From 459fc3a17b46ce7c415bb2baa267a399807681cc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DebarghaG Date: Tue, 14 Oct 2025 22:51:04 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 01/11] Adding an experimental SMT backend --- .gitignore | 2 + BACKENDS.md | 122 ++++++++++ CHANGELOG.md | 8 + README.md | 16 +- examples/backend_comparison.py | 78 +++++++ examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py | 60 +++++ pyproject.toml | 48 ++++ setup.py | 62 +++++ tests/fixtures/simple_test.smt2 | 10 + z3dsl/__init__.py | 4 +- z3dsl/_version.py | 3 + z3dsl/backends/__init__.py | 7 + z3dsl/backends/abstract.py | 67 ++++++ z3dsl/backends/json_backend.py | 91 ++++++++ z3dsl/backends/smt2_backend.py | 159 +++++++++++++ z3dsl/reasoning/evaluation.py | 235 +++++++++++++------ z3dsl/reasoning/program_generator.py | 140 ++++++++++-- z3dsl/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py | 60 +++-- z3dsl/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py | 292 ++++++++++++++++++++++++ 19 files changed, 1351 insertions(+), 113 deletions(-) create mode 100644 BACKENDS.md create mode 100644 CHANGELOG.md create mode 100644 examples/backend_comparison.py create mode 100644 examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py create mode 100644 setup.py create mode 100644 tests/fixtures/simple_test.smt2 create mode 100644 z3dsl/_version.py create mode 100644 z3dsl/backends/__init__.py create mode 100644 z3dsl/backends/abstract.py create mode 100644 z3dsl/backends/json_backend.py create mode 100644 z3dsl/backends/smt2_backend.py create mode 100644 z3dsl/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore index 316f82c..2fe7747 100644 --- a/.gitignore +++ b/.gitignore @@ -1,3 +1,5 @@ +outputs/* + # Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files __pycache__/ *.py[codz] diff --git a/BACKENDS.md b/BACKENDS.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..516bcc2 --- /dev/null +++ b/BACKENDS.md @@ -0,0 +1,122 @@ +# Backend System + +ProofOfThought now supports multiple execution backends for Z3 theorem proving. + +## Available Backends + +### 1. SMT2 Backend (Default) + +The SMT2 backend generates programs in SMT-LIB 2.0 format and executes them via the Z3 command-line interface. + +**Advantages:** +- Standard SMT-LIB 2.0 format (portable to other solvers) +- Direct Z3 CLI execution (no Python interpreter overhead) +- Programs can be run standalone with `z3 program.smt2` + +**Usage:** +```python +from z3dsl.reasoning import ProofOfThought + +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + backend="smt2", # default + z3_path="z3" # optional: specify Z3 executable path +) +result = pot.query("Can fish breathe underwater?") +``` + +### 2. JSON Backend + +The JSON backend uses a custom JSON DSL that is parsed by Python and executed via the Z3 Python API. + +**Advantages:** +- More structured and easier for LLMs to generate correctly +- Better error messages and debugging +- Richer DSL features (optimization, complex rules) + +**Usage:** +```python +from z3dsl.reasoning import ProofOfThought + +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + backend="json" +) +result = pot.query("Can fish breathe underwater?") +``` + +## How It Works + +1. **Program Generation**: The LLM generates programs in the format specified by the backend + - JSON backend: Uses `z3dsl.reasoning.prompt_template` + - SMT2 backend: Uses `z3dsl.reasoning.smt2_prompt_template` + +2. **Execution**: Programs are saved to temporary files and executed + - JSON backend: Parsed and executed via `z3dsl.interpreter.Z3JSONInterpreter` + - SMT2 backend: Executed via Z3 CLI subprocess + +3. **Result Parsing**: Both backends return a `VerificationResult` with: + - `answer`: `True` (SAT), `False` (UNSAT), or `None` (ambiguous/error) + - `sat_count`: Number of SAT results + - `unsat_count`: Number of UNSAT results + - `output`: Raw execution output + +## Backend Selection + +Choose your backend based on your needs: + +- **Use SMT2** (default) if you want: + - Standard SMT-LIB 2.0 format + - Portability to other SMT solvers + - Standalone executable programs + +- **Use JSON** if you want: + - Better LLM generation reliability + - Richer DSL features + - Better debugging and error messages + +## Example: Comparing Backends + +```python +from azure_config import get_client_config +from z3dsl.reasoning import ProofOfThought + +config = get_client_config() +question = "Can fish breathe underwater?" + +# JSON backend +pot_json = ProofOfThought(llm_client=config["llm_client"], backend="json") +result_json = pot_json.query(question) + +# SMT2 backend +pot_smt2 = ProofOfThought(llm_client=config["llm_client"], backend="smt2") +result_smt2 = pot_smt2.query(question) + +print(f"JSON answer: {result_json.answer}") +print(f"SMT2 answer: {result_smt2.answer}") +``` + +See `examples/backend_comparison.py` for a complete example. + +## File Extensions + +- JSON programs: `.json` +- SMT2 programs: `.smt2` + +Programs can be saved using `save_program=True` in the `query()` method. + +## Architecture + +The backend system follows an abstract interface pattern: + +``` +z3dsl/backends/ +├── abstract.py # Backend interface +├── json_backend.py # JSON DSL backend +└── smt2_backend.py # SMT-LIB 2.0 backend +``` + +Each backend implements: +- `execute(program_path)`: Run a program and return results +- `get_file_extension()`: Get the file extension (.json or .smt2) +- `get_prompt_template()`: Get the LLM prompt for program generation diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5c03e56 --- /dev/null +++ b/CHANGELOG.md @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +# Changelog + +All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file. + +The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/), +and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html). + +## [1.0.0] - TBD diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 37e916a..238b863 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -34,12 +34,26 @@ print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") pip install z3-solver openai scikit-learn numpy ``` +## Backend Selection + +ProofOfThought supports two execution backends: + +```python +# SMT2 backend (default) - Standard SMT-LIB 2.0 via Z3 CLI +pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client, backend="smt2") + +# JSON backend - Custom DSL via Python Z3 API +pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client, backend="json") +``` + +See [BACKENDS.md](BACKENDS.md) for details on choosing a backend. + ## Architecture The system has two layers: 1. **High-level API** (`z3dsl.reasoning`) - Simple Python interface for reasoning tasks -2. **Low-level DSL** (`z3dsl`) - JSON-based Z3 theorem prover interface +2. **Low-level execution** (`z3dsl.backends`) - JSON DSL or SMT2 backend for Z3 Most users should use the high-level API. diff --git a/examples/backend_comparison.py b/examples/backend_comparison.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bc03ef6 --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/backend_comparison.py @@ -0,0 +1,78 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +""" +Compare JSON and SMT2 backends with ProofOfThought. + +This example demonstrates using both backends on the same question. +""" + +import logging +import sys +from pathlib import Path + +# Add parent directory to path for z3dsl imports +sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) + +# Import Azure configuration helper +from azure_config import get_client_config + +from z3dsl.reasoning import ProofOfThought + +# Configure logging +logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") + +# Get Azure GPT-5 configuration +config = get_client_config() + +# Test question +question = "Can fish breathe underwater?" + +print("=" * 80) +print("BACKEND COMPARISON: JSON vs SMT2") +print("=" * 80) + +# Test with JSON backend +print("\n[1/2] Testing JSON Backend") +print("-" * 80) +pot_json = ProofOfThought(llm_client=config["llm_client"], model=config["model"], backend="json") + +result_json = pot_json.query(question, save_program=True) +print(f"Question: {question}") +print(f"Answer: {result_json.answer}") +print(f"Success: {result_json.success}") +print(f"Attempts: {result_json.num_attempts}") +print(f"SAT count: {result_json.sat_count}") +print(f"UNSAT count: {result_json.unsat_count}") + +if not result_json.success: + print(f"Error: {result_json.error}") + sys.exit(1) + +# Test with SMT2 backend +print("\n[2/2] Testing SMT2 Backend") +print("-" * 80) +pot_smt2 = ProofOfThought(llm_client=config["llm_client"], model=config["model"], backend="smt2") + +result_smt2 = pot_smt2.query(question, save_program=True) +print(f"Question: {question}") +print(f"Answer: {result_smt2.answer}") +print(f"Success: {result_smt2.success}") +print(f"Attempts: {result_smt2.num_attempts}") +print(f"SAT count: {result_smt2.sat_count}") +print(f"UNSAT count: {result_smt2.unsat_count}") + +if not result_smt2.success: + print(f"Error: {result_smt2.error}") + sys.exit(1) + +# Compare results +print("\n" + "=" * 80) +print("COMPARISON") +print("=" * 80) +print(f"JSON Answer: {result_json.answer}") +print(f"SMT2 Answer: {result_smt2.answer}") +print(f"Answers Match: {result_json.answer == result_smt2.answer}") + +if result_json.answer == result_smt2.answer: + print("\n✓ Both backends produced the same answer!") +else: + print("\n✗ WARNING: Backends produced different answers!") diff --git a/examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py b/examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..9a582c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py @@ -0,0 +1,60 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +"""Example: Batch evaluation on StrategyQA using SMT2 backend with Azure OpenAI.""" + +import logging +import sys +from pathlib import Path + +# Add parent directory to path for z3dsl imports +sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) + +from azure_config import get_client_config + +from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought + +# Configure logging +logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") + +# Get Azure OpenAI configuration +config = get_client_config() + +# Create ProofOfThought instance with SMT2 backend +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2", # ← Use SMT2 backend + max_attempts=3, + cache_dir="output/programs_smt2", + z3_path="z3", +) + +# Create evaluation pipeline with 10 parallel workers +evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( + proof_of_thought=pot, + output_dir="output/evaluation_results_smt2", + num_workers=10, # Run 10 LLM generations in parallel +) + +# Run evaluation +result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset="examples/strategyQA_train.json", + question_field="question", + answer_field="answer", + id_field="qid", + max_samples=100, + skip_existing=True, +) + +# Print results +print("\n" + "=" * 80) +print("EVALUATION METRICS (SMT2 Backend + Azure GPT-5)") +print("=" * 80) +print(f"Total Samples: {result.metrics.total_samples}") +print(f"Correct: {result.metrics.correct_answers}") +print(f"Wrong: {result.metrics.wrong_answers}") +print(f"Failed: {result.metrics.failed_answers}") +print() +print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") +print(f"Precision: {result.metrics.precision:.4f}") +print(f"Recall: {result.metrics.recall:.4f}") +print(f"F1 Score: {result.metrics.f1_score:.4f}") diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml index 6b77be5..8465f26 100644 --- a/pyproject.toml +++ b/pyproject.toml @@ -1,3 +1,51 @@ +[build-system] +requires = ["setuptools>=61.0", "wheel"] +build-backend = "setuptools.build_meta" + +[project] +name = "proofofthought" +version = "1.0.0" +description = "LLM-based reasoning using Z3 theorem proving" +readme = "README.md" +authors = [ + {name = "Debargha Ganguly", email = "debargha@case.edu"} +] +license = {text = "MIT"} +classifiers = [ + "Development Status :: 4 - Beta", + "Intended Audience :: Developers", + "Intended Audience :: Science/Research", + "License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License", + "Programming Language :: Python :: 3", + "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12", + "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Artificial Intelligence", + "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules", +] +keywords = ["llm", "reasoning", "z3", "theorem-proving", "smt", "ai"] +requires-python = ">=3.12" +dependencies = [ + "z3-solver>=4.15.0", + "openai>=2.0.0", + "scikit-learn>=1.7.0", + "numpy>=2.3.0", + "python-dotenv>=1.0.0", +] + +[project.optional-dependencies] +dev = [ + "black>=25.9.0", + "ruff>=0.13.0", + "mypy>=1.18.0", + "pre-commit>=4.3.0", + "pytest>=8.0.0", +] + +[project.urls] +Homepage = "https://github.com/debarghaG/proofofthought" +Documentation = "https://github.com/debarghaG/proofofthought#readme" +Repository = "https://github.com/debarghaG/proofofthought" +"Bug Tracker" = "https://github.com/debarghaG/proofofthought/issues" + [tool.black] line-length = 100 target-version = ["py312"] diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..98aedec --- /dev/null +++ b/setup.py @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +"""Setup script for ProofOfThought. + +This setup.py is provided for backward compatibility. +Modern installations should use pyproject.toml with pip install. +""" + + +# Read version from package +__version__ = "1.0.0" + +# Read long description from README +with open("README.md", encoding="utf-8") as f: + long_description = f.read() + +# To be completed + +# setup( +# name="proofofthought", +# version=__version__, +# description="LLM-based reasoning using Z3 theorem proving", +# long_description=long_description, +# long_description_content_type="text/markdown", +# author="Debargha Ganguly", +# author_email="debargha@case.edu", +# url="https://github.com/debarghaG/proofofthought", +# license="MIT", +# packages=find_packages(exclude=["tests", "tests.*", "examples", "examples.*"]), +# python_requires=">=3.12", +# install_requires=[ +# "z3-solver>=4.15.0", +# "openai>=2.0.0", +# "scikit-learn>=1.7.0", +# "numpy>=2.3.0", +# "python-dotenv>=1.0.0", +# ], +# extras_require={ +# "dev": [ +# "black>=25.9.0", +# "ruff>=0.13.0", +# "mypy>=1.18.0", +# "pre-commit>=4.3.0", +# "pytest>=8.0.0", +# ], +# }, +# classifiers=[ +# "Development Status :: 4 - Beta", +# "Intended Audience :: Developers", +# "Intended Audience :: Science/Research", +# "License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License", +# "Programming Language :: Python :: 3", +# "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12", +# "Topic :: Scientific/Engineering :: Artificial Intelligence", +# "Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules", +# ], +# keywords="llm reasoning z3 theorem-proving smt ai", +# project_urls={ +# "Documentation": "https://github.com/debarghaG/proofofthought#readme", +# "Source": "https://github.com/debarghaG/proofofthought", +# "Bug Tracker": "https://github.com/debarghaG/proofofthought/issues", +# }, +# ) diff --git a/tests/fixtures/simple_test.smt2 b/tests/fixtures/simple_test.smt2 new file mode 100644 index 0000000..17fa022 --- /dev/null +++ b/tests/fixtures/simple_test.smt2 @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +; Simple SMT2 test - check if 2 > 1 +(declare-const x Int) +(declare-const y Int) + +(assert (= x 2)) +(assert (= y 1)) +(assert (> x y)) + +(check-sat) +(get-model) diff --git a/z3dsl/__init__.py b/z3dsl/__init__.py index 90d1f09..a26907f 100644 --- a/z3dsl/__init__.py +++ b/z3dsl/__init__.py @@ -1,8 +1,8 @@ """Z3 DSL Interpreter - A JSON-based DSL for Z3 theorem prover.""" +from z3dsl._version import __version__ from z3dsl.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter from z3dsl.solvers.abstract import AbstractSolver from z3dsl.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver -__version__ = "1.0.0" -__all__ = ["Z3JSONInterpreter", "AbstractSolver", "Z3Solver"] +__all__ = ["Z3JSONInterpreter", "AbstractSolver", "Z3Solver", "__version__"] diff --git a/z3dsl/_version.py b/z3dsl/_version.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1e2e5af --- /dev/null +++ b/z3dsl/_version.py @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +"""Version information for z3dsl package.""" + +__version__ = "1.0.0" diff --git a/z3dsl/backends/__init__.py b/z3dsl/backends/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..96dee35 --- /dev/null +++ b/z3dsl/backends/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +"""Backend implementations for Z3 DSL execution.""" + +from z3dsl.backends.abstract import Backend +from z3dsl.backends.json_backend import JSONBackend +from z3dsl.backends.smt2_backend import SMT2Backend + +__all__ = ["Backend", "JSONBackend", "SMT2Backend"] diff --git a/z3dsl/backends/abstract.py b/z3dsl/backends/abstract.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b14c2e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/z3dsl/backends/abstract.py @@ -0,0 +1,67 @@ +"""Abstract backend interface for Z3 DSL execution.""" + +from abc import ABC, abstractmethod +from dataclasses import dataclass + + +@dataclass +class VerificationResult: + """Result of Z3 verification execution.""" + + answer: bool | None # True (SAT), False (UNSAT), or None (ambiguous/error) + sat_count: int + unsat_count: int + output: str + success: bool + error: str | None = None + + +class Backend(ABC): + """Abstract base class for Z3 DSL execution backends.""" + + @abstractmethod + def execute(self, program_path: str) -> VerificationResult: + """Execute a program and return verification results. + + Args: + program_path: Path to the program file + + Returns: + VerificationResult with answer and execution details + """ + pass + + @abstractmethod + def get_file_extension(self) -> str: + """Get the file extension for this backend's programs. + + Returns: + File extension including dot (e.g., ".json", ".smt2") + """ + pass + + @abstractmethod + def get_prompt_template(self) -> str: + """Get the prompt template for LLM program generation. + + Returns: + Prompt template string + """ + pass + + def determine_answer(self, sat_count: int, unsat_count: int) -> bool | None: + """Determine boolean answer from SAT/UNSAT counts. + + Args: + sat_count: Number of SAT occurrences + unsat_count: Number of UNSAT occurrences + + Returns: + True if SAT only, False if UNSAT only, None if ambiguous + """ + if sat_count > 0 and unsat_count == 0: + return True + elif unsat_count > 0 and sat_count == 0: + return False + else: + return None diff --git a/z3dsl/backends/json_backend.py b/z3dsl/backends/json_backend.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0794681 --- /dev/null +++ b/z3dsl/backends/json_backend.py @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ +"""JSON DSL backend using Python Z3 API.""" + +import io +import logging +from contextlib import redirect_stderr, redirect_stdout + +from z3dsl.backends.abstract import Backend, VerificationResult +from z3dsl.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter +from z3dsl.reasoning.prompt_template import DSL_INSTRUCTIONS + +logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) + + +class JSONBackend(Backend): + """Backend for executing JSON DSL programs via Python Z3 API.""" + + def __init__(self, verify_timeout: int = 10000, optimize_timeout: int = 100000) -> None: + """Initialize JSON backend. + + Args: + verify_timeout: Timeout for verification in milliseconds + optimize_timeout: Timeout for optimization in milliseconds + """ + self.verify_timeout = verify_timeout + self.optimize_timeout = optimize_timeout + + def execute(self, program_path: str) -> VerificationResult: + """Execute a JSON DSL program. + + Args: + program_path: Path to JSON program file + + Returns: + VerificationResult with answer and execution details + """ + try: + # Capture stdout and stderr for output logging + stdout_capture = io.StringIO() + stderr_capture = io.StringIO() + + with redirect_stdout(stdout_capture), redirect_stderr(stderr_capture): + interpreter = Z3JSONInterpreter( + program_path, + verify_timeout=self.verify_timeout, + optimize_timeout=self.optimize_timeout, + ) + interpreter.run() + + # Get structured verification counts from interpreter + sat_count, unsat_count = interpreter.get_verification_counts() + + # Combine output for logging + full_output = stdout_capture.getvalue() + stderr_capture.getvalue() + + # Determine answer based on verification results + answer = self.determine_answer(sat_count, unsat_count) + + return VerificationResult( + answer=answer, + sat_count=sat_count, + unsat_count=unsat_count, + output=full_output, + success=True, + ) + + except Exception as e: + logger.error(f"Error executing JSON program: {e}") + return VerificationResult( + answer=None, + sat_count=0, + unsat_count=0, + output="", + success=False, + error=str(e), + ) + + def get_file_extension(self) -> str: + """Get the file extension for JSON programs. + + Returns: + ".json" + """ + return ".json" + + def get_prompt_template(self) -> str: + """Get the prompt template for JSON DSL generation. + + Returns: + JSON DSL prompt template + """ + return DSL_INSTRUCTIONS diff --git a/z3dsl/backends/smt2_backend.py b/z3dsl/backends/smt2_backend.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82478ef --- /dev/null +++ b/z3dsl/backends/smt2_backend.py @@ -0,0 +1,159 @@ +"""SMT2 backend using Z3 command-line interface.""" + +import logging +import re +import shutil +import subprocess + +from z3dsl.backends.abstract import Backend, VerificationResult +from z3dsl.reasoning.smt2_prompt_template import SMT2_INSTRUCTIONS + +logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) + + +class SMT2Backend(Backend): + """Backend for executing SMT2 programs via Z3 CLI.""" + + def __init__(self, verify_timeout: int = 10000, z3_path: str = "z3") -> None: + """Initialize SMT2 backend. + + Args: + verify_timeout: Timeout for verification in milliseconds + z3_path: Path to Z3 executable (default: "z3" from PATH) + + Raises: + FileNotFoundError: If Z3 executable is not found + """ + self.verify_timeout = verify_timeout + self.z3_path = z3_path + + # Validate Z3 is available + if not shutil.which(z3_path): + raise FileNotFoundError( + f"Z3 executable not found: '{z3_path}'\n" + f"Please install Z3:\n" + f" - pip install z3-solver\n" + f" - Or download from: https://github.com/Z3Prover/z3/releases\n" + f" - Or specify custom path: SMT2Backend(z3_path='/path/to/z3')" + ) + + def execute(self, program_path: str) -> VerificationResult: + """Execute an SMT2 program via Z3 CLI. + + Args: + program_path: Path to SMT2 program file + + Returns: + VerificationResult with answer and execution details + """ + try: + # Convert timeout from milliseconds to seconds for Z3 + timeout_seconds = self.verify_timeout // 1000 + + # Run Z3 on the SMT2 file + # -T:timeout sets soft timeout in seconds + # -smt2 ensures SMT2 mode (usually auto-detected from extension) + result = subprocess.run( + [self.z3_path, f"-T:{timeout_seconds}", program_path], + capture_output=True, + text=True, + timeout=timeout_seconds + 10, # Hard timeout slightly longer + ) + + output = result.stdout + result.stderr + + # Parse Z3 output for sat/unsat + sat_count, unsat_count = self._parse_z3_output(output) + + # Determine answer + answer = self.determine_answer(sat_count, unsat_count) + + return VerificationResult( + answer=answer, + sat_count=sat_count, + unsat_count=unsat_count, + output=output, + success=True, + ) + + except subprocess.TimeoutExpired: + error_msg = ( + f"Z3 execution timed out after {timeout_seconds}s. " + f"The SMT2 program may be too complex or contain an infinite loop. " + f"Try increasing the timeout or simplifying the problem." + ) + logger.error(error_msg) + return VerificationResult( + answer=None, + sat_count=0, + unsat_count=0, + output="", + success=False, + error=error_msg, + ) + except FileNotFoundError: + error_msg = ( + f"Z3 executable not found: '{self.z3_path}'\n" + f"This error should have been caught during initialization. " + f"Z3 may have been removed or PATH changed." + ) + logger.error(error_msg) + return VerificationResult( + answer=None, + sat_count=0, + unsat_count=0, + output="", + success=False, + error=error_msg, + ) + except Exception as e: + error_msg = f"Error executing SMT2 program: {e}\nProgram path: {program_path}" + logger.error(error_msg) + return VerificationResult( + answer=None, + sat_count=0, + unsat_count=0, + output="", + success=False, + error=error_msg, + ) + + def _parse_z3_output(self, output: str) -> tuple[int, int]: + """Parse Z3 output to count sat/unsat results. + + Args: + output: Raw Z3 output text + + Returns: + Tuple of (sat_count, unsat_count) + """ + # Count occurrences of sat/unsat in output + # Use negative lookbehind to exclude "unsat" from "sat" matches + # Pattern: match "sat" only when NOT preceded by "un" + sat_pattern = r"(? str: + """Get the file extension for SMT2 programs. + + Returns: + ".smt2" + """ + return ".smt2" + + def get_prompt_template(self) -> str: + """Get the prompt template for SMT2 generation. + + Returns: + SMT2 prompt template + """ + return SMT2_INSTRUCTIONS diff --git a/z3dsl/reasoning/evaluation.py b/z3dsl/reasoning/evaluation.py index 2741837..1d4c3ab 100644 --- a/z3dsl/reasoning/evaluation.py +++ b/z3dsl/reasoning/evaluation.py @@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import json import logging import os +from concurrent.futures import as_completed from dataclasses import dataclass, field from typing import Any @@ -57,17 +58,91 @@ def __init__( self, proof_of_thought: ProofOfThought, output_dir: str = "evaluation_results", + num_workers: int = 1, ) -> None: """Initialize evaluation pipeline. Args: proof_of_thought: ProofOfThought instance output_dir: Directory to save evaluation results + num_workers: Number of parallel workers (default: 1, set to >1 for multiprocessing) """ self.pot = proof_of_thought self.output_dir = output_dir + self.num_workers = num_workers os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True) + def _process_sample( + self, + sample: dict[str, Any], + idx: int, + total: int, + question_field: str, + answer_field: str, + id_field: str | None, + skip_existing: bool, + ) -> tuple[dict[str, Any], QueryResult | None]: + """Process a single sample (used for parallel processing). + + Args: + sample: Sample data + idx: Sample index + total: Total number of samples + question_field: Field name for question + answer_field: Field name for answer + id_field: Field name for sample ID + skip_existing: Whether to skip existing results + + Returns: + Tuple of (result_data, QueryResult) + """ + # Extract fields + question = sample[question_field] + ground_truth = sample[answer_field] + sample_id = sample.get(id_field) if id_field else f"sample_{idx}" + + logger.info(f"[{idx+1}/{total}] Processing: {sample_id}") + + # Check if already processed + result_path = os.path.join(self.output_dir, f"{sample_id}_result.json") + if skip_existing and os.path.exists(result_path): + logger.info(f"Skipping {sample_id} (already processed)") + try: + with open(result_path) as f: + cached = json.load(f) + return cached, None + except Exception as e: + logger.warning(f"Failed to load cached result: {e}") + + # Query the system (get correct file extension from backend) + file_ext = self.pot.backend.get_file_extension() + result = self.pot.query( + question=question, + save_program=True, + program_path=os.path.join(self.output_dir, f"{sample_id}_program{file_ext}"), + ) + + # Create result data + result_data = { + "sample_id": sample_id, + "question": question, + "ground_truth": ground_truth, + "answer": result.answer, + "success": result.success, + "num_attempts": result.num_attempts, + "sat_count": result.sat_count, + "unsat_count": result.unsat_count, + "error": result.error, + } + + # Save result + with open(result_path, "w") as f: + json.dump(result_data, f, indent=2) + + logger.info(f"Completed {sample_id}: {result.answer} (success={result.success})") + + return result_data, result + def evaluate( self, dataset: list[dict[str, Any]] | str, @@ -102,7 +177,7 @@ def evaluate( if max_samples: dataset_list = dataset_list[:max_samples] - logger.info(f"Evaluating {len(dataset_list)} samples") + logger.info(f"Evaluating {len(dataset_list)} samples with {self.num_workers} workers") results = [] y_true = [] @@ -111,83 +186,103 @@ def evaluate( wrong = 0 failed = 0 - for idx, sample in enumerate(dataset_list): - # Extract fields - question = sample[question_field] - ground_truth = sample[answer_field] - sample_id = sample.get(id_field) if id_field else f"sample_{idx}" - - logger.info(f"[{idx+1}/{len(dataset)}] Processing: {sample_id}") - logger.info(f"Question: {question}") - logger.info(f"Ground truth: {ground_truth}") - - # Check if already processed - result_path = os.path.join(self.output_dir, f"{sample_id}_result.json") - if skip_existing and os.path.exists(result_path): - logger.info(f"Skipping {sample_id} (already processed)") - try: - with open(result_path) as f: - cached = json.load(f) - if cached.get("success"): + if self.num_workers == 1: + # Sequential processing + for idx, sample in enumerate(dataset_list): + result_data, result = self._process_sample( + sample, + idx, + len(dataset_list), + question_field, + answer_field, + id_field, + skip_existing, + ) + + ground_truth = result_data["ground_truth"] + + # Update metrics from cached or new result + if result_data.get("success"): + y_true.append(int(ground_truth)) + y_pred.append(int(result_data["answer"])) + if result_data["answer"] == ground_truth: + correct += 1 + logger.info("✓ Correct answer") + else: + wrong += 1 + logger.info("✗ Wrong answer") + else: + failed += 1 + logger.warning(f"✗ Failed: {result_data.get('error')}") + + if result: + results.append(result) + + # Log current statistics + total_answered = correct + wrong + if total_answered > 0: + accuracy = correct / total_answered + logger.info( + f"Current stats: {correct}/{total_answered} correct ({accuracy:.2%})" + ) + else: + # Parallel processing with ProcessPoolExecutor + # Note: This won't work with the current approach because ProofOfThought can't be pickled + # We need to use threading instead + from concurrent.futures import ThreadPoolExecutor + + logger.info("Using parallel processing with threading") + + with ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=self.num_workers) as executor: + # Submit all tasks + futures = { + executor.submit( + self._process_sample, + sample, + idx, + len(dataset_list), + question_field, + answer_field, + id_field, + skip_existing, + ): idx + for idx, sample in enumerate(dataset_list) + } + + # Collect results as they complete + completed = 0 + for future in as_completed(futures): + completed += 1 + try: + result_data, result = future.result() + ground_truth = result_data["ground_truth"] + + # Update metrics + if result_data.get("success"): y_true.append(int(ground_truth)) - y_pred.append(int(cached["answer"])) - if cached["answer"] == ground_truth: + y_pred.append(int(result_data["answer"])) + if result_data["answer"] == ground_truth: correct += 1 else: wrong += 1 else: failed += 1 - except Exception as e: - logger.warning(f"Failed to load cached result: {e}") - continue - - # Query the system - result = self.pot.query( - question=question, - save_program=True, - program_path=os.path.join(self.output_dir, f"{sample_id}_program.json"), - ) - # Save result - with open(result_path, "w") as f: - json.dump( - { - "sample_id": sample_id, - "question": question, - "ground_truth": ground_truth, - "answer": result.answer, - "success": result.success, - "num_attempts": result.num_attempts, - "sat_count": result.sat_count, - "unsat_count": result.unsat_count, - "error": result.error, - }, - f, - indent=2, - ) - - results.append(result) - - # Update metrics - if result.success and result.answer is not None: - y_true.append(int(ground_truth)) - y_pred.append(int(result.answer)) + if result: + results.append(result) - if result.answer == ground_truth: - correct += 1 - logger.info("✓ Correct answer") - else: - wrong += 1 - logger.info("✗ Wrong answer") - else: - failed += 1 - logger.warning(f"✗ Failed to get answer: {result.error}") + except Exception as e: + logger.error(f"Task failed: {e}") + failed += 1 - # Log current statistics - total_answered = correct + wrong - if total_answered > 0: - accuracy = correct / total_answered - logger.info(f"Current stats: {correct}/{total_answered} correct ({accuracy:.2%})") + # Log progress + logger.info(f"Progress: {completed}/{len(dataset_list)} samples completed") + total_answered = correct + wrong + if total_answered > 0: + accuracy = correct / total_answered + logger.info( + f"Current stats: {correct}/{total_answered} correct ({accuracy:.2%})" + ) # Calculate final metrics metrics = self._calculate_metrics(y_true, y_pred, correct, wrong, failed) @@ -196,7 +291,7 @@ def evaluate( logger.info("=" * 80) logger.info("FINAL EVALUATION RESULTS") logger.info("=" * 80) - logger.info(f"Total samples: {len(dataset)}") + logger.info(f"Total samples: {len(dataset_list)}") logger.info(f"Correct: {correct}") logger.info(f"Wrong: {wrong}") logger.info(f"Failed: {failed}") diff --git a/z3dsl/reasoning/program_generator.py b/z3dsl/reasoning/program_generator.py index 8d5dc12..70fdec5 100644 --- a/z3dsl/reasoning/program_generator.py +++ b/z3dsl/reasoning/program_generator.py @@ -4,35 +4,58 @@ import logging import re from dataclasses import dataclass -from typing import Any +from typing import Any, Literal from z3dsl.reasoning.prompt_template import build_prompt +from z3dsl.reasoning.smt2_prompt_template import build_smt2_prompt logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) +BackendType = Literal["json", "smt2"] + @dataclass class GenerationResult: - """Result of JSON program generation.""" + """Result of program generation.""" - json_program: dict[str, Any] | None + program: dict[str, Any] | str | None # JSON dict or SMT2 string raw_response: str success: bool + backend: BackendType error: str | None = None + # Backward compatibility + @property + def json_program(self) -> dict[str, Any] | None: + """Get JSON program (for backward compatibility).""" + if self.backend == "json" and isinstance(self.program, dict): + return self.program + return None + + @property + def smt2_program(self) -> str | None: + """Get SMT2 program text.""" + if self.backend == "smt2" and isinstance(self.program, str): + return self.program + return None + class Z3ProgramGenerator: - """Generate Z3 DSL JSON programs from natural language questions using LLM.""" + """Generate Z3 DSL programs from natural language questions using LLM.""" - def __init__(self, llm_client: Any, model: str = "gpt-4o") -> None: + def __init__( + self, llm_client: Any, model: str = "gpt-4o", backend: BackendType = "smt2" + ) -> None: """Initialize the program generator. Args: llm_client: LLM client (OpenAI, Anthropic, etc.) model: Model name to use + backend: Backend type ("json" or "smt2") """ self.llm_client = llm_client self.model = model + self.backend = backend def generate( self, @@ -40,7 +63,7 @@ def generate( temperature: float = 0.1, max_tokens: int = 16384, ) -> GenerationResult: - """Generate a Z3 DSL JSON program from a question. + """Generate a Z3 DSL program from a question. Args: question: Natural language question @@ -48,10 +71,14 @@ def generate( max_tokens: Maximum tokens for response (default 16384 for GPT-5) Returns: - GenerationResult with JSON program or error + GenerationResult with program or error """ try: - prompt = build_prompt(question) + # Select prompt based on backend + if self.backend == "json": + prompt = build_prompt(question) + else: # smt2 + prompt = build_smt2_prompt(question) # Make LLM API call (compatible with both OpenAI and Azure OpenAI) # Azure OpenAI requires content as string, not list @@ -64,31 +91,39 @@ def generate( raw_response = response.choices[0].message.content - # Extract JSON from markdown code block - json_program = self._extract_json(raw_response) + # Extract program based on backend + if self.backend == "json": + program: dict[str, Any] | str | None = self._extract_json(raw_response) + error_msg = "Failed to extract valid JSON from response" + else: # smt2 + program = self._extract_smt2(raw_response) + error_msg = "Failed to extract valid SMT2 from response" - if json_program: + if program: return GenerationResult( - json_program=json_program, + program=program, raw_response=raw_response, success=True, + backend=self.backend, ) else: # Log the raw response to help debug extraction failures logger.debug(f"Raw LLM response:\n{raw_response[:1000]}...") return GenerationResult( - json_program=None, + program=None, raw_response=raw_response, success=False, - error="Failed to extract valid JSON from response", + backend=self.backend, + error=error_msg, ) except Exception as e: logger.error(f"Error generating program: {e}") return GenerationResult( - json_program=None, + program=None, raw_response="", success=False, + backend=self.backend, error=str(e), ) @@ -110,13 +145,19 @@ def generate_with_feedback( max_tokens: Maximum tokens (default 16384 for GPT-5) Returns: - GenerationResult with corrected JSON program + GenerationResult with corrected program """ try: - prompt = build_prompt(question) + # Select prompt based on backend + if self.backend == "json": + prompt = build_prompt(question) + format_msg = "Please fix the JSON accordingly." + else: # smt2 + prompt = build_smt2_prompt(question) + format_msg = "Please fix the SMT2 program accordingly." + feedback_message = ( - f"There was an error processing your response:\n{error_trace}\n" - "Please fix the JSON accordingly." + f"There was an error processing your response:\n{error_trace}\n{format_msg}" ) # Multi-turn conversation with error feedback @@ -133,30 +174,40 @@ def generate_with_feedback( ) raw_response = response.choices[0].message.content - json_program = self._extract_json(raw_response) - if json_program: + # Extract program based on backend + if self.backend == "json": + program: dict[str, Any] | str | None = self._extract_json(raw_response) + error_msg = "Failed to extract valid JSON from feedback response" + else: # smt2 + program = self._extract_smt2(raw_response) + error_msg = "Failed to extract valid SMT2 from feedback response" + + if program: return GenerationResult( - json_program=json_program, + program=program, raw_response=raw_response, success=True, + backend=self.backend, ) else: # Log the raw response to help debug extraction failures logger.debug(f"Raw LLM feedback response:\n{raw_response[:1000]}...") return GenerationResult( - json_program=None, + program=None, raw_response=raw_response, success=False, - error="Failed to extract valid JSON from feedback response", + backend=self.backend, + error=error_msg, ) except Exception as e: logger.error(f"Error generating program with feedback: {e}") return GenerationResult( - json_program=None, + program=None, raw_response="", success=False, + backend=self.backend, error=str(e), ) @@ -192,3 +243,42 @@ def _extract_json(self, markdown_content: str) -> dict[str, Any] | None: pass return None + + def _extract_smt2(self, markdown_content: str) -> str | None: + """Extract SMT2 from markdown code block. + + Args: + markdown_content: Markdown text potentially containing SMT2 + + Returns: + SMT2 program text or None if extraction failed + """ + # Pattern to match ```smt2 ... ``` code blocks + smt2_pattern = r"```smt2\s*([\s\S]*?)\s*```" + match = re.search(smt2_pattern, markdown_content) + + if match: + smt2_text = match.group(1).strip() + if smt2_text: + return smt2_text + logger.error("Found empty SMT2 code block") + return None + + # Try to find SMT2 without code block markers (starts with comment or paren) + # Look for lines that start with ';' or '(' + lines = markdown_content.split("\n") + smt2_lines = [] + in_smt2 = False + + for line in lines: + stripped = line.strip() + if stripped.startswith(";") or stripped.startswith("("): + in_smt2 = True + if in_smt2: + smt2_lines.append(line) + + if smt2_lines: + return "\n".join(smt2_lines).strip() + + logger.error("Could not extract SMT2 from response") + return None diff --git a/z3dsl/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py b/z3dsl/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py index f2a8584..398d1e3 100644 --- a/z3dsl/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py +++ b/z3dsl/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py @@ -6,13 +6,17 @@ import tempfile import traceback from dataclasses import dataclass -from typing import Any +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal from z3dsl.reasoning.program_generator import Z3ProgramGenerator -from z3dsl.reasoning.verifier import Z3Verifier + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from z3dsl.backends.abstract import Backend logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) +BackendType = Literal["json", "smt2"] + @dataclass class QueryResult: @@ -49,23 +53,42 @@ def __init__( self, llm_client: Any, model: str = "gpt-5", + backend: BackendType = "smt2", max_attempts: int = 3, verify_timeout: int = 10000, optimize_timeout: int = 100000, cache_dir: str | None = None, + z3_path: str = "z3", ) -> None: """Initialize ProofOfThought. Args: llm_client: LLM client (OpenAI, AzureOpenAI, Anthropic, etc.) model: LLM model/deployment name (default: "gpt-5") + backend: Execution backend ("json" or "smt2", default: "smt2") max_attempts: Maximum retry attempts for program generation verify_timeout: Z3 verification timeout in milliseconds optimize_timeout: Z3 optimization timeout in milliseconds cache_dir: Directory to cache generated programs (None = temp dir) + z3_path: Path to Z3 executable (for SMT2 backend) """ - self.generator = Z3ProgramGenerator(llm_client=llm_client, model=model) - self.verifier = Z3Verifier(verify_timeout=verify_timeout, optimize_timeout=optimize_timeout) + self.backend_type = backend + self.generator = Z3ProgramGenerator(llm_client=llm_client, model=model, backend=backend) + + # Initialize appropriate backend (import here to avoid circular imports) + if backend == "json": + from z3dsl.backends.json_backend import JSONBackend + + backend_instance: Backend = JSONBackend( + verify_timeout=verify_timeout, optimize_timeout=optimize_timeout + ) + else: # smt2 + from z3dsl.backends.smt2_backend import SMT2Backend + + backend_instance = SMT2Backend(verify_timeout=verify_timeout, z3_path=z3_path) + + self.backend = backend_instance + self.max_attempts = max_attempts self.cache_dir = cache_dir or tempfile.gettempdir() @@ -117,31 +140,38 @@ def query( max_tokens=max_tokens, ) - if not gen_result.success or gen_result.json_program is None: - error_trace = gen_result.error or "Failed to generate JSON program" + if not gen_result.success or gen_result.program is None: + error_trace = ( + gen_result.error or f"Failed to generate {self.backend_type} program" + ) previous_response = gen_result.raw_response logger.warning(f"Generation failed: {error_trace}") continue # Save program to temporary file + file_extension = self.backend.get_file_extension() if program_path is None: temp_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile( mode="w", - suffix=".json", + suffix=file_extension, dir=self.cache_dir, delete=not save_program, ) - json_path = temp_file.name + program_file_path = temp_file.name else: - json_path = program_path + program_file_path = program_path - with open(json_path, "w") as f: - json.dump(gen_result.json_program, f, indent=2) + # Write program to file (format depends on backend) + with open(program_file_path, "w") as f: + if self.backend_type == "json": + json.dump(gen_result.program, f, indent=2) + else: # smt2 + f.write(gen_result.program) # type: ignore - logger.info(f"Generated program saved to: {json_path}") + logger.info(f"Generated program saved to: {program_file_path}") - # Execute Z3 verification - verify_result = self.verifier.verify(json_path) + # Execute via backend + verify_result = self.backend.execute(program_file_path) if not verify_result.success: error_trace = verify_result.error or "Z3 verification failed" @@ -167,7 +197,7 @@ def query( return QueryResult( question=question, answer=verify_result.answer, - json_program=gen_result.json_program, + json_program=gen_result.json_program, # For backward compatibility sat_count=verify_result.sat_count, unsat_count=verify_result.unsat_count, output=verify_result.output, diff --git a/z3dsl/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py b/z3dsl/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..20e666c --- /dev/null +++ b/z3dsl/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py @@ -0,0 +1,292 @@ +"""Prompt template for SMT-LIB 2.0 program generation.""" + +SMT2_INSTRUCTIONS = """ +**Instructions for Generating SMT-LIB 2.0 Programs for Theorem Proving** + +**Introduction** + +This document provides comprehensive guidelines for generating SMT-LIB 2.0 programs to solve complex reasoning tasks using the Z3 theorem prover. You will translate reasoning problems into structured SMT2 programs that can be executed directly by Z3. + +--- + +### **Important Guidelines** + +1. **SMT-LIB 2.0 Syntax** + - All commands must be S-expressions: `(command args...)` + - Comments start with `;` + - Whitespace is flexible but use consistent indentation + +2. **Program Structure** + ```smt2 + ; 1. Declare sorts + (declare-sort SortName 0) + + ; 2. Declare functions + (declare-fun function-name (ArgSort1 ArgSort2) ReturnSort) + + ; 3. Declare constants + (declare-const constant-name Sort) + + ; 4. Assert knowledge base (facts) + (assert fact1) + (assert fact2) + + ; 5. Check satisfiability + (check-sat) + (get-model) + ``` + +3. **Verification Semantics** + - `sat` = True: The constraint CAN be true given the knowledge base + - `unsat` = False: The constraint CONTRADICTS the knowledge base + - To verify a question, assert the scenario and check satisfiability + +--- + +### **SMT-LIB 2.0 Commands** + +**Sorts (Types):** +```smt2 +; Built-in sorts (no declaration needed) +Bool, Int, Real + +; Uninterpreted sort +(declare-sort Person 0) + +; Enumerated datatype +(declare-datatypes () ((Color (red) (green) (blue)))) + +; Bitvectors +(_ BitVec 8) ; 8-bit bitvector sort +``` + +**Functions:** +```smt2 +; Nullary function (constant) +(declare-fun age () Int) + +; Unary function +(declare-fun is-politician (Person) Bool) + +; Binary function +(declare-fun supports (Person Issue) Bool) +``` + +**Constants:** +```smt2 +(declare-const nancy-pelosi Person) +(declare-const abortion Issue) +(declare-const x Int) +``` + +**Assertions (Knowledge Base):** +```smt2 +(assert (is-politician nancy-pelosi)) +(assert (= (age nancy-pelosi) 84)) +(assert (> x 0)) +``` + +**Logical Operators:** +```smt2 +(and expr1 expr2 ...) ; Conjunction +(or expr1 expr2 ...) ; Disjunction +(not expr) ; Negation +(=> expr1 expr2) ; Implication +(ite cond then else) ; If-then-else +(distinct e1 e2 ...) ; All different +``` + +**Quantifiers:** +```smt2 +(forall ((x Int) (y Int)) (=> (> x y) (< y x))) +(exists ((p Person)) (is-politician p)) +``` + +**Arithmetic:** +```smt2 +(+ e1 e2 ...) ; Addition +(- e1 e2 ...) ; Subtraction +(* e1 e2 ...) ; Multiplication +(div e1 e2) ; Integer division +(mod e1 e2) ; Modulo +(= e1 e2) ; Equality +(< e1 e2) ; Less than +(<= e1 e2) ; Less than or equal +(> e1 e2) ; Greater than +(>= e1 e2) ; Greater than or equal +``` + +--- + +### **Verification Strategy** + +**CRITICAL: Create ONE Verification Per Question** + +When answering a question, assert the knowledge base, then assert the scenario being tested, and finally check satisfiability. + +**Question Type Strategies:** + +1. **"Would/Does X do Y?" or "Is X true?"** (Factual questions) + ```smt2 + ; Assert knowledge base + (assert (is-politician nancy-pelosi)) + (assert (is-democrat nancy-pelosi)) + (assert (forall ((p Person) (i Issue)) + (=> (and (is-democrat p) (supports p i)) + (not (publicly-denounce p i))))) + (assert (supports nancy-pelosi abortion)) + + ; Test: Would Pelosi denounce abortion? + (assert (publicly-denounce nancy-pelosi abortion)) + (check-sat) ; Expected: unsat (false) + ``` + +2. **"Can/Could X do Y?" or "Is it possible that X...?"** (Possibility questions) + ```smt2 + ; Assert knowledge base + (assert (forall ((f Animal)) + (=> (is-fish f) (can-breathe-underwater f)))) + + ; Test: Can fish breathe underwater? + (declare-const test-fish Animal) + (assert (is-fish test-fish)) + (assert (can-breathe-underwater test-fish)) + (check-sat) ; Expected: sat (true) + (get-model) + ``` + +3. **Comparison questions** + ```smt2 + (declare-const genghis-khan Person) + (declare-const julius-caesar Person) + (declare-fun num-descendants (Person) Int) + + (assert (= (num-descendants genghis-khan) 16000000)) + (assert (= (num-descendants julius-caesar) 5000000)) + + ; Test: Does Genghis Khan have more descendants? + (assert (> (num-descendants genghis-khan) + (num-descendants julius-caesar))) + (check-sat) ; Expected: sat (true) + ``` + +**CRITICAL RULES:** +- ✓ **DO**: Assert knowledge base, then assert the test scenario, then `(check-sat)` +- ✓ **DO**: Use `(get-model)` after `(check-sat)` to see example values +- ✗ **DON'T**: Create multiple `(check-sat)` commands testing opposite cases +- ✗ **DON'T**: Assert both a statement and its negation + +--- + +### **Common Patterns** + +**Universal Rules:** +```smt2 +(assert (forall ((p Person)) + (=> (is-law-enforcement p) + (can-arrest p)))) +``` + +**Existential Constraints:** +```smt2 +; Use declare-const + assert instead of exists +(declare-const witness Person) +(assert (and (is-politician witness) (is-honest witness))) +(check-sat) ; Tests if such a person can exist +``` + +**Implications:** +```smt2 +(assert (=> (is-fish animal-x) (can-swim animal-x))) +``` + +**Conditional Properties:** +```smt2 +(assert (forall ((p Person) (i Issue)) + (=> (supports p i) + (not (publicly-denounce p i))))) +``` + +--- + +### **Example: Complete Program** + +Question: "Would Nancy Pelosi publicly denounce abortion?" + +```smt2 +; Declare sorts +(declare-sort Person 0) +(declare-sort Issue 0) + +; Declare functions +(declare-fun is-politician (Person) Bool) +(declare-fun is-democrat (Person) Bool) +(declare-fun supports (Person Issue) Bool) +(declare-fun publicly-denounce (Person Issue) Bool) + +; Declare constants +(declare-const nancy-pelosi Person) +(declare-const abortion Issue) + +; Knowledge base +(assert (is-politician nancy-pelosi)) +(assert (is-democrat nancy-pelosi)) + +; Rule: Democrats don't denounce issues they support +(assert (forall ((p Person) (i Issue)) + (=> (and (is-democrat p) (supports p i)) + (not (publicly-denounce p i))))) + +; Fact: Pelosi supports abortion rights +(assert (supports nancy-pelosi abortion)) + +; Test: Would she denounce it? +(assert (publicly-denounce nancy-pelosi abortion)) + +; Check satisfiability +(check-sat) +; Expected: unsat (she would NOT denounce it) +``` + +--- + +### **Output Format** + +Your response MUST be wrapped in a markdown code block with the ```smt2``` tag: + +```smt2 +(declare-sort ...) +(declare-fun ...) +(assert ...) +(check-sat) +(get-model) +``` + +Do NOT output raw SMT2 without the markdown code block. The parser expects the SMT2 to be enclosed in ```smt2 ... ``` markers. + +--- + +**Task:** + +Think step by step and reason about the given question. Decompose the question into logical reasoning steps, declare the necessary sorts, functions, and constants, assert the knowledge base, and finally create a verification that tests the question. Ensure that: + +- All declarations come before their use +- Use proper SMT-LIB 2.0 syntax +- Create EXACTLY ONE `(check-sat)` that directly answers the question +- `sat` means True, `unsat` means False + +Answer the following question: + +""" + + +def build_smt2_prompt(question: str) -> str: + """Build the complete prompt for SMT2 program generation. + + Args: + question: The reasoning question to answer + + Returns: + Complete prompt string + """ + return SMT2_INSTRUCTIONS + f"\nQuestion: {question}" From 6de686cfb9ae42ff605c3e25ff6ce4335e58ba24 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DebarghaG Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2025 00:53:11 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 02/11] Adding some benchmarking code --- .gitignore | 3 + examples/ProntoQA_dev_gpt-4.json | 6502 ++++++++++++++++++ examples/ProntoQA_dev_processed.json | 3502 ++++++++++ examples/bench_folio.py | 151 + examples/bench_prontoqa.py | 128 + examples/bench_proofwriter.py | 155 + examples/bench_strategyqa.py | 72 + examples/proofwriter_test.parquet | Bin 0 -> 8682893 bytes examples/proofwriter_test_processed.json | 8002 ++++++++++++++++++++++ 9 files changed, 18515 insertions(+) create mode 100644 examples/ProntoQA_dev_gpt-4.json create mode 100644 examples/ProntoQA_dev_processed.json create mode 100644 examples/bench_folio.py create mode 100644 examples/bench_prontoqa.py create mode 100644 examples/bench_proofwriter.py create mode 100644 examples/bench_strategyqa.py create mode 100644 examples/proofwriter_test.parquet create mode 100644 examples/proofwriter_test_processed.json diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore index 2fe7747..eb546b6 100644 --- a/.gitignore +++ b/.gitignore @@ -1,4 +1,7 @@ outputs/* +output/* +examples/folio_v2_train.jsonl +examples/folio_v2_train_processed.json # Byte-compiled / optimized / DLL files __pycache__/ diff --git a/examples/ProntoQA_dev_gpt-4.json b/examples/ProntoQA_dev_gpt-4.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..592c58d --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/ProntoQA_dev_gpt-4.json @@ -0,0 +1,6502 @@ +[ + { + "id": "ProntoQA_1", + "context": "Jompuses are not shy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is aggressive. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not wooden. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are red. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is opaque. Impuses are tumpuses. Numpuses are sour. Tumpuses are not sour. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are earthy. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are small. Zumpuses are rompuses. Max is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is sour.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSour(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_2", + "context": "Every tumpus is not angry. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every numpus is not bright. Rompuses are not luminous. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not bitter. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are red. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is happy. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Each jompus is a wumpus. Stella is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is bright.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_3", + "context": "Vumpuses are floral. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are brown. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are small. Each wumpus is a rompus. Each zumpus is metallic. Every rompus is happy. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is amenable. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not metallic. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is bitter. Each numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is cold. Each jompus is a yumpus. Wren is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not metallic.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_4", + "context": "Rompuses are spicy. Every rompus is an impus. Yumpuses are not small. Impuses are orange. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not hot. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are metallic. Numpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not kind. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not bright. Every dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not shy. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Alex is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_5", + "context": "Rompuses are mean. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not happy. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not temperate. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not large. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is earthy. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are blue. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not dull. Wumpuses are impuses. Each vumpus is dull. Impuses are sour. Impuses are dumpuses. Alex is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not dull.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_6", + "context": "Every tumpus is large. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not opaque. Every dumpus is not dull. Every wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is brown. Each rompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is temperate. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is liquid. Each numpus is an impus. Impuses are spicy. Every impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not nervous. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Wren is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is dull.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_7", + "context": "Every rompus is orange. Every rompus is an impus. Vumpuses are happy. Every impus is spicy. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not kind. Numpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not bright. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not liquid. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not happy. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is earthy. Each zumpus is a jompus. Stella is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is happy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFacts:\nWumpus(Stella, True)\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nQuery:\nHappy(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_8", + "context": "Every jompus is sour. Each jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are not kind. Every rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is feisty. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are opaque. Wumpuses are impuses. Every yumpus is hot. Impuses are brown. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not hot. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is dull. Vumpuses are numpuses. Alex is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is hot.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHot(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_9", + "context": "Every dumpus is not shy. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Rompuses are not wooden. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not floral. Each wumpus is an impus. Impuses are bitter. Every impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are small. Each vumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is wooden. Each numpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is orange. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is amenable. Every jompus is a zumpus. Wren is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is wooden.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nWooden(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_10", + "context": "Every impus is earthy. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not amenable. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are wooden. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is temperate. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not shy. Every yumpus is sweet. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not sweet. Numpuses are tumpuses. Fae is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is sweet.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSweet(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_11", + "context": "Each jompus is not amenable. Wumpuses are not fruity. Every jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not shy. Every vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not bitter. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is orange. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Each zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are metallic. Every numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is large. Each tumpus is an impus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not fruity.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_12", + "context": "Each tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is cold. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Jompuses are floral. Every yumpus is not amenable. Each yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is opaque. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not floral. Impuses are wumpuses. Fae is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not floral.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFloral(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_13", + "context": "Each yumpus is opaque. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Dumpuses are floral. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is hot. Every zumpus is an impus. Each impus is large. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are spicy. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are amenable. Each numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are dull. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not metallic. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Max is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is dull.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_14", + "context": "Jompuses are large. Every jompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is sweet. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is hot. Each tumpus is opaque. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is brown. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not opaque. Wumpuses are impuses. Fae is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_15", + "context": "Jompuses are not small. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not kind. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are metallic. Vumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is fruity. Each numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are nervous. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is opaque. Every wumpus is dull. Each rompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is hot. Every zumpus is an impus. Every impus is not dull. Each impus is a yumpus. Sam is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_16", + "context": "Yumpuses are hot. Each yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are happy. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is not amenable. Every impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are opaque. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Numpuses are small. Tumpuses are orange. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not small. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is fruity. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not dull. Every jompus is a zumpus. Sally is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_17", + "context": "Each numpus is not nervous. Every numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are liquid. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are fruity. Zumpuses are not opaque. Each jompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is kind. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are opaque. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not small. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are dull. Rompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is temperate. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Fae is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_18", + "context": "Each dumpus is bright. Each dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is aggressive. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are brown. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Every impus is fruity. Every vumpus is sour. Every vumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not temperate. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are metallic. Zumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not fruity. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Sam is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is fruity.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_19", + "context": "Each numpus is not opaque. Each numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is feisty. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are fruity. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is wooden. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are blue. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is spicy. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not kind. Impuses are rompuses. Jompuses are not dull. Every rompus is dull. Each rompus is a vumpus. Sam is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nWumpuses($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nZumpuses($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_20", + "context": "Each yumpus is not small. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is opaque. Every dumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is shy. Each numpus is sour. Every jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is brown. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are dull. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not sour. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not luminous. Rompuses are impuses. Stella is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is sour.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSour(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_21", + "context": "Vumpuses are earthy. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not wooden. Dumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is kind. Each numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is small. Every rompus is a jompus. Every jompus is bright. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are orange. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are sour. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are transparent. Tumpuses are not orange. Each impus is a wumpus. Max is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is orange.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOrange(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_22", + "context": "Every wumpus is sour. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is aggressive. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is transparent. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are wooden. Each vumpus is a jompus. Each impus is not feisty. Every jompus is large. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are red. Numpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is feisty. Each rompus is a zumpus. Wren is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not feisty.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFeisty(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_23", + "context": "Every zumpus is not opaque. Each zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is amenable. Impuses are not bitter. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not cold. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is wooden. Every tumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is floral. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bitter. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not feisty. Wumpuses are jompuses. Sally is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is bitter.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBitter(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_24", + "context": "Every numpus is floral. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not nervous. Each jompus is an impus. Every impus is brown. Every dumpus is not amenable. Each impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not bitter. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not small. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are hot. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are amenable. Every rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is bright. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Alex is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is amenable.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAmenable(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_25", + "context": "Zumpuses are dull. Every vumpus is not transparent. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are blue. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are liquid. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not spicy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not dull. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is floral. Every yumpus is an impus. Impuses are hot. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is large. Jompuses are dumpuses. Sam is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_26", + "context": "Each numpus is fruity. Every numpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is dull. Every tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not orange. Each jompus is an impus. Each impus is not shy. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are sweet. Wumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not amenable. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is large. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Every vumpus is not large. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Rex is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is large.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_27", + "context": "Wumpuses are not sour. Each wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are dull. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is feisty. Jompuses are aggressive. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are hot. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are blue. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not aggressive. Impuses are yumpuses. Fae is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not aggressive.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAggressive(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_28", + "context": "Each impus is small. Each zumpus is not fruity. Every zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is bitter. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not wooden. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not temperate. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is dull. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not small. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is nervous. Each jompus is a vumpus. Alex is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_29", + "context": "Every jompus is liquid. Jompuses are rompuses. Every rompus is mean. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is transparent. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not earthy. Each dumpus is bright. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not bright. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is feisty. Numpuses are wumpuses. Max is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is bright.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_30", + "context": "Impuses are bright. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are mean. Every zumpus is not temperate. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are transparent. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is shy. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not blue. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not fruity. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are temperate. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are metallic. Rompuses are yumpuses. Fae is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is temperate.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Fae, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_31", + "context": "Each jompus is not small. Each wumpus is angry. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are temperate. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are brown. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are wooden. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not angry. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not dull. Every numpus is a vumpus. Wren is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not angry.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAngry(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_32", + "context": "Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not aggressive. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not wooden. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not nervous. Each jompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is temperate. Rompuses are wooden. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is blue. Impuses are yumpuses. Sally is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not wooden.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nWooden(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_33", + "context": "Every yumpus is not temperate. Yumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is large. Every rompus is an impus. Impuses are not blue. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are nervous. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are bright. Numpuses are not bright. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not fruity. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are mean. Vumpuses are jompuses. Stella is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not bright.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_34", + "context": "Impuses are bright. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are floral. Each rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is opaque. Yumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is red. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are bitter. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not mean. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not shy. Each wumpus is shy. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is temperate. Zumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is shy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nShy(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_35", + "context": "Each zumpus is not wooden. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not sour. Every vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is floral. Each jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are dull. Every impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is feisty. Numpuses are not orange. Every yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are orange. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not aggressive. Rompuses are tumpuses. Fae is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is orange.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOrange(Fae, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_36", + "context": "Every jompus is bright. Every jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is wooden. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are amenable. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are shy. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not small. Every rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are fruity. Each dumpus is not shy. Numpuses are vumpuses. Sally is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is shy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nShy(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_37", + "context": "Impuses are not fruity. Impuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not temperate. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Rompuses are not sweet. Dumpuses are kind. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are wooden. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are sweet. Tumpuses are jompuses. Wren is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is sweet.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSweet(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_38", + "context": "Vumpuses are wooden. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not transparent. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not bright. Each yumpus is an impus. Every rompus is happy. Impuses are not happy. Each impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are brown. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not sour. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not angry. Numpuses are tumpuses. Polly is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not happy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_39", + "context": "Each rompus is amenable. Each rompus is an impus. Impuses are happy. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are sour. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not large. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Yumpuses are not hot. Every vumpus is liquid. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are dumpuses. Stella is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not hot.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHot(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_40", + "context": "Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are red. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are bitter. Each numpus is a wumpus. Each impus is not amenable. Every wumpus is bright. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is temperate. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are floral. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Each tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is amenable. Every jompus is a zumpus. Sally is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is amenable.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAmenable(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_41", + "context": "Rompuses are transparent. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are earthy. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not large. Each jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not brown. Tumpuses are hot. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are bitter. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not shy. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not hot. Impuses are vumpuses. Max is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not hot.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHot(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_42", + "context": "Tumpuses are dull. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not sour. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are feisty. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are cold. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is transparent. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not amenable. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is orange. Each zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are earthy. Each impus is not orange. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wren is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not orange.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOrange(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_43", + "context": "Each impus is luminous. Every impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is shy. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not cold. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are large. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is angry. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not earthy. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not sour. Dumpuses are not angry. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not opaque. Rompuses are wumpuses. Polly is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is angry.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAngry(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_44", + "context": "Yumpuses are floral. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not temperate. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not dull. Impuses are not spicy. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not opaque. Each numpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is amenable. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not red. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are spicy. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are shy. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Rex is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not spicy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSpicy(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_45", + "context": "Dumpuses are cold. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not bitter. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are large. Each tumpus is not wooden. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is wooden. Impuses are rompuses. Fae is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is wooden.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nWooden(Fae, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_46", + "context": "Each rompus is nervous. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are angry. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are earthy. Every tumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not cold. Each numpus is an impus. Dumpuses are metallic. Impuses are dull. Each impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not opaque. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is blue. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not metallic. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Sally is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not metallic.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_47", + "context": "Vumpuses are fruity. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are opaque. Every jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is nervous. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is sour. Impuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not amenable. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not metallic. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are large. Every numpus is a rompus. Dumpuses are not cold. Each rompus is cold. Each rompus is a zumpus. Max is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not cold.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_48", + "context": "Tumpuses are fruity. Yumpuses are nervous. Yumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is large. Each numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is red. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are temperate. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is spicy. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are not metallic. Impuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is bright. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not fruity. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not fruity.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_49", + "context": "Wumpuses are dull. Wumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not cold. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are feisty. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are mean. Numpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not earthy. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is opaque. Impuses are liquid. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not liquid. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not spicy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Wren is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is liquid.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLiquid(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_50", + "context": "Jompuses are not blue. Each rompus is happy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not cold. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is liquid. Each wumpus is an impus. Each impus is kind. Every impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is bright. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is sour. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is small. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is blue. Every tumpus is a numpus. Fae is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not blue.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\n\nFacts:\nImpuses(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBlue(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_51", + "context": "Every zumpus is small. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is sweet. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not feisty. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not dull. Dumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is transparent. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not earthy. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is cold. Numpuses are not cold. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Max is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not cold.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpuses(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_52", + "context": "Every jompus is spicy. Every jompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not transparent. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are feisty. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not dull. Every wumpus is an impus. Every vumpus is not blue. Impuses are blue. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not floral. Each tumpus is a numpus. Polly is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is blue.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBlue(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_53", + "context": "Numpuses are kind. Each numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not wooden. Every zumpus is not dull. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not nervous. Each impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is hot. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is earthy. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Fae is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is dull.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpuses(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Fae, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_54", + "context": "Every tumpus is not transparent. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not large. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are angry. Vumpuses are impuses. Yumpuses are red. Impuses are happy. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are metallic. Each zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are dull. Rompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not red. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not sweet. Numpuses are dumpuses. Stella is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not red.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_55", + "context": "Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are blue. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are hot. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are luminous. Each vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are mean. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is not small. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not feisty. Yumpuses are not mean. Every rompus is a zumpus. Rex is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is mean.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMean(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_56", + "context": "Zumpuses are bright. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not kind. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are feisty. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is floral. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is hot. Rompuses are liquid. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not brown. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are bitter. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is not liquid. Impuses are yumpuses. Sam is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not liquid.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLiquid(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_57", + "context": "Rompuses are luminous. Yumpuses are feisty. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is not sour. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not fruity. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is blue. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not feisty. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are kind. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not large. Zumpuses are jompuses. Alex is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not feisty.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFeisty(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_58", + "context": "Tumpuses are kind. Every tumpus is an impus. Impuses are not dull. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not large. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is happy. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every dumpus is not fruity. Each wumpus is sweet. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are orange. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are transparent. Each numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are fruity. Every vumpus is a rompus. Fae is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not fruity.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_59", + "context": "Each rompus is mean. Every rompus is a wumpus. Each tumpus is nervous. Wumpuses are brown. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is large. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is dull. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are earthy. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not sour. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are transparent. Each impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not nervous. Dumpuses are jompuses. Max is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not nervous.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nNervous(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_60", + "context": "Wumpuses are large. Each wumpus is an impus. Each impus is not hot. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is earthy. Zumpuses are mean. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are liquid. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not mean. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Sam is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is mean.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMean(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_61", + "context": "Rompuses are amenable. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is bright. Vumpuses are nervous. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is sweet. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not nervous. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not liquid. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not small. Each impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not transparent. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Max is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not nervous.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nNervous(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_62", + "context": "Every zumpus is nervous. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is large. Dumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is brown. Vumpuses are transparent. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not bitter. Numpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is floral. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not transparent. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not bright. Every tumpus is an impus. Wren is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not transparent.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_63", + "context": "Numpuses are not mean. Each zumpus is not brown. Numpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not cold. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not happy. Every vumpus is an impus. Each impus is liquid. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Every jompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is spicy. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is fruity. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are brown. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Rex is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is brown.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBrown(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_64", + "context": "Tumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not earthy. Every rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is sweet. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is luminous. Zumpuses are impuses. Every numpus is temperate. Impuses are not temperate. Every impus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is red. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is kind. Every yumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is shy. Every jompus is a vumpus. Sam is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not temperate.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_65", + "context": "Each rompus is spicy. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is happy. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is blue. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not large. Every jompus is a wumpus. Every impus is angry. Each wumpus is not angry. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is dull. Every tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not luminous. Numpuses are yumpuses. Max is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is angry.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAngry(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_66", + "context": "Impuses are not large. Each impus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are floral. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not transparent. Each jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is nervous. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Rompuses are not sweet. Each vumpus is hot. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is mean. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are dull. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are sweet. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Sam is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not sweet.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSweet(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_67", + "context": "Numpuses are not mean. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is not fruity. Impuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is small. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is transparent. Each tumpus is a jompus. Wumpuses are not orange. Each jompus is not bright. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are orange. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is sweet. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are wooden. Every yumpus is a rompus. Sam is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is orange.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOrange(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_68", + "context": "Rompuses are large. Every rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not blue. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are cold. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is fruity. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is spicy. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each vumpus is not spicy. Zumpuses are not dull. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are liquid. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is opaque. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Wren is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is spicy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSpicy(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_69", + "context": "Each tumpus is not blue. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not transparent. Every vumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not fruity. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not nervous. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not liquid. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not cold. Zumpuses are cold. Each jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is aggressive. Each impus is a wumpus. Wren is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not cold.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_70", + "context": "Each jompus is earthy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are metallic. Each yumpus is an impus. Each dumpus is not transparent. Impuses are nervous. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is small. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not transparent.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_71", + "context": "Every rompus is cold. Each rompus is an impus. Every numpus is not dull. Each impus is large. Impuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is mean. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is floral. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are opaque. Every zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is dull. Each jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is shy. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is wooden. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Sally is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not dull.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_72", + "context": "Tumpuses are not small. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is aggressive. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is bright. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not liquid. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is orange. Every vumpus is an impus. Every impus is not transparent. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is fruity. Every zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is sour. Rompuses are not fruity. Numpuses are dumpuses. Sam is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is fruity.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_73", + "context": "Rompuses are bitter. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are nervous. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not blue. Dumpuses are not earthy. Every jompus is an impus. Impuses are bright. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are earthy. Every numpus is a vumpus. Wren is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not earthy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_74", + "context": "Vumpuses are sour. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is angry. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not small. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not blue. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not fruity. Wumpuses are fruity. Every rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are hot. Each numpus is an impus. Every impus is transparent. Every impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are wooden. Every dumpus is a jompus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not fruity.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_75", + "context": "Jompuses are bright. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Rompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is red. Each vumpus is a numpus. Every zumpus is not fruity. Every numpus is not spicy. Numpuses are impuses. Each impus is temperate. Every impus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is fruity. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are liquid. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are small. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Polly is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is fruity.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_76", + "context": "Zumpuses are not spicy. Each yumpus is cold. Yumpuses are impuses. Every impus is red. Impuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not feisty. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are angry. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is spicy. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not small. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is luminous. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Sally is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is spicy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nFacts:\nYumpus(Sally, True)\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nQuery:\nSpicy(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_77", + "context": "Jompuses are dull. Each jompus is a rompus. Each rompus is nervous. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is kind. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Tumpuses are not opaque. Each wumpus is bitter. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is fruity. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are wooden. Each impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is opaque. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is small. Vumpuses are numpuses. Sam is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_78", + "context": "Each impus is not happy. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is brown. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each jompus is not small. Dumpuses are not earthy. Every dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is transparent. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are kind. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is liquid. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are hot. Each tumpus is a numpus. Fae is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is small.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Fae, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_79", + "context": "Each impus is earthy. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is temperate. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are wooden. Each dumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not blue. Each numpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is large. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are dull. Tumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is nervous. Jompuses are zumpuses. Stella is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is blue.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBlue(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_80", + "context": "Each numpus is large. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are not cold. Impuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not floral. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not luminous. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Each rompus is not blue. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is happy. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are sour. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Each wumpus is a jompus. Sally is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is blue.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBlue(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_81", + "context": "Jompuses are not dull. Every wumpus is opaque. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not floral. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not luminous. Each numpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not orange. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Every zumpus is an impus. Every impus is spicy. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not temperate. Every rompus is a yumpus. Sam is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is dull.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_82", + "context": "Impuses are mean. Each impus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are hot. Every wumpus is a numpus. Jompuses are happy. Numpuses are fruity. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not dull. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not happy. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not opaque. Every vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are metallic. Each rompus is a zumpus. Rex is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not happy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_83", + "context": "Tumpuses are transparent. Each impus is cold. Impuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is sour. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not amenable. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are wooden. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not transparent. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are dull. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are large. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is floral. Each wumpus is a jompus. Wren is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_84", + "context": "Vumpuses are floral. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not spicy. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are orange. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is dull. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is amenable. Every yumpus is not opaque. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not feisty. Every impus is a jompus. Each jompus is opaque. Jompuses are numpuses. Rex is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_85", + "context": "Rompuses are not earthy. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not bitter. Every zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is dull. Jompuses are vumpuses. Numpuses are not transparent. Every vumpus is not kind. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are temperate. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is liquid. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are impuses. Sam is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not transparent.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\n\nFacts:\nVumpuses(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_86", + "context": "Zumpuses are luminous. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not spicy. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not fruity. Every vumpus is an impus. Each impus is small. Rompuses are not shy. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is temperate. Every yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is bright. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are amenable. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are shy. Dumpuses are numpuses. Stella is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not shy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nShy(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_87", + "context": "Numpuses are not fruity. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not orange. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are nervous. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Every impus is sour. Every vumpus is hot. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is small. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is mean. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not sour. Zumpuses are jompuses. Alex is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not sour.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSour(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_88", + "context": "Jompuses are spicy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Every impus is not liquid. Every vumpus is blue. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is fruity. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is aggressive. Every zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are opaque. Every rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is liquid. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Wren is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is liquid.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLiquid(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_89", + "context": "Tumpuses are sour. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each rompus is not brown. Each numpus is liquid. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are not small. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are brown. Jompuses are yumpuses. Max is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not brown.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBrown(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_90", + "context": "Each zumpus is not nervous. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is sweet. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not brown. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is large. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are fruity. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every impus is metallic. Wumpuses are not metallic. Every wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not transparent. Every numpus is a jompus. Max is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is metallic.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_91", + "context": "Numpuses are spicy. Dumpuses are not small. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not opaque. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are floral. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are cold. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not bright. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are nervous. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are mean. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are small. Zumpuses are rompuses. Wren is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_92", + "context": "Wumpuses are transparent. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are shy. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not red. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is metallic. Each impus is a numpus. Every numpus is fruity. Numpuses are jompuses. Tumpuses are not metallic. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are spicy. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Sally is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is metallic.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_93", + "context": "Every yumpus is not kind. Each yumpus is an impus. Every impus is not red. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are feisty. Each dumpus is not luminous. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is fruity. Every wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is spicy. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are luminous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not dull. Jompuses are vumpuses. Polly is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not luminous.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLuminous(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_94", + "context": "Dumpuses are wooden. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are orange. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is earthy. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are angry. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Tumpuses are not angry. Vumpuses are not spicy. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not hot. Every yumpus is an impus. Each impus is bright. Impuses are numpuses. Max is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is angry.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAngry(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_95", + "context": "Each impus is large. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is kind. Each dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are metallic. Each rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is blue. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Numpuses are feisty. Zumpuses are not feisty. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is floral. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Stella is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is feisty.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFeisty(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_96", + "context": "Each impus is sour. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is cold. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not luminous. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is earthy. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not mean. Each tumpus is bright. Each yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is orange. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not bright. Dumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is small. Jompuses are wumpuses. Fae is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is bright.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_97", + "context": "Tumpuses are large. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not transparent. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is sweet. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is brown. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not aggressive. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are dull. Each numpus is an impus. Impuses are not metallic. Each impus is a jompus. Every dumpus is not dull. Jompuses are not cold. Jompuses are wumpuses. Polly is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not dull.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_98", + "context": "Vumpuses are liquid. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is fruity. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is bright. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is happy. Each tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Every jompus is an impus. Impuses are cold. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are angry. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not orange. Every wumpus is not angry. Yumpuses are numpuses. Rex is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not angry.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAngry(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_99", + "context": "Dumpuses are cold. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is red. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are dull. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not kind. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are earthy. Every vumpus is an impus. Jompuses are not earthy. Impuses are not liquid. Impuses are wumpuses. Sam is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not earthy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_100", + "context": "Vumpuses are sour. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are bright. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not large. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are metallic. Each numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not angry. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not shy. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not opaque. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every zumpus is not blue. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are impuses. Alex is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is blue.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBlue(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_101", + "context": "Each zumpus is dull. Every impus is not shy. Each zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Every rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are metallic. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are fruity. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are shy. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is red. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not bitter. Jompuses are dumpuses. Sam is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not shy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nShy(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_102", + "context": "Each dumpus is not dull. Tumpuses are not spicy. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is large. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are blue. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is kind. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are cold. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not transparent. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Every yumpus is an impus. Rex is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not spicy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSpicy(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_103", + "context": "Every rompus is not liquid. Each rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not opaque. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are red. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not angry. Dumpuses are small. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not small. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are shy. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not bright. Every impus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not bitter. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Sally is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_104", + "context": "Yumpuses are not temperate. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are floral. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are mean. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not liquid. Each impus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is red. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not sour. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each rompus is not red. Each zumpus is large. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are opaque. Numpuses are tumpuses. Stella is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is red.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_105", + "context": "Tumpuses are wooden. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are feisty. Every impus is a rompus. Each rompus is large. Each rompus is a zumpus. Wumpuses are not brown. Every zumpus is not cold. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are brown. Every numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not floral. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not mean. Each jompus is a dumpus. Alex is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not brown.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBrown(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_106", + "context": "Rompuses are not dull. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is floral. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are hot. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not large. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is nervous. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are spicy. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are wooden. Every numpus is an impus. Every impus is angry. Tumpuses are not angry. Each impus is a yumpus. Max is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is angry.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAngry(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_107", + "context": "Every yumpus is not opaque. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are nervous. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not large. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are numpuses. Every wumpus is bitter. Each numpus is not bitter. Numpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not kind. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is wooden. Every jompus is a dumpus. Sally is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not bitter.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBitter(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_108", + "context": "Every zumpus is brown. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not dull. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Every numpus is not hot. Each yumpus is not earthy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are wooden. Every wumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is large. Every jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is amenable. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is hot. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are sweet. Rompuses are vumpuses. Wren is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not hot.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHot(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_109", + "context": "Wumpuses are dull. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not liquid. Each numpus is large. Every dumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not brown. Jompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is opaque. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not large. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are sour. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are impuses. Sally is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is large.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_110", + "context": "Tumpuses are temperate. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not blue. Every jompus is a rompus. Each rompus is earthy. Vumpuses are not opaque. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is opaque. Each wumpus is a numpus. Sally is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_111", + "context": "Every impus is metallic. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not sweet. Jompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not cold. Every numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not dull. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is red. Each wumpus is amenable. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are happy. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is fruity. Every yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not amenable. Rompuses are zumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is amenable.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAmenable(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_112", + "context": "Each rompus is not large. Every rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is fruity. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not metallic. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are cold. Dumpuses are not brown. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is sweet. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is brown. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Max is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not brown.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBrown(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_113", + "context": "Every rompus is wooden. Every zumpus is happy. Each zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are kind. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are spicy. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is large. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not wooden. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is transparent. Each yumpus is a numpus. Rex is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not wooden.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nWooden(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_114", + "context": "Every vumpus is liquid. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not aggressive. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is bright. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are opaque. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is hot. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is sweet. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are blue. Each dumpus is a jompus. Each zumpus is not sweet. Polly is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is sweet.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\n\nQuery:\nSweet(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_115", + "context": "Zumpuses are sweet. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are cold. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not blue. Jompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is floral. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Impuses are wooden. Every wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is nervous. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not wooden. Every numpus is a tumpus. Alex is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is wooden.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nWooden(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_116", + "context": "Each numpus is not dull. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not blue. Every jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not small. Each vumpus is an impus. Every impus is mean. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not opaque. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are floral. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are nervous. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every wumpus is not hot. Dumpuses are hot. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Sally is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not hot.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHot(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_117", + "context": "Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are yumpuses. Impuses are not angry. Yumpuses are not shy. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are blue. Each vumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is metallic. Each jompus is a rompus. Every rompus is not temperate. Every rompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is small. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bitter. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is angry. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Alex is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is angry.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAngry(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_118", + "context": "Each vumpus is hot. Each vumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is red. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is not opaque. Impuses are numpuses. Every zumpus is not sweet. Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are large. Each rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not bright. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is sweet. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is angry. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Sam is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not sweet.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSweet(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_119", + "context": "Zumpuses are not bitter. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is luminous. Each tumpus is an impus. Each impus is orange. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is floral. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not temperate. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Each yumpus is shy. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not shy. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not amenable. Dumpuses are numpuses. Max is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is shy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nShy(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_120", + "context": "Every impus is small. Impuses are rompuses. Each rompus is shy. Every rompus is a zumpus. Dumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are cold. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not opaque. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is luminous. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not fruity. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is red. Numpuses are jompuses. Stella is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not fruity.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_121", + "context": "Every dumpus is not cold. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is metallic. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are dull. Each rompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is floral. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not mean. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are small. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not transparent. Each jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is sour. Every vumpus is a numpus. Tumpuses are mean. Max is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not mean.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMean(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_122", + "context": "Rompuses are metallic. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are blue. Every dumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is fruity. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is mean. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not temperate. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not dull. Each impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not transparent. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Wumpuses are transparent. Zumpuses are not sweet. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Fae is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is transparent.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_123", + "context": "Jompuses are fruity. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not metallic. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is opaque. Each rompus is not aggressive. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are nervous. Every numpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is small. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not cold. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is aggressive. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Polly is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is aggressive.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAggressive(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_124", + "context": "Each yumpus is metallic. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are transparent. Every zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are floral. Every tumpus is not cold. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are happy. Each numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are cold. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not brown. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not bright. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is large. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Sam is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not cold.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_125", + "context": "Every zumpus is bright. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not bitter. Every yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is small. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are brown. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not feisty. Tumpuses are feisty. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not wooden. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is transparent. Every jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not cold. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Sally is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not feisty.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFeisty(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_126", + "context": "Impuses are not angry. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are transparent. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is sour. Wumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is orange. Each jompus is a dumpus. Every rompus is not floral. Every dumpus is floral. Dumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is luminous. Numpuses are vumpuses. Stella is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not floral.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFloral(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_127", + "context": "Jompuses are kind. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is bitter. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not large. Each vumpus is a numpus. Rompuses are nervous. Each numpus is not luminous. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not nervous. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not opaque. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is orange. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is bright. Every impus is a yumpus. Max is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is nervous.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nNervous(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_128", + "context": "Each yumpus is fruity. Every yumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is dull. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are nervous. Every zumpus is an impus. Each impus is large. Every impus is a vumpus. Tumpuses are temperate. Vumpuses are not temperate. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is wooden. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not red. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are amenable. Rompuses are numpuses. Sam is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is temperate.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_129", + "context": "Every numpus is not transparent. Numpuses are impuses. Every tumpus is sweet. Each impus is metallic. Impuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are large. Every yumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is angry. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not sweet. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is bright. Jompuses are rompuses. Wren is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not sweet.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSweet(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_130", + "context": "Dumpuses are opaque. Every numpus is bitter. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are blue. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not temperate. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are feisty. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not earthy. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not opaque. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is liquid. Rompuses are zumpuses. Polly is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not opaque.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_131", + "context": "Every yumpus is bitter. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is cold. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is kind. Every wumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not brown. Every numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is wooden. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is dull. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are large. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Jompuses are not dull. Vumpuses are impuses. Polly is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is dull.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_132", + "context": "Each vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not large. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is spicy. Each dumpus is a numpus. Each impus is blue. Numpuses are temperate. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not blue. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is happy. Each jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not amenable. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not floral. Wumpuses are rompuses. Polly is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not blue.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBlue(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_133", + "context": "Each yumpus is bright. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not red. Each zumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is kind. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are luminous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not bitter. Jompuses are impuses. Every dumpus is bitter. Each impus is feisty. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are numpuses. Wren is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not bitter.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBitter(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_134", + "context": "Each impus is not liquid. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are floral. Rompuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is happy. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are blue. Each wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is temperate. Each numpus is a tumpus. Zumpuses are not temperate. Each tumpus is not bitter. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is bright. Each jompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are mean. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Stella is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is temperate.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_135", + "context": "Wumpuses are not kind. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Yumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are not transparent. Vumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not small. Every impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is feisty. Each zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not bright. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not blue. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not liquid. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Alex is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not blue.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBlue(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_136", + "context": "Zumpuses are not fruity. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not bright. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not transparent. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are large. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is sour. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are cold. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is luminous. Impuses are not sour. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not nervous. Every numpus is a jompus. Sally is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not sour.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSour(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_137", + "context": "Each numpus is opaque. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are hot. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is bright. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is earthy. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is spicy. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is nervous. Every zumpus is an impus. Each impus is not liquid. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is not large. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each vumpus is liquid. Rex is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not liquid.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLiquid(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_138", + "context": "Rompuses are not angry. Every numpus is red. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are not bright. Every jompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is wooden. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are hot. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is feisty. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not transparent. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is not red. Every impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not large. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Sally is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is red.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_139", + "context": "Every zumpus is not hot. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not floral. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is aggressive. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not red. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not small. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is shy. Every tumpus is a numpus. Rompuses are small. Each numpus is metallic. Numpuses are impuses. Sam is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not small.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_140", + "context": "Each dumpus is large. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are cold. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Impuses are sour. Tumpuses are fruity. Every tumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not nervous. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not sour. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not luminous. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not dull. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not opaque. Every numpus is a vumpus. Stella is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is sour.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSour(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_141", + "context": "Every jompus is transparent. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are red. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Zumpuses are bright. Yumpuses are shy. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are kind. Each tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not bright. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is sweet. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is earthy. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are hot. Vumpuses are rompuses. Alex is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is bright.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_142", + "context": "Every zumpus is metallic. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not floral. Every wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are happy. Each numpus is an impus. Impuses are kind. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is large. Vumpuses are opaque. Each rompus is a jompus. Each jompus is cold. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not opaque. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Stella is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_143", + "context": "Every rompus is not brown. Rompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is mean. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are fruity. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not feisty. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are liquid. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not small. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not transparent. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Max is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is transparent.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_144", + "context": "Each impus is not large. Jompuses are fruity. Every jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are bitter. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is nervous. Every numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not angry. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are large. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not transparent. Every wumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not dull. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are wooden. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Wren is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not large.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_145", + "context": "Every wumpus is cold. Each wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is large. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not orange. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not earthy. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is kind. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is bright. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are luminous. Rompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is sour. Every jompus is not luminous. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Stella is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is luminous.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLuminous(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_146", + "context": "Each wumpus is happy. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are luminous. Every impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not angry. Each tumpus is not bright. Yumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is brown. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is bright. Each dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not large. Rompuses are vumpuses. Fae is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not bright.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_147", + "context": "Every rompus is opaque. Each rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are temperate. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not bright. Vumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is small. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not kind. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is red. Zumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not wooden. Every jompus is kind. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not sour. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Polly is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not kind.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nKind(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_148", + "context": "Jompuses are not temperate. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is not sour. Impuses are wumpuses. Every vumpus is dull. Wumpuses are mean. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are fruity. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are opaque. Each numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are feisty. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are metallic. Rompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not dull. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Fae is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not dull.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_149", + "context": "Tumpuses are shy. Each tumpus is a jompus. Dumpuses are not transparent. Every jompus is bright. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are large. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is liquid. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are brown. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not bitter. Each vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Every rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are cold. Every numpus is a yumpus. Stella is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is transparent.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_150", + "context": "Each impus is transparent. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is spicy. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are orange. Every rompus is not small. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not earthy. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are amenable. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are small. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not feisty. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Each vumpus is a numpus. Alex is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is small.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_151", + "context": "Each zumpus is sour. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is temperate. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each rompus is shy. Every numpus is not wooden. Each numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are amenable. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not shy. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is dull. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is small. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is brown. Each tumpus is an impus. Sally is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is shy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nShy(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_152", + "context": "Every jompus is bright. Every jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are floral. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not temperate. Each yumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is sweet. Each numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are mean. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not feisty. Every impus is not transparent. Each rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are large. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Wren is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_153", + "context": "Each jompus is brown. Yumpuses are dull. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are hot. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not luminous. Each dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is sweet. Every rompus is a numpus. Each numpus is not dull. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not floral. Zumpuses are impuses. Sally is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not dull.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_154", + "context": "Wumpuses are not opaque. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are fruity. Every yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is kind. Each jompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is sweet. Every rompus is brown. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is hot. Impuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not brown. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not bright. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are happy. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Sam is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not brown.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBrown(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_155", + "context": "Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are mean. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is liquid. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is hot. Every zumpus is an impus. Every impus is large. Impuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not bitter. Vumpuses are numpuses. Tumpuses are not large. Numpuses are dull. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is shy. Every jompus is a dumpus. Sam is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not large.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_156", + "context": "Each impus is bright. Each impus is a rompus. Each rompus is not bitter. Each rompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not shy. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are red. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are transparent. Each jompus is a numpus. Each tumpus is small. Each numpus is not mean. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are hot. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Wren is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not small.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_157", + "context": "Numpuses are cold. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not bright. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Each jompus is not happy. Every yumpus is sweet. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not red. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not angry. Every rompus is an impus. Every impus is not opaque. Impuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is happy. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Polly is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not happy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_158", + "context": "Yumpuses are not earthy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not feisty. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every zumpus is not spicy. Dumpuses are hot. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not brown. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are amenable. Every numpus is an impus. Impuses are spicy. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Jompuses are vumpuses. Sam is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not spicy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSpicy(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_159", + "context": "Each impus is blue. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is liquid. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not spicy. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is feisty. Each yumpus is a numpus. Tumpuses are earthy. Each numpus is kind. Every numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not earthy. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is dull. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are jompuses. Alex is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not earthy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_160", + "context": "Each rompus is small. Every rompus is a numpus. Each numpus is dull. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are earthy. Yumpuses are impuses. Each impus is sour. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are liquid. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not brown. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is nervous. Dumpuses are not nervous. Every zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are aggressive. Jompuses are vumpuses. Wren is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not nervous.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nNervous(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_161", + "context": "Every wumpus is opaque. Yumpuses are not red. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is spicy. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not cold. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are bright. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are nervous. Numpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not large. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are metallic. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are red. Impuses are zumpuses. Max is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is red.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_162", + "context": "Dumpuses are not earthy. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Each rompus is not mean. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not brown. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not temperate. Every numpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is bitter. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are shy. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are wooden. Each impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is mean. Every wumpus is a jompus. Wren is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not mean.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMean(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_163", + "context": "Numpuses are dull. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not hot. Each jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is sour. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not transparent. Impuses are dumpuses. Yumpuses are not metallic. Dumpuses are not blue. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are amenable. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is metallic. Each zumpus is a rompus. Stella is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is metallic.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_164", + "context": "Dumpuses are metallic. Every dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is earthy. Every rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is aggressive. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is nervous. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is cold. Every tumpus is sweet. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not sweet. Vumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is dull. Every numpus is a jompus. Each jompus is small. Every jompus is an impus. Stella is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not sweet.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSweet(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_165", + "context": "Each jompus is not wooden. Each jompus is a rompus. Each rompus is floral. Each rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not cold. Each zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are amenable. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not opaque. Tumpuses are feisty. Each vumpus is an impus. Every impus is not bright. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are brown. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not feisty. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Fae is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not feisty.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFeisty(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_166", + "context": "Every dumpus is not luminous. Dumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not amenable. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is red. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not opaque. Numpuses are sour. Each wumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is small. Every jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are cold. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not sour. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not floral. Each vumpus is a rompus. Polly is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not sour.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSour(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_167", + "context": "Each tumpus is not feisty. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are small. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is aggressive. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not orange. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not bright. Each jompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is floral. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is liquid. Each impus is bright. Each vumpus is a rompus. Stella is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not bright.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_168", + "context": "Vumpuses are wooden. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not brown. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not large. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is bright. Every numpus is an impus. Impuses are not floral. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is sweet. Every jompus is floral. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is nervous. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not hot. Each rompus is a yumpus. Wren is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is floral.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFloral(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_169", + "context": "Each impus is not bitter. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Each wumpus is fruity. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not large. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is bright. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is liquid. Each vumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not fruity. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are temperate. Each yumpus is a numpus. Sam is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is fruity.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_170", + "context": "Tumpuses are not metallic. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not dull. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are aggressive. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are brown. Rompuses are not brown. Wumpuses are numpuses. Max is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not brown.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBrown(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_171", + "context": "Yumpuses are dull. Every yumpus is an impus. Impuses are aggressive. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are opaque. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Each jompus is a dumpus. Each numpus is metallic. Every dumpus is not metallic. Dumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not feisty. Rompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is cold. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are earthy. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Polly is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not metallic.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_172", + "context": "Each zumpus is not temperate. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are large. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is feisty. Tumpuses are not opaque. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is floral. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are opaque. Rompuses are numpuses. Rex is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_173", + "context": "Each dumpus is fruity. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not orange. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not liquid. Every impus is not cold. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are feisty. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not bright. Every yumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is cold. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are amenable. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not transparent. Each zumpus is a numpus. Sally is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not cold.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_174", + "context": "Impuses are not temperate. Wumpuses are kind. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are orange. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is liquid. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are earthy. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is small. Every tumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not kind. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are feisty. Every yumpus is a rompus. Polly is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is kind.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nKind(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_175", + "context": "Each rompus is wooden. Each rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are amenable. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are cold. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is not floral. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each tumpus is nervous. Every yumpus is not large. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not nervous. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Stella is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is nervous.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nNervous(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_176", + "context": "Every wumpus is not luminous. Each dumpus is spicy. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is bright. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are kind. Numpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not earthy. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not spicy. Each jompus is an impus. Each impus is feisty. Every impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is temperate. Yumpuses are rompuses. Sally is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not spicy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSpicy(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_177", + "context": "Impuses are bitter. Tumpuses are not bright. Every impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not transparent. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are small. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is feisty. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are bright. Numpuses are zumpuses. Rex is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is bright.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_178", + "context": "Impuses are not temperate. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are happy. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not small. Every jompus is a zumpus. Every numpus is metallic. Zumpuses are not amenable. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are sour. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not bright. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is transparent. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not metallic. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Polly is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is metallic.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_179", + "context": "Every rompus is sour. Rompuses are impuses. Yumpuses are opaque. Impuses are feisty. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is orange. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not large. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not opaque. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are metallic. Numpuses are dumpuses. Wren is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not opaque.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nZumpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_180", + "context": "Impuses are not floral. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are sweet. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not shy. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are mean. Every rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not transparent. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are luminous. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not orange. Vumpuses are not luminous. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Max is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not luminous.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLuminous(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_181", + "context": "Every numpus is not small. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are sour. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are red. Every wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is fruity. Each tumpus is not kind. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not hot. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not opaque. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is happy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are kind. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Rex is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not kind.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nKind(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_182", + "context": "Tumpuses are fruity. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is liquid. Each dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are sour. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not cold. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are brown. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are happy. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is large. Each yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not mean. Every rompus is a zumpus. Each impus is not large. Sam is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is large.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_183", + "context": "Impuses are not metallic. Impuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bright. Every yumpus is a jompus. Wumpuses are opaque. Every jompus is not large. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not earthy. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is bitter. Vumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not opaque. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is kind. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are zumpuses. Fae is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_184", + "context": "Each impus is small. Every impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is fruity. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is transparent. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are wooden. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is dull. Yumpuses are not angry. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are angry. Each tumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not hot. Every numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is nervous. Each rompus is a jompus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not angry.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAngry(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_185", + "context": "Tumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are sweet. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not transparent. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is angry. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are happy. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are brown. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not large. Impuses are not happy. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are dumpuses. Polly is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not happy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_186", + "context": "Numpuses are not small. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is opaque. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Each vumpus is fruity. Every dumpus is not temperate. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are spicy. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is luminous. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is brown. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are nervous. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not fruity. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Sally is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is fruity.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nFacts:\nWumpus(Sally, True)\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nQuery:\nFruity(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_187", + "context": "Each zumpus is liquid. Dumpuses are not bitter. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is cold. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is nervous. Rompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is blue. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are transparent. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not floral. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is bitter. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is aggressive. Each wumpus is a numpus. Sam is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is bitter.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBitter(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_188", + "context": "Every impus is bright. Every impus is a jompus. Every jompus is not opaque. Every jompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is small. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is happy. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not cold. Each yumpus is a numpus. Each wumpus is cold. Numpuses are blue. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not sour. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are fruity. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Stella is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not cold.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_189", + "context": "Each impus is nervous. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are wooden. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Zumpuses are dull. Each tumpus is not transparent. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are sweet. Each rompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not dull. Vumpuses are jompuses. Wren is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is dull.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_190", + "context": "Yumpuses are not bitter. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not brown. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are temperate. Each impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not transparent. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not nervous. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not small. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are wooden. Each tumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is earthy. Each rompus is a vumpus. Every zumpus is nervous. Max is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is nervous.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nNervous(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_191", + "context": "Every dumpus is spicy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is liquid. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not happy. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not hot. Every impus is a numpus. Each numpus is angry. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not opaque. Wumpuses are happy. Jompuses are tumpuses. Fae is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is happy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_192", + "context": "Numpuses are not wooden. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are small. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not floral. Rompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is blue. Jompuses are not dull. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is dull. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Sam is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_193", + "context": "Every numpus is not kind. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are nervous. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Wumpuses are not red. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not wooden. Each rompus is an impus. Every impus is dull. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is sweet. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is red. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Wren is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not red.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_194", + "context": "Rompuses are small. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not bright. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is cold. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Each jompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are liquid. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not angry. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Every wumpus is not earthy. Max is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not earthy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_195", + "context": "Every rompus is not transparent. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is luminous. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is hot. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not fruity. Zumpuses are not spicy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are small. Wumpuses are impuses. Every impus is spicy. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not kind. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Fae is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not spicy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSpicy(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_196", + "context": "Vumpuses are not hot. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not small. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Numpuses are not feisty. Yumpuses are sour. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not orange. Jompuses are rompuses. Every rompus is feisty. Each rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is mean. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not dull. Dumpuses are impuses. Fae is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not feisty.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFeisty(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_197", + "context": "Jompuses are kind. Every vumpus is feisty. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is temperate. Every zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are small. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is earthy. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are liquid. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are dull. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is red. Every tumpus is an impus. Each impus is not kind. Each impus is a yumpus. Alex is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is kind.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nKind(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_198", + "context": "Each jompus is floral. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are feisty. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not amenable. Every tumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is temperate. Each numpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not small. Every wumpus is an impus. Impuses are not spicy. Yumpuses are small. Every impus is a rompus. Each rompus is transparent. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is brown. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Wren is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_199", + "context": "Zumpuses are not large. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not orange. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Every jompus is a rompus. Every rompus is metallic. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is mean. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is sweet. Numpuses are impuses. Each impus is temperate. Impuses are yumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Each yumpus is not opaque. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Alex is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_200", + "context": "Zumpuses are orange. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is temperate. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is fruity. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are vumpuses. Jompuses are transparent. Each vumpus is not transparent. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rex is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not transparent.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_201", + "context": "Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is happy. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is blue. Zumpuses are impuses. Each tumpus is not wooden. Every impus is floral. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not bright. Dumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not bitter. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not opaque. Each wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is wooden. Every rompus is a numpus. Sally is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not wooden.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nWooden(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_202", + "context": "Tumpuses are temperate. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is orange. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is shy. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are bright. Every zumpus is a rompus. Every numpus is opaque. Rompuses are small. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not floral. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is aggressive. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not opaque. Every vumpus is a jompus. Wren is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_203", + "context": "Each tumpus is liquid. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not temperate. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are angry. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are red. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is shy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not spicy. Numpuses are impuses. Every jompus is not shy. Impuses are not earthy. Each impus is a wumpus. Alex is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is shy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nShy(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_204", + "context": "Jompuses are red. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not dull. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is hot. Every yumpus is an impus. Dumpuses are not feisty. Each impus is spicy. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is feisty. Rompuses are tumpuses. Sam is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not feisty.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFeisty(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_205", + "context": "Impuses are hot. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not kind. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are nervous. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not fruity. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Wumpuses are fruity. Each dumpus is not wooden. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not blue. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Stella is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is fruity.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_206", + "context": "Every wumpus is wooden. Every wumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is sour. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a jompus. Each jompus is cold. Jompuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is blue. Each vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are angry. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are fruity. Dumpuses are not fruity. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is happy. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Polly is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is fruity.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpuses(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_207", + "context": "Numpuses are transparent. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are red. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Each jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is metallic. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are floral. Each dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is angry. Rompuses are tumpuses. Impuses are not floral. Sally is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not floral.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\n\nQuery:\nFloral(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_208", + "context": "Impuses are not fruity. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is cold. Wumpuses are not orange. Vumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is wooden. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are opaque. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is sour. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not small. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is nervous. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are orange. Every jompus is a dumpus. Max is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not orange.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOrange(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_209", + "context": "Each tumpus is sweet. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not transparent. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Every numpus is not earthy. Dumpuses are blue. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not large. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is angry. Every yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not metallic. Every rompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is earthy. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Polly is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is earthy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_210", + "context": "Zumpuses are wooden. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Each dumpus is not hot. Yumpuses are sour. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not opaque. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is fruity. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are happy. Each vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are hot. Every rompus is an impus. Every impus is kind. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not orange. Each numpus is a jompus. Fae is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not hot.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHot(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_211", + "context": "Each zumpus is earthy. Every rompus is not spicy. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not happy. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are liquid. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is large. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not earthy. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is aggressive. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is brown. Yumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is bright. Each jompus is a numpus. Alex is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not earthy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_212", + "context": "Every tumpus is red. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is sweet. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are small. Every vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not aggressive. Zumpuses are temperate. Each jompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is bright. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not temperate. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not luminous. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are opaque. Every yumpus is an impus. Stella is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not temperate.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_213", + "context": "Jompuses are not bright. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bitter. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are hot. Tumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not brown. Every impus is a numpus. Every yumpus is wooden. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not opaque. Every rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are aggressive. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not wooden. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Rex is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not wooden.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nWooden(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_214", + "context": "Every vumpus is not blue. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are floral. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is cold. Every impus is not nervous. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are nervous. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Each tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are sweet. Jompuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not amenable. Rompuses are dumpuses. Sally is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is nervous.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpuses(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nNervous(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_215", + "context": "Every wumpus is brown. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is dull. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is small. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Yumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are earthy. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not temperate. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is kind. Every numpus is an impus. Max is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not earthy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_216", + "context": "Impuses are dull. Impuses are rompuses. Vumpuses are not aggressive. Rompuses are not spicy. Each rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are nervous. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not opaque. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are floral. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are small. Each numpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is blue. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is aggressive. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Max is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is aggressive.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAggressive(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_217", + "context": "Numpuses are kind. Each numpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not opaque. Yumpuses are jompuses. Each vumpus is metallic. Jompuses are not temperate. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is sour. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not metallic. Every tumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not brown. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is not dull. Each impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not feisty. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Sally is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not metallic.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_218", + "context": "Every vumpus is not sour. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not happy. Rompuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not temperate. Numpuses are not transparent. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are liquid. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are orange. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are floral. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Fae is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is transparent.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpuses(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Fae, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_219", + "context": "Zumpuses are hot. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is dull. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is small. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not nervous. Yumpuses are not transparent. Every vumpus is an impus. Every impus is not red. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not floral. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is transparent. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not spicy. Each jompus is a numpus. Wren is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_220", + "context": "Zumpuses are shy. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Dumpuses are not luminous. Yumpuses are not earthy. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not aggressive. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are transparent. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not sour. Each wumpus is an impus. Each impus is not hot. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is not small. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are luminous. Vumpuses are rompuses. Stella is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not luminous.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLuminous(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_221", + "context": "Every vumpus is feisty. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not spicy. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are large. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Tumpuses are fruity. Each zumpus is hot. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is kind. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not fruity. Each impus is a jompus. Stella is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is fruity.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_222", + "context": "Yumpuses are nervous. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not earthy. Wumpuses are impuses. Zumpuses are metallic. Each impus is hot. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are small. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are sweet. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not metallic. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is red. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are bright. Rompuses are numpuses. Stella is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not metallic.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_223", + "context": "Dumpuses are bright. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not floral. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are small. Impuses are numpuses. Wumpuses are not luminous. Each numpus is orange. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is cold. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are nervous. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is luminous. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Polly is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not luminous.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLuminous(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_224", + "context": "Each jompus is nervous. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not brown. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are fruity. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are luminous. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are kind. Every impus is a rompus. Yumpuses are cold. Each rompus is not cold. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not bitter. Tumpuses are numpuses. Sally is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is cold.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_225", + "context": "Every tumpus is not amenable. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is feisty. Every impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is cold. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are sweet. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Yumpuses are not large. Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are bright. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is blue. Each rompus is a jompus. Each jompus is luminous. Jompuses are zumpuses. Sam is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is large.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_226", + "context": "Dumpuses are metallic. Impuses are not shy. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not fruity. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not blue. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not metallic. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is sweet. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not opaque. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not kind. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Stella is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is metallic.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpuses(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_227", + "context": "Numpuses are opaque. Every numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is aggressive. Rompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not floral. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is bright. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are temperate. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is wooden. Vumpuses are not nervous. Dumpuses are impuses. Every impus is nervous. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is large. Each jompus is a zumpus. Sam is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not nervous.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nNervous(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_228", + "context": "Each zumpus is bitter. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not angry. Every vumpus is an impus. Numpuses are not transparent. Every impus is hot. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is not liquid. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is feisty. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is floral. Each jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is bright. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Alex is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not transparent.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_229", + "context": "Every wumpus is not aggressive. Every wumpus is a rompus. Tumpuses are cold. Every rompus is large. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not sour. Yumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not opaque. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not cold. Each dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not red. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not bright. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not wooden. Every vumpus is a numpus. Alex is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not cold.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_230", + "context": "Every tumpus is not kind. Every impus is liquid. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is shy. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is orange. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not bright. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are spicy. Vumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is cold. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are kind. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Every jompus is a yumpus. Rex is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is kind.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nKind(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_231", + "context": "Vumpuses are wooden. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not large. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is bitter. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not transparent. Each rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not nervous. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is dull. Wumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is angry. Every jompus is a zumpus. Each numpus is not dull. Every zumpus is not fruity. Each zumpus is an impus. Sam is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_232", + "context": "Yumpuses are not large. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is nervous. Every tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is temperate. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is brown. Each dumpus is not opaque. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are bright. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are metallic. Every numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not angry. Rompuses are wumpuses. Max is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_233", + "context": "Wumpuses are opaque. Every wumpus is an impus. Dumpuses are large. Impuses are red. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is temperate. Every numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is floral. Each tumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not large. Every rompus is a jompus. Rex is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not large.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_234", + "context": "Every impus is transparent. Impuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is angry. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not orange. Each dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are feisty. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not earthy. Every rompus is earthy. Each numpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is temperate. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is small. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not metallic. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Stella is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not earthy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_235", + "context": "Each tumpus is temperate. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is opaque. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are brown. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Every jompus is not happy. Yumpuses are dull. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is happy. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not bitter. Zumpuses are impuses. Stella is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not happy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_236", + "context": "Yumpuses are not orange. Jompuses are liquid. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are sour. Vumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is earthy. Every rompus is an impus. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not small. Each numpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is orange. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not amenable. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are temperate. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Fae is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is orange.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOrange(Fae, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_237", + "context": "Impuses are dull. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not small. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not happy. Each numpus is a tumpus. Every rompus is cold. Tumpuses are kind. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not earthy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not cold. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is cold.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_238", + "context": "Wumpuses are spicy. Tumpuses are not small. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not floral. Each dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are angry. Every rompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are happy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are metallic. Zumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not orange. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is small. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are cold. Jompuses are yumpuses. Polly is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is small.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_239", + "context": "Tumpuses are fruity. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not hot. Every impus is not spicy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not luminous. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not shy. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is spicy. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are orange. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is dull. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Numpuses are wumpuses. Alex is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not spicy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSpicy(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_240", + "context": "Wumpuses are feisty. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are kind. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are liquid. Each jompus is an impus. Each impus is transparent. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not dull. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are temperate. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each zumpus is not spicy. Every vumpus is blue. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is spicy. Every dumpus is a rompus. Alex is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is spicy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSpicy(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_241", + "context": "Each dumpus is spicy. Every dumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is large. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are transparent. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are liquid. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are nervous. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not temperate. Each vumpus is a numpus. Zumpuses are not orange. Each numpus is kind. Every numpus is a rompus. Sally is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not orange.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOrange(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_242", + "context": "Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is luminous. Numpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is floral. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are transparent. Every impus is a rompus. Dumpuses are blue. Rompuses are not blue. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are nervous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not dull. Each jompus is a vumpus. Wren is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not blue.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBlue(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_243", + "context": "Tumpuses are bright. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are mean. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is transparent. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are red. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not luminous. Each vumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not feisty. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is temperate. Every impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not fruity. Every wumpus is a numpus. Dumpuses are feisty. Max is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is feisty.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFeisty(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_244", + "context": "Rompuses are shy. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are sour. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is blue. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not fruity. Every impus is a vumpus. Every tumpus is transparent. Each vumpus is luminous. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not transparent. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is temperate. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not dull. Each wumpus is a numpus. Wren is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not transparent.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_245", + "context": "Every tumpus is not liquid. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is blue. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Vumpuses are not large. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are hot. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are sour. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is dull. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are large. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is fruity. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Rex is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is large.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_246", + "context": "Each dumpus is opaque. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not hot. Every impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is spicy. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is floral. Zumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not red. Each rompus is red. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are wooden. Yumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is feisty. Each jompus is a tumpus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not red.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_247", + "context": "Rompuses are earthy. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not sour. Zumpuses are not brown. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not temperate. Each dumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is brown. Numpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is large. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Sam is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is brown.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBrown(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_248", + "context": "Vumpuses are fruity. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not dull. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not orange. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is shy. Each dumpus is a numpus. Every jompus is not sour. Each numpus is sour. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not large. Yumpuses are impuses. Polly is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is sour.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSour(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_249", + "context": "Numpuses are not dull. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is earthy. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are orange. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not liquid. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not happy. Every vumpus is an impus. Every impus is not small. Impuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is angry. Each zumpus is a rompus. Tumpuses are small. Stella is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_250", + "context": "Every yumpus is mean. Every yumpus is an impus. Impuses are cold. Each impus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is nervous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are dumpuses. Every vumpus is not wooden. Each dumpus is wooden. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Each rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is dull. Numpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not sour. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Stella is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is wooden.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nWooden(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_251", + "context": "Every tumpus is not hot. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not bright. Every zumpus is kind. Every vumpus is an impus. Every impus is earthy. Every impus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is bitter. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are red. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not nervous. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not kind. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not small. Rompuses are jompuses. Sam is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is kind.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nKind(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_252", + "context": "Each dumpus is large. Jompuses are not blue. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is earthy. Each zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is bitter. Each numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is opaque. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are blue. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not cold. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is angry. Each vumpus is an impus. Every impus is luminous. Impuses are tumpuses. Alex is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is blue.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBlue(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_253", + "context": "Vumpuses are red. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is aggressive. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not sweet. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not floral. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not large. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are metallic. Impuses are large. Dumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is cold. Every numpus is a wumpus. Fae is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not large.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_254", + "context": "Tumpuses are floral. Every tumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not transparent. Each numpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is temperate. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are aggressive. Every impus is a yumpus. Each rompus is bright. Yumpuses are not brown. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is sour. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not bright. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are large. Every dumpus is a jompus. Max is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is bright.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_255", + "context": "Every impus is kind. Each impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not nervous. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not large. Every yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is opaque. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are bright. Each jompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is bitter. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not fruity. Each numpus is a vumpus. Zumpuses are not bitter. Vumpuses are wooden. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Max is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not bitter.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBitter(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_256", + "context": "Tumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are not small. Every tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are angry. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are bright. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is spicy. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are happy. Every impus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is liquid. Each dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are wumpuses. Sam is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_257", + "context": "Every jompus is floral. Jompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is orange. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Each dumpus is an impus. Every impus is not small. Impuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not feisty. Numpuses are wumpuses. Every yumpus is not kind. Wumpuses are kind. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are sour. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Every vumpus is a rompus. Max is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is kind.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nKind(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_258", + "context": "Wumpuses are orange. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is cold. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not mean. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are luminous. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is nervous. Every impus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is transparent. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Each tumpus is not dull. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not bitter. Rompuses are vumpuses. Wren is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not dull.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_259", + "context": "Yumpuses are fruity. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are large. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Dumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is feisty. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not sweet. Every numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is an impus. Every impus is not blue. Each impus is a zumpus. Each jompus is sweet. Sally is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is sweet.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSweet(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_260", + "context": "Each impus is not orange. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not happy. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not opaque. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are temperate. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is floral. Wumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is large. Rompuses are wooden. Each jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not wooden. Every tumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not dull. Every numpus is a dumpus. Max is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not wooden.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nWooden(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_261", + "context": "Each tumpus is mean. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Dumpuses are dull. Every dumpus is an impus. Impuses are transparent. Every impus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not fruity. Every wumpus is a jompus. Alex is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not fruity.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_262", + "context": "Every vumpus is large. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is amenable. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not luminous. Each rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is cold. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are dull. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is sour. Jompuses are impuses. Yumpuses are not cold. Impuses are opaque. Each impus is a wumpus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is cold.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_263", + "context": "Each impus is bright. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is amenable. Each zumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is orange. Every rompus is a jompus. Wumpuses are floral. Jompuses are luminous. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not floral. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Every yumpus is a numpus. Sally is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is floral.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFloral(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_264", + "context": "Vumpuses are floral. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is brown. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not liquid. Every zumpus is an impus. Impuses are not kind. Each impus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is transparent. Every tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are feisty. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are sweet. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not bright. Rompuses are dumpuses. Jompuses are bright. Max is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not bright.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_265", + "context": "Wumpuses are liquid. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is small. Each dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are bitter. Each tumpus is a numpus. Zumpuses are not fruity. Numpuses are fruity. Each numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is hot. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not shy. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not bright. Impuses are jompuses. Sally is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not fruity.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_266", + "context": "Every wumpus is amenable. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are luminous. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is large. Every yumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is sweet. Every numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are happy. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Jompuses are not temperate. Each dumpus is floral. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is temperate. Rompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are impuses. Rex is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is temperate.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_267", + "context": "Vumpuses are not angry. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are nervous. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are red. Every dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not hot. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not small. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not earthy. Every tumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is bright. Each impus is not opaque. Rompuses are yumpuses. Polly is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_268", + "context": "Yumpuses are not liquid. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not floral. Each numpus is an impus. Every impus is not bitter. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not shy. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not orange. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are small. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Vumpuses are not cold. Wumpuses are cold. Each wumpus is a rompus. Alex is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not cold.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_269", + "context": "Impuses are not fruity. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is dull. Every jompus is opaque. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is spicy. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is small. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not feisty. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not opaque. Numpuses are rompuses. Max is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_270", + "context": "Tumpuses are not wooden. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not cold. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are sour. Zumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is opaque. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are feisty. Every yumpus is not bright. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is red. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is small. Rompuses are jompuses. Wren is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not bright.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\n\nFacts:\nVumpuses(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_271", + "context": "Each rompus is small. Each jompus is angry. Each jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not nervous. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are temperate. Numpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not small. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Sally is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not small.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_272", + "context": "Jompuses are feisty. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are kind. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are bitter. Rompuses are not cold. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is orange. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is dull. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is cold. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Alex is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is cold.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_273", + "context": "Dumpuses are hot. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is happy. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not transparent. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every numpus is not luminous. Each zumpus is not spicy. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not amenable. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is dull. Each tumpus is an impus. Every impus is luminous. Impuses are rompuses. Alex is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is luminous.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLuminous(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_274", + "context": "Vumpuses are earthy. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are temperate. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is kind. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not transparent. Rompuses are metallic. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not metallic. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is feisty. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are sour. Wumpuses are impuses. Sam is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not metallic.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_275", + "context": "Zumpuses are not red. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is sour. Every dumpus is aggressive. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is bright. Each wumpus is an impus. Impuses are luminous. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not aggressive. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is floral. Every jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Max is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not aggressive.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAggressive(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_276", + "context": "Dumpuses are opaque. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not bright. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not hot. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are wooden. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Yumpuses are not nervous. Every wumpus is nervous. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are aggressive. Each numpus is an impus. Every impus is sour. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is floral. Every rompus is a jompus. Sally is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not nervous.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nNervous(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_277", + "context": "Rompuses are transparent. Each rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is bitter. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are mean. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are liquid. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is fruity. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Impuses are temperate. Each vumpus is brown. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not temperate. Jompuses are wumpuses. Rex is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not temperate.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_278", + "context": "Every zumpus is happy. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Each impus is a rompus. Every rompus is luminous. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not small. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is blue. Each dumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not earthy. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not kind. Each jompus is a wumpus. Tumpuses are not dull. Wumpuses are dull. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Sally is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not dull.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_279", + "context": "Every tumpus is transparent. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is fruity. Each vumpus is feisty. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is dull. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not feisty. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is small. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not angry. Each wumpus is an impus. Wren is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not feisty.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFeisty(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_280", + "context": "Every zumpus is not amenable. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is liquid. Every yumpus is an impus. Every impus is not brown. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not temperate. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Every tumpus is sweet. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are happy. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not sweet. Wumpuses are rompuses. Alex is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is sweet.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSweet(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_281", + "context": "Zumpuses are not amenable. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is spicy. Each wumpus is a rompus. Every yumpus is not luminous. Each rompus is nervous. Each rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not small. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not hot. Dumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is luminous. Every jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is floral. Each vumpus is a numpus. Stella is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is luminous.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLuminous(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_282", + "context": "Every dumpus is earthy. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are happy. Zumpuses are jompuses. Impuses are not luminous. Every jompus is brown. Each jompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is dull. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is hot. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not transparent. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is luminous. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is small. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Stella is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is luminous.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLuminous(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_283", + "context": "Wumpuses are opaque. Vumpuses are not large. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are bright. Every rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not luminous. Every numpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is aggressive. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are large. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are not sour. Jompuses are yumpuses. Polly is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is large.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_284", + "context": "Numpuses are transparent. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is floral. Every jompus is a rompus. Wumpuses are not happy. Each rompus is dull. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is red. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not small. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is happy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Rex is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is happy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_285", + "context": "Yumpuses are bright. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not shy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not orange. Every impus is not cold. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is kind. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are cold. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are wooden. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not sour. Vumpuses are jompuses. Stella is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is cold.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_286", + "context": "Impuses are not sweet. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are dull. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Tumpuses are not floral. Each dumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is floral. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not nervous. Each yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are liquid. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not opaque. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Max is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is floral.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\n\nFacts:\nImpuses(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFloral(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_287", + "context": "Every jompus is not wooden. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not temperate. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not shy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is earthy. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is blue. Every impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is sour. Every wumpus is not bright. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bright. Each yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not transparent. Numpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is bright.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_288", + "context": "Numpuses are not small. Rompuses are opaque. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is hot. Dumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not nervous. Jompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is luminous. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are floral. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are brown. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not opaque. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Fae is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_289", + "context": "Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not dull. Every zumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is hot. Each jompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not large. Every impus is amenable. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not amenable. Every numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not shy. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not liquid. Each tumpus is a rompus. Polly is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is amenable.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAmenable(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_290", + "context": "Each wumpus is happy. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not brown. Numpuses are tumpuses. Rompuses are not sweet. Each tumpus is amenable. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Every jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is sweet. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are dull. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is hot. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is luminous. Dumpuses are impuses. Rex is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is sweet.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSweet(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_291", + "context": "Dumpuses are dull. Each dumpus is an impus. Every impus is large. Every numpus is not luminous. Every impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are feisty. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not cold. Rompuses are jompuses. Each jompus is sweet. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not angry. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are luminous. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is red. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Stella is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not luminous.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLuminous(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_292", + "context": "Zumpuses are not feisty. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are cold. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not orange. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not earthy. Every numpus is a vumpus. Dumpuses are not transparent. Every vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Fae is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is transparent.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Fae, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_293", + "context": "Each rompus is brown. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not mean. Each numpus is luminous. Every tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is floral. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is hot. Impuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is dull. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not luminous. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Sally is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not luminous.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLuminous(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_294", + "context": "Each vumpus is not brown. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not small. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is bright. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is amenable. Each numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is earthy. Each jompus is not luminous. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are shy. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are cold. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is luminous. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Polly is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is luminous.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLuminous(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_295", + "context": "Yumpuses are not liquid. Every tumpus is not kind. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is feisty. Each zumpus is an impus. Each impus is large. Impuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not opaque. Every rompus is a jompus. Every jompus is liquid. Every jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is bright. Each wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not fruity. Numpuses are vumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is liquid.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLiquid(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_296", + "context": "Every numpus is mean. Each numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are floral. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not spicy. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is small. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not happy. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each dumpus is not small. Each wumpus is red. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not metallic. Tumpuses are impuses. Wren is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is small.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_297", + "context": "Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are mean. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is brown. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not wooden. Rompuses are not sour. Each impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are large. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is sour. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are nervous. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Every zumpus is a jompus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is sour.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSour(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_298", + "context": "Yumpuses are cold. Every yumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is brown. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are sweet. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not floral. Each rompus is happy. Each numpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is aggressive. Each vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not happy. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not wooden. Impuses are wumpuses. Sally is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not happy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_299", + "context": "Every zumpus is luminous. Each zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not small. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is bright. Impuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is angry. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not transparent. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are cold. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are orange. Each yumpus is not cold. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are spicy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Polly is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is cold.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_300", + "context": "Each tumpus is dull. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not shy. Every vumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not small. Each numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is blue. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not mean. Every yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is fruity. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not temperate. Impuses are temperate. Zumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is temperate.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_301", + "context": "Each zumpus is bitter. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every jompus is not small. Every vumpus is orange. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are amenable. Each tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are shy. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Max is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is small.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_302", + "context": "Zumpuses are orange. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is metallic. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are hot. Each rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are floral. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are bright. Every numpus is an impus. Every impus is feisty. Every impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Jompuses are large. Every yumpus is not large. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Alex is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not large.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_303", + "context": "Wumpuses are wooden. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are brown. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are opaque. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Every yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is earthy. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is not cold. Zumpuses are cold. Every impus is a jompus. Alex is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is cold.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_304", + "context": "Wumpuses are amenable. Every numpus is sweet. Each numpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not hot. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are red. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is opaque. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is not metallic. Every impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is large. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not amenable. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are shy. Dumpuses are rompuses. Polly is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not amenable.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAmenable(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_305", + "context": "Every jompus is not earthy. Each rompus is transparent. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is feisty. Every impus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is amenable. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are metallic. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is earthy. Every numpus is a zumpus. Alex is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is earthy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_306", + "context": "Impuses are hot. Impuses are tumpuses. Each dumpus is not aggressive. Every tumpus is blue. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are sour. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is opaque. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are floral. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not bright. Each zumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is aggressive. Every rompus is a jompus. Max is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is aggressive.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAggressive(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_307", + "context": "Vumpuses are not opaque. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is large. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not fruity. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not angry. Each zumpus is an impus. Impuses are metallic. Each impus is a tumpus. Every wumpus is not hot. Each tumpus is hot. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not nervous. Rompuses are numpuses. Stella is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not hot.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHot(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_308", + "context": "Wumpuses are not liquid. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not floral. Each zumpus is an impus. Impuses are bright. Each impus is a numpus. Every numpus is mean. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not orange. Each jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is cold. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are small. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not transparent. Each tumpus is orange. Dumpuses are rompuses. Alex is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not orange.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOrange(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_309", + "context": "Zumpuses are cold. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is dull. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is kind. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is earthy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is nervous. Each yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Every numpus is a tumpus. Jompuses are not large. Tumpuses are sweet. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is large. Rompuses are impuses. Wren is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not large.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFacts:\nDumpus(Wren, True)\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nQuery:\nLarge(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_310", + "context": "Each zumpus is not angry. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not hot. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are happy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is opaque. Each wumpus is not liquid. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are liquid. Tumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is liquid.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLiquid(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_311", + "context": "Rompuses are not cold. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are red. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not angry. Every jompus is small. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not opaque. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is dull. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not earthy. Every numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are nervous. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not small. Every dumpus is an impus. Polly is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not small.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_312", + "context": "Every wumpus is not small. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not dull. Jompuses are aggressive. Dumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not nervous. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is luminous. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not orange. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not cold. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not aggressive. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are spicy. Every numpus is a vumpus. Max is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not aggressive.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAggressive(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_313", + "context": "Tumpuses are not transparent. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are aggressive. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is liquid. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not sweet. Each numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not large. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Impuses are not temperate. Every zumpus is not red. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not shy. Rompuses are vumpuses. Stella is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is temperate.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_314", + "context": "Impuses are shy. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is red. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not hot. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is bitter. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are large. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not opaque. Each numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not fruity. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are aggressive. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Zumpuses are opaque. Sally is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not opaque.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_315", + "context": "Wumpuses are feisty. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are orange. Each tumpus is an impus. Impuses are cold. Every numpus is metallic. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is earthy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not bright. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not metallic. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Fae is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not metallic.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_316", + "context": "Tumpuses are not sweet. Numpuses are not dull. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not aggressive. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are opaque. Every rompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not happy. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is red. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are dull. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are cold. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is fruity. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Alex is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not dull.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_317", + "context": "Each jompus is fruity. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each tumpus is red. Every wumpus is small. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are shy. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are sour. Every rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is opaque. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is aggressive. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not red. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not liquid. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Stella is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not red.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_318", + "context": "Each impus is not temperate. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is metallic. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not small. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is earthy. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is spicy. Every jompus is not spicy. Every vumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are shy. Numpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not orange. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Max is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is spicy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSpicy(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_319", + "context": "Each numpus is not orange. Numpuses are dumpuses. Wumpuses are temperate. Dumpuses are small. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not kind. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is not bright. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not nervous. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are transparent. Every rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not temperate. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Wren is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not temperate.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_320", + "context": "Jompuses are floral. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is bitter. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is bright. Each numpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is metallic. Each yumpus is an impus. Impuses are shy. Each impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not cold. Each rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are brown. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are kind. Tumpuses are not shy. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Sam is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not shy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nShy(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_321", + "context": "Rompuses are large. Rompuses are wumpuses. Tumpuses are temperate. Wumpuses are shy. Every wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is earthy. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are dull. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is metallic. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is sweet. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is amenable. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not temperate. Each jompus is a zumpus. Sally is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not temperate.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_322", + "context": "Every tumpus is not floral. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are spicy. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not hot. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not blue. Every jompus is an impus. Each impus is dull. Impuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is opaque. Every vumpus is not opaque. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not amenable. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is shy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Alex is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_323", + "context": "Dumpuses are shy. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are fruity. Each numpus is not amenable. Every impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is brown. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are amenable. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Wren is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not amenable.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAmenable(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_324", + "context": "Each zumpus is liquid. Wumpuses are red. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is kind. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are temperate. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are sour. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is bright. Each tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not red. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is large. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is floral. Vumpuses are numpuses. Alex is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not red.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_325", + "context": "Wumpuses are not mean. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each numpus is wooden. Rompuses are sour. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not opaque. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are temperate. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not brown. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not wooden. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not happy. Jompuses are vumpuses. Wren is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not wooden.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nWooden(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_326", + "context": "Every vumpus is not fruity. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not orange. Yumpuses are jompuses. Wumpuses are not transparent. Jompuses are wooden. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are happy. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are transparent. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is bright. Every dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is sour. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are hot. Numpuses are tumpuses. Alex is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is transparent.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_327", + "context": "Each yumpus is not blue. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not large. Every rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not mean. Impuses are happy. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is cold. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not happy. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is bright. Each tumpus is a numpus. Rex is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not happy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_328", + "context": "Wumpuses are large. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is metallic. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is bright. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not bitter. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is transparent. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is earthy. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is kind. Every impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not hot. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Each tumpus is not transparent. Wren is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_329", + "context": "Each tumpus is opaque. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is earthy. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are aggressive. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is luminous. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not brown. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is bitter. Jompuses are wumpuses. Every rompus is not bitter. Wumpuses are large. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not happy. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Polly is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not bitter.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBitter(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_330", + "context": "Numpuses are bright. Each numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are liquid. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not small. Every zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is nervous. Each yumpus is earthy. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not earthy. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not sweet. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is amenable. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Rex is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not earthy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_331", + "context": "Each vumpus is not bright. Each vumpus is a numpus. Wumpuses are small. Each numpus is not opaque. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not sweet. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is liquid. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is shy. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not brown. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not fruity. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not small. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Sam is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nFacts:\nYumpus(Sam, True)\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nQuery:\nSmall(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_332", + "context": "Each tumpus is luminous. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is fruity. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are red. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is dull. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are bitter. Each impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not kind. Each jompus is kind. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Max is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not kind.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nKind(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_333", + "context": "Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not brown. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are floral. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not temperate. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is dull. Each numpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is large. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is kind. Vumpuses are temperate. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Stella is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not temperate.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_334", + "context": "Dumpuses are spicy. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is feisty. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are bright. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not orange. Wumpuses are impuses. Numpuses are not transparent. Every impus is aggressive. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are fruity. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Sally is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is transparent.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_335", + "context": "Dumpuses are not hot. Every dumpus is an impus. Every impus is fruity. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are brown. Each jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is nervous. Each wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each rompus is large. Yumpuses are bitter. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is wooden. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not large. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Polly is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not large.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_336", + "context": "Every rompus is temperate. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are shy. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Numpuses are opaque. Wumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not large. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are kind. Each jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not opaque. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Max is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_337", + "context": "Dumpuses are small. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Each wumpus is spicy. Every vumpus is mean. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is fruity. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are transparent. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not spicy. Jompuses are impuses. Polly is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is spicy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSpicy(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_338", + "context": "Each jompus is temperate. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are dull. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not kind. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are fruity. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not large. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are wooden. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are spicy. Each dumpus is an impus. Each numpus is not fruity. Stella is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not fruity.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_339", + "context": "Yumpuses are sweet. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are brown. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are bright. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is kind. Numpuses are impuses. Each impus is nervous. Impuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are liquid. Every rompus is not transparent. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Max is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is transparent.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_340", + "context": "Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are temperate. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are angry. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is small. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are opaque. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are feisty. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are luminous. Every tumpus is not feisty. Each impus is a wumpus. Wren is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is feisty.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFeisty(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_341", + "context": "Vumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is small. Every numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are dull. Tumpuses are impuses. Every rompus is not temperate. Every impus is sour. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are angry. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is shy. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are liquid. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Polly is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not temperate.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_342", + "context": "Impuses are shy. Each impus is a rompus. Every rompus is fruity. Every rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is brown. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are liquid. Each numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is angry. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not temperate. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not large. Every jompus is temperate. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Polly is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is temperate.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_343", + "context": "Rompuses are amenable. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not cold. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are nervous. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is sour. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are luminous. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each wumpus is not sour. Polly is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not sour.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\n\nQuery:\nSour(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_344", + "context": "Vumpuses are bitter. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are orange. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is large. Tumpuses are temperate. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not dull. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not temperate. Zumpuses are impuses. Stella is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is temperate.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_345", + "context": "Every zumpus is not feisty. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is angry. Vumpuses are not small. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not dull. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are fruity. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are small. Each impus is a rompus. Every rompus is not opaque. Each rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is metallic. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is red. Yumpuses are jompuses. Rex is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_346", + "context": "Every wumpus is fruity. Wumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not transparent. Each jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is cold. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Numpuses are not bright. Yumpuses are angry. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are brown. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not wooden. Impuses are rompuses. Each rompus is large. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are bright. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Sam is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not bright.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_347", + "context": "Every tumpus is bright. Yumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is opaque. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is aggressive. Impuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not large. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are liquid. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is feisty. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is earthy. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is spicy. Rompuses are numpuses. Sally is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not earthy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_348", + "context": "Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are orange. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is happy. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not angry. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are earthy. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are luminous. Each jompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is bright. Dumpuses are numpuses. Vumpuses are not luminous. Every numpus is not hot. Every numpus is a tumpus. Fae is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is luminous.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nWumpuses($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLuminous(Fae, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_349", + "context": "Each vumpus is spicy. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is blue. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is floral. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not mean. Rompuses are jompuses. Every numpus is mean. Alex is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not mean.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMean(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_350", + "context": "Numpuses are not shy. Every numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not large. Each wumpus is an impus. Impuses are not metallic. Zumpuses are not sour. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are dull. Each rompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are aggressive. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is red. Jompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is fruity. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are sour. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Alex is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not sour.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSour(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_351", + "context": "Zumpuses are dull. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are shy. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are red. Each tumpus is fruity. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not fruity. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are spicy. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are mean. Every yumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is opaque. Each jompus is an impus. Stella is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not fruity.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_352", + "context": "Each dumpus is not blue. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not earthy. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is not aggressive. Impuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is metallic. Wumpuses are not opaque. Vumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not feisty. Every rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is opaque. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is spicy. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Wren is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_353", + "context": "Dumpuses are earthy. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is sour. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each impus is hot. Numpuses are happy. Every numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not transparent. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not hot. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not aggressive. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are luminous. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Wren is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not hot.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHot(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_354", + "context": "Vumpuses are feisty. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not blue. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are mean. Every zumpus is an impus. Impuses are sweet. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are earthy. Every numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is cold. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are bright. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are tumpuses. Every yumpus is not bright. Fae is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not bright.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_355", + "context": "Impuses are not happy. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is small. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Every vumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not sweet. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is brown. Each zumpus is not brown. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are angry. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not temperate. Each yumpus is a numpus. Rex is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not brown.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBrown(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_356", + "context": "Every numpus is not floral. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are orange. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is bright. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is metallic. Dumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is cold. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is feisty. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is spicy. Every impus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is kind. Yumpuses are not kind. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is kind.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nKind(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_357", + "context": "Each vumpus is not hot. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is opaque. Every rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are sour. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Impuses are not blue. Tumpuses are metallic. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not fruity. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are blue. Every wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is mean. Every numpus is a dumpus. Stella is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is blue.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBlue(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_358", + "context": "Impuses are dull. Each impus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is blue. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are cold. Every rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are not happy. Each jompus is a numpus. Dumpuses are not wooden. Numpuses are fruity. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are wooden. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Max is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is wooden.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nWooden(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_359", + "context": "Vumpuses are not wooden. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not nervous. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not cold. Each impus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is bright. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are transparent. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is wooden. Each jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not bitter. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Max is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is wooden.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nWooden(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_360", + "context": "Rompuses are not kind. Every rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is metallic. Every dumpus is an impus. Every impus is shy. Each wumpus is temperate. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are small. Each vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is opaque. Each numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not temperate. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Sally is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is temperate.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_361", + "context": "Every impus is dull. Each impus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is temperate. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are happy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not earthy. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a dumpus. Rompuses are transparent. Dumpuses are blue. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not sour. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are amenable. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Rex is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is transparent.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_362", + "context": "Every wumpus is fruity. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is sour. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not nervous. Each dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are angry. Every numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not wooden. Every rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is opaque. Every zumpus is blue. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not blue. Jompuses are impuses. Sally is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not blue.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBlue(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_363", + "context": "Each impus is sweet. Each impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are small. Every dumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is mean. Every numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is red. Rompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is dull. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every wumpus is not dull. Each jompus is not opaque. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is earthy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are wooden. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Polly is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not dull.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_364", + "context": "Impuses are opaque. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not dull. Every numpus is a yumpus. Rompuses are not kind. Every yumpus is orange. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is kind. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are floral. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not sweet. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Stella is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not kind.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nKind(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_365", + "context": "Yumpuses are transparent. Vumpuses are not happy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are sweet. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not hot. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is blue. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is bright. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are luminous. Impuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not aggressive. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not transparent. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Sally is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not transparent.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_366", + "context": "Vumpuses are not wooden. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each impus is floral. Numpuses are opaque. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are small. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are red. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not sweet. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not floral. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Polly is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is floral.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFloral(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_367", + "context": "Dumpuses are small. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are opaque. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is liquid. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not happy. Each zumpus is an impus. Each impus is not earthy. Impuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not spicy. Each jompus is hot. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not dull. Every rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is not hot. Numpuses are yumpuses. Polly is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is hot.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompuses($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nNumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHot(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_368", + "context": "Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not earthy. Each impus is a dumpus. Yumpuses are blue. Dumpuses are metallic. Every dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is feisty. Every rompus is a jompus. Every jompus is not blue. Jompuses are zumpuses. Fae is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not blue.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBlue(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_369", + "context": "Each numpus is transparent. Each vumpus is not brown. Every numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not bright. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is bitter. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are temperate. Every rompus is an impus. Each impus is brown. Each impus is a yumpus. Rex is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is brown.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBrown(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_370", + "context": "Wumpuses are not blue. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not small. Every zumpus is an impus. Every numpus is earthy. Impuses are not aggressive. Each impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not earthy. Every yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is sweet. Rompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not shy. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not transparent. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Max is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not earthy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_371", + "context": "Each tumpus is not happy. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is red. Each zumpus is a rompus. Vumpuses are not dull. Rompuses are floral. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not sour. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are hot. Numpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is dull. Wumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_372", + "context": "Each wumpus is not large. Wumpuses are impuses. Every impus is opaque. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is bright. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are cold. Each tumpus is kind. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not kind. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Rex is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is kind.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nKind(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_373", + "context": "Every zumpus is metallic. Every zumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is bitter. Jompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is mean. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not cold. Each rompus is a vumpus. Each wumpus is not dull. Every vumpus is dull. Every vumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not fruity. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is small. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are red. Each yumpus is an impus. Sam is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is dull.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_374", + "context": "Yumpuses are feisty. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are brown. Each zumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not bitter. Rompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not metallic. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are large. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are aggressive. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is dull. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not temperate. Each impus is a tumpus. Dumpuses are not aggressive. Fae is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is aggressive.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\n\nQuery:\nAggressive(Fae, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_375", + "context": "Each dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Impuses are not metallic. Wumpuses are happy. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are brown. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are sour. Every rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is metallic. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is transparent. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not bright. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not aggressive. Yumpuses are jompuses. Fae is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is metallic.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Fae, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_376", + "context": "Every zumpus is not metallic. Each zumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is fruity. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are large. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are aggressive. Each numpus is a jompus. Each jompus is temperate. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Tumpuses are not transparent. Each dumpus is not dull. Each dumpus is an impus. Each impus is not bitter. Impuses are wumpuses. Wren is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_377", + "context": "Each zumpus is metallic. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not earthy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are hot. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is orange. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not opaque. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each jompus is not dull. Every numpus is kind. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not small. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Sam is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_378", + "context": "Dumpuses are nervous. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Every impus is transparent. Every vumpus is cold. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not mean. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bright. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not fruity. Each tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not wooden. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not transparent. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not blue. Numpuses are rompuses. Max is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is transparent.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_379", + "context": "Every impus is not transparent. Every impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is floral. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is shy. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are metallic. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not sour. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not large. Rompuses are vumpuses. Wumpuses are sour. Vumpuses are dull. Every vumpus is a numpus. Wren is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not sour.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSour(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_380", + "context": "Every dumpus is large. Wumpuses are happy. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are opaque. Impuses are jompuses. Every jompus is fruity. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are orange. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not sweet. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is metallic. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not happy. Yumpuses are numpuses. Polly is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not happy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_381", + "context": "Numpuses are dull. Every numpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is wooden. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is spicy. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is earthy. Vumpuses are not feisty. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are feisty. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are blue. Each rompus is an impus. Sally is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is feisty.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFeisty(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_382", + "context": "Each jompus is fruity. Each jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is bitter. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not happy. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are temperate. Zumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not bright. Dumpuses are not temperate. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is large. Each tumpus is an impus. Every impus is metallic. Impuses are yumpuses. Polly is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not temperate.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_383", + "context": "Every wumpus is small. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not fruity. Every zumpus is not brown. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is luminous. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are not sweet. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is feisty. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is angry. Every dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is opaque. Rompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is brown. Numpuses are vumpuses. Sam is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is brown.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpuses($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBrown(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_384", + "context": "Vumpuses are transparent. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are temperate. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is happy. Every rompus is a jompus. Each jompus is dull. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not sweet. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not kind. Every zumpus is a numpus. Each wumpus is kind. Each numpus is wooden. Numpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is brown. Each tumpus is an impus. Fae is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not kind.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFacts:\nDumpus(Fae, True)\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nQuery:\nKind(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_385", + "context": "Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are opaque. Each numpus is a zumpus. Vumpuses are not fruity. Zumpuses are happy. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is bright. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are fruity. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not spicy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not amenable. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Wren is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is fruity.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_386", + "context": "Rompuses are sour. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are large. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not orange. Each yumpus is floral. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is kind. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not floral. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not feisty. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are liquid. Zumpuses are impuses. Wren is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is floral.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFloral(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_387", + "context": "Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is luminous. Yumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not hot. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are feisty. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is opaque. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is fruity. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is sweet. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each rompus is not red. Numpuses are red. Each numpus is a wumpus. Polly is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is red.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_388", + "context": "Wumpuses are fruity. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bright. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not large. Each jompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is transparent. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not luminous. Every dumpus is luminous. Numpuses are impuses. Each impus is feisty. Every impus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is blue. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rex is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not luminous.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLuminous(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_389", + "context": "Jompuses are not brown. Each jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not bitter. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not transparent. Every wumpus is cold. Each numpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is kind. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not cold. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not large. Every rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is fruity. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is bright. Every vumpus is an impus. Sally is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not cold.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_390", + "context": "Each zumpus is not red. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are happy. Every rompus is a numpus. Each numpus is not sweet. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not small. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not cold. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not transparent. Vumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not fruity. Impuses are wumpuses. Each jompus is fruity. Wumpuses are not dull. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Max is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is fruity.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_391", + "context": "Yumpuses are not brown. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are kind. Jompuses are rompuses. Every rompus is dull. Each rompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are liquid. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is cold. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are brown. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not nervous. Each numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are bitter. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Stella is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is brown.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBrown(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_392", + "context": "Each rompus is not metallic. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are angry. Each jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is hot. Yumpuses are not blue. Each wumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not dull. Every numpus is an impus. Every impus is not transparent. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not happy. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is fruity. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Stella is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is blue.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBlue(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_393", + "context": "Every rompus is not earthy. Each rompus is an impus. Each impus is not liquid. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is red. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are mean. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are sweet. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are hot. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Each numpus is not dull. Each tumpus is large. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is dull. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Fae is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not dull.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_394", + "context": "Each rompus is luminous. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is fruity. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is sweet. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is brown. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are cold. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is nervous. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Yumpuses are dull. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not amenable. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Fae is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not dull.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_395", + "context": "Every jompus is not opaque. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not dull. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is sweet. Each impus is brown. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not small. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is metallic. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not brown. Every numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is mean. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Wren is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is brown.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBrown(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_396", + "context": "Every rompus is small. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is fruity. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are opaque. Each dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are liquid. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not bitter. Impuses are not happy. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are happy. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Sally is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is happy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_397", + "context": "Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is dull. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are wooden. Each jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are amenable. Rompuses are wumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Every wumpus is not fruity. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is cold. Every dumpus is an impus. Each impus is not spicy. Each impus is a numpus. Stella is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is fruity.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_398", + "context": "Each numpus is not spicy. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is amenable. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is blue. Yumpuses are opaque. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is cold. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are small. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is nervous. Every tumpus is an impus. Every impus is not dull. Each impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Each rompus is a zumpus. Wren is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_399", + "context": "Each wumpus is cold. Every wumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not orange. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are nervous. Every numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is amenable. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not opaque. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are luminous. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Tumpuses are opaque. Each zumpus is earthy. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not large. Rompuses are impuses. Polly is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not opaque.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_400", + "context": "Every vumpus is large. Every zumpus is happy. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are spicy. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are mean. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not brown. Yumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not cold. Each jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not happy. Each numpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not earthy. Tumpuses are impuses. Each impus is dull. Impuses are dumpuses. Wren is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not happy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_401", + "context": "Rompuses are temperate. Each rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not small. Wumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not blue. Every zumpus is liquid. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are shy. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not liquid. Every jompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are spicy. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Sally is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not liquid.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLiquid(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_402", + "context": "Each wumpus is angry. Zumpuses are not bright. Each zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are liquid. Yumpuses are impuses. Each impus is hot. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are orange. Each vumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not spicy. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not angry. Every numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not shy. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Stella is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not angry.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAngry(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_403", + "context": "Each vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are opaque. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are angry. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are earthy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not wooden. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not bright. Every zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is blue. Each jompus is an impus. Every dumpus is wooden. Every impus is not large. Every impus is a numpus. Alex is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is wooden.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nWooden(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_404", + "context": "Each yumpus is not orange. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are cold. Every tumpus is an impus. Each impus is spicy. Impuses are dumpuses. Every jompus is not happy. Dumpuses are not small. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are earthy. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is happy. Zumpuses are rompuses. Fae is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not happy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_405", + "context": "Each wumpus is wooden. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is feisty. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are orange. Each impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not bitter. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not dull. Each rompus is a jompus. Each jompus is not floral. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is kind. Numpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Each zumpus is dull. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Wren is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not dull.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_406", + "context": "Every impus is dull. Each impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are feisty. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are luminous. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is brown. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are cold. Every rompus is a numpus. Every dumpus is not cold. Each numpus is transparent. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is earthy. Jompuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is aggressive. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Sally is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is cold.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_407", + "context": "Each impus is earthy. Zumpuses are happy. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not spicy. Every vumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are large. Every numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not hot. Every rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not happy. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not red. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are kind. Every jompus is a tumpus. Max is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not happy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_408", + "context": "Every yumpus is happy. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is sour. Each jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Each wumpus is mean. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are blue. Impuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not mean. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are wooden. Each tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not bright. Every numpus is a dumpus. Sally is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is mean.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMean(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_409", + "context": "Every rompus is bright. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not blue. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not opaque. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is feisty. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Every dumpus is not cold. Wumpuses are cold. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Stella is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is cold.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_410", + "context": "Every vumpus is transparent. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not cold. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not amenable. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not large. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are metallic. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are sweet. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is orange. Numpuses are not sweet. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Sam is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not sweet.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSweet(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_411", + "context": "Each rompus is kind. Rompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is large. Numpuses are not bright. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is spicy. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is liquid. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not floral. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Stella is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is bright.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_412", + "context": "Each vumpus is transparent. Every vumpus is an impus. Each impus is red. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are mean. Every zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not hot. Numpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not happy. Each jompus is happy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Max is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is happy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_413", + "context": "Wumpuses are dull. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is metallic. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not aggressive. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are nervous. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is spicy. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not small. Each numpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not brown. Each zumpus is an impus. Jompuses are small. Rex is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_414", + "context": "Every wumpus is red. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Every rompus is not dull. Each tumpus is not sour. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is nervous. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not opaque. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is dull. Every impus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is earthy. Vumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is large. Numpuses are zumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not dull.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_415", + "context": "Every yumpus is feisty. Yumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not mean. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are fruity. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is cold. Every rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not dull. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are metallic. Every impus is a jompus. Wumpuses are red. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not red. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Alex is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is red.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_416", + "context": "Zumpuses are hot. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are fruity. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not wooden. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not large. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Each rompus is not opaque. Yumpuses are bitter. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Polly is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_417", + "context": "Every tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not small. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is dull. Every zumpus is a jompus. Every rompus is metallic. Each jompus is floral. Every jompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not metallic. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not cold. Each dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are shy. Numpuses are impuses. Polly is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not metallic.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_418", + "context": "Tumpuses are large. Every tumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is transparent. Every jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not metallic. Every wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are aggressive. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every rompus is not red. Dumpuses are red. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are bright. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is earthy. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is sweet. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Alex is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not red.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_419", + "context": "Each dumpus is not orange. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are floral. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are luminous. Each rompus is a yumpus. Each vumpus is small. Yumpuses are not cold. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are nervous. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are not small. Each impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is angry. Wumpuses are numpuses. Wren is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not small.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_420", + "context": "Every impus is bright. Every impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are happy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not sour. Yumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is mean. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is hot. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are metallic. Every wumpus is a jompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Each jompus is opaque. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is blue. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_421", + "context": "Every numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not hot. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is liquid. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are brown. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not spicy. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are kind. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not floral. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not nervous. Each zumpus is nervous. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Alex is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is nervous.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nNervous(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_422", + "context": "Every wumpus is small. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Impuses are not happy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is kind. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are earthy. Each numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are wooden. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are happy. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Fae is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not happy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_423", + "context": "Each rompus is not cold. Rompuses are wumpuses. Zumpuses are not transparent. Wumpuses are orange. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not fruity. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are sour. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is transparent. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are liquid. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are angry. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are shy. Vumpuses are impuses. Wren is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not transparent.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_424", + "context": "Vumpuses are not nervous. Every vumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is fruity. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is wooden. Each rompus is an impus. Wumpuses are mean. Impuses are transparent. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not orange. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are cold. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not mean. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Polly is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not mean.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMean(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_425", + "context": "Impuses are shy. Impuses are rompuses. Each rompus is temperate. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are dull. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not fruity. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not wooden. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is red. Every tumpus is not opaque. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Every jompus is a dumpus. Wren is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not opaque.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpuses(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_426", + "context": "Vumpuses are not bitter. Every vumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is temperate. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not large. Each zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not bright. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are feisty. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is not floral. Numpuses are floral. Impuses are dumpuses. Wren is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is floral.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFloral(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_427", + "context": "Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is cold. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are mean. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is spicy. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not earthy. Every impus is a yumpus. Each numpus is not small. Yumpuses are not metallic. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are opaque. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Alex is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is small.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_428", + "context": "Jompuses are feisty. Yumpuses are sour. Each yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is dull. Every rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is small. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is metallic. Numpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not feisty. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are angry. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is cold. Dumpuses are impuses. Rex is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not feisty.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFeisty(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_429", + "context": "Every tumpus is earthy. Each tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is spicy. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are red. Each impus is a rompus. Numpuses are not shy. Every rompus is not amenable. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are cold. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are metallic. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are shy. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Wren is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not shy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nShy(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_430", + "context": "Zumpuses are transparent. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Each vumpus is shy. Tumpuses are red. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is floral. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not bright. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are mean. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not shy. Each rompus is an impus. Impuses are small. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are luminous. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Wren is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not shy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nShy(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_431", + "context": "Impuses are transparent. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are not spicy. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is hot. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is floral. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are liquid. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not nervous. Each vumpus is not large. Every numpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is dull. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Rex is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is large.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_432", + "context": "Yumpuses are hot. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not dull. Each wumpus is not red. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is large. Impuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is amenable. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are red. Every vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is happy. Every jompus is a numpus. Sally is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not red.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_433", + "context": "Yumpuses are floral. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are sweet. Every dumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is luminous. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are blue. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is hot. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is large. Numpuses are not hot. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not opaque. Every vumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is bright. Every rompus is an impus. Wren is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not hot.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHot(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_434", + "context": "Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not liquid. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is orange. Impuses are not small. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Each tumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not bright. Numpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is angry. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are nervous. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Max is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is small.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_435", + "context": "Every impus is happy. Each impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not floral. Wumpuses are opaque. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is liquid. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not cold. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is mean. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Every rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not opaque.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_436", + "context": "Every impus is not wooden. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are dull. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is hot. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are brown. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Tumpuses are not floral. Every yumpus is floral. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not happy. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not mean. Wumpuses are numpuses. Max is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is floral.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFloral(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_437", + "context": "Every tumpus is cold. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are bright. Impuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Every rompus is earthy. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are small. Wumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are orange. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not earthy. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Fae is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is earthy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_438", + "context": "Zumpuses are cold. Every tumpus is small. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are orange. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not sweet. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is liquid. Every vumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are floral. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is happy. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not small. Impuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not dull. Yumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_439", + "context": "Each tumpus is orange. Rompuses are not temperate. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are fruity. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is transparent. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is amenable. Every zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not orange. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is metallic. Every dumpus is a jompus. Sally is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not orange.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOrange(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_440", + "context": "Rompuses are fruity. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are dull. Wumpuses are impuses. Every impus is wooden. Every impus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not mean. Every vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is large. Every jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are cold. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are nervous. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Every zumpus is not cold. Stella is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is cold.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_441", + "context": "Numpuses are aggressive. Yumpuses are small. Every numpus is an impus. Impuses are shy. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are red. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is earthy. Every rompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is transparent. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not small. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are metallic. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Each zumpus is a jompus. Fae is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Fae, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_442", + "context": "Each numpus is bright. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not kind. Each yumpus is an impus. Every impus is not luminous. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not floral. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not large. Rompuses are zumpuses. Wumpuses are large. Each zumpus is not cold. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not shy. Every dumpus is a jompus. Alex is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not large.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_443", + "context": "Numpuses are not metallic. Each yumpus is hot. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not bright. Every dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is spicy. Every rompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not fruity. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are large. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not amenable. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are metallic. Every zumpus is an impus. Each impus is not transparent. Every impus is a jompus. Max is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not metallic.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_444", + "context": "Every numpus is bright. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not fruity. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is bitter. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is feisty. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is angry. Each jompus is large. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not temperate. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Each tumpus is an impus. Each impus is not large. Impuses are rompuses. Alex is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not large.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_445", + "context": "Yumpuses are transparent. Each yumpus is an impus. Every impus is not bright. Each impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not large. Zumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is floral. Rompuses are not sour. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are brown. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not cold. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not liquid. Vumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is sour. Every numpus is a tumpus. Stella is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is sour.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSour(Stella, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_446", + "context": "Yumpuses are not temperate. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are shy. Each dumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is floral. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not amenable. Each jompus is a zumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Zumpuses are not transparent. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are brown. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not sour. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are wooden. Every tumpus is a rompus. Alex is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is transparent.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_447", + "context": "Each tumpus is blue. Each tumpus is an impus. Each impus is not sour. Each impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are feisty. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is hot. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not mean. Every jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are luminous. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Every zumpus is mean. Sally is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is mean.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMean(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_448", + "context": "Vumpuses are feisty. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not large. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not luminous. Zumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not dull. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not earthy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Rompuses are not red. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not aggressive. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is red. Impuses are dumpuses. Wren is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not red.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_449", + "context": "Impuses are not angry. Every impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not happy. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every jompus is metallic. Each yumpus is transparent. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is small. Numpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is sweet. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is orange. Every rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is cold. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not metallic. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Max is a numpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is metallic.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\n\nFacts:\nNumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMetallic(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_450", + "context": "Each vumpus is not bitter. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are floral. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not dull. Every jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is happy. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are liquid. Rompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is mean. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is transparent. Every numpus is not transparent. Every dumpus is an impus. Stella is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not transparent.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_451", + "context": "Yumpuses are not dull. Vumpuses are angry. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are nervous. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not opaque. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are cold. Each tumpus is an impus. Impuses are floral. Every impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is wooden. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not angry. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are jompuses. Wren is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is angry.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAngry(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_452", + "context": "Wumpuses are not wooden. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is sour. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are large. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is transparent. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not nervous. Jompuses are red. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are bright. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not red. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not mean. Every numpus is an impus. Max is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is red.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_453", + "context": "Rompuses are opaque. Each rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are shy. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not sour. Every numpus is an impus. Each impus is mean. Impuses are zumpuses. Each tumpus is brown. Zumpuses are not brown. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is earthy. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is dull. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Wren is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not brown.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBrown(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_454", + "context": "Each dumpus is not floral. Every yumpus is not cold. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not shy. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not angry. Every numpus is a jompus. Each jompus is wooden. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are floral. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are spicy. Each rompus is an impus. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a tumpus. Sally is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is floral.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFloral(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_455", + "context": "Every rompus is not blue. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is amenable. Every dumpus is feisty. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are floral. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not feisty. Each vumpus is an impus. Every impus is transparent. Every impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not luminous. Every wumpus is a numpus. Polly is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is feisty.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFeisty(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_456", + "context": "Vumpuses are mean. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are brown. Every jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is nervous. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are bitter. Zumpuses are rompuses. Dumpuses are not earthy. Rompuses are earthy. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are hot. Each numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Fae is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not earthy.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nImpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_457", + "context": "Impuses are happy. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is floral. Every rompus is a wumpus. Yumpuses are not large. Every wumpus is bitter. Every wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not cold. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is bright. Dumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not red. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Stella is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not large.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLarge(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_458", + "context": "Tumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are jompuses. Rompuses are not transparent. Every jompus is not angry. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not shy. Every wumpus is an impus. Impuses are small. Impuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is brown. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are sour. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are liquid. Every numpus is a zumpus. Rex is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not transparent.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTransparent(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_459", + "context": "Each tumpus is cold. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are luminous. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is kind. Every rompus is not earthy. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not spicy. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is earthy. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is opaque. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is dull. Every impus is a dumpus. Max is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is earthy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nEarthy(Max, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_460", + "context": "Each jompus is liquid. Dumpuses are bright. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is opaque. Impuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is fruity. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not orange. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not liquid. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is small. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are feisty. Every numpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is spicy. Zumpuses are rompuses. Sam is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not liquid.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLiquid(Sam, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_461", + "context": "Each zumpus is not earthy. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not hot. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are metallic. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is bright. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is spicy. Each dumpus is an impus. Every impus is opaque. Every tumpus is not opaque. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not kind. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not nervous. Rompuses are jompuses. Rex is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is opaque.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_462", + "context": "Rompuses are fruity. Every rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is metallic. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are mean. Wumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not brown. Every dumpus is opaque. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not opaque. Each vumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is nervous. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are temperate. Each yumpus is an impus. Each impus is sour. Each impus is a zumpus. Sally is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not opaque.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_463", + "context": "Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not transparent. Rompuses are dumpuses. Tumpuses are brown. Dumpuses are liquid. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are floral. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is spicy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not brown. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Stella is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is brown.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBrown(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_464", + "context": "Tumpuses are luminous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is floral. Each jompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are large. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are dull. Wumpuses are cold. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not cold. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not brown. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is transparent. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is not nervous. Impuses are numpuses. Alex is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is cold.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_465", + "context": "Wumpuses are not liquid. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is opaque. Each yumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is bright. Every jompus is an impus. Impuses are not hot. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are nervous. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are sour. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are blue. Dumpuses are not sour. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is large. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Rex is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not sour.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSour(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_466", + "context": "Zumpuses are angry. Impuses are shy. Impuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are metallic. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are earthy. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not angry. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not spicy. Every jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are brown. Each dumpus is a rompus. Max is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is angry.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nImpuses(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAngry(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_467", + "context": "Every rompus is transparent. Each rompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not dull. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is hot. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not metallic. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are floral. Every impus is a numpus. Zumpuses are not blue. Numpuses are feisty. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is blue. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Alex is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not blue.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBlue(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_468", + "context": "Tumpuses are fruity. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are cold. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are spicy. Every zumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not opaque. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are kind. Impuses are vumpuses. Each jompus is not kind. Vumpuses are not feisty. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not liquid. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not large. Each wumpus is a numpus. Polly is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not kind.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nKind(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_469", + "context": "Every wumpus is not dull. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are hot. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are red. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is spicy. Every vumpus is mean. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is large. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not mean. Each impus is a jompus. Each jompus is transparent. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not liquid. Numpuses are zumpuses. Polly is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not mean.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMean(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_470", + "context": "Each jompus is earthy. Every jompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is liquid. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not mean. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is transparent. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is small. Yumpuses are rompuses. Dumpuses are not small. Every rompus is not bright. Each rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are orange. Each tumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is hot. Numpuses are impuses. Alex is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_471", + "context": "Vumpuses are not bright. Each dumpus is metallic. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are spicy. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are red. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are opaque. Each numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is bright. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is aggressive. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not shy. Every tumpus is a jompus. Sam is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is bright.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_472", + "context": "Numpuses are not luminous. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is brown. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is cold. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are mean. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is opaque. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not small. Every yumpus is not sour. Every wumpus is an impus. Every impus is sour. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is happy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Wren is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not sour.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSour(Wren, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_473", + "context": "Dumpuses are aggressive. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are small. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bitter. Every yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not blue. Each rompus is a numpus. Each impus is liquid. Numpuses are not happy. Each numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not liquid. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bright. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is floral. Tumpuses are jompuses. Max is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not liquid.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLiquid(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_474", + "context": "Each zumpus is mean. Jompuses are not feisty. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not orange. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not luminous. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is hot. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is bitter. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not mean. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is mean.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nMean(Sally, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_475", + "context": "Each jompus is red. Each jompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is amenable. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not nervous. Each tumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is temperate. Every numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not floral. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are bright. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are wooden. Rompuses are not bright. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are spicy. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Polly is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not bright.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_476", + "context": "Each wumpus is not amenable. Yumpuses are transparent. Each yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is luminous. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not fruity. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are amenable. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not shy. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is cold. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is small. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Wren is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is amenable.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Wren, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAmenable(Wren, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_477", + "context": "Dumpuses are fruity. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not happy. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not bitter. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not aggressive. Each jompus is a tumpus. Zumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are luminous. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are hot. Every rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is small. Every wumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not bright. Each numpus is an impus. Fae is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not bright.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_478", + "context": "Wumpuses are spicy. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are aggressive. Numpuses are small. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are hot. Every tumpus is an impus. Impuses are not metallic. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not small. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not floral. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not bright. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are shy. Each vumpus is a jompus. Polly is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Polly, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_479", + "context": "Wumpuses are not bitter. Every impus is not blue. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is temperate. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not small. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not wooden. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is happy. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are transparent. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is bitter. Each dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not amenable. Each jompus is a vumpus. Sally is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not bitter.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBitter(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_480", + "context": "Rompuses are not temperate. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are nervous. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is orange. Every impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is luminous. Each wumpus is dull. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is angry. Each zumpus is a numpus. Stella is a rompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not dull.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\n\nFacts:\nRompus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nRompus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Impuses($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nDull(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_481", + "context": "Each tumpus is sweet. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not orange. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not temperate. Dumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is kind. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are liquid. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is large. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is happy. Each impus is not happy. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are rompuses. Polly is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is happy.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHappy(Polly, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_482", + "context": "Zumpuses are angry. Zumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not happy. Each jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is blue. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not transparent. Every rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is sweet. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not large. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Every impus is temperate. Every vumpus is not temperate. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Rex is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is temperate.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nTemperate(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_483", + "context": "Each numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not shy. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not small. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is bitter. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not amenable. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not temperate. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Every impus is not red. Every tumpus is red. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are wooden. Rompuses are yumpuses. Sally is a zumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not red.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nShy($x, bool) ::: Is x shy?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\n\nFacts:\nZumpus(Sally, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nRed(Sally, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_484", + "context": "Every tumpus is fruity. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not transparent. Yumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is sour. Rompuses are numpuses. Every jompus is orange. Every numpus is dull. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not metallic. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not orange. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is large. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not temperate. Every zumpus is an impus. Fae is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not orange.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOrange(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_485", + "context": "Tumpuses are not bright. Each tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is hot. Each jompus is a numpus. Each numpus is not kind. Every numpus is an impus. Impuses are blue. Impuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is small. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are luminous. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is shy. Each dumpus is not luminous. Every yumpus is a rompus. Stella is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not luminous.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Blue($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Shy($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nLuminous(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_486", + "context": "Impuses are not blue. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are bitter. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not temperate. Each yumpus is a jompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Every jompus is metallic. Every jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is nervous. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are amenable. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not fruity. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Sam is an impus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is opaque.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nBlue($x, bool) ::: Is x blue?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nAmenable($x, bool) ::: Is x amenable?\n\nFacts:\nImpuses(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Blue($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Amenable($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOpaque(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_487", + "context": "Wumpuses are aggressive. Wumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is earthy. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is bitter. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are large. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are bright. Each zumpus is not bright. Every impus is a rompus. Each rompus is feisty. Each rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are opaque. Each yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not wooden. Numpuses are dumpuses. Rex is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is bright.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Rex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_488", + "context": "Tumpuses are wooden. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are sweet. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are hot. Each numpus is not hot. Each jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are nervous. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not brown. Each zumpus is an impus. Alex is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is hot.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nHot(Alex, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_489", + "context": "Every zumpus is nervous. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are orange. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are kind. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are bitter. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is liquid. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not bright. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is transparent. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not cold. Impuses are cold. Every jompus is a rompus. Rex is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is cold.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nImpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impuses?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nImpuses($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_490", + "context": "Each wumpus is red. Each wumpus is an impus. Impuses are not transparent. Every impus is a jompus. Every jompus is happy. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is mean. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are small. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not earthy. Dumpuses are bright. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not bright. Each yumpus is a numpus. Max is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is bright.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nHappy($x, bool) ::: Is x happy?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBitter($x, bool) ::: Is x bitter?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nMean($x, bool) ::: Is x mean?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Max, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Happy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bitter($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Mean($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nBright(Max, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_491", + "context": "Each tumpus is wooden. Every tumpus is an impus. Numpuses are cold. Every impus is kind. Each impus is a jompus. Each jompus is feisty. Every jompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not red. Each yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Rompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is bright. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not cold. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Stella is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is cold.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nLarge($x, bool) ::: Is x large?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Large($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nCold(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_492", + "context": "Every jompus is kind. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is dull. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not nervous. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not sour. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is wooden. Each yumpus is an impus. Impuses are not orange. Every impus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is cold. Dumpuses are orange. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are transparent. Rompuses are numpuses. Rex is a wumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not orange.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\n\nFacts:\nWumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOrange(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_493", + "context": "Numpuses are angry. Every wumpus is not floral. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are feisty. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not wooden. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is transparent. Impuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are orange. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not angry. Each jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not spicy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Alex is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not angry.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAngry($x, bool) ::: Is x angry?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nFeisty($x, bool) ::: Is x feisty?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Feisty($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Angry($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, False)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAngry(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_494", + "context": "Every vumpus is spicy. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is wooden. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are dull. Every yumpus is an impus. Impuses are not transparent. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not fruity. Every zumpus is a rompus. Each wumpus is fruity. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are numpuses. Rex is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not fruity.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nWooden($x, bool) ::: Is x wooden?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nFruity($x, bool) ::: Is x fruity?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wooden($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Fruity($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nFruity(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_495", + "context": "Each wumpus is nervous. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not liquid. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is hot. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is sour. Each zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not floral. Every jompus is an impus. Every numpus is not orange. Impuses are orange. Each impus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not opaque. Each yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is small. Every rompus is a dumpus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is orange.", + "answer": "A", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nHot($x, bool) ::: Is x hot?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nFloral($x, bool) ::: Is x floral?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\n\nFacts:\nVumpus(Sam, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, False)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Hot($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Floral($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nOrange(Sam, True)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_496", + "context": "Each zumpus is not metallic. Every zumpus is a jompus. Rompuses are not aggressive. Jompuses are not red. Each jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not nervous. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is cold. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not dull. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are aggressive. Every numpus is an impus. Alex is a tumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not aggressive.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nRed($x, bool) ::: Is x red?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nTumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpuses?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nVumpuses($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpuses?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nSpicy($x, bool) ::: Is x spicy?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nTumpuses(Alex, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Red($x, False)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, False)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpuses($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nTumpuses($x, True) >>> Vumpuses($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nVumpuses($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Spicy($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nAggressive(Alex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_497", + "context": "Yumpuses are metallic. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is nervous. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not sour. Zumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is kind. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Every rompus is an impus. Every impus is not opaque. Impuses are dumpuses. Jompuses are not small. Dumpuses are not dull. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is orange. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Stella is a yumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nNervous($x, bool) ::: Is x nervous?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nKind($x, bool) ::: Is x kind?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\n\nFacts:\nYumpus(Stella, True)\n\nRules:\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Nervous($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, False)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Kind($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, False)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Stella, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_498", + "context": "Jompuses are earthy. Every jompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are liquid. Each vumpus is not sweet. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Every wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is aggressive. Each numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are brown. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are sweet. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not dull. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are temperate. Yumpuses are impuses. Rex is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not sweet.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nLiquid($x, bool) ::: Is x liquid?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nTransparent($x, bool) ::: Is x transparent?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nTemperate($x, bool) ::: Is x temperate?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Rex, True)\n\nRules:\nJompus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Liquid($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Wumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Transparent($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Zumpus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Temperate($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSweet(Rex, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_499", + "context": "Every wumpus is brown. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is dull. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not metallic. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are sour. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is opaque. Each numpus is an impus. Each impus is small. Every impus is a jompus. Each zumpus is not small. Fae is a dumpus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nBrown($x, bool) ::: Is x brown?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nDull($x, bool) ::: Is x dull?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nMetallic($x, bool) ::: Is x metallic?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nSour($x, bool) ::: Is x sour?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nOpaque($x, bool) ::: Is x opaque?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\n\nFacts:\nDumpus(Fae, True)\n\nRules:\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Brown($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Dull($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Metallic($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Sour($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Opaque($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nImpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Fae, False)" + ] + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_500", + "context": "Every zumpus is aggressive. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Wumpuses are not small. Each yumpus is not luminous. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are orange. Jompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is earthy. Each numpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not sweet. Each rompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is bright. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is small. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is cold. Every tumpus is an impus. Polly is a jompus.", + "question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not small.", + "answer": "B", + "options": [ + "A) True", + "B) False" + ], + "raw_logic_programs": [ + "Predicates:\nZumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Zumpus?\nAggressive($x, bool) ::: Is x aggressive?\nYumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Yumpus?\nWumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Wumpus?\nSmall($x, bool) ::: Is x small?\nJompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Jompus?\nOrange($x, bool) ::: Is x orange?\nNumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Numpus?\nEarthy($x, bool) ::: Is x earthy?\nRompus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Rompus?\nSweet($x, bool) ::: Is x sweet?\nVumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Vumpus?\nBright($x, bool) ::: Is x bright?\nDumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Dumpus?\nTumpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Tumpus?\nCold($x, bool) ::: Is x cold?\nImpus($x, bool) ::: Does x belong to Impus?\nLuminous($x, bool) ::: Is x luminous?\n\nFacts:\nJompus(Polly, True)\n\nRules:\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Aggressive($x, True)\nZumpus($x, True) >>> Yumpus($x, True)\nWumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Luminous($x, False)\nYumpus($x, True) >>> Jompus($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Orange($x, True)\nJompus($x, True) >>> Numpus($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Earthy($x, True)\nNumpus($x, True) >>> Rompus($x, True)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Sweet($x, False)\nRompus($x, True) >>> Vumpus($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Bright($x, True)\nVumpus($x, True) >>> Dumpus($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Small($x, True)\nDumpus($x, True) >>> Tumpus($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Cold($x, True)\nTumpus($x, True) >>> Impus($x, True)\n\nQuery:\nSmall(Polly, False)" + ] + } +] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/examples/ProntoQA_dev_processed.json b/examples/ProntoQA_dev_processed.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e544ef8 --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/ProntoQA_dev_processed.json @@ -0,0 +1,3502 @@ +[ + { + "id": "ProntoQA_1", + "question": "Jompuses are not shy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is aggressive. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not wooden. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are red. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is opaque. Impuses are tumpuses. Numpuses are sour. Tumpuses are not sour. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are earthy. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are small. Zumpuses are rompuses. Max is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is sour.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Jompuses are not shy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is aggressive. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not wooden. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are red. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is opaque. Impuses are tumpuses. Numpuses are sour. Tumpuses are not sour. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are earthy. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are small. Zumpuses are rompuses. Max is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is sour." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_2", + "question": "Every tumpus is not angry. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every numpus is not bright. Rompuses are not luminous. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not bitter. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are red. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is happy. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Each jompus is a wumpus. Stella is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is bright.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is not angry. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every numpus is not bright. Rompuses are not luminous. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not bitter. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are red. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is happy. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Each jompus is a wumpus. Stella is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_3", + "question": "Vumpuses are floral. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are brown. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are small. Each wumpus is a rompus. Each zumpus is metallic. Every rompus is happy. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is amenable. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not metallic. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is bitter. Each numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is cold. Each jompus is a yumpus. Wren is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not metallic.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are floral. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are brown. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are small. Each wumpus is a rompus. Each zumpus is metallic. Every rompus is happy. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is amenable. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not metallic. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is bitter. Each numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is cold. Each jompus is a yumpus. Wren is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_4", + "question": "Rompuses are spicy. Every rompus is an impus. Yumpuses are not small. Impuses are orange. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not hot. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are metallic. Numpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not kind. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not bright. Every dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not shy. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Alex is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Rompuses are spicy. Every rompus is an impus. Yumpuses are not small. Impuses are orange. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not hot. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are metallic. Numpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not kind. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not bright. Every dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not shy. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Alex is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_5", + "question": "Rompuses are mean. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not happy. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not temperate. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not large. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is earthy. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are blue. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not dull. Wumpuses are impuses. Each vumpus is dull. Impuses are sour. Impuses are dumpuses. Alex is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not dull.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are mean. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not happy. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not temperate. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not large. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is earthy. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are blue. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not dull. Wumpuses are impuses. Each vumpus is dull. Impuses are sour. Impuses are dumpuses. Alex is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_6", + "question": "Every tumpus is large. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not opaque. Every dumpus is not dull. Every wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is brown. Each rompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is temperate. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is liquid. Each numpus is an impus. Impuses are spicy. Every impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not nervous. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Wren is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is dull.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is large. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not opaque. Every dumpus is not dull. Every wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is brown. Each rompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is temperate. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is liquid. Each numpus is an impus. Impuses are spicy. Every impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not nervous. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Wren is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_7", + "question": "Every rompus is orange. Every rompus is an impus. Vumpuses are happy. Every impus is spicy. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not kind. Numpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not bright. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not liquid. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not happy. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is earthy. Each zumpus is a jompus. Stella is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is happy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every rompus is orange. Every rompus is an impus. Vumpuses are happy. Every impus is spicy. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not kind. Numpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not bright. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not liquid. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not happy. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is earthy. Each zumpus is a jompus. Stella is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_8", + "question": "Every jompus is sour. Each jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are not kind. Every rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is feisty. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are opaque. Wumpuses are impuses. Every yumpus is hot. Impuses are brown. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not hot. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is dull. Vumpuses are numpuses. Alex is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is hot.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every jompus is sour. Each jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are not kind. Every rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is feisty. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are opaque. Wumpuses are impuses. Every yumpus is hot. Impuses are brown. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not hot. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is dull. Vumpuses are numpuses. Alex is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is hot." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_9", + "question": "Every dumpus is not shy. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Rompuses are not wooden. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not floral. Each wumpus is an impus. Impuses are bitter. Every impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are small. Each vumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is wooden. Each numpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is orange. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is amenable. Every jompus is a zumpus. Wren is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is wooden.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every dumpus is not shy. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Rompuses are not wooden. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not floral. Each wumpus is an impus. Impuses are bitter. Every impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are small. Each vumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is wooden. Each numpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is orange. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is amenable. Every jompus is a zumpus. Wren is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is wooden." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_10", + "question": "Every impus is earthy. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not amenable. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are wooden. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is temperate. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not shy. Every yumpus is sweet. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not sweet. Numpuses are tumpuses. Fae is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is sweet.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every impus is earthy. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not amenable. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are wooden. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is temperate. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not shy. Every yumpus is sweet. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not sweet. Numpuses are tumpuses. Fae is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is sweet." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_11", + "question": "Each jompus is not amenable. Wumpuses are not fruity. Every jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not shy. Every vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not bitter. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is orange. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Each zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are metallic. Every numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is large. Each tumpus is an impus. Sam is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not fruity.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each jompus is not amenable. Wumpuses are not fruity. Every jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not shy. Every vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not bitter. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is orange. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Each zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are metallic. Every numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is large. Each tumpus is an impus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_12", + "question": "Each tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is cold. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Jompuses are floral. Every yumpus is not amenable. Each yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is opaque. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not floral. Impuses are wumpuses. Fae is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not floral.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is cold. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Jompuses are floral. Every yumpus is not amenable. Each yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is opaque. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not floral. Impuses are wumpuses. Fae is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not floral." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_13", + "question": "Each yumpus is opaque. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Dumpuses are floral. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is hot. Every zumpus is an impus. Each impus is large. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are spicy. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are amenable. Each numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are dull. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not metallic. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Max is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is dull.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each yumpus is opaque. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Dumpuses are floral. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is hot. Every zumpus is an impus. Each impus is large. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are spicy. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are amenable. Each numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are dull. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not metallic. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Max is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_14", + "question": "Jompuses are large. Every jompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is sweet. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is hot. Each tumpus is opaque. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is brown. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not opaque. Wumpuses are impuses. Fae is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Jompuses are large. Every jompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is sweet. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is hot. Each tumpus is opaque. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is brown. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not opaque. Wumpuses are impuses. Fae is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_15", + "question": "Jompuses are not small. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not kind. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are metallic. Vumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is fruity. Each numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are nervous. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is opaque. Every wumpus is dull. Each rompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is hot. Every zumpus is an impus. Every impus is not dull. Each impus is a yumpus. Sam is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Jompuses are not small. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not kind. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are metallic. Vumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is fruity. Each numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are nervous. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is opaque. Every wumpus is dull. Each rompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is hot. Every zumpus is an impus. Every impus is not dull. Each impus is a yumpus. Sam is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_16", + "question": "Yumpuses are hot. Each yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are happy. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is not amenable. Every impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are opaque. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Numpuses are small. Tumpuses are orange. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not small. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is fruity. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not dull. Every jompus is a zumpus. Sally is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are hot. Each yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are happy. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is not amenable. Every impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are opaque. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Numpuses are small. Tumpuses are orange. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not small. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is fruity. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not dull. Every jompus is a zumpus. Sally is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_17", + "question": "Each numpus is not nervous. Every numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are liquid. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are fruity. Zumpuses are not opaque. Each jompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is kind. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are opaque. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not small. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are dull. Rompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is temperate. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Fae is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each numpus is not nervous. Every numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are liquid. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are fruity. Zumpuses are not opaque. Each jompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is kind. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are opaque. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not small. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are dull. Rompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is temperate. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Fae is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_18", + "question": "Each dumpus is bright. Each dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is aggressive. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are brown. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Every impus is fruity. Every vumpus is sour. Every vumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not temperate. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are metallic. Zumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not fruity. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Sam is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is fruity.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each dumpus is bright. Each dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is aggressive. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are brown. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Every impus is fruity. Every vumpus is sour. Every vumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not temperate. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are metallic. Zumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not fruity. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Sam is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_19", + "question": "Each numpus is not opaque. Each numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is feisty. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are fruity. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is wooden. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are blue. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is spicy. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not kind. Impuses are rompuses. Jompuses are not dull. Every rompus is dull. Each rompus is a vumpus. Sam is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each numpus is not opaque. Each numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is feisty. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are fruity. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is wooden. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are blue. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is spicy. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not kind. Impuses are rompuses. Jompuses are not dull. Every rompus is dull. Each rompus is a vumpus. Sam is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_20", + "question": "Each yumpus is not small. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is opaque. Every dumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is shy. Each numpus is sour. Every jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is brown. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are dull. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not sour. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not luminous. Rompuses are impuses. Stella is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is sour.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each yumpus is not small. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is opaque. Every dumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is shy. Each numpus is sour. Every jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is brown. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are dull. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not sour. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not luminous. Rompuses are impuses. Stella is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is sour." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_21", + "question": "Vumpuses are earthy. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not wooden. Dumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is kind. Each numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is small. Every rompus is a jompus. Every jompus is bright. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are orange. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are sour. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are transparent. Tumpuses are not orange. Each impus is a wumpus. Max is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is orange.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are earthy. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not wooden. Dumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is kind. Each numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is small. Every rompus is a jompus. Every jompus is bright. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are orange. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are sour. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are transparent. Tumpuses are not orange. Each impus is a wumpus. Max is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is orange." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_22", + "question": "Every wumpus is sour. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is aggressive. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is transparent. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are wooden. Each vumpus is a jompus. Each impus is not feisty. Every jompus is large. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are red. Numpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is feisty. Each rompus is a zumpus. Wren is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not feisty.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is sour. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is aggressive. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is transparent. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are wooden. Each vumpus is a jompus. Each impus is not feisty. Every jompus is large. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are red. Numpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is feisty. Each rompus is a zumpus. Wren is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not feisty." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_23", + "question": "Every zumpus is not opaque. Each zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is amenable. Impuses are not bitter. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not cold. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is wooden. Every tumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is floral. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bitter. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not feisty. Wumpuses are jompuses. Sally is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is bitter.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is not opaque. Each zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is amenable. Impuses are not bitter. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not cold. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is wooden. Every tumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is floral. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bitter. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not feisty. Wumpuses are jompuses. Sally is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is bitter." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_24", + "question": "Every numpus is floral. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not nervous. Each jompus is an impus. Every impus is brown. Every dumpus is not amenable. Each impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not bitter. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not small. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are hot. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are amenable. Every rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is bright. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Alex is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is amenable.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every numpus is floral. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not nervous. Each jompus is an impus. Every impus is brown. Every dumpus is not amenable. Each impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not bitter. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not small. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are hot. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are amenable. Every rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is bright. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Alex is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is amenable." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_25", + "question": "Zumpuses are dull. Every vumpus is not transparent. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are blue. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are liquid. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not spicy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not dull. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is floral. Every yumpus is an impus. Impuses are hot. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is large. Jompuses are dumpuses. Sam is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are dull. Every vumpus is not transparent. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are blue. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are liquid. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not spicy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not dull. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is floral. Every yumpus is an impus. Impuses are hot. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is large. Jompuses are dumpuses. Sam is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_26", + "question": "Each numpus is fruity. Every numpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is dull. Every tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not orange. Each jompus is an impus. Each impus is not shy. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are sweet. Wumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not amenable. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is large. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Every vumpus is not large. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Rex is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is large.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each numpus is fruity. Every numpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is dull. Every tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not orange. Each jompus is an impus. Each impus is not shy. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are sweet. Wumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not amenable. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is large. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Every vumpus is not large. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Rex is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_27", + "question": "Wumpuses are not sour. Each wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are dull. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is feisty. Jompuses are aggressive. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are hot. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are blue. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not aggressive. Impuses are yumpuses. Fae is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not aggressive.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are not sour. Each wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are dull. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is feisty. Jompuses are aggressive. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are hot. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are blue. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not aggressive. Impuses are yumpuses. Fae is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not aggressive." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_28", + "question": "Each impus is small. Each zumpus is not fruity. Every zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is bitter. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not wooden. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not temperate. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is dull. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not small. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is nervous. Each jompus is a vumpus. Alex is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each impus is small. Each zumpus is not fruity. Every zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is bitter. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not wooden. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not temperate. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is dull. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not small. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is nervous. Each jompus is a vumpus. Alex is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_29", + "question": "Every jompus is liquid. Jompuses are rompuses. Every rompus is mean. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is transparent. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not earthy. Each dumpus is bright. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not bright. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is feisty. Numpuses are wumpuses. Max is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is bright.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every jompus is liquid. Jompuses are rompuses. Every rompus is mean. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is transparent. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not earthy. Each dumpus is bright. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not bright. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is feisty. Numpuses are wumpuses. Max is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_30", + "question": "Impuses are bright. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are mean. Every zumpus is not temperate. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are transparent. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is shy. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not blue. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not fruity. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are temperate. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are metallic. Rompuses are yumpuses. Fae is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is temperate.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Impuses are bright. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are mean. Every zumpus is not temperate. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are transparent. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is shy. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not blue. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not fruity. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are temperate. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are metallic. Rompuses are yumpuses. Fae is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_31", + "question": "Each jompus is not small. Each wumpus is angry. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are temperate. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are brown. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are wooden. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not angry. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not dull. Every numpus is a vumpus. Wren is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not angry.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each jompus is not small. Each wumpus is angry. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are temperate. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are brown. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are wooden. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not angry. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not dull. Every numpus is a vumpus. Wren is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not angry." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_32", + "question": "Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not aggressive. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not wooden. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not nervous. Each jompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is temperate. Rompuses are wooden. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is blue. Impuses are yumpuses. Sally is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not wooden.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not aggressive. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not wooden. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not nervous. Each jompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is temperate. Rompuses are wooden. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is blue. Impuses are yumpuses. Sally is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not wooden." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_33", + "question": "Every yumpus is not temperate. Yumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is large. Every rompus is an impus. Impuses are not blue. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are nervous. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are bright. Numpuses are not bright. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not fruity. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are mean. Vumpuses are jompuses. Stella is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not bright.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every yumpus is not temperate. Yumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is large. Every rompus is an impus. Impuses are not blue. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are nervous. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are bright. Numpuses are not bright. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not fruity. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are mean. Vumpuses are jompuses. Stella is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_34", + "question": "Impuses are bright. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are floral. Each rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is opaque. Yumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is red. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are bitter. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not mean. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not shy. Each wumpus is shy. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is temperate. Zumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is shy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are bright. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are floral. Each rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is opaque. Yumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is red. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are bitter. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not mean. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not shy. Each wumpus is shy. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is temperate. Zumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is shy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_35", + "question": "Each zumpus is not wooden. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not sour. Every vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is floral. Each jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are dull. Every impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is feisty. Numpuses are not orange. Every yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are orange. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not aggressive. Rompuses are tumpuses. Fae is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is orange.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is not wooden. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not sour. Every vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is floral. Each jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are dull. Every impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is feisty. Numpuses are not orange. Every yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are orange. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not aggressive. Rompuses are tumpuses. Fae is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is orange." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_36", + "question": "Every jompus is bright. Every jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is wooden. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are amenable. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are shy. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not small. Every rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are fruity. Each dumpus is not shy. Numpuses are vumpuses. Sally is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is shy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every jompus is bright. Every jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is wooden. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are amenable. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are shy. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not small. Every rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are fruity. Each dumpus is not shy. Numpuses are vumpuses. Sally is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is shy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_37", + "question": "Impuses are not fruity. Impuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not temperate. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Rompuses are not sweet. Dumpuses are kind. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are wooden. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are sweet. Tumpuses are jompuses. Wren is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is sweet.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Impuses are not fruity. Impuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not temperate. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Rompuses are not sweet. Dumpuses are kind. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are wooden. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are sweet. Tumpuses are jompuses. Wren is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is sweet." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_38", + "question": "Vumpuses are wooden. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not transparent. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not bright. Each yumpus is an impus. Every rompus is happy. Impuses are not happy. Each impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are brown. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not sour. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not angry. Numpuses are tumpuses. Polly is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not happy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are wooden. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not transparent. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not bright. Each yumpus is an impus. Every rompus is happy. Impuses are not happy. Each impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are brown. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not sour. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not angry. Numpuses are tumpuses. Polly is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_39", + "question": "Each rompus is amenable. Each rompus is an impus. Impuses are happy. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are sour. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not large. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Yumpuses are not hot. Every vumpus is liquid. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are dumpuses. Stella is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not hot.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each rompus is amenable. Each rompus is an impus. Impuses are happy. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are sour. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not large. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Yumpuses are not hot. Every vumpus is liquid. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are dumpuses. Stella is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not hot." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_40", + "question": "Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are red. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are bitter. Each numpus is a wumpus. Each impus is not amenable. Every wumpus is bright. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is temperate. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are floral. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Each tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is amenable. Every jompus is a zumpus. Sally is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is amenable.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are red. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are bitter. Each numpus is a wumpus. Each impus is not amenable. Every wumpus is bright. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is temperate. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are floral. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Each tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is amenable. Every jompus is a zumpus. Sally is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is amenable." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_41", + "question": "Rompuses are transparent. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are earthy. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not large. Each jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not brown. Tumpuses are hot. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are bitter. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not shy. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not hot. Impuses are vumpuses. Max is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not hot.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are transparent. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are earthy. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not large. Each jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not brown. Tumpuses are hot. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are bitter. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not shy. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not hot. Impuses are vumpuses. Max is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not hot." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_42", + "question": "Tumpuses are dull. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not sour. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are feisty. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are cold. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is transparent. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not amenable. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is orange. Each zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are earthy. Each impus is not orange. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wren is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not orange.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are dull. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not sour. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are feisty. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are cold. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is transparent. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not amenable. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is orange. Each zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are earthy. Each impus is not orange. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wren is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not orange." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_43", + "question": "Each impus is luminous. Every impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is shy. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not cold. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are large. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is angry. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not earthy. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not sour. Dumpuses are not angry. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not opaque. Rompuses are wumpuses. Polly is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is angry.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each impus is luminous. Every impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is shy. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not cold. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are large. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is angry. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not earthy. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not sour. Dumpuses are not angry. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not opaque. Rompuses are wumpuses. Polly is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is angry." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_44", + "question": "Yumpuses are floral. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not temperate. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not dull. Impuses are not spicy. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not opaque. Each numpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is amenable. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not red. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are spicy. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are shy. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Rex is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not spicy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are floral. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not temperate. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not dull. Impuses are not spicy. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not opaque. Each numpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is amenable. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not red. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are spicy. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are shy. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Rex is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not spicy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_45", + "question": "Dumpuses are cold. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not bitter. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are large. Each tumpus is not wooden. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is wooden. Impuses are rompuses. Fae is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is wooden.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are cold. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not bitter. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are large. Each tumpus is not wooden. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is wooden. Impuses are rompuses. Fae is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is wooden." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_46", + "question": "Each rompus is nervous. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are angry. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are earthy. Every tumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not cold. Each numpus is an impus. Dumpuses are metallic. Impuses are dull. Each impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not opaque. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is blue. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not metallic. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Sally is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not metallic.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each rompus is nervous. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are angry. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are earthy. Every tumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not cold. Each numpus is an impus. Dumpuses are metallic. Impuses are dull. Each impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not opaque. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is blue. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not metallic. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Sally is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_47", + "question": "Vumpuses are fruity. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are opaque. Every jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is nervous. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is sour. Impuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not amenable. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not metallic. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are large. Every numpus is a rompus. Dumpuses are not cold. Each rompus is cold. Each rompus is a zumpus. Max is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are fruity. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are opaque. Every jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is nervous. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is sour. Impuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not amenable. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not metallic. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are large. Every numpus is a rompus. Dumpuses are not cold. Each rompus is cold. Each rompus is a zumpus. Max is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_48", + "question": "Tumpuses are fruity. Yumpuses are nervous. Yumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is large. Each numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is red. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are temperate. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is spicy. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are not metallic. Impuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is bright. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not fruity. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Sam is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not fruity.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are fruity. Yumpuses are nervous. Yumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is large. Each numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is red. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are temperate. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is spicy. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are not metallic. Impuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is bright. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not fruity. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_49", + "question": "Wumpuses are dull. Wumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not cold. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are feisty. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are mean. Numpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not earthy. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is opaque. Impuses are liquid. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not liquid. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not spicy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Wren is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is liquid.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are dull. Wumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not cold. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are feisty. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are mean. Numpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not earthy. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is opaque. Impuses are liquid. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not liquid. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not spicy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Wren is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is liquid." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_50", + "question": "Jompuses are not blue. Each rompus is happy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not cold. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is liquid. Each wumpus is an impus. Each impus is kind. Every impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is bright. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is sour. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is small. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is blue. Every tumpus is a numpus. Fae is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Jompuses are not blue. Each rompus is happy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not cold. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is liquid. Each wumpus is an impus. Each impus is kind. Every impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is bright. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is sour. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is small. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is blue. Every tumpus is a numpus. Fae is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_51", + "question": "Every zumpus is small. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is sweet. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not feisty. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not dull. Dumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is transparent. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not earthy. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is cold. Numpuses are not cold. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Max is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is small. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is sweet. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not feisty. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not dull. Dumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is transparent. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not earthy. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is cold. Numpuses are not cold. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Max is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_52", + "question": "Every jompus is spicy. Every jompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not transparent. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are feisty. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not dull. Every wumpus is an impus. Every vumpus is not blue. Impuses are blue. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not floral. Each tumpus is a numpus. Polly is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is blue.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every jompus is spicy. Every jompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not transparent. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are feisty. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not dull. Every wumpus is an impus. Every vumpus is not blue. Impuses are blue. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not floral. Each tumpus is a numpus. Polly is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is blue." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_53", + "question": "Numpuses are kind. Each numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not wooden. Every zumpus is not dull. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not nervous. Each impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is hot. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is earthy. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Fae is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is dull.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Numpuses are kind. Each numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not wooden. Every zumpus is not dull. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not nervous. Each impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is hot. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is earthy. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Fae is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_54", + "question": "Every tumpus is not transparent. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not large. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are angry. Vumpuses are impuses. Yumpuses are red. Impuses are happy. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are metallic. Each zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are dull. Rompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not red. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not sweet. Numpuses are dumpuses. Stella is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not red.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is not transparent. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not large. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are angry. Vumpuses are impuses. Yumpuses are red. Impuses are happy. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are metallic. Each zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are dull. Rompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not red. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not sweet. Numpuses are dumpuses. Stella is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_55", + "question": "Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are blue. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are hot. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are luminous. Each vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are mean. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is not small. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not feisty. Yumpuses are not mean. Every rompus is a zumpus. Rex is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is mean.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are blue. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are hot. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are luminous. Each vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are mean. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is not small. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not feisty. Yumpuses are not mean. Every rompus is a zumpus. Rex is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is mean." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_56", + "question": "Zumpuses are bright. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not kind. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are feisty. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is floral. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is hot. Rompuses are liquid. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not brown. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are bitter. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is not liquid. Impuses are yumpuses. Sam is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not liquid.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are bright. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not kind. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are feisty. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is floral. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is hot. Rompuses are liquid. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not brown. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are bitter. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is not liquid. Impuses are yumpuses. Sam is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not liquid." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_57", + "question": "Rompuses are luminous. Yumpuses are feisty. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is not sour. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not fruity. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is blue. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not feisty. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are kind. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not large. Zumpuses are jompuses. Alex is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not feisty.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are luminous. Yumpuses are feisty. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is not sour. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not fruity. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is blue. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not feisty. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are kind. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not large. Zumpuses are jompuses. Alex is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not feisty." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_58", + "question": "Tumpuses are kind. Every tumpus is an impus. Impuses are not dull. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not large. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is happy. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every dumpus is not fruity. Each wumpus is sweet. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are orange. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are transparent. Each numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are fruity. Every vumpus is a rompus. Fae is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not fruity.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are kind. Every tumpus is an impus. Impuses are not dull. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not large. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is happy. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every dumpus is not fruity. Each wumpus is sweet. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are orange. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are transparent. Each numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are fruity. Every vumpus is a rompus. Fae is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_59", + "question": "Each rompus is mean. Every rompus is a wumpus. Each tumpus is nervous. Wumpuses are brown. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is large. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is dull. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are earthy. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not sour. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are transparent. Each impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not nervous. Dumpuses are jompuses. Max is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not nervous.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each rompus is mean. Every rompus is a wumpus. Each tumpus is nervous. Wumpuses are brown. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is large. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is dull. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are earthy. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not sour. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are transparent. Each impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not nervous. Dumpuses are jompuses. Max is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not nervous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_60", + "question": "Wumpuses are large. Each wumpus is an impus. Each impus is not hot. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is earthy. Zumpuses are mean. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are liquid. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not mean. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Sam is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is mean.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are large. Each wumpus is an impus. Each impus is not hot. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is earthy. Zumpuses are mean. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are liquid. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not mean. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Sam is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is mean." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_61", + "question": "Rompuses are amenable. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is bright. Vumpuses are nervous. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is sweet. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not nervous. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not liquid. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not small. Each impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not transparent. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Max is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not nervous.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are amenable. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is bright. Vumpuses are nervous. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is sweet. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not nervous. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not liquid. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not small. Each impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not transparent. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Max is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not nervous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_62", + "question": "Every zumpus is nervous. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is large. Dumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is brown. Vumpuses are transparent. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not bitter. Numpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is floral. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not transparent. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not bright. Every tumpus is an impus. Wren is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not transparent.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is nervous. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is large. Dumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is brown. Vumpuses are transparent. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not bitter. Numpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is floral. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not transparent. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not bright. Every tumpus is an impus. Wren is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_63", + "question": "Numpuses are not mean. Each zumpus is not brown. Numpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not cold. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not happy. Every vumpus is an impus. Each impus is liquid. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Every jompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is spicy. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is fruity. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are brown. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Rex is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is brown.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Numpuses are not mean. Each zumpus is not brown. Numpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not cold. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not happy. Every vumpus is an impus. Each impus is liquid. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Every jompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is spicy. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is fruity. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are brown. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Rex is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is brown." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_64", + "question": "Tumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not earthy. Every rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is sweet. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is luminous. Zumpuses are impuses. Every numpus is temperate. Impuses are not temperate. Every impus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is red. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is kind. Every yumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is shy. Every jompus is a vumpus. Sam is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not temperate.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not earthy. Every rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is sweet. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is luminous. Zumpuses are impuses. Every numpus is temperate. Impuses are not temperate. Every impus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is red. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is kind. Every yumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is shy. Every jompus is a vumpus. Sam is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_65", + "question": "Each rompus is spicy. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is happy. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is blue. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not large. Every jompus is a wumpus. Every impus is angry. Each wumpus is not angry. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is dull. Every tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not luminous. Numpuses are yumpuses. Max is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is angry.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each rompus is spicy. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is happy. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is blue. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not large. Every jompus is a wumpus. Every impus is angry. Each wumpus is not angry. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is dull. Every tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not luminous. Numpuses are yumpuses. Max is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is angry." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_66", + "question": "Impuses are not large. Each impus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are floral. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not transparent. Each jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is nervous. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Rompuses are not sweet. Each vumpus is hot. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is mean. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are dull. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are sweet. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Sam is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not sweet.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are not large. Each impus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are floral. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not transparent. Each jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is nervous. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Rompuses are not sweet. Each vumpus is hot. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is mean. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are dull. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are sweet. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Sam is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not sweet." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_67", + "question": "Numpuses are not mean. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is not fruity. Impuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is small. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is transparent. Each tumpus is a jompus. Wumpuses are not orange. Each jompus is not bright. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are orange. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is sweet. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are wooden. Every yumpus is a rompus. Sam is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is orange.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Numpuses are not mean. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is not fruity. Impuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is small. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is transparent. Each tumpus is a jompus. Wumpuses are not orange. Each jompus is not bright. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are orange. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is sweet. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are wooden. Every yumpus is a rompus. Sam is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is orange." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_68", + "question": "Rompuses are large. Every rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not blue. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are cold. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is fruity. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is spicy. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each vumpus is not spicy. Zumpuses are not dull. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are liquid. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is opaque. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Wren is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is spicy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are large. Every rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not blue. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are cold. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is fruity. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is spicy. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each vumpus is not spicy. Zumpuses are not dull. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are liquid. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is opaque. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Wren is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is spicy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_69", + "question": "Each tumpus is not blue. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not transparent. Every vumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not fruity. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not nervous. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not liquid. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not cold. Zumpuses are cold. Each jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is aggressive. Each impus is a wumpus. Wren is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not cold.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is not blue. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not transparent. Every vumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not fruity. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not nervous. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not liquid. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not cold. Zumpuses are cold. Each jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is aggressive. Each impus is a wumpus. Wren is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_70", + "question": "Each jompus is earthy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are metallic. Each yumpus is an impus. Each dumpus is not transparent. Impuses are nervous. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is small. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not transparent.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each jompus is earthy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are metallic. Each yumpus is an impus. Each dumpus is not transparent. Impuses are nervous. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is small. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_71", + "question": "Every rompus is cold. Each rompus is an impus. Every numpus is not dull. Each impus is large. Impuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is mean. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is floral. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are opaque. Every zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is dull. Each jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is shy. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is wooden. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Sally is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not dull.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every rompus is cold. Each rompus is an impus. Every numpus is not dull. Each impus is large. Impuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is mean. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is floral. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are opaque. Every zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is dull. Each jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is shy. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is wooden. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Sally is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_72", + "question": "Tumpuses are not small. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is aggressive. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is bright. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not liquid. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is orange. Every vumpus is an impus. Every impus is not transparent. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is fruity. Every zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is sour. Rompuses are not fruity. Numpuses are dumpuses. Sam is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is fruity.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are not small. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is aggressive. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is bright. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not liquid. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is orange. Every vumpus is an impus. Every impus is not transparent. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is fruity. Every zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is sour. Rompuses are not fruity. Numpuses are dumpuses. Sam is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_73", + "question": "Rompuses are bitter. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are nervous. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not blue. Dumpuses are not earthy. Every jompus is an impus. Impuses are bright. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are earthy. Every numpus is a vumpus. Wren is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not earthy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Rompuses are bitter. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are nervous. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not blue. Dumpuses are not earthy. Every jompus is an impus. Impuses are bright. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are earthy. Every numpus is a vumpus. Wren is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_74", + "question": "Vumpuses are sour. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is angry. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not small. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not blue. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not fruity. Wumpuses are fruity. Every rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are hot. Each numpus is an impus. Every impus is transparent. Every impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are wooden. Every dumpus is a jompus. Sam is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not fruity.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are sour. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is angry. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not small. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not blue. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not fruity. Wumpuses are fruity. Every rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are hot. Each numpus is an impus. Every impus is transparent. Every impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are wooden. Every dumpus is a jompus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_75", + "question": "Jompuses are bright. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Rompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is red. Each vumpus is a numpus. Every zumpus is not fruity. Every numpus is not spicy. Numpuses are impuses. Each impus is temperate. Every impus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is fruity. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are liquid. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are small. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Polly is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is fruity.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Jompuses are bright. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Rompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is red. Each vumpus is a numpus. Every zumpus is not fruity. Every numpus is not spicy. Numpuses are impuses. Each impus is temperate. Every impus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is fruity. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are liquid. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are small. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Polly is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_76", + "question": "Zumpuses are not spicy. Each yumpus is cold. Yumpuses are impuses. Every impus is red. Impuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not feisty. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are angry. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is spicy. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not small. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is luminous. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Sally is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is spicy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are not spicy. Each yumpus is cold. Yumpuses are impuses. Every impus is red. Impuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not feisty. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are angry. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is spicy. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not small. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is luminous. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Sally is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is spicy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_77", + "question": "Jompuses are dull. Each jompus is a rompus. Each rompus is nervous. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is kind. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Tumpuses are not opaque. Each wumpus is bitter. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is fruity. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are wooden. Each impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is opaque. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is small. Vumpuses are numpuses. Sam is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Jompuses are dull. Each jompus is a rompus. Each rompus is nervous. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is kind. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Tumpuses are not opaque. Each wumpus is bitter. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is fruity. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are wooden. Each impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is opaque. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is small. Vumpuses are numpuses. Sam is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_78", + "question": "Each impus is not happy. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is brown. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each jompus is not small. Dumpuses are not earthy. Every dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is transparent. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are kind. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is liquid. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are hot. Each tumpus is a numpus. Fae is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is small.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each impus is not happy. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is brown. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each jompus is not small. Dumpuses are not earthy. Every dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is transparent. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are kind. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is liquid. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are hot. Each tumpus is a numpus. Fae is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_79", + "question": "Each impus is earthy. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is temperate. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are wooden. Each dumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not blue. Each numpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is large. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are dull. Tumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is nervous. Jompuses are zumpuses. Stella is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is blue.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each impus is earthy. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is temperate. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are wooden. Each dumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not blue. Each numpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is large. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are dull. Tumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is nervous. Jompuses are zumpuses. Stella is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is blue." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_80", + "question": "Each numpus is large. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are not cold. Impuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not floral. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not luminous. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Each rompus is not blue. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is happy. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are sour. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Each wumpus is a jompus. Sally is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is blue.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each numpus is large. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are not cold. Impuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not floral. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not luminous. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Each rompus is not blue. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is happy. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are sour. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Each wumpus is a jompus. Sally is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is blue." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_81", + "question": "Jompuses are not dull. Every wumpus is opaque. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not floral. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not luminous. Each numpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not orange. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Every zumpus is an impus. Every impus is spicy. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not temperate. Every rompus is a yumpus. Sam is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is dull.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Jompuses are not dull. Every wumpus is opaque. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not floral. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not luminous. Each numpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not orange. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Every zumpus is an impus. Every impus is spicy. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not temperate. Every rompus is a yumpus. Sam is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_82", + "question": "Impuses are mean. Each impus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are hot. Every wumpus is a numpus. Jompuses are happy. Numpuses are fruity. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not dull. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not happy. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not opaque. Every vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are metallic. Each rompus is a zumpus. Rex is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not happy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Impuses are mean. Each impus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are hot. Every wumpus is a numpus. Jompuses are happy. Numpuses are fruity. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not dull. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not happy. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not opaque. Every vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are metallic. Each rompus is a zumpus. Rex is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_83", + "question": "Tumpuses are transparent. Each impus is cold. Impuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is sour. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not amenable. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are wooden. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not transparent. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are dull. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are large. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is floral. Each wumpus is a jompus. Wren is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are transparent. Each impus is cold. Impuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is sour. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not amenable. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are wooden. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not transparent. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are dull. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are large. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is floral. Each wumpus is a jompus. Wren is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_84", + "question": "Vumpuses are floral. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not spicy. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are orange. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is dull. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is amenable. Every yumpus is not opaque. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not feisty. Every impus is a jompus. Each jompus is opaque. Jompuses are numpuses. Rex is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are floral. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not spicy. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are orange. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is dull. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is amenable. Every yumpus is not opaque. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not feisty. Every impus is a jompus. Each jompus is opaque. Jompuses are numpuses. Rex is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_85", + "question": "Rompuses are not earthy. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not bitter. Every zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is dull. Jompuses are vumpuses. Numpuses are not transparent. Every vumpus is not kind. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are temperate. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is liquid. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are impuses. Sam is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not transparent.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Rompuses are not earthy. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not bitter. Every zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is dull. Jompuses are vumpuses. Numpuses are not transparent. Every vumpus is not kind. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are temperate. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is liquid. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are impuses. Sam is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_86", + "question": "Zumpuses are luminous. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not spicy. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not fruity. Every vumpus is an impus. Each impus is small. Rompuses are not shy. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is temperate. Every yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is bright. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are amenable. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are shy. Dumpuses are numpuses. Stella is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not shy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are luminous. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not spicy. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not fruity. Every vumpus is an impus. Each impus is small. Rompuses are not shy. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is temperate. Every yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is bright. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are amenable. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are shy. Dumpuses are numpuses. Stella is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not shy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_87", + "question": "Numpuses are not fruity. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not orange. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are nervous. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Every impus is sour. Every vumpus is hot. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is small. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is mean. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not sour. Zumpuses are jompuses. Alex is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not sour.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Numpuses are not fruity. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not orange. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are nervous. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Every impus is sour. Every vumpus is hot. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is small. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is mean. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not sour. Zumpuses are jompuses. Alex is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not sour." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_88", + "question": "Jompuses are spicy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Every impus is not liquid. Every vumpus is blue. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is fruity. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is aggressive. Every zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are opaque. Every rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is liquid. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Wren is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is liquid.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Jompuses are spicy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Every impus is not liquid. Every vumpus is blue. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is fruity. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is aggressive. Every zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are opaque. Every rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is liquid. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Wren is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is liquid." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_89", + "question": "Tumpuses are sour. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each rompus is not brown. Each numpus is liquid. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are not small. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are brown. Jompuses are yumpuses. Max is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not brown.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are sour. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each rompus is not brown. Each numpus is liquid. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are not small. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are brown. Jompuses are yumpuses. Max is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not brown." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_90", + "question": "Each zumpus is not nervous. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is sweet. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not brown. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is large. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are fruity. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every impus is metallic. Wumpuses are not metallic. Every wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not transparent. Every numpus is a jompus. Max is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is metallic.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is not nervous. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is sweet. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not brown. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is large. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are fruity. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every impus is metallic. Wumpuses are not metallic. Every wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not transparent. Every numpus is a jompus. Max is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_91", + "question": "Numpuses are spicy. Dumpuses are not small. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not opaque. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are floral. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are cold. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not bright. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are nervous. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are mean. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are small. Zumpuses are rompuses. Wren is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Numpuses are spicy. Dumpuses are not small. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not opaque. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are floral. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are cold. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not bright. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are nervous. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are mean. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are small. Zumpuses are rompuses. Wren is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_92", + "question": "Wumpuses are transparent. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are shy. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not red. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is metallic. Each impus is a numpus. Every numpus is fruity. Numpuses are jompuses. Tumpuses are not metallic. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are spicy. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Sally is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is metallic.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are transparent. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are shy. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not red. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is metallic. Each impus is a numpus. Every numpus is fruity. Numpuses are jompuses. Tumpuses are not metallic. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are spicy. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Sally is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_93", + "question": "Every yumpus is not kind. Each yumpus is an impus. Every impus is not red. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are feisty. Each dumpus is not luminous. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is fruity. Every wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is spicy. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are luminous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not dull. Jompuses are vumpuses. Polly is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not luminous.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every yumpus is not kind. Each yumpus is an impus. Every impus is not red. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are feisty. Each dumpus is not luminous. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is fruity. Every wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is spicy. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are luminous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not dull. Jompuses are vumpuses. Polly is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not luminous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_94", + "question": "Dumpuses are wooden. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are orange. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is earthy. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are angry. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Tumpuses are not angry. Vumpuses are not spicy. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not hot. Every yumpus is an impus. Each impus is bright. Impuses are numpuses. Max is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is angry.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are wooden. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are orange. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is earthy. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are angry. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Tumpuses are not angry. Vumpuses are not spicy. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not hot. Every yumpus is an impus. Each impus is bright. Impuses are numpuses. Max is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is angry." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_95", + "question": "Each impus is large. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is kind. Each dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are metallic. Each rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is blue. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Numpuses are feisty. Zumpuses are not feisty. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is floral. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Stella is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is feisty.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each impus is large. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is kind. Each dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are metallic. Each rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is blue. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Numpuses are feisty. Zumpuses are not feisty. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is floral. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Stella is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is feisty." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_96", + "question": "Each impus is sour. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is cold. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not luminous. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is earthy. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not mean. Each tumpus is bright. Each yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is orange. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not bright. Dumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is small. Jompuses are wumpuses. Fae is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is bright.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each impus is sour. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is cold. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not luminous. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is earthy. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not mean. Each tumpus is bright. Each yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is orange. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not bright. Dumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is small. Jompuses are wumpuses. Fae is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_97", + "question": "Tumpuses are large. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not transparent. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is sweet. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is brown. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not aggressive. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are dull. Each numpus is an impus. Impuses are not metallic. Each impus is a jompus. Every dumpus is not dull. Jompuses are not cold. Jompuses are wumpuses. Polly is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not dull.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are large. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not transparent. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is sweet. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is brown. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not aggressive. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are dull. Each numpus is an impus. Impuses are not metallic. Each impus is a jompus. Every dumpus is not dull. Jompuses are not cold. Jompuses are wumpuses. Polly is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_98", + "question": "Vumpuses are liquid. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is fruity. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is bright. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is happy. Each tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Every jompus is an impus. Impuses are cold. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are angry. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not orange. Every wumpus is not angry. Yumpuses are numpuses. Rex is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not angry.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are liquid. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is fruity. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is bright. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is happy. Each tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Every jompus is an impus. Impuses are cold. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are angry. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not orange. Every wumpus is not angry. Yumpuses are numpuses. Rex is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not angry." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_99", + "question": "Dumpuses are cold. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is red. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are dull. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not kind. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are earthy. Every vumpus is an impus. Jompuses are not earthy. Impuses are not liquid. Impuses are wumpuses. Sam is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not earthy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are cold. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is red. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are dull. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not kind. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are earthy. Every vumpus is an impus. Jompuses are not earthy. Impuses are not liquid. Impuses are wumpuses. Sam is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_100", + "question": "Vumpuses are sour. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are bright. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not large. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are metallic. Each numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not angry. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not shy. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not opaque. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every zumpus is not blue. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are impuses. Alex is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is blue.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are sour. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are bright. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not large. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are metallic. Each numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not angry. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not shy. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not opaque. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every zumpus is not blue. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are impuses. Alex is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is blue." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_101", + "question": "Each zumpus is dull. Every impus is not shy. Each zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Every rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are metallic. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are fruity. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are shy. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is red. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not bitter. Jompuses are dumpuses. Sam is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not shy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is dull. Every impus is not shy. Each zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Every rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are metallic. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are fruity. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are shy. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is red. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not bitter. Jompuses are dumpuses. Sam is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not shy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_102", + "question": "Each dumpus is not dull. Tumpuses are not spicy. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is large. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are blue. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is kind. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are cold. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not transparent. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Every yumpus is an impus. Rex is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not spicy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each dumpus is not dull. Tumpuses are not spicy. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is large. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are blue. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is kind. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are cold. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not transparent. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Every yumpus is an impus. Rex is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not spicy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_103", + "question": "Every rompus is not liquid. Each rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not opaque. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are red. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not angry. Dumpuses are small. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not small. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are shy. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not bright. Every impus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not bitter. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Sally is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every rompus is not liquid. Each rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not opaque. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are red. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not angry. Dumpuses are small. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not small. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are shy. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not bright. Every impus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not bitter. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Sally is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_104", + "question": "Yumpuses are not temperate. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are floral. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are mean. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not liquid. Each impus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is red. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not sour. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each rompus is not red. Each zumpus is large. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are opaque. Numpuses are tumpuses. Stella is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is red.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are not temperate. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are floral. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are mean. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not liquid. Each impus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is red. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not sour. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each rompus is not red. Each zumpus is large. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are opaque. Numpuses are tumpuses. Stella is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_105", + "question": "Tumpuses are wooden. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are feisty. Every impus is a rompus. Each rompus is large. Each rompus is a zumpus. Wumpuses are not brown. Every zumpus is not cold. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are brown. Every numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not floral. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not mean. Each jompus is a dumpus. Alex is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not brown.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are wooden. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are feisty. Every impus is a rompus. Each rompus is large. Each rompus is a zumpus. Wumpuses are not brown. Every zumpus is not cold. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are brown. Every numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not floral. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not mean. Each jompus is a dumpus. Alex is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not brown." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_106", + "question": "Rompuses are not dull. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is floral. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are hot. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not large. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is nervous. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are spicy. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are wooden. Every numpus is an impus. Every impus is angry. Tumpuses are not angry. Each impus is a yumpus. Max is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is angry.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are not dull. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is floral. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are hot. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not large. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is nervous. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are spicy. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are wooden. Every numpus is an impus. Every impus is angry. Tumpuses are not angry. Each impus is a yumpus. Max is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is angry." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_107", + "question": "Every yumpus is not opaque. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are nervous. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not large. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are numpuses. Every wumpus is bitter. Each numpus is not bitter. Numpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not kind. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is wooden. Every jompus is a dumpus. Sally is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not bitter.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every yumpus is not opaque. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are nervous. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not large. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are numpuses. Every wumpus is bitter. Each numpus is not bitter. Numpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not kind. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is wooden. Every jompus is a dumpus. Sally is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not bitter." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_108", + "question": "Every zumpus is brown. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not dull. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Every numpus is not hot. Each yumpus is not earthy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are wooden. Every wumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is large. Every jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is amenable. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is hot. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are sweet. Rompuses are vumpuses. Wren is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not hot.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is brown. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not dull. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Every numpus is not hot. Each yumpus is not earthy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are wooden. Every wumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is large. Every jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is amenable. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is hot. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are sweet. Rompuses are vumpuses. Wren is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not hot." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_109", + "question": "Wumpuses are dull. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not liquid. Each numpus is large. Every dumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not brown. Jompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is opaque. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not large. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are sour. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are impuses. Sally is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is large.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are dull. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not liquid. Each numpus is large. Every dumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not brown. Jompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is opaque. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not large. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are sour. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are impuses. Sally is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_110", + "question": "Tumpuses are temperate. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not blue. Every jompus is a rompus. Each rompus is earthy. Vumpuses are not opaque. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is opaque. Each wumpus is a numpus. Sally is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are temperate. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not blue. Every jompus is a rompus. Each rompus is earthy. Vumpuses are not opaque. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is opaque. Each wumpus is a numpus. Sally is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_111", + "question": "Every impus is metallic. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not sweet. Jompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not cold. Every numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not dull. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is red. Each wumpus is amenable. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are happy. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is fruity. Every yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not amenable. Rompuses are zumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is amenable.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every impus is metallic. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not sweet. Jompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not cold. Every numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not dull. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is red. Each wumpus is amenable. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are happy. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is fruity. Every yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not amenable. Rompuses are zumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is amenable." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_112", + "question": "Each rompus is not large. Every rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is fruity. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not metallic. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are cold. Dumpuses are not brown. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is sweet. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is brown. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Max is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not brown.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each rompus is not large. Every rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is fruity. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not metallic. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are cold. Dumpuses are not brown. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is sweet. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is brown. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Max is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not brown." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_113", + "question": "Every rompus is wooden. Every zumpus is happy. Each zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are kind. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are spicy. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is large. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not wooden. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is transparent. Each yumpus is a numpus. Rex is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not wooden.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every rompus is wooden. Every zumpus is happy. Each zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are kind. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are spicy. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is large. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not wooden. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is transparent. Each yumpus is a numpus. Rex is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not wooden." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_114", + "question": "Every vumpus is liquid. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not aggressive. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is bright. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are opaque. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is hot. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is sweet. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are blue. Each dumpus is a jompus. Each zumpus is not sweet. Polly is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is sweet.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every vumpus is liquid. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not aggressive. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is bright. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are opaque. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is hot. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is sweet. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are blue. Each dumpus is a jompus. Each zumpus is not sweet. Polly is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is sweet." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_115", + "question": "Zumpuses are sweet. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are cold. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not blue. Jompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is floral. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Impuses are wooden. Every wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is nervous. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not wooden. Every numpus is a tumpus. Alex is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is wooden.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are sweet. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are cold. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not blue. Jompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is floral. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Impuses are wooden. Every wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is nervous. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not wooden. Every numpus is a tumpus. Alex is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is wooden." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_116", + "question": "Each numpus is not dull. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not blue. Every jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not small. Each vumpus is an impus. Every impus is mean. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not opaque. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are floral. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are nervous. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every wumpus is not hot. Dumpuses are hot. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Sally is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not hot.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each numpus is not dull. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not blue. Every jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not small. Each vumpus is an impus. Every impus is mean. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not opaque. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are floral. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are nervous. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every wumpus is not hot. Dumpuses are hot. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Sally is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not hot." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_117", + "question": "Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are yumpuses. Impuses are not angry. Yumpuses are not shy. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are blue. Each vumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is metallic. Each jompus is a rompus. Every rompus is not temperate. Every rompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is small. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bitter. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is angry. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Alex is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is angry.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are yumpuses. Impuses are not angry. Yumpuses are not shy. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are blue. Each vumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is metallic. Each jompus is a rompus. Every rompus is not temperate. Every rompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is small. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bitter. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is angry. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Alex is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is angry." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_118", + "question": "Each vumpus is hot. Each vumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is red. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is not opaque. Impuses are numpuses. Every zumpus is not sweet. Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are large. Each rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not bright. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is sweet. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is angry. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Sam is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not sweet.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each vumpus is hot. Each vumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is red. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is not opaque. Impuses are numpuses. Every zumpus is not sweet. Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are large. Each rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not bright. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is sweet. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is angry. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Sam is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not sweet." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_119", + "question": "Zumpuses are not bitter. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is luminous. Each tumpus is an impus. Each impus is orange. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is floral. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not temperate. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Each yumpus is shy. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not shy. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not amenable. Dumpuses are numpuses. Max is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is shy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are not bitter. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is luminous. Each tumpus is an impus. Each impus is orange. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is floral. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not temperate. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Each yumpus is shy. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not shy. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not amenable. Dumpuses are numpuses. Max is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is shy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_120", + "question": "Every impus is small. Impuses are rompuses. Each rompus is shy. Every rompus is a zumpus. Dumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are cold. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not opaque. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is luminous. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not fruity. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is red. Numpuses are jompuses. Stella is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not fruity.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every impus is small. Impuses are rompuses. Each rompus is shy. Every rompus is a zumpus. Dumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are cold. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not opaque. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is luminous. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not fruity. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is red. Numpuses are jompuses. Stella is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_121", + "question": "Every dumpus is not cold. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is metallic. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are dull. Each rompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is floral. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not mean. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are small. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not transparent. Each jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is sour. Every vumpus is a numpus. Tumpuses are mean. Max is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not mean.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every dumpus is not cold. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is metallic. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are dull. Each rompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is floral. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not mean. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are small. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not transparent. Each jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is sour. Every vumpus is a numpus. Tumpuses are mean. Max is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not mean." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_122", + "question": "Rompuses are metallic. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are blue. Every dumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is fruity. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is mean. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not temperate. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not dull. Each impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not transparent. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Wumpuses are transparent. Zumpuses are not sweet. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Fae is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is transparent.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Rompuses are metallic. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are blue. Every dumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is fruity. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is mean. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not temperate. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not dull. Each impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not transparent. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Wumpuses are transparent. Zumpuses are not sweet. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Fae is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_123", + "question": "Jompuses are fruity. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not metallic. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is opaque. Each rompus is not aggressive. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are nervous. Every numpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is small. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not cold. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is aggressive. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Polly is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is aggressive.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Jompuses are fruity. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not metallic. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is opaque. Each rompus is not aggressive. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are nervous. Every numpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is small. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not cold. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is aggressive. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Polly is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is aggressive." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_124", + "question": "Each yumpus is metallic. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are transparent. Every zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are floral. Every tumpus is not cold. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are happy. Each numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are cold. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not brown. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not bright. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is large. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Sam is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each yumpus is metallic. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are transparent. Every zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are floral. Every tumpus is not cold. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are happy. Each numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are cold. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not brown. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not bright. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is large. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Sam is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_125", + "question": "Every zumpus is bright. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not bitter. Every yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is small. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are brown. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not feisty. Tumpuses are feisty. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not wooden. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is transparent. Every jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not cold. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Sally is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not feisty.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is bright. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not bitter. Every yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is small. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are brown. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not feisty. Tumpuses are feisty. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not wooden. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is transparent. Every jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not cold. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Sally is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not feisty." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_126", + "question": "Impuses are not angry. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are transparent. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is sour. Wumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is orange. Each jompus is a dumpus. Every rompus is not floral. Every dumpus is floral. Dumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is luminous. Numpuses are vumpuses. Stella is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not floral.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are not angry. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are transparent. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is sour. Wumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is orange. Each jompus is a dumpus. Every rompus is not floral. Every dumpus is floral. Dumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is luminous. Numpuses are vumpuses. Stella is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not floral." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_127", + "question": "Jompuses are kind. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is bitter. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not large. Each vumpus is a numpus. Rompuses are nervous. Each numpus is not luminous. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not nervous. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not opaque. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is orange. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is bright. Every impus is a yumpus. Max is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is nervous.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Jompuses are kind. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is bitter. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not large. Each vumpus is a numpus. Rompuses are nervous. Each numpus is not luminous. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not nervous. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not opaque. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is orange. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is bright. Every impus is a yumpus. Max is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is nervous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_128", + "question": "Each yumpus is fruity. Every yumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is dull. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are nervous. Every zumpus is an impus. Each impus is large. Every impus is a vumpus. Tumpuses are temperate. Vumpuses are not temperate. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is wooden. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not red. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are amenable. Rompuses are numpuses. Sam is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is temperate.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each yumpus is fruity. Every yumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is dull. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are nervous. Every zumpus is an impus. Each impus is large. Every impus is a vumpus. Tumpuses are temperate. Vumpuses are not temperate. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is wooden. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not red. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are amenable. Rompuses are numpuses. Sam is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_129", + "question": "Every numpus is not transparent. Numpuses are impuses. Every tumpus is sweet. Each impus is metallic. Impuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are large. Every yumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is angry. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not sweet. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is bright. Jompuses are rompuses. Wren is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not sweet.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every numpus is not transparent. Numpuses are impuses. Every tumpus is sweet. Each impus is metallic. Impuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are large. Every yumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is angry. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not sweet. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is bright. Jompuses are rompuses. Wren is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not sweet." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_130", + "question": "Dumpuses are opaque. Every numpus is bitter. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are blue. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not temperate. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are feisty. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not earthy. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not opaque. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is liquid. Rompuses are zumpuses. Polly is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not opaque.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are opaque. Every numpus is bitter. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are blue. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not temperate. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are feisty. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not earthy. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not opaque. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is liquid. Rompuses are zumpuses. Polly is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_131", + "question": "Every yumpus is bitter. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is cold. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is kind. Every wumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not brown. Every numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is wooden. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is dull. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are large. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Jompuses are not dull. Vumpuses are impuses. Polly is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is dull.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every yumpus is bitter. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is cold. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is kind. Every wumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not brown. Every numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is wooden. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is dull. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are large. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Jompuses are not dull. Vumpuses are impuses. Polly is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_132", + "question": "Each vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not large. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is spicy. Each dumpus is a numpus. Each impus is blue. Numpuses are temperate. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not blue. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is happy. Each jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not amenable. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not floral. Wumpuses are rompuses. Polly is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not blue.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not large. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is spicy. Each dumpus is a numpus. Each impus is blue. Numpuses are temperate. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not blue. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is happy. Each jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not amenable. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not floral. Wumpuses are rompuses. Polly is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_133", + "question": "Each yumpus is bright. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not red. Each zumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is kind. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are luminous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not bitter. Jompuses are impuses. Every dumpus is bitter. Each impus is feisty. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are numpuses. Wren is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not bitter.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each yumpus is bright. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not red. Each zumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is kind. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are luminous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not bitter. Jompuses are impuses. Every dumpus is bitter. Each impus is feisty. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are numpuses. Wren is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not bitter." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_134", + "question": "Each impus is not liquid. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are floral. Rompuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is happy. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are blue. Each wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is temperate. Each numpus is a tumpus. Zumpuses are not temperate. Each tumpus is not bitter. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is bright. Each jompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are mean. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Stella is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is temperate.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each impus is not liquid. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are floral. Rompuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is happy. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are blue. Each wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is temperate. Each numpus is a tumpus. Zumpuses are not temperate. Each tumpus is not bitter. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is bright. Each jompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are mean. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Stella is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_135", + "question": "Wumpuses are not kind. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Yumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are not transparent. Vumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not small. Every impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is feisty. Each zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not bright. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not blue. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not liquid. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Alex is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not blue.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are not kind. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Yumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are not transparent. Vumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not small. Every impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is feisty. Each zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not bright. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not blue. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not liquid. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Alex is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_136", + "question": "Zumpuses are not fruity. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not bright. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not transparent. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are large. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is sour. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are cold. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is luminous. Impuses are not sour. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not nervous. Every numpus is a jompus. Sally is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not sour.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are not fruity. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not bright. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not transparent. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are large. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is sour. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are cold. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is luminous. Impuses are not sour. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not nervous. Every numpus is a jompus. Sally is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not sour." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_137", + "question": "Each numpus is opaque. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are hot. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is bright. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is earthy. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is spicy. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is nervous. Every zumpus is an impus. Each impus is not liquid. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is not large. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each vumpus is liquid. Rex is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not liquid.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each numpus is opaque. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are hot. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is bright. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is earthy. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is spicy. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is nervous. Every zumpus is an impus. Each impus is not liquid. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is not large. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each vumpus is liquid. Rex is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not liquid." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_138", + "question": "Rompuses are not angry. Every numpus is red. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are not bright. Every jompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is wooden. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are hot. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is feisty. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not transparent. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is not red. Every impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not large. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Sally is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is red.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Rompuses are not angry. Every numpus is red. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are not bright. Every jompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is wooden. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are hot. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is feisty. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not transparent. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is not red. Every impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not large. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Sally is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_139", + "question": "Every zumpus is not hot. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not floral. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is aggressive. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not red. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not small. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is shy. Every tumpus is a numpus. Rompuses are small. Each numpus is metallic. Numpuses are impuses. Sam is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not small.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is not hot. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not floral. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is aggressive. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not red. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not small. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is shy. Every tumpus is a numpus. Rompuses are small. Each numpus is metallic. Numpuses are impuses. Sam is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_140", + "question": "Each dumpus is large. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are cold. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Impuses are sour. Tumpuses are fruity. Every tumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not nervous. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not sour. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not luminous. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not dull. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not opaque. Every numpus is a vumpus. Stella is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is sour.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each dumpus is large. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are cold. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Impuses are sour. Tumpuses are fruity. Every tumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not nervous. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not sour. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not luminous. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not dull. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not opaque. Every numpus is a vumpus. Stella is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is sour." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_141", + "question": "Every jompus is transparent. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are red. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Zumpuses are bright. Yumpuses are shy. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are kind. Each tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not bright. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is sweet. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is earthy. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are hot. Vumpuses are rompuses. Alex is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is bright.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every jompus is transparent. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are red. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Zumpuses are bright. Yumpuses are shy. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are kind. Each tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not bright. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is sweet. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is earthy. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are hot. Vumpuses are rompuses. Alex is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_142", + "question": "Every zumpus is metallic. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not floral. Every wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are happy. Each numpus is an impus. Impuses are kind. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is large. Vumpuses are opaque. Each rompus is a jompus. Each jompus is cold. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not opaque. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Stella is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is metallic. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not floral. Every wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are happy. Each numpus is an impus. Impuses are kind. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is large. Vumpuses are opaque. Each rompus is a jompus. Each jompus is cold. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not opaque. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Stella is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_143", + "question": "Every rompus is not brown. Rompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is mean. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are fruity. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not feisty. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are liquid. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not small. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not transparent. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Max is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is transparent.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every rompus is not brown. Rompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is mean. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are fruity. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not feisty. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are liquid. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not small. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not transparent. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Max is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_144", + "question": "Each impus is not large. Jompuses are fruity. Every jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are bitter. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is nervous. Every numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not angry. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are large. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not transparent. Every wumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not dull. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are wooden. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Wren is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not large.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each impus is not large. Jompuses are fruity. Every jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are bitter. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is nervous. Every numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not angry. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are large. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not transparent. Every wumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not dull. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are wooden. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Wren is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_145", + "question": "Every wumpus is cold. Each wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is large. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not orange. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not earthy. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is kind. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is bright. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are luminous. Rompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is sour. Every jompus is not luminous. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Stella is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is luminous.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is cold. Each wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is large. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not orange. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not earthy. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is kind. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is bright. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are luminous. Rompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is sour. Every jompus is not luminous. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Stella is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is luminous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_146", + "question": "Each wumpus is happy. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are luminous. Every impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not angry. Each tumpus is not bright. Yumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is brown. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is bright. Each dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not large. Rompuses are vumpuses. Fae is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not bright.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each wumpus is happy. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are luminous. Every impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not angry. Each tumpus is not bright. Yumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is brown. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is bright. Each dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not large. Rompuses are vumpuses. Fae is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_147", + "question": "Every rompus is opaque. Each rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are temperate. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not bright. Vumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is small. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not kind. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is red. Zumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not wooden. Every jompus is kind. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not sour. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Polly is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not kind.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every rompus is opaque. Each rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are temperate. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not bright. Vumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is small. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not kind. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is red. Zumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not wooden. Every jompus is kind. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not sour. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Polly is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_148", + "question": "Jompuses are not temperate. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is not sour. Impuses are wumpuses. Every vumpus is dull. Wumpuses are mean. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are fruity. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are opaque. Each numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are feisty. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are metallic. Rompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not dull. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Fae is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not dull.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Jompuses are not temperate. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is not sour. Impuses are wumpuses. Every vumpus is dull. Wumpuses are mean. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are fruity. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are opaque. Each numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are feisty. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are metallic. Rompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not dull. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Fae is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_149", + "question": "Tumpuses are shy. Each tumpus is a jompus. Dumpuses are not transparent. Every jompus is bright. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are large. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is liquid. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are brown. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not bitter. Each vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Every rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are cold. Every numpus is a yumpus. Stella is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is transparent.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are shy. Each tumpus is a jompus. Dumpuses are not transparent. Every jompus is bright. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are large. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is liquid. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are brown. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not bitter. Each vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Every rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are cold. Every numpus is a yumpus. Stella is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_150", + "question": "Each impus is transparent. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is spicy. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are orange. Every rompus is not small. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not earthy. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are amenable. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are small. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not feisty. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Each vumpus is a numpus. Alex is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is small.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each impus is transparent. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is spicy. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are orange. Every rompus is not small. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not earthy. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are amenable. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are small. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not feisty. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Each vumpus is a numpus. Alex is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_151", + "question": "Each zumpus is sour. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is temperate. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each rompus is shy. Every numpus is not wooden. Each numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are amenable. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not shy. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is dull. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is small. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is brown. Each tumpus is an impus. Sally is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is shy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is sour. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is temperate. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each rompus is shy. Every numpus is not wooden. Each numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are amenable. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not shy. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is dull. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is small. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is brown. Each tumpus is an impus. Sally is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is shy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_152", + "question": "Every jompus is bright. Every jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are floral. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not temperate. Each yumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is sweet. Each numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are mean. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not feisty. Every impus is not transparent. Each rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are large. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Wren is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every jompus is bright. Every jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are floral. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not temperate. Each yumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is sweet. Each numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are mean. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not feisty. Every impus is not transparent. Each rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are large. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Wren is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_153", + "question": "Each jompus is brown. Yumpuses are dull. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are hot. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not luminous. Each dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is sweet. Every rompus is a numpus. Each numpus is not dull. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not floral. Zumpuses are impuses. Sally is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not dull.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each jompus is brown. Yumpuses are dull. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are hot. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not luminous. Each dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is sweet. Every rompus is a numpus. Each numpus is not dull. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not floral. Zumpuses are impuses. Sally is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_154", + "question": "Wumpuses are not opaque. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are fruity. Every yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is kind. Each jompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is sweet. Every rompus is brown. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is hot. Impuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not brown. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not bright. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are happy. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Sam is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not brown.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are not opaque. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are fruity. Every yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is kind. Each jompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is sweet. Every rompus is brown. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is hot. Impuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not brown. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not bright. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are happy. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Sam is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not brown." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_155", + "question": "Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are mean. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is liquid. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is hot. Every zumpus is an impus. Every impus is large. Impuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not bitter. Vumpuses are numpuses. Tumpuses are not large. Numpuses are dull. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is shy. Every jompus is a dumpus. Sam is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not large.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are mean. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is liquid. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is hot. Every zumpus is an impus. Every impus is large. Impuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not bitter. Vumpuses are numpuses. Tumpuses are not large. Numpuses are dull. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is shy. Every jompus is a dumpus. Sam is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_156", + "question": "Each impus is bright. Each impus is a rompus. Each rompus is not bitter. Each rompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not shy. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are red. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are transparent. Each jompus is a numpus. Each tumpus is small. Each numpus is not mean. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are hot. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Wren is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not small.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each impus is bright. Each impus is a rompus. Each rompus is not bitter. Each rompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not shy. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are red. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are transparent. Each jompus is a numpus. Each tumpus is small. Each numpus is not mean. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are hot. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Wren is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_157", + "question": "Numpuses are cold. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not bright. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Each jompus is not happy. Every yumpus is sweet. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not red. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not angry. Every rompus is an impus. Every impus is not opaque. Impuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is happy. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Polly is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not happy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Numpuses are cold. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not bright. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Each jompus is not happy. Every yumpus is sweet. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not red. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not angry. Every rompus is an impus. Every impus is not opaque. Impuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is happy. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Polly is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_158", + "question": "Yumpuses are not earthy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not feisty. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every zumpus is not spicy. Dumpuses are hot. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not brown. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are amenable. Every numpus is an impus. Impuses are spicy. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Jompuses are vumpuses. Sam is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not spicy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are not earthy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not feisty. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every zumpus is not spicy. Dumpuses are hot. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not brown. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are amenable. Every numpus is an impus. Impuses are spicy. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Jompuses are vumpuses. Sam is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not spicy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_159", + "question": "Each impus is blue. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is liquid. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not spicy. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is feisty. Each yumpus is a numpus. Tumpuses are earthy. Each numpus is kind. Every numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not earthy. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is dull. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are jompuses. Alex is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not earthy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each impus is blue. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is liquid. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not spicy. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is feisty. Each yumpus is a numpus. Tumpuses are earthy. Each numpus is kind. Every numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not earthy. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is dull. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are jompuses. Alex is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_160", + "question": "Each rompus is small. Every rompus is a numpus. Each numpus is dull. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are earthy. Yumpuses are impuses. Each impus is sour. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are liquid. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not brown. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is nervous. Dumpuses are not nervous. Every zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are aggressive. Jompuses are vumpuses. Wren is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not nervous.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each rompus is small. Every rompus is a numpus. Each numpus is dull. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are earthy. Yumpuses are impuses. Each impus is sour. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are liquid. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not brown. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is nervous. Dumpuses are not nervous. Every zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are aggressive. Jompuses are vumpuses. Wren is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not nervous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_161", + "question": "Every wumpus is opaque. Yumpuses are not red. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is spicy. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not cold. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are bright. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are nervous. Numpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not large. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are metallic. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are red. Impuses are zumpuses. Max is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is red.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is opaque. Yumpuses are not red. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is spicy. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not cold. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are bright. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are nervous. Numpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not large. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are metallic. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are red. Impuses are zumpuses. Max is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_162", + "question": "Dumpuses are not earthy. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Each rompus is not mean. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not brown. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not temperate. Every numpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is bitter. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are shy. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are wooden. Each impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is mean. Every wumpus is a jompus. Wren is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not mean.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are not earthy. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Each rompus is not mean. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not brown. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not temperate. Every numpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is bitter. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are shy. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are wooden. Each impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is mean. Every wumpus is a jompus. Wren is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not mean." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_163", + "question": "Numpuses are dull. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not hot. Each jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is sour. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not transparent. Impuses are dumpuses. Yumpuses are not metallic. Dumpuses are not blue. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are amenable. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is metallic. Each zumpus is a rompus. Stella is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is metallic.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Numpuses are dull. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not hot. Each jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is sour. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not transparent. Impuses are dumpuses. Yumpuses are not metallic. Dumpuses are not blue. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are amenable. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is metallic. Each zumpus is a rompus. Stella is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_164", + "question": "Dumpuses are metallic. Every dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is earthy. Every rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is aggressive. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is nervous. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is cold. Every tumpus is sweet. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not sweet. Vumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is dull. Every numpus is a jompus. Each jompus is small. Every jompus is an impus. Stella is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not sweet.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are metallic. Every dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is earthy. Every rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is aggressive. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is nervous. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is cold. Every tumpus is sweet. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not sweet. Vumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is dull. Every numpus is a jompus. Each jompus is small. Every jompus is an impus. Stella is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not sweet." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_165", + "question": "Each jompus is not wooden. Each jompus is a rompus. Each rompus is floral. Each rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not cold. Each zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are amenable. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not opaque. Tumpuses are feisty. Each vumpus is an impus. Every impus is not bright. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are brown. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not feisty. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Fae is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not feisty.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each jompus is not wooden. Each jompus is a rompus. Each rompus is floral. Each rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not cold. Each zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are amenable. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not opaque. Tumpuses are feisty. Each vumpus is an impus. Every impus is not bright. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are brown. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not feisty. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Fae is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not feisty." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_166", + "question": "Every dumpus is not luminous. Dumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not amenable. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is red. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not opaque. Numpuses are sour. Each wumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is small. Every jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are cold. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not sour. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not floral. Each vumpus is a rompus. Polly is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not sour.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every dumpus is not luminous. Dumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not amenable. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is red. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not opaque. Numpuses are sour. Each wumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is small. Every jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are cold. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not sour. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not floral. Each vumpus is a rompus. Polly is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not sour." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_167", + "question": "Each tumpus is not feisty. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are small. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is aggressive. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not orange. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not bright. Each jompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is floral. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is liquid. Each impus is bright. Each vumpus is a rompus. Stella is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not bright.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is not feisty. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are small. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is aggressive. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not orange. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not bright. Each jompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is floral. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is liquid. Each impus is bright. Each vumpus is a rompus. Stella is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_168", + "question": "Vumpuses are wooden. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not brown. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not large. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is bright. Every numpus is an impus. Impuses are not floral. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is sweet. Every jompus is floral. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is nervous. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not hot. Each rompus is a yumpus. Wren is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is floral.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are wooden. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not brown. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not large. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is bright. Every numpus is an impus. Impuses are not floral. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is sweet. Every jompus is floral. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is nervous. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not hot. Each rompus is a yumpus. Wren is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is floral." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_169", + "question": "Each impus is not bitter. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Each wumpus is fruity. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not large. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is bright. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is liquid. Each vumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not fruity. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are temperate. Each yumpus is a numpus. Sam is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is fruity.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each impus is not bitter. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Each wumpus is fruity. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not large. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is bright. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is liquid. Each vumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not fruity. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are temperate. Each yumpus is a numpus. Sam is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_170", + "question": "Tumpuses are not metallic. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not dull. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are aggressive. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are brown. Rompuses are not brown. Wumpuses are numpuses. Max is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not brown.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are not metallic. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not dull. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are aggressive. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are brown. Rompuses are not brown. Wumpuses are numpuses. Max is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not brown." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_171", + "question": "Yumpuses are dull. Every yumpus is an impus. Impuses are aggressive. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are opaque. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Each jompus is a dumpus. Each numpus is metallic. Every dumpus is not metallic. Dumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not feisty. Rompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is cold. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are earthy. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Polly is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not metallic.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are dull. Every yumpus is an impus. Impuses are aggressive. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are opaque. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Each jompus is a dumpus. Each numpus is metallic. Every dumpus is not metallic. Dumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not feisty. Rompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is cold. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are earthy. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Polly is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_172", + "question": "Each zumpus is not temperate. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are large. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is feisty. Tumpuses are not opaque. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is floral. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are opaque. Rompuses are numpuses. Rex is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is not temperate. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are large. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is feisty. Tumpuses are not opaque. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is floral. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are opaque. Rompuses are numpuses. Rex is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_173", + "question": "Each dumpus is fruity. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not orange. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not liquid. Every impus is not cold. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are feisty. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not bright. Every yumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is cold. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are amenable. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not transparent. Each zumpus is a numpus. Sally is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each dumpus is fruity. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not orange. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not liquid. Every impus is not cold. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are feisty. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not bright. Every yumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is cold. Every jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are amenable. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not transparent. Each zumpus is a numpus. Sally is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_174", + "question": "Impuses are not temperate. Wumpuses are kind. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are orange. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is liquid. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are earthy. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is small. Every tumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not kind. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are feisty. Every yumpus is a rompus. Polly is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is kind.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are not temperate. Wumpuses are kind. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are orange. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is liquid. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are earthy. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is small. Every tumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not kind. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are feisty. Every yumpus is a rompus. Polly is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is kind." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_175", + "question": "Each rompus is wooden. Each rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are amenable. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are cold. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is not floral. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each tumpus is nervous. Every yumpus is not large. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not nervous. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Stella is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is nervous.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each rompus is wooden. Each rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are amenable. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are cold. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is not floral. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each tumpus is nervous. Every yumpus is not large. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not nervous. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Stella is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is nervous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_176", + "question": "Every wumpus is not luminous. Each dumpus is spicy. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is bright. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are kind. Numpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not earthy. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not spicy. Each jompus is an impus. Each impus is feisty. Every impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is temperate. Yumpuses are rompuses. Sally is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not spicy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is not luminous. Each dumpus is spicy. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is bright. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are kind. Numpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not earthy. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not spicy. Each jompus is an impus. Each impus is feisty. Every impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is temperate. Yumpuses are rompuses. Sally is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not spicy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_177", + "question": "Impuses are bitter. Tumpuses are not bright. Every impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not transparent. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are small. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is feisty. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are bright. Numpuses are zumpuses. Rex is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is bright.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Impuses are bitter. Tumpuses are not bright. Every impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not transparent. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are small. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is feisty. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are bright. Numpuses are zumpuses. Rex is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_178", + "question": "Impuses are not temperate. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are happy. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not small. Every jompus is a zumpus. Every numpus is metallic. Zumpuses are not amenable. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are sour. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not bright. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is transparent. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not metallic. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Polly is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is metallic.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are not temperate. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are happy. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not small. Every jompus is a zumpus. Every numpus is metallic. Zumpuses are not amenable. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are sour. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not bright. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is transparent. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not metallic. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Polly is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_179", + "question": "Every rompus is sour. Rompuses are impuses. Yumpuses are opaque. Impuses are feisty. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is orange. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not large. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not opaque. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are metallic. Numpuses are dumpuses. Wren is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not opaque.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every rompus is sour. Rompuses are impuses. Yumpuses are opaque. Impuses are feisty. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is orange. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not large. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not opaque. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are metallic. Numpuses are dumpuses. Wren is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_180", + "question": "Impuses are not floral. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are sweet. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not shy. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are mean. Every rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not transparent. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are luminous. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not orange. Vumpuses are not luminous. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Max is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not luminous.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are not floral. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are sweet. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not shy. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are mean. Every rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not transparent. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are luminous. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not orange. Vumpuses are not luminous. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Max is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not luminous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_181", + "question": "Every numpus is not small. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are sour. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are red. Every wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is fruity. Each tumpus is not kind. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not hot. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not opaque. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is happy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are kind. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Rex is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every numpus is not small. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are sour. Every impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are red. Every wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is fruity. Each tumpus is not kind. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not hot. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not opaque. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is happy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are kind. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Rex is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_182", + "question": "Tumpuses are fruity. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is liquid. Each dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are sour. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not cold. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are brown. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are happy. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is large. Each yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not mean. Every rompus is a zumpus. Each impus is not large. Sam is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is large.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are fruity. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is liquid. Each dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are sour. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not cold. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are brown. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are happy. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is large. Each yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not mean. Every rompus is a zumpus. Each impus is not large. Sam is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_183", + "question": "Impuses are not metallic. Impuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bright. Every yumpus is a jompus. Wumpuses are opaque. Every jompus is not large. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not earthy. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is bitter. Vumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not opaque. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is kind. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are zumpuses. Fae is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are not metallic. Impuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bright. Every yumpus is a jompus. Wumpuses are opaque. Every jompus is not large. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not earthy. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is bitter. Vumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not opaque. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is kind. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are zumpuses. Fae is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_184", + "question": "Each impus is small. Every impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is fruity. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is transparent. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are wooden. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is dull. Yumpuses are not angry. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are angry. Each tumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not hot. Every numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is nervous. Each rompus is a jompus. Sam is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not angry.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each impus is small. Every impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is fruity. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is transparent. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are wooden. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is dull. Yumpuses are not angry. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are angry. Each tumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not hot. Every numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is nervous. Each rompus is a jompus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not angry." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_185", + "question": "Tumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are sweet. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not transparent. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is angry. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are happy. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are brown. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not large. Impuses are not happy. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are dumpuses. Polly is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not happy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are sweet. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not transparent. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is angry. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are happy. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are brown. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not large. Impuses are not happy. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are dumpuses. Polly is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_186", + "question": "Numpuses are not small. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is opaque. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Each vumpus is fruity. Every dumpus is not temperate. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are spicy. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is luminous. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is brown. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are nervous. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not fruity. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Sally is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is fruity.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Numpuses are not small. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is opaque. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Each vumpus is fruity. Every dumpus is not temperate. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are spicy. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is luminous. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is brown. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are nervous. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not fruity. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Sally is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_187", + "question": "Each zumpus is liquid. Dumpuses are not bitter. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is cold. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is nervous. Rompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is blue. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are transparent. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not floral. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is bitter. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is aggressive. Each wumpus is a numpus. Sam is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is bitter.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is liquid. Dumpuses are not bitter. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is cold. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is nervous. Rompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is blue. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are transparent. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not floral. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is bitter. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is aggressive. Each wumpus is a numpus. Sam is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is bitter." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_188", + "question": "Every impus is bright. Every impus is a jompus. Every jompus is not opaque. Every jompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is small. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is happy. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not cold. Each yumpus is a numpus. Each wumpus is cold. Numpuses are blue. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not sour. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are fruity. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Stella is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not cold.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every impus is bright. Every impus is a jompus. Every jompus is not opaque. Every jompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is small. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is happy. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not cold. Each yumpus is a numpus. Each wumpus is cold. Numpuses are blue. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not sour. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are fruity. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Stella is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_189", + "question": "Each impus is nervous. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are wooden. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Zumpuses are dull. Each tumpus is not transparent. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are sweet. Each rompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not dull. Vumpuses are jompuses. Wren is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is dull.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each impus is nervous. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are wooden. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Zumpuses are dull. Each tumpus is not transparent. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are sweet. Each rompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not dull. Vumpuses are jompuses. Wren is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_190", + "question": "Yumpuses are not bitter. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not brown. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are temperate. Each impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not transparent. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not nervous. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not small. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are wooden. Each tumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is earthy. Each rompus is a vumpus. Every zumpus is nervous. Max is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is nervous.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are not bitter. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not brown. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are temperate. Each impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not transparent. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not nervous. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not small. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are wooden. Each tumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is earthy. Each rompus is a vumpus. Every zumpus is nervous. Max is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is nervous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_191", + "question": "Every dumpus is spicy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is liquid. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not happy. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not hot. Every impus is a numpus. Each numpus is angry. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not opaque. Wumpuses are happy. Jompuses are tumpuses. Fae is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is happy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every dumpus is spicy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is liquid. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not happy. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not hot. Every impus is a numpus. Each numpus is angry. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not opaque. Wumpuses are happy. Jompuses are tumpuses. Fae is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_192", + "question": "Numpuses are not wooden. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are small. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not floral. Rompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is blue. Jompuses are not dull. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is dull. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Sam is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Numpuses are not wooden. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are small. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not floral. Rompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is blue. Jompuses are not dull. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is dull. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Sam is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_193", + "question": "Every numpus is not kind. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are nervous. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Wumpuses are not red. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not wooden. Each rompus is an impus. Every impus is dull. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is sweet. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is red. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Wren is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not red.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every numpus is not kind. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are nervous. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Wumpuses are not red. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not wooden. Each rompus is an impus. Every impus is dull. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is sweet. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is red. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Wren is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_194", + "question": "Rompuses are small. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not bright. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is cold. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Each jompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are liquid. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not angry. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Every wumpus is not earthy. Max is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not earthy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Rompuses are small. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not bright. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is cold. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Each jompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are liquid. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not angry. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Every wumpus is not earthy. Max is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_195", + "question": "Every rompus is not transparent. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is luminous. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is hot. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not fruity. Zumpuses are not spicy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are small. Wumpuses are impuses. Every impus is spicy. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not kind. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Fae is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not spicy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every rompus is not transparent. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is luminous. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is hot. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not fruity. Zumpuses are not spicy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are small. Wumpuses are impuses. Every impus is spicy. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not kind. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Fae is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not spicy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_196", + "question": "Vumpuses are not hot. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not small. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Numpuses are not feisty. Yumpuses are sour. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not orange. Jompuses are rompuses. Every rompus is feisty. Each rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is mean. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not dull. Dumpuses are impuses. Fae is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not feisty.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are not hot. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not small. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Numpuses are not feisty. Yumpuses are sour. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not orange. Jompuses are rompuses. Every rompus is feisty. Each rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is mean. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not dull. Dumpuses are impuses. Fae is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not feisty." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_197", + "question": "Jompuses are kind. Every vumpus is feisty. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is temperate. Every zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are small. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is earthy. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are liquid. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are dull. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is red. Every tumpus is an impus. Each impus is not kind. Each impus is a yumpus. Alex is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is kind.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Jompuses are kind. Every vumpus is feisty. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is temperate. Every zumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are small. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is earthy. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are liquid. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are dull. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is red. Every tumpus is an impus. Each impus is not kind. Each impus is a yumpus. Alex is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is kind." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_198", + "question": "Each jompus is floral. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are feisty. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not amenable. Every tumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is temperate. Each numpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not small. Every wumpus is an impus. Impuses are not spicy. Yumpuses are small. Every impus is a rompus. Each rompus is transparent. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is brown. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Wren is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each jompus is floral. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are feisty. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not amenable. Every tumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is temperate. Each numpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not small. Every wumpus is an impus. Impuses are not spicy. Yumpuses are small. Every impus is a rompus. Each rompus is transparent. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is brown. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Wren is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_199", + "question": "Zumpuses are not large. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not orange. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Every jompus is a rompus. Every rompus is metallic. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is mean. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is sweet. Numpuses are impuses. Each impus is temperate. Impuses are yumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Each yumpus is not opaque. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Alex is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are not large. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not orange. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Every jompus is a rompus. Every rompus is metallic. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is mean. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is sweet. Numpuses are impuses. Each impus is temperate. Impuses are yumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Each yumpus is not opaque. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Alex is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_200", + "question": "Zumpuses are orange. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is temperate. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is fruity. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are vumpuses. Jompuses are transparent. Each vumpus is not transparent. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rex is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not transparent.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are orange. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is temperate. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is fruity. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are vumpuses. Jompuses are transparent. Each vumpus is not transparent. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rex is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_201", + "question": "Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is happy. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is blue. Zumpuses are impuses. Each tumpus is not wooden. Every impus is floral. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not bright. Dumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not bitter. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not opaque. Each wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is wooden. Every rompus is a numpus. Sally is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not wooden.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is happy. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is blue. Zumpuses are impuses. Each tumpus is not wooden. Every impus is floral. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not bright. Dumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not bitter. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not opaque. Each wumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is wooden. Every rompus is a numpus. Sally is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not wooden." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_202", + "question": "Tumpuses are temperate. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is orange. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is shy. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are bright. Every zumpus is a rompus. Every numpus is opaque. Rompuses are small. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not floral. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is aggressive. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not opaque. Every vumpus is a jompus. Wren is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are temperate. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is orange. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is shy. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are bright. Every zumpus is a rompus. Every numpus is opaque. Rompuses are small. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not floral. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is aggressive. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not opaque. Every vumpus is a jompus. Wren is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_203", + "question": "Each tumpus is liquid. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not temperate. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are angry. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are red. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is shy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not spicy. Numpuses are impuses. Every jompus is not shy. Impuses are not earthy. Each impus is a wumpus. Alex is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is shy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is liquid. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not temperate. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are angry. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are red. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is shy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not spicy. Numpuses are impuses. Every jompus is not shy. Impuses are not earthy. Each impus is a wumpus. Alex is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is shy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_204", + "question": "Jompuses are red. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not dull. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is hot. Every yumpus is an impus. Dumpuses are not feisty. Each impus is spicy. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is feisty. Rompuses are tumpuses. Sam is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not feisty.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Jompuses are red. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not dull. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is hot. Every yumpus is an impus. Dumpuses are not feisty. Each impus is spicy. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is feisty. Rompuses are tumpuses. Sam is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not feisty." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_205", + "question": "Impuses are hot. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not kind. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are nervous. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not fruity. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Wumpuses are fruity. Each dumpus is not wooden. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not blue. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Stella is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is fruity.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are hot. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not kind. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are nervous. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not fruity. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Wumpuses are fruity. Each dumpus is not wooden. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not blue. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Stella is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_206", + "question": "Every wumpus is wooden. Every wumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is sour. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a jompus. Each jompus is cold. Jompuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is blue. Each vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are angry. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are fruity. Dumpuses are not fruity. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is happy. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Polly is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is fruity.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is wooden. Every wumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is sour. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a jompus. Each jompus is cold. Jompuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is blue. Each vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are angry. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are fruity. Dumpuses are not fruity. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is happy. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Polly is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_207", + "question": "Numpuses are transparent. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are red. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Each jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is metallic. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are floral. Each dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is angry. Rompuses are tumpuses. Impuses are not floral. Sally is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not floral.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Numpuses are transparent. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are red. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Each jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is metallic. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are floral. Each dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is angry. Rompuses are tumpuses. Impuses are not floral. Sally is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not floral." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_208", + "question": "Impuses are not fruity. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is cold. Wumpuses are not orange. Vumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is wooden. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are opaque. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is sour. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not small. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is nervous. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are orange. Every jompus is a dumpus. Max is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not orange.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are not fruity. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is cold. Wumpuses are not orange. Vumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is wooden. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are opaque. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is sour. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not small. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is nervous. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are orange. Every jompus is a dumpus. Max is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not orange." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_209", + "question": "Each tumpus is sweet. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not transparent. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Every numpus is not earthy. Dumpuses are blue. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not large. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is angry. Every yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not metallic. Every rompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is earthy. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Polly is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is earthy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is sweet. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not transparent. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Every numpus is not earthy. Dumpuses are blue. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not large. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is angry. Every yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not metallic. Every rompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is earthy. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Polly is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_210", + "question": "Zumpuses are wooden. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Each dumpus is not hot. Yumpuses are sour. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not opaque. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is fruity. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are happy. Each vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are hot. Every rompus is an impus. Every impus is kind. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not orange. Each numpus is a jompus. Fae is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not hot.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are wooden. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Each dumpus is not hot. Yumpuses are sour. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not opaque. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is fruity. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are happy. Each vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are hot. Every rompus is an impus. Every impus is kind. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not orange. Each numpus is a jompus. Fae is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not hot." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_211", + "question": "Each zumpus is earthy. Every rompus is not spicy. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not happy. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are liquid. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is large. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not earthy. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is aggressive. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is brown. Yumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is bright. Each jompus is a numpus. Alex is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not earthy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is earthy. Every rompus is not spicy. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not happy. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are liquid. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is large. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not earthy. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is aggressive. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is brown. Yumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is bright. Each jompus is a numpus. Alex is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_212", + "question": "Every tumpus is red. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is sweet. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are small. Every vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not aggressive. Zumpuses are temperate. Each jompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is bright. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not temperate. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not luminous. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are opaque. Every yumpus is an impus. Stella is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not temperate.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is red. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is sweet. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are small. Every vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not aggressive. Zumpuses are temperate. Each jompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is bright. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not temperate. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not luminous. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are opaque. Every yumpus is an impus. Stella is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_213", + "question": "Jompuses are not bright. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bitter. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are hot. Tumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not brown. Every impus is a numpus. Every yumpus is wooden. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not opaque. Every rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are aggressive. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not wooden. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Rex is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not wooden.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Jompuses are not bright. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bitter. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are hot. Tumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not brown. Every impus is a numpus. Every yumpus is wooden. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not opaque. Every rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are aggressive. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not wooden. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Rex is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not wooden." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_214", + "question": "Every vumpus is not blue. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are floral. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is cold. Every impus is not nervous. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are nervous. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Each tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are sweet. Jompuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not amenable. Rompuses are dumpuses. Sally is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is nervous.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every vumpus is not blue. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are floral. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is cold. Every impus is not nervous. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are nervous. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Each tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are sweet. Jompuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not amenable. Rompuses are dumpuses. Sally is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is nervous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_215", + "question": "Every wumpus is brown. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is dull. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is small. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Yumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are earthy. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not temperate. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is kind. Every numpus is an impus. Max is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not earthy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is brown. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is dull. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is small. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Yumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are earthy. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not temperate. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is kind. Every numpus is an impus. Max is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_216", + "question": "Impuses are dull. Impuses are rompuses. Vumpuses are not aggressive. Rompuses are not spicy. Each rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are nervous. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not opaque. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are floral. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are small. Each numpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is blue. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is aggressive. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Max is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is aggressive.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Impuses are dull. Impuses are rompuses. Vumpuses are not aggressive. Rompuses are not spicy. Each rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are nervous. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not opaque. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are floral. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are small. Each numpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is blue. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is aggressive. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Max is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is aggressive." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_217", + "question": "Numpuses are kind. Each numpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not opaque. Yumpuses are jompuses. Each vumpus is metallic. Jompuses are not temperate. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is sour. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not metallic. Every tumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not brown. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is not dull. Each impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not feisty. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Sally is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not metallic.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Numpuses are kind. Each numpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not opaque. Yumpuses are jompuses. Each vumpus is metallic. Jompuses are not temperate. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is sour. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not metallic. Every tumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not brown. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is not dull. Each impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not feisty. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Sally is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_218", + "question": "Every vumpus is not sour. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not happy. Rompuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not temperate. Numpuses are not transparent. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are liquid. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are orange. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are floral. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Fae is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is transparent.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every vumpus is not sour. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not happy. Rompuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not temperate. Numpuses are not transparent. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are liquid. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are orange. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are floral. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Fae is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_219", + "question": "Zumpuses are hot. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is dull. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is small. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not nervous. Yumpuses are not transparent. Every vumpus is an impus. Every impus is not red. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not floral. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is transparent. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not spicy. Each jompus is a numpus. Wren is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are hot. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is dull. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is small. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not nervous. Yumpuses are not transparent. Every vumpus is an impus. Every impus is not red. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not floral. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is transparent. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not spicy. Each jompus is a numpus. Wren is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_220", + "question": "Zumpuses are shy. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Dumpuses are not luminous. Yumpuses are not earthy. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not aggressive. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are transparent. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not sour. Each wumpus is an impus. Each impus is not hot. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is not small. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are luminous. Vumpuses are rompuses. Stella is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not luminous.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are shy. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Dumpuses are not luminous. Yumpuses are not earthy. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not aggressive. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are transparent. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not sour. Each wumpus is an impus. Each impus is not hot. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is not small. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are luminous. Vumpuses are rompuses. Stella is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not luminous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_221", + "question": "Every vumpus is feisty. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not spicy. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are large. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Tumpuses are fruity. Each zumpus is hot. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is kind. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not fruity. Each impus is a jompus. Stella is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is fruity.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every vumpus is feisty. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not spicy. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are large. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Tumpuses are fruity. Each zumpus is hot. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is kind. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not fruity. Each impus is a jompus. Stella is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_222", + "question": "Yumpuses are nervous. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not earthy. Wumpuses are impuses. Zumpuses are metallic. Each impus is hot. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are small. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are sweet. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not metallic. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is red. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are bright. Rompuses are numpuses. Stella is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not metallic.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are nervous. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not earthy. Wumpuses are impuses. Zumpuses are metallic. Each impus is hot. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are small. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are sweet. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not metallic. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is red. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are bright. Rompuses are numpuses. Stella is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_223", + "question": "Dumpuses are bright. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not floral. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are small. Impuses are numpuses. Wumpuses are not luminous. Each numpus is orange. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is cold. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are nervous. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is luminous. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Polly is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not luminous.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are bright. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not floral. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are small. Impuses are numpuses. Wumpuses are not luminous. Each numpus is orange. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is cold. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are nervous. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is luminous. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Polly is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not luminous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_224", + "question": "Each jompus is nervous. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not brown. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are fruity. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are luminous. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are kind. Every impus is a rompus. Yumpuses are cold. Each rompus is not cold. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not bitter. Tumpuses are numpuses. Sally is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is cold.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each jompus is nervous. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not brown. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are fruity. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are luminous. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are kind. Every impus is a rompus. Yumpuses are cold. Each rompus is not cold. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not bitter. Tumpuses are numpuses. Sally is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_225", + "question": "Every tumpus is not amenable. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is feisty. Every impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is cold. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are sweet. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Yumpuses are not large. Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are bright. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is blue. Each rompus is a jompus. Each jompus is luminous. Jompuses are zumpuses. Sam is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is large.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is not amenable. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is feisty. Every impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is cold. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are sweet. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Yumpuses are not large. Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are bright. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is blue. Each rompus is a jompus. Each jompus is luminous. Jompuses are zumpuses. Sam is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_226", + "question": "Dumpuses are metallic. Impuses are not shy. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not fruity. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not blue. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not metallic. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is sweet. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not opaque. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not kind. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Stella is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is metallic.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are metallic. Impuses are not shy. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not fruity. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not blue. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not metallic. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is sweet. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not opaque. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not kind. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Stella is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_227", + "question": "Numpuses are opaque. Every numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is aggressive. Rompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not floral. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is bright. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are temperate. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is wooden. Vumpuses are not nervous. Dumpuses are impuses. Every impus is nervous. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is large. Each jompus is a zumpus. Sam is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not nervous.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Numpuses are opaque. Every numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is aggressive. Rompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not floral. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is bright. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are temperate. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is wooden. Vumpuses are not nervous. Dumpuses are impuses. Every impus is nervous. Each impus is a jompus. Every jompus is large. Each jompus is a zumpus. Sam is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not nervous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_228", + "question": "Each zumpus is bitter. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not angry. Every vumpus is an impus. Numpuses are not transparent. Every impus is hot. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is not liquid. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is feisty. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is floral. Each jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is bright. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Alex is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not transparent.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is bitter. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not angry. Every vumpus is an impus. Numpuses are not transparent. Every impus is hot. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is not liquid. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is feisty. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is floral. Each jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is bright. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Alex is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_229", + "question": "Every wumpus is not aggressive. Every wumpus is a rompus. Tumpuses are cold. Every rompus is large. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not sour. Yumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not opaque. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not cold. Each dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not red. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not bright. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not wooden. Every vumpus is a numpus. Alex is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not cold.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is not aggressive. Every wumpus is a rompus. Tumpuses are cold. Every rompus is large. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not sour. Yumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not opaque. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not cold. Each dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not red. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not bright. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not wooden. Every vumpus is a numpus. Alex is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_230", + "question": "Every tumpus is not kind. Every impus is liquid. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is shy. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is orange. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not bright. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are spicy. Vumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is cold. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are kind. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Every jompus is a yumpus. Rex is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is kind.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is not kind. Every impus is liquid. Impuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is shy. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is orange. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not bright. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are spicy. Vumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is cold. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are kind. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Every jompus is a yumpus. Rex is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is kind." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_231", + "question": "Vumpuses are wooden. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not large. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is bitter. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not transparent. Each rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not nervous. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is dull. Wumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is angry. Every jompus is a zumpus. Each numpus is not dull. Every zumpus is not fruity. Each zumpus is an impus. Sam is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are wooden. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not large. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is bitter. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not transparent. Each rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not nervous. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is dull. Wumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is angry. Every jompus is a zumpus. Each numpus is not dull. Every zumpus is not fruity. Each zumpus is an impus. Sam is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_232", + "question": "Yumpuses are not large. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is nervous. Every tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is temperate. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is brown. Each dumpus is not opaque. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are bright. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are metallic. Every numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not angry. Rompuses are wumpuses. Max is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are not large. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is nervous. Every tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is temperate. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is brown. Each dumpus is not opaque. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are bright. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are metallic. Every numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not angry. Rompuses are wumpuses. Max is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_233", + "question": "Wumpuses are opaque. Every wumpus is an impus. Dumpuses are large. Impuses are red. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is temperate. Every numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is floral. Each tumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not large. Every rompus is a jompus. Rex is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not large.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are opaque. Every wumpus is an impus. Dumpuses are large. Impuses are red. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is temperate. Every numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is floral. Each tumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not large. Every rompus is a jompus. Rex is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_234", + "question": "Every impus is transparent. Impuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is angry. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not orange. Each dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are feisty. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not earthy. Every rompus is earthy. Each numpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is temperate. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is small. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not metallic. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Stella is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not earthy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every impus is transparent. Impuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is angry. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not orange. Each dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are feisty. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not earthy. Every rompus is earthy. Each numpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is temperate. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is small. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not metallic. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Stella is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_235", + "question": "Each tumpus is temperate. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is opaque. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are brown. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Every jompus is not happy. Yumpuses are dull. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is happy. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not bitter. Zumpuses are impuses. Stella is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not happy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is temperate. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is opaque. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are brown. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Every jompus is not happy. Yumpuses are dull. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is happy. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are earthy. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not bitter. Zumpuses are impuses. Stella is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_236", + "question": "Yumpuses are not orange. Jompuses are liquid. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are sour. Vumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is earthy. Every rompus is an impus. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not small. Each numpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is orange. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not amenable. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are temperate. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Fae is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is orange.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are not orange. Jompuses are liquid. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are sour. Vumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is earthy. Every rompus is an impus. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not small. Each numpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is orange. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not amenable. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are temperate. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Fae is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is orange." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_237", + "question": "Impuses are dull. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not small. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not happy. Each numpus is a tumpus. Every rompus is cold. Tumpuses are kind. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not earthy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not cold. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is cold.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are dull. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not small. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not happy. Each numpus is a tumpus. Every rompus is cold. Tumpuses are kind. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not earthy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are blue. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not cold. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_238", + "question": "Wumpuses are spicy. Tumpuses are not small. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not floral. Each dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are angry. Every rompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are happy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are metallic. Zumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not orange. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is small. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are cold. Jompuses are yumpuses. Polly is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is small.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are spicy. Tumpuses are not small. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not floral. Each dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are angry. Every rompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are happy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are metallic. Zumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not orange. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is small. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are cold. Jompuses are yumpuses. Polly is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_239", + "question": "Tumpuses are fruity. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not hot. Every impus is not spicy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not luminous. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not shy. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is spicy. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are orange. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is dull. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Numpuses are wumpuses. Alex is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not spicy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are fruity. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not hot. Every impus is not spicy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not luminous. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not shy. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is spicy. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are orange. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is dull. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Numpuses are wumpuses. Alex is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not spicy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_240", + "question": "Wumpuses are feisty. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are kind. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are liquid. Each jompus is an impus. Each impus is transparent. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not dull. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are temperate. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each zumpus is not spicy. Every vumpus is blue. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is spicy. Every dumpus is a rompus. Alex is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is spicy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are feisty. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are kind. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are liquid. Each jompus is an impus. Each impus is transparent. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not dull. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are temperate. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each zumpus is not spicy. Every vumpus is blue. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is spicy. Every dumpus is a rompus. Alex is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is spicy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_241", + "question": "Each dumpus is spicy. Every dumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is large. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are transparent. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are liquid. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are nervous. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not temperate. Each vumpus is a numpus. Zumpuses are not orange. Each numpus is kind. Every numpus is a rompus. Sally is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not orange.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each dumpus is spicy. Every dumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is large. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are transparent. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are liquid. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are nervous. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not temperate. Each vumpus is a numpus. Zumpuses are not orange. Each numpus is kind. Every numpus is a rompus. Sally is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not orange." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_242", + "question": "Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is luminous. Numpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is floral. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are transparent. Every impus is a rompus. Dumpuses are blue. Rompuses are not blue. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are nervous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not dull. Each jompus is a vumpus. Wren is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not blue.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is luminous. Numpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is floral. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are transparent. Every impus is a rompus. Dumpuses are blue. Rompuses are not blue. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are nervous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not dull. Each jompus is a vumpus. Wren is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_243", + "question": "Tumpuses are bright. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are mean. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is transparent. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are red. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not luminous. Each vumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not feisty. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is temperate. Every impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not fruity. Every wumpus is a numpus. Dumpuses are feisty. Max is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is feisty.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are bright. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are mean. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is transparent. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are red. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not luminous. Each vumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not feisty. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is temperate. Every impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not fruity. Every wumpus is a numpus. Dumpuses are feisty. Max is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is feisty." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_244", + "question": "Rompuses are shy. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are sour. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is blue. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not fruity. Every impus is a vumpus. Every tumpus is transparent. Each vumpus is luminous. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not transparent. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is temperate. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not dull. Each wumpus is a numpus. Wren is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not transparent.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are shy. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are sour. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is blue. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not fruity. Every impus is a vumpus. Every tumpus is transparent. Each vumpus is luminous. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not transparent. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is temperate. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not dull. Each wumpus is a numpus. Wren is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_245", + "question": "Every tumpus is not liquid. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is blue. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Vumpuses are not large. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are hot. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are sour. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is dull. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are large. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is fruity. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Rex is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is large.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is not liquid. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is blue. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Vumpuses are not large. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are hot. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are sour. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is dull. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are large. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is fruity. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Rex is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_246", + "question": "Each dumpus is opaque. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not hot. Every impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is spicy. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is floral. Zumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not red. Each rompus is red. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are wooden. Yumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is feisty. Each jompus is a tumpus. Sam is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not red.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each dumpus is opaque. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not hot. Every impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is spicy. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is floral. Zumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not red. Each rompus is red. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are wooden. Yumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is feisty. Each jompus is a tumpus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_247", + "question": "Rompuses are earthy. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not sour. Zumpuses are not brown. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not temperate. Each dumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is brown. Numpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is large. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Sam is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is brown.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are earthy. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not sour. Zumpuses are not brown. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not temperate. Each dumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is brown. Numpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is large. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Sam is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is brown." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_248", + "question": "Vumpuses are fruity. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not dull. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not orange. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is shy. Each dumpus is a numpus. Every jompus is not sour. Each numpus is sour. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not large. Yumpuses are impuses. Polly is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is sour.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are fruity. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not dull. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not orange. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is shy. Each dumpus is a numpus. Every jompus is not sour. Each numpus is sour. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not large. Yumpuses are impuses. Polly is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is sour." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_249", + "question": "Numpuses are not dull. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is earthy. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are orange. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not liquid. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not happy. Every vumpus is an impus. Every impus is not small. Impuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is angry. Each zumpus is a rompus. Tumpuses are small. Stella is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Numpuses are not dull. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is earthy. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are orange. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not liquid. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not happy. Every vumpus is an impus. Every impus is not small. Impuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is angry. Each zumpus is a rompus. Tumpuses are small. Stella is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_250", + "question": "Every yumpus is mean. Every yumpus is an impus. Impuses are cold. Each impus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is nervous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are dumpuses. Every vumpus is not wooden. Each dumpus is wooden. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Each rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is dull. Numpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not sour. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Stella is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is wooden.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every yumpus is mean. Every yumpus is an impus. Impuses are cold. Each impus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is nervous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are dumpuses. Every vumpus is not wooden. Each dumpus is wooden. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Each rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is dull. Numpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not sour. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Stella is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is wooden." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_251", + "question": "Every tumpus is not hot. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not bright. Every zumpus is kind. Every vumpus is an impus. Every impus is earthy. Every impus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is bitter. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are red. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not nervous. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not kind. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not small. Rompuses are jompuses. Sam is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is kind.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is not hot. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not bright. Every zumpus is kind. Every vumpus is an impus. Every impus is earthy. Every impus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is bitter. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are red. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not nervous. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not kind. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not small. Rompuses are jompuses. Sam is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is kind." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_252", + "question": "Each dumpus is large. Jompuses are not blue. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is earthy. Each zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is bitter. Each numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is opaque. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are blue. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not cold. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is angry. Each vumpus is an impus. Every impus is luminous. Impuses are tumpuses. Alex is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is blue.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each dumpus is large. Jompuses are not blue. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is earthy. Each zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is bitter. Each numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is opaque. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are blue. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not cold. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is angry. Each vumpus is an impus. Every impus is luminous. Impuses are tumpuses. Alex is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is blue." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_253", + "question": "Vumpuses are red. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is aggressive. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not sweet. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not floral. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not large. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are metallic. Impuses are large. Dumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is cold. Every numpus is a wumpus. Fae is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not large.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are red. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is aggressive. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not sweet. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not floral. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not large. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are metallic. Impuses are large. Dumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is cold. Every numpus is a wumpus. Fae is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_254", + "question": "Tumpuses are floral. Every tumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not transparent. Each numpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is temperate. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are aggressive. Every impus is a yumpus. Each rompus is bright. Yumpuses are not brown. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is sour. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not bright. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are large. Every dumpus is a jompus. Max is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is bright.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are floral. Every tumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not transparent. Each numpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is temperate. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are aggressive. Every impus is a yumpus. Each rompus is bright. Yumpuses are not brown. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is sour. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not bright. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are large. Every dumpus is a jompus. Max is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_255", + "question": "Every impus is kind. Each impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not nervous. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not large. Every yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is opaque. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are bright. Each jompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is bitter. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not fruity. Each numpus is a vumpus. Zumpuses are not bitter. Vumpuses are wooden. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Max is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not bitter.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every impus is kind. Each impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not nervous. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not large. Every yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is opaque. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are bright. Each jompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is bitter. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not fruity. Each numpus is a vumpus. Zumpuses are not bitter. Vumpuses are wooden. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Max is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not bitter." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_256", + "question": "Tumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are not small. Every tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are angry. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are bright. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is spicy. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are happy. Every impus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is liquid. Each dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are wumpuses. Sam is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are not small. Every tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are angry. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are bright. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is spicy. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are happy. Every impus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is liquid. Each dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are wumpuses. Sam is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_257", + "question": "Every jompus is floral. Jompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is orange. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Each dumpus is an impus. Every impus is not small. Impuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not feisty. Numpuses are wumpuses. Every yumpus is not kind. Wumpuses are kind. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are sour. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Every vumpus is a rompus. Max is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is kind.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every jompus is floral. Jompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is orange. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Each dumpus is an impus. Every impus is not small. Impuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not feisty. Numpuses are wumpuses. Every yumpus is not kind. Wumpuses are kind. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are sour. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Every vumpus is a rompus. Max is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is kind." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_258", + "question": "Wumpuses are orange. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is cold. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not mean. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are luminous. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is nervous. Every impus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is transparent. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Each tumpus is not dull. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not bitter. Rompuses are vumpuses. Wren is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not dull.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are orange. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is cold. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not mean. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are luminous. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is nervous. Every impus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is transparent. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Each tumpus is not dull. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not bitter. Rompuses are vumpuses. Wren is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_259", + "question": "Yumpuses are fruity. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are large. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Dumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is feisty. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not sweet. Every numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is an impus. Every impus is not blue. Each impus is a zumpus. Each jompus is sweet. Sally is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is sweet.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are fruity. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are large. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Dumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is feisty. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not sweet. Every numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is an impus. Every impus is not blue. Each impus is a zumpus. Each jompus is sweet. Sally is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is sweet." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_260", + "question": "Each impus is not orange. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not happy. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not opaque. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are temperate. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is floral. Wumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is large. Rompuses are wooden. Each jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not wooden. Every tumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not dull. Every numpus is a dumpus. Max is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not wooden.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each impus is not orange. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not happy. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not opaque. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are temperate. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is floral. Wumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is large. Rompuses are wooden. Each jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not wooden. Every tumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not dull. Every numpus is a dumpus. Max is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not wooden." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_261", + "question": "Each tumpus is mean. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Dumpuses are dull. Every dumpus is an impus. Impuses are transparent. Every impus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not fruity. Every wumpus is a jompus. Alex is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not fruity.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is mean. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Dumpuses are dull. Every dumpus is an impus. Impuses are transparent. Every impus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not fruity. Every wumpus is a jompus. Alex is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_262", + "question": "Every vumpus is large. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is amenable. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not luminous. Each rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is cold. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are dull. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is sour. Jompuses are impuses. Yumpuses are not cold. Impuses are opaque. Each impus is a wumpus. Sam is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is cold.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every vumpus is large. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is amenable. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are fruity. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not luminous. Each rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is cold. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are dull. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is sour. Jompuses are impuses. Yumpuses are not cold. Impuses are opaque. Each impus is a wumpus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_263", + "question": "Each impus is bright. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is amenable. Each zumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is orange. Every rompus is a jompus. Wumpuses are floral. Jompuses are luminous. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not floral. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Every yumpus is a numpus. Sally is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is floral.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each impus is bright. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is amenable. Each zumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is orange. Every rompus is a jompus. Wumpuses are floral. Jompuses are luminous. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not floral. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Every yumpus is a numpus. Sally is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is floral." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_264", + "question": "Vumpuses are floral. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is brown. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not liquid. Every zumpus is an impus. Impuses are not kind. Each impus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is transparent. Every tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are feisty. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are sweet. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not bright. Rompuses are dumpuses. Jompuses are bright. Max is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not bright.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are floral. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is brown. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not liquid. Every zumpus is an impus. Impuses are not kind. Each impus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is transparent. Every tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are feisty. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are sweet. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not bright. Rompuses are dumpuses. Jompuses are bright. Max is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_265", + "question": "Wumpuses are liquid. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is small. Each dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are bitter. Each tumpus is a numpus. Zumpuses are not fruity. Numpuses are fruity. Each numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is hot. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not shy. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not bright. Impuses are jompuses. Sally is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not fruity.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are liquid. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is small. Each dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are bitter. Each tumpus is a numpus. Zumpuses are not fruity. Numpuses are fruity. Each numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is hot. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not shy. Yumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not bright. Impuses are jompuses. Sally is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_266", + "question": "Every wumpus is amenable. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are luminous. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is large. Every yumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is sweet. Every numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are happy. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Jompuses are not temperate. Each dumpus is floral. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is temperate. Rompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are impuses. Rex is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is temperate.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is amenable. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are luminous. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is large. Every yumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is sweet. Every numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are happy. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Jompuses are not temperate. Each dumpus is floral. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is temperate. Rompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are impuses. Rex is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_267", + "question": "Vumpuses are not angry. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are nervous. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are red. Every dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not hot. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not small. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not earthy. Every tumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is bright. Each impus is not opaque. Rompuses are yumpuses. Polly is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are not angry. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are nervous. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are red. Every dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not hot. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not small. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not earthy. Every tumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is bright. Each impus is not opaque. Rompuses are yumpuses. Polly is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_268", + "question": "Yumpuses are not liquid. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not floral. Each numpus is an impus. Every impus is not bitter. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not shy. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not orange. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are small. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Vumpuses are not cold. Wumpuses are cold. Each wumpus is a rompus. Alex is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are not liquid. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not floral. Each numpus is an impus. Every impus is not bitter. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not shy. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not orange. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are small. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Vumpuses are not cold. Wumpuses are cold. Each wumpus is a rompus. Alex is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_269", + "question": "Impuses are not fruity. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is dull. Every jompus is opaque. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is spicy. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is small. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not feisty. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not opaque. Numpuses are rompuses. Max is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are not fruity. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is dull. Every jompus is opaque. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is spicy. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is small. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not feisty. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not opaque. Numpuses are rompuses. Max is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_270", + "question": "Tumpuses are not wooden. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not cold. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are sour. Zumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is opaque. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are feisty. Every yumpus is not bright. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is red. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is small. Rompuses are jompuses. Wren is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not bright.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are not wooden. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not cold. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are sour. Zumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is opaque. Every numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are feisty. Every yumpus is not bright. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is red. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is small. Rompuses are jompuses. Wren is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_271", + "question": "Each rompus is small. Each jompus is angry. Each jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not nervous. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are temperate. Numpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not small. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Sally is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not small.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each rompus is small. Each jompus is angry. Each jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not nervous. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are temperate. Numpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not small. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Sally is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_272", + "question": "Jompuses are feisty. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are kind. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are bitter. Rompuses are not cold. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is orange. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is dull. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is cold. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Alex is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is cold.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Jompuses are feisty. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are kind. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are bitter. Rompuses are not cold. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is orange. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is dull. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is cold. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Alex is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_273", + "question": "Dumpuses are hot. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is happy. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not transparent. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every numpus is not luminous. Each zumpus is not spicy. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not amenable. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is dull. Each tumpus is an impus. Every impus is luminous. Impuses are rompuses. Alex is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is luminous.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are hot. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is happy. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not transparent. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every numpus is not luminous. Each zumpus is not spicy. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not amenable. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is dull. Each tumpus is an impus. Every impus is luminous. Impuses are rompuses. Alex is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is luminous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_274", + "question": "Vumpuses are earthy. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are temperate. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is kind. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not transparent. Rompuses are metallic. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not metallic. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is feisty. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are sour. Wumpuses are impuses. Sam is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not metallic.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are earthy. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are temperate. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is kind. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not transparent. Rompuses are metallic. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not metallic. Dumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is feisty. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are sour. Wumpuses are impuses. Sam is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_275", + "question": "Zumpuses are not red. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is sour. Every dumpus is aggressive. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is bright. Each wumpus is an impus. Impuses are luminous. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not aggressive. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is floral. Every jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Max is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not aggressive.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are not red. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is sour. Every dumpus is aggressive. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is bright. Each wumpus is an impus. Impuses are luminous. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not aggressive. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is floral. Every jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Max is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not aggressive." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_276", + "question": "Dumpuses are opaque. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not bright. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not hot. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are wooden. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Yumpuses are not nervous. Every wumpus is nervous. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are aggressive. Each numpus is an impus. Every impus is sour. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is floral. Every rompus is a jompus. Sally is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not nervous.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are opaque. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not bright. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not hot. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are wooden. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Yumpuses are not nervous. Every wumpus is nervous. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are aggressive. Each numpus is an impus. Every impus is sour. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is floral. Every rompus is a jompus. Sally is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not nervous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_277", + "question": "Rompuses are transparent. Each rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is bitter. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are mean. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are liquid. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is fruity. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Impuses are temperate. Each vumpus is brown. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not temperate. Jompuses are wumpuses. Rex is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not temperate.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are transparent. Each rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is bitter. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are mean. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are liquid. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is fruity. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Impuses are temperate. Each vumpus is brown. Every vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not temperate. Jompuses are wumpuses. Rex is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_278", + "question": "Every zumpus is happy. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Each impus is a rompus. Every rompus is luminous. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not small. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is blue. Each dumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not earthy. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not kind. Each jompus is a wumpus. Tumpuses are not dull. Wumpuses are dull. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Sally is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not dull.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is happy. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Each impus is a rompus. Every rompus is luminous. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not small. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is blue. Each dumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not earthy. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not kind. Each jompus is a wumpus. Tumpuses are not dull. Wumpuses are dull. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Sally is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_279", + "question": "Every tumpus is transparent. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is fruity. Each vumpus is feisty. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is dull. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not feisty. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is small. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not angry. Each wumpus is an impus. Wren is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not feisty.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is transparent. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is fruity. Each vumpus is feisty. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is dull. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not feisty. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are brown. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is small. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not angry. Each wumpus is an impus. Wren is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not feisty." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_280", + "question": "Every zumpus is not amenable. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is liquid. Every yumpus is an impus. Every impus is not brown. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not temperate. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Every tumpus is sweet. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are happy. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not sweet. Wumpuses are rompuses. Alex is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is sweet.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is not amenable. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is liquid. Every yumpus is an impus. Every impus is not brown. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not temperate. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are dull. Every tumpus is sweet. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are happy. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not sweet. Wumpuses are rompuses. Alex is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is sweet." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_281", + "question": "Zumpuses are not amenable. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is spicy. Each wumpus is a rompus. Every yumpus is not luminous. Each rompus is nervous. Each rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not small. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not hot. Dumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is luminous. Every jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is floral. Each vumpus is a numpus. Stella is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is luminous.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are not amenable. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is spicy. Each wumpus is a rompus. Every yumpus is not luminous. Each rompus is nervous. Each rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not small. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not hot. Dumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is luminous. Every jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is floral. Each vumpus is a numpus. Stella is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is luminous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_282", + "question": "Every dumpus is earthy. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are happy. Zumpuses are jompuses. Impuses are not luminous. Every jompus is brown. Each jompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is dull. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is hot. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not transparent. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is luminous. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is small. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Stella is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is luminous.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every dumpus is earthy. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are happy. Zumpuses are jompuses. Impuses are not luminous. Every jompus is brown. Each jompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is dull. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is hot. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not transparent. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is luminous. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is small. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Stella is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is luminous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_283", + "question": "Wumpuses are opaque. Vumpuses are not large. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are bright. Every rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not luminous. Every numpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is aggressive. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are large. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are not sour. Jompuses are yumpuses. Polly is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is large.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are opaque. Vumpuses are not large. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are bright. Every rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not luminous. Every numpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is aggressive. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are large. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are not sour. Jompuses are yumpuses. Polly is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_284", + "question": "Numpuses are transparent. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is floral. Every jompus is a rompus. Wumpuses are not happy. Each rompus is dull. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is red. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not small. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is happy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Rex is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is happy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Numpuses are transparent. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is floral. Every jompus is a rompus. Wumpuses are not happy. Each rompus is dull. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is red. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not small. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is happy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Rex is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_285", + "question": "Yumpuses are bright. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not shy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not orange. Every impus is not cold. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is kind. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are cold. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are wooden. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not sour. Vumpuses are jompuses. Stella is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is cold.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are bright. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not shy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not orange. Every impus is not cold. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is kind. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are cold. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are wooden. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not sour. Vumpuses are jompuses. Stella is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_286", + "question": "Impuses are not sweet. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are dull. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Tumpuses are not floral. Each dumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is floral. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not nervous. Each yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are liquid. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not opaque. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Max is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is floral.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Impuses are not sweet. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are dull. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Tumpuses are not floral. Each dumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is floral. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not nervous. Each yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are liquid. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not opaque. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Max is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is floral." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_287", + "question": "Every jompus is not wooden. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not temperate. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not shy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is earthy. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is blue. Every impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is sour. Every wumpus is not bright. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bright. Each yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not transparent. Numpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is bright.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every jompus is not wooden. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not temperate. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not shy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is earthy. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is blue. Every impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is sour. Every wumpus is not bright. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bright. Each yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not transparent. Numpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_288", + "question": "Numpuses are not small. Rompuses are opaque. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is hot. Dumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not nervous. Jompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is luminous. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are floral. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are brown. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not opaque. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Fae is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Numpuses are not small. Rompuses are opaque. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is hot. Dumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not nervous. Jompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is luminous. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are floral. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are brown. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not opaque. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Fae is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_289", + "question": "Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not dull. Every zumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is hot. Each jompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not large. Every impus is amenable. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not amenable. Every numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not shy. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not liquid. Each tumpus is a rompus. Polly is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is amenable.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not dull. Every zumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is hot. Each jompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not large. Every impus is amenable. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not amenable. Every numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not shy. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not liquid. Each tumpus is a rompus. Polly is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is amenable." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_290", + "question": "Each wumpus is happy. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not brown. Numpuses are tumpuses. Rompuses are not sweet. Each tumpus is amenable. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Every jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is sweet. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are dull. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is hot. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is luminous. Dumpuses are impuses. Rex is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is sweet.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each wumpus is happy. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not brown. Numpuses are tumpuses. Rompuses are not sweet. Each tumpus is amenable. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are earthy. Every jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is sweet. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are dull. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is hot. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is luminous. Dumpuses are impuses. Rex is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is sweet." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_291", + "question": "Dumpuses are dull. Each dumpus is an impus. Every impus is large. Every numpus is not luminous. Every impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are feisty. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not cold. Rompuses are jompuses. Each jompus is sweet. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not angry. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are luminous. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is red. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Stella is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not luminous.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are dull. Each dumpus is an impus. Every impus is large. Every numpus is not luminous. Every impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are feisty. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not cold. Rompuses are jompuses. Each jompus is sweet. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not angry. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are luminous. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is red. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Stella is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not luminous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_292", + "question": "Zumpuses are not feisty. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are cold. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not orange. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not earthy. Every numpus is a vumpus. Dumpuses are not transparent. Every vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Fae is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is transparent.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are not feisty. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are cold. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not orange. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not earthy. Every numpus is a vumpus. Dumpuses are not transparent. Every vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Fae is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_293", + "question": "Each rompus is brown. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not mean. Each numpus is luminous. Every tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is floral. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is hot. Impuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is dull. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not luminous. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Sally is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not luminous.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each rompus is brown. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not mean. Each numpus is luminous. Every tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is floral. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is hot. Impuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is dull. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not luminous. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Sally is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not luminous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_294", + "question": "Each vumpus is not brown. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not small. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is bright. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is amenable. Each numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is earthy. Each jompus is not luminous. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are shy. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are cold. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is luminous. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Polly is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is luminous.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each vumpus is not brown. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not small. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is bright. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is amenable. Each numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is earthy. Each jompus is not luminous. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are shy. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are cold. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is luminous. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Polly is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is luminous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_295", + "question": "Yumpuses are not liquid. Every tumpus is not kind. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is feisty. Each zumpus is an impus. Each impus is large. Impuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not opaque. Every rompus is a jompus. Every jompus is liquid. Every jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is bright. Each wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not fruity. Numpuses are vumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is liquid.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are not liquid. Every tumpus is not kind. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is feisty. Each zumpus is an impus. Each impus is large. Impuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not opaque. Every rompus is a jompus. Every jompus is liquid. Every jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is bright. Each wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not fruity. Numpuses are vumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is liquid." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_296", + "question": "Every numpus is mean. Each numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are floral. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not spicy. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is small. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not happy. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each dumpus is not small. Each wumpus is red. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not metallic. Tumpuses are impuses. Wren is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is small.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every numpus is mean. Each numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are floral. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not spicy. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is small. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not happy. Rompuses are wumpuses. Each dumpus is not small. Each wumpus is red. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not metallic. Tumpuses are impuses. Wren is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_297", + "question": "Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are mean. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is brown. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not wooden. Rompuses are not sour. Each impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are large. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is sour. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are nervous. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Every zumpus is a jompus. Sam is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is sour.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are mean. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is brown. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are not wooden. Rompuses are not sour. Each impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are large. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is sour. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are nervous. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Every zumpus is a jompus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is sour." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_298", + "question": "Yumpuses are cold. Every yumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is brown. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are sweet. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not floral. Each rompus is happy. Each numpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is aggressive. Each vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not happy. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not wooden. Impuses are wumpuses. Sally is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not happy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are cold. Every yumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is brown. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are sweet. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not floral. Each rompus is happy. Each numpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is aggressive. Each vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not happy. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not wooden. Impuses are wumpuses. Sally is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_299", + "question": "Every zumpus is luminous. Each zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not small. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is bright. Impuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is angry. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not transparent. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are cold. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are orange. Each yumpus is not cold. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are spicy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Polly is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is cold.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is luminous. Each zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not small. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is bright. Impuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is angry. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not transparent. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are cold. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are orange. Each yumpus is not cold. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are spicy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Polly is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_300", + "question": "Each tumpus is dull. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not shy. Every vumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not small. Each numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is blue. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not mean. Every yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is fruity. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not temperate. Impuses are temperate. Zumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is temperate.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is dull. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not shy. Every vumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not small. Each numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is blue. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not mean. Every yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are transparent. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is fruity. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not temperate. Impuses are temperate. Zumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_301", + "question": "Each zumpus is bitter. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every jompus is not small. Every vumpus is orange. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are amenable. Each tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are shy. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Max is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is small.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is bitter. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every jompus is not small. Every vumpus is orange. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are amenable. Each tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are shy. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Max is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_302", + "question": "Zumpuses are orange. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is metallic. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are hot. Each rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are floral. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are bright. Every numpus is an impus. Every impus is feisty. Every impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Jompuses are large. Every yumpus is not large. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Alex is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not large.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are orange. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is metallic. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are hot. Each rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are floral. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are bright. Every numpus is an impus. Every impus is feisty. Every impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Jompuses are large. Every yumpus is not large. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Alex is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_303", + "question": "Wumpuses are wooden. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are brown. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are opaque. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Every yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is earthy. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is not cold. Zumpuses are cold. Every impus is a jompus. Alex is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is cold.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are wooden. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are brown. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are opaque. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Every yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is earthy. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is not cold. Zumpuses are cold. Every impus is a jompus. Alex is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_304", + "question": "Wumpuses are amenable. Every numpus is sweet. Each numpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not hot. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are red. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is opaque. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is not metallic. Every impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is large. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not amenable. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are shy. Dumpuses are rompuses. Polly is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not amenable.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are amenable. Every numpus is sweet. Each numpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not hot. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are red. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is opaque. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is not metallic. Every impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is large. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not amenable. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are shy. Dumpuses are rompuses. Polly is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not amenable." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_305", + "question": "Every jompus is not earthy. Each rompus is transparent. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is feisty. Every impus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is amenable. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are metallic. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is earthy. Every numpus is a zumpus. Alex is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is earthy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every jompus is not earthy. Each rompus is transparent. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is feisty. Every impus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is amenable. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are metallic. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is earthy. Every numpus is a zumpus. Alex is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_306", + "question": "Impuses are hot. Impuses are tumpuses. Each dumpus is not aggressive. Every tumpus is blue. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are sour. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is opaque. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are floral. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not bright. Each zumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is aggressive. Every rompus is a jompus. Max is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is aggressive.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Impuses are hot. Impuses are tumpuses. Each dumpus is not aggressive. Every tumpus is blue. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is large. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are sour. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is opaque. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are floral. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not bright. Each zumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is aggressive. Every rompus is a jompus. Max is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is aggressive." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_307", + "question": "Vumpuses are not opaque. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is large. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not fruity. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not angry. Each zumpus is an impus. Impuses are metallic. Each impus is a tumpus. Every wumpus is not hot. Each tumpus is hot. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not nervous. Rompuses are numpuses. Stella is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not hot.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are not opaque. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is large. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not fruity. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not angry. Each zumpus is an impus. Impuses are metallic. Each impus is a tumpus. Every wumpus is not hot. Each tumpus is hot. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not nervous. Rompuses are numpuses. Stella is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not hot." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_308", + "question": "Wumpuses are not liquid. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not floral. Each zumpus is an impus. Impuses are bright. Each impus is a numpus. Every numpus is mean. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not orange. Each jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is cold. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are small. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not transparent. Each tumpus is orange. Dumpuses are rompuses. Alex is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not orange.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are not liquid. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not floral. Each zumpus is an impus. Impuses are bright. Each impus is a numpus. Every numpus is mean. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not orange. Each jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is cold. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are small. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not transparent. Each tumpus is orange. Dumpuses are rompuses. Alex is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not orange." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_309", + "question": "Zumpuses are cold. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is dull. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is kind. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is earthy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is nervous. Each yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Every numpus is a tumpus. Jompuses are not large. Tumpuses are sweet. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is large. Rompuses are impuses. Wren is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not large.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are cold. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is dull. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is kind. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is earthy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is nervous. Each yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Every numpus is a tumpus. Jompuses are not large. Tumpuses are sweet. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is large. Rompuses are impuses. Wren is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_310", + "question": "Each zumpus is not angry. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not hot. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are happy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is opaque. Each wumpus is not liquid. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are liquid. Tumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is liquid.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is not angry. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not hot. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are happy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is opaque. Each wumpus is not liquid. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are liquid. Tumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is liquid." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_311", + "question": "Rompuses are not cold. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are red. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not angry. Every jompus is small. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not opaque. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is dull. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not earthy. Every numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are nervous. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not small. Every dumpus is an impus. Polly is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not small.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are not cold. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are red. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not angry. Every jompus is small. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not opaque. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is dull. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not earthy. Every numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are nervous. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not small. Every dumpus is an impus. Polly is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_312", + "question": "Every wumpus is not small. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not dull. Jompuses are aggressive. Dumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not nervous. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is luminous. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not orange. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not cold. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not aggressive. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are spicy. Every numpus is a vumpus. Max is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not aggressive.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is not small. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not dull. Jompuses are aggressive. Dumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not nervous. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is luminous. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not orange. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not cold. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not aggressive. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are spicy. Every numpus is a vumpus. Max is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not aggressive." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_313", + "question": "Tumpuses are not transparent. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are aggressive. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is liquid. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not sweet. Each numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not large. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Impuses are not temperate. Every zumpus is not red. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not shy. Rompuses are vumpuses. Stella is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is temperate.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are not transparent. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are aggressive. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is liquid. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not sweet. Each numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are temperate. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not large. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Impuses are not temperate. Every zumpus is not red. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not shy. Rompuses are vumpuses. Stella is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_314", + "question": "Impuses are shy. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is red. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not hot. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is bitter. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are large. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not opaque. Each numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not fruity. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are aggressive. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Zumpuses are opaque. Sally is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not opaque.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Impuses are shy. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is red. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not hot. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is bitter. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are large. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not opaque. Each numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not fruity. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are aggressive. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Zumpuses are opaque. Sally is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_315", + "question": "Wumpuses are feisty. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are orange. Each tumpus is an impus. Impuses are cold. Every numpus is metallic. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is earthy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not bright. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not metallic. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Fae is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not metallic.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are feisty. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are orange. Each tumpus is an impus. Impuses are cold. Every numpus is metallic. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is earthy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not bright. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not metallic. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Fae is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_316", + "question": "Tumpuses are not sweet. Numpuses are not dull. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not aggressive. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are opaque. Every rompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not happy. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is red. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are dull. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are cold. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is fruity. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Alex is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not dull.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are not sweet. Numpuses are not dull. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not aggressive. Every jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are opaque. Every rompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not happy. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is red. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are dull. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are cold. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is fruity. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Alex is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_317", + "question": "Each jompus is fruity. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each tumpus is red. Every wumpus is small. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are shy. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are sour. Every rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is opaque. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is aggressive. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not red. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not liquid. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Stella is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not red.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each jompus is fruity. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each tumpus is red. Every wumpus is small. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are shy. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are sour. Every rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is opaque. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is aggressive. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not red. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not liquid. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Stella is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_318", + "question": "Each impus is not temperate. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is metallic. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not small. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is earthy. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is spicy. Every jompus is not spicy. Every vumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are shy. Numpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not orange. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Max is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is spicy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each impus is not temperate. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is metallic. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not small. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is earthy. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is spicy. Every jompus is not spicy. Every vumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are shy. Numpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not orange. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Max is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is spicy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_319", + "question": "Each numpus is not orange. Numpuses are dumpuses. Wumpuses are temperate. Dumpuses are small. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not kind. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is not bright. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not nervous. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are transparent. Every rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not temperate. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Wren is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not temperate.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each numpus is not orange. Numpuses are dumpuses. Wumpuses are temperate. Dumpuses are small. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not kind. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is not bright. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not nervous. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are transparent. Every rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not temperate. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Wren is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_320", + "question": "Jompuses are floral. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is bitter. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is bright. Each numpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is metallic. Each yumpus is an impus. Impuses are shy. Each impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not cold. Each rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are brown. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are kind. Tumpuses are not shy. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Sam is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not shy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Jompuses are floral. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is bitter. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is bright. Each numpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is metallic. Each yumpus is an impus. Impuses are shy. Each impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not cold. Each rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are brown. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are kind. Tumpuses are not shy. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Sam is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not shy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_321", + "question": "Rompuses are large. Rompuses are wumpuses. Tumpuses are temperate. Wumpuses are shy. Every wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is earthy. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are dull. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is metallic. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is sweet. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is amenable. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not temperate. Each jompus is a zumpus. Sally is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not temperate.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are large. Rompuses are wumpuses. Tumpuses are temperate. Wumpuses are shy. Every wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is earthy. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are dull. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is metallic. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is sweet. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is amenable. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not temperate. Each jompus is a zumpus. Sally is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_322", + "question": "Every tumpus is not floral. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are spicy. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not hot. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not blue. Every jompus is an impus. Each impus is dull. Impuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is opaque. Every vumpus is not opaque. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not amenable. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is shy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Alex is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is not floral. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are spicy. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not hot. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not blue. Every jompus is an impus. Each impus is dull. Impuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is opaque. Every vumpus is not opaque. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not amenable. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is shy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Alex is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_323", + "question": "Dumpuses are shy. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are fruity. Each numpus is not amenable. Every impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is brown. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are amenable. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Wren is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not amenable.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are shy. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are fruity. Each numpus is not amenable. Every impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is brown. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are amenable. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Wren is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not amenable." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_324", + "question": "Each zumpus is liquid. Wumpuses are red. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is kind. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are temperate. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are sour. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is bright. Each tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not red. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is large. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is floral. Vumpuses are numpuses. Alex is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not red.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is liquid. Wumpuses are red. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is kind. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are temperate. Rompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are sour. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is bright. Each tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not red. Jompuses are impuses. Each impus is large. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is floral. Vumpuses are numpuses. Alex is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_325", + "question": "Wumpuses are not mean. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each numpus is wooden. Rompuses are sour. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not opaque. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are temperate. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not brown. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not wooden. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not happy. Jompuses are vumpuses. Wren is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not wooden.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are not mean. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each numpus is wooden. Rompuses are sour. Rompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not opaque. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are temperate. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is not brown. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not wooden. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not happy. Jompuses are vumpuses. Wren is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not wooden." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_326", + "question": "Every vumpus is not fruity. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not orange. Yumpuses are jompuses. Wumpuses are not transparent. Jompuses are wooden. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are happy. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are transparent. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is bright. Every dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is sour. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are hot. Numpuses are tumpuses. Alex is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is transparent.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every vumpus is not fruity. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not orange. Yumpuses are jompuses. Wumpuses are not transparent. Jompuses are wooden. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are happy. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are transparent. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is bright. Every dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is sour. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are hot. Numpuses are tumpuses. Alex is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_327", + "question": "Each yumpus is not blue. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not large. Every rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not mean. Impuses are happy. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is cold. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not happy. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is bright. Each tumpus is a numpus. Rex is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not happy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each yumpus is not blue. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not large. Every rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not mean. Impuses are happy. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is cold. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not happy. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is bright. Each tumpus is a numpus. Rex is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_328", + "question": "Wumpuses are large. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is metallic. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is bright. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not bitter. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is transparent. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is earthy. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is kind. Every impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not hot. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Each tumpus is not transparent. Wren is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are large. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is metallic. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is bright. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not bitter. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is transparent. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is earthy. Rompuses are impuses. Each impus is kind. Every impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not hot. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Each tumpus is not transparent. Wren is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_329", + "question": "Each tumpus is opaque. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is earthy. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are aggressive. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is luminous. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not brown. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is bitter. Jompuses are wumpuses. Every rompus is not bitter. Wumpuses are large. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not happy. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Polly is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not bitter.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is opaque. Each tumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is earthy. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are aggressive. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is luminous. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not brown. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is bitter. Jompuses are wumpuses. Every rompus is not bitter. Wumpuses are large. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not happy. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Polly is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not bitter." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_330", + "question": "Numpuses are bright. Each numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are liquid. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not small. Every zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is nervous. Each yumpus is earthy. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not earthy. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not sweet. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is amenable. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Rex is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not earthy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Numpuses are bright. Each numpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are liquid. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not small. Every zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is nervous. Each yumpus is earthy. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not earthy. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are not sweet. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is amenable. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Rex is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_331", + "question": "Each vumpus is not bright. Each vumpus is a numpus. Wumpuses are small. Each numpus is not opaque. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not sweet. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is liquid. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is shy. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not brown. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not fruity. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not small. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Sam is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each vumpus is not bright. Each vumpus is a numpus. Wumpuses are small. Each numpus is not opaque. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not sweet. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is liquid. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is shy. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not brown. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not fruity. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not small. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Sam is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_332", + "question": "Each tumpus is luminous. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is fruity. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are red. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is dull. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are bitter. Each impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not kind. Each jompus is kind. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Max is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not kind.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is luminous. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is fruity. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are red. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is dull. Each vumpus is an impus. Impuses are bitter. Each impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not kind. Each jompus is kind. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Max is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_333", + "question": "Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not brown. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are floral. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not temperate. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is dull. Each numpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is large. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is kind. Vumpuses are temperate. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Stella is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not temperate.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not brown. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are floral. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not temperate. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is dull. Each numpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is large. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is kind. Vumpuses are temperate. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Stella is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_334", + "question": "Dumpuses are spicy. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is feisty. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are bright. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not orange. Wumpuses are impuses. Numpuses are not transparent. Every impus is aggressive. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are fruity. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Sally is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is transparent.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are spicy. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is feisty. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are bright. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not orange. Wumpuses are impuses. Numpuses are not transparent. Every impus is aggressive. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are fruity. Jompuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are transparent. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Sally is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_335", + "question": "Dumpuses are not hot. Every dumpus is an impus. Every impus is fruity. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are brown. Each jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is nervous. Each wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each rompus is large. Yumpuses are bitter. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is wooden. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not large. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Polly is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not large.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are not hot. Every dumpus is an impus. Every impus is fruity. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are brown. Each jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is nervous. Each wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each rompus is large. Yumpuses are bitter. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is wooden. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not large. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Polly is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_336", + "question": "Every rompus is temperate. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are shy. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Numpuses are opaque. Wumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not large. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are kind. Each jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not opaque. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Max is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every rompus is temperate. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are shy. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Numpuses are opaque. Wumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not large. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are kind. Each jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not opaque. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Max is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_337", + "question": "Dumpuses are small. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Each wumpus is spicy. Every vumpus is mean. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is fruity. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are transparent. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not spicy. Jompuses are impuses. Polly is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is spicy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are small. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Each wumpus is spicy. Every vumpus is mean. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is fruity. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are transparent. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not spicy. Jompuses are impuses. Polly is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is spicy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_338", + "question": "Each jompus is temperate. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are dull. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not kind. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are fruity. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not large. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are wooden. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are spicy. Each dumpus is an impus. Each numpus is not fruity. Stella is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not fruity.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each jompus is temperate. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are dull. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not kind. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are fruity. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not large. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are wooden. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are spicy. Each dumpus is an impus. Each numpus is not fruity. Stella is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_339", + "question": "Yumpuses are sweet. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are brown. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are bright. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is kind. Numpuses are impuses. Each impus is nervous. Impuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are liquid. Every rompus is not transparent. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Max is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is transparent.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are sweet. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are brown. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are bright. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is kind. Numpuses are impuses. Each impus is nervous. Impuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are liquid. Every rompus is not transparent. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Max is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_340", + "question": "Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are temperate. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are angry. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is small. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are opaque. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are feisty. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are luminous. Every tumpus is not feisty. Each impus is a wumpus. Wren is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is feisty.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are brown. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are temperate. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are angry. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is small. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are opaque. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are feisty. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are luminous. Every tumpus is not feisty. Each impus is a wumpus. Wren is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is feisty." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_341", + "question": "Vumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is small. Every numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are dull. Tumpuses are impuses. Every rompus is not temperate. Every impus is sour. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are angry. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is shy. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are liquid. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Polly is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not temperate.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is small. Every numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are dull. Tumpuses are impuses. Every rompus is not temperate. Every impus is sour. Impuses are jompuses. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are angry. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is shy. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are liquid. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Polly is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_342", + "question": "Impuses are shy. Each impus is a rompus. Every rompus is fruity. Every rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is brown. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are liquid. Each numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is angry. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not temperate. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not large. Every jompus is temperate. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Polly is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is temperate.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are shy. Each impus is a rompus. Every rompus is fruity. Every rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is brown. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are liquid. Each numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is angry. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not temperate. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not large. Every jompus is temperate. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Polly is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_343", + "question": "Rompuses are amenable. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not cold. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are nervous. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is sour. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are luminous. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each wumpus is not sour. Polly is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not sour.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Rompuses are amenable. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not cold. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are nervous. Each zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is sour. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are luminous. Every jompus is a vumpus. Each wumpus is not sour. Polly is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not sour." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_344", + "question": "Vumpuses are bitter. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are orange. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is large. Tumpuses are temperate. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not dull. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not temperate. Zumpuses are impuses. Stella is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is temperate.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are bitter. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are orange. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is large. Tumpuses are temperate. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not dull. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not temperate. Zumpuses are impuses. Stella is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_345", + "question": "Every zumpus is not feisty. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is angry. Vumpuses are not small. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not dull. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are fruity. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are small. Each impus is a rompus. Every rompus is not opaque. Each rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is metallic. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is red. Yumpuses are jompuses. Rex is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is not feisty. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is angry. Vumpuses are not small. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not dull. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are fruity. Numpuses are impuses. Impuses are small. Each impus is a rompus. Every rompus is not opaque. Each rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is metallic. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is red. Yumpuses are jompuses. Rex is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_346", + "question": "Every wumpus is fruity. Wumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not transparent. Each jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is cold. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Numpuses are not bright. Yumpuses are angry. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are brown. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not wooden. Impuses are rompuses. Each rompus is large. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are bright. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Sam is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not bright.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is fruity. Wumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not transparent. Each jompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is cold. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Numpuses are not bright. Yumpuses are angry. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are brown. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not wooden. Impuses are rompuses. Each rompus is large. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are bright. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Sam is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_347", + "question": "Every tumpus is bright. Yumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is opaque. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is aggressive. Impuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not large. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are liquid. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is feisty. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is earthy. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is spicy. Rompuses are numpuses. Sally is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not earthy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is bright. Yumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is opaque. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is aggressive. Impuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not large. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are liquid. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is feisty. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is earthy. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is spicy. Rompuses are numpuses. Sally is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_348", + "question": "Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are orange. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is happy. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not angry. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are earthy. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are luminous. Each jompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is bright. Dumpuses are numpuses. Vumpuses are not luminous. Every numpus is not hot. Every numpus is a tumpus. Fae is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is luminous.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are orange. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is happy. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not angry. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are earthy. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are luminous. Each jompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is bright. Dumpuses are numpuses. Vumpuses are not luminous. Every numpus is not hot. Every numpus is a tumpus. Fae is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is luminous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_349", + "question": "Each vumpus is spicy. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is blue. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is floral. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not mean. Rompuses are jompuses. Every numpus is mean. Alex is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not mean.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each vumpus is spicy. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is blue. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is floral. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not mean. Rompuses are jompuses. Every numpus is mean. Alex is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not mean." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_350", + "question": "Numpuses are not shy. Every numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not large. Each wumpus is an impus. Impuses are not metallic. Zumpuses are not sour. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are dull. Each rompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are aggressive. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is red. Jompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is fruity. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are sour. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Alex is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not sour.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Numpuses are not shy. Every numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not large. Each wumpus is an impus. Impuses are not metallic. Zumpuses are not sour. Every impus is a rompus. Rompuses are dull. Each rompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are aggressive. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is red. Jompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is fruity. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are sour. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Alex is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not sour." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_351", + "question": "Zumpuses are dull. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are shy. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are red. Each tumpus is fruity. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not fruity. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are spicy. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are mean. Every yumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is opaque. Each jompus is an impus. Stella is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not fruity.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are dull. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are shy. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are red. Each tumpus is fruity. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not fruity. Every dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are spicy. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are mean. Every yumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is opaque. Each jompus is an impus. Stella is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_352", + "question": "Each dumpus is not blue. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not earthy. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is not aggressive. Impuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is metallic. Wumpuses are not opaque. Vumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not feisty. Every rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is opaque. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is spicy. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Wren is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each dumpus is not blue. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not earthy. Jompuses are impuses. Every impus is not aggressive. Impuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is metallic. Wumpuses are not opaque. Vumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not feisty. Every rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is opaque. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is spicy. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Wren is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_353", + "question": "Dumpuses are earthy. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is sour. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each impus is hot. Numpuses are happy. Every numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not transparent. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not hot. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not aggressive. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are luminous. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Wren is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not hot.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are earthy. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is sour. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each impus is hot. Numpuses are happy. Every numpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not transparent. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not hot. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not aggressive. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are luminous. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Wren is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not hot." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_354", + "question": "Vumpuses are feisty. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not blue. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are mean. Every zumpus is an impus. Impuses are sweet. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are earthy. Every numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is cold. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are bright. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are tumpuses. Every yumpus is not bright. Fae is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not bright.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are feisty. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not blue. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are mean. Every zumpus is an impus. Impuses are sweet. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are earthy. Every numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is cold. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are bright. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are tumpuses. Every yumpus is not bright. Fae is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_355", + "question": "Impuses are not happy. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is small. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Every vumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not sweet. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is brown. Each zumpus is not brown. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are angry. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not temperate. Each yumpus is a numpus. Rex is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not brown.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are not happy. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is small. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Every vumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not sweet. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is brown. Each zumpus is not brown. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are angry. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not temperate. Each yumpus is a numpus. Rex is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not brown." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_356", + "question": "Every numpus is not floral. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are orange. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is bright. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is metallic. Dumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is cold. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is feisty. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is spicy. Every impus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is kind. Yumpuses are not kind. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is kind.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every numpus is not floral. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are orange. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is bright. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is metallic. Dumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is cold. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is feisty. Zumpuses are impuses. Each impus is spicy. Every impus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is kind. Yumpuses are not kind. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is kind." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_357", + "question": "Each vumpus is not hot. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is opaque. Every rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are sour. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Impuses are not blue. Tumpuses are metallic. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not fruity. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are blue. Every wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is mean. Every numpus is a dumpus. Stella is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is blue.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each vumpus is not hot. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is opaque. Every rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are sour. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Impuses are not blue. Tumpuses are metallic. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not fruity. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are blue. Every wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is mean. Every numpus is a dumpus. Stella is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is blue." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_358", + "question": "Impuses are dull. Each impus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is blue. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are cold. Every rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are not happy. Each jompus is a numpus. Dumpuses are not wooden. Numpuses are fruity. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are wooden. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Max is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is wooden.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Impuses are dull. Each impus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is blue. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are cold. Every rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are not happy. Each jompus is a numpus. Dumpuses are not wooden. Numpuses are fruity. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are wooden. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Max is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is wooden." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_359", + "question": "Vumpuses are not wooden. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not nervous. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not cold. Each impus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is bright. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are transparent. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is wooden. Each jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not bitter. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Max is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is wooden.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are not wooden. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not nervous. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not cold. Each impus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is bright. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are transparent. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is wooden. Each jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not bitter. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Max is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is wooden." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_360", + "question": "Rompuses are not kind. Every rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is metallic. Every dumpus is an impus. Every impus is shy. Each wumpus is temperate. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are small. Each vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is opaque. Each numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not temperate. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Sally is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is temperate.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Rompuses are not kind. Every rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is metallic. Every dumpus is an impus. Every impus is shy. Each wumpus is temperate. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are small. Each vumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is opaque. Each numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not temperate. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Sally is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_361", + "question": "Every impus is dull. Each impus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is temperate. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are happy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not earthy. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a dumpus. Rompuses are transparent. Dumpuses are blue. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not sour. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are amenable. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Rex is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is transparent.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every impus is dull. Each impus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is temperate. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are happy. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not earthy. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a dumpus. Rompuses are transparent. Dumpuses are blue. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not sour. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are amenable. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Rex is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_362", + "question": "Every wumpus is fruity. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is sour. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not nervous. Each dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are angry. Every numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not wooden. Every rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is opaque. Every zumpus is blue. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not blue. Jompuses are impuses. Sally is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not blue.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is fruity. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is sour. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not nervous. Each dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are angry. Every numpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not wooden. Every rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is opaque. Every zumpus is blue. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not blue. Jompuses are impuses. Sally is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_363", + "question": "Each impus is sweet. Each impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are small. Every dumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is mean. Every numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is red. Rompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is dull. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every wumpus is not dull. Each jompus is not opaque. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is earthy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are wooden. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Polly is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not dull.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each impus is sweet. Each impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are small. Every dumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is mean. Every numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is red. Rompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is dull. Tumpuses are jompuses. Every wumpus is not dull. Each jompus is not opaque. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is earthy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are wooden. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Polly is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_364", + "question": "Impuses are opaque. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not dull. Every numpus is a yumpus. Rompuses are not kind. Every yumpus is orange. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is kind. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are floral. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not sweet. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Stella is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are opaque. Each impus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not dull. Every numpus is a yumpus. Rompuses are not kind. Every yumpus is orange. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is kind. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are floral. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not sweet. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Stella is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_365", + "question": "Yumpuses are transparent. Vumpuses are not happy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are sweet. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not hot. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is blue. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is bright. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are luminous. Impuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not aggressive. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not transparent. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Sally is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not transparent.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are transparent. Vumpuses are not happy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are sweet. Every zumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not hot. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is blue. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is bright. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are luminous. Impuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not aggressive. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not transparent. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Sally is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_366", + "question": "Vumpuses are not wooden. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each impus is floral. Numpuses are opaque. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are small. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are red. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not sweet. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not floral. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Polly is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is floral.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are not wooden. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each impus is floral. Numpuses are opaque. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are small. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are red. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not sweet. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not floral. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Polly is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is floral." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_367", + "question": "Dumpuses are small. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are opaque. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is liquid. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not happy. Each zumpus is an impus. Each impus is not earthy. Impuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not spicy. Each jompus is hot. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not dull. Every rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is not hot. Numpuses are yumpuses. Polly is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is hot.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are small. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are opaque. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is liquid. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not happy. Each zumpus is an impus. Each impus is not earthy. Impuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not spicy. Each jompus is hot. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not dull. Every rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is not hot. Numpuses are yumpuses. Polly is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is hot." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_368", + "question": "Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not earthy. Each impus is a dumpus. Yumpuses are blue. Dumpuses are metallic. Every dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is feisty. Every rompus is a jompus. Every jompus is not blue. Jompuses are zumpuses. Fae is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not blue.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not earthy. Each impus is a dumpus. Yumpuses are blue. Dumpuses are metallic. Every dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is feisty. Every rompus is a jompus. Every jompus is not blue. Jompuses are zumpuses. Fae is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_369", + "question": "Each numpus is transparent. Each vumpus is not brown. Every numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not bright. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is bitter. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are temperate. Every rompus is an impus. Each impus is brown. Each impus is a yumpus. Rex is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is brown.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each numpus is transparent. Each vumpus is not brown. Every numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not bright. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is bitter. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are temperate. Every rompus is an impus. Each impus is brown. Each impus is a yumpus. Rex is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is brown." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_370", + "question": "Wumpuses are not blue. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not small. Every zumpus is an impus. Every numpus is earthy. Impuses are not aggressive. Each impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not earthy. Every yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is sweet. Rompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not shy. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not transparent. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Max is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not earthy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are not blue. Every wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not small. Every zumpus is an impus. Every numpus is earthy. Impuses are not aggressive. Each impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not earthy. Every yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is sweet. Rompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not shy. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not transparent. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Max is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_371", + "question": "Each tumpus is not happy. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is red. Each zumpus is a rompus. Vumpuses are not dull. Rompuses are floral. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not sour. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are hot. Numpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is dull. Wumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is not happy. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is red. Each zumpus is a rompus. Vumpuses are not dull. Rompuses are floral. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not sour. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are hot. Numpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is dull. Wumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_372", + "question": "Each wumpus is not large. Wumpuses are impuses. Every impus is opaque. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is bright. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are cold. Each tumpus is kind. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not kind. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Rex is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is kind.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each wumpus is not large. Wumpuses are impuses. Every impus is opaque. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is bright. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are cold. Each tumpus is kind. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not kind. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Rex is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is kind." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_373", + "question": "Every zumpus is metallic. Every zumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is bitter. Jompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is mean. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not cold. Each rompus is a vumpus. Each wumpus is not dull. Every vumpus is dull. Every vumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not fruity. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is small. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are red. Each yumpus is an impus. Sam is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is dull.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is metallic. Every zumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is bitter. Jompuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is mean. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not cold. Each rompus is a vumpus. Each wumpus is not dull. Every vumpus is dull. Every vumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not fruity. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is small. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are red. Each yumpus is an impus. Sam is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_374", + "question": "Yumpuses are feisty. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are brown. Each zumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not bitter. Rompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not metallic. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are large. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are aggressive. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is dull. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not temperate. Each impus is a tumpus. Dumpuses are not aggressive. Fae is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is aggressive.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are feisty. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are brown. Each zumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not bitter. Rompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not metallic. Numpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are large. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are aggressive. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is dull. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not temperate. Each impus is a tumpus. Dumpuses are not aggressive. Fae is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is aggressive." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_375", + "question": "Each dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Impuses are not metallic. Wumpuses are happy. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are brown. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are sour. Every rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is metallic. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is transparent. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not bright. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not aggressive. Yumpuses are jompuses. Fae is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is metallic.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Impuses are not metallic. Wumpuses are happy. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are brown. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are sour. Every rompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is metallic. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is transparent. Numpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not bright. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not aggressive. Yumpuses are jompuses. Fae is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_376", + "question": "Every zumpus is not metallic. Each zumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is fruity. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are large. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are aggressive. Each numpus is a jompus. Each jompus is temperate. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Tumpuses are not transparent. Each dumpus is not dull. Each dumpus is an impus. Each impus is not bitter. Impuses are wumpuses. Wren is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is not metallic. Each zumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is fruity. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are large. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are aggressive. Each numpus is a jompus. Each jompus is temperate. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Tumpuses are not transparent. Each dumpus is not dull. Each dumpus is an impus. Each impus is not bitter. Impuses are wumpuses. Wren is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_377", + "question": "Each zumpus is metallic. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not earthy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are hot. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is orange. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not opaque. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each jompus is not dull. Every numpus is kind. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not small. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Sam is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is metallic. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not earthy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are hot. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is orange. Impuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not opaque. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each jompus is not dull. Every numpus is kind. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not small. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Sam is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_378", + "question": "Dumpuses are nervous. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Every impus is transparent. Every vumpus is cold. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not mean. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bright. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not fruity. Each tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not wooden. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not transparent. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not blue. Numpuses are rompuses. Max is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is transparent.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are nervous. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Every impus is transparent. Every vumpus is cold. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not mean. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bright. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is not fruity. Each tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not wooden. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not transparent. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not blue. Numpuses are rompuses. Max is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_379", + "question": "Every impus is not transparent. Every impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is floral. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is shy. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are metallic. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not sour. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not large. Rompuses are vumpuses. Wumpuses are sour. Vumpuses are dull. Every vumpus is a numpus. Wren is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not sour.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every impus is not transparent. Every impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is floral. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is shy. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are metallic. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not sour. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not large. Rompuses are vumpuses. Wumpuses are sour. Vumpuses are dull. Every vumpus is a numpus. Wren is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not sour." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_380", + "question": "Every dumpus is large. Wumpuses are happy. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are opaque. Impuses are jompuses. Every jompus is fruity. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are orange. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not sweet. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is metallic. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not happy. Yumpuses are numpuses. Polly is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not happy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every dumpus is large. Wumpuses are happy. Each dumpus is an impus. Impuses are opaque. Impuses are jompuses. Every jompus is fruity. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are orange. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not sweet. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is metallic. Rompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not happy. Yumpuses are numpuses. Polly is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_381", + "question": "Numpuses are dull. Every numpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is wooden. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is spicy. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is earthy. Vumpuses are not feisty. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are feisty. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are blue. Each rompus is an impus. Sally is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is feisty.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Numpuses are dull. Every numpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is wooden. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is spicy. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is earthy. Vumpuses are not feisty. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are feisty. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are blue. Each rompus is an impus. Sally is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is feisty." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_382", + "question": "Each jompus is fruity. Each jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is bitter. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not happy. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are temperate. Zumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not bright. Dumpuses are not temperate. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is large. Each tumpus is an impus. Every impus is metallic. Impuses are yumpuses. Polly is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not temperate.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each jompus is fruity. Each jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is bitter. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not happy. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are temperate. Zumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not bright. Dumpuses are not temperate. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is large. Each tumpus is an impus. Every impus is metallic. Impuses are yumpuses. Polly is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_383", + "question": "Every wumpus is small. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not fruity. Every zumpus is not brown. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is luminous. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are not sweet. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is feisty. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is angry. Every dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is opaque. Rompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is brown. Numpuses are vumpuses. Sam is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is brown.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is small. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not fruity. Every zumpus is not brown. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is luminous. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are not sweet. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is feisty. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is angry. Every dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is opaque. Rompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is brown. Numpuses are vumpuses. Sam is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is brown." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_384", + "question": "Vumpuses are transparent. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are temperate. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is happy. Every rompus is a jompus. Each jompus is dull. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not sweet. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not kind. Every zumpus is a numpus. Each wumpus is kind. Each numpus is wooden. Numpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is brown. Each tumpus is an impus. Fae is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not kind.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are transparent. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are temperate. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is happy. Every rompus is a jompus. Each jompus is dull. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not sweet. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not kind. Every zumpus is a numpus. Each wumpus is kind. Each numpus is wooden. Numpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is brown. Each tumpus is an impus. Fae is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_385", + "question": "Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are opaque. Each numpus is a zumpus. Vumpuses are not fruity. Zumpuses are happy. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is bright. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are fruity. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not spicy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not amenable. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Wren is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is fruity.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are opaque. Each numpus is a zumpus. Vumpuses are not fruity. Zumpuses are happy. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are temperate. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is bright. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are fruity. Wumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not spicy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not amenable. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Wren is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_386", + "question": "Rompuses are sour. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are large. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not orange. Each yumpus is floral. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is kind. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not floral. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not feisty. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are liquid. Zumpuses are impuses. Wren is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is floral.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Rompuses are sour. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are large. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not orange. Each yumpus is floral. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is kind. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not floral. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not feisty. Numpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are liquid. Zumpuses are impuses. Wren is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is floral." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_387", + "question": "Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is luminous. Yumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not hot. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are feisty. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is opaque. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is fruity. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is sweet. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each rompus is not red. Numpuses are red. Each numpus is a wumpus. Polly is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is red.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is luminous. Yumpuses are impuses. Every impus is not hot. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are feisty. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is opaque. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is fruity. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is sweet. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each rompus is not red. Numpuses are red. Each numpus is a wumpus. Polly is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_388", + "question": "Wumpuses are fruity. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bright. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not large. Each jompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is transparent. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not luminous. Every dumpus is luminous. Numpuses are impuses. Each impus is feisty. Every impus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is blue. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rex is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not luminous.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are fruity. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bright. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not large. Each jompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is transparent. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not luminous. Every dumpus is luminous. Numpuses are impuses. Each impus is feisty. Every impus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is blue. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rex is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not luminous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_389", + "question": "Jompuses are not brown. Each jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not bitter. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not transparent. Every wumpus is cold. Each numpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is kind. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not cold. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not large. Every rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is fruity. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is bright. Every vumpus is an impus. Sally is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not cold.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Jompuses are not brown. Each jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not bitter. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not transparent. Every wumpus is cold. Each numpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is kind. Every zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not cold. Each dumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not large. Every rompus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is fruity. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is bright. Every vumpus is an impus. Sally is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_390", + "question": "Each zumpus is not red. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are happy. Every rompus is a numpus. Each numpus is not sweet. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not small. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not cold. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not transparent. Vumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not fruity. Impuses are wumpuses. Each jompus is fruity. Wumpuses are not dull. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Max is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is fruity.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is not red. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are happy. Every rompus is a numpus. Each numpus is not sweet. Numpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not small. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not cold. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not transparent. Vumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not fruity. Impuses are wumpuses. Each jompus is fruity. Wumpuses are not dull. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Max is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_391", + "question": "Yumpuses are not brown. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are kind. Jompuses are rompuses. Every rompus is dull. Each rompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are liquid. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is cold. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are brown. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not nervous. Each numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are bitter. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Stella is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is brown.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are not brown. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are kind. Jompuses are rompuses. Every rompus is dull. Each rompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are liquid. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is cold. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are brown. Impuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not nervous. Each numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are bitter. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Stella is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is brown." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_392", + "question": "Each rompus is not metallic. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are angry. Each jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is hot. Yumpuses are not blue. Each wumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not dull. Every numpus is an impus. Every impus is not transparent. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not happy. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is fruity. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Stella is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is blue.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each rompus is not metallic. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are angry. Each jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is hot. Yumpuses are not blue. Each wumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not dull. Every numpus is an impus. Every impus is not transparent. Each impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not happy. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is fruity. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are blue. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Stella is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is blue." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_393", + "question": "Every rompus is not earthy. Each rompus is an impus. Each impus is not liquid. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is red. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are mean. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are sweet. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are hot. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Each numpus is not dull. Each tumpus is large. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is dull. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Fae is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not dull.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every rompus is not earthy. Each rompus is an impus. Each impus is not liquid. Impuses are jompuses. Each jompus is red. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are mean. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are sweet. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are hot. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Each numpus is not dull. Each tumpus is large. Every tumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is dull. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Fae is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_394", + "question": "Each rompus is luminous. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is fruity. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is sweet. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is brown. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are cold. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is nervous. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Yumpuses are dull. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not amenable. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Fae is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not dull.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each rompus is luminous. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is fruity. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is sweet. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is brown. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are cold. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is nervous. Each jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Yumpuses are dull. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not amenable. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Fae is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_395", + "question": "Every jompus is not opaque. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not dull. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is sweet. Each impus is brown. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not small. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is metallic. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not brown. Every numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is mean. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Wren is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is brown.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every jompus is not opaque. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not dull. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is sweet. Each impus is brown. Yumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not small. Each rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is metallic. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Each vumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not brown. Every numpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is mean. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Wren is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is brown." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_396", + "question": "Every rompus is small. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is fruity. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are opaque. Each dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are liquid. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not bitter. Impuses are not happy. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are happy. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Sally is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is happy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every rompus is small. Each rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is fruity. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are opaque. Each dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are liquid. Vumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not bitter. Impuses are not happy. Each numpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are happy. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Sally is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_397", + "question": "Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is dull. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are wooden. Each jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are amenable. Rompuses are wumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Every wumpus is not fruity. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is cold. Every dumpus is an impus. Each impus is not spicy. Each impus is a numpus. Stella is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is fruity.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is dull. Yumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are wooden. Each jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are amenable. Rompuses are wumpuses. Vumpuses are fruity. Every wumpus is not fruity. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is cold. Every dumpus is an impus. Each impus is not spicy. Each impus is a numpus. Stella is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_398", + "question": "Each numpus is not spicy. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is amenable. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is blue. Yumpuses are opaque. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is cold. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are small. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is nervous. Every tumpus is an impus. Every impus is not dull. Each impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Each rompus is a zumpus. Wren is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each numpus is not spicy. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is amenable. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is blue. Yumpuses are opaque. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is cold. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are small. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is nervous. Every tumpus is an impus. Every impus is not dull. Each impus is a rompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Each rompus is a zumpus. Wren is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_399", + "question": "Each wumpus is cold. Every wumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not orange. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are nervous. Every numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is amenable. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not opaque. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are luminous. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Tumpuses are opaque. Each zumpus is earthy. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not large. Rompuses are impuses. Polly is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not opaque.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each wumpus is cold. Every wumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not orange. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are nervous. Every numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is amenable. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not opaque. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are luminous. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Tumpuses are opaque. Each zumpus is earthy. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not large. Rompuses are impuses. Polly is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_400", + "question": "Every vumpus is large. Every zumpus is happy. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are spicy. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are mean. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not brown. Yumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not cold. Each jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not happy. Each numpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not earthy. Tumpuses are impuses. Each impus is dull. Impuses are dumpuses. Wren is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not happy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every vumpus is large. Every zumpus is happy. Vumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are spicy. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are mean. Each wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not brown. Yumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not cold. Each jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not happy. Each numpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not earthy. Tumpuses are impuses. Each impus is dull. Impuses are dumpuses. Wren is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_401", + "question": "Rompuses are temperate. Each rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not small. Wumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not blue. Every zumpus is liquid. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are shy. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not liquid. Every jompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are spicy. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Sally is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not liquid.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are temperate. Each rompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not small. Wumpuses are impuses. Each impus is not blue. Every zumpus is liquid. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are shy. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not liquid. Every jompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are spicy. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Sally is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not liquid." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_402", + "question": "Each wumpus is angry. Zumpuses are not bright. Each zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are liquid. Yumpuses are impuses. Each impus is hot. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are orange. Each vumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not spicy. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not angry. Every numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not shy. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Stella is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not angry.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each wumpus is angry. Zumpuses are not bright. Each zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are large. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are liquid. Yumpuses are impuses. Each impus is hot. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are orange. Each vumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is not spicy. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not angry. Every numpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not shy. Tumpuses are dumpuses. Stella is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not angry." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_403", + "question": "Each vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are opaque. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are angry. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are earthy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not wooden. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not bright. Every zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is blue. Each jompus is an impus. Every dumpus is wooden. Every impus is not large. Every impus is a numpus. Alex is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is wooden.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each vumpus is sour. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are opaque. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are angry. Each yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are earthy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not wooden. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not bright. Every zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is blue. Each jompus is an impus. Every dumpus is wooden. Every impus is not large. Every impus is a numpus. Alex is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is wooden." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_404", + "question": "Each yumpus is not orange. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are cold. Every tumpus is an impus. Each impus is spicy. Impuses are dumpuses. Every jompus is not happy. Dumpuses are not small. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are earthy. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is happy. Zumpuses are rompuses. Fae is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not happy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each yumpus is not orange. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are cold. Every tumpus is an impus. Each impus is spicy. Impuses are dumpuses. Every jompus is not happy. Dumpuses are not small. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are earthy. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are transparent. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is happy. Zumpuses are rompuses. Fae is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_405", + "question": "Each wumpus is wooden. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is feisty. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are orange. Each impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not bitter. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not dull. Each rompus is a jompus. Each jompus is not floral. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is kind. Numpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Each zumpus is dull. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Wren is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not dull.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each wumpus is wooden. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is feisty. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are orange. Each impus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not bitter. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not dull. Each rompus is a jompus. Each jompus is not floral. Jompuses are numpuses. Every numpus is kind. Numpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Each zumpus is dull. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Wren is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_406", + "question": "Every impus is dull. Each impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are feisty. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are luminous. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is brown. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are cold. Every rompus is a numpus. Every dumpus is not cold. Each numpus is transparent. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is earthy. Jompuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is aggressive. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Sally is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is cold.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every impus is dull. Each impus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are feisty. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are luminous. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is brown. Zumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are cold. Every rompus is a numpus. Every dumpus is not cold. Each numpus is transparent. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is earthy. Jompuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is aggressive. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Sally is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_407", + "question": "Each impus is earthy. Zumpuses are happy. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not spicy. Every vumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are large. Every numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not hot. Every rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not happy. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not red. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are kind. Every jompus is a tumpus. Max is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not happy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each impus is earthy. Zumpuses are happy. Impuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is transparent. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not spicy. Every vumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are large. Every numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not hot. Every rompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not happy. Every dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not red. Each wumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are kind. Every jompus is a tumpus. Max is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_408", + "question": "Every yumpus is happy. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is sour. Each jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Each wumpus is mean. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are blue. Impuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not mean. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are wooden. Each tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not bright. Every numpus is a dumpus. Sally is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is mean.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every yumpus is happy. Each yumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is sour. Each jompus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Each wumpus is mean. Every rompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are opaque. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are blue. Impuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not mean. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are wooden. Each tumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not bright. Every numpus is a dumpus. Sally is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is mean." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_409", + "question": "Every rompus is bright. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not blue. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not opaque. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is feisty. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Every dumpus is not cold. Wumpuses are cold. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Stella is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is cold.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every rompus is bright. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not blue. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not opaque. Jompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is feisty. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Every dumpus is not cold. Wumpuses are cold. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Stella is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_410", + "question": "Every vumpus is transparent. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not cold. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not amenable. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not large. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are metallic. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are sweet. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is orange. Numpuses are not sweet. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Sam is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not sweet.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every vumpus is transparent. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not cold. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not amenable. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not large. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are metallic. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are sweet. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is orange. Numpuses are not sweet. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Sam is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not sweet." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_411", + "question": "Each rompus is kind. Rompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is large. Numpuses are not bright. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is spicy. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is liquid. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not floral. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Stella is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is bright.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each rompus is kind. Rompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is large. Numpuses are not bright. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is spicy. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is liquid. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not floral. Each yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is cold. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Stella is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_412", + "question": "Each vumpus is transparent. Every vumpus is an impus. Each impus is red. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are mean. Every zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not hot. Numpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not happy. Each jompus is happy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Max is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is happy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each vumpus is transparent. Every vumpus is an impus. Each impus is red. Every impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are mean. Every zumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not hot. Numpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not happy. Each jompus is happy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Max is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_413", + "question": "Wumpuses are dull. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is metallic. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not aggressive. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are nervous. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is spicy. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not small. Each numpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not brown. Each zumpus is an impus. Jompuses are small. Rex is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are dull. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is metallic. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not aggressive. Every rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are nervous. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is spicy. Every dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not small. Each numpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not brown. Each zumpus is an impus. Jompuses are small. Rex is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_414", + "question": "Every wumpus is red. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Every rompus is not dull. Each tumpus is not sour. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is nervous. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not opaque. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is dull. Every impus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is earthy. Vumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is large. Numpuses are zumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not dull.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is red. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Every rompus is not dull. Each tumpus is not sour. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are temperate. Jompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is nervous. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not opaque. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is dull. Every impus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is earthy. Vumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is large. Numpuses are zumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_415", + "question": "Every yumpus is feisty. Yumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not mean. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are fruity. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is cold. Every rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not dull. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are metallic. Every impus is a jompus. Wumpuses are red. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not red. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Alex is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is red.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every yumpus is feisty. Yumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not mean. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are fruity. Tumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is cold. Every rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not dull. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are metallic. Every impus is a jompus. Wumpuses are red. Jompuses are small. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not red. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Alex is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_416", + "question": "Zumpuses are hot. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are fruity. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not wooden. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not large. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Each rompus is not opaque. Yumpuses are bitter. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Polly is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are hot. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are fruity. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not wooden. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not large. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are opaque. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Each rompus is not opaque. Yumpuses are bitter. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Polly is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_417", + "question": "Every tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not small. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is dull. Every zumpus is a jompus. Every rompus is metallic. Each jompus is floral. Every jompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not metallic. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not cold. Each dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are shy. Numpuses are impuses. Polly is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not metallic.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not small. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is dull. Every zumpus is a jompus. Every rompus is metallic. Each jompus is floral. Every jompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not metallic. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not cold. Each dumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are shy. Numpuses are impuses. Polly is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_418", + "question": "Tumpuses are large. Every tumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is transparent. Every jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not metallic. Every wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are aggressive. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every rompus is not red. Dumpuses are red. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are bright. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is earthy. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is sweet. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Alex is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not red.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are large. Every tumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is transparent. Every jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not metallic. Every wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are aggressive. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every rompus is not red. Dumpuses are red. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are bright. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is earthy. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is sweet. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Alex is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_419", + "question": "Each dumpus is not orange. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are floral. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are luminous. Each rompus is a yumpus. Each vumpus is small. Yumpuses are not cold. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are nervous. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are not small. Each impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is angry. Wumpuses are numpuses. Wren is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not small.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each dumpus is not orange. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are floral. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are luminous. Each rompus is a yumpus. Each vumpus is small. Yumpuses are not cold. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is opaque. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are nervous. Each jompus is an impus. Impuses are not small. Each impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is angry. Wumpuses are numpuses. Wren is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_420", + "question": "Every impus is bright. Every impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are happy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not sour. Yumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is mean. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is hot. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are metallic. Every wumpus is a jompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Each jompus is opaque. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is blue. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every impus is bright. Every impus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are happy. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not sour. Yumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is mean. Numpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is hot. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are metallic. Every wumpus is a jompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Each jompus is opaque. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is blue. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_421", + "question": "Every numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not hot. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is liquid. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are brown. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not spicy. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are kind. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not floral. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not nervous. Each zumpus is nervous. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Alex is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is nervous.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not hot. Every wumpus is an impus. Each impus is liquid. Impuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are brown. Tumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not spicy. Jompuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are kind. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not floral. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not nervous. Each zumpus is nervous. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Alex is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is nervous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_422", + "question": "Every wumpus is small. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Impuses are not happy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is kind. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are earthy. Each numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are wooden. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are happy. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Fae is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not happy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is small. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Impuses are not happy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is kind. Each rompus is a numpus. Numpuses are earthy. Each numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are wooden. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are happy. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Fae is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_423", + "question": "Each rompus is not cold. Rompuses are wumpuses. Zumpuses are not transparent. Wumpuses are orange. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not fruity. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are sour. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is transparent. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are liquid. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are angry. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are shy. Vumpuses are impuses. Wren is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not transparent.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each rompus is not cold. Rompuses are wumpuses. Zumpuses are not transparent. Wumpuses are orange. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not fruity. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are sour. Numpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is transparent. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are liquid. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are angry. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are shy. Vumpuses are impuses. Wren is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_424", + "question": "Vumpuses are not nervous. Every vumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is fruity. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is wooden. Each rompus is an impus. Wumpuses are mean. Impuses are transparent. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not orange. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are cold. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not mean. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Polly is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not mean.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are not nervous. Every vumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is fruity. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is wooden. Each rompus is an impus. Wumpuses are mean. Impuses are transparent. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not orange. Every numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are cold. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is not mean. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Polly is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not mean." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_425", + "question": "Impuses are shy. Impuses are rompuses. Each rompus is temperate. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are dull. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not fruity. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not wooden. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is red. Every tumpus is not opaque. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Every jompus is a dumpus. Wren is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not opaque.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are shy. Impuses are rompuses. Each rompus is temperate. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are dull. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not fruity. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not wooden. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is red. Every tumpus is not opaque. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is opaque. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are small. Every jompus is a dumpus. Wren is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_426", + "question": "Vumpuses are not bitter. Every vumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is temperate. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not large. Each zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not bright. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are feisty. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is not floral. Numpuses are floral. Impuses are dumpuses. Wren is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is floral.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are not bitter. Every vumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is temperate. Rompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not large. Each zumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is not bright. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is orange. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are feisty. Every yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Each wumpus is an impus. Every impus is not floral. Numpuses are floral. Impuses are dumpuses. Wren is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is floral." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_427", + "question": "Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is cold. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are mean. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is spicy. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not earthy. Every impus is a yumpus. Each numpus is not small. Yumpuses are not metallic. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are opaque. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Alex is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is small.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Jompuses are bright. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is cold. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are mean. Dumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is spicy. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not earthy. Every impus is a yumpus. Each numpus is not small. Yumpuses are not metallic. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are opaque. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Alex is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_428", + "question": "Jompuses are feisty. Yumpuses are sour. Each yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is dull. Every rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is small. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is metallic. Numpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not feisty. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are angry. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is cold. Dumpuses are impuses. Rex is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not feisty.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Jompuses are feisty. Yumpuses are sour. Each yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is dull. Every rompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is small. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is metallic. Numpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is not feisty. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are fruity. Every zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are angry. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is cold. Dumpuses are impuses. Rex is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not feisty." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_429", + "question": "Every tumpus is earthy. Each tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is spicy. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are red. Each impus is a rompus. Numpuses are not shy. Every rompus is not amenable. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are cold. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are metallic. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are shy. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Wren is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not shy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is earthy. Each tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is spicy. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are red. Each impus is a rompus. Numpuses are not shy. Every rompus is not amenable. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are cold. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are metallic. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are shy. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are small. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Wren is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not shy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_430", + "question": "Zumpuses are transparent. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Each vumpus is shy. Tumpuses are red. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is floral. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not bright. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are mean. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not shy. Each rompus is an impus. Impuses are small. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are luminous. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Wren is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not shy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are transparent. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Each vumpus is shy. Tumpuses are red. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is floral. Each numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not bright. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are mean. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not shy. Each rompus is an impus. Impuses are small. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are luminous. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Wren is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not shy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_431", + "question": "Impuses are transparent. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are not spicy. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is hot. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is floral. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are liquid. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not nervous. Each vumpus is not large. Every numpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is dull. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Rex is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is large.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Impuses are transparent. Each impus is a jompus. Jompuses are not spicy. Jompuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is hot. Each zumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is floral. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are liquid. Wumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not nervous. Each vumpus is not large. Every numpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is dull. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Rex is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_432", + "question": "Yumpuses are hot. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not dull. Each wumpus is not red. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is large. Impuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is amenable. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are red. Every vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is happy. Every jompus is a numpus. Sally is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not red.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are hot. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not dull. Each wumpus is not red. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is large. Impuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is amenable. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are red. Every vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is happy. Every jompus is a numpus. Sally is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_433", + "question": "Yumpuses are floral. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are sweet. Every dumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is luminous. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are blue. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is hot. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is large. Numpuses are not hot. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not opaque. Every vumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is bright. Every rompus is an impus. Wren is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not hot.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are floral. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are sweet. Every dumpus is a jompus. Each jompus is luminous. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are blue. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is hot. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is large. Numpuses are not hot. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not opaque. Every vumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is bright. Every rompus is an impus. Wren is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not hot." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_434", + "question": "Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not liquid. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is orange. Impuses are not small. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Each tumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not bright. Numpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is angry. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are nervous. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Max is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is small.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Jompuses are earthy. Jompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not liquid. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is orange. Impuses are not small. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Each tumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not bright. Numpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is angry. Rompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are nervous. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Max is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_435", + "question": "Every impus is happy. Each impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not floral. Wumpuses are opaque. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is liquid. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not cold. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is mean. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Every rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not opaque.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every impus is happy. Each impus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is not floral. Wumpuses are opaque. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is liquid. Every tumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not cold. Jompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is mean. Every dumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Every rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is dull. Zumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are small. Numpuses are vumpuses. Rex is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_436", + "question": "Every impus is not wooden. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are dull. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is hot. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are brown. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Tumpuses are not floral. Every yumpus is floral. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not happy. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not mean. Wumpuses are numpuses. Max is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is floral.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every impus is not wooden. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are dull. Rompuses are jompuses. Every jompus is hot. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are brown. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is not small. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Tumpuses are not floral. Every yumpus is floral. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not happy. Every zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not mean. Wumpuses are numpuses. Max is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is floral." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_437", + "question": "Every tumpus is cold. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are bright. Impuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Every rompus is earthy. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are small. Wumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are orange. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not earthy. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Fae is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is earthy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is cold. Tumpuses are impuses. Impuses are bright. Impuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Every rompus is earthy. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are small. Wumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are orange. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not earthy. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Fae is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_438", + "question": "Zumpuses are cold. Every tumpus is small. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are orange. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not sweet. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is liquid. Every vumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are floral. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is happy. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not small. Impuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not dull. Yumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are cold. Every tumpus is small. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are orange. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not sweet. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is liquid. Every vumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are floral. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is happy. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not small. Impuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not dull. Yumpuses are jompuses. Sam is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_439", + "question": "Each tumpus is orange. Rompuses are not temperate. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are fruity. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is transparent. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is amenable. Every zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not orange. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is metallic. Every dumpus is a jompus. Sally is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not orange.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is orange. Rompuses are not temperate. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are fruity. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is transparent. Each vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is amenable. Every zumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not orange. Numpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is metallic. Every dumpus is a jompus. Sally is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not orange." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_440", + "question": "Rompuses are fruity. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are dull. Wumpuses are impuses. Every impus is wooden. Every impus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not mean. Every vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is large. Every jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are cold. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are nervous. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Every zumpus is not cold. Stella is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is cold.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are fruity. Rompuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are dull. Wumpuses are impuses. Every impus is wooden. Every impus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not mean. Every vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is large. Every jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are cold. Tumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are nervous. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Every zumpus is not cold. Stella is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_441", + "question": "Numpuses are aggressive. Yumpuses are small. Every numpus is an impus. Impuses are shy. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are red. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is earthy. Every rompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is transparent. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not small. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are metallic. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Each zumpus is a jompus. Fae is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Numpuses are aggressive. Yumpuses are small. Every numpus is an impus. Impuses are shy. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are red. Wumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is earthy. Every rompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is transparent. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not small. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are metallic. Each tumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are dull. Each zumpus is a jompus. Fae is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_442", + "question": "Each numpus is bright. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not kind. Each yumpus is an impus. Every impus is not luminous. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not floral. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not large. Rompuses are zumpuses. Wumpuses are large. Each zumpus is not cold. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not shy. Every dumpus is a jompus. Alex is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not large.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each numpus is bright. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not kind. Each yumpus is an impus. Every impus is not luminous. Each impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is transparent. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not floral. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not large. Rompuses are zumpuses. Wumpuses are large. Each zumpus is not cold. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not shy. Every dumpus is a jompus. Alex is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_443", + "question": "Numpuses are not metallic. Each yumpus is hot. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not bright. Every dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is spicy. Every rompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not fruity. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are large. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not amenable. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are metallic. Every zumpus is an impus. Each impus is not transparent. Every impus is a jompus. Max is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not metallic.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Numpuses are not metallic. Each yumpus is hot. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not bright. Every dumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is spicy. Every rompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not fruity. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are large. Every tumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not amenable. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are metallic. Every zumpus is an impus. Each impus is not transparent. Every impus is a jompus. Max is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_444", + "question": "Every numpus is bright. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not fruity. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is bitter. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is feisty. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is angry. Each jompus is large. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not temperate. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Each tumpus is an impus. Each impus is not large. Impuses are rompuses. Alex is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not large.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every numpus is bright. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not fruity. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is bitter. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is feisty. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is angry. Each jompus is large. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not temperate. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are transparent. Each tumpus is an impus. Each impus is not large. Impuses are rompuses. Alex is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_445", + "question": "Yumpuses are transparent. Each yumpus is an impus. Every impus is not bright. Each impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not large. Zumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is floral. Rompuses are not sour. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are brown. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not cold. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not liquid. Vumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is sour. Every numpus is a tumpus. Stella is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is sour.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are transparent. Each yumpus is an impus. Every impus is not bright. Each impus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not large. Zumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is floral. Rompuses are not sour. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are brown. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not cold. Every dumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not liquid. Vumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is sour. Every numpus is a tumpus. Stella is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is sour." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_446", + "question": "Yumpuses are not temperate. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are shy. Each dumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is floral. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not amenable. Each jompus is a zumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Zumpuses are not transparent. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are brown. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not sour. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are wooden. Every tumpus is a rompus. Alex is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is transparent.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are not temperate. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are shy. Each dumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is floral. Numpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not amenable. Each jompus is a zumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Zumpuses are not transparent. Zumpuses are impuses. Impuses are brown. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is not sour. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are wooden. Every tumpus is a rompus. Alex is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_447", + "question": "Each tumpus is blue. Each tumpus is an impus. Each impus is not sour. Each impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are feisty. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is hot. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not mean. Every jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are luminous. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Every zumpus is mean. Sally is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is mean.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is blue. Each tumpus is an impus. Each impus is not sour. Each impus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are feisty. Every wumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is hot. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not mean. Every jompus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are luminous. Every vumpus is a dumpus. Every zumpus is mean. Sally is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is mean." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_448", + "question": "Vumpuses are feisty. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not large. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not luminous. Zumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not dull. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not earthy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Rompuses are not red. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not aggressive. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is red. Impuses are dumpuses. Wren is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not red.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are feisty. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not large. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not luminous. Zumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not dull. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not earthy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Rompuses are not red. Wumpuses are transparent. Wumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not aggressive. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is red. Impuses are dumpuses. Wren is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_449", + "question": "Impuses are not angry. Every impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not happy. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every jompus is metallic. Each yumpus is transparent. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is small. Numpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is sweet. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is orange. Every rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is cold. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not metallic. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Max is a numpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is metallic.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are not angry. Every impus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not happy. Each vumpus is a yumpus. Every jompus is metallic. Each yumpus is transparent. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is small. Numpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is sweet. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is orange. Every rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is cold. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not metallic. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Max is a numpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is metallic." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_450", + "question": "Each vumpus is not bitter. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are floral. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not dull. Every jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is happy. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are liquid. Rompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is mean. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is transparent. Every numpus is not transparent. Every dumpus is an impus. Stella is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not transparent.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each vumpus is not bitter. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are floral. Yumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are not dull. Every jompus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is happy. Each tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are liquid. Rompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is mean. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is transparent. Every numpus is not transparent. Every dumpus is an impus. Stella is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_451", + "question": "Yumpuses are not dull. Vumpuses are angry. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are nervous. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not opaque. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are cold. Each tumpus is an impus. Impuses are floral. Every impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is wooden. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not angry. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are jompuses. Wren is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is angry.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are not dull. Vumpuses are angry. Each yumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are nervous. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not opaque. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are cold. Each tumpus is an impus. Impuses are floral. Every impus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is wooden. Zumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not angry. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are large. Numpuses are jompuses. Wren is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is angry." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_452", + "question": "Wumpuses are not wooden. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is sour. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are large. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is transparent. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not nervous. Jompuses are red. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are bright. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not red. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not mean. Every numpus is an impus. Max is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is red.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are not wooden. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is sour. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are large. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is transparent. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not nervous. Jompuses are red. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are bright. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is not red. Each yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not mean. Every numpus is an impus. Max is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_453", + "question": "Rompuses are opaque. Each rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are shy. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not sour. Every numpus is an impus. Each impus is mean. Impuses are zumpuses. Each tumpus is brown. Zumpuses are not brown. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is earthy. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is dull. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Wren is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not brown.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are opaque. Each rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are shy. Dumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not sour. Every numpus is an impus. Each impus is mean. Impuses are zumpuses. Each tumpus is brown. Zumpuses are not brown. Zumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is earthy. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is dull. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Wren is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not brown." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_454", + "question": "Each dumpus is not floral. Every yumpus is not cold. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not shy. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not angry. Every numpus is a jompus. Each jompus is wooden. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are floral. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are spicy. Each rompus is an impus. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a tumpus. Sally is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is floral.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each dumpus is not floral. Every yumpus is not cold. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bright. Every vumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not shy. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is not angry. Every numpus is a jompus. Each jompus is wooden. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are floral. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are spicy. Each rompus is an impus. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a tumpus. Sally is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is floral." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_455", + "question": "Every rompus is not blue. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is amenable. Every dumpus is feisty. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are floral. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not feisty. Each vumpus is an impus. Every impus is transparent. Every impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not luminous. Every wumpus is a numpus. Polly is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is feisty.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every rompus is not blue. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are dull. Jompuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is amenable. Every dumpus is feisty. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are floral. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are large. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not feisty. Each vumpus is an impus. Every impus is transparent. Every impus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not luminous. Every wumpus is a numpus. Polly is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is feisty." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_456", + "question": "Vumpuses are mean. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are brown. Every jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is nervous. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are bitter. Zumpuses are rompuses. Dumpuses are not earthy. Rompuses are earthy. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are hot. Each numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Fae is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not earthy.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are mean. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not opaque. Every impus is a jompus. Jompuses are brown. Every jompus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is nervous. Each yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are bitter. Zumpuses are rompuses. Dumpuses are not earthy. Rompuses are earthy. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are hot. Each numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are bright. Every wumpus is a tumpus. Fae is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_457", + "question": "Impuses are happy. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is floral. Every rompus is a wumpus. Yumpuses are not large. Every wumpus is bitter. Every wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not cold. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is bright. Dumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not red. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Stella is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not large.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Impuses are happy. Impuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is opaque. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is floral. Every rompus is a wumpus. Yumpuses are not large. Every wumpus is bitter. Every wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are not cold. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is bright. Dumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not red. Jompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Stella is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not large." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_458", + "question": "Tumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are jompuses. Rompuses are not transparent. Every jompus is not angry. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not shy. Every wumpus is an impus. Impuses are small. Impuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is brown. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are sour. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are liquid. Every numpus is a zumpus. Rex is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not transparent.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are jompuses. Rompuses are not transparent. Every jompus is not angry. Each jompus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not shy. Every wumpus is an impus. Impuses are small. Impuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is brown. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are sour. Every yumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are liquid. Every numpus is a zumpus. Rex is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not transparent." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_459", + "question": "Each tumpus is cold. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are luminous. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is kind. Every rompus is not earthy. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not spicy. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is earthy. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is opaque. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is dull. Every impus is a dumpus. Max is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is earthy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is cold. Every tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are luminous. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are happy. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is kind. Every rompus is not earthy. Jompuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not spicy. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is earthy. Wumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is opaque. Numpuses are impuses. Every impus is dull. Every impus is a dumpus. Max is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is earthy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_460", + "question": "Each jompus is liquid. Dumpuses are bright. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is opaque. Impuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is fruity. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not orange. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not liquid. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is small. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are feisty. Every numpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is spicy. Zumpuses are rompuses. Sam is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is not liquid.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each jompus is liquid. Dumpuses are bright. Dumpuses are impuses. Each impus is opaque. Impuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is fruity. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not orange. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is not liquid. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is small. Each wumpus is a numpus. Numpuses are feisty. Every numpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is spicy. Zumpuses are rompuses. Sam is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is not liquid." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_461", + "question": "Each zumpus is not earthy. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not hot. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are metallic. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is bright. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is spicy. Each dumpus is an impus. Every impus is opaque. Every tumpus is not opaque. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not kind. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not nervous. Rompuses are jompuses. Rex is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is opaque.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is not earthy. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not hot. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are metallic. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is bright. Each wumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is spicy. Each dumpus is an impus. Every impus is opaque. Every tumpus is not opaque. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are not kind. Numpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not nervous. Rompuses are jompuses. Rex is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_462", + "question": "Rompuses are fruity. Every rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is metallic. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are mean. Wumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not brown. Every dumpus is opaque. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not opaque. Each vumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is nervous. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are temperate. Each yumpus is an impus. Each impus is sour. Each impus is a zumpus. Sally is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not opaque.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are fruity. Every rompus is a tumpus. Every tumpus is metallic. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are mean. Wumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not brown. Every dumpus is opaque. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not opaque. Each vumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is nervous. Every numpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are temperate. Each yumpus is an impus. Each impus is sour. Each impus is a zumpus. Sally is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_463", + "question": "Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not transparent. Rompuses are dumpuses. Tumpuses are brown. Dumpuses are liquid. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are floral. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is spicy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not brown. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Stella is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is brown.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Jompuses are hot. Jompuses are rompuses. Each rompus is not transparent. Rompuses are dumpuses. Tumpuses are brown. Dumpuses are liquid. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are floral. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is spicy. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not brown. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Stella is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is brown." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_464", + "question": "Tumpuses are luminous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is floral. Each jompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are large. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are dull. Wumpuses are cold. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not cold. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not brown. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is transparent. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is not nervous. Impuses are numpuses. Alex is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is cold.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are luminous. Tumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is floral. Each jompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are large. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are dull. Wumpuses are cold. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Each yumpus is not cold. Each yumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not brown. Vumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is transparent. Rompuses are impuses. Every impus is not nervous. Impuses are numpuses. Alex is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_465", + "question": "Wumpuses are not liquid. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is opaque. Each yumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is bright. Every jompus is an impus. Impuses are not hot. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are nervous. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are sour. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are blue. Dumpuses are not sour. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is large. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Rex is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not sour.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are not liquid. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is opaque. Each yumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is bright. Every jompus is an impus. Impuses are not hot. Impuses are rompuses. Rompuses are nervous. Rompuses are numpuses. Numpuses are sour. Numpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are blue. Dumpuses are not sour. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is large. Each zumpus is a tumpus. Rex is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not sour." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_466", + "question": "Zumpuses are angry. Impuses are shy. Impuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are metallic. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are earthy. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not angry. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not spicy. Every jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are brown. Each dumpus is a rompus. Max is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is angry.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are angry. Impuses are shy. Impuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are metallic. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are earthy. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are large. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are not angry. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is not spicy. Every jompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is transparent. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are brown. Each dumpus is a rompus. Max is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is angry." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_467", + "question": "Every rompus is transparent. Each rompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not dull. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is hot. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not metallic. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are floral. Every impus is a numpus. Zumpuses are not blue. Numpuses are feisty. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is blue. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Alex is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every rompus is transparent. Each rompus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is not dull. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is hot. Vumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not metallic. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are floral. Every impus is a numpus. Zumpuses are not blue. Numpuses are feisty. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is blue. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Alex is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_468", + "question": "Tumpuses are fruity. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are cold. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are spicy. Every zumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not opaque. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are kind. Impuses are vumpuses. Each jompus is not kind. Vumpuses are not feisty. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not liquid. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not large. Each wumpus is a numpus. Polly is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are fruity. Each tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are cold. Every yumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are spicy. Every zumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not opaque. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are kind. Impuses are vumpuses. Each jompus is not kind. Vumpuses are not feisty. Vumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are not liquid. Dumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is not large. Each wumpus is a numpus. Polly is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_469", + "question": "Every wumpus is not dull. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are hot. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are red. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is spicy. Every vumpus is mean. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is large. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not mean. Each impus is a jompus. Each jompus is transparent. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not liquid. Numpuses are zumpuses. Polly is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not mean.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is not dull. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are hot. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are red. Yumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is spicy. Every vumpus is mean. Rompuses are dumpuses. Each dumpus is large. Dumpuses are impuses. Impuses are not mean. Each impus is a jompus. Each jompus is transparent. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are not liquid. Numpuses are zumpuses. Polly is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not mean." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_470", + "question": "Each jompus is earthy. Every jompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is liquid. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not mean. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is transparent. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is small. Yumpuses are rompuses. Dumpuses are not small. Every rompus is not bright. Each rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are orange. Each tumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is hot. Numpuses are impuses. Alex is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each jompus is earthy. Every jompus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is liquid. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not mean. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is transparent. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is small. Yumpuses are rompuses. Dumpuses are not small. Every rompus is not bright. Each rompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are orange. Each tumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is hot. Numpuses are impuses. Alex is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_471", + "question": "Vumpuses are not bright. Each dumpus is metallic. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are spicy. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are red. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are opaque. Each numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is bright. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is aggressive. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not shy. Every tumpus is a jompus. Sam is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is bright.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Vumpuses are not bright. Each dumpus is metallic. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are spicy. Wumpuses are impuses. Impuses are red. Each impus is a numpus. Numpuses are opaque. Each numpus is a rompus. Each rompus is bright. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are large. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is aggressive. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not shy. Every tumpus is a jompus. Sam is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_472", + "question": "Numpuses are not luminous. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is brown. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is cold. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are mean. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is opaque. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not small. Every yumpus is not sour. Every wumpus is an impus. Every impus is sour. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is happy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Wren is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is not sour.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Numpuses are not luminous. Every numpus is a jompus. Every jompus is brown. Jompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is cold. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are mean. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is opaque. Each zumpus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not small. Every yumpus is not sour. Every wumpus is an impus. Every impus is sour. Every impus is a rompus. Every rompus is happy. Rompuses are dumpuses. Wren is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is not sour." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_473", + "question": "Dumpuses are aggressive. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are small. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bitter. Every yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not blue. Each rompus is a numpus. Each impus is liquid. Numpuses are not happy. Each numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not liquid. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bright. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is floral. Tumpuses are jompuses. Max is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is not liquid.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are aggressive. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are small. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are bitter. Every yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is not blue. Each rompus is a numpus. Each impus is liquid. Numpuses are not happy. Each numpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not liquid. Wumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bright. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is floral. Tumpuses are jompuses. Max is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is not liquid." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_474", + "question": "Each zumpus is mean. Jompuses are not feisty. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not orange. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not luminous. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is hot. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is bitter. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not mean. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is mean.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is mean. Jompuses are not feisty. Jompuses are impuses. Impuses are not orange. Impuses are numpuses. Each numpus is not luminous. Numpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are yumpuses. Each yumpus is hot. Yumpuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is bitter. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not mean. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Sally is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is mean." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_475", + "question": "Each jompus is red. Each jompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is amenable. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not nervous. Each tumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is temperate. Every numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not floral. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are bright. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are wooden. Rompuses are not bright. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are spicy. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Polly is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not bright.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each jompus is red. Each jompus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is amenable. Every dumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not nervous. Each tumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is temperate. Every numpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not floral. Every vumpus is an impus. Impuses are bright. Impuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are wooden. Rompuses are not bright. Each wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are spicy. Every zumpus is a yumpus. Polly is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_476", + "question": "Each wumpus is not amenable. Yumpuses are transparent. Each yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is luminous. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not fruity. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are amenable. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not shy. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is cold. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is small. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Wren is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Wren is amenable.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each wumpus is not amenable. Yumpuses are transparent. Each yumpus is a rompus. Each rompus is luminous. Rompuses are impuses. Impuses are not fruity. Each impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are jompuses. Jompuses are amenable. Every jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not shy. Zumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is cold. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is small. Each dumpus is a tumpus. Wren is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Wren is amenable." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_477", + "question": "Dumpuses are fruity. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not happy. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not bitter. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not aggressive. Each jompus is a tumpus. Zumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are luminous. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are hot. Every rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is small. Every wumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not bright. Each numpus is an impus. Fae is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not bright.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Dumpuses are fruity. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are not happy. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not bitter. Yumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not aggressive. Each jompus is a tumpus. Zumpuses are bright. Tumpuses are luminous. Every tumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are hot. Every rompus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is small. Every wumpus is a numpus. Every numpus is not bright. Each numpus is an impus. Fae is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_478", + "question": "Wumpuses are spicy. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are aggressive. Numpuses are small. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are hot. Every tumpus is an impus. Impuses are not metallic. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not small. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not floral. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not bright. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are shy. Each vumpus is a jompus. Polly is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are spicy. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are aggressive. Numpuses are small. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are hot. Every tumpus is an impus. Impuses are not metallic. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not small. Every rompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are not floral. Every dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not bright. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are shy. Each vumpus is a jompus. Polly is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_479", + "question": "Wumpuses are not bitter. Every impus is not blue. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is temperate. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not small. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not wooden. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is happy. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are transparent. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is bitter. Each dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not amenable. Each jompus is a vumpus. Sally is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not bitter.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are not bitter. Every impus is not blue. Impuses are rompuses. Every rompus is temperate. Each rompus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not small. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not wooden. Yumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is happy. Tumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are transparent. Numpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is bitter. Each dumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not amenable. Each jompus is a vumpus. Sally is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not bitter." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_480", + "question": "Rompuses are not temperate. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are nervous. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is orange. Every impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is luminous. Each wumpus is dull. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is angry. Each zumpus is a numpus. Stella is a rompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not dull.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Rompuses are not temperate. Each rompus is a jompus. Jompuses are nervous. Jompuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are small. Tumpuses are impuses. Every impus is orange. Every impus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not dull. Vumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is luminous. Each wumpus is dull. Yumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are transparent. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is angry. Each zumpus is a numpus. Stella is a rompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not dull." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_481", + "question": "Each tumpus is sweet. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not orange. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not temperate. Dumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is kind. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are liquid. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is large. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is happy. Each impus is not happy. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are rompuses. Polly is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is happy.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is sweet. Each tumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are not orange. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is not temperate. Dumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is kind. Every jompus is a numpus. Numpuses are liquid. Numpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is large. Each zumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is happy. Each impus is not happy. Every vumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are transparent. Yumpuses are rompuses. Polly is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is happy." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_482", + "question": "Zumpuses are angry. Zumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not happy. Each jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is blue. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not transparent. Every rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is sweet. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not large. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Every impus is temperate. Every vumpus is not temperate. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Rex is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is temperate.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Zumpuses are angry. Zumpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not happy. Each jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not earthy. Tumpuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is blue. Every wumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not transparent. Every rompus is a numpus. Every numpus is sweet. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not large. Every yumpus is a vumpus. Every impus is temperate. Every vumpus is not temperate. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Rex is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is temperate." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_483", + "question": "Each numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not shy. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not small. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is bitter. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not amenable. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not temperate. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Every impus is not red. Every tumpus is red. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are wooden. Rompuses are yumpuses. Sally is a zumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sally is not red.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each numpus is not transparent. Every numpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not shy. Each jompus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not small. Zumpuses are dumpuses. Every dumpus is bitter. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is not amenable. Each vumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is not temperate. Wumpuses are tumpuses. Every impus is not red. Every tumpus is red. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are wooden. Rompuses are yumpuses. Sally is a zumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sally is not red." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_484", + "question": "Every tumpus is fruity. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not transparent. Yumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is sour. Rompuses are numpuses. Every jompus is orange. Every numpus is dull. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not metallic. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not orange. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is large. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not temperate. Every zumpus is an impus. Fae is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not orange.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every tumpus is fruity. Tumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not transparent. Yumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is sour. Rompuses are numpuses. Every jompus is orange. Every numpus is dull. Every numpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not metallic. Dumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is not orange. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is large. Wumpuses are zumpuses. Each zumpus is not temperate. Every zumpus is an impus. Fae is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not orange." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_485", + "question": "Tumpuses are not bright. Each tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is hot. Each jompus is a numpus. Each numpus is not kind. Every numpus is an impus. Impuses are blue. Impuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is small. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are luminous. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is shy. Each dumpus is not luminous. Every yumpus is a rompus. Stella is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not luminous.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are not bright. Each tumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is hot. Each jompus is a numpus. Each numpus is not kind. Every numpus is an impus. Impuses are blue. Impuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is small. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are luminous. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Every yumpus is shy. Each dumpus is not luminous. Every yumpus is a rompus. Stella is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not luminous." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_486", + "question": "Impuses are not blue. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are bitter. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not temperate. Each yumpus is a jompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Every jompus is metallic. Every jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is nervous. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are amenable. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not fruity. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Sam is an impus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is opaque.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Impuses are not blue. Every impus is a numpus. Numpuses are bitter. Numpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not temperate. Each yumpus is a jompus. Rompuses are not opaque. Every jompus is metallic. Every jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are opaque. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is nervous. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are amenable. Zumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is not fruity. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Sam is an impus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is opaque." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_487", + "question": "Wumpuses are aggressive. Wumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is earthy. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is bitter. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are large. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are bright. Each zumpus is not bright. Every impus is a rompus. Each rompus is feisty. Each rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are opaque. Each yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not wooden. Numpuses are dumpuses. Rex is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is bright.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Wumpuses are aggressive. Wumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is earthy. Jompuses are tumpuses. Each tumpus is bitter. Each tumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are large. Vumpuses are impuses. Impuses are bright. Each zumpus is not bright. Every impus is a rompus. Each rompus is feisty. Each rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are opaque. Each yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is not wooden. Numpuses are dumpuses. Rex is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_488", + "question": "Tumpuses are wooden. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are sweet. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are hot. Each numpus is not hot. Each jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are nervous. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not brown. Each zumpus is an impus. Alex is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is hot.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Tumpuses are wooden. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are sweet. Each yumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are dull. Dumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are kind. Rompuses are jompuses. Jompuses are hot. Each numpus is not hot. Each jompus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is opaque. Every vumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are nervous. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are not brown. Each zumpus is an impus. Alex is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is hot." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_489", + "question": "Every zumpus is nervous. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are orange. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are kind. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are bitter. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is liquid. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not bright. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is transparent. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not cold. Impuses are cold. Every jompus is a rompus. Rex is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is cold.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is nervous. Zumpuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are orange. Every vumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are kind. Every tumpus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are bitter. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Each wumpus is liquid. Wumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not bright. Every yumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is transparent. Numpuses are jompuses. Every jompus is not cold. Impuses are cold. Every jompus is a rompus. Rex is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_490", + "question": "Each wumpus is red. Each wumpus is an impus. Impuses are not transparent. Every impus is a jompus. Every jompus is happy. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is mean. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are small. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not earthy. Dumpuses are bright. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not bright. Each yumpus is a numpus. Max is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Max is bright.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each wumpus is red. Each wumpus is an impus. Impuses are not transparent. Every impus is a jompus. Every jompus is happy. Jompuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are bitter. Vumpuses are rompuses. Each rompus is mean. Rompuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are small. Every zumpus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is not earthy. Dumpuses are bright. Every tumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not bright. Each yumpus is a numpus. Max is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Max is bright." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_491", + "question": "Each tumpus is wooden. Every tumpus is an impus. Numpuses are cold. Every impus is kind. Each impus is a jompus. Each jompus is feisty. Every jompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not red. Each yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Rompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is bright. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not cold. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Stella is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is cold.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each tumpus is wooden. Every tumpus is an impus. Numpuses are cold. Every impus is kind. Each impus is a jompus. Each jompus is feisty. Every jompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not red. Each yumpus is a rompus. Rompuses are large. Rompuses are vumpuses. Each vumpus is bright. Vumpuses are wumpuses. Wumpuses are not cold. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are opaque. Dumpuses are zumpuses. Stella is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is cold." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_492", + "question": "Every jompus is kind. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is dull. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not nervous. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not sour. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is wooden. Each yumpus is an impus. Impuses are not orange. Every impus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is cold. Dumpuses are orange. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are transparent. Rompuses are numpuses. Rex is a wumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not orange.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every jompus is kind. Jompuses are wumpuses. Each wumpus is dull. Every wumpus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is not nervous. Vumpuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not sour. Each zumpus is a yumpus. Every yumpus is wooden. Each yumpus is an impus. Impuses are not orange. Every impus is a tumpus. Each tumpus is cold. Dumpuses are orange. Tumpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are transparent. Rompuses are numpuses. Rex is a wumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not orange." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_493", + "question": "Numpuses are angry. Every wumpus is not floral. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are feisty. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not wooden. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is transparent. Impuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are orange. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not angry. Each jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not spicy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Alex is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not angry.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Numpuses are angry. Every wumpus is not floral. Wumpuses are dumpuses. Dumpuses are feisty. Each dumpus is a zumpus. Each zumpus is not wooden. Each zumpus is an impus. Every impus is transparent. Impuses are vumpuses. Vumpuses are orange. Vumpuses are jompuses. Each jompus is not angry. Each jompus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are not spicy. Tumpuses are rompuses. Alex is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not angry." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_494", + "question": "Every vumpus is spicy. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is wooden. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are dull. Every yumpus is an impus. Impuses are not transparent. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not fruity. Every zumpus is a rompus. Each wumpus is fruity. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are numpuses. Rex is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not fruity.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Every vumpus is spicy. Each vumpus is a jompus. Every jompus is wooden. Jompuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are dull. Every yumpus is an impus. Impuses are not transparent. Impuses are zumpuses. Zumpuses are not fruity. Every zumpus is a rompus. Each wumpus is fruity. Rompuses are not small. Rompuses are numpuses. Rex is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not fruity." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_495", + "question": "Each wumpus is nervous. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not liquid. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is hot. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is sour. Each zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not floral. Every jompus is an impus. Every numpus is not orange. Impuses are orange. Each impus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not opaque. Each yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is small. Every rompus is a dumpus. Sam is a vumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Sam is orange.", + "answer": true, + "original_context": "Each wumpus is nervous. Each wumpus is a vumpus. Vumpuses are not liquid. Vumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is hot. Tumpuses are zumpuses. Every zumpus is sour. Each zumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are not floral. Every jompus is an impus. Every numpus is not orange. Impuses are orange. Each impus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are not opaque. Each yumpus is a rompus. Every rompus is small. Every rompus is a dumpus. Sam is a vumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Sam is orange." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_496", + "question": "Each zumpus is not metallic. Every zumpus is a jompus. Rompuses are not aggressive. Jompuses are not red. Each jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not nervous. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is cold. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not dull. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are aggressive. Every numpus is an impus. Alex is a tumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Alex is not aggressive.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Each zumpus is not metallic. Every zumpus is a jompus. Rompuses are not aggressive. Jompuses are not red. Each jompus is a wumpus. Every wumpus is not nervous. Each wumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are transparent. Tumpuses are vumpuses. Every vumpus is cold. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is not dull. Each dumpus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are spicy. Yumpuses are numpuses. Numpuses are aggressive. Every numpus is an impus. Alex is a tumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Alex is not aggressive." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_497", + "question": "Yumpuses are metallic. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is nervous. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not sour. Zumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is kind. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Every rompus is an impus. Every impus is not opaque. Impuses are dumpuses. Jompuses are not small. Dumpuses are not dull. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is orange. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Stella is a yumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Stella is not small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Yumpuses are metallic. Yumpuses are wumpuses. Every wumpus is nervous. Every wumpus is a zumpus. Every zumpus is not sour. Zumpuses are numpuses. Each numpus is kind. Numpuses are rompuses. Rompuses are small. Every rompus is an impus. Every impus is not opaque. Impuses are dumpuses. Jompuses are not small. Dumpuses are not dull. Each dumpus is a vumpus. Each vumpus is orange. Each vumpus is a tumpus. Stella is a yumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Stella is not small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_498", + "question": "Jompuses are earthy. Every jompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are liquid. Each vumpus is not sweet. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Every wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is aggressive. Each numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are brown. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are sweet. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not dull. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are temperate. Yumpuses are impuses. Rex is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Rex is not sweet.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Jompuses are earthy. Every jompus is a dumpus. Dumpuses are liquid. Each vumpus is not sweet. Each dumpus is a wumpus. Wumpuses are transparent. Every wumpus is a numpus. Each numpus is aggressive. Each numpus is a zumpus. Zumpuses are brown. Zumpuses are tumpuses. Tumpuses are sweet. Tumpuses are rompuses. Every rompus is not dull. Every rompus is a yumpus. Yumpuses are temperate. Yumpuses are impuses. Rex is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Rex is not sweet." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_499", + "question": "Every wumpus is brown. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is dull. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not metallic. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are sour. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is opaque. Each numpus is an impus. Each impus is small. Every impus is a jompus. Each zumpus is not small. Fae is a dumpus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Fae is not small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every wumpus is brown. Every wumpus is a dumpus. Every dumpus is dull. Dumpuses are yumpuses. Yumpuses are not metallic. Every yumpus is a tumpus. Tumpuses are sour. Tumpuses are numpuses. Every numpus is opaque. Each numpus is an impus. Each impus is small. Every impus is a jompus. Each zumpus is not small. Fae is a dumpus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Fae is not small." + }, + { + "id": "ProntoQA_500", + "question": "Every zumpus is aggressive. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Wumpuses are not small. Each yumpus is not luminous. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are orange. Jompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is earthy. Each numpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not sweet. Each rompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is bright. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is small. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is cold. Every tumpus is an impus. Polly is a jompus.\n\nIs the following statement true or false? Polly is not small.", + "answer": false, + "original_context": "Every zumpus is aggressive. Zumpuses are yumpuses. Wumpuses are not small. Each yumpus is not luminous. Every yumpus is a jompus. Jompuses are orange. Jompuses are numpuses. Each numpus is earthy. Each numpus is a rompus. Rompuses are not sweet. Each rompus is a vumpus. Every vumpus is bright. Each vumpus is a dumpus. Each dumpus is small. Dumpuses are tumpuses. Every tumpus is cold. Every tumpus is an impus. Polly is a jompus.", + "original_question": "Is the following statement true or false? Polly is not small." + } +] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/examples/bench_folio.py b/examples/bench_folio.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e8968c6 --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/bench_folio.py @@ -0,0 +1,151 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +"""Benchmark: FOLIO with SMT2 backend and Azure OpenAI. + +FOLIO (First-Order Logic in Natural Language) is a human-annotated dataset +for evaluating natural language reasoning with first-order logic. It contains +logically complex and diverse examples with formal FOL annotations verified +by an FOL inference engine. + +Dataset: HuggingFace yale-nlp/FOLIO (train split) +Format: JSONL file with premises, conclusion, and label (True/False/Uncertain) +Note: This script filters out "Uncertain" labels for binary classification +""" + +import json +import logging +import sys +from pathlib import Path + +# Add parent directory to path for z3dsl imports +sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) + +from azure_config import get_client_config + +from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought + +# Configure logging +logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") + + +def preprocess_folio(jsonl_path: str, output_path: str) -> None: + """Preprocess FOLIO to combine premises + conclusion and filter Uncertain labels. + + FOLIO format: + - premises: Background context (natural language statements) + - conclusion: The statement to verify + - label: "True", "False", or "Uncertain" + - story_id: ID of the premise set + - example_id: Unique example ID + + Output format: + - question: premises + "\n\nConclusion: " + conclusion + - answer: True/False (boolean, "Uncertain" samples filtered out) + - id: example_id + - story_id: original story_id + """ + with open(jsonl_path) as f: + data = [json.loads(line) for line in f] + + print(f"Total samples: {len(data)}") + + # Filter out Uncertain labels for binary classification + data_filtered = [item for item in data if item["label"] != "Uncertain"] + + print(f"After filtering Uncertain: {len(data_filtered)}") + + label_counts: dict[str, int] = {} + for item in data_filtered: + label_counts[item["label"]] = label_counts.get(item["label"], 0) + 1 + print(f"Label distribution: {label_counts}") + + processed = [] + for item in data_filtered: + # Combine premises with conclusion for complete reasoning scenario + # Frame as direct assertion task to match SAT=True/UNSAT=False interpretation + # Instead of asking "does it follow?", ask "is it true given the premises?" + full_question = f"Given the following premises:\n\n{item['premises']}\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: {item['conclusion']}" + + # Convert string label to boolean + answer_bool = item["label"] == "True" + + processed.append( + { + "id": f"folio_{item['example_id']}", + "question": full_question, + "answer": answer_bool, + "story_id": item["story_id"], + "example_id": item["example_id"], + "original_premises": item["premises"], + "original_conclusion": item["conclusion"], + } + ) + + with open(output_path, "w") as f: + json.dump(processed, f, indent=2) + + print(f"Preprocessed {len(processed)} FOLIO examples") + print(f"Saved to: {output_path}") + + +# Preprocess the dataset +jsonl_file = "examples/folio_v2_train.jsonl" +processed_file = "examples/folio_v2_train_processed.json" + +print("Preprocessing FOLIO dataset...") +preprocess_folio(jsonl_file, processed_file) +print() + +# Get Azure OpenAI configuration +config = get_client_config() + +# Create ProofOfThought instance with SMT2 backend +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2", + max_attempts=3, + cache_dir="output/programs_smt2_folio", + z3_path="z3", +) + +# Create evaluation pipeline with parallel workers +evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( + proof_of_thought=pot, + output_dir="output/evaluation_results_folio", + num_workers=10, +) + +# Run evaluation on preprocessed dataset +result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset=processed_file, + question_field="question", + answer_field="answer", + id_field="id", + max_samples=100, + skip_existing=True, +) + +# Print results +print("\n" + "=" * 80) +print("FOLIO BENCHMARK RESULTS (SMT2 Backend + Azure GPT-5)") +print("=" * 80) +print(f"Total Samples: {result.metrics.total_samples}") +print(f"Correct: {result.metrics.correct_answers}") +print(f"Wrong: {result.metrics.wrong_answers}") +print(f"Failed: {result.metrics.failed_answers}") +print() +print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") +print(f"Precision: {result.metrics.precision:.4f}") +print(f"Recall: {result.metrics.recall:.4f}") +print(f"F1 Score: {result.metrics.f1_score:.4f}") +print(f"Specificity: {result.metrics.specificity:.4f}") +print() +print(f"True Positives: {result.metrics.tp}") +print(f"True Negatives: {result.metrics.tn}") +print(f"False Positives: {result.metrics.fp}") +print(f"False Negatives: {result.metrics.fn}") +print("=" * 80) +print("\nNOTE: FOLIO is a challenging dataset with complex first-order logic reasoning.") +print(" It includes expert-written examples with formal FOL annotations.") +print(" 'Uncertain' labels filtered out for binary classification.") +print(" Dataset: 1,001 total examples, 677 with definite True/False labels.") diff --git a/examples/bench_prontoqa.py b/examples/bench_prontoqa.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..28a9f1b --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/bench_prontoqa.py @@ -0,0 +1,128 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +"""Benchmark: ProntoQA with SMT2 backend and Azure OpenAI. + +ProntoQA is a synthetic question-answering dataset designed to formally analyze +chain-of-thought reasoning in large language models. It requires deductive reasoning +(modus ponens) to answer true/false queries with varying reasoning depths (hops). + +Dataset: HuggingFace renma/ProntoQA +Format: Each entry contains context (facts/rules), question, and answer ("A"=True, "B"=False) +""" + +import json +import logging +import sys +from pathlib import Path + +# Add parent directory to path for z3dsl imports +sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) + +from azure_config import get_client_config + +from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought + +# Configure logging +logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") + + +def preprocess_prontoqa(input_path: str, output_path: str) -> None: + """Preprocess ProntoQA to combine context + question and convert answer format. + + ProntoQA format: + - context: Background facts and rules + - question: "Is the following statement true or false? [statement]" + - answer: "A" (True) or "B" (False) + + Output format: + - question: context + "\n\n" + question + - answer: True/False (boolean) + - id: original id + """ + with open(input_path) as f: + data = json.load(f) + + processed = [] + for item in data: + # Combine context with question for complete reasoning scenario + full_question = f"{item['context']}\n\n{item['question']}" + + # Convert A/B answer to boolean (A=True, B=False) + answer_bool = True if item["answer"] == "A" else False + + processed.append( + { + "id": item["id"], + "question": full_question, + "answer": answer_bool, + "original_context": item["context"], + "original_question": item["question"], + } + ) + + with open(output_path, "w") as f: + json.dump(processed, f, indent=2) + + print(f"Preprocessed {len(processed)} ProntoQA examples") + print(f"Saved to: {output_path}") + + +# Preprocess the dataset +input_file = "examples/ProntoQA_dev_gpt-4.json" +processed_file = "examples/ProntoQA_dev_processed.json" + +print("Preprocessing ProntoQA dataset...") +preprocess_prontoqa(input_file, processed_file) +print() + +# Get Azure OpenAI configuration +config = get_client_config() + +# Create ProofOfThought instance with SMT2 backend +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2", + max_attempts=3, + cache_dir="output/programs_smt2_prontoqa", + z3_path="z3", +) + +# Create evaluation pipeline with parallel workers +evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( + proof_of_thought=pot, + output_dir="output/evaluation_results_prontoqa", + num_workers=10, +) + +# Run evaluation on preprocessed dataset +result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset=processed_file, + question_field="question", + answer_field="answer", + id_field="id", + max_samples=100, + skip_existing=True, +) + +# Print results +print("\n" + "=" * 80) +print("PRONTOQA BENCHMARK RESULTS (SMT2 Backend + Azure GPT-5)") +print("=" * 80) +print(f"Total Samples: {result.metrics.total_samples}") +print(f"Correct: {result.metrics.correct_answers}") +print(f"Wrong: {result.metrics.wrong_answers}") +print(f"Failed: {result.metrics.failed_answers}") +print() +print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") +print(f"Precision: {result.metrics.precision:.4f}") +print(f"Recall: {result.metrics.recall:.4f}") +print(f"F1 Score: {result.metrics.f1_score:.4f}") +print(f"Specificity: {result.metrics.specificity:.4f}") +print() +print(f"True Positives: {result.metrics.tp}") +print(f"True Negatives: {result.metrics.tn}") +print(f"False Positives: {result.metrics.fp}") +print(f"False Negatives: {result.metrics.fn}") +print("=" * 80) +print("\nNOTE: ProntoQA tests deductive reasoning with varying depths.") +print(" Dataset contains 500 synthetic examples with formal logic rules.") diff --git a/examples/bench_proofwriter.py b/examples/bench_proofwriter.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0b8a44f --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/bench_proofwriter.py @@ -0,0 +1,155 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +"""Benchmark: ProofWriter with SMT2 backend and Azure OpenAI. + +ProofWriter is a logical reasoning benchmark consisting of natural language +rulebases (facts and rules) with questions that can be proven true, false, +or unknown. The dataset includes proofs of various depths and complexity. + +Dataset: HuggingFace tasksource/proofwriter (test split) +Format: Parquet file with theory (facts/rules), question, and answer (True/False/Unknown) +Note: This script filters out "Unknown" answers for binary classification +""" + +import json +import logging +import sys +from pathlib import Path + +# Add parent directory to path for z3dsl imports +sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) + +from azure_config import get_client_config + +from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought + +# Configure logging +logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") + + +def preprocess_proofwriter(parquet_path: str, output_path: str, max_samples: int = 1000) -> None: + """Preprocess ProofWriter to combine theory + question and filter Unknown answers. + + ProofWriter format: + - theory: Background facts and rules (natural language) + - question: The query statement + - answer: "True", "False", or "Unknown" + - QDep: Question depth (number of reasoning steps) + + Output format: + - question: theory + "\n\nQuestion: " + question + - answer: True/False (boolean, "Unknown" samples filtered out) + - id: original id + - QDep: reasoning depth + """ + import pandas as pd + + df = pd.read_parquet(parquet_path) + + # Filter out Unknown answers for binary classification + df_filtered = df[df["answer"] != "Unknown"].copy() + + print(f"Total samples: {len(df)}") + print(f"After filtering Unknown: {len(df_filtered)}") + print(f"Answer distribution: {df_filtered['answer'].value_counts().to_dict()}") + + # Sample for evaluation (balanced if possible) + if len(df_filtered) > max_samples: + # Try to get balanced sample + df_true = df_filtered[df_filtered["answer"] == "True"].sample( + n=min(max_samples // 2, len(df_filtered[df_filtered["answer"] == "True"])), + random_state=42, + ) + df_false = df_filtered[df_filtered["answer"] == "False"].sample( + n=min(max_samples // 2, len(df_filtered[df_filtered["answer"] == "False"])), + random_state=42, + ) + df_filtered = pd.concat([df_true, df_false]).sample(frac=1, random_state=42) + + processed = [] + for _, row in df_filtered.iterrows(): + # Combine theory with question for complete reasoning scenario + full_question = f"{row['theory']}\n\nQuestion: {row['question']}" + + # Convert string answer to boolean + answer_bool = row["answer"] == "True" + + processed.append( + { + "id": row["id"], + "question": full_question, + "answer": answer_bool, + "QDep": int(row["QDep"]), + "original_theory": row["theory"], + "original_question": row["question"], + } + ) + + with open(output_path, "w") as f: + json.dump(processed, f, indent=2) + + print(f"Preprocessed {len(processed)} ProofWriter examples") + print(f"QDep distribution: {df_filtered['QDep'].value_counts().sort_index().to_dict()}") + print(f"Saved to: {output_path}") + + +# Preprocess the dataset +parquet_file = "examples/proofwriter_test.parquet" +processed_file = "examples/proofwriter_test_processed.json" + +print("Preprocessing ProofWriter dataset...") +preprocess_proofwriter(parquet_file, processed_file, max_samples=1000) +print() + +# Get Azure OpenAI configuration +config = get_client_config() + +# Create ProofOfThought instance with SMT2 backend +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2", + max_attempts=3, + cache_dir="output/programs_smt2_proofwriter", + z3_path="z3", +) + +# Create evaluation pipeline with parallel workers +evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( + proof_of_thought=pot, + output_dir="output/evaluation_results_proofwriter", + num_workers=10, +) + +# Run evaluation on preprocessed dataset +result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset=processed_file, + question_field="question", + answer_field="answer", + id_field="id", + max_samples=100, + skip_existing=True, +) + +# Print results +print("\n" + "=" * 80) +print("PROOFWRITER BENCHMARK RESULTS (SMT2 Backend + Azure GPT-5)") +print("=" * 80) +print(f"Total Samples: {result.metrics.total_samples}") +print(f"Correct: {result.metrics.correct_answers}") +print(f"Wrong: {result.metrics.wrong_answers}") +print(f"Failed: {result.metrics.failed_answers}") +print() +print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") +print(f"Precision: {result.metrics.precision:.4f}") +print(f"Recall: {result.metrics.recall:.4f}") +print(f"F1 Score: {result.metrics.f1_score:.4f}") +print(f"Specificity: {result.metrics.specificity:.4f}") +print() +print(f"True Positives: {result.metrics.tp}") +print(f"True Negatives: {result.metrics.tn}") +print(f"False Positives: {result.metrics.fp}") +print(f"False Negatives: {result.metrics.fn}") +print("=" * 80) +print("\nNOTE: ProofWriter includes questions with varying proof depths (QDep).") +print(" 'Unknown' answers filtered out for binary classification.") +print(" Dataset: 174k total examples, ~93k with definite True/False answers.") diff --git a/examples/bench_strategyqa.py b/examples/bench_strategyqa.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d167a34 --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/bench_strategyqa.py @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +"""Benchmark: StrategyQA with SMT2 backend and Azure OpenAI. + +StrategyQA is a question answering benchmark that focuses on open-domain +questions where the required reasoning steps are implicit in the question +and should be inferred using a strategy. +""" + +import logging +import sys +from pathlib import Path + +# Add parent directory to path for z3dsl imports +sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) + +from azure_config import get_client_config + +from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought + +# Configure logging +logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") + +# Get Azure OpenAI configuration +config = get_client_config() + +# Create ProofOfThought instance with SMT2 backend +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2", + max_attempts=3, + cache_dir="output/programs_smt2_strategyqa", + z3_path="z3", +) + +# Create evaluation pipeline with parallel workers +evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( + proof_of_thought=pot, + output_dir="output/evaluation_results_strategyqa", + num_workers=10, +) + +# Run evaluation +result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset="examples/strategyQA_train.json", + question_field="question", + answer_field="answer", + id_field="qid", + max_samples=100, + skip_existing=True, +) + +# Print results +print("\n" + "=" * 80) +print("STRATEGYQA BENCHMARK RESULTS (SMT2 Backend + Azure GPT-5)") +print("=" * 80) +print(f"Total Samples: {result.metrics.total_samples}") +print(f"Correct: {result.metrics.correct_answers}") +print(f"Wrong: {result.metrics.wrong_answers}") +print(f"Failed: {result.metrics.failed_answers}") +print() +print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") +print(f"Precision: {result.metrics.precision:.4f}") +print(f"Recall: {result.metrics.recall:.4f}") +print(f"F1 Score: {result.metrics.f1_score:.4f}") +print(f"Specificity: {result.metrics.specificity:.4f}") +print() +print(f"True Positives: {result.metrics.tp}") +print(f"True Negatives: {result.metrics.tn}") +print(f"False Positives: {result.metrics.fp}") +print(f"False Negatives: {result.metrics.fn}") +print("=" * 80) diff --git a/examples/proofwriter_test.parquet b/examples/proofwriter_test.parquet new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..08d87237553a13e1446b893ea711dc987f84645c GIT binary patch literal 8682893 zcmb5Wd3+O9zc7AIn*%v*W|En9(oWh5O=v&-okXoC1)U=;`SC*WFmu4b^AG{KniPAFP?`dh=R`Tbtg{O$m5aLTj0jE z`0o)OzhA{++)oN?6@O7h7-?0-gIzc*x^$jGw?AS;I-kG5gO8~BNbB}{DptV-pQ1zt zBb}-is1-8Oxr=;7k?}~Q6qT)l3Dg2IF7Of37WxY-nvkYYfxlXh-$P2(myp)yF0%Pm zBRuC-$Q68xJOgXJY9V(>K zsD7IvF^3msJq9NlcTvT&Sm!M$@K+eHPAvccmt&2uh_vAy;t{RlRcxbhlY9i8bl1Q_ 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z?mKin=FVGgyzwS#&-`w6{AB)94f;p&4&mp6KOpU763Iyo?v39H?T4o2b?rwFzn2L& z-g&p@M@qrJJ3{-e`a5O(jFAJz-3PVZaVxdIhfEs@)=7U^ziM6(r^Z|FM5Dg9vQg|t zzcMG$=x)>>JQF|6uW<^KqKDv~7hgKl=j{OQ44v%jH#Xiw6^4$jsQtIcO&L3Y$Hyq! z{?-wN_B<$fyg2@>dbWY?8vTC+52x`qZ=dO|(>EHyPNRHm&hz@%k+G zkJf-j*k}BXqJA^KYZ|V5py@#@&$GYQ{J;ZWYkKg(nU7re@WcmaVX?lh-+&wX-q82j Yoqu}GHC_Mjngjo*_ceDmj_&vW0WDbT=>Px# literal 0 HcmV?d00001 diff --git a/examples/proofwriter_test_processed.json b/examples/proofwriter_test_processed.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..188c706 --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/proofwriter_test_processed.json @@ -0,0 +1,8002 @@ +[ + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1881", + "question": "Erin is red. Red things are nice. If Erin is nice then Erin is cold. If Erin is cold then Erin is big.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Erin is red. Red things are nice. If Erin is nice then Erin is cold. If Erin is cold then Erin is big.", + "original_question": "Erin is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-140", + "question": "Dave is nice. Fiona is quiet. If something is red and cold then it is quiet. If Fiona is quiet and Fiona is blue then Fiona is round. Nice, green things are red. If something is nice then it is not blue. If Dave is not blue then Dave is round. If Dave is red and Dave is not round then Dave is not quiet.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Dave is nice. Fiona is quiet. If something is red and cold then it is quiet. If Fiona is quiet and Fiona is blue then Fiona is round. Nice, green things are red. If something is nice then it is not blue. If Dave is not blue then Dave is round. If Dave is red and Dave is not round then Dave is not quiet.", + "original_question": "Dave is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-438", + "question": "Charlie is round. All blue, smart things are red. Blue, rough things are round. If something is green then it is red. If Charlie is rough then Charlie is green. All round things are smart. All smart, red things are blue. If something is blue and round then it is smart. All smart things are rough.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Charlie is round. All blue, smart things are red. Blue, rough things are round. If something is green then it is red. If Charlie is rough then Charlie is green. All round things are smart. All smart, red things are blue. If something is blue and round then it is smart. All smart things are rough.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1686", + "question": "Bob is cold. Erin is rough. Fiona is kind. If someone is blue then they are round. If someone is nice then they are blue. All rough people are nice. All rough, blue people are cold. If Fiona is not round then Fiona is cold. If someone is cold and rough then they are kind.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Erin is rough. Fiona is kind. If someone is blue then they are round. If someone is nice then they are blue. All rough people are nice. All rough, blue people are cold. If Fiona is not round then Fiona is cold. If someone is cold and rough then they are kind.", + "original_question": "Erin is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-867", + "question": "Bob is white. Charlie is smart. Fiona is cold. Harry is smart. If someone is smart then they are young. All white, rough people are quiet. All smart people are quiet. If someone is smart and white then they are young. All young people are quiet. All cold, quiet people are nice. Cold people are smart. All white people are young.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is white. Charlie is smart. Fiona is cold. Harry is smart. If someone is smart then they are young. All white, rough people are quiet. All smart people are quiet. If someone is smart and white then they are young. All young people are quiet. All cold, quiet people are nice. Cold people are smart. All white people are young.", + "original_question": "Fiona is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-1249", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is quiet. Anne is white. Bob is blue. Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Bob is young. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Fiona is blue. Fiona is kind. Fiona is nice. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is young. If something is kind then it is red. Red, nice things are white. If something is blue and white then it is red. If something is quiet and red then it is nice. Blue things are white. All red things are young. If Fiona is quiet and Fiona is nice then Fiona is kind. If something is young and white then it is kind.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is quiet. Anne is white. Bob is blue. Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Bob is young. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Fiona is blue. Fiona is kind. Fiona is nice. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is young. If something is kind then it is red. Red, nice things are white. If something is blue and white then it is red. If something is quiet and red then it is nice. Blue things are white. All red things are young. If Fiona is quiet and Fiona is nice then Fiona is kind. If something is young and white then it is kind.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-510", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle eats the lion. The cat does not chase the rabbit. The cat is not big. The cat does not like the lion. The lion is cold. The lion is round. The rabbit chases the lion. The rabbit does not eat the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the lion. The rabbit is red. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. If someone is cold then they do not chase the bald eagle. If the lion chases the cat and the cat eats the rabbit then the cat is not red. If someone is round and they do not chase the bald eagle then they do not like the lion.\n\nQuestion: The lion chases the bald eagle.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle eats the lion. The cat does not chase the rabbit. The cat is not big. The cat does not like the lion. The lion is cold. The lion is round. The rabbit chases the lion. The rabbit does not eat the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the lion. The rabbit is red. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. If someone is cold then they do not chase the bald eagle. If the lion chases the cat and the cat eats the rabbit then the cat is not red. If someone is round and they do not chase the bald eagle then they do not like the lion.", + "original_question": "The lion chases the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2622", + "question": "The cat is nice. The cat sees the dog. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog eats the rabbit. The dog is round. The dog sees the lion. The dog sees the rabbit. The lion chases the cat. The lion chases the dog. The lion eats the cat. The lion eats the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cat. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the dog. The rabbit sees the cat. If something eats the lion then the lion chases the rabbit. If something chases the dog and it eats the cat then it eats the dog. If something is kind then it is round.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit does not eat the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat is nice. The cat sees the dog. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog eats the rabbit. The dog is round. The dog sees the lion. The dog sees the rabbit. The lion chases the cat. The lion chases the dog. The lion eats the cat. The lion eats the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cat. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the dog. The rabbit sees the cat. If something eats the lion then the lion chases the rabbit. If something chases the dog and it eats the cat then it eats the dog. If something is kind then it is round.", + "original_question": "The rabbit does not eat the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-5925", + "question": "Charlie is smart. Gary is red. Cold, rough things are nice. If something is smart then it is big.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is smart. Gary is red. Cold, rough things are nice. If something is smart then it is big.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-150", + "question": "Dave is smart. Erin is furry. Erin is nice. Gary is nice. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is smart. Big things are furry. If something is blue then it is big. Red things are blue.\n\nQuestion: Harry is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is smart. Erin is furry. Erin is nice. Gary is nice. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is smart. Big things are furry. If something is blue then it is big. Red things are blue.", + "original_question": "Harry is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-624", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is nice. Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Fiona is cold. Gary is not cold. If someone is nice and cold then they are smart. If someone is nice and big then they are cold. Furry people are round.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is nice. Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Fiona is cold. Gary is not cold. If someone is nice and cold then they are smart. If someone is nice and big then they are cold. Furry people are round.", + "original_question": "Anne is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1753", + "question": "The bear eats the cat. The bear sees the cat. The cat eats the bear. The cat is red. The cat sees the rabbit. The rabbit eats the squirrel. The rabbit sees the squirrel. The squirrel eats the bear. The squirrel eats the cat. The squirrel visits the rabbit. If something sees the cat then the cat visits the squirrel. If something eats the squirrel and the squirrel is green then the squirrel does not visit the cat. If something is nice and it eats the squirrel then the squirrel visits the cat. If something is red and it visits the squirrel then it eats the cat. If the rabbit is not green and the rabbit does not see the bear then the rabbit visits the squirrel. If something visits the bear then the bear eats the rabbit. If the squirrel does not eat the rabbit then the rabbit visits the cat. If something visits the cat and it sees the squirrel then the cat does not eat the bear.\n\nQuestion: The cat visits the squirrel.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bear eats the cat. The bear sees the cat. The cat eats the bear. The cat is red. The cat sees the rabbit. The rabbit eats the squirrel. The rabbit sees the squirrel. The squirrel eats the bear. The squirrel eats the cat. The squirrel visits the rabbit. If something sees the cat then the cat visits the squirrel. If something eats the squirrel and the squirrel is green then the squirrel does not visit the cat. If something is nice and it eats the squirrel then the squirrel visits the cat. If something is red and it visits the squirrel then it eats the cat. If the rabbit is not green and the rabbit does not see the bear then the rabbit visits the squirrel. If something visits the bear then the bear eats the rabbit. If the squirrel does not eat the rabbit then the rabbit visits the cat. If something visits the cat and it sees the squirrel then the cat does not eat the bear.", + "original_question": "The cat visits the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-150", + "question": "Dave is smart. Erin is furry. Erin is nice. Gary is nice. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is smart. Big things are furry. If something is blue then it is big. Red things are blue.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is smart. Erin is furry. Erin is nice. Gary is nice. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is smart. Big things are furry. If something is blue then it is big. Red things are blue.", + "original_question": "Harry is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-392", + "question": "The bald eagle likes the mouse. The mouse likes the bald eagle. The rabbit likes the mouse. The tiger chases the mouse. The tiger chases the rabbit. The tiger is big. The tiger sees the bald eagle. If the rabbit likes the tiger and the tiger sees the bald eagle then the rabbit is rough. If someone sees the rabbit then the rabbit likes the tiger. If someone likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle likes the rabbit then the rabbit is big. If someone likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle is rough. If the mouse chases the rabbit then the rabbit chases the tiger. If the rabbit sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle chases the rabbit. If someone is young and they chase the mouse then they see the mouse. If someone likes the mouse and they are rough then they see the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit does not like the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle likes the mouse. The mouse likes the bald eagle. The rabbit likes the mouse. The tiger chases the mouse. The tiger chases the rabbit. The tiger is big. The tiger sees the bald eagle. If the rabbit likes the tiger and the tiger sees the bald eagle then the rabbit is rough. If someone sees the rabbit then the rabbit likes the tiger. If someone likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle likes the rabbit then the rabbit is big. If someone likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle is rough. If the mouse chases the rabbit then the rabbit chases the tiger. If the rabbit sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle chases the rabbit. If someone is young and they chase the mouse then they see the mouse. If someone likes the mouse and they are rough then they see the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The rabbit does not like the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-649", + "question": "Anne is big. Charlie is not blue. Dave is kind. Erin is not big. If someone is red then they are not young. If someone is nice then they are blue. If someone is kind and not round then they are blue. Big, blue people are red. All big people are red. Kind people are big.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Charlie is not blue. Dave is kind. Erin is not big. If someone is red then they are not young. If someone is nice then they are blue. If someone is kind and not round then they are blue. Big, blue people are red. All big people are red. Kind people are big.", + "original_question": "Anne is not big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-2748", + "question": "The dog does not chase the rabbit. The dog is not cold. The dog does not like the rabbit. The dog sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the dog. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit is not young. The rabbit does not like the dog. The rabbit does not see the dog. If something sees the rabbit then it chases the dog. If something sees the dog then the dog is red. If the rabbit sees the dog and the rabbit is cold then the dog chases the rabbit. If something is red and it does not see the rabbit then the rabbit is not red. If the rabbit sees the dog then the rabbit does not chase the dog. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit sees the dog then the rabbit is cold.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not chase the dog.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The dog does not chase the rabbit. The dog is not cold. The dog does not like the rabbit. The dog sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the dog. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit is not young. The rabbit does not like the dog. The rabbit does not see the dog. If something sees the rabbit then it chases the dog. If something sees the dog then the dog is red. If the rabbit sees the dog and the rabbit is cold then the dog chases the rabbit. If something is red and it does not see the rabbit then the rabbit is not red. If the rabbit sees the dog then the rabbit does not chase the dog. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit sees the dog then the rabbit is cold.", + "original_question": "The dog does not chase the dog." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-349", + "question": "Bob may be round, but he is also kind. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Charlie. Dave is a round and rough around the edges, and he is also big. Gary is nice and kind even though people make fun of his red and green skin. Gary always feels cold. A kind person who is down in the dumps and blue tends to have a rough side. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. A red hued and rough looking person is definitely a young person. Anyone who is both red and green must be as cold as Christmas. Watch out for young people that are kind for they are rough. Nice and green people are often found to be big as well. A person who inherits genes that make them big and green will also express a blue color.\n\nQuestion: Gary is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "Bob may be round, but he is also kind. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Charlie. Dave is a round and rough around the edges, and he is also big. Gary is nice and kind even though people make fun of his red and green skin. Gary always feels cold. A kind person who is down in the dumps and blue tends to have a rough side. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. A red hued and rough looking person is definitely a young person. Anyone who is both red and green must be as cold as Christmas. Watch out for young people that are kind for they are rough. Nice and green people are often found to be big as well. A person who inherits genes that make them big and green will also express a blue color.", + "original_question": "Gary is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-924", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is red. Bob is big. Bob is kind. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. If Anne is kind then Anne is red. Red, smart people are white. If Bob is white then Bob is kind. If someone is big and red then they are kind. All white, round people are smart. All kind people are round. All round, blue people are white. Big people are blue.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is red. Bob is big. Bob is kind. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. If Anne is kind then Anne is red. Red, smart people are white. If Bob is white then Bob is kind. If someone is big and red then they are kind. All white, round people are smart. All kind people are round. All round, blue people are white. Big people are blue.", + "original_question": "Anne is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1202", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the mouse. The bald eagle sees the mouse. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The bald eagle visits the mouse. The mouse eats the bald eagle. The mouse eats the rabbit. The mouse sees the bald eagle. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is young. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the mouse. The rabbit visits the bald eagle. If something visits the rabbit then it is young. If something sees the mouse then the mouse visits the bald eagle. Big things are cold. If something sees the rabbit then it visits the rabbit. Young things are cold. If something sees the mouse and it visits the mouse then the mouse eats the rabbit. If something sees the mouse then the mouse is big. If something visits the mouse and the mouse is rough then it eats the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not eat the bald eagle.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the mouse. The bald eagle sees the mouse. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The bald eagle visits the mouse. The mouse eats the bald eagle. The mouse eats the rabbit. The mouse sees the bald eagle. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is young. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the mouse. The rabbit visits the bald eagle. If something visits the rabbit then it is young. If something sees the mouse then the mouse visits the bald eagle. Big things are cold. If something sees the rabbit then it visits the rabbit. Young things are cold. If something sees the mouse and it visits the mouse then the mouse eats the rabbit. If something sees the mouse then the mouse is big. If something visits the mouse and the mouse is rough then it eats the mouse.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not eat the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-273", + "question": "Bob is red. Bob is rough. Charlie is smart. All big things are blue. If Charlie is big then Charlie is rough. If Bob is kind and Bob is big then Bob is young. If Bob is young then Bob is big. All blue things are young. If something is red then it is blue. All smart things are kind. If Charlie is smart then Charlie is kind.\n\nQuestion: Bob is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is red. Bob is rough. Charlie is smart. All big things are blue. If Charlie is big then Charlie is rough. If Bob is kind and Bob is big then Bob is young. If Bob is young then Bob is big. All blue things are young. If something is red then it is blue. All smart things are kind. If Charlie is smart then Charlie is kind.", + "original_question": "Bob is rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-808", + "question": "The cat is young. The cow is young. The cow visits the mouse. The mouse eats the cat. The mouse needs the cat. The mouse needs the rabbit. The mouse does not visit the cow. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is round. The rabbit does not need the cat. The rabbit visits the mouse. If someone eats the cat and they eat the cow then they do not need the mouse. If someone visits the cat then the cat eats the cow. All nice people are red. If the mouse needs the rabbit and the mouse eats the cat then the mouse eats the cow. If someone is red and they visit the mouse then the mouse needs the cow. If someone needs the cow then the cow visits the cat. All round people are nice. If someone needs the cat and the cat visits the rabbit then they do not eat the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not eat the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "The cat is young. The cow is young. The cow visits the mouse. The mouse eats the cat. The mouse needs the cat. The mouse needs the rabbit. The mouse does not visit the cow. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is round. The rabbit does not need the cat. The rabbit visits the mouse. If someone eats the cat and they eat the cow then they do not need the mouse. If someone visits the cat then the cat eats the cow. All nice people are red. If the mouse needs the rabbit and the mouse eats the cat then the mouse eats the cow. If someone is red and they visit the mouse then the mouse needs the cow. If someone needs the cow then the cow visits the cat. All round people are nice. If someone needs the cat and the cat visits the rabbit then they do not eat the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The cat does not eat the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-627", + "question": "Anne is furry. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Dave is round. Fiona is cold. Fiona is red. Gary is rough. All round, furry people are red. All nice, red people are furry. All red people are round. If someone is furry and cold then they are rough. Round people are furry. All furry people are red. If Dave is nice and Dave is furry then Dave is green. If Anne is red then Anne is nice.\n\nQuestion: Anne is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Dave is round. Fiona is cold. Fiona is red. Gary is rough. All round, furry people are red. All nice, red people are furry. All red people are round. If someone is furry and cold then they are rough. Round people are furry. All furry people are red. If Dave is nice and Dave is furry then Dave is green. If Anne is red then Anne is nice.", + "original_question": "Anne is furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-2348", + "question": "Dave is cold. If something is cold then it is quiet. All quiet things are green. If Dave is cold and Dave is kind then Dave is furry. If Dave is kind and Dave is cold then Dave is big. If something is cold and green then it is blue. If something is kind then it is big.\n\nQuestion: Dave is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is cold. If something is cold then it is quiet. All quiet things are green. If Dave is cold and Dave is kind then Dave is furry. If Dave is kind and Dave is cold then Dave is big. If something is cold and green then it is blue. If something is kind then it is big.", + "original_question": "Dave is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1525", + "question": "The bear is cold. The dog does not chase the lion. The lion is not blue. The lion likes the squirrel. The squirrel eats the lion. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel does not like the bear. If the squirrel is cold then the squirrel chases the bear. If something chases the bear then the bear eats the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The bear does not eat the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bear is cold. The dog does not chase the lion. The lion is not blue. The lion likes the squirrel. The squirrel eats the lion. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel does not like the bear. If the squirrel is cold then the squirrel chases the bear. If something chases the bear then the bear eats the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The bear does not eat the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-384", + "question": "The bear chases the cat. The bear visits the tiger. The cat chases the dog. The cat is not young. The dog does not chase the bear. The dog eats the bear. The tiger visits the cat. If something chases the cat then the cat is not kind. If something visits the tiger then the tiger chases the cat. If the cat eats the dog and the dog chases the tiger then the tiger eats the bear. If something chases the cat then it is kind. If something visits the tiger and it does not eat the tiger then the tiger visits the bear. If something is kind then it visits the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The tiger visits the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the cat. The bear visits the tiger. The cat chases the dog. The cat is not young. The dog does not chase the bear. The dog eats the bear. The tiger visits the cat. If something chases the cat then the cat is not kind. If something visits the tiger then the tiger chases the cat. If the cat eats the dog and the dog chases the tiger then the tiger eats the bear. If something chases the cat then it is kind. If something visits the tiger and it does not eat the tiger then the tiger visits the bear. If something is kind then it visits the tiger.", + "original_question": "The tiger visits the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-63", + "question": "The battery is flat. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the bell. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The switch is on.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The battery is flat. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the bell. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The switch is on." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-1998", + "question": "The cow is not round. The cow needs the lion. The cow needs the squirrel. The cow does not see the lion. The cow does not see the squirrel. The lion is not red. The lion needs the squirrel. The lion sees the cow. The lion does not see the squirrel. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel is not red. The squirrel likes the cow. The squirrel does not like the lion. The squirrel needs the cow. The squirrel sees the cow. If someone is blue then they do not see the squirrel. If someone is round and not blue then they see the squirrel. If someone is blue then they do not like the lion. If someone is blue then they like the lion. If someone sees the lion then the lion does not see the cow. If the lion is round and the lion needs the cow then the cow is nice.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel likes the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow is not round. The cow needs the lion. The cow needs the squirrel. The cow does not see the lion. The cow does not see the squirrel. The lion is not red. The lion needs the squirrel. The lion sees the cow. The lion does not see the squirrel. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel is not red. The squirrel likes the cow. The squirrel does not like the lion. The squirrel needs the cow. The squirrel sees the cow. If someone is blue then they do not see the squirrel. If someone is round and not blue then they see the squirrel. If someone is blue then they do not like the lion. If someone is blue then they like the lion. If someone sees the lion then the lion does not see the cow. If the lion is round and the lion needs the cow then the cow is nice.", + "original_question": "The squirrel likes the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-476", + "question": "Anne is not nice. Anne is rough. Anne is smart. Bob is rough. Gary is nice. Gary is quiet. Harry is rough. If Gary is big then Gary is cold. All nice people are big. If Gary is big then Gary is quiet. If someone is green then they are smart. If Anne is quiet and Anne is not green then Anne is big. If someone is nice and not quiet then they are not rough. If someone is quiet and not big then they are not rough. Cold people are rough.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is not nice. Anne is rough. Anne is smart. Bob is rough. Gary is nice. Gary is quiet. Harry is rough. If Gary is big then Gary is cold. All nice people are big. If Gary is big then Gary is quiet. If someone is green then they are smart. If Anne is quiet and Anne is not green then Anne is big. If someone is nice and not quiet then they are not rough. If someone is quiet and not big then they are not rough. Cold people are rough.", + "original_question": "Gary is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1963", + "question": "Bob is smart. Erin is cold. Erin is young. If Bob is white and Bob is cold then Bob is kind. Furry things are cold. All furry things are white. All cold, smart things are rough. Young things are smart. If Bob is white then Bob is young.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is smart. Erin is cold. Erin is young. If Bob is white and Bob is cold then Bob is kind. Furry things are cold. All furry things are white. All cold, smart things are rough. Young things are smart. If Bob is white then Bob is young.", + "original_question": "Erin is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-323", + "question": "The bear sees the rabbit. The cow likes the rabbit. The cow needs the rabbit. The cow sees the rabbit. The dog is green. The dog is red. The dog likes the cow. The dog likes the rabbit. The dog needs the bear. The dog sees the cow. The dog sees the rabbit. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit needs the bear. The rabbit needs the cow. The rabbit sees the dog. If the bear is cold then the bear is red. If someone likes the rabbit and they are red then the rabbit likes the dog. If someone sees the dog and they need the bear then they are red. Green people are red. If someone is red then they need the cow. If someone sees the cow and they need the cow then they like the bear. All cold, kind people are green. If someone sees the bear and the bear is cold then the bear needs the rabbit. If someone sees the dog and the dog likes the bear then the bear is cold.\n\nQuestion: The bear is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear sees the rabbit. The cow likes the rabbit. The cow needs the rabbit. The cow sees the rabbit. The dog is green. The dog is red. The dog likes the cow. The dog likes the rabbit. The dog needs the bear. The dog sees the cow. The dog sees the rabbit. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit needs the bear. The rabbit needs the cow. The rabbit sees the dog. If the bear is cold then the bear is red. If someone likes the rabbit and they are red then the rabbit likes the dog. If someone sees the dog and they need the bear then they are red. Green people are red. If someone is red then they need the cow. If someone sees the cow and they need the cow then they like the bear. All cold, kind people are green. If someone sees the bear and the bear is cold then the bear needs the rabbit. If someone sees the dog and the dog likes the bear then the bear is cold.", + "original_question": "The bear is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-663", + "question": "Anne is red. Charlie is young. All red, young people are smart. If someone is young then they are cold. If Anne is red then Anne is cold. All red people are young. Young, cold people are quiet. All cold, young people are red.\n\nQuestion: Anne is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is red. Charlie is young. All red, young people are smart. If someone is young then they are cold. If Anne is red then Anne is cold. All red people are young. Young, cold people are quiet. All cold, young people are red.", + "original_question": "Anne is red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-566", + "question": "The cat likes the squirrel. The squirrel is blue. If something visits the cat and the cat likes the squirrel then the squirrel is kind. If something visits the cat then the cat visits the squirrel. If something likes the cat and the cat is round then the cat visits the squirrel. If something sees the cat then it visits the cat. If something is kind and it visits the cat then the cat likes the squirrel. If something likes the squirrel then it sees the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cat likes the squirrel.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat likes the squirrel. The squirrel is blue. If something visits the cat and the cat likes the squirrel then the squirrel is kind. If something visits the cat then the cat visits the squirrel. If something likes the cat and the cat is round then the cat visits the squirrel. If something sees the cat then it visits the cat. If something is kind and it visits the cat then the cat likes the squirrel. If something likes the squirrel then it sees the cat.", + "original_question": "The cat likes the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-3926", + "question": "Bob is not big. Bob is furry. Bob is green. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is not white. Dave is big. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is rough. Dave is not round. Dave is not smart. Dave is white. Smart, white things are big. If Dave is white then Dave is big. If something is white and not big then it is round. Big, white things are not round. If something is big and smart then it is round. If something is white then it is furry. If something is round and rough then it is furry. If Dave is round and Dave is green then Dave is furry.\n\nQuestion: Bob is white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is not big. Bob is furry. Bob is green. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is not white. Dave is big. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is rough. Dave is not round. Dave is not smart. Dave is white. Smart, white things are big. If Dave is white then Dave is big. If something is white and not big then it is round. Big, white things are not round. If something is big and smart then it is round. If something is white then it is furry. If something is round and rough then it is furry. If Dave is round and Dave is green then Dave is furry.", + "original_question": "Bob is white." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-50", + "question": "The circuit includes the switch. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The circuit includes the light bulb.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The circuit includes the switch. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The circuit includes the light bulb." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-1455", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the bear. The bald eagle eats the tiger. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle likes the bear. The bald eagle needs the tiger. The bear eats the cow. The bear eats the tiger. The bear is cold. The cow needs the tiger. The tiger needs the bald eagle. Rough people are kind. If someone likes the bear and they need the tiger then the bear likes the bald eagle. If someone is cold and they need the bear then they need the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle needs the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the bear. The bald eagle eats the tiger. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle likes the bear. The bald eagle needs the tiger. The bear eats the cow. The bear eats the tiger. The bear is cold. The cow needs the tiger. The tiger needs the bald eagle. Rough people are kind. If someone likes the bear and they need the tiger then the bear likes the bald eagle. If someone is cold and they need the bear then they need the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle needs the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-265", + "question": "The dog is nice. If something is round and not nice then it is green. If something is kind and big then it is green. All big, kind things are green. All green things are kind. If something is green and kind then it is big. If the dog is green then the dog is kind. If the dog is nice then the dog is green. All nice, kind things are round.\n\nQuestion: The dog is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The dog is nice. If something is round and not nice then it is green. If something is kind and big then it is green. All big, kind things are green. All green things are kind. If something is green and kind then it is big. If the dog is green then the dog is kind. If the dog is nice then the dog is green. All nice, kind things are round.", + "original_question": "The dog is kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-656", + "question": "Anne is smart. Charlie is not blue. Charlie is quiet. Erin is not nice. Erin is round. Harry is green. Harry is young. Smart things are green. If Anne is round then Anne is young. If something is blue and green then it is not quiet. If something is green and smart then it is round. If something is young then it is blue. Smart things are nice. If Harry is quiet and Harry is not smart then Harry is young.\n\nQuestion: Harry is quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is smart. Charlie is not blue. Charlie is quiet. Erin is not nice. Erin is round. Harry is green. Harry is young. Smart things are green. If Anne is round then Anne is young. If something is blue and green then it is not quiet. If something is green and smart then it is round. If something is young then it is blue. Smart things are nice. If Harry is quiet and Harry is not smart then Harry is young.", + "original_question": "Harry is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-61", + "question": "The bear sees the mouse. The bear does not see the tiger. The bear visits the squirrel. The bear visits the tiger. The mouse does not eat the tiger. The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse visits the squirrel. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel visits the bear. The squirrel visits the mouse. The tiger eats the mouse. The tiger is big. The tiger sees the bear. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger does not visit the mouse. If something eats the squirrel then the squirrel is not green. If something sees the bear and the bear sees the mouse then it visits the tiger. If something sees the squirrel then it is not rough. If something is round and big then it sees the bear. If something visits the tiger then it sees the squirrel. If something visits the squirrel and it visits the tiger then the squirrel eats the mouse. If something visits the bear and it eats the mouse then the mouse sees the bear. If something eats the mouse and the mouse is not round then it is not cold.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not visit the tiger.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear sees the mouse. The bear does not see the tiger. The bear visits the squirrel. The bear visits the tiger. The mouse does not eat the tiger. The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse visits the squirrel. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel visits the bear. The squirrel visits the mouse. The tiger eats the mouse. The tiger is big. The tiger sees the bear. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger does not visit the mouse. If something eats the squirrel then the squirrel is not green. If something sees the bear and the bear sees the mouse then it visits the tiger. If something sees the squirrel then it is not rough. If something is round and big then it sees the bear. If something visits the tiger then it sees the squirrel. If something visits the squirrel and it visits the tiger then the squirrel eats the mouse. If something visits the bear and it eats the mouse then the mouse sees the bear. If something eats the mouse and the mouse is not round then it is not cold.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not visit the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1522", + "question": "Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Erin is red. If someone is furry then they are round. If Bob is nice and Bob is big then Bob is smart. All red people are furry. If someone is furry and big then they are round. If someone is red and round then they are nice. All big, cold people are red. All furry people are red. All big people are cold.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Erin is red. If someone is furry then they are round. If Bob is nice and Bob is big then Bob is smart. All red people are furry. If someone is furry and big then they are round. If someone is red and round then they are nice. All big, cold people are red. All furry people are red. All big people are cold.", + "original_question": "Erin is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-1976", + "question": "The cat sees the squirrel. The squirrel sees the cat. If someone visits the cat and the cat is young then they eat the squirrel. If someone eats the squirrel and the squirrel sees the cat then the squirrel is round. If someone sees the cat and the cat sees the squirrel then they eat the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel eats the squirrel.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat sees the squirrel. The squirrel sees the cat. If someone visits the cat and the cat is young then they eat the squirrel. If someone eats the squirrel and the squirrel sees the cat then the squirrel is round. If someone sees the cat and the cat sees the squirrel then they eat the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The squirrel eats the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-458", + "question": "The bald eagle sees the cow. The bald eagle does not see the tiger. The bald eagle does not visit the tiger. The cat is not rough. The cow does not visit the bald eagle. The tiger is blue. The tiger is rough. The tiger needs the bald eagle. The tiger needs the cat. The tiger sees the bald eagle. The tiger visits the cat. The tiger visits the cow. If something visits the tiger and the tiger visits the bald eagle then the tiger does not visit the cow. If something needs the tiger and the tiger sees the cat then the tiger sees the bald eagle. If something is blue then it sees the tiger. If something needs the cat then it is nice. If something is nice then it needs the cow. If something needs the bald eagle then it visits the bald eagle. If something needs the cow then the cow needs the cat.\n\nQuestion: The tiger visits the bald eagle.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle sees the cow. The bald eagle does not see the tiger. The bald eagle does not visit the tiger. The cat is not rough. The cow does not visit the bald eagle. The tiger is blue. The tiger is rough. The tiger needs the bald eagle. The tiger needs the cat. The tiger sees the bald eagle. The tiger visits the cat. The tiger visits the cow. If something visits the tiger and the tiger visits the bald eagle then the tiger does not visit the cow. If something needs the tiger and the tiger sees the cat then the tiger sees the bald eagle. If something is blue then it sees the tiger. If something needs the cat then it is nice. If something is nice then it needs the cow. If something needs the bald eagle then it visits the bald eagle. If something needs the cow then the cow needs the cat.", + "original_question": "The tiger visits the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1240", + "question": "Dave is furry. Gary is cold. Gary is furry. Gary is rough. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Gary is young. If Gary is furry and Gary is round then Gary is young. Furry things are white. All smart things are cold. If something is smart and white then it is cold. If something is white then it is smart. If something is white and smart then it is cold. Round, rough things are white. Young, cold things are furry.\n\nQuestion: Dave is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is furry. Gary is cold. Gary is furry. Gary is rough. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Gary is young. If Gary is furry and Gary is round then Gary is young. Furry things are white. All smart things are cold. If something is smart and white then it is cold. If something is white then it is smart. If something is white and smart then it is cold. Round, rough things are white. Young, cold things are furry.", + "original_question": "Dave is white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-554", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bear chases the lion. The bear does not eat the bald eagle. The bear eats the lion. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow chases the lion. The cow likes the bald eagle. The lion is rough. The lion likes the bald eagle. If something is rough then it eats the cow. If something likes the cow then it eats the cow. If something likes the cow then it likes the lion. If something is cold then it likes the lion. If the bear is cold and the bear eats the lion then the bear chases the cow. If something is round and not big then it does not eat the bald eagle. If the bald eagle likes the bear and the bear chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle chases the bear. If something is rough and it chases the cow then the cow is rough. If something eats the cow then it chases the cow.\n\nQuestion: The lion chases the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bear chases the lion. The bear does not eat the bald eagle. The bear eats the lion. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow chases the lion. The cow likes the bald eagle. The lion is rough. The lion likes the bald eagle. If something is rough then it eats the cow. If something likes the cow then it eats the cow. If something likes the cow then it likes the lion. If something is cold then it likes the lion. If the bear is cold and the bear eats the lion then the bear chases the cow. If something is round and not big then it does not eat the bald eagle. If the bald eagle likes the bear and the bear chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle chases the bear. If something is rough and it chases the cow then the cow is rough. If something eats the cow then it chases the cow.", + "original_question": "The lion chases the cow." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-271", + "question": "The bear is cold. The dog does not like the bear. The dog likes the squirrel. The mouse is blue. The mouse is rough. The mouse likes the dog. The mouse does not need the bear. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel likes the dog. The squirrel likes the mouse. If someone likes the bear and they like the dog then they like the squirrel. If someone is blue then they chase the bear. If someone needs the squirrel and the squirrel is cold then they chase the bear. If the dog does not need the bear then the dog does not chase the squirrel. If someone likes the mouse and the mouse needs the dog then they chase the dog. If someone chases the dog then the dog needs the squirrel. If someone chases the bear and they do not need the bear then they need the dog. If someone likes the mouse and they are cold then they need the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The mouse is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is cold. The dog does not like the bear. The dog likes the squirrel. The mouse is blue. The mouse is rough. The mouse likes the dog. The mouse does not need the bear. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel likes the dog. The squirrel likes the mouse. If someone likes the bear and they like the dog then they like the squirrel. If someone is blue then they chase the bear. If someone needs the squirrel and the squirrel is cold then they chase the bear. If the dog does not need the bear then the dog does not chase the squirrel. If someone likes the mouse and the mouse needs the dog then they chase the dog. If someone chases the dog then the dog needs the squirrel. If someone chases the bear and they do not need the bear then they need the dog. If someone likes the mouse and they are cold then they need the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The mouse is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-6997", + "question": "Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is round. All kind people are round. If Dave is white and Dave is big then Dave is rough.\n\nQuestion: Dave is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is round. All kind people are round. If Dave is white and Dave is big then Dave is rough.", + "original_question": "Dave is rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-1298", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the mouse. The bear is rough. The mouse visits the bear. Red things are not rough. Rough, red things are not blue. If something chases the mouse then the mouse chases the bear. If something chases the mouse and the mouse is big then it visits the bear. If the bear likes the mouse and the bear is not red then the mouse chases the bald eagle. If something chases the bear then it is kind.\n\nQuestion: The bear is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the mouse. The bear is rough. The mouse visits the bear. Red things are not rough. Rough, red things are not blue. If something chases the mouse then the mouse chases the bear. If something chases the mouse and the mouse is big then it visits the bear. If the bear likes the mouse and the bear is not red then the mouse chases the bald eagle. If something chases the bear then it is kind.", + "original_question": "The bear is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1318", + "question": "Bob is cold. Charlie is quiet. Erin is quiet. Harry is big. All big, round things are green. Cold, red things are green. White, cold things are big. Cold things are big. If something is big then it is red. If something is red and not white then it is not round.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Charlie is quiet. Erin is quiet. Harry is big. All big, round things are green. Cold, red things are green. White, cold things are big. Cold things are big. If something is big then it is red. If something is red and not white then it is not round.", + "original_question": "Harry is not big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-1998", + "question": "The cow is not round. The cow needs the lion. The cow needs the squirrel. The cow does not see the lion. The cow does not see the squirrel. The lion is not red. The lion needs the squirrel. The lion sees the cow. The lion does not see the squirrel. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel is not red. The squirrel likes the cow. The squirrel does not like the lion. The squirrel needs the cow. The squirrel sees the cow. If someone is blue then they do not see the squirrel. If someone is round and not blue then they see the squirrel. If someone is blue then they do not like the lion. If someone is blue then they like the lion. If someone sees the lion then the lion does not see the cow. If the lion is round and the lion needs the cow then the cow is nice.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow is not round. The cow needs the lion. The cow needs the squirrel. The cow does not see the lion. The cow does not see the squirrel. The lion is not red. The lion needs the squirrel. The lion sees the cow. The lion does not see the squirrel. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel is not red. The squirrel likes the cow. The squirrel does not like the lion. The squirrel needs the cow. The squirrel sees the cow. If someone is blue then they do not see the squirrel. If someone is round and not blue then they see the squirrel. If someone is blue then they do not like the lion. If someone is blue then they like the lion. If someone sees the lion then the lion does not see the cow. If the lion is round and the lion needs the cow then the cow is nice.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-840", + "question": "Bob is not big. Bob is blue. Bob is green. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is not white. Gary is big. Gary is green. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is white. Red, rough people are round. Green people are round. All red, white people are round. If someone is blue and round then they are red. Round, white people are big. All round people are blue.\n\nQuestion: Bob is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is not big. Bob is blue. Bob is green. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is not white. Gary is big. Gary is green. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is white. Red, rough people are round. Green people are round. All red, white people are round. If someone is blue and round then they are red. Round, white people are big. All round people are blue.", + "original_question": "Bob is green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-64", + "question": "Anne is quiet. Anne is smart. Anne is white. Anne is not young. Bob is young. Erin is not young. Fiona is big. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is red. Fiona is smart. White people are quiet. If someone is young then they are big. Young, smart people are round. Smart, quiet people are round. All quiet, big people are red. If Anne is big and Anne is young then Anne is round. Big people are smart. All smart people are white.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "Anne is quiet. Anne is smart. Anne is white. Anne is not young. Bob is young. Erin is not young. Fiona is big. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is red. Fiona is smart. White people are quiet. If someone is young then they are big. Young, smart people are round. Smart, quiet people are round. All quiet, big people are red. If Anne is big and Anne is young then Anne is round. Big people are smart. All smart people are white.", + "original_question": "Bob is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-157", + "question": "You can tell me Alan is rough, and I know he is kind, cold, blue and very young. For being so cold, it's good Dave can remain nice. Fred may be round, but he is also kind. Round young people, red with loveliness, are very cold towards others. Nice people with blue and rough skin are very young and cannot be trusted with responsibility. Most young kind people tend to be red too. Someone that is cold rough and red is also considered to be kind. A young aged and big blue person will definitely be cold. I bet anyone who is round and kind is also pretty young. If a person acts cold yet nice and green, they will be kind.\n\nQuestion: Fred is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "You can tell me Alan is rough, and I know he is kind, cold, blue and very young. For being so cold, it's good Dave can remain nice. Fred may be round, but he is also kind. Round young people, red with loveliness, are very cold towards others. Nice people with blue and rough skin are very young and cannot be trusted with responsibility. Most young kind people tend to be red too. Someone that is cold rough and red is also considered to be kind. A young aged and big blue person will definitely be cold. I bet anyone who is round and kind is also pretty young. If a person acts cold yet nice and green, they will be kind.", + "original_question": "Fred is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-372", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is red. Fiona is big. Fiona is not round. Fiona is smart. Gary is furry. Gary is smart. If Anne is big and Anne is furry then Anne is blue. If someone is white then they are round. If Anne is blue then Anne is white. All red, big people are white. All white people are furry. If someone is furry then they are smart. If Gary is blue and Gary is not big then Gary is smart. If Fiona is red and Fiona is not furry then Fiona is smart.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is red. Fiona is big. Fiona is not round. Fiona is smart. Gary is furry. Gary is smart. If Anne is big and Anne is furry then Anne is blue. If someone is white then they are round. If Anne is blue then Anne is white. All red, big people are white. All white people are furry. If someone is furry then they are smart. If Gary is blue and Gary is not big then Gary is smart. If Fiona is red and Fiona is not furry then Fiona is smart.", + "original_question": "Gary is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1202", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the mouse. The bald eagle sees the mouse. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The bald eagle visits the mouse. The mouse eats the bald eagle. The mouse eats the rabbit. The mouse sees the bald eagle. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is young. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the mouse. The rabbit visits the bald eagle. If something visits the rabbit then it is young. If something sees the mouse then the mouse visits the bald eagle. Big things are cold. If something sees the rabbit then it visits the rabbit. Young things are cold. If something sees the mouse and it visits the mouse then the mouse eats the rabbit. If something sees the mouse then the mouse is big. If something visits the mouse and the mouse is rough then it eats the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The mouse eats the bald eagle.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the mouse. The bald eagle sees the mouse. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The bald eagle visits the mouse. The mouse eats the bald eagle. The mouse eats the rabbit. The mouse sees the bald eagle. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is young. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the mouse. The rabbit visits the bald eagle. If something visits the rabbit then it is young. If something sees the mouse then the mouse visits the bald eagle. Big things are cold. If something sees the rabbit then it visits the rabbit. Young things are cold. If something sees the mouse and it visits the mouse then the mouse eats the rabbit. If something sees the mouse then the mouse is big. If something visits the mouse and the mouse is rough then it eats the mouse.", + "original_question": "The mouse eats the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-424", + "question": "The bald eagle is rough. The cow chases the bald eagle. If something likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something likes the cow and it is blue then it chases the bald eagle. If something eats the cow then it likes the bald eagle. If something is cold then it chases the bald eagle. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the cow.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not like the bald eagle.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is rough. The cow chases the bald eagle. If something likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something likes the cow and it is blue then it chases the bald eagle. If something eats the cow then it likes the bald eagle. If something is cold then it chases the bald eagle. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the cow.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not like the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-864", + "question": "Bob is cold. Bob is green. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Erin is kind. Erin is quiet. Gary is cold. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is red. Harry is cold. Harry is red. All cold things are kind. If something is kind then it is green.\n\nQuestion: Gary is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Bob is green. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Erin is kind. Erin is quiet. Gary is cold. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is red. Harry is cold. Harry is red. All cold things are kind. If something is kind then it is green.", + "original_question": "Gary is kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-1684", + "question": "The cow chases the rabbit. The cow eats the dog. The cow is red. The cow is round. The dog chases the cow. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog eats the mouse. The dog is kind. The mouse eats the cow. The rabbit does not chase the cow. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit is kind. If someone chases the cow then the cow eats the mouse. If the dog does not visit the cow then the dog is not round. If someone chases the cow then they chase the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The cow eats the dog.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow chases the rabbit. The cow eats the dog. The cow is red. The cow is round. The dog chases the cow. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog eats the mouse. The dog is kind. The mouse eats the cow. The rabbit does not chase the cow. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit is kind. If someone chases the cow then the cow eats the mouse. If the dog does not visit the cow then the dog is not round. If someone chases the cow then they chase the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The cow eats the dog." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1079", + "question": "Charlie is furry. Charlie is round. Charlie is young. Erin is furry. Erin is rough. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Kind people are cold. If someone is big then they are round. All rough, furry people are big. All kind, young people are cold. If Erin is round and Erin is furry then Erin is cold. If someone is big then they are kind. If Fiona is cold then Fiona is rough. If Fiona is furry and Fiona is rough then Fiona is round.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Charlie is furry. Charlie is round. Charlie is young. Erin is furry. Erin is rough. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Kind people are cold. If someone is big then they are round. All rough, furry people are big. All kind, young people are cold. If Erin is round and Erin is furry then Erin is cold. If someone is big then they are kind. If Fiona is cold then Fiona is rough. If Fiona is furry and Fiona is rough then Fiona is round.", + "original_question": "Erin is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-73", + "question": "Anne is nice. Bob is cold. Bob is not red. Bob is rough. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Harry is nice. Harry is quiet. Harry is rough. Harry is round. Nice people are quiet. If someone is red and nice then they are not quiet. Quiet people are cold. If someone is quiet and round then they are not red. If someone is green and quiet then they are round. If someone is cold then they are green.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Bob is cold. Bob is not red. Bob is rough. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Harry is nice. Harry is quiet. Harry is rough. Harry is round. Nice people are quiet. If someone is red and nice then they are not quiet. Quiet people are cold. If someone is quiet and round then they are not red. If someone is green and quiet then they are round. If someone is cold then they are green.", + "original_question": "Bob is not red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1401", + "question": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Erin is furry. Green people are round. Smart, green people are white. Round people are smart.\n\nQuestion: Dave is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Erin is furry. Green people are round. Smart, green people are white. Round people are smart.", + "original_question": "Dave is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-49", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is kind. Bob is red. Fiona is big. Fiona is cold. Fiona is kind. Fiona is red. Fiona is young. Gary is blue. Gary is cold. Gary is kind. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is young. Harry is blue. All red people are blue. If someone is blue then they are young. Red, young people are cold.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is kind. Bob is red. Fiona is big. Fiona is cold. Fiona is kind. Fiona is red. Fiona is young. Gary is blue. Gary is cold. Gary is kind. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is young. Harry is blue. All red people are blue. If someone is blue then they are young. Red, young people are cold.", + "original_question": "Harry is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-2242", + "question": "The cow does not eat the lion. The cow is green. The cow does not need the lion. The cow visits the lion. The lion eats the cow. The lion is big. The lion is cold. The lion is green. The lion needs the cow. The lion does not visit the cow. If the lion is blue and the lion does not need the cow then the lion visits the cow. If something visits the lion and it is not cold then it needs the lion. If something is green then it is big. If something needs the lion then the lion is not green. If the lion is rough and the lion does not visit the cow then the cow does not need the lion. If something visits the cow and the cow does not need the lion then it eats the lion.\n\nQuestion: The cow is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow does not eat the lion. The cow is green. The cow does not need the lion. The cow visits the lion. The lion eats the cow. The lion is big. The lion is cold. The lion is green. The lion needs the cow. The lion does not visit the cow. If the lion is blue and the lion does not need the cow then the lion visits the cow. If something visits the lion and it is not cold then it needs the lion. If something is green then it is big. If something needs the lion then the lion is not green. If the lion is rough and the lion does not visit the cow then the cow does not need the lion. If something visits the cow and the cow does not need the lion then it eats the lion.", + "original_question": "The cow is big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1548", + "question": "The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is young. The bald eagle sees the cat. The bald eagle visits the cat. The bald eagle visits the dog. The cat is kind. The cat sees the dog. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog eats the cat. The dog is cold. The dog is round. The dog sees the bald eagle. The dog sees the cat. The dog visits the bald eagle. The dog visits the cat. If the dog visits the cat then the cat eats the dog. If something is kind then it sees the dog. If the bald eagle sees the dog then the dog is cold. If something visits the cat and the cat eats the dog then the dog is kind. If something eats the cat and it is round then the cat is rough. If something visits the cat and the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat visits the dog.\n\nQuestion: The dog sees the dog.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is young. The bald eagle sees the cat. The bald eagle visits the cat. The bald eagle visits the dog. The cat is kind. The cat sees the dog. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog eats the cat. The dog is cold. The dog is round. The dog sees the bald eagle. The dog sees the cat. The dog visits the bald eagle. The dog visits the cat. If the dog visits the cat then the cat eats the dog. If something is kind then it sees the dog. If the bald eagle sees the dog then the dog is cold. If something visits the cat and the cat eats the dog then the dog is kind. If something eats the cat and it is round then the cat is rough. If something visits the cat and the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat visits the dog.", + "original_question": "The dog sees the dog." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-678", + "question": "Fiona is green. Fiona is rough. Fiona is smart. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is nice. Gary is red. All rough, green things are nice. All nice things are rough. Blue things are red. If something is green and blue then it is nice. All blue, red things are furry. Red, rough things are blue. Green, furry things are blue. If Fiona is green then Fiona is red.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Fiona is green. Fiona is rough. Fiona is smart. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is nice. Gary is red. All rough, green things are nice. All nice things are rough. Blue things are red. If something is green and blue then it is nice. All blue, red things are furry. Red, rough things are blue. Green, furry things are blue. If Fiona is green then Fiona is red.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-744", + "question": "Charlie is furry. Charlie is rough. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. Fiona is round. Fiona is white. Fiona is young. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is round. All young, white things are rough. All round things are white. All white things are young.\n\nQuestion: Harry is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is furry. Charlie is rough. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. Fiona is round. Fiona is white. Fiona is young. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is round. All young, white things are rough. All round things are white. All white things are young.", + "original_question": "Harry is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-134", + "question": "Bob is green. Bob is rough. Bob is smart. Dave is big. Dave is blue. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is smart. Fiona is rough. Fiona is smart. If someone is smart and big then they are blue. All smart people are furry. Rough, green people are big. All green, rough people are smart. If someone is blue and rough then they are quiet. If Bob is blue and Bob is smart then Bob is big. All quiet people are big. If someone is big then they are furry.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is green. Bob is rough. Bob is smart. Dave is big. Dave is blue. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is smart. Fiona is rough. Fiona is smart. If someone is smart and big then they are blue. All smart people are furry. Rough, green people are big. All green, rough people are smart. If someone is blue and rough then they are quiet. If Bob is blue and Bob is smart then Bob is big. All quiet people are big. If someone is big then they are furry.", + "original_question": "Bob is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-583", + "question": "The bald eagle is red. The cow is green. The cow likes the bald eagle. The cow likes the rabbit. The cow visits the bald eagle. The cow visits the rabbit. The rabbit likes the cow. The rabbit sees the tiger. The rabbit visits the tiger. The tiger is red. The tiger visits the cow. The tiger visits the rabbit. If something visits the rabbit then it is red. If something sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle visits the cow then it sees the cow. If something is red then it is kind. If the cow sees the tiger and the tiger sees the rabbit then the cow is green. If something is kind then it sees the bald eagle. If the rabbit is green then the rabbit is red. If something is red then it sees the rabbit. If something likes the cow and it likes the bald eagle then the cow sees the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not visit the bald eagle.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is red. The cow is green. The cow likes the bald eagle. The cow likes the rabbit. The cow visits the bald eagle. The cow visits the rabbit. The rabbit likes the cow. The rabbit sees the tiger. The rabbit visits the tiger. The tiger is red. The tiger visits the cow. The tiger visits the rabbit. If something visits the rabbit then it is red. If something sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle visits the cow then it sees the cow. If something is red then it is kind. If the cow sees the tiger and the tiger sees the rabbit then the cow is green. If something is kind then it sees the bald eagle. If the rabbit is green then the rabbit is red. If something is red then it sees the rabbit. If something likes the cow and it likes the bald eagle then the cow sees the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The cow does not visit the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-961", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the tiger. The bald eagle needs the tiger. The bald eagle sees the cow. The bald eagle sees the tiger. The cow chases the tiger. The cow is kind. The cow is red. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the tiger. The tiger chases the bald eagle. The tiger chases the cow. The tiger is blue. The tiger is kind. The tiger is red. The tiger needs the bald eagle. Young, kind people are green. If someone needs the tiger and the tiger needs the cow then the cow is young. If someone chases the tiger and they chase the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the tiger. If someone sees the tiger then the tiger needs the cow. If someone needs the bald eagle and the bald eagle chases the tiger then the bald eagle sees the cow. If someone is red and they need the tiger then they are blue.\n\nQuestion: The cow is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the tiger. The bald eagle needs the tiger. The bald eagle sees the cow. The bald eagle sees the tiger. The cow chases the tiger. The cow is kind. The cow is red. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the tiger. The tiger chases the bald eagle. The tiger chases the cow. The tiger is blue. The tiger is kind. The tiger is red. The tiger needs the bald eagle. Young, kind people are green. If someone needs the tiger and the tiger needs the cow then the cow is young. If someone chases the tiger and they chase the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the tiger. If someone sees the tiger then the tiger needs the cow. If someone needs the bald eagle and the bald eagle chases the tiger then the bald eagle sees the cow. If someone is red and they need the tiger then they are blue.", + "original_question": "The cow is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1028", + "question": "Bob is blue. Erin is quiet. Fiona is cold. Harry is cold. All quiet things are blue. If Harry is blue then Harry is not young. Blue things are young. Blue, round things are cold. If something is blue and not red then it is round. If something is young then it is white. If Erin is red and Erin is not round then Erin is young. If Erin is red and Erin is not cold then Erin is white.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Erin is quiet. Fiona is cold. Harry is cold. All quiet things are blue. If Harry is blue then Harry is not young. Blue things are young. Blue, round things are cold. If something is blue and not red then it is round. If something is young then it is white. If Erin is red and Erin is not round then Erin is young. If Erin is red and Erin is not cold then Erin is white.", + "original_question": "Erin is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-157", + "question": "You can tell me Alan is rough, and I know he is kind, cold, blue and very young. For being so cold, it's good Dave can remain nice. Fred may be round, but he is also kind. Round young people, red with loveliness, are very cold towards others. Nice people with blue and rough skin are very young and cannot be trusted with responsibility. Most young kind people tend to be red too. Someone that is cold rough and red is also considered to be kind. A young aged and big blue person will definitely be cold. I bet anyone who is round and kind is also pretty young. If a person acts cold yet nice and green, they will be kind.\n\nQuestion: Alan is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "You can tell me Alan is rough, and I know he is kind, cold, blue and very young. For being so cold, it's good Dave can remain nice. Fred may be round, but he is also kind. Round young people, red with loveliness, are very cold towards others. Nice people with blue and rough skin are very young and cannot be trusted with responsibility. Most young kind people tend to be red too. Someone that is cold rough and red is also considered to be kind. A young aged and big blue person will definitely be cold. I bet anyone who is round and kind is also pretty young. If a person acts cold yet nice and green, they will be kind.", + "original_question": "Alan is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-118", + "question": "Young Bob is kind and blue with green and cold traits that show how really big he is. That guy Dave sure is nice. Fred is green and cold too. No one knows Gary like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. When a person is nice and round and cold, they look blue. People that are green and big while also being cold are always nice. A kind young person who is green will be cold. Someone who is young at heart and age are very round. A person that is round and somewhat green while being nice tends to be red as well. Any human who is rough, green, and kind, has a blue personality. People who are round and red tend to be rough.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Young Bob is kind and blue with green and cold traits that show how really big he is. That guy Dave sure is nice. Fred is green and cold too. No one knows Gary like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. When a person is nice and round and cold, they look blue. People that are green and big while also being cold are always nice. A kind young person who is green will be cold. Someone who is young at heart and age are very round. A person that is round and somewhat green while being nice tends to be red as well. Any human who is rough, green, and kind, has a blue personality. People who are round and red tend to be rough.", + "original_question": "Bob is not red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-1146", + "question": "The bald eagle sees the bear. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The bear chases the bald eagle. The bear chases the rabbit. The bear eats the mouse. The bear is blue. The bear sees the rabbit. The mouse chases the rabbit. The mouse is cold. The mouse is nice. The mouse sees the bear. The mouse sees the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bear. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. If something chases the rabbit then the rabbit eats the bald eagle. If something sees the bear then the bear is red. If something is red then it is big. If something chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the rabbit then the bald eagle is red. Red things are blue. If something eats the rabbit and the rabbit is red then it is blue.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit eats the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle sees the bear. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The bear chases the bald eagle. The bear chases the rabbit. The bear eats the mouse. The bear is blue. The bear sees the rabbit. The mouse chases the rabbit. The mouse is cold. The mouse is nice. The mouse sees the bear. The mouse sees the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bear. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. If something chases the rabbit then the rabbit eats the bald eagle. If something sees the bear then the bear is red. If something is red then it is big. If something chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the rabbit then the bald eagle is red. Red things are blue. If something eats the rabbit and the rabbit is red then it is blue.", + "original_question": "The rabbit eats the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2930", + "question": "The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The squirrel is blue. If something likes the bald eagle then it is blue. If something likes the bald eagle and it sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle is blue. If something chases the rabbit then the rabbit is young.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The squirrel is blue. If something likes the bald eagle then it is blue. If something likes the bald eagle and it sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle is blue. If something chases the rabbit then the rabbit is young.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-184", + "question": "The squirrel is kind. If something is round and blue then it is rough. If something is round and not kind then it is not young. All kind things are blue. All round things are blue. If something is kind and blue then it is round. If the squirrel is rough then the squirrel is round.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The squirrel is kind. If something is round and blue then it is rough. If something is round and not kind then it is not young. All kind things are blue. All round things are blue. If something is kind and blue then it is round. If the squirrel is rough then the squirrel is round.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-2194", + "question": "Erin is quiet. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. If someone is young then they are big. All furry people are young.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Erin is quiet. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. If someone is young then they are big. All furry people are young.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1027", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the dog. The bald eagle chases the tiger. The dog chases the bald eagle. The dog is blue. The dog is cold. The dog is red. The dog is round. The dog is young. The tiger chases the dog. The tiger is round. The tiger likes the bald eagle. The tiger sees the bald eagle. If someone chases the bald eagle and they chase the tiger then they see the bald eagle. If the bald eagle sees the tiger and the tiger is young then the bald eagle chases the tiger. If the tiger likes the dog and the dog is cold then the dog sees the bald eagle. If the dog is red and the dog sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle does not like the tiger. If someone is blue then they chase the tiger. If the dog chases the tiger and the dog sees the tiger then the tiger does not like the bald eagle. If someone chases the bald eagle and they do not like the tiger then the tiger is red. If someone is round and they do not see the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the dog.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle chases the dog.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the dog. The bald eagle chases the tiger. The dog chases the bald eagle. The dog is blue. The dog is cold. The dog is red. The dog is round. The dog is young. The tiger chases the dog. The tiger is round. The tiger likes the bald eagle. The tiger sees the bald eagle. If someone chases the bald eagle and they chase the tiger then they see the bald eagle. If the bald eagle sees the tiger and the tiger is young then the bald eagle chases the tiger. If the tiger likes the dog and the dog is cold then the dog sees the bald eagle. If the dog is red and the dog sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle does not like the tiger. If someone is blue then they chase the tiger. If the dog chases the tiger and the dog sees the tiger then the tiger does not like the bald eagle. If someone chases the bald eagle and they do not like the tiger then the tiger is red. If someone is round and they do not see the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the dog.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle chases the dog." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-648", + "question": "The cow is round. All kind people are young. If someone is round and red then they are young. If someone is young then they are round. If the cow is round and the cow is young then the cow is kind. Round people are red. All round, kind people are young.\n\nQuestion: The cow is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow is round. All kind people are young. If someone is round and red then they are young. If someone is young then they are round. If the cow is round and the cow is young then the cow is kind. Round people are red. All round, kind people are young.", + "original_question": "The cow is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-173", + "question": "Alan is a young, rough person who is rather round but is also kind to everyone he meets. Bob is cold but nice with red hair and dresses green. Charlie might be rough and red but he's actually very kind. Eric seems to be round. A person who is feeling rough, has red cheeks and feeling green will also tend to feel blue. A person with big, round, kind face appears to be rough around the edges because they are naive. Kind red people are green on the inside. Kind people with rough skin are usually red because it's wind burn. If a person is blue and red and big, then that person is cold.\n\nQuestion: Alan is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Alan is a young, rough person who is rather round but is also kind to everyone he meets. Bob is cold but nice with red hair and dresses green. Charlie might be rough and red but he's actually very kind. Eric seems to be round. A person who is feeling rough, has red cheeks and feeling green will also tend to feel blue. A person with big, round, kind face appears to be rough around the edges because they are naive. Kind red people are green on the inside. Kind people with rough skin are usually red because it's wind burn. If a person is blue and red and big, then that person is cold.", + "original_question": "Alan is not red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-1317", + "question": "Bob is cold. Bob is white. Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is quiet. Dave is smart. Fiona is kind. Fiona is smart. Harry is big. Harry is cold. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Big, rough people are white. If Fiona is big and Fiona is cold then Fiona is kind. If Dave is cold then Dave is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Bob is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Bob is white. Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is quiet. Dave is smart. Fiona is kind. Fiona is smart. Harry is big. Harry is cold. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Big, rough people are white. If Fiona is big and Fiona is cold then Fiona is kind. If Dave is cold then Dave is quiet.", + "original_question": "Bob is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-1617", + "question": "Gary is big. Gary is green. Gary is round. If Gary is big and Gary is green then Gary is quiet. If someone is blue and big then they are not rough. If someone is round and green then they are rough. If someone is big and round then they are rough. If Gary is green and Gary is blue then Gary is red. If Gary is rough then Gary is round. Round, quiet people are not red. If Gary is round and Gary is blue then Gary is green.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Gary is big. Gary is green. Gary is round. If Gary is big and Gary is green then Gary is quiet. If someone is blue and big then they are not rough. If someone is round and green then they are rough. If someone is big and round then they are rough. If Gary is green and Gary is blue then Gary is red. If Gary is rough then Gary is round. Round, quiet people are not red. If Gary is round and Gary is blue then Gary is green.", + "original_question": "Gary is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-560", + "question": "Anne is young. Dave is young. Erin is white. All green things are not cold. If Anne is nice and Anne is cold then Anne is not young. If something is white then it is green. White, blue things are nice. If Anne is nice then Anne is green. If something is young then it is not blue. Green things are blue. If something is young and not green then it is not smart.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is young. Dave is young. Erin is white. All green things are not cold. If Anne is nice and Anne is cold then Anne is not young. If something is white then it is green. White, blue things are nice. If Anne is nice then Anne is green. If something is young then it is not blue. Green things are blue. If something is young and not green then it is not smart.", + "original_question": "Erin is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1942", + "question": "The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit needs the mouse. If the mouse visits the rabbit then the mouse needs the rabbit. If something visits the rabbit and the rabbit sees the mouse then the mouse does not see the rabbit. If something needs the rabbit then it is not rough.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit does not need the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit needs the mouse. If the mouse visits the rabbit then the mouse needs the rabbit. If something visits the rabbit and the rabbit sees the mouse then the mouse does not see the rabbit. If something needs the rabbit then it is not rough.", + "original_question": "The rabbit does not need the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-2005", + "question": "Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Harry is round. Harry is not young. If Harry is young and Harry is green then Harry is kind. If Harry is not young then Harry is rough. If something is rough and young then it is furry.\n\nQuestion: Harry is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Harry is round. Harry is not young. If Harry is young and Harry is green then Harry is kind. If Harry is not young then Harry is rough. If something is rough and young then it is furry.", + "original_question": "Harry is furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2149", + "question": "The bear is blue. The bear is nice. The bear likes the cat. The bear likes the tiger. The cat chases the tiger. The cat is blue. The cat is nice. The cat is rough. The cat needs the tiger. The tiger chases the cat. The tiger is blue. The tiger is rough. The tiger likes the bear. The tiger likes the cat. The tiger needs the bear. The tiger needs the cat. If someone needs the cat then the cat likes the tiger. Red people are blue.\n\nQuestion: The cat needs the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is blue. The bear is nice. The bear likes the cat. The bear likes the tiger. The cat chases the tiger. The cat is blue. The cat is nice. The cat is rough. The cat needs the tiger. The tiger chases the cat. The tiger is blue. The tiger is rough. The tiger likes the bear. The tiger likes the cat. The tiger needs the bear. The tiger needs the cat. If someone needs the cat then the cat likes the tiger. Red people are blue.", + "original_question": "The cat needs the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-942", + "question": "Anne is red. Charlie is young. Erin is not young. Harry is white. If something is kind then it is young. All cold things are young. Red things are not young. If Harry is kind and Harry is nice then Harry is red. All white things are quiet. Quiet things are red.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is red. Charlie is young. Erin is not young. Harry is white. If something is kind then it is young. All cold things are young. Red things are not young. If Harry is kind and Harry is nice then Harry is red. All white things are quiet. Quiet things are red.", + "original_question": "Erin is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-298", + "question": "Alan may be round, but he is also kind. Dave may be round, but he is also kind. Gary is a young, round shaped young man who is also very cold. Young Harry has rough, green skin that is always cold. Harry is known for being a nice guy. People who have red coloration usually treat people in a kind manner. They are also usually young looking. If you run across a young person with rough skin and a round figure, you can count on them being kind. A person that is both nice and rough is someone who is also big. People with big smiles and round eyes will have red hair. A red, nice person will definitely be a blue person. Someone that is cold rough and red is also considered to be kind. A young person who is big and rough and big is also usually round.\n\nQuestion: Harry is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Alan may be round, but he is also kind. Dave may be round, but he is also kind. Gary is a young, round shaped young man who is also very cold. Young Harry has rough, green skin that is always cold. Harry is known for being a nice guy. People who have red coloration usually treat people in a kind manner. They are also usually young looking. If you run across a young person with rough skin and a round figure, you can count on them being kind. A person that is both nice and rough is someone who is also big. People with big smiles and round eyes will have red hair. A red, nice person will definitely be a blue person. Someone that is cold rough and red is also considered to be kind. A young person who is big and rough and big is also usually round.", + "original_question": "Harry is big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-828", + "question": "The cat eats the rabbit. The cat is cold. The cat is green. The cat is nice. The cat is round. The cat is young. The cat likes the rabbit. The cat visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is round. The rabbit is young. The rabbit does not like the cat. The rabbit visits the cat. If someone eats the cat and they are not nice then the cat does not eat the rabbit. If the cat is cold then the cat eats the rabbit. All nice people are young. If someone is green then they do not like the cat. If someone likes the cat then the cat visits the rabbit. If someone eats the rabbit and the rabbit does not eat the cat then the rabbit visits the cat. If someone likes the rabbit and they do not like the cat then the rabbit visits the cat. If someone likes the cat and the cat does not visit the rabbit then the cat likes the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the rabbit. The cat is cold. The cat is green. The cat is nice. The cat is round. The cat is young. The cat likes the rabbit. The cat visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is round. The rabbit is young. The rabbit does not like the cat. The rabbit visits the cat. If someone eats the cat and they are not nice then the cat does not eat the rabbit. If the cat is cold then the cat eats the rabbit. All nice people are young. If someone is green then they do not like the cat. If someone likes the cat then the cat visits the rabbit. If someone eats the rabbit and the rabbit does not eat the cat then the rabbit visits the cat. If someone likes the rabbit and they do not like the cat then the rabbit visits the cat. If someone likes the cat and the cat does not visit the rabbit then the cat likes the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-2570", + "question": "The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle likes the squirrel. The squirrel eats the bald eagle. The squirrel is blue. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel likes the bald eagle. The squirrel visits the bald eagle. If something is kind then it visits the squirrel. If something eats the bald eagle and it is blue then the bald eagle likes the squirrel. All round, blue things are kind. If something visits the squirrel then the squirrel visits the bald eagle. If the squirrel is blue then the squirrel likes the bald eagle. If something is round then it eats the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not like the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle likes the squirrel. The squirrel eats the bald eagle. The squirrel is blue. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel likes the bald eagle. The squirrel visits the bald eagle. If something is kind then it visits the squirrel. If something eats the bald eagle and it is blue then the bald eagle likes the squirrel. All round, blue things are kind. If something visits the squirrel then the squirrel visits the bald eagle. If the squirrel is blue then the squirrel likes the bald eagle. If something is round then it eats the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not like the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-940", + "question": "Charlie is blue. Charlie is green. Dave is rough. Erin is not cold. Erin is green. Erin is rough. Erin is young. Harry is green. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Harry is not young. All rough people are red. If someone is blue then they are rough. All green people are rough. If someone is quiet then they are cold. If Harry is blue then Harry is green. If Dave is blue and Dave is red then Dave is quiet. Rough, red people are blue. Green, cold people are not quiet. Cold people are not young.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is blue. Charlie is green. Dave is rough. Erin is not cold. Erin is green. Erin is rough. Erin is young. Harry is green. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Harry is not young. All rough people are red. If someone is blue then they are rough. All green people are rough. If someone is quiet then they are cold. If Harry is blue then Harry is green. If Dave is blue and Dave is red then Dave is quiet. Rough, red people are blue. Green, cold people are not quiet. Cold people are not young.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-525", + "question": "The rabbit is blue. Green, round things are not blue. Blue things are green. If the rabbit is green then the rabbit is cold. If something is green and not blue then it is not cold. Round things are not red. If something is cold then it is not red. All round things are red. If the rabbit is cold then the rabbit is not red.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The rabbit is blue. Green, round things are not blue. Blue things are green. If the rabbit is green then the rabbit is cold. If something is green and not blue then it is not cold. Round things are not red. If something is cold then it is not red. All round things are red. If the rabbit is cold then the rabbit is not red.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is not green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-2162", + "question": "The bald eagle sees the cat. The cat sees the bald eagle. The mouse does not eat the cat. The rabbit does not see the mouse. If someone is red then they do not eat the bald eagle. If someone sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle does not see the rabbit then they eat the cat. If the mouse is not rough then the mouse does not eat the cat. If someone eats the bald eagle and they do not see the bald eagle then they do not visit the rabbit. If someone sees the cat then the cat is rough. If someone sees the mouse then they are not blue.\n\nQuestion: The cat is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle sees the cat. The cat sees the bald eagle. The mouse does not eat the cat. The rabbit does not see the mouse. If someone is red then they do not eat the bald eagle. If someone sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle does not see the rabbit then they eat the cat. If the mouse is not rough then the mouse does not eat the cat. If someone eats the bald eagle and they do not see the bald eagle then they do not visit the rabbit. If someone sees the cat then the cat is rough. If someone sees the mouse then they are not blue.", + "original_question": "The cat is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1151", + "question": "Anne is red. Bob is not nice. Charlie is blue. If someone is young then they are green. If someone is young and green then they are not red. Red people are white. If Charlie is white then Charlie is blue. All white people are not young. If someone is red and not young then they are nice.\n\nQuestion: Anne is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Anne is red. Bob is not nice. Charlie is blue. If someone is young then they are green. If someone is young and green then they are not red. Red people are white. If Charlie is white then Charlie is blue. All white people are not young. If someone is red and not young then they are nice.", + "original_question": "Anne is nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-292", + "question": "The lion is young. The lion does not like the mouse. The lion likes the rabbit. The lion visits the mouse. The mouse does not eat the rabbit. The mouse is blue. The mouse is green. The mouse visits the lion. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the lion. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is not nice. The rabbit visits the lion. The rabbit does not visit the mouse. If someone likes the rabbit and the rabbit visits the mouse then they are not green. If someone visits the mouse then the mouse visits the rabbit. If someone is cold then they like the mouse. If someone eats the mouse then the mouse likes the lion. If someone is nice then they like the lion. If someone likes the rabbit and the rabbit eats the lion then the rabbit is green.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit likes the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The lion is young. The lion does not like the mouse. The lion likes the rabbit. The lion visits the mouse. The mouse does not eat the rabbit. The mouse is blue. The mouse is green. The mouse visits the lion. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the lion. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is not nice. The rabbit visits the lion. The rabbit does not visit the mouse. If someone likes the rabbit and the rabbit visits the mouse then they are not green. If someone visits the mouse then the mouse visits the rabbit. If someone is cold then they like the mouse. If someone eats the mouse then the mouse likes the lion. If someone is nice then they like the lion. If someone likes the rabbit and the rabbit eats the lion then the rabbit is green.", + "original_question": "The rabbit likes the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-972", + "question": "The bald eagle is kind. The cow is blue. The lion chases the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. If someone chases the mouse then the mouse is not rough. If someone sees the mouse then they chase the cow. If someone is kind then they are cold. If someone chases the lion and they do not see the mouse then they are not kind. If someone is cold then they like the lion. If someone likes the lion then the lion chases the cow.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not like the lion.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is kind. The cow is blue. The lion chases the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. If someone chases the mouse then the mouse is not rough. If someone sees the mouse then they chase the cow. If someone is kind then they are cold. If someone chases the lion and they do not see the mouse then they are not kind. If someone is cold then they like the lion. If someone likes the lion then the lion chases the cow.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not like the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1519", + "question": "Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Charlie is green. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Red things are big. If Bob is red then Bob is white. Young, red things are white. All white things are green. If Bob is green then Bob is red. All smart things are green.\n\nQuestion: Bob is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Charlie is green. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Red things are big. If Bob is red then Bob is white. Young, red things are white. All white things are green. If Bob is green then Bob is red. All smart things are green.", + "original_question": "Bob is smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-619", + "question": "The cat is nice. The dog chases the rabbit. The rabbit visits the tiger. The tiger is nice. If the rabbit is blue and the rabbit visits the tiger then the tiger is young. If the rabbit visits the dog and the dog visits the rabbit then the rabbit eats the cat. If something eats the rabbit and it is red then the rabbit eats the cat. If something eats the tiger and it eats the rabbit then it visits the tiger. All young things are blue. If something chases the rabbit then the rabbit is blue. If something is red and it visits the cat then the cat visits the tiger. If something eats the tiger and it visits the rabbit then it chases the dog.\n\nQuestion: The cat is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat is nice. The dog chases the rabbit. The rabbit visits the tiger. The tiger is nice. If the rabbit is blue and the rabbit visits the tiger then the tiger is young. If the rabbit visits the dog and the dog visits the rabbit then the rabbit eats the cat. If something eats the rabbit and it is red then the rabbit eats the cat. If something eats the tiger and it eats the rabbit then it visits the tiger. All young things are blue. If something chases the rabbit then the rabbit is blue. If something is red and it visits the cat then the cat visits the tiger. If something eats the tiger and it visits the rabbit then it chases the dog.", + "original_question": "The cat is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-2021", + "question": "The mouse is rough. The mouse likes the rabbit. The mouse likes the tiger. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is red. The rabbit is round. The rabbit likes the tiger. The rabbit visits the tiger. The tiger is nice. The tiger is rough. Red, nice things are kind. If something likes the rabbit then the rabbit is nice.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The mouse is rough. The mouse likes the rabbit. The mouse likes the tiger. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is red. The rabbit is round. The rabbit likes the tiger. The rabbit visits the tiger. The tiger is nice. The tiger is rough. Red, nice things are kind. If something likes the rabbit then the rabbit is nice.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1407", + "question": "The cat eats the tiger. The cat is cold. The cat is round. The mouse is nice. The mouse is not rough. The mouse likes the cat. The mouse likes the squirrel. The mouse does not visit the cat. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel visits the tiger. The tiger eats the squirrel. The tiger is nice. The tiger likes the cat. The tiger likes the squirrel. If someone likes the mouse and the mouse is not round then the mouse is cold. All rough people are not cold. If the mouse visits the tiger and the mouse is not cold then the tiger is cold. If someone eats the tiger and the tiger is cold then the tiger does not eat the cat. If someone is red and they visit the tiger then the tiger does not eat the cat. If the squirrel eats the tiger and the squirrel visits the cat then the tiger visits the cat. If the squirrel is not cold then the squirrel visits the cat. If someone visits the cat then the cat visits the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the tiger. The cat is cold. The cat is round. The mouse is nice. The mouse is not rough. The mouse likes the cat. The mouse likes the squirrel. The mouse does not visit the cat. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel visits the tiger. The tiger eats the squirrel. The tiger is nice. The tiger likes the cat. The tiger likes the squirrel. If someone likes the mouse and the mouse is not round then the mouse is cold. All rough people are not cold. If the mouse visits the tiger and the mouse is not cold then the tiger is cold. If someone eats the tiger and the tiger is cold then the tiger does not eat the cat. If someone is red and they visit the tiger then the tiger does not eat the cat. If the squirrel eats the tiger and the squirrel visits the cat then the tiger visits the cat. If the squirrel is not cold then the squirrel visits the cat. If someone visits the cat then the cat visits the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2186", + "question": "The bald eagle likes the mouse. The bear likes the squirrel. The mouse is round. The squirrel eats the mouse. If something eats the mouse then the mouse chases the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle likes the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle likes the mouse. The bear likes the squirrel. The mouse is round. The squirrel eats the mouse. If something eats the mouse then the mouse chases the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle likes the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-214", + "question": "The cat chases the rabbit. The cat is kind. The cat is red. The cat is rough. The cat visits the mouse. The mouse chases the cat. The mouse chases the rabbit. The mouse eats the rabbit. The mouse is red. The mouse is rough. The mouse visits the cat. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is red. If something visits the rabbit and it visits the cat then the rabbit chases the cat. If something chases the cat then it visits the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit chases the cat.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat chases the rabbit. The cat is kind. The cat is red. The cat is rough. The cat visits the mouse. The mouse chases the cat. The mouse chases the rabbit. The mouse eats the rabbit. The mouse is red. The mouse is rough. The mouse visits the cat. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is red. If something visits the rabbit and it visits the cat then the rabbit chases the cat. If something chases the cat then it visits the mouse.", + "original_question": "The rabbit chases the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-2211", + "question": "Anne is blue. Bob is not blue. Gary is blue. If someone is rough then they are big. All furry, kind people are big. Furry people are big. Green people are rough. Blue, quiet people are not furry. If Gary is quiet then Gary is rough.\n\nQuestion: Bob is blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Bob is not blue. Gary is blue. If someone is rough then they are big. All furry, kind people are big. Furry people are big. Green people are rough. Blue, quiet people are not furry. If Gary is quiet then Gary is rough.", + "original_question": "Bob is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1670", + "question": "Anne is furry. Anne is green. Anne is kind. Anne is quiet. Anne is white. Anne is young. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Bob is white. Bob is young. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is kind. Gary is quiet. Gary is smart. Gary is white. All green people are kind. If someone is green and kind then they are quiet. If someone is kind and green then they are smart. White, young people are furry. If someone is green and smart then they are quiet. All furry people are green.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Anne is green. Anne is kind. Anne is quiet. Anne is white. Anne is young. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Bob is white. Bob is young. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is kind. Gary is quiet. Gary is smart. Gary is white. All green people are kind. If someone is green and kind then they are quiet. If someone is kind and green then they are smart. White, young people are furry. If someone is green and smart then they are quiet. All furry people are green.", + "original_question": "Bob is not green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1859", + "question": "Bob is red. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Dave is smart. Fiona is rough. Fiona is white. Gary is blue. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is young. All smart people are red. White, blue people are quiet. Quiet, rough people are young. All rough people are young. All white, young people are red. All red people are rough.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is red. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Dave is smart. Fiona is rough. Fiona is white. Gary is blue. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is young. All smart people are red. White, blue people are quiet. Quiet, rough people are young. All rough people are young. All white, young people are red. All red people are rough.", + "original_question": "Fiona is white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-2021", + "question": "The mouse is rough. The mouse likes the rabbit. The mouse likes the tiger. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is red. The rabbit is round. The rabbit likes the tiger. The rabbit visits the tiger. The tiger is nice. The tiger is rough. Red, nice things are kind. If something likes the rabbit then the rabbit is nice.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The mouse is rough. The mouse likes the rabbit. The mouse likes the tiger. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is red. The rabbit is round. The rabbit likes the tiger. The rabbit visits the tiger. The tiger is nice. The tiger is rough. Red, nice things are kind. If something likes the rabbit then the rabbit is nice.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-2976", + "question": "Charlie is big. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Dave is big. Dave is blue. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is quiet. Dave is round. Dave is white. All white people are kind. If Dave is round then Dave is big. If Dave is blue then Dave is white. All round, kind people are white. All big, blue people are kind. All blue people are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Dave is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is big. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Dave is big. Dave is blue. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is quiet. Dave is round. Dave is white. All white people are kind. If Dave is round then Dave is big. If Dave is blue then Dave is white. All round, kind people are white. All big, blue people are kind. All blue people are quiet.", + "original_question": "Dave is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-201", + "question": "Bob is green. Fiona is nice. Gary is nice. All white things are cold. White things are cold. If something is green and not blue then it is cold. Cold, green things are smart. All blue things are red. Green things are white.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is green. Fiona is nice. Gary is nice. All white things are cold. White things are cold. If something is green and not blue then it is cold. Cold, green things are smart. All blue things are red. Green things are white.", + "original_question": "Bob is not white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-1281", + "question": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bald eagle does not need the rabbit. The bald eagle does not see the mouse. The mouse sees the rabbit. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The rabbit needs the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. If something sees the rabbit then it likes the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not like the rabbit.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bald eagle does not need the rabbit. The bald eagle does not see the mouse. The mouse sees the rabbit. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The rabbit needs the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. If something sees the rabbit then it likes the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not like the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1548", + "question": "The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is young. The bald eagle sees the cat. The bald eagle visits the cat. The bald eagle visits the dog. The cat is kind. The cat sees the dog. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog eats the cat. The dog is cold. The dog is round. The dog sees the bald eagle. The dog sees the cat. The dog visits the bald eagle. The dog visits the cat. If the dog visits the cat then the cat eats the dog. If something is kind then it sees the dog. If the bald eagle sees the dog then the dog is cold. If something visits the cat and the cat eats the dog then the dog is kind. If something eats the cat and it is round then the cat is rough. If something visits the cat and the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat visits the dog.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not see the dog.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is young. The bald eagle sees the cat. The bald eagle visits the cat. The bald eagle visits the dog. The cat is kind. The cat sees the dog. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog eats the cat. The dog is cold. The dog is round. The dog sees the bald eagle. The dog sees the cat. The dog visits the bald eagle. The dog visits the cat. If the dog visits the cat then the cat eats the dog. If something is kind then it sees the dog. If the bald eagle sees the dog then the dog is cold. If something visits the cat and the cat eats the dog then the dog is kind. If something eats the cat and it is round then the cat is rough. If something visits the cat and the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat visits the dog.", + "original_question": "The dog does not see the dog." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1038", + "question": "Bob is furry. Bob is nice. Charlie is blue. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Gary is big. Smart, round things are nice. Furry things are blue. Blue things are round. If something is furry then it is rough. If Bob is furry then Bob is round. If something is blue and round then it is smart.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is furry. Bob is nice. Charlie is blue. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Gary is big. Smart, round things are nice. Furry things are blue. Blue things are round. If something is furry then it is rough. If Bob is furry then Bob is round. If something is blue and round then it is smart.", + "original_question": "Bob is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-1131", + "question": "Fiona is blue. Gary is green. Harry is quiet. All white things are nice. All blue things are white. If Harry is nice and Harry is blue then Harry is young. All big things are green. If Fiona is white then Fiona is big. If something is green and big then it is white. All blue, white things are quiet. All quiet, nice things are green.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Fiona is blue. Gary is green. Harry is quiet. All white things are nice. All blue things are white. If Harry is nice and Harry is blue then Harry is young. All big things are green. If Fiona is white then Fiona is big. If something is green and big then it is white. All blue, white things are quiet. All quiet, nice things are green.", + "original_question": "Fiona is blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-991", + "question": "The bald eagle is big. The bear needs the cat. The cat does not chase the bald eagle. The lion is big. If someone is kind then they do not eat the lion. If the bald eagle is big then the bald eagle needs the lion. If someone is rough and they chase the bear then they do not need the bear. If someone needs the lion then the lion is kind. If someone needs the bear then they chase the lion. If someone chases the bear and they are kind then the bear chases the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not need the lion.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is big. The bear needs the cat. The cat does not chase the bald eagle. The lion is big. If someone is kind then they do not eat the lion. If the bald eagle is big then the bald eagle needs the lion. If someone is rough and they chase the bear then they do not need the bear. If someone needs the lion then the lion is kind. If someone needs the bear then they chase the lion. If someone chases the bear and they are kind then the bear chases the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not need the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-236", + "question": "Anne is smart. Bob is cold. Fiona is nice. Harry is kind. Nice things are green. If Harry is smart then Harry is blue. Green things are smart. All cold things are nice. Big things are blue. If Anne is nice then Anne is big. If something is green and big then it is not kind. If something is smart and nice then it is kind.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is smart. Bob is cold. Fiona is nice. Harry is kind. Nice things are green. If Harry is smart then Harry is blue. Green things are smart. All cold things are nice. Big things are blue. If Anne is nice then Anne is big. If something is green and big then it is not kind. If something is smart and nice then it is kind.", + "original_question": "Harry is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-2620", + "question": "The bald eagle does not eat the cat. The bald eagle is not big. The bald eagle is not cold. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle is young. The bald eagle likes the cat. The bald eagle visits the cat. The cat eats the bald eagle. The cat is big. The cat is cold. The cat is not red. The cat is rough. The cat is young. The cat does not like the bald eagle. The cat visits the bald eagle. If the bald eagle visits the cat and the bald eagle does not like the cat then the bald eagle eats the cat. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle likes the cat then it does not eat the cat. If something likes the bald eagle then it is red. If something likes the cat then it visits the bald eagle. If something is rough and it does not like the cat then it visits the bald eagle. If something is big then it visits the bald eagle. If something eats the bald eagle and it visits the cat then the cat does not visit the bald eagle. If something visits the bald eagle and the bald eagle visits the cat then the bald eagle is young.\n\nQuestion: The cat is red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle does not eat the cat. The bald eagle is not big. The bald eagle is not cold. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle is young. The bald eagle likes the cat. The bald eagle visits the cat. The cat eats the bald eagle. The cat is big. The cat is cold. The cat is not red. The cat is rough. The cat is young. The cat does not like the bald eagle. The cat visits the bald eagle. If the bald eagle visits the cat and the bald eagle does not like the cat then the bald eagle eats the cat. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle likes the cat then it does not eat the cat. If something likes the bald eagle then it is red. If something likes the cat then it visits the bald eagle. If something is rough and it does not like the cat then it visits the bald eagle. If something is big then it visits the bald eagle. If something eats the bald eagle and it visits the cat then the cat does not visit the bald eagle. If something visits the bald eagle and the bald eagle visits the cat then the bald eagle is young.", + "original_question": "The cat is red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-68", + "question": "The cow eats the lion. The cow is blue. The cow is cold. The cow is red. The cow is round. The cow is young. The cow sees the lion. The cow visits the lion. The lion eats the cow. The lion is blue. The lion is cold. The lion is red. The lion is round. The lion is young. The lion sees the cow. The lion visits the cow. If something eats the lion then the lion is young. If something eats the lion then it visits the lion. If something sees the lion and the lion is round then it is blue. If something is blue then it sees the lion. If something visits the cow then the cow sees the lion. If something sees the cow then it eats the lion. If something is round and red then it sees the lion. If something is blue and it sees the lion then the lion is red.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not see the lion.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow eats the lion. The cow is blue. The cow is cold. The cow is red. The cow is round. The cow is young. The cow sees the lion. The cow visits the lion. The lion eats the cow. The lion is blue. The lion is cold. The lion is red. The lion is round. The lion is young. The lion sees the cow. The lion visits the cow. If something eats the lion then the lion is young. If something eats the lion then it visits the lion. If something sees the lion and the lion is round then it is blue. If something is blue then it sees the lion. If something visits the cow then the cow sees the lion. If something sees the cow then it eats the lion. If something is round and red then it sees the lion. If something is blue and it sees the lion then the lion is red.", + "original_question": "The lion does not see the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-3206", + "question": "Anne is nice. Anne is round. Anne is young. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. All young, cold people are round. All round people are smart.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Anne is round. Anne is young. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. All young, cold people are round. All round people are smart.", + "original_question": "Anne is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-3177", + "question": "The dog is blue. The dog is green. The dog is rough. If the dog is green and the dog is red then the dog is rough. Green things are blue. All red things are green.\n\nQuestion: The dog is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The dog is blue. The dog is green. The dog is rough. If the dog is green and the dog is red then the dog is rough. Green things are blue. All red things are green.", + "original_question": "The dog is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-BirdsVar2-3", + "question": "Arthur is a bird. Arthur is not wounded. Bill is an ostrich. Colin is a bird. Colin is wounded. Dave is not an ostrich. Dave is wounded. If someone is an ostrich then they are a bird. If someone is an ostrich then they are abnormal. If someone is an ostrich then they cannot fly. If someone is a bird and wounded then they are abnormal. If someone is wounded then they cannot fly. If someone is a bird and not abnormal then they can fly.\n\nQuestion: Arthur is not wounded.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Arthur is a bird. Arthur is not wounded. Bill is an ostrich. Colin is a bird. Colin is wounded. Dave is not an ostrich. Dave is wounded. If someone is an ostrich then they are a bird. If someone is an ostrich then they are abnormal. If someone is an ostrich then they cannot fly. If someone is a bird and wounded then they are abnormal. If someone is wounded then they cannot fly. If someone is a bird and not abnormal then they can fly.", + "original_question": "Arthur is not wounded." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-6984", + "question": "Bob is not furry. Bob is nice. Bob is smart. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is round. Erin is cold. Erin is round. Harry is furry. Harry is round. Harry is not smart. Young, round things are red. If Bob is round then Bob is young.\n\nQuestion: Bob is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is not furry. Bob is nice. Bob is smart. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is round. Erin is cold. Erin is round. Harry is furry. Harry is round. Harry is not smart. Young, round things are red. If Bob is round then Bob is young.", + "original_question": "Bob is smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-5495", + "question": "The cat chases the mouse. The cat is round. The cat likes the rabbit. The dog chases the cat. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog is round. The dog likes the cat. The dog visits the mouse. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit likes the dog. The rabbit visits the cat. The rabbit visits the mouse. All green things are nice.\n\nQuestion: The cat is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat chases the mouse. The cat is round. The cat likes the rabbit. The dog chases the cat. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog is round. The dog likes the cat. The dog visits the mouse. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit likes the dog. The rabbit visits the cat. The rabbit visits the mouse. All green things are nice.", + "original_question": "The cat is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1696", + "question": "Dave is blue. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Dave is smart. Dave is young. Erin is big. Erin is blue. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Erin is young. Round, red things are big. Red things are round. Smart things are red. Round things are nice. If something is big and blue then it is nice. If something is smart and red then it is young.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is blue. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Dave is smart. Dave is young. Erin is big. Erin is blue. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Erin is young. Round, red things are big. Red things are round. Smart things are red. Round things are nice. If something is big and blue then it is nice. If something is smart and red then it is young.", + "original_question": "Dave is not round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2261", + "question": "The cow is big. The cow is red. The cow sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cow. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit likes the cow. The rabbit sees the cow. If someone chases the rabbit then they chase the cow. If someone sees the rabbit then they are cold. If someone sees the cow then they chase the cow. Kind people are green. If the rabbit is green then the rabbit likes the cow. If someone sees the rabbit and they like the cow then the rabbit is green. If someone is big and they chase the cow then they chase the rabbit. If someone is red then they chase the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The cow is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow is big. The cow is red. The cow sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cow. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit likes the cow. The rabbit sees the cow. If someone chases the rabbit then they chase the cow. If someone sees the rabbit then they are cold. If someone sees the cow then they chase the cow. Kind people are green. If the rabbit is green then the rabbit likes the cow. If someone sees the rabbit and they like the cow then the rabbit is green. If someone is big and they chase the cow then they chase the rabbit. If someone is red then they chase the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The cow is big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-138", + "question": "The lion is nice. Big things are nice. If something is green then it is red. All red things are big. If the lion is nice then the lion is green. If something is big and not red then it is round. If something is big and not nice then it is round.\n\nQuestion: The lion is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The lion is nice. Big things are nice. If something is green then it is red. All red things are big. If the lion is nice then the lion is green. If something is big and not red then it is round. If something is big and not nice then it is round.", + "original_question": "The lion is not green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-822", + "question": "The bear is green. The lion chases the mouse. The lion is green. The lion is kind. The lion is nice. The lion is round. The lion visits the bear. The lion visits the mouse. The mouse chases the squirrel. The mouse is green. The mouse is red. The squirrel chases the bear. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is green. The squirrel visits the bear. If the bear eats the squirrel and the bear visits the squirrel then the squirrel chases the lion. If something is red and round then it chases the mouse. If something chases the mouse then it is nice. If something chases the bear and it eats the squirrel then the bear visits the squirrel. If something visits the bear and the bear chases the lion then the bear visits the lion. If something is green and it visits the mouse then it chases the lion. If something chases the mouse then the mouse is round. If something eats the bear and it visits the mouse then the bear is nice.\n\nQuestion: The lion visits the bear.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is green. The lion chases the mouse. The lion is green. The lion is kind. The lion is nice. The lion is round. The lion visits the bear. The lion visits the mouse. The mouse chases the squirrel. The mouse is green. The mouse is red. The squirrel chases the bear. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is green. The squirrel visits the bear. If the bear eats the squirrel and the bear visits the squirrel then the squirrel chases the lion. If something is red and round then it chases the mouse. If something chases the mouse then it is nice. If something chases the bear and it eats the squirrel then the bear visits the squirrel. If something visits the bear and the bear chases the lion then the bear visits the lion. If something is green and it visits the mouse then it chases the lion. If something chases the mouse then the mouse is round. If something eats the bear and it visits the mouse then the bear is nice.", + "original_question": "The lion visits the bear." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-2530", + "question": "Bob is furry. Bob is kind. Bob is red. Bob is round. Bob is young. Dave is kind. Dave is not red. Dave is round. Fiona is young. Harry is not young. If Fiona is furry and Fiona is green then Fiona is round. All round things are blue. Red, kind things are furry. Young, kind things are furry. All furry, kind things are young. All round, young things are not green. If something is round then it is kind. If Fiona is blue then Fiona is green.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is furry. Bob is kind. Bob is red. Bob is round. Bob is young. Dave is kind. Dave is not red. Dave is round. Fiona is young. Harry is not young. If Fiona is furry and Fiona is green then Fiona is round. All round things are blue. Red, kind things are furry. Young, kind things are furry. All furry, kind things are young. All round, young things are not green. If something is round then it is kind. If Fiona is blue then Fiona is green.", + "original_question": "Bob is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-75", + "question": "Big rough Alan is round and rather green. Green, big and red are qualities which all describe Charlie. That guy Dave sure is nice. Fred can be kind but he will talks so much his face turns blue. He is usually red and round other than that. Young round people who are green are usually blue. Rough and big people are always also cold people. I've noticed that nice people who have rough, green skin have a tendancy to be round. A nice, green, big person is also sure to be a red person. Anyone feeling cold is bound to act nice. People who are round and behave in a cold way are surely blue.\n\nQuestion: Alan is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Big rough Alan is round and rather green. Green, big and red are qualities which all describe Charlie. That guy Dave sure is nice. Fred can be kind but he will talks so much his face turns blue. He is usually red and round other than that. Young round people who are green are usually blue. Rough and big people are always also cold people. I've noticed that nice people who have rough, green skin have a tendancy to be round. A nice, green, big person is also sure to be a red person. Anyone feeling cold is bound to act nice. People who are round and behave in a cold way are surely blue.", + "original_question": "Alan is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-140", + "question": "Dave is nice. Fiona is quiet. If something is red and cold then it is quiet. If Fiona is quiet and Fiona is blue then Fiona is round. Nice, green things are red. If something is nice then it is not blue. If Dave is not blue then Dave is round. If Dave is red and Dave is not round then Dave is not quiet.\n\nQuestion: Dave is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Dave is nice. Fiona is quiet. If something is red and cold then it is quiet. If Fiona is quiet and Fiona is blue then Fiona is round. Nice, green things are red. If something is nice then it is not blue. If Dave is not blue then Dave is round. If Dave is red and Dave is not round then Dave is not quiet.", + "original_question": "Dave is round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-1976", + "question": "The cat sees the squirrel. The squirrel sees the cat. If someone visits the cat and the cat is young then they eat the squirrel. If someone eats the squirrel and the squirrel sees the cat then the squirrel is round. If someone sees the cat and the cat sees the squirrel then they eat the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel does not eat the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat sees the squirrel. The squirrel sees the cat. If someone visits the cat and the cat is young then they eat the squirrel. If someone eats the squirrel and the squirrel sees the cat then the squirrel is round. If someone sees the cat and the cat sees the squirrel then they eat the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The squirrel does not eat the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-131", + "question": "The cow chases the squirrel. The squirrel chases the tiger. The tiger visits the cow. If someone visits the tiger and the tiger visits the squirrel then the squirrel sees the tiger. If someone is big then they see the tiger. If the tiger visits the cow then the cow does not visit the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not chase the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow chases the squirrel. The squirrel chases the tiger. The tiger visits the cow. If someone visits the tiger and the tiger visits the squirrel then the squirrel sees the tiger. If someone is big then they see the tiger. If the tiger visits the cow then the cow does not visit the tiger.", + "original_question": "The cow does not chase the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-2312", + "question": "Bob is not big. Bob is not blue. Bob is cold. Bob is young. Dave is furry. Dave is young. Erin is big. Fiona is furry. Fiona is round. Fiona is young. If something is furry and young then it is kind. All big things are blue.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is not big. Bob is not blue. Bob is cold. Bob is young. Dave is furry. Dave is young. Erin is big. Fiona is furry. Fiona is round. Fiona is young. If something is furry and young then it is kind. All big things are blue.", + "original_question": "Fiona is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1167", + "question": "The bald eagle needs the rabbit. The bald eagle visits the squirrel. The rabbit chases the bald eagle. The rabbit needs the bald eagle. The squirrel is green. The squirrel needs the bald eagle. The squirrel needs the rabbit. If someone visits the squirrel then the squirrel needs the rabbit. If someone visits the squirrel and the squirrel chases the rabbit then they chase the squirrel. If someone visits the squirrel then they visit the rabbit. If someone visits the squirrel then they need the bald eagle. If someone visits the rabbit then they visit the bald eagle. If someone visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is young. If someone visits the rabbit and they need the bald eagle then the rabbit visits the bald eagle. If someone chases the rabbit then they are young.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not visit the bald eagle.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle needs the rabbit. The bald eagle visits the squirrel. The rabbit chases the bald eagle. The rabbit needs the bald eagle. The squirrel is green. The squirrel needs the bald eagle. The squirrel needs the rabbit. If someone visits the squirrel then the squirrel needs the rabbit. If someone visits the squirrel and the squirrel chases the rabbit then they chase the squirrel. If someone visits the squirrel then they visit the rabbit. If someone visits the squirrel then they need the bald eagle. If someone visits the rabbit then they visit the bald eagle. If someone visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is young. If someone visits the rabbit and they need the bald eagle then the rabbit visits the bald eagle. If someone chases the rabbit then they are young.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not visit the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-954", + "question": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle needs the bear. The bear is kind. The lion needs the bear. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel needs the bald eagle. The squirrel visits the lion. If someone is blue and rough then they need the bear. If someone needs the bald eagle then they are blue. If someone needs the lion then they eat the lion. If someone eats the bear then the bear is kind. If someone is blue then they visit the bear. If the lion is rough and the lion eats the squirrel then the lion is blue. If someone is blue and they visit the bear then the bear needs the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle needs the bear. The bear is kind. The lion needs the bear. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel needs the bald eagle. The squirrel visits the lion. If someone is blue and rough then they need the bear. If someone needs the bald eagle then they are blue. If someone needs the lion then they eat the lion. If someone eats the bear then the bear is kind. If someone is blue then they visit the bear. If the lion is rough and the lion eats the squirrel then the lion is blue. If someone is blue and they visit the bear then the bear needs the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-910", + "question": "The bear chases the dog. The bear likes the squirrel. The bear visits the cat. The cat chases the dog. The cat is kind. The cat likes the dog. The dog is kind. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel does not visit the cat. If something likes the squirrel and it visits the cat then the squirrel likes the dog. If something visits the squirrel and the squirrel visits the dog then it is round. If something likes the cat then it is not round. All nice things are round. If something visits the squirrel and the squirrel likes the cat then it is round. If the squirrel does not like the bear then the squirrel does not visit the bear. If something is big then it is nice. If something likes the squirrel and the squirrel is round then it is rough.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel does not like the dog.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the dog. The bear likes the squirrel. The bear visits the cat. The cat chases the dog. The cat is kind. The cat likes the dog. The dog is kind. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel does not visit the cat. If something likes the squirrel and it visits the cat then the squirrel likes the dog. If something visits the squirrel and the squirrel visits the dog then it is round. If something likes the cat then it is not round. All nice things are round. If something visits the squirrel and the squirrel likes the cat then it is round. If the squirrel does not like the bear then the squirrel does not visit the bear. If something is big then it is nice. If something likes the squirrel and the squirrel is round then it is rough.", + "original_question": "The squirrel does not like the dog." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-587", + "question": "The bear visits the lion. The cat needs the bear. The cat visits the mouse. The lion is round. The lion needs the cat. The lion needs the mouse. The mouse needs the lion. If something is rough and it needs the lion then it is nice. If something needs the mouse and it chases the mouse then it is nice. If something is nice then it is round. If something visits the cat then the cat visits the lion. If something needs the lion then it is rough. If something needs the bear then the bear is green.\n\nQuestion: The mouse is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bear visits the lion. The cat needs the bear. The cat visits the mouse. The lion is round. The lion needs the cat. The lion needs the mouse. The mouse needs the lion. If something is rough and it needs the lion then it is nice. If something needs the mouse and it chases the mouse then it is nice. If something is nice then it is round. If something visits the cat then the cat visits the lion. If something needs the lion then it is rough. If something needs the bear then the bear is green.", + "original_question": "The mouse is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-976", + "question": "Dave is kind. Erin is blue. Erin is green. Erin is kind. Erin is rough. Erin is white. Fiona is big. Fiona is green. Gary is kind. Gary is white. If someone is white then they are cold. All white, cold people are rough.\n\nQuestion: Gary is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Dave is kind. Erin is blue. Erin is green. Erin is kind. Erin is rough. Erin is white. Fiona is big. Fiona is green. Gary is kind. Gary is white. If someone is white then they are cold. All white, cold people are rough.", + "original_question": "Gary is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1319", + "question": "Bob is blue. Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Bob is kind. Bob is white. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is young. Harry is white. If someone is white then they are blue. If someone is young then they are quiet. All white, blue people are cold. Furry people are cold. If someone is quiet then they are cold. Kind people are quiet. If someone is quiet and furry then they are white. If someone is quiet and young then they are white.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Bob is kind. Bob is white. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is young. Harry is white. If someone is white then they are blue. If someone is young then they are quiet. All white, blue people are cold. Furry people are cold. If someone is quiet then they are cold. Kind people are quiet. If someone is quiet and furry then they are white. If someone is quiet and young then they are white.", + "original_question": "Dave is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-2", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle is rough. The cat visits the bald eagle. If someone eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle is rough. If the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat is blue. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle is blue then the bald eagle is kind. If someone chases the cat and the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat chases the bald eagle. If someone eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle chases the cat. If the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat eats the bald eagle. If someone chases the bald eagle then they visit the cat. If the cat is rough then the cat visits the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not chase the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle is rough. The cat visits the bald eagle. If someone eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle is rough. If the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat is blue. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle is blue then the bald eagle is kind. If someone chases the cat and the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat chases the bald eagle. If someone eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle chases the cat. If the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat eats the bald eagle. If someone chases the bald eagle then they visit the cat. If the cat is rough then the cat visits the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not chase the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-995", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is kind. Anne is round. Dave is big. Dave is young. Gary is green. Harry is young. Kind things are cold. If Dave is big then Dave is kind. If something is young then it is cold. Round, cold things are big. All kind, young things are smart. Kind, green things are round. Young, round things are green. If Harry is young and Harry is cold then Harry is green. Young, green things are kind.\n\nQuestion: Dave is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is kind. Anne is round. Dave is big. Dave is young. Gary is green. Harry is young. Kind things are cold. If Dave is big then Dave is kind. If something is young then it is cold. Round, cold things are big. All kind, young things are smart. Kind, green things are round. Young, round things are green. If Harry is young and Harry is cold then Harry is green. Young, green things are kind.", + "original_question": "Dave is cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1968", + "question": "The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bald eagle likes the squirrel. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The lion is nice. The lion is rough. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel likes the tiger. The squirrel visits the tiger. The tiger is blue. The tiger likes the squirrel. The tiger visits the lion. If something likes the bald eagle and it is big then it visits the squirrel. If something likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle visits the squirrel. If the lion eats the tiger then the lion visits the tiger. If something eats the squirrel then the squirrel is not big. If something is nice then it visits the lion. If the lion does not eat the tiger and the lion does not visit the tiger then the tiger visits the lion. If something visits the lion then it likes the lion. If something is big and it likes the squirrel then it does not like the lion.\n\nQuestion: The lion likes the lion.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bald eagle likes the squirrel. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The lion is nice. The lion is rough. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel likes the tiger. The squirrel visits the tiger. The tiger is blue. The tiger likes the squirrel. The tiger visits the lion. If something likes the bald eagle and it is big then it visits the squirrel. If something likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle visits the squirrel. If the lion eats the tiger then the lion visits the tiger. If something eats the squirrel then the squirrel is not big. If something is nice then it visits the lion. If the lion does not eat the tiger and the lion does not visit the tiger then the tiger visits the lion. If something visits the lion then it likes the lion. If something is big and it likes the squirrel then it does not like the lion.", + "original_question": "The lion likes the lion." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1556", + "question": "The bear is cold. The mouse chases the tiger. The tiger visits the mouse. If something eats the bear then it is red. If the tiger chases the bear then the bear is green. If something is cold then it eats the mouse. If something is cold and it visits the tiger then the tiger is kind. If something visits the mouse then it chases the tiger. If something eats the mouse then the mouse eats the bear. If something visits the bear and the bear does not eat the mouse then it eats the tiger. If something eats the bear and it chases the bear then it eats the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The mouse chases the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is cold. The mouse chases the tiger. The tiger visits the mouse. If something eats the bear then it is red. If the tiger chases the bear then the bear is green. If something is cold then it eats the mouse. If something is cold and it visits the tiger then the tiger is kind. If something visits the mouse then it chases the tiger. If something eats the mouse then the mouse eats the bear. If something visits the bear and the bear does not eat the mouse then it eats the tiger. If something eats the bear and it chases the bear then it eats the tiger.", + "original_question": "The mouse chases the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-175", + "question": "Fiona is big. Fiona is green. Fiona is white. Harry is furry. Harry is not rough. Harry is smart. Harry is white. Big, furry things are green. All big things are green. All white things are furry. If Fiona is furry then Fiona is not round. If Fiona is green and Fiona is round then Fiona is not big. White things are smart. If Fiona is round and Fiona is green then Fiona is rough. If Fiona is big then Fiona is smart.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Fiona is big. Fiona is green. Fiona is white. Harry is furry. Harry is not rough. Harry is smart. Harry is white. Big, furry things are green. All big things are green. All white things are furry. If Fiona is furry then Fiona is not round. If Fiona is green and Fiona is round then Fiona is not big. White things are smart. If Fiona is round and Fiona is green then Fiona is rough. If Fiona is big then Fiona is smart.", + "original_question": "Fiona is white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-2256", + "question": "Dave is cold. Erin is big. All cold people are big. If someone is young then they are cold. Blue, rough people are young. All big people are cold. If someone is big then they are rough. If someone is cold then they are kind.\n\nQuestion: Erin is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is cold. Erin is big. All cold people are big. If someone is young then they are cold. Blue, rough people are young. All big people are cold. If someone is big then they are rough. If someone is cold then they are kind.", + "original_question": "Erin is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-1150", + "question": "Anne is furry. Anne is kind. Anne is white. Bob is quiet. Charlie is furry. Charlie is kind. Fiona is not young. Smart people are white. If Bob is smart and Bob is quiet then Bob is not red. Smart people are young. If someone is furry and quiet then they are not young. If someone is young and not red then they are furry. All quiet people are not furry. If Charlie is not kind and Charlie is not white then Charlie is young. If Fiona is not red and Fiona is not white then Fiona is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Anne is kind. Anne is white. Bob is quiet. Charlie is furry. Charlie is kind. Fiona is not young. Smart people are white. If Bob is smart and Bob is quiet then Bob is not red. Smart people are young. If someone is furry and quiet then they are not young. If someone is young and not red then they are furry. All quiet people are not furry. If Charlie is not kind and Charlie is not white then Charlie is young. If Fiona is not red and Fiona is not white then Fiona is quiet.", + "original_question": "Bob is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-1579", + "question": "The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse is rough. The mouse is round. The mouse is young. The mouse likes the tiger. The mouse sees the tiger. The mouse visits the tiger. The tiger is cold. The tiger is green. The tiger is rough. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger likes the mouse. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger visits the mouse. If something is young then it likes the tiger. If something is green and it sees the mouse then it is cold. If something is young and it likes the tiger then it sees the mouse. If the tiger sees the mouse then the mouse visits the tiger. If something is green then it sees the tiger. If something likes the mouse and the mouse visits the tiger then it is young. If something sees the mouse and it is round then it visits the mouse. If something is cold and it visits the tiger then it sees the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The mouse visits the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse is rough. The mouse is round. The mouse is young. The mouse likes the tiger. The mouse sees the tiger. The mouse visits the tiger. The tiger is cold. The tiger is green. The tiger is rough. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger likes the mouse. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger visits the mouse. If something is young then it likes the tiger. If something is green and it sees the mouse then it is cold. If something is young and it likes the tiger then it sees the mouse. If the tiger sees the mouse then the mouse visits the tiger. If something is green then it sees the tiger. If something likes the mouse and the mouse visits the tiger then it is young. If something sees the mouse and it is round then it visits the mouse. If something is cold and it visits the tiger then it sees the mouse.", + "original_question": "The mouse visits the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1401", + "question": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Erin is furry. Green people are round. Smart, green people are white. Round people are smart.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Erin is furry. Green people are round. Smart, green people are white. Round people are smart.", + "original_question": "Dave is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-2015", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is young. Charlie is big. Charlie is cold. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Charlie is young. Dave is red. Gary is quiet. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is young. Young, cold things are red.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is young. Charlie is big. Charlie is cold. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Charlie is young. Dave is red. Gary is quiet. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is young. Young, cold things are red.", + "original_question": "Charlie is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-382", + "question": "The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle likes the mouse. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is not round. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The squirrel likes the rabbit. If someone is blue then they see the squirrel. If someone visits the rabbit and they like the bald eagle then they see the squirrel. If the mouse does not visit the rabbit then the rabbit does not visit the squirrel. If the bald eagle likes the mouse then the bald eagle likes the squirrel. If someone visits the bald eagle then they are red. If someone is red and they like the squirrel then they are not blue.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not like the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle likes the mouse. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is not round. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The squirrel likes the rabbit. If someone is blue then they see the squirrel. If someone visits the rabbit and they like the bald eagle then they see the squirrel. If the mouse does not visit the rabbit then the rabbit does not visit the squirrel. If the bald eagle likes the mouse then the bald eagle likes the squirrel. If someone visits the bald eagle then they are red. If someone is red and they like the squirrel then they are not blue.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not like the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-1100", + "question": "Charlie is green. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Fiona is green. Fiona is kind. Fiona is white. Nice people are not furry.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is green. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Fiona is green. Fiona is kind. Fiona is white. Nice people are not furry.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-248", + "question": "Bob is furry. Bob is red. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. Gary is furry. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is smart. If something is blue and kind then it is red. If something is red then it is green. If Gary is nice then Gary is kind. If something is nice then it is blue. If Harry is nice and Harry is furry then Harry is blue. All red, nice things are kind. If something is furry then it is nice. All smart things are red.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is furry. Bob is red. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. Gary is furry. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is smart. If something is blue and kind then it is red. If something is red then it is green. If Gary is nice then Gary is kind. If something is nice then it is blue. If Harry is nice and Harry is furry then Harry is blue. All red, nice things are kind. If something is furry then it is nice. All smart things are red.", + "original_question": "Bob is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1682", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Anne is kind. Anne is quiet. Anne is rough. Anne is round. Anne is young. Erin is blue. Erin is quiet. Fiona is kind. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Fiona is young. Harry is blue. Harry is round. If someone is rough and furry then they are kind. Furry people are rough. All quiet people are kind. If someone is kind and rough then they are round. If Harry is blue then Harry is young. If someone is quiet then they are furry. All rough people are quiet. All kind people are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Erin is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Anne is kind. Anne is quiet. Anne is rough. Anne is round. Anne is young. Erin is blue. Erin is quiet. Fiona is kind. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Fiona is young. Harry is blue. Harry is round. If someone is rough and furry then they are kind. Furry people are rough. All quiet people are kind. If someone is kind and rough then they are round. If Harry is blue then Harry is young. If someone is quiet then they are furry. All rough people are quiet. All kind people are quiet.", + "original_question": "Erin is furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-973", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Dave is big. Dave is not round. Dave is not young. Gary is blue. Gary is nice. If someone is blue then they are quiet. Nice people are blue. If someone is quiet and blue then they are round. If someone is quiet then they are young. If someone is round then they are young. If Gary is round then Gary is blue. If someone is round and not blue then they are not big. If Dave is not big and Dave is not blue then Dave is not cold.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Dave is big. Dave is not round. Dave is not young. Gary is blue. Gary is nice. If someone is blue then they are quiet. Nice people are blue. If someone is quiet and blue then they are round. If someone is quiet then they are young. If someone is round then they are young. If Gary is round then Gary is blue. If someone is round and not blue then they are not big. If Dave is not big and Dave is not blue then Dave is not cold.", + "original_question": "Gary is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1730", + "question": "The lion is big. The lion is cold. The lion is red. Cold, blue things are kind. All big, blue things are red. If something is kind and big then it is red. If something is kind and big then it is red. Big things are blue. Blue things are cold. All kind things are cold. If the lion is cold then the lion is red.\n\nQuestion: The lion is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion is big. The lion is cold. The lion is red. Cold, blue things are kind. All big, blue things are red. If something is kind and big then it is red. If something is kind and big then it is red. Big things are blue. Blue things are cold. All kind things are cold. If the lion is cold then the lion is red.", + "original_question": "The lion is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-1400", + "question": "Anne is nice. Gary is furry. If someone is kind and not young then they are nice. Nice people are kind. All kind people are not big.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Gary is furry. If someone is kind and not young then they are nice. Nice people are kind. All kind people are not big.", + "original_question": "Anne is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-33", + "question": "Anne is red. Dave is rough. Erin is red. Big things are round. All rough things are big. Round, rough things are red.\n\nQuestion: Dave is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is red. Dave is rough. Erin is red. Big things are round. All rough things are big. Round, rough things are red.", + "original_question": "Dave is round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-1020", + "question": "The bear is nice. The bear is young. The cat visits the mouse. The cow sees the cat. The cow visits the cat. The mouse eats the bear. The mouse eats the cat. The mouse sees the cat. The mouse sees the cow. The mouse visits the cat. If someone sees the cow then the cow visits the mouse. If someone is red then they visit the bear. If someone visits the cow then the cow is green. If someone eats the bear then the bear visits the cow. If the mouse visits the cow and the mouse is young then the mouse sees the cow. If someone visits the cat then the cat visits the bear. If the cow is big then the cow visits the mouse. If someone is red then they see the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not visit the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is nice. The bear is young. The cat visits the mouse. The cow sees the cat. The cow visits the cat. The mouse eats the bear. The mouse eats the cat. The mouse sees the cat. The mouse sees the cow. The mouse visits the cat. If someone sees the cow then the cow visits the mouse. If someone is red then they visit the bear. If someone visits the cow then the cow is green. If someone eats the bear then the bear visits the cow. If the mouse visits the cow and the mouse is young then the mouse sees the cow. If someone visits the cat then the cat visits the bear. If the cow is big then the cow visits the mouse. If someone is red then they see the cat.", + "original_question": "The cat does not visit the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-51", + "question": "Anne is young. Bob is round. Dave is smart. If someone is young then they are smart. Round, kind people are blue. If Dave is young then Dave is white. Smart people are young. Kind, young people are round. If Dave is white and Dave is young then Dave is round.\n\nQuestion: Dave is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Anne is young. Bob is round. Dave is smart. If someone is young then they are smart. Round, kind people are blue. If Dave is young then Dave is white. Smart people are young. Kind, young people are round. If Dave is white and Dave is young then Dave is round.", + "original_question": "Dave is round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-1595", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the mouse. The bald eagle chases the rabbit. The bald eagle eats the rabbit. The bald eagle is blue. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle sees the mouse. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse eats the bald eagle. The rabbit chases the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the mouse. If something chases the mouse then the mouse chases the bald eagle. If something is round then it chases the rabbit. If something sees the mouse then it chases the bald eagle. If the rabbit chases the bald eagle then the rabbit eats the mouse. If something sees the mouse and it sees the rabbit then the rabbit chases the mouse. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the mouse then the bald eagle is blue. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit is red then the rabbit eats the mouse. If something eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not chase the bald eagle.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the mouse. The bald eagle chases the rabbit. The bald eagle eats the rabbit. The bald eagle is blue. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle sees the mouse. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse eats the bald eagle. The rabbit chases the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the mouse. If something chases the mouse then the mouse chases the bald eagle. If something is round then it chases the rabbit. If something sees the mouse then it chases the bald eagle. If the rabbit chases the bald eagle then the rabbit eats the mouse. If something sees the mouse and it sees the rabbit then the rabbit chases the mouse. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the mouse then the bald eagle is blue. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit is red then the rabbit eats the mouse. If something eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the mouse.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not chase the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1071", + "question": "Bob is blue. Bob is quiet. Charlie is quiet. Fiona is not blue. Fiona is green. Fiona is not smart. Gary is green. If someone is kind and not quiet then they are rough. Quiet people are not smart. Quiet people are kind. If Gary is smart and Gary is blue then Gary is rough. If someone is quiet and not smart then they are green. If someone is green then they are big. All blue people are big. If someone is smart then they are not big.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Bob is quiet. Charlie is quiet. Fiona is not blue. Fiona is green. Fiona is not smart. Gary is green. If someone is kind and not quiet then they are rough. Quiet people are not smart. Quiet people are kind. If Gary is smart and Gary is blue then Gary is rough. If someone is quiet and not smart then they are green. If someone is green then they are big. All blue people are big. If someone is smart then they are not big.", + "original_question": "Charlie is big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-5301", + "question": "Anne is blue. Bob is furry. Bob is not rough. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Erin is blue. Erin is cold. Erin is not rough. Erin is white. Erin is young. All smart, white things are young. All furry, cold things are young. Cold, smart things are white. If Charlie is cold then Charlie is furry. All smart things are furry. Smart, blue things are not furry.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Bob is furry. Bob is not rough. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Erin is blue. Erin is cold. Erin is not rough. Erin is white. Erin is young. All smart, white things are young. All furry, cold things are young. Cold, smart things are white. If Charlie is cold then Charlie is furry. All smart things are furry. Smart, blue things are not furry.", + "original_question": "Charlie is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-4641", + "question": "The mouse chases the rabbit. The mouse chases the squirrel. The mouse is blue. The mouse does not like the squirrel. The mouse visits the rabbit. The mouse visits the squirrel. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit chases the squirrel. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit does not like the mouse. The squirrel chases the rabbit. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is blue. The squirrel is not cold. The squirrel is not red. The squirrel visits the rabbit. If something likes the squirrel and it does not chase the squirrel then the squirrel chases the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel does not chase the rabbit.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The mouse chases the rabbit. The mouse chases the squirrel. The mouse is blue. The mouse does not like the squirrel. The mouse visits the rabbit. The mouse visits the squirrel. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit chases the squirrel. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit does not like the mouse. The squirrel chases the rabbit. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is blue. The squirrel is not cold. The squirrel is not red. The squirrel visits the rabbit. If something likes the squirrel and it does not chase the squirrel then the squirrel chases the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The squirrel does not chase the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-183", + "question": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is kind. Dave is cold. Dave is kind. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is red. Erin is smart. Erin is young. Gary is kind. Gary is red. Gary is not young. If Charlie is blue then Charlie is not young. If Gary is red then Gary is rough. Kind things are smart. All smart things are blue. Young things are blue. If Gary is rough and Gary is not kind then Gary is not cold.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is kind. Dave is cold. Dave is kind. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is red. Erin is smart. Erin is young. Gary is kind. Gary is red. Gary is not young. If Charlie is blue then Charlie is not young. If Gary is red then Gary is rough. Kind things are smart. All smart things are blue. Young things are blue. If Gary is rough and Gary is not kind then Gary is not cold.", + "original_question": "Gary is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1495", + "question": "Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Dave is nice. Erin is blue. Erin is green. Erin is nice. If something is blue and kind then it is furry. Young, blue things are big. If something is young and furry then it is kind. Young things are blue. If Erin is furry then Erin is young. All furry, kind things are young.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Dave is nice. Erin is blue. Erin is green. Erin is nice. If something is blue and kind then it is furry. Young, blue things are big. If something is young and furry then it is kind. Young things are blue. If Erin is furry then Erin is young. All furry, kind things are young.", + "original_question": "Dave is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-220", + "question": "Rough and cold that is what they say about Blue Bob. That guy Charlie sure is nice. Dave is kind and nice and looks green. Fred seems to be round. If you meet someone with rough skin who is cold from being outside, you'll notice they are nice. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. If someone plays rough and is nice and round, they will be big. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. Most young kind people tend to be red too. A person that is round and somewhat green while being nice tends to be red as well. A nice person is inevitably round as well.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Rough and cold that is what they say about Blue Bob. That guy Charlie sure is nice. Dave is kind and nice and looks green. Fred seems to be round. If you meet someone with rough skin who is cold from being outside, you'll notice they are nice. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. If someone plays rough and is nice and round, they will be big. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. Most young kind people tend to be red too. A person that is round and somewhat green while being nice tends to be red as well. A nice person is inevitably round as well.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-591", + "question": "The cat is blue. The cat is kind. The lion is big. The lion is blue. The lion is kind. The lion sees the tiger. The squirrel is round. The squirrel is young. The squirrel needs the cat. The squirrel sees the lion. The tiger is blue. The tiger is kind. The tiger needs the lion. The tiger needs the squirrel. The tiger sees the squirrel. The tiger visits the lion. If someone is blue then they are big. If someone needs the lion and the lion is blue then the lion visits the tiger. If someone visits the tiger and they are blue then they see the lion. If the cat needs the lion then the lion needs the cat. If someone sees the cat then they are round. If someone sees the tiger then they visit the cat.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not see the lion.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The cat is blue. The cat is kind. The lion is big. The lion is blue. The lion is kind. The lion sees the tiger. The squirrel is round. The squirrel is young. The squirrel needs the cat. The squirrel sees the lion. The tiger is blue. The tiger is kind. The tiger needs the lion. The tiger needs the squirrel. The tiger sees the squirrel. The tiger visits the lion. If someone is blue then they are big. If someone needs the lion and the lion is blue then the lion visits the tiger. If someone visits the tiger and they are blue then they see the lion. If the cat needs the lion then the lion needs the cat. If someone sees the cat then they are round. If someone sees the tiger then they visit the cat.", + "original_question": "The lion does not see the lion." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-5299", + "question": "The tiger is big. The tiger is blue. The tiger is kind. The tiger is red. The tiger is not young. If something is kind then it is red. If something is young and not red then it is blue. Big things are not young. If something is big then it is not young. All blue things are big. If something is red and not kind then it is big.\n\nQuestion: The tiger is young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The tiger is big. The tiger is blue. The tiger is kind. The tiger is red. The tiger is not young. If something is kind then it is red. If something is young and not red then it is blue. Big things are not young. If something is big then it is not young. All blue things are big. If something is red and not kind then it is big.", + "original_question": "The tiger is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-66", + "question": "The circuit includes the battery. The battery is flat. The circuit includes the switch. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The wire is not plastic.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The circuit includes the battery. The battery is flat. The circuit includes the switch. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The wire is not plastic." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1520", + "question": "The cat is nice. The cat needs the mouse. The cat needs the squirrel. The mouse needs the cat. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is not kind. The squirrel needs the mouse. If something eats the mouse and it is not nice then it is kind. If something is big then it eats the cat. If something is nice then it does not eat the cat. If something needs the mouse then it needs the cat. If something sees the squirrel then the squirrel does not see the cat. If something eats the mouse then it is rough. If something is round then it does not eat the squirrel. If something is nice and it does not eat the cat then it is round.\n\nQuestion: The cat eats the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The cat is nice. The cat needs the mouse. The cat needs the squirrel. The mouse needs the cat. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is not kind. The squirrel needs the mouse. If something eats the mouse and it is not nice then it is kind. If something is big then it eats the cat. If something is nice then it does not eat the cat. If something needs the mouse then it needs the cat. If something sees the squirrel then the squirrel does not see the cat. If something eats the mouse then it is rough. If something is round then it does not eat the squirrel. If something is nice and it does not eat the cat then it is round.", + "original_question": "The cat eats the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-1131", + "question": "Fiona is blue. Gary is green. Harry is quiet. All white things are nice. All blue things are white. If Harry is nice and Harry is blue then Harry is young. All big things are green. If Fiona is white then Fiona is big. If something is green and big then it is white. All blue, white things are quiet. All quiet, nice things are green.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Fiona is blue. Gary is green. Harry is quiet. All white things are nice. All blue things are white. If Harry is nice and Harry is blue then Harry is young. All big things are green. If Fiona is white then Fiona is big. If something is green and big then it is white. All blue, white things are quiet. All quiet, nice things are green.", + "original_question": "Gary is not green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-241", + "question": "The young person who is always feeling cold is named Bob. For as cold as Charlie is around most people, I have found that he is very kind. Even if he is round, green and red. Fred, who is relatively young, is also pretty big and tends to be cold. Harry is green and cold too. When green, young and round fits a person, you'll see that rough will also fit. Nice people who are blue and round at the same time are always young. Kind, round people that are really feeling blue are going to always be big. A person who is kind and rough and blue is young. Nice people that are very green and even round shaped will be very young. Any red sort of person is a nice person.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The young person who is always feeling cold is named Bob. For as cold as Charlie is around most people, I have found that he is very kind. Even if he is round, green and red. Fred, who is relatively young, is also pretty big and tends to be cold. Harry is green and cold too. When green, young and round fits a person, you'll see that rough will also fit. Nice people who are blue and round at the same time are always young. Kind, round people that are really feeling blue are going to always be big. A person who is kind and rough and blue is young. Nice people that are very green and even round shaped will be very young. Any red sort of person is a nice person.", + "original_question": "Charlie is rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-152", + "question": "The bear chases the tiger. The bear needs the rabbit. The bear needs the tiger. The rabbit chases the tiger. The rabbit is red. The rabbit likes the bear. The rabbit needs the bear. The tiger chases the bear. The tiger chases the rabbit. The tiger is green. The tiger is young. The tiger likes the bear. The tiger likes the rabbit. The tiger needs the bear. The tiger needs the rabbit. If someone needs the tiger then they need the rabbit. If someone needs the rabbit and they chase the tiger then they chase the bear. If the rabbit chases the tiger then the rabbit needs the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The bear does not chase the bear.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the tiger. The bear needs the rabbit. The bear needs the tiger. The rabbit chases the tiger. The rabbit is red. The rabbit likes the bear. The rabbit needs the bear. The tiger chases the bear. The tiger chases the rabbit. The tiger is green. The tiger is young. The tiger likes the bear. The tiger likes the rabbit. The tiger needs the bear. The tiger needs the rabbit. If someone needs the tiger then they need the rabbit. If someone needs the rabbit and they chase the tiger then they chase the bear. If the rabbit chases the tiger then the rabbit needs the tiger.", + "original_question": "The bear does not chase the bear." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-651", + "question": "Charlie is rough. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Fiona is cold. Fiona is red. Harry is furry. Harry is nice. All furry people are nice. Nice, red people are rough. All nice people are rough. If someone is red and round then they are furry. All big, rough people are round. All red, rough people are big. All cold, furry people are rough. If someone is cold and round then they are red. All furry people are cold.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is rough. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Fiona is cold. Fiona is red. Harry is furry. Harry is nice. All furry people are nice. Nice, red people are rough. All nice people are rough. If someone is red and round then they are furry. All big, rough people are round. All red, rough people are big. All cold, furry people are rough. If someone is cold and round then they are red. All furry people are cold.", + "original_question": "Charlie is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-248", + "question": "Bob is furry. Bob is red. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. Gary is furry. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is smart. If something is blue and kind then it is red. If something is red then it is green. If Gary is nice then Gary is kind. If something is nice then it is blue. If Harry is nice and Harry is furry then Harry is blue. All red, nice things are kind. If something is furry then it is nice. All smart things are red.\n\nQuestion: Bob is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is furry. Bob is red. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. Gary is furry. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is smart. If something is blue and kind then it is red. If something is red then it is green. If Gary is nice then Gary is kind. If something is nice then it is blue. If Harry is nice and Harry is furry then Harry is blue. All red, nice things are kind. If something is furry then it is nice. All smart things are red.", + "original_question": "Bob is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-2506", + "question": "Anne is red. Charlie is big. Charlie is furry. Charlie is red. Charlie is young. Erin is furry. Erin is kind. Red people are green.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is red. Charlie is big. Charlie is furry. Charlie is red. Charlie is young. Erin is furry. Erin is kind. Red people are green.", + "original_question": "Charlie is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-6283", + "question": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is round. Charlie is not white. Charlie is young. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is quiet. Dave is round. Dave is white. Dave is young. All furry, young things are cold.\n\nQuestion: Dave is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is round. Charlie is not white. Charlie is young. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is quiet. Dave is round. Dave is white. Dave is young. All furry, young things are cold.", + "original_question": "Dave is furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-407", + "question": "The cow eats the rabbit. The cow is not blue. The cow does not see the rabbit. The cow does not visit the rabbit. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit sees the cow. If something eats the rabbit then it is not cold. If the cow visits the rabbit and the rabbit is blue then the rabbit does not eat the cow. If something eats the rabbit then the rabbit eats the cow. If something is red then it visits the cow. If something eats the cow then it is red. If something sees the cow then the cow does not visit the rabbit. If something visits the rabbit and it sees the cow then it is not young. If something is green and not red then it sees the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit visits the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The cow eats the rabbit. The cow is not blue. The cow does not see the rabbit. The cow does not visit the rabbit. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit sees the cow. If something eats the rabbit then it is not cold. If the cow visits the rabbit and the rabbit is blue then the rabbit does not eat the cow. If something eats the rabbit then the rabbit eats the cow. If something is red then it visits the cow. If something eats the cow then it is red. If something sees the cow then the cow does not visit the rabbit. If something visits the rabbit and it sees the cow then it is not young. If something is green and not red then it sees the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The rabbit visits the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-1400", + "question": "Anne is nice. Gary is furry. If someone is kind and not young then they are nice. Nice people are kind. All kind people are not big.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Gary is furry. If someone is kind and not young then they are nice. Nice people are kind. All kind people are not big.", + "original_question": "Anne is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-476", + "question": "Anne is not nice. Anne is rough. Anne is smart. Bob is rough. Gary is nice. Gary is quiet. Harry is rough. If Gary is big then Gary is cold. All nice people are big. If Gary is big then Gary is quiet. If someone is green then they are smart. If Anne is quiet and Anne is not green then Anne is big. If someone is nice and not quiet then they are not rough. If someone is quiet and not big then they are not rough. Cold people are rough.\n\nQuestion: Gary is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is not nice. Anne is rough. Anne is smart. Bob is rough. Gary is nice. Gary is quiet. Harry is rough. If Gary is big then Gary is cold. All nice people are big. If Gary is big then Gary is quiet. If someone is green then they are smart. If Anne is quiet and Anne is not green then Anne is big. If someone is nice and not quiet then they are not rough. If someone is quiet and not big then they are not rough. Cold people are rough.", + "original_question": "Gary is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-179", + "question": "For being so young, Bob is nice. He has rough, red hands from working all day and it makes him feel blue. Even though Dave is round and big, he is very kind. Fred may be round, but he is also kind. For being so cold, it's good Gary can remain nice. A person with big, round, kind face appears to be rough around the edges because they are naive. Kind red people are green on the inside. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. If someone is green and naive they may also have red, rough skin. It is a safe guess then that they are also round. A nice person who feels blue and looks round is usually kind. If a person is both cold and round, that person is also someone who is red.\n\nQuestion: Bob is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "For being so young, Bob is nice. He has rough, red hands from working all day and it makes him feel blue. Even though Dave is round and big, he is very kind. Fred may be round, but he is also kind. For being so cold, it's good Gary can remain nice. A person with big, round, kind face appears to be rough around the edges because they are naive. Kind red people are green on the inside. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. If someone is green and naive they may also have red, rough skin. It is a safe guess then that they are also round. A nice person who feels blue and looks round is usually kind. If a person is both cold and round, that person is also someone who is red.", + "original_question": "Bob is green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-842", + "question": "The bald eagle is green. The bear is rough. The mouse likes the bear. The squirrel likes the bear. If something chases the squirrel and it likes the mouse then it is kind. If something is rough and it likes the mouse then it is kind. If something is rough and it likes the squirrel then it likes the bald eagle. All rough things are young. If something is rough then it needs the mouse. If something is young then it needs the bear. If something chases the squirrel and the squirrel chases the bald eagle then the squirrel is rough. If something needs the mouse and it is young then it likes the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The bear needs the bear.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is green. The bear is rough. The mouse likes the bear. The squirrel likes the bear. If something chases the squirrel and it likes the mouse then it is kind. If something is rough and it likes the mouse then it is kind. If something is rough and it likes the squirrel then it likes the bald eagle. All rough things are young. If something is rough then it needs the mouse. If something is young then it needs the bear. If something chases the squirrel and the squirrel chases the bald eagle then the squirrel is rough. If something needs the mouse and it is young then it likes the mouse.", + "original_question": "The bear needs the bear." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1096", + "question": "Bob is blue. Erin is red. Erin is young. If something is nice then it is blue. If Erin is blue then Erin is red. If something is blue then it is nice. If something is white and not nice then it is not round. All nice things are red. If something is white and not nice then it is red. Round, blue things are green. Red things are young.\n\nQuestion: Bob is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Erin is red. Erin is young. If something is nice then it is blue. If Erin is blue then Erin is red. If something is blue then it is nice. If something is white and not nice then it is not round. All nice things are red. If something is white and not nice then it is red. Round, blue things are green. Red things are young.", + "original_question": "Bob is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-74", + "question": "Erin is white. Harry is round. Big people are young. If Harry is white and Harry is smart then Harry is big. All young people are round. If someone is white then they are big. If someone is big and white then they are smart. All young, white people are rough.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Erin is white. Harry is round. Big people are young. If Harry is white and Harry is smart then Harry is big. All young people are round. If someone is white then they are big. If someone is big and white then they are smart. All young, white people are rough.", + "original_question": "Erin is not big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1338", + "question": "The bear eats the tiger. The dog chases the bear. The mouse chases the dog. The tiger chases the dog. If something is green then it sees the mouse. If something sees the dog then it does not eat the bear. If something chases the bear then the bear sees the dog. If something chases the tiger then it is not green. If something is red and it chases the mouse then it chases the bear. If something is big then it chases the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The bear eats the bear.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bear eats the tiger. The dog chases the bear. The mouse chases the dog. The tiger chases the dog. If something is green then it sees the mouse. If something sees the dog then it does not eat the bear. If something chases the bear then the bear sees the dog. If something chases the tiger then it is not green. If something is red and it chases the mouse then it chases the bear. If something is big then it chases the tiger.", + "original_question": "The bear eats the bear." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-504", + "question": "The cow is green. The cow is nice. The cow likes the lion. The cow needs the tiger. The cow sees the lion. The cow sees the tiger. The lion likes the cow. The lion does not need the cow. The tiger is cold. The tiger likes the cow. The tiger sees the cow. The tiger sees the lion. If someone needs the cow and the cow is green then they like the cow. If someone needs the tiger then the tiger is blue. If the lion is kind and the lion sees the cow then the lion needs the cow. If the tiger does not see the lion then the lion needs the cow. Blue people are nice. If someone is nice then they need the cow. If someone is cold and they do not like the tiger then they do not see the tiger. If someone needs the tiger and they do not like the cow then the tiger is cold.\n\nQuestion: The tiger needs the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The cow is green. The cow is nice. The cow likes the lion. The cow needs the tiger. The cow sees the lion. The cow sees the tiger. The lion likes the cow. The lion does not need the cow. The tiger is cold. The tiger likes the cow. The tiger sees the cow. The tiger sees the lion. If someone needs the cow and the cow is green then they like the cow. If someone needs the tiger then the tiger is blue. If the lion is kind and the lion sees the cow then the lion needs the cow. If the tiger does not see the lion then the lion needs the cow. Blue people are nice. If someone is nice then they need the cow. If someone is cold and they do not like the tiger then they do not see the tiger. If someone needs the tiger and they do not like the cow then the tiger is cold.", + "original_question": "The tiger needs the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-6440", + "question": "Anne is kind. Bob is red. Erin is big. If something is red then it is rough. If something is rough and kind then it is big. Blue things are kind. All big, quiet things are rough. If something is kind and red then it is big. Blue, red things are kind.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is kind. Bob is red. Erin is big. If something is red then it is rough. If something is rough and kind then it is big. Blue things are kind. All big, quiet things are rough. If something is kind and red then it is big. Blue, red things are kind.", + "original_question": "Erin is not big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-204", + "question": "The dog is big. If the dog is young then the dog is blue. Big things are kind. All kind things are young.\n\nQuestion: The dog is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The dog is big. If the dog is young then the dog is blue. Big things are kind. All kind things are young.", + "original_question": "The dog is big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-279", + "question": "The bear is big. The bear is green. The bear is nice. Nice things are red. If the bear is nice and the bear is red then the bear is cold.\n\nQuestion: The bear is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is big. The bear is green. The bear is nice. Nice things are red. If the bear is nice and the bear is red then the bear is cold.", + "original_question": "The bear is not green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1155", + "question": "Erin is nice. Erin is red. Fiona is cold. Fiona is nice. Fiona is smart. Fiona is white. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is round. Harry is white. If someone is round and smart then they are red. Nice, smart people are round. Red people are furry.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Erin is nice. Erin is red. Fiona is cold. Fiona is nice. Fiona is smart. Fiona is white. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is round. Harry is white. If someone is round and smart then they are red. Nice, smart people are round. Red people are furry.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-368", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is nice. Bob is quiet. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Harry is nice. Harry is rough. Round things are big. If something is red and rough then it is big. All quiet things are red. All big, round things are quiet. If something is nice and round then it is quiet. All rough, quiet things are nice.\n\nQuestion: Harry is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is nice. Bob is quiet. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Harry is nice. Harry is rough. Round things are big. If something is red and rough then it is big. All quiet things are red. All big, round things are quiet. If something is nice and round then it is quiet. All rough, quiet things are nice.", + "original_question": "Harry is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-161", + "question": "Anne is furry. Anne is quiet. Anne is round. Anne is smart. Bob is big. Bob is furry. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Charlie is big. Charlie is kind. Charlie is quiet. Harry is furry. Harry is round. Furry things are rough. All round, kind things are quiet. All kind, quiet things are furry.\n\nQuestion: Bob is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Anne is quiet. Anne is round. Anne is smart. Bob is big. Bob is furry. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Charlie is big. Charlie is kind. Charlie is quiet. Harry is furry. Harry is round. Furry things are rough. All round, kind things are quiet. All kind, quiet things are furry.", + "original_question": "Bob is smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1520", + "question": "The cat is nice. The cat needs the mouse. The cat needs the squirrel. The mouse needs the cat. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is not kind. The squirrel needs the mouse. If something eats the mouse and it is not nice then it is kind. If something is big then it eats the cat. If something is nice then it does not eat the cat. If something needs the mouse then it needs the cat. If something sees the squirrel then the squirrel does not see the cat. If something eats the mouse then it is rough. If something is round then it does not eat the squirrel. If something is nice and it does not eat the cat then it is round.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not eat the squirrel.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The cat is nice. The cat needs the mouse. The cat needs the squirrel. The mouse needs the cat. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is not kind. The squirrel needs the mouse. If something eats the mouse and it is not nice then it is kind. If something is big then it eats the cat. If something is nice then it does not eat the cat. If something needs the mouse then it needs the cat. If something sees the squirrel then the squirrel does not see the cat. If something eats the mouse then it is rough. If something is round then it does not eat the squirrel. If something is nice and it does not eat the cat then it is round.", + "original_question": "The cat does not eat the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-581", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the lion. The bald eagle eats the tiger. The bald eagle is big. The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle is young. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The bald eagle needs the lion. The bald eagle needs the tiger. The lion eats the bald eagle. The lion eats the tiger. The lion is big. The lion is blue. The lion is nice. The lion likes the bald eagle. The tiger needs the bald eagle. If something needs the tiger then the tiger likes the bald eagle. If something is round then it needs the lion. If something eats the lion and it is round then it likes the lion. If something needs the lion then it is blue. If something is big and blue then it likes the tiger. If the tiger needs the bald eagle then the tiger is round.\n\nQuestion: The tiger is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the lion. The bald eagle eats the tiger. The bald eagle is big. The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle is young. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The bald eagle needs the lion. The bald eagle needs the tiger. The lion eats the bald eagle. The lion eats the tiger. The lion is big. The lion is blue. The lion is nice. The lion likes the bald eagle. The tiger needs the bald eagle. If something needs the tiger then the tiger likes the bald eagle. If something is round then it needs the lion. If something eats the lion and it is round then it likes the lion. If something needs the lion then it is blue. If something is big and blue then it likes the tiger. If the tiger needs the bald eagle then the tiger is round.", + "original_question": "The tiger is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-521", + "question": "Dave is furry. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Gary is green. Gary is nice. Gary is red. Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Harry is round. If Dave is rough and Dave is red then Dave is nice. Green, rough things are quiet. If something is red then it is quiet. Quiet, furry things are nice. Rough, furry things are quiet. All nice things are green. If Dave is green and Dave is red then Dave is rough. All round things are furry.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is furry. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Gary is green. Gary is nice. Gary is red. Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Harry is round. If Dave is rough and Dave is red then Dave is nice. Green, rough things are quiet. If something is red then it is quiet. Quiet, furry things are nice. Rough, furry things are quiet. All nice things are green. If Dave is green and Dave is red then Dave is rough. All round things are furry.", + "original_question": "Gary is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1537", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is nice. Dave is big. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is white. Dave is young. Gary is cold. Gary is rough. Gary is white. If Dave is white then Dave is cold. If Gary is cold then Gary is nice. Nice things are white. If Anne is young and Anne is nice then Anne is rough. All white, nice things are big. All big, blue things are rough.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is nice. Dave is big. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is white. Dave is young. Gary is cold. Gary is rough. Gary is white. If Dave is white then Dave is cold. If Gary is cold then Gary is nice. Nice things are white. If Anne is young and Anne is nice then Anne is rough. All white, nice things are big. All big, blue things are rough.", + "original_question": "Dave is not white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1609", + "question": "The cat is blue. If someone is young then they are nice. If someone is big then they are nice. If the cat is nice and the cat is big then the cat is blue. If the cat is nice then the cat is big. If the cat is kind and the cat is blue then the cat is big. Big, nice people are blue. All young, kind people are blue. Blue people are big.\n\nQuestion: The cat is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The cat is blue. If someone is young then they are nice. If someone is big then they are nice. If the cat is nice and the cat is big then the cat is blue. If the cat is nice then the cat is big. If the cat is kind and the cat is blue then the cat is big. Big, nice people are blue. All young, kind people are blue. Blue people are big.", + "original_question": "The cat is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-570", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is red. Charlie is big. Erin is nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is red. Fiona is cold. Fiona is kind. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. If someone is quiet then they are furry. Kind, nice people are red. All big people are quiet. If someone is kind then they are cold. All nice, furry people are red. If someone is nice and red then they are kind. Big people are nice. Kind people are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is red. Charlie is big. Erin is nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is red. Fiona is cold. Fiona is kind. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. If someone is quiet then they are furry. Kind, nice people are red. All big people are quiet. If someone is kind then they are cold. All nice, furry people are red. If someone is nice and red then they are kind. Big people are nice. Kind people are quiet.", + "original_question": "Erin is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1229", + "question": "The cat eats the lion. The cow eats the lion. The cow is blue. The cow likes the lion. The cow likes the squirrel. The lion is young. The squirrel likes the cat. If someone is round then they chase the cow. If someone eats the lion then the lion likes the cat. If someone is young and they like the cat then the cat is round.\n\nQuestion: The cat is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the lion. The cow eats the lion. The cow is blue. The cow likes the lion. The cow likes the squirrel. The lion is young. The squirrel likes the cat. If someone is round then they chase the cow. If someone eats the lion then the lion likes the cat. If someone is young and they like the cat then the cat is round.", + "original_question": "The cat is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-2530", + "question": "Bob is furry. Bob is kind. Bob is red. Bob is round. Bob is young. Dave is kind. Dave is not red. Dave is round. Fiona is young. Harry is not young. If Fiona is furry and Fiona is green then Fiona is round. All round things are blue. Red, kind things are furry. Young, kind things are furry. All furry, kind things are young. All round, young things are not green. If something is round then it is kind. If Fiona is blue then Fiona is green.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is furry. Bob is kind. Bob is red. Bob is round. Bob is young. Dave is kind. Dave is not red. Dave is round. Fiona is young. Harry is not young. If Fiona is furry and Fiona is green then Fiona is round. All round things are blue. Red, kind things are furry. Young, kind things are furry. All furry, kind things are young. All round, young things are not green. If something is round then it is kind. If Fiona is blue then Fiona is green.", + "original_question": "Bob is not green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2593", + "question": "The dog is big. The dog is kind. The dog is round. All cold people are big. Round people are rough. If someone is big and round then they are cold.\n\nQuestion: The dog is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The dog is big. The dog is kind. The dog is round. All cold people are big. Round people are rough. If someone is big and round then they are cold.", + "original_question": "The dog is rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-170", + "question": "The cat eats the squirrel. The squirrel eats the cat. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is round. The squirrel sees the tiger. The tiger is not nice. The tiger sees the cat. If the squirrel sees the tiger and the tiger does not chase the squirrel then the squirrel does not see the cat. If something chases the squirrel and it eats the squirrel then the squirrel chases the cat. If something sees the squirrel then it chases the tiger. If something sees the squirrel then the squirrel chases the tiger. If the squirrel is kind then the squirrel chases the tiger. If something sees the tiger then it sees the squirrel. If the tiger does not see the cat then the tiger is kind. If the tiger eats the squirrel then the tiger is cold.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel sees the squirrel.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the squirrel. The squirrel eats the cat. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is round. The squirrel sees the tiger. The tiger is not nice. The tiger sees the cat. If the squirrel sees the tiger and the tiger does not chase the squirrel then the squirrel does not see the cat. If something chases the squirrel and it eats the squirrel then the squirrel chases the cat. If something sees the squirrel then it chases the tiger. If something sees the squirrel then the squirrel chases the tiger. If the squirrel is kind then the squirrel chases the tiger. If something sees the tiger then it sees the squirrel. If the tiger does not see the cat then the tiger is kind. If the tiger eats the squirrel then the tiger is cold.", + "original_question": "The squirrel sees the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-2528", + "question": "Anne is white. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. Fiona is nice. Fiona is rough. Fiona is white. Fiona is young. Harry is furry. Harry is rough. Harry is young. Red things are green. All nice things are white. If something is rough and red then it is young.\n\nQuestion: Anne is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is white. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. Fiona is nice. Fiona is rough. Fiona is white. Fiona is young. Harry is furry. Harry is rough. Harry is young. Red things are green. All nice things are white. If something is rough and red then it is young.", + "original_question": "Anne is white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1081", + "question": "Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Erin is blue. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is nice. Fiona is cold. Fiona is kind. Fiona is red. Fiona is round. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is round. Smart things are kind. Nice things are smart. All red, kind things are cold.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Erin is blue. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is nice. Fiona is cold. Fiona is kind. Fiona is red. Fiona is round. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is round. Smart things are kind. Nice things are smart. All red, kind things are cold.", + "original_question": "Bob is not round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-424", + "question": "The bald eagle is rough. The cow chases the bald eagle. If something likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something likes the cow and it is blue then it chases the bald eagle. If something eats the cow then it likes the bald eagle. If something is cold then it chases the bald eagle. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the cow.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle likes the bald eagle.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is rough. The cow chases the bald eagle. If something likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something likes the cow and it is blue then it chases the bald eagle. If something eats the cow then it likes the bald eagle. If something is cold then it chases the bald eagle. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the cow.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle likes the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-2", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle is rough. The cat visits the bald eagle. If someone eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle is rough. If the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat is blue. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle is blue then the bald eagle is kind. If someone chases the cat and the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat chases the bald eagle. If someone eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle chases the cat. If the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat eats the bald eagle. If someone chases the bald eagle then they visit the cat. If the cat is rough then the cat visits the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle chases the cat.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle is rough. The cat visits the bald eagle. If someone eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle is rough. If the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat is blue. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle is blue then the bald eagle is kind. If someone chases the cat and the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat chases the bald eagle. If someone eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle chases the cat. If the cat visits the bald eagle then the cat eats the bald eagle. If someone chases the bald eagle then they visit the cat. If the cat is rough then the cat visits the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle chases the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-1897", + "question": "Bob is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Gary is quiet. Gary is white. If something is young then it is red. All white things are quiet. Quiet, young things are cold. If Gary is quiet and Gary is green then Gary is young. If something is red then it is green. If Gary is round then Gary is white. White, young things are green. If something is red then it is young.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Gary is quiet. Gary is white. If something is young then it is red. All white things are quiet. Quiet, young things are cold. If Gary is quiet and Gary is green then Gary is young. If something is red then it is green. If Gary is round then Gary is white. White, young things are green. If something is red then it is young.", + "original_question": "Gary is not white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-501", + "question": "Harry is rough. If Harry is not kind then Harry is nice. If Harry is rough then Harry is nice. If something is nice and kind then it is cold. Nice things are cold. If Harry is cold and Harry is rough then Harry is smart. If something is nice and cold then it is rough. If something is white and not cold then it is smart. If something is nice and smart then it is not white.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Harry is rough. If Harry is not kind then Harry is nice. If Harry is rough then Harry is nice. If something is nice and kind then it is cold. Nice things are cold. If Harry is cold and Harry is rough then Harry is smart. If something is nice and cold then it is rough. If something is white and not cold then it is smart. If something is nice and smart then it is not white.", + "original_question": "Harry is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-359", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle likes the cow. The bald eagle needs the lion. The cat eats the lion. The cat is red. The cow eats the bald eagle. The lion eats the cat. The lion eats the cow. The lion is kind. The lion is red. The lion likes the cat. The lion likes the cow. The lion needs the bald eagle. The lion needs the cat. The lion needs the cow. If the cow needs the bald eagle and the cow likes the cat then the bald eagle likes the cow. If something needs the bald eagle and it needs the cow then the bald eagle eats the cow. If something needs the lion and the lion eats the cow then it is green. If something is green and it likes the cat then the cat needs the cow. If something eats the cow then it needs the lion. If something needs the cat and the cat eats the lion then the cat eats the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not need the lion.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle likes the cow. The bald eagle needs the lion. The cat eats the lion. The cat is red. The cow eats the bald eagle. The lion eats the cat. The lion eats the cow. The lion is kind. The lion is red. The lion likes the cat. The lion likes the cow. The lion needs the bald eagle. The lion needs the cat. The lion needs the cow. If the cow needs the bald eagle and the cow likes the cat then the bald eagle likes the cow. If something needs the bald eagle and it needs the cow then the bald eagle eats the cow. If something needs the lion and the lion eats the cow then it is green. If something is green and it likes the cat then the cat needs the cow. If something eats the cow then it needs the lion. If something needs the cat and the cat eats the lion then the cat eats the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The lion does not need the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-383", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is furry. Anne is green. Anne is nice. Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is nice. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Dave is not cold. Dave is round. Dave is white. Dave is young. Fiona is cold. Fiona is white. All white things are nice. If something is round then it is nice. If something is white and nice then it is furry. Young, cold things are white. All white, round things are green. Round things are young.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is furry. Anne is green. Anne is nice. Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is nice. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Dave is not cold. Dave is round. Dave is white. Dave is young. Fiona is cold. Fiona is white. All white things are nice. If something is round then it is nice. If something is white and nice then it is furry. Young, cold things are white. All white, round things are green. Round things are young.", + "original_question": "Dave is not green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1240", + "question": "Dave is furry. Gary is cold. Gary is furry. Gary is rough. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Gary is young. If Gary is furry and Gary is round then Gary is young. Furry things are white. All smart things are cold. If something is smart and white then it is cold. If something is white then it is smart. If something is white and smart then it is cold. Round, rough things are white. Young, cold things are furry.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is furry. Gary is cold. Gary is furry. Gary is rough. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Gary is young. If Gary is furry and Gary is round then Gary is young. Furry things are white. All smart things are cold. If something is smart and white then it is cold. If something is white then it is smart. If something is white and smart then it is cold. Round, rough things are white. Young, cold things are furry.", + "original_question": "Dave is not white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-9", + "question": "Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is round. Gary is blue. Gary is round. Harry is cold. Harry is rough. If something is blue and kind then it is round. Kind, round things are young. All cold things are kind. If something is kind and blue then it is rough. If something is young then it is nice. Cold things are round.\n\nQuestion: Harry is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is round. Gary is blue. Gary is round. Harry is cold. Harry is rough. If something is blue and kind then it is round. Kind, round things are young. All cold things are kind. If something is kind and blue then it is rough. If something is young then it is nice. Cold things are round.", + "original_question": "Harry is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-179", + "question": "Charlie is round. Charlie is not white. Dave is young. Fiona is round. Gary is furry. Gary is quiet. Gary is young. If someone is young and rough then they are white. All big people are not white. Round people are big.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is round. Charlie is not white. Dave is young. Fiona is round. Gary is furry. Gary is quiet. Gary is young. If someone is young and rough then they are white. All big people are not white. Round people are big.", + "original_question": "Fiona is white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1319", + "question": "Bob is blue. Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Bob is kind. Bob is white. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is young. Harry is white. If someone is white then they are blue. If someone is young then they are quiet. All white, blue people are cold. Furry people are cold. If someone is quiet then they are cold. Kind people are quiet. If someone is quiet and furry then they are white. If someone is quiet and young then they are white.\n\nQuestion: Dave is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Bob is kind. Bob is white. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is young. Harry is white. If someone is white then they are blue. If someone is young then they are quiet. All white, blue people are cold. Furry people are cold. If someone is quiet then they are cold. Kind people are quiet. If someone is quiet and furry then they are white. If someone is quiet and young then they are white.", + "original_question": "Dave is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-2859", + "question": "Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Fiona is not smart. Gary is not big. Gary is quiet. Gary is not rough. Gary is smart. If someone is rough then they are not quiet.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Fiona is not smart. Gary is not big. Gary is quiet. Gary is not rough. Gary is smart. If someone is rough then they are not quiet.", + "original_question": "Fiona is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-240", + "question": "Anne is round. Anne is young. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Dave is blue. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Dave is white. Erin is smart. If someone is round and blue then they are white. Kind people are blue. All round people are kind. White, round people are young. All round, kind people are smart. If Bob is young and Bob is blue then Bob is furry. Furry people are young.\n\nQuestion: Bob is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "Anne is round. Anne is young. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Dave is blue. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Dave is white. Erin is smart. If someone is round and blue then they are white. Kind people are blue. All round people are kind. White, round people are young. All round, kind people are smart. If Bob is young and Bob is blue then Bob is furry. Furry people are young.", + "original_question": "Bob is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-536", + "question": "Anne is nice. Anne is rough. Anne is white. Dave is big. Dave is young. Gary is big. Gary is white. All nice, white things are big. If something is big then it is nice. If Dave is nice and Dave is not young then Dave is blue. Nice things are rough. All young things are not kind. All rough things are blue. All young things are blue. If something is young and not big then it is blue.\n\nQuestion: Anne is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Anne is rough. Anne is white. Dave is big. Dave is young. Gary is big. Gary is white. All nice, white things are big. If something is big then it is nice. If Dave is nice and Dave is not young then Dave is blue. Nice things are rough. All young things are not kind. All rough things are blue. All young things are blue. If something is young and not big then it is blue.", + "original_question": "Anne is rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-822", + "question": "The bear is green. The lion chases the mouse. The lion is green. The lion is kind. The lion is nice. The lion is round. The lion visits the bear. The lion visits the mouse. The mouse chases the squirrel. The mouse is green. The mouse is red. The squirrel chases the bear. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is green. The squirrel visits the bear. If the bear eats the squirrel and the bear visits the squirrel then the squirrel chases the lion. If something is red and round then it chases the mouse. If something chases the mouse then it is nice. If something chases the bear and it eats the squirrel then the bear visits the squirrel. If something visits the bear and the bear chases the lion then the bear visits the lion. If something is green and it visits the mouse then it chases the lion. If something chases the mouse then the mouse is round. If something eats the bear and it visits the mouse then the bear is nice.\n\nQuestion: The lion is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is green. The lion chases the mouse. The lion is green. The lion is kind. The lion is nice. The lion is round. The lion visits the bear. The lion visits the mouse. The mouse chases the squirrel. The mouse is green. The mouse is red. The squirrel chases the bear. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is green. The squirrel visits the bear. If the bear eats the squirrel and the bear visits the squirrel then the squirrel chases the lion. If something is red and round then it chases the mouse. If something chases the mouse then it is nice. If something chases the bear and it eats the squirrel then the bear visits the squirrel. If something visits the bear and the bear chases the lion then the bear visits the lion. If something is green and it visits the mouse then it chases the lion. If something chases the mouse then the mouse is round. If something eats the bear and it visits the mouse then the bear is nice.", + "original_question": "The lion is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-2162", + "question": "The bald eagle sees the cat. The cat sees the bald eagle. The mouse does not eat the cat. The rabbit does not see the mouse. If someone is red then they do not eat the bald eagle. If someone sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle does not see the rabbit then they eat the cat. If the mouse is not rough then the mouse does not eat the cat. If someone eats the bald eagle and they do not see the bald eagle then they do not visit the rabbit. If someone sees the cat then the cat is rough. If someone sees the mouse then they are not blue.\n\nQuestion: The cat is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle sees the cat. The cat sees the bald eagle. The mouse does not eat the cat. The rabbit does not see the mouse. If someone is red then they do not eat the bald eagle. If someone sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle does not see the rabbit then they eat the cat. If the mouse is not rough then the mouse does not eat the cat. If someone eats the bald eagle and they do not see the bald eagle then they do not visit the rabbit. If someone sees the cat then the cat is rough. If someone sees the mouse then they are not blue.", + "original_question": "The cat is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-787", + "question": "Anne is big. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Gary is big. Gary is furry. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Harry is furry. All big, rough things are smart. Red, rough things are furry. Rough things are round. Smart things are white. Big things are smart. All white things are rough. If something is furry then it is round. Smart, round things are furry. Round things are red.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Gary is big. Gary is furry. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Harry is furry. All big, rough things are smart. Red, rough things are furry. Rough things are round. Smart things are white. Big things are smart. All white things are rough. If something is furry then it is round. Smart, round things are furry. Round things are red.", + "original_question": "Anne is not red." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-49", + "question": "The circuit includes the battery. The circuit includes the switch. The switch is on. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The circuit includes the light bulb.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The circuit includes the battery. The circuit includes the switch. The switch is on. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The circuit includes the light bulb." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-4653", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is green. Anne is kind. Anne is nice. Anne is red. Anne is smart. Anne is white. If someone is cold and white then they are smart. If someone is nice then they are smart. If someone is green then they are red. If Anne is red then Anne is cold. Red people are smart. If someone is red and smart then they are green.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is green. Anne is kind. Anne is nice. Anne is red. Anne is smart. Anne is white. If someone is cold and white then they are smart. If someone is nice then they are smart. If someone is green then they are red. If Anne is red then Anne is cold. Red people are smart. If someone is red and smart then they are green.", + "original_question": "Anne is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-521", + "question": "Dave is furry. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Gary is green. Gary is nice. Gary is red. Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Harry is round. If Dave is rough and Dave is red then Dave is nice. Green, rough things are quiet. If something is red then it is quiet. Quiet, furry things are nice. Rough, furry things are quiet. All nice things are green. If Dave is green and Dave is red then Dave is rough. All round things are furry.\n\nQuestion: Dave is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is furry. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Gary is green. Gary is nice. Gary is red. Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Harry is round. If Dave is rough and Dave is red then Dave is nice. Green, rough things are quiet. If something is red then it is quiet. Quiet, furry things are nice. Rough, furry things are quiet. All nice things are green. If Dave is green and Dave is red then Dave is rough. All round things are furry.", + "original_question": "Dave is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-915", + "question": "Bob is rough. Dave is nice. Erin is smart. Green things are smart. Nice things are smart. If something is green and quiet then it is not rough. All rough things are kind. All rough, kind things are nice. If something is rough and not nice then it is red.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is rough. Dave is nice. Erin is smart. Green things are smart. Nice things are smart. If something is green and quiet then it is not rough. All rough things are kind. All rough, kind things are nice. If something is rough and not nice then it is red.", + "original_question": "Bob is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-2528", + "question": "Anne is white. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. Fiona is nice. Fiona is rough. Fiona is white. Fiona is young. Harry is furry. Harry is rough. Harry is young. Red things are green. All nice things are white. If something is rough and red then it is young.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is white. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. Fiona is nice. Fiona is rough. Fiona is white. Fiona is young. Harry is furry. Harry is rough. Harry is young. Red things are green. All nice things are white. If something is rough and red then it is young.", + "original_question": "Erin is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-457", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is red. Anne is young. Bob is nice. Bob is young. Charlie is nice. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Gary is green. If something is red and blue then it is white. Green things are red. If something is white then it is quiet. If something is red then it is blue. All blue, young things are white. If Bob is quiet and Bob is green then Bob is young. Quiet, green things are young. Red, nice things are white. All white, nice things are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is red. Anne is young. Bob is nice. Bob is young. Charlie is nice. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Gary is green. If something is red and blue then it is white. Green things are red. If something is white then it is quiet. If something is red then it is blue. All blue, young things are white. If Bob is quiet and Bob is green then Bob is young. Quiet, green things are young. Red, nice things are white. All white, nice things are quiet.", + "original_question": "Charlie is white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-941", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the tiger. The bald eagle is green. The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle sees the lion. The bald eagle does not visit the tiger. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog does not eat the tiger. The dog is young. The dog sees the lion. The lion is not rough. The tiger sees the dog. If something eats the dog then the dog is rough. If something visits the tiger then it eats the lion. If something visits the lion and it eats the lion then the lion is not green. If something sees the lion then the lion eats the bald eagle. If something visits the dog then it is young. If something is big and it eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the dog. Young things are big. If the tiger is rough and the tiger sees the lion then the lion visits the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not eat the dog.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the tiger. The bald eagle is green. The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle sees the lion. The bald eagle does not visit the tiger. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog does not eat the tiger. The dog is young. The dog sees the lion. The lion is not rough. The tiger sees the dog. If something eats the dog then the dog is rough. If something visits the tiger then it eats the lion. If something visits the lion and it eats the lion then the lion is not green. If something sees the lion then the lion eats the bald eagle. If something visits the dog then it is young. If something is big and it eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the dog. Young things are big. If the tiger is rough and the tiger sees the lion then the lion visits the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not eat the dog." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-2565", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Anne is kind. Anne is not rough. Anne is round. Anne is white. Bob is not big. Bob is blue. Bob is rough. Dave is not blue. Dave is cold. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Fiona is not cold. Fiona is kind. All rough things are not round. If Bob is kind then Bob is not rough. If something is kind and not rough then it is cold.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Anne is kind. Anne is not rough. Anne is round. Anne is white. Bob is not big. Bob is blue. Bob is rough. Dave is not blue. Dave is cold. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Fiona is not cold. Fiona is kind. All rough things are not round. If Bob is kind then Bob is not rough. If something is kind and not rough then it is cold.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-808", + "question": "The cat is young. The cow is young. The cow visits the mouse. The mouse eats the cat. The mouse needs the cat. The mouse needs the rabbit. The mouse does not visit the cow. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is round. The rabbit does not need the cat. The rabbit visits the mouse. If someone eats the cat and they eat the cow then they do not need the mouse. If someone visits the cat then the cat eats the cow. All nice people are red. If the mouse needs the rabbit and the mouse eats the cat then the mouse eats the cow. If someone is red and they visit the mouse then the mouse needs the cow. If someone needs the cow then the cow visits the cat. All round people are nice. If someone needs the cat and the cat visits the rabbit then they do not eat the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The cat eats the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "The cat is young. The cow is young. The cow visits the mouse. The mouse eats the cat. The mouse needs the cat. The mouse needs the rabbit. The mouse does not visit the cow. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is round. The rabbit does not need the cat. The rabbit visits the mouse. If someone eats the cat and they eat the cow then they do not need the mouse. If someone visits the cat then the cat eats the cow. All nice people are red. If the mouse needs the rabbit and the mouse eats the cat then the mouse eats the cow. If someone is red and they visit the mouse then the mouse needs the cow. If someone needs the cow then the cow visits the cat. All round people are nice. If someone needs the cat and the cat visits the rabbit then they do not eat the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The cat eats the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1332", + "question": "Anne is nice. Anne is quiet. Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Bob is white. Charlie is big. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. If someone is nice and smart then they are big. Quiet, white people are smart. If someone is cold then they are smart. Big, quiet people are nice. If Charlie is nice then Charlie is blue. All big people are nice. Nice people are cold. If someone is white then they are smart.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Anne is quiet. Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Bob is white. Charlie is big. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. If someone is nice and smart then they are big. Quiet, white people are smart. If someone is cold then they are smart. Big, quiet people are nice. If Charlie is nice then Charlie is blue. All big people are nice. Nice people are cold. If someone is white then they are smart.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-1270", + "question": "Bob is cold. Dave is kind. Dave is young. Gary is big. Gary is cold. Gary is white. Gary is young. Harry is cold. Harry is kind. Harry is white. Harry is young. Smart, young people are furry. All kind, furry people are big. Smart, big people are furry. All white, kind people are young. If someone is furry and big then they are cold. If someone is big then they are furry. All cold, smart people are big. All young people are smart. All cold, young people are white.\n\nQuestion: Gary is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Dave is kind. Dave is young. Gary is big. Gary is cold. Gary is white. Gary is young. Harry is cold. Harry is kind. Harry is white. Harry is young. Smart, young people are furry. All kind, furry people are big. Smart, big people are furry. All white, kind people are young. If someone is furry and big then they are cold. If someone is big then they are furry. All cold, smart people are big. All young people are smart. All cold, young people are white.", + "original_question": "Gary is white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-1150", + "question": "Anne is furry. Anne is kind. Anne is white. Bob is quiet. Charlie is furry. Charlie is kind. Fiona is not young. Smart people are white. If Bob is smart and Bob is quiet then Bob is not red. Smart people are young. If someone is furry and quiet then they are not young. If someone is young and not red then they are furry. All quiet people are not furry. If Charlie is not kind and Charlie is not white then Charlie is young. If Fiona is not red and Fiona is not white then Fiona is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Bob is furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Anne is kind. Anne is white. Bob is quiet. Charlie is furry. Charlie is kind. Fiona is not young. Smart people are white. If Bob is smart and Bob is quiet then Bob is not red. Smart people are young. If someone is furry and quiet then they are not young. If someone is young and not red then they are furry. All quiet people are not furry. If Charlie is not kind and Charlie is not white then Charlie is young. If Fiona is not red and Fiona is not white then Fiona is quiet.", + "original_question": "Bob is furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-1695", + "question": "The mouse is round. If something is round and young then it is kind. Round things are young. If something is red and kind then it is round. All red things are kind. If something is red and round then it is young. If the mouse is round and the mouse is young then the mouse is red.\n\nQuestion: The mouse is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The mouse is round. If something is round and young then it is kind. Round things are young. If something is red and kind then it is round. All red things are kind. If something is red and round then it is young. If the mouse is round and the mouse is young then the mouse is red.", + "original_question": "The mouse is round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-847", + "question": "The lion chases the squirrel. The lion is not big. The lion is rough. The lion visits the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. The mouse visits the lion. The mouse visits the squirrel. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is young. The squirrel needs the lion. The squirrel visits the lion. The squirrel visits the mouse. If something chases the squirrel then the squirrel chases the mouse. If something chases the mouse then it needs the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel does not need the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The lion chases the squirrel. The lion is not big. The lion is rough. The lion visits the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. The mouse visits the lion. The mouse visits the squirrel. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is young. The squirrel needs the lion. The squirrel visits the lion. The squirrel visits the mouse. If something chases the squirrel then the squirrel chases the mouse. If something chases the mouse then it needs the mouse.", + "original_question": "The squirrel does not need the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-5", + "question": "The cow visits the squirrel. The lion is rough. The squirrel likes the tiger. The tiger visits the cow. If something is young and it chases the lion then it likes the squirrel. If something is cold then it likes the cow. If something likes the cow then it likes the tiger. If something is rough then it chases the squirrel. If something visits the cow then it is cold. If the cow does not like the tiger then the cow chases the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The tiger is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow visits the squirrel. The lion is rough. The squirrel likes the tiger. The tiger visits the cow. If something is young and it chases the lion then it likes the squirrel. If something is cold then it likes the cow. If something likes the cow then it likes the tiger. If something is rough then it chases the squirrel. If something visits the cow then it is cold. If the cow does not like the tiger then the cow chases the tiger.", + "original_question": "The tiger is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-427", + "question": "Bob is kind. Gary is young. Harry is nice. If Gary is cold and Gary is not blue then Gary is nice. If something is nice then it is young. If something is young then it is smart.\n\nQuestion: Harry is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Gary is young. Harry is nice. If Gary is cold and Gary is not blue then Gary is nice. If something is nice then it is young. If something is young then it is smart.", + "original_question": "Harry is smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-504", + "question": "The cow is green. The cow is nice. The cow likes the lion. The cow needs the tiger. The cow sees the lion. The cow sees the tiger. The lion likes the cow. The lion does not need the cow. The tiger is cold. The tiger likes the cow. The tiger sees the cow. The tiger sees the lion. If someone needs the cow and the cow is green then they like the cow. If someone needs the tiger then the tiger is blue. If the lion is kind and the lion sees the cow then the lion needs the cow. If the tiger does not see the lion then the lion needs the cow. Blue people are nice. If someone is nice then they need the cow. If someone is cold and they do not like the tiger then they do not see the tiger. If someone needs the tiger and they do not like the cow then the tiger is cold.\n\nQuestion: The tiger does not need the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The cow is green. The cow is nice. The cow likes the lion. The cow needs the tiger. The cow sees the lion. The cow sees the tiger. The lion likes the cow. The lion does not need the cow. The tiger is cold. The tiger likes the cow. The tiger sees the cow. The tiger sees the lion. If someone needs the cow and the cow is green then they like the cow. If someone needs the tiger then the tiger is blue. If the lion is kind and the lion sees the cow then the lion needs the cow. If the tiger does not see the lion then the lion needs the cow. Blue people are nice. If someone is nice then they need the cow. If someone is cold and they do not like the tiger then they do not see the tiger. If someone needs the tiger and they do not like the cow then the tiger is cold.", + "original_question": "The tiger does not need the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-498", + "question": "Dave is furry. Dave is not kind. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is young. Erin is furry. Erin is not kind. Erin is nice. Erin is round. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. Fiona is white. If Fiona is not furry then Fiona is young. If Fiona is rough and Fiona is kind then Fiona is young. White, round people are rough. White, nice people are not kind. If someone is round and not furry then they are not nice. If someone is white then they are round. If Fiona is rough then Fiona is kind. If Erin is not kind then Erin is rough.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Dave is furry. Dave is not kind. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is young. Erin is furry. Erin is not kind. Erin is nice. Erin is round. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. Fiona is white. If Fiona is not furry then Fiona is young. If Fiona is rough and Fiona is kind then Fiona is young. White, round people are rough. White, nice people are not kind. If someone is round and not furry then they are not nice. If someone is white then they are round. If Fiona is rough then Fiona is kind. If Erin is not kind then Erin is rough.", + "original_question": "Fiona is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1232", + "question": "Anne is smart. Charlie is nice. Fiona is big. Harry is nice. If Anne is young then Anne is smart. If Fiona is quiet then Fiona is smart. If something is big then it is young. All quiet, smart things are young. If something is young then it is cold. Nice, young things are cold. If something is kind then it is not quiet. All cold things are kind.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is smart. Charlie is nice. Fiona is big. Harry is nice. If Anne is young then Anne is smart. If Fiona is quiet then Fiona is smart. If something is big then it is young. All quiet, smart things are young. If something is young then it is cold. Nice, young things are cold. If something is kind then it is not quiet. All cold things are kind.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-946", + "question": "The bear chases the rabbit. The bear is big. The mouse chases the squirrel. The mouse is round. The mouse visits the bear. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is round. The rabbit sees the bear. The squirrel chases the mouse. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel is round. The squirrel sees the rabbit. If something visits the bear then the bear is big. If the squirrel is rough then the squirrel is nice.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit sees the bear.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the rabbit. The bear is big. The mouse chases the squirrel. The mouse is round. The mouse visits the bear. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is round. The rabbit sees the bear. The squirrel chases the mouse. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel is round. The squirrel sees the rabbit. If something visits the bear then the bear is big. If the squirrel is rough then the squirrel is nice.", + "original_question": "The rabbit sees the bear." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-89", + "question": "The battery is flat. The switch is on. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The battery is flat.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The battery is flat. The switch is on. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The battery is flat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-29", + "question": "Bob is quiet. Charlie is furry. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is not red. Fiona is furry. Fiona is green. Fiona is quiet. If someone is furry then they are not red. Nice people are not green. Nice people are green. All nice people are not kind. All quiet people are kind. If someone is kind and quiet then they are furry. If Fiona is green then Fiona is not nice. Furry people are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is quiet. Charlie is furry. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is not red. Fiona is furry. Fiona is green. Fiona is quiet. If someone is furry then they are not red. Nice people are not green. Nice people are green. All nice people are not kind. All quiet people are kind. If someone is kind and quiet then they are furry. If Fiona is green then Fiona is not nice. Furry people are quiet.", + "original_question": "Fiona is furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-612", + "question": "The bear chases the cow. The bear chases the tiger. The bear eats the cow. The bear is blue. The bear is green. The bear needs the cow. The bear needs the tiger. The cow chases the bear. The cow chases the tiger. The cow eats the tiger. The cow needs the bear. The cow needs the tiger. The tiger eats the bear. The tiger eats the cow. The tiger does not need the cow. If something eats the tiger and the tiger chases the bear then the bear needs the cow. If something eats the tiger and it is young then it is blue. If something eats the bear and it chases the tiger then the tiger is young. If something chases the bear and it is nice then the bear is blue. If something chases the tiger then the tiger is nice. If the bear is green then the bear eats the cow. If the bear is not nice and the bear does not chase the cow then the bear eats the cow. If something needs the cow then the cow is young.\n\nQuestion: The cow is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the cow. The bear chases the tiger. The bear eats the cow. The bear is blue. The bear is green. The bear needs the cow. The bear needs the tiger. The cow chases the bear. The cow chases the tiger. The cow eats the tiger. The cow needs the bear. The cow needs the tiger. The tiger eats the bear. The tiger eats the cow. The tiger does not need the cow. If something eats the tiger and the tiger chases the bear then the bear needs the cow. If something eats the tiger and it is young then it is blue. If something eats the bear and it chases the tiger then the tiger is young. If something chases the bear and it is nice then the bear is blue. If something chases the tiger then the tiger is nice. If the bear is green then the bear eats the cow. If the bear is not nice and the bear does not chase the cow then the bear eats the cow. If something needs the cow then the cow is young.", + "original_question": "The cow is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-583", + "question": "The bald eagle is red. The cow is green. The cow likes the bald eagle. The cow likes the rabbit. The cow visits the bald eagle. The cow visits the rabbit. The rabbit likes the cow. The rabbit sees the tiger. The rabbit visits the tiger. The tiger is red. The tiger visits the cow. The tiger visits the rabbit. If something visits the rabbit then it is red. If something sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle visits the cow then it sees the cow. If something is red then it is kind. If the cow sees the tiger and the tiger sees the rabbit then the cow is green. If something is kind then it sees the bald eagle. If the rabbit is green then the rabbit is red. If something is red then it sees the rabbit. If something likes the cow and it likes the bald eagle then the cow sees the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit likes the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is red. The cow is green. The cow likes the bald eagle. The cow likes the rabbit. The cow visits the bald eagle. The cow visits the rabbit. The rabbit likes the cow. The rabbit sees the tiger. The rabbit visits the tiger. The tiger is red. The tiger visits the cow. The tiger visits the rabbit. If something visits the rabbit then it is red. If something sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle visits the cow then it sees the cow. If something is red then it is kind. If the cow sees the tiger and the tiger sees the rabbit then the cow is green. If something is kind then it sees the bald eagle. If the rabbit is green then the rabbit is red. If something is red then it sees the rabbit. If something likes the cow and it likes the bald eagle then the cow sees the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The rabbit likes the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-67", + "question": "That guy Alan sure is nice. Bob is round but he is also nice and kind. People that know Charlie will tell you he is rough and cold. But he can also be kind and red despite being blue because he is so young. That guy Harry sure is nice. People who are very nice and easily flush red are often wearing green concealer. If you're truly nice, cold, and blue, you're kind, too. Big, kind folks are green ones. Round people who are kind tend to be nice. Young and red people look round. A nice and green man or woman is also red in color.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "That guy Alan sure is nice. Bob is round but he is also nice and kind. People that know Charlie will tell you he is rough and cold. But he can also be kind and red despite being blue because he is so young. That guy Harry sure is nice. People who are very nice and easily flush red are often wearing green concealer. If you're truly nice, cold, and blue, you're kind, too. Big, kind folks are green ones. Round people who are kind tend to be nice. Young and red people look round. A nice and green man or woman is also red in color.", + "original_question": "Charlie is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-1248", + "question": "Bob is young. Erin is rough. Harry is red. All red people are young. If someone is young then they are not rough.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is young. Erin is rough. Harry is red. All red people are young. If someone is young then they are not rough.", + "original_question": "Harry is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-201", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Anne is quiet. Anne is rough. Anne is smart. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Harry is quiet. If something is blue then it is quiet. Big things are quiet. If something is rough and blue then it is big. If something is quiet and blue then it is big. Nice, big things are blue. All blue things are quiet. If something is cold then it is rough. Rough, big things are smart.\n\nQuestion: Dave is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Anne is quiet. Anne is rough. Anne is smart. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Harry is quiet. If something is blue then it is quiet. Big things are quiet. If something is rough and blue then it is big. If something is quiet and blue then it is big. Nice, big things are blue. All blue things are quiet. If something is cold then it is rough. Rough, big things are smart.", + "original_question": "Dave is big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1675", + "question": "Harry is cold. If something is smart and furry then it is red. Green, furry things are not red. All cold things are kind. If something is red and not green then it is kind. If Harry is quiet then Harry is red. If Harry is kind then Harry is quiet. All furry things are cold. Furry, green things are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Harry is cold. If something is smart and furry then it is red. Green, furry things are not red. All cold things are kind. If something is red and not green then it is kind. If Harry is quiet then Harry is red. If Harry is kind then Harry is quiet. All furry things are cold. Furry, green things are quiet.", + "original_question": "Harry is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-6997", + "question": "Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is round. All kind people are round. If Dave is white and Dave is big then Dave is rough.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is round. All kind people are round. If Dave is white and Dave is big then Dave is rough.", + "original_question": "Dave is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1301", + "question": "Bob is cold. Charlie is nice. Dave is smart. All nice, smart things are rough. Big things are cold. All red, rough things are big. Rough, nice things are red. If something is big and rough then it is green. All nice things are green. All nice things are big. Cold, big things are red.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Charlie is nice. Dave is smart. All nice, smart things are rough. Big things are cold. All red, rough things are big. Rough, nice things are red. If something is big and rough then it is green. All nice things are green. All nice things are big. Cold, big things are red.", + "original_question": "Charlie is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-2748", + "question": "Bob is young. Erin is round. Fiona is cold. If something is young then it is blue. If something is kind and round then it is young. All round things are cold. If something is rough then it is round. All quiet things are rough. Kind things are young.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is young. Erin is round. Fiona is cold. If something is young then it is blue. If something is kind and round then it is young. All round things are cold. If something is rough then it is round. All quiet things are rough. Kind things are young.", + "original_question": "Fiona is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-288", + "question": "For being so cold, it's good Alan can remain nice. Eric is young and green. This makes him cold to others. Fred is a kind person and he is also often cold. That guy Harry sure is nice. All those who are nice and big are red. If you come across a young, blue person you can count on them being nice to you. People who are said to be big and nice are round. People who are young are also blue. A kind person will certainly be young.\n\nQuestion: Eric is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "For being so cold, it's good Alan can remain nice. Eric is young and green. This makes him cold to others. Fred is a kind person and he is also often cold. That guy Harry sure is nice. All those who are nice and big are red. If you come across a young, blue person you can count on them being nice to you. People who are said to be big and nice are round. People who are young are also blue. A kind person will certainly be young.", + "original_question": "Eric is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-2334", + "question": "Bob is red. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Erin is cold. Erin is green. Erin is red. Erin is round. Erin is smart. All cold people are young. Cold people are furry. If someone is red and young then they are smart. If someone is round then they are furry. Young, smart people are cold. All furry people are red.\n\nQuestion: Erin is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is red. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Erin is cold. Erin is green. Erin is red. Erin is round. Erin is smart. All cold people are young. Cold people are furry. If someone is red and young then they are smart. If someone is round then they are furry. Young, smart people are cold. All furry people are red.", + "original_question": "Erin is round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-61", + "question": "The bear sees the mouse. The bear does not see the tiger. The bear visits the squirrel. The bear visits the tiger. The mouse does not eat the tiger. The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse visits the squirrel. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel visits the bear. The squirrel visits the mouse. The tiger eats the mouse. The tiger is big. The tiger sees the bear. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger does not visit the mouse. If something eats the squirrel then the squirrel is not green. If something sees the bear and the bear sees the mouse then it visits the tiger. If something sees the squirrel then it is not rough. If something is round and big then it sees the bear. If something visits the tiger then it sees the squirrel. If something visits the squirrel and it visits the tiger then the squirrel eats the mouse. If something visits the bear and it eats the mouse then the mouse sees the bear. If something eats the mouse and the mouse is not round then it is not cold.\n\nQuestion: The mouse visits the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear sees the mouse. The bear does not see the tiger. The bear visits the squirrel. The bear visits the tiger. The mouse does not eat the tiger. The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse visits the squirrel. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel visits the bear. The squirrel visits the mouse. The tiger eats the mouse. The tiger is big. The tiger sees the bear. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger does not visit the mouse. If something eats the squirrel then the squirrel is not green. If something sees the bear and the bear sees the mouse then it visits the tiger. If something sees the squirrel then it is not rough. If something is round and big then it sees the bear. If something visits the tiger then it sees the squirrel. If something visits the squirrel and it visits the tiger then the squirrel eats the mouse. If something visits the bear and it eats the mouse then the mouse sees the bear. If something eats the mouse and the mouse is not round then it is not cold.", + "original_question": "The mouse visits the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-774", + "question": "Charlie is nice. Charlie is smart. Dave is young. If someone is blue then they are kind. If Dave is kind then Dave is smart. If Charlie is young then Charlie is smart. If Charlie is blue then Charlie is not kind. If someone is young then they are blue. If someone is smart and not blue then they are red.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is nice. Charlie is smart. Dave is young. If someone is blue then they are kind. If Dave is kind then Dave is smart. If Charlie is young then Charlie is smart. If Charlie is blue then Charlie is not kind. If someone is young then they are blue. If someone is smart and not blue then they are red.", + "original_question": "Charlie is smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-5853", + "question": "The cow eats the lion. The cow eats the squirrel. The cow needs the lion. The cow visits the lion. The lion eats the cow. The lion is blue. The lion is young. The lion needs the squirrel. The lion visits the cow. The squirrel needs the cow. If someone needs the lion then they eat the squirrel. If someone is rough and they eat the cow then they need the lion. If someone needs the cow then they visit the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The lion eats the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow eats the lion. The cow eats the squirrel. The cow needs the lion. The cow visits the lion. The lion eats the cow. The lion is blue. The lion is young. The lion needs the squirrel. The lion visits the cow. The squirrel needs the cow. If someone needs the lion then they eat the squirrel. If someone is rough and they eat the cow then they need the lion. If someone needs the cow then they visit the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The lion eats the cow." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1503", + "question": "The bear eats the cow. The bear is cold. The bear is kind. The bear visits the dog. The cat eats the cow. The cat is big. The cat sees the cow. The cat sees the dog. The cat visits the bear. The cow eats the cat. The cow is big. The cow is cold. The cow sees the bear. The cow visits the cat. The dog is round. The dog visits the cat. If the cat visits the bear then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cow sees the cat. If the cow visits the cat and the cow sees the cat then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cat is round. If someone is nice then they visit the dog. If someone is round then they visit the cow. If someone eats the dog and they see the cat then the dog eats the cat. If someone sees the cat and the cat visits the cow then the cat sees the dog.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not see the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear eats the cow. The bear is cold. The bear is kind. The bear visits the dog. The cat eats the cow. The cat is big. The cat sees the cow. The cat sees the dog. The cat visits the bear. The cow eats the cat. The cow is big. The cow is cold. The cow sees the bear. The cow visits the cat. The dog is round. The dog visits the cat. If the cat visits the bear then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cow sees the cat. If the cow visits the cat and the cow sees the cat then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cat is round. If someone is nice then they visit the dog. If someone is round then they visit the cow. If someone eats the dog and they see the cat then the dog eats the cat. If someone sees the cat and the cat visits the cow then the cat sees the dog.", + "original_question": "The cow does not see the cat." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-648", + "question": "The cow is round. All kind people are young. If someone is round and red then they are young. If someone is young then they are round. If the cow is round and the cow is young then the cow is kind. Round people are red. All round, kind people are young.\n\nQuestion: The cow is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow is round. All kind people are young. If someone is round and red then they are young. If someone is young then they are round. If the cow is round and the cow is young then the cow is kind. Round people are red. All round, kind people are young.", + "original_question": "The cow is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-607", + "question": "Bob is furry. Bob is young. Charlie is nice. Charlie is not young. Erin is kind. Erin is not nice. Erin is not rough. Erin is young. Harry is kind. Harry is rough. If something is kind and big then it is nice. If something is kind and nice then it is white. If something is furry and young then it is rough. If Erin is rough then Erin is furry. If Erin is kind and Erin is nice then Erin is furry. If Charlie is furry and Charlie is nice then Charlie is not kind. Rough, young things are big. If something is furry and big then it is kind. If Bob is big and Bob is nice then Bob is kind.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is furry. Bob is young. Charlie is nice. Charlie is not young. Erin is kind. Erin is not nice. Erin is not rough. Erin is young. Harry is kind. Harry is rough. If something is kind and big then it is nice. If something is kind and nice then it is white. If something is furry and young then it is rough. If Erin is rough then Erin is furry. If Erin is kind and Erin is nice then Erin is furry. If Charlie is furry and Charlie is nice then Charlie is not kind. Rough, young things are big. If something is furry and big then it is kind. If Bob is big and Bob is nice then Bob is kind.", + "original_question": "Bob is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-2203", + "question": "Charlie is quiet. Charlie is rough. Charlie is young. Harry is blue. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. Harry is rough. If someone is red and quiet then they are kind. If someone is quiet then they are red.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is quiet. Charlie is rough. Charlie is young. Harry is blue. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. Harry is rough. If someone is red and quiet then they are kind. If someone is quiet then they are red.", + "original_question": "Charlie is kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-2620", + "question": "The bald eagle does not eat the cat. The bald eagle is not big. The bald eagle is not cold. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle is young. The bald eagle likes the cat. The bald eagle visits the cat. The cat eats the bald eagle. The cat is big. The cat is cold. The cat is not red. The cat is rough. The cat is young. The cat does not like the bald eagle. The cat visits the bald eagle. If the bald eagle visits the cat and the bald eagle does not like the cat then the bald eagle eats the cat. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle likes the cat then it does not eat the cat. If something likes the bald eagle then it is red. If something likes the cat then it visits the bald eagle. If something is rough and it does not like the cat then it visits the bald eagle. If something is big then it visits the bald eagle. If something eats the bald eagle and it visits the cat then the cat does not visit the bald eagle. If something visits the bald eagle and the bald eagle visits the cat then the bald eagle is young.\n\nQuestion: The cat is not red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle does not eat the cat. The bald eagle is not big. The bald eagle is not cold. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle is young. The bald eagle likes the cat. The bald eagle visits the cat. The cat eats the bald eagle. The cat is big. The cat is cold. The cat is not red. The cat is rough. The cat is young. The cat does not like the bald eagle. The cat visits the bald eagle. If the bald eagle visits the cat and the bald eagle does not like the cat then the bald eagle eats the cat. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle likes the cat then it does not eat the cat. If something likes the bald eagle then it is red. If something likes the cat then it visits the bald eagle. If something is rough and it does not like the cat then it visits the bald eagle. If something is big then it visits the bald eagle. If something eats the bald eagle and it visits the cat then the cat does not visit the bald eagle. If something visits the bald eagle and the bald eagle visits the cat then the bald eagle is young.", + "original_question": "The cat is not red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-598", + "question": "The bald eagle likes the dog. The bald eagle needs the lion. The bald eagle visits the dog. The bald eagle visits the lion. The dog is cold. The dog is not nice. The dog does not like the lion. The dog visits the lion. The dog visits the mouse. The lion likes the bald eagle. The lion visits the bald eagle. The lion visits the dog. The mouse likes the lion. The mouse does not visit the lion. If something is round then it visits the mouse. If something visits the mouse then it is cold. If something visits the dog and the dog needs the lion then the lion is round. If something is cold then it needs the lion. If the mouse does not visit the dog then the dog is green.\n\nQuestion: The lion is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle likes the dog. The bald eagle needs the lion. The bald eagle visits the dog. The bald eagle visits the lion. The dog is cold. The dog is not nice. The dog does not like the lion. The dog visits the lion. The dog visits the mouse. The lion likes the bald eagle. The lion visits the bald eagle. The lion visits the dog. The mouse likes the lion. The mouse does not visit the lion. If something is round then it visits the mouse. If something visits the mouse then it is cold. If something visits the dog and the dog needs the lion then the lion is round. If something is cold then it needs the lion. If the mouse does not visit the dog then the dog is green.", + "original_question": "The lion is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-1108", + "question": "The bear is not rough. The bear sees the lion. The bear visits the squirrel. The lion is rough. The lion sees the bear. The squirrel eats the lion. The squirrel is not red. If someone visits the squirrel then they visit the bear. If the squirrel sees the bear and the bear is cold then the bear does not visit the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The bear does not visit the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is not rough. The bear sees the lion. The bear visits the squirrel. The lion is rough. The lion sees the bear. The squirrel eats the lion. The squirrel is not red. If someone visits the squirrel then they visit the bear. If the squirrel sees the bear and the bear is cold then the bear does not visit the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The bear does not visit the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-16", + "question": "Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Fiona is blue. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Gary is cold. Gary is furry. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is smart. All round people are red. Rough people are round. All rough, blue people are cold. If someone is blue then they are rough. If someone is cold and smart then they are round. If Dave is rough and Dave is furry then Dave is cold.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Fiona is blue. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Gary is cold. Gary is furry. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is smart. All round people are red. Rough people are round. All rough, blue people are cold. If someone is blue then they are rough. If someone is cold and smart then they are round. If Dave is rough and Dave is furry then Dave is cold.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1338", + "question": "Fiona is big. Fiona is furry. Fiona is quiet. All furry things are nice. If something is quiet and furry then it is rough. If Fiona is big and Fiona is white then Fiona is quiet. If something is white then it is smart. If Fiona is nice then Fiona is big. If Fiona is rough then Fiona is white.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Fiona is big. Fiona is furry. Fiona is quiet. All furry things are nice. If something is quiet and furry then it is rough. If Fiona is big and Fiona is white then Fiona is quiet. If something is white then it is smart. If Fiona is nice then Fiona is big. If Fiona is rough then Fiona is white.", + "original_question": "Fiona is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-29", + "question": "Bob is quiet. Charlie is furry. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is not red. Fiona is furry. Fiona is green. Fiona is quiet. If someone is furry then they are not red. Nice people are not green. Nice people are green. All nice people are not kind. All quiet people are kind. If someone is kind and quiet then they are furry. If Fiona is green then Fiona is not nice. Furry people are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is quiet. Charlie is furry. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is not red. Fiona is furry. Fiona is green. Fiona is quiet. If someone is furry then they are not red. Nice people are not green. Nice people are green. All nice people are not kind. All quiet people are kind. If someone is kind and quiet then they are furry. If Fiona is green then Fiona is not nice. Furry people are quiet.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-884", + "question": "Anne is big. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Harry is big. Harry is cold. Harry is furry. Harry is white. Rough things are white. Furry, blue things are rough. All rough, white things are round. White, cold things are rough. All big things are rough. If Erin is white and Erin is rough then Erin is big. If something is furry and blue then it is round. If something is white and big then it is furry.\n\nQuestion: Erin is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Harry is big. Harry is cold. Harry is furry. Harry is white. Rough things are white. Furry, blue things are rough. All rough, white things are round. White, cold things are rough. All big things are rough. If Erin is white and Erin is rough then Erin is big. If something is furry and blue then it is round. If something is white and big then it is furry.", + "original_question": "Erin is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-1897", + "question": "Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is green. Erin is not nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is rough. Erin is young. All furry, quiet people are not nice. If someone is young then they are not nice. If someone is nice then they are not cold.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is green. Erin is not nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is rough. Erin is young. All furry, quiet people are not nice. If someone is young then they are not nice. If someone is nice then they are not cold.", + "original_question": "Erin is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-2256", + "question": "Dave is cold. Erin is big. All cold people are big. If someone is young then they are cold. Blue, rough people are young. All big people are cold. If someone is big then they are rough. If someone is cold then they are kind.\n\nQuestion: Erin is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is cold. Erin is big. All cold people are big. If someone is young then they are cold. Blue, rough people are young. All big people are cold. If someone is big then they are rough. If someone is cold then they are kind.", + "original_question": "Erin is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-405", + "question": "Alan is a cold and round man who has red and green skin. Dave is green to the job, which is why he turned blue from being so cold. Fred seems to be round. A person who is cold and blue is nice. It seems that a cold person who is round and nice will be green. A nice young person who is big can be considered round. You'll always find rough, cold, green people to also be red people. People that are green and big while also being cold are always nice. Count on anyone you meet who is big, round, and red also being kind. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough.\n\nQuestion: Dave is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Alan is a cold and round man who has red and green skin. Dave is green to the job, which is why he turned blue from being so cold. Fred seems to be round. A person who is cold and blue is nice. It seems that a cold person who is round and nice will be green. A nice young person who is big can be considered round. You'll always find rough, cold, green people to also be red people. People that are green and big while also being cold are always nice. Count on anyone you meet who is big, round, and red also being kind. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough.", + "original_question": "Dave is nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-439", + "question": "The bald eagle is round. The mouse eats the squirrel. The mouse is cold. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the squirrel. The rabbit sees the mouse. The rabbit does not visit the bald eagle. The squirrel is not big. The squirrel does not visit the bald eagle. The squirrel visits the rabbit. If something sees the rabbit then it visits the bald eagle. If the mouse sees the rabbit and the rabbit is blue then the mouse is blue. If something is cold then it sees the rabbit. If something visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is cold. If something visits the rabbit then the rabbit sees the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit does not see the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is round. The mouse eats the squirrel. The mouse is cold. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the squirrel. The rabbit sees the mouse. The rabbit does not visit the bald eagle. The squirrel is not big. The squirrel does not visit the bald eagle. The squirrel visits the rabbit. If something sees the rabbit then it visits the bald eagle. If the mouse sees the rabbit and the rabbit is blue then the mouse is blue. If something is cold then it sees the rabbit. If something visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is cold. If something visits the rabbit then the rabbit sees the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The rabbit does not see the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-241", + "question": "The young person who is always feeling cold is named Bob. For as cold as Charlie is around most people, I have found that he is very kind. Even if he is round, green and red. Fred, who is relatively young, is also pretty big and tends to be cold. Harry is green and cold too. When green, young and round fits a person, you'll see that rough will also fit. Nice people who are blue and round at the same time are always young. Kind, round people that are really feeling blue are going to always be big. A person who is kind and rough and blue is young. Nice people that are very green and even round shaped will be very young. Any red sort of person is a nice person.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The young person who is always feeling cold is named Bob. For as cold as Charlie is around most people, I have found that he is very kind. Even if he is round, green and red. Fred, who is relatively young, is also pretty big and tends to be cold. Harry is green and cold too. When green, young and round fits a person, you'll see that rough will also fit. Nice people who are blue and round at the same time are always young. Kind, round people that are really feeling blue are going to always be big. A person who is kind and rough and blue is young. Nice people that are very green and even round shaped will be very young. Any red sort of person is a nice person.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-1105", + "question": "Anne is green. Anne is red. Bob is big. Bob is red. Dave is green. Harry is blue. Harry is green. Furry, big things are red. If something is big then it is rough. If something is blue then it is nice. If something is nice then it is furry. If something is rough then it is blue. If something is nice and furry then it is green.\n\nQuestion: Harry is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is green. Anne is red. Bob is big. Bob is red. Dave is green. Harry is blue. Harry is green. Furry, big things are red. If something is big then it is rough. If something is blue then it is nice. If something is nice then it is furry. If something is rough then it is blue. If something is nice and furry then it is green.", + "original_question": "Harry is nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-1804", + "question": "The mouse needs the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit needs the tiger. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger needs the rabbit. Nice things are blue. If something chases the mouse then the mouse is young. If something needs the tiger then it chases the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not need the rabbit.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The mouse needs the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit needs the tiger. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger needs the rabbit. Nice things are blue. If something chases the mouse then the mouse is young. If something needs the tiger then it chases the mouse.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not need the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-625", + "question": "The bear eats the squirrel. The bear is nice. The bear is round. The bear needs the squirrel. The cow does not eat the tiger. The cow is cold. The cow needs the tiger. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel does not see the bear. The squirrel sees the tiger. The tiger needs the bear. If the squirrel is blue then the squirrel sees the tiger. If someone sees the tiger then they need the cow. If someone eats the tiger and they are not blue then they eat the cow. If someone needs the cow then they eat the bear. If someone is cold then they see the tiger. If someone needs the cow then they see the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel does not see the bear.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear eats the squirrel. The bear is nice. The bear is round. The bear needs the squirrel. The cow does not eat the tiger. The cow is cold. The cow needs the tiger. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel does not see the bear. The squirrel sees the tiger. The tiger needs the bear. If the squirrel is blue then the squirrel sees the tiger. If someone sees the tiger then they need the cow. If someone eats the tiger and they are not blue then they eat the cow. If someone needs the cow then they eat the bear. If someone is cold then they see the tiger. If someone needs the cow then they see the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The squirrel does not see the bear." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-357", + "question": "The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle needs the cat. The bald eagle needs the squirrel. The bald eagle sees the squirrel. The cat eats the squirrel. The cow eats the cat. The cow eats the squirrel. The cow needs the bald eagle. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the cat. The cow sees the squirrel. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel is red. The squirrel needs the cat. If something is green then it eats the cat. If something sees the cow then it sees the cat. If something sees the squirrel then it is green. If something sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle is young then the bald eagle is big. If something needs the cat and it eats the cat then the cat sees the squirrel. If something is red and it eats the cat then it sees the bald eagle. If something needs the bald eagle then it needs the squirrel. If the bald eagle is red and the bald eagle sees the cow then the cow is young.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle eats the cat.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle needs the cat. The bald eagle needs the squirrel. The bald eagle sees the squirrel. The cat eats the squirrel. The cow eats the cat. The cow eats the squirrel. The cow needs the bald eagle. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the cat. The cow sees the squirrel. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel is red. The squirrel needs the cat. If something is green then it eats the cat. If something sees the cow then it sees the cat. If something sees the squirrel then it is green. If something sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle is young then the bald eagle is big. If something needs the cat and it eats the cat then the cat sees the squirrel. If something is red and it eats the cat then it sees the bald eagle. If something needs the bald eagle then it needs the squirrel. If the bald eagle is red and the bald eagle sees the cow then the cow is young.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle eats the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1537", + "question": "Anne is green. Charlie is green. Erin is smart. White things are not young. All green things are blue. If something is young and not smart then it is blue. If something is round and blue then it is green. All smart, young things are green. All blue things are white.\n\nQuestion: Erin is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is green. Charlie is green. Erin is smart. White things are not young. All green things are blue. If something is young and not smart then it is blue. If something is round and blue then it is green. All smart, young things are green. All blue things are white.", + "original_question": "Erin is smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-1738", + "question": "Anne is nice. Anne is not round. Anne is young. Bob is not green. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is white. Gary is green. Gary is nice. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is white. Gary is young. Harry is rough. Harry is round. If someone is rough and red then they are young. If someone is rough and round then they are red. If Bob is white then Bob is rough.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Anne is not round. Anne is young. Bob is not green. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is white. Gary is green. Gary is nice. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is white. Gary is young. Harry is rough. Harry is round. If someone is rough and red then they are young. If someone is rough and round then they are red. If Bob is white then Bob is rough.", + "original_question": "Bob is not red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-2519", + "question": "The cat eats the dog. The cat is not green. The cat is young. The cow chases the cat. The cow chases the dog. The cow eats the dog. The cow is green. The cow is nice. The dog chases the cat. The dog eats the cat. The dog eats the cow. The dog is green. If something chases the cow then the cow is not big. If the cat is nice and the cat needs the cow then the cow does not chase the cat. If something is green and it chases the cat then it eats the cat. If the cat does not chase the dog and the cat does not need the cow then the dog is big. If something needs the cow then the cow does not chase the dog. If something needs the cow then the cow is green. If something eats the cow and it is not big then the cow is nice. If something is green and it does not chase the cat then it needs the dog.\n\nQuestion: The cow eats the cat.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the dog. The cat is not green. The cat is young. The cow chases the cat. The cow chases the dog. The cow eats the dog. The cow is green. The cow is nice. The dog chases the cat. The dog eats the cat. The dog eats the cow. The dog is green. If something chases the cow then the cow is not big. If the cat is nice and the cat needs the cow then the cow does not chase the cat. If something is green and it chases the cat then it eats the cat. If the cat does not chase the dog and the cat does not need the cow then the dog is big. If something needs the cow then the cow does not chase the dog. If something needs the cow then the cow is green. If something eats the cow and it is not big then the cow is nice. If something is green and it does not chase the cat then it needs the dog.", + "original_question": "The cow eats the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-864", + "question": "Bob is cold. Bob is green. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Erin is kind. Erin is quiet. Gary is cold. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is red. Harry is cold. Harry is red. All cold things are kind. If something is kind then it is green.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Bob is green. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Erin is kind. Erin is quiet. Gary is cold. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is red. Harry is cold. Harry is red. All cold things are kind. If something is kind then it is green.", + "original_question": "Gary is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-697", + "question": "Bob is young. Young people are nice. If someone is kind then they are young.\n\nQuestion: Bob is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is young. Young people are nice. If someone is kind then they are young.", + "original_question": "Bob is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-5495", + "question": "The cat chases the mouse. The cat is round. The cat likes the rabbit. The dog chases the cat. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog is round. The dog likes the cat. The dog visits the mouse. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit likes the dog. The rabbit visits the cat. The rabbit visits the mouse. All green things are nice.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat chases the mouse. The cat is round. The cat likes the rabbit. The dog chases the cat. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog is round. The dog likes the cat. The dog visits the mouse. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit likes the dog. The rabbit visits the cat. The rabbit visits the mouse. All green things are nice.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-521", + "question": "The dog eats the lion. The dog is blue. The dog is green. The dog is round. The dog likes the lion. The dog needs the lion. The lion does not eat the dog. The lion is big. The lion is green. The lion does not need the dog. If someone is round and green then they eat the dog. If someone likes the lion then they are green. If someone needs the lion and they eat the dog then the dog eats the lion. If someone eats the dog then the dog is red. If someone likes the dog then they are not red. If someone is red and they do not eat the lion then they are blue.\n\nQuestion: The dog is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The dog eats the lion. The dog is blue. The dog is green. The dog is round. The dog likes the lion. The dog needs the lion. The lion does not eat the dog. The lion is big. The lion is green. The lion does not need the dog. If someone is round and green then they eat the dog. If someone likes the lion then they are green. If someone needs the lion and they eat the dog then the dog eats the lion. If someone eats the dog then the dog is red. If someone likes the dog then they are not red. If someone is red and they do not eat the lion then they are blue.", + "original_question": "The dog is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-2942", + "question": "Bob is green. Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Dave is big. Erin is big. Erin is green. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Erin is not young. Harry is big. Harry is green. Harry is smart. Young things are not big. If something is round and young then it is big. If something is rough and big then it is green. Young, green things are rough. All rough, green things are smart. If something is rough and not green then it is smart.\n\nQuestion: Erin is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is green. Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Dave is big. Erin is big. Erin is green. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Erin is not young. Harry is big. Harry is green. Harry is smart. Young things are not big. If something is round and young then it is big. If something is rough and big then it is green. Young, green things are rough. All rough, green things are smart. If something is rough and not green then it is smart.", + "original_question": "Erin is smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-1357", + "question": "Bob is cold. Bob is green. Bob is red. Bob is round. Fiona is green. Fiona is smart. Gary is green. Gary is red. Harry is green. Harry is smart. All smart people are cold. If someone is red then they are rough. All nice, red people are green. All red, rough people are round. If someone is rough and round then they are smart. If Gary is smart and Gary is cold then Gary is nice. Green, smart people are red.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Bob is green. Bob is red. Bob is round. Fiona is green. Fiona is smart. Gary is green. Gary is red. Harry is green. Harry is smart. All smart people are cold. If someone is red then they are rough. All nice, red people are green. All red, rough people are round. If someone is rough and round then they are smart. If Gary is smart and Gary is cold then Gary is nice. Green, smart people are red.", + "original_question": "Harry is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-498", + "question": "Dave is furry. Dave is not kind. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is young. Erin is furry. Erin is not kind. Erin is nice. Erin is round. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. Fiona is white. If Fiona is not furry then Fiona is young. If Fiona is rough and Fiona is kind then Fiona is young. White, round people are rough. White, nice people are not kind. If someone is round and not furry then they are not nice. If someone is white then they are round. If Fiona is rough then Fiona is kind. If Erin is not kind then Erin is rough.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is furry. Dave is not kind. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is young. Erin is furry. Erin is not kind. Erin is nice. Erin is round. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. Fiona is white. If Fiona is not furry then Fiona is young. If Fiona is rough and Fiona is kind then Fiona is young. White, round people are rough. White, nice people are not kind. If someone is round and not furry then they are not nice. If someone is white then they are round. If Fiona is rough then Fiona is kind. If Erin is not kind then Erin is rough.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1101", + "question": "Bob is white. Erin is nice. Harry is round. Round people are nice. All kind, round people are nice. Kind people are not white. All blue people are not white. Nice, smart people are blue. Smart people are round. If someone is blue and white then they are kind. All nice people are smart.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Bob is white. Erin is nice. Harry is round. Round people are nice. All kind, round people are nice. Kind people are not white. All blue people are not white. Nice, smart people are blue. Smart people are round. If someone is blue and white then they are kind. All nice people are smart.", + "original_question": "Harry is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-943", + "question": "Anne is nice. Anne is red. Anne is young. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. All young people are nice. If someone is round and not smart then they are nice. If someone is round then they are young. If someone is furry and not rough then they are young. If Anne is not rough then Anne is young. All round, nice people are furry.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Anne is red. Anne is young. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. All young people are nice. If someone is round and not smart then they are nice. If someone is round then they are young. If someone is furry and not rough then they are young. If Anne is not rough then Anne is young. All round, nice people are furry.", + "original_question": "Charlie is smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-2157", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Charlie is blue. Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is rough. Charlie is smart. Fiona is cold. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is rough. Fiona is white. Gary is cold. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is white. If someone is green then they are cold. All green, quiet people are rough.\n\nQuestion: Gary is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Charlie is blue. Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is rough. Charlie is smart. Fiona is cold. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is rough. Fiona is white. Gary is cold. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is white. If someone is green then they are cold. All green, quiet people are rough.", + "original_question": "Gary is cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-4550", + "question": "The bald eagle visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the bald eagle. The rabbit visits the bald eagle. If something chases the bald eagle and it visits the bald eagle then it sees the bald eagle. If something sees the rabbit then the rabbit chases the bald eagle. If something is red and it chases the rabbit then the rabbit is big.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit visits the bald eagle.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the bald eagle. The rabbit visits the bald eagle. If something chases the bald eagle and it visits the bald eagle then it sees the bald eagle. If something sees the rabbit then the rabbit chases the bald eagle. If something is red and it chases the rabbit then the rabbit is big.", + "original_question": "The rabbit visits the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-2273", + "question": "The rabbit chases the squirrel. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is red. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is round. The rabbit likes the squirrel. The rabbit needs the squirrel. The squirrel chases the rabbit. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is red. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel is round. The squirrel likes the rabbit. The squirrel needs the rabbit. If someone is kind and they chase the squirrel then the squirrel likes the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The rabbit chases the squirrel. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is red. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is round. The rabbit likes the squirrel. The rabbit needs the squirrel. The squirrel chases the rabbit. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is red. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel is round. The squirrel likes the rabbit. The squirrel needs the rabbit. If someone is kind and they chase the squirrel then the squirrel likes the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-5925", + "question": "Charlie is smart. Gary is red. Cold, rough things are nice. If something is smart then it is big.\n\nQuestion: Gary is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is smart. Gary is red. Cold, rough things are nice. If something is smart then it is big.", + "original_question": "Gary is red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1197", + "question": "The dog is rough. The lion visits the dog. The rabbit likes the dog. Big things are green. If something visits the dog then it visits the rabbit. If something is rough and it likes the lion then the lion visits the dog. If something visits the rabbit then the rabbit is big. If something sees the lion and the lion is green then it visits the dog. If something visits the lion then the lion likes the dog. If something visits the dog then it sees the rabbit. If the rabbit likes the lion then the lion is big.\n\nQuestion: The lion visits the rabbit.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The dog is rough. The lion visits the dog. The rabbit likes the dog. Big things are green. If something visits the dog then it visits the rabbit. If something is rough and it likes the lion then the lion visits the dog. If something visits the rabbit then the rabbit is big. If something sees the lion and the lion is green then it visits the dog. If something visits the lion then the lion likes the dog. If something visits the dog then it sees the rabbit. If the rabbit likes the lion then the lion is big.", + "original_question": "The lion visits the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-375", + "question": "The cat eats the tiger. The cat is round. The cat needs the tiger. The tiger chases the cat. The tiger eats the cat. The tiger is young. The tiger needs the cat. If someone chases the cat and they are big then they need the tiger. If someone is round and they need the tiger then the tiger is big. If someone needs the cat then they eat the cat. If someone is round then they are not young. If the cat is green then the cat is big. If the tiger chases the cat then the cat needs the tiger. If someone chases the cat and they need the tiger then they eat the tiger. If someone is round and they chase the tiger then the tiger eats the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cat needs the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the tiger. The cat is round. The cat needs the tiger. The tiger chases the cat. The tiger eats the cat. The tiger is young. The tiger needs the cat. If someone chases the cat and they are big then they need the tiger. If someone is round and they need the tiger then the tiger is big. If someone needs the cat then they eat the cat. If someone is round then they are not young. If the cat is green then the cat is big. If the tiger chases the cat then the cat needs the tiger. If someone chases the cat and they need the tiger then they eat the tiger. If someone is round and they chase the tiger then the tiger eats the cat.", + "original_question": "The cat needs the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1442", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle sees the lion. The cow chases the lion. The cow is big. The cow is nice. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the lion. The lion chases the bald eagle. The lion is cold. The lion is green. The lion is nice. If something eats the cow and the cow sees the bald eagle then it is big. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the cow. If something is big then it sees the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not see the bald eagle.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle sees the lion. The cow chases the lion. The cow is big. The cow is nice. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the lion. The lion chases the bald eagle. The lion is cold. The lion is green. The lion is nice. If something eats the cow and the cow sees the bald eagle then it is big. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the cow. If something is big then it sees the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not see the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-841", + "question": "The tiger is green. If someone is green then they are rough. If someone is green and blue then they are big. If someone is rough then they are blue. If someone is green and rough then they are young. Green, rough people are blue. If someone is rough then they are blue.\n\nQuestion: The tiger is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The tiger is green. If someone is green then they are rough. If someone is green and blue then they are big. If someone is rough then they are blue. If someone is green and rough then they are young. Green, rough people are blue. If someone is rough then they are blue.", + "original_question": "The tiger is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-2242", + "question": "The cow does not eat the lion. The cow is green. The cow does not need the lion. The cow visits the lion. The lion eats the cow. The lion is big. The lion is cold. The lion is green. The lion needs the cow. The lion does not visit the cow. If the lion is blue and the lion does not need the cow then the lion visits the cow. If something visits the lion and it is not cold then it needs the lion. If something is green then it is big. If something needs the lion then the lion is not green. If the lion is rough and the lion does not visit the cow then the cow does not need the lion. If something visits the cow and the cow does not need the lion then it eats the lion.\n\nQuestion: The cow is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow does not eat the lion. The cow is green. The cow does not need the lion. The cow visits the lion. The lion eats the cow. The lion is big. The lion is cold. The lion is green. The lion needs the cow. The lion does not visit the cow. If the lion is blue and the lion does not need the cow then the lion visits the cow. If something visits the lion and it is not cold then it needs the lion. If something is green then it is big. If something needs the lion then the lion is not green. If the lion is rough and the lion does not visit the cow then the cow does not need the lion. If something visits the cow and the cow does not need the lion then it eats the lion.", + "original_question": "The cow is not big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-1579", + "question": "The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse is rough. The mouse is round. The mouse is young. The mouse likes the tiger. The mouse sees the tiger. The mouse visits the tiger. The tiger is cold. The tiger is green. The tiger is rough. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger likes the mouse. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger visits the mouse. If something is young then it likes the tiger. If something is green and it sees the mouse then it is cold. If something is young and it likes the tiger then it sees the mouse. If the tiger sees the mouse then the mouse visits the tiger. If something is green then it sees the tiger. If something likes the mouse and the mouse visits the tiger then it is young. If something sees the mouse and it is round then it visits the mouse. If something is cold and it visits the tiger then it sees the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The tiger does not like the tiger.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse is rough. The mouse is round. The mouse is young. The mouse likes the tiger. The mouse sees the tiger. The mouse visits the tiger. The tiger is cold. The tiger is green. The tiger is rough. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger likes the mouse. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger visits the mouse. If something is young then it likes the tiger. If something is green and it sees the mouse then it is cold. If something is young and it likes the tiger then it sees the mouse. If the tiger sees the mouse then the mouse visits the tiger. If something is green then it sees the tiger. If something likes the mouse and the mouse visits the tiger then it is young. If something sees the mouse and it is round then it visits the mouse. If something is cold and it visits the tiger then it sees the mouse.", + "original_question": "The tiger does not like the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-406", + "question": "Bob is a round and rough around the edges, and he is also big. Charlie is green and cold too. Fred can be kind but he will talks so much his face turns blue. He is usually red and round other than that. Round people who feel blue and are green in color are often young in age. A very big person who is green but also red is a rough person. When green, young and round fits a person, you'll see that rough will also fit. Being young and cold also means you're green. Interesting that all round people are cold. A round person who is on the young side is also likely to treat people in a kind manner. A kind person will certainly be young.\n\nQuestion: Fred is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is a round and rough around the edges, and he is also big. Charlie is green and cold too. Fred can be kind but he will talks so much his face turns blue. He is usually red and round other than that. Round people who feel blue and are green in color are often young in age. A very big person who is green but also red is a rough person. When green, young and round fits a person, you'll see that rough will also fit. Being young and cold also means you're green. Interesting that all round people are cold. A round person who is on the young side is also likely to treat people in a kind manner. A kind person will certainly be young.", + "original_question": "Fred is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-289", + "question": "Anne is furry. Charlie is furry. Dave is not red. Gary is not white. All big, young people are white. Furry people are white. If someone is big and not young then they are red. White, furry people are red. Red people are not round. All red, big people are cold. All red people are furry. If Gary is white and Gary is not young then Gary is big.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Charlie is furry. Dave is not red. Gary is not white. All big, young people are white. Furry people are white. If someone is big and not young then they are red. White, furry people are red. Red people are not round. All red, big people are cold. All red people are furry. If Gary is white and Gary is not young then Gary is big.", + "original_question": "Charlie is white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1095", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is red. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Charlie is kind. Charlie is quiet. Erin is blue. If someone is green then they are nice. All big, green people are kind. If someone is red then they are green. All big people are red. If Charlie is red then Charlie is blue. All blue, nice people are kind.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is red. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Charlie is kind. Charlie is quiet. Erin is blue. If someone is green then they are nice. All big, green people are kind. If someone is red then they are green. All big people are red. If Charlie is red then Charlie is blue. All blue, nice people are kind.", + "original_question": "Charlie is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-189", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the squirrel. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle likes the squirrel. The cat chases the cow. The cat likes the bald eagle. The cat likes the squirrel. The cat sees the squirrel. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow chases the squirrel. The cow likes the cat. The squirrel chases the cat. The squirrel is kind. If someone chases the bald eagle then they are cold. If someone is rough then they like the cow. If the cow is cold then the cow is rough. If someone chases the cow and they are cold then they like the cat. If someone likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the squirrel then the squirrel chases the bald eagle. Kind people are rough. If someone likes the squirrel then they chase the cow. If the bald eagle is kind then the bald eagle sees the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not like the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the squirrel. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle likes the squirrel. The cat chases the cow. The cat likes the bald eagle. The cat likes the squirrel. The cat sees the squirrel. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow chases the squirrel. The cow likes the cat. The squirrel chases the cat. The squirrel is kind. If someone chases the bald eagle then they are cold. If someone is rough then they like the cow. If the cow is cold then the cow is rough. If someone chases the cow and they are cold then they like the cat. If someone likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the squirrel then the squirrel chases the bald eagle. Kind people are rough. If someone likes the squirrel then they chase the cow. If the bald eagle is kind then the bald eagle sees the cat.", + "original_question": "The cow does not like the cow." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-618", + "question": "The bear is young. The bear needs the cat. The cat chases the bear. The cat is big. The cat is kind. The cat is young. The cat needs the cow. The cow chases the bear. The cow chases the squirrel. The cow is nice. The cow is rough. The cow is young. The cow likes the cat. The cow likes the squirrel. The cow needs the cat. The squirrel needs the cat. If someone needs the cat and the cat needs the cow then they are young. If someone chases the squirrel and they chase the cat then the cat needs the squirrel. If someone is young then they are big.\n\nQuestion: The cat needs the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is young. The bear needs the cat. The cat chases the bear. The cat is big. The cat is kind. The cat is young. The cat needs the cow. The cow chases the bear. The cow chases the squirrel. The cow is nice. The cow is rough. The cow is young. The cow likes the cat. The cow likes the squirrel. The cow needs the cat. The squirrel needs the cat. If someone needs the cat and the cat needs the cow then they are young. If someone chases the squirrel and they chase the cat then the cat needs the squirrel. If someone is young then they are big.", + "original_question": "The cat needs the cow." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-367", + "question": "The cow sees the squirrel. The mouse does not chase the cow. The mouse eats the squirrel. The mouse is young. The mouse does not see the tiger. The squirrel chases the tiger. The squirrel eats the mouse. The tiger does not chase the mouse. The tiger eats the cow. The tiger eats the squirrel. The tiger is green. The tiger is young. If the cow sees the tiger then the tiger is nice. If someone eats the squirrel then the squirrel is big. If the mouse does not chase the cow then the cow chases the squirrel. If the cow is not young and the cow does not eat the tiger then the cow chases the squirrel. If someone is nice then they see the tiger. If the tiger chases the mouse then the tiger eats the squirrel. If someone chases the squirrel then they are nice.\n\nQuestion: The cow is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The cow sees the squirrel. The mouse does not chase the cow. The mouse eats the squirrel. The mouse is young. The mouse does not see the tiger. The squirrel chases the tiger. The squirrel eats the mouse. The tiger does not chase the mouse. The tiger eats the cow. The tiger eats the squirrel. The tiger is green. The tiger is young. If the cow sees the tiger then the tiger is nice. If someone eats the squirrel then the squirrel is big. If the mouse does not chase the cow then the cow chases the squirrel. If the cow is not young and the cow does not eat the tiger then the cow chases the squirrel. If someone is nice then they see the tiger. If the tiger chases the mouse then the tiger eats the squirrel. If someone chases the squirrel then they are nice.", + "original_question": "The cow is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-787", + "question": "Anne is big. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Gary is big. Gary is furry. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Harry is furry. All big, rough things are smart. Red, rough things are furry. Rough things are round. Smart things are white. Big things are smart. All white things are rough. If something is furry then it is round. Smart, round things are furry. Round things are red.\n\nQuestion: Anne is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Gary is big. Gary is furry. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Harry is furry. All big, rough things are smart. Red, rough things are furry. Rough things are round. Smart things are white. Big things are smart. All white things are rough. If something is furry then it is round. Smart, round things are furry. Round things are red.", + "original_question": "Anne is red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-611", + "question": "The lion eats the rabbit. The lion is green. The lion is nice. The lion is red. The lion is rough. The lion is round. The lion sees the rabbit. The lion visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the lion. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit visits the lion. If something is round then it visits the lion. If something is nice then it eats the rabbit. If something eats the rabbit then the rabbit sees the lion. If the rabbit visits the lion and the rabbit is red then the lion sees the rabbit. If something is nice and it eats the rabbit then it is round. If something is round then it visits the rabbit. If something is round and it visits the rabbit then the rabbit eats the lion. If something sees the rabbit and the rabbit is red then it is red.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not see the rabbit.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion eats the rabbit. The lion is green. The lion is nice. The lion is red. The lion is rough. The lion is round. The lion sees the rabbit. The lion visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the lion. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit visits the lion. If something is round then it visits the lion. If something is nice then it eats the rabbit. If something eats the rabbit then the rabbit sees the lion. If the rabbit visits the lion and the rabbit is red then the lion sees the rabbit. If something is nice and it eats the rabbit then it is round. If something is round then it visits the rabbit. If something is round and it visits the rabbit then the rabbit eats the lion. If something sees the rabbit and the rabbit is red then it is red.", + "original_question": "The lion does not see the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-1218", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is blue. Anne is quiet. Anne is red. Anne is rough. Anne is round. Anne is young. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Dave is young. Fiona is round. Gary is big. Gary is not round. Round things are big. If Dave is young and Dave is red then Dave is rough. All blue, big things are young. If something is young and not big then it is blue. All round things are blue. Young things are rough. All rough, big things are red. Young, red things are quiet. If something is red and not rough then it is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is blue. Anne is quiet. Anne is red. Anne is rough. Anne is round. Anne is young. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Dave is young. Fiona is round. Gary is big. Gary is not round. Round things are big. If Dave is young and Dave is red then Dave is rough. All blue, big things are young. If something is young and not big then it is blue. All round things are blue. Young things are rough. All rough, big things are red. Young, red things are quiet. If something is red and not rough then it is quiet.", + "original_question": "Fiona is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-1209", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is kind. Anne is not round. Charlie is cold. Charlie is smart. Fiona is big. Fiona is not kind. Fiona is red. Gary is big. Gary is smart. All kind things are furry. All cold things are furry. If Charlie is red then Charlie is big. If Charlie is red and Charlie is kind then Charlie is not round. All smart, furry things are red. All big things are red. Big, furry things are kind. If Gary is red and Gary is cold then Gary is furry.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is kind. Anne is not round. Charlie is cold. Charlie is smart. Fiona is big. Fiona is not kind. Fiona is red. Gary is big. Gary is smart. All kind things are furry. All cold things are furry. If Charlie is red then Charlie is big. If Charlie is red and Charlie is kind then Charlie is not round. All smart, furry things are red. All big things are red. Big, furry things are kind. If Gary is red and Gary is cold then Gary is furry.", + "original_question": "Charlie is kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-16", + "question": "Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Fiona is blue. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Gary is cold. Gary is furry. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is smart. All round people are red. Rough people are round. All rough, blue people are cold. If someone is blue then they are rough. If someone is cold and smart then they are round. If Dave is rough and Dave is furry then Dave is cold.\n\nQuestion: Dave is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Fiona is blue. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Gary is cold. Gary is furry. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is smart. All round people are red. Rough people are round. All rough, blue people are cold. If someone is blue then they are rough. If someone is cold and smart then they are round. If Dave is rough and Dave is furry then Dave is cold.", + "original_question": "Dave is smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-325", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle eats the cow. The bear eats the bald eagle. The bear is green. The cow chases the bear. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the bear. If someone sees the cow and they are not green then the cow is young. If the cow eats the bald eagle then the cow is not young. If someone chases the cow then the cow is not nice. If someone eats the bear then the bear chases the cow. If someone chases the cow then they eat the bear. If someone is red then they chase the bear.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not see the bald eagle.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle eats the cow. The bear eats the bald eagle. The bear is green. The cow chases the bear. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the bear. If someone sees the cow and they are not green then the cow is young. If the cow eats the bald eagle then the cow is not young. If someone chases the cow then the cow is not nice. If someone eats the bear then the bear chases the cow. If someone chases the cow then they eat the bear. If someone is red then they chase the bear.", + "original_question": "The cow does not see the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1197", + "question": "The dog is rough. The lion visits the dog. The rabbit likes the dog. Big things are green. If something visits the dog then it visits the rabbit. If something is rough and it likes the lion then the lion visits the dog. If something visits the rabbit then the rabbit is big. If something sees the lion and the lion is green then it visits the dog. If something visits the lion then the lion likes the dog. If something visits the dog then it sees the rabbit. If the rabbit likes the lion then the lion is big.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not see the rabbit.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The dog is rough. The lion visits the dog. The rabbit likes the dog. Big things are green. If something visits the dog then it visits the rabbit. If something is rough and it likes the lion then the lion visits the dog. If something visits the rabbit then the rabbit is big. If something sees the lion and the lion is green then it visits the dog. If something visits the lion then the lion likes the dog. If something visits the dog then it sees the rabbit. If the rabbit likes the lion then the lion is big.", + "original_question": "The lion does not see the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1330", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is white. Fiona is not big. Gary is big. Gary is nice. Harry is blue. Harry is rough. If something is big and not nice then it is white. Round, big things are white. If something is white then it is green. All blue, big things are green. All nice, big things are round. All big things are rough. If Harry is round and Harry is nice then Harry is not rough. If something is round then it is blue.\n\nQuestion: Gary is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is white. Fiona is not big. Gary is big. Gary is nice. Harry is blue. Harry is rough. If something is big and not nice then it is white. Round, big things are white. If something is white then it is green. All blue, big things are green. All nice, big things are round. All big things are rough. If Harry is round and Harry is nice then Harry is not rough. If something is round then it is blue.", + "original_question": "Gary is rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1753", + "question": "The bear eats the cat. The bear sees the cat. The cat eats the bear. The cat is red. The cat sees the rabbit. The rabbit eats the squirrel. The rabbit sees the squirrel. The squirrel eats the bear. The squirrel eats the cat. The squirrel visits the rabbit. If something sees the cat then the cat visits the squirrel. If something eats the squirrel and the squirrel is green then the squirrel does not visit the cat. If something is nice and it eats the squirrel then the squirrel visits the cat. If something is red and it visits the squirrel then it eats the cat. If the rabbit is not green and the rabbit does not see the bear then the rabbit visits the squirrel. If something visits the bear then the bear eats the rabbit. If the squirrel does not eat the rabbit then the rabbit visits the cat. If something visits the cat and it sees the squirrel then the cat does not eat the bear.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not visit the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bear eats the cat. The bear sees the cat. The cat eats the bear. The cat is red. The cat sees the rabbit. The rabbit eats the squirrel. The rabbit sees the squirrel. The squirrel eats the bear. The squirrel eats the cat. The squirrel visits the rabbit. If something sees the cat then the cat visits the squirrel. If something eats the squirrel and the squirrel is green then the squirrel does not visit the cat. If something is nice and it eats the squirrel then the squirrel visits the cat. If something is red and it visits the squirrel then it eats the cat. If the rabbit is not green and the rabbit does not see the bear then the rabbit visits the squirrel. If something visits the bear then the bear eats the rabbit. If the squirrel does not eat the rabbit then the rabbit visits the cat. If something visits the cat and it sees the squirrel then the cat does not eat the bear.", + "original_question": "The cat does not visit the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1566", + "question": "Bob is blue. Dave is kind. Erin is rough. Harry is white. If Bob is green then Bob is white. If someone is rough then they are green. If someone is green and kind then they are furry. If Harry is kind then Harry is smart. If Dave is kind then Dave is rough. If Erin is blue then Erin is rough.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Dave is kind. Erin is rough. Harry is white. If Bob is green then Bob is white. If someone is rough then they are green. If someone is green and kind then they are furry. If Harry is kind then Harry is smart. If Dave is kind then Dave is rough. If Erin is blue then Erin is rough.", + "original_question": "Dave is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-942", + "question": "Anne is red. Charlie is young. Erin is not young. Harry is white. If something is kind then it is young. All cold things are young. Red things are not young. If Harry is kind and Harry is nice then Harry is red. All white things are quiet. Quiet things are red.\n\nQuestion: Erin is young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is red. Charlie is young. Erin is not young. Harry is white. If something is kind then it is young. All cold things are young. Red things are not young. If Harry is kind and Harry is nice then Harry is red. All white things are quiet. Quiet things are red.", + "original_question": "Erin is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-524", + "question": "Bob is nice. Bob is not red. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Fiona is furry. Fiona is red. Fiona is white. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is not kind. Gary is red. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is not smart. If Harry is kind and Harry is red then Harry is not nice. If Gary is not nice then Gary is kind. If Harry is not kind and Harry is not red then Harry is furry. If something is red and not nice then it is blue. If something is furry and nice then it is not white. Blue things are white. If Bob is kind then Bob is not white. If Bob is not blue then Bob is kind.\n\nQuestion: Harry is nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is nice. Bob is not red. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Fiona is furry. Fiona is red. Fiona is white. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is not kind. Gary is red. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is not smart. If Harry is kind and Harry is red then Harry is not nice. If Gary is not nice then Gary is kind. If Harry is not kind and Harry is not red then Harry is furry. If something is red and not nice then it is blue. If something is furry and nice then it is not white. Blue things are white. If Bob is kind then Bob is not white. If Bob is not blue then Bob is kind.", + "original_question": "Harry is nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-1684", + "question": "The cow chases the rabbit. The cow eats the dog. The cow is red. The cow is round. The dog chases the cow. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog eats the mouse. The dog is kind. The mouse eats the cow. The rabbit does not chase the cow. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit is kind. If someone chases the cow then the cow eats the mouse. If the dog does not visit the cow then the dog is not round. If someone chases the cow then they chase the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not eat the dog.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow chases the rabbit. The cow eats the dog. The cow is red. The cow is round. The dog chases the cow. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog eats the mouse. The dog is kind. The mouse eats the cow. The rabbit does not chase the cow. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit is kind. If someone chases the cow then the cow eats the mouse. If the dog does not visit the cow then the dog is not round. If someone chases the cow then they chase the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The cow does not eat the dog." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-2942", + "question": "Bob is green. Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Dave is big. Erin is big. Erin is green. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Erin is not young. Harry is big. Harry is green. Harry is smart. Young things are not big. If something is round and young then it is big. If something is rough and big then it is green. Young, green things are rough. All rough, green things are smart. If something is rough and not green then it is smart.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is green. Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Dave is big. Erin is big. Erin is green. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Erin is not young. Harry is big. Harry is green. Harry is smart. Young things are not big. If something is round and young then it is big. If something is rough and big then it is green. Young, green things are rough. All rough, green things are smart. If something is rough and not green then it is smart.", + "original_question": "Erin is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-1227", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is round. Bob is blue. Bob is round. Charlie is blue. Charlie is nice. Gary is cold. If something is big and green then it is not round. Blue, nice things are round. If Bob is furry then Bob is green. All cold, blue things are furry. Nice things are big. All round, cold things are not green. Green, cold things are not nice. If something is cold then it is nice. Big things are blue.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is round. Bob is blue. Bob is round. Charlie is blue. Charlie is nice. Gary is cold. If something is big and green then it is not round. Blue, nice things are round. If Bob is furry then Bob is green. All cold, blue things are furry. Nice things are big. All round, cold things are not green. Green, cold things are not nice. If something is cold then it is nice. Big things are blue.", + "original_question": "Gary is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1537", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is nice. Dave is big. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is white. Dave is young. Gary is cold. Gary is rough. Gary is white. If Dave is white then Dave is cold. If Gary is cold then Gary is nice. Nice things are white. If Anne is young and Anne is nice then Anne is rough. All white, nice things are big. All big, blue things are rough.\n\nQuestion: Dave is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is nice. Dave is big. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is white. Dave is young. Gary is cold. Gary is rough. Gary is white. If Dave is white then Dave is cold. If Gary is cold then Gary is nice. Nice things are white. If Anne is young and Anne is nice then Anne is rough. All white, nice things are big. All big, blue things are rough.", + "original_question": "Dave is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-751", + "question": "Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Erin is furry. Erin is kind. Erin is nice. Erin is young. Gary is nice. Gary is young. Harry is furry. Harry is nice. Harry is quiet. Harry is smart. If something is kind and smart then it is nice. If Bob is young then Bob is kind. If something is nice and young then it is quiet. Young, kind things are quiet. If Bob is kind and Bob is smart then Bob is young. Furry things are young. If something is kind and nice then it is cold. All furry, quiet things are smart. Smart, nice things are furry.\n\nQuestion: Erin is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Erin is furry. Erin is kind. Erin is nice. Erin is young. Gary is nice. Gary is young. Harry is furry. Harry is nice. Harry is quiet. Harry is smart. If something is kind and smart then it is nice. If Bob is young then Bob is kind. If something is nice and young then it is quiet. Young, kind things are quiet. If Bob is kind and Bob is smart then Bob is young. Furry things are young. If something is kind and nice then it is cold. All furry, quiet things are smart. Smart, nice things are furry.", + "original_question": "Erin is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-415", + "question": "Bob is rough. Fiona is green. Harry is rough. Furry people are quiet. All furry people are quiet. All green people are quiet. If someone is quiet and cold then they are young. All young people are green. If someone is rough then they are furry. Green people are rough. All rough, furry people are cold.\n\nQuestion: Harry is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is rough. Fiona is green. Harry is rough. Furry people are quiet. All furry people are quiet. All green people are quiet. If someone is quiet and cold then they are young. All young people are green. If someone is rough then they are furry. Green people are rough. All rough, furry people are cold.", + "original_question": "Harry is furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-424", + "question": "The bald eagle is rough. The cow chases the bald eagle. If something likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something likes the cow and it is blue then it chases the bald eagle. If something eats the cow then it likes the bald eagle. If something is cold then it chases the bald eagle. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the cow.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle eats the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is rough. The cow chases the bald eagle. If something likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something likes the cow and it is blue then it chases the bald eagle. If something eats the cow then it likes the bald eagle. If something is cold then it chases the bald eagle. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the cow.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle eats the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-415", + "question": "Bob is rough. Fiona is green. Harry is rough. Furry people are quiet. All furry people are quiet. All green people are quiet. If someone is quiet and cold then they are young. All young people are green. If someone is rough then they are furry. Green people are rough. All rough, furry people are cold.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is rough. Fiona is green. Harry is rough. Furry people are quiet. All furry people are quiet. All green people are quiet. If someone is quiet and cold then they are young. All young people are green. If someone is rough then they are furry. Green people are rough. All rough, furry people are cold.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-561", + "question": "Bob is blue. Dave is nice. Dave is white. Erin is blue. Erin is white. Fiona is big. Fiona is not nice. Big things are furry. Blue, nice things are furry. If something is white and kind then it is blue. Furry, round things are blue. All white things are round. If something is furry then it is white. Round things are white. If something is blue then it is kind.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Dave is nice. Dave is white. Erin is blue. Erin is white. Fiona is big. Fiona is not nice. Big things are furry. Blue, nice things are furry. If something is white and kind then it is blue. Furry, round things are blue. All white things are round. If something is furry then it is white. Round things are white. If something is blue then it is kind.", + "original_question": "Fiona is white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-198", + "question": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Erin is round. Gary is cold. Gary is quiet. Gary is round. Gary is smart. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. Harry is round. If Gary is quiet then Gary is young. If someone is round then they are red. All quiet people are red. Round people are young. If someone is smart then they are kind. All kind people are red. If Gary is smart and Gary is kind then Gary is red. Quiet, young people are red.\n\nQuestion: Erin is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Erin is round. Gary is cold. Gary is quiet. Gary is round. Gary is smart. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. Harry is round. If Gary is quiet then Gary is young. If someone is round then they are red. All quiet people are red. Round people are young. If someone is smart then they are kind. All kind people are red. If Gary is smart and Gary is kind then Gary is red. Quiet, young people are red.", + "original_question": "Erin is round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-701", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the rabbit. The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse chases the tiger. The mouse likes the rabbit. The mouse sees the bald eagle. The rabbit chases the tiger. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is red. The rabbit likes the mouse. The rabbit likes the tiger. The tiger likes the bald eagle. If something likes the tiger then it sees the tiger. If something likes the rabbit and the rabbit is rough then the rabbit chases the bald eagle. If the tiger is rough and the tiger likes the mouse then the mouse likes the bald eagle. If something likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle is kind then the bald eagle sees the mouse. If the mouse sees the bald eagle then the mouse likes the rabbit. If something is kind and it likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle likes the tiger. If something likes the bald eagle then it is kind. If something sees the tiger then it is rough. If something is rough then it likes the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle sees the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the rabbit. The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse chases the tiger. The mouse likes the rabbit. The mouse sees the bald eagle. The rabbit chases the tiger. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is red. The rabbit likes the mouse. The rabbit likes the tiger. The tiger likes the bald eagle. If something likes the tiger then it sees the tiger. If something likes the rabbit and the rabbit is rough then the rabbit chases the bald eagle. If the tiger is rough and the tiger likes the mouse then the mouse likes the bald eagle. If something likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle is kind then the bald eagle sees the mouse. If the mouse sees the bald eagle then the mouse likes the rabbit. If something is kind and it likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle likes the tiger. If something likes the bald eagle then it is kind. If something sees the tiger then it is rough. If something is rough then it likes the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle sees the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-74", + "question": "Erin is white. Harry is round. Big people are young. If Harry is white and Harry is smart then Harry is big. All young people are round. If someone is white then they are big. If someone is big and white then they are smart. All young, white people are rough.\n\nQuestion: Erin is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Erin is white. Harry is round. Big people are young. If Harry is white and Harry is smart then Harry is big. All young people are round. If someone is white then they are big. If someone is big and white then they are smart. All young, white people are rough.", + "original_question": "Erin is big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1462", + "question": "The rabbit is green. If someone is nice then they are young. All nice people are young. Young people are not big. Young people are not big. If the rabbit is cold and the rabbit is not green then the rabbit is not big. If someone is cold and green then they are nice. All big, young people are nice. All green people are cold.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The rabbit is green. If someone is nice then they are young. All nice people are young. Young people are not big. Young people are not big. If the rabbit is cold and the rabbit is not green then the rabbit is not big. If someone is cold and green then they are nice. All big, young people are nice. All green people are cold.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-1298", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the mouse. The bear is rough. The mouse visits the bear. Red things are not rough. Rough, red things are not blue. If something chases the mouse then the mouse chases the bear. If something chases the mouse and the mouse is big then it visits the bear. If the bear likes the mouse and the bear is not red then the mouse chases the bald eagle. If something chases the bear then it is kind.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not chase the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the mouse. The bear is rough. The mouse visits the bear. Red things are not rough. Rough, red things are not blue. If something chases the mouse then the mouse chases the bear. If something chases the mouse and the mouse is big then it visits the bear. If the bear likes the mouse and the bear is not red then the mouse chases the bald eagle. If something chases the bear then it is kind.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not chase the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1269", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle eats the lion. The bald eagle likes the bear. The bald eagle sees the bear. The bear is cold. The bear is not kind. The bear is round. The bear likes the cat. The cat eats the bear. The cat eats the lion. The cat is cold. The cat is red. The cat likes the bear. The cat sees the bald eagle. The lion eats the bear. The lion is blue. If something eats the lion and it is not kind then the lion is not blue. If something is cold then it likes the bear. If something likes the lion then it is round. If something eats the bear and it sees the bald eagle then it likes the lion. If something sees the cat then the cat does not eat the lion. If something likes the bear and it is round then it likes the bald eagle. If something is cold and it does not like the bear then the bear is red. If something eats the bear and it is not blue then it eats the cat.\n\nQuestion: The bear does not like the bald eagle.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle eats the lion. The bald eagle likes the bear. The bald eagle sees the bear. The bear is cold. The bear is not kind. The bear is round. The bear likes the cat. The cat eats the bear. The cat eats the lion. The cat is cold. The cat is red. The cat likes the bear. The cat sees the bald eagle. The lion eats the bear. The lion is blue. If something eats the lion and it is not kind then the lion is not blue. If something is cold then it likes the bear. If something likes the lion then it is round. If something eats the bear and it sees the bald eagle then it likes the lion. If something sees the cat then the cat does not eat the lion. If something likes the bear and it is round then it likes the bald eagle. If something is cold and it does not like the bear then the bear is red. If something eats the bear and it is not blue then it eats the cat.", + "original_question": "The bear does not like the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-363", + "question": "Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is smart. Dave is kind. Erin is green. Erin is kind. Erin is quiet. Erin is smart. Harry is quiet. Harry is smart. If Dave is kind and Dave is quiet then Dave is smart. If Bob is round and Bob is not green then Bob is quiet. All smart people are kind. Smart, quiet people are nice. Kind people are quiet. If Harry is not kind and Harry is not smart then Harry is red. If someone is kind and not quiet then they are red. Smart, round people are red.\n\nQuestion: Harry is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is smart. Dave is kind. Erin is green. Erin is kind. Erin is quiet. Erin is smart. Harry is quiet. Harry is smart. If Dave is kind and Dave is quiet then Dave is smart. If Bob is round and Bob is not green then Bob is quiet. All smart people are kind. Smart, quiet people are nice. Kind people are quiet. If Harry is not kind and Harry is not smart then Harry is red. If someone is kind and not quiet then they are red. Smart, round people are red.", + "original_question": "Harry is kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-68", + "question": "The cow eats the lion. The cow is blue. The cow is cold. The cow is red. The cow is round. The cow is young. The cow sees the lion. The cow visits the lion. The lion eats the cow. The lion is blue. The lion is cold. The lion is red. The lion is round. The lion is young. The lion sees the cow. The lion visits the cow. If something eats the lion then the lion is young. If something eats the lion then it visits the lion. If something sees the lion and the lion is round then it is blue. If something is blue then it sees the lion. If something visits the cow then the cow sees the lion. If something sees the cow then it eats the lion. If something is round and red then it sees the lion. If something is blue and it sees the lion then the lion is red.\n\nQuestion: The lion eats the lion.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow eats the lion. The cow is blue. The cow is cold. The cow is red. The cow is round. The cow is young. The cow sees the lion. The cow visits the lion. The lion eats the cow. The lion is blue. The lion is cold. The lion is red. The lion is round. The lion is young. The lion sees the cow. The lion visits the cow. If something eats the lion then the lion is young. If something eats the lion then it visits the lion. If something sees the lion and the lion is round then it is blue. If something is blue then it sees the lion. If something visits the cow then the cow sees the lion. If something sees the cow then it eats the lion. If something is round and red then it sees the lion. If something is blue and it sees the lion then the lion is red.", + "original_question": "The lion eats the lion." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-4550", + "question": "The bald eagle visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the bald eagle. The rabbit visits the bald eagle. If something chases the bald eagle and it visits the bald eagle then it sees the bald eagle. If something sees the rabbit then the rabbit chases the bald eagle. If something is red and it chases the rabbit then the rabbit is big.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit does not visit the bald eagle.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the bald eagle. The rabbit visits the bald eagle. If something chases the bald eagle and it visits the bald eagle then it sees the bald eagle. If something sees the rabbit then the rabbit chases the bald eagle. If something is red and it chases the rabbit then the rabbit is big.", + "original_question": "The rabbit does not visit the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1108", + "question": "Bob is blue. Bob is round. Bob is white. All round people are big. All green, white people are nice. All big people are green.\n\nQuestion: Bob is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Bob is round. Bob is white. All round people are big. All green, white people are nice. All big people are green.", + "original_question": "Bob is big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-618", + "question": "Fiona is white. Gary is young. Harry is young. All kind people are not red. If someone is white then they are not nice. All red people are not nice. If Gary is nice then Gary is kind. If someone is nice and not red then they are young. If someone is white and not young then they are not rough.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Fiona is white. Gary is young. Harry is young. All kind people are not red. If someone is white then they are not nice. All red people are not nice. If Gary is nice then Gary is kind. If someone is nice and not red then they are young. If someone is white and not young then they are not rough.", + "original_question": "Fiona is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-624", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is nice. Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Fiona is cold. Gary is not cold. If someone is nice and cold then they are smart. If someone is nice and big then they are cold. Furry people are round.\n\nQuestion: Bob is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is nice. Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Fiona is cold. Gary is not cold. If someone is nice and cold then they are smart. If someone is nice and big then they are cold. Furry people are round.", + "original_question": "Bob is smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-841", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is furry. Anne is green. Bob is big. Bob is round. Erin is not green. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Harry is furry. If someone is nice then they are big. Kind, round people are not big. If someone is round and rough then they are nice. All furry people are nice. If Harry is round then Harry is green. If Bob is rough then Bob is nice. If someone is green then they are not kind. All furry, big people are not kind.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is furry. Anne is green. Bob is big. Bob is round. Erin is not green. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Harry is furry. If someone is nice then they are big. Kind, round people are not big. If someone is round and rough then they are nice. All furry people are nice. If Harry is round then Harry is green. If Bob is rough then Bob is nice. If someone is green then they are not kind. All furry, big people are not kind.", + "original_question": "Harry is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-1428", + "question": "The bear sees the lion. The lion visits the bear. If something sees the lion and it visits the bear then it chases the lion. If the bear sees the lion then the lion chases the bear.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not chase the bear.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bear sees the lion. The lion visits the bear. If something sees the lion and it visits the bear then it chases the lion. If the bear sees the lion then the lion chases the bear.", + "original_question": "The lion does not chase the bear." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-366", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is kind. Anne is nice. Anne is rough. Charlie is furry. Gary is kind. Gary is rough. If someone is smart and nice then they are white. If someone is blue and furry then they are kind. All furry people are white. All rough, kind people are smart. All white people are blue. If someone is smart then they are rough.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is kind. Anne is nice. Anne is rough. Charlie is furry. Gary is kind. Gary is rough. If someone is smart and nice then they are white. If someone is blue and furry then they are kind. All furry people are white. All rough, kind people are smart. All white people are blue. If someone is smart then they are rough.", + "original_question": "Charlie is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-3206", + "question": "Anne is nice. Anne is round. Anne is young. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. All young, cold people are round. All round people are smart.\n\nQuestion: Anne is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Anne is round. Anne is young. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. All young, cold people are round. All round people are smart.", + "original_question": "Anne is smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-755", + "question": "The bear chases the dog. The bear is big. The bear is rough. The bear sees the tiger. The dog chases the bear. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog is big. The dog is blue. The rabbit is red. The tiger chases the dog. If the rabbit visits the dog then the dog is red. If the dog chases the tiger and the dog is big then the tiger does not see the bear. If the tiger sees the rabbit then the rabbit does not chase the dog. If someone is young then they visit the dog. Red people are young. If someone is rough then they chase the bear.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not chase the bear.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the dog. The bear is big. The bear is rough. The bear sees the tiger. The dog chases the bear. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog is big. The dog is blue. The rabbit is red. The tiger chases the dog. If the rabbit visits the dog then the dog is red. If the dog chases the tiger and the dog is big then the tiger does not see the bear. If the tiger sees the rabbit then the rabbit does not chase the dog. If someone is young then they visit the dog. Red people are young. If someone is rough then they chase the bear.", + "original_question": "The dog does not chase the bear." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-5", + "question": "The cow visits the squirrel. The lion is rough. The squirrel likes the tiger. The tiger visits the cow. If something is young and it chases the lion then it likes the squirrel. If something is cold then it likes the cow. If something likes the cow then it likes the tiger. If something is rough then it chases the squirrel. If something visits the cow then it is cold. If the cow does not like the tiger then the cow chases the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The tiger is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow visits the squirrel. The lion is rough. The squirrel likes the tiger. The tiger visits the cow. If something is young and it chases the lion then it likes the squirrel. If something is cold then it likes the cow. If something likes the cow then it likes the tiger. If something is rough then it chases the squirrel. If something visits the cow then it is cold. If the cow does not like the tiger then the cow chases the tiger.", + "original_question": "The tiger is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-5280", + "question": "The lion likes the rabbit. The rabbit likes the tiger. The tiger is round. If something likes the tiger then the tiger likes the rabbit. If something needs the rabbit then it visits the tiger. If something needs the lion and it likes the rabbit then the lion likes the rabbit. If something is nice then it likes the rabbit. If something visits the tiger and it likes the lion then it likes the rabbit. If something likes the rabbit and it is kind then the rabbit is big.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not like the rabbit.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion likes the rabbit. The rabbit likes the tiger. The tiger is round. If something likes the tiger then the tiger likes the rabbit. If something needs the rabbit then it visits the tiger. If something needs the lion and it likes the rabbit then the lion likes the rabbit. If something is nice then it likes the rabbit. If something visits the tiger and it likes the lion then it likes the rabbit. If something likes the rabbit and it is kind then the rabbit is big.", + "original_question": "The lion does not like the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-4329", + "question": "The cat is red. The cat is rough. The mouse likes the cat. The mouse sees the cat. The mouse sees the squirrel. The mouse visits the cat. The rabbit is green. The rabbit does not like the mouse. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel likes the mouse. The squirrel likes the rabbit. The squirrel visits the cat. If something likes the rabbit and it is not red then it is not rough. If the mouse likes the squirrel then the mouse is green. If something likes the cat then the cat is not green. If something sees the squirrel and it visits the rabbit then it likes the squirrel. If the rabbit sees the squirrel and the mouse does not see the rabbit then the mouse sees the cat. If something is red then it visits the rabbit. If something visits the squirrel and it does not visit the mouse then the squirrel visits the rabbit. Red, round things are not young.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not see the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat is red. The cat is rough. The mouse likes the cat. The mouse sees the cat. The mouse sees the squirrel. The mouse visits the cat. The rabbit is green. The rabbit does not like the mouse. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel likes the mouse. The squirrel likes the rabbit. The squirrel visits the cat. If something likes the rabbit and it is not red then it is not rough. If the mouse likes the squirrel then the mouse is green. If something likes the cat then the cat is not green. If something sees the squirrel and it visits the rabbit then it likes the squirrel. If the rabbit sees the squirrel and the mouse does not see the rabbit then the mouse sees the cat. If something is red then it visits the rabbit. If something visits the squirrel and it does not visit the mouse then the squirrel visits the rabbit. Red, round things are not young.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not see the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-1020", + "question": "The bear is nice. The bear is young. The cat visits the mouse. The cow sees the cat. The cow visits the cat. The mouse eats the bear. The mouse eats the cat. The mouse sees the cat. The mouse sees the cow. The mouse visits the cat. If someone sees the cow then the cow visits the mouse. If someone is red then they visit the bear. If someone visits the cow then the cow is green. If someone eats the bear then the bear visits the cow. If the mouse visits the cow and the mouse is young then the mouse sees the cow. If someone visits the cat then the cat visits the bear. If the cow is big then the cow visits the mouse. If someone is red then they see the cat.\n\nQuestion: The mouse sees the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is nice. The bear is young. The cat visits the mouse. The cow sees the cat. The cow visits the cat. The mouse eats the bear. The mouse eats the cat. The mouse sees the cat. The mouse sees the cow. The mouse visits the cat. If someone sees the cow then the cow visits the mouse. If someone is red then they visit the bear. If someone visits the cow then the cow is green. If someone eats the bear then the bear visits the cow. If the mouse visits the cow and the mouse is young then the mouse sees the cow. If someone visits the cat then the cat visits the bear. If the cow is big then the cow visits the mouse. If someone is red then they see the cat.", + "original_question": "The mouse sees the cow." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-847", + "question": "The lion chases the squirrel. The lion is not big. The lion is rough. The lion visits the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. The mouse visits the lion. The mouse visits the squirrel. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is young. The squirrel needs the lion. The squirrel visits the lion. The squirrel visits the mouse. If something chases the squirrel then the squirrel chases the mouse. If something chases the mouse then it needs the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel needs the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The lion chases the squirrel. The lion is not big. The lion is rough. The lion visits the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. The mouse visits the lion. The mouse visits the squirrel. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is young. The squirrel needs the lion. The squirrel visits the lion. The squirrel visits the mouse. If something chases the squirrel then the squirrel chases the mouse. If something chases the mouse then it needs the mouse.", + "original_question": "The squirrel needs the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-1161", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the bear. The bald eagle eats the dog. The bald eagle is rough. The bear is blue. The bear is rough. The bear needs the bald eagle. The bear visits the mouse. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog eats the bear. The dog needs the bear. The dog needs the mouse. The dog visits the bear. The mouse is round. The mouse visits the bald eagle. The mouse visits the bear. If someone visits the bear then the bear eats the mouse. If the mouse is round and the mouse visits the bear then the mouse visits the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bear eats the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the bear. The bald eagle eats the dog. The bald eagle is rough. The bear is blue. The bear is rough. The bear needs the bald eagle. The bear visits the mouse. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog eats the bear. The dog needs the bear. The dog needs the mouse. The dog visits the bear. The mouse is round. The mouse visits the bald eagle. The mouse visits the bear. If someone visits the bear then the bear eats the mouse. If the mouse is round and the mouse visits the bear then the mouse visits the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bear eats the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-819", + "question": "The cat is rough. The cat is round. The cat does not need the mouse. The cat sees the tiger. The cat visits the mouse. The mouse does not need the tiger. The mouse sees the cat. The tiger is round. The tiger needs the cat. The tiger visits the cat. If the cat sees the tiger then the cat does not need the tiger. If something needs the cat and the cat does not visit the mouse then the cat is rough. If something sees the mouse then it sees the cat. If the tiger sees the cat then the tiger is green. If the mouse sees the cat then the cat sees the mouse. If something sees the cat then the cat is young. If something sees the cat and the cat sees the mouse then it visits the tiger. If something visits the mouse then the mouse sees the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The mouse sees the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat is rough. The cat is round. The cat does not need the mouse. The cat sees the tiger. The cat visits the mouse. The mouse does not need the tiger. The mouse sees the cat. The tiger is round. The tiger needs the cat. The tiger visits the cat. If the cat sees the tiger then the cat does not need the tiger. If something needs the cat and the cat does not visit the mouse then the cat is rough. If something sees the mouse then it sees the cat. If the tiger sees the cat then the tiger is green. If the mouse sees the cat then the cat sees the mouse. If something sees the cat then the cat is young. If something sees the cat and the cat sees the mouse then it visits the tiger. If something visits the mouse then the mouse sees the tiger.", + "original_question": "The mouse sees the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-607", + "question": "Bob is furry. Bob is young. Charlie is nice. Charlie is not young. Erin is kind. Erin is not nice. Erin is not rough. Erin is young. Harry is kind. Harry is rough. If something is kind and big then it is nice. If something is kind and nice then it is white. If something is furry and young then it is rough. If Erin is rough then Erin is furry. If Erin is kind and Erin is nice then Erin is furry. If Charlie is furry and Charlie is nice then Charlie is not kind. Rough, young things are big. If something is furry and big then it is kind. If Bob is big and Bob is nice then Bob is kind.\n\nQuestion: Bob is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is furry. Bob is young. Charlie is nice. Charlie is not young. Erin is kind. Erin is not nice. Erin is not rough. Erin is young. Harry is kind. Harry is rough. If something is kind and big then it is nice. If something is kind and nice then it is white. If something is furry and young then it is rough. If Erin is rough then Erin is furry. If Erin is kind and Erin is nice then Erin is furry. If Charlie is furry and Charlie is nice then Charlie is not kind. Rough, young things are big. If something is furry and big then it is kind. If Bob is big and Bob is nice then Bob is kind.", + "original_question": "Bob is rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2265", + "question": "The squirrel is big. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is round. Round people are big. All nice people are blue. All young, big people are round.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The squirrel is big. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is round. Round people are big. All nice people are blue. All young, big people are round.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-66", + "question": "Bob is not blue. Dave is red. Gary is red. Harry is nice. If Gary is not rough then Gary is white. If something is red then it is round. If Dave is white then Dave is not furry. All white things are blue. Rough, red things are not nice. If something is furry then it is nice. All red, round things are furry. If something is round and not blue then it is furry.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is not blue. Dave is red. Gary is red. Harry is nice. If Gary is not rough then Gary is white. If something is red then it is round. If Dave is white then Dave is not furry. All white things are blue. Rough, red things are not nice. If something is furry then it is nice. All red, round things are furry. If something is round and not blue then it is furry.", + "original_question": "Harry is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-1192", + "question": "Charlie is not white. Dave is furry. Dave is white. Dave is young. Fiona is smart. Harry is furry. Harry is smart. If someone is round then they are young. All smart people are round. Furry, green people are white. If someone is nice and white then they are furry. All young people are furry. If someone is furry and young then they are nice. If someone is nice and not young then they are green. Nice people are green.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is not white. Dave is furry. Dave is white. Dave is young. Fiona is smart. Harry is furry. Harry is smart. If someone is round then they are young. All smart people are round. Furry, green people are white. If someone is nice and white then they are furry. All young people are furry. If someone is furry and young then they are nice. If someone is nice and not young then they are green. Nice people are green.", + "original_question": "Harry is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-184", + "question": "The squirrel is kind. If something is round and blue then it is rough. If something is round and not kind then it is not young. All kind things are blue. All round things are blue. If something is kind and blue then it is round. If the squirrel is rough then the squirrel is round.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The squirrel is kind. If something is round and blue then it is rough. If something is round and not kind then it is not young. All kind things are blue. All round things are blue. If something is kind and blue then it is round. If the squirrel is rough then the squirrel is round.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-840", + "question": "Bob is not big. Bob is blue. Bob is green. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is not white. Gary is big. Gary is green. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is white. Red, rough people are round. Green people are round. All red, white people are round. If someone is blue and round then they are red. Round, white people are big. All round people are blue.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is not big. Bob is blue. Bob is green. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is not white. Gary is big. Gary is green. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is white. Red, rough people are round. Green people are round. All red, white people are round. If someone is blue and round then they are red. Round, white people are big. All round people are blue.", + "original_question": "Gary is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-6977", + "question": "Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is quiet. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is white. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. If something is nice then it is quiet. If something is kind and red then it is rough.\n\nQuestion: Bob is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is quiet. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is white. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. If something is nice then it is quiet. If something is kind and red then it is rough.", + "original_question": "Bob is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-1140", + "question": "Bob is kind. Fiona is quiet. If someone is young and round then they are smart. Kind people are furry. If someone is furry and young then they are round. All quiet people are smart. If someone is furry then they are kind. If Bob is furry and Bob is round then Bob is quiet. Kind people are round. If someone is kind and young then they are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Fiona is quiet. If someone is young and round then they are smart. Kind people are furry. If someone is furry and young then they are round. All quiet people are smart. If someone is furry then they are kind. If Bob is furry and Bob is round then Bob is quiet. Kind people are round. If someone is kind and young then they are quiet.", + "original_question": "Fiona is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1170", + "question": "The rabbit is blue. Blue things are kind. If the rabbit is blue and the rabbit is kind then the rabbit is nice.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The rabbit is blue. Blue things are kind. If the rabbit is blue and the rabbit is kind then the rabbit is nice.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-160", + "question": "Charlie is quiet. Dave is young. Erin is cold. Fiona is cold. Cold people are young. All young people are nice. Quiet people are nice. If Erin is young and Erin is not cold then Erin is nice. If Dave is blue then Dave is not white. All cold, nice people are blue. All nice, white people are blue. All cold, white people are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Erin is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is quiet. Dave is young. Erin is cold. Fiona is cold. Cold people are young. All young people are nice. Quiet people are nice. If Erin is young and Erin is not cold then Erin is nice. If Dave is blue then Dave is not white. All cold, nice people are blue. All nice, white people are blue. All cold, white people are quiet.", + "original_question": "Erin is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-316", + "question": "Dave seems to be round. No one knows Fred like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Gary is a kind person and he is also often cold. Harry is round but he is also nice and kind. A person with big, round, kind face appears to be rough around the edges because they are naive. All young and kind people that feel blue are described as red. Round young people, red with loveliness, are very cold towards others. A person that is round and somewhat green while being nice tends to be red as well. People who are young are also blue. I bet anyone who is round and kind is also pretty young.\n\nQuestion: Harry is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "Dave seems to be round. No one knows Fred like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Gary is a kind person and he is also often cold. Harry is round but he is also nice and kind. A person with big, round, kind face appears to be rough around the edges because they are naive. All young and kind people that feel blue are described as red. Round young people, red with loveliness, are very cold towards others. A person that is round and somewhat green while being nice tends to be red as well. People who are young are also blue. I bet anyone who is round and kind is also pretty young.", + "original_question": "Harry is cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-1804", + "question": "The mouse needs the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit needs the tiger. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger needs the rabbit. Nice things are blue. If something chases the mouse then the mouse is young. If something needs the tiger then it chases the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The tiger needs the rabbit.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The mouse needs the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit needs the tiger. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger needs the rabbit. Nice things are blue. If something chases the mouse then the mouse is young. If something needs the tiger then it chases the mouse.", + "original_question": "The tiger needs the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-954", + "question": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle needs the bear. The bear is kind. The lion needs the bear. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel needs the bald eagle. The squirrel visits the lion. If someone is blue and rough then they need the bear. If someone needs the bald eagle then they are blue. If someone needs the lion then they eat the lion. If someone eats the bear then the bear is kind. If someone is blue then they visit the bear. If the lion is rough and the lion eats the squirrel then the lion is blue. If someone is blue and they visit the bear then the bear needs the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle needs the bear. The bear is kind. The lion needs the bear. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel needs the bald eagle. The squirrel visits the lion. If someone is blue and rough then they need the bear. If someone needs the bald eagle then they are blue. If someone needs the lion then they eat the lion. If someone eats the bear then the bear is kind. If someone is blue then they visit the bear. If the lion is rough and the lion eats the squirrel then the lion is blue. If someone is blue and they visit the bear then the bear needs the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1318", + "question": "Bob is cold. Charlie is quiet. Erin is quiet. Harry is big. All big, round things are green. Cold, red things are green. White, cold things are big. Cold things are big. If something is big then it is red. If something is red and not white then it is not round.\n\nQuestion: Bob is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Charlie is quiet. Erin is quiet. Harry is big. All big, round things are green. Cold, red things are green. White, cold things are big. Cold things are big. If something is big then it is red. If something is red and not white then it is not round.", + "original_question": "Bob is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-2211", + "question": "Anne is blue. Bob is not blue. Gary is blue. If someone is rough then they are big. All furry, kind people are big. Furry people are big. Green people are rough. Blue, quiet people are not furry. If Gary is quiet then Gary is rough.\n\nQuestion: Anne is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Bob is not blue. Gary is blue. If someone is rough then they are big. All furry, kind people are big. Furry people are big. Green people are rough. Blue, quiet people are not furry. If Gary is quiet then Gary is rough.", + "original_question": "Anne is blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-1281", + "question": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bald eagle does not need the rabbit. The bald eagle does not see the mouse. The mouse sees the rabbit. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The rabbit needs the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. If something sees the rabbit then it likes the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The mouse likes the rabbit.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bald eagle does not need the rabbit. The bald eagle does not see the mouse. The mouse sees the rabbit. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The rabbit needs the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. If something sees the rabbit then it likes the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The mouse likes the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-138", + "question": "The cat sees the squirrel. The squirrel needs the cat. If someone chases the cat then the cat is kind. If the cat needs the squirrel and the cat is red then the squirrel needs the cat. If someone is red then they need the cat. If someone is round then they see the cat. If the cat is rough and the cat needs the squirrel then the cat chases the squirrel. If the cat sees the squirrel then the squirrel chases the cat. If someone chases the cat then the cat sees the squirrel. If the cat is kind then the cat needs the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel needs the cat.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat sees the squirrel. The squirrel needs the cat. If someone chases the cat then the cat is kind. If the cat needs the squirrel and the cat is red then the squirrel needs the cat. If someone is red then they need the cat. If someone is round then they see the cat. If the cat is rough and the cat needs the squirrel then the cat chases the squirrel. If the cat sees the squirrel then the squirrel chases the cat. If someone chases the cat then the cat sees the squirrel. If the cat is kind then the cat needs the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The squirrel needs the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-115", + "question": "Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Dave is nice. Erin is cold. Harry is green. Harry is quiet. All rough things are nice. Nice things are rough. All round, quiet things are cold. All big, round things are green. If something is big and quiet then it is round. If something is rough and quiet then it is green. Rough things are quiet. All green things are big.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Dave is nice. Erin is cold. Harry is green. Harry is quiet. All rough things are nice. Nice things are rough. All round, quiet things are cold. All big, round things are green. If something is big and quiet then it is round. If something is rough and quiet then it is green. Rough things are quiet. All green things are big.", + "original_question": "Harry is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-201", + "question": "Bob is green. Fiona is nice. Gary is nice. All white things are cold. White things are cold. If something is green and not blue then it is cold. Cold, green things are smart. All blue things are red. Green things are white.\n\nQuestion: Bob is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is green. Fiona is nice. Gary is nice. All white things are cold. White things are cold. If something is green and not blue then it is cold. Cold, green things are smart. All blue things are red. Green things are white.", + "original_question": "Bob is white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1442", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle sees the lion. The cow chases the lion. The cow is big. The cow is nice. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the lion. The lion chases the bald eagle. The lion is cold. The lion is green. The lion is nice. If something eats the cow and the cow sees the bald eagle then it is big. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the cow. If something is big then it sees the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle sees the bald eagle.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle sees the lion. The cow chases the lion. The cow is big. The cow is nice. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the lion. The lion chases the bald eagle. The lion is cold. The lion is green. The lion is nice. If something eats the cow and the cow sees the bald eagle then it is big. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the cow. If something is big then it sees the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle sees the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-4653", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is green. Anne is kind. Anne is nice. Anne is red. Anne is smart. Anne is white. If someone is cold and white then they are smart. If someone is nice then they are smart. If someone is green then they are red. If Anne is red then Anne is cold. Red people are smart. If someone is red and smart then they are green.\n\nQuestion: Anne is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is green. Anne is kind. Anne is nice. Anne is red. Anne is smart. Anne is white. If someone is cold and white then they are smart. If someone is nice then they are smart. If someone is green then they are red. If Anne is red then Anne is cold. Red people are smart. If someone is red and smart then they are green.", + "original_question": "Anne is green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-236", + "question": "Anne is smart. Bob is cold. Fiona is nice. Harry is kind. Nice things are green. If Harry is smart then Harry is blue. Green things are smart. All cold things are nice. Big things are blue. If Anne is nice then Anne is big. If something is green and big then it is not kind. If something is smart and nice then it is kind.\n\nQuestion: Harry is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is smart. Bob is cold. Fiona is nice. Harry is kind. Nice things are green. If Harry is smart then Harry is blue. Green things are smart. All cold things are nice. Big things are blue. If Anne is nice then Anne is big. If something is green and big then it is not kind. If something is smart and nice then it is kind.", + "original_question": "Harry is kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-BirdsVar1-3", + "question": "Arthur is a bird. Arthur is not wounded. Bill is an ostrich. Colin is a bird. Colin is wounded. Dave is not an ostrich. Dave is wounded. If someone is an ostrich then they are a bird. If someone is an ostrich then they are abnormal. If someone is an ostrich then they are not flying. If someone is a bird and wounded then they are abnormal. If someone is wounded then they are not flying. If someone is a bird and not abnormal then they are flying.\n\nQuestion: Dave is an ostrich.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Arthur is a bird. Arthur is not wounded. Bill is an ostrich. Colin is a bird. Colin is wounded. Dave is not an ostrich. Dave is wounded. If someone is an ostrich then they are a bird. If someone is an ostrich then they are abnormal. If someone is an ostrich then they are not flying. If someone is a bird and wounded then they are abnormal. If someone is wounded then they are not flying. If someone is a bird and not abnormal then they are flying.", + "original_question": "Dave is an ostrich." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1613", + "question": "Anne is smart. Erin is green. Erin is young. Fiona is not quiet. Gary is green. Gary is not smart. Gary is young. Rough things are blue. All quiet things are not smart. If Gary is blue and Gary is smart then Gary is not young. If something is quiet then it is not young. If something is quiet and blue then it is green. If Gary is green and Gary is blue then Gary is round. All blue, rough things are not round. All smart things are rough.\n\nQuestion: Erin is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is smart. Erin is green. Erin is young. Fiona is not quiet. Gary is green. Gary is not smart. Gary is young. Rough things are blue. All quiet things are not smart. If Gary is blue and Gary is smart then Gary is not young. If something is quiet then it is not young. If something is quiet and blue then it is green. If Gary is green and Gary is blue then Gary is round. All blue, rough things are not round. All smart things are rough.", + "original_question": "Erin is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-488", + "question": "The cow likes the squirrel. The rabbit chases the squirrel. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is young. The rabbit does not like the squirrel. The squirrel is not kind. The squirrel is not round. If someone likes the squirrel then they like the rabbit. All rough people are young. If someone chases the rabbit and they chase the squirrel then they do not like the cow. If someone needs the rabbit then the rabbit is blue. If someone likes the squirrel then the squirrel is blue. If someone likes the squirrel and they are kind then the squirrel likes the rabbit. Blue people are rough. If the rabbit does not need the squirrel then the rabbit is not rough.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The cow likes the squirrel. The rabbit chases the squirrel. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is young. The rabbit does not like the squirrel. The squirrel is not kind. The squirrel is not round. If someone likes the squirrel then they like the rabbit. All rough people are young. If someone chases the rabbit and they chase the squirrel then they do not like the cow. If someone needs the rabbit then the rabbit is blue. If someone likes the squirrel then the squirrel is blue. If someone likes the squirrel and they are kind then the squirrel likes the rabbit. Blue people are rough. If the rabbit does not need the squirrel then the rabbit is not rough.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-424", + "question": "The bald eagle is rough. The cow chases the bald eagle. If something likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something likes the cow and it is blue then it chases the bald eagle. If something eats the cow then it likes the bald eagle. If something is cold then it chases the bald eagle. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the cow.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not eat the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is rough. The cow chases the bald eagle. If something likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the cow then the bald eagle chases the cow. If something likes the cow and it is blue then it chases the bald eagle. If something eats the cow then it likes the bald eagle. If something is cold then it chases the bald eagle. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the cow.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not eat the cow." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1293", + "question": "The dog eats the rabbit. The dog is cold. The dog is not green. The dog is not nice. The mouse chases the dog. The mouse likes the rabbit. The rabbit eats the dog. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit does not chase the mouse then the rabbit likes the dog. If something is cold then it is not nice. If the mouse is nice then the mouse chases the dog. Cold things are not green. If something eats the rabbit then it eats the mouse. If something is nice and big then it does not like the rabbit. If something eats the mouse then the mouse eats the rabbit. If something likes the dog then the dog does not chase the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The mouse eats the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The dog eats the rabbit. The dog is cold. The dog is not green. The dog is not nice. The mouse chases the dog. The mouse likes the rabbit. The rabbit eats the dog. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit does not chase the mouse then the rabbit likes the dog. If something is cold then it is not nice. If the mouse is nice then the mouse chases the dog. Cold things are not green. If something eats the rabbit then it eats the mouse. If something is nice and big then it does not like the rabbit. If something eats the mouse then the mouse eats the rabbit. If something likes the dog then the dog does not chase the mouse.", + "original_question": "The mouse eats the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-994", + "question": "The cow does not chase the tiger. The tiger is big. If someone is big then they chase the cow. If someone is red then they do not chase the cow. If the tiger chases the cow then the cow is red. If someone is nice and they do not need the tiger then the tiger needs the cow. If the tiger sees the cow and the tiger is not green then the tiger does not need the cow. If someone chases the cow and they chase the tiger then the tiger does not chase the cow. If someone needs the cow and they are red then they see the tiger. If someone is nice then they need the cow.\n\nQuestion: The tiger does not chase the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow does not chase the tiger. The tiger is big. If someone is big then they chase the cow. If someone is red then they do not chase the cow. If the tiger chases the cow then the cow is red. If someone is nice and they do not need the tiger then the tiger needs the cow. If the tiger sees the cow and the tiger is not green then the tiger does not need the cow. If someone chases the cow and they chase the tiger then the tiger does not chase the cow. If someone needs the cow and they are red then they see the tiger. If someone is nice then they need the cow.", + "original_question": "The tiger does not chase the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-1916", + "question": "Dave is not cold. Dave is green. Dave is not red. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Dave is white. Erin is blue. Erin is green. Erin is red. Erin is not round. Harry is blue. Harry is not cold. Harry is green. Harry is round. Harry is not smart. Harry is white. All smart, green things are round. If something is white and blue then it is round. White things are green. All red, green things are blue. All smart, white things are blue. If something is green and not cold then it is blue. If Harry is smart then Harry is white. If something is green and cold then it is white.\n\nQuestion: Harry is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Dave is not cold. Dave is green. Dave is not red. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Dave is white. Erin is blue. Erin is green. Erin is red. Erin is not round. Harry is blue. Harry is not cold. Harry is green. Harry is round. Harry is not smart. Harry is white. All smart, green things are round. If something is white and blue then it is round. White things are green. All red, green things are blue. All smart, white things are blue. If something is green and not cold then it is blue. If Harry is smart then Harry is white. If something is green and cold then it is white.", + "original_question": "Harry is white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1447", + "question": "The rabbit is cold. All cold things are green. All green things are round. If something is young and not green then it is round. If something is round and not cold then it is red. All young things are red. Round things are red.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The rabbit is cold. All cold things are green. All green things are round. If something is young and not green then it is round. If something is round and not cold then it is red. All young things are red. Round things are red.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1269", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle eats the lion. The bald eagle likes the bear. The bald eagle sees the bear. The bear is cold. The bear is not kind. The bear is round. The bear likes the cat. The cat eats the bear. The cat eats the lion. The cat is cold. The cat is red. The cat likes the bear. The cat sees the bald eagle. The lion eats the bear. The lion is blue. If something eats the lion and it is not kind then the lion is not blue. If something is cold then it likes the bear. If something likes the lion then it is round. If something eats the bear and it sees the bald eagle then it likes the lion. If something sees the cat then the cat does not eat the lion. If something likes the bear and it is round then it likes the bald eagle. If something is cold and it does not like the bear then the bear is red. If something eats the bear and it is not blue then it eats the cat.\n\nQuestion: The bear likes the bald eagle.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle eats the lion. The bald eagle likes the bear. The bald eagle sees the bear. The bear is cold. The bear is not kind. The bear is round. The bear likes the cat. The cat eats the bear. The cat eats the lion. The cat is cold. The cat is red. The cat likes the bear. The cat sees the bald eagle. The lion eats the bear. The lion is blue. If something eats the lion and it is not kind then the lion is not blue. If something is cold then it likes the bear. If something likes the lion then it is round. If something eats the bear and it sees the bald eagle then it likes the lion. If something sees the cat then the cat does not eat the lion. If something likes the bear and it is round then it likes the bald eagle. If something is cold and it does not like the bear then the bear is red. If something eats the bear and it is not blue then it eats the cat.", + "original_question": "The bear likes the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-490", + "question": "Anne is blue. Harry is green. If Harry is young then Harry is not round. All green people are young.\n\nQuestion: Harry is round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Harry is green. If Harry is young then Harry is not round. All green people are young.", + "original_question": "Harry is round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-5495", + "question": "The cat chases the mouse. The cat is round. The cat likes the rabbit. The dog chases the cat. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog is round. The dog likes the cat. The dog visits the mouse. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit likes the dog. The rabbit visits the cat. The rabbit visits the mouse. All green things are nice.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat chases the mouse. The cat is round. The cat likes the rabbit. The dog chases the cat. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog is round. The dog likes the cat. The dog visits the mouse. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit likes the dog. The rabbit visits the cat. The rabbit visits the mouse. All green things are nice.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-1695", + "question": "Dave is not smart. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is not round. Erin is smart. Harry is cold. Harry is young. If Dave is white and Dave is young then Dave is kind. If someone is nice then they are young. Smart people are nice. All white, kind people are not nice. All smart people are nice. If someone is smart then they are nice. If Dave is young and Dave is not round then Dave is white. If someone is young then they are smart.\n\nQuestion: Harry is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Dave is not smart. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is not round. Erin is smart. Harry is cold. Harry is young. If Dave is white and Dave is young then Dave is kind. If someone is nice then they are young. Smart people are nice. All white, kind people are not nice. All smart people are nice. If someone is smart then they are nice. If Dave is young and Dave is not round then Dave is white. If someone is young then they are smart.", + "original_question": "Harry is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-948", + "question": "The dog is red. The dog likes the mouse. The dog visits the tiger. The lion visits the dog. The lion visits the tiger. The mouse chases the tiger. The mouse is green. The mouse visits the dog. The tiger chases the lion. The tiger is nice. The tiger visits the dog. If something chases the dog then it visits the lion. If the dog is cold then the dog likes the tiger. If something likes the tiger then the tiger likes the mouse. If something is nice then it visits the tiger. If something likes the lion and the lion is green then it is blue. If something is cold then it likes the lion. If something visits the tiger then it visits the mouse. If something visits the tiger then the tiger chases the mouse. If something likes the mouse then it is cold.\n\nQuestion: The tiger does not like the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The dog is red. The dog likes the mouse. The dog visits the tiger. The lion visits the dog. The lion visits the tiger. The mouse chases the tiger. The mouse is green. The mouse visits the dog. The tiger chases the lion. The tiger is nice. The tiger visits the dog. If something chases the dog then it visits the lion. If the dog is cold then the dog likes the tiger. If something likes the tiger then the tiger likes the mouse. If something is nice then it visits the tiger. If something likes the lion and the lion is green then it is blue. If something is cold then it likes the lion. If something visits the tiger then it visits the mouse. If something visits the tiger then the tiger chases the mouse. If something likes the mouse then it is cold.", + "original_question": "The tiger does not like the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-435", + "question": "Alan is big and rough around the edges. Even though he is feeling ill and green, he is nice. For being so cold, it's good Dave can remain nice. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Eric. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Harry. Young people are so rough that they can hold their breath until they are blue. People who are young and blue are also red. A kind person who looks blue because he is is cold is usually big in stature. If you know someone who is nice, green, and big, you know a young person.\n\nQuestion: Alan is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Alan is big and rough around the edges. Even though he is feeling ill and green, he is nice. For being so cold, it's good Dave can remain nice. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Eric. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Harry. Young people are so rough that they can hold their breath until they are blue. People who are young and blue are also red. A kind person who looks blue because he is is cold is usually big in stature. If you know someone who is nice, green, and big, you know a young person.", + "original_question": "Alan is not red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1367", + "question": "The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bear chases the bald eagle. The lion needs the rabbit. The rabbit is nice. If someone is young and they like the bald eagle then the bald eagle is big. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle needs the rabbit then they need the rabbit. If someone needs the rabbit then they need the lion. If someone likes the rabbit then they need the rabbit. If someone chases the rabbit and they need the bald eagle then the bald eagle likes the lion. If someone chases the lion and they like the bald eagle then they like the bear.\n\nQuestion: The bear chases the bald eagle.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bear chases the bald eagle. The lion needs the rabbit. The rabbit is nice. If someone is young and they like the bald eagle then the bald eagle is big. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle needs the rabbit then they need the rabbit. If someone needs the rabbit then they need the lion. If someone likes the rabbit then they need the rabbit. If someone chases the rabbit and they need the bald eagle then the bald eagle likes the lion. If someone chases the lion and they like the bald eagle then they like the bear.", + "original_question": "The bear chases the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-1131", + "question": "The bear likes the dog. The bear needs the rabbit. The dog is blue. The dog is green. The dog sees the bear. The dog sees the rabbit. The mouse likes the rabbit. The mouse needs the dog. The mouse sees the dog. The rabbit sees the dog. If the dog likes the rabbit then the dog is young. If something is young then it sees the dog. If something sees the dog and the dog is blue then the dog is young.\n\nQuestion: The dog is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear likes the dog. The bear needs the rabbit. The dog is blue. The dog is green. The dog sees the bear. The dog sees the rabbit. The mouse likes the rabbit. The mouse needs the dog. The mouse sees the dog. The rabbit sees the dog. If the dog likes the rabbit then the dog is young. If something is young then it sees the dog. If something sees the dog and the dog is blue then the dog is young.", + "original_question": "The dog is green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1027", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the dog. The bald eagle chases the tiger. The dog chases the bald eagle. The dog is blue. The dog is cold. The dog is red. The dog is round. The dog is young. The tiger chases the dog. The tiger is round. The tiger likes the bald eagle. The tiger sees the bald eagle. If someone chases the bald eagle and they chase the tiger then they see the bald eagle. If the bald eagle sees the tiger and the tiger is young then the bald eagle chases the tiger. If the tiger likes the dog and the dog is cold then the dog sees the bald eagle. If the dog is red and the dog sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle does not like the tiger. If someone is blue then they chase the tiger. If the dog chases the tiger and the dog sees the tiger then the tiger does not like the bald eagle. If someone chases the bald eagle and they do not like the tiger then the tiger is red. If someone is round and they do not see the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the dog.\n\nQuestion: The dog is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the dog. The bald eagle chases the tiger. The dog chases the bald eagle. The dog is blue. The dog is cold. The dog is red. The dog is round. The dog is young. The tiger chases the dog. The tiger is round. The tiger likes the bald eagle. The tiger sees the bald eagle. If someone chases the bald eagle and they chase the tiger then they see the bald eagle. If the bald eagle sees the tiger and the tiger is young then the bald eagle chases the tiger. If the tiger likes the dog and the dog is cold then the dog sees the bald eagle. If the dog is red and the dog sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle does not like the tiger. If someone is blue then they chase the tiger. If the dog chases the tiger and the dog sees the tiger then the tiger does not like the bald eagle. If someone chases the bald eagle and they do not like the tiger then the tiger is red. If someone is round and they do not see the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the dog.", + "original_question": "The dog is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-941", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the tiger. The bald eagle is green. The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle sees the lion. The bald eagle does not visit the tiger. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog does not eat the tiger. The dog is young. The dog sees the lion. The lion is not rough. The tiger sees the dog. If something eats the dog then the dog is rough. If something visits the tiger then it eats the lion. If something visits the lion and it eats the lion then the lion is not green. If something sees the lion then the lion eats the bald eagle. If something visits the dog then it is young. If something is big and it eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the dog. Young things are big. If the tiger is rough and the tiger sees the lion then the lion visits the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle eats the dog.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the tiger. The bald eagle is green. The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle sees the lion. The bald eagle does not visit the tiger. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog does not eat the tiger. The dog is young. The dog sees the lion. The lion is not rough. The tiger sees the dog. If something eats the dog then the dog is rough. If something visits the tiger then it eats the lion. If something visits the lion and it eats the lion then the lion is not green. If something sees the lion then the lion eats the bald eagle. If something visits the dog then it is young. If something is big and it eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the dog. Young things are big. If the tiger is rough and the tiger sees the lion then the lion visits the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle eats the dog." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-6157", + "question": "The cat does not need the cow. The cow is not big. The cow likes the cat. The cow does not like the mouse. The cow needs the squirrel. The cow visits the cat. The cow visits the mouse. The mouse does not need the squirrel. The mouse visits the cat. The squirrel needs the cow. All kind things are big. If something likes the squirrel and it does not need the cow then the squirrel likes the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The cow visits the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat does not need the cow. The cow is not big. The cow likes the cat. The cow does not like the mouse. The cow needs the squirrel. The cow visits the cat. The cow visits the mouse. The mouse does not need the squirrel. The mouse visits the cat. The squirrel needs the cow. All kind things are big. If something likes the squirrel and it does not need the cow then the squirrel likes the mouse.", + "original_question": "The cow visits the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-138", + "question": "The cat sees the squirrel. The squirrel needs the cat. If someone chases the cat then the cat is kind. If the cat needs the squirrel and the cat is red then the squirrel needs the cat. If someone is red then they need the cat. If someone is round then they see the cat. If the cat is rough and the cat needs the squirrel then the cat chases the squirrel. If the cat sees the squirrel then the squirrel chases the cat. If someone chases the cat then the cat sees the squirrel. If the cat is kind then the cat needs the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel does not need the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat sees the squirrel. The squirrel needs the cat. If someone chases the cat then the cat is kind. If the cat needs the squirrel and the cat is red then the squirrel needs the cat. If someone is red then they need the cat. If someone is round then they see the cat. If the cat is rough and the cat needs the squirrel then the cat chases the squirrel. If the cat sees the squirrel then the squirrel chases the cat. If someone chases the cat then the cat sees the squirrel. If the cat is kind then the cat needs the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The squirrel does not need the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-366", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is kind. Anne is nice. Anne is rough. Charlie is furry. Gary is kind. Gary is rough. If someone is smart and nice then they are white. If someone is blue and furry then they are kind. All furry people are white. All rough, kind people are smart. All white people are blue. If someone is smart then they are rough.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is kind. Anne is nice. Anne is rough. Charlie is furry. Gary is kind. Gary is rough. If someone is smart and nice then they are white. If someone is blue and furry then they are kind. All furry people are white. All rough, kind people are smart. All white people are blue. If someone is smart then they are rough.", + "original_question": "Anne is not white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-121", + "question": "That guy Bob sure is nice. Young Charlie has rough, green skin that is always cold. Charlie is known for being a nice guy. Fred is a cold and round man who has red and green skin. A blue colored person who is nice is a red person. Every single big person is a little green in some areas. If someone has a kind disposition and looks rather round and rough then you'll find that they're actually quite young. A person who is kind and rough and blue is young. A kind person will certainly be rough as well. Blue eyed people, green with sickness and rough around the edges quickly turn red and blush when stepping ashore. Cold and red people are always kind to others.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "That guy Bob sure is nice. Young Charlie has rough, green skin that is always cold. Charlie is known for being a nice guy. Fred is a cold and round man who has red and green skin. A blue colored person who is nice is a red person. Every single big person is a little green in some areas. If someone has a kind disposition and looks rather round and rough then you'll find that they're actually quite young. A person who is kind and rough and blue is young. A kind person will certainly be rough as well. Blue eyed people, green with sickness and rough around the edges quickly turn red and blush when stepping ashore. Cold and red people are always kind to others.", + "original_question": "Charlie is green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-357", + "question": "The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle needs the cat. The bald eagle needs the squirrel. The bald eagle sees the squirrel. The cat eats the squirrel. The cow eats the cat. The cow eats the squirrel. The cow needs the bald eagle. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the cat. The cow sees the squirrel. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel is red. The squirrel needs the cat. If something is green then it eats the cat. If something sees the cow then it sees the cat. If something sees the squirrel then it is green. If something sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle is young then the bald eagle is big. If something needs the cat and it eats the cat then the cat sees the squirrel. If something is red and it eats the cat then it sees the bald eagle. If something needs the bald eagle then it needs the squirrel. If the bald eagle is red and the bald eagle sees the cow then the cow is young.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not eat the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle needs the cat. The bald eagle needs the squirrel. The bald eagle sees the squirrel. The cat eats the squirrel. The cow eats the cat. The cow eats the squirrel. The cow needs the bald eagle. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the cat. The cow sees the squirrel. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel is red. The squirrel needs the cat. If something is green then it eats the cat. If something sees the cow then it sees the cat. If something sees the squirrel then it is green. If something sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle is young then the bald eagle is big. If something needs the cat and it eats the cat then the cat sees the squirrel. If something is red and it eats the cat then it sees the bald eagle. If something needs the bald eagle then it needs the squirrel. If the bald eagle is red and the bald eagle sees the cow then the cow is young.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not eat the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-1140", + "question": "Bob is kind. Fiona is quiet. If someone is young and round then they are smart. Kind people are furry. If someone is furry and young then they are round. All quiet people are smart. If someone is furry then they are kind. If Bob is furry and Bob is round then Bob is quiet. Kind people are round. If someone is kind and young then they are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Fiona is quiet. If someone is young and round then they are smart. Kind people are furry. If someone is furry and young then they are round. All quiet people are smart. If someone is furry then they are kind. If Bob is furry and Bob is round then Bob is quiet. Kind people are round. If someone is kind and young then they are quiet.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-751", + "question": "Anne is furry. Anne is quiet. Erin is furry. Erin is not rough. Fiona is not quiet. Fiona is smart. Harry is quiet. Smart people are white. Quiet people are smart. All smart, rough people are not furry. If someone is white and not quiet then they are not furry. All white people are cold. All furry, quiet people are not rough. If Fiona is smart and Fiona is quiet then Fiona is white. If Harry is cold then Harry is rough. If Erin is white and Erin is not smart then Erin is not cold.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Anne is quiet. Erin is furry. Erin is not rough. Fiona is not quiet. Fiona is smart. Harry is quiet. Smart people are white. Quiet people are smart. All smart, rough people are not furry. If someone is white and not quiet then they are not furry. All white people are cold. All furry, quiet people are not rough. If Fiona is smart and Fiona is quiet then Fiona is white. If Harry is cold then Harry is rough. If Erin is white and Erin is not smart then Erin is not cold.", + "original_question": "Harry is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-611", + "question": "The lion eats the rabbit. The lion is green. The lion is nice. The lion is red. The lion is rough. The lion is round. The lion sees the rabbit. The lion visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the lion. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit visits the lion. If something is round then it visits the lion. If something is nice then it eats the rabbit. If something eats the rabbit then the rabbit sees the lion. If the rabbit visits the lion and the rabbit is red then the lion sees the rabbit. If something is nice and it eats the rabbit then it is round. If something is round then it visits the rabbit. If something is round and it visits the rabbit then the rabbit eats the lion. If something sees the rabbit and the rabbit is red then it is red.\n\nQuestion: The lion is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion eats the rabbit. The lion is green. The lion is nice. The lion is red. The lion is rough. The lion is round. The lion sees the rabbit. The lion visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the lion. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit visits the lion. If something is round then it visits the lion. If something is nice then it eats the rabbit. If something eats the rabbit then the rabbit sees the lion. If the rabbit visits the lion and the rabbit is red then the lion sees the rabbit. If something is nice and it eats the rabbit then it is round. If something is round then it visits the rabbit. If something is round and it visits the rabbit then the rabbit eats the lion. If something sees the rabbit and the rabbit is red then it is red.", + "original_question": "The lion is round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-5495", + "question": "The cat chases the mouse. The cat is round. The cat likes the rabbit. The dog chases the cat. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog is round. The dog likes the cat. The dog visits the mouse. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit likes the dog. The rabbit visits the cat. The rabbit visits the mouse. All green things are nice.\n\nQuestion: The cat is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat chases the mouse. The cat is round. The cat likes the rabbit. The dog chases the cat. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog is round. The dog likes the cat. The dog visits the mouse. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit likes the dog. The rabbit visits the cat. The rabbit visits the mouse. All green things are nice.", + "original_question": "The cat is not round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1056", + "question": "The squirrel is kind. All kind people are big. Green, big people are red. Big, kind people are green.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The squirrel is kind. All kind people are big. Green, big people are red. Big, kind people are green.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2186", + "question": "The bald eagle likes the mouse. The bear likes the squirrel. The mouse is round. The squirrel eats the mouse. If something eats the mouse then the mouse chases the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The mouse is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle likes the mouse. The bear likes the squirrel. The mouse is round. The squirrel eats the mouse. If something eats the mouse then the mouse chases the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The mouse is not round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-810", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the lion. The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bald eagle likes the mouse. The bald eagle needs the lion. The lion chases the bald eagle. The lion is big. The lion is rough. The lion needs the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. The mouse is cold. The mouse is kind. The mouse likes the bald eagle. The mouse likes the lion. The mouse needs the lion. If someone is round and they chase the lion then the lion needs the bald eagle. If someone needs the lion and they chase the lion then they like the bald eagle. If someone is rough and kind then they like the mouse. If the bald eagle is cold then the bald eagle is big. If someone is big and they like the mouse then the mouse is round. If the bald eagle needs the lion and the lion is round then the lion chases the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The lion is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the lion. The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bald eagle likes the mouse. The bald eagle needs the lion. The lion chases the bald eagle. The lion is big. The lion is rough. The lion needs the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. The mouse is cold. The mouse is kind. The mouse likes the bald eagle. The mouse likes the lion. The mouse needs the lion. If someone is round and they chase the lion then the lion needs the bald eagle. If someone needs the lion and they chase the lion then they like the bald eagle. If someone is rough and kind then they like the mouse. If the bald eagle is cold then the bald eagle is big. If someone is big and they like the mouse then the mouse is round. If the bald eagle needs the lion and the lion is round then the lion chases the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The lion is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-16", + "question": "The circuit includes the battery. The circuit includes the switch. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The wire is conducting.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The circuit includes the battery. The circuit includes the switch. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The wire is conducting." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-581", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the lion. The bald eagle eats the tiger. The bald eagle is big. The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle is young. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The bald eagle needs the lion. The bald eagle needs the tiger. The lion eats the bald eagle. The lion eats the tiger. The lion is big. The lion is blue. The lion is nice. The lion likes the bald eagle. The tiger needs the bald eagle. If something needs the tiger then the tiger likes the bald eagle. If something is round then it needs the lion. If something eats the lion and it is round then it likes the lion. If something needs the lion then it is blue. If something is big and blue then it likes the tiger. If the tiger needs the bald eagle then the tiger is round.\n\nQuestion: The tiger is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the lion. The bald eagle eats the tiger. The bald eagle is big. The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle is young. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The bald eagle needs the lion. The bald eagle needs the tiger. The lion eats the bald eagle. The lion eats the tiger. The lion is big. The lion is blue. The lion is nice. The lion likes the bald eagle. The tiger needs the bald eagle. If something needs the tiger then the tiger likes the bald eagle. If something is round then it needs the lion. If something eats the lion and it is round then it likes the lion. If something needs the lion then it is blue. If something is big and blue then it likes the tiger. If the tiger needs the bald eagle then the tiger is round.", + "original_question": "The tiger is blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-1011", + "question": "The dog is big. The dog is green. The dog sees the tiger. The lion chases the tiger. The lion is red. The lion needs the rabbit. The lion needs the tiger. The lion sees the tiger. The rabbit needs the lion. The tiger chases the lion. The tiger is green. The tiger sees the lion. If something needs the lion then it needs the tiger. If something sees the lion and it needs the tiger then the tiger sees the dog. If something is green then it chases the tiger. If something sees the dog and the dog sees the tiger then the tiger is rough. If something is rough then it needs the lion. If something needs the dog and it needs the lion then it chases the rabbit. If something sees the tiger then it needs the dog. If something needs the tiger then it sees the dog.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not need the dog.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The dog is big. The dog is green. The dog sees the tiger. The lion chases the tiger. The lion is red. The lion needs the rabbit. The lion needs the tiger. The lion sees the tiger. The rabbit needs the lion. The tiger chases the lion. The tiger is green. The tiger sees the lion. If something needs the lion then it needs the tiger. If something sees the lion and it needs the tiger then the tiger sees the dog. If something is green then it chases the tiger. If something sees the dog and the dog sees the tiger then the tiger is rough. If something is rough then it needs the lion. If something needs the dog and it needs the lion then it chases the rabbit. If something sees the tiger then it needs the dog. If something needs the tiger then it sees the dog.", + "original_question": "The lion does not need the dog." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1411", + "question": "Bob is blue. Bob is furry. Bob is quiet. Bob is smart. Gary is not big. Gary is nice. Gary is quiet. If Gary is white then Gary is blue. All nice things are white. If something is blue and not big then it is smart.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Bob is furry. Bob is quiet. Bob is smart. Gary is not big. Gary is nice. Gary is quiet. If Gary is white then Gary is blue. All nice things are white. If something is blue and not big then it is smart.", + "original_question": "Gary is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-643", + "question": "Bob is kind. Harry is big. Harry is blue. Round people are green. Blue, kind people are big. If someone is blue and big then they are kind. All red people are kind. If Harry is kind and Harry is green then Harry is cold. All red, kind people are green. If Harry is green and Harry is cold then Harry is blue. All blue, big people are round.\n\nQuestion: Harry is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Harry is big. Harry is blue. Round people are green. Blue, kind people are big. If someone is blue and big then they are kind. All red people are kind. If Harry is kind and Harry is green then Harry is cold. All red, kind people are green. If Harry is green and Harry is cold then Harry is blue. All blue, big people are round.", + "original_question": "Harry is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-454", + "question": "Bob is not green. Erin is furry. Erin is green. Erin is smart. Gary is not rough. Harry is green. Harry is not young. If something is green then it is smart. If something is quiet and not smart then it is rough.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is not green. Erin is furry. Erin is green. Erin is smart. Gary is not rough. Harry is green. Harry is not young. If something is green then it is smart. If something is quiet and not smart then it is rough.", + "original_question": "Gary is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-1317", + "question": "Bob is cold. Bob is white. Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is quiet. Dave is smart. Fiona is kind. Fiona is smart. Harry is big. Harry is cold. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Big, rough people are white. If Fiona is big and Fiona is cold then Fiona is kind. If Dave is cold then Dave is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Bob is white. Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is quiet. Dave is smart. Fiona is kind. Fiona is smart. Harry is big. Harry is cold. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Big, rough people are white. If Fiona is big and Fiona is cold then Fiona is kind. If Dave is cold then Dave is quiet.", + "original_question": "Harry is not big." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-89", + "question": "The battery is flat. The switch is on. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The battery is not flat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The battery is flat. The switch is on. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The battery is not flat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1537", + "question": "Anne is green. Charlie is green. Erin is smart. White things are not young. All green things are blue. If something is young and not smart then it is blue. If something is round and blue then it is green. All smart, young things are green. All blue things are white.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is green. Charlie is green. Erin is smart. White things are not young. All green things are blue. If something is young and not smart then it is blue. If something is round and blue then it is green. All smart, young things are green. All blue things are white.", + "original_question": "Erin is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-819", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the cat. The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle chases the mouse. The bald eagle is blue. The bald eagle sees the cat. The cat needs the bald eagle. The cow chases the cat. The cow is not young. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse does not chase the cow. The mouse does not need the cow. The mouse sees the cat. If something is kind then it sees the mouse. Blue things are cold. If something sees the mouse then it is blue. If something chases the mouse and it sees the cat then the cat does not see the cow. If something is nice and it needs the mouse then it chases the cow. If something sees the cat then the cat is kind. If something chases the cow and it needs the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the cow. If the bald eagle is cold then the bald eagle does not see the cow. If the cat is cold and the cat needs the bald eagle then the cat needs the cow.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not need the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the cat. The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle chases the mouse. The bald eagle is blue. The bald eagle sees the cat. The cat needs the bald eagle. The cow chases the cat. The cow is not young. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse does not chase the cow. The mouse does not need the cow. The mouse sees the cat. If something is kind then it sees the mouse. Blue things are cold. If something sees the mouse then it is blue. If something chases the mouse and it sees the cat then the cat does not see the cow. If something is nice and it needs the mouse then it chases the cow. If something sees the cat then the cat is kind. If something chases the cow and it needs the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the cow. If the bald eagle is cold then the bald eagle does not see the cow. If the cat is cold and the cat needs the bald eagle then the cat needs the cow.", + "original_question": "The cat does not need the cow." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1133", + "question": "The bear is red. The bear is rough. The dog is green. If something needs the bear then the bear needs the dog. If something needs the bear then the bear needs the dog. If something likes the bear then it is green. If something is rough then it likes the bear. If something likes the bear and it is green then it likes the dog. If something is red and it visits the bear then it needs the bear.\n\nQuestion: The bear is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bear is red. The bear is rough. The dog is green. If something needs the bear then the bear needs the dog. If something needs the bear then the bear needs the dog. If something likes the bear then it is green. If something is rough then it likes the bear. If something likes the bear and it is green then it likes the dog. If something is red and it visits the bear then it needs the bear.", + "original_question": "The bear is not green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-836", + "question": "Charlie is white. Dave is cold. All quiet things are cold. If Charlie is rough then Charlie is green. If something is round and rough then it is quiet. If Dave is cold and Dave is white then Dave is round. If something is white then it is quiet. If something is quiet then it is round.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is white. Dave is cold. All quiet things are cold. If Charlie is rough then Charlie is green. If something is round and rough then it is quiet. If Dave is cold and Dave is white then Dave is round. If something is white then it is quiet. If something is quiet then it is round.", + "original_question": "Charlie is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1175", + "question": "Charlie is big. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Dave is young. If Charlie is cold then Charlie is young. If something is young then it is kind. If Charlie is kind and Charlie is young then Charlie is green. If something is green then it is young. All green things are round. If Dave is green then Dave is kind.\n\nQuestion: Dave is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is big. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Dave is young. If Charlie is cold then Charlie is young. If something is young then it is kind. If Charlie is kind and Charlie is young then Charlie is green. If something is green then it is young. All green things are round. If Dave is green then Dave is kind.", + "original_question": "Dave is big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-367", + "question": "The cow sees the squirrel. The mouse does not chase the cow. The mouse eats the squirrel. The mouse is young. The mouse does not see the tiger. The squirrel chases the tiger. The squirrel eats the mouse. The tiger does not chase the mouse. The tiger eats the cow. The tiger eats the squirrel. The tiger is green. The tiger is young. If the cow sees the tiger then the tiger is nice. If someone eats the squirrel then the squirrel is big. If the mouse does not chase the cow then the cow chases the squirrel. If the cow is not young and the cow does not eat the tiger then the cow chases the squirrel. If someone is nice then they see the tiger. If the tiger chases the mouse then the tiger eats the squirrel. If someone chases the squirrel then they are nice.\n\nQuestion: The cow is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The cow sees the squirrel. The mouse does not chase the cow. The mouse eats the squirrel. The mouse is young. The mouse does not see the tiger. The squirrel chases the tiger. The squirrel eats the mouse. The tiger does not chase the mouse. The tiger eats the cow. The tiger eats the squirrel. The tiger is green. The tiger is young. If the cow sees the tiger then the tiger is nice. If someone eats the squirrel then the squirrel is big. If the mouse does not chase the cow then the cow chases the squirrel. If the cow is not young and the cow does not eat the tiger then the cow chases the squirrel. If someone is nice then they see the tiger. If the tiger chases the mouse then the tiger eats the squirrel. If someone chases the squirrel then they are nice.", + "original_question": "The cow is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-257", + "question": "Anne is kind. Anne is rough. Anne is round. Anne is young. Charlie is blue. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Erin is kind. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. If Erin is rough then Erin is quiet. All quiet things are blue. If Anne is quiet then Anne is nice. Blue, rough things are young. All round things are quiet. Round, nice things are rough. If something is round then it is quiet. If Anne is kind and Anne is young then Anne is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is kind. Anne is rough. Anne is round. Anne is young. Charlie is blue. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Erin is kind. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. If Erin is rough then Erin is quiet. All quiet things are blue. If Anne is quiet then Anne is nice. Blue, rough things are young. All round things are quiet. Round, nice things are rough. If something is round then it is quiet. If Anne is kind and Anne is young then Anne is quiet.", + "original_question": "Anne is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2265", + "question": "The squirrel is big. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is round. Round people are big. All nice people are blue. All young, big people are round.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The squirrel is big. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is round. Round people are big. All nice people are blue. All young, big people are round.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-2015", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is young. Charlie is big. Charlie is cold. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Charlie is young. Dave is red. Gary is quiet. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is young. Young, cold things are red.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is young. Charlie is big. Charlie is cold. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Charlie is young. Dave is red. Gary is quiet. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is young. Young, cold things are red.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1407", + "question": "The cat eats the tiger. The cat is cold. The cat is round. The mouse is nice. The mouse is not rough. The mouse likes the cat. The mouse likes the squirrel. The mouse does not visit the cat. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel visits the tiger. The tiger eats the squirrel. The tiger is nice. The tiger likes the cat. The tiger likes the squirrel. If someone likes the mouse and the mouse is not round then the mouse is cold. All rough people are not cold. If the mouse visits the tiger and the mouse is not cold then the tiger is cold. If someone eats the tiger and the tiger is cold then the tiger does not eat the cat. If someone is red and they visit the tiger then the tiger does not eat the cat. If the squirrel eats the tiger and the squirrel visits the cat then the tiger visits the cat. If the squirrel is not cold then the squirrel visits the cat. If someone visits the cat then the cat visits the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is not cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the tiger. The cat is cold. The cat is round. The mouse is nice. The mouse is not rough. The mouse likes the cat. The mouse likes the squirrel. The mouse does not visit the cat. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel visits the tiger. The tiger eats the squirrel. The tiger is nice. The tiger likes the cat. The tiger likes the squirrel. If someone likes the mouse and the mouse is not round then the mouse is cold. All rough people are not cold. If the mouse visits the tiger and the mouse is not cold then the tiger is cold. If someone eats the tiger and the tiger is cold then the tiger does not eat the cat. If someone is red and they visit the tiger then the tiger does not eat the cat. If the squirrel eats the tiger and the squirrel visits the cat then the tiger visits the cat. If the squirrel is not cold then the squirrel visits the cat. If someone visits the cat then the cat visits the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-1041", + "question": "The cat is blue. The cat is green. The cat likes the lion. The cat sees the cow. The cow eats the lion. The cow likes the rabbit. The cow sees the lion. The lion likes the rabbit. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit sees the lion. If something is round then it eats the rabbit. If something is green and it eats the rabbit then the rabbit eats the cat. If something sees the lion then it is blue. If something likes the cow then the cow sees the cat. If something is blue and it sees the lion then it is round. If something is cold then it sees the cat. If something eats the rabbit then it is cold.\n\nQuestion: The cow is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat is blue. The cat is green. The cat likes the lion. The cat sees the cow. The cow eats the lion. The cow likes the rabbit. The cow sees the lion. The lion likes the rabbit. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit sees the lion. If something is round then it eats the rabbit. If something is green and it eats the rabbit then the rabbit eats the cat. If something sees the lion then it is blue. If something likes the cow then the cow sees the cat. If something is blue and it sees the lion then it is round. If something is cold then it sees the cat. If something eats the rabbit then it is cold.", + "original_question": "The cow is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-384", + "question": "The bear chases the cat. The bear visits the tiger. The cat chases the dog. The cat is not young. The dog does not chase the bear. The dog eats the bear. The tiger visits the cat. If something chases the cat then the cat is not kind. If something visits the tiger then the tiger chases the cat. If the cat eats the dog and the dog chases the tiger then the tiger eats the bear. If something chases the cat then it is kind. If something visits the tiger and it does not eat the tiger then the tiger visits the bear. If something is kind then it visits the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The tiger does not visit the tiger.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the cat. The bear visits the tiger. The cat chases the dog. The cat is not young. The dog does not chase the bear. The dog eats the bear. The tiger visits the cat. If something chases the cat then the cat is not kind. If something visits the tiger then the tiger chases the cat. If the cat eats the dog and the dog chases the tiger then the tiger eats the bear. If something chases the cat then it is kind. If something visits the tiger and it does not eat the tiger then the tiger visits the bear. If something is kind then it visits the tiger.", + "original_question": "The tiger does not visit the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-354", + "question": "The dog likes the lion. The dog needs the lion. The lion does not like the dog. The lion does not need the mouse. The lion visits the dog. The mouse likes the lion. The mouse needs the dog. If someone visits the lion and they are not kind then they visit the dog. If the mouse is not blue then the mouse needs the lion. If someone is kind and young then they do not need the mouse. If someone is red and they do not need the dog then they are not cold. If someone is young then they like the mouse. If someone needs the dog then they are young.\n\nQuestion: The mouse is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The dog likes the lion. The dog needs the lion. The lion does not like the dog. The lion does not need the mouse. The lion visits the dog. The mouse likes the lion. The mouse needs the dog. If someone visits the lion and they are not kind then they visit the dog. If the mouse is not blue then the mouse needs the lion. If someone is kind and young then they do not need the mouse. If someone is red and they do not need the dog then they are not cold. If someone is young then they like the mouse. If someone needs the dog then they are young.", + "original_question": "The mouse is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-170", + "question": "The cat eats the squirrel. The squirrel eats the cat. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is round. The squirrel sees the tiger. The tiger is not nice. The tiger sees the cat. If the squirrel sees the tiger and the tiger does not chase the squirrel then the squirrel does not see the cat. If something chases the squirrel and it eats the squirrel then the squirrel chases the cat. If something sees the squirrel then it chases the tiger. If something sees the squirrel then the squirrel chases the tiger. If the squirrel is kind then the squirrel chases the tiger. If something sees the tiger then it sees the squirrel. If the tiger does not see the cat then the tiger is kind. If the tiger eats the squirrel then the tiger is cold.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel does not see the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the squirrel. The squirrel eats the cat. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is round. The squirrel sees the tiger. The tiger is not nice. The tiger sees the cat. If the squirrel sees the tiger and the tiger does not chase the squirrel then the squirrel does not see the cat. If something chases the squirrel and it eats the squirrel then the squirrel chases the cat. If something sees the squirrel then it chases the tiger. If something sees the squirrel then the squirrel chases the tiger. If the squirrel is kind then the squirrel chases the tiger. If something sees the tiger then it sees the squirrel. If the tiger does not see the cat then the tiger is kind. If the tiger eats the squirrel then the tiger is cold.", + "original_question": "The squirrel does not see the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-1156", + "question": "The cow is blue. The cow is kind. The cow is young. The cow sees the rabbit. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit is young. The rabbit needs the cow. If the cow sees the rabbit then the cow is young. If the rabbit is young and the rabbit sees the cow then the rabbit eats the cow. If someone is red then they are kind. If someone needs the rabbit and the rabbit eats the cow then they eat the rabbit. If someone needs the cow then they are kind. If someone eats the cow then the cow needs the rabbit. If someone needs the rabbit and they eat the cow then the rabbit eats the cow. If the cow needs the rabbit and the rabbit needs the cow then the cow is young.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not need the rabbit.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow is blue. The cow is kind. The cow is young. The cow sees the rabbit. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit is young. The rabbit needs the cow. If the cow sees the rabbit then the cow is young. If the rabbit is young and the rabbit sees the cow then the rabbit eats the cow. If someone is red then they are kind. If someone needs the rabbit and the rabbit eats the cow then they eat the rabbit. If someone needs the cow then they are kind. If someone eats the cow then the cow needs the rabbit. If someone needs the rabbit and they eat the cow then the rabbit eats the cow. If the cow needs the rabbit and the rabbit needs the cow then the cow is young.", + "original_question": "The cow does not need the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-323", + "question": "The bear sees the rabbit. The cow likes the rabbit. The cow needs the rabbit. The cow sees the rabbit. The dog is green. The dog is red. The dog likes the cow. The dog likes the rabbit. The dog needs the bear. The dog sees the cow. The dog sees the rabbit. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit needs the bear. The rabbit needs the cow. The rabbit sees the dog. If the bear is cold then the bear is red. If someone likes the rabbit and they are red then the rabbit likes the dog. If someone sees the dog and they need the bear then they are red. Green people are red. If someone is red then they need the cow. If someone sees the cow and they need the cow then they like the bear. All cold, kind people are green. If someone sees the bear and the bear is cold then the bear needs the rabbit. If someone sees the dog and the dog likes the bear then the bear is cold.\n\nQuestion: The bear is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear sees the rabbit. The cow likes the rabbit. The cow needs the rabbit. The cow sees the rabbit. The dog is green. The dog is red. The dog likes the cow. The dog likes the rabbit. The dog needs the bear. The dog sees the cow. The dog sees the rabbit. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit needs the bear. The rabbit needs the cow. The rabbit sees the dog. If the bear is cold then the bear is red. If someone likes the rabbit and they are red then the rabbit likes the dog. If someone sees the dog and they need the bear then they are red. Green people are red. If someone is red then they need the cow. If someone sees the cow and they need the cow then they like the bear. All cold, kind people are green. If someone sees the bear and the bear is cold then the bear needs the rabbit. If someone sees the dog and the dog likes the bear then the bear is cold.", + "original_question": "The bear is cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-1156", + "question": "The cow is blue. The cow is kind. The cow is young. The cow sees the rabbit. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit is young. The rabbit needs the cow. If the cow sees the rabbit then the cow is young. If the rabbit is young and the rabbit sees the cow then the rabbit eats the cow. If someone is red then they are kind. If someone needs the rabbit and the rabbit eats the cow then they eat the rabbit. If someone needs the cow then they are kind. If someone eats the cow then the cow needs the rabbit. If someone needs the rabbit and they eat the cow then the rabbit eats the cow. If the cow needs the rabbit and the rabbit needs the cow then the cow is young.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow is blue. The cow is kind. The cow is young. The cow sees the rabbit. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit is young. The rabbit needs the cow. If the cow sees the rabbit then the cow is young. If the rabbit is young and the rabbit sees the cow then the rabbit eats the cow. If someone is red then they are kind. If someone needs the rabbit and the rabbit eats the cow then they eat the rabbit. If someone needs the cow then they are kind. If someone eats the cow then the cow needs the rabbit. If someone needs the rabbit and they eat the cow then the rabbit eats the cow. If the cow needs the rabbit and the rabbit needs the cow then the cow is young.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1556", + "question": "The bear is cold. The mouse chases the tiger. The tiger visits the mouse. If something eats the bear then it is red. If the tiger chases the bear then the bear is green. If something is cold then it eats the mouse. If something is cold and it visits the tiger then the tiger is kind. If something visits the mouse then it chases the tiger. If something eats the mouse then the mouse eats the bear. If something visits the bear and the bear does not eat the mouse then it eats the tiger. If something eats the bear and it chases the bear then it eats the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The bear is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is cold. The mouse chases the tiger. The tiger visits the mouse. If something eats the bear then it is red. If the tiger chases the bear then the bear is green. If something is cold then it eats the mouse. If something is cold and it visits the tiger then the tiger is kind. If something visits the mouse then it chases the tiger. If something eats the mouse then the mouse eats the bear. If something visits the bear and the bear does not eat the mouse then it eats the tiger. If something eats the bear and it chases the bear then it eats the tiger.", + "original_question": "The bear is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-3500", + "question": "The bear eats the cat. The cat is young. The cow is kind. All green things are round. If something is blue and it chases the bear then the bear is young. If something is kind and it eats the bear then the bear chases the cat. If the cow eats the cat and the cow likes the bear then the cow eats the bear. If something eats the cow and the cow is blue then it eats the bear. If something eats the bear and it likes the cow then the bear chases the cat. If something chases the bear then it eats the bear. If something is kind and it likes the cow then the cow chases the bear.\n\nQuestion: The cow is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear eats the cat. The cat is young. The cow is kind. All green things are round. If something is blue and it chases the bear then the bear is young. If something is kind and it eats the bear then the bear chases the cat. If the cow eats the cat and the cow likes the bear then the cow eats the bear. If something eats the cow and the cow is blue then it eats the bear. If something eats the bear and it likes the cow then the bear chases the cat. If something chases the bear then it eats the bear. If something is kind and it likes the cow then the cow chases the bear.", + "original_question": "The cow is kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-649", + "question": "Charlie is big. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is smart. Fiona is big. Gary is blue. Gary is young. All big people are kind. Green people are smart. All blue, young people are smart. If someone is blue and smart then they are cold. Smart, blue people are green. Blue people are green. All kind people are blue.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is big. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is smart. Fiona is big. Gary is blue. Gary is young. All big people are kind. Green people are smart. All blue, young people are smart. If someone is blue and smart then they are cold. Smart, blue people are green. Blue people are green. All kind people are blue.", + "original_question": "Gary is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-374", + "question": "Bob is blue. Bob is nice. Erin is nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is round. Erin is not young. Gary is red. Round, rough things are young. All quiet things are blue.\n\nQuestion: Bob is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Bob is nice. Erin is nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is round. Erin is not young. Gary is red. Round, rough things are young. All quiet things are blue.", + "original_question": "Bob is blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1167", + "question": "The bald eagle needs the rabbit. The bald eagle visits the squirrel. The rabbit chases the bald eagle. The rabbit needs the bald eagle. The squirrel is green. The squirrel needs the bald eagle. The squirrel needs the rabbit. If someone visits the squirrel then the squirrel needs the rabbit. If someone visits the squirrel and the squirrel chases the rabbit then they chase the squirrel. If someone visits the squirrel then they visit the rabbit. If someone visits the squirrel then they need the bald eagle. If someone visits the rabbit then they visit the bald eagle. If someone visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is young. If someone visits the rabbit and they need the bald eagle then the rabbit visits the bald eagle. If someone chases the rabbit then they are young.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit visits the bald eagle.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle needs the rabbit. The bald eagle visits the squirrel. The rabbit chases the bald eagle. The rabbit needs the bald eagle. The squirrel is green. The squirrel needs the bald eagle. The squirrel needs the rabbit. If someone visits the squirrel then the squirrel needs the rabbit. If someone visits the squirrel and the squirrel chases the rabbit then they chase the squirrel. If someone visits the squirrel then they visit the rabbit. If someone visits the squirrel then they need the bald eagle. If someone visits the rabbit then they visit the bald eagle. If someone visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is young. If someone visits the rabbit and they need the bald eagle then the rabbit visits the bald eagle. If someone chases the rabbit then they are young.", + "original_question": "The rabbit visits the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-131", + "question": "The cow chases the squirrel. The squirrel chases the tiger. The tiger visits the cow. If someone visits the tiger and the tiger visits the squirrel then the squirrel sees the tiger. If someone is big then they see the tiger. If the tiger visits the cow then the cow does not visit the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel chases the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow chases the squirrel. The squirrel chases the tiger. The tiger visits the cow. If someone visits the tiger and the tiger visits the squirrel then the squirrel sees the tiger. If someone is big then they see the tiger. If the tiger visits the cow then the cow does not visit the tiger.", + "original_question": "The squirrel chases the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-902", + "question": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle needs the mouse. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow is blue. The dog chases the bald eagle. The dog chases the cow. The dog chases the mouse. The dog eats the mouse. The dog is green. The mouse needs the bald eagle. If the bald eagle eats the mouse and the mouse is nice then the mouse is rough. If something chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle is rough then the bald eagle eats the cow. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle is rough. If something chases the cow and it is nice then the cow chases the mouse. If something needs the bald eagle then it is blue. If something eats the cow then it is green. If something chases the dog then the dog eats the cow. If something eats the dog and the dog chases the mouse then the dog needs the bald eagle. If something is green and it needs the mouse then the mouse eats the cow.\n\nQuestion: The mouse eats the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle needs the mouse. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow is blue. The dog chases the bald eagle. The dog chases the cow. The dog chases the mouse. The dog eats the mouse. The dog is green. The mouse needs the bald eagle. If the bald eagle eats the mouse and the mouse is nice then the mouse is rough. If something chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle is rough then the bald eagle eats the cow. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle is rough. If something chases the cow and it is nice then the cow chases the mouse. If something needs the bald eagle then it is blue. If something eats the cow then it is green. If something chases the dog then the dog eats the cow. If something eats the dog and the dog chases the mouse then the dog needs the bald eagle. If something is green and it needs the mouse then the mouse eats the cow.", + "original_question": "The mouse eats the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-219", + "question": "When Bob walks around the neighborhood being nice and kind, the closer you get to him you can tell he is blue and red. Gary seems to be round. Harry may be round, but he is also kind. Round people who feel blue and are green in color are often young in age. Any person that's blue, young and green will turn out to be a nice person, too. People who are feeling blue and green are said to be red. A kind young person who is green will be cold. Any person who can be red and blue at the same time is cold. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough. Every single blue and red person who acts sort of rough tends to be green in places.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "When Bob walks around the neighborhood being nice and kind, the closer you get to him you can tell he is blue and red. Gary seems to be round. Harry may be round, but he is also kind. Round people who feel blue and are green in color are often young in age. Any person that's blue, young and green will turn out to be a nice person, too. People who are feeling blue and green are said to be red. A kind young person who is green will be cold. Any person who can be red and blue at the same time is cold. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough. Every single blue and red person who acts sort of rough tends to be green in places.", + "original_question": "Bob is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2863", + "question": "The cat chases the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cat. If something is kind and it needs the cat then it is nice. If something sees the cat and the cat sees the rabbit then the rabbit sees the cat. If something chases the cat then it needs the cat. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit sees the cat then the cat chases the rabbit. If something is young and it sees the rabbit then it needs the rabbit. If something sees the cat then it chases the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit needs the cat.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat chases the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cat. If something is kind and it needs the cat then it is nice. If something sees the cat and the cat sees the rabbit then the rabbit sees the cat. If something chases the cat then it needs the cat. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit sees the cat then the cat chases the rabbit. If something is young and it sees the rabbit then it needs the rabbit. If something sees the cat then it chases the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The rabbit needs the cat." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-2697", + "question": "The bald eagle likes the cat. The cat likes the squirrel. The mouse likes the bald eagle. The squirrel chases the bald eagle. If the bald eagle chases the cat then the cat chases the mouse. If someone likes the cat and the cat likes the squirrel then they need the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The cat likes the squirrel.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle likes the cat. The cat likes the squirrel. The mouse likes the bald eagle. The squirrel chases the bald eagle. If the bald eagle chases the cat then the cat chases the mouse. If someone likes the cat and the cat likes the squirrel then they need the mouse.", + "original_question": "The cat likes the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1588", + "question": "The mouse eats the squirrel. The mouse is not red. The squirrel is green. If someone eats the mouse then the mouse needs the squirrel. If the mouse is not rough and the mouse does not eat the squirrel then the mouse does not need the squirrel. If someone needs the squirrel then they need the mouse. If someone eats the squirrel then they eat the mouse. If someone is red and they eat the squirrel then the squirrel is big. If someone visits the squirrel then the squirrel is not kind. If someone visits the mouse and they do not need the mouse then the mouse visits the squirrel. If the mouse does not need the squirrel then the mouse visits the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The mouse needs the squirrel.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The mouse eats the squirrel. The mouse is not red. The squirrel is green. If someone eats the mouse then the mouse needs the squirrel. If the mouse is not rough and the mouse does not eat the squirrel then the mouse does not need the squirrel. If someone needs the squirrel then they need the mouse. If someone eats the squirrel then they eat the mouse. If someone is red and they eat the squirrel then the squirrel is big. If someone visits the squirrel then the squirrel is not kind. If someone visits the mouse and they do not need the mouse then the mouse visits the squirrel. If the mouse does not need the squirrel then the mouse visits the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The mouse needs the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1503", + "question": "The bear eats the cow. The bear is cold. The bear is kind. The bear visits the dog. The cat eats the cow. The cat is big. The cat sees the cow. The cat sees the dog. The cat visits the bear. The cow eats the cat. The cow is big. The cow is cold. The cow sees the bear. The cow visits the cat. The dog is round. The dog visits the cat. If the cat visits the bear then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cow sees the cat. If the cow visits the cat and the cow sees the cat then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cat is round. If someone is nice then they visit the dog. If someone is round then they visit the cow. If someone eats the dog and they see the cat then the dog eats the cat. If someone sees the cat and the cat visits the cow then the cat sees the dog.\n\nQuestion: The dog visits the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bear eats the cow. The bear is cold. The bear is kind. The bear visits the dog. The cat eats the cow. The cat is big. The cat sees the cow. The cat sees the dog. The cat visits the bear. The cow eats the cat. The cow is big. The cow is cold. The cow sees the bear. The cow visits the cat. The dog is round. The dog visits the cat. If the cat visits the bear then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cow sees the cat. If the cow visits the cat and the cow sees the cat then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cat is round. If someone is nice then they visit the dog. If someone is round then they visit the cow. If someone eats the dog and they see the cat then the dog eats the cat. If someone sees the cat and the cat visits the cow then the cat sees the dog.", + "original_question": "The dog visits the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1475", + "question": "Charlie is big. Charlie is rough. Charlie is not young. Erin is rough. Erin is smart. Gary is big. Gary is quiet. If Gary is rough then Gary is not kind. All big things are quiet. All smart things are quiet. Big things are kind. If Erin is kind then Erin is quiet. If something is rough then it is cold. Smart things are rough. Quiet things are big.\n\nQuestion: Erin is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is big. Charlie is rough. Charlie is not young. Erin is rough. Erin is smart. Gary is big. Gary is quiet. If Gary is rough then Gary is not kind. All big things are quiet. All smart things are quiet. Big things are kind. If Erin is kind then Erin is quiet. If something is rough then it is cold. Smart things are rough. Quiet things are big.", + "original_question": "Erin is big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-325", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle eats the cow. The bear eats the bald eagle. The bear is green. The cow chases the bear. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the bear. If someone sees the cow and they are not green then the cow is young. If the cow eats the bald eagle then the cow is not young. If someone chases the cow then the cow is not nice. If someone eats the bear then the bear chases the cow. If someone chases the cow then they eat the bear. If someone is red then they chase the bear.\n\nQuestion: The cow sees the bald eagle.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle eats the cow. The bear eats the bald eagle. The bear is green. The cow chases the bear. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the bear. If someone sees the cow and they are not green then the cow is young. If the cow eats the bald eagle then the cow is not young. If someone chases the cow then the cow is not nice. If someone eats the bear then the bear chases the cow. If someone chases the cow then they eat the bear. If someone is red then they chase the bear.", + "original_question": "The cow sees the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-165", + "question": "That guy Alan sure is nice. Charlie discovered that even though he was round, rough, and nice and green, he was actually big. Dave is a cold and round man who has red and green skin. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Harry. People who have green body paint and act kind to others are quite young. A very nice person who is also green is certainly kind. Big people with red hair are cold because they cannot find coats that fit. Most young kind people tend to be red too.\n\nQuestion: Dave is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "That guy Alan sure is nice. Charlie discovered that even though he was round, rough, and nice and green, he was actually big. Dave is a cold and round man who has red and green skin. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Harry. People who have green body paint and act kind to others are quite young. A very nice person who is also green is certainly kind. Big people with red hair are cold because they cannot find coats that fit. Most young kind people tend to be red too.", + "original_question": "Dave is round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-354", + "question": "The dog likes the lion. The dog needs the lion. The lion does not like the dog. The lion does not need the mouse. The lion visits the dog. The mouse likes the lion. The mouse needs the dog. If someone visits the lion and they are not kind then they visit the dog. If the mouse is not blue then the mouse needs the lion. If someone is kind and young then they do not need the mouse. If someone is red and they do not need the dog then they are not cold. If someone is young then they like the mouse. If someone needs the dog then they are young.\n\nQuestion: The mouse is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The dog likes the lion. The dog needs the lion. The lion does not like the dog. The lion does not need the mouse. The lion visits the dog. The mouse likes the lion. The mouse needs the dog. If someone visits the lion and they are not kind then they visit the dog. If the mouse is not blue then the mouse needs the lion. If someone is kind and young then they do not need the mouse. If someone is red and they do not need the dog then they are not cold. If someone is young then they like the mouse. If someone needs the dog then they are young.", + "original_question": "The mouse is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-439", + "question": "The bald eagle is round. The mouse eats the squirrel. The mouse is cold. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the squirrel. The rabbit sees the mouse. The rabbit does not visit the bald eagle. The squirrel is not big. The squirrel does not visit the bald eagle. The squirrel visits the rabbit. If something sees the rabbit then it visits the bald eagle. If the mouse sees the rabbit and the rabbit is blue then the mouse is blue. If something is cold then it sees the rabbit. If something visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is cold. If something visits the rabbit then the rabbit sees the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The mouse sees the rabbit.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is round. The mouse eats the squirrel. The mouse is cold. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the squirrel. The rabbit sees the mouse. The rabbit does not visit the bald eagle. The squirrel is not big. The squirrel does not visit the bald eagle. The squirrel visits the rabbit. If something sees the rabbit then it visits the bald eagle. If the mouse sees the rabbit and the rabbit is blue then the mouse is blue. If something is cold then it sees the rabbit. If something visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is cold. If something visits the rabbit then the rabbit sees the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The mouse sees the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-625", + "question": "The bear eats the squirrel. The bear is nice. The bear is round. The bear needs the squirrel. The cow does not eat the tiger. The cow is cold. The cow needs the tiger. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel does not see the bear. The squirrel sees the tiger. The tiger needs the bear. If the squirrel is blue then the squirrel sees the tiger. If someone sees the tiger then they need the cow. If someone eats the tiger and they are not blue then they eat the cow. If someone needs the cow then they eat the bear. If someone is cold then they see the tiger. If someone needs the cow then they see the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The tiger does not need the bear.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear eats the squirrel. The bear is nice. The bear is round. The bear needs the squirrel. The cow does not eat the tiger. The cow is cold. The cow needs the tiger. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel does not see the bear. The squirrel sees the tiger. The tiger needs the bear. If the squirrel is blue then the squirrel sees the tiger. If someone sees the tiger then they need the cow. If someone eats the tiger and they are not blue then they eat the cow. If someone needs the cow then they eat the bear. If someone is cold then they see the tiger. If someone needs the cow then they see the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The tiger does not need the bear." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-987", + "question": "The bear is blue. The bear is cold. The bear is round. If the bear is young and the bear is round then the bear is green. If the bear is blue then the bear is young. If someone is cold and blue then they are round.\n\nQuestion: The bear is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bear is blue. The bear is cold. The bear is round. If the bear is young and the bear is round then the bear is green. If the bear is blue then the bear is young. If someone is cold and blue then they are round.", + "original_question": "The bear is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-2105", + "question": "The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The rabbit is round. The tiger does not see the rabbit. If something chases the bald eagle then it does not chase the tiger. If something is rough then it likes the tiger. If the bald eagle sees the rabbit and the rabbit is not rough then the rabbit is red. If the tiger does not see the rabbit and the rabbit is not rough then the tiger likes the rabbit. If something sees the rabbit then the rabbit likes the bald eagle. If the bald eagle is not round then the bald eagle sees the rabbit. If something likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the tiger. If something sees the rabbit and it does not see the tiger then the rabbit chases the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle sees the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The rabbit is round. The tiger does not see the rabbit. If something chases the bald eagle then it does not chase the tiger. If something is rough then it likes the tiger. If the bald eagle sees the rabbit and the rabbit is not rough then the rabbit is red. If the tiger does not see the rabbit and the rabbit is not rough then the tiger likes the rabbit. If something sees the rabbit then the rabbit likes the bald eagle. If the bald eagle is not round then the bald eagle sees the rabbit. If something likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the tiger. If something sees the rabbit and it does not see the tiger then the rabbit chases the tiger.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle sees the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-2256", + "question": "Dave is cold. Erin is big. All cold people are big. If someone is young then they are cold. Blue, rough people are young. All big people are cold. If someone is big then they are rough. If someone is cold then they are kind.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is cold. Erin is big. All cold people are big. If someone is young then they are cold. Blue, rough people are young. All big people are cold. If someone is big then they are rough. If someone is cold then they are kind.", + "original_question": "Erin is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1493", + "question": "Bob is furry. Bob is quiet. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Charlie is big. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is rough. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Harry is quiet. Harry is round. Harry is white. Big people are young. If someone is round and white then they are young. If someone is young then they are furry.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is furry. Bob is quiet. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Charlie is big. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is rough. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Harry is quiet. Harry is round. Harry is white. Big people are young. If someone is round and white then they are young. If someone is young then they are furry.", + "original_question": "Harry is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-4411", + "question": "Bob is kind. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Charlie is big. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is round. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Dave is young. Erin is big. Erin is not nice. Erin is not quiet. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Erin is young. All quiet people are big. All quiet people are not nice. All smart people are round. If Dave is round and Dave is nice then Dave is big. If someone is kind and not nice then they are smart. If someone is nice then they are smart. If Erin is nice and Erin is round then Erin is smart. If someone is round then they are kind.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Charlie is big. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is round. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Dave is young. Erin is big. Erin is not nice. Erin is not quiet. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Erin is young. All quiet people are big. All quiet people are not nice. All smart people are round. If Dave is round and Dave is nice then Dave is big. If someone is kind and not nice then they are smart. If someone is nice then they are smart. If Erin is nice and Erin is round then Erin is smart. If someone is round then they are kind.", + "original_question": "Erin is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-491", + "question": "The cat chases the lion. The cow likes the lion. The lion likes the cat. If something likes the lion then it is nice. If something chases the cow then the cow is kind. Kind things are nice.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not like the lion.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat chases the lion. The cow likes the lion. The lion likes the cat. If something likes the lion then it is nice. If something chases the cow then the cow is kind. Kind things are nice.", + "original_question": "The cow does not like the lion." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-5853", + "question": "The cow eats the lion. The cow eats the squirrel. The cow needs the lion. The cow visits the lion. The lion eats the cow. The lion is blue. The lion is young. The lion needs the squirrel. The lion visits the cow. The squirrel needs the cow. If someone needs the lion then they eat the squirrel. If someone is rough and they eat the cow then they need the lion. If someone needs the cow then they visit the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not visit the lion.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow eats the lion. The cow eats the squirrel. The cow needs the lion. The cow visits the lion. The lion eats the cow. The lion is blue. The lion is young. The lion needs the squirrel. The lion visits the cow. The squirrel needs the cow. If someone needs the lion then they eat the squirrel. If someone is rough and they eat the cow then they need the lion. If someone needs the cow then they visit the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The cow does not visit the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1108", + "question": "Bob is blue. Bob is round. Bob is white. All round people are big. All green, white people are nice. All big people are green.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Bob is round. Bob is white. All round people are big. All green, white people are nice. All big people are green.", + "original_question": "Bob is not big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-175", + "question": "Alan is rather round shaped nice fellow who is feeling blue and looking green today. Charlie seems to be round. Eric seems to be round. No one knows Harry like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Round people who feel blue and are green in color are often young in age. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. Young people who are cold and blue are actually kind. Rough people who are kind and green with envy are red with their toughened skin. When green, young and round fits a person, you'll see that rough will also fit. Anyone rough in texture and young in age is a cold person. Most young kind people tend to be red too.\n\nQuestion: Alan is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Alan is rather round shaped nice fellow who is feeling blue and looking green today. Charlie seems to be round. Eric seems to be round. No one knows Harry like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Round people who feel blue and are green in color are often young in age. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. Young people who are cold and blue are actually kind. Rough people who are kind and green with envy are red with their toughened skin. When green, young and round fits a person, you'll see that rough will also fit. Anyone rough in texture and young in age is a cold person. Most young kind people tend to be red too.", + "original_question": "Alan is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-9", + "question": "Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is round. Gary is blue. Gary is round. Harry is cold. Harry is rough. If something is blue and kind then it is round. Kind, round things are young. All cold things are kind. If something is kind and blue then it is rough. If something is young then it is nice. Cold things are round.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is round. Gary is blue. Gary is round. Harry is cold. Harry is rough. If something is blue and kind then it is round. Kind, round things are young. All cold things are kind. If something is kind and blue then it is rough. If something is young then it is nice. Cold things are round.", + "original_question": "Harry is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1447", + "question": "The rabbit is cold. All cold things are green. All green things are round. If something is young and not green then it is round. If something is round and not cold then it is red. All young things are red. Round things are red.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The rabbit is cold. All cold things are green. All green things are round. If something is young and not green then it is round. If something is round and not cold then it is red. All young things are red. Round things are red.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is not green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-98", + "question": "Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Furry, nice things are rough. Round things are furry. All nice, cold things are furry. Kind things are nice. If something is nice then it is big. If something is furry and nice then it is cold. If something is furry then it is kind. If Fiona is cold and Fiona is nice then Fiona is rough.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Furry, nice things are rough. Round things are furry. All nice, cold things are furry. Kind things are nice. If something is nice then it is big. If something is furry and nice then it is cold. If something is furry then it is kind. If Fiona is cold and Fiona is nice then Fiona is rough.", + "original_question": "Dave is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1895", + "question": "Erin is cold. Fiona is smart. If something is cold then it is rough. All rough things are red. Red things are kind. All cold things are blue. If Fiona is cold then Fiona is big. All rough, blue things are red. If something is blue and smart then it is red. Kind things are blue.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Erin is cold. Fiona is smart. If something is cold then it is rough. All rough things are red. Red things are kind. All cold things are blue. If Fiona is cold then Fiona is big. All rough, blue things are red. If something is blue and smart then it is red. Kind things are blue.", + "original_question": "Erin is not red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-382", + "question": "The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle likes the mouse. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is not round. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The squirrel likes the rabbit. If someone is blue then they see the squirrel. If someone visits the rabbit and they like the bald eagle then they see the squirrel. If the mouse does not visit the rabbit then the rabbit does not visit the squirrel. If the bald eagle likes the mouse then the bald eagle likes the squirrel. If someone visits the bald eagle then they are red. If someone is red and they like the squirrel then they are not blue.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle likes the squirrel.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle likes the mouse. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is not round. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The squirrel likes the rabbit. If someone is blue then they see the squirrel. If someone visits the rabbit and they like the bald eagle then they see the squirrel. If the mouse does not visit the rabbit then the rabbit does not visit the squirrel. If the bald eagle likes the mouse then the bald eagle likes the squirrel. If someone visits the bald eagle then they are red. If someone is red and they like the squirrel then they are not blue.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle likes the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-419", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is rough. Anne is smart. Erin is smart. Fiona is cold. Fiona is round. Harry is cold. If someone is cold then they are young. Cold people are young. If someone is round then they are rough. If someone is rough and young then they are furry. If someone is young then they are round. Rough people are green. If someone is round and young then they are cold. If someone is furry then they are smart.\n\nQuestion: Harry is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is rough. Anne is smart. Erin is smart. Fiona is cold. Fiona is round. Harry is cold. If someone is cold then they are young. Cold people are young. If someone is round then they are rough. If someone is rough and young then they are furry. If someone is young then they are round. Rough people are green. If someone is round and young then they are cold. If someone is furry then they are smart.", + "original_question": "Harry is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-647", + "question": "Bob is green. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Dave is smart. Harry is green. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. Harry is smart. If Harry is quiet then Harry is nice. Green things are nice. If something is green and nice then it is cold. If Harry is cold then Harry is red. Cold things are green. All cold things are furry.\n\nQuestion: Bob is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Bob is green. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Dave is smart. Harry is green. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. Harry is smart. If Harry is quiet then Harry is nice. Green things are nice. If something is green and nice then it is cold. If Harry is cold then Harry is red. Cold things are green. All cold things are furry.", + "original_question": "Bob is furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-63", + "question": "The battery is flat. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the bell. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The wire is not conducting.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The battery is flat. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the bell. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The wire is not conducting." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1224", + "question": "The bear chases the dog. The bear is green. The bear does not need the dog. The bear visits the dog. The dog is big. The dog is not green. The dog visits the bear. If someone chases the bear then the bear does not need the dog. If the dog needs the bear then the dog chases the bear. If someone visits the dog then they do not chase the bear. If someone needs the bear then they do not visit the dog. If someone is green then they do not need the bear. If someone visits the dog then they are not round. If the dog is not green then the dog needs the bear. If someone chases the bear then they chase the dog.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not chase the dog.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the dog. The bear is green. The bear does not need the dog. The bear visits the dog. The dog is big. The dog is not green. The dog visits the bear. If someone chases the bear then the bear does not need the dog. If the dog needs the bear then the dog chases the bear. If someone visits the dog then they do not chase the bear. If someone needs the bear then they do not visit the dog. If someone is green then they do not need the bear. If someone visits the dog then they are not round. If the dog is not green then the dog needs the bear. If someone chases the bear then they chase the dog.", + "original_question": "The dog does not chase the dog." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1293", + "question": "The dog eats the rabbit. The dog is cold. The dog is not green. The dog is not nice. The mouse chases the dog. The mouse likes the rabbit. The rabbit eats the dog. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit does not chase the mouse then the rabbit likes the dog. If something is cold then it is not nice. If the mouse is nice then the mouse chases the dog. Cold things are not green. If something eats the rabbit then it eats the mouse. If something is nice and big then it does not like the rabbit. If something eats the mouse then the mouse eats the rabbit. If something likes the dog then the dog does not chase the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not eat the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The dog eats the rabbit. The dog is cold. The dog is not green. The dog is not nice. The mouse chases the dog. The mouse likes the rabbit. The rabbit eats the dog. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit does not chase the mouse then the rabbit likes the dog. If something is cold then it is not nice. If the mouse is nice then the mouse chases the dog. Cold things are not green. If something eats the rabbit then it eats the mouse. If something is nice and big then it does not like the rabbit. If something eats the mouse then the mouse eats the rabbit. If something likes the dog then the dog does not chase the mouse.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not eat the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1708", + "question": "Bob is smart. Charlie is big. Charlie is cold. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Erin is big. Erin is cold. Erin is nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is not rough. Erin is not smart. Erin is young. Gary is not cold. Gary is nice. Gary is rough. Smart people are young. If someone is young then they are quiet. If someone is quiet and young then they are not rough.\n\nQuestion: Bob is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is smart. Charlie is big. Charlie is cold. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Erin is big. Erin is cold. Erin is nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is not rough. Erin is not smart. Erin is young. Gary is not cold. Gary is nice. Gary is rough. Smart people are young. If someone is young then they are quiet. If someone is quiet and young then they are not rough.", + "original_question": "Bob is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1302", + "question": "The cat chases the cow. The cat is blue. The cat is cold. The cat is green. The cat is nice. The cat needs the cow. The cat sees the cow. The cow chases the cat. The cow is big. The cow is blue. The cow is cold. The cow is green. The cow is nice. The cow needs the cat. The cow sees the cat. If someone needs the cow and they chase the cat then the cow is cold. If someone sees the cow and they are blue then they chase the cat. If someone needs the cat and the cat needs the cow then they see the cat. Big people are blue. If someone sees the cow and they chase the cat then they need the cat. If someone chases the cow then the cow is cold.\n\nQuestion: The cat needs the cat.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The cat chases the cow. The cat is blue. The cat is cold. The cat is green. The cat is nice. The cat needs the cow. The cat sees the cow. The cow chases the cat. The cow is big. The cow is blue. The cow is cold. The cow is green. The cow is nice. The cow needs the cat. The cow sees the cat. If someone needs the cow and they chase the cat then the cow is cold. If someone sees the cow and they are blue then they chase the cat. If someone needs the cat and the cat needs the cow then they see the cat. Big people are blue. If someone sees the cow and they chase the cat then they need the cat. If someone chases the cow then the cow is cold.", + "original_question": "The cat needs the cat." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-690", + "question": "The bear likes the tiger. The bear does not visit the dog. The dog is not cold. The dog is kind. The dog likes the bear. The dog sees the tiger. The dog visits the tiger. The squirrel is not blue. The squirrel does not like the dog. The squirrel does not like the tiger. The squirrel sees the tiger. The squirrel visits the dog. The tiger is not young. The tiger likes the bear. The tiger likes the squirrel. The tiger sees the squirrel. If the squirrel sees the dog then the dog likes the squirrel. If someone visits the tiger and they visit the dog then they are green. If the bear is kind and the bear sees the dog then the dog likes the bear. If someone is green then they see the dog. If someone sees the tiger then they visit the tiger. If someone likes the squirrel and the squirrel is green then they visit the bear. If someone likes the tiger and they do not like the bear then they are young.\n\nQuestion: The dog likes the squirrel.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "The bear likes the tiger. The bear does not visit the dog. The dog is not cold. The dog is kind. The dog likes the bear. The dog sees the tiger. The dog visits the tiger. The squirrel is not blue. The squirrel does not like the dog. The squirrel does not like the tiger. The squirrel sees the tiger. The squirrel visits the dog. The tiger is not young. The tiger likes the bear. The tiger likes the squirrel. The tiger sees the squirrel. If the squirrel sees the dog then the dog likes the squirrel. If someone visits the tiger and they visit the dog then they are green. If the bear is kind and the bear sees the dog then the dog likes the bear. If someone is green then they see the dog. If someone sees the tiger then they visit the tiger. If someone likes the squirrel and the squirrel is green then they visit the bear. If someone likes the tiger and they do not like the bear then they are young.", + "original_question": "The dog likes the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1081", + "question": "Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Erin is blue. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is nice. Fiona is cold. Fiona is kind. Fiona is red. Fiona is round. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is round. Smart things are kind. Nice things are smart. All red, kind things are cold.\n\nQuestion: Harry is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Erin is blue. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is nice. Fiona is cold. Fiona is kind. Fiona is red. Fiona is round. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is round. Smart things are kind. Nice things are smart. All red, kind things are cold.", + "original_question": "Harry is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-548", + "question": "Anne is furry. Charlie is quiet. Fiona is cold. If Charlie is quiet then Charlie is white. All quiet people are furry. If someone is smart then they are not furry. If Charlie is cold then Charlie is quiet. If someone is furry and not quiet then they are nice. All furry people are nice.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Charlie is quiet. Fiona is cold. If Charlie is quiet then Charlie is white. All quiet people are furry. If someone is smart then they are not furry. If Charlie is cold then Charlie is quiet. If someone is furry and not quiet then they are nice. All furry people are nice.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-194", + "question": "The bald eagle likes the cat. The bald eagle likes the cow. The bald eagle visits the cow. The bear needs the cow. The cat likes the bear. The cat needs the bear. The cat visits the bald eagle. The cow is round. The cow likes the bear. The cow visits the bald eagle. If someone needs the bald eagle then the bald eagle is cold. If someone is rough then they visit the bear. If someone likes the cat then the cat needs the bear. If someone likes the bear then they like the bald eagle. If someone is rough and round then they need the bear. If someone needs the cow then they visit the cow. If someone likes the bald eagle then they visit the bear. If someone needs the cow and the cow visits the bear then the cow needs the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not like the bald eagle.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle likes the cat. The bald eagle likes the cow. The bald eagle visits the cow. The bear needs the cow. The cat likes the bear. The cat needs the bear. The cat visits the bald eagle. The cow is round. The cow likes the bear. The cow visits the bald eagle. If someone needs the bald eagle then the bald eagle is cold. If someone is rough then they visit the bear. If someone likes the cat then the cat needs the bear. If someone likes the bear then they like the bald eagle. If someone is rough and round then they need the bear. If someone needs the cow then they visit the cow. If someone likes the bald eagle then they visit the bear. If someone needs the cow and the cow visits the bear then the cow needs the cat.", + "original_question": "The cat does not like the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-3029", + "question": "The dog eats the tiger. The dog is nice. The lion chases the dog. The lion chases the tiger. The lion eats the tiger. The lion is blue. The lion is cold. The lion likes the dog. The squirrel is blue. The tiger chases the dog. The tiger chases the lion. The tiger chases the squirrel. The tiger eats the dog. The tiger likes the dog. The tiger likes the lion. The tiger likes the squirrel. If someone eats the dog then the dog chases the tiger. If someone chases the squirrel then the squirrel is cold. If the squirrel likes the tiger and the squirrel likes the dog then the squirrel eats the dog. If someone eats the dog and the dog eats the lion then they chase the tiger. If someone is cold and they eat the dog then they are young. If the squirrel is nice then the squirrel likes the dog.\n\nQuestion: The dog chases the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The dog eats the tiger. The dog is nice. The lion chases the dog. The lion chases the tiger. The lion eats the tiger. The lion is blue. The lion is cold. The lion likes the dog. The squirrel is blue. The tiger chases the dog. The tiger chases the lion. The tiger chases the squirrel. The tiger eats the dog. The tiger likes the dog. The tiger likes the lion. The tiger likes the squirrel. If someone eats the dog then the dog chases the tiger. If someone chases the squirrel then the squirrel is cold. If the squirrel likes the tiger and the squirrel likes the dog then the squirrel eats the dog. If someone eats the dog and the dog eats the lion then they chase the tiger. If someone is cold and they eat the dog then they are young. If the squirrel is nice then the squirrel likes the dog.", + "original_question": "The dog chases the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-134", + "question": "Bob is green. Bob is rough. Bob is smart. Dave is big. Dave is blue. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is smart. Fiona is rough. Fiona is smart. If someone is smart and big then they are blue. All smart people are furry. Rough, green people are big. All green, rough people are smart. If someone is blue and rough then they are quiet. If Bob is blue and Bob is smart then Bob is big. All quiet people are big. If someone is big then they are furry.\n\nQuestion: Bob is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is green. Bob is rough. Bob is smart. Dave is big. Dave is blue. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is smart. Fiona is rough. Fiona is smart. If someone is smart and big then they are blue. All smart people are furry. Rough, green people are big. All green, rough people are smart. If someone is blue and rough then they are quiet. If Bob is blue and Bob is smart then Bob is big. All quiet people are big. If someone is big then they are furry.", + "original_question": "Bob is furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1383", + "question": "The dog likes the lion. The lion eats the mouse. The mouse likes the dog. If something eats the lion then the lion likes the dog. If the lion visits the mouse and the lion eats the mouse then the lion is kind. If something likes the lion then it is kind. If something likes the lion then the lion is nice. If something visits the dog then it visits the mouse. If something likes the mouse then it does not like the dog. If something likes the dog and the dog is kind then the dog is not big. If the dog is kind and the dog is not big then the dog visits the lion.\n\nQuestion: The dog visits the lion.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The dog likes the lion. The lion eats the mouse. The mouse likes the dog. If something eats the lion then the lion likes the dog. If the lion visits the mouse and the lion eats the mouse then the lion is kind. If something likes the lion then it is kind. If something likes the lion then the lion is nice. If something visits the dog then it visits the mouse. If something likes the mouse then it does not like the dog. If something likes the dog and the dog is kind then the dog is not big. If the dog is kind and the dog is not big then the dog visits the lion.", + "original_question": "The dog visits the lion." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-991", + "question": "The bald eagle is big. The bear needs the cat. The cat does not chase the bald eagle. The lion is big. If someone is kind then they do not eat the lion. If the bald eagle is big then the bald eagle needs the lion. If someone is rough and they chase the bear then they do not need the bear. If someone needs the lion then the lion is kind. If someone needs the bear then they chase the lion. If someone chases the bear and they are kind then the bear chases the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle needs the lion.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is big. The bear needs the cat. The cat does not chase the bald eagle. The lion is big. If someone is kind then they do not eat the lion. If the bald eagle is big then the bald eagle needs the lion. If someone is rough and they chase the bear then they do not need the bear. If someone needs the lion then the lion is kind. If someone needs the bear then they chase the lion. If someone chases the bear and they are kind then the bear chases the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle needs the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-175", + "question": "Fiona is big. Fiona is green. Fiona is white. Harry is furry. Harry is not rough. Harry is smart. Harry is white. Big, furry things are green. All big things are green. All white things are furry. If Fiona is furry then Fiona is not round. If Fiona is green and Fiona is round then Fiona is not big. White things are smart. If Fiona is round and Fiona is green then Fiona is rough. If Fiona is big then Fiona is smart.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Fiona is big. Fiona is green. Fiona is white. Harry is furry. Harry is not rough. Harry is smart. Harry is white. Big, furry things are green. All big things are green. All white things are furry. If Fiona is furry then Fiona is not round. If Fiona is green and Fiona is round then Fiona is not big. White things are smart. If Fiona is round and Fiona is green then Fiona is rough. If Fiona is big then Fiona is smart.", + "original_question": "Harry is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1297", + "question": "The bear chases the cow. The bear chases the tiger. The bear is blue. The bear is kind. The bear visits the cow. The cow chases the tiger. The cow needs the bear. The cow visits the bear. The tiger chases the bear. The tiger does not need the bear. The tiger does not visit the bear. The tiger visits the cow. If something visits the tiger then the tiger is not kind. If something chases the bear and the bear does not chase the cow then the bear needs the tiger. If something needs the tiger then it visits the tiger. If something needs the bear and the bear chases the cow then the cow needs the tiger. If the tiger is rough then the tiger needs the bear. If something is kind and it visits the tiger then the tiger is blue.\n\nQuestion: The cow visits the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the cow. The bear chases the tiger. The bear is blue. The bear is kind. The bear visits the cow. The cow chases the tiger. The cow needs the bear. The cow visits the bear. The tiger chases the bear. The tiger does not need the bear. The tiger does not visit the bear. The tiger visits the cow. If something visits the tiger then the tiger is not kind. If something chases the bear and the bear does not chase the cow then the bear needs the tiger. If something needs the tiger then it visits the tiger. If something needs the bear and the bear chases the cow then the cow needs the tiger. If the tiger is rough then the tiger needs the bear. If something is kind and it visits the tiger then the tiger is blue.", + "original_question": "The cow visits the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-1819", + "question": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle is young. Young people are red. If the bald eagle is young then the bald eagle is nice.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle is young. Young people are red. If the bald eagle is young then the bald eagle is nice.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle is nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-480", + "question": "The dog eats the mouse. The mouse needs the dog. If the mouse eats the dog then the mouse sees the dog. If someone needs the mouse then the mouse eats the dog. If someone is red then they see the dog. If someone needs the dog and the dog sees the mouse then the dog needs the mouse. If someone eats the dog then the dog eats the mouse. If someone eats the mouse and the mouse needs the dog then the dog needs the mouse. If someone is round then they see the mouse. If someone eats the dog then the dog is round.\n\nQuestion: The mouse needs the dog.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The dog eats the mouse. The mouse needs the dog. If the mouse eats the dog then the mouse sees the dog. If someone needs the mouse then the mouse eats the dog. If someone is red then they see the dog. If someone needs the dog and the dog sees the mouse then the dog needs the mouse. If someone eats the dog then the dog eats the mouse. If someone eats the mouse and the mouse needs the dog then the dog needs the mouse. If someone is round then they see the mouse. If someone eats the dog then the dog is round.", + "original_question": "The mouse needs the dog." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-288", + "question": "For being so cold, it's good Alan can remain nice. Eric is young and green. This makes him cold to others. Fred is a kind person and he is also often cold. That guy Harry sure is nice. All those who are nice and big are red. If you come across a young, blue person you can count on them being nice to you. People who are said to be big and nice are round. People who are young are also blue. A kind person will certainly be young.\n\nQuestion: Fred is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "For being so cold, it's good Alan can remain nice. Eric is young and green. This makes him cold to others. Fred is a kind person and he is also often cold. That guy Harry sure is nice. All those who are nice and big are red. If you come across a young, blue person you can count on them being nice to you. People who are said to be big and nice are round. People who are young are also blue. A kind person will certainly be young.", + "original_question": "Fred is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-1617", + "question": "Gary is big. Gary is green. Gary is round. If Gary is big and Gary is green then Gary is quiet. If someone is blue and big then they are not rough. If someone is round and green then they are rough. If someone is big and round then they are rough. If Gary is green and Gary is blue then Gary is red. If Gary is rough then Gary is round. Round, quiet people are not red. If Gary is round and Gary is blue then Gary is green.\n\nQuestion: Gary is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Gary is big. Gary is green. Gary is round. If Gary is big and Gary is green then Gary is quiet. If someone is blue and big then they are not rough. If someone is round and green then they are rough. If someone is big and round then they are rough. If Gary is green and Gary is blue then Gary is red. If Gary is rough then Gary is round. Round, quiet people are not red. If Gary is round and Gary is blue then Gary is green.", + "original_question": "Gary is big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-383", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is furry. Anne is green. Anne is nice. Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is nice. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Dave is not cold. Dave is round. Dave is white. Dave is young. Fiona is cold. Fiona is white. All white things are nice. If something is round then it is nice. If something is white and nice then it is furry. Young, cold things are white. All white, round things are green. Round things are young.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is furry. Anne is green. Anne is nice. Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is nice. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Dave is not cold. Dave is round. Dave is white. Dave is young. Fiona is cold. Fiona is white. All white things are nice. If something is round then it is nice. If something is white and nice then it is furry. Young, cold things are white. All white, round things are green. Round things are young.", + "original_question": "Fiona is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-471", + "question": "Alan is green and cold too. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Charlie. Gary is young and green. He is round with rosy red skin which makes him blue. Harry seems to be round. If a person is described as being nice, cold and young it usually follow that they are red. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. Even though young people are rough, they are still very red. Anyone feeling cold is bound to act nice. Any person who can be red and blue at the same time is cold. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough. A cold blue person who is rough is also kind.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Alan is green and cold too. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Charlie. Gary is young and green. He is round with rosy red skin which makes him blue. Harry seems to be round. If a person is described as being nice, cold and young it usually follow that they are red. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. Even though young people are rough, they are still very red. Anyone feeling cold is bound to act nice. Any person who can be red and blue at the same time is cold. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough. A cold blue person who is rough is also kind.", + "original_question": "Gary is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-53", + "question": "Alan is a kind person and he is also often cold. After Dave got wet in the rain, he feels cold. He also looks green but big. Fred was proud of being round, yet rough. His red cheeks glowed. Gary is green and cold too. A very big person who is green but also red is a rough person. If you pass someone who is red and round and kind, you'll notice they act in a cold manner. Anyone having rough, cold and green qualities will also have a big quality. Count on anyone you meet who is big, round, and red also being kind. People that are rough and red in the face, are usually big in size. When you meet and big and nice man, they will be kind to the earth and live green lifestyle. A young aged and big blue person will definitely be cold.\n\nQuestion: Fred is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Alan is a kind person and he is also often cold. After Dave got wet in the rain, he feels cold. He also looks green but big. Fred was proud of being round, yet rough. His red cheeks glowed. Gary is green and cold too. A very big person who is green but also red is a rough person. If you pass someone who is red and round and kind, you'll notice they act in a cold manner. Anyone having rough, cold and green qualities will also have a big quality. Count on anyone you meet who is big, round, and red also being kind. People that are rough and red in the face, are usually big in size. When you meet and big and nice man, they will be kind to the earth and live green lifestyle. A young aged and big blue person will definitely be cold.", + "original_question": "Fred is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-374", + "question": "Bob is blue. Bob is nice. Erin is nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is round. Erin is not young. Gary is red. Round, rough things are young. All quiet things are blue.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Bob is nice. Erin is nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is round. Erin is not young. Gary is red. Round, rough things are young. All quiet things are blue.", + "original_question": "Erin is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-592", + "question": "The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle is not young. The bald eagle does not like the lion. The lion likes the tiger. The lion needs the bald eagle. The tiger is rough. The tiger likes the bald eagle. If someone is young and they do not need the bald eagle then they are blue. If someone needs the bald eagle and the bald eagle is young then they are blue. If someone likes the lion and the lion needs the bald eagle then the lion needs the tiger. If someone needs the tiger then they do not like the bald eagle. If someone likes the tiger then the tiger likes the lion. If someone needs the bald eagle and the bald eagle likes the lion then they do not like the lion.\n\nQuestion: The tiger does not like the lion.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle is not young. The bald eagle does not like the lion. The lion likes the tiger. The lion needs the bald eagle. The tiger is rough. The tiger likes the bald eagle. If someone is young and they do not need the bald eagle then they are blue. If someone needs the bald eagle and the bald eagle is young then they are blue. If someone likes the lion and the lion needs the bald eagle then the lion needs the tiger. If someone needs the tiger then they do not like the bald eagle. If someone likes the tiger then the tiger likes the lion. If someone needs the bald eagle and the bald eagle likes the lion then they do not like the lion.", + "original_question": "The tiger does not like the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-240", + "question": "Anne is blue. Charlie is red. Erin is nice. Harry is red. All red people are quiet. Blue people are round. If someone is blue and not nice then they are round. If someone is big then they are round. If someone is quiet and red then they are big. Red, quiet people are not blue.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Charlie is red. Erin is nice. Harry is red. All red people are quiet. Blue people are round. If someone is blue and not nice then they are round. If someone is big then they are round. If someone is quiet and red then they are big. Red, quiet people are not blue.", + "original_question": "Anne is not round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-5230", + "question": "The cat is big. The cat is blue. The cat is green. The cat is not kind. The cat is red. Red, blue things are big. All blue things are big. All big things are blue. All blue things are red. If the cat is green and the cat is kind then the cat is big. All green things are not kind.\n\nQuestion: The cat is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat is big. The cat is blue. The cat is green. The cat is not kind. The cat is red. Red, blue things are big. All blue things are big. All big things are blue. All blue things are red. If the cat is green and the cat is kind then the cat is big. All green things are not kind.", + "original_question": "The cat is not big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-524", + "question": "Bob is nice. Bob is not red. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Fiona is furry. Fiona is red. Fiona is white. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is not kind. Gary is red. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is not smart. If Harry is kind and Harry is red then Harry is not nice. If Gary is not nice then Gary is kind. If Harry is not kind and Harry is not red then Harry is furry. If something is red and not nice then it is blue. If something is furry and nice then it is not white. Blue things are white. If Bob is kind then Bob is not white. If Bob is not blue then Bob is kind.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is nice. Bob is not red. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Fiona is furry. Fiona is red. Fiona is white. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is not kind. Gary is red. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is not smart. If Harry is kind and Harry is red then Harry is not nice. If Gary is not nice then Gary is kind. If Harry is not kind and Harry is not red then Harry is furry. If something is red and not nice then it is blue. If something is furry and nice then it is not white. Blue things are white. If Bob is kind then Bob is not white. If Bob is not blue then Bob is kind.", + "original_question": "Harry is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-184", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is not green. Anne is not quiet. Anne is white. Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Dave is not rough. Dave is white. Dave is young. Gary is cold. Gary is green. All cold people are young.\n\nQuestion: Anne is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is not green. Anne is not quiet. Anne is white. Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Dave is not rough. Dave is white. Dave is young. Gary is cold. Gary is green. All cold people are young.", + "original_question": "Anne is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1332", + "question": "Anne is nice. Anne is quiet. Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Bob is white. Charlie is big. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. If someone is nice and smart then they are big. Quiet, white people are smart. If someone is cold then they are smart. Big, quiet people are nice. If Charlie is nice then Charlie is blue. All big people are nice. Nice people are cold. If someone is white then they are smart.\n\nQuestion: Bob is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Anne is quiet. Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Bob is white. Charlie is big. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. If someone is nice and smart then they are big. Quiet, white people are smart. If someone is cold then they are smart. Big, quiet people are nice. If Charlie is nice then Charlie is blue. All big people are nice. Nice people are cold. If someone is white then they are smart.", + "original_question": "Bob is big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-946", + "question": "The bear chases the rabbit. The bear is big. The mouse chases the squirrel. The mouse is round. The mouse visits the bear. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is round. The rabbit sees the bear. The squirrel chases the mouse. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel is round. The squirrel sees the rabbit. If something visits the bear then the bear is big. If the squirrel is rough then the squirrel is nice.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the rabbit. The bear is big. The mouse chases the squirrel. The mouse is round. The mouse visits the bear. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is round. The rabbit sees the bear. The squirrel chases the mouse. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel is round. The squirrel sees the rabbit. If something visits the bear then the bear is big. If the squirrel is rough then the squirrel is nice.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-118", + "question": "Young Bob is kind and blue with green and cold traits that show how really big he is. That guy Dave sure is nice. Fred is green and cold too. No one knows Gary like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. When a person is nice and round and cold, they look blue. People that are green and big while also being cold are always nice. A kind young person who is green will be cold. Someone who is young at heart and age are very round. A person that is round and somewhat green while being nice tends to be red as well. Any human who is rough, green, and kind, has a blue personality. People who are round and red tend to be rough.\n\nQuestion: Bob is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Young Bob is kind and blue with green and cold traits that show how really big he is. That guy Dave sure is nice. Fred is green and cold too. No one knows Gary like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. When a person is nice and round and cold, they look blue. People that are green and big while also being cold are always nice. A kind young person who is green will be cold. Someone who is young at heart and age are very round. A person that is round and somewhat green while being nice tends to be red as well. Any human who is rough, green, and kind, has a blue personality. People who are round and red tend to be rough.", + "original_question": "Bob is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-678", + "question": "Fiona is green. Fiona is rough. Fiona is smart. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is nice. Gary is red. All rough, green things are nice. All nice things are rough. Blue things are red. If something is green and blue then it is nice. All blue, red things are furry. Red, rough things are blue. Green, furry things are blue. If Fiona is green then Fiona is red.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Fiona is green. Fiona is rough. Fiona is smart. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is nice. Gary is red. All rough, green things are nice. All nice things are rough. Blue things are red. If something is green and blue then it is nice. All blue, red things are furry. Red, rough things are blue. Green, furry things are blue. If Fiona is green then Fiona is red.", + "original_question": "Fiona is blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1609", + "question": "The cat is blue. If someone is young then they are nice. If someone is big then they are nice. If the cat is nice and the cat is big then the cat is blue. If the cat is nice then the cat is big. If the cat is kind and the cat is blue then the cat is big. Big, nice people are blue. All young, kind people are blue. Blue people are big.\n\nQuestion: The cat is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The cat is blue. If someone is young then they are nice. If someone is big then they are nice. If the cat is nice and the cat is big then the cat is blue. If the cat is nice then the cat is big. If the cat is kind and the cat is blue then the cat is big. Big, nice people are blue. All young, kind people are blue. Blue people are big.", + "original_question": "The cat is nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1193", + "question": "The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle sees the lion. The lion is green. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the lion. The tiger visits the lion. If the bald eagle sees the tiger then the bald eagle likes the rabbit. If something is cold then it sees the tiger. If something visits the lion and the lion likes the tiger then the lion is not round. If something sees the lion then it likes the bald eagle. If something likes the rabbit and the rabbit sees the lion then the rabbit does not visit the bald eagle. If something is green and it does not visit the lion then it does not see the rabbit. If something is kind and green then it visits the rabbit. If something sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle does not like the rabbit then the bald eagle is young.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit does not visit the bald eagle.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle sees the lion. The lion is green. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the lion. The tiger visits the lion. If the bald eagle sees the tiger then the bald eagle likes the rabbit. If something is cold then it sees the tiger. If something visits the lion and the lion likes the tiger then the lion is not round. If something sees the lion then it likes the bald eagle. If something likes the rabbit and the rabbit sees the lion then the rabbit does not visit the bald eagle. If something is green and it does not visit the lion then it does not see the rabbit. If something is kind and green then it visits the rabbit. If something sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle does not like the rabbit then the bald eagle is young.", + "original_question": "The rabbit does not visit the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1411", + "question": "Bob is blue. Bob is furry. Bob is quiet. Bob is smart. Gary is not big. Gary is nice. Gary is quiet. If Gary is white then Gary is blue. All nice things are white. If something is blue and not big then it is smart.\n\nQuestion: Bob is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Bob is furry. Bob is quiet. Bob is smart. Gary is not big. Gary is nice. Gary is quiet. If Gary is white then Gary is blue. All nice things are white. If something is blue and not big then it is smart.", + "original_question": "Bob is furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-1984", + "question": "Bob is blue. If Bob is big and Bob is kind then Bob is furry. Kind, green people are furry. All blue people are furry. Green people are red. Green people are nice. If someone is red then they are nice. If Bob is nice then Bob is red. All red, nice people are furry.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. If Bob is big and Bob is kind then Bob is furry. Kind, green people are furry. All blue people are furry. Green people are red. Green people are nice. If someone is red then they are nice. If Bob is nice then Bob is red. All red, nice people are furry.", + "original_question": "Bob is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-1897", + "question": "Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is green. Erin is not nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is rough. Erin is young. All furry, quiet people are not nice. If someone is young then they are not nice. If someone is nice then they are not cold.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is green. Erin is not nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is rough. Erin is young. All furry, quiet people are not nice. If someone is young then they are not nice. If someone is nice then they are not cold.", + "original_question": "Erin is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-2976", + "question": "Charlie is big. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Dave is big. Dave is blue. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is quiet. Dave is round. Dave is white. All white people are kind. If Dave is round then Dave is big. If Dave is blue then Dave is white. All round, kind people are white. All big, blue people are kind. All blue people are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is big. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Dave is big. Dave is blue. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is quiet. Dave is round. Dave is white. All white people are kind. If Dave is round then Dave is big. If Dave is blue then Dave is white. All round, kind people are white. All big, blue people are kind. All blue people are quiet.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-636", + "question": "The lion eats the mouse. The lion is green. The lion sees the mouse. The lion visits the tiger. The mouse is red. The mouse sees the lion. The tiger eats the lion. The tiger eats the mouse. The tiger is cold. The tiger is red. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger sees the lion. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger visits the lion. The tiger visits the mouse. All green things are cold. If something is cold then it eats the lion. If something visits the mouse then the mouse visits the lion. If something visits the mouse and it is red then the mouse is round. If something is round and red then it is green. If the tiger is red then the tiger eats the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The mouse is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The lion eats the mouse. The lion is green. The lion sees the mouse. The lion visits the tiger. The mouse is red. The mouse sees the lion. The tiger eats the lion. The tiger eats the mouse. The tiger is cold. The tiger is red. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger sees the lion. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger visits the lion. The tiger visits the mouse. All green things are cold. If something is cold then it eats the lion. If something visits the mouse then the mouse visits the lion. If something visits the mouse and it is red then the mouse is round. If something is round and red then it is green. If the tiger is red then the tiger eats the mouse.", + "original_question": "The mouse is green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1133", + "question": "The bear is red. The bear is rough. The dog is green. If something needs the bear then the bear needs the dog. If something needs the bear then the bear needs the dog. If something likes the bear then it is green. If something is rough then it likes the bear. If something likes the bear and it is green then it likes the dog. If something is red and it visits the bear then it needs the bear.\n\nQuestion: The bear is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bear is red. The bear is rough. The dog is green. If something needs the bear then the bear needs the dog. If something needs the bear then the bear needs the dog. If something likes the bear then it is green. If something is rough then it likes the bear. If something likes the bear and it is green then it likes the dog. If something is red and it visits the bear then it needs the bear.", + "original_question": "The bear is green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-1249", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is quiet. Anne is white. Bob is blue. Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Bob is young. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Fiona is blue. Fiona is kind. Fiona is nice. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is young. If something is kind then it is red. Red, nice things are white. If something is blue and white then it is red. If something is quiet and red then it is nice. Blue things are white. All red things are young. If Fiona is quiet and Fiona is nice then Fiona is kind. If something is young and white then it is kind.\n\nQuestion: Anne is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is quiet. Anne is white. Bob is blue. Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Bob is young. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Fiona is blue. Fiona is kind. Fiona is nice. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is young. If something is kind then it is red. Red, nice things are white. If something is blue and white then it is red. If something is quiet and red then it is nice. Blue things are white. All red things are young. If Fiona is quiet and Fiona is nice then Fiona is kind. If something is young and white then it is kind.", + "original_question": "Anne is red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-712", + "question": "The bear chases the dog. The dog is big. The dog needs the bear. If someone is cold and they do not need the bear then they do not like the bear. If someone needs the bear then the bear likes the dog. If someone likes the dog then the dog does not like the bear.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not like the bear.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the dog. The dog is big. The dog needs the bear. If someone is cold and they do not need the bear then they do not like the bear. If someone needs the bear then the bear likes the dog. If someone likes the dog then the dog does not like the bear.", + "original_question": "The dog does not like the bear." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-1108", + "question": "The bear is not rough. The bear sees the lion. The bear visits the squirrel. The lion is rough. The lion sees the bear. The squirrel eats the lion. The squirrel is not red. If someone visits the squirrel then they visit the bear. If the squirrel sees the bear and the bear is cold then the bear does not visit the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The lion is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is not rough. The bear sees the lion. The bear visits the squirrel. The lion is rough. The lion sees the bear. The squirrel eats the lion. The squirrel is not red. If someone visits the squirrel then they visit the bear. If the squirrel sees the bear and the bear is cold then the bear does not visit the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The lion is rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-1455", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the bear. The bald eagle eats the tiger. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle likes the bear. The bald eagle needs the tiger. The bear eats the cow. The bear eats the tiger. The bear is cold. The cow needs the tiger. The tiger needs the bald eagle. Rough people are kind. If someone likes the bear and they need the tiger then the bear likes the bald eagle. If someone is cold and they need the bear then they need the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not like the bear.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the bear. The bald eagle eats the tiger. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle likes the bear. The bald eagle needs the tiger. The bear eats the cow. The bear eats the tiger. The bear is cold. The cow needs the tiger. The tiger needs the bald eagle. Rough people are kind. If someone likes the bear and they need the tiger then the bear likes the bald eagle. If someone is cold and they need the bear then they need the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not like the bear." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1151", + "question": "Anne is red. Bob is not nice. Charlie is blue. If someone is young then they are green. If someone is young and green then they are not red. Red people are white. If Charlie is white then Charlie is blue. All white people are not young. If someone is red and not young then they are nice.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Anne is red. Bob is not nice. Charlie is blue. If someone is young then they are green. If someone is young and green then they are not red. Red people are white. If Charlie is white then Charlie is blue. All white people are not young. If someone is red and not young then they are nice.", + "original_question": "Anne is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-938", + "question": "The bald eagle is green. The bald eagle needs the squirrel. The bald eagle sees the tiger. The bald eagle visits the mouse. The mouse is round. The mouse needs the squirrel. The mouse sees the squirrel. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is round. The squirrel needs the mouse. The squirrel visits the mouse. The squirrel visits the tiger. The tiger is big. The tiger is rough. The tiger needs the squirrel. The tiger visits the squirrel. If something visits the bald eagle and it is round then the bald eagle sees the squirrel. If something sees the tiger and it needs the squirrel then the tiger is round. If something is nice then it visits the bald eagle. If something is round then it sees the squirrel. If something sees the squirrel then it is nice.\n\nQuestion: The mouse is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is green. The bald eagle needs the squirrel. The bald eagle sees the tiger. The bald eagle visits the mouse. The mouse is round. The mouse needs the squirrel. The mouse sees the squirrel. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is round. The squirrel needs the mouse. The squirrel visits the mouse. The squirrel visits the tiger. The tiger is big. The tiger is rough. The tiger needs the squirrel. The tiger visits the squirrel. If something visits the bald eagle and it is round then the bald eagle sees the squirrel. If something sees the tiger and it needs the squirrel then the tiger is round. If something is nice then it visits the bald eagle. If something is round then it sees the squirrel. If something sees the squirrel then it is nice.", + "original_question": "The mouse is not round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1338", + "question": "The bear eats the tiger. The dog chases the bear. The mouse chases the dog. The tiger chases the dog. If something is green then it sees the mouse. If something sees the dog then it does not eat the bear. If something chases the bear then the bear sees the dog. If something chases the tiger then it is not green. If something is red and it chases the mouse then it chases the bear. If something is big then it chases the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The bear does not eat the bear.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bear eats the tiger. The dog chases the bear. The mouse chases the dog. The tiger chases the dog. If something is green then it sees the mouse. If something sees the dog then it does not eat the bear. If something chases the bear then the bear sees the dog. If something chases the tiger then it is not green. If something is red and it chases the mouse then it chases the bear. If something is big then it chases the tiger.", + "original_question": "The bear does not eat the bear." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1170", + "question": "The rabbit is blue. Blue things are kind. If the rabbit is blue and the rabbit is kind then the rabbit is nice.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The rabbit is blue. Blue things are kind. If the rabbit is blue and the rabbit is kind then the rabbit is nice.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-867", + "question": "Bob is white. Charlie is smart. Fiona is cold. Harry is smart. If someone is smart then they are young. All white, rough people are quiet. All smart people are quiet. If someone is smart and white then they are young. All young people are quiet. All cold, quiet people are nice. Cold people are smart. All white people are young.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is white. Charlie is smart. Fiona is cold. Harry is smart. If someone is smart then they are young. All white, rough people are quiet. All smart people are quiet. If someone is smart and white then they are young. All young people are quiet. All cold, quiet people are nice. Cold people are smart. All white people are young.", + "original_question": "Bob is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-941", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the mouse. The cat chases the dog. The cat is red. The cat is rough. The dog chases the cat. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog eats the cat. The dog eats the mouse. The dog is green. The dog is rough. The dog likes the bald eagle. The dog likes the cat. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse eats the dog. The mouse is big. The mouse likes the cat. If someone chases the dog and they are kind then they like the mouse. If someone chases the mouse and they are big then the mouse is green. If someone likes the mouse then the mouse likes the bald eagle. If someone is kind then they like the cat. If the mouse likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the dog. If someone eats the dog and they eat the mouse then the mouse is kind. If someone is green then they chase the dog. If someone is green then they chase the bald eagle. If someone likes the bald eagle and they eat the mouse then they are kind.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not eat the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the mouse. The cat chases the dog. The cat is red. The cat is rough. The dog chases the cat. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog eats the cat. The dog eats the mouse. The dog is green. The dog is rough. The dog likes the bald eagle. The dog likes the cat. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse eats the dog. The mouse is big. The mouse likes the cat. If someone chases the dog and they are kind then they like the mouse. If someone chases the mouse and they are big then the mouse is green. If someone likes the mouse then the mouse likes the bald eagle. If someone is kind then they like the cat. If the mouse likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the dog. If someone eats the dog and they eat the mouse then the mouse is kind. If someone is green then they chase the dog. If someone is green then they chase the bald eagle. If someone likes the bald eagle and they eat the mouse then they are kind.", + "original_question": "The dog does not eat the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-296", + "question": "Charlie is furry. Charlie is rough. Charlie is young. Erin is furry. Erin is red. Fiona is big. Fiona is young. Gary is furry. Gary is red. Gary is white. White, rough people are red. All furry people are big. If Erin is red then Erin is furry. If Charlie is blue then Charlie is white. All big people are blue. If Erin is rough and Erin is red then Erin is young.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is furry. Charlie is rough. Charlie is young. Erin is furry. Erin is red. Fiona is big. Fiona is young. Gary is furry. Gary is red. Gary is white. White, rough people are red. All furry people are big. If Erin is red then Erin is furry. If Charlie is blue then Charlie is white. All big people are blue. If Erin is rough and Erin is red then Erin is young.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-6984", + "question": "Bob is not furry. Bob is nice. Bob is smart. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is round. Erin is cold. Erin is round. Harry is furry. Harry is round. Harry is not smart. Young, round things are red. If Bob is round then Bob is young.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is not furry. Bob is nice. Bob is smart. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is round. Erin is cold. Erin is round. Harry is furry. Harry is round. Harry is not smart. Young, round things are red. If Bob is round then Bob is young.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-924", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is red. Bob is big. Bob is kind. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. If Anne is kind then Anne is red. Red, smart people are white. If Bob is white then Bob is kind. If someone is big and red then they are kind. All white, round people are smart. All kind people are round. All round, blue people are white. Big people are blue.\n\nQuestion: Bob is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is red. Bob is big. Bob is kind. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. If Anne is kind then Anne is red. Red, smart people are white. If Bob is white then Bob is kind. If someone is big and red then they are kind. All white, round people are smart. All kind people are round. All round, blue people are white. Big people are blue.", + "original_question": "Bob is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1475", + "question": "Charlie is big. Charlie is rough. Charlie is not young. Erin is rough. Erin is smart. Gary is big. Gary is quiet. If Gary is rough then Gary is not kind. All big things are quiet. All smart things are quiet. Big things are kind. If Erin is kind then Erin is quiet. If something is rough then it is cold. Smart things are rough. Quiet things are big.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is big. Charlie is rough. Charlie is not young. Erin is rough. Erin is smart. Gary is big. Gary is quiet. If Gary is rough then Gary is not kind. All big things are quiet. All smart things are quiet. Big things are kind. If Erin is kind then Erin is quiet. If something is rough then it is cold. Smart things are rough. Quiet things are big.", + "original_question": "Erin is not big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-327", + "question": "The bald eagle does not chase the rabbit. The bald eagle is not big. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The rabbit does not chase the bald eagle. The rabbit is red. The rabbit is not rough. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. If something is rough then it is big. If the rabbit sees the bald eagle and the rabbit does not chase the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the rabbit. If something likes the rabbit and it does not see the bald eagle then it likes the bald eagle. If something likes the rabbit then the rabbit is big. If something chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the rabbit then it chases the rabbit. All big things are cold. If the bald eagle is rough then the bald eagle chases the rabbit. If the rabbit sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle does not like the rabbit then the bald eagle is rough.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle does not chase the rabbit. The bald eagle is not big. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The rabbit does not chase the bald eagle. The rabbit is red. The rabbit is not rough. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. If something is rough then it is big. If the rabbit sees the bald eagle and the rabbit does not chase the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the rabbit. If something likes the rabbit and it does not see the bald eagle then it likes the bald eagle. If something likes the rabbit then the rabbit is big. If something chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the rabbit then it chases the rabbit. All big things are cold. If the bald eagle is rough then the bald eagle chases the rabbit. If the rabbit sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle does not like the rabbit then the bald eagle is rough.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-1011", + "question": "The dog is big. The dog is green. The dog sees the tiger. The lion chases the tiger. The lion is red. The lion needs the rabbit. The lion needs the tiger. The lion sees the tiger. The rabbit needs the lion. The tiger chases the lion. The tiger is green. The tiger sees the lion. If something needs the lion then it needs the tiger. If something sees the lion and it needs the tiger then the tiger sees the dog. If something is green then it chases the tiger. If something sees the dog and the dog sees the tiger then the tiger is rough. If something is rough then it needs the lion. If something needs the dog and it needs the lion then it chases the rabbit. If something sees the tiger then it needs the dog. If something needs the tiger then it sees the dog.\n\nQuestion: The lion needs the dog.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The dog is big. The dog is green. The dog sees the tiger. The lion chases the tiger. The lion is red. The lion needs the rabbit. The lion needs the tiger. The lion sees the tiger. The rabbit needs the lion. The tiger chases the lion. The tiger is green. The tiger sees the lion. If something needs the lion then it needs the tiger. If something sees the lion and it needs the tiger then the tiger sees the dog. If something is green then it chases the tiger. If something sees the dog and the dog sees the tiger then the tiger is rough. If something is rough then it needs the lion. If something needs the dog and it needs the lion then it chases the rabbit. If something sees the tiger then it needs the dog. If something needs the tiger then it sees the dog.", + "original_question": "The lion needs the dog." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-57", + "question": "The bald eagle visits the squirrel. The bear needs the squirrel. The cow is nice. The squirrel is big. If someone is blue then they are nice. If someone visits the squirrel then they are kind. Kind people are blue.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle visits the squirrel. The bear needs the squirrel. The cow is nice. The squirrel is big. If someone is blue then they are nice. If someone visits the squirrel then they are kind. Kind people are blue.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-5457", + "question": "The bear chases the cat. The cat likes the rabbit. The cow sees the bear. The rabbit sees the cat. If something is green then it sees the bear. If something sees the cat and it likes the cat then it is green. If something likes the cat then it chases the bear. If something is round and it sees the rabbit then it is blue. If something chases the cow and it sees the cow then the cow likes the rabbit. If something chases the bear then it sees the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cat likes the rabbit.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the cat. The cat likes the rabbit. The cow sees the bear. The rabbit sees the cat. If something is green then it sees the bear. If something sees the cat and it likes the cat then it is green. If something likes the cat then it chases the bear. If something is round and it sees the rabbit then it is blue. If something chases the cow and it sees the cow then the cow likes the rabbit. If something chases the bear then it sees the cat.", + "original_question": "The cat likes the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-740", + "question": "The bald eagle visits the bear. The bear likes the bald eagle. The dog is not green. The tiger is not nice. If the tiger likes the dog then the dog does not visit the tiger. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle is red then the bald eagle does not like the bear. If someone visits the bear and the bear is red then the bear does not chase the tiger. If someone visits the bear then they like the bear. If someone likes the bear then they chase the bald eagle. If someone is red then they visit the tiger. If the bear chases the tiger and the bear is not green then the tiger visits the bald eagle. If someone visits the bear and they do not visit the dog then the dog chases the bear.\n\nQuestion: The tiger is not nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle visits the bear. The bear likes the bald eagle. The dog is not green. The tiger is not nice. If the tiger likes the dog then the dog does not visit the tiger. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle is red then the bald eagle does not like the bear. If someone visits the bear and the bear is red then the bear does not chase the tiger. If someone visits the bear then they like the bear. If someone likes the bear then they chase the bald eagle. If someone is red then they visit the tiger. If the bear chases the tiger and the bear is not green then the tiger visits the bald eagle. If someone visits the bear and they do not visit the dog then the dog chases the bear.", + "original_question": "The tiger is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-2859", + "question": "Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Fiona is not smart. Gary is not big. Gary is quiet. Gary is not rough. Gary is smart. If someone is rough then they are not quiet.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Fiona is not smart. Gary is not big. Gary is quiet. Gary is not rough. Gary is smart. If someone is rough then they are not quiet.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-669", + "question": "Bob is blue. Bob is not young. Dave is white. Fiona is green. Fiona is rough. Fiona is smart. Gary is blue. If something is nice then it is smart. Blue, smart things are green. All rough things are nice. Blue things are nice. All green, smart things are rough. Green, smart things are blue. If something is green and not rough then it is white. Rough, green things are not young. If something is smart and not white then it is young.\n\nQuestion: Gary is young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Bob is not young. Dave is white. Fiona is green. Fiona is rough. Fiona is smart. Gary is blue. If something is nice then it is smart. Blue, smart things are green. All rough things are nice. Blue things are nice. All green, smart things are rough. Green, smart things are blue. If something is green and not rough then it is white. Rough, green things are not young. If something is smart and not white then it is young.", + "original_question": "Gary is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-841", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is furry. Anne is green. Bob is big. Bob is round. Erin is not green. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Harry is furry. If someone is nice then they are big. Kind, round people are not big. If someone is round and rough then they are nice. All furry people are nice. If Harry is round then Harry is green. If Bob is rough then Bob is nice. If someone is green then they are not kind. All furry, big people are not kind.\n\nQuestion: Anne is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is furry. Anne is green. Bob is big. Bob is round. Erin is not green. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Harry is furry. If someone is nice then they are big. Kind, round people are not big. If someone is round and rough then they are nice. All furry people are nice. If Harry is round then Harry is green. If Bob is rough then Bob is nice. If someone is green then they are not kind. All furry, big people are not kind.", + "original_question": "Anne is nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1942", + "question": "The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit needs the mouse. If the mouse visits the rabbit then the mouse needs the rabbit. If something visits the rabbit and the rabbit sees the mouse then the mouse does not see the rabbit. If something needs the rabbit then it is not rough.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit needs the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit needs the mouse. If the mouse visits the rabbit then the mouse needs the rabbit. If something visits the rabbit and the rabbit sees the mouse then the mouse does not see the rabbit. If something needs the rabbit then it is not rough.", + "original_question": "The rabbit needs the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-3500", + "question": "The bear eats the cat. The cat is young. The cow is kind. All green things are round. If something is blue and it chases the bear then the bear is young. If something is kind and it eats the bear then the bear chases the cat. If the cow eats the cat and the cow likes the bear then the cow eats the bear. If something eats the cow and the cow is blue then it eats the bear. If something eats the bear and it likes the cow then the bear chases the cat. If something chases the bear then it eats the bear. If something is kind and it likes the cow then the cow chases the bear.\n\nQuestion: The cat is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear eats the cat. The cat is young. The cow is kind. All green things are round. If something is blue and it chases the bear then the bear is young. If something is kind and it eats the bear then the bear chases the cat. If the cow eats the cat and the cow likes the bear then the cow eats the bear. If something eats the cow and the cow is blue then it eats the bear. If something eats the bear and it likes the cow then the bear chases the cat. If something chases the bear then it eats the bear. If something is kind and it likes the cow then the cow chases the bear.", + "original_question": "The cat is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-972", + "question": "The bald eagle is kind. The cow is blue. The lion chases the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. If someone chases the mouse then the mouse is not rough. If someone sees the mouse then they chase the cow. If someone is kind then they are cold. If someone chases the lion and they do not see the mouse then they are not kind. If someone is cold then they like the lion. If someone likes the lion then the lion chases the cow.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle likes the lion.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is kind. The cow is blue. The lion chases the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. If someone chases the mouse then the mouse is not rough. If someone sees the mouse then they chase the cow. If someone is kind then they are cold. If someone chases the lion and they do not see the mouse then they are not kind. If someone is cold then they like the lion. If someone likes the lion then the lion chases the cow.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle likes the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1354", + "question": "Bob is not kind. If Bob is white then Bob is kind. If Bob is not kind then Bob is cold. If someone is rough then they are green. If Bob is cold and Bob is not kind then Bob is rough. Round, white people are not cold. If someone is green then they are not round.\n\nQuestion: Bob is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is not kind. If Bob is white then Bob is kind. If Bob is not kind then Bob is cold. If someone is rough then they are green. If Bob is cold and Bob is not kind then Bob is rough. Round, white people are not cold. If someone is green then they are not round.", + "original_question": "Bob is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-273", + "question": "Bob is green. Fiona is cold. Round things are red. Young, big things are green. All green things are round.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is green. Fiona is cold. Round things are red. Young, big things are green. All green things are round.", + "original_question": "Bob is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-2506", + "question": "Anne is red. Charlie is big. Charlie is furry. Charlie is red. Charlie is young. Erin is furry. Erin is kind. Red people are green.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is red. Charlie is big. Charlie is furry. Charlie is red. Charlie is young. Erin is furry. Erin is kind. Red people are green.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-2957", + "question": "Dave is red. Harry is smart. Red people are furry.\n\nQuestion: Dave is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is red. Harry is smart. Red people are furry.", + "original_question": "Dave is furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-1100", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the cat. The bald eagle does not chase the cow. The bald eagle is not kind. The bald eagle does not like the cow. The cat is not blue. The cat does not like the bald eagle. The cat sees the cow. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow chases the cat. The cow is green. The cow likes the cat. The cow sees the bald eagle. If the cow sees the bald eagle then the cow likes the cat. If someone sees the cat and the cat does not like the cow then the cow is rough. If someone likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle is kind. If someone sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the cow. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the cow then the cow does not like the bald eagle. If the bald eagle likes the cat and the bald eagle does not see the cat then the bald eagle chases the cow. If someone is green and they do not chase the cow then the cow chases the cat. If someone likes the cat and they chase the cow then the cow chases the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not like the bald eagle.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the cat. The bald eagle does not chase the cow. The bald eagle is not kind. The bald eagle does not like the cow. The cat is not blue. The cat does not like the bald eagle. The cat sees the cow. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow chases the cat. The cow is green. The cow likes the cat. The cow sees the bald eagle. If the cow sees the bald eagle then the cow likes the cat. If someone sees the cat and the cat does not like the cow then the cow is rough. If someone likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle is kind. If someone sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the cow. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the cow then the cow does not like the bald eagle. If the bald eagle likes the cat and the bald eagle does not see the cat then the bald eagle chases the cow. If someone is green and they do not chase the cow then the cow chases the cat. If someone likes the cat and they chase the cow then the cow chases the cat.", + "original_question": "The cat does not like the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1175", + "question": "Charlie is big. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Dave is young. If Charlie is cold then Charlie is young. If something is young then it is kind. If Charlie is kind and Charlie is young then Charlie is green. If something is green then it is young. All green things are round. If Dave is green then Dave is kind.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is big. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Dave is young. If Charlie is cold then Charlie is young. If something is young then it is kind. If Charlie is kind and Charlie is young then Charlie is green. If something is green then it is young. All green things are round. If Dave is green then Dave is kind.", + "original_question": "Dave is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-67", + "question": "That guy Alan sure is nice. Bob is round but he is also nice and kind. People that know Charlie will tell you he is rough and cold. But he can also be kind and red despite being blue because he is so young. That guy Harry sure is nice. People who are very nice and easily flush red are often wearing green concealer. If you're truly nice, cold, and blue, you're kind, too. Big, kind folks are green ones. Round people who are kind tend to be nice. Young and red people look round. A nice and green man or woman is also red in color.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "That guy Alan sure is nice. Bob is round but he is also nice and kind. People that know Charlie will tell you he is rough and cold. But he can also be kind and red despite being blue because he is so young. That guy Harry sure is nice. People who are very nice and easily flush red are often wearing green concealer. If you're truly nice, cold, and blue, you're kind, too. Big, kind folks are green ones. Round people who are kind tend to be nice. Young and red people look round. A nice and green man or woman is also red in color.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-618", + "question": "Fiona is white. Gary is young. Harry is young. All kind people are not red. If someone is white then they are not nice. All red people are not nice. If Gary is nice then Gary is kind. If someone is nice and not red then they are young. If someone is white and not young then they are not rough.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Fiona is white. Gary is young. Harry is young. All kind people are not red. If someone is white then they are not nice. All red people are not nice. If Gary is nice then Gary is kind. If someone is nice and not red then they are young. If someone is white and not young then they are not rough.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1288", + "question": "Bob is not furry. Bob is quiet. Bob is smart. Gary is nice. Gary is smart. Harry is nice. Harry is smart. Quiet things are smart. If something is round and smart then it is quiet. Smart things are round. If Gary is quiet then Gary is white. If something is furry and not round then it is nice. If something is rough and not nice then it is white.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is not furry. Bob is quiet. Bob is smart. Gary is nice. Gary is smart. Harry is nice. Harry is smart. Quiet things are smart. If something is round and smart then it is quiet. Smart things are round. If Gary is quiet then Gary is white. If something is furry and not round then it is nice. If something is rough and not nice then it is white.", + "original_question": "Gary is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-240", + "question": "Anne is blue. Charlie is red. Erin is nice. Harry is red. All red people are quiet. Blue people are round. If someone is blue and not nice then they are round. If someone is big then they are round. If someone is quiet and red then they are big. Red, quiet people are not blue.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Charlie is red. Erin is nice. Harry is red. All red people are quiet. Blue people are round. If someone is blue and not nice then they are round. If someone is big then they are round. If someone is quiet and red then they are big. Red, quiet people are not blue.", + "original_question": "Charlie is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-399", + "question": "Bob might be rough and red but he's actually very kind. That guy Charlie sure is nice. That guy Gary sure is nice. Harry may be young but he is nice, wears green shoes and is cold. Even though young people are rough, they are still very red. One who is young, red and also cold will definitely be round, too. Cold, young people are also certain to be rough people. When somebody is red, blue and round, you can bet they are also rough.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Bob might be rough and red but he's actually very kind. That guy Charlie sure is nice. That guy Gary sure is nice. Harry may be young but he is nice, wears green shoes and is cold. Even though young people are rough, they are still very red. One who is young, red and also cold will definitely be round, too. Cold, young people are also certain to be rough people. When somebody is red, blue and round, you can bet they are also rough.", + "original_question": "Harry is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-649", + "question": "Charlie is big. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is smart. Fiona is big. Gary is blue. Gary is young. All big people are kind. Green people are smart. All blue, young people are smart. If someone is blue and smart then they are cold. Smart, blue people are green. Blue people are green. All kind people are blue.\n\nQuestion: Erin is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is big. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is smart. Fiona is big. Gary is blue. Gary is young. All big people are kind. Green people are smart. All blue, young people are smart. If someone is blue and smart then they are cold. Smart, blue people are green. Blue people are green. All kind people are blue.", + "original_question": "Erin is cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-124", + "question": "The cow chases the tiger. The cow is red. The cow is rough. The cow is round. The cow likes the tiger. The tiger chases the cow. The tiger is blue. The tiger is red. The tiger is rough. The tiger is round. The tiger likes the cow. The tiger visits the cow. If someone visits the tiger and the tiger likes the cow then the cow is blue. If someone is big and they like the cow then they are red. If someone is blue then they visit the tiger. If someone is blue and they chase the cow then they visit the cow. If someone chases the cow and they like the cow then the cow visits the tiger. If someone likes the cow and the cow chases the tiger then the tiger likes the cow. If someone is red and they visit the tiger then the tiger chases the cow. If someone is round and they like the tiger then they chase the cow.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not visit the tiger.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow chases the tiger. The cow is red. The cow is rough. The cow is round. The cow likes the tiger. The tiger chases the cow. The tiger is blue. The tiger is red. The tiger is rough. The tiger is round. The tiger likes the cow. The tiger visits the cow. If someone visits the tiger and the tiger likes the cow then the cow is blue. If someone is big and they like the cow then they are red. If someone is blue then they visit the tiger. If someone is blue and they chase the cow then they visit the cow. If someone chases the cow and they like the cow then the cow visits the tiger. If someone likes the cow and the cow chases the tiger then the tiger likes the cow. If someone is red and they visit the tiger then the tiger chases the cow. If someone is round and they like the tiger then they chase the cow.", + "original_question": "The cow does not visit the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-36", + "question": "Erin is rough. Erin is white. Fiona is quiet. All green people are furry. If Erin is rough then Erin is green. Furry people are red.\n\nQuestion: Erin is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Erin is rough. Erin is white. Fiona is quiet. All green people are furry. If Erin is rough then Erin is green. Furry people are red.", + "original_question": "Erin is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-427", + "question": "Bob is kind. Gary is young. Harry is nice. If Gary is cold and Gary is not blue then Gary is nice. If something is nice then it is young. If something is young then it is smart.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Gary is young. Harry is nice. If Gary is cold and Gary is not blue then Gary is nice. If something is nice then it is young. If something is young then it is smart.", + "original_question": "Harry is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1566", + "question": "Bob is blue. Dave is kind. Erin is rough. Harry is white. If Bob is green then Bob is white. If someone is rough then they are green. If someone is green and kind then they are furry. If Harry is kind then Harry is smart. If Dave is kind then Dave is rough. If Erin is blue then Erin is rough.\n\nQuestion: Erin is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Dave is kind. Erin is rough. Harry is white. If Bob is green then Bob is white. If someone is rough then they are green. If someone is green and kind then they are furry. If Harry is kind then Harry is smart. If Dave is kind then Dave is rough. If Erin is blue then Erin is rough.", + "original_question": "Erin is green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-4411", + "question": "Bob is kind. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Charlie is big. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is round. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Dave is young. Erin is big. Erin is not nice. Erin is not quiet. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Erin is young. All quiet people are big. All quiet people are not nice. All smart people are round. If Dave is round and Dave is nice then Dave is big. If someone is kind and not nice then they are smart. If someone is nice then they are smart. If Erin is nice and Erin is round then Erin is smart. If someone is round then they are kind.\n\nQuestion: Dave is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Charlie is big. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is round. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Dave is young. Erin is big. Erin is not nice. Erin is not quiet. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Erin is young. All quiet people are big. All quiet people are not nice. All smart people are round. If Dave is round and Dave is nice then Dave is big. If someone is kind and not nice then they are smart. If someone is nice then they are smart. If Erin is nice and Erin is round then Erin is smart. If someone is round then they are kind.", + "original_question": "Dave is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1232", + "question": "Anne is smart. Charlie is nice. Fiona is big. Harry is nice. If Anne is young then Anne is smart. If Fiona is quiet then Fiona is smart. If something is big then it is young. All quiet, smart things are young. If something is young then it is cold. Nice, young things are cold. If something is kind then it is not quiet. All cold things are kind.\n\nQuestion: Anne is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is smart. Charlie is nice. Fiona is big. Harry is nice. If Anne is young then Anne is smart. If Fiona is quiet then Fiona is smart. If something is big then it is young. All quiet, smart things are young. If something is young then it is cold. Nice, young things are cold. If something is kind then it is not quiet. All cold things are kind.", + "original_question": "Anne is smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-712", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is green. Anne is young. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is green. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Erin is rough. Fiona is furry. Fiona is rough. If something is nice then it is young. Cold, nice things are red. Rough, furry things are nice. All red things are young. If something is cold then it is young. If something is furry and red then it is nice. If something is young then it is green. Cold, nice things are young. Green, furry things are cold.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is green. Anne is young. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is green. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Erin is rough. Fiona is furry. Fiona is rough. If something is nice then it is young. Cold, nice things are red. Rough, furry things are nice. All red things are young. If something is cold then it is young. If something is furry and red then it is nice. If something is young then it is green. Cold, nice things are young. Green, furry things are cold.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-841", + "question": "The tiger is green. If someone is green then they are rough. If someone is green and blue then they are big. If someone is rough then they are blue. If someone is green and rough then they are young. Green, rough people are blue. If someone is rough then they are blue.\n\nQuestion: The tiger is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The tiger is green. If someone is green then they are rough. If someone is green and blue then they are big. If someone is rough then they are blue. If someone is green and rough then they are young. Green, rough people are blue. If someone is rough then they are blue.", + "original_question": "The tiger is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1017", + "question": "The cow eats the lion. The cow is nice. The cow is round. The cow is young. The cow needs the lion. The cow sees the lion. The lion is nice. The lion is rough. The lion needs the cow. The lion sees the cow. If something eats the lion and the lion is kind then it sees the lion. If something eats the cow then it eats the lion. If something sees the cow and the cow sees the lion then it is kind. If the lion is rough then the lion eats the cow. If something is young and kind then it eats the cow. If something is kind then it sees the cow.\n\nQuestion: The lion eats the lion.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The cow eats the lion. The cow is nice. The cow is round. The cow is young. The cow needs the lion. The cow sees the lion. The lion is nice. The lion is rough. The lion needs the cow. The lion sees the cow. If something eats the lion and the lion is kind then it sees the lion. If something eats the cow then it eats the lion. If something sees the cow and the cow sees the lion then it is kind. If the lion is rough then the lion eats the cow. If something is young and kind then it eats the cow. If something is kind then it sees the cow.", + "original_question": "The lion eats the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-1478", + "question": "Dave is cold. Dave is quiet. Dave is round. If Dave is big then Dave is quiet. Quiet people are red. If someone is quiet then they are cold. If Dave is young then Dave is cold. All round, red people are cold. If Dave is round and Dave is quiet then Dave is red.\n\nQuestion: Dave is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Dave is cold. Dave is quiet. Dave is round. If Dave is big then Dave is quiet. Quiet people are red. If someone is quiet then they are cold. If Dave is young then Dave is cold. All round, red people are cold. If Dave is round and Dave is quiet then Dave is red.", + "original_question": "Dave is round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2364", + "question": "The cat visits the lion. The lion likes the tiger. The lion needs the cat. The lion visits the rabbit. The rabbit needs the cat. The tiger needs the cat. The tiger needs the rabbit. If something needs the rabbit then it likes the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The lion likes the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat visits the lion. The lion likes the tiger. The lion needs the cat. The lion visits the rabbit. The rabbit needs the cat. The tiger needs the cat. The tiger needs the rabbit. If something needs the rabbit then it likes the tiger.", + "original_question": "The lion likes the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1619", + "question": "The cow chases the mouse. The cow is cold. The cow needs the mouse. The cow does not visit the tiger. The mouse chases the cow. The mouse chases the rabbit. The rabbit needs the mouse. The tiger chases the cow. The tiger is nice. The tiger visits the cow. The tiger visits the mouse. The tiger visits the rabbit. If something is nice then it needs the rabbit. If the cow is nice and the cow does not need the mouse then the cow is big. If something needs the cow then the cow visits the mouse. If something chases the tiger then it visits the mouse. If something chases the rabbit then it chases the mouse. If something is big and it chases the tiger then it needs the cow. If something visits the tiger then it is cold. If something needs the rabbit then the rabbit needs the cow.\n\nQuestion: The tiger visits the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow chases the mouse. The cow is cold. The cow needs the mouse. The cow does not visit the tiger. The mouse chases the cow. The mouse chases the rabbit. The rabbit needs the mouse. The tiger chases the cow. The tiger is nice. The tiger visits the cow. The tiger visits the mouse. The tiger visits the rabbit. If something is nice then it needs the rabbit. If the cow is nice and the cow does not need the mouse then the cow is big. If something needs the cow then the cow visits the mouse. If something chases the tiger then it visits the mouse. If something chases the rabbit then it chases the mouse. If something is big and it chases the tiger then it needs the cow. If something visits the tiger then it is cold. If something needs the rabbit then the rabbit needs the cow.", + "original_question": "The tiger visits the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1079", + "question": "Charlie is furry. Charlie is round. Charlie is young. Erin is furry. Erin is rough. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Kind people are cold. If someone is big then they are round. All rough, furry people are big. All kind, young people are cold. If Erin is round and Erin is furry then Erin is cold. If someone is big then they are kind. If Fiona is cold then Fiona is rough. If Fiona is furry and Fiona is rough then Fiona is round.\n\nQuestion: Erin is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Charlie is furry. Charlie is round. Charlie is young. Erin is furry. Erin is rough. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Kind people are cold. If someone is big then they are round. All rough, furry people are big. All kind, young people are cold. If Erin is round and Erin is furry then Erin is cold. If someone is big then they are kind. If Fiona is cold then Fiona is rough. If Fiona is furry and Fiona is rough then Fiona is round.", + "original_question": "Erin is cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-57", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the squirrel. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle does not visit the squirrel. The cat is rough. The cat likes the squirrel. The cow is big. The cow likes the squirrel. The cow visits the squirrel. The squirrel eats the cow. The squirrel likes the bald eagle. If someone likes the cow and they do not eat the cat then they do not eat the bald eagle. If someone eats the cat then they are blue. If someone is big then they do not like the cat. If the cow eats the cat and the cat is big then the cow visits the bald eagle. If someone visits the cat then the cat is round. If someone visits the cow then they are round. If someone is kind then they like the squirrel. If someone visits the cat and the cat is round then they are big. If someone eats the squirrel and they like the squirrel then the squirrel visits the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cat is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the squirrel. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle does not visit the squirrel. The cat is rough. The cat likes the squirrel. The cow is big. The cow likes the squirrel. The cow visits the squirrel. The squirrel eats the cow. The squirrel likes the bald eagle. If someone likes the cow and they do not eat the cat then they do not eat the bald eagle. If someone eats the cat then they are blue. If someone is big then they do not like the cat. If the cow eats the cat and the cat is big then the cow visits the bald eagle. If someone visits the cat then the cat is round. If someone visits the cow then they are round. If someone is kind then they like the squirrel. If someone visits the cat and the cat is round then they are big. If someone eats the squirrel and they like the squirrel then the squirrel visits the cat.", + "original_question": "The cat is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-165", + "question": "That guy Alan sure is nice. Charlie discovered that even though he was round, rough, and nice and green, he was actually big. Dave is a cold and round man who has red and green skin. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Harry. People who have green body paint and act kind to others are quite young. A very nice person who is also green is certainly kind. Big people with red hair are cold because they cannot find coats that fit. Most young kind people tend to be red too.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "That guy Alan sure is nice. Charlie discovered that even though he was round, rough, and nice and green, he was actually big. Dave is a cold and round man who has red and green skin. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Harry. People who have green body paint and act kind to others are quite young. A very nice person who is also green is certainly kind. Big people with red hair are cold because they cannot find coats that fit. Most young kind people tend to be red too.", + "original_question": "Harry is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1665", + "question": "Harry is green. If someone is big then they are kind. All green people are kind. If someone is kind and not rough then they are blue. All green people are nice. If someone is furry and green then they are not big. If Harry is kind then Harry is furry. Kind, rough people are furry. If Harry is big and Harry is nice then Harry is green.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Harry is green. If someone is big then they are kind. All green people are kind. If someone is kind and not rough then they are blue. All green people are nice. If someone is furry and green then they are not big. If Harry is kind then Harry is furry. Kind, rough people are furry. If Harry is big and Harry is nice then Harry is green.", + "original_question": "Harry is not green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-4296", + "question": "Bob is smart. Charlie is nice. Harry is rough. Quiet people are nice.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is smart. Charlie is nice. Harry is rough. Quiet people are nice.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-510", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle eats the lion. The cat does not chase the rabbit. The cat is not big. The cat does not like the lion. The lion is cold. The lion is round. The rabbit chases the lion. The rabbit does not eat the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the lion. The rabbit is red. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. If someone is cold then they do not chase the bald eagle. If the lion chases the cat and the cat eats the rabbit then the cat is not red. If someone is round and they do not chase the bald eagle then they do not like the lion.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not chase the bald eagle.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle eats the lion. The cat does not chase the rabbit. The cat is not big. The cat does not like the lion. The lion is cold. The lion is round. The rabbit chases the lion. The rabbit does not eat the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the lion. The rabbit is red. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. If someone is cold then they do not chase the bald eagle. If the lion chases the cat and the cat eats the rabbit then the cat is not red. If someone is round and they do not chase the bald eagle then they do not like the lion.", + "original_question": "The lion does not chase the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-120", + "question": "Fiona is big. Fiona is furry. Fiona is white. If Fiona is blue then Fiona is cold. If something is furry and white then it is blue. Cold things are big. Cold, furry things are quiet. If something is furry then it is blue. All cold things are blue. If something is big and blue then it is white. All cold things are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Fiona is big. Fiona is furry. Fiona is white. If Fiona is blue then Fiona is cold. If something is furry and white then it is blue. Cold things are big. Cold, furry things are quiet. If something is furry then it is blue. All cold things are blue. If something is big and blue then it is white. All cold things are quiet.", + "original_question": "Fiona is white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-392", + "question": "The bald eagle likes the mouse. The mouse likes the bald eagle. The rabbit likes the mouse. The tiger chases the mouse. The tiger chases the rabbit. The tiger is big. The tiger sees the bald eagle. If the rabbit likes the tiger and the tiger sees the bald eagle then the rabbit is rough. If someone sees the rabbit then the rabbit likes the tiger. If someone likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle likes the rabbit then the rabbit is big. If someone likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle is rough. If the mouse chases the rabbit then the rabbit chases the tiger. If the rabbit sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle chases the rabbit. If someone is young and they chase the mouse then they see the mouse. If someone likes the mouse and they are rough then they see the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle likes the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle likes the mouse. The mouse likes the bald eagle. The rabbit likes the mouse. The tiger chases the mouse. The tiger chases the rabbit. The tiger is big. The tiger sees the bald eagle. If the rabbit likes the tiger and the tiger sees the bald eagle then the rabbit is rough. If someone sees the rabbit then the rabbit likes the tiger. If someone likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle likes the rabbit then the rabbit is big. If someone likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle is rough. If the mouse chases the rabbit then the rabbit chases the tiger. If the rabbit sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle chases the rabbit. If someone is young and they chase the mouse then they see the mouse. If someone likes the mouse and they are rough then they see the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle likes the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1613", + "question": "Anne is smart. Erin is green. Erin is young. Fiona is not quiet. Gary is green. Gary is not smart. Gary is young. Rough things are blue. All quiet things are not smart. If Gary is blue and Gary is smart then Gary is not young. If something is quiet then it is not young. If something is quiet and blue then it is green. If Gary is green and Gary is blue then Gary is round. All blue, rough things are not round. All smart things are rough.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is smart. Erin is green. Erin is young. Fiona is not quiet. Gary is green. Gary is not smart. Gary is young. Rough things are blue. All quiet things are not smart. If Gary is blue and Gary is smart then Gary is not young. If something is quiet then it is not young. If something is quiet and blue then it is green. If Gary is green and Gary is blue then Gary is round. All blue, rough things are not round. All smart things are rough.", + "original_question": "Anne is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-359", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle likes the cow. The bald eagle needs the lion. The cat eats the lion. The cat is red. The cow eats the bald eagle. The lion eats the cat. The lion eats the cow. The lion is kind. The lion is red. The lion likes the cat. The lion likes the cow. The lion needs the bald eagle. The lion needs the cat. The lion needs the cow. If the cow needs the bald eagle and the cow likes the cat then the bald eagle likes the cow. If something needs the bald eagle and it needs the cow then the bald eagle eats the cow. If something needs the lion and the lion eats the cow then it is green. If something is green and it likes the cat then the cat needs the cow. If something eats the cow then it needs the lion. If something needs the cat and the cat eats the lion then the cat eats the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The bald eagle likes the cow. The bald eagle needs the lion. The cat eats the lion. The cat is red. The cow eats the bald eagle. The lion eats the cat. The lion eats the cow. The lion is kind. The lion is red. The lion likes the cat. The lion likes the cow. The lion needs the bald eagle. The lion needs the cat. The lion needs the cow. If the cow needs the bald eagle and the cow likes the cat then the bald eagle likes the cow. If something needs the bald eagle and it needs the cow then the bald eagle eats the cow. If something needs the lion and the lion eats the cow then it is green. If something is green and it likes the cat then the cat needs the cow. If something eats the cow then it needs the lion. If something needs the cat and the cat eats the lion then the cat eats the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle is green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-179", + "question": "For being so young, Bob is nice. He has rough, red hands from working all day and it makes him feel blue. Even though Dave is round and big, he is very kind. Fred may be round, but he is also kind. For being so cold, it's good Gary can remain nice. A person with big, round, kind face appears to be rough around the edges because they are naive. Kind red people are green on the inside. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. If someone is green and naive they may also have red, rough skin. It is a safe guess then that they are also round. A nice person who feels blue and looks round is usually kind. If a person is both cold and round, that person is also someone who is red.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "For being so young, Bob is nice. He has rough, red hands from working all day and it makes him feel blue. Even though Dave is round and big, he is very kind. Fred may be round, but he is also kind. For being so cold, it's good Gary can remain nice. A person with big, round, kind face appears to be rough around the edges because they are naive. Kind red people are green on the inside. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. If someone is green and naive they may also have red, rough skin. It is a safe guess then that they are also round. A nice person who feels blue and looks round is usually kind. If a person is both cold and round, that person is also someone who is red.", + "original_question": "Bob is not green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1302", + "question": "The cat chases the cow. The cat is blue. The cat is cold. The cat is green. The cat is nice. The cat needs the cow. The cat sees the cow. The cow chases the cat. The cow is big. The cow is blue. The cow is cold. The cow is green. The cow is nice. The cow needs the cat. The cow sees the cat. If someone needs the cow and they chase the cat then the cow is cold. If someone sees the cow and they are blue then they chase the cat. If someone needs the cat and the cat needs the cow then they see the cat. Big people are blue. If someone sees the cow and they chase the cat then they need the cat. If someone chases the cow then the cow is cold.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not need the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The cat chases the cow. The cat is blue. The cat is cold. The cat is green. The cat is nice. The cat needs the cow. The cat sees the cow. The cow chases the cat. The cow is big. The cow is blue. The cow is cold. The cow is green. The cow is nice. The cow needs the cat. The cow sees the cat. If someone needs the cow and they chase the cat then the cow is cold. If someone sees the cow and they are blue then they chase the cat. If someone needs the cat and the cat needs the cow then they see the cat. Big people are blue. If someone sees the cow and they chase the cat then they need the cat. If someone chases the cow then the cow is cold.", + "original_question": "The cat does not need the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-2069", + "question": "Dave is nice. Dave is quiet. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is smart. Dave is white. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Erin is rough. Erin is white. Harry is nice. Harry is red. If something is rough and nice then it is white. If Harry is red and Harry is smart then Harry is rough. If something is red then it is smart. If something is young and rough then it is quiet. Smart things are rough. White, quiet things are red.\n\nQuestion: Harry is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is nice. Dave is quiet. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is smart. Dave is white. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Erin is rough. Erin is white. Harry is nice. Harry is red. If something is rough and nice then it is white. If Harry is red and Harry is smart then Harry is rough. If something is red then it is smart. If something is young and rough then it is quiet. Smart things are rough. White, quiet things are red.", + "original_question": "Harry is smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-584", + "question": "Anne is red. Bob is blue. Dave is furry. Erin is cold. If Dave is cold and Dave is red then Dave is big. Big, blue people are cold. Big, furry people are blue. If Anne is smart then Anne is young. If someone is cold then they are blue. Blue, young people are smart. If Bob is young then Bob is smart. Furry people are big.\n\nQuestion: Dave is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Anne is red. Bob is blue. Dave is furry. Erin is cold. If Dave is cold and Dave is red then Dave is big. Big, blue people are cold. Big, furry people are blue. If Anne is smart then Anne is young. If someone is cold then they are blue. Blue, young people are smart. If Bob is young then Bob is smart. Furry people are big.", + "original_question": "Dave is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-260", + "question": "Bob is blue. Bob is rough. Bob is young. Charlie is blue. Charlie is nice. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is white. Gary is blue. Gary is nice. Gary is round. Gary is young. All nice, white people are young. All white, rough people are quiet. If Charlie is white then Charlie is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Bob is rough. Bob is young. Charlie is blue. Charlie is nice. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is white. Gary is blue. Gary is nice. Gary is round. Gary is young. All nice, white people are young. All white, rough people are quiet. If Charlie is white then Charlie is quiet.", + "original_question": "Charlie is nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-587", + "question": "The bear visits the lion. The cat needs the bear. The cat visits the mouse. The lion is round. The lion needs the cat. The lion needs the mouse. The mouse needs the lion. If something is rough and it needs the lion then it is nice. If something needs the mouse and it chases the mouse then it is nice. If something is nice then it is round. If something visits the cat then the cat visits the lion. If something needs the lion then it is rough. If something needs the bear then the bear is green.\n\nQuestion: The mouse is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bear visits the lion. The cat needs the bear. The cat visits the mouse. The lion is round. The lion needs the cat. The lion needs the mouse. The mouse needs the lion. If something is rough and it needs the lion then it is nice. If something needs the mouse and it chases the mouse then it is nice. If something is nice then it is round. If something visits the cat then the cat visits the lion. If something needs the lion then it is rough. If something needs the bear then the bear is green.", + "original_question": "The mouse is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-501", + "question": "Harry is rough. If Harry is not kind then Harry is nice. If Harry is rough then Harry is nice. If something is nice and kind then it is cold. Nice things are cold. If Harry is cold and Harry is rough then Harry is smart. If something is nice and cold then it is rough. If something is white and not cold then it is smart. If something is nice and smart then it is not white.\n\nQuestion: Harry is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Harry is rough. If Harry is not kind then Harry is nice. If Harry is rough then Harry is nice. If something is nice and kind then it is cold. Nice things are cold. If Harry is cold and Harry is rough then Harry is smart. If something is nice and cold then it is rough. If something is white and not cold then it is smart. If something is nice and smart then it is not white.", + "original_question": "Harry is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-50", + "question": "The circuit includes the switch. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The circuit does not include the light bulb.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The circuit includes the switch. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The circuit does not include the light bulb." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1330", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is white. Fiona is not big. Gary is big. Gary is nice. Harry is blue. Harry is rough. If something is big and not nice then it is white. Round, big things are white. If something is white then it is green. All blue, big things are green. All nice, big things are round. All big things are rough. If Harry is round and Harry is nice then Harry is not rough. If something is round then it is blue.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is white. Fiona is not big. Gary is big. Gary is nice. Harry is blue. Harry is rough. If something is big and not nice then it is white. Round, big things are white. If something is white then it is green. All blue, big things are green. All nice, big things are round. All big things are rough. If Harry is round and Harry is nice then Harry is not rough. If something is round then it is blue.", + "original_question": "Bob is not green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2364", + "question": "The cat visits the lion. The lion likes the tiger. The lion needs the cat. The lion visits the rabbit. The rabbit needs the cat. The tiger needs the cat. The tiger needs the rabbit. If something needs the rabbit then it likes the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not need the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat visits the lion. The lion likes the tiger. The lion needs the cat. The lion visits the rabbit. The rabbit needs the cat. The tiger needs the cat. The tiger needs the rabbit. If something needs the rabbit then it likes the tiger.", + "original_question": "The lion does not need the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-431", + "question": "Bob is a red, rough, green and blue man. Eric is a big fellow, often blue and sad, but he is nice. Gary is a kind person and he is also often cold. Harry seems to be round. When rough and kind can describe a person, then cold will describe them, too. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. Someone with rough and green feet is invariably kind. A big round young person is often blue. A kind person who looks blue because he is is cold is usually big in stature. Green folks who are nice and rough are a round shape.\n\nQuestion: Bob is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is a red, rough, green and blue man. Eric is a big fellow, often blue and sad, but he is nice. Gary is a kind person and he is also often cold. Harry seems to be round. When rough and kind can describe a person, then cold will describe them, too. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. Someone with rough and green feet is invariably kind. A big round young person is often blue. A kind person who looks blue because he is is cold is usually big in stature. Green folks who are nice and rough are a round shape.", + "original_question": "Bob is cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-57", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the squirrel. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle does not visit the squirrel. The cat is rough. The cat likes the squirrel. The cow is big. The cow likes the squirrel. The cow visits the squirrel. The squirrel eats the cow. The squirrel likes the bald eagle. If someone likes the cow and they do not eat the cat then they do not eat the bald eagle. If someone eats the cat then they are blue. If someone is big then they do not like the cat. If the cow eats the cat and the cat is big then the cow visits the bald eagle. If someone visits the cat then the cat is round. If someone visits the cow then they are round. If someone is kind then they like the squirrel. If someone visits the cat and the cat is round then they are big. If someone eats the squirrel and they like the squirrel then the squirrel visits the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cat is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the squirrel. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle does not visit the squirrel. The cat is rough. The cat likes the squirrel. The cow is big. The cow likes the squirrel. The cow visits the squirrel. The squirrel eats the cow. The squirrel likes the bald eagle. If someone likes the cow and they do not eat the cat then they do not eat the bald eagle. If someone eats the cat then they are blue. If someone is big then they do not like the cat. If the cow eats the cat and the cat is big then the cow visits the bald eagle. If someone visits the cat then the cat is round. If someone visits the cow then they are round. If someone is kind then they like the squirrel. If someone visits the cat and the cat is round then they are big. If someone eats the squirrel and they like the squirrel then the squirrel visits the cat.", + "original_question": "The cat is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-46", + "question": "Charlie may be round, but he is also kind. Dave is shaped big and round like a balloon. His red color shows how kind he is. Eric seems to be round. Young people are so rough that they can hold their breath until they are blue. If a person happens to be big kind and red at the same time they are a young person. A nice, green, big person is also sure to be a red person. Anyone feeling cold is bound to act nice. A young person with red hands is rough around the edges. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough. Green folks who are nice and rough are a round shape.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie may be round, but he is also kind. Dave is shaped big and round like a balloon. His red color shows how kind he is. Eric seems to be round. Young people are so rough that they can hold their breath until they are blue. If a person happens to be big kind and red at the same time they are a young person. A nice, green, big person is also sure to be a red person. Anyone feeling cold is bound to act nice. A young person with red hands is rough around the edges. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough. Green folks who are nice and rough are a round shape.", + "original_question": "Dave is not big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-54", + "question": "Erin is furry. Erin is quiet. Fiona is red. Gary is quiet. Gary is smart. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is nice. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. If Gary is blue then Gary is furry. If someone is nice then they are young. All red people are nice. Young, blue people are quiet. All nice, quiet people are red. If someone is smart and quiet then they are red. All red people are quiet. All red, young people are blue. If Harry is quiet then Harry is furry.\n\nQuestion: Harry is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Erin is furry. Erin is quiet. Fiona is red. Gary is quiet. Gary is smart. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is nice. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. If Gary is blue then Gary is furry. If someone is nice then they are young. All red people are nice. Young, blue people are quiet. All nice, quiet people are red. If someone is smart and quiet then they are red. All red people are quiet. All red, young people are blue. If Harry is quiet then Harry is furry.", + "original_question": "Harry is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-221", + "question": "The lion chases the mouse. The mouse needs the tiger. The tiger likes the mouse. If someone needs the mouse and the mouse needs the lion then they are big. If the mouse needs the tiger then the tiger is kind. If someone likes the mouse and the mouse needs the lion then the lion likes the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The mouse needs the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion chases the mouse. The mouse needs the tiger. The tiger likes the mouse. If someone needs the mouse and the mouse needs the lion then they are big. If the mouse needs the tiger then the tiger is kind. If someone likes the mouse and the mouse needs the lion then the lion likes the tiger.", + "original_question": "The mouse needs the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1482", + "question": "The lion likes the squirrel. The mouse visits the lion. The squirrel likes the mouse. The tiger is not nice. If something is green and not blue then it visits the mouse. If something is green then it does not see the lion. If something visits the lion then the lion is green.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not like the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion likes the squirrel. The mouse visits the lion. The squirrel likes the mouse. The tiger is not nice. If something is green and not blue then it visits the mouse. If something is green then it does not see the lion. If something visits the lion then the lion is green.", + "original_question": "The lion does not like the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-5299", + "question": "The tiger is big. The tiger is blue. The tiger is kind. The tiger is red. The tiger is not young. If something is kind then it is red. If something is young and not red then it is blue. Big things are not young. If something is big then it is not young. All blue things are big. If something is red and not kind then it is big.\n\nQuestion: The tiger is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The tiger is big. The tiger is blue. The tiger is kind. The tiger is red. The tiger is not young. If something is kind then it is red. If something is young and not red then it is blue. Big things are not young. If something is big then it is not young. All blue things are big. If something is red and not kind then it is big.", + "original_question": "The tiger is kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1043", + "question": "The bear does not visit the tiger. The cow is young. The tiger visits the cow. If the cow is red then the cow likes the tiger. If someone needs the cow then they need the tiger. If someone visits the cow then the cow visits the bear. If someone is blue and young then they like the cow. If someone visits the bear then the bear needs the cow. If someone likes the tiger and they are not young then the tiger is not red.\n\nQuestion: The tiger visits the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear does not visit the tiger. The cow is young. The tiger visits the cow. If the cow is red then the cow likes the tiger. If someone needs the cow then they need the tiger. If someone visits the cow then the cow visits the bear. If someone is blue and young then they like the cow. If someone visits the bear then the bear needs the cow. If someone likes the tiger and they are not young then the tiger is not red.", + "original_question": "The tiger visits the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-774", + "question": "Charlie is nice. Charlie is smart. Dave is young. If someone is blue then they are kind. If Dave is kind then Dave is smart. If Charlie is young then Charlie is smart. If Charlie is blue then Charlie is not kind. If someone is young then they are blue. If someone is smart and not blue then they are red.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is nice. Charlie is smart. Dave is young. If someone is blue then they are kind. If Dave is kind then Dave is smart. If Charlie is young then Charlie is smart. If Charlie is blue then Charlie is not kind. If someone is young then they are blue. If someone is smart and not blue then they are red.", + "original_question": "Dave is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-1477", + "question": "Dave is big. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Dave is red. Dave is white. Dave is young. Gary is big. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is kind. Gary is red. If Gary is white and Gary is kind then Gary is big.\n\nQuestion: Dave is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Dave is big. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Dave is red. Dave is white. Dave is young. Gary is big. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is kind. Gary is red. If Gary is white and Gary is kind then Gary is big.", + "original_question": "Dave is white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1097", + "question": "Dave is quiet. Fiona is round. Gary is big. Blue, big people are kind. Big people are young. Quiet people are big. If Gary is big and Gary is quiet then Gary is young. Kind, young people are smart. All kind people are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Gary is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is quiet. Fiona is round. Gary is big. Blue, big people are kind. Big people are young. Quiet people are big. If Gary is big and Gary is quiet then Gary is young. Kind, young people are smart. All kind people are quiet.", + "original_question": "Gary is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-134", + "question": "The bear is kind. The cat visits the bear. The dog is round. If something sees the dog then the dog visits the cat. If something visits the bear and the bear sees the dog then it is round. If something is round then it sees the cat. If the bear sees the dog then the bear likes the dog. If something visits the cat then the cat likes the bear. If something likes the dog and the dog likes the cat then the dog visits the bear. If something visits the cat and it is cold then it sees the cat. If something is kind then it sees the dog.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not see the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear is kind. The cat visits the bear. The dog is round. If something sees the dog then the dog visits the cat. If something visits the bear and the bear sees the dog then it is round. If something is round then it sees the cat. If the bear sees the dog then the bear likes the dog. If something visits the cat then the cat likes the bear. If something likes the dog and the dog likes the cat then the dog visits the bear. If something visits the cat and it is cold then it sees the cat. If something is kind then it sees the dog.", + "original_question": "The cat does not see the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-441", + "question": "Bob is young. Charlie is kind. Charlie is not quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Charlie is not white. Charlie is young. Erin is kind. Erin is quiet. Erin is smart. Erin is not young. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is not rough. Harry is smart. Harry is not white. If something is red and not white then it is smart.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is young. Charlie is kind. Charlie is not quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Charlie is not white. Charlie is young. Erin is kind. Erin is quiet. Erin is smart. Erin is not young. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is not rough. Harry is smart. Harry is not white. If something is red and not white then it is smart.", + "original_question": "Harry is not white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1493", + "question": "Bob is furry. Bob is quiet. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Charlie is big. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is rough. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Harry is quiet. Harry is round. Harry is white. Big people are young. If someone is round and white then they are young. If someone is young then they are furry.\n\nQuestion: Harry is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is furry. Bob is quiet. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Charlie is big. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is rough. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Harry is quiet. Harry is round. Harry is white. Big people are young. If someone is round and white then they are young. If someone is young then they are furry.", + "original_question": "Harry is furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-2748", + "question": "The dog does not chase the rabbit. The dog is not cold. The dog does not like the rabbit. The dog sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the dog. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit is not young. The rabbit does not like the dog. The rabbit does not see the dog. If something sees the rabbit then it chases the dog. If something sees the dog then the dog is red. If the rabbit sees the dog and the rabbit is cold then the dog chases the rabbit. If something is red and it does not see the rabbit then the rabbit is not red. If the rabbit sees the dog then the rabbit does not chase the dog. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit sees the dog then the rabbit is cold.\n\nQuestion: The dog chases the dog.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The dog does not chase the rabbit. The dog is not cold. The dog does not like the rabbit. The dog sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the dog. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit is not young. The rabbit does not like the dog. The rabbit does not see the dog. If something sees the rabbit then it chases the dog. If something sees the dog then the dog is red. If the rabbit sees the dog and the rabbit is cold then the dog chases the rabbit. If something is red and it does not see the rabbit then the rabbit is not red. If the rabbit sees the dog then the rabbit does not chase the dog. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit sees the dog then the rabbit is cold.", + "original_question": "The dog chases the dog." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-819", + "question": "The cat is rough. The cat is round. The cat does not need the mouse. The cat sees the tiger. The cat visits the mouse. The mouse does not need the tiger. The mouse sees the cat. The tiger is round. The tiger needs the cat. The tiger visits the cat. If the cat sees the tiger then the cat does not need the tiger. If something needs the cat and the cat does not visit the mouse then the cat is rough. If something sees the mouse then it sees the cat. If the tiger sees the cat then the tiger is green. If the mouse sees the cat then the cat sees the mouse. If something sees the cat then the cat is young. If something sees the cat and the cat sees the mouse then it visits the tiger. If something visits the mouse then the mouse sees the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not see the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat is rough. The cat is round. The cat does not need the mouse. The cat sees the tiger. The cat visits the mouse. The mouse does not need the tiger. The mouse sees the cat. The tiger is round. The tiger needs the cat. The tiger visits the cat. If the cat sees the tiger then the cat does not need the tiger. If something needs the cat and the cat does not visit the mouse then the cat is rough. If something sees the mouse then it sees the cat. If the tiger sees the cat then the tiger is green. If the mouse sees the cat then the cat sees the mouse. If something sees the cat then the cat is young. If something sees the cat and the cat sees the mouse then it visits the tiger. If something visits the mouse then the mouse sees the tiger.", + "original_question": "The cat does not see the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-49", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is kind. Bob is red. Fiona is big. Fiona is cold. Fiona is kind. Fiona is red. Fiona is young. Gary is blue. Gary is cold. Gary is kind. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is young. Harry is blue. All red people are blue. If someone is blue then they are young. Red, young people are cold.\n\nQuestion: Bob is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is kind. Bob is red. Fiona is big. Fiona is cold. Fiona is kind. Fiona is red. Fiona is young. Gary is blue. Gary is cold. Gary is kind. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is young. Harry is blue. All red people are blue. If someone is blue then they are young. Red, young people are cold.", + "original_question": "Bob is blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-598", + "question": "The bald eagle likes the dog. The bald eagle needs the lion. The bald eagle visits the dog. The bald eagle visits the lion. The dog is cold. The dog is not nice. The dog does not like the lion. The dog visits the lion. The dog visits the mouse. The lion likes the bald eagle. The lion visits the bald eagle. The lion visits the dog. The mouse likes the lion. The mouse does not visit the lion. If something is round then it visits the mouse. If something visits the mouse then it is cold. If something visits the dog and the dog needs the lion then the lion is round. If something is cold then it needs the lion. If the mouse does not visit the dog then the dog is green.\n\nQuestion: The lion is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle likes the dog. The bald eagle needs the lion. The bald eagle visits the dog. The bald eagle visits the lion. The dog is cold. The dog is not nice. The dog does not like the lion. The dog visits the lion. The dog visits the mouse. The lion likes the bald eagle. The lion visits the bald eagle. The lion visits the dog. The mouse likes the lion. The mouse does not visit the lion. If something is round then it visits the mouse. If something visits the mouse then it is cold. If something visits the dog and the dog needs the lion then the lion is round. If something is cold then it needs the lion. If the mouse does not visit the dog then the dog is green.", + "original_question": "The lion is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-5301", + "question": "Anne is blue. Bob is furry. Bob is not rough. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Erin is blue. Erin is cold. Erin is not rough. Erin is white. Erin is young. All smart, white things are young. All furry, cold things are young. Cold, smart things are white. If Charlie is cold then Charlie is furry. All smart things are furry. Smart, blue things are not furry.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Bob is furry. Bob is not rough. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Erin is blue. Erin is cold. Erin is not rough. Erin is white. Erin is young. All smart, white things are young. All furry, cold things are young. Cold, smart things are white. If Charlie is cold then Charlie is furry. All smart things are furry. Smart, blue things are not furry.", + "original_question": "Bob is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-2157", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Charlie is blue. Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is rough. Charlie is smart. Fiona is cold. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is rough. Fiona is white. Gary is cold. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is white. If someone is green then they are cold. All green, quiet people are rough.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Charlie is blue. Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is rough. Charlie is smart. Fiona is cold. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is rough. Fiona is white. Gary is cold. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is white. If someone is green then they are cold. All green, quiet people are rough.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-253", + "question": "The cat eats the mouse. The cat eats the squirrel. The cat is rough. The cat sees the lion. The cat sees the mouse. The cat sees the squirrel. The lion sees the cat. The lion sees the squirrel. The mouse is round. The mouse sees the squirrel. The squirrel likes the lion. If someone is cold then they are kind. If someone eats the cat then the cat eats the mouse. If someone eats the mouse then they are cold. If someone eats the squirrel and the squirrel is nice then they see the squirrel. If someone eats the squirrel then they are cold. If someone sees the squirrel then they like the cat. If someone likes the lion and the lion likes the cat then they see the squirrel. If someone sees the mouse and they like the cat then they are nice. If someone sees the squirrel and they are nice then the squirrel eats the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the mouse. The cat eats the squirrel. The cat is rough. The cat sees the lion. The cat sees the mouse. The cat sees the squirrel. The lion sees the cat. The lion sees the squirrel. The mouse is round. The mouse sees the squirrel. The squirrel likes the lion. If someone is cold then they are kind. If someone eats the cat then the cat eats the mouse. If someone eats the mouse then they are cold. If someone eats the squirrel and the squirrel is nice then they see the squirrel. If someone eats the squirrel then they are cold. If someone sees the squirrel then they like the cat. If someone likes the lion and the lion likes the cat then they see the squirrel. If someone sees the mouse and they like the cat then they are nice. If someone sees the squirrel and they are nice then the squirrel eats the mouse.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-915", + "question": "Bob is rough. Dave is nice. Erin is smart. Green things are smart. Nice things are smart. If something is green and quiet then it is not rough. All rough things are kind. All rough, kind things are nice. If something is rough and not nice then it is red.\n\nQuestion: Dave is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is rough. Dave is nice. Erin is smart. Green things are smart. Nice things are smart. If something is green and quiet then it is not rough. All rough things are kind. All rough, kind things are nice. If something is rough and not nice then it is red.", + "original_question": "Dave is smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1410", + "question": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is round. If Charlie is rough then Charlie is young. All cold, round things are white. If something is white and green then it is red.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is round. If Charlie is rough then Charlie is young. All cold, round things are white. If something is white and green then it is red.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1968", + "question": "The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bald eagle likes the squirrel. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The lion is nice. The lion is rough. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel likes the tiger. The squirrel visits the tiger. The tiger is blue. The tiger likes the squirrel. The tiger visits the lion. If something likes the bald eagle and it is big then it visits the squirrel. If something likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle visits the squirrel. If the lion eats the tiger then the lion visits the tiger. If something eats the squirrel then the squirrel is not big. If something is nice then it visits the lion. If the lion does not eat the tiger and the lion does not visit the tiger then the tiger visits the lion. If something visits the lion then it likes the lion. If something is big and it likes the squirrel then it does not like the lion.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not like the lion.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is nice. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bald eagle likes the squirrel. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The lion is nice. The lion is rough. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel likes the tiger. The squirrel visits the tiger. The tiger is blue. The tiger likes the squirrel. The tiger visits the lion. If something likes the bald eagle and it is big then it visits the squirrel. If something likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle visits the squirrel. If the lion eats the tiger then the lion visits the tiger. If something eats the squirrel then the squirrel is not big. If something is nice then it visits the lion. If the lion does not eat the tiger and the lion does not visit the tiger then the tiger visits the lion. If something visits the lion then it likes the lion. If something is big and it likes the squirrel then it does not like the lion.", + "original_question": "The lion does not like the lion." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-57", + "question": "The bald eagle visits the squirrel. The bear needs the squirrel. The cow is nice. The squirrel is big. If someone is blue then they are nice. If someone visits the squirrel then they are kind. Kind people are blue.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle visits the squirrel. The bear needs the squirrel. The cow is nice. The squirrel is big. If someone is blue then they are nice. If someone visits the squirrel then they are kind. Kind people are blue.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle is kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-46", + "question": "Charlie may be round, but he is also kind. Dave is shaped big and round like a balloon. His red color shows how kind he is. Eric seems to be round. Young people are so rough that they can hold their breath until they are blue. If a person happens to be big kind and red at the same time they are a young person. A nice, green, big person is also sure to be a red person. Anyone feeling cold is bound to act nice. A young person with red hands is rough around the edges. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough. Green folks who are nice and rough are a round shape.\n\nQuestion: Dave is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie may be round, but he is also kind. Dave is shaped big and round like a balloon. His red color shows how kind he is. Eric seems to be round. Young people are so rough that they can hold their breath until they are blue. If a person happens to be big kind and red at the same time they are a young person. A nice, green, big person is also sure to be a red person. Anyone feeling cold is bound to act nice. A young person with red hands is rough around the edges. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough. Green folks who are nice and rough are a round shape.", + "original_question": "Dave is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-490", + "question": "Anne is blue. Harry is green. If Harry is young then Harry is not round. All green people are young.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Harry is green. If Harry is young then Harry is not round. All green people are young.", + "original_question": "Harry is not round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-458", + "question": "The bald eagle sees the cow. The bald eagle does not see the tiger. The bald eagle does not visit the tiger. The cat is not rough. The cow does not visit the bald eagle. The tiger is blue. The tiger is rough. The tiger needs the bald eagle. The tiger needs the cat. The tiger sees the bald eagle. The tiger visits the cat. The tiger visits the cow. If something visits the tiger and the tiger visits the bald eagle then the tiger does not visit the cow. If something needs the tiger and the tiger sees the cat then the tiger sees the bald eagle. If something is blue then it sees the tiger. If something needs the cat then it is nice. If something is nice then it needs the cow. If something needs the bald eagle then it visits the bald eagle. If something needs the cow then the cow needs the cat.\n\nQuestion: The tiger does not see the tiger.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle sees the cow. The bald eagle does not see the tiger. The bald eagle does not visit the tiger. The cat is not rough. The cow does not visit the bald eagle. The tiger is blue. The tiger is rough. The tiger needs the bald eagle. The tiger needs the cat. The tiger sees the bald eagle. The tiger visits the cat. The tiger visits the cow. If something visits the tiger and the tiger visits the bald eagle then the tiger does not visit the cow. If something needs the tiger and the tiger sees the cat then the tiger sees the bald eagle. If something is blue then it sees the tiger. If something needs the cat then it is nice. If something is nice then it needs the cow. If something needs the bald eagle then it visits the bald eagle. If something needs the cow then the cow needs the cat.", + "original_question": "The tiger does not see the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1193", + "question": "The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle sees the lion. The lion is green. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the lion. The tiger visits the lion. If the bald eagle sees the tiger then the bald eagle likes the rabbit. If something is cold then it sees the tiger. If something visits the lion and the lion likes the tiger then the lion is not round. If something sees the lion then it likes the bald eagle. If something likes the rabbit and the rabbit sees the lion then the rabbit does not visit the bald eagle. If something is green and it does not visit the lion then it does not see the rabbit. If something is kind and green then it visits the rabbit. If something sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle does not like the rabbit then the bald eagle is young.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit visits the bald eagle.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle sees the lion. The lion is green. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the lion. The tiger visits the lion. If the bald eagle sees the tiger then the bald eagle likes the rabbit. If something is cold then it sees the tiger. If something visits the lion and the lion likes the tiger then the lion is not round. If something sees the lion then it likes the bald eagle. If something likes the rabbit and the rabbit sees the lion then the rabbit does not visit the bald eagle. If something is green and it does not visit the lion then it does not see the rabbit. If something is kind and green then it visits the rabbit. If something sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle does not like the rabbit then the bald eagle is young.", + "original_question": "The rabbit visits the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-842", + "question": "The bald eagle is green. The bear is rough. The mouse likes the bear. The squirrel likes the bear. If something chases the squirrel and it likes the mouse then it is kind. If something is rough and it likes the mouse then it is kind. If something is rough and it likes the squirrel then it likes the bald eagle. All rough things are young. If something is rough then it needs the mouse. If something is young then it needs the bear. If something chases the squirrel and the squirrel chases the bald eagle then the squirrel is rough. If something needs the mouse and it is young then it likes the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The bear does not need the bear.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is green. The bear is rough. The mouse likes the bear. The squirrel likes the bear. If something chases the squirrel and it likes the mouse then it is kind. If something is rough and it likes the mouse then it is kind. If something is rough and it likes the squirrel then it likes the bald eagle. All rough things are young. If something is rough then it needs the mouse. If something is young then it needs the bear. If something chases the squirrel and the squirrel chases the bald eagle then the squirrel is rough. If something needs the mouse and it is young then it likes the mouse.", + "original_question": "The bear does not need the bear." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-375", + "question": "Alan seems to be round. Rough and round Bob is nice and kind and he's also cold. Eric is green because he is young. Eric is also very kind but he can be rough when people make fun of him. Fred is green and cold too. Young, red people are usually quite blue too. Young people who are cold and blue are actually kind. A kind person will certainly be rough as well. Any person who can be red and blue at the same time is cold. Nice people with red and rough skin are green with envy. When you meet and big and nice man, they will be kind to the earth and live green lifestyle. When you run into someone who is rough and green at the same time, they will also be red.\n\nQuestion: Eric is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Alan seems to be round. Rough and round Bob is nice and kind and he's also cold. Eric is green because he is young. Eric is also very kind but he can be rough when people make fun of him. Fred is green and cold too. Young, red people are usually quite blue too. Young people who are cold and blue are actually kind. A kind person will certainly be rough as well. Any person who can be red and blue at the same time is cold. Nice people with red and rough skin are green with envy. When you meet and big and nice man, they will be kind to the earth and live green lifestyle. When you run into someone who is rough and green at the same time, they will also be red.", + "original_question": "Eric is not red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-577", + "question": "Bob is smart. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Harry is white. All red people are round. Round, smart people are cold. If someone is cold and young then they are white. Red people are round. All round, young people are red. If someone is smart then they are rough. Rough, young people are red. If Bob is round then Bob is smart. If Charlie is white and Charlie is rough then Charlie is young.\n\nQuestion: Bob is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "Bob is smart. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Harry is white. All red people are round. Round, smart people are cold. If someone is cold and young then they are white. Red people are round. All round, young people are red. If someone is smart then they are rough. Rough, young people are red. If Bob is round then Bob is smart. If Charlie is white and Charlie is rough then Charlie is young.", + "original_question": "Bob is white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-619", + "question": "The cat is nice. The dog chases the rabbit. The rabbit visits the tiger. The tiger is nice. If the rabbit is blue and the rabbit visits the tiger then the tiger is young. If the rabbit visits the dog and the dog visits the rabbit then the rabbit eats the cat. If something eats the rabbit and it is red then the rabbit eats the cat. If something eats the tiger and it eats the rabbit then it visits the tiger. All young things are blue. If something chases the rabbit then the rabbit is blue. If something is red and it visits the cat then the cat visits the tiger. If something eats the tiger and it visits the rabbit then it chases the dog.\n\nQuestion: The cat is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat is nice. The dog chases the rabbit. The rabbit visits the tiger. The tiger is nice. If the rabbit is blue and the rabbit visits the tiger then the tiger is young. If the rabbit visits the dog and the dog visits the rabbit then the rabbit eats the cat. If something eats the rabbit and it is red then the rabbit eats the cat. If something eats the tiger and it eats the rabbit then it visits the tiger. All young things are blue. If something chases the rabbit then the rabbit is blue. If something is red and it visits the cat then the cat visits the tiger. If something eats the tiger and it visits the rabbit then it chases the dog.", + "original_question": "The cat is nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-315", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The cat is kind. The cow is round. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit visits the bald eagle. If something needs the rabbit and the rabbit is round then it is green. If something is cold then it needs the rabbit. If something needs the cow then it visits the cow. If something is kind and it needs the bald eagle then it is round. If something eats the cat then the cat needs the cow. If something needs the cow and the cow visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is green. If something needs the cat then the cat needs the rabbit. If something visits the cow then the cow eats the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not visit the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The cat is kind. The cow is round. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit visits the bald eagle. If something needs the rabbit and the rabbit is round then it is green. If something is cold then it needs the rabbit. If something needs the cow then it visits the cow. If something is kind and it needs the bald eagle then it is round. If something eats the cat then the cat needs the cow. If something needs the cow and the cow visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is green. If something needs the cat then the cat needs the rabbit. If something visits the cow then the cow eats the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The cat does not visit the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-160", + "question": "Charlie is quiet. Dave is young. Erin is cold. Fiona is cold. Cold people are young. All young people are nice. Quiet people are nice. If Erin is young and Erin is not cold then Erin is nice. If Dave is blue then Dave is not white. All cold, nice people are blue. All nice, white people are blue. All cold, white people are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is quiet. Dave is young. Erin is cold. Fiona is cold. Cold people are young. All young people are nice. Quiet people are nice. If Erin is young and Erin is not cold then Erin is nice. If Dave is blue then Dave is not white. All cold, nice people are blue. All nice, white people are blue. All cold, white people are quiet.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1043", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is green. Bob is red. Bob is white. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Fiona is green. Fiona is red. Harry is big. Harry is red. Harry is young. Red things are young. Round, young things are white. Green, young things are round.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is green. Bob is red. Bob is white. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Fiona is green. Fiona is red. Harry is big. Harry is red. Harry is young. Red things are young. Round, young things are white. Green, young things are round.", + "original_question": "Bob is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1311", + "question": "Anne is smart. Erin is kind. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Harry is kind. Harry is round. Harry is white. Kind, red things are quiet. If something is kind then it is red. All quiet, white things are round.\n\nQuestion: Erin is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is smart. Erin is kind. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Harry is kind. Harry is round. Harry is white. Kind, red things are quiet. If something is kind then it is red. All quiet, white things are round.", + "original_question": "Erin is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-1074", + "question": "The lion is rough. The mouse eats the lion. The mouse eats the rabbit. The mouse is blue. The mouse is nice. The mouse does not visit the lion. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is young. The rabbit needs the lion. The rabbit needs the mouse. If something needs the rabbit and it is not big then it is young. If the lion does not visit the rabbit then the rabbit needs the lion. If something eats the mouse then it needs the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The mouse is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion is rough. The mouse eats the lion. The mouse eats the rabbit. The mouse is blue. The mouse is nice. The mouse does not visit the lion. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is young. The rabbit needs the lion. The rabbit needs the mouse. If something needs the rabbit and it is not big then it is young. If the lion does not visit the rabbit then the rabbit needs the lion. If something eats the mouse then it needs the mouse.", + "original_question": "The mouse is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-973", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Dave is big. Dave is not round. Dave is not young. Gary is blue. Gary is nice. If someone is blue then they are quiet. Nice people are blue. If someone is quiet and blue then they are round. If someone is quiet then they are young. If someone is round then they are young. If Gary is round then Gary is blue. If someone is round and not blue then they are not big. If Dave is not big and Dave is not blue then Dave is not cold.\n\nQuestion: Anne is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Dave is big. Dave is not round. Dave is not young. Gary is blue. Gary is nice. If someone is blue then they are quiet. Nice people are blue. If someone is quiet and blue then they are round. If someone is quiet then they are young. If someone is round then they are young. If Gary is round then Gary is blue. If someone is round and not blue then they are not big. If Dave is not big and Dave is not blue then Dave is not cold.", + "original_question": "Anne is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-928", + "question": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Fiona is rough. Harry is kind. Harry is rough. Red things are nice. All nice things are cold. Furry things are kind. If something is cold and rough then it is white. If Fiona is furry then Fiona is kind. Rough, kind things are furry. White things are kind.\n\nQuestion: Dave is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Fiona is rough. Harry is kind. Harry is rough. Red things are nice. All nice things are cold. Furry things are kind. If something is cold and rough then it is white. If Fiona is furry then Fiona is kind. Rough, kind things are furry. White things are kind.", + "original_question": "Dave is cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-625", + "question": "The bear eats the squirrel. The bear is nice. The bear is round. The bear needs the squirrel. The cow does not eat the tiger. The cow is cold. The cow needs the tiger. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel does not see the bear. The squirrel sees the tiger. The tiger needs the bear. If the squirrel is blue then the squirrel sees the tiger. If someone sees the tiger then they need the cow. If someone eats the tiger and they are not blue then they eat the cow. If someone needs the cow then they eat the bear. If someone is cold then they see the tiger. If someone needs the cow then they see the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not see the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear eats the squirrel. The bear is nice. The bear is round. The bear needs the squirrel. The cow does not eat the tiger. The cow is cold. The cow needs the tiger. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel does not see the bear. The squirrel sees the tiger. The tiger needs the bear. If the squirrel is blue then the squirrel sees the tiger. If someone sees the tiger then they need the cow. If someone eats the tiger and they are not blue then they eat the cow. If someone needs the cow then they eat the bear. If someone is cold then they see the tiger. If someone needs the cow then they see the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The cow does not see the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-406", + "question": "Bob is a round and rough around the edges, and he is also big. Charlie is green and cold too. Fred can be kind but he will talks so much his face turns blue. He is usually red and round other than that. Round people who feel blue and are green in color are often young in age. A very big person who is green but also red is a rough person. When green, young and round fits a person, you'll see that rough will also fit. Being young and cold also means you're green. Interesting that all round people are cold. A round person who is on the young side is also likely to treat people in a kind manner. A kind person will certainly be young.\n\nQuestion: Fred is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is a round and rough around the edges, and he is also big. Charlie is green and cold too. Fred can be kind but he will talks so much his face turns blue. He is usually red and round other than that. Round people who feel blue and are green in color are often young in age. A very big person who is green but also red is a rough person. When green, young and round fits a person, you'll see that rough will also fit. Being young and cold also means you're green. Interesting that all round people are cold. A round person who is on the young side is also likely to treat people in a kind manner. A kind person will certainly be young.", + "original_question": "Fred is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-7075", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is kind. Anne is quiet. Anne is smart. Anne is white. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Gary is not big. Gary is kind. Gary is quiet. Gary is not red. Gary is not round. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Smart, big things are not red. Kind things are not red. If Bob is round and Bob is white then Bob is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Anne is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is kind. Anne is quiet. Anne is smart. Anne is white. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Gary is not big. Gary is kind. Gary is quiet. Gary is not red. Gary is not round. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Smart, big things are not red. Kind things are not red. If Bob is round and Bob is white then Bob is quiet.", + "original_question": "Anne is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-987", + "question": "The bear is blue. The bear is cold. The bear is round. If the bear is young and the bear is round then the bear is green. If the bear is blue then the bear is young. If someone is cold and blue then they are round.\n\nQuestion: The bear is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bear is blue. The bear is cold. The bear is round. If the bear is young and the bear is round then the bear is green. If the bear is blue then the bear is young. If someone is cold and blue then they are round.", + "original_question": "The bear is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-120", + "question": "Fiona is big. Fiona is furry. Fiona is white. If Fiona is blue then Fiona is cold. If something is furry and white then it is blue. Cold things are big. Cold, furry things are quiet. If something is furry then it is blue. All cold things are blue. If something is big and blue then it is white. All cold things are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Fiona is big. Fiona is furry. Fiona is white. If Fiona is blue then Fiona is cold. If something is furry and white then it is blue. Cold things are big. Cold, furry things are quiet. If something is furry then it is blue. All cold things are blue. If something is big and blue then it is white. All cold things are quiet.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-279", + "question": "The bear is blue. The bear is round. The bear sees the cow. The cow is blue. The lion is rough. The lion likes the tiger. The lion sees the bear. The tiger is cold. The tiger is round. The tiger sees the bear. The tiger sees the cow. If someone is blue then they like the tiger. If the cow is blue then the cow chases the lion. If someone likes the tiger and the tiger sees the bear then they chase the lion. If someone likes the lion then the lion chases the tiger. If the cow is cold and the cow chases the bear then the bear chases the tiger. If someone chases the cow and they chase the lion then they chase the bear. If someone is rough then they chase the cow. If someone is cold then they are blue. If someone is blue and they chase the lion then they are rough.\n\nQuestion: The bear does not see the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is blue. The bear is round. The bear sees the cow. The cow is blue. The lion is rough. The lion likes the tiger. The lion sees the bear. The tiger is cold. The tiger is round. The tiger sees the bear. The tiger sees the cow. If someone is blue then they like the tiger. If the cow is blue then the cow chases the lion. If someone likes the tiger and the tiger sees the bear then they chase the lion. If someone likes the lion then the lion chases the tiger. If the cow is cold and the cow chases the bear then the bear chases the tiger. If someone chases the cow and they chase the lion then they chase the bear. If someone is rough then they chase the cow. If someone is cold then they are blue. If someone is blue and they chase the lion then they are rough.", + "original_question": "The bear does not see the cow." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-938", + "question": "The bald eagle is green. The bald eagle needs the squirrel. The bald eagle sees the tiger. The bald eagle visits the mouse. The mouse is round. The mouse needs the squirrel. The mouse sees the squirrel. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is round. The squirrel needs the mouse. The squirrel visits the mouse. The squirrel visits the tiger. The tiger is big. The tiger is rough. The tiger needs the squirrel. The tiger visits the squirrel. If something visits the bald eagle and it is round then the bald eagle sees the squirrel. If something sees the tiger and it needs the squirrel then the tiger is round. If something is nice then it visits the bald eagle. If something is round then it sees the squirrel. If something sees the squirrel then it is nice.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle sees the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is green. The bald eagle needs the squirrel. The bald eagle sees the tiger. The bald eagle visits the mouse. The mouse is round. The mouse needs the squirrel. The mouse sees the squirrel. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is round. The squirrel needs the mouse. The squirrel visits the mouse. The squirrel visits the tiger. The tiger is big. The tiger is rough. The tiger needs the squirrel. The tiger visits the squirrel. If something visits the bald eagle and it is round then the bald eagle sees the squirrel. If something sees the tiger and it needs the squirrel then the tiger is round. If something is nice then it visits the bald eagle. If something is round then it sees the squirrel. If something sees the squirrel then it is nice.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle sees the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1897", + "question": "Anne is nice. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is young. Charlie is red. Harry is round. Harry is white. If Harry is nice then Harry is big. All young, white people are round. Red people are nice. If Charlie is nice and Charlie is round then Charlie is red. Rough, red people are big. All big people are white.\n\nQuestion: Harry is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is young. Charlie is red. Harry is round. Harry is white. If Harry is nice then Harry is big. All young, white people are round. Red people are nice. If Charlie is nice and Charlie is round then Charlie is red. Rough, red people are big. All big people are white.", + "original_question": "Harry is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1096", + "question": "Bob is blue. Erin is red. Erin is young. If something is nice then it is blue. If Erin is blue then Erin is red. If something is blue then it is nice. If something is white and not nice then it is not round. All nice things are red. If something is white and not nice then it is red. Round, blue things are green. Red things are young.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Erin is red. Erin is young. If something is nice then it is blue. If Erin is blue then Erin is red. If something is blue then it is nice. If something is white and not nice then it is not round. All nice things are red. If something is white and not nice then it is red. Round, blue things are green. Red things are young.", + "original_question": "Bob is not red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-561", + "question": "Bob is blue. Dave is nice. Dave is white. Erin is blue. Erin is white. Fiona is big. Fiona is not nice. Big things are furry. Blue, nice things are furry. If something is white and kind then it is blue. Furry, round things are blue. All white things are round. If something is furry then it is white. Round things are white. If something is blue then it is kind.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Dave is nice. Dave is white. Erin is blue. Erin is white. Fiona is big. Fiona is not nice. Big things are furry. Blue, nice things are furry. If something is white and kind then it is blue. Furry, round things are blue. All white things are round. If something is furry then it is white. Round things are white. If something is blue then it is kind.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-2105", + "question": "The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The rabbit is round. The tiger does not see the rabbit. If something chases the bald eagle then it does not chase the tiger. If something is rough then it likes the tiger. If the bald eagle sees the rabbit and the rabbit is not rough then the rabbit is red. If the tiger does not see the rabbit and the rabbit is not rough then the tiger likes the rabbit. If something sees the rabbit then the rabbit likes the bald eagle. If the bald eagle is not round then the bald eagle sees the rabbit. If something likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the tiger. If something sees the rabbit and it does not see the tiger then the rabbit chases the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not see the tiger.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The rabbit is round. The tiger does not see the rabbit. If something chases the bald eagle then it does not chase the tiger. If something is rough then it likes the tiger. If the bald eagle sees the rabbit and the rabbit is not rough then the rabbit is red. If the tiger does not see the rabbit and the rabbit is not rough then the tiger likes the rabbit. If something sees the rabbit then the rabbit likes the bald eagle. If the bald eagle is not round then the bald eagle sees the rabbit. If something likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the tiger. If something sees the rabbit and it does not see the tiger then the rabbit chases the tiger.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not see the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-751", + "question": "Anne is furry. Anne is quiet. Erin is furry. Erin is not rough. Fiona is not quiet. Fiona is smart. Harry is quiet. Smart people are white. Quiet people are smart. All smart, rough people are not furry. If someone is white and not quiet then they are not furry. All white people are cold. All furry, quiet people are not rough. If Fiona is smart and Fiona is quiet then Fiona is white. If Harry is cold then Harry is rough. If Erin is white and Erin is not smart then Erin is not cold.\n\nQuestion: Harry is furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Anne is quiet. Erin is furry. Erin is not rough. Fiona is not quiet. Fiona is smart. Harry is quiet. Smart people are white. Quiet people are smart. All smart, rough people are not furry. If someone is white and not quiet then they are not furry. All white people are cold. All furry, quiet people are not rough. If Fiona is smart and Fiona is quiet then Fiona is white. If Harry is cold then Harry is rough. If Erin is white and Erin is not smart then Erin is not cold.", + "original_question": "Harry is furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-6283", + "question": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is round. Charlie is not white. Charlie is young. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is quiet. Dave is round. Dave is white. Dave is young. All furry, young things are cold.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is round. Charlie is not white. Charlie is young. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is quiet. Dave is round. Dave is white. Dave is young. All furry, young things are cold.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1311", + "question": "Anne is smart. Erin is kind. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Harry is kind. Harry is round. Harry is white. Kind, red things are quiet. If something is kind then it is red. All quiet, white things are round.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is smart. Erin is kind. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Harry is kind. Harry is round. Harry is white. Kind, red things are quiet. If something is kind then it is red. All quiet, white things are round.", + "original_question": "Erin is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-59", + "question": "Dave may be round, but he is also kind. Eric is rather round shaped nice fellow who is feeling blue and looking green today. Harry is big, round and rough, but he is nice and kind. Young people who are cold to others and green with envy are actually nice. Every single big person is a little green in some areas. You'll always find rough, cold, green people to also be red people. Someone that is cold rough and red is also considered to be kind. A round shaped kind person who is colored green will be cold natured.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Dave may be round, but he is also kind. Eric is rather round shaped nice fellow who is feeling blue and looking green today. Harry is big, round and rough, but he is nice and kind. Young people who are cold to others and green with envy are actually nice. Every single big person is a little green in some areas. You'll always find rough, cold, green people to also be red people. Someone that is cold rough and red is also considered to be kind. A round shaped kind person who is colored green will be cold natured.", + "original_question": "Harry is not red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-491", + "question": "The cat chases the lion. The cow likes the lion. The lion likes the cat. If something likes the lion then it is nice. If something chases the cow then the cow is kind. Kind things are nice.\n\nQuestion: The cat chases the lion.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat chases the lion. The cow likes the lion. The lion likes the cat. If something likes the lion then it is nice. If something chases the cow then the cow is kind. Kind things are nice.", + "original_question": "The cat chases the lion." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-1819", + "question": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle is young. Young people are red. If the bald eagle is young then the bald eagle is nice.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle is young. Young people are red. If the bald eagle is young then the bald eagle is nice.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-625", + "question": "The bear eats the squirrel. The bear is nice. The bear is round. The bear needs the squirrel. The cow does not eat the tiger. The cow is cold. The cow needs the tiger. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel does not see the bear. The squirrel sees the tiger. The tiger needs the bear. If the squirrel is blue then the squirrel sees the tiger. If someone sees the tiger then they need the cow. If someone eats the tiger and they are not blue then they eat the cow. If someone needs the cow then they eat the bear. If someone is cold then they see the tiger. If someone needs the cow then they see the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The cow eats the bear.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear eats the squirrel. The bear is nice. The bear is round. The bear needs the squirrel. The cow does not eat the tiger. The cow is cold. The cow needs the tiger. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel does not see the bear. The squirrel sees the tiger. The tiger needs the bear. If the squirrel is blue then the squirrel sees the tiger. If someone sees the tiger then they need the cow. If someone eats the tiger and they are not blue then they eat the cow. If someone needs the cow then they eat the bear. If someone is cold then they see the tiger. If someone needs the cow then they see the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The cow eats the bear." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1859", + "question": "Bob is red. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Dave is smart. Fiona is rough. Fiona is white. Gary is blue. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is young. All smart people are red. White, blue people are quiet. Quiet, rough people are young. All rough people are young. All white, young people are red. All red people are rough.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is red. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Dave is smart. Fiona is rough. Fiona is white. Gary is blue. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is young. All smart people are red. White, blue people are quiet. Quiet, rough people are young. All rough people are young. All white, young people are red. All red people are rough.", + "original_question": "Gary is not red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-777", + "question": "The cow is red. The cow likes the dog. The dog chases the cow. The tiger chases the dog. The tiger likes the cow. The tiger likes the dog. The tiger sees the dog. If something is young then it chases the cow. If something chases the dog then it sees the cow. If the tiger is blue and the tiger sees the dog then the dog likes the tiger. If the cow likes the tiger and the tiger likes the cow then the tiger sees the cow. If something sees the cow then the cow chases the dog. If something likes the cow then it likes the dog. If something sees the dog then the dog likes the tiger. If something sees the cow then the cow sees the dog.\n\nQuestion: The tiger sees the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow is red. The cow likes the dog. The dog chases the cow. The tiger chases the dog. The tiger likes the cow. The tiger likes the dog. The tiger sees the dog. If something is young then it chases the cow. If something chases the dog then it sees the cow. If the tiger is blue and the tiger sees the dog then the dog likes the tiger. If the cow likes the tiger and the tiger likes the cow then the tiger sees the cow. If something sees the cow then the cow chases the dog. If something likes the cow then it likes the dog. If something sees the dog then the dog likes the tiger. If something sees the cow then the cow sees the dog.", + "original_question": "The tiger sees the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-257", + "question": "Anne is kind. Anne is rough. Anne is round. Anne is young. Charlie is blue. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Erin is kind. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. If Erin is rough then Erin is quiet. All quiet things are blue. If Anne is quiet then Anne is nice. Blue, rough things are young. All round things are quiet. Round, nice things are rough. If something is round then it is quiet. If Anne is kind and Anne is young then Anne is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Anne is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is kind. Anne is rough. Anne is round. Anne is young. Charlie is blue. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Erin is kind. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. If Erin is rough then Erin is quiet. All quiet things are blue. If Anne is quiet then Anne is nice. Blue, rough things are young. All round things are quiet. Round, nice things are rough. If something is round then it is quiet. If Anne is kind and Anne is young then Anne is quiet.", + "original_question": "Anne is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-184", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is not green. Anne is not quiet. Anne is white. Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Dave is not rough. Dave is white. Dave is young. Gary is cold. Gary is green. All cold people are young.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is not green. Anne is not quiet. Anne is white. Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Dave is not rough. Dave is white. Dave is young. Gary is cold. Gary is green. All cold people are young.", + "original_question": "Gary is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-828", + "question": "The cat eats the rabbit. The cat is cold. The cat is green. The cat is nice. The cat is round. The cat is young. The cat likes the rabbit. The cat visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is round. The rabbit is young. The rabbit does not like the cat. The rabbit visits the cat. If someone eats the cat and they are not nice then the cat does not eat the rabbit. If the cat is cold then the cat eats the rabbit. All nice people are young. If someone is green then they do not like the cat. If someone likes the cat then the cat visits the rabbit. If someone eats the rabbit and the rabbit does not eat the cat then the rabbit visits the cat. If someone likes the rabbit and they do not like the cat then the rabbit visits the cat. If someone likes the cat and the cat does not visit the rabbit then the cat likes the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The cat is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the rabbit. The cat is cold. The cat is green. The cat is nice. The cat is round. The cat is young. The cat likes the rabbit. The cat visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is round. The rabbit is young. The rabbit does not like the cat. The rabbit visits the cat. If someone eats the cat and they are not nice then the cat does not eat the rabbit. If the cat is cold then the cat eats the rabbit. All nice people are young. If someone is green then they do not like the cat. If someone likes the cat then the cat visits the rabbit. If someone eats the rabbit and the rabbit does not eat the cat then the rabbit visits the cat. If someone likes the rabbit and they do not like the cat then the rabbit visits the cat. If someone likes the cat and the cat does not visit the rabbit then the cat likes the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The cat is green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-537", + "question": "The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle likes the dog. The bald eagle visits the dog. The bald eagle visits the rabbit. The dog visits the bald eagle. The mouse is green. The mouse is round. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The rabbit likes the mouse. If the mouse visits the rabbit and the mouse visits the dog then the mouse eats the rabbit. If something is rough then it is big. If something likes the mouse and the mouse likes the rabbit then it likes the rabbit. If something likes the dog then it visits the dog. If something visits the mouse then it is round. If something is green then it is rough. If something is rough then it is green. If something is big and green then it likes the dog.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not visit the dog.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle likes the dog. The bald eagle visits the dog. The bald eagle visits the rabbit. The dog visits the bald eagle. The mouse is green. The mouse is round. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The rabbit likes the mouse. If the mouse visits the rabbit and the mouse visits the dog then the mouse eats the rabbit. If something is rough then it is big. If something likes the mouse and the mouse likes the rabbit then it likes the rabbit. If something likes the dog then it visits the dog. If something visits the mouse then it is round. If something is green then it is rough. If something is rough then it is green. If something is big and green then it likes the dog.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not visit the dog." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-1218", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is blue. Anne is quiet. Anne is red. Anne is rough. Anne is round. Anne is young. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Dave is young. Fiona is round. Gary is big. Gary is not round. Round things are big. If Dave is young and Dave is red then Dave is rough. All blue, big things are young. If something is young and not big then it is blue. All round things are blue. Young things are rough. All rough, big things are red. Young, red things are quiet. If something is red and not rough then it is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is blue. Anne is quiet. Anne is red. Anne is rough. Anne is round. Anne is young. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Dave is young. Fiona is round. Gary is big. Gary is not round. Round things are big. If Dave is young and Dave is red then Dave is rough. All blue, big things are young. If something is young and not big then it is blue. All round things are blue. Young things are rough. All rough, big things are red. Young, red things are quiet. If something is red and not rough then it is quiet.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-740", + "question": "The bald eagle visits the bear. The bear likes the bald eagle. The dog is not green. The tiger is not nice. If the tiger likes the dog then the dog does not visit the tiger. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle is red then the bald eagle does not like the bear. If someone visits the bear and the bear is red then the bear does not chase the tiger. If someone visits the bear then they like the bear. If someone likes the bear then they chase the bald eagle. If someone is red then they visit the tiger. If the bear chases the tiger and the bear is not green then the tiger visits the bald eagle. If someone visits the bear and they do not visit the dog then the dog chases the bear.\n\nQuestion: The tiger is nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle visits the bear. The bear likes the bald eagle. The dog is not green. The tiger is not nice. If the tiger likes the dog then the dog does not visit the tiger. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle is red then the bald eagle does not like the bear. If someone visits the bear and the bear is red then the bear does not chase the tiger. If someone visits the bear then they like the bear. If someone likes the bear then they chase the bald eagle. If someone is red then they visit the tiger. If the bear chases the tiger and the bear is not green then the tiger visits the bald eagle. If someone visits the bear and they do not visit the dog then the dog chases the bear.", + "original_question": "The tiger is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-417", + "question": "The young person who is always feeling cold is named Bob. No one knows Eric like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Gary is a kind person and he is also often cold. Young people who are cold to others and green with envy are actually nice. Young people that are turning blue from being cold will be rough looking. Interesting that all round people are cold. People who are round and red tend to be rough. People who are round and green while being cold are also red. A nice and green man or woman is also red in color.\n\nQuestion: Eric is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The young person who is always feeling cold is named Bob. No one knows Eric like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Gary is a kind person and he is also often cold. Young people who are cold to others and green with envy are actually nice. Young people that are turning blue from being cold will be rough looking. Interesting that all round people are cold. People who are round and red tend to be rough. People who are round and green while being cold are also red. A nice and green man or woman is also red in color.", + "original_question": "Eric is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-145", + "question": "The cow is red. The dog sees the cow. The mouse sees the cow. The tiger does not chase the cow. If something sees the mouse and the mouse needs the tiger then the mouse sees the cow. Rough, green things are red.\n\nQuestion: The cow is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow is red. The dog sees the cow. The mouse sees the cow. The tiger does not chase the cow. If something sees the mouse and the mouse needs the tiger then the mouse sees the cow. Rough, green things are red.", + "original_question": "The cow is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-1357", + "question": "Bob is cold. Bob is green. Bob is red. Bob is round. Fiona is green. Fiona is smart. Gary is green. Gary is red. Harry is green. Harry is smart. All smart people are cold. If someone is red then they are rough. All nice, red people are green. All red, rough people are round. If someone is rough and round then they are smart. If Gary is smart and Gary is cold then Gary is nice. Green, smart people are red.\n\nQuestion: Gary is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Bob is green. Bob is red. Bob is round. Fiona is green. Fiona is smart. Gary is green. Gary is red. Harry is green. Harry is smart. All smart people are cold. If someone is red then they are rough. All nice, red people are green. All red, rough people are round. If someone is rough and round then they are smart. If Gary is smart and Gary is cold then Gary is nice. Green, smart people are red.", + "original_question": "Gary is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1519", + "question": "Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Charlie is green. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Red things are big. If Bob is red then Bob is white. Young, red things are white. All white things are green. If Bob is green then Bob is red. All smart things are green.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Charlie is green. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Red things are big. If Bob is red then Bob is white. Young, red things are white. All white things are green. If Bob is green then Bob is red. All smart things are green.", + "original_question": "Bob is not white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-204", + "question": "The dog is big. If the dog is young then the dog is blue. Big things are kind. All kind things are young.\n\nQuestion: The dog is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The dog is big. If the dog is young then the dog is blue. Big things are kind. All kind things are young.", + "original_question": "The dog is not big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-25", + "question": "The bear needs the cat. The bear needs the lion. The cat likes the lion. The cat needs the lion. The cat visits the dog. The dog is rough. The dog needs the bear. The lion is not nice. The lion likes the cat. The lion likes the dog. The lion does not need the bear. The lion does not visit the bear. If the cat is rough and the cat visits the lion then the cat is not blue. If something is kind then it needs the cat. If something is blue then it visits the dog. If something visits the cat then it is kind. If something is rough then it is nice. If the bear visits the lion and the lion does not like the bear then the bear needs the dog. If something visits the dog then it visits the cat. If something likes the lion then the lion is blue. If the lion likes the dog and the lion does not need the dog then the lion needs the cat.\n\nQuestion: The lion is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "The bear needs the cat. The bear needs the lion. The cat likes the lion. The cat needs the lion. The cat visits the dog. The dog is rough. The dog needs the bear. The lion is not nice. The lion likes the cat. The lion likes the dog. The lion does not need the bear. The lion does not visit the bear. If the cat is rough and the cat visits the lion then the cat is not blue. If something is kind then it needs the cat. If something is blue then it visits the dog. If something visits the cat then it is kind. If something is rough then it is nice. If the bear visits the lion and the lion does not like the bear then the bear needs the dog. If something visits the dog then it visits the cat. If something likes the lion then the lion is blue. If the lion likes the dog and the lion does not need the dog then the lion needs the cat.", + "original_question": "The lion is kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-279", + "question": "The bear is big. The bear is green. The bear is nice. Nice things are red. If the bear is nice and the bear is red then the bear is cold.\n\nQuestion: The bear is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is big. The bear is green. The bear is nice. Nice things are red. If the bear is nice and the bear is red then the bear is cold.", + "original_question": "The bear is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-6811", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is furry. Bob is green. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Charlie is big. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is kind. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Gary is furry. Gary is smart. All round things are green.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is furry. Bob is green. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Charlie is big. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is kind. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Gary is furry. Gary is smart. All round things are green.", + "original_question": "Dave is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-1450", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Dave is rough. Nice things are furry. If something is blue then it is furry. If Dave is rough and Dave is blue then Dave is red. If something is rough then it is red. If something is blue then it is not round. If Anne is blue then Anne is furry. Furry things are rough. If Dave is nice and Dave is not red then Dave is not white.\n\nQuestion: Anne is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Dave is rough. Nice things are furry. If something is blue then it is furry. If Dave is rough and Dave is blue then Dave is red. If something is rough then it is red. If something is blue then it is not round. If Anne is blue then Anne is furry. Furry things are rough. If Dave is nice and Dave is not red then Dave is not white.", + "original_question": "Anne is furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-292", + "question": "The lion is young. The lion does not like the mouse. The lion likes the rabbit. The lion visits the mouse. The mouse does not eat the rabbit. The mouse is blue. The mouse is green. The mouse visits the lion. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the lion. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is not nice. The rabbit visits the lion. The rabbit does not visit the mouse. If someone likes the rabbit and the rabbit visits the mouse then they are not green. If someone visits the mouse then the mouse visits the rabbit. If someone is cold then they like the mouse. If someone eats the mouse then the mouse likes the lion. If someone is nice then they like the lion. If someone likes the rabbit and the rabbit eats the lion then the rabbit is green.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit does not like the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The lion is young. The lion does not like the mouse. The lion likes the rabbit. The lion visits the mouse. The mouse does not eat the rabbit. The mouse is blue. The mouse is green. The mouse visits the lion. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the lion. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit is green. The rabbit is not nice. The rabbit visits the lion. The rabbit does not visit the mouse. If someone likes the rabbit and the rabbit visits the mouse then they are not green. If someone visits the mouse then the mouse visits the rabbit. If someone is cold then they like the mouse. If someone eats the mouse then the mouse likes the lion. If someone is nice then they like the lion. If someone likes the rabbit and the rabbit eats the lion then the rabbit is green.", + "original_question": "The rabbit does not like the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-343", + "question": "That guy Alan sure is nice. Bob may be round, but he is also kind. The kind, young, blue one is Fred. He's nice and round. Gary may be young but he is nice, wears green shoes and is cold. A kind person who is down in the dumps and blue tends to have a rough side. People who are young are also blue. A kind person will certainly be young. Nice people who are also red are going to be cold too. Green folks who are nice and rough are a round shape.\n\nQuestion: Gary is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "That guy Alan sure is nice. Bob may be round, but he is also kind. The kind, young, blue one is Fred. He's nice and round. Gary may be young but he is nice, wears green shoes and is cold. A kind person who is down in the dumps and blue tends to have a rough side. People who are young are also blue. A kind person will certainly be young. Nice people who are also red are going to be cold too. Green folks who are nice and rough are a round shape.", + "original_question": "Gary is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-712", + "question": "Bob is not big. Erin is rough. Gary is big. Gary is not furry. Gary is not young. Harry is quiet. Harry is young. All young, nice people are not big. If someone is smart then they are furry. If someone is furry and smart then they are rough. All big, smart people are nice. All rough, nice people are young. If someone is young then they are smart.\n\nQuestion: Harry is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is not big. Erin is rough. Gary is big. Gary is not furry. Gary is not young. Harry is quiet. Harry is young. All young, nice people are not big. If someone is smart then they are furry. If someone is furry and smart then they are rough. All big, smart people are nice. All rough, nice people are young. If someone is young then they are smart.", + "original_question": "Harry is smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1410", + "question": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is round. If Charlie is rough then Charlie is young. All cold, round things are white. If something is white and green then it is red.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is round. If Charlie is rough then Charlie is young. All cold, round things are white. If something is white and green then it is red.", + "original_question": "Charlie is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-884", + "question": "Anne is big. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Harry is big. Harry is cold. Harry is furry. Harry is white. Rough things are white. Furry, blue things are rough. All rough, white things are round. White, cold things are rough. All big things are rough. If Erin is white and Erin is rough then Erin is big. If something is furry and blue then it is round. If something is white and big then it is furry.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Harry is big. Harry is cold. Harry is furry. Harry is white. Rough things are white. Furry, blue things are rough. All rough, white things are round. White, cold things are rough. All big things are rough. If Erin is white and Erin is rough then Erin is big. If something is furry and blue then it is round. If something is white and big then it is furry.", + "original_question": "Harry is not white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-896", + "question": "Erin is red. Fiona is quiet. Harry is red. If Erin is big then Erin is red. Furry, smart people are big. If someone is quiet then they are furry.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Erin is red. Fiona is quiet. Harry is red. If Erin is big then Erin is red. Furry, smart people are big. If someone is quiet then they are furry.", + "original_question": "Fiona is furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-2460", + "question": "Bob is kind. Bob is not nice. Bob is quiet. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is white. Gary is nice. Gary is quiet. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is white. If something is kind and not nice then it is white. If something is kind then it is round. All kind, rough things are round. If something is red then it is kind. If Gary is rough and Gary is red then Gary is quiet. If Gary is nice and Gary is red then Gary is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Gary is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Bob is not nice. Bob is quiet. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is white. Gary is nice. Gary is quiet. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is white. If something is kind and not nice then it is white. If something is kind then it is round. All kind, rough things are round. If something is red then it is kind. If Gary is rough and Gary is red then Gary is quiet. If Gary is nice and Gary is red then Gary is quiet.", + "original_question": "Gary is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-454", + "question": "Bob is not green. Erin is furry. Erin is green. Erin is smart. Gary is not rough. Harry is green. Harry is not young. If something is green then it is smart. If something is quiet and not smart then it is rough.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is not green. Erin is furry. Erin is green. Erin is smart. Gary is not rough. Harry is green. Harry is not young. If something is green then it is smart. If something is quiet and not smart then it is rough.", + "original_question": "Harry is not green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-1695", + "question": "The mouse is round. If something is round and young then it is kind. Round things are young. If something is red and kind then it is round. All red things are kind. If something is red and round then it is young. If the mouse is round and the mouse is young then the mouse is red.\n\nQuestion: The mouse is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The mouse is round. If something is round and young then it is kind. Round things are young. If something is red and kind then it is round. All red things are kind. If something is red and round then it is young. If the mouse is round and the mouse is young then the mouse is red.", + "original_question": "The mouse is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-201", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Anne is quiet. Anne is rough. Anne is smart. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Harry is quiet. If something is blue then it is quiet. Big things are quiet. If something is rough and blue then it is big. If something is quiet and blue then it is big. Nice, big things are blue. All blue things are quiet. If something is cold then it is rough. Rough, big things are smart.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Anne is quiet. Anne is rough. Anne is smart. Charlie is blue. Charlie is quiet. Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Harry is quiet. If something is blue then it is quiet. Big things are quiet. If something is rough and blue then it is big. If something is quiet and blue then it is big. Nice, big things are blue. All blue things are quiet. If something is cold then it is rough. Rough, big things are smart.", + "original_question": "Dave is not big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-221", + "question": "The lion chases the mouse. The mouse needs the tiger. The tiger likes the mouse. If someone needs the mouse and the mouse needs the lion then they are big. If the mouse needs the tiger then the tiger is kind. If someone likes the mouse and the mouse needs the lion then the lion likes the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not chase the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion chases the mouse. The mouse needs the tiger. The tiger likes the mouse. If someone needs the mouse and the mouse needs the lion then they are big. If the mouse needs the tiger then the tiger is kind. If someone likes the mouse and the mouse needs the lion then the lion likes the tiger.", + "original_question": "The lion does not chase the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-819", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the cat. The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle chases the mouse. The bald eagle is blue. The bald eagle sees the cat. The cat needs the bald eagle. The cow chases the cat. The cow is not young. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse does not chase the cow. The mouse does not need the cow. The mouse sees the cat. If something is kind then it sees the mouse. Blue things are cold. If something sees the mouse then it is blue. If something chases the mouse and it sees the cat then the cat does not see the cow. If something is nice and it needs the mouse then it chases the cow. If something sees the cat then the cat is kind. If something chases the cow and it needs the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the cow. If the bald eagle is cold then the bald eagle does not see the cow. If the cat is cold and the cat needs the bald eagle then the cat needs the cow.\n\nQuestion: The cat needs the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the cat. The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle chases the mouse. The bald eagle is blue. The bald eagle sees the cat. The cat needs the bald eagle. The cow chases the cat. The cow is not young. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse does not chase the cow. The mouse does not need the cow. The mouse sees the cat. If something is kind then it sees the mouse. Blue things are cold. If something sees the mouse then it is blue. If something chases the mouse and it sees the cat then the cat does not see the cow. If something is nice and it needs the mouse then it chases the cow. If something sees the cat then the cat is kind. If something chases the cow and it needs the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the cow. If the bald eagle is cold then the bald eagle does not see the cow. If the cat is cold and the cat needs the bald eagle then the cat needs the cow.", + "original_question": "The cat needs the cow." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1503", + "question": "The bear eats the cow. The bear is cold. The bear is kind. The bear visits the dog. The cat eats the cow. The cat is big. The cat sees the cow. The cat sees the dog. The cat visits the bear. The cow eats the cat. The cow is big. The cow is cold. The cow sees the bear. The cow visits the cat. The dog is round. The dog visits the cat. If the cat visits the bear then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cow sees the cat. If the cow visits the cat and the cow sees the cat then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cat is round. If someone is nice then they visit the dog. If someone is round then they visit the cow. If someone eats the dog and they see the cat then the dog eats the cat. If someone sees the cat and the cat visits the cow then the cat sees the dog.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not visit the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bear eats the cow. The bear is cold. The bear is kind. The bear visits the dog. The cat eats the cow. The cat is big. The cat sees the cow. The cat sees the dog. The cat visits the bear. The cow eats the cat. The cow is big. The cow is cold. The cow sees the bear. The cow visits the cat. The dog is round. The dog visits the cat. If the cat visits the bear then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cow sees the cat. If the cow visits the cat and the cow sees the cat then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cat is round. If someone is nice then they visit the dog. If someone is round then they visit the cow. If someone eats the dog and they see the cat then the dog eats the cat. If someone sees the cat and the cat visits the cow then the cat sees the dog.", + "original_question": "The dog does not visit the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-343", + "question": "That guy Alan sure is nice. Bob may be round, but he is also kind. The kind, young, blue one is Fred. He's nice and round. Gary may be young but he is nice, wears green shoes and is cold. A kind person who is down in the dumps and blue tends to have a rough side. People who are young are also blue. A kind person will certainly be young. Nice people who are also red are going to be cold too. Green folks who are nice and rough are a round shape.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "That guy Alan sure is nice. Bob may be round, but he is also kind. The kind, young, blue one is Fred. He's nice and round. Gary may be young but he is nice, wears green shoes and is cold. A kind person who is down in the dumps and blue tends to have a rough side. People who are young are also blue. A kind person will certainly be young. Nice people who are also red are going to be cold too. Green folks who are nice and rough are a round shape.", + "original_question": "Gary is not green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-1248", + "question": "Bob is young. Erin is rough. Harry is red. All red people are young. If someone is young then they are not rough.\n\nQuestion: Harry is rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is young. Erin is rough. Harry is red. All red people are young. If someone is young then they are not rough.", + "original_question": "Harry is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-2460", + "question": "Bob is kind. Bob is not nice. Bob is quiet. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is white. Gary is nice. Gary is quiet. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is white. If something is kind and not nice then it is white. If something is kind then it is round. All kind, rough things are round. If something is red then it is kind. If Gary is rough and Gary is red then Gary is quiet. If Gary is nice and Gary is red then Gary is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Bob is not nice. Bob is quiet. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is white. Gary is nice. Gary is quiet. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is white. If something is kind and not nice then it is white. If something is kind then it is round. All kind, rough things are round. If something is red then it is kind. If Gary is rough and Gary is red then Gary is quiet. If Gary is nice and Gary is red then Gary is quiet.", + "original_question": "Bob is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-406", + "question": "The cat eats the mouse. The cat is blue. The cat is rough. The cat sees the squirrel. The mouse is kind. The mouse is young. The mouse needs the rabbit. The mouse sees the cat. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit eats the squirrel. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit needs the cat. The rabbit sees the mouse. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is kind. If someone is young and they eat the squirrel then they need the mouse. If someone sees the cat and the cat is rough then they see the squirrel. If someone is rough and they eat the cat then they are big. Big people are young. If someone needs the mouse then they see the cat.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the mouse. The cat is blue. The cat is rough. The cat sees the squirrel. The mouse is kind. The mouse is young. The mouse needs the rabbit. The mouse sees the cat. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit eats the squirrel. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit needs the cat. The rabbit sees the mouse. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is kind. If someone is young and they eat the squirrel then they need the mouse. If someone sees the cat and the cat is rough then they see the squirrel. If someone is rough and they eat the cat then they are big. Big people are young. If someone needs the mouse then they see the cat.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is not big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-198", + "question": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Erin is round. Gary is cold. Gary is quiet. Gary is round. Gary is smart. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. Harry is round. If Gary is quiet then Gary is young. If someone is round then they are red. All quiet people are red. Round people are young. If someone is smart then they are kind. All kind people are red. If Gary is smart and Gary is kind then Gary is red. Quiet, young people are red.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Erin is round. Gary is cold. Gary is quiet. Gary is round. Gary is smart. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. Harry is round. If Gary is quiet then Gary is young. If someone is round then they are red. All quiet people are red. Round people are young. If someone is smart then they are kind. All kind people are red. If Gary is smart and Gary is kind then Gary is red. Quiet, young people are red.", + "original_question": "Gary is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1095", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is red. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Charlie is kind. Charlie is quiet. Erin is blue. If someone is green then they are nice. All big, green people are kind. If someone is red then they are green. All big people are red. If Charlie is red then Charlie is blue. All blue, nice people are kind.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is red. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Charlie is kind. Charlie is quiet. Erin is blue. If someone is green then they are nice. All big, green people are kind. If someone is red then they are green. All big people are red. If Charlie is red then Charlie is blue. All blue, nice people are kind.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-961", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the tiger. The bald eagle needs the tiger. The bald eagle sees the cow. The bald eagle sees the tiger. The cow chases the tiger. The cow is kind. The cow is red. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the tiger. The tiger chases the bald eagle. The tiger chases the cow. The tiger is blue. The tiger is kind. The tiger is red. The tiger needs the bald eagle. Young, kind people are green. If someone needs the tiger and the tiger needs the cow then the cow is young. If someone chases the tiger and they chase the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the tiger. If someone sees the tiger then the tiger needs the cow. If someone needs the bald eagle and the bald eagle chases the tiger then the bald eagle sees the cow. If someone is red and they need the tiger then they are blue.\n\nQuestion: The cow is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the tiger. The bald eagle needs the tiger. The bald eagle sees the cow. The bald eagle sees the tiger. The cow chases the tiger. The cow is kind. The cow is red. The cow sees the bald eagle. The cow sees the tiger. The tiger chases the bald eagle. The tiger chases the cow. The tiger is blue. The tiger is kind. The tiger is red. The tiger needs the bald eagle. Young, kind people are green. If someone needs the tiger and the tiger needs the cow then the cow is young. If someone chases the tiger and they chase the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the tiger. If someone sees the tiger then the tiger needs the cow. If someone needs the bald eagle and the bald eagle chases the tiger then the bald eagle sees the cow. If someone is red and they need the tiger then they are blue.", + "original_question": "The cow is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2593", + "question": "The dog is big. The dog is kind. The dog is round. All cold people are big. Round people are rough. If someone is big and round then they are cold.\n\nQuestion: The dog is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The dog is big. The dog is kind. The dog is round. All cold people are big. Round people are rough. If someone is big and round then they are cold.", + "original_question": "The dog is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-173", + "question": "Alan is a young, rough person who is rather round but is also kind to everyone he meets. Bob is cold but nice with red hair and dresses green. Charlie might be rough and red but he's actually very kind. Eric seems to be round. A person who is feeling rough, has red cheeks and feeling green will also tend to feel blue. A person with big, round, kind face appears to be rough around the edges because they are naive. Kind red people are green on the inside. Kind people with rough skin are usually red because it's wind burn. If a person is blue and red and big, then that person is cold.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Alan is a young, rough person who is rather round but is also kind to everyone he meets. Bob is cold but nice with red hair and dresses green. Charlie might be rough and red but he's actually very kind. Eric seems to be round. A person who is feeling rough, has red cheeks and feeling green will also tend to feel blue. A person with big, round, kind face appears to be rough around the edges because they are naive. Kind red people are green on the inside. Kind people with rough skin are usually red because it's wind burn. If a person is blue and red and big, then that person is cold.", + "original_question": "Charlie is green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1897", + "question": "Anne is nice. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is young. Charlie is red. Harry is round. Harry is white. If Harry is nice then Harry is big. All young, white people are round. Red people are nice. If Charlie is nice and Charlie is round then Charlie is red. Rough, red people are big. All big people are white.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is young. Charlie is red. Harry is round. Harry is white. If Harry is nice then Harry is big. All young, white people are round. Red people are nice. If Charlie is nice and Charlie is round then Charlie is red. Rough, red people are big. All big people are white.", + "original_question": "Bob is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2930", + "question": "The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The squirrel is blue. If something likes the bald eagle then it is blue. If something likes the bald eagle and it sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle is blue. If something chases the rabbit then the rabbit is young.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The squirrel is blue. If something likes the bald eagle then it is blue. If something likes the bald eagle and it sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle is blue. If something chases the rabbit then the rabbit is young.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-928", + "question": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Fiona is rough. Harry is kind. Harry is rough. Red things are nice. All nice things are cold. Furry things are kind. If something is cold and rough then it is white. If Fiona is furry then Fiona is kind. Rough, kind things are furry. White things are kind.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Fiona is rough. Harry is kind. Harry is rough. Red things are nice. All nice things are cold. Furry things are kind. If something is cold and rough then it is white. If Fiona is furry then Fiona is kind. Rough, kind things are furry. White things are kind.", + "original_question": "Dave is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-5230", + "question": "The cat is big. The cat is blue. The cat is green. The cat is not kind. The cat is red. Red, blue things are big. All blue things are big. All big things are blue. All blue things are red. If the cat is green and the cat is kind then the cat is big. All green things are not kind.\n\nQuestion: The cat is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat is big. The cat is blue. The cat is green. The cat is not kind. The cat is red. Red, blue things are big. All blue things are big. All big things are blue. All blue things are red. If the cat is green and the cat is kind then the cat is big. All green things are not kind.", + "original_question": "The cat is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-398", + "question": "No one knows Alan like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Eric may be round, but he is also kind. Fred has a round shape and is known to be cold and rough around the edges; however, he can also be kind. That guy Harry sure is nice. People who have green body paint and act kind to others are quite young. Young, red people are usually quite blue too. Rough and big people are always also cold people. You must be aware of big, red, young people being rough. Big people with rough, green skin are cold because of it. A kind person will certainly be young. A person who is rough and young while being kind tends to be red.\n\nQuestion: Fred is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "No one knows Alan like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Eric may be round, but he is also kind. Fred has a round shape and is known to be cold and rough around the edges; however, he can also be kind. That guy Harry sure is nice. People who have green body paint and act kind to others are quite young. Young, red people are usually quite blue too. Rough and big people are always also cold people. You must be aware of big, red, young people being rough. Big people with rough, green skin are cold because of it. A kind person will certainly be young. A person who is rough and young while being kind tends to be red.", + "original_question": "Fred is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1017", + "question": "The cow eats the lion. The cow is nice. The cow is round. The cow is young. The cow needs the lion. The cow sees the lion. The lion is nice. The lion is rough. The lion needs the cow. The lion sees the cow. If something eats the lion and the lion is kind then it sees the lion. If something eats the cow then it eats the lion. If something sees the cow and the cow sees the lion then it is kind. If the lion is rough then the lion eats the cow. If something is young and kind then it eats the cow. If something is kind then it sees the cow.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not eat the lion.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The cow eats the lion. The cow is nice. The cow is round. The cow is young. The cow needs the lion. The cow sees the lion. The lion is nice. The lion is rough. The lion needs the cow. The lion sees the cow. If something eats the lion and the lion is kind then it sees the lion. If something eats the cow then it eats the lion. If something sees the cow and the cow sees the lion then it is kind. If the lion is rough then the lion eats the cow. If something is young and kind then it eats the cow. If something is kind then it sees the cow.", + "original_question": "The lion does not eat the lion." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-521", + "question": "The dog eats the lion. The dog is blue. The dog is green. The dog is round. The dog likes the lion. The dog needs the lion. The lion does not eat the dog. The lion is big. The lion is green. The lion does not need the dog. If someone is round and green then they eat the dog. If someone likes the lion then they are green. If someone needs the lion and they eat the dog then the dog eats the lion. If someone eats the dog then the dog is red. If someone likes the dog then they are not red. If someone is red and they do not eat the lion then they are blue.\n\nQuestion: The lion is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The dog eats the lion. The dog is blue. The dog is green. The dog is round. The dog likes the lion. The dog needs the lion. The lion does not eat the dog. The lion is big. The lion is green. The lion does not need the dog. If someone is round and green then they eat the dog. If someone likes the lion then they are green. If someone needs the lion and they eat the dog then the dog eats the lion. If someone eats the dog then the dog is red. If someone likes the dog then they are not red. If someone is red and they do not eat the lion then they are blue.", + "original_question": "The lion is big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-53", + "question": "Alan is a kind person and he is also often cold. After Dave got wet in the rain, he feels cold. He also looks green but big. Fred was proud of being round, yet rough. His red cheeks glowed. Gary is green and cold too. A very big person who is green but also red is a rough person. If you pass someone who is red and round and kind, you'll notice they act in a cold manner. Anyone having rough, cold and green qualities will also have a big quality. Count on anyone you meet who is big, round, and red also being kind. People that are rough and red in the face, are usually big in size. When you meet and big and nice man, they will be kind to the earth and live green lifestyle. A young aged and big blue person will definitely be cold.\n\nQuestion: Fred is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Alan is a kind person and he is also often cold. After Dave got wet in the rain, he feels cold. He also looks green but big. Fred was proud of being round, yet rough. His red cheeks glowed. Gary is green and cold too. A very big person who is green but also red is a rough person. If you pass someone who is red and round and kind, you'll notice they act in a cold manner. Anyone having rough, cold and green qualities will also have a big quality. Count on anyone you meet who is big, round, and red also being kind. People that are rough and red in the face, are usually big in size. When you meet and big and nice man, they will be kind to the earth and live green lifestyle. A young aged and big blue person will definitely be cold.", + "original_question": "Fred is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-1250", + "question": "Fiona is big. Fiona is blue. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Harry is blue. Harry is kind. Harry is quiet. If something is kind then it is round.\n\nQuestion: Harry is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Fiona is big. Fiona is blue. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Harry is blue. Harry is kind. Harry is quiet. If something is kind then it is round.", + "original_question": "Harry is blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-2519", + "question": "The cat eats the dog. The cat is not green. The cat is young. The cow chases the cat. The cow chases the dog. The cow eats the dog. The cow is green. The cow is nice. The dog chases the cat. The dog eats the cat. The dog eats the cow. The dog is green. If something chases the cow then the cow is not big. If the cat is nice and the cat needs the cow then the cow does not chase the cat. If something is green and it chases the cat then it eats the cat. If the cat does not chase the dog and the cat does not need the cow then the dog is big. If something needs the cow then the cow does not chase the dog. If something needs the cow then the cow is green. If something eats the cow and it is not big then the cow is nice. If something is green and it does not chase the cat then it needs the dog.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not eat the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the dog. The cat is not green. The cat is young. The cow chases the cat. The cow chases the dog. The cow eats the dog. The cow is green. The cow is nice. The dog chases the cat. The dog eats the cat. The dog eats the cow. The dog is green. If something chases the cow then the cow is not big. If the cat is nice and the cat needs the cow then the cow does not chase the cat. If something is green and it chases the cat then it eats the cat. If the cat does not chase the dog and the cat does not need the cow then the dog is big. If something needs the cow then the cow does not chase the dog. If something needs the cow then the cow is green. If something eats the cow and it is not big then the cow is nice. If something is green and it does not chase the cat then it needs the dog.", + "original_question": "The cow does not eat the cat." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-3177", + "question": "The dog is blue. The dog is green. The dog is rough. If the dog is green and the dog is red then the dog is rough. Green things are blue. All red things are green.\n\nQuestion: The dog is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The dog is blue. The dog is green. The dog is rough. If the dog is green and the dog is red then the dog is rough. Green things are blue. All red things are green.", + "original_question": "The dog is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-349", + "question": "Bob may be round, but he is also kind. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Charlie. Dave is a round and rough around the edges, and he is also big. Gary is nice and kind even though people make fun of his red and green skin. Gary always feels cold. A kind person who is down in the dumps and blue tends to have a rough side. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. A red hued and rough looking person is definitely a young person. Anyone who is both red and green must be as cold as Christmas. Watch out for young people that are kind for they are rough. Nice and green people are often found to be big as well. A person who inherits genes that make them big and green will also express a blue color.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "Bob may be round, but he is also kind. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Charlie. Dave is a round and rough around the edges, and he is also big. Gary is nice and kind even though people make fun of his red and green skin. Gary always feels cold. A kind person who is down in the dumps and blue tends to have a rough side. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. A red hued and rough looking person is definitely a young person. Anyone who is both red and green must be as cold as Christmas. Watch out for young people that are kind for they are rough. Nice and green people are often found to be big as well. A person who inherits genes that make them big and green will also express a blue color.", + "original_question": "Gary is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-1161", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the bear. The bald eagle eats the dog. The bald eagle is rough. The bear is blue. The bear is rough. The bear needs the bald eagle. The bear visits the mouse. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog eats the bear. The dog needs the bear. The dog needs the mouse. The dog visits the bear. The mouse is round. The mouse visits the bald eagle. The mouse visits the bear. If someone visits the bear then the bear eats the mouse. If the mouse is round and the mouse visits the bear then the mouse visits the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bear does not eat the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the bear. The bald eagle eats the dog. The bald eagle is rough. The bear is blue. The bear is rough. The bear needs the bald eagle. The bear visits the mouse. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog eats the bear. The dog needs the bear. The dog needs the mouse. The dog visits the bear. The mouse is round. The mouse visits the bald eagle. The mouse visits the bear. If someone visits the bear then the bear eats the mouse. If the mouse is round and the mouse visits the bear then the mouse visits the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bear does not eat the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-484", + "question": "Bob is rough. Dave is rough. Gary is white. Harry is blue. Green things are kind. If something is kind then it is white. All big things are green. If something is white then it is big. If something is big then it is young. If something is rough and green then it is big. If Bob is rough and Bob is white then Bob is kind. Big, blue things are green.\n\nQuestion: Gary is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is rough. Dave is rough. Gary is white. Harry is blue. Green things are kind. If something is kind then it is white. All big things are green. If something is white then it is big. If something is big then it is young. If something is rough and green then it is big. If Bob is rough and Bob is white then Bob is kind. Big, blue things are green.", + "original_question": "Gary is big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-1131", + "question": "The lion chases the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse is kind. The mouse is round. The mouse needs the lion. If something chases the mouse and it visits the mouse then the mouse visits the lion. If something is blue then it needs the lion. If something needs the lion and it is green then it is round.\n\nQuestion: The mouse is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion chases the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse is kind. The mouse is round. The mouse needs the lion. If something chases the mouse and it visits the mouse then the mouse visits the lion. If something is blue then it needs the lion. If something needs the lion and it is green then it is round.", + "original_question": "The mouse is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-93", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is not cold. Anne is smart. Erin is not blue. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is not red. Erin is smart. Erin is young. Gary is furry. Gary is round. Gary is young. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is not red. Harry is not round. If Gary is red and Gary is cold then Gary is blue. If Erin is cold and Erin is blue then Erin is red. If Anne is round then Anne is not furry. If Harry is not young then Harry is not round. If someone is cold then they are smart. If Anne is smart and Anne is blue then Anne is not young. If Harry is blue and Harry is round then Harry is cold. If Harry is blue and Harry is not round then Harry is cold.\n\nQuestion: Harry is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is not cold. Anne is smart. Erin is not blue. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is not red. Erin is smart. Erin is young. Gary is furry. Gary is round. Gary is young. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is not red. Harry is not round. If Gary is red and Gary is cold then Gary is blue. If Erin is cold and Erin is blue then Erin is red. If Anne is round then Anne is not furry. If Harry is not young then Harry is not round. If someone is cold then they are smart. If Anne is smart and Anne is blue then Anne is not young. If Harry is blue and Harry is round then Harry is cold. If Harry is blue and Harry is not round then Harry is cold.", + "original_question": "Harry is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-1192", + "question": "Charlie is not white. Dave is furry. Dave is white. Dave is young. Fiona is smart. Harry is furry. Harry is smart. If someone is round then they are young. All smart people are round. Furry, green people are white. If someone is nice and white then they are furry. All young people are furry. If someone is furry and young then they are nice. If someone is nice and not young then they are green. Nice people are green.\n\nQuestion: Harry is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is not white. Dave is furry. Dave is white. Dave is young. Fiona is smart. Harry is furry. Harry is smart. If someone is round then they are young. All smart people are round. Furry, green people are white. If someone is nice and white then they are furry. All young people are furry. If someone is furry and young then they are nice. If someone is nice and not young then they are green. Nice people are green.", + "original_question": "Harry is smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-2312", + "question": "Bob is not big. Bob is not blue. Bob is cold. Bob is young. Dave is furry. Dave is young. Erin is big. Fiona is furry. Fiona is round. Fiona is young. If something is furry and young then it is kind. All big things are blue.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is not big. Bob is not blue. Bob is cold. Bob is young. Dave is furry. Dave is young. Erin is big. Fiona is furry. Fiona is round. Fiona is young. If something is furry and young then it is kind. All big things are blue.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-1227", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is round. Bob is blue. Bob is round. Charlie is blue. Charlie is nice. Gary is cold. If something is big and green then it is not round. Blue, nice things are round. If Bob is furry then Bob is green. All cold, blue things are furry. Nice things are big. All round, cold things are not green. Green, cold things are not nice. If something is cold then it is nice. Big things are blue.\n\nQuestion: Anne is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is round. Bob is blue. Bob is round. Charlie is blue. Charlie is nice. Gary is cold. If something is big and green then it is not round. Blue, nice things are round. If Bob is furry then Bob is green. All cold, blue things are furry. Nice things are big. All round, cold things are not green. Green, cold things are not nice. If something is cold then it is nice. Big things are blue.", + "original_question": "Anne is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-33", + "question": "Anne is red. Dave is rough. Erin is red. Big things are round. All rough things are big. Round, rough things are red.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is red. Dave is rough. Erin is red. Big things are round. All rough things are big. Round, rough things are red.", + "original_question": "Dave is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-4356", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Erin is big. Erin is cold. Erin is not green. Erin is smart. Erin is white. Smart people are cold. All young people are cold. If someone is cold and not smart then they are white. Green, smart people are not big. If someone is smart then they are big. Smart, green people are big. If someone is young and not cold then they are not round. If someone is green then they are round.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Erin is big. Erin is cold. Erin is not green. Erin is smart. Erin is white. Smart people are cold. All young people are cold. If someone is cold and not smart then they are white. Green, smart people are not big. If someone is smart then they are big. Smart, green people are big. If someone is young and not cold then they are not round. If someone is green then they are round.", + "original_question": "Bob is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-3994", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is young. Bob is cold. Bob is not young. Gary is big. Gary is cold. Gary is kind. Gary is not young. Harry is not round. Harry is young. If someone is round then they are not cold. Kind, nice people are not big. If someone is big and not cold then they are nice.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is young. Bob is cold. Bob is not young. Gary is big. Gary is cold. Gary is kind. Gary is not young. Harry is not round. Harry is young. If someone is round then they are not cold. Kind, nice people are not big. If someone is big and not cold then they are nice.", + "original_question": "Gary is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-190", + "question": "The cat is not big. The cat is cold. The cat is nice. The cat is red. The cat is not round. The cat likes the lion. The cat needs the lion. The cat sees the lion. The lion is big. The lion is cold. The lion is nice. The lion is red. The lion is not round. The lion likes the cat. The lion needs the cat. The lion sees the cat. If the cat needs the lion and the cat does not see the lion then the cat is nice. If someone sees the lion and the lion is red then they see the cat. If someone needs the cat and the cat is not nice then they do not like the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cat sees the cat.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat is not big. The cat is cold. The cat is nice. The cat is red. The cat is not round. The cat likes the lion. The cat needs the lion. The cat sees the lion. The lion is big. The lion is cold. The lion is nice. The lion is red. The lion is not round. The lion likes the cat. The lion needs the cat. The lion sees the cat. If the cat needs the lion and the cat does not see the lion then the cat is nice. If someone sees the lion and the lion is red then they see the cat. If someone needs the cat and the cat is not nice then they do not like the cat.", + "original_question": "The cat sees the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-560", + "question": "Anne is young. Dave is young. Erin is white. All green things are not cold. If Anne is nice and Anne is cold then Anne is not young. If something is white then it is green. White, blue things are nice. If Anne is nice then Anne is green. If something is young then it is not blue. Green things are blue. If something is young and not green then it is not smart.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is young. Dave is young. Erin is white. All green things are not cold. If Anne is nice and Anne is cold then Anne is not young. If something is white then it is green. White, blue things are nice. If Anne is nice then Anne is green. If something is young then it is not blue. Green things are blue. If something is young and not green then it is not smart.", + "original_question": "Erin is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-5", + "question": "The cow visits the squirrel. The lion is rough. The squirrel likes the tiger. The tiger visits the cow. If something is young and it chases the lion then it likes the squirrel. If something is cold then it likes the cow. If something likes the cow then it likes the tiger. If something is rough then it chases the squirrel. If something visits the cow then it is cold. If the cow does not like the tiger then the cow chases the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The lion chases the squirrel.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow visits the squirrel. The lion is rough. The squirrel likes the tiger. The tiger visits the cow. If something is young and it chases the lion then it likes the squirrel. If something is cold then it likes the cow. If something likes the cow then it likes the tiger. If something is rough then it chases the squirrel. If something visits the cow then it is cold. If the cow does not like the tiger then the cow chases the tiger.", + "original_question": "The lion chases the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-417", + "question": "The young person who is always feeling cold is named Bob. No one knows Eric like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Gary is a kind person and he is also often cold. Young people who are cold to others and green with envy are actually nice. Young people that are turning blue from being cold will be rough looking. Interesting that all round people are cold. People who are round and red tend to be rough. People who are round and green while being cold are also red. A nice and green man or woman is also red in color.\n\nQuestion: Eric is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The young person who is always feeling cold is named Bob. No one knows Eric like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Gary is a kind person and he is also often cold. Young people who are cold to others and green with envy are actually nice. Young people that are turning blue from being cold will be rough looking. Interesting that all round people are cold. People who are round and red tend to be rough. People who are round and green while being cold are also red. A nice and green man or woman is also red in color.", + "original_question": "Eric is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-93", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is not cold. Anne is smart. Erin is not blue. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is not red. Erin is smart. Erin is young. Gary is furry. Gary is round. Gary is young. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is not red. Harry is not round. If Gary is red and Gary is cold then Gary is blue. If Erin is cold and Erin is blue then Erin is red. If Anne is round then Anne is not furry. If Harry is not young then Harry is not round. If someone is cold then they are smart. If Anne is smart and Anne is blue then Anne is not young. If Harry is blue and Harry is round then Harry is cold. If Harry is blue and Harry is not round then Harry is cold.\n\nQuestion: Anne is young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is not cold. Anne is smart. Erin is not blue. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is not red. Erin is smart. Erin is young. Gary is furry. Gary is round. Gary is young. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is not red. Harry is not round. If Gary is red and Gary is cold then Gary is blue. If Erin is cold and Erin is blue then Erin is red. If Anne is round then Anne is not furry. If Harry is not young then Harry is not round. If someone is cold then they are smart. If Anne is smart and Anne is blue then Anne is not young. If Harry is blue and Harry is round then Harry is cold. If Harry is blue and Harry is not round then Harry is cold.", + "original_question": "Anne is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-525", + "question": "The rabbit is blue. Green, round things are not blue. Blue things are green. If the rabbit is green then the rabbit is cold. If something is green and not blue then it is not cold. Round things are not red. If something is cold then it is not red. All round things are red. If the rabbit is cold then the rabbit is not red.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The rabbit is blue. Green, round things are not blue. Blue things are green. If the rabbit is green then the rabbit is cold. If something is green and not blue then it is not cold. Round things are not red. If something is cold then it is not red. All round things are red. If the rabbit is cold then the rabbit is not red.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-2637", + "question": "The bald eagle is big. The bald eagle is not young. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The bald eagle visits the dog. The bald eagle visits the tiger. The dog is not rough. The dog is young. The dog likes the lion. The lion eats the dog. The lion likes the tiger. The tiger is nice. The tiger likes the dog. If someone eats the dog then they visit the tiger. If someone is young and nice then they eat the lion. If someone visits the tiger and they do not visit the lion then the lion likes the bald eagle. If someone eats the dog then they are not rough. If someone eats the tiger and the tiger does not visit the lion then the tiger visits the dog. If someone visits the dog and they like the lion then they like the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The lion is not rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is big. The bald eagle is not young. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The bald eagle visits the dog. The bald eagle visits the tiger. The dog is not rough. The dog is young. The dog likes the lion. The lion eats the dog. The lion likes the tiger. The tiger is nice. The tiger likes the dog. If someone eats the dog then they visit the tiger. If someone is young and nice then they eat the lion. If someone visits the tiger and they do not visit the lion then the lion likes the bald eagle. If someone eats the dog then they are not rough. If someone eats the tiger and the tiger does not visit the lion then the tiger visits the dog. If someone visits the dog and they like the lion then they like the tiger.", + "original_question": "The lion is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-1822", + "question": "The cat visits the dog. The dog likes the cat. The mouse visits the squirrel. The squirrel is round. If something visits the dog then it is young. If something likes the cat and it visits the dog then the dog sees the cat. If something is young then it sees the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not visit the dog.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat visits the dog. The dog likes the cat. The mouse visits the squirrel. The squirrel is round. If something visits the dog then it is young. If something likes the cat and it visits the dog then the dog sees the cat. If something is young then it sees the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The cat does not visit the dog." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-2221", + "question": "The cat eats the squirrel. The cat is blue. The cat is rough. The cat sees the squirrel. The squirrel eats the cat. The squirrel is blue. The squirrel is not rough. The squirrel is round. The squirrel does not see the cat. The squirrel visits the cat. If someone visits the squirrel then they see the cat. If someone eats the cat and the cat visits the squirrel then the squirrel sees the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not eat the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the squirrel. The cat is blue. The cat is rough. The cat sees the squirrel. The squirrel eats the cat. The squirrel is blue. The squirrel is not rough. The squirrel is round. The squirrel does not see the cat. The squirrel visits the cat. If someone visits the squirrel then they see the cat. If someone eats the cat and the cat visits the squirrel then the squirrel sees the cat.", + "original_question": "The cat does not eat the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-699", + "question": "The cat is blue. The cat needs the lion. The lion is blue. The lion likes the rabbit. The lion needs the rabbit. The lion sees the cat. The lion sees the rabbit. The rabbit is green. The rabbit sees the cat. The rabbit sees the lion. If something sees the rabbit and the rabbit likes the cat then it needs the lion. If something needs the cat then the cat sees the lion. If something sees the rabbit and the rabbit is green then the rabbit is rough. If something likes the lion and it sees the cat then the lion is cold. All round things are cold. If something is green and rough then it needs the cat.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat is blue. The cat needs the lion. The lion is blue. The lion likes the rabbit. The lion needs the rabbit. The lion sees the cat. The lion sees the rabbit. The rabbit is green. The rabbit sees the cat. The rabbit sees the lion. If something sees the rabbit and the rabbit likes the cat then it needs the lion. If something needs the cat then the cat sees the lion. If something sees the rabbit and the rabbit is green then the rabbit is rough. If something likes the lion and it sees the cat then the lion is cold. All round things are cold. If something is green and rough then it needs the cat.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1126", + "question": "Charlie is white. Erin is furry. Harry is rough. All smart, round things are white. White things are quiet. If something is furry then it is white. If something is quiet then it is round. If something is furry and round then it is rough. Round, furry things are smart.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is white. Erin is furry. Harry is rough. All smart, round things are white. White things are quiet. If something is furry then it is white. If something is quiet then it is round. If something is furry and round then it is rough. Round, furry things are smart.", + "original_question": "Erin is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-6509", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Erin is big. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Fiona is big. Fiona is cold. Fiona is green. Fiona is nice. Fiona is round. Fiona is smart. Big, rough things are smart. If something is green and rough then it is round. All big things are nice. All smart things are round. If something is nice and round then it is cold. If something is big then it is smart.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Erin is big. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Fiona is big. Fiona is cold. Fiona is green. Fiona is nice. Fiona is round. Fiona is smart. Big, rough things are smart. If something is green and rough then it is round. All big things are nice. All smart things are round. If something is nice and round then it is cold. If something is big then it is smart.", + "original_question": "Bob is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-3994", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is young. Bob is cold. Bob is not young. Gary is big. Gary is cold. Gary is kind. Gary is not young. Harry is not round. Harry is young. If someone is round then they are not cold. Kind, nice people are not big. If someone is big and not cold then they are nice.\n\nQuestion: Gary is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is young. Bob is cold. Bob is not young. Gary is big. Gary is cold. Gary is kind. Gary is not young. Harry is not round. Harry is young. If someone is round then they are not cold. Kind, nice people are not big. If someone is big and not cold then they are nice.", + "original_question": "Gary is kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-407", + "question": "The cow eats the rabbit. The cow is not blue. The cow does not see the rabbit. The cow does not visit the rabbit. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit sees the cow. If something eats the rabbit then it is not cold. If the cow visits the rabbit and the rabbit is blue then the rabbit does not eat the cow. If something eats the rabbit then the rabbit eats the cow. If something is red then it visits the cow. If something eats the cow then it is red. If something sees the cow then the cow does not visit the rabbit. If something visits the rabbit and it sees the cow then it is not young. If something is green and not red then it sees the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit does not visit the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The cow eats the rabbit. The cow is not blue. The cow does not see the rabbit. The cow does not visit the rabbit. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit sees the cow. If something eats the rabbit then it is not cold. If the cow visits the rabbit and the rabbit is blue then the rabbit does not eat the cow. If something eats the rabbit then the rabbit eats the cow. If something is red then it visits the cow. If something eats the cow then it is red. If something sees the cow then the cow does not visit the rabbit. If something visits the rabbit and it sees the cow then it is not young. If something is green and not red then it sees the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The rabbit does not visit the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1101", + "question": "Bob is white. Erin is nice. Harry is round. Round people are nice. All kind, round people are nice. Kind people are not white. All blue people are not white. Nice, smart people are blue. Smart people are round. If someone is blue and white then they are kind. All nice people are smart.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Bob is white. Erin is nice. Harry is round. Round people are nice. All kind, round people are nice. Kind people are not white. All blue people are not white. Nice, smart people are blue. Smart people are round. If someone is blue and white then they are kind. All nice people are smart.", + "original_question": "Erin is not white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-1100", + "question": "Charlie is green. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Fiona is green. Fiona is kind. Fiona is white. Nice people are not furry.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is green. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Fiona is green. Fiona is kind. Fiona is white. Nice people are not furry.", + "original_question": "Fiona is furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-66", + "question": "The circuit includes the battery. The battery is flat. The circuit includes the switch. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The wire is plastic.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The circuit includes the battery. The battery is flat. The circuit includes the switch. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The wire is plastic." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-1224", + "question": "Fiona is cold. Fiona is nice. Fiona is white. Fiona is young. Harry is blue. Harry is cold. Harry is green. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is young. If something is nice and white then it is red. If Harry is blue and Harry is cold then Harry is green.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Fiona is cold. Fiona is nice. Fiona is white. Fiona is young. Harry is blue. Harry is cold. Harry is green. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is young. If something is nice and white then it is red. If Harry is blue and Harry is cold then Harry is green.", + "original_question": "Harry is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-1916", + "question": "Dave is not cold. Dave is green. Dave is not red. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Dave is white. Erin is blue. Erin is green. Erin is red. Erin is not round. Harry is blue. Harry is not cold. Harry is green. Harry is round. Harry is not smart. Harry is white. All smart, green things are round. If something is white and blue then it is round. White things are green. All red, green things are blue. All smart, white things are blue. If something is green and not cold then it is blue. If Harry is smart then Harry is white. If something is green and cold then it is white.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Dave is not cold. Dave is green. Dave is not red. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Dave is white. Erin is blue. Erin is green. Erin is red. Erin is not round. Harry is blue. Harry is not cold. Harry is green. Harry is round. Harry is not smart. Harry is white. All smart, green things are round. If something is white and blue then it is round. White things are green. All red, green things are blue. All smart, white things are blue. If something is green and not cold then it is blue. If Harry is smart then Harry is white. If something is green and cold then it is white.", + "original_question": "Erin is not red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1128", + "question": "The bear needs the cat. The bear needs the dog. The bear visits the dog. The cat is cold. The cat is red. The cat needs the bear. The cat sees the dog. The cat does not visit the dog. The dog is not red. The dog sees the bear. If someone sees the bear and they need the bear then they are not round. If someone visits the dog then the dog visits the cat. If someone visits the cat and the cat sees the dog then the cat sees the bear. If someone visits the dog then the dog sees the bear. If someone visits the bear and they see the cat then the bear visits the dog. If the cat does not see the dog and the cat is not big then the cat visits the dog.\n\nQuestion: The cat is round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear needs the cat. The bear needs the dog. The bear visits the dog. The cat is cold. The cat is red. The cat needs the bear. The cat sees the dog. The cat does not visit the dog. The dog is not red. The dog sees the bear. If someone sees the bear and they need the bear then they are not round. If someone visits the dog then the dog visits the cat. If someone visits the cat and the cat sees the dog then the cat sees the bear. If someone visits the dog then the dog sees the bear. If someone visits the bear and they see the cat then the bear visits the dog. If the cat does not see the dog and the cat is not big then the cat visits the dog.", + "original_question": "The cat is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-1477", + "question": "Dave is big. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Dave is red. Dave is white. Dave is young. Gary is big. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is kind. Gary is red. If Gary is white and Gary is kind then Gary is big.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Dave is big. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Dave is red. Dave is white. Dave is young. Gary is big. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is kind. Gary is red. If Gary is white and Gary is kind then Gary is big.", + "original_question": "Gary is not big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-2906", + "question": "The lion chases the rabbit. The lion is not big. The lion is cold. The lion is red. The lion likes the rabbit. The lion sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the lion. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit is not red. The rabbit likes the lion. The rabbit sees the lion. If someone chases the lion and they chase the rabbit then they see the rabbit. If someone sees the rabbit and they do not chase the lion then the lion chases the rabbit. If someone likes the lion and the lion is big then the lion chases the rabbit. If someone sees the rabbit then the rabbit is not big. If someone is cold then they like the lion. If someone likes the lion and they do not chase the rabbit then the rabbit sees the lion.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion chases the rabbit. The lion is not big. The lion is cold. The lion is red. The lion likes the rabbit. The lion sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the lion. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit is not red. The rabbit likes the lion. The rabbit sees the lion. If someone chases the lion and they chase the rabbit then they see the rabbit. If someone sees the rabbit and they do not chase the lion then the lion chases the rabbit. If someone likes the lion and the lion is big then the lion chases the rabbit. If someone sees the rabbit then the rabbit is not big. If someone is cold then they like the lion. If someone likes the lion and they do not chase the rabbit then the rabbit sees the lion.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-471", + "question": "Alan is green and cold too. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Charlie. Gary is young and green. He is round with rosy red skin which makes him blue. Harry seems to be round. If a person is described as being nice, cold and young it usually follow that they are red. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. Even though young people are rough, they are still very red. Anyone feeling cold is bound to act nice. Any person who can be red and blue at the same time is cold. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough. A cold blue person who is rough is also kind.\n\nQuestion: Gary is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Alan is green and cold too. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Charlie. Gary is young and green. He is round with rosy red skin which makes him blue. Harry seems to be round. If a person is described as being nice, cold and young it usually follow that they are red. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. Even though young people are rough, they are still very red. Anyone feeling cold is bound to act nice. Any person who can be red and blue at the same time is cold. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough. A cold blue person who is rough is also kind.", + "original_question": "Gary is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-4597", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Anne is smart. Bob is big. Bob is smart. Dave is blue. Dave is not furry. Dave is green. Dave is not quiet. Dave is not smart. Gary is big. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is smart. If Bob is blue and Bob is not smart then Bob is red. If someone is big then they are quiet. Quiet people are green. All quiet people are blue. If someone is green and furry then they are not red. If someone is big and not smart then they are red. If someone is furry and not quiet then they are red. If Dave is green and Dave is not red then Dave is blue.\n\nQuestion: Dave is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Anne is smart. Bob is big. Bob is smart. Dave is blue. Dave is not furry. Dave is green. Dave is not quiet. Dave is not smart. Gary is big. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is smart. If Bob is blue and Bob is not smart then Bob is red. If someone is big then they are quiet. Quiet people are green. All quiet people are blue. If someone is green and furry then they are not red. If someone is big and not smart then they are red. If someone is furry and not quiet then they are red. If Dave is green and Dave is not red then Dave is blue.", + "original_question": "Dave is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-888", + "question": "Dave is red. Dave is round. Erin is quiet. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Erin is young. Fiona is red. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Gary is blue. Gary is red. Gary is smart. If someone is red and round then they are rough. All smart people are round. If Erin is young then Erin is rough. Young, red people are quiet. All blue, smart people are rough. Round people are young.\n\nQuestion: Gary is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Dave is red. Dave is round. Erin is quiet. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Erin is young. Fiona is red. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Gary is blue. Gary is red. Gary is smart. If someone is red and round then they are rough. All smart people are round. If Erin is young then Erin is rough. Young, red people are quiet. All blue, smart people are rough. Round people are young.", + "original_question": "Gary is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-6157", + "question": "The cat does not need the cow. The cow is not big. The cow likes the cat. The cow does not like the mouse. The cow needs the squirrel. The cow visits the cat. The cow visits the mouse. The mouse does not need the squirrel. The mouse visits the cat. The squirrel needs the cow. All kind things are big. If something likes the squirrel and it does not need the cow then the squirrel likes the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not visit the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat does not need the cow. The cow is not big. The cow likes the cat. The cow does not like the mouse. The cow needs the squirrel. The cow visits the cat. The cow visits the mouse. The mouse does not need the squirrel. The mouse visits the cat. The squirrel needs the cow. All kind things are big. If something likes the squirrel and it does not need the cow then the squirrel likes the mouse.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not visit the cat." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-1100", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the cat. The bald eagle does not chase the cow. The bald eagle is not kind. The bald eagle does not like the cow. The cat is not blue. The cat does not like the bald eagle. The cat sees the cow. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow chases the cat. The cow is green. The cow likes the cat. The cow sees the bald eagle. If the cow sees the bald eagle then the cow likes the cat. If someone sees the cat and the cat does not like the cow then the cow is rough. If someone likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle is kind. If someone sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the cow. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the cow then the cow does not like the bald eagle. If the bald eagle likes the cat and the bald eagle does not see the cat then the bald eagle chases the cow. If someone is green and they do not chase the cow then the cow chases the cat. If someone likes the cat and they chase the cow then the cow chases the cat.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle chases the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the cat. The bald eagle does not chase the cow. The bald eagle is not kind. The bald eagle does not like the cow. The cat is not blue. The cat does not like the bald eagle. The cat sees the cow. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow chases the cat. The cow is green. The cow likes the cat. The cow sees the bald eagle. If the cow sees the bald eagle then the cow likes the cat. If someone sees the cat and the cat does not like the cow then the cow is rough. If someone likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle is kind. If someone sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the cow. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the cow then the cow does not like the bald eagle. If the bald eagle likes the cat and the bald eagle does not see the cat then the bald eagle chases the cow. If someone is green and they do not chase the cow then the cow chases the cat. If someone likes the cat and they chase the cow then the cow chases the cat.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle chases the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-943", + "question": "Anne is nice. Anne is red. Anne is young. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. All young people are nice. If someone is round and not smart then they are nice. If someone is round then they are young. If someone is furry and not rough then they are young. If Anne is not rough then Anne is young. All round, nice people are furry.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Anne is red. Anne is young. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. All young people are nice. If someone is round and not smart then they are nice. If someone is round then they are young. If someone is furry and not rough then they are young. If Anne is not rough then Anne is young. All round, nice people are furry.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-427", + "question": "Anne is furry. Anne is not green. Anne is white. Charlie is green. Charlie is rough. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is nice. Gary is round. Gary is white. Harry is nice. Harry is rough. Harry is round. If something is white then it is blue. All furry things are round. Green, rough things are round. Blue things are furry. If Charlie is furry then Charlie is nice. Rough, round things are white.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Anne is not green. Anne is white. Charlie is green. Charlie is rough. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is nice. Gary is round. Gary is white. Harry is nice. Harry is rough. Harry is round. If something is white then it is blue. All furry things are round. Green, rough things are round. Blue things are furry. If Charlie is furry then Charlie is nice. Rough, round things are white.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-767", + "question": "The cat is not round. The cow is blue. The cow is kind. The cow likes the cat. The cow sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cow. The rabbit is nice. The tiger does not chase the cow. The tiger does not like the rabbit. The tiger sees the rabbit. If something chases the cow then the cow chases the cat. If something chases the rabbit then it is not big. If something likes the cow then the cow is nice. If something is kind then it sees the rabbit. If something chases the cat then the cat likes the cow. If the rabbit chases the tiger then the rabbit does not see the cow. If something is nice and it sees the rabbit then it chases the rabbit. If something is big then it is round.\n\nQuestion: The tiger sees the rabbit.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat is not round. The cow is blue. The cow is kind. The cow likes the cat. The cow sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cow. The rabbit is nice. The tiger does not chase the cow. The tiger does not like the rabbit. The tiger sees the rabbit. If something chases the cow then the cow chases the cat. If something chases the rabbit then it is not big. If something likes the cow then the cow is nice. If something is kind then it sees the rabbit. If something chases the cat then the cat likes the cow. If the rabbit chases the tiger then the rabbit does not see the cow. If something is nice and it sees the rabbit then it chases the rabbit. If something is big then it is round.", + "original_question": "The tiger sees the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-612", + "question": "The bear chases the cow. The bear chases the tiger. The bear eats the cow. The bear is blue. The bear is green. The bear needs the cow. The bear needs the tiger. The cow chases the bear. The cow chases the tiger. The cow eats the tiger. The cow needs the bear. The cow needs the tiger. The tiger eats the bear. The tiger eats the cow. The tiger does not need the cow. If something eats the tiger and the tiger chases the bear then the bear needs the cow. If something eats the tiger and it is young then it is blue. If something eats the bear and it chases the tiger then the tiger is young. If something chases the bear and it is nice then the bear is blue. If something chases the tiger then the tiger is nice. If the bear is green then the bear eats the cow. If the bear is not nice and the bear does not chase the cow then the bear eats the cow. If something needs the cow then the cow is young.\n\nQuestion: The cow is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the cow. The bear chases the tiger. The bear eats the cow. The bear is blue. The bear is green. The bear needs the cow. The bear needs the tiger. The cow chases the bear. The cow chases the tiger. The cow eats the tiger. The cow needs the bear. The cow needs the tiger. The tiger eats the bear. The tiger eats the cow. The tiger does not need the cow. If something eats the tiger and the tiger chases the bear then the bear needs the cow. If something eats the tiger and it is young then it is blue. If something eats the bear and it chases the tiger then the tiger is young. If something chases the bear and it is nice then the bear is blue. If something chases the tiger then the tiger is nice. If the bear is green then the bear eats the cow. If the bear is not nice and the bear does not chase the cow then the bear eats the cow. If something needs the cow then the cow is young.", + "original_question": "The cow is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1665", + "question": "Harry is green. If someone is big then they are kind. All green people are kind. If someone is kind and not rough then they are blue. All green people are nice. If someone is furry and green then they are not big. If Harry is kind then Harry is furry. Kind, rough people are furry. If Harry is big and Harry is nice then Harry is green.\n\nQuestion: Harry is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Harry is green. If someone is big then they are kind. All green people are kind. If someone is kind and not rough then they are blue. All green people are nice. If someone is furry and green then they are not big. If Harry is kind then Harry is furry. Kind, rough people are furry. If Harry is big and Harry is nice then Harry is green.", + "original_question": "Harry is green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-469", + "question": "Alan is green and cold too. For being so cold, it's good Fred can remain nice. Gary seems to be round. No one knows Harry like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. If you meet someone with rough skin who is cold from being outside, you'll notice they are nice. Kind red people are green on the inside. Even though young people are rough, they are still very red. Nice people that are very green and even round shaped will be very young. Round people who are kind tend to be nice. A green person that is rough and cold is often also nice. Someone who is a young age and looks like they are round are also red.\n\nQuestion: Harry is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Alan is green and cold too. For being so cold, it's good Fred can remain nice. Gary seems to be round. No one knows Harry like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. If you meet someone with rough skin who is cold from being outside, you'll notice they are nice. Kind red people are green on the inside. Even though young people are rough, they are still very red. Nice people that are very green and even round shaped will be very young. Round people who are kind tend to be nice. A green person that is rough and cold is often also nice. Someone who is a young age and looks like they are round are also red.", + "original_question": "Harry is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-699", + "question": "The cat is blue. The cat needs the lion. The lion is blue. The lion likes the rabbit. The lion needs the rabbit. The lion sees the cat. The lion sees the rabbit. The rabbit is green. The rabbit sees the cat. The rabbit sees the lion. If something sees the rabbit and the rabbit likes the cat then it needs the lion. If something needs the cat then the cat sees the lion. If something sees the rabbit and the rabbit is green then the rabbit is rough. If something likes the lion and it sees the cat then the lion is cold. All round things are cold. If something is green and rough then it needs the cat.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat is blue. The cat needs the lion. The lion is blue. The lion likes the rabbit. The lion needs the rabbit. The lion sees the cat. The lion sees the rabbit. The rabbit is green. The rabbit sees the cat. The rabbit sees the lion. If something sees the rabbit and the rabbit likes the cat then it needs the lion. If something needs the cat then the cat sees the lion. If something sees the rabbit and the rabbit is green then the rabbit is rough. If something likes the lion and it sees the cat then the lion is cold. All round things are cold. If something is green and rough then it needs the cat.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1097", + "question": "Dave is quiet. Fiona is round. Gary is big. Blue, big people are kind. Big people are young. Quiet people are big. If Gary is big and Gary is quiet then Gary is young. Kind, young people are smart. All kind people are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is quiet. Fiona is round. Gary is big. Blue, big people are kind. Big people are young. Quiet people are big. If Gary is big and Gary is quiet then Gary is young. Kind, young people are smart. All kind people are quiet.", + "original_question": "Dave is not big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1056", + "question": "The squirrel is kind. All kind people are big. Green, big people are red. Big, kind people are green.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The squirrel is kind. All kind people are big. Green, big people are red. Big, kind people are green.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is not green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-1400", + "question": "Anne is nice. Gary is furry. If someone is kind and not young then they are nice. Nice people are kind. All kind people are not big.\n\nQuestion: Anne is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Gary is furry. If someone is kind and not young then they are nice. Nice people are kind. All kind people are not big.", + "original_question": "Anne is kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1484", + "question": "Anne is quiet. Anne is smart. Anne is young. Bob is big. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Charlie is big. Charlie is rough. Charlie is smart. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Harry is white. Harry is young. Quiet people are smart. All smart, rough people are quiet. Red, big people are quiet. Smart, quiet people are young. If someone is rough and quiet then they are big. Big people are smart.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is quiet. Anne is smart. Anne is young. Bob is big. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Charlie is big. Charlie is rough. Charlie is smart. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Harry is white. Harry is young. Quiet people are smart. All smart, rough people are quiet. Red, big people are quiet. Smart, quiet people are young. If someone is rough and quiet then they are big. Big people are smart.", + "original_question": "Bob is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-4641", + "question": "The mouse chases the rabbit. The mouse chases the squirrel. The mouse is blue. The mouse does not like the squirrel. The mouse visits the rabbit. The mouse visits the squirrel. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit chases the squirrel. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit does not like the mouse. The squirrel chases the rabbit. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is blue. The squirrel is not cold. The squirrel is not red. The squirrel visits the rabbit. If something likes the squirrel and it does not chase the squirrel then the squirrel chases the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The mouse is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The mouse chases the rabbit. The mouse chases the squirrel. The mouse is blue. The mouse does not like the squirrel. The mouse visits the rabbit. The mouse visits the squirrel. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit chases the squirrel. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit does not like the mouse. The squirrel chases the rabbit. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is blue. The squirrel is not cold. The squirrel is not red. The squirrel visits the rabbit. If something likes the squirrel and it does not chase the squirrel then the squirrel chases the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The mouse is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-2748", + "question": "Bob is young. Erin is round. Fiona is cold. If something is young then it is blue. If something is kind and round then it is young. All round things are cold. If something is rough then it is round. All quiet things are rough. Kind things are young.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is young. Erin is round. Fiona is cold. If something is young then it is blue. If something is kind and round then it is young. All round things are cold. If something is rough then it is round. All quiet things are rough. Kind things are young.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-121", + "question": "Erin is big. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Fiona is not blue. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Fiona is green. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Harry is big. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is round. If something is furry then it is cold. If something is blue and cold then it is not rough. Round, cold things are furry.\n\nQuestion: Harry is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Erin is big. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Fiona is not blue. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Fiona is green. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Harry is big. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is round. If something is furry then it is cold. If something is blue and cold then it is not rough. Round, cold things are furry.", + "original_question": "Harry is cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-941", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the mouse. The cat chases the dog. The cat is red. The cat is rough. The dog chases the cat. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog eats the cat. The dog eats the mouse. The dog is green. The dog is rough. The dog likes the bald eagle. The dog likes the cat. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse eats the dog. The mouse is big. The mouse likes the cat. If someone chases the dog and they are kind then they like the mouse. If someone chases the mouse and they are big then the mouse is green. If someone likes the mouse then the mouse likes the bald eagle. If someone is kind then they like the cat. If the mouse likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the dog. If someone eats the dog and they eat the mouse then the mouse is kind. If someone is green then they chase the dog. If someone is green then they chase the bald eagle. If someone likes the bald eagle and they eat the mouse then they are kind.\n\nQuestion: The cat is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the mouse. The cat chases the dog. The cat is red. The cat is rough. The dog chases the cat. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog eats the cat. The dog eats the mouse. The dog is green. The dog is rough. The dog likes the bald eagle. The dog likes the cat. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse eats the dog. The mouse is big. The mouse likes the cat. If someone chases the dog and they are kind then they like the mouse. If someone chases the mouse and they are big then the mouse is green. If someone likes the mouse then the mouse likes the bald eagle. If someone is kind then they like the cat. If the mouse likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the dog. If someone eats the dog and they eat the mouse then the mouse is kind. If someone is green then they chase the dog. If someone is green then they chase the bald eagle. If someone likes the bald eagle and they eat the mouse then they are kind.", + "original_question": "The cat is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-1738", + "question": "Anne is nice. Anne is not round. Anne is young. Bob is not green. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is white. Gary is green. Gary is nice. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is white. Gary is young. Harry is rough. Harry is round. If someone is rough and red then they are young. If someone is rough and round then they are red. If Bob is white then Bob is rough.\n\nQuestion: Bob is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Anne is not round. Anne is young. Bob is not green. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is white. Gary is green. Gary is nice. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is white. Gary is young. Harry is rough. Harry is round. If someone is rough and red then they are young. If someone is rough and round then they are red. If Bob is white then Bob is rough.", + "original_question": "Bob is red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-124", + "question": "The cow chases the tiger. The cow is red. The cow is rough. The cow is round. The cow likes the tiger. The tiger chases the cow. The tiger is blue. The tiger is red. The tiger is rough. The tiger is round. The tiger likes the cow. The tiger visits the cow. If someone visits the tiger and the tiger likes the cow then the cow is blue. If someone is big and they like the cow then they are red. If someone is blue then they visit the tiger. If someone is blue and they chase the cow then they visit the cow. If someone chases the cow and they like the cow then the cow visits the tiger. If someone likes the cow and the cow chases the tiger then the tiger likes the cow. If someone is red and they visit the tiger then the tiger chases the cow. If someone is round and they like the tiger then they chase the cow.\n\nQuestion: The cow chases the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow chases the tiger. The cow is red. The cow is rough. The cow is round. The cow likes the tiger. The tiger chases the cow. The tiger is blue. The tiger is red. The tiger is rough. The tiger is round. The tiger likes the cow. The tiger visits the cow. If someone visits the tiger and the tiger likes the cow then the cow is blue. If someone is big and they like the cow then they are red. If someone is blue then they visit the tiger. If someone is blue and they chase the cow then they visit the cow. If someone chases the cow and they like the cow then the cow visits the tiger. If someone likes the cow and the cow chases the tiger then the tiger likes the cow. If someone is red and they visit the tiger then the tiger chases the cow. If someone is round and they like the tiger then they chase the cow.", + "original_question": "The cow chases the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-408", + "question": "Anne is cold. Dave is kind. Gary is young. Harry is white. All cold things are nice. If something is nice then it is white.\n\nQuestion: Anne is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Dave is kind. Gary is young. Harry is white. All cold things are nice. If something is nice then it is white.", + "original_question": "Anne is white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-6192", + "question": "The lion is cold. The lion is green. The lion is nice. The lion is rough. The lion is young. All young, cold things are green. All rough, green things are cold. If the lion is young and the lion is nice then the lion is cold. If the lion is young then the lion is green. Cold things are green. All young, cold things are rough.\n\nQuestion: The lion is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion is cold. The lion is green. The lion is nice. The lion is rough. The lion is young. All young, cold things are green. All rough, green things are cold. If the lion is young and the lion is nice then the lion is cold. If the lion is young then the lion is green. Cold things are green. All young, cold things are rough.", + "original_question": "The lion is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-649", + "question": "Anne is big. Charlie is not blue. Dave is kind. Erin is not big. If someone is red then they are not young. If someone is nice then they are blue. If someone is kind and not round then they are blue. Big, blue people are red. All big people are red. Kind people are big.\n\nQuestion: Anne is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Charlie is not blue. Dave is kind. Erin is not big. If someone is red then they are not young. If someone is nice then they are blue. If someone is kind and not round then they are blue. Big, blue people are red. All big people are red. Kind people are big.", + "original_question": "Anne is big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-1822", + "question": "The cat visits the dog. The dog likes the cat. The mouse visits the squirrel. The squirrel is round. If something visits the dog then it is young. If something likes the cat and it visits the dog then the dog sees the cat. If something is young then it sees the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The cat visits the dog.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat visits the dog. The dog likes the cat. The mouse visits the squirrel. The squirrel is round. If something visits the dog then it is young. If something likes the cat and it visits the dog then the dog sees the cat. If something is young then it sees the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The cat visits the dog." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1502", + "question": "The dog is young. The dog likes the squirrel. The lion eats the dog. The lion likes the dog. The squirrel chases the dog. The squirrel eats the lion. The squirrel likes the lion. If something is young and it eats the dog then the dog is rough. If something is cold then it is young. If something likes the squirrel then it eats the dog. If the squirrel eats the lion and the lion is cold then the squirrel eats the dog. Rough things are cold. If something likes the lion then it chases the squirrel. If the squirrel likes the dog then the dog chases the lion. If something likes the lion then it likes the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel likes the squirrel.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The dog is young. The dog likes the squirrel. The lion eats the dog. The lion likes the dog. The squirrel chases the dog. The squirrel eats the lion. The squirrel likes the lion. If something is young and it eats the dog then the dog is rough. If something is cold then it is young. If something likes the squirrel then it eats the dog. If the squirrel eats the lion and the lion is cold then the squirrel eats the dog. Rough things are cold. If something likes the lion then it chases the squirrel. If the squirrel likes the dog then the dog chases the lion. If something likes the lion then it likes the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The squirrel likes the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-BirdsVar2-3", + "question": "Arthur is a bird. Arthur is not wounded. Bill is an ostrich. Colin is a bird. Colin is wounded. Dave is not an ostrich. Dave is wounded. If someone is an ostrich then they are a bird. If someone is an ostrich then they are abnormal. If someone is an ostrich then they cannot fly. If someone is a bird and wounded then they are abnormal. If someone is wounded then they cannot fly. If someone is a bird and not abnormal then they can fly.\n\nQuestion: Arthur is wounded.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Arthur is a bird. Arthur is not wounded. Bill is an ostrich. Colin is a bird. Colin is wounded. Dave is not an ostrich. Dave is wounded. If someone is an ostrich then they are a bird. If someone is an ostrich then they are abnormal. If someone is an ostrich then they cannot fly. If someone is a bird and wounded then they are abnormal. If someone is wounded then they cannot fly. If someone is a bird and not abnormal then they can fly.", + "original_question": "Arthur is wounded." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-976", + "question": "Dave is kind. Erin is blue. Erin is green. Erin is kind. Erin is rough. Erin is white. Fiona is big. Fiona is green. Gary is kind. Gary is white. If someone is white then they are cold. All white, cold people are rough.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Dave is kind. Erin is blue. Erin is green. Erin is kind. Erin is rough. Erin is white. Fiona is big. Fiona is green. Gary is kind. Gary is white. If someone is white then they are cold. All white, cold people are rough.", + "original_question": "Gary is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1078", + "question": "Bob is green. Bob is white. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Dave is white. Fiona is big. Fiona is white. Harry is big. Harry is green. Harry is rough. Harry is white. All quiet, red people are green. All rough, quiet people are round. If Fiona is quiet and Fiona is big then Fiona is white. If someone is red then they are quiet. If someone is white and green then they are quiet. If someone is big then they are red. All big, rough people are green. Quiet, rough people are round.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is green. Bob is white. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Dave is white. Fiona is big. Fiona is white. Harry is big. Harry is green. Harry is rough. Harry is white. All quiet, red people are green. All rough, quiet people are round. If Fiona is quiet and Fiona is big then Fiona is white. If someone is red then they are quiet. If someone is white and green then they are quiet. If someone is big then they are red. All big, rough people are green. Quiet, rough people are round.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-5457", + "question": "The bear chases the cat. The cat likes the rabbit. The cow sees the bear. The rabbit sees the cat. If something is green then it sees the bear. If something sees the cat and it likes the cat then it is green. If something likes the cat then it chases the bear. If something is round and it sees the rabbit then it is blue. If something chases the cow and it sees the cow then the cow likes the rabbit. If something chases the bear then it sees the cat.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit does not see the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the cat. The cat likes the rabbit. The cow sees the bear. The rabbit sees the cat. If something is green then it sees the bear. If something sees the cat and it likes the cat then it is green. If something likes the cat then it chases the bear. If something is round and it sees the rabbit then it is blue. If something chases the cow and it sees the cow then the cow likes the rabbit. If something chases the bear then it sees the cat.", + "original_question": "The rabbit does not see the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-7", + "question": "The circuit includes the battery. The switch is on. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the radio. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The circuit does not include the radio.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The circuit includes the battery. The switch is on. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the radio. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The circuit does not include the radio." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-1428", + "question": "The bear sees the lion. The lion visits the bear. If something sees the lion and it visits the bear then it chases the lion. If the bear sees the lion then the lion chases the bear.\n\nQuestion: The lion chases the bear.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bear sees the lion. The lion visits the bear. If something sees the lion and it visits the bear then it chases the lion. If the bear sees the lion then the lion chases the bear.", + "original_question": "The lion chases the bear." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-368", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is nice. Bob is quiet. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Harry is nice. Harry is rough. Round things are big. If something is red and rough then it is big. All quiet things are red. All big, round things are quiet. If something is nice and round then it is quiet. All rough, quiet things are nice.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is nice. Bob is quiet. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Gary is red. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Harry is nice. Harry is rough. Round things are big. If something is red and rough then it is big. All quiet things are red. All big, round things are quiet. If something is nice and round then it is quiet. All rough, quiet things are nice.", + "original_question": "Gary is not red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1963", + "question": "Bob is smart. Erin is cold. Erin is young. If Bob is white and Bob is cold then Bob is kind. Furry things are cold. All furry things are white. All cold, smart things are rough. Young things are smart. If Bob is white then Bob is young.\n\nQuestion: Erin is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is smart. Erin is cold. Erin is young. If Bob is white and Bob is cold then Bob is kind. Furry things are cold. All furry things are white. All cold, smart things are rough. Young things are smart. If Bob is white then Bob is young.", + "original_question": "Erin is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-36", + "question": "Erin is rough. Erin is white. Fiona is quiet. All green people are furry. If Erin is rough then Erin is green. Furry people are red.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Erin is rough. Erin is white. Fiona is quiet. All green people are furry. If Erin is rough then Erin is green. Furry people are red.", + "original_question": "Erin is not red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-30", + "question": "Erin is blue. Erin is smart. Erin is young. All blue people are cold. If someone is cold then they are red. If Erin is blue and Erin is red then Erin is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Erin is blue. Erin is smart. Erin is young. All blue people are cold. If someone is cold then they are red. If Erin is blue and Erin is red then Erin is quiet.", + "original_question": "Erin is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-63", + "question": "The battery is flat. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the bell. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The switch is not on.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The battery is flat. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the bell. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The switch is not on." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-5742", + "question": "Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Harry is big. Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is kind. Harry is nice. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Smart, furry things are rough. If Dave is big and Dave is green then Dave is kind.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Harry is big. Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is kind. Harry is nice. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Smart, furry things are rough. If Dave is big and Dave is green then Dave is kind.", + "original_question": "Harry is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-5790", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Anne is green. Anne is not nice. Anne is not rough. Anne is young. All green, big people are furry. If someone is blue and not young then they are nice.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Anne is green. Anne is not nice. Anne is not rough. Anne is young. All green, big people are furry. If someone is blue and not young then they are nice.", + "original_question": "Anne is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-536", + "question": "Anne is nice. Anne is rough. Anne is white. Dave is big. Dave is young. Gary is big. Gary is white. All nice, white things are big. If something is big then it is nice. If Dave is nice and Dave is not young then Dave is blue. Nice things are rough. All young things are not kind. All rough things are blue. All young things are blue. If something is young and not big then it is blue.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Anne is rough. Anne is white. Dave is big. Dave is young. Gary is big. Gary is white. All nice, white things are big. If something is big then it is nice. If Dave is nice and Dave is not young then Dave is blue. Nice things are rough. All young things are not kind. All rough things are blue. All young things are blue. If something is young and not big then it is blue.", + "original_question": "Dave is not big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1502", + "question": "The dog is young. The dog likes the squirrel. The lion eats the dog. The lion likes the dog. The squirrel chases the dog. The squirrel eats the lion. The squirrel likes the lion. If something is young and it eats the dog then the dog is rough. If something is cold then it is young. If something likes the squirrel then it eats the dog. If the squirrel eats the lion and the lion is cold then the squirrel eats the dog. Rough things are cold. If something likes the lion then it chases the squirrel. If the squirrel likes the dog then the dog chases the lion. If something likes the lion then it likes the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel does not like the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The dog is young. The dog likes the squirrel. The lion eats the dog. The lion likes the dog. The squirrel chases the dog. The squirrel eats the lion. The squirrel likes the lion. If something is young and it eats the dog then the dog is rough. If something is cold then it is young. If something likes the squirrel then it eats the dog. If the squirrel eats the lion and the lion is cold then the squirrel eats the dog. Rough things are cold. If something likes the lion then it chases the squirrel. If the squirrel likes the dog then the dog chases the lion. If something likes the lion then it likes the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The squirrel does not like the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-66", + "question": "Dave is a kind person and he is also often cold. For being so cold, it's good Eric can remain nice. Fred may be round, but he is also kind. Young Harry here is always rough but nice and yes he is big. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. All young and kind people that feel blue are described as red. Big, young people with green color are rather rough. People with big smiles and round eyes will have red hair. A person that is very big and also the color red they will also be blue. A young person who is big and rough and big is also usually round.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is a kind person and he is also often cold. For being so cold, it's good Eric can remain nice. Fred may be round, but he is also kind. Young Harry here is always rough but nice and yes he is big. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. All young and kind people that feel blue are described as red. Big, young people with green color are rather rough. People with big smiles and round eyes will have red hair. A person that is very big and also the color red they will also be blue. A young person who is big and rough and big is also usually round.", + "original_question": "Harry is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1301", + "question": "Bob is cold. Charlie is nice. Dave is smart. All nice, smart things are rough. Big things are cold. All red, rough things are big. Rough, nice things are red. If something is big and rough then it is green. All nice things are green. All nice things are big. Cold, big things are red.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Charlie is nice. Dave is smart. All nice, smart things are rough. Big things are cold. All red, rough things are big. Rough, nice things are red. If something is big and rough then it is green. All nice things are green. All nice things are big. Cold, big things are red.", + "original_question": "Bob is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-1250", + "question": "Fiona is big. Fiona is blue. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Harry is blue. Harry is kind. Harry is quiet. If something is kind then it is round.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Fiona is big. Fiona is blue. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Harry is blue. Harry is kind. Harry is quiet. If something is kind then it is round.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1043", + "question": "The bear does not visit the tiger. The cow is young. The tiger visits the cow. If the cow is red then the cow likes the tiger. If someone needs the cow then they need the tiger. If someone visits the cow then the cow visits the bear. If someone is blue and young then they like the cow. If someone visits the bear then the bear needs the cow. If someone likes the tiger and they are not young then the tiger is not red.\n\nQuestion: The cow is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear does not visit the tiger. The cow is young. The tiger visits the cow. If the cow is red then the cow likes the tiger. If someone needs the cow then they need the tiger. If someone visits the cow then the cow visits the bear. If someone is blue and young then they like the cow. If someone visits the bear then the bear needs the cow. If someone likes the tiger and they are not young then the tiger is not red.", + "original_question": "The cow is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-896", + "question": "Erin is red. Fiona is quiet. Harry is red. If Erin is big then Erin is red. Furry, smart people are big. If someone is quiet then they are furry.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Erin is red. Fiona is quiet. Harry is red. If Erin is big then Erin is red. Furry, smart people are big. If someone is quiet then they are furry.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-75", + "question": "Big rough Alan is round and rather green. Green, big and red are qualities which all describe Charlie. That guy Dave sure is nice. Fred can be kind but he will talks so much his face turns blue. He is usually red and round other than that. Young round people who are green are usually blue. Rough and big people are always also cold people. I've noticed that nice people who have rough, green skin have a tendancy to be round. A nice, green, big person is also sure to be a red person. Anyone feeling cold is bound to act nice. People who are round and behave in a cold way are surely blue.\n\nQuestion: Alan is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Big rough Alan is round and rather green. Green, big and red are qualities which all describe Charlie. That guy Dave sure is nice. Fred can be kind but he will talks so much his face turns blue. He is usually red and round other than that. Young round people who are green are usually blue. Rough and big people are always also cold people. I've noticed that nice people who have rough, green skin have a tendancy to be round. A nice, green, big person is also sure to be a red person. Anyone feeling cold is bound to act nice. People who are round and behave in a cold way are surely blue.", + "original_question": "Alan is not red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-2906", + "question": "The lion chases the rabbit. The lion is not big. The lion is cold. The lion is red. The lion likes the rabbit. The lion sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the lion. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit is not red. The rabbit likes the lion. The rabbit sees the lion. If someone chases the lion and they chase the rabbit then they see the rabbit. If someone sees the rabbit and they do not chase the lion then the lion chases the rabbit. If someone likes the lion and the lion is big then the lion chases the rabbit. If someone sees the rabbit then the rabbit is not big. If someone is cold then they like the lion. If someone likes the lion and they do not chase the rabbit then the rabbit sees the lion.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit sees the lion.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion chases the rabbit. The lion is not big. The lion is cold. The lion is red. The lion likes the rabbit. The lion sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the lion. The rabbit is not cold. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit is not red. The rabbit likes the lion. The rabbit sees the lion. If someone chases the lion and they chase the rabbit then they see the rabbit. If someone sees the rabbit and they do not chase the lion then the lion chases the rabbit. If someone likes the lion and the lion is big then the lion chases the rabbit. If someone sees the rabbit then the rabbit is not big. If someone is cold then they like the lion. If someone likes the lion and they do not chase the rabbit then the rabbit sees the lion.", + "original_question": "The rabbit sees the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-112", + "question": "Dave is young. Erin is rough. Young things are furry.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is young. Erin is rough. Young things are furry.", + "original_question": "Dave is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-697", + "question": "Bob is young. Young people are nice. If someone is kind then they are young.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is young. Young people are nice. If someone is kind then they are young.", + "original_question": "Bob is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-591", + "question": "The cat is blue. The cat is kind. The lion is big. The lion is blue. The lion is kind. The lion sees the tiger. The squirrel is round. The squirrel is young. The squirrel needs the cat. The squirrel sees the lion. The tiger is blue. The tiger is kind. The tiger needs the lion. The tiger needs the squirrel. The tiger sees the squirrel. The tiger visits the lion. If someone is blue then they are big. If someone needs the lion and the lion is blue then the lion visits the tiger. If someone visits the tiger and they are blue then they see the lion. If the cat needs the lion then the lion needs the cat. If someone sees the cat then they are round. If someone sees the tiger then they visit the cat.\n\nQuestion: The lion sees the lion.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The cat is blue. The cat is kind. The lion is big. The lion is blue. The lion is kind. The lion sees the tiger. The squirrel is round. The squirrel is young. The squirrel needs the cat. The squirrel sees the lion. The tiger is blue. The tiger is kind. The tiger needs the lion. The tiger needs the squirrel. The tiger sees the squirrel. The tiger visits the lion. If someone is blue then they are big. If someone needs the lion and the lion is blue then the lion visits the tiger. If someone visits the tiger and they are blue then they see the lion. If the cat needs the lion then the lion needs the cat. If someone sees the cat then they are round. If someone sees the tiger then they visit the cat.", + "original_question": "The lion sees the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-273", + "question": "Bob is red. Bob is rough. Charlie is smart. All big things are blue. If Charlie is big then Charlie is rough. If Bob is kind and Bob is big then Bob is young. If Bob is young then Bob is big. All blue things are young. If something is red then it is blue. All smart things are kind. If Charlie is smart then Charlie is kind.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is red. Bob is rough. Charlie is smart. All big things are blue. If Charlie is big then Charlie is rough. If Bob is kind and Bob is big then Bob is young. If Bob is young then Bob is big. All blue things are young. If something is red then it is blue. All smart things are kind. If Charlie is smart then Charlie is kind.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-1595", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the mouse. The bald eagle chases the rabbit. The bald eagle eats the rabbit. The bald eagle is blue. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle sees the mouse. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse eats the bald eagle. The rabbit chases the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the mouse. If something chases the mouse then the mouse chases the bald eagle. If something is round then it chases the rabbit. If something sees the mouse then it chases the bald eagle. If the rabbit chases the bald eagle then the rabbit eats the mouse. If something sees the mouse and it sees the rabbit then the rabbit chases the mouse. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the mouse then the bald eagle is blue. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit is red then the rabbit eats the mouse. If something eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle eats the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the mouse. The bald eagle chases the rabbit. The bald eagle eats the rabbit. The bald eagle is blue. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle sees the mouse. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse eats the bald eagle. The rabbit chases the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is blue. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the mouse. If something chases the mouse then the mouse chases the bald eagle. If something is round then it chases the rabbit. If something sees the mouse then it chases the bald eagle. If the rabbit chases the bald eagle then the rabbit eats the mouse. If something sees the mouse and it sees the rabbit then the rabbit chases the mouse. If something eats the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the mouse then the bald eagle is blue. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit is red then the rabbit eats the mouse. If something eats the bald eagle then the bald eagle eats the mouse.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle eats the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-4543", + "question": "The bear does not chase the cow. The bear chases the dog. The bear is blue. The bear is not green. The bear visits the dog. The cow is not young. The cow does not visit the dog. The dog does not need the tiger. The dog visits the bear. The tiger visits the dog. If something chases the tiger then it is young. If something visits the dog and it is not big then it is rough. If something visits the cow and it is not young then it visits the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not need the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear does not chase the cow. The bear chases the dog. The bear is blue. The bear is not green. The bear visits the dog. The cow is not young. The cow does not visit the dog. The dog does not need the tiger. The dog visits the bear. The tiger visits the dog. If something chases the tiger then it is young. If something visits the dog and it is not big then it is rough. If something visits the cow and it is not young then it visits the tiger.", + "original_question": "The dog does not need the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-467", + "question": "Bob is kind. He is also very cold and blue. Look, we know Dave is young and rough. We have to accept he's also red, nice, cold, and blue. After Harry got wet in the rain, he feels cold. He also looks green but big. Rough, cold people are blue. If a person happens to be big kind and red at the same time they are a young person. A kind person will certainly be rough as well. Do not fear big cold people for they are often kind. A person who is rough and young while being kind tends to be red.\n\nQuestion: Harry is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. He is also very cold and blue. Look, we know Dave is young and rough. We have to accept he's also red, nice, cold, and blue. After Harry got wet in the rain, he feels cold. He also looks green but big. Rough, cold people are blue. If a person happens to be big kind and red at the same time they are a young person. A kind person will certainly be rough as well. Do not fear big cold people for they are often kind. A person who is rough and young while being kind tends to be red.", + "original_question": "Harry is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-1522", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is furry. Anne is red. Anne is young. Gary is young. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Young things are red. Cold, blue things are rough. Red things are furry. If Anne is red then Anne is cold. If something is big and cold then it is red. If something is blue and rough then it is cold. Young things are cold. Young things are blue.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is furry. Anne is red. Anne is young. Gary is young. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Young things are red. Cold, blue things are rough. Red things are furry. If Anne is red then Anne is cold. If something is big and cold then it is red. If something is blue and rough then it is cold. Young things are cold. Young things are blue.", + "original_question": "Harry is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1126", + "question": "Charlie is white. Erin is furry. Harry is rough. All smart, round things are white. White things are quiet. If something is furry then it is white. If something is quiet then it is round. If something is furry and round then it is rough. Round, furry things are smart.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is white. Erin is furry. Harry is rough. All smart, round things are white. White things are quiet. If something is furry then it is white. If something is quiet then it is round. If something is furry and round then it is rough. Round, furry things are smart.", + "original_question": "Charlie is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-2069", + "question": "Dave is nice. Dave is quiet. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is smart. Dave is white. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Erin is rough. Erin is white. Harry is nice. Harry is red. If something is rough and nice then it is white. If Harry is red and Harry is smart then Harry is rough. If something is red then it is smart. If something is young and rough then it is quiet. Smart things are rough. White, quiet things are red.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is nice. Dave is quiet. Dave is red. Dave is rough. Dave is smart. Dave is white. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Erin is rough. Erin is white. Harry is nice. Harry is red. If something is rough and nice then it is white. If Harry is red and Harry is smart then Harry is rough. If something is red then it is smart. If something is young and rough then it is quiet. Smart things are rough. White, quiet things are red.", + "original_question": "Erin is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-1146", + "question": "The bald eagle sees the bear. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The bear chases the bald eagle. The bear chases the rabbit. The bear eats the mouse. The bear is blue. The bear sees the rabbit. The mouse chases the rabbit. The mouse is cold. The mouse is nice. The mouse sees the bear. The mouse sees the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bear. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. If something chases the rabbit then the rabbit eats the bald eagle. If something sees the bear then the bear is red. If something is red then it is big. If something chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the rabbit then the bald eagle is red. Red things are blue. If something eats the rabbit and the rabbit is red then it is blue.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not chase the rabbit.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle sees the bear. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The bear chases the bald eagle. The bear chases the rabbit. The bear eats the mouse. The bear is blue. The bear sees the rabbit. The mouse chases the rabbit. The mouse is cold. The mouse is nice. The mouse sees the bear. The mouse sees the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bear. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. If something chases the rabbit then the rabbit eats the bald eagle. If something sees the bear then the bear is red. If something is red then it is big. If something chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle eats the rabbit then the bald eagle is red. Red things are blue. If something eats the rabbit and the rabbit is red then it is blue.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not chase the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-777", + "question": "The cow is red. The cow likes the dog. The dog chases the cow. The tiger chases the dog. The tiger likes the cow. The tiger likes the dog. The tiger sees the dog. If something is young then it chases the cow. If something chases the dog then it sees the cow. If the tiger is blue and the tiger sees the dog then the dog likes the tiger. If the cow likes the tiger and the tiger likes the cow then the tiger sees the cow. If something sees the cow then the cow chases the dog. If something likes the cow then it likes the dog. If something sees the dog then the dog likes the tiger. If something sees the cow then the cow sees the dog.\n\nQuestion: The tiger does not see the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow is red. The cow likes the dog. The dog chases the cow. The tiger chases the dog. The tiger likes the cow. The tiger likes the dog. The tiger sees the dog. If something is young then it chases the cow. If something chases the dog then it sees the cow. If the tiger is blue and the tiger sees the dog then the dog likes the tiger. If the cow likes the tiger and the tiger likes the cow then the tiger sees the cow. If something sees the cow then the cow chases the dog. If something likes the cow then it likes the dog. If something sees the dog then the dog likes the tiger. If something sees the cow then the cow sees the dog.", + "original_question": "The tiger does not see the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1895", + "question": "Erin is cold. Fiona is smart. If something is cold then it is rough. All rough things are red. Red things are kind. All cold things are blue. If Fiona is cold then Fiona is big. All rough, blue things are red. If something is blue and smart then it is red. Kind things are blue.\n\nQuestion: Erin is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Erin is cold. Fiona is smart. If something is cold then it is rough. All rough things are red. Red things are kind. All cold things are blue. If Fiona is cold then Fiona is big. All rough, blue things are red. If something is blue and smart then it is red. Kind things are blue.", + "original_question": "Erin is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-498", + "question": "Dave is furry. Dave is not kind. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is young. Erin is furry. Erin is not kind. Erin is nice. Erin is round. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. Fiona is white. If Fiona is not furry then Fiona is young. If Fiona is rough and Fiona is kind then Fiona is young. White, round people are rough. White, nice people are not kind. If someone is round and not furry then they are not nice. If someone is white then they are round. If Fiona is rough then Fiona is kind. If Erin is not kind then Erin is rough.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Dave is furry. Dave is not kind. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is young. Erin is furry. Erin is not kind. Erin is nice. Erin is round. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. Fiona is white. If Fiona is not furry then Fiona is young. If Fiona is rough and Fiona is kind then Fiona is young. White, round people are rough. White, nice people are not kind. If someone is round and not furry then they are not nice. If someone is white then they are round. If Fiona is rough then Fiona is kind. If Erin is not kind then Erin is rough.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-363", + "question": "Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is smart. Dave is kind. Erin is green. Erin is kind. Erin is quiet. Erin is smart. Harry is quiet. Harry is smart. If Dave is kind and Dave is quiet then Dave is smart. If Bob is round and Bob is not green then Bob is quiet. All smart people are kind. Smart, quiet people are nice. Kind people are quiet. If Harry is not kind and Harry is not smart then Harry is red. If someone is kind and not quiet then they are red. Smart, round people are red.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is smart. Dave is kind. Erin is green. Erin is kind. Erin is quiet. Erin is smart. Harry is quiet. Harry is smart. If Dave is kind and Dave is quiet then Dave is smart. If Bob is round and Bob is not green then Bob is quiet. All smart people are kind. Smart, quiet people are nice. Kind people are quiet. If Harry is not kind and Harry is not smart then Harry is red. If someone is kind and not quiet then they are red. Smart, round people are red.", + "original_question": "Bob is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1107", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is cold. Anne is red. Anne is white. Anne is young. Bob is white. Erin is cold. Fiona is big. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. If someone is cold then they are young. If someone is red and cold then they are big. If someone is furry then they are cold. If someone is nice then they are furry. If someone is big and nice then they are furry. All big people are nice.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is cold. Anne is red. Anne is white. Anne is young. Bob is white. Erin is cold. Fiona is big. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. If someone is cold then they are young. If someone is red and cold then they are big. If someone is furry then they are cold. If someone is nice then they are furry. If someone is big and nice then they are furry. All big people are nice.", + "original_question": "Fiona is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-2697", + "question": "The bald eagle likes the cat. The cat likes the squirrel. The mouse likes the bald eagle. The squirrel chases the bald eagle. If the bald eagle chases the cat then the cat chases the mouse. If someone likes the cat and the cat likes the squirrel then they need the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not like the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle likes the cat. The cat likes the squirrel. The mouse likes the bald eagle. The squirrel chases the bald eagle. If the bald eagle chases the cat then the cat chases the mouse. If someone likes the cat and the cat likes the squirrel then they need the mouse.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not like the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-175", + "question": "Alan is rather round shaped nice fellow who is feeling blue and looking green today. Charlie seems to be round. Eric seems to be round. No one knows Harry like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Round people who feel blue and are green in color are often young in age. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. Young people who are cold and blue are actually kind. Rough people who are kind and green with envy are red with their toughened skin. When green, young and round fits a person, you'll see that rough will also fit. Anyone rough in texture and young in age is a cold person. Most young kind people tend to be red too.\n\nQuestion: Alan is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Alan is rather round shaped nice fellow who is feeling blue and looking green today. Charlie seems to be round. Eric seems to be round. No one knows Harry like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Round people who feel blue and are green in color are often young in age. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. Young people who are cold and blue are actually kind. Rough people who are kind and green with envy are red with their toughened skin. When green, young and round fits a person, you'll see that rough will also fit. Anyone rough in texture and young in age is a cold person. Most young kind people tend to be red too.", + "original_question": "Alan is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-1041", + "question": "The cat is blue. The cat is green. The cat likes the lion. The cat sees the cow. The cow eats the lion. The cow likes the rabbit. The cow sees the lion. The lion likes the rabbit. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit sees the lion. If something is round then it eats the rabbit. If something is green and it eats the rabbit then the rabbit eats the cat. If something sees the lion then it is blue. If something likes the cow then the cow sees the cat. If something is blue and it sees the lion then it is round. If something is cold then it sees the cat. If something eats the rabbit then it is cold.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat is blue. The cat is green. The cat likes the lion. The cat sees the cow. The cow eats the lion. The cow likes the rabbit. The cow sees the lion. The lion likes the rabbit. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit sees the lion. If something is round then it eats the rabbit. If something is green and it eats the rabbit then the rabbit eats the cat. If something sees the lion then it is blue. If something likes the cow then the cow sees the cat. If something is blue and it sees the lion then it is round. If something is cold then it sees the cat. If something eats the rabbit then it is cold.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-701", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the rabbit. The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse chases the tiger. The mouse likes the rabbit. The mouse sees the bald eagle. The rabbit chases the tiger. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is red. The rabbit likes the mouse. The rabbit likes the tiger. The tiger likes the bald eagle. If something likes the tiger then it sees the tiger. If something likes the rabbit and the rabbit is rough then the rabbit chases the bald eagle. If the tiger is rough and the tiger likes the mouse then the mouse likes the bald eagle. If something likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle is kind then the bald eagle sees the mouse. If the mouse sees the bald eagle then the mouse likes the rabbit. If something is kind and it likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle likes the tiger. If something likes the bald eagle then it is kind. If something sees the tiger then it is rough. If something is rough then it likes the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not see the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the rabbit. The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The mouse chases the bald eagle. The mouse chases the tiger. The mouse likes the rabbit. The mouse sees the bald eagle. The rabbit chases the tiger. The rabbit is big. The rabbit is red. The rabbit likes the mouse. The rabbit likes the tiger. The tiger likes the bald eagle. If something likes the tiger then it sees the tiger. If something likes the rabbit and the rabbit is rough then the rabbit chases the bald eagle. If the tiger is rough and the tiger likes the mouse then the mouse likes the bald eagle. If something likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle is kind then the bald eagle sees the mouse. If the mouse sees the bald eagle then the mouse likes the rabbit. If something is kind and it likes the bald eagle then the bald eagle likes the tiger. If something likes the bald eagle then it is kind. If something sees the tiger then it is rough. If something is rough then it likes the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not see the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-948", + "question": "The dog is red. The dog likes the mouse. The dog visits the tiger. The lion visits the dog. The lion visits the tiger. The mouse chases the tiger. The mouse is green. The mouse visits the dog. The tiger chases the lion. The tiger is nice. The tiger visits the dog. If something chases the dog then it visits the lion. If the dog is cold then the dog likes the tiger. If something likes the tiger then the tiger likes the mouse. If something is nice then it visits the tiger. If something likes the lion and the lion is green then it is blue. If something is cold then it likes the lion. If something visits the tiger then it visits the mouse. If something visits the tiger then the tiger chases the mouse. If something likes the mouse then it is cold.\n\nQuestion: The tiger likes the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The dog is red. The dog likes the mouse. The dog visits the tiger. The lion visits the dog. The lion visits the tiger. The mouse chases the tiger. The mouse is green. The mouse visits the dog. The tiger chases the lion. The tiger is nice. The tiger visits the dog. If something chases the dog then it visits the lion. If the dog is cold then the dog likes the tiger. If something likes the tiger then the tiger likes the mouse. If something is nice then it visits the tiger. If something likes the lion and the lion is green then it is blue. If something is cold then it likes the lion. If something visits the tiger then it visits the mouse. If something visits the tiger then the tiger chases the mouse. If something likes the mouse then it is cold.", + "original_question": "The tiger likes the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-2203", + "question": "Charlie is quiet. Charlie is rough. Charlie is young. Harry is blue. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. Harry is rough. If someone is red and quiet then they are kind. If someone is quiet then they are red.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is quiet. Charlie is rough. Charlie is young. Harry is blue. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. Harry is rough. If someone is red and quiet then they are kind. If someone is quiet then they are red.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-744", + "question": "Charlie is furry. Charlie is rough. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. Fiona is round. Fiona is white. Fiona is young. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is round. All young, white things are rough. All round things are white. All white things are young.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is furry. Charlie is rough. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. Fiona is round. Fiona is white. Fiona is young. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is round. All young, white things are rough. All round things are white. All white things are young.", + "original_question": "Harry is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-375", + "question": "Alan seems to be round. Rough and round Bob is nice and kind and he's also cold. Eric is green because he is young. Eric is also very kind but he can be rough when people make fun of him. Fred is green and cold too. Young, red people are usually quite blue too. Young people who are cold and blue are actually kind. A kind person will certainly be rough as well. Any person who can be red and blue at the same time is cold. Nice people with red and rough skin are green with envy. When you meet and big and nice man, they will be kind to the earth and live green lifestyle. When you run into someone who is rough and green at the same time, they will also be red.\n\nQuestion: Eric is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Alan seems to be round. Rough and round Bob is nice and kind and he's also cold. Eric is green because he is young. Eric is also very kind but he can be rough when people make fun of him. Fred is green and cold too. Young, red people are usually quite blue too. Young people who are cold and blue are actually kind. A kind person will certainly be rough as well. Any person who can be red and blue at the same time is cold. Nice people with red and rough skin are green with envy. When you meet and big and nice man, they will be kind to the earth and live green lifestyle. When you run into someone who is rough and green at the same time, they will also be red.", + "original_question": "Eric is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-669", + "question": "Bob is blue. Bob is not young. Dave is white. Fiona is green. Fiona is rough. Fiona is smart. Gary is blue. If something is nice then it is smart. Blue, smart things are green. All rough things are nice. Blue things are nice. All green, smart things are rough. Green, smart things are blue. If something is green and not rough then it is white. Rough, green things are not young. If something is smart and not white then it is young.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Bob is not young. Dave is white. Fiona is green. Fiona is rough. Fiona is smart. Gary is blue. If something is nice then it is smart. Blue, smart things are green. All rough things are nice. Blue things are nice. All green, smart things are rough. Green, smart things are blue. If something is green and not rough then it is white. Rough, green things are not young. If something is smart and not white then it is young.", + "original_question": "Gary is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1682", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Anne is kind. Anne is quiet. Anne is rough. Anne is round. Anne is young. Erin is blue. Erin is quiet. Fiona is kind. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Fiona is young. Harry is blue. Harry is round. If someone is rough and furry then they are kind. Furry people are rough. All quiet people are kind. If someone is kind and rough then they are round. If Harry is blue then Harry is young. If someone is quiet then they are furry. All rough people are quiet. All kind people are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Anne is kind. Anne is quiet. Anne is rough. Anne is round. Anne is young. Erin is blue. Erin is quiet. Fiona is kind. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Fiona is young. Harry is blue. Harry is round. If someone is rough and furry then they are kind. Furry people are rough. All quiet people are kind. If someone is kind and rough then they are round. If Harry is blue then Harry is young. If someone is quiet then they are furry. All rough people are quiet. All kind people are quiet.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-1074", + "question": "The lion is rough. The mouse eats the lion. The mouse eats the rabbit. The mouse is blue. The mouse is nice. The mouse does not visit the lion. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is young. The rabbit needs the lion. The rabbit needs the mouse. If something needs the rabbit and it is not big then it is young. If the lion does not visit the rabbit then the rabbit needs the lion. If something eats the mouse then it needs the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit does not need the lion.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion is rough. The mouse eats the lion. The mouse eats the rabbit. The mouse is blue. The mouse is nice. The mouse does not visit the lion. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is young. The rabbit needs the lion. The rabbit needs the mouse. If something needs the rabbit and it is not big then it is young. If the lion does not visit the rabbit then the rabbit needs the lion. If something eats the mouse then it needs the mouse.", + "original_question": "The rabbit does not need the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-121", + "question": "That guy Bob sure is nice. Young Charlie has rough, green skin that is always cold. Charlie is known for being a nice guy. Fred is a cold and round man who has red and green skin. A blue colored person who is nice is a red person. Every single big person is a little green in some areas. If someone has a kind disposition and looks rather round and rough then you'll find that they're actually quite young. A person who is kind and rough and blue is young. A kind person will certainly be rough as well. Blue eyed people, green with sickness and rough around the edges quickly turn red and blush when stepping ashore. Cold and red people are always kind to others.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "That guy Bob sure is nice. Young Charlie has rough, green skin that is always cold. Charlie is known for being a nice guy. Fred is a cold and round man who has red and green skin. A blue colored person who is nice is a red person. Every single big person is a little green in some areas. If someone has a kind disposition and looks rather round and rough then you'll find that they're actually quite young. A person who is kind and rough and blue is young. A kind person will certainly be rough as well. Blue eyed people, green with sickness and rough around the edges quickly turn red and blush when stepping ashore. Cold and red people are always kind to others.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-343", + "question": "The cat is young. If something is young and not nice then it is cold. Young things are not cold. If something is big and nice then it is cold. If something is nice then it is cold. All round things are not cold. If something is big and not nice then it is not young. Cold things are not young. If the cat is not big then the cat is not round.\n\nQuestion: The cat is not cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat is young. If something is young and not nice then it is cold. Young things are not cold. If something is big and nice then it is cold. If something is nice then it is cold. All round things are not cold. If something is big and not nice then it is not young. Cold things are not young. If the cat is not big then the cat is not round.", + "original_question": "The cat is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-1984", + "question": "Bob is blue. If Bob is big and Bob is kind then Bob is furry. Kind, green people are furry. All blue people are furry. Green people are red. Green people are nice. If someone is red then they are nice. If Bob is nice then Bob is red. All red, nice people are furry.\n\nQuestion: Bob is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. If Bob is big and Bob is kind then Bob is furry. Kind, green people are furry. All blue people are furry. Green people are red. Green people are nice. If someone is red then they are nice. If Bob is nice then Bob is red. All red, nice people are furry.", + "original_question": "Bob is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1495", + "question": "Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Dave is nice. Erin is blue. Erin is green. Erin is nice. If something is blue and kind then it is furry. Young, blue things are big. If something is young and furry then it is kind. Young things are blue. If Erin is furry then Erin is young. All furry, kind things are young.\n\nQuestion: Dave is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Dave is nice. Erin is blue. Erin is green. Erin is nice. If something is blue and kind then it is furry. Young, blue things are big. If something is young and furry then it is kind. Young things are blue. If Erin is furry then Erin is young. All furry, kind things are young.", + "original_question": "Dave is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1591", + "question": "Charlie is big. Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Dave is big. Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Erin is big. Erin is blue. Erin is round. Quiet, round things are green. All big things are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Erin is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Charlie is big. Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Dave is big. Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Erin is big. Erin is blue. Erin is round. Quiet, round things are green. All big things are quiet.", + "original_question": "Erin is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-751", + "question": "Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Erin is furry. Erin is kind. Erin is nice. Erin is young. Gary is nice. Gary is young. Harry is furry. Harry is nice. Harry is quiet. Harry is smart. If something is kind and smart then it is nice. If Bob is young then Bob is kind. If something is nice and young then it is quiet. Young, kind things are quiet. If Bob is kind and Bob is smart then Bob is young. Furry things are young. If something is kind and nice then it is cold. All furry, quiet things are smart. Smart, nice things are furry.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Erin is furry. Erin is kind. Erin is nice. Erin is young. Gary is nice. Gary is young. Harry is furry. Harry is nice. Harry is quiet. Harry is smart. If something is kind and smart then it is nice. If Bob is young then Bob is kind. If something is nice and young then it is quiet. Young, kind things are quiet. If Bob is kind and Bob is smart then Bob is young. Furry things are young. If something is kind and nice then it is cold. All furry, quiet things are smart. Smart, nice things are furry.", + "original_question": "Harry is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-651", + "question": "Charlie is rough. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Fiona is cold. Fiona is red. Harry is furry. Harry is nice. All furry people are nice. Nice, red people are rough. All nice people are rough. If someone is red and round then they are furry. All big, rough people are round. All red, rough people are big. All cold, furry people are rough. If someone is cold and round then they are red. All furry people are cold.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is rough. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Fiona is cold. Fiona is red. Harry is furry. Harry is nice. All furry people are nice. Nice, red people are rough. All nice people are rough. If someone is red and round then they are furry. All big, rough people are round. All red, rough people are big. All cold, furry people are rough. If someone is cold and round then they are red. All furry people are cold.", + "original_question": "Harry is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-112", + "question": "Dave is young. Erin is rough. Young things are furry.\n\nQuestion: Dave is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is young. Erin is rough. Young things are furry.", + "original_question": "Dave is furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-3509", + "question": "Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Bob is green. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Bob is smart. Bob is white. White people are cold.\n\nQuestion: Bob is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Bob is green. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Bob is smart. Bob is white. White people are cold.", + "original_question": "Bob is green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1338", + "question": "Fiona is big. Fiona is furry. Fiona is quiet. All furry things are nice. If something is quiet and furry then it is rough. If Fiona is big and Fiona is white then Fiona is quiet. If something is white then it is smart. If Fiona is nice then Fiona is big. If Fiona is rough then Fiona is white.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Fiona is big. Fiona is furry. Fiona is quiet. All furry things are nice. If something is quiet and furry then it is rough. If Fiona is big and Fiona is white then Fiona is quiet. If something is white then it is smart. If Fiona is nice then Fiona is big. If Fiona is rough then Fiona is white.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-566", + "question": "The cat likes the squirrel. The squirrel is blue. If something visits the cat and the cat likes the squirrel then the squirrel is kind. If something visits the cat then the cat visits the squirrel. If something likes the cat and the cat is round then the cat visits the squirrel. If something sees the cat then it visits the cat. If something is kind and it visits the cat then the cat likes the squirrel. If something likes the squirrel then it sees the cat.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat likes the squirrel. The squirrel is blue. If something visits the cat and the cat likes the squirrel then the squirrel is kind. If something visits the cat then the cat visits the squirrel. If something likes the cat and the cat is round then the cat visits the squirrel. If something sees the cat then it visits the cat. If something is kind and it visits the cat then the cat likes the squirrel. If something likes the squirrel then it sees the cat.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1619", + "question": "The cow chases the mouse. The cow is cold. The cow needs the mouse. The cow does not visit the tiger. The mouse chases the cow. The mouse chases the rabbit. The rabbit needs the mouse. The tiger chases the cow. The tiger is nice. The tiger visits the cow. The tiger visits the mouse. The tiger visits the rabbit. If something is nice then it needs the rabbit. If the cow is nice and the cow does not need the mouse then the cow is big. If something needs the cow then the cow visits the mouse. If something chases the tiger then it visits the mouse. If something chases the rabbit then it chases the mouse. If something is big and it chases the tiger then it needs the cow. If something visits the tiger then it is cold. If something needs the rabbit then the rabbit needs the cow.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not need the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow chases the mouse. The cow is cold. The cow needs the mouse. The cow does not visit the tiger. The mouse chases the cow. The mouse chases the rabbit. The rabbit needs the mouse. The tiger chases the cow. The tiger is nice. The tiger visits the cow. The tiger visits the mouse. The tiger visits the rabbit. If something is nice then it needs the rabbit. If the cow is nice and the cow does not need the mouse then the cow is big. If something needs the cow then the cow visits the mouse. If something chases the tiger then it visits the mouse. If something chases the rabbit then it chases the mouse. If something is big and it chases the tiger then it needs the cow. If something visits the tiger then it is cold. If something needs the rabbit then the rabbit needs the cow.", + "original_question": "The cow does not need the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-618", + "question": "The bear is young. The bear needs the cat. The cat chases the bear. The cat is big. The cat is kind. The cat is young. The cat needs the cow. The cow chases the bear. The cow chases the squirrel. The cow is nice. The cow is rough. The cow is young. The cow likes the cat. The cow likes the squirrel. The cow needs the cat. The squirrel needs the cat. If someone needs the cat and the cat needs the cow then they are young. If someone chases the squirrel and they chase the cat then the cat needs the squirrel. If someone is young then they are big.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel does not need the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is young. The bear needs the cat. The cat chases the bear. The cat is big. The cat is kind. The cat is young. The cat needs the cow. The cow chases the bear. The cow chases the squirrel. The cow is nice. The cow is rough. The cow is young. The cow likes the cat. The cow likes the squirrel. The cow needs the cat. The squirrel needs the cat. If someone needs the cat and the cat needs the cow then they are young. If someone chases the squirrel and they chase the cat then the cat needs the squirrel. If someone is young then they are big.", + "original_question": "The squirrel does not need the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-16", + "question": "The circuit includes the battery. The circuit includes the switch. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The wire is not conducting.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The circuit includes the battery. The circuit includes the switch. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The wire is not conducting." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-484", + "question": "Bob is rough. Dave is rough. Gary is white. Harry is blue. Green things are kind. If something is kind then it is white. All big things are green. If something is white then it is big. If something is big then it is young. If something is rough and green then it is big. If Bob is rough and Bob is white then Bob is kind. Big, blue things are green.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is rough. Dave is rough. Gary is white. Harry is blue. Green things are kind. If something is kind then it is white. All big things are green. If something is white then it is big. If something is big then it is young. If something is rough and green then it is big. If Bob is rough and Bob is white then Bob is kind. Big, blue things are green.", + "original_question": "Gary is not big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-161", + "question": "Anne is furry. Anne is quiet. Anne is round. Anne is smart. Bob is big. Bob is furry. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Charlie is big. Charlie is kind. Charlie is quiet. Harry is furry. Harry is round. Furry things are rough. All round, kind things are quiet. All kind, quiet things are furry.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Anne is quiet. Anne is round. Anne is smart. Bob is big. Bob is furry. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Charlie is big. Charlie is kind. Charlie is quiet. Harry is furry. Harry is round. Furry things are rough. All round, kind things are quiet. All kind, quiet things are furry.", + "original_question": "Bob is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-2637", + "question": "The bald eagle is big. The bald eagle is not young. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The bald eagle visits the dog. The bald eagle visits the tiger. The dog is not rough. The dog is young. The dog likes the lion. The lion eats the dog. The lion likes the tiger. The tiger is nice. The tiger likes the dog. If someone eats the dog then they visit the tiger. If someone is young and nice then they eat the lion. If someone visits the tiger and they do not visit the lion then the lion likes the bald eagle. If someone eats the dog then they are not rough. If someone eats the tiger and the tiger does not visit the lion then the tiger visits the dog. If someone visits the dog and they like the lion then they like the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The lion is rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is big. The bald eagle is not young. The bald eagle likes the tiger. The bald eagle visits the dog. The bald eagle visits the tiger. The dog is not rough. The dog is young. The dog likes the lion. The lion eats the dog. The lion likes the tiger. The tiger is nice. The tiger likes the dog. If someone eats the dog then they visit the tiger. If someone is young and nice then they eat the lion. If someone visits the tiger and they do not visit the lion then the lion likes the bald eagle. If someone eats the dog then they are not rough. If someone eats the tiger and the tiger does not visit the lion then the tiger visits the dog. If someone visits the dog and they like the lion then they like the tiger.", + "original_question": "The lion is rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-1131", + "question": "The bear likes the dog. The bear needs the rabbit. The dog is blue. The dog is green. The dog sees the bear. The dog sees the rabbit. The mouse likes the rabbit. The mouse needs the dog. The mouse sees the dog. The rabbit sees the dog. If the dog likes the rabbit then the dog is young. If something is young then it sees the dog. If something sees the dog and the dog is blue then the dog is young.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not see the bear.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear likes the dog. The bear needs the rabbit. The dog is blue. The dog is green. The dog sees the bear. The dog sees the rabbit. The mouse likes the rabbit. The mouse needs the dog. The mouse sees the dog. The rabbit sees the dog. If the dog likes the rabbit then the dog is young. If something is young then it sees the dog. If something sees the dog and the dog is blue then the dog is young.", + "original_question": "The dog does not see the bear." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-663", + "question": "Anne is red. Charlie is young. All red, young people are smart. If someone is young then they are cold. If Anne is red then Anne is cold. All red people are young. Young, cold people are quiet. All cold, young people are red.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is red. Charlie is young. All red, young people are smart. If someone is young then they are cold. If Anne is red then Anne is cold. All red people are young. Young, cold people are quiet. All cold, young people are red.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-810", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the lion. The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bald eagle likes the mouse. The bald eagle needs the lion. The lion chases the bald eagle. The lion is big. The lion is rough. The lion needs the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. The mouse is cold. The mouse is kind. The mouse likes the bald eagle. The mouse likes the lion. The mouse needs the lion. If someone is round and they chase the lion then the lion needs the bald eagle. If someone needs the lion and they chase the lion then they like the bald eagle. If someone is rough and kind then they like the mouse. If the bald eagle is cold then the bald eagle is big. If someone is big and they like the mouse then the mouse is round. If the bald eagle needs the lion and the lion is round then the lion chases the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not like the bald eagle.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the lion. The bald eagle is cold. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bald eagle likes the mouse. The bald eagle needs the lion. The lion chases the bald eagle. The lion is big. The lion is rough. The lion needs the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. The mouse is cold. The mouse is kind. The mouse likes the bald eagle. The mouse likes the lion. The mouse needs the lion. If someone is round and they chase the lion then the lion needs the bald eagle. If someone needs the lion and they chase the lion then they like the bald eagle. If someone is rough and kind then they like the mouse. If the bald eagle is cold then the bald eagle is big. If someone is big and they like the mouse then the mouse is round. If the bald eagle needs the lion and the lion is round then the lion chases the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not like the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1297", + "question": "The bear chases the cow. The bear chases the tiger. The bear is blue. The bear is kind. The bear visits the cow. The cow chases the tiger. The cow needs the bear. The cow visits the bear. The tiger chases the bear. The tiger does not need the bear. The tiger does not visit the bear. The tiger visits the cow. If something visits the tiger then the tiger is not kind. If something chases the bear and the bear does not chase the cow then the bear needs the tiger. If something needs the tiger then it visits the tiger. If something needs the bear and the bear chases the cow then the cow needs the tiger. If the tiger is rough then the tiger needs the bear. If something is kind and it visits the tiger then the tiger is blue.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not visit the tiger.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the cow. The bear chases the tiger. The bear is blue. The bear is kind. The bear visits the cow. The cow chases the tiger. The cow needs the bear. The cow visits the bear. The tiger chases the bear. The tiger does not need the bear. The tiger does not visit the bear. The tiger visits the cow. If something visits the tiger then the tiger is not kind. If something chases the bear and the bear does not chase the cow then the bear needs the tiger. If something needs the tiger then it visits the tiger. If something needs the bear and the bear chases the cow then the cow needs the tiger. If the tiger is rough then the tiger needs the bear. If something is kind and it visits the tiger then the tiger is blue.", + "original_question": "The cow does not visit the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-2334", + "question": "Bob is red. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Erin is cold. Erin is green. Erin is red. Erin is round. Erin is smart. All cold people are young. Cold people are furry. If someone is red and young then they are smart. If someone is round then they are furry. Young, smart people are cold. All furry people are red.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is red. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is red. Charlie is round. Erin is cold. Erin is green. Erin is red. Erin is round. Erin is smart. All cold people are young. Cold people are furry. If someone is red and young then they are smart. If someone is round then they are furry. Young, smart people are cold. All furry people are red.", + "original_question": "Erin is not green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1470", + "question": "Anne is green. Harry is cold. If Harry is young then Harry is kind. All furry people are kind. If someone is kind and furry then they are cold. If someone is green then they are young. If someone is smart and furry then they are not young. Green people are furry.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is green. Harry is cold. If Harry is young then Harry is kind. All furry people are kind. If someone is kind and furry then they are cold. If someone is green then they are young. If someone is smart and furry then they are not young. Green people are furry.", + "original_question": "Anne is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-98", + "question": "Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Furry, nice things are rough. Round things are furry. All nice, cold things are furry. Kind things are nice. If something is nice then it is big. If something is furry and nice then it is cold. If something is furry then it is kind. If Fiona is cold and Fiona is nice then Fiona is rough.\n\nQuestion: Erin is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Dave is big. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is nice. Erin is rough. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Furry, nice things are rough. Round things are furry. All nice, cold things are furry. Kind things are nice. If something is nice then it is big. If something is furry and nice then it is cold. If something is furry then it is kind. If Fiona is cold and Fiona is nice then Fiona is rough.", + "original_question": "Erin is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-2300", + "question": "Anne is furry. Anne is quiet. Anne is round. Anne is white. Dave is green. Dave is quiet. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is smart. If something is furry and white then it is green. White, green things are quiet. If something is green and furry then it is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Anne is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Anne is quiet. Anne is round. Anne is white. Dave is green. Dave is quiet. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is smart. If something is furry and white then it is green. White, green things are quiet. If something is green and furry then it is quiet.", + "original_question": "Anne is furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-265", + "question": "The dog is nice. If something is round and not nice then it is green. If something is kind and big then it is green. All big, kind things are green. All green things are kind. If something is green and kind then it is big. If the dog is green then the dog is kind. If the dog is nice then the dog is green. All nice, kind things are round.\n\nQuestion: The dog is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The dog is nice. If something is round and not nice then it is green. If something is kind and big then it is green. All big, kind things are green. All green things are kind. If something is green and kind then it is big. If the dog is green then the dog is kind. If the dog is nice then the dog is green. All nice, kind things are round.", + "original_question": "The dog is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-427", + "question": "Anne is furry. Anne is not green. Anne is white. Charlie is green. Charlie is rough. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is nice. Gary is round. Gary is white. Harry is nice. Harry is rough. Harry is round. If something is white then it is blue. All furry things are round. Green, rough things are round. Blue things are furry. If Charlie is furry then Charlie is nice. Rough, round things are white.\n\nQuestion: Harry is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Anne is not green. Anne is white. Charlie is green. Charlie is rough. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is nice. Gary is round. Gary is white. Harry is nice. Harry is rough. Harry is round. If something is white then it is blue. All furry things are round. Green, rough things are round. Blue things are furry. If Charlie is furry then Charlie is nice. Rough, round things are white.", + "original_question": "Harry is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-643", + "question": "Bob is kind. Harry is big. Harry is blue. Round people are green. Blue, kind people are big. If someone is blue and big then they are kind. All red people are kind. If Harry is kind and Harry is green then Harry is cold. All red, kind people are green. If Harry is green and Harry is cold then Harry is blue. All blue, big people are round.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Harry is big. Harry is blue. Round people are green. Blue, kind people are big. If someone is blue and big then they are kind. All red people are kind. If Harry is kind and Harry is green then Harry is cold. All red, kind people are green. If Harry is green and Harry is cold then Harry is blue. All blue, big people are round.", + "original_question": "Harry is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-1897", + "question": "Bob is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Gary is quiet. Gary is white. If something is young then it is red. All white things are quiet. Quiet, young things are cold. If Gary is quiet and Gary is green then Gary is young. If something is red then it is green. If Gary is round then Gary is white. White, young things are green. If something is red then it is young.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Gary is quiet. Gary is white. If something is young then it is red. All white things are quiet. Quiet, young things are cold. If Gary is quiet and Gary is green then Gary is young. If something is red then it is green. If Gary is round then Gary is white. White, young things are green. If something is red then it is young.", + "original_question": "Charlie is green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-150", + "question": "The young person who is always feeling cold is named Bob. Eric, who is relatively young, is also pretty big and tends to be cold. Fred may be young but he is nice, wears green shoes and is cold. Harry may be round, but he is also kind. Young people that are turning blue from being cold will be rough looking. Big people with rough, green skin are cold because of it. Kind people that are round are on the big side. Every person I met that was cold and round was also red. People who are young are also blue. When you run into someone who is rough and green at the same time, they will also be red. A cold blue person who is rough is also kind.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The young person who is always feeling cold is named Bob. Eric, who is relatively young, is also pretty big and tends to be cold. Fred may be young but he is nice, wears green shoes and is cold. Harry may be round, but he is also kind. Young people that are turning blue from being cold will be rough looking. Big people with rough, green skin are cold because of it. Kind people that are round are on the big side. Every person I met that was cold and round was also red. People who are young are also blue. When you run into someone who is rough and green at the same time, they will also be red. A cold blue person who is rough is also kind.", + "original_question": "Bob is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-6440", + "question": "Anne is kind. Bob is red. Erin is big. If something is red then it is rough. If something is rough and kind then it is big. Blue things are kind. All big, quiet things are rough. If something is kind and red then it is big. Blue, red things are kind.\n\nQuestion: Bob is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is kind. Bob is red. Erin is big. If something is red then it is rough. If something is rough and kind then it is big. Blue things are kind. All big, quiet things are rough. If something is kind and red then it is big. Blue, red things are kind.", + "original_question": "Bob is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-577", + "question": "Bob is smart. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Harry is white. All red people are round. Round, smart people are cold. If someone is cold and young then they are white. Red people are round. All round, young people are red. If someone is smart then they are rough. Rough, young people are red. If Bob is round then Bob is smart. If Charlie is white and Charlie is rough then Charlie is young.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "Bob is smart. Bob is young. Charlie is cold. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Harry is white. All red people are round. Round, smart people are cold. If someone is cold and young then they are white. Red people are round. All round, young people are red. If someone is smart then they are rough. Rough, young people are red. If Bob is round then Bob is smart. If Charlie is white and Charlie is rough then Charlie is young.", + "original_question": "Bob is not white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-3029", + "question": "The dog eats the tiger. The dog is nice. The lion chases the dog. The lion chases the tiger. The lion eats the tiger. The lion is blue. The lion is cold. The lion likes the dog. The squirrel is blue. The tiger chases the dog. The tiger chases the lion. The tiger chases the squirrel. The tiger eats the dog. The tiger likes the dog. The tiger likes the lion. The tiger likes the squirrel. If someone eats the dog then the dog chases the tiger. If someone chases the squirrel then the squirrel is cold. If the squirrel likes the tiger and the squirrel likes the dog then the squirrel eats the dog. If someone eats the dog and the dog eats the lion then they chase the tiger. If someone is cold and they eat the dog then they are young. If the squirrel is nice then the squirrel likes the dog.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not chase the tiger.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The dog eats the tiger. The dog is nice. The lion chases the dog. The lion chases the tiger. The lion eats the tiger. The lion is blue. The lion is cold. The lion likes the dog. The squirrel is blue. The tiger chases the dog. The tiger chases the lion. The tiger chases the squirrel. The tiger eats the dog. The tiger likes the dog. The tiger likes the lion. The tiger likes the squirrel. If someone eats the dog then the dog chases the tiger. If someone chases the squirrel then the squirrel is cold. If the squirrel likes the tiger and the squirrel likes the dog then the squirrel eats the dog. If someone eats the dog and the dog eats the lion then they chase the tiger. If someone is cold and they eat the dog then they are young. If the squirrel is nice then the squirrel likes the dog.", + "original_question": "The dog does not chase the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-405", + "question": "Alan is a cold and round man who has red and green skin. Dave is green to the job, which is why he turned blue from being so cold. Fred seems to be round. A person who is cold and blue is nice. It seems that a cold person who is round and nice will be green. A nice young person who is big can be considered round. You'll always find rough, cold, green people to also be red people. People that are green and big while also being cold are always nice. Count on anyone you meet who is big, round, and red also being kind. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Alan is a cold and round man who has red and green skin. Dave is green to the job, which is why he turned blue from being so cold. Fred seems to be round. A person who is cold and blue is nice. It seems that a cold person who is round and nice will be green. A nice young person who is big can be considered round. You'll always find rough, cold, green people to also be red people. People that are green and big while also being cold are always nice. Count on anyone you meet who is big, round, and red also being kind. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough.", + "original_question": "Dave is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-3509", + "question": "Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Bob is green. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Bob is smart. Bob is white. White people are cold.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Bob is green. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Bob is smart. Bob is white. White people are cold.", + "original_question": "Bob is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-712", + "question": "The bear chases the dog. The dog is big. The dog needs the bear. If someone is cold and they do not need the bear then they do not like the bear. If someone needs the bear then the bear likes the dog. If someone likes the dog then the dog does not like the bear.\n\nQuestion: The dog likes the bear.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the dog. The dog is big. The dog needs the bear. If someone is cold and they do not need the bear then they do not like the bear. If someone needs the bear then the bear likes the dog. If someone likes the dog then the dog does not like the bear.", + "original_question": "The dog likes the bear." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1107", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is cold. Anne is red. Anne is white. Anne is young. Bob is white. Erin is cold. Fiona is big. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. If someone is cold then they are young. If someone is red and cold then they are big. If someone is furry then they are cold. If someone is nice then they are furry. If someone is big and nice then they are furry. All big people are nice.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is cold. Anne is red. Anne is white. Anne is young. Bob is white. Erin is cold. Fiona is big. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. If someone is cold then they are young. If someone is red and cold then they are big. If someone is furry then they are cold. If someone is nice then they are furry. If someone is big and nice then they are furry. All big people are nice.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-220", + "question": "Rough and cold that is what they say about Blue Bob. That guy Charlie sure is nice. Dave is kind and nice and looks green. Fred seems to be round. If you meet someone with rough skin who is cold from being outside, you'll notice they are nice. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. If someone plays rough and is nice and round, they will be big. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. Most young kind people tend to be red too. A person that is round and somewhat green while being nice tends to be red as well. A nice person is inevitably round as well.\n\nQuestion: Dave is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Rough and cold that is what they say about Blue Bob. That guy Charlie sure is nice. Dave is kind and nice and looks green. Fred seems to be round. If you meet someone with rough skin who is cold from being outside, you'll notice they are nice. Every time you meet someone kind and nice, they'll be green, too. If someone plays rough and is nice and round, they will be big. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. Most young kind people tend to be red too. A person that is round and somewhat green while being nice tends to be red as well. A nice person is inevitably round as well.", + "original_question": "Dave is nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-214", + "question": "The cat chases the rabbit. The cat is kind. The cat is red. The cat is rough. The cat visits the mouse. The mouse chases the cat. The mouse chases the rabbit. The mouse eats the rabbit. The mouse is red. The mouse is rough. The mouse visits the cat. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is red. If something visits the rabbit and it visits the cat then the rabbit chases the cat. If something chases the cat then it visits the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not visit the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat chases the rabbit. The cat is kind. The cat is red. The cat is rough. The cat visits the mouse. The mouse chases the cat. The mouse chases the rabbit. The mouse eats the rabbit. The mouse is red. The mouse is rough. The mouse visits the cat. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit chases the mouse. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is red. If something visits the rabbit and it visits the cat then the rabbit chases the cat. If something chases the cat then it visits the mouse.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not visit the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-438", + "question": "Charlie is round. All blue, smart things are red. Blue, rough things are round. If something is green then it is red. If Charlie is rough then Charlie is green. All round things are smart. All smart, red things are blue. If something is blue and round then it is smart. All smart things are rough.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Charlie is round. All blue, smart things are red. Blue, rough things are round. If something is green then it is red. If Charlie is rough then Charlie is green. All round things are smart. All smart, red things are blue. If something is blue and round then it is smart. All smart things are rough.", + "original_question": "Charlie is green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-2300", + "question": "Anne is furry. Anne is quiet. Anne is round. Anne is white. Dave is green. Dave is quiet. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is smart. If something is furry and white then it is green. White, green things are quiet. If something is green and furry then it is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Anne is quiet. Anne is round. Anne is white. Dave is green. Dave is quiet. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is rough. Gary is round. Gary is smart. If something is furry and white then it is green. White, green things are quiet. If something is green and furry then it is quiet.", + "original_question": "Dave is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-690", + "question": "The bear likes the tiger. The bear does not visit the dog. The dog is not cold. The dog is kind. The dog likes the bear. The dog sees the tiger. The dog visits the tiger. The squirrel is not blue. The squirrel does not like the dog. The squirrel does not like the tiger. The squirrel sees the tiger. The squirrel visits the dog. The tiger is not young. The tiger likes the bear. The tiger likes the squirrel. The tiger sees the squirrel. If the squirrel sees the dog then the dog likes the squirrel. If someone visits the tiger and they visit the dog then they are green. If the bear is kind and the bear sees the dog then the dog likes the bear. If someone is green then they see the dog. If someone sees the tiger then they visit the tiger. If someone likes the squirrel and the squirrel is green then they visit the bear. If someone likes the tiger and they do not like the bear then they are young.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not like the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "The bear likes the tiger. The bear does not visit the dog. The dog is not cold. The dog is kind. The dog likes the bear. The dog sees the tiger. The dog visits the tiger. The squirrel is not blue. The squirrel does not like the dog. The squirrel does not like the tiger. The squirrel sees the tiger. The squirrel visits the dog. The tiger is not young. The tiger likes the bear. The tiger likes the squirrel. The tiger sees the squirrel. If the squirrel sees the dog then the dog likes the squirrel. If someone visits the tiger and they visit the dog then they are green. If the bear is kind and the bear sees the dog then the dog likes the bear. If someone is green then they see the dog. If someone sees the tiger then they visit the tiger. If someone likes the squirrel and the squirrel is green then they visit the bear. If someone likes the tiger and they do not like the bear then they are young.", + "original_question": "The dog does not like the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-7075", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is kind. Anne is quiet. Anne is smart. Anne is white. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Gary is not big. Gary is kind. Gary is quiet. Gary is not red. Gary is not round. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Smart, big things are not red. Kind things are not red. If Bob is round and Bob is white then Bob is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Gary is round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is kind. Anne is quiet. Anne is smart. Anne is white. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Gary is not big. Gary is kind. Gary is quiet. Gary is not red. Gary is not round. Gary is smart. Gary is white. Smart, big things are not red. Kind things are not red. If Bob is round and Bob is white then Bob is quiet.", + "original_question": "Gary is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-296", + "question": "Charlie is furry. Charlie is rough. Charlie is young. Erin is furry. Erin is red. Fiona is big. Fiona is young. Gary is furry. Gary is red. Gary is white. White, rough people are red. All furry people are big. If Erin is red then Erin is furry. If Charlie is blue then Charlie is white. All big people are blue. If Erin is rough and Erin is red then Erin is young.\n\nQuestion: Gary is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is furry. Charlie is rough. Charlie is young. Erin is furry. Erin is red. Fiona is big. Fiona is young. Gary is furry. Gary is red. Gary is white. White, rough people are red. All furry people are big. If Erin is red then Erin is furry. If Charlie is blue then Charlie is white. All big people are blue. If Erin is rough and Erin is red then Erin is young.", + "original_question": "Gary is blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-1131", + "question": "The lion chases the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse is kind. The mouse is round. The mouse needs the lion. If something chases the mouse and it visits the mouse then the mouse visits the lion. If something is blue then it needs the lion. If something needs the lion and it is green then it is round.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not chase the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion chases the mouse. The mouse chases the lion. The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse is kind. The mouse is round. The mouse needs the lion. If something chases the mouse and it visits the mouse then the mouse visits the lion. If something is blue then it needs the lion. If something needs the lion and it is green then it is round.", + "original_question": "The lion does not chase the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-488", + "question": "The cow likes the squirrel. The rabbit chases the squirrel. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is young. The rabbit does not like the squirrel. The squirrel is not kind. The squirrel is not round. If someone likes the squirrel then they like the rabbit. All rough people are young. If someone chases the rabbit and they chase the squirrel then they do not like the cow. If someone needs the rabbit then the rabbit is blue. If someone likes the squirrel then the squirrel is blue. If someone likes the squirrel and they are kind then the squirrel likes the rabbit. Blue people are rough. If the rabbit does not need the squirrel then the rabbit is not rough.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The cow likes the squirrel. The rabbit chases the squirrel. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is young. The rabbit does not like the squirrel. The squirrel is not kind. The squirrel is not round. If someone likes the squirrel then they like the rabbit. All rough people are young. If someone chases the rabbit and they chase the squirrel then they do not like the cow. If someone needs the rabbit then the rabbit is blue. If someone likes the squirrel then the squirrel is blue. If someone likes the squirrel and they are kind then the squirrel likes the rabbit. Blue people are rough. If the rabbit does not need the squirrel then the rabbit is not rough.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-755", + "question": "The bear chases the dog. The bear is big. The bear is rough. The bear sees the tiger. The dog chases the bear. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog is big. The dog is blue. The rabbit is red. The tiger chases the dog. If the rabbit visits the dog then the dog is red. If the dog chases the tiger and the dog is big then the tiger does not see the bear. If the tiger sees the rabbit then the rabbit does not chase the dog. If someone is young then they visit the dog. Red people are young. If someone is rough then they chase the bear.\n\nQuestion: The dog chases the rabbit.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the dog. The bear is big. The bear is rough. The bear sees the tiger. The dog chases the bear. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog is big. The dog is blue. The rabbit is red. The tiger chases the dog. If the rabbit visits the dog then the dog is red. If the dog chases the tiger and the dog is big then the tiger does not see the bear. If the tiger sees the rabbit then the rabbit does not chase the dog. If someone is young then they visit the dog. Red people are young. If someone is rough then they chase the bear.", + "original_question": "The dog chases the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-138", + "question": "The lion is nice. Big things are nice. If something is green then it is red. All red things are big. If the lion is nice then the lion is green. If something is big and not red then it is round. If something is big and not nice then it is round.\n\nQuestion: The lion is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The lion is nice. Big things are nice. If something is green then it is red. All red things are big. If the lion is nice then the lion is green. If something is big and not red then it is round. If something is big and not nice then it is round.", + "original_question": "The lion is green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2261", + "question": "The cow is big. The cow is red. The cow sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cow. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit likes the cow. The rabbit sees the cow. If someone chases the rabbit then they chase the cow. If someone sees the rabbit then they are cold. If someone sees the cow then they chase the cow. Kind people are green. If the rabbit is green then the rabbit likes the cow. If someone sees the rabbit and they like the cow then the rabbit is green. If someone is big and they chase the cow then they chase the rabbit. If someone is red then they chase the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow is big. The cow is red. The cow sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cow. The rabbit is cold. The rabbit likes the cow. The rabbit sees the cow. If someone chases the rabbit then they chase the cow. If someone sees the rabbit then they are cold. If someone sees the cow then they chase the cow. Kind people are green. If the rabbit is green then the rabbit likes the cow. If someone sees the rabbit and they like the cow then the rabbit is green. If someone is big and they chase the cow then they chase the rabbit. If someone is red then they chase the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-382", + "question": "Bob is kind. Bob is red. Bob is round. Charlie is kind. Fiona is not green. Fiona is smart. Gary is round. All round people are quiet. All smart people are round. If someone is furry and not green then they are smart. Quiet people are smart. If someone is kind and quiet then they are not furry. If someone is smart then they are kind. If someone is kind and not furry then they are red.\n\nQuestion: Gary is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Bob is red. Bob is round. Charlie is kind. Fiona is not green. Fiona is smart. Gary is round. All round people are quiet. All smart people are round. If someone is furry and not green then they are smart. Quiet people are smart. If someone is kind and quiet then they are not furry. If someone is smart then they are kind. If someone is kind and not furry then they are red.", + "original_question": "Gary is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-2256", + "question": "Dave is cold. Erin is big. All cold people are big. If someone is young then they are cold. Blue, rough people are young. All big people are cold. If someone is big then they are rough. If someone is cold then they are kind.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is cold. Erin is big. All cold people are big. If someone is young then they are cold. Blue, rough people are young. All big people are cold. If someone is big then they are rough. If someone is cold then they are kind.", + "original_question": "Erin is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-767", + "question": "The cat is not round. The cow is blue. The cow is kind. The cow likes the cat. The cow sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cow. The rabbit is nice. The tiger does not chase the cow. The tiger does not like the rabbit. The tiger sees the rabbit. If something chases the cow then the cow chases the cat. If something chases the rabbit then it is not big. If something likes the cow then the cow is nice. If something is kind then it sees the rabbit. If something chases the cat then the cat likes the cow. If the rabbit chases the tiger then the rabbit does not see the cow. If something is nice and it sees the rabbit then it chases the rabbit. If something is big then it is round.\n\nQuestion: The cat is round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat is not round. The cow is blue. The cow is kind. The cow likes the cat. The cow sees the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cow. The rabbit is nice. The tiger does not chase the cow. The tiger does not like the rabbit. The tiger sees the rabbit. If something chases the cow then the cow chases the cat. If something chases the rabbit then it is not big. If something likes the cow then the cow is nice. If something is kind then it sees the rabbit. If something chases the cat then the cat likes the cow. If the rabbit chases the tiger then the rabbit does not see the cow. If something is nice and it sees the rabbit then it chases the rabbit. If something is big then it is round.", + "original_question": "The cat is round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-2273", + "question": "The rabbit chases the squirrel. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is red. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is round. The rabbit likes the squirrel. The rabbit needs the squirrel. The squirrel chases the rabbit. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is red. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel is round. The squirrel likes the rabbit. The squirrel needs the rabbit. If someone is kind and they chase the squirrel then the squirrel likes the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit likes the squirrel.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The rabbit chases the squirrel. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit is nice. The rabbit is red. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit is round. The rabbit likes the squirrel. The rabbit needs the squirrel. The squirrel chases the rabbit. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel is nice. The squirrel is red. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel is round. The squirrel likes the rabbit. The squirrel needs the rabbit. If someone is kind and they chase the squirrel then the squirrel likes the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The rabbit likes the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-2018", + "question": "The cow likes the rabbit. The rabbit is round. Big things are kind. If something is kind and big then it visits the rabbit. If something is nice then it likes the cow. If something likes the rabbit then the rabbit is nice. If something is big then it is nice. If something is kind then it likes the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow likes the rabbit. The rabbit is round. Big things are kind. If something is kind and big then it visits the rabbit. If something is nice then it likes the cow. If something likes the rabbit then the rabbit is nice. If something is big then it is nice. If something is kind then it likes the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-584", + "question": "Anne is red. Bob is blue. Dave is furry. Erin is cold. If Dave is cold and Dave is red then Dave is big. Big, blue people are cold. Big, furry people are blue. If Anne is smart then Anne is young. If someone is cold then they are blue. Blue, young people are smart. If Bob is young then Bob is smart. Furry people are big.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Anne is red. Bob is blue. Dave is furry. Erin is cold. If Dave is cold and Dave is red then Dave is big. Big, blue people are cold. Big, furry people are blue. If Anne is smart then Anne is young. If someone is cold then they are blue. Blue, young people are smart. If Bob is young then Bob is smart. Furry people are big.", + "original_question": "Dave is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-441", + "question": "Bob is young. Charlie is kind. Charlie is not quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Charlie is not white. Charlie is young. Erin is kind. Erin is quiet. Erin is smart. Erin is not young. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is not rough. Harry is smart. Harry is not white. If something is red and not white then it is smart.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is young. Charlie is kind. Charlie is not quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Charlie is not white. Charlie is young. Erin is kind. Erin is quiet. Erin is smart. Erin is not young. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is not rough. Harry is smart. Harry is not white. If something is red and not white then it is smart.", + "original_question": "Harry is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-51", + "question": "Anne is young. Bob is round. Dave is smart. If someone is young then they are smart. Round, kind people are blue. If Dave is young then Dave is white. Smart people are young. Kind, young people are round. If Dave is white and Dave is young then Dave is round.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Anne is young. Bob is round. Dave is smart. If someone is young then they are smart. Round, kind people are blue. If Dave is young then Dave is white. Smart people are young. Kind, young people are round. If Dave is white and Dave is young then Dave is round.", + "original_question": "Dave is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-467", + "question": "Bob is kind. He is also very cold and blue. Look, we know Dave is young and rough. We have to accept he's also red, nice, cold, and blue. After Harry got wet in the rain, he feels cold. He also looks green but big. Rough, cold people are blue. If a person happens to be big kind and red at the same time they are a young person. A kind person will certainly be rough as well. Do not fear big cold people for they are often kind. A person who is rough and young while being kind tends to be red.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. He is also very cold and blue. Look, we know Dave is young and rough. We have to accept he's also red, nice, cold, and blue. After Harry got wet in the rain, he feels cold. He also looks green but big. Rough, cold people are blue. If a person happens to be big kind and red at the same time they are a young person. A kind person will certainly be rough as well. Do not fear big cold people for they are often kind. A person who is rough and young while being kind tends to be red.", + "original_question": "Harry is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1367", + "question": "The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bear chases the bald eagle. The lion needs the rabbit. The rabbit is nice. If someone is young and they like the bald eagle then the bald eagle is big. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle needs the rabbit then they need the rabbit. If someone needs the rabbit then they need the lion. If someone likes the rabbit then they need the rabbit. If someone chases the rabbit and they need the bald eagle then the bald eagle likes the lion. If someone chases the lion and they like the bald eagle then they like the bear.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle does not like the rabbit.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bear chases the bald eagle. The lion needs the rabbit. The rabbit is nice. If someone is young and they like the bald eagle then the bald eagle is big. If someone chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle needs the rabbit then they need the rabbit. If someone needs the rabbit then they need the lion. If someone likes the rabbit then they need the rabbit. If someone chases the rabbit and they need the bald eagle then the bald eagle likes the lion. If someone chases the lion and they like the bald eagle then they like the bear.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle does not like the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-260", + "question": "Bob is blue. Bob is rough. Bob is young. Charlie is blue. Charlie is nice. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is white. Gary is blue. Gary is nice. Gary is round. Gary is young. All nice, white people are young. All white, rough people are quiet. If Charlie is white then Charlie is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Bob is rough. Bob is young. Charlie is blue. Charlie is nice. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is white. Gary is blue. Gary is nice. Gary is round. Gary is young. All nice, white people are young. All white, rough people are quiet. If Charlie is white then Charlie is quiet.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-25", + "question": "The bear needs the cat. The bear needs the lion. The cat likes the lion. The cat needs the lion. The cat visits the dog. The dog is rough. The dog needs the bear. The lion is not nice. The lion likes the cat. The lion likes the dog. The lion does not need the bear. The lion does not visit the bear. If the cat is rough and the cat visits the lion then the cat is not blue. If something is kind then it needs the cat. If something is blue then it visits the dog. If something visits the cat then it is kind. If something is rough then it is nice. If the bear visits the lion and the lion does not like the bear then the bear needs the dog. If something visits the dog then it visits the cat. If something likes the lion then the lion is blue. If the lion likes the dog and the lion does not need the dog then the lion needs the cat.\n\nQuestion: The lion is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "The bear needs the cat. The bear needs the lion. The cat likes the lion. The cat needs the lion. The cat visits the dog. The dog is rough. The dog needs the bear. The lion is not nice. The lion likes the cat. The lion likes the dog. The lion does not need the bear. The lion does not visit the bear. If the cat is rough and the cat visits the lion then the cat is not blue. If something is kind then it needs the cat. If something is blue then it visits the dog. If something visits the cat then it is kind. If something is rough then it is nice. If the bear visits the lion and the lion does not like the bear then the bear needs the dog. If something visits the dog then it visits the cat. If something likes the lion then the lion is blue. If the lion likes the dog and the lion does not need the dog then the lion needs the cat.", + "original_question": "The lion is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-408", + "question": "Anne is cold. Dave is kind. Gary is young. Harry is white. All cold things are nice. If something is nice then it is white.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Dave is kind. Gary is young. Harry is white. All cold things are nice. If something is nice then it is white.", + "original_question": "Anne is not white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-548", + "question": "Anne is furry. Charlie is quiet. Fiona is cold. If Charlie is quiet then Charlie is white. All quiet people are furry. If someone is smart then they are not furry. If Charlie is cold then Charlie is quiet. If someone is furry and not quiet then they are nice. All furry people are nice.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Charlie is quiet. Fiona is cold. If Charlie is quiet then Charlie is white. All quiet people are furry. If someone is smart then they are not furry. If Charlie is cold then Charlie is quiet. If someone is furry and not quiet then they are nice. All furry people are nice.", + "original_question": "Charlie is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-54", + "question": "Erin is furry. Erin is quiet. Fiona is red. Gary is quiet. Gary is smart. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is nice. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. If Gary is blue then Gary is furry. If someone is nice then they are young. All red people are nice. Young, blue people are quiet. All nice, quiet people are red. If someone is smart and quiet then they are red. All red people are quiet. All red, young people are blue. If Harry is quiet then Harry is furry.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Erin is furry. Erin is quiet. Fiona is red. Gary is quiet. Gary is smart. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is nice. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. If Gary is blue then Gary is furry. If someone is nice then they are young. All red people are nice. Young, blue people are quiet. All nice, quiet people are red. If someone is smart and quiet then they are red. All red people are quiet. All red, young people are blue. If Harry is quiet then Harry is furry.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-375", + "question": "The cat eats the tiger. The cat is round. The cat needs the tiger. The tiger chases the cat. The tiger eats the cat. The tiger is young. The tiger needs the cat. If someone chases the cat and they are big then they need the tiger. If someone is round and they need the tiger then the tiger is big. If someone needs the cat then they eat the cat. If someone is round then they are not young. If the cat is green then the cat is big. If the tiger chases the cat then the cat needs the tiger. If someone chases the cat and they need the tiger then they eat the tiger. If someone is round and they chase the tiger then the tiger eats the cat.\n\nQuestion: The tiger does not chase the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the tiger. The cat is round. The cat needs the tiger. The tiger chases the cat. The tiger eats the cat. The tiger is young. The tiger needs the cat. If someone chases the cat and they are big then they need the tiger. If someone is round and they need the tiger then the tiger is big. If someone needs the cat then they eat the cat. If someone is round then they are not young. If the cat is green then the cat is big. If the tiger chases the cat then the cat needs the tiger. If someone chases the cat and they need the tiger then they eat the tiger. If someone is round and they chase the tiger then the tiger eats the cat.", + "original_question": "The tiger does not chase the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-1695", + "question": "Dave is not smart. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is not round. Erin is smart. Harry is cold. Harry is young. If Dave is white and Dave is young then Dave is kind. If someone is nice then they are young. Smart people are nice. All white, kind people are not nice. All smart people are nice. If someone is smart then they are nice. If Dave is young and Dave is not round then Dave is white. If someone is young then they are smart.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Dave is not smart. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is not round. Erin is smart. Harry is cold. Harry is young. If Dave is white and Dave is young then Dave is kind. If someone is nice then they are young. Smart people are nice. All white, kind people are not nice. All smart people are nice. If someone is smart then they are nice. If Dave is young and Dave is not round then Dave is white. If someone is young then they are smart.", + "original_question": "Erin is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1078", + "question": "Bob is green. Bob is white. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Dave is white. Fiona is big. Fiona is white. Harry is big. Harry is green. Harry is rough. Harry is white. All quiet, red people are green. All rough, quiet people are round. If Fiona is quiet and Fiona is big then Fiona is white. If someone is red then they are quiet. If someone is white and green then they are quiet. If someone is big then they are red. All big, rough people are green. Quiet, rough people are round.\n\nQuestion: Harry is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is green. Bob is white. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Dave is white. Fiona is big. Fiona is white. Harry is big. Harry is green. Harry is rough. Harry is white. All quiet, red people are green. All rough, quiet people are round. If Fiona is quiet and Fiona is big then Fiona is white. If someone is red then they are quiet. If someone is white and green then they are quiet. If someone is big then they are red. All big, rough people are green. Quiet, rough people are round.", + "original_question": "Harry is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-1270", + "question": "Bob is cold. Dave is kind. Dave is young. Gary is big. Gary is cold. Gary is white. Gary is young. Harry is cold. Harry is kind. Harry is white. Harry is young. Smart, young people are furry. All kind, furry people are big. Smart, big people are furry. All white, kind people are young. If someone is furry and big then they are cold. If someone is big then they are furry. All cold, smart people are big. All young people are smart. All cold, young people are white.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Dave is kind. Dave is young. Gary is big. Gary is cold. Gary is white. Gary is young. Harry is cold. Harry is kind. Harry is white. Harry is young. Smart, young people are furry. All kind, furry people are big. Smart, big people are furry. All white, kind people are young. If someone is furry and big then they are cold. If someone is big then they are furry. All cold, smart people are big. All young people are smart. All cold, young people are white.", + "original_question": "Bob is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-5", + "question": "The cow visits the squirrel. The lion is rough. The squirrel likes the tiger. The tiger visits the cow. If something is young and it chases the lion then it likes the squirrel. If something is cold then it likes the cow. If something likes the cow then it likes the tiger. If something is rough then it chases the squirrel. If something visits the cow then it is cold. If the cow does not like the tiger then the cow chases the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The lion chases the squirrel.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow visits the squirrel. The lion is rough. The squirrel likes the tiger. The tiger visits the cow. If something is young and it chases the lion then it likes the squirrel. If something is cold then it likes the cow. If something likes the cow then it likes the tiger. If something is rough then it chases the squirrel. If something visits the cow then it is cold. If the cow does not like the tiger then the cow chases the tiger.", + "original_question": "The lion chases the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-4329", + "question": "The cat is red. The cat is rough. The mouse likes the cat. The mouse sees the cat. The mouse sees the squirrel. The mouse visits the cat. The rabbit is green. The rabbit does not like the mouse. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel likes the mouse. The squirrel likes the rabbit. The squirrel visits the cat. If something likes the rabbit and it is not red then it is not rough. If the mouse likes the squirrel then the mouse is green. If something likes the cat then the cat is not green. If something sees the squirrel and it visits the rabbit then it likes the squirrel. If the rabbit sees the squirrel and the mouse does not see the rabbit then the mouse sees the cat. If something is red then it visits the rabbit. If something visits the squirrel and it does not visit the mouse then the squirrel visits the rabbit. Red, round things are not young.\n\nQuestion: The mouse likes the cat.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat is red. The cat is rough. The mouse likes the cat. The mouse sees the cat. The mouse sees the squirrel. The mouse visits the cat. The rabbit is green. The rabbit does not like the mouse. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel likes the mouse. The squirrel likes the rabbit. The squirrel visits the cat. If something likes the rabbit and it is not red then it is not rough. If the mouse likes the squirrel then the mouse is green. If something likes the cat then the cat is not green. If something sees the squirrel and it visits the rabbit then it likes the squirrel. If the rabbit sees the squirrel and the mouse does not see the rabbit then the mouse sees the cat. If something is red then it visits the rabbit. If something visits the squirrel and it does not visit the mouse then the squirrel visits the rabbit. Red, round things are not young.", + "original_question": "The mouse likes the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-121", + "question": "Erin is big. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Fiona is not blue. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Fiona is green. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Harry is big. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is round. If something is furry then it is cold. If something is blue and cold then it is not rough. Round, cold things are furry.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Erin is big. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Fiona is not blue. Fiona is cold. Fiona is furry. Fiona is green. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Harry is big. Harry is blue. Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is round. If something is furry then it is cold. If something is blue and cold then it is not rough. Round, cold things are furry.", + "original_question": "Harry is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1427", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle eats the cow. The bald eagle is big. The bald eagle visits the cow. The cow is big. The cow is blue. The cow is red. If something chases the bald eagle and it visits the bald eagle then it is young. If the bald eagle eats the cow and the cow visits the bald eagle then the cow is nice. If something is blue then it chases the cow. If the bald eagle visits the cow then the bald eagle is big. If something visits the bald eagle then it eats the cow. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle is young. If the cow visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is red. If something chases the cow then it visits the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The cow does not chase the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle eats the cow. The bald eagle is big. The bald eagle visits the cow. The cow is big. The cow is blue. The cow is red. If something chases the bald eagle and it visits the bald eagle then it is young. If the bald eagle eats the cow and the cow visits the bald eagle then the cow is nice. If something is blue then it chases the cow. If the bald eagle visits the cow then the bald eagle is big. If something visits the bald eagle then it eats the cow. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle is young. If the cow visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is red. If something chases the cow then it visits the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The cow does not chase the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-3610", + "question": "Charlie is round. Gary is rough. If something is red then it is big. If Gary is green then Gary is rough. All rough, big things are round. All round, rough things are red. If something is round and green then it is big. If something is quiet then it is white.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is round. Gary is rough. If something is red then it is big. If Gary is green then Gary is rough. All rough, big things are round. All round, rough things are red. If something is round and green then it is big. If something is quiet then it is white.", + "original_question": "Charlie is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-63", + "question": "The battery is flat. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the bell. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The wire is conducting.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The battery is flat. The switch is on. The wire is metal. The circuit includes the bell. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The wire is conducting." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1525", + "question": "The bear is cold. The dog does not chase the lion. The lion is not blue. The lion likes the squirrel. The squirrel eats the lion. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel does not like the bear. If the squirrel is cold then the squirrel chases the bear. If something chases the bear then the bear eats the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The bear eats the squirrel.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bear is cold. The dog does not chase the lion. The lion is not blue. The lion likes the squirrel. The squirrel eats the lion. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel does not like the bear. If the squirrel is cold then the squirrel chases the bear. If something chases the bear then the bear eats the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The bear eats the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-1105", + "question": "Anne is green. Anne is red. Bob is big. Bob is red. Dave is green. Harry is blue. Harry is green. Furry, big things are red. If something is big then it is rough. If something is blue then it is nice. If something is nice then it is furry. If something is rough then it is blue. If something is nice and furry then it is green.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is green. Anne is red. Bob is big. Bob is red. Dave is green. Harry is blue. Harry is green. Furry, big things are red. If something is big then it is rough. If something is blue then it is nice. If something is nice then it is furry. If something is rough then it is blue. If something is nice and furry then it is green.", + "original_question": "Harry is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-712", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is green. Anne is young. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is green. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Erin is rough. Fiona is furry. Fiona is rough. If something is nice then it is young. Cold, nice things are red. Rough, furry things are nice. All red things are young. If something is cold then it is young. If something is furry and red then it is nice. If something is young then it is green. Cold, nice things are young. Green, furry things are cold.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 5, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is green. Anne is young. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Erin is cold. Erin is furry. Erin is green. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Erin is rough. Fiona is furry. Fiona is rough. If something is nice then it is young. Cold, nice things are red. Rough, furry things are nice. All red things are young. If something is cold then it is young. If something is furry and red then it is nice. If something is young then it is green. Cold, nice things are young. Green, furry things are cold.", + "original_question": "Fiona is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-1400", + "question": "Anne is nice. Gary is furry. If someone is kind and not young then they are nice. Nice people are kind. All kind people are not big.\n\nQuestion: Anne is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Gary is furry. If someone is kind and not young then they are nice. Nice people are kind. All kind people are not big.", + "original_question": "Anne is kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2863", + "question": "The cat chases the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cat. If something is kind and it needs the cat then it is nice. If something sees the cat and the cat sees the rabbit then the rabbit sees the cat. If something chases the cat then it needs the cat. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit sees the cat then the cat chases the rabbit. If something is young and it sees the rabbit then it needs the rabbit. If something sees the cat then it chases the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit does not need the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat chases the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cat. If something is kind and it needs the cat then it is nice. If something sees the cat and the cat sees the rabbit then the rabbit sees the cat. If something chases the cat then it needs the cat. If something chases the rabbit and the rabbit sees the cat then the cat chases the rabbit. If something is young and it sees the rabbit then it needs the rabbit. If something sees the cat then it chases the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The rabbit does not need the cat." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-2004", + "question": "The cat chases the lion. The cat chases the rabbit. The cat eats the rabbit. The cat is green. The lion chases the cat. The lion chases the rabbit. The lion eats the cat. The lion is cold. The lion is red. The lion needs the mouse. The mouse eats the cat. The mouse eats the lion. The rabbit chases the cat. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is cold. If something chases the lion then the lion needs the cat. If something eats the mouse then the mouse is green. If something is cold and it needs the cat then the cat needs the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The cat needs the mouse.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The cat chases the lion. The cat chases the rabbit. The cat eats the rabbit. The cat is green. The lion chases the cat. The lion chases the rabbit. The lion eats the cat. The lion is cold. The lion is red. The lion needs the mouse. The mouse eats the cat. The mouse eats the lion. The rabbit chases the cat. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is cold. If something chases the lion then the lion needs the cat. If something eats the mouse then the mouse is green. If something is cold and it needs the cat then the cat needs the mouse.", + "original_question": "The cat needs the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-1224", + "question": "Fiona is cold. Fiona is nice. Fiona is white. Fiona is young. Harry is blue. Harry is cold. Harry is green. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is young. If something is nice and white then it is red. If Harry is blue and Harry is cold then Harry is green.\n\nQuestion: Harry is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Fiona is cold. Fiona is nice. Fiona is white. Fiona is young. Harry is blue. Harry is cold. Harry is green. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is young. If something is nice and white then it is red. If Harry is blue and Harry is cold then Harry is green.", + "original_question": "Harry is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-179", + "question": "Charlie is round. Charlie is not white. Dave is young. Fiona is round. Gary is furry. Gary is quiet. Gary is young. If someone is young and rough then they are white. All big people are not white. Round people are big.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is round. Charlie is not white. Dave is young. Fiona is round. Gary is furry. Gary is quiet. Gary is young. If someone is young and rough then they are white. All big people are not white. Round people are big.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not white." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-627", + "question": "Anne is furry. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Dave is round. Fiona is cold. Fiona is red. Gary is rough. All round, furry people are red. All nice, red people are furry. All red people are round. If someone is furry and cold then they are rough. Round people are furry. All furry people are red. If Dave is nice and Dave is furry then Dave is green. If Anne is red then Anne is nice.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Dave is cold. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Dave is round. Fiona is cold. Fiona is red. Gary is rough. All round, furry people are red. All nice, red people are furry. All red people are round. If someone is furry and cold then they are rough. Round people are furry. All furry people are red. If Dave is nice and Dave is furry then Dave is green. If Anne is red then Anne is nice.", + "original_question": "Gary is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-6509", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Erin is big. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Fiona is big. Fiona is cold. Fiona is green. Fiona is nice. Fiona is round. Fiona is smart. Big, rough things are smart. If something is green and rough then it is round. All big things are nice. All smart things are round. If something is nice and round then it is cold. If something is big then it is smart.\n\nQuestion: Bob is smart.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Erin is big. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Fiona is big. Fiona is cold. Fiona is green. Fiona is nice. Fiona is round. Fiona is smart. Big, rough things are smart. If something is green and rough then it is round. All big things are nice. All smart things are round. If something is nice and round then it is cold. If something is big then it is smart.", + "original_question": "Bob is smart." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-480", + "question": "The dog eats the mouse. The mouse needs the dog. If the mouse eats the dog then the mouse sees the dog. If someone needs the mouse then the mouse eats the dog. If someone is red then they see the dog. If someone needs the dog and the dog sees the mouse then the dog needs the mouse. If someone eats the dog then the dog eats the mouse. If someone eats the mouse and the mouse needs the dog then the dog needs the mouse. If someone is round then they see the mouse. If someone eats the dog then the dog is round.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not eat the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The dog eats the mouse. The mouse needs the dog. If the mouse eats the dog then the mouse sees the dog. If someone needs the mouse then the mouse eats the dog. If someone is red then they see the dog. If someone needs the dog and the dog sees the mouse then the dog needs the mouse. If someone eats the dog then the dog eats the mouse. If someone eats the mouse and the mouse needs the dog then the dog needs the mouse. If someone is round then they see the mouse. If someone eats the dog then the dog is round.", + "original_question": "The dog does not eat the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-2570", + "question": "The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle likes the squirrel. The squirrel eats the bald eagle. The squirrel is blue. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel likes the bald eagle. The squirrel visits the bald eagle. If something is kind then it visits the squirrel. If something eats the bald eagle and it is blue then the bald eagle likes the squirrel. All round, blue things are kind. If something visits the squirrel then the squirrel visits the bald eagle. If the squirrel is blue then the squirrel likes the bald eagle. If something is round then it eats the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel likes the bald eagle.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is round. The bald eagle likes the squirrel. The squirrel eats the bald eagle. The squirrel is blue. The squirrel is kind. The squirrel likes the bald eagle. The squirrel visits the bald eagle. If something is kind then it visits the squirrel. If something eats the bald eagle and it is blue then the bald eagle likes the squirrel. All round, blue things are kind. If something visits the squirrel then the squirrel visits the bald eagle. If the squirrel is blue then the squirrel likes the bald eagle. If something is round then it eats the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The squirrel likes the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-219", + "question": "When Bob walks around the neighborhood being nice and kind, the closer you get to him you can tell he is blue and red. Gary seems to be round. Harry may be round, but he is also kind. Round people who feel blue and are green in color are often young in age. Any person that's blue, young and green will turn out to be a nice person, too. People who are feeling blue and green are said to be red. A kind young person who is green will be cold. Any person who can be red and blue at the same time is cold. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough. Every single blue and red person who acts sort of rough tends to be green in places.\n\nQuestion: Bob is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "When Bob walks around the neighborhood being nice and kind, the closer you get to him you can tell he is blue and red. Gary seems to be round. Harry may be round, but he is also kind. Round people who feel blue and are green in color are often young in age. Any person that's blue, young and green will turn out to be a nice person, too. People who are feeling blue and green are said to be red. A kind young person who is green will be cold. Any person who can be red and blue at the same time is cold. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough. Every single blue and red person who acts sort of rough tends to be green in places.", + "original_question": "Bob is cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-831", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the cat. The bald eagle chases the dog. The bald eagle does not eat the cat. The bald eagle eats the dog. The cat does not chase the bald eagle. The cat eats the bald eagle. The cat is young. The cat sees the bald eagle. The cat sees the tiger. The dog chases the cat. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog is blue. The tiger chases the bald eagle. The tiger chases the cat. If something is young then it does not chase the cat. If the cat chases the tiger then the tiger is nice. Nice things are big. If something chases the dog and the dog eats the bald eagle then it is nice. If something is big and it chases the cat then the cat chases the dog.\n\nQuestion: The bald eagle is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the cat. The bald eagle chases the dog. The bald eagle does not eat the cat. The bald eagle eats the dog. The cat does not chase the bald eagle. The cat eats the bald eagle. The cat is young. The cat sees the bald eagle. The cat sees the tiger. The dog chases the cat. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog is blue. The tiger chases the bald eagle. The tiger chases the cat. If something is young then it does not chase the cat. If the cat chases the tiger then the tiger is nice. Nice things are big. If something chases the dog and the dog eats the bald eagle then it is nice. If something is big and it chases the cat then the cat chases the dog.", + "original_question": "The bald eagle is nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-537", + "question": "The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle likes the dog. The bald eagle visits the dog. The bald eagle visits the rabbit. The dog visits the bald eagle. The mouse is green. The mouse is round. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The rabbit likes the mouse. If the mouse visits the rabbit and the mouse visits the dog then the mouse eats the rabbit. If something is rough then it is big. If something likes the mouse and the mouse likes the rabbit then it likes the rabbit. If something likes the dog then it visits the dog. If something visits the mouse then it is round. If something is green then it is rough. If something is rough then it is green. If something is big and green then it likes the dog.\n\nQuestion: The mouse visits the dog.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle likes the dog. The bald eagle visits the dog. The bald eagle visits the rabbit. The dog visits the bald eagle. The mouse is green. The mouse is round. The mouse visits the rabbit. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The rabbit likes the mouse. If the mouse visits the rabbit and the mouse visits the dog then the mouse eats the rabbit. If something is rough then it is big. If something likes the mouse and the mouse likes the rabbit then it likes the rabbit. If something likes the dog then it visits the dog. If something visits the mouse then it is round. If something is green then it is rough. If something is rough then it is green. If something is big and green then it likes the dog.", + "original_question": "The mouse visits the dog." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-4597", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Anne is smart. Bob is big. Bob is smart. Dave is blue. Dave is not furry. Dave is green. Dave is not quiet. Dave is not smart. Gary is big. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is smart. If Bob is blue and Bob is not smart then Bob is red. If someone is big then they are quiet. Quiet people are green. All quiet people are blue. If someone is green and furry then they are not red. If someone is big and not smart then they are red. If someone is furry and not quiet then they are red. If Dave is green and Dave is not red then Dave is blue.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Anne is smart. Bob is big. Bob is smart. Dave is blue. Dave is not furry. Dave is green. Dave is not quiet. Dave is not smart. Gary is big. Gary is blue. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is quiet. Gary is smart. If Bob is blue and Bob is not smart then Bob is red. If someone is big then they are quiet. Quiet people are green. All quiet people are blue. If someone is green and furry then they are not red. If someone is big and not smart then they are red. If someone is furry and not quiet then they are red. If Dave is green and Dave is not red then Dave is blue.", + "original_question": "Gary is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1462", + "question": "The rabbit is green. If someone is nice then they are young. All nice people are young. Young people are not big. Young people are not big. If the rabbit is cold and the rabbit is not green then the rabbit is not big. If someone is cold and green then they are nice. All big, young people are nice. All green people are cold.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The rabbit is green. If someone is nice then they are young. All nice people are young. Young people are not big. Young people are not big. If the rabbit is cold and the rabbit is not green then the rabbit is not big. If someone is cold and green then they are nice. All big, young people are nice. All green people are cold.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-568", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the dog. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle sees the tiger. The cat chases the bald eagle. The cat is kind. The cat likes the dog. The cat sees the bald eagle. The cat sees the tiger. The dog is big. The dog likes the tiger. The dog sees the cat. The tiger is cold. The tiger is red. The tiger likes the bald eagle. The tiger sees the bald eagle. If something likes the tiger then it chases the bald eagle. If the tiger chases the dog then the dog chases the cat. If something is round then it chases the dog. If something sees the cat and it chases the bald eagle then it likes the cat. If something is red then it is round. If the dog sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the dog. If something chases the cat then the cat is round.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not chase the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the dog. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle sees the tiger. The cat chases the bald eagle. The cat is kind. The cat likes the dog. The cat sees the bald eagle. The cat sees the tiger. The dog is big. The dog likes the tiger. The dog sees the cat. The tiger is cold. The tiger is red. The tiger likes the bald eagle. The tiger sees the bald eagle. If something likes the tiger then it chases the bald eagle. If the tiger chases the dog then the dog chases the cat. If something is round then it chases the dog. If something sees the cat and it chases the bald eagle then it likes the cat. If something is red then it is round. If the dog sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the dog. If something chases the cat then the cat is round.", + "original_question": "The dog does not chase the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-1443", + "question": "Anne is not green. Anne is kind. Anne is red. Anne is round. Anne is not smart. Anne is white. Anne is young. If something is smart then it is white. If Anne is young and Anne is not smart then Anne is white.\n\nQuestion: Anne is smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is not green. Anne is kind. Anne is red. Anne is round. Anne is not smart. Anne is white. Anne is young. If something is smart then it is white. If Anne is young and Anne is not smart then Anne is white.", + "original_question": "Anne is smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-836", + "question": "Charlie is white. Dave is cold. All quiet things are cold. If Charlie is rough then Charlie is green. If something is round and rough then it is quiet. If Dave is cold and Dave is white then Dave is round. If something is white then it is quiet. If something is quiet then it is round.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is white. Dave is cold. All quiet things are cold. If Charlie is rough then Charlie is green. If something is round and rough then it is quiet. If Dave is cold and Dave is white then Dave is round. If something is white then it is quiet. If something is quiet then it is round.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1071", + "question": "Bob is blue. Bob is quiet. Charlie is quiet. Fiona is not blue. Fiona is green. Fiona is not smart. Gary is green. If someone is kind and not quiet then they are rough. Quiet people are not smart. Quiet people are kind. If Gary is smart and Gary is blue then Gary is rough. If someone is quiet and not smart then they are green. If someone is green then they are big. All blue people are big. If someone is smart then they are not big.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Bob is quiet. Charlie is quiet. Fiona is not blue. Fiona is green. Fiona is not smart. Gary is green. If someone is kind and not quiet then they are rough. Quiet people are not smart. Quiet people are kind. If Gary is smart and Gary is blue then Gary is rough. If someone is quiet and not smart then they are green. If someone is green then they are big. All blue people are big. If someone is smart then they are not big.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-287", + "question": "Bob is a young, round shaped young man who is also very cold. Charlie is a young, round shaped young man who is also very cold. Eric is still young, yet very big and plays rough. He has red hair with green eyes, and nice skin tone. Rough people who are red in color and big are usally round in shape. All those who are nice and big are red. If you pass someone who is red and round and kind, you'll notice they act in a cold manner. A big and round individual is sure to be a kind individual, too. People who are young and blue are also red. People that are green and big while also being cold are always nice. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is a young, round shaped young man who is also very cold. Charlie is a young, round shaped young man who is also very cold. Eric is still young, yet very big and plays rough. He has red hair with green eyes, and nice skin tone. Rough people who are red in color and big are usally round in shape. All those who are nice and big are red. If you pass someone who is red and round and kind, you'll notice they act in a cold manner. A big and round individual is sure to be a kind individual, too. People who are young and blue are also red. People that are green and big while also being cold are always nice. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough.", + "original_question": "Charlie is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-554", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bear chases the lion. The bear does not eat the bald eagle. The bear eats the lion. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow chases the lion. The cow likes the bald eagle. The lion is rough. The lion likes the bald eagle. If something is rough then it eats the cow. If something likes the cow then it eats the cow. If something likes the cow then it likes the lion. If something is cold then it likes the lion. If the bear is cold and the bear eats the lion then the bear chases the cow. If something is round and not big then it does not eat the bald eagle. If the bald eagle likes the bear and the bear chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle chases the bear. If something is rough and it chases the cow then the cow is rough. If something eats the cow then it chases the cow.\n\nQuestion: The lion does not chase the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle likes the lion. The bear chases the lion. The bear does not eat the bald eagle. The bear eats the lion. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow chases the lion. The cow likes the bald eagle. The lion is rough. The lion likes the bald eagle. If something is rough then it eats the cow. If something likes the cow then it eats the cow. If something likes the cow then it likes the lion. If something is cold then it likes the lion. If the bear is cold and the bear eats the lion then the bear chases the cow. If something is round and not big then it does not eat the bald eagle. If the bald eagle likes the bear and the bear chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle chases the bear. If something is rough and it chases the cow then the cow is rough. If something eats the cow then it chases the cow.", + "original_question": "The lion does not chase the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1675", + "question": "Harry is cold. If something is smart and furry then it is red. Green, furry things are not red. All cold things are kind. If something is red and not green then it is kind. If Harry is quiet then Harry is red. If Harry is kind then Harry is quiet. All furry things are cold. Furry, green things are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Harry is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Harry is cold. If something is smart and furry then it is red. Green, furry things are not red. All cold things are kind. If something is red and not green then it is kind. If Harry is quiet then Harry is red. If Harry is kind then Harry is quiet. All furry things are cold. Furry, green things are quiet.", + "original_question": "Harry is kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-570", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is red. Charlie is big. Erin is nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is red. Fiona is cold. Fiona is kind. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. If someone is quiet then they are furry. Kind, nice people are red. All big people are quiet. If someone is kind then they are cold. All nice, furry people are red. If someone is nice and red then they are kind. Big people are nice. Kind people are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is red. Charlie is big. Erin is nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is red. Fiona is cold. Fiona is kind. Fiona is nice. Fiona is red. If someone is quiet then they are furry. Kind, nice people are red. All big people are quiet. If someone is kind then they are cold. All nice, furry people are red. If someone is nice and red then they are kind. Big people are nice. Kind people are quiet.", + "original_question": "Fiona is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-150", + "question": "The young person who is always feeling cold is named Bob. Eric, who is relatively young, is also pretty big and tends to be cold. Fred may be young but he is nice, wears green shoes and is cold. Harry may be round, but he is also kind. Young people that are turning blue from being cold will be rough looking. Big people with rough, green skin are cold because of it. Kind people that are round are on the big side. Every person I met that was cold and round was also red. People who are young are also blue. When you run into someone who is rough and green at the same time, they will also be red. A cold blue person who is rough is also kind.\n\nQuestion: Harry is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The young person who is always feeling cold is named Bob. Eric, who is relatively young, is also pretty big and tends to be cold. Fred may be young but he is nice, wears green shoes and is cold. Harry may be round, but he is also kind. Young people that are turning blue from being cold will be rough looking. Big people with rough, green skin are cold because of it. Kind people that are round are on the big side. Every person I met that was cold and round was also red. People who are young are also blue. When you run into someone who is rough and green at the same time, they will also be red. A cold blue person who is rough is also kind.", + "original_question": "Harry is big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-322", + "question": "Alan can be kind but he will talks so much his face turns blue. He is usually red and round other than that. Bob seems big and rough, but he's actually quite kind. After Eric got wet in the rain, he feels cold. He also looks green but big. For being so cold, it's good Harry can remain nice. A person who is feeling rough, has red cheeks and feeling green will also tend to feel blue. Young and rough people will most certainly be red. A kind person who looks blue because he is is cold is usually big in stature. Rough people who look red are cold. When somebody is red, blue and round, you can bet they are also rough.\n\nQuestion: Bob is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Alan can be kind but he will talks so much his face turns blue. He is usually red and round other than that. Bob seems big and rough, but he's actually quite kind. After Eric got wet in the rain, he feels cold. He also looks green but big. For being so cold, it's good Harry can remain nice. A person who is feeling rough, has red cheeks and feeling green will also tend to feel blue. Young and rough people will most certainly be red. A kind person who looks blue because he is is cold is usually big in stature. Rough people who look red are cold. When somebody is red, blue and round, you can bet they are also rough.", + "original_question": "Bob is big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-372", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is red. Fiona is big. Fiona is not round. Fiona is smart. Gary is furry. Gary is smart. If Anne is big and Anne is furry then Anne is blue. If someone is white then they are round. If Anne is blue then Anne is white. All red, big people are white. All white people are furry. If someone is furry then they are smart. If Gary is blue and Gary is not big then Gary is smart. If Fiona is red and Fiona is not furry then Fiona is smart.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is red. Fiona is big. Fiona is not round. Fiona is smart. Gary is furry. Gary is smart. If Anne is big and Anne is furry then Anne is blue. If someone is white then they are round. If Anne is blue then Anne is white. All red, big people are white. All white people are furry. If someone is furry then they are smart. If Gary is blue and Gary is not big then Gary is smart. If Fiona is red and Fiona is not furry then Fiona is smart.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-656", + "question": "Anne is smart. Charlie is not blue. Charlie is quiet. Erin is not nice. Erin is round. Harry is green. Harry is young. Smart things are green. If Anne is round then Anne is young. If something is blue and green then it is not quiet. If something is green and smart then it is round. If something is young then it is blue. Smart things are nice. If Harry is quiet and Harry is not smart then Harry is young.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is smart. Charlie is not blue. Charlie is quiet. Erin is not nice. Erin is round. Harry is green. Harry is young. Smart things are green. If Anne is round then Anne is young. If something is blue and green then it is not quiet. If something is green and smart then it is round. If something is young then it is blue. Smart things are nice. If Harry is quiet and Harry is not smart then Harry is young.", + "original_question": "Harry is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-431", + "question": "Bob is a red, rough, green and blue man. Eric is a big fellow, often blue and sad, but he is nice. Gary is a kind person and he is also often cold. Harry seems to be round. When rough and kind can describe a person, then cold will describe them, too. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. Someone with rough and green feet is invariably kind. A big round young person is often blue. A kind person who looks blue because he is is cold is usually big in stature. Green folks who are nice and rough are a round shape.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is a red, rough, green and blue man. Eric is a big fellow, often blue and sad, but he is nice. Gary is a kind person and he is also often cold. Harry seems to be round. When rough and kind can describe a person, then cold will describe them, too. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. Someone with rough and green feet is invariably kind. A big round young person is often blue. A kind person who looks blue because he is is cold is usually big in stature. Green folks who are nice and rough are a round shape.", + "original_question": "Bob is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1670", + "question": "Anne is furry. Anne is green. Anne is kind. Anne is quiet. Anne is white. Anne is young. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Bob is white. Bob is young. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is kind. Gary is quiet. Gary is smart. Gary is white. All green people are kind. If someone is green and kind then they are quiet. If someone is kind and green then they are smart. White, young people are furry. If someone is green and smart then they are quiet. All furry people are green.\n\nQuestion: Bob is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Anne is green. Anne is kind. Anne is quiet. Anne is white. Anne is young. Bob is kind. Bob is quiet. Bob is white. Bob is young. Gary is furry. Gary is green. Gary is kind. Gary is quiet. Gary is smart. Gary is white. All green people are kind. If someone is green and kind then they are quiet. If someone is kind and green then they are smart. White, young people are furry. If someone is green and smart then they are quiet. All furry people are green.", + "original_question": "Bob is green." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-316", + "question": "Dave seems to be round. No one knows Fred like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Gary is a kind person and he is also often cold. Harry is round but he is also nice and kind. A person with big, round, kind face appears to be rough around the edges because they are naive. All young and kind people that feel blue are described as red. Round young people, red with loveliness, are very cold towards others. A person that is round and somewhat green while being nice tends to be red as well. People who are young are also blue. I bet anyone who is round and kind is also pretty young.\n\nQuestion: Fred is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "Dave seems to be round. No one knows Fred like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Gary is a kind person and he is also often cold. Harry is round but he is also nice and kind. A person with big, round, kind face appears to be rough around the edges because they are naive. All young and kind people that feel blue are described as red. Round young people, red with loveliness, are very cold towards others. A person that is round and somewhat green while being nice tends to be red as well. People who are young are also blue. I bet anyone who is round and kind is also pretty young.", + "original_question": "Fred is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-66", + "question": "Bob is not blue. Dave is red. Gary is red. Harry is nice. If Gary is not rough then Gary is white. If something is red then it is round. If Dave is white then Dave is not furry. All white things are blue. Rough, red things are not nice. If something is furry then it is nice. All red, round things are furry. If something is round and not blue then it is furry.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is not blue. Dave is red. Gary is red. Harry is nice. If Gary is not rough then Gary is white. If something is red then it is round. If Dave is white then Dave is not furry. All white things are blue. Rough, red things are not nice. If something is furry then it is nice. All red, round things are furry. If something is round and not blue then it is furry.", + "original_question": "Bob is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-2004", + "question": "The cat chases the lion. The cat chases the rabbit. The cat eats the rabbit. The cat is green. The lion chases the cat. The lion chases the rabbit. The lion eats the cat. The lion is cold. The lion is red. The lion needs the mouse. The mouse eats the cat. The mouse eats the lion. The rabbit chases the cat. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is cold. If something chases the lion then the lion needs the cat. If something eats the mouse then the mouse is green. If something is cold and it needs the cat then the cat needs the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not need the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The cat chases the lion. The cat chases the rabbit. The cat eats the rabbit. The cat is green. The lion chases the cat. The lion chases the rabbit. The lion eats the cat. The lion is cold. The lion is red. The lion needs the mouse. The mouse eats the cat. The mouse eats the lion. The rabbit chases the cat. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit is cold. If something chases the lion then the lion needs the cat. If something eats the mouse then the mouse is green. If something is cold and it needs the cat then the cat needs the mouse.", + "original_question": "The cat does not need the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-64", + "question": "Anne is quiet. Anne is smart. Anne is white. Anne is not young. Bob is young. Erin is not young. Fiona is big. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is red. Fiona is smart. White people are quiet. If someone is young then they are big. Young, smart people are round. Smart, quiet people are round. All quiet, big people are red. If Anne is big and Anne is young then Anne is round. Big people are smart. All smart people are white.\n\nQuestion: Bob is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "Anne is quiet. Anne is smart. Anne is white. Anne is not young. Bob is young. Erin is not young. Fiona is big. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is red. Fiona is smart. White people are quiet. If someone is young then they are big. Young, smart people are round. Smart, quiet people are round. All quiet, big people are red. If Anne is big and Anne is young then Anne is round. Big people are smart. All smart people are white.", + "original_question": "Bob is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-647", + "question": "Bob is green. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Dave is smart. Harry is green. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. Harry is smart. If Harry is quiet then Harry is nice. Green things are nice. If something is green and nice then it is cold. If Harry is cold then Harry is red. Cold things are green. All cold things are furry.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Bob is green. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Dave is smart. Harry is green. Harry is quiet. Harry is red. Harry is smart. If Harry is quiet then Harry is nice. Green things are nice. If something is green and nice then it is cold. If Harry is cold then Harry is red. Cold things are green. All cold things are furry.", + "original_question": "Bob is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-5790", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Anne is green. Anne is not nice. Anne is not rough. Anne is young. All green, big people are furry. If someone is blue and not young then they are nice.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Anne is green. Anne is not nice. Anne is not rough. Anne is young. All green, big people are furry. If someone is blue and not young then they are nice.", + "original_question": "Anne is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1591", + "question": "Charlie is big. Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Dave is big. Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Erin is big. Erin is blue. Erin is round. Quiet, round things are green. All big things are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Charlie is big. Charlie is cold. Charlie is green. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Dave is big. Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Dave is green. Dave is quiet. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Erin is big. Erin is blue. Erin is round. Quiet, round things are green. All big things are quiet.", + "original_question": "Erin is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1470", + "question": "Anne is green. Harry is cold. If Harry is young then Harry is kind. All furry people are kind. If someone is kind and furry then they are cold. If someone is green then they are young. If someone is smart and furry then they are not young. Green people are furry.\n\nQuestion: Anne is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is green. Harry is cold. If Harry is young then Harry is kind. All furry people are kind. If someone is kind and furry then they are cold. If someone is green then they are young. If someone is smart and furry then they are not young. Green people are furry.", + "original_question": "Anne is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1631", + "question": "Bob is big. All quiet things are not green. Round things are green. If something is green and quiet then it is not big. All big things are round. If something is quiet and not blue then it is round. If Bob is green then Bob is nice.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. All quiet things are not green. Round things are green. If something is green and quiet then it is not big. All big things are round. If something is quiet and not blue then it is round. If Bob is green then Bob is nice.", + "original_question": "Bob is not big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-327", + "question": "The bald eagle does not chase the rabbit. The bald eagle is not big. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The rabbit does not chase the bald eagle. The rabbit is red. The rabbit is not rough. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. If something is rough then it is big. If the rabbit sees the bald eagle and the rabbit does not chase the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the rabbit. If something likes the rabbit and it does not see the bald eagle then it likes the bald eagle. If something likes the rabbit then the rabbit is big. If something chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the rabbit then it chases the rabbit. All big things are cold. If the bald eagle is rough then the bald eagle chases the rabbit. If the rabbit sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle does not like the rabbit then the bald eagle is rough.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle does not chase the rabbit. The bald eagle is not big. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle likes the rabbit. The bald eagle sees the rabbit. The rabbit does not chase the bald eagle. The rabbit is red. The rabbit is not rough. The rabbit likes the bald eagle. The rabbit sees the bald eagle. If something is rough then it is big. If the rabbit sees the bald eagle and the rabbit does not chase the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the rabbit. If something likes the rabbit and it does not see the bald eagle then it likes the bald eagle. If something likes the rabbit then the rabbit is big. If something chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the rabbit then it chases the rabbit. All big things are cold. If the bald eagle is rough then the bald eagle chases the rabbit. If the rabbit sees the bald eagle and the bald eagle does not like the rabbit then the bald eagle is rough.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-398", + "question": "No one knows Alan like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Eric may be round, but he is also kind. Fred has a round shape and is known to be cold and rough around the edges; however, he can also be kind. That guy Harry sure is nice. People who have green body paint and act kind to others are quite young. Young, red people are usually quite blue too. Rough and big people are always also cold people. You must be aware of big, red, young people being rough. Big people with rough, green skin are cold because of it. A kind person will certainly be young. A person who is rough and young while being kind tends to be red.\n\nQuestion: Fred is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "No one knows Alan like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. Eric may be round, but he is also kind. Fred has a round shape and is known to be cold and rough around the edges; however, he can also be kind. That guy Harry sure is nice. People who have green body paint and act kind to others are quite young. Young, red people are usually quite blue too. Rough and big people are always also cold people. You must be aware of big, red, young people being rough. Big people with rough, green skin are cold because of it. A kind person will certainly be young. A person who is rough and young while being kind tends to be red.", + "original_question": "Fred is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-194", + "question": "The bald eagle likes the cat. The bald eagle likes the cow. The bald eagle visits the cow. The bear needs the cow. The cat likes the bear. The cat needs the bear. The cat visits the bald eagle. The cow is round. The cow likes the bear. The cow visits the bald eagle. If someone needs the bald eagle then the bald eagle is cold. If someone is rough then they visit the bear. If someone likes the cat then the cat needs the bear. If someone likes the bear then they like the bald eagle. If someone is rough and round then they need the bear. If someone needs the cow then they visit the cow. If someone likes the bald eagle then they visit the bear. If someone needs the cow and the cow visits the bear then the cow needs the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cat likes the bald eagle.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle likes the cat. The bald eagle likes the cow. The bald eagle visits the cow. The bear needs the cow. The cat likes the bear. The cat needs the bear. The cat visits the bald eagle. The cow is round. The cow likes the bear. The cow visits the bald eagle. If someone needs the bald eagle then the bald eagle is cold. If someone is rough then they visit the bear. If someone likes the cat then the cat needs the bear. If someone likes the bear then they like the bald eagle. If someone is rough and round then they need the bear. If someone needs the cow then they visit the cow. If someone likes the bald eagle then they visit the bear. If someone needs the cow and the cow visits the bear then the cow needs the cat.", + "original_question": "The cat likes the bald eagle." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-1969", + "question": "Anne is blue. Bob is quiet. Charlie is not cold. Erin is blue. If something is smart and not kind then it is not nice. Cold things are nice. If something is smart and not kind then it is cold. Smart things are not cold. All quiet things are smart. If Charlie is nice and Charlie is kind then Charlie is rough.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Bob is quiet. Charlie is not cold. Erin is blue. If something is smart and not kind then it is not nice. Cold things are nice. If something is smart and not kind then it is cold. Smart things are not cold. All quiet things are smart. If Charlie is nice and Charlie is kind then Charlie is rough.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-4543", + "question": "The bear does not chase the cow. The bear chases the dog. The bear is blue. The bear is not green. The bear visits the dog. The cow is not young. The cow does not visit the dog. The dog does not need the tiger. The dog visits the bear. The tiger visits the dog. If something chases the tiger then it is young. If something visits the dog and it is not big then it is rough. If something visits the cow and it is not young then it visits the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not visit the bear.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear does not chase the cow. The bear chases the dog. The bear is blue. The bear is not green. The bear visits the dog. The cow is not young. The cow does not visit the dog. The dog does not need the tiger. The dog visits the bear. The tiger visits the dog. If something chases the tiger then it is young. If something visits the dog and it is not big then it is rough. If something visits the cow and it is not young then it visits the tiger.", + "original_question": "The dog does not visit the bear." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1393", + "question": "Charlie is smart. Fiona is quiet. Gary is round. Harry is smart. If Fiona is blue then Fiona is cold. Green, blue things are young. All smart, round things are quiet. If something is round and cold then it is green. Cold things are young. If something is quiet then it is blue.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Charlie is smart. Fiona is quiet. Gary is round. Harry is smart. If Fiona is blue then Fiona is cold. Green, blue things are young. All smart, round things are quiet. If something is round and cold then it is green. Cold things are young. If something is quiet then it is blue.", + "original_question": "Fiona is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-289", + "question": "Anne is furry. Charlie is furry. Dave is not red. Gary is not white. All big, young people are white. Furry people are white. If someone is big and not young then they are red. White, furry people are red. Red people are not round. All red, big people are cold. All red people are furry. If Gary is white and Gary is not young then Gary is big.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not white.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is furry. Charlie is furry. Dave is not red. Gary is not white. All big, young people are white. Furry people are white. If someone is big and not young then they are red. White, furry people are red. Red people are not round. All red, big people are cold. All red people are furry. If Gary is white and Gary is not young then Gary is big.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1427", + "question": "The cat eats the rabbit. The rabbit eats the tiger. The tiger sees the cat. If the tiger does not see the rabbit then the tiger is round. If the cat needs the tiger then the tiger is round. If something needs the cat then the cat does not need the tiger. If something sees the tiger then the tiger is big. If the tiger is round then the tiger needs the rabbit. If something eats the rabbit then it needs the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The tiger needs the rabbit.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the rabbit. The rabbit eats the tiger. The tiger sees the cat. If the tiger does not see the rabbit then the tiger is round. If the cat needs the tiger then the tiger is round. If something needs the cat then the cat does not need the tiger. If something sees the tiger then the tiger is big. If the tiger is round then the tiger needs the rabbit. If something eats the rabbit then it needs the tiger.", + "original_question": "The tiger needs the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1631", + "question": "Bob is big. All quiet things are not green. Round things are green. If something is green and quiet then it is not big. All big things are round. If something is quiet and not blue then it is round. If Bob is green then Bob is nice.\n\nQuestion: Bob is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. All quiet things are not green. Round things are green. If something is green and quiet then it is not big. All big things are round. If something is quiet and not blue then it is round. If Bob is green then Bob is nice.", + "original_question": "Bob is big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-267", + "question": "Anne is red. Fiona is furry. Gary is quiet. Big, round people are white. Red people are not white. If Fiona is rough and Fiona is white then Fiona is big. All quiet people are big. Rough, quiet people are red. If someone is quiet and not rough then they are furry. If someone is quiet and big then they are furry. Furry people are round.\n\nQuestion: Gary is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is red. Fiona is furry. Gary is quiet. Big, round people are white. Red people are not white. If Fiona is rough and Fiona is white then Fiona is big. All quiet people are big. Rough, quiet people are red. If someone is quiet and not rough then they are furry. If someone is quiet and big then they are furry. Furry people are round.", + "original_question": "Gary is furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-995", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is kind. Anne is round. Dave is big. Dave is young. Gary is green. Harry is young. Kind things are cold. If Dave is big then Dave is kind. If something is young then it is cold. Round, cold things are big. All kind, young things are smart. Kind, green things are round. Young, round things are green. If Harry is young and Harry is cold then Harry is green. Young, green things are kind.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is kind. Anne is round. Dave is big. Dave is young. Gary is green. Harry is young. Kind things are cold. If Dave is big then Dave is kind. If something is young then it is cold. Round, cold things are big. All kind, young things are smart. Kind, green things are round. Young, round things are green. If Harry is young and Harry is cold then Harry is green. Young, green things are kind.", + "original_question": "Anne is not big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-712", + "question": "Bob is not big. Erin is rough. Gary is big. Gary is not furry. Gary is not young. Harry is quiet. Harry is young. All young, nice people are not big. If someone is smart then they are furry. If someone is furry and smart then they are rough. All big, smart people are nice. All rough, nice people are young. If someone is young then they are smart.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is not big. Erin is rough. Gary is big. Gary is not furry. Gary is not young. Harry is quiet. Harry is young. All young, nice people are not big. If someone is smart then they are furry. If someone is furry and smart then they are rough. All big, smart people are nice. All rough, nice people are young. If someone is young then they are smart.", + "original_question": "Harry is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1522", + "question": "Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Erin is red. If someone is furry then they are round. If Bob is nice and Bob is big then Bob is smart. All red people are furry. If someone is furry and big then they are round. If someone is red and round then they are nice. All big, cold people are red. All furry people are red. All big people are cold.\n\nQuestion: Erin is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Bob is furry. Bob is nice. Bob is red. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Erin is red. If someone is furry then they are round. If Bob is nice and Bob is big then Bob is smart. All red people are furry. If someone is furry and big then they are round. If someone is red and round then they are nice. All big, cold people are red. All furry people are red. All big people are cold.", + "original_question": "Erin is nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-6192", + "question": "The lion is cold. The lion is green. The lion is nice. The lion is rough. The lion is young. All young, cold things are green. All rough, green things are cold. If the lion is young and the lion is nice then the lion is cold. If the lion is young then the lion is green. Cold things are green. All young, cold things are rough.\n\nQuestion: The lion is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion is cold. The lion is green. The lion is nice. The lion is rough. The lion is young. All young, cold things are green. All rough, green things are cold. If the lion is young and the lion is nice then the lion is cold. If the lion is young then the lion is green. Cold things are green. All young, cold things are rough.", + "original_question": "The lion is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-568", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the dog. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle sees the tiger. The cat chases the bald eagle. The cat is kind. The cat likes the dog. The cat sees the bald eagle. The cat sees the tiger. The dog is big. The dog likes the tiger. The dog sees the cat. The tiger is cold. The tiger is red. The tiger likes the bald eagle. The tiger sees the bald eagle. If something likes the tiger then it chases the bald eagle. If the tiger chases the dog then the dog chases the cat. If something is round then it chases the dog. If something sees the cat and it chases the bald eagle then it likes the cat. If something is red then it is round. If the dog sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the dog. If something chases the cat then the cat is round.\n\nQuestion: The dog chases the cat.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the dog. The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle is red. The bald eagle sees the tiger. The cat chases the bald eagle. The cat is kind. The cat likes the dog. The cat sees the bald eagle. The cat sees the tiger. The dog is big. The dog likes the tiger. The dog sees the cat. The tiger is cold. The tiger is red. The tiger likes the bald eagle. The tiger sees the bald eagle. If something likes the tiger then it chases the bald eagle. If the tiger chases the dog then the dog chases the cat. If something is round then it chases the dog. If something sees the cat and it chases the bald eagle then it likes the cat. If something is red then it is round. If the dog sees the bald eagle then the bald eagle sees the dog. If something chases the cat then the cat is round.", + "original_question": "The dog chases the cat." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1730", + "question": "The lion is big. The lion is cold. The lion is red. Cold, blue things are kind. All big, blue things are red. If something is kind and big then it is red. If something is kind and big then it is red. Big things are blue. Blue things are cold. All kind things are cold. If the lion is cold then the lion is red.\n\nQuestion: The lion is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion is big. The lion is cold. The lion is red. Cold, blue things are kind. All big, blue things are red. If something is kind and big then it is red. If something is kind and big then it is red. Big things are blue. Blue things are cold. All kind things are cold. If the lion is cold then the lion is red.", + "original_question": "The lion is not red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-1478", + "question": "Dave is cold. Dave is quiet. Dave is round. If Dave is big then Dave is quiet. Quiet people are red. If someone is quiet then they are cold. If Dave is young then Dave is cold. All round, red people are cold. If Dave is round and Dave is quiet then Dave is red.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Dave is cold. Dave is quiet. Dave is round. If Dave is big then Dave is quiet. Quiet people are red. If someone is quiet then they are cold. If Dave is young then Dave is cold. All round, red people are cold. If Dave is round and Dave is quiet then Dave is red.", + "original_question": "Dave is not round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-592", + "question": "The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle is not young. The bald eagle does not like the lion. The lion likes the tiger. The lion needs the bald eagle. The tiger is rough. The tiger likes the bald eagle. If someone is young and they do not need the bald eagle then they are blue. If someone needs the bald eagle and the bald eagle is young then they are blue. If someone likes the lion and the lion needs the bald eagle then the lion needs the tiger. If someone needs the tiger then they do not like the bald eagle. If someone likes the tiger then the tiger likes the lion. If someone needs the bald eagle and the bald eagle likes the lion then they do not like the lion.\n\nQuestion: The tiger likes the lion.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle is not young. The bald eagle does not like the lion. The lion likes the tiger. The lion needs the bald eagle. The tiger is rough. The tiger likes the bald eagle. If someone is young and they do not need the bald eagle then they are blue. If someone needs the bald eagle and the bald eagle is young then they are blue. If someone likes the lion and the lion needs the bald eagle then the lion needs the tiger. If someone needs the tiger then they do not like the bald eagle. If someone likes the tiger then the tiger likes the lion. If someone needs the bald eagle and the bald eagle likes the lion then they do not like the lion.", + "original_question": "The tiger likes the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-240", + "question": "Anne is round. Anne is young. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Dave is blue. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Dave is white. Erin is smart. If someone is round and blue then they are white. Kind people are blue. All round people are kind. White, round people are young. All round, kind people are smart. If Bob is young and Bob is blue then Bob is furry. Furry people are young.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "Anne is round. Anne is young. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Dave is blue. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Dave is white. Erin is smart. If someone is round and blue then they are white. Kind people are blue. All round people are kind. White, round people are young. All round, kind people are smart. If Bob is young and Bob is blue then Bob is furry. Furry people are young.", + "original_question": "Bob is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1128", + "question": "The bear needs the cat. The bear needs the dog. The bear visits the dog. The cat is cold. The cat is red. The cat needs the bear. The cat sees the dog. The cat does not visit the dog. The dog is not red. The dog sees the bear. If someone sees the bear and they need the bear then they are not round. If someone visits the dog then the dog visits the cat. If someone visits the cat and the cat sees the dog then the cat sees the bear. If someone visits the dog then the dog sees the bear. If someone visits the bear and they see the cat then the bear visits the dog. If the cat does not see the dog and the cat is not big then the cat visits the dog.\n\nQuestion: The cat is not round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear needs the cat. The bear needs the dog. The bear visits the dog. The cat is cold. The cat is red. The cat needs the bear. The cat sees the dog. The cat does not visit the dog. The dog is not red. The dog sees the bear. If someone sees the bear and they need the bear then they are not round. If someone visits the dog then the dog visits the cat. If someone visits the cat and the cat sees the dog then the cat sees the bear. If someone visits the dog then the dog sees the bear. If someone visits the bear and they see the cat then the bear visits the dog. If the cat does not see the dog and the cat is not big then the cat visits the dog.", + "original_question": "The cat is not round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-1579", + "question": "The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse is rough. The mouse is round. The mouse is young. The mouse likes the tiger. The mouse sees the tiger. The mouse visits the tiger. The tiger is cold. The tiger is green. The tiger is rough. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger likes the mouse. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger visits the mouse. If something is young then it likes the tiger. If something is green and it sees the mouse then it is cold. If something is young and it likes the tiger then it sees the mouse. If the tiger sees the mouse then the mouse visits the tiger. If something is green then it sees the tiger. If something likes the mouse and the mouse visits the tiger then it is young. If something sees the mouse and it is round then it visits the mouse. If something is cold and it visits the tiger then it sees the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The tiger likes the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse is rough. The mouse is round. The mouse is young. The mouse likes the tiger. The mouse sees the tiger. The mouse visits the tiger. The tiger is cold. The tiger is green. The tiger is rough. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger likes the mouse. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger visits the mouse. If something is young then it likes the tiger. If something is green and it sees the mouse then it is cold. If something is young and it likes the tiger then it sees the mouse. If the tiger sees the mouse then the mouse visits the tiger. If something is green then it sees the tiger. If something likes the mouse and the mouse visits the tiger then it is young. If something sees the mouse and it is round then it visits the mouse. If something is cold and it visits the tiger then it sees the mouse.", + "original_question": "The tiger likes the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D1-1450", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Dave is rough. Nice things are furry. If something is blue then it is furry. If Dave is rough and Dave is blue then Dave is red. If something is rough then it is red. If something is blue then it is not round. If Anne is blue then Anne is furry. Furry things are rough. If Dave is nice and Dave is not red then Dave is not white.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is furry. Dave is rough. Nice things are furry. If something is blue then it is furry. If Dave is rough and Dave is blue then Dave is red. If something is rough then it is red. If something is blue then it is not round. If Anne is blue then Anne is furry. Furry things are rough. If Dave is nice and Dave is not red then Dave is not white.", + "original_question": "Anne is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-1209", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is kind. Anne is not round. Charlie is cold. Charlie is smart. Fiona is big. Fiona is not kind. Fiona is red. Gary is big. Gary is smart. All kind things are furry. All cold things are furry. If Charlie is red then Charlie is big. If Charlie is red and Charlie is kind then Charlie is not round. All smart, furry things are red. All big things are red. Big, furry things are kind. If Gary is red and Gary is cold then Gary is furry.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not kind.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is kind. Anne is not round. Charlie is cold. Charlie is smart. Fiona is big. Fiona is not kind. Fiona is red. Gary is big. Gary is smart. All kind things are furry. All cold things are furry. If Charlie is red then Charlie is big. If Charlie is red and Charlie is kind then Charlie is not round. All smart, furry things are red. All big things are red. Big, furry things are kind. If Gary is red and Gary is cold then Gary is furry.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not kind." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-902", + "question": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle needs the mouse. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow is blue. The dog chases the bald eagle. The dog chases the cow. The dog chases the mouse. The dog eats the mouse. The dog is green. The mouse needs the bald eagle. If the bald eagle eats the mouse and the mouse is nice then the mouse is rough. If something chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle is rough then the bald eagle eats the cow. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle is rough. If something chases the cow and it is nice then the cow chases the mouse. If something needs the bald eagle then it is blue. If something eats the cow then it is green. If something chases the dog then the dog eats the cow. If something eats the dog and the dog chases the mouse then the dog needs the bald eagle. If something is green and it needs the mouse then the mouse eats the cow.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not eat the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle is kind. The bald eagle needs the mouse. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow is blue. The dog chases the bald eagle. The dog chases the cow. The dog chases the mouse. The dog eats the mouse. The dog is green. The mouse needs the bald eagle. If the bald eagle eats the mouse and the mouse is nice then the mouse is rough. If something chases the bald eagle and the bald eagle is rough then the bald eagle eats the cow. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle is rough. If something chases the cow and it is nice then the cow chases the mouse. If something needs the bald eagle then it is blue. If something eats the cow then it is green. If something chases the dog then the dog eats the cow. If something eats the dog and the dog chases the mouse then the dog needs the bald eagle. If something is green and it needs the mouse then the mouse eats the cow.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not eat the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-115", + "question": "Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Dave is nice. Erin is cold. Harry is green. Harry is quiet. All rough things are nice. Nice things are rough. All round, quiet things are cold. All big, round things are green. If something is big and quiet then it is round. If something is rough and quiet then it is green. Rough things are quiet. All green things are big.\n\nQuestion: Harry is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Dave is nice. Erin is cold. Harry is green. Harry is quiet. All rough things are nice. Nice things are rough. All round, quiet things are cold. All big, round things are green. If something is big and quiet then it is round. If something is rough and quiet then it is green. Rough things are quiet. All green things are big.", + "original_question": "Harry is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-994", + "question": "The cow does not chase the tiger. The tiger is big. If someone is big then they chase the cow. If someone is red then they do not chase the cow. If the tiger chases the cow then the cow is red. If someone is nice and they do not need the tiger then the tiger needs the cow. If the tiger sees the cow and the tiger is not green then the tiger does not need the cow. If someone chases the cow and they chase the tiger then the tiger does not chase the cow. If someone needs the cow and they are red then they see the tiger. If someone is nice then they need the cow.\n\nQuestion: The tiger chases the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow does not chase the tiger. The tiger is big. If someone is big then they chase the cow. If someone is red then they do not chase the cow. If the tiger chases the cow then the cow is red. If someone is nice and they do not need the tiger then the tiger needs the cow. If the tiger sees the cow and the tiger is not green then the tiger does not need the cow. If someone chases the cow and they chase the tiger then the tiger does not chase the cow. If someone needs the cow and they are red then they see the tiger. If someone is nice then they need the cow.", + "original_question": "The tiger chases the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1696", + "question": "Dave is blue. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Dave is smart. Dave is young. Erin is big. Erin is blue. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Erin is young. Round, red things are big. Red things are round. Smart things are red. Round things are nice. If something is big and blue then it is nice. If something is smart and red then it is young.\n\nQuestion: Dave is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is blue. Dave is nice. Dave is red. Dave is smart. Dave is young. Erin is big. Erin is blue. Erin is nice. Erin is red. Erin is round. Erin is smart. Erin is young. Round, red things are big. Red things are round. Smart things are red. Round things are nice. If something is big and blue then it is nice. If something is smart and red then it is young.", + "original_question": "Dave is round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2149", + "question": "The bear is blue. The bear is nice. The bear likes the cat. The bear likes the tiger. The cat chases the tiger. The cat is blue. The cat is nice. The cat is rough. The cat needs the tiger. The tiger chases the cat. The tiger is blue. The tiger is rough. The tiger likes the bear. The tiger likes the cat. The tiger needs the bear. The tiger needs the cat. If someone needs the cat then the cat likes the tiger. Red people are blue.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not chase the tiger.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is blue. The bear is nice. The bear likes the cat. The bear likes the tiger. The cat chases the tiger. The cat is blue. The cat is nice. The cat is rough. The cat needs the tiger. The tiger chases the cat. The tiger is blue. The tiger is rough. The tiger likes the bear. The tiger likes the cat. The tiger needs the bear. The tiger needs the cat. If someone needs the cat then the cat likes the tiger. Red people are blue.", + "original_question": "The cat does not chase the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-190", + "question": "The cat is not big. The cat is cold. The cat is nice. The cat is red. The cat is not round. The cat likes the lion. The cat needs the lion. The cat sees the lion. The lion is big. The lion is cold. The lion is nice. The lion is red. The lion is not round. The lion likes the cat. The lion needs the cat. The lion sees the cat. If the cat needs the lion and the cat does not see the lion then the cat is nice. If someone sees the lion and the lion is red then they see the cat. If someone needs the cat and the cat is not nice then they do not like the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cat does not see the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat is not big. The cat is cold. The cat is nice. The cat is red. The cat is not round. The cat likes the lion. The cat needs the lion. The cat sees the lion. The lion is big. The lion is cold. The lion is nice. The lion is red. The lion is not round. The lion likes the cat. The lion needs the cat. The lion sees the cat. If the cat needs the lion and the cat does not see the lion then the cat is nice. If someone sees the lion and the lion is red then they see the cat. If someone needs the cat and the cat is not nice then they do not like the cat.", + "original_question": "The cat does not see the cat." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-134", + "question": "The bear is kind. The cat visits the bear. The dog is round. If something sees the dog then the dog visits the cat. If something visits the bear and the bear sees the dog then it is round. If something is round then it sees the cat. If the bear sees the dog then the bear likes the dog. If something visits the cat then the cat likes the bear. If something likes the dog and the dog likes the cat then the dog visits the bear. If something visits the cat and it is cold then it sees the cat. If something is kind then it sees the dog.\n\nQuestion: The cat sees the cat.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear is kind. The cat visits the bear. The dog is round. If something sees the dog then the dog visits the cat. If something visits the bear and the bear sees the dog then it is round. If something is round then it sees the cat. If the bear sees the dog then the bear likes the dog. If something visits the cat then the cat likes the bear. If something likes the dog and the dog likes the cat then the dog visits the bear. If something visits the cat and it is cold then it sees the cat. If something is kind then it sees the dog.", + "original_question": "The cat sees the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-6811", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is furry. Bob is green. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Charlie is big. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is kind. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Gary is furry. Gary is smart. All round things are green.\n\nQuestion: Dave is kind.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is furry. Bob is green. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Charlie is big. Charlie is furry. Charlie is green. Charlie is kind. Charlie is smart. Charlie is white. Dave is furry. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Gary is furry. Gary is smart. All round things are green.", + "original_question": "Dave is kind." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1028", + "question": "Bob is blue. Erin is quiet. Fiona is cold. Harry is cold. All quiet things are blue. If Harry is blue then Harry is not young. Blue things are young. Blue, round things are cold. If something is blue and not red then it is round. If something is young then it is white. If Erin is red and Erin is not round then Erin is young. If Erin is red and Erin is not cold then Erin is white.\n\nQuestion: Bob is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is blue. Erin is quiet. Fiona is cold. Harry is cold. All quiet things are blue. If Harry is blue then Harry is not young. Blue things are young. Blue, round things are cold. If something is blue and not red then it is round. If something is young then it is white. If Erin is red and Erin is not round then Erin is young. If Erin is red and Erin is not cold then Erin is white.", + "original_question": "Bob is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-4296", + "question": "Bob is smart. Charlie is nice. Harry is rough. Quiet people are nice.\n\nQuestion: Harry is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is smart. Charlie is nice. Harry is rough. Quiet people are nice.", + "original_question": "Harry is rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1427", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle eats the cow. The bald eagle is big. The bald eagle visits the cow. The cow is big. The cow is blue. The cow is red. If something chases the bald eagle and it visits the bald eagle then it is young. If the bald eagle eats the cow and the cow visits the bald eagle then the cow is nice. If something is blue then it chases the cow. If the bald eagle visits the cow then the bald eagle is big. If something visits the bald eagle then it eats the cow. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle is young. If the cow visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is red. If something chases the cow then it visits the bald eagle.\n\nQuestion: The cow chases the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the cow. The bald eagle eats the cow. The bald eagle is big. The bald eagle visits the cow. The cow is big. The cow is blue. The cow is red. If something chases the bald eagle and it visits the bald eagle then it is young. If the bald eagle eats the cow and the cow visits the bald eagle then the cow is nice. If something is blue then it chases the cow. If the bald eagle visits the cow then the bald eagle is big. If something visits the bald eagle then it eats the cow. If something chases the bald eagle then the bald eagle is young. If the cow visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is red. If something chases the cow then it visits the bald eagle.", + "original_question": "The cow chases the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-382", + "question": "Bob is kind. Bob is red. Bob is round. Charlie is kind. Fiona is not green. Fiona is smart. Gary is round. All round people are quiet. All smart people are round. If someone is furry and not green then they are smart. Quiet people are smart. If someone is kind and quiet then they are not furry. If someone is smart then they are kind. If someone is kind and not furry then they are red.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Bob is red. Bob is round. Charlie is kind. Fiona is not green. Fiona is smart. Gary is round. All round people are quiet. All smart people are round. If someone is furry and not green then they are smart. Quiet people are smart. If someone is kind and quiet then they are not furry. If someone is smart then they are kind. If someone is kind and not furry then they are red.", + "original_question": "Gary is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-287", + "question": "Bob is a young, round shaped young man who is also very cold. Charlie is a young, round shaped young man who is also very cold. Eric is still young, yet very big and plays rough. He has red hair with green eyes, and nice skin tone. Rough people who are red in color and big are usally round in shape. All those who are nice and big are red. If you pass someone who is red and round and kind, you'll notice they act in a cold manner. A big and round individual is sure to be a kind individual, too. People who are young and blue are also red. People that are green and big while also being cold are always nice. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is a young, round shaped young man who is also very cold. Charlie is a young, round shaped young man who is also very cold. Eric is still young, yet very big and plays rough. He has red hair with green eyes, and nice skin tone. Rough people who are red in color and big are usally round in shape. All those who are nice and big are red. If you pass someone who is red and round and kind, you'll notice they act in a cold manner. A big and round individual is sure to be a kind individual, too. People who are young and blue are also red. People that are green and big while also being cold are always nice. A nice person with cold skin is going to be rough.", + "original_question": "Bob is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1155", + "question": "Erin is nice. Erin is red. Fiona is cold. Fiona is nice. Fiona is smart. Fiona is white. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is round. Harry is white. If someone is round and smart then they are red. Nice, smart people are round. Red people are furry.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Erin is nice. Erin is red. Fiona is cold. Fiona is nice. Fiona is smart. Fiona is white. Harry is nice. Harry is red. Harry is round. Harry is white. If someone is round and smart then they are red. Nice, smart people are round. Red people are furry.", + "original_question": "Fiona is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-595", + "question": "Anne is quiet. Anne is round. Anne is smart. Anne is young. Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is round. Fiona is smart. Fiona is young. Harry is blue. Harry is quiet. Harry is smart. If something is round then it is green. Green, smart things are young. Blue things are round. If something is young and smart then it is blue. All blue, cold things are quiet. If Fiona is quiet then Fiona is young.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is quiet. Anne is round. Anne is smart. Anne is young. Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is round. Fiona is smart. Fiona is young. Harry is blue. Harry is quiet. Harry is smart. If something is round then it is green. Green, smart things are young. Blue things are round. If something is young and smart then it is blue. All blue, cold things are quiet. If Fiona is quiet then Fiona is young.", + "original_question": "Dave is not young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-2194", + "question": "Erin is quiet. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. If someone is young then they are big. All furry people are young.\n\nQuestion: Erin is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Erin is quiet. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. If someone is young then they are big. All furry people are young.", + "original_question": "Erin is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D1-2622", + "question": "The cat is nice. The cat sees the dog. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog eats the rabbit. The dog is round. The dog sees the lion. The dog sees the rabbit. The lion chases the cat. The lion chases the dog. The lion eats the cat. The lion eats the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cat. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the dog. The rabbit sees the cat. If something eats the lion then the lion chases the rabbit. If something chases the dog and it eats the cat then it eats the dog. If something is kind then it is round.\n\nQuestion: The dog sees the lion.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat is nice. The cat sees the dog. The dog chases the rabbit. The dog eats the rabbit. The dog is round. The dog sees the lion. The dog sees the rabbit. The lion chases the cat. The lion chases the dog. The lion eats the cat. The lion eats the rabbit. The rabbit chases the cat. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the dog. The rabbit sees the cat. If something eats the lion then the lion chases the rabbit. If something chases the dog and it eats the cat then it eats the dog. If something is kind then it is round.", + "original_question": "The dog sees the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1393", + "question": "Charlie is smart. Fiona is quiet. Gary is round. Harry is smart. If Fiona is blue then Fiona is cold. Green, blue things are young. All smart, round things are quiet. If something is round and cold then it is green. Cold things are young. If something is quiet then it is blue.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Charlie is smart. Fiona is quiet. Gary is round. Harry is smart. If Fiona is blue then Fiona is cold. Green, blue things are young. All smart, round things are quiet. If something is round and cold then it is green. Cold things are young. If something is quiet then it is blue.", + "original_question": "Fiona is blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-636", + "question": "The lion eats the mouse. The lion is green. The lion sees the mouse. The lion visits the tiger. The mouse is red. The mouse sees the lion. The tiger eats the lion. The tiger eats the mouse. The tiger is cold. The tiger is red. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger sees the lion. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger visits the lion. The tiger visits the mouse. All green things are cold. If something is cold then it eats the lion. If something visits the mouse then the mouse visits the lion. If something visits the mouse and it is red then the mouse is round. If something is round and red then it is green. If the tiger is red then the tiger eats the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The mouse is not green.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The lion eats the mouse. The lion is green. The lion sees the mouse. The lion visits the tiger. The mouse is red. The mouse sees the lion. The tiger eats the lion. The tiger eats the mouse. The tiger is cold. The tiger is red. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger sees the lion. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger visits the lion. The tiger visits the mouse. All green things are cold. If something is cold then it eats the lion. If something visits the mouse then the mouse visits the lion. If something visits the mouse and it is red then the mouse is round. If something is round and red then it is green. If the tiger is red then the tiger eats the mouse.", + "original_question": "The mouse is not green." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-7", + "question": "The circuit includes the battery. The switch is on. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the radio. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The circuit includes the radio.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The circuit includes the battery. The switch is on. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the radio. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The circuit includes the radio." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-BirdsVar1-3", + "question": "Arthur is a bird. Arthur is not wounded. Bill is an ostrich. Colin is a bird. Colin is wounded. Dave is not an ostrich. Dave is wounded. If someone is an ostrich then they are a bird. If someone is an ostrich then they are abnormal. If someone is an ostrich then they are not flying. If someone is a bird and wounded then they are abnormal. If someone is wounded then they are not flying. If someone is a bird and not abnormal then they are flying.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not an ostrich.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Arthur is a bird. Arthur is not wounded. Bill is an ostrich. Colin is a bird. Colin is wounded. Dave is not an ostrich. Dave is wounded. If someone is an ostrich then they are a bird. If someone is an ostrich then they are abnormal. If someone is an ostrich then they are not flying. If someone is a bird and wounded then they are abnormal. If someone is wounded then they are not flying. If someone is a bird and not abnormal then they are flying.", + "original_question": "Dave is not an ostrich." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-273", + "question": "Bob is green. Fiona is cold. Round things are red. Young, big things are green. All green things are round.\n\nQuestion: Bob is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is green. Fiona is cold. Round things are red. Young, big things are green. All green things are round.", + "original_question": "Bob is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D1-2957", + "question": "Dave is red. Harry is smart. Red people are furry.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is red. Harry is smart. Red people are furry.", + "original_question": "Dave is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-322", + "question": "Alan can be kind but he will talks so much his face turns blue. He is usually red and round other than that. Bob seems big and rough, but he's actually quite kind. After Eric got wet in the rain, he feels cold. He also looks green but big. For being so cold, it's good Harry can remain nice. A person who is feeling rough, has red cheeks and feeling green will also tend to feel blue. Young and rough people will most certainly be red. A kind person who looks blue because he is is cold is usually big in stature. Rough people who look red are cold. When somebody is red, blue and round, you can bet they are also rough.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Alan can be kind but he will talks so much his face turns blue. He is usually red and round other than that. Bob seems big and rough, but he's actually quite kind. After Eric got wet in the rain, he feels cold. He also looks green but big. For being so cold, it's good Harry can remain nice. A person who is feeling rough, has red cheeks and feeling green will also tend to feel blue. Young and rough people will most certainly be red. A kind person who looks blue because he is is cold is usually big in stature. Rough people who look red are cold. When somebody is red, blue and round, you can bet they are also rough.", + "original_question": "Bob is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-888", + "question": "Dave is red. Dave is round. Erin is quiet. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Erin is young. Fiona is red. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Gary is blue. Gary is red. Gary is smart. If someone is red and round then they are rough. All smart people are round. If Erin is young then Erin is rough. Young, red people are quiet. All blue, smart people are rough. Round people are young.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Dave is red. Dave is round. Erin is quiet. Erin is rough. Erin is round. Erin is young. Fiona is red. Fiona is rough. Fiona is round. Gary is blue. Gary is red. Gary is smart. If someone is red and round then they are rough. All smart people are round. If Erin is young then Erin is rough. Young, red people are quiet. All blue, smart people are rough. Round people are young.", + "original_question": "Dave is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-298", + "question": "Alan may be round, but he is also kind. Dave may be round, but he is also kind. Gary is a young, round shaped young man who is also very cold. Young Harry has rough, green skin that is always cold. Harry is known for being a nice guy. People who have red coloration usually treat people in a kind manner. They are also usually young looking. If you run across a young person with rough skin and a round figure, you can count on them being kind. A person that is both nice and rough is someone who is also big. People with big smiles and round eyes will have red hair. A red, nice person will definitely be a blue person. Someone that is cold rough and red is also considered to be kind. A young person who is big and rough and big is also usually round.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not big.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Alan may be round, but he is also kind. Dave may be round, but he is also kind. Gary is a young, round shaped young man who is also very cold. Young Harry has rough, green skin that is always cold. Harry is known for being a nice guy. People who have red coloration usually treat people in a kind manner. They are also usually young looking. If you run across a young person with rough skin and a round figure, you can count on them being kind. A person that is both nice and rough is someone who is also big. People with big smiles and round eyes will have red hair. A red, nice person will definitely be a blue person. Someone that is cold rough and red is also considered to be kind. A young person who is big and rough and big is also usually round.", + "original_question": "Harry is not big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-59", + "question": "Dave may be round, but he is also kind. Eric is rather round shaped nice fellow who is feeling blue and looking green today. Harry is big, round and rough, but he is nice and kind. Young people who are cold to others and green with envy are actually nice. Every single big person is a little green in some areas. You'll always find rough, cold, green people to also be red people. Someone that is cold rough and red is also considered to be kind. A round shaped kind person who is colored green will be cold natured.\n\nQuestion: Harry is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Dave may be round, but he is also kind. Eric is rather round shaped nice fellow who is feeling blue and looking green today. Harry is big, round and rough, but he is nice and kind. Young people who are cold to others and green with envy are actually nice. Every single big person is a little green in some areas. You'll always find rough, cold, green people to also be red people. Someone that is cold rough and red is also considered to be kind. A round shaped kind person who is colored green will be cold natured.", + "original_question": "Harry is red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-145", + "question": "The cow is red. The dog sees the cow. The mouse sees the cow. The tiger does not chase the cow. If something sees the mouse and the mouse needs the tiger then the mouse sees the cow. Rough, green things are red.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not see the cow.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cow is red. The dog sees the cow. The mouse sees the cow. The tiger does not chase the cow. If something sees the mouse and the mouse needs the tiger then the mouse sees the cow. Rough, green things are red.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not see the cow." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-2018", + "question": "The cow likes the rabbit. The rabbit is round. Big things are kind. If something is kind and big then it visits the rabbit. If something is nice then it likes the cow. If something likes the rabbit then the rabbit is nice. If something is big then it is nice. If something is kind then it likes the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is not nice.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cow likes the rabbit. The rabbit is round. Big things are kind. If something is kind and big then it visits the rabbit. If something is nice then it likes the cow. If something likes the rabbit then the rabbit is nice. If something is big then it is nice. If something is kind then it likes the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is not nice." + }, + { + "id": "AttPos-OWA-ElectricityRB4-49", + "question": "The circuit includes the battery. The circuit includes the switch. The switch is on. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.\n\nQuestion: The circuit does not include the light bulb.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The circuit includes the battery. The circuit includes the switch. The switch is on. The wire is plastic. The circuit includes the light bulb. If the circuit includes the battery and the battery is not flat then the circuit is powered. If the circuit includes the switch and the switch is on then the circuit is complete. If the circuit does not include the switch then the circuit is complete. If the wire is metal then the wire is conducting. If the wire is plastic then the wire is not conducting. If the circuit is powered and the circuit is complete and the wire is conducting then the current runs through the circuit. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the light bulb then the current runs through the light bulb. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the bell then the current runs through the bell. If the current runs through the circuit and the circuit includes the radio then the current runs through the radio. If the current runs through the light bulb then the light bulb is glowing. If the current runs through the bell then the bell is ringing. If the current runs through the radio then the radio is playing.", + "original_question": "The circuit does not include the light bulb." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1043", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is green. Bob is red. Bob is white. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Fiona is green. Fiona is red. Harry is big. Harry is red. Harry is young. Red things are young. Round, young things are white. Green, young things are round.\n\nQuestion: Fiona is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is green. Bob is red. Bob is white. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Fiona is green. Fiona is red. Harry is big. Harry is red. Harry is young. Red things are young. Round, young things are white. Green, young things are round.", + "original_question": "Fiona is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-2005", + "question": "Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Harry is round. Harry is not young. If Harry is young and Harry is green then Harry is kind. If Harry is not young then Harry is rough. If something is rough and young then it is furry.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is kind. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Harry is round. Harry is not young. If Harry is young and Harry is green then Harry is kind. If Harry is not young then Harry is rough. If something is rough and young then it is furry.", + "original_question": "Harry is not red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1708", + "question": "Bob is smart. Charlie is big. Charlie is cold. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Erin is big. Erin is cold. Erin is nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is not rough. Erin is not smart. Erin is young. Gary is not cold. Gary is nice. Gary is rough. Smart people are young. If someone is young then they are quiet. If someone is quiet and young then they are not rough.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is smart. Charlie is big. Charlie is cold. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is smart. Charlie is young. Erin is big. Erin is cold. Erin is nice. Erin is quiet. Erin is not rough. Erin is not smart. Erin is young. Gary is not cold. Gary is nice. Gary is rough. Smart people are young. If someone is young then they are quiet. If someone is quiet and young then they are not rough.", + "original_question": "Bob is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-831", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the cat. The bald eagle chases the dog. The bald eagle does not eat the cat. The bald eagle eats the dog. The cat does not chase the bald eagle. The cat eats the bald eagle. The cat is young. The cat sees the bald eagle. The cat sees the tiger. The dog chases the cat. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog is blue. The tiger chases the bald eagle. The tiger chases the cat. If something is young then it does not chase the cat. If the cat chases the tiger then the tiger is nice. Nice things are big. If something chases the dog and the dog eats the bald eagle then it is nice. If something is big and it chases the cat then the cat chases the dog.\n\nQuestion: The cat chases the cat.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the cat. The bald eagle chases the dog. The bald eagle does not eat the cat. The bald eagle eats the dog. The cat does not chase the bald eagle. The cat eats the bald eagle. The cat is young. The cat sees the bald eagle. The cat sees the tiger. The dog chases the cat. The dog eats the bald eagle. The dog is blue. The tiger chases the bald eagle. The tiger chases the cat. If something is young then it does not chase the cat. If the cat chases the tiger then the tiger is nice. Nice things are big. If something chases the dog and the dog eats the bald eagle then it is nice. If something is big and it chases the cat then the cat chases the dog.", + "original_question": "The cat chases the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-469", + "question": "Alan is green and cold too. For being so cold, it's good Fred can remain nice. Gary seems to be round. No one knows Harry like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. If you meet someone with rough skin who is cold from being outside, you'll notice they are nice. Kind red people are green on the inside. Even though young people are rough, they are still very red. Nice people that are very green and even round shaped will be very young. Round people who are kind tend to be nice. A green person that is rough and cold is often also nice. Someone who is a young age and looks like they are round are also red.\n\nQuestion: Harry is not young.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Alan is green and cold too. For being so cold, it's good Fred can remain nice. Gary seems to be round. No one knows Harry like me and he is a kind guy, very round in the belly and green as grass. If you meet someone with rough skin who is cold from being outside, you'll notice they are nice. Kind red people are green on the inside. Even though young people are rough, they are still very red. Nice people that are very green and even round shaped will be very young. Round people who are kind tend to be nice. A green person that is rough and cold is often also nice. Someone who is a young age and looks like they are round are also red.", + "original_question": "Harry is not young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-152", + "question": "The bear chases the tiger. The bear needs the rabbit. The bear needs the tiger. The rabbit chases the tiger. The rabbit is red. The rabbit likes the bear. The rabbit needs the bear. The tiger chases the bear. The tiger chases the rabbit. The tiger is green. The tiger is young. The tiger likes the bear. The tiger likes the rabbit. The tiger needs the bear. The tiger needs the rabbit. If someone needs the tiger then they need the rabbit. If someone needs the rabbit and they chase the tiger then they chase the bear. If the rabbit chases the tiger then the rabbit needs the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit needs the tiger.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the tiger. The bear needs the rabbit. The bear needs the tiger. The rabbit chases the tiger. The rabbit is red. The rabbit likes the bear. The rabbit needs the bear. The tiger chases the bear. The tiger chases the rabbit. The tiger is green. The tiger is young. The tiger likes the bear. The tiger likes the rabbit. The tiger needs the bear. The tiger needs the rabbit. If someone needs the tiger then they need the rabbit. If someone needs the rabbit and they chase the tiger then they chase the bear. If the rabbit chases the tiger then the rabbit needs the tiger.", + "original_question": "The rabbit needs the tiger." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D1-343", + "question": "The cat is young. If something is young and not nice then it is cold. Young things are not cold. If something is big and nice then it is cold. If something is nice then it is cold. All round things are not cold. If something is big and not nice then it is not young. Cold things are not young. If the cat is not big then the cat is not round.\n\nQuestion: The cat is cold.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat is young. If something is young and not nice then it is cold. Young things are not cold. If something is big and nice then it is cold. If something is nice then it is cold. All round things are not cold. If something is big and not nice then it is not young. Cold things are not young. If the cat is not big then the cat is not round.", + "original_question": "The cat is cold." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1229", + "question": "The cat eats the lion. The cow eats the lion. The cow is blue. The cow likes the lion. The cow likes the squirrel. The lion is young. The squirrel likes the cat. If someone is round then they chase the cow. If someone eats the lion then the lion likes the cat. If someone is young and they like the cat then the cat is round.\n\nQuestion: The cat is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the lion. The cow eats the lion. The cow is blue. The cow likes the lion. The cow likes the squirrel. The lion is young. The squirrel likes the cat. If someone is round then they chase the cow. If someone eats the lion then the lion likes the cat. If someone is young and they like the cat then the cat is round.", + "original_question": "The cat is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-2565", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Anne is kind. Anne is not rough. Anne is round. Anne is white. Bob is not big. Bob is blue. Bob is rough. Dave is not blue. Dave is cold. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Fiona is not cold. Fiona is kind. All rough things are not round. If Bob is kind then Bob is not rough. If something is kind and not rough then it is cold.\n\nQuestion: Bob is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is cold. Anne is kind. Anne is not rough. Anne is round. Anne is white. Bob is not big. Bob is blue. Bob is rough. Dave is not blue. Dave is cold. Dave is kind. Dave is round. Fiona is not cold. Fiona is kind. All rough things are not round. If Bob is kind then Bob is not rough. If something is kind and not rough then it is cold.", + "original_question": "Bob is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-6977", + "question": "Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is quiet. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is white. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. If something is nice then it is quiet. If something is kind and red then it is rough.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is kind. Bob is nice. Bob is quiet. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is white. Charlie is kind. Charlie is nice. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Charlie is round. Charlie is white. If something is nice then it is quiet. If something is kind and red then it is rough.", + "original_question": "Bob is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-73", + "question": "Anne is nice. Bob is cold. Bob is not red. Bob is rough. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Harry is nice. Harry is quiet. Harry is rough. Harry is round. Nice people are quiet. If someone is red and nice then they are not quiet. Quiet people are cold. If someone is quiet and round then they are not red. If someone is green and quiet then they are round. If someone is cold then they are green.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is nice. Bob is cold. Bob is not red. Bob is rough. Charlie is red. Charlie is rough. Harry is nice. Harry is quiet. Harry is rough. Harry is round. Nice people are quiet. If someone is red and nice then they are not quiet. Quiet people are cold. If someone is quiet and round then they are not red. If someone is green and quiet then they are round. If someone is cold then they are green.", + "original_question": "Bob is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-399", + "question": "Bob might be rough and red but he's actually very kind. That guy Charlie sure is nice. That guy Gary sure is nice. Harry may be young but he is nice, wears green shoes and is cold. Even though young people are rough, they are still very red. One who is young, red and also cold will definitely be round, too. Cold, young people are also certain to be rough people. When somebody is red, blue and round, you can bet they are also rough.\n\nQuestion: Harry is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Bob might be rough and red but he's actually very kind. That guy Charlie sure is nice. That guy Gary sure is nice. Harry may be young but he is nice, wears green shoes and is cold. Even though young people are rough, they are still very red. One who is young, red and also cold will definitely be round, too. Cold, young people are also certain to be rough people. When somebody is red, blue and round, you can bet they are also rough.", + "original_question": "Harry is round." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D5-271", + "question": "The bear is cold. The dog does not like the bear. The dog likes the squirrel. The mouse is blue. The mouse is rough. The mouse likes the dog. The mouse does not need the bear. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel likes the dog. The squirrel likes the mouse. If someone likes the bear and they like the dog then they like the squirrel. If someone is blue then they chase the bear. If someone needs the squirrel and the squirrel is cold then they chase the bear. If the dog does not need the bear then the dog does not chase the squirrel. If someone likes the mouse and the mouse needs the dog then they chase the dog. If someone chases the dog then the dog needs the squirrel. If someone chases the bear and they do not need the bear then they need the dog. If someone likes the mouse and they are cold then they need the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The bear is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is cold. The dog does not like the bear. The dog likes the squirrel. The mouse is blue. The mouse is rough. The mouse likes the dog. The mouse does not need the bear. The squirrel is cold. The squirrel likes the dog. The squirrel likes the mouse. If someone likes the bear and they like the dog then they like the squirrel. If someone is blue then they chase the bear. If someone needs the squirrel and the squirrel is cold then they chase the bear. If the dog does not need the bear then the dog does not chase the squirrel. If someone likes the mouse and the mouse needs the dog then they chase the dog. If someone chases the dog then the dog needs the squirrel. If someone chases the bear and they do not need the bear then they need the dog. If someone likes the mouse and they are cold then they need the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The bear is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-183", + "question": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is kind. Dave is cold. Dave is kind. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is red. Erin is smart. Erin is young. Gary is kind. Gary is red. Gary is not young. If Charlie is blue then Charlie is not young. If Gary is red then Gary is rough. Kind things are smart. All smart things are blue. Young things are blue. If Gary is rough and Gary is not kind then Gary is not cold.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not smart.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is cold. Charlie is kind. Dave is cold. Dave is kind. Erin is cold. Erin is kind. Erin is red. Erin is smart. Erin is young. Gary is kind. Gary is red. Gary is not young. If Charlie is blue then Charlie is not young. If Gary is red then Gary is rough. Kind things are smart. All smart things are blue. Young things are blue. If Gary is rough and Gary is not kind then Gary is not cold.", + "original_question": "Erin is not smart." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1354", + "question": "Bob is not kind. If Bob is white then Bob is kind. If Bob is not kind then Bob is cold. If someone is rough then they are green. If Bob is cold and Bob is not kind then Bob is rough. Round, white people are not cold. If someone is green then they are not round.\n\nQuestion: Bob is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is not kind. If Bob is white then Bob is kind. If Bob is not kind then Bob is cold. If someone is rough then they are green. If Bob is cold and Bob is not kind then Bob is rough. Round, white people are not cold. If someone is green then they are not round.", + "original_question": "Bob is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D2-1579", + "question": "The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse is rough. The mouse is round. The mouse is young. The mouse likes the tiger. The mouse sees the tiger. The mouse visits the tiger. The tiger is cold. The tiger is green. The tiger is rough. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger likes the mouse. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger visits the mouse. If something is young then it likes the tiger. If something is green and it sees the mouse then it is cold. If something is young and it likes the tiger then it sees the mouse. If the tiger sees the mouse then the mouse visits the tiger. If something is green then it sees the tiger. If something likes the mouse and the mouse visits the tiger then it is young. If something sees the mouse and it is round then it visits the mouse. If something is cold and it visits the tiger then it sees the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not visit the mouse.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The mouse is cold. The mouse is green. The mouse is rough. The mouse is round. The mouse is young. The mouse likes the tiger. The mouse sees the tiger. The mouse visits the tiger. The tiger is cold. The tiger is green. The tiger is rough. The tiger is round. The tiger is young. The tiger likes the mouse. The tiger sees the mouse. The tiger visits the mouse. If something is young then it likes the tiger. If something is green and it sees the mouse then it is cold. If something is young and it likes the tiger then it sees the mouse. If the tiger sees the mouse then the mouse visits the tiger. If something is green then it sees the tiger. If something likes the mouse and the mouse visits the tiger then it is young. If something sees the mouse and it is round then it visits the mouse. If something is cold and it visits the tiger then it sees the mouse.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not visit the mouse." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-66", + "question": "Dave is a kind person and he is also often cold. For being so cold, it's good Eric can remain nice. Fred may be round, but he is also kind. Young Harry here is always rough but nice and yes he is big. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. All young and kind people that feel blue are described as red. Big, young people with green color are rather rough. People with big smiles and round eyes will have red hair. A person that is very big and also the color red they will also be blue. A young person who is big and rough and big is also usually round.\n\nQuestion: Harry is round.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is a kind person and he is also often cold. For being so cold, it's good Eric can remain nice. Fred may be round, but he is also kind. Young Harry here is always rough but nice and yes he is big. Nice, young red people will also turn out to always be green. All young and kind people that feel blue are described as red. Big, young people with green color are rather rough. People with big smiles and round eyes will have red hair. A person that is very big and also the color red they will also be blue. A young person who is big and rough and big is also usually round.", + "original_question": "Harry is round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1881", + "question": "Erin is red. Red things are nice. If Erin is nice then Erin is cold. If Erin is cold then Erin is big.\n\nQuestion: Erin is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Erin is red. Red things are nice. If Erin is nice then Erin is cold. If Erin is cold then Erin is big.", + "original_question": "Erin is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNonegNatLang-OWA-435", + "question": "Alan is big and rough around the edges. Even though he is feeling ill and green, he is nice. For being so cold, it's good Dave can remain nice. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Eric. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Harry. Young people are so rough that they can hold their breath until they are blue. People who are young and blue are also red. A kind person who looks blue because he is is cold is usually big in stature. If you know someone who is nice, green, and big, you know a young person.\n\nQuestion: Alan is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "Alan is big and rough around the edges. Even though he is feeling ill and green, he is nice. For being so cold, it's good Dave can remain nice. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Eric. The young person who is always feeling cold is named Harry. Young people are so rough that they can hold their breath until they are blue. People who are young and blue are also red. A kind person who looks blue because he is is cold is usually big in stature. If you know someone who is nice, green, and big, you know a young person.", + "original_question": "Alan is red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-1038", + "question": "Bob is furry. Bob is nice. Charlie is blue. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Gary is big. Smart, round things are nice. Furry things are blue. Blue things are round. If something is furry then it is rough. If Bob is furry then Bob is round. If something is blue and round then it is smart.\n\nQuestion: Gary is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is furry. Bob is nice. Charlie is blue. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is round. Gary is big. Smart, round things are nice. Furry things are blue. Blue things are round. If something is furry then it is rough. If Bob is furry then Bob is round. If something is blue and round then it is smart.", + "original_question": "Gary is big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1686", + "question": "Bob is cold. Erin is rough. Fiona is kind. If someone is blue then they are round. If someone is nice then they are blue. All rough people are nice. All rough, blue people are cold. If Fiona is not round then Fiona is cold. If someone is cold and rough then they are kind.\n\nQuestion: Erin is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is cold. Erin is rough. Fiona is kind. If someone is blue then they are round. If someone is nice then they are blue. All rough people are nice. All rough, blue people are cold. If Fiona is not round then Fiona is cold. If someone is cold and rough then they are kind.", + "original_question": "Erin is blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-595", + "question": "Anne is quiet. Anne is round. Anne is smart. Anne is young. Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is round. Fiona is smart. Fiona is young. Harry is blue. Harry is quiet. Harry is smart. If something is round then it is green. Green, smart things are young. Blue things are round. If something is young and smart then it is blue. All blue, cold things are quiet. If Fiona is quiet then Fiona is young.\n\nQuestion: Dave is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is quiet. Anne is round. Anne is smart. Anne is young. Dave is blue. Dave is cold. Dave is round. Dave is smart. Fiona is quiet. Fiona is round. Fiona is smart. Fiona is young. Harry is blue. Harry is quiet. Harry is smart. If something is round then it is green. Green, smart things are young. Blue things are round. If something is young and smart then it is blue. All blue, cold things are quiet. If Fiona is quiet then Fiona is young.", + "original_question": "Dave is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D2-1969", + "question": "Anne is blue. Bob is quiet. Charlie is not cold. Erin is blue. If something is smart and not kind then it is not nice. Cold things are nice. If something is smart and not kind then it is cold. Smart things are not cold. All quiet things are smart. If Charlie is nice and Charlie is kind then Charlie is rough.\n\nQuestion: Erin is not blue.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Bob is quiet. Charlie is not cold. Erin is blue. If something is smart and not kind then it is not nice. Cold things are nice. If something is smart and not kind then it is cold. Smart things are not cold. All quiet things are smart. If Charlie is nice and Charlie is kind then Charlie is rough.", + "original_question": "Erin is not blue." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-1522", + "question": "Anne is big. Anne is furry. Anne is red. Anne is young. Gary is young. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Young things are red. Cold, blue things are rough. Red things are furry. If Anne is red then Anne is cold. If something is big and cold then it is red. If something is blue and rough then it is cold. Young things are cold. Young things are blue.\n\nQuestion: Gary is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is big. Anne is furry. Anne is red. Anne is young. Gary is young. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Young things are red. Cold, blue things are rough. Red things are furry. If Anne is red then Anne is cold. If something is big and cold then it is red. If something is blue and rough then it is cold. Young things are cold. Young things are blue.", + "original_question": "Gary is young." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1224", + "question": "The bear chases the dog. The bear is green. The bear does not need the dog. The bear visits the dog. The dog is big. The dog is not green. The dog visits the bear. If someone chases the bear then the bear does not need the dog. If the dog needs the bear then the dog chases the bear. If someone visits the dog then they do not chase the bear. If someone needs the bear then they do not visit the dog. If someone is green then they do not need the bear. If someone visits the dog then they are not round. If the dog is not green then the dog needs the bear. If someone chases the bear then they chase the dog.\n\nQuestion: The dog chases the dog.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the dog. The bear is green. The bear does not need the dog. The bear visits the dog. The dog is big. The dog is not green. The dog visits the bear. If someone chases the bear then the bear does not need the dog. If the dog needs the bear then the dog chases the bear. If someone visits the dog then they do not chase the bear. If someone needs the bear then they do not visit the dog. If someone is green then they do not need the bear. If someone visits the dog then they are not round. If the dog is not green then the dog needs the bear. If someone chases the bear then they chase the dog.", + "original_question": "The dog chases the dog." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D5-457", + "question": "Anne is blue. Anne is red. Anne is young. Bob is nice. Bob is young. Charlie is nice. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Gary is green. If something is red and blue then it is white. Green things are red. If something is white then it is quiet. If something is red then it is blue. All blue, young things are white. If Bob is quiet and Bob is green then Bob is young. Quiet, green things are young. Red, nice things are white. All white, nice things are quiet.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is not red.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is blue. Anne is red. Anne is young. Bob is nice. Bob is young. Charlie is nice. Charlie is quiet. Charlie is red. Charlie is white. Charlie is young. Gary is green. If something is red and blue then it is white. Green things are red. If something is white then it is quiet. If something is red then it is blue. All blue, young things are white. If Bob is quiet and Bob is green then Bob is young. Quiet, green things are young. Red, nice things are white. All white, nice things are quiet.", + "original_question": "Charlie is not red." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-5742", + "question": "Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Harry is big. Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is kind. Harry is nice. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Smart, furry things are rough. If Dave is big and Dave is green then Dave is kind.\n\nQuestion: Harry is furry.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is nice. Bob is rough. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is kind. Harry is big. Harry is furry. Harry is green. Harry is kind. Harry is nice. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Smart, furry things are rough. If Dave is big and Dave is green then Dave is kind.", + "original_question": "Harry is furry." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-1503", + "question": "The bear eats the cow. The bear is cold. The bear is kind. The bear visits the dog. The cat eats the cow. The cat is big. The cat sees the cow. The cat sees the dog. The cat visits the bear. The cow eats the cat. The cow is big. The cow is cold. The cow sees the bear. The cow visits the cat. The dog is round. The dog visits the cat. If the cat visits the bear then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cow sees the cat. If the cow visits the cat and the cow sees the cat then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cat is round. If someone is nice then they visit the dog. If someone is round then they visit the cow. If someone eats the dog and they see the cat then the dog eats the cat. If someone sees the cat and the cat visits the cow then the cat sees the dog.\n\nQuestion: The cow sees the cat.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bear eats the cow. The bear is cold. The bear is kind. The bear visits the dog. The cat eats the cow. The cat is big. The cat sees the cow. The cat sees the dog. The cat visits the bear. The cow eats the cat. The cow is big. The cow is cold. The cow sees the bear. The cow visits the cat. The dog is round. The dog visits the cat. If the cat visits the bear then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cow sees the cat. If the cow visits the cat and the cow sees the cat then the cat is round. If the cat visits the cow then the cat is round. If someone is nice then they visit the dog. If someone is round then they visit the cow. If someone eats the dog and they see the cat then the dog eats the cat. If someone sees the cat and the cat visits the cow then the cat sees the dog.", + "original_question": "The cow sees the cat." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-4356", + "question": "Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Erin is big. Erin is cold. Erin is not green. Erin is smart. Erin is white. Smart people are cold. All young people are cold. If someone is cold and not smart then they are white. Green, smart people are not big. If someone is smart then they are big. Smart, green people are big. If someone is young and not cold then they are not round. If someone is green then they are round.\n\nQuestion: Erin is white.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is big. Bob is cold. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Erin is big. Erin is cold. Erin is not green. Erin is smart. Erin is white. Smart people are cold. All young people are cold. If someone is cold and not smart then they are white. Green, smart people are not big. If someone is smart then they are big. Smart, green people are big. If someone is young and not cold then they are not round. If someone is green then they are round.", + "original_question": "Erin is white." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1427", + "question": "The cat eats the rabbit. The rabbit eats the tiger. The tiger sees the cat. If the tiger does not see the rabbit then the tiger is round. If the cat needs the tiger then the tiger is round. If something needs the cat then the cat does not need the tiger. If something sees the tiger then the tiger is big. If the tiger is round then the tiger needs the rabbit. If something eats the rabbit then it needs the tiger.\n\nQuestion: The tiger does not need the rabbit.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the rabbit. The rabbit eats the tiger. The tiger sees the cat. If the tiger does not see the rabbit then the tiger is round. If the cat needs the tiger then the tiger is round. If something needs the cat then the cat does not need the tiger. If something sees the tiger then the tiger is big. If the tiger is round then the tiger needs the rabbit. If something eats the rabbit then it needs the tiger.", + "original_question": "The tiger does not need the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-253", + "question": "The cat eats the mouse. The cat eats the squirrel. The cat is rough. The cat sees the lion. The cat sees the mouse. The cat sees the squirrel. The lion sees the cat. The lion sees the squirrel. The mouse is round. The mouse sees the squirrel. The squirrel likes the lion. If someone is cold then they are kind. If someone eats the cat then the cat eats the mouse. If someone eats the mouse then they are cold. If someone eats the squirrel and the squirrel is nice then they see the squirrel. If someone eats the squirrel then they are cold. If someone sees the squirrel then they like the cat. If someone likes the lion and the lion likes the cat then they see the squirrel. If someone sees the mouse and they like the cat then they are nice. If someone sees the squirrel and they are nice then the squirrel eats the mouse.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is cold.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 4, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the mouse. The cat eats the squirrel. The cat is rough. The cat sees the lion. The cat sees the mouse. The cat sees the squirrel. The lion sees the cat. The lion sees the squirrel. The mouse is round. The mouse sees the squirrel. The squirrel likes the lion. If someone is cold then they are kind. If someone eats the cat then the cat eats the mouse. If someone eats the mouse then they are cold. If someone eats the squirrel and the squirrel is nice then they see the squirrel. If someone eats the squirrel then they are cold. If someone sees the squirrel then they like the cat. If someone likes the lion and the lion likes the cat then they see the squirrel. If someone sees the mouse and they like the cat then they are nice. If someone sees the squirrel and they are nice then the squirrel eats the mouse.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is cold." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-267", + "question": "Anne is red. Fiona is furry. Gary is quiet. Big, round people are white. Red people are not white. If Fiona is rough and Fiona is white then Fiona is big. All quiet people are big. Rough, quiet people are red. If someone is quiet and not rough then they are furry. If someone is quiet and big then they are furry. Furry people are round.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not furry.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is red. Fiona is furry. Gary is quiet. Big, round people are white. Red people are not white. If Fiona is rough and Fiona is white then Fiona is big. All quiet people are big. Rough, quiet people are red. If someone is quiet and not rough then they are furry. If someone is quiet and big then they are furry. Furry people are round.", + "original_question": "Gary is not furry." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-1288", + "question": "Bob is not furry. Bob is quiet. Bob is smart. Gary is nice. Gary is smart. Harry is nice. Harry is smart. Quiet things are smart. If something is round and smart then it is quiet. Smart things are round. If Gary is quiet then Gary is white. If something is furry and not round then it is nice. If something is rough and not nice then it is white.\n\nQuestion: Harry is quiet.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Bob is not furry. Bob is quiet. Bob is smart. Gary is nice. Gary is smart. Harry is nice. Harry is smart. Quiet things are smart. If something is round and smart then it is quiet. Smart things are round. If Gary is quiet then Gary is white. If something is furry and not round then it is nice. If something is rough and not nice then it is white.", + "original_question": "Harry is quiet." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-419", + "question": "Anne is cold. Anne is rough. Anne is smart. Erin is smart. Fiona is cold. Fiona is round. Harry is cold. If someone is cold then they are young. Cold people are young. If someone is round then they are rough. If someone is rough and young then they are furry. If someone is young then they are round. Rough people are green. If someone is round and young then they are cold. If someone is furry then they are smart.\n\nQuestion: Anne is not round.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Anne is cold. Anne is rough. Anne is smart. Erin is smart. Fiona is cold. Fiona is round. Harry is cold. If someone is cold then they are young. Cold people are young. If someone is round then they are rough. If someone is rough and young then they are furry. If someone is young then they are round. Rough people are green. If someone is round and young then they are cold. If someone is furry then they are smart.", + "original_question": "Anne is not round." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-2348", + "question": "Dave is cold. If something is cold then it is quiet. All quiet things are green. If Dave is cold and Dave is kind then Dave is furry. If Dave is kind and Dave is cold then Dave is big. If something is cold and green then it is blue. If something is kind then it is big.\n\nQuestion: Dave is not quiet.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is cold. If something is cold then it is quiet. All quiet things are green. If Dave is cold and Dave is kind then Dave is furry. If Dave is kind and Dave is cold then Dave is big. If something is cold and green then it is blue. If something is kind then it is big.", + "original_question": "Dave is not quiet." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-910", + "question": "The bear chases the dog. The bear likes the squirrel. The bear visits the cat. The cat chases the dog. The cat is kind. The cat likes the dog. The dog is kind. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel does not visit the cat. If something likes the squirrel and it visits the cat then the squirrel likes the dog. If something visits the squirrel and the squirrel visits the dog then it is round. If something likes the cat then it is not round. All nice things are round. If something visits the squirrel and the squirrel likes the cat then it is round. If the squirrel does not like the bear then the squirrel does not visit the bear. If something is big then it is nice. If something likes the squirrel and the squirrel is round then it is rough.\n\nQuestion: The squirrel is nice.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The bear chases the dog. The bear likes the squirrel. The bear visits the cat. The cat chases the dog. The cat is kind. The cat likes the dog. The dog is kind. The squirrel is big. The squirrel is rough. The squirrel does not visit the cat. If something likes the squirrel and it visits the cat then the squirrel likes the dog. If something visits the squirrel and the squirrel visits the dog then it is round. If something likes the cat then it is not round. All nice things are round. If something visits the squirrel and the squirrel likes the cat then it is round. If the squirrel does not like the bear then the squirrel does not visit the bear. If something is big then it is nice. If something likes the squirrel and the squirrel is round then it is rough.", + "original_question": "The squirrel is nice." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D0-5280", + "question": "The lion likes the rabbit. The rabbit likes the tiger. The tiger is round. If something likes the tiger then the tiger likes the rabbit. If something needs the rabbit then it visits the tiger. If something needs the lion and it likes the rabbit then the lion likes the rabbit. If something is nice then it likes the rabbit. If something visits the tiger and it likes the lion then it likes the rabbit. If something likes the rabbit and it is kind then the rabbit is big.\n\nQuestion: The lion likes the rabbit.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion likes the rabbit. The rabbit likes the tiger. The tiger is round. If something likes the tiger then the tiger likes the rabbit. If something needs the rabbit then it visits the tiger. If something needs the lion and it likes the rabbit then the lion likes the rabbit. If something is nice then it likes the rabbit. If something visits the tiger and it likes the lion then it likes the rabbit. If something likes the rabbit and it is kind then the rabbit is big.", + "original_question": "The lion likes the rabbit." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D3-498", + "question": "Dave is furry. Dave is not kind. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is young. Erin is furry. Erin is not kind. Erin is nice. Erin is round. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. Fiona is white. If Fiona is not furry then Fiona is young. If Fiona is rough and Fiona is kind then Fiona is young. White, round people are rough. White, nice people are not kind. If someone is round and not furry then they are not nice. If someone is white then they are round. If Fiona is rough then Fiona is kind. If Erin is not kind then Erin is rough.\n\nQuestion: Erin is rough.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "Dave is furry. Dave is not kind. Dave is nice. Dave is rough. Dave is young. Erin is furry. Erin is not kind. Erin is nice. Erin is round. Erin is young. Fiona is furry. Fiona is white. If Fiona is not furry then Fiona is young. If Fiona is rough and Fiona is kind then Fiona is young. White, round people are rough. White, nice people are not kind. If someone is round and not furry then they are not nice. If someone is white then they are round. If Fiona is rough then Fiona is kind. If Erin is not kind then Erin is rough.", + "original_question": "Erin is rough." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D2-1484", + "question": "Anne is quiet. Anne is smart. Anne is young. Bob is big. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Charlie is big. Charlie is rough. Charlie is smart. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Harry is white. Harry is young. Quiet people are smart. All smart, rough people are quiet. Red, big people are quiet. Smart, quiet people are young. If someone is rough and quiet then they are big. Big people are smart.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is quiet. Anne is smart. Anne is young. Bob is big. Bob is red. Bob is rough. Bob is smart. Bob is white. Bob is young. Charlie is big. Charlie is rough. Charlie is smart. Harry is rough. Harry is smart. Harry is white. Harry is young. Quiet people are smart. All smart, rough people are quiet. Red, big people are quiet. Smart, quiet people are young. If someone is rough and quiet then they are big. Big people are smart.", + "original_question": "Charlie is big." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-406", + "question": "The cat eats the mouse. The cat is blue. The cat is rough. The cat sees the squirrel. The mouse is kind. The mouse is young. The mouse needs the rabbit. The mouse sees the cat. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit eats the squirrel. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit needs the cat. The rabbit sees the mouse. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is kind. If someone is young and they eat the squirrel then they need the mouse. If someone sees the cat and the cat is rough then they see the squirrel. If someone is rough and they eat the cat then they are big. Big people are young. If someone needs the mouse then they see the cat.\n\nQuestion: The rabbit is big.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 1, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the mouse. The cat is blue. The cat is rough. The cat sees the squirrel. The mouse is kind. The mouse is young. The mouse needs the rabbit. The mouse sees the cat. The rabbit eats the cat. The rabbit eats the mouse. The rabbit eats the squirrel. The rabbit is rough. The rabbit needs the cat. The rabbit sees the mouse. The squirrel eats the mouse. The squirrel is kind. If someone is young and they eat the squirrel then they need the mouse. If someone sees the cat and the cat is rough then they see the squirrel. If someone is rough and they eat the cat then they are big. Big people are young. If someone needs the mouse then they see the cat.", + "original_question": "The rabbit is big." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D5-940", + "question": "Charlie is blue. Charlie is green. Dave is rough. Erin is not cold. Erin is green. Erin is rough. Erin is young. Harry is green. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Harry is not young. All rough people are red. If someone is blue then they are rough. All green people are rough. If someone is quiet then they are cold. If Harry is blue then Harry is green. If Dave is blue and Dave is red then Dave is quiet. Rough, red people are blue. Green, cold people are not quiet. Cold people are not young.\n\nQuestion: Charlie is red.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "Charlie is blue. Charlie is green. Dave is rough. Erin is not cold. Erin is green. Erin is rough. Erin is young. Harry is green. Harry is red. Harry is rough. Harry is not young. All rough people are red. If someone is blue then they are rough. All green people are rough. If someone is quiet then they are cold. If Harry is blue then Harry is green. If Dave is blue and Dave is red then Dave is quiet. Rough, red people are blue. Green, cold people are not quiet. Cold people are not young.", + "original_question": "Charlie is red." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D2-1482", + "question": "The lion likes the squirrel. The mouse visits the lion. The squirrel likes the mouse. The tiger is not nice. If something is green and not blue then it visits the mouse. If something is green then it does not see the lion. If something visits the lion then the lion is green.\n\nQuestion: The mouse visits the lion.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The lion likes the squirrel. The mouse visits the lion. The squirrel likes the mouse. The tiger is not nice. If something is green and not blue then it visits the mouse. If something is green then it does not see the lion. If something visits the lion then the lion is green.", + "original_question": "The mouse visits the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-3926", + "question": "Bob is not big. Bob is furry. Bob is green. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is not white. Dave is big. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is rough. Dave is not round. Dave is not smart. Dave is white. Smart, white things are big. If Dave is white then Dave is big. If something is white and not big then it is round. Big, white things are not round. If something is big and smart then it is round. If something is white then it is furry. If something is round and rough then it is furry. If Dave is round and Dave is green then Dave is furry.\n\nQuestion: Bob is green.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Bob is not big. Bob is furry. Bob is green. Bob is rough. Bob is round. Bob is smart. Bob is not white. Dave is big. Dave is furry. Dave is green. Dave is rough. Dave is not round. Dave is not smart. Dave is white. Smart, white things are big. If Dave is white then Dave is big. If something is white and not big then it is round. Big, white things are not round. If something is big and smart then it is round. If something is white then it is furry. If something is round and rough then it is furry. If Dave is round and Dave is green then Dave is furry.", + "original_question": "Bob is green." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1383", + "question": "The dog likes the lion. The lion eats the mouse. The mouse likes the dog. If something eats the lion then the lion likes the dog. If the lion visits the mouse and the lion eats the mouse then the lion is kind. If something likes the lion then it is kind. If something likes the lion then the lion is nice. If something visits the dog then it visits the mouse. If something likes the mouse then it does not like the dog. If something likes the dog and the dog is kind then the dog is not big. If the dog is kind and the dog is not big then the dog visits the lion.\n\nQuestion: The dog does not visit the lion.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The dog likes the lion. The lion eats the mouse. The mouse likes the dog. If something eats the lion then the lion likes the dog. If the lion visits the mouse and the lion eats the mouse then the lion is kind. If something likes the lion then it is kind. If something likes the lion then the lion is nice. If something visits the dog then it visits the mouse. If something likes the mouse then it does not like the dog. If something likes the dog and the dog is kind then the dog is not big. If the dog is kind and the dog is not big then the dog visits the lion.", + "original_question": "The dog does not visit the lion." + }, + { + "id": "AttNeg-OWA-D0-1443", + "question": "Anne is not green. Anne is kind. Anne is red. Anne is round. Anne is not smart. Anne is white. Anne is young. If something is smart then it is white. If Anne is young and Anne is not smart then Anne is white.\n\nQuestion: Anne is young.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Anne is not green. Anne is kind. Anne is red. Anne is round. Anne is not smart. Anne is white. Anne is young. If something is smart then it is white. If Anne is young and Anne is not smart then Anne is white.", + "original_question": "Anne is young." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D0-3610", + "question": "Charlie is round. Gary is rough. If something is red then it is big. If Gary is green then Gary is rough. All rough, big things are round. All round, rough things are red. If something is round and green then it is big. If something is quiet then it is white.\n\nQuestion: Gary is not rough.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Charlie is round. Gary is rough. If something is red then it is big. If Gary is green then Gary is rough. All rough, big things are round. All round, rough things are red. If something is round and green then it is big. If something is quiet then it is white.", + "original_question": "Gary is not rough." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D0-2221", + "question": "The cat eats the squirrel. The cat is blue. The cat is rough. The cat sees the squirrel. The squirrel eats the cat. The squirrel is blue. The squirrel is not rough. The squirrel is round. The squirrel does not see the cat. The squirrel visits the cat. If someone visits the squirrel then they see the cat. If someone eats the cat and the cat visits the squirrel then the squirrel sees the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cat is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The cat eats the squirrel. The cat is blue. The cat is rough. The cat sees the squirrel. The squirrel eats the cat. The squirrel is blue. The squirrel is not rough. The squirrel is round. The squirrel does not see the cat. The squirrel visits the cat. If someone visits the squirrel then they see the cat. If someone eats the cat and the cat visits the squirrel then the squirrel sees the cat.", + "original_question": "The cat is blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D5-279", + "question": "The bear is blue. The bear is round. The bear sees the cow. The cow is blue. The lion is rough. The lion likes the tiger. The lion sees the bear. The tiger is cold. The tiger is round. The tiger sees the bear. The tiger sees the cow. If someone is blue then they like the tiger. If the cow is blue then the cow chases the lion. If someone likes the tiger and the tiger sees the bear then they chase the lion. If someone likes the lion then the lion chases the tiger. If the cow is cold and the cow chases the bear then the bear chases the tiger. If someone chases the cow and they chase the lion then they chase the bear. If someone is rough then they chase the cow. If someone is cold then they are blue. If someone is blue and they chase the lion then they are rough.\n\nQuestion: The tiger sees the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "The bear is blue. The bear is round. The bear sees the cow. The cow is blue. The lion is rough. The lion likes the tiger. The lion sees the bear. The tiger is cold. The tiger is round. The tiger sees the bear. The tiger sees the cow. If someone is blue then they like the tiger. If the cow is blue then the cow chases the lion. If someone likes the tiger and the tiger sees the bear then they chase the lion. If someone likes the lion then the lion chases the tiger. If the cow is cold and the cow chases the bear then the bear chases the tiger. If someone chases the cow and they chase the lion then they chase the bear. If someone is rough then they chase the cow. If someone is cold then they are blue. If someone is blue and they chase the lion then they are rough.", + "original_question": "The tiger sees the cow." + }, + { + "id": "AttNoneg-OWA-D3-30", + "question": "Erin is blue. Erin is smart. Erin is young. All blue people are cold. If someone is cold then they are red. If Erin is blue and Erin is red then Erin is quiet.\n\nQuestion: Erin is blue.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 0, + "original_theory": "Erin is blue. Erin is smart. Erin is young. All blue people are cold. If someone is cold then they are red. If Erin is blue and Erin is red then Erin is quiet.", + "original_question": "Erin is blue." + }, + { + "id": "RelNeg-OWA-D3-1588", + "question": "The mouse eats the squirrel. The mouse is not red. The squirrel is green. If someone eats the mouse then the mouse needs the squirrel. If the mouse is not rough and the mouse does not eat the squirrel then the mouse does not need the squirrel. If someone needs the squirrel then they need the mouse. If someone eats the squirrel then they eat the mouse. If someone is red and they eat the squirrel then the squirrel is big. If someone visits the squirrel then the squirrel is not kind. If someone visits the mouse and they do not need the mouse then the mouse visits the squirrel. If the mouse does not need the squirrel then the mouse visits the squirrel.\n\nQuestion: The mouse does not need the squirrel.", + "answer": false, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The mouse eats the squirrel. The mouse is not red. The squirrel is green. If someone eats the mouse then the mouse needs the squirrel. If the mouse is not rough and the mouse does not eat the squirrel then the mouse does not need the squirrel. If someone needs the squirrel then they need the mouse. If someone eats the squirrel then they eat the mouse. If someone is red and they eat the squirrel then the squirrel is big. If someone visits the squirrel then the squirrel is not kind. If someone visits the mouse and they do not need the mouse then the mouse visits the squirrel. If the mouse does not need the squirrel then the mouse visits the squirrel.", + "original_question": "The mouse does not need the squirrel." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-189", + "question": "The bald eagle chases the squirrel. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle likes the squirrel. The cat chases the cow. The cat likes the bald eagle. The cat likes the squirrel. The cat sees the squirrel. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow chases the squirrel. The cow likes the cat. The squirrel chases the cat. The squirrel is kind. If someone chases the bald eagle then they are cold. If someone is rough then they like the cow. If the cow is cold then the cow is rough. If someone chases the cow and they are cold then they like the cat. If someone likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the squirrel then the squirrel chases the bald eagle. Kind people are rough. If someone likes the squirrel then they chase the cow. If the bald eagle is kind then the bald eagle sees the cat.\n\nQuestion: The cow likes the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 3, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle chases the squirrel. The bald eagle is rough. The bald eagle likes the squirrel. The cat chases the cow. The cat likes the bald eagle. The cat likes the squirrel. The cat sees the squirrel. The cow chases the bald eagle. The cow chases the squirrel. The cow likes the cat. The squirrel chases the cat. The squirrel is kind. If someone chases the bald eagle then they are cold. If someone is rough then they like the cow. If the cow is cold then the cow is rough. If someone chases the cow and they are cold then they like the cat. If someone likes the bald eagle and the bald eagle sees the squirrel then the squirrel chases the bald eagle. Kind people are rough. If someone likes the squirrel then they chase the cow. If the bald eagle is kind then the bald eagle sees the cat.", + "original_question": "The cow likes the cow." + }, + { + "id": "RelNoneg-OWA-D3-315", + "question": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The cat is kind. The cow is round. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit visits the bald eagle. If something needs the rabbit and the rabbit is round then it is green. If something is cold then it needs the rabbit. If something needs the cow then it visits the cow. If something is kind and it needs the bald eagle then it is round. If something eats the cat then the cat needs the cow. If something needs the cow and the cow visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is green. If something needs the cat then the cat needs the rabbit. If something visits the cow then the cow eats the rabbit.\n\nQuestion: The cat visits the cow.", + "answer": true, + "QDep": 2, + "original_theory": "The bald eagle eats the cat. The cat is kind. The cow is round. The rabbit eats the bald eagle. The rabbit eats the cow. The rabbit is kind. The rabbit visits the bald eagle. If something needs the rabbit and the rabbit is round then it is green. If something is cold then it needs the rabbit. If something needs the cow then it visits the cow. If something is kind and it needs the bald eagle then it is round. If something eats the cat then the cat needs the cow. If something needs the cow and the cow visits the bald eagle then the bald eagle is green. If something needs the cat then the cat needs the rabbit. If something visits the cow then the cow eats the rabbit.", + "original_question": "The cat visits the cow." + } +] \ No newline at end of file From 3c464dc2867ad5fd8d53ad9035f70870cf731de5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DebarghaG Date: Wed, 15 Oct 2025 16:22:56 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 03/11] Adding ConditionalQA --- examples/bench_conditionalqa.py | 311 + examples/conditionalqa_documents.json | 73113 +++++++++++++++ .../conditionalqa_documents_processed.json | 73765 ++++++++++++++++ examples/conditionalqa_train.json | 49490 +++++++++++ examples/conditionalqa_train_processed.json | 12072 +++ 5 files changed, 208751 insertions(+) create mode 100644 examples/bench_conditionalqa.py create mode 100644 examples/conditionalqa_documents.json create mode 100644 examples/conditionalqa_documents_processed.json create mode 100644 examples/conditionalqa_train.json create mode 100644 examples/conditionalqa_train_processed.json diff --git a/examples/bench_conditionalqa.py b/examples/bench_conditionalqa.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..37f4db0 --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/bench_conditionalqa.py @@ -0,0 +1,311 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +"""Benchmark: ConditionalQA with SMT2 backend and Azure OpenAI. + +ConditionalQA is a reading comprehension dataset that requires conditional reasoning +over legal and government documents. Questions include a scenario and ask whether +specific conditions apply based on the document content. + +Dataset: ConditionalQA (UK government documents) +Format: +- Documents: 652 UK government web pages with legal/procedural information +- Questions: 2,338 scenario-based questions requiring document reasoning +Structure: +- Each question has: url, scenario, question, answers, evidences +- Documents have: title, url, contents (list of HTML snippets) + +Evaluation Strategy: Boolean Question Subset +We focus on boolean (yes/no) questions for clean SMT verification: +- Filter to only questions with "yes"/"no" answers (~60% of dataset) +- Keep original Q&A format (minimal preprocessing) +- Direct SAT/UNSAT evaluation matches boolean answers +""" + +import json +import logging +import os +import sys +from pathlib import Path +from typing import Any + +# Add parent directory to path for z3dsl imports +sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) + +from azure_config import get_client_config + +from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought + +# Configure logging +logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") + + +def clean_html_content(html_list: list[str]) -> str: + """Convert list of HTML snippets to clean text for reasoning. + + Args: + html_list: List of HTML content strings + + Returns: + Clean text with basic structure preserved + """ + import re + + text_parts = [] + for html in html_list: + # Remove HTML tags but preserve structure + text = re.sub(r"", "\n## ", html) + text = re.sub(r"", "\n", text) + text = re.sub(r"

", "\n", text) + text = re.sub(r"

", "\n", text) + text = re.sub(r"
  • ", "\n- ", text) + text = re.sub(r"
    • ", "", text) + text = re.sub(r"", "\n| ", text) + text = re.sub(r"", " |", text) + text = re.sub(r"<[^>]+>", "", text) + + # Clean up whitespace + text = re.sub(r"\n\s*\n\s*\n", "\n\n", text) + text = text.strip() + + if text: + text_parts.append(text) + + return "\n\n".join(text_parts) + + +def preprocess_documents(documents_path: str, output_path: str) -> dict[str, dict[str, Any]]: + """Preprocess ConditionalQA documents for reasoning. + + Args: + documents_path: Path to conditionalqa_documents.json + output_path: Path to save preprocessed documents + + Returns: + Dictionary mapping URL to processed document data + """ + with open(documents_path) as f: + documents = json.load(f) + + print(f"Total documents: {len(documents)}") + + processed_docs = {} + for doc in documents: + url = doc["url"] + title = doc["title"] + contents_text = clean_html_content(doc["contents"]) + + processed_docs[url] = { + "url": url, + "title": title, + "content": contents_text, + "original_contents": doc["contents"], + } + + with open(output_path, "w") as f: + json.dump(processed_docs, f, indent=2) + + print(f"Preprocessed {len(processed_docs)} documents") + print(f"Saved to: {output_path}") + + return processed_docs + + +def preprocess_questions( + questions_path: str, + documents: dict[str, dict[str, Any]], + output_path: str, + max_samples: int | None = None, +) -> list[dict[str, Any]]: + """Preprocess ConditionalQA questions for evaluation. + + ConditionalQA format: + - url: Link to source document + - scenario: User's situation/context + - question: Specific question about the scenario + - not_answerable: Whether question can be answered from document + - answers: List of [answer_text, supporting_facts] + - evidences: List of HTML snippets supporting the answer + + Output format: + - id: Original question ID + - question: scenario + question + document content (MINIMAL CHANGES) + - answer: Boolean (True/False) for yes/no answers only + - url: Document URL + - answerable: Whether question is answerable + + Note: Only includes questions with boolean yes/no answers. + """ + with open(questions_path) as f: + questions = json.load(f) + + print(f"Total questions: {len(questions)}") + + processed = [] + answerable_count = 0 + not_answerable_count = 0 + skipped_non_boolean = 0 + + for q in questions: + url = q["url"] + + # Get associated document + if url not in documents: + print(f"Warning: No document found for URL {url}") + continue + + doc = documents[url] + + # Parse answer - ConditionalQA answers are [answer_text, supporting_facts] + answer_text = q["answers"][0][0] if q["answers"] else None + if not answer_text: + continue + + # Convert to boolean (filter to boolean-only) + answer_lower = answer_text.lower().strip() + if answer_lower in ["yes", "true"]: + answer_bool = True + elif answer_lower in ["no", "false"]: + answer_bool = False + else: + # Skip non-boolean answers + skipped_non_boolean += 1 + continue + + # Combine scenario, question, and document (MINIMAL - no transformation) + full_question = ( + f"Scenario: {q['scenario']}\n\n" + f"Question: {q['question']}\n\n" + f"Document - {doc['title']}:\n{doc['content']}" + ) + + is_answerable = not q.get("not_answerable", False) + if is_answerable: + answerable_count += 1 + else: + not_answerable_count += 1 + + processed.append( + { + "id": q["id"], + "question": full_question, + "answer": answer_bool, + "answer_text": answer_text, + "url": url, + "answerable": is_answerable, + "scenario": q["scenario"], + "original_question": q["question"], + } + ) + + if max_samples and len(processed) >= max_samples: + break + + with open(output_path, "w") as f: + json.dump(processed, f, indent=2) + + print(f"Preprocessed {len(processed)} questions (boolean answers only)") + print(f" - Answerable: {answerable_count}, Not answerable: {not_answerable_count}") + print(f" - Skipped non-boolean: {skipped_non_boolean}") + print(f"Saved to: {output_path}") + + return processed + + +def main() -> None: + """Run ConditionalQA benchmark.""" + # Preprocess documents + documents_file = "examples/conditionalqa_documents.json" + processed_docs_file = "examples/conditionalqa_documents_processed.json" + + print("=" * 80) + print("STAGE 1: PREPROCESSING DOCUMENTS") + print("=" * 80) + + if os.path.exists(processed_docs_file): + print(f"Loading preprocessed documents from {processed_docs_file}") + with open(processed_docs_file) as f: + processed_docs = json.load(f) + else: + print("Preprocessing ConditionalQA documents...") + processed_docs = preprocess_documents(documents_file, processed_docs_file) + + print() + + # Preprocess questions + questions_file = "examples/conditionalqa_train.json" + processed_questions_file = "examples/conditionalqa_train_processed.json" + + print("=" * 80) + print("STAGE 2: PREPROCESSING QUESTIONS") + print("=" * 80) + + if os.path.exists(processed_questions_file): + print(f"Loading preprocessed questions from {processed_questions_file}") + else: + print("Preprocessing ConditionalQA questions...") + preprocess_questions(questions_file, processed_docs, processed_questions_file) + + print() + + # Get Azure OpenAI configuration + config = get_client_config() + + # Create ProofOfThought instance with SMT2 backend + pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2", + max_attempts=3, + cache_dir="output/programs_smt2_conditionalqa", + z3_path="z3", + ) + + # Run evaluation + print("=" * 80) + print("STAGE 3: EVALUATING QUESTIONS") + print("=" * 80) + + # Create evaluation pipeline with parallel workers + evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( + proof_of_thought=pot, + output_dir="output/evaluation_results_conditionalqa", + num_workers=10, + ) + + # Run evaluation on preprocessed questions + result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset=processed_questions_file, + question_field="question", + answer_field="answer", + id_field="id", + max_samples=100, + skip_existing=True, + ) + + # Print results + print("\n" + "=" * 80) + print("CONDITIONALQA BENCHMARK RESULTS (SMT2 Backend + Azure GPT-5)") + print("=" * 80) + print(f"Total Samples: {result.metrics.total_samples}") + print(f"Correct: {result.metrics.correct_answers}") + print(f"Wrong: {result.metrics.wrong_answers}") + print(f"Failed: {result.metrics.failed_answers}") + print() + print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") + print(f"Precision: {result.metrics.precision:.4f}") + print(f"Recall: {result.metrics.recall:.4f}") + print(f"F1 Score: {result.metrics.f1_score:.4f}") + print(f"Specificity: {result.metrics.specificity:.4f}") + print() + print(f"True Positives: {result.metrics.tp}") + print(f"True Negatives: {result.metrics.tn}") + print(f"False Positives: {result.metrics.fp}") + print(f"False Negatives: {result.metrics.fn}") + print("=" * 80) + print("\nNOTE: ConditionalQA benchmark uses boolean question subset.") + print(" Dataset: 652 documents, filtered to ~60% with yes/no answers.") + print(" Original Q&A format preserved (minimal preprocessing).") + print("=" * 80) + + +if __name__ == "__main__": + main() diff --git a/examples/conditionalqa_documents.json b/examples/conditionalqa_documents.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..200464a --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/conditionalqa_documents.json @@ -0,0 +1,73113 @@ +[ + { + "title": "Child Tax Credit", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-tax-credit", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit if you already get Working Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply for Child Tax Credit, you can apply for Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    The amount you can get depends on how many children you\u2019ve got and whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • making a new claim for Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • already claiming Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "

    Child Tax Credit will not affect your Child Benefit.

    ", + "

    You can only claim Child Tax Credit for children you\u2019re responsible for.

    ", + "

    If you're making a new claim

    ", + "

    You can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit if you already get Working Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    You can only claim Child Tax Credit for children you\u2019re responsible for.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    The amount you could get depends on when your children were born.

    ", + "

    If all your children were born before 6 April 2017

    ", + "

    You could get the \u2018child element\u2019 of Child Tax Credit for all of your children.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get the basic amount, known as the \u2018family element\u2019.

    ", + "

    If one or more of your children were born on or after 6 April 2017

    ", + "

    You could get the child element of Child Tax Credit for up to 2 children. You might get the child element for more children if exceptions apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only get the family element if at least one of your children was born before 6 April 2017.

    ", + "

    Child Tax Credit rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year

    ", + "Element | Yearly amount", + "The basic amount (this is known as \u2018the family element\u2019) | Up to \u00a3545", + "For each child (this is known as \u2018the child element\u2019) | Up to \u00a32,845", + "For each disabled child | Up to \u00a33,435 (on top of the child element)", + "For each severely disabled child | Up to \u00a31,390 (on top of the child element and the disabled child element)", + "

    Use the tax credit calculator to work out how much you could get.

    ", + "

    Moving to the UK from the EEA

    ", + "

    You must wait 3 months before claiming Child Tax Credit if you arrived in the UK from the EEA on or after 1 July 2014 and do not work.

    ", + "

    There are some exceptions who will not have to wait 3 months, for example refugees.

    ", + "

    You're already claiming Child Tax Credit

    ", + "

    How much Child Tax Credit you get depends on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs if your circumstances change.

    ", + "

    If your claim started before 6 April 2017

    ", + "

    You get:

    ", + "
  • the basic amount of Child Tax Credit (known as the \u2018family element\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018child element\u2019 for children born before 6 April 2017
    • ", + "

    If you have another child on or after 6 April 2017, you\u2019ll usually only get the child element for them if they\u2019re the second child you\u2019re claiming for.

    ", + "

    You might get the child element for more children if exceptions apply.

    ", + "

    If your claim started on or after 6 April 2017

    ", + "

    You get the child element for up to 2 children. You might get the child element for more children if exceptions apply.

    ", + "

    You only get the family element if at least one of your children was born before 6 April 2017.

    ", + "

    If all your children were born before 6 April 2017

    ", + "

    You get the child element for all your children. You also get the basic amount (known as the family element).

    ", + "

    Child Tax Credit rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year

    ", + "Element | Yearly amount", + "The basic amount (this is known as \u2018the family element\u2019) | Up to \u00a3545", + "For each child (this is known as \u2018the child element\u2019) | Up to \u00a32,845", + "For each disabled child | Up to \u00a33,435 (on top of the child element)", + "For each severely disabled child | Up to \u00a31,390 (on top of the child element and the disabled child element)", + "

    Use the tax credit calculator to work out how much you could get.

    ", + "

    How you're paid

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account (a bank account, for example) of the person mainly responsible for the child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re paid every week or every 4 weeks from the date of your claim up to the end of the tax year (5 April), unless your circumstances change.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can no longer make a new claim for Child Tax Credit. You can apply for Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.

    ", + "

    You can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit if you already get Working Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    To claim Child Tax Credit, update your existing tax credit claim by reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.

    ", + "

    Responsibility for a child

    ", + "

    You can only claim Child Tax Credit for children you\u2019re responsible for.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re usually responsible for a child if:

    ", + "
  • they live with you all the time
    • ", + "
  • they normally live with you and you\u2019re the main carer
    • ", + "
  • they keep their toys and clothes at your home
    • ", + "
  • you pay for their meals and give them pocket money
    • ", + "
  • they live in an EEA country or Switzerland but are financially dependent on you
    • ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure you\u2019re responsible for the child.

    ", + "

    If you share responsibility for a child and you cannot agree who should claim you can both apply. HMRC will decide for you.

    ", + "

    If you adopted or fostered a child

    ", + "

    You can claim for an adopted or fostered child if you\u2019re not getting money from your local council (Health and Social Services Board in Northern Ireland). If you do get money, call HMRC to find out if you can claim.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re responsible for a disabled child

    ", + "

    You may get extra Child Tax Credits if your child either:

    ", + "
  • gets Disability Living Allowance, Personal Independence Payment or Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • is certified blind (or was within 28 weeks of your tax credits claim)
    • ", + "

    You still qualify if Disability Living Allowance, Personal Independence Payment or Armed Forces Independence Payment stops because the child goes into hospital.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Working Tax Credit", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-tax-credit", + "contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can only make a claim for Working Tax Credit if you already get Child Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply for Working Tax Credit, you can apply for Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.

    ", + "

    Hours you work

    ", + "

    You must work a certain number of hours a week to qualify.

    ", + "Circumstance | Hours a week", + "Aged 25 to 59 | At least 30 hours", + "Aged 60 or over | At least 16 hours", + "Disabled | At least 16 hours", + "Single with 1 or more children | At least 16 hours", + "Couple with 1 or more children | Usually, at least 24 hours between you (with 1 of you working at least 16 hours)", + "

    A child is someone who is under 16 (or under 20 if they\u2019re in approved education or training).

    ", + "

    Use the tax credits calculator to check if you work the right number of hours.

    ", + "

    You can still apply for Working Tax Credit if you\u2019re on leave.

    ", + "

    Exceptions for couples with at least one child

    ", + "

    You can claim if you work less than 24 hours a week between you and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you work at least 16 hours a week and you\u2019re disabled or aged 60 or above
    • ", + "
  • you work at least 16 hours a week and your partner is incapacitated (getting certain benefits because of disability or ill health), is entitled to Carer\u2019s Allowance, or is in hospital or prison
    • ", + "

    What counts as work

    ", + "

    Your work can be:

    ", + "
  • for someone else, as a worker or employee
    • ", + "
  • as someone who\u2019s self-employed
    • ", + "
  • a mixture of the two
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    Some self-employed people are not eligible for Working Tax Credit. To qualify, your self-employed work must aim to make a profit. It must also be commercial, regular and organised.

    ", + "

    This means you may not qualify if you do not:

    ", + "
  • make a profit or have clear plans to make one
    • ", + "
  • work regularly
    • ", + "
  • keep business records, such as receipts and invoices
    • ", + "
  • follow any regulations that apply to your work, for example having the right licence or insurance
    • ", + "

    If the average hourly profit from your self-employed work is less than the National Minimum Wage, HM Revenue and Customs may ask you to provide:

    ", + "
  • business records
    • ", + "
  • your business plan - find out how to write a business plan
    • ", + "
  • details of the day-to-day running of your business
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019ve promoted your business - such as advertisements or flyers
    • ", + "

    Your pay

    ", + "

    The work must last at least 4 weeks (or you must expect it to last 4 weeks) and must be paid.

    ", + "

    This can include payment in kind (for example farm produce for a farm labourer) or where you expect to be paid for the work.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    Paid work does not include money paid:

    ", + "
  • for a \u2018Rent a Room\u2019 scheme (less than \u00a37,500 or \u00a33,750 for joint owners)
    • ", + "
  • for work done while in prison
    • ", + "
  • as a grant for training or studying
    • ", + "
  • as a sports award
    • ", + "

    Your income

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no set limit for income because it depends on your circumstances (and those of your partner). For example, \u00a318,000 for a couple without children or \u00a313,100 for a single person without children - but it can be higher if you have children, pay for approved childcare or one of you is disabled.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You get a basic amount and extra (known as \u2018elements\u2019) on top of this.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on things like your circumstances and income.

    ", + "

    The basic amount is up to \u00a32,005 a year.

    ", + "Element | Amount", + "You\u2019re a couple applying together | Up to \u00a32,060 a year", + "You\u2019re a single parent | Up to \u00a32,060 a year", + "You work at least 30 hours a week | Up to \u00a3830 a year", + "You have a disability | Up to \u00a33,240 a year", + "You have a severe disability | Up to \u00a31,400 a year (usually on top of the disability payment)", + "You pay for approved childcare | Up to \u00a3122.50 (1 child) or \u00a3210 (2 or more children) a week", + "

    Use the tax credits calculator to work out how much you could get.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    Money is paid directly into your bank or building society account, every week or 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    You must choose one account if you\u2019re a couple.

    ", + "

    Usually, you\u2019re paid from the date of your claim up to the end of the tax year (5 April).

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change

    ", + "

    Your tax credits can go up or down if your family or work life change if you start a new job, you\u2019re laid off work or your partner dies.

    ", + "

    You must report these changes to HM Revenue and Customs.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can no longer make a new claim for Working Tax Credit. You can apply for Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.

    ", + "

    You can only make a claim for Working Tax Credit if you already get Child Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    To claim Working Tax Credit, update your existing tax credit claim by reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.

    ", + "

    Leave and gaps in your employment

    ", + "

    You can get Working Tax Credit for periods when you do not work. For example, when you:

    ", + "
  • go on maternity leave
    • ", + "
  • get sick pay
    • ", + "
  • are in between jobs
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to the tax credits for a certain period of time providing you qualify.

    ", + "

    If you do not return to work at the end of the period contact HM Revenue and Customs.

    ", + "Circumstance | Period you get tax credits for", + "You lose or leave your job | For 4 weeks", + "You\u2019re on maternity leave | For the first 39 weeks of your leave", + "You\u2019re on adoption leave | For the first 39 weeks of your leave", + "You\u2019re on paternity leave | For the period of your ordinary paternity leave", + "You\u2019re on additional paternity leave | Up to the equivalent 39th week of your partner\u2019s leave", + "You\u2019re off sick | For the first 28 weeks", + "You\u2019re on strike | For the first 10 days", + "You\u2019re laid off work | For 4 weeks after you\u2019re laid off or the lay off becomes indefinite", + "You\u2019re suspended from work - for example because of a complaint | Usually the period of suspension", + "

    Qualifying rules

    ", + "

    To qualify, you must:

    ", + "
  • have been in paid work
    • ", + "
  • have worked the right number of hours before you go on leave or the gap happens
    • ", + "
  • have got Statutory Sick Pay or an equivalent benefit if you were on sick leave
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still qualify if you were self employed and you would have been eligible for Statutory Sick Pay or an equivalent benefit if you were not self employed.

    ", + "

    The equivalent benefits are National Insurance credits (incapacity for work element), Employment and Support Allowance or Income Support (incapacity for work element).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Manage your Child Maintenance Service case", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/manage-child-maintenance-case", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service is for parents who have not been able to make a private arrangement for paying their child\u2019s living costs.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve set up a Child Maintenance Service case, you:

    ", + "
  • can manage your case online
    • ", + "
  • need to report any changes to your circumstances, for example changes to your employment, benefits or the people who live with you
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Making and getting payments

    ", + "

    Child maintenance can be paid:

    ", + "
  • between parents
    • ", + "
  • directly from the paying parent\u2019s earnings - arranged with their employer
    • ", + "
  • by Direct Debit
    • ", + "
  • by reducing the paying parent\u2019s benefits
    • ", + "

    Payments are paid into the receiving parent\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    The receiving parent has main day-to-day care of the child. The paying parent does not have main day-to-day care.

    ", + "

    Contact the Child Maintenance Service if you\u2019re having problems paying.

    ", + "

    You can adjust your payment plan if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re experiencing domestic abuse or controlling behaviour

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service. They can arrange payments with your child\u2019s other parent for you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your name, you can arrange child maintenance without the other parent knowing your new name.

    ", + "

    If you do not want the other parent to know where you live, ask your bank to set up an account with a \u2018non-geographic\u2019 sort code. The Child Maintenance Service can give you a letter for your bank explaining why you need to set up this type of account.

    ", + "

    Making payments yourself

    ", + "

    Once the Child Maintenance Service has worked out an amount, you can make the payments yourself.

    ", + "

    This is called Direct Pay.

    ", + "

    The easiest way to pay is by standing order - payments go direct from the paying parent\u2019s bank, building society or Post Office account into the receiving parent\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service can still enforce missed payments. Keep a record of payments in case there are any problems in the future.

    ", + "

    Either parent can choose Direct Pay without needing the other\u2019s consent, unless there\u2019s evidence that the paying parent is unlikely to pay.

    ", + "

    Arranging payments for you

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using the Child Maintenance Service to collect and pass on payments, they\u2019ll arrange this based on when the paying parent is paid their wages, pension or benefits.

    ", + "

    This is called Collect and Pay.

    ", + "

    You must tell the Child Maintenance Service about any Direct Pay transactions you make or receive while you\u2019re signed up to the Collect and Pay service.

    ", + "

    Collection fees

    ", + "

    You have to pay a fee each time you make or receive a regular child maintenance payment. The fee is:

    ", + "
  • 20% (which is added to the payment) for paying parents
    • ", + "
  • 4% (which is taken off the payment) for receiving parents
    • ", + "

    You cannot avoid collection fees by making payments in advance.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay:

    ", + "
  • any fees if you choose a private arrangement
    • ", + "
  • collection fees if you use Direct Pay
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019ll pay or receive the money

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the paying parent you\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining how much you need to pay and when. This is called a payment plan.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the receiving parent, you\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you what payments will be made and when. This is called an expected payment plan.

    ", + "

    The first payment is usually made within 12 weeks of making payment arrangements.

    ", + "

    If a parent does not pay

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service will take action if child maintenance is not paid.

    ", + "

    Enforcement charges

    ", + "Action taken by the Child Maintenance Service | Charge", + "Liability order | \u00a3300", + "Lump sum deduction order | \u00a3200", + "Regular deduction order | \u00a350", + "Deduction from earnings request or order | \u00a350", + "

    What action is taken

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service will take action immediately if the paying parent pays through them.

    ", + "

    If the paying parent used the Child Maintenance Service to calculate child maintenance but pays directly, the receiving parent needs to ask the service to take action.

    ", + "

    Disagreements about parentage

    ", + "

    When someone denies they\u2019re the parent of a child, the Child Maintenance Service will:

    ", + "
  • ask them for evidence proving they\u2019re not the parent
    • ", + "
  • tell the other parent what\u2019s happened and ask for evidence to prove parentage
    • ", + "

    If there\u2019s no evidence to prove they\u2019re not the parent, the Child Maintenance Service can:

    ", + "
  • ask both parents to take a DNA test
    • ", + "
  • ask the courts to make a decision
    • ", + "

    Assumed parentage

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service can assume parentage if the person named as the parent:

    ", + "
  • was married to the child\u2019s mother at any time between the conception and birth of the child (unless the child was adopted)
    • ", + "
  • is named on the child\u2019s birth certificate (unless the child was adopted)
    • ", + "
  • has taken a DNA test that shows they\u2019re the parent
    • ", + "
  • has legally adopted the child
    • ", + "
  • is named in a court order as the parent when the child was born to a surrogate mother
    • ", + "

    If parentage is assumed, they\u2019ll work out a child maintenance amount. The person named as the parent has to pay this until they can prove that they\u2019re not the parent.

    ", + "

    Paying child maintenance during a disagreement

    ", + "

    When a child maintenance amount has already been worked out, the person named as the parent has to pay until they can provide evidence they\u2019re not the parent.

    ", + "

    When the amount has not been worked out, the service managing the case will not work it out or ask for payment until the disagreement has been sorted out.

    ", + "

    If the person is found to be the parent, the amount of child maintenance they have to pay will be back-dated.

    ", + "

    Named person proves they\u2019re not the parent

    ", + "

    When this happens, the Child Maintenance Service may:

    ", + "
  • refund any payments made after the date they first denied they were the parent, or offset the amount against maintenance for another child
    • ", + "
  • refund the cost of any DNA tests arranged through the service
    • ", + "

    They may also ask the other parent to pay back any child maintenance.

    ", + "

    Refunds depend on the circumstances of each case.

    ", + "

    Changes you need to report

    ", + "

    There are some changes you must tell the Child Maintenance Service about by law. You should report the change as soon as it happens.

    ", + "

    You can report changes to the Child Maintenance Service online or by phone.

    ", + "

    Either parent

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service if:

    ", + "
  • a parent or a child has died
    • ", + "
  • one of the parents is adopting a child
    • ", + "
  • you want to close your case
    • ", + "
  • you want to change from using a payment collection service to a Direct Pay service, or the other way around
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s a change to the number of nights a child regularly stays overnight with the paying parent
    • ", + "

    Paying parent

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service if you:

    ", + "
  • start or stop working for an employer
    • ", + "
  • start or stop being self-employed
    • ", + "
  • have lost your job or you\u2019re temporarily receiving Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • want to restart your payments
    • ", + "
  • have received notification of a court or tribunal date
    • ", + "
  • have received notification of a deduction order from a bank
    • ", + "
  • move house (give your new address within 7 days of moving)
    • ", + "
  • change your phone number (including mobile number)
    • ", + "
  • have an income change of 25% or more
    • ", + "

    Your payments may be reduced for a period. You\u2019ll get a payment schedule with the new amount.

    ", + "

    If you pay child maintenance through deductions in your earnings and you leave your job, you must tell the Child Maintenance Service:

    ", + "
  • the date you left your last job
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of your new employer (if any)
    • ", + "
  • how much you expect to earn
    • ", + "
  • your new payroll number (if any)
    • ", + "

    You should also report details about children who you or your partner have registered for Child Benefit, for example:

    ", + "
  • any changes to the number of children living with you
    • ", + "
  • if any child living with you reaches the age of 20
    • ", + "

    Receiving parent

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service if:

    ", + "
  • there\u2019s a change to the number of children living with you that you get child maintenance for
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s a change to the number of children that you or your partner have registered for Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • a child you get child maintenance for leaves full-time education (up to and including A Level) or reaches the age of 20
    • ", + "
  • you or any of the children you get child maintenance for no longer live in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you find out that the paying parent is coming off benefits
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re moving house or know that the other parent is
    • ", + "
  • your phone number (including mobile number) changes
    • ", + "
  • the paying parent\u2019s income has changed by 25% or more
    • ", + "

    When you report a change

    ", + "

    You might need to provide:

    ", + "
  • employers\u2019 details or payslips
    • ", + "
  • benefits information
    • ", + "
  • a tax return or an explanation of what you think you\u2019ll earn if you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "

    If you do not give the right information

    ", + "

    You could be taken to court and fined up to \u00a31,000 if you:

    ", + "
  • do not give the information you are asked for
    • ", + "
  • give information that you know is false
    • ", + "

    This applies to any person or organisation who, by law, must give the Child Maintenance Service information, for example:

    ", + "
  • employers
    • ", + "
  • accountants
    • ", + "
  • either parent
    • ", + "

    When changes could affect your payments

    ", + "

    Changes to your circumstances may mean a change to the amount of child maintenance you pay or receive.

    ", + "

    You can find out how child maintenance is worked out.

    ", + "

    Complaints and appeals

    ", + "

    Contact the Child Maintenance Service if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you\u2019ve received.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not satisfied with how the Child Maintenance Service deals with your complaint, ask for it to go to a senior manager and be looked at by the DWP Complaints team.

    ", + "

    Independent Case Examiner

    ", + "

    You can ask the Independent Case Examiner (ICE) to look into your complaint if you\u2019ve already been through the full complaints process.

    ", + "

    You must not contact the Independent Case Examiner until you\u2019ve received a final response from the Child Maintenance Service saying you can do so.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the response from the Independent Case Examiner, you can ask your MP to get the Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman to look into it.

    ", + "

    If your complaint is valid

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service will:

    ", + "
  • apologise and explain what went wrong
    • ", + "
  • make any changes needed to put it right
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been treated particularly badly, you may get a consolatory payment. However, you do not have a legal right to this.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can appeal a child maintenance decision about payment amounts.

    ", + "

    Before you can appeal, you must contact the Child Maintenance Service to ask for the decision to be looked at again. This is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019. You\u2019ll need to say why you disagree with the decision.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the outcome of the mandatory reconsideration, you can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal. The tribunal is impartial and independent of government.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal

    ", + "

    Appeal to the tribunal within one month of getting the mandatory reconsideration decision. If you submit your appeal after a month you\u2019ll have to explain why you did not do it earlier.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form SSCS2 and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to choose whether you want to go to the tribunal hearing to explain your case. If you do not attend, your appeal will be decided on your appeal form and any supporting evidence.

    ", + "

    After you submit your appeal, you can provide evidence. Your appeal and the evidence will be discussed at a hearing by a judge and one or two experts. The judge will then make a decision.

    ", + "

    It usually takes around 6 months for your appeal to be heard by the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Contact

    ", + "

    Report changes online

    ", + "

    Report changes to your circumstances through your online account.

    ", + "

    Call the Child Maintenance Service

    ", + "

    British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service

    ", + "

    Watch a video to check you can use the service.

    ", + "

    Go to the video relay service.

    ", + "

    Monday to Friday, 9.30am to 3.30pm

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different phone number if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Contact the Child Maintenance Service by post

    ", + "

    You can also write to the Child Maintenance Service.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Disability premiums", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disability-premiums", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Disability premiums are extra amounts of money added to your:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "

    Any money you get is added to your benefit payments automatically so you usually do not have to apply for a disability premium.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of disability premium for adults:

    ", + "
  • disability premium
    • ", + "
  • enhanced disability premium
    • ", + "
  • severe disability premium
    • ", + "

    You can get more than one premium at a time.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You can get the disability premium on its own. You might get the severe or enhanced disability premium as well if you\u2019re eligible for them.

    ", + "

    If you get income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) you cannot get the disability premium, but you may still qualify for the severe and enhanced premiums.

    ", + "

    Disability premium

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • \u00a335.10 a week for a single person
    • ", + "
  • \u00a350.05 a week for a couple
    • ", + "

    Severe disability premium

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • \u00a367.30 a week for a single person
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3134.60 a week for a couple if you\u2019re both eligible
    • ", + "

    Some couples will be eligible for the lower amount of \u00a367.30 a week instead.

    ", + "

    Enhanced disability premium

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • \u00a317.20 a week for a single person
    • ", + "
  • \u00a324.60 a week for a couple if at least one of you is eligible
    • ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account such as your bank account.

    ", + "

    There is a limit on the total amount of benefit that most people aged 16 to under State Pension age can get. This is called a benefit cap.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Disability premium payments can be added to your:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • housing benefit
    • ", + "

    You usually need to be eligible for the disability premium to qualify for the severe or enhanced premiums.

    ", + "

    If you get income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) you can only get the severe or enhanced premium.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to check your eligibility.

    ", + "

    Disability premium

    ", + "

    You or your partner must be under pension credit age and either registered blind or getting:

    ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP)
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit with a disability element
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • War Pensioners Mobility Supplement
    • ", + "
  • Severe Disablement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "

    If you do not qualify, you may still get the premium if you\u2019ve been unable to work for at least a year.

    ", + "

    Severe disability premium

    ", + "

    You must get the disability premium or income-related ESA, and one of the following qualifying benefits:

    ", + "
  • PIP daily living component
    • ", + "
  • AFIP
    • ", + "
  • DLA care component at the middle or highest rate
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance (or Constant Attendance Allowance paid with Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit or War Pension)
    • ", + "

    You usually cannot have anyone aged 18 or over living with you, unless they\u2019re in one of these situations:

    ", + "
  • they get a qualifying benefit
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re registered blind
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re a boarder or subtenant (but not a close relative)
    • ", + "
  • they make separate payments to the landlord
    • ", + "

    You cannot get the severe disability premium if someone is getting Carer\u2019s Allowance or the carers element of Universal Credit for looking after you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the higher amount of severe disability premium if both you and your partner are eligible.

    ", + "

    You can get the lower amount if:

    ", + "
  • someone gets Carers Allowance or the carers element of Universal Credit for looking after only one of you
    • ", + "
  • only one of you meets the eligibility criteria and the other is registered blind
    • ", + "

    Enhanced disability premium

    ", + "

    To get this, you must be under pension credit age.

    ", + "

    You must get the disability premium or income-related ESA, and one of the following:

    ", + "
  • PIP daily living component at the higher (\u2018enhanced\u2019) rate
    • ", + "
  • AFIP
    • ", + "
  • DLA care component at the highest rate
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get this if you\u2019re in the support group for income-related ESA.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You do not have to claim disability premium. If you\u2019re eligible, it\u2019s automatically added to your:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • housing benefit
    • ", + "

    Contact your local Jobcentre Plus if it has not been paid.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Cold Weather Payment", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cold-weather-payment", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may get a Cold Weather Payment if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or Support for Mortgage Interest.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a payment if the average temperature in your area is recorded as, or forecast to be, zero degrees celsius or below over 7 consecutive days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get \u00a325 for each 7 day period of very cold weather between 1 November and 31 March.

    ", + "

    The 2020 to 2021 Cold Weather Payment scheme has now ended. You\u2019ll be able to check if your area is due a payment when next year\u2019s scheme starts on 1 November 2021.

    ", + "

    Cold Weather Payments are different to Winter Fuel Payments.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get \u00a325 for each 7 day period of very cold weather between 1 November and 31 March.

    ", + "

    After each period of very cold weather in your area, you should get a payment within 14 working days. It\u2019s paid into the same bank or building society account as your benefit payments.

    ", + "

    Cold Weather Payments do not affect your other benefits.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You may get Cold Weather Payments if you\u2019re getting:

    ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Support for Mortgage Interest
    • ", + "

    Pension Credit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    Income Support and income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance and have any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a disability or pensioner premium
    • ", + "
  • a child who is disabled
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element
    • ", + "
  • a child under 5 living with you
    • ", + "

    Income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get income-related ESA and are in a work-related activity group or support group. If you\u2019re not in either group, you might also get Cold Weather Payments if you have any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a severe or enhanced disability premium
    • ", + "
  • a pensioner premium
    • ", + "
  • a child who is disabled
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element
    • ", + "
  • a child under 5 living with you
    • ", + "

    Universal Credit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get Universal Credit and you\u2019re not employed or self-employed. One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you have a health condition or disability and have limited capability for work (with or without work-related activity)
    • ", + "
  • you have a child under 5 living with you
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be eligible if you have a disabled child amount in your claim, whether you\u2019re employed or not.

    ", + "

    Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI) and have any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a severe or enhanced disability premium
    • ", + "
  • a pensioner premium
    • ", + "
  • a child who is disabled
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element
    • ", + "
  • a child under 5 living with you
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply. If you\u2019re eligible to get a Cold Weather Payment, you\u2019ll be paid it automatically.

    ", + "

    The 2020 to 2021 Cold Weather Payment scheme has now ended. You\u2019ll be able to check if your area is due a payment when next year\u2019s scheme starts on 1 November 2021.

    ", + "

    If you have a baby or a child under 5 comes to live with you

    ", + "

    Tell Jobcentre Plus if you get Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance and:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a baby
    • ", + "
  • a child under 5 has come to live with you
    • ", + "

    You will not automatically get Cold Weather Payments if you do not.

    ", + "

    If you do not receive your Cold Weather Payment

    ", + "

    Tell the Pension Service or Jobcentre Plus if you think you should\u2019ve received a Cold Weather Payment but you have not.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting Universal Credit, sign in to your account and add a note to your journal.

    ", + "

    If you do not have an online account, ring the Universal Credit helpline instead. The phone number is on letters about your Universal Credit claim.

    ", + "

    Hospital stays

    ", + "

    Tell the Pension Service or Jobcentre Plus if you go into hospital - this could affect your payment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting Universal Credit, sign in to your account and add a note to your journal.

    ", + "

    If you do not have an online account, ring the Universal Credit helpline instead. The phone number is on letters about your Universal Credit.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Winter Fuel Payment", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/winter-fuel-payment", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you were born on or before 5 October 1954 you could get between \u00a3100 and \u00a3300 to help you pay your heating bills. This is known as a \u2018Winter Fuel Payment\u2019.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You will get your Winter Fuel Payment automatically (you do not need to claim) if you\u2019re eligible and either:

    ", + "
  • get the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • get another social security benefit (not Housing Benefit, Council Tax Reduction, Child Benefit or Universal Credit)
    • ", + "

    If you do not get either of these, or if you live abroad, you may need to make a claim.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve got a Winter Fuel Payment before, you do not need to claim again unless you\u2019ve deferred your State Pension or moved abroad.

    ", + "

    The deadline for you to make a claim for winter 2020 to 2021 is 31 March 2021.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll be paid

    ", + "

    Most payments are made automatically in November or December. You should get your money by 31 March 2021.

    ", + "

    If you do not get your payment, contact the Winter Fuel Payment Centre.

    ", + "

    Any money you get will not affect your other benefits.

    ", + "

    Winter Fuel Payments are different to Cold Weather Payments.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You qualify for a Winter Fuel Payment if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were born on or before 5 October 1954
    • ", + "
  • you lived in the UK for at least one day during the week of 21 to 27 September 2020 - this is called the \u2018qualifying week\u2019
    • ", + "

    If you did not live in the UK during the qualifying week, you might still get the payment if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you live in Switzerland or a European Economic Area (EEA) country
    • ", + "
  • you have a genuine and sufficient link to the UK - this can include having lived or worked in the UK, and having family in the UK
    • ", + "

    Read guidance to check if you can get benefits as a UK national in an EU or EEA country, or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    You cannot get the payment if you live in Cyprus, France, Gibraltar, Greece, Malta, Portugal or Spain because the average winter temperature is higher than the warmest region of the UK.

    ", + "

    You may still be able to get Cold Weather Payment or the Warm Home Discount Scheme, even if you do not qualify for Winter Fuel Payment.

    ", + "

    When you will not qualify

    ", + "

    You will not qualify if you:

    ", + "
  • are in hospital getting free treatment for more than a year
    • ", + "
  • need permission to enter the UK and your granted leave states that you can not claim public funds
    • ", + "
  • were in prison for the whole week from 21 to 27 September 2020
    • ", + "
  • lived in a care home for the whole time from 29 June to 27 September 2020, and got Pension Credit, Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "

    How much you'll get

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your circumstances during the qualifying week. The qualifying week for winter 2020 to 2021 is 21 to 27 September 2020.

    ", + "

    Any money you get is tax-free and will not affect your other benefits.

    ", + " | Born between 28 September 1940 and 5 October 1954 | Born on or before 27 September 1940", + "You qualify and live alone (or none of the people you live with qualify) | \u00a3200 | \u00a3300", + "You qualify and live with someone under 80 who also qualifies | \u00a3100 | \u00a3200", + "You qualify and live with someone 80 or over who also qualifies | \u00a3100 | \u00a3150", + "You qualify, live in a care home and do not get certain benefits | \u00a3100 | \u00a3150", + "

    If you get certain benefits

    ", + "

    Your payment may be different if you or your partner get one of the following benefits:

    ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + " | Born between 28 September 1940 and 5 October 1954 | Born on or before 27 September 1940", + "You qualify, get one of the benefits and live alone (or none of the people you live with qualify) | \u00a3200 | \u00a3300", + "You qualify and live with someone who also gets one of the benefits | \u00a3200 - only one of you will get the payment | \u00a3300 - only one of you will get the payment", + "You qualify, live in a care home and get one of the benefits | Nil | Nil", + "

    When you\u2019ll get paid

    ", + "

    Most payments are made automatically in November or December.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you how much you will get and an estimated payment date.

    ", + "

    If the money is not paid into your account by 31 March 2021, contact the Winter Fuel Payment Centre.

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, such as a bank account.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You usually do not need to claim Winter Fuel Payment - you\u2019ll get it automatically if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    If you have not got a Winter Fuel Payment before, you only need to claim if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you do not get benefits or a State Pension
    • ", + "
  • you only get Housing Benefit, Council Tax Reduction, Child Benefit or Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • you get benefits or a State Pension but live in Switzerland or an EEA country
    • ", + "

    If you have got a Winter Fuel Payment before, you only need to claim if since your last payment you have either:

    ", + "
  • deferred your State Pension
    • ", + "
  • moved to Switzerland or an EEA country
    • ", + "

    Contact the Winter Fuel Payment Centre if your circumstances have changed.

    ", + "

    If you need to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim Winter Fuel Payment by phone or by post.

    ", + "

    Claim for the first time by phone

    ", + "

    Call the Winter Fuel Payment Centre to claim by phone.

    ", + "

    You will need to know:

    ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • your bank or building society details
    • ", + "
  • your BIC and IBAN numbers if you live in the EEA or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • the date you were married or entered into a civil partnership (if appropriate)
    • ", + "

    Payments can not be made into a National Savings and Investments (NS&I) account unless you already get other benefits paid into the account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to say whether during the qualifying week of 21 to 27 September 2020 you were:

    ", + "
  • in hospital getting free in-patient treatment
    • ", + "
  • in a residential care home or Ilford Park Resettlement Home
    • ", + "
  • in prison
    • ", + "

    Claim for the first time by post

    ", + "

    The claim form you need depends on where you live.

    ", + "
  • Winter Fuel Payment claim form if you live in the UK
    • ", + "
  • Winter Fuel Payment claim form if you live in Switzerland or an eligible EEA country
    • ", + "

    Send your claim to the following address if you\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    Send your claim to the following address if you\u2019re in an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Report a change or cancel your payment

    ", + "

    Contact the Winter Fuel Payment Centre if you\u2019ve claimed Winter Fuel Payment before and you:

    ", + "
  • need to report a change of circumstances
    • ", + "
  • need to change your address or personal details
    • ", + "
  • want to cancel future payments
    • ", + "
  • want to return a payment
    • ", + "

    Report any change of circumstances as soon as possible, as these can affect how much Winter Fuel Payment you get. For example, if you stop getting a benefit, move house or go into care.

    ", + "

    If you cancel your payments, you can change this at any time.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Christmas Bonus", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/christmas-bonus", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The Christmas Bonus is a one-off tax-free \u00a310 payment made before Christmas, paid to people who get certain benefits in the qualifying week. This is normally the first full week of December.

    ", + "

    You do not need to claim - you should get paid automatically.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The Christmas Bonus is a one-off payment of \u00a310.

    ", + "

    It will not affect any other benefits you get.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are normally paid into an account, such as your bank account. It may show up as \u2018DWP XB\u2019 on your bank statement.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To get a Christmas Bonus you must be present or \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Gibraltar during the qualifying week.

    ", + "

    If you live in or are moving to a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland, find out about benefits for UK nationals in the EU, EEA and Switzerland.

    ", + "

    You must also get at least one of the following benefits in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 - this is normally the first full week of December:

    ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance (paid under Industrial Injuries or War Pensions schemes)
    • ", + "
  • Contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance (once the main phase of the benefit is entered after the first 13 weeks of claim)
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit at the long-term rate
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Death Benefit (for widows or widowers)
    • ", + "
  • Mobility Supplement
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit - the guarantee element
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • State Pension (including Graduated Retirement Benefit)
    • ", + "
  • Severe Disablement Allowance (transitionally protected)
    • ", + "
  • Unemployability Supplement or Allowance (paid under Industrial Injuries or War Pensions schemes)
    • ", + "
  • War Disablement Pension at State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • War Widow\u2019s Pension
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Mother\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Widow\u2019s Pension
    • ", + "

    If you have not claimed your State Pension and are not entitled to one of the other qualifying benefits you will not get a Christmas Bonus

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You do not need to claim the Christmas Bonus - you should get it automatically.

    ", + "

    If you think you should get it, but have not, contact the Jobcentre Plus office that deals with your payments or the Pension Service.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re part of a married couple, in a civil partnership or living together as if you are and you both get one of the qualifying benefits you\u2019ll each get a Christmas Bonus payment.

    ", + "

    If your partner or civil partner does not get one of the qualifying benefits, they may still get the Christmas Bonus if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re both over State Pension age by the end of the qualifying week
    • ", + "
  • your partner or civil partner was also present (or \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019) in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man, Gibraltar, European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland during the qualifying week
    • ", + "

    and either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re entitled to an increase of a qualifying benefit for your partner or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • the only qualifying benefit you\u2019re getting is Pension Credit
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claiming benefits if you live, move or travel abroad", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-benefits-abroad", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may still be able to claim some benefits if you travel or move abroad, or if you\u2019re already living abroad. What you\u2019re entitled to depends on where you\u2019re going and how long for.

    ", + "

    Who to contact if you\u2019re going abroad

    ", + "

    Tell your local Jobcentre Plus or the office that pays your benefit if you\u2019re going abroad. If it\u2019s a temporary move, tell them when you\u2019re coming back.

    ", + "

    You must also tell HMRC if you\u2019re leaving the UK.

    ", + "

    Claiming when abroad

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re going to (or are already living in) a European Economic Area (EEA) country or a country with a special agreement with the UK, you may be able to claim:

    ", + "
  • UK-based benefits
    • ", + "
  • benefits provided by the country you\u2019re going to
    • ", + "

    You can also claim your State Pension abroad.

    ", + "

    Claiming benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re living in or planning to go to an EEA country or Switzerland you may be able to get some UK benefits.

    ", + "

    Find out if you can get benefits in the EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    When you get your payment

    ", + "

    The date you get your payment depends on which benefit you claim.

    ", + "

    If you live abroad and your payment is due in the same week as a US bank holiday, it could arrive one day late. This is because a US company processes these payments.

    ", + "

    Benefit fraud

    ", + "

    You\u2019re committing benefit fraud if you:

    ", + "
  • do not tell the office that pays your benefit you\u2019re going abroad, even if it\u2019s just for a visit
    • ", + "
  • deliberately do not report a change in your circumstances while abroad, like buying a property, working, or claiming a pension or benefit from another country
    • ", + "
  • are dishonest in order to get benefits, like continuing to claim the pension or benefit of someone who has died overseas
    • ", + "

    Where you can claim benefits

    ", + "

    European Economic Area (EEA) countries

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re living in or planning to go to an EEA country or Switzerland you may be able to get some UK benefits.

    ", + "

    Find out if you can get benefits in the EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Other countries with UK benefits arrangements

    ", + "

    The following countries have social security agreements with the UK:

    ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Bermuda
    • ", + "
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • Israel
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Kosovo
    • ", + "
  • Mauritius
    • ", + "
  • Montenegro
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • North Macedonia
    • ", + "
  • the Philippines
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Turkey
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    You may be able to claim certain benefits in these countries but it will depend on the particular country.

    ", + "

    Jobseeker's Allowance

    ", + "

    There are 3 different types of Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA):

    ", + "
  • \u2018new style\u2019 JSA
    • ", + "
  • contribution-based JSA
    • ", + "
  • income-based JSA
    • ", + "

    You cannot get income-based JSA abroad.

    ", + "

    You may get \u2018new style\u2019 JSA or contribution-based JSA in the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland for up to 3 months if you:

    ", + "
  • are entitled to it on the day you go abroad
    • ", + "
  • register as a jobseeker at least 4 weeks before you leave
    • ", + "
  • are looking for work in the UK up to the day you leave
    • ", + "
  • are going abroad to look for work
    • ", + "
  • register at the equivalent of a Jobcentre in the country you\u2019re going to
    • ", + "
  • follow the other country\u2019s rules on registering and looking for work
    • ", + "
  • are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement
    • ", + "

    Find out if you can get JSA in the EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Moving to a country not in the EEA

    ", + "

    Some countries outside the EEA have social security agreements with the UK. This means that if you\u2019ve paid enough National Insurance contributions in the UK, you may be able to get unemployment benefits in:

    ", + "
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ", + "
  • Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • Kosovo
    • ", + "
  • Macedonia
    • ", + "
  • Montenegro
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "

    Help and advice on JSA

    ", + "

    Maternity and childcare benefits

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)

    ", + "

    If you work for a UK employer in the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland, you may get SMP as long as you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out if you can get Statutory Maternity Pay in the EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    If you work in a different country, you can still get SMP as long as your employer pays UK National Insurance contributions for you.

    ", + "

    Talk to your employer about claiming SMP.

    ", + "

    Maternity Allowance

    ", + "

    If you cannot get SMP, you might be eligible for Maternity Allowance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, you may get Maternity Allowance in an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Find out if you can get Maternity Allowance in the EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to claim it in:

    ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ", + "
  • Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • Israel
    • ", + "
  • Kosovo
    • ", + "
  • Macedonia
    • ", + "
  • Montenegro
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Turkey
    • ", + "

    Ask your local Jobcentre Plus for more information.

    ", + "

    Child-related benefits

    ", + "

    You may also get the following in an EEA country or Switzerland if you\u2019re eligible:

    ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • tax credits
    • ", + "
  • Guardian\u2019s Allowance (you can claim this if you\u2019re getting Child Benefit for a child whose parents have both died)
    • ", + "

    Illness and injury benefits

    ", + "

    Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)

    ", + "

    You can get SSP if you\u2019re eligible and either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you work for a UK employer in the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • you work outside the EEA and your employer pays National Insurance contributions for you
    • ", + "

    Contact your employer to claim SSP.

    ", + "

    Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)

    ", + "

    You can get ESA for up to 4 weeks if you go abroad. Talk to your local Jobcentre Plus before you go.

    ", + "

    Going abroad for more than 4 weeks but less than a year

    ", + "

    Tell your local Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re going abroad for more than 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    You can carry on getting contribution-based ESA for up to 26 weeks if you\u2019re going abroad for medical treatment for yourself or your child.

    ", + "

    It does not matter which country you go to.

    ", + "

    Going abroad for more than a year

    ", + "

    You may get contribution-based ESA in the EEA or Switzerland if you:

    ", + "
  • are eligible
    • ", + "
  • have paid enough National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "
  • are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement
    • ", + "

    Find out if you can get contribution-based ESA in the EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Help and advice on ESA

    ", + "

    Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting Industrial Injuries Benefit for work-related accidents and illnesses, you can still get this abroad.

    ", + "

    Contact the office dealing with your benefit if you\u2019re still in the UK, or the International Pension Centre if you\u2019re living abroad.

    ", + "

    Help and advice on IIDB

    ", + "

    Benefits for carers and people with disabilities

    ", + "

    What you can claim depends on:

    ", + "
  • which benefit you\u2019re claiming
    • ", + "
  • where you\u2019re going and for how long
    • ", + "

    Going abroad temporarily

    ", + "

    You can claim the following benefits if you\u2019re going abroad for up to 13 weeks (or 26 weeks if it\u2019s for medical treatment):

    ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    You can carry on claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance if you take up to 4 weeks holiday out of a 26-week period.

    ", + "

    Tell the office that deals with your benefit that you\u2019ll be away.

    ", + "

    Going abroad permanently to an EEA country or Switzerland

    ", + "

    You or a family member may be able to claim benefits if you:

    ", + "
  • work in the UK or pay National Insurance in the UK because of work
    • ", + "
  • have paid enough National Insurance to qualify for contribution-based benefits
    • ", + "
  • are getting State Pension, Industrial Injuries Benefit, contribution-based ESA or bereavement benefits
    • ", + "
  • are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible then you may be able to claim:

    ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance care component
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment living component
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance or Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim Disability Living Allowance mobility component and Personal Independence Payment mobility component abroad.

    ", + "

    Find out if you can get benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    If you already live in an EEA country or Switzerland

    ", + "

    You do not need to have claimed in the UK before you moved. But you must:

    ", + "
  • be habitually resident in the EEA country or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • have a genuine link with the UK social security system, for example you\u2019ve lived or worked in the UK
    • ", + "
  • be covered by the Withdrawal Agreement
    • ", + "

    Find out if you can get benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Make a claim or change your details

    ", + "

    To make a claim or change any personal details, such as your address or bank account, write to the Exportability Team that deals with the benefit you are claiming.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making a claim, your letter should say:

    ", + "
  • what benefits you want to claim
    • ", + "
  • where you live
    • ", + "

    Attendance Allowance Exportability Team

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance Exportability Team

    ", + "

    Personal Independence Payment 7 Exportability Team

    ", + "

    Carer\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    You can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance or report a change of circumstances online.

    ", + "

    You can also write to the Carers Allowance Exportability Team.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Contact the Disability Benefits Exportability Team about Disability Living Allowance, Attendance Allowance and Personal Independence Payment.

    ", + "

    If you have a general enquiry about Carer\u2019s Allowance, contact the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a British Sign Language (BSL) user, you can use the video relay service. It\u2019s available Monday to Friday, 8am to 6pm - check you can use the service.

    ", + "

    Winter Fuel Payments

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim a Winter Fuel Payment if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were born on or before 5 October 1954
    • ", + "
  • you live in Switzerland or a European Economic Area (EEA) country (except for Cyprus, France, Gibraltar, Greece, Malta, Portugal or Spain)
    • ", + "
  • you have a genuine and sufficient link to the UK - this can include having lived or worked in the UK, and having family in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re covered by the Withdrawal Agreement
    • ", + "

    You do not need to have claimed Winter Fuel Payments in the UK before you go abroad.

    ", + "

    Find out if you can get Winter Fuel Payments in an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Bereavement benefits

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already getting a bereavement benefit when you move abroad, you\u2019ll still get it - it does not matter where you move to.

    ", + "

    You may be able to make a new claim if you live in certain countries outside the UK.

    ", + "

    European Economic Area (EEA) countries, Switzerland and Gibraltar

    ", + "

    If you live in an EEA country, Switzerland or Gibraltar, and you\u2019re eligible, you may be able to claim the following:

    ", + "
  • Bereavement Support Payment
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    Find out if you can get bereavement benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Countries outside the EEA

    ", + "

    You may also be able to claim bereavement benefits in some countries outside the EEA.

    ", + "

    Bereavement Support Payment:

    ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ", + "
  • Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • Israel
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Kosovo
    • ", + "
  • Macedonia
    • ", + "
  • Montenegro
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • the Philippines
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Turkey
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance:

    ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Bermuda
    • ", + "
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ", + "
  • Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • Israel
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Kosovo
    • ", + "
  • Macedonia
    • ", + "
  • Mauritius
    • ", + "
  • Montenegro
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • the Philippines
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Turkey
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    The rate and eligibility criteria may vary between countries.

    ", + "

    Help and advice on bereavement benefits

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Benefits and prison", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/benefits-and-prison", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Benefit payments and entitlement may change or stop if you, your partner or your child is:

    ", + "
  • sent to prison or a young offenders\u2019 institution
    • ", + "
  • in custody awaiting trial (on remand)
    • ", + "

    You must tell the Tax Credit Office about prison sentences.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim State Pension while you\u2019re in prison.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in prison or on remand

    ", + "

    You can get help from a benefits adviser to suspend or close down benefits you\u2019re no longer able to claim if you go to prison or on remand.

    ", + "

    If your partner or child is in prison or on remand

    ", + "

    If your partner or child has gone to prison or is on remand, you must tell whoever pays your benefits and find out:

    ", + "
  • if your benefit claims will be affected
    • ", + "
  • if you can claim other benefits
    • ", + "

    You may still be entitled to benefits if your partner has gone to prison, as long as you satisfy the benefit entitlement conditions in your own right.

    ", + "

    Benefits that stop or are suspended

    ", + "

    Your entitlement to benefit stops if you go to prison, apart from:

    ", + "
  • Housing Benefit\nfor shorter sentences
    • ", + "
  • help with council tax if you\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "
  • tax credits and Child Benefit, in some cases
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Disabled Benefit, which is suspended
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll stop getting Carer\u2019s Allowance if the person you care for goes to prison or is on remand.

    ", + "

    Benefits while on remand

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on remand, you cannot claim:

    ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Income Support - apart from help with housing costs
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit - although your partner may be able to claim for an absent partner
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance or Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit - apart from help with housing costs
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit
    • ", + "

    You will not be entitled to Statutory Sick Pay or Statutory Maternity Pay from your employer.

    ", + "

    Benefit arrears

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re owed any benefit arrears at the time you\u2019re sent to prison or on remand, you can make a request in writing for these to be paid to someone else.

    ", + "

    Benefit arrears if you\u2019re not convicted

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not convicted, you can get benefit arrears for:

    ", + "
  • Contributory Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "

    Benefit arrears if you\u2019re convicted

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re sent to prison and claim Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit, you may be entitled to up to a year\u2019s arrears whenever you\u2019re released.

    ", + "

    Claiming benefits on release

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re entitled to benefits, you can put in new claims as soon as you leave prison. You may also be able to get other financial and practical support.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim Job Seeker\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re released on temporary licence (ROTL).

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit

    ", + "

    You may be able to continue getting Housing Benefit or make a claim for the first time if you go to prison or are on remand.

    ", + "

    Making a new Housing Benefit claim

    ", + "

    You can only make a new claim for Housing Benefit if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you have reached State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you live in temporary accommodation
    • ", + "
  • you live in sheltered or supported housing with special facilities such as alarms or wardens
    • ", + "

    When you will not be able to claim

    ", + "

    You will not be entitled to claim Housing Benefit if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re likely to be on remand for more than 52 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re likely to be in prison for more than 13 weeks (including any time on remand)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not intending to return home on release
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re claiming as a couple and you\u2019ve split up
    • ", + "
  • the property is going to be rented out
    • ", + "

    On remand

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single

    ", + "

    You can claim Housing Benefit payments for up to 52 weeks while you\u2019re on remand, if you\u2019re likely to return home in a year or less.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple

    ", + "

    You can claim joint Housing Benefit for up to 52 weeks while one of you is on remand, if it\u2019s likely to be for a year or less.

    ", + "

    If your child is on remand

    ", + "

    Your Housing Benefit payments can continue for up to 52 weeks if your child\u2019s on remand, if they\u2019re likely to be away for a year or less.

    ", + "

    In prison

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single

    ", + "

    You can claim Housing Benefit for up to 13 weeks if you\u2019re single and go to prison and are likely to return home in 13 weeks or less - including any time on remand.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple

    ", + "

    You can claim joint Housing Benefit for up to 13 weeks if one of you has gone to prison and is likely to return home in 13 weeks or less - including any time on remand.

    ", + "

    If your partner\u2019s been the one claiming Housing Benefit and goes to prison, you may be able to claim it instead. You may need to have your name added to the tenancy agreement, if it\u2019s not there already.

    ", + "

    If your child is in prison

    ", + "

    If your child goes to prison, you\u2019ll need to contact your local council to see if your Housing Benefit entitlement will change. For example, if you rent from a private landlord, the amount of benefit paid is limited, depending on who\u2019s living with you.

    ", + "

    Council Tax exemption and reduction

    ", + "

    You will not count as an adult living in a property for Council Tax if you\u2019re in prison or on remand.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single

    ", + "

    You can apply for your home to be exempt from Council Tax if you\u2019re single, in prison or on remand, and there\u2019s no one living there.

    ", + "

    Your home will not be exempt if you\u2019re in prison for not paying Council Tax or a fine for not paying it.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple

    ", + "

    On remand

    ", + "

    You can apply or continue to get joint Council Tax Reduction if your partner\u2019s on remand and is expected home in a year or less.

    ", + "

    In prison

    ", + "

    You can claim or continue to claim joint Council Tax Reduction if your partner\u2019s expected to be in prison for 13 weeks or less \u2013 including any time on remand.

    ", + "

    Making a new claim

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a 25% discount off your Council Tax bill if your partner\u2019s going to be absent for more than 13 weeks and you\u2019re the only adult in the property. You may be able to apply for Council Tax Reduction if you do not already get it.

    ", + "

    Tax Credits

    ", + "

    Reporting changes

    ", + "

    You must tell the Tax Credit Office about changes that affect your tax credits. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next.

    ", + "

    Working Tax Credit

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single

    ", + "

    Your Working Tax Credit will stop if you\u2019re single and:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re on on remand
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re sent to prison
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re sent to a young offenders\u2019 institution
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple

    ", + "

    You may be able to continue claiming Working Tax Credit if you\u2019re in a couple and your partner goes to prison for a year or less.

    ", + "

    You must work a certain number of hours a week to qualify.

    ", + "

    Any work you do while you\u2019re serving a sentence or on remand will not be counted.

    ", + "

    Child Tax Credit

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single and you go to prison

    ", + "

    Your Child Tax Credit may stop if you\u2019re single with children and go to prison. The Tax Credit Office will decide by looking at:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re still responsible for your child
    • ", + "
  • how long you\u2019re in prison for
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re still in regular contact
    • ", + "
  • if your child\u2019s with you in prison
    • ", + "

    The person looking after your child or children may be able to claim Child Tax Credit if you cannot.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple and one of you goes to prison

    ", + "

    Your Child Tax Credit will continue if you\u2019re in a couple and one of you goes on remand or to prison.

    ", + "

    If your child goes to prison

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still get Child Tax Credit if your child goes to prison for 4 months or less.

    ", + "

    You will not get Child Tax Credit for your child\u2019s sentence if it\u2019s more than 4 months.

    ", + "

    Child Benefit

    ", + "

    You can continue to claim Child Benefit when you\u2019re in prison if:

    ", + "
  • your child is with you in prison
    • ", + "
  • the child you\u2019re claiming for for is living with someone else and you pay an equivalent sum to them
    • ", + "

    You can also ask to transfer the Child Benefit payment to someone else.

    ", + "

    If your child is being cared for by the local council, your Child Benefit payments will stop after 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    If your child goes to prison or is on remand

    ", + "

    Your Child Benefit payments will stop after 8 weeks if your child goes to prison or is on remand. You\u2019ll get arrears if they\u2019re cleared of the offence.

    ", + "

    Looking after someone else\u2019s child

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim Child Benefit and Guardian\u2019s Allowance if you look after your partner\u2019s child or someone else\u2019s child while they\u2019re in prison.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to to claim Child Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    Support for Mortgage Interest

    ", + "

    Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI) is no longer a benefit. It\u2019s now only available as a loan.

    ", + "

    You cannot get an SMI loan if you\u2019re serving a prison sentence but your partner might be able to claim instead.

    ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s name may not have to be on the mortgage to be able to claim.

    ", + "

    Getting an SMI loan while on remand

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single and on remand, you may be able to continue getting SMI loan payments if you meet the eligibility conditions.

    ", + "

    You cannot get an SMI loan or Income Support if you\u2019re part of a couple and on remand, but your partner can claim benefit and housing costs.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on remand, you must be getting Pension Credit or Income Support to get an SMI loan.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply for one of these benefits if you\u2019ve previously qualified for SMI by getting Income-based Job Seeker\u2019s Allowance or Employment and Support allowance.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only be able to get SMI loan payments - you will not be paid Pension Credit or Income Support.

    ", + "

    If you get Income Support and have accepted an offer of an SMI loan, you can only get loan payments after you\u2019ve been receiving the benefit for 39 consecutive weeks.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Benefit cap", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/benefit-cap", + "contents": [ + "

    Benefits affected by the cap

    ", + "

    The benefit cap is a limit on the total amount of benefit you can get. It applies to most people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    The benefit cap affects:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Bereavement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Maternity Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Severe Disablement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance (or Widowed Mother\u2019s Allowance or Widow\u2019s Pension if you started getting it before 9 April 2001)
    • ", + "

    You might not be affected by the benefit cap if you get certain benefits or you\u2019re over State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming Universal Credit the benefit cap might not start for 9 months, depending on your earnings.

    ", + "

    When you're not affected

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not affected by the cap if you\u2019re over State Pension age. If you\u2019re part of a couple and one of you is under State Pension age, the cap may apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not affected by the cap if you or your partner:

    ", + "
  • get Working Tax Credit (even if the amount you get is \u00a30)
    • ", + "
  • get Universal Credit because of a disability or health condition that stops you from working (this is called \u2018limited capability for work and work-related activity\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • get Universal Credit because you care for someone with a disability
    • ", + "
  • get Universal Credit and you and your partner earn \u00a3617 or more a month combined, after tax and National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re also not affected by the cap if you, your partner or any children under 18 living with you gets:

    ", + "
  • Armed Forces Compensation Scheme
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (if you get the support component)
    • ", + "
  • Guardian\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Benefits (and equivalent payments as part of a War Disablement Pension or the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme)
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • War pensions
    • ", + "
  • War Widow\u2019s or War Widower\u2019s Pension
    • ", + "

    If you are affected, the benefit cap might not start for 9 months - depending on your earnings.

    ", + "

    When the benefit cap affects your Universal Credit payments

    ", + "

    The benefit cap might not affect your Universal Credit payments for up to 9 months. This is called the \u2018grace period\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the grace period if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re claiming Universal Credit because you stopped working or your earnings went down
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re now earning less than \u00a3617 a month
    • ", + "
  • in each of the 12 months before your earnings went down or you stopped working, you earned the same as or more than the earnings threshold (this was \u00a3604 up to 11 April 2021 and is \u00a3617 from 12 April 2021)
    • ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s earnings will be included when working out how much you earned even if they\u2019re not claiming benefits. If you have separated from your partner, their earnings will be included for the time that you lived with them before you separated.

    ", + "

    You need to report your last 12 months\u2019 earnings when you apply for Universal Credit to get the grace period.

    ", + "

    You will not be affected by the benefit cap if you or your partner get Universal Credit because you have a disability or health condition or because you care for someone with a disability or you earn \u00a3617 or more between you.

    ", + "

    How the 9 month grace period works

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already claiming Universal Credit, the grace period will start on the first day of the assessment period in which your earnings went below the earnings threshold. The threshold was \u00a3604 up to 11 April 2021 and is \u00a3617 from 12 April 2021.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making a new claim for Universal Credit, the grace period starts from either:

    ", + "
  • the day after the last day you worked
    • ", + "
  • the payday when your earnings went below the earnings threshold (this was \u00a3604 up to 11 April 2021 and is \u00a3617 from 12 April 2021)
    • ", + "

    The 9 month grace period continues if you stop claiming Universal Credit and then start again.

    ", + "

    After the 9 month grace period ends, the amount of Universal Credit you get will usually go down. It might not go down if your circumstances change and you are not affected by the benefit cap.

    ", + "

    Help if you're affected by the benefit cap

    ", + "

    Contact the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) if you\u2019re affected by the benefit cap and you need help.

    ", + "

    If you need help paying your rent or a rent deposit, contact your local council as well. They can check if you\u2019re eligible for a discretionary housing payment, which is not affected by the benefit cap.

    ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit

    ", + "

    Contact DWP either:

    ", + "
  • through the journal in your online account
    • ", + "
  • by calling the Universal Credit helpline
    • ", + "

    If you get any other benefits

    ", + "

    Benefit cap amounts

    ", + "

    The amount you get through the benefit cap depends on whether:

    ", + "
  • you live inside or outside Greater London
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re single or in a couple
    • ", + "
  • your children live with you (if you\u2019re single)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple but you do not live together, you\u2019ll get the amounts for a single person.

    ", + "

    Use the benefit cap calculator to find out how much your benefit might be capped.

    ", + "

    Outside Greater London

    ", + "

    The benefit cap outside Greater London is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3384.62 per week (\u00a320,000 a year) if you\u2019re in a couple
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3384.62 per week (\u00a320,000 a year) if you\u2019re a single parent and your children live with you
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3257.69 per week (\u00a313,400 a year) if you\u2019re a single adult
    • ", + "

    Inside Greater London

    ", + "

    The benefit cap inside Greater London is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3442.31 per week (\u00a323,000 a year) if you\u2019re in a couple
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3442.31 per week (\u00a323,000 a year) if you\u2019re a single parent and your children live with you
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3296.35 per week (\u00a315,410 a year) if you\u2019re a single adult
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Challenge a benefit decision (mandatory reconsideration)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mandatory-reconsideration", + "contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision about benefits, tax credits or child maintenance you can ask for the decision to be looked at again - this is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You can do this if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you think the office dealing with your claim has made an error or missed important evidence
    • ", + "
  • you disagree with the reasons for the decision
    • ", + "
  • you want to have the decision looked at again
    • ", + "

    Some decisions cannot be reconsidered. Others can go straight to an appeal. Your original decision letter will say if this applies to you.

    ", + "

    You need to ask for mandatory reconsideration within one month of the date of the decision.

    ", + "

    Benefits this applies to

    ", + "

    You can ask for mandatory reconsideration for benefits including:

    ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Bereavement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Credit
    • ", + "
  • child maintenance (sometimes known as \u2018child support\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • Compensation Recovery Scheme (including NHS recovery claims)
    • ", + "
  • Diffuse Mesotheliomia Payment Scheme
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Funeral Expenses Payment
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • Maternity Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • Sure Start Maternity Grant
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit (including advance payments)
    • ", + "
  • Winter Fuel Payment
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for Child Benefit, Tax-Free Childcare and 30 hours free childcare, Guardian\u2019s Allowance, tax credits, Housing Benefit and Vaccine Damage Payment.

    ", + "

    How to ask for mandatory reconsideration

    ", + "

    Contact the benefits office that gave you the decision. You can contact them:

    ", + "
  • by phone
    • ", + "
  • by letter
    • ", + "
  • by filling in and returning a form
    • ", + "

    The contact details are on your decision letter.

    ", + "

    You need to ask for mandatory reconsideration within one month of the date on your decision letter. If you\u2019re writing, the letter or form must arrive by then.

    ", + "

    If you do not have your decision letter, contact the office where you applied for the benefit.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for Child Benefit, Tax-Free Childcare and 30 hours free childcare, Guardian\u2019s Allowance, tax credits, Housing Benefit and Vaccine Damage Payment.

    ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit

    ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit you can use your journal to ask for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to use your journal, you can ask for mandatory reconsideration in any of the following ways:

    ", + "
  • writing to the address on your decision letter
    • ", + "
  • filling in and returning a form
    • ", + "
  • calling the Universal Credit helpline
    • ", + "

    Before you ask for mandatory reconsideration

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure whether to ask for mandatory reconsideration or what evidence to give, call the benefits office dealing with your claim. They\u2019ll be able to explain the reason for your benefit decision and answer any questions.

    ", + "

    You can still ask for mandatory reconsideration after you\u2019ve spoken to your benefits office.

    ", + "

    If you want an explanation in writing

    ", + "

    You can ask for a written explanation from the benefits office dealing with your claim - known as a \u2018written statement of reasons\u2019.

    ", + "

    You do not need to do this for Personal Independence Payment - your decision letter will include a written statement.

    ", + "

    You can still ask for mandatory reconsideration, but must do this within 14 days of the date on your written statement of reasons.

    ", + "

    Applying after one month

    ", + "

    You can ask for mandatory reconsideration after this but it must be for a good reason, for example if you\u2019ve been in hospital or had a bereavement. You must explain why your request is late.

    ", + "

    Call the phone number on your decision letter first.

    ", + "

    What you need to provide

    ", + "

    You need to give:

    ", + "
  • the date of the original benefit decision
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "

    Explain what part of the decision is wrong and why.

    ", + "

    If you want to send evidence

    ", + "

    This needs to shows why the decision was wrong. It could, for example, be:

    ", + "
  • new medical evidence
    • ", + "
  • reports or care plans from specialists, therapists or nurses
    • ", + "
  • bank statements or payslips
    • ", + "

    Only include evidence you have not already sent.

    ", + "

    Write your full name, date of birth and National Insurance number at the top of each bit of evidence and send it to the benefit office where you applied for your benefit.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim back the cost of any evidence you pay for.

    ", + "

    It will not help your claim to include:

    ", + "
  • general information about your condition - for example factsheets, medical certificates or sick notes
    • ", + "
  • appointment cards or letters about medical appointments, unless you could not claim your benefit because you were at the appointment
    • ", + "
  • letters about tests that you\u2019re due to have
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure what evidence to send, read the guidance for the request form. You can also call the number on your decision letter.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The benefits office that gave you the original benefit decision will reconsider it - you\u2019ll get a \u2018mandatory reconsideration notice\u2019 telling you whether they\u2019ve changed the decision. It\u2019ll explain the reasons for that decision and the evidence it was based on.

    ", + "

    Your benefit may increase, decrease, stop or stay the same following mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the outcome

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal if you think the decision in the mandatory reconsideration notice is wrong. The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    You usually need to do this within one month of the date of your mandatory reconsideration notice.

    ", + "

    You cannot appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal until you get your mandatory reconsideration notice.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a benefit decision", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-benefit-decision", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal a decision about your entitlement to benefits, for example Personal Independence Payment (PIP), Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) and Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Appeals are decided by the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal. The tribunal is impartial and independent of government. The tribunal will listen to both sides before making a decision.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Before you appeal you must usually ask for the decision about your benefits to be looked at again - this is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you do not need to do this, your decision letter will say that you can appeal straight away. The letter will explain why you do not need a mandatory reconsideration - include this when you submit your appeal.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the tribunal within one month of getting your mandatory reconsideration decision. If you start your appeal after a month you\u2019ll have to explain why you did not do it earlier. Your appeal might not be accepted.

    ", + "

    After you submit your appeal, you can provide evidence to the tribunal. Your appeal will be decided at a tribunal hearing.

    ", + "

    Benefit decisions you can appeal

    ", + "

    You can appeal a decision about:

    ", + "
  • 30 hours free childcare scheme
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Bereavement Support Payment
    • ", + "
  • Budgeting Loans
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Cold Weather Payment
    • ", + "
  • Compensation Recovery Unit
    • ", + "
  • Contracted Out Employment Group
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • Disability Working Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Funeral Expenses Payment
    • ", + "
  • Health in Pregnancy Grant
    • ", + "
  • Home Responsibilities Protection
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Death Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Maternity Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • Retirement Pension
    • ", + "
  • Severe Disablement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Sure Start Maternity Grant
    • ", + "
  • Tax credits
    • ", + "
  • Tax-Free Childcare
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Winter Fuel Payment
    • ", + "

    Check any letters you\u2019ve received about your benefit if you do not know the exact name.

    ", + "

    Submit your appeal

    ", + "

    You can appeal a decision about your entitlement to benefits, for example Personal Independence Payment (PIP), Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    You must ask for the decision about your benefits to be looked at again before you can appeal, unless your decision letter says you do not need a \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • the details of the representative helping with your appeal (if you\u2019re using one)
    • ", + "
  • your mandatory reconsideration notice - you get this after you ask for the benefit decision to be looked at again
    • ", + "

    If you do not need a mandatory reconsideration your decision letter will say why. Include this explanation when you submit your appeal.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to choose whether you want to go to the tribunal hearing to explain your appeal in person. If you do not attend, your appeal will be decided on your appeal form and any supporting evidence you provide.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You can only access the service\u2019s web chat if you\u2019re using Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox or Safari. You can access everything else in the service using any browser.

    ", + "

    Continue with an existing appeal

    ", + "

    Sign in to continue with your saved benefit appeal application.

    ", + "

    Appealing by post

    ", + "

    Use form SSCS1 to appeal a Universal Credit, ESA or PIP decision by post.

    ", + "

    Help with your appeal

    ", + "

    You can appoint someone as a \u2018representative\u2019 to help you with your appeal. A representative can:

    ", + "
  • help you submit your appeal or prepare your evidence
    • ", + "
  • act on your behalf
    • ", + "
  • give you advice
    • ", + "

    Anyone can be a representative, including friends and family.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to find a representative through a library or from an organisation in your area that gives advice on claiming benefits, such as Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    Your representative will have permission to act on your behalf, for example to respond to letters. They\u2019ll be sent all the information about your appeal, including any medical evidence.

    ", + "

    To register a representative, you can either:

    ", + "
  • name your representative when you submit your appeal
    • ", + "
  • register a representative at any point after you submit your appeal
    • ", + "

    Write to HMCTS Benefit Appeals to register a representative after you submit your appeal.

    ", + "

    Contact the benefit appeals helpline if you need more help submitting an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you submit your appeal

    ", + "

    Your appeal will be sent to the department that made the decision about your entitlement to benefits. They\u2019ll respond to your appeal explaining why they made the decision.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a copy of the response.

    ", + "

    Providing evidence

    ", + "

    You can provide evidence to help the tribunal understand your condition or circumstances so they can make a decision. Evidence can include a letter from a doctor or someone who knows you.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told where to send your evidence after you submit your appeal. Send it as soon as you can so the tribunal have time to read it before the hearing.

    ", + "

    The hearing

    ", + "

    Your appeal is decided at a tribunal hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the decision by post after the hearing. You may get a decision on the day if you go to the hearing.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    It usually takes up to 6 months for an appeal to be heard by the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Your appeal might be delayed unless you:

    ", + "
  • send any evidence as soon as you can before the hearing
    • ", + "
  • arrive at the hearing on time (if you\u2019re attending)
    • ", + "
  • register your representative as soon as you can (if you\u2019re using one)
    • ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    Submit any evidence as soon as possible before the hearing so the tribunal have time to read it. Evidence will usually be shared with all parties, including your representative (if you\u2019re using one).

    ", + "

    A judge and one or two experts will make a decision about the case. Who the experts are depends on what benefit you\u2019re appealing. The judge and experts are impartial and independent of government.

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008.

    ", + "

    If you attend the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to the opportunity to explain your appeal.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked questions about your condition or circumstances by the judge or the experts.

    ", + "

    The department that made the original decision may also be at the hearing. They may ask questions, but they\u2019re not part of the tribunal and do not decide the result of the appeal.

    ", + "

    You can get support during the hearing, for example an interpreter, hearing loop or accessible tribunal room. You can request support when you make an appeal.

    ", + "

    You cannot use your own interpreter during the hearing.

    ", + "

    Claiming expenses

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim for reasonable expenses for going to the tribunal, for example:

    ", + "
  • travel expenses to cover your fare if you get there using public transport
    • ", + "
  • travel expenses of 12p per mile if you drive, plus 2p per mile for up to 2 passengers
    • ", + "
  • meals - \u00a34.25 if you\u2019re away for more than 5 hours, \u00a39.30 for more than 10 hours or \u00a313.55 for more than 12 hours
    • ", + "
  • loss of earnings - \u00a338.96 if you\u2019re away from work for up to 4 hours or \u00a375.59 for 4 hours or more
    • ", + "
  • care expenses up to the National Minimum Wage, for example for a childminder
    • ", + "

    The clerk will help you fill in a claim form when you go to the hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include proof, for example:

    ", + "
  • receipts
    • ", + "
  • a letter from your employer for loss of earnings
    • ", + "

    If you're unhappy with the tribunal's decision

    ", + "

    You may be able to:

    ", + "
  • get a decision cancelled (\u2018set aside\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber)
    • ", + "

    Your decision letter has more information.

    ", + "

    Get a decision set aside

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to get a decision \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled) if you think there\u2019s been a mistake in the process. Contact Citizens Advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the Upper Tribunal Administrative Appeals Chamber

    ", + "

    You can only appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, for example, if the tribunal did not:

    ", + "
  • give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts
    • ", + "
  • apply the law properly
    • ", + "

    You may be able to get legal aid when you appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) - this can help pay for legal advice.

    ", + "

    Contact Citizens Advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    You must then follow 3 steps.

    ", + "
  • Ask the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal for full written reasons (known as a \u2018statement of reasons\u2019) within one month of the date of the decision. The decision letter will tell you how to do this.
    • ", + "
  • Ask the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber).
    • ", + "
  • If the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal refuses, ask the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) for permission to appeal.
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax credits: appeals and complaints", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-appeals-complaints", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • dispute an overpayment decision if you\u2019ve been asked to pay back tax credits
    • ", + "
  • disagree with a tax credits decision if you think your tax credits are wrong
    • ", + "
  • complain if you think you\u2019ve been treated unfairly
    • ", + "

    Call the helpline first if you think HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) made a mistake.

    ", + "

    Dispute a tax credits overpayment

    ", + "

    You can be overpaid tax credits even if you told HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about a change of circumstances on time. You\u2019ll normally have to repay these.

    ", + "

    Disputes are usually only successful if HMRC made a mistake.

    ", + "

    Fewer than 1 in 10 tax credit disputes are successful.

    ", + "

    How to dispute

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC online or by post.

    ", + "

    You can do this even if you\u2019re no longer getting tax credits.

    ", + "

    HMRC will continue to reclaim overpayments while they review your dispute.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    Send your dispute form within 3 months of either:

    ", + "
  • the date on the first letter, statement or notice you received telling you that you\u2019ve been overpaid
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018decision date\u2019 on your Annual Review notice
    • ", + "

    You can only send it after the deadline in exceptional circumstances, for example you were in hospital for the 3 months.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve requested a \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019, you need to send your dispute form within 3 months of getting a reconsideration decision.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a dispute decision letter telling you:

    ", + "
  • if you have to repay the tax credits
    • ", + "
  • how much you have to repay
    • ", + "
  • the reasons for the decision
    • ", + "

    If you do not agree with the decision

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • send HMRC new information
    • ", + "
  • ask them to review the information you sent
    • ", + "

    You need to do this within 30 days of getting your dispute decision letter unless there are exceptional circumstances, for example you were in hospital.

    ", + "

    You can only ask for the decision to be reviewed once.

    ", + "

    HMRC will continue to reclaim overpayments while they review your information.

    ", + "

    You can contact an organisation like Citizens Advice if you have not got any new information and you\u2019re still unhappy.

    ", + "

    Disagree with a tax credits decision

    ", + "

    Call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think your tax credits are wrong. They can check your award and may be able to change it if it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way of disagreeing with an overpayment decision.

    ", + "

    If they do not change it or you still think it\u2019s wrong

    ", + "

    You can ask for the decision to be reconsidered by filling in a WTC/AP form. This process is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019. You can fill in the form online or print it and send it to HMRC.

    ", + "

    You need to do this within 30 days of getting your award notice unless there are exceptional circumstances, for example you were in hospital.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the result

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in England, Scotland or Wales you can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland appeal to the Appeals Service Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Complain about tax credits

    ", + "

    You can complain about things like unreasonable delays or the way you\u2019ve been treated.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you think your tax credits are wrong or you want to dispute a tax credits overpayment.

    ", + "

    How to complain

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • complain online
    • ", + "
  • call or write (telephone complaints are usually dealt with faster)
    • ", + "

    To complain online, you need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you complain.

    ", + "

    You can call or write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). If you write, include:

    ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • your full name, address and telephone number
    • ", + "
  • details of what happened and when
    • ", + "
  • how you\u2019d like your complaint settled
    • ", + "
  • the word \u2018Complaint\u2019 at the top of your letter
    • ", + "

    If you do not agree with the response

    ", + "

    Ask HMRC to review their response and send you a final decision.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the final decision, you can contact the Independent Adjudicator.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim costs (for example for postage or phone calls) if HMRC admits they made a mistake. Ask them for details.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Benefit overpayments", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/benefit-overpayments", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Tell the office dealing with your benefit straight away if:

    ", + "
  • you think you\u2019re being overpaid
    • ", + "
  • your circumstances change
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay back the benefit if you\u2019ve been overpaid.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for tax credits overpayment.

    ", + "

    You may be prosecuted for benefit fraud or have to pay a penalty if you do not tell benefit providers about overpayments.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been overpaid Universal Credit

    ", + "

    You can report an overpayment by signing into your Universal Credit account or calling the Universal Credit helpline.

    ", + "

    When the benefit office will contact you

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter to let you know that you\u2019ve been overpaid.

    ", + "

    If you think it\u2019s a mistake you can ask for mandatory reconsideration within one month of receiving the letter.

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit paid directly to your landlord

    ", + "

    Your landlord may be asked to repay the money if they\u2019re responsible for an overpayment. You may have to repay if it was your fault.

    ", + "

    When repayments have to be made

    ", + "

    You may have to pay the money back if you\u2019ve been overpaid. For example, if:

    ", + "
  • the information you gave was wrong
    • ", + "
  • you did not report a change in your circumstances straight away
    • ", + "
  • you gave the wrong information when you reported a change of circumstances
    • ", + "
  • a mistake was made with your payment
    • ", + "

    Find out how to make repayments.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different system if the person overpaid has died.

    ", + "

    Repayments when someone has died

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) can recover benefit overpayments from a person\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    An overpayment could have happened because, for example, the person who died:

    ", + "
  • had more savings than they declared in their benefit claim
    • ", + "
  • had not declared an income
    • ", + "
  • was in hospital or a nursing home and had not told DWP
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re dealing with the estate, DWP will write to you once probate has been granted to ask for the information they need.

    ", + "

    You should not distribute the estate until you know what needs to be repaid. If you do, you may have to pay back the money yourself.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to provide information to help work out if anything needs to be repaid.

    ", + "

    You may need bank statements, building society passbooks or other information about the dead person\u2019s assets.

    ", + "

    If you do not provide the information asked for, the overpayment will be calculated based on the probate figure before any deductions (that is, the whole estate).

    ", + "

    If there has been an overpayment

    ", + "

    DWP will write to you asking for the money back from the estate. They will tell you how any overpayment has been worked out and explain why it happened. They will also tell you how to pay.

    ", + "

    If you need to discuss your payment, or setting up a repayment plan, call DWP\u2019s Debt Management Recovery from Estates. The number is on the letter.

    ", + "

    You can also write to them:

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in England and Wales

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Scotland

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact the Department for Communities Debt Management service.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the overpayment decision

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the overpayment decision, you can ask for the decision to be looked at again - this is called a \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can do this if you:

    ", + "
  • think DWP made an error or missed important evidence
    • ", + "
  • disagree with the reasons for the decision
    • ", + "
  • want to have the decision looked at again
    • ", + "

    Payments made after death

    ", + "

    If the overpayment happened because the payment arrived before DWP were told about the death, DWP Debt Management will contact:

    ", + "
  • the deceased\u2019s next of kin
    • ", + "
  • the bank the benefit was paid in to
    • ", + "
  • whoever is handling the estate
    • ", + "

    How to make a repayment

    ", + "

    How you pay back the overpayment depends on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re making repayments for the first time or restarting them
    • ", + "
  • whether you still receive benefits
    • ", + "

    Start making repayments if you\u2019re still receiving benefits

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re still receiving benefits, the regular amount you get will be reduced until you\u2019ve paid back the money.

    ", + "

    Contact the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) Debt Management contact centre if you think too much has been taken for a repayment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact the Department for Communities Debt Management service.

    ", + "

    Start making repayments if you no longer receive benefits

    ", + "

    If you no longer receive benefits, you need to pay back the overpayment to DWP Debt Management. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you how much you need to repay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay the debt in full, contact DWP Debt Management to arrange a payment plan.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact the Department for Communities Debt Management service.

    ", + "

    Online banking

    ", + "

    Use DWP\u2019s bank account details to pay, quoting the reference number shown on your letter or your National Insurance number.

    ", + "Account name | Sort code | Account number", + "DWP Debt Management | 60 70 80 | 10025634", + "

    Overseas accounts

    ", + "

    Use the following details if you\u2019re paying from an overseas account.

    ", + "Account name | IBAN | BIC", + "DWP Debt Management | GB30NWBK60708010025634 | NWBKGB2L", + "

    Direct Debit, card, cheques and cash

    ", + "

    Contact the DWP Debt Management contact centre to:

    ", + "
  • set up monthly repayments by Direct Debit
    • ", + "
  • make a payment using a debit card
    • ", + "
  • request a paying-in slip for cheque or cash payments
    • ", + "

    If you do not pay back the money

    ", + "

    If you do not pay back the money or contact the DWP Debt Management contact centre, they may pass your case to an independent debt collector.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter to tell you about this.

    ", + "

    If your case is passed to a debt collector, the letter will be from one of the following debt collection agencies:

    ", + "
  • Advantis
    • ", + "
  • BPO Collections
    • ", + "
  • CCS Collect
    • ", + "
  • Moorcroft
    • ", + "
  • Past Due Credit
    • ", + "
  • Resolve Call
    • ", + "
  • Shakespeare Martineau
    • ", + "

    You should deal directly with the debt collector to arrange repayment.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax credits overpayments", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-overpayments", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might be overpaid tax credits if:

    ", + "
  • there\u2019s a change in your circumstances - even if you report the change on time
    • ", + "
  • you or the Tax Credit Office make a mistake
    • ", + "
  • you do not renew your tax credits on time
    • ", + "

    The Tax Credit Office will write to tell you what you owe and how to repay the money. If you think they made a mistake, call the helpline.

    ", + "

    If you still get tax credits or are now getting Universal Credit, the money you owe will usually be taken from your future payments.

    ", + "

    If you no longer get tax credits and you do not get Universal Credit, you\u2019ll have to pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) directly. The money may be recovered from you in another way if you do not repay HMRC in time.

    ", + "

    How to repay your tax credits

    ", + "

    The Tax Credit Office will write to tell you what you owe and how to repay.

    ", + "

    How you repay depends on whether you still get tax credits, Universal Credit or neither.

    ", + "

    Call the helpline if you:

    ", + "
  • think the Tax Credit Office made a mistake
    • ", + "
  • already have a repayment plan but you get another letter - you may need to set up a new plan
    • ", + "

    If you still get tax credits

    ", + "

    HMRC will automatically reduce your future tax credit payments until you\u2019ve paid back the money you owe.

    ", + "

    The amount they\u2019ll reduce your tax credit payments by usually depends on how much you currently get and your household income.

    ", + "Household income | Reduction", + "\u00a320,000 or less and you get maximum tax credits | 10%", + "\u00a320,000 or less and you get less than the maximum tax credits | 25%", + "More than \u00a320,000 | 50%", + "

    If you only get the family element of Child Tax Credit, your payments will be reduced by 100% whatever your income is.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve moved to Universal Credit

    ", + "

    Your future payments will be reduced until you\u2019ve paid back the money you owe.

    ", + "

    If you do not get tax credits or Universal Credit

    ", + "

    HMRC will send you a \u2018notice to pay\u2019 which you should pay within 30 days.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to make sure payments reach HMRC on time. Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay in time, the money you owe will be recovered from you in another way.

    ", + "

    Call the helpline if you want to make extra payments to clear the debt more quickly.

    ", + "

    There are several ways to repay.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    You can call the helpline to set up a Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your tax credit reference number - you\u2019ll find it on your notice to pay.

    ", + "

    It takes up to 5 working days to set up. Payments appear on your statements as \u2018HMRC NDDS\u2019.

    ", + "

    Online and telephone banking (Faster Payments)

    ", + "

    Pay to HMRC\u2019s account and use your tax credit reference number (found on your notice to pay) as the payment reference.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying from an overseas account, you can pay HMRC in sterling or another currency.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "

    HMRC\u2019s bank address is:

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    Pay at your branch by cash or cheque.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019. Write your tax credit reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find this on your notice to pay.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019. Write your tax credit reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find this on your notice to pay.

    ", + "

    Do not fold your cheque.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.

    ", + "

    Include a note with:

    ", + "
  • your name, address and phone number
    • ", + "
  • your tax credit reference number
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019re paying
    • ", + "
  • the period you\u2019re paying for
    • ", + "

    You can ask for a receipt if you want one.

    ", + "

    If you cannot afford your repayments

    ", + "

    You can ask to repay what you owe over a longer period of time if you\u2019re having financial difficulty. This will mean you pay less each week or month.

    ", + "

    You may be asked about:

    ", + "
  • any savings and income you have - including benefits and pensions
    • ", + "
  • your living expenses - including rent, mortgage or childcare payments and household costs
    • ", + "
  • any other repayments you have to make - including loans, credit cards and utility bill repayments
    • ", + "

    How you ask for your repayments to be reconsidered depends on whether you still get tax credits, Universal Credit or neither.

    ", + "

    HMRC is offering further help and support during the COVID-19 crisis. If you are in temporary financial difficulty, and you are unable to pay or to keep up repayment of your existing debts, you should contact HMRC so we can work with you to ensure your arrangement remains affordable until you return to a more stable footing. If you need it, hardship arrangements can offer flexibility if you have previous overpayments being recovered from your tax credits award.

    ", + "

    If you still get tax credits

    ", + "

    If HMRC has reduced your tax credits to pay back an overpayment, you can ask them to reconsider:

    ", + "
  • online - you need your Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have one, you can create one when you use this service
    • ", + "
  • by phone
    • ", + "

    If HMRC give you more time to pay back what you owe, this will mean they take less money from your tax credits each week or month.

    ", + "

    You will usually receive a decision within 14 working days.

    ", + "

    If you are still having financial difficulty at the end of the financial year (5 April), you will need to ask HMRC to reconsider your payments again.

    ", + "

    If you have moved to Universal Credit

    ", + "

    Contact the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) Debt Management centre if you cannot afford your repayments.

    ", + "

    If you do not get tax credits or Universal Credit

    ", + "

    Call the tax credits payments helpline to ask HMRC to reconsider.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve received a \u2018TC1131\u2019 letter, this means your debt has passed to DWP. Call the DWP Debt Management contact centre to discuss your options. Call DfC Debt Management if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit

    ", + "

    After you start getting Universal Credit you\u2019ll get a letter from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) telling you how much you owe. The letter is called a \u2018TC1131 (UC)\u2019.

    ", + "

    The letter may come a few months after you\u2019ve moved to Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    If you are already paying a \u2018notice to pay\u2019, keep making payments until you get the letter.

    ", + "

    After you get the letter, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will reduce your Universal Credit payments until you pay back the money you owe. You do not have to do anything to set this up.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland this will be handled by the Department for Communities.

    ", + "

    If you are repaying tax credits overpayments from different years, you may get more than one letter - you must repay each of these debts.

    ", + "

    If you cannot afford your repayments

    ", + "

    Contact DWP Debt Management if you cannot afford your repayments.

    ", + "

    If you have an existing payment plan

    ", + "

    If you have a repayment plan for your tax credits debt (also known as a \u2018Time to Pay\u2019 arrangement), it will end after you get the letter from HMRC. This applies whether the plan is with HMRC or an independent debt collector.

    ", + "

    You must cancel any standing orders you\u2019ve set up to repay the debt. HMRC will cancel any Direct Debits.

    ", + "

    If you claimed tax credits as a couple

    ", + "

    The debt will be split in half between you. Each of you will receive a letter with details of your half of the debt. You must each pay your half.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you think your share is wrong.

    ", + "

    If you do not get Universal Credit any more

    ", + "

    If you get the letter from HMRC after you\u2019ve stopped receiving Universal Credit, you must repay DWP directly.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, you must repay the Department for Communities.

    ", + "

    If you do not repay HMRC

    ", + "

    If you get a \u2018notice to pay\u2019 you must repay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 30 days. If you asked for more time to pay you should repay within the agreed time.

    ", + "

    HMRC will take \u2018enforcement action\u2019 if you do not pay all the money you owe in the agreed time. For example, they might ask a debt collection agency to collect any remaining money.

    ", + "

    Your debt may be passed to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) if HMRC cannot get the money you owe. You\u2019ll get a letter called a \u2018TC1131 (non-UC)\u2019 when this happens.

    ", + "

    Your debt will be passed to the Department for Communities (DfC) if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You do not need to do anything - DWP or DfC will arrange the most suitable method of recovery with you. This might be by:

    ", + "
  • reducing your other benefits
    • ", + "
  • agreeing a repayment plan with you
    • ", + "
  • asking your employer to take money from your earnings (\u2018Direct Earnings Attachment\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • asking a debt collection agency to collect the money
    • ", + "

    If you start getting Universal Credit

    ", + "

    If you start getting Universal Credit before all your debt has been recovered, DWP will usually start to take repayments from your Universal Credit to collect the remaining money.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jobseekers-allowance", + "contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) to help you when you\u2019re looking for work.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for contribution-based or income-based JSA anymore. If you\u2019re currently getting contribution-based or income-based JSA, you\u2019ll keep getting payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "
  • Check you\u2019re eligible.
    • ", + "
  • Make a claim for \u2018new style\u2019 JSA and attend a phone interview with your local Jobcentre Plus office.
    • ", + "
  • Keep to your agreement to look for work. This agreement is called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019 and you will create it at your phone interview.
    • ", + "

    Your JSA payments will be stopped if you do not keep to your agreement to look for work and cannot give a good reason.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit. If you are, you could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 JSA.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a maximum amount you can get - but how much you\u2019re entitled to depends on your age.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to check how much JSA you can get, and how your other benefits will be affected.

    ", + "Age | JSA weekly amount", + "Up to 24 | up to \u00a359.20", + "25 or over | up to \u00a374.70", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    Your first payment will usually be within 7 days of your phone interview. It may not be the usual full amount.

    ", + "

    After that, payments are usually made every 2 weeks and they will be the full amount.

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are usually paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re moving to Universal Credit from income-based JSA

    ", + "

    If your income-based JSA claim is ending because you\u2019re making a new claim for Universal Credit, you\u2019ll automatically continue to get the amount of JSA you currently receive, as long as you\u2019re still eligible. You\u2019ll normally get this for 2 weeks, starting from the date of your new claim.

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you telling you how this works.

    ", + "

    You do not need to pay this money back, and it will not affect the amount of Universal Credit you get.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible for \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) you\u2019ll need to have both:

    ", + "
  • worked as an employee
    • ", + "
  • paid Class 1 National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years (National Insurance credits can also count)
    • ", + "

    You will not be eligible if you were self-employed and only paid Class 2 National Insurance contributions, unless you were working as a share fisherman or a volunteer development worker.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to:

    ", + "
  • be 18 or over (there are some exceptions if you\u2019re 16 or 17 - contact Jobcentre Plus for advice)
    • ", + "
  • be under the State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • not be in full-time education
    • ", + "
  • be available for work
    • ", + "
  • not be working at the moment, or be working less than 16 hours per week on average
    • ", + "
  • not have an illness or disability which stops you from working
    • ", + "
  • live in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • have the right to work in the UK
    • ", + "

    While you receive JSA, you\u2019ll need to take reasonable steps to look for work as agreed with your work coach. You must still follow the guidance on working safely during coronavirus.

    ", + "

    Your savings and your partner\u2019s income and savings will not affect your claim.

    ", + "

    You can get \u2018new style\u2019 JSA for up to 182 days (about 6 months). After this you can talk to your work coach about your options.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit. If you are, you could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 JSA.

    ", + "

    If you cannot work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You can claim JSA if you cannot work but you\u2019re still getting paid by your employer (\u2018on furlough\u2019) or through the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme.

    ", + "

    Both of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you usually work less than 16 hours a week
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements for JSA
    • ", + "

    Apply for 'new style' JSA

    ", + "

    Before you apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA), check if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    There is a different process in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    To apply, you\u2019ll need your:

    ", + "
  • National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society account details (or those of a family member or trusted friend)
    • ", + "
  • employment details for the past 6 months, including employer contact details and dates you worked with them
    • ", + "
  • private pension statement letter
    • ", + "

    To reclaim you need to apply again, even if your details have not changed.

    ", + "

    Backdating your claim

    ", + "

    When you apply, you can ask for your claim to be backdated by up to 3 months if you were not able to claim sooner.

    ", + "

    If you want to backdate your claim, you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • the date you want your claim to start from
    • ", + "
  • the reason your claim was delayed
    • ", + "

    Your claim may not be backdated if you do not have a good reason for the delay in making your claim. Reasons for backdating your claim could include:

    ", + "
  • you had a family bereavement - a partner, parent, child, brother or sister died
    • ", + "
  • you were given the wrong advice that you could not get JSA
    • ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You cannot apply online if you\u2019re under 18.

    ", + "

    Apply for new style JSA

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online

    ", + "

    If you need help applying or you\u2019re aged 16 to 17, contact Jobcentre Plus.

    ", + "

    After you make your claim

    ", + "

    If you applied online, you\u2019ll get a text to confirm that your application has been submitted.

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will then contact you within 10 days of applying.

    ", + "

    You do not need to contact DWP unless it has been more than 10 days since you applied and you haven\u2019t heard anything.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible

    ", + "

    DWP will contact you within 10 days to schedule a phone interview that you must attend. It will normally be with a work coach from your local Jobcentre Plus office.

    ", + "

    At the interview, you\u2019ll be asked some questions to confirm your identity and then you\u2019ll make an agreement about what steps you\u2019ll take to look for work. This agreement is called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you need support during the appointment, you can have another person with you.

    ", + "

    Contact Jobcentre Plus before your appointment if you:

    ", + "
  • need a foreign language interpreter, and do not have someone who can help with interpretation
    • ", + "
  • have a disability or health condition, for example a hearing impairment which means you cannot attend a phone interview
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible

    ", + "

    DWP will send you a letter within 10 days to explain why you are not eligible for JSA.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    You can complain about Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you\u2019ve received.

    ", + "

    Your JSA claim

    ", + "

    When you apply to claim JSA, your work coach will make an agreement with you to look for work. This agreement is called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your Claimant Commitment could include:

    ", + "
  • what you need to do to look for work - for example registering with recruitment agencies or writing a CV
    • ", + "
  • how many hours you need to spend looking for work each week
    • ", + "

    You should continue to do all the things you have agreed to do if you can do them safely. You must still follow the guidance on working safely during coronavirus.

    ", + "

    You can search and apply for work using the \u2018Find a job\u2019 service.

    ", + "

    You must tell Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change, for example you start working or your income changes.

    ", + "

    Attending regular appointments

    ", + "

    Your work coach will arrange appointments with you every 1 to 2 weeks.

    ", + "

    At these appointments, you must show your work coach what you\u2019ve been doing to look for work, for example proof of job applications and interviews.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse you might be able to get a break of up to 13 weeks from job seeking - speak to your work coach if you need this support.

    ", + "

    When payment can be stopped

    ", + "

    Your JSA payments can be stopped for a period if you do not do something your work coach asks you to do. This is called being \u2018sanctioned\u2019. For example, if you:

    ", + "
  • do not take part in an appointment with your work coach
    • ", + "
  • do not accept or keep to your agreement to look for work
    • ", + "
  • turn down a job or training course
    • ", + "
  • do not apply for any jobs you\u2019re told about
    • ", + "
  • do not take part in any interviews you\u2019re invited to
    • ", + "
  • do not go to any training booked for you or take part in employment schemes
    • ", + "
  • leave your last job or training without good reason or because of your behaviour
    • ", + "

    Contact Jobcentre Plus as soon as possible if any of these apply to you. You may be able to keep your payment if you have good reason.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how long your payment will be stopped for. It could be between 4 weeks and 26 weeks (about 6 months).

    ", + "

    If you want to know how long your JSA payment could be stopped for, read part 3 of the guidance on JSA sanctions.

    ", + "

    If your JSA payment is stopped

    ", + "

    If your payment is stopped, you should keep looking for work. Your benefit payment could be stopped for longer if you do not.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the decision to stop payment, you can ask for the decision to be looked at again - this is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the outcome of the mandatory reconsideration, you can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal.

    ", + "

    You should continue with any JSA claim until the dispute is settled.

    ", + "

    If you claim Housing Benefit or Council Tax Reduction

    ", + "

    You should contact your local council immediately. They\u2019ll tell you what to do to continue getting support.

    ", + "

    If your claim is ended

    ", + "

    Your JSA claim may be ended if you\u2019re not available for or actively seeking work. You can apply again straight away, but your payments will be stopped for a period of either:

    ", + "
  • 4 weeks if it\u2019s the first time your claim has been ended
    • ", + "
  • 13 weeks if a previous claim has been ended within the past year
    • ", + "

    Hardship payments

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a hardship payment if your JSA payments have been stopped. You do not have to pay it back.

    ", + "

    A hardship payment is a reduced amount (usually 60%) of your JSA.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can get a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or other basic needs for you or your child.

    ", + "

    You must be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve tried to find the money from somewhere else, such as borrowing from a friend or working extra hours.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Speak to your Jobcentre Plus adviser or work coach to find out how to claim a hardship payment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting contribution-based or income-based JSA

    ", + "

    As long as you\u2019re still eligible, you\u2019ll keep getting contribution-based or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) until either:

    ", + "
  • your circumstances change
    • ", + "
  • your claim for contribution-based JSA ends (you can get it for up to 182 days)
    • ", + "

    Jobcentre Plus will talk to you about your options. If you\u2019re eligible you might be able to claim Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    You need to take reasonable steps to look for work while getting JSA. You must still follow the guidance on working safely during coronavirus.

    ", + "

    You must tell Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change, for example you start working or your income changes.

    ", + "

    Working hours and income

    ", + "

    If you start working more than 16 hours a week, you might stop being eligible for JSA.

    ", + "

    You might stop being eligible for income-based JSA if:

    ", + "
  • your partner starts working 24 hours or more a week, or increases their hours to 16 hours or more a week
    • ", + "
  • your savings increase to \u00a316,000 or more (including your partner\u2019s savings)
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply for contribution-based or income-based JSA anymore. Instead, check if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit and \u2018new style\u2019 JSA. You could get both at the same time.

    ", + "

    Report a change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You must tell Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change, for example you start working or your income changes. This might affect how much you get.

    ", + "

    Volunteering will not normally affect your JSA but you should report it before you start.

    ", + "

    Your claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change straight away.

    ", + "

    A change of circumstance can include:

    ", + "
  • starting or stopping work, education, training or an apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • changes to your or your partner\u2019s income or working hours
    • ", + "
  • moving house
    • ", + "
  • changing your name
    • ", + "
  • people moving into or out of the place you live (for example your partner or a child)
    • ", + "
  • changes to the benefits you or anyone else in your house gets
    • ", + "
  • changes to your pension, savings, investments or property
    • ", + "
  • changes to other money you get (for example student loans or grants, sick pay or money you get from a charity)
    • ", + "
  • changing your doctor
    • ", + "
  • any changes to your medical condition or disability
    • ", + "
  • going into hospital or a care home or sheltered accommodation
    • ", + "
  • going abroad for any length of time
    • ", + "
  • changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    You must tell Jobcentre Plus if you cannot work but you\u2019re still getting paid by your employer (\u2018on furlough\u2019) or you\u2019ve been given a grant through the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme.

    ", + "

    Call the JSA helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether you need to report a change.

    ", + "

    You may be prosecuted or have to pay a \u00a350 penalty if you give wrong or incomplete information, or do not report changes straight away.

    ", + "

    How to report

    ", + "

    You can report a change of circumstances by:

    ", + "
  • calling the JSA helpline
    • ", + "
  • writing to the Jobcentre Plus office that pays your JSA - the address is on the letters you get about your JSA
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming Universal Credit as well as new style JSA, you must report changes to both services.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    If you do not report a change straight away or give wrong or incomplete information, you might be paid too much. If you are, you might have to pay some of the money back.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Universal Credit", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/universal-credit", + "contents": [ + "

    What Universal Credit is

    ", + "

    Universal Credit is a payment to help with your living costs. It\u2019s paid monthly - or twice a month for some people in Scotland.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get it if you\u2019re on a low income, out of work or you cannot work.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you live in Northern Ireland, go to Universal Credit in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Sign in

    ", + "

    Sign in to your Universal Credit account if you already have one.

    ", + "

    If you already get other benefits

    ", + "

    Universal Credit is replacing the following benefits:

    ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit
    • ", + "

    If you currently get any of these benefits, you do not need to do anything unless:

    ", + "
  • you have a change of circumstances you need to report
    • ", + "
  • the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) contacts you about moving to Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    If you get tax credits, they will stop when you or your partner applies for Universal Credit. Check how tax credits and Universal Credit affect each other.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Universal Credit if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re on a low income or out of work
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over (there are some exceptions if you\u2019re 16 to 17)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under State Pension age (or your partner is)
    • ", + "
  • you and your partner have \u00a316,000 or less in savings between you
    • ", + "
  • you live in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an\u00a0EU,\u00a0EEA\u00a0or Swiss citizen, you and your family usually also need settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get Universal Credit. The deadline to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme is 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    The number of children you have does not affect your eligibility for Universal Credit, but it may affect how much you get.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to check what benefits you could get if you\u2019re not eligible for Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    If you live with your partner

    ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s income and savings will be taken into account, even if they are not eligible for Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 18 or over and in training or studying full-time

    ", + "

    You can make a new claim for Universal Credit if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you live with your partner and they\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re responsible for a child, either as a single person or as a couple
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in further education, are 21 or under and do not have parental support, for example you\u2019re estranged from your parents and you\u2019re not under local authority care
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re moving from Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)

    ", + "

    You can make a new claim for Universal Credit if you\u2019re in full-time education and all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re entitled to Personal Independence Payment (PIP) or Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve already been assessed as having limited capability for work
    • ", + "
  • you make a new claim before your ESA ends or as soon as you\u2019re notified that your ESA claim has ended
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re 16 or 17

    ", + "

    You can make a new claim for Universal Credit if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have medical evidence and are waiting for a Work Capability Assessment
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re caring for a severely disabled person
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re responsible for a child
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a couple with responsibility for at least one child and your partner is eligible for Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re pregnant and it\u2019s 11 weeks or less before your expected week of childbirth
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a child in the last 15 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you do not have parental support, for example you\u2019re estranged from your parents and you\u2019re not under local authority care
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying full-time

    ", + "

    You can also make a claim if you\u2019re in full-time further education and any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you do not have parental support and you\u2019re not under local authority care
    • ", + "
  • you have limited capability for work and you\u2019re entitled to Personal Independence Payment (PIP) or Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re responsible for a child
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a couple with responsibility for a child and your partner is eligible for Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple and one of you is State Pension age

    ", + "

    You and your partner can claim Universal Credit as a couple if one of you is under State Pension age and eligible for Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    When you both reach State Pension age your Universal Credit claim will stop.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for Pension Credit or other benefits as a couple when your Universal Credit stops. Ask your Jobcentre Plus work coach what else you could be eligible for.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Your Universal Credit payment is made up of a standard allowance and any extra amounts that apply to you, for example if you:

    ", + "
  • have children
    • ", + "
  • have a disability or health condition which prevents you from working
    • ", + "
  • need help paying your rent
    • ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to see how much you could get.

    ", + "

    How much Universal Credit you get will depend on your earnings.

    ", + "

    Your circumstances are assessed every month. Changes in your circumstances can affect how much you\u2019re paid for the whole assessment period - not just from the date you report them.

    ", + "

    The benefit cap may limit the total amount of benefit you receive.

    ", + "

    Standard allowance

    ", + "Your circumstances | Monthly standard allowance", + "Single and under 25 | \u00a3344", + "Single and 25 or over | \u00a3411.51", + "In a couple and you\u2019re both under 25 | \u00a3490.60 (for you both)", + "In a couple and either of you are 25 or over | \u00a3596.58 (for you both)", + "

    Extra amounts

    ", + "

    You may get more money on top of your standard allowance if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    If you have children

    ", + "

    If you have 1 or 2 children, you\u2019ll get an extra amount for each child.

    ", + "

    If you have 3 or more children, you\u2019ll get an extra amount for at least 2 children. You can only get an extra amount for more children if any of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • your children were born before 6 April 2017
    • ", + "
  • you were already claiming for 3 or more children before 6 April 2017
    • ", + "
  • other exceptions apply
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an extra amount for any disabled or severely disabled child - no matter how many children you have or when they were born.

    ", + "How much you\u2019ll get | Extra monthly amount", + "For your first child | \u00a3282.50 (born before 6 April 2017) \u00a3237.08 (born on or after 6 April 2017)", + "For your second child and any other eligible children | \u00a3237.08 per child", + "If you have a disabled or severely disabled child | \u00a3128.89 or \u00a3402.41", + "If you need help with childcare costs | up to 85% of your costs (up to \u00a3646.35 for one child and \u00a31,108.04 for 2 or more children)", + "

    You might get the extra amount if you start caring for another child, depending on when they were born and how many children you have.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability or health condition

    ", + "How much you\u2019ll get | Extra monthly amount", + "If you have limited capability for work and work-related activity | \u00a3343.63", + "If you have limited capability for work and you started your health-related Universal Credit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) claim before 3 April 2017 | \u00a3128.89", + "

    If you get the severe disability premium you may also be entitled to an extra \u2018transitional protection\u2019 payment if you\u2019re moving to Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    If you care for a severely disabled person

    ", + "How much you\u2019ll get | Extra monthly amount", + "If you provide care for at least 35 hours a week for a severely disabled person who receives a disability-related benefit | \u00a3163.73", + "

    This is on top of any extra amount you get if you have a disabled child.

    ", + "

    Housing costs

    ", + "

    You could get money to help pay your housing costs. How much you get depends on your age and circumstances.

    ", + "

    The payment can cover rent and some service charges.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a homeowner, you might be able to get a loan to help with interest payments on your mortgage or other loans you\u2019ve taken out for your home.

    ", + "

    Other support you could get

    ", + "

    If you receive Universal Credit you may also be able to get other financial support depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    How your earnings affect your payments

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed, how much Universal Credit you get will depend on your earnings. Your Universal Credit payment will reduce gradually as you earn more - for every \u00a31 you earn your payment reduces by 63p.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no limit to how many hours you can work.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to see how increasing your hours or starting a new job could affect what you get.

    ", + "

    The work allowance

    ", + "

    You can earn a certain amount before your Universal Credit is reduced if you or your partner are either:

    ", + "
  • responsible for a child or young person
    • ", + "
  • living with a disability or health condition that affects your ability to work
    • ", + "

    This is called a \u2018work allowance\u2019. Your work allowance is lower if you get help with housing costs.

    ", + "Your circumstances | Monthly work allowance", + "You get help with housing costs | \u00a3293", + "You do not get help with housing costs | \u00a3515", + "

    If your employer has put you on temporary leave (\u2018furlough\u2019)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on furlough because your employer has no work for you, you can get up to 80% of your wages paid through the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, up to a monthly limit of \u00a32,500. Your employer takes care of this.

    ", + "

    You can check if your employer can use the scheme.

    ", + "

    If your payment stops because your earnings increased

    ", + "

    As your income increases, your payment will reduce until you\u2019re earning enough to no longer claim Universal Credit. Your payment will then be stopped. You\u2019ll be told when this happens.

    ", + "

    If your earnings decrease after this, you can claim Universal Credit again.

    ", + "

    If you received your last payment 6 months ago or less, you can restart your old claim by signing in to your Universal Credit account. You\u2019ll need to report any changes in your circumstances. If you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit, your payments will restart with the same monthly assessment period you had previously.

    ", + "

    If you received your last payment more than 6 months ago, you\u2019ll need to make a new claim for Universal Credit. You can make a new claim by signing in to your Universal Credit account. You will not be paid on the same date as your previous claim. It usually takes around 5 weeks to get your first payment.

    ", + "

    Surplus earnings

    ", + "

    If your monthly earnings are more than \u00a32,500 over the amount where your payment stopped, this becomes \u2018surplus earnings\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your surplus earnings will be carried forward to the following month, where they count towards your earnings. If your earnings (including your surplus earnings) are then still over the amount where your payment stops, you will not get a Universal Credit payment.

    ", + "

    If your earnings fall below the amount where your payment stopped, your surplus will decrease. Once your surplus has gone, you\u2019ll be able to get a Universal Credit payment again.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to reclaim Universal Credit every month until your earnings have reduced enough to get another payment.

    ", + "

    You can talk to your work coach for more information about surplus earnings.

    ", + "

    The statement in your online journal will show your work allowance and when the surplus reduces.

    ", + "

    If you separate from your partner

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re part of a couple that claims Universal Credit together, any surplus earnings will be divided equally between you if you separate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then need to re-apply individually, with your part of the surplus earnings counting towards your earnings.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse you do not take on any surplus earnings from your partner. Talk to your work coach to make sure your partner\u2019s surplus earnings are not divided between you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    You can carry over a loss (as well as a surplus) to the following month. A loss will be deducted from your next month\u2019s earnings.

    ", + "

    How you're paid

    ", + "

    Universal Credit is paid once a month, usually into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Your payment can include an amount for housing, which you\u2019ll usually need to pay to your landlord.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not able to open a bank, building society or credit union account, call the Universal Credit helpline to arrange a different way of getting paid.

    ", + "

    Find out how you\u2019ll be paid if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Your first payment

    ", + "

    It usually takes around 5 weeks to get your first payment.

    ", + "

    If you need help with your living costs while you wait for your first payment, you can apply for an advance.

    ", + "

    The wait before your first payment is made up of a one month assessment period and up to 7 days for the payment to reach your account.

    ", + "

    Payment dates

    ", + "

    After the first payment, you\u2019ll be paid on the same date of every month.

    ", + "

    If your payment date is on a weekend, you\u2019ll be paid on the working day before.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a monthly statement that tells you how much Universal Credit you\u2019re going to get.

    ", + "

    Call the helpline straight away if your payment does not arrive on time.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland

    ", + "

    You can get paid once or twice a month.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making a new claim, you\u2019ll get a notification about how often you want to be paid. You get this after your first payment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already getting Universal Credit and have not had a notification, you can ask your work coach to be paid twice a month.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re paid twice a month your first payment will be for a full month. You\u2019ll get the first half of your second month\u2019s payment a month after this. The second half will be paid 15 days later. This means there will be about a month and a half between your first payment and the full amount for your second month.

    ", + "

    After this, you\u2019ll be paid twice a month.

    ", + "

    If you live with a partner

    ", + "

    If you both claim Universal Credit, you\u2019ll get one payment each month for your household.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland and you\u2019ve chosen to be paid twice monthly, you\u2019ll receive 2 payments each month for your household.

    ", + "

    Phone the Universal Credit helpline if you\u2019re worried about getting access to this money.

    ", + "

    How often you\u2019re paid can affect your Universal Credit

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paid once a month on the same date and nothing changes in your earnings, then your Universal Credit amount should stay the same.

    ", + "

    Your Universal Credit can be affected if you receive no wages or more than one set of wages during some assessment periods. This could happen if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re paid weekly, every 2 weeks or every 4 weeks
    • ", + "
  • your monthly payment date changes, for example you get paid on the last working day of each month
    • ", + "

    If your monthly payment date changes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to sign into your online account to check how much your next monthly payment will be. If it looks like you\u2019ll get paid too much or too little Universal Credit, ask your work coach to move your wages into another assessment period.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paid weekly, every 2 weeks or every 4 weeks

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if your earnings are too high and whether you\u2019ll need to reapply to continue to get Universal Credit.

    ", + "How often you\u2019re paid by your employer | The impact", + "Every 4 weeks | Once a year, you\u2019ll get 2 sets of wages in one assessment period", + "Every 2 weeks | Twice a year, you\u2019ll get 3 sets of wages in one assessment period", + "Every week | Four times a year, you\u2019ll get 5 sets of wages in one assessment period", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Apply for Universal Credit online.

    ", + "

    You have to apply as a couple if you and your partner live together. You do not need to be married.

    ", + "

    The Universal Credit team might phone you after you\u2019ve sent your application if they need more information or if you cannot verify your identity online.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim Universal Credit and tax credits at the same time. If you get tax credits, they will stop when you or your partner applies for Universal Credit. Check how tax credits and Universal Credit affect each other.

    ", + "

    What you need to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your bank, building society or credit union account details (call the Universal Credit helpline if you do not have one)
    • ", + "
  • an email address
    • ", + "
  • information about your housing, for example how much rent you pay
    • ", + "
  • details of your income, for example payslips
    • ", + "
  • details of savings and any investments, like shares or a property that you rent out
    • ", + "
  • details of how much you pay for childcare if you\u2019re applying for help with childcare costs
    • ", + "

    If you do not provide the right information when you apply it might affect when you get paid or how much you get.

    ", + "

    You also have to verify your identity online. You\u2019ll need some proof of identity for this, for example your:

    ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • passport
    • ", + "
  • debit or credit card
    • ", + "

    Apply for Universal Credit online

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    If you cannot verify your identity online

    ", + "

    The Universal Credit team will phone you to help you verify your identity.

    ", + "

    Help with your application

    ", + "

    If you need help with your application, ask straight away - the sooner you apply for Universal Credit, the sooner you get your first payment.

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways to get help with your Universal Credit application.

    ", + "

    Universal Credit helpline

    ", + "

    Contact the Universal Credit helpline if:

    ", + "
  • you cannot use digital services at all - this might be because of disability or your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • you have a question about your claim and cannot access your online claim
    • ", + "

    British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service

    ", + "

    You can use the BSL video relay service to make a claim.

    ", + "

    Find out what you need to do to use the service.

    ", + "

    The service is available Monday to Friday, 8am to 4pm.

    ", + "

    Help to Claim

    ", + "

    Help to Claim can support you in the early stages of your Universal Credit claim, from the online application, through to support with your application before your first full payment.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s a free, independent, confidential and impartial service provided by trained advisers from Citizens Advice. They can help with things like how to gather evidence for your application or how to prepare for your first Jobcentre appointment.

    ", + "

    Get Help to Claim:

    ", + "
  • if you live in England or Wales
    • ", + "
  • if you live in Scotland
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will make an appointment to talk to you, either over the phone or face-to-face.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability or illness that affects your work

    ", + "

    You may need a Work Capability Assessment to see how your disability or health condition affects your ability to work.

    ", + "

    Depending on the outcome of your assessment you may be eligible for an extra amount on top of your standard allowance.

    ", + "

    Terminal illness

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re terminally ill, you may get extra money for Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making a new claim, you can declare this during your application. If you\u2019ve already made a claim, you\u2019ll need to report this as a change of circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve claimed Universal Credit before

    ", + "

    You can sign in to your account to make a new claim if you\u2019ve claimed Universal Credit at any time during the last 6 months.

    ", + "

    If you stopped claiming more than 6 months ago, you\u2019ll need to reapply for Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Get an advance on your first payment

    ", + "

    If you need help to pay your bills or cover other costs while you wait for your first Universal Credit payment, you can apply to get an advance.

    ", + "

    The most you can get as an advance is the amount of your first estimated payment.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for an advance payment in your online account or through your Jobcentre Plus work coach.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • explain why you need an advance
    • ", + "
  • verify your identity (you\u2019ll do this when you apply online or on the phone with a work coach)
    • ", + "
  • provide bank account details for the advance (talk to your work coach if you cannot open an account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually find out the same day if you can get an advance.

    ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    Call the Universal Credit helpline if you need help applying for an advance payment.

    ", + "

    How you pay back your advance

    ", + "

    You start paying it back out of your first payment.

    ", + "

    You can choose how many months you pay the advance back over, within the time limit. You must usually pay back the advance within:

    ", + "
  • 24 months if you apply on or after 12 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • 12 months if you applied before 12 April 2021
    • ", + "

    You do not pay interest on it - the total amount you pay back is the same.

    ", + "

    Read more about getting a Universal Credit advance.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll make an agreement called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019 with your work coach.

    ", + "

    What you need to do depends on your situation. You might need to do activities such as:

    ", + "
  • write a CV
    • ", + "
  • look and apply for jobs
    • ", + "
  • go on training courses
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to do things like:

    ", + "
  • pay your own rent and other housing costs
    • ", + "
  • report any changes in your circumstances
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming with your partner, you\u2019ll each have a Claimant Commitment and set of responsibilities.

    ", + "

    If you have children

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a single parent or the lead carer in a couple, your responsibilities will change as your youngest child gets older and will be tailored to your personal circumstances.

    ", + "Age of your youngest child | Your responsibilities", + "Under 1 | You do not need to look for work", + "Aged 1 | You do not need to look for work. You need to have phone appointments with your work coach to discuss plans for moving into work in the future", + "Aged 2 | You do not need to look for work. You need to have regular phone appointments with your work coach and do work preparation activities (for example, writing your CV)", + "Aged 3 or 4 | Work a maximum of 16 hours a week (or spend 16 hours a week looking for work)", + "Aged between 5 and 12 | Work a maximum of 25 hours a week (or spend 25 hours a week looking for work)", + "13 or older | Work a maximum of 35 hours a week (or spend 35 hours a week looking for work)", + "

    If you get support with childcare costs

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • report your childcare costs when you pay them
    • ", + "
  • prove you\u2019ve paid your childcare provider
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show proof of:

    ", + "
  • your childcare provider for each child, for example an invoice or contract that includes the provider\u2019s registration number and full contact details
    • ", + "
  • the amount you paid and when you paid it, for example a receipt or bank statement
    • ", + "

    You can report childcare costs and provide proof that you\u2019ve paid by signing in to your Universal Credit account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the childcare amount in your next Universal Credit payment.

    ", + "

    If you pay for childcare after it\u2019s been provided, you can claim up to 3 months of past costs at a time. There may be a limit to how much you get back if you claim for more than one month\u2019s fees at a time. Talk to your work coach for advice.

    ", + "

    If you pay for childcare in advance, you can claim up to 3 months of advance costs at a time. You\u2019ll be paid back in your monthly Universal Credit payments during the months the childcare is for.

    ", + "

    If your payment is stopped or reduced

    ", + "

    If you do not meet your responsibilities or what you\u2019ve agreed in your Claimant Commitment, your Universal Credit could be stopped or reduced. This is called a sanction.

    ", + "

    There are different levels of sanctions and they\u2019re decided based on what you did and how often.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get half a sanction if you apply with a partner and only one of you does not meet their responsibilities.

    ", + "

    You can appeal a sanction if you think it\u2019s wrong. Citizens Advice can help with challenging a sanction.

    ", + "

    Help if your payment is stopped or reduced

    ", + "

    You can ask for a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or hygiene needs because you got a sanction. You\u2019ll repay it through your Universal Credit payments - they\u2019ll be lower until you pay it back.

    ", + "

    You must be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve tried to:

    ", + "
  • find the money from somewhere else
    • ", + "
  • only spend money on essentials
    • ", + "

    Call the Universal Credit helpline to ask for a hardship payment.

    ", + "

    Report a change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You need to report changes to your circumstances so you keep getting the right amount each month.

    ", + "

    Changes can include:

    ", + "
  • finding or finishing a job
    • ", + "
  • having a child
    • ", + "
  • moving in with your partner
    • ", + "
  • starting to care for a child or disabled person
    • ", + "
  • changing your mobile number or email address
    • ", + "
  • moving to a new address
    • ", + "
  • changing your bank details
    • ", + "
  • your rent going up or down
    • ", + "
  • changes to your health condition
    • ", + "
  • becoming too ill to work or meet your work coach
    • ", + "
  • changes to your earnings (only if you\u2019re self-employed)
    • ", + "
  • changes to your savings, investments and how much money you have
    • ", + "
  • changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    You could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.

    ", + "

    How to report

    ", + "

    You can report a change of circumstances by signing in to your Universal Credit account.

    ", + "

    If you get a job or increase the hours you work

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator or speak with your work coach to find out how getting a job or an increase in your earnings might affect your Universal Credit claim.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    ", + "

    If you have a terminal illness

    ", + "

    You may get extra money if you\u2019re terminally ill.

    ", + "

    If your life expectancy is more than 6 months

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to report this in the same way as any other change of circumstance.

    ", + "

    If your life expectancy is less than 6 months

    ", + "

    Report the change online through your Universal Credit account. You\u2019ll be contacted about what to do next.

    ", + "

    You can also get someone else to report the change for you. They\u2019ll need to ask a doctor or healthcare professional to fill in form DS1500 (the doctor will have the form already). Either the doctor or your representative can send it to:

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already sent form DS1500 for Personal Independence Payment or Employment and Support Allowance, you do not need to send it again.

    ", + "

    You will not need to have a Work Capability Assessment.

    ", + "

    Other financial support

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in financial difficulties, you can get help and advice from the government, local councils and other organisations.

    ", + "

    Advance and hardship payments

    ", + "

    If you do not have enough to live on while you wait for your first payment you can ask for an advance payment after you\u2019ve made a claim.

    ", + "

    You can also ask for a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or hygiene needs because you got a sanction.

    ", + "

    You need to pay it back through your Universal Credit payments - they\u2019ll be lower until you pay it back.

    ", + "

    Alternative Payment Arrangements

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re having financial difficulties or you\u2019re behind on your rent, you or your landlord may be able to apply for an Alternative Payment Arrangement (APA).

    ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you could get an APA to:

    ", + "
  • get your rent paid directly to your landlord
    • ", + "
  • get paid more frequently than once a month
    • ", + "
  • receive split payments, if you\u2019re part of a couple
    • ", + "

    Speak to your work coach to apply for an APA.

    ", + "

    Budgeting Advance

    ", + "

    You might be able to get a Budgeting Advance to help with:

    ", + "
  • emergency household costs such as replacing a broken cooker
    • ", + "
  • getting a job or staying in work
    • ", + "
  • funeral costs
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll repay it through your regular Universal Credit payments - these will be lower until you pay it back. If you stop getting Universal Credit, you\u2019ll have to repay the money in another way.

    ", + "

    How much you can borrow

    ", + "

    The smallest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100. You can get up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3348 if you\u2019re single
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3464 if you\u2019re part of a couple
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3812 if you have children
    • ", + "

    What you get depends on whether you have savings of over \u00a31,000 and can pay the loan back.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To get a Budgeting Advance, all of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been getting Universal Credit, Employment and Support Allowance, Income Support, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or State Pension Credit for 6 months or more, unless you need the money to help you start a new job or stay in work
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve earned less than \u00a32,600 (\u00a33,600 together for couples) in the past 6 months
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve paid off any previous Budgeting Advance loans
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Sign into your Universal Credit account and contact your work coach. They can tell you how to apply.

    ", + "

    Other benefits you can claim

    ", + "

    If you want to claim a benefit without your savings, your partner\u2019s savings or their income being taken into account, you can apply for either:

    ", + "
  • \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to find out what other benefits you could get, for example Personal Independence Payment if you\u2019re disabled.

    ", + "

    Other financial support you might get

    ", + "

    If you receive Universal Credit you may be able to get other payments too.

    ", + "

    The support you could get might be different in Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    Help with housing costs and bills

    ", + "

    You might be able to get:

    ", + "
  • BT Basic (or KCOM Flex Packages for the East Riding or Hull City Council local authority areas) if you have no income
    • ", + "
  • a Cold Weather Payment
    • ", + "
  • Disabled Facilities Grants
    • ", + "
  • Discretionary Housing Payments if your Universal Credit payment is not enough to pay your rent
    • ", + "
  • Energy Company Obligation (ECO) Affordable Warmth
    • ", + "
  • a reduction in your Council Tax
    • ", + "
  • WaterSure to cap your bills if you have a water meter
    • ", + "

    You can get advice on reducing your energy bills from:

    ", + "
  • Simple Energy Advice - in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • Energy Savings Trust Scotland - in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Bryson Energy - in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Help if you\u2019re pregnant or have a child

    ", + "

    You might be able to get:

    ", + "
  • free early education for 2 year olds
    • ", + "
  • free school meals
    • ", + "
  • Healthy Start vouchers (in England and Wales) if you\u2019re pregnant or have a child under 4 years old
    • ", + "
  • Best Start Foods and a Best Start Grant (in Scotland) if you\u2019re pregnant or have a child under 4 years old
    • ", + "
  • a Sure Start Maternity Grant in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • a Pregnancy and Baby payment in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Help with legal costs

    ", + "

    You might be able to get:

    ", + "
  • help with prison visiting costs
    • ", + "
  • help with the costs of using courts or tribunals
    • ", + "
  • legal aid
    • ", + "

    Help with other costs

    ", + "

    You might be able to get:

    ", + "
  • help with health costs, including prescriptions and dental treatment
    • ", + "
  • a Funeral Expenses Payment
    • ", + "
  • help with building up savings through Help to Save
    • ", + "

    Advice on money and debt

    ", + "

    You can get help and advice from:

    ", + "
  • your Jobcentre Plus work coach
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • Money Advice Trust
    • ", + "
  • the Money Manager tool from Money Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • My Money Steps
    • ", + "
  • National Debtline
    • ", + "
  • Shelter for help with housing and homelessness
    • ", + "
  • StepChange
    • ", + "
  • Turn2Us
    • ", + "

    Contact Universal Credit

    ", + "

    You can contact Universal Credit:

    ", + "
  • through your online account
    • ", + "
  • by calling the Universal Credit helpline
    • ", + "

    If your query is about claiming \u2018new style\u2019 benefits with Universal Credit

    ", + "

    You could get \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) at the same time or instead of Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    Apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA online or contact the Universal Credit helpline.

    ", + "

    Apply for \u2019new style\u2019 JSA

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 JSA online or contact the Jobcentre Plus helpline.

    ", + "

    If you have a query about an existing claim for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA or JSA

    ", + "

    Contact the Jobcentre Plus helpline.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pension Credit", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pension-credit", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Pension Credit gives you extra money to help with your living costs if you\u2019re over State Pension age and on a low income. Pension Credit can also help with housing costs such as ground rent or service charges.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You might get extra help if you\u2019re a carer, severely disabled, or responsible for a child or young person.

    ", + "

    Pension Credit is separate from your State Pension.

    ", + "

    You can get Pension Credit even if you have other income, savings or own your own home.

    ", + "

    This guide covers Pension Credit in England, Scotland and Wales. Find out about Pension Credit in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Other help if you get Pension Credit

    ", + "

    If you get Pension Credit you can also get other help, such as:

    ", + "
  • Housing Benefit if you rent the property you live in
    • ", + "
  • Support for Mortgage Interest if you own the property you live in
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax Reduction
    • ", + "
  • a free TV licence if you\u2019re aged 75 or over
    • ", + "
  • help with NHS dental treatment, glasses and transport costs for hospital appointments
    • ", + "
  • help with your heating costs
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must live in England, Scotland or Wales and have reached State Pension age to qualify for Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    Find out about Pension Credit in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you have a partner

    ", + "

    You must include your partner on your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be eligible if either:

    ", + "
  • you and your partner have both reached State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • one of you is getting Housing Benefit for people over State Pension age
    • ", + "

    A partner is either:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife or civil partner - if you live with them
    • ", + "
  • someone you live with as a couple, without being married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    Your income

    ", + "

    When you apply for Pension Credit your income is calculated. If you have a partner, your income is calculated together.

    ", + "

    Pension Credit tops up:

    ", + "
  • your weekly income to \u00a3177.10 if you\u2019re single
    • ", + "
  • your joint weekly income to \u00a3270.30 if you have a partner
    • ", + "

    If your income is higher, you might still be eligible for Pension Credit if you have a disability, you care for someone, you have savings or you have housing costs.

    ", + "

    What counts as income

    ", + "

    Your income includes:

    ", + "
  • State Pension
    • ", + "
  • other pensions
    • ", + "
  • earnings from employment and self-employment
    • ", + "
  • most social security benefits, for example Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    What does not count as income

    ", + "

    Not all benefits are counted as income. For example, the following are not counted:

    ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Christmas Bonus
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • social fund payments like Winter Fuel Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax Reduction
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve deferred your pension

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re entitled to a personal or workplace pension and you have not claimed it yet, the amount you\u2019d expect to get still counts as income.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve deferred your State Pension, the amount of State Pension you would get is counted as income.

    ", + "

    You cannot build up extra amounts for deferring your State Pension if you or your partner are getting Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    Your savings and investments

    ", + "

    If you have \u00a310,000 or less in savings and investments this will not affect your Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    If you have more than \u00a310,000, every \u00a3500 over \u00a310,000 counts as \u00a31 income a week. For example, if you have \u00a311,000 in savings, this counts as \u00a32 income a week.

    ", + "

    Contact the Pension Service helpline if your circumstances change.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Pension Credit tops up:

    ", + "
  • your weekly income to \u00a3177.10 if you\u2019re single
    • ", + "
  • your joint weekly income to \u00a3270.30 if you have a partner
    • ", + "

    You may get extra amounts if you have other responsibilities and costs.

    ", + "

    The top up and extra amounts are known as \u2018Guarantee Credit\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you have a severe disability

    ", + "

    You could get an extra \u00a367.30 a week if you get any of the following:

    ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • the middle or highest rate care component of Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    If you care for another adult

    ", + "

    You could get an extra \u00a337.70 a week if:

    ", + "
  • you get Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve claimed Carer\u2019s Allowance but are not being paid because you already get another benefit paying a higher amount
    • ", + "

    If you and your partner have both claimed or are getting Carer\u2019s Allowance, you can both get this extra amount.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re responsible for children or young people

    ", + "

    You could get an extra \u00a354.60 a week for each child or young person you\u2019re responsible for. This is increased to \u00a365.10 a week for the first child if they were born before 6 April 2017.

    ", + "

    The child or young person must normally live with you and be under the age of 20.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re 16 or over and under 20, they must be in (or accepted for):

    ", + "
  • approved training, such as Foundation Apprenticeships
    • ", + "
  • a course of non-advanced education (for example, they\u2019re studying for GCSEs or A levels)
    • ", + "

    If they\u2019re in education, it must be for more than 12 hours a week on average.

    ", + "

    If you get Tax Credits, you cannot get this extra amount of Pension Credit for caring for a child. But you might be eligible for Child Tax Credits.

    ", + "

    If the child or young person is disabled

    ", + "

    If the child or young person is disabled, you could also get an extra amount of either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a329.66 a week if they get DLA or PIP
    • ", + "
  • \u00a392.54 a week if they\u2019re blind or they get the highest rate care component of DLA, or the enhanced daily living component of PIP
    • ", + "

    If you have housing costs

    ", + "

    You could get an extra amount to cover your housing costs, such as:

    ", + "
  • ground rent if your property is a leasehold
    • ", + "
  • some service charges
    • ", + "
  • charges for tents and site rents
    • ", + "

    The amount you could get depends on your housing costs.

    ", + "

    If you get Pension Credit, you could also be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • Council Tax Reduction
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit if you rent the property you live in
    • ", + "
  • Support for Mortgage Interest if you own the property you live in
    • ", + "

    If you have savings or a second pension

    ", + "

    You could get the \u2018Savings Credit\u2019 part of Pension Credit if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • you saved some money for retirement, for example a personal or workplace pension
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get up to \u00a314.04 Savings Credit a week if you\u2019re single. If you have a partner, you\u2019ll get up to \u00a315.71 a week.

    ", + "

    You might still get some Savings Credit even if you do not get the Guarantee Credit part of Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    Other help if you get Pension Credit

    ", + "

    If you get Pension Credit you\u2019ll automatically get cold weather payments.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be eligible to:

    ", + "
  • get help with NHS costs, such as prescriptions, dental treatment, glasses and transport costs for hospital appointments
    • ", + "
  • apply for a free TV licence if you\u2019re aged 75 or over
    • ", + "

    Find out how much you could get

    ", + "

    Use the Pension Credit calculator to work out how much you might get.

    ", + "

    Contact the Pension Service helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether you\u2019re eligible for extra amounts.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, for example a bank account.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can start your application up to 4 months before you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You can apply any time after you reach State Pension age but your application can only be backdated by 3 months. This means you can get up to 3 months of Pension Credit in your first payment if you were eligible during that time.

    ", + "

    Information you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the following information about you and your partner if you have one:

    ", + "
  • National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • information about any income, savings and investments you have
    • ", + "
  • information about your income, savings and investments on the date you want to backdate your application to (usually 3 months ago or the date you reached State Pension age)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need your bank account details if you\u2019re applying by phone or by post.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can use the online service if:

    ", + "
  • you have already claimed your State Pension
    • ", + "
  • there are no children or young people included in your application
    • ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Apply by phone

    ", + "

    A friend or family member can call for you if you cannot use the phone.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    To apply by post, print out and fill in the Pension Credit claim form or call the claim line to request a form.

    ", + "

    Send the claim form to the Pension Service, or ask someone to do it for you.

    ", + "

    Contact a voluntary organisation like Citizens Advice or Age UK if you need help with the form.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your Pension Credit application. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Report a change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You need to report changes to you and your partner\u2019s personal and financial circumstances.

    ", + "

    Your claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change straight away. Some changes will increase the amount of Pension Credit you could get.

    ", + "

    Changes to your personal circumstances

    ", + "

    A change of personal circumstances can include:

    ", + "
  • moving to a new address
    • ", + "
  • starting or stopping living with a partner
    • ", + "
  • the death of a partner who is named on your claim
    • ", + "
  • starting or stopping work
    • ", + "
  • going into hospital or a care home
    • ", + "
  • people moving in or out of your house
    • ", + "
  • changing your name
    • ", + "
  • switching your bank account
    • ", + "
  • changes to your Post Office card account
    • ", + "
  • leaving England, Scotland and Wales for any period (for example, going on holiday)
    • ", + "
  • you start or stop looking after a child or young person under the age of 20
    • ", + "
  • changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    Changes to your financial circumstances

    ", + "

    You also need to report if your income or expenses change. This can include changes to:

    ", + "
  • housing costs, for example ground rent or service charges
    • ", + "
  • benefits that anyone living in your home gets - including getting a new benefit or a benefit being stopped
    • ", + "
  • occupational or personal pensions - including if you start to get a new pension or take a lump sum out of your pension pot
    • ", + "
  • other income, for example foreign pensions or Working Tax Credits
    • ", + "
  • savings, investments or property
    • ", + "

    Call the Pension Credit helpline if you\u2019re not sure if you need to report a change.

    ", + "

    You could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.

    ", + "

    How to report a change

    ", + "

    You can also report by post. The address is on the letters you get about your Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    Living with a partner under State Pension age

    ", + "

    You will stop getting Pension Credit if you start living with a partner who is under State Pension age. You can start getting it again when your partner reaches State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you were living with a partner under State Pension age before 15 May 2019 and getting Pension Credit, you\u2019ll keep getting it unless you stop being eligible. If this happens, you usually won\u2019t be able to get Pension Credit again until you and your partner are both eligible.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get Pension Credit, you might be entitled to Universal Credit instead, but you and your partner cannot get both at the same time. If one of you starts getting Universal Credit you\u2019ll stop being eligible for Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    If you have an Assessed Income Period (AIP)

    ", + "

    An AIP is a period of time when you do not have to report changes to your pensions, savings or investments.

    ", + "

    If you have an AIP you must still report all other changes to your personal circumstances.

    ", + "

    Your Pension Credit award letter will tell you if you have an AIP. You may have one if you\u2019re aged 75 or over and you started getting Pension Credit before 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    Your AIP will end if your household circumstances change, for example if you move into a care home or if you become a member of a couple.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter saying your AIP has ended. From then on, you must report all changes to your circumstances, including changes to your pensions, savings or investments.

    ", + "

    Call the Pension Service helpline if you\u2019re not sure if you need to report a change.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Help with moving from benefits to work", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/moving-from-benefits-to-work", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Get support from Jobcentre Plus to help you prepare for, find and stay in work, including:

    ", + "
  • training, guidance and work placement programmes
    • ", + "
  • work experience, volunteering and job trialling schemes
    • ", + "
  • help with starting your own business
    • ", + "
  • help combining work with looking after children or caring responsibilities
    • ", + "
  • extra help for specific problems
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to keep getting some benefits once you start working.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Support for disabled people

    ", + "

    Speak to your local Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re disabled or have a long-term health condition. They can help you find a job or gain new skills, and tell you about specific programmes to help you back into work.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get an Access to Work grant to pay for:

    ", + "
  • special equipment, adaptations or support worker services to help you do things like answer the phone or go to meetings
    • ", + "
  • help getting to and from work
    • ", + "
  • mental health support
    • ", + "
  • communication support at a job interview (for example, a British Sign Language interpreter or a lipspeaker)
    • ", + "

    Job search programmes

    ", + "

    Your Jobcentre Plus work coach can give you more information about programmes that can help you prepare for, find and stay in work.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland, you can also get help from Fair Start Scotland.

    ", + "

    Work Programme

    ", + "

    The Work Programme stopped taking new participants on 1 April 2017. If you\u2019re already taking part, you can continue to do so for up to 2 years from the date you joined.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to attend an assessment interview with Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019ve been on the Work Programme for 2 years. The interview will help you plan, prepare and find work.

    ", + "

    Help for specific types of work

    ", + "

    Sector-based work academies offer training and work experience for up to 6 weeks in a particular industry or area of work.

    ", + "

    Most academies also offer a guaranteed interview for a job or an apprenticeship.

    ", + "

    They\u2019re available to you if you\u2019re claiming any of the following because you\u2019re unemployed:

    ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (if you\u2019re in the Work-Related Activity Group)
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    Work clubs

    ", + "

    Anyone who\u2019s unemployed can join a Work Club. They\u2019re run by local organisations like employers and community groups, and give you the chance to share knowledge, experience and job hunting tips.

    ", + "

    Work experience and volunteering

    ", + "

    Contact Jobcentre Plus to find out about opportunities that can improve your chances of finding work, including work experience, volunteering and work trials.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get help with costs like childcare and travel.

    ", + "

    Work experience

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) or Universal Credit, you can get work experience through Jobcentre Plus.

    ", + "

    Work experience can last between 2 and 8 weeks, and you\u2019ll normally be expected to work between 25 and 30 hours a week. You\u2019ll carry on getting your JSA or Universal Credit payment as long as you continue to look for work.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get help from Jobcentre Plus for costs related to work experience, for example for travel or childcare.

    ", + "

    Work Together (volunteering)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unemployed and looking for work, you can volunteer with a local organisation through the Work Together programme. Your Jobcentre Plus work coach will help you to find a volunteering opportunity.

    ", + "

    Work trials

    ", + "

    A work trial gives you the chance to try out a job and keep getting benefits. It can last up to 30 working days, and you might get offered a job at the end.

    ", + "

    Work trials are voluntary, and your benefits will not be affected if you finish early or turn down a job you\u2019re offered.

    ", + "

    Your Jobcentre Plus can arrange a work trial for you, or you can ask them about how to do this yourself.

    ", + "

    Employment on Trial

    ", + "

    Employment on Trial allows you to leave a job and start claiming JSA again without this affecting your benefit (unless you\u2019re sacked or leave because of misconduct).

    ", + "

    You must have worked more than 16 hours a week for between 4 and 12 weeks before leaving the job.

    ", + "

    Starting or running your own business

    ", + "

    You may be able to get New Enterprise Allowance to help you:

    ", + "
  • start your own business
    • ", + "
  • develop your business, if you\u2019re already self-employed
    • ", + "

    Starting your own business

    ", + "

    You could get mentoring and an allowance to help you start your own business through New Enterprise Allowance.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible if you\u2019re over 18 and either:

    ", + "
  • you or your partner get Universal Credit, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • you get Income Support and you\u2019re a lone parent, sick or disabled
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a mentor who\u2019ll give you advice and support to help you set up your business and start to trade.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve made a business plan that your mentor has approved, you:

    ", + "
  • may get a weekly allowance worth up to \u00a31,274 over 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • can apply for a loan to help with start-up costs
    • ", + "

    How to get New Enterprise Allowance

    ", + "

    Talk to your Jobcentre Plus work coach. They\u2019ll check your business idea and help you if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Developing your business

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed and getting Universal Credit, you may be able to:

    ", + "
  • get a mentor who\u2019ll give you advice and support to help you develop your business
    • ", + "
  • apply for a start-up loan if your business is less than 2 years old
    • ", + "

    To find out if you\u2019re eligible for New Enterprise Allowance, contact your work coach by signing in to your Universal Credit account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled or you have a health condition

    ", + "

    You may be able to get extra support through an Access to Work grant.

    ", + "

    Help for parents and carers

    ", + "

    Your Jobcentre Plus work coach can tell you about support you can get to help you combine work with looking after children or caring responsibilities.

    ", + "

    Help for parents

    ", + "

    Parents can get help with childcare costs when moving from benefits to work.

    ", + "

    Help for carers

    ", + "

    Work Preparation Support for Carers provides help and support for you to make a successful move into work, including access to training and advice on job hunting and applications.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get help with the cost of replacement care while you take part in training or attend interviews.

    ", + "

    Help with drug and alcohol problems

    ", + "

    You may be able to get extra support if you have drug or alcohol problems that are stopping you working.

    ", + "

    Your Jobcentre Plus work coach can tell you about the help available from specialist drugs or alcohol treatment professionals in your area, and refer you to their services if you want.

    ", + "

    This help is available to anyone getting benefits.

    ", + "

    Support when you start working

    ", + "

    Going back to work does not mean giving up all your benefits. Some benefits may carry on, and others may be available once you\u2019re working.

    ", + "

    Contact Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019ve found a job and you or your partner have been getting:

    ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    Your Jobcentre Plus work coach will help you to manage your move into work, and sort out changes to your other benefits, including tax credits. What you can get will depend on how long you were claiming these benefits without a break.

    ", + "

    You do not have to fill in any forms, but make sure you have details of your income, savings and any rent payments to hand.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to see how starting a job or increasing your working hours affects your benefits.

    ", + "

    Help with housing

    ", + "

    Depending on how long you have been claiming benefits, you may be able to get:

    ", + "
  • Mortgage Interest Run On
    • ", + "
  • Extended Payment of Housing Benefit
    • ", + "

    These payments provide help for up to 4 weeks when you start a new job and begin earning a wage. You may also be able to get extended reductions on your Council Tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled or you have a health condition

    ", + "

    You may be able to get extra support through an Access to Work grant.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get support in work if you have a disability or health condition (Access to Work)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/access-to-work", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled or have a physical or mental health condition that makes it hard for you to do your job, you can:

    ", + "
  • talk to your employer about changes they must make in your workplace
    • ", + "
  • get extra help from Access to Work, including mental health support
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Talk to your employer about changes they must make in your workplace

    ", + "

    Your employer must make certain changes (known as \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019) to make sure you\u2019re not substantially disadvantaged when doing your job. These could include changing your working hours or providing equipment to help you do your job.

    ", + "

    You should talk to your employer about reasonable adjustments before you apply for Access to Work.

    ", + "

    Get help from Access to Work

    ", + "

    If the help you need at work is not covered by your employer making reasonable adjustments, you may be able to get help from Access to Work.

    ", + "

    You need to have a paid job, or be about to start or return to one.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be offered support based on your needs, which may include a grant to help cover the costs of practical support in the workplace. Your workplace can include your home if you work from there some or all of the time.

    ", + "

    An Access to Work grant can pay for:

    ", + "
  • special equipment, adaptations or support worker services to help you do things like answer the phone or go to meetings
    • ", + "
  • help getting to and from work
    • ", + "

    You might not get a grant if you already get certain benefits.

    ", + "

    The money does not have to be paid back and will not affect your other benefits.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different system in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Get mental health support

    ", + "

    You can apply for Access to Work to get mental health support, or contact a Mental Health Support Service provider directly.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To get help from Access to Work you must:

    ", + "
  • have a disability or health condition (physical or mental) that makes it hard for you to do parts of your job or get to and from work
    • ", + "
  • be 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • live in England, Scotland or Wales - there\u2019s a different system in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You also need to have a paid job, or be about to start or return to one. A paid job could include:

    ", + "
  • self-employment
    • ", + "
  • an apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • a work trial or work experience
    • ", + "
  • an internship
    • ", + "

    You cannot get a grant for voluntary work.

    ", + "

    Your job must be based in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    You cannot get Access to Work if you live in the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.

    ", + "

    If you get other benefits

    ", + "

    Certain benefits may affect whether you can get an Access to Work grant.

    ", + "

    Universal Credit, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or Income Support

    ", + "

    You can still get help from Access to Work if you work more than one hour a week.

    ", + "

    Employment and Support Allowance

    ", + "

    You can only get help from Access to Work if you\u2019re doing \u2018permitted work\u2019. It\u2019s permitted work if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you earn up to \u00a3143 a week
    • ", + "
  • you work less than 16 hours a week
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s been agreed with your work coach
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be offered support based on your needs. This may include a grant to help cover the costs of travel to and from work or practical support in the workplace. Your workplace can include your home if you work from there some or all of the time.

    ", + "

    The grant can help pay for items or services you need, including:

    ", + "
  • adaptations to the equipment you use
    • ", + "
  • special equipment or software
    • ", + "
  • British Sign Language interpreters and video relay service support, lip speakers or note takers
    • ", + "
  • adaptations to your vehicle so you can get to work
    • ", + "
  • taxi fares to work or a support worker if you cannot use public transport - for example, if you use a wheelchair and your journey includes a train station that does not have ramps
    • ", + "
  • taxi fares to work or a support worker if you cannot use public transport safely because of coronavirus (COVID-19) - for example, if you\u2019re blind and because of this you\u2019re unable to stay apart from other people
    • ", + "
  • a support worker or job coach to help you in your workplace
    • ", + "
  • personal protective equipment for your support worker, if you employ them yourself
    • ", + "
  • disability awareness training for your colleagues
    • ", + "
  • the cost of moving your equipment if you change location or job
    • ", + "

    Access to Work can also help assess whether your needs can be met through reasonable adjustments by your employer.

    ", + "

    Mental health support

    ", + "

    You can get confidential support and advice from a trained healthcare professional from the Mental Health Support Service. You do not need to have a diagnosed condition to use the service.

    ", + "

    You do not have to get Access to Work to get support from the Mental Health Support Service, but you must be eligible.

    ", + "

    To get mental health support you can apply for Access to Work. You can also contact one of the Mental Health Support Service providers directly. They are:

    ", + "
  • Able Futures
    • ", + "
  • Remploy
    • ", + "

    How your Access to Work grant is paid

    ", + "

    You or your employer will buy the items or services you need.

    ", + "

    Access to Work will pay the money back, up to the amount of the grant you\u2019ve been offered and with any contributions (such as employer or NHS contributions) deducted.

    ", + "

    What Access to Work will not cover

    ", + "

    You will not get an Access to Work grant to pay for:

    ", + "
  • changes that your employer has to make (reasonable adjustments)
    • ", + "
  • items that would normally be needed to do the job whether a person is disabled or not
    • ", + "
  • support that your employer used to provide but has stopped
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re eligible before you apply.

    ", + "

    You can apply for Access to Work online or by phone.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your workplace address and postcode
    • ", + "
  • the name of a workplace contact who can authorise your Access to Work payments
    • ", + "
  • your workplace contact\u2019s email address or work phone number
    • ", + "
  • your unique tax reference number (if you\u2019re self-employed)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to explain:

    ", + "
  • how your condition affects you at work or getting to work
    • ", + "
  • what help you\u2019re already getting
    • ", + "
  • what else could help you
    • ", + "

    It will help your application if you\u2019ve spoken to your employer about reasonable adjustments before you apply for Access to Work.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Apply by phone

    ", + "

    You can apply by calling the Access to Work helpline. Make sure you have all the necessary details with you when you call.

    ", + "

    British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service

    ", + "

    To use this you must:

    ", + "
  • first check you can use the service
    • ", + "
  • go to the video relay service
    • ", + "

    Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call the Access to Work number to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    You can contact Access to Work to complain if you are not happy with how your case has been handled.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied, an Access to Work adviser will contact you to discuss what help you could get.

    ", + "

    An adviser may also contact your employer to discuss how Access to Work can support you. They will not contact your employer until they\u2019ve agreed this with you first.

    ", + "

    An assessor may visit your workplace to assess your needs.

    ", + "

    You may get an offer of support, which could include a grant. If it does, you\u2019ll be told how much you\u2019ll get and for how long.

    ", + "

    Renew

    ", + "

    If your Access to Work grant is ending soon, you need to apply to renew it. You can apply up to 12 weeks before the date it ends.

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re still eligible before you apply.

    ", + "

    You can apply online or by phone.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide your:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • unique reference number (if you know it)
    • ", + "

    After you apply, an Access to Work adviser will contact you. They may request further information about your condition.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also contact your employer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re offered a new grant, you\u2019ll be told how much you\u2019ll get and for how long.

    ", + "

    Renew online

    ", + "

    Renew by phone

    ", + "

    You can apply by calling the Access to Work helpline. Make sure you have all the necessary details with you when you call.

    ", + "

    British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service

    ", + "

    To use this you must:

    ", + "
  • first check you can use the service
    • ", + "
  • go to the video relay service
    • ", + "

    Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call the Access to Work number to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    You can contact Access to Work to complain if you are not happy with how your case has been handled.

    ", + "

    Report a change of circumstances

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting support from Access to Work you need to report changes to:

    ", + "
  • your disability or health condition (physical or mental)
    • ", + "
  • your home or work address - if you get travel to work support
    • ", + "
  • your employer, job role or working pattern
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to tell Access to Work if your contact details change. For example, if you get a new phone number.

    ", + "

    To report a change call the Access to Work helpline.

    ", + "

    British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service

    ", + "

    To use this you must:

    ", + "
  • first check you can use the service
    • ", + "
  • go to the video relay service
    • ", + "

    Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get help with savings if you\u2019re on a low income (Help to Save)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-help-savings-low-income", + "contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    Help to Save is a type of savings account. It allows certain people entitled to Working Tax Credit or receiving Universal Credit to get a bonus of 50p for every \u00a31 they save over 4 years.

    ", + "

    Help to Save is backed by the government so all savings in the scheme are secure.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    How payments work

    ", + "

    You can save between \u00a31 and \u00a350 each calendar month. You do not have to pay money in every month.

    ", + "

    You can pay money into your Help to Save account by debit card, standing order or bank transfer.

    ", + "

    You can pay in as many times as you like, but the most you can pay in each calendar month is \u00a350. For example, if you have saved \u00a350 by 8 January you will not be able to pay in again until 1 February.

    ", + "

    You can only withdraw money from your Help to Save account to your bank account.

    ", + "

    How bonuses work

    ", + "

    You get bonuses at the end of the second and fourth years. They\u2019re based on how much you\u2019ve saved.

    ", + "

    What happens after 4 years

    ", + "

    Your Help to Save account will close 4 years after you open it. You will not be able to reopen it or open another Help to Save account. You\u2019ll be able to keep the money from your account.

    ", + "

    You can close your account at any time. If you close your account early you\u2019ll miss your next bonus and you will not be able to open another one.

    ", + "

    Sign in

    ", + "

    Sign in to your Help to Save account if you already have one.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    You can earn 2 tax-free bonuses over 4 years. You\u2019ll get any bonuses you\u2019ve earned even if you withdraw money.

    ", + "

    After your first 2 years, you\u2019ll get a first bonus if you\u2019ve been using your account to save. This bonus will be 50% of the highest balance you\u2019ve saved.

    ", + "

    After 4 years, you\u2019ll get a final bonus if you continue to save. This bonus will be 50% of the difference between 2 amounts:

    ", + "
  • the highest balance saved in the first 2 years (years 1 and 2)
    • ", + "
  • the highest balance saved in the last 2 years (years 3 and 4)
    • ", + "

    If your highest balance does not increase, you will not earn a final bonus.

    ", + "

    The most you can pay into your account each calendar month is \u00a350, which is \u00a32,400 over 4 years. The most you can earn from your savings in 4 years is \u00a31,200 in bonus money.

    ", + "

    Your bonus is paid into your bank account, not your Help to Save account.

    ", + "

    What happens if you withdraw money

    ", + "

    If you withdraw money it will be harder for you to:

    ", + "
  • grow your highest balance
    • ", + "
  • earn the largest possible bonuses
    • ", + "

    Withdrawing money could mean you are not able to earn a final bonus - depending on how much you withdraw and when.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can open a Help to Save account if you\u2019re any of the following:

    ", + "
  • receiving Working Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • entitled to Working Tax Credit and receiving Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • claiming Universal Credit and you (with your partner if it\u2019s a joint claim) earned \u00a3617.73 or more from paid work in your last monthly assessment period
    • ", + "

    If you get payments as a couple, you and your partner can apply for your own Help to Save accounts. You need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You also need to be living in the UK. If you live overseas, you can apply for an account if you\u2019re either a:

    ", + "
  • Crown servant or their spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • member of the British armed forces or their spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "

    If you stop claiming benefits

    ", + "

    You can keep using your Help to Save account.

    ", + "

    How it will affect your benefits

    ", + "

    Saving money though a Help to Save account could affect your eligibility for certain benefits and how much you get.

    ", + "

    Universal Credit

    ", + "

    If you or your partner have \u00a36,000 or less in personal savings this will not affect how much Universal Credit you get. This includes any savings in your Help to Save account.

    ", + "

    Your Help to Save bonuses will not affect your Universal Credit payments.

    ", + "

    Working Tax Credit

    ", + "

    Any savings or bonuses you earn through Help to Save will not affect how much Working Tax Credit you get.

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit

    ", + "

    If you or your partner have \u00a36,000 or less in personal savings this will not affect how much Housing Benefit you get. This includes any savings in your Help to Save account.

    ", + "

    Your Help to Save bonuses will not affect your Housing Benefit payments.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You need a Government Gateway user ID and password to apply. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to provide your UK bank details when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Sign in

    ", + "

    Sign in to your Help to Save account if you already have one.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Budgeting Loans", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/budgeting-help-benefits", + "contents": [ + "

    How they work

    ", + "

    A Budgeting Loan can help pay for:

    ", + "
  • furniture or household items (for example, washing machines or other \u2018white goods\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • clothes or footwear
    • ", + "
  • rent in advance
    • ", + "
  • costs linked to moving house
    • ", + "
  • maintenance, improvements or security for your home
    • ", + "
  • travelling costs within the UK
    • ", + "
  • costs linked to getting a new job
    • ", + "
  • maternity costs
    • ", + "
  • funeral costs
    • ", + "
  • repaying hire purchase loans
    • ", + "
  • repaying loans taken for the above items
    • ", + "

    Crisis Loans are not available any more.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on certain benefits for 6 months.

    ", + "

    You only have to pay back the amount you borrow, and repayments are taken automatically from your benefits.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Check if you're eligible

    ", + "

    To get a Budgeting Loan you must have been getting one or more of these benefits for the past 6 months:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "

    If you moved from Universal Credit to Pension Credit, any time spent claiming Universal Credit will count towards the 6 months.

    ", + "

    You cannot get a Budgeting Loan if:

    ", + "
  • you are currently claiming Universal Credit - apply for a Budgeting Advance instead
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re involved in industrial action (for example, a strike, walkout or lockout)
    • ", + "
  • you owe more than \u00a31,500 in total for Crisis Loans and Budgeting Loans
    • ", + "

    If you live in Northern Ireland, go to Budgeting Loans in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What you could get

    ", + "

    The lowest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100. You could get up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3348 if you\u2019re single
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3464 if you have a partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3812 if you or your partner claim Child Benefit
    • ", + "

    How much you could get depends on whether you:

    ", + "
  • can pay the loan back
    • ", + "
  • have savings of more than \u00a31,000 (\u00a32,000 if you or your partner are 63 or over)
    • ", + "
  • are paying back an existing Budgeting Loan or Crisis Loan
    • ", + "

    Paying back the loan

    ", + "

    A Budgeting Loan is interest free so you only pay back what you borrow.

    ", + "

    The repayments will be taken automatically from your benefits. The amount you repay is based on your income - including any benefits you receive - and what you can afford.

    ", + "

    After you apply for a Budgeting Loan, you\u2019ll get an email, text or letter telling you if you\u2019ve been offered a loan. This explains how much your weekly repayments will be if you accept the loan.

    ", + "

    You normally have to repay the loan within 2 years (104 weeks). If you stop getting benefits, you\u2019ll need to arrange another way to repay.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re eligible before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit you cannot get a Budgeting Loan. You\u2019ll need to apply for a Budgeting Advance\u00a0instead.

    ", + "

    You can apply online or using the paper form. It\u2019s quicker to apply online.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    When you apply online, you can choose to get a decision on your loan by either:

    ", + "
  • email
    • ", + "
  • text message
    • ", + "
  • letter
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s quicker to get the decision by email or text message and accept it online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to apply for a Budgeting Loan in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Apply using the paper form

    ", + "

    You will need to fill in form SF500. You can:

    ", + "
  • download and print the form
    • ", + "
  • phone the Social Fund Enquiry Line and ask for a form to be posted to you - allow 7 days for the form to arrive
    • ", + "

    Return your completed form by post.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    After you apply you will be given a decision on your application. You need to accept the decision before you get your money.

    ", + "

    If you apply online

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find out if you\u2019ve been offered a loan within:

    ", + "
  • 7 days if you get the decision by text or email
    • ", + "
  • 21 days if you get the decision by letter
    • ", + "

    If you apply by post

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you if you\u2019ve been offered a loan within 21 days.

    ", + "

    Accepting the loan

    ", + "

    How you accept the loan depends on how you applied.

    ", + "

    Accept online

    ", + "

    You can accept the loan offer online by following the instructions in the text or email.

    ", + "

    Accept by post

    ", + "

    You can accept by signing page 4 of the acceptance letter and returning it in the pre-paid envelope provided. Make sure the reply slip is folded so that the return address is fully visible in the envelope window.

    ", + "

    Return it to the address on the letter. Do not send it to your local Jobcentre Plus office as this may delay getting your loan.

    ", + "

    Getting your money

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your money within:

    ", + "
  • 7 days of accepting the loan offer online
    • ", + "
  • 21 days of your loan offer acceptance being received by post
    • ", + "

    The money will be paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a text message confirming this has been done.

    ", + "

    Questions about your application

    ", + "

    Call the Social Fund Enquiry Line if you have a question about the progress of your application.

    ", + "

    You should wait:

    ", + "
  • 14 days before phoning if you applied online
    • ", + "
  • 21 days before phoning if you applied by post
    • ", + "

    Your application may not have been processed before then.

    ", + "

    Other help you can get

    ", + "

    You may be able to get other kinds of support, including:

    ", + "
  • help from your local council and Jobcentre Plus
    • ", + "
  • the Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales
    • ", + "
  • a Crisis Grant or Community Care Grant in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Discretionary Support or a Short-term Benefit Advance in Northern Ireland
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get ESA if you were unable to work while self-isolating or \u2018shielding\u2019 because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    ESA gives you:

    ", + "
  • money to help with living costs if you\u2019re unable to work
    • ", + "
  • support to get back into work if you\u2019re able to
    • ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re employed, self-employed or unemployed.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you\u2019re under State Pension age and you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.

    ", + "

    You also need to have both:

    ", + "
  • worked as an employee or have been self-employed
    • ", + "
  • paid enough National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years - National Insurance credits also count
    • ", + "

    Check your National Insurance record for gaps.

    ", + "

    You could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. Universal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs.

    ", + "

    You cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you:

    ", + "
  • claim Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • claim Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "

    If your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is due to end

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends. You\u2019ll start getting \u2018new style\u2019 ESA as soon as your SSP ends.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re working

    ", + "

    You can apply whether you\u2019re in or out of work. There are conditions to working while claiming ESA.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re unable to claim Statutory Sick Pay and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you or your child might have COVID-19 or you\u2019re recovering from it
    • ", + "
  • you or your child are self-isolating because you came into contact with someone who might have COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "
  • you were advised to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19
    • ", + "

    Shielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming ESA because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll need to give evidence to support your claim.

    ", + "

    Proof if you\u2019re self-isolating because of COVID-19

    ", + "

    If you or your child are self-isolating and you cannot work because of COVID-19, you can get an \u2018isolation note\u2019 online from NHS 111 if you\u2019ve been off work for 7 or more days. You do not have to go to your doctor or a hospital.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, your notification is proof.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery, your letter confirming the date of your procedure is proof.

    ", + "

    Proof if you were advised to shield because of COVID-19

    ", + "

    Your doctor or health authority should have sent you a letter advising you or your child to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19.

    ", + "

    The letter will have included the period to shield for. It is proof of your eligibility for ESA for days away from work in that period.

    ", + "

    You may have more than one letter covering more than one shielding period.

    ", + "

    Contact your doctor if you do not have a letter but think you should have one.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    How much you get will depend on what stage your application is at, as well as things like your age and whether you\u2019re able to get back into work.

    ", + "

    If you get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019ll earn Class 1 National Insurance credits, which can help towards your State Pension and some benefits in the future.

    ", + "

    What might affect how much you get paid

    ", + "

    You cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.

    ", + "

    Neither your or your partner\u2019s savings or income will affect how much \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019re paid. But a private pension worth more than \u00a385 per week may affect how much you can get.

    ", + "

    If you get income-related ESA, your household income and savings worth \u00a36,000 or more may affect how much you can get.

    ", + "

    While your claim is being assessed

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally get the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 for 13 weeks while your claim is being assessed.

    ", + "

    This will be:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a359.20 a week if you\u2019re aged under 25
    • ", + "
  • up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re aged 25 or over
    • ", + "

    If it takes longer than 13 weeks to assess your claim, you\u2019ll continue getting the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until you get a decision or until your ESA is due to end. Your ESA will be backdated if you\u2019re owed any money after 13 weeks.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019re assessed

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be placed into one of 2 groups if you\u2019re entitled to ESA. If you\u2019re able to get back into work in the future, you\u2019ll be put into the work-related activity group. Otherwise, you\u2019ll be put into the support group.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group
    • ", + "
  • up to \u00a3114.10 a week if you\u2019re in the support group
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the support group

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the support group and on income-related ESA, you\u2019re also entitled to the enhanced disability premium.

    ", + "

    You may also qualify for the severe disability premium.

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for a disability premium.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get paid ESA every 2 weeks.

    ", + "

    All benefits are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Other benefits you can claim

    ", + "

    Universal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs. You could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to find out what other benefits you could get, for example Personal Independence Payment (PIP) if you have a long-term health condition or disability.

    ", + "

    The benefit cap may affect the total amount of benefit you can get. The cap will not affect you if you\u2019re in the support group.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re moving to Universal Credit from income-related ESA

    ", + "

    If your income-related ESA claim is ending because you\u2019re making a new claim for Universal Credit, you\u2019ll automatically continue to get the amount of ESA you currently receive, as long as you\u2019re still eligible. You\u2019ll normally get this for 2 weeks, starting from the date of your new claim.

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you telling you how this works.

    ", + "

    You do not need to pay this money back, and it will not affect the amount of Universal Credit you get.

    ", + "

    Budgeting Loan

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on income-related ESA for at least 6 months.

    ", + "

    Advice on money and debt

    ", + "

    You can get help and advice from your Jobcentre Plus work coach or:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • Money Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • National Debtline
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • ", + "
  • Turn2us
    • ", + "

    Working while you claim

    ", + "

    You can usually work while you are claiming ESA if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you work less than 16 hours a week
    • ", + "
  • you do not earn more than \u00a3143 a week
    • ", + "

    Tell Jobcentre Plus about your work when you make a claim.

    ", + "

    Send this form to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re already claiming ESA and you want to start work.

    ", + "

    When you can work 16 hours or more a week

    ", + "

    You can work more than 16 hours a week if the work is either voluntary or \u2018supported permitted work\u2019.

    ", + "

    Supported permitted work

    ", + "

    The work must be either:

    ", + "
  • supervised by someone from a local council or voluntary organisation who arranges work for disabled people
    • ", + "
  • part of a treatment programme under medical supervision
    • ", + "

    You can still earn no more than \u00a3143 a week.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. \nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to apply in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What you need to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • your bank or building society account number and sort code (you can use a friend or family member\u2019s account if you do not have one)
    • ", + "
  • your doctor\u2019s name, address and telephone number
    • ", + "
  • details of your income if you\u2019re working
    • ", + "
  • the date your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) ends if you\u2019re claiming it
    • ", + "

    You cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re getting Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) from an employer. You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll also need:

    ", + "
  • an \u2018isolation note\u2019 if you\u2019re unable to work because of COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • your notification from the NHS or public health authorities if you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate because you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • a letter confirming the date of your procedure if you\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "
  • a letter from your doctor or a health authority advising you or your child to shield (take extra precautions to reduce contact with others) because you\u2019re at very high risk of severe illness from COVID-19
    • ", + "

    Shielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll be contacted by phone and told when to give the evidence and where to send it.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    When you can apply by phone

    ", + "

    Call the Universal Credit helpline if:

    ", + "
  • you cannot make an application online
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an appointee for someone
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will contact you within 10 working days of applying.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible

    ", + "

    DWP will contact you within 10 working days to schedule an appointment that you must attend. It will normally be over the phone with a work coach from your local Jobcentre Plus office.

    ", + "

    Your work coach will explain what you need to do to get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. They will create an agreement with you called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must agree to your Claimant Commitment before you can get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.

    ", + "

    At the appointment, you\u2019ll be asked to:

    ", + "
  • explain how your illness or disability affects your ability to work
    • ", + "
  • provide medical evidence
    • ", + "
  • agree to tell your local Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible

    ", + "

    DWP will send you a letter within 10 working days of applying to explain why you\u2019re not eligible for ESA.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    Reapplying for ESA

    ", + "

    You cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.

    ", + "

    You may be able to reapply after your \u2018new style\u2019 ESA ends. You may qualify again depending on:

    ", + "
  • what National Insurance contributions you paid in the last 2 full tax years before the tax year you\u2019re claiming in
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re placed in the support group because you developed a new condition or your health deteriorated
    • ", + "

    Your ESA claim

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve made your claim, you\u2019ll be told if you need to have a \u2018Work Capability Assessment\u2019 and what group you\u2019ll be put in.

    ", + "

    Work Capability Assessment

    ", + "

    A Work Capability Assessment is used to find out if your illness or disability affects how much you can work.

    ", + "

    You might not need one, for example if you\u2019re in hospital or you have a terminal illness.

    ", + "

    If you need a Work Capability Assessment you\u2019ll get a letter telling you to fill in the \u2018Capability for work questionnaire\u2019 and send it to the Health Assessment Advisory Service. The address is on the form. The questionnaire is different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what happens next, for example if you need an appointment to understand your health condition better.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming both Universal Credit and \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you\u2019ll only have one Work Capability Assessment.

    ", + "

    You can ask for your assessment to be recorded. If you would like this, tell the Health Assessment Advisory Service using the contact details in your appointment invite letter.

    ", + "

    How the assessment happens

    ", + "

    Assessments can be in person, by video call or on the phone. You\u2019ll be told how your assessment will take place.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to attend in person you\u2019ll be told how to do this safely because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can bring one adult from your household with you.

    ", + "

    If your assessment is by phone or video call, you can have someone else with you, for example a friend or support worker. You can ask the assessor to call them if they\u2019re not with you when the assessment starts.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll stay on the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until a decision can be made on your Work Capability Assessment.

    ", + "

    After your claim is assessed

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re entitled to ESA you\u2019ll be placed in one of 2 groups:

    ", + "
  • a work-related activity group (you cannot work now, but can prepare to work in the future, for example by writing a CV)
    • ", + "
  • a support group (you cannot work now and you\u2019re not expected to prepare for work in the future)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the work-related activity group

    ", + "

    You must attend regular interviews with a work coach. They can help you improve your skills or write a CV to help you get back into work.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the support group

    ", + "

    You\u2019re usually in this group if your illness or disability severely limits what you can do. You do not have to go to interviews. You can tell your work coach if you\u2019d like to take part in work-related activities.

    ", + "

    How long you\u2019ll get ESA for

    ", + "

    You cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.

    ", + "

    \u2018New style\u2019 and contribution-based ESA last for 365 days if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no time limit if you\u2019re in the support group, or if you\u2019re getting income-related ESA.

    ", + "

    To keep getting ESA you must report any change in your circumstances. You may also need to send fit notes regularly.

    ", + "

    If you get a sanction

    ", + "

    Your ESA can be reduced if you do not attend interviews or do work-related activity as agreed with your work coach in your \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019. This reduction can continue for up to 4 weeks after you restart work-related activities.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter to say you may be sanctioned. Tell your work coach if you have a good reason for not doing what was agreed in your Claimant Commitment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get another letter if the decision is made to give you a sanction. Your benefit will only be affected once a decision has been made.

    ", + "

    You should contact your local council immediately if you claim Housing Benefit or Council Tax Reduction. They\u2019ll tell you what to do to continue getting support.

    ", + "

    If you get a sanction you can:

    ", + "
  • ask for the decision to be looked at again
    • ", + "
  • ask for a hardship payment
    • ", + "

    You will not get a sanction if you\u2019re in the support group.

    ", + "

    Hardship payments

    ", + "

    If you get income-related ESA, you may be able to get a hardship payment if your benefit has been reduced because of a sanction or a penalty due to suspected benefit fraud.

    ", + "

    A hardship payment is a reduced amount of your ESA. You do not have to pay it back.

    ", + "

    You can get a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or other basic needs for you or your family. You must be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    Speak to your Jobcentre Plus adviser or work coach to find out how to claim a hardship payment.

    ", + "

    Report a change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You need to report changes to your circumstances so you keep getting the right amount of Employment and Support Allowance (ESA).

    ", + "

    Your claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change straight away.

    ", + "

    A change of circumstance can include:

    ", + "
  • starting or stopping work, education, training or an apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • moving house
    • ", + "
  • changing your name
    • ", + "
  • people moving into or out of the place you live (for example your partner or a child)
    • ", + "
  • changes to the benefits you or anyone else in your house gets
    • ", + "
  • changes to your pension, savings, investments or property
    • ", + "
  • changes to other money you get (for example student loans or grants, sick pay or money you get from a charity)
    • ", + "
  • changing your doctor
    • ", + "
  • any changes to your medical condition or disability
    • ", + "
  • going into hospital or a care home or sheltered accommodation
    • ", + "
  • going abroad for any length of time
    • ", + "
  • changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    Call Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not sure whether you need to report a change.

    ", + "

    You may be prosecuted or have to pay a \u00a350 penalty if you give wrong or incomplete information.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    If you give wrong or incomplete information or do not report a change straight away, you might be paid too much. If you are, you might have to\u00a0pay some of the money back.

    ", + "

    How to report

    ", + "

    You can report a change of circumstances by:

    ", + "
  • calling Jobcentre Plus
    • ", + "
  • writing to the Jobcentre Plus office that pays your ESA - the address is on the letters you get about your ESA
    • ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit at the same time as \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you must also report the changes of circumstances in your Universal Credit account.

    ", + "

    British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service

    ", + "

    Watch a video to check you can use the service

    ", + "

    Go to the video relay service

    ", + "

    Monday to Friday, 8am to 6pm.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland contact the ESA Centre.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-sick-pay", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can get \u00a396.35 per week Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) if you\u2019re too ill to work. It\u2019s paid by your employer for up to 28 weeks.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You must be eligible for SSP.

    ", + "

    You cannot get less than the statutory amount. You can get more if your company has a sick pay scheme (or \u2018occupational scheme\u2019) - check your employment contract.

    ", + "

    There are different sick pay rules for agricultural workers.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate guide on Statutory Sick Pay if you\u2019re an employer.

    ", + "

    If you cannot work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You could get SSP if you\u2019re self-isolating because:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone with COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • someone in your support bubble (or your \u2018extended household\u2019 if you live in Scotland or Wales) has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "

    You could get SSP for every day you\u2019re off work.

    ", + "

    You cannot get SSP if you\u2019re self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason.

    ", + "

    If your illness is not related to COVID-19

    ", + "

    If your illness is not related to COVID-19, you can get SSP from the fourth day you are off work sick.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You can get \u00a396.35 a week Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) for up to 28 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    How many days you can get SSP for depends on why you\u2019re off work.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating because you or someone you live with has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19

    ", + "

    You must self-isolate for at least 4 days to be eligible for SSP.

    ", + "

    You can get SSP for every day you were self-isolating if you started on or after 13 March.

    ", + "

    If you started self-isolating before 13 March, you can get SSP from:

    ", + "
  • the fourth day you were sick - if you had COVID-19 symptoms
    • ", + "
  • 13 March - if you were self-isolating because someone you live with had symptoms
    • ", + "

    Check you\u2019re eligible for SSP.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating because of contact with someone with COVID-19

    ", + "

    You should self-isolate if you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19.

    ", + "

    You must self-isolate for at least 4 days to be eligible for SSP.

    ", + "

    You can get SSP for every day you were self-isolating from 28 May.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating because someone in your \u2018support bubble\u2019 or extended household has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19

    ", + "

    You should self-isolate if someone in your \u2018support bubble\u2019 (or your \u2018extended household\u2019 if you live in Scotland or Wales) has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19.

    ", + "

    You must self-isolate for at least 4 days to be eligible for SSP.

    ", + "

    You can get SSP for every day you were self-isolating from 6 July.

    ", + "

    You are not eligible for SSP for any days away from work before 6 July.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating before surgery

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or a healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery, you can get SSP.

    ", + "

    You must self-isolate for at least 4 days (including non-working days) to be eligible for SSP.

    ", + "

    You can get SSP for every day you are self-isolating.

    ", + "

    You are not eligible for SSP for any day you were self-isolating before 26 August.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re off sick for another reason

    ", + "

    You can get SSP from the fourth day you\u2019re off sick.

    ", + "

    The days you\u2019re off sick when you normally would have worked are called \u2018qualifying days\u2019. If you\u2019re eligible, you\u2019ll get SSP for all your qualifying days, except for the first 3. These are called \u2018waiting days\u2019.

    ", + "

    You only get paid for waiting days if you\u2019ve already received SSP within the last 8 weeks, and that included a 3-day waiting period.

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re eligible for SSP.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    SSP is paid by your employer in the same way as your normal wages, for example weekly or monthly.

    ", + "

    If you have more than one job you may get SSP from each employer.

    ", + "

    Tax and National Insurance will be deducted.

    ", + "

    If you think you are not getting the right amount of SSP, talk to your employer. If you\u2019re still not happy, contact the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) enquiry line.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To qualify for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) you must:

    ", + "
  • be classed as an employee and have done some work for your employer
    • ", + "
  • earn an average of at least \u00a3120 per week
    • ", + "
  • have been ill or self-isolating for at least 4 days in a row (including non-working days)
    • ", + "

    How many days you can get SSP for depends on why you\u2019re off work.

    ", + "

    Agency workers are entitled to Statutory Sick Pay.

    ", + "

    Telling your employer

    ", + "

    You must usually tell your employer you\u2019re unable to work before the deadline they set (or within 7 days if they have not set one).

    ", + "

    You could lose some of your SSP if you do not tell your employer in time.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You will not qualify if you:

    ", + "
  • have received the maximum amount of SSP (28 weeks)
    • ", + "
  • are getting Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • are self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason
    • ", + "

    You can still qualify if you started your job recently and you have not received 8 weeks\u2019 pay yet. Ask your employer to find out more.

    ", + "

    You can still qualify if you\u2019re on furlough.

    ", + "

    Linked periods of sickness

    ", + "

    If you have regular periods of sickness, they may count as \u2018linked\u2019. To be linked, the periods must:

    ", + "
  • last 4 or more days each
    • ", + "
  • be 8 weeks or less apart
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re no longer eligible for SSP if you have a continuous series of linked periods that lasts more than 3 years.

    ", + "

    Fit notes and asking for proof

    ", + "

    You only have to give your employer a fit note (sometimes called a sick note) if you\u2019re off sick for more than 7 days in a row (including non-working days).

    ", + "

    You can get a fit note from your doctor or hospital doctor. If your employer agrees, a similar document can be provided by a physiotherapist, podiatrist or occupational therapist instead. This is called an Allied Health Professional (AHP) Health and Work Report.

    ", + "

    Proof if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating and cannot work because of COVID-19, you can get an \u2018isolation note\u2019 online from NHS 111 if you\u2019re off work for 7 or more days. You do not have to go to your doctor or a hospital.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, your notification is proof.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery, your letter confirming the date of your procedure is proof.

    ", + "

    You cannot get SSP if you\u2019re self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason.

    ", + "

    Proof if you were \u2018shielding\u2019 because of COVID-19

    ", + "

    Shielding has stopped in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can no longer apply for a new shielding note or a replacement shielding note.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible or your SSP ends

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for Universal Credit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA). You can use form SSP1 to support your application.

    ", + "

    If your SSP is ending your employer must send you form SSP1 either:

    ", + "
  • within 7 days of your SSP ending, if it ends unexpectedly while you\u2019re still sick
    • ", + "
  • on or before the beginning of the 23rd week, if your SSP is expected to end before your sickness does
    • ", + "

    If you do not qualify for SSP your employer must send you form SSP1 within 7 days of you going off sick.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    To claim Statutory Sick Pay (SSP), tell your employer by the deadline. Check with your employer how you should tell them.

    ", + "

    If you cannot work for 7 or more days (including non-working days) you need:

    ", + "
  • an \u2018isolation note\u2019 if you\u2019re unable to work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)
    • ", + "
  • your notification from the NHS or public health authorities if you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate because you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018fit note\u2019 (or sick note) if you\u2019re off sick for another reason
    • ", + "
  • a letter confirming the date of your procedure if you\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with a decision

    ", + "

    Talk to your employer if you think:

    ", + "
  • their decision not to pay you SSP is wrong
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not getting the right amount of SSP
    • ", + "

    You can ask them for a reason.

    ", + "

    If this does not sort the problem, contact the HMRC Statutory Payment Disputes Team.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Maternity pay and leave", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maternity-pay-leave", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When you take time off to have a baby you might be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity Leave
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • paid time off for antenatal care
    • ", + "
  • extra help from the government
    • ", + "

    There are rules on when and how to claim your paid leave and if you want to change your dates.

    ", + "

    You can work out your maternity pay and leave online.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible to get Shared Parental Leave and Pay.

    ", + "

    Employment rights when on leave

    ", + "

    Your employment rights are protected while on Statutory Maternity Leave. This includes your right to:

    ", + "
  • pay rises
    • ", + "
  • build up (accrue) holiday
    • ", + "
  • return to work
    • ", + "

    Leave

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Leave is 52 weeks. It\u2019s made up of:

    ", + "
  • Ordinary Maternity Leave - first 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • Additional Maternity Leave - last 26 weeks
    • ", + "

    You do not have to take 52 weeks but you must take 2 weeks\u2019 leave after your baby is born (or 4 weeks if you work in a factory).

    ", + "

    Use the maternity planner to work out the dates for your ordinary and additional leave.

    ", + "

    You may be entitled to take some of your leave as Shared Parental Leave.

    ", + "

    Start date and early births

    ", + "

    Usually, the earliest you can start your leave is 11 weeks before the expected week of childbirth.

    ", + "

    Leave will also start:

    ", + "
  • the day after the birth if the baby is early
    • ", + "
  • automatically if you\u2019re off work for a pregnancy-related illness in the 4 weeks before the week (Sunday to Saturday) that your baby is due
    • ", + "

    Use the maternity planner to work out the earliest date your maternity leave can start.

    ", + "

    Change your date for returning to work

    ", + "

    You must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice if you want to change your return to work date.

    ", + "

    Pay

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) is paid for up to 39 weeks. You get:

    ", + "
  • 90% of your average weekly earnings (before tax) for the first 6 weeks
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3151.97or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks
    • ", + "

    SMP is paid in the same way as your wages (for example monthly or weekly). Tax and National Insurance will be deducted.

    ", + "

    Use the maternity pay calculator to work out how much you could get.

    ", + "

    If you take Shared Parental Leave you\u2019ll get Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). ShPP is \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.

    ", + "

    Start date

    ", + "

    SMP usually starts when you take your maternity leave.

    ", + "

    It starts automatically if you\u2019re off work for a pregnancy-related illness in the 4 weeks before the week (Sunday to Saturday) that your baby is due.

    ", + "

    Problems and disputes

    ", + "

    Ask your employer to explain your SMP if you think it\u2019s not right. If you disagree about the amount or your employer cannot pay (for example because they\u2019re insolvent), contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Leave

    ", + "

    You qualify for Statutory Maternity Leave if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re an employee not a \u2018worker\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you give your employer the correct notice
    • ", + "

    It does not matter how long you\u2019ve been with your employer, how many hours you work or how much you get paid.

    ", + "

    You cannot get Statutory Maternity Leave if you have a child through surrogacy - you could get Statutory Adoption Leave and Pay instead.

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)

    ", + "

    To qualify for SMP you must:

    ", + "
  • earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give proof you\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "
  • have worked for your employer continuously for at least 26 weeks continuing into the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 - the 15th week before the expected week of childbirth
    • ", + "

    If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    You cannot get SMP if you go into police custody during your maternity pay period. It will not restart when you\u2019re discharged.

    ", + "

    Early births or you lose your baby

    ", + "

    You can still get Statutory Maternity Leave and SMP if your baby:

    ", + "
  • is born early
    • ", + "
  • is stillborn after the start of your 24th week of pregnancy
    • ", + "
  • dies after being born
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for SMP

    ", + "

    Your employer must give you form SMP1 explaining why you cannot get SMP within 7 days of making their decision. You may be eligible for Maternity Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Leave

    ", + "

    At least 15 weeks before your due date, tell your employer when the baby is due and when you want to start your maternity leave. Your employer can ask for this in writing.

    ", + "

    Your employer must write to you within 28 days confirming your start and end dates.

    ", + "

    Use the maternity planner to work out when you must claim your maternity leave.

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)

    ", + "

    Tell your employer you want to stop work to have a baby and the day you want your SMP to start. You must give them at least 28 days\u2019 notice (in writing if they ask for it) and proof that you\u2019re pregnant.

    ", + "

    Your employer must confirm within 28 days how much SMP you\u2019ll get and when it will start and stop.

    ", + "

    If they decide you\u2019re not eligible, they must give you form SMP1 within 7 days of making their decision and explain why.

    ", + "

    Proof you\u2019re pregnant

    ", + "

    You need to give your employer proof of the pregnancy to get SMP. You do not need it for maternity leave.

    ", + "

    Within 21 days of your SMP start date (or as soon as possible if the baby\u2019s born early) give your employer either:

    ", + "
  • a letter from your doctor or midwife
    • ", + "
  • your MATB1 certificate - doctors and midwives will give you this no more than 20 weeks before the due date
    • ", + "

    You will not get SMP if you do not give your employer proof that the baby is due.

    ", + "

    Extra help

    ", + "

    Maternity benefits

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to see what help you can get from:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit - this can continue for 39 weeks after you go on maternity leave
    • ", + "
  • Income Support - you may get this while you\u2019re not working
    • ", + "

    You could get a \u00a3500 Sure Start Maternity Grant (usually if it\u2019s your first child).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay, you could get Maternity Allowance from the government.

    ", + "

    Company maternity schemes

    ", + "

    You might get more than the statutory amount of leave and pay if your employer has a company maternity scheme. They cannot offer you less than the statutory amount.

    ", + "

    Extra leave

    ", + "

    You could get 18 weeks\u2019 unpaid parental leave after the birth - this may be restricted to 4 weeks per year.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Maternity Allowance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maternity-allowance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Maternity Allowance is usually paid to you if you do not qualify for Statutory Maternity Pay.

    ", + "

    The amount you can get depends on your eligibility.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You can claim Maternity Allowance as soon as you\u2019ve been pregnant for 26 weeks. Payments can start 11 weeks before your baby is due.

    ", + "

    Any money you get can affect your other benefits.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The amount you can get depends on your eligibility.

    ", + "

    You could get either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is less) for 39 weeks
    • ", + "
  • \u00a327 a week for 39 weeks
    • ", + "
  • \u00a327 a week for 14 weeks
    • ", + "

    Maternity Allowance is paid every 2 or 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    You can claim Maternity Allowance once you\u2019ve been pregnant for 26 weeks. Payments can start 11 weeks before your baby is due.

    ", + "

    Use the maternity entitlement calculator to work out how much you could get.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are usually paid straight into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Impact on other benefits

    ", + "

    Maternity Allowance will not affect your tax credits but it will affect how much you get for:

    ", + "
  • Council Tax Reduction
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) - this will stop if you get Maternity Allowance
    • ", + "
  • bereavement benefits
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    The benefit cap

    ", + "

    The benefit cap limits the total amount of benefit you can get. It applies to most people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age.

    ", + "

    Some individual benefits are not affected, but it may affect the total amount of benefit you get.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can use the maternity entitlement calculator to check your eligibility.

    ", + "

    Maternity Allowance for 39 weeks

    ", + "

    You might get Maternity Allowance for 39 weeks if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re employed, but cannot get Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve recently stopped working
    • ", + "

    In the 66 weeks before your baby\u2019s due, you must also have been:

    ", + "
  • employed or self-employed for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • earning (or classed as earning) \u00a330 a week or more in at least 13 weeks - the weeks do not have to be together
    • ", + "

    You may still qualify if you\u2019ve recently stopped working. It does not matter if you had different jobs or periods of unemployment.

    ", + "

    If you usually earn \u00a330 or more a week and only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible. You must give details in your claim form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    To get the full amount of Maternity Allowance, you must have paid Class 2 National Insurance for at least 13 of the 66 weeks before your baby\u2019s due.

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will check if you\u2019ve paid enough when you make your claim. They\u2019ll write to you if you have not.

    ", + "

    If you have not paid enough Class 2 National Insurance to get the full rate (\u00a3151.97 a week), you\u2019ll get \u00a327 a week for 39 weeks. You still need to meet all the other eligibility criteria to get this amount.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get the full rate by making early National Insurance payments. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a letter to tell you how.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay using the reference number in the letter to get the full rate, even if you\u2019ve recently made a payment through Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    Maternity Allowance for 14 weeks

    ", + "

    You might get Maternity Allowance for 14 weeks if for at least 26 weeks in the 66 weeks before your baby is due:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not employed or self-employed
    • ", + "
  • you take part in the business of your self-employed spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • the work you do is for the business and unpaid
    • ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner is registered as self-employed with HMRC and should pay Class 2 National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner is working as self-employed person
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay or the higher amount of Maternity Allowance (for the same pregnancy)
    • ", + "

    If you lose the baby

    ", + "

    You may still qualify if the baby is either:

    ", + "
  • stillborn from the start of the 24th week of pregnancy
    • ", + "
  • born alive at any point during the pregnancy
    • ", + "

    Change of circumstances

    ", + "

    Report any changes to your circumstances to your local Jobcentre Plus as they can affect how much you get. For example, if you go back to work.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Maternity Allowance (MA1) claim form. You can either:

    ", + "
  • print it and fill it in
    • ", + "
  • fill it in online and print it
    • ", + "
  • order a form if you cannot print it
    • ", + "

    The form has notes to help you fill it in.

    ", + "

    Send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve arranged to pay your Self Assessment tax and National Insurance bill in instalments because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your application might be rejected. Contact HMRC before applying for Maternity Allowance.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call Jobcentre Plus to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    What to send with your claim form

    ", + "

    You can claim Maternity Allowance once you\u2019ve been pregnant for 26 weeks. Payments can start 11 weeks before your baby is due.

    ", + "

    You need to provide:

    ", + "
  • proof of your income, such as original payslips or a Certificate of Small Earnings Exemption (if applicable for the 2014 to 2015 tax year)
    • ", + "
  • proof of the baby\u2019s due date, such as a letter from the doctor or midwife or your MATB1 certificate
    • ", + "
  • your SMP1 form - only if you were refused Statutory Maternity Pay by your employer
    • ", + "

    If your proof of income includes times you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, mention this in the \u2018additional information\u2019 section of your form. Include the dates that you were on the scheme and how much (as a percentage) of your normal pay you were actually paid.

    ", + "

    You may need to give more information about your partner\u2019s self-employed business and what you do if you\u2019re applying for Maternity Allowance for 14 weeks.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll hear about your claim

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your claim within 20 working days.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, a form will be sent to you confirming your entitlement and asking you to confirm your last day of employment before leave.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Sure Start Maternity Grant", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/sure-start-maternity-grant", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You could get a one-off payment of \u00a3500 to help towards the costs of having a child. This is known as a Sure Start Maternity Grant.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland you cannot get a Sure Start Maternity Grant. You can apply for a Pregnancy and Baby Payment instead.

    ", + "

    You usually qualify for the grant if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expecting your first child, or you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins) and have children already
    • ", + "
  • you or your partner already get certain benefits
    • ", + "

    You must claim the grant within 11 weeks of the baby\u2019s due date or within 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay the grant back and it will not affect your other benefits or tax credits.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    A Sure Start Maternity Grant is \u00a3500 and you do not have to pay it back.

    ", + "

    You may not get a grant if you already have children.

    ", + "

    If you already have children under 16

    ", + "

    You can only get a grant if at least one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)
    • ", + "
  • the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK
    • ", + "Children under 16 | Grant if you have twins | Grant if you have triplets", + "You have 1 or more (and none of them are from multiple births) | \u00a3500 | \u00a31,000", + "You\u2019ve already had twins | \u00a30 | \u00a3500", + "You\u2019ve already had triplets | \u00a30 | \u00a30", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Usually, to qualify for a Sure Start Maternity Grant there must be no other children in your family. You or your partner must also get one of these benefits:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    You may also qualify if you\u2019re getting a Support for Mortgage Interest loan.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland you cannot get a Sure Start Maternity Grant. You can apply for a Pregnancy and Baby Payment instead.

    ", + "

    If you already have children under 16

    ", + "

    You may still be able to get a grant if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)
    • ", + "
  • the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s (but not your partner\u2019s) and the child was over 12 months old when the arrangement started
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK
    • ", + "

    You must claim by the deadline.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not giving birth

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get a grant if you\u2019re adopting or becoming a surrogate parent.

    ", + "

    The baby must be less than 1 year old on the date you claim. You must be receiving one of the benefits above and one of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve become responsible for the baby and you\u2019re not the mother
    • ", + "
  • the baby has been placed with you for adoption
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got permission to adopt a baby from abroad
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got a parental order for a surrogate birth
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been appointed as guardian
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve an adoption or a residence order
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim from 11 weeks before the week your baby is due. The latest you can claim is 6 months after your baby is born.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re becoming responsible for a child, you must claim within 6 months of this happening.

    ", + "

    Claim by post

    ", + "
  • Print out and fill in the Sure Start Maternity Grant (SF100) claim form.
    • ", + "
  • Get a health professional such as a doctor or midwife to fill in the statement on page 10 of the form. You can send your form without this statement if necessary to meet the deadline. If you do this, you\u2019ll be contacted about arranging the statement at a later date.
    • ", + "
  • Post the form to \u2018Freepost DWP SSMG\u2019 - you do not need a postcode or a stamp.
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different form and postal address if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you if your claim was successful.

    ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit, you will not get a decision on your claim until after your next payment.

    ", + "

    Get help with your claim

    ", + "

    Call the Sure Start Maternity Grant helpline.

    ", + "

    You can also contact Jobcentre Plus.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call the Sure Start Maternity Grant helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Paternity pay and leave", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paternity-pay-leave", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When you take time off because your partner\u2019s having a baby, adopting a child or having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement you might be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • 1 or 2 weeks\u2019 paid Paternity Leave
    • ", + "
  • Paternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Shared Parental Leave and Pay
    • ", + "

    You may not get both leave and pay, and there are rules on how to claim and when your leave can start.

    ", + "

    Employment rights when on leave

    ", + "

    Your employment rights are protected while on paternity leave. This includes your right to:

    ", + "
  • pay rises
    • ", + "
  • build up (accrue) holiday
    • ", + "
  • return to work
    • ", + "

    You can get time off to accompany your partner (or the surrogate mother) to 2 antenatal appointments.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re adopting a child, you can get time off to attend 2 adoption appointments after you\u2019ve been matched with a child.

    ", + "

    Leave

    ", + "

    Paternity leave

    ", + "

    You can choose to take either 1 or 2 weeks. You get the same amount of leave if your partner has a multiple birth (such as twins).

    ", + "

    You must take your leave in one go. A week is the same amount of days that you normally work in a week - for example, a week is 2 days if you only work on Mondays and Tuesdays.

    ", + "

    Start and end dates

    ", + "

    Leave cannot start before the birth. It must end within 56 days of the birth (or due date if the baby is early).

    ", + "

    You must give your employer 28 days\u2019 notice if you want to change your start date.

    ", + "

    You do not have to give a precise date when you want to take leave (for example 1 February). Instead you can give a general time, such as the day of the birth or 1 week after the birth.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you adopt.

    ", + "

    Shared Parental Leave

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL). You cannot take Paternity Leave after you take SPL.

    ", + "

    Leave for antenatal appointments

    ", + "

    You can take unpaid leave to accompany a pregnant woman to 2 antenatal appointments if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • the baby\u2019s father
    • ", + "
  • the expectant mother\u2019s spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • in a long-term relationship with the expectant mother
    • ", + "
  • the intended parent (if you\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)
    • ", + "

    You can take up to 6 and a half hours per appointment. Your employer can choose to give you longer.

    ", + "

    You can apply for leave immediately if you\u2019re a permanent employee. You\u2019ll need to have been doing a job for 12 weeks before you qualify if you\u2019re an agency worker.

    ", + "

    Pay

    ", + "

    The statutory weekly rate of Paternity Pay is \u00a3151.97, or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower).

    ", + "

    Any money you get is paid in the same way as your wages, for example monthly or weekly. Tax and National Insurance will be deducted.

    ", + "

    Start and end dates

    ", + "

    The money is usually paid while you\u2019re on leave. Your employer must confirm the start and end dates for your Paternity Pay when you claim it.

    ", + "

    To change the start date you must give your employer 28 days\u2019 notice.

    ", + "

    You could get more pay if your employer has a company paternity scheme - they cannot offer you less than the statutory amounts.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must be taking time off to look after the child and be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the father
    • ", + "
  • the husband or partner of the mother (or adopter) - this includes same-sex partners
    • ", + "
  • the child\u2019s adopter
    • ", + "
  • the intended parent (if you\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)
    • ", + "

    There are extra conditions you need to meet to qualify for leave and pay.

    ", + "

    You cannot get Paternity Pay and Leave if you\u2019ve taken paid time off to attend adoption appointments.

    ", + "

    Paternity Leave

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • be an employee
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019
    • ", + "

    The \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if you adopt.

    ", + "

    Paternity Pay

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • be employed by your employer up to the date of birth
    • ", + "
  • earn at least \u00a3120 a week (before tax)
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019
    • ", + "

    The \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if you adopt.

    ", + "

    If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    If you lose your baby

    ", + "

    You can still get Paternity Leave or Pay if your baby is:

    ", + "
  • stillborn from 24 weeks of pregnancy
    • ", + "
  • born alive at any point during the pregnancy
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible

    ", + "

    Your employer must tell you within 28 days if you do not qualify and why using form SPP1.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Claim Paternity Leave and Pay through your employer. You do not need to give proof of the pregnancy or birth.

    ", + "

    The rules and forms are different if you adopt.

    ", + "

    Paternity Leave

    ", + "

    At least 15 weeks before the baby is due, tell your employer:

    ", + "
  • the due date
    • ", + "
  • when you want your leave to start, for example the day of the birth or the week after the birth
    • ", + "
  • if you want 1 or 2 weeks\u2019 leave
    • ", + "

    Your employer can ask for this in writing. You can ask for Paternity Pay at the same time, if you use form SC3 (or your employer\u2019s own version).

    ", + "

    Use the paternity planner to find out when you need to claim Paternity Leave by.

    ", + "

    Paternity Pay

    ", + "

    At least 15 weeks before the baby is due, give your employer form SC3 (or their own version).

    ", + "

    Adoption and surrogacy

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the \u2018matching week\u2019. For adoption this is either:

    ", + "
  • the end of the week you\u2019re matched with the child (UK adoptions)
    • ", + "
  • the date the child enters the UK or when you want your pay to start (overseas adoptions)
    • ", + "

    You must also meet the other eligibility conditions for paternity leave or pay.

    ", + "

    Start and end dates - Paternity Leave

    ", + "

    Your period of Paternity Leave can start:

    ", + "
  • on the date of placement
    • ", + "
  • an agreed number of days after the date of placement
    • ", + "
  • on the date the child arrives in the UK or an agreed number of days after this (overseas adoptions only)
    • ", + "
  • the day the child\u2019s born or the day after if you\u2019re working that day (surrogate parents)
    • ", + "

    Leave must be taken within 56 days of the date of placement or the child\u2019s arrival in the UK (overseas adoptions).

    ", + "

    You must give your employer 28 days\u2019 notice if you want to change your start date.

    ", + "

    How to claim - Paternity Leave or Pay

    ", + "

    You must use form SC4 (or your employer\u2019s own version) for:

    ", + "
  • leave - within 7 days of your co-adopter or partner being matched with a child
    • ", + "
  • pay - 28 days before you want your pay to start
    • ", + "

    For overseas adoptions the form and notice period is different. The process is explained on form SC5.

    ", + "

    Proof of adoption

    ", + "

    You must give your employer proof of adoption to qualify for Paternity Pay. Proof is not needed for Paternity Leave unless your employer asks for it.

    ", + "

    Proof can be a letter from your adoption agency or the matching certificate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide this information within 28 days.

    ", + "

    Surrogacy arrangements

    ", + "

    To be eligible for Paternity Pay and Leave if you use a surrogate to have a baby, you must:

    ", + "
  • be in a couple
    • ", + "
  • be responsible for the child (with your partner)
    • ", + "
  • have worked for your employer continuously for at least 26 weeks by the end of the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 (the 15th week before the baby is due)
    • ", + "

    At least 15 weeks before the due date, tell your employer when the baby is due and when you want to start your leave - they may ask for this in writing.

    ", + "

    Your employer may ask for a written statement to confirm you intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the child\u2019s birth. You must sign this in the presence of a legal professional.

    ", + "

    You cannot get Paternity Leave if you take Shared Parental Leave.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Shared Parental Leave and Pay", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay", + "contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You and your partner may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • having a baby
    • ", + "
  • using a surrogate to have a baby
    • ", + "
  • adopting a child
    • ", + "

    You can share up to 50 weeks of leave and up to 37 weeks of pay between you.

    ", + "

    You need to share the pay and leave in the first year after your child is born or placed with your family.

    ", + "

    You can use SPL to take leave in blocks separated by periods of work, or take it all in one go. You can also choose to be off work together or to stagger the leave and pay.

    ", + "

    To get SPL and ShPP, you and your partner need to:

    ", + "
  • meet the eligibility criteria - there\u2019s different criteria for birth parents and criteria for adoptive parents or parents using a surrogate
    • ", + "
  • give notice to your employers
    • ", + "

    Eligibility for birth parents

    ", + "

    To be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP), both parents must:

    ", + "
  • share responsibility for the child at birth
    • ", + "
  • meet work and pay criteria - these are different depending on which parent wants to use the shared parental leave and pay
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible if you started sharing responsibility for the child after it was born.

    ", + "

    The eligibility criteria are different if you\u2019re adoptive parents or parents using a surrogate.

    ", + "

    You can check if you can get SPL and ShPP. You\u2019ll need to know:

    ", + "
  • your child\u2019s due date or birth date
    • ", + "
  • your and your partner\u2019s employment status and earnings
    • ", + "
  • if you and your partner can get Statutory Maternity Pay or Statutory Paternity Pay
    • ", + "

    If both parents want to share the SPL and ShPP

    ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL and ShPP, you and your partner must:

    ", + "
  • have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date
    • ", + "
  • stay with the same employer until you start your SPL
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL, you must be \u2018employees\u2019 (not \u2018workers\u2019) - check your employment status. If either of you is a \u2018worker\u2019, you might be able to share ShPP but not SPL.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for ShPP, you must each earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week each, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), you may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    If the mother\u2019s partner wants to take the SPL and ShPP

    ", + "

    For the mother\u2019s partner to take SPL and ShPP, both the mother and the mother\u2019s partner must meet some eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    The mother must:

    ", + "
  • have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the baby\u2019s due (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)
    • ", + "
  • have earned at least \u00a3390 in total across any 13 of the 66 weeks
    • ", + "

    The mother\u2019s partner must:

    ", + "
  • have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date
    • ", + "
  • stay with the same employer until they start their SPL
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL, the partner must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If the partner is a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for ShPP, the partner must earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If either person earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    If the mother wants to take the SPL and ShPP

    ", + "

    For the mother to take SPL and ShPP, both the mother\u2019s partner and the mother must meet some eligibility criteria.

    ", + "

    The mother\u2019s partner must:

    ", + "
  • have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the baby\u2019s due (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)
    • ", + "
  • have earned at least \u00a3390 in total in 13 of the 66 weeks (add up the highest paying weeks, they do not need to be in a row)
    • ", + "

    The mother must:

    ", + "
  • have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date
    • ", + "
  • stay with the same employer until they start their SPL
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL, the mother must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If the mother is a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for ShPP, the mother must earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If either person earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    Eligibility for adopters or parents using a surrogate

    ", + "

    To be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP), both adoptive parents or both parents using a surrogate must:

    ", + "
  • share responsibility for the child on the child\u2019s due date or birth date if you\u2019re using a surrogate, or the date they\u2019re placed with you if you\u2019re adopting
    • ", + "
  • meet the work and earnings criteria - these are different depending on which one of you wants to use the shared parental leave and pay
    • ", + "

    The eligibility criteria are different if you\u2019re birth parents.

    ", + "

    You can check if you can get SPL and ShPP. You\u2019ll need to know:

    ", + "
  • your child\u2019s due date or birth date if you\u2019re using a surrogate, or the match date if you\u2019re adopting
    • ", + "
  • your and your partner\u2019s employment status and earnings
    • ", + "
  • if you and your partner can get Statutory Adoption Pay or Statutory Paternity Pay
    • ", + "

    If both parents want to share the SPL and ShPP

    ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL and ShPP, you and your partner must:

    ", + "
  • have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the week your child was placed with your family
    • ", + "
  • stay with the same employer until you start your SPL
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL, you must be \u2018employees\u2019 (not \u2018workers\u2019) - check your employment status. If either of you is a \u2018worker\u2019, you might be able to share ShPP but not SPL.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for ShPP, you must each earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week each, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), you may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    If only one of the parents wants to take the SPL and ShPP

    ", + "

    Both parents must meet some eligibility criteria.

    ", + "

    The parent who wants to take the leave and pay must:

    ", + "
  • have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the week your child was placed with your family
    • ", + "
  • stay with the same employer until they start their SPL
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL, they must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If they are a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for ShPP, they must earn on average at least \u00a3120 each a week.

    ", + "

    The other parent must:

    ", + "
  • have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the child was placed with you (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)
    • ", + "
  • have earned at least \u00a3390 in total in 13 of the 66 weeks (add up the highest paying weeks, they do not need to be in a row)
    • ", + "

    If either parent earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible and you or your partner end maternity or adoption leave and pay (or Maternity Allowance) early, then you can:

    ", + "
  • take the rest of the 52 weeks of maternity or adoption leave as Shared Parental Leave (SPL)
    • ", + "
  • take the rest of the 39 weeks of maternity or adoption pay (or Maternity Allowance) as Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP)
    • ", + "

    You can check when you and your partner can take your leave and how much statutory pay you\u2019ll get using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.

    ", + "

    How much pay you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    ShPP is paid at the rate of \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.

    ", + "

    This is the same as Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) except that during the first 6 weeks SMP is paid at 90% of whatever you earn (with no maximum).

    ", + "

    When you can start

    ", + "

    You can only start Shared Parental Leave (SPL) or Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) once the child has been born or placed for adoption.

    ", + "

    You can check when you and your partner can start your leave using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.

    ", + "

    For SPL to start

    ", + "

    The mother (or the person getting adoption leave) must either:

    ", + "
  • return to work, which ends any maternity or adoption leave
    • ", + "
  • give their employer \u2018binding notice\u2019 of the date when they plan to end their leave (you cannot normally change the date you give in binding notice)
    • ", + "

    You can start SPL while your partner is still on maternity or adoption leave as long as they\u2019ve given binding notice to end it.

    ", + "

    You can give binding notice and say when you plan to take your SPL at the same time.

    ", + "

    A mother cannot return to work before the end of the compulsory 2 weeks of maternity leave following the birth (4 weeks if they work in a factory). If you\u2019re adopting, the person claiming adoption pay must take at least 2 weeks of adoption leave.

    ", + "

    If the mother or adopter does not get maternity or adoption leave

    ", + "

    The mother or adopter must end any maternity pay, adoption pay or Maternity Allowance so that they or their partner can get SPL.

    ", + "

    For ShPP to start

    ", + "

    The mother (or the person getting adoption pay) must give their employer binding notice of the date when they plan to end any maternity or adoption pay.

    ", + "

    If they get Maternity Allowance, they must give notice to Jobcentre Plus instead.

    ", + "

    They cannot restart maternity pay, Maternity Allowance or adoption pay once it\u2019s ended.

    ", + "

    You can start ShPP while your partner is still on maternity pay, adoption pay or Maternity Allowance as long as they\u2019ve given binding notice to end it.

    ", + "

    You can give binding notice and say when you plan to take your ShPP at the same time.

    ", + "

    Change the decision to end maternity or adoption leave

    ", + "

    The mother or adopter may be able to change their decision to end maternity or adoption leave early. They must let their employer know.

    ", + "

    They can only change the decision if both:

    ", + "
  • the planned end date has not passed
    • ", + "
  • they have not already returned to work
    • ", + "

    One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you find out during the 8-week notice period that neither of you is eligible for SPL or ShPP
    • ", + "
  • the mother or adopter\u2019s partner has died
    • ", + "
  • the mother tells their employer less than 6 weeks after the birth (and they gave their employer notice before the birth)
    • ", + "

    Booking blocks of leave

    ", + "

    You can book up to 3 separate blocks of Shared Parental Leave (SPL) instead of taking it all in one go, even if you are not sharing the leave with your partner.

    ", + "

    If your partner is also eligible for SPL, you can take up to 3 blocks of leave each. You can take leave at different times or both at the same time.

    ", + "

    You must tell your employer about your plans for leave when you apply for SPL. You can change these plans later but you must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice before you want to begin a block of leave.

    ", + "

    You can check when you and your partner can take your leave using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.

    ", + "

    Splitting blocks of leave

    ", + "

    If your employer agrees, you can split blocks into shorter periods of at least a week.

    ", + "

    Shared Parental Leave in touch (SPLIT) days

    ", + "

    You and your partner can each work up to 20 days while you\u2019re taking SPL. These are called \u2018Shared Parental Leave in touch\u2019 (or SPLIT) days.

    ", + "

    These days are in addition to the 10 \u2018keeping in touch\u2019 (or KIT) days available to those on maternity or adoption leave.

    ", + "

    KIT and SPLIT days are optional - both you and your employer must agree to them.

    ", + "

    Applying for leave and pay

    ", + "

    To get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) or Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) you must:

    ", + "
  • follow the rules for starting SPL and ShPP
    • ", + "
  • give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 written notice of your leave dates
    • ", + "

    If the mother (or person taking adoption leave) plans to take SPL or ShPP, they must apply to their employer.

    ", + "

    If the partner plans to take SPL or ShPP, both the partner and the mother (or person taking adoption leave) must apply to their employers.

    ", + "

    You can use Shared Parental Leave forms and templates created by Acas to:

    ", + "
  • give your employer notice that you plan to take SPL and ShPP
    • ", + "
  • give your employer notice of when the mother or adopter is going to end their maternity or adoption leave, and when they\u2019ll stop getting maternity or adoption pay
    • ", + "
  • book your leave dates
    • ", + "

    If your employer has their own forms you can use those instead.

    ", + "

    You can change your mind later about how much SPL or ShPP you plan to take and when you want to take it. You must give notice of any changes at least 8 weeks before the start of any leave.

    ", + "

    You might not get SPL or ShPP if you do not include all the required information.

    ", + "

    Giving more information

    ", + "

    Your employer can ask you for more information within 14 days of you applying for SPL or ShPP. They can ask for:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • a declaration of the place and date of birth (if the birth has not been registered yet)
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of your partner\u2019s employer or a declaration that your partner has no employer
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re adopting, your employer can ask for the:

    ", + "
  • name and address of the adoption agency
    • ", + "
  • date you were matched with the child
    • ", + "
  • date the child will start to live with you
    • ", + "
  • name and address of your partner\u2019s employer or a declaration that your partner has no employer
    • ", + "

    You must give this information within 14 days of being asked for it.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Adoption pay and leave", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-pay-leave", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When you take time off to adopt a child or have a child through a surrogacy arrangement you might be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Leave
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Pay
    • ", + "

    There are rules on when and how to claim your paid leave and if you want to change your dates.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible to take Shared Parental Leave and Pay.

    ", + "

    Your employment rights when on leave

    ", + "

    Your employment rights are protected while on Statutory Adoption Leave. This includes your right to:

    ", + "
  • pay rises
    • ", + "
  • build up (accrue) holiday
    • ", + "
  • return to work
    • ", + "

    Leave

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Leave is 52 weeks. It\u2019s made up of:

    ", + "
  • 26 weeks of Ordinary Adoption Leave
    • ", + "
  • 26 weeks of Additional Adoption Leave
    • ", + "

    Only 1 person in a couple can take adoption leave. The other partner could get paternity leave instead.

    ", + "

    If you get adoption leave, you can also get paid time off work to attend 5 adoption appointments after you\u2019ve been matched with a child.

    ", + "

    Use the planner to work out the dates for your adoption leave.

    ", + "

    Start date

    ", + "

    Adoption leave can start:

    ", + "
  • up to 14 days before the date the child starts living with you (UK adoptions)
    • ", + "
  • when the child arrives in the UK or within 28 days of this date (overseas adoptions)
    • ", + "
  • the day the child\u2019s born or the day after (if you\u2019ve used a surrogate to have a child)
    • ", + "

    Change your dates

    ", + "

    You must tell your employer within 28 days if the date of placement (or UK arrival date for overseas adoptions) changes.

    ", + "

    You must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice if you want to change your return to work date.

    ", + "

    Pay

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay is paid for up to 39 weeks. The weekly amount is:

    ", + "
  • 90% of your average weekly earnings for the first 6 weeks
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3151.97 or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s paid in the same way as your wages (for example monthly or weekly). Tax and National Insurance will be deducted.

    ", + "

    Extra pay

    ", + "

    You may get more pay if your employer has a company adoption pay scheme. Your employer cannot offer you less than the statutory amount.

    ", + "

    Start date

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay starts when you take your adoption leave.

    ", + "

    Problems and disputes

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the amount of Statutory Adoption Pay you get or your employer cannot pay it, for example because they\u2019re insolvent, contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    There are different eligibility rules for leave and pay.

    ", + "

    Adoption leave

    ", + "

    To get Statutory Adoption Leave, you must:

    ", + "
  • be an employee
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give proof of the adoption or surrogacy, if your employer asks you for it
    • ", + "

    Leave if you\u2019re adopting a child from overseas

    ", + "

    You must also sign form SC6 if you\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms you\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.

    ", + "

    Adoption pay

    ", + "

    To get Statutory Adoption Pay, you must:

    ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the week you were matched with a child
    • ", + "
  • earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week (before tax)
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give proof of the adoption or surrogacy
    • ", + "

    If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    Pay if you\u2019re adopting a child from overseas

    ", + "

    The requirements are the same if you\u2019re adopting from overseas, except you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks when you start getting adoption pay.

    ", + "

    You must also sign form SC6 if you\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms you\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.

    ", + "

    Pay if you\u2019re in a surrogacy arrangement

    ", + "

    The requirements are the same if you\u2019re in a surrogacy arrangement, except you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the 15th week before the baby\u2019s due.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • intend to apply for a parental order
    • ", + "
  • expect the order to be granted (for example because you do not have any convictions involving children, and the birth mother or father agree to the arrangement)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re genetically related to the child (the egg or sperm donor), you can choose to get paternity leave and pay instead. You cannot get both.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re fostering for adoption

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for adoption pay and leave, you\u2019ll receive them from when the child comes to live with you.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You do not qualify for Statutory Adoption Leave or Pay if you:

    ", + "
  • arrange a private adoption
    • ", + "
  • become a special guardian or kinship carer
    • ", + "
  • adopt a stepchild
    • ", + "
  • adopt a family member
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible

    ", + "

    Your employer must give you form SAP1 explaining why you cannot get Statutory Adoption Pay.

    ", + "

    You may get support from your local council instead, if you\u2019re adopting a child.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    The rules are slightly different if you\u2019re adopting from overseas or you\u2019re having a child through a surrogacy arrangement.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Leave

    ", + "

    Within 7 days of being matched with a child you must tell your employer:

    ", + "
  • how much leave you want
    • ", + "
  • your leave start date
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018date of placement\u2019 - the date the child is placed with you
    • ", + "

    Your employer can ask for this in writing and for proof of the adoption.

    ", + "

    Your employer must confirm your leave start and end dates within 28 days.

    ", + "

    Use the planner to work out when you must claim your adoption leave.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay

    ", + "

    Tell your employer you want to stop work to adopt a child and when you want your Statutory Adoption Pay to start. You must give them at least 28 days\u2019 notice. They can ask for this in writing and for proof of the adoption.

    ", + "

    Your employer must confirm within 28 days how much Statutory Adoption Pay you\u2019ll get and when it will start and stop.

    ", + "

    If they decide you\u2019re not eligible, they must give you form SAP1 within 7 days of making their decision and explain why.

    ", + "

    Proof of adoption

    ", + "

    You must give your employer proof of adoption to qualify for Statutory Adoption Pay. Proof is not needed for Statutory Adoption Leave unless they request it.

    ", + "

    The proof must show:

    ", + "
  • your name and address and that of the agency
    • ", + "
  • the match date - for example the matching certificate
    • ", + "
  • the date of placement - for example a letter from the agency
    • ", + "
  • the relevant UK authority\u2019s \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming you\u2019re allowed to adopt (overseas adoptions only)
    • ", + "
  • the date the child arrived in the UK - for example a plane ticket (overseas adoptions only)
    • ", + "

    Overseas adoptions

    ", + "

    Tell your employer the date of your \u2018official notification\u2019 and when you expect the child to arrive in the UK. You must usually do this within 28 days of getting the notification.

    ", + "

    You can only take longer if you\u2019ve worked for your employer for less than 26 weeks. Tell them within 28 days of the Sunday in your 26th week.

    ", + "

    You must also tell them:

    ", + "
  • the actual date the child arrives in the UK - within 28 days of this date
    • ", + "
  • how much leave you want and your start date - giving your employer 28 days\u2019 notice
    • ", + "

    Surrogacy arrangements

    ", + "

    If you use a surrogate to have a baby, tell your employer the due date and when you want to start your leave at least 15 weeks before the expected week of birth. They may ask for this in writing.

    ", + "

    Your employer may also ask for a written statement (\u2018statutory declaration\u2019) to confirm you\u2019ve applied or will apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the child\u2019s birth. You must sign this in the presence of a legal professional.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Unpaid parental leave", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parental-leave", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Eligible employees can take unpaid parental leave to look after their child\u2019s welfare, for example to:

    ", + "
  • spend more time with their children
    • ", + "
  • look at new schools
    • ", + "
  • settle children into new childcare arrangements
    • ", + "
  • spend more time with family, such as visiting grandparents
    • ", + "

    Their employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during parental leave.

    ", + "

    Entitlement

    ", + "

    Parental leave is unpaid. You\u2019re entitled to 18 weeks\u2019 leave for each child and adopted child, up to their 18th birthday.

    ", + "

    The limit on how much parental leave each parent can take in a year is 4 weeks for each child (unless the employer agrees otherwise).

    ", + "

    You must take parental leave as whole weeks (eg 1 week or 2 weeks) rather than individual days, unless your employer agrees otherwise or if your child is disabled. You don\u2019t have to take all the leave at once.

    ", + "

    A \u2018week\u2019 equals the length of time an employee normally works over 7 days.

    ", + "

    Carrying leave over from a previous job

    ", + "

    Parental leave applies to each child not to an individual\u2019s job.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Employees qualify if all of these apply:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve been in the company for more than a year
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re named on the child\u2019s birth or adoption certificate or they have or expect to have parental responsibility
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re not self-employed or a \u2018worker\u2019, eg an agency worker or contractor
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re not a foster parent (unless they\u2019ve secured parental responsibility through the courts)
    • ", + "
  • the child is under 18
    • ", + "

    Employers can ask for proof (like a birth certificate) as long as it\u2019s reasonable to do so, eg they can\u2019t ask for proof each time an employee requests leave.

    ", + "

    Employers can extend parental leave to those groups who aren\u2019t eligible. Employees can check this in their staff handbook.

    ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    Employees must give 21 days\u2019 notice before their intended start date. If they or their partner are having a baby or adopting, it\u2019s 21 days before the week the baby or child is expected.

    ", + "

    Employees must confirm the start and end dates in their notice. Unless an employer requests it, this doesn\u2019t have to be in writing.

    ", + "

    Delaying leave

    ", + "

    Leave can\u2019t be postponed (delayed) if:

    ", + "
  • the employer doesn\u2019t have a \u2018significant reason\u2019, eg it would cause serious disruption to the business
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s being taken by the father or partner immediately after the birth or adoption of a child
    • ", + "
  • it means an employee would no longer qualify for parental leave, eg postponing it until after the child\u2019s 18th birthday
    • ", + "

    If it\u2019s postponed, the employer:

    ", + "
  • must write explaining why within 7 days of the original request
    • ", + "
  • suggest a new start date - this must be within 6 months of the requested start date
    • ", + "
  • can\u2019t change the amount of leave being requested
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claim Child Benefit", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit", + "contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You get Child Benefit if you\u2019re responsible for bringing up a child who is:

    ", + "
  • under 16
    • ", + "
  • under 20 if they stay in approved education or training
    • ", + "

    Only one person can get Child Benefit for a child.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s paid every 4 weeks and there\u2019s no limit to how many children you can claim for.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    By claiming Child Benefit:

    ", + "
  • you can get National Insurance credits which count towards your State Pension
    • ", + "
  • your child will automatically get a National Insurance number when they\u2019re 16 years old
    • ", + "

    If you choose not to get Child Benefit payments, you should still fill in and send off the claim form.

    ", + "

    If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000

    ", + "

    You may have to pay back some of your Child Benefit in tax if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change

    ", + "

    You must report any change of circumstances to the Child Benefit Office.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    There are 2 Child Benefit rates.

    ", + "Who the allowance is for | Rate (weekly)", + "Eldest or only child | \u00a321.15", + "Additional children | \u00a314 per child", + "

    You must contact the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re paid too much or too little.

    ", + "

    The benefit cap may affect the total amount of benefits you get, including Child Benefit.

    ", + "

    How and when Child Benefit is paid

    ", + "

    Child Benefit is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Monday or Tuesday.

    ", + "

    You can have the money paid weekly if you\u2019re a single parent or getting certain other benefits, such as Income Support.

    ", + "

    You can get the money paid into any account, apart from a Nationwide cashbuilder account (sort code 070030) in someone else\u2019s name.

    ", + "

    You can only get the money paid into one account.

    ", + "

    Child Benefit and your State Pension

    ", + "

    If your child is under 12 and you\u2019re not working or do not earn enough to pay National Insurance contributions, Child Benefit can give you National Insurance credits.

    ", + "

    These credits count towards your State Pension, so you do not have gaps in your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    If families split up

    ", + "

    If a family splits up, you get \u00a321.15 a week for the eldest child.

    ", + "

    If you have 2 children and one stays with you and the other stays with your ex-partner, you\u2019ll both get \u00a321.15 a week for each child.

    ", + "

    If you both claim for the same child, only one of you will get Child Benefit for them.

    ", + "

    If you have other children who are entitled to Child Benefit, you\u2019ll get \u00a314 for each child.

    ", + "

    If families join together

    ", + "

    If 2 families join together, the eldest child in the new family qualifies for the \u00a321.15 rate and any other children who are eligible will get the \u00a314 rate.

    ", + "

    If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000

    ", + "

    You can get Child Benefit if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000, but you may be taxed on the benefit. This is known as the High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge.

    ", + "

    If your partner\u2019s income is also over \u00a350,000 but yours is higher, you\u2019re responsible for paying the tax charge. You need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return each tax year and pay what you owe.

    ", + "

    Use the Child Benefit tax calculator to estimate how much tax you may have to pay.

    ", + "

    Once you earn \u00a360,000 you lose all of your benefit through tax.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Only one person can get Child Benefit for a child.

    ", + "

    You normally qualify for Child Benefit if you\u2019re responsible for a child under 16 (or under 20 if they stay in approved education or training) and you live in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be responsible for a child if you live with them or you\u2019re paying at least the same amount as Child Benefit (or the equivalent in kind) towards looking after them, for example on food, clothes or pocket money.

    ", + "

    Eligibility rules are different if your child:

    ", + "
  • goes into hospital or care
    • ", + "
  • lives with someone else
    • ", + "

    Child Benefit continues for 20 weeks if 16 or 17 year olds leave education or training and register with the armed services or a government-sponsored careers service.

    ", + "

    Fostering a child

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get Child Benefit if you foster a child, as long as the local council is not paying anything towards their accommodation or maintenance.

    ", + "

    Adopting a child

    ", + "

    You can apply for Child Benefit as soon as any child you\u2019re adopting comes to live with you - you do not have to wait until the adoption process is complete.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get Child Benefit for a period before the adoption - contact the Child Benefit Office to find out.

    ", + "

    Looking after someone else\u2019s child

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Child Benefit if you\u2019ve got an informal arrangement to look after a friend or relative\u2019s child.

    ", + "

    You might not qualify if your local council is paying towards the child\u2019s accommodation or maintenance - contact the Child Benefit Office to find out.

    ", + "

    Two people cannot get Child Benefit for the same child - if you want to make a claim, you must agree it with the person who\u2019s currently claiming. HMRC will decide who receives the Child Benefit if you cannot agree.

    ", + "

    You may also be entitled to Guardian\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re responsible for a child who has lost one or both of their parents.

    ", + "

    Living abroad

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Child Benefit if you go to live in certain countries or if you\u2019re a Crown servant.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve moved to the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Child Benefit if you have moved to the UK and you have a \u2018right to reside\u2019.

    ", + "

    If your child starts work or gets benefits in their own right

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll stop receiving Child Benefit immediately if your child:

    ", + "
  • starts paid work for 24 hours or more a week and is no longer in approved education or training
    • ", + "
  • starts an apprenticeship in England
    • ", + "
  • starts getting certain benefits in their own right, such as Income Support, Employment and Support Allowance or tax credits
    • ", + "

    If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be eligible for Child Benefit even if you choose to stop receiving it. You can always change your mind and restart your payments.

    ", + "

    Contact the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re not sure about your eligibility.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim Child Benefit as soon as you\u2019ve registered the birth of your child, or they come to live with you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not able to register the birth of your child because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you can still make a claim to receive Child Benefit.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    It can take 6 to 12 weeks to process a new Child Benefit claim (or longer if you\u2019re new to the UK). Child Benefit can be backdated for up to 3 months.

    ", + "

    Deciding who should claim

    ", + "

    Only one person can get Child Benefit for a child, so you need to decide whether it\u2019s better for you or the other parent to claim. The person who claims will get National Insurance credits towards their state pension if they are not working or earn less than \u00a3184 per week.

    ", + "

    Make a claim for the first time

    ", + "

    Fill in Child Benefit claim form CH2 and send it to the Child Benefit Office. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    If your child is adopted, send their original adoption certificate with the form. You can order a new adoption certificate if you\u2019ve lost the original.

    ", + "

    If you do not have the certificate you need, send your claim form now and send the certificate once you\u2019ve got it.

    ", + "

    If your child\u2019s birth was registered outside the UK

    ", + "

    When you send your claim form, include your child\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • original birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • passport or travel document used to enter the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lost the original you can order a new birth certificate.

    ", + "

    Add a child to an existing claim

    ", + "

    Call the child benefit helpline if:

    ", + "
  • your child is under 6 months old and lives with you
    • ", + "
  • your child was born in the UK and their birth was registered in England, Scotland or Wales more than 24 hours ago
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK, EEA or Swiss national and you\u2019ve lived in the UK since the start of your claim
    • ", + "

    When you call, you\u2019ll need your:

    ", + "
  • National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • child\u2019s birth certificate
    • ", + "

    If you do not meet the criteria to add a child by phone

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make a new claim by post. Fill in Child Benefit form CH2 and send it to the Child Benefit Office. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming for more than 2 children, also include the \u2018additional children\u2019 form.

    ", + "

    Claiming Child Benefit for someone else

    ", + "

    You may be able to manage someone else\u2019s Child Benefit claim.

    ", + "

    Make a change to your claim

    ", + "

    You must report any change of circumstances to the Child Benefit Office. These include changes to your:

    ", + "
  • family life, for example getting married
    • ", + "
  • child\u2019s life, for example leaving education or training
    • ", + "

    Change who gets Child Benefit

    ", + "

    Contact the Child Benefit Office if you want someone else to claim Child Benefit, for example, your spouse or partner.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve done this, tell the other person to make a new claim.

    ", + "

    Stop or restart payments

    ", + "

    You can choose to stop or restart your payments at any time, for example because you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000 a year. It does not affect your eligibility.

    ", + "

    Get help with your claim

    ", + "

    Contact the Child Benefit Office if you have any questions.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re unhappy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit-tax-charge", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a tax charge, known as the \u2018High Income Child Benefit Charge\u2019, if you have an individual income over \u00a350,000 and either:

    ", + "
  • you or your partner get Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • someone else gets Child Benefit for a child living with you and they contribute at least an equal amount towards the child\u2019s upkeep
    • ", + "

    It does not matter if the child living with you is not your own child.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    What counts as income

    ", + "

    To work out if your income is over the threshold, you\u2019ll need to work out your \u2018adjusted net income\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your adjusted net income is your total taxable income before any personal allowances and less things like Gift Aid.

    ", + "

    Use the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your adjusted net income.

    ", + "

    Who pays the tax charge

    ", + "

    If your individual income is over \u00a350,000 and so is your partner\u2019s, then whoever has the higher income is responsible for paying the tax charge.

    ", + "

    \u2018Partner\u2019 means someone you\u2019re not permanently separated from who you\u2019re married to, in a civil partnership with or living with as if you were.

    ", + "

    If your income is over the threshold

    ", + "

    You can choose to either:

    ", + "
  • get Child Benefit payments, and pay any tax charge at the end of each tax year
    • ", + "
  • not get Child Benefit payments, and not pay the tax charge
    • ", + "

    If you choose to not get Child Benefit

    ", + "

    You can still fill in the Child Benefit claim form. You need to state on the form that you do not want to get payments.

    ", + "

    You need to fill in the claim form if you want to:

    ", + "
  • get National Insurance credits, which count towards your State Pension
    • ", + "
  • ensure your child gets their National Insurance number automatically before they\u2019re 16 - otherwise they need to apply for one themselves
    • ", + "

    Already getting Child Benefit

    ", + "

    You can choose to either:

    ", + "
  • stop getting Child Benefit - sometimes known as \u2018opting out\u2019
    • ", + "
  • carry on getting Child Benefit and pay any tax charge at the end of each tax year
    • ", + "

    Pay the tax charge

    ", + "

    To pay the tax charge, you must:

    ", + "
  • register for Self Assessment
    • ", + "
  • fill in a Self Assessment tax return each tax year and pay what you owe
    • ", + "

    Register for Self Assessment

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you need to pay the tax charge.

    ", + "

    You can get a penalty if you do not register for Self Assessment or do not declare child benefit on your Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.

    ", + "

    Register now

    ", + "

    If you cannot get information from your partner or ex-partner

    ", + "

    You can write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to ask whether your partner or ex-partner gets Child Benefit or has a higher adjusted net income than you. HMRC will reply \u2018yes\u2019 or \u2018no\u2019 - they will not give you any financial information.

    ", + "

    You can only ask for this information if you and your partner either live together, or separated within the tax year you want information for.

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC

    ", + "

    You need to tell HMRC the tax year you\u2019re asking about, as well as your:

    ", + "
  • name, address, date of birth and National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • Unique Taxpayer Reference, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • adjusted net income
    • ", + "
  • partner or ex-partner\u2019s name
    • ", + "

    If you can, include your partner or ex-partner\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance number, if you know it
    • ", + "
  • Unique Taxpayer Reference, if they have one
    • ", + "

    Send your letter to:

    ", + "

    Stop your Child Benefit

    ", + "

    To stop your Child Benefit you can either:

    ", + "
  • fill in an online form
    • ", + "
  • contact the Child Benefit Office by phone or post
    • ", + "

    You need a Government Gateway user ID and password to fill in the online form. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the form.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the online form if you\u2019re an appointee or authorised agent.

    ", + "

    You cannot stop your Child Benefit if you\u2019re using it to pay back an overpayment (or to pay back certain other benefits from another country).

    ", + "

    Responsibilities after your Child Benefit stops

    ", + "

    You must pay any tax charge owed for each tax year up to the date your Child Benefit stops.

    ", + "

    Use the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of how much you may owe each tax year.

    ", + "

    Even after your payments stop, you must report any changes in your family life that affect your entitlement to Child Benefit.

    ", + "

    Restart your Child Benefit

    ", + "

    You can restart your Child Benefit if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve previously stopped it because of the tax charge
    • ", + "
  • you still qualify for Child Benefit
    • ", + "

    To restart your Child Benefit, either:

    ", + "
  • fill in an online form
    • ", + "
  • contact the Child Benefit Office
    • ", + "

    You need a Government Gateway user ID and password to fill in the online form. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the form.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the online form if you\u2019re an appointee or authorised agent.

    ", + "

    Payments usually start again the Monday after your request is received. The Child Benefit Office will write telling you how much backdated Child Benefit you\u2019ll get (if any).

    ", + "

    Responsibilities after your Child Benefit restarts

    ", + "

    You (or your partner) will have to pay any tax charge on the benefit received from the restart date if your income is over \u00a350,000.

    ", + "

    Use the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your income and tax deductions to see if you may be affected by the tax charge.

    ", + "

    You must report any changes to your family life that affect your Child Benefit.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change

    ", + "

    Your income changes

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay the tax charge if your income for the whole of a tax year is less than \u00a350,000.

    ", + "

    You can choose to stop or restart your Child Benefit at any time. Use the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your income changes to see if they may affect the tax charge.

    ", + "

    You have a new child

    ", + "

    Claiming Child Benefit helps you qualify for:

    ", + "
  • National Insurance credits, which protect your right to the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • other benefits like Guardian\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    Child Benefit proves you (or your partner) support another child. You may pay less child maintenance for children not living with you.

    ", + "

    You can make a new claim or just protect your entitlement to the above by:

    ", + "
  • sending a Child Benefit claim form
    • ", + "
  • ticking the option to \u2018not have the benefit paid\u2019
    • ", + "

    A partner moves in or out

    ", + "

    Your situation may change if your income is more than \u00a350,000 and you move in or split up with someone who\u2019s getting Child Benefit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay the tax charge if your income is more than \u00a350,000 and higher than your new partner\u2019s income. Your partner pays it if their income is higher.

    ", + "

    The tax charge applies from the date you move in together to either the date you permanently separate or the Child Benefit stops - for example because the child is too old to qualify for it.

    ", + "

    Short periods apart do not count as separation, for example a hospital stay or working away from home.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Making a child maintenance arrangement", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/making-child-maintenance-arrangement", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Child maintenance is an arrangement between you and the other parent of your child. It covers how your child\u2019s living costs will be paid for when one of the parents no longer lives with them. It\u2019s made when you\u2019ve separated from the other parent (or if you\u2019ve never been in a relationship).

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Both parents are responsible for the costs of raising their children, even if they do not see them. Making agreements about access to your children happens separately.

    ", + "

    Child maintenance can be either:

    ", + "
  • a private arrangement between you and the other parent
    • ", + "
  • made through the Child Maintenance Service - a government scheme
    • ", + "

    You need to have child maintenance arrangements for children under 16 (or under 20 if they\u2019re in approved education or training). If you make a private arrangement you can continue paying after then.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re experiencing domestic abuse or controlling behaviour

    ", + "

    Domestic abuse includes controlling behaviour. For example:

    ", + "
  • emotionally controlling or manipulative behaviour
    • ", + "
  • controlling your finances
    • ", + "
  • controlling the way you look after your children
    • ", + "

    You can use the Child Maintenance Service to arrange child maintenance if you do not want to contact the\u00a0other parent yourself. They will contact the other parent for you and you will not need to pay the application fee if you\u2019re experiencing domestic abuse.

    ", + "

    How it affects benefits

    ", + "

    Child maintenance payments will not affect any benefits that you and your children get. You will not have to pay tax on them.

    ", + "

    Your Council Tax Reduction could be affected. Contact your local council to find out if this applies to you.

    ", + "

    Making an arrangement for the first time

    ", + "
  • Talk to the other parent about making your own arrangements.
    • ", + "
  • If you cannot agree, or you feel at risk talking to the other parent, contact Child Maintenance Options for help and support.
    • ", + "
  • If you decide to use the Child Maintenance Service, they\u2019ll give you a reference number and explain how to apply.
    • ", + "

    Arrange child maintenance yourself

    ", + "

    You can make arrangements for your children if both parents agree. This might cover their living costs and care.

    ", + "

    This is a private arrangement where you and the other parent organise everything yourselves. No one else has to be involved. It\u2019s flexible and can be changed if your circumstances change. For example, you could both agree that one parent:

    ", + "
  • does school or nursery pick ups
    • ", + "
  • looks after the children in the holidays
    • ", + "
  • pays a proportion of their income to the parent with day to day care
    • ", + "
  • pays for things like housing, school uniform, trips or after school clubs
    • ", + "
  • pays a regular set amount directly to the parent with care
    • ", + "

    Working out payments

    ", + "

    If you agree to make regular payments, you can use the child maintenance calculator to help you decide how much payments should be.

    ", + "

    Get help to make an arrangement

    ", + "

    You can search for a local mediator to help you reach agreement about an arrangement.

    ", + "

    You can read guidance on:

    ", + "
  • working out the cost of raising your children
    • ", + "
  • having a conversation about child maintenance
    • ", + "
  • recording your agreement
    • ", + "

    You can contact Child Maintenance Options for support.

    ", + "

    There are different contact details if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If your private arrangement stops working

    ", + "

    You can search for a local mediator to help you work out child maintenance arrangements.

    ", + "

    If you later decide to switch to using the Child Maintenance Service you may have to pay an application fee. You will not need to pay the fee if you\u2019ve experienced domestic abuse, you\u2019re under 19 years old or you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Using the Child Maintenance Service

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service is for parents who have not been able to make a private arrangement about how their child\u2019s living costs will be paid. The payments are a fixed amount on a schedule.

    ", + "

    Once the Child Maintenance Service calculates the maintenance amount, payments are usually managed between parents. The payments are fixed amounts paid on a schedule.

    ", + "

    If you use the service to collect and transfer payments, you\u2019ll pay a fee each time you make or receive a payment.

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service can:

    ", + "
  • work out child maintenance payment amounts (you can do this yourself with the calculator)
    • ", + "
  • arrange for the other parent to pay child maintenance and take action if payments are not made
    • ", + "
  • help find the other parent (they\u2019ll need information from you and will not be able to set up a case if they cannot be found)
    • ", + "
  • sort out disagreements about parentage
    • ", + "
  • look at the payments if changes in parents\u2019 circumstances are reported
    • ", + "

    You can switch to arranging child maintenance yourself later on.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve experienced domestic abuse or controlling behaviour from your child\u2019s other parent

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about your child\u2019s other parent contacting you, tell the Child Maintenance Service. You do not need to be in contact with the other parent.

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service if it\u2019s not safe for the other parent to know your location or personal information, for example if you\u2019ve changed your name.

    ", + "

    Getting payments without sharing your location

    ", + "

    There are ways to get payments from your child\u2019s other parent without sharing your location.

    ", + "

    You can ask your bank to set up a \u2018non-geographical\u2019 bank account if you do not want the other parent to know your address. Ask the Child Maintenance Service to give you a letter to explain why you need it.

    ", + "

    You can also set up a pre-payment card which is not connected to a bank account. The paying parent can set up a standing order to your pre-payment card.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your child needs to be under 16 (or under 20 if they stay in approved education or training).

    ", + "

    You need to live in the UK as your main home and have the right to live here.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • either parent (you do not need to live with the child)
    • ", + "
  • a grandparent or other guardian of the child
    • ", + "
  • a child over 12 living in Scotland
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in prison or a full-time student with no income, you do not have to pay child maintenance - there\u2019s no need to apply.

    ", + "

    You cannot use this service if you have an existing consent order approved by a court that is either less than a year old or made before 3 March 2003.

    ", + "

    If one of the parents lives outside the UK

    ", + "

    You cannot apply if the child and the parent with main day-to-day care live outside the UK.

    ", + "

    The service can only help if the paying parent works outside the UK for a British organisation.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    The application fee is \u00a320.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay this if you:

    ", + "
  • have experienced domestic abuse
    • ", + "
  • are under 19 years old
    • ", + "
  • live in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Contact Child Maintenance Options before you apply.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll discuss your maintenance arrangements with you, give you a reference number and explain how to apply.

    ", + "

    There are different contact details if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need to provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give information about you and your family, for example:

    ", + "
  • details about the child you\u2019re applying for - including the full names of their parents
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • your bank account details (tell the Child Maintenance Service if it\u2019s not safe to tell the other parent your name, if you\u2019ve changed it, or location)
    • ", + "

    How your information is used

    ", + "

    Your information is used to set up and manage child maintenance payments, and sometimes to try to find the paying parent.

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service will share your name and your child\u2019s name with the other parent. They will not share your address.

    ", + "

    They may share your contact details with other government organisations, debt collection agencies or the courts. They will not share details of your case.

    ", + "

    If the Child Maintenance Service cannot get the information from either parent, they might ask others, for example:

    ", + "
  • the paying parent\u2019s employer
    • ", + "
  • government organisations like Jobcentre Plus
    • ", + "
  • prison services or local councils
    • ", + "
  • the paying parent\u2019s bank or building society
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disability-living-allowance-children", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children may help with the extra costs of looking after a child who:

    ", + "
  • is under 16
    • ", + "
  • has difficulties walking or needs much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability
    • ", + "

    They will need to meet all the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    The DLA rate is between \u00a323.70 and \u00a3152.15 a week and depends on the level of help the child needs.

    ", + "

    DLA rates for children

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children is a tax-free benefit made up of 2 components (parts). The child might qualify for one or both components.

    ", + "

    Care component

    ", + "Care component | Weekly rate", + "Lowest | \u00a323.70", + "Middle | \u00a360.00", + "Highest | \u00a389.60", + "

    Mobility component

    ", + "Mobility component | Weekly rate", + "Lower | \u00a323.70", + "Higher | \u00a362.55", + "

    How DLA for children is paid

    ", + "

    DLA is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Tuesday.

    ", + "

    If your payment date is on a bank holiday, you will usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Extra help

    ", + "

    You might qualify for Carer\u2019s Allowance if you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for a child who gets the middle or highest care rate of DLA.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Usually, to qualify for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children the child must:

    ", + "
  • be under 16 - anyone over 16 must apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • need extra looking after or have walking dif\ufb01culties
    • ", + "
  • be in Great Britain, a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland when you claim - there are some exceptions, such as family members of the Armed Forces
    • ", + "
  • have lived in Great Britain for at least 6 of the last 12 months, if over 3 years old
    • ", + "
  • be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • not be subject to immigration control
    • ", + "

    The process is different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    There are some exceptions to these conditions if the child is living in or coming from an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    You can claim DLA for children if you\u2019re in or out of work.

    ", + "

    Children under 3

    ", + "

    A child under 6 months must have lived in Great Britain for at least 13 weeks.

    ", + "

    A child aged between 6 months and 3 years must have lived in Great Britain for at least 26 of the last 156 weeks.

    ", + "

    The rules on residence do not normally apply if a child is terminally ill.

    ", + "

    The child\u2019s disability or health condition

    ", + "

    The child\u2019s disability or health condition must mean at least one of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they need much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability
    • ", + "
  • they have difficulty getting about
    • ", + "

    They must have had these difficulties for at least 3 months and expect them to last for at least 6 months. If they\u2019re terminally ill (that is, not expected to live more than 6 months), they do not need to have had these difficulties for 3 months.

    ", + "

    Care component

    ", + "

    The rate the child gets depends on the level of looking after they need, for example:

    ", + "
  • lowest rate - help for some of the day
    • ", + "
  • middle rate - frequent help or constant supervision during the day, supervision at night or someone to help while they\u2019re on dialysis
    • ", + "
  • highest rate - help or supervision throughout both day and night, or they\u2019re terminally ill
    • ", + "

    Mobility component

    ", + "

    The rate the child gets depends on the level of help they need getting about, for example:

    ", + "
  • lowest rate - they can walk but need help and or supervision when outdoors
    • ", + "
  • highest rate - they cannot walk, can only walk a short distance without severe discomfort, could become very ill if they try to walk or they\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired
    • ", + "

    There are also age limits to receiving the mobility component:

    ", + "
  • lowest rate - the child must be 5 years or over
    • ", + "
  • highest rate - the child must be 3 years or over
    • ", + "

    If your child is under these ages and you claim DLA for them, you should be sent a claim pack 6 months before they turn 3 and 6 months before they turn 5. You can then apply for the mobility component if you think they\u2019re eligible for it.

    ", + "

    If you have not received any claim packs and you think your child may be entitled to the mobility component, contact the Disability Service Centre.

    ", + "

    Change of circumstances

    ", + "

    Contact the Disability Service Centre as soon as the child\u2019s circumstances change. This can affect how much they get, for example if their disability gets worse or they go abroad for medical treatment.

    ", + "

    Their DLA will not usually be affected if they go:

    ", + "
  • into a local authority care home for less than 28 days
    • ", + "
  • into a hospital
    • ", + "
  • abroad for less than 13 weeks
    • ", + "
  • abroad for less than 26 weeks to get medical treatment for a condition which began before they left
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    To claim DLA for a child you need to be their parent or look after them as if you\u2019re their parent. This includes step-parents, guardians, grandparents, foster-parents or older brothers or sisters.

    ", + "

    To apply you can either:

    ", + "
  • print off and fill in the DLA claim form
    • ", + "
  • phone the Disability Living Allowance helpline and ask for a printed form
    • ", + "

    The process is different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call the Disability Living Allowance helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll be paid

    ", + "

    DLA can be paid from the start of your claim. It cannot be backdated. Your claim will start on the date the form is received or the date you call the enquiry line (if you return the claim pack within 6 weeks).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision letter about 8 weeks (40 working days) after your form is received. The letter will tell you when you\u2019ll get your first payment.

    ", + "

    If the child is terminally ill

    ", + "

    There are special rules if the child is not expected to live more than 6 months, so they can get DLA more quickly.

    ", + "

    Phone the Disability Living Allowance helpline to start your claim. Ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500. They\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    When your child turns 16

    ", + "

    Your child will need to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) when they turn 16.

    ", + "

    When they apply for PIP

    ", + "

    Your child will get a letter inviting them to apply for PIP. The letter will be sent:

    ", + "
  • shortly after their 16th birthday
    • ", + "
  • when they leave hospital, if they were in hospital on their 16th birthday
    • ", + "
  • about 20 weeks before their DLA award ends, if they were awarded DLA under the rules for people who are terminally ill
    • ", + "

    Your child\u2019s DLA payments will stop unless they apply for PIP by the date given in the letter.

    ", + "

    If they apply by the date given in the letter, they\u2019ll continue to receive DLA until their claim is assessed.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Help if you have a disabled child", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/help-for-disabled-child", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your local council can provide help if you have a disabled child, including:

    ", + "
  • short break services
    • ", + "
  • holiday play schemes
    • ", + "
  • care at home
    • ", + "
  • some aids and adaptations
    • ", + "
  • financial help, eg money towards travel costs for hospital visits
    • ", + "

    Your council has a duty to provide these services under the Children Act 1989. Some are free of charge - the council might ask you to contribute towards others.

    ", + "

    If you think your child may qualify, contact the social services team at your local council.

    ", + "

    A social worker will then talk to you about the needs of your family, including:

    ", + "
  • health
    • ", + "
  • social care
    • ", + "
  • education
    • ", + "

    This is called a \u2018needs assessment\u2019 - the social worker will give you advice on what to do next.

    ", + "

    You can also ask your council about local support groups for carers and families with disabled children.

    ", + "

    Help with costs

    ", + "

    If your child qualifies for services from your local council, you\u2019ll also have the option of getting direct payments.

    ", + "

    These are paid directly to you so you can arrange services you need. They\u2019re an alternative to social care services provided by your local council.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible for extra Child Tax Credit for each disabled child you\u2019re responsible for or Disability Living Allowance for children.

    ", + "

    Childcare

    ", + "

    Your local council\u2019s Family Information Service can give you details about childcare in your local area.

    ", + "

    You can also ask them about other specialist services that your child may need because of their disability.

    ", + "

    Help with childcare costs

    ", + "

    All 3 and 4 year olds are entitled to 15 hours of free education for 38 weeks of the year - read the information on childcare and tax credits for more details.

    ", + "

    Some 2-year-olds (even if they have an education, health and care plan or get Disability Living Allowance) are also entitled to the 15 hours of free education.

    ", + "

    You can also get direct payments from your local council to help pay for childcare.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on the Early Support Programme and have a Family File, show this to your childcare provider.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re working, you may be able to get up to \u00a34,000 a year to help pay for childcare for a disabled child through Tax-Free Childcare.

    ", + "

    Education

    ", + "

    Under the Equality Act 2010, it\u2019s against the law for schools and other education providers to discriminate against disabled children.

    ", + "

    Examples of discrimination include:

    ", + "
  • a school refusing to admit a disabled child just because of their disability
    • ", + "
  • stopping a disabled pupil going outside at break time because it takes them longer to get there
    • ", + "

    Contact the Equality Advisory Support Service if you think your child has been discriminated against because of their disability.

    ", + "

    Making \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019

    ", + "

    Schools have to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 for disabled children. These can include:

    ", + "
  • changes to physical features, eg adding a ramp
    • ", + "
  • changes to how learners are assessed
    • ", + "
  • providing extra support and aids, eg specialist teachers or equipment
    • ", + "

    Special educational needs

    ", + "

    Some children may have special educational needs because their disabilities affect their ability to learn.

    ", + "

    You can ask your council to carry out an education, health and care (EHC) needs assessment for your child. They may get an EHC plan, which will explain the extra support they need.

    ", + "

    The council must make sure your child gets this support.

    ", + "

    Ask to see a school\u2019s policy on special educational needs so you know what support they can offer.

    ", + "

    Find your local support service if you need impartial advice about special educational needs.

    ", + "

    Motability scheme

    ", + "

    The Motability Scheme can help you lease a car if your child is aged 3 or over and is entitled to either the:

    ", + "
  • higher rate of the mobility component of Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • enhanced mobility component of Personal Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    More information about the scheme is on the Motability website.

    ", + "

    You can also contact:

    ", + "

    Home adaptations

    ", + "

    If your home needs to be adapted to meet your child\u2019s needs, you may be able to get a Disabled Facilities Grant to help with the costs.

    ", + "

    Usually, an occupational therapist will talk to you to work out what adaptations would be best for your child.

    ", + "

    A Disabled Facilities Grant will not affect any benefits that you\u2019re getting.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Disabled Facilities Grants", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-facilities-grants", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You could get a grant from your council if you\u2019re disabled and need to make changes to your home, for example to:

    ", + "
  • widen doors and install ramps
    • ", + "
  • improve access to rooms and facilities - eg stairlifts or a downstairs bathroom
    • ", + "
  • provide a heating system suitable for your needs
    • ", + "
  • adapt heating or lighting controls to make them easier to use
    • ", + "

    A Disabled Facilities Grant won\u2019t affect any benefits you get.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your:

    ", + "
  • household income
    • ", + "
  • household savings over \u00a36,000
    • ", + "Country | Grant", + "England | Up to \u00a330,000", + "Wales | Up to \u00a336,000", + "Northern Ireland | Up to \u00a325,000", + "Scotland | Disabled Facilities Grants are not available - find out about support for equipment and adaptations", + "

    Depending on your income, you may need to pay towards the cost of the work to the property.

    ", + "

    Disabled children under 18 can get a grant without their parents\u2019 income being taken into account. Contact your local council for more information.

    ", + "

    You might not get any grant if you start work on your property before the council approves your application.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019ll be paid

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be paid either:

    ", + "
  • in instalments - as the work progresses
    • ", + "
  • in full - when the work is finished
    • ", + "

    The council may pay the contractor directly or give you a cheque to pass on to them. They\u2019ll agree this with you when they approve your application.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll be paid

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be paid either:

    ", + "
  • when the council is happy with the finished work
    • ", + "
  • when you give the council the invoice, demand or receipt for payment from the contractor
    • ", + "

    Normally, if you (or a relative) does the work the council will only accept invoices for materials or services you\u2019ve bought.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You or someone living in your property must be disabled. Either you or the person you\u2019re applying for must:

    ", + "
  • own the property or be a tenant
    • ", + "
  • intend to live in the property during the grant period (which is currently 5 years)
    • ", + "

    You can also apply for a grant if you\u2019re a landlord and have a disabled tenant.

    ", + "

    The council needs to be happy that the work is:

    ", + "
  • necessary and appropriate to meet the disabled person\u2019s needs
    • ", + "
  • reasonable and can be done - depending on the age and condition of the property
    • ", + "

    You might not get any grant if you start work on your property before the council approves your application.

    ", + "

    Planning and building regulations approval

    ", + "

    You need to apply separately for any planning permission or building regulations approval.

    ", + "

    The council may ask you to employ a qualified architect or surveyor to plan and oversee the work. If you get a grant, you can use it towards the cost of their fees.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Apply through your local council.

    ", + "

    The council may send an occupational therapist round to see you. They\u2019ll check your circumstances and see what changes you need.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can appeal to your council if you\u2019re unhappy with their decision.

    ", + "

    If you appeal and you\u2019re still not happy, you can complain to the Local Government Ombudsman.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Childcare Grant", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/childcare-grant", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for help with your childcare costs if you:

    ", + "
  • are a full-time higher education student
    • ", + "
  • have children under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs
    • ", + "

    The grant:

    ", + "
  • does not have to be paid back
    • ", + "
  • is paid on top of your other student finance
    • ", + "

    You must be eligible for student finance to apply for a Childcare Grant.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The amount you\u2019ll get depends on:

    ", + "
  • your household income
    • ", + "
  • the number of children who are dependent on you
    • ", + "

    2021 to 2022 academic year

    ", + "

    You can get 85% of your childcare costs or a fixed maximum amount, whichever is less.

    ", + "

    The maximum you can get is:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a3179.62 a week for 1 child
    • ", + "
  • up to \u00a3307.95 a week for 2 or more children
    • ", + "

    You have to pay for any remaining costs.

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    You can get 85% of your childcare costs or a fixed maximum amount, whichever is less.

    ", + "

    The maximum you can get is:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a3174.22 a week for 1 child
    • ", + "
  • up to \u00a3298.69 a week for 2 or more children
    • ", + "

    You have to pay for any remaining costs.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    Your grant will be paid into a Childcare Grant Payment Service (CCGPS) account. You\u2019ll get an email telling you how to set one up.

    ", + "

    Your childcare provider will send requests for payment to the CCGPS, which you can approve through your account. Your provider will be paid directly from the money in your account.

    ", + "

    Any money that\u2019s left over at the end of the academic year will be returned to Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    Income-related, unemployment and housing benefits are not affected by a Childcare Grant.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To qualify for a Childcare Grant all the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a full-time student
    • ", + "
  • your child must be under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs
    • ", + "
  • you get undergraduate student finance based on your household income, or are eligible to
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not getting a Postgraduate Loan
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a permanent resident in England
    • ", + "
  • the children in your grant application are financially dependent on you
    • ", + "
  • your childcare provider is on the Ofsted Early Years Register or General Childcare Register - check with your provider
    • ", + "
  • if your child is cared for at home, the carer cannot be a relative and must be registered with an appropriate body - check with Student Finance England
    • ", + "
  • neither you or your partner are claiming Tax-Free Childcare, the childcare element of working Tax Credit or Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • neither you or your partner receive help with childcare costs from the National Health Service (NHS)
    • ", + "

    Childcare Grant isn\u2019t the same as 15 or 30 hours free childcare. You can\u2019t use it to pay for those hours.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To apply for a Childcare Grant follow these steps:

    ", + "
  • Apply online as part of your main student finance application.
    • ", + "
  • Send in evidence. You\u2019ll be told what evidence you need to provide when you apply.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how much Childcare Grant you\u2019ll get.
    • ", + "
  • Create an online account with the Childcare Grant Payment Service (CCGPS). You\u2019ll get an email telling you how to set one up. Your grant will be paid into this account.
    • ", + "

    Use the paper form instead if you:

    ", + "
  • have already applied for student finance but didn\u2019t apply for a childcare grant at the same time
    • ", + "
  • want to apply for another child
    • ", + "

    You can download the form from the student finance form finder.

    ", + "

    Use your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Care to Learn", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/care-to-learn", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The Care to Learn scheme can help with childcare costs while you study.

    ", + "

    You must be aged under 20 at the start of your course.

    ", + "

    The scheme is available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses in:

    ", + "
  • schools
    • ", + "
  • sixth-forms in schools
    • ", + "
  • sixth-form colleges
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You can get up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3160 per child per week if you live outside London
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3175 per child per week if you live in London
    • ", + "

    What it covers

    ", + "

    Care to Learn can help with the cost of:

    ", + "
  • your childcare, including deposit and registration fees
    • ", + "
  • a childcare taster session for up to 5 days
    • ", + "
  • keeping your childcare place over the summer holidays
    • ", + "
  • taking your child to their childcare provider
    • ", + "

    Payments

    ", + "

    Childcare payments go directly to your childcare provider.

    ", + "

    Before they can be paid:

    ", + "
  • your childcare provider needs to confirm your child\u2019s attendance
    • ", + "
  • your school or college needs to confirm that you\u2019re attending your course
    • ", + "

    Travel payments go direct to your school or college - they\u2019ll either pay you or arrange travel for you.

    ", + "

    When payments stop

    ", + "

    Payments end when:

    ", + "
  • you stop attending your course
    • ", + "
  • you reach the end of your course
    • ", + "
  • your child stops attending childcare
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can get Care to Learn if all of the following apply to you:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a parent under 20 at the start of your course
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the main carer for your child
    • ", + "
  • you live in England
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re either a British citizen or have a legal right to live and study in England
    • ", + "
  • your course qualifies
    • ", + "
  • your childcare provider qualifies
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    Care to Learn is only available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses that take place in:

    ", + "
  • schools
    • ", + "
  • sixth-forms in schools
    • ", + "
  • sixth-form colleges
    • ", + "
  • other colleges and learning providers, including Foundation Learning
    • ", + "
  • your community at Children\u2019s Centres
    • ", + "

    Your learning provider can tell you if your course is eligible.

    ", + "

    Your childcare provider

    ", + "

    To qualify, your childcare provider must be registered with Ofsted.

    ", + "

    They can be a:

    ", + "
  • childminder
    • ", + "
  • preschool playgroup
    • ", + "
  • day nursery
    • ", + "
  • out of school club
    • ", + "

    Who cannot get Care to Learn

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re an apprentice who gets a salary
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re doing a higher education course at university
    • ", + "

    Apply for Care to Learn

    ", + "

    You must choose your learning provider and childcare provider before you apply.

    ", + "

    You need to make a new application for each year you study.

    ", + "

    Your childcare provider is paid from the beginning of your course if you apply either:

    ", + "
  • before your course starts
    • ", + "
  • within 28 days of starting your course
    • ", + "

    If you apply after that, your childcare provider will only be paid from the beginning of the week that your application was received.

    ", + "

    Apply online for Care to Learn.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    You must give your learning provider either:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the child\u2019s birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • a letter confirming receipt of Child Benefit for that child
    • ", + "

    If you qualify

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter and a payment plan telling you what financial help you can get.

    ", + "

    Your childcare provider will only be paid after you\u2019ve provided this.

    ", + "

    Your childcare provider will also get the payment plan to let them know when they\u2019ll be paid.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for travel costs, your learning provider will be told about payments for this.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change

    ", + "

    You must report changes to your:

    ", + "
  • personal details
    • ", + "
  • childcare provider
    • ", + "
  • hours of childcare
    • ", + "
  • travel costs
    • ", + "
  • learning provider
    • ", + "

    You can do this by updating your online application.

    ", + "

    Benefits

    ", + "

    Claiming Care to Learn will not affect your family\u2019s benefits or allowances.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Healthy Start", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthy-start", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re pregnant or have a child under 4, the Healthy Start scheme can help you buy basic foods like milk or fruit.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland you cannot get Healthy Start. You can apply for Best Start Foods instead.

    ", + "

    If you qualify for the scheme you\u2019ll be sent vouchers you can use in over 30,000 shops in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can also get coupons to swap for:

    ", + "
  • pregnancy vitamins
    • ", + "
  • breastfeeding vitamins
    • ", + "
  • vitamins for children aged 6 months to 5 years old
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    If you qualify, you\u2019ll get vouchers worth \u00a34.25 each to spend on:

    ", + "
  • cow\u2019s milk
    • ", + "
  • fresh, frozen or tinned fruit and vegetables
    • ", + "
  • infant formula milk
    • ", + "
  • fresh, dried, and tinned pulses
    • ", + "

    You get 1 voucher a week if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "
  • you have a child aged between 1 and 4
    • ", + "

    You get 2 vouchers a week if you have a child under 1.

    ", + "

    You can also get free vitamin supplements.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can get Healthy Start vouchers if you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland. If you live in Scotland, apply for Best Start Foods instead.

    ", + "

    You will qualify for the Healthy Start scheme if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re at least 10 weeks pregnant
    • ", + "
  • you have at least 1 child under 4 years old
    • ", + "

    In addition, you must be receiving any of the following:

    ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit (but only if your family\u2019s annual income is \u00a316,190 or less)
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit (but only if your family earns \u00a3408 or less per month from employment)
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit (but only if your family is receiving the 4 week \u2018run-on\u2019 payment)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be eligible for the Healthy Start scheme if you\u2019re pregnant and under 18, even if you do not receive any benefits.

    ", + "

    Working Tax Credit run-on is the payment you receive for a further 4 weeks immediately after you stop qualifying for Working Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Apply for Healthy Start vouchers.

    ", + "

    You can also get an application form from your midwife or \u2018health visitor\u2019, or by phoning the Healthy Start helpline.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Guardian's Allowance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/guardians-allowance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You could get Guardian\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re bringing up a child whose parents have died. You may also be eligible if there\u2019s one surviving parent.

    ", + "

    The Guardian\u2019s Allowance rate is \u00a318 a week. You get it on top of Child Benefit and it\u2019s tax-free.

    ", + "

    You must tell the Guardian\u2019s Allowance Unit about certain changes to your circumstances.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The Guardian Allowance rate is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a318 a week per child
    • ", + "
  • tax-free
    • ", + "
  • paid on top of your Child Benefit payments
    • ", + "

    How the money is paid

    ", + "

    Usually, the money is paid into a bank account every 4 weeks. It can be paid weekly if you\u2019re a single parent or getting certain other benefits, such as Income Support.

    ", + "

    You can get the money paid into any account, apart from a Nationwide Building Society account in someone else\u2019s name.

    ", + "

    Effect on other benefits

    ", + "

    Guardian\u2019s Allowance does not count as income if you\u2019re claiming tax credits, Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance.

    ", + "

    Guardian\u2019s Allowance is not affected by the High Income Child Benefit charge. If you decide not to be paid Child Benefit your Guardian\u2019s Allowance can continue.

    ", + "

    Guardian\u2019s Allowance does not count towards the benefit cap.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to work out what benefits you can get.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To get Guardian\u2019s Allowance all of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re bringing up someone else\u2019s child
    • ", + "
  • the child\u2019s parents are dead (see conditions for one surviving parent below)
    • ", + "
  • you qualify for Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • one of the parents was born in the UK (or was living in the UK since the age of 16 for at least 52 weeks in any 2-year period)
    • ", + "

    If you adopt a child you may still get Guardian\u2019s Allowance as long as you were getting it before you adopted the child.

    ", + "

    If there is one surviving parent

    ", + "

    You could get Guardian\u2019s Allowance if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you do not know where the surviving parent is
    • ", + "
  • the parents were divorced or their civil partnership had dissolved, the surviving parent does not have custody and is not maintaining the child and there is not a court order in place saying they should
    • ", + "
  • the parents were not married, the mother has died and the father is unknown
    • ", + "
  • the surviving parent will be in prison for at least 2 years from the date of death of the other parent
    • ", + "
  • the surviving parent is in a hospital by court order
    • ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to check the benefits you\u2019re entitled to.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    To avoid losing money, claim Guardian\u2019s Allowance as soon as the child comes to live with you.

    ", + "
  • Fill in the claim form (BG1).
    • ", + "
  • Send it to the Guardian\u2019s Allowance Unit with the child\u2019s full birth certificate and the parents\u2019 death certificates (or certificate if one parent has died) - send originals.
    • ", + "

    You should also claim Child Benefit as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    Guardian\u2019s Allowance can be backdated for up to 3 months.

    ", + "

    You can also call the Guardian\u2019s Allowance Unit and ask for a claim pack.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Changes to your circumstances

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change, your entitlement to Guardian\u2019s Allowance could be affected or your payments could stop.

    ", + "

    You must report changes straight away. You can do this online if:

    ", + "
  • the child goes to live with someone else
    • ", + "
  • you go abroad, either temporarily (for more than 8 weeks), or permanently (for more than 1 year)
    • ", + "
  • the child leaves full-time education or approved training
    • ", + "
  • your bank or contact details change
    • ", + "
  • you find out where the surviving parent is
    • ", + "
  • the surviving parent comes out of hospital or prison (or has their sentence shortened)
    • ", + "
  • the surviving parent makes a payment towards their child\u2019s upkeep
    • ", + "

    You can also report a change of circumstance by phone or post.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Parents' Learning Allowance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parents-learning-allowance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for help with your learning costs if you\u2019re a full-time student with children. This is called Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your household income.

    ", + "

    The allowance:

    ", + "
  • does not have to be paid back
    • ", + "
  • is paid on top of your other student finance
    • ", + "
  • will not affect your benefits or tax credit
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Depending on your household income, in the 2021 to 2022 academic year you could get between \u00a350 and \u00a31,821 a year.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s usually paid in 3 instalments direct to your bank account, one at the start of each term.

    ", + "

    Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance is paid on top of your other student finance and does not have to be paid back.

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    Full-time students could get up to \u00a31,766 a year.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a student from England with dependent children you may qualify if you\u2019re taking:

    ", + "
  • a full-time undergraduate course
    • ", + "
  • an Initial Teacher Training (ITT) course
    • ", + "

    You do not need to be paying for childcare to qualify.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for the Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance when you apply for student finance.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    After you apply you\u2019ll get a letter telling you how much you can get.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Financial help if you're disabled", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/financial-help-disabled", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    There is a wide range of disability-related financial support, including benefits, tax credits, payments, grants and concessions.

    ", + "

    Some benefits you might get are:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP) or Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might also be able to get:

    ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Benefit if you\u2019re disabled as a result of work
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance if you need daily care and attention because of a disability
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Vehicles and transport

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled you can apply for the following:

    ", + "
  • exemption from paying vehicle tax
    • ", + "
  • parking benefits - Blue Badge
    • ", + "
  • disabled persons bus pass or railcard
    • ", + "
  • help to buy or lease a car from The Motability Scheme
    • ", + "

    Home and housing

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been assessed by your local council as needing care and support services, you can get:

    ", + "
  • Direct payments - allowing you to buy in and arrange help yourself instead of getting it directly from social services
    • ", + "
  • Disabled Facilities Grants - which is money towards the costs of home adaptations to enable you to continue living there
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for Universal Credit and could get help with housing costs.

    ", + "

    If not, check if you\u2019re eligible for Housing Benefit and Council Tax Reduction from your local council.

    ", + "

    Help if you\u2019re employed

    ", + "

    You may be able to top up a low salary by claiming Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    You also might be able to get an Access to Work grant to pay for:

    ", + "
  • special equipment, adaptations or support worker services to help you do things like answer the phone or go to meetings
    • ", + "
  • help getting to and from work
    • ", + "
  • mental health support
    • ", + "
  • communication support at a job interview (for example, a British Sign Language interpreter or a lipspeaker)
    • ", + "

    VAT relief on certain goods and services

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay VAT on certain goods and services if they\u2019re just for your own use and you\u2019re disabled or have a long term illness.

    ", + "

    Armed forces compensation

    ", + "

    You may be able to get compensation if you\u2019ve been injured or disabled while serving in the armed forces.

    ", + "

    Disability and sickness benefits

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance for children

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance for children (DLA) is a tax-free benefit for children under 16 to help with the extra costs caused by long-term ill health or a disability.

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance for adults

    ", + "

    Personal Independence Payment is gradually replacing DLA for adults with long-term ill health or a disability. If you\u2019ve reached State Pension age you can apply for Attendance Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    Personal Independence Payment

    ", + "

    Personal Independence Payment (PIP) is a tax-free benefit for people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age. It can help with the extra costs caused by long term ill-health or a disability.

    ", + "

    Attendance Allowance

    ", + "

    Attendance Allowance is a tax-free benefit for people who are State Pension age or over, have a disability and need someone to help look after them.

    ", + "

    Employment and Support Allowance

    ", + "

    You may be able to get \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you cannot work because of illness or disability.

    ", + "

    Carers

    ", + "

    Carer\u2019s Allowance is extra money to help you look after someone with substantial caring needs.

    ", + "

    You could also get Carer\u2019s Credit so there will not be any gaps in your National Insurance record if you have to take on caring responsibilities.

    ", + "

    Vehicles and transport

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to meet the legal obligations for drivers before you can drive.

    ", + "

    Blue Badge parking scheme

    ", + "

    The Blue Badge scheme provides a range of parking benefits for disabled people with severe walking difficulties who travel either as drivers or as passengers.

    ", + "

    Vehicle tax exemption

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for exemption from paying vehicle tax if you get the:

    ", + "
  • higher rate mobility component of Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • enhanced rate mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • War Pensioners\u2019 Mobility Supplement
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    The vehicle must be registered in the disabled person\u2019s name or their nominated driver\u2019s name.

    ", + "

    It must only be used for the disabled person\u2019s personal needs. It cannot be used by the nominated driver for their own personal use.

    ", + "

    You can only have one vehicle tax exemption at any one time.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You claim the exemption when you apply for vehicle tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming for a vehicle for the first time, you have to claim at a Post Office. You must do this every time you change your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Vehicle tax reduction

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can get a 50% reduction in vehicle tax if you get the PIP standard rate mobility component.

    ", + "

    The vehicle should be registered in the disabled person\u2019s name or their nominated driver\u2019s name.

    ", + "

    You cannot get a reduction for getting the DLA lower rate mobility component.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You must include the following with your application:

    ", + "
  • a letter or statement from the Department for Work and Pensions that shows your PIP rate and the dates you\u2019re getting it
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle log book (V5C)
    • ", + "
  • a V10 form
    • ", + "
  • an original MOT or GVT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)
    • ", + "
  • a cheque or payable order (made out to \u2018DVLA, Swansea\u2019) for 50% of the full rate of car tax for the vehicle
    • ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (if you live in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    Do not send your PIP assessment or any other medical information with your application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve just bought the vehicle and it\u2019s not registered in your name yet, you\u2019ll need to complete a V62 form and include the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip from the log book with your application.

    ", + "

    Send the documents to:

    ", + "

    If the vehicle is not registered to you or the nominated driver

    ", + "

    When you make your application you will need to include a signed letter from the vehicle\u2019s registered keeper. This needs to say:

    ", + "
  • how they know you
    • ", + "
  • how the vehicle will be used, for example picking up your prescription or shopping
    • ", + "

    The Motability Scheme

    ", + "

    The Motability Scheme can help you with leasing a car, powered wheelchair or scooter. You\u2019ll need to be getting one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the higher rate of the mobility component of DLA
    • ", + "
  • War Pensioners\u2019 Mobility Supplement
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • the enhanced rate of the mobility component of PIP
    • ", + "

    VAT relief for vehicles

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay VAT on having a vehicle adapted to suit your condition, or on the lease of a Motability vehicle - this is known as VAT relief.

    ", + "

    Community and public transport

    ", + "

    Your local council may operate dial-a-ride or taxi schemes, for example, using vouchers or tokens. You may also be eligible for a bus pass, a Disabled Persons Railcard or both.

    ", + "

    Home and housing

    ", + "

    Direct Payments - arranging your own care and services

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been assessed by your local council as needing care and support services, you may want to choose Direct Payments. They allow you to buy in and arrange help yourself instead of receiving it directly from your local council.

    ", + "

    Disabled Facilities Grants

    ", + "

    Disabled Facilities Grants are local council grants. It helps towards the cost of essential adaptations to your home to enable you to continue to live there.

    ", + "

    Council Tax Disabled Band Reduction Scheme

    ", + "

    You may be entitled to a reduction in your Council Tax bill if your home has certain features that are essential to you living there.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to apply for Council Tax Disabled Band Reduction.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income

    ", + "

    Universal Credit

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit you could get help paying for your housing.

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit is being replaced by Universal Credit. Most people will need to claim Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible for Housing Benefit before you apply.

    ", + "

    You may also get a Council Tax Reduction from your local council.

    ", + "

    On a low income

    ", + "

    Universal Credit

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Universal Credit if you\u2019re on a low income or out of work.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim \u2018new style\u2019 JSA.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have worked as an employee and paid Class 1 National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years. National Insurance credits can also count.

    ", + "

    You will not be eligible if you were self-employed and only paid Class 2 National Insurance contributions, unless you were working as a share fisherman or a volunteer development worker.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to take reasonable steps to look for work.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible for \u2018new style\u2019 JSA.

    ", + "

    Blind Person\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    The Blind Person\u2019s Allowance allows you to receive an amount of income without having to pay tax. It\u2019s added to your personal tax allowance.

    ", + "

    Television licence discount

    ", + "

    You can get 50% off the cost of your TV licence if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re registered blind or severely sight impaired
    • ", + "
  • you live with someone who is registered blind or severely sight impaired
    • ", + "

    If the person who is registered blind is not the current licence holder for your address, you\u2019ll need to transfer the licence to their name.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • transfer the licence online - you\u2019ll need your licence number
    • ", + "
  • contact TV Licensing to transfer the licence
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To claim the TV licence concession for blind people, you\u2019ll need to get a certificate from your local authority or ophthalmologist stating that you are registered blind or severely sight impaired.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, the certificate or document must be issued by or on behalf of a Health and Social Services Trust. On the Isle of Man, it must be issued by or on behalf of the Department for Health and Social Services.

    ", + "

    Post a copy of the certificate along with your licence renewal notice - if you have one - and a cheque or postal order for the licence to:

    ", + "

    Remember to include your name, address, phone number and TV licence number, if you have one.

    ", + "

    VAT relief for disabled people

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled or have a long-term illness, you will not be charged VAT on products designed or adapted for your own personal or domestic use. Also, you will not be charged VAT on:

    ", + "
  • the installation and any extra work needed as part of this
    • ", + "
  • repairs or maintenance
    • ", + "
  • spare parts or accessories
    • ", + "

    The product and your disability have to qualify.

    ", + "

    Qualifying products or services

    ", + "

    Your supplier can tell you, but usually products designed or adapted for a disability qualify. For example, certain types of:

    ", + "
  • adjustable beds
    • ", + "
  • stair lifts
    • ", + "
  • wheelchairs
    • ", + "
  • medical appliances to help with severe injuries
    • ", + "
  • alarms
    • ", + "
  • braille paper or low vision aids - but not spectacles or contact lenses
    • ", + "
  • motor vehicles - or the leasing of a motability vehicle
    • ", + "
  • building work like ramps, widening doors, installing a lift or toilet
    • ", + "

    How to get the product VAT free

    ", + "

    To get the product VAT free your disability has to qualify. For VAT purposes, you\u2019re disabled or have a long-term illness if:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental impairment that affects your ability to carry out everyday activities, for example blindness
    • ", + "
  • you have a condition that\u2019s treated as chronic sickness, like diabetes
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re terminally ill
    • ", + "

    You do not qualify if you\u2019re elderly but not disabled, or if you\u2019re temporarily disabled.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to confirm in writing that you meet these conditions. Your supplier may give you a form for this.

    ", + "

    Help from your council

    ", + "

    You can apply to your council for equipment or help to adapt your home if you have a disability.

    ", + "

    Importing goods

    ", + "

    You do not pay VAT if you import qualifying goods that are for your own personal or domestic use. This includes certain goods for blind and partially sighted people.

    ", + "

    If you use a freight service they can help you with the paperwork, otherwise make sure the following is written on parcel, \u2018Goods for disabled people: relief claimed\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you bring them in yourself, declare them in the red channel at Customs. For any other method of import, contact the National Import Reliefs Unit.

    ", + "

    Work-related injuries or illness

    ", + "

    Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit

    ", + "

    You may be entitled to get Industrial Injuries Benefit if you\u2019re disabled as a result of:

    ", + "
  • an accident at work
    • ", + "
  • a disease
    • ", + "
  • deafness caused by work
    • ", + "

    Constant Attendance Allowance

    ", + "

    You can claim Constant Attendance Allowance if you need daily care and attention because of a disability and you claim Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit.

    ", + "

    Armed forces compensation

    ", + "

    You can claim for compensation if while serving in the armed forces:

    ", + "
  • you got an injury or illness
    • ", + "
  • an existing condition you had was made worse
    • ", + "

    Constant Attendance Allowance

    ", + "

    You can also apply for Constant Attendance Allowance if you need daily care for a disability.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Personal Independence Payment (PIP)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pip", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Personal Independence Payment (PIP) can help you with some of the extra costs if you have a long term physical or mental health condition or disability.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    The amount you get depends on how your condition affects you, not the condition itself. You\u2019ll be assessed by a health professional to work out the level of help you can get.

    ", + "

    Your carer could get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you have substantial caring needs.

    ", + "

    If you get Disability Living Allowance (DLA)

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance (DLA) is being replaced by PIP for most adults. You\u2019ll keep getting DLA if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 16
    • ", + "
  • you were born on or before 8 April 1948
    • ", + "

    If you were born after 8 April 1948, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will invite you to apply for PIP. You do not need to do anything until DWP writes to you about your DLA unless your circumstances change.

    ", + "

    Help with PIP

    ", + "

    You can contact a local support organisation or Citizens Advice to get help understanding PIP.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) whether you\u2019re working or not.

    ", + "

    You must be aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age to claim.

    ", + "

    You must also have a physical or mental health condition or disability where you:

    ", + "
  • have had difficulties with daily living or getting around (or both) for 3 months
    • ", + "
  • expect these difficulties to continue for at least 9 months
    • ", + "

    You usually need to have lived in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years, and be in one of these countries when you apply. If you\u2019ve recently returned from living in an EEA country, you might be able to get PIP sooner.

    ", + "

    Find out about PIP if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you\u2019re terminally ill and a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live.

    ", + "

    You cannot get PIP and Armed Forces Independence Payment at the same time.

    ", + "

    Daily living difficulties

    ", + "

    You may get the daily living part of PIP if you need help more than half of the time with things like:

    ", + "
  • preparing or eating food
    • ", + "
  • washing, bathing and using the toilet
    • ", + "
  • dressing and undressing
    • ", + "
  • reading and communicating
    • ", + "
  • managing your medicines or treatments
    • ", + "
  • making decisions about money
    • ", + "
  • engaging with other people
    • ", + "

    Mobility difficulties

    ", + "

    You may get the mobility part of PIP if you need help going out or moving around.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re assessed

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be assessed by an independent healthcare professional to work out the level of help you need.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve reached State Pension age

    ", + "

    You can get PIP if you:

    ", + "
  • were already getting PIP before you reached State Pension age and your condition has not changed
    • ", + "
  • have been claiming Disability Living Allowance (DLA) and you\u2019ve had a letter inviting you to apply for PIP
    • ", + "

    You may get PIP if you previously got it and you were still entitled to it within the last year.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get PIP, you can apply for Attendance Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    Living abroad

    ", + "

    You might still be able to get PIP if you:

    ", + "
  • live in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland - you can only get help with daily living needs
    • ", + "
  • are a member or family member of the Armed Forces
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a British citizen

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • normally live in or show that you intend to settle in the UK, Ireland, the Isle of Man or the Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • not be subject to immigration control (unless you\u2019re a sponsored immigrant)
    • ", + "

    You might still be able to get PIP if you are a refugee or have humanitarian protection status.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    Personal Independence Payment (PIP) is made up of 2 parts - a daily living part and a mobility part. Whether you get one or both of these and how much you\u2019ll get depends on how severely your condition affects you.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need an assessment to work out how much you\u2019ll get. Your rate will be regularly reviewed to make sure you\u2019re getting the right support.

    ", + "

    PIP is tax free. The amount you get is not affected by your income or savings.

    ", + "

    You need to tell DWP straight away if there\u2019s a change in your personal circumstances or how your condition affects you.

    ", + "

    Daily living part

    ", + "

    The weekly rate for the daily living part of PIP is either \u00a360.00 or \u00a389.60.

    ", + "

    Mobility part

    ", + "

    The weekly rate for the mobility part of PIP is either \u00a323.70 or \u00a362.55.

    ", + "

    Terminal illness

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the higher daily living part if you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months. The rate of the mobility part depends on your needs.

    ", + "

    How other benefits affect your PIP

    ", + "

    The daily living part of your PIP will be reduced if you get any of the following benefits:

    ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • War Pensioners\u2019 Mobility Supplement
    • ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    PIP is usually paid every 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    Your decision letter will tell you:

    ", + "
  • the date of your first payment
    • ", + "
  • what day of the week you\u2019ll usually be paid
    • ", + "

    If your payment date is on a bank holiday, you\u2019ll usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Other help

    ", + "

    You or your carer might also qualify for other financial help, for example Carer\u2019s Allowance, or help with housing or transport costs.

    ", + "

    If you get PIP and you work, you might also be able to get the disability element of Working Tax Credit (up to \u00a33,220 a year, or up to \u00a34,610 if your disability is severe). Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to find out.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Call the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to make a new Personal Independence Payment (PIP) claim.

    ", + "

    There is a different way to claim if you\u2019re terminally ill.

    ", + "

    Find out how to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Claim by telephone or textphone

    ", + "

    Before you call, you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your contact details, for example telephone number
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number - this is on letters about tax, pensions and benefits
    • ", + "
  • your bank or building society account number and sort code
    • ", + "
  • your doctor or health worker\u2019s name, address and telephone number
    • ", + "
  • dates and addresses for any time you\u2019ve spent in a care home or hospital
    • ", + "
  • dates for any time you spent abroad for more than 4 weeks at a time, and the countries you visited
    • ", + "

    If you need someone to help you, ask DWP to add them to your call when you:

    ", + "
  • phone
    • ", + "
  • use Relay UK
    • ", + "
  • use the video relay service
    • ", + "

    You cannot do this if you use textphone.

    ", + "

    If you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.

    ", + "

    Claim by post

    ", + "

    You can get a form to send information by post (although this can delay the decision on your claim). Write a letter to ask for the form.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll be sent a \u2018How your disability affects you\u2019 form. Call the PIP enquiry line if you need it in an alternative format such as braille, large print or audio CD.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the form using the notes that come with it to help you. You can also read Citizens Advice\u2019s help on filling in the form.
    • ", + "
  • Return the form to DWP - the address is on the form. You have 1 month to return the form. DWP will start processing your claim when they receive your form. Contact the PIP enquiry line if you need more time.
    • ", + "
  • If more information is needed, an independent health professional will send a letter inviting you to an assessment. Assessments can be in person, over the phone or by video call. You\u2019ll be asked questions about your ability to carry out activities and how your condition affects your daily life. You can read Citizens Advice\u2019s help on preparing for an assessment.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a letter that tells you whether you\u2019ll get PIP. If you do, you\u2019ll be told how much you\u2019ll get, when you\u2019ll be paid and the date your PIP will be reviewed so that you continue to get the right support.
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you\u2019ll only be invited to attend an assessment in person if more information is needed and you cannot do an assessment by phone or video call. Your invitation letter will explain how to attend your appointment safely.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply using any Disability Living Allowance (DLA) forms you may have.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    If your PIP claim is reviewed

    ", + "

    The letter you got when your Personal Independence Payment (PIP) was approved will tell you when your claim will end and if it will be reviewed.

    ", + "

    If your claim is going to be reviewed, the letter will tell you when you\u2019ll be contacted about the review.

    ", + "

    How PIP reviews work

    ", + "

    You will continue to get PIP while your claim is being reviewed.

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a letter asking you to fill in a form called \u2018Award review - how your disability affects you\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the form using the notes that come with it.
    • ", + "
  • Send the form and any supporting information you have not shared with the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) before - the form explains what to include and where to send it. You\u2019ll need to return it within 1 month. Contact the PIP enquiry line if you need more time.
    • ", + "
  • DWP will review your form. If they need more information, an independent health professional might phone you to ask some questions or send a letter inviting you to an assessment. Assessments can be in person, over the phone or by video call.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a letter that tells you what will happen with your PIP. If your needs have changed, your PIP might be increased, reduced or stopped.
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you\u2019ll only be invited to an assessment in person if more information is needed and you cannot do an assessment by phone or video call. Your invitation letter will explain how to attend your appointment safely.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You must contact the Personal Independence Payment (PIP) enquiry line if:

    ", + "
  • your personal details change, for example your name, address or doctor
    • ", + "
  • the help you need or your condition changes
    • ", + "
  • your condition has worsened and you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • you go into hospital or a care home
    • ", + "
  • you go abroad
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re imprisoned or held in detention
    • ", + "
  • your immigration status changes, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    You could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.

    ", + "

    How to report a change of circumstances

    ", + "

    Contact the PIP enquiry line to report a change of circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you need someone to help you, ask the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to add them to your call when you:

    ", + "
  • phone
    • ", + "
  • use Relay UK
    • ", + "
  • use the video relay service
    • ", + "

    You cannot do this if you use textphone.

    ", + "

    If you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    ", + "

    Claiming PIP if you're terminally ill

    ", + "

    You can get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) more quickly if you\u2019re terminally ill.

    ", + "

    You can claim PIP if:

    ", + "
  • your doctor or a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live
    • ", + "
  • you are aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim for yourself or someone else can do it for you.

    ", + "

    Call DWP to start your PIP claim. Ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500. They\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to DWP.

    ", + "

    You will not need to go to a face-to-face consultation.

    ", + "

    If you need someone to help you, ask DWP to add them to your call when you:

    ", + "
  • phone
    • ", + "
  • use Relay UK
    • ", + "
  • use the video relay service
    • ", + "

    You cannot do this if you use textphone.

    ", + "

    If you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get other benefits if you\u2019re terminally ill.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Attendance Allowance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/attendance-allowance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Attendance Allowance helps with extra costs if you have a disability severe enough that you need someone to help look after you.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    It\u2019s paid at 2 different rates and how much you get depends on the level of care that you need because of your disability.

    ", + "

    You could get \u00a360 or \u00a389.60 a week to help with personal support if you\u2019re both:

    ", + "
  • physically or mentally disabled
    • ", + "
  • State Pension age or older
    • ", + "

    It does not cover mobility needs.

    ", + "

    The other benefits you get can increase if you get Attendance Allowance.

    ", + "

    You do not have to have someone caring for you in order to claim.

    ", + "

    If you do have a carer, they could get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you have substantial caring needs.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Attendance Allowance is paid weekly at 2 different rates - the one you get depends on the level of help you need.

    ", + "

    Attendance Allowance is not means-tested - what you earn or how much you have in savings will not affect what you get.

    ", + "

    Attendance Allowance rates

    ", + "Rate | Level of help you need", + "Lower rate - \u00a360 | Frequent help or constant supervision during the day, or supervision at night", + "Higher rate - \u00a389.60 | Help or supervision throughout both day and night, or you\u2019re terminally ill", + "

    If your circumstances change, you could get a different rate. You must report a change of circumstances.

    ", + "

    You could get extra Pension Credit, Housing Benefit or Council Tax Reduction if you get Attendance Allowance - check with the helpline or office dealing with your benefit.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    All benefits are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can get Attendance Allowance if you\u2019ve reached State Pension age and the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical disability (including sensory disability, for example blindness), a mental disability (including learning difficulties), or both
    • ", + "
  • your disability is severe enough for you to need help caring for yourself or someone to supervise you, for your own or someone else\u2019s safety
    • ", + "
  • you have needed that help for at least 6 months (unless you\u2019re terminally ill)
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be in Great Britain when you claim - there are some exceptions, such as members and family members of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • have been in Great Britain for at least 2 of the last 3 years (this does not apply if you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection status)
    • ", + "
  • be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • not be subject to immigration control (unless you\u2019re a sponsored immigrant)
    • ", + "

    If you live in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    You might still be able to get Attendance Allowance if you\u2019re a UK national and you live in or move to the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Read guidance to find out if you can get benefits in the EU, EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re terminally ill

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not expected to live for more than 6 months, there are \u2018special rules\u2019:

    ", + "
  • there\u2019s no qualifying period for how long you\u2019ve had your illness
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re eligible, you\u2019ll automatically get the higher rate of Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a care home

    ", + "

    You cannot usually get Attendance Allowance if you live in a care home and your care is paid for by your local authority. You can still claim Attendance Allowance if you pay for all your care home costs yourself.

    ", + "

    If you need an assessment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only need to attend an assessment to check your eligibility if it\u2019s unclear how your illness or disability affects you.

    ", + "

    If you do need an assessment you\u2019ll get a letter saying why and where you must go. During the assessment, a healthcare professional will need to examine you.

    ", + "

    You cannot get Attendance Allowance if you already get Disability Living Allowance (DLA) or Personal Independence Payment (PIP).

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Use the Attendance Allowance claim form to apply by post. The form comes with notes telling you how to fill it in.

    ", + "

    Send the completed form to:

    ", + "

    You do not need a postcode or a stamp.

    ", + "

    Call the Attendance Allowance helpline to ask for:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the form
    • ", + "
  • alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD
    • ", + "

    Backdating your claim

    ", + "

    Attendance Allowance can be backdated to the date of your claim. This is usually the date your form is received or the date you call the enquiry line (if you then return the claim pack within 6 weeks).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re terminally ill (\u2018special rules\u2019)

    ", + "

    There are \u2018special rules\u2019 so you get Attendance Allowance more quickly if you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months. You must:

    ", + "
  • complete an Attendance Allowance form
    • ", + "
  • ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500 - they\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to DWP
    • ", + "

    You can do this on behalf of someone else without their permission. The letter about the money awarded will not mention \u2018special rules\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you\u2019ve received.

    ", + "

    Report a change in circumstances

    ", + "

    Your circumstances can affect how much Attendance Allowance you get.

    ", + "

    You must contact the Attendance Allowance helpline straight away if:

    ", + "
  • the level of help you need or your condition changes
    • ", + "
  • you go into hospital or a care home
    • ", + "
  • you leave the country for more than 4 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you go into prison
    • ", + "
  • you change your name, address or bank details
    • ", + "
  • you want to stop receiving your benefit
    • ", + "
  • your doctor\u2019s details change
    • ", + "
  • your immigration status changes, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    You could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-injuries-disablement-benefit", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might get Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) if you became ill or are disabled because of an accident or disease either:

    ", + "
  • at work
    • ", + "
  • on an approved employment training scheme or course
    • ", + "

    The amount you may get depends on your individual circumstances.

    ", + "

    Your carer could get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you have substantial caring needs.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The level of your disability will affect the amount of benefit you may get. This will be assessed by a \u2018medical advisor\u2019 on a scale of 1 to 100%.

    ", + "

    Normally you must be assessed as 14% disabled or more to get the benefit.

    ", + "

    All amounts are a guide only.

    ", + "Assessed level of disablement | Weekly amount", + "100% | \u00a3182.90", + "90% | \u00a3164.61", + "80% | \u00a3146.32", + "70% | \u00a3128.03", + "60% | \u00a3109.74", + "50% | \u00a391.45", + "40% | \u00a373.16", + "30% | \u00a354.87", + "20% | \u00a336.58", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Accidents

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) if:

    ", + "
  • you were employed when the accident or event happened
    • ", + "
  • you were on an approved employment training scheme or course when the accident or event happened
    • ", + "
  • the work accident or event that caused your illness or disability happened in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "

    There are some exceptions you can ask your regional Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit Centre about.

    ", + "

    Diseases

    ", + "

    You can claim IIDB if you were employed in a job or were on an approved employment training scheme or course that caused your disease. The scheme covers more than 70 diseases, including:

    ", + "
  • asthma
    • ", + "
  • chronic bronchitis or emphysema - also known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
    • ", + "
  • deafness
    • ", + "
  • pneumoconiosis (including silicosis and asbestosis)
    • ", + "
  • osteoarthritis of the knee in coal miners
    • ", + "
  • prescribed disease A11 (previously known as vibration white finger)
    • ", + "
  • Dupuytren\u2019s contracture
    • ", + "

    The scheme also covers asbestos related diseases including:

    ", + "
  • pneumoconiosis (asbestosis)
    • ", + "
  • diffuse mesothelioma
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung with asbestosis
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung without asbestosis but where there has been extensive occupational exposure to asbestos in specified occupations
    • ", + "
  • unilateral or bilateral diffuse pleural thickening
    • ", + "

    You can get a full list of illnesses from your regional Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit centre.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit if you were self-employed.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to fill in and post a claim form.

    ", + "

    The form comes with notes that:

    ", + "
  • help you fill it in
    • ", + "
  • tell you where to send it
    • ", + "

    Download and print a claim form

    ", + "

    To claim for:

    ", + "
  • accidents caused by work, use form BI100A
    • ", + "
  • diseases caused by work, use form BI100PD
    • ", + "

    Request a claim form by phone

    ", + "

    You can also ask Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) Centre to send you a claim form.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    After you send your form

    ", + "

    Your claim will be assessed using the information provided in your claim form, or at a face to face medical assessment.

    ", + "

    The Centre for Health and Disability Assessments (CHDA) will contact you if you need a face to face medical assessment. They\u2019ll send you information about what to expect at the appointment. Read the guidance on how to attend your face to face assessment safely because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You will not need to attend a face to face assessment if you\u2019re terminally ill or you have any of the following diseases:

    ", + "
  • diffuse mesothelioma
    • ", + "
  • angiosarcoma of the liver due to exposure to vinyl chloride monomer
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the bronchus or lung through exposure to arsenic
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the bronchus or lung through exposure to Nickel/Nickel compounds
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung where there is accompanying evidence of asbestosis
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung, through exposure to asbestos
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung, linked to tin and other specified chemicals or work with coke ovens
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung where there is accompanying silicosis
    • ", + "

    The assessment of your claim may be delayed because of coronavirus. When your claim is considered, your IIDB payments will be backdated to the date DWP received your claim form.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    If your IIDB payments are reviewed

    ", + "

    If your IIDB payments were due to be reviewed, they will automatically be extended for 6 months because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You will not have to pay back any IIDB you get.

    ", + "

    DWP will write to you to tell you that your payments are being extended.

    ", + "

    If you were given a \u2018final award\u2019 and your payments are for a limited time, they will not be extended. If the condition for which you\u2019re getting IIDB has changed, you should report the change to DWP.

    ", + "

    Illnesses that may still be reviewed

    ", + "

    Your payments may still be reviewed if you are terminally ill or you have any of the following:

    ", + "
  • diffuse mesothelioma
    • ", + "
  • angiosarcoma of the liver due to exposure to vinyl chloride monomer
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the bronchus or lung through exposure to arsenic
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the bronchus or lung through exposure to Nickel/Nickel compounds
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung where there is accompanying evidence of asbestosis
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung, through exposure to asbestos
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung, linked to tin and other specified chemicals or work with coke ovens
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung where there is accompanying silicosis
    • ", + "

    DWP will write to you to tell you if your payments will be reviewed.

    ", + "

    Report a change in circumstances

    ", + "

    You, or the person who claims on your behalf, must tell the office that deals with your payments about any changes to your circumstances or personal details. Let them know straight away if:

    ", + "
  • the condition for which you\u2019re getting benefit improves or gets worse
    • ", + "
  • you change your name or gender
    • ", + "
  • you get married or form a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you change your address
    • ", + "
  • you leave the country
    • ", + "
  • you go into prison
    • ", + "
  • your immigration status changes, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    You must also report these if you receive Unemployability Supplement, which topped up Industrial Disablement Supplement until 1987.

    ", + "

    There will be a delay in assessing your change of circumstances because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Any changes to your payments will be backdated to when you reported the change.

    ", + "

    You could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit Centres

    ", + "

    Barrow IIDB Centre

    ", + "

    Barnsley IIDB Centre

    ", + "

    Bradford IIDB Centre

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Other benefits you may be able to get

    ", + "

    Constant Attendance Allowance (CAA)

    ", + "

    You can claim CAA for accidents where your disability is assessed at 100% and you need daily care and attention.

    ", + "

    The CAA rate you\u2019re paid is based on an assessment of your needs.

    ", + "

    Exceptionally Severe Disablement Allowance

    ", + "

    You can claim \u00a373.20 paid in addition to the CAA rates, if you\u2019re assessed at one of the top 2 rates of CAA and need permanent, constant care and attention.

    ", + "

    Reduced Earnings Allowance (REA)

    ", + "

    You may get REA if:

    ", + "
  • you cannot do your usual job or other work with similar pay because of an accident or disease caused by work
    • ", + "
  • you have a disability or injury which began before 1 October 1990
    • ", + "

    Pneumoconiosis Etc. (Workers\u2019 Compensation) Act 1979

    ", + "

    Jobcentre Plus may pay you a lump sum if you have one of the following diseases:

    ", + "
  • pneumoconiosis
    • ", + "
  • byssinosis
    • ", + "
  • diffuse mesothelioma
    • ", + "
  • bilateral diffuse pleural thickening
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung when accompanied by asbestosis or bilateral diffuse pleural thickening
    • ", + "

    To get a payment you must meet all the following conditions:

    ", + "
  • your dust-related disease must have been caused by your employment
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re getting Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit for one of the listed diseases
    • ", + "
  • you must claim within 12 months of the decision awarding Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit
    • ", + "
  • you cannot or have not taken civil action because your former employer has stopped trading
    • ", + "
  • you have not brought a court action or received compensation from an employer in respect of the disease
    • ", + "

    You may be able to make a claim if you\u2019re the dependant of someone who suffered from a dust-related disease but who has died. A dependant claim must be made within 12 months of the death of the sufferer.

    ", + "

    Diffuse mesothelioma payment

    ", + "

    You may still be able to get a payment for an asbestos-related illness if you are not eligible for compensation under the Pneumoconiosis etc (Workers\u2019 Compensation) Act 1979.

    ", + "

    You can claim for the \u20182008 scheme\u2019 if you came into contact with asbestos:

    ", + "
  • while you were self employed
    • ", + "
  • through a family member, for example by washing their clothes
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different payment scheme if you were diagnosed with diffuse mesothelioma on or after 25 July 2012. You can apply for this even if you\u2019ve claimed compensation under the Pneumoconiosis etc (Workers\u2019 Compensation) Act 1979.

    ", + "

    Effects on other benefits

    ", + "

    You can still get Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) if you\u2019re claiming:

    ", + "
  • contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "
  • contribution-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • State Pension
    • ", + "

    IIDB will affect the following benefits if you or your partner are claiming them:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    It may also affect Council Tax Reduction - contact your local council for more information.

    ", + "

    Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit Centres

    ", + "

    Barrow IIDB Centre

    ", + "

    Barnsley IIDB Centre

    ", + "

    Bradford IIDB Centre

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claim if you were injured while serving in the armed forces", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-for-injury-received-while-serving", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can claim compensation if you were injured or got an illness while serving in the armed forces (including the reserve forces).

    ", + "

    Compensation may include:

    ", + "
  • a lump sum
    • ", + "
  • regular payments
    • ", + "

    What you can claim for

    ", + "

    You can claim compensation for any injury or illness that happened as a result of your service, including physical and mental conditions.

    ", + "

    You can also claim:

    ", + "
  • if you were injured during a service-related activity, eg a training exercise
    • ", + "
  • for conditions you had before service if you feel your service made them worse
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim of crime while serving abroad

    ", + "

    Find out if you qualify for the Criminal Injuries Compensation (Overseas) scheme if you were the victim of a violent crime while serving abroad.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The compensation you get depends on either:

    ", + "
  • when you were injured
    • ", + "
  • when the circumstances happened that caused your illness
    • ", + "

    What you get might be reduced if you\u2019re getting compensation from another scheme.

    ", + "

    If your injury or illness is due to service after 5 April 2005

    ", + "

    If your claim is successful, you\u2019ll get a tax-free lump sum payment between \u00a31,236 and \u00a3650,000. The amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.

    ", + "

    If you have a more serious illness or injury

    ", + "

    You may also receive a tax-free monthly payment for life when you\u2019re discharged - sometimes known as a Guaranteed Income Payment (GIP).

    ", + "

    The GIP is based on your salary, age and how severe your injury is.

    ", + "

    If your GIP payment level is 50% of your salary or more, you can also claim an Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP).

    ", + "

    If your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005

    ", + "

    If your claim is successful, you\u2019ll be awarded either:

    ", + "
  • a pension - if your disability is assessed at 20% or more
    • ", + "
  • a lump sum - if your disability is assessed at less than 20%
    • ", + "

    The amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to get other allowances if you\u2019re having problems getting around or finding a job.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    The rules for qualifying are different depending on when you were injured.

    ", + "

    If your injury or illness is due to service after 5 April 2005

    ", + "

    Claim under the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme (AFCS).

    ", + "

    To qualify you must be:

    ", + "
  • a current or former member of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • applying no later than 7 years after the injury or illness, unless you\u2019re claiming for an illness that started later (sometimes known as a \u2018late onset illness\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005

    ", + "

    Claim under the War Pension Scheme (WPS).

    ", + "

    There are no time limits for claiming under the WPS but you must be no longer serving in the armed forces.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Fill in the claim form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s the same claim form for the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme (AFCS) and War Pension Scheme (WPS).

    ", + "

    You can ask the Veterans Welfare Service (VWS) for help with making your claim.

    ", + "

    You may be contacted for more evidence in support of your claim.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a \u2018fast payment\u2019 of \u00a360,000 if you were seriously injured during service after 8 May 2011.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the decision on your claim

    ", + "

    You can write to Veterans UK to ask them reconsider their decision.

    ", + "

    You can also appeal to an independent tribunal within 12 months.

    ", + "

    Additional payments

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Personal Independence Payment (PIP) while your compensation claim is being dealt with.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to get:

    ", + "
  • other allowances if your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005
    • ", + "
  • an Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP) if you were seriously injured on or after 6 April 2005
    • ", + "

    Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP)

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve had the result of your compensation claim, you might be able to claim AFIP if you\u2019ve been seriously injured.

    ", + "

    AFIP is \u00a3151.40 per week. It\u2019s tax free and is paid every 4 weeks into your bank account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You\u2019re eligible if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were injured on or after 6 April 2005
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re given a Guaranteed Income Payment (GIP) of 50% or more
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the payment as long as you\u2019re entitled to this level of GIP. You won\u2019t be reassessed in the future.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for AFIP, you can get a PIP if you have a long-term health condition or disability.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Contact Veterans UK for a claim form. There\u2019s no deadline.

    ", + "

    Claiming other benefits with AFIP

    ", + "

    If you get AFIP you might be eligible for other benefits, eg Child Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    AFIP is not counted as income when working out your what other benefits you can claim.

    ", + "

    Your household is exempt from the benefit cap if you or your partner are getting AFIP.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Diffuse mesothelioma payments", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/diffuse-mesothelioma-payment", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a payment if you\u2019ve been diagnosed with the asbestos-related disease, diffuse mesothelioma.

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of payment you can claim for:

    ", + "
  • diffuse mesothelioma payments (the \u20182008 scheme\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • the Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)
    • ", + "

    You can claim DMPS if you cannot find the employer responsible for your contact with asbestos, or their insurer.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The 2008 scheme

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get one payment.

    ", + "

    The amount you\u2019ll get depends on how old you were when your disease was diagnosed. For example, if you were 60 when your disease was diagnosed, and you qualify, you\u2019ll get a payment of \u00a344,312.

    ", + "

    Rates

    ", + "Age when diagnosed | Payment", + "37 and under | \u00a394,296", + "38 | \u00a392,463", + "39 | \u00a390,633", + "40 | \u00a388,804", + "41 | \u00a386,971", + "42 | \u00a385,140", + "43 | \u00a384,227", + "44 | \u00a383,306", + "45 | \u00a382,394", + "46 | \u00a381,477", + "47 | \u00a380,562", + "48 | \u00a378,003", + "49 | \u00a375,440", + "50 | \u00a372,873", + "51 | \u00a370,312", + "52 | \u00a367,742", + "53 | \u00a365,913", + "54 | \u00a364,085", + "55 | \u00a362,258", + "56 | \u00a360,418", + "57 | \u00a358,587", + "58 | \u00a353,829", + "59 | \u00a349,066", + "60 | \u00a344,312", + "61 | \u00a339,550", + "62 | \u00a334,790", + "63 | \u00a331,859", + "64 | \u00a328,926", + "65 | \u00a326,001", + "66 | \u00a323,071", + "67 | \u00a320,142", + "68 | \u00a319,545", + "69 | \u00a318,946", + "70 | \u00a318,357", + "71 | \u00a317,761", + "72 | \u00a317,169", + "73 | \u00a316,662", + "74 | \u00a316,146", + "75 | \u00a315,652", + "76 | \u00a315,155", + "77 and over | \u00a314,651", + "

    Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)

    ", + "

    Your payment will depend on the details of your claim. Read about payment amounts on the DMPS website.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    The 2008 scheme

    ", + "

    You can claim a one-off payment if you:

    ", + "
  • are not entitled to a payment under the 1979 Pneumoconiosis Act
    • ", + "
  • have not been given a payment for the disease from an employer, a civil claim or elsewhere
    • ", + "
  • are not entitled to compensation from a Ministry of Defence scheme
    • ", + "

    You must have been exposed to asbestos in the United Kingdom.

    ", + "

    Examples of exposure include:

    ", + "
  • you came into contact with asbestos from a relative, for instance by washing their clothes
    • ", + "
  • you were exposed to asbestos in the environment, for instance you lived near a factory using asbestos
    • ", + "
  • you were exposed to asbestos while self-employed
    • ", + "
  • your exposure cannot be specified but it occurred in the United Kingdom
    • ", + "

    You must claim within 12 months of diagnosis.

    ", + "

    Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were diagnosed with diffuse mesothelioma on or after 25 July 2012
    • ", + "
  • your mesothelioma was caused by exposure to asbestos when working in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you cannot trace the employer that exposed you to asbestos, or their insurers
    • ", + "
  • you have not made a civil claim against any employer or insurer
    • ", + "
  • you have not received damages or a specified payment for mesothelioma and you\u2019re not eligible to a specified payment
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to claim if you were the dependant of a sufferer who has died.

    ", + "

    You can claim for DMPS even if you have already claimed from the 2008 scheme or under the 1979 Pneumoconiosis Act. If you\u2019ve already got a payment from the 2008 scheme or the Pneumoconiosis Act, it will be deducted from the amount you get from DMPS.

    ", + "

    You may still be able to claim from the 2008 scheme even if you are unsuccessful in your DMPS claim.

    ", + "

    Claims through the DMPS scheme must be made within 3 years of diagnosis.

    ", + "

    Payments for dependants

    ", + "

    The 2008 scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim if you were the dependant of a sufferer who has died. You must claim within 12 months of their death.

    ", + "

    Contact Barrow Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) Centre to find out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Rates

    ", + "

    If you qualify, you\u2019ll get one payment. The amount will depend on how old the person with mesothelioma was when they died. For example, if they were 60 when they died, and you qualify, you\u2019ll get a payment of \u00a319,182.

    ", + "Age of death | Payment", + "37 and under | \u00a349,073", + "38 | \u00a348,018", + "39 | \u00a346,965", + "40 | \u00a345,913", + "41 | \u00a344,860", + "42 | \u00a343,808", + "43 | \u00a342,800", + "44 | \u00a341,784", + "45 | \u00a340,783", + "46 | \u00a339,777", + "47 | \u00a338,772", + "48 | \u00a337,536", + "49 | \u00a336,297", + "50 | \u00a335,063", + "51 | \u00a333,831", + "52 | \u00a332,596", + "53 | \u00a331,583", + "54 | \u00a330,580", + "55 | \u00a329,573", + "56 | \u00a328,559", + "57 | \u00a327,555", + "58 | \u00a324,768", + "59 | \u00a321,971", + "60 | \u00a319,182", + "61 | \u00a316,389", + "62 | \u00a313,593", + "63 | \u00a312,795", + "64 | \u00a312,003", + "65 | \u00a311,191", + "66 | \u00a310,392", + "67 and over | \u00a38,124", + "

    Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)

    ", + "

    Your payment will depend on the details of your claim. Read about payment amounts on the DMPS website.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    The 2008 scheme

    ", + "

    Fill in a mesothelioma payment claim form and provide medical evidence.

    ", + "

    Contact Barrow Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) Centre if you cannot print out a form and you need one sent to you.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Contact the Barrow IIDB Centre to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    You must claim within 12 months of diagnosis. If you\u2019re a dependant claiming for a sufferer who is now deceased, you must claim within 12 months from the date of their death.

    ", + "

    Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)

    ", + "

    You can apply online at the DMPS website.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • your full employment history, with evidence - for example, P60s
    • ", + "
  • evidence of unsuccessful attempts to trace your employer or insurers
    • ", + "
  • the date of your diagnosis
    • ", + "
  • evidence of diagnosis
    • ", + "
  • details of any previous claims
    • ", + "
  • a witness statement
    • ", + "

    Contact TopMark for more information on the DMPS and how to apply.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for a mandatory review.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the outcome of the mandatory review, you can appeal to to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal. The tribunal is impartial and independent of government.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the tribunal within one month of getting the mandatory review decision. If you submit your appeal after a month you\u2019ll have to explain why you did not do it earlier.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form SSCS6a and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to choose whether you want to go to the tribunal hearing to explain your case. If you do not attend, your appeal will be decided on your appeal form and any supporting evidence.

    ", + "

    After you submit your appeal, you can provide evidence. Your appeal and the evidence will be discussed at a hearing by a judge and one or two experts. The judge will then make a decision.

    ", + "

    It usually takes around 6 months for your appeal to be heard by the tribunal.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Reduced Earnings Allowance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reduced-earnings-allowance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you cannot earn as much as you used to because of an accident or disease caused by your work, you could get up to \u00a373.16 per week Reduced Earnings Allowance.

    ", + "

    You can only get it for accidents that happened, or diseases that started, before 1 October 1990.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB).

    ", + "

    Effect on other benefits

    ", + "

    Reduced Earnings Allowance could affect any income-related benefits that you or your partner get.

    ", + "

    Contact the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre for details.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You could get up to \u00a373.16 per week.

    ", + "

    What you get depends on how much you earn in your regular employment.

    ", + "

    Ask the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre about how much you can get.

    ", + "

    Reduced Earnings Allowance will be replaced by another benefit called Retirement Allowance if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you reach State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not in regular employment
    • ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You could get Reduced Earnings Allowance if you have an illness or disability caused by a work-related accident or disease that happened before 1 October 1990.

    ", + "

    You must also meet all of the following criteria:

    ", + "
  • your level of disability is assessed to be at least 1%
    • ", + "
  • you cannot return to your regular occupation
    • ", + "
  • you cannot do other work with the same level of earnings as your regular occupation
    • ", + "

    Going abroad

    ", + "

    If you leave the UK to live abroad permanently, you may not be able to get Reduced Earnings Allowance.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get benefits if you move to the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    For temporary visits to countries outside the EEA, you can usually claim for the first 3 months of your stay.

    ", + "

    This can be longer in special circumstances - check with the International Pensions Centre to see if you qualify.

    ", + "

    Your circumstances change

    ", + "

    Tell the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre straight away if your circumstances change, for example:

    ", + "
  • you stop or start work
    • ", + "
  • you change your occupation
    • ", + "
  • your earnings change
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to fill in and post a claim form.

    ", + "

    Contact the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre to get a form.

    ", + "

    The form comes with notes that will:

    ", + "
  • help you fill it in
    • ", + "
  • tell you where to send it
    • ", + "

    Claim straight away or you might lose benefit.

    ", + "

    Contact the Barnsley IIDB centre

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Blind Person's Allowance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/blind-persons-allowance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Blind Person\u2019s Allowance is an extra amount of tax-free allowance.

    ", + "

    It means you can earn more before you start paying Income Tax.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Blind Person\u2019s Allowance is added to your yearly Personal Allowance - the amount of money you can earn before you start paying Income Tax.

    ", + "Tax year | Blind Person\u2019s Allowance", + "2021 to 2022 | \u00a32,520", + "2020 to 2021 | \u00a32,500", + "

    If you and your spouse or civil partner are both eligible, you\u2019ll each get an allowance.

    ", + "

    You can transfer your Blind Person\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner if you do not pay tax or earn enough to use all of your allowance.

    ", + "

    Previous tax years

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) publishes tables with tax rates that include Blind Person\u2019s Allowance for current and past tax years.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    England and Wales

    ", + "

    You can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re registered with your local council as blind or severely sight impaired
    • ", + "
  • you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)
    • ", + "

    Scotland and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you cannot do work for which eyesight is essential
    • ", + "
  • you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to claim.

    ", + "

    Transfer your allowance

    ", + "

    You can transfer your Blind Person\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner if you do not pay tax or cannot use all of it.

    ", + "

    You can do this:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • whether or not your spouse or civil partner is blind
    • ", + "

    You can still transfer your allowance if you\u2019re unable to live with your spouse or civil partner because of:

    ", + "
  • illness or old age, for example where your spouse or partner is in residential care
    • ", + "
  • working away from home
    • ", + "
  • an armed forces posting
    • ", + "
  • being in prison
    • ", + "
  • training or education
    • ", + "

    How to transfer your allowance

    ", + "

    To transfer your allowance to a spouse or civil partner, use form 575 or call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get the option to transfer any Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making a claim to get tax back on savings and investment interest using form R40 you can also ask for a copy of form 575 by ticking the appropriate box.

    ", + "

    Get the form in another format

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you need the form in a different format, for example Braille.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Vaccine Damage Payment", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vaccine-damage-payment", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re severely disabled as a result of a vaccination against certain diseases, you could get a one-off tax-free payment of \u00a3120,000. This is called a Vaccine Damage Payment.

    ", + "

    Effect on benefits you receive

    ", + "

    A Vaccine Damage Payment can affect benefits and entitlements like:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax Reduction
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "

    The effect the payment will have depends on a number of things. This includes the payment being put into a trust and the payments being made from it.

    ", + "

    You should let the office that deals with your benefit or tax credit claim know if you\u2019ve got a Vaccine Damage Payment. You can get contact details from letters they have sent you.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    A Vaccine Damage Payment is a tax free one-off payment of \u00a3120,000.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get payment direct to you or, if you\u2019re under 18 or cannot manage your own affairs, payment will be made to trustees.

    ", + "

    If you live with your family, your parents may be appointed as trustees.

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, for example your bank account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You could get a payment if you\u2019re severely disabled and your disability was caused by vaccination against any of the following diseases:

    ", + "
  • coronavirus (COVID-19)
    • ", + "
  • diphtheria
    • ", + "
  • haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
    • ", + "
  • human papillomavirus
    • ", + "
  • influenza, except for influenza caused by a pandemic influenza virus
    • ", + "
  • measles
    • ", + "
  • meningococcal group B (meningitis B)
    • ", + "
  • meningococcal group C (meningitis C)
    • ", + "
  • meningococcal group W (meningitis W)
    • ", + "
  • mumps
    • ", + "
  • pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 (swine flu) - up to 31 August 2010
    • ", + "
  • pertussis (whooping cough)
    • ", + "
  • pneumococcal infection
    • ", + "
  • poliomyelitis
    • ", + "
  • rotavirus
    • ", + "
  • rubella (German measles)
    • ", + "
  • smallpox - up to 1 August 1971
    • ", + "
  • tetanus
    • ", + "
  • tuberculosis (TB)
    • ", + "

    You may have had a combined vaccination against a number of the diseases listed. For example, you might have been vaccinated against DTP (diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis) or MMR (measles, mumps and rubella).

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get a payment if you\u2019re severely disabled because either:

    ", + "
  • your mother was vaccinated against one of the diseases in the list while she was pregnant
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in close physical contact with someone who\u2019s had an oral vaccine against poliomyelitis
    • ", + "

    What counts as \u2018severely disabled\u2019

    ", + "

    Disablement is worked out as a percentage, and \u2018severe disablement\u2019 means at least 60% disabled.

    ", + "

    This could be a mental or physical disablement and will be based on medical evidence from the doctors or hospitals involved in your treatment.

    ", + "

    When and where the vaccination must have taken place

    ", + "

    You must normally have been vaccinated before your 18th birthday, unless the vaccination was during an outbreak of disease in the UK or the Isle of Man, or it was against:

    ", + "
  • coronavirus (COVID-19)
    • ", + "
  • poliomyelitis
    • ", + "
  • rubella
    • ", + "
  • meningococcal group C
    • ", + "
  • human papillomavirus
    • ", + "
  • pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 (swine flu)
    • ", + "
  • meningococcal group W before your 26th birthday
    • ", + "
  • influenza
    • ", + "

    The vaccination must have been given in the UK or the Isle of Man, unless you were vaccinated as part of your armed forces medical treatment.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Apply by filling out a claim form. If you\u2019re under 16, your parent or guardian should claim on your behalf.

    ", + "

    Send it to:

    ", + "

    You can also contact the Vaccine Damage Payments Unit to ask for a claim form:

    ", + "

    Time limits on making a claim

    ", + "

    You can only claim for a child once they are 2 years old.

    ", + "

    To claim for an adult, apply by whichever is the latest of the following dates:

    ", + "
  • on or before their 21st birthday (or if they\u2019ve died, the date they would have reached 21)
    • ", + "
  • within 6 years of the vaccination
    • ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reversal\u2019

    ", + "

    If the decision was made after 27 October 2013

    ", + "

    Write to the Vaccine Damage Payments Unit. You must:

    ", + "
  • explain why you think the decision is wrong
    • ", + "
  • include any new evidence to support your application - only include evidence you have not already sent
    • ", + "

    You need to include:

    ", + "
  • the date of the original payment decision
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "

    If the decision was made on or before 27 October 2013

    ", + "

    Contact the Vaccine Damage Payments Unit for advice on challenging the decision.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The original decision will be reviewed. The Department for Work and Pensions will send you a new decision if they think it should be changed.

    ", + "

    If they do not think the decision should be changed, you\u2019ll get a \u2018mandatory reversal notice\u2019 that will explain the reasons why. This will include the information you need to be able to appeal.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the outcome

    ", + "

    You can ask for mandatory reversal again - there\u2019s no limit on the number of times you can make this request, and no time limit.

    ", + "

    You can also appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal. The tribunal is impartial and independent of government.

    ", + "

    There is no time limit for requesting an appeal.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form SSCS1 and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to choose whether you want to go to the tribunal hearing to explain your case. If you do not attend, your appeal will be decided on your appeal form and any supporting evidence.

    ", + "

    After you submit your appeal, you can provide evidence. Your appeal and the evidence will be discussed at a hearing by a judge and one or two experts, for example a doctor. The judge will then make a decision.

    ", + "

    It usually takes around 6 months for for your appeal to be heard by the tribunal.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Help if you're a student with a learning difficulty, health problem or disability", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-students-allowance-dsa", + "contents": [ + "

    Disabled Students' Allowance

    ", + "

    Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) is support to cover the study-related costs you have because of a mental health problem, long term illness or any other disability.

    ", + "

    This can be on its own or in addition to any student finance you get.

    ", + "

    The type of support and how much you get depends on your individual needs - not your household income.

    ", + "

    You do not need to pay back DSA.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    2021 to 2022 academic year

    ", + "

    Undergraduate and postgraduate students can get up to \u00a325,000 a year for support.

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + " | Specialist equipment allowance | Non-medical helper allowance | General allowance", + "Full-time undergraduate students | Up to \u00a35,849 for the whole course | Up to \u00a323,258 a year | Up to \u00a31,954 a year", + "Part-time undergraduate students | Up to \u00a35,849 for the whole course | Up to \u00a317,443 a year | Up to \u00a31,465 a year", + "

    Postgraduates can get support of up to \u00a320,580 a year.

    ", + "

    These figures are the maximum amounts - most students get less.

    ", + "

    What DSA can pay for

    ", + "

    You can get help with the costs of:

    ", + "
  • specialist equipment, for example a computer if you need one because of your disability
    • ", + "
  • non-medical helpers, for example a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter or specialist note taker
    • ", + "
  • extra travel to attend your course or placement because of your disability
    • ", + "
  • other disability-related study support, for example having to print additional copies of documents for proof-reading
    • ", + "

    DSA does not cover disability-related costs you\u2019d have if you were not attending a course, or costs that any student might have.

    ", + "

    Buying a new computer

    ", + "

    You may get a new computer if you\u2019re assessed as needing one because:

    ", + "
  • you do not already have one
    • ", + "
  • your current one does not meet your study needs
    • ", + "

    When buying a new computer, you\u2019ll need to pay the first \u00a3200.

    ", + "

    The DSA team will send you more information about this after your needs assessment.

    ", + "

    Your \u2018needs assessment\u2019

    ", + "

    Once your eligibility for DSA is confirmed, Student Finance England may ask you to contact an assessment centre to work out what help you need.

    ", + "

    This is known as a needs assessment. Do not book this until Student Finance England asks you to.

    ", + "

    The assessment is paid for through any DSA entitlement you may have.

    ", + "

    After the assessment, you\u2019ll get a report listing equipment and other support you can get for your course.

    ", + "

    Do not buy any equipment until you\u2019ve been assessed - you will not be reimbursed for it.

    ", + "

    How DSA is paid

    ", + "

    Money is paid either into your bank account or directly to the organisation providing the service or equipment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find out how your support will be paid to you after your needs assessment.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) if you live in England and have a disability that affects your ability to study, such as a:

    ", + "
  • specific learning difficulty, for example dyslexia or ADHD
    • ", + "
  • mental health condition, for example anxiety or depression
    • ", + "
  • physical disability, for example if you have to use crutches, a wheelchair or a special keyboard
    • ", + "
  • sensory disability, for example if you\u2019re visually impaired, deaf or have a hearing impairment
    • ", + "
  • long-term health condition, for example cancer, chronic heart disease or HIV
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be an undergraduate or postgraduate student (including Open University or distance learning)
    • ", + "
  • qualify for student finance from Student Finance England
    • ", + "
  • be studying on a course that lasts at least a year
    • ", + "

    Who is not eligible

    ", + "

    You cannot get DSA from Student Finance England if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an EU student who is eligible for fee support only
    • ", + "
  • eligible for NHS Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances (this is a separate scheme)
    • ", + "
  • getting equivalent support from another funding source, like from your university or a social work bursary
    • ", + "

    Proving you\u2019re eligible

    ", + "

    You will not automatically get DSA - you need proof of your eligibility.

    ", + "Condition | Proof", + "Disabilities or long-term health condition | A copy of a report or letter from your doctor or consultant - you can also fill in the disability evidence form (PDF, 65KB)", + "Mental health condition | A copy of a report or letter from your doctor or consultant - you can also fill in the disability evidence form (PDF, 65KB)", + "Specific learning difficulty such as dyslexia | A copy of a \u2018diagnostic assessment\u2019 from a practitioner psychologist or suitably qualified specialist teacher", + "

    You could get extra help to pay for a new diagnostic assessment.

    ", + "

    Where to send letters or reports from a doctor

    ", + "

    You can send proof of a health condition or learning disability to Student Finance England through your online account - if you have one. You can also send your proof by email or post.

    ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    Your course must be in the UK and one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd
    • ", + "
  • a Foundation Degree
    • ", + "
  • a Certificate of Higher Education
    • ", + "
  • a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Certificate (HNC)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Diploma (HND)
    • ", + "
  • a Postgraduate Certificate of Education (PGCE)
    • ", + "
  • a postgraduate course
    • ", + "
  • Initial Teacher Training
    • ", + "

    Check with your university or college that your course is recognised.

    ", + "

    Part-time course intensity

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    For part-time students, your course intensity can affect how much DSA you get.

    ", + "

    \u2018Course intensity\u2019 means how long your course takes to complete each year compared to an equivalent full-time course. You can check course intensity with your university or college.

    ", + "

    The rules are different depending on your course.

    ", + "

    Part-time undergraduate courses

    ", + "

    Your course cannot be more than 4 times longer than the equivalent full-time course. Your course must last at least a year.

    ", + "

    Part-time postgraduate master\u2019s courses

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for a Postgraduate Loan for a part-time master\u2019s degree, the course must not last more than twice as long as the full-time equivalent.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    How you apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) depends on whether you\u2019re studying full-time or part-time.

    ", + "

    Full-time students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already applied for student finance

    ", + "

    Sign in to your student finance account to start your DSA application.

    ", + "

    The application for DSA should be on your \u2018to-do list\u2019 if you chose DSA in your application for other support. If it is not, select \u2018change your circumstances\u2019 to apply.

    ", + "

    If you do not have an online account because you applied for student finance by post, fill in a student finance form (form DSA1).

    ", + "

    If you have not applied for student finance

    ", + "

    You can apply for DSA when you apply for student finance online.

    ", + "

    If you do not need student finance, you can fill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to apply just for DSA.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for student finance online once you\u2019ve applied for DSA.

    ", + "

    Part-time students

    ", + "

    Fill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to apply for DSA.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already getting DSA

    ", + "

    Fill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to claim back your expenses.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get confirmation of whether your application is successful within 6 weeks.

    ", + "

    It can take up to 14 weeks to get your DSA support in place as this is done separately.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Contact the disability adviser at your university or college if you need advice about financial help.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change

    ", + "

    Contact Student Finance England if your circumstances change as this may affect what you\u2019re entitled to. For example, if your condition gets worse you may be able to get extra help.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can ask for an explanation or to have your case reviewed if your application is turned down. Contact Student Finance England for more details.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Carer's Allowance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-allowance", + "contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You could get \u00a367.60 a week if you care for someone at least 35 hours a week and they get certain benefits.

    ", + "

    You do not have to be related to, or live with, the person you care for.

    ", + "

    You do not get paid extra if you care for more than one person.

    ", + "

    If someone else also cares for the same person as you, only one of you can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    Carer\u2019s Allowance can affect the other benefits that you and the person you care for get. You have to pay tax on it if your income is over the Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if you provide care remotely during the coronavirus outbreak. This includes giving emotional support over the phone or online.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    You can choose to be paid weekly in advance or every 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    It will be paid into an account, for example your bank account.

    ", + "

    What else you can get

    ", + "

    For each week you get Carer\u2019s Allowance you\u2019ll automatically get National Insurance credits.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to apply for:

    ", + "
  • support from your local council
    • ", + "
  • a Council Tax Reduction
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit if you\u2019re on a low income or out of work
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit if you\u2019re over working age
    • ", + "
  • grants and bursaries to help pay for courses and training
    • ", + "
  • Income Support (if you get the severe disability premium and you\u2019re on a low income)
    • ", + "
  • income-based Employment and Support Allowance (if you get the severe disability premium and you cannot work)
    • ", + "

    If you live in Scotland and get Carer\u2019s Allowance, you may also get Carer\u2019s Allowance Supplement.

    ", + "

    Get help and advice

    ", + "

    You can get more help and advice from:

    ", + "
  • Carers UK
    • ", + "
  • Carers Trust
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • NHS: Carers Direct helpline
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance if you, the person you care for and the type of care you provide meets certain criteria.

    ", + "

    The person you care for

    ", + "

    The person you care for must already get one of these benefits:

    ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment - daily living component
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance - the middle or highest care rate
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance at or above the normal maximum rate with an Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance at the basic (full day) rate with a War Disablement Pension
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    If someone else also cares for the same person as you, only one of you can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    The type of care you provide

    ", + "

    You need to spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone. This can include:

    ", + "
  • helping with washing and cooking
    • ", + "
  • taking the person you care for to a doctor\u2019s appointment
    • ", + "
  • helping with household tasks, like managing bills and shopping
    • ", + "

    If you or the person you care for are affected by coronavirus, you can still claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if you provide care remotely. This includes giving emotional support over the phone or online.

    ", + "

    Your eligibility

    ", + "

    All of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years (this does not apply if you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection status)
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in England, Scotland or Wales, or you live abroad as a member of the armed forces (you might still be eligible if you\u2019re moving to or already living in an EEA country or Switzerland)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not in full-time education
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not studying for 21 hours a week or more
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not subject to immigration control
    • ", + "
  • your earnings are \u00a3128 or less a week after tax, National Insurance and expenses
    • ", + "

    If your earnings are sometimes more than \u00a3128 a week you might still be eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance. Your average earnings may be calculated to work out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Calculating your earnings

    ", + "

    Your earnings are any income from employment and self-employment after tax, National Insurance and expenses.

    ", + "

    Expenses can include:

    ", + "
  • 50% of your pension contributions
    • ", + "
  • equipment you need to do your job, for example specialist clothing
    • ", + "
  • travel costs between different workplaces that are not paid for by your employer, for example fuel or train fares
    • ", + "
  • business costs if you\u2019re self-employed, for example a computer you only use for work
    • ", + "

    If you pay a carer to look after the disabled person or your children while you work, you can treat care costs that are less than or equal to 50% of your earnings as an expense. The carer must not be your spouse, partner, parent, child or sibling.

    ", + "

    Payments that do not count as earnings include:

    ", + "
  • money received from an occupational or private pension
    • ", + "
  • contributions towards your living or accommodation costs from someone you live with (they cannot be a tenant or boarder)
    • ", + "
  • the first \u00a320 a week and 50% of the rest of any income you make from someone boarding in your home
    • ", + "
  • a loan or advance payment from your employer
    • ", + "

    If you get State Pension

    ", + "

    You cannot get the full amount of both Carer\u2019s Allowance and your State Pension at the same time.

    ", + "

    If your pension is \u00a367.60 a week or more, you will not get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment.

    ", + "

    If your pension is less than \u00a367.60 a week, you\u2019ll get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment to make up the difference.

    ", + "

    If you get Pension Credit

    ", + "

    If your State Pension is more than \u00a367.60 a week, you will not get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment but your Pension Credit payments will increase instead.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re not eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    Effect on other benefits

    ", + "

    Carer\u2019s Allowance can affect the other benefits that both you and the person you care for get.

    ", + "

    Effect on the benefits of the person you care for

    ", + "

    When you claim Carer\u2019s Allowance, the person you care for will stop getting:

    ", + "
  • a severe disability premium paid with their benefits
    • ", + "
  • an extra amount for severe disability paid with Pension Credit, if they get one
    • ", + "

    They might also stop getting reduced Council Tax. Contact their local council to find out if this affects them.

    ", + "

    Effect on your benefits

    ", + "

    When you claim Carer\u2019s Allowance your other benefit payments may change, but your total benefit payments will usually either go up or stay the same.

    ", + "

    Carer\u2019s Allowance does not count towards the benefit cap.

    ", + "

    If you get Working Tax Credit or Child Tax Credit, you must contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to tell them about your Carer\u2019s Allowance claim.

    ", + "

    If you get Pension Credit, your payments will increase if you\u2019re eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    If you delay claiming your State Pension, this could increase the State Pension payments you get when you decide to claim it. You cannot build up extra State Pension during any period you get Carer\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to work out how your other benefits will be affected.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    Before you apply make sure you have your:

    ", + "
  • National Insurance number (if you have a partner you\u2019ll need theirs too)
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society details (unless you get your State Pension)
    • ", + "
  • employment details and latest payslip if you\u2019re working
    • ", + "
  • P45 if you\u2019ve recently finished work
    • ", + "
  • course details if you\u2019re studying
    • ", + "
  • details of any expenses, for example pension contributions or the cost of caring for your children or the disabled person while you\u2019re at work
    • ", + "

    You also need details of the person you care for. You need their:

    ", + "
  • date of birth and address
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance number if they\u2019re 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance reference if they\u2019re under 16
    • ", + "

    You can backdate your claim by up to 3 months.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Other ways to apply

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online, you can apply by post. The address to send your application to is at the end of the form.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Report a change in circumstances

    ", + "

    You must report changes in your circumstances if you\u2019re claiming or have applied for Carer\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    Changes can include:

    ", + "
  • starting a job
    • ", + "
  • starting or ending full-time education
    • ", + "
  • changes to your income
    • ", + "
  • stopping being a carer
    • ", + "
  • the person you care for no longer getting their disability benefit
    • ", + "
  • someone else who cares for the same person claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance instead of you
    • ", + "
  • someone else who cares for the same person claims the carer\u2019s element of Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    You must tell the Department for Work and Pensions if the person you\u2019re caring for dies.

    ", + "

    You could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you temporarily stop providing care for someone

    ", + "

    You can still get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you temporarily stop providing care. This means any period when you spend less than 35 hours a week caring for the other person.

    ", + "

    The person you care for must still receive their disability benefit.

    ", + "

    You must tell DWP if you temporarily stop providing care and:

    ", + "
  • you or the person you care for will be in hospital, a nursing home, or respite care for more than 12 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you stop caring for more than 28 days for any other reason
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re working

    ", + "

    You can work and get Carer\u2019s Allowance, as long as you spend at least 35 hours in your caring role.

    ", + "

    You can get support for you or the person you care for from your employer, local councils and other organisations.

    ", + "

    Time off for an emergency

    ", + "

    You can ask your employer for time off to deal with an emergency involving someone else who depends on you for care. How much time off you get depends on your situation.

    ", + "

    If you do not qualify for time off, your employer may allow you \u2018compassionate leave\u2019 for emergency situations.

    ", + "

    Flexible working

    ", + "

    If you need to work more flexibly, for example work part-time or work from home, you can request flexible working.

    ", + "

    You do not have to tell your employer about your caring role or give another reason why you need to work more flexibly.

    ", + "

    Respite care or \u2018short break\u2019 care

    ", + "

    If you need someone to help look after the person you care for while you\u2019re at work, you can apply for respite care (also known as \u2018short break\u2019 care).

    ", + "

    Respite care options include:

    ", + "
  • getting a paid carer or a volunteer to sit with the person you look after for a few hours
    • ", + "
  • a regular place in a day care centre for the person you care for
    • ", + "

    Your local council may pay for respite care but you and the person you care for will need an assessment before you can apply.

    ", + "

    Contact your local authority for information about local support.

    ", + "

    Advice on starting work

    ", + "

    If you need help starting or returning to work, contact your local Jobcentre Plus for help on how to combine work with your caring responsibilities.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Carer's Credit", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-credit", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You could get Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re caring for someone for at least 20 hours a week.

    ", + "

    Carer\u2019s Credit is a National Insurance credit that helps with gaps in your National Insurance record. Your State Pension is based on your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    Your income, savings or investments will not affect eligibility for Carer\u2019s Credit.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for Carer\u2019s Credit, you can get credits to help fill gaps in your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    This means you can take on caring responsibilities without affecting your ability to qualify for the State Pension.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To get Carer\u2019s Credit you must be:

    ", + "
  • aged 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • under State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • looking after one or more people for at least 20 hours a week
    • ", + "

    The person you\u2019re looking after must get one of the following:

    ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance care component at the middle or highest rate
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment - daily living component, at the standard or enhanced rate
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    If the person you\u2019re caring for does not get one of these benefits, you may still be able to get Carer\u2019s Credit. When you apply, fill in the \u2018Care Certificate\u2019 part of the application form and get a health or social care professional to sign it.

    ", + "

    Carers who do not qualify for Carer\u2019s Allowance may qualify for Carer\u2019s Credit.

    ", + "

    Breaks in caring and eligibility

    ", + "

    You can still get Carer\u2019s Credit even if you have breaks from caring (up to 12 weeks in a row).

    ", + "

    For example, you\u2019ll still get Carer\u2019s Credit for 12 weeks if:

    ", + "
  • you take a short holiday
    • ", + "
  • someone you look after goes into hospital
    • ", + "
  • you go into hospital
    • ", + "

    Keep the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit updated if you have a break in caring of more than 12 weeks in a row.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Before you start

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply for Carer\u2019s Credit if you:

    ", + "
  • get Carer\u2019s Allowance - you\u2019ll automatically get credits
    • ", + "
  • get Child Benefit for a child under the age of 12 - you\u2019ll automatically get credits
    • ", + "
  • are a foster carer - you can apply for National Insurance credits instead
    • ", + "

    Apply using a form

    ", + "

    Download the Carer\u2019s Credit claim form.

    ", + "

    The form includes a Care Certificate - ask a health or social care professional to sign it for you.

    ", + "

    You can also get the form by calling the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    Where to send your form

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Housing Benefit", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/housing-benefit", + "contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit can help you pay your rent if you\u2019re unemployed, on a low income or claiming benefits. It\u2019s being replaced by Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    You can only make a new claim for Housing Benefit if either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have reached State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in supported, sheltered or temporary housing
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ve reached State Pension age

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single you can make a new claim for Housing Benefit.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over State Pension age and live with your partner

    ", + "

    You can make a new claim for Housing Benefit if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you and your partner have both reached State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • one of you has reached State Pension age and started claiming Pension Credit (for you as a couple) before 15 May 2019
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in supported, sheltered or temporary housing
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re over State Pension age and have an existing claim

    ", + "

    Your existing claim will not be affected if, before 15 May 2019, you:

    ", + "
  • were getting Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • had reached State Pension age
    • ", + "

    It does not matter if your partner is under State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change and your Housing Benefit is stopped, you cannot start getting it again unless you and your partner are eligible to make a new claim.

    ", + "

    You can apply for Universal Credit if you\u2019re not eligible.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in supported, sheltered or temporary housing

    ", + "

    You can make a new claim if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re living in temporary accommodation, such as a B&B arranged by your council
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re living in a refuge for survivors of domestic abuse
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re living in sheltered or supported housing (such as a hostel) which provides you with \u2018care, support or supervision\u2019
    • ", + "

    If you do not get \u2018care, support or supervision\u2019 through your supported or sheltered housing, you can apply for Universal Credit to help with housing costs.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in supported, sheltered or temporary housing, you can apply for Universal Credit to help with other living costs.

    ", + "

    When you may not be able to claim

    ", + "

    Usually, you will not get Housing Benefit if:

    ", + "
  • your savings are over \u00a316,000 - unless you get Guarantee Credit of Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re paying a mortgage on your own home - you may be able to get Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI)
    • ", + "
  • you live in the home of a close relative
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re already claiming Universal Credit (unless you\u2019re in temporary or supported housing)
    • ", + "
  • you live with your partner and they are already claiming Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a full-time student
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re residing in the UK as a European Economic Area jobseeker
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an asylum seeker or sponsored to be in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re subject to immigration control and your granted leave states that you cannot claim public funds
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a Crown Tenant
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve reached State Pension age but your live-in partner has not - unless you had an existing claim as a couple before 15 May 2019
    • ", + "

    You may be able to get other help with housing costs.

    ", + "

    If not, you\u2019ll need to claim Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to check if you can get Housing Benefit before you apply

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You may get help with all or part of your rent. There\u2019s no set amount of Housing Benefit and what you get will depend on whether you rent privately or from a council.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to work out what you could get or check what extra help is available.

    ", + "

    Council and social housing rent

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • your \u2018eligible\u2019 rent
    • ", + "
  • if you have a spare room
    • ", + "
  • your household income - including benefits, pensions and savings (over \u00a36,000)
    • ", + "
  • your circumstances, for example the age of people in the house or if someone has a disability
    • ", + "

    Eligible rent

    ", + "

    Your eligible rent is the amount used to calculate your Housing Benefit claim. It\u2019s your actual rent plus any service charges you have to pay (such as for lift maintenance or a communal laundry) but not things like heating or water costs for your home.

    ", + "

    Spare bedrooms

    ", + "

    Your Housing Benefit could be reduced if you live in council or social housing and have a spare bedroom. The reduction is:

    ", + "
  • 14% of the \u2018eligible rent\u2019 for 1 spare bedroom
    • ", + "
  • 25% of the \u2018eligible rent\u2019 for 2 or more spare bedrooms
    • ", + "

    Sharing bedrooms

    ", + "

    The following are expected to share:

    ", + "
  • an adult couple
    • ", + "
  • 2 children under 16 of the same sex
    • ", + "
  • 2 children under 10 (regardless of sex)
    • ", + "

    The following can have their own bedroom:

    ", + "
  • a single adult (16 or over)
    • ", + "
  • a child that would normally share but shared bedrooms are already taken, for example you have 3 children and 2 already share
    • ", + "
  • a couple or children who cannot share because of a disability or medical condition
    • ", + "
  • an overnight carer for you, your partner, your child or another adult - this is only if the carer does not live with you but sometimes has to stay overnight
    • ", + "

    One spare bedroom is allowed for:

    ", + "
  • an approved foster carer who is between placements but only for up to 52 weeks from the end of the last placement
    • ", + "
  • a newly approved foster carer for up to 52 weeks from the date of approval if no child is placed with them during that time
    • ", + "

    Rooms used by students and members of the armed or reserve forces will not be counted as \u2018spare\u2019 if they\u2019re away and intend to return home.

    ", + "

    Private rent

    ", + "

    If you rent privately, your eligible rent amount is either your Local Housing Allowance (LHA) rate or your actual rent, whichever is lower. The LHA rate is based on:

    ", + "
  • where you live
    • ", + "
  • your household size - find out how many bedrooms you\u2019re eligible for
    • ", + "

    How much you can get

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • the lower figure of your \u2018eligible\u2019 rent or LHA rate
    • ", + "
  • your household income including benefits, pensions and savings (over \u00a36,000)
    • ", + "
  • your circumstances (for example your age or whether you have a disability)
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council if you\u2019re living in:

    ", + "
  • a houseboat or a mooring
    • ", + "
  • a caravan site
    • ", + "
  • a room with any meals included in the rent (sometimes known as a boarding home)
    • ", + "
  • a hostel
    • ", + "
  • a Rent Act protected property
    • ", + "

    Exception

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been getting Housing Benefit since before 7 April 2008, these limits only apply if you:

    ", + "
  • change address
    • ", + "
  • have a break in your claim for Housing Benefit
    • ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    The way you get paid Housing Benefit by your council depends on the type of tenant you are.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • council tenant, it\u2019s paid into your rent account (you will not receive the money)
    • ", + "
  • private or housing association tenant, it\u2019s paid into your bank or building society account (rarely by cheque)
    • ", + "

    The benefit cap

    ", + "

    The benefit cap limits the total amount of benefit you can get. It applies to most people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re affected, your Housing Benefit will go down to make sure that the total amount of benefit you get is not more than the cap level. Use the benefit cap calculator to find out how the benefit cap affects you.

    ", + "

    Appeal a Housing Benefit decision

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to appeal a Housing Benefit decision.

    ", + "

    Supporting your claim

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide some information and evidence to support your claim for Housing Benefit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get Housing Benefit faster if you have this available when you make your claim.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to know:

    ", + "
  • how much rent you pay
    • ", + "
  • whether anything else is included in the rent, such as water, gas or electricity charges
    • ", + "
  • if you pay any service charges, including building maintenance or insurance
    • ", + "
  • your landlord or agent\u2019s details
    • ", + "

    Special types of tenancy

    ", + "

    If your current tenancy started in 1997 or earlier and you rent from a private landlord, you\u2019ll need to know if you have an \u2018assured tenancy\u2019. You can check your tenancy on the Shelter website.

    ", + "

    If you live in and pay rent for a government property (a \u2018Crown Tenant\u2019), you\u2019re not entitled to Housing Benefit. This includes armed forces living in service family accommodation (SFA).

    ", + "

    Evidence you\u2019ll have to provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide original documents, not copies. The supporting evidence you\u2019ll need includes:

    ", + "
  • your most recent payslips (5 if paid weekly, or 2 if paid monthly)
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society statements for the last 2 full months
    • ", + "
  • proof of other income or investments, including shares, ISAs or Premium Bonds
    • ", + "
  • proof of income for any non-dependants living with you, such as adult relatives or friends
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need proof of your partner\u2019s name and address. You cannot use the same document to prove both their name and address.

    ", + "

    Provide any 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • UK photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • current passport
    • ", + "
  • birth or marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • certificate of registration or naturalisation
    • ", + "
  • permanent residence card
    • ", + "
  • letter from HMRC or the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • recent utility bill
    • ", + "
  • recent bank or building society statement
    • ", + "
  • recent benefit award statements
    • ", + "

    If you rent from a private landlord

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a tenancy agreement or rent book
    • ", + "
  • a letter from your landlord confirming your tenancy - this is usually supplied at the start of your tenancy
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit is being replaced by Universal Credit. Most people will need to claim Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible for Housing Benefit before you apply.

    ", + "

    You can either apply:

    ", + "
  • through your local council
    • ", + "
  • as part of a Pension Credit claim, if you\u2019re eligible for this
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence to support your Housing Benefit claim.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for Pension Credit

    ", + "

    You can apply for Housing Benefit as part of your Pension Credit application.

    ", + "

    Apply for Pension Credit online or contact the Pension Service to claim.

    ", + "

    The Pension Service will send details of your claim for Housing Benefit to your council.

    ", + "

    Claiming in advance and backdating

    ", + "

    You can claim in advance by up to 13 weeks (or 17 weeks if you\u2019re aged 60 or over), for example if you\u2019re moving. You will not usually get any money before you move.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to get your claim backdated - ask your council.

    ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    You can ask your council for a Housing Benefit decision to be reconsidered.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the response you can appeal the decision.

    ", + "

    Report a change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You need to report a change of circumstances for you and anyone else in your house.

    ", + "

    Your claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change of circumstances straight away.

    ", + "

    Changes can include:

    ", + "
  • starting or stopping work, education, training or an apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • changes to the benefits you or anyone else in your house gets
    • ", + "
  • changes to your personal or workplace pension
    • ", + "
  • changes to your savings, investments or property
    • ", + "
  • your income going up or down
    • ", + "
  • moving house
    • ", + "
  • your rent going up or down
    • ", + "
  • going abroad for any length of time
    • ", + "
  • going into hospital, a care home or sheltered accommodation
    • ", + "
  • people moving into or out of your house (for example your partner, a child or lodger)
    • ", + "
  • having a baby
    • ", + "
  • your partner or someone you live with dying
    • ", + "
  • your child turning 18
    • ", + "
  • changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    Contact your council if you\u2019re not sure whether you need to report a change.

    ", + "

    How to report

    ", + "

    Report a change of circumstances to your council.

    ", + "

    If you receive other benefits

    ", + "

    You need to report a change of circumstances for all benefits you receive.

    ", + "

    If your other benefits stop

    ", + "

    Some benefits stop if you go back to work, work more hours or earn more money.

    ", + "

    If this happens, your council might:

    ", + "
  • give you an extra 4 weeks of housing benefit (\u2018Extended Payment of Housing Benefit\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • start paying you an \u2018in-work Housing Benefit\u2019
    • ", + "

    You do not have to claim - your council will decide if you\u2019re eligible for help and write to let you know.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    ", + "

    Other help with housing costs

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit will not cover heating, hot water, energy or food. If you need help, use a benefits calculator to see what else you might be entitled to.

    ", + "

    Extra help to pay the rent

    ", + "

    You could also apply for extra help from your council if your Housing Benefit does not cover your rent. This is called a Discretionary Housing Payment.

    ", + "

    Help with heating costs

    ", + "

    Check what help you can get with heating and energy costs.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-for-mortgage-interest", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a homeowner, you might be able to get help towards interest payments on:

    ", + "
  • your mortgage
    • ", + "
  • loans you\u2019ve taken out for certain repairs and improvements to your home
    • ", + "

    This help is called Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI).

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    It\u2019s paid as a loan, which you\u2019ll need to repay with interest when you sell or transfer ownership of your home (unless you\u2019re moving the loan to another property).

    ", + "

    You usually need to be getting, or treated as getting, a qualifying benefit to get SMI.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no guarantee that you\u2019ll get SMI for a mortgage or loan you take out.

    ", + "

    What you cannot use SMI for

    ", + "

    SMI cannot help you pay:

    ", + "
  • the amount you borrowed - only the interest on your mortgage
    • ", + "
  • anything towards insurance policies you have
    • ", + "
  • missed mortgage payments (arrears)
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    If you qualify for Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI), you\u2019ll usually get help paying the interest on up to \u00a3200,000 of your loan or mortgage.

    ", + "

    However, you can only get up to \u00a3100,000 if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re getting Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • you started claiming another qualifying benefit before January 2009 and you were below State Pension age at that time
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re already getting SMI and move to Pension Credit within 12 weeks of stopping your other benefits, you\u2019ll still get help with interest on up to \u00a3200,000.

    ", + "

    The interest rate used to calculate the amount of SMI you\u2019ll get is currently 2.09%.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll pay back

    ", + "

    SMI is paid as a loan. You\u2019ll need to repay the money you get with interest when you sell or transfer ownership of your home (unless you\u2019re moving the loan to another property).

    ", + "

    The interest added to the loan can go up or down, but the rate will not change more than twice a year. The current rate is 0.3%.

    ", + "

    If you want to pay the loan back more quickly, you can also make voluntary repayments. The minimum voluntary repayment is \u00a3100 or the outstanding balance if it\u2019s less than \u00a3100.

    ", + "

    How SMI is paid

    ", + "

    SMI is normally paid direct to your lender.

    ", + "

    Payments can start either:

    ", + "
  • from the date you start getting Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • after you\u2019ve received Universal Credit for 9 months in a row, as long as you\u2019re not getting certain income
    • ", + "
  • after you\u2019ve claimed any other qualifying benefit for 39 weeks in a row
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible for a Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI) loan, you usually need to be getting one of the following qualifying benefits:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "

    Contact the relevant office to check if you\u2019re eligible for SMI.

    ", + "

    You can start getting the loan:

    ", + "
  • from the date you start getting Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • after you\u2019ve claimed Income Support, income-based JSA or income-based ESA for 39 weeks in a row
    • ", + "
  • after you\u2019ve received Universal Credit for 9 months in a row, as long as you\u2019re not getting certain income
    • ", + "

    If you receive Universal Credit

    ", + "

    You cannot get SMI if you get any of the following income:

    ", + "
  • earnings from your job if you\u2019re employed or self-employed
    • ", + "
  • a tax refund
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Paternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Shared Parental Pay
    • ", + "

    To start getting SMI (or get it again if your SMI stopped), you\u2019ll need to stop getting this income and then get Universal Credit for 9 months in a row.

    ", + "

    If your income is too high to get a qualifying benefit

    ", + "

    You might still be able to get SMI if you apply for one of the qualifying benefits but cannot get it because your income is too high. You\u2019ll then be treated as getting the benefit you applied for.

    ", + "

    You will not be treated as getting Universal Credit if you cannot get it because your income is too high.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply for a qualifying benefit, you\u2019ll be asked extra questions about your housing costs to find out if you\u2019re eligible for Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI). You might also be sent a form asking for more detailed information.

    ", + "

    If you qualify for SMI, you\u2019ll be offered a loan.

    ", + "

    If you turn down the offer at first, you can still accept it at any time as long as you\u2019re eligible for SMI. The payments to your lender will be backdated to when you were first entitled to the loan. Contact the office that pays your benefit.

    ", + "

    If you already get a qualifying benefit

    ", + "

    Contact the office that pays your benefit to find out if you could get an SMI loan.

    ", + "

    The payments to your lender will be backdated to when you were first entitled to the loan.

    ", + "

    If you get or have applied for Income Support, income-based JSA or income-related ESA, contact Jobcentre Plus.

    ", + "

    If you get or have applied for Pension Credit, contact the Pension Service.

    ", + "

    If you get or have applied for Universal Credit, contact the Universal Credit helpline.

    ", + "

    Repaying your loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to repay your SMI loan with interest if you sell or transfer ownership of your home.

    ", + "

    The interest you pay can go up or down, but the rate will not change more than twice a year. The current rate is 0.3%. You\u2019ll be told if this is going to change.

    ", + "

    Selling your home

    ", + "

    You will not be asked to sell your home in order to repay your SMI loan.

    ", + "

    If you sell your home, you\u2019ll repay the SMI loan from what\u2019s left after you pay:

    ", + "
  • your mortgage
    • ", + "
  • any home improvement loans
    • ", + "
  • any other loans secured against your home
    • ", + "

    If you do not have enough left to pay off all of the SMI loan, you will have to pay back what you can. The rest of the loan will be written off.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying a new home

    ", + "

    You may be able to transfer the loan to your new home. Contact DWP Loan Management as soon as you know you intend to move, and before you complete your sale.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give DWP Loan Management your solicitor\u2019s contact details. They will work with your solicitor to arrange for the loan to be moved to your new home.

    ", + "

    The office paying your qualifying benefit will also check you\u2019re still eligible.

    ", + "

    Voluntary repayments

    ", + "

    If you want to pay the loan back more quickly, you can also make voluntary repayments. The minimum voluntary repayment is \u00a3100 or the outstanding balance if it\u2019s less than \u00a3100.

    ", + "

    How to repay

    ", + "

    Contact DWP Loan Repayment to ask for a \u2018settlement letter\u2019 - this will tell you how much you need to pay.

    ", + "

    You can pay by telephone or online banking using the bank account details in your settlement letter.

    ", + "

    Get other financial help with your housing costs

    ", + "

    You can still get financial help with your housing costs if your Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance is going to stop because you are about to:

    ", + "
  • return to work full-time
    • ", + "
  • work more hours
    • ", + "
  • earn more money
    • ", + "

    Help and support

    ", + "

    You can get free information about housing support from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • Money Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Mortgage Interest Run On", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mortgage-interest-run-on", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Mortgage Interest Run On is extra money you can get towards your housing costs if certain other benefits are stopping because you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • returning to work full-time
    • ", + "
  • working more hours
    • ", + "
  • earning more money
    • ", + "

    You can get this help for 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible and were getting Support for Mortgage Interest before your work situation changed, you\u2019ll usually continue to get the same amount as you were getting before your benefits stopped.

    ", + "

    Payments for your mortgage or loan interest will be paid direct to you instead of to your lender.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can claim Mortgage Interest Run On if you\u2019ve stopped getting income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance, Income Support or income-related Employment and Support Allowance because you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • returning to work full-time
    • ", + "
  • working more hours
    • ", + "
  • earning more money
    • ", + "

    All of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been claiming the benefit continuously for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you expect the work (or more money) to last for 5 weeks or more
    • ", + "
  • you were entitled to help with your\u00a0housing costs\u00a0before your work started and you\u2019ll still have these costs when you start work
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to apply - you should get Mortgage Interest Run On automatically. You just need to let your Jobcentre Plus office know as soon as you\u2019re starting work.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Warm Home Discount Scheme", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/the-warm-home-discount-scheme", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You could get \u00a3140 off your electricity bill for winter 2021 to 2022 under the Warm Home Discount Scheme. The scheme opens on 18 October 2021.

    ", + "

    The money is not paid to you - it\u2019s a one-off discount on your electricity bill, between October and March.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get the discount on your gas bill instead if your supplier provides you with both gas and electricity. Contact your supplier to find out.

    ", + "

    The discount will not affect your Cold Weather Payment or Winter Fuel Payment.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways to qualify for the Warm Home Discount Scheme:

    ", + "
  • you get the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit - known as the \u2018core group\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re on a low income and meet your energy supplier\u2019s criteria for the scheme - known as the \u2018broader group\u2019
    • ", + "

    How you apply for the Warm Home Discount Scheme depends on how you qualify for the discount.

    ", + "

    Pre-pay or pay-as-you-go meters

    ", + "

    You can still qualify for the discount if you use a pre-pay or pay-as-you-go electricity meter.

    ", + "

    Your electricity supplier can tell you how you\u2019ll get the discount if you\u2019re eligible, for example a voucher you can use to top up your meter.

    ", + "

    Park (mobile) homes

    ", + "

    You apply a different way if you live in a park home.

    ", + "

    Park home applications for winter 2021 to 2022 will open in autumn 2021.

    ", + "

    Fill in the Park Homes Warm Home Discount contact form to be told when the scheme reopens.

    ", + "

    Contact Charis Grants for more information about the scheme.

    ", + "

    If you get the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit

    ", + "

    You qualify for the discount if on 4 July 2021 all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your energy supplier is part of the scheme
    • ", + "
  • your name (or your partner\u2019s) is on the bill
    • ", + "
  • you or your partner are getting the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit (even if you get Savings Credit as well)
    • ", + "

    This is known as being in the \u2018core group\u2019.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive a letter between October and December 2021 telling you how to get the discount if you qualify.

    ", + "

    Your letter will say if you need to call a helpline by 28 February 2022 to confirm your details.

    ", + "

    Your electricity supplier will apply the discount to your bill by 31 March 2022.

    ", + "

    If you do not get a letter

    ", + "

    Contact the Warm Home Discount helpline if you do not get the letter by 31 December and you think you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019.

    ", + "

    Do not contact the Warm Home Discount helpline if you\u2019re not eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible to apply another way.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply directly to your electricity supplier for help if you do not get the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit but:

    ", + "
  • your energy supplier is part of the scheme
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re on a low income
    • ", + "
  • you get certain means-tested benefits
    • ", + "

    This is known as being in the \u2018broader group\u2019.

    ", + "

    To get the discount you\u2019ll need to stay with your supplier until it\u2019s paid.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your electricity supplier decides who can get the discount.

    ", + "

    The number of discounts suppliers can give is limited. Check with your supplier as early as possible to see if you\u2019re eligible and how to apply.

    ", + "

    Check with them even if you were eligible for a discount last year.

    ", + "

    Your electricity supplier will apply the discount to your bill by 31 March 2022.

    ", + "

    Energy suppliers

    ", + "

    The following suppliers were part of the scheme in winter 2020 to 2021:

    ", + "
  • Affect Energy \u2013 see Octopus Energy
    • ", + "
  • Atlantic \u2013 see SSE
    • ", + "
  • Avro Energy
    • ", + "
  • Boost
    • ", + "
  • Bristol Energy - only if you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019
    • ", + "
  • British Gas
    • ", + "
  • British Gas Evolve (formerly British Gas X)
    • ", + "
  • Bulb Energy
    • ", + "
  • Co-op Energy - see Octopus Energy
    • ", + "
  • E (Gas and Electricity)
    • ", + "
  • E.ON
    • ", + "
  • Ecotricity - only if you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019
    • ", + "
  • EDF Energy
    • ", + "
  • Green Energy UK (GEUK) - only if you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019
    • ", + "
  • Green Network Energy
    • ", + "
  • Green Star Energy - see Shell Energy
    • ", + "
  • iSupply Energy - see EDF Energy
    • ", + "
  • London Power \u2013 see Octopus Energy
    • ", + "
  • Lumo - see OVO
    • ", + "
  • M&S Energy \u2013 see Octopus Energy
    • ", + "
  • npower
    • ", + "
  • nPower Select - see E.ON Next
    • ", + "
  • Octopus Energy
    • ", + "
  • OVO
    • ", + "
  • Powershop
    • ", + "
  • Pure Planet
    • ", + "
  • Qwest Energy - see Octopus Energy
    • ", + "
  • Roar Power - see Octopus Energy
    • ", + "
  • Sainsbury\u2019s Energy
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Hydro \u2013 see SSE
    • ", + "
  • ScottishPower
    • ", + "
  • Shell Energy
    • ", + "
  • So Energy
    • ", + "
  • Southern Electric \u2013 see SSE
    • ", + "
  • Spark
    • ", + "
  • SSE
    • ", + "
  • Swalec \u2013 see SSE
    • ", + "
  • Symbio Energy
    • ", + "
  • Tonik Energy - see ScottishPower
    • ", + "
  • Utilita
    • ", + "
  • Utility Point - only if you\u2019re eligible for the core group
    • ", + "
  • Utility Warehouse
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "National Concessionary Fuel Scheme", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-concessionary-fuel-scheme", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You could get free solid fuel or a cash allowance for fuel if you\u2019re an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC).

    ", + "

    You need to qualify to get the fuel allowance through the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS), and you can only get the cash allowance if you\u2019re already getting fuel through the scheme.

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for the allowance if you\u2019re the widow or widower of an ex-employee, if the employee qualified for the NCFS.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Solid fuel

    ", + "

    If you qualify for the allowance you\u2019ll get a delivery of solid fuel every 4 or 5 weeks, depending on where you live.

    ", + "

    You might be able to change to \u2018cash in lieu\u2019 (or a cash allowance) if you already get fuel through the scheme and your circumstances have not changed.

    ", + "

    You will need to return a Certificate of Continued Entitlement each year to keep your allowance.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    The cash allowance is paid every 3 months into your bank or building society account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Contact the National Concessionary Fuel Office (NCFO) to check if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS) if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC)
    • ", + "
  • a widow or widower of an ex-employee who would have been eligible
    • ", + "

    Change of circumstances

    ", + "

    Your allowance might be affected if your circumstances change, including:

    ", + "
  • who owns or rents your property changes
    • ", + "
  • you change your heating arrangements
    • ", + "
  • you remarry, marry or move in with a partner (widows, widowers and dependents only)
    • ", + "
  • who lives in your home changes (family or lodgers moving in)
    • ", + "
  • you take up employment or self-employment
    • ", + "

    You need to inform the NCFO of any changes in circumstances as your allowance can change. If your allowance goes down, any overpayments must be repaid in full.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Contact the National Concessionary Fuel Office (NCFO) to apply.

    ", + "

    Applying on behalf of someone else

    ", + "

    You can apply for the fuel allowance on behalf of someone else if they\u2019re unable to.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get authorisation by having one of:

    ", + "
  • a letter from the Department of Work and Pensions (DWP) stating that you are authorised to act on their behalf
    • ", + "
  • a photocopy of your Power of Attorney
    • ", + "
  • a letter signed by the person you are applying for stating that you are looking after their affairs
    • ", + "

    If payments are paid into a different account from the person getting the allowance, you need:

    ", + "
  • a photocopy of your Power of Attorney
    • ", + "
  • a letter from DWP stating that you are looking after their financial affairs
    • ", + "
  • a form from the NFCO signed by the person you are applying for
    • ", + "

    You need to contact the NFCO for the form or \u2018mandate\u2019.

    ", + "

    Changing your delivery

    ", + "

    Contact CPL Distribution on 0345 521 5214 to change your fuel delivery date and/or the amount of fuel you want delivered.

    ", + "

    Find out about call charges.

    ", + "

    Contact the NCFO to change the type of fuel you get. You can only get 1 type of fuel delivered at a time. Get advice about the types of fuel to use from the Solid Fuel Association.

    ", + "

    You cannot sell or give away unused fuel. If you change your type of solid fuel appliance you must refuse deliveries and left over fuel must be collected by the distributor.

    ", + "

    Switching from fuel to cash allowance

    ", + "

    Contact NCFO with your bank or building society account details to switch from fuel to cash. You can switch back to solid fuel but only after 12 months.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Bereavement Support Payment", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bereavement-support-payment", + "contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Bereavement Support Payment (BSP) if your husband, wife or civil partner died in the last 21 months.

    ", + "

    You must claim within 3 months of your partner\u2019s death to get the full amount. You can claim up to 21 months after their death but you\u2019ll get fewer monthly payments.

    ", + "

    Bereavement Support Payment has replaced Bereavement Allowance (previously Widow\u2019s Pension), Bereavement Payment, and Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    You could be eligible if your partner either:

    ", + "
  • paid National Insurance contributions for at least 25 weeks in one tax year since 6 April 1975
    • ", + "
  • died because of an accident at work or a disease caused by work
    • ", + "

    When they died you must have been:

    ", + "
  • under State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • living in the UK or a country that pays bereavement benefits
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim BSP if you\u2019re in prison.

    ", + "

    If your partner died more than 21 months ago

    ", + "

    You may still be able to claim BSP if your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s cause of death was confirmed more than 21 months after the death. Call the Bereavement Service helpline.

    ", + "

    If your husband, wife or civil partner died before 6 April 2017, you may be able to get Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a first payment and then up to 18 monthly payments. There are 2 rates.

    ", + " | First payment | Monthly payment", + "Higher rate | \u00a33,500 | \u00a3350", + "Lower rate | \u00a32,500 | \u00a3100", + "

    If you get Child Benefit (or if you do not get it but are entitled to it), you\u2019ll get the higher rate.

    ", + "

    If you do not get Child Benefit, you\u2019ll get the lower rate unless you were pregnant when your husband, wife or civil partner died.

    ", + "

    You must claim within 3 months of your partner\u2019s death to get the full amount. If you claim later, you\u2019ll get fewer monthly payments.

    ", + "

    Your payments will be paid into your bank or building society account.

    ", + "

    If you get benefits

    ", + "

    Bereavement Support Payment will not affect your benefits for a year after your first payment. After a year, money you have left from your first payment could affect the amount you get if you renew or make a claim for another benefit.

    ", + "

    You must tell your benefits office (for example, your local Jobcentre Plus) when you start getting Bereavement Support Payment.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on where you are.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in England, Scotland or Wales

    ", + "

    The quickest way to apply is by phone. You can also apply using a paper form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve arranged to pay your Self Assessment tax and National Insurance bill in instalments because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your application might be rejected. Contact HMRC before applying for Bereavement Support.

    ", + "

    Apply by phone

    ", + "

    Apply using a paper form

    ", + "

    To get a form, you can either:

    ", + "
  • download a Bereavement Support Payment form (BSP1)
    • ", + "
  • contact your nearest Jobcentre Plus to get one through the post
    • ", + "

    Fill in the claim form and send it to:

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re abroad

    ", + "

    Call the International Pension Centre to apply.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get help with funeral costs (Funeral Expenses Payment)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/funeral-payments", + "contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You could get a Funeral Expenses Payment (also called a Funeral Payment) if you get certain benefits and need help to pay for a funeral you\u2019re arranging.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Funeral Support Payment. It has replaced Funeral Expenses Payment in Scotland.

    ", + "

    If you receive money from the deceased\u2019s estate

    ", + "

    Your Funeral Expenses Payment will be deducted from any money you get from the deceased\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    The estate includes any money or property they had but not a house or personal things left to a widow, widower or surviving civil partner.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    Funeral Expenses Payment can help pay for some of the costs of the following:

    ", + "
  • burial fees for a particular plot
    • ", + "
  • cremation fees, including the cost of the doctor\u2019s certificate
    • ", + "
  • travel to arrange or go to the funeral
    • ", + "
  • the cost of moving the body within the UK, if it\u2019s being moved more than 50 miles
    • ", + "
  • death certificates or other documents
    • ", + "

    You can also get up to \u00a31,000 for any other funeral expenses, such as funeral director\u2019s fees, flowers or the coffin.

    ", + "

    The payment will not usually cover all of the costs of the funeral.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your circumstances. This includes any other money that\u2019s available to cover the costs, for example from an insurance policy or the deceased person\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    Check the claim form notes for full details of what Funeral Expenses Payment covers.

    ", + "

    If the deceased had a pre-paid funeral plan, you can only get up to \u00a3120 to help pay for items not covered by their plan.

    ", + "

    How the money is paid

    ", + "

    Funeral Expenses Payment is paid into your bank, building society or credit union account if you\u2019ve already paid for the funeral.

    ", + "

    The money will be paid directly to the organiser of the funeral (for example, the funeral director) if you have not paid yet.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can get a Funeral Expenses Payment if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you get certain benefits or tax credits
    • ", + "
  • you meet the rules on your relationship with the deceased
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re arranging a funeral in the UK, the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland
    • ", + "

    You might be able to get other help to pay for the funeral if you\u2019re not eligible for Funeral Expenses Payment.

    ", + "

    Benefits and tax credits you must get

    ", + "

    You (or your partner) must get one or more of the following:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • the disability or severe disability element of Working Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    You might also be eligible if you\u2019re getting a Support for Mortgage Interest loan.

    ", + "

    You can still claim Funeral Expenses Payment if you\u2019ve applied for these benefits and you\u2019re waiting to hear about your claim.

    ", + "

    If you were responsible for a deceased child but you\u2019re not their parent, the non-resident parent must get one or more of these benefits.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a close relative of the deceased who is not getting one of these benefits, you might not be able to claim Funeral Expenses Payment.

    ", + "

    Rules on your relationship with the deceased

    ", + "

    You must be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the partner of the deceased when they died
    • ", + "
  • a close relative or close friend of the deceased
    • ", + "
  • the parent of a baby stillborn after 24 weeks of pregnancy
    • ", + "
  • the parent or person responsible for a deceased child who was under 16 (or under 20 and in approved education or training)
    • ", + "

    You might not get a Funeral Expenses Payment if another close relative of the deceased (such as a sibling or parent) is in work.

    ", + "

    If the funeral will take place in the EEA or Switzerland

    ", + "

    Contact the Social Fund to check if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    You must apply within 6 months of the funeral, even if you\u2019re waiting for a decision on a qualifying benefit.

    ", + "

    You can make a claim before the funeral if you\u2019ve got an invoice or signed contract from the funeral director. It cannot be an estimate.

    ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit, you will not get a decision on your claim until after your next payment.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Claim by phone by calling the Bereavement Service helpline.

    ", + "

    An adviser will also help you claim any other bereavement benefits you might be entitled to.

    ", + "

    You can also claim by post. Download and fill in the claim form (SF200), then send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Appeal a Funeral Expenses Payment decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal if you disagree with a decision about Funeral Expenses Payment.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay and Leave", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parental-bereavement-pay-leave", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You and your partner may be able to take time off work if your child dies before they turn 18, or if you have a stillbirth after 24 weeks of pregnancy.

    ", + "

    The death or stillbirth must have happened on or after 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You might be able to get leave, pay or both. You may be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • Parental Bereavement Leave
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s rules about when you can take your leave and pay and how to claim.

    ", + "

    You can only claim Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay and Leave if you\u2019re employed in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    Employment rights when on leave

    ", + "

    Your employment rights are protected while on Parental Bereavement Leave. This includes your right to:

    ", + "
  • pay rises
    • ", + "
  • build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday
    • ", + "
  • return to work
    • ", + "

    What you can get

    ", + "

    You may be able to get either or both Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay.

    ", + "

    Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    You can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave from the first day of your employment for each child who has died or was stillborn if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You can take:

    ", + "
  • 2 weeks together
    • ", + "
  • 2 separate weeks of leave
    • ", + "
  • only one week of leave
    • ", + "

    A week is the same number of days that you normally work in a week.

    ", + "

    The leave:

    ", + "
  • can start on or after the date of the death or stillbirth
    • ", + "
  • must finish within 56 weeks of the date of the death or stillbirth
    • ", + "

    Taking leave with other types of statutory leave

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking another type of statutory leave (for example, maternity leave or paternity leave) when the child dies or stillbirth happens, your Parental Bereavement Leave must start after the other leave has ended but does not have to be taken immediately after. This includes if the statutory leave is for another child.

    ", + "

    If your Parental Bereavement Leave is interrupted by the start of another type of statutory leave, you can take your remaining entitlement to Parental Bereavement Leave after that other leave has ended.

    ", + "

    Your remaining Parental Bereavement Leave must still be taken within 56 weeks of the date of death or stillbirth.

    ", + "

    You can take Parental Bereavement Leave between blocks of shared parental leave that you booked before the child died. This includes if the shared parental leave is for another child.

    ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to get either \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Any money you get is paid the same way as your wages, for example weekly or monthly, along with deductions for tax and National Insurance.

    ", + "

    Check if you're eligible

    ", + "

    To qualify for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, you must meet the criteria both as a parent (including if you had day to day responsibility) and an employee. You might not be eligible for both, depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you were the child\u2019s parent or a parent\u2019s partner

    ", + "

    You may be eligible if at the time of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, you were:

    ", + "
  • the child or baby\u2019s parent - either biological, adoptive or parent of a child born to a surrogate
    • ", + "
  • the partner of the child or baby\u2019s parent
    • ", + "

    Biological parents of the child or baby will not be eligible for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay after an adoption or parental order was made, unless there was a contact order in place.

    ", + "

    If you or your partner had day to day responsibility for the child

    ", + "

    You may be eligible if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the child or baby was living with you at your home for 4 continuous weeks, ending with the date of death
    • ", + "
  • you or your partner had day to day responsibility for the child or baby\u2019s care during that time
    • ", + "

    If you or your partner were being paid to look after the child or baby, you do not qualify for leave or pay unless you were:

    ", + "
  • a foster parent being paid a fee or allowance by a local authority
    • ", + "
  • reimbursed for expenses related to caring for the child or baby
    • ", + "
  • getting payments under the terms of a will or trust for the child or baby\u2019s care
    • ", + "

    You are not eligible if one of the child or baby\u2019s parents or someone who had parental responsibility (parental responsibilities in Scotland) for the child was also living in the household.

    ", + "

    If you or your partner were an adoptive parent

    ", + "

    You are eligible for pay or leave:

    ", + "
  • after the adoption order was granted
    • ", + "
  • before the adoption order was made, if the child was placed with you and the placement was not disrupted (for example, being temporarily placed elsewhere) or stopped
    • ", + "

    If you or your partner were an adoptive parent of a child from outside the United Kingdom

    ", + "

    If you or your partner were adopting a child from outside the United Kingdom and the adoption order had not yet been made, you may still be eligible. Both of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • the child was living with you after entering Great Britain
    • ", + "
  • you have the \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming you were allowed to adopt
    • ", + "

    If you or your partner had a baby with the help of a surrogate parent

    ", + "

    You are eligible for pay or leave:

    ", + "
  • after a parental order was made
    • ", + "
  • before a parental order was made if you had applied or intended to apply for a parental order within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth and expected it to be granted
    • ", + "

    Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    To get Parental Bereavement Leave, you must also:

    ", + "
  • be classed as an employee - it does not matter how long you\u2019ve worked for your employer
    • ", + "
  • give your employer notice for Parental Bereavement Leave
    • ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    To get Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to the end of the \u2018relevant week\u2019. The \u2018relevant week\u2019 is the week (ending with a Saturday) immediately before the week of the death or stillbirth.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • continue to be employed up to the day the child dies or is stillborn
    • ", + "
  • earn on average \u00a3120 a week before tax (gross) over an 8 week period
    • ", + "
  • give your employer the correct notice and information for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay
    • ", + "

    If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You have 56 weeks to take Parental Bereavement Leave or claim Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay through your employer. This starts from the date of the child\u2019s death.

    ", + "

    Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    You can take 2 weeks leave in one block or as 2 separate blocks of one week.

    ", + "

    The 56 weeks are split into 2 periods:

    ", + "
  • from the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth to 8 weeks after
    • ", + "
  • 9 to 56 weeks after the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth
    • ", + "

    You must give your employer notice before you take Parental Bereavement Leave. How much notice depends on when you\u2019re taking the leave.

    ", + "

    0 to 8 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth

    ", + "

    You must give your employer notice before you would normally start work on the first day of the week or weeks you want to take off work.

    ", + "

    9 to 56 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth

    ", + "

    You must give your employer at least one week\u2019s notice before the start of the week or weeks you want to take off work.

    ", + "

    Giving your employer notice

    ", + "

    You must tell your employer:

    ", + "
  • the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth
    • ", + "
  • when you want your parental bereavement leave to begin
    • ", + "
  • how much leave you are taking - either 1 or 2 weeks
    • ", + "

    You can speak to your employer by phone, leave a voicemail, send a text message or an email. You do not need to give them notice in writing (for example through a form or letter).

    ", + "

    You do not need to give proof of death or stillbirth.

    ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    You must ask for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay within 28 days, starting from the first day of the week you\u2019re claiming the payment for.

    ", + "

    Each time you claim, you must give your employer the following information in writing (for example a letter, email or form):

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • the dates of the period you want to claim Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay
    • ", + "
  • the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to give a \u2018declaration\u2019 to your employer to confirm you\u2019re eligible because of your relationship to the child or baby. You only need to complete this once when you first ask for pay.

    ", + "

    Completing the declaration

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • complete the declaration form online - this takes 5 minutes
    • ", + "
  • declare in writing you\u2019re eligible because of your relationship to the child or baby
    • ", + "
  • use your employers own form if they have one
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve completed your declaration, you\u2019ll need to send it to your employer. They\u2019ll check your information and your eligibility.

    ", + "

    Cancelling your leave or pay

    ", + "

    You can change your mind and cancel your Parental Bereavement Leave or Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if you have given your employer more than the required notice for either taking leave or claiming pay.

    ", + "

    To cancel your Parental Bereavement Leave or Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, you\u2019ll need to tell your employer. When you need to tell them depends on when your leave or pay is due to start.

    ", + "

    Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    If your leave is due to start within 8 weeks of the death or stillbirth, you must let your employer know about the cancellation no later than the time you would normally start work on the first day of planned leave.

    ", + "

    If your leave is due to start 9 weeks or later after the death or stillbirth, you must let your employer know no later than one week before the start of the planned leave.

    ", + "

    If you cancel your leave, you can rebook it if you give your employer the correct notice.

    ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    If your pay was due to start within 8 weeks of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, you must give your employer notice on the first day of the week you want to cancel.

    ", + "

    If your pay was due to start 9 weeks or later after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, you must tell your employer you want to cancel one week before your pay was due to start.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Widowed Parent's Allowance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/widowed-parents-allowance", + "contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance (WPA) is being replaced by Bereavement Support Payment.

    ", + "

    You can only make a new claim for WPA if your husband, wife or civil partner died before 6 April 2017 and the cause of death has just been confirmed.

    ", + "

    All the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re under State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re entitled to Child Benefit for at least one child and your late husband, wife or civil partner was their parent
    • ", + "
  • your late husband, wife or civil partner paid National Insurance contributions, or they died as a result of an industrial accident or disease
    • ", + "

    You may also claim WPA if you were pregnant when your husband died, or you were pregnant after fertility treatment when your civil partner or wife died.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim WPA if you:

    ", + "
  • were divorced from your husband, wife or civil partner when they died
    • ", + "
  • remarry or are living with another person as if you\u2019re married to them or as if you\u2019ve formed a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • were over State Pension age when you were widowed or became a surviving civil partner \u2013 you may be able to get extra State Pension
    • ", + "
  • are in prison
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The amount you get is based on how much your late husband, wife or civil partner paid in National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    The maximum Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance (WPA) is \u00a3122.55 a week.

    ", + "

    If your husband, wife or civil partner died as a result of an industrial accident or disease, you may claim WPA even if they did not pay National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue to get WPA until you either:

    ", + "
  • stop being entitled to Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • reach State Pension age
    • ", + "

    How WPA is paid

    ", + "

    WPA is usually paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Effect on other benefits

    ", + "

    Other benefit payments you get may change when you start claiming WPA.

    ", + "

    Once you get WPA, you must report it if you\u2019re getting any of the following:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    If you do not report changes straight away, you could be paid the wrong amount and have to pay it back. You might also have to pay a fine.

    ", + "

    The benefit cap

    ", + "

    The benefit cap limits the total amount of benefit you can get. It applies to most people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age.

    ", + "

    Some individual benefits are not affected, but it may affect the total amount of benefit you get.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can apply by phone or using a paper form.

    ", + "

    Apply by phone

    ", + "

    Call the Bereavement Service helpline.

    ", + "

    Apply using a paper form

    ", + "

    Download a Bereavement Benefits pack (form BB1) or email your local Jobcentre Plus to ask for a form.

    ", + "

    The pack has notes to help you fill in the claim form.

    ", + "

    Send your completed form to:

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call the Bereavement Service helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    If you live abroad

    ", + "

    Contact the International Pension Centre to find out if you can claim if you\u2019ve moved abroad.

    ", + "

    You must include your:

    ", + "
  • full name
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance number (if you know it)
    • ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change

    ", + "

    You must tell Dover Benefit Centre if you:

    ", + "
  • stop being entitled to Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • remarry or form a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • start to live with a partner as husband or wife, or as if you had formed a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "War Widow(er) Pension", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-widow-pension", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be entitled to War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension if your wife, husband or civil partner died as a result of their service in Her Majesty\u2019s (HM) Armed Forces or during a time of war.

    ", + "

    They must have served before 6 April 2005, but you may be eligible if they died of an illness or injury later.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    One of the following must apply. Your husband, wife or civil partner:

    ", + "
  • died as result of their service in HM Armed Forces before 6 April 2005
    • ", + "
  • was a civil defence volunteer or a civilian and their death was a result of the 1939 to 1945 war
    • ", + "
  • was a merchant seaman, a member of the naval auxiliary services, or a coastguard and their death was a result of an injury or disease they got during a war or because they were a prisoner of war
    • ", + "
  • died as a result of their service as a member of the Polish Forces under British command during the 1939 to 1945 war, or in the Polish Resettlement Forces
    • ", + "
  • was getting a War Pensions Constant Attendance Allowance at the time of their death, or would have been had they not been in hospital
    • ", + "
  • was getting a War Disablement Pension at the 80% rate or higher and was getting Unemployability Supplement
    • ", + "

    You may be entitled to a pension if you lived with a partner as husband and wife or as civil partners.

    ", + "

    Illness, injury and death on or after 6 April 2005

    ", + "

    If your partner was injured, developed an illness or died as a result of service on or after 6 April 2005, you can claim through the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension is paid at different rates depending on your age and circumstances.

    ", + "

    You do not pay tax on it.

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, for example your bank account.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    To claim War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension you can either:

    ", + "
  • download a claim form
    • ", + "
  • phone the Veterans UK helpline and ask for a claim form
    • ", + "

    Send the completed form to:

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision about your claim you can appeal to an independent Pensions Appeal Tribunal.

    ", + "

    Before you appeal you should:

    ", + "
  • ask Veterans UK for more information about how the decision was reached
    • ", + "
  • ask for the decision to be reconsidered if there are some facts Veterans UK may not have known when they made their decision
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re still unhappy with the outcome contact Veterans UK to let them know that you want to appeal.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Changes in your circumstances

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue to get your pension if you marry, form a civil partnership or start living with a partner on or after 1 April 2015.

    ", + "

    If this happened before 1 April 2015, you\u2019ll still get a pension if both:

    ", + "
  • your late spouse or civil partner left service before 31 March 1973
    • ", + "
  • your new relationship started on or after 6 April 2005
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, your pension would have been stopped.

    ", + "

    If your pension stopped

    ", + "

    You can claim your pension again if:

    ", + "
  • you become widowed again
    • ", + "
  • you divorce or separate
    • ", + "
  • your civil partner dies
    • ", + "
  • your civil partnership ends
    • ", + "
  • you stop living with the person as their partner
    • ", + "

    Make sure you tell Veterans UK of any changes in your circumstances so you get the right amount of pension.

    ", + "

    Funeral expenses

    ", + "

    Veterans UK may be able to pay a grant of up to \u00a32,200 towards a veteran\u2019s funeral if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • death was due to service before 6 April 2005
    • ", + "
  • War Pensions Constant Attendance Allowance was being paid or would have been paid if the war pensioner had not been in hospital when they died
    • ", + "
  • Unemployability Supplement was being paid at the time of death and the War Disablement Pension was assessed at 80% or more
    • ", + "

    The payment can be made to the veteran\u2019s widow or widower, next of kin or person paying for the funeral.

    ", + "

    You must make a claim within 3 months of the funeral.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download the claim form. Send the completed form to:

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Your benefits, tax and pension after the death of a spouse", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/death-spouse-benefits-tax-pension", + "contents": [ + "

    Tax and National Insurance

    ", + "

    Your income will probably change after the death of your husband, wife or civil partner.

    ", + "

    If you get extra money from pensions, annuities, benefits or an inheritance, you may need to pay more tax. You may be on a lower income and need to pay less tax.

    ", + "

    Your tax allowances - the income you do not pay tax on - may also change.

    ", + "

    Income you must report

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC if you get:

    ", + "
  • interest from a bank, building society or a National Savings and Investment product, eg pensioner income, capital bonds
    • ", + "
  • income from letting out property
    • ", + "
  • income from Purchased Life Annuities
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance or Bereavement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • foreign pension payments
    • ", + "
  • other income that should have been taxed but has not been
    • ", + "

    You do not need to tell HMRC about:

    ", + "
  • income your employer pays tax on through PAYE
    • ", + "
  • income from a private pension
    • ", + "
  • income which does not get taxed, eg from an Individual Savings Account (ISA)
    • ", + "
  • any income if you\u2019ll reach State Pension age within 4 months
    • ", + "
  • getting Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA), Incapacity Benefit, Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or Bereavement Support Payment
    • ", + "

    How to tell HMRC

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC about a change in your income:

    ", + "
  • in your next Self Assessment tax return, if you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment
    • ", + "
  • by phone
    • ", + "

    Tax allowances

    ", + "

    If you pay Income Tax, you\u2019ll have a Personal Allowance - income you do not pay tax on. Your allowance may change if your income changes.

    ", + "

    HMRC will automatically adjust your Personal Allowance when you tell them about your change of income.

    ", + "

    Married Couple\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    If you or your husband, wife or civil partner were born before 6 April 1935, you may have been claiming Married Couple\u2019s Allowance. You\u2019ll still get the allowance for the current tax year (up to 5 April) but HMRC will automatically stop it after that and you\u2019ll get just your Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Blind Person\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    If your husband, wife or civil partner was claiming Blind Person\u2019s Allowance, ask HMRC to transfer what\u2019s left of their Blind Person\u2019s Allowance for the current tax year (up to 5 April) to you.

    ", + "

    Reduced rate National Insurance

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a widow and you were married before April 1977, you might be paying a reduced rate of National Insurance (sometimes called the \u2018small stamp\u2019).

    ", + "

    You may be able to keep paying the reduced rate. Contact HMRC to find out what you should do.

    ", + "

    Benefits

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to make new claims for some benefits that your husband, wife or civil partner was claiming for your family.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to claim other benefits to help with your bereavement or if you\u2019re on a lower income because of the death.

    ", + "

    Bereavement benefits

    ", + "

    You may be able to get:

    ", + "
  • Funeral Expenses Payment - to help towards the cost of a funeral if you\u2019re on a low income
    • ", + "
  • Bereavement Support Payment - if your husband, wife or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2017
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance - if your husband, wife or civil partner died before 6 April 2017 and you have at least one dependent child
    • ", + "

    Phone the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) Bereavement Service to check if:

    ", + "
  • you can get bereavement benefits
    • ", + "
  • the death will affect any other benefits you\u2019re already claiming
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to make new claims for Child Benefit and tax credits if your husband, wife or civil partner was claiming them.

    ", + "

    Child Benefit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make a new claim for Child Benefit if you were not the person named as the claimant on the original claim form.

    ", + "

    Tax credits

    ", + "

    You should tell the Tax Credit Office about the death within one month if you have not already heard from them. Phone the Tax Credit Helpline to report the death.

    ", + "

    If your income is lower

    ", + "

    You may be able to get benefits if you\u2019re on a lower income following the death of your husband, wife or civil partner. Use a benefits calculator to work out what benefits you can get and find out how to claim.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to apply for:

    ", + "
  • Winter Fuel Payment - if you were born on or before 5 July 1952
    • ", + "
  • Cold Weather Payment - if you\u2019re on a low income
    • ", + "
  • Warm Home Discount Scheme
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay Income Tax on some benefits you claim.

    ", + "

    Pensions

    ", + "

    You may be able to get extra pension payments from your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s pension or National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    State Pension

    ", + "

    You need to be over State Pension age to claim extra payments from your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s State Pension.

    ", + "

    What you get and how you claim will depend on whether you reached State Pension age before or after 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    Contact the Pension Service to check what you can claim.

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get any State Pension based on your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s National Insurance contribution when you claim your own pension.

    ", + "

    You will not get it if you remarry or form a new civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive the \u2018new State Pension\u2019 and you may be able to inherit an extra payment on top of your pension.

    ", + "

    Private pensions

    ", + "

    You may get payments from your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s workplace, personal or stakeholder pension - it will depend on the pension scheme. Contact the pension scheme to find out.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay tax on those payments if the pension provider does not pay it for you.

    ", + "

    War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension

    ", + "

    You may be able to get War Widow\u2019s or Widower Pension - if your husband, wife or civil partner died because of their service in the Armed Forces or because of a war.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Adoption records", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-records", + "contents": [ + "

    Accessing your birth records

    ", + "

    You can access your birth records if you don\u2019t have them because you were adopted.

    ", + "

    You need to be 18 or over to do this.

    ", + "

    Everyone adopted before 12 November 1975 will need to attend a counselling session with an approved adoption advisor first.

    ", + "

    You know your birth details

    ", + "

    You can order a copy of your original birth certificate from the General Register Office.

    ", + "

    For adoptions outside England or Wales you need to contact the General Register Office where you were adopted.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t know your birth details

    ", + "

    You need to fill in an application for Birth certificate Information Before Adoption (BIBA) service if you don\u2019t know your birth details. Which application form you fill in depends on if you live:

    ", + "
  • in the UK
    • ", + "
  • outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Post or email the form to:

    ", + "

    The Adoption Contact Register

    ", + "

    You can add yourself to the Adoption Contact Register at the General Register Office to:

    ", + "
  • find a birth relative or an adopted person
    • ", + "
  • say you don\u2019t want to be contacted
    • ", + "

    This is not a tracing service - for a connection to be made between people, you must both be on the Adoption Contact Register.

    ", + "

    Find birth relatives if you were adopted

    ", + "

    You can add yourself to the Adoption Contact Register if you\u2019re 18 or over and your birth or adoption was registered with the General Register Office.

    ", + "

    You need to fill in form CR part 1 to add yourself to the register. Read guidance notes on how to complete the form.

    ", + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • your original birth name
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • the full name(s) of your birth mother (and birth father if known)
    • ", + "

    The fee is \u00a315 - instructions on how to pay are on form CR part 1.

    ", + "

    Find someone who was adopted if you\u2019re a birth relative

    ", + "

    You can add yourself to the register to try to find an adopted person by filling in form CR part 2. Read guidance notes on how to complete the form. You\u2019ll only be able to find people who have also added themselves to it.

    ", + "

    You need to be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    The fee is \u00a330 - instructions on how to pay are on form CR part 2.

    ", + "

    You can also use this form if you are an adopted person looking for other adopted siblings.

    ", + "

    You can also apply to make contact with an adopted person through an approved intermediary agency.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    Contact the Adoptions Section of the HM Passport Office.

    ", + "

    Intermediary agencies

    ", + "

    You can use an intermediary agency to help you trace a birth relative if you were adopted or you\u2019re related to someone who has been adopted. The fee for the service depends on the agency.

    ", + "

    You can use an intermediary agency if:

    ", + "
  • you were adopted before 30 December 2005
    • ", + "
  • a relative of yours (including a relative by adoption) was adopted before 30 December 2005
    • ", + "

    When an intermediary agency finds a person, you can only contact them if they agree to it. If they don\u2019t agree, the agency won\u2019t tell you their name or whereabouts but might be able to share some information, like:

    ", + "
  • their domestic or family circumstances
    • ", + "
  • their general health and well-being
    • ", + "

    If you don\u2019t want to be contacted

    ", + "

    Adopted people and birth relatives can use the Adoption Contact Register to say that they don\u2019t want to be contacted.

    ", + "

    Tell your agency and register a veto if you don\u2019t want to be approached by an intermediary agency. There are 2 types of veto called an \u2018absolute veto\u2019 and a \u2018qualified veto\u2019.

    ", + "

    An \u2018absolute veto\u2019

    ", + "

    This means an intermediary agency can\u2019t approach you under any circumstances (your adoption agency can still pass on information to you, for example about a hereditary medical condition or details of an inheritance).

    ", + "

    A \u2018qualified veto\u2019

    ", + "

    This means you can say when you would be prepared to be contacted, for example you could say that an approach on behalf of your birth parent wouldn\u2019t be acceptable, but an approach by a sibling would.

    ", + "

    More help and information

    ", + "

    For further information on intermediary services you can contact:

    ", + "
  • General Register Office
    • ", + "
  • the adoption team at your local council
    • ", + "
  • a voluntary adoption agency
    • ", + "
  • an adoption support agency
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-gender-recognition-certificate", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Apply to the Gender Recognition Panel for a Gender Recognition Certificate if you want your acquired gender to be legally recognised in the UK.

    ", + "

    There are 3 different ways (\u2018routes\u2019) to get a certificate - which one you use depends on your situation.

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Standard route

    ", + "

    Apply by the standard route if all the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria (discomfort with your birth gender) - this is also called gender identity disorder, gender incongruence or transsexualism
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 2 years
    • ", + "
  • you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life
    • ", + "

    Alternative route

    ", + "

    Apply by the alternative route if all the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria or had surgery to change your sexual characteristics
    • ", + "
  • you live in England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland most of the time
    • ", + "
  • you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in (or have been in) a protected marriage or protected civil partnership before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 6 years before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)
    • ", + "

    A marriage or civil partnership is protected if it\u2019s one of the following:

    ", + "
  • registered under the law of England, Wales or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • a marriage solemnised in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • a civil partnership registered in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • a marriage registered under the law of a country or territory outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • a marriage on UK consular premises or in an armed forces base, if you elected England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland as the relevant part of the UK
    • ", + "

    Overseas route

    ", + "

    Apply by the overseas route if your acquired gender has been legally accepted in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019 and you have documents to prove it.

    ", + "

    You must be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You can get information, advice and support from a number of voluntary organisations - you can find a list on page 21 of the full guidance.

    ", + "

    You can also contact Citizens Advice or find a legal adviser.

    ", + "

    If you're married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re married

    ", + "

    You can stay married if you apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate.

    ", + "

    You and your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration saying you both agree to stay married.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if you or your spouse do not want to remain married, or if your spouse does not fill in a statutory declaration. You can use the interim certificate as grounds to end the marriage.

    ", + "

    If your marriage is registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland and you have an interim certificate, you\u2019ll only get a full certificate once you end your marriage.

    ", + "

    If your marriage was registered in Scotland, you can use an interim certificate to apply to the sheriff court for a full certificate. You do not need to end your marriage first.

    ", + "

    Contact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel if either you or your spouse change your mind about staying married during the application process.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    You can stay in your civil partnership if it was registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Your partner must fill in a statutory declaration saying they agree to stay in a civil partnership with you. Contact the Gender Recognition Panel for help with filling in the declaration.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if your partner does not fill in a statutory declaration.

    ", + "

    Civil partnerships registered in Scotland

    ", + "

    If your civil partnership was registered in Scotland, you must end it or convert your civil partnership to marriage.

    ", + "

    If you decide to convert your civil partnership into a marriage you must do it before you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re still in a civil partnership when you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel, you\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019. You must end the civil partnership before you can get a full certificate.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the right form for your application.

    ", + " | Form | Guidance", + "Standard route | Form T450 | Leaflet T451", + "Alternative route | Form T464 | Leaflet T465", + "Overseas route | Form T453 | Leaflet T454", + "

    Send the completed form with your fee and any supporting documents relevant to your application.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a35 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    ", + "

    Get help with your application

    ", + "

    Contact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel for advice on the application process.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must send certain documents when you apply, depending on which application route you use and whether you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    You might need to send original documents - you\u2019ll get them back after the Gender Recognition Panel has looked at your application. You will not get any statutory declarations back.

    ", + "

    For all application routes, you must download and fill in the relevant statutory declaration for:

    ", + "
  • single people
    • ", + "
  • married people or civil partners
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    For all application routes you must provide the following (if relevant):

    ", + "
  • an original or certified copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the decree ending your marriage or proof that any previous civil partnership has been dissolved
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your spouse\u2019s death certificate
    • ", + "

    If you want to stay married, your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration for a spouse.

    ", + "

    Standard or alternative route

    ", + "

    For all application routes you must send:

    ", + "
  • an original or certified copy of your birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • copies of any official documents that show your birth name has changed to your current name
    • ", + "
  • proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for the required time
    • ", + "
  • any required medical reports
    • ", + "

    You need to have lived in your acquired gender for 2 years if applying through the standard route.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying through the alternative route you need to have lived in your acquired gender for 6 years before 10 December 2014, or 16 December 2014 if you\u2019re in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender

    ", + "

    This proof must cover the required time that you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender. It could include copies of your:

    ", + "
  • passport
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • payslips or benefit documents
    • ", + "
  • utility bills or other documents of an official nature
    • ", + "

    All documents should be in your acquired name and gender. The earliest document must be dated before the beginning of the required time.

    ", + "

    Medical reports

    ", + "

    For the standard and alternative application routes you must send a report that includes details of any treatment you\u2019ve had to change your sexual characteristics, for example hormone treatment or surgery.

    ", + "

    The report must be an original copy from a qualified medical professional, for example a:

    ", + "
  • doctor registered with the General Medical Council (GMC)
    • ", + "
  • psychologist registered with the Health and Care Professions Council
    • ", + "

    You can ask your GP or surgeon to fill in a report for you if you do not have one already.

    ", + "

    If you have not had any treatment or surgery yet, you must send a report that includes details of any planned treatment or surgery.

    ", + "

    If you are applying by the standard route you must also send a report with details of your gender dysphoria diagnosis.

    ", + "

    Read the list of gender dysphoria specialists to find out who can write this report for you. You can send a report from a registered medical professional not on this list if they can prove they work in gender dysphoria.

    ", + "

    Overseas route

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying using the overseas route, you must prove that your gender has been legally recognised in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019. Send original or certified copies of the following (if you have them):

    ", + "
  • your new birth certificate and old birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • an amended birth certificate that shows the change of gender
    • ", + "
  • a court order authorising your change of gender
    • ", + "
  • a document that\u2019s equivalent to a Gender Recognition Certificate
    • ", + "
  • an entry in a legal register that proves your acquired gender has been recognised
    • ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Your application will be assessed by the Gender Recognition Panel - you\u2019ll be contacted if they need more proof or information.

    ", + "

    Contact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel to find out about your application\u2019s progress.

    ", + "

    If you get a full certificate

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent information on:

    ", + "
  • how to get a new birth certificate, marriage certificate or civil partnership where appropriate
    • ", + "
  • who you must tell about your gender change
    • ", + "

    Your pension and benefits may be affected.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re given an interim certificate

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent information on:

    ", + "
  • how to annul or dissolve your marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • how long you have to convert your civil partnership to a marriage, if applicable
    • ", + "

    If your application is turned down

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told why your application was rejected.

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal the decision if you think it\u2019s wrong on a point of law.

    ", + "

    Where you appeal depends on whether you live in:

    ", + "
  • England and Wales - appeal to the High Court Family Division
    • ", + "
  • Scotland - appeal to the Court of Session in Edinburgh
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland - appeal to the High Court
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told in your decision letter how to appeal or apply again.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The Gender Recognition Panel must apply the law in the Gender Recognition Act 2004 and the following amendments:

    ", + "
  • Schedule 5, Section 12 of the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013
    • ", + "
  • Part 4 of the Marriage and Civil Partnership (Scotland) Act 2014
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Change your name by deed poll", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-name-deed-poll", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You do not have to follow a legal process to start using a new name. But you might need a \u2018deed poll\u2019 to apply for or to change official documents like your passport or driving licence.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for changing your name in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Get a deed poll

    ", + "

    A deed poll is a legal document that proves a change of name. You can change any part of your name, add or remove names and hyphens, or change spelling.

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways to get a\u00a0deed poll. You can either:

    ", + "
  • make an \u2018unenrolled\u2019 deed poll yourself
    • ", + "
  • apply for an \u2018enrolled\u2019 deed poll
    • ", + "

    Ask the organisation you\u2019re dealing with (for example your bank) which type of deed poll they\u2019ll accept as proof of your new name.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a permanent resident overseas, you cannot change your name by deed poll.

    ", + "

    Make an \u2018unenrolled\u2019 deed poll

    ", + "

    You can change your name yourself if you\u2019re 16 or over.

    ", + "

    Apply for an \u2018enrolled\u2019 deed poll

    ", + "

    \u2018Enrolling\u2019 a deed poll means that you\u2019re putting your new name on public record.

    ", + "

    You must apply to the Royal Courts of Justice to get an \u2018enrolled\u2019 deed poll using the deed poll process. It costs \u00a342.44.

    ", + "

    You can only enrol your own name change if you\u2019re 18 or over. The process is different to change the name of a child under 18.

    ", + "

    Marriage and civil partnership

    ", + "

    You do not need a deed poll to take your spouse\u2019s or civil partner\u2019s surname. Send a copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate to record-holders, such as benefits offices. Your documents will be updated for free.

    ", + "

    If you divorce or end your civil partnership

    ", + "

    You may be able to go back to your original name by showing record-holders either your:

    ", + "
  • marriage certificate and decree absolute
    • ", + "
  • civil partnership certificate and final order
    • ", + "

    Some organisations will not change your name back without a deed poll.

    ", + "

    Make your own deed poll

    ", + "

    You need to be 16 or over to make your own deed poll.

    ", + "

    Some organisations may not accept a deed poll you\u2019ve made yourself as proof of your new name. Ask the organisation you\u2019re dealing with (for example your bank) if they need an \u2018enrolled\u2019 deed poll instead.

    ", + "

    How to make your own deed poll

    ", + "

    Use the following wording:

    ", + "

    \u201cI [old name] of [your address] have given up my name [old name] and have adopted for all purposes the name [new name].

    ", + "

    \u201cSigned as a deed on [date] as [old name] and [new name] in the presence of [witness 1 name] of [witness 1 address], and [witness 2 name] of [witness 2 address].

    ", + "

    \u201c[your new signature], [your old signature]

    ", + "

    \u201c[witness 1 signature], [witness 2 signature]\u201d

    ", + "

    A specialist agency or a solicitor can make the deed poll for you instead - they may charge a fee.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve made it, you can use your deed poll as proof of your new name.

    ", + "

    Enrol a deed poll with the courts

    ", + "

    You can put your new name on public record by \u2018enrolling\u2019 it at the Royal Courts of Justice if you\u2019re 18 or over. It costs \u00a342.44 and cheques should be made payable to HMCTS.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18, follow the process for changing a child\u2019s name to enrol.

    ", + "

    Download the guidance and forms for changing an adult\u2019s name - this includes the notification form for The Gazette.

    ", + "

    Send your forms and documents to the Queen\u2019s Bench Division.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), applications are taking longer than usual to process.

    ", + "

    Change a child\u2019s name

    ", + "

    To change the name of a child under 18 you can either:

    ", + "
  • make an unenrolled deed poll by using a specialist deed poll agency or a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • apply for an enrolled deed poll from the Royal Courts of Justice
    • ", + "

    If you choose an enrolled deed poll, this means your child\u2019s new name will usually appear on public record in The Gazette.

    ", + "

    Some organisations will only accept an enrolled deed poll as proof of a name change. For example, to change your child\u2019s name on their passport you will need an enrolled deed poll.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 16 or 17 you can choose to make your own unenrolled deed poll.

    ", + "

    Apply for an enrolled deed poll

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need either:

    ", + "
  • the agreement of everyone with parental responsibility
    • ", + "
  • a court order
    • ", + "

    You must try to reach agreement before you seek a court order.

    ", + "

    If everyone with parental responsibility agrees

    ", + "

    Download and complete the forms for changing a child\u2019s name - this includes the notification form for The Gazette.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a342.44 to apply.

    ", + "

    Send your forms and documents to the Queen\u2019s Bench Division.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about your child\u2019s name change being published in The Gazette, contact the Queen\u2019s Bench Division. For example, they may agree to only publish your child\u2019s first name.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), applications are taking longer than usual to process.

    ", + "

    If you need a court order

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on making an application to the court.

    ", + "

    Fill in form C100 for a \u2018specific issue order\u2019.

    ", + "

    Send your form to your nearest court that deals with child cases.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3215 to apply for a court order. You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Correct a birth registration", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correct-birth-registration", + "contents": [ + "

    What corrections can be made

    ", + "

    You can apply for a birth registration correction when the information is wrong - for example if a mistake was made when recording a parent\u2019s occupation.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a correction to show new information if circumstances change after you\u2019ve registered your child\u2019s birth, for example if you change your name after getting married again.

    ", + "

    However, you can apply to re-register the birth if the natural parents get married at a later date.

    ", + "

    Removing the wrong father\u2019s details

    ", + "

    You can apply to change who the recorded father is if you can prove that the man named on the certificate is not the natural father of the child. Examples of proof include:

    ", + "
  • a DNA test record from an approved tester
    • ", + "
  • a court order
    • ", + "
  • evidence that confirms the name of the true biological father
    • ", + "
  • other evidence that confirms the recorded father could not have been the child\u2019s natural father
    • ", + "

    What happens if you change gender

    ", + "

    If you get your gender change legally recognised, you\u2019ll be able to order a new birth certificate with your new gender on it.

    ", + "

    What the correction looks like

    ", + "

    If your application is approved, a correction is made in the register in the office for the area where your child was born.

    ", + "

    The original information will always be shown in the register. After the correction has been authorised, a note will be added to the margin of the register. This will explain what the correct information is and when the correction was made.

    ", + "

    All full birth certificates that are issued after the correction will include the note in the margin.

    ", + "

    Short birth certificates only include the child\u2019s details and will not have a note in the margin - they just show any correct new details.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    The following people can apply for a correction:

    ", + "
  • the mother
    • ", + "
  • the father (if his details are on the certificate)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to change a child\u2019s name and both parents are named on the certificate, both must sign the application form.

    ", + "

    The child named on the certificate may be able to apply for a correction if their parents are not available.

    ", + "

    Removing the wrong father\u2019s details

    ", + "

    It is not always necessary for the named father to take part in the correction process. The General Register Office (GRO) can correct the entry if 2 of the following people apply to have it changed:

    ", + "
  • the mother
    • ", + "
  • the natural father
    • ", + "
  • the man named on the birth certificate as the father
    • ", + "

    At least one of these must sign the application form.

    ", + "

    You need to provide contact addresses for the mother, the man named as the father on the certificate and the true biological father (if he took part in a DNA test).

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a375 or \u00a390 to apply to correct a mistake in a birth registration.

    ", + "

    Contact the register office where your child\u2019s birth was registered to find out how to send your application, the cost and how to pay.

    ", + "

    Fill in the relevant application form and send it to the register office:

    ", + "
  • correct details on a birth registration
    • ", + "
  • remove incorrect father\u2019s details from a birth registration
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for correcting registrations made in Northern Ireland and Scotland.

    ", + "

    Proving the registration is wrong

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that the information given at the time of the registration was wrong. You must send in documents with your application that show what the correct information should have been. These documents should be valid or dated around the time your child was born.

    ", + "

    Documents you can send in include a:

    ", + "
  • passport
    • ", + "
  • photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • bank, building society or credit card statement
    • ", + "
  • letter from a hospital or doctor
    • ", + "
  • letter from a government department
    • ", + "

    If you are not able to send in proof, corrections cannot usually be made.

    ", + "

    All certified copies sent with the application will be destroyed if you do not ask for them to be returned.

    ", + "

    Proof the wrong father is on the certificate

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove that the man named on the certificate is not the natural father of the child. Examples of proof include:

    ", + "
  • a DNA test record from an approved tester
    • ", + "
  • a court order
    • ", + "
  • evidence that confirms the name of the true biological father
    • ", + "
  • other evidence that confirms the recorded father could not have been the child\u2019s natural father
    • ", + "

    Sending in certified documents

    ", + "

    You should only send in documents that have been certified as true copies of the original.

    ", + "

    Witnessing the correction

    ", + "

    If the correction is being made at your register office, you need to arrange an appointment with them. When you go in you\u2019ll witness the correction and sign the note made in the birth register.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to the General Register Office (GRO) to make the correction, you can say on the application form if you want to witness the correction.

    ", + "

    Statutory declaration

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to correct a serious mistake (such as the name of a person), the GRO may ask you to make a \u2018statutory declaration\u2019 about the correction and send it to them. This means you have to make a legal statement in front of someone like a judge or solicitor that they must sign (sometimes called \u2018attesting an oath\u2019).

    ", + "

    If you make a statutory declaration, you will not have to witness the correction.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a fee for a statutory declaration.

    ", + "

    How long applications take

    ", + "

    There is no set time for how long applications will take. It can take up to 25 days for you to get a reply.

    ", + "

    Advice

    ", + "

    If you want further advice on applying to make a correction, contact the register office or the General Register Office (GRO).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Correct a death registration", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correcting-a-death-registration", + "contents": [ + "

    What corrections can be made

    ", + "

    You cannot change a death certificate once it\u2019s been issued, but you can apply to get a note added to the original entry in the death register.

    ", + "

    You can then get an updated certificate issued that shows this note.

    ", + "

    Corrections to a death registration can only be made when the information is wrong (for example a mistake in spelling a person\u2019s name).

    ", + "

    What the correction looks like

    ", + "

    The original information will always be shown in the death register. After the correction has been authorised, a note will be added to the margin of the register. This will explain what the correct information is and when the correction was made.

    ", + "

    If you apply for a new death certificate, the note containing the correct information will be in the margin.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    Anyone can apply to correct a death entry.

    ", + "

    However, the General Register Office (GRO) will usually need a letter from the person who gave information for the death to be registered before considering a correction.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a375 or \u00a390 to apply to correct a mistake in a death registration.

    ", + "

    Contact the register office where the death was registered to find out how to send your application, the cost, and how to pay.

    ", + "

    Fill in the application form to correct details on a death registration and send it to the register office.

    ", + "

    Proving the registration is wrong

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that the information given at the time of the registration was wrong. You must send in documents with your application that show what the correct information should have been. These documents should be valid or dated around the time of the death.

    ", + "

    Documents you can send in include a:

    ", + "
  • passport
    • ", + "
  • photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • bank, building society or credit card statement
    • ", + "
  • letter from a hospital or doctor
    • ", + "
  • letter from a government department
    • ", + "
  • utility bill
    • ", + "

    If you cannot send in proof, corrections cannot usually be made.

    ", + "

    All certified copies sent with the application will be destroyed if you do not ask for them to be returned.

    ", + "

    Sending in certified documents

    ", + "

    You should only send in documents that have been certified as true copies of the original.

    ", + "

    Witnessing the correction

    ", + "

    If the correction is being made at your register office, you need to arrange an appointment with them. When you go in you\u2019ll witness the correction and sign the note made in the death register.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to the GRO to make the correction, you can say on the application form if you want to witness the correction.

    ", + "

    Statutory declaration

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to correct a serious mistake (for example in the name of a person), the GRO may ask you to make a \u2018statutory declaration\u2019. GRO will give you more advice about this if it is necessary.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a fee for a statutory declaration.

    ", + "

    How long applications take

    ", + "

    There is not a set time for how long applications will take. It can take up to 25 days for you to get a reply.

    ", + "

    Advice

    ", + "

    If you want further advice on applying to make a correction, contact the register office or the General Register Office (GRO).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get a copy of military service records", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-copy-military-service-records", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for either:

    ", + "
  • your own service records if you are, or have been, a member of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • the records of someone who\u2019s deceased if you\u2019re eligible, for example you\u2019re their immediate next of kin or you\u2019re researching them
    • ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    It can take several months for your application to be processed.

    ", + "

    Your application will be prioritised if it\u2019s urgent.

    ", + "

    Other ways to find service records

    ", + "

    You can also search:

    ", + "
  • the Commonwealth War Graves Commission website
    • ", + "
  • the Armed Forces Memorial roll of honour
    • ", + "
  • the National Archives for service records from 1913 to 1920 or service records before 1913
    • ", + "

    Apply for your own records

    ", + "

    You can apply for your own records if you are, or have been, a member of the armed forces, for example the Royal Navy (including Royal Marines), British Army or Royal Air Force.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a request for your own records (PDF, 64KB). Send it to the address on the form, along with any supporting documents. There\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    Use this form if you\u2019re acting on behalf of the person, for example if you have lasting power of attorney.

    ", + "

    Apply for the records of someone who's deceased

    ", + "

    You can apply for a copy of someone else\u2019s service records if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re their immediate next of kin, for example their spouse or parent
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got consent from their immediate next of kin
    • ", + "
  • you have a general research interest - you\u2019ll only have access to limited information, unless they died more than 25 years ago
    • ", + "

    You need to know the person\u2019s full name, date of birth and service number.

    ", + "

    Fill in 2 forms - a request form and a search form.

    ", + "

    Fill in a request form

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a request form for either:

    ", + "
  • next of kin\u2019s records (PDF, 53KB) - use this form if you\u2019re next of kin or have next of kin\u2019s consent
    • ", + "
  • not next of kin\u2019s records (PDF, 46KB) - use this form if you\u2019re not next of kin and don\u2019t have next of kin\u2019s consent
    • ", + "

    Fill in a search form

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the relevant search form, depending on whether the person was in the:

    ", + "
  • Royal Navy or Royal Marines (PDF, 20KB)
    • ", + "
  • British Army (PDF, 20KB)
    • ", + "
  • Royal Air Force (PDF, 20KB)
    • ", + "

    Post your forms

    ", + "

    Send both forms, with the fee of \u00a330 for each separate record, and any supporting documents (for example a death certificate) to the address on the search form.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you were the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner at the time of their death (or their parent, if there was no spouse).

    ", + "

    You can pay by cheque or postal order - or by banker\u2019s draft or international money order if you\u2019re overseas.

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions for applying for your own records if you\u2019re acting on behalf of the person, for example you have lasting power of attorney.

    ", + "

    What information you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    Records date from 1920 and may include:

    ", + "
  • surname, first name, service number, rank and regiment or corps
    • ", + "
  • place and date of birth
    • ", + "
  • date they joined and left the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • date of death, if they died in service
    • ", + "
  • good conduct medals
    • ", + "
  • details about their career, for example the units they served in - you can only get these 25 years after the date they died, unless you have consent from their next of kin
    • ", + "

    In some cases little or no information is available about someone\u2019s military service.

    ", + "

    Your request might be refused if it could harm the security or operations of the armed forces.

    ", + "

    If you want to complain

    ", + "

    Write to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Information Rights team if you want to complain about how your request was handled.

    ", + "

    You can contact the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO) if you\u2019re not happy with how the MOD handled your complaint.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Marriages and civil partnerships in England and Wales", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marriages-civil-partnerships", + "contents": [ + "

    Check if you can get married or form a civil partnership

    ", + "

    You can get married or form a civil partnership in England or Wales if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • not already married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • not closely related
    • ", + "

    Same sex couples can convert a civil partnership into a marriage in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you want to get married or form a civil partnership:

    ", + "
  • in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • abroad
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18

    ", + "

    You need permission from your parents or guardians to get married or form a civil partnership in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    If you or your partner are from outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. The deadline for applying is 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    You must apply for a visa to get married or form a civil partnership in the UK if you:

    ", + "
  • are not a British or Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • do not have indefinite leave to remain in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland, you will not need a visa if you\u2019re coming to the UK on or before 30 June 2021. From 1 July 2021, you will need a visa, unless you:

    ", + "
  • have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • applied to the EU Settlement Scheme before 30 June 2021, and are waiting for a decision
    • ", + "

    The visa or permit you need depends on where your partner is from and whether you want to live in the UK after your ceremony.

    ", + "

    You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • a marriage visitor visa - if you\u2019re not going to live in the UK and will stay less than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • a family visa - to live permanently in the UK if your partner is a British citizen, settled in the UK, has refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a family permit - to join your family member from the EU, EEA or Switzerland in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you do not have a marriage visitor visa or family visa

    ", + "

    You can still give notice of your intention to get married or form a civil partnership but the immigration authorities at the Home Office will be told.

    ", + "

    The Home Office might:

    ", + "
  • ask questions about you and your relationship - if this happens you may need to wait up to 70 days before getting married or forming a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • decide not to approve your notice - if this happens you cannot get married or form a civil partnership in the UK
    • ", + "

    Plan your ceremony

    ", + "

    You must decide where to have your marriage or civil partnership ceremony before \u2018giving notice\u2019.

    ", + "

    To give notice, you\u2019ll sign a legal statement at your local register office saying you intend to get married or form a civil partnership. This must include details of the final venue for your ceremony.

    ", + "

    You must hold your ceremony within 12 months of \u2018giving notice\u2019.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and planning a ceremony

    ", + "

    Social distancing and public health restrictions are in place for ceremonies because of coronavirus. Contact your local register office or venue for the ceremony to find out how these will affect you.

    ", + "

    Choose the type of ceremony

    ", + "

    You can choose to have either a religious ceremony or a civil ceremony if you\u2019re getting married.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re forming a civil partnership you cannot have a religious ceremony.

    ", + "

    Religious ceremonies

    ", + "

    A religious wedding can take place at any registered religious building.

    ", + "

    Same-sex couples can get married in a religious building if it has been registered for the marriage of same-sex couples. You cannot get married in an Anglican church as a same-sex couple.

    ", + "

    An authorised person, such as a religious minister, must attend the ceremony and sign the \u2018marriage schedule\u2019 or \u2018marriage document\u2019.

    ", + "

    Check with the venue if there is an authorised person. If not, you\u2019ll need to book a registrar. This costs \u00a386.

    ", + "

    Civil ceremonies

    ", + "

    You can have a civil ceremony at:

    ", + "
  • a register office
    • ", + "
  • any venue approved by the local council, for example a stately home or hotel
    • ", + "

    You must have at least 2 witnesses at the ceremony.

    ", + "

    A registrar must carry out, or be present at, your ceremony. You can book a registrar yourself or the venue may do this for you.

    ", + "

    The cost of a registrar is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a346 at a register office
    • ", + "
  • \u00a386 at a registered religious building
    • ", + "

    Costs may be different at other approved premises.

    ", + "

    What can happen at the ceremony

    ", + "

    You must exchange vows if you\u2019re getting married. Discuss any other wording you want with the person carrying out the ceremony.

    ", + "

    You do not need to exchange vows for a civil partnership, but you can if you\u2019d like to.

    ", + "

    Civil ceremonies can include readings, songs or music, but must not include anything that\u2019s religious (for example hymns or readings from the Bible or the Torah). You can get a religious blessing of your marriage after a civil ceremony.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting married, you and your partner sign the marriage schedule or marriage document at the ceremony. You can each include up to 4 parents on the form (for example mothers, fathers or step-parents).

    ", + "

    After a marriage ceremony

    ", + "

    Your signed marriage schedule or document is sent to your local register office where it\u2019s added to the marriage register. After that, you can get your marriage certificate.

    ", + "

    Contact your local register office to find out how to get your marriage certificate and how long it will take.

    ", + "

    Give notice

    ", + "

    You must sign a legal statement at your local register office to say you intend to get married or form a civil partnership. This is known as \u2018giving notice\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must give notice at least 29 days before your ceremony.

    ", + "

    For example, if you give notice on 1 May, the earliest date you can get married or form a civil partnership is 30 May.

    ", + "

    You must hold your ceremony within 12 months of \u2018giving notice\u2019.

    ", + "

    The process of giving notice might be different for Anglican weddings - check with the wedding venue.

    ", + "

    Where to give notice

    ", + "

    You usually need to make an appointment to give notice at your local register office. You must have lived in that registration district for the past 7 days.

    ", + "

    You and your partner will need to give notice separately if you live in different registration districts. You do not have to do this on the same day.

    ", + "

    If one of you is from outside the UK and you\u2019re giving notice by 30 June 2021

    ", + "

    You and your partner need to give notice together at a designated register office unless you both have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • British or Irish citizenship
    • ", + "
  • EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Swiss citizenship
    • ", + "

    You can give your notice at a designated register office in any district.

    ", + "

    If one of you is from outside the UK and you\u2019re giving notice from 1 July 2021

    ", + "

    You and your partner must give notice together, unless you both have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • British or Irish citizenship
    • ", + "
  • settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • an application to the EU Settlement Scheme that you made before 30 June 2021, which you\u2019re waiting for a decision on
    • ", + "

    You must give your notice together at a register office in the district where at least one of you lives.

    ", + "

    If your partner had already given notice separately before 1 July 2021, they will need to give notice again with you.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need to give notice

    ", + "

    You must bring originals of the following documents to your appointment:

    ", + "
  • details of the final venue for your ceremony
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or UK birth certificate (if you were born before 1 January 1983)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your home address
    • ", + "
  • proof of any name changes (for example, a copy of a deed poll)
    • ", + "

    Until 30 June 2021, you can use a national identity card from the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland instead of a valid passport.

    ", + "

    To prove your address, bring one of the following:

    ", + "
  • valid UK or Irish driving licence
    • ", + "
  • gas, water or electricity bill from the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society statement from the last month
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax bill from the last 12 months
    • ", + "
  • mortgage statement from the last 12 months
    • ", + "
  • current tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • letter from your landlord (dated within the last 7 days) confirming you live there and including your landlord\u2019s name, address and their signature
    • ", + "

    Until 30 June 2021, you can also use a driving licence from the EU, EEA or Switzerland as proof of UK address.

    ", + "

    If your normal address is outside the UK, you\u2019ll need to give details of a UK contact address. For example, this could be your partner, friend or family member\u2019s address.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been married or in a civil partnership before

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to bring one of the following documents:

    ", + "
  • a decree absolute or final order
    • ", + "
  • your former partner\u2019s death certificate
    • ", + "

    You need to bring proof of your divorce, annulment or dissolution if it was granted outside of the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man. You\u2019ll have to pay a fee of \u00a350 for the local register office to check your documents or \u00a375 if the General Register Office needs to check them.

    ", + "

    If you or your partner are from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to bring:

    ", + "

    \u2022 a passport sized photo for each of you (even if only one of you from outside the UK)\n\u2022 proof of your current immigration status (for example, your visa)\n\u2022 a translation of any documents that are not in English

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, EEA or Switzerland

    ", + "

    You will only need to bring the passport photos, proof of your immigration status and translated documents if you\u2019re giving notice on or after 1 July 2021.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re giving notice from 1 July 2021, you\u2019ll also need to bring confirmation of either:

    ", + "
  • your settled or pre-settled status - you\u2019ll need to bring a \u2018share code\u2019 which you can get from the \u2018view and prove your immigration status\u2019 service, which will be valid for 30 days
    • ", + "
  • an application to the EU settlement scheme you made on or before 30 June 2021, which you\u2019re waiting for a decision on - you\u2019ll need to bring your certificate of application
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Register a birth", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-birth", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may not be able to register a birth at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You\u2019ll be able to register at a later date.

    ", + "

    Find out if you can register a birth now by:

    ", + "
  • contacting the local register office
    • ", + "
  • asking at the hospital where the baby was born before the mother leaves
    • ", + "

    There are different rules for registering a birth in Scotland, registering a birth in Northern Ireland and registering a birth abroad.

    ", + "

    Information you need when registering a birth

    ", + "

    When registering the birth, you should know:

    ", + "
  • place and date of the birth
    • ", + "
  • name, surname and sex of the baby
    • ", + "
  • parents\u2019 names, surnames and address
    • ", + "
  • places and dates of parents\u2019 birth
    • ", + "
  • date of parents\u2019 marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • parents\u2019 jobs
    • ", + "
  • mother\u2019s maiden surname
    • ", + "

    What you should take

    ", + "

    If you can register the birth, you should take at least one form of identification when you go to the register office. You can use:

    ", + "
  • passport
    • ", + "
  • birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • deed poll
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • proof of address (for example, a utility bill)
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax bill
    • ", + "
  • marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "

    You should also take your child\u2019s personal child health record or \u2018red book\u2019 as some registrars may ask to see it.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re going to the register office on your own, you may need proof of paternity from the other parent before you give their details.

    ", + "

    Organisations you need to contact

    ", + "

    Having a child might affect your tax, your benefits and services from your local council.

    ", + "

    The Tell Us Once service can report a birth to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) and your local council in one go. The registrar will let you know if this service is available in your area.

    ", + "

    When you go to a Tell Us Once appointment, you\u2019ll be asked about:

    ", + "
  • the people who\u2019ll be named on the birth register
    • ", + "
  • any partners that live with them
    • ", + "

    For each person, you\u2019ll need to know:

    ", + "
  • their address and phone number
    • ", + "
  • their date of birth
    • ", + "
  • their National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • details of any benefits they get or have applied for
    • ", + "

    If the Tell Us Once service is not available in your area, you\u2019ll need to contact Jobcentre Plus and your local council about your benefits and services.

    ", + "

    After the birth is registered

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve registered the birth, you may be able to claim:

    ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "

    Who can register a birth

    ", + "

    Opposite-sex couples

    ", + "

    Married or civil-partner parents

    ", + "

    Either parent can register the birth on their own. They can include both parents\u2019 details if they were married or in a civil partnership when the baby was born or conceived.

    ", + "

    Unmarried parents

    ", + "

    The details of both parents can be included on the birth certificate if one of the following happens:

    ", + "
  • they sign the birth register together
    • ", + "
  • one parent completes a statutory declaration of parentage form and the other takes the signed form to register the birth
    • ", + "
  • one parent goes to register the birth with a document from the court (for example, a court order) giving the father parental responsibility
    • ", + "

    The mother can choose to register the birth without the child\u2019s father if they\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership. The father\u2019s details will not be included on the birth certificate.

    ", + "

    It might be possible to add the father\u2019s details at a later date by completing an application for the re-registration of a child\u2019s birth.

    ", + "

    Same-sex female couples

    ", + "

    Female couples can include both their names on their child\u2019s birth certificate when registering the birth.

    ", + "

    Married or civil-partner parents

    ", + "

    Either parent can register the birth on their own if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • the mother has a child by donor insemination or fertility treatment
    • ", + "
  • she was married or in a civil partnership at the time of the treatment
    • ", + "

    Unmarried, non-civil-partner parents

    ", + "

    When a mother is not married or in a civil partnership, her partner can be seen as the child\u2019s second parent if both women:

    ", + "
  • are treated together in the UK by a licensed clinic
    • ", + "
  • have made a \u2018parenthood agreement\u2019
    • ", + "

    However, for both parents\u2019 details to be recorded on the birth certificate, they must do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • register the birth jointly
    • ", + "
  • complete a \u2018Statutory declaration of acknowledgement of parentage\u2019 form and one parent takes the signed form when she registers the birth
    • ", + "
  • get a document from the court (for example, a court order) giving the second female parent parental responsibility and one parent shows the document when she registers the birth
    • ", + "

    Same-sex male couples

    ", + "

    Male couples must get a parental order from the court before they can be registered as parents.

    ", + "

    Other people who can register a birth

    ", + "

    If the parents cannot register the birth (for example, for medical reasons), certain other people can do it:

    ", + "
  • someone who was present at the birth
    • ", + "
  • someone who is responsible for the child
    • ", + "
  • a member of the administrative staff at the hospital where the child was born
    • ", + "

    Birth certificates

    ", + "

    You may not get a certificate straight away because of coronavirus (COVID-19). The register office will tell you when you can get a certificate.

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of birth certificate:

    ", + "
  • the short version, which contains only the baby\u2019s details
    • ", + "
  • the full version, which also contains the parents\u2019 details
    • ", + "

    Once you have registered the birth, you\u2019ll be able to buy a short or full certificate for your baby. Both kinds cost \u00a311.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claim and deal with Child Benefit for someone else", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-child-benefit-behalf-someone-else", + "contents": [ + "

    If your child has a baby

    ", + "

    You can claim Child Benefit for a child you\u2019re responsible for and their baby.

    ", + "

    If your child is claiming the Child Benefit, you can collect the payment on their behalf by talking to their bank.

    ", + "

    The Child Benefit Office can only pay Child Benefit into one account. This can be a joint account you share with your child, but their name must be on the account too.

    ", + "

    Appointees

    ", + "

    You can apply for the right to deal with the Child Benefit of someone who can\u2019t manage their own affairs, for example because they\u2019re mentally incapable or severely disabled.

    ", + "

    This is called becoming an \u2018appointee\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can apply as an individual or as a voluntary organisation.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paid to deal with someone else\u2019s Child Benefit, you\u2019re known as a \u2018paid agent\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not an appointee if you just help someone complete their claim form.

    ", + "

    How to become an appointee

    ", + "

    Contact the Child Benefit Office to apply. They\u2019ll discuss if becoming an appointee is the best option and tell you what you need to do.

    ", + "

    You can arrange with someone\u2019s bank or the Post Office to collect their payments without becoming an appointee.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    As an appointee, you must do things like:

    ", + "
  • complete the claim form
    • ", + "
  • deal with any letters from the Child Benefit Office
    • ", + "
  • report any changes that affect Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • stop or restart payments where the person or their partner is affected by the High Income Child Benefit Charge
    • ", + "

    The Child Benefit will be paid into your bank account.

    ", + "

    How to become a paid agent

    ", + "

    Your client must send a letter to the Child Benefit Office, saying you can deal with Child Benefit on their behalf.

    ", + "

    Stop or change an appointee or paid agent

    ", + "

    Write to the Child Benefit Office within one month of when you want to stop or change the appointee.

    ", + "

    Authorisation

    ", + "

    The Child Benefit Helpline can only discuss a claim with the person named on the claim form (or their appointee). A partner or someone else can get general advice but they must be \u2018authorised\u2019 to discuss a claim with the helpline.

    ", + "

    The process is different if you act for a lot of clients or you\u2019re a paid agent.

    ", + "

    Get authorised

    ", + "

    The claimant must fill in form TC689, or write a letter with the same information, and send it to the Tax Credit Office - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    The authorisation lasts 12 months unless a different end date is put on the form. It usually takes 2 days to get authorised from when your form is received. Usually, you won\u2019t get a letter confirming the authorisation.

    ", + "

    The Child Benefit Office will also need to have received the claimant\u2019s Child Benefit claim form.

    ", + "

    More than one person can be authorised but they each must send a TC689 form.

    ", + "

    If you act for a lot of clients

    ", + "

    Write to the Tax Credit Office to register as an \u2018intermediary organisation\u2019 if you work in the voluntary sector and act for many people.

    ", + "

    You can get urgent authorisation online if you\u2019re an intermediary organisation and you have a completed TC689. You must keep your client\u2019s completed TC689 for 7 years from the date it was signed.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a paid agent

    ", + "

    Your client must send a letter to the Child Benefit Office, saying you can deal with Child Benefit on their behalf.

    ", + "

    To authorise you to deal with High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge matters they also need to fill in form CH995.

    ", + "

    Cancel an authorisation

    ", + "

    An authorisation can be cancelled by writing to the Child Benefit Office.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Applying for probate", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/applying-for-probate", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Applying for the legal right to deal with someone\u2019s property, money and possessions (their \u2018estate\u2019) when they die is called \u2018applying for probate\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a document that allows you to start dealing with the estate. If the person left a will you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018grant of probate\u2019
    • ", + "
  • \u2018letters of administration with will annexed\u2019 (if the will does not name an executor or the named executor is unable to apply)
    • ", + "

    If the person did not leave a will, you\u2019ll get \u2018letters of administration\u2019.

    ", + "

    This guide and the service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    The process is different in Scotland and different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process.

    ", + "

    When probate is not needed

    ", + "

    You may not need probate if the person who died:

    ", + "
  • had jointly owned land, property, shares or money - these will automatically pass to the surviving owners
    • ", + "
  • only had savings or premium bonds
    • ", + "

    Contact each asset holder (for example a bank or mortgage company) to find out if you\u2019ll need probate to get access to their assets. Every organisation has its own rules.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    Only certain people can apply for probate to deal with the estate of someone who died. It depends on whether the person who died left a will.

    ", + "

    A will states what should happen to a person\u2019s property and belongings (\u2018estate\u2019) after they die. It\u2019s usually valid if it\u2019s been signed by the person who made it and 2 witnesses.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a will

    ", + "

    You can apply for probate if you\u2019re named in the will, or in an update to the will (a \u2018codicil\u2019), as an \u2018executor\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the original will and any updates to apply for probate. These must be original documents, not photocopies.

    ", + "

    If you do not want to apply for probate, fill in a form to give up executor rights.

    ", + "

    Find out what to do if you\u2019re an executor.

    ", + "

    If the person did not leave a will

    ", + "

    The \u2018administrator\u2019 deals with the estate.

    ", + "

    You can apply to become the estate\u2019s administrator if you are 18 or over and you are the most \u2018entitled\u2019 inheritor of the deceased\u2019s estate. This is usually the deceased\u2019s closest living relative.

    ", + "

    Relatives are the most entitled inheritors in the following order:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife or civil partner (including if they were separated)
    • ", + "
  • children (including legally adopted children but not step-children)
    • ", + "
  • grandchildren
    • ", + "
  • great-grandchildren
    • ", + "
  • parents
    • ", + "
  • brothers and sisters
    • ", + "
  • nieces and nephews
    • ", + "
  • half-brothers and half-sisters
    • ", + "
  • half-nieces and half-nephews (the children of the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased)
    • ", + "
  • grandparents
    • ", + "
  • aunts and uncles
    • ", + "
  • cousins
    • ", + "
  • half-aunts and half-uncles (the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased\u2019s parent)
    • ", + "
  • half-cousins (the children of the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased\u2019s parent)
    • ", + "

    To apply, follow the same steps as applying for probate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive \u2018letters of administration\u2019 to prove you have the legal right to deal with the estate.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply if you\u2019re the partner of the person but were not their spouse or civil partner when they died. You\u2019re not automatically entitled to any of their estate, unless you\u2019re able to make changes to the inheritance.

    ", + "

    If you do not want to apply

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the most entitled inheritor and you do not want to apply to be the administrator, you can either:

    ", + "
  • appoint an attorney to act on your behalf - fill in an attorney form or set up a signed enduring power of attorney (EPA) or registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) and get the attorney to send this in with the probate application
    • ", + "
  • nominate up to 2 people to be the next most entitled inheritor - fill in an \u2018intestate\u2019 form and send it to HMCTS Probate
    • ", + "

    Work out who inherits

    ", + "

    The law decides who inherits the estate if there\u2019s no will. Work out who will inherit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need this information to report the estate\u2019s value and find out if there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay.

    ", + "

    Inheritance laws may be different if you live in an EU country.

    ", + "

    Stopping a probate application

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a dispute, you can challenge an application for probate (\u2018enter a caveat\u2019), before it\u2019s granted.

    ", + "

    Find out how to stop a probate application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an executor

    ", + "

    An executor is someone named in a will as responsible for sorting out the estate of the person who\u2019s died.

    ", + "

    The person who died will normally have told you if you\u2019re an executor. You\u2019ll need the original will to apply for probate.

    ", + "

    Find the original will

    ", + "

    The person who died should have told all the executors where to find the original will and any updates, for example:

    ", + "
  • at their house
    • ", + "
  • with a probate practitioner, such as a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • at the Newcastle District Probate Registry - you\u2019ll need the death certificate and evidence you\u2019re the executor
    • ", + "

    Get help from a probate practitioner or Citizens Advice if you cannot understand a will or codicil.

    ", + "

    If you cannot find the original will, you\u2019ll need to fill in a lost will form.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one will, only the most recent will is valid. Do not destroy any copies of earlier wills until you\u2019ve received probate.

    ", + "

    An executor only receives assets if they\u2019re also named as a beneficiary.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one executor

    ", + "

    If more than one person is named as an executor, you must all agree who makes the application for probate.

    ", + "

    Up to 4 executors can be named on the application.

    ", + "

    If only one executor is named on the application they\u2019ll need to prove that they tried to contact all executors named in the will before they applied.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re having problems finding the other executors, you can contact the Probate Call Centre.

    ", + "

    The Probate Call Centre cannot help with disagreements between executors. You\u2019ll need to find another way to reach an agreement - this could mean getting legal advice.

    ", + "

    If you do not want to or cannot be an executor

    ", + "

    The will may name a replacement executor for someone who becomes \u2018unwilling or unable\u2019 to deal with the estate.

    ", + "

    If no executors are willing or able to apply for probate, fill in a form to give up executor rights and send it to HMCTS Probate.

    ", + "

    You do not want to be an executor

    ", + "

    You can do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • completely give up your right to apply for probate (\u2018renunciation\u2019) - fill in a form to give up executor rights and send it with the probate application form
    • ", + "
  • reserve your right to apply for probate later if another executor cannot deal with the estate (holding \u2018power reserved\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • appoint an attorney to act on your behalf - fill in an attorney form or set up a signed enduring power of attorney (EPA) or registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) and send it with the probate application
    • ", + "

    When an executor is unable to apply for probate

    ", + "

    A replacement executor should apply for probate if the executor is unable to, for example because:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve died
    • ", + "
  • they do not have \u2018mental capacity\u2019 - get a doctor to fill in a mental capacity form and send it with the probate application
    • ", + "

    Apply for probate

    ", + "

    You can apply for probate yourself online or by post, or pay a probate practitioner (such as a solicitor) to do it for you.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process. It\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.

    ", + "

    This guide and the service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "
  • Check if you need probate.
    • ", + "
  • Check if you can apply for probate.
    • ", + "
  • You must estimate and report the estate\u2019s value before you apply for probate.
    • ", + "
  • You must find out whether you need to pay Inheritance Tax. If you do have to pay it, send the appropriate forms to HMRC and wait 20 working days before applying for probate.
    • ", + "
  • You must have the original will if you\u2019re the executor (you do not need it if you\u2019re an administrator). You must also have the original death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner.
    • ", + "

    If you need to pay Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    You normally have to pay at least some of the tax before you\u2019ll get probate. You can claim the tax back from the estate, if you pay it out of your own bank account.

    ", + "

    Probate application fees

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a fee to apply for probate. Whether you need to pay depends on the value of the estate.

    ", + "

    If the value of the estate is over \u00a35,000, the application fee is \u00a3215. You may be able to get help to pay the probate fee and other court fees if you have a low income or are on certain benefits.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if the estate is \u00a35,000 or less.

    ", + "

    Extra copies of the probate cost \u00a31.50 each. This means you can send them to different organisations at the same time.

    ", + "

    If the will has been changed or damaged

    ", + "

    You must include a cover letter if the will or any additions have changed in any way since you\u2019ve had them. This includes them being damaged or separated for photocopying.

    ", + "

    The letter should explain what\u2019s been changed and why.

    ", + "

    Get help and advice

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not yet applied and have a question about applying for probate, contact the Courts and Tribunals Service Centre:

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a probate practitioner

    ", + "

    You should apply for probate for your client using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.

    ", + "

    Apply for probate online

    ", + "

    You can use this service if you\u2019re the executor or administrator and you:

    ", + "
  • have the original will and any additions to it (\u2018codicils\u2019) if you\u2019re the executor (you do not need these if you\u2019re an administrator)
    • ", + "
  • have the original death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner
    • ", + "
  • have already reported the estate\u2019s value
    • ", + "
  • have submitted tax forms to HMRC and waited 20 working days, if you need to pay Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "

    The person who died must have lived in England or Wales most of the time.

    ", + "

    The probate registry will keep the original will and any additions to it. If you make a copy of these for your records, do not remove any staples or bindings from them.

    ", + "

    Apply for probate

    ", + "

    Return to an existing probate application.

    ", + "

    Apply for probate by post

    ", + "

    The form you need to fill in depends on whether the person left a will or not.

    ", + "

    Fill in application form PA1P if there is a will.

    ", + "

    Fill in application form PA1A if there is not a will.

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to apply for probate if you can.

    ", + "

    You need to pay before you send the form.

    ", + "

    You can pay by either:

    ", + "
  • calling the Courts and Tribunals Service Centre to pay by credit or debit card - you\u2019ll be given a reference number to send with your documents
    • ", + "
  • sending a cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your documents
    • ", + "

    Send your completed form to HMCTS Probate with the following documents:

    ", + "
  • the original will and any additions to it (\u2018codicils\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • the death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner
    • ", + "

    Use a signed-for or tracked postal service that will deliver to PO boxes to send your documents.

    ", + "

    The death certificate will be returned to you but the will and any additions to it will not be. If you make a copy of the will and any of its additions for your own records, do not remove any staples or bindings from them.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the grant of probate or letters of administration within 8 weeks of sending in your original documents. If you ordered copies of these documents for use outside the UK, these will take longer to arrive.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.

    ", + "

    You should not make any financial plans or put property on the market until you have received the grant of probate or letters of administration.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s anything wrong with the grant of probate (or letters of administration), return it to the district probate registry listed on the grant or letters.

    ", + "

    Send a copy to organisations that hold the assets of the person who died, for example their bank.

    ", + "

    Once you have probate you can start dealing with the estate.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get a declaration of presumed death", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-declaration-presumed-death", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can make a claim for a \u2018declaration of presumed death\u2019 from the High Court if someone you know in England and Wales has been missing for:

    ", + "
  • 7 years or more
    • ", + "
  • less than 7 years and you think they\u2019ve died, for example they went missing during a natural disaster
    • ", + "

    A missing person is not automatically presumed dead.

    ", + "

    You must make a claim for a declaration of presumed death if you want to do certain things, for example deal with their estate.

    ", + "

    Who can make a claim

    ", + "

    You can make a claim if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • parent
    • ", + "
  • child
    • ", + "
  • sibling
    • ", + "

    If none of these apply, you\u2019ll need to prove to the court that you have enough of a connection to the missing person (\u2018sufficient interest\u2019), for example you\u2019re a distant relative and you have a birth certificate to prove it.

    ", + "

    What else must be true to make a claim

    ", + "

    To make a claim one or more of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you treat England or Wales as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date you make the claim
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you\u2019ve been living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date you make the claim
    • ", + "
  • the missing person treated England or Wales as their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date they were last known to be alive
    • ", + "
  • the missing person was living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date they were last known to be alive
    • ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3528 to get a declaration of presumed death. You may be able to get help paying court fees.

    ", + "

    Make a claim for a declaration of presumed death

    ", + "

    You can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.

    ", + "
  • Make your claim.
    • ", + "
  • Advertise your claim in a newspaper.
    • ", + "
  • Attend a hearing.
    • ", + "

    Make your claim

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a claim form (N208) with details about:

    ", + "
  • yourself - known as the \u2018claimant\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the missing person - known as the \u2018defendant\u2019
    • ", + "
  • your claim
    • ", + "

    Include relevant information about your claim in the section \u2018details of your claim\u2019.

    ", + "

    Send the following to a court that can hear High Court cases.

    ", + "
  • form N208 - 1 copy for each person named in the form plus a copy for the court
    • ", + "
  • any supporting evidence, for example statements from witnesses, police reports
    • ", + "
  • the claim fee of \u00a3528 - make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019
    • ", + "

    The court will stamp your form with an issue date and keep one copy. You\u2019ll get the other copies back, along with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number.

    ", + "

    Send copies of your claim to other people

    ", + "

    Send a copy of form N208 and an acknowledgement of service form within 7 days of the issue date on the form to:

    ", + "
  • the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, parents, children and siblings - if none of these are alive send it to the missing person\u2019s nearest relative
    • ", + "
  • any other person or organisation who might have an interest, for example an insurance company
    • ", + "

    You must advertise your application in a newspaper within 7 days.

    ", + "

    Advertise your claim in a newspaper

    ", + "

    You must advertise your application in a newspaper local to the missing person\u2019s last known address.

    ", + "

    Place the advert within 7 days of the issue date stamped on the claim form.

    ", + "

    Use standard text for the advert

    ", + "

    Use the following text and make sure you:

    ", + "
  • put your case number after the words case number
    • ", + "
  • replace or delete as appropriate the words in square brackets with the relevant details
    • ", + "

    Standard text

    ", + "

    \u201cIn the High Court of Justice [Chancery] [Family] Division

    ", + "

    Case number.

    ", + "

    In the matter of an application for a declaration of the presumed death of [insert the missing person\u2019s name].

    ", + "

    A claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, for a declaration that [insert missing person\u2019s name] whose last known address was [insert missing person\u2019s address] is presumed to be dead. Any person having an interest may apply to the court to intervene in the matter.

    ", + "

    If you wish to apply to the court, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and if possible within 21 days of the date of this notice. Delay may harm your prospects of being able to intervene.

    ", + "

    (If the claimant is legally represented) \n [Name of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n [Address of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n (If the claimant is not legally represented) \n [Claimant\u2019s address for service]\u201d

    ", + "

    Send a copy to the court

    ", + "

    Send the court a copy of the newspaper page showing the advertisement so it arrives at least 5 days before your court hearing.

    ", + "

    Attend a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to attend a hearing about your claim with a High Court judge - this should be within 2 months of making your claim.

    ", + "

    Bring any relevant documents.

    ", + "

    Your claim may be challenged at the hearing if someone gets a copy of the claim form or sees the advert.

    ", + "

    At the hearing you might be:

    ", + "
  • asked for more information - the court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need
    • ", + "
  • told there has to be another hearing - there may be several hearings before a decision is made
    • ", + "

    If the court agrees with your application, you\u2019ll get a declaration of presumed death at the hearing or later by letter.

    ", + "

    Get a certificate of presumed death

    ", + "

    Apply to the General Register Office for a certificate of presumed death.

    ", + "

    You can only do this after you have a declaration of presumed death that is not appealed and the time for appealing against the decision has passed.

    ", + "

    You can usually apply for the certificate 21 days after you get the declaration, unless there\u2019s an appeal or an application for permission to appeal the decision.

    ", + "

    The certificate can be used like a normal death certificate, for example to deal with a missing person\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a311.

    ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    Contact the Civil Appeals Office to appeal against the High Court\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    Use the complaints guidance if you\u2019re not happy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Change or cancel a presumption of death certificate", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-cancel-presumption-death-certificate", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to cancel (\u2018revoke\u2019) or change (\u2018vary\u2019) the details of a declaration of presumed death from the High Court if you can prove the missing person:

    ", + "
  • is still alive
    • ", + "
  • died at a time earlier or later than the time of death in the original declaration
    • ", + "

    You can also make a claim if you can prove there are other circumstances that mean the declaration of presumed death should be cancelled or changed.

    ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3480 to change or cancel a declaration of presumed death. Read the fees leaflet to find out when you might not have to pay.

    ", + "

    Make a claim for a declaration of presumed death

    ", + "

    You can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.

    ", + "
  • Make your claim.
    • ", + "
  • Advertise your claim in a newspaper.
    • ", + "
  • Attend a hearing.
    • ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    Download and fill in claim form N208.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re known as the \u2018claimant\u2019 if you\u2019re making the claim.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on filling in form N208. Include all the information asked for in \u2018claim for variation order\u2019 in your application.

    ", + "

    Send the claim to a court that can hear High Court cases.

    ", + "

    You should include:

    ", + "
  • N208 form - one copy for each person named in the form plus a copy for the court
    • ", + "
  • the claim fee of \u00a3480 - make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019
    • ", + "

    The court will stamp your form with an issue date and keep one copy of your N208 form. You\u2019ll get the other copies back, along with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number.

    ", + "

    Send copies of your claim to other people

    ", + "

    Send a copy of form N208 with an acknowledgment of service form within 7 days of the issue date the court has put on the form to:

    ", + "
  • the person who made the original claim
    • ", + "
  • the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, parents, children and siblings - if none of these are alive, send it to the missing person\u2019s nearest relative
    • ", + "
  • any other person or organisation who might have an interest, eg an insurance company
    • ", + "

    You must advertise your claim in a newspaper within 7 days.

    ", + "

    Advertise your claim in a newspaper

    ", + "

    You must advertise your claim in a newspaper local to the missing person\u2019s last known address.

    ", + "

    Place the advert within 7 days of the issue date stamped on the claim form.

    ", + "

    Use standard text for the advert

    ", + "

    Use the following text. You\u2019ll need to delete some words and replace others in the square brackets with the right details.

    ", + "

    Standard text

    ", + "

    \u201cIn the High Court of Justice [Chancery] [Family] Division

    ", + "

    Case number [insert case number]

    ", + "

    In the matter of an application for a declaration of the presumed death of [insert the missing person\u2019s name].

    ", + "

    A claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, for a variation of a declaration that [insert missing person\u2019s name] whose last known address was [insert missing person\u2019s address] is presumed to be dead. Any person having an interest may apply to the court to intervene in the matter.

    ", + "

    If you wish to apply to the court, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and if possible within 21 days of the date of this notice. Delay may harm your prospects of being able to intervene.

    ", + "

    (If the claimant is legally represented) \n [Name of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n [Address of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n (If the claimant is not legally represented) \n [Claimant\u2019s address for service]\u201d

    ", + "

    You\u2019re known as the \u2018claimant\u2019 if you\u2019re making the claim.

    ", + "

    Send a copy to the court

    ", + "

    Send the court a copy of the newspaper page showing the advertisement. It must arrive at least 5 days before your court hearing.

    ", + "

    Attend a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to attend a hearing about your claim with a High Court judge - this should be within 2 months of making your claim.

    ", + "

    Bring any relevant documents.

    ", + "

    Your claim may be challenged by someone who\u2019s received a copy of the claim form or seen the advert.

    ", + "

    At the hearing you might:

    ", + "
  • be asked for more information - the court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need
    • ", + "
  • be told there has to be another hearing - there may be several hearings before a decision is made
    • ", + "

    If the court agrees with your application, you\u2019ll get the order changed or cancelled at the hearing or by letter later.

    ", + "

    Get a certificate of presumed death

    ", + "

    Apply to the General Register Office for a certificate of presumed death.

    ", + "

    You can only do this after you have a declaration of presumed death that is not appealed and the time for appealing against the decision has passed.

    ", + "

    You can usually apply for the certificate 21 days after you get the declaration, unless there\u2019s an appeal or an application for permission to appeal the decision.

    ", + "

    The certificate can be used like a normal death certificate, eg to deal with a missing person\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a39.25.

    ", + "

    The certificate will state when the missing person is presumed to have died.

    ", + "

    Call the General Register Office to get a certificate.

    ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    Call or write to the Civil Appeals Office to appeal against the High Court\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    Use the complaints guidance if you\u2019re not happy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.

    ", + "

    You cannot complain about the decision.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Telling DVLA after someone dies", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-dvla-about-bereavement", + "contents": [ + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You can use the Tell Us Once service to notify DVLA when someone dies if it\u2019s available in your area.

    ", + "

    You still have to tell DVLA separately when you:

    ", + "
  • sell the vehicle
    • ", + "
  • keep the vehicle (even if it\u2019s temporary and you\u2019re not using it)
    • ", + "
  • keep a personalised registration number (you\u2019ll need to do this before you sell the vehicle)
    • ", + "

    If Tell Us Once is not available in your area

    ", + "

    Write to DVLA to tell them a driver has died. Include the person\u2019s driving licence with your letter, if you have it.

    ", + "

    Your letter must include:

    ", + "
  • your relationship to the person who died
    • ", + "
  • the date they died
    • ", + "
  • their name, address and date of birth
    • ", + "

    Send the letter to:

    ", + "

    You do not need to send a death certificate.

    ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you need help.

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Keeping a vehicle

    ", + "

    Tell DVLA that you\u2019re the new keeper of the vehicle and tax it in your own name straight away.

    ", + "

    You cannot transfer vehicle tax from another person. You must tax the vehicle in your name even if you\u2019re taking over ownership as a family member or looking after it for a short time.

    ", + "

    You can be prosecuted if you use the vehicle on a public road before taxing it in your own name and insuring it.

    ", + "

    What you do depends on whether you have the vehicle log book (V5C).

    ", + "

    If you have the vehicle log book (V5C)

    ", + "
  • Fill in section 2 if you have a new style log book with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover. Fill in section 6 if you have the older style log book.
    • ", + "
  • Tear off and keep the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip.
    • ", + "
  • Write a letter explaining your relationship to the person who died, the date they died and who should be paid any vehicle tax refund.
    • ", + "
  • Send the V5C with your letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team. Also include form V890 if you want to register the vehicle as off the road (SORN) instead of taxing it.
    • ", + "
  • DVLA will immediately cancel any existing vehicle tax and direct debits, and send a cheque for any refund and a new V5C.
    • ", + "
  • Use the new keeper slip to tax the vehicle in your name before you use it on a public road. Do not wait for the new V5C.
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the vehicle log book (V5C)

    ", + "
  • Fill in form V62 to apply for a V5C. There\u2019s a \u00a325 fee.
    • ", + "
  • Write a letter explaining your relationship to the person who died, the date they died and who should be paid any vehicle tax refund.
    • ", + "
  • Send the V62 and fee with your letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team. Also include form V890 if you want to register the vehicle as off the road (SORN) instead of taxing it.
    • ", + "
  • DVLA will immediately cancel any existing vehicle tax and direct debits, and send you a new V5C.
    • ", + "
  • Use your new V5C to tax the vehicle.
    • ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you need help.

    ", + "

    Selling a vehicle

    ", + "

    What you do depends on whether you have the vehicle log book (V5C).

    ", + "

    If you have the vehicle log book (V5C)

    ", + "

    Write a letter explaining:

    ", + "
  • your relationship to the person who died
    • ", + "
  • the date the person died
    • ", + "
  • who should be paid any vehicle tax refund (vehicle tax cannot be transferred to a new owner)
    • ", + "

    Send the letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team with the right part of the V5C. The part you send depends on whether you\u2019re selling the vehicle to a private individual or a motor trader.

    ", + "

    Selling to a private individual

    ", + "
  • Fill in section 2 if you have a new style log book with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover. Fill in section 6 if you have the older style log book.
    • ", + "
  • Give the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip to the buyer.
    • ", + "
  • Send the V5C with your letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team.
    • ", + "

    Selling to a motor trader

    ", + "
  • Get the motor trader to fill in the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section of the log book.
    • ", + "
  • Send the perforated section with your letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team.
    • ", + "
  • Give the motor trader the rest of the V5C.
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the vehicle log book (V5C)

    ", + "

    When you sell the car tell the buyer they\u2019ll need to fill in form V62 to apply for a V5C. There\u2019s a \u00a325 fee.

    ", + "

    You need to write a letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team to tell them you\u2019ve sold the vehicle. Your letter needs to say:

    ", + "
  • the date you sold the vehicle
    • ", + "
  • your relationship to the person who died
    • ", + "
  • the date they died
    • ", + "
  • who should be paid any vehicle tax refund
    • ", + "
  • the buyer\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you need help.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Valuing the estate of someone who's died", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/valuing-estate-of-someone-who-died", + "contents": [ + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    As part of applying for probate, you need to value the money, property and possessions (\u2018estate\u2019) of the person who\u2019s died.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need probate for all estates. Check if you need it.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You need to complete 3 main tasks when you value the estate.

    ", + "
  • Contact organisations such as banks or utility providers about the person\u2019s assets and debts.
    • ", + "
  • Estimate the estate\u2019s value. This will affect how you report the value to HMRC, and the deadlines for reporting and paying any Inheritance Tax. Most estates aren\u2019t taxed.
    • ", + "
  • Report the value to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).
    • ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    The process of valuing the estate can take 6 to 9 months, or longer for big or complicated estates (for example if they involve trusts or there\u2019s tax to pay).

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to value the estate straight away after someone dies. There are only deadlines if the estate owes Inheritance Tax.

    ", + "

    If it does, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • send Inheritance Tax forms within one year
    • ", + "
  • start paying tax by the end of the sixth month after the person died - you can make a payment before you finish valuing the estate
    • ", + "

    Getting help

    ", + "

    You can hire a professional (for example a solicitor) to help with some or all of the tasks involved with valuing an estate.

    ", + "

    Money Advice Service has guidance on when and how to hire a professional. Law Donut has advice on keeping solicitors\u2019 fees down.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC to get help with:

    ", + "
  • probate
    • ", + "
  • Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "

    Contact organisations about assets and debts

    ", + "

    To help you value the estate of the person who died, write to organisations to find out about the person\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • assets, for example banks and pension providers
    • ", + "
  • debts, such as utility companies, mortgage lenders and credit card companies
    • ", + "

    In your letter:

    ", + "
  • ask for the value of the asset or debt when the person died
    • ", + "
  • include a copy of the death certificate
    • ", + "

    Which organisations to contact

    ", + "

    Find organisations to contact about the person\u2019s assets and debts by searching through their papers. You can also ask friends, family and any solicitor or accountant they had.

    ", + "

    Organisations that hold a person\u2019s assets often include:

    ", + "
  • their bank
    • ", + "
  • their pension provider - ask if you should include any private pension when you value the estate
    • ", + "
  • their employer - the person may be owed wages
    • ", + "
  • any companies they held shares in - include the number of shares, company details and the share certificate number (if you have it)
    • ", + "
  • National Savings and Investments (NS&I) for Premium Bonds - use the free tracing service if you can\u2019t find certificates
    • ", + "
  • other organisations that hold assets like ISAs, shares, investments or assets in a trust
    • ", + "
  • their landlord, if they had one - the person may have paid rent in advance
    • ", + "

    In your letter to the bank, also ask for:

    ", + "
  • any standing orders and direct debits to be stopped (or transferred if they were in a joint name)
    • ", + "
  • a list of any share certificates or deeds they were holding for the person who died
    • ", + "

    If the person had a mortgage

    ", + "

    Ask the mortgage lender if they require payments to continue while you\u2019re applying for probate. If they do, you need to either:

    ", + "
  • pay these bills yourself - and reclaim them from the estate once you\u2019ve got probate
    • ", + "
  • check if the person had a life assurance or mortgage protection policy that covers these payments
    • ", + "

    Estimate the estate\u2019s value

    ", + "

    You need an estimate of the estate\u2019s value to find out if there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay.

    ", + "

    The estate won\u2019t have to pay tax as long as it either:

    ", + "
  • all passes to the dead person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, a charity or a community amateur sports club
    • ", + "
  • has a value below the Inheritance Tax threshold of \u00a3325,000
    • ", + "

    If the person who died was widowed or is giving away their home to their children, the tax threshold can be higher.

    ", + "

    Whether there\u2019s tax to pay will affect how you report the estate\u2019s value, and the deadlines for reporting and paying any tax.

    ", + "

    Working out your estimate

    ", + "

    You need to estimate the \u2018gross\u2019 value of the estate. This is the value of the assets plus \u2018gifts\u2019.

    ", + "

    Gifts are certain assets (for example cash) given away in the 7 years before the person died.

    ", + "

    At this stage, your estimate only needs to be accurate enough for you to know if the estate owes tax.

    ", + "

    Assets

    ", + "

    Start by listing the person\u2019s assets - the things the person owned with a value.

    ", + "

    These may include:

    ", + "
  • assets held by organisations you\u2019ve written to - such as money in the person\u2019s bank account, pension or investments
    • ", + "
  • possessions - for example their house, jewellery, furniture or car
    • ", + "
  • payments when they died - for example life insurance or a lump sum \u2018death benefit\u2019 from a pension
    • ", + "

    Then estimate the value of each on the date the person died. Use the asset\u2019s realistic selling price on the open market.

    ", + "

    Include all assets in your estimate, including any left to the person\u2019s spouse, civil partner or a charity. You won\u2019t pay tax on these assets.

    ", + "

    Valuing joint assets

    ", + "

    Divide the value of the asset by 2 if it was owned jointly with the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    For property or land shared with others, divide the value by the number of owners. You can then take 10% off the share of the person who died. In Scotland, take \u00a34,000 off the value of the whole asset before working out their share instead.

    ", + "

    If the person jointly owned property as a tenant in common, work out the value based on the person\u2019s share.

    ", + "

    Some bank accounts are in joint names for convenience only, for example if an elderly person added their child to help them with the account. When valuing the account, use the amount the person actually owned, rather than dividing by the number of owners.

    ", + "

    Gifts

    ", + "

    Check bank statements or contact family members to find out about gifts of cash or other assets:

    ", + "
  • in the 7 years before the person died if they totalled \u00a33,000 or more per year - don\u2019t include exempt gifts, such as those for birthdays or weddings
    • ", + "
  • at any time if they continued to benefit from a gift (for example they gave a house away but lived in it rent-free) or put a gift in a trust
    • ", + "

    To estimate the value of each gift, use either:

    ", + "
  • the approximate market value (realistic selling price) of the gift when it was made
    • ", + "
  • the realistic selling price of the gift when the deceased stopped benefitting from it (if they benefitted from the gift after giving it away)
    • ", + "

    If the person gave away more than \u00a3325,000 before they died, the recipients may have to pay Inheritance Tax on their gifts.

    ", + "

    Debts

    ", + "

    Don\u2019t include the estate\u2019s debts when you estimate the gross value - but you\u2019ll need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about them when you report the value of the estate.

    ", + "

    Check for records of debts when the person died, for example:

    ", + "
  • their mortgage, loans, credit cards or overdrafts
    • ", + "
  • \u2018liabilities\u2019 like household bills or bills for goods or services they\u2019d received but not yet paid for (like building work, decorators, accountants)
    • ", + "

    Get the gross value of the estate

    ", + "

    Add the assets to any gifts to get the gross value. Ignore the debts at this stage.

    ", + "

    You can now start telling HMRC about the value of the estate.

    ", + "

    Report the estate\u2019s value to HMRC

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve estimated the value of the estate you can:

    ", + "
  • start reporting the value in detail to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - you\u2019ll find out whether you can report everything online or if you\u2019ll need a paper form
    • ", + "
  • find out if there\u2019s tax to pay and when to pay it
    • ", + "

    Report the estate\u2019s value

    ", + "

    You can also continue a report you\u2019ve already started.

    ", + "

    Before you start

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • have an estimate of the gross value of the estate
    • ", + "
  • have told organisations that the person has died - you\u2019ll need this to give accurate valuations of the person\u2019s assets or debts
    • ", + "

    As part of telling HMRC about the estate, you work out its detailed \u2018net\u2019 value - this is assets plus gifts minus debts. You\u2019ll need to know the net value if you need to apply for probate.

    ", + "

    Getting more accurate valuations

    ", + "

    When telling HMRC about Inheritance Tax, you\u2019ll usually need more accurate valuations of the estate. This includes using a professional valuer for things over \u00a31,500.

    ", + "

    You can continue using estimates if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • the estate\u2019s gross value is less than \u00a3250,000
    • ", + "
  • all the estate passes to the dead person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, a charity or organisations like museums or community amateur sports clubs
    • ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC to get help with:

    ", + "
  • probate
    • ", + "
  • Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "

    Records

    ", + "

    You must keep certain records after you value an estate.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask to see your records up to 20 years after Inheritance Tax is paid.

    ", + "

    You must keep copies of any:

    ", + "
  • will
    • ", + "
  • copies of signed Inheritance Tax forms and supporting documents
    • ", + "
  • records showing how you worked out the value of assets in the estate, for example an estate agent\u2019s valuation
    • ", + "
  • documents showing any unused Inheritance Tax threshold that can be transferred to a surviving spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • final accounts
    • ", + "

    Final accounts

    ", + "

    Include any documents showing how you distributed money, property or personal belongings from the estate, for example:

    ", + "
  • letters from HMRC confirming that you paid Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "
  • receipts showing debts paid, for example utilities bills
    • ", + "
  • receipts for your expenses from dealing with the estate
    • ", + "
  • written confirmation that \u2018beneficiaries\u2019 (anyone who inherited) received their share of the estate
    • ", + "

    Send copies of the final accounts to all beneficiaries.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claim or refer an unclaimed estate", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unclaimed-estates-bona-vacantia", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When someone dies with no will or known family, their property passes to the Crown as ownerless property (or \u2018bona vacantia\u2019). It can be any kind of property, like buildings, money or personal possessions.

    ", + "

    You could be entitled to a share of a deceased relative\u2019s property (\u2018estate\u2019) if you\u2019re a relative.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "
  • Check if the estate is listed with the Crown.
    • ", + "
  • Make sure you\u2019re an entitled relative.
    • ", + "
  • Make a claim on the estate.
    • ", + "

    If an estate is not listed, you can tell the Crown about an estate you think is unclaimed.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a relative

    ", + "

    You can apply for a grant from the estate if you think you may be entitled to a share of a deceased person\u2019s estate (for example if you lived together or you cared for them).

    ", + "

    Who to contact

    ", + "

    The Government Legal Department handles bona vacantia in England and Wales (except in the Duchies of Cornwall and Lancaster).

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a list of unclaimed estates published by the Government Legal Department.

    ", + "

    Adverts and claims

    ", + "

    The Government Legal Department advertises to find entitled relatives. If you reply to an advert, you have to prove your relationship with the deceased, for example with a birth, marriage or death certificate.

    ", + "

    Other bodies that represent the Crown

    ", + "

    Elsewhere, bona vacantia is dealt with by:

    ", + "
  • in the Duchies of Cornwall and Lancaster - Farrer and Co
    • ", + "
  • in Scotland - The Queen\u2019s and Lord Treasurer\u2019s Remembrancer
    • ", + "
  • in Northern Ireland - phone the Crown Solicitor\u2019s Office for Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Check if you're an entitled relative

    ", + "

    You need to know if you\u2019re entitled before making a claim on an estate. The general rules are:

    ", + "
  • if there\u2019s no will, the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and then any children have first claim to the estate
    • ", + "
  • if there\u2019s no spouse or child, anyone descended from a grandparent of the person is entitled to a share in the estate
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re related by marriage you have no entitlement
    • ", + "

    Find out if you\u2019re entitled to a share of the estate.

    ", + "

    Adopted people

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re adopted:

    ", + "
  • you have the same rights as if you\u2019d been born into your adoptive family
    • ", + "
  • you have no rights to an estate of your original birth family
    • ", + "

    Only the adoptive family have rights to the estate if the deceased person was adopted.

    ", + "

    Make a claim on an estate

    ", + "

    If you think you\u2019re entitled to an estate in England and Wales (but not Cornwall or Lancashire):

    ", + "
  • Find the estate.
    • ", + "
  • Make sure you\u2019re an entitled relative.
    • ", + "
  • Make a claim on the estate.
    • ", + "

    In the Duchies of Cornwall and Lancaster, Scotland or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Contact the relevant body representing the Crown.

    ", + "

    Evidence you need

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to send a family tree showing your relationship and 2 pieces of identification:

    ", + "
  • one showing your name
    • ", + "
  • one showing your name and address, dated within the last 3 months
    • ", + "

    You might also be asked to send birth, death or marriage certificates.

    ", + "

    Refer an estate

    ", + "

    If you know someone who has died with no will or known blood relatives, you can tell one of the bodies representing the Crown about their estate.

    ", + "

    You should only refer an estate if:

    ", + "
  • the person didn\u2019t leave a will
    • ", + "
  • there are no blood relatives
    • ", + "
  • the person left more funds than debt \u2013 otherwise the estate is \u2018insolvent\u2019
    • ", + "

    How to refer an estate

    ", + "

    In England and Wales (except the Duchies of Cornwall or Lancaster), you can download the forms to refer the estate.

    ", + "

    The Government Legal Department only handles estates worth \u00a3500 or more.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, Northern Ireland or the Duchies of Cornwall or Lancaster contact the relevant body representing the Crown.

    ", + "

    Grants from a deceased person's estate

    ", + "

    You can apply for a grant from a deceased person\u2019s estate if you could have expected to benefit from it. This could be where you:

    ", + "
  • provided the person with free services like washing, cleaning, cooking, shopping, home repairs or care where they might otherwise have had to pay
    • ", + "
  • lived together with the person (as their partner or as a friend) but were not married
    • ", + "
  • represent a charity or other body that cared for the person at considerable expense
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to be related to the person to apply.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    In England and Wales (but not Cornwall or Lancashire) apply to the Government Legal Department.

    ", + "

    Contact the Government Legal Department stating that you\u2019re claiming a \u2018discretionary grant\u2019, including as much supporting information as possible.

    ", + "

    In Cornwall, Lancashire, Scotland or Northern Ireland, apply to the relevant body representing the Crown.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Making a will", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-will", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your will lets you decide what happens to your money, property and possessions after your death.

    ", + "

    If you make a will you can also make sure you do not pay more Inheritance Tax than you need to.

    ", + "

    You can write your will yourself, but you should get advice if your will is not straightforward.

    ", + "

    You need to get your will formally witnessed and signed to make it legally valid.

    ", + "

    If you want to update your will, you need to make an official alteration (called a \u2018codicil\u2019) or make a new will.

    ", + "

    If you die without a will, the law decides who gets what.

    ", + "

    Write your will

    ", + "

    Your will should set out:

    ", + "
  • who you want to benefit from your will
    • ", + "
  • who should look after any children under 18
    • ", + "
  • who is going to sort out your estate and carry out your wishes after your death (your executor)
    • ", + "
  • what happens if the people you want to benefit die before you
    • ", + "

    You can also include a charity in your will.

    ", + "

    When you need legal advice

    ", + "

    You can get advice from a professional if your will is not straightforward, for example:

    ", + "
  • you share a property with someone who is not your husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • you want to leave money or property to a dependant who cannot care for themselves
    • ", + "
  • you have several family members who may make a claim on your will, such as a second spouse or children from another marriage
    • ", + "
  • your permanent home is outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have property overseas
    • ", + "
  • you have a business
    • ", + "

    Keep your will safe

    ", + "

    You can keep your will at your home or store it with:

    ", + "
  • your solicitor
    • ", + "
  • your bank
    • ", + "
  • a company that offers the storage of wills - you can search online
    • ", + "
  • the London Probate Service
    • ", + "

    Read full guidance on storing your will with the Probate\nService.

    ", + "

    You should tell your executor (the person you\u2019ve chosen to carry out your will), a close friend or relative where your will is.

    ", + "

    Make sure your will is legal

    ", + "

    For your will to be legally valid, you must:

    ", + "
  • be 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • make it voluntarily
    • ", + "
  • be of sound mind
    • ", + "
  • make it in writing
    • ", + "
  • sign it in the presence of 2 witnesses who are both over 18
    • ", + "
  • have it signed by your 2 witnesses, in your presence
    • ", + "

    Signing can be witnessed both in person and remotely (for example by video conferencing). In both cases:

    ", + "
  • you must have a clear view of the person and the act of signing
    • ", + "
  • the will maker (or person authorised to sign on their behalf) and witnesses must sign the same document
    • ", + "

    You can only sign remotely in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    If you make any changes to your will you must follow the same signing and witnessing process.

    ", + "

    You cannot leave your witnesses (or their married partners) anything in your will.

    ", + "

    Update your will

    ", + "

    You should review your will every 5 years and after any major change in your life, for example:

    ", + "
  • getting separated or divorced
    • ", + "
  • getting married (this cancels any will you made before)
    • ", + "
  • having a child
    • ", + "
  • moving house
    • ", + "
  • if the executor named in the will dies
    • ", + "

    Making changes to your will

    ", + "

    You cannot amend your will after it\u2019s been signed and witnessed. The only way you can change a will is by making an official alteration called a codicil.

    ", + "

    You must sign a codicil and get it witnessed in the same way as witnessing a will.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no limit on how many codicils you can add to a will.

    ", + "

    Making a new will

    ", + "

    For major changes you should make a new will.

    ", + "

    Your new will should explain that it revokes (officially cancels) all previous wills and codicils. You should destroy your old will by burning it or tearing it up.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Make a statutory will on behalf of someone else", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-statutory-will", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Apply to the Court of Protection if you want to make (or change) a will on behalf of someone who cannot do it themselves.

    ", + "

    This may be because, for example:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness
    • ", + "
  • they have dementia
    • ", + "

    You can apply when the person is not able to understand:

    ", + "
  • what making or changing a will means
    • ", + "
  • how much money they have or what property they own
    • ", + "
  • how making or changing a will might affect the people they know (either those mentioned in the will or those left out)
    • ", + "

    Someone who has lost the mental capacity to manage their finances may still have the ability to make a will. A solicitor will usually be able to tell you if they are.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "
  • Download, fill in and return the forms with details of the proposed will and supporting documents.
    • ", + "
  • Tell other people that you\u2019ve applied.
    • ", + "
  • Attend a hearing if the Court of Protection decides to hold one.
    • ", + "
  • Sign the will, have it witnessed and send it to the Court of Protection to have it \u2018sealed\u2019.
    • ", + "

    Emergency applications

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Court of Protection for an emergency decision on a statutory will if the person you\u2019re applying for only has a short time to live.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice from:

    ", + "
  • a solicitor - you\u2019ll have to pay for this
    • ", + "
  • organisations which give advice for free, for example Citizens Advice Bureau
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the following forms to apply to make a will on behalf of someone, or to make changes to their existing will:

    ", + "
  • application form (COP1)
    • ", + "
  • witness statement (COP24)
    • ", + "
  • information form (COP1C)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to prove to the Court of Protection that the person is not able to make a will by themselves.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in assessment of capacity form (COP3) - you\u2019ll need to get the person\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to fill in the relevant parts.

    ", + "

    Send the completed forms, your supporting documents and payment to the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include the following information and documents:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the person\u2019s current will and any amendments (\u2018codicils\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the proposed new will or codicil
    • ", + "
  • a copy of any deputyship order
    • ", + "
  • details of the people who have agreed to deal with the will after the person\u2019s death (\u2018executors\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a copy of any registered lasting power of attorney or registered enduring power of attorney
    • ", + "
  • the person\u2019s family tree
    • ", + "
  • reasons the person might be expected to provide for people named in the will (\u2018beneficiaries\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • the person\u2019s address and details about where they\u2019re living, for example care home, hospital
    • ", + "

    You must also provide:

    ", + "
  • details of the person\u2019s estate and assets
    • ", + "
  • accounts showing their estimated income and outgoings
    • ", + "
  • details of any inheritance tax payable in the event of the person\u2019s death
    • ", + "

    Acting in the other person\u2019s best interest

    ", + "

    Decisions taken on someone\u2019s behalf must always be in their best interest. You must consider:

    ", + "
  • what they would do if they were able to make a will themselves
    • ", + "
  • their beliefs and personal values
    • ", + "
  • how they\u2019ve acted and made decisions for themselves in the past
    • ", + "

    Read the Court of Protection practice direction (9E) for more information and an example of a statutory will.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    An application for a statutory will costs \u00a3365.

    ", + "

    You may also have to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3485 if the court decides to hold a hearing (including telephone hearings)
    • ", + "
  • solicitor\u2019s fees if a solicitor is appointed by the Official Solicitor to act as the person\u2019s litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • Counsel\u2019s fees (if there are any)
    • ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    Send a cheque for \u00a3365 made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your completed forms and supporting documents.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told when you need to pay any additional costs, for example for court hearings.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim back any fees you pay from the estate of the person you\u2019re applying for.

    ", + "

    Exemptions and refunds

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay an application or hearing fee, depending on the circumstances of the person you\u2019re applying for, for example they:

    ", + "
  • have low (or no) income
    • ", + "
  • are on certain types of benefit
    • ", + "

    Download and fill in the application for a fee remission form and send it the Court of Protection with your application forms. The form contains guidance about exemptions.

    ", + "

    The fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving your application.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection will send you a letter to confirm that your application has been received.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get a stamped copy of your application form and a \u2018directions order\u2019 from the court telling you what to do next.

    ", + "

    The Official Solicitor

    ", + "

    The directions order might tell you to write to the Official Solicitor to tell them about your application. The Official Solicitor makes sure that people who cannot make decisions for themselves have someone to represent them in court cases.

    ", + "

    Tell people named in your application

    ", + "

    Your directions order will say who you must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) about your application. This could include the person who the application is about and:

    ", + "
  • anyone named in an existing will who would be affected financially, for example they are not a beneficiary in the new will
    • ", + "
  • anyone who would be expected to benefit if the person were to die without a will (\u2018intestate\u2019), for example family members
    • ", + "
  • any other people named on your application
    • ", + "
  • the Official Solicitor
    • ", + "

    You must serve both of the following documents within 14 days of the application being issued:

    ", + "
  • notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)
    • ", + "
  • acknowledgment of service form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about the application and register any objection
    • ", + "

    You can serve them:

    ", + "
  • by post to their home address
    • ", + "
  • by fax or email
    • ", + "
  • in person
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given time to reach a decision with the people you\u2019ve served. The Court of Protection may hold a hearing if you cannot.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection will tell you if:

    ", + "
  • your application\u2019s been approved or rejected
    • ", + "
  • you have to provide more information, for example further medical reports
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019ll be a hearing to get more information
    • ", + "

    Court hearings

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection will hold a hearing, or hearings, if you have not been able to reach a decision with the people you\u2019ve served.

    ", + "

    You can also get a solicitor to represent you during the hearing.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a hearing fee after the court makes their final decision.

    ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    You can ask for a decision that was made without a hearing to be reconsidered any time within 21 days of the decision being made.

    ", + "

    To appeal a decision made at a court hearing download and fill in the Appellants Notice Form COP 35.

    ", + "

    You must pay \u00a3320. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    ", + "

    Send the form to the Court of Protection with a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 within 21 days of the date the decision was made.

    ", + "

    Finalising the will

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a court order confirming that your application has been accepted with a letter telling you what to do next.

    ", + "

    Sign the will

    ", + "

    You must sign 2 copies of the will. Both copies should be signed in your name and in the name of the person the will has been made for. You must also get 2 witnesses (aged 18 or over) to sign them.

    ", + "

    The witnesses must:

    ", + "
  • be with you when you sign the will
    • ", + "
  • sign the will straight after you
    • ", + "

    Send the 2 signed copies of the statutory will to the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    The 2 copies will be given the court\u2019s official seal and sent back to you.

    ", + "

    When the person dies

    ", + "

    The statutory will can be handled (\u2018executed\u2019) in the normal way, as if the person had made the will themselves.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Inheritance Tax", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/inheritance-tax", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax is a tax on the estate (the property, money and possessions) of someone who\u2019s died.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if either:

    ", + "
  • the value of your estate is below the \u00a3325,000 threshold
    • ", + "
  • you leave everything above the \u00a3325,000 threshold to your spouse, civil partner, a charity or a community amateur sports club
    • ", + "

    If the estate\u2019s value is below the threshold you\u2019ll still need to report it to HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you give away your home to your children (including adopted, foster or stepchildren) or grandchildren your threshold can increase to \u00a3500,000.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership and your estate is worth less than your threshold, any unused threshold can be added to your partner\u2019s threshold when you die. This means their threshold can be as much as \u00a31 million.

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax rates

    ", + "

    The standard Inheritance Tax rate is 40%. It\u2019s only charged on the part of your estate that\u2019s above the threshold.

    ", + "

    The estate can pay Inheritance Tax at a reduced rate of 36% on some assets if you leave 10% or more of the \u2018net value\u2019 to charity in your will.

    ", + "

    Reliefs and exemptions

    ", + "

    Some gifts you give while you\u2019re alive may be taxed after your death. Depending on when you gave the gift, \u2018taper relief\u2019 might mean the Inheritance Tax charged on the gift is less than 40%.

    ", + "

    Other reliefs, such as Business Relief, allow some assets to be passed on free of Inheritance Tax or with a reduced bill.

    ", + "

    Contact the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline about Agricultural Relief if your estate includes a farm or woodland.

    ", + "

    Who pays the tax to HMRC

    ", + "

    Funds from your estate are used to pay Inheritance Tax to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is done by the person dealing with the estate (called the \u2018executor\u2019, if there\u2019s a will).

    ", + "

    Your beneficiaries (the people who inherit your estate) do not normally pay tax on things they inherit. They may have related taxes to pay, for example if they get rental income from a house left to them in a will.

    ", + "

    People you give gifts to might have to pay Inheritance Tax, but only if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 and die within 7 years.

    ", + "

    Passing on a home

    ", + "

    You can pass a home to your husband, wife or civil partner when you die. There\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay if you do this.

    ", + "

    If you leave the home to another person in your will, it counts towards the value of the estate.

    ", + "

    If you own your home (or a share in it) your tax-free threshold can increase to \u00a3500,000 if:

    ", + "
  • you leave it to your children (including adopted, foster or stepchildren) or grandchildren
    • ", + "
  • your estate is worth less than \u00a32 million
    • ", + "

    Giving away a home before you die

    ", + "

    There\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if you move out and live for another 7 years.

    ", + "

    If you want to continue living in your property after giving it away, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • pay rent to the new owner at the going rate (for similar local rental properties)
    • ", + "
  • pay your share of the bills
    • ", + "
  • live there for at least 7 years
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay rent to the new owners if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you only give away part of your property
    • ", + "
  • the new owners also live at the property
    • ", + "

    If you die within 7 years

    ", + "

    If you die within 7 years of giving away all or part of your property, your home will be treated as a gift and the 7 year rule applies.

    ", + "

    Call the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you have questions about giving away a home. They cannot give you advice on how to pay less tax.

    ", + "

    Gifts

    ", + "

    There\u2019s usually no Inheritance Tax to pay on small gifts you make out of your normal income, such as Christmas or birthday presents. These are known as \u2018exempted gifts\u2019.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s also no Inheritance Tax to pay on gifts between spouses or civil partners. You can give them as much as you like during your lifetime, as long as they live in the UK permanently.

    ", + "

    Other gifts count towards the value of your estate.

    ", + "

    People you give gifts to will be charged Inheritance Tax if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 in the 7 years before your death.

    ", + "

    What counts as a gift

    ", + "

    A gift can be:

    ", + "
  • anything that has a value, such as money, property, possessions
    • ", + "
  • a loss in value when something\u2019s transferred, for example if you sell your house to your child for less than it\u2019s worth, the difference in value counts as a gift
    • ", + "

    Call the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    Exempted gifts

    ", + "

    You can give away \u00a33,000 worth of gifts each tax year (6 April to 5 April) without them being added to the value of your estate. This is known as your \u2018annual exemption\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can carry any unused annual exemption forward to the next year - but only for one year.

    ", + "

    Each tax year, you can also give away:

    ", + "
  • wedding or civil ceremony gifts of up to \u00a31,000 per person (\u00a32,500 for a grandchild or great-grandchild, \u00a35,000 for a child)
    • ", + "
  • normal gifts out of your income, for example Christmas or birthday presents - you must be able to maintain your standard of living after making the gift
    • ", + "
  • payments to help with another person\u2019s living costs, such as an elderly relative or a child under 18
    • ", + "
  • gifts to charities and political parties
    • ", + "

    You can use more than one of these exemptions on the same person - for example, you could give your grandchild gifts for her birthday and wedding in the same tax year.

    ", + "

    Small gifts up to \u00a3250

    ", + "

    You can give as many gifts of up to \u00a3250 per person as you want during the tax year as long as you have not used another exemption on the same person.

    ", + "

    The 7 year rule

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay, it\u2019s charged at 40% on gifts given in the 3 years before you die.

    ", + "

    Gifts made 3 to 7 years before your death are taxed on a sliding scale known as \u2018taper relief\u2019.

    ", + "Years between gift and death | Tax paid", + "less than 3 | 40%", + "3 to 4 | 32%", + "4 to 5 | 24%", + "5 to 6 | 16%", + "6 to 7 | 8%", + "7 or more | 0%", + "

    Gifts are not counted towards the value of your estate after 7 years.

    ", + "

    When someone living outside the UK dies

    ", + "

    If your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad, Inheritance Tax is only paid on your UK assets, for example property or bank accounts you have in the UK.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s not paid on \u2018excluded assets\u2019 like:

    ", + "
  • foreign currency accounts with a bank or the Post Office
    • ", + "
  • overseas pensions
    • ", + "
  • holdings in authorised unit trusts and open-ended investment companies
    • ", + "

    There are different rules if you have assets in a trust or government gilts, or you\u2019re a member of visiting armed forces.

    ", + "

    Contact the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether your assets are excluded.

    ", + "

    When you will not count as living abroad

    ", + "

    HMRC will treat you as being domiciled in the UK if you either:

    ", + "
  • lived in the UK for 15 of the last 20 years
    • ", + "
  • had your permanent home in the UK at any time in the last 3 years of your life
    • ", + "

    Double-taxation treaties

    ", + "

    Your executor might be able to reclaim tax through a double-taxation treaty if Inheritance Tax is charged on the same assets by the UK and the country where you lived.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pay your Inheritance Tax bill", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paying-inheritance-tax", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must pay Inheritance Tax by the end of the sixth month after the person died.

    ", + "

    There are different due dates if you\u2019re making payments on a trust.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay by the due date.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get a payment reference number before you can pay your Inheritance Tax bill.

    ", + "

    Pay from your own bank account

    ", + "

    You can pay from your own bank account or a joint account with the deceased:

    ", + "
  • using online or telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • using CHAPS or Bacs
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    You currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by cheque because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can claim the money back from the deceased\u2019s estate or the beneficiaries once you get a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Pay from accounts owned by the deceased

    ", + "

    You can pay using the deceased\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • bank accounts - including National Savings and Investments (NS&I) accounts
    • ", + "
  • government stock
    • ", + "

    If you do not know how much to pay

    ", + "

    You can make payments before you know the exact amount of Inheritance Tax owed by the deceased person\u2019s estate. These are known as \u2018payments on account\u2019.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    HMRC do not send receipts for each payment you make. They\u2019ll write to tell you when you\u2019ve paid all the Inheritance Tax and interest you owe.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid through your own bank or building society, check your statement to confirm the payment has left your account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020

    ", + "

    Ask your bank if your cheque to HMRC has been cashed. If it has not been cashed, you should cancel the cheque and pay HMRC a different way.

    ", + "

    Get a payment reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get an Inheritance Tax reference number from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) at least 3 weeks before you make a payment.

    ", + "

    You can apply for one:

    ", + "
  • online (unless you need it for a trust)
    • ", + "
  • by post - using form IHT422, Application for an Inheritance Tax reference (the address you need is on the form)
    • ", + "

    Do not use the 15-digit number from the online Inheritance Tax service to report an estate\u2019s value.

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    You can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    You can pay by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking), CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001136 | HMRC Inheritance Tax", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your Inheritance Tax payment reference number as the payment reference.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB66BARC20114763495590 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Inheritance Tax", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    You can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.

    ", + "

    Please complete one of your bank\u2019s paying in slips with the following HMRC bank account details:

    ", + "

    Sort code 25 61 21\nAccount number 63495590\nAccount name HM Revenue & Customs Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    Some branches might be closed at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write the name of the deceased and your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the letter HMRC sent you.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account, if you pay between Monday and Friday.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can still pay:

    ", + "
  • using online or telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • using CHAPS or Bacs
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    From the deceased's bank account

    ", + "

    You can ask banks, building societies or National Savings & Investments (NS&I) to pay some or all of the Inheritance Tax due from the deceased person\u2019s accounts to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is called the \u2018Direct Payment Scheme\u2019.

    ", + "
  • Ask the bank, building society or NS&I to make you a \u2018personal representative\u2019 - each one will do this in a different way. You can do this before you apply for a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is known as confirmation in Scotland.
    • ", + "
  • Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in form IHT423 and send it to the bank, building society or NS&I. Send a separate form for each account you want to pay HMRC from.
    • ", + "
  • Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT 400, Probate Summary form IHT421, (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) and any supplementary pages or supporting documents to HMRC.
    • ", + "

    When the bank, building society or NS&I has made the payment, HMRC will stamp and return Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) so you know the Inheritance Tax has been paid.

    ", + "

    Using British government stock

    ", + "

    Write to Computershare Investor Services, who run the British government stock scheme.

    ", + "

    Tell them you want to pay Inheritance Tax and how much of the stock you want to use. Enclose a copy of the death certificate and the stock reference number (if you have it).

    ", + "

    At the same time, send HMRC:

    ", + "
  • a letter saying how much tax you want to be paid out of the stock
    • ", + "
  • Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 - you\u2019ll need to put your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the form
    • ", + "
  • Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland)
    • ", + "

    HMRC will contact Computershare and ask for the money to be transferred. This could take up to 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    Do not pay this way if you need to get probate (known as \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland) quickly. (Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.)

    ", + "

    After the money has been transferred

    ", + "

    In England, Wales or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    HMRC will send your IHT421 form to the Probate Registry so they can send a grant of representation to you (if you\u2019re handling probate yourself) or to your solicitor.

    ", + "

    In Scotland

    ", + "

    HMRC will return your C1 Confirmation form to you so you can apply for confirmation.

    ", + "

    If the amount transferred is not enough to cover the Inheritance Tax you owe, HMRC will write to tell you how much to pay and how to pay it.

    ", + "

    By transferring national heritage property

    ", + "

    In very exceptional cases you may be able to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown.

    ", + "

    National heritage property may include:

    ", + "
  • buildings or land of historic, architectural, scenic or scientific interest
    • ", + "
  • artworks, books and manuscripts or scientific collections of historic, scenic or scientific interest
    • ", + "

    Offers to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown are dealt with on an individual basis.

    ", + "

    Contact the HMRC Heritage team for information on making an offer.

    ", + "

    If your offer is accepted

    ", + "

    Even if your offer\u2019s accepted, you must first pay all of the Inheritance Tax you owe through other means and have a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Once your property has been transferred HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will repay the Inheritance Tax you\u2019ve paid.

    ", + "

    In yearly instalments

    ", + "

    You can pay your Inheritance Tax on things that may take time to sell in equal annual instalments over 10 years.

    ", + "

    You must say on Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 if you want to pay in instalments.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay interest on your instalments. Use the calculator to work out the interest you\u2019ll need to pay.

    ", + "

    You must pay the tax in full when you\u2019ve sold the deceased\u2019s assets, such as their house or shares.

    ", + "

    When you must pay

    ", + "

    The first instalment is due at the end of the sixth month after the death (for example if they died on 12 January, you\u2019d have to pay by 31 July). This is known as the \u2018due date\u2019. Payments are then due every year on that date.

    ", + "

    Paying early

    ", + "

    You can pay off the full tax and interest at any time. Write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Trusts and Estates asking for a final assessment (you do not have to include payment).

    ", + "

    What you pay interest on

    ", + "

    You will not pay any interest on the first instalment unless you pay late. On each later instalment you must pay interest on both of the following:

    ", + "
  • the full outstanding tax balance
    • ", + "
  • the instalment itself, from the date it\u2019s due to the date of payment (if it\u2019s paid late)
    • ", + "

    What you can pay in instalments

    ", + "

    Houses

    ", + "

    You can pay 10% and the interest each year if you decide to keep the house to live in.

    ", + "

    Shares and securities

    ", + "

    You can pay in instalments if the shares or securities allowed the deceased to control more than 50% of a company.

    ", + "

    Unlisted shares and securities

    ", + "

    You can pay in instalments for \u2018unlisted\u2019 shares or securities (ones not traded on a recognised stock exchange) if they\u2019re worth more than \u00a320,000 and either of these apply:

    ", + "
  • they represent 10% of the total value of the shares in the company, at the price they were first sold at (known as the \u2018nominal\u2019 value or \u2018face value\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • they represent 10% of the total value of ordinary shares held in the company, at the price they were first sold at
    • ", + "

    You can find the face value of a share and whether it\u2019s an ordinary share on the share certificate.

    ", + "

    You can also pay in instalments if either of these apply:

    ", + "
  • at least 20% of the total Inheritance Tax the estate owes is on assets that qualify for payment by instalments
    • ", + "
  • paying Inheritance Tax on them in one lump sum will cause financial difficulties
    • ", + "

    Business run for profit

    ", + "

    You can pay in instalments on the net value of a business, but not its assets.

    ", + "

    Agricultural land and property

    ", + "

    This is rare because most agricultural land and property is exempt from Inheritance Tax.

    ", + "

    Gifts

    ", + "

    You can pay in instalments if there is still Inheritance Tax to pay and you were given:

    ", + "
  • buildings
    • ", + "
  • shares or securities
    • ", + "
  • part or all of a business
    • ", + "

    If the gift was an unlisted share or security, it must still have been unlisted at the time of the death.

    ", + "

    Trusts

    ", + "
  • Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number at least 3 weeks before you want to make a payment by filling in Form IHT122.
    • ", + "
  • Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT100 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).
    • ", + "
  • Pay the Inheritance Tax, either through a bank or building society or by cheque through the post.
    • ", + "

    Payment deadlines

    ", + "

    Transfers

    ", + "

    You must pay Inheritance Tax on transfers into a trust or out of a trust (known as \u2018exit charges\u2019) no later than 6 months after the end of the month the transfer was made.

    ", + "

    10-year anniversary charge

    ", + "

    The 10-year anniversary charge can be paid up to 6 months after the 10th anniversary of the date the trust was set up.

    ", + "

    Pay early to avoid paying interest

    ", + "

    You can make early Inheritance Tax payments before you know the exact amount the estate owes (this is known as a \u2018payment on account\u2019).

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay all the tax the estate owes by the due date. If you will not know how much Inheritance Tax the estate owes by the time the payment is due, a payment on account can help you avoid some of the interest.

    ", + "

    If you overpay

    ", + "

    If you pay more money than the final bill says the estate owes, HMRC will refund the excess after you\u2019ve been given probate (confirmation in Scotland). Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.

    ", + "

    HMRC will also pay interest on the amount you\u2019ve overpaid.

    ", + "

    To receive the refund, you\u2019ll need to write to HMRC.

    ", + "

    Put \u2018Repayment - further details\u2019 at the top of the letter.

    ", + "

    Include the name, number and sort code of the bank account you want the refund to go to.

    ", + "

    The letter must be signed by the same people who signed forms IHT400 and IHT100 if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying without the help of a solicitor or agent
    • ", + "
  • the refund is being paid into a different bank account to the one nominated in IHT400 or IHT100
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an agent acting on behalf of the estate and you\u2019re not asking for the refund to be paid into a different bank account, only put your signature on the letter.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Business Relief for Inheritance Tax", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/business-relief-inheritance-tax", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Business Relief reduces the value of a business or its assets when working out how much Inheritance Tax has to be paid.

    ", + "

    Any ownership of a business, or share of a business, is included in the estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.

    ", + "

    You can get Business Relief of either 50% or 100% on some of an estate\u2019s business assets, which can be passed on:

    ", + "
  • while the owner is still alive
    • ", + "
  • as part of the will
    • ", + "

    How to claim relief

    ", + "

    As the executor of the will or administrator of the estate, you can claim Business Relief when you\u2019re valuing the estate.

    ", + "

    You should fill in both:

    ", + "
  • form IHT400 (Inheritance Tax account)
    • ", + "
  • schedule IHT413 (Business or partnership interests and assets)
    • ", + "

    You must use the market value of the business or asset when calculating relief at 50%.

    ", + "

    You can claim relief on:

    ", + "
  • property and buildings
    • ", + "
  • unlisted shares
    • ", + "
  • machinery
    • ", + "

    What qualifies for Business Relief

    ", + "

    You can get 100% Business Relief on:

    ", + "
  • a business or interest in a business
    • ", + "
  • shares in an unlisted company
    • ", + "

    You can get 50% Business Relief on:

    ", + "
  • shares controlling more than 50% of the voting rights in a listed company
    • ", + "
  • land, buildings or machinery owned by the deceased and used in a business they were a partner in or controlled
    • ", + "
  • land, buildings or machinery used in the business and held in a trust that it has the right to benefit from
    • ", + "

    You can only get relief if the deceased owned the business or asset for at least 2 years before they died.

    ", + "

    What doesn\u2019t qualify for Business Relief

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim Business Relief if the company:

    ", + "
  • mainly deals with securities, stocks or shares, land or buildings, or in making or holding investments
    • ", + "
  • is a not-for-profit organisation
    • ", + "
  • is being sold, unless the sale is to a company that will carry on the business and the estate will be paid mainly in shares of that company
    • ", + "
  • is being wound up, unless this is part of a process to allow the business of the company to carry on
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim Business Relief on an asset if it:

    ", + "
  • also qualifies for Agricultural Relief
    • ", + "
  • wasn\u2019t used mainly for business in the 2 years before it was either passed on as a gift or as part of the will
    • ", + "
  • isn\u2019t needed for future use in the business
    • ", + "

    If part of a non-qualifying asset is used in the business, that part might qualify for Business Relief.

    ", + "

    Relief for agricultural property

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Business Relief on a transfer of agricultural property (eg farmland, buildings or farm equipment) which isn\u2019t eligible for agricultural relief.

    ", + "

    Give away business property or assets

    ", + "

    Someone can give away business property or assets while they\u2019re still alive and the estate can still get Business Relief on Inheritance Tax, as long as the property or assets qualify.

    ", + "

    How to get Business Relief on a gift

    ", + "

    If someone gives away business property or assets, the recipient must keep them as a going concern until the death of the donor if they want to keep the relief.

    ", + "

    They can:

    ", + "
  • replace the property or assets - like machinery - with something of equal value if it\u2019s for use in the business
    • ", + "
  • only get relief if the donor owned the business or asset for at least 2 years before the date it was given
    • ", + "

    When is a gift no longer liable for Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    Any gift made more than 7 years before the donor\u2019s death doesn\u2019t count towards their estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax or Income Tax if you sell, give away or exchange (\u2018dispose of\u2019) an asset or property if it\u2019s gone up in value during the time you owned it.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax on property, money and shares you inherit", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-property-money-shares-you-inherit", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t usually pay tax on anything you inherit at the time you inherit it.

    ", + "

    You may need to pay:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax on profit you later earn from your inheritance, eg dividends from shares or rental income from a property
    • ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax if you later sell shares or a property you inherited
    • ", + "
  • Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "

    Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    The estate of the person who died usually pays Inheritance Tax. You may need to pay Inheritance Tax if the estate can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay it.

    ", + "

    You may need to pay Inheritance Tax on a gift the person gave you in the 7 years before they died.

    ", + "

    You may also need to pay it if your inheritance is put into a trust and the trust can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay.

    ", + "

    If the will says the Inheritance Tax should be paid out of the assets you\u2019ve inherited, the executor of the will or administrator of the estate will usually pay it.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will contact you if you need to pay.

    ", + "

    Money and shares

    ", + "

    In most cases you don\u2019t pay any tax on money and shares when you inherit them.

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Inheritance Tax on money and shares you inherit if the deceased person\u2019s estate can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will contact you if you need to pay.

    ", + "

    Any money or shares the person gave you before they died are known as gifts and have different rules.

    ", + "

    Income Tax

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Income Tax on:

    ", + "
  • interest you earn from money you inherit
    • ", + "
  • dividends paid on shares you inherit
    • ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell (\u2018dispose of\u2019) inherited shares that have gone up in value since the person died.

    ", + "

    Property

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t pay Stamp Duty, Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax on a property you inherit when you inherit it.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Inheritance Tax if the deceased\u2019s estate can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay it.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will contact you if you need to pay.

    ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Selling the property

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your home. You do pay it if you make a profit when you sell a property that isn\u2019t your main home.

    ", + "

    If inheriting a property means you own 2 homes, you\u2019ll have to nominate one of them as your main home. You must tell HMRC which property is your main home within 2 years of inheriting the property.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t tell HMRC and you sell one of the properties, they\u2019ll decide which property was your main home.

    ", + "

    Renting out the property

    ", + "

    You may have to pay tax on the rental income.

    ", + "

    Properties held in trust

    ", + "

    Usually if you inherit property held in a trust, you are the \u2018beneficiary\u2019 and the trustees are the legal owners and responsible for paying tax on income the trust receives.

    ", + "

    You may still have to pay tax on any income you receive from the trust.

    ", + "

    Bare trusts

    ", + "

    If the trust is a \u2018bare trust\u2019 you are both the beneficiary and the legal owner and are responsible for paying tax on income the trust receives.

    ", + "

    Joint property, shares and bank accounts

    ", + "

    In most cases, you don\u2019t have to pay any Stamp Duty or tax when you inherit property, shares or the money in joint bank accounts you owned with the deceased.

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    What you pay will depend on how you owned the shares or property or how your bank accounts were set up.

    ", + "

    If you and the deceased jointly owned the assets, you\u2019ll be known as \u2018joint tenants\u2019 (\u2018joint owners\u2019 in Scotland).

    ", + "

    If you each owned a part of the assets, you\u2019ll be known as \u2018tenants in common\u2019 (\u2018common owners\u2019 in Scotland and \u2018coparceners\u2019 in Northern Ireland). Each part could be half or an agreed percentage of the money, shares or property.

    ", + "

    Check with your bank if you\u2019re not sure how the money in your account(s) was divided up.

    ", + "

    Joint tenants

    ", + "

    You automatically inherit anything you owned as \u2018joint tenants\u2019.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Inheritance Tax if the whole of the deceased\u2019s estate (all their money, property and possessions) is worth more than the Inheritance Tax threshold of \u00a3325,000 and the deceased\u2019s estate can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay.

    ", + "

    Tenants in common

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Inheritance Tax on the deceased\u2019s share of the money in bank accounts, shares or property if the whole of their estate (money, property and possessions) is worth more than the Inheritance Tax threshold of \u00a3325,000.

    ", + "

    If the deceased left you their share of the money, shares or property in their will, the executor of the will or administrator of their estate should pay the Inheritance Tax out of the estate.

    ", + "

    But if the estate doesn\u2019t have enough money to pay the Inheritance Tax on the deceased\u2019s share of the assets, or the executor doesn\u2019t pay, you\u2019ll have to pay it. You may have to sell the shares or property to pay the tax and any other debts.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will contact you if you need to pay.

    ", + "

    You may have to tell the Land Registry about the death of one of the property\u2019s owners.

    ", + "

    Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You may have to pay other taxes on anything you earn or profits you make from:

    ", + "
  • bank interest
    • ", + "
  • share dividends
    • ", + "
  • property
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Become a special guardian", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-special-guardian", + "contents": [ + "

    What is a special guardian

    ", + "

    You can apply to be a child\u2019s special guardian when they cannot live with their birth parents and adoption is not right for them.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be responsible for looking after the child until they\u2019re 18 (unless the court takes your responsibility away earlier).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll make all day to day decisions about the child, for example schooling and medical treatment. You do not have to discuss these decisions with the birth parents.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get the consent of everyone who has parental responsibility for the child before you make some important decisions, for example:

    ", + "
  • changing the child\u2019s surname
    • ", + "
  • putting the child up for adoption
    • ", + "
  • taking the child abroad for more than 3 months
    • ", + "
  • the child having surgery for reasons other than improving health, such as circumcision, sterilisation or cosmetic surgery
    • ", + "

    If you cannot get consent, you can ask the court to decide. Use the form \u2018Make an application in existing court proceedings related to children\u2019 (form C2).

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply to be a child\u2019s special guardian if you\u2019re not their parent and you\u2019re over 18.

    ", + "

    You can make an application with someone else. This is known as a joint claim.

    ", + "

    You and anyone you\u2019re applying with can apply if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re already the child\u2019s legal guardian
    • ", + "
  • the child lives with you because of a child arrangements order
    • ", + "
  • the child has lived with you for 3 of the past 5 years
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child\u2019s relative or a foster parent, and the child has been living with you for at least 1 year
    • ", + "
  • you have the agreement of anyone named in a child arrangements order as someone who the child will live with
    • ", + "
  • you have the agreement of all the people with parental responsibility for the child
    • ", + "
  • you have the agreement of the local council, if the child is in care
    • ", + "

    If you do not fit one of these descriptions, you\u2019ll need to ask the court\u2019s permission to apply. You\u2019ll need to send the following forms to your local family court:

    ", + "
  • \u2018Make an application in existing court proceedings relating to children\u2019 (form C2)
    • ", + "
  • \u2018Family mediation and assessment meeting\u2019 (form FM1)
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You can use a family mediator to help make arrangements with the child\u2019s family to avoid having to apply to the court.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3215 to apply to the court. You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    Three months before you apply to become a special guardian you need to tell your local council in writing that you plan to make an application.

    ", + "

    You also need to tell anyone named in existing court proceedings or orders about the child that you plan to make an application.

    ", + "

    Applying to the court

    ", + "

    Fill in these forms and send them to your local family court:

    ", + "
  • an \u2018Application for an order\u2019 (form C1)
    • ", + "
  • a supporting statement (form C13A)
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018Family mediation information and assessment meeting\u2019 form (FM1) to show you\u2019ve been through mediation or why you could not go
    • ", + "

    Make copies of your completed forms before you send your application to the court. You\u2019ll need to send these copies to each person affected by the application after you apply.

    ", + "

    Find your local family court.

    ", + "

    If you want to keep your details private

    ", + "

    You can apply to keep your and the child\u2019s contact details private throughout the court proceedings.

    ", + "

    Fill in \u2018Apply to keep your contact details confidential from other parties in family proceedings\u2019 (form C8) and send it with your application.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    Within 10 days of receiving your application the court will send you a case number and a date for a meeting to set out:

    ", + "
  • a timetable for your case
    • ", + "
  • how it will be dealt with
    • ", + "

    This meeting is called a \u2018first directions hearing\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must go to all hearings you\u2019re told to unless the court excuses you. If you\u2019re not able to go, contact the court office.

    ", + "

    Contact people in the child\u2019s life

    ", + "

    You must send the date and location of the hearing along with copies of your application to everyone with parental responsibility for the child.

    ", + "

    If there is a current care order about the child, you should also send details of the hearing and copies of your application to:

    ", + "
  • everyone you believe had parental responsibility before the current court-made care order
    • ", + "
  • the court-appointed Cafcass children\u2019s guardian
    • ", + "

    You must also tell the following people and organisations that you\u2019ve applied:

    ", + "
  • the children\u2019s services department of your local council or the council local to where the child is staying, if that is different
    • ", + "
  • everyone who cares for the child
    • ", + "
  • the home where the child stays if it is a registered children\u2019s home or a voluntary home and it is a refuge
    • ", + "
  • everyone the child has lived with for at least 3 years before you made the application
    • ", + "
  • anyone else named in a current court order
    • ", + "
  • anyone involved in any other ongoing proceedings that might be affected by your application
    • ", + "

    The final hearing

    ", + "

    The court will decide if a special guardianship order is in the best interests of the child after looking at all the evidence, and in some cases, hearing from witnesses.

    ", + "

    If the court agrees, they will send the final order to you and the other people involved in the case, including the birth parents.

    ", + "

    Financial help for special guardians

    ", + "

    You might be able to get a special guardian allowance from the children\u2019s services department of your local council.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Becoming a foster parent", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/becoming-foster-parent", + "contents": [ + "

    Who can foster

    ", + "

    Being a foster parent means caring for a child as part of your family. To become a foster parent you need to be:

    ", + "
  • at least 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • a UK resident or have indefinite leave to remain
    • ", + "
  • able to take care of a child or young person, often on a full-time basis
    • ", + "

    How long you care for the child depends on the type of foster care. It can range from one night to many years, or until the child is an adult.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already fostering a child, there\u2019s more information about help and support for foster parents.

    ", + "

    You may be able to work and foster. Whether you can depends on the child\u2019s circumstances and the fostering service you apply to. This can be your local council or an independent fostering agency.

    ", + "

    You do not need to own your home, but usually you\u2019ll need to have a spare bedroom.

    ", + "

    Before you can foster, you must pass an assessment to check that you\u2019re able to care for a child. You will not be assessed on your age, ethnicity, gender, marital status, religion or sexual orientation.

    ", + "

    You do not have a statutory right to time off work to care for foster children.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    If you become a foster parent you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • care for the child as part of a team - this could include a local authority, schools, health professionals and the child\u2019s birth family
    • ", + "
  • keep records and write reports about the foster child
    • ", + "
  • attend meetings and advocate for the child
    • ", + "
  • help the child manage their behaviour and feelings
    • ", + "
  • attend training
    • ", + "

    Call Fosterline for free to get advice on fostering. You can also read more about fostering on the Fosterline website.

    ", + "

    Types of foster care

    ", + "

    There are many types of foster care. The application process is the same for all types.

    ", + "

    Long term

    ", + "

    You foster children who cannot go back to their birth family but do not want to be adopted. Usually, you\u2019ll be their foster parent until they\u2019re an adult.

    ", + "

    Short term

    ", + "

    You look after children for a few weeks or months while plans are made for their future.

    ", + "

    \u2018Family and friends\u2019 or \u2018kinship\u2019

    ", + "

    You care for a child who you know or is part of your family - for example, your grandchild. Contact your council for information about becoming a \u2018family and friends\u2019 or \u2018kinship\u2019 carer.

    ", + "

    Emergency

    ", + "

    You give a child somewhere safe to stay for a few nights or weeks. This is usually unplanned and you could get less than 24 hours\u2019 notice.

    ", + "

    Respite and short breaks

    ", + "

    You care for children who have disabilities, special educational needs or behavioural issues while their parents or usual foster carers take a break.

    ", + "

    Remand

    ", + "

    You take care of young people who\u2019ve been remanded by a court. You must have specialist training to be this type of foster parent.

    ", + "

    Fostering for adoption

    ", + "

    You foster babies or young children who you may go on to adopt. If you\u2019re fostering for adoption you\u2019ll be entitled to adoption pay and leave from when the child comes to live with you.

    ", + "

    Specialist therapeutic

    ", + "

    You provide specialist therapeutic care to children and young people with complex needs or challenging behaviour. This is for experienced foster parents or those with certain skills.

    ", + "

    Help with the cost of fostering

    ", + "

    All foster parents receive a foster care allowance to cover the cost of caring for a child.

    ", + "

    The minimum is usually between \u00a3134 and \u00a3235 a week. The total amount you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • where you live
    • ", + "
  • which fostering service you use
    • ", + "
  • the child\u2019s age
    • ", + "
  • if the child has specific needs
    • ", + "
  • your skills and experience
    • ", + "

    The fostering service you apply to will tell you how much you can get.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more information about financial help in the guide for foster parents.

    ", + "

    Tax arrangements when you foster

    ", + "

    When you start fostering, you\u2019ll need to register as self-employed and file tax returns.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be entitled to qualifying care relief which means you\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • earn \u00a310,000 from fostering before you have to pay tax
    • ", + "
  • get tax relief for every week you foster a child
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s more information about paying tax in the guide for foster parents.

    ", + "

    Claiming benefits

    ", + "

    Being a foster parent can affect the benefits you get. If you\u2019re claiming benefits you\u2019ll need to tell the organisation that pays you that you\u2019re also getting foster care allowance.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to check what benefits you\u2019re eligible for.

    ", + "

    For more help on how your benefits may change, contact:

    ", + "
  • the organisation that pays you
    • ", + "
  • Fosterline - a free fostering advice service
    • ", + "

    Applying to become a foster parent

    ", + "

    The process starts when you apply to become a foster parent and finishes with a decision from the fostering service. The process can take up to 8 months to complete.

    ", + "

    Steps 2 to 6 might happen in a different order.

    ", + "
  • You apply to become a foster parent through your local council or an independent fostering agency. You can only register with one fostering service.
    • ", + "
  • The council or agency asks you to go to a preparation course on fostering.
    • ", + "
  • You and every adult that lives with you will need to get an enhanced Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) certificate.
    • ", + "
  • A social worker assesses you and your family to check that you\u2019re able to care for a child.
    • ", + "
  • You state any preferences about the children you\u2019ll care for, like age or gender. You cannot choose a child out of a group of children and you do not get a trial period with a foster child.
    • ", + "
  • The fostering service reviews your application. You\u2019ll need to meet with their panel who will make a recommendation.
    • ", + "
  • The fostering service makes a decision on your application.
    • ", + "

    Your fostering assessment

    ", + "

    Before you can foster a child you must pass an assessment by a social worker.

    ", + "

    Assessments have 2 stages that might be done separately or at the same time.

    ", + "

    Stage 1 - practical information about your circumstances

    ", + "

    A social worker will ask questions to assess if fostering is right for you. They will ask:

    ", + "
  • about the property you live in and any pets you have
    • ", + "
  • for your personal information including your relationship history
    • ", + "
  • about your general level of health (you\u2019ll need to get a medical statement, usually from a GP)
    • ", + "
  • if you or anyone in your home has ever applied to foster, adopt, or become a childminder
    • ", + "
  • about who else is living with you, including other children
    • ", + "
  • about children in the family who do not live with you
    • ", + "
  • for the names and addresses of at least 2 people who can give references for you and every adult who lives with you (they do not have to be the same 2 people for everyone)
    • ", + "

    They can ask for more information or run other checks.

    ", + "

    Stage 2 - detailed information about you and your family

    ", + "

    A social worker will ask more questions so that they can get to know you and your family. They will ask:

    ", + "
  • about your personality
    • ", + "
  • if you have religious beliefs
    • ", + "
  • for your ethnicity, cultural background and what languages you speak
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re willing and able to care for a child of a different religion, ethnicity or cultural background
    • ", + "
  • for your employment history and about your standard of living
    • ", + "
  • about your hobbies and interests
    • ", + "
  • if you have ever cared for children
    • ", + "
  • if you have any useful skills relevant to fostering
    • ", + "

    Where you\u2019ll be assessed

    ", + "

    Different fostering services assess you in different ways, for example they could:

    ", + "
  • visit you at home
    • ", + "
  • call you
    • ", + "
  • invite you to meetings
    • ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    The fostering service will contact you to tell you the result of your application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re approved you\u2019ll start training and meet your social workers.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not approved you can appeal the decision. The fostering service should also tell you the reasons why you were not approved.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019re approved

    ", + "

    The fostering service will add you to their list of available foster parents.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll send you a profile of any child they think is a good fit. Once you\u2019ve let the fostering service know if you\u2019d like to foster the child, they\u2019ll tell if you\u2019ve been chosen.

    ", + "

    In some cases you\u2019ll get to meet the child before they come to live with you. You might not if it\u2019s an emergency placement.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get training and support throughout the time you\u2019re fostering.

    ", + "

    You have the right to end a placement by giving 28 days\u2019 notice.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Child Trust Fund", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-trust-funds", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A Child Trust Fund (CTF) is a long-term tax-free savings account for children.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a new Child Trust Fund because the scheme is now closed. You can apply for a Junior ISA instead.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you already have a Child Trust Fund

    ", + "

    You can continue to add up to \u00a39,000 a year to your CTF account. The money belongs to the child and they can only take it out when they\u2019re 18. They can take control of the account when they\u2019re 16.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no tax to pay on the CTF income or any profit it makes. It will not affect any benefits or tax credits you receive.

    ", + "

    Managing the account

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the main contact for the Child Trust Fund (CTF) account you\u2019re called the \u2018registered contact\u2019. You have certain responsibilities until the child turns 18, or until the child takes control of their own account.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities as the registered contact

    ", + "

    You\u2019re the only person who can:

    ", + "
  • tell the account provider how to invest the fund and run the account
    • ", + "
  • change the address and other personal details
    • ", + "
  • change the type of account, for example from cash to stocks and shares
    • ", + "
  • move the account to another provider
    • ", + "

    Contact your CTF provider to do this.

    ", + "

    Moving to a different account

    ", + "

    You can transfer a CTF account to a Junior ISA. Contact a Junior ISA provider to do this.

    ", + "

    Records you need to keep

    ", + "

    Keep the following paperwork:

    ", + "
  • your child\u2019s Unique Reference Number (you\u2019ll find this on your annual CTF statement)
    • ", + "
  • the account statements
    • ", + "
  • details of the account type and the provider
    • ", + "

    Change a registered contact

    ", + "

    You can change the registered contact to someone with parental responsibility for the child, like a parent, step-parent or legal guardian if both parties agree to this.

    ", + "

    Your CTF provider can tell you how to change the registered contact of a CTF account.

    ", + "

    When your child is 16 or 18

    ", + "

    Once your child turns 16, they can either:

    ", + "
  • take over the account by contacting the CTF provider
    • ", + "
  • leave you in charge of the account
    • ", + "

    When the child turns 18, they take over the account and can take out the money.

    ", + "

    If your child lacks the mental capacity to manage their account when it matures

    ", + "

    You, or a close friend or relative, need to apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order so you can manage your child\u2019s account when they turn 18. Once the account matures, the money can either be taken out or transferred into an ISA.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.

    ", + "

    Add money to the account

    ", + "

    Anyone can pay money into a Child Trust Fund (CTF) account.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a new Child Trust Fund because the scheme is now closed. You can apply for a Junior ISA instead.

    ", + "

    How much you can add

    ", + "

    You can put up to \u00a39,000 a year into the account - the year starts on the child\u2019s birthday and ends the day before their next birthday.

    ", + "

    If you do not use the \u00a39,000 limit, you cannot carry any unused amount over to the following year.

    ", + "

    How to pay money in

    ", + "

    For stakeholder accounts you can add money by:

    ", + "
  • cheque
    • ", + "
  • standing order
    • ", + "
  • direct debit
    • ", + "

    For savings or share accounts, check with your provider.

    ", + "

    Government payments

    ", + "

    Payments made by the government do not count towards the \u00a39,000, apart from \npayments made by a local council to a child in care.

    ", + "

    Find a Child Trust Fund

    ", + "

    You can find out where a Child Trust Fund (CTF) is held if you do not know the provider.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form online to ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) where the account was originally opened.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the online form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a parent looking for your child\u2019s trust fund, you\u2019ll need either:

    ", + "
  • the child\u2019s Unique Reference Number (you\u2019ll find this on your annual CTF statement)
    • ", + "
  • their National Insurance number
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re looking for your own trust fund, you\u2019ll need your National Insurance number.

    ", + "

    HMRC will send you details of the CTF provider by post within 3 weeks of receiving your request.

    ", + "

    HMRC will contact you for more information if you\u2019ve adopted the child or a court has given you parental responsibility for them.

    ", + "

    Applying by post

    ", + "

    You can also contact HMRC by post to find out where a CTF is held.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a parent looking for your child\u2019s trust fund, you\u2019ll need to include your full name and address and all of the following:

    ", + "
  • child\u2019s full name and address
    • ", + "
  • child\u2019s date of birth
    • ", + "
  • child\u2019s National Insurance number or Unique Reference Number if known
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re looking for your own trust fund, you\u2019ll need to include all of the following:

    ", + "
  • your full name and address
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number or Unique Reference Number if known
    • ", + "

    Accounts for children in care

    ", + "

    Some children looked after by local authorities have a Child Trust Fund (CTF) account set up on their behalf. The Share Foundation acts as the registered contact for these accounts.

    ", + "

    How the account is managed

    ", + "

    The Share Foundation manages the CTF account for the child and will:

    ", + "
  • write to the child when they take control of the account
    • ", + "
  • change the type of CTF account and provider if necessary and write to the child to explain why the change was made
    • ", + "
  • send account statements to the child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll manage the account until:

    ", + "
  • the child turns 18
    • ", + "
  • the child turns 16 and decides to manage the account themselves
    • ", + "
  • someone takes parental responsibility for the child, for example through adoption
    • ", + "

    Take over the management of an account

    ", + "

    Contact the Share Foundation if you\u2019re taking parental responsibility for a child and want to manage their CTF account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of parental responsibility, for example an adoption certificate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter confirming that you can take over responsibility for the account. Show this to the CTF provider who can update the account to say you\u2019re the registered contact.

    ", + "

    When a child in care turns 16

    ", + "

    The Share Foundation will write to the child about 2 months before their 16th birthday, telling them how to become the registered contact for the account.

    ", + "

    If they choose to take control of the account, they can:

    ", + "
  • start managing it when they turn 16
    • ", + "
  • withdraw money when they turn 18
    • ", + "

    If your child is terminally ill or dies

    ", + "

    If your child is terminally ill you can take money out of their Child Trust Fund (CTF) account. If they die, the money passes to whoever inherits their estate (property and possessions).

    ", + "

    If your child is terminally ill

    ", + "

    \u2018Terminally ill\u2019 means they have a disease or illness that\u2019s going to get worse and are not likely to live more than 6 months. Only the registered contact can take money out of the account.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    Fill in the terminal illness early access form to let HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) know that:

    ", + "
  • your child is terminally ill
    • ", + "
  • you want to take the money out of the account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence that your child is terminally ill.

    ", + "

    If your child dies

    ", + "

    The money in the account will be paid to the person who inherits the child\u2019s estate. This is often one of the child\u2019s parents, but if your child was married, it could be their husband or wife.

    ", + "

    If you get Child Benefit for a child who has died this can still carry on for a short time.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    Tell the CTF account provider. They\u2019ll usually need proof, for example the death certificate.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Child adoption", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-adoption", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    To be adopted, a child must:

    ", + "
  • be under the age of 18 when the adoption application is made
    • ", + "
  • not be (or have never been) married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    The child\u2019s birth parents

    ", + "

    Both birth parents normally have to agree (consent) to the adoption, unless:

    ", + "
  • they cannot be found
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re incapable of giving consent, for example due to a mental disability
    • ", + "
  • the child would be put at risk if they were not adopted
    • ", + "

    Who can adopt a child

    ", + "

    You may be able to adopt a child if you\u2019re aged 21 or over (there\u2019s no upper age limit) and either:

    ", + "
  • single
    • ", + "
  • married
    • ", + "
  • in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • an unmarried couple (same sex and opposite sex)
    • ", + "
  • the partner of the child\u2019s parent
    • ", + "

    There are different rules for private adoptions and adoptions of looked-after children.

    ", + "

    Living in the UK

    ", + "

    You do not have to be a British citizen to adopt a child, but:

    ", + "
  • you (or your partner, if you\u2019re a couple) must have a fixed and permanent home in the UK, Channel Islands or the Isle of Man
    • ", + "
  • you (and your partner, if you\u2019re a couple) must have lived in the UK for at least 1 year before you begin the application process
    • ", + "

    Adoption Support Fund

    ", + "

    You may be able to get funding from the Adoption Support Fund. It provides money for therapy for children and families to help improve relationships, confidence and behaviour. Your social worker can apply for you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not happy with how the social worker has handled the application, complain to the council. If you\u2019re not happy with the council\u2019s response, contact the Adoption Support Fund team.

    ", + "

    Early stages of adoption

    ", + "

    To adopt a child you can go through either:

    ", + "
  • an adoption agency that\u2019s part of your local council
    • ", + "
  • a voluntary adoption agency
    • ", + "

    The adoption process

    ", + "
  • Contact an adoption agency - they\u2019ll send you information about the adoption process.
    • ", + "
  • The agency will arrange to meet you - you may also be invited to a meeting with other people wanting to adopt a child.
    • ", + "
  • If you and the agency agree to carry on, the agency will give you an application form.
    • ", + "

    The adoption approval process normally takes around 6 months. You will then be matched with a child for adoption.

    ", + "

    Adoption assessment

    ", + "

    Once the agency gets your application it will do the following:

    ", + "
  • Invite you to a series of preparation classes - these are normally held locally and give advice on the effect adoption may have on you.
    • ", + "
  • Arrange for a social worker to visit you on several occasions to carry out an assessment - this is to check you\u2019re suitable to become an adoptive parent.
    • ", + "
  • Arrange a police check - you will not be allowed to adopt if you, or an adult member of your family, have been convicted of a serious offence, for example against a child.
    • ", + "
  • Ask you to provide the names of 3 referees who will give you a personal reference. One of your referees can be a relative.
    • ", + "
  • Arrange for you to have a full medical examination.
    • ", + "

    Your assessment

    ", + "

    The social worker will send the assessment report to an independent adoption panel. This is a group of people who are experienced in adoption.

    ", + "

    The panel will make a recommendation to the adoption agency based on your assessment.

    ", + "

    You can go along to ask questions and answer any questions the panel has.

    ", + "

    The adoption panel will send their recommendation to the agency, which will then decide whether you\u2019re suitable to adopt a child.

    ", + "

    If you can adopt a child

    ", + "

    Once your agency decides you can adopt, they\u2019ll begin the process of finding a child. The agency will explain how the process works and how you can be involved.

    ", + "

    If you live in Wales your agency can refer you to the National Adoption Service for Wales. This holds details of children across Wales who need adopting.

    ", + "

    If an adoption agency says you cannot adopt

    ", + "

    If you disagree with an adoption agency\u2019s decision, you can either:

    ", + "
  • challenge their decision by writing to them
    • ", + "
  • apply to the Independent Review Mechanism, which will look into your case
    • ", + "

    You can also contact other adoption agencies - but you\u2019ll have to start the process again.

    ", + "

    Applying for an adoption court order

    ", + "

    To make an adoption legal, you need to apply for an adoption court order. This gives you parental rights and responsibilities for the child.

    ", + "

    The child must have lived with you for at least 10 weeks before you apply.

    ", + "

    Once the order has been granted:

    ", + "
  • the adoption becomes permanent
    • ", + "
  • the child has the same rights as if they were your own birth child, for example the right of inheritance
    • ", + "
  • you can buy a copy of the adoption certificate - you will not get this automatically
    • ", + "

    The order also takes away parental responsibility from:

    ", + "
  • the child\u2019s birth parent(s)
    • ", + "
  • anyone else who has parental responsibility for the child
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Most applications for adoption orders are done at a Family Court.

    ", + "

    You need to send the court a completed application for an adoption order - Form A58.

    ", + "

    Getting an adoption certificate

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, the General Register Office will create an adoption certificate. This replaces the original birth certificate, and shows the child\u2019s new name.

    ", + "

    If you want a copy of the new certificate you need to buy one - you will not get it automatically.

    ", + "

    A \u2018full\u2019 copy of the certificate costs \u00a311. You can order one:

    ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "
  • by post
    • ", + "

    You need the full version for most legal tasks for your child, for example getting a passport.

    ", + "

    Adopting a child you\u2019ve been fostering

    ", + "

    You need to be reassessed and approved as adoptive parents if you want to adopt the child you\u2019ve been fostering.

    ", + "

    Adopting a stepchild

    ", + "

    You need to tell your local council if you want to adopt your spouse\u2019s or partner\u2019s child. You must do this at least 3 months before applying to a court for an adoption order.

    ", + "

    The child must also have lived with both of you for at least 6 months.

    ", + "

    The adoption assessment

    ", + "

    The process to adopt is similar to an assessment through an adoption agency.

    ", + "

    The assessment is used to help a court decide if you can adopt the child (rather than being sent to an independent adoption panel).

    ", + "

    The court will ask your local council to provide a report on:

    ", + "
  • your partner
    • ", + "
  • the child
    • ", + "
  • the other birth parent
    • ", + "

    The report will be prepared by a social worker and will be used to help the court make a decision.

    ", + "

    If granted, the adoption court order gives you parental responsibility for the child - along with your spouse or partner.

    ", + "

    The order also takes away parental responsibility from:

    ", + "
  • the child\u2019s other birth parent
    • ", + "
  • anyone else who has parental responsibility for the child
    • ", + "

    An adoption order cancels any other type of court order, such as how and when the child\u2019s birth parent can visit the child.

    ", + "

    Adopting a child from overseas

    ", + "

    You can adopt a child from overseas if:

    ", + "
  • they cannot be cared for in a safe environment in their own country
    • ", + "
  • the adoption would be in their best interests
    • ", + "
  • the adopter has been assessed as eligible and suitable to adopt from overseas by an adoption agency in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you want to adopt a child from overseas, you should contact a UK adoption agency through:

    ", + "
  • your local council in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • your local health and social care trust in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • a voluntary adoption agency that deals with overseas adoption
    • ", + "

    There is a different process for overseas adoption in Scotland.

    ", + "

    The adoption process is similar to a UK adoption and will be done by a UK adoption agency that may charge a fee.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re assessed and approved as suitable to adopt a child by a UK adoption agency, they will let you know what you need to do and guide you through these steps.

    ", + "
  • Your application will be sent to the Department for Education (DfE) or your relevant UK Central Authority to check it meets eligibility criteria.
    • ", + "
  • DfE or your relevant UK Central Authority will issue a Certificate of Eligibility to Adopt and send it with your adoption application to the relevant overseas authority \u2013 some countries require adoption applications and supporting documentation is notarised, legalised and translated.
    • ", + "
  • Once matched, you need to visit the child in their own country and confirm in writing that you\u2019ve visited them and want to proceed with the adoption.
    • ", + "
  • You may need to go through adoption court processes in the country you\u2019re adopting from and the UK.
    • ", + "
  • Once the placement has been finalised, you will need to arrange entry clearance for the child to enter the UK.
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    The DfE charges a non-refundable fee of \u00a31,975 for processing an application to adopt a child from overseas. The fee is exempt from VAT.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted by DfE about how to pay the fee once your application has been accepted.

    ", + "

    The fee includes case management but does not include legalisation, notarisation or translation costs.

    ", + "

    Contact the relevant authority to find out about fees and procedures in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Restrictions

    ", + "

    The UK has restricted adoption from the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Cambodia
    • ", + "
  • Guatemala
    • ", + "
  • Nepal
    • ", + "
  • Haiti
    • ", + "
  • Ethiopia
    • ", + "
  • Nigeria
    • ", + "

    You can read about the reasons for the restrictions for each country.

    ", + "

    How to make an exception request

    ", + "

    If you want to adopt a child from a restricted country, you will need to set out the reasons in writing why your case is exceptional (for example, adopting a family member) and provide supporting evidence. Find out how to make an exception request to adopt a child from a country on the restricted list.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to follow a different process for dealing with restricted countries in Scotland. Contact the Scottish Government for enquiries about restrictions in Scotland.

    ", + "

    If you live abroad

    ", + "

    You must follow the adoption laws of the country you\u2019re in if you\u2019re normally resident in that country and want to adopt.

    ", + "

    You must follow UK adoption law if you\u2019re normally resident in the UK, the Isle of Man or the Channel Islands. This is sometimes called \u2018habitual residence\u2019 and can apply even if you\u2019re living abroad at the time of the adoption. If you\u2019re unsure of your residence status, you should get your own independent legal advice before proceeding with an adoption.

    ", + "

    You may have to give a sworn statement in front of a solicitor that you\u2019re no longer habitually resident in the UK, the Isle of Man or the Channel Islands if the country asks for a \u2018no objection\u2019 letter from the UK government. You must send this statement, along with a copy of your passport, either to the Intercountry Adoption Team at the DfE or the nearest British embassy.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve adopted a child \u2013 either in the UK or overseas - and then travel or move to a third country, the adoption may not be recognised in that country. If you have any doubts you should get independent legal advice.

    ", + "

    Registering an adoption

    ", + "

    You can apply to register an overseas adoption in the Adopted Child Register for England and Wales if:

    ", + "
  • the adoption took place in certain overseas countries
    • ", + "
  • the parent or parents were habitually resident in England and Wales at the time of the adoption
    • ", + "
  • the parent or parents can provide all the supporting documents
    • ", + "

    You should read the guidance notes before filling in the form to register with the General Register Office (GRO).

    ", + "

    Birth parents: your rights

    ", + "

    For another couple (or person) to adopt your child, you normally have to agree to it.

    ", + "

    Once your child is adopted, you no longer have parental responsibility for them.

    ", + "

    Depending on the child\u2019s situation, you may be able to stay in contact with them. This is often done using letters and photographs (and sometimes meetings) through the agency responsible for arranging the adoption.

    ", + "

    Fathers\u2019 rights

    ", + "

    As the child\u2019s father you\u2019ll be asked to agree to the adoption - but only if you have parental responsibility.

    ", + "

    If you were never married to the child\u2019s mother or named on the birth certificate, you can apply to the court for a Parental Responsibility Order to get parental responsibility.

    ", + "

    Trying to stop the adoption process

    ", + "

    If the adoption process has started, you should get legal advice from a solicitor or Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    To make an adoption legal, a court has to grant a court order.

    ", + "

    The agency arranging the adoption must let you know what your rights are - and also at what point the adoption cannot be stopped.

    ", + "

    If you do not want your child to be adopted, a court will give you the chance to say why. A social worker, independent of the adoption agency, will visit you and:

    ", + "
  • record the reasons you do not want your child adopted
    • ", + "
  • let the court know these reasons - you can go to court to explain them
    • ", + "

    An adoption order cannot be made unless the court thinks it\u2019s in your child\u2019s best interests.

    ", + "

    Adoption without your consent

    ", + "

    A court can decide the adoption can go ahead without your consent if:

    ", + "
  • it thinks the child would be put at risk if they were not adopted - it will send you the evidence they have been given, for example from social services
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re incapable of giving consent, for example due to a mental disability
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Child employment", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-employment", + "contents": [ + "

    Minimum ages children can work

    ", + "

    Part-time work

    ", + "

    The youngest age a child can work part-time is 13, except children involved in areas like:

    ", + "
  • television
    • ", + "
  • theatre
    • ", + "
  • modelling
    • ", + "

    Children working in these areas will need a performance licence.

    ", + "

    Full-time work

    ", + "

    Children can only start full-time work once they\u2019ve reached the minimum school leaving age - they can then work up to a maximum of 40 hours a week.

    ", + "

    Once someone reaches 16, you may need to pay them through PAYE.

    ", + "

    Once someone reaches 18, adult employment rights and rules then apply.

    ", + "

    In England, a young person must be in part-time education or training until they\u2019re 18.

    ", + "

    Paying children and young people

    ", + "

    Children under 16

    ", + "

    School-aged children are not entitled to the National Minimum Wage.

    ", + "

    Children under 16 do not pay National Insurance, so you only need to include them on your payroll if their total income is over their Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Once someone reaches 16

    ", + "

    Young workers aged 16 to 17 are entitled to at least \u00a34.62 per hour.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a registered employer, you\u2019ll need to record and report their pay as part of running payroll. If they earn more than \u00a3120 a week, you\u2019ll also need to do other regular PAYE tasks like making deductions.

    ", + "

    Before their next payday, collect information from them for PAYE. If they started work for you in the previous tax year, put their start date as 5 April in your payroll software. Record their pay for the current tax year only.

    ", + "

    If you pay any employee over \u00a3120 a week you must be registered as an employer and operate PAYE.

    ", + "

    Performance licences and supervision for children

    ", + "

    A child may need a licence if they\u2019re under school leaving age and taking part in:

    ", + "
  • films, plays, concerts or other public performances that the audience pays to see, or that take place on licensed premises
    • ", + "
  • any sporting events or modelling assignments where the child is paid
    • ", + "

    The person in charge of running the event must apply to the child\u2019s local council for a child performance licence. Ask the council if you\u2019re not sure you need one.

    ", + "

    Supervision for the child

    ", + "

    If the child will not be with their parent, school teacher or home tutor, they must be supervised by a chaperone approved by the council. Chaperones can apply for approval from the council.

    ", + "

    The normal rules for paying children and restrictions on employment apply to children in performances.

    ", + "

    Restrictions on child employment

    ", + "

    There are several restrictions on when and where children are allowed to work.

    ", + "

    Children are not allowed to work:

    ", + "
  • without an employment permit issued by the education department of the local council, if this is required by local bylaws
    • ", + "
  • in places like a factory or industrial site
    • ", + "
  • during school hours
    • ", + "
  • before 7am or after 7pm
    • ", + "
  • for more than one hour before school (unless local bylaws allow it)
    • ", + "
  • for more than 4 hours without taking a break of at least 1 hour
    • ", + "
  • in any work that may be harmful to their health, well-being or education
    • ", + "
  • without having a 2-week break from any work during the school holidays in each calendar year
    • ", + "

    There are also special rules which only apply during term times and school holiday times.

    ", + "

    Term time rules

    ", + "

    During term time children can only work a maximum of 12 hours a week. This includes:

    ", + "
  • a maximum of 2 hours on school days and Sundays
    • ", + "
  • a maximum of 5 hours on Saturdays for 13 to 14-year-olds, or 8 hours for 15 to 16-year-olds
    • ", + "

    School holiday rules

    ", + "

    During school holidays 13 to 14-year-olds are only allowed to work a maximum of 25 hours a week. This includes:

    ", + "
  • a maximum of 5 hours on weekdays and Saturdays
    • ", + "
  • a maximum of 2 hours on Sunday
    • ", + "

    During school holidays 15 to 16-year-olds can only work a maximum of 35 hours a week. This includes:

    ", + "
  • a maximum of 8 hours on weekdays and Saturdays
    • ", + "
  • a maximum of 2 hours on Sunday
    • ", + "

    Local rules on the types of work children can do

    ", + "

    Local bylaws list the jobs that children cannot do. If a job is on this list, a child under the minimum school leaving age cannot do this work.

    ", + "

    Local bylaws may also have other restrictions on working hours, conditions of work and the type of employment.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council\u2019s education department or education welfare service for more information.

    ", + "

    Local council rules for child employment permits

    ", + "

    Most local councils say that businesses intending to employ school-aged children must apply for a child employment permit before they can be employed.

    ", + "

    If a child is working without a child employment permit, there\u2019s a risk that the employer will not be insured against accidents involving the child.

    ", + "

    Children do not need a work permit for work experience arranged by their school.

    ", + "

    Employers should contact their local council\u2019s education department or education welfare service to find out if a child employment permit is needed.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Child maintenance if a parent lives abroad", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-if-one-parent-lives-abroad", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You cannot make a new application to the Child Maintenance Service if the child and the parent with the main day-to-day care live abroad.

    ", + "

    There are circumstances where the service can help if the paying parent lives abroad.

    ", + "

    You can make a child maintenance arrangement yourself - if one or both parents live abroad.

    ", + "

    Enforcing a child maintenance decision

    ", + "

    You can ask a court for help if the other parent does not pay any child maintenance they owe you. This is known as taking \u2018enforcement action\u2019.

    ", + "

    You cannot enforce an arrangement you\u2019ve made yourself - you need to make it legally binding first.

    ", + "

    You can also ask the court to change an existing child maintenance decision or make a new one.

    ", + "

    How you enforce, change or make a decision depends on:

    ", + "
  • where the other parent lives
    • ", + "
  • where your original decision was made
    • ", + "

    The UK has a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) agreement with a number of other countries. Courts in \u2018REMO countries\u2019 can enforce child maintenance decisions made by UK courts.

    ", + "

    Child maintenance decisions made in Scotland or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    The process is different if you want to enforce a child maintenance decision that was originally made in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If the decision was made in Scotland

    ", + "

    Contact the Scottish government for advice.

    ", + "

    If the decision was made in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Contact the Northern Ireland Central Authority for advice.

    ", + "

    If the other parent lives abroad

    ", + "

    How you get a decision recognised or enforced depends on whether the other parent lives in a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) country. Check the list of REMO countries.

    ", + "

    If the other parent does not live in a REMO country, get legal advice from a solicitor to find out if you can enforce the decision.

    ", + "

    If the other parent does live in a REMO country, contact your nearest Maintenance Enforcement Business Centre (MEBC). They\u2019ll send you an application form.

    ", + "

    Complete the form and send it back to your MEBC with any supporting documents. Your documents will be translated if needed. You do not have to pay for this.

    ", + "

    Tell the MEBC if you do not want the other parent to see certain information about you, such as your address.

    ", + "

    The process is different if you want to enforce a child maintenance decision that was originally made in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Maintenance Enforcement Business Centres

    ", + "

    Greater London

    ", + "

    England

    ", + "

    Wales

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The MEBC will send your completed form and any supporting documents to the REMO Unit.

    ", + "

    The REMO Unit will send your documents to the body responsible for REMO in the relevant country within a month of receiving them. Your documents will then be sent on to the court in that country.

    ", + "

    The process may change from 1 January 2021. The Maintenance Enforcement Business Centre or REMO Unit might tell you to fill in another form so your application can continue after that date. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this.

    ", + "

    It can take several months for the court to decide if your maintenance decision should be enforced.

    ", + "

    If you live abroad

    ", + "

    You can still enforce a child maintenance decision if the other parent lives in the UK but you live in another country.

    ", + "

    Check if you live in a country which can enforce a child maintenance decision made in the UK. This is called a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) country.

    ", + "

    If you live in a REMO country, ask the court where you live to enforce the decision.

    ", + "

    If you do not live in a REMO country, you might still be able to enforce a decision. Get legal advice from a solicitor in the country where you live or in the UK.

    ", + "

    If the other parent works abroad for a British organisation

    ", + "

    You might be able to make a new child maintenance claim instead of enforcing an existing one if the other parent is working abroad for certain British organisations, for example:

    ", + "
  • as a civil servant
    • ", + "
  • for Her Majesty\u2019s Diplomatic Service
    • ", + "
  • as a member of the Armed Forces
    • ", + "
  • for a company based and registered in the UK
    • ", + "
  • for the NHS
    • ", + "
  • for a local authority
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Contact Child Maintenance Options to make a new arrangement.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll talk through the process with you and explain how to apply to the Child Maintenance Service.

    ", + "

    There are different contact details if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You must pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a320 to apply - you do not have to pay this if you\u2019re under 19, a victim of domestic violence or in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • additional fees for paying and collecting child maintenance if you use the Collect and Pay service
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already made a claim, contact the service that deals with your case for advice.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Help and support for foster parents", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-for-foster-parents", + "contents": [ + "

    Training and development

    ", + "

    You need to complete the training, support, and development standards workbook within 12 months of being approved to foster.

    ", + "

    Contact your fostering service to find out what other training and development is available. They should help you:

    ", + "
  • with a personal development plan
    • ", + "
  • take part in learning and development sessions
    • ", + "

    The Foster Carers\u2019 Charter explains your rights as a foster parent.

    ", + "

    You do not have a statutory right to time off work to care for foster children.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re fostering for adoption you\u2019ll be entitled to adoption pay and leave from when the child comes to live with you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re considering fostering, find out about becoming a foster parent.

    ", + "

    Help with the cost of fostering

    ", + "

    All foster parents get a foster care allowance to help cover the cost of caring for a child. You might get additional payments, depending on:

    ", + "
  • if the child has specific needs
    • ", + "
  • how many children you\u2019re fostering
    • ", + "
  • your skills and experience
    • ", + "
  • your fostering service
    • ", + "

    Contact your fostering service to find out how much you get.

    ", + "

    Minimum weekly allowance

    ", + "

    The minimum allowance you\u2019ll get depends on where you live and the age of the child you care for.

    ", + " | Age 0 to 2 | Age 3 to 4 | Age 5 to 10 | Age 11 to 15 | Age 16 to 17", + "London | \u00a3155 | \u00a3158 | \u00a3177 | \u00a3201 | \u00a3235", + "South East | \u00a3149 | \u00a3153 | \u00a3169 | \u00a3193 | \u00a3226", + "Rest of England | \u00a3134 | \u00a3138 | \u00a3152 | \u00a3173 | \u00a3202", + "

    These figures are for the tax year from 6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022. They\u2019re updated every April.

    ", + "

    Allowance rates when the child is 18

    ", + "

    Children stop being in care when they reach 18, even if they\u2019re still living with you. There is no minimum allowance when your child is old enough to leave foster care.

    ", + "

    Contact your fostering service for more information.

    ", + "

    Expenses

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to your fostering service for extra money to help with things like:

    ", + "
  • school trips
    • ", + "
  • holidays
    • ", + "
  • birthdays
    • ", + "
  • religious festivals
    • ", + "

    Tax arrangements

    ", + "

    You should have registered as self-employed when you started to foster. You\u2019ll need to file tax returns. Check with your fostering service what you need to do.

    ", + "

    In your tax return, you\u2019ll be able to claim:

    ", + "
  • a tax exemption of up to \u00a310,000 per household
    • ", + "
  • tax relief for every week you foster a child
    • ", + "

    This is known as qualifying care relief.

    ", + "

    You may be entitled to National Insurance credits, which count towards your State Pension.

    ", + "

    Tax exemption

    ", + "

    In a tax year, households do not pay tax on the first \u00a310,000 they earn from fostering. You\u2019ll still pay tax on money you earn from a job or investment.

    ", + "

    Tax relief

    ", + "

    On top of the \u00a310,000 exemption, you also get tax relief for every week (or part week) that a child is in your care. This means you do not have to pay tax on some of your earnings over \u00a310,000.

    ", + "Age of child | Tax relief", + "Under 11 | \u00a3200 per child", + "11 or over | \u00a3250 per child", + "

    Claiming benefits

    ", + "

    Being a foster parent can affect your benefits. Check a benefits calculator to see what you\u2019re eligible for.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming benefits you need to tell the organisation that pays you that you\u2019re also getting a foster care allowance.

    ", + "

    You can get disability benefits for your foster child if they meet the criteria. You may also be able to claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if your foster child gets Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment.

    ", + "

    For more help on how your benefits may change you can speak to an adviser from:

    ", + "
  • the organisation that pays you
    • ", + "
  • Fosterline - a free fostering advice service
    • ", + "

    Making decisions for your foster child

    ", + "

    Your foster child\u2019s placement plan should tell you what decisions you can make, known as delegated authority.

    ", + "

    There are 3 different levels to delegated authority:

    ", + "
  • day-to-day decisions like dental check ups, hair cuts, school trips, parent-teacher meetings and letting your child go to sleepovers
    • ", + "
  • long-term decisions like which school a child goes to
    • ", + "
  • significant decisions made by the local authority and birth parents, like surgery
    • ", + "

    If your child\u2019s placement plan does not tell you what level of delegated authority you have you should contact your fostering service to find out.

    ", + "

    You may not have the same level of authority for each child you foster. For example, you might foster 2 children and have the right to sign a consent form for one of them.

    ", + "

    Going on holiday

    ", + "

    If you do not have the authority to take your foster child on holiday you\u2019ll need to speak to their social worker.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to:

    ", + "
  • tell your child\u2019s social worker when you\u2019ll be going and when you\u2019ll be back
    • ", + "
  • get a letter of consent from your child\u2019s social worker for passport control (if you\u2019re going abroad)
    • ", + "

    Medical treatment for your foster child

    ", + "

    You may not have the right to give consent to medical treatment. Check your child placement plan to find out if you have the authority to let your foster child have:

    ", + "
  • medication
    • ", + "
  • a medical examination
    • ", + "
  • local or general anaesthetic
    • ", + "
  • surgery
    • ", + "

    Getting support

    ", + "

    You should get support from your fostering service, your local council and social workers. You can also get support and advice from Fosterline.

    ", + "

    Your local council must provide your foster child with a personal adviser from age 16 or 17 to age 25. They will help your foster child move to independent living or support them to stay with you (this is called a \u2018staying put\u2019 arrangement).

    ", + "

    Extra support is available when your foster child reaches age 16, 18 and 21.

    ", + "

    Support from your fostering service

    ", + "

    Your foster child gets a placement plan. This tells you about the child and their needs. The fostering service should invite you to meetings on your foster child\u2019s progress and placement plan.

    ", + "

    Your family should get:

    ", + "
  • access to an out of hours advice and support service
    • ", + "
  • access to support groups
    • ", + "
  • practical, financial and emotional support
    • ", + "
  • training and a personal development plan, which is reviewed every year
    • ", + "
  • an opportunity to take a break from fostering if you need it
    • ", + "

    Dealing with allegations

    ", + "

    If an allegation is made against you or anyone in your home, your local authority must:

    ", + "
  • investigate it
    • ", + "
  • support you through it
    • ", + "
  • update you on progress
    • ", + "
  • help resolve any disagreements
    • ", + "

    They may remove your foster child from your home or ask the person the allegation is about to leave. They will also look at the safety of any other children in your home.

    ", + "

    Support from social workers

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have contact with 2 social workers:

    ", + "
  • your foster child\u2019s social worker - they make sure you meet the child\u2019s needs
    • ", + "
  • a supervising social worker to help and support you as a foster parent
    • ", + "

    Your supervising social worker is there to support you as a foster parent. Contact them if you need:

    ", + "
  • emotional support
    • ", + "
  • to talk about any concerns or worries you have about your foster child
    • ", + "
  • help to develop your skills as a foster parent
    • ", + "

    Your social workers must make sure you understand their policies on fostering, including:

    ", + "
  • how to manage your foster child\u2019s behaviour
    • ", + "
  • financial support for foster parents
    • ", + "
  • complaints
    • ", + "

    They must review your approval to foster at least once a year to make sure you\u2019re still suitable.

    ", + "

    Social workers may decide to have some meetings without you if they think it\u2019s best for the foster child.

    ", + "

    Social worker visits

    ", + "

    Your child\u2019s social worker must visit you and your foster child:

    ", + "
  • in the first week the child comes to live with you
    • ", + "
  • once every 6 weeks in the first year
    • ", + "
  • every 3 to 6 months after the child has lived with you for a year
    • ", + "

    They must also visit you once a year without telling you they\u2019re coming.

    ", + "

    You or your foster child can ask for more visits from the social worker.

    ", + "

    Ending a placement

    ", + "

    You must give 28 days\u2019 notice to your social worker if you no longer wish to be the child\u2019s foster parent.

    ", + "

    Support from Fosterline

    ", + "

    Call Fosterline for free to get advice on fostering.

    ", + "

    They can provide help and advice about fostering, including information about:

    ", + "
  • finances
    • ", + "
  • training
    • ", + "
  • dealing with allegations
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "If your child is taken into care", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/if-your-child-is-taken-into-care", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If your child is taken into care because of a care order, your council will share responsibility for making most of the important decisions about your child\u2019s upbringing, including:

    ", + "
  • who looks after them
    • ", + "
  • where they live
    • ", + "
  • how they are educated
    • ", + "

    If you agree to your child becoming \u2018looked after\u2019 and there is no care order, you\u2019ll continue to have parental responsibility for your child.

    ", + "

    In either case, the council is responsible for:

    ", + "
  • making sure that an appropriate standard of care is provided
    • ", + "
  • making sure only suitable people are employed to look after your child
    • ", + "
  • providing proper training and support to staff and foster carers
    • ", + "
  • listening to your child\u2019s views and your views about care arrangements and taking their religion, race, culture and background into account
    • ", + "
  • making sure your child has someone independent to talk to and knows how to complain if necessary
    • ", + "

    The child may be placed with either:

    ", + "
  • another relative
    • ", + "
  • a foster carer
    • ", + "
  • a children\u2019s home
    • ", + "

    Care orders

    ", + "

    A care order is given by a court. It allows a council to take a child into care. Under the Children Act 1989 a council can apply for a care order if it believes a child is suffering or at risk of suffering significant harm.

    ", + "

    The court decides if the child can be taken into care.

    ", + "

    Care orders last until:

    ", + "
  • the child\u2019s 18th birthday
    • ", + "
  • an order is made giving parental responsibility to another person - for example, through adoption or special guardianship
    • ", + "
  • the court lifts the order (this is called \u2018discharging\u2019 the order)
    • ", + "

    A child can only be taken into care if they are under 18.

    ", + "

    Making a complaint

    ", + "

    If your child is in care and you\u2019re unhappy about their treatment, you can make a complaint. Talk to your child\u2019s carer or social worker first and if you\u2019re not happy, you can complain to your council.

    ", + "

    Support for parents

    ", + "

    The Family Rights Group Advice Service helpline provides confidential support for parents:

    ", + "

    Care proceedings

    ", + "

    The council can start \u2018care proceedings\u2019 if they\u2019re very worried about a child.

    ", + "

    They can apply for a \u2018care order\u2019 which means the council will have parental responsibility for your child and can determine where your child can live.

    ", + "

    They can apply for a \u2018placement order\u2019 as well if they believe that the child should be adopted. This allows the council to place the child with suitable adopters.

    ", + "

    Interim care orders

    ", + "

    At the start of care proceedings, the council asks the family court to make a temporary court order, called an \u2018interim care order\u2019.

    ", + "

    If the court agrees, the council can take the child into care on a temporary basis. This can be for up to 8 weeks at first.

    ", + "

    Looking at the case

    ", + "

    It can take up to 26 weeks for a court to decide what should happen to the child. Some complex cases can take longer.

    ", + "

    During this time a social worker, an officer from the Children and Family Court Advisory and Support Service (Cafcass) and other people will be trying to understand the reasons why the child may be at risk. They will also look at what can be done to keep them safe.

    ", + "

    They will talk to the parents and the child. They may talk to other family members or friends about looking after the child if they cannot safely live at home. The parents might also get support.

    ", + "

    Reports

    ", + "

    The social worker and Cafcass officer will each write a report for the court. These will outline what they think should happen to the child.

    ", + "

    They will include whether they think the child should be taken into care or stay with the family.

    ", + "

    Once all the information has been gathered, there will be a court hearing.

    ", + "

    Going to court

    ", + "

    Once all the information has been gathered, there will be a court hearing. The judge will look at the reports, and listen to everyone involved in the case, including:

    ", + "
  • the child
    • ", + "
  • the parents
    • ", + "
  • solicitors representing parents and children
    • ", + "
  • the council social worker
    • ", + "
  • the Children and Family Court Advisory and Support Service (Cafcass) officer
    • ", + "

    The child will go back home if the judge decides that they\u2019re safe. If not, the council will find them a new home. That may be with:

    ", + "
  • other members of their family
    • ", + "
  • friends
    • ", + "
  • a new family
    • ", + "
  • a children\u2019s home
    • ", + "
  • a foster carer
    • ", + "

    What Cafcass does

    ", + "

    In care proceedings, a Children\u2019s Guardian from Cafcass represents the rights and interests of the child. They spend time getting to know the child and their family before the hearing.

    ", + "

    The Children\u2019s Guardian:

    ", + "
  • appoints a solicitor for the child
    • ", + "
  • advises the court about what needs to be done before it can make a decision
    • ", + "
  • tells the court what they think would be best for the child \u2013 including the child\u2019s wishes and feelings
    • ", + "

    The Children\u2019s Guardian will usually spend time with the child and their family. They\u2019ll tell the court if they have not seen the child before they write their report. They may also talk to other people who know the family, like teachers, social workers and health visitors.

    ", + "

    They may:

    ", + "
  • go to meetings about the child
    • ", + "
  • check records and read the council\u2019s case file
    • ", + "
  • recommend to the court that other independent professionals help the court with advice - for example, a doctor or psychologist
    • ", + "

    Cafcass workers are independent \u2013 they do not work for the council or the court.

    ", + "

    You can find out more about what happens in care proceedings and about what Cafcass does on the Cafcass website.

    ", + "

    Educating children in care

    ", + "

    The council will be responsible for your child\u2019s education if they\u2019re taken into care. They must have someone called a \u2018virtual school head\u2019 to make sure social workers and others give proper attention to your child\u2019s education while in care.

    ", + "

    There will also be a \u2018designated teacher\u2019, who is responsible for all of the children in care at your child\u2019s school.

    ", + "

    Your child will have an overall care plan, which will include education.

    ", + "

    Most of the decisions about the child\u2019s welfare will be taken by their social worker and foster carer (or residential care worker). You might also be involved, depending on the circumstances.

    ", + "

    The social worker is responsible for making sure your child can achieve their potential, including:

    ", + "
  • working with your child\u2019s school to draw up a personal education plan
    • ", + "
  • making sure they are well supported at school
    • ", + "
  • making sure they go to school every day
    • ", + "
  • choosing and applying for a school place when required
    • ", + "
  • making sure that there are good links between social services and the child\u2019s designated teacher
    • ", + "
  • being involved in any assessment for special educational needs
    • ", + "
  • making sure that foster carers attend parents\u2019 evenings and any other school events which parents would attend
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Junior Individual Savings Accounts (ISA)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/junior-individual-savings-accounts", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Junior Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs) are long-term, tax-free savings accounts for children.

    ", + "

    In the 2021 to 2022 tax year, the savings limit for Junior ISAs is \u00a39,000

    ", + "

    Who can get a Junior ISA

    ", + "

    Your child must be both:

    ", + "
  • under 18
    • ", + "
  • living in the UK
    • ", + "

    If your child lives outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your child can only get a Junior ISA if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a Crown servant (in the UK\u2019s armed forces, diplomatic service or overseas civil service, for example)
    • ", + "
  • they depend on you for care
    • ", + "

    You cannot have a Junior ISA as well as a Child Trust Fund. If you want to open a Junior ISA ask the provider to transfer the trust fund into it.

    ", + "

    How Junior ISAs work

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of Junior ISA:

    ", + "
  • a cash Junior ISA, for example you will not pay tax on interest on the cash you save
    • ", + "
  • a stocks and shares Junior ISA, for example your cash is invested and you will not pay tax on any capital growth or dividends you receive
    • ", + "

    Your child can have one or both types of Junior ISA.

    ", + "

    Parents or guardians with parental responsibility can open a Junior ISA and manage the account, but the money belongs to the child.

    ", + "

    The child can take control of the account when they\u2019re 16, but cannot withdraw the money until they turn 18.

    ", + "

    Open an account

    ", + "

    Only parents or a guardian with parental responsibility can open a Junior ISA for under 16s.

    ", + "

    To open a Junior ISA you need to:

    ", + "
  • choose the type of Junior ISA you want for your child - cash or stocks and shares (or both)
    • ", + "
  • choose your account provider
    • ", + "
  • get an application form from them
    • ", + "

    Your child can only have:

    ", + "
  • 1 cash Junior ISA
    • ", + "
  • 1 stocks and shares Junior ISA
    • ", + "

    Children aged 16 and 17 can open their own Junior ISA as well as an adult cash ISA.

    ", + "

    Account providers

    ", + "

    You can get a Junior ISA from a range of banks, building societies, credit unions, friendly societies and stock brokers.

    ", + "

    Contact any of these directly for more information about how you can open a Junior ISA with them.

    ", + "

    Add money to an account

    ", + "

    Anyone can pay money into a Junior ISA, but the total amount paid in cannot go over \u00a39,000 in the 2021 to 2022 tax year.

    ", + "

    You can transfer money between:

    ", + "
  • your child\u2019s Junior ISAs
    • ", + "
  • a Child Trust Fund (CTF) account and a Junior ISA - contact the Junior ISA provider to arrange this
    • ", + "

    You cannot transfer money between a Junior ISA and an adult ISA.

    ", + "

    If your child moves abroad, you can still add cash to their Junior ISA.

    ", + "

    Who the money belongs to

    ", + "

    Money in a Junior ISA belongs to your child and cannot be taken out until they\u2019re 18, though there are exceptions to this.

    ", + "

    Manage an account

    ", + "

    Your child\u2019s Junior ISA will be in their name, but the parent who opens it is responsible for managing the account and is known as the \u2018registered contact\u2019.

    ", + "

    The registered contact is the only person who can:

    ", + "
  • change the account, for example from a cash to a stocks and shares Junior ISA
    • ", + "
  • change the account provider
    • ", + "
  • report changes of circumstances, for example change of address
    • ", + "

    Contact your account provider to do this.

    ", + "

    Children older than 16

    ", + "

    If your child is 16 or older they can:

    ", + "
  • become the registered contact for their Junior ISAs
    • ", + "
  • open an adult cash ISA
    • ", + "

    When your child turns 18 they can take out any money in their Junior ISAs.

    ", + "

    Junior ISAs automatically turn into an adult ISA when the child turns 18.

    ", + "

    If your child lacks the mental capacity to manage their account when they turn 18

    ", + "

    You, or a close friend or relative, need to apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order. This will allow you to manage your child\u2019s adult ISA account or take out money on their behalf once they turn 18.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.

    ", + "

    If your child is terminally ill or dies

    ", + "

    The registered contact can take money out of a Junior ISA early if a child\u2019s terminally ill.

    ", + "

    \u2018Terminally ill\u2019 means that the child has a disease or illness that is going to get worse and is not expected to live more than 6 months.

    ", + "

    How to take money out

    ", + "

    Fill in the terminal illness early access form to let HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) know that:

    ", + "
  • your child is terminally ill
    • ", + "
  • you want to take money out of their Junior ISA
    • ", + "

    HMRC will let you know if you can take money out of your child\u2019s Junior ISA.

    ", + "

    If your child dies

    ", + "

    If your child dies, any money in their Junior ISAs will be paid to whoever inherits their estate.

    ", + "

    This is usually one of the child\u2019s parents, but it could be their spouse or partner if they were over 16 and married or in a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You do not need to contact HMRC but you\u2019ll need to tell your account provider so they can close your child\u2019s Junior ISAs.

    ", + "

    Your account provider may need proof to do this, for example a copy of the death certificate.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Parental rights and responsibilities", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parental-rights-responsibilities", + "contents": [ + "

    What is parental responsibility?

    ", + "

    All mothers and most fathers have legal rights and responsibilities as a parent - known as \u2018parental responsibility\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you have parental responsibility, your most important roles are to:

    ", + "
  • provide a home for the child
    • ", + "
  • protect and maintain the child
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re also responsible for:

    ", + "
  • disciplining the child
    • ", + "
  • choosing and providing for the child\u2019s education
    • ", + "
  • agreeing to the child\u2019s medical treatment
    • ", + "
  • naming the child and agreeing to any change of name
    • ", + "
  • looking after the child\u2019s property
    • ", + "

    Parents have to ensure that their child is supported financially, whether they have parental responsibility or not.

    ", + "

    Parental responsibility for separated parents

    ", + "

    If you have parental responsibility for a child but you do not live with them, it does not mean you have a right to spend time with your children. However, the other parent must include you when making important decisions about their lives.

    ", + "

    You do not always need to get the consent of the other parent for routine decisions, even if they also have parental responsibility.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s a major decision (for example, one of you wants to move abroad with your children) both parents with responsibility must agree in writing.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Specific Issue Order or Prohibited Steps Order if you cannot agree. A judge will then make a decision which is in your children\u2019s best interests.

    ", + "

    You must make sure your children are financially supported, whether you have parental responsibility or not.

    ", + "

    You can get help to arrange contact with your children.

    ", + "

    Who has parental responsibility

    ", + "

    A mother automatically has parental responsibility for her child from birth.

    ", + "

    A father usually has parental responsibility if he\u2019s either:

    ", + "
  • married to the child\u2019s mother
    • ", + "
  • listed on the birth certificate (after a certain date, depending on which part of the UK the child was born in)
    • ", + "

    You can apply for parental responsibility if you do not automatically have it.

    ", + "

    Births registered in England and Wales

    ", + "

    If the parents of a child are married when the child is born, or if they\u2019ve jointly adopted a child, both have parental responsibility.

    ", + "

    They both keep parental responsibility if they later divorce.

    ", + "

    Unmarried parents

    ", + "

    An unmarried father can get parental responsibility for his child in 1 of 3 ways:

    ", + "
  • jointly registering the birth of the child with the mother (from 1 December 2003)
    • ", + "
  • getting a parental responsibility agreement with the mother
    • ", + "
  • getting a parental responsibility order from a court
    • ", + "

    Births registered in Scotland

    ", + "

    A father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s married to the mother when the child is conceived, or marries her at any point afterwards.

    ", + "

    An unmarried father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s named on the child\u2019s birth certificate (from 4 May 2006).

    ", + "

    Births registered in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    A father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s married to the mother at the time of the child\u2019s birth.

    ", + "

    If a father marries the mother after the child\u2019s birth, he has parental responsibility if he lives in Northern Ireland at the time of the marriage.

    ", + "

    An unmarried father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s named, or becomes named, on the child\u2019s birth certificate (from 15 April 2002).

    ", + "

    Births registered outside the UK

    ", + "

    If a child is born overseas and comes to live in the UK, parental responsibility depends on the UK country they\u2019re now living in.

    ", + "

    Same-sex parents

    ", + "

    Civil partners

    ", + "

    Same-sex partners will both have parental responsibility if they were civil partners at the time of the treatment, eg donor insemination or fertility treatment.

    ", + "

    Non-civil partners

    ", + "

    For same-sex partners who are not civil partners, the 2nd parent can get parental responsibility by either:

    ", + "
  • applying for parental responsibility if a parental agreement was made
    • ", + "
  • becoming a civil partner of the other parent and making a parental responsibility agreement or jointly registering the birth
    • ", + "

    Apply for parental responsibility

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not the mother, you can apply to court to get parental responsibility.

    ", + "

    You need to be connected to the child, for example as their father, step-parent or 2nd female parent.

    ", + "

    More than 2 people can have parental responsibility for the same child.

    ", + "

    Scotland has its own set of rules, covered under \u2018ordinary cause procedures\u2019.

    ", + "

    Sign a parental responsibility agreement

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a father who wants parental responsibility and the mother agrees, fill in a parental responsibility agreement.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different agreement form for step parents.

    ", + "

    Take the agreement to your local family court where it can be signed and witnessed.

    ", + "

    Also take the child\u2019s birth certificate and proof of your identity, like a passport or driving licence.

    ", + "

    Send 2 copies of the form to the address below:

    ", + "

    Apply for a court order

    ", + "

    If you want parental responsibility but cannot agree on arrangements with the mother, you can apply for a court order.

    ", + "

    A court order costs \u00a3215.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.

    ", + "

    To apply, fill in the application for an order (C1).

    ", + "

    Send this to your local family court.

    ", + "

    If you and your partner use a surrogate to have a child, you\u2019ll need to apply for a parental order.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Surrogacy: legal rights of parents and surrogates", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-rights-when-using-surrogates-and-donors", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Surrogacy is legal in the UK, but if you make a surrogacy agreement it cannot be enforced by the law.

    ", + "

    The legal parents at birth

    ", + "

    If you use a surrogate, they will be the child\u2019s legal parent at birth.

    ", + "

    If the surrogate is married or in a civil partnership, their spouse or civil partner will be the child\u2019s second parent at birth, unless they did not give their permission.

    ", + "

    Legal parenthood can be transferred by parental order or adoption after the child is born.

    ", + "

    If there is disagreement about who the child\u2019s legal parents should be, the courts will make a decision based on the best interests of the child.

    ", + "

    Surrogacy agreements

    ", + "

    The intended parents and surrogate can record how they want the arrangement to work in a surrogacy agreement.

    ", + "

    Surrogacy agreements are not enforceable by UK law, even if you have a signed document with your surrogate and have paid their expenses.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay a surrogate in the UK, except for their reasonable expenses.

    ", + "

    Donor\u2019s rights

    ", + "

    If you use donated sperm or eggs with your surrogate, read about the rights of your donor.

    ", + "

    Read more about surrogacy and the legal process.

    ", + "

    Become the child\u2019s legal parent

    ", + "

    You must apply for a parental order or adoption if you want to become the legal parent of the child.

    ", + "

    Parental orders

    ", + "

    You can apply for a parental order with a partner or on your own.

    ", + "

    Apply with a partner

    ", + "

    One of you must be genetically related to the child - in other words, be the egg or sperm donor.

    ", + "

    You must be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • married
    • ", + "
  • civil partners
    • ", + "
  • living as partners
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • have the child living with you
    • ", + "
  • reside permanently in either the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man
    • ", + "

    You must apply within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth.

    ", + "

    Apply as an individual

    ", + "

    You must be genetically related to the child - in other words, be the egg or sperm donor.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • have the child living with you
    • ", + "
  • reside permanently in either the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man
    • ", + "

    You can apply for a child of any age if you apply before 4 July 2019. From 4 July 2019 you must apply within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth.

    ", + "

    How to apply in England or Wales

    ", + "

    You must fill in a \u2018C51 application form for a parental order\u2019 and take or send it to a family court.

    ", + "

    You do not have to use your local family court, but you\u2019ll need to explain why if you do not.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide the child\u2019s full birth certificate and will also be charged a court fee of \u00a3215.

    ", + "

    The court will then set a date for the hearing and issue you with a \u2018C52 acknowledgement form\u2019 that you must give to the child\u2019s legal parent, in other words, your surrogate.

    ", + "

    The surrogate and anyone else who\u2019s a parent of the child must agree to the parental order by filling in form A101A.

    ", + "

    How to apply in Scotland or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    The process is different if you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, contact the Court of Session or Sheriff Court.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, contact the Courts and Tribunals Service.

    ", + "

    Adoption

    ", + "

    If neither you or your partner are related to the child, adoption is the only way you can become the child\u2019s legal parent.

    ", + "

    Children born outside the UK

    ", + "

    If your surrogate gives birth abroad, you can only apply for a parental order if you and your partner are living in the UK.

    ", + "

    If the child is not a UK or EU national, they will need a visa to enter the UK during this process.

    ", + "

    Using a surrogate abroad can be complicated because different countries have different rules. You may want to get legal advice or contact The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority for more information.

    ", + "

    You can also read about returning to the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    Pay and leave

    ", + "

    You and your partner may be eligible for adoption pay and leave and paternity pay and leave if you use a surrogate.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for paid leave, you may be able to take parental leave or annual leave.

    ", + "

    Surrogates

    ", + "

    Every pregnant employee has the right to 52 weeks\u2019 maternity leave and to return to their job after this.

    ", + "

    What a surrogate does after the child is born does not affect their right to maternity leave.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Apply for a one-off decision from the Court of Protection", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oneoff-decision-personal-welfare", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Apply to the Court of Protection if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re concerned about the personal welfare or property and financial affairs of someone who\u2019s lost mental capacity
    • ", + "
  • you want to get a one-off decision, for example to stop someone visiting a person who\u2019s lost mental capacity in a nursing home
    • ", + "

    You can only apply to the court if there\u2019s a major disagreement about a serious decision which cannot be agreed any other way. There are general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.

    ", + "

    Check if someone has an attorney or deputy acting for them before you apply.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s an immediate risk to the person

    ", + "

    Apply for an emergency or urgent court order if you think there\u2019s an immediate risk to the person, for example they need emergency medical treatment they cannot consent to.

    ", + "

    If the person needs long-term help

    ", + "

    You may have to apply to become a deputy if the person needs long-term help with decisions about personal welfare or property and financial affairs.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • an application form (COP1) - send the original and 2 copies
    • ", + "
  • an assessment of capacity form (COP3) - get the person\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to fill in the relevant parts, and send the original and a copy
    • ", + "

    You may also need to download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • supporting information for property and financial affairs decisions (COP1A) - include any other relevant details by sending a completed witness form (COP24) with your application
    • ", + "
  • supporting information for personal welfare applications (COP1B) - send the original and a copy
    • ", + "

    You must pay \u00a3365 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    ", + "

    Send a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your completed forms.

    ", + "

    Read the application form guidance notes (COP1) if you need help.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You must tell:

    ", + "
  • the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for
    • ", + "
  • people connected to the application
    • ", + "

    Tell them after you apply.

    ", + "

    Tell other people you've applied

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms - they\u2019ll be stamped with an issue date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get a letter from the court telling you what to do next.

    ", + "

    You must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) certain people about the application within 14 days of the issue date.

    ", + "

    Tell the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for

    ", + "

    You or your representative must visit the person and tell them:

    ", + "
  • who\u2019s applying to get a one-off decision about their personal welfare or property and financial affairs
    • ", + "
  • that their ability to make decisions is being questioned
    • ", + "
  • what the one-off decision would mean for them
    • ", + "
  • where to get advice if they want to discuss the application
    • ", + "

    You must give the person:

    ", + "
  • a completed form COP 14 - use the guidance notes to fill it in yourself
    • ", + "
  • an acknowledgment form (COP5), so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told
    • ", + "
  • any other documents related to your application
    • ", + "

    The person can get advice and assistance from the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    Tell people connected to the application

    ", + "

    You must tell people named on your application that it\u2019s been issued.

    ", + "

    Send them:

    ", + "
  • a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)
    • ", + "
  • an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told
    • ", + "
  • any other documents related to your application
    • ", + "

    You can tell them:

    ", + "
  • by post
    • ", + "
  • by fax or email
    • ", + "
  • in person
    • ", + "

    Confirm you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)

    ", + "

    You must confirm you\u2019ve told people within 7 days of sending the forms. Download and fill in both:

    ", + "
  • form (COP20A) for the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for
    • ", + "
  • form (COP20B) for other people named in the application
    • ", + "

    These forms are sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must send both forms to the Court of Protection at the same time.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll hear from the Court of Protection after you\u2019ve \u2018served notice\u2019 (told other people you\u2019ve applied).

    ", + "

    The court will tell you if:

    ", + "
  • your application\u2019s been approved or rejected
    • ", + "
  • you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to make a decision, and when and where it\u2019ll take place
    • ", + "

    If there\u2019s a hearing

    ", + "

    You must attend the hearing. You\u2019ll get a letter with a hearing date (\u2018notice\u2019) if the court decides to have a hearing.

    ", + "

    You must tell the person you\u2019re getting a decision for about the hearing:

    ", + "
  • within 14 days of getting the notice
    • ", + "
  • at least 14 days before the date of the hearing
    • ", + "

    Fill in the notice about proceedings (COP14) and give it to the person you\u2019re getting a decision for. Use the guidance notes if you need help.

    ", + "

    The person can contact the Court of Protection for advice and assistance - you must explain this to them.

    ", + "

    Send a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days of when you told the person.

    ", + "

    You must pay \u00a3500 if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.

    ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a hearing, you\u2019ll get a decision at it or afterwards by post.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision by post if there is not a hearing.

    ", + "

    Challenge a decision

    ", + "

    You can apply to the court for the decision to be reconsidered if it was made without a hearing - use form (COP9).

    ", + "

    You must apply within 21 days of the date the decision was made.

    ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    You must ask for permission to appeal if there was a hearing. Download and fill in the appellants\u2019 notice (COP35).

    ", + "

    You must pay \u00a3230. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Apply to the Mental Health Tribunal", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mental-health-tribunal", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health) if you\u2019re admitted (\u2018detained\u2019) as a patient in a psychiatric hospital (\u2018sectioned\u2019) and want to be discharged.

    ", + "

    You can apply on a patient\u2019s behalf if you\u2019re their:

    ", + "
  • legal representative
    • ", + "
  • \u2018nearest relative\u2019
    • ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    You can also apply to the tribunal if you want to change:

    ", + "
  • a community treatment order
    • ", + "
  • the conditions placed on your \u2018conditional discharge\u2019 from hospital
    • ", + "

    The tribunal deals with cases in England. There are different rules in Wales and rules in Scotland.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply depends on how you were admitted - ask your doctor or lawyer (if you have one) if you\u2019re unsure.

    ", + "

    There are deadlines for the first time you apply - you must apply within:

    ", + "
  • 14 days if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment (\u2018section 2\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • 6 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Get legal advice if you\u2019re a \u2018restricted patient\u2019, for example you\u2019ve received an order from the Crown Court or been transferred from prison- the deadlines depend on your situation.

    ", + "

    If you miss the deadline

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to be discharged if you miss the deadline but you may be able to apply again later, for example after a year if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019).

    ", + "

    The tribunal will automatically look at your case again after a certain period of time. This is sometimes known as a \u2018referral\u2019. The period of time depends on your case, for example:

    ", + "
  • if it\u2019s been 3 years since the tribunal gave you a hearing
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve not had a hearing in the first 6 months of your detention
    • ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You can get free legal help if you\u2019re a patient. It does not cost you anything as it\u2019s paid for by legal aid.

    ", + "

    Find a legal advisor near you or ask the tribunal to find one for you when you apply.

    ", + "

    You can also get advice from:

    ", + "
  • Carers Direct
    • ", + "
  • the charity Mind
    • ", + "
  • the charity Rethink
    • ", + "

    Apply to the tribunal

    ", + "

    Download and fill in an application to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health). You must include:

    ", + "
  • what you\u2019re applying for, for example discharge if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment or treatment
    • ", + "
  • the patient\u2019s first name, surname and date of birth
    • ", + "
  • full details of the care coordinator and hospital
    • ", + "
  • the date of the section or order
    • ", + "
  • contact details for the \u2018nearest relative\u2019 (if there is one)
    • ", + "
  • your lawyer\u2019s details (if you have one)
    • ", + "
  • whether you need an interpreter
    • ", + "

    Send the form

    ", + "

    Post or email the form to HM Courts and Tribunals Service. The contact details are on the form.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal by phone or email if you have any questions about completing the form. The helpline and email address cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told when the tribunal has received your application. You\u2019ll get information on your rights to legal representation if you did not include a lawyer\u2019s details in your application.

    ", + "

    Your \u2018nearest relative\u2019 will usually be told the date of the hearing - they can attend unless you object. Nearer the time of the hearing you\u2019ll be given copies of reports so that you can check that the information\u2019s correct and work out any questions you want to ask.

    ", + "

    The date of the hearing depends on your situation. You\u2019ll usually get a hearing within:

    ", + "
  • 7 days of applying if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment
    • ", + "
  • 2 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment
    • ", + "
  • 4 months if you\u2019ve received an order from the Crown Court or been transferred from prison (known as a \u2018restricted patient\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Evidence from the tribunal doctor

    ", + "

    You can ask for a pre-hearing examination with the tribunal doctor if you want one.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment, do this in writing when you send your application to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment or you\u2019re a restricted patient, you must do this at least 2 weeks before the hearing.

    ", + "

    Write to:

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your pre-hearing examination may take place by video.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will also ask the hospital for reports from:

    ", + "
  • your doctor
    • ", + "
  • the social work and nursing teams responsible for your care
    • ", + "
  • the Secretary of State for Justice if you\u2019re a restricted patient (and your social supervisor if you\u2019re living in the community on conditional discharge)
    • ", + "

    If you do not want to continue with your application

    ", + "

    Write to the tribunal as soon as possible if you do not want to continue with your application. The tribunal will decide whether to accept your withdrawal.

    ", + "

    You cannot withdraw your case if it was automatically referred to the tribunal, but you do not have to go to the hearing if you do not want to.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    You do not have to attend the hearing if you do not want to. You can bring a legal representative and a relative to the hearing if you do go - your representative can arrange for witnesses or experts to attend.

    ", + "

    Hearings are usually held in private and attended by:

    ", + "
  • a judicial panel, made up of a judge, a doctor and a specialist lay member (for example a mental health social worker)
    • ", + "
  • the patient
    • ", + "
  • their hospital doctor, ward nurse and social worker
    • ", + "
  • your legal representative, if you have one
    • ", + "

    The doctor, nurse and social worker will give evidence. You can also give evidence, and ask questions.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will also look at:

    ", + "
  • your pre-hearing examination from the tribunal doctor, if you had one
    • ", + "
  • an independent psychiatric report, if your legal representative asked for one
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a \u2018restricted patient\u2019 and have committed a serious offence against a person, they or their family can ask (or make \u2018representations\u2019) for certain conditions if the tribunal thinks you\u2019re ready for discharge.

    ", + "

    Claim expenses

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim expenses for going to the hearing. This includes money for:

    ", + "
  • travel costs
    • ", + "
  • loss of earnings
    • ", + "
  • food and drink, if you\u2019re away for more than 5 hours
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on claiming expenses.

    ", + "

    The tribunal's decision

    ", + "

    The tribunal usually decides at the end of the hearing on whether you should be discharged - you\u2019ll get the decision on the day, and you\u2019ll usually get full written reasons with 7 days of the hearing.

    ", + "

    The tribunal can:

    ", + "
  • order your release (on the same day or at a future date)
    • ", + "
  • recommend that you\u2019re transferred to a different hospital
    • ", + "
  • recommend that your doctor considers you for treatment in the community
    • ", + "
  • recommend that you\u2019re allowed to leave the hospital for periods of time, to see if you\u2019re ready for life in the community
    • ", + "

    The tribunal cannot change your treatment, for example medication.

    ", + "

    Appeal

    ", + "

    If you lose your case, you can ask the tribunal:

    ", + "
  • to cancel the decision - you must do this within 28 days of getting the written decision
    • ", + "
  • for permission to appeal to a higher tribunal (the \u2018Upper Tribunal\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Ask the tribunal to cancel the decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to get a decision \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled) if you think there\u2019s been a mistake in the process, for example you were not told about the hearing so did not go.

    ", + "

    If the tribunal cancels the decision, you may be able to get a new hearing.

    ", + "

    Contact Citizens Advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the Upper Tribunal

    ", + "

    You can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you think there was a legal mistake, for example if they:

    ", + "
  • did not apply the correct law or wrongly interpreted the law
    • ", + "
  • did not follow the correct procedures
    • ", + "
  • had no evidence or not enough evidence to support its decision
    • ", + "

    Fill in the application for permission to appeal - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Another judge will look to see if there\u2019s a legal problem with your case and if it needs to be heard again.

    ", + "

    Complain

    ", + "

    You cannot complain about the decision - you can only complain about the tribunal staff and the way the hearing took place.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on:

    ", + "
  • Mental Health Act 1983 (as amended by the Mental Health Act 2007)
    • ", + "
  • Mental Health Act 2007
    • ", + "
  • Human Rights Act 1998 if the case is about human rights
    • ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the Tribunal Procedure (First-Tier Tribunal) (Health, Education And Social Care Chamber) Rules 2008.

    ", + "

    Doctors\u2019 statements and reports must be written in line with the practice directions.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claim a deputyship fee refund", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deputyship-refund", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for a refund if you were overcharged deputyship fees by the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) for England and Wales.

    ", + "

    The refunds are only for deputyship assessments and annual supervisions which took place between 1 April 2008 and 31 March 2015.

    ", + "

    This page is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    To find out if you\u2019re owed any money and how much you\u2019ll get, you\u2019ll need to make a claim to the OPG.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a deputy acting under a current court order, you do not need to apply for a refund. Any overcharged fees will be refunded automatically.

    ", + "

    The deadline for refund claims is 4 October 2022.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    How much you get will depend on:

    ", + "
  • how much you paid and at what rate
    • ", + "
  • how long you paid for
    • ", + "
  • whether you have unpaid fees
    • ", + "

    Most refunds will be less than \u00a3200. You\u2019ll also get 0.5% interest.

    ", + "

    Who can claim

    ", + "

    You can make a claim if you:

    ", + "
  • had a deputy previously
    • ", + "
  • are acting on behalf of someone who had a deputy and has died
    • ", + "

    The deputyship must have been active between 1 April 2008 and 31 March 2015.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re still acting as a deputy, you do not need to apply. Any overcharged fees will be refunded automatically.

    ", + "

    If you had a deputy previously

    ", + "

    If you had a deputy but you now make your own decisions, you can apply for a refund.

    ", + "

    You can also ask your property and financial affairs attorney to make a claim on your behalf.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re acting on behalf of someone who has died

    ", + "

    If the person who used to have a deputy (the \u2018client\u2019) has died, the executor of the will must claim the refund.

    ", + "

    If there is no executor, an administrator of the estate can apply.

    ", + "

    If there is no estate administrator, a family member can apply.

    ", + "

    What you do with the refund

    ", + "

    Any refund received should be divided between the beneficiaries of the client\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    If the client\u2019s estate has already been settled, you can get help from Citizens Advice or a solicitor to make sure you comply with the law.

    ", + "

    What you'll need to claim

    ", + "

    To claim, you\u2019ll need details of the person who had a deputy (the \u2018client\u2019). This includes their:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • address when the deputyship ended
    • ", + "
  • date of death (if relevant)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide details of the bank account you\u2019d like the refund to be paid in to (if you do not want to be refunded by cheque).

    ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need to provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send proof of your:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • right to apply (if you\u2019re not the client)
    • ", + "

    You can send scanned and photocopied documents.

    ", + "

    You can also send original documents. They will be returned to you by post.

    ", + "

    You need to send a different piece of evidence for each type of proof.

    ", + "

    Proof of your name

    ", + "

    This can be:

    ", + "
  • current signed passport (copy of the page showing your name and photograph)
    • ", + "
  • original birth or adoption certificate
    • ", + "
  • current UK or EEA photocard driver\u2019s licence (not provisional licence)
    • ", + "
  • full old-style driving licence
    • ", + "
  • EEA member state identity card or national identity photo card
    • ", + "
  • benefit book or original notification letter from the benefits agency
    • ", + "

    Proof of your address

    ", + "

    This can be:

    ", + "
  • utility bill (not a mobile phone bill) from the last 12 months
    • ", + "
  • current council tax bill
    • ", + "
  • bank, building society or credit union statement or passbook dated within the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • original mortgage statement issued for the last full year
    • ", + "
  • council or housing association or rent card or tenancy agreement for the current year
    • ", + "

    Proof of your right to apply

    ", + "

    Include a copy of:

    ", + "
  • grant of probate (executors)
    • ", + "
  • letters of administration (administrators)
    • ", + "
  • death certificate (family members)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney, you\u2019ll need to provide the lasting power of attorney reference number.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You will need to complete a form and send it with your evidence.

    ", + "

    Claim by email

    ", + "

    Send the form and evidence as email attachments to:

    ", + "

    DeputyshipFeeRefunds@justice.gov.uk

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to attach scanned copies or clear photographs of original documents. The email size limit is 10MB but you can send more than one email.

    ", + "

    Write \u2018Deputyship fee refund application\u2019 as the email subject.

    ", + "

    Claim by post

    ", + "

    Post the form and your evidence to:

    ", + "

    Claim by phone

    ", + "

    If you cannot claim by email or fill in the form yourself, contact the helpline. You\u2019ll still need to send evidence.

    ", + "

    After you've claimed

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told by email or letter:

    ", + "
  • when your application has been received
    • ", + "
  • if any information is missing
    • ", + "
  • whether your claim is successful
    • ", + "
  • the refund amount and when it\u2019ll be paid
    • ", + "
  • the reasons for any rejection
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019ll get the refund

    ", + "

    It can take up to 10 weeks to get a decision and a further 2 weeks to receive the refund.

    ", + "

    If your claim is rejected

    ", + "

    You can appeal by contacting the Refunds Helpline.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claiming and dealing with tax credits for someone else", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-help-with-your-tax-credits-claim", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can get permission to deal with someone else\u2019s tax credits. The type of permission you need depends on what you want to do.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about someone else\u2019s claim - as an authorised intermediary
    • ", + "
  • take responsibility for someone else\u2019s tax credit claim when they cannot manage their own affairs - as an appointee
    • ", + "
  • claim tax credits for both your child and their baby
    • ", + "

    Authorisation

    ", + "

    You must be authorised to talk to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about someone else\u2019s tax credits. If you\u2019re not, every time you call that person must first confirm their identity and say they\u2019re happy for you to act for them.

    ", + "

    Get authorised

    ", + "

    Send form TC689 to HMRC. This must be signed by the person (or persons if it\u2019s a joint claim) you\u2019re representing.

    ", + "

    The authorisation lasts 12 months unless a different end date is put on the form. It usually takes 2 days to get authorised from when your form is received but can take longer if you send a letter instead of form TC689. Usually, you will not get a letter confirming your authorisation.

    ", + "

    More than one person can be authorised but each one must send a TC689 form.

    ", + "

    Tax credits will not be paid into your account unless you\u2019re the appointee.

    ", + "

    If you act for a lot of clients

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC to register as an \u2018intermediary organisation\u2019 if you work in the voluntary sector and act for many people.

    ", + "

    You can get urgent authorisation online if you\u2019re an intermediary organisation and you have a completed TC689.

    ", + "

    Use form 64-8 to get authorisation if you\u2019re a paid agent. You can then use the Agent Priority Line to contact HMRC.

    ", + "

    Cancel an authorisation

    ", + "

    An authorisation can be cancelled by writing to HMRC.

    ", + "

    Appointees

    ", + "

    You can apply for the right to deal with the tax credits of someone who cannot manage their own affairs, for example because they\u2019re mentally incapable or severely disabled.

    ", + "

    This is called becoming an \u2018appointee\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not an appointee if you just help someone complete their claim form.

    ", + "

    Applying to become a tax credit appointee

    ", + "

    You must be over 18 and have a bank account. You do not have to be a relative.

    ", + "

    If you have a tax credit claim form, complete the appointee section explaining why the person cannot complete and sign their form. Then send the form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). They may contact you for more information before deciding whether to make you an appointee or not.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a claim form, contact HMRC.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • sign the tax credit claim form
    • ", + "
  • renew the tax credits claim
    • ", + "
  • report any changes which affect how much money the person gets
    • ", + "
  • tell HMRC if you\u2019re no longer the appointee
    • ", + "

    Any tax credits the person gets are paid directly into your bank account. If you make a false or misleading statement you may be charged a penalty.

    ", + "

    The claimant is responsible for paying back overpayments. Their tax credits may be reduced or you may be asked to make a direct payment on their behalf.

    ", + "

    Stop being an appointee

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC within 1 month of when you want to stop being the appointee.

    ", + "

    Claim on behalf of your child

    ", + "

    Your child is under 16

    ", + "

    If your child has a baby, you can make the claim for both of them if they live with you. The money will be paid to you.

    ", + "

    Your child is over 16

    ", + "

    Your child can make the claim themselves if they\u2019re over 16 and have a baby.

    ", + "

    You can make the claim for them if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your child and their baby live with you
    • ", + "
  • your child is in approved education or training
    • ", + "

    You must stop claiming tax credits for your child if they start claiming tax credits for themselves. Phone HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to stop claiming tax credits.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Deputies: make decisions for someone who lacks capacity", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-deputy", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to become someone\u2019s deputy if they \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019. This means they cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made. They may still be able to make decisions for themselves at certain times.

    ", + "

    People may lack mental capacity because, for example:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness
    • ", + "
  • they have dementia
    • ", + "
  • they have severe learning disabilities
    • ", + "

    As a deputy, you\u2019ll be authorised by the Court of Protection to make decisions on their behalf.

    ", + "

    Types of deputy

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of deputy.

    ", + "

    Property and financial affairs deputy

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll do things like pay the person\u2019s bills or organise their pension.

    ", + "

    Personal welfare deputy

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll make decisions about medical treatment and how someone is looked after.

    ", + "

    You cannot become someone\u2019s personal welfare deputy if they\u2019re under 16. Get legal advice if you think the court needs to make a decision about their care.

    ", + "

    The court will usually only appoint a personal welfare deputy if:

    ", + "
  • there\u2019s doubt whether decisions will be made in someone\u2019s best interests, for example because the family disagree about care
    • ", + "
  • someone needs to be appointed to make decisions about a specific issue over time, for example where someone will live
    • ", + "

    Read the full guidance about when you need to make a personal welfare application.

    ", + "

    Becoming a deputy

    ", + "

    You can apply to be just one type of deputy or both. If you\u2019re appointed, you\u2019ll get a court order saying what you can and cannot do.

    ", + "

    When you become a deputy, you must send an annual report to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Check you meet the requirements to be a deputy.

    ", + "

    Send the application forms to the Court of Protection and pay the application fee.

    ", + "

    You do not need to be a deputy if you\u2019re just looking after someone\u2019s benefits. Apply to become an appointee instead.

    ", + "

    Checks on your application

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection will check:

    ", + "
  • whether the person needs a deputy or some other kind of help
    • ", + "
  • there are no objections to your appointment
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re appointed, the Office of the Public Guardian will help you carry out your responsibilities.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue to be a deputy until your court order is changed, cancelled or expires.

    ", + "

    Other ways to make decisions for someone

    ", + "

    If you want to make a single important decision, you can apply to the Court of Protection for a one-off order.

    ", + "

    If the person already has a lasting power of attorney (LPA) or enduring power of attorney (EPA), they do not usually need a deputy. Check if they have an LPA or EPA before you apply.

    ", + "

    Who can apply to be a deputy

    ", + "

    You can apply to be a deputy if you\u2019re 18 or over. Deputies are usually close relatives or friends of the person who needs help making decisions.

    ", + "

    If you want to become a property and affairs deputy, you need to have the skills to make financial decisions for someone else.

    ", + "

    The court can appoint 2 or more deputies for the same person.

    ", + "

    When there\u2019s more than one deputy

    ", + "

    When you apply, tell the court how you\u2019ll make decisions if you\u2019re not the only deputy. It will be either:

    ", + "
  • together (\u2018joint deputyship\u2019), which means all the deputies have to agree on the decision
    • ", + "
  • separately or together (\u2018jointly and severally\u2019), which means deputies can make decisions on their own or with other deputies
    • ", + "

    Other types of deputy

    ", + "

    Some people are paid to act as deputies, for example accountants, solicitors or representatives of the local authority.

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection can appoint a specialist deputy (called a \u2018panel deputy\u2019) from a list of approved law firms and charities if no one else is available.

    ", + "

    Responsibilities

    ", + "

    As a deputy, you\u2019re responsible for helping someone make decisions or making decisions on their behalf.

    ", + "

    You must consider someone\u2019s level of mental capacity every time you make a decision for them - you cannot assume it\u2019s the same at all times and for all kinds of things.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a court order from the Court of Protection which says what you can and cannot do. There are also general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.

    ", + "

    Guidance for all deputies

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re making a decision, you must:

    ", + "
  • make sure it\u2019s in the other person\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • consider what they\u2019ve done in the past
    • ", + "
  • apply a high standard of care - this might mean involving other people, for example getting advice from relatives and professionals like doctors
    • ", + "
  • do everything you can to help the other person understand the decision, for example explain what\u2019s going to happen with the help of pictures or sign language
    • ", + "
  • add the decisions to your annual report
    • ", + "

    You must not:

    ", + "
  • restrain the person, unless it\u2019s to stop them coming to harm
    • ", + "
  • stop life-sustaining medical treatment
    • ", + "
  • take advantage of the person\u2019s situation, for example abuse them or profit from a decision you\u2019ve taken on their behalf
    • ", + "
  • make a will for the person, or change their existing will
    • ", + "
  • make gifts unless the court order says you can
    • ", + "
  • hold any money or property in your own name on the person\u2019s behalf
    • ", + "

    Property and affairs deputies

    ", + "

    You must make sure:

    ", + "
  • your own property and money is separate from the other person\u2019s
    • ", + "
  • you keep records of the finances you manage on their behalf in your annual report
    • ", + "

    You may need to manage a Court Funds Office account on the other person\u2019s behalf.

    ", + "

    You could be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years (or both) if you mistreat or neglect the person on purpose.

    ", + "

    Apply to be a deputy

    ", + "

    You need to download and fill in all of the following:

    ", + "
  • an application form (COP1) - you\u2019ll need to send the original form plus a copy when you apply
    • ", + "
  • an assessment of capacity form (COP3)
    • ", + "
  • a deputy\u2019s declaration (COP4)
    • ", + "

    You also need to download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • a supporting information form (COP1A) if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy
    • ", + "
  • a supporting information form (COP1B) if you\u2019re applying to be a personal welfare deputy
    • ", + "

    You must name at least 3 people in your application who know the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for. For example, their relatives, a social worker or doctor.

    ", + "

    The court may not accept your application if you do not send the \u2018assessment of capacity\u2019 (COP3) form.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get an assessment, you must download and fill in a witness statement (COP24) to explain why you think the person you\u2019re applying about lacks capacity.

    ", + "

    You should keep a copy of every form you fill in.

    ", + "

    Where to send your forms

    ", + "

    Send the forms, including 2 copies of the application form (COP1), to the Court of Protection with a cheque for the application fee.

    ", + "

    Tell people named in your application

    ", + "

    The court will aim to send you a stamped copy of your application within a week of receiving it. This means your application is being considered (it has been \u2018issued\u2019). You\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining what to do next.

    ", + "

    Within 14 days of the application being issued, you must tell (sometimes called \u2018serving\u2019) the following people:

    ", + "
  • the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for
    • ", + "
  • at least 3 people named in your application as having an interest, for example the person\u2019s relatives, social worker or doctor
    • ", + "

    If you cannot tell 3 people you should send in a witness statement (COP24).

    ", + "

    Tell the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for

    ", + "

    You or your representative must visit the person and tell them:

    ", + "
  • who\u2019s applying to be their deputy
    • ", + "
  • that their ability to make decisions is being questioned
    • ", + "
  • what having a deputy would mean for them
    • ", + "
  • where to get advice if they want to discuss the application
    • ", + "

    During the visit give them:

    ", + "
  • a completed proceedings notification form (COP14) - use the guidance notes to fill this in yourself
    • ", + "
  • an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it
    • ", + "
  • any other documents related to your application
    • ", + "

    Tell people connected to your application

    ", + "

    You must tell 3 people named on your application that it has been issued.

    ", + "

    Send them:

    ", + "
  • a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)
    • ", + "
  • an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it
    • ", + "
  • any other documents related to your application
    • ", + "

    You can tell them:

    ", + "
  • by post to their home address
    • ", + "
  • by fax or email
    • ", + "
  • in person
    • ", + "

    Confirming that you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)

    ", + "

    Within 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the relevant forms (sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:

    ", + "
  • the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for (COP20A)
    • ", + "
  • other people named in the application (COP20B)
    • ", + "

    Send them all together to the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    You must pay:

    ", + "
  • a fee to apply to be a deputy
    • ", + "
  • a supervision fee every year after you\u2019ve been appointed
    • ", + "

    You may also have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy.

    ", + "

    When you apply

    ", + "

    You must pay a \u00a3365 application fee. Send this with your application form.

    ", + "

    You need to pay the application fee twice if you\u2019re applying to become both types of deputy.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a3485 if the court decides your case needs a hearing. The court will tell you when you need to pay this.

    ", + "

    Make all cheques payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.

    ", + "

    Security bonds for property and affairs deputies

    ", + "

    You may have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy. This is a type of insurance that protects the finances of the person you\u2019re a deputy for.

    ", + "

    You do not have to set up a bond if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re representing a local authority
    • ", + "
  • the court decides it\u2019s not necessary, for example if the person\u2019s estate has a low value
    • ", + "

    If you need to set one up, you\u2019ll get a letter from the court telling you this. The letter will explain what to do next.

    ", + "

    You set up the bond with a security bond provider. The amount you pay depends on:

    ", + "
  • the value of the estate of the person you\u2019re a deputy for
    • ", + "
  • how much of their estate you control
    • ", + "

    You can pay it either:

    ", + "
  • using the person\u2019s money
    • ", + "
  • yourself - you can get the money back from the person\u2019s estate once you have access to it
    • ", + "

    You may be prosecuted if you misuse the person\u2019s money.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve been appointed

    ", + "

    You must pay an annual supervision fee depending on what level of supervision your deputyship needs. You\u2019ll pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3320 for general supervision
    • ", + "
  • \u00a335 for minimal supervision - this applies to some property and affairs deputies managing less than \u00a321,000
    • ", + "

    Your annual supervision fee is due on 31 March for the previous year.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay a \u00a3100 assessment fee if you\u2019re a new deputy.

    ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian will tell you how and when to pay your assessment and supervision fees.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim a refund of your fees in certain situations.

    ", + "

    Getting help with your application fee

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay an application fee depending on:

    ", + "
  • what type of deputy you\u2019re applying to be
    • ", + "
  • how much money you or the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for has
    • ", + "Type of deputy | Whose finances will be assessed", + "Property and financial affairs | Theirs", + "Personal welfare | Yours", + "

    The guidance has information about getting help with your fees.

    ", + "

    You can claim back the fee from the funds of the person you want to be a deputy for if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy.

    ", + "

    The fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving the application.

    ", + "

    Getting help with your supervision fees

    ", + "

    You can apply for an exemption or reduction of the fee if the person you\u2019re a deputy for gets certain benefits or has an income below \u00a312,000. Read the guidance that comes with the form and apply if the person meets the requirements. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    If the person you\u2019re deputy for dies, you pay the supervision fee for the part of the year when you acted as deputy. For example, you\u2019ll have to pay \u00a317.50 if your minimal supervision deputyship comes to an end after 6 months.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a 14-day wait after you tell the other people involved that you applied, in case they object.

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection will then review your application and tell you if:

    ", + "
  • your application\u2019s been approved or rejected
    • ", + "
  • you need to set up a security bond before you can be appointed
    • ", + "
  • you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to get more information, for example if someone objected
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s usually no hearing if you applied to be a property and financial affairs deputy.

    ", + "

    Read guidance on how coronavirus (COVID-19) might affect your hearing and what you should bring.

    ", + "

    Tell the person you want to be a deputy for about the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a notice with the date of the hearing if the court decides to hold one. You must visit the person you want to be deputy for and tell them about it:

    ", + "
  • within 14 days of getting the notice
    • ", + "
  • at least 14 days before the date of the hearing
    • ", + "

    Give them a completed notice about proceedings (COP14). Use the guidance notes to fill it in.

    ", + "

    You must explain that they can contact Court of Protection staff for advice and assistance.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve told them, send a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a fee if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.

    ", + "

    The guidance explains what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.

    ", + "

    When you're appointed

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a \u2018court order\u2019 telling you what you can and cannot do as a deputy. When you have this, you can start acting on the person\u2019s behalf.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent the court order:

    ", + "
  • as soon as you\u2019re appointed - if you\u2019re a personal welfare deputy
    • ", + "
  • after you set up a security bond - if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and have been asked to do this by the court
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a separate court order before you can:

    ", + "
  • sell a property that\u2019s jointly owned if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy
    • ", + "
  • make a one-off decision on anything else that\u2019s not covered by the court order
    • ", + "

    Check the court order. If there are any mistakes, download and fill in form COP9 with the details and send it to the court within 21 days of receiving the court order. There is no fee.

    ", + "

    Tell people and organisations you\u2019re a deputy

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get official copies of the court order to send to banks and building societies, for example. These prove you\u2019re acting on behalf of the other person. When you send out an official copy, ask for it to be returned.

    ", + "

    Order extra copies of the court order by writing to the Court of Protection. They cost \u00a35 each.

    ", + "

    Start managing a bank account

    ", + "

    Before you can manage an account, you must show the bank:

    ", + "
  • the original court order, or an official copy of it
    • ", + "
  • proof of your name, for example your passport or driving licence
    • ", + "
  • proof of your address, for example a gas, electricity or council tax bill, or letter from a government department
    • ", + "
  • proof of the name or address of the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for - if they\u2019re not the same as on the bank account
    • ", + "

    Court Funds Office accounts

    ", + "

    If the person you\u2019re deputy for has money in a Court Funds Office account, you\u2019ll be sent information about how to access it.

    ", + "

    You can also apply to open an account with the Court Funds Office if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and it\u2019s in the person\u2019s best interests.

    ", + "

    Record your decisions and transactions

    ", + "

    You can start your annual report to record your decisions and transactions, such as paying bills.

    ", + "

    Supervision, support and visits

    ", + "

    As a deputy, you\u2019ll be supervised by the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG). They\u2019re authorised to contact you or visit you to check you\u2019re being an effective deputy. They can also give you advice and support.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019ll be supervised

    ", + "

    New deputies get a \u2018general\u2019 level of supervision for their first year.

    ", + "

    After that, if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy you\u2019ll move to \u2018minimal\u2019 supervision if both:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re managing less than \u00a321,000
    • ", + "
  • you no longer need a general level of supervision
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay a lower fee and have to write a shorter annual report than deputies with general supervision.

    ", + "

    Supervision visits

    ", + "

    You may be visited by a Court of Protection visitor to check if you:

    ", + "
  • understand your duties
    • ", + "
  • have the right level of support from OPG
    • ", + "
  • are carrying out your duties properly
    • ", + "
  • are being investigated because of a complaint
    • ", + "

    The visitor will call you to arrange the visit and explain why they\u2019re visiting.

    ", + "

    Contact OPG

    ", + "

    Tell OPG if you\u2019re planning to make an important decision, for example you want to sell the property of the person you\u2019re deputy for so they can move into a care home.

    ", + "

    Accounts, gifts and expenses

    ", + "

    You must keep accounts and follow the rules for gifts and expenses if you\u2019re acting as deputy for someone else. You must also record the transactions in your annual report.

    ", + "

    Accounts

    ", + "

    As a property and affairs deputy, you must keep copies of:

    ", + "
  • bank statements
    • ", + "
  • contracts for services or tradespeople
    • ", + "
  • receipts
    • ", + "
  • letters and emails about your activities as a deputy
    • ", + "

    Gifts

    ", + "

    Your court order will say if you can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the other person, including donations to charities. It will also say if there\u2019s an annual limit on how much money you can use for gifts.

    ", + "

    Gifts must be reasonable. You need to make sure any gifts do not reduce the level of care the person you\u2019re deputy for can afford.

    ", + "

    You must apply to the Court of Protection if you want to make a one-off large gift for Inheritance Tax purposes, for example.

    ", + "

    Expenses

    ", + "

    You can claim expenses for things you must do to carry out your role as deputy, for example phone calls, postage and travel costs. You cannot claim:

    ", + "
  • travel costs for social visits
    • ", + "
  • for the time spent carrying out your duties (unless you\u2019re a professional deputy, for example a solicitor)
    • ", + "

    You may be asked to give a detailed report of what you spent. You\u2019ll have to pay the money back if the Office of the Public Guardian finds your expenses are unreasonable. They may ask the court to stop you being a deputy if they think you\u2019ve been dishonest.

    ", + "

    Complete your deputy report

    ", + "

    You must write a report each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made as a deputy. You might be asked to do this more often if the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) needs additional information.

    ", + "

    You may also need to write a final report if you stop being a deputy.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a public authority or professional deputy using the service for the first time, you need to contact your case manager to register first. If you\u2019re a deputy for a friend or family member, you can create an account online.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Or you can download and fill in a paper annual report form. The address you need to send it to is on the form.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Your report must include:

    ", + "
  • the reasons for your decisions and why they were in the best interests of the person you\u2019re deputy for
    • ", + "
  • who you spoke to and why what they said was in the person\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • the finances of the person if you\u2019re their property and financial deputy
    • ", + "

    The OPG will tell you when it\u2019s time to send it.

    ", + "

    If you do not send the report the OPG might:

    ", + "
  • increase your level of supervision
    • ", + "
  • ask the court to replace you with a different deputy
    • ", + "

    Change your deputyship or make a one-off decision

    ", + "

    You must apply to the Court of Protection if you have to:

    ", + "
  • renew your deputyship
    • ", + "
  • change your deputyship, for example make decisions that are not in the original order
    • ", + "
  • make a one-off decision on something not covered by your court order
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in both:

    ", + "
  • an application form (COP 1)
    • ", + "
  • a witness statement form (COP24) with a copy of the current order appointing you as a deputy attached
    • ", + "

    Your witness statement should include:

    ", + "
  • the total annual income of the person you\u2019re a deputy for including pensions
    • ", + "
  • a summary of their assets, for example bank balances, savings, investments
    • ", + "
  • details of property they own
    • ", + "
  • the annual cost of their care and other regular items of major expenditure
    • ", + "
  • the value of the security bond set by the court
    • ", + "
  • a description of the circumstances that have led to the application being made
    • ", + "

    Send the Court of Protection:

    ", + "
  • the completed forms
    • ", + "
  • a cheque for the application fee - \u00a3365 - payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    ", + "

    If you need help with changing your deputyship, call the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You may have to notify other people about the change to the court order if the court tells you to.

    ", + "

    They can object or ask the court to reconsider any proposed changes they do not agree with. They can do this:

    ", + "
  • before the court order is issued
    • ", + "
  • up to 21 days after the court order is issued
    • ", + "

    End your deputyship

    ", + "

    If you no longer want or need to be a deputy, download and fill in the application notice (COP1) and send it to the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    If the person has recovered mental capacity, download and fill in form COP 9. Send it to the Court of Protection with any supporting evidence, for example a doctor\u2019s letter.

    ", + "

    You cannot stop being a deputy until you\u2019ve got the relevant court order.

    ", + "

    If the person you\u2019re deputy for dies

    ", + "

    Contact the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and the Court of Protection to tell them that the person has died.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to send evidence to OPG that the person has died, for example a death certificate. Check the full list of evidence that OPG accepts.

    ", + "

    Your security bond will remain in force for 2 years after the death of the person you\u2019re a deputy for unless there\u2019s a court order cancelling it.

    ", + "

    Contact the Court Funds Office if the person you were deputy for had an account with them.

    ", + "

    Read more about how to be a deputy.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Deputies: manage a Court Funds Office account", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/court-funds-office-processes", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may need to manage a Court Funds Office account for someone if you\u2019re their property and affairs deputy and you\u2019re authorised by the Court of Protection to look after money on their behalf.

    ", + "

    Check the court order that appointed you as deputy - it tells you what you\u2019re authorised to do.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply on behalf of the person you\u2019re deputy for to:

    ", + "
  • manage an account that was opened for them by court order, for example for money they received from a court case
    • ", + "
  • open an account for them
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll get a special account with the Court Funds Office.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    The account belongs to the person you\u2019re deputy for. You\u2019re the only person who can manage it on their behalf.

    ", + "

    You must keep to your responsibilities as a deputy when you\u2019re managing the account.

    ", + "

    Check the court order that appointed you as deputy - it tells you the limits on what you can and cannot do with the account.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You need to apply to:

    ", + "
  • open an account for someone
    • ", + "
  • manage an account for someone
    • ", + "

    You must be appointed by the Court of Protection as the person\u2019s property and affairs deputy.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll be able to make withdrawals from the bank account that you run on behalf of the person whose affairs you manage.

    ", + "
  • Check the details on the court order that appointed you as deputy - you\u2019ll need the date of the order and the case number.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in form CFO A to apply for authority to make withdrawals - give your bank account details and tick the \u2018New details\u2019 box.
    • ", + "
  • Attach a copy of your bank statement (less than 3 months old) or a letter from your bank to confirm your bank account details.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in form CFO L to pay money in to the account at the same time as applying - attach a cheque made payable to the \u2018Accountant General of the Senior Courts\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Send forms and attachments together with a copy of the original court order that appointed you as deputy - it must have a seal. The address is on the forms.
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the Court Funds Office within 5 working days to confirm that you\u2019re set up to manage the account.

    ", + "

    Your form will be returned if your application cannot be processed - you\u2019ll be told what you can do to fix this.

    ", + "

    Manage an account

    ", + "

    A Court Funds Office account is called a \u2018special account\u2019 if the account holder has a deputy.

    ", + "

    Statements

    ", + "

    As the deputy, you\u2019ll get statements in April or May and in October or November each year.

    ", + "

    You can also ask for a statement at any time by contacting the Court Funds Office.

    ", + "

    Interest and tax

    ", + "

    Special accounts currently pay 0.1% interest. The rate is not fixed - it is set by the Lord Chancellor.

    ", + "

    Tax is not deducted from special accounts. The person you\u2019re deputy for must pay income tax if the interest is more than their tax allowance.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get tax vouchers (for tax returns) with your April statement.

    ", + "

    Change of address

    ", + "

    Write a letter to the Court Funds Office to tell them if your address changes so you can keep getting statements and tax vouchers.

    ", + "

    Investments

    ", + "

    You can invest in the stock market using money from the Court Funds Office account you manage if it:

    ", + "
  • holds \u00a310,000 or more for the person you\u2019re deputy for
    • ", + "
  • is likely to hold the money for 5 or more years
    • ", + "

    The Court Funds Office makes stock market investments in companies using the Equity Tracker Index Fund (ETIF).

    ", + "

    Write to the Court Funds Office asking them to invest the sum you require in the ETIF.

    ", + "

    Check the value of the ETIF on the Financial Times website.

    ", + "

    Tax

    ", + "

    Tax is deducted from dividends on investments. However, if the person you\u2019re deputy for has a high income, they may need to pay more income tax on interest or dividends from the investments.

    ", + "

    They must also pay Capital Gains Tax if their investments are sold for a difference in value that\u2019s more than their allowance.

    ", + "

    Deposits

    ", + "

    You can pay money in to an account after you apply to manage the account.

    ", + "
  • Check the details on the court order that appointed you as deputy - you\u2019ll need the date of the order and the case number.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in form CFO L. You must physically sign the form - this is also known as a \u2018wet signature\u2019. Electronic signatures will not be accepted.
    • ", + "
  • Write a cheque for the amount you\u2019re paying in, payable to the \u2018Accountant General of the Senior Courts\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Attach a copy of the original court order that appointed you as deputy (it must have a seal) and send it with the form and cheque to the address on the form.
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the Court Funds Office within 5 working days to confirm that it\u2019s processed your deposit.

    ", + "

    Your form will be returned if your deposit cannot be processed - you\u2019ll be told what you can do to fix this.

    ", + "

    Withdrawals

    ", + "

    You can set up one-off withdrawals or regular withdrawals into the bank account that you run on behalf of the person whose affairs you manage after you apply to manage the account.

    ", + "

    You can only make a payment to another bank account (for example to a solicitor\u2019s account to pay fees) if you have a court order from the Court of Protection saying you can do this.

    ", + "

    You can only make withdrawals within limits set by the Court of Protection - check the court order that appointed you as deputy.

    ", + "

    Set up payments

    ", + "

    Check the court order that appointed you as deputy - you\u2019ll need the date of the order and the case number to fill in payment forms.

    ", + "

    Fill in:

    ", + "
  • form CFO P to make a one-off payment to your bank account
    • ", + "
  • form CFO R to set up or change a regular payment to your bank account
    • ", + "
  • form CFO 205 to make a one-off payment to another bank account
    • ", + "

    You must also fill in form CFO A if your bank account details have changed \u2013 tick the \u2018amending details\u2019 box and attach either:

    ", + "
  • a copy of a bank statement (less than 3 months old)
    • ", + "
  • letter from your bank confirming your new bank account details
    • ", + "

    Send forms by post. The address is on the forms. You\u2019ll get a confirmation letter from the Court Funds Office within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    One-off payment to your bank account

    ", + "

    A cheque will be paid into your bank account within 5 days. The money will take 3 working days to clear.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re withdrawing money for a gift or charitable donation, fill in form CFO PG and send it with form CFO P.

    ", + "

    Regular payment to your bank account

    ", + "

    Use form CFO R to set up, amend, renew or stop a regular payment - tick the box on the form that applies.

    ", + "

    Specify the number of months you want a regular payment to continue (up to 23 months).

    ", + "

    The Court Funds Office automatically renews regular payments that are set up to continue for 23 months - you\u2019ll get a letter to remind you 1 month before renewal.

    ", + "

    Payment to another bank account

    ", + "

    Ask the person or company the payment is for to sign form CFO 205. You must get a copy of a a bank statement (less than 3 months old) if you\u2019re paying a person rather than a company.

    ", + "

    Send it with an original copy of the court order authorising the payment \u2013 it must have a seal.

    ", + "

    Stop managing or close an account

    ", + "

    A new deputy can take over management of the account if you stop being a deputy or die.

    ", + "

    You cannot hand over management of the account - only the Court of Protection can appoint a new deputy. The new deputy will then need to apply to manage the account.

    ", + "

    You stop being a deputy

    ", + "

    Tell the Court Funds Office in writing if you stop being a deputy - send a copy of the letter to the Office of the Public Guardian and Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    Close an account

    ", + "

    You cannot close a Court Funds Office yourself (for example by moving all the money into another account) unless you have a court order that authorises you to do this.

    ", + "

    If the person you\u2019re deputy for dies the person dealing with the estate can apply for the money in the account to be paid out. The account will be closed.

    ", + "

    The person you're deputy for dies

    ", + "

    Write to the Court Funds Office to tell them if the person you\u2019re deputy for has died. Send a certified copy of the death certificate if you can get one.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include certain information depending on

    ", + "
  • who\u2019s dealing with the estate
    • ", + "
  • whether there\u2019s a will
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re dealing with the estate

    ", + "

    Ask for a Certificate of Funds when you write to the Court Funds Office about the death. This shows how much money is in the account and investments.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need this information to deal with the person\u2019s tax and estate (their money, property and possessions)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not dealing with the estate

    ", + "

    Tell the Court Funds Office who is dealing with the estate (the personal representative) and provide their contact details.

    ", + "

    The Court Funds Office will provide the personal representative with information and the forms required to close the account.

    ", + "

    If the person did not leave a will

    ", + "

    If the person died without making a will and has no living relatives, the Court Funds Office will contact the Treasury Solicitor or Solicitor for the Duchy of Cornwall or Lancaster. They will deal with the person\u2019s money, property and possessions as an unclaimed estate.

    ", + "

    Payments for funeral expenses

    ", + "

    The personal representative or the person who arranged the funeral can apply for funeral expenses to be paid to the funeral provider out of the account.

    ", + "
  • Fill in form CFO FE1.
    • ", + "
  • Send it to the address on the form with the funeral provider\u2019s invoice and a certified copy of the death certificate.
    • ", + "

    Funeral expenses must be in keeping with the value of the person\u2019s estate - they cannot include payments for:

    ", + "
  • headstones
    • ", + "
  • refreshments at the funeral service
    • ", + "

    Payments for inheritance tax

    ", + "

    The personal representative can apply for inheritance tax to be paid to HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) out of the account.

    ", + "
  • Fill in form CFO IHT1.
    • ", + "
  • Send it to the address on the form with the completed form IHT423 and certified copies of the death certificate and any will.
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Enduring power of attorney: acting as an attorney", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/enduring-power-attorney-duties", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can help make or make decisions about someone\u2019s property and money if they appointed you using an enduring power of attorney (EPA).

    ", + "

    The person who appointed you is called the \u2018donor\u2019 - you are their \u2018attorney\u2019.

    ", + "

    Any decision you make on the donor\u2019s behalf must be in their best interests.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to check if the donor\u2019s given you specific instructions or guidance in the EPA document that will affect your responsibilities.

    ", + "

    Only EPAs made and signed before October 1, 2007 can still be used. After that date donors had to make a lasting power of attorney (LPA) instead.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh.

    ", + "

    Using the enduring power of attorney

    ", + "

    You can start using an EPA at any time if the EPA is legal and the donor gives you permission.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be responsible for helping the donor make decisions about their finances. Depending on their instructions you\u2019ll help manage things like their:

    ", + "
  • money and bills
    • ", + "
  • bank and building society accounts
    • ", + "
  • property and investments
    • ", + "
  • pensions and benefits
    • ", + "

    There may be other attorneys - if there are, check how the donor wants you to make decisions.

    ", + "

    You must register the EPA when the donor starts to lose or has lost their mental capacity. This means they cannot make a decision at the time it needs to be made because of a mental impairment.

    ", + "

    You must still involve the person in making decisions whenever possible and only make decisions on their behalf which are in their best interests.

    ", + "

    Stop being an attorney

    ", + "

    The EPA will end if the donor cancels it or they die.

    ", + "

    You can stop being an attorney by choice.

    ", + "

    You may be investigated if there\u2019s a complaint against you. The Office of the Public Guardian can apply to the Court of Protection to have you removed.

    ", + "

    Register an enduring power of attorney

    ", + "

    You must register the enduring power of attorney (EPA) as soon as the donor starts to lose mental capacity.

    ", + "
  • Tell the donor, their family members and other attorneys you intend to register the EPA.
    • ", + "
  • Apply to register the EPA.
    • ", + "
  • Pay the fee.
    • ", + "

    Telling people you intend to register

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form EP1PG. Send it to:

    ", + "
  • the donor
    • ", + "
  • at least 3 of the donor\u2019s family members who are eligible - they must be 18 or over and have mental capacity
    • ", + "
  • any attorneys who were appointed \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 but are not applying to register the EPA
    • ", + "

    You must tell the first 3 eligible family members from the following list. If there\u2019s no family member in a particular category, move on to the next one. You must try to tell the family members in this order:

    ", + "
  • donor\u2019s husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s children (including adopted children but not including stepchildren)
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s parents
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s brothers and sisters (including half-brothers and half-sisters)
    • ", + "
  • widow or widower or surviving civil partner of the donor\u2019s child
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s grandchildren
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s nephews and nieces (children of the donor\u2019s full brothers and sisters)
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s nephews and nieces (children of the donor\u2019s half-brothers and half-sisters)
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s aunts and uncles (full brothers or sisters of a parent of the donor)
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s first cousins (children of the donor\u2019s aunts and uncles who are full brothers and sisters of a parent of the donor)
    • ", + "

    You must tell all the people in a category if you tell one of them, eg if 1 of the 3 relatives you\u2019re telling is a grandchild and the donor has 15 other grandchildren, you must tell all 16 of them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a family member as well as an attorney, you count as one of the people to be told. You\u2019ll still have to tell other people in your category.

    ", + "

    You must do all you can to find the people you\u2019re telling. If you cannot find their address, or if there are not 3 relatives alive, tell the Office of the Public Guardian when you apply to register.

    ", + "

    People who you tell can object to the registration. They have 35 days to object from when they get the form.

    ", + "

    Apply to register

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application form EP2PG.

    ", + "

    As soon as you\u2019ve officially told people you intend to register, send the form to the Office of the Public Guardian.

    ", + "

    Use a different address if you\u2019re a member of the DX Exchange courier service.

    ", + "

    Include the original EPA form or a certified copy if the original has been lost.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay the fee.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a382 to register an EPA, unless you\u2019re applying for help with fees (LPA120).

    ", + "

    Send a cheque for the fee payable to \u2018Office of the Public Guardian\u2019. Write the donor\u2019s name on the back of the cheque.

    ", + "

    How long registration takes

    ", + "

    The EPA will usually be registered between 8 and 10 weeks after you sent the application form and told the family members. It will take longer if one or more of the family members object.

    ", + "

    Check an enduring power is legal

    ", + "

    You can only use an enduring power of attorney (EPA) if it was made correctly.

    ", + "

    Check that the EPA form was:

    ", + "
  • made when the donor was at least 18 and had the ability to make their own decisions (they had not lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • signed by the donor and a witness who was not one of the attorneys for the EPA
    • ", + "
  • signed by all the attorneys
    • ", + "

    When the EPA was made you and any other attorneys had to be:

    ", + "
  • 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • not bankrupt - and have not been bankrupt since
    • ", + "

    Only EPAs made and signed before October 1, 2007 can still be used. After that date donors had to make a lasting power of attorney (LPA) instead.

    ", + "

    When there's more than one attorney

    ", + "

    Check the enduring power of attorney (EPA) form to find out how many attorneys have been appointed.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one attorney, check whether you must make decisions:

    ", + "
  • separately or together (sometimes called \u2018jointly and severally\u2019), which means you can make decisions on your own or with other attorneys
    • ", + "
  • together (sometimes called \u2018jointly\u2019), which means you and all the other attorneys have to agree on a decision
    • ", + "

    The donor may give instructions for you to make some decisions \u2018jointly\u2019 and others \u2018jointly and severally\u2019.

    ", + "

    Attorneys who are appointed jointly must all agree or they cannot make the decision.

    ", + "

    Joint attorneys

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appointed jointly with another attorney or attorneys and one of you stops being an attorney, the enduring power of attorney ends automatically.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to find another way to help the donor make decisions.

    ", + "

    Your duties

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for helping the donor to make decisions for things like their:

    ", + "
  • money and bills
    • ", + "
  • bank and building society accounts
    • ", + "
  • property and investments
    • ", + "
  • pensions and benefits
    • ", + "

    Check the enduring power of attorney (EPA) form to see if the donor has listed:

    ", + "
  • restrictions on what you can do
    • ", + "
  • guidance on how they want decisions to be made
    • ", + "

    How to manage the donor\u2019s finances

    ", + "

    You must manage the donor\u2019s finances in their best interests.

    ", + "

    Keep the donor\u2019s finances separate from your own, unless you\u2019ve got a joint bank account or own a home together. If you do, tell the bank or mortgage company you\u2019re acting as the other person\u2019s attorney.

    ", + "

    You must keep accounts of the donor\u2019s assets, income, spending and outgoings. The Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and the Court of Protection can ask to check these.

    ", + "

    You may be prosecuted if you misuse the donor\u2019s money.

    ", + "

    Gifts

    ", + "

    You can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the donor, including donations to charities. You must only make gifts:

    ", + "
  • to people who normally receive gifts from the person
    • ", + "
  • on suitable occasions, eg birthdays, weddings
    • ", + "
  • to charities that normally receive donations from the person
    • ", + "

    Gifts must be reasonable - read the guidance on suitable gifts.

    ", + "

    Buying or selling property

    ", + "

    You can buy or sell property on the donor\u2019s behalf if it\u2019s in their best interests.

    ", + "

    Contact OPG if:

    ", + "
  • the sale is below the market value
    • ", + "
  • you or your family want to buy the property
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re giving it to someone else
    • ", + "

    They can advise you on whether you need to apply to the Court of Protection about this.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling the donor\u2019s home and the donor has a health and welfare lasting power of attorney (LPA), you may need to discuss where the donor is going to live with the relevant attorney.

    ", + "

    Wills

    ", + "

    You cannot make a will on behalf of the donor.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Court of Protection for a \u2018statutory will\u2019 if the donor needs to make a will, but lacks capacity to do it themselves.

    ", + "

    Payment and expenses

    ", + "

    Unless you\u2019re a professional attorney, you will not normally be paid for being someone\u2019s attorney.

    ", + "

    Expenses

    ", + "

    You can claim expenses you\u2019ve had while carrying out your duties as an attorney, for example:

    ", + "
  • travel costs
    • ", + "
  • stationery
    • ", + "
  • postage
    • ", + "
  • phone calls
    • ", + "

    Keep your receipts and invoice the donor for your expenses.

    ", + "

    Stop acting as an attorney

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll stop acting as the donor\u2019s attorney if:

    ", + "
  • the donor dies - the enduring power of attorney (EPA) ends automatically
    • ", + "
  • you choose to stop being an attorney - sometimes called \u2018revoking\u2019 or \u2018disclaiming\u2019 an attorneyship
    • ", + "
  • you declare yourself bankrupt
    • ", + "

    If you stop you\u2019ll need to fill in the relevant forms and provide the relevant documents.

    ", + "

    If you had to make decisions jointly with other attorneys and any of you stop, the enduring power ends automatically. You\u2019ll need to find another way to help the donor make decisions.

    ", + "

    If the donor dies

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll stop being an attorney as soon as the donor dies. If the EPA was registered you must contact the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG). You must send them:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the death certificate
    • ", + "
  • the original EPA
    • ", + "

    If you want to stop being an attorney

    ", + "

    If you decide to give up the role of attorney, fill in and send a notification form. Send it to:

    ", + "
  • the donor - if the EPA has not been registered
    • ", + "
  • the donor and OPG - if the EPA has been registered
    • ", + "

    You should also tell any other attorneys appointed on the EPA.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Lasting power of attorney: acting as an attorney", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/lasting-power-attorney-duties", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can make decisions on someone\u2019s behalf if they appoint you using a lasting power of attorney (LPA).

    ", + "

    You can contact GOV.UK to request this guide in another format, for example large print or braille.

    ", + "

    The person who appoints you is called the \u2018donor\u2019. You\u2019re their \u2018attorney\u2019.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need any legal experience to act as someone\u2019s attorney.

    ", + "

    The types of decisions you make depend on whether you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • property and financial affairs attorney
    • ", + "
  • health and welfare attorney
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Making decisions

    ", + "

    Check what you need to do before you\u2019re allowed to start making decisions.

    ", + "

    After you start you must:

    ", + "
  • follow any instructions the donor included in the LPA
    • ", + "
  • consider any preferences the donor included in the LPA
    • ", + "
  • help the donor make their own decisions as much as they can
    • ", + "
  • make any decisions in the donor\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • respect their human and civil rights
    • ", + "

    You must make the decisions yourself - you can\u2019t ask someone to make them for you.

    ", + "

    You can get help making difficult decisions. Your decisions can be checked.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not the only attorney

    ", + "

    Check the LPA. It will tell you whether you must make decisions:

    ", + "
  • \u2018jointly\u2019 - this means all the attorneys must agree
    • ", + "
  • \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - this means you can make decisions together or on your own
    • ", + "

    The LPA may tell you to make some decisions \u2018jointly\u2019 and others \u2018jointly and severally\u2019.

    ", + "

    Find out what to do if you make decisions jointly with someone who stops acting as an attorney.

    ", + "

    Property and financial affairs attorneys

    ", + "

    As a property and financial affairs attorney, you make (or help the donor make) decisions about things like:

    ", + "
  • money, tax and bills
    • ", + "
  • bank and building society accounts
    • ", + "
  • property and investments
    • ", + "
  • pensions and benefits
    • ", + "

    You can use the donor\u2019s money to look after their home and buy anything they need day to day (for example, food).

    ", + "

    Discuss decisions that affect the donor\u2019s living arrangements, medical care or daily routine with their health and welfare attorney, if they have one.

    ", + "

    Looking after money and property

    ", + "

    You must keep the donor\u2019s finances separate from your own, unless you\u2019ve already got something in both of your names like a joint bank account or you own a home together.

    ", + "

    Managing bank accounts

    ", + "

    Before you can manage the donor\u2019s account, you must show the bank the original registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) or a copy of it signed on every page by the donor, a solicitor or notary.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to give proof of:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your address
    • ", + "
  • the donor\u2019s name or address if they\u2019re not the same as on the bank account
    • ", + "

    The bank might ask for additional types of proof.

    ", + "

    Spending money on gifts or donations

    ", + "

    Unless the LPA states otherwise, you can spend money on:

    ", + "
  • gifts to a donor\u2019s friend, family member or acquaintance on occasions when you would normally give gifts (such as birthdays or anniversaries)
    • ", + "
  • donations to a charity that the donor wouldn\u2019t object to, for example a charity they\u2019ve donated to before
    • ", + "

    You must apply to the Court of Protection for any other type of gift or donation, even if the donor has given them before. These include:

    ", + "
  • paying someone\u2019s school or university fees
    • ", + "
  • letting someone live in the donor\u2019s property without paying market rent (anything they pay below market rent counts as a gift)
    • ", + "
  • interest-free loans
    • ", + "

    You must check that the donor can afford the gift or donation, even if they\u2019ve spent money on these types of things before. For example, you can\u2019t donate their money if that would mean they couldn\u2019t afford their care costs.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance for more information on giving gifts or donations.

    ", + "

    Buying and selling property

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get legal advice if:

    ", + "
  • the sale is below the market value
    • ", + "
  • you want to buy the property yourself
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re giving it to someone else
    • ", + "

    Making a will

    ", + "

    You can apply for a statutory will if the donor needs to make a will but can\u2019t do it themselves.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t change a donor\u2019s will.

    ", + "

    You can be ordered to repay the donor\u2019s money if you misuse it or make decisions to benefit yourself.

    ", + "

    Health and welfare attorneys

    ", + "

    As a health and welfare attorney, you make (or help the donor make) decisions about things like:

    ", + "
  • daily routine, for example washing, dressing and eating
    • ", + "
  • medical care
    • ", + "
  • where the donor lives
    • ", + "

    You might need to spend the donor\u2019s money on things that maintain or improve their quality of life. This can include:

    ", + "
  • new clothes or hairdressing
    • ", + "
  • decorating their home or room in a care home
    • ", + "
  • paying for extra support so the donor can go out more, for example to visit friends or relatives or to go on holiday
    • ", + "

    You must ask for money from the person in charge of the donor\u2019s funds.

    ", + "

    Refusing or consenting to treatment

    ", + "

    Check the lasting power of attorney (LPA) for instructions about refusing or consenting to treatment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • show the LPA to care staff
    • ", + "
  • sign medical consent forms
    • ", + "
  • make decisions in the donor\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t always make decisions about the donor\u2019s medical treatment, for example if the donor\u2019s made a living will or has been sectioned.

    ", + "

    Living wills (\u2018advance decisions\u2019)

    ", + "

    This is a legal statement from the donor about which medical treatments they don\u2019t want. You\u2019ll need to give this to care staff along with the LPA.

    ", + "

    NHS Choices has information about advance decisions.

    ", + "

    Apply for a one-off decision

    ", + "

    You may need to apply for a one-off decision from the Court of Protection to make a decision about a medical treatment if:

    ", + "
  • the living will and LPA give different instructions
    • ", + "
  • the medical staff or the donor\u2019s friends and family disagree about whether the treatment should be given
    • ", + "

    Start acting as an attorney

    ", + "

    You must have a registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) before you can start acting as an attorney.

    ", + "

    The LPA is registered when the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) has stamped it with \u2018VALIDATED-OPG\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can prepare before you start by talking to the donor so you\u2019re ready to make decisions in their best interests. For example, ask about their plans for their money or how they want to be cared for if they become seriously ill.

    ", + "

    Starting as a property and financial affairs attorney

    ", + "

    The LPA may give you permission to make decisions while the donor still has the mental capacity to make their own financial decisions.

    ", + "

    If it doesn\u2019t, you can only start making decisions when they don\u2019t have mental capacity.

    ", + "

    Starting as a health and welfare attorney

    ", + "

    You can only make decisions when the donor doesn\u2019t have mental capacity to make them.

    ", + "

    You must tell people involved in the donor\u2019s care when you start. This includes the donor\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • friends and family
    • ", + "
  • doctor and other healthcare staff
    • ", + "
  • care workers, social worker and other social care staff
    • ", + "

    Staff may want to see proof of your identity and either the original LPA or a certified copy.

    ", + "

    Taking over as a replacement attorney

    ", + "

    Replacement attorneys are listed in the LPA.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to start helping a donor make decisions as soon as the attorney you\u2019re replacing stops acting. Check the LPA to see if there are other attorneys you might need to make decisions with.

    ", + "

    Records and expenses

    ", + "

    Keep a record of:

    ", + "
  • important decisions you make and when, for example selling the donor\u2019s home or agreeing to medical treatment
    • ", + "
  • the donor\u2019s assets, income and how you spend their money - if you\u2019re their finance and property affairs attorney
    • ", + "

    Include details of who you asked for advice and any disagreements.

    ", + "

    Don\u2019t include small, everyday decisions.

    ", + "

    Expenses

    ", + "

    You can only claim expenses for things you must do to carry out your role as an attorney, for example:

    ", + "
  • hiring a professional to do things like fill in the donor\u2019s tax return
    • ", + "
  • travel costs
    • ", + "
  • stationery
    • ", + "
  • postage
    • ", + "
  • phone calls
    • ", + "

    You can be ordered to repay the donor\u2019s money if you misuse it or make decisions to benefit yourself.

    ", + "

    Keep your receipts and invoice the donor for your expenses. The money is paid by whoever\u2019s in charge of the donor\u2019s funds.

    ", + "

    Checks and visits

    ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian and Court of Protection can check your decisions. They may:

    ", + "
  • arrange a visit with you and the donor together, or the donor alone
    • ", + "
  • contact other people such as the donor\u2019s family, bank or care workers
    • ", + "

    They can investigate and stop you acting as an attorney if, for example:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve done something the lasting power of attorney (LPA) says you can\u2019t
    • ", + "
  • you haven\u2019t done something the LPA has instructed you to do
    • ", + "
  • you haven\u2019t been acting in the donor\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • you misuse the donor\u2019s money or make decisions to benefit yourself
    • ", + "
  • you do something that goes against their human or civil rights
    • ", + "
  • the donor isn\u2019t being treated well
    • ", + "
  • the donor made the LPA under pressure or they were tricked into it
    • ", + "

    Stop acting as an attorney

    ", + "

    The lasting power of attorney (LPA) ends when the donor dies.

    ", + "

    Tell the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and send them:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the death certificate
    • ", + "
  • the original LPA
    • ", + "
  • all certified copies of the LPA
    • ", + "

    Stopping before the donor dies

    ", + "

    You can choose to stop acting as an attorney - sometimes called \u2018disclaiming\u2019 an attorneyship.

    ", + "

    There are also some cases in which the law requires you to stop acting as an attorney.

    ", + "

    Any replacement attorneys listed in the LPA will take over if you stop.

    ", + "

    If there are no replacements, there may be other ways to help the donor make decisions.

    ", + "

    If you choose to stop

    ", + "

    Fill in and send a notification form to:

    ", + "
  • the donor - if the LPA hasn\u2019t been registered
    • ", + "
  • the donor and OPG (at the address on the form) - if the LPA is registered
    • ", + "
  • any other attorneys appointed on the LPA
    • ", + "

    When you have to stop

    ", + "

    You must stop acting as an attorney if:

    ", + "
  • the donor takes you off their LPA - sometimes called \u2018revoking\u2019 an attorney
    • ", + "
  • you lose mental capacity and can\u2019t make decisions any more
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney and you become bankrupt or subject to a debt relief order
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re married to or in a civil partnership with the donor and you get a divorce or an annulment (unless the LPA says you can keep acting as an attorney)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a joint attorney and another attorney stops acting, unless the LPA says you can carry on making decisions
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Make decisions on behalf of someone", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-decisions-for-someone", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can make decisions for someone

    ", + "

    Someone can choose you to make and carry out certain decisions on their behalf.

    ", + "

    They can ask you to do this:

    ", + "
  • now - for example, while they\u2019re on holiday
    • ", + "
  • in the future - for example, if they lose the mental capacity to make their own decisions
    • ", + "

    You can also apply to a court to help someone make decisions if they do not have mental capacity now.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    When someone can choose you

    ", + "

    A person must have mental capacity when they choose you for short-term or long-term help with decisions.

    ", + "

    Short-term help

    ", + "

    You can be appointed to make decisions about someone\u2019s money or property for a limited time - for example, while they\u2019re on holiday.

    ", + "

    They can appoint you with either:

    ", + "
  • a lasting power of attorney for \u2018property and financial affairs\u2019 - they\u2019ll say when it starts and ends
    • ", + "
  • an \u2018ordinary power of attorney\u2019 - you can only use this while they have mental capacity
    • ", + "

    To make an ordinary power of attorney, the person who appoints you needs to buy a document from a newsagent or use a solicitor.

    ", + "

    Long-term help

    ", + "

    You can be appointed with a lasting power of attorney to help someone make ongoing decisions about either or both:

    ", + "
  • money and property - starting at any time, or when they do not have mental capacity
    • ", + "
  • health and welfare - starting when they do not have mental capacity
    • ", + "

    You can also help someone with ongoing decisions using an enduring power of attorney made before 1 October 2007.

    ", + "

    When you apply to a court

    ", + "

    Apply to a court to help someone without mental capacity with one-off or long-term decisions.

    ", + "

    Check if someone already has an attorney or deputy to help them with decisions before you apply. If they do have an attorney or deputy, ask them for help instead.

    ", + "

    One-off decisions

    ", + "

    Ask the Court of Protection to make:

    ", + "
  • a one-off decision about an issue that\u2019s not urgent
    • ", + "
  • an urgent or emergency decision about something that puts them at risk
    • ", + "

    If the decision is about medical treatment, you must consider any living will (advance decision) that the person has made.

    ", + "

    Long-term help

    ", + "

    Apply to the Court of Protection to help someone long-term with decisions about either or both:

    ", + "
  • money and property - as a \u2018property and financial affairs deputy\u2019
    • ", + "
  • health and welfare - as a \u2018personal welfare deputy\u2019
    • ", + "

    How to make decisions

    ", + "

    As someone\u2019s attorney or deputy you must:

    ", + "
  • give them all the help they need to make each decision before deciding they do not have mental capacity to make that decision themselves
    • ", + "
  • make any decisions in their best interests
    • ", + "
  • make decisions that restrict their human and civil rights as little as you can
    • ", + "

    Helping someone make decisions

    ", + "

    Give the person all the information they need to make a decision.

    ", + "

    Make it easy for them to understand and weigh up the information, for example by:

    ", + "
  • allowing plenty of time
    • ", + "
  • choosing a time that suits them best
    • ", + "
  • talking in familiar surroundings - for example, their home
    • ", + "
  • removing distractions such as background noise
    • ", + "
  • explaining things a different way - in pictures or sign language, for example
    • ", + "

    Suggest different ways for them to tell you their decision if they cannot tell you in words - for example, by pointing, squeezing your hand, blinking or nodding.

    ", + "

    Making decisions in someone\u2019s best interests

    ", + "

    Any decisions you make for someone must be right for them (\u2018in their best interests\u2019). Take into account:

    ", + "
  • what they would have decided if they could
    • ", + "
  • their past and present values and wishes, including moral, political and religious views
    • ", + "

    Do not make assumptions based on their age, gender, ethnic background, sexuality, behaviour or health.

    ", + "

    It can help to:

    ", + "
  • write down what the person has told you is important to them
    • ", + "
  • look at other things they wrote down or recorded (such as household budgets or home videos)
    • ", + "
  • speak to friends, family or colleagues who know them well
    • ", + "
  • consult anyone involved in their care, for example personal carers or care home staff
    • ", + "
  • notice their behaviour and reactions - this can tell you about wishes and feelings that a person cannot express in words
    • ", + "

    Human and civil rights

    ", + "

    Your decisions must restrict the person\u2019s human and civil rights as little as possible. Citizens Advice has information about human and civil rights.

    ", + "

    You can never make decisions on someone\u2019s behalf about certain things, such as:

    ", + "
  • voting
    • ", + "
  • relationships - for example consenting to sex, getting married or getting divorced
    • ", + "

    Follow the Mental Capacity Act code of practice when you make decisions.

    ", + "

    Difficult decisions and disagreements

    ", + "

    Consult the person as well as their family, friends and carers. Including everyone in a \u2018best interests\u2019 meeting can help you reach agreement.

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree you can:

    ", + "
  • get advice about how to reach agreement from the Office of the Public Guardian
    • ", + "
  • get help from an advocate who can represent the person\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • find a mediation service
    • ", + "
  • get help from the social services team at your local council if it\u2019s a disagreement about the person\u2019s care
    • ", + "
  • ask the Court of Protection to decide if it\u2019s a major disagreement about a serious issue
    • ", + "

    Checking mental capacity

    ", + "

    A person may not have mental capacity because of a problem with the way their brain functions, for example:

    ", + "
  • a serious brain injury
    • ", + "
  • an illness, such as dementia
    • ", + "
  • severe learning disabilities
    • ", + "

    Mental capacity can come and go (for example, with dementia and some mental illnesses). A person can also recover mental capacity (for example, following a severe stroke).

    ", + "

    What you must check

    ", + "

    You must check that a person has mental capacity to make a decision at the time it needs to be made.

    ", + "

    They can make the decision if they can:

    ", + "
  • understand the information they need - for example, what the consequences will be
    • ", + "
  • remember the information for long enough to make the decision
    • ", + "
  • weigh up the options and make a choice
    • ", + "
  • communicate their decision in any way - for example, by blinking or squeezing a hand
    • ", + "

    You cannot decide a person lacks mental capacity because you think they\u2019ve made a bad or strange decision.

    ", + "

    If the person cannot make a decision at a certain time, they may still be able to:

    ", + "
  • make it at another time
    • ", + "
  • make decisions about other things
    • ", + "

    Do not make a decision for them if it can wait until they can do it themselves.

    ", + "

    Get help checking mental capacity

    ", + "

    You can ask the person\u2019s doctor or another medical professional to assess their mental capacity.

    ", + "

    Follow the Mental Capacity Act code of practice when you check mental capacity.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Make, register or end a lasting power of attorney", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/power-of-attorney", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A lasting power of attorney (LPA) is a legal document that lets you (the \u2018donor\u2019) appoint one or more people (known as \u2018attorneys\u2019) to help you make decisions or to make decisions on your behalf.

    ", + "

    This gives you more control over what happens to you if you have an accident or an illness and cannot make your own decisions (you \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019).

    ", + "

    You must be 18 or over and have mental capacity (the ability to make your own decisions) when you make your LPA.

    ", + "

    You do not need to live in the UK or be a British citizen.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of LPA:

    ", + "
  • health and welfare
    • ", + "
  • property and financial affairs
    • ", + "

    You can choose to make one type or both.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    How to make a lasting power of attorney

    ", + "
  • Choose your attorney (you can have more than one).
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the forms to appoint them as an attorney.
    • ", + "
  • Register your LPA with the Office of the Public Guardian (this can take up to 10 weeks).
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a382 to register an LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.

    ", + "

    You can cancel your LPA if you no longer need it or want to make a new one.

    ", + "

    Health and welfare lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    Use this LPA to give an attorney the power to make decisions about things like:

    ", + "
  • your daily routine, for example washing, dressing, eating
    • ", + "
  • medical care
    • ", + "
  • moving into a care home
    • ", + "
  • life-sustaining treatment
    • ", + "

    It can only be used when you\u2019re unable to make your own decisions.

    ", + "

    Property and financial affairs lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    Use this LPA to give an attorney the power to make decisions about money and property for you, for example:

    ", + "
  • managing a bank or building society account
    • ", + "
  • paying bills
    • ", + "
  • collecting benefits or a pension
    • ", + "
  • selling your home
    • ", + "

    It can be used as soon as it\u2019s registered, with your permission.

    ", + "

    Help deciding if you should make a lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    Contact the Office of the Public Guardian if you need help.

    ", + "

    Choose your attorney

    ", + "

    You can choose one or more people to be your attorney. If you appoint more than one, you must decide whether they\u2019ll make decisions separately or together.

    ", + "

    Who can be your attorney

    ", + "

    Your attorney needs to be 18 or over. They could be:

    ", + "
  • a relative
    • ", + "
  • a friend
    • ", + "
  • a professional, for example a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • your husband, wife or partner
    • ", + "

    You must appoint someone who has the mental capacity to make their own decisions.

    ", + "

    Your attorney does not need to live in the UK or be a British citizen.

    ", + "

    When choosing an attorney, think about:

    ", + "
  • how well they look after their own affairs, for example their finances
    • ", + "
  • how well you know them
    • ", + "
  • if you trust them to make decisions in your best interests
    • ", + "
  • how happy they will be to make decisions for you
    • ", + "

    Read about an attorney\u2019s responsibilities to help you with your decision.

    ", + "

    You cannot choose someone who is subject to a Debt Relief Order or is bankrupt if you\u2019re making a lasting power of attorney (LPA) for property and financial affairs.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one attorney

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appointing more than one person, you must decide if they\u2019ll make decisions:

    ", + "
  • separately or together - sometimes called \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - which means attorneys can make decisions on their own or with other attorneys
    • ", + "
  • together - sometimes called \u2018jointly\u2019 - which means all the attorneys have to agree on the decision
    • ", + "

    You can also choose to let them make some decisions \u2018jointly\u2019, and others \u2018jointly and severally\u2019.

    ", + "

    Attorneys who are appointed jointly must all agree or they cannot make the decision.

    ", + "

    Replacement attorneys

    ", + "

    When you make your LPA you can nominate other people to replace your attorney or attorneys if at some point they cannot act on your behalf anymore.

    ", + "

    Make a lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    You can make a lasting power of attorney (LPA) online or using paper forms.

    ", + "

    Either way, you need to get other people to sign the forms, including the attorneys and witnesses.

    ", + "

    You can get someone else to use the online service or fill in the paper forms for you, for example a family member, friend or solicitor.

    ", + "

    You must register your LPA or your attorney will not be able to make decisions for you.

    ", + "

    It might take longer to make and register an LPA because of coronavirus (COVID-19). It will be quicker if you make it and pay online.

    ", + "

    Make an LPA online

    ", + "

    Create an account to start your LPA.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • get help and guidance at each step
    • ", + "
  • save your forms and complete them later
    • ", + "
  • review your answers and fix any mistakes
    • ", + "

    You need to print out the forms and sign them when you\u2019ve finished.

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account

    ", + "

    Sign in to continue making your LPA.

    ", + "

    Use the paper forms

    ", + "

    Download the forms and print them out.

    ", + "

    Signing the forms

    ", + "

    You need to sign the forms before you send them off. They also need to be signed by:

    ", + "
  • the attorneys
    • ", + "
  • witnesses
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018certificate provider\u2019, who confirms you\u2019re making the LPA by choice and you understand what you\u2019re doing
    • ", + "

    Everyone must sign the same original document. They cannot sign copies or use digital signatures.

    ", + "

    Who can be a witness or certificate provider

    ", + "

    Witnesses and certificate providers must be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    Attorneys can witness each other sign, but they cannot:

    ", + "
  • witness you sign
    • ", + "
  • sign as the certificate provider
    • ", + "

    You cannot be a witness if you\u2019re the person appointing an attorney.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Ask the Office of the Public Guardian about help you can get if you:

    ", + "
  • do not have a computer or printer
    • ", + "
  • want to use the online service but need some help
    • ", + "

    Register a lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve made your lasting power of attorney (LPA), you need to register it with the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG).

    ", + "

    It takes up to 15 weeks to register an LPA if there are no mistakes in the application.

    ", + "

    You can apply to register your LPA yourself if you\u2019re able to make your own decisions.

    ", + "

    Your attorney can also register it for you. You\u2019ll be told if they do and you can object to the registration.

    ", + "

    Notify people

    ", + "

    Before you register, send a form to notify people (LP3) to all the \u2018people to notify\u2019 (also called \u2018people to be told\u2019) you listed in the LPA.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll have 3 weeks to raise any concerns with OPG.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using the online service to make an LPA, it will create and fill in the LP3 forms for you.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    Apply to register as soon as you\u2019ve sent forms to notify people.

    ", + "

    To register, you need to sign your completed LPA form and send it to OPG.

    ", + "

    If you create your LPA form using the online service, you will need to print it out to do this.

    ", + "

    The address is also on the form. Make sure you include the original LPA form and the fee.

    ", + "

    You can send a certified copy if you do not have the original form. Write a covering letter to explain why you do not have the original.

    ", + "

    If you made your LPA with an older paper form

    ", + "

    You can register by filling in form LP2 if you made your LPA:

    ", + "
  • on forms LPA114 or LPA117 before 1 January 2016
    • ", + "
  • on forms LP PA or LP PW before 1 April 2011
    • ", + "

    Otherwise you\u2019ll need to make a new LPA.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a382 to register each LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.

    ", + "

    This means it costs \u00a3164 to register both a property and financial affairs LPA and a health and welfare LPA.

    ", + "

    You can pay by:

    ", + "
  • credit or debit card
    • ", + "
  • cheque
    • ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018Office of the Public Guardian\u2019 and write your name on the back. Send it to OPG with your forms.

    ", + "

    If you make a mistake on your form

    ", + "

    Depending on the type of mistake, OPG may let you correct it and apply again within 3 months for \u00a341.

    ", + "

    Get a reduction or exemption

    ", + "

    You can apply for a reduction if you earn less than \u00a312,000. You might also be able to apply for an exemption if you\u2019re on certain benefits, such as Income Support.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application form. The form has more information about eligibility.

    ", + "

    Certify a copy of a lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    You can confirm that a copy of your lasting power of attorney (LPA) is genuine by \u2018certifying\u2019 it if you\u2019re still able to make your own decisions.

    ", + "

    You or your attorney can use a certified copy to register your LPA if you do not have the original form.

    ", + "

    Your attorney can also use the certified copy to prove they have permission to make decisions on your behalf, for example to manage your bank account.

    ", + "

    How to certify a copy

    ", + "

    Write the following text on the bottom of every page of the copy:

    ", + "

    \u201cI certify this is a true and complete copy of the corresponding page of the original lasting power of attorney.\u201d

    ", + "

    On the final page of the copy, you must also write:

    ", + "

    \u201cI certify this is a true and complete copy of the lasting power of attorney.\u201d

    ", + "

    You need to sign and date every page.

    ", + "

    Other ways to certify a copy

    ", + "

    Copies of your LPA can also be certified by:

    ", + "
  • a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • a person authorised to carry out notarial activities
    • ", + "

    Change your lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    You can ask the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) to change your lasting power of attorney (LPA) if it\u2019s been registered and you still have mental capacity to make decisions.

    ", + "

    If you want to remove one of your attorneys

    ", + "

    You will need to send OPG a written statement called a \u2018partial deed of revocation\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you want to add another attorney you need to end your LPA and make a new one.

    ", + "

    Use the following wording. Replace the words in the square brackets with the relevant details.

    ", + "

    Partial deed of revocation

    ", + "

    \u201cThis partial deed of revocation is made by [donor\u2019s name] of [donor\u2019s address].

    ", + "

    1: I granted a lasting power of attorney for property and financial affairs/health and welfare [delete as appropriate] on [date donor signed the lasting power of attorney] appointing [name of first attorney] of [address of first attorney] and [name of second attorney] of [address of second attorney] to act as my attorney(s).

    ", + "

    2: I hereby revoke [attorney\u2019s name that you are revoking] ONLY from the lasting power of attorney and the authority granted to him/her.

    ", + "

    Signed and delivered as a deed [donor\u2019s signature]\nDate signed [date] \nWitnessed by [signature of witness] \nFull name of witness [name of witness] \nAddress of witness [address of witness]\u201d

    ", + "

    Where to send a partial deed of revocation

    ", + "

    Send the partial deed of revocation to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) with the original LPA document. You must also tell your attorney or attorneys that you\u2019re ending your LPA.

    ", + "

    If your attorney\u2019s details change

    ", + "

    You must write to OPG if one of your attorneys has changed their:

    ", + "
  • name - by marriage or deed poll
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "

    You need to provide supporting documents, such as the original marriage certificate, with their new name and address.

    ", + "

    Do not make changes to your LPA document itself, as it might become invalid. You must contact OPG to make changes to your LPA.

    ", + "

    If one of your attorneys dies

    ", + "

    You must tell OPG and send them:

    ", + "
  • a copy of their death certificate
    • ", + "
  • the original LPA
    • ", + "
  • all certified copies of the LPA
    • ", + "
  • a return address where your documents can be sent back to
    • ", + "

    End your lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    You can end your lasting power of attorney (LPA) yourself - if you have mental capacity to make that decision.

    ", + "

    You need to send the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) both:

    ", + "
  • the original LPA
    • ", + "
  • a written statement called a \u2018deed of revocation\u2019
    • ", + "

    Use the following wording for the deed of revocation. Replace the words in the square brackets with the relevant details.

    ", + "

    Deed of revocation

    ", + "

    \u201cThis deed of revocation is made by [your name] of [your address].

    ", + "

    1: I granted a lasting power of attorney for property and financial affairs/health and welfare (delete as appropriate) on [date you signed the lasting power of attorney] appointing [name of first attorney] of [address of first attorney] and [name of second attorney] of [address of second attorney] to act as my attorney(s).

    ", + "

    2: I revoke the lasting power of attorney and the authority granted by it.

    ", + "

    Signed and delivered as a deed [your signature]\nDate signed [date]\nWitnessed by [signature of witness]\nFull name of witness [name of witness]\nAddress of witness [address of witness]\u201d

    ", + "

    You must be able to make your own decisions when you end your LPA.

    ", + "

    You can also complain if you have concerns about your attorney, for example if they\u2019re not carrying out their responsibilities properly.

    ", + "

    Other ways a lasting power of attorney can end

    ", + "

    Your LPA may end if your attorney:

    ", + "
  • loses the ability to make decisions - \u2018loses mental capacity\u2019
    • ", + "
  • divorces you or ends your civil partnership if they\u2019re your husband, wife or partner
    • ", + "
  • becomes bankrupt or they\u2019re subject to a Debt Relief Order (DRO) - if they\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney
    • ", + "
  • is removed by the Court of Protection
    • ", + "
  • dies
    • ", + "

    If your only attorney dies

    ", + "

    Your LPA will end if your attorney dies and you have no replacement attorneys. You must tell OPG and send them:

    ", + "
  • a copy of their death certificate
    • ", + "
  • the original LPA
    • ", + "
  • all certified copies of the LPA
    • ", + "
  • a return address where your documents can be sent back to
    • ", + "

    Your LPA can continue if:

    ", + "
  • there are other attorneys who can act \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - but not if they are only allowed to act \u2018jointly\u2019
    • ", + "
  • there are replacement attorneys
    • ", + "

    If you die

    ", + "

    Your LPA will end automatically when you die. Your affairs will be looked after by your executors or personal representatives from that point, not your attorney.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Manage a missing person's finances and property", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/manage-missing-persons-finances", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to be a guardian and manage the finances or property of someone who:

    ", + "
  • is missing
    • ", + "
  • is in prison abroad and cannot communicate
    • ", + "
  • has been taken hostage or kidnapped
    • ", + "

    The person must be missing from home and their usual activities.

    ", + "

    One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you do not know where they are
    • ", + "
  • they cannot contact you to let you know their decisions
    • ", + "

    You must apply to the High Court for a guardianship order.

    ", + "

    You can apply when the person has been missing for the previous 90 days. You can apply earlier if it\u2019s urgent, for example the person\u2019s house is being repossessed.

    ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian will supervise you while you are acting as a guardian. You\u2019ll need to keep records of the activities you carry out and decisions you make.

    ", + "

    You must send reports to the Office of the Public Guardian when they ask you for them. They will tell you when it\u2019s time to send your report.

    ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian might visit you.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • parent
    • ", + "
  • child
    • ", + "
  • brother or sister
    • ", + "
  • guardian already and you\u2019re renewing the order
    • ", + "

    You can also apply if you can give the court evidence that you have a \u2018sufficient interest\u2019 in the person\u2019s finances or property. This might be, for example, because:

    ", + "
  • you have been in a relationship for a long time with the person and you live with them
    • ", + "
  • the person is your business partner and you need to continue to run the business
    • ", + "
  • you are the person\u2019s step-parent, step-sibling or step-child
    • ", + "

    The longer you\u2019ve known the person and the better you know them, the easier it will be for you to convince the court that you have \u2018sufficient interest\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must be over 18 to apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to be a guardian

    ", + "

    You can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a part 8 claim form.

    ", + "

    Include:

    ", + "
  • your name and address (under \u2018claimant\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • the missing person\u2019s name (under \u2018defendant\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • your relationship to the missing person
    • ", + "
  • the last known address of the person
    • ", + "
  • when the person went missing
    • ", + "
  • how long the person has been missing
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying with other people, complete one form with everyone\u2019s details in it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to write a witness statement to help the court decide if you\u2019re a suitable guardian.

    ", + "

    Witness statement

    ", + "

    Confirm that the missing person normally lives in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not the person\u2019s husband, wife, civil partner, parent, child, brother or sister, explain why you\u2019re interested in the person\u2019s property or financial affairs.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s less than 90 days since the person went missing, explain you need the guardianship order urgently, for example, because the person is going to lose their house.

    ", + "

    In the statement, include:

    ", + "
  • the person\u2019s usual day-to-day activities and when they stopped doing them
    • ", + "
  • evidence that the person has been missing for at least the last 90 days
    • ", + "
  • information about the property and finances of the person
    • ", + "
  • what you know about their disappearance and where they might be
    • ", + "
  • details of any police investigation or report
    • ", + "
  • the names and addresses of the missing person\u2019s family, if they have any
    • ", + "
  • the proposed news advert
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve been convicted of a criminal offence
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve been refused credit
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve ever been bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve run a company that became insolvent or went bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • confirmation that you believe the facts in the document are true and accurate (a \u2018truth statement\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Send the form to the High Court

    ", + "

    Apply to one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the Chancery Division of the High Court - if there are complicated issues with a property or trust
    • ", + "
  • the Family Division of the High Court - if it\u2019s likely that family disagreements and issues will happen
    • ", + "
  • Your local High Court District Registry
    • ", + "

    The High Court can transfer your hearing from one division to another. This will not change what you have to pay.

    ", + "

    Send one identical copy for each person you need to tell, plus a copy for the court.

    ", + "
  • the form and witness statement
    • ", + "
  • any documents you have as supporting evidence, for example police reports
    • ", + "
  • a cheque for the court fee, made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019
    • ", + "

    Find your local High Court District Registry.

    ", + "

    After you apply you\u2019ll need to advertise your claim in a newspaper. The High Court will ask you to go to a hearing.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    You must pay either:

    ", + "
  • a \u00a3528 application fee if you apply to the Chancery Division of the High Court
    • ", + "
  • a \u00a3245 application fee if you apply to the Family Division of the High Court
    • ", + "

    Send a cheque for HM Courts and Tribunals with your application.

    ", + "

    You might also have to pay a security bond.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019re appointed as a guardian you must pay:

    ", + "
  • a \u00a3200 set up fee
    • ", + "
  • a \u00a3320 supervision fee every year of your guardianship
    • ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian will tell you how and when to pay your set up and supervision fees.

    ", + "

    If you want to get the money back for the fees from the missing person\u2019s account, ask the court to give you permission in the guardianship order.

    ", + "

    Pay the security bond

    ", + "

    You might have to pay a security bond before you can use the guardianship order. The High Court will tell you if you need to pay a bond.

    ", + "

    If the guardianship order gives you permission, either:

    ", + "
  • pay the bond from the person\u2019s funds
    • ", + "
  • pay the bond yourself then pay yourself back once you have access to the person\u2019s finances
    • ", + "

    You cannot start acting for the person until you\u2019ve paid the security bond.

    ", + "

    Get help with your fees

    ", + "

    You might also be able to get help paying court fees.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    The court will send copies of your form back to you, with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number. It will keep a copy of the form. The High Court will let you know the hearing date.

    ", + "

    The hearing will take place at least 8 weeks after the High Court sends you the claim forms back.

    ", + "

    When you have a hearing date from the court, you need to tell other people that you\u2019ve applied before the hearing, in case they object. You must also advertise your claim in a newspaper.

    ", + "

    Tell the person\u2019s family that you\u2019ve applied to be their guardian

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to tell the missing person\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • parents, brothers and sisters
    • ", + "
  • children
    • ", + "

    Send:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the claim form
    • ", + "
  • the acknowledgement of service form that the court has sent you
    • ", + "
  • copies of the supporting evidence you sent with your application
    • ", + "
  • a letter telling them the date of the first hearing
    • ", + "

    Advertise your claim in the news

    ", + "

    You must advertise your claim within 14 days from the day you get a date for the first court hearing. The advert must appear in a print or online newspaper that covers the missing person\u2019s last known usual address.

    ", + "

    How to write the advert

    ", + "

    You can use this template for the advert. Add your own information where there are square brackets.

    ", + "

    In the High Court of Justice [Family or Chancery] Division

    ", + "

    Case number [ ]

    ", + "

    In the matter of an application made under the Guardianship (Missing Persons) Act 2017 for a guardianship order in respect of [insert missing person name].

    ", + "

    A claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, [Family or Chancery] Division, case no. [case number], by [your name] for an order that [your name] be appointed guardian in respect of [missing person] (\u201cthe missing person\u201d), whose last usual place of residence was [missing person\u2019s address].

    ", + "

    The date and venue for the first hearing of the claim application is [date] at [court address]. Any spouse, civil partner, parent, child or sibling of the missing person is entitled to intervene in the matter. Any other person having an interest may apply to the court for permission to intervene in the matter.

    ", + "

    If you wish to give notice of intention to intervene or to apply to the court for permission to intervene, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and no later than 14 days before the date of the first hearing, and serve a copy of that notice or application on the claimant at the address given below. Delay may harm your prospects of obtaining permission to intervene if you are not entitled to intervene, and, in any event, may be taken into account on any question relating to costs.

    ", + "

    [your name]\n[Name and address of your legal representative, if you have one]\n[Your address, if you do not have a legal representative]

    ", + "

    Tell the court about the advert

    ", + "

    At least 7 days before the first court hearing, send evidence to the High Court that you advertised the claim. Include the case number the court has sent you. Evidence could be:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the printed page
    • ", + "
  • a working link to a website
    • ", + "
  • confirmation from the news organisation
    • ", + "

    At the hearing

    ", + "

    Bring any supporting documents you have to the hearing.

    ", + "

    At the hearing, the judge might consider:

    ", + "
  • your relationship with the missing person
    • ", + "
  • the missing person\u2019s opinion of you (for example, if there is evidence in writing from before they disappeared)
    • ", + "
  • whether you have the right skills and knowledge to be a guardian
    • ", + "
  • any conflict of interest between you and the missing person
    • ", + "

    You might be:

    ", + "
  • asked for more information
    • ", + "
  • told there has to be another hearing
    • ", + "

    The court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need.

    ", + "

    There might be several hearings before the High Court makes a decision. It depends on how complicated the case is.

    ", + "

    If the High Court approves your claim

    ", + "

    The judge might tell you at the hearing that you have been successful, or there could be a short wait before you find out. It depends on how complicated your case is and how much the missing person owns.

    ", + "

    Once the High Court has given you a guardianship order, they will send you several copies of it and a copy to the Office of the Public Guardian.

    ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian will register your guardianship and supervise you. You might have to pay a security bond. The High Court will tell you if you do.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re appointed as a guardian

    ", + "

    The guardianship order will tell you when you can start to make decisions for the person and what kinds of decision you can make.

    ", + "

    The order will also say how long you are guardian for.

    ", + "

    Contact the High Court if there are mistakes on the order.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need apply again to make a decision on anything that\u2019s not covered by the order.

    ", + "

    Let people know you\u2019re a guardian

    ", + "

    The court might give you the right to find out where the person has bank or building society accounts, if you do not know already. You\u2019ll need to write to banks and building societies to find out.

    ", + "

    If the order mentions people or organisations, tell them that you\u2019re the guardian.

    ", + "

    Some examples are:

    ", + "
  • Department for Work and Pensions
    • ", + "
  • banks or building societies
    • ", + "
  • life assurance companies
    • ", + "
  • the payer of any private pensions
    • ", + "
  • the solicitor who holds the person\u2019s will or property deeds
    • ", + "
  • utility providers
    • ", + "
  • the company where the person has a mortgage
    • ", + "

    Send:

    ", + "
  • the guardianship order
    • ", + "
  • proof of your name and address
    • ", + "
  • proof of the name and address of the person you are guardian for
    • ", + "

    Proof of name and address could be a driving licence or utility bill. Check with the organisation:

    ", + "
  • what proof of name and address they accept
    • ", + "
  • whether they\u2019ll accept a photocopy of the guardianship order or only the original
    • ", + "

    Ask organisations to return your guardianship order when you send it out or you may run out of copies.

    ", + "

    Pay bills and cancel payments

    ", + "

    Once you have access to the person\u2019s accounts and know where their income comes from and their assets, you can make a full list of what\u2019s in their estate so you know what you\u2019re responsible for. If the guardianship order gives you permission, pay any outstanding bills and cancel any payments if they no longer apply.

    ", + "

    Make decisions

    ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian will supervise you while you act as a guardian. You\u2019ll need to keep a record of the decisions you make.

    ", + "

    The kinds of decision the guardianship order might let you make include:

    ", + "
  • making an investment for the person
    • ", + "
  • selling some of the person\u2019s assets
    • ", + "
  • cancelling direct debits
    • ", + "

    Any decisions you make for someone must be right for them (\u2018in their best interests\u2019).

    ", + "

    Making decisions in someone\u2019s best interests

    ", + "

    Take into account:

    ", + "
  • what they would have decided if they could
    • ", + "
  • their feelings and wishes
    • ", + "
  • their values and beliefs, including moral, political and religious views
    • ", + "
  • the views of other people who have an interest in the missing person\u2019s property
    • ", + "

    Do not make assumptions based on their age, gender, ethnic background, sexuality or health.

    ", + "

    It can help to:

    ", + "
  • write down what the person has told you is important to them
    • ", + "
  • look at other things they wrote down or recorded (such as household budgets or home videos)
    • ", + "
  • speak to friends, family or colleagues who know them well
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send a report to the Office for the Public Guardian explaining what decisions you took.

    ", + "

    Difficult decisions and disagreements

    ", + "

    Consult the person\u2019s family and friends. Including everyone in a meeting can help you reach agreement.

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree you can get advice about how to reach agreement from the Office of the Public Guardian.

    ", + "

    You must apply again to the High Court to make a decision not covered by the guardianship order.

    ", + "

    Keeping records, giving gifts and claiming expenses

    ", + "

    You must keep financial records and accounts. Follow the rules for gifts and expenses. You must also record the transactions in your guardianship report.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    Keep a record if you:

    ", + "
  • make an investment for the person
    • ", + "
  • sell the person\u2019s home, car or other valuables
    • ", + "
  • use the person\u2019s money to buy someone a gift
    • ", + "
  • ask someone for advice and any disagreements
    • ", + "
  • close an account
    • ", + "
  • pay a bill
    • ", + "

    You must keep copies of:

    ", + "
  • bank statements and receipts
    • ", + "
  • invoices
    • ", + "
  • contracts for services or tradespeople
    • ", + "
  • letters and emails about your activities as a guardian
    • ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian might ask you to send these in when it reviews your guardian report.

    ", + "

    Giving gifts

    ", + "

    Your guardianship order will say if you can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the person, including donations to charities. It will also say if there\u2019s a limit on what you can spend.

    ", + "

    You must be sure the person can afford the gift.

    ", + "

    Expenses

    ", + "

    Check your guardianship order to find out whether or not you can claim expenses. You can only claim expenses if the order gives you permission and for things you must do to carry out your role as a guardian, for example:

    ", + "
  • hiring a professional to do things like fill in the person\u2019s tax return
    • ", + "
  • travel costs
    • ", + "
  • stationery
    • ", + "
  • postage
    • ", + "
  • phone calls
    • ", + "

    You can be ordered to repay the person\u2019s money if you misuse it or make decisions to benefit yourself.

    ", + "

    Keep your receipts and invoice the person for your expenses.

    ", + "

    Complete your report

    ", + "

    You must write a report for the Office of the Public Guardian each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made as a guardian.

    ", + "

    It must include:

    ", + "
  • the reasons for your decisions and why they were in the person\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • who you spoke to and what they said was in the person\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • the opening and closing balances and bank statements
    • ", + "
  • payments and transfers in and out of their accounts
    • ", + "
  • details of the person\u2019s assets
    • ", + "
  • any assets you bought or sold
    • ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian will tell you when to send your report and how to send it.

    ", + "

    If you do not send the report, the Office of the Public Guardian might:

    ", + "
  • increase the amount of supervision you get
    • ", + "
  • ask the court to replace you with a different guardian
    • ", + "

    Make a decision that's not covered by the order

    ", + "

    You must apply to the High Court if you need to change your guardianship, for example to make decisions not covered by the original order.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Apply to the High Court to change the guardianship order.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form N244.

    ", + "

    Include your case number and select that you are the \u2018claimant\u2019.

    ", + "

    When the guardianship ends

    ", + "

    Your guardianship ends automatically if one of the following things happens:

    ", + "
  • your guardianship order expires
    • ", + "
  • the person dies
    • ", + "
  • someone makes a declaration of presumed death
    • ", + "
  • you die
    • ", + "

    If the person returns or you decide to step down

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to the High Court to end (\u2018revoke\u2019) the guardianship order.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form N244.

    ", + "

    Include your case number and select that you are the \u2018claimant\u2019.

    ", + "

    Explain in the details section that you want to revoke the guardianship because the missing person has returned or you\u2019ve decided to step down.

    ", + "

    Renew your guardianship

    ", + "

    The guardianship order will make you a guardian for a maximum of 4 years.

    ", + "

    You can apply for another guardianship order when it expires. The process is the same as applying for guardianship.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Annul a marriage", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-annul-marriage", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can annul a marriage

    ", + "

    Annulment (sometimes known as \u2018nullity\u2019) is a different way of ending a marriage.

    ", + "

    You or your spouse must have either:

    ", + "
  • lived in England or Wales for at least a year
    • ", + "
  • had a permanent home in England or Wales for at least 6 months
    • ", + "

    Unlike divorce, you can apply for annulment in the first year of your marriage or any time after. However, if you apply years after the wedding, you might be asked to explain the delay.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that the marriage:

    ", + "
  • was never legally valid (\u2018void\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • was legally valid, but meets one of the reasons that makes it \u2018voidable\u2019
    • ", + "

    Your marriage is not legally valid - \u2018void\u2019 marriages

    ", + "

    You can annul a marriage if it was not legally valid in the first place, for example:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re closely related to the person you married
    • ", + "
  • one or both of you were under 16
    • ", + "
  • one of you was already married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    If a marriage was never legally valid, the law says that it never existed.

    ", + "

    However, you may need legal paperwork (a \u2018decree of nullity\u2019) to prove this - for example if you want to get married again.

    ", + "

    Your marriage is \u2018voidable\u2019

    ", + "

    You can annul a marriage for a number of reasons, such as:

    ", + "
  • it was not consummated - you have not had sexual intercourse with the person you married since the wedding (does not apply for same sex couples)
    • ", + "
  • you did not properly consent to the marriage - for example you were forced into it
    • ", + "
  • the other person had a sexually transmitted disease (STD) when you got married
    • ", + "
  • your spouse was pregnant by someone else when you got married
    • ", + "
  • one spouse is in the process of transitioning to a different gender
    • ", + "

    As with divorce, your marriage legally exists until you annul it using one of these reasons.

    ", + "

    The rules on ending a civil partnership are slightly different, but the court forms are the same.

    ", + "

    Apply for an annulment

    ", + "

    You can apply to have your marriage annulled as soon as you get married. Unlike divorce, you do not have to wait for a year.

    ", + "

    To annul a marriage, fill in a \u2018nullity petition\u2019.

    ", + "

    Read the supporting notes before you start.

    ", + "

    Send 2 copies of the form to your nearest divorce court, and keep your own copy.

    ", + "

    Filing a nullity petition form costs \u00a3550.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.

    ", + "

    Apply for a decree nisi

    ", + "

    The other person must respond to your nullity petition within 8 days, saying whether they agree the marriage should be annulled.

    ", + "

    If they agree, you can apply for a \u2018decree nisi\u2019. This will confirm that the court does not see any reason why the marriage cannot be annulled.

    ", + "

    To get a decree nisi, fill in the application for decree nisi or conditional order.

    ", + "

    Statement in support of annulment

    ", + "

    You must also fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your nullity petition is true.

    ", + "

    Use one of the forms below, depending on whether your marriage is \u2018void\u2019 or \u2018voidable\u2019:

    ", + "
  • statement in support of annulment - void marriage
    • ", + "
  • statement in support of annulment - voidable marriage
    • ", + "

    See when you can annul a marriage for the difference between \u2018void\u2019 and \u2018voidable\u2019 marriages.

    ", + "

    The marriage will not be ended yet, you still need to apply for a \u2018decree absolute\u2019.

    ", + "

    Apply for a decree absolute

    ", + "

    You can apply for a decree absolute 6 weeks after you get the decree nisi.

    ", + "

    In these cases, it\u2019s also called a \u2018decree of nullity\u2019. This is the final legal document which says that the marriage has been annulled.

    ", + "

    To apply for a decree of nullity, fill in the notice of application for decree nisi to be made absolute.

    ", + "

    The decree absolute fee is included in the annulment cost.

    ", + "

    When you return your forms

    ", + "

    The court will check if there are any reasons that the marriage cannot be annulled. In most cases, you do not need to go to court for this.

    ", + "

    If the court is happy, it will send you the decree of nullity. This will confirm that you\u2019re no longer married.

    ", + "

    If your marriage was never legally valid (void), the decree will confirm that you were never legally married.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Money and property when you divorce or separate", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "contents": [ + "

    Getting a financial agreement

    ", + "

    When you divorce or end a civil partnership you and your ex-partner need to agree how to separate your finances.

    ", + "

    This includes deciding how you\u2019re going to divide:

    ", + "
  • pensions
    • ", + "
  • property
    • ", + "
  • savings
    • ", + "
  • investments
    • ", + "

    You might get things like:

    ", + "
  • a share of your your partner\u2019s pension - including State Pension or private pension plans
    • ", + "
  • regular maintenance payments to help with children or living expenses
    • ", + "

    You can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree how to split your money and property.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you were not married or in a civil partnership. You\u2019ll still have to agree on child maintenance payments for any children.

    ", + "

    What you can do is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Making an agreement legally binding

    ", + "

    If you and your ex-partner agree on how to divide money and property, you need to apply for a consent order to make it legally binding.

    ", + "

    Get help agreeing

    ", + "

    You can use a mediator or get other help to resolve issues out of court.

    ", + "

    Get the court to decide

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree on everything, you can ask a court to make a financial order.

    ", + "

    If you agree

    ", + "

    It\u2019s usually more straightforward and less expensive if you agree how to divide your money and property. Get help agreeing.

    ", + "

    Making your agreement legally binding

    ", + "

    To make your agreement legally binding you need to draft a consent order and ask a court to approve it.

    ", + "

    If your agreement is not legally binding, a court cannot enforce it if there are any issues later.

    ", + "

    A consent order is a legal document that confirms your agreement. It explains how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:

    ", + "
  • pensions
    • ", + "
  • property
    • ", + "
  • savings
    • ", + "
  • investments
    • ", + "

    It can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice or ask a solicitor to draft a consent order for you.

    ", + "

    When to apply for a consent order

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to approve your consent order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    It is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.

    ", + "

    The final legal document is the:

    ", + "
  • decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing
    • ", + "
  • final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    You can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended. This may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.

    ", + "

    How to ask the court for approval

    ", + "

    You and your ex-partner have to:

    ", + "
  • draft a consent order
    • ", + "
  • sign the draft consent order - you also need 2 photocopies of the signed original
    • ", + "
  • fill in a statement of information form
    • ", + "

    One of you also needs to fill in a notice of an application for a financial order.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re ending a civil partnership or legally separating, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to the court dealing with your paperwork. Keep your own copies.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re divorcing, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to:

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s usually no court hearing. A judge will approve your consent order to make it legally binding if they think it\u2019s fair.

    ", + "

    If they do not think it\u2019s fair, they can ask you to change it.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    The court fee is \u00a350.

    ", + "

    Solicitor fees vary depending on their experience and location. They usually charge per hour.

    ", + "

    Get help agreeing

    ", + "

    A mediator can help you and your ex-partner agree on how to split money and property, without taking sides.

    ", + "

    Mediation is not relationship counselling. It can help you agree on how you\u2019ll divide your assets, including:

    ", + "
  • pensions
    • ", + "
  • property
    • ", + "
  • savings
    • ", + "
  • investments
    • ", + "

    Mediation can be quicker and cheaper than asking a court to decide for you.

    ", + "

    You need to attend a mediation information assessment meeting (MIAM) before you start mediation.

    ", + "

    Find a local mediator.

    ", + "

    The mediator can decide mediation is not right for you (for example, if there\u2019s been domestic abuse and you need to go to court instead).

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    A MIAM is usually about \u00a330. If you need more mediation sessions they cost more and fees vary depending on where you live.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid for mediation.

    ", + "

    Making your agreement legally binding

    ", + "

    At the end of mediation you\u2019ll get a document showing what you agreed. This agreement is not legally binding.

    ", + "

    If you want a legally binding agreement you need to draft a consent order and get a court to approve it. The consent order can be based on what you agreed in mediation.

    ", + "

    If you need more help agreeing

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • ask a legal adviser about other ways to resolve issues out of court (such as family arbitration or collaborative law)
    • ", + "
  • get information and advice from Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced
    • ", + "
  • work out your finances with a divorce and separation calculator
    • ", + "

    If you do not agree on everything

    ", + "

    You can ask a court to decide on anything you have not agreed on.

    ", + "

    Get the court to decide

    ", + "

    If you and your ex-partner cannot agree how to divide your finances you can ask a court to make a financial order (also known as the \u2018contested\u2019 route or an \u2018ancillary relief order\u2019).

    ", + "

    This means the court will decide how assets will be split. Getting the court to decide usually takes longer and is more expensive than if you and your ex-partner agree.

    ", + "

    You must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).

    ", + "

    A financial order will describe how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:

    ", + "
  • pensions
    • ", + "
  • property
    • ", + "
  • savings
    • ", + "
  • investments
    • ", + "

    It can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.

    ", + "

    When to apply for a financial order

    ", + "

    You can ask a court to make a financial order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    It is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.

    ", + "

    The final legal document is the:

    ", + "
  • decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing
    • ", + "
  • final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    You can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended but it may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a financial order.

    ", + "

    Send 2 copies of the form to the court dealing with paperwork in your area to divorce or end your civil partnership. Keep a copy for yourself.

    ", + "

    You can hire a solicitor to help you apply for a financial order from the court.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    There are three stages:

    ", + "
  • the first appointment - a short hearing with the judge to discuss your application
    • ", + "
  • financial dispute resolution (FDR) appointment - to help you agree without needing a final hearing (you might need more than one appointment)
    • ", + "
  • final hearing - if you\u2019re not able to agree, this is when a judge will decide how you must separate your finances
    • ", + "

    The court will send you and your ex-partner details when the first appointment will be. This is usually 12 to 14 weeks after you apply.

    ", + "

    Before the first appointment

    ", + "

    You and your ex-partner need to fill in a financial statement for a financial order (Form E) to show a breakdown of your property and debts. This includes giving an estimate of your future living costs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to collect documents about your finances, for example:

    ", + "
  • rental or mortgage agreements
    • ", + "
  • pension documents
    • ", + "
  • loan agreements
    • ", + "
  • proof of your salary income, for example P60 or recent pay slips
    • ", + "
  • details of personal belongings worth more than \u00a3500, for example a car or house contents
    • ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    It depends on:

    ", + "
  • how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need
    • ", + "
  • if you need a final hearing
    • ", + "

    There can be several months between the appointments.

    ", + "

    How the court decides

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree, a judge will decide how assets will be split. They\u2019ll base their decision on how long you\u2019ve been married or in a civil partnership, as well as your:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • ability to earn
    • ", + "
  • property and money
    • ", + "
  • living expenses
    • ", + "
  • standard of living
    • ", + "
  • financial needs and responsibilities
    • ", + "
  • role in looking after the family, for example if you were the main earner or caring for the family or home
    • ", + "
  • disability or health condition, if you have any
    • ", + "

    The judge will decide on the fairest way to divide the assets if there\u2019s enough to meet everyone\u2019s needs. They will make arrangements for any children first - especially their housing arrangements and child maintenance. The reason for the divorce or dissolution is not taken into account.

    ", + "

    The judge will usually try to arrange a \u2018clean break\u2019, so everything is shared out, and you no longer have any financial ties to one another.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    The court fee is \u00a3255.

    ", + "

    Solicitor fees vary depending on their experience and where you live. They usually charge by the hour. How much you pay in total depends on how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need and if there will be a final hearing.

    ", + "

    You can get legal aid to help with court costs in certain situations, for example if you\u2019re separating from an abusive partner.

    ", + "

    Further help and advice

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • get information and advice from Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced
    • ", + "
  • find out more about how to apply for a financial order
    • ", + "

    Maintenance payments

    ", + "

    The court sometimes tells the person with the higher income to make regular maintenance payments to help with the other person\u2019s living costs.

    ", + "

    This is called a \u2018maintenance order\u2019.

    ", + "

    A maintenance payment can be set for:

    ", + "
  • a limited period of time
    • ", + "
  • until one of you dies, marries or enters into a new civil partnership
    • ", + "

    The payment can also be changed if one of you loses your job or gets much better paid work.

    ", + "

    Child maintenance

    ", + "

    The court can also decide on child maintenance, but this is often arranged by the Child Maintenance Service.

    ", + "

    Read more about making arrangements to look after children when you divorce or separate.

    ", + "

    Tax when transferring assets

    ", + "

    You do not usually have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you give, or otherwise \u2018dispose of\u2019, assets to your husband, wife or civil partner before you finalise the divorce or civil partnership.

    ", + "

    Assets include shares, certain personal possessions and property. You usually do not have to pay tax if you transfer or sell your main home.

    ", + "

    If you transfer an asset when you\u2019re separated

    ", + "

    If you lived together at any point in the tax year that you transferred the asset, the normal rules for spouses and civil partners apply.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you may have to pay Capital Gains Tax. You\u2019ll need to get a valuation of the asset on the date of transfer, and use it to work out the gain or loss.

    ", + "

    The tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.

    ", + "

    If you transfer an asset after you\u2019ve divorced or dissolved your civil partnership

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you transfer after your relationship has legally ended.

    ", + "

    The rules for working out your gain or loss are complex. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help, such as an accountant or tax adviser. You\u2019ll need to tell them the date of:

    ", + "
  • the decree absolute or dissolution
    • ", + "
  • any court order, if assets were transferred this way
    • ", + "
  • any other contract showing the transfer of assets
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get a divorce", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/divorce", + "contents": [ + "

    Check you can get a divorce

    ", + "

    You can get divorced in England or Wales if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been married for over a year
    • ", + "
  • your relationship has permanently broken down
    • ", + "
  • your marriage is legally recognised in the UK (including same-sex marriage)
    • ", + "
  • the UK is your permanent home, or the permanent home of your husband or wife
    • ", + "

    If you do not want a divorce, you can get a legal separation so you can live apart without ending the marriage. You might also be able to annul the marriage. You can apply for separation or annulment during your first year of marriage.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Getting a divorce is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Grounds for divorce

    ", + "

    When you apply for a divorce you\u2019ll need to prove that your marriage has broken down and cannot be saved. You\u2019ll need to give one or more of the following 5 reasons (also known as \u2018facts\u2019).

    ", + "

    Adultery

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife had sexual intercourse with someone else of the opposite sex (committed adultery).

    ", + "

    You cannot give adultery as a reason if you lived together as a couple for more than 6 months after you found out about it.

    ", + "

    Unreasonable behaviour

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife has behaved in such a way that you cannot reasonably be expected to live with them.

    ", + "

    This could include:

    ", + "
  • physical violence
    • ", + "
  • verbal abuse, such as insults or threats
    • ", + "
  • drunkenness or drug-taking
    • ", + "
  • refusing to pay towards shared living expenses
    • ", + "

    Desertion

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife has left you for at least 2 years before you apply for divorce.

    ", + "

    You can still claim desertion if you have lived together for up to a total of 6 months in this period, but that will not count towards the 2 years.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years

    ", + "

    You can apply for a divorce if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years before applying for divorce and you both agree to it.

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife must agree in writing.

    ", + "

    It may be possible for you to show that you\u2019ve been separated while living in the same home as your wife or husband as long as you\u2019re not living together as a couple (for example you sleep and eat apart).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years

    ", + "

    You can apply for a divorce if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years before applying, even if your husband or wife disagrees.

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    Before you send in your application, you and your husband or wife can choose to work out:

    ", + "
  • arrangements for looking after any children
    • ", + "
  • child maintenance payments for any children
    • ", + "

    You can also divide your money and property. There\u2019s a deadline if you want to make this legally binding.

    ", + "

    You can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree about children, money and property and the reasons for ending your marriage.

    ", + "

    Get help agreeing on issues

    ", + "

    You can use a mediator. Check if you can get legal aid to help pay for mediation.

    ", + "

    You can also get advice on making agreements from:

    ", + "
  • organisations near you
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re married to more than one person

    ", + "

    Contact your regional divorce centre if you\u2019re married to more than one person (polygamy).

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To apply for a divorce you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your husband or wife\u2019s full name and address
    • ", + "
  • your original marriage certificate or a certified copy (and a certified translation if it\u2019s not in English)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your name change if you\u2019ve changed it since you got married - for example your marriage certificate or a deed poll
    • ", + "

    You must try to find your husband or wife\u2019s current address if you do not know it. The court will need it to send them a copy of the divorce petition.

    ", + "

    If you name the person your husband or wife committed adultery with, they\u2019ll get copies of the paperwork.

    ", + "

    Fee

    ", + "

    You must pay a \u00a3550 fee to apply for a divorce. The way you pay depends on how you apply. Your fee will not be refunded after you are sent the notice that your application has been issued.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with fees if you get benefits or are on a low income.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can apply for a divorce online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a debit or credit card to apply online.

    ", + "

    Apply by post or in Welsh

    ", + "

    Fill in a divorce application form D8 (\u2018divorce petition\u2019) to start a divorce.

    ", + "

    You can get help filling in the form at a Citizens Advice office.

    ", + "

    Send 3 copies of the form to your nearest divorce centre. They\u2019ll send one copy to your husband or wife.

    ", + "

    You need to send 4 copies if you named someone your husband or wife committed adultery with.

    ", + "

    Keep your own copy of the forms.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You can either pay by:

    ", + "
  • debit or credit card - the divorce centre will call you to take payment
    • ", + "
  • cheque - made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019
    • ", + "

    What happens after you apply

    ", + "

    Your application will be checked. If it\u2019s correct, you\u2019ll be sent:

    ", + "
  • a notice that your application has been issued (sent out)
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your application stamped by the divorce centre
    • ", + "
  • a case number
    • ", + "

    This may take up to 10 days if you applied online or 1 month if you applied by post.

    ", + "

    The court will send your husband or wife the divorce application and an \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 form. Your husband or wife will need to respond to your divorce application.

    ", + "

    If you named someone your husband or wife committed adultery with, they\u2019ll also be sent a copy of the application and be asked to respond.

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife responds

    ", + "

    The acknowledgement of service form asks your husband or wife if they:

    ", + "
  • agree with the divorce
    • ", + "
  • intend to try to prevent the divorce (defend it)
    • ", + "
  • object to paying the costs (if you\u2019ve claimed them)
    • ", + "

    Your husband or wife must respond within 8 days.

    ", + "

    If they agree with the divorce

    ", + "

    You can continue with the divorce by applying for a decree nisi.

    ", + "

    If they defend the divorce

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife will have to complete an \u2018answer to divorce\u2019 form to say why they disagree with the divorce. They must do this within 28 days of getting the divorce application.

    ", + "

    If they do not submit an \u2018answer to divorce\u2019 form, you can continue the divorce by applying for a decree nisi.

    ", + "

    If they do submit an answer to divorce in time, you may have to go to court to discuss the case.

    ", + "

    Apply for decree nisi

    ", + "

    You can apply for a decree nisi if your husband or wife does not defend your divorce petition.

    ", + "

    A decree nisi is a document that says that the court does not see any reason why you cannot divorce.

    ", + "

    If your husband or wife does not agree to the divorce, you can still apply for a decree nisi. However, you\u2019ll have to go to a court hearing to discuss the case, where a judge will decide whether to grant you a decree nisi.

    ", + "

    If you already have a hearing date, the court will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To get a decree nisi, read the guidance and then fill in the application for a decree nisi.

    ", + "

    You must also fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your divorce petition is true.

    ", + "

    There are 5 statement forms - use the one that covers the reason you\u2019ve given for your divorce:

    ", + "
  • adultery statement
    • ", + "
  • unreasonable behaviour statement
    • ", + "
  • desertion statement
    • ", + "
  • 2 years\u2019 separation statement
    • ", + "
  • 5 years\u2019 separation statement
    • ", + "

    Attach a copy of your husband\u2019s or wife\u2019s response to the divorce petition.

    ", + "

    Getting a decree nisi

    ", + "

    If the judge agrees, the court will send you and your husband or wife a certificate. This may take several weeks.

    ", + "

    The certificate will tell you the time and date you\u2019ll be granted a decree nisi.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be married after the decree nisi has been granted. You\u2019ll have to wait 43 days (6 weeks and 1 day) before you can apply for a \u2018decree absolute\u2019 to actually end the marriage.

    ", + "

    Your application is rejected

    ", + "

    You may be sent a \u2018notice of refusal of judge\u2019s certificate\u2019 form, saying why you cannot divorce.

    ", + "

    The form will tell you what to do next. The judge may want more information in writing, or you may have to go to a court hearing.

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice if there\u2019s going to be a court hearing.

    ", + "

    Apply for a decree absolute

    ", + "

    The decree absolute is the legal document that ends your marriage.

    ", + "

    You need to wait at least 43 days (6 weeks and 1 day) after the date of the decree nisi before you can apply for a decree absolute.

    ", + "

    Apply within 12 months of getting the decree nisi - otherwise you will have to explain the delay to the court.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To apply for a decree absolute, fill in the notice of application for decree nisi to be made absolute form.

    ", + "

    If you want a legally binding arrangement for dividing money and property you must apply to the court for this before you apply for a decree absolute.

    ", + "

    Getting the decree absolute

    ", + "

    The court will check that:

    ", + "
  • time limits have been met
    • ", + "
  • there are no other reasons not to grant the divorce
    • ", + "

    The court will then send you both a decree absolute.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your decree absolute within:

    ", + "
  • 24 hours (Monday to Friday) if you applied online
    • ", + "
  • 10 days if you applied by post
    • ", + "

    If a solicitor is acting for you, the decree absolute will be sent to them. You\u2019ll need to ask them for a copy.

    ", + "

    Once you get the decree absolute, you are divorced, no longer married and free to marry again if you wish.

    ", + "

    Keep the decree absolute safe - you will need to show it if you remarry or to prove your marital status.

    ", + "

    If you lose your decree absolute, you can apply to the court for a copy.

    ", + "

    If you do not apply for the decree absolute

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife can apply for the decree absolute if you do not. They\u2019ll have to wait an extra 3 months to do this, on top of the standard 43 days.

    ", + "

    If your husband or wife lacks mental capacity

    ", + "

    You can apply for a divorce if your husband or wife \u2018lacks mental capacity\u2019 and cannot agree to a divorce or take part in the divorce case.

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife will need someone to make decisions for them during the divorce. The person who acts on their behalf is called a \u2018litigation friend\u2019. It can be a family member, close friend or someone else who can represent them.

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife does not have a litigation friend

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s no one suitable and willing to be their litigation friend, you can apply to the court to appoint a litigation friend.

    ", + "

    The Official Solicitor may agree to act as your husband or wife\u2019s litigation friend when there\u2019s no one else to do this (\u2018litigation friend of last resort\u2019).

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "
  • Check there\u2019s nobody else suitable or willing to act as your husband or wife\u2019s litigation friend.
    • ", + "
  • Check that there\u2019s money available for any costs the Official Solicitor has to pay. Your husband or wife may be able to get legal aid.
    • ", + "
  • Give the details of your husband or wife\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to the court so it can ask for a certificate of capacity.
    • ", + "

    If the Official Solicitor agrees to act as litigation friend for your husband or wife, you\u2019ll be able to file for divorce.

    ", + "

    Contact the Official Solicitor\u2019s staff

    ", + "

    Email or call the private family law team if you have an enquiry about divorcing someone who lacks mental capacity. They cannot answer general questions about divorce.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "End a civil partnership", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/end-civil-partnership", + "contents": [ + "

    Check you can end your civil partnership

    ", + "

    You can apply to end (\u2018dissolve\u2019) your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been in the partnership for over a year.

    ", + "

    If you do not want to end the civil partnership, you can get a legal separation so you can live apart. You can apply for separation during the first year of your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    Ending your civil partnership is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    How to end your civil partnership

    ", + "

    You must send paperwork to a court to ask for permission to end your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    Separate from the paperwork, you and your ex-partner may need to work out:

    ", + "
  • arrangements for looking after any children
    • ", + "
  • child maintenance payments for any children
    • ", + "

    You also need to divide your money and property. There\u2019s a deadline if you want to make this legally binding.

    ", + "

    You can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree about children, money and property and the reasons for ending your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    Get help agreeing on issues

    ", + "

    You can use a mediator. Check if you can get legal aid to help pay for mediation.

    ", + "

    You can also get advice on making agreements from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • Advicenow
    • ", + "

    Grounds for ending a civil partnership

    ", + "

    When you apply to end your civil partnership (\u2018dissolution\u2019), you\u2019ll need to prove your relationship has broken down and cannot be saved.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give one or more of the following 4 reasons (also known as \u2018facts\u2019).

    ", + "

    Unreasonable behaviour

    ", + "

    Your civil partner has behaved in a way that means you cannot reasonably be expected to live with them.

    ", + "

    This could include:

    ", + "
  • physical or mental cruelty
    • ", + "
  • verbal or physical abuse
    • ", + "
  • being irresponsible with money
    • ", + "
  • being sexually unfaithful
    • ", + "

    Desertion

    ", + "

    Your civil partner has intentionally left you for at least 2 years.

    ", + "

    You can still claim desertion if you have lived together for up to a total of 6 months in this period. This will not count towards the 2 years.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years

    ", + "

    You can apply to end your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years before applying and you both agree to end the civil partnership.

    ", + "

    Your civil partner must agree in writing to end the civil partnership.

    ", + "

    It may be possible for you to show that you\u2019ve been separated while living in the same home as your civil partner as long as you\u2019re not living together as a couple (for example you sleep and eat apart).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years

    ", + "

    You can apply to end your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years, even if your civil partner disagrees.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To end a civil partnership, you first need to fill in a dissolution application.

    ", + "

    You must include your:

    ", + "
  • full name and address
    • ", + "
  • civil partner\u2019s full name and address
    • ", + "
  • civil partnership certificate - send the original certificate or get a copy from a register office
    • ", + "

    Include the names and dates of birth of any children (no matter how old they are).

    ", + "

    You must try to find your civil partner\u2019s current address if you do not know it. The court will need it to send them a copy of the dissolution application.

    ", + "

    Pay the court fee

    ", + "

    You will have to pay a \u00a3550 court fee to file the dissolution application.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.

    ", + "

    By phone with a debit or credit card

    ", + "

    The court calls you to take your payment. Include a letter with your petition to request the call and give them your phone number.

    ", + "

    By post with a cheque

    ", + "

    Make out the cheque to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 and send it with your application.

    ", + "

    Send the forms

    ", + "

    Once you have filled in the forms:

    ", + "
  • send 3 copies to the court
    • ", + "
  • keep copies for yourself
    • ", + "
  • include your cheque, or your letter asking to pay by phone
    • ", + "

    Where to send the forms

    ", + "

    Send the forms to your nearest court dealing with civil partnership dissolution.

    ", + "

    Apply for a conditional order

    ", + "

    You can get a conditional order if your partner agrees to end the civil partnership.

    ", + "

    A conditional order is a document that says the court does not see any reason why you cannot end the civil partnership. It is the first of 2 stages to getting the civil partnership dissolved -\u00ad the second stage is getting a final order.

    ", + "

    If your partner does not agree to end the civil partnership, you can still apply for a conditional order. You\u2019ll have to go to a hearing at the court to discuss the case, where a judge will decide whether to grant you the conditional order.

    ", + "

    You must wait at least 7 days after your civil partner has received their copy of the dissolution application.

    ", + "

    Fill in the application form

    ", + "

    To apply for a conditional order, fill in the application for a conditional order.

    ", + "

    If your partner is defending the case, fill in section B of the form, saying you want a \u2018case management hearing\u2019 before the judge.

    ", + "

    You also need to fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your dissolution application is true.

    ", + "

    There are 4 statement forms - use the one that covers the reason you\u2019ve given for ending the civil partnership:

    ", + "
  • unreasonable behaviour statement
    • ", + "
  • desertion statement
    • ", + "
  • 2 years\u2019 separation statement
    • ", + "
  • 5 years\u2019 separation statement
    • ", + "

    The forms will need to show your civil partner:

    ", + "
  • has received the dissolution application
    • ", + "
  • agrees to the dissolution if you\u2019re using the fact that you\u2019ve been living apart for 2 years as your reason
    • ", + "
  • agrees with any arrangement proposed for children
    • ", + "

    Attach your civil partner\u2019s response to the dissolution application, and send it to the court. Keep your own copy.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be civil partners at this stage, the \u2018final order\u2019 actually ends your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    Apply for a final order

    ", + "

    The final order is the legal document that ends your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    You have to wait 6 weeks after the date of the conditional order to apply for a final order.

    ", + "

    If your civil partner applied for a conditional order, you have to wait 3 months and 6 weeks after the date of the conditional order.

    ", + "

    Apply within 12 months of getting the conditional order - otherwise you will have to explain the delay to the court.

    ", + "

    If you want a legally binding arrangement for dividing money and property you must apply to the court for this before you apply for a final order.

    ", + "

    To apply for a final order, fill in the application for a conditional order to be made final.

    ", + "

    Return the form to the court. This will usually be the same court that dealt with your conditional order.

    ", + "

    Getting the final order

    ", + "

    The court will check that there are no reasons why the civil partnership cannot be ended. You must provide all details the court asks for within the time limits.

    ", + "

    If the court is happy with all the information, it will send you and your civil partner a final order.

    ", + "

    Once you get your final order, your civil partnership has ended and you can marry or enter into another civil partnership.

    ", + "

    You must keep your final order safe - you will need to show it if you enter into another civil partnership or to prove your status.

    ", + "

    If your partner lacks mental capacity

    ", + "

    You can apply to end your civil partnership if your partner \u2018lacks mental capacity\u2019 and cannot agree to end the civil partnership or take part in the process.

    ", + "

    Your partner will need someone to make decisions for them during the process. The person who acts on their behalf is called a \u2018litigation friend\u2019. It can be a family member, close friend or someone else who can represent them.

    ", + "

    Your partner does not have a litigation friend

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s no one suitable and willing to be their litigation friend, you can apply to the court to appoint a litigation friend.

    ", + "

    The Official Solicitor may agree to act as your partner\u2019s litigation friend when there\u2019s no one else to do this (\u2018litigation friend of last resort\u2019).

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "
  • Check there\u2019s nobody else suitable or willing to act as your civil partner\u2019s litigation friend.
    • ", + "
  • Check that there\u2019s money available for any costs the Official Solicitor has to pay. Your civil partner may be able to get legal aid.
    • ", + "
  • Give the details of your civil partner\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to the court so it can ask for a certificate of capacity.
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If the Official Solicitor agrees to act as litigation friend for your civil partner, you\u2019ll be able to end your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    Contact the Official Solicitor\u2019s staff

    ", + "

    Email or call the private family law team if you have an enquiry.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Growing your business", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/growing-your-business", + "contents": [ + "

    Plan for growth

    ", + "

    Once your business is established and you\u2019re making a profit on the products and services you sell to customers, you may want to start thinking about how to grow.

    ", + "

    Many businesses think of growth in terms of increased sales, but it\u2019s also important to focus on how to maintain or improve your profitability.

    ", + "

    Things you can do to help grow your business include:

    ", + "
  • looking into ways of increasing your sales, both to existing customers and new customers
    • ", + "
  • improving your products and services by researching and testing changes with your customers
    • ", + "
  • developing new products and services, and selling them to new or existing markets
    • ", + "
  • taking on staff or training your current staff, including working with apprentices and mentors
    • ", + "
  • looking for additional sources of funding, such as bringing in new investors
    • ", + "
  • thinking about selling your products or services online
    • ", + "
  • work with a business mentor, who can help you think about how to do all of these things
    • ", + "

    As your business grows

    ", + "

    You must register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover reaches more than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    You may also find that a different legal structure is more suitable as your business grows.

    ", + "

    Contact the business support helpline in your area for help and advice on starting or growing your business.

    ", + "

    Get extra funding

    ", + "

    Growing your business, whether through increased sales or improved profitability, often means you need to invest more. You can do this by:

    ", + "
  • investing previous profits back into your business
    • ", + "
  • taking out a loan
    • ", + "
  • selling shares to outside investors
    • ", + "
  • looking for other sources of finance, including government-backed schemes
    • ", + "

    Find out which types of finance might work for your business.

    ", + "

    Find public finance using the finance finder tool, or search for private finance.

    ", + "

    Professional advisers such as accountants can help you to work out whether it makes financial sense to take on loans or investment. You should take legal advice before taking on new investment in your business.

    ", + "

    Find a chartered accountant on the Institute of Chartered Accountants (ICAEW) website, or a solicitor on the Law Society website.

    ", + "

    Taking out a loan

    ", + "

    You should make sure that your business will be able to pay back the debt before you take out a loan. Repayments are often made in instalments over a number of years, and you\u2019ll need to pay off any interest on outstanding debts.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader looking for a loan, a lender might ask you to provide a personal guarantee or promise to hand over assets like your house or car if you can\u2019t repay the loan.

    ", + "

    Selling shares

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re thinking of bringing in new investors, they\u2019ll want to know how much your business could increase in value if they buy shares. To work this out, they\u2019ll need to know how much their investment will increase your sales and profitability.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide potential lenders and investors with a financial model showing:

    ", + "
  • how your business will spend the extra money to increase sales and profitability
    • ", + "
  • how initial costs and increased ongoing costs will affect your cash flow
    • ", + "

    Increases in sales usually only happen after taking on additional costs like employing more staff, moving to larger premises or putting in bigger orders for raw materials. You\u2019ll need to take all of these into account in your financial planning.

    ", + "

    Increase sales to existing customers

    ", + "

    How you go about increasing sales depends on your circumstances and how your business is performing. You might choose to focus on customers who\u2019ve already bought from you, or you could try to win new customers in your local area, nationally or overseas.

    ", + "

    The simplest way to increase your sales is to sell more of the products or services you\u2019re selling at the moment to the customers who are already buying them. For most businesses this involves:

    ", + "
  • persuading one-off customers to become repeat customers
    • ", + "
  • finding customers who\u2019ve stopped buying from you and trying to win them back
    • ", + "
  • selling more of the same products or services to your regular customers
    • ", + "

    By keeping a record of who your customers are and what you sold to them, you can work out who\u2019s stopped buying from you, and who might consider buying more. Targeting these customers is often a cheaper and more effective way to increase sales than trying to find new ones.

    ", + "

    Review your prices

    ", + "

    Regularly reviewing your prices and checking them against your competitors can be an effective way of increasing your sales, profits or both.

    ", + "

    You should try to estimate the likely effect of different price changes on the sales, cash flow and profitability of your business before making any changes. To do this successfully, you need to understand:

    ", + "
  • the \u2018cost structure\u2019 of your business (including regular \u2018fixed\u2019 costs, and \u2018variable\u2019 costs that change according to your business\u2019 activity)
    • ", + "
  • the value your customers place on your products and services
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s worth bearing in mind that offering a discount can sometimes reduce your overall profitability, even if your sales go up. Equally, you might be able to make more profit overall by increasing prices, even if you\u2019re selling fewer items.

    ", + "

    Small changes to pricing like providing loyalty schemes or bulk discounts can increase sales to both existing and former customers.

    ", + "

    You should also regularly check the price you\u2019re selling products and services at against competitors. This will help you find out if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • losing customers who get the same product or service elsewhere for less money
    • ", + "
  • sacrificing profitability, because customers are willing to pay more than you\u2019re charging them
    • ", + "

    Find resources on pricing strategy and increasing sales on the Marketing Donut website.

    ", + "

    Attract new customers

    ", + "

    One way of finding new customers for your products and services is by increasing awareness in your local area. You can do this by:

    ", + "
  • asking your customers to recommend you to their friends and colleagues
    • ", + "
  • advertising in local media
    • ", + "
  • using other forms of marketing, including online
    • ", + "

    You could also talk to potential customers who don\u2019t use your business at the moment and find out what it would take for them to switch from your competition.

    ", + "

    Expanding outside your local area

    ", + "

    If you want to sell your product or service through new sales channels or markets elsewhere in the UK, there are different organisations you\u2019ll need to work with, including:

    ", + "
  • wholesalers
    • ", + "
  • retailers, including online retailers
    • ", + "
  • distributors
    • ", + "

    You could try using direct marketing to find new customers.

    ", + "

    Search the contracts finder for business opportunities from government departments and agencies.

    ", + "

    Expanding outside the UK

    ", + "

    You might decide to find new customers outside the UK by exporting your products. The Department for International Trade offers help and resources on successfully selling your products and services to customers in other countries.

    ", + "

    Make sure that you\u2019re aware of your legal responsibilities around the sale of goods and services, and data protection.

    ", + "

    Improve your products and services

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re looking to grow your business by improving your products and services, start by focusing on your existing customers and their needs.

    ", + "

    Talk to them, and find out their views on:

    ", + "
  • what they\u2019re buying from you, and what they value most about it
    • ", + "
  • what you could do to make it more useful and valuable to them
    • ", + "
  • what would encourage them to buy more
    • ", + "

    Make changes based on feedback

    ", + "

    Getting customer feedback should help you to identify ways to improve what you\u2019re offering to your current customers. It may also allow you to:

    ", + "
  • increase the price you charge to your existing customers
    • ", + "
  • attract new customers whose needs you weren\u2019t meeting before
    • ", + "

    Try to ensure that any changes you make will increase your sales and profitability enough to make the time and money you\u2019ll need to invest worthwhile.

    ", + "

    If possible, you should test out prototypes of improved products or services with a few existing customers. By doing this, you can get their feedback and avoid making unpopular changes that could harm your business.

    ", + "

    Doing this is equally important for all businesses, whether you\u2019re starting up or established, improving an existing product or service, or bringing something new to market.

    ", + "

    Think about selling online

    ", + "

    Selling your products or services on the internet can:

    ", + "
  • help improve efficiency and productivity
    • ", + "
  • reduce costs
    • ", + "
  • help you communicate better with customers and suppliers
    • ", + "

    You can use analytics software to help you understand how customers use your site and show you ways to improve it.

    ", + "

    Consider the costs of going online

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make sure you understand all the costs involved (eg hardware, software, hosting, training, services, maintenance and support, upgrades etc). You must also provide your customers with certain information.

    ", + "

    Online security

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re going to sell online, protect your customers and business with measures to keep systems and data safe from theft or hackers.

    ", + "

    Develop new products and services

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re planning to develop new products and services, you should test them with your customers with just as much care and attention as a new business going to market for the first time.

    ", + "

    By making sure there\u2019s real demand for what you\u2019re planning to sell, you can find out about any problems and fix them before you\u2019ve wasted too much time, effort and money.

    ", + "
  • Talk to existing and potential customers and find out about their needs.
    • ", + "
  • If you can, develop a prototype as quickly and cheaply as possible. Work out the minimum investment that lets you find out if you\u2019re meeting a real need.
    • ", + "
  • Test it with customers and get feedback. Find out what they\u2019d be willing to pay for it. Try out different prices with different customers in a consistent, realistic way to see what people will really pay. Can you make enough money for a return on the investment you\u2019d need to develop your new product or service?
    • ", + "
  • If there are are other businesses competing for your market, think about what will make you different. Can you provide something better than what\u2019s already available? And is it significantly different or better to what you\u2019re already offering?
    • ", + "

    Benefits of development

    ", + "

    By developing new products and services, you can:

    ", + "
  • sell more to existing customers (making the most of existing relationships is cheaper than finding new customers)
    • ", + "
  • spread fixed costs like premises or machinery across a range of products
    • ", + "
  • diversify the products you offer so you\u2019re less reliant on certain customers or markets
    • ", + "

    Another way of expanding your product range is by importing goods from overseas to sell in the UK. Make sure you know the rules on things like tax and commodity codes if you\u2019re planning to import.

    ", + "

    Business ideas and intellectual property

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve invented something or come up with an original idea that you want to turn into a product or service, you should register it to make sure nobody copies it without your permission. Find out about trademarks, copyright and intellectual property.

    ", + "

    You can find local support in England for coming up with business ideas and developing them on the National Enterprise Network website.

    ", + "

    Other sources of advice and support include:

    ", + "
  • the Design Council\u2019s business resources
    • ", + "
  • the British Library business and intellectual property centre
    • ", + "

    You may be able to benefit from developing your idea in partnership with experts in academic institutions through Knowledge Transfer Partnerships.

    ", + "

    Hire and train staff

    ", + "

    As your business expands, you\u2019ll need more capacity to produce or provide your product or service, and a wider range of skills. The easiest ways of achieving this are usually by taking on new staff, or training your existing workforce.

    ", + "

    Employing people

    ", + "

    By taking on new people you can spread your workload, expand production and take advantage of new and different skills and expertise.

    ", + "

    This applies whether you already have employees, or you started your business on your own as a sole trader and are thinking about taking on staff for the first time. Find out about your responsibilities when employing someone.

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships

    ", + "

    Taking on an apprentice allows you to grow your capacity by investing in people who want to learn. Your business benefits from the skills they develop as they train both on and off the job.

    ", + "

    Find out about the practical steps involved in taking on an apprentice.

    ", + "

    Training your staff

    ", + "

    You can improve the range and level of skills in your business by training up existing staff. Giving staff training opportunities can increase their loyalty to your company and their productivity - as well as your profits.

    ", + "

    Schemes and organisations that can help you to grow your business through training include:

    ", + "
  • finding training courses specific to your business area through the National Careers Service
    • ", + "
  • using a business improvement framework, like Investors in People
    • ", + "

    Work with a mentor

    ", + "

    Business mentors can help you develop your ideas for growth by sharing their skills, expertise, experience and contacts.

    ", + "

    Find free and paid-for mentors in your area with knowledge and experience relevant to your business on the \u2018mentorsme\u2019 website, or Business mentoring if you\u2019re in Wales. Mentorsme also has advice on how to pick the right mentor for your business.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Set up a business partnership", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-business-partnership", + "contents": [ + "

    Setting up

    ", + "

    In a partnership, you and your partner (or partners) personally share responsibility for your business. This includes:

    ", + "
  • any losses your business makes
    • ", + "
  • bills for things you buy for your business, like stock or equipment
    • ", + "

    Partners share the business\u2019s profits, and each partner pays tax on their share.

    ", + "

    A partner does not have to be an actual person. For example, a limited company counts as a \u2018legal person\u2019 and can also be a partner.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    When you set up a business partnership you need to:

    ", + "
  • choose a name
    • ", + "
  • choose a \u2018nominated partner\u2019
    • ", + "
  • register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "

    The \u2018nominated partner\u2019 is responsible for managing the partnership\u2019s tax returns and keeping business records.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for limited partnerships and limited liability partnerships (LLPs).

    ", + "

    Naming your partnership

    ", + "

    You can trade under your own names, or you can choose another name for your business. You do not need to register your name.

    ", + "

    You must include all the partners\u2019 names and the business name (if you have one) on official paperwork, for example invoices and letters.

    ", + "

    Business names

    ", + "

    Business partnership names must not:

    ", + "
  • include \u2018limited\u2019, \u2018Ltd\u2019, \u2018limited liability partnership, \u2018LLP\u2019, \u2018public limited company\u2019 or \u2018plc\u2019
    • ", + "
  • be offensive
    • ", + "
  • be the same as an existing trade mark
    • ", + "

    Your name also cannot contain a \u2018sensitive\u2019 word or expression, or suggest a connection with government or local authorities, unless you get permission.

    ", + "

    Check which words you need permission to use, and who from.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to register your name as a trade mark if you want to stop people from trading under your business name.

    ", + "

    Register the partnership

    ", + "

    You must register your partnership for Self Assessment with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re the \u2018nominated partner\u2019. This means you\u2019re responsible for sending the partnership tax return.

    ", + "

    The other partners need to register separately.

    ", + "

    Register a partner or partnership

    ", + "

    All partners also need to send their own tax returns as individuals.

    ", + "

    You must register by 5 October in your business\u2019s second tax year, or you could be charged a penalty.

    ", + "

    Other ways to register

    ", + "

    You can also register the partnership using form SA400 if you cannot register online. You can register as a partner using form SA401.

    ", + "

    Registering for VAT

    ", + "

    You must also register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000. You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.

    ", + "

    You can appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Accounts and tax returns for private limited companies", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-file-annual-accounts-for-limited-company", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    After the end of its financial year, your private limited company must prepare:

    ", + "
  • full (\u2018statutory\u2019) annual accounts
    • ", + "
  • a Company Tax Return
    • ", + "

    You need your accounts and tax return to meet deadlines for filing with Companies House and HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You can also use them to work out how much Corporation Tax to pay.

    ", + "Action | Deadline", + "File first accounts with Companies House | 21 months after the date you registered with Companies House", + "File annual accounts with Companies House | 9 months after your company\u2019s financial year ends", + "Pay Corporation Tax or tell HMRC that your limited company does not owe any | 9 months and 1 day after your \u2018accounting period\u2019 for Corporation Tax ends", + "File a Company Tax Return | 12 months after your accounting period for Corporation Tax ends", + "

    Your accounting period for Corporation Tax is the time covered by your Company Tax Return. It\u2019s normally the same 12 months as the company financial year covered by your annual accounts.

    ", + "

    Filing your accounts and tax return

    ", + "

    You can file with Companies House and HMRC together or separately.

    ", + "

    You must take additional steps:

    ", + "
  • at the end of your company\u2019s first year
    • ", + "
  • if you restart a dormant company
    • ", + "

    There are penalties for filing late with Companies House and HMRC.

    ", + "

    Filing accounts and tax returns

    ", + "

    You file your accounts with Companies House and your Company Tax Return with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You may be able to file them together if you have a private limited company that does not need an auditor.

    ", + "What you want to do | How you can do it", + "File accounts and tax return together | Use HMRC\u2019s online service or accounting software", + "File accounts with Companies House separately | Send your accounts to Companies House online", + "File tax return with HMRC separately | Use HMRC\u2019s online service or accounting software", + "

    You\u2019ll need your:

    ", + "
  • HMRC online account details
    • ", + "
  • company registration number
    • ", + "
  • Companies House online account details
    • ", + "

    Corrections and amendments

    ", + "

    Check what you must do to correct or amend your:

    ", + "
  • accounts
    • ", + "
  • tax return
    • ", + "

    Using accountants or tax advisers to file for you

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • give your accountant or tax adviser your Companies House authentication code so they can file your accounts
    • ", + "
  • appoint an agent to file your Company Tax Return
    • ", + "

    Apply to extend your accounts filing deadline

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your accounts filing deadline with Companies House if you cannot send your accounts because of an event outside your control - for example, if a fire destroyed company records before your filing deadline.

    ", + "

    You must apply for the extension before your filing deadline.

    ", + "

    Apply for an extension due to coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You can apply for an immediate 3 month extension if your company is affected by coronavirus. You must apply before your filing deadline.

    ", + "

    You may not be eligible if you\u2019ve already extended your filing deadline, or shortened your accounting period.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply online or by post.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    To apply online you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your company number
    • ", + "
  • information about why you need more time
    • ", + "
  • any documents you have that support your application
    • ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    You can write to Companies House to apply for an extension. It is taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    You should explain what\u2019s happened and how much more time you\u2019ll need to file your accounts.

    ", + "

    You must apply to the correct office where your company is registered.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal to the tax tribunal", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-tribunal", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Tax) if you want to challenge some decisions by:

    ", + "
  • HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • Border Force
    • ", + "
  • the National Crime Agency (NCA)
    • ", + "
  • the Welsh Revenue Authority (WRA)
    • ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Appeal an HMRC decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal some decisions about:

    ", + "
  • \u2018direct tax\u2019, for example Income Tax, PAYE tax, Corporation Tax, Capital Gains Tax, National Insurance contributions, Statutory Sick Pay, Statutory Maternity Pay, Inheritance Tax - you must appeal to HMRC first
    • ", + "
  • \u2018indirect tax\u2019, for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty - you can usually appeal straight to the tribunal
    • ", + "

    You must appeal within the time limit - it\u2019ll usually be on your decision letter.

    ", + "

    You can apply for alternative dispute resolution (ADR) after you\u2019ve appealed an HMRC decision.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to appeal decisions about tax credits and Council Tax.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay

    ", + "

    You must usually pay upfront what HMRC says you owe. Make a hardship application if you cannot. Appeal to the tribunal if HMRC will not let you delay payment.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay upfront if you\u2019re appealing about a penalty.

    ", + "

    Appeal about seized goods

    ", + "

    You must ask HMRC or Border Force to take your case to the magistrates\u2019 court (this is known as starting \u2018condemnation proceedings\u2019) if you think they should not have taken (or \u2018seized\u2019) your goods.

    ", + "

    The tribunal cannot decide whether your goods were seized with good reason.

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to the tribunal if HMRC or Border Force:

    ", + "
  • refuses to return your seized goods
    • ", + "
  • says you need to pay to get your seized goods back
    • ", + "
  • sends you an assessment for duty
    • ", + "
  • tries to charge you a penalty
    • ", + "

    You must ask HMRC or Border Force to reconsider their decision before you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Closure applications

    ", + "

    You can apply for a \u2018closure notice if HMRC opens an enquiry to check your tax return for \u2018direct tax\u2019 (for example Income Tax, Capital Gains Tax or Corporation Tax) and you want it to be closed.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will decide when HMRC should close the enquiry.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a closure notice if your tax return is being checked for \u2018indirect tax\u2019.

    ", + "

    Appeal an NCA decision

    ", + "

    The National Crime Agency (NCA) can check your tax return instead of HMRC in some cases, for example if they suspect you\u2019ve been laundering money.

    ", + "

    You can make an appeal if you do not agree with the decision by writing to the NCA.

    ", + "

    Appeal a WRA decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal some decisions about Land Transaction Tax and Landfill Disposals Tax.

    ", + "

    You can also apply to close an enquiry into your tax return.

    ", + "

    You must appeal within the time limit - it\u2019ll usually be on your decision letter.

    ", + "

    You must usually pay upfront what WRA says you owe. You can request to delay paying until you get a decision about your appeal.

    ", + "

    Before you appeal, you can ask WRA to change their decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You may want to get help and advice before you appeal.

    ", + "

    You can represent yourself or get legal advice to help with your appeal.

    ", + "

    You can get free advice from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • TaxAid
    • ", + "
  • TaxHelp for Older People, if you\u2019re over 60
    • ", + "

    Read more detailed information about appealing to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the tribunal

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the tax tribunal online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a scan or photo of your original notice or review conclusion letter
    • ", + "
  • reasons for your appeal, so the judge can understand your side of the argument
    • ", + "

    You can also use this service to apply to close an enquiry.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    If you want someone to represent you

    ", + "

    You need to download and fill in an authorisation form if the person representing you is not a practising solicitor or barrister.

    ", + "

    Appeal by post

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a notice of appeal form (T240).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to close an existing enquiry, download and fill in application form (T245).

    ", + "

    Send your completed form to the tribunal. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    Contact the tax tribunal helpline if you have any questions about your appeal. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the tribunal explaining what happens next. You might be asked to provide more documents to support your case.

    ", + "

    Not all cases will have a hearing, but you can ask for one. You\u2019ll usually get at least 14 days\u2019 notice of the date of the hearing. The tribunal will write to you with details of what you need to do.

    ", + "

    If you have a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told when and how the hearing will be held.

    ", + "

    Your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. Read how to take part in a phone or video hearing.

    ", + "

    You can watch a video about what happens at a video hearing.

    ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked for copies of all documents relevant to your appeal (such as letters, invoices and accounts) together with your notice of appeal.

    ", + "

    You must also give the tribunal your decision letter and any response you made.

    ", + "

    You might get sent a \u2018bundle\u2019 of documents before the hearing. You must have this with you if your case is \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018complex\u2019.

    ", + "

    Who\u2019ll be at the hearing

    ", + "

    The tribunal is made up of:

    ", + "
  • a tribunal panel, including a judge and, in some cases, a tax expert
    • ", + "
  • a tribunal clerk
    • ", + "

    You can also ask any of the following people to the hearing:

    ", + "
  • a representative to act on your behalf, for example a lawyer, tax adviser or accountant
    • ", + "
  • a friend, family member or colleague
    • ", + "
  • a witness, if you need one
    • ", + "

    You will need to ask the permission of the court or tribunal for them to join.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You (or your representative) will present your case to the tribunal. You must explain:

    ", + "
  • what has been agreed
    • ", + "
  • what you think is wrong
    • ", + "
  • what evidence you have to support you, like any documents or witnesses
    • ", + "

    Representatives from the other party will present the case against you.

    ", + "

    The tribunal and the other party may also ask questions during the hearing.

    ", + "

    The tribunal's decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the tribunal\u2019s decision:

    ", + "
  • in writing, if you did not have a hearing (the decision will be based on the appeal form and other paperwork)
    • ", + "
  • in writing within 1 month, if you\u2019ve had a \u2018basic\u2019 case - you\u2019ll sometimes get a decision on the day
    • ", + "
  • in writing within 2 months, if you\u2019ve had a \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018complex\u2019 hearing
    • ", + "

    If you lose your case

    ", + "

    If you lose your case, you may be able to:

    ", + "
  • get a decision \u2018set aside\u2019
    • ", + "
  • ask for permission to appeal
    • ", + "

    Get a decision set aside

    ", + "

    You can ask for a decision to be \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled), but only if you think there was a mistake in the process. The letter you get with the decision will tell you how to do this.\nContact Citizens Advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    Ask for permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal against the decision if the tribunal made a legal mistake, for example if it did not:

    ", + "
  • apply the law correctly
    • ", + "
  • fully explain its decision
    • ", + "
  • Ask for full written reasons if you\u2019ve not had them already. You must do this within 28 days of the date on the decision notice - the decision notice will tell you how.
    • ", + "
  • Ask for permission to appeal - download the appeal form and read the guidance notes. You must do this within 56 days of the date given on the full written reasons.
    • ", + "

    Send the appeal form to:

    ", + "

    After you send the form

    ", + "

    A judge will decide if you can take your case to a higher tribunal, called the Upper Tribunal (Tax and Chancery). Appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you get permission.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal if the First-tier Tribunal refuses, or only gives you permission to appeal on limited grounds.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    Search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Tax Chamber) Rules 2009.

    ", + "

    Read the practice direction and practice statements for more detailed guidance.

    ", + "

    The tribunal was set up by the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007 and Transfer of Tribunal Functions and Revenue and Customs Appeals Order 2009.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Businesses and charging VAT", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-businesses", + "contents": [ + "

    How VAT works

    ", + "

    You can only charge VAT if your business is registered for VAT.

    ", + "

    VAT is charged on things like:

    ", + "
  • business sales - for example when you sell goods and services
    • ", + "
  • hiring or loaning goods to someone
    • ", + "
  • selling business assets
    • ", + "
  • commission
    • ", + "
  • items sold to staff - for example canteen meals
    • ", + "
  • business goods used for personal reasons
    • ", + "
  • \u2018non-sales\u2019 like bartering, part-exchange and gifts
    • ", + "

    These are known as \u2018taxable supplies\u2019. There are different rules for charities.

    ", + "

    Responsibilities

    ", + "

    VAT-registered businesses:

    ", + "
  • must charge VAT on their goods or services
    • ", + "
  • may reclaim any VAT they\u2019ve paid on business-related goods or services
    • ", + "
  • must account for import VAT on their VAT return if they use import VAT this way (known as \u2018postponed VAT accounting\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a VAT-registered business you must report to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) the amount of VAT you\u2019ve charged and the amount of VAT you\u2019ve paid. This is done through your VAT Return which is usually due every 3 months.

    ", + "

    You may want to appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.

    ", + "

    You must account for VAT on the full value of what you sell, even if you:

    ", + "
  • receive goods or services instead of money (for example if you take something in part-exchange)
    • ", + "
  • haven\u2019t charged any VAT to the customer - whatever price you charge is treated as including VAT
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve charged more VAT than you\u2019ve paid, you have to pay the difference to HMRC. If you\u2019ve paid more VAT than you\u2019ve charged, you can reclaim the difference from HMRC.

    ", + "

    VAT rates

    ", + "

    There are 3 different rates of VAT and you must make sure you charge the right amount.

    ", + "

    Get a list of reduced or zero-rated goods and services.

    ", + "

    Standard rate

    ", + "

    Most goods and services are standard rate. You should charge this rate unless the goods or services are classed as reduced or zero-rated.

    ", + "

    This includes any goods below the distance selling threshold you supply from Northern Ireland to non-VAT registered EU customers. If you go over the threshold, you\u2019ll have to register for VAT in that country.

    ", + "

    Reduced rate

    ", + "

    When you charge this rate can depend on what the item is as well as the circumstances of the sale, for example:

    ", + "
  • children\u2019s car seats and domestic fuel or power are always charged at 5%
    • ", + "
  • mobility aids for older people are only charged at 5% if they\u2019re for someone over 60 and the goods are installed in their home
    • ", + "

    Zero rate

    ", + "

    Zero-rated means that the goods are still VAT-taxable but the rate of VAT you must charge your customers is 0%. You still have to record them in your VAT accounts and report them on your VAT Return. Examples include:

    ", + "
  • books and newspapers
    • ", + "
  • children\u2019s clothes and shoes
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle helmets
    • ", + "
  • most goods you export from England, Wales and Scotland (Great Britain) to a country outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • most goods you export from Northern Ireland to a country outside the EU and the UK
    • ", + "
  • goods you supply from Northern Ireland to a VAT registered EU business - you can check if the VAT number is valid
    • ", + "

    If you sent goods to the EU from Northern Ireland, you\u2019ll need their VAT number and paperwork proving that the goods have been sent within certain time limits (usually 3 months).

    ", + "

    Rates can change and you must apply any changes to the rates from the date they change.

    ", + "

    What you must do when charging VAT

    ", + "

    You need to know the right VAT rate so you can charge it correctly and reclaim it on your purchases.

    ", + "

    If a transaction is a standard, reduced or zero-rated taxable supply, you must:

    ", + "
  • charge the right rate of VAT
    • ", + "
  • work out the VAT if a single price is shown that includes or excludes VAT
    • ", + "
  • show the VAT information on your invoice
    • ", + "
  • show the transaction in your VAT account - a summary of your VAT
    • ", + "
  • show the amount on your VAT Return
    • ", + "

    You may be able to reclaim the VAT on purchases that relate to these sales.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim back all of the amount you\u2019ve paid if you pay the wrong amount of VAT on a purchase.

    ", + "

    VAT-inclusive and exclusive prices

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make a calculation when charging VAT on goods or services, or when working out the amount of VAT you can claim back on items which were sold inclusive of VAT.

    ", + "

    VAT-inclusive prices

    ", + "

    To work out a price including the standard rate of VAT (20%), multiply the price excluding VAT by 1.2.

    ", + "

    To work out a price including the reduced rate of VAT (5%), multiply the price excluding VAT by 1.05.

    ", + "

    VAT-exclusive prices

    ", + "

    To work out a price excluding the standard rate of VAT (20%) divide the price including VAT by 1.2.

    ", + "

    To work out a price excluding the reduced rate of VAT (5%) divide the price including VAT by 1.05.

    ", + "

    When not to charge VAT

    ", + "

    You cannot charge VAT on exempt or \u2018out of scope\u2019 items.

    ", + "

    Exempt goods and services

    ", + "

    Exempt goods or services are supplies that you cannot charge VAT on.

    ", + "

    If you buy or sell an exempt item you should still record the transaction in your general business accounts. Examples of exempt items include:

    ", + "
  • insurance
    • ", + "
  • postage stamps or services
    • ", + "
  • health services provided by doctors
    • ", + "

    Get a list of goods and services that are VAT exempt.

    ", + "

    VAT registration

    ", + "

    Businesses that sell only VAT-exempt goods and services cannot register for VAT.

    ", + "

    If you start selling items that aren\u2019t exempt, you can register for VAT voluntarily. You must register if the total value of non-exempt goods and services goes over the VAT taxable turnover threshold.

    ", + "

    Out of scope

    ", + "

    Some goods and services are outside the VAT tax system so you cannot charge or reclaim the VAT on them. For example, out of scope items include:

    ", + "
  • goods or services you buy and use outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • statutory fees - like the London congestion charge
    • ", + "
  • goods you sell as part of a hobby - like stamps from a collection
    • ", + "
  • donations to a charity - if given without receiving anything in return
    • ", + "

    Charging VAT to charities

    ", + "

    As a VAT-registered business, you can sell certain goods and services to charities at the zero or reduced rate of VAT.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to check the charity is eligible, and to apply the correct rate.

    ", + "

    Community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) don\u2019t qualify for VAT reliefs for charities.

    ", + "

    Check the charity is eligible

    ", + "

    To make sure the charity is eligible, ask them for:

    ", + "
  • evidence that they\u2019re a charity
    • ", + "
  • a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming they meet the conditions for the particular VAT relief
    • ", + "

    Evidence of charitable status

    ", + "

    The charity should give you either:

    ", + "
  • their Charity Commission registration number
    • ", + "
  • a letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if they\u2019re not registered with the Charity Commission for England and Wales (for example if they\u2019re a Scottish or Northern Irish charity)
    • ", + "

    Written declaration

    ", + "

    Charities are legally required to give you an eligibility certificate when you supply eligible building or construction services to them at zero VAT. The certificate must contain specific information.

    ", + "

    A declaration is not legally required for other items you sell at the zero or reduced rate, but you should ask for one to prove the charity is eligible for the relief.

    ", + "

    These sample declarations contain examples of the information a charity should give you when buying:

    ", + "
  • medical and scientific equipment, motor vehicles and computer software
    • ", + "
  • charity advertising
    • ", + "
  • goods and services for disabled people
    • ", + "

    The written declaration should be separate from the order form or invoice for the goods or services the charity is buying.

    ", + "

    You must keep the completed declarations for at least 4 years.

    ", + "

    Items that qualify for the reduced rate

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply the reduced VAT rate when you sell fuel and power in certain circumstances to an eligible charity.

    ", + "

    Items that qualify for the zero rate

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply zero VAT when you sell the following to an eligible charity:

    ", + "
  • advertising and items for collecting donations
    • ", + "
  • aids for disabled people
    • ", + "
  • construction services
    • ", + "
  • drugs and chemicals
    • ", + "
  • equipment for making \u2018talking\u2019 books and newspapers
    • ", + "
  • lifeboats and associated equipment, including fuel
    • ", + "
  • medicine or ingredients for medicine
    • ", + "
  • resuscitation training models
    • ", + "

    Equipment for medical and veterinary use

    ", + "

    You may also be able to zero-rate some other medical and veterinary equipment when you sell it to:

    ", + "
  • certain health bodies, for example NHS Trusts
    • ", + "
  • not-for-profit research institutions
    • ", + "
  • charities that provide institutional care, or medical or surgical treatment for chronically sick or disabled people
    • ", + "
  • charities that provide transport services for disabled people
    • ", + "
  • charities that provide rescue or first aid services to humans or animals
    • ", + "
  • someone buying it specifically for donation to one of these bodies
    • ", + "

    The money used to buy the equipment must be from charitable or donated funds. This should be stated on the eligibility declaration.

    ", + "

    The eligible items include:

    ", + "
  • medical, veterinary and scientific equipment
    • ", + "
  • ambulances
    • ", + "
  • goods for disabled people
    • ", + "
  • motor vehicles for medical use
    • ", + "
  • rescue equipment
    • ", + "
  • resuscitation training dummies
    • ", + "

    Returned goods

    ", + "

    When you return goods to a supplier or a customer returns goods to you, the balance of payment can be settled by issuing either a:

    ", + "
  • replacement invoice
    • ", + "
  • credit or debit note
    • ", + "

    If you exchange the goods for goods of the same value you don\u2019t need to issue a new VAT invoice.

    ", + "

    Credit and debit notes

    ", + "

    These must show the same information as the VAT invoice and:

    ", + "
  • why it was issued
    • ", + "
  • the total amount credited, excluding VAT
    • ", + "
  • the number and date of the original VAT invoice
    • ", + "

    Discounts and free gifts

    ", + "

    Discounts

    ", + "

    VAT may have to be charged on discounts and deals.

    ", + "Offer | How to charge VAT", + "Discounts | Charged on the discounted price (not the full price)", + "Gifts | Charged on the gift\u2019s full value - there are some exceptions listed below", + "Multi-buys | Charged on the combined price if all the items have the same VAT rate. If not, VAT is \u2018apportioned\u2019 as mixed-rate goods", + "Money-off coupons, vouchers etc | No VAT due if given away free at time of a purchase. If not, VAT due on the price charged", + "\u2018Face value\u2019 vouchers that can be used for more than one type of good or service | No VAT due, if sold at or below their monetary value", + "Redeemed face value vouchers | Charged on the full value of the transaction", + "Redeemed face value vouchers sold at a discount | Charged on the discounted value of the transaction", + "Link-save offers (buy one get one free or discounted) | VAT is apportioned as mixed-rate goods - there are exceptions", + "

    Exceptions for gifts and link-save offers

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no VAT due on gifts given to the same person if their total value in a 12 month period is less than \u00a350.

    ", + "

    VAT is charged on the combined value of link-save items if the incentive product:

    ", + "
  • has a resale value of less than \u00a31
    • ", + "
  • has a sale value of less than \u00a35
    • ", + "
  • costs you less than 20% of the total of the other items in the offer
    • ", + "
  • isn\u2019t sold at a separate price from the main product
    • ", + "

    Free goods and services

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to pay VAT on things like free samples if they meet certain conditions.

    ", + "Supplies | Condition to meet so no VAT due", + "Free samples | Used for marketing purposes and provided in a quantity that lets potential customers test the product", + "Free loans of business assets | The cost of hiring the asset is included in something else you sell to the customer", + "Free gifts | The total cost of all gifts to the same person is less than \u00a350 in a 12 month period", + "Free services | You don\u2019t get any payment or goods or services in return" + ] + }, + { + "title": "Capital Gains Tax for business", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-businesses", + "contents": [ + "

    What you pay it on

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) all or part of a business asset.

    ", + "

    Business assets you may need to pay tax on include:

    ", + "
  • land and buildings
    • ", + "
  • fixtures and fittings
    • ", + "
  • plant and machinery, for example a digger
    • ", + "
  • shares
    • ", + "
  • registered trademarks
    • ", + "
  • your business\u2019s reputation
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.

    ", + "

    You pay Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019re a self-employed sole trader or in a business partnership. Other organisations like limited companies pay Corporation Tax on profits from selling their assets.

    ", + "

    When you do not pay it

    ", + "

    You do not usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.

    ", + "

    Work out your gain

    ", + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your business asset and what you sold it for.

    ", + "

    Use the market value instead if:

    ", + "
  • you gave it away (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)
    • ", + "
  • you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer
    • ", + "
  • you inherited the asset (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)
    • ", + "
  • you owned it before April 1982
    • ", + "

    If the asset was given to you and you claimed Gift Hold-Over Relief, use the amount it was originally bought for to work out your gain. If you paid less than it was worth, use the amount you paid for it.

    ", + "

    Deduct costs

    ", + "

    You can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your asset from your gain.

    ", + "

    Costs you can deduct include:

    ", + "
  • fees, for example for valuing or advertising assets
    • ", + "
  • costs to improve assets (but not normal repairs)
    • ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Land Tax and VAT (unless you can reclaim the VAT)
    • ", + "

    You cannot deduct certain costs. These include:

    ", + "
  • interest on a loan to buy your asset
    • ", + "
  • costs you can claim as business expenses
    • ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.

    ", + "

    Apply reliefs

    ", + "

    You may be able to reduce or delay paying tax on your gains if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.

    ", + "

    Work out if you need to pay

    ", + "

    When you know your gain you need to work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a business partnership:

    ", + "
  • work out your share of each gain or loss
    • ", + "
  • the nominated partner must fill in form SA803
    • ", + "

    You can get help with working out your tax, for example from an accountant.

    ", + "

    Reporting a loss

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you need to report a loss.

    ", + "

    Tax relief

    ", + "

    You may be able to reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you have to pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.

    ", + "Relief | Description | Eligibility", + "Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief | Pay 10% Capital Gains Tax on qualifying profits if you sell all or part of your business (instead of the normal rates) | For sole traders, business partners or those with shares in a \u2018personal company\u2019", + "Business Asset Rollover Relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax when you sell or dispose of some types of asset if you replace them | Buy the new asset within 3 years of disposing of the old one. Use the old and new assets in your business", + "Incorporation Relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax when you transfer your business to a company | Transfer all your business and its assets (except cash) in return for shares in the company", + "Gift Hold-Over Relief | Pay no Capital Gains Tax if you give away a business asset - the person you gave it to pays tax when they sell it | You used the business asset for trading as a sole trader or partner", + "

    Tax relief when you sell your home

    ", + "

    You normally get Private Residence Relief when you sell or dispose of your main home, meaning you do not pay any Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve used any part of your home just for business, you have to pay Capital Gains Tax on that part when you sell your home.

    ", + "

    Disincorporation relief

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim Disincorporation Relief if you become a partnership or sole trader having been a limited company.

    ", + "

    If you acquire the company\u2019s assets when it changes its business structure, you may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell or dispose of them later - you\u2019ll use their value, including any Disincorporation Relief, when you acquired them.

    ", + "

    You can get help from an accountant or tax adviser.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Cash basis", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-cash-basis", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    \u2018Cash basis\u2019 is a way to work out your income and expenses for your Self Assessment tax return, if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner.

    ", + "

    Why use cash basis

    ", + "

    If you run a small business, cash basis accounting may suit you better than traditional accounting.

    ", + "

    This is because you only need to declare money when it comes in and out of your business. At the end of the tax year, you won\u2019t have to pay Income Tax on money you didn\u2019t receive in your accounting period.

    ", + "

    When cash basis might not suit your business

    ", + "

    Cash basis probably won\u2019t suit you if you:

    ", + "
  • want to claim interest or bank charges of more than \u00a3500 as an expense
    • ", + "
  • run a business that\u2019s more complex, for example you have high levels of stock
    • ", + "
  • need to get finance for your business - a bank could ask to see accounts drawn up using traditional accounting to see what you owe and are due before agreeing a loan
    • ", + "
  • have losses that you want to offset against other taxable income (\u2018sideways loss relief\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Talk to a tax professional (such as an accountant) or legal adviser if you need help.

    ", + "

    Find out if you\u2019re eligible to use cash basis.

    ", + "

    Who can use cash basis

    ", + "

    You can use cash basis if you:

    ", + "
  • run a small self-employed business, for example sole trader or partnership
    • ", + "
  • have a turnover of \u00a3150,000 or less a year
    • ", + "

    If you have more than one business, you must use cash basis for all your businesses. The combined turnover from your businesses must be less than \u00a3150,000.

    ", + "

    If you use cash basis and your business grows during the tax year

    ", + "

    You can stay in the scheme up to a total business turnover of \u00a3300,000 per year. Above that, you\u2019ll need to use traditional accounting for your next tax return.

    ", + "

    Who can\u2019t use the scheme

    ", + "

    Limited companies and limited liability partnerships can\u2019t use cash basis.

    ", + "

    There are also some specific types of businesses that can\u2019t use the scheme:

    ", + "
  • Lloyd\u2019s underwriters
    • ", + "
  • farming businesses with a current herd basis election
    • ", + "
  • farming and creative businesses with a section 221 ITTOIA profit averaging election
    • ", + "
  • businesses that have claimed business premises renovation allowance
    • ", + "
  • businesses that carry on a mineral extraction trade
    • ", + "
  • businesses that have claimed research and development allowance
    • ", + "
  • dealers in securities
    • ", + "
  • relief for mineral royalties
    • ", + "
  • lease premiums
    • ", + "
  • ministers of religion
    • ", + "
  • pool betting duty
    • ", + "
  • intermediaries treated as making employment payments
    • ", + "
  • managed service companies
    • ", + "
  • waste disposal
    • ", + "
  • cemeteries and crematoria
    • ", + "

    If you can\u2019t use cash basis, you\u2019ll need to use traditional accounting to work out your taxable profits.

    ", + "

    Getting started

    ", + "

    At the end of the tax year, work out your taxable profit from your cash basis income and expenses records.

    ", + "

    Tick the cash basis box on the form when you send your return.

    ", + "

    You can use cash basis for the 2013 to 2014 tax year onwards. If you\u2019re sending a late tax return for tax years before this, you\u2019ll need to use traditional accounting when working out your accounts.

    ", + "

    Changing from traditional accounting to cash basis

    ", + "

    Existing businesses using traditional accounting might have to make some adjustments when they switch to cash basis.

    ", + "

    Talk to a tax professional (such as an accountant) or legal adviser if you need help.

    ", + "

    How to record income and expenses

    ", + "

    You must keep records of all business income and expenses to work out your profit for your tax return.

    ", + "

    Income

    ", + "

    With cash basis, only record income you actually received in a tax year. Don\u2019t count any money you\u2019re owed but haven\u2019t yet received.

    ", + "

    You can choose how you record when money is received or paid (for example the date the money enters your account or the date a cheque is written) but you must use the same method each tax year.

    ", + "

    All payments count - cash, card, cheque, payment in kind or any other method.

    ", + "

    Expenses

    ", + "

    Expenses are business costs you can deduct from your income to calculate your taxable profit. In practice, this means your allowable expenses reduce your Income Tax.

    ", + "

    Only count the expenses you\u2019ve actually paid. Money you owe isn\u2019t counted until you pay it.

    ", + "

    Examples of allowable business expenses if you\u2019re using cash basis are:

    ", + "
  • day to day running costs, such as electricity, fuel
    • ", + "
  • admin costs, for example stationery
    • ", + "
  • things you use in your business, such as machinery, computers, vans
    • ", + "
  • interest and charges up to \u00a3500, for example interest on bank overdrafts
    • ", + "
  • buying goods for resale
    • ", + "

    You can check what else counts as an allowable expense.

    ", + "

    For the 2013 to 2014 tax year onwards you can also choose to use the simplified expenses scheme instead of calculating expenses for:

    ", + "
  • running a vehicle
    • ", + "
  • working from home
    • ", + "
  • making adjustments for living on your business premises
    • ", + "

    Cars and other equipment

    ", + "

    If you buy a car for your business, you can claim the purchase as a capital allowance (but only if you\u2019re not using simplified expenses to work out your business expenses for that vehicle).

    ", + "

    Unlike traditional accounting, you claim other equipment you buy to keep and use in your business as a normal allowable business expense rather than as a capital allowance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re currently claiming capital allowances and want to switch to cash basis, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) have guidance on the changes you need to make.

    ", + "

    Keep your records

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to send your records to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) when you send in your tax return but you need to keep them in case they ask to check them.

    ", + "

    VAT registered businesses

    ", + "

    You can start to use cash basis if you\u2019re VAT registered as long as your income is \u00a3150,000 or less during the tax year.

    ", + "

    You can record your business income and expenses either excluding or including VAT. However, you must treat income and expenses the same way.

    ", + "

    If you choose to include VAT, you have to record:

    ", + "
  • VAT payments you make to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as expenses
    • ", + "
  • VAT repayments you receive from HMRC as income
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Charities and tax", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charities-and-tax", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As a charity you can get certain tax reliefs. To benefit you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Charities do not pay tax on most types of income as long as they use the money for charitable purposes.

    ", + "

    You can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on bank interest and donations (this is known as Gift Aid).

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    When you need to pay tax

    ", + "

    Your charity may need to pay tax if you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • received income that does not qualify for tax relief
    • ", + "
  • spent any of your income on non-charitable purposes
    • ", + "

    You need to complete a tax return if your charity has tax to pay.

    ", + "

    Community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) get different tax reliefs.

    ", + "

    Tax reliefs for charities

    ", + "

    As a charity you do not pay tax on most of your income and gains if you use it for charitable purposes - this is known as \u2018charitable expenditure\u2019.

    ", + "

    This includes tax:

    ", + "
  • on donations
    • ", + "
  • on profits from trading
    • ", + "
  • on rental or investment income, for example bank interest
    • ", + "
  • on profits when you sell or \u2018dispose of\u2019 an asset, like property or shares
    • ", + "
  • when you buy property
    • ", + "

    To get tax relief you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) get different tax reliefs.

    ", + "

    When you do pay tax

    ", + "

    Charities pay tax on:

    ", + "
  • dividends received from UK companies before 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • profits from developing land or property
    • ", + "
  • purchases - but there are special VAT rules for charities
    • ", + "

    Charities pay business rates on non-domestic buildings, but they get an 80% discount.

    ", + "

    You must pay tax on any money you do not use for charitable purposes. This is known as \u2018non-charitable expenditure\u2019.

    ", + "

    Pay tax

    ", + "

    You must complete a tax return if your charity needs to pay tax or if HMRC asks you to.

    ", + "

    Reclaim tax

    ", + "

    You can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on:

    ", + "
  • donations (this is known as Gift Aid)
    • ", + "
  • bank interest
    • ", + "

    Get recognition for tax purposes

    ", + "

    To get tax relief your charity must be:

    ", + "
  • based in the UK, EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Norway
    • ", + "
  • established for charitable purposes only
    • ", + "
  • registered with the Charity Commission or another regulator, if this applies to you
    • ", + "
  • run by \u2018fit and proper persons\u2019
    • ", + "
  • recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "

    Apply for recognition

    ", + "

    Register your charity\u2019s details using HMRC\u2019s online service.

    ", + "

    Reclaim tax

    ", + "

    If you receive income with tax deducted, for example donations you can claim Gift Aid on, you can claim it back:

    ", + "
  • online, using the Charities Online service
    • ", + "
  • through software that works with Charities Online
    • ", + "
  • by post, using form ChR1 - call the helpline to order it
    • ", + "

    Bank interest

    ", + "

    You can arrange to receive interest without tax deducted. Show your bank your letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    If tax has already been taken from your interest you can claim it back for:

    ", + "
  • the current tax year by asking your bank
    • ", + "
  • previous tax years by claiming it from HMRC
    • ", + "

    Pay tax

    ", + "

    If your charity has income that does not qualify for tax relief you must complete a tax return.

    ", + "

    If you have no tax to pay, complete a tax return only if HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) asks you to.

    ", + "

    If your charity\u2019s income is over \u00a310,000 you must submit an annual return to the Charity Commission.

    ", + "

    Company Tax Returns

    ", + "

    Complete a Company Tax Return if your charity is a limited company or unincorporated association. Include the supplementary pages for charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs).

    ", + "

    A charity is a limited company if it was set up by a:

    ", + "
  • constitution
    • ", + "
  • memorandum and articles of association
    • ", + "
  • royal charter or Act of Parliament
    • ", + "

    Limited companies must also send annual accounts to Companies House.

    ", + "

    Trusts

    ", + "

    Complete a Trust and Estate Self Assessment tax return if your charity is a trust. A charity is a trust if it was set up by a trust deed or will.

    ", + "

    Penalties and deadlines

    ", + "

    You must complete a tax return when HMRC asks you to, even if no tax is due.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a penalty if your tax return is late or you do not complete one when you should.

    ", + "

    The deadline depends on whether you complete a Company Tax Return or a Self Assessment tax return.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claim capital allowances", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-allowances", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can claim capital allowances when you buy assets that you keep to use in your business, for example:

    ", + "
  • equipment
    • ", + "
  • machinery
    • ", + "
  • business vehicles, for example cars, vans or lorries
    • ", + "

    These are known as plant and machinery.

    ", + "

    You can deduct some or all of the value of the item from your profits before you pay tax.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and have an income of \u00a3150,000 or less a year, you may be able to use a simpler system called cash basis instead.

    ", + "

    Work out the value of your item

    ", + "

    In most cases, the value is what you paid for the item. Use the market value (the amount you\u2019d expect to sell it for) instead if:

    ", + "
  • you owned it before you started using it in your business
    • ", + "
  • it was a gift
    • ", + "

    Other business costs

    ", + "

    You claim for the cost of things that are not business assets in a different way. This includes:

    ", + "
  • your business\u2019s day-to-day running costs
    • ", + "
  • items that it\u2019s your trade to buy and sell
    • ", + "
  • interest payments or finance costs for buying assets
    • ", + "

    Claim these costs as business expenses if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner, or deduct from your profits as a business cost if you\u2019re a limited company.

    ", + "

    Other capital allowances

    ", + "

    As well as plant and machinery, you can also claim capital allowances for:

    ", + "
  • renovating business premises in disadvantaged areas of the UK
    • ", + "
  • extracting minerals
    • ", + "
  • research and development
    • ", + "
  • \u2018know-how\u2019 (intellectual property about industrial techniques)
    • ", + "
  • patents
    • ", + "
  • dredging
    • ", + "
  • structure and buildings
    • ", + "

    If you let out residential property

    ", + "

    You can only claim for items in residential property if your business qualifies as a furnished holiday lettings business. In each year the property must be:

    ", + "
  • available for holiday letting for 210 days
    • ", + "
  • let for 105 days or more
    • ", + "

    What you can claim on

    ", + "

    You can claim capital allowances on items that you keep to use in your business - these are known as \u2018plant and machinery\u2019.

    ", + "

    In most cases you can deduct the full cost of these items from your profits before tax using annual investment allowance (AIA).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and have an income of \u00a3150,000 or less a year, you may be able to use a simpler system called cash basis instead.

    ", + "

    What does not count as plant and machinery

    ", + "

    You cannot claim capital allowances on:

    ", + "
  • things you lease - you must own them
    • ", + "
  • buildings, including doors, gates, shutters, mains water and gas systems
    • ", + "
  • land and structures, for example bridges, roads, docks
    • ", + "
  • items used only for business entertainment, for example a yacht or karaoke machine
    • ", + "

    What counts as plant and machinery

    ", + "

    Plant and machinery includes:

    ", + "
  • items that you keep to use in your business, including cars
    • ", + "
  • costs of demolishing plant and machinery
    • ", + "
  • parts of a building considered integral, known as \u2018integral features\u2019
    • ", + "
  • some fixtures, for example fitted kitchens or bathroom suites
    • ", + "
  • alterations to a building to install other plant and machinery - this does not include repairs
    • ", + "

    Claim repairs as business expenses if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner - deduct from your profits as a business cost if you\u2019re a limited company.

    ", + "

    Integral features

    ", + "

    Integral features are:

    ", + "
  • lifts, escalators and moving walkways
    • ", + "
  • space and water heating systems
    • ", + "
  • air-conditioning and air cooling systems
    • ", + "
  • hot and cold water systems (but not toilet and kitchen facilities)
    • ", + "
  • electrical systems, including lighting systems
    • ", + "
  • external solar shading
    • ", + "

    Fixtures

    ", + "

    You can claim for fixtures, for example:

    ", + "
  • fitted kitchens
    • ", + "
  • bathroom suites
    • ", + "
  • fire alarm and CCTV systems
    • ", + "

    You can claim if you rent or own the building, but only the person who bought the item can claim.

    ", + "

    When you buy a building from a previous business owner you can only claim for integral features and fixtures that they claimed for.

    ", + "

    You must agree the value of the fixtures with the seller. If you do not you cannot claim for them. Agreeing the value also means the person selling the assets can account correctly for them.

    ", + "

    If you let residential property

    ", + "

    You can only claim for items in residential property if either:

    ", + "
  • you run a furnished holiday lettings business
    • ", + "
  • the item is in the common parts of a residential building, for example a table in the hallway of a block of flats
    • ", + "

    Care workers

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you run a care business.

    ", + "

    Annual investment allowance

    ", + "

    You can deduct the full value of an item that qualifies for annual investment allowance (AIA) from your profits before tax.

    ", + "

    If you sell the item after claiming AIA you may need to pay tax.

    ", + "

    What you can claim on

    ", + "

    You can claim AIA on most plant and machinery up to the AIA amount.

    ", + "

    What you cannot claim on

    ", + "

    You cannot claim AIA on:

    ", + "
  • cars
    • ", + "
  • items you owned for another reason before you started using them in your business
    • ", + "
  • items given to you or your business
    • ", + "

    Claim writing down allowances instead.

    ", + "

    The AIA amount

    ", + "

    The AIA amount has temporarily increased to \u00a31 million between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    Changes to the AIA

    ", + "

    The\u00a0AIA\u00a0amount has changed several times since April 2008.

    ", + "

    If the AIA changed in the period you\u2019re claiming for, you need to adjust the amount you can claim.

    ", + "AIA | Sole traders/partners | Limited companies", + "1 million | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020 | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020", + "\u00a3200,000 | 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2018 | 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2018", + "\u00a3500,000 | 6 April 2014 - 31 December 2015 | 1 April 2014 - 31 December 2015", + "\u00a3250,000 | 1 January 2013 - 5 April 2014 | 1 January 2013 - 31 March 2014", + "\u00a325,000 | 6 April 2012 - 31 December 2012 | 1 April 2012 - 31 December 2012", + "\u00a3100,000 | 6 April 2010 - 5 April 2012 | 1 April 2010 - 31 March 2012", + "\u00a350,000 | 6 April 2008 - 5 April 2010 | 1 April 2008 - 31 March 2010", + "

    You get a new allowance for each accounting period.

    ", + "

    If your accounting period is more or less than 12 months

    ", + "

    Adjust your AIA if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if your accounting period is longer than 18 months or you have a gap or overlap between accounting periods.

    ", + "

    When you can claim

    ", + "

    You can only claim AIA in the period you bought the item.

    ", + "

    The date you bought it is:

    ", + "
  • when you signed the contract, if payment is due within less than 4 months
    • ", + "
  • when payment\u2019s due, if it\u2019s due more than 4 months later
    • ", + "

    If you buy something under a hire purchase contract you can claim for the payments you have not made yet when you start using the item. You cannot claim on the interest payments.

    ", + "

    If your business closes, you cannot claim AIA for items bought in the final accounting period.

    ", + "

    If you do not want to claim the full cost

    ", + "

    If you do not want to claim the full cost, for example you have low profits, you can claim:

    ", + "
  • writing down allowances instead
    • ", + "
  • part of the cost as AIA and part as writing down allowances
    • ", + "

    Items you also use outside your business

    ", + "

    You cannot claim the full value of items you also use outside your business if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner. Reduce the capital allowances you claim by the amount you use the asset outside your business.

    ", + "

    If you spend more than the AIA amount

    ", + "

    Claim writing down allowances on any amount above the AIA. If a single item takes you above the AIA amount you can split the value between the types of allowance.

    ", + "

    Mixed partnerships

    ", + "

    AIA is not available for partnerships where one of the partners is a company or another partnership.

    ", + "

    More than one business or trade

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner and you have more than one business or trade, each business usually gets an AIA.

    ", + "

    You only get one AIA if the businesses are both:

    ", + "
  • controlled by the same person
    • ", + "
  • in the same premises or have similar activities
    • ", + "

    If 2 or more limited companies are controlled by the same person they only get one AIA between them. They can choose how to share the AIA.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Claim on your tax return.

    ", + "

    First year allowances

    ", + "

    If you buy an asset that qualifies for first year allowances you can deduct the full cost from your profits before tax.

    ", + "

    You can claim first year allowances in addition to annual investment allowance - they do not count towards your AIA limit.

    ", + "

    What qualifies

    ", + "

    You can claim \u2018enhanced capital allowances\u2019 (a type of first year allowances) for the following energy and water efficient equipment:

    ", + "
  • some cars with low CO2 emissions
    • ", + "
  • energy saving equipment that\u2019s on the energy technology product list, for example certain motors
    • ", + "
  • water saving equipment that\u2019s on the water efficient technologies product list, for example meters, efficient toilets and taps
    • ", + "
  • plant and machinery for gas refuelling stations, for example storage tanks, pumps
    • ", + "
  • gas, biogas and hydrogen refuelling equipment
    • ", + "
  • new zero-emission goods vehicles
    • ", + "

    You cannot normally claim on items your business buys to lease to other people or for use within a home you let out.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Claim on your tax return.

    ", + "

    If you do not claim all the first year allowances you\u2019re entitled to, you can claim part of the cost in the next accounting period using writing down allowances.

    ", + "

    Business cars

    ", + "

    You can claim capital allowances on cars you buy and use in your business. This means you can deduct part of the value from your profits before you pay tax.

    ", + "

    Use writing down allowances to work out what you can claim - cars do not qualify for annual investment allowance (AIA).

    ", + "

    Sole traders and partners

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner you can claim simplified mileage expenses on business vehicles instead - as long as you have not already claimed for them in another way.

    ", + "

    Employees

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employee you cannot claim capital allowances for cars, motorbikes and bicycles you use for work, but you may be able to claim for business mileage and fuel costs.

    ", + "

    What counts as a car

    ", + "

    For capital allowances a car is a type of vehicle that:

    ", + "
  • is suitable for private use - this includes motorhomes
    • ", + "
  • most people use privately
    • ", + "
  • was not built for transporting goods
    • ", + "

    What does not count

    ", + "

    Because they do not count as cars you can claim AIA on:

    ", + "
  • motorcycles - apart from those bought before 6 April 2009
    • ", + "
  • lorries, vans and trucks
    • ", + "

    Rates for cars

    ", + "

    The rate you can claim depends on the CO2 emissions of your car and the date you bought it.

    ", + "

    The main and special rates apply from 1 April for limited companies, and 6 April for sole traders and partners. The first year allowances rate applies from 1 April for all businesses.

    ", + "

    Cars bought from April 2021

    ", + "Description of car | What you can claim", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are 0g/km (or car is electric) | First year allowances", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 1g/km and 50g/km | Main rate allowances", + "Second hand, CO2 emissions are between 1g/km and 50g/km (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances", + "New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 50g/km | Special rate allowances", + "

    Cars bought between April 2018 and April 2021

    ", + "Description of car | What you can claim", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are 50g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 50g/km and 110g/km | Main rate allowances", + "Second hand, CO2 emissions are 110g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances", + "New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 110g/km | Special rate allowances", + "

    Cars bought between April 2015 and April 2018

    ", + "Description of car | What you can claim", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are 75g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 75g/km and 130g/km | Main rate allowances", + "Second hand, CO2 emissions are 130g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances", + "New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 130g/km | Special rate allowances", + "

    Cars bought between April 2013 and April 2015

    ", + "Description of car | What you can claim", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are 95g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 95g/km and 130g/km | Main rate allowances", + "Second hand, CO2 emissions are 130g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances", + "New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 130g/km | Special rate allowances", + "

    Cars bought between April 2009 and April 2013

    ", + "Description of car | What you can claim", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are 110g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 110g/km and 160g/km | Main rate allowances", + "Second hand, CO2 emissions are 160g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances", + "New or second hand, CO2 emissions above 160g/km | Special rate allowances", + "

    Move the balance of any cars bought before April 2009 to your main rate allowances pool.

    ", + "

    If your car does not have an emissions figure use the special rate - use the main rate if it was registered before 1 March 2001.

    ", + "

    Using cars outside your business

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and you also use your car outside your business, calculate how much you can claim based on the amount of business use.

    ", + "

    If your business provides a car for an employee or director you can claim capital allowances on the full cost. You may need to report it as a benefit if they use it personally.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve worked out your capital allowances, claim on your:

    ", + "
  • Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader
    • ", + "
  • partnership tax return if you\u2019re a partner
    • ", + "
  • Company Tax Return if you\u2019re a limited company - you must include a separate capital allowances calculation
    • ", + "

    Employees must claim in a different way.

    ", + "

    The amount you can claim is deducted from your profits.

    ", + "

    When you can claim

    ", + "

    You must claim in the accounting period you bought the item if you want to claim the full value under:

    ", + "
  • annual investment allowance
    • ", + "
  • first year allowances
    • ", + "

    If you do not want to claim the full value you can claim part of it using writing down allowances. You can do this at any time as long as you still own the item.

    ", + "

    When you bought it

    ", + "

    The date you bought it is:

    ", + "
  • when you signed the contract, if payment is due within less than 4 months
    • ", + "
  • when payment\u2019s due, if it\u2019s due more than 4 months later
    • ", + "

    If you buy something under a hire purchase contract you can claim for the payments you have not made yet when you start using the item. You cannot claim on the interest payments.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Company Tax Returns", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-tax-returns", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your company or association must file a Company Tax Return if you get a \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019 from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You must still send a return if you make a loss or have no Corporation Tax to pay.

    ", + "

    You do not send a Company Tax Return if you\u2019re self-employed as a sole trader or in a partnership - but you must send a Self Assessment return.

    ", + "

    What it involves

    ", + "

    When you file your tax return, you work out your:

    ", + "
  • profit or loss for Corporation Tax (this is different from the profit or loss shown in your annual accounts)
    • ", + "
  • Corporation Tax bill
    • ", + "

    You can either get an accountant to prepare and file your tax return or do it yourself.

    ", + "

    If you have a limited company, you may be able to file your accounts with Companies House at the same time as your tax return.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    The deadline for your tax return is 12 months after the end of the accounting period it covers. You\u2019ll have to pay a penalty if you miss the deadline.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate deadline to pay your Corporation Tax bill. It\u2019s usually 9 months and one day after the end of the accounting period.

    ", + "

    Penalties for late filing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay penalties if you do not file your Company Tax Return by the deadline.

    ", + "Time after your deadline | Penalty", + "1 day | \u00a3100", + "3 months | Another \u00a3100", + "6 months | HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will estimate your Corporation Tax bill and add a penalty of 10% the unpaid tax", + "12 months | Another 10% of any unpaid tax", + "

    If your tax return is late 3 times in a row, the \u00a3100 penalties are increased to \u00a3500 each.

    ", + "

    If your tax return is more than 6 months late

    ", + "

    If your tax return is 6 months late, HMRC will write telling you how much Corporation Tax they think you must pay. This is called a \u2018tax determination\u2019. You cannot appeal against it.

    ", + "

    You must pay the Corporation Tax due and file your tax return. HMRC will recalculate the interest and penalties you need to pay.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    If you have a reasonable excuse, you can appeal against a late filing penalty by writing to your company\u2019s Corporation Tax office.

    ", + "

    Check recent tax forms or letters from HMRC for your Corporation Tax office address or call the Corporation Tax helpline.

    ", + "

    Making changes

    ", + "

    You must usually make any changes (\u2018amendments\u2019) within 12 months of the filing deadline.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • log in to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online services to amend your Company Tax Return
    • ", + "
  • use commercial software
    • ", + "
  • send a paper return or write to your company\u2019s Corporation Tax office
    • ", + "

    Check recent tax forms or letters from HMRC for the Corporation Tax office address or call the helpline.

    ", + "

    HMRC may charge you a penalty for errors.

    ", + "

    HMRC can make a compliance check to check for errors in your Company Tax Return.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Corporation Tax when you sell business assets", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-when-your-company-sells-assets", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your limited company usually pays Corporation Tax on the profit (\u2018chargeable gain\u2019) from selling or disposing of an asset.

    ", + "

    Company assets

    ", + "

    Assets are things your company owns, such as:

    ", + "
  • land and property
    • ", + "
  • equipment and machinery
    • ", + "
  • shares
    • ", + "

    Who pays Corporation Tax

    ", + "

    Corporation Tax on chargeable gains is paid by:

    ", + "
  • limited companies
    • ", + "
  • most unincorporated associations, for example clubs and co-operatives
    • ", + "
  • foreign companies with a UK branch or office
    • ", + "

    You pay Capital Gains Tax instead if you\u2019re a self-employed sole trader or business partner.

    ", + "

    Work out and report your gain

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.

    ", + "

    Report your gains to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) when you file your Company Tax Return. How much tax you pay depends on any allowances and reliefs you claim.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for intangible assets, for example intellectual property and business reputation (\u2018goodwill\u2019).

    ", + "

    Work out a chargeable gain

    ", + "

    The gain is usually the difference between what you paid for the asset and what you sold it for.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use the asset\u2019s market value if your business gave it away, or sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer.

    ", + "

    You can deduct any costs, for example solicitors\u2019 fees or Stamp Duty.

    ", + "

    If you had the asset before December 2017

    ", + "

    Before you work out your gain you need to work out how much you would have paid for the asset in today\u2019s money using the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Indexation Allowance.

    ", + "

    This will make your gain smaller and mean you pay less tax.

    ", + "

    How to work out the gain

    ", + "
  • Work out the asset\u2019s value when it was sold - this is usually the amount your company received.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct the amount your company paid for the asset. If it was not acquired in a normal commercial transaction you need to use the market value at the time.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct any money your company spent buying, selling or improving the asset, for example solicitors\u2019 fees and Stamp Duty. (You cannot deduct maintenance costs.)
    • ", + "
  • If you had the asset before December 2017, use HMRC\u2019s Indexation Allowance December 2017 guide for the month when your company sold the asset. Then find the figure (\u2018inflation factor\u2019) for the year and month when your company bought the asset. Multiply this by the amount you paid for the asset. Deduct the total from your profit.
    • ", + "
  • If you made improvements to the asset, work out the effects of inflation in the same way. Deduct the total from your profit.
    • ", + "

    You now have your chargeable gain. You can ask HMRC to check your valuation by filling in a post-transaction valuation check form. Return it to the address on the form and allow at least 3 months for HMRC\u2019s response.

    ", + "

    If you make a loss when you sell an asset

    ", + "

    You can reduce your total chargeable gains by deducting any capital losses.

    ", + "

    You can only deduct capital losses from your chargeable gains - not from trading income or other profits.

    ", + "

    The loss you can claim is reduced by any amount you\u2019ve claimed as capital allowances.

    ", + "

    Intangible assets

    ", + "

    \u2018Intangible assets\u2019 include intellectual property and business reputation (\u2018goodwill\u2019).

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re taxed on gains from intangible assets depends on when your limited company first owned them.

    ", + "

    After 31 March 2002

    ", + "

    Include gains on intangible assets in your company\u2019s business income (\u2018trading profits\u2019) if your company acquired or created them after 31 March 2002. You pay Corporation Tax on trading profits.

    ", + "

    Before 1 April 2002

    ", + "

    Use the detailed guidance to work out gains on intangible assets or get help from a professional, like an accountant.

    ", + "

    If your company\u2019s intangible assets came from a change in business structure (for example from a business partnership or self-employed sole trader), use the date the assets were acquired or created before the structure change.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Dormant companies and associations", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dormant-company", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your company or association may be \u2018dormant\u2019 if it\u2019s not doing business (\u2018trading\u2019) and doesn\u2019t have any other income, for example investments.

    ", + "

    Dormant means different things for:

    ", + "
  • Corporation Tax and Company Tax Returns
    • ", + "
  • annual accounts and returns for Companies House if you have a limited company
    • ", + "

    Dormant for Corporation Tax

    ", + "

    Your company is usually dormant for Corporation Tax if it:

    ", + "
  • has stopped trading and has no other income, for example investments
    • ", + "
  • is a new limited company that hasn\u2019t started trading
    • ", + "
  • is an unincorporated association or club owing less than \u00a3100 Corporation Tax
    • ", + "
  • is a flat management company
    • ", + "

    Trading includes buying, selling, renting property, advertising, employing someone or getting interest. HMRC has detailed guidance on what counts as dormant for Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    When HMRC thinks your company is dormant

    ", + "

    You may get a letter from HMRC telling you:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve decided to treat your company or association as dormant
    • ", + "
  • that you don\u2019t have to pay Corporation Tax or file Company Tax Returns
    • ", + "

    When you think your company is dormant

    ", + "

    If your company has stopped trading and has no other income, you can tell HMRC that it\u2019s dormant for Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve never had a \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019

    ", + "

    You can tell HMRC your company\u2019s dormant over the phone or by post.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve filed a Company Tax Return or had a \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to file a Company Tax Return online - this will show HMRC that your company is dormant for this period.

    ", + "

    Limited companies

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to pay Corporation Tax or file another Company Tax Return once you\u2019ve told HMRC your company is dormant unless you receive a further notice to deliver a Company Tax Return.

    ", + "

    You must still file annual accounts and a confirmation statement (previously annual return) - exactly what you must do depends on if you\u2019re dormant for Companies House.

    ", + "

    Find out how to restart your company.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered for VAT

    ", + "

    If you do not intend to trade again you must deregister for VAT within 30 days of your company becoming dormant.

    ", + "

    However, if you plan to restart trading, you must send \u2018nil\u2019 (empty) VAT returns while your company is dormant.

    ", + "

    If you employ people

    ", + "

    If you do not plan to restart trading in this tax year, you should close your PAYE scheme.

    ", + "

    Dormant for Companies House

    ", + "

    You must file your confirmation statement (previously annual return) and annual accounts with Companies House even if your limited company is:

    ", + "
  • dormant for Corporation Tax
    • ", + "
  • dormant according to Companies House
    • ", + "

    But if your company is dormant according to Companies House and also qualifies as \u2018small\u2019 you:

    ", + "
  • can file \u2018dormant accounts\u2019 instead
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t have to include an auditor\u2019s report with your accounts
    • ", + "

    Check what to include in your accounts if your company is small and dormant for Companies House.

    ", + "

    Dormant according to Companies House

    ", + "

    Your company is called dormant by Companies House if it\u2019s had no \u2018significant\u2019 transactions in the financial year.

    ", + "

    Significant transactions don\u2019t include:

    ", + "
  • filing fees paid to Companies House
    • ", + "
  • penalties for late filing of accounts
    • ", + "
  • money paid for shares when the company was incorporated
    • ", + "

    You do not need to tell Companies House if you restart trading. The next set of non-dormant accounts that you file will show that your company is no longer dormant.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Expenses if you're self-employed", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/expenses-if-youre-self-employed", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed, your business will have various running costs. You can deduct some of these costs to work out your taxable profit as long as they\u2019re allowable expenses.

    ", + "

    Allowable expenses do not include money taken from your business to pay for private purchases.

    ", + "

    If you run your own limited company, you need to follow different rules. You can deduct any business costs from your profits before tax. You must report any item you make personal use of as a company benefit.

    ", + "

    Costs you can claim as allowable expenses

    ", + "

    These include:

    ", + "
  • office costs, for example stationery or phone bills
    • ", + "
  • travel costs, for example fuel, parking, train or bus fares
    • ", + "
  • clothing expenses, for example uniforms
    • ", + "
  • staff costs, for example salaries or subcontractor costs
    • ", + "
  • things you buy to sell on, for example stock or raw materials
    • ", + "
  • financial costs, for example insurance or bank charges
    • ", + "
  • costs of your business premises, for example heating, lighting, business rates
    • ", + "
  • advertising or marketing, for example website costs
    • ", + "
  • training courses related to your business, for example refresher courses
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim expenses if you use your \u00a31,000 tax-free \u2018trading allowance\u2019.

    ", + "

    Contact the Self Assessment helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether a business cost is an allowable expense.

    ", + "

    Costs you can claim as capital allowances

    ", + "

    If you use traditional accounting, claim capital allowances when you buy something you keep to use in your business, for example:

    ", + "
  • equipment
    • ", + "
  • machinery
    • ", + "
  • business vehicles, for example cars, vans, lorries
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim capital allowances if you use your \u00a31,000 tax-free \u2018trading allowance\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you use cash basis

    ", + "

    If you use cash basis accounting and buy a car for your business, you can claim this as a capital allowance. However, all other items you buy and keep for your business should be claimed as allowable expenses in the normal way.

    ", + "

    If you use something for both business and personal reasons

    ", + "

    You can only claim allowable expenses for the business costs.

    ", + "

    If you work from home

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim a proportion of your costs for things like:

    ", + "
  • heating
    • ", + "
  • electricity
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax
    • ", + "
  • mortgage interest or rent
    • ", + "
  • internet and telephone use
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to find a reasonable method of dividing your costs, for example by the number of rooms you use for business or the amount of time you spend working from home.

    ", + "

    Simplified expenses

    ", + "

    You can avoid using complex calculations to work out your business expenses by using simplified expenses. Simplified expenses are flat rates that can be used for:

    ", + "
  • vehicles
    • ", + "
  • working from home
    • ", + "
  • living on your business premises
    • ", + "

    Office, property and equipment

    ", + "

    Claim items you\u2019d normally use for less than 2 years as allowable expenses, for example:

    ", + "
  • stationery
    • ", + "
  • rent, rates, power and insurance costs
    • ", + "

    For equipment you keep to use in your business, for example computers or printers, claim:

    ", + "
  • allowable expenses if you use cash basis accounting
    • ", + "
  • capital allowances if you use traditional accounting
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for any non-business use of premises, phones or other office resources.

    ", + "

    Stationery

    ", + "

    You can claim expenses for:

    ", + "
  • phone, mobile, fax and internet bills
    • ", + "
  • postage
    • ", + "
  • stationery
    • ", + "
  • printing
    • ", + "
  • printer ink and cartridges
    • ", + "
  • computer software your business uses for less than 2 years
    • ", + "
  • computer software if your business makes regular payments to renew the licence (even if you use it for more than 2 years)
    • ", + "

    Claim other software for your business as capital allowances, unless you use cash basis.

    ", + "

    Rents, rates, power and insurance costs

    ", + "

    You can claim expenses for:

    ", + "
  • rent for business premises
    • ", + "
  • business and water rates
    • ", + "
  • utility bills
    • ", + "
  • property insurance
    • ", + "
  • security
    • ", + "
  • using your home as an office (only the part that\u2019s used for business)
    • ", + "

    Business premises

    ", + "

    You cannot claim expenses or allowances for buying building premises.

    ", + "

    Claim expenses for repairs and maintenance of business premises and equipment.

    ", + "

    For alterations to install or replace equipment, claim:

    ", + "
  • allowable expenses if you use cash basis accounting
    • ", + "
  • capital allowances if you use traditional accounting
    • ", + "

    You can also claim capital allowances for some integral parts of a building, for example water heating systems.

    ", + "

    Car, van and travel expenses

    ", + "

    You can claim allowable business expenses for:

    ", + "
  • vehicle insurance
    • ", + "
  • repairs and servicing
    • ", + "
  • fuel
    • ", + "
  • parking
    • ", + "
  • hire charges
    • ", + "
  • vehicle licence fees
    • ", + "
  • breakdown cover
    • ", + "
  • train, bus, air and taxi fares
    • ", + "
  • hotel rooms
    • ", + "
  • meals on overnight business trips
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • non-business driving or travel costs
    • ", + "
  • fines
    • ", + "
  • travel between home and work
    • ", + "

    You may be able to calculate your car, van or motorcycle expenses using a flat rate (known as simplified expenses) for mileage instead of the actual costs of buying and running your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Buying vehicles

    ", + "

    If you use traditional accounting and buy a vehicle for your business, you can claim this as a capital allowance.

    ", + "

    If you use cash basis accounting and buy a car for your business, claim this as a capital allowance as long as you\u2019re not using simplified expenses.

    ", + "

    For all other types of vehicle, claim them as allowable expenses.

    ", + "

    Clothing expenses

    ", + "

    You can claim allowable business expenses for:

    ", + "
  • uniforms
    • ", + "
  • protective clothing needed for your work
    • ", + "
  • costumes for actors or entertainers
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for everyday clothing (even if you wear it for work).

    ", + "

    Staff expenses

    ", + "

    You can claim allowable business expenses for:

    ", + "
  • employee and staff salaries
    • ", + "
  • bonuses
    • ", + "
  • pensions
    • ", + "
  • benefits
    • ", + "
  • agency fees
    • ", + "
  • subcontractors
    • ", + "
  • employer\u2019s National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • training courses related to your business
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for carers or domestic help, for example nannies.

    ", + "

    Reselling goods

    ", + "

    You can claim allowable business expenses for:

    ", + "
  • goods for resale (stock)
    • ", + "
  • raw materials
    • ", + "
  • direct costs from producing goods
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • any goods or materials bought for private use
    • ", + "
  • depreciation of equipment
    • ", + "

    Legal and financial costs

    ", + "

    Accountancy, legal and other professional fees can count as allowable business expenses.

    ", + "

    You can claim costs for:

    ", + "
  • hiring of accountants, solicitors, surveyors and architects for business reasons
    • ", + "
  • professional indemnity insurance premiums
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • legal costs of buying property and machinery - if you use traditional accounting, claim for these costs as capital allowances
    • ", + "
  • fines for breaking the law
    • ", + "

    Bank, credit card and other financial charges

    ", + "

    You can claim business costs for:

    ", + "
  • bank, overdraft and credit card charges
    • ", + "
  • interest on bank and business loans
    • ", + "
  • hire purchase interest
    • ", + "
  • leasing payments
    • ", + "
  • alternative finance payments, for example Islamic finance
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re using cash basis accounting you can only claim up to \u00a3500 in interest and bank charges.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for repayments of loans, overdrafts or finance arrangements.

    ", + "

    Insurance policies

    ", + "

    You can claim for any insurance policy for your business, for example public liability insurance.

    ", + "

    When your customer does not pay you

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using traditional accounting, you can claim for amounts of money you include in your turnover but will not ever receive (\u2018bad debts\u2019). However, you can only write off these debts if you\u2019re sure they will not be recovered from your customer in the future.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • debts not included in turnover
    • ", + "
  • debts related to the disposal of fixed assets, for example land, buildings, machinery
    • ", + "
  • bad debts that are not properly calculated, for example you can not just estimate that your debts are equal to 5% of your turnover
    • ", + "

    Bad debts cannot be claimed if you use cash basis accounting because you\u2019ve not received the money from your debtors. With cash basis, you only record income on your return that you\u2019ve actually received.

    ", + "

    Marketing, entertainment and subscriptions

    ", + "

    You can claim allowable business expenses for:

    ", + "
  • advertising in newspapers or directories
    • ", + "
  • bulk mail advertising (mailshots)
    • ", + "
  • free samples
    • ", + "
  • website costs
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • entertaining clients, suppliers and customers
    • ", + "
  • event hospitality
    • ", + "

    Subscriptions

    ", + "

    You can claim for:

    ", + "
  • trade or professional journals
    • ", + "
  • trade body or professional organisation membership if related to your business
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • payments to political parties
    • ", + "
  • gym membership fees
    • ", + "
  • donations to charity - but you may be able to claim for sponsorship payments
    • ", + "

    Training courses

    ", + "

    You can claim allowable business expenses for training that helps you improve the skills and knowledge you use in your business (for example, refresher courses).

    ", + "

    The training courses must be related to your business.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for training courses that help you:

    ", + "
  • start a new business
    • ", + "
  • expand into new areas of business, including anything related to your current business
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Keep records of all your business expenses as proof of your costs.

    ", + "

    Add up all your allowable expenses for the tax year and put the total amount on your Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    You do not need to send in proof of expenses when you submit your tax return. But you should keep proof and records so you can show them to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if asked.

    ", + "

    You must make sure your records are accurate.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Machine Games Duty", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/machine-game-duty", + "contents": [ + "

    What you pay it on

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) if there are machines that give cash prizes on your premises. You pay duty on:

    ", + "
  • slot and fruit machines, and other gaming machines
    • ", + "
  • quiz machines and other \u2018skill with prize\u2019 machines
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You do not pay it on machines where the prize is less than the cost to play, or on takings from charity events, tournaments, lottery machines or if the machine is for domestic use.

    ", + "

    Your takings from machine games will be exempt from VAT if you pay MGD.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re responsible for MGD you\u2019ll need to register, send regular returns, pay duty and keep records.

    ", + "

    Who\u2019s responsible for registering and paying

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility if you hold any of the following licences:

    ", + "
  • premises licence, for example for gambling or alcohol
    • ", + "
  • family entertainment centre gaming machine permit
    • ", + "
  • club premises certificate, a club gaming permit or club machine permit
    • ", + "
  • prize gaming permit or amusement permit
    • ", + "
  • registration certificate including a club registration certificate
    • ", + "
  • bookmaking office licence or bingo club licence
    • ", + "
  • licence to sell alcohol in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    There are different rules if you\u2019re the tenant of a pub. You\u2019re responsible for MGD, not the premises licence owner (usually the pub\u2019s owner). When you stop being the tenant, you need to cancel your registration.

    ", + "

    You are not responsible for MGD if you supply the machines, unless you also hold the licence or permit for the premises.

    ", + "

    If your premises does not have a licence, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask someone else, usually the manager or owner, to register and pay the duty.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a penalty if you do not register when you should.

    ", + "

    Register

    ", + "

    Register for Machine Games Duty (MGD) at least 14 days before you make your machines available to play.

    ", + "

    You register by adding MGD to your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) account. If you do not have one (or only have an account for personal tax), create an account as an organisation.

    ", + "

    To register for MGD, you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • any licence or permit numbers for your premises
    • ", + "
  • your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR), if you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment or Corporation Tax
    • ", + "
  • your VAT number, if you\u2019re registered for VAT
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • to know how many machines you have
    • ", + "
  • your accountant\u2019s MGD agent reference number and postcode, if you want them to file returns on your behalf
    • ", + "

    Register now

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve registered

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep accurate records to show:

    ", + "
  • how you worked out the figures for your return
    • ", + "
  • that the amount you\u2019ve paid is correct
    • ", + "

    Keep your records for 4 years as HMRC might ask to see them.

    ", + "

    If you want to file paper returns

    ", + "

    Fill in and send the registration form if you want to file paper returns.

    ", + "

    How much you pay

    ", + "

    You pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) on the total net takings from your machine games.

    ", + "

    This is what you charge to play the games minus the amount you pay as winnings, including non-cash prizes.

    ", + "

    You do not pay it on takings from charity events, tournaments, lottery machines or if the machine is for domestic use.

    ", + "

    MGD rates

    ", + " | Cost to play | Prize | Rate you pay", + "Machine type 1 - lower rate | 20 pence or less | \u00a310 or less | 5%", + "Machine type 2 - standard rate | 21 pence to \u00a35 | \u00a311 or more | 20%", + "All other machine types - higher rate | More than \u00a35 | Any | 25%", + "

    If your machine has more than one type of game, you pay the rate for the highest rated game on all takings from the machine.

    ", + "

    File your return

    ", + "

    You must file a Machine Games Duty (MGD) return every 3 months.

    ", + "

    Your return is due within 30 days of the end of the accounting period. You\u2019ll get a reminder if you included your email address when you registered online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • records of your total net takings from machine games
    • ", + "
  • details of how you worked out the figures
    • ", + "

    You still fill in a return even if you do not owe anything, or your business has not traded during this accounting period. This can be for any reason, including if you\u2019ve closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Enter \u20180\u2019 in all boxes.

    ", + "

    File your return

    ", + "

    If you chose to file using paper forms

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you paper forms when your return is due. If you do not receive them, contact the helpline.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve filed your return

    ", + "

    Pay your Machine Games Duty bill within 30 days of the end of your accounting period.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a penalty if your return or payment is late. HMRC can also charge you an estimate of what you owe.

    ", + "

    Change your details

    ", + "

    Sign in to the Machine Games Duty (MGD) service to:

    ", + "
  • change your contact address or other details
    • ", + "
  • cancel your registration if you\u2019ve stopped trading, no longer have machine games or want to be registered as part of a group of companies
    • ", + "
  • add, change or remove an authorised agent to file returns for you
    • ", + "

    You can also contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by phone or post. You\u2019ll need to tell them your registration number.

    ", + "

    Switch to file online instead of sending paper returns

    ", + "

    If you already have an HMRC online account, sign in to add the MGD service.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, register for an HMRC account and sign up for MGD.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pay Machine Games Duty", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-machine-games-duty", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must file your Machine Games Duty (MGD) return and make your payment within 30 days of the end of your accounting period. An accounting period is 3 months unless you\u2019ve arranged with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to use a different accounting period.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure you file your return and your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments, debit card or credit card).

    ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay HMRC by the deadline. You may have to pay a penalty and interest if you pay late.

    ", + "

    The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Same day or next day

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • By debit or corporate credit card online
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • At your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • By cheque through the post
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit - if you\u2019re making a single payment and you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit - if you\u2019re making a single payment and you have not set up one for HMRC before
    • ", + "

    10 working days before you file your first return

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit - if you\u2019re setting up an automatic payment (known as a \u2018variable payment plan\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Penalties for late returns

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a penalty if you miss the deadline for filing returns.

    ", + "When the penalty is applied | Penalty", + "1 day after deadline | Between \u00a3100 and \u00a3400, depending on how many late returns you\u2019ve previously filed", + "6 months after deadline | \u00a3300 or 5% of the MGD due (whichever is higher)", + "12 months after deadline | \u00a3300 or 5% of the MGD due (whichever is higher)", + "

    If you disagree with a penalty

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given a penalty and you think it\u2019s wrong, you can appeal to HMRC.

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    Make your payment to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 account.

    ", + "Account name | Sort code | Account number", + "HMRC Shipley | 08 32 10 | 12001020", + "

    Use your reference number

    ", + "

    Your payment reference is your 14-character Machine Games Duty (MGD) registration number.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find it on:

    ", + "
  • your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account
    • ", + "
  • the MGD Registration Certificate HMRC sent you
    • ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    You can only pay by Direct Debit if you\u2019ve registered for Machine Games Duty (MGD) online.

    ", + "

    Use your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to set up a Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    You can set up:

    ", + "
  • a single payment each time you file your return
    • ", + "
  • automatic payment of the duty shown on your return (known as a \u2018variable payment plan\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Single payment

    ", + "

    You can make a single one-off payment by Direct Debit online.

    ", + "

    It takes 5 working days to process a Direct Debit payment the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    ", + "

    Variable payment plan

    ", + "

    You can set up regular automatic Direct Debit payments online only. Choose a \u2018variable payment plan\u2019 when setting up your Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    It takes at least 10 working days to process a payment when you first set it up. Make sure your payment will reach HMRC before the deadline.

    ", + "

    Your payment will then be taken automatically every time it\u2019s due.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to cancel your Direct Debit if you want to change to a different payment method.

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    Use your 14-character Machine Games Duty (MGD) registration number as your \u2018charge reference\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find it on:

    ", + "
  • your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account
    • ", + "
  • the MGD Registration Certificate HMRC sent you
    • ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your Machine Games Duty bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You can only pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) at your bank or building society if you file a paper MGD return.

    ", + "

    Use the payslip HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your MGD reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (if you pay it from Monday to Friday) and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    Pay online if you want to pay by debit or credit card.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your Machine Games Duty (MGD) reference number on the back of the cheque.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find your MGD reference number on either:

    ", + "
  • the payslip HMRC sent you if you file a paper return
    • ", + "
  • your HMRC online account if you file your return online
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.

    ", + "

    If you file a paper return, send your payslip with your cheque.

    ", + "

    If you file online, send a letter including:

    ", + "
  • your name, address and telephone number
    • ", + "
  • your MGD registration number
    • ", + "
  • the amount you\u2019re paying
    • ", + "

    Do not fold or staple your cheque.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    View your HMRC online account to see if your payment has been received - it should update within 6 working days.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC no duty is due

    ", + "

    You must still file your return even if you calculate that you do not owe any Machine Games Duty (MGD). You may have to pay a penalty if you do not.

    ", + "

    If you owe a negative amount (you\u2019ve paid out more in winnings than you\u2019ve taken in playing charges), it\u2019ll be carried over to your next return and subtracted from the amount of MGD due.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pay a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) late filing penalty", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-construction-industry-scheme-cis-late-filing-penalty", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a late filing penalty notice telling you how much to pay if you\u2019ve filed your monthly return late.

    ", + "

    You must pay within 30 days of receiving the notice, or you can appeal:

    ", + "
  • through HMRC\u2019s online service
    • ", + "
  • by writing to HMRC - quote your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) and the payment reference shown on the notice
    • ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay by the deadline. The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Same or next day

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • online by debit or corporate credit card
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)
    • ", + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set up one for HMRC before)
    • ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    You can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use the 14-character Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) late filing penalty reference number from your late filing penalty notice. This number always starts with an X.

    ", + "

    Do not use your Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the 14-character Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) late filing penalty reference number from your late filing penalty notice. This number always starts with an X.

    ", + "

    Do not use your Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches their account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your late filing penalty in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    Use the payslip HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent with your late filing penalty notice.

    ", + "

    Do not use a payslip from your payment booklet because your payment will be credited to the wrong account and you may receive reminders to pay.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 14-character Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) late filing penalty reference number on the back of your cheque. You will find the reference number on your penalty notice. It always starts with an X.

    ", + "

    Do not use your Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it and not the date it reaches their account.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to set up a new Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment.

    ", + "

    You cannot use your existing Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) monthly or quarterly Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the 14-character CIS late filing penalty reference number from your late filing penalty notice. This number always starts with an X.

    ", + "

    Do not use your Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    How much time to allow

    ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 14-character Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) late filing penalty reference number on the back of the cheque. This always starts with the letter \u2018X\u2019. Do not use your Accounts Office reference number.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.

    ", + "

    Include the payslip HMRC sent you with the late filing penalty notice. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.

    ", + "

    You can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a payslip

    ", + "

    Send your cheque with a letter with these details:

    ", + "
  • company name
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • telephone number
    • ", + "
  • penalty reference number
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019re paying
    • ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    You can check your bank or building society statement to confirm the payment has left your account.

    ", + "

    If paying by cheque through the post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pay your Corporation Tax bill", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-corporation-tax", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The deadline for your payment will depend on your taxable profits.

    ", + "

    Taxable profits of up to \u00a31.5 million

    ", + "

    You must pay your Corporation Tax 9 months and 1 day after the end of your accounting period. Your accounting period is usually your financial year, but you may have 2 accounting periods in the year you set up your company.

    ", + "

    Taxable profits of more than \u00a31.5 million

    ", + "

    You must pay your Corporation Tax in instalments.

    ", + "

    Check the rules and deadlines:

    ", + "
  • if your taxable profits are between \u00a31.5 million and \u00a320 million
    • ", + "
  • if your taxable profits are more than \u00a320 million
    • ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. They may charge you interest if you do not pay on time. They\u2019ll pay you interest if you pay your tax early.

    ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Same day or next day

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • through your online bank account
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up before)
    • ", + "
  • online by debit or corporate credit card
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set one up before)
    • ", + "

    You cannot pay Corporation Tax by post.

    ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    Make an online or telephone bank transfer

    ", + "

    You can pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.

    ", + "

    The back of your payslip, sent to you by HMRC, tells you which account to use. If you\u2019re not sure, use Cumbernauld.

    ", + " | Sort code | Account number", + "HMRC Cumbernauld | 083210 | 12001039", + "HMRC Shipley | 083210 | 12001020", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    Use your 17-character Corporation Tax payslip reference for the accounting period you\u2019re paying.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find the payslip reference:

    ", + "
  • on any payslip that HMRC sent you
    • ", + "
  • through your company\u2019s HMRC online account - choose \u2018View account\u2019 then \u2018Accounting period\u2019
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas accounts

    ", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account.

    ", + " | Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC)", + "HMRC Cumbernauld | GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22", + "HMRC Shipley | GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22", + "

    Multiple payments by CHAPS

    ", + "

    Send an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single payment to cover more than one company for the same accounting period.

    ", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    Approve a payment through your online bank account

    ", + "

    You can pay your Corporation Tax bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re ready to pay, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your Corporation Tax payment.

    ", + "

    The payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay with a personal credit card.

    ", + "

    Use your 17-character Corporation Tax payslip reference for the accounting period you\u2019re paying.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find the payslip reference:

    ", + "
  • on any payslip that HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you
    • ", + "
  • through your company\u2019s HMRC online account - choose \u2018View account\u2019 then \u2018Accounting period\u2019
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your Corporation Tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use the payslip that HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sends you.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 17-character Corporation Tax payslip reference number on the back of your cheque\nfor the accounting period you\u2019re paying. You can find the reference number on the payslip sent to you by HMRC.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a payslip

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay by another method instead, for example:

    ", + "
  • debit or credit card online
    • ", + "
  • online or telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit
    • ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Set up and make changes to a Direct Debit through your company\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account.

    ", + "

    Use your 17-character Corporation Tax payslip reference for the accounting period you\u2019re paying.

    ", + "

    You can find the payslip reference:

    ", + "
  • on the payslip that HMRC sent you
    • ", + "
  • through your company\u2019s HMRC online account - choose \u2018View account\u2019 then \u2018Accounting period\u2019
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up.

    ", + "

    It should take 3 working days each time you pay once you\u2019ve already authorised a Direct Debit from HMRC.

    ", + "

    Payments will appear on your bank statements as \u2018HMRC NDDS\u2019.

    ", + "

    Payments for a group of companies

    ", + "

    If your company is in a group, you can pay Corporation Tax under a Group Payment Arrangement. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to tell you the correct payslip reference.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC no payment is due

    ", + "

    Tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have nothing to pay. HMRC will send you payment reminders if you do not.

    ", + "

    You can tell HMRC by either:

    ", + "
  • filling in the \u2018nil to pay\u2019 form
    • ", + "
  • sending back the payslip on the reminder HMRC sends you, marked \u2018NIL due\u2019
    • ", + "

    You must still file your company tax return.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    Check your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to see if your payment has been received. It should be updated within a few days of HMRC receiving the payment.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pay your VAT bill", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-vat", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Before you pay your VAT bill, make sure your deadline has not passed. Your deadline will be shown on your VAT return.

    ", + "

    There are different deadlines if you use:

    ", + "
  • the Annual Accounting Scheme
    • ", + "
  • payments on account
    • ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to pay a VAT Mini One Stop Shop (VAT MOSS) bill.

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Make sure your payment will reach HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account by the deadline. You may have to pay a surcharge if you do not pay on time.

    ", + "

    You can use the VAT payment deadline calculator to work out how much time to allow.

    ", + "

    Same or next day

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit
    • ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • standing order (only for businesses using the Annual Accounting Scheme or Payments on Account)
    • ", + "
  • online by debit or corporate credit card
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, your payment must arrive in HMRC\u2019s bank account on the last working day before it (unless you pay by Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Use your VAT online account to set up a Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Set up the Direct Debit at least 3 working days before you submit your online VAT return, otherwise the payment will not be taken from your bank account in time.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve set up the Direct Debit, payments will be collected automatically from your bank account 3 working days after the payment deadline on your VAT return.

    ", + "

    If you file your VAT return late, your payment will be taken 3 days after you file the return.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by Direct Debit if you have a \u2018payments on account\u2019 arrangement.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve signed up to Making Tax Digital

    ", + "

    Businesses that have signed up for Making Tax Digital and usually pay VAT by Direct Debit do not need to set up a new one.

    ", + "

    HMRC will transfer your Direct Debit to the new system.

    ", + "

    If you use the Annual Accounting Scheme

    ", + "

    Businesses that use the Annual Accounting Scheme can only set up an automatic Direct Debit online for balancing payments.

    ", + "

    You can set up a Direct Debit for regular payments using form VAT 623.

    ", + "

    Getting VAT repayments

    ", + "

    The bank account details you use to set up your Direct Debit will not be used for VAT repayments.

    ", + "

    To get VAT repayments paid into your bank account, update the registration details in your VAT online account. Otherwise HMRC will send you a cheque.

    ", + "

    Make an online or telephone bank transfer

    ", + "

    You can pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 00 | 11963155 | HMRC VAT", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your 9-digit VAT registration number to make a payment.

    ", + "

    Find your registration number:

    ", + "
  • in your VAT online account
    • ", + "
  • on your VAT registration certificate
    • ", + "

    Do not put any spaces between the digits when paying your VAT bill.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB36BARC20051773152391 | BARCGB22 | HMRC VAT", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your 9-digit VAT registration number to make a payment.

    ", + "

    Find your registration number:

    ", + "
  • in your VAT online account
    • ", + "
  • on your VAT registration certificate
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 bank account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your VAT bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to order paying-in slips online or by phone from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) before you can pay this way. It can take up to 6 weeks for them to arrive.

    ", + "

    Use the paying-in slips to pay at your own bank or building society by cash or cheque. Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 9-digit VAT registration number on the back of your cheque. You will find your registration number:

    ", + "
  • in your VAT online account
    • ", + "
  • on your VAT registration certificate
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 bank account.

    ", + "

    Standing order

    ", + "

    Businesses using the Annual Accounting Scheme or making payments on account can pay a VAT bill by standing order. Standing orders take 3 working days to reach HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account.

    ", + "

    Annual Accounting Scheme

    ", + "

    Ask to pay by standing order on your application form for the Annual Accounting Scheme.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve received a letter from HMRC accepting your application, set up a standing order using either:

    ", + "
  • form VAT 622
    • ", + "
  • online or telephone banking
    • ", + "

    Payments on account

    ", + "

    Set up a standing order using either:

    ", + "
  • form VAT 622
    • ", + "
  • online or telephone banking
    • ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    View your VAT online account to see if your payment has been received - it should update within 48 hours.

    ", + "

    Pay your UK VAT MOSS bill

    ", + "

    The UK VAT Mini One Stop Shop (VAT MOSS) scheme closes on 10 January 2021.

    ", + "

    You must send your final UK VAT MOSS return and payment by 20 January 2021. You will not be able to submit a return after 31 January 2021.

    ", + "

    If you sell digital services to customers in the EU you must either register for VAT MOSS in an EU country, or pay VAT in each country you supply to. Find out about registering for VAT in EU countries.

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Businesses that are VAT registered in the UK can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to the Union VAT MOSS account. Businesses outside the EU should use the Non-Union VAT MOSS account.

    ", + "

    Use the payment reference HMRC sent you when you submitted your VAT MOSS Return. You can also find it by logging in to your online account and checking the confirmation message.

    ", + "

    Union VAT MOSS account details

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 00 | 12001047 | HMRC VAT ON E", + "

    You cannot combine your VAT MOSS payment with your normal UK VAT Return payment, because it goes to a different bank account.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Non-Union VAT MOSS account details

    ", + "

    Use the Non-Union VAT MOSS bank details if your business is based outside the EU.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB34BARC20051710753491 | BARCGB22 | HMRC VAT ON E", + "

    To avoid underpaying HMRC because of bank charges, ask your bank to use the code \u2018OUR\u2019 in the \u2018Detail of charge\u2019 field when they process your payment.

    ", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address for Non-Union VAT MOSS payments is:

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Reclaiming VAT", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reclaim-vat", + "contents": [ + "

    What you can and cannot reclaim

    ", + "

    You can usually reclaim the VAT paid on goods and services purchased for use in your business.

    ", + "

    If a purchase is also for personal or private use, you can only reclaim the business proportion of the VAT.

    ", + "

    You must keep records to support your claim and show how you arrived at the business proportion for a purchase. You must also have valid VAT invoices.

    ", + "

    From 1 April 2019, most businesses will need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.

    ", + "

    What you cannot reclaim

    ", + "

    You cannot reclaim VAT for:

    ", + "
  • anything that\u2019s only for private use
    • ", + "
  • goods and services your business uses to make VAT-exempt supplies
    • ", + "
  • business entertainment costs
    • ", + "
  • goods sold to you under one of the VAT second-hand margin schemes
    • ", + "
  • business assets that are transferred to you as a going concern
    • ", + "

    Purchases before registration

    ", + "

    You may be able to reclaim VAT paid on goods or services bought before you registered for VAT if the purchases were made within certain time limits.

    ", + "

    Partly exempt businesses

    ", + "

    You need to make separate calculations for purchases that relate to both VAT-exempt and taxable supplies, such as phone bills or accountancy fees.

    ", + "

    Business assets of \u00a350,000 and more

    ", + "

    There are special rules for reclaiming VAT for:

    ", + "
  • individual computers and single pieces of computer equipment costing \u00a350,000 or more before VAT
    • ", + "
  • aircraft, ships and boats costing \u00a350,000 or more before VAT
    • ", + "
  • land and buildings costing \u00a3250,000 or more before VAT
    • ", + "

    You may need to adjust the amount of VAT you reclaim over several years using the Capital Goods Scheme.

    ", + "

    How your VAT refund is repaid

    ", + "

    Claim your refund by submitting a VAT Return.

    ", + "

    You need to give your account details to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - even if you\u2019ve already set up a Direct Debit for VAT Returns. Add or change them by going to the registration details in your VAT online account.

    ", + "

    You can also use your online account to view any refund you\u2019re owed, unless you\u2019ve signed up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.

    ", + "

    You will usually get your refund within 10 days of HMRC receiving your return but it may take longer. Only contact HMRC if you have not heard anything after 30 days.

    ", + "

    Vehicles and fuel costs

    ", + "

    Buying a new car

    ", + "

    You may be able to reclaim all the VAT on a new car if you use it only for business.

    ", + "

    The car must not be available for private use, and you must be able to show that it is not, for example it\u2019s specified in your employee\u2019s contract.

    ", + "

    \u2018Private use\u2019 includes travelling between home and work, unless it\u2019s a temporary place of work.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to claim all the VAT on a new car if it\u2019s mainly used:

    ", + "
  • as a taxi
    • ", + "
  • for driving instruction
    • ", + "
  • for self-drive hire
    • ", + "

    Leasing a car

    ", + "

    If you lease a car, you can usually claim 50% of the VAT. You may be able to reclaim all the VAT if the car is used only for business and is not available for private use, or is mainly used:

    ", + "
  • as a taxi
    • ", + "
  • for driving instruction
    • ", + "

    Self-drive hire cars

    ", + "

    If you hire a car to replace a company car that\u2019s off the road, you can usually claim 50% of the VAT on the hire charge.

    ", + "

    If you hire a car for another reason (for example you do not have a company car), you can reclaim all the VAT if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you hire it for no more than 10 days
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s used only for business
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s not available for private use
    • ", + "

    Commercial vehicles

    ", + "

    You can usually reclaim the VAT for buying a commercial vehicle (like a van, lorry or tractor) if you only use it for business.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re used only for business, you can also reclaim VAT on:

    ", + "
  • motorcycles
    • ", + "
  • motorhomes and motor caravans
    • ", + "
  • vans with rear seats (combi vans)
    • ", + "
  • car-derived vans
    • ", + "

    Fuel costs

    ", + "

    There are different ways of reclaiming VAT on fuel, if you do not pay a fixed rate under the Flat Rate Scheme.

    ", + "

    You can reclaim all the VAT on fuel if your vehicle is used only for business. There are 3 ways of handling VAT if you use the vehicle for both business and private purposes. You can:

    ", + "
  • reclaim all the VAT and pay the right fuel scale charge for your vehicle
    • ", + "
  • only reclaim the VAT on fuel you use for business trips - you\u2019ll have to keep detailed mileage records
    • ", + "
  • choose not to reclaim any VAT, eg if your business mileage is so low that the fuel scale charge would be higher than the VAT you can reclaim
    • ", + "

    If you choose not to reclaim VAT on fuel for one vehicle you cannot reclaim VAT on any fuel for vehicles used by your business.

    ", + "

    Additional costs

    ", + "

    You can usually reclaim the VAT for:

    ", + "
  • all business-related running and maintenance costs, such as repairs or off-street parking
    • ", + "
  • any accessories you\u2019ve fitted for business use
    • ", + "

    You can do this even if you cannot reclaim VAT on the vehicle itself.

    ", + "

    Used vehicles

    ", + "

    The sales invoice for your used vehicle must show the VAT. You cannot reclaim if it does not, for example if the seller uses the VAT margin scheme.

    ", + "

    Staff travel

    ", + "

    You can reclaim VAT on employee travel expenses for business trips, including meals and accommodation that you pay for.

    ", + "

    You cannot reclaim VAT if you pay your employees a flat rate for expenses.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for motoring expenses.

    ", + "

    You cannot reclaim VAT on entertainment costs.

    ", + "

    Who counts as an employee

    ", + "

    The following people count as employees for VAT reclaims:

    ", + "
  • someone directly employed by you (not through an agency)
    • ", + "
  • directors, partners, any other managers
    • ", + "
  • self-employed people who are treated as employees (you cannot reclaim on travel expenses for this group)
    • ", + "
  • helpers or stewards who help run events
    • ", + "

    The following people do not count as employees for VAT reclaims:

    ", + "
  • shareholders who are not employed by the business
    • ", + "
  • pensioners and former employees
    • ", + "
  • someone applying for a job, for example interviewees
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Simplified expenses if you're self-employed", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Simplified expenses are a way of calculating some of your business expenses using flat rates instead of working out your actual business costs.

    ", + "

    You do not have to use simplified expenses. You can decide if it suits your business.

    ", + "

    Who can use simplified expenses

    ", + "

    Simplified expenses can be used by:

    ", + "
  • sole traders
    • ", + "
  • business partnerships that have no companies as partners
    • ", + "

    Simplified expenses cannot be used by limited companies or business partnerships involving a limited company.

    ", + "

    Types of expenses

    ", + "

    You can use flat rates for:

    ", + "
  • business costs for some vehicles
    • ", + "
  • working from home
    • ", + "
  • living in your business premises
    • ", + "

    You must calculate all other expenses by working out the actual costs.

    ", + "

    How to use simplified expenses

    ", + "
  • Keep records your business miles for vehicles, hours you work at home and how many people live at your business premises over the year.
    • ", + "
  • At the end of the tax year use the flat rates for vehicle mileage, working from home, and living at your business premises to work out your expenses.
    • ", + "
  • Include these amounts in the total for your expenses in your Self Assessment tax return.
    • ", + "

    Use the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs. This will help you work out if simplified expenses suits your business.

    ", + "

    Vehicles

    ", + "

    Calculate your vehicle expenses using a flat rate for mileage instead of the actual costs of buying and running your vehicle, for example insurance, repairs, servicing, fuel.

    ", + "

    You can use simplified expenses for:

    ", + "
  • cars (except cars designed for commercial use, for example black cabs or dual control driving instructors\u2019 cars)
    • ", + "
  • goods vehicles (for example, vans)
    • ", + "
  • motorcycles
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.

    ", + "Vehicle | Flat rate per mile with simplified expenses", + "Cars and goods vehicles first 10,000 miles | 45p", + "Cars and goods vehicles after 10,000 miles | 25p", + "Motorcycles | 24p", + "

    You do not have to use flat rates for all your vehicles. Once you use the flat rates for a vehicle, you must continue to do so as long as you use that vehicle for your business.

    ", + "

    You can claim all other travel expenses (for example train journeys) and parking on top of your vehicle expenses.

    ", + "

    Use the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.

    ", + "

    Working from home

    ", + "

    Calculate your allowable expenses using a flat rate based on the hours you work from home each month.

    ", + "

    This means you do not have to work out the proportion of personal and business use for your home, for example how much of your utility bills are for business.

    ", + "

    The flat rate does not include telephone or internet expenses. You can claim the business proportion of these bills by working out the actual costs.

    ", + "

    You can only use simplified expenses if you work for 25 hours or more a month from home.

    ", + "Hours of business use per month | Flat rate per month", + "25 to 50 | \u00a310", + "51 to 100 | \u00a318", + "101 and more | \u00a326", + "

    Use the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.

    ", + "

    Living at your business premises

    ", + "

    A small number of businesses use their business premises as their home, for example a guesthouse, bed and breakfast or small care home.

    ", + "

    You can use simplified expenses instead of working out the split between what you spend for your private and business use of the premises.

    ", + "

    With simplified expenses you calculate the total expenses for the premises.

    ", + "

    Then use the flat rates to subtract an amount for your personal use of the premises, based on the number of people living on the premises and claim the rest as your business expenses.

    ", + "Number of people | Flat rate per month", + "1 | \u00a3350", + "2 | \u00a3500", + "3+ | \u00a3650", + "

    If someone lives at your business premises for part of the year, you can deduct only the relevant flat rate for the months they live there.

    ", + "

    Use the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax when you buy shares", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-buy-shares", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When you buy shares, you usually pay a tax or duty of 0.5% on the transaction.

    ", + "

    If you buy:

    ", + "
  • shares electronically, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT)
    • ", + "
  • shares using a stock transfer form, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty if the transaction is over \u00a31,000
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay tax at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.

    ", + "

    You pay tax on the price you pay for the shares, even if their actual market value is much higher.

    ", + "

    Transactions you pay tax on

    ", + "

    You pay tax when you buy:

    ", + "
  • existing shares in a company incorporated in the UK
    • ", + "
  • an option to buy shares
    • ", + "
  • an interest in shares, for example an interest in the money from selling them
    • ", + "
  • shares in a foreign company that has a share register in the UK
    • ", + "
  • rights arising from shares, for example rights you have when new shares are issued
    • ", + "

    When you do not pay tax

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay tax if you:

    ", + "
  • are given shares for nothing
    • ", + "
  • subscribe to a new issue of shares in a company
    • ", + "
  • buy shares in an \u2018open ended investment company\u2019 (OEIC) from the fund manager
    • ", + "
  • buy units in a unit trust from the fund manager
    • ", + "

    You do not normally have to pay Stamp Duty or SDRT if you buy foreign shares outside the UK. But you may have to pay other taxes.

    ", + "

    When you sell the shares

    ", + "

    You may need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your shares.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Contact Stamp Duty share enquiries for general information about Stamp Duty on shares.

    ", + "

    Contact Stamp Duty Reserve Tax enquiries if you have questions about Stamp Duty on electronic paperless share transactions.

    ", + "

    You can also get professional help (for example, from a tax adviser) with your tax.

    ", + "

    Buying shares electronically

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) if you buy shares electronically through the \u2018CREST\u2019 system (a computerised register of shares and shareowners).

    ", + "

    The tax is taken automatically when you buy the shares, so you do not need to do anything else about your tax.

    ", + "

    SDRT is charged at 0.5% when you buy shares electronically.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay cash for your shares but give something else of value to buy them, you pay SDRT based on the value of what you gave.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re given shares for nothing, you do not have to pay any tax.

    ", + "

    Buying shares \u2018off-market\u2019

    ", + "

    You must also pay SDRT on \u2018off-market\u2019 transactions. This is when shares are transferred outside CREST.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    Tax is not deducted automatically when you buy shares off-market.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) a written notice with details of the transaction.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay on time, you\u2019ll be charged interest from the due date until the date you pay. You may also get a penalty.

    ", + "

    Buying shares using a stock transfer form

    ", + "

    You must pay Stamp Duty on your shares if:

    ", + "
  • you buy shares through a stock transfer form
    • ", + "
  • the transaction is over \u00a31,000
    • ", + "

    You pay 0.5% duty, which will be rounded up to the nearest \u00a35.

    ", + "

    For shares under \u00a31,000, you will not need to pay anything.

    ", + "

    Get a stock transfer form

    ", + "

    You can get a stock transfer form from:

    ", + "
  • a broker
    • ", + "
  • a lawyer or an accountant who deals in shares
    • ", + "

    You can also download a stock transfer form from the internet.

    ", + "

    Find out what you need to include in a stock transfer form.

    ", + "

    Send the transfer form to HMRC and pay Stamp Duty

    ", + "

    You must send a copy of your stock transfer form to the Stamp Office within 30 days of it being signed and dated.

    ", + "

    Email an electronic version or a scan of your paper form to stampdutymailbox@hmrc.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    If you cannot email your stock transfer form, send a photocopy by post. You must keep the original signed document for your records.

    ", + "

    There is a different address to send a stock transfer form by courier.

    ", + "

    You must also pay the Stamp Duty within 30 days of the stock transfer form being signed and dated.

    ", + "

    You may get a penalty if you do not pay on time.

    ", + "

    Special share arrangements

    ", + "

    You pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) or Stamp Duty at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.

    ", + "

    This is when the shares are transferred to a service operated by a third party (for example, a bank). The shares can then be traded free of Stamp Duty or SDRT.

    ", + "

    Not all of these schemes work like this. Sometimes the higher rate is not charged and you pay Stamp Duty or SDRT in the normal way. Check the details of your scheme with your stockbroker.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax when your limited company gives to charity", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-limited-company-gives-to-charity", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your limited company pays less Corporation Tax when it gives the following to charity:

    ", + "
  • money
    • ", + "
  • equipment or trading stock (items it makes or sells)
    • ", + "
  • land, property or shares in another company (shares in your own company don\u2019t qualify)
    • ", + "
  • employees (on secondment)
    • ", + "
  • sponsorship payments
    • ", + "

    You can claim tax relief by deducting the value of your donations from your total business profits before you pay tax.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for sole traders and partnerships.

    ", + "

    Donating money

    ", + "

    Your limited company can pay less Corporation Tax when it gives money to a charity or community amateur sports club (CASC).

    ", + "

    Deduct the value of the donations from your total business profits before you pay tax.

    ", + "

    Payments that don\u2019t qualify

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t deduct payments that:

    ", + "
  • are loans that will be repaid by the charity
    • ", + "
  • are made on the condition that the charity will buy property from your company or anyone connected with it
    • ", + "
  • are a distribution of company profits (eg dividends)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re given something in return

    ", + "

    Any benefits you\u2019re given in return for your donation (eg tickets to an event) must be below a certain value.

    ", + "Donation amount | Maximum value of benefit", + "Up to \u00a3100 | 25% of the donation", + "\u00a3101 - \u00a31,000 | \u00a325", + "\u00a31,001 and over | 5% of the donation (up to a maximum of \u00a32,500)", + "

    This applies to benefits given to any person or company connected with your company, including close relatives.

    ", + "

    If you get a benefit that\u2019s related to the company your donation qualifies as a sponsorship payment.

    ", + "

    Equipment and trading stock

    ", + "

    Your limited company pays less Corporation Tax if it gives equipment or items it makes or sells (\u2018trading stock\u2019) to a charity or community amateur sports club (CASC).

    ", + "

    Giving equipment

    ", + "

    You can claim full capital allowances on the cost of equipment.

    ", + "

    To qualify, the equipment must have been used by your company. This includes things like:

    ", + "
  • office furniture
    • ", + "
  • computers and printers
    • ", + "
  • vans and cars
    • ", + "
  • tools and machinery
    • ", + "

    Giving trading stock

    ", + "

    If your company donates its trading stock to a charity or CASC, you don\u2019t have to include anything in your sales income for the value of the gift. This means you get tax relief on the cost of the stock you\u2019ve given away.

    ", + "

    VAT

    ", + "

    If your company is VAT-registered, you\u2019ll need to account for VAT on the items you give away.

    ", + "

    However, you can apply zero VAT to the items - even if you normally charge the standard or reduced rate - if your company makes the donation specifically so that the charity can:

    ", + "
  • sell the items
    • ", + "
  • hire out the items
    • ", + "
  • export the items
    • ", + "

    This means you can reclaim the VAT on the cost of the trading stock you donate.

    ", + "

    If you can\u2019t zero rate the items, use the VAT rate you normally apply to them.

    ", + "

    Land, property and shares

    ", + "

    Your limited company could pay less Corporation Tax if it gives or sells any of the following to charity:

    ", + "
  • land or property
    • ", + "
  • shares in another company
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim for gifts or sales of shares in your own company.

    ", + "

    Contact your chosen charity first to make sure it can accept your gift.

    ", + "

    What you get

    ", + "

    If you give these to charity (including selling them for less than they\u2019re worth):

    ", + "
  • you won\u2019t have to pay tax on capital gains
    • ", + "
  • you can deduct the value of the gift (its \u2018market value\u2019) from your business profits before you pay tax
    • ", + "

    If you donate or sell to a community amateur sports club (CASC), you don\u2019t pay tax on capital gains but you can\u2019t deduct the value of the gift from your business profits.

    ", + "

    Work out the market value

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to know how much the gift would sell for in an open market (its \u2018market value\u2019) to calculate your tax relief. You can get professional help with this.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You must keep documents relating to the donation to show that you\u2019ve made the gift or sale and that the charity has accepted it. You must keep these records for at least 6 years.

    ", + "

    Land or property

    ", + "

    You must get a letter or certificate from the charity which contains:

    ", + "
  • a description of the land or property
    • ", + "
  • the date of the gift or sale (the \u2018disposal date\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a statement confirming that it now owns the land or property
    • ", + "

    Shares

    ", + "

    You must fill in a stock transfer form to take the shares out of your company\u2019s name and put them into the charity\u2019s name.

    ", + "

    Selling land, property or shares on behalf of a charity

    ", + "

    When you offer a gift of land, property or shares, the charity may ask you to sell the gift on its behalf.

    ", + "

    You can do this and still claim tax relief for the donation, but you must keep records of the gift and the charity\u2019s request. Without them, you might have to pay Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    Seconding employees

    ", + "

    You can deduct any costs as normal business expenses if:

    ", + "
  • your company temporarily transfers an employee to work for a charity (known as a \u2018secondment\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • an employee volunteers for a charity in work time
    • ", + "

    Your company must continue to pay the employee and run Pay As You Earn (PAYE) on their salary. You can set the costs (including wages and business expenses) against your taxable profits as if they were still working for you.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim the costs of employees on secondment or volunteering at a community amateur sports club (CASC).

    ", + "

    Sponsoring a charity

    ", + "

    Charity sponsorship payments are different from donations because your company gets something related to the business in return.

    ", + "

    You can deduct sponsorship payments from your business profits before you pay tax by treating them as business expenses.

    ", + "

    What qualifies

    ", + "

    Payments qualify as business expenses if the charity:

    ", + "
  • publicly supports your products or services
    • ", + "
  • allows you to use their logo in your own printed material
    • ", + "
  • allows you to sell your goods or services at their event or premises
    • ", + "
  • links from their website to yours
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re unsure whether a charity payment qualifies as a sponsorship payment or a donation, contact the charities helpline.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    There are different ways to claim tax relief depending on the type of donation you make.

    ", + "

    Deduct from your profits

    ", + "

    Claim relief in the Company Tax Return that covers the accounting period during which you made the donation or sale if you have:

    ", + "
  • donated money
    • ", + "
  • given or sold land, property or shares
    • ", + "

    Enter the total value of your donations in the \u2018Qualifying donations\u2019 box of the \u2018Deductions and Reliefs\u2019 section of your tax return.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for working out the value of your donation if you give or sell land, property or shares to a charity.

    ", + "

    Deduct as business expenses

    ", + "

    Deduct costs as normal business expenses in your company\u2019s annual accounts if you have:

    ", + "
  • seconded employees
    • ", + "
  • sponsored a charity
    • ", + "

    Claim capital allowances

    ", + "

    Claim capital allowances on the cost of equipment you donate in your company\u2019s annual accounts.

    ", + "

    If you donate more than your profit

    ", + "

    The most you can deduct is the amount that reduces your company\u2019s profits to zero.

    ", + "

    If you donate more than your total profits you can\u2019t:

    ", + "
  • declare trading losses on your tax return
    • ", + "
  • carry over any remaining amount to your next tax return
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "VAT Returns", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-returns", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You usually submit a VAT Return to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) every 3 months. This period of time is known as your \u2018accounting period.\u2019

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    The VAT Return records things for the accounting period like:

    ", + "
  • your total sales and purchases
    • ", + "
  • the amount of VAT you owe
    • ", + "
  • the amount of VAT you can reclaim
    • ", + "
  • what your VAT refund from HMRC is
    • ", + "

    You must submit a VAT Return even if you have no VAT to pay or reclaim.

    ", + "

    Final VAT Returns

    ", + "

    You have to submit a final VAT Return when you cancel your VAT registration.

    ", + "

    HMRC will send you a paper version to complete if your registration is cancelled because you\u2019re insolvent.

    ", + "

    Fill in your return

    ", + "

    Complete and send your VAT Return online.

    ", + "

    You cannot use your online account to send your VAT Return if you\u2019ve signed up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019. Use compatible accounting software instead.

    ", + "

    If you need help there\u2019s guidance on:

    ", + "
  • what to put in each box
    • ", + "
  • filling in your return if you\u2019re on the Flat Rate Scheme
    • ", + "

    If you are registered for VAT in Northern Ireland, you must include EU sales on your VAT Return and complete an EC Sales List.

    ", + "

    Working out what you can claim

    ", + "

    If your business is a charity, you pay VAT at a reduced rate on some goods and services.

    ", + "

    VAT-registered businesses can usually reclaim the VAT they\u2019ve paid on business purchases and expenses. The claim must be for a business activity (you have to work out the business element if it also had a personal use).

    ", + "

    You must keep records to support your claim and show the VAT was paid.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You cannot reclaim the VAT on:

    ", + "
  • entertainment expenses
    • ", + "
  • purchases if you use the VAT Flat Rate Scheme (except some capital assets worth more than \u00a32,000)
    • ", + "

    There are special rules for working out how to reclaim VAT for:

    ", + "
  • cars, for example buying, repairing, fuel costs
    • ", + "
  • staff travel expenses, for example accommodation and transport expenses
    • ", + "
  • businesses that are partly exempt from VAT
    • ", + "

    Estimated figures

    ", + "

    Ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) for permission to use estimated figures. You\u2019ll need a good reason why you cannot give accurate figures on your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re allowed, you will not be charged a penalty unless you miss the deadline or make a careless or deliberate error. You\u2019ll normally have to give the correct figures in your next VAT Return.

    ", + "

    Bad debts

    ", + "

    You can reclaim the VAT you\u2019ve paid HMRC but not received from a customer if it\u2019s a \u2018bad debt\u2019 (one you\u2019ve written off). To qualify for the relief:

    ", + "
  • the debt must be between 6 months old and 4 years and 6 months old
    • ", + "
  • you must not have sold the debt on
    • ", + "
  • you must not have charged more than the normal price for the item
    • ", + "

    You should reclaim them via your VAT Return (add them to your Box 4 figure) and keep records about the debt.

    ", + "

    If the debt is paid, you must pay the relief back via your VAT Return by adding the amount to your \u2018Box 1\u2019 figure.

    ", + "

    How to submit your return

    ", + "

    You must submit your return online unless:

    ", + "
  • your business is subject to an insolvency procedure - if you have a Company Voluntary Arrangement or an Individual Voluntary Arrangement you can submit your return online if you want to
    • ", + "
  • you object to using computers on religious grounds
    • ", + "
  • you cannot because of your age, a disability or because of where you live, for example you do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to find out how to submit your return, for example paper filing, if you cannot submit online.

    ", + "

    Submit your VAT Return online

    ", + "

    You need a VAT number and a VAT online account. You can then submit your VAT Return using HMRC\u2019s free online service or commercial accounting software.

    ", + "

    You cannot use your online account to send your VAT Return if you\u2019ve signed up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019. Use compatible accounting software instead.

    ", + "

    Getting online

    ", + "

    If you need:

    ", + "
  • a VAT number and online account - register for VAT
    • ", + "
  • an online account - sign up for an online account and select \u2018VAT submit returns\u2019
    • ", + "
  • a VAT number - log in to your online account and apply for a VAT number
    • ", + "

    HMRC\u2019s free online service

    ", + "

    Sign in to your VAT online account and complete your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    Using accounting software

    ", + "

    Most accounting software lets you submit your VAT Return to HMRC directly. This means you will not have to enter your figures separately in HMRC\u2019s online service.

    ", + "

    HMRC has a list of software you can use to submit your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    Keep any reference number you receive as proof you\u2019ve sent your return.

    ", + "

    Using accountants or agents

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to authorise them before they can submit your VAT Return. You can do this through your VAT online account.

    ", + "

    Find an accountant or a solicitor to help you with your VAT return or tax.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    You can get help with your VAT return or if you do not understand something about your tax.

    ", + "

    Help with online services

    ", + "

    Contact the VAT Online Services Helpdesk if you need any help using VAT online services.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    Check your VAT Return and payment deadlines in your VAT online account.

    ", + "

    Your VAT online account tells you:

    ", + "
  • when your VAT Returns are due
    • ", + "
  • when the payment must clear HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account
    • ", + "

    The deadline for submitting the return online and paying HMRC are usually the same - 1 calendar month and 7 days after the end of an accounting period. You need to allow time for the payment to reach HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    The deadlines are different if, for example, you use the VAT Annual Accounting Scheme.

    ", + "

    Pay your VAT bill

    ", + "

    You must pay VAT to HMRC electronically, for example through direct debit or internet banking. Most businesses are not allowed to pay by cheque.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you cannot pay your VAT bill.

    ", + "

    Surcharges and penalties

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) record a \u2018default\u2019 if:

    ", + "
  • they do not receive your VAT return by the deadline
    • ", + "
  • full payment for the VAT due on your return has not reached their account by the deadline
    • ", + "

    Surcharges

    ", + "

    You may enter a 12-month \u2018surcharge period\u2019 if you default. If you default again during this time:

    ", + "
  • the surcharge period is extended for a further 12 months
    • ", + "
  • you may have to pay an extra amount (a \u2018surcharge\u2019) on top of the VAT you owe
    • ", + "

    If you submit a late return, you will not have to pay a surcharge if you:

    ", + "
  • pay your VAT in full by the deadline
    • ", + "
  • have no tax to pay
    • ", + "
  • are due a VAT repayment
    • ", + "

    HMRC will write to you explaining any surcharges you owe and what happens if you default again.

    ", + "

    How much you pay

    ", + "

    Your surcharge is a percentage of the VAT outstanding on the due date for the accounting period that is in default. The surcharge rate increases every time you default again in a surcharge period.

    ", + "

    This table shows how much you\u2019ll be charged if you default within a surcharge period.

    ", + "

    You do not pay a surcharge for your first default.

    ", + "Defaults within 12 months | Surcharge if annual turnover is less than \u00a3150,000 | Surcharge if annual turnover is \u00a3150,000 or more", + "2nd | No surcharge | 2% (no surcharge if this is less than \u00a3400)", + "3rd | 2% (no surcharge if this is less than \u00a3400) | 5% (no surcharge if this is less than \u00a3400)", + "4th | 5% (no surcharge if this is less than \u00a3400) | 10% or \u00a330 (whichever is more)", + "5th | 10% or \u00a330 (whichever is more) | 15% or \u00a330 (whichever is more)", + "6 or more | 15% or \u00a330 (whichever is more) | 15% or \u00a330 (whichever is more)", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    HMRC can charge you a penalty of up to:

    ", + "
  • 100% of any tax under-stated or over-claimed if you send a return that contains a careless or deliberate inaccuracy
    • ", + "
  • 30% of an assessment if HMRC sends you one that\u2019s too low and you do not tell them it\u2019s wrong within 30 days
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3400 if you submit a paper VAT return, unless HMRC has told you you\u2019re exempt from submitting your return using your VAT online account or Making Tax Digital compatible software
    • ", + "

    Assessments

    ", + "

    If you do not send your VAT Return and pay any VAT due on time, you will get a \u2018VAT notice of assessment of tax\u2019 from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), telling you how much VAT they think you owe.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    Send your VAT Return and any payment due immediately.

    ", + "

    If the assessed amount of VAT is too low you must tell HMRC within 30 days. Do this by sending a correct VAT Return and VAT payment or contacting them. You may be charged a penalty if you do not.

    ", + "

    If the assessment is too high, you cannot appeal it. You must send a correct VAT Return and VAT payment.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you cannot pay your tax bill and contact the VAT helpline if you cannot send the return.

    ", + "

    Interest on underpaid or overpaid VAT

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may charge you interest if you do not report and pay the right amount of VAT. If you pay too much VAT because HMRC make a mistake, you can claim interest.

    ", + "

    When interest is charged

    ", + "

    Interest may be charged if you:

    ", + "
  • report less VAT than you charge, or reclaim more than you pay
    • ", + "
  • pay an assessment that HMRC later find was too low
    • ", + "
  • let HMRC know you owe them VAT because of a mistake on your VAT Return
    • ", + "

    How much interest is charged

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged 2.6% interest.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different interest rate for tax that was underpaid before 21 November 2017.

    ", + "

    Use your VAT online account to check the amount you owe.

    ", + "

    HMRC will also send you a notice telling you how much you owe and how it\u2019s worked out.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay within 30 days, further interest is charged on the VAT due from the date of the notice. You\u2019ll be charged interest for as long as you do not pay, up to a maximum of 2 years.

    ", + "

    You cannot deduct the interest HMRC charges you when working out your taxable profits.

    ", + "

    Claiming interest

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim interest if HMRC\u2019s mistake means:

    ", + "
  • you pay too much VAT
    • ", + "
  • you reclaim too little VAT
    • ", + "
  • a payment to you from HMRC was delayed
    • ", + "

    Normally HMRC will not repay interest if you\u2019ve paid too much VAT because of a mistake you made.

    ", + "

    How much interest can you claim

    ", + "

    You can claim 0.5% interest. This is normally paid for the whole period from when the VAT was overpaid or reclaimed until the date repayment is authorised.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different interest rate for tax that was overpaid before 29 September 2009.

    ", + "

    If you caused a delay to any payments (for example by not claiming straight away) HMRC might leave this time out.

    ", + "

    You have to claim the interest separately from the repayment itself.

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC with details of the repayment, explaining why you\u2019re owed interest. You must do this within 4 years of the repayment\u2019s authorisation date. Use the postal address on the VAT correspondence you have from HMRC.

    ", + "

    Any interest you get from HMRC counts as taxable income.

    ", + "

    Paying interest to your customers

    ", + "

    You must pay any of the interest you get (as well as the VAT) to your customers if HMRC\u2019s mistake means they paid too much VAT.

    ", + "

    Contact the person at HMRC who dealt with your claim if you need to find out how the interest was calculated. This can help you work out how much you need to repay each customer. You must give the money back to HMRC within 14 days if you cannot get in touch with a customer to repay them.

    ", + "

    Interest rates

    ", + "

    HMRC only charge or pay simple interest (interest on the original amount, not interest on interest).

    ", + "

    Challenging an HMRC decision

    ", + "

    You cannot appeal the decision to charge you interest but you can challenge the actual amount.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "VAT registration", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-registration", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must register your business for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if its VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    When you register, you\u2019ll be sent a VAT registration certificate. This confirms:

    ", + "
  • your VAT number
    • ", + "
  • when to submit your first VAT Return and payment
    • ", + "
  • your \u2018effective date of registration\u2019 - this depends on the date you went over the threshold, or is the date you asked to register if it was voluntary
    • ", + "

    You can register voluntarily if your turnover is less than \u00a385,000, unless everything you sell is exempt. You\u2019ll have certain responsibilities if you register for VAT.

    ", + "

    You can reclaim the VAT you\u2019ve paid on certain purchases made before you registered.

    ", + "

    Your VAT responsibilities

    ", + "

    From your effective date of registration you must:

    ", + "
  • charge the right amount of VAT
    • ", + "
  • pay any VAT due to HMRC
    • ", + "
  • submit VAT Returns
    • ", + "
  • keep VAT records and a VAT account
    • ", + "

    Most VAT registered businesses that earn over \u00a385,000 must also follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.

    ", + "

    While you wait

    ", + "

    You cannot charge or show VAT on your invoices until you get your VAT number. However, you\u2019ll still have to pay the VAT to HMRC for this period.

    ", + "

    You should increase your prices to allow for this and tell your customers why. Once you\u2019ve got your VAT number you can then reissue the invoices showing the VAT.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    Register for VAT

    ", + "

    Most businesses can register online - including partnerships and a group of companies registering under one VAT number.

    ", + "

    By doing this you\u2019ll register for VAT and create a VAT online account (sometimes known as a \u2018Government Gateway account\u2019). You need this to submit your VAT Returns to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Using an agent

    ", + "

    You can appoint an accountant (or agent) to submit your VAT Returns and deal with HMRC on your behalf.

    ", + "

    When you receive your VAT number from HMRC, you can sign up for a VAT online account (select option \u2018VAT submit returns\u2019).

    ", + "

    When you cannot register online

    ", + "

    You must register by post using VAT1 if:

    ", + "
  • you want to apply for a \u2018registration exception\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re joining the Agricultural Flat Rate Scheme
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re registering the divisions or business units of a body corporate under separate VAT numbers
    • ", + "

    Register by post using form:

    ", + "
  • VAT1A if you\u2019re an EU business \u2018distance selling\u2019 to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • VAT1B if you import (\u2018acquire\u2019) goods into Northern Ireland worth more than \u00a385,000 from an EU country
    • ", + "
  • VAT1C if you\u2019re disposing of assets on which 8th or 13th Directive refunds have been claimed
    • ", + "

    When you receive your VAT number from HMRC, you can sign up for a VAT online account (select option \u2018VAT submit returns\u2019).

    ", + "

    Getting your certificate

    ", + "

    You should get a VAT registration certificate within 30 working days, though it can take longer.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s sent either:

    ", + "
  • to your VAT online account
    • ", + "
  • by post - if an agent registers you or you cannot register online
    • ", + "

    What you need to know

    ", + "

    You need to provide details like your turnover, business activity and bank details.

    ", + "

    Your registration date is known as your \u2018effective date of registration\u2019. You\u2019ll have to pay HMRC any VAT due from this date.

    ", + "

    You do not need to authorise an agent to register you for VAT.

    ", + "

    When to register

    ", + "

    You must register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover goes over \u00a385,000 (the \u2018threshold\u2019), or you know that it will. Your VAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.

    ", + "

    You can also register voluntarily.

    ", + "

    Compulsory registration

    ", + "

    You must register for VAT if:

    ", + "
  • you expect your VAT taxable turnover to be more than \u00a385,000 in the next 30-day period
    • ", + "
  • your business had a VAT taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 over the last 12 months
    • ", + "

    You might also need to register in some other cases, depending on the kinds of goods or services you sell and where you sell them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll exceed the VAT threshold in the next 30-day period

    ", + "

    You must register if you realise that your total VAT taxable turnover is going to be more than \u00a385,000 in the next 30-day period.

    ", + "

    You have to register by the end of that 30-day period. Your effective date of registration is the date you realised, not the date your turnover went over the threshold.

    ", + "

    If you exceeded the VAT threshold in the past 12 months

    ", + "

    You must register if, by the end of any month, your total VAT taxable turnover for the last 12 months was over \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    You have to register within 30 days of the end of the month when you went over the threshold. Your effective date of registration is the first day of the second month after you go over the threshold.

    ", + "

    If you sell goods or services that are VAT exempt and are based in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to register if you only sell goods or services that are exempt from VAT or \u2018out of scope\u2019 but you buy goods for more than \u00a385,000 from EU VAT-registered suppliers to use in your business.

    ", + "

    If you take over a VAT-registered business

    ", + "

    You may have to register for VAT.

    ", + "

    Businesses outside the UK

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no threshold if neither you nor your business is based in the UK. You must register as soon as you supply any goods and services to the UK (or if you expect to in the next 30 days).

    ", + "

    Late registration

    ", + "

    If you register late, you must pay what you owe from when you should have registered.

    ", + "

    You may get a penalty depending on how much you owe and how late your registration is.

    ", + "

    Voluntary registration

    ", + "

    You can register voluntarily if your business turnover is below \u00a385,000. You must pay HMRC any VAT you owe from the date they register you.

    ", + "

    Get an exception

    ", + "

    You can apply for a registration \u2018exception\u2019 if your taxable turnover goes over the threshold temporarily.

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC with evidence showing why you believe your VAT taxable turnover will not go over the deregistration threshold of \u00a383,000 in the next 12 months.

    ", + "

    HMRC will consider your exception and write confirming if you get one. If not, they\u2019ll register you for VAT.

    ", + "

    Selling or moving goods in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a VAT-registered business, you need to tell HMRC if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your goods are located in Northern Ireland at the time of sale
    • ", + "
  • you receive goods in Northern Ireland from VAT-registered EU businesses for business purposes
    • ", + "
  • you sell or move goods from Northern Ireland to an EU country
    • ", + "

    This means that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be eligible to use VAT simplifications when you trade with the EU
    • ", + "
  • your suppliers are able to zero rate goods that they dispatch to you from the EU
    • ", + "
  • your trade with the EU will remain acquisitions and dispatches when accounting for VAT
    • ", + "

    Tell HMRC

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for VAT
    • ", + "
  • your VAT registration number
    • ", + "
  • the name of your business
    • ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve registered

    ", + "

    When you are trading with the EU and sell goods in Northern Ireland, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • put an \u2018XI\u2019 prefix in front of your VAT number when communicating with an EU customer or supplier (your invoices will show XI in front of your VAT number - for example, XI 123456789 - instead of GB)
    • ", + "
  • complete an EC Sales List if you\u2019re selling goods from Northern Ireland to VAT-registered customers in the EU
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve stopped selling or moving goods in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve stopped selling goods in Northern Ireland or moving goods between Northern Ireland and the EU, you need to tell HMRC.

    ", + "

    Registering for VAT in EU countries

    ", + "

    You may need to register for VAT in the EU country you\u2019re selling to. Find out how to register for VAT in EU countries on the European Commission website.

    ", + "

    Supplying digital services

    ", + "

    If your business supplies digital services to consumers in EU countries, you need to register for either:

    ", + "
  • VAT MOSS in any EU country
    • ", + "
  • VAT in each country where you\u2019re supplying digital services
    • ", + "

    Register for VAT MOSS in an EU country

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to register for the VAT MOSS scheme in an EU country by the 10th day of the month after your first sale to an EU customer.

    ", + "

    Use the European Commission website to:

    ", + "
  • check if you should register for either the union or non-union VAT MOSS scheme
    • ", + "
  • find contact details to register for VAT MOSS in an EU country
    • ", + "

    Register for VAT in an EU country

    ", + "

    If you do not want to use the VAT MOSS scheme, you must register for VAT in each EU country where you supply digital services.

    ", + "

    Find out how to register for VAT in EU member states on the European Commission website.

    ", + "

    Calculate VAT taxable turnover

    ", + "

    VAT taxable turnover is the total value of everything you sell that is not exempt from VAT.

    ", + "

    You must register for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if it goes over the current registration threshold in a rolling 12-month period. This is not a fixed period like the tax year or the calendar year - it could be any period, for example the start of June to the end of May.

    ", + "

    The current threshold is \u00a385,000. It usually goes up on 1 April each year. If your business is based in Northern Ireland, there are different thresholds for buying and selling from EU countries.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    To check if you\u2019ve gone over the threshold in any 12-month period, add together the total value of your UK sales that are not VAT exempt, including:

    ", + "
  • goods you hired or loaned to customers
    • ", + "
  • business goods used for personal reasons
    • ", + "
  • goods you bartered, part-exchanged or gave as gifts
    • ", + "
  • services you received from businesses in other countries that you had to \u2018reverse charge\u2019
    • ", + "
  • building work over \u00a3100,000 your business did for itself
    • ", + "

    Include any zero-rated items - only exclude VAT-exempt sales, and goods or services you supply outside of the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over the threshold

    ", + "

    You must register for VAT - though HMRC may allow you \u2018exception from registration\u2019 if your turnover goes above the threshold temporarily.

    ", + "

    You must register straight away if you expect the value of everything you sell in the next 30 days to be over \u00a385,000. You do not need to include anything that is VAT exempt.

    ", + "

    You should check your rolling turnover regularly if you\u2019re close to going over the threshold.

    ", + "

    Thresholds for previous tax years

    ", + "

    Check historical information about VAT thresholds if you think you should have been registered in previous tax years.

    ", + "

    Purchases made before registration

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a time limit for backdating claims for VAT paid before registration. From your date of registration the time limit is:

    ", + "
  • 4 years for goods you still have, or that were used to make other goods you still have
    • ", + "
  • 6 months for services
    • ", + "

    You can only reclaim VAT on purchases for the business now registered for VAT. They must relate to your \u2018business purpose\u2019. This means they must relate to VAT taxable goods or services that you supply.

    ", + "

    You should reclaim them on your first VAT Return (add them to your Box 4 figure) and keep records including:

    ", + "
  • invoices and receipts
    • ", + "
  • a description and purchase dates
    • ", + "
  • information about how they relate to your business now
    • ", + "

    Changes to your details

    ", + "

    You must keep your VAT registration details up to date. You can change your details:

    ", + "
  • online - through your VAT online account
    • ", + "
  • by post - using form VAT484
    • ", + "
  • by webchat or phone
    • ", + "

    You must send form VAT2 to the VAT Registration Service to report any changes to a partnership.

    ", + "

    Some changes can affect your VAT registration or mean you have to cancel it.

    ", + "

    When to tell HMRC

    ", + "

    You need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about any changes to the following within 30 days or you could face a financial penalty:

    ", + "
  • the name, trading name or main address of your business
    • ", + "
  • the accountant or agent who deals with your VAT
    • ", + "
  • the members of a partnership, or the name or home address of any of the partners
    • ", + "

    Changing bank details

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC at least 14 days in advance if you\u2019re changing your bank details.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to tell your bank to change your Direct Debit details if you pay your VAT by Direct Debit, but you should not do this within 5 banking days before or after your VAT return is due.

    ", + "

    You must write to the Annual Accounting Registration Unit to change your Direct Debit details if you use the Annual Accounting Scheme. Include your registration number.

    ", + "

    Death and illness

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC within 21 days if you take on the VAT responsibilities of someone who has died or is ill.

    ", + "

    You can only do this by sending form VAT484 in the post, including details of the date of death or the date the illness started.

    ", + "

    Cancel registration

    ", + "

    You must cancel your registration if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be VAT registered. For example:

    ", + "
  • you stop trading or making VAT taxable supplies
    • ", + "
  • you join a VAT group
    • ", + "

    You must cancel within 30 days if you stop being eligible or you may be charged a penalty.

    ", + "

    You can ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to cancel your registration if your VAT taxable turnover falls below the deregistration threshold of \u00a383,000.

    ", + "

    How to cancel

    ", + "

    You can cancel your VAT registration online.

    ", + "

    Cancel your registration

    ", + "

    You can also fill in and send form VAT7 to cancel your VAT registration by post.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    It usually takes 3 weeks for HMRC to confirm your cancellation and the official cancellation date. This is either the date when the reason for your cancellation took effect (for example, when you stopped trading), or the date you asked to cancel if it\u2019s voluntary.

    ", + "

    HMRC will send confirmation to your VAT online account (or through the post if you do not apply online). From the date of cancellation you must stop charging VAT and keep your VAT records for 6 years.

    ", + "

    HMRC will automatically re-register you if they realise you should not have cancelled. You\u2019ll have to account for any VAT you should have paid in the meantime.

    ", + "

    VAT after you cancel

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to submit a final VAT Return for the period up to and including the cancellation date. You must account for any stock and other assets you have on this date if:

    ", + "
  • you could reclaim VAT when you bought them
    • ", + "
  • the total VAT due on these assets is over \u00a31,000
    • ", + "

    Do not wait until you\u2019ve received all your invoices before submitting your final return. You\u2019ll still be able to reclaim VAT on anything you bought for your business while still registered once you get the invoices.

    ", + "

    Transfer registration

    ", + "

    You can transfer a VAT registration from one business to another, or if the status of your business changes.

    ", + "

    For example, if:

    ", + "
  • you take over a company and want to keep using its VAT number
    • ", + "
  • your business changes from a partnership to a sole trader
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking over a company, the previous owner must cancel their VAT registration before you can apply to transfer the VAT number.

    ", + "

    If the status of your business changes, you must cancel your existing VAT registration and re-register.

    ", + "

    You can apply to cancel or transfer a VAT registration:

    ", + "
  • online - through your VAT online account
    • ", + "
  • by post - using form VAT68
    • ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    It usually takes 3 weeks for HMRC to confirm the transfer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling your business:

    ", + "
  • cancel your accountant\u2019s access to your VAT online account - for example if you authorised them to deal with your VAT
    • ", + "
  • cancel any direct debits on your VAT online account
    • ", + "

    You must also give your records to the buyer if you\u2019re passing on your VAT number.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying a business:

    ", + "
  • contact HMRC within 21 days of the transfer application if you want to keep the seller\u2019s accountant
    • ", + "
  • replace any self-billing arrangements with new ones
    • ", + "
  • set up new direct debits on your VAT online account
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "What you must do as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) contractor", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-contractor", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if:

    ", + "
  • you pay subcontractors to do construction work
    • ", + "
  • your business does not do construction work but you have spent more than \u00a33 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment
    • ", + "

    You may be a sole trader, in a partnership or own a limited company.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure if you need to register, check who is covered by CIS.

    ", + "

    Rules you must follow

    ", + "
  • You must register for CIS before you take on your first subcontractor.
    • ", + "
  • You must check if you should employ the person instead of subcontracting the work. You may get a penalty if they should be an employee instead.
    • ", + "
  • Check with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that your subcontractors are registered with CIS.
    • ", + "
  • When you pay subcontractors, you\u2019ll usually need to make deductions from their payments and pay the money to HMRC. Deductions count as advance payments towards the subcontractor\u2019s tax and National Insurance bill.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll need to file monthly returns and keep full CIS records - you may get a penalty if you do not.
    • ", + "
  • You must let HMRC know about any changes to your business.
    • ", + "

    Who is covered by CIS

    ", + "

    The Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) covers most construction work to buildings, including site preparation, decorating and refurbishment.

    ", + "

    Mainstream contractors

    ", + "

    If your business is construction and you pay subcontractors for construction work, you\u2019re a \u2018mainstream\u2019 contractor. This applies if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • builder
    • ", + "
  • labour agency
    • ", + "
  • gangmaster (or gang leader)
    • ", + "
  • property developer
    • ", + "

    Deemed contractors

    ", + "

    You count as a \u2018deemed\u2019 contractor if your business does not do construction work but you have spent more than \u00a33 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment. This could apply to:

    ", + "
  • housing association or arm\u2019s length management organisations (ALMOs)
    • ", + "
  • local authorities
    • ", + "
  • government departments
    • ", + "

    You must monitor your construction spend if you are likely to become a deemed contractor.

    ", + "

    Exceptions for contractors

    ", + "

    CIS does not apply if your work is:

    ", + "
  • paid for by a charity or trust
    • ", + "
  • paid for by a governing body or head teacher of a maintained school on behalf of the local education authority
    • ", + "
  • on the subcontractor\u2019s own property and worth less than \u00a31,000 excluding materials - you must call the CIS helpline to get an exemption
    • ", + "

    CIS also does not apply if you\u2019re a deemed contractor paying for:

    ", + "
  • work on property (that is not for sale or rent) for your own business use
    • ", + "
  • a construction contract worth less than \u00a31,000 excluding materials - you must call the CIS helpline to get an exemption
    • ", + "

    Construction work not covered by CIS

    ", + "

    There are also certain jobs that are exempt from the scheme, including:

    ", + "
  • architecture and surveying
    • ", + "
  • scaffolding hire (with no labour)
    • ", + "
  • carpet fitting
    • ", + "
  • delivering materials
    • ", + "
  • work on construction sites that is clearly not construction, for example running a canteen or site facilities
    • ", + "

    The CIS guide for contractors and subcontractors explains in full what type of work is covered by CIS.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    To register as a contractor, you need to follow the process for setting up as a new employer.

    ", + "

    When done, you\u2019ll get a letter from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) with the information you need to start working as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) contractor.

    ", + "

    If your business is based outside the UK but you do construction work here, you follow a different registration process.

    ", + "

    Help with registering

    ", + "

    If you need help, call the new employer helpline or the CIS helpline.

    ", + "

    You can also sign up for webinars and emails or watch videos from HMRC about CIS.

    ", + "

    Verify subcontractors

    ", + "

    Before you can pay a new subcontractor, you\u2019ll need to \u2018verify\u2019 them with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    HMRC will tell you:

    ", + "
  • whether they\u2019re registered for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS)
    • ", + "
  • what rate of deduction to use or if you can pay them without making deductions
    • ", + "

    You must also verify subcontractors you\u2019ve used before if you have not included them on a CIS return in the current or last 2 tax years.

    ", + "

    How to verify

    ", + "

    You can verify subcontractors using:

    ", + "
  • the free HMRC CIS online service
    • ", + "
  • commercial CIS software
    • ", + "

    If you need to verify more than 50 subcontractors you\u2019ll need to use commercial CIS software.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    Make sure you have:

    ", + "
  • your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)
    • ", + "
  • the reference number for your HMRC accounts office
    • ", + "
  • your HMRC employer reference
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need your subcontractor\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • UTR
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance number if they\u2019re a sole trader - you cannot verify temporary numbers, which start with \u2018TN\u2019 or 2 digits
    • ", + "
  • company name, company UTR and registration number if they\u2019re a limited company
    • ", + "
  • nominated partner details, trading name and partnership UTR if they\u2019re a partnership
    • ", + "

    The details you provide to verify the subcontractor must exactly match the details the subcontractor used to register with HMRC.

    ", + "

    Make deductions and pay subcontractors

    ", + "

    When you pay a subcontractor, you usually make some deductions from their payments.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you how much to deduct from a subcontractor\u2019s payments when you verify them.

    ", + "

    The Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deduction rates are:

    ", + "
  • 20% for registered subcontractors
    • ", + "
  • 30% for unregistered subcontractors
    • ", + "
  • 0% if the subcontractor has \u2018gross payment\u2019 status - for example they do not have deductions made
    • ", + "

    You must pay these deductions to HMRC - they count as advance payments towards the subcontractor\u2019s tax and National Insurance bill.

    ", + "

    How to make a CIS deduction

    ", + "

    To make a deduction from a subcontractor\u2019s payment, start with the total (gross) amount of the subcontractor\u2019s invoice.

    ", + "

    Take away the amount the subcontractor has paid for:

    ", + "
  • VAT
    • ", + "
  • materials
    • ", + "
  • equipment which is now unusable (\u2018consumable stores\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • fuel used, except for travelling
    • ", + "
  • equipment hired for this job (\u2018plant hire\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • manufacturing or prefabricating materials
    • ", + "

    Only deduct materials the subcontractor has paid for directly. Ask the subcontractor for evidence that they paid for the materials if you\u2019re unsure.

    ", + "

    Finally, deduct the CIS percentage rate (as given to you by HMRC) from the amount left. You\u2019ll be left with the net amount you need to pay the subcontractor.

    ", + "

    Paying subcontractors

    ", + "

    You usually pay your subcontractors directly. But you can pay them through a third party (such as a relative or debt company) if they ask you to.

    ", + "

    If you make deductions, you must give the subcontractor a payment and deduction statement within 14 days of the end of each tax month.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not making payments

    ", + "

    If you know you\u2019re not going to make any payments to subcontractors for up to 6 months, you can ask for your scheme to be made \u2018inactive\u2019. HMRC will not send you any returns for that period.

    ", + "

    You must file a return when you start paying subcontractors again.

    ", + "

    Pay deductions to HMRC

    ", + "

    You must pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) any deductions you\u2019ve made.

    ", + "

    HMRC will set up a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) payment scheme for you when you register as a contractor.

    ", + "

    If you already have employees, HMRC will change your existing PAYE Scheme to a PAYE/CIS scheme. You should make one payment each month or quarter to cover your PAYE tax, National Insurance and CIS deductions.

    ", + "

    When and how to pay

    ", + "

    Pay HMRC every month by the 22nd (or the 19th if you\u2019re paying by post). You may be charged interest and penalties if you pay late.

    ", + "

    Pay CIS deductions to HMRC in the same way as PAYE and National Insurance payments.

    ", + "

    File your monthly returns

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) each month about payments you\u2019ve made to subcontractors through your monthly return.

    ", + "

    You can file returns by using:

    ", + "
  • the HMRC CIS online service
    • ", + "
  • some commercial CIS software
    • ", + "

    On your return, you must declare that the subcontractors listed are not employees.

    ", + "

    You could get a penalty of up to \u00a33,000 if you give the wrong employment status for a subcontractor on your monthly return.

    ", + "

    If you made no payments

    ", + "

    You do not have to file a return for the months when you made no payments to subcontractors, but you must tell HMRC that no return is due.

    ", + "

    You can contact HMRC to make an \u2018inactivity request if you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors. This lasts for 6 months.

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC if you start using subcontractors again.

    ", + "

    Phone lines are currently busier than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can use your online account to tell HMRC.

    ", + "

    Using commercial CIS software

    ", + "

    Your return must not include any negative values if you\u2019re using commercial CIS software.

    ", + "

    If any entries come to less than 0, you should put \u20180\u2019 instead.

    ", + "

    HMRC might ask you later to give details of any entries you\u2019ve replaced.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    Send your monthly returns to HMRC by the 19th of every month following the last tax month.

    ", + "

    Penalties for late returns

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a penalty if you miss the deadline for filing returns.

    ", + "

    The penalty will be cancelled if you let HMRC know that you did not pay any subcontractors that month.

    ", + "How late the return is | Penalty", + "1 day late | \u00a3100", + "2 months late | \u00a3200", + "6 months late | \u00a3300 or 5% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher", + "12 months late | \u00a3300 or 5% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher", + "

    For returns later than this, you may be given an additional penalty of up to \u00a33,000 or 100% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher.

    ", + "

    Pay your late filing penalty.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a penalty

    ", + "

    You can appeal within 30 days of the date on the penalty notice:

    ", + "
  • through HMRC\u2019s online service
    • ", + "
  • by writing to HMRC - quote your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) and the payment reference shown on the notice
    • ", + "

    Correcting or changing returns

    ", + "

    Use the HMRC CIS online service to change or correct something on your return.

    ", + "

    Call the CIS helpline if you need any help with this.

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    Under the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you must keep records of:

    ", + "
  • the gross amount of each payment invoiced by subcontractors, excluding VAT
    • ", + "
  • any deductions you\u2019ve made from subcontractor payments
    • ", + "

    If you made deductions, you must also keep records of the costs of materials the subcontractor invoiced you for, excluding VAT.

    ", + "

    Keep these details for at least 3 years after the end of the tax year they relate to. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) could ask to see your CIS records at any time.

    ", + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a33,000 if you cannot show your CIS records when asked by HMRC.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC about changes

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if:

    ", + "
  • you change address (as an individual or business)
    • ", + "
  • you change your business structure - for example from sole trader to limited company or vice versa
    • ", + "
  • a contractor dies
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a multiple contractor and you take on another contractor\u2019s business - you must tell HMRC within 90 days
    • ", + "

    If you stop trading or using subcontractors

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • tell HMRC
    • ", + "
  • stop filing monthly CIS reports
    • ", + "

    Do this even if you\u2019ve stopped using subcontractors temporarily, for example because you\u2019re using your own employees to carry out work.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors

    ", + "

    You can contact HMRC to make an \u2018inactivity request\u2019 if you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors. This lasts for 6 months.

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC if you start using subcontractors again.

    ", + "

    Phone lines are currently busier than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can use your online account to tell HMRC.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "What you must do as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) subcontractor", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You should register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if you work for a contractor and you\u2019re one of the following:

    ", + "
  • self-employed
    • ", + "
  • the owner of a limited company
    • ", + "
  • a partner in a partnership or trust
    • ", + "

    Under CIS, a contractor must deduct 20% from your payments and pass it to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    These deductions count as advance payments towards your tax and National Insurance bill.

    ", + "

    If you do not register for the scheme, contractors must deduct 30% from your payments instead.

    ", + "

    If you do not want deductions made

    ", + "

    If you do not want deductions to be made in advance by contractors, you can apply for \u2018gross payment status\u2019. You can do this when you register for CIS.

    ", + "

    You do not need to register for CIS if you\u2019re an employee. Check your employment status if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    To register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your legal business name - you can also give a trading name if it\u2019s different to your business name
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance Number
    • ", + "
  • the unique taxpayer reference number (UTR) for your business
    • ", + "
  • your VAT registration number (if you\u2019re VAT registered)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a subcontractor and a contractor (you pay subcontractors to do construction work), you\u2019ll need to register for CIS as both.

    ", + "

    Register as a sole trader

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader and you already have a UTR, you can register for CIS online. You\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for Self Assessment (or another government service).

    ", + "

    You can apply for gross payment status at the same time.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a UTR, register as a new business for Self Assessment and choose \u2018working as a subcontractor\u2019 when prompted. You\u2019ll be registered for Self Assessment and CIS at the same time.

    ", + "

    You can also call the CIS helpline to register.

    ", + "

    Register as another type of business

    ", + "

    Fill in the online form for limited companies or the online form for partnerships.

    ", + "

    HMRC will register the partnership separately to your sole trader registration. They will need the partnership UTR and trading name.

    ", + "

    You are based abroad

    ", + "

    You should still register for CIS if you are a subcontractor based abroad but do construction work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Help and support

    ", + "

    Call the CIS helpline for help with registering.

    ", + "

    You can also sign up for webinars and emails or watch videos from HMRC about CIS.

    ", + "

    Get paid

    ", + "

    To be paid correctly by a contractor, make sure you give them the exact same legal business name or trading name you gave when you registered for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS). You should also give them your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) so they can verify you.

    ", + "

    If you do not, this could affect how much you get paid.

    ", + "

    Deduction rates

    ", + "

    When a contractor pays you under CIS, they\u2019ll normally make deductions at the standard rate of 20%.

    ", + "

    Contractors will make deductions at a higher rate of 30% if:

    ", + "
  • you are not registered for CIS
    • ", + "
  • they cannot verify you
    • ", + "
  • you give the wrong name for your business
    • ", + "

    Your contractor should give you monthly statements of payments and deductions. Use them to calculate whether you still owe tax and National Insurance to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or are due a refund.

    ", + "

    Gross payment status

    ", + "

    You can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS. This means the contractor will not make deductions from your payments and you\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    What does not count as your pay

    ", + "

    Contractors will not make a deduction from amounts you charge on your invoice for:

    ", + "
  • VAT
    • ", + "
  • materials that you have paid for directly
    • ", + "
  • equipment which is now unusable (\u2018consumable stores\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • plant hired for the job
    • ", + "
  • manufacturing or prefabricating materials
    • ", + "

    Pay tax and claim back deductions

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re registered with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you\u2019re still responsible for paying the correct tax and National Insurance for your business, even if deductions have been made by contractors throughout the year.

    ", + "

    Contractors will give you a monthly statement of what they\u2019ve paid you and deductions they\u2019ve made to help with your accounting.

    ", + "

    Sole traders and partners

    ", + "

    At the end of the tax year, send in your Self Assessment tax return as usual. You should record:

    ", + "
  • the full amounts on your invoices as income
    • ", + "
  • any deductions contractors have made in the \u2018CIS deductions\u2019 field
    • ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out your tax and National Insurance bill and take off any deductions made by contractors.

    ", + "

    If you still owe tax after this, you\u2019ll need to pay it by 31 January following the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re due a tax refund, HMRC will pay the money back.

    ", + "

    Limited companies

    ", + "

    If you have gross payment status, declare all your income in your Corporation Tax return as usual.

    ", + "

    If you pay CIS deductions, you must claim these back through your company\u2019s monthly payroll scheme. Do not try to claim back through your Corporation Tax return - you may get a penalty if you do.

    ", + "
  • Send your monthly Full Payment Submission (FPS) as usual to HMRC.
    • ", + "
  • Also send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS). Enter the total CIS deductions for the year to date.
    • ", + "
  • HMRC will take your CIS deductions off what you owe in PAYE tax and National Insurance. Pay the balance by the usual date.
    • ", + "

    If your company\u2019s PAYE bill for the period is reduced to zero and you still have some CIS deductions you have not been able to claim back, carry these forward to the next month or quarter (in the same tax year). Tell HMRC in the EPS that you have nothing to pay.

    ", + "

    If HMRC thinks your claim is wrong

    ", + "

    HMRC may ask you to provide evidence for your CIS deductions or to change your claim.

    ", + "

    If you do not do this by the deadline they give you, you will not be able to make any more claims in that tax year.

    ", + "

    You can appeal HMRC\u2019s decision. They\u2019ll tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Keep records

    ", + "

    Your company must keep a record of amounts claimed back against your monthly or quarterly PAYE bill.

    ", + "

    You can use form CIS132 to do this or keep your own records.

    ", + "

    If you paid too much in CIS deductions

    ", + "

    HMRC will pay back any deductions your company has not been able to claim back from its PAYE bill during the tax year.

    ", + "

    If your company goes into administration

    ", + "

    If your company goes into administration or liquidation, the person managing it should write to HMRC to ask for CIS deductions to be repaid straight away.

    ", + "

    If you do not have all your CIS statements

    ", + "

    If you have not received all the CIS statements you need from your contractor, you can ask them to send you replacement copies.

    ", + "

    If the contractor you\u2019re working for stops trading and you have not been able to get all your CIS statements you should write to HMRC.

    ", + "

    Include the following information:

    ", + "
  • your name, address and Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of the contractor
    • ", + "
  • the contractor\u2019s tax reference - if you know it
    • ", + "
  • the dates of the payments or the tax months when the contractor paid you
    • ", + "
  • the reason why you do not have the statements or duplicates
    • ", + "

    How to get gross payment status

    ", + "

    You can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS.

    ", + "

    This means contractors will pay you in full, without deductions. You\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already registered for CIS, you can apply for gross payment status by calling the CIS helpline or applying online.

    ", + "

    Apply for gross payment status online

    ", + "
  • Sign in to Government Gateway - you\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for CIS. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you register for CIS.
    • ", + "
  • From \u2018Your tax account\u2019, go to \u2018Other services\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Choose \u2018Construction Industry Scheme \u2013 Subcontractors\u2019.
    • ", + "

    To qualify

    ", + "

    You must show HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that your business passes some tests. You\u2019ll need to show that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve paid your tax and National Insurance on time in the past
    • ", + "
  • your business does construction work (or provides labour for it) in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your business is run through a bank account
    • ", + "

    HMRC will look at your turnover for the last 12 months. Ignoring VAT and the cost of materials, your turnover must be at least:

    ", + "
  • \u00a330,000 if you\u2019re a sole trader
    • ", + "
  • \u00a330,000 for each partner in a partnership, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole partnership
    • ", + "
  • \u00a330,000 for each director of a company, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole company
    • ", + "

    If your company\u2019s controlled by 5 people or fewer, you must have an annual turnover of \u00a330,000 for each of them.

    ", + "

    You could be fined if you provide false information or help someone else to make a false application.

    ", + "

    Paying tax when you have gross payment status

    ", + "

    You must declare your payments as income at the end of the tax year in:

    ", + "
  • your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner
    • ", + "
  • your Corporation Tax return if you own a limited company
    • ", + "

    Annual review

    ", + "

    If you have gross payment status, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will review your business every year, to decide if you can keep your status.

    ", + "

    You must be on time with your tax returns and payments to keep your gross payment status.

    ", + "

    If you run a limited company, HMRC will review the company itself, rather than individual directors or shareholders.

    ", + "

    You do not meet all the conditions

    ", + "

    You could fail the review and HMRC will remove your gross payment status. You\u2019ll be allowed a small amount of late payments or returns.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you have problems paying your tax on time. If HMRC give you more time to pay, this will not affect your gross payment status.

    ", + "

    You fail your review

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter explaining you\u2019re about to fail the review, along with the reasons why.

    ", + "

    If you disagree, you can write back with your reasons.

    ", + "

    If HMRC accept your explanation, they will not remove your gross payment status.

    ", + "

    If you do not reply to the letter or HMRC does not accept your explanation, they\u2019ll write to explain:

    ", + "
  • what conditions you have not met
    • ", + "
  • that they\u2019re withdrawing your gross payment status in 90 days
    • ", + "

    If you think HMRC have made the wrong decision, you have 30 days from the date of this letter to appeal.

    ", + "

    Reapplying for gross payment status

    ", + "

    If HMRC cancel your gross payment status, you need to wait a year from the date of the cancellation before you can reapply.

    ", + "

    Changes you need to report

    ", + "

    Report changes by calling the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) helpline.

    ", + "

    Tell them if you:

    ", + "
  • change from a sole trader to a partnership
    • ", + "
  • leave a partnership or company to become a sole trader
    • ", + "
  • create a company or change your business to a company
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to register again for CIS - as you cannot transfer the registration from your old business structure.

    ", + "

    If you have gross payment status, you\u2019ll need to apply again.

    ", + "

    You must also tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:

    ", + "
  • change your trading name
    • ", + "
  • change your business, private or registered office address
    • ", + "
  • stop trading
    • ", + "
  • add new shareholders - HMRC may withdraw your gross payment status if you do not tell them within 30 days
    • ", + "

    Stop trading

    ", + "

    If your business goes into administration it can keep receiving payments for work it\u2019s done under CIS. It should be paid in the same way that it was paid normally - either gross or under deduction.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Work out your capital allowances", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/work-out-capital-allowances", + "contents": [ + "

    Writing down allowances

    ", + "

    When you buy business assets you can usually deduct the full value from your profits before tax using annual investment allowance (AIA).

    ", + "

    Use writing down allowances instead if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve already claimed AIA on items worth a total of more than the AIA amount
    • ", + "
  • the item doesn\u2019t qualify for AIA (for example, cars, gifts or things you owned before you used them in your business)
    • ", + "

    Writing down allowances is when you deduct a percentage of the value of an item from your profits each year.

    ", + "

    The percentage you deduct depends on the item. For business cars the rate depends on their CO2 emissions.

    ", + "

    Work out the value of your item

    ", + "

    In most cases, the value is what you paid for the item. Use the market value (the amount you\u2019d expect to sell it for) instead if:

    ", + "
  • you owned it before you started using it in your business
    • ", + "
  • it was a gift
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Group the things you\u2019ve bought into \u2018pools\u2019 based on the percentage rate they qualify for.

    ", + "

    When you know the rate for your items, work out how much you can claim and deduct it from your profits before tax on your tax return.

    ", + "

    The amount left in each pool becomes the starting balance for the next accounting period.

    ", + "

    Rates and pools

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming writing down allowances, group items into pools depending on which rate they qualify for.

    ", + "

    The 3 types of pool are the:

    ", + "
  • main pool with a rate of 18%
    • ", + "
  • special rate pool with a rate of 6%
    • ", + "
  • single asset pools with a rate of 18% or 6% depending on the item
    • ", + "

    Main rate pool

    ", + "

    Add the value of all \u2018plant and machinery\u2019 you\u2019ve bought to the main rate pool, unless they\u2019re in:

    ", + "
  • the special rate pool
    • ", + "
  • a single asset pool (for example, because you have chosen to treat them as \u2018short life\u2019 assets or you\u2019ve used them outside your business)
    • ", + "

    Special rate pool

    ", + "

    You have to claim a lower rate of 6% on:

    ", + "
  • parts of a building considered integral - known as \u2018integral features\u2019
    • ", + "
  • items with a long life
    • ", + "
  • thermal insulation of buildings
    • ", + "
  • cars with CO2 emissions over a certain threshold - check the threshold for your car, which depends on the car and when you bought it
    • ", + "

    You can claim AIA on these items apart from cars. Only claim writing down allowances at 6% if you\u2019ve already claimed AIA on items worth a total of more than the AIA amount.

    ", + "

    Integral features

    ", + "

    Integral features are:

    ", + "
  • lifts, escalators and moving walkways
    • ", + "
  • space and water heating systems
    • ", + "
  • air-conditioning and air cooling systems
    • ", + "
  • hot and cold water systems (but not toilet and kitchen facilities)
    • ", + "
  • electrical systems, including lighting systems
    • ", + "
  • external solar shading
    • ", + "

    Buildings themselves don\u2019t qualify for capital allowances.

    ", + "

    Items with a long life

    ", + "

    These are items with a useful life of at least 25 years from when they were new.

    ", + "

    Put them in the special rate pool if the value of all the long-life items you buy in a single accounting period (the tax year if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner) adds up to \u00a3100,000. Put them in the main rate pool if their total value is less than \u00a3100,000.

    ", + "

    This \u00a3100,000 limit is adjusted if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.

    ", + "

    Single asset pools

    ", + "

    You might need to create one or more separate pools for single assets that:

    ", + "
  • have a short life (for assets you aren\u2019t going to keep for a long time)
    • ", + "
  • you use outside your business if you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner
    • ", + "

    Short life assets

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to you to decide whether you want to treat something as a short life asset. You can\u2019t include:

    ", + "
  • cars
    • ", + "
  • items you also use outside your business
    • ", + "
  • special rate items
    • ", + "

    Large numbers of very similar items can be pooled together (for example, crockery in a restaurant).

    ", + "

    The pool ends when you sell the asset. This means you can claim the capital allowances over a shorter period.

    ", + "

    Move the balance into your main pool in your next accounting period or tax year if you\u2019re still using the item after 8 years.

    ", + "

    Let HMRC know

    ", + "

    Let HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) know on your tax return if you\u2019re a limited company and you decide to create a short life asset pool. You must do this within 2 years of the end of the tax year when you bought the item.

    ", + "

    Let HMRC know in writing if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner - include how much the item cost and when you acquired it. The deadline is the online filing deadline (31 January) for the tax year after the one you bought the item in.

    ", + "

    Things you also use outside your business

    ", + "

    If you use an item outside your business and you\u2019re a sole trader or partner, put it in a separate pool.

    ", + "

    Work out your capital allowances at the main rate (18%) or the special rate (6%) depending on what the item is.

    ", + "

    Reduce the amount of capital allowances you can claim by the amount you use the asset outside your business.

    ", + "

    If your accounting period is more or less than 12 months

    ", + "

    You need to adjust the amount of writing down allowances you can claim if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.

    ", + "

    Items you\u2019ve claimed AIA or first year allowances on

    ", + "

    Record any items you\u2019ve claimed annual investment allowance (AIA) or first year allowances on in the pool they qualify for. If you claim the full cost of an item you\u2019ll need to write down their value as zero. This will help you to work out whether you owe tax if you sell them.

    ", + "

    Items not claimed

    ", + "

    Add costs you haven\u2019t claimed first year allowances or annual investment allowance (AIA) on to the pool in the following year.

    ", + "

    What to do next

    ", + "

    When you know the rate for your items, work out how much you can claim.

    ", + "

    Work out what you can claim

    ", + "

    You can claim the full cost of the item if you\u2019re claiming:

    ", + "
  • annual investment allowance (AIA)
    • ", + "
  • first year allowances
    • ", + "

    You claim based on the rate for items that don\u2019t qualify for AIA or first year allowances.

    ", + "

    Work out your allowance

    ", + "

    Work out what you can claim separately for each pool.

    ", + "
  • Take your closing balance from your last accounting period.
    • ", + "
  • Add the value of anything you\u2019ve bought or been given in the current period that qualifies for this pool. Only include VAT if you\u2019re not VAT registered.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct the value of anything you sold or \u2018disposed of\u2019 that originally qualified for this pool.
    • ", + "
  • Work out how much you can claim using the correct rate.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct the amount you can claim from the pool to get the closing balance. This is known as the \u2018tax written down value\u2019.
    • ", + "

    Items you use outside your business

    ", + "

    For items that are in a single asset pool because you\u2019ve used them outside your business, reduce the amount you can claim by the amount you use them privately.

    ", + "

    You still deduct the full amount from your pool to get the closing balance.

    ", + "

    Items you use privately that aren\u2019t in a single asset pool

    ", + "

    If you start using something outside your business that you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances on:

    ", + "
  • add the market value of the item (the amount you\u2019d expect to sell it for) to a single asset pool
    • ", + "
  • deduct the same amount from the pool it was in
    • ", + "

    If the amount you deduct is more than the balance in the pool, the difference is a \u2018balancing charge\u2019 - you must put it on your tax return.

    ", + "

    Claiming less than you\u2019re entitled to

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to claim the full amount you\u2019re entitled to. If you only claim part, the rest stays in your closing balance.

    ", + "

    If you have \u00a31,000 or less in your pool

    ", + "

    You can claim the full amount if the balance in your main or special rate pool is \u00a31,000 or less before you work out your allowance.

    ", + "

    This is called a small pools allowance. It doesn\u2019t apply to single asset pools. You can either claim a small pools allowance or writing down allowances - you can\u2019t claim both.

    ", + "

    This amount is adjusted if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Claim on your tax return.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Your limited company's first accounts and Company Tax Return", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/first-company-accounts-and-return", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When you set up your limited company, you automatically get different reporting dates for the first:

    ", + "
  • annual accounts you send to Companies House
    • ", + "
  • Company Tax Return you send to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "

    You may also have to send (\u2018file\u2019) 2 tax returns to cover your first year in business.

    ", + "

    Annual accounts

    ", + "

    Your first accounts usually cover more than 12 months. This is because they:

    ", + "
  • start on the day your company was set up (\u2018incorporated\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • end on the \u2018accounting reference date\u2019 that Companies House sets for the end of your company\u2019s financial year - this is the last day of the month your company was set up
    • ", + "

    Company Tax Return

    ", + "

    The period covered by your tax return (your \u2018accounting period\u2019 for Corporation Tax) can\u2019t be longer than 12 months. So you may have to file 2 tax returns to cover the period of your first accounts. If you do, you\u2019ll also have 2 payment deadlines.

    ", + "

    In following years you then normally only file one tax return - and it will usually cover the same financial year as your accounts.

    ", + "

    What you must do

    ", + "

    The dates of your first tax return - and whether you file 2 or one - depend on whether your company:

    ", + "
  • started trading on the same day it was set up
    • ", + "
  • didn\u2019t start trading until after it was set up
    • ", + "

    You started trading the day your company set up

    ", + "

    File 2 Company Tax Returns if your company started trading on the same day it was set up - one for your company\u2019s first 12 months and one for the rest of the time covered by your company\u2019s first accounts.

    ", + "

    Example

    ", + "Action | Date", + "Company set up and started trading | 11 May 2013", + "First accounting period for Corporation Tax ends | 10 May 2014", + "Accounting reference date | 31 May 2014", + "Second accounting period for Corporation Tax ends | 31 May 2014", + "

    Prepare your first set of accounts for 11 May 2013 to 31 May 2014. Then file your:

    ", + "
  • first tax return for 11 May 2013 to 10 May 2014
    • ", + "
  • second tax return for 11 to 31 May 2014
    • ", + "

    After you do this, your accounts and tax returns will normally cover your company\u2019s financial year from 1 June to 31 May.

    ", + "

    You started trading after your company set up

    ", + "

    Limited companies can be \u2018dormant\u2019 for Corporation Tax between setting up (\u2018incorporating\u2019) and starting to trade for the first time.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has detailed guidance on what counts as dormant for Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    You tell HMRC the date that you started to trade when you register for Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    What you have to do if your company was dormant depends on whether you registered for Corporation Tax before your accounting reference date.

    ", + "

    You registered for Corporation Tax before your accounting reference date

    ", + "

    You usually:

    ", + "
  • don\u2019t file a tax return for the period you were dormant
    • ", + "
  • prepare your first tax return to cover the period you were trading
    • ", + "

    File 2 tax returns if you were trading for more than 12 months - one for the first 12 months of trading and one for the rest of the time.

    ", + "

    Example

    ", + "Action | Date", + "Company set up | 11 May 2013", + "Started trading | 22 July 2013", + "Register for Corporation Tax | 26 August 2013", + "Accounting reference date | 31 May 2014", + "

    Prepare accounts for 11 May 2013 to 31 May 2014. Then file one tax return for your trading period from 22 July 2013 to 31 May 2014.

    ", + "

    After you do this, your dates for accounts and tax returns will normally match your company\u2019s financial year from 1 June to 31 May every year.

    ", + "

    Check the \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019 you get after your first year. If it covers your dormant and trading periods you must file 2 tax returns - one for your trading period and one for your dormant period.

    ", + "

    You didn\u2019t register for Corporation Tax before your accounting reference date

    ", + "

    You must file 2 tax returns - one for the period you were dormant and one for the period you were trading.

    ", + "

    Example:

    ", + "Action | Date", + "Company set up | 11 May 2013", + "Started trading | 22 July 2013", + "Accounting reference date | 31 May 2014", + "

    Prepare one set of accounts for 11 May 2013 to 31 May 2014. Then file your:

    ", + "
  • first tax return for your dormant period from 11 May to 21 July 2013
    • ", + "
  • second tax return for your trading period from 22 July 2013 to 31 May 2014
    • ", + "

    After you do this, your dates for accounts and tax returns will normally match your company\u2019s financial year from 1 June to 31 May every year.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Find software for filing company documents", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-filing-software", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can use software to file your company accounts, file changes to your details and returns to Companies House electronically.

    ", + "

    You can also file your annual accounts and confirmation statement (previously annual return) with Companies House online.

    ", + "

    Using software or filing online you\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • be less likely to get late filing penalties
    • ", + "
  • get confirmation that your documents have been received
    • ", + "
  • find out if they\u2019re accepted or rejected
    • ", + "

    How to file electronically

    ", + "

    You must register for an online filing account - fill in the online filing credit account application form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You can then either:

    ", + "
  • get a software package from a Companies House (and HMRC) authorised provider
    • ", + "
  • develop your own software - request a copy of the Companies House technical specifications by emailing xml@companieshouse.gov.uk
    • ", + "

    Filing annual accounts, returns and tax accounts

    ", + "

    Companies House has tested the software listed.

    ", + "

    You should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features, for example if you need software to deal with inactive accounts (sometimes called \u2018dormant accounts\u2019).

    ", + "

    You must first register as an electronic filer.

    ", + "

    The following is a list of software and the kinds of accounts you can use it for.

    ", + "Supplier | Product | Dormant | Micro Entity | Abridged | Small | Full", + "Ajaccts | AJACCTS | Yes | Yes | - | - | -", + "Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Anglia Registrars Ltd | Inform Direct | Yes | Yes | - | - | -", + "BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Capium Limited | Capium Accounts Production | Yes | - | Yes | - | -", + "CaseWare UK | CaseWare Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Easy Digital Filing | Easy Digital Filing | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | -", + "Eureka Software | Eureka Software | - | Yes | Yes | Yes | -", + "Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | Yes", + "gbooks | gbooks Company Accounts | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | Yes", + "IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Keytime | Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Quality Management Software Ltd | CT600CH | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Taxfiler | Taxfiler Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | -", + "Thomson Reuters | Digita | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Thomson Reuters | ONESOURCE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "VT Software Limited | VT Filer | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Xero | Xero Tax | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | -", + "

    Software for Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs)

    ", + "Supplier | Product", + "Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Accounts Production", + "BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution", + "CaseWare UK | CaseWare Accounts Production", + "CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag", + "CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production", + "CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse", + "Eureka Software | Eureka Software", + "Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC", + "gbooks | gbooks Company Accounts", + "IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production", + "IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production", + "Keytime | Accounts Production", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced", + "Taxfiler | Taxfiler Accounts Production", + "Thomson Reuters | Digita", + "VT Software Limited | VT Filer", + "

    Software for charities

    ", + "Supplier | Product", + "BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution", + "CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag", + "CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production", + "CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse", + "Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC", + "IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production", + "IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production", + "Keytime | Accounts Production", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced", + "

    Uploading your accounts to Companies House

    ", + "

    Tax account software generates electronic accounts in Inline eXtensible Reporting Language (iXBRL).

    ", + "

    The following software has a direct filing link to Companies House:

    ", + "Supplier | Product", + "eFile Ready Limited | eCompany Services", + "

    The following software can validate your iXBRL:

    ", + "Supplier | Product", + "Xmetric Limited | Surefile Accounts", + "

    Filing other company information

    ", + "

    Companies House has tested and authorised software for filing information about:

    ", + "
  • incorporations (registering a new company)
    • ", + "
  • changes to your company, for example directors joining or leaving, changing a registered address, and filing annual returns
    • ", + "
  • mortgages, for example when they\u2019re paid or part-paid
    • ", + "

    You should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features.

    ", + "Supplier | Product(s) | Incorporations | Secretarial | Mortgages", + "121 Company Formation Ltd | 121 Company Formation | Yes | Yes | No", + "Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Company Secretarial | Yes | Yes | No", + "Advanced | Cloud Forms (Laserform Hub) | No | Yes | MR01, MR02, MR04 and MR05", + "angelPRO Limited | VenturePro | No | Yes | No", + "Anglia Registrars Ltd | Inform Direct | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "BGL Corporate Solutions Ptd Ltd | Corporate Affairs System (CAS) | Yes | Yes | No", + "BHIS Limited | PC Share Register Plus | Yes | Yes | No", + "BritDAQ | BritDAQ Cosec | No | Yes | No", + "BTC Software Limited | CS Solution | Yes | Yes | No", + "Build and Prosper Ltd | File Direct 6 | Yes | Yes | No", + "CFS International Formations LTD | CFS Formations and Free Secretarial Package | Yes | Yes | No", + "The Company Formation Wizard | Company Formation Wizard | Yes | Yes | No", + "Computershare Governance Services | Global Entity Management System (GEMS), Secretariat One (S1) | Yes | Yes | No", + "Corporatek | EnGlobe, GlobalAct | No | Yes | No", + "Diligent Entities | Blueprint | Yes | Yes | MR04, MR05 only", + "Efaze Ltd BVI | Efaze.com company formations | Yes | Yes | No", + "eFile Ready Limited | eCompany Services | Yes | Yes | No", + "E Filing Limited | E Filing Limited | Yes | Yes | No", + "First Corporate | First Order | Yes | Yes | No", + "Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC | Yes | Yes | No", + "Formations Direct | Vectis | Yes | Yes | No", + "FormEvo | FormEvo | No | Yes | MR01, MR02, MR04 and MR05", + "gbooks | gbooks Company Forms, gbooks Incorporation | Yes | Yes | No", + "Info Commerce Limited | Acs1, Sec1, Inc1 | Yes | Yes | No", + "IRIS Software | IRIS Accountancy Suite | Yes | Yes | No", + "Jordans Limited | Incorporator, Forming Companies, My Formations, PCSec administration software | Yes | Yes | No", + "Keytime Objective Ltd | Company Secretarial | No | Yes | No", + "Kudocs | Kudocs | Yes | Yes | No", + "LTDONLINE Ltd | LTDONLINE | Yes | Yes | No", + "Online Filings Ltd | Online Filings | Yes | Yes | No", + "Oswalds (Jordans [Scotland] Ltd) | Incorporator, Forming Companies, PCSec administration software | Yes | Yes | No", + "Oyez | The Oyez Gateway | No | No | Yes", + "Panlegis (Malta) Limited | Panlegis (Malta) Limited | Yes | Yes | No", + "Principal Consultancy Ltd | Your Limited Company | Yes | Yes | No", + "Armadillo | Armadillo e-Incorp | Yes | Yes | No", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced, Sage Company Secretarial | No | Yes | No", + "Thomson Reuters | Onvio Formations | Yes | No | No", + "zetVisions AG | zetVisions CIM | No | Yes | No" + ] + }, + { + "title": "Avoid and report anti-competitive activity", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    All businesses, whatever their size, must understand how they\u2019re affected by competition law.

    ", + "

    You must follow the rules on all types of anti-competitive activity including:

    ", + "
  • price fixing, bid rigging and other ways of agreeing not to compete (sometimes called \u2018cartels\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • abuse of a dominant market position
    • ", + "

    You should manage the risk of breaking the law, for example by having clear policies, guidelines and training for your staff.

    ", + "

    You can report anti-competitive activity if you think another business is breaking the law, or if you might have been involved yourself.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re involved in anti-competitive activity

    ", + "

    Your business can be fined up to 10% of its worldwide turnover and sued for damages.

    ", + "

    You can be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years if you\u2019re found guilty of being involved in cartel activity.

    ", + "

    Company directors can be disqualified from being a director for up to 15 years.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme if you think something your business is doing might break the law.

    ", + "

    Types of anti-competitive activity

    ", + "

    You must avoid all types of anti-competitive activity in your business including:

    ", + "
  • agreeing not to compete with another business
    • ", + "
  • abusing a dominant position
    • ", + "

    You can report anti-competitive activity if you see it.

    ", + "

    Agreeing not to compete with another business (\u2018cartels\u2019)

    ", + "

    If 2 or more businesses agree not to compete with each other in certain ways, it\u2019s called a \u2018cartel\u2019.

    ", + "

    The rules on cartels apply to businesses of any size.

    ", + "

    Rules about cartels cover:

    ", + "
  • price fixing
    • ", + "
  • bid rigging
    • ", + "
  • sharing markets or customers
    • ", + "
  • sharing commercially sensitive information
    • ", + "

    An agreement does not have to be in writing for it to be illegal. You can break the law if you have an informal conversation (or \u2018gentleman\u2019s agreement\u2019) with another business, even if the agreement is not carried out.

    ", + "

    You can work with other businesses without breaking competition law. Get legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme if you need to, and make sure you manage any risks.

    ", + "

    Price fixing

    ", + "

    You must not discuss the prices you\u2019re going to charge your customers with your competitors.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be breaking the law if you agree with another business:

    ", + "
  • to charge the same prices to your customers
    • ", + "
  • to offer discounts or increase your prices at the same time
    • ", + "
  • to charge the same fees to intermediaries, for example retailers selling your products
    • ", + "

    Bid rigging

    ", + "

    You cannot discuss bids for a contract tender with your competitors. Bid rigging includes:

    ", + "
  • agreeing with your competitors how much you\u2019ll bid for a contract or share information about your bid
    • ", + "
  • taking turns to win contracts
    • ", + "
  • asking other businesses to bid when they do not want the contract (called \u2018cover bids\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • paying other businesses not to bid or when you win a tender
    • ", + "
  • agreeing with other businesses not to bid or to withdrawing your bid
    • ", + "

    Market sharing

    ", + "

    You cannot agree with other businesses to share markets or customers. You\u2019ll be breaking competition law if you agree with another business:

    ", + "
  • not to approach each other\u2019s customers
    • ", + "
  • not to compete with them for customers, for example in specific locations
    • ", + "

    Sharing information

    ", + "

    You cannot share information with other businesses that might reduce competition between you, for example information about:

    ", + "
  • prices
    • ", + "
  • production
    • ", + "
  • your suppliers, customers or contractors
    • ", + "
  • the markets you sell or plan to sell to
    • ", + "

    This includes sharing information through a third party, for example a trade association.

    ", + "

    Abusing a dominant position

    ", + "

    Your business might have a \u2018dominant position\u2019 in the market if:

    ", + "
  • it has more than a 40% market share
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s not affected by normal competitive restraints
    • ", + "

    You might be abusing your dominant position if you\u2019re unfair to your customers or other businesses, for example you:

    ", + "
  • treat customers differently, for example by offering different prices or terms to similar customers
    • ", + "
  • make customers buy products they do not want, for example forcing them to take warranties for electrical products
    • ", + "
  • charge low prices that do not cover your costs so you drive out competitors
    • ", + "

    If you think you have a dominant market position, get legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme to find out what you can and cannot do.

    ", + "

    Other anti-competitive activities

    ", + "

    You must avoid other activities that break competition law, eg:

    ", + "
  • buying or selling jointly with your competitors
    • ", + "
  • agreeing with your competitors to reduce production of something to raise its market value
    • ", + "
  • restricting how much other businesses can sell your product for
    • ", + "
  • agreeing with your competitors not to sell to certain customers or deal with certain suppliers
    • ", + "
  • having long-term exclusive contracts with any customers or suppliers
    • ", + "

    Manage risk

    ", + "

    The people who run your business are responsible for ensuring it does not break competition law. You should:

    ", + "
  • work out where your business is at risk and how serious any risks are
    • ", + "
  • set up policies, guidelines and training for your staff if you need to
    • ", + "

    Your business can still be given a penalty and sued for damages even if your senior managers did not know about the illegal activity.

    ", + "

    Work out if your business is at risk

    ", + "

    You\u2019re more likely to be at risk if:

    ", + "
  • you or your employees have contact with your competitors, for example at conferences or trade association meetings
    • ", + "
  • your employees regularly move to or from jobs with your competitors
    • ", + "
  • you have partnerships with your competitors, for example joint buying or selling
    • ", + "
  • you have any long-term exclusive contracts with any customers or suppliers
    • ", + "
  • your business has a dominant position in any market where you do business
    • ", + "

    Set up policies, guidelines and training

    ", + "

    You should ask a senior member of staff, for example a director, to make sure your employees know how to avoid and report anti-competitive behaviour.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s further guidance from the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) on reducing the risk of your business breaking the law.

    ", + "

    Report anti-competitive activity

    ", + "

    The way you report anti-competitive activity depends on the type of activity.

    ", + "

    Report a cartel

    ", + "

    A cartel is where two or more businesses agree not to compete with each other, for example by sharing a market or fixing prices.

    ", + "

    Contact the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) cartels hotline if you:

    ", + "
  • know about a cartel
    • ", + "
  • have been involved in one
    • ", + "

    You may:

    ", + "
  • get a financial reward for information that leads to an investigation
    • ", + "
  • be treated with leniency if you report a cartel you\u2019ve been involved with
    • ", + "

    Report other anti-competitive activity

    ", + "

    Tell the CMA if you have concerns about anti-competitive activity. Email general.enquiries@cma.gov.uk with the following information:

    ", + "
  • your contact details
    • ", + "
  • the business you have concerns about and a description of the issue along with any supporting evidence
    • ", + "
  • the market area according to the UK Standard Classification Index
    • ", + "
  • details of any other organisations you have contacted
    • ", + "

    If you want help with a consumer problem, contact Citizens Advice (or the Financial Conduct Authority for consumer credit-related issues).

    ", + "

    Report your concerns to an industry regulator

    ", + "

    You can also report concerns about anti-competitive activity in certain sectors to a regulator. These are:

    ", + "
  • Civil Aviation Authority for airports and air traffic services
    • ", + "
  • Financial Conduct Authority for financial services in the UK
    • ", + "
  • Monitor for health services in England
    • ", + "
  • Ofcom for television, radio, telephone, postal and internet services
    • ", + "
  • Ofgem for gas and electricity in England, Wales and Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Ofwat for water and sewage services in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • Office of Road and Rail for railways in England, Wales and Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Payment Systems Regulator for payment systems in the UK
    • ", + "
  • Utility Regulator for gas, electricity, water and sewerage in Northern Ireland
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Director's loans", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/directors-loans", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A director\u2019s loan is when you (or other close family members) get money from your company that is not:

    ", + "
  • a salary, dividend or expense repayment
    • ", + "
  • money you\u2019ve previously paid into or loaned the company
    • ", + "

    Records you must keep

    ", + "

    You must keep a record of any money you borrow from or pay into the company - this record is usually known as a \u2018director\u2019s loan account\u2019.

    ", + "

    At the end of your company\u2019s financial year

    ", + "

    Include any money you owe the company or the company owes you on the \u2018balance sheet\u2019 in your annual accounts.

    ", + "

    Tax on loans

    ", + "

    You may have to pay tax on director\u2019s loans. Your company may also have to pay tax if you\u2019re a shareholder (sometimes called a \u2018participator\u2019) as well as a director.

    ", + "

    Your personal and company tax responsibilities depend on whether the director\u2019s loan account is:

    ", + "
  • overdrawn - you owe the company
    • ", + "
  • in credit - the company owes you
    • ", + "

    If you owe your company money

    ", + "

    You or your company may have to pay tax if you take a director\u2019s loan.

    ", + "

    Your personal and company tax responsibilities depend on how the loan is settled. You also need to check if you have extra tax responsibilities if:

    ", + "
  • the loan was more than \u00a310,000 (\u00a35,000 in 2013-14)
    • ", + "
  • you paid your company interest on the loan below the official rate
    • ", + " | Your company\u2019s responsibilities if you\u2019re a shareholder and director | Your personal responsibilities when you get a director\u2019s loan", + "You repay the loan within 9 months of the end of your Corporation Tax accounting period | Use form CT600A when you prepare your Company Tax Return to show the amount owed at the end of the accounting period.If the loan was more than \u00a35,000 (and you took another loan of \u00a35,000 or more up to 30 days before or after you repaid it) pay Corporation Tax at 32.5% of the original loan, or 25% if the loan was made before 6 April 2016. After you permanently repay the original loan, you can reclaim the Corporation Tax - but not interest.If the loan was more than \u00a315,000 (and you arranged another loan when you repaid it) pay Corporation Tax at 32.5% of the original loan, or 25% if the loan was made before 6 April 2016. After you permanently repay the original loan, you can reclaim the Corporation Tax - but not interest. | No responsibilities", + "You do not repay the loan within 9 months of the end of your Corporation Tax accounting period | Use form CT600A when you prepare your Company Tax Return to show the amount owed at the end of the accounting period. Pay Corporation Tax at 32.5% of the outstanding amount, or 25% if the loan was made before 6 April 2016. Interest on this Corporation Tax will be added until the Corporation Tax is paid or the loan is repaid. You can reclaim the Corporation Tax - but not interest. | No responsibilities", + "The loan is \u2018written off\u2019 or \u2018released\u2019 (not repaid) | Deduct Class 1 National Insurance through the company\u2019s payroll. | Pay Income Tax on the loan through a Self Assessment tax return", + "

    If the loan was more than \u00a310,000 (\u00a35,000 in 2013-14)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a shareholder and director and you owe your company more than \u00a310,000 (\u00a35,000 in 2013 to 2014) at any time in the year, your company must:

    ", + "
  • treat the loan as a \u2018benefit in kind\u2019
    • ", + "
  • deduct Class 1 National Insurance
    • ", + "

    You must report the loan on a personal Self Assessment tax return. You may have to pay tax on the loan at the official rate of interest.

    ", + "

    If you paid interest below the official rate

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a shareholder and director, your company must:

    ", + "
  • record interest you pay below the official rate as company income
    • ", + "
  • treat the discounted interest as a \u2018benefit in kind\u2019
    • ", + "

    You must report the interest on a personal Self Assessment tax return. You may have to pay tax on the difference between the official rate and the rate you paid.

    ", + "

    Reclaim Corporation Tax

    ", + "

    Your company can reclaim the Corporation Tax it pays on a director\u2019s loan that\u2019s been repaid, written off or released. You cannot reclaim any interest paid on the Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    Claim after the relief is due - this is 9 months and 1 day after the end of the Corporation Tax accounting period when the loan was repaid, written off or released. You will not be repaid before this.

    ", + "

    You must claim within 4 years (or 6 years if the loan was repaid on or before 31 March 2010).

    ", + "

    Reclaiming within 2 years

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re reclaiming within 2 years of the end of the accounting period when the loan was taken out, use form CT600A to claim when you prepare a Company Tax Return for that accounting period or amend it online.

    ", + "

    Use form L2P with your Company Tax Return instead if either:

    ", + "
  • your tax return is for a different accounting period than the one when the loan was taken out
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re amending your tax return in writing
    • ", + "

    Tell HMRC how you want the repayment in your Company Tax Return.

    ", + "

    Reclaiming after 2 years

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re reclaiming 2 years or more after the end of the accounting period when the loan was taken out, fill in form L2P and either include it with your latest Company Tax Return or post it separately.

    ", + "

    HMRC will repay your company by either:

    ", + "
  • using the details you gave in your latest Company Tax Return
    • ", + "
  • sending a cheque to your company\u2019s registered office address
    • ", + "

    If you lend your company money

    ", + "

    Your company does not pay Corporation Tax on money you lend it.

    ", + "

    If you charge interest

    ", + "

    Interest you charge your company on a loan counts as both:

    ", + "
  • a business expense for your company
    • ", + "
  • personal income for you
    • ", + "

    You must report the income on a personal Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    Your company must:

    ", + "
  • pay you the interest less Income Tax at the basic rate of 20%
    • ", + "
  • report and pay the Income Tax every quarter using form CT61
    • ", + "

    You can request form CT61 online or call HM Revenue and Customs.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Make changes to your private limited company", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-changes-to-your-limited-company", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House if you change your company\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • directors and company secretaries, including changes to their details
    • ", + "
  • type, for example becoming a public limited company or unlimited company
    • ", + "
  • share, for example issuing new shares or changing your share structure
    • ", + "
  • constitution and articles of association - how your company is run
    • ", + "
  • mortgages and loan guarantees (sometimes called \u2018charges\u2019), for example if the company takes out a secured loan
    • ", + "

    You may need your company\u2019s agreement before you can make some changes.

    ", + "

    You may also need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about company changes.

    ", + "

    When to tell Companies House

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House within 14 days if you make changes to:

    ", + "
  • where you keep your company records
    • ", + "
  • your directors, or their personal details change, for example their address
    • ", + "
  • company secretaries
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House within 15 days if you make changes to your constitution or articles of association.

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House within a month if you issue more shares in your company.

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House all other changes within 21 days.

    ", + "

    How to tell Companies House

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • use the Companies House online service if it\u2019s available for the change you need to make
    • ", + "
  • download and fill in paper forms
    • ", + "

    Get agreement from your company

    ", + "

    You usually need to get directors or entitled shareholders to vote (known as \u2018passing a resolution\u2019) on whether or not to make some changes.

    ", + "

    Things that usually need a resolution include:

    ", + "
  • changing your company name
    • ", + "
  • removing a director
    • ", + "
  • changing your company\u2019s constitution and articles of association - how your company is run
    • ", + "
  • changing your company\u2019s share structure
    • ", + "

    Most resolutions simply need more shareholders to agree than disagree (called an \u2018ordinary resolution\u2019). They may be simply done by a show of hands at a meeting. Ordinary resolutions are used for most routine changes, for example, increasing a company\u2019s share capital.

    ", + "

    Some decisions, for example changing your articles, might require a 75% or even 95% majority (called a \u2018special resolution\u2019 or \u2018extraordinary resolution\u2019).

    ", + "

    Your company articles will usually tell you if you need a resolution, and what type it should be.

    ", + "

    You must let your shareholders (and auditors if relevant) know when there\u2019s going to be a vote on a resolution.

    ", + "

    You must file special or extraordinary resolutions with Companies House within 15 days of passing them.

    ", + "

    Shareholder voting for special and extraordinary resolutions

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re working out the majority in special or extraordinary resolutions you count the number of shares that give the owner the right to vote, rather than the number of shareholders.

    ", + "

    How to hold a resolution

    ", + "

    You do not always need to have a meeting to pass a resolution. If enough shareholders or directors have told you they agree, you can usually confirm the resolution in writing.

    ", + "

    You must write to all shareholders letting them know about the outcome of a resolution.

    ", + "

    Company name

    ", + "

    A company can change its name either by:

    ", + "
  • a special resolution
    • ", + "
  • permission given in the company\u2019s articles of association
    • ", + "

    Your new name must follow all the rules for company names.

    ", + "

    Your company name will not officially change until Companies House registers it.

    ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    You can use the Companies House online service to file changes of name by special resolution only.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a38 to file, or \u00a330 for the same-day service.

    ", + "

    Register by post

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying by special resolution

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form NM01.

    ", + "

    You must attach a copy of your resolution with your application.

    ", + "

    Send your form and a cheque for \u00a310 to the address on the form, or \u00a350 for the same-day service.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registering with permission from the articles of association

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form NM04.

    ", + "

    Send your form and a cheque for \u00a310 to the address on the form, or \u00a350 for the same-day service.

    ", + "

    Company address

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House if you want to change:

    ", + "
  • your registered office address
    • ", + "
  • the address where you keep your records, and which records you\u2019ll keep there
    • ", + "

    Your address will not officially change until it\u2019s registered at Companies House.

    ", + "

    Your company\u2019s new addresses must be in the same part of the UK that the company was registered (\u2018incorporated\u2019).

    ", + "

    For example, if your company was registered in Scotland, the new registered office address must be in Scotland.

    ", + "

    You must re-incorporate your company if you move to another part of the UK, for example from England to Scotland.

    ", + "

    Companies House will tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve changed your registered office address.

    ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    You can use the Companies House online service.

    ", + "

    Register by post

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a change of address form. Send your completed form to the Companies House address on the form.

    ", + "

    Directors and company secretaries

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House about changes to your company\u2019s directors and secretaries, such as:

    ", + "
  • new appointments
    • ", + "
  • resignations
    • ", + "
  • changes to personal details, for example residential addresses
    • ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    You can use the Companies House online service.

    ", + "

    Register by post

    ", + "

    You can send your changes by post.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the change forms you need and send them to the address on the forms

    ", + "

    Shares

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House about any changes to your company\u2019s share structure that you make outside your annual return.

    ", + "

    You may need a special resolution to change your company\u2019s share structure. This includes if you:

    ", + "
  • change the number of shares the company has and their total value - this is your \u2018share capital\u2019 (the part of your company\u2019s money that comes from shares)
    • ", + "
  • change how your shares are distributed
    • ", + "
  • cancel any of your shares
    • ", + "
  • change (\u2018denominate\u2019) your shares into other currencies
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House within a month if you issue more shares in your company.

    ", + "

    You must report all other changes to your share structure within 21 days.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must include a notice about the change you\u2019ve made and a statement declaring:

    ", + "
  • the company\u2019s total number of shares
    • ", + "
  • the total value of those shares
    • ", + "
  • how many shares have been paid for or not paid for
    • ", + "

    This is sometimes known as a \u2018statement of capital\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your shares may be normal (\u2018ordinary\u2019) or have special rights or restrictions.

    ", + "

    For each type of share your company has, you must declare:

    ", + "
  • the rights that come with it
    • ", + "
  • how many of the shares are issued
    • ", + "
  • their total value before any additional costs are added
    • ", + "

    An accountant can help you prepare your statement of capital.

    ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    You can register changes to the shares your company issues online.

    ", + "

    You must register all other changes to your shares by post.

    ", + "

    Register by post

    ", + "

    You can send your changes by post. Download and fill in the share change forms depending on the changes you\u2019re making.

    ", + "

    Send your completed forms, a copy of your resolution if needed and your statement of capital to the address on the forms.

    ", + "

    Constitution and articles of association

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need agreement from your shareholders before changing your company\u2019s articles of association - the rules about how your company is run.

    ", + "

    This can include changes to your company\u2019s \u2018objects\u2019 - what your company does as a business.

    ", + "

    When you must change your constitution

    ", + "

    You can change your constitution whenever your shareholders agree to the change in a \u2018resolution\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must also change your constitution if:

    ", + "
  • a change in the law means your constitution would be illegal
    • ", + "
  • ordered to by the courts or a regulating authority (for example the Charity Commission) tells you to change it
    • ", + "

    Sending your changes

    ", + "

    You must include a copy of both the resolution you passed and the new articles of association when you make any changes to your company\u2019s constitution.

    ", + "

    Depending on why you\u2019re making the change you may also need to fill in one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a statement of company objects if your company is changing the objects in its articles
    • ", + "
  • change of constitution by enactment if your change is because of a change in the law
    • ", + "
  • change of constitution by order of court or other authority if your change has been ordered
    • ", + "

    Send the copy of the resolution, the copy of your new articles and completed form (if any) to Companies House.

    ", + "

    If a special enactment makes the change, you must include a copy of the enactment.

    ", + "

    Deadline

    ", + "

    You must send:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the resolution within 15 days of it being agreed
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the amended articles of association within 15 days of them taking effect
    • ", + "
  • any forms (if needed) within 15 days of the changes
    • ", + "

    Mortgages and loan guarantees

    ", + "

    You can use your company\u2019s assets as a security for a loan or overdraft (sometimes known as \u2018charges\u2019), for example a mortgage for a property.

    ", + "

    You must register details about any company charges with Companies House, including information about property or projects that are being backed by the charge.

    ", + "

    You must also register changes to charges you\u2019ve previously registered, for example when a charge\u2019s been paid in part or in full.

    ", + "

    You must register charges within 21 days from when they\u2019re set up - you will need a court order to register them later.

    ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    You can use the Companies House online service.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a310 to register online.

    ", + "

    Register by post

    ", + "

    You can send changes to your charges by post:

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the forms you need and send them to the address on the forms.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a313 to register by post.

    ", + "

    Companies House will reject your application if it\u2019s wrong or incomplete.

    ", + "

    You can register for informal correction if you want Companies House to be able to correct certain types of information required to your form.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019re registered Companies House will contact you if they need more information or for permission to make a correction.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Prepare annual accounts for a private limited company", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/annual-accounts", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your company\u2019s annual accounts - called \u2018statutory accounts\u2019 - are prepared from the company\u2019s financial records at the end of your company\u2019s financial year.

    ", + "

    You must always send copies of the statutory accounts to:

    ", + "
  • all shareholders
    • ", + "
  • people who can go to the company\u2019s general meetings
    • ", + "
  • Companies House
    • ", + "
  • HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as part of your Company Tax Return
    • ", + "

    You have different deadlines for sending your accounts to Companies House and your tax return to HMRC, but you may be able send them at the same time.

    ", + "

    If your company is small, a micro entity or dormant, you might be able to send simpler (\u2018abridged\u2019) accounts.

    ", + "

    How to put together statutory accounts

    ", + "

    Statutory accounts must include:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018balance sheet\u2019, which shows the value of everything the company owns, owes and is owed on the last day of the financial year
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018profit and loss account\u2019, which shows the company\u2019s sales, running costs and the profit or loss it has made over the financial year
    • ", + "
  • notes about the accounts
    • ", + "
  • a director\u2019s report (unless you\u2019re a \u2018micro-entity\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You might have to include an auditor\u2019s report - this depends on the size of your company.

    ", + "

    The balance sheet must have the name of a director printed on it and must be signed by a director.

    ", + "

    Accounting standards

    ", + "

    Your statutory accounts must meet either:

    ", + "
  • International Financial Reporting Standards
    • ", + "
  • New UK Generally Accepted Accounting Practice
    • ", + "

    Search online to find out more about the standards, or ask your accountant or tax adviser. You can find an accountant accredited in the UK.

    ", + "

    Micro-entities, small and dormant companies

    ", + "

    You might be able to send simpler (\u2018abridged\u2019) accounts to Companies House and not need to be audited. This depends on whether your company is dormant or qualifies as a small company or \u2018micro-entity\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must still send statutory accounts to your members and to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as part of your Company Tax Return if you\u2019re a small company or micro-entity.

    ", + "

    Dormant companies

    ", + "

    Your company is called \u2018dormant\u2019 by Companies House if it\u2019s had no \u2018significant\u2019 transactions in the financial year that you\u2019d normally report. Significant transactions do not include:

    ", + "
  • filing fees paid to Companies House
    • ", + "
  • penalties for late filing of accounts
    • ", + "
  • money paid for shares when the company was incorporated
    • ", + "

    Dormant companies that qualify as \u2018small\u2019 do not need to be audited.

    ", + "

    Check if your company is also dormant for Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    Small companies

    ", + "

    Your company will be \u2018small\u2019 if it has any 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • a turnover of \u00a310.2 million or less
    • ", + "
  • \u00a35.1 million or less on its balance sheet
    • ", + "
  • 50 employees or less
    • ", + "

    If your company is small, you can:

    ", + "
  • use the exemption so your company\u2019s accounts do not need to be audited
    • ", + "
  • choose whether or not to send a copy of the director\u2019s report and profit and loss account to Companies House
    • ", + "
  • send abridged accounts to Companies House
    • ", + "

    Sending abridged accounts

    ", + "

    You can only send abridged accounts if all your company members agree to it.

    ", + "

    Abridged accounts must contain a simpler balance sheet, along with any notes. You can also choose to include a simpler profit and loss account and a copy of the director\u2019s report.

    ", + "

    The balance sheet must have the name of a director printed on it and must be signed by a director.

    ", + "

    Sending abridged accounts means less information about your company will be publicly available from Companies House.

    ", + "

    Micro-entities

    ", + "

    Micro-entities are very small companies. Your company will be a micro-entity if it has any 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • a turnover of \u00a3632,000 or less
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3316,000 or less on its balance sheet
    • ", + "
  • 10 employees or less
    • ", + "

    If your company is a micro-entity, you can:

    ", + "
  • prepare simpler accounts that meet statutory minimum requirements
    • ", + "
  • send only your balance sheet with less information to Companies House
    • ", + "
  • benefit from the same exemptions available to small companies
    • ", + "

    Find out exactly what to include in your accounts depending on your company type, for example micro-entity, small, medium or dormant.

    ", + "

    Corrections and amendments

    ", + "

    You must send amended accounts to Companies House on paper.

    ", + "

    Amended or corrected accounts must be for the same period as the original accounts.

    ", + "

    You must clearly say in your new accounts that they:

    ", + "
  • replace the original accounts
    • ", + "
  • are now the statutory accounts
    • ", + "
  • are prepared as they were at the date of the original accounts
    • ", + "

    Write \u201camended\u201d on the front so that Companies House know your accounts are not duplicates.

    ", + "

    Your original accounts will remain on file at Companies House.

    ", + "

    If you only want to amend one part of your accounts, you need to send a note saying what\u2019s been changed. The note must be signed by a director and filed with a copy of the original accounts.

    ", + "

    Penalties for late filing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay penalties if you do not file your accounts with Companies House by the deadline.

    ", + "Time after the deadline | Penalty (for private limited companies)", + "Up to 1 month | \u00a3150", + "1 to 3 months | \u00a3375", + "3 to 6 months | \u00a3750", + "More than 6 months | \u00a31,500", + "

    Penalties for public limited companies are different.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically receive a penalty notice if your accounts are filed after the deadline.

    ", + "

    The penalty is doubled if your accounts are late 2 years in a row.

    ", + "

    You can be fined and your company struck off the register if you do not send Companies House your accounts or confirmation statement.

    ", + "

    Appeal against a late filing penalty

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal a penalty you must:

    ", + "
  • give a specific reason for not filing your accounts on time
    • ", + "
  • include all relevant details, such as dates and times
    • ", + "
  • prove the circumstances were out of your control, for example a fire destroyed your records a few days before your accounts were due
    • ", + "

    If you need help with your appeal because you have a disability or a health condition, you can contact Companies House.

    ", + "

    Your appeal is likely to be unsuccessful if it\u2019s because:

    ", + "
  • these were your first accounts
    • ", + "
  • your company is dormant
    • ", + "
  • your company is a charity or a flat management company
    • ", + "
  • you cannot afford to pay
    • ", + "
  • another director is responsible for filing the accounts
    • ", + "
  • it was your accountant\u2019s (or anybody else\u2019s) fault
    • ", + "
  • you did not know when or how to file your accounts
    • ", + "
  • your accounts were delayed or lost in the post
    • ", + "
  • the directors live or were travelling overseas
    • ", + "

    You can send a letter to the address on the front page of the penalty \ninvoice, or send an email including the penalty reference.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a response within 20 working days and \nthe penalty will not be collected while your appeal is being \nconsidered.

    ", + "

    Challenging an unsuccessful appeal

    ", + "

    If your appeal is rejected and you have additional information to support your case, you can write to the senior casework manager in the Late Filing Penalties Department at the Companies House office that deals with your account.

    ", + "

    If your appeal to the senior casework manager is unsuccessful, you can write to the independent adjudicators, and ask them to review your case.

    ", + "

    If your appeal to the independent adjudicator is unsuccessful, you can submit a final application to the Registrar of Companies at the office that deals with your account.

    ", + "

    You must follow this process, otherwise the registrar will not review your appeal.

    ", + "

    Find out more about late penalty appeals in different situations.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Running a limited company", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/running-a-limited-company", + "contents": [ + "

    Directors' responsibilities

    ", + "

    As a director of a limited company, you must:

    ", + "
  • follow the company\u2019s rules, shown in its articles of association
    • ", + "
  • keep company records and report changes
    • ", + "
  • file your accounts and your Company Tax Return
    • ", + "
  • tell other shareholders if you might personally benefit from a transaction the company makes
    • ", + "
  • pay Corporation Tax
    • ", + "

    You can hire other people to manage some of these things day-to-day (for example, an accountant) but you\u2019re still legally responsible for your company\u2019s records, accounts and performance.

    ", + "

    You may be fined, prosecuted or disqualified if you do not meet your responsibilities as a director.

    ", + "

    Contact your professional adviser or trade association to find out more.

    ", + "

    Taking money out of a limited company

    ", + "

    How you take money out of the company depends on what it\u2019s for and how much you take out.

    ", + "

    Salary, expenses and benefits

    ", + "

    If you want the company to pay you or anyone else a salary, expenses or benefits, you must register the company as an employer.

    ", + "

    The company must take Income Tax and National Insurance contributions from your salary payments and pay these to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), along with employers\u2019 National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    If you or one of your employees make personal use of something that belongs to the business, you must report it as a benefit and pay any tax due.

    ", + "

    Dividends

    ", + "

    A dividend is a payment a company can make to shareholders if it has made a profit.

    ", + "

    You cannot count dividends as business costs when you work out your Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    Your company must not pay out more in dividends than its available profits from current and previous financial years.

    ", + "

    You must usually pay dividends to all shareholders.

    ", + "

    To pay a dividend, you must:

    ", + "
  • hold a directors\u2019 meeting to \u2018declare\u2019 the dividend
    • ", + "
  • keep minutes of the meeting, even if you\u2019re the only director
    • ", + "

    Dividend paperwork

    ", + "

    For each dividend payment the company makes, you must write up a dividend voucher showing the:

    ", + "
  • date
    • ", + "
  • company name
    • ", + "
  • names of the shareholders being paid a dividend
    • ", + "
  • amount of the dividend
    • ", + "

    You must give a copy of the voucher to recipients of the dividend and keep a copy for your company\u2019s records.

    ", + "

    Tax on dividends

    ", + "

    Your company does not need to pay tax on dividend payments. But shareholders may have to pay Income Tax if they\u2019re over \u00a32,000.

    ", + "

    Directors\u2019 loans

    ", + "

    If you take more money out of a company than you\u2019ve put in - and it\u2019s not salary or dividend - it\u2019s called a \u2018directors\u2019 loan\u2019.

    ", + "

    If your company makes directors\u2019 loans, you must keep records of them. There are also some detailed tax rules about how directors\u2019 loans are handled.

    ", + "

    Company changes you must report

    ", + "

    You must report certain changes to Companies House.

    ", + "

    Changing your company\u2019s registered office address

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House if you want to change your company\u2019s registered office address. If the change is approved, they will tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Your company\u2019s new registered office address must be in the same part of the UK that the company was registered (incorporated).

    ", + "

    For example, if your company was registered in England and Wales, the new registered office address must be in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Your address will not officially change until Companies House has registered it.

    ", + "

    Other changes you must report

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC if:

    ", + "
  • your business\u2019 contact details change - for example, your name, gender, business name or your personal or trading address
    • ", + "
  • you appoint an accountant or tax adviser
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House within 14 days if you make changes to:

    ", + "
  • the address where you keep your records, and which records you keep there
    • ", + "
  • directors or their personal details, like their address
    • ", + "
  • \u2018people with significant control\u2019 (PSC), or their personal details like a new address
    • ", + "
  • company secretaries (appointing a new one or ending an existing one\u2019s appointment)
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House within a month if you issue more shares in your company.

    ", + "

    How to report changes to Companies House

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • use the Companies House online service
    • ", + "
  • fill in and send paper forms
    • ", + "

    Changes that shareholders must approve

    ", + "

    You may need to get shareholders to vote on the decision if you want to:

    ", + "
  • change the company name
    • ", + "
  • remove a director
    • ", + "
  • change the company\u2019s articles of association
    • ", + "

    This is called \u2018passing a resolution\u2019. Most resolutions will need a majority to agree (called an \u2018ordinary resolution\u2019). Some might require a 75% majority (called a \u2018special resolution\u2019).

    ", + "

    Companies House has more details about the types of changes and resolutions you must report to them.

    ", + "

    Your new company name will not take effect until it\u2019s registered by Companies House - they\u2019ll tell you when this happens.

    ", + "

    Shareholder voting

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re working out whether you have a majority, count the number of shares that give the owner the right to vote, rather than the number of shareholders.

    ", + "

    You do not necessarily need to have a meeting of shareholders to pass a resolution. If the right amount of shareholders have told you they agree, you can confirm the resolution in writing. But you must write to all shareholders letting them know about the decision.

    ", + "

    Company and accounting records

    ", + "

    You must keep:

    ", + "
  • records about the company itself
    • ", + "
  • financial and accounting records
    • ", + "

    You can hire a professional (for example, an accountant) to help with your tax.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.

    ", + "

    Records about the company

    ", + "

    You must keep details of:

    ", + "
  • directors, shareholders and company secretaries
    • ", + "
  • the results of any shareholder votes and resolutions
    • ", + "
  • promises for the company to repay loans at a specific date in the future (\u2018debentures\u2019) and who they must be paid back to
    • ", + "
  • promises the company makes for payments if something goes wrong and it\u2019s the company\u2019s fault (\u2018indemnities\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • transactions when someone buys shares in the company
    • ", + "
  • loans or mortgages secured against the company\u2019s assets
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House if you keep the records somewhere other than the company\u2019s registered office address.

    ", + "

    Register of \u2018people with significant control\u2019

    ", + "

    You must also keep a register of \u2018people with significant control\u2019 (PSC). Your PSC register must include details of anyone who:

    ", + "
  • has more than 25% shares or voting rights in your company
    • ", + "
  • can appoint or remove a majority of directors
    • ", + "
  • can influence or control your company or trust
    • ", + "

    You still need to keep a record if there are no people with significant control.

    ", + "

    Read more guidance on keeping a PSC register if your company\u2019s ownership and control is not simple.

    ", + "

    Accounting records

    ", + "

    You must keep accounting records that include:

    ", + "
  • all money received and spent by the company, including grants and payments from coronavirus support schemes
    • ", + "
  • details of assets owned by the company
    • ", + "
  • debts the company owes or is owed
    • ", + "
  • stock the company owns at the end of the financial year
    • ", + "
  • the stocktakings you used to work out the stock figure
    • ", + "
  • all goods bought and sold
    • ", + "
  • who you bought and sold them to and from (unless you run a retail business)
    • ", + "

    You must also keep any other financial records, information and calculations you need to prepare and file your annual accounts and Company Tax Return. This includes records of:

    ", + "
  • all money spent by the company, for example receipts, petty cash books, orders and delivery notes
    • ", + "
  • all money received by the company, for example invoices, contracts, sales books and till rolls
    • ", + "
  • any other relevant documents, for example bank statements and correspondence
    • ", + "

    You can be fined \u00a33,000 by HMRC or disqualified as a company director if you do not keep accounting records.

    ", + "

    How long to keep records

    ", + "

    You must keep records for 6 years from the end of the last company financial year they relate to, or longer if:

    ", + "
  • they show a transaction that covers more than one of the company\u2019s accounting periods
    • ", + "
  • the company has bought something that it expects to last more than 6 years, like equipment or machinery
    • ", + "
  • you sent your Company Tax Return late
    • ", + "
  • HMRC has started a compliance check into your Company Tax Return
    • ", + "

    If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed

    ", + "

    If you cannot replace your records after they were lost, stolen or destroyed you must:

    ", + "
  • do your best to recreate them
    • ", + "
  • tell your Corporation Tax office straight away
    • ", + "
  • include this information in your Company Tax Return
    • ", + "

    Confirmation statement (annual return)

    ", + "

    You need to check that the information Companies House has about your company is correct every year. This is called a confirmation statement (previously an annual return).

    ", + "

    Check your company\u2019s details

    ", + "

    You need to check the following:

    ", + "
  • the details of your registered office, directors, secretary and the address where you keep your records
    • ", + "
  • your statement of capital and shareholder information if your company has shares
    • ", + "
  • your SIC code (the number that identifies what your company does)
    • ", + "
  • your register of \u2018people with significant control\u2019 (PSC)
    • ", + "

    Check the Companies House register.

    ", + "

    Send your confirmation statement

    ", + "

    Send your confirmation statement online or by post. It costs \u00a313 to file your confirmation statement online, and \u00a340 by post.

    ", + "

    If you need to report changes

    ", + "

    You can report changes to your statement of capital, shareholder information and SIC codes at the same time.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the confirmation statement to report changes to:

    ", + "
  • your company\u2019s officers
    • ", + "
  • the registered office address
    • ", + "
  • the address where you keep your records
    • ", + "
  • people with significant control
    • ", + "

    You must file those changes separately with Companies House.

    ", + "

    When it\u2019s due

    ", + "

    Your confirmation statement is due usually a year after either:

    ", + "
  • the date your company incorporated
    • ", + "
  • the date you filed your last annual return or confirmation statement
    • ", + "

    You can file your confirmation statement up to 14 days after the due date.

    ", + "

    Sign up to get an email reminder when your confirmation statement is due.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a35,000 and your company may be struck off if you do not send your confirmation statement.

    ", + "

    Signs, stationery and promotional material

    ", + "

    Signs

    ", + "

    You must display a sign showing your company name at your registered company address and wherever your business operates. If you\u2019re running your business from home, you do not need to display a sign there.

    ", + "

    The sign must be easy to read and to see at any time, not just when you\u2019re open.

    ", + "

    Stationery and promotional material

    ", + "

    You must include your company\u2019s name on all company documents, publicity and letters.

    ", + "

    On business letters, order forms and websites, you must show:

    ", + "
  • the company\u2019s registered number
    • ", + "
  • its registered office address
    • ", + "
  • where the company is registered (England and Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "
  • the fact that it\u2019s a limited company (usually by spelling out the company\u2019s full name including \u2018Limited\u2019 or \u2018Ltd\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you want to include directors\u2019 names, you must list all of them.

    ", + "

    If you want to show your company\u2019s share capital (how much the shares were worth when you issued them), you must say how much is \u2018paid up\u2019 (owned by shareholders).

    ", + "

    There are different rules for what you need to include on invoices.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Strike off your limited company from the Companies Register", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/strike-off-your-company-from-companies-register", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can close down your limited company by getting it \u2018struck off\u2019 the Companies Register, but only if it:

    ", + "
  • hasn\u2019t traded or sold off any stock in the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • hasn\u2019t changed names in the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • isn\u2019t threatened with liquidation
    • ", + "
  • has no agreements with creditors, eg a Company Voluntary Arrangement (CVA)
    • ", + "

    If your company doesn\u2019t meet these conditions, you\u2019ll have to voluntarily liquidate your company instead.

    ", + "

    When you apply to \u2018strike off\u2019 your company, you have certain responsibilities to close down your business properly.

    ", + "

    Close down your company

    ", + "

    Before applying to strike off your limited company, you must close it down legally. This involves:

    ", + "
  • announcing your plans to interested parties and HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • making sure your employees are treated according to the rules
    • ", + "
  • dealing with your business assets and accounts
    • ", + "

    Who you must tell

    ", + "

    Fill in an application to strike off and send a copy within 7 days to anyone who could be affected. This includes:

    ", + "
  • members (usually the shareholders)
    • ", + "
  • creditors
    • ", + "
  • employees
    • ", + "
  • managers or trustees of any employee pension fund
    • ", + "
  • any directors who didn\u2019t sign the application form
    • ", + "

    If you don\u2019t follow the rules on who you must tell, you can face a fine and possible prosecution.

    ", + "

    Employees

    ", + "

    If your company employs staff, you must:

    ", + "
  • follow the rules if you make staff redundant
    • ", + "
  • pay their final wages or salary
    • ", + "

    PAYE and National Insurance (NI)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to tell HMRC that your company has stopped employing people.

    ", + "

    Business assets

    ", + "

    You should make sure that any business assets are shared among the shareholders before the company is struck off.

    ", + "

    Anything that\u2019s left will go to the Crown - you\u2019ll have to restore the company to get anything back.

    ", + "

    Final accounts

    ", + "

    You must send final statutory accounts and a Company Tax Return to HMRC.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to file final accounts with Companies House.

    ", + "
  • Prepare your final accounts and company tax return.
    • ", + "
  • File your accounts and company tax return, stating that these are the final trading accounts and that the company will soon be dissolved.
    • ", + "
  • Pay all Corporation Tax and any other outstanding tax liabilities.
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve made a loss in your final year of trading, you might be able to offset the tax against profits from previous years - this is known as \u2018terminal loss relief\u2019. You can claim this on your final tax return.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax on personal profits

    ", + "

    If you take assets out of the company before it\u2019s struck off, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax on the amount.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get tax relief on this through Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief.

    ", + "

    You will work this out on your personal Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    If the amount is worth more than \u00a325,000, it will be treated as income and you\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax on it.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    You must keep business documents for 7 years after the company is struck off, eg bank statements, invoices and receipts.

    ", + "

    If the company employed people, you must keep copies of its employers\u2019 liability insurance policy and schedule for 40 years from the date the company was dissolved.

    ", + "

    Apply to strike off

    ", + "

    To apply to strike off your limited company, you must send Companies House form DS01.

    ", + "

    The form must be signed by a majority of the company\u2019s directors.

    ", + "

    You should deal with any of the assets of the company before applying, eg close any bank accounts and transfer any domain names.

    ", + "

    When your company is dissolved, all the remaining assets will pass to the Crown (including any bank balances).

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a310 to strike off a company. You can\u2019t pay using a cheque from an account that belongs to the company you\u2019re striking off.

    ", + "

    It is an offence to make a dishonest application - you can face a fine and possible prosecution.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from Companies House to let you know if you\u2019ve filled in the form correctly. If you have, your request for the company to be struck off will be published as a notice in your local Gazette.

    ", + "

    If nobody objects, the company will be struck off the register once the 2 months mentioned in the notice has passed.

    ", + "

    A second notice will be published in the Gazette - this will mean the company won\u2019t legally exist anymore (it will have been \u2018dissolved\u2019).

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    Read more guidance on striking off your company.

    ", + "

    Withdraw your application

    ", + "

    You must withdraw your application if your company is no longer eligible to be struck off, eg it is trading or has become insolvent.

    ", + "

    You can withdraw your application if you change your mind. You can only do this if your company is still on the Companies Register.

    ", + "

    Only one director needs to sign the withdrawal form.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can withdraw your application using the Companies House online service.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    Fill in form DS02 and send it to the address on the form.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "The Queen's Awards for Enterprise", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/queens-awards-for-enterprise", + "contents": [ + "

    About the awards

    ", + "

    The Queen\u2019s Awards for Enterprise are for outstanding achievement by UK businesses in the categories of:

    ", + "
  • innovation
    • ", + "
  • international trade
    • ", + "
  • sustainable development
    • ", + "
  • promoting opportunity through social mobility
    • ", + "

    Find out if your business is eligible.

    ", + "

    What happens if your company wins

    ", + "

    If you win you\u2019ll be:

    ", + "
  • invited to a Royal reception
    • ", + "
  • presented with the award at your company by one of The Queen\u2019s representatives, a Lord-Lieutenant
    • ", + "
  • able to fly The Queen\u2019s Awards flag at your main office, and use the emblem on your marketing materials (for example, on your packaging, advertisements, stationery and website)
    • ", + "
  • given a Grant of Appointment (an official certificate) and a commemorative crystal trophy
    • ", + "

    The awards are valid for 5 years.

    ", + "

    Winners have reported benefiting from worldwide recognition, increased commercial value, greater press coverage and a boost to staff morale.

    ", + "

    Find out when winners are announced.

    ", + "

    Previous winners

    ", + "

    View details of previous Queen\u2019s Awards winners.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To apply for the Queen\u2019s Award for Enterprise your organisation must:

    ", + "
  • be based in the UK (including the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man)
    • ", + "
  • file its Company Tax Returns with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • be a self-contained enterprise that markets its own products or services and is under its own management
    • ", + "
  • have at least 2 full-time UK employees or part-time equivalents
    • ", + "
  • demonstrate strong corporate social responsibility
    • ", + "

    Your organisation can be a business or non-profit.

    ", + "

    Each of the award categories has additional entry criteria.

    ", + "

    International Trade

    ", + "

    To apply for the International Trade award, you must also:

    ", + "
  • have made a minimum of \u00a3100,000 in overseas sales in the first year of your entry and show year-on-year growth
    • ", + "
  • prove that your organisation has achieved outstanding growth in overseas earnings relative to your business size and sector
    • ", + "
  • prove steep year-on-year growth (without dips) in overseas sales over 3 years - or substantial year-on-year growth (without dips) over 6 years
    • ", + "

    Innovation

    ", + "

    To apply for the Innovation award, you must also:

    ", + "
  • have an innovation that has not been sold before
    • ", + "
  • have had your innovation available on the market for at least 2 years
    • ", + "
  • have recovered all the investments made in your innovation or show that the innovation will recover its full costs in future
    • ", + "
  • show outstanding commercial success as a result of innovation over 2 years - or continuous commercial success over 5 years
    • ", + "

    Your innovation should be in one of the following categories:

    ", + "
  • invention, design or production of goods
    • ", + "
  • performance of services
    • ", + "
  • marketing and distribution
    • ", + "
  • after-sale support of goods or services
    • ", + "

    Sustainable Development

    ", + "

    To apply for the Sustainable Development award, you must also:

    ", + "
  • show how you have achieved outstanding sustainable development for more than 2 years
    • ", + "
  • provide evidence of the benefits or positive outcomes of your actions or interventions
    • ", + "

    Promoting Opportunity through social mobility

    ", + "

    To apply for this award, your organisation must also have supported people from disadvantaged backgrounds in improving their job skills and their chances of finding work.

    ", + "

    This includes doing one or more of the following, for at least 2 years:

    ", + "
  • providing work experience or careers advice
    • ", + "
  • mentoring
    • ", + "
  • offering interview and job-related training
    • ", + "
  • making sure your recruitment process is open to everyone
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove the benefits for:

    ", + "
  • the people you\u2019ve supported
    • ", + "
  • your organisation
    • ", + "
  • your employees
    • ", + "
  • the wider community
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    The Queen\u2019s Awards for Enterprise are free to enter. You can apply for more than one award.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • create an account and register your details
    • ", + "
  • answer questions about your eligibility - this should take less than 15 minutes
    • ", + "
  • submit your application by midday on 8 September 2021
    • ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Queen\u2019s Awards Helpline

    ", + "

    Contact the Queen\u2019s Awards Helpline if you need help.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    2020 awards

    ", + "

    Winners have been announced in the London Gazette. The date of the royal reception is to be confirmed.

    ", + "

    2021 awards

    ", + "Time | Step", + "1 May 2021 | New application period opens for 2021 awards", + "Midday 8 September 2021 | Application period closes", + "October 2021 | Shortlisted organisations notified", + "November 2021 | Shortlisted organisations asked to provide verified commercial figures", + "April 2022 | Winning organisations notified", + "April 2022 | Unsuccessful organisations receive feedback on their applications", + "21 April 2022 | Winners officially announced in the London Gazette", + "To be confirmed | Representatives from the winning organisations invited to attend a royal reception" + ] + }, + { + "title": "Expenses and benefits for employers", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-reporting-expenses-benefits", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employer and provide expenses or benefits to employees or directors, you might need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and pay tax and National Insurance on them.

    ", + "

    Examples of expenses and benefits include:

    ", + "
  • company cars
    • ", + "
  • health insurance
    • ", + "
  • travel and entertainment expenses
    • ", + "
  • childcare
    • ", + "

    There are different rules for what you have to report and pay depending on the type of expense or benefit that you provide.

    ", + "

    Reporting and paying

    ", + "

    At the end of the tax year you\u2019ll usually need to submit a P11D form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) for each employee you\u2019ve provided with expenses or benefits.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit a P11D(b) form if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve submitted any P11D forms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve paid employees\u2019 expenses or benefits through your payroll
    • ", + "
  • HMRC have asked you to - either by sending you a form or an email
    • ", + "

    Your P11D(b) tells HMRC how much Class 1A National Insurance you need to pay on all the expenses and benefits you\u2019ve provided.

    ", + "

    If HMRC have asked you to submit a P11D(b), you can tell them you do not owe Class 1A National Insurance by completing a declaration.

    ", + "

    Paying tax on benefits through your payroll

    ", + "

    You can deduct and pay tax on most employee expenses through your payroll (sometimes called \u2018payrolling\u2019) as long as you\u2019ve registered with HMRC before the start of the tax year (6 April).

    ", + "

    You do not need to submit a P11D form for an employee if you\u2019re paying tax on all their benefits through your payroll.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to submit a P11D(b) form so you can pay any Class 1A National Insurance you owe.

    ", + "

    What to report

    ", + "

    Each expense or benefit is calculated differently. Find the type of expense or benefit you\u2019ve provided to see what you\u2019ll need to report and pay.

    ", + "

    For \u2018minor\u2019 expenses or benefits, you might be able to make a one-off payment, known as a PAYE Settlement Agreement.

    ", + "

    How to report

    ", + "

    You can use any of the following methods:

    ", + "
  • commercial payroll software
    • ", + "
  • HMRC\u2019s PAYE Online service
    • ", + "
  • HMRC\u2019s Online End of Year Expenses and Benefits service
    • ", + "

    You can also download and fill in forms P11D and P11D(b) and send them to the P11D Support Team.

    ", + "

    Correct an error

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re correcting a P11D form include all the benefits and expenses for the tax year, not just the ones you want to change.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re correcting a P11D(b) form include the total amount of Class 1A National Insurance you need to pay, not the difference from your previous version.

    ", + "

    You must submit a paper form, even if you originally submitted online.

    ", + "

    The forms will show the most recent tax year. Write a different tax year on the form if you need to report for a different year. You must write:

    ", + "
  • that you\u2019re using the form to correct an error made in a different year to the one printed on the form
    • ", + "
  • the tax year you\u2019re making the amendment for
    • ", + "

    Where to send forms

    ", + "

    Send new or corrected paper forms to:

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    You may be charged a penalty if you carelessly or deliberately give inaccurate information in your tax return that results in you:

    ", + "
  • not paying enough tax
    • ", + "
  • over-claiming tax reliefs
    • ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "What you need to do | Deadline", + "Submit your P11D forms online to HMRC | 6 July following the end of the tax year", + "Give your employees a copy of the information on your forms | 6 July", + "Tell HMRC the total amount of Class 1A National Insurance you owe on form P11D(b) | 6 July", + "Pay any Class 1A National Insurance owed on expenses or benefits | Must reach HMRC by 22 July (19 July if you pay by cheque)", + "If you have a PAYE Settlement Agreement pay tax and Class 1B National Insurance | Must reach HMRC by 22 October (19 October if you pay by cheque)", + "Pay any PAYE tax or Class 1 National Insurance owed on expenses or benefits | Pay monthly through payroll", + "

    You\u2019ll get a penalty of \u00a3100 per 50 employees for each month or part month your P11D(b) is late. You\u2019ll also be charged penalties and interest if you\u2019re late paying HMRC.

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You must keep a record of all expenses and benefits you provide to your employees.

    ", + "

    Your records need to show that you\u2019ve reported accurately and your end-of-year forms are correct.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may ask to see evidence of how you accounted for each expense or benefit at the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    What you should keep

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep a record of:

    ", + "
  • the date and details of every expense or benefit you provide
    • ", + "
  • any information needed to work out the amounts you put on your end-of-year forms
    • ", + "
  • any payment your employee contributes to an expense or benefit
    • ", + "

    You should also keep any correspondence you have with HMRC.

    ", + "

    Records must be kept for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.

    ", + "

    Exemptions and dispensations

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to report some routine employee expenses to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is called an \u2018exemption\u2019.

    ", + "

    Exemptions have replaced dispensations. You can\u2019t apply for a dispensation any more.

    ", + "

    Expenses covered by an exemption

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to report certain business expenses and benefits like:

    ", + "
  • business travel
    • ", + "
  • phone bills
    • ", + "
  • business entertainment expenses
    • ", + "
  • uniform and tools for work
    • ", + "

    To qualify for an exemption, you must be either be:

    ", + "
  • paying a flat rate to your employee as part of their earnings - this must be either a benchmark rate or a special (\u2018bespoke\u2019) rate approved by HMRC
    • ", + "
  • paying back the employee\u2019s actual costs
    • ", + "

    You must deduct and pay tax and National Insurance on all other expenses and benefits you give to your employees, and report them to HMRC as normal.

    ", + "

    Apply for an exemption

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to apply for an exemption if you\u2019re paying HMRC\u2019s benchmark rates for allowable expenses.

    ", + "

    You only need to apply for an exemption if you want to pay bespoke rates to your employees.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to give HMRC evidence that the rates you\u2019re suggesting are based on your employees\u2019 actual expenses.

    ", + "

    If you had a dispensation from HMRC

    ", + "

    Your dispensation won\u2019t apply after 5 April 2016, but the expenses covered by it should also be covered by the exemption.

    ", + "

    If you agreed bespoke rates with HMRC between 6 April 2011 and 5 April 2016 as part of your dispensation, you can apply to carry on using them.

    ", + "

    You can only use the bespoke rates for up to 5 years from the date they were agreed.

    ", + "

    Checking expenses

    ", + "

    You must have a system in place to check payments you make at benchmark or bespoke rates.

    ", + "

    Your employees aren\u2019t allowed to check their own expenses, so someone else within your company needs to do this to make sure they\u2019re legitimate.

    ", + "

    Tell your employees to keep proof of their expenses, for example receipts or bills, in case you need to check them.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Expenses and benefits: loans provided to employees", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/expenses-and-benefits-loans-provided-to-employees", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As an employer providing loans to your employees or their relatives, you have certain National Insurance and reporting obligations.

    ", + "

    What\u2019s included

    ", + "

    There are different rules for:

    ", + "
  • providing \u2018beneficial loans\u2019, which are interest-free, or at a rate below HMRC\u2019s official interest rate
    • ", + "
  • providing loans you write off
    • ", + "
  • charging a director\u2019s personal bills to their loan account within the company
    • ", + "

    Beneficial loans

    ", + "

    The rules cover beneficial loans advanced, arranged, facilitated, guaranteed or taken over from someone else by:

    ", + "
  • you (the employer)
    • ", + "
  • a company or partnership you control
    • ", + "
  • a company or partnership that controls your business
    • ", + "
  • a person with a material interest in your business
    • ", + "

    See the technical guidance for what to do in more complicated situations, eg if you use third-party arrangements to make a loan to your employee.

    ", + "

    What's exempt

    ", + "

    You might not have to report anything to HMRC or pay tax and National Insurance on some types of beneficial loans.

    ", + "

    This includes loans you provide:

    ", + "
  • in the normal course of a domestic or family relationship as an individual (not as a company you control, even if you are the sole owner and employee)
    • ", + "
  • with a combined outstanding value to an employee of less than \u00a310,000 throughout the whole tax year (\u00a35,000 for 2013 to 2014)
    • ", + "
  • to an employee for a fixed and invariable period, and at a fixed and invariable rate that was equal to or higher than HMRC\u2019s official interest rate when the loan was taken out
    • ", + "
  • under identical terms and conditions to the general public as well (this mostly applies to commercial lenders)
    • ", + "
  • that are \u2018qualifying loans\u2019, meaning all of the interest qualifies for tax relief - see the technical guidance for an explanation of this complex area
    • ", + "
  • using a director\u2019s loan account as long as it\u2019s not overdrawn at any time during the tax year
    • ", + "

    Salary sacrifice arrangements

    ", + "

    You do have to report loans to your employees or their relatives if they\u2019re made as part of a salary sacrifice arrangement.

    ", + "

    What to report and pay

    ", + "

    If the loans you provide aren\u2019t exempt, you have to report the costs to HMRC, and deduct or pay National Insurance on them.

    ", + "

    Beneficial loans

    ", + "

    If you or your business provides a beneficial loan, as defined in the overview, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • report it on form P11D
    • ", + "
  • pay Class 1A National Insurance on the value of the benefit
    • ", + "

    Loans you write off

    ", + "

    You always have to report and pay on loans to employees that you write off, whether or not they are classed as beneficial loans.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • report it on form P11D
    • ", + "
  • deduct and pay Class 1 National Insurance (but not PAYE tax) on the value of the benefit
    • ", + "

    Work out the value

    ", + "

    You can work out the value of loans using HMRC\u2019s PAYE Online or commercial payroll software.

    ", + "

    You can also work out the value manually on P11D working sheet 4.

    ", + "

    Salary sacrifice arrangements

    ", + "

    If the cost of the loan is less than the amount of salary given up, report the salary amount instead.

    ", + "

    These rules don\u2019t apply to arrangements made before 6 April 2017 - check when the rules will change.

    ", + "

    Technical guidance

    ", + "

    The following guides contain more detailed information:

    ", + "
  • beneficial loans: contents page
    • ", + "
  • Class 1 National Insurance: loans written off
    • ", + "
  • loans released or written off
    • ", + "
  • making a loan: loan made by third party
    • ", + "
  • contrasting treatment where some or part of the interest would qualify for relief
    • ", + "
  • director\u2019s loan accounts: overview
    • ", + "
  • director\u2019s loan accounts: whether withdrawals are loans or earnings
    • ", + "
  • beneficial loan arrangements (chapter 17 of \u2018Expenses and benefits: a tax guide\u2019)
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "PAYE Settlement Agreements", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-settlement-agreements", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) allows you to make one annual payment to cover all the tax and National Insurance due on minor, irregular or impracticable expenses or benefits for your employees.

    ", + "

    If you get a PSA for these items you will not need to:

    ", + "
  • put them through your payroll to work out tax and National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • include them in your end-of-year P11D forms
    • ", + "
  • pay Class 1A National Insurance on them at the end of the tax year (you pay Class 1B National Insurance as part of your PSA instead)
    • ", + "

    Some employee expenses are covered by exemptions (which have replaced dispensations). This means you will not have to include them in your end-of-year reports.

    ", + "

    What's included

    ", + "

    The expenses or benefits you include in a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) must be minor, irregular or impracticable.

    ", + "

    Minor

    ", + "

    Examples of minor benefits and expenses include:

    ", + "
  • incentive awards, for example for long-service
    • ", + "
  • telephone bills
    • ", + "
  • small gifts and vouchers
    • ", + "
  • staff entertainment, for example a ticket to an event
    • ", + "
  • non-business expenses while travelling overnight on business that are over the daily limit
    • ", + "

    You do not need to include trivial benefits in your PSA.

    ", + "

    Irregular

    ", + "

    Irregular benefits and expenses are things that are not paid at regular intervals over the course of a tax year, for example weekly or monthly. They\u2019re also things that employees do not have a contractual right to. Examples of irregular expenses and benefits include:

    ", + "
  • relocation expenses over \u00a38,000 (these are tax-free below \u00a38,000)
    • ", + "
  • the cost of attending overseas conferences
    • ", + "
  • expenses of a spouse accompanying an employee abroad
    • ", + "
  • use of a company holiday flat
    • ", + "

    Impracticable

    ", + "

    Impracticable expenses and benefits are things that are difficult to place a value on or divide up between individual employees. Examples of impracticable expenses and benefits include:

    ", + "
  • staff entertainment that is not exempt from tax or National Insurance Contributions
    • ", + "
  • shared cars
    • ", + "
  • personal care expenses, for example hairdressing
    • ", + "

    What\u2019s not included

    ", + "

    You cannot include wages, high-value benefits like company cars, or cash payments such as:

    ", + "
  • bonuses
    • ", + "
  • round sum allowances
    • ", + "
  • beneficial loans in a PSA
    • ", + "

    If you apply after the start of the tax year, there are extra restrictions on what you can include.

    ", + "

    How to get a PSA

    ", + "
  • Write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Business Tax and Customs describing the expenses and benefits you want the PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) to cover.
    • ", + "
  • Once they\u2019ve agreed on what can be included, they\u2019ll send you 2 draft copies of form P626. Sign and return both copies. HMRC will authorise your request and send back a form - this is your PSA.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll need to report anything that cannot be included separately using form P11D. You do not need to send a P11D if you\u2019re paying employees\u2019 expenses and benefits through your payroll.
    • ", + "
  • Use form PSA1 to help you calculate the overall amount you\u2019ll need to pay. If you do not, HMRC will calculate the amount. You\u2019ll be charged more if this happens.
    • ", + "
  • Send the completed form to HMRC as soon as possible after the end of the tax year. They\u2019ll get in touch with you before 19 October following the tax year that the PSA covers to confirm the total tax and National Insurance you need to pay.
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give an agent a signed letter of authority to make a PSA on your behalf if they do not have authorisation to do so.

    ", + "

    Contact the HMRC employer helpline for advice on getting and calculating your PSA.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The agreement will continue until either you or HMRC cancels it or you need to change it. You do not need to renew the PSA each tax year.

    ", + "

    Deadlines and payment

    ", + "

    The deadline for applying for a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) is 5 July following the first tax year it applies to.

    ", + "

    When to pay

    ", + "

    You must pay any tax and National Insurance owed under a PSA by 22 October after the tax year the PSA applies to (19 October if you pay by post).

    ", + "

    You may be fined or charged interest if you do not pay or your payment is late.

    ", + "

    What to pay when the PSA is first approved

    ", + "

    If HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) approves your PSA before the start of a tax year, you can include any expenses and benefits contained in the agreement.

    ", + "

    If they approve it after the start of the tax year, you might need to report some items separately.

    ", + "

    If your PSA is approved before 6 April

    ", + "

    You must use form P11D to report expenses and benefits provided before the agreement date that you:

    ", + "
  • have already included in your employee\u2019s tax code
    • ", + "
  • included (or should have included) in your employee\u2019s PAYE tax and National Insurance deductions
    • ", + "

    If your PSA is approved between 6 April and 5 July

    ", + "

    You must use form P11D to report expenses and benefits provided during the tax year that you:

    ", + "
  • have already included in your employee\u2019s tax code
    • ", + "
  • included (or should have included) in your employee\u2019s PAYE tax and National Insurance deductions
    • ", + "

    Change or cancel a PSA

    ", + "

    To change the items covered by your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA), send details of the changes to the office that issued it. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a revised P626 that you need to sign and return.

    ", + "

    Cancel a PSA

    ", + "

    To cancel your PSA, fill in the return slip section of the P626 and send it to HMRC.

    ", + "

    HMRC will cancel your PSA on the date you put on the return slip.

    ", + "

    You need to report any outstanding tax and National Insurance Contributions (NICs) due on benefits and expenses using forms P11D and PSA1.

    ", + "

    You need to pay any outstanding tax and NICs by 22 October after the tax year the PSA applies to (19 October if you pay by post).

    ", + "

    You need to pay any NICs owed on expenses or benefits listed on the P11D form by 22 July after the tax year it applies to (19 July if you pay by post).

    ", + "

    If you continue providing benefits after you\u2019ve cancelled your PSA, you need to either:

    ", + "
  • report them on a P11D form
    • ", + "
  • put them through payroll
    • ", + "

    You can pay any tax or NICs due via PAYE.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claiming money or property from a dissolved company", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claiming-money-or-property-from-dissolved-company", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When a company is dissolved, all of its assets pass to the Crown and are legally known as \u2018bona vacantia\u2019 (ownerless property). Assets include:

    ", + "
  • property and land
    • ", + "
  • mortgages
    • ", + "
  • shares
    • ", + "
  • intellectual property, for example trademarks, registered designs and patents
    • ", + "

    Claiming or buying assets

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim money back or buy assets from the dissolved company by:

    ", + "
  • getting a court order to restore the company - if they owe you money
    • ", + "
  • buying or claiming some of their assets - if you\u2019re affected by the company closing
    • ", + "
  • applying for a discretionary grant - if you were a shareholder
    • ", + "

    You can get legal advice about the best way to claim back your money.

    ", + "

    Get a court order to restore a company

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a court order to restore a company if:

    ", + "
  • you did business with them
    • ", + "
  • you worked for them
    • ", + "
  • they owed you money when they were dissolved
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re responsible for their employee pension fund
    • ", + "
  • you have a shared or competing interest in land
    • ", + "
  • you were a shareholder or director when it was dissolved
    • ", + "

    You may be able to restore the company without a court order if you were a director or shareholder of a dissolved company.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a claim to restore by court order (form N208) to apply for court order restoration in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    HM Courts and Tribunals service has guidance notes on filling in form N208 if you need help.

    ", + "

    Find the company\u2019s registered office and send your completed form to their nearest county court that deals with bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure where to send the form then contact the Royal Courts of Justice.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to include:

    ", + "
  • the \u00a3280 court fee (cash, postal order or cheque made payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a witness statement, containing the supporting information outlined in section 4 of the Treasury Solicitor\u2019s guide to company restoration
    • ", + "

    In Scotland

    ", + "

    Apply to the Court of Session if the initial value of the company\u2019s shares that have been paid for (\u2018paid-up capital\u2019) is more than \u00a3120,000.

    ", + "

    Apply to the local sheriff court for other companies.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then have to serve a \u2018petition to restore\u2019 on the Registrar of Companies in Scotland, and any other bodies the court asks you to.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Apply by serving an \u2018originating summons\u2019 on the Royal Courts of Justice:

    ", + "

    You also need to send this to the Registrar of Companies in Northern Ireland, along with a witness statement in support of the application.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    If your claim is accepted, the court will issue an order to restore a company - you\u2019ll be sent this, and you must send it on to the Registrar of Companies. Once they have it they will restore the company.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then need to take further action to try and get your money:

    ", + "
  • get a \u2018judgment\u2019 from court for the amount of the money you\u2019re owed together with interest and costs
    • ", + "
  • issue a statutory demand
    • ", + "
  • take out a winding up petition
    • ", + "

    Buy a dissolved company's assets

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim or buy an asset belonging to a dissolved company by asking the body representing the Crown. This is known as \u2018referring\u2019 an asset.

    ", + "

    Who you ask depends on where the company was registered.

    ", + "

    Anybody can refer an asset, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the leaseholder of a property where the company owned the freehold
    • ", + "
  • you want to buy or are affected by land owned by the company
    • ", + "
  • you want to buy other assets of the company like shares, trade marks or copyrights
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a shareholder trying to get cash held by the company
    • ", + "

    How to refer an asset

    ", + "

    The Treasury Solicitor looks after dissolved company assets in England and Wales (but not Cornwall or Lancashire).

    ", + "

    Find out how to refer an asset to the Treasury Solicitor.

    ", + "

    You can also write to:

    ", + "

    Other bodies that represent the Crown

    ", + "

    Elsewhere, dissolved companies\u2019 assets are dealt with by:

    ", + "
  • in Cornwall and Lancashire - Farrer and Co
    • ", + "
  • in Scotland - The Queen\u2019s and Lord Treasurer\u2019s Remembrancer
    • ", + "
  • in Northern Ireland - phone or write to the Crown Solicitor\u2019s Office for Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Apply for a discretionary grant

    ", + "

    You may be able to get back a dissolved company\u2019s assets if you were one of its shareholders.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    In England and Wales (but not Cornwall or Lancashire) you must apply to the Treasury Solicitor.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether the company can be restored or not.

    ", + "

    The Treasury Solicitor has guidance on what you should do if:

    ", + "
  • the company can be restored
    • ", + "
  • the company cannot be restored
    • ", + "

    Companies in Scotland, Northern Ireland, Cornwall and Lancashire

    ", + "

    Property owned by dissolved companies is dealt with:

    ", + "
  • in Cornwall and Lancashire - Farrer and Co
    • ", + "
  • in Scotland - The Queen\u2019s and Lord Treasurer\u2019s Remembrancer
    • ", + "
  • in Northern Ireland - the Crown Solicitor\u2019s Office for Northern Ireland
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "County court judgments for debt", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/county-court-judgments-ccj-for-debt", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may get a county court judgment (CCJ) or high court judgment if someone takes court action against you (saying you owe them money) and you do not respond.

    ", + "

    You must respond to the court claim by the date on the email or letter you receive.

    ", + "

    If you get a judgment, this means that the court has formally decided that you owe the money.

    ", + "

    The judgment will come in the post and will explain:

    ", + "
  • how much you owe
    • ", + "
  • how to pay (in full or in instalments)
    • ", + "
  • the deadline for paying
    • ", + "
  • who to pay
    • ", + "

    Records of judgments are kept for 6 years unless you pay the full amount within a month - this can make it hard to get credit.

    ", + "

    What you can do if you get a judgment

    ", + "

    If you do owe the money, you\u2019ll need to pay it back. If you cannot afford to, you can ask to:

    ", + "
  • change the terms of (\u2018vary\u2019) the judgment
    • ", + "
  • pay it back in instalments
    • ", + "

    Find out what options you have for paying the judgment.

    ", + "

    You can apply for the judgment to be cancelled (or \u2018set aside\u2019) if:

    ", + "
  • you do not owe the money
    • ", + "
  • you did not receive, or did not respond to, the original claim from the court saying you owed the money
    • ", + "

    Find out how to apply for the judgment to be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you get a judgment, do not ignore it - you could be taken back to court and forced to pay.

    ", + "

    Court judgments for debt in Scotland

    ", + "

    The law is different in Scotland - read guidance from the Accountant in Bankruptcy (Scotland\u2019s insolvency service).

    ", + "

    Pay the judgment - if you do owe the money

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay the person or business you owe the money to, or their solicitor. The name and address will be on the judgment form. Do not pay the court.

    ", + "

    Make sure you can prove you\u2019ve paid. Send a cheque or postal order by post, or make a bank transfer. Do not send cash through the post.

    ", + "

    Keep a record of your payments and make sure you pay in time.

    ", + "

    Pay in instalments

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying in instalments, ask the person or business you owe the money to about the best way to pay.

    ", + "

    You may want to set up a standing order to pay the money directly from your bank account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re late with your payments, you could be taken back to court and you may have to pay extra costs.

    ", + "

    Ask to change the payments

    ", + "

    You can ask to change the terms of the judgment - for example, how and when you pay.

    ", + "

    To do this, fill in the N245 application form.

    ", + "

    Give details of your income and spending, and say how much you can realistically afford to pay.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a court fee.

    ", + "

    If your offer is rejected, the court will decide on the amount you have to pay.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay what the court has ordered

    ", + "

    If you do not pay as ordered, the person or business you owe money to may:

    ", + "
  • threaten you with bailiffs to collect the money
    • ", + "
  • ask the court to take action against you to force you to pay
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re threatened with bailiffs

    ", + "

    The person or business you owe money to may use bailiffs to collect the money.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll have to apply to the court for a \u2018warrant\u2019, which will give the bailiff the right to visit your home or property. You\u2019ll be given 7 days to pay before they visit.

    ", + "

    You may be able to stop the bailiff from visiting, by filling in the N245 application form.

    ", + "

    Say on the form how you\u2019ll repay the money - for example weekly or monthly payments. If your offer is accepted, the warrant will be stopped as long as you keep up with the payments.

    ", + "

    Actions the court can take against you to force you to pay

    ", + "

    The court may decide to:

    ", + "
  • order a deduction from your earnings
    • ", + "
  • freeze money in your bank or building society account
    • ", + "
  • deduct the money you owe when you sell your property (such as a house, land, stocks or shares)
    • ", + "
  • order you to come to court to answer questions about things like your earnings or employment status
    • ", + "

    If you have other judgments or debts

    ", + "

    If you have another judgment against you, you can arrange to pay all your debts to the court in a single weekly or monthly payment.

    ", + "

    This will stop people taking action against you to get their money - for example by sending bailiffs to your home.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if your total debts are under \u00a35,000.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to fill in the application for an administration order (N92).

    ", + "

    Contact the court if you cannot keep up with the payments.

    ", + "

    Cancel the judgment

    ", + "

    If you do not owe the money, you can ask the court to cancel the county court judgment (CCJ) or high court judgment. This is known as getting the judgment \u2018set aside\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can also do this if you did not receive, or did not respond to, the original claim from the court saying you owed the money.

    ", + "

    Apply to get the judgment set aside

    ", + "

    To get a judgment set aside, fill in the application notice (N244) and send it to the court.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a court fee of \u00a3255.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to go to a private hearing at the court to explain why you do not owe the money.

    ", + "

    If you do not go to the hearing, your application will be rejected and you\u2019ll have to pay the amount in the judgment.

    ", + "

    CCJs and your credit rating

    ", + "

    If you get a county court judgment (CCJ) or a high court judgment, it will stay on the Register of Judgments, Orders and Fines for 6 years.

    ", + "

    Banks and loan companies use this information to decide whether to give you credit or loans.

    ", + "

    If you pay within one month

    ", + "

    If you pay the full amount within one month, you can get the judgment removed from the register.

    ", + "

    Write to the court to say you\u2019ve paid. You\u2019ll need to send proof of payment from the person or business you owed money to.

    ", + "

    If you pay after one month

    ", + "

    If you pay after one month, you can get the record of the judgment marked as \u2018satisfied\u2019 in the register.

    ", + "

    It will stay on the register for 6 years but people searching the register will see that you\u2019ve paid.

    ", + "

    Write to the court to say you\u2019ve paid. You\u2019ll need to send proof of payment from the person or business you owed money to.

    ", + "

    Getting a certificate of cancellation or satisfaction

    ", + "

    If you want proof from the court that you\u2019ve paid, you can apply for:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of cancellation - if you paid within one month
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of satisfaction - if you paid after one month
    • ", + "

    Apply for the certificate in writing or by sending form N443 to the court that is dealing with your case.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include a cheque for \u00a314 - make it payable to \u2018HMCTS\u2019. \nIf you want to pay by card, contact the court that\u2019s handling your case.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get proof of payment

    ", + "

    If you cannot get proof from the person or business you owed money to, you can still apply for a certificate of cancellation or satisfaction using form N443.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send evidence to the court showing you made the payment, for example a bank statement. If you do not have evidence, explain this on the form.

    ", + "

    The court will write to the person or business you owed money to. If they do not respond within 30 days, the court will use your evidence to make a decision.

    ", + "

    Search the register of judgments

    ", + "

    You can search for details of any judgments against you on the register of judgments.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a small fee - each search costs between \u00a36 and \u00a310.

    ", + "

    If the information on the register is wrong, contact Trust Online, who will check the details with the court:

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Late commercial payments: charging interest and debt recovery", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/late-commercial-payments-interest-debt-recovery", + "contents": [ + "

    When a payment becomes late

    ", + "

    You can claim interest and debt recovery costs if another business is late paying for goods or a service.

    ", + "

    If you agree a payment date, it must usually be within 30 days for public authorities or 60 days for business transactions.

    ", + "

    You can agree a longer period than 60 days for business transactions - but it must be fair to both businesses.

    ", + "

    If you do not agree a payment date, the law says the payment is late 30 days after either:

    ", + "
  • the customer gets the invoice
    • ", + "
  • you deliver the goods or provide the service (if this is later)
    • ", + "

    Interest on late commercial payments

    ", + "

    The interest you can charge if another business is late paying for goods or a service is \u2018statutory interest\u2019 - this is 8% plus the Bank of England base rate for business to business transactions. You cannot claim statutory interest if there\u2019s a different rate of interest in a contract.

    ", + "

    You cannot use a lower interest rate if you have a contract with public authorities.

    ", + "

    Check the current Bank of England base rate and previous rates.

    ", + "

    Send a new invoice if you decide to add interest to the money you\u2019re owed.

    ", + "

    Claim debt recovery costs on late payments

    ", + "

    You can also charge a business a fixed sum for the cost of recovering a late commercial payment on top of claiming interest from it.

    ", + "

    The amount you\u2019re allowed to charge depends on the amount of debt. You can only charge the business once for each payment.

    ", + "Amount of debt | What you can charge", + "Up to \u00a3999.99 | \u00a340", + "\u00a31,000 to \u00a39,999.99 | \u00a370", + "\u00a310,000 or more | \u00a3100", + "

    These amounts are set by late payment legislation.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a supplier, you can also claim for reasonable costs each time you try to recover the debt.

    ", + "

    Read more on recovering debt.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Liquidate your limited company", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/liquidate-your-company", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can choose to liquidate your limited company (also called \u2018winding up\u2019 a company).

    ", + "

    The company will stop doing business and employing people. The company will not exist once it\u2019s been removed (\u2018struck off\u2019) from the companies register at Companies House.

    ", + "

    When you liquidate a company, its assets are used to pay off its debts. Any money left goes to shareholders. You\u2019ll need a validation order to access your company bank account.

    ", + "

    If that money has not been shared between the shareholders by the time the company is removed from the register, it will go to the state.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to restore your company to claim back money after it\u2019s been removed from the register.

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of liquidation:

    ", + "
  • creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation - your company cannot pay its debts and you involve your creditors when you liquidate it
    • ", + "
  • compulsory liquidation - your company cannot pay its debts and you apply to the courts to liquidate it
    • ", + "
  • members\u2019 voluntary liquidation - your company can pay its debts but you want to close it
    • ", + "

    Your company may be forced into liquidation if it cannot pay its debts.

    ", + "

    Arrange liquidation with your creditors

    ", + "

    A director can propose a company stops trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if:

    ", + "
  • the company cannot pay its debts (it\u2019s \u2018insolvent\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • enough shareholders agree
    • ", + "

    Get shareholders\u2019 agreement

    ", + "

    You must call a meeting of shareholders and ask them to vote.

    ", + "

    75% (by value of shares) of shareholders must agree to the winding-up to pass a \u2018winding-up resolution\u2019.

    ", + "

    Once the resolution is made there are 3 steps you must follow.

    ", + "
  • Appoint an authorised insolvency practitioner as liquidator to take charge of liquidating the company. You can find an insolvency practitioner online.
    • ", + "
  • Send the resolution to Companies House within 15 days.
    • ", + "
  • Advertise the resolution in The Gazette within 14 days.
    • ", + "

    Your responsibilities as a director will change.

    ", + "

    Apply directly to the court

    ", + "

    A director can ask a court to order the company to stop trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019).

    ", + "

    This is known as \u2018compulsory liquidation\u2019.

    ", + "

    You need to show the court that:

    ", + "
  • the company cannot pay its debts of \u00a3750 or more
    • ", + "
  • 75% (by value of shares) of shareholders agree that the court can wind up the company
    • ", + "

    Your company can be based anywhere but must carry out most of its business in England, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Fill in a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019 (form Comp 1) and send it to the court with:

    ", + "
  • form Comp 2 confirming the details of your petition
    • ", + "
  • the winding-up resolution from the shareholders
    • ", + "

    Where you send the petition depends on how much \u2018paid-up share capital\u2019 your company has. You can find this on the Companies House register.

    ", + "

    Your paid-up share capital is \u00a3120,000 or more

    ", + "

    Submit the petition online. It\u2019ll go to the High Court.

    ", + "

    Your paid-up share capital is under \u00a3120,000

    ", + "

    Find your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    Submit the petition online if it\u2019s one of these courts:

    ", + "
  • Admiralty and Commercial Court
    • ", + "
  • Chancery Division
    • ", + "
  • Companies Court
    • ", + "
  • High Court (including Bankruptcy Court)
    • ", + "
  • London Mercantile Court
    • ", + "
  • Rolls Building
    • ", + "

    If it was another court you\u2019ll need to submit the petition by post.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,600 to submit the petition
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3280 for the court hearing
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a date for the hearing if the court accepts your petition.

    ", + "

    Before the court hearing, you must:

    ", + "
  • give (\u2018serve\u2019) a copy of the petition to your company - fill in a certificate of service to let the court know you\u2019ve done this
    • ", + "
  • put an advert in The Gazette at least 7 days before the hearing
    • ", + "
  • send a copy of the advert and the certificate of service to the court
    • ", + "

    The court hearing

    ", + "

    You or your solicitor must be at the court hearing. You do not have to give any evidence.

    ", + "

    If the court gives a winding-up order, the court will put an official receiver in charge of the liquidation. They\u2019ll start liquidating your company. A copy of the winding-up order will be sent to your company\u2019s registered office.

    ", + "

    Your role as a director will change.

    ", + "

    Liquidate a company you do not want to run anymore

    ", + "

    You may choose members\u2019 voluntary liquidation if your company is \u2018solvent\u2019 (can pay its debts) and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you want to retire
    • ", + "
  • you want to step down from the family business and nobody else wants to run it
    • ", + "
  • you do not want to run the business any more
    • ", + "

    To pass a resolution for members\u2019 voluntary liquidation, you must:

    ", + "
  • make a \u2018Declaration of solvency\u2019 - English and Welsh companies
    • ", + "
  • ask the Accountant in Bankruptcy for form 4.25 (Scot) - Scottish companies
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to review the company\u2019s assets and liabilities just before making the declaration.

    ", + "

    Make a declaration of solvency

    ", + "

    Write a statement saying that the directors have assessed the company and believe it can pay its debts, with interest at the official rate. You should also include:

    ", + "
  • the name and address of the company
    • ", + "
  • the names and addresses of the company\u2019s directors
    • ", + "
  • how long it will take the company to pay its debts - this must be no longer than 12 months from when the company\u2019s liquidated
    • ", + "

    You also need to include the statement of the company\u2019s assets and liabilities.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve signed the declaration or form

    ", + "

    There are 5 further steps to members\u2019 voluntary liquidation.

    ", + "
  • Sign the declaration or form 4.25 (Scot) - it must be signed by the majority of directors in front of a solicitor or \u2018notary public\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Call a general meeting with shareholders no more than 5 weeks later and pass a resolution for voluntary winding up.
    • ", + "
  • At the meeting appoint an authorised insolvency practitioner as a liquidator who will take charge of winding up the company. You can find an insolvency practitioner online.
    • ", + "
  • Advertise the resolution in The Gazette within 14 days.
    • ", + "
  • Send your signed declaration to Companies House or form 4.25 (Scot) to the Accountant in Bankruptcy (for Scottish companies) within 15 days of passing the resolution.
    • ", + "

    When the liquidator is appointed they take control of the company. Your responsibilities as a director will change.

    ", + "

    What the liquidator does

    ", + "

    The liquidator is an authorised insolvency practitioner or official receiver who runs the liquidation process.

    ", + "

    As soon as the liquidator is appointed, they\u2019ll take control of the business.

    ", + "

    They will:

    ", + "
  • settle any legal disputes or outstanding contracts
    • ", + "
  • sell off the company\u2019s assets and use any money to pay creditors
    • ", + "
  • meet deadlines for paperwork and keep authorities informed
    • ", + "
  • pay liquidation costs and the final VAT bill
    • ", + "
  • keep creditors informed and involve them in decisions where necessary
    • ", + "
  • make payments to creditors
    • ", + "
  • interview the directors and report on what went wrong in the business
    • ", + "
  • get the company removed from the companies register
    • ", + "

    In a creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation, the liquidator acts in the interest of the creditors not the directors.

    ", + "

    What happens to directors

    ", + "

    When a liquidator is appointed, directors:

    ", + "
  • no longer have control of the company or anything it owns
    • ", + "
  • cannot act for or on behalf of the company
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a director you must:

    ", + "
  • give the liquidator any information about the company they ask for
    • ", + "
  • hand over the company\u2019s assets, records and paperwork
    • ", + "
  • allow the liquidator to interview you, if they ask
    • ", + "

    You can be banned from being a director for 2 to 15 years or prosecuted if the liquidator decides your conduct was unfit.

    ", + "

    Re-using company names

    ", + "

    If you were a director of a company in compulsory liquidation or creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation, you\u2019ll be banned for 5 years from forming, managing or promoting any business with the same or similar name to your liquidated company. This includes the company\u2019s registered name and any trading names (if it had any).

    ", + "

    The only exceptions to this are where:

    ", + "
  • the business is sold by a licensed insolvency practitioner giving the legally required notice
    • ", + "
  • you get the court\u2019s permission to use the name
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re involved with another company that\u2019s been using the same name as the liquidated company for at least a year
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on re-using company names.

    ", + "

    Access to your bank account

    ", + "

    Your company\u2019s bank account will be frozen when someone files a petition to wind up the company.

    ", + "

    You need a validation order to access it.

    ", + "

    How to apply for a validation order

    ", + "

    Tell the person who filed the winding-up petition (the respondent) you\u2019re applying for a validation order. You must also tell them what court you\u2019ll apply to (usually the Companies Court) and when you\u2019ll apply.

    ", + "

    Fill in Form IAA and write a witness statement. Take the form and the statement to the court.

    ", + "

    You need to pay a \u00a3155 fee.

    ", + "

    What happens after you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a hearing on the same day or within the next few days.

    ", + "

    At the hearing, you present your case to a registrar or district judge.

    ", + "

    The respondent will present their case if they object to you getting a validation order.

    ", + "

    At the end of the hearing you\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • get a decision - you\u2019ll also get a written copy sent to you
    • ", + "
  • be asked to attend another hearing if the court wants more evidence
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given the validation order if your application is successful. You must give your bank a copy of this to access your company\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    If you do not agree with the decision you may be able to appeal to the Chancery Division of the High Court.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Make a court claim for money", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-court-claim-for-money", + "contents": [ + "

    How to make a claim

    ", + "

    You can apply to a county court to claim money you\u2019re owed by a person or business.

    ", + "

    This is known as making a court claim. It often used to be known as taking someone to a \u2018small claims court\u2019.

    ", + "

    A mediation service could be quicker and cheaper than going to court. Mediation is when an impartial person helps both sides work out an agreement.

    ", + "

    The process is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    Make your claim online if you\u2019re claiming for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount of money.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a paper claim form N1 if you\u2019re claiming for an unspecified amount of money.

    ", + "

    You can also use the paper claim form to claim for a fixed amount.

    ", + "

    Send the paper form to the County Court Money Claims Centre.

    ", + "

    You must pay a court fee when you make a claim.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You might have to go to a court hearing if the other person or business (the \u2018defendant\u2019) denies owing the money and you disagree with their response.

    ", + "

    You can get the court to order them to pay if they:

    ", + "
  • do not respond to your claim
    • ", + "
  • admit they owe you but do not pay
    • ", + "

    If they still do not pay, you can ask the court to take further steps to collect the money - for example, by using bailiffs.

    ", + "

    Court fees

    ", + "

    You must pay a court fee when you make your claim.

    ", + "

    If you know the claim amount

    ", + "

    The court fee is based on the amount you\u2019re claiming, plus interest.

    ", + "Claim amount | Fees", + "Up to \u00a3300 | \u00a335", + "\u00a3300.01 to \u00a3500 | \u00a350", + "\u00a3500.01 to \u00a31,000 | \u00a370", + "\u00a31,000.01 to \u00a31,500 | \u00a380", + "\u00a31,500.01 to \u00a33,000 | \u00a3115", + "\u00a33,000.01 to \u00a35,000 | \u00a3205", + "\u00a35,000.01 to \u00a310,000 | \u00a3455", + "\u00a310,000.01 to \u00a3200,000 | 5% of the claim", + "More than \u00a3200,000 | \u00a310,000", + "

    To calculate 5% of the value of the claim, take the amount you\u2019re claiming and multiply it by 0.05. If necessary, round down the result to the nearest 1p.

    ", + "

    The fee will be calculated for you if you make your claim online.

    ", + "

    If you do not know the claim amount

    ", + "

    Use the paper claim form if you do not know the exact amount - you cannot make a claim online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to estimate the amount you\u2019re claiming and pay the fee for that amount.

    ", + "

    For example, if you estimate you\u2019re claiming between \u00a33,000.01 and \u00a35,000, you\u2019d have to pay \u00a3205.

    ", + "

    If you leave the \u2018amount claimed\u2019 blank, the fee is \u00a310,000.

    ", + "

    Pay the court fee

    ", + "

    Pay by credit or debit card if you\u2019re making a claim online.

    ", + "

    If you use the paper claim form, pay by credit or debit card by sending a letter with your form asking to pay by card. Include your telephone number and a suitable time for the court to call you and take the payment.

    ", + "

    You can also pay by postal order or cheque (payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019) if you use the paper claim form.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay more fees later on - for example, if there\u2019s a court hearing or you need to get a judgment enforced.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim the fees back if you win the case.

    ", + "

    Find out more about court fees.

    ", + "

    Claim the interest

    ", + "

    You can claim interest on the money you\u2019re owed.

    ", + "

    The interest will be calculated for you if you claim for an unspecified amount.

    ", + "

    You need to work out the interest yourself if you\u2019re claiming for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount of money.

    ", + "

    Work out the interest

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re owed money by another business, you can charge interest on a late commercial payment.

    ", + "

    For other types of debt, the rate is usually 8%.

    ", + "

    To calculate this, use the steps below.

    ", + "
  • Work out the yearly interest: take the amount you\u2019re claiming and multiply it by 0.08 (which is 8%).
    • ", + "
  • Work out the daily interest: divide your yearly interest from step 1 by 365 (the number of days in a year).
    • ", + "
  • Work out the total amount of interest: multiply the daily interest from step 2 by the number of days the debt has been overdue.
    • ", + "

    After you make your claim

    ", + "

    The person or business who owes you money (the \u2018defendant\u2019) must respond to your claim. You\u2019ll be sent a letter or email telling you the date they need to respond by.

    ", + "

    What to do if you get paid

    ", + "

    Tell the defendant when you\u2019ve received their payment.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on how you made the claim.

    ", + "

    If you used a paper claim form

    ", + "

    Contact the court where you sent your claim.

    ", + "

    If you claimed online

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • update your claim in the Money Claim Online service
    • ", + "
  • call or email - the contact details you use depends on how much money you\u2019re claiming.
    • ", + "

    If your claim is less than \u00a310,000, contact Civil Money Claims.

    ", + "

    If your claim is between \u00a310,000 and \u00a3100,000, contact Money Claim Online.

    ", + "

    If you do not get a response

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to order the defendant to pay if they do not respond to your claim.

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • request a judgment if you made your claim online
    • ", + "
  • use request for judgment form N225 if you claimed a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount using a claim form
    • ", + "
  • use request for judgment form N227 if you claimed an unspecified amount using a claim form
    • ", + "

    If you disagree with the response

    ", + "

    You might have to go to a court hearing if:

    ", + "
  • the defendant says they do not owe you any money
    • ", + "
  • they disagree with the amount you\u2019ve claimed
    • ", + "
  • you do not agree with how they\u2019ve offered to repay you
    • ", + "

    The court may send you a questionnaire asking for more information on the case.

    ", + "

    If your claim is under \u00a310,000, you\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019d like to use the court\u2019s small claims mediation service to reach an agreement with the defendant.

    ", + "

    Fill in the questionnaire and return it to the court. You\u2019ll have to pay an extra court fee.

    ", + "

    The judge might not award you costs if they think you\u2019ve made no effort to agree out of court.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    Do not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a hearing, you can:

    ", + "
  • represent yourself
    • ", + "
  • pay for a barrister or solicitor to represent you
    • ", + "
  • ask someone to advise you in court - they do not have to be a lawyer
    • ", + "
  • ask someone to speak on your behalf - you might need to get the court\u2019s permission
    • ", + "

    Your hearing can be held in the judge\u2019s room or a courtroom in a county court if your claim is for less than \u00a310,000. There might be a more formal hearing if you\u2019re claiming for more.

    ", + "

    After the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision on the day of the hearing. The court will also send you a copy of the decision by post.

    ", + "

    If you win your case, the court will order the person or business who owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) to pay you. There are ways the court can collect your payment if they ignore the court order.

    ", + "

    Appeal the decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal the decision if you think the judge made a mistake during the hearing. You must do this within 21 days of getting the decision.

    ", + "

    Find out which court or tribunal to appeal to.

    ", + "

    Contact Citizens Advice to get advice on appealing.

    ", + "

    Enforce a judgment

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to collect payment from the person or business who owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) if they do not pay you after receiving the court order.

    ", + "

    You must pay a court fee when you ask the court to collect the payment.

    ", + "

    Find out what the debtor can afford to pay

    ", + "

    Ask the court to order the debtor to attend court to provide evidence of their income or spending, for example bills and statements.

    ", + "

    If the money is owed by a business, you can ask for an officer from the company to attend court and give details of its accounts.

    ", + "

    You can then decide if you want the court to take further action to collect your payment.

    ", + "

    Send bailiffs to collect payment

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to send bailiffs to collect the money.

    ", + "

    The bailiff will ask for payment within 7 days. If the debt is not paid, the bailiff will visit the debtor\u2019s home or business to see if anything can be sold to pay the debt.

    ", + "

    You can apply to either a county court or the High Court if you\u2019re owed between \u00a3600 and \u00a35,000.

    ", + "

    You may need legal advice if you apply at the High Court.

    ", + "

    How you apply to the court depends on how you made your claim.

    ", + "

    You claimed online

    ", + "

    If your reference number has \u2018MC\u2019 in it, download and fill in either:

    ", + "
  • form N323 - to apply at a county court (you must be owed \u00a35,000 or less)
    • ", + "
  • form N293A - to apply at the High Court (you must be owed at least \u00a3600)
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, enforce a judgment using Money Claim Online.

    ", + "

    You used a paper claim form

    ", + "

    Download and fill in either:

    ", + "
  • form N323 - to apply at a county court (you must be owed \u00a35,000 or less)
    • ", + "
  • form N293A - to apply at the High Court (you must be owed at least \u00a3600)
    • ", + "

    Get money deducted from wages

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to take money from the debtor\u2019s wages to pay the debt. They do this by sending an order to the debtor\u2019s employer.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a request for an attachment of earnings order form N337.

    ", + "

    Freeze assets or money in an account

    ", + "

    The court can freeze money in the debtor\u2019s bank, building society or business account.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a request for a third party debt order form N349.

    ", + "

    The court will decide if money from the account can be used to pay the debt.

    ", + "

    Charge the debtor\u2019s land or property

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to charge the debtor\u2019s land or property.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a request for a charging order form N379.

    ", + "

    If the land or property is sold, the debtor must pay this charge before they get their money.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Respond to a court claim for money", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/respond-to-court-claim-for-money", + "contents": [ + "

    How to respond

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or email if someone claims you owe them money. You must respond by the date on the email or letter you receive.

    ", + "

    You can respond by:

    ", + "
  • paying the full amount
    • ", + "
  • paying only what you think you owe
    • ", + "
  • defending the claim (if you do not think you owe any money or you\u2019ve already paid)
    • ", + "

    You might have to pay more or get a county court judgment (CCJ) if you do not respond in time.

    ", + "

    If you need more time to respond

    ", + "

    You can ask for another 14 days to respond if you\u2019re defending the claim or paying only what you think you owe.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the acknowledgement of service form in the response pack.

    ", + "

    Send it to the court address on the claim form.

    ", + "

    The process is different in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Pay the full amount

    ", + "

    Send a cheque or postal order made payable to the person or business you owe money to (the \u2018claimant\u2019). Their name and address will be on the claim form.

    ", + "

    You can also pay the claimant in person.

    ", + "

    Keep proof (for example, your bank records or a receipt from the claimant) to show you\u2019ve paid.

    ", + "

    If you cannot afford to pay the full amount at once

    ", + "

    You can offer to pay in instalments or by a certain date.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in either:

    ", + "
  • form N9A if the claim is for a specified amount
    • ", + "
  • form N9C if the claim is for an unspecified amount
    • ", + "

    You must say how you want to pay (a certain amount per month for example) and send the completed form to the address on the claim form.

    ", + "

    If the claimant does not accept your offer, the court will decide how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can be taken to court and you may have to pay extra costs if you do not keep up the payments.

    ", + "

    If the claim is for an unspecified amount

    ", + "

    Download and fill in admission form N9A. Either:

    ", + "
  • ask the court to decide how much you owe
    • ", + "
  • offer to pay a certain amount
    • ", + "

    You might have to give more information at a hearing if you ask the court to decide or the claimant rejects your offer.

    ", + "

    The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already paid

    ", + "

    You must defend the claim if you\u2019ve already paid the claimant.

    ", + "

    You might still have to pay court fees if you paid the claimant after they made the claim.

    ", + "

    Pay some of the money

    ", + "

    If you do not agree with the amount on the claim form, you can apply to the court to pay only what you think you owe.

    ", + "

    You must send the court both:

    ", + "
  • an admission form to say how much you\u2019ll pay
    • ", + "
  • a defence form to explain why you do not owe the full amount
    • ", + "

    Respond online if the claim was made using Money Claim Online.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, which forms you fill in will depend on whether the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) or an unspecified amount.

    ", + "

    The claim is for a specified amount

    ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • admission form N9A
    • ", + "
  • defence form N9B
    • ", + "

    The claim is for an unspecified amount

    ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • admission form N9C
    • ", + "
  • defence form N9D
    • ", + "

    If your offer is rejected

    ", + "

    The court will decide how much you owe.

    ", + "

    You might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    Defend the claim

    ", + "

    You can defend the claim if either:

    ", + "
  • you do not think you owe the other person or business any money
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve already paid them
    • ", + "

    You can also make a claim against them (\u2018counterclaim\u2019) if you think they owe you money. You might have to pay a court fee.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in either:

    ", + "
  • form N9B if the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount
    • ", + "
  • form N9D if the claim is for an unspecified amount
    • ", + "

    You can respond online if the claim was made using an online service.

    ", + "

    The court will decide whether you owe any money, and how much.

    ", + "

    You might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    Going to a court hearing

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a hearing, you can:

    ", + "
  • represent yourself
    • ", + "
  • pay for a barrister or solicitor to represent you
    • ", + "
  • ask someone to advise you in court - they do not have to be a lawyer
    • ", + "
  • ask someone to speak on your behalf - you might need to get the court\u2019s permission
    • ", + "

    Your hearing can be held in the judge\u2019s room or a courtroom in a county court if the claim is for less than \u00a310,000. There might be a more formal hearing if the claim is for more.

    ", + "

    Do not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.

    ", + "

    After the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision on the day of the hearing. The court will also send you a copy of the decision by post.

    ", + "

    Appeal the decision

    ", + "

    You can ask to appeal the decision if you think the judge made a mistake during the hearing. You must ask within 21 days of the date the decision was made.

    ", + "

    Find out which court or tribunal to appeal to.

    ", + "

    Contact Citizens Advice to get advice on appealing.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Wind up a company that owes you money", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/wind-up-a-company-that-owes-you-money", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to the court to close or \u2018wind up\u2019 a company if it cannot pay its debts. This is also known as compulsory liquidation.

    ", + "

    To wind up a company you must:

    ", + "
  • be owed \u00a3750 or more
    • ", + "
  • be able to prove that the company cannot pay you
    • ", + "

    You need to fill in forms and send them to the right court to apply to wind up a company.

    ", + "

    Your application to the court is known as a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019. If you\u2019re successful:

    ", + "
  • the company assets are sold
    • ", + "
  • any legal disputes are settled
    • ", + "
  • the company collects money it\u2019s owed
    • ", + "
  • funds are paid to you and any other creditors
    • ", + "

    You might not get all or any of the money you\u2019re owed.

    ", + "

    There are also other ways to recover money that you\u2019re owed. You can get a debt specialist (like a solicitor) to help you recover debt.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    The fees are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3280 - court fees
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,600 - petition deposit (to manage the \u2018winding-up\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You might be able to get the fees back if the company can afford to repay them.

    ", + "

    Scottish companies

    ", + "

    There are different rules on winding up a company in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must send the right form to the court before they can deal with your petition. You might want to get legal help to make sure you submit your petition correctly.

    ", + "

    Forms

    ", + "

    Fill in form Comp 1 and make 3 copies.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • make sure the company\u2019s details are correct
    • ", + "
  • state if any European Community regulations apply (this applies if the company is registered in or does business in England and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • ask the court to restore the company (if it\u2019s been dissolved) before winding up the company
    • ", + "

    You need to provide evidence the company owes you money, for example:

    ", + "
  • a statutory demand - include the amount and date the demand was served
    • ", + "
  • a court judgment - include the amount awarded (and your costs and interest), the date of the judgment, the court name and case number
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to fill in form Comp 2 confirming the details of your petition.

    ", + "

    Where to send the petition

    ", + "

    Where you send the petition depends on how much \u2018paid-up share capital\u2019 the company has - you can find this on the Companies House register.

    ", + "

    Paid-up share capital is \u00a3120,000 or more

    ", + "

    Submit the petition online. It\u2019ll go to the High Court.

    ", + "

    You pay the court fees online, but not the petition deposit. You\u2019ll get an email after you apply, telling you how to pay the deposit.

    ", + "

    Paid-up share capital is under \u00a3120,000

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to find the court nearest to the company\u2019s registered office - the court must deal with bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    Submit the petition online if it\u2019s one of these courts:

    ", + "
  • Admiralty and Commercial Court
    • ", + "
  • Chancery Division
    • ", + "
  • Companies Court
    • ", + "
  • High Court (including Bankruptcy Court)
    • ", + "
  • London Mercantile Court
    • ", + "
  • Rolls Building
    • ", + "

    You pay the court fees online, but not the petition deposit. You\u2019ll get an email after you apply, telling you how to pay the deposit.

    ", + "

    If it was another court you\u2019ll need to submit the petition by post. You can pay the fees by cash, postal order or a building society, bank or solicitor\u2019s cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a copy of your petition from the court after you pay the petition deposit. You must:

    ", + "
  • deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) it to a company director or employee
    • ", + "
  • provide a certificate of service to the court confirming that the petition has been served on the company
    • ", + "

    You can get a \u2018process server\u2019 to help you - your solicitor can arrange this.

    ", + "

    You can serve the petition by attaching it to the company\u2019s front door or leaving it at the office if you cannot serve it in person.

    ", + "

    The day after you serve the petition, send a copy to the relevant liquidator, administrative receiver, administrator or supervisor if the company is involved in:

    ", + "
  • voluntary liquidation
    • ", + "
  • administrative receivership
    • ", + "
  • an administration order
    • ", + "
  • a voluntary arrangement
    • ", + "

    The court hearing

    ", + "

    If the court accepts your petition, they\u2019ll arrange a date for a hearing.

    ", + "

    Announce the hearing

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re given a date for the hearing, you must formally announce when and where it will take place.

    ", + "
  • At least 7 working days before the hearing, place an advert in The Gazette to say the petition has been served.
    • ", + "
  • Send a copy of the advert and form Comp 3 to the court at least 5 working days before the hearing.
    • ", + "
  • Give a list of everyone who will be attending to the court by 4:30pm on the day before the hearing.
    • ", + "

    The advert must state:

    ", + "
  • that you\u2019ve presented a petition to wind up the company
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your solicitor\u2019s name and address (if you have one)
    • ", + "
  • the date you presented the petition
    • ", + "
  • the court where the hearing will take place
    • ", + "
  • that anyone wanting to come to the hearing must give notice
    • ", + "

    After the hearing

    ", + "

    If the petition is successful, the court will issue a winding-up order.

    ", + "

    The court will put an official receiver in charge of the liquidation. They\u2019ll start the process of turning the company\u2019s assets into money that can be used to pay the company\u2019s debts.

    ", + "

    Other creditors can register to claim the money they\u2019re owed.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a decision about a lawful development certificate", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-lawful-development-certificate-decision", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority makes decisions about lawful development certificates.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against a lawful development certificate decision if either:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with it
    • ", + "
  • the decision was not made within 8 weeks (6 weeks for work to a listed building)
    • ", + "

    Do not appeal if you\u2019ve already been given an enforcement notice. You may have to pay additional costs if you do.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the lawful development certificate application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    There\u2019s normally no deadline. If you\u2019re appealing an application about a listed building lawful development certificate, you must appeal within 6 months of the decision.

    ", + "

    You can apply for planning permission at the same time as appealing a lawful development certificate decision.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.

    ", + "

    Check how long appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.

    ", + "

    You also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice - if they did not make a decision, send a copy of the letter acknowledging your application
    • ", + "
  • all plans, drawings and documents you sent to the local planning authority
    • ", + "
  • any letters or emails between you and the local planning authority
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit:

    ", + "
  • a map of the site
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds of appeal
    • ", + "

    If you think your land or building is now lawful because the time limit for enforcement has passed, you also need to submit evidence like:

    ", + "
  • dated photographs of the site
    • ", + "
  • letters from neighbours
    • ", + "
  • receipts or invoices for work
    • ", + "
  • plans and drawings
    • ", + "

    You can upload these documents or pictures of these documents when you appeal.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on a lawful development certificate appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal. The deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. The local planning authority has to do this within 2 weeks of the appeal being validated by the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s going to be an inquiry, interested parties can apply to have \u2018rule 6 status\u2019, which means they\u2019ll play a much bigger part. For example, they can call witnesses and give evidence.

    ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Business rates", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Business rates are charged on most non-domestic properties, like:

    ", + "
  • shops
    • ", + "
  • offices
    • ", + "
  • pubs
    • ", + "
  • warehouses
    • ", + "
  • factories
    • ", + "
  • holiday rental homes or guest houses
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll probably have to pay business rates if you use a building or part of a building for non-domestic purposes.

    ", + "

    Business rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What to pay and when

    ", + "

    Your local council will send you a business rates bill in February or March each year. This is for the following tax year. You can also estimate your business rates bill.

    ", + "

    You can get help with business rates from:

    ", + "
  • your council if you have questions about your bill
    • ", + "
  • the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you think your \u2018rateable value\u2019 is wrong
    • ", + "

    Relief schemes

    ", + "

    You may be able to get business rates relief from your local council to reduce your bill. This is sometimes automatic, but you may need to apply.

    ", + "

    The process depends on whether you\u2019re in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Who does not need to pay

    ", + "

    Certain properties are exempt from business rates, for example farm buildings or places used for the welfare of disabled people.

    ", + "

    If you own a stable

    ", + "

    You usually need to pay business rates on your stables, unless you use your horses for farming.

    ", + "

    You may pay Council Tax instead if your stables are in your garden. Contact VOA to check if you\u2019re not sure which you should pay.

    ", + "

    How your rates are calculated

    ", + "

    Business rates are worked out based on your property\u2019s \u2018rateable value\u2019.

    ", + "

    This is its open market rental value on 1 April 2015, based on an estimate by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).

    ", + "

    You can estimate your business rates by multiplying the rateable value by the correct \u2018multiplier\u2019 (an amount set by central government).

    ", + "

    Your bill will be reduced if your property\u2019s eligible for business rates relief.

    ", + "

    Business rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you think your rates are wrong

    ", + "

    You can ask for your property\u2019s rateable value to be corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to provide rental information

    ", + "

    The VOA may ask you to provide rental information about your property so they can work out its rateable value.

    ", + "

    Contact the VOA if you need more time to send in your rental information.

    ", + "

    Revaluation

    ", + "

    At revaluation, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) adjusts the rateable value of business properties to reflect changes in the property market.

    ", + "

    It usually happens every 5 years. The most recent revaluation came into effect in England and Wales on 1 April 2017, based on rateable values from 1 April 2015.

    ", + "

    You can check your valuation when you estimate your business rates.

    ", + "

    Business rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What happens at revaluation

    ", + "

    At revaluation:

    ", + "
  • all properties are given a new rateable value
    • ", + "
  • multipliers are revised
    • ", + "

    This means that a change in your rateable value does not always mean a change in your bill.

    ", + "

    To make sure your valuations are accurate, you may need to give VOA up-to-date rental evidence for your property at revaluation.

    ", + "

    Get business rates relief

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a discount from your local council if you\u2019re eligible for business rates relief.

    ", + "

    For example you may be able to get:

    ", + "
  • transitional relief so that changes to your bill as a result of revaluation are phased in gradually
    • ", + "
  • small business relief so that you pay no business rates if your rateable value is below \u00a315,000
    • ", + "

    Get help with business rates

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a discount from your local council on your business rates if you\u2019re eligible for one or more business rates relief schemes.

    ", + "

    For help with your property\u2019s rateable value, contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).

    ", + "

    For help with your business rates bill (for example to pay in instalments) or rate relief, contact your council.

    ", + "

    Get professional advice

    ", + "

    You can also get help from a qualified rating surveyor through one of the following organisations:

    ", + "
  • Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS)
    • ", + "
  • Institute of Revenues, Rating and Valuation (IRRV)
    • ", + "
  • Rating Surveyors Association
    • ", + "

    You may be charged for any advice you get from a rating surveyor right from the start.

    ", + "

    You can call the RICS enquiry line for advice. The first 30 minutes are free.

    ", + "

    If your business or premises change

    ", + "

    Your business rates could change if:

    ", + "
  • you move or make changes to your premises
    • ", + "
  • the nature of your business changes
    • ", + "
  • you sublet part of your property
    • ", + "
  • you merge 2 or more properties into 1
    • ", + "

    You must report any changes to ensure you\u2019re paying the right amount and do not get a backdated increase in your bill.

    ", + "

    Report changes using the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) service in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Business rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    If your premises are affected by local disruption

    ", + "

    You may get a temporary reduction in your business rates if your premises are affected by severe local disruption (like flooding, building or roadworks).

    ", + "

    Report changes using the VOA service.

    ", + "

    Working at home

    ", + "

    You do not usually have to pay business rates for home-based businesses if you:

    ", + "
  • use a small part of your home for your business, for example if you use a bedroom as an office
    • ", + "
  • sell goods by post
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay business rates as well as Council Tax if:

    ", + "
  • your property is part business and part domestic, for example if you live above your shop
    • ", + "
  • you sell goods or services to people who visit your property
    • ", + "
  • you employ other people to work at your property
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve made changes to your home for your business, for example converted a garage to a hairdresser\u2019s
    • ", + "

    Contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) to find out if you should be paying business rates. In Scotland, contact your local assessor.

    ", + "

    Pubs and licensed trade

    ", + "

    In England and Wales, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) works out your rateable value based on the annual level of trade (excluding VAT) that a pub is expected to achieve if operated in a reasonably efficient way.

    ", + "

    This is called \u2018fair maintainable trade\u2019 and it\u2019s based on:

    ", + "
  • the type of pub or licensed premises
    • ", + "
  • the area it\u2019s in
    • ", + "
  • the services it offers, for example food, gaming, or sports screenings
    • ", + "

    The VOA also looks at rents and turnovers to work out the fair maintainable trade figure, then applies a percentage to work out the rateable value.

    ", + "

    The percentages are agreed with the British Beer and Pub Association and they\u2019re in the VOA\u2019s pub guide.

    ", + "

    You can read more about how the VOA values pubs and other licensed premises for business rates.

    ", + "

    Contact the VOA if you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used.

    ", + "

    You can also find and check your business rates valuation online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide details of turnover (excluding VAT) for all sources, such as liquor, food and gaming.

    ", + "

    You can also use the online contact VOA service.

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    In Scotland, your local assessor works out your rateable value.

    ", + "

    If you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used, contact your local assessor.

    ", + "

    Self-catering and holiday let accommodation

    ", + "

    If your property is in England and available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year, it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates.

    ", + "

    If your property is in Wales it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates if it\u2019s both:

    ", + "
  • available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year
    • ", + "
  • actually let for 70 days
    • ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland.

    ", + "

    The Valuation Office will work out the rateable value of your property based on its type, size, location, quality and how much income you\u2019re likely to make from letting it.

    ", + "

    If you only let one property and its rateable value is less than \u00a315,000 you may be eligible for small business rate relief.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Business rates relief", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-business-rate-relief", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Some properties are eligible for discounts from the local council on their business rates. This is called \u2018business rates relief\u2019.

    ", + "

    Rates relief is handled differently in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You have to contact your local council to see if you\u2019re eligible and apply for:

    ", + "
  • small business rate relief
    • ", + "
  • rural rate relief
    • ", + "
  • charitable rate relief
    • ", + "
  • enterprise zone relief
    • ", + "
  • hardship relief
    • ", + "
  • retail discount
    • ", + "
  • local newspaper relief
    • ", + "

    Your council automatically applies:

    ", + "
  • exempted buildings and empty buildings relief
    • ", + "
  • transitional relief if your rates change by more than a certain amount at revaluation
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council if you\u2019re not getting a relief you think you\u2019re entitled to.

    ", + "

    Find out what support is available for businesses, including business rates grants or holidays, because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If your premises are affected by local disruption

    ", + "

    You may get a temporary reduction in your business rates if your premises are affected by severe local disruption (like flooding, building or roadworks).

    ", + "

    You can report that something external to the premises has affected its value using the Valuation Office Agency service.

    ", + "

    Small business rate relief

    ", + "

    You can get small business rate relief if:

    ", + "
  • your property\u2019s rateable value is less than \u00a315,000
    • ", + "
  • your business only uses one property - you may still be able to get relief if you use more
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council to apply for small business rate relief.

    ", + "

    What you get

    ", + "

    You will not pay business rates on a property with a rateable value of \u00a312,000 or less.

    ", + "

    For properties with a rateable value of \u00a312,001 to \u00a315,000, the rate of relief will go down gradually from 100% to 0%.

    ", + "

    If you use more than one property

    ", + "

    When you get a second property, you\u2019ll keep getting any existing relief on your main property for 12 months.

    ", + "

    You can still get small business rate relief on your main property after this if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • none of your other properties have a rateable value above \u00a32,899
    • ", + "
  • the total rateable value of all your properties is less than \u00a320,000 (\u00a328,000 in London)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re a small business but do not qualify for small business rate relief

    ", + "

    If your property in England has a rateable value below \u00a351,000, your bill will be calculated using the small business multiplier, which is lower than the standard one. This is the case even if you do not get small business rate relief.

    ", + "

    The small business multiplier is 49.1p and the standard multiplier is 50.4p from 1 April 2019 to 31 March 2020. The multipliers may be different in the City of London.

    ", + "

    Rural rate relief

    ", + "

    You could get rural rate relief if your business is in a rural area with a population below 3,000.

    ", + "

    You will not pay business rates if your business is in an eligible area and either:

    ", + "
  • the only village shop or post office, with a rateable value of up to \u00a38,500
    • ", + "
  • the only public house or petrol station, with a rateable value of up to \u00a312,500
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council to check you\u2019re eligible and to apply for rural rate relief.

    ", + "

    Charitable rate relief

    ", + "

    Charities and community amateur sports clubs can apply for charitable rate relief of up to 80% if a property is used for charitable purposes.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to:

    ", + "
  • check if you\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "
  • find out if they can top up the discount to 100% (called \u2018discretionary relief\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for charitable rate relief

    ", + "

    You may still be able to get discretionary relief if you\u2019re a non-profit or voluntary organisation. Contact your council to find out.

    ", + "

    Enterprise zones

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re starting up or relocating to an enterprise zone you could qualify for business rates relief.

    ", + "

    The council works out how the relief is applied. You could get up to \u00a355,000 a year over 5 years.

    ", + "

    Find your local enterprise zone to check whether it offers business rates relief, and how and when to apply.

    ", + "

    Exempted buildings and empty buildings relief

    ", + "

    Exempted buildings

    ", + "

    Certain properties are exempt from business rates.

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay business rates on:

    ", + "
  • agricultural land and buildings, including fish farms
    • ", + "
  • buildings used for training or welfare of disabled people
    • ", + "
  • buildings registered for public religious worship or church halls
    • ", + "

    However, there are strict legal requirements for these exemptions.

    ", + "

    If your property is in England, you can report that you think it should be exempt using the Valuation Office Agency service.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to report exemptions if your property is in Wales.

    ", + "

    Empty properties

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay business rates on empty buildings for 3 months. After this time, most businesses must pay full business rates.

    ", + "

    Some properties can get extended empty property relief:

    ", + "
  • industrial premises (for example warehouses) are exempt for a further 3 months
    • ", + "
  • listed buildings - until they\u2019re reoccupied
    • ", + "
  • buildings with a rateable value under \u00a32,900 - until they\u2019re reoccupied
    • ", + "
  • properties owned by charities - only if the property\u2019s next use will be mostly for charitable purposes
    • ", + "
  • community amateur sports clubs buildings - only if the next use will be mostly as a sports club
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council to let them know when your property becomes vacant.

    ", + "

    Hardship relief

    ", + "

    In England, councils can reduce your business rates bill with hardship relief.

    ", + "

    To be eligible, you must satisfy your council that both:

    ", + "
  • you would be in financial difficulties without it
    • ", + "
  • giving hardship relief to you is in the interests of local people
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council and explain your situation if you think you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Transitional relief

    ", + "

    Transitional relief limits how much your bill can change each year as a result of revaluation.

    ", + "

    This means changes to your bill are phased in gradually, if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You get transitional relief if your:

    ", + "
  • property is in England
    • ", + "
  • rates go up or down by more than a certain amount
    • ", + "

    Your council will adjust your bill automatically if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How much your bill can change by

    ", + "

    How much your bill can change by from one year to the next depends on both:

    ", + "
  • your property\u2019s rateable value
    • ", + "
  • whether your bill is increasing or decreasing as a result of revaluation
    • ", + "

    You stop getting transitional relief when your bill reaches the full amount set by a revaluation.

    ", + "

    The business rates year is from 1 April to 31 March the following year.

    ", + "

    If your bill is increasing

    ", + "Rateable value | 2017 to 2018 | 2018 to 2019 | 2019 to 2020 | 2020 to 2021 | 2021 to 2022", + "Up to \u00a320,000 (\u00a328,000 in London) | 5.0% | 7.5% | 10.0% | 15.0% | 15.0%", + "20,001 (28,001 in London) to \u00a399,999 | 12.5% | 17.5% | 20.0% | 25.0% | 25.0%", + "Over \u00a3100,000 | 42.0% | 32.0% | 49.0% | 16.0% | 6.0%", + "

    If your bill is decreasing

    ", + "Rateable value | 2017 to 2018 | 2018 to 2019 | 2019 to 2020 | 2020 to 2021 | 2021 to 2022", + "Up to \u00a320,000 (\u00a328,000 in London) | 20.0% | 30.0% | 35.0% | 55.0% | 55.0%", + "20,001 (28,001 in London) to \u00a399,999 | 10.0% | 15.0% | 20.0% | 25.0% | 25.0%", + "Over \u00a3100,000 | 4.1% | 4.6% | 5.9% | 5.8% | 4.8%", + "

    If you\u2019ve received a transitional certificate

    ", + "

    The transitional certificate value will be used in the business rates calculation for your property instead of the usual rateable value.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the value of the certificate, contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).

    ", + "

    Retail discount

    ", + "

    You could qualify for retail discount if your business is a:

    ", + "
  • shop
    • ", + "
  • restaurant, caf\u00e9, bar or pub
    • ", + "
  • cinema or music venue
    • ", + "
  • hospitality or leisure business - for example, a gym, a spa, a casino or a hotel
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council to find out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, you could get:

    ", + "
  • 100% off your business rates bills for the 2020 to 2021 tax year (1 April 2020 to 31 March 2021)
    • ", + "
  • 100% off your business rates bills for the first 3 months of the 2021 to 2022 tax year (1 April 2021 to 30 June 2021)
    • ", + "
  • 66% off your business rates bills for the rest of the 2021 to 2022 tax year (1 July 2021 to 31 March 2022) - up to a total value of \u00a32 million
    • ", + "

    If your business was legally allowed to open during the national lockdown starting 5 January 2021, your discount for 1 July 2021 to 31 March 2022 will be capped at \u00a3105,000 rather than \u00a32 million.

    ", + "

    You can get the retail discount on top of any other business rates relief you\u2019re eligible for.

    ", + "

    If you opt out of the retail discount for the 2021 to 2022 tax year you cannot change your mind.

    ", + "

    Local newspaper relief

    ", + "

    You could get local newspaper relief if your property is used as office premises for journalists and reporters on a local newspaper.

    ", + "

    The relief is a \u00a31,500 reduction in business rates for eligible properties per year.

    ", + "

    You can only get the relief for one property per newspaper even if more than one property is used as offices for the newspaper.

    ", + "

    If several local newspapers use the same office, they can only get the relief on one newspaper title.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to find out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You cannot get the relief for magazines.

    ", + "

    Nurseries discount

    ", + "

    You could qualify for nurseries discount if both:

    ", + "
  • your business is on Ofsted\u2019s Early Years Register
    • ", + "
  • your premises is wholly or mainly used to provide the Early Years Foundation Stage of education
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, you could get:

    ", + "
  • 100% off your business rates bills for the 2020 to 2021 tax year (1 April 2020 to 31 March 2021)
    • ", + "
  • 100% off your business rates bills for the first 3 months of the 2021 to 2022 tax year (1 April 2021 to 30 June 2021)
    • ", + "
  • 66% off your business rates bills for the rest of the 2021 to 2022 tax year (1 July 2021 to 31 March 2022) - up to a total value of \u00a3105,000
    • ", + "

    You can get the nurseries discount on top of any other business rates relief you\u2019re eligible for.

    ", + "

    If you opt out of the nurseries discount for the 2021 to 2022 tax year you cannot change your mind.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Energy Performance Certificates for your business premises", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/energy-performance-certificate-commercial-property", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    An Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) rates how energy efficient your building is using grades from A to G (with \u2018A\u2019 the most efficient grade).

    ", + "

    When you need an EPC

    ", + "

    You must have an EPC if:

    ", + "
  • you rent out or sell the premises
    • ", + "
  • a building under construction is finished
    • ", + "
  • there are changes to the number of parts used for separate occupation and these changes involve providing or extending fixed heating, air conditioning or mechanical ventilation systems
    • ", + "

    You can be fined between \u00a3500 and \u00a35,000 based on the rateable value of the building if you don\u2019t make an EPC available to any prospective buyer or tenant.

    ", + "

    When you must display one

    ", + "

    You must display an EPC by fixing it to your commercial building if all these apply:

    ", + "
  • the total useful floor area is over 500 square metres
    • ", + "
  • the building is frequently visited by the public
    • ", + "
  • an EPC has already been produced for the building\u2019s sale, rental or construction
    • ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    The cost of an EPC will depend on the building being assessed. All EPCs are valid for 10 years.

    ", + "

    How to get a certificate

    ", + "

    You can only get an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) from a commercial energy assessor.

    ", + "

    The type of assessor you\u2019ll need will depend on the complexity and features of the building. If you need advice on choosing one, speak to a commercial (non-domestic) energy assessor or contact the approved accreditation scheme they belong to.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) if you can demonstrate that the building is any of these:

    ", + "
  • listed or officially protected and the minimum energy performance requirements would unacceptably alter it
    • ", + "
  • a temporary building only going to be used for 2 years or less
    • ", + "
  • used as a place of worship or for other religious activities
    • ", + "
  • an industrial site, workshop or non-residential agricultural building that doesn\u2019t use much energy
    • ", + "
  • a detached building with a total floor space under 50 square metres
    • ", + "
  • due to be demolished by the seller or landlord and they have all the relevant planning and conservation consents
    • ", + "

    Vacant buildings and demolition

    ", + "

    A building is also exempt if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s due to be sold or rented out with vacant possession
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s suitable for demolition and the site could be redeveloped
    • ", + "
  • the buyer or tenant has applied for planning permission to demolish it
    • ", + "

    Appeal a penalty charge

    ", + "

    You can ask for a review if you get a penalty charge notice. The notice will tell you how to do this. If the review fails you\u2019ll get a letter confirming your penalty.

    ", + "

    You can then appeal to the county court (or sheriff court in Scotland) but you must do this within 28 days of receiving your confirmed penalty.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Fire safety in the workplace", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-fire-safety-your-responsibilities", + "contents": [ + "

    Who's responsible

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for fire safety in business or other non-domestic premises if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an employer
    • ", + "
  • the owner
    • ", + "
  • the landlord
    • ", + "
  • an occupier
    • ", + "
  • anyone else with control of the premises, for example a facilities manager, building manager, managing agent or risk assessor
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re known as the \u2018responsible person\u2019. If there\u2019s more than one responsible person, you have to work together to meet your responsibilities.

    ", + "

    The Fire Safety Order also applies if you have paying guests, for example if you run a bed and breakfast, guesthouse or let a self-catering property.

    ", + "

    Fire safety rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Responsibilities

    ", + "

    As the responsible person you must:

    ", + "
  • carry out a fire risk assessment of the premises and review it regularly
    • ", + "
  • tell staff or their representatives about the risks you\u2019ve identified
    • ", + "
  • put in place, and maintain, appropriate fire safety measures
    • ", + "
  • plan for an emergency
    • ", + "
  • provide staff information, fire safety instruction and training
    • ", + "

    You can read about how to make sure your premises are safe from fire.

    ", + "

    Non-domestic premises

    ", + "

    Non-domestic premises are:

    ", + "
  • all workplaces and commercial premises
    • ", + "
  • all premises the public have access to
    • ", + "
  • the common areas of multi-occupied residential buildings
    • ", + "

    Shared premises

    ", + "

    In shared premises it\u2019s likely there\u2019ll be more than one responsible person. You\u2019ll need to co-ordinate your fire safety plans to make sure people on or around the premises are safe.

    ", + "

    For common or shared areas, the responsible person is the landlord, freeholder or managing agent.

    ", + "

    Alterations, extensions and new buildings

    ", + "

    When building new premises or doing building work on existing premises, you must comply with building regulations. This includes designing fire safety into the proposed building or extension.

    ", + "

    Read the fire safety building regulations.

    ", + "

    Penalties and enforcement

    ", + "

    You could be fined or go to prison if you do not follow fire safety regulations.

    ", + "

    Local fire and rescue authorities inspect premises and can issue fire safety notices telling you about changes you need to make.

    ", + "

    Fire risk assessments

    ", + "

    As the responsible person you must carry out and regularly review a fire risk assessment of the premises. This will identify what you need to do to prevent fire and keep people safe.

    ", + "

    You must keep a written record of your fire risk assessment if your business has 5 or more people.

    ", + "

    Carrying out the assessment

    ", + "
  • Identify the fire hazards.
    • ", + "
  • Identify people at risk.
    • ", + "
  • Evaluate, remove or reduce the risks.
    • ", + "
  • Record your findings, prepare an emergency plan and provide training.
    • ", + "
  • Review and update the fire risk assessment regularly.
    • ", + "

    The fire safety risk assessment chart gives more detailed information about these steps.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to consider:

    ", + "
  • emergency routes and exits
    • ", + "
  • fire detection and warning systems
    • ", + "
  • fire fighting equipment
    • ", + "
  • the removal or safe storage of dangerous substances
    • ", + "
  • an emergency fire evacuation plan
    • ", + "
  • the needs of vulnerable people, for example the elderly, young children or those with disabilities
    • ", + "
  • providing information to employees and other people on the premises
    • ", + "
  • staff fire safety training
    • ", + "

    Help with the assessment

    ", + "

    You can do the fire risk assessment yourself with the help of standard fire safety risk assessment guides.

    ", + "

    If you do not have the expertise or time to do the fire risk assessment yourself you need to appoint a \u2018competent person\u2019 to help, for example a professional risk assessor.

    ", + "

    Your local fire and rescue authority might be able to give you advice if you\u2019re not sure your risk assessment\u2019s been carried out properly. However, they cannot carry out risk assessments for you.

    ", + "

    Assessment guides

    ", + "

    You can download the following guides on risk assessments in:

    ", + "
  • offices and shops
    • ", + "
  • factories and warehouses
    • ", + "
  • sleeping accommodation
    • ", + "
  • residential care premises
    • ", + "
  • educational premises
    • ", + "
  • small and medium places of assembly (holding 300 people or less)
    • ", + "
  • large places of assembly (holding more than 300 people)
    • ", + "
  • theatres, cinemas and similar premises
    • ", + "
  • open air events and venues
    • ", + "
  • healthcare premises
    • ", + "
  • animal premises and stables
    • ", + "
  • transport premises and facilities
    • ", + "

    You can also find guidance on:

    ", + "
  • risk assessments if you work in construction
    • ", + "
  • purpose-built blocks of flats and other types of housing if you\u2019re a landlord
    • ", + "

    Fire safety and evacuation plans

    ", + "

    Your plan must show how you have:

    ", + "
  • a clear passageway to all escape routes
    • ", + "
  • clearly marked escape routes that are as short and direct as possible
    • ", + "
  • enough exits and routes for all people to escape
    • ", + "
  • emergency doors that open easily
    • ", + "
  • emergency lighting where needed
    • ", + "
  • training for all employees to know and use the escape routes
    • ", + "
  • a safe meeting point for staff
    • ", + "

    People with mobility needs

    ", + "

    You should also make special arrangements for people with mobility needs, for example make sure there are people to help wheelchair users get downstairs if there\u2019s a fire.

    ", + "

    Fire safety equipment, drills and training

    ", + "

    Fire detection and warning systems

    ", + "

    You must have a fire detection and warning system. You may need different types of detectors, depending on the type of building and the work carried out in it.

    ", + "

    Fire fighting equipment

    ", + "

    The types of equipment you need depend on your business premises. You\u2019ll need to have any equipment properly installed, tested and maintained and train your staff to use them if necessary.

    ", + "

    Maintenance and testing

    ", + "

    You must carry out regular checks to make sure that:

    ", + "
  • all fire alarm systems are working
    • ", + "
  • the emergency lighting is working
    • ", + "
  • you record any faults in systems and equipment
    • ", + "
  • all escape routes are clear and the floor is in good condition
    • ", + "
  • all fire escapes can be opened easily
    • ", + "
  • automatic fire doors close correctly
    • ", + "
  • fire exit signs are in the right place
    • ", + "

    Fire drills and training

    ", + "

    You need to train new staff when they start work and tell all employees about any new fire risks.

    ", + "

    You should carry out at least one fire drill per year and record the results. You must keep the results as part of your fire safety and evacuation plan.

    ", + "

    Enforcement, appeals and penalties

    ", + "

    Your local fire and rescue authority visits premises to check the fire risk assessment and fire prevention measures are appropriate. Fire safety officers should help you understand the rules and comply with them.

    ", + "

    They can also take action if they think your fire safety measures are not adequate. For example, they might issue an informal notice suggesting safety measures.

    ", + "

    They could also give you a formal fire safety notice. They\u2019ll tell you how to fix the problems described in the notice.

    ", + "

    Alterations notice

    ", + "

    You could get an alterations notice if your premises have high safety risks or will have high safety risks if the use of the premises changes.

    ", + "

    Enforcement notice

    ", + "

    You could get an enforcement notice if the fire and rescue authority finds a serious risk that\u2019s not being managed. It will say what improvements are needed by when.

    ", + "

    Prohibition notice

    ", + "

    These take effect immediately if the fire and rescue authority thinks the fire risk is so great that access to your premises needs to be prohibited or restricted.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You may be able to arrange an informal review from your fire and rescue authority if you disagree with the decision to issue a fire safety notice.

    ", + "

    You can appeal to your local magistrates\u2019 court within 21 days of receiving a notice.

    ", + "

    In certain circumstances, you and the fire and rescue authority can ask for a \u2018determination\u2019 from the Home Secretary to resolve a dispute.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    You could be fined or go to prison if you do not follow fire safety regulations.

    ", + "

    Minor penalties can be up to \u00a35,000. Major penalties can have unlimited fines and up to 2 years in prison.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Planning permission", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permission-england-wales", + "contents": [ + "

    When you need it

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll probably need planning permission if you want to:

    ", + "
  • build something new
    • ", + "
  • make a major change to your building, such as building an extension
    • ", + "
  • change the use of your building
    • ", + "

    To find out if your project will need planning permission, contact your local planning authority (LPA) through your local council.

    ", + "

    Find out about the planning system in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Applying for planning permission

    ", + "

    To apply for planning permission, contact your LPA through your local council.

    ", + "

    If your project needs planning permission and you do the work without getting it, you can be served an \u2018enforcement notice\u2019 ordering you to undo all the changes you have made.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to ignore an enforcement notice, but you can appeal against it.

    ", + "

    When you do not need it

    ", + "

    Some building projects do not need planning permission. This is known as \u2018permitted development rights\u2019.

    ", + "

    Building projects that normally have permitted development rights include:

    ", + "
  • industrial premises and warehouses
    • ", + "
  • some outdoor signs and advertisements - though there are special rules around adverts
    • ", + "
  • demolition - but before you begin you must get approval to demolish from your local planning authority (LPA) through your local council
    • ", + "

    There are other projects that might not need planning permission - for example, projects that will have no impact on your neighbours or the environment. If you think this could apply to your project, check with your LPA through your local council.

    ", + "

    Community Rights in England

    ", + "

    If your building project benefits the local community, and the community supports it, you may not have to go through the normal planning permission process. Neighbourhood planning lets your community grant planning permission directly under certain circumstances.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority (LPA) will decide whether to grant planning permission for your project based on its development plan. It will not take into account whether local people want it.

    ", + "

    To decide whether a planning application fits with its development plan, an LPA will look at:

    ", + "
  • the number, size, layout, siting and external appearance of buildings
    • ", + "
  • the infrastructure available, such as roads and water supply
    • ", + "
  • any landscaping needs
    • ", + "
  • what you want to use the development for
    • ", + "
  • how your development would affect the surrounding area - for example, if it would create lots more traffic
    • ", + "

    In most cases, planning applications are decided within 8 weeks. In England, for unusually large or complex applications the time limit is 13 weeks. If the decision takes longer, you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    If your application is refused, try to come to an agreement with the local planning authority (LPA) by adjusting your plans.

    ", + "

    If you cannot reach an agreement, you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Appeals can take several months to be decided.

    ", + "

    What you can appeal against

    ", + "

    You can only appeal against a decision if the LPA:

    ", + "
  • refuses your application
    • ", + "
  • grants permission but with conditions you object to
    • ", + "
  • refuses to change or remove a condition of planning permission that has been granted with conditions
    • ", + "
  • refuses to approve something reserved under an \u2018outline permission\u2019 \u2013 planning permission for a general idea, not of a specific plan
    • ", + "
  • refuses to approve something that you were told to build by your LPA as part of a previous planning permission \u2013 the current development was one of the \u2018conditions\u2019 stated in the previous planning permission
    • ", + "
  • does not make a decision on the application within the deadline and does not get your written consent to change the deadline
    • ", + "
  • serves you with an enforcement notice because it thinks you have broken planning permission and you do not agree
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on the appeals process.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Water and sewerage rates for businesses", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/water-and-sewerage-rates-for-businesses", + "contents": [ + "

    Water

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay for any water your business uses, and for the drainage of water and effluent (liquid waste) from your premises.

    ", + "

    Ofwat regulates the water industry in England and Wales. There are different regulators in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019ll be charged

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged either:

    ", + "
  • for the water you use, plus a set charge (if you\u2019ve got a meter)
    • ", + "
  • a set amount, usually based on the value of your property
    • ", + "

    Your business could be eligible for a large user tariff, meaning your water might be cheaper. This is because it often costs less to supply larger businesses.

    ", + "

    Sewerage and effluent

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged for any \u2018foul sewerage\u2019 (such as wastewater from a toilet or kitchen) and drainage from your property. The amount you pay is usually linked to how much water you use.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay for any effluent (liquid waste) you produce. Effluent is water contaminated with things like:

    ", + "
  • fats, oils and grease
    • ", + "
  • chemicals
    • ", + "
  • food waste
    • ", + "

    The amount your water supplier will charge is usually based on the amount and strength of the effluent before it reaches the sewer.

    ", + "

    Sewerage charges can either appear on your water bill or your effluent bill, depending on your supplier.

    ", + "

    Choosing a supplier

    ", + "

    You may be able to choose your water and sewerage service provider depending on where your business is.

    ", + "

    In England and Wales you can check with Ofwat whether you can choose your own supplier.

    ", + "

    In Scotland choose your supplier from the Water Commission\u2019s list of suppliers.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland you can\u2019t choose your own supplier - water is supplied by Northern Ireland Water.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Food labelling and packaging", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-labelling-and-packaging", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    To sell food and drink products, the label must be:

    ", + "
  • clear and easy to read
    • ", + "
  • permanent
    • ", + "
  • easy to understand
    • ", + "
  • easily visible
    • ", + "
  • not misleading
    • ", + "

    You must show certain basic information and list the ingredients. You might also have to show certain warnings.

    ", + "

    There are special regulations for labelling wine.

    ", + "

    Products sold loose or in catering businesses

    ", + "

    If you run a catering business, you sell food loose or package it for sale in your shop, you only need to show:

    ", + "
  • the name of the food
    • ", + "
  • if any of the ingredients have been irradiated, or have come from genetically modified sources
    • ", + "
  • certain warnings
    • ", + "
  • any food additive you have added
    • ", + "
  • allergen information
    • ", + "

    You must show more information if you sell meat products loose.

    ", + "

    Packaging

    ", + "

    If you package food yourself, you must use packaging that\u2019s suitable for food use. Suitable packaging is marked \u2018for food contact\u2019 or has a symbol on it that looks like a wine glass and a fork.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for using plastics, ceramics or cellophane for packaging. You must have written evidence that you\u2019ve kept to them.

    ", + "

    This is known as a \u2018declaration of compliance\u2019 and you can get it from your packaging supplier. You also have to get one if you buy food that\u2019s already packaged for sale in any of those materials.

    ", + "

    Read the national legislation on food contact materials for England, Northern Ireland, Wales or Scotland.

    ", + "

    Food assurance schemes

    ", + "

    You could also join voluntary food assurance schemes such as Red Tractor or Lion Eggs. These schemes let customers know food has been produced to certain standards, for example on food safety or animal welfare.

    ", + "

    Food labelling - what you must show

    ", + "

    You must show the following information:

    ", + "
  • the name of the food
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018best before\u2019 or \u2018use by\u2019 date
    • ", + "
  • any necessary warnings
    • ", + "
  • net quantity information
    • ", + "
  • a list of ingredients (if there is more than 1)
    • ", + "
  • the country or place of origin, if required
    • ", + "
  • the lot number or use-by date
    • ", + "
  • any special storage conditions
    • ", + "
  • instructions for use or cooking, if necessary
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling food in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland), you must also include the name and address of the UK or EU business responsible for the information on the food. If the business is not in the UK or EU, you must include the name and address of the importer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling food in Northern Ireland, you must include the name and address of the Northern Irish or EU business responsible for the information on the food. If the business is not in Northern Ireland or the EU, you must include the name and address of the importer.

    ", + "

    Check if there are other food labelling standards you must follow.

    ", + "

    Quantity information

    ", + "

    You must put the net quantity in grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres on the label of:

    ", + "
  • packaged food over 5g or 5ml
    • ", + "
  • packaged herbs and spices
    • ", + "

    Solid foods packed in a liquid (or an ice glaze) must show the drained net weight.

    ", + "

    The net quantity must be close enough to the name of the food that you can see all this information at the same time. This also applies to the alcoholic strength for alcoholic drinks.

    ", + "

    You do not have to show the weight or volume on foods sold by number, for example 2 bread rolls, provided that you can clearly see the number of items inside the packaging.

    ", + "

    Read more guidance on quantity labelling.

    ", + "

    Information you may have to show

    ", + "

    You must also show these if they apply to your product:

    ", + "
  • a warning for drinks with an alcohol content above 1.2%
    • ", + "
  • a warning if the product contains GM ingredients, unless their presence is accidental and 0.9% or less
    • ", + "
  • a warning if the product has been irradiated
    • ", + "
  • the words \u2018packaged in a protective atmosphere\u2019 if the food is packaged using a packaging gas
    • ", + "

    Country or place of origin

    ", + "

    You must show the country or place of origin for:

    ", + "
  • beef, veal, lamb, mutton, pork, goat and poultry
    • ", + "
  • fish and shellfish
    • ", + "
  • honey
    • ", + "
  • olive oil
    • ", + "
  • wine
    • ", + "
  • fruit and vegetables
    • ", + "

    You can label certain food from EU countries and Northern Ireland as \u2018origin EU\u2019. Food from and sold in Great Britain can be labelled as \u2018origin EU\u2019 until 30 September 2022. Check the rules for when to label meat, fish and shellfish with their country of origin.

    ", + "

    You must also show the country of origin if customers might be misled without this information, for example if the label for a pizza shows the leaning tower of Pisa but the pizza is made in the UK.

    ", + "

    If the primary ingredient in the food comes from somewhere different from where the product says it was made, the label must show this. For example, a pork pie labelled \u2018British\u2019 that\u2019s produced in the UK with pork from Denmark, must state \u2018with pork from Denmark\u2019 or \u2018made with pork from outside the UK\u2019.

    ", + "

    Special rules for some products

    ", + "

    There are special rules about what you have to show on the label if you supply any of the following:

    ", + "
  • bottled water
    • ", + "
  • bread and flour
    • ", + "
  • cocoa and chocolate products
    • ", + "
  • fats and oils
    • ", + "
  • fish
    • ", + "
  • fruit juices and nectars
    • ", + "
  • honey
    • ", + "
  • jams and preserves
    • ", + "
  • meat and meat products
    • ", + "
  • milk and milk products
    • ", + "
  • soluble coffee
    • ", + "
  • sugar
    • ", + "

    Ingredients list

    ", + "

    If your food or drink product has 2 or more ingredients (including any additives), you must list them all. Ingredients must be listed in order of weight, with the main ingredient first.

    ", + "

    Ingredient quantities

    ", + "

    You also have to show the percentage of an ingredient if it is:

    ", + "
  • highlighted by the labelling or a picture on a package, for example \u2018extra cheese\u2019
    • ", + "
  • mentioned in the name of the product, for example \u2018cheese and onion pasty\u2019
    • ", + "
  • normally connected with the name by the consumer, for example fruit in a summer pudding
    • ", + "

    Allergens

    ", + "

    You must highlight allergens on the label using a different font, style or background colour. You must also list them in the ingredients.

    ", + "

    The allergens you need to highlight and list are:

    ", + "
  • celery
    • ", + "
  • cereals containing gluten - including wheat, rye, barley and oats
    • ", + "
  • crustaceans - including prawns, crab and lobster
    • ", + "
  • eggs
    • ", + "
  • fish
    • ", + "
  • lupin
    • ", + "
  • milk
    • ", + "
  • molluscs - including squid, mussels, cockles, whelks and snails
    • ", + "
  • mustard
    • ", + "
  • nuts
    • ", + "
  • peanuts
    • ", + "
  • sesame seeds
    • ", + "
  • soya beans
    • ", + "
  • sulphur dioxide or sulphites at levels above 10mg per kilogram or per litre
    • ", + "

    Food and drink warnings

    ", + "

    You must show an appropriate warning on the label if your food contains certain ingredients.

    ", + "Ingredient | Wording you must use", + "Allura red (E129) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019", + "Aspartame | \u2018Contains a source of phenylalanine\u2019", + "Caffeine over 150 mg/l | \u2018Not suitable for children, pregnant women and persons sensitive to caffeine\u2019", + "Carmoisine (E122) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019", + "Liquorice | \u2018Contains liquorice\u2019 (you may need extra wording for confectionery or alcohol containing liquorice)", + "Polyols | \u2018Excessive consumption may cause a laxative effect\u2019", + "Ponceau 4R (E124) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019", + "Quinoline yellow (E104) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019", + "Raw milk | \u2018This milk has not been heat-treated and may therefore contain organisms harmful to health\u2019", + "Skimmed milk with non-milk fat | There\u2019s no fixed wording, but you must show a warning that the product is unfit or not to be used for babies.", + "Sulphur dioxide over 10mg/l | \u2018Contains sulphur dioxide (or sulphites/sulfites)\u2019", + "Sunset yellow (E110) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019", + "Sweeteners | \u2018With sweetener(s)\u2019", + "Sweeteners and sugar | \u2018With sugar and sweetener(s)\u2019", + "Tartrazine (E102) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019", + "

    Nutrition, health claims and supplement labelling

    ", + "

    Nutrition labelling

    ", + "

    You must follow nutrition labelling information rules for all pre-packed products unless both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a small business with under 10 employees and a turnover of less than \u00a31.4 million
    • ", + "
  • you supply either direct to consumers or to local retailers - local means within your county, your neighbouring county, or up to 30 miles from your county boundary
    • ", + "

    Nutrition and health claims

    ", + "

    You have to follow certain rules if you want to make a nutrition claim (for example, low fat) or a health claim (for example, calcium helps maintain normal bones).

    ", + "

    You cannot claim or imply that food can treat, prevent or cure any disease or medical condition.

    ", + "

    Food supplements, fortified foods and foods for specific nutritional uses

    ", + "

    You must follow certain rules if you are manufacturing, selling or importing:

    ", + "
  • a food supplement
    • ", + "
  • a food fortified with vitamins and minerals
    • ", + "

    There are also specific rules for \u2018parnuts foods\u2019, for example:

    ", + "
  • formula milk for infants and young children
    • ", + "
  • baby food
    • ", + "
  • meal and total diet replacement for weight control
    • ", + "
  • medical foods
    • ", + "

    You must tell the Department for Health if you want to sell infant formula or medical food in the UK.

    ", + "

    Organic food

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a retailer, you can label products \u2018organic\u2019 as long as:

    ", + "
  • at least 95% of the farm-grown ingredients are organic
    • ", + "
  • you sell direct to customers in your shop
    • ", + "

    Organic certification

    ", + "

    You must be certified by one of the organic control bodies if you produce or prepare organic food and you want to sell or label it as organic.

    ", + "

    You can decide which body to register with based on your location and needs.

    ", + "

    Once registered you\u2019ll have to:

    ", + "
  • follow a strict set of guidelines laid down by national and international law
    • ", + "
  • keep thorough and accurate records of production processes
    • ", + "
  • allow annual and random inspections
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to follow the rules for labelling organic products.

    ", + "

    You can check how food labelling rules are enforced.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Food safety - your responsibilities", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-safety-your-responsibilities", + "contents": [ + "

    Food safety

    ", + "

    If your business deals in food you must:

    ", + "
  • make sure food is safe to eat
    • ", + "
  • make sure you don\u2019t add, remove or treat food in a way that makes it harmful to eat
    • ", + "
  • make sure the food is the same quality that you say it is
    • ", + "
  • make sure you don\u2019t mislead people by the way food is labelled, advertised or marketed
    • ", + "
  • keep records on where you got food from and show this information on demand - known as \u2018traceability\u2019 (PDF, 90KB)
    • ", + "
  • withdraw unsafe food and complete an incident report
    • ", + "
  • tell people why food has been withdrawn or recalled, for example by using a leaflet or poster
    • ", + "
  • display your food hygiene rating (if you sell food direct to the public)
    • ", + "

    Food additives

    ", + "

    If you use an additive in food you must:

    ", + "
  • only use an approved additive
    • ", + "
  • only use it if it is approved for use in that food
    • ", + "

    The food additive must not exceed the maximum permitted level.

    ", + "

    Food hygiene

    ", + "

    Part of complying with food safety is managing food hygiene.

    ", + "

    Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan

    ", + "

    You usually have to write a plan based on the HACCP principles if you run a food business. This keeps your food safe from biological, chemical and physical safety hazards.

    ", + "

    Food contact materials

    ", + "

    Materials and packaging that can be reasonably expected to come into contact with food are called \u2018food contact materials\u2019. These can include:

    ", + "
  • packaging
    • ", + "
  • food processing equipment
    • ", + "
  • cookware
    • ", + "
  • work surfaces
    • ", + "

    To keep food safe for consumption:

    ", + "
  • make sure food contact materials don\u2019t transfer anything to food they touch
    • ", + "
  • make sure food contact materials don\u2019t change the food they touch
    • ", + "
  • when inspected, be able to show where the food contact materials came from
    • ", + "

    Bacteria and food poisoning

    ", + "

    To keep food safe from bacteria, you should follow HACCP. Bacteria that cause serious health problems are:

    ", + "
  • E.coli O157 and campylobacter
    • ", + "
  • salmonella, especially with the storage and handling of eggs
    • ", + "

    Food hygiene training

    ", + "

    Employers are responsible for staff hygiene training. It can be either a formal programme or informal training, such as on the job training or self study.

    ", + "

    Food allergies

    ", + "

    If you are a food retailer or caterer you need to manage food allergies when preparing and selling food.

    ", + "

    Food inspections

    ", + "

    You can be inspected by your local council at any point in the food production and distribution process. All inspectors must follow the Food Law Code of Practice. Usually, you won\u2019t be told an inspection is going to happen.

    ", + "

    How often you\u2019re inspected depends on the risk your business poses to public health. You might not be inspected as often if you\u2019re a member of a recognised assurance scheme. You can search for a registered assurance scheme online.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a food retailer or caterer you will be inspected on a more regular basis to make sure you comply with food safety laws.

    ", + "

    Your premises, food, records and procedures can be inspected. Food samples can be taken as well as photographed.

    ", + "

    Find your local council enforcement officers.

    ", + "

    After the inspection

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a letter confirming any improvements you need to make and by when. Usually, you\u2019re responsible for confirming these\nimprovements have been made.

    ", + "

    For serious food safety problems you may be sent a \u2018notice\u2019. The notice can include banning you from using certain equipment or processes until improvements have been made. Your business will be revisited to make sure you have followed the improvements in the notice. Example notices include a:

    ", + "
  • Hygiene Improvement Notice
    • ", + "
  • Hygiene Emergency Prohibition Notices - banning you from using certain equipment or following certain processes
    • ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    Your letter or notice should tell you how you can appeal a decision by an inspector.

    ", + "

    Report a food safety incident

    ", + "

    You must tell the Food Standards Agency (FSA) if you think any food your business:

    ", + "
  • has sold is unsafe
    • ", + "
  • has is unsafe
    • ", + "

    The FSA will tell you if the food must be withdrawn and customers asked to return it.

    ", + "

    Submit a food safety incident report.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get an EORI number", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/eori", + "contents": [ + "

    Who needs an EORI

    ", + "

    You may need an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) if you move goods:

    ", + "
  • between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or the Isle of Man and any other country (including the EU)
    • ", + "
  • between Great Britain and Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • between Great Britain and the Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • between Northern Ireland and countries outside the EU
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    To get an EORI number, your business usually needs to have premises based in the country you want to import to or export from - this is called \u2018being established\u2019. Your premises will need to be either a:

    ", + "
  • registered office
    • ", + "
  • central headquarters
    • ", + "
  • permanent business establishment - premises where some of your customs-related activities are taking place and your HR and technical resources are permanently located
    • ", + "

    You do not need an EORI number if you\u2019re moving goods for personal use only.

    ", + "

    If your business is not based in the country you\u2019re moving goods to or from

    ", + "

    You should still get an EORI number if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • making a customs declaration - check if you\u2019re eligible to make a customs declaration
    • ", + "
  • making an entry summary declaration
    • ", + "
  • making an exit summary declaration
    • ", + "
  • making a temporary storage declaration
    • ", + "
  • making a customs declaration for temporary admission or re-export declaration where you have a guarantee
    • ", + "
  • acting as a carrier for transporting goods by sea, inland waterway or air
    • ", + "
  • acting as a carrier connected to the customs system and you want to get notifications regarding the lodging or amendment of entry summary declarations
    • ", + "
  • established in a common transit country where the declaration is lodged instead of an entry summary declaration or is used as a pre-departure declaration
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible to apply for an EORI number yourself, you\u2019ll need to appoint someone to deal with customs on your behalf. The person you appoint will need to get the EORI number instead of you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re based in the Channel Islands and you move goods to or from the UK, you do not need an EORI number. You\u2019ll need an EORI number if you use HMRC\u2019s customs systems like Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF).

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll need your EORI number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your EORI number if you:

    ", + "
  • appoint someone to deal with customs for you and are \u2018established\u2019 in the country you\u2019re importing to or exporting from
    • ", + "
  • make customs declarations
    • ", + "
  • use customs systems, such as the CHIEF system\nand the Import Control System Northern Ireland (ICS NI)
    • ", + "
  • apply for a customs decision
    • ", + "

    Check which EORI number you need

    ", + "

    Which type of EORI number you need and where you get it from depends on where you\u2019re moving goods to and from. You may need more than one.

    ", + "

    If you do not have the right EORI number, you may have delays at customs and increased costs, for example your goods may have to be stored until you get an EORI.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re moving goods to or from Great Britain

    ", + "

    If you move goods to or from Great Britain you must get an EORI number that starts with GB. If you already have an EORI number and it does not start with GB, you must apply for a GB EORI number.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re moving goods to or from Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You may also need an EORI number starting with XI if you move goods to or from Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You do not need an EORI number starting with XI if you already have an EORI number from an EU country.

    ", + "

    If your business will be making declarations or getting a customs decision in the EU

    ", + "

    You may need an EU EORI number from an EU country. Contact the customs authority in an EU country to get an EORI number. You do not need an EORI number from an EU country if you already have an EORI number starting with XI.

    ", + "

    If you move goods to or from Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You must have an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) that starts with XI if you:

    ", + "
  • move goods into Northern Ireland from Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • move goods from Northern Ireland to another non-EU country
    • ", + "
  • make a declaration in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • apply for a customs decision in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You only need to declare certain goods you move from Northern Ireland to Great Britain. Check if you need to make an export declaration and will need an EORI number that starts with XI.

    ", + "

    Only people or organisations based in Northern Ireland or the EU can be named as the \u2018declarant\u2019 on import and export declarations made in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You do not need an EORI number if you only move goods on the island of Ireland or between an EU country and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you already have an EU EORI number you do not need to apply for an XI EORI number.

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for an XI EORI number.

    ", + "

    Get help and advice if you move goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Sign up for the Trader Support Service to get advice on EORI numbers and moving goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Find more guidance on moving goods to and from Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Apply for an EORI number

    ", + "

    Apply for an EORI number that starts with GB

    ", + "

    To apply for an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) you need your:

    ", + "
  • Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - find your UTR if you do not know it
    • ", + "
  • business start date and Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code - these are in the Companies House register
    • ", + "
  • Government Gateway user ID and password
    • ", + "
  • VAT number and effective date of registration (if you\u2019re VAT registered) - these are on your VAT registration certificate
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance number - if you\u2019re an individual or a sole trader
    • ", + "

    If you do not already have a Government Gateway user ID, you\u2019ll be able to create one when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply for a GB EORI number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your GB EORI number immediately unless HMRC needs to make any checks on your application. If they do, it can take up to 5 working days.

    ", + "

    Apply for an EORI number that starts with XI

    ", + "

    Before you apply, check you\u2019re eligible for an XI EORI number.

    ", + "

    You must have applied for a GB EORI number before you can get an XI EORI number.

    ", + "

    Once you have your GB EORI number then fill in an enquiry form, making sure you:

    ", + "
  • tick the box to say you will be trading with Northern Ireland or are based in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • tick the box saying your enquiry is a \u201cQuery regarding a current EORI number application\u201d
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your XI EORI within 4 days.

    ", + "

    Get help with an EORI number

    ", + "

    You can check the status of an application you have already made.

    ", + "

    Fill in an enquiry form if you have forgotten your EORI number, your details have changed or you have a question about your application.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax and customs for goods sent from abroad", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/goods-sent-from-abroad", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Anything posted or couriered to you from another country goes through customs to check it is not banned or restricted and you pay the right tax and \u2018duty\u2019 on it.

    ", + "

    This includes anything new or used that you:

    ", + "
  • buy online
    • ", + "
  • buy abroad and send back to the UK
    • ", + "
  • receive as a gift
    • ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    Before receiving your goods, you may have to pay VAT, Customs Duty or Excise Duty if they were sent to:

    ", + "
  • Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) from outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland from countries outside the UK and the European Union (EU)
    • ", + "

    You must also check that the sender:

    ", + "
  • pays Excise Duty on any alcohol or tobacco sent from the EU to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • declares goods correctly if they\u2019re sent from outside the UK (or from outside the EU for Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    Your goods may be seized if you do not follow the rules. You may also be fined or prosecuted.

    ", + "

    Tax and duty

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted by Royal Mail, Parcelforce or the courier company if you need to pay any VAT, duty or delivery charges (\u2018handling fees\u2019) to receive your goods.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll send you a bill stating exactly which fees you need to pay.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll normally hold your parcel for about 3 weeks. If you have not paid the bill by then, your parcel will be returned to the sender.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay anything to the delivery company to receive goods worth less than \u00a3135 unless they\u2019re gifts over \u00a339 or excise goods (for example, alcohol and tobacco).

    ", + "

    VAT

    ", + "

    VAT is charged on all goods (except for gifts worth \u00a339 or less) sent from:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK to Great Britain
    • ", + "
  • outside the UK and the EU to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    VAT is not charged on goods that are gifts worth \u00a339 or less.

    ", + "

    You pay VAT when you buy the goods or to the delivery company before you receive them. If you have to pay VAT to the delivery company, it\u2019s charged on the total package value, including:

    ", + "
  • the value of the goods
    • ", + "
  • postage, packaging and insurance
    • ", + "
  • any duty you owe
    • ", + "

    VAT is charged at the VAT rate that applies to your goods.

    ", + "

    Goods worth \u00a3135 or less in total

    ", + "

    If you bought the goods yourself and they are not excise goods, the seller will have included VAT in the total you paid.

    ", + "

    You will need to pay VAT to the delivery company if the goods are:

    ", + "
  • gifts sent to you by someone else and worth more than \u00a339
    • ", + "
  • excise goods
    • ", + "

    Goods worth more than \u00a3135 in total

    ", + "

    You will have to pay VAT to the delivery company either before the goods are delivered or when you collect them.

    ", + "

    Customs Duty

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged Customs Duty on all goods sent from outside the UK (or the UK and the EU if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland) if they\u2019re either:

    ", + "
  • excise goods
    • ", + "
  • worth more than \u00a3135
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re charged Customs Duty, you\u2019ll need to pay it on both:

    ", + "
  • the price paid for the goods
    • ", + "
  • postage, packaging and insurance
    • ", + "Type and value of goods | Customs Duty", + "Non-excise goods worth \u00a3135 or less | No charge", + "Gifts above \u00a3135 and up to \u00a3630 | 2.5%, but rates are lower for some goods - call the helpline", + "Gifts above \u00a3630 and other goods above \u00a3135 | The rate depends on the type of goods and where they came from - call the helpline", + "

    You pay Customs Duty on excise goods of any value.

    ", + "

    Excise Duty

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re sent alcohol or tobacco from outside the UK, you\u2019ll be charged Excise Duty at current rates.

    ", + "

    If the goods are sent from the EU to Northern Ireland, check that the Excise Duty was included in the price. If it\u2019s not, your goods may be seized.

    ", + "

    It does not matter whether you buy the goods or they\u2019re sent as a gift.

    ", + "

    If you receive large amounts of alcohol or tobacco for your business, use the Trade Tariff to check duty rates.

    ", + "

    Your goods can also be seized if they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • spirits over 35 centilitres without a UK duty stamp
    • ", + "
  • cigarettes or hand-rolling tobacco without UK health warnings or fiscal marks
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re charged too much or return your goods

    ", + "

    Ask for a refund of VAT or Customs Duty if you:

    ", + "
  • return your goods
    • ", + "
  • think you\u2019ve been charged too much
    • ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • form BOR 286 if Royal Mail or Parcelforce delivered the goods
    • ", + "
  • form C285 if a courier or freight company delivered the goods
    • ", + "

    Documents

    ", + "

    Check that goods sent to you from outside the UK (or outside the UK and the EU for goods in Northern Ireland) are declared to customs correctly.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re not declared correctly, your goods may be seized.

    ", + "

    You must either:

    ", + "
  • check that the sender fills in the customs declaration form correctly
    • ", + "
  • fill in the customs declaration yourself - this can delay getting your goods by at least 4 weeks
    • ", + "

    Filling in the customs declaration yourself

    ", + "

    The sender must write \u2018goods to be declared by importer\u2019 on the customs declaration form.

    ", + "

    Before you can collect your goods, you\u2019ll be sent:

    ", + "
  • a full customs declaration form to fill in
    • ", + "
  • a letter explaining how to pay any tax or duty you owe
    • ", + "

    Gifts

    ", + "

    To qualify as gifts, goods must be:

    ", + "
  • described as gifts on the customs declaration
    • ", + "
  • for a birthday, anniversary or other occasion
    • ", + "
  • bought and sent between individuals (not companies)
    • ", + "
  • intended for personal use
    • ", + "

    Sending more than one gift

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re sending more than one gift in the same parcel, you get the Customs Duty and VAT-free allowance for each gift if they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • for different people
    • ", + "
  • listed on the customs declaration with their individual values
    • ", + "
  • wrapped individually
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Take goods temporarily out of the UK", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-goods-out-uk-temporarily", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may need permission to temporarily move or export goods outside the UK, for example if you take sales samples to a trade show.

    ", + "

    Temporarily export goods out of the UK

    ", + "

    Most countries have a limit on the value of goods you can bring in duty free.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking goods to another country temporarily for business reasons and you think you\u2019ll be over the duty free limit, you can usually get an ATA Carnet to avoid paying duty. This includes things like:

    ", + "
  • samples to show at trade fairs or sales meetings
    • ", + "
  • publicity materials
    • ", + "
  • recorded film and audio
    • ", + "
  • equipment you need for work like laptops, cameras or sound equipment
    • ", + "
  • goods for educational, scientific or cultural purposes
    • ", + "
  • personal effects and sports goods
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking a vehicle, get a CPD Carnet instead.

    ", + "

    Licences for controlled goods

    ", + "

    Check if your goods are controlled and you need a licence.

    ", + "

    Temporary licences are available for some types of controlled goods, for example:

    ", + "
  • controlled drugs for personal use
    • ", + "
  • weapons or dual use goods and services
    • ", + "

    Get an ATA Carnet

    ", + "

    You can use an ATA Carnet in around 70 countries.

    ", + "

    Countries have their own rules about what goods you can bring in with an ATA Carnet. Check with the issuer in the country you\u2019re exporting to.

    ", + "

    If you cannot use an ATA Carnet (or do not want to pay the fee), use a Duplicate List to temporarily export your goods instead.

    ", + "

    If you do not get an ATA Carnet or Duplicate List

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to declare your goods and pay duties every time your goods go through customs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to follow the full customs rules and processes for exports and imports.

    ", + "

    You can check the rules on:

    ", + "
  • how to export goods from the UK
    • ", + "
  • how to import goods into the UK
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for an ATA Carnet:

    ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "
  • by post
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re using a freight forwarder, they\u2019ll usually fill this in for you.

    ", + "

    It usually costs \u00a3325.96 and you\u2019ll need to pay a security deposit.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re sending goods to Taiwan, apply for a Taiwan Carnet instead.

    ", + "

    ATA Carnets are usually valid for 1 year. Ask the overseas customs authority if you need to extend it. You\u2019ll need their written approval before you apply for a replacement Carnet.

    ", + "

    Using an ATA Carnet

    ", + "

    Call the helpline when you\u2019re planning your journey.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll check that a customs officer can stamp your Carnet at the port or airport your goods are being shipped from.

    ", + "

    When you return to the UK

    ", + "

    Go through the red channel at customs if you\u2019re bringing the goods back in your baggage.

    ", + "

    Get help with ATA Carnets

    ", + "

    Contact the ATA Carnet Unit if you have a question.

    ", + "

    If you do not use an ATA Carnet

    ", + "

    Use a Duplicate List to temporarily export goods if:

    ", + "
  • the country you\u2019re exporting to does not recognise the ATA Carnet
    • ", + "
  • you do not want to pay for an ATA Carnet
    • ", + "

    As with an ATA Carnet, you do not have to pay customs duty or tax. There\u2019s no fee, but it\u2019s more complicated than exporting something with an ATA Carnet.

    ", + "

    How to export goods using a Duplicate List

    ", + "

    Before you export the goods, prepare a list on company stationery. Include:

    ", + "
  • a description of the goods
    • ", + "
  • how many there are
    • ", + "
  • serial numbers, if the goods have them
    • ", + "
  • value of the goods
    • ", + "

    At customs, you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • 2 copies of the list
    • ", + "
  • a completed form C&E 1246 (PDF, 638 KB)
    • ", + "

    Contact the helpline in advance to make the arrangements.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Find overseas customers and export opportunities", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-customers-export-opportunities", + "contents": [ + "

    Find export opportunities

    ", + "

    Use great.gov.uk to:

    ", + "
  • make sure your business is ready to export
    • ", + "
  • show your products directly to overseas buyers through the \u2018find a buyer\u2019 service
    • ", + "
  • find overseas opportunities for your product or service
    • ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Find customers online

    ", + "

    Get help selling online overseas and take advantage of special deals negotiated by the government.

    ", + "

    And join the e-exporting programme to get:

    ", + "
  • advice on developing a strategy from e-commerce and international trade experts
    • ", + "
  • special rates for some of the world\u2019s most popular online selling platforms
    • ", + "
  • regular updates on e-commerce trends and opportunities to hear from industry experts and network with other online traders
    • ", + "

    Contact e-exporting@trade.gov.uk to join the e-exporting programme.

    ", + "

    Get help from a trade specialist

    ", + "

    The Department for International Trade (DIT) has a network of trade specialists who can also help you find overseas customers by:

    ", + "
  • helping you prepare for a trade show or overseas market visit (sometimes grants are available - check with the event organiser)
    • ", + "
  • arranging introductions to potential overseas buyers, agents and distributors (there\u2019s a charge for this service)
    • ", + "

    To find out more, first see the export guidance on great.gov.uk, then contact a trade adviser in your region.

    ", + "

    If you had an OMIS account

    ", + "

    If you had an Overseas Market Introduction Service (OMIS) account and want to talk about something you commissioned, contact a trade adviser in your region or email omis.orders@digital.trade.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    Defence, security and cyber security

    ", + "

    Contact the Defence and Security Organisation (DSO) for help with:

    ", + "
  • presentations, product demonstrations and hosting delegations (including a bespoke hanger for exhibitions and demonstration centre for cyber security products)
    • ", + "
  • displaying your products on the DSO stand at exhibitions and trade shows
    • ", + "
  • booking military personnel to appear on your stand at an exhibition or trade show
    • ", + "
  • providing after sales training to customers
    • ", + "

    DSO provides media support for product launches or overseas campaigns. Call +44 (0)20 7215 8467.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Business Asset Disposal Relief", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/business-asset-disposal-relief", + "contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay less Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) all or part of your business.

    ", + "

    Business Asset Disposal Relief means you\u2019ll pay tax at 10% on all gains on qualifying assets.

    ", + "

    Business Asset Disposal Relief was known as Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief before 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling all or part of your business

    ", + "

    To qualify for relief, both of the following must apply for at least 2 years up to the date you sell your business:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a sole trader or business partner
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve owned the business for at least 2 years
    • ", + "

    The same conditions apply if you\u2019re closing your business instead. You must also dispose of your business assets within 3 years to qualify for relief.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling shares or securities

    ", + "

    To qualify, both of the following must apply for at least 2 years up to the date you sell your shares:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re an employee or office holder of the company (or one in the same group)
    • ", + "
  • the company\u2019s main activities are in trading (rather than non-trading activities like investment) - or it\u2019s the holding company of a trading group
    • ", + "

    There are also other rules depending on whether or not the shares are from an Enterprise Management Incentive (EMI).

    ", + "

    If the shares are from an EMI

    ", + "

    You must have both:

    ", + "
  • bought the shares after 5 April 2013
    • ", + "
  • been given the option to buy them at least 2 years before selling them
    • ", + "

    If the shares are not from an EMI

    ", + "

    For at least 2 years before you sell your shares, the business must be a \u2018personal company\u2019. This means that you have at least 5% of both the:

    ", + "
  • shares
    • ", + "
  • voting rights
    • ", + "

    You must also be entitled to at least 5% of either:

    ", + "
  • profits that are available for distribution and assets on winding up the company
    • ", + "
  • disposal proceeds if the company is sold
    • ", + "

    If the number of shares you hold falls below 5% because the company has issued more shares, you may still be able to claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.

    ", + "

    You need to choose or \u2018elect\u2019 to be treated as if you had sold and re-bought your shares immediately before the new shares were issued. This will create a gain on which you can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.

    ", + "

    You can also choose or \u2018elect\u2019 to postpone paying tax on that gain until you come to sell your shares.

    ", + "

    You can do this by:

    ", + "
  • completing the additional information section of the Capital Gains summary form of your tax return
    • ", + "
  • writing to HMRC if you do not have to complete a tax return for the year
    • ", + "

    If the company stops being a trading company

    ", + "

    If the company stops being a trading company, you can still qualify for relief if you sell your shares within 3 years.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling assets you lent to the business

    ", + "

    To qualify, both of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve sold at least 5% of your part of a business partnership or your shares in a personal company
    • ", + "
  • you owned the assets but let your business partnership or personal company use them for at least one year up to the date you sold your business or shares - or the date the business closed
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a trustee

    ", + "

    You may also qualify if you\u2019re a trustee selling assets held in the trust.

    ", + "

    Work out your tax

    ", + "

    How you work out your tax depends on whether all your gains are eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.

    ", + "

    If all your gains qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief

    ", + "
  • Work out the gain for all qualifying assets.
    • ", + "
  • Add together the gains (and deduct qualifying losses) to work out the total taxable gain that\u2019s eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct your tax-free allowance.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll pay 10% tax on what\u2019s left.
    • ", + "

    If you have other gains

    ", + "

    How much tax you pay on your other gains depends on what Income Tax rate you pay.

    ", + "

    Higher rate Income Tax payers

    ", + "

    For gains that do not qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief you\u2019ll pay:

    ", + "
  • 28% on gains from residential property
    • ", + "
  • 20% on gains made from other chargeable assets
    • ", + "

    You can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).

    ", + "

    Basic rate Income Tax payers

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer, you need to work out the tax rate you\u2019ll pay on gains that are not eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.

    ", + "
  • Work out how much taxable income you have - deduct your Personal Allowance and any other Income Tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct this amount from the basic rate tax band for the year you made the gains (\u00a337,500 for the 2020 to 2021 tax year). This gives you the amount of basic rate band you can use against your gains.
    • ", + "
  • Work out your total taxable gain.
    • ", + "
  • Use your basic rate band first against any gains eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief. You\u2019ll pay 10% tax on these.
    • ", + "
  • Use any remaining basic rate band against your other gains. You\u2019ll pay 18% on gains made on residential property and 10% on gains from all other chargeable assets.
    • ", + "
  • For gains above the basic rate band you\u2019ll pay 28% on gains made on residential property and 20% on gains from all other chargeable assets.
    • ", + "
  • You can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).
    • ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help if you need advice.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief either:

    ", + "
  • through your Self Assessment tax return
    • ", + "
  • by filling in Section A of the Business Asset Disposal Relief helpsheet
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no limit to how many times you can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.

    ", + "

    You can claim a total of \u00a31 million in Business Asset Disposal Relief over your lifetime.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim more if you sold your assets before 11 March 2020. Contact HMRC to find out.

    ", + "

    Deadline

    ", + "Tax year when you sold or closed your business | Deadline to claim Business Asset Disposal Relief", + "2020 to 2021 | 31 January 2023", + "2019 to 2020 | 31 January 2022", + "2018 to 2019 | 31 January 2021" + ] + }, + { + "title": "Dealing with your limited company's debts", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/protecting-company-from-compulsory-liquidation", + "contents": [ + "

    If your company cannot pay its debts

    ", + "

    Your limited company can be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if it cannot pay its debts.

    ", + "

    The people or organisations your company owes money to (your \u2018creditors\u2019) can apply to the court to get their debts paid.

    ", + "

    They can do this by either:

    ", + "
  • getting a court judgment
    • ", + "
  • making an official request for payment - this is called a statutory demand
    • ", + "

    Get professional advice from a solicitor or insolvency practitioner if your company is in debt.

    ", + "

    Responding to a court judgment

    ", + "

    You have 14 days to respond to a court judgment.

    ", + "

    To respond, you must do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • pay the debt
    • ", + "
  • reach an agreement with the creditor to pay the debt in the future, for example by using a Company Voluntary Arrangement
    • ", + "
  • put your company into administration
    • ", + "
  • apply to liquidate (\u2018wind up\u2019) your company yourself
    • ", + "
  • challenge the court judgment
    • ", + "

    If you do not respond to the court judgment within 14 days, your creditors can apply to have your assets seized by a bailiff or sheriff.

    ", + "

    Your creditors can apply to wind up your company if your assets are not worth enough to pay your debts.

    ", + "

    Responding to a statutory demand

    ", + "

    You have 21 days to respond to a statutory demand.

    ", + "

    To respond, you must do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • pay the debt
    • ", + "
  • reach an agreement with the creditor to pay the debt in the future, for example by using a Company Voluntary Arrangement
    • ", + "
  • put your company into administration
    • ", + "
  • apply to liquidate (\u2018wind up\u2019) your company yourself
    • ", + "

    Your creditors can apply to wind up your company if you do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.

    ", + "

    Stop your creditors from applying to wind up your company

    ", + "

    You can apply to the court to stop (\u2018restrain\u2019) your creditors from applying to wind up your company. You must do this within 21 days of getting the statutory demand.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in application form IAA.

    ", + "

    Which court you apply to depends on how much money shareholders have paid into your company by buying shares (\u2018paid up share capital\u2019).

    ", + "

    Check the Companies House register to find out your company\u2019s paid up share capital.

    ", + "

    Your paid up share capital is less than \u00a3120,000

    ", + "

    Use the court finder to find a court dealing with insolvency. You must use the court nearest your company\u2019s registered office.

    ", + "

    Your paid up share capital is more than \u00a3120,000

    ", + "

    You must apply to the High Court.

    ", + "

    Getting a winding-up order

    ", + "

    Your creditors can apply to the court to close down your company. They do this by making an application called a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can apply to stop your creditors from making a winding-up petition if you were given a statutory demand.

    ", + "

    They can withdraw the petition if your company pays the debt or makes an arrangement to pay it.

    ", + "

    Attending the hearing

    ", + "

    If the petition is accepted, the court will arrange a date for a hearing.

    ", + "

    You must attend the hearing. Your creditors will announce when and where the hearing will take place in The Gazette.

    ", + "

    Your company can be put into the control of someone else until the hearing happens. This is known as \u2018provisional liquidation\u2019.

    ", + "

    If the court decides you cannot pay your debts

    ", + "

    The court will issue a winding-up order.

    ", + "

    An officer of the court (\u2018official receiver\u2019) will be put in charge of winding-up your company. You must co-operate with the official receiver.

    ", + "

    When you get a winding-up order:

    ", + "
  • your company\u2019s bank account will usually be frozen
    • ", + "
  • its assets or property will be sold by the official receiver
    • ", + "

    If any part of your company is bought with the intention of discontinuing the business (not running it as a \u2018going concern\u2019) then your employees will lose their jobs.

    ", + "

    You can be banned from being a director for up to 15 years if you do not carry out your duties properly.

    ", + "

    Cancel a winding-up order

    ", + "

    You can apply to cancel a winding-up order if you do not think you need to pay your creditors. You must do this within 5 working days of getting the order.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Selling your business: your responsibilities", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/selling-your-business-your-responsibilities", + "contents": [ + "

    Self-employed sole trader

    ", + "

    When you sell your business, you have legal responsibilities to staff you employ. You must also finalise your business\u2019 tax affairs.

    ", + "

    Staff

    ", + "

    If you have anyone working for you, you must tell them:

    ", + "
  • when and why you\u2019re selling the business
    • ", + "
  • about redundancy terms or relocation packages, if necessary
    • ", + "

    Make sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.

    ", + "

    Telling HMRC

    ", + "

    You can use the online form to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve sold your business. It covers both Self Assessment and National Insurance.

    ", + "

    You can also call HMRC\u2019s National Insurance helpline to cancel your Class 2 National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    VAT registration

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered for VAT, you may be able to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.

    ", + "

    Tax returns

    ", + "

    You must send a Self Assessment tax return by the deadline. You\u2019ll need to put the date you stopped trading on the return.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You may have made a capital gain when selling your business (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from the business that you keep).

    ", + "

    If this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.

    ", + "

    Business partnership

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities when selling a partnership depend on whether you\u2019re selling:

    ", + "
  • your share of the partnership
    • ", + "
  • the entire partnership
    • ", + "

    Check your business\u2019 partnership agreement - it may have restrictions and conditions on the sale.

    ", + "

    Staff

    ", + "

    If you have anyone working for you, you must tell them about the sale, including:

    ", + "
  • when and why you\u2019re selling the partnership
    • ", + "
  • details about the redundancy terms or relocation packages you will offer, if required
    • ", + "

    Make sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re stopping self-employment

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re stopping self-employment when you sell the partnership, call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to cancel your Class 2 National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    VAT registration

    ", + "

    If the partnership is registered for VAT, you may be able to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.

    ", + "

    Tax returns

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling your share in the partnership

    ", + "

    You must fill out a personal Self Assessment tax return by the deadline.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling the whole partnership

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • make sure the \u2018nominated partner\u2019 sends a Partnership Tax Return by the deadline
    • ", + "
  • send your personal Self Assessment tax return by the deadline
    • ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You may have made a \u2018capital gain\u2019 when selling the partnership (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from the partnership that you keep).

    ", + "

    If this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.

    ", + "

    Limited company

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities will be different, depending on whether:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re selling the entire shareholding in your limited company
    • ", + "
  • the company is selling part of its business
    • ", + "

    Selling the entire shareholding

    ", + "

    Appoint new directors or company secretaries

    ", + "

    You should appoint new directors before you resign as a director yourself.

    ", + "

    Tell Companies House to make these changes.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You may have made a \u2018capital gain\u2019 when selling the company (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from it that you keep).

    ", + "

    If this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.

    ", + "

    Charges against your company

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve secured finance for the company against your personal property (for example a mortgage on your house to secure a business loan), you must let the provider know within 21 days of the sale.

    ", + "

    VAT registration

    ", + "

    If the company is registered for VAT, you may want to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.

    ", + "

    If your company sells part of the business

    ", + "

    If any employees are affected by the sale (for example the company\u2019s selling its production business and factory staff will be affected), you must tell them about the changes, including:

    ", + "
  • when and why part of the company is being sold
    • ", + "
  • details about the redundancy terms or relocation packages, if necessary
    • ", + "

    Make sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Avoid unfair terms in sales contracts", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unfair-terms-in-sales-contracts", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your standard sales contracts must be \u2018fair\u2019 or you won\u2019t be able to enforce them.

    ", + "

    There are different rules on what\u2019s fair for:

    ", + "
  • consumer contracts
    • ", + "
  • business contracts
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re legally responsible for certain situations, eg when goods you sell are faulty. You must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible.

    ", + "

    You have more responsibilities towards consumers than towards other businesses.

    ", + "

    Customers\u2019 rights

    ", + "

    Your customers also have implied rights when buying your goods or services, unless the contract legally states otherwise.

    ", + "

    Unfair consumer contracts

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t enforce unfair terms in a consumer contract, or unfair consumer notices (eg signs on a shop wall or in a car park).

    ", + "

    You can never enforce terms or notices that try to avoid your responsibility for:

    ", + "
  • death
    • ", + "
  • injury
    • ", + "
  • faulty goods
    • ", + "
  • goods that aren\u2019t as described
    • ", + "
  • selling goods that aren\u2019t yours to sell
    • ", + "

    You might not be able to enforce terms or notices if they try to avoid your responsibility in other ways, eg:

    ", + "
  • delays
    • ", + "
  • unsatisfactory services
    • ", + "
  • not doing what was agreed
    • ", + "

    Your contract terms might also be unfair if they weigh the contract significantly in your favour, eg:

    ", + "
  • by providing for excessive cancellation charges and automatic loss of all upfront payments
    • ", + "
  • by creating unbalanced rights, eg being able to cancel a contract at any time, but requiring the customer to give 3 months\u2019 notice
    • ", + "
  • by allowing you to increase the agreed price at a later date
    • ", + "

    Your contract won\u2019t be unfair just because it sets a price that\u2019s higher than another business charges.

    ", + "

    Contracts must be written in plain language to avoid being misleading and unfair.

    ", + "

    If a customer complains

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to the courts to decide if a term in your contract or wording in your notices is unfair.

    ", + "

    You can be taken to court by the Competition and Markets Authority or a local trading standards office to stop you using unfair terms or notices.

    ", + "

    Consumers can also take legal action themselves to challenge unfair terms or notices.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on unfair terms.

    ", + "

    Unfair business contracts

    ", + "

    Your standard contract would be unfair if you try to not take responsibility for:

    ", + "
  • death or injury - under any circumstances
    • ", + "
  • losses caused by negligence - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019
    • ", + "
  • defective or poor quality goods - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019
    • ", + "

    You must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible for these things.

    ", + "

    What is reasonable

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to the courts to decide what is reasonable.

    ", + "

    Courts will take into account:

    ", + "
  • the information available to both parties when the contract was drawn up
    • ", + "
  • if the contract was negotiated or in standard form
    • ", + "
  • if the buyer had the bargaining power to negotiate better terms
    • ", + "

    Implied and statutory rights

    ", + "

    Your customers have implied rights when buying your goods or services.

    ", + "

    Some implied rights are also known as \u2018statutory rights\u2019.

    ", + "

    Products

    ", + "

    Implied rights mean a product must be:

    ", + "
  • as described
    • ", + "
  • of satisfactory quality, eg safe, in working order, free of defects
    • ", + "
  • fit for purpose - capable of doing what the customer has asked for
    • ", + "

    Contracts for hiring, hire purchase and part exchange also have these implied rights.

    ", + "

    Consumers always have these implied rights when buying goods - the contract can\u2019t legally state otherwise.

    ", + "

    Services

    ", + "

    Implied rights mean services must be carried out:

    ", + "
  • with reasonable care and skill
    • ", + "
  • within a reasonable time (if no specific time has been agreed)
    • ", + "
  • for a reasonable charge (if no exact price has been agreed)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re unlikely to be able to enforce terms in a consumer contract for services if they try to deny a customer\u2019s implied rights.

    ", + "

    Business contracts

    ", + "

    Your business customers have implied rights unless the contract legally states otherwise in a way a court would decide is reasonable.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Charge fees as an entertainment and modelling agency", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/entertainment-and-modelling-agencies", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can charge fees as an entertainment and modelling agency for finding someone work.

    ", + "

    The fees you charge depend on if the person is:

    ", + "
  • a performer or worker
    • ", + "
  • a model
    • ", + "

    Workers, performers and models need to agree to your terms and conditions before you can charge fees.

    ", + "

    Terms and conditions

    ", + "

    Terms and conditions of your service and your fees must be agreed in writing (for example, in a contract) with the worker, performer or model.

    ", + "

    These must include details of:

    ", + "
  • the work-finding services that you\u2019ll provide them
    • ", + "
  • any authority you have to act on behalf of them
    • ", + "
  • any authorisations to receive any money on behalf of them
    • ", + "
  • any fees or commissions you\u2019ll charge for finding work
    • ", + "
  • how your fee or commission will be paid
    • ", + "
  • how any commissions or fees will be refunded
    • ", + "
  • the length of time the worker, performer or model needs to give to end the contract
    • ", + "
  • the length of time you need to give to end a worker, performer or models\u2019s contract
    • ", + "

    Fees for performers and workers

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t charge fees or deduct money from an entertainment worker or performer\u2019s earnings until they agree to your terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    Promotional fees for performers and entertainment workers (not models)

    ", + "

    You can only charge upfront fees for listing the worker or performer\u2019s details in promotional publications or on websites to help them find work.

    ", + "

    Promotional publication includes listing information in publications or on websites and photographs or audio or video recordings.

    ", + "

    You must give the worker or performer a chance to see any copies.

    ", + "

    Other fees or commission for finding work normally come out of the worker or performer\u2019s earnings from the employment that you found.

    ", + "

    Fees for promoting performers

    ", + "

    You can only charge fees 30 days after the start of the contract (if there is a fee for promoting a performer).

    ", + "

    In that 30-day period the performer can cancel or withdraw from the contract without penalty and won\u2019t have to make any payment.

    ", + "

    You need to show the performer any promotional photographs, audio or video before its published. They then have 7 days to object to anything being used.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t charge the performer until the 7 days is over or you\u2019ve dealt with any reasonable requirement from the performer, whichever is later.

    ", + "

    You can charge fees for the following performers:

    ", + "
  • actors
    • ", + "
  • background artists
    • ", + "
  • dancers
    • ", + "
  • extras
    • ", + "
  • musicians
    • ", + "
  • singers
    • ", + "
  • other performers
    • ", + "

    Fees for entertainment workers (except models)

    ", + "

    If there is a fee for promoting a worker, you can only charge this 7 days after the start of the contract.

    ", + "

    In that 7-day period:

    ", + "
  • the worker can cancel or withdraw from the contract without penalty
    • ", + "
  • the worker doesn\u2019t have to make any payment under the contract
    • ", + "
  • the worker can say what information shouldn\u2019t be included in the publication
    • ", + "

    This covers the following types of workers:

    ", + "
  • composer
    • ", + "
  • writer
    • ", + "
  • artist
    • ", + "
  • director or producer
    • ", + "
  • production manager
    • ", + "
  • lighting cameraman, camera operator
    • ", + "
  • make up artist, clothes, hair or make up stylist
    • ", + "
  • film editor
    • ", + "
  • action arranger or co-ordinator, stunt arranger
    • ", + "
  • costume or production designer
    • ", + "
  • recording engineer
    • ", + "
  • property master
    • ", + "
  • film continuity person
    • ", + "
  • sound mixer
    • ", + "
  • photographer
    • ", + "
  • stage manager
    • ", + "
  • choreographer or theatre designer
    • ", + "

    Refunds for promotional services

    ", + "

    Work-seekers have the right to a refund if the promotional information isn\u2019t made available to potential hirers within 60 days of a fee being paid.

    ", + "

    Fees for fashion and photographic models

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t charge fees or deduct money from a model\u2019s earnings until they agree to your terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t charge any upfront fees for finding work for photographic and fashion models. This includes putting information about the models in a publication or website.

    ", + "

    However, after you\u2019ve found work for a model you can charge fees for:

    ", + "
  • including information about them in a publication or website
    • ", + "
  • providing a service to find the model work (these fees must have been agreed with the model before you started looking for work for them)
    • ", + "

    Fees for other services

    ", + "

    You can charge fees for other services such as producing a photo or show reel. You have to put the terms and conditions for these in a separate document. You need to give this to the performer, model or entertainment worker before providing these services.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t make using other services you provide a condition of you finding work for someone.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t charge fees until 30 days after the start of the contract for these services.\u00a0The performer, model or entertainment worker can cancel within these 30 days and won\u2019t have to pay you anything.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Data protection and your business", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/data-protection-your-business", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must follow rules on data protection if your business stores or uses personal information.

    ", + "

    This applies to information kept on staff, customers and account holders, for example when you:

    ", + "
  • recruit staff
    • ", + "
  • manage staff records
    • ", + "
  • market your products or services
    • ", + "
  • use CCTV
    • ", + "

    This could include:

    ", + "
  • keeping customers\u2019 addresses on file
    • ", + "
  • recording staff working hours
    • ", + "
  • giving delivery information to a delivery company
    • ", + "

    For information on direct marketing, see marketing and advertising: the law.

    ", + "

    Data protection rules

    ", + "

    You must make sure the information is kept secure, accurate and up to date.

    ", + "

    When you collect someone\u2019s personal data you must tell them who you are and how you\u2019ll use their information, including if it\u2019s being shared with other organisations.

    ", + "

    You must also tell them that they have the right to:

    ", + "
  • see any information you hold about them and correct it if it\u2019s wrong
    • ", + "
  • request their data is deleted
    • ", + "
  • request their data is not used for certain purposes
    • ", + "

    The main data protection rules are set out in the data protection principles.

    ", + "

    What you have to do

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • tell the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO) how your business uses personal information
    • ", + "
  • respond to a data protection request, if someone asks to see what information you have about them
    • ", + "

    You could be given a heavy fine or made to pay compensation if you misuse personal data.

    ", + "

    Recruitment and managing staff records

    ", + "

    You must keep any data you collect on staff secure - lock paper records in filing cabinets or set passwords for computer records, for example.

    ", + "

    Only keep the information for as long as you have a clear business need for it, and dispose of it securely afterwards - by shredding, for example.

    ", + "

    Recruiting staff

    ", + "

    You must give the name of your business and contact details (or those of the agency) on job adverts.

    ", + "

    Only collect the personal information you need on application forms, and do not ask for irrelevant information, like banking details.

    ", + "

    Only keep the information for recruitment - do not use it for a marketing mailing list, for example.

    ", + "

    Keeping staff records

    ", + "

    Make sure only appropriate staff, with the right training, can see staff records, and store sensitive information (such as health or criminal records) separately.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to provide a reference, check the worker or ex-staff member is happy for you to do so.

    ", + "

    Letting staff see their records

    ", + "

    Your staff have the right to ask for a copy of the information you hold about them.

    ", + "

    This includes information about grievance and disciplinary issues.

    ", + "

    You must respond to their request within 30 days.

    ", + "

    You may be able to withhold some information when responding to a request if the information concerns someone else - you need to protect someone who\u2019s accused them of harassment, for example.

    ", + "

    Staff can complain if they think their information is being misused, and you could be ordered to pay a fine or compensation.

    ", + "

    Monitoring staff at work

    ", + "

    You must be able to justify monitoring staff at work, which could include:

    ", + "
  • using CCTV
    • ", + "
  • keeping records of phone calls
    • ", + "
  • logging their email or internet use
    • ", + "
  • searching staff or their work areas
    • ", + "

    Employees have rights at work and if you do not treat them fairly they could:

    ", + "
  • take you to an employment tribunal
    • ", + "
  • complain to the Information Commissioner
    • ", + "

    You must make them aware that they\u2019re being monitored, and why - for example by sending them an email.

    ", + "

    Also explain your policies on things like using work computers or phones for personal use.

    ", + "

    Monitoring staff without their knowledge

    ", + "

    You can monitor staff without their knowledge if:

    ", + "
  • you suspect they\u2019re breaking the law
    • ", + "
  • letting them know about it would make it hard to detect the crime
    • ", + "

    Only do this as part of a specific investigation, and stop when the investigation is over.

    ", + "

    Using CCTV

    ", + "

    If your business uses CCTV, you must register your details with the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO) and pay a data protection fee, unless you are exempt.

    ", + "

    Check if you need to pay the data protection fee.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • tell people they may be recorded, usually by displaying signs, which must be clearly visible and readable
    • ", + "
  • control who can see the recordings
    • ", + "
  • make sure the system is only used for the purpose it was intended for - for example, if it was set up to detect crime, you must not use it to monitor how much work your staff do
    • ", + "

    The ICO has guidance with more details about CCTV.

    ", + "

    How to pay the fee

    ", + "

    You can register and pay the fee online.

    ", + "

    Letting people see CCTV recordings

    ", + "

    Anyone can ask to see images that you\u2019ve recorded of them. Usually, you must usually provide the footage free of charge within 1 calendar month.

    ", + "

    Find out more about CCTV and data protection rules.

    ", + "

    Data protection rules do not apply if you install a camera on your own home for household purposes - for example, to protect it from burglary. Find out more about using CCTV in the home.

    ", + "

    Get advice on data protection

    ", + "

    For more information and advice:

    ", + "
  • read the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO) guidance for organisations
    • ", + "
  • chat online with an advisor
    • ", + "
  • contact the ICO
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Invoicing and taking payment from customers", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/invoicing-and-taking-payment-from-customers", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you sell a customer a product or a service, you need to give them an invoice (bill) by law if both you and the customer are registered for VAT (a business to business transaction). An invoice is not the same as a receipt, which is an acknowledgement of payment.

    ", + "

    The invoice must include certain information such as:

    ", + "
  • how much the customer needs to pay you
    • ", + "
  • when the customer must pay you
    • ", + "

    You and the customer also have certain obligations on payment.

    ", + "

    Invoices - what they must include

    ", + "

    Your invoice must include:

    ", + "
  • a unique identification number
    • ", + "
  • your company name, address and contact information
    • ", + "
  • the company name and address of the customer you\u2019re invoicing
    • ", + "
  • a clear description of what you\u2019re charging for
    • ", + "
  • the date the goods or service were provided (supply date)
    • ", + "
  • the date of the invoice
    • ", + "
  • the amount(s) being charged
    • ", + "
  • VAT amount if applicable
    • ", + "
  • the total amount owed
    • ", + "

    Sole trader invoices

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader, the invoice must also include:

    ", + "
  • your name and any business name being used
    • ", + "
  • an address where any legal documents can be delivered to you if you are using a business name
    • ", + "

    Limited company invoices

    ", + "

    If your company is a limited company, you must include the full company name as it appears on the certificate of incorporation.

    ", + "

    If you decide to put names of your directors on your invoices, you must include the names of all directors.

    ", + "

    VAT invoices

    ", + "

    You must use VAT invoices if you and your customer are VAT registered.

    ", + "

    These include more information than non-VAT invoices.

    ", + "

    Payment - obligations

    ", + "

    Your right to be paid

    ", + "

    You can set your own payment terms, such as discounts for early payment and payment upfront.

    ", + "

    Unless you agree a payment date, the customer must pay you within 30 days of getting your invoice or the goods or service.

    ", + "

    You can use a statutory demand to formally request payment of what you\u2019re owed.

    ", + "

    Charging interest for late payment

    ", + "

    You have the right to charge interest for late payment, but you can choose not to.

    ", + "

    Liability for disputed card payments

    ", + "

    If a customer asks their credit or debit card issuer to reverse a transaction, they can reclaim the value of the transaction from you. This is known as a \u2018chargeback\u2019.

    ", + "

    Chargebacks can be made when:

    ", + "
  • the purchased item never arrived
    • ", + "
  • the item wasn\u2019t as described
    • ", + "
  • a customer\u2019s card was used without their permission to purchase the item fraudulently.
    • ", + "

    You can be charged up to 120 days after the transaction has been debited or from when the goods or services were due to be received.

    ", + "

    Minimising chargebacks

    ", + "

    If a customer uses their PIN, you\u2019ll only be liable for a chargeback if the goods are faulty or aren\u2019t as described.

    ", + "

    Where you can\u2019t accept a PIN, a clear signature will help but there is no guarantee against a chargeback.

    ", + "

    For card-not-present transactions, such as online sales, the risks of chargeback will be higher.

    ", + "

    Regulation

    ", + "

    If you want to set up a business that takes a sum of money from a customer every time they use a service, for example, online trading, you may need to be authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority.

    ", + "

    If customers pay you in large amounts of cash, your business may need to be \nregistered for an anti-money laundering scheme.

    ", + "

    Protecting customer data

    ", + "

    You must follow the rules on storing customer data to protect their financial information.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Marketing and advertising: the law", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marketing-advertising-law", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    All marketing and advertising must be:

    ", + "
  • an accurate description of the product or service
    • ", + "
  • legal
    • ", + "
  • decent
    • ", + "
  • truthful
    • ", + "
  • honest
    • ", + "
  • socially responsible (not encouraging illegal, unsafe or anti-social behaviour)
    • ", + "

    There are regulations that restrict what advertisers can and cannot do.

    ", + "

    As well as the regulations, there are 2 advertising codes of practice that you need to follow to help you advertise legally.

    ", + "

    You must describe your product or service accurately.

    ", + "

    Requirements for specific products

    ", + "

    There are also specific requirements that apply to certain sectors, such as:

    ", + "
  • food
    • ", + "
  • alcohol
    • ", + "
  • beauty products
    • ", + "
  • environmentally friendly products
    • ", + "
  • medicines
    • ", + "
  • tobacco
    • ", + "

    For example, you can only claim your drink is \u2018low in alcohol\u2019 if it contains between 0.5% and 1.2% alcohol by volume.

    ", + "

    Data protection

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re gathering, storing or using information about customers or potential customers, you must also protect their data.

    ", + "

    Regulations that affect advertising

    ", + "

    Advertising to consumers

    ", + "

    The Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations mean you cannot mislead or harass consumers by, for example:

    ", + "
  • including false or deceptive messages
    • ", + "
  • leaving out important information
    • ", + "
  • using aggressive sales techniques
    • ", + "

    Read \u2018The consumer protection from unfair trading regulations\u2019 for the rules on advertising legally.

    ", + "

    Advertising to businesses

    ", + "

    Advertising to businesses is covered by the Business Protection from Misleading Marketing Regulations. As well as being accurate and honest, you must not make misleading comparisons with competitors, that includes:

    ", + "
  • using a competitor\u2019s logo or trademark, or something very similar
    • ", + "
  • comparing your product with a competitor\u2019s product that\u2019s not the same
    • ", + "

    Download \u2018The Business Protection from Misleading Marketing Regulations 2008\u2019 for more detail about the regulations that cover advertising to businesses.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    If you break the regulations, you could be reported to a local Trading Standards office. You could be fined, prosecuted or imprisoned.

    ", + "

    Advertising codes of practice

    ", + "

    There are 2 advertising codes of practice that describe how businesses should advertise.

    ", + "

    They cover all kinds of promotional communications, depending where the advert or promotion will appear.

    ", + "

    Non-broadcast media

    ", + "

    The CAP non-broadcast code has rules that cover non-broadcast advertising (for example print, online), sales promotion and direct marketing (such as telesales and email).

    ", + "

    The code specifies standards for accuracy and honesty that businesses must stick to, including specific conditions, such as:

    ", + "
  • advertising to children
    • ", + "
  • causing offence
    • ", + "
  • political advertising
    • ", + "

    Broadcast media (for example TV, radio)

    ", + "

    You must follow the CAP broadcast code, which covers issues including taste, decency and product placement.

    ", + "

    As well as setting standards about accuracy and honesty businesses must stick to, they also have rules about things like scheduling.

    ", + "

    General broadcasting rules

    ", + "

    You also need to follow rules about taste, decency, product placement etc that apply to all broadcasting.

    ", + "

    These are called \u2018broadcast codes\u2019. Find out more about them on the Ofcom website.

    ", + "

    Enforcing the rules

    ", + "

    The rules are enforced by the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA).

    ", + "

    Anyone who thinks advertising rules have been broken can complain to the ASA within 3 months of the advert appearing.

    ", + "

    If an advert breaks the rules, it may be withdrawn. If the product does not match the description or the advert breaks the law, you could be prosecuted.

    ", + "

    Describing your product

    ", + "

    You must describe your product accurately. This means if you make a claim about your product, you must be able to prove what you say.

    ", + "

    Prices

    ", + "

    Your adverts must describe the actual cost accurately, including any ongoing or associated costs (like subscription fees) and taxes (such as VAT).

    ", + "

    Direct marketing

    ", + "

    You must check if customers want to be contacted by fax, phone, post or email, and give them the chance to object. You must be able to prove you\u2019ve done this.

    ", + "

    When you collect customer details, you must get their permission if you want to send them other offers or promotions.

    ", + "

    You must also ask for their permission if you want to share their information with another organisation.

    ", + "

    Letting customers opt out

    ", + "

    Customers have the right to stop their information being used for direct marketing.

    ", + "

    You must make it easy to opt out - for example by sending a \u2018STOP\u2019 text to a short number, or using an \u2018unsubscribe\u2019 link.

    ", + "

    Telesales and fax marketing

    ", + "

    You must say who you are when you make a telesales call, and give your address or phone number if you\u2019re asked for it. The number for customers to call must be a freephone number.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not allowed to send marketing faxes to individuals unless you\u2019ve received their prior permission, but you can send unsolicited faxes to companies.

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that you\u2019ve checked you\u2019re not contacting anyone who does not want to be contacted.

    ", + "

    Check who\u2019s asked not to receive calls or faxes using the:

    ", + "
  • Telephone Preference Service
    • ", + "
  • Fax Preference Service
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to phone or fax someone registered with these services if you do not have their permission. You can be fined up to \u00a3500,000 for each unsolicited phonecall.

    ", + "

    Automated calls

    ", + "

    If you want to make automated calls - with pre-recorded phone messages - you must get the permission of the individual or business first.

    ", + "

    Direct mail

    ", + "

    Check that your mailing lists do not include anyone who\u2019s asked not to receive direct mailing, using the Mail Preference Service.

    ", + "

    Email marketing and text messages

    ", + "

    You\u2019re only allowed to send marketing emails to individual customers if they\u2019ve given you permission.

    ", + "

    Emails or text messages must clearly indicate:

    ", + "
  • who you are
    • ", + "
  • that you\u2019re selling something
    • ", + "
  • what the promotions are, and any conditions
    • ", + "

    Check that you are not sending emails to anyone who\u2019s asked not to receive them, using the Email Preference Service.

    ", + "

    If you buy or rent a mailing list, ask the supplier if you have the right to use it for email marketing.

    ", + "

    Every marketing email you send must give the person the ability to opt out of (or \u2018unsubscribe from\u2019) further emails.

    ", + "

    You must tell customers if you add them to a list of people who do not want to be emailed.

    ", + "

    Cookies

    ", + "

    You must tell visitors to your website how your site uses cookies, and ask if they want to accept them.

    ", + "

    The information should be easy to understand.

    ", + "

    Find out more about cookies on the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office website and AboutCookies.org.

    ", + "

    Customers can complain if you misuse their information, and you could be ordered to pay a fine or compensation.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Weights and measures: the law", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "contents": [ + "

    Units of measurement

    ", + "

    You must use metric measurements (grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres) when selling packaged or loose goods in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    There are different rules in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    The only products you can sell in imperial measures are:

    ", + "
  • draught beer or cider by pint
    • ", + "
  • milk in returnable containers by pint
    • ", + "
  • precious metals by troy ounce
    • ", + "

    You can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.

    ", + "

    Specified quantities

    ", + "

    Some goods must be sold in fixed sizes known as \u2018specified quantities\u2019.

    ", + "

    Alcohol

    ", + "

    There are different rules depending on whether you\u2019re selling by the glass or bottle.

    ", + "

    By the glass

    ", + " | Measures", + "Still wine | 125ml, 175ml, multiples of 125ml and 175ml", + "Port, sherry or other fortified wine | 50ml, 70ml, multiples of 50ml or 70ml", + "Gin, rum, vodka and whisky | Either 25ml and multiples of 25ml, or 35ml and multiples of 35ml (not both on the same premises)", + "Draught beer and cider | Third, half, two-thirds of a pint and multiples of half a pint", + "

    There are no specified quantities for sparkling wine or yellow wine by the glass or spirits other than gin, rum, vodka and whisky.

    ", + "

    Packaged in bottles, boxes or similar

    ", + " | Volume by millilitre (ml)", + "Still wine | 100, 187, 250, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500", + "Yellow wine | 620", + "Sparkling wine | 125, 200, 375, 750, 1500", + "Fortified wine | 100, 200, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500", + "Spirit drinks | 100, 200, 350, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 1750, 2000", + "

    You can sell packaged alcohol in any volume if it\u2019s below the minimum or above the maximum allowed for specified quantities.

    ", + " | Minimum (ml) | Maximum (ml)", + "Still wine | 100 | 1500", + "Yellow wine | 100 | 1500", + "Sparkling wine | 125 | 1500", + "Fortified wine | 100 | 1500", + "Spirit drinks | 100 | 2000", + "

    There are no specified quantities for packaged beer or cider.

    ", + "

    Solid fuel

    ", + "

    You can sell sealed bags of solid fuel in any size you wish but if you\u2019re selling it loose, you can only sell it in quantities of:

    ", + "
  • 25kg
    • ", + "
  • 50kg
    • ", + "
  • multiples of 50kg
    • ", + "

    Packaged goods

    ", + "

    Packaged goods are products that are all of these:

    ", + "
  • sold sealed
    • ", + "
  • between 5g and 25kg or 5ml and 25 litres
    • ", + "
  • the same weight or volume as other products of the same type
    • ", + "

    There are 2 ways to pack your products.

    ", + "

    Minimum system

    ", + "

    You can pack your products so that they contain at least the quantity displayed on the label. The packages can contain more than the label says, but not less.

    ", + "

    Average system

    ", + "

    You can pack your products to an average measurement that is on the label. You must check your packages to make sure a random sample is packed to meet all these rules - known as the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules\u2019:

    ", + "
  • the contents of the packages must not be less, on average, than the weight on the label
    • ", + "
  • only a small number can fall below a certain margin of error, known as the \u2018tolerable negative error\u2019 (TNE)
    • ", + "
  • no package can be underweight by more than twice the TNE
    • ", + "Quantity in grams and millilitres | TNE as % of quantity | TNE in grams or millilitres", + "5 to 50 | 9 | n/a", + "50 to 100 | n/a | 4.5", + "100 to 200 | 4.5 | n/a", + "200 to 300 | n/a | 9", + "300 to 500 | 3 | n/a", + "500 to 1,000 | n/a | 15", + "1,000 to 10,000 | 1.5 | n/a", + "10,000 to 15,000 | n/a | 150", + "more than 15,000 | 1 | n/a", + "

    If you\u2019re calculating the TNE as a percentage of the quantity, you must round up the weight or volume to the nearest 0.10 of a gram or millilitre.

    ", + "

    Contact your local Trading Standards office for help with packing to the average system.

    ", + "

    Read the \u2018Weights and Measures (Packaged Goods) 2006\u2019 guidance for business for more information.

    ", + "

    You must make sure packaged goods you\u2019re producing or importing are packed and labelled correctly.

    ", + "

    You can be fined or sent to prison if you break the rules.

    ", + "

    Equipment and records

    ", + "

    Equipment for packaged goods

    ", + "

    The equipment you use to weigh or measure your packaged goods has to be suitable. There are no hard and fast rules about what equipment you should use but you cannot use domestic scales to weigh goods you intend to sell.

    ", + "

    Your local Trading Standards office will tell you what is suitable equipment for your business sector.

    ", + "

    Trading Standards will check the weights and measures of your goods on your production line to make sure the equipment is accurate.

    ", + "

    Records

    ", + "

    You must keep records if you pack your products using the average system. You must record the results of your sample batches and show that they meet the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules.

    ", + "

    You do not have to keep records if you measure every package or you use the minimum system to pack your products.

    ", + "

    You must keep your records for at least one year from either the date you ship the packages or the \u2018use by\u2019 date on the package - whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    Your local Trading Standards office can advise you about how to keep records.

    ", + "

    Labelling packaged goods

    ", + "

    You must put the weight or volume of your packaged goods on the label.

    ", + "

    The quantity marking must be:

    ", + "
  • permanent
    • ", + "
  • easy to see
    • ", + "
  • meet a minimum height requirement
    • ", + "

    You can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.

    ", + "

    Food

    ", + "

    Read the rules about what you must show on packaged food labels.

    ", + "

    Exporting packaged goods

    ", + "

    You must meet the rules for packaged goods in the country you\u2019re exporting to.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Become a childminder or nanny (England)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-childminder-nanny", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you want to be paid to look after children under 8, you might need to register with Ofsted or a childminder agency.

    ", + "

    You can get a fine if you do not register when you need to.

    ", + "

    You must register as a childminder if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the children are under the age of 8
    • ", + "
  • you look after them for more than 2 hours a day
    • ", + "
  • you look after them in your own home
    • ", + "
  • you get paid to look after them - including payment in kind
    • ", + "

    You can register with Ofsted online. To register with a childminder agency, contact them directly.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you want to provide daycare outside someone\u2019s home - for example a nursery or creche.

    ", + "

    You do not need to register if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a nanny
    • ", + "
  • a tutor
    • ", + "
  • a babysitter and if you look after the children between 6pm and 2am
    • ", + "
  • a family friend and if you look after the children less than 3 hours a day
    • ", + "

    You can still choose to register if you\u2019re a nanny or in other situations. This helps the child\u2019s parents qualify for free childcare.

    ", + "

    Check which register to join if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    Who cannot register

    ", + "

    You cannot register if you:

    ", + "
  • are under 18
    • ", + "
  • are related to all of the children you look after
    • ", + "
  • do not have the legal right to work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • are barred from working with children
    • ", + "
  • have been disqualified
    • ", + "
  • have been refused registration in the past or had your registration cancelled - unless it was because you did not pay your annual fee
    • ", + "
  • are childminding in a home where a disqualified person lives or works
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been disqualified, you may be able to apply to waive your disqualification

    ", + "

    Which register to join

    ", + "

    There are 2 registers - the Early Years Register and the Childcare Register.

    ", + "

    Which register you join depends on:

    ", + "
  • the age of the children you\u2019re looking after
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re registering as a childminder or a nanny
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be prompted to join the correct register when you apply.

    ", + "

    Children up to the age of 5

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a childminder and you look after children from birth to 5 years old you must join the Early Years Register. This lets you look after children up to 31 August after their fifth birthday.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a registration visit from Ofsted when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you join the register you must follow the early years foundation stage (EYFS) framework.

    ", + "

    Nannies cannot join the Early Years Register.

    ", + "

    Children from 5 to 8 years old

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a childminder and you look after children from 5 to 8 years old you must join the Childcare Register. This lets you look after children from 1 September after their fifth birthday up to their eighth birthday.

    ", + "

    As a nanny you can choose to join the Childcare Register, regardless of the age of the children you\u2019re looking after.

    ", + "

    You may be inspected by Ofsted. You may also get a registration visit.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    You need to pay an annual registration fee to Ofsted. You\u2019ll also have to pay for things like criminal record checks, training and insurance.

    ", + "

    Registration fee

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay the registration fee each year.

    ", + " | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies", + "Childminders - caring only for children aged 5 or under | \u00a335 | Not applicable", + "Childminders - caring only for children aged 5 or older | \u00a3103 | Not applicable", + "Childminders - caring for children of all ages | \u00a335 | Not applicable", + "Register as a nanny | Not applicable | \u00a3103", + "

    Criminal record and health checks

    ", + " | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies", + "Your criminal record check | \u00a348.10 | \u00a348.10", + "Checks for adults in your home | \u00a348.10 each | Not applicable", + "Criminal record check update service (recommended) | \u00a313/year | \u00a313/year", + "GP to fill in and sign health declaration booklet | \u00a390 (approximately) | Not applicable", + "

    Training

    ", + " | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies", + "First aid course to cover the age groups you look after | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately) | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately)", + "Childcare training on the type of care you will provide - ask your council | \u00a350 to \u00a3200 (approximately) | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately)", + "

    Other costs

    ", + "Insurance | Cost", + "Public liability insurance | \u00a325 to \u00a3100 (approximately)", + "Keeping digital records | Cost", + "Register with ICO to keep digital records of children (childminders only) | \u00a340", + "

    Register as a nanny

    ", + "

    You can register with Ofsted as a nanny or au pair to look after children in their own home.

    ", + "

    A nanny can look after children from 1 or 2 families at the same time.

    ", + "

    If you want to look after children from more than 2 families at the same time in your home, you\u2019ll need to register as a childminder instead.

    ", + "

    You will need:

    ", + "
  • an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) - you must get the right criminal record check
    • ", + "
  • first aid training
    • ", + "
  • childcare training - speak to your local council
    • ", + "
  • public liability insurance
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of good character from an embassy - if you\u2019ve lived abroad in the past 5 years
    • ", + "

    Ofsted will reject your application if you do not have the correct documents.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3103 to register with Ofsted. This fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    Find out about other costs.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    It usually takes up to 12 weeks to process your application.

    ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    It should take you about 15 minutes to fill in the form.

    ", + "

    Register as a nanny

    ", + "

    Register as a childminder

    ", + "

    You must register with Ofsted to look after children in your home.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re looking after children in their own home, you should register with Ofsted as a nanny or au pair instead.

    ", + "

    You will need:

    ", + "
  • an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) - you must get the right criminal record check
    • ", + "
  • first aid training for the age group you will look after
    • ", + "
  • childcare training - speak to your local council
    • ", + "
  • a health declaration booklet
    • ", + "
  • contact details for 2 references
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of good character from an embassy - if you\u2019ve lived abroad in the past 5 years
    • ", + "

    Ofsted will reject your application if you do not have the correct documents.

    ", + "

    Checks on other people in your home

    ", + "

    If anyone aged 16 or over lives with you or works in your home regularly, they\u2019ll need to get an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists.

    ", + "

    The type of check they get depends on their role. For example your partner would need to get a different check to someone who works in your home, like a cleaner.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to get a certificate of good character from an embassy if they\u2019ve lived abroad in the last 5 years.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    It usually costs \u00a335 to register with Ofsted. This fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    Find out about other costs.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    It usually takes up to 12 weeks to process your application.

    ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    It should take you about 30 minutes to fill in the form.

    ", + "

    Register as a childminder

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    When you submit your application Ofsted will:

    ", + "
  • do background checks with local authorities
    • ", + "
  • check your references
    • ", + "
  • give you a reference number to use if you have questions about your application
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a childminder

    ", + "

    An inspector will visit you to check:

    ", + "
  • your identity and qualifications - including first aid qualifications
    • ", + "
  • your house and garden are safe for children
    • ", + "
  • that you\u2019re familiar with the early years foundation stage (EYFS) requirements and know how to put them into practice
    • ", + "
  • your level of English
    • ", + "

    You will not usually get a registration visit if you\u2019re only looking after children aged over 5.

    ", + "

    Find out how to prepare for your registration visit.

    ", + "

    If your application is approved

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a certificate of registration if your application is approved. You will need this to start work as a childminder.

    ", + "

    Ofsted will publish your unique reference number (\u2018URN\u2019) and inspection reports online. If you\u2019re a childminder they will also publish your name and address - unless you tell them not to.

    ", + "

    If your application is refused

    ", + "

    Ofsted will send you a letter called a \u2018notice of intention\u2019 which will tell you why you\u2019ve been turned down.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be disqualified from applying again in future.

    ", + "

    Object to a decision

    ", + "

    You can object to a decision if you\u2019ve been sent a \u2018notice of intention\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must object within 14 days of the date on the notice.

    ", + "

    Ofsted will consider your objection, then tell you if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re still refused registration
    • ", + "
  • you cannot look after children in a particular home
    • ", + "
  • your decision is overturned
    • ", + "

    If you do not object, or Ofsted does not change its decision, you\u2019ll get a second letter called a \u2018notice of decision\u2019. This is the final decision to refuse registration or approval of a certain premises.

    ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    If you disagree with Ofsted\u2019s final decision, you can appeal to an independent tribunal.

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 3 months of the date that you\u2019re sent the notice of decision.

    ", + "

    After you're registered

    ", + "

    You must continue to meet the registration standards while you\u2019re working as a childminder or nanny.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • pay the annual registration fee
    • ", + "
  • keep your details up to date
    • ", + "
  • report any major accidents or incidents
    • ", + "

    Ofsted will inspect childminders and some nannies.

    ", + "

    Keep your details up to date

    ", + "

    You must tell Ofsted if:

    ", + "
  • you change where you\u2019re working
    • ", + "
  • your contact details change
    • ", + "
  • you stop working as a childminder or nanny
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a childminder

    ", + "

    You must tell Ofsted if:

    ", + "
  • anyone 16 or over moves into your home or leaves your home
    • ", + "
  • your childminding assistants change
    • ", + "

    Reporting accidents and incidents

    ", + "

    Use the early years incident online form to report:

    ", + "
  • a serious accident, injury or illness to a child, for example food poisoning
    • ", + "
  • allegations that someone living, working or looking after children in your household has committed serious harm or abuse
    • ", + "
  • anything that might affect the suitability of someone on the premises to look after children
    • ", + "
  • a child\u2019s death
    • ", + "

    Providing other types of childcare

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a childminder, you can apply to set up childcare on non-domestic premises (for example, a playgroup or after-school club). You can work here for up to half of your time.

    ", + "

    If you want to work with 3 or more childminders or childminding assistants in your home, you\u2019ll need to register as a daycare organisation (this is known as \u2018providing childcare on domestic premises\u2019).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Register as a childminder agency in England", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-childminder-agency-england", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must register with Ofsted if you want to set up a childminder agency in England.

    ", + "

    Childminder agencies register childminders and give training, business support, advice and help finding suitable parents.

    ", + "

    You can register as an individual, or as a private or public sector organisation such as a school or academy.

    ", + "

    You must have a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check, and be interviewed and inspected by Ofsted as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Which register to join

    ", + "

    There are 2 registers. You must apply to join:

    ", + "
  • the Early Years Register to register childminders who look after children aged 5 and under
    • ", + "
  • the compulsory part of the Childcare Register to register childminders who look after children aged 5 to 7
    • ", + "
  • both registers to register childminders who look after children of all ages
    • ", + "

    The Early Years Register is for children from birth up to the 31 August after their 5th birthday.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on the compulsory part of the Childcare Register, you can also join the voluntary part. You can only register childminders on the voluntary part of the register if you\u2019ve already registered them on the compulsory part.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Registration can take up to 16 weeks.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3220 to register as a childminder agency.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to join the Childcare Register if you\u2019re already on or applying to the Early Years Register.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "
  • Read the childminder agency handbook.
    • ", + "
  • Apply for a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check through the Ofsted portal.
    • ", + "
  • Join the DBS update service and agree to Ofsted checking your DBS certificate at least once every 6 months. You have 19 days to join the service after getting your certificate, otherwise you\u2019ll need to get a new certificate.
    • ", + "
  • Download, fill in and send the application form.
    • ", + "
  • Check whether you need to fill in and send a declaration and consent form.
    • ", + "
  • Prepare for your registration visit by an Ofsted inspector (see the childminder agency handbook for details on this).
    • ", + "

    Get help and advice

    ", + "

    Contact Ofsted if you have any questions about the application process.

    ", + "

    Change your details

    ", + "

    You must tell Ofsted if there are any changes to anyone named in your application.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a notification form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told at the end of your registration inspection visit if you can start working as an agency.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a registration certificate in the post that you must display at all times in your work place.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019re registered you can be inspected again or get an \u2018investigation visit\u2019 if someone makes a complaint about you.

    ", + "

    You must tell Ofsted if there are any changes to anyone named in your application. Download and fill in a notification form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    If your application is refused

    ", + "

    Ofsted will send you a letter called a \u2018notice of intention\u2019 which will tell you why you\u2019ve been turned down.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be sent a leaflet on how to object and appeal.

    ", + "

    Withdraw your application

    ", + "

    You can withdraw your application up until you get a notice of intention to refuse your registration. Your fee won\u2019t be refunded.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Agricultural Sick Pay", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/agricultural-sick-pay", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Agricultural Sick Pay (ASP) means you\u2019re paid at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage when you\u2019re off work sick. It includes any Statutory Sick Pay you might be entitled to.

    ", + "

    You only have the right to Agricultural Sick Pay if you were employed before the rules changed on 1 October 2013\u00a0and it says so in your contract.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for Agricultural Sick Pay in Scotland.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "Number of months continuous employment when you went off sick | Maximum weeks you can claim Agricultural Sick Pay (ASP) per year", + "Up to 12 | 0", + "12 to 23 | 13", + "24 to 35 | 16", + "36 to 47 | 19", + "48 to 58 | 22", + "59 or more | 26", + "

    Working out how much you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    Multiply the \u2018maximum weeks you can claim ASP\u2019 in the table by the number of days you regularly work per week including any guaranteed overtime. This doesn\u2019t include overtime you regularly work that isn\u2019t guaranteed. This number tells you how many days you can claim over a 12 month period starting from the first day of sickness or injury that\u2019s eligible.

    ", + "

    The period you can claim for starts on the first full working day you\u2019re unable to work and ends on the day before you return. This can be any day, including days you don\u2019t usually work.

    ", + "

    You must be paid at least your basic pay for all normal working hours (including guaranteed overtime) for each day you\u2019re entitled to.

    ", + "

    Away for longer than you\u2019re entitled to claim for

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re away for longer than the number of weeks you\u2019re entitled to claim for, you might be able to get Employment and Support Allowance or other benefits.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll be paid

    ", + "

    You should be paid on your normal pay day. Your employer must pay your sick pay while you\u2019re off work and immediately after you come back. Each payment should be for at least the amount your employer knows you\u2019re entitled to (rather than guessing when you\u2019ll return).

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You only have the right to Agricultural Sick Pay if you were employed before the rules changed on 1 October 2013\u00a0and it says so in your contract.

    ", + "

    You must have been continuously employed by the same employer for at least 52 weeks before the first day of your absence.

    ", + "

    When you become entitled to Agricultural Sick Pay (ASP)

    ", + "

    You won\u2019t be paid for the first 3 days off sick unless you\u2019re away for longer than 14 working days in total.

    ", + "

    Sickness that counts for ASP

    ", + "
  • your own illness, whatever caused it
    • ", + "
  • your own illness or incapacity caused by pregnancy or maternity
    • ", + "
  • injuries which happened at work
    • ", + "
  • injuries which happened travelling to or from work
    • ", + "
  • recovering from an operation caused by an illness or injury suffered at work or travelling to or from work
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re sick because of another reason, you might be entitled to Statutory Sick Pay.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Tell your employer about your sickness or injury and they\u2019ll sort out your Agricultural Sick Pay (ASP). If you\u2019re ill for longer than 8 days, you must give your employer a medical certificate (doctor\u2019s note).

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    If you need advice, contact the pay and work rights helpline.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Agricultural workers' rights", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/agricultural-workers-rights", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Agricultural workers in Wales, and those employed in England before 1 October 2013, are normally entitled to:

    ", + "
  • minimum rates of pay which may be higher than the National Minimum Wage
    • ", + "
  • paid holiday
    • ", + "
  • Agricultural Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • pay even if bad weather stops work
    • ", + "
  • night work pay
    • ", + "
  • on-call allowance
    • ", + "
  • 30-minute rest breaks, if they are 18 or over and work more than 5.5 hours a day
    • ", + "

    There are different employment rights for agricultural workers employed in England from 1 October 2013.

    ", + "

    There are also different rules for agricultural workers\u2019 rights in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Terms and conditions

    ", + "

    England

    ", + "

    Agricultural workers in England employed before 1 October 2013 still have the terms and conditions set out in the Agricultural Wages (England and Wales) Order 2012.

    ", + "

    Wales

    ", + "

    Before starting work, employers must give agricultural workers in Wales an Agricultural Wage Order. This sets out many of the terms and conditions of employment. But, employers must still give agricultural workers a written statement of employment particulars.

    ", + "

    This sets out many of the terms and conditions of employment. However, agricultural workers must still be given a written statement of employment particulars by their employer.

    ", + "

    Trainees

    ", + "

    Trainees have different rights, for example they do not get paid holidays.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    If you were employed in England before 1 October 2013, you can contact the Acas helpline or use the Acas Helpline Online to get further advice.

    ", + "

    You can also make a complaint to the Rural Payments agency.

    ", + "

    For queries about wages and rights in Wales after 1 October 2013 contact the Agriculture: Sustainable Development Division.

    ", + "

    What counts as an agricultural worker

    ", + "

    An agricultural worker is someone who works in:

    ", + "
  • farming and rearing animals
    • ", + "
  • growing produce including non-edible crops like bulbs, plants and flowers
    • ", + "
  • forestry, market gardens and nurseries
    • ", + "
  • maintaining meadow or pasture land, woodlands and reed beds
    • ", + "

    This list does not include everything. If you\u2019re not sure if a job counts as work in agriculture, call the Acas helpline.

    ", + "

    Pay and overtime

    ", + "

    Agricultural workers in England must be paid at least the National Minimum Wage. Workers employed before the rules changed on 1 October 2013 still have the right to the Agricultural Minimum Wage if it says so in their contract.

    ", + "

    Agricultural workers in Wales must be paid at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage, or the National Minimum Wage if that\u2019s higher. The Agricultural Minimum Wage depends on the worker\u2019s job grade and category.

    ", + "

    Agricultural Minimum Wage

    ", + "

    Grades 1 to 6

    ", + "

    If a worker\u2019s contract says they should work 39 hours a week (not including overtime) they must be paid the weekly rate, otherwise they must be paid the hourly rate.

    ", + " | Weekly pay | Hourly pay | Hourly overtime", + "Grade 1 (compulsory school age) | n/a | \u00a33.11 | \u00a34.67", + "Grade 1 (above compulsory school age) | \u00a3242.19 | \u00a36.21 | \u00a39.32", + "Grade 2 | \u00a3271.44 | \u00a36.96 | \u00a310.44", + "Grade 3 | \u00a3298.74 | \u00a37.66 | \u00a311.49", + "Grade 4 | \u00a3320.19 | \u00a38.21 | \u00a312.32", + "Grade 5 | \u00a3339.30 | \u00a38.70 | \u00a313.05", + "Grade 6 | \u00a3366.60 | \u00a39.40 | \u00a314.10", + "

    Full-time and part-time flexible workers

    ", + "

    Flexible workers must be paid at least the weekly rate if they are full-time, or at least the hourly rate if they are part-time.

    ", + " | Hourly pay | Weekly pay | Hourly overtime", + "Grade 1 - 6 days per week | \u00a36.64 | \u00a3258.96 | \u00a39.32", + "Grade 1 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a36.52 | \u00a3254.28 | \u00a39.32", + "Grade 2 - 6 days per week | \u00a37.45 | \u00a3290.55 | \u00a310.44", + "Grade 2 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a37.31 | \u00a3285.09 | \u00a310.44", + "Grade 3 - 6 days per week | \u00a38.20 | \u00a3319.80 | \u00a311.49", + "Grade 3 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a38.04 | \u00a3313.56 | \u00a311.49", + "Grade 4 - 6 days per week | \u00a38.78 | \u00a3342.42 | \u00a312.32", + "Grade 4 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a38.62 | \u00a3336.18 | \u00a312.32", + "Grade 5 - 6 days per week | \u00a39.31 | \u00a3363.09 | \u00a313.05", + "Grade 5 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a39.14 | \u00a3356.46 | \u00a313.05", + "Grade 6 - 6 days per week | \u00a310.06 | \u00a3392.34 | \u00a314.10", + "Grade 6 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a39.87 | \u00a3384.93 | \u00a314.10", + "

    Apprentices

    ", + "

    For years 3 and above, apprentices must receive at least the rate for Grade 2 workers.

    ", + " | Weekly pay | Hourly pay | Hourly overtime", + "Year 1 - any age | \u00a3139.23 | \u00a33.57 | \u00a35.36", + "Year 2 - age 16 to 17 | \u00a3145.08 | \u00a33.72 | \u00a35.52", + "Year 2 - age 18 to 20 | \u00a3196.17 | \u00a35.03 | \u00a37.47", + "Year 2 - age 21 and over | \u00a3246.09 | \u00a36.31 | \u00a39.29", + "

    Trainees

    ", + "

    A trainee does not have to be paid for:

    ", + "
  • the hours they\u2019re being trained
    • ", + "
  • holidays
    • ", + "

    They should be paid for any work done as part of a separate contract.

    ", + "

    Training courses

    ", + "

    If an employed worker is on a training course, they should be paid at least their normal wage - including for the time spent travelling to and from the training.

    ", + "

    Overtime

    ", + "

    Overtime must be paid if a person works:

    ", + "
  • more than 39 basic hours in a week
    • ", + "
  • more than 8 hours in a day
    • ", + "
  • any hours over the normal working hours in the employment contract
    • ", + "
  • on a public or bank holiday
    • ", + "
  • on a Sunday - if the contract started before 1 October 2006
    • ", + "

    Piece work

    ", + "

    Even if they are paid for completing a task, for example for each box of fruit packed, a worker must be paid the Agricultural Minimum Wage according to the hours they work.

    ", + "

    Night work

    ", + "

    A worker who works at any time between 7pm and 6am must be paid \u00a31.36 per hour more than their basic pay rate.

    ", + "

    Dog allowance

    ", + "

    If a worker keeps a dog for their job, they must get \u00a37.63 a week for each dog.

    ", + "

    Tied accommodation

    ", + "

    If a worker gets a house or \u2018self-contained accommodation\u2019 as part of their job they can be paid \u00a31.50 less than their normal weekly pay. They may automatically get an agricultural tenancy.

    ", + "

    If the accommodation is not a house - for example, a caravan - they can be paid \u00a34.82 less each day they stay there.

    ", + "

    Accommodation must be safe, warm, secure - and have toilet and washing facilities and fresh drinking water.

    ", + "

    On-call allowance

    ", + "

    The on-call allowance for a worker is 2 hours\u2019 overtime pay for their grade, and is paid if they are not at work but have an arrangement with their employer:

    ", + "
  • to be contactable by an agreed method
    • ", + "
  • to be able to reach their workplace within an agreed time
    • ", + "

    If they are called into work, they must be paid overtime for the hours they work, or for 2 hours - whichever is the higher.

    ", + "

    Sick pay

    ", + "

    Agricultural workers are entitled to sick pay, meaning they\u2019ll get at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage when they\u2019re off.

    ", + "

    Grades and categories

    ", + "

    The minimum wage and other rights and entitlements for agricultural workers depends on their grade and category.

    ", + "

    Grades

    ", + "

    An agricultural worker\u2019s grade is based on their skills and responsibilities.

    ", + "

    Grade 1 - initial grade

    ", + "

    A grade 1 worker is usually supervised and works on simple tasks like harvesting or packing.

    ", + "

    They have the right to be trained to become a grade 2 worker once they\u2019ve worked for the same employer continuously for 30 weeks.

    ", + "

    Grade 2 - standard worker

    ", + "

    Someone is a grade 2 worker if they have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a vocational qualification of at least NVQ at level 2
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of competence for the agricultural sector they work in
    • ", + "

    Someone is also a grade 2 worker if they:

    ", + "
  • work mainly unsupervised
    • ", + "
  • work with animals
    • ", + "
  • use powered machinery
    • ", + "
  • drive a tractor
    • ", + "

    Grade 3 - lead worker

    ", + "

    If someone has worked in agriculture for at least 2 of the past 5 years, they\u2019re a grade 3 worker if they have either:

    ", + "
  • a National Certificate in agriculture or horticulture
    • ", + "
  • 4 certificates of competence or non-accredited competencies, for the agricultural sector they work in
    • ", + "

    Someone is also a grade 3 worker if

    ", + "
  • they manage a team - but not discipline team members
    • ", + "
  • their employer views them as a grade 3 team leader and they\u2019ve completed a one month (maximum) trial period
    • ", + "

    Grade 4 - craft grade

    ", + "

    Someone is a grade 4 worker if they have:

    ", + "
  • an NVQ level 3 vocational qualification
    • ", + "
  • 8 certificates of competence for the agricultural sector they work in
    • ", + "

    They should also have:

    ", + "
  • worked for the same employer continuously for 12 months since getting this qualification
    • ", + "
  • worked in agriculture for at least 2 of the past 5 years
    • ", + "

    There are other qualifications for grade 4 - you can get more help and advice.

    ", + "

    Grade 5 - supervisory grade

    ", + "

    A grade 5 worker is responsible for either:

    ", + "
  • supervising work on a farm on a daily basis
    • ", + "
  • instructing, supervising and disciplining staff
    • ", + "

    Grade 6 - farm management grade

    ", + "

    A grade 6 worker has either:

    ", + "
  • management responsibility for a farm - or part of a farm if it\u2019s run as a separate business
    • ", + "
  • responsibility for employing, disciplining and dismissing staff
    • ", + "

    Categories

    ", + "

    An agricultural worker\u2019s category depends on their duties, responsibilities and/or qualifications.

    ", + "

    Flexible workers

    ", + "

    Flexible workers must have a written \u2018flexible working agreement\u2019.

    ", + "

    A full-time flexible worker works:

    ", + "
  • a 39 basic hour week - the hours can vary over different days
    • ", + "
  • set working hours and working days, which cannot be changed unless agreed with the employer
    • ", + "
  • on a Sunday when needed
    • ", + "

    A part-time flexible worker works:

    ", + "
  • less than 39 basic hours a week - the hours can vary over different days
    • ", + "
  • set working hours and working days, which cannot be changed unless agreed with the employer
    • ", + "

    Trainee

    ", + "

    A trainee is someone who is:

    ", + "
  • on work experience as part of a Business, Innovation and Skills-approved training scheme
    • ", + "
  • on work experience in agriculture as part of the Diploma in Environmental and Land-Based Studies for 14 to 19-year-olds
    • ", + "
  • taking part in the second phase of the European Leonardo da Vinci Programme
    • ", + "

    Apprentice

    ", + "

    Rights for apprentices are different.

    ", + "

    Agricultural tenancies

    ", + "

    If an agricultural worker gets a self-contained home as part of their job they may automatically have an \u2018assured agricultural occupancy\u2019. This will not happen if they had a written notice at the start of the tenancy saying that it was an assured shorthold tenancy instead.

    ", + "

    How it starts

    ", + "

    An assured agricultural occupancy starts when the worker has been employed in agriculture (by any employer) for 91 weeks of the last 104, including paid holiday and sick leave, and:

    ", + "
  • the tenant works 35 hours or more a week
    • ", + "
  • the accommodation is owned by the farmer, or arranged by them
    • ", + "

    Who can get one

    ", + "

    The tenant must be a serving farm worker or a:

    ", + "
  • farm manager or family worker
    • ", + "
  • retired farm worker
    • ", + "
  • farm worker forced to give up work
    • ", + "
  • former farm worker who has taken other employment
    • ", + "
  • deceased farm worker\u2019s widow, widower or family member of a worker and were living with the worker when they died
    • ", + "

    They have to have been working for the farmer who provides or arranges the accommodation.

    ", + "

    You can get more detailed information on who can get an assured agricultural occupancy in \u2018agricultural lettings\u2019.

    ", + "

    Rent increases

    ", + "

    The rent can go up at any time if the worker agrees - if they do not, then it can only go up yearly, unless a different interval is stated in the tenancy agreement. The farmer must tell the worker in writing before putting the rent up.

    ", + "

    The employment ends

    ", + "

    If the worker loses their job or retires, they can stay in the accommodation. The farmer can ask them to start paying rent - or a higher rent than before. If the farmer and worker cannot agree on a rent, they can go to a rent assessment committee.

    ", + "

    If the farmer wants the property back, they can apply to the courts, although they may have to provide the tenant with suitable alternative accommodation. If nothing suitable is available, the tenant may be entitled to re-housing by the council.

    ", + "

    The farmer wants to end the tenancy

    ", + "

    The farmer may want the property back for a new worker, or to end the tenancy because the worker is:

    ", + "
  • not paying the rent
    • ", + "
  • breaking terms of the tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • damaging the property or its contents
    • ", + "
  • being a nuisance to neighbours
    • ", + "

    If the worker does not leave willingly, the farmer will have to go to court, and the court will decide whether the worker has to go. If the worker is still a serving farm worker, the farmer may have to provide alternative accommodation.

    ", + "

    If a tenant dies

    ", + "

    The tenancy will automatically pass to their husband or wife. If they did not have a husband or wife, it can pass to another family member if they lived there for the 2 years before the worker\u2019s death.

    ", + "

    Gangmasters

    ", + "

    An individual or business that provides workers for agricultural work is called a \u2018gangmaster\u2019.

    ", + "

    Gangmasters must be licensed if they provide workers for:

    ", + "
  • agriculture
    • ", + "
  • horticulture
    • ", + "
  • dairy farming
    • ", + "
  • food and drink processing or packaging
    • ", + "
  • forestry
    • ", + "
  • gathering shellfish (anybody who uses supplied workers to gather shellfish also needs to be licensed)
    • ", + "

    There are some jobs in these industries that do not need a gangmaster licence.

    ", + "

    You can check if a gangmaster is licensed.

    ", + "

    Changes to employment terms and conditions

    ", + "

    From 1 October 2013, the terms and conditions changed for agricultural and horticultural workers in England who begin new jobs. This includes workers supplied by a gangmaster.

    ", + "

    Employment started on or after 1 October 2013

    ", + "

    Workers must receive at least:

    ", + "
  • the National Minimum Wage
    • ", + "
  • other statutory minimum terms of employment
    • ", + "

    Employment started before 1 October 2013

    ", + "

    Workers, including those supplied by a gangmaster, are still entitled to the terms and conditions of their contract.

    ", + "

    For example, this might mean workers are entitled to overtime rates, agricultural sick pay and dog allowance. Where accommodation is provided in a contract, workers can continue living in that accommodation.

    ", + "

    These entitlements and any other terms and conditions already agreed will continue to apply unless the contract is changed by mutual agreement or it finishes.

    ", + "

    Workers must always be paid at least the appropriate National Minimum Wage. A worker\u2019s rate must be raised if it ever falls below the minimum.

    ", + "

    Enforcement of workers\u2019 rights

    ", + "

    Workers should contact the Acas helpline if they\u2019re concerned that they\u2019re not working under the right terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    Wales

    ", + "

    There is no change in terms and conditions for workers in Wales after 1 October 2013.

    ", + "

    Workers should contact the Agriculture: Sustainable Development Division if they\u2019re concerned they\u2019re not working under the correct terms and conditions.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Farm and livery horses", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/farm-and-livery-horses", + "contents": [ + "

    Looking after horses

    ", + "

    A horse is considered to be an agricultural animal if it is used to farm agricultural land or is farmed for meat or hides.

    ", + "

    Horses on farms or in stables and livery yards are protected by the Animal Welfare Act. If you own or are responsible for a horse, you have a duty to look after its basic welfare by:

    ", + "
  • providing it with a suitable place to live
    • ", + "
  • giving it a suitable diet
    • ", + "
  • protecting it from pain, injury, suffering and disease
    • ", + "
  • making sure it can behave normally and naturally
    • ", + "

    You can get an unlimited fine or be sent to prison for up to 6 months if you are cruel to an animal or do not care for it properly. You may also be banned from owning animals in future.

    ", + "

    The standards for looking after horses on farms or in livery yards are set out in the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) \u2018Code of Practice for the Welfare of Horses, Ponies, Donkeys and their Hybrids\u2019.

    ", + "

    Failing to follow the Code of Practice could be used against you if you are prosecuted under the Animal Welfare Act.

    ", + "

    Stables and livery yards

    ", + "

    At a livery yard, horses are housed and cared for in return for payment but do not belong to the owner of the yard.

    ", + "

    Health and safety standards for livery yards are set out by the Chartered Institute for Environmental Health (CIEH).

    ", + "

    Planning permission for stables and livery yards

    ", + "

    Stables and livery yards require planning permission:

    ", + "
  • in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • in Scotland
    • ", + "

    You can make a planning application online.

    ", + "

    Dealing with waste

    ", + "

    Horse manure

    ", + "

    Horse manure is not considered waste if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it is used as soil fertiliser
    • ", + "
  • it is used lawfully for spreading on clearly identified pieces of agricultural land
    • ", + "
  • it is only stored to be used for spreading on agricultural land
    • ", + "

    If you store or spread horse waste near to water, it can be a health hazard and could harm the environment. You will need to follow rules on Nitrate Vulnerable Zones and follow rules on the pollution of groundwater.

    ", + "

    Getting rid of solid waste

    ", + "

    Solid waste includes things like:

    ", + "
  • contaminated bedding
    • ", + "
  • food containers
    • ", + "
  • horse manure (if not used as soil fertiliser)
    • ", + "
  • empty pesticide and other chemical containers
    • ", + "
  • plastics such as silage wrap, bags and sheets
    • ", + "
  • tyres, batteries, clinical waste, old machinery and oil
    • ", + "

    You must use a licensed facility to get rid of solid waste - it\u2019s against the law to dump or burn it.

    ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency or your local authority for information on how to get rid of solid waste.

    ", + "

    Some biodegradable waste can be composted. Composting plants must be registered with the Environment Agency. You may need an environmental permit for on-site composting of some materials.

    ", + "

    Transporting horses

    ", + "

    You should not transport a horse in a way that may cause it harm or distress. There are welfare regulations for transporting live animals, including for commercial reasons.

    ", + "

    Horses, ponies and donkeys must have a horse passport with them whenever they are transported.

    ", + "

    There are other rules you must follow if you\u2019re importing or exporting an animal, even if you\u2019re only transporting them overseas temporarily.

    ", + "

    Death and disease

    ", + "

    If you think that a horse has a notifiable disease then you must immediately contact your local Animal Health Office.

    ", + "

    Fallen stock

    ", + "

    If a horse dies or has to be put down on your premises, you will have to arrange its disposal as fallen stock under animal by-products (ABPs) controls.

    ", + "

    This includes:

    ", + "
  • entire animal bodies
    • ", + "
  • parts of animals
    • ", + "
  • products of animal origin
    • ", + "
  • other products obtained from animals that are not for human consumption.
    • ", + "

    You must deal with ABPs promptly to protect people, animals and the environment. In most cases, this will mean arranging for them to be taken away to approved premises, like:

    ", + "
  • rendering plants
    • ", + "
  • incinerators
    • ", + "
  • collection centres
    • ", + "
  • storage plants
    • ", + "

    Your local council can provide a list of approved premises for the disposal of ABPs.

    ", + "

    The National Fallen Stock Scheme is a not-for-profit scheme which helps farmers and animal owners to follow the law on disposing of fallen stock.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Health and safety using farm vehicles and machinery", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-for-farm-vehicles", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you own or manage a farm, you\u2019re responsible for ensuring the health and safety of your workers and anyone who\u2019s affected by what they do.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • carry out a assessment of any risks related to your farm
    • ", + "
  • have a plan to manage these risks and protect people from harm
    • ", + "
  • plan and set standards to be sure that your health and safety practices work
    • ", + "
  • check how you\u2019re doing through regular inspections and monitoring
    • ", + "

    You must make sure that all farming vehicles and equipment are:

    ", + "
  • safe to use
    • ", + "
  • appropriate for the jobs they are used for
    • ", + "
  • their safety risks are reduced as much as possible
    • ", + "

    Health and safety assessments

    ", + "

    The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has produced guidance to help farmers conduct health and safety assessments of their farms.

    ", + "

    The \u2018Farmwise\u2019 guide also provides information and guidance on health and safety for farm vehicles and machinery.

    ", + "

    Buying vehicles and equipment

    ", + "

    CE Mark

    ", + "

    Most new machines, vehicles or pieces of farming equipment you buy must be \u2018CE\u2019 marked. This mark means that it has been built to meet minimum legal safety requirements.

    ", + "

    Most new machines or pieces of equipment should also have:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018declaration of conformity\u2019 to show that it meets EU standards
    • ", + "
  • a manual
    • ", + "
  • information on noise levels
    • ", + "

    Second-hand equipment and vehicles

    ", + "

    Before using second hand machinery, you should:

    ", + "
  • make sure that it complies with the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998
    • ", + "
  • get the operator\u2019s manual or suitable instructions for use
    • ", + "
  • replace or repair any missing or damaged safety guards before use
    • ", + "

    Maintaining vehicles and equipment

    ", + "

    You must make sure that all your equipment is properly maintained and in good working order. You\u2019ll need to perform regular maintenance checks on all of your vehicles and machinery.

    ", + "

    You can find useful equipment maintenance checklists on the British Agricultural and Garden Machinery Association website.

    ", + "

    The Department for Transport also provides guidance on performing health checks on farm vehicles.

    ", + "

    You can find information on the safe use of agricultural machinery on the Health and Safety Executive website.

    ", + "

    Noise levels

    ", + "

    High levels of noise can damage hearing. By law, you must assess the level of noise in areas where people work for you. You must take action where noise exceeds certain levels.

    ", + "

    If you have noisy machinery or equipment, you should consider:

    ", + "
  • providing hearing protection for operators
    • ", + "
  • using barriers or screens to block sound
    • ", + "
  • using materials to absorb sound
    • ", + "
  • limiting the time spent in noisy environments
    • ", + "

    Read information from the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) on noise levels at work.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Planning permission for farms", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "contents": [ + "

    When you need it

    ", + "

    Farms are covered by the same planning regulations as other types of property. Some planning rules include special conditions for agricultural buildings and land.

    ", + "

    You need planning permission if:

    ", + "
  • you want to change how you use your land or buildings from farming to something else
    • ", + "
  • you want to build a house on the land
    • ", + "

    You will also usually need planning permission if you are applying for a grant to fund a project that needs a building or other development.

    ", + "

    When you don\u2019t need it

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need planning permission:

    ", + "
  • for farming operations
    • ", + "
  • to use buildings already on your land for farming purposes
    • ", + "
  • to change the inside of a building, or make small alterations to the outside - eg installing an alarm box
    • ", + "
  • if there are permitted development rights
    • ", + "

    Before starting work on the project, always check with:

    ", + "
  • your local planning authority in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • your local planning authority in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • you local area planning office in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    If you don\u2019t get planning permission when you need it you may have to stop work on the development or demolish it.

    ", + "

    Apply for planning permission

    ", + "

    In England and Wales, you can apply online at the Planning Portal.

    ", + "

    In Scotland you can apply online at ePlanning Scotland.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, you apply for planning permission to your local area planning office.

    ", + "

    Permitted development

    ", + "

    Permitted development means that if your farm is 5 hectares or more, you have the right to:

    ", + "
  • erect, extend or alter a building
    • ", + "
  • carry out excavations and engineering operations needed for agricultural purposes - though you may still require approval for certain details of the development.
    • ", + "

    The types of permitted development include:

    ", + "
  • temporary uses of land
    • ", + "
  • agricultural buildings below a certain size
    • ", + "
  • forestry buildings
    • ", + "
  • caravan sites and related buildings in some circumstances
    • ", + "

    Check with your local planning authority (or local area planning office in Northern Ireland) before making use of permitted development rights to make sure your development won\u2019t need planning permission.

    ", + "

    The Agricultural Document Library (ADLib) has policy planning guidance on permitted development and farms.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    The way you appeal and the deadlines for appealing are different depending on which country you\u2019re in. See the relevant planning guide for more information:

    ", + "
  • England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Register land with the Rural Land Register", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-land-rural-land-register", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must use the Rural Land Register (RLR) to register agricultural land.

    ", + "

    You can register any type of land or property with HM Land Registry.

    ", + "

    You must register your land with both the RLR and HM Land Registry to claim from most land-based funding schemes, including:

    ", + "
  • Environmental Stewardship schemes
    • ", + "
  • the English Woodland Grant Scheme
    • ", + "

    Register with your local Rural Payments and Inspections Directorate (RPID) office if your land is in Scotland.

    ", + "

    What to register

    ", + "

    You only need to register land that you want to claim payments on. This includes land that:

    ", + "
  • you farm
    • ", + "
  • qualifies for land-based payment schemes, for example because it has environmental value
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a complete set of maps showing your registered land.

    ", + "

    Who can register

    ", + "

    Customer registration

    ", + "

    You need to register as a customer with the Rural Payments Agency (RPA) before you register your land. You\u2019ll need to tell them:

    ", + "
  • the name and address of your business
    • ", + "
  • who is legally responsible for your business
    • ", + "
  • the address of your land, including the grid reference or postcode
    • ", + "
  • who your main contact person should be and what powers they should have
    • ", + "

    The main contact person can be yourself, a person legally responsible for your business or someone independent (an agent).

    ", + "

    You can give an agent full powers (empowerment) to deal with your land registration or partial powers (for example, they can access information but not change it).

    ", + "

    The Rural Payments Agency has produced a leaflet about the different levels of empowerment you can give your contact person.

    ", + "

    Call the RPA to give this information for the first time or change existing contact details for your business.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive a Single Business Identifier for your business, and each person will get a Personal Identifier. You\u2019ll need these to register your land.

    ", + "

    Landlords and tenants

    ", + "

    Either the landlord or the tenant can register land on the Rural Land Register, but the land can only be registered once.

    ", + "

    However, it\u2019s possible for the landlord to claim funds under one land scheme and their tenant to claim under another.

    ", + "

    How to register land or change a registration

    ", + "

    You can use the RLE1 form to:

    ", + "
  • register new land for the first time
    • ", + "
  • make changes to land already on the Rural Land Register, for example if the boundaries change or if you sell the land to someone else
    • ", + "

    Fill in the form and post it to the Rural Payments Agency (RPA). You can either download the form below or ask the RPA to send you a pre-printed copy.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give your Single Business Identifier - you\u2019ll get this when you complete the customer registration process for the first time.

    ", + "

    You also need to enclose a map with a visible scale if you\u2019re registering land for the first time, or if your boundaries have changed. Mark your land boundaries clearly with a fine-tipped pen.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on filling out form RLE1.

    ", + "

    Contacting the RPA

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    The Rural Land Register only covers land in England.

    ", + "

    If your land is in more than one country, you\u2019ll need to register each piece of land separately for each country.

    ", + "

    Contact the Rural Payments Agency if you have land in more than one country and have questions about your land in England.

    ", + "

    Use the numbers below if you have land in more than one country and have questions about land in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales.

    ", + "

    Land in Scotland

    ", + "

    Land in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Land in Wales

    ", + "

    Find out about call charges.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Report a suspected problem with an animal medicine or microchip", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-veterinary-medicine-problem", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can report an unexpected reaction to an animal medicine or microchip to the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). You can also report if an animal medicine has not worked.

    ", + "

    How you report the reaction depends on whether:

    ", + "
  • an animal has reacted to animal medicine or to a microchip
    • ", + "
  • a human has reacted to animal medicine
    • ", + "

    VMD will use the information you provide to help make sure that animal medicines and microchips are used safely and effectively.

    ", + "

    Report an animal's reaction to animal medicine

    ", + "

    You can report when a medicine may not have worked, or could have made your animal unwell.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked for details of:

    ", + "
  • the medicine, including batch number and marketing authorisation number if known
    • ", + "
  • the animal that was affected, for example the species, breed and age
    • ", + "
  • when and how the medicine was first given to the animal
    • ", + "
  • the symptoms
    • ", + "

    Send your report

    ", + "

    If you cannot report online

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the form for reporting reactions in animals. Send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Report an animal's reaction to a microchip

    ", + "

    You can report suspected incidents with animal microchips including:

    ", + "
  • a reaction to the chip being implanted, such as injury, infection or prolonged bleeding
    • ", + "
  • if a chip\u2019s moved from where it was implanted or has come out
    • ", + "
  • a chip that does not read properly
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the microchip number to make a report.

    ", + "

    Send your report

    ", + "

    Contact VMD if you cannot report the incident online.

    ", + "

    Report a person's reaction to animal medicine

    ", + "

    You can report a suspected reaction you or someone else has had to an animal medicine while using it on an animal, for example a skin allergy.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked for details of:

    ", + "
  • the medicine, including the batch number and marketing authorisation number (if you know it)
    • ", + "
  • the people affected - and how and when they came into contact with the medicine
    • ", + "
  • the symptoms
    • ", + "

    Send your report

    ", + "

    If you cannot report online

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the form for reporting reactions in humans. Send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Contact VMD

    ", + "

    Contact the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) Pharmacovigilance Team if you have any questions about reporting reactions.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Apply to register a trade mark", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-register-a-trade-mark", + "contents": [ + "

    Register a trade mark

    ", + "

    You can register your trade mark to protect your brand, for example the name of your product or service.

    ", + "

    When you register your trade mark, you\u2019ll be able to:

    ", + "
  • take legal action against anyone who uses your brand without your permission, including counterfeiters
    • ", + "
  • put the \u00ae symbol next to your brand - to show that it\u2019s yours and warn others against using it
    • ", + "
  • sell and license your brand
    • ", + "

    How to register a trade mark

    ", + "
  • Check if your brand qualifies as a trade mark.
    • ", + "
  • Apply to register your trade mark.
    • ", + "
  • Respond to any objections.
    • ", + "

    The registration process takes about 4 months if no-one objects. Registered trade marks last 10 years.

    ", + "

    Register your trade mark overseas

    ", + "

    Registering a trade mark in the UK only protects your brand in the UK.

    ", + "

    There are different processes for registering EU and international trade marks.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot register

    ", + "

    Your trade mark must be unique. It can include:

    ", + "
  • words
    • ", + "
  • sounds
    • ", + "
  • logos
    • ", + "
  • colours
    • ", + "
  • a combination of any of these
    • ", + "

    Your trade mark cannot:

    ", + "
  • be offensive, for example contain swear words or pornographic images
    • ", + "
  • describe the goods or services it will relate to, for example the word \u2018cotton\u2019 cannot be a trade mark for a cotton textile company
    • ", + "
  • be misleading, for example use the word \u2018organic\u2019 for goods that are not organic
    • ", + "
  • be a 3-dimensional shape associated with your trade mark, for example the shape of an egg for eggs
    • ", + "
  • be too common and non-distinctive, for example be a simple statement like \u2018we lead the way\u2019
    • ", + "
  • look too similar to state symbols like flags or hallmarks, based on World Intellectual Property Organization guidelines
    • ", + "

    Series applications

    ", + "

    If you have similar versions of your trade mark, you can make a series application for up to 6 marks.

    ", + "

    All your marks should:

    ", + "
  • look the same
    • ", + "
  • sound the same
    • ", + "
  • mean the same
    • ", + "

    Any differences must be minor.

    ", + "

    Check if your trade mark is already registered

    ", + "

    Before you apply, you must search the trade marks database to check if anyone has already registered an identical or similar trade mark for the same or similar goods or services.

    ", + "

    You must also check the EU trade marks register on the European Union Intellectual Property Office website for any EU applications that were \u2018pending\u2019 on 1 January 2021. These applications have priority over yours.

    ", + "

    You can ask the holder of an existing trade mark for permission to register yours. They must give you a \u2018letter of consent\u2019 - you must send this letter with your application.

    ", + "

    You can use a trade mark attorney to help you with searches and registrations.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    This service will be unavailable from 6am to 4pm on Saturday 26 June.

    ", + "

    You cannot change your trade mark once you\u2019ve applied, and the fees are non-refundable.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get feedback on your application (called an \u2018examination report\u2019) within 12 weeks (60 working days).

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    You must check if your trade mark is already registered.

    ", + "

    Read the guide to new applications before you start if you\u2019ve not applied before.

    ", + "

    Apply to register a trademark

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • details of what you want to register, for example a word, illustration or slogan
    • ", + "
  • the trade mark classes you want to register in, for example food and drink services (class 43) or chemicals (class 1)
    • ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    You can use the \u2018Right Start\u2019 service if you want to check your application meets the rules for registration.

    ", + "

    You pay \u00a3100 initially, plus \u00a350 for each additional class. You\u2019ll then get a report telling you if your application meets the rules.

    ", + "

    If you want to continue, you must pay the full fee within 28 days of getting your report.

    ", + "

    You can also choose to continue your application even if it does not meet the rules for registration.

    ", + " | Fee | Each additional class", + "Standard application (online) | \u00a3170 | \u00a350", + "Right Start application (online) | \u00a3200 (\u00a3100 up front plus \u00a3100 if you go ahead with your registration) | \u00a350 (\u00a325 up front plus \u00a325 if you go ahead with your registration)", + "

    A series application for 3 or more marks costs an additional \u00a350 per mark.

    ", + "

    Other ways to apply

    ", + "

    Fill in the paper forms if you want to apply by post. It costs \u00a3200 for one class plus \u00a350 for each additional class.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get feedback on your application (an \u2018examination report\u2019) in up to 12 weeks (60 working days) - you have 2 months to resolve any problems.
    • ", + "
  • If the examiner has no objections your application will be published in the trade marks journal for 2 months, during which time anyone can oppose it.
    • ", + "
  • Your trade mark will be registered once any objections are resolved - you\u2019ll get a certificate to confirm this.
    • ", + "

    If your application is opposed

    ", + "

    The Intellectual Property Office will tell you if someone opposes your application.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • withdraw your application
    • ", + "
  • talk to the person making the opposition
    • ", + "
  • defend your application
    • ", + "

    You cannot register your trade mark until the matter is settled and may have to pay legal costs if you want to challenge the opposing party.

    ", + "

    Read guidance on your options following an opposition.

    ", + "

    Research previous trade mark decisions to help you with a dispute and prepare for a hearing.

    ", + "

    Once your trade mark is registered

    ", + "

    You must report any changes to your name, address or email address.

    ", + "

    You can object to other people\u2019s trade marks, for example if you think they are identical or similar to yours.

    ", + "

    You can sell, market, license and mortgage your trade mark.

    ", + "

    Your trade mark will last 10 years - you can renew it after that time.

    ", + "

    Unregistered trade marks

    ", + "

    You may be able to stop someone using a similar trade mark to yours on their goods and services (known as \u2018passing off\u2019), even if you have not registered it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to get legal advice from a trade mark attorney.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s harder to prove passing off than it is to defend a registered trade mark. To be successful you\u2019ll need to show that:

    ", + "
  • the mark is yours
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve built up goodwill associated with the mark
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been harmed in some way by the other person\u2019s use of the mark
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Defend your intellectual property", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/defend-your-intellectual-property", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to defend your intellectual property (IP) and to take action if someone\u2019s used it without permission (known as \u2018infringement\u2019).

    ", + "

    Examples of IP infringement include when someone:

    ", + "
  • uses, sells or imports your patented product or process
    • ", + "
  • uses all or some of your work under copyright without your permission
    • ", + "
  • makes, offers or sells your registered design for commercial gain
    • ", + "
  • uses a trade mark that\u2019s identical or similar to one you\u2019ve registered
    • ", + "

    You can take the following steps.

    ", + "
  • Get the other party to stop using your IP or come to an agreement with them, for example license your IP.
    • ", + "
  • Use mediation or another type of dispute resolution.
    • ", + "
  • Take legal action if you can\u2019t resolve the dispute by other means.
    • ", + "

    You may want to get help from an IP professional, such as a solicitor. The Intellectual Property Office (IPO) can also help.

    ", + "

    Report IP crime

    ", + "

    It can be a criminal offence to copy or use copyright material and registered trade marks and designs without permission.

    ", + "

    Report suspected IP crime to Trading Standards by contacting Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    You can also report it anonymously through:

    ", + "
  • Crimestoppers
    • ", + "
  • Action Fraud
    • ", + "

    Get help and advice

    ", + "

    An intellectual property (IP) professional can give you legal advice on a dispute, or act on your behalf.

    ", + "

    Find an IP professional through organisations including:

    ", + "
  • The Chartered Institute of Patent Attorneys
    • ", + "
  • The Chartered Institute of Trade Mark Attorneys
    • ", + "
  • The Law Society (England and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • The Law Society of Scotland
    • ", + "
  • The Law Society of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Contact the Intellectual Property Office (IPO)

    ", + "

    You can contact IPO for:

    ", + "
  • an opinion on whether your patent or supplementary protection certificate is being infringed - it costs \u00a3200
    • ", + "
  • to start legal proceedings over some types of IP dispute (this does not include copyright infringement)
    • ", + "
  • general advice on IP
    • ", + "

    Come to an agreement

    ", + "

    If someone is using your IP without your permission you can contact them and ask them to stop.

    ", + "

    You can be sued for making unjustified threats. You may want to seek legal advice before contacting the other party.

    ", + "

    Make a deal

    ", + "

    You can offer to make a deal with the other party, which is usually cheaper and quicker than going to court.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on how to license, sell, mortgage and market your:

    ", + "
  • copyright
    • ", + "
  • patent
    • ", + "
  • design
    • ", + "
  • trade mark
    • ", + "

    You can also come to a coexistence agreement with someone who has a similar trade mark.

    ", + "

    Use a mediator

    ", + "

    You can use a mediator if you can\u2019t come to an agreement over an intellectual property (IP) dispute.

    ", + "

    Mediation can be used in most IP disputes. This includes disputes about:

    ", + "
  • trade marks
    • ", + "
  • copyright
    • ", + "
  • designs
    • ", + "
  • patents
    • ", + "

    Mediation is a way of resolving disputes without going to court. It\u2019s cheaper and quicker than taking legal action and the outcome is usually beneficial to all parties.

    ", + "

    Mediators provide an independent view on a dispute. They can\u2019t make a decision for you, but they can help to find a solution that both parties accept.

    ", + "

    Discussions with a mediator are confidential and can\u2019t be used in court later if the dispute isn\u2019t resolved.

    ", + "

    IPO mediation service

    ", + "

    The Intellectual Property Office (IPO) has its own mediation service.

    ", + "

    What you will pay for mediation depends on the type and length of mediation session.

    ", + "

    Read guidance on IPO\u2019s mediation service, including information on fees.

    ", + "

    Other mediators you can use

    ", + "

    You can also use the:

    ", + "
  • Civil Mediation Council (England and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Mediation Network
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland Mediation
    • ", + "

    Take legal action

    ", + "

    You can file legal proceedings either through the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) or through the courts.

    ", + "

    Some types of proceedings can only be filed through one or the other. For example, copyright infringement claims can only be filed through the courts.

    ", + "

    A court will expect you to have tried to resolve your dispute - possibly using mediation - before starting legal proceedings.

    ", + "

    You can pay an Intellectual Property Professional to help you.

    ", + "

    File through IPO

    ", + "

    Contact IPO for more information on filing through them.

    ", + "

    File through the courts in England and Wales

    ", + "

    The court you go to depends on the nature, complexity and value of your claim.

    ", + "

    Claims below \u00a310,000

    ", + "

    Use the Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) small claims track if your claim is for less than \u00a310,000 and for infringement of one of the following:

    ", + "
  • copyright
    • ", + "
  • passing off
    • ", + "
  • trade marks
    • ", + "
  • breach of confidence
    • ", + "
  • unregistered design rights
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a lawyer to use the IPEC small claims track.

    ", + "

    Claims up to \u00a3500,000

    ", + "

    You can take a case for any IP right to the Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) if you do not wish to claim more than:

    ", + "
  • \u00a350,000 for legal costs
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3500,000 for damages
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming more than \u00a3500,000 in damages

    ", + "

    Use the Chancery Division of the High Court of England and Wales - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.

    ", + "

    File through the courts in Scotland

    ", + "

    Use the Court of Session if your claim is complex or valuable - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.

    ", + "

    File through the courts in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You can use the Chancery Division of the High Court of Northern Ireland if your claim is complex or valuable - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get copies of patent, trade mark or design registration documents", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-copies-of-intellectual-property-documents", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can get copies of documents if you need to prove who owns or has applied for a UK patent, trade mark or design registration.

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of copy \u2013 certified and uncertified.

    ", + "

    Certified copy

    ", + "

    This is an official document, also called a Certificate of the Registrar.

    ", + "

    You need a certified copy to:

    ", + "
  • register a piece of intellectual property (IP) outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • prove legal ownership of intellectual property, such as in a court case
    • ", + "

    Uncertified copy

    ", + "

    An uncertified copy is a photocopy or digital copy of the details on the register. You can use this for research or personal use.

    ", + "

    Request patent documents

    ", + "

    Use patents form 23 to apply for either a certified or uncertified copy of a patent.

    ", + "

    You must send a separate form for each certified copy you need, but you can make multiple requests on one form.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    You can request uncertified copies of patent documents online.

    ", + "

    How much they cost

    ", + "

    Certified copies cost \u00a320 each.

    ", + "

    Uncertified copies cost \u00a35.

    ", + "

    Uncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.

    ", + "

    Request trade marks documents

    ", + "

    Use form TM31R to get a certified copy of a trade mark.

    ", + "

    Certified copies cost \u00a320 each.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Uncertified copies

    ", + "

    Send an email to Intellectual Property Office (IPO) sales including:

    ", + "
  • the trade mark number
    • ", + "
  • your telephone number
    • ", + "
  • the address you want the photocopy sent to
    • ", + "

    Uncertified copies usually cost \u00a35 - large documents may cost more.

    ", + "

    Uncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.

    ", + "

    After you email, you\u2019ll get a quote and instructions on how you pay.

    ", + "

    Request design registration documents

    ", + "

    Use form DF23 to request a certified copy of a design registration or application.

    ", + "

    You should use one form for each certified copy you\u2019re requesting.

    ", + "

    Certified copies cost \u00a330 each.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Uncertified copies

    ", + "

    Send an email to Intellectual Property Office (IPO) sales including:

    ", + "
  • the design number
    • ", + "
  • your telephone number
    • ", + "
  • the address you want the photocopy sent to
    • ", + "

    Uncertified copies usually cost \u00a35 - large documents may cost more.

    ", + "

    Uncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.

    ", + "

    After you email, you\u2019ll get a quote and instructions on how you pay.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "How copyright protects your work", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/copyright", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Copyright protects your work and stops others from using it without your permission.

    ", + "

    You get copyright protection automatically - you don\u2019t have to apply or pay a fee. There isn\u2019t a register of copyright works in the UK.

    ", + "

    You automatically get copyright protection when you create:

    ", + "
  • original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic work, including illustration and photography
    • ", + "
  • original non-literary written work, such as software, web content and databases
    • ", + "
  • sound and music recordings
    • ", + "
  • film and television recordings
    • ", + "
  • broadcasts
    • ", + "
  • the layout of published editions of written, dramatic and musical works
    • ", + "

    You can mark your work with the copyright symbol (\u00a9), your name and the year of creation. Whether you mark the work or not doesn\u2019t affect the level of protection you have.

    ", + "

    How copyright protects your work

    ", + "

    Copyright prevents people from:

    ", + "
  • copying your work
    • ", + "
  • distributing copies of it, whether free of charge or for sale
    • ", + "
  • renting or lending copies of your work
    • ", + "
  • performing, showing or playing your work in public
    • ", + "
  • making an adaptation of your work
    • ", + "
  • putting it on the internet
    • ", + "

    Copyright overseas

    ", + "

    Your work could be protected by copyright in other countries through international agreements, for example the Berne Convention.

    ", + "

    In most countries copyright lasts a minimum of life plus 50 years for most types of written, dramatic and artistic works, and at least 25 years for photographs. It can be different for other types of work.

    ", + "

    Contact the IPO Information Centre if you have a question about international copyright.

    ", + "

    How long copyright lasts

    ", + "

    Copyright protection starts as soon as a work is created. Once your copyright has expired, anyone can use or copy your work.

    ", + "

    The length of copyright depends on the type of work.

    ", + "Type of work | How long copyright usually lasts", + "Written, dramatic, musical and artistic work | 70 years after the author\u2019s death", + "Sound and music recording | 70 years from when it\u2019s first published", + "Films | 70 years after the death of the director, screenplay author and composer", + "Broadcasts | 50 years from when it\u2019s first broadcast", + "Layout of published editions of written, dramatic or musical works | 25 years from when it\u2019s first published", + "

    The length of copyright also depends on how long ago the work was created.

    ", + "

    You can read more guidance about how long copyright lasts.

    ", + "

    Contact the IPO Information Centre if you have questions about the copyright of an older work.

    ", + "

    License and sell your copyright

    ", + "

    You can license the use of your work if you own the copyright. You can also decide how your work is used.

    ", + "

    You can register your work with a licensing body, for example a collecting society, who will agree licences with users for you and collect royalties for you.

    ", + "

    Sell or transfer your copyright

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to write and sign a document (sometimes called an \u2018assignment\u2019) to show a sale or transfer has taken place.

    ", + "

    Your copyright can be transferred by inheritance and will be valid as long as the work remains in copyright - check how long protection lasts.

    ", + "

    Moral rights

    ", + "

    You can keep or waive your \u2018moral rights\u2019, which include the right to:

    ", + "
  • be identified as the author of your work
    • ", + "
  • object to how the work is presented, for example if you think it\u2019s \u2018derogatory\u2019 or damaging to you or your reputation
    • ", + "
  • object to changes made to your work
    • ", + "

    Performers\u2019 rights

    ", + "

    You have rights in your performances separate to copyright if you\u2019re a performer.

    ", + "

    For example, if you\u2019re an actor in a play you may have \u2018economic rights\u2019 in any recordings or broadcasts of their performance, even if the copyright is sold.

    ", + "

    Stop people using your work

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for defending your copyright material against infringement.

    ", + "

    Some people or organisations (such as libraries or schools) may be able to use copyright work without permission. You should check whether someone\u2019s use of your work is permitted before trying to stop them.

    ", + "

    If you think someone is using your work and they don\u2019t know you own the rights

    ", + "

    People or organisations must apply for a licence if they want to use a work that\u2019s covered by copyright but don\u2019t know who the rights holder is.

    ", + "

    Check the licences register to see if anyone has licensed your work or is in the process of applying for a licence. If your work is on the register you can:

    ", + "
  • apply to have an application stopped
    • ", + "
  • claim the licence fee that\u2019s been paid (if a licence has already been issued)
    • ", + "

    If you have a dispute about licensing

    ", + "

    Your collecting society can contact the Copyright Tribunal and ask them to decide on some disputes about licensing.

    ", + "

    They can also contact them by post.

    ", + "

    Help with copyright law

    ", + "

    The IPO Information Centre offers general advice on copyright law.

    ", + "

    You can get advice on particular legal issues from an intellectual property (IP) professional.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019d like more guidance about an area of copyright law

    ", + "

    You can also ask IPO to publish guidance about an area of copyright law.

    ", + "

    They might publish a public \u2018copyright notice\u2019 if your question highlights a gap in the general copyright guidance.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Patenting your invention", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/patent-your-invention", + "contents": [ + "

    What you can patent

    ", + "

    You can use a patent to protect your invention. It gives you the right to take legal action against anyone who makes, uses, sells or imports it without your permission.

    ", + "

    To be granted a patent, your invention must be all of the following:

    ", + "
  • something that can be made or used
    • ", + "
  • new
    • ", + "
  • inventive - not just a simple modification to something that already exists
    • ", + "

    Patents are expensive and difficult to get. Before you apply, check if a patent is right for your business.

    ", + "

    What you cannot patent

    ", + "

    You cannot patent certain types of invention, including:

    ", + "
  • literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works
    • ", + "
  • a way of doing business, playing a game or thinking
    • ", + "
  • a method of medical treatment or diagnosis
    • ", + "
  • a discovery, scientific theory or mathematical method
    • ", + "
  • the way information is presented
    • ", + "
  • some computer programs or mobile apps
    • ", + "
  • \u2018essentially biological\u2019 processes like crossing-breeding plants, and plant or animal varieties
    • ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    Patents are the most difficult form of protection to get. Check if a patent is right for your business before you apply for one.

    ", + "

    You should only apply for a patent if:

    ", + "
  • your invention is new - check for similar ones by searching published patents, the internet and trade publications
    • ", + "
  • you have the time and money for the application process
    • ", + "

    The application process is:

    ", + "
  • complicated - only 1 in 20 applicants get a patent without professional help
    • ", + "
  • expensive - with professional help, applications typically cost \u00a34,000
    • ", + "
  • long - it usually takes 5 years
    • ", + "

    If you get a patent, you\u2019ll also have to pay to renew it each year and the costs of legal action if you need to defend it.

    ", + "

    Other ways to protect your intellectual property

    ", + "

    Other types of protection might be more appropriate for your business. For example, you can use:

    ", + "
  • trade marks - if you can create a brand and be first to market
    • ", + "
  • design rights - if how your product looks (rather than how it works) is important and innovative
    • ", + "
  • non-disclosure agreements to keep it secret before launch - this can provide enough protection if your product is likely to sell for only a short time
    • ", + "

    Getting help

    ", + "

    You can get a professional to help you decide whether a patent is right for your business.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get free advice by:

    ", + "
  • speaking to a patent attorney or other professional advisor - many offer basic advice for free
    • ", + "
  • attending an intellectual property (IP) clinic
    • ", + "
  • going to the British Library Business and IP Centre in London
    • ", + "

    This advice will be confidential.

    ", + "

    Do not talk to other people without a non-disclosure agreement, or you may not be able to patent your invention. You can get help with this from a patent attorney or solicitor.

    ", + "

    If you decide to apply

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve checked that a patent is right for your business, you should find a patent attorney or advisor. They will:

    ", + "
  • help you prepare your application correctly - you cannot add in additional information later
    • ", + "
  • give you the best chance of being granted a patent
    • ", + "
  • try to make your patent as commercially valuable as possible
    • ", + "

    You may be approached by companies offering to promote your invention for a fee. Get independent legal or financial advice before you agree to anything.

    ", + "

    Applying for a patent

    ", + "

    If you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process. Applications typically cost \u00a34,000 and the process usually takes 5 years. There are 8 steps if you apply for patent protection in the UK through the Intellectual Property Office (IPO).

    ", + "
  • Search for similar patents to make sure your invention is new.
    • ", + "
  • Prepare your patent application.
    • ", + "
  • File your patent application and request a search from IPO.
    • ", + "
  • Receive your search report (usually within 6 months) and decide whether you want to continue with your application.
    • ", + "
  • Your application will be published 18 months after you file it.
    • ", + "
  • Ask for a \u2018substantive examination\u2019 within 6 months of publication.
    • ", + "
  • Respond to comments from IPO\u2019s \u2018substantive examination\u2019. The examination may take place several years after you file your application.
    • ", + "
  • Your application will be granted or refused.
    • ", + "

    You can commercially benefit from your patent once it has been granted, for example license, sell or mortgage your patent.

    ", + "

    Do not make your invention public before you apply. You may not be able to patent it if you do.

    ", + "

    Other ways to get a UK patent

    ", + "

    You can also file a UK patent application through the:

    ", + "
  • European Patent Office (EPO)
    • ", + "
  • World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
    • ", + "

    Prepare your application

    ", + "

    If you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.

    ", + "

    A patent application is made up of 4 parts that need to meet specific criteria.

    ", + "

    You must include:

    ", + "
  • a description of your invention that allows others to see how it works and how it could be made
    • ", + "
  • legal statements that set out the technical features of your invention that are to be protected (known as \u2018claims\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a summary of all the important technical aspects of your invention (known as the \u2018abstract\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You should also include any drawings you need to illustrate your description.

    ", + "

    The fees are higher if your description has more than 35 pages or you include more than 25 claims.

    ", + "

    Read the patent application fact sheets for instructions on how to produce each part of your application.

    ", + "

    You have to submit your description and any drawings with your application form.

    ", + "

    You can file your claims and abstract once your patent is pending, but it\u2019s best if you submit all the parts together.

    ", + "

    Academic papers

    ", + "

    You can send academic papers as part of your patent application, to help describe your invention.

    ", + "

    You still need to send a description, drawings and claims.

    ", + "

    \u2018Statement of inventorship\u2019

    ", + "

    You need to complete a statement of inventorship if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re not the inventor
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s more than one inventor and they\u2019re not listed as applicants
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying on behalf of a company
    • ", + "

    The statement provides the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) with more information about who the inventor is and why you have the right to apply for the patent.

    ", + "

    Submit your \u2018statement of inventorship\u2019 online when you apply for a patent, or do it later by filing documents for a pending UK patent.

    ", + "

    Alternatively, download the \u2018statement of inventorship\u2019 form and send it with your application.

    ", + "

    Apply for a patent

    ", + "

    If you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.

    ", + "

    You can file a UK patent application with the Intellectual Property Office (IPO). Read the patent application fact sheets for instructions on how to produce each part of your application.

    ", + "

    You can apply either:

    ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "
  • by post
    • ", + "

    You can request and pay for your search and examination at this point or later in the process.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "Stage | Apply online | Apply by post", + "Application (if you pay when you apply) | \u00a360 | \u00a390", + "Application (if you pay later) | \u00a375 | \u00a3112.50", + "Search | \u00a3150 (plus \u00a320 for each claim over 25 claims) | \u00a3180 (plus \u00a320 for each claim over 25 claims)", + "Substantive examination | \u00a3100 (plus \u00a310 for each page of description over 35 pages) | \u00a3130 (plus \u00a310 for each page of description over 35 pages)", + "

    If you get a patent, you\u2019ll also have to pay to renew it to keep it in force.

    ", + "

    Get your patent granted more quickly

    ", + "

    You can get your application processed more quickly if you file your search and examination requests at the same time as you apply.

    ", + "

    This costs the same as applying separately and means they\u2019ll be processed at the same time.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get a \u2018fast grant\u2019 if, for example:

    ", + "
  • your invention has some sort of environmental benefit (green channel)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve already submitted a patent application for your invention at another patent office (Patent Prosecution Highway)
    • ", + "

    Read the patents fast grant guidance.

    ", + "

    Request your search and examination

    ", + "

    If you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.

    ", + "

    As part of the application process, you must pay for a patent search and a \u2018substantive examination\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can request the search either when you apply or later in the process.

    ", + "

    You must request your search within 12 months of your filing or priority date.

    ", + "

    You must request your examination within 6 months of publication.

    ", + "

    Patent search

    ", + "

    The Intellectual Property Office (IPO) carries out a search to check whether your invention is new and inventive.

    ", + "

    You have to request and pay for your search within 12 months of your filing date or priority date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent the results and told if any part of your application is not right.

    ", + "

    Read the search report factsheet.

    ", + "

    Search reports can take up to 6 months.

    ", + "

    Publication

    ", + "

    Your application will be published 18 months from your filing or priority date, provided it\u2019s complete and passes the search.

    ", + "

    The open part of your application, which includes your address, will be publicly available in the:

    ", + "
  • online patents journal on the IPO website
    • ", + "
  • IPO records
    • ", + "

    \u2018Substantive examination\u2019

    ", + "

    The examination checks whether your invention is new and inventive enough. It also checks that your description and claims match and are good enough to patent.

    ", + "

    The examination will show if your application meets the legal requirements. You\u2019ll be told what you need to do if it does not.

    ", + "

    You must request an examination of your patent application within 6 months of publication.

    ", + "

    Examinations can take place several years after you file your application.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply online or by post for both the search and examination.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can request your search and examination either:

    ", + "
  • with your initial application
    • ", + "
  • later in the process
    • ", + "

    You must request your search within 12 months of your filing or priority date and examination within 6 months of publication.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    Download the forms:

    ", + "
  • search request form
    • ", + "
  • examination request form
    • ", + "

    Fill in and post the forms. The address is on the forms.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a receipt with your application number and filing date (the date your application is received).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what to do next and when.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied you can mark your invention as \u2018patent pending\u2019 or \u2018patent applied for\u2019. You can either add the patent number and say that you applied for it in the UK, or use a web address instead if the patent number is online.

    ", + "

    If you use a web address, make sure the patent number and the product it relates to are clearly displayed on your website.

    ", + "

    If your patent is granted:

    ", + "
  • your application will be published in its final form
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be sent a certificate
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be responsible for renewing and defending your patent.

    ", + "

    File more documents once your patent is pending

    ", + "

    You may need to file more forms and documents once you have a patent pending (for example a form to request a search, or a document with your claims).

    ", + "

    You must send your claims, abstract, application fee and search fee within 12 months of your filing date.

    ", + "

    If your application includes a \u2018priority date\u2019 from an earlier application

    ", + "

    You must send your claims, abstract, application fee and search fee within whichever of the following is later:

    ", + "
  • 12 months of the date when you filed your previous application (the priority date)
    • ", + "
  • 2 months of your current filing date
    • ", + "

    Withdraw your application

    ", + "

    You can withdraw your application for any reason, for example to stop it becoming public.

    ", + "

    To stop your invention entering the public domain you must withdraw your application before it\u2019s published.

    ", + "

    You can ask for a withdrawal up to the day before the deadline given in your search report.

    ", + "

    Withdraw by email

    ", + "

    Email withdraw@ipo.gov.uk with your patent application number in the subject line.

    ", + "

    Clearly state that you want to withdraw in the body of the email.

    ", + "

    State why you have the authority to withdraw the application, for example that you\u2019re the applicant or their agent.

    ", + "

    Withdraw by post

    ", + "

    You can also withdraw by post - mark your request as urgent if there\u2019s less than 3 weeks until publication.

    ", + "

    Make a new application with a priority date

    ", + "

    You can withdraw your application and reapply if you want to change it for any reason, for example if you\u2019ve developed your invention since you first applied or have new information.

    ", + "

    You can use the filing date of your earlier application (known as the priority date) if your new application is made within 12 months.

    ", + "

    Terminated applications

    ", + "

    Your application will be terminated if you do not submit the right documents, forms and payment when asked to.

    ", + "

    You may be able to reopen your application if you apply within 12 months of termination.

    ", + "

    You need to be able to show:

    ", + "
  • why you failed to meet the requirements
    • ", + "
  • that the failure was not intentional
    • ", + "
  • when you became able to meet the requirements
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a3150 to apply - this is not refundable.

    ", + "

    Reopen your application

    ", + "

    Download the reinstatement request form.

    ", + "

    Send the form, your fee and any supporting evidence to IPO.

    ", + "

    If your request is granted, you must meet the requirements within 2 months.

    ", + "

    You can ask for an ex parte hearing if you\u2019re turned down, where you can put your case to a senior official.

    ", + "

    International patents

    ", + "

    A patent only protects your invention in the country where the patent is registered.

    ", + "

    For protection overseas, you can:

    ", + "
  • file a single application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) for protection in more than 140 countries
    • ", + "
  • file a single application with the European Patent Office (EPO) for protection in more than 30 countries in Europe
    • ", + "
  • apply separately to the patent office of each country where you want a patent
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on filing a patent abroad for basic information on filing for international protection.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Register a design", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-design", + "contents": [ + "

    Check if you can register your design

    ", + "

    You can register the look of a product you\u2019ve designed to stop people copying or stealing it.

    ", + "

    The look of your design includes the:

    ", + "
  • appearance
    • ", + "
  • physical shape
    • ", + "
  • configuration (or how different parts of a design are arranged together)
    • ", + "
  • decoration
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    Registering your design:

    ", + "
  • protects any aspect of your design, for example both the product\u2019s shape and decoration
    • ", + "
  • gives you the right to prevent others from using it for up to 25 years - you have to renew your registered design every 5 years
    • ", + "
  • makes taking legal action against infringement and copying more straightforward
    • ", + "

    Once registered you can display your registration number on your design.

    ", + "

    Shapes of objects may already be automatically protected by design right, but it\u2019s easier to protect your design if you register it.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot register

    ", + "

    To register your design, it must:

    ", + "
  • be new
    • ", + "
  • not be offensive (for example feature graphic images or words)
    • ", + "
  • be your own intellectual property
    • ", + "
  • not make use of protected emblems or flags (for example the Olympic rings or the Royal Crown)
    • ", + "
  • not be an invention or how a product works - you\u2019ll need a patent instead
    • ", + "

    You cannot protect the functionality of a design - for example a chair that folds down more quickly than others of the same kind.

    ", + "

    Search the registers

    ", + "

    Search all of the following design registers to check if your design is unique:

    ", + "
  • UK-registered designs
    • ", + "
  • EU Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO)
    • ", + "
  • World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO)
    • ", + "

    You can ask the Intellectual Property Office to search for you for \u00a324.

    ", + "

    Prepare your illustrations

    ", + "

    Your illustrations should:

    ", + "
  • show the design as it appears to the eye, using photographs, line drawings, computer-aided design (CAD) or rendered CAD
    • ", + "
  • show the design against a plain background, with no details hidden by shadows or reflections
    • ", + "
  • not contain text, measurements or other technical information
    • ", + "
  • not contain more than one view of the design
    • ", + "
  • not include anything that is not part of the design, for example another object or your hand
    • ", + "
  • be the same type, not a mixture (for example, all line drawings or all photographs)
    • ", + "
  • include the complete pattern and enough to show how the pattern repeats, if you want to register a surface pattern
    • ", + "

    Include up to 12 illustrations if you\u2019re applying online, with one view per file. Apply by post if you need to show more than 12 illustrations.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying by post, your illustrations should be on plain A4 paper.

    ", + "

    If your application is shown in colour, or contains tonal contrast, the Intellectual Property Office will assume that those elements are intended to form part of your design (unless you\u2019ve added a \u2018disclaimer\u2019).

    ", + "

    Colour included in these diagrams is used for illustrative purposes only.

    ", + "

    ", + "

    You may need to add more information to your illustrations to make it clear what you want to protect.

    ", + "

    If you're only registering part of an illustration

    ", + "

    You can add more information if you only want to register:

    ", + "
  • part of your illustration
    • ", + "
  • the shape, not the colour or surface pattern
    • ", + "

    You can either show or explain:

    ", + "
  • which parts of an illustration you want to protect - this is called a \u2018limitation\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the parts of an illustration you do not want to protect - this is called a \u2018disclaimer\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can do this by \u2018greying out\u2019 or circling parts of the illustration, or by adding a line of text.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can register your design online. It\u2019s cheaper than applying by post.

    ", + "Number of designs | Fee", + "One | \u00a350", + "Up to 10 | \u00a370", + "Up to 20 | \u00a390", + "Up to 30 | \u00a3110", + "Up to 40 | \u00a3130", + "Up to 50 | \u00a3150", + "

    You cannot claim back VAT as the fee is out of scope.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    Your application should include the following documents:

    ", + "
  • a completed application form - read the guidance notes before applying
    • ", + "
  • your prepared illustrations
    • ", + "Number of designs | Fee", + "One | \u00a360", + "Each additional design | \u00a340", + "

    You cannot claim back VAT as the fee is out of scope.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    The Intellectual Property Office will examine your application within 8 weeks (40 working days).

    ", + "

    If there are no objections and you have not asked to defer your registration, your design will be registered immediately.

    ", + "

    If there are any objections, you have 2 months to respond.

    ", + "

    You can request a hearing if you:

    ", + "
  • think your application has been dealt with unfairly
    • ", + "
  • disagree with the decision about your design
    • ", + "

    Your design will be added to the list of registered designs and made public. You can choose for it not to be made public by deferring your registration.

    ", + "

    Send forms and responses

    ", + "

    Send all forms, changes to your application or hearing requests to:

    ", + "

    How long it lasts

    ", + "

    You must renew your design registration every 5 years to keep it protected.

    ", + "

    Use your design

    ", + "

    Once registered you can license, sell or mortgage your design.

    ", + "

    Defer your registration

    ", + "

    You might want to defer registering your design, for example if you need more time to develop and market your product before it becomes public.

    ", + "

    You can ask that your design is not registered for up to 12 months when you apply.

    ", + "

    You must register a deferred design within 12 months of applying or your application will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to reapply, including paying the fee again.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re ready to register your design

    ", + "

    Post a deferred design registration form for each design to request registration. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Your design will be registered from the date you first filed your application.

    ", + "

    The fee to register a deferred design is \u00a340.

    ", + "

    You will not get the full protection of being registered until your application is registered and published.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Using somebody else's intellectual property", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can usually get permission to use someone else\u2019s intellectual property (IP) by buying the rights from them or getting their permission to use it.

    ", + "

    Using someone\u2019s trade mark, patent, copyright or design without their permission is known as \u2018IP infringement\u2019 and could lead to a fine, prison or both.

    ", + "

    Read about IP crime and enforcement for more information on the penalties.

    ", + "

    Trade marks

    ", + "

    To use an existing trade mark you should contact the current owner.

    ", + "

    Find the owner of a registered trade mark by searching the trade marks database.

    ", + "

    Licensing

    ", + "

    A licence is a formal agreement to use someone else\u2019s trade mark. You and the owner must agree the terms of the licence, for example the cost or how long it will last.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve agreed a licence to use the trade mark, fill in the form to record a licensee and post it. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Post an application to remove or amend the record of a licence when the licensing agreement ends or if you need to change it.

    ", + "

    The owner must sign any form you send, or you must send proof of the agreement with your application.

    ", + "

    Each application costs \u00a350.

    ", + "

    Buying

    ", + "

    You must tell IPO if you become the new owner of a trade mark, for example by buying it or as the result of a company merger.

    ", + "

    In some cases the owner may only sell you one part of a trade mark, for example they may not sell the right to register derivative marks. This is known as a \u2018partial assignment\u2019.

    ", + "

    Use either:

    ", + "
  • \u2018Application to record a change of ownership\u2019 form
    • ", + "
  • \u2018Application to record a partial assignment of goods and/or services\u2019 form
    • ", + "

    Each application costs \u00a350.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Coexistence agreements

    ", + "

    You may be able to use an identical trade mark (for example company name, logo) as someone else by making a coexistence agreement.

    ", + "

    This means you agree that both of you can continue to use the trade mark.

    ", + "

    Patents

    ", + "

    Contact the owner of the patent to see if they\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • license it to you
    • ", + "
  • sell it to you
    • ", + "

    Search the patent databases to find the current owner.

    ", + "

    Licensing

    ", + "

    Any licence arrangement, including cost, is made directly between you and the patent owner.

    ", + "

    You can ask Intellectual Property Office (IPO) for help to resolve patent disputes if you can\u2019t reach an agreement.

    ", + "

    IPO can\u2019t decide the exact terms of the licence (for example the price) but can decide:

    ", + "
  • what can and can\u2019t be part of a licence
    • ", + "
  • if the patent owner must grant you a licence (known as a \u2018compulsory licence under a patent\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Licence of right

    ", + "

    A patent with \u2018licence of right\u2019, means that the patent owners will give anyone a licence to use it.

    ", + "

    You must still agree with the owner on the terms of the licence before you can use the patent.

    ", + "

    You can ask IPO for help if you can\u2019t reach agreement.

    ", + "

    Registering your licence

    ", + "

    Register a licence agreement (or changes to an existing licence, for example cancellation) by filling in Patents form 21. Send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.

    ", + "

    Buying a patent

    ", + "

    When someone sells you a patent they must transfer ownership to you.

    ", + "

    You need a written document to record the transfer. This is known as an \u2018assignment\u2019 and must be signed by the person selling the patent.

    ", + "

    A solicitor can help you draw up this document.

    ", + "

    Fill in Patents form 21 and return it to the address on the form. Include a copy of your assignment.

    ", + "

    You can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.

    ", + "

    Copyright

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t copy or use copyright material without permission. For example, you can\u2019t buy a painting and then use copies of it for a book cover, or buy a CD and use a track from it in a film.

    ", + "

    To use something protected by copyright you must either:

    ", + "
  • agree a licence with the owner to use it
    • ", + "
  • buy or acquire the copyright
    • ", + "
  • confirm that your intended use falls within the exceptions to copyright
    • ", + "

    Finding a copyright owner

    ", + "

    A person can give permission if they are:

    ", + "
  • the person who made it (the creator), or their family or heirs
    • ", + "
  • the creator\u2019s employer, if it was created it as part of the creator\u2019s job
    • ", + "
  • a person who bought, acquired or licensed the rights
    • ", + "
  • an organisation representing the copyright owner
    • ", + "

    You may be able to find out who owns copyright from Writers, Artists and their copyright holders (WATCH).

    ", + "

    If you can\u2019t find out who the copyright owner is check if you need a licence to use the work.

    ", + "

    Licensing

    ", + "

    You must agree the terms of an agreement with the current owner to use all or part of copyright works.

    ", + "

    The licence agreement may allow you to use it for one or more specified purposes and may apply only for a limited time or in specific places.

    ", + "

    Exclusive use

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be the only person able to use something for the duration of the agreement.

    ", + "

    This includes the copyright owner, who won\u2019t be able to use it themselves while the agreement is in place.

    ", + "

    Limited use

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only be given permission to use something for one or more specific reasons, for example publishing a photograph in one edition of a magazine or using a song as the theme for one series of a TV show.

    ", + "

    You need to agree another licence if you want to use the material for something else.

    ", + "

    Creative Commons licence

    ", + "

    Some copyright owners release work under a Creative Commons licence.

    ", + "

    You must check what kind of use the licence allows.

    ", + "

    Buying copyright

    ", + "

    When you buy copyright the person you\u2019re buying from transfers the copyright to you.

    ", + "

    Once you own the copyright to something you can use it for anything you like, without the creator\u2019s express permission, as long as you respect their moral rights.

    ", + "

    You must have a written agreement, signed by the copyright owner, stating that they have transferred ownership of the copyright to you.

    ", + "

    Moral rights

    ", + "

    The creator may still have certain rights regarding how their work is used even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.

    ", + "

    Authors, playwrights, composers, artists and film directors have the moral right:

    ", + "
  • to be recognised as the creator of the work when copies are made available to the public
    • ", + "
  • to object to the work being altered in a way that has negative effect on their reputation
    • ", + "
  • to not have someone else\u2019s work falsely attributed to them
    • ", + "

    Performers, such as actors or dancers, have the moral right:

    ", + "
  • to be recognised as the performer of the piece
    • ", + "
  • to object to the performance being altered in a way that is damaging to their reputation
    • ", + "

    The creator or performer of a piece of work to which you own the copyright must tell you if they want to exercise these rights.

    ", + "

    They can choose whether or not to use their moral rights.

    ", + "

    Moral rights can\u2019t be sold or transferred in the same way as copyright. They last for as long as the piece of work is covered by copyright.

    ", + "

    Performers\u2019 rights

    ", + "

    Performers, for example in films or broadcasts, may still have \u2018economic rights\u2019 to some copyright material, even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.

    ", + "

    For example, if you\u2019ve bought the copyright to a filmed recording of a play you may still have to pay the actors if you broadcast it.

    ", + "

    Permitted use of copyright works

    ", + "

    You may not need permission if you\u2019re using a copyright work for the following reasons:

    ", + "
  • non-commercial research and private study
    • ", + "
  • criticism, review and reporting current events
    • ", + "
  • teaching in educational establishments
    • ", + "
  • helping disabled people
    • ", + "
  • recording for use at a later date
    • ", + "

    You may not need permission if you only want to use a \u2018less than a substantial\u2019 part of a copyright protected work. This is decided on a case by case basis.

    ", + "

    Generally something won\u2019t be less than a substantial part if it could be seen as an important part of the work, for example a frame from a film or the conclusions of a report.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice from an intellectual property professional before using copyrighted material, if you\u2019re in any doubt.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on exceptions to copyright for detailed information.

    ", + "

    Designs

    ", + "

    To use a registered design you must contact the current owner and either agree a licence to use the design or buy it from them.

    ", + "

    The licence between you and the design\u2019s owner will tell you:

    ", + "
  • what you can do with the design
    • ", + "
  • how long your licence will last
    • ", + "
  • what you have to pay - if anything
    • ", + "

    You can do anything with a design that you\u2019ve bought.

    ", + "

    Fill in and send form DF12A to register a licence or transfer ownership of the design - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Classify different types of waste", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-classify-different-types-of-waste", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must identify and classify your waste before you send it for recycling or disposal. This makes sure you or anyone handling your waste deals with it properly.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for dealing with hazardous waste or disposing of waste with a high level of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), (known as \u2018POPs waste\u2019).

    ", + "

    Filling in waste transfer or consignment notes

    ", + "

    You must describe your waste in the paperwork you give your waste contractor. This must include:

    ", + "
  • the waste classification code, also referred to as LoW (List of Waste) or EWC (European Waste Catalogue) code - classification codes for common types of waste are in the relevant parts of this guidance
    • ", + "
  • whether it\u2019s hazardous or POPs waste
    • ", + "
  • the type of premises or business where the waste was produced
    • ", + "
  • the name of the substance or substances
    • ", + "
  • the process that produced the waste
    • ", + "
  • a chemical and physical analysis of the waste and its components
    • ", + "
  • any special problems, requirements or knowledge related to the waste
    • ", + "

    If you cannot find a code for your waste

    ", + "

    Check the technical guidance on waste, it includes more information about waste classification and assessing waste.

    ", + "

    You must not use landfill waste acceptance criteria (WAC) results for waste classification purposes.

    ", + "

    How to find out if your waste is hazardous or POPs waste

    ", + "

    In most cases you can check the waste code or codes associated with your waste to see if they are hazardous and POPs waste. You must make sure your waste contractor can dispose of this waste properly.

    ", + "

    Some waste items have more than one classification, depending on the possible mix of substances in them.

    ", + "

    In these cases you must work out exactly what is in your waste, and how much of it is hazardous or POPs.

    ", + "

    Check the manufacturers\u2019 product safety data sheets for this information or carry out an assessment.

    ", + "

    Many products include orange and black danger symbols or red and white hazard pictograms to indicate they\u2019re hazardous.

    ", + "

    Some products (for example cosmetics and medicines) are not normally labelled with hazard symbols - check the product\u2019s safety data sheet.

    ", + "

    Read the technical guidance on waste and guidance on dealing with POPs waste) for more information on checking for hazardous substances and POPs.

    ", + "

    Mixing waste

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to mix hazardous or POPs waste with either non-hazardous or another hazardous waste.

    ", + "

    Check how to mix and store hazardous waste.

    ", + "

    You will usually need more than one code if you store more than one type of non-hazardous waste in your container.

    ", + "

    If you need more help

    ", + "

    Get advice from a specialist waste contractor if you\u2019re not sure whether it\u2019s hazardous or not.

    ", + "

    For more information, contact the Environment Agency.

    ", + "

    Construction and demolition waste

    ", + "

    The tables below list waste codes for common construction and demolition waste.

    ", + "

    You can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.

    ", + "

    Insulation and asbestos materials

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Insulation containing asbestos | Hazardous | 17-06-01*", + "Other insulation containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-06-03*", + "Other insulation materials | Non-hazardous | 17-06-04", + "Other construction materials containing asbestos | Hazardous | 17-06-05*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics

    ", + "

    This list excludes asbestos-containing materials - refer to the insulation and asbestos materials table for any waste with asbestos.

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Concrete | Non-hazardous | 17-01-01", + "Bricks | Non-hazardous | 17-01-02", + "Tiles and ceramics | Non-hazardous | 17-01-03", + "Concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics (alone or in mixtures) containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-01-06*", + "Concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics in mixtures, containing no hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 17-01-07", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Wood, glass and plastic

    ", + "

    This list excludes packaging wastes and domestic type recyclables - refer to the packaging section for related codes.

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Wood - untreated | Non-hazardous | 17-02-01", + "Glass - uncontaminated | Non-hazardous | 17-02-02", + "Plastic - excludes packaging waste | Non-hazardous | 17-02-03", + "Treated wood, glass, plastic (alone or in mixtures) containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-02-04*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Bituminous mixtures, coal tar and tar

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Bituminous mixtures containing coal tar | Hazardous | 17-03-01*", + "Other bituminous mixtures | Non-hazardous | 17-03-02", + "Coal tar and tarred products | Hazardous | 17-03-03*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Metallic waste, including cable

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Copper, bronze and brass | Non-hazardous | 17-04-01", + "Aluminium | Non-hazardous | 17-04-02", + "Lead | Non-hazardous | 17-04-03", + "Iron and steel | Non-hazardous | 17-04-05", + "Tin | Non-hazardous | 17-04-06", + "Mixed metals | Non-hazardous | 17-04-07", + "Metals containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-04-09*", + "Cables containing oil, coal tar and other hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-04-10*", + "Other cables | Non-hazardous | 17-04-11", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Soil, contaminated soil, stones and dredging spoil

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that your waste does not contain any hazardous substances to classify soil as non-hazardous - you\u2019ll always need to assess the soil before you hand it over to be collected.

    ", + "

    The presence of any fragments of asbestos-containing material in the soil results in a mixed hazardous waste - refer to the insulation and asbestos materials table for more guidance.

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Soil and stones containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-05-03*", + "Other soil and stones | Non-hazardous | 17-05-04", + "Dredging spoil containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-05-05*", + "Other dredging spoil | Non-hazardous | 17-05-06", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Gypsum

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Gypsum materials containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-08-01*", + "Other gypsum materials | Non-hazardous | 17-08-02", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Cement

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Un-used or un-set cement | Hazardous | 17-09-03*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Paints and varnishes

    ", + "

    Paints and varnishes of a type normally used by householders can be classified under the codes indicated in brackets if separated out from other waste.

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Hazardous | 08-01-11* (20-01-27*)", + "Not containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 08-01-12 (20-01-28)", + "Paint or varnish remover | Hazardous | 08-01-21*", + "Paint cans | Hazardous | Refer to packaging waste and recyclables section", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Adhesives and sealants

    ", + "

    Adhesives and sealants of a type normally used by householders can be classified under the codes indicated in brackets if separated out from other waste.

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Hazardous | 08-04-09* (20-01-27*)", + "Not containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 08-04-10 (20-01-28)", + "Adhesive or sealant containers | Hazardous | Refer to packaging waste and recyclables section", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Packaging waste and recyclables

    ", + "

    The tables below list waste codes for common packaging and domestic type recyclable wastes.

    ", + "

    You can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.

    ", + "

    Containers must be empty to be classified as packaging waste.

    ", + " | Waste status | Plastic | Metal | Paper and cardboard | Glass | Textiles", + "Clean packaging | Non-hazardous | 15-01-02 | 15-01-04 | 15-01-01 | 15-01-07 | 15-01-09", + "Other clean material, unmixed - excluding packaging | Non-hazardous | 20-01-39 | 20-01-40 | 20-01-01 | 20-01-02 | 20-01-11", + "Mixed clean material - including packaging | Non-hazardous | 15-01-02 and 20-01-39 | 15-01-04 and 20-01-40 | 15-01-01 and 20-01-01 | 15-01-07 and 20-01-02 | 15-01-09 and 20-01-10", + "Empty packaging contaminated with residues of hazardous substances, for example paint cans, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and drums | Hazardous | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10*", + "Empty packaging contaminated with residues of non-hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 15-01-02 | 15-01-04 | 15-01-01 | 15-01-07 | 15-01-09", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Electronic and electrical equipment

    ", + "

    These tables list common waste codes for batteries, lightbulbs and electrical devices.

    ", + "

    You need to include all relevant classification codes if you place waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) that would be assigned different codes in the same container.

    ", + "

    Hazardous substances or persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in waste electricals

    ", + "

    WEEE often has components that contain hazardous substances or persistent organic pollutants (POPs). These could include:

    ", + "
  • printed circuit boards
    • ", + "
  • plastic casings, cables and other components
    • ", + "
  • insulation foam
    • ", + "
  • cooling agents
    • ", + "
  • flame retardants
    • ", + "
  • activated glass and screen phosphors
    • ", + "
  • cathode ray tubes
    • ", + "
  • capacitors
    • ", + "
  • Ni-Cd batteries
    • ", + "

    If the levels of hazardous substances or POPs are over a certain amount the item will be classified as hazardous or POPs waste.

    ", + "

    If your WEEE is POPs waste you cannot reuse or recycle it.

    ", + "

    There are special rules about:

    ", + "
  • where you can export WEEE that contains POPs
    • ", + "
  • dealing with hazardous waste
    • ", + "
  • disposing of POPs waste
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve assessed your waste and are still not sure if an item is hazardous or POPs waste, you should treat it as hazardous and POPs waste as a precaution.

    ", + "

    Read technical guidance on how to assess waste and identifying POPs waste.

    ", + "

    Televisions, computer monitors and other display devices

    ", + "

    Components such as screens, circuit boards, batteries or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs.

    ", + " | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial", + "Cathode ray tube (CRT), flatscreen (plasma or LCD) containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* | 16-02-13*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Fridges, freezers, chillers and air-conditioning units

    ", + "

    Components such as circuit boards, motors and any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs. Coolants and foam may also be hazardous. Usually there is not enough POPs for the item to be classified as POPs waste.

    ", + " | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial", + "Containing ozone-depleting substances as foam blowing agents or coolants | Hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-23* | 16-02-11*", + "Other | Hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-35* | 16-02-13*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Large domestic appliances (LDA): white goods (washing machines, tumble driers, dishwashers and cookers)

    ", + "

    Components such as circuit boards, motors or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs. Usually there is not enough for the item to be classified as hazardous or POPs waste.

    ", + " | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial", + "Large domestic appliances: white goods | Non-hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-36 | 16-02-14", + "

    Small mixed WEEE

    ", + "

    These are small household-type electrical items collected from homes or businesses.

    ", + "

    Components such as screens, circuit boards, batteries or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs.

    ", + " | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial", + "Small mixed WEEE containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Other household-type electricals from homes or businesses

    ", + "

    These are waste electrical items collected from households or businesses that are not already listed and are separated from small mixed WEEE.

    ", + "

    Components such as screens, circuit boards, batteries or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs.

    ", + " | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial", + "Cat 1: Large household appliances (other than LDA white goods) containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "Cat 2: Small household appliances containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "Cat 3: IT and telecommunication equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "Cat 4: Consumer equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "Cat 5: Lighting equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "Cat 6: Electronic and electrical tools containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "Cat 7: Toys, leisure and sporting equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Lightbulbs and lamps

    ", + "

    Components such as circuit boards, plastic parts or casings may contain POPs and hazardous chemicals, such as flame retardants.

    ", + "

    You must check the levels of hazardous substances and POPs in the bulbs before you can classify the waste. Read guidance on assessing WEEE for hazardous substances or POPs.

    ", + " | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial", + "Fluorescent tubes and low energy - excluding LED and other gas-discharge lamps | Hazardous | 20-01-21* | 16-02-13*", + "LED, halogen and incandescent containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* | 16-02-13*", + "LED, halogen and incandescent not containing hazardous components | Non-hazardous | 20-01-36 | 16-02-14", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Batteries

    ", + " | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial", + "Lead acid (vehicle) | Hazardous | 16-06-01* | 16-06-01*", + "Lead acid (other) | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | 16-06-01*", + "Nickel-Cadmium | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | 16-06-02*", + "Mercury containing | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | 16-06-03*", + "Alkaline | Non-hazardous | 20-01-34 | 16-06-04", + "Other - Lithium or Lithium ion | Non-hazardous | 20-01-34 | 16-06-05", + "Mixed household-type batteries - separately collected | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | Not allowed", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Other WEEE, parts and components

    ", + "

    If your waste is not listed, you can find more classes in the guidance on classifying waste from dismantling or treating WEEE.

    ", + "

    Vehicle and oily wastes

    ", + "

    The tables below list waste codes for common wastes produced by vehicle maintenance and dismantling activities.

    ", + "

    You can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.

    ", + "

    Vehicle fluids and other oils

    ", + "

    You must not mix any of the following fluids:

    ", + "
  • mineral oils
    • ", + "
  • cooking oils
    • ", + "
  • halogenated oils
    • ", + "
  • brake fluids
    • ", + "
  • anti-freeze
    • ", + "
  • washer fluids
    • ", + "
  • oily waters
    • ", + "

    Vehicle and other oils

    ", + " | Waste status | Contains PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) | Mineral-based and chlorinated | Mineral-based and non-chlorinated | Synthetic | Readily biodegradable | Other oils", + "Hydraulic oils | Hazardous | 13-01-01* | 13-01-09* | 13-01-10* | 13-01-11* | 13-01-12* | 13-01-13*", + "Engine, gear and lubricating oils | Hazardous | Not applicable | 13-02-04* | 13-02-05* | 13-02-06* | 13-02-07* | 13-02-08*", + "Insulating and transmission oils | Hazardous | 13-03-01* | 13-03-06* | 13-03-07* | 13-03-08* | 13-03-09* | 13-03-10*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Interceptor wastes

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Interceptor sludges | Hazardous | 13-05-03*", + "Oily water from interceptor | Hazardous | 13-05-07*", + "Solid waste from interceptor | Hazardous | 13-05-01*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Fuels, brake and anti-freeze fluids

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Fuel oil and diesel | Hazardous | 13-07-01*", + "Petrol | Hazardous | 13-07-02*", + "Other fuels, including mixed fuels from mis-fuelling | Hazardous | 13-07-03*", + "Brake fluids | Hazardous | 16-01-13*", + "Antifreeze containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 16-01-14*", + "Antifreeze not containing hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 16-01-15", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Vehicles and their components

    ", + "

    The waste code for end-of-life (no longer usable) tyres is 16-01-03.

    ", + "

    Vehicles

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "End-of-life vehicles - un-depolluted | Hazardous | 16-01-04*", + "End-of-life vehicles - depolluted | Non-hazardous | 16-01-06", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Components, including oil filters

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Oil filters | Hazardous | 16-01-07*", + "Components containing mercury | Hazardous | 16-01-08*", + "Components containing PCBs | Hazardous | 16-01-09*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Air bags

    ", + "

    The waste code for explosive components (for example air bags) is 16-01-10*.

    ", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Brake pads

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Brake pads containing asbestos | Hazardous | 16-01-11*", + "Other brake pads | Non-hazardous | 16-01-12", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Car batteries

    ", + "

    The waste code for lead acid car batteries is 16-06-01*.

    ", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Catalytic converters

    ", + "

    The waste code for catalytic converters is 16 01 21*, or 16 01 22 for those that do not contain refractory ceramic fibres (RCF).

    ", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    End-of-life vehicle wastes

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Ferrous metal | Non-hazardous | 16-01-17", + "Non-ferrous metal | Non-hazardous | 16-01-18", + "Plastic | Non-hazardous | 16-01-19", + "Vehicle glass | Non-hazardous | 16-01-20", + "

    Contaminated materials

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Clothing, absorbents or wiping cloths contaminated with hazardous substances | Hazardous | 15-02-02*", + "Clothing, absorbents or wiping clothes contaminated with non-hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 15-02-03", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Healthcare and related wastes

    ", + "

    The tables below list waste codes for common healthcare and related wastes.

    ", + "

    You can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.

    ", + "

    Additional guidance

    ", + "

    Check the guide to the safe management of healthcare waste for additional information about classifying clinical and healthcare waste.

    ", + "

    Offensive waste

    ", + "

    \u2018Offensive waste\u2019 is non-clinical waste that\u2019s non-infectious and does not contain pharmaceutical or chemical substances, but may be unpleasant to anyone who comes into contact with it.

    ", + " | Examples | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare", + "Healthcare offensive waste | Outer dressings and protective clothing like masks, gowns and gloves that are not contaminated with body fluids, and sterilised laboratory waste | Non-hazardous | 18-01-04 | 18-02-03", + "Municipal offensive waste | Hygiene waste and sanitary protection like nappies and incontinence pads | Non-hazardous | 20-01-99 | 20-01-99", + "

    You must segregate healthcare offensive waste from both clinical and mixed municipal wastes.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve produced more than 7kg of municipal offensive waste, or have more than one bag in a collection period, you must segregate it from any mixed municipal waste.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve produced less, you can dispose of your municipal offensive waste in your mixed municipal waste (\u2018black bag\u2019). Use classification code 20-03-01.

    ", + "

    Plaster and similar wastes

    ", + "

    Most plaster waste is non-infectious.

    ", + "

    It should be kept separately from any plaster waste that\u2019s infectious, which must be placed in the bagged infectious clinical waste stream.

    ", + " | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare", + "Plaster and similar wastes, for example from dentistry and fracture clinics | Non-hazardous | 18-01-04 | 18-02-03", + "

    Waste medicines

    ", + "

    A medicine is considered to be cytotoxic or cytostatic for waste classification purposes if it\u2019s any of the following:

    ", + "
  • acutely toxic
    • ", + "
  • carcinogenic
    • ", + "
  • mutagenic
    • ", + "
  • toxic for reproduction
    • ", + " | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare", + "Cytotoxic and cytostatic medicines | Hazardous | 18-01-08* | 18-02-07*", + "Other medicines | Non-hazardous | 18-01-09 | 18-02-08", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Household medicines returned to a community pharmacy should be coded as follows:

    ", + "
  • cytotoxic and cytostatic medicines: 20-01-31*
    • ", + "
  • other medicines: 20-01-32
    • ", + "

    Sharps and related waste

    ", + " | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare", + "Cytotoxic and cytostatic contaminated | Hazardous | 18-01-08* and 18-01-03* | 18-02-07* and 18-02-02*", + "Other medicinally contaminated | Hazardous | 18-01-03* and 18-01-09 | 18-02-02* and 18-02-08", + "Non-medicinally contaminated | Hazardous | 18-01-03* | 18-02-02*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Anatomical waste

    ", + " | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare", + "Not chemically preserved - infectious | Hazardous | 18-01-03* | 18-02-02*", + "Not chemically preserved - non-infectious | Non-hazardous | 18-01-02 | 18-02-03", + "Chemically preserved - infectious or non-infectious | Hazardous | 18-01-06* and 18-01-02*/03 | 18-02-05* and 18-02-02*/03", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Bagged clinical waste

    ", + "

    You must only put waste items that are both infectious and chemically contaminated (for example some samples and diagnostic kits) in the yellow bag waste stream.

    ", + " | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare", + "Infectious clinical waste (no chemicals or pharmaceuticals) - orange bag | Hazardous | 18-01-03* | 18-02-02*", + "Infectious clinical waste - yellow bag | Hazardous | 18-01-03* and 18-01-06* | 18-02-02* and 18-02-05*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Laboratory chemicals and photochemicals

    ", + "

    You must classify photochemicals and film, including X-ray related products, with codes from chapter 9 of the waste code section in the technical guidance on waste.

    ", + " | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare", + "Other chemicals - hazardous | Hazardous | 18-01-06* | 18-02-05*", + "Other chemicals - non-hazardous | Non-hazardous | 18-01-07 | 18-02-06", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Contaminated land", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contaminated-land", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Land can be contaminated by things like:

    ", + "
  • heavy metals, such as arsenic, cadmium and lead
    • ", + "
  • oils and tars
    • ", + "
  • chemical substances and preparations, like solvents
    • ", + "
  • gases
    • ", + "
  • asbestos
    • ", + "
  • radioactive substances
    • ", + "

    What counts as contaminated land

    ", + "

    Land is legally defined as \u2018contaminated land\u2019 where substances are causing or could cause:

    ", + "
  • significant harm to people, property or protected species
    • ", + "
  • significant pollution of surface waters (for example lakes and rivers) or groundwater
    • ", + "
  • harm to people as a result of radioactivity
    • ", + "

    Contaminated land may previously have been used as a:

    ", + "
  • factory
    • ", + "
  • mine
    • ", + "
  • steel mill
    • ", + "
  • refinery
    • ", + "
  • landfill
    • ", + "

    Special sites

    ", + "

    Some types of contaminated land are classed as \u2018special sites\u2019. This includes land that:

    ", + "
  • seriously affects drinking waters, surface waters or important groundwater sources
    • ", + "
  • has been, or is being, used for certain industrial activities, such as oil refining or making explosives
    • ", + "
  • is being or has been regulated using a permit issued under the integrated pollution control or pollution prevention and control regimes
    • ", + "
  • has been used to get rid of waste acid tars
    • ", + "
  • is owned or occupied by the Ministry of Defence
    • ", + "
  • is contaminated by radioactivity
    • ", + "
  • is a nuclear site
    • ", + "

    The Environment Agency has technical guidance on special sites.

    ", + "

    Once a local council has decided that an area is a special site, it is regulated by:

    ", + "
  • the Environment Agency in England
    • ", + "
  • Natural Resources Wales in Wales
    • ", + "
  • the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Who decides if land is contaminated

    ", + "

    Your local council or an environment agency will decide if your land is contaminated.

    ", + "

    Your land could be investigated for a number of reasons, including when:

    ", + "
  • land is sold, let, used or otherwise transferred
    • ", + "
  • land is proposed for development
    • ", + "
  • local councils inspect land in their area
    • ", + "
  • an application is made for an environmental permit or other licence
    • ", + "
  • land is polluted
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council if you believe your land is contaminated.

    ", + "

    Dealing with contamination

    ", + "

    The rules for who\u2019s responsible for contamination and how to deal with it depend on whether the land is legally considered \u2018contaminated land\u2019.

    ", + "

    If the land counts as contaminated land

    ", + "

    If the land is legally considered \u2018contaminated land\u2019, the person who caused or allowed the contamination to happen is responsible for dealing with it, unless:

    ", + "
  • they can\u2019t be identified
    • ", + "
  • the local council or environment agency investigating the issue decides they\u2019re exempt
    • ", + "

    The council or agency will then decide who\u2019s responsible for dealing with it instead. This may be the landowner, or the person who uses the land.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The council or agency will:

    ", + "
  • decide how the land should be dealt with
    • ", + "
  • ask the responsible person to deal with the contamination
    • ", + "
  • tell them how they should take care of it (clean it up or fence it off, for example)
    • ", + "

    If the person doesn\u2019t deal with the contamination, the council or agency will send a \u2018remediation notice\u2019, telling them when they must take care of it by.

    ", + "

    You can agree a voluntary scheme with the council or agency if you\u2019re responsible for part or all of the clean up. You must tell them what steps you\u2019ll take to clean up the land.

    ", + "

    If the land doesn\u2019t count as contaminated land

    ", + "

    If the land isn\u2019t legally considered \u2018contaminated land\u2019, you could be responsible for dealing with the contamination if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • responsible for causing it
    • ", + "
  • the landowner
    • ", + "

    You may face legal action if you don\u2019t deal with contamination that you\u2019re responsible for. Find out how to manage contamination on your land.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re developing the land

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to deal with the contamination either:

    ", + "
  • before you get planning permission
    • ", + "
  • as part of the development
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council to check what you must do to make sure the land is suitable for your proposed development.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Dispose of business or commercial waste", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/managing-your-waste-an-overview", + "contents": [ + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • keep waste to a minimum by doing everything you reasonably can to prevent, reuse, recycle or recover waste (in that order) - get help to do this
    • ", + "
  • sort and store waste safely and securely
    • ", + "
  • complete a waste transfer note for each load of waste that leaves your premises
    • ", + "
  • check if your waste carrier is registered to dispose of waste
    • ", + "
  • not allow the waste carrier to dispose of your waste illegally (and report them to Crimestoppers if they do)
    • ", + "

    You have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re dealing with hazardous waste.

    ", + "

    What counts as business waste

    ", + "

    Any waste that comes from a commercial activity is business waste. If you use part of your home to run your business then any waste from that part is business waste.

    ", + "

    Business waste also includes any waste that comes from:

    ", + "
  • construction
    • ", + "
  • demolition
    • ", + "
  • industry
    • ", + "
  • agriculture
    • ", + "

    Check what you need to do in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    Disposing of your own waste

    ", + "

    You must register as a waste carrier if you want to dispose of your own waste regularly. Apply to register in:

    ", + "
  • England
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Depending on what you\u2019re doing, you may also need to apply for a waste permit.

    ", + "

    Moving waste between countries

    ", + "

    You cannot move waste between countries for disposal, for example to send it to landfill. You can usually only import or export waste to recover it, such as using waste to produce energy.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on waste imports and exports.

    ", + "

    Sorting and storing waste

    ", + "

    You must store waste safely and securely. To do this:

    ", + "
  • store waste in a secure place
    • ", + "
  • use suitable containers that will stop waste escaping
    • ", + "
  • label containers clearly with the type of waste they contain
    • ", + "
  • use covers to stop waste blowing away
    • ", + "
  • use waterproof covers if rain could cause contaminated run-off or prevent the waste from being reused
    • ", + "

    You have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re storing hazardous waste.

    ", + "

    Store different types of waste separately, so that:

    ", + "
  • they do not contaminate each other
    • ", + "
  • they can be reused more easily
    • ", + "
  • you can complete the waste transfer note correctly
    • ", + "

    Waste transfer notes

    ", + "

    For each load of non-hazardous waste you move off your premises, you need a waste transfer note or a document with the same information, such as an invoice.

    ", + "

    Register online to:

    ", + "
  • fill in a waste transfer note for a single load of waste
    • ", + "
  • create a season ticket for a series of loads
    • ", + "

    Or download a waste transfer note to fill in and sign on paper.

    ", + "

    Your business and the business taking your waste both need to:

    ", + "
  • Fill in the sections of the waste transfer note that apply to you.
    • ", + "
  • Sign it.
    • ", + "
  • Keep a copy for 2 years.
    • ", + "
  • Show it to an enforcement officer from your local council or the Environment Agency if asked.
    • ", + "

    You must include enough information to help the business taking your waste to handle and dispose of it safely.

    ", + "

    Contacts

    ", + "

    Contact the organisation in your region if you have any questions about business and commercial waste.

    ", + "

    England

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    Wales

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Environmental taxes, reliefs and schemes for businesses", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-taxes-and-reliefs", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Environmental taxes encourage your business to operate in a more environmentally friendly way. There are taxes and schemes for different types and size of business.

    ", + "

    You may get reliefs or be exempt from some taxes, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you use a lot of energy because of the nature of your business
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a small business that does not use much energy
    • ", + "
  • you buy energy-efficient technology for your business
    • ", + "

    You can pay less tax by applying for schemes to help you demonstrate that you\u2019re operating more efficiently and producing waste that\u2019s less damaging.

    ", + "

    Climate Change Levy

    ", + "

    Climate Change Levy (CCL) is paid at either the:

    ", + "
  • main rates
    • ", + "
  • carbon price support (CPS) rates
    • ", + "

    Main rates

    ", + "

    You pay CCL at the main rate on:

    ", + "
  • electricity
    • ", + "
  • gas
    • ", + "
  • solid fuels - like coal, lignite, coke and petroleum coke
    • ", + "

    The CCL main rates are listed on your business\u2019s energy bill.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detailed information on Climate Change Levy rates and allowances.

    ", + "

    Who it applies to

    ", + "

    You pay the main rates of CCL if your business is in one of the following sectors:

    ", + "
  • industrial
    • ", + "
  • commercial
    • ", + "
  • agricultural
    • ", + "
  • public services
    • ", + "

    You do not pay the main rate of CCL on certain supplies, for example if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • business that uses small amounts of energy
    • ", + "
  • domestic energy user
    • ", + "
  • charity engaged in non-commercial activities
    • ", + "

    Fuels that are exempt

    ", + "

    Electricity, gas and solid fuel are normally exempt from the main rates of CCL if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they will not be used in the UK
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re supplied to or from certain combined heat and power (CHP) schemes registered under the CHP quality assurance (CHPQA) programme
    • ", + "
  • the electricity was generated from renewable sources before 1 August 2015
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re used to produce electricity in a generating station which has a capacity of 2MW or greater
    • ", + "
  • they will not be used as fuel
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re used in certain forms of transport
    • ", + "

    There are other exemptions and reliefs.

    ", + "

    Pay a reduced rate

    ", + "

    You can get a reduction on the main rates of CCL if you\u2019re an energy intensive business and have entered into a climate change agreement (CCA) with the Environment Agency.

    ", + "

    Energy intensive businesses can get a 90% reduction for electricity and a 65% reduction for gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), coal and other solid fuel.

    ", + "

    Check if your business is eligible. Your industry trade association can also give advice.

    ", + "

    Carbon price support rates

    ", + "

    The CPS rates of CCL encourage industry to use low carbon technology for producing electricity.

    ", + "

    You pay CPS rates for:

    ", + "
  • gas
    • ", + "
  • LPG
    • ", + "
  • coal and other solid fossil fuels
    • ", + "

    Who pays CPS rates

    ", + "

    The CPS rates of CCL are paid by owners of electricity generating stations and operators of combined heat and power (CHP) stations.

    ", + "

    Certain suppliers do not have to pay CPS rates. These include small generators, stand-by generators and generating stations in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme

    ", + "

    The CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme (formerly known as the \u2018Carbon Reduction Commitment\u2019) covers large, non-energy-intensive organisations, for example:

    ", + "
  • supermarkets
    • ", + "
  • hotels
    • ", + "
  • water companies
    • ", + "
  • banks
    • ", + "
  • local authorities, including state-funded schools
    • ", + "
  • all central government departments
    • ", + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You should already be registered if your business qualifies for the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme. You must now:

    ", + "
  • monitor and report your CO2 emissions from gas and electricity use
    • ", + "
  • buy enough allowances to cover your annual emissions and surrender them at the end of the year
    • ", + "

    If you need more help

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detailed guidance on the scheme if you\u2019re in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Emissions trading

    ", + "

    The EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) affects businesses from energy-intensive sectors - like the energy industry and certain manufacturers.

    ", + "

    It lets you buy and sell greenhouse gas emission allowances to reduce your organisation\u2019s environmental impact.

    ", + "

    Large organisations not covered by the EU ETS are covered by another scheme called the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme.

    ", + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    If your business is covered by the EU ETS you must meet targets by:

    ", + "
  • cutting your business emissions
    • ", + "
  • trading emissions allowances
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to open an EU Registry account so you can trade allowances. You can then trade allowances by:

    ", + "
  • trading directly with other businesses
    • ", + "
  • buying or selling from intermediaries, for example banks and specialist traders
    • ", + "
  • using the services of a broker
    • ", + "
  • joining one of the several exchanges that list carbon allowance products
    • ", + "
  • bidding at UK government or other EU member state auctions
    • ", + "

    Calculate your greenhouse gas emissions

    ", + "

    Work out your greenhouse gas emissions by multiplying the amount of energy you use by the (emissions they produce). You need to do this for each type of energy you use.

    ", + "

    To do this, you need to know:

    ", + "
  • how much non-renewable energy you\u2019ve used - this information can be found on your gas, electricity and water bills, invoices and receipts
    • ", + "
  • the greenhouse gases produced by each type of energy (the \u2018emission factor\u2019) - these are updated every year
    • ", + "

    You can calculate your carbon emissions online.

    ", + "

    Capital allowances on energy-efficient items

    ", + "

    You can claim capital allowances when you buy energy efficient, or low or zero-carbon technology for your business. This reduces the amount of tax you pay.

    ", + "

    Landfill Tax

    ", + "

    You pay tax on top of your normal landfill fees if your business gets rid of waste using landfill sites.

    ", + "

    If you get rid of waste at sites not authorised for landfill, you\u2019ll be charged Landfill Tax. You may also have to pay a penalty or be taken to court.

    ", + "

    Landfill operators - what you must do

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • get a permit
    • ", + "
  • register within 30 days of setting up - if you do not you can be fined
    • ", + "

    What to pay

    ", + "

    The tax is charged by weight. There are 2 rates. You pay the lower rate on \u2018inactive waste\u2019 - for example rocks or soil.

    ", + "Rate | Amount you pay", + "Lower rate | \u00a33.10 per tonne", + "Standard rate | \u00a396.70 per tonne", + "

    Loss on Ignition (LOI) testing regime

    ", + "

    If your landfill site accepts waste fines, you may need to carry out a loss on ignition test to help determine the rate of tax to pay.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay Landfill Tax on:

    ", + "
  • dredging activities
    • ", + "
  • quarrying and mining
    • ", + "
  • pet cemeteries
    • ", + "
  • inactive waste used for filling quarries
    • ", + "

    You can get tax credits if you send waste from landfill to be recycled, incinerated or reused.

    ", + "

    Aggregates Levy

    ", + "

    This is a tax on sand, gravel and rock that\u2019s either been:

    ", + "
  • dug from the ground
    • ", + "
  • dredged from the sea in UK waters
    • ", + "
  • imported
    • ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You must register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your business exploits aggregate in the UK, for example if you\u2019re a quarry operator.

    ", + "

    Every quarter, you must tell HMRC how much aggregate you\u2019ve produced or sold.

    ", + "

    How much you pay

    ", + "

    You pay tax of \u00a32 per tonne of sand, gravel or rock. You pay less on smaller amounts, for example \u00a31 on half a tonne. You still pay tax if you import the materials.

    ", + "

    Reliefs

    ", + "

    You can get tax relief if you export aggregates or use them in some industrial or agricultural processes. If you do not use the material as aggregate it may be eligible for relief.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    Certain materials are excluded from the tax, for example soil, vegetable or other organic matter.

    ", + "

    If you need more help

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detailed guidance on Aggregates Levy or you can contact the helpline.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Green Deal: energy saving for your home", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The Green Deal helps you make energy-saving improvements to your home and to find the best way to pay for them.

    ", + "

    The improvements that could save you the most energy depend on your home, but typical examples include:

    ", + "
  • insulation, such as solid wall, cavity wall or loft insulation
    • ", + "
  • heating
    • ", + "
  • draught-proofing
    • ", + "
  • double glazing
    • ", + "
  • renewable energy generation, such as solar panels or heat pumps
    • ", + "

    If you need help paying for home improvements

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a loan through the Green Deal, but you\u2019ll have to pay this back.

    ", + "

    Find out if your home will benefit

    ", + "

    There are various ways to check if your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements:

    ", + "
  • use the Energy Efficiency Calculator to find out how you can reduce your energy bills
    • ", + "
  • check which home energy grants you might be able to apply for
    • ", + "
  • talk to a Green Deal assessor or provider
    • ", + "

    The Green Deal may be right for you if you think your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements.

    ", + "

    You can also talk to Simple Energy Advice if you\u2019re in England or Wales, or Home Energy Scotland if you\u2019re in Scotland

    ", + "

    Find out about call charges

    ", + "

    The Green Deal is not available in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Green Deal mark

    ", + "

    ", + "

    All Green Deal organisations must be authorised. Look for the quality mark, which is a green house with a tick on the roof.

    ", + "

    You can also check if a Green Deal company is genuine.

    ", + "

    Improvements and benefits to your home

    ", + "

    Any household with an electricity meter (including prepayment meters) in England, Scotland or Wales can use the scheme.

    ", + "

    Both the landlord and the tenant must agree to the improvements if the building is rented.

    ", + "

    Eligible improvements

    ", + "

    You can use the Green Deal for a range of different energy saving measures including:

    ", + "
  • replacing windows and doors
    • ", + "
  • installing secondary glazing
    • ", + "
  • using energy efficient lighting
    • ", + "
  • insulating your loft or walls
    • ", + "
  • adding draught proofing
    • ", + "
  • upgrading your heating
    • ", + "
  • generating renewable energy from sources such as wind or solar power
    • ", + "

    But only if your Green Deal assessment recommends them.

    ", + "

    Get an assessment

    ", + "

    You must get your property assessed to use the Green Deal. Contact a Green Deal assessor or ask a Green Deal provider to find an assessor for you.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay for an assessment. The assessor must tell you the fee in advance.

    ", + "

    What to expect from an assessment

    ", + "

    A Green Deal assessor will visit your home, talk to you about your property and your energy use and help you decide if you could benefit from Green Deal improvements.

    ", + "

    When you book

    ", + "

    You may be asked if:

    ", + "
  • you own or rent the property
    • ", + "
  • your home is a listed building, in a conservation area, built before 1900 or constructed in a non-traditional way
    • ", + "
  • there are access issues, such as access to your loft
    • ", + "
  • you can provide bills showing your recent energy use
    • ", + "

    When the assessor visits

    ", + "

    You may be asked:

    ", + "
  • how many people live in your home
    • ", + "
  • what type of heating and appliances you use
    • ", + "
  • how often you use your heating
    • ", + "
  • what energy-saving measures are already installed
    • ", + "

    After the visit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a document, called a Green Deal advice report, that contains:

    ", + "
  • an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) that rates your home for energy efficiency
    • ", + "
  • an occupancy assessment that measures how much energy you and other occupiers are using
    • ", + "
  • improvements your assessor recommends
    • ", + "
  • an estimate of the money you could save on your annual energy bills
    • ", + "
  • a statement on whether the improvements will pay for themselves through reduced energy costs
    • ", + "

    A Green Deal advice report is valid for 10 years, or until you make changes or energy saving improvements to the property, for example you build an extension or change the windows.

    ", + "

    The actual savings will depend on how much energy you use and the future cost of energy.

    ", + "

    What to do next

    ", + "

    You decide:

    ", + "
  • if you want to get the work done
    • ", + "
  • how you want to pay
    • ", + "

    Getting the work done

    ", + "

    How you decide to get the work done will affect your options for how you pay for the work.

    ", + "

    After you get a Green Deal advice report, you can:

    ", + "
  • ask a Green Deal provider to arrange installation and pay for the work yourself
    • ", + "
  • ask a Green Deal provider to arrange installation and a Green Deal finance plan to pay for the work
    • ", + "
  • get your own installers to fit the improvements and pay for them yourself
    • ", + "
  • pay for the work in more than one way, like using a Green Deal finance plan or money of your own
    • ", + "

    Some companies provide all the services for a Green Deal package - assessment, finance and installation. You can choose to use a different company for each service.

    ", + "

    Get a quote

    ", + "

    Give a provider or installer your Green Deal advice report.

    ", + "

    Providers will give you a quote and arrange the installers for you. Installers will quote to do the work themselves. A quote from a provider will include the repayment terms if you\u2019re paying with a finance plan.

    ", + "

    You can get more than one quote and you can choose which improvements you want.

    ", + "

    You can ask the provider or installer if you or your property qualify to combine the Green Deal with these other schemes:

    ", + "
  • Affordable Warmth Obligation - help from your energy company to improve your home if you\u2019re on certain benefits or a low income, or for certain hard-to-treat properties
    • ", + "
  • Feed-in Tariffs - payments from your energy provider if you generate your own electricity (such as through solar panels or a wind turbine)
    • ", + "
  • Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) - payments for generation and use of renewable energy to heat buildings
    • ", + "
  • any scheme run by your Local Authority - contact your Local Authority for information
    • ", + "

    Agree the work

    ", + "

    Pick the provider or installer you want to do the work.

    ", + "

    The provider will write you a contract called a Green Deal finance plan if you choose to pay with Green Deal finance. The plan will contain:

    ", + "
  • an outline of the work that will be done
    • ", + "
  • any financial help you can get from other schemes
    • ", + "
  • the repayments and interest rate
    • ", + "
  • information on other incentives you can access, such as Feed-in Tarrifs
    • ", + "
  • information on warranties and guarantees
    • ", + "

    Your Green Deal repayments will be automatically added to your electricity bill if you have chosen to take Green Deal finance.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    You can complain about your Green Deal.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You can pay in advance, get a Green Deal finance plan, or use other schemes to fund the work. You can also combine ways to pay.

    ", + "

    Getting a Green Deal finance plan

    ", + "

    Finance plans are offered by approved Green Deal providers.

    ", + "

    Give your Green Deal assessment to providers you want to get a quote from.

    ", + "

    Your provider will find an installer for you.

    ", + "

    You can only get a finance plan for improvements recommended in your Green Deal assessment.

    ", + "

    Each provider must tell you:

    ", + "
  • how much you\u2019ll pay back
    • ", + "
  • how long you\u2019ll pay for
    • ", + "

    What you can borrow and how much you\u2019ll pay

    ", + "

    You can get finance for an amount based on what you\u2019ll be expected to save on your energy bills.

    ", + "

    The annual repayments on the loan should not be more than the savings you might make on your energy bills.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no set interest rate. Your interest rate will be determined by the amount of your finance plan. Check with your provider for rates and fees.

    ", + "

    The interest rate is fixed for the full term of the plan so your repayments will be fixed.

    ", + "

    How you pay

    ", + "

    You pay back the loan through a charge added to your electricity bill. If you have a prepayment meter, a small amount will be taken from the meter each day.

    ", + "

    This is because the Green Deal stays with the property. If you move, you no longer benefit from the improvements and therefore stop paying for them.

    ", + "

    You can pay off your Green Deal early, but you might be charged a fee - check with your provider.

    ", + "

    Moving into a property with a Green Deal

    ", + "

    If you move into a property with a Green Deal, the landlord or seller must show you a copy of the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC). This will explain what improvements have been made and how much you\u2019ll need to repay.

    ", + "

    The person who pays the electricity bill pays the money back.

    ", + "

    You can change electricity supplier if the new supplier is participating in the Green Deal.

    ", + "

    Get more information

    ", + "

    Contact the Green Deal provider if you have specific questions about the improvements, warranties or repayments.

    ", + "

    You can get general information from Simple Energy Advice if you\u2019re in England or Wales, or Home Energy Scotland if you\u2019re in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Find out about call charges

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Hazardous waste", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dispose-hazardous-waste", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must make sure hazardous waste produced or handled by your business in England causes no harm or damage.

    ", + "

    You have responsibilities known as your \u2018duty of care\u2019. You must also meet extra requirements depending on whether you\u2019re a waste:

    ", + "
  • producer or holder (you produce or store waste)
    • ", + "
  • carrier (you collect and transport waste)
    • ", + "
  • consignee (you receive waste, such as for recycling or disposal)
    • ", + "

    Check what you need to do in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    There are different requirements for exporting waste.

    ", + "

    Check if your waste is hazardous

    ", + "

    Waste is generally considered hazardous if it (or the material or substances it contains) are harmful to humans or the environment. Examples of hazardous waste include:

    ", + "
  • asbestos
    • ", + "
  • chemicals, such as brake fluid or print toner
    • ", + "
  • batteries
    • ", + "
  • solvents
    • ", + "
  • pesticides
    • ", + "
  • oils (except edible ones), such as car oil
    • ", + "
  • equipment containing ozone depleting substances, like fridges
    • ", + "
  • hazardous waste containers
    • ", + "

    Classify your waste to find out if it is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Producers and holders

    ", + "

    You must follow these steps in England if your business:

    ", + "
  • produces hazardous waste
    • ", + "
  • holds or stores hazardous waste
    • ", + "
  • has hazardous waste removed from its premises
    • ", + "
  • Classify your waste to check if it\u2019s hazardous.
    • ", + "
  • Separate and store hazardous waste safely.
    • ", + "
  • Use authorised businesses to collect, recycle or dispose of your hazardous waste \u2013\u00a0check that waste carriers are registered and waste sites have environmental permits.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the parts of the consignment note that apply to you \u2013 keep one copy and give 2 copies to the carrier collecting your waste.
    • ", + "
  • Keep records (known as a \u2018register\u2019) for 3 years at the premises that produced or stored the waste.
    • ", + "

    Records you must keep

    ", + "

    You must keep your copies of:

    ", + "
  • consignment notes
    • ", + "
  • consignee returns \u2013 you\u2019ll get these from businesses that receive your waste (consignees)
    • ", + "
  • any related documents, for example \u2018carrier schedules\u2019 (list of carriers when there is more than one), records of rejected loads
    • ", + "

    If these documents are not accurate or complete, you must keep a record of any missing information.

    ", + "

    Extra requirements

    ", + "

    You must meet extra requirements in these situations.

    ", + "

    Your waste is rejected

    ", + "

    You must follow the guidance on rejected loads if your hazardous waste is rejected by the destination site you sent it to.

    ", + "

    You transport your own waste

    ", + "

    You must meet the requirements for carriers if you transport any hazardous waste from your own or another business.

    ", + "

    You receive, treat or dispose of waste

    ", + "

    You must meet the requirements for consignees if you:

    ", + "
  • receive hazardous waste \u2013\u00a0this includes deliveries of waste from your own business
    • ", + "
  • treat or dispose of hazardous waste on your business premises \u2013\u00a0this includes your own waste
    • ", + "

    Carriers

    ", + "

    You must follow these steps if your business collects and transports hazardous waste in England (for example you\u2019re a waste carrier, or you move your own waste).

    ", + "
  • Register as a waste carrier.
    • ", + "
  • Check parts A and B of the consignment note and the waste before you accept it \u2013\u00a0make sure the waste is classified correctly.
    • ", + "
  • Separate waste correctly when you load it for transportation.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the part of the consignment note that applies to you.
    • ", + "
  • Leave one copy of the consignment note with the waste producer or holder and keep 2 copies \u2013\u00a0these must stay with the waste until it reaches its destination.
    • ", + "
  • Take the waste to the destination on the consignment note \u2013\u00a0it must be an authorised waste site.
    • ", + "
  • Keep records (known as a \u2018register\u2019) for one year.
    • ", + "

    You must keep records at your head office.

    ", + "

    Records you must keep

    ", + "

    You must keep copies of:

    ", + "
  • consignment notes
    • ", + "
  • any related documents, for example \u2018carrier schedules\u2019 (list of carriers when there is more than one), records of rejected loads
    • ", + "

    If these documents are not accurate or complete, you must keep a record of any missing information.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a waste dealer or broker

    ", + "

    Ask the waste producer or holder for copies of their records. You must keep these for 3 years. Check what other registration requirements and responsibilities you may need to meet.

    ", + "

    Your waste delivery is rejected

    ", + "

    You must follow the guidance on rejected loads if a consignee rejects the hazardous waste you\u2019re transporting.

    ", + "

    Consignees

    ", + "

    You must follow these steps if you receive, treat or dispose of hazardous waste at premises in England.

    ", + "
  • Get an environmental permit or register an exemption for your premises.
    • ", + "
  • Check the consignment note and waste before you accept it \u2013 make sure it\u2019s classified correctly.
    • ", + "
  • Reject the waste if the consignment note is missing, incorrect or incomplete.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in part E of the consignment note for any hazardous waste you accept or reject \u2013 keep one copy and hand one copy back to the carrier.
    • ", + "
  • Send consignee returns to the Environment Agency, and the waste producer or holder, to report on any hazardous waste you accept or reject.
    • ", + "
  • Keep records (known as a \u2018register\u2019).
    • ", + "

    You must keep records at the site where the hazardous waste was stored, treated or disposed.

    ", + "

    Records you must keep

    ", + "

    You must keep:

    ", + "
  • consignment notes
    • ", + "
  • any related documents, for example \u2018carrier schedules\u2019 (list of carriers when there is more than one), records of rejected loads
    • ", + "
  • a site inventory that records where waste was stored, treated or disposed of at your waste site \u2013\u00a0keep this in a secure, marked area that\u2019s accessible in emergencies
    • ", + "

    Site inventories for tipped waste

    ", + "

    \u2018Tipped waste\u2019 (permanent waste storage, for example landfill) includes:

    ", + "Type of storage | Disposal code (from the Waste Framework Directive)", + "Deposit into or onto land, for example landfill | D1", + "Land treatment | D2", + "Deep injection | D3", + "Surface impoundment | D4", + "Specially engineered landfill | D5", + "Release into a water body except seas or oceans | D6", + "Permanent storage | D12", + "

    Your site inventory must be a site plan that shows where hazardous waste is stored at your waste site together with its:

    ", + "
  • consignment note code \u2013 get this from the consignee return if there\u2019s no consignment note
    • ", + "
  • waste description including the waste classification code, its chemical components and hazardous properties
    • ", + "

    Use either a grid or contour lines to divide up your site plan.

    ", + "

    Site inventories for all other waste operations

    ", + "

    These requirements are for all waste operations other than tipped waste, including:

    ", + "
  • disposal by other methods
    • ", + "
  • treatment
    • ", + "
  • recovery
    • ", + "
  • incineration
    • ", + "

    Your site inventory can be a site plan or table showing the location of waste at your site together with:

    ", + "
  • its consignment note code \u2013 get this from the consignee return if there\u2019s no consignment note
    • ", + "
  • information cross-referencing each incoming or outgoing waste (waste transfer activities only)
    • ", + "

    You must also keep records for each delivery of hazardous waste you accept at your site \u2013 include:

    ", + "
  • its weight in kilograms
    • ", + "
  • its waste description including the waste classification code, its chemical components and hazardous properties
    • ", + "
  • the name, address and postcode of the waste holder or producer it came from
    • ", + "
  • the disposal or recovery method you applied to the waste
    • ", + "

    How long you must keep records

    ", + "

    The type of waste site you have determines how long you keep records.

    ", + " | Type of record | How long you must keep it", + "Landfill site (disposal codes D1 to D6 and D12) | All records | As long as you have a permit", + "Other waste site with a permit | Consignment notes | 5 years", + "Other waste site with a permit | Site inventory and all other records | As long as you have a permit", + "Waste sites with an exemption | All records | 3 years", + "

    You must send your records to the Environment Agency if you give up or lose your permit.

    ", + "

    Consignment notes

    ", + "

    You must use consignment notes to move hazardous waste.

    ", + "

    A consignment note must stay with hazardous waste until it reaches its final destination.

    ", + "

    Fill in a consignment note

    ", + "

    Read the consignment notes guidance.

    ", + "
  • Download a consignment note form.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the parts that apply to you.
    • ", + "
  • Use a continuation sheet if you need more space.
    • ", + "

    The part that applies to you depends on your role in the waste process.

    ", + "Your role | Part you must complete", + "Producer | A and B", + "Holder (stores waste) | A and B", + "Carrier (collects and transports waste) | C", + "Consignor (hands the waste to the carrier) | D", + "Consignee (receives waste for recycling or disposal) | E", + "

    You\u2019re the waste producer or holder

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to know both the:

    ", + "
  • Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code (2007) \u2013 this describes the business activity that produced the waste
    • ", + "
  • waste classification code, also referred to as LoW (List of Waste) or EWC (European Waste Catalogue) code \u2013 this describes the waste
    • ", + "

    Get consignment notes another way

    ", + "

    You can also:

    ", + "
  • use a note from your waste contractor or write your own \u2013 it must include the information on the form
    • ", + "
  • buy consignment notices from the Environment Agency \u2013 these have 3 colour-coded copies
    • ", + "

    Consignee returns

    ", + "

    Consignee returns are reports on any hazardous waste received, treated or disposed of by a business (the \u2018consignee\u2019).

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a waste producer or holder

    ", + "

    You should get consignee returns every quarter from the consignee dealing with your hazardous waste.

    ", + "

    Ask for consignee returns in writing if you do not get them \u2013 you need them to keep records.

    ", + "

    You should contact the Environment Agency and stop using a waste business if they do not provide consignee returns.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a consignee

    ", + "

    You must send consignee returns every quarter to the:

    ", + "
  • Environment Agency
    • ", + "
  • the waste producer or holder
    • ", + "

    You must send separate consignee returns to the Environment Agency and the waste producer or holder. You cannot send copies of the same document to both.

    ", + "

    Read the consignee returns guidance for help with filling in your consignee returns.

    ", + "

    Send consignee returns to the Environment Agency

    ", + "
  • Fill in the consignee returns spreadsheet.
    • ", + "
  • Send the spreadsheet to the Environment Agency - either email it to hazwastereturn@environment-agency.gov.uk or upload it online (in Wales email it to waleshazreturns@cyfoethnaturiolcymru.gov.uk).
    • ", + "

    Read the consignee returns guidance for other ways you can send your returns.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "Reporting period | Deadline", + "January to March | 30 April", + "April to June | 31 July", + "July to September | 31 October", + "October to December | 31 January", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Fees are per consignment of waste and depend on whether the consignment formed part of a multiple collection (if it came from multiple locations) or not. The fees are:

    ", + "
  • single consignment - \u00a310 (electronic returns) or \u00a319 (paper returns)
    • ", + "
  • multiple collection - \u00a35 (electronic returns) or \u00a310 (paper returns)
    • ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency

    ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency if you have any questions about hazardous waste.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Preventing air pollution", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/preventing-air-pollution", + "contents": [ + "

    Local controls

    ", + "

    Your local council can introduce extra controls on emissions if there are air quality problems in your area.

    ", + "

    Air Quality Management Areas

    ", + "

    If air quality falls below required standards, your council will declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and plan for improvements.

    ", + "

    Check if your business is in an AQMA and if you\u2019re affected by:

    ", + "
  • road charging
    • ", + "
  • parking restrictions
    • ", + "
  • increased restrictions on waiting and loading times
    • ", + "
  • taxes to encourage moving goods by rail
    • ", + "
  • the review of planning applications by a pollution control team
    • ", + "

    Smoke control areas

    ", + "

    Your council can also declare a smoke control area. This means you can only use authorised fuels, or exempted furnaces and boilers. Chimney smoke is not allowed, with only a few exceptions.

    ", + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a31,000 for each offence.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a contractor working at different locations you should always check if you\u2019re in a smoke control area.

    ", + "

    Dark smoke

    ", + "

    The darker the smoke, the more polluting it tends to be. Smoke darker than a specified shade of grey is officially classified as \u2018dark smoke\u2019.

    ", + "

    The Ringelmann chart is used to define dark smoke. The chart has 5 shades of grey with 0 being clear and 5 being black. Smoke is considered \u2018dark\u2019 if it is shade 2 or darker.

    ", + "

    Chimney and boiler restrictions

    ", + "

    You mustn\u2019t release dark smoke from your premises, including from:

    ", + "
  • chimneys serving furnaces
    • ", + "
  • fixed boilers or industrial plants, whether they\u2019re attached to buildings or not
    • ", + "

    There are some exemptions if emissions won\u2019t damage health or cause a nuisance.

    ", + "

    Boilers and furnaces

    ", + "

    You need a permit for most generators, furnaces and boilers.

    ", + "

    Get a permit

    ", + "

    The permit you need depends on the type and amount of fuel you\u2019re burning.

    ", + "

    Part A(1) environmental permit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Part A(1) environmental permit if your appliances:

    ", + "
  • have an aggregated rated thermal input of 50 megawatts (mw) or more
    • ", + "
  • burn waste oil, recovered oil or any fuel made from waste, with a rated thermal input of 3 to 50 mw
    • ", + "

    Get a Part A(1) permit from:

    ", + "
  • Environment Agency if you\u2019re in England
    • ", + "
  • Natural Resources Wales (NRW)
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA)
    • ", + "

    Part B environmental permit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Part B environmental permit if your appliances:

    ", + "
  • have a rated thermal input of 20 to 50 mw
    • ", + "
  • burn waste excluded from the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) with a rated thermal input of 0.4 to 3 mw
    • ", + "

    Get a Part B permit from:

    ", + "
  • your local council if you\u2019re in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • SEPA if you\u2019re in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Small Waste Incineration Plant (SWIP) environmental permit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Small Waste Incineration Plant (SWIP) environmental permit if your appliance can burn either:

    ", + "
  • less than 10 tonnes per day of hazardous waste
    • ", + "
  • less than 3 tonnes per hour of non-hazardous waste (equivalent to 72 tonnes per day)
    • ", + "

    Get a SWIP environmental permit from your local council.

    ", + "

    Installing furnaces

    ", + "

    Your local council must approve:

    ", + "
  • the use of a new non-domestic furnace in a building, fixed boiler or industrial plant
    • ", + "
  • changes to an existing furnace
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council about getting approval for grit and dust arrestment equipment for your furnace if it\u2019s going to be used to burn:

    ", + "
  • pulverised fuel
    • ", + "
  • any other solid matter at a rate of 45.4 kilograms (kg) or more an hour
    • ", + "
  • liquid or gaseous matter at a rate equivalent to 366.4 kilowatts (kw) or more
    • ", + "

    You might not need approval if your boiler won\u2019t create emissions that can damage health or cause a nuisance. Contact your local council to check if you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    Chimney height requirements

    ", + "

    Your chimney must be high enough to prevent smoke, grit, dust, gases and fume emissions from damaging health or causing a nuisance. Your local council can refuse your application if your chimney isn\u2019t high enough.

    ", + "

    You must apply for chimney height approval if your boiler\u2019s fuel consumption either:

    ", + "
  • exceeds 45.4 kg of solid fuel an hour
    • ", + "
  • exceeds 366.4 kw of liquid or gas fuel
    • ", + "

    If your approval application is refused your local council will tell you the minimum chimney height you need.

    ", + "

    A chimney may be exempt if it\u2019s used as part of:

    ", + "
  • a temporary replacement, for example if the boiler or furnace is being repaired
    • ", + "
  • a temporary source of heat or power for building works
    • ", + "
  • an auxiliary plant to bring the main plant up to operating temperatures
    • ", + "
  • a mobile source of heat or power for agricultural purposes
    • ", + "

    If the use of your chimney changes you must re-apply for approval.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Emergency and life-saving equipment on ships", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/emergency-and-lifesaving-equipment-on-ships", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    All ships must carry certain emergency and life-saving equipment. This equipment must meet minimum standards and must be properly tested and serviced.

    ", + "

    There are different requirements depending on the size and type of ship and where it operates.

    ", + "

    Emergency and life-saving equipment include things like:

    ", + "
  • lifeboats and liferafts
    • ", + "
  • lifebuoys
    • ", + "
  • lifejackets and attachments
    • ", + "
  • buoyancy apparatus
    • ", + "
  • emergency alarm systems and public address systems
    • ", + "
  • marine evacuation systems
    • ", + "
  • two-way VHF radiotelephone sets
    • ", + "
  • fire-fighting equipment
    • ", + "

    Life-saving equipment

    ", + "

    Merchant ships

    ", + "

    You can find information on the life-saving appliances that ships must carry in the Merchant Shipping (Life-Saving Appliances Regulations for Ships Other Than Ships of Classes III to VI(A)) Regulations 1999.

    ", + "

    Passenger ships

    ", + "

    There are different requirements for different types of passenger ships.

    ", + "

    Download information about requirements for life-saving appliances on passenger ships on domestic voyages.

    ", + "

    You must also read the amendments to these regulations.

    ", + "

    Download information about which lifejackets must be carried on passenger ships.

    ", + "

    Roll-on Roll-off (Ro-Ro) passenger ships

    ", + "

    Ro-Ro passenger ships must be fitted with emergency equipment lockers for emergency situations.

    ", + "

    Large commercial yachts

    ", + "

    The Large Commercial Yacht Code includes rules on life-saving equipment for certain types of ship of less than 3,000 gross tonnage.

    ", + "

    Small commercial vessel and pilot boats

    ", + "

    The Small Commercial Vessels Code sets out rules on life-saving equipment for certain vessels of less than 24 metres.

    ", + "

    Small passenger boats on inland waters

    ", + "

    The Inland Waters Small Passenger Boat Code includes rules on life-saving equipment for inland vessels that carry no more than 12 passengers.

    ", + "

    Pleasure craft

    ", + "

    Some pleasure craft don\u2019t have to carry certain life-saving equipment. Download the regulations for pleasure craft.

    ", + "

    Fire-fighting equipment

    ", + "

    Ships must carry certain fire-fighting equipment on board.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    Some ships are exempt from these regulations.

    ", + "

    Fixed fire alarms and extinguishers

    ", + "

    Download the rules on fixed fire-detection alarms and extinguishing systems.

    ", + "

    Fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems

    ", + "

    Download guidance on operating fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems.

    ", + "

    Your crew must know how to use fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems safely.

    ", + "

    Halon fire-fighting systems

    ", + "

    It\u2019s now illegal to use fire-fighting equipment that contains halons. Download information on the phasing out of halon fire-fighting systems.

    ", + "

    Safe use of emergency equipment

    ", + "

    All emergency life-saving equipment must be safe to use, and you must make sure that your crew know how to use it properly.

    ", + "

    Lifejackets

    ", + "

    All lifejackets must be regularly inspected. You\u2019ll need to check the individual manufacturer\u2019s instructions on how to do this.

    ", + "

    Download general guidance on how to use and inspect inflatable lifejackets.

    ", + "

    Immersion suits

    ", + "

    Read information on the safe use of immersion suits and lifejackets.

    ", + "

    Marine evacuation systems (MESs)

    ", + "

    A marine evacuation system is an inflatable slide or escape chute which passengers can use to get into liferafts from the ship.

    ", + "

    If your vessel has an MES, you must make sure that crew are properly trained in how to use it, and that all onboard lifejackets can be used safely with it.

    ", + "

    Liferafts and Hydrostatic Release Units (HRUs)

    ", + "

    Download guidance on the safe use of HRUs and liferafts.

    ", + "

    Fuels and lubricating oils in lifeboat engines

    ", + "

    In lifeboat engines, you must make sure that all fuels and lubricating oils are safe to use in low temperatures.

    ", + "

    Download information on which fuels and oils are safe to use.

    ", + "

    Retro-reflective material

    ", + "

    You must check all retro-reflective material at regular intervals to make sure it\u2019s effective. Download guidance on using and fitting retro-reflective material on life-saving appliances.

    ", + "

    Servicing and testing emergency equipment

    ", + "

    Life-saving appliance testing

    ", + "

    Some life-saving equipment must be serviced regularly at an approved service station, like:

    ", + "
  • inflatable liferafts
    • ", + "
  • inflatable boats
    • ", + "
  • rescue boats
    • ", + "
  • fast rescue boats
    • ", + "
  • inflatable lifejackets
    • ", + "
  • Hydrostatic Release Units (HRUs)
    • ", + "

    You can find details of independent lifeboat servicing and testing organisations on the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) website.

    ", + "

    Download further information on servicing this kind of emergency equipment.

    ", + "

    Manufacturers of life-saving appliances

    ", + "

    You can find details of manufacturers of life-saving appliances and their UK representatives on the MCA website.

    ", + "

    Emergency electrical systems

    ", + "

    Download information on testing emergency electrical systems.

    ", + "

    Fire equipment testing

    ", + "

    All fire protection systems and equipment should be regularly tested and maintained so that they\u2019re ready for immediate use when needed.

    ", + "

    You must carry out monthly fire equipment testing and inspection to make sure that:

    ", + "
  • all fireman\u2019s outfits, fire extinguishers, fire hydrants, hoses and nozzles are in place and in good condition
    • ", + "
  • all escape routes are free of obstructions and properly maintained
    • ", + "
  • the public address system and ship\u2019s alarms are working properly
    • ", + "
  • all fixed fire-fighting installation valves are set in the correct operating position
    • ", + "
  • dry pipe sprinkler systems are pressurised, where needed, and their gauges are working properly
    • ", + "
  • the sprinkler system pressure tank water levels are correct
    • ", + "
  • all sprinkler system pumps operate automatically on pressure loss in the systems
    • ", + "
  • all fire pumps are working properly
    • ", + "
  • all fixed gas fire extinguishing installations are free from leaks
    • ", + "

    Fixed bulk dry powder fire extinguishing systems

    ", + "

    Download information on maintaining and testing fixed dry bulk power systems.

    ", + "

    Read \u2018MGN 355 (M) Periodic Inspection, Testing and Maintenance of Fixed Bulk Dry Powder Fire Extinguishing Systems\u2019.

    ", + "

    Seamless steel pressurised gas cylinders

    ", + "

    Download information on testing seamless steel pressurised gas cylinders used for fire-fighting.

    ", + "

    Portable fire extinguishers

    ", + "

    Download information on how to carry out testing and maintenance of portable fire extinguishers.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    You can contact the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) for further information on life-saving appliances.

    ", + "

    The MCA lists current safety alerts for technical matters, including information on known design faults and fake safety equipment.

    ", + "

    It also lists safety alerts for health and safety matters.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get a fishing vessel licence: vessels 10 metres or under", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fishing-vessel-licence-under-10-metres", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence if you want to catch and sell sea fish, unless you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    Check the licence you need if your vessel is longer than 10 metres.

    ", + "

    Follow these steps to get a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence:

    ", + "
  • Register your vessel - you must do this before you can get a licence.
    • ", + "
  • Get a licence entitlement - you\u2019ll need this to get a licence.
    • ", + "
  • Apply for your licence.
    • ", + "

    You must carry your licence on board your vessel at all times.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a licence for your vessel if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it doesn\u2019t have an engine
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019ll only be used to fish for common eels, salmon or migratory trout
    • ", + "
  • you fish only within 12 nautical miles of Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, but you\u2019ll need a licence from the relevant authority
    • ", + "
  • you only use your vessel to fish for pleasure
    • ", + "

    Register your vessel

    ", + "

    You must register your vessel on the UK Ship Registry to get a fishing vessel licence, unless your vessel is registered in the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.

    ", + "

    To get on the register:

    ", + "
  • arrange an inspection by a Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) inspector or surveyor
    • ", + "
  • fill in application form MSF4740 and send it to the address on the form
    • ", + "

    You can choose simple or full registration. Full registration lets you take out a marine mortgage against your vessel.

    ", + "

    Registration fees

    ", + "

    Simple registration is \u00a3111 and full registration is \u00a3131.

    ", + "

    Documents you need

    ", + "

    You must include the following documents:

    ", + "
  • Declaration of Eligibility (MSF 4728)
    • ", + "
  • original ownership documents - bill of sale, invoice or builder\u2019s certificate
    • ", + "
  • Seafish Construction Certificate if your vessel was built after July 2007, or Seafish Inspection Report if your vessel was built before 2007
    • ", + "
  • Safety Certificate issued by MCA (MSF 1606)
    • ", + "
  • the vessel\u2019s radio call sign, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • deletion certificate if the vessel was previously registered on another register
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the Certificate of Incorporation if the owner is a limited company
    • ", + "

    Your evidence of ownership must cover the last 3 years if you\u2019re applying for full registration.

    ", + "

    Get a licence entitlement

    ", + "

    You can get an entitlement by:

    ", + "
  • buying the entitlement from a vessel that has sunk, been scrapped or is no longer being used for fishing
    • ", + "
  • buying a vessel with a licence
    • ", + "

    You need to make sure the entitlement is suitable for:

    ", + "
  • a vessel which is 10 metres or under (Category A)
    • ", + "
  • the tonnage of your vessel and the size of the engine (kilowattage)
    • ", + "

    You can combine 2 or more entitlements if 1 is not enough to cover your vessel. You can also split an entitlement if you don\u2019t need it all.

    ", + "

    Register an entitlement bought without a vessel

    ", + "

    Get form AFL7 from your local MMO office.

    ", + "

    Read the instructions for filling in form AFL7.

    ", + "

    Fill in sections A and B of the form and send it to your local MMO office.

    ", + "

    MMO will check the previous owner has agreed to the transfer and return the form to you.

    ", + "

    Entitlements bought with a vessel

    ", + "

    The seller will transfer the entitlement into your name as part of the sale. MMO will send you form AFL7.

    ", + "

    Use form AFL7 to convert your entitlement into a licence.

    ", + "

    Apply for your licence

    ", + "

    Fill in application form AFL2 to apply for a Category A (10 metres or under) licence and send it to your local MMO office with your:

    ", + "
  • certificate of registry for the vessel
    • ", + "
  • form AFL7 showing you as the entitlement holder
    • ", + "

    Send the original documents, not copies.

    ", + "

    A licence is valid for 2 years, starting on 1 July and ending 2 years later on 30 June.

    ", + "

    Your licence will be renewed automatically.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Hiring crew for ships and yachts", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hiring-crew", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re hiring crew for a ship or yacht, you must:

    ", + "
  • check crew members\u2019 discharge books to make sure they have the qualifications and certificates of competency for their jobs
    • ", + "
  • check that all crew members have the necessary medical certificates for the work they\u2019ll be doing
    • ", + "
  • make sure everyone has the necessary travel documents
    • ", + "
  • check that all crew can speak the ship\u2019s common working language
    • ", + "
  • draw up a crew agreement
    • ", + "
  • send a full crew list to the owner of the ship or yacht
    • ", + "

    You must make sure all crew members know the ship\u2019s safety and emergency procedures before the start of your journey.

    ", + "

    Checking crew qualifications

    ", + "

    You must check crew members\u2019 discharge books to make sure everyone has the necessary qualifications and experience.

    ", + "

    Crew members doing specialist jobs or working on particular types of craft may need special training.

    ", + "

    Officers

    ", + "

    Officers in your crew must have the necessary certificates of competency (CoCs).

    ", + "

    Check that officers\u2019 CoCs are valid on the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) website.

    ", + "

    Officers may need special training if working on tankers, high-speed craft or passenger ships.

    ", + "

    Merchant navy ratings

    ", + "

    Make sure that all crew have the correct rating for the work they\u2019ll be doing. Watch ratings need a CoC if they\u2019re performing navigation or engine room duties.

    ", + "

    Crew on large yachts (24 metres long or over)

    ", + "

    You must make sure your crew have a MCA Yacht Rating Certificate or other MCA recognised qualification, for example:

    ", + "
  • an able seaman (AB) certificate issued under the International Labour Organisation (ILO) AB Convention
    • ", + "
  • a UK efficient deck hand (EDH) certificate
    • ", + "
  • a navigational or engine room watch rating certificate issued under Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW)
    • ", + "

    Certificates of competency

    ", + "

    You must follow international regulations from Standards in Training Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) if you have a commercial vessel going to sea.

    ", + "

    Some crew members need a certificate of competency (CoC) or certificate of equivalent competency (CEC) to carry out certain duties.

    ", + "

    For seafarers\u2019 CoCs to remain valid on certain types of ship they\u2019ll need to meet new training standards in line with STCW regulations (\u20182010 Manila Amendments\u2019).

    ", + "

    Deck officers

    ", + "

    Masters and other deck department officers need a CoC if they\u2019re performing:

    ", + "
  • bridge watch-keeping duties
    • ", + "
  • navigational duties
    • ", + "

    CoCs for deck officers are restricted depending on:

    ", + "
  • the size of the ship or yacht
    • ", + "
  • the area of sea where it will operate
    • ", + "

    Download an application for a CoC for:

    ", + "
  • masters, chief mates and deck officers in the merchant navy
    • ", + "
  • masters, chief mates and deck officers on yachts
    • ", + "

    You can use a Certificate of Service instead, if you have one. These were issued until 1998.

    ", + "

    Engineer officers

    ", + "

    Engineer officers on a ship or yacht with a power output of 750 kilowatts or more need a CoC. There are different CoCs for engineer officers, depending on:

    ", + "
  • the power output of the ship or yacht
    • ", + "
  • the area of sea where it will be operating
    • ", + "

    Download an application for a CoC for:

    ", + "
  • a merchant navy engineering officer
    • ", + "
  • a yacht engineering officer
    • ", + "

    Revalidating CoCs

    ", + "

    Deck and engineering officers must revalidate their certificate every 5 years. They do this by showing they\u2019ve completed either:

    ", + "
  • 12 months\u2019 sea service in the last 5 years
    • ", + "
  • 3 months\u2019 sea service in the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • 2.5 years in a relevant job - contact the MCA for advice
    • ", + "

    Use form MSF 4258 if someone you want to hire can\u2019t revalidate their CoC because they don\u2019t meet the requirements.

    ", + "

    Watch ratings

    ", + "

    Watch ratings on merchant ships need a CoC if they\u2019re performing navigation or engine room duties.

    ", + "

    Radio operators

    ", + "

    Radio operators need CoCs if they handle distress and safety radio-communications. All radio personnel serving on UK-registered ships must have either:

    ", + "
  • a Restricted Operator\u2019s Certificate (ROC)
    • ", + "
  • a General Operator\u2019s Certificate (GOC)
    • ", + "

    Other crew

    ", + "

    Ships\u2019 cooks and security officers may also need a CoC.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    To find out more about the certification structure and examination and training requirements, read:

    ", + "
  • MSN 1856 (M+F) for merchant navy deck officers
    • ", + "
  • MSN 1857 (M+F) for merchant navy engineer officers
    • ", + "

    Contact the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) to find out which members of your crew need a CoC.

    ", + "

    Certificate of equivalent competency (CEC)

    ", + "

    A CEC allows officers holding Standards of Training Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW) certificates issued by some non-UK countries to work as officers on UK-registered merchant ships.

    ", + "

    To get a CEC, your crew member must complete the CEC application form. As part of the application process they may be asked to prove their:

    ", + "
  • standards of competency
    • ", + "
  • ability to use the English language (this may include an oral exam)
    • ", + "
  • knowledge of UK law relating to their job
    • ", + "

    Read more about CECs or download part 19 of the MCA\u2019s training and certification guidance for more information.

    ", + "

    Crew agreements

    ", + "

    A crew agreement is an employment contract between a ship or yacht\u2019s owners and its crew.

    ", + "

    All crew agreements must have:

    ", + "
  • a cover with details of the ship and its owners
    • ", + "
  • an up-to-date crew list with names, dates of birth and addresses
    • ", + "
  • a list of anyone on board who is under 18 or exempt from a crew agreement
    • ", + "
  • contractual clauses for each crew member
    • ", + "

    A crew agreement can last up to 12 months. After this period, a new agreement must be drawn up.

    ", + "

    What goes in a contractual clause

    ", + "

    Clauses must include:

    ", + "
  • the name of the crew member
    • ", + "
  • a description of the journey(s) that the agreement relates to
    • ", + "
  • the crew member\u2019s job description
    • ", + "
  • details of their pay, hours and leave
    • ", + "
  • details of required notice and how the crew agreement can be terminated
    • ", + "

    The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) gives guidance on drawing up crew agreements for merchant ships and yachts:

    ", + "
  • download MGN 148 \u2018Approval of crew agreements: merchant ships
    • ", + "
  • download MGN 149 \u2018Approval of crew agreements: yachts
    • ", + "

    Contact MCA for advice on drawing up a crew agreement.

    ", + "

    What to do once you\u2019ve drawn up a crew agreement

    ", + "
  • Get every crew member to sign the agreement when they join the ship and at the end of the journey.
    • ", + "
  • File the agreement with the shipping registry in the ship\u2019s \u2018flag state\u2019 (the country where it\u2019s registered).
    • ", + "
  • Display a copy on board the vessel.
    • ", + "
  • Send a copy (with the official log book, if a merchant ship) to a superintendent or proper officer within 3 days of its expiry.
    • ", + "

    Who signs a crew agreement

    ", + "

    Most of the people on board a ship or yacht must sign the crew agreement. However, certain personnel will have separate employment contracts and won\u2019t have to sign, like:

    ", + "
  • captains
    • ", + "
  • bodyguards
    • ", + "
  • nannies
    • ", + "
  • entertainment staff
    • ", + "

    Travel documents

    ", + "

    All crew members must have either:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport
    • ", + "
  • a Seafarers Identity Document (SID) containing a photograph, signature (or fingerprints) and a description of the holder, including their nationality
    • ", + "

    The standard seafarer\u2019s identity document for British citizens is the British seaman\u2019s card.

    ", + "

    Crew lists

    ", + "

    The master or skipper of a UK-registered ship must provide the ship\u2019s owner with a copy of an up-to-date crew list at the start of each journey. They must also tell the owner if there are any changes of crew during the journey.

    ", + "

    If a ship is lost at sea, the crew list will be used to find out who is missing. The ship\u2019s owner should hand the crew list in to a local Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Marine Office or post it to:

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Maritime safety: weather and navigation", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maritime-safety-weather-and-navigation", + "contents": [ + "

    Maritime Safety Information broadcasts

    ", + "

    HM Coastguard regularly broadcasts Maritime Safety Information (MSI) by radio. MSI includes:

    ", + "
  • information on wind strength and direction
    • ", + "
  • warnings of restricted visibility
    • ", + "
  • updates on sea conditions
    • ", + "
  • navigational guidance and warnings
    • ", + "

    MSI broadcasts may be interrupted or delayed due to search and rescue operations.

    ", + "

    You must check MSI and other weather and tide information to avoid collisions and accidents at sea. You must also make sure that you understand any navigational guidance or warnings that are broadcast to your ship.

    ", + "

    How to receive MSI

    ", + "

    MSI is broadcast:

    ", + "
  • by NAVTEX (Navigational telex) out to 270 miles
    • ", + "
  • on VHF out to 30 miles
    • ", + "
  • on MF out to 150 miles
    • ", + "

    Read the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) guide to maritime safety information, which includes information on broadcast frequencies.

    ", + "

    Weather and tide information

    ", + "

    Weather information at sea

    ", + "

    Find information about conditions at sea from The Met Office provides useful information about conditions at sea, including:

    ", + "
  • a shipping forecast and gale warnings
    • ", + "
  • marine observations which give information on wave height, visibility and sea temperature
    • ", + "

    Longer-term weather outlooks

    ", + "

    You can get an extended outlook with information up to 5 days in advance on the 518 NAVTEX service.

    ", + "

    Information about tides

    ", + "

    The UK Hydrographic Office provide information on tides through the Admiralty Easy Tide Service.

    ", + "

    Navigational guidance and warnings

    ", + "

    You can get navigational information by radio from:

    ", + "
  • navigational warnings, broadcast on either NAVTEX or Inmarsat SafetyNET
    • ", + "
  • NAVAREA (I) warnings, broadcast through EGC SafetyNET
    • ", + "
  • UK coastal navigational warnings broadcast on VHF and MF on selected aerials at 4-hourly intervals
    • ", + "

    Read more about maritime safety broadcast times and medical advice calls.

    ", + "

    In-force navigational warnings are shown on the UK Hydrographic Office (UKHO) website.

    ", + "

    Reporting navigational hazards

    ", + "

    You may get warnings about:

    ", + "
  • damaged or broken lights, fog signals, buoys and navigational aids that affect main shipping lanes
    • ", + "
  • wrecks, reefs, rocks and shoals that might be a danger to main shipping lanes
    • ", + "
  • drifting hazards, such as derelict ships, mines, ice
    • ", + "
  • unexpected changes or closures of established routes
    • ", + "
  • cable or pipe laying, naval exercises or underwater operations that might be a danger for shipping lanes
    • ", + "
  • problems with radio navigation, radio or satellite maritime safety information services
    • ", + "
  • areas to avoid where search and rescue and anti-pollution activities are happening
    • ", + "

    Contact the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) Radio navigational warning helpline if you\u2019ve spotted any of these hazards or want to ask about them.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to contribute toward the cost of broadcasting any necessary warnings if you\u2019re responsible for causing a navigational hazard.

    ", + "

    Navigating safely

    ", + "

    Safe navigation is particularly important in adverse weather and sea conditions.

    ", + "

    Read more about keeping a safe navigational watch on merchant ships.

    ", + "

    Navigation lights, shapes and sound signals

    ", + "

    Your ship must comply with the requirements for navigation lights and other equipment in the \u2018Merchant Shipping (Distress Signals and Prevention of Collisions) Regulations\u2019.

    ", + "

    Restricted visibility

    ", + "

    Read information on navigating in restricted visibility.

    ", + "

    High-speed craft

    ", + "

    Read information on controlling high-speed craft in adverse sea conditions.

    ", + "

    Navigating in the Dover Strait

    ", + "

    The Dover Strait is one of the busiest shipping lanes in the world. The Dover Strait Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) exists to help ships crossing the Dover Strait to navigate safely and avoid collisions.

    ", + "

    Read information about the TSS and guidance for ships in the Dover Strait.

    ", + "

    The Dover Strait and Channel Navigation Information Service (CNIS)

    ", + "

    The Dover CNIS provides a 24-hour radio and radar service for all shipping in the Dover Strait.

    ", + "

    Dover CNIS broadcasts information in the Dover TSS area every 60 minutes (30 minutes if visibility drops below 2 miles). You can find these on VHF radio channel 11.

    ", + "

    Dover CNIS broadcasts information on:

    ", + "
  • weather and sea conditions
    • ", + "
  • navigational hazards, like hampered vessels
    • ", + "
  • misplaced or defective navigational aids
    • ", + "
  • deep draught bulk carriers and tankers
    • ", + "
  • vessels under tow
    • ", + "
  • surveying vessels
    • ", + "
  • unorthodox crossings, such as cross-channel swims
    • ", + "

    Information is also broadcast about any ship that appears to be breaking the \nInternational Regulations for the Prevention of Collisions at Sea to warn other ships of a potential hazard.

    ", + "

    Ships using the TSS are automatically tracked by radar. This information can be used in a prosecution if any ship breaks the law.

    ", + "

    Voyage data recorders

    ", + "

    A voyage data recorder (VDR), often known as the ship\u2019s \u2018black box\u2019, collects and stores information over the course of a ship\u2019s journey, including:

    ", + "
  • the ship\u2019s position
    • ", + "
  • audio from the ship\u2019s bridge
    • ", + "
  • the ship\u2019s speed and heading
    • ", + "
  • depth under the keel
    • ", + "
  • VHF radio communications
    • ", + "

    All VDRs must be tested after installation and then inspected every year.

    ", + "

    Find out more about the requirements for voyage data recorders.

    ", + "

    The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System

    ", + "

    The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) is a maritime communications system used for:

    ", + "
  • emergency and distress messages
    • ", + "
  • vessel-to-vessel routine communications
    • ", + "
  • vessel-to-shore routine communications
    • ", + "

    If you own commercial ships with over 300 gross tonnage, or certain smaller craft, fit them with GMDSS equipment.

    ", + "

    Most offshore yacht races also now insist that competing yachts are GMDSS-equipped.

    ", + "

    Read the Merchant Shipping (Radio Installations) Regulations for more information on who has to fit GMDSS.

    ", + "

    Digital Selective Calling (DSC) for pleasure craft

    ", + "

    It\u2019s voluntary for small leisure craft to have GMDSS, but HM Coastguard strongly recommends that pleasure craft install GMDSS with DSC.

    ", + "

    DSC is a tone-signalling system with the ability to include other information like:

    ", + "
  • a vessel\u2019s identification number
    • ", + "
  • the purpose of the call
    • ", + "
  • your position
    • ", + "
  • the channel you want to speak on
    • ", + "

    Register 406 MHz beacons

    ", + "

    A 406 megahertz (MHz) beacon can send a distress signal via satellites to alert search and rescue authorities to your location. There are 3 types:

    ", + "
  • Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacons (EPIRBs) for ships and boats
    • ", + "
  • Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELTs) for aircraft
    • ", + "
  • Personal Locator Beacons (PLBs) for personal use
    • ", + "

    You must register your 406 MHz beacon with the coastguard and keep your registration up to date.

    ", + "

    If your beacon is activated and a distress signal received, the search and rescue authorities will contact you using the information on the register.

    ", + "

    You must provide an emergency contact who will be called if you\u2019re unreachable.

    ", + "

    Notify the coastguard of changes to your beacon or your vessel - this will help to locate you in an emergency.

    ", + "

    Register or update a registration

    ", + "

    You can register or update a registration online.

    ", + "

    Registration and updates are free.

    ", + "

    Contact the UK Beacon Registry for help with registering.

    ", + "

    Navigation equipment for small commercial vessels

    ", + "

    Small commercial ships should keep a listening watch on VHF channel 16 for any coastguard announcements.

    ", + "

    You should fit VHF DSC (Digital Selective Calling) if your ship needs a fixed VHF channel to receive these broadcasts.

    ", + "

    All new vessels and all those replacing VHF radios must have VHF DSC installed.

    ", + "

    Radio installation

    ", + "

    You must mount any radio aerials as high as you can to get the best possible reception. If your main aerial is fitted to a mast, you should also provide an emergency aerial.

    ", + "

    Contact the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) if you\u2019re not sure of the VHF coverage in the area where you\u2019ll be operating.

    ", + "

    You must make sure that you\u2019re able to charge the batteries that charge the ships\u2019 radio equipment and that they\u2019re protected from flooding.

    ", + "

    Your fixed radio installation should be marked with:

    ", + "
  • the ship\u2019s call sign
    • ", + "
  • codes for the use of the radio
    • ", + "
  • Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number (where applicable)
    • ", + "

    You should also have a card giving information on radio distress, urgency and safety procedures in full view of the radio operating position.

    ", + "

    Navigation lights, shapes and sound signals

    ", + "

    Your ship must meet the requirements of the Merchant Shipping (Distress Signals and Prevention of Collisions) Regulations.

    ", + "

    Small vessels may be exempt from certain requirements, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you only operate between sunrise and sunset or in favourable weather, in which case you do not have to carry navigation lights
    • ", + "
  • your vessel is less than 12 metres in length, in which case you do not have to carry sound signalling equipment
    • ", + "

    Read the rules in section 17 of MGN 280 on navigation lights, shapes and sound signals for small commercial vessels. Rules for other navigational equipment are detailed in section 18.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Operational standards for small vessels", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/operational-standards-for-small-vessels", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Small commercial vessels must follow certain codes of practice.

    ", + "

    This applies to any vessel that:

    ", + "
  • is less than 24 metres long
    • ", + "
  • is less than 150 gross tonnes and was built before 21st July 1968
    • ", + "
  • carries cargo and no more than 12 passengers
    • ", + "
  • provides a service where neither cargo or passengers are carried
    • ", + "
  • is a pilot boat of any size, eg a vessel that take pilots to and from larger ships
    • ", + "
  • isn\u2019t considered a \u2018pleasure vessel\u2019
    • ", + "

    Pleasure vessels

    ", + "

    These are craft used solely for either:

    ", + "
  • sport or recreation by their owners, family, friends or employees
    • ", + "
  • non-profit journeys
    • ", + "

    Pleasure vessels are exempt from the small commercial vessel codes of practice.

    ", + "

    Safety codes of practice

    ", + "

    There are 4 codes of practice for small commercial vessels.

    ", + "

    The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) has produced a guidance note for small commercial vessels that covers these codes of practice.

    ", + "

    Certification

    ", + "

    Any small commercial vessels not used as \u2018pleasure vessels\u2019 must have the right small commercial vessel certificate.

    ", + "

    To get the right certificate, you must arrange a survey of your boat by a Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) approved authority.

    ", + "

    If your boat passes this, it\u2019ll be issued with either a:

    ", + "
  • small commercial vessel certificate
    • ", + "
  • workboat certificate
    • ", + "
  • pilot boat certificate
    • ", + "

    This must be kept on board your boat and is valid for 5 years.

    ", + "

    Boats being surveyed for the first time must also meet stability requirements outlined in section 11 of Marine Guidance Note 280.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in charge of a business boat

    ", + "

    You must have the correct certificate to be in charge of a small business boat.

    ", + "

    Check the appropriate code of practice for your boat to see which certificate you need.

    ", + "

    Operating overseas

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no international code of practice for the safety of small commercial vessels outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Many countries accept commercial vessels with UK certificates, but you may need to follow local safety laws as well.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Seafarer working and living rights", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    All seafarers have working and living rights that include:

    ", + "
  • employment contracts
    • ", + "
  • accommodation
    • ", + "
  • food and medical care
    • ", + "

    A seafarer is anyone who works on board a seagoing ship, including:

    ", + "
  • master and crew
    • ", + "
  • self-employed contractors
    • ", + "
  • shopkeepers and hairdressers
    • ", + "
  • entertainers
    • ", + "

    A seagoing ship is any vessel:

    ", + "
  • on an international voyage or from a foreign port
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic journey from the UK coast
    • ", + "
  • more than 500 gross tonnes
    • ", + "

    The Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006 came into force on 7 August 2014. It replaced all existing laws on seafarers\u2019 rights.

    ", + "

    Working conditions

    ", + "

    There are minimum requirements seafarers must meet to work at sea.

    ", + "

    Minimum age

    ", + "

    The minimum age for seafarers is 16, although this is 18 if the work involves any:

    ", + "
  • night work
    • ", + "
  • hazardous tasks
    • ", + "

    Hazardous tasks

    ", + "

    Manual tasks on a ship can be hazardous if not done properly, like:

    ", + "
  • lifting
    • ", + "
  • hauling
    • ", + "
  • mooring
    • ", + "
  • towing
    • ", + "

    Employers of seafarers must ensure their staff:

    ", + "
  • know how to operate any equipment correctly
    • ", + "
  • are aware of safety procedures
    • ", + "
  • have access to protective personal equipment if needed
    • ", + "

    Medical certification for seafarers

    ", + "

    Anyone in charge of a ship must have an ENG1 seafarer medical certificate.

    ", + "

    Certificates of competency

    ", + "

    Some seafarers will need a certificate of competency before they can carry out certain duties.

    ", + "

    Conditions of employment

    ", + "

    Seafarers\u2019 employment contracts are covered by the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006.

    ", + "

    Working time regulations

    ", + "

    All seafarers on seagoing ships are entitled to:

    ", + "
  • a minimum of 10 hours\u2019 rest in any 24 hour period
    • ", + "
  • 77 hours rest in any 7 day period
    • ", + "
  • at least 4 weeks\u2019 paid annual leave
    • ", + "

    Read the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002 for more information.

    ", + "

    The 'human element'

    ", + "

    The term \u2018human element\u2019 covers anything to do with the interaction between a human and any system aboard ship, and is of high importance in maritime safety and security.

    ", + "

    Factors which affect the human element include:

    ", + "
  • recruitment and selection policies and methods
    • ", + "
  • crew competence, training and experience
    • ", + "
  • conditions of service, motivation and morale
    • ", + "
  • design, construction and ergonomics
    • ", + "
  • standards of build and certification
    • ", + "
  • maintenance
    • ", + "
  • stress and fatigue
    • ", + "
  • security
    • ", + "
  • living and working conditions
    • ", + "
  • manning levels and hours of work
    • ", + "
  • management policies
    • ", + "
  • safety management systems
    • ", + "
  • operational systems
    • ", + "
  • organisational and safety culture
    • ", + "
  • culture of continuous improvement and workforce engagement
    • ", + "

    For more information read \u2018The human element: a guide to human behaviour in the shipping industry\u2019.

    ", + "

    Safe working practices

    ", + "

    All UK ships must carry copies of the \u2018Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen\u2019, unless it\u2019s a fishing boat or pleasure vessel.

    ", + "

    Safe manning of ships

    ", + "

    Employers must ensure their ships have enough properly trained and certificated officers so that it can operate safely at all times.

    ", + "

    There must also be sufficient food on board for the number of seafarers serving.

    ", + "

    Read more in \u2018Merchant Shipping Notice 1868 (M) UK requirements for safe manning and watchkeeping\u2019.

    ", + "

    Noise and vibration

    ", + "

    A seafarer\u2019s employer must carry out risk assessments to identify who\u2019s at risk from noise or vibration in their work and what can be done to reduce or remove these risks.

    ", + "

    Protective personal equipment (PPE)

    ", + "

    A seafarer\u2019s employer must give them suitable protective equipment if they\u2019re performing dangerous tasks.

    ", + "

    You can find further information in the code of safe working practices for merchant seafarers.

    ", + "

    Living conditions

    ", + "

    Seafarers\u2019 living conditions are covered by Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) rules on crew accommodation.

    ", + "

    Food and catering

    ", + "

    Seafarers\u2019 food and catering conditions are covered by MSN 1845 under MLC rules.

    ", + "

    Health and safety

    ", + "

    Employers of seafarers must follow health and safety rules and provide:

    ", + "
  • safe working places and environment
    • ", + "
  • safe machinery and equipment
    • ", + "
  • health and safety training, instruction, supervision and information
    • ", + "
  • a health and safety policy
    • ", + "
  • protective clothing and equipment where necessary
    • ", + "
  • information for workers about the findings of their risk assessment
    • ", + "
  • information on what qualifications any temporary workers must have
    • ", + "
  • information about their activities and staff to the company
    • ", + "

    Risk assessments

    ", + "

    Any vessel seafarers work onboard must have had a risk assessment carried out by their employer or the ship owner.

    ", + "

    New or expectant mothers

    ", + "

    Where women of childbearing age are employed as seafarers, a risk assessment must take place of any potential hazard likely to affect a new or expectant mother.

    ", + "

    It does not matter if they are pregnant at the time of the assessment or not.

    ", + "

    If a risk is found that cannot be removed, a new or expectant mother working as a seafarer can be suspended on full pay providing they have either:

    ", + "
  • told their employer they\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "
  • given birth in the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • are breastfeeding
    • ", + "

    For more information on health and safety rules for new and expectant mothers, contact the Seafarer Safety and Health Branch of the Maritime and Coastguard Authority (MCA).

    ", + "

    Additional dangers

    ", + "

    Seafarers may face additional dangers when living onboard ships.

    ", + "

    Petrol generators

    ", + "

    Ships that use petrol generators must have a risk assessment carried out to make sure they provide:

    ", + "
  • sufficient power for accommodation and lighting
    • ", + "
  • adequate ventilation
    • ", + "
  • adequate alarms - for example, carbon monoxide alarms
    • ", + "

    Fumigating cargo spaces

    ", + "

    If pesticides are on board a ship, employers must make sure:

    ", + "
  • adequate breathing aids are provided for seafarers checking fumigated cargo bulks
    • ", + "
  • the ship\u2019s destination port is told 24 hours in advance of receiving this cargo
    • ", + "
  • properly trained personnel check the relevant cargo bulks at port
    • ", + "

    Illegal drugs

    ", + "

    The unauthorised presence of drugs on board a ship can have serious legal implications for seafarers and employers, potentially resulting in:

    ", + "
  • heavy fines
    • ", + "
  • detention of a ship
    • ", + "
  • imprisonment
    • ", + "
  • the death penalty
    • ", + "

    Potentially dangerous cargo

    ", + "

    If seafarers deal with certain toxic cargo or equipment on board ships, their employer must follow a number of specific requirements.

    ", + "

    You can find further information on specialist ships in section 4 of the Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen.

    ", + "

    Health and medical care

    ", + "

    Employers must protect their seafarers\u2019 health by:

    ", + "
  • providing immunisations for certain infectious diseases
    • ", + "
  • making sure hygiene measures are effective and minimise the risks of infection
    • ", + "
  • making arrangements for infection control
    • ", + "
  • having the right medical supplies
    • ", + "
  • knowing the routes and destinations of their ships
    • ", + "

    Until the UK made the Maritime Labour Convention (MLA) law, seafarers\u2019 health and safety regulations were covered by the Merchant Shipping Act 1995

    ", + "

    Maritime Labour Convention

    ", + "

    The Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) came into force for the UK on 7 August 2014. It sets out the minimum working and living rights for seafarers.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    The MLC does not cover seafarers serving on the following boats:

    ", + "
  • ships navigating inland or sheltered waters subject to port regulations
    • ", + "
  • fishing vessels
    • ", + "
  • warships and naval auxiliaries
    • ", + "
  • traditional ships, such as dhows
    • ", + "

    Minimum requirements

    ", + "

    The MLC sets out minimum standards for seafarers to work on a ship, including:

    ", + "
  • minimum age
    • ", + "
  • medical certification
    • ", + "
  • training and qualifications
    • ", + "

    Age

    ", + "

    The minimum age for seafarers will be 16. Night workers have to be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    Exceptions can be allowed for:

    ", + "
  • training purposes
    • ", + "
  • where the seafarer\u2019s duties require it, as long as their health and safety is not affected
    • ", + "

    Medical certification

    ", + "

    All seafarers must have the right medical certificate to work at sea before they can work on ships.

    ", + "

    Training and qualifications

    ", + "

    Under the MLC, seafarers will need to:

    ", + "
  • be trained and qualified to perform onboard duties
    • ", + "
  • receive personal safety training
    • ", + "
  • for training to conform to International Maritime Organisation standards
    • ", + "

    Find out more about seafarer training and qualifications.

    ", + "

    Conditions of employment

    ", + "

    Under the MLC, seafarers have minimum working rights covering:

    ", + "
  • employment agreements
    • ", + "
  • wages
    • ", + "
  • hours of rest
    • ", + "
  • entitlement to leave
    • ", + "
  • repatriation
    • ", + "
  • compensation for a ship\u2019s loss or foundering
    • ", + "
  • manning levels
    • ", + "
  • career and skills development
    • ", + "
  • employment opportunities
    • ", + "

    Employment contracts

    ", + "

    The convention makes sure contracts between seafarers and shipowner provide fair living and working conditions.

    ", + "

    Contracts should be in English and include:

    ", + "
  • shipowner\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • seafarer\u2019s name, date and place of birth
    • ", + "
  • place and date where agreement signed
    • ", + "
  • conditions for the termination of agreement
    • ", + "
  • health and social security protection benefits provided by shipowner
    • ", + "
  • seafarer\u2019s right to repatriation
    • ", + "

    Seafarers must also be:

    ", + "
  • allowed to read and consider contracts before signing them
    • ", + "
  • given a record of their employment
    • ", + "
  • given their own copy of their contract (the shipowner should also have a copy)
    • ", + "

    Wages

    ", + "

    Under the MLC, seafarers\u2019 wages must be:

    ", + "
  • paid regularly - for example, monthly
    • ", + "
  • include monthly statements of accounts
    • ", + "
  • allow seafarers to transfer part or all of their wages
    • ", + "
  • keep currency conversion charges to reasonable limits
    • ", + "

    Hours of rest

    ", + "

    Hours of rest must be at least:

    ", + "
  • 10 hours in any 24 hour period
    • ", + "
  • 77 hours in any 7 day period
    • ", + "

    Crew exercises, such as lifeboat drills, must cause minimal disruption to rest periods. Seafarers called out in a rest period are entitled to a rest period to make up for it.

    ", + "

    You can read Merchant Shipping Notice (MSN) 1848 (M) Amendment 3 MLC survey and certification of UK ships.

    ", + "

    Holiday pay

    ", + "

    Under the MLC, seafarers are entitled to paid leave calculated at 2.5 days per calendar month of employment.

    ", + "

    Read more about holiday pay for seafarers in the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002.

    ", + "

    Repatriation

    ", + "

    This gives seafarers the right to be returned to their home country:

    ", + "
  • when their employment contract ends or is cancelled
    • ", + "
  • when they\u2019re no longer able to carry out their duties
    • ", + "
  • in the event of shipwreck
    • ", + "
  • if their ship is bound for a war zone they have not agreed to go to
    • ", + "

    Shipowners cannot request advance payment for repatriation from seafarers. If a shipowner does not make repatriation arrangements, seafarers on UK ships can be repatriated by the MCA.

    ", + "

    Accommodation and recreational facilities

    ", + "

    The Maritime and Labour Convention (MLC) ensures seafarers have access to decent accommodation and recreational facilities when living on ships.

    ", + "

    Medical care

    ", + "

    These cover seafarers\u2019 rights to:

    ", + "
  • decent on board health protection facilities, including essential dental care
    • ", + "
  • the right to visit qualified medical personnel while in port
    • ", + "
  • access to a qualified medical doctor on ships carrying more than 100 people on international voyages lasting more than 3 days
    • ", + "
  • where there is no doctor on board, there must be designated and able seafarer(s) to provide first aid and medical care
    • ", + "

    Shipowner\u2019s liabilities

    ", + "

    Under the MLC, if a seafarer suffers accident or disability because of their work the shipowner must provide where necessary:

    ", + "
  • assistance and medical care
    • ", + "
  • repatriation
    • ", + "
  • burial or cremation, if they die
    • ", + "

    The shipowner must have financial cover in case they are liable for compensation for long-term disability or illness.

    ", + "

    A shipowner is not liable when an injury is not related to a seafarer\u2019s duties, when it\u2019s caused by wilful misconduct or when a seafarer intentionally hides an illness or disability.

    ", + "

    Health and safety protection

    ", + "

    Under the MLC, seafarers\u2019 work environments on ships must:

    ", + "
  • have regular risk assessments of workplace hazards - for example, from machinery
    • ", + "
  • take steps to prevent work accidents
    • ", + "
  • have a system for reporting accidents and occupational diseases
    • ", + "

    Enforcement

    ", + "

    Under the MLC, the MCA can withdraw a ship\u2019s maritime labour certificate if seafarer living and working conditions are breached.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Seafarers can complain if the MLC has not been followed. On board a ship seafarers can complain to a manager. On shore seafarers can complain to an MCA surveyor.

    ", + "

    Read MSN 1849 On-board complaints procedure and Marine Guidance Note (MGN) 487 Onshore complaints procedure.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "How to claim tax credits", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-tax-credits", + "contents": [ + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Tax credits have been replaced by Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    You can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit or Working Tax Credit if you already get tax credits. You\u2019ll need to update your existing tax credit claim by\u00a0reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply for tax credits, you can apply for Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.

    ", + "

    When to claim

    ", + "

    Apply as soon as you know you\u2019re eligible so you get all the money you\u2019re entitled to.

    ", + "

    You can claim tax credits at any time of year.

    ", + "

    If you know your income will go down

    ", + "

    Apply straight away if you know your income will drop to a level that means you\u2019ll be eligible for tax credits.

    ", + "

    For example, you could make a claim now if you found out your income is going to drop in 6 months\u2019 time.

    ", + "

    The income levels for Working Tax Credit and Child Tax Credit are different.

    ", + "

    Usually, tax credits are backdated by up to 31 days from the start of your claim.

    ", + "

    Joint claims

    ", + "

    You can apply for tax credits as a single person, or as a couple (known as a \u2018joint claim\u2019) if you\u2019re both 16 or over and living in the UK.

    ", + "

    Usually, you must make a joint claim if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership (and not permanently or legally separated)
    • ", + "
  • you live with your partner as though you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re temporarily living away from one another, for example looking after a relative or working away from home
    • ", + "
  • your partner is working abroad for the government
    • ", + "

    You might also need to make a joint claim if you and your partner are not married or in a civil partnership, but:

    ", + "
  • sometimes live in the same house
    • ", + "
  • have a joint financial agreement
    • ", + "
  • have dependent children
    • ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You do not always make a joint claim because you have a partner. For example, make a single claim if:

    ", + "
  • you live in the UK but your partner lives abroad (unless your partner works for the government)
    • ", + "
  • you both live abroad, you\u2019re from the EEA or Switzerland and you work in the UK but your partner does not
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure

    ", + "

    Call HM Revenue and Customs to find out if you should make a joint claim.

    ", + "

    You must pay back any tax credits you\u2019re not entitled to if you do not make the right sort of application.

    ", + "

    Backdate a claim

    ", + "

    When you make a claim, your tax credits are usually backdated automatically by up to 31 days. You do not have to do anything.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming other benefits

    ", + "

    You have to ask for your tax credits to be backdated if you get:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-based)
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "

    You might not get the full backdated claim if you stopped getting one of these benefits in the last 31 days and you\u2019re claiming both Child Tax Credit and Working Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    Backdating by more than 31 days

    ", + "

    Tax credit claims can sometimes be backdated by more than 31 days if you:

    ", + "
  • apply within a month of getting refugee status
    • ", + "
  • apply within 31 days of qualifying for certain sickness or disability benefits, such as Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    Do not apply to backdate these claims until you\u2019ve been given a decision on your refugee status or disability benefits.

    ", + "

    You should still apply for other tax credits if you already qualify for them, for example if you have children.

    ", + "

    How to backdate a claim

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming over the phone, call HM Revenue and Customs to ask them to backdate your claim.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using claim form, include a page confirming:

    ", + "
  • your name, address and National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • the date you started work
    • ", + "
  • the date you started getting one of the benefits listed, if you\u2019re not in work
    • ", + "
  • the date you got a decision on your refugee status or disability benefits - if you\u2019re applying to backdate by more than 31 days
    • ", + "

    What counts as income

    ", + "

    Usually, what you\u2019re entitled to is based on your income for the last tax year (6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021).

    ", + "

    Income includes:

    ", + "
  • money from employment before tax and National Insurance, including if you cannot work but you\u2019re still getting paid (\u2018on furlough\u2019) - check your P60s, P45s or payslips
    • ", + "
  • earnings if you\u2019re self-employed before tax and National Insurance, including grants from the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme - check your Self Assessment tax return
    • ", + "
  • money from some coronavirus (COVID-19) payments
    • ", + "
  • benefits from your employer (check your P11D)
    • ", + "
  • certain state benefits
    • ", + "
  • money from a pension - including your State Pension
    • ", + "
  • interest on savings
    • ", + "
  • your partner\u2019s income - if you make a joint claim
    • ", + "
  • UK company dividends
    • ", + "
  • profit from a property you own or rent out in the UK
    • ", + "
  • earnings from the Rent a Room Scheme above \u00a37,500 (or \u00a33,750 if you\u2019re a joint owner)
    • ", + "
  • payment above \u00a330,000 because your job ended
    • ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has detailed guidance if you need help working out your income.

    ", + "

    Benefits

    ", + "

    Income includes money from UK state benefits (or their foreign equivalents) except income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) or \u2018tax-free\u2019 benefits. Tax-free benefits include:

    ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • the foreign equivalents of UK tax-free benefits
    • ", + "

    To support your claim, keep records of your income, bills, payslips, benefits, tax credits, childcare and child\u2019s education for the current tax year and at least 2 years before that.

    ", + "

    Work out your hours

    ", + "

    Put the number of hours you work in a normal week on your claim form.

    ", + "

    Add all your hours together if you have more than one job.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve just started work put the hours you expect to work.

    ", + "Type of work | How to work out your hours", + "Employed | Include overtime, but not unpaid breaks", + "Self-employed | Include all the time you spend on your business (once you\u2019ve set it up)", + "Seasonal | Put the hours you\u2019re working at the moment", + "Regular term-time | Put the hours you work during term time", + "Agency | Decide your normal hours with your employer", + "On-call | Only count the hours you\u2019re called to work", + "On standby | Do not count the time when you\u2019re not paid" + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax credits if you leave or move to the UK", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-if-moving-country-or-travelling", + "contents": [ + "

    Your family lives abroad

    ", + "

    If your partner is outside the UK and you do not have children, check the Working Tax Credit guidance for information on whether you can continue to claim.

    ", + "

    You have a child who lives abroad

    ", + "

    If you already get Working Tax Credit and want to add Child Tax Credit to your claim, check if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    If you already get Child Tax Credit, you may be able to make a claim for an additional child if:

    ", + "
  • you are working in the UK
    • ", + "
  • the child is living in the EEA or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • you are supporting the child
    • ", + "

    You must also be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • an EEA or Swiss citizen who has settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • an EEA or Swiss citizen who had a right to reside in the UK on 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • a family member of an EEA or Swiss citizen (who has settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or had a right to reside in the UK on 31 December 2020) and you are residing in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a person with dual nationality, one of which is nationality of an EEA country or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • covered by any of the other conditions in the Withdrawal Agreement with the EEA and Switzerland
    • ", + "

    You usually cannot claim for a child who lives outside the EEA or Switzerland. There\u2019s an exception if your partner is a Crown servant posted abroad.

    ", + "

    You must let HMRC know within a month if your partner or child join you in the UK. This is because your tax credits payments may change.

    ", + "

    Your partner gets benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve got children and your partner gets benefits paid by an EEA country or Switzerland, this may affect your tax credits. You must tell HMRC if you or your partner are paid benefits by an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Some benefits are counted as income, for example benefits paid because of unemployment.

    ", + "

    Going abroad

    ", + "

    Your tax credits will stop if you expect to be away for one year or more.

    ", + "

    You may still qualify for tax credits if you go abroad for a short period, for example on holiday or for medical treatment.

    ", + "Reason for leaving | How long you can get tax credits for", + "Medical treatment for yourself, your partner or your child | Up to 12 weeks", + "Death of your partner, a child or close relative of either you or your partner | Up to 12 weeks", + "Any other reason, for example holidays or business | Up to 8 weeks", + "

    If your trip is going to last longer than 8 or 12 weeks, contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within a month. Your tax credits will end unless:

    ", + "
  • you get UK benefits or State Pension and you live in another European country with a child
    • ", + "
  • you work and pay National Insurance contributions in the UK, but your family lives in another European country
    • ", + "

    You live outside the UK

    ", + "

    You may continue to get tax credits if you\u2019re a Crown servant posted overseas or you live abroad with your child and get UK benefits or the State Pension.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a Crown servant posted overseas

    ", + "

    You may continue to get tax credits, just as if you were living in the UK. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will treat you as being in the UK if any of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you are, or were just before you were posted abroad, \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a series of postings abroad, with no breaks in between - and you are or were \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK immediately before the first of those postings
    • ", + "
  • you were in the UK just before you were posted abroad and the reason you were in the UK was connected to your posting - this can apply to a single posting or to a series of postings
    • ", + "

    Ordinarily resident

    ", + "

    Ordinarily resident means you normally live in the UK, and plan to stay here for the time being. When HMRC decides if you\u2019re ordinarily resident in the UK they\u2019ll look at things like:

    ", + "
  • where your settled home is
    • ", + "
  • where your close family live
    • ", + "
  • why you came to the UK
    • ", + "
  • if you plan to leave the UK permanently in the next 2 or 3 years
    • ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s a Crown servant posted overseas

    ", + "

    You may continue to get tax credits if your partner\u2019s a Crown servant posted outside the UK and you:

    ", + "
  • live with your partner while they work abroad
    • ", + "
  • live in the UK while your partner works abroad
    • ", + "

    You do not need to be ordinarily resident in the UK during the time you\u2019re with your Crown servant partner overseas.

    ", + "

    You have a child - and get UK benefits or State Pension

    ", + "

    If none of the sections above apply to you, you may continue to get Child Tax Credit (or add it to an existing Working Tax Credit claim) if you and your child live in a European Union (EU) member state and you get State Pension or one of the following benefits:

    ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "
  • State Pension
    • ", + "
  • Widow\u2019s Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Bereavement Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit
    • ", + "
  • contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Severe Disablement Allowance
    • ", + "

    You will not be able to get Child Tax Credit if you do not live in an EU member state, unless you (or your partner) are a Crown servant posted abroad.

    ", + "

    Moving to the UK

    ", + "

    You must have been living in the UK for 3 months before you were eligible to claim Child Tax Credit if you moved to the UK on or after 1 July 2014 and do not have a job. This does not apply if you:

    ", + "
  • are a family member of someone who works or is self-employed
    • ", + "
  • are a refugee
    • ", + "
  • have been granted discretionary leave to enter or stay in the UK and you can get benefits
    • ", + "
  • have been given leave to stay as a displaced person and you can get benefits
    • ", + "
  • have been given to leave to stay and have applied for settlement as a victim of domestic violence
    • ", + "
  • have been granted humanitarian protection
    • ", + "
  • were made redundant in the UK (or your family member was) and you\u2019re looking for a job or in training
    • ", + "
  • were working in the UK before but temporarily cannot work because of your health or an accident
    • ", + "
  • have been abroad for less than a year but usually live in the UK and were claiming Child Tax Credits before moving
    • ", + "
  • have been abroad for less than a year but usually live in the UK and were in the UK for at least 3 months before moving
    • ", + "
  • paid Class 1 or Class 2 National Insurance contributions while you were working abroad, and paid these in the 3 month period before returning to the UK
    • ", + "

    Cross-border workers

    ", + "

    You may continue to get tax credits if you regularly travel from:

    ", + "
  • another country to work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • the UK to work in another country
    • ", + "

    Working Tax Credit

    ", + "

    You may continue to get Working Tax Credit if you live in:

    ", + "
  • an EEA country (including Switzerland) and work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • the UK and work in an EEA country (including Switzerland)
    • ", + "

    Child Tax Credit

    ", + "

    You and your partner - if you have one - may continue to get Child Tax Credit for your children if:

    ", + "
  • you work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you pay National Insurance as a worker here
    • ", + "
  • your child lives in an EEA country or in Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • your child is living with your partner or someone else and they depend on you to support them
    • ", + "

    You usually cannot claim for a child who lives outside the EEA or Switzerland. There\u2019s an exception if your partner is a Crown servant posted abroad.

    ", + "

    Childcare costs

    ", + "

    You can usually claim help for your childcare costs through the childcare element of Working Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    To qualify your children must either:

    ", + "
  • be in registered or approved childcare in the UK
    • ", + "
  • be in childcare approved by a Ministry of Defence accreditation scheme abroad - if you\u2019re a Crown servant posted abroad
    • ", + "

    Immigration control

    ", + "

    You usually cannot get tax credits if you\u2019re \u2018subject to immigration control\u2019, although there are some exceptions. You\u2019ll still need to meet the other qualifying rules, for example work the right number of hours.

    ", + "

    When you arrived in the UK your passport may have been stamped. The stamp shows the conditions of your stay in the UK, for example \u2018no recourse to public funds\u2019. Public funds include tax credits and most benefits.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You may continue to get tax credits if:

    ", + "
  • your partner lives in the UK and is not subject to immigration control
    • ", + "
  • one of the examples below applies to you or your partner
    • ", + "

    You have permission to stay in the UK because someone else supports you

    ", + "

    You may continue to get tax credits if someone else is responsible for your maintenance while you\u2019re in the UK. This means they pay for your upkeep and provide you with somewhere to live. This person is often called your \u2018sponsor\u2019, and could be a friend, employer or relative.

    ", + "

    All of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • your sponsor has given the Home Office a written statement saying that they\u2019re sponsoring you
    • ", + "
  • your sponsor has permission to stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living permanently in the UK for at least 5 years, either since you came into the UK or since you started being sponsored (whichever date is later)
    • ", + "

    You may also continue to get tax credits if you\u2019ve been living in the UK for fewer than 5 years, but:

    ", + "
  • your sponsor has died
    • ", + "
  • all your sponsors - if you had more than one - have died
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re from Albania, Morocco, San Marino or Tunisia

    ", + "

    You cannot get Working Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    You may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you\u2019re either working in the UK or you\u2019re not working because you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • retired
    • ", + "
  • pregnant or looking after children
    • ", + "
  • sick or disabled or your partner has died
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re from Turkey

    ", + "

    To continue to get Working Tax Credit you need to be lawfully present in the UK and a Turkish national.

    ", + "

    You may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you\u2019re either working in the UK or you\u2019re not working because you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • retired
    • ", + "
  • pregnant or looking after children
    • ", + "
  • sick or disabled or your partner has died
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re from North Macedonia

    ", + "

    You may continue to get Working Tax Credit if you\u2019re a national of North Macedonia. You\u2019ll need to be lawfully present in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot normally get Child Tax Credit. However, you may continue to if you\u2019ve been getting payments for your children through Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    You claimed asylum before 5 February 2006

    ", + "

    You may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you received financial support for your children through Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Complain about a school", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/complain-about-school", + "contents": [ + "

    Types of complaints

    ", + "

    There are different ways to complain in England depending on whether your child:

    ", + "
  • attends a state school
    • ", + "
  • attends a private school
    • ", + "
  • has special educational needs (SEN)
    • ", + "

    Schools may not consider complaints about behaviour that happens outside the school\u2019s hours or premises \u2013 check the school\u2019s behaviour policy.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to complain about schools in:

    ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Other types of complaint

    ", + "

    For some types of complaint you need to contact a different agency.

    ", + "Complaint | Who to contact", + "Child protection | Local council", + "Criminal behaviour | Police", + "Data protection | Information Commissioner\u2019s Office", + "Discrimination | Equality Advisory and Support Service", + "Employment | An employment tribunal", + "Exam malpractice or maladministration (SATs) | Standards and testing agency", + "Exam malpractice or maladministration (secondary school) | Ofqual and the awarding body", + "

    Legal advice

    ", + "

    You can get free legal advice about schooling and education from Child Law Advice.

    ", + "

    State schools

    ", + "

    State schools include:

    ", + "
  • maintained schools
    • ", + "
  • academies and free schools
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council or call your local police on 101 if you think a child is at risk. Call 999 if a child is in immediate danger.

    ", + "

    How to complain

    ", + "

    Contact the school to discuss the problem first - most problems can be solved this way.

    ", + "

    Follow all the steps in the school\u2019s complaints procedure to make a formal complaint. Every school in England must have one. It\u2019s often on the school\u2019s website and should tell you the kind of complaints the school deals with.

    ", + "

    You may not be able to complain to academies or free schools if you do not have a child at the school.

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Department for Education (DfE) directly if:

    ", + "
  • a child is at risk
    • ", + "
  • a child is missing school
    • ", + "
  • the school is stopping you from following its complaints procedure
    • ", + "

    If you think your complaint was not dealt with correctly

    ", + "

    You can ask DfE to consider your complaint if you\u2019ve followed all the steps in the school\u2019s complaints procedure.

    ", + "

    Tell Ofsted about a problem

    ", + "

    Ofsted cannot respond to or resolve individual complaints but you can still tell Ofsted about a problem with a school. They can use the information you provide to decide when to inspect and what areas to focus the inspection on.

    ", + "

    Private schools

    ", + "

    Contact your local council or call your local police on 101 if you think a child is at risk.

    ", + "

    Call 999 if a child is in immediate danger.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    Follow the school\u2019s complaints procedure - every school in England must have one. It should be published on the school\u2019s website.

    ", + "

    It should tell you what kind of complaints the school will deal with, such as bullying or bad behaviour.

    ", + "

    You cannot complain directly to a private school if you do not have a child at the school.

    ", + "

    Further complaints

    ", + "

    The Department for Education (DfE) cannot investigate individual complaints about private schools. But it has certain powers as a regulator if the school is not meeting standards set by DfE for:

    ", + "
  • education
    • ", + "
  • pupil welfare and health and safety
    • ", + "
  • school premises
    • ", + "
  • staff suitability
    • ", + "
  • making information available to parents
    • ", + "
  • spiritual, moral, social or cultural development of students
    • ", + "

    DfE will consider any reports of a major failure to meet the standards. It can arrange an emergency inspection to look at pupil welfare and health and safety, and make sure serious failings are dealt with.

    ", + "

    DfE can ask the school inspectorates to take minor complaints into account when the school is next inspected.

    ", + "

    You can complain to the DfE by filling in the school complaints form.

    ", + "

    Special educational needs (SEN)

    ", + "

    If you want to complain about a school\u2019s SEN support, you should do it while your child is still registered at the school.

    ", + "

    This includes complaints that the school has not provided the support required by your child\u2019s SEN statement or education, health and care (EHC) plan.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    Follow these steps in order. Move on to the next step if your complaint is not resolved.

    ", + "
  • Talk to the school\u2019s special educational needs co-ordinator (SENCO).
    • ", + "
  • Follow the school\u2019s complaints procedure.
    • ", + "
  • Complain to your local authority.
    • ", + "

    Complain to the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA) instead of the local authority if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the school is an academy or free school
    • ", + "
  • your complaint is not about an SEN statement or an EHC plan
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you disagree with a decision your local authority has made about an SEN statement or an EHC plan.

    ", + "

    Disability discrimination

    ", + "

    Follow the school\u2019s complaints process if you believe a school has discriminated against someone because of their disability.

    ", + "

    If this does not solve the problem, or you do not want to complain to the school first, you may be able to complain to the Special Educational Needs and Disability (SEND) tribunal.

    ", + "

    Who can complain to the SEND tribunal

    ", + "

    You can complain to the tribunal if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • someone with parental responsibility for a young person, or their foster parent or carer
    • ", + "
  • a young person over school leaving age but under 18
    • ", + "

    You can complain to the tribunal about:

    ", + "
  • a school, nursery or pupil referral unit maintained by a local authority
    • ", + "
  • an independent school
    • ", + "
  • a free school, including an academy
    • ", + "

    You cannot complain to the tribunal about:

    ", + "
  • a private nursery, unless it\u2019s part of a school
    • ", + "
  • a further education college
    • ", + "
  • an organisation using a school\u2019s premises
    • ", + "

    Complain to the SEND tribunal

    ", + "

    You must send your complaint to the tribunal within 6 months of the discrimination taking place. If you send your complaint more than 6 months later, you\u2019ll be asked to explain why.

    ", + "

    Your complaint can include events which happened more than 6 months ago, as long as these directly relate to events that have taken place in the last 6 months. The tribunal must be able to treat events as a single complaint about one ongoing issue.

    ", + "

    For example, if your child was permanently excluded from school after a series of fixed-term exclusions which you believe were all because of the child\u2019s disability, the tribunal could treat them as a single complaint.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to make a complaint to the SEND tribunal.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • form SEND4A if you\u2019re a parent making a complaint on behalf of a child
    • ", + "
  • form SEND4B if you\u2019re a young person above school leaving age making a complaint for yourself
    • ", + "

    The address to send it to is on the form.

    ", + "

    You can include details of up to 5 witnesses who you\u2019d like to bring to the hearing on your form.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal if you have any questions about completing the form. They cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    Special Educational Needs and Disability Tribunal

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid.

    ", + "

    You can also get free help and advice from:

    ", + "
  • the Independent Parental Special Education Advice (IPSEA)
    • ", + "
  • your local Parent Partnership Service through the Information, Advice and Support Services (IASS) Network
    • ", + "

    After you make your complaint

    ", + "

    Once the tribunal has registered your complaint, it will ask you and the school you\u2019re complaining about if you agree to the complaint being decided without a hearing.

    ", + "

    If you both agree, the tribunal will make a decision about your complaint.

    ", + "

    If you do not agree, the tribunal will send you a letter telling you if they\u2019ll hold a hearing, and when and where it\u2019ll take place.

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Department for Education (DfE) about a school if the SEND tribunal will not handle your case.

    ", + "

    Attending the hearing

    ", + "

    You may be able to attend the hearing by video link. If you do need to attend in person, the hearing will be close to your home.

    ", + "

    Change or withdraw your complaint before the hearing

    ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • form SEND7 to change your complaint, for example to ask for a different hearing date or add more witnesses
    • ", + "
  • form SEND8 to withdraw your complaint
    • ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    The hearing will usually be attended by:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 tribunal members
    • ", + "
  • a clerk
    • ", + "
  • someone representing the school or local authority you\u2019re complaining about
    • ", + "
  • witnesses
    • ", + "

    You do not have to go to the hearing, but if you do you can ask questions and present the case yourself. If you\u2019re complaining as a young person, your parents can come to the hearing.

    ", + "

    Fill in the attendance form if you want to bring:

    ", + "
  • someone to represent you
    • ", + "
  • someone to support you
    • ", + "
  • witnesses
    • ", + "

    You can ask to have an interpreter at the hearing. They\u2019ll translate what happens but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    You might be asked questions by:

    ", + "
  • your legal representative (if you have one)
    • ", + "
  • the local authority\u2019s representative
    • ", + "
  • the tribunal
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a letter with the tribunal\u2019s decision within 10 working days of the hearing.

    ", + "

    Claiming expenses

    ", + "

    You might be able to claim travel expenses for going to the hearing.

    ", + "

    Your witnesses might also be able to claim expenses for travel and loss of earnings.

    ", + "

    If you bring a friend or relative to the hearing, you might also be able to claim for their travel costs.

    ", + "

    If your complaint is successful

    ", + "

    The school or local authority must act on the tribunal\u2019s decision within a set amount of time.

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Local Government Ombudsman if a local authority does not keep to the decision.

    ", + "

    Local Government Ombudsman

    ", + "

    If your complaint is not successful

    ", + "

    The letter giving the tribunal\u2019s decision will tell you how to apply to:

    ", + "
  • get the decision \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled) if you think there\u2019s been a mistake in the process
    • ", + "
  • ask the tribunal to \u2018review\u2019 the decision, for example if your circumstances have changed since you got the decision or the decision contains a mistake
    • ", + "

    You can also ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals) Chamber if you think the SEND tribunal has made a mistake and acted against the law.

    ", + "

    You must ask for permission to appeal within 28 days of the date on the tribunal\u2019s decision letter.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Types of school", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/types-of-school", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    All children in England between the ages of 5 and 16 are entitled to a free place at a state school.

    ", + "

    State schools receive funding through their local authority or directly from the government. The most common ones are:

    ", + "
  • community schools, which are sometimes called local authority maintained schools - they are not influenced by business or religious groups and follow the national curriculum
    • ", + "
  • foundation schools and voluntary schools, which are funded by the local authority but have more freedom to change the way they do things - sometimes they are supported by representatives from religious groups
    • ", + "
  • academies and free schools, which are run by not-for-profit academy trusts, are independent from the local authority - they have more freedom to change how they run things and can follow a different curriculum
    • ", + "
  • grammar schools, which can be run by the local authority, a foundation body or an academy trust - they select their pupils based on academic ability and there is a test to get in
    • ", + "

    You can find and compare schools in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    Special schools

    ", + "

    Special schools with pupils aged 11 and older can specialise in 1 of the 4 areas of special educational needs:

    ", + "
  • communication and interaction
    • ", + "
  • cognition and learning
    • ", + "
  • social, emotional and mental health
    • ", + "
  • sensory and physical needs
    • ", + "

    Schools can further specialise within these categories to reflect the special needs they help with, for example Autistic spectrum disorders, visual impairment, or speech, language and communication needs (SLCN).

    ", + "

    Faith schools

    ", + "

    Faith schools have to follow the national curriculum, but they can choose what they teach in religious studies.

    ", + "

    Faith schools may have different admissions criteria and staffing policies to state schools, although anyone can apply for a place.

    ", + "

    Faith academies

    ", + "

    Faith academies do not have to teach the national curriculum and have their own admissions processes.

    ", + "

    Free schools

    ", + "

    Free schools are funded by the government but are not run by the local authority. They have more control over how they do things.

    ", + "

    They\u2019re \u2018all-ability\u2019 schools, so can not use academic selection processes like a grammar school.

    ", + "

    Free schools can:

    ", + "
  • set their own pay and conditions for staff
    • ", + "
  • change the length of school terms and the school day
    • ", + "

    They do not have to follow the national curriculum.

    ", + "

    Who can set up free schools

    ", + "

    Free schools are run on a not-for-profit basis and can be set up by groups like:

    ", + "
  • charities
    • ", + "
  • universities
    • ", + "
  • independent schools
    • ", + "
  • community and faith groups
    • ", + "
  • teachers
    • ", + "
  • parents
    • ", + "
  • businesses
    • ", + "

    Types of free school

    ", + "

    University technical colleges

    ", + "

    University technical colleges specialise in subjects like engineering and construction - and teach these subjects along with business skills and using IT.

    ", + "

    Pupils study academic subjects as well as practical subjects leading to technical qualifications. The curriculum is designed by the university and employers, who also provide work experience for students.

    ", + "

    University technical colleges are sponsored by:

    ", + "
  • universities
    • ", + "
  • employers
    • ", + "
  • further education colleges
    • ", + "

    Studio schools

    ", + "

    Studio schools are small schools (usually with around 300 pupils) teaching mainstream qualifications through project-based learning. This means working in realistic situations as well as learning academic subjects.

    ", + "

    Students work with local employers and a personal coach, and follow a curriculum designed to give them the skills and qualifications they need in work, or to take up further education.

    ", + "

    Academies

    ", + "

    Academies receive funding directly from the government and are run by an academy trust. They have more control over how they do things than community schools. Academies do not charge fees.

    ", + "

    Academies are inspected by Ofsted. They have to follow the same rules on admissions, special educational needs and exclusions as other state schools and students sit the same exams.

    ", + "

    Academies have more control over how they do things, for example they do not have to follow the national curriculum and can set their own term times.

    ", + "

    Some schools choose to become academies. If a school funded by the local authority is judged as \u2018inadequate\u2019 by Ofsted then it must become an academy.

    ", + "

    Academy trusts and sponsors

    ", + "

    Academy trusts are not-for-profit companies. They employ the staff and have trustees who are responsible for the performance of the academies in the trust. Trusts might run a single academy or a group of academies.

    ", + "

    Some academies are supported by sponsors such as businesses, universities, other schools, faith groups or voluntary groups. Sponsors work with the academy trust to improve the performance of their schools.

    ", + "

    City technology colleges

    ", + "

    City technology colleges and \u2018 the city college for the technology of the arts\u2019 are independent schools in urban areas that are free to go to. They\u2019re funded by central government - companies can also contribute.

    ", + "

    City technology colleges emphasise teaching science and technology.

    ", + "

    The city college for the technology of the arts teaches technology in its application of performing and creative arts, for example by offering interactive digital design courses.

    ", + "

    State boarding schools

    ", + "

    State boarding schools provide free education but charge fees for boarding. Most state boarding schools are academies, some are free schools and some are run by local authorities.

    ", + "

    State boarding schools give priority to children who have a particular need to board and will assess children\u2019s suitability for boarding.

    ", + "

    Charities such as Buttle UK or the Royal National Children\u2019s Foundation can sometimes help with the cost of boarding.

    ", + "

    Contact the State Boarding Forum for more information about state boarding schools, eligibility and how to apply.

    ", + "

    Private schools

    ", + "

    Private schools (also known as \u2018independent schools\u2019) charge fees to attend instead of being funded by the government. Pupils do not have to follow the national curriculum.

    ", + "

    All private schools must be registered with the government and are inspected regularly.

    ", + "

    Reports on private schools

    ", + "

    All school reports are published online by the organisation responsible for inspecting them. Find out from the school which organisation inspects them.

    ", + "

    Half of all independent schools are inspected by Ofsted.

    ", + "

    The Independent Schools Inspectorate inspects schools that are members of the associations that form the Independent Schools Council.

    ", + "

    Some other schools are inspected by the School Inspection Service.

    ", + "

    Special educational needs

    ", + "

    There are also private schools which specialise in teaching children with special educational needs.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "The national curriculum", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-curriculum", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The \u2018basic\u2019 school curriculum includes the \u2018national curriculum\u2019, as well as religious education and sex education.

    ", + "

    The national curriculum is a set of subjects and standards used by primary and secondary schools so children learn the same things. It covers what subjects are taught and the standards children should reach in each subject.

    ", + "

    Other types of school like academies and private schools do not have to follow the national curriculum. Academies must teach a broad and balanced curriculum including English, maths and science. They must also teach religious education.

    ", + "

    Key stages

    ", + "

    The national curriculum is organised into blocks of years called \u2018key stages\u2019 (KS). At the end of each key stage, the teacher will formally assess your child\u2019s performance.

    ", + "Child\u2019s age | Year | Key stage | Assessment", + "3 to 4 | | Early years | ", + "4 to 5 | Reception | Early years | Teacher assessments (there\u2019s also an optional assessment at the start of the year)", + "5 to 6 | Year 1 | KS1 | Phonics screening check", + "6 to 7 | Year 2 | KS1 | National tests and teacher assessments in English, maths and science", + "7 to 8 | Year 3 | KS2 | ", + "8 to 9 | Year 4 | KS2 | ", + "9 to 10 | Year 5 | KS2 | ", + "10 to 11 | Year 6 | KS2 | National tests and teacher assessments in English and maths, and teacher assessments in science", + "11 to 12 | Year 7 | KS3 | ", + "12 to 13 | Year 8 | KS3 | ", + "13 to 14 | Year 9 | KS3 | ", + "14 to 15 | Year 10 | KS4 | Some children take GCSEs", + "15 to 16 | Year 11 | KS4 | Most children take GCSEs or other national", + "

    Assessments

    ", + "

    By the end of each summer term the school must write a report on your child\u2019s progress and talk it through with you.

    ", + "

    Key stage 1 and 2

    ", + "

    Compulsory national curriculum subjects at primary school are:

    ", + "
  • English
    • ", + "
  • maths
    • ", + "
  • science
    • ", + "
  • design and technology
    • ", + "
  • history
    • ", + "
  • geography
    • ", + "
  • art and design
    • ", + "
  • music
    • ", + "
  • physical education (PE), including swimming
    • ", + "
  • computing
    • ", + "
  • ancient and modern foreign languages (at key stage 2)
    • ", + "

    Schools must provide religious education (RE) but parents can ask for their children to be taken out of the whole lesson or part of it.

    ", + "

    Schools often also teach:

    ", + "
  • personal, social and health education (PSHE)
    • ", + "
  • citizenship
    • ", + "
  • modern foreign languages (at key stage 1)
    • ", + "

    Tests and assessments

    ", + "

    Year 1 phonics screening check

    ", + "

    The check will take place in June when your child will read 40 words out loud to a teacher. You\u2019ll find out how your child did, and their teacher will assess whether he or she needs extra help with reading. If your child does not do well enough in the check they\u2019ll have to do it again in Year 2.

    ", + "

    Key stage 1

    ", + "

    Key stage 1 tests cover:

    ", + "
  • English reading
    • ", + "
  • English grammar, punctuation and spelling
    • ", + "
  • maths
    • ", + "

    Your child will take the tests in May. You can ask the school for the test results.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent the results of your child\u2019s teacher assessments automatically.

    ", + "

    Key stage 2

    ", + "

    Your child will take national tests in May when they reach the end of key stage 2. These test your child\u2019s skills in:

    ", + "
  • English reading
    • ", + "
  • English grammar, punctuation and spelling
    • ", + "
  • maths
    • ", + "

    The tests last less than 4 hours. You\u2019ll get the results in July.

    ", + "

    The school will send you the results of your child\u2019s tests and teacher assessments.

    ", + "

    Key stage 3 and 4

    ", + "

    Key stage 3

    ", + "

    Compulsory national curriculum subjects are:

    ", + "
  • English
    • ", + "
  • maths
    • ", + "
  • science
    • ", + "
  • history
    • ", + "
  • geography
    • ", + "
  • modern foreign languages
    • ", + "
  • design and technology
    • ", + "
  • art and design
    • ", + "
  • music
    • ", + "
  • physical education
    • ", + "
  • citizenship
    • ", + "
  • computing
    • ", + "

    Schools must provide religious education (RE) and sex education from key stage 3 but parents can ask for their children to be taken out of the whole lesson or part of it.

    ", + "

    Key stage 4

    ", + "

    During key stage 4 most pupils work towards national qualifications - usually GCSEs.

    ", + "

    The compulsory national curriculum subjects are the \u2018core\u2019 and \u2018foundation\u2019 subjects.

    ", + "

    Core subjects are:

    ", + "
  • English
    • ", + "
  • maths
    • ", + "
  • science
    • ", + "

    Foundation subjects are:

    ", + "
  • computing
    • ", + "
  • physical education
    • ", + "
  • citizenship
    • ", + "

    Schools must also offer at least one subject from each of these areas:

    ", + "
  • arts
    • ", + "
  • design and technology
    • ", + "
  • humanities
    • ", + "
  • modern foreign languages
    • ", + "

    They must also provide religious education (RE) and sex education at key stage 4.

    ", + "

    English Baccalaureate (EBacc)

    ", + "

    The EBacc is a way to measure how many pupils in a school choose to take a GCSE in these core subjects:

    ", + "
  • English language and literature
    • ", + "
  • maths
    • ", + "
  • the sciences
    • ", + "
  • history or geography
    • ", + "
  • a language
    • ", + "

    Find out more about the EBacc.

    ", + "

    Other compulsory subjects

    ", + "

    Children must also study:

    ", + "
  • sex and relationships education (year 7 onwards)
    • ", + "
  • religious education (RE)
    • ", + "

    They may not have to take exams in these subjects.

    ", + "

    Sex and relationship education

    ", + "

    Sex and relationship education (SRE) is compulsory from age 11 onwards. It involves teaching children about reproduction, sexuality and sexual health. It does not promote early sexual activity or any particular sexual orientation.

    ", + "

    Some parts of sex and relationship education are compulsory - these are part of the national curriculum for science. Parents can withdraw their children from all other parts of sex and relationship education if they want.

    ", + "

    All schools must have a written policy on sex education, which they must make available to parents for free.

    ", + "

    Religious education

    ", + "

    Schools have to teach RE but parents can withdraw their children for all or part of the lessons. Pupils can choose to withdraw themselves once they\u2019re 18.

    ", + "

    Local councils are responsible for deciding the RE syllabus, but faith schools and academies can set their own.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/children-with-special-educational-needs", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) can affect a child or young person\u2019s ability to learn. They can affect their:

    ", + "
  • behaviour or ability to socialise, for example they struggle to make friends
    • ", + "
  • reading and writing, for example because they have dyslexia
    • ", + "
  • ability to understand things
    • ", + "
  • concentration levels, for example because they have ADHD
    • ", + "
  • physical ability
    • ", + "

    Who to talk to

    ", + "

    If you think your child may have special educational needs, contact the SEN co-ordinator, or \u2018SENCO\u2019 in your child\u2019s school or nursery.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council if your child is not in a school or nursery.

    ", + "

    Your local Information, Advice and Support (IAS) Service can give you advice about SEND.

    ", + "

    Support your child can receive

    ", + "

    Your child may be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • SEN support - support given in school, like speech therapy
    • ", + "
  • an education, health and care (EHC) plan - a plan of care for children and young people aged up to 25 who have more complex needs
    • ", + "

    If you or your child got support before September 2014 this will continue until your local council changes it to an EHC plan.

    ", + "

    Special educational needs support

    ", + "

    Your child will get SEN support at their school or college.

    ", + "

    Your child may need an education, health and care (EHC) plan if they need more support than their school provides.

    ", + "

    Children under 5

    ", + "

    SEN support for children under 5 includes:

    ", + "
  • a written progress check when your child is 2 years old
    • ", + "
  • a child health visitor carrying out a health check for your child if they\u2019re aged 2 to 3
    • ", + "
  • a written assessment in the summer term of your child\u2019s first year of primary school
    • ", + "
  • making reasonable adjustments for disabled children, like providing aids like tactile signs
    • ", + "

    Nurseries, playgroups and childminders registered with Ofsted follow the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) framework. The framework makes sure that there\u2019s support in place for children with SEND.

    ", + "

    Talk to a doctor or health adviser if you think your child has SEND but they do not go to a nursery, playgroup or childminder. They\u2019ll tell you what support options are available.

    ", + "

    Children between 5 and 15

    ", + "

    Talk to the teacher or the SEN co-ordinator (SENCO) if you think your child needs:

    ", + "
  • a special learning programme
    • ", + "
  • extra help from a teacher or assistant
    • ", + "
  • to work in a smaller group
    • ", + "
  • observation in class or at break
    • ", + "
  • help taking part in class activities
    • ", + "
  • extra encouragement in their learning, for example to ask questions or to try something they find difficult
    • ", + "
  • help communicating with other children
    • ", + "
  • support with physical or personal care difficulties, for example eating, getting around school safely or using the toilet
    • ", + "

    Young people aged 16 or over in further education

    ", + "

    Contact the college before your child starts further education to make sure that they can meet your child\u2019s needs.

    ", + "

    The college and your local authority will talk to your child about the support they need.

    ", + "

    Extra help

    ", + "

    An education, health and care (EHC) plan is for children and young people aged up to 25 who need more support than is available through special educational needs support.

    ", + "

    EHC plans identify educational, health and social needs and set out the additional support to meet those needs.

    ", + "

    Requesting an EHC assessment

    ", + "

    You can ask your local authority to carry out an assessment if you think your child needs an EHC plan.

    ", + "

    A young person can request an assessment themselves if they\u2019re aged 16 to 25.

    ", + "

    A request can also be made by anyone else who thinks an assessment may be necessary, including doctors, health visitors, teachers, parents and family friends.

    ", + "

    If they decide to carry out an assessment you may be asked for:

    ", + "
  • any reports from your child\u2019s school, nursery or childminder
    • ", + "
  • doctors\u2019 assessments of your child
    • ", + "
  • a letter from you about your child\u2019s needs
    • ", + "

    The local authority will tell you within 16 weeks whether an EHC plan is going to be made for your child.

    ", + "

    Creating an EHC plan

    ", + "
  • Your local authority will create a draft EHC plan and send you a copy.
    • ", + "
  • You have 15 days to comment, including if you want to ask that your child goes to a specialist needs school or specialist college.
    • ", + "
  • Your local authority has 20 weeks from the date they receive the request for the assessment to give you the final EHC plan.
    • ", + "

    Disagreeing with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge your local authority about:

    ", + "
  • their decision to not carry out an assessment
    • ", + "
  • their decision to not create an EHC plan
    • ", + "
  • the special educational support in the EHC plan
    • ", + "
  • the school named in the EHC plan
    • ", + "

    If you cannot resolve the problem with your local authority, you can appeal to the Special Educational Needs and Disability (SEND) Tribunal.

    ", + "

    Personal budgets

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a personal budget for your child if they have an EHC plan or have been told that they need one.

    ", + "

    It allows you to have a say in how to spend the money on support for your child.

    ", + "

    There are 3 ways you can use your personal budget. You can have:

    ", + "
  • direct payments made into your account - you buy and manage services yourself
    • ", + "
  • an arrangement with your local authority or school where they hold the money for you but you still decide how to spend it (sometimes called \u2018notional arrangements\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • third-party arrangements - you choose someone else to manage the money for you
    • ", + "

    You can have a combination of all 3 options.

    ", + "

    Independent support for children of all ages

    ", + "

    Independent supporters can help you and your child through the new SEN assessment process, including:

    ", + "
  • replacing a statement of special educational needs with a new EHC plan
    • ", + "
  • moving a child from a learning difficulty assessment (LDA) to an EHC plan
    • ", + "

    You can find out how to get local support through:

    ", + "
  • Council for Disabled Children
    • ", + "
  • Information, Advice and Support Service Network
    • ", + "
  • your local authority website and search for \u2018Local Offer\u2019
    • ", + "

    If your child got support before September 2014

    ", + "

    Your child will move to an education, health and care (EHC) plan. This will normally happen at a planned review, or when your child moves school. Your council will tell you which.

    ", + "

    Your child will already be getting SEN support if they used to get help through:

    ", + "
  • School Action or School Action Plus
    • ", + "
  • Early Years Action or Early Years Action Plus
    • ", + "

    Support after your child leaves school

    ", + "

    If your child has a statement of special educational needs, they\u2019ll have a \u2018transition plan\u2019 drawn up in Year 9. This helps to plan for their future after they leave school.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll continue to get support during further education. Your child can also ask for an EHC assessment if they need more help than the school or college can provide.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    You can call the Contact a Family helpline for help and advice.

    ", + "

    You can also get help from Independent Parental Special Education Advice (IPSEA).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "School admissions", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/schools-admissions", + "contents": [ + "

    Choosing schools

    ", + "

    If you live in England contact your local council to find:

    ", + "
  • state-funded schools in your area
    • ", + "
  • admission criteria for the schools you\u2019re interested in
    • ", + "

    The process is different if you live in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You can also contact your local council to apply for places at state schools in other areas. You can search online to find schools in England.

    ", + "

    Private schools or home schooling

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re looking for a place at a private school (also called \u2018independent schools\u2019), contact the school directly.

    ", + "

    You can also choose to teach your child at home, known as home schooling.

    ", + "

    Children with special educational needs (SEN)

    ", + "

    If your child has SEN, their Education, Health and Care (EHC) plan will name a school for them. The school must give your child a place.

    ", + "

    You can ask your local council to carry out an assessment if you think your child needs additional support with their educational, health and social needs.

    ", + "

    Find out about a primary or secondary school

    ", + "

    You can find out more by:

    ", + "
  • visiting the school - most schools have open days
    • ", + "
  • reading the school\u2019s most recent Ofsted reports
    • ", + "
  • checking school performance tables
    • ", + "
  • talking to other parents about what they think of the school
    • ", + "

    What schools must publish on their website

    ", + "

    Schools\u2019 websites must include:

    ", + "
  • admission arrangements, including how to apply
    • ", + "
  • details of the curriculum
    • ", + "
  • behaviour policy
    • ", + "
  • links to Ofsted reports
    • ", + "
  • links to performance data
    • ", + "
  • the school\u2019s latest key stage 2 and 4 attainment and progress measures
    • ", + "
  • their policies for children with special educational needs and disabilities
    • ", + "
  • the amount of money they get for taking underprivileged children (the \u2018pupil premium\u2019), what they do with it and the effect it\u2019s had
    • ", + "

    You can also get advice about choosing state-funded schools from your local council.

    ", + "

    Admission criteria

    ", + "

    All schools have admission criteria to decide which children get places. The school or local council usually set these.

    ", + "

    Admission criteria are different for each school. They may give priority to children:

    ", + "
  • who live close to the school
    • ", + "
  • who have a brother or sister at the school already
    • ", + "
  • from a particular religion (for faith schools)
    • ", + "
  • who pass an entrance exam (for selective schools, for example grammar schools)
    • ", + "
  • who went to a particular primary school (a \u2018feeder school\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • who are eligible for the pupil premium or the service pupil premium
    • ", + "
  • whose parent has worked at the school for 2 years or more
    • ", + "

    Your local council can give you information about schools\u2019 criteria and how to apply.

    ", + "

    Children in care

    ", + "

    All state-funded schools must give top priority to admitting children who:

    ", + "
  • are in care or being looked after
    • ", + "
  • have been in care
    • ", + "

    Complain about unfair admission arrangements

    ", + "

    Contact the Schools Adjudicator if you think a school has unlawful or unfair admission arrangements.

    ", + "

    You need to complain by 15 May of the year before you\u2019re applying for a place. For example, to complain about admission arrangements for September 2021 the deadline is 15 May 2020.

    ", + "

    School starting age

    ", + "

    Most children start school full-time in the September after their fourth birthday. This means they\u2019ll turn 5 during their first school year.

    ", + "

    For example, if your child\u2019s fourth birthday is between 1 September 2021 and 31 August 2022 they will usually start school in September 2022.

    ", + "

    If you want your child to start later

    ", + "

    If you do not think your child is ready to start school at the usual time, they can start later - as long as they\u2019re in full-time education by the time they reach \u2018compulsory school age\u2019.

    ", + "

    They can start:

    ", + "
  • part time
    • ", + "
  • part-way through the year
    • ", + "
  • in the next school year, in the September after they turn 5
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to apply for a school place at the same time as everyone else. You request your child\u2019s later start when you apply.

    ", + "

    If your child starts in the September after they turn 5

    ", + "

    Your child will go into year 1. Contact the local council or school if you want your child to start in reception instead. They do not have to agree.

    ", + "

    Compulsory school age

    ", + "

    Your child must start full-time education once they reach compulsory school age. This is on 31 December, 31 March or 31 August following their fifth birthday - whichever comes first. If your child\u2019s fifth birthday is on one of those dates then they reach compulsory school age on that date.

    ", + "

    For example, if your child reaches compulsory school age on 31 March, they must start full-time education at the beginning of the next term (summer term that year).

    ", + "

    Children must stay in full-time education until they reach school leaving age.

    ", + "

    All 3 to 4-year-olds in England are entitled to free early education before they start school full time.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Follow your local council\u2019s application process to:

    ", + "
  • apply for a primary school place
    • ", + "
  • apply for a secondary school place
    • ", + "

    You must still apply for a place, even if the school is linked to your child\u2019s current nursery, infant or primary school.

    ", + "

    Apply directly for:

    ", + "
  • a 6th form place at a school or college
    • ", + "
  • a place at a private school
    • ", + "

    Moving to another area

    ", + "

    You apply through your local council even if you\u2019re applying for schools in another council area or you\u2019ve just moved to England.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from another country, contact the local council in the area where you\u2019re going to live.

    ", + "

    You may need to:

    ", + "
  • supply proof of your new address, for example a mortgage or rental agreement or deeds for the property
    • ", + "
  • prove that you\u2019ll live in the area before the start of the next school term
    • ", + "

    Completing the application

    ", + "

    When you fill in the form (online or on paper) you\u2019ll be asked to list the schools you\u2019re applying for in order of preference.

    ", + "

    Listing only one school will not increase your chances of getting a place there.

    ", + "

    To get a copy of the application form on paper, contact your local council.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    Applications open on different days in each local council area. Find out from your local council when applications open for primary or secondary schools.

    ", + "

    Applying for a primary school place

    ", + "

    You must apply for a primary school place a year before your child can start school.

    ", + "

    Applications open in September and close on 15 January. Your child will be 3 or have just turned 4 when you apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply then even if you want your child to start part-way through the year.

    ", + "

    Applying for a secondary school place

    ", + "

    The deadline for applying is 31 October.

    ", + "

    Your child is less likely to be offered a place at their chosen schools if you miss the deadline for applications.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll find out

    ", + "

    Councils will send offers of school places for:

    ", + "
  • primary schools on 16 April
    • ", + "
  • secondary schools on 1 March
    • ", + "

    If either date falls on a weekend or a bank holiday, offers are sent the next working day.

    ", + "

    You must accept the offer by the deadline given in the offer letter. Otherwise it may be withdrawn and the place given to someone else.

    ", + "

    The local council must provide a place at another school, if your child is not offered a place at any of the schools you\u2019ve applied for. This is usually your nearest school with places still available.

    ", + "

    Applying after the start of the school year

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to find out about applying for a school place once the school year has started (known as in-year applications). They can tell you which schools still have places and how to apply.

    ", + "

    Once your child has been offered a place, they will usually start school at the beginning of the following term.

    ", + "

    School waiting lists

    ", + "

    If your child does not have a place, contact your local council for schools with places.

    ", + "

    You can also put your child\u2019s name down on a waiting list. The \u2018admission authority\u2019 for the school (usually the school itself or the council) must keep a waiting list open for at least the first term of each school year.

    ", + "

    Contact the school or your local council if you want your child\u2019s name added to a waiting list.

    ", + "

    You can add your child\u2019s name to a waiting list even if they have been offered a place at another school.

    ", + "

    If your child is on a waiting list and the school offers you a place, the admission authority will send you a formal offer. You can still accept the offer even if your child has already started at another school.

    ", + "

    Appealing a school's decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a letter with the decision about your child\u2019s school. If your child is refused a place, you can appeal against the decision. The letter will tell you how.

    ", + "

    You must appeal against each rejection separately. You can only appeal once against each rejection.

    ", + "

    Preparing your appeal

    ", + "

    The admission authority for the school must allow you at least 20 school days to appeal from when they send the decision letter.

    ", + "

    The admission authority will set a deadline for submitting information and evidence to support your appeal. If you submit anything after the deadline, it might not be considered and may result in delays to your hearing.

    ", + "

    Coram Children\u2019s Legal Centre may be able to give you advice about appeals.

    ", + "

    When the hearing will be

    ", + "

    The admission authority must give you at least 10 school days\u2019 notice of the hearing.

    ", + "

    Appeals must be heard within 40 school days of the deadline for making an appeal.

    ", + "

    What happens at the appeal hearing

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a panel of 3 or more people at the appeal hearing. The panel must be independent and must follow the school admission appeals code.

    ", + "
  • The admission authority will explain why they turned down your application.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll be able to give your own reasons why your child should be admitted.
    • ", + "
  • The appeals panel must decide if the school\u2019s admission criteria were properly followed and comply with the school admissions code.
    • ", + "
  • If the criteria were not properly followed or do not comply with the school admissions code your appeal must be upheld.
    • ", + "
  • If your reasons for your child to be admitted outweigh the school\u2019s reasons for not admitting any more children at all, your appeal will be upheld.
    • ", + "
  • You will usually be sent the decision within 5 school days.
    • ", + "

    You can read more about school admission appeals.

    ", + "

    Appeals for infant classes

    ", + "

    You need to go through the same process if you\u2019re appealing a decision about an infant class. In reception, year 1 and year 2, the class size is limited to 30. Your application can be turned down if all the classes already have 30 children.

    ", + "

    Your appeal could be successful if:

    ", + "
  • giving your child a place will not increase the class size above the limit
    • ", + "
  • the admission arrangements have not been properly followed
    • ", + "
  • the admission criteria do not comply with the school admissions code
    • ", + "

    Complain about the appeals process

    ", + "

    You can complain about the way the appeal was carried out, but you can not complain about the decision itself.

    ", + "

    Maintained schools

    ", + "

    Complain to the Local Government Ombudsman.

    ", + "

    Fill in the online complaint form.

    ", + "

    If a maintained school becomes an academy

    ", + "

    If you complain about an appeal concerning a maintained school that then converts to academy status, the Local Government Ombudsman will investigate it and pass any actions to the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA).

    ", + "

    Other schools

    ", + "

    Complain to ESFA about an appeal made to:

    ", + "
  • free schools
    • ", + "
  • academies, including university technical colleges and studio schools
    • ", + "

    Fill in the online complaint form.

    ", + "

    Using the online form is the quickest way to make a complaint. If you need a paper form instead, contact:

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your complaint within 9 weeks (45 working days). You\u2019ll be told if it\u2019ll take longer.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter explaining the reasons for the decision.

    ", + "

    If ESFA decides something went wrong with the appeals panel, it may:

    ", + "
  • ask the school to hold a new appeal hearing with a different panel
    • ", + "
  • recommend the school reviews its appeals process
    • ", + "

    Complain about another school matter

    ", + "

    If you have a complaint about a school that is not related to the appeals process, contact the Department for Education.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "School attendance and absence", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-attendance-absence", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must make sure your child gets a full-time education that meets their needs (for example if they have special educational needs). You can send your child to school or educate them yourself.

    ", + "

    Children must get an education between the school term after their 5th birthday and the last Friday in June in the school year they turn 16.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted by either:

    ", + "
  • the school - if your child is enrolled in school and does not turn up (even if they\u2019re only absent for a day)
    • ", + "
  • the council\u2019s education welfare officer - if they think your child is not getting a suitable education at home
    • ", + "

    You can be prosecuted if you do not give your child an education. You\u2019ll normally get warnings and offers of help from the local council first.

    ", + "

    You can get education and attendance information from your council.

    ", + "

    When your child can miss school

    ", + "

    You can only allow your child to miss school if either:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re too ill to go in
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got advance permission from the school
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s extra support available if your child cannot go to school for long periods because of a health problem.

    ", + "

    Holidays in term time

    ", + "

    You have to get permission from the head teacher if you want to take your child out of school during term time.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if:

    ", + "
  • you make an application to the head teacher in advance (as a parent the child normally lives with)
    • ", + "
  • there are exceptional circumstances
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s up to the head teacher how many days your child can be away from school if leave is granted.

    ", + "

    You can be fined for taking your child on holiday during term time without the school\u2019s permission.

    ", + "

    School trips

    ", + "

    Your child\u2019s school can ask you for a voluntary contribution to the cost of activities like school trips. They cannot stop your child from attending if you do not pay, but they should cancel the activity if there is not enough money to cover the cost of it.

    ", + "

    Help with getting your child to go to school

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re having trouble getting your child to go to school, the school and local council can help.

    ", + "

    The school will discuss attendance problems with you and should agree a plan with you to improve your child\u2019s attendance.

    ", + "

    A lot of local councils have teams that help parents improve their child\u2019s attendance at school. The council will tell you if they\u2019re able to help. Forms of help could include:

    ", + "
  • support to reduce the burden on children where families are in difficulty (for example if a child is spending a lot of time caring for someone)
    • ", + "
  • working with families and schools to overcome bullying and other serious problems
    • ", + "
  • a parenting contract
    • ", + "

    Parenting contract

    ", + "

    This is a voluntary written agreement between you and either the local council or the school\u2019s governing body. Between you, you agree to find ways to improve your child\u2019s attendance.

    ", + "

    If you refuse to make a contract or you do not stick to it, it can be used as evidence if the local council decides to prosecute you.

    ", + "

    Legal action to enforce school attendance

    ", + "

    Local councils and schools can use various legal powers if your child is missing school without a good reason. They can give you:

    ", + "
  • a Parenting Order
    • ", + "
  • an Education Supervision Order
    • ", + "
  • a School Attendance Order
    • ", + "
  • a fine (sometimes known as a \u2018penalty notice\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You can be given one or more of these but the council does not have to do this before prosecuting you.

    ", + "

    Parenting Order

    ", + "

    This means you have to go to parenting classes. You\u2019ll also have to do what the court says to improve your child\u2019s school attendance.

    ", + "

    Education Supervision Order

    ", + "

    If the council thinks you need support getting your child to go to school but you\u2019re not co-operating, they can apply to a court for an Education Supervision Order.

    ", + "

    A supervisor will be appointed to help you get your child into education. The local council can do this instead of prosecuting you, or as well.

    ", + "

    School Attendance Order

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a School Attendance Order if the local council thinks your child is not getting an education.

    ", + "

    You have 15 days to provide evidence that you\u2019ve registered your child with the school listed in the order or that you\u2019re giving them home education. If you do not, you could be prosecuted or given a fine.

    ", + "

    Fine

    ", + "

    Your local council can give each parent a fine of \u00a360, which rises to \u00a3120 each if you do not pay within 21 days. If you do not pay the fine after 28 days you may be prosecuted for your child\u2019s absence from school.

    ", + "

    Check your local council\u2019s rules on when you can be fined.

    ", + "

    Prosecution

    ", + "

    You could get a fine of up to \u00a32,500, a community order or a jail sentence up to 3 months. The court also gives you a Parenting Order.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Bullying at school", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bullying-at-school", + "contents": [ + "

    The law

    ", + "

    Some forms of bullying are illegal and should be reported to the police. These include:

    ", + "
  • violence or assault
    • ", + "
  • theft
    • ", + "
  • repeated harassment or intimidation, for example name calling, threats and abusive phone calls, emails or text messages
    • ", + "
  • hate crimes
    • ", + "

    Call 999 if you or someone else is in immediate danger.

    ", + "

    Schools and the law

    ", + "

    By law, all state (not private) schools must have a behaviour policy in place that includes measures to prevent all forms of bullying among pupils.

    ", + "

    This policy is decided by the school. All teachers, pupils and parents must be told what it is.

    ", + "

    Anti-discrimination law

    ", + "

    Schools must also follow anti-discrimination law. This means staff must act to prevent discrimination, harassment and victimisation within the school. This applies to all schools in England and Wales, and most schools in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland has different anti-discrimination law.

    ", + "

    Reporting bullying

    ", + "

    You should report bullying to your school in the first place - or someone you trust if it happens outside school, for example in a club or online.

    ", + "

    Tell the police if the bullying involves a crime.

    ", + "

    Schools - reporting bullying

    ", + "

    School staff will deal with bullying in different ways, depending on how serious the bullying is.

    ", + "

    They might deal with it in school, for example by disciplining bullies, or they might report it to the police or social services.

    ", + "

    Any discipline must take account of special educational needs or disabilities that the pupils involved may have.

    ", + "

    You can complain about a school if you think it hasn\u2019t dealt with your concerns.

    ", + "

    Police - reporting bullying

    ", + "

    Anyone can make a complaint to the police about bullying but it\u2019s usually a good idea to speak to your school first.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re reporting cyberbullying, keep a record of the date and time of the calls, emails or texts - don\u2019t delete any messages you receive.

    ", + "

    Call 999 if you or someone else is in immediate danger.

    ", + "

    Where to get help and advice

    ", + "

    There are lots of organisations that provide support and advice if you\u2019re worried about bullying:

    ", + "
  • Anti-Bullying Alliance
    • ", + "
  • Bullying UK
    • ", + "
  • Childline
    • ", + "
  • The Diana Award
    • ", + "
  • Internet Matters
    • ", + "
  • Kidscape
    • ", + "
  • The UK Safer Internet Centre
    • ", + "
  • UK Council for Child Internet Safety (UKCCIS)
    • ", + "

    Bullying outside school

    ", + "

    Head teachers have the legal power to make sure pupils behave outside of school premises (state schools only).

    ", + "

    This includes bullying that happens anywhere off the school premises, for example on public transport or in a town centre.

    ", + "

    School staff can also choose to report bullying to the police or local council.

    ", + "

    Bullying - a definition

    ", + "

    There is no legal definition of bullying.

    ", + "

    However, it\u2019s usually defined as behaviour that is:

    ", + "
  • repeated
    • ", + "
  • intended to hurt someone either physically or emotionally
    • ", + "
  • often aimed at certain groups, for example because of race, religion, gender or sexual orientation
    • ", + "

    It takes many forms and can include:

    ", + "
  • physical assault
    • ", + "
  • teasing
    • ", + "
  • making threats
    • ", + "
  • name calling
    • ", + "
  • cyberbullying - bullying via mobile phone or online (for example email, social networks and instant messenger)
    • ", + "

    Your school should have its own policy to stop bullying.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "School discipline and exclusions", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-discipline-exclusions", + "contents": [ + "

    Discipline

    ", + "

    School behaviour policy

    ", + "

    Every school has a behaviour policy, which lists the rules of conduct for pupils before and after school as well as during the school day.

    ", + "

    The policy should also say what the school does to prevent bullying.

    ", + "

    You can ask the school for a copy of the policy document.

    ", + "

    Punishments

    ", + "

    Schools can punish pupils if they behave badly.

    ", + "

    Examples of punishments (sometimes called \u2018sanctions\u2019) include:

    ", + "
  • a telling-off
    • ", + "
  • a letter home
    • ", + "
  • removal from a class or group
    • ", + "
  • confiscating something inappropriate for school , eg mobile phone or MP3 player
    • ", + "
  • detention
    • ", + "

    Detention

    ", + "

    Schools don\u2019t have to give parents notice of after-school detentions or tell them why a detention has been given.

    ", + "

    Physical contact

    ", + "

    School staff can use reasonable force to control and restrain pupils. This could include leading a pupil by the arm into a classroom.

    ", + "

    Complaining about a punishment

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the way your child\u2019s been punished, first talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.

    ", + "

    Exclusions

    ", + "

    Headteachers can exclude your child if they misbehave in or outside school.

    ", + "

    What happens when your child is excluded

    ", + "

    Your child\u2019s school will let you know about an exclusion as soon as possible. They\u2019ll follow up with a letter telling you how long your child is excluded for and why.

    ", + "

    You should also be told how to challenge the exclusion, if you want to.

    ", + "

    Exclusions can start on the same day but the school shouldn\u2019t make you collect your child straight away.

    ", + "

    Risk of prosecution if child is found in public place

    ", + "

    For the first 5 school days of an exclusion, it\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child isn\u2019t in a public place during normal school hours unless there is a good reason.

    ", + "

    You might be prosecuted if your child is found in a public place when they\u2019re not supposed to be.

    ", + "

    Child Law Advice has more information on what happens when a child is excluded.

    ", + "

    Types of exclusion

    ", + "

    There are 2 kinds of exclusion - fixed period (suspended) and permanent (expelled).

    ", + "

    Fixed period exclusion

    ", + "

    A fixed period exclusion is where your child is temporarily removed from school. They can only be removed for up to 45 school days in one school year, even if they\u2019ve changed school.

    ", + "

    If a child has been excluded for a fixed period, schools should set and mark work for the first 5 school days.

    ", + "

    If the exclusion is longer than 5 school days, the school must arrange suitable full-time education from the sixth school day, eg at a pupil referral unit.

    ", + "

    Permanent exclusion

    ", + "

    Permanent exclusion means your child is expelled. Your local council must arrange full-time education from the sixth school day.

    ", + "

    Alternative education and exclusion

    ", + "

    The school or local council must tell you about any alternative education they arrange. It\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child attends.

    ", + "

    Making a complaint

    ", + "

    If alternative education isn\u2019t arranged within 5 days, or you\u2019re not happy with the education, you can complain to:

    ", + "
  • the school, for fixed period exclusions
    • ", + "
  • the local council, for permanent exclusions
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not happy with the response, you can complain to the Department for Education (DfE).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that you followed the school or council\u2019s complaints procedure.

    ", + "

    Challenging exclusion

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the school telling you what to do if you disagree with the exclusion.

    ", + "

    You can ask the school\u2019s governing body to overturn the exclusion if either:

    ", + "
  • your child has been excluded for more than 5 days
    • ", + "
  • the exclusion means they\u2019ll miss a public exam or national curriculum test
    • ", + "

    If the exclusion is for 5 days or fewer, you can still ask the governors to hear your views but they can\u2019t overturn the headteacher\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Challenging permanent exclusion

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be invited to a review meeting with the school\u2019s governors if your child has been permanently excluded. This will happen within 15 school days.

    ", + "

    If the governors don\u2019t overturn the exclusion, you can ask for an independent review by your local council (or academy trust if the school\u2019s an academy). The governors must tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    If your child is still excluded you can ask the Local Government Ombudsman (or the Education Funding Agency if the school\u2019s an academy or free school) to look at whether your case was handled properly. They can\u2019t overturn the exclusion.

    ", + "

    Discrimination and other complaints

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to a court or a tribunal if you think your child\u2019s been discriminated against. You need to do this within 6 months of the exclusion.

    ", + "

    Contact the Equality Advisory Support Service for help and advice.

    ", + "

    For more general complaints (eg if you don\u2019t want to challenge the exclusion but you\u2019re not happy with the way the school handled it), follow the normal school complaints process.

    ", + "

    Searches

    ", + "

    Searches without your child\u2019s consent

    ", + "

    The school doesn\u2019t need your child\u2019s consent to search them if they think your child has prohibited items, including:

    ", + "
  • weapons, eg knives
    • ", + "
  • alcohol
    • ", + "
  • illegal drugs
    • ", + "
  • stolen goods
    • ", + "
  • tobacco products, eg cigarettes
    • ", + "
  • pornographic images (of any kind, eg tabloid topless pictures and \u2018lads\u2019 mags\u2019 as well as extreme adult material)
    • ", + "
  • fireworks
    • ", + "
  • anything that has been, or is likely to be, used to cause injury or commit an offence
    • ", + "
  • anything banned in the school rules
    • ", + "

    These things can be confiscated.

    ", + "

    Legal requirements of a search

    ", + "

    There should normally be 2 members of staff present during the search - the person doing the search and the search witness. Searches should normally be done by someone the same sex as your child.

    ", + "

    The search witness must also be the same sex as your child if possible. Your child must not be asked to remove clothes, other than outer clothing like a coat.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a risk of serious harm to a person if the search is not conducted immediately, a child may be searched by a person of the opposite sex and without another member of staff present.

    ", + "

    Metal detectors

    ", + "

    Schools can make pupils go through a metal detector - they don\u2019t have to suspect that your child has a weapon. If your child refuses to go through the metal detector, they can be stopped from coming into school.

    ", + "

    Complaining about a search

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with a search on your child at school, talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Give up (renounce) British citizenship or nationality", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renounce-british-nationality", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to give up (renounce) your British citizenship or status. If accepted, you\u2019ll get a \u2018declaration of renunciation\u2019 that you can use to show that you\u2019re no longer British.

    ", + "

    You might do this, for example, if you want to become a citizen of another country that does not allow dual citizenship.

    ", + "

    You can renounce your:

    ", + "
  • British citizenship
    • ", + "
  • British overseas territories citizenship
    • ", + "
  • British overseas citizenship
    • ", + "
  • British subject status
    • ", + "
  • British national (overseas) status
    • ", + "

    You can give up more than one at a time.

    ", + "

    Giving up your citizenship or status only affects you and not any other members of your family - although it could affect the status of any children you have in future.

    ", + "

    Your right to live in the UK will be affected if you give up citizenship.

    ", + "

    When you can give up your citizenship

    ", + "

    You can only give up your British citizenship or status if either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you already have another citizenship or nationality
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re going to get another citizenship or nationality after giving up your British citizenship or status
    • ", + "

    You must also be:

    ", + "
  • aged 18 or over (unless you\u2019re under 18 and married)
    • ", + "
  • of sound mind (unless it\u2019s decided that it\u2019s in your best interest)
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Fill in the form online. You\u2019ll usually be able to keep your documents while your application is being processed.

    ", + "

    If you live in the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or a British overseas territory, you have to apply in person or by post instead. Check which you can do with your governor\u2019s office.

    ", + "

    If you live elsewhere, you can apply by post. This will take much longer than applying online because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Avoid applying by post, especially if you need your documents back by a specific date.

    ", + "

    It is taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus. This will not affect the decision.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018declaration of renunciation\u2019 if your application is successful. This will be your application form, officially signed and stamped.

    ", + "

    The date your citizenship or status stops will be shown on the form.

    ", + "

    Your supporting documents will be returned to you whether you\u2019re successful or not.

    ", + "

    It is taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19). This will not affect the decision.

    ", + "

    Time limits if you\u2019re getting another citizenship

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have 6 months from when you received your declaration to get another citizenship - otherwise the declaration will no longer be valid and you\u2019ll keep your British citizenship or status.

    ", + "

    Resume your British nationality

    ", + "

    In some cases it\u2019s possible to resume your British nationality after renouncing it.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to check if you can apply.

    ", + "

    It is taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19). This will not affect the decision. You\u2019ll get extra time to provide your fingerprints, photo and additional information, and to book a citizenship ceremony.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Fill in the form online. You\u2019ll usually be able to keep your documents while your application is being processed.

    ", + "

    If you live in the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or a British overseas territory, you have to apply in person or by post instead. Check which you can do with your governor\u2019s office.

    ", + "

    If you live elsewhere, you can apply by post. This will take much longer than applying online because of coronavirus. Avoid applying by post, especially if you need your documents back by a specific date.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Fee

    ", + "

    Pay the current fee for registration.

    ", + "

    Your fee will not be refunded if your application is refused.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or a British overseas territory

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told the fee for providing your biometric information when you apply.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your copy of your declaration of renunciation (either form RN1 or R6)
    • ", + "
  • your passport, or certificate of naturalisation or registration for your current citizenship or nationality
    • ", + "
  • an official letter or statement from the country you\u2019re currently a citizen or national of saying that if you had not given up your British citizenship you\u2019d have lost or failed to get your current citizenship or nationality
    • ", + "

    If you gave up United Kingdom and Colonies citizenship you\u2019ll also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • the birth, naturalisation or registration certificate of the person you have the connection to the UK with, and evidence of your relationship to that person, for example a birth, marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you gave up citizenship because you believed you\u2019d be deprived of your citizenship of a Commonwealth country unless you did so - this should be a separate letter explaining this plus any supporting documents
    • ", + "

    You may have to provide different documents if you originally gave up citizenship for a reason other than you\u2019d have lost or failed to get citizenship of another country - read the guidance for details.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or a British overseas territory

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to provide your biometric information and supporting documents when you apply.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Windrush Scheme: get a document showing your right to be in the UK", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re settled in the UK but do not have a document to prove it, you may be eligible to apply to the \u2018Windrush Scheme\u2019.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973
    • ", + "
  • your parents came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973
    • ", + "
  • you came to the UK from any country before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply.

    ", + "

    You might also be entitled to apply for citizenship for free if you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen who settled in the UK before 1 January 1973, or you\u2019re the child of someone who did.

    ", + "

    If you suffered losses because you did not have documents

    ", + "

    If you are eligible for this scheme, you might also be able to apply for compensation. The compensation scheme is for losses that happened because you could not show that you had a right to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    \u2018Losses\u2019 can be things like not being able to work, find a place to live or get health treatment. They can also include immigration action, like detention or removal from the UK.

    ", + "

    You arrived before 1973 from a Commonwealth country

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen
    • ", + "
  • you were settled in the UK before 1 January 1973
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019re entitled to depends on whether you:

    ", + "
  • have been living in the UK continuously
    • ", + "
  • left the UK for more than 2 years and came back
    • ", + "
  • are outside the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been living in the UK continuously

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously, or have the right of abode, you can apply for one of the following:

    ", + "
  • British citizenship
    • ", + "
  • evidence you have the right of abode
    • ", + "
  • a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain
    • ", + "

    Contact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve left the UK for more than 2 years and come back

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been away from the UK for more than 2 years at some point and are now lawfully in the UK, you might be entitled to indefinite leave to remain.

    ", + "

    If you already have indefinite leave to remain you might be able to apply for either:

    ", + "
  • a document to prove you have this
    • ", + "
  • British citizenship
    • ", + "

    Contact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve left the UK and have lost your indefinite leave to remain, you might be entitled to:

    ", + "
  • a Returning Resident visa
    • ", + "
  • a 10 year multiple entry visa
    • ", + "

    Contact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You're the child of a Commonwealth citizen who arrived before 1973

    ", + "

    You can apply for British citizenship or a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain.

    ", + "

    If you do not have indefinite leave to remain but are here lawfully, you can apply for it through the scheme.

    ", + "

    To apply, one of your parents must be a Commonwealth citizen and either:

    ", + "
  • was settled in the UK before 1 January 1973
    • ", + "
  • had the right of abode
    • ", + "

    One of the following must also be true:

    ", + "
  • you were born in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you came to live in the UK before turning 18
    • ", + "

    You must have lived continuously in the UK since arriving (or being born) here.

    ", + "

    Contact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    You arrived before 1989

    ", + "

    You can apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if you came to live in the UK before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here.

    ", + "

    You can be of any nationality.

    ", + "

    Contact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply, the Home Office will work with other government departments to find records of you living in the UK.

    ", + "

    None of your information will be shared with immigration enforcement teams.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    Apply using the Windrush Scheme application form (UK).

    ", + "

    Post it to the address on the form with your supporting documents.

    ", + "

    The Windrush helpline can post a paper form to you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply using an online form.

    ", + "

    Fee

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The Windrush taskforce will get in touch with you if they have any questions about your application, or if they need more information.

    ", + "

    Give your fingerprints and photo

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to provide your fingerprints and photo (\u2018biometric information\u2019) once you\u2019ve sent in your form. You will not have to pay anything to do this.

    ", + "

    Commonwealth countries

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for the Windrush Scheme if you arrived in the UK from any country before 1989.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible if you or your parent is a citizen of one of the following Commonwealth countries:

    ", + "
  • Anguilla
    • ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • The Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Bangladesh
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Bermuda
    • ", + "
  • Botswana
    • ", + "
  • British Antarctic Territory
    • ", + "
  • British Indian Ocean Territory
    • ", + "
  • Brunei
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Cayman Islands
    • ", + "
  • Cyprus (excluding the Sovereign base area)
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Falkland Islands
    • ", + "
  • Fiji
    • ", + "
  • The Gambia
    • ", + "
  • Ghana
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Hong Kong
    • ", + "
  • India
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Kenya
    • ", + "
  • Kiribati
    • ", + "
  • Lesotho
    • ", + "
  • Malawi
    • ", + "
  • Malaysia
    • ", + "
  • Maldives
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • Mauritius
    • ", + "
  • Monserrat
    • ", + "
  • Namibia
    • ", + "
  • Nauru
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Nigeria
    • ", + "
  • Pakistan
    • ", + "
  • Papua New Guinea
    • ", + "
  • Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands
    • ", + "
  • Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
    • ", + "
  • Saint Lucia
    • ", + "
  • Samoa
    • ", + "
  • Seychelles
    • ", + "
  • Sierra Leone
    • ", + "
  • Singapore
    • ", + "
  • Solomon Islands
    • ", + "
  • South Africa
    • ", + "
  • South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
    • ", + "
  • Sri Lanka
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and The Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Swaziland
    • ", + "
  • Tanzania
    • ", + "
  • Tonga
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • Turks and Caicos Islands
    • ", + "
  • Tuvalu
    • ", + "
  • Uganda
    • ", + "
  • Vanuatu
    • ", + "
  • Virgin Islands
    • ", + "
  • Zambia
    • ", + "
  • Zimbabwe
    • ", + "

    Contact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Windrush helpline

    ", + "

    The Windrush helpline can:

    ", + "
  • help you make a claim
    • ", + "
  • give extra support to those who need it - for example, elderly or vulnerable claimants
    • ", + "
  • post a form to you
    • ", + "

    If you are outside the UK, email the helpline and request a call back.

    ", + "

    Outside of the helpline opening hours, you can leave a message to ask for your call to be returned at a convenient time.

    ", + "

    You can also sign up for email updates about the scheme.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Apply for a veterans badge or a medal", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "contents": [ + "

    Apply for a veterans badge

    ", + "

    You can get an armed forces veterans badge if you\u2019ve served in any of the UK armed forces - there\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply if you were in the:

    ", + "
  • army
    • ", + "
  • Royal Navy
    • ", + "
  • Royal Marines
    • ", + "
  • Royal Air Force (RAF)
    • ", + "
  • volunteer or regular reserves
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply if you:

    ", + "
  • served in the armed forces of another country
    • ", + "
  • served alongside the UK armed forces, for example in the Canadian Navy or Royal Australian Air Force
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died

    ", + "

    You can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get either:

    ", + "
  • a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension
    • ", + "
  • compensation under the Survivors Guaranteed Income Payment (SGIP)
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application for an armed forces veterans badge.

    ", + "

    You can also call the enquiries line to get a paper application form sent to you.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give as much information on the form as possible, such as:

    ", + "
  • the force you served in, for example the army or Royal Navy
    • ", + "
  • service number
    • ", + "
  • period of service
    • ", + "

    Post the form to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get your veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.

    ", + "

    You can also apply for a medal if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    If you lose your badge, you can apply for a replacement.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    If you need to contact MOD about your veterans badge application, you can phone, fax or send an email to dbs-modmo-vetsbadge@mod.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a veterans badge by email.

    ", + "

    Apply for a medal

    ", + "

    You can apply for a medal if you served in the armed forces and are eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out the types of medal the Ministry of Defence (MOD) issues.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for World War 1 medals if the original was returned.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply if you were awarded a medal for service in any of the following:

    ", + "
  • the army
    • ", + "
  • the Royal Navy
    • ", + "
  • the Royal Marines
    • ", + "
  • the Royal Air Force (RAF)
    • ", + "
  • the Home Guard
    • ", + "
  • the reserve forces
    • ", + "

    You must meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal

    ", + "

    You can apply on behalf of a veteran if you have lasting power of attorney.

    ", + "

    If the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules for the official next of kin are:

    ", + "
  • the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has the first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child
    • ", + "
  • if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the parent is entitled to apply
    • ", + "
  • if there\u2019s no spouse, child or parent, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the medal application form.

    ", + "

    Apply through your unit if you\u2019re still serving in the armed forces.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone else, you must include a copy of either your lasting power of attorney or a death certificate.

    ", + "

    Post the form, along with any supporting documents, to the MOD Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get your medal within 12 weeks of sending the application form.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a replacement medal if the original\u2019s been stolen or accidentally destroyed, for example in a fire.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    If you need to contact MOD about your medal application, email dbs-medals@mod.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    Replace a badge or medal

    ", + "

    You can get the first replacement veterans badge for free.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a replacement medal - it depends how it was lost. You\u2019ll have to pay for the replacement medal plus a fee.

    ", + "

    Replace a veterans badge

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions for applying for a veterans badge - you can use the same form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get your replacement veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay a fee if it\u2019s the first veterans badge you\u2019re replacing.

    ", + "

    Replace a medal

    ", + "

    You can only get a replacement medal from the Ministry of Defence (MOD) if it was stolen or destroyed, for example in a fire or flood. The medal must have been awarded for service after World War 1.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show proof by providing a copy of either a:

    ", + "
  • police crime report
    • ", + "
  • successful insurance claim listing the individual items
    • ", + "

    You can also buy replacement medals from a licensed medal dealer.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the medal application form to ask for a replacement medal. Post the form to the MOD Medal Office, along with:

    ", + "
  • a letter explaining how the medal was stolen or destroyed
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the police report or insurance claim
    • ", + "

    The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Contact your unit\u2019s human resources (HR) department if you\u2019re currently serving in the armed forces.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the Medal Office - usually within 10 working days of when your application\u2019s received.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how much the replacement will cost and how to pay if your application\u2019s successful. The cost depends on the type of medal. It includes an administration fee.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the replacement within 4 weeks from the Medal Office getting your payment.

    ", + "

    Apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge

    ", + "

    You can apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge if you:

    ", + "
  • were a Merchant Navy seafarer or fisherman
    • ", + "
  • served in a vessel used to support the UK Armed Forces
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died

    ", + "

    You can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for a badge through the Merchant Navy Association.

    ", + "

    Members of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a member of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary, apply for the armed forces veterans badge.

    ", + "

    Apply for a UK merchant navy medal

    ", + "

    You can apply for a UK merchant navy medal if you were a member of the merchant navy and you:

    ", + "
  • served in a vessel used to support the UK armed forces
    • ", + "
  • meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Complete the application form and send it to the address on the form. You\u2019ll also need to send your seaman\u2019s discharge book.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal

    ", + "

    You can apply for someone else if either:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve died
    • ", + "
  • you have lasting power of attorney
    • ", + "

    You must include a copy of the death certificate or your lasting power of attorney.

    ", + "

    If the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules are:

    ", + "
  • the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child
    • ", + "
  • if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply
    • ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision within 30 working days of your application being received.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Email seafarers_registry@mcga.gov.uk if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    Replace a lost or stolen medal

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to complete the application form if your medal is lost or has been stolen.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal or complain

    ", + "

    You can write to or email the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office if you want to:

    ", + "
  • appeal a decision
    • ", + "
  • complain about how you\u2019ve been treated
    • ", + "

    You should include any new evidence you have if you make an appeal.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Become a magistrate", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-magistrate", + "contents": [ + "

    What magistrates do

    ", + "

    Magistrates are volunteers who hear cases in courts in their community. They can hear cases in the criminal court, the family court, or both.

    ", + "

    Each case is usually heard by 3 magistrates, including a magistrate who is trained to act as a chairperson.

    ", + "

    A legal adviser in the court gives advice on the law and makes sure the magistrates follow the right procedures.

    ", + "

    Criminal cases

    ", + "

    All criminal cases begin in a magistrates\u2019 court.

    ", + "

    Magistrates pass the most serious crimes (for example murder, rape and robbery) to the Crown Court. Magistrates decide if the defendant should be:

    ", + "
  • kept in custody - for example in a police or court cell
    • ", + "
  • let out on strict conditions - for example to keep away from named places or people
    • ", + "

    Magistrates deal with crimes like:

    ", + "
  • minor assaults
    • ", + "
  • motoring offences
    • ", + "
  • theft
    • ", + "
  • handling stolen goods
    • ", + "
  • TV licence evasion
    • ", + "

    Magistrates can give punishments such as:

    ", + "
  • fines
    • ", + "
  • unpaid work in the community
    • ", + "
  • prison for up to 6 months (or up to 12 months for more than 1 crime)
    • ", + "

    Family cases

    ", + "

    Magistrates can also hear cases at a family court.

    ", + "

    These magistrates deal with cases about children. They can:

    ", + "
  • arrange for a child to be taken into care or put up for adoption
    • ", + "
  • help separated parents make arrangements for their children
    • ", + "
  • enforce child maintenance orders
    • ", + "
  • make court orders to prevent domestic abuse
    • ", + "

    These magistrates can get advice from the child\u2019s guardian or a family court adviser during the case.

    ", + "

    Who can be a magistrate

    ", + "

    You need to give up some of your spare time and not everyone can serve as a magistrate.

    ", + "

    Qualifications

    ", + "

    You do not need formal qualifications or legal training to become a magistrate.

    ", + "

    You will get full training for the role, and a legal adviser in court will help you with questions about the law.

    ", + "

    Age

    ", + "

    You have to be over 18 and under 65.

    ", + "

    Magistrates must retire at 70 and are normally expected to serve for at least 5 years.

    ", + "

    Health

    ", + "

    You need to be able to hear clearly, with or without a hearing aid, to listen to a case.

    ", + "

    You also need to be able to sit and concentrate for long periods of time.

    ", + "

    Personal qualities

    ", + "

    You need to show you\u2019ve got the right personal qualities, for example that you are:

    ", + "
  • aware of social issues
    • ", + "
  • mature, understand people and have a sense of fairness
    • ", + "
  • reliable and committed to serving the community
    • ", + "

    You also need to be able to:

    ", + "
  • understand documents, follow evidence and communicate effectively
    • ", + "
  • think logically, weigh up arguments and reach a fair decision
    • ", + "

    Good character

    ", + "

    It\u2019s unlikely you\u2019ll be taken on if you have been:

    ", + "
  • found guilty of a serious crime
    • ", + "
  • found guilty of a number of minor offences
    • ", + "
  • banned from driving in the past 5 to 10 years
    • ", + "
  • declared bankrupt
    • ", + "

    Conflicts of interest

    ", + "

    You cannot be a magistrate if you work in one of a small number of jobs where there could be a conflict of interest - for instance if you are a police officer.

    ", + "

    Time off for magistrate duties

    ", + "

    You will need to be in court for at least 13 days a year, which are usually full days.

    ", + "

    Discuss with your employer how you will balance your work and magistrate duties.

    ", + "

    Your employer must, by law, allow you reasonable time off work to serve as a magistrate.

    ", + "

    You will get your rota well in advance, so you can give your employer plenty of notice of when you\u2019ll be in court.

    ", + "

    Pay and allowances

    ", + "

    Magistrates are not paid, but many employers allow their employees time off with pay.

    ", + "

    If you lose out on pay, you can claim an allowance at a set rate, as well as allowances for travel and subsistence.

    ", + "

    Find out more about magistrates\u2019 allowances.

    ", + "

    Training to be a magistrate

    ", + "

    You will need training to be a magistrate.

    ", + "

    The training when you start will add up to about 21 hours, or 3 and a half days, as well as some meetings.

    ", + "

    The training could take place over:

    ", + "
  • a long weekend
    • ", + "
  • weekdays
    • ", + "
  • short evening sessions over several weeks
    • ", + "

    Apply to be a magistrate

    ", + "

    Visit your local court

    ", + "

    You should visit your local court at least once, and a few times if you can, to check the role is right for you.

    ", + "

    As family cases are heard in private, you will not be able to visit a family court before you apply.

    ", + "

    Use the court finder to find your nearest court.

    ", + "

    The court can let you know when it\u2019s best to visit and which courtrooms to go and see.

    ", + "

    If you are invited to an interview, you will be asked to talk about your visits.

    ", + "

    Find out where to apply

    ", + "

    You need to apply to the advisory committee for your local court.

    ", + "

    Check the list of advisory committees to find out if there are any vacancies in your area, and where you need to apply.

    ", + "

    Application form

    ", + "

    You can download the application form and guidance notes and email or post it to the advisory committee for your area.

    ", + "

    Recruitment queries

    ", + "

    Contact your local advisory committee if you have a question about applying to become a magistrate.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the Magistrates HR Team.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claiming Gift Aid as a charity or CASC", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-gift-aid", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can claim back 25p every time an individual donates \u00a31 to your charity or community amateur sports club (CASC). This is called Gift Aid.

    ", + "

    You must be recognised as a charity or CASC for tax purposes.

    ", + "

    There are rules on which donations you can claim Gift Aid on.

    ", + "

    You can claim Gift Aid online - you should get your payment within 5 weeks.

    ", + "

    What the donor needs to do

    ", + "

    The donor must:

    ", + "
  • have paid at least as much in Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax in that tax year as you want to claim in Gift Aid
    • ", + "
  • make a Gift Aid declaration that gives you permission to claim it
    • ", + "

    If the donor has not made a declaration you may still be able to claim on cash donations of \u00a330 or less, for example from a collection.

    ", + "

    What you can claim it on

    ", + "

    You can claim Gift Aid on donations from individuals. The donor must:

    ", + "
  • have paid the same amount or more in Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax in that tax year
    • ", + "
  • make a Gift Aid declaration that gives you permission to claim it
    • ", + "

    You must be recognised as a charity or community amateur sports club (CASC) to claim Gift Aid.

    ", + "

    Special rules for claiming Gift Aid

    ", + "

    There are special rules for:

    ", + "
  • funds from sponsored challenges for example overseas treks or marathons
    • ", + "
  • charity membership fees
    • ", + "
  • church collections
    • ", + "
  • selling goods on behalf of individuals, for example through a charity shop
    • ", + "
  • charity events or to view charity property
    • ", + "
  • charity auctions
    • ", + "
  • volunteer expenses donated back to your charity or CASC
    • ", + "
  • funds raised through charities involved in running schools
    • ", + "

    What you cannot claim it on

    ", + "

    You cannot claim on donations:

    ", + "
  • from limited companies
    • ", + "
  • made through Payroll Giving
    • ", + "
  • that are a payment for goods or services or made because your charity or CASC bought goods and services
    • ", + "
  • where the donor gets a \u2018benefit\u2019 over a certain limit
    • ", + "
  • of shares
    • ", + "
  • from charity cards or of vouchers, for example Charities Aid Foundation (CAF) vouchers
    • ", + "
  • of membership fees to CASCs
    • ", + "
  • you got before you were a recognised charity or CASC
    • ", + "

    Gift Aid declarations

    ", + "

    To claim Gift Aid you need to get a Gift Aid declaration from the donor. It should state that the donor:

    ", + "
  • has paid the same amount or more in Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax in that tax year
    • ", + "
  • agrees to Gift Aid being claimed
    • ", + "

    You must keep a record of declarations for 6 years after the most recent donation you claimed Gift Aid on.

    ", + "

    Gift Aid declaration forms

    ", + "

    The declaration must include a description of the gift and the:

    ", + "
  • name of your charity or community amateur sports club (CASC)
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s full name
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s home address (at least their house number or name and postcode)
    • ", + "

    Example declarations

    ", + "

    Download example Gift Aid declaration forms for:

    ", + "
  • one-off donations
    • ", + "
  • all donations
    • ", + "
  • sponsored events
    • ", + "

    Cash donations

    ", + "

    You can put a Gift Aid declaration on your charity\u2019s collection envelopes.

    ", + "

    You may still be able to claim on cash donations of \u00a330 or less if you do not have a declaration.

    ", + "

    Small donations scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim 25% on:

    ", + "
  • cash donations of \u00a330 or less
    • ", + "
  • contactless card donations of \u00a330 or less collected on or after 6 April 2019
    • ", + "

    This is called the Gift Aid small donations scheme (GASDS). You do not need a Gift Aid declaration to claim.

    ", + "

    From 6 April 2016, you can claim up to \u00a32,000 in a tax year or \u00a31,250 for earlier years.

    ", + "

    Who can claim

    ", + "

    Your charity or CASC must have claimed Gift Aid:

    ", + "
  • in the same tax year as you want to claim GASDS
    • ", + "
  • without getting a penalty in the last 2 tax years
    • ", + "
  • in at least 2 of the last 4 tax years (without a 2-year gap between claims) if you\u2019re claiming on donations made before 6 April 2017
    • ", + "

    What you can claim

    ", + "

    Your GASDS claim cannot be more than 10 times your Gift Aid claim. For example, you can claim on \u00a31,000 worth of donations through GASDS if you\u2019ve received \u00a3100 of Gift Aid donations in the same tax year.

    ", + "

    You can claim on donations that are eligible for Gift Aid, but not membership fees.

    ", + "

    Collections in community buildings

    ", + "

    If your charity has a community building (for example a village hall or religious building) you might be able to claim more on donations collected either:

    ", + "
  • in your community building
    • ", + "
  • in the same council area as your community building, if you collected the donations on or after 6 April 2017
    • ", + "

    For somewhere to count as your community building, you need to have hosted at least 6 charity events there. The events must have all been attended by at least 10 people.

    ", + "

    If your organisation is connected to another charity or CASC

    ", + "

    If one of the charities has a community building, all of the connected charities can either:

    ", + "
  • claim as if they had a community building
    • ", + "
  • share a single \u00a38,000 limit - all the charities will need to write to HMRC to do this
    • ", + "

    If none of the charities have a community building, or you\u2019re claiming for donations made before 6 April 2017, the connected charities must share a single \u00a38,000 limit.

    ", + "

    If your charity has merged with another charity or CASC you may be able to take on the other charity\u2019s record of good claims.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    You need to record the:

    ", + "
  • total cash donations collected
    • ", + "
  • date of the collection
    • ", + "
  • date it was paid into a bank account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep records of any contactless card donations that you\u2019ve taken, for example receipts from your card machine.

    ", + "

    For collections in community buildings you\u2019ll also need to record:

    ", + "
  • the address of the place you collected the donations (including postcode)
    • ", + "
  • the type of event
    • ", + "
  • the number of events you held
    • ", + "
  • an estimate of how many people were at the event
    • ", + "
  • when you collected the donations
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Claim under GASDS in the same way as Gift Aid.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim Gift Aid using Charities Online with:

    ", + "
  • eligible software, like a database
    • ", + "
  • a spreadsheet of your donations
    • ", + "

    For claims of over 1,000 donations you must use software.

    ", + "

    To apply by post use form ChR1, which you can get from the charities helpline.

    ", + "

    When you must claim

    ", + "

    Your deadline to claim Gift Aid depends on how your charity is set up.

    ", + "

    You need to claim for a donation within 4 years of the end of the financial period you received it in. This is:

    ", + "
  • the tax year (6 April to 5 April) if you\u2019re a trust
    • ", + "
  • your accounting period if your charity is a community amateur sports club (CASC), a Charity Incorporated Organisation (CIO) or a limited company
    • ", + "

    You must claim on cash donations under the Gift Aid Small Donations Scheme within 2 years of the end of the tax year that the donations were collected in.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    You need to keep records of these donations for a further two years.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll get paid

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a Gift Aid payment by BACS within:

    ", + "
  • 4 weeks if you claimed online
    • ", + "
  • 5 weeks if you claimed by post using form ChR1
    • ", + "

    Contact the charities helpline if your repayment is wrong or if you submitted an incorrect claim.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Nominate someone for an honour or award", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/honours", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The honours system recognises people who have:

    ", + "
  • made achievements in public life
    • ", + "
  • committed themselves to serving and helping Britain
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll usually have made life better for other people or be outstanding at what they do.

    ", + "

    They must still be actively involved in what you\u2019re nominating them for. The only honours which can be awarded after someone\u2019s death are gallantry awards.

    ", + "

    Whether someone gets an honour - and the honour they get - is decided by an honours committee. The committee\u2019s recommendations go to the Prime Minister and then to the Queen, who awards the honour.

    ", + "

    Nominating someone for an honour

    ", + "

    Anyone can nominate someone for an honour.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you want to:

    ", + "
  • nominate someone in the UK
    • ", + "
  • nominate someone for their work in responding to coronavirus (COVID-19)
    • ", + "
  • nominate someone overseas
    • ", + "
  • nominate someone for a gallantry award
    • ", + "

    After you nominate someone for an honour

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an acknowledgment - but you may not hear anything else for 12 to 18 months.

    ", + "

    All nominees will be checked by various government departments to make sure they\u2019re suitable for an honour. This may include checks by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    The honours committee reviews those nominations that are sent to it.

    ", + "

    What people get honours for

    ", + "

    People get honours for achievements like:

    ", + "
  • making a difference to their community or field of work
    • ", + "
  • enhancing Britain\u2019s reputation
    • ", + "
  • long-term voluntary service
    • ", + "
  • innovation and entrepreneurship
    • ", + "
  • changing things, with an emphasis on achievement
    • ", + "
  • improving life for people less able to help themselves
    • ", + "
  • displaying moral courage
    • ", + "

    Honours are given to people involved in fields including:

    ", + "
  • community, voluntary and local services
    • ", + "
  • arts and media
    • ", + "
  • health
    • ", + "
  • sport
    • ", + "
  • education
    • ", + "
  • science and technology
    • ", + "
  • business and the economy
    • ", + "
  • civil or political service
    • ", + "

    Group nominations

    ", + "

    You can only nominate individuals for honours.

    ", + "

    You can nominate a volunteer group for the Queen\u2019s Award for Voluntary Service.

    ", + "

    Nominate someone who lives in the UK

    ", + "

    You can nominate someone for an honour online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for coronavirus (COVID-19) nominations and gallantry awards.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to write a detailed description explaining why you\u2019re nominating them. Read the guidance on how to write a nomination.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need:

    ", + "
  • your nominee\u2019s name, age, address and contact details
    • ", + "
  • details of relevant work or volunteering they\u2019ve done
    • ", + "
  • details of any awards or other recognition they\u2019ve received
    • ", + "
  • 2 supporting letters to back up your nomination - these should be from people who know the nominee personally
    • ", + "

    You can include any evidence you have of recognition your nominee has received for their achievements, for example articles, photos or letters.

    ", + "

    You can save your nomination and come back to it later.

    ", + "

    Make a nomination

    ", + "

    Make a nomination by email

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the honours nomination form and email it to the Honours and Appointments Secretariat.

    ", + "

    You can also ask the unit questions about the nomination process.

    ", + "

    Nominate someone for coronavirus-related work

    ", + "

    You can nominate someone who has made an exceptional contribution to the response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis in the UK.

    ", + "

    Anyone can make a nomination and there is no deadline. Nominations will be considered by an independent honours committee.

    ", + "

    How to make a nomination

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the honours nomination form and email it to the Honours and Appointments Secretariat.

    ", + "

    What you need to include

    ", + "

    You should try to include:

    ", + "
  • the nominee\u2019s name
    • ", + "
  • any contact details
    • ", + "
  • their role
    • ", + "
  • a summary of the impact the person has made
    • ", + "

    You can add additional documents, for example letters of support, as attachments to your email.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an acknowledgment. Nominations will be processed as quickly as possible.

    ", + "

    Nominate someone who lives or works abroad

    ", + "

    You can nominate someone for an honour if they live or work abroad and they\u2019ve made achievements in either:

    ", + "
  • the UK and their achievement has a significant international element
    • ", + "
  • another country
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be given an \u2018honorary award\u2019 if they\u2019re not:

    ", + "
  • British
    • ", + "
  • a national of a country where the Queen is Head of State
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for gallantry awards.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the nomination form and send it to the Royal, Ceremonial and Honours Unit, part of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO).

    ", + "

    You can also ask the unit questions about the nomination process.

    ", + "

    Recommend someone for a gallantry award

    ", + "

    Civilian gallantry awards recognise the bravery of people who\u2019ve put themselves in danger to save (or attempt to save) someone\u2019s life. Recommendations are judged on:

    ", + "
  • degree of risk
    • ", + "
  • how aware the nominee was of the danger
    • ", + "
  • persistence
    • ", + "

    The incident must have taken place in the last 5 years. You can recommend someone after they\u2019ve died \u2013\u00a0they\u2019ll get a posthumous award. They do not have to be British (except for the George Cross award).

    ", + "

    Types of gallantry awards

    ", + "

    You can recommend someone for the:

    ", + "
  • George Cross (a first-level civilian medal for bravery, for acts of great heroism and courage in extreme danger)
    • ", + "
  • George Medal (a second-level civilian medal for bravery, for acts of great bravery)
    • ", + "
  • Queen\u2019s Gallantry Medal (a third-level civilian medal for bravery, for inspiring acts of bravery)
    • ", + "
  • Queen\u2019s Commendation for Bravery/Bravery in the Air (a fourth-level civilian medal for bravery, for acts which involve risk to life)
    • ", + "

    How to recommend someone for a gallantry award

    ", + "

    Email the Honours and Appointments Secretariat.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to write a detailed description explaining why you\u2019re recommending them. Include the person\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "

    Give as many details as possible about what happened. This will make your application more likely to be considered. Include:

    ", + "
  • location
    • ", + "
  • date
    • ", + "
  • any emergency or official services that were there
    • ", + "

    After you recommend someone for a gallantry award

    ", + "

    All recommendations will be assessed by the George Cross Committee, which makes recommendations to the Queen, who awards the honour.

    ", + "

    Types of honours and awards

    ", + "

    You cannot nominate someone for a specific honour - that\u2019s decided by the honours committee.

    ", + "

    There are also awards for bravery, called gallantry awards.

    ", + "

    Companion of Honour

    ", + "

    This is awarded for having a major contribution to the arts, science, medicine, or government lasting over a long period of time.

    ", + "

    Knight or Dame

    ", + "

    This is awarded for having a major contribution in any activity, usually at national level. Other people working in the nominee\u2019s area will see their contribution as inspirational and significant, requiring commitment over a long period of time.

    ", + "

    Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE)

    ", + "

    This is awarded for having a prominent but lesser role at national level, or a leading role at regional level. You can also get one for a distinguished, innovative contribution to any area.

    ", + "

    Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE)

    ", + "

    This is awarded for having a major local role in any activity, including people whose work has made them known nationally in their chosen area.

    ", + "

    Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE)

    ", + "

    Awarded for an outstanding achievement or service to the community. This will have had a long-term, significant impact and stand out as an example to others.

    ", + "

    British Empire Medal (BEM)

    ", + "

    Awarded for a \u2018hands-on\u2019 service to the local community. This could be a long-term charitable or voluntary activity, or innovative work of a relatively short duration (3 to 4 years) that has made a significant difference.

    ", + "

    Royal Victorian Order (RVO)

    ", + "

    An award given by the Queen - usually to people who have helped her personally, like members of the Royal household staff or British ambassadors.

    ", + "

    The orders

    ", + "

    The committee decides which order someone should be a member of. You do not have to specify this in your nomination.

    ", + "Order | Who can be nominated", + "Order of the Bath | Senior civil servants and military officers", + "Order of St Michael and St George | Diplomats and people serving the UK abroad", + "Order of the British Empire | Anyone", + "Companion of Honour (award) | Anyone", + "Royal Victorian Order | People who have served the Queen or the Monarchy in a personal way", + "

    Most awards are in the Order of the British Empire.

    ", + "

    Honours lists

    ", + "

    The lists of who\u2019s received honours are published at New Year and on the Queen\u2019s official birthday in June.

    ", + "

    2021 New Year honours

    ", + "

    Read a full listing of the 2021 New Year honours.

    ", + "

    2021 Queen\u2019s Birthday honours

    ", + "

    Read a full listing of the 2021 Queen\u2019s Birthday honours.

    ", + "

    Previous honours lists

    ", + "

    Read previous honours lists and reports on the honours system.

    ", + "

    Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office Honorary Awards

    ", + "

    You can read a list of Honorary Awards approved by Her Majesty the Queen in 2021.

    ", + "

    Civilian gallantry awards

    ", + "

    You can read the civilian gallantry list approved by Her Majesty the Queen in 2021.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Register as a community amateur sports club (CASC)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-community-amateur-sports-club", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If your sports club is eligible, you can become a community amateur sports club (CASC). You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • tax relief on income, gains and profits from some activities
    • ", + "
  • Gift Aid repayments on donations
    • ", + "
  • business rates relief
    • ", + "

    To benefit you must register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You can claim relief on money you use to promote and provide facilities for eligible sports. These are known as \u2018qualifying purposes\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t remove a CASC from the register (\u2018deregistration\u2019) though you can close it if the club\u2019s members vote and agree.

    ", + "

    CASCs and charities

    ", + "

    You must choose whether to register as a CASC or a charity. A registered CASC can\u2019t be recognised as a charity for tax purposes.

    ", + "

    CASCs aren\u2019t regulated by the Charity Commission.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To register as a CASC you must provide facilities for eligible sports and encourage people to take part. Under the new rules from 1 April 2015, at least 50% of members must take part.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be set up with a formal constitution, known as a governing document
    • ", + "
  • be open to the whole community and have affordable membership fees
    • ", + "
  • be organised on an amateur basis
    • ", + "
  • be set up and provide facilities in the UK, the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Norway (but in one country only)
    • ", + "
  • be managed by \u2018fit and proper persons\u2019
    • ", + "

    Governing document

    ", + "

    This is the document that sets out the purpose and structure of your club. It may also be called a \u2018memorandum and articles of association\u2019.

    ", + "

    It must:

    ", + "
  • set out how you meet the eligibility criteria for registering as a CASC
    • ", + "
  • state that any assets left after the club closes are only used by another registered CASC, charity or related community sport
    • ", + "

    Open to the whole community

    ", + "

    CASCs must be open to people of all ethnicities, nationalities, sexual orientations, religions or beliefs, sexes, ages and ability - except when a certain level of physical ability is needed to take part in a sport.

    ", + "

    Membership fees

    ", + "

    CASCs can\u2019t charge more than \u00a331 a week for membership, and clubs that charge more than \u00a310 a week must provide help (eg a discount) for people who can\u2019t pay.

    ", + "

    You can charge different fees for different types of members, like juniors or students, as long as you\u2019re not discriminating against groups or individuals.

    ", + "

    Organised on an amateur basis

    ", + "

    CASCs must:

    ", + "
  • not make a profit, unless this is reinvested in the club and spent only on promoting participation and providing facilities for eligible sports
    • ", + "
  • not pay more than \u00a310,000 in total to all players in a year (before 1 April 2015 CASCs couldn\u2019t pay players at all)
    • ", + "
  • provide only the benefits normally associated with an amateur sports club, eg use of equipment, coaching, post-match refreshments
    • ", + "
  • only pay expenses for matches and tours where players take part in and promote the club\u2019s sport (before 1 April 2015 clubs couldn\u2019t pay any expenses)
    • ", + "

    Register

    ", + "

    Register as a community amateur sports club (CASC) by filling in form CASC (A1) if your CASC is eligible.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t withdraw an application once it\u2019s been made.

    ", + "

    What you need to complete the form

    ", + "

    You must be the club\u2019s \u2018authorised official\u2019 or \u2018responsible person\u2019 to fill in the form. You\u2019ll also need:

    ", + "
  • details of at least 2 other officials, including National Insurance and telephone numbers
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of the club
    • ", + "
  • a correspondence address, if that\u2019s different
    • ", + "
  • the number of members or subscriptions
    • ", + "
  • company or VAT references, if applicable
    • ", + "
  • details of a nominee or agent, if the club has one
    • ", + "
  • the club\u2019s bank details
    • ", + "
  • details of the club\u2019s income
    • ", + "

    Within 30 days of applying, you must send copies of the club\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • accounts from the last 12 months
    • ", + "
  • bank statements from the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • rules or articles of association
    • ", + "

    You must include a translation of any documents not in English.

    ", + "

    Send them to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    How long the application takes

    ", + "

    You should get a response within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    If your application is refused

    ", + "

    HMRC will explain the reasons and what you need to change.

    ", + "

    You can appeal in writing to HMRC within 30 days of their decision if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not satisfied with the outcome you have a further 30 days to appeal to the tax tribunal.

    ", + "

    Help with registering

    ", + "

    You can get more help and information from HMRC\u2019s charities helpline.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Running a community amateur sports club (CASC)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/running-community-amateur-sports-club", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As a community amateur sports club (CASC) you must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about:

    ", + "
  • any tax you need to pay
    • ", + "
  • changes within your organisation
    • ", + "

    The rules for CASCs changed on 1 April 2015. Check whether you need to make changes to meet the new rules.

    ", + "

    When you need to pay tax

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t pay tax on some income as long as you:

    ", + "
  • are registered as a CASC with HMRC
    • ", + "
  • use it to promote participation in and provide facilities for eligible sports
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay tax if:

    ", + "
  • your club uses money for other (non-qualifying) purposes
    • ", + "
  • your trading or property rental income is more than the threshold for relief
    • ", + "

    Register for VAT

    ", + "

    Your CASC must register for VAT if your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.

    ", + "

    Taxable turnover includes everything you sell that\u2019s not exempt from VAT. Income from sporting activities and fundraising events is exempt.

    ", + "

    Changes to your CASC

    ", + "

    You must report changes to your club\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • contact details
    • ", + "
  • bank details
    • ", + "
  • management
    • ", + "

    You can close a CASC but can\u2019t remove it from the register (this is called \u2018deregistration\u2019).

    ", + "

    If you change the way you run your CASC you must still meet the rules on eligibility. If you don\u2019t, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can cancel your registration.

    ", + "

    Get help and advice

    ", + "

    You can get help and advice on CASCs and charities from HMRC\u2019s charities helpline.

    ", + "

    Advice and support is also available from cascinfo.co.uk.

    ", + "

    Paying tax

    ", + "

    Community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) need to pay Corporation Tax on any income or capital gains that don\u2019t qualify for tax relief.

    ", + "

    If your CASC needs to pay tax you must:

    ", + "
  • file a Company Tax Return
    • ", + "
  • include form CT600E if you\u2019re claiming relief on any income or gains
    • ", + "

    If you have no tax to pay you only need to complete a tax return if HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) asks you to.

    ", + "

    Limited companies must also send annual accounts to Companies House.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a fine if you don\u2019t complete a tax return when you need to or you file your tax return late.

    ", + "

    Reporting changes

    ", + "

    Use form ChV1 to report changes to your community amateur sports club (CASC).

    ", + "

    Allow at least 30 days for HMRC to register your changes.

    ", + "

    Changes you have to report

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about changes to your:

    ", + "
  • organisation\u2019s contact details
    • ", + "
  • authorised officials or responsible persons
    • ", + "
  • nominees\u2019 details, including their bank or building society account changes
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society account details
    • ", + "

    You can also use the form to tell HMRC about any other changes, for example changes to your constitution.

    ", + "

    You must report any changes that would affect your club\u2019s eligibility to be a CASC.

    ", + "

    Closing or deregistering a CASC

    ", + "

    Only HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can deregister your CASC.

    ", + "

    If your club\u2019s members vote and agree to close your CASC, you must:

    ", + "
  • let HMRC know
    • ", + "
  • follow the rules in your governing document
    • ", + "

    HMRC will tell you if you have to complete a Company Tax Return.

    ", + "

    Disposing of assets

    ", + "

    There are rules about what you do with your assets (for example, land or money) when you close a CASC.

    ", + "

    Any remaining assets must only be used for:

    ", + "
  • related community sport (as decided by your sport\u2019s governing body)
    • ", + "
  • another registered CASC
    • ", + "
  • a charity
    • ", + "

    Your CASC would otherwise have to pay Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    If your club is removed from the register

    ", + "

    HMRC can cancel your CASC registration by writing to the club secretary if it decides your club is no longer eligible. This can be backdated.

    ", + "

    If HMRC deregisters your CASC you:

    ", + "
  • will no longer get tax exemptions as of the deregistration date
    • ", + "
  • may have to pay Corporation Tax on any assets taken out of the club
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Set up a charity", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-charity", + "contents": [ + "

    Set up a charity

    ", + "

    There are 6 steps to setting up a charity.

    ", + "
  • Find trustees for your charity - you usually need at least 3.
    • ", + "
  • Make sure the charity has \u2018charitable purposes for the public benefit\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Choose a name for your charity.
    • ", + "
  • Choose a structure for your charity.
    • ", + "
  • Create a \u2018governing document\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Register as a charity if your annual income is over \u00a35,000 or if you set up a charitable incorporated organisation (CIO).
    • ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Tax relief

    ", + "

    To get tax relief your charity needs to be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Charitable purposes

    ", + "

    Your charity must have \u2018charitable purposes\u2019 that help the public (known as being \u2018for public benefit\u2019).

    ", + "

    Charitable purposes include things that contribute to:

    ", + "
  • relieving poverty
    • ", + "
  • education
    • ", + "
  • religion
    • ", + "
  • health
    • ", + "
  • saving lives
    • ", + "
  • citizenship or community development
    • ", + "
  • the arts
    • ", + "
  • amateur sport
    • ", + "
  • human rights
    • ", + "
  • religious or racial harmony
    • ", + "
  • the protection of the environment
    • ", + "
  • animal welfare
    • ", + "
  • the efficiency of the armed forces, police, fire or ambulance services
    • ", + "

    Read guidance on writing your charitable purposes.

    ", + "

    You should also read about public benefit to decide if your charity\u2019s aims are suitable.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t set up a charity to help one specific person.

    ", + "

    Name your charity

    ", + "

    Your charity name must not:

    ", + "
  • be similar to the name of an existing charity (unless you can prove you need to use it)
    • ", + "
  • use words you don\u2019t have permission to use, for example a trade mark
    • ", + "
  • use offensive words or acronyms
    • ", + "
  • be misleading, for example suggest your charity does something it doesn\u2019t
    • ", + "

    Search the charities register to check the names of registered charities. Unregistered charities won\u2019t appear in the register.

    ", + "

    Additional names

    ", + "

    You can use:

    ", + "
  • abbreviations, for example National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children is known as NSPCC
    • ", + "
  • alternative names, for example Comic Relief is a working name for Charity Projects
    • ", + "

    You must list any alternative or working names your charity uses when you apply to register.

    ", + "

    Non-English names

    ", + "

    You must include a translation of any non-English words in your charity\u2019s name when you register.

    ", + "

    Using \u2018charity\u2019 in a name

    ", + "

    You can use the words \u2018charity\u2019, \u2018charities\u2019 or \u2018charitable\u2019 in your charity\u2019s name but you need approval from the Charity Commission if you use them when you register a company name with Companies House.

    ", + "

    Structures

    ", + "

    You must choose a structure for your charity, which will affect things like:

    ", + "
  • who runs the charity
    • ", + "
  • how the charity is run
    • ", + "
  • what the charity can do, for example employ people or own property
    • ", + "

    There are 4 common charity structures.

    ", + "

    Charitable company

    ", + "

    Your charitable companies will have to be limited by guarantees rather than shares when you register. Select \u2018private company limited by guarantee\u2019 on the form.

    ", + "

    Trustees have limited or no liability for a charitable company\u2019s debts or liabilities.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can apply online to register a charitable company with Companies House.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    Fill in the form to register a charitable company with Companies House by post.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a340.

    ", + "

    You may also need:

    ", + "
  • continuation sheets if you need extra space to write
    • ", + "
  • a Welsh version of the form
    • ", + "

    Charitable incorporated organisation (CIO)

    ", + "

    A CIO is an incorporated structure designed for charities. You create a CIO by registering with the Charity Commission. You don\u2019t need to register with Companies House.

    ", + "

    Trustees have limited or no liability for CIO debts or liabilities.

    ", + "

    Charitable trust

    ", + "

    A \u2018charitable trust\u2019 is a way for a group of people (\u2018trustees\u2019) to manage assets such as money, investments, land or buildings.

    ", + "

    Unincorporated charitable association

    ", + "

    An \u2018unincorporated charitable association\u2019 is a simple way for a group of volunteers to run a charity for a common purpose.

    ", + "

    Unincorporated charitable associations can\u2019t employ staff or own premises.

    ", + "

    Governing document

    ", + "

    You must create a \u2018governing document\u2019 (or \u2018rulebook\u2019) for your charity that explains how your charity is run.

    ", + "

    Your governing document lets trustees and other interested parties find out:

    ", + "
  • your charity\u2019s purpose
    • ", + "
  • who runs it and how they run it
    • ", + "
  • how trustees will be appointed
    • ", + "
  • rules about trustees\u2019 expenses
    • ", + "
  • rules about payments to trustees
    • ", + "
  • how to close the charity
    • ", + "

    What type of governing document you need depends on your charity structure.

    ", + "

    Read guidance on writing your governing document, including example templates.

    ", + "

    You can create your governing document using your own templates but it may mean registration takes longer.

    ", + "

    The trustees must meet to sign the governing document. You\u2019ll need an independent witness if you\u2019re setting up a charitable trust.

    ", + "

    Register your charity

    ", + "

    You must apply to register your charity if:

    ", + "
  • its income is at least \u00a35,000 per year or it\u2019s a charitable incorporated organisation (CIO)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s based in England or Wales (the rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll be asked:

    ", + "
  • about your charity\u2019s charitable purposes
    • ", + "
  • how you run your charity for public benefit
    • ", + "
  • for proof that your charity\u2019s annual income is above \u00a35,000, unless you\u2019re a CIO
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to give your charity\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society details
    • ", + "
  • most recent accounts
    • ", + "
  • contact details, including a postal address
    • ", + "
  • trustees\u2019 names, dates of birth and contact details
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your charity\u2019s governing document (in PDF format)
    • ", + "

    Proof of income

    ", + "

    Proof of income, if needed, can be any one of:

    ", + "
  • your charity\u2019s latest \u2018published\u2019 annual accounts (in PDF format) - they must have been approved as proof of income by an independent examiner or auditor
    • ", + "
  • a recent bank statement (as a scanned image)
    • ", + "
  • a formal offer of funding from a recognised funding body (as a scanned image)
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax relief when you donate to a charity", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/donating-to-charity", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Donations by individuals to charity or to community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) are tax free. This is called tax relief.

    ", + "

    The tax goes to you or the charity. How this works depends on whether you donate:

    ", + "
  • through Gift Aid
    • ", + "
  • straight from your wages or pension through a Payroll Giving scheme
    • ", + "
  • land, property or shares
    • ", + "
  • in your will
    • ", + "

    This also applies to sole traders and partnerships. There are different rules for limited companies.

    ", + "

    If you want to donate to a sports club, check if it\u2019s registered as a community amateur sports club (CASC). You cannot donate to a CASC through Payroll Giving.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep a record of your donations if you want to take them off your total taxable income.

    ", + "

    Gift Aid

    ", + "

    Donating through Gift Aid means charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) can claim an extra 25p for every \u00a31 you give. It will not cost you any extra.

    ", + "

    Charities can claim Gift Aid on most donations, but some payments do not qualify.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You need to make a Gift Aid declaration for the charity to claim. You usually do this by filling in a form - contact the charity if you have not got one.

    ", + "

    You must give a declaration to each charity you want to donate to through Gift Aid.

    ", + "

    You can include all donations from the last 4 years. Tell the charity about any tax years where you did not pay enough tax.

    ", + "

    Paying enough tax to qualify for Gift Aid

    ", + "

    Your donations will qualify as long as they\u2019re not more than 4 times what you have paid in tax in that tax year (6 April to 5 April).

    ", + "

    The tax could have been paid on income or capital gains.

    ", + "

    You must tell the charities you support if you stop paying enough tax.

    ", + "

    Higher rate taxpayers

    ", + "

    If you pay tax above the basic rate, you can claim the difference between the rate you pay and basic rate on your donation. It\u2019s the same if you live in Scotland. Do this either:

    ", + "
  • through your Self Assessment tax return
    • ", + "
  • by asking HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to amend your tax code
    • ", + "

    With Payroll Giving, you do not pay the difference between the higher and basic rate of tax on your donation.

    ", + "

    Getting tax relief sooner

    ", + "

    In your Self Assessment tax return, you normally only report things from the previous tax year.

    ", + "

    But for Gift Aid, you can also claim tax relief on donations you make in the current tax year (up to the date you send your return) if you either:

    ", + "
  • want tax relief sooner
    • ", + "
  • will not pay higher rate tax in current year, but you did in the previous year
    • ", + "

    You cannot do this if:

    ", + "
  • you miss the deadline\n (31 January if you file online)
    • ", + "
  • your donations do not qualify for Gift Aid - your donations from both tax years together must not be more than 4 times what you paid in tax in the previous year
    • ", + "

    If you do not have to send a tax return, contact HMRC and ask for a P810 form. You\u2019ll need to submit it by 31 January after the end of the previous tax year.

    ", + "

    Donating straight from your wages or pension

    ", + "

    If your employer, company or personal pension provider runs a Payroll Giving scheme, you can donate straight from your wages or pension. This happens before tax is deducted from your income.

    ", + "

    Ask your employer or pension provider if they run a Payroll Giving scheme.

    ", + "

    You cannot donate to a community amateur sports club (CASC) through Payroll Giving.

    ", + "

    The tax relief you get depends on the rate of tax you pay. To donate \u00a31, you pay:

    ", + "
  • 80p if you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer
    • ", + "
  • 60p if you\u2019re a higher rate taxpayer
    • ", + "
  • 55p if you\u2019re an additional rate taxpayer
    • ", + "

    The tax relief you get is different if you live in Scotland. To donate \u00a31, you pay:

    ", + "
  • 81p if you\u2019re a starter rate taxpayer
    • ", + "
  • 80p if you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer
    • ", + "
  • 79p if you\u2019re a intermediate rate taxpayer
    • ", + "
  • 59p if you\u2019re a higher rate taxpayer
    • ", + "
  • 54p if you\u2019re a top rate taxpayer
    • ", + "

    Donating land, property or shares

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay tax on land, property or shares you donate to charity. This includes selling them for less than their market value.

    ", + "

    You get tax relief on both:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax
    • ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax
    • ", + "

    You cannot get Income Tax relief on donations to community amateur sports clubs (CASCs).

    ", + "

    You must keep records of the donation to show that you\u2019ve made the gift or sale and that the charity has accepted it.

    ", + "

    Income Tax relief

    ", + "

    You can pay less Income Tax by deducting the value of your donation from your total taxable income. Do this for the tax year (6 April to 5 April) in which you made the gift or sale to charity.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    If you complete a Self Assessment tax return, add the amount you\u2019re claiming in the \u2018Charitable giving\u2019 section of the form. This will reduce your Self Assessment bill.

    ", + "

    If you do not complete a tax return, write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) with details of the gift or sale and your tax relief amount. You\u2019ll either get a refund, or your tax code will be changed so you pay less Income Tax for that tax year.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax relief

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on land, property or shares you give to charity.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay if you sell them for more than they cost you but less than their market value. Work out your gain using the amount the charity actually pays you, rather than the value of the asset.

    ", + "

    Selling land, property or shares on behalf of a charity

    ", + "

    When you offer a gift of land, property or shares, the charity may ask you to sell the gift on its behalf.

    ", + "

    You can do this and still claim tax relief for the donation, but you must keep records of the gift and the charity\u2019s request. Without them, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    Leaving gifts to charity in your will

    ", + "

    Your will says what will happen to your money, property and possessions after you die.

    ", + "

    Your donation will either:

    ", + "
  • be taken off the value of your estate before Inheritance Tax is calculated
    • ", + "
  • reduce your Inheritance Tax rate, if 10% or more of your estate is left to charity
    • ", + "

    You can donate:

    ", + "
  • a fixed amount
    • ", + "
  • an item
    • ", + "
  • what\u2019s left after other gifts have been given out
    • ", + "

    Writing your will

    ", + "

    Find out how to write or update your will, including how to make sure it\u2019s legal.

    ", + "

    Include the charity\u2019s full name - check with them or search the charity register in England and Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    You need to keep records of donations if you want to claim tax back on them.

    ", + "

    Gift Aid donations

    ", + "

    Keep records if you:

    ", + "
  • pay higher rate tax
    • ", + "
  • claim tax credits
    • ", + "
  • get a higher Personal Allowance because of your age
    • ", + "
  • get Married Couple\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming tax back through your Self Assessment tax return or by asking HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) to amend your tax code keep records showing the date, the amount and which charities you\u2019ve donated to.

    ", + "

    Land, buildings and shares

    ", + "

    For donations of land, property or shares you need to keep:

    ", + "
  • legal documents showing the sale or transfer to charity
    • ", + "
  • any documents from a charity asking you to sell land or shares on its behalf
    • ", + "

    You normally have to keep your records for at least 22 months from the end of the tax year they\u2019re for.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "VAT for charities", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-charities", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As a charity you do not pay VAT when you buy some goods and services.

    ", + "

    Community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) do not qualify for the same VAT reliefs as charities.

    ", + "

    How to get VAT relief

    ", + "

    You must prove to the person who\u2019s selling the goods or services to you that you\u2019re eligible for relief. You do not need to be registered for VAT.

    ", + "

    When you must register for VAT

    ", + "

    You must register for VAT if your charity\u2019s VAT taxable turnover (the total value of everything you sell that isn\u2019t exempt from VAT) is more than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example if you want to reclaim VAT on your supplies.

    ", + "

    Get help with VAT

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have questions about VAT for your charity.

    ", + "

    What qualifies for VAT relief

    ", + "

    Charities pay VAT on all standard-rated goods and services they buy from VAT-registered businesses. They pay VAT at a reduced rate (5%) or the \u2018zero rate\u2019 on some goods and services.

    ", + "

    What qualifies for the reduced rate

    ", + "

    Your charity pays 5% VAT on fuel and power if they\u2019re for:

    ", + "
  • residential accommodation (for example, a children\u2019s home or care home for the elderly)
    • ", + "
  • charitable non-business activities (for example, free daycare for disabled people)
    • ", + "
  • small-scale use (up to 1,000 kilowatt hours of electricity a month or a delivery of 2,300 litres of gas oil)
    • ", + "

    If less than 60% of the fuel and power is for something that qualifies, you\u2019ll pay the reduced rate of VAT on the qualifying part and the standard rate (20%) on the rest.

    ", + "

    Qualifying fuel and power includes gases, electricity, oils and solid fuels (such as coal). It does not include vehicle fuel.

    ", + "

    What qualifies for the zero rate

    ", + "

    Find out about the conditions you must meet so that your charity pays no VAT (the zero rate) when you buy:

    ", + "
  • advertising and items for collecting donations
    • ", + "
  • aids for disabled people
    • ", + "
  • construction services
    • ", + "
  • drugs and chemicals
    • ", + "
  • equipment for making \u2018talking\u2019 books and newspapers
    • ", + "
  • lifeboats and associated equipment, including fuel
    • ", + "
  • medicine or ingredients for medicine
    • ", + "
  • resuscitation training models
    • ", + "
  • medical, veterinary and scientific equipment
    • ", + "
  • ambulances
    • ", + "
  • goods for disabled people
    • ", + "
  • motor vehicles designed or adapted for a disability
    • ", + "
  • rescue equipment
    • ", + "

    VAT-free goods from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Charities do not pay VAT on goods imported from outside the UK as long as they\u2019re benefiting people in need by providing:

    ", + "
  • basic necessities
    • ", + "
  • equipment and office materials to help run your organisation for the benefit of people in need
    • ", + "
  • goods to be used or sold at charity events
    • ", + "

    You can check which goods you can claim VAT relief for, as well as how to claim.

    ", + "

    How to claim VAT relief

    ", + "

    To get VAT relief you must give your supplier:

    ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019re a charity
    • ", + "
  • a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming that you\u2019re eligible for the relief
    • ", + "

    Evidence of charitable status

    ", + "

    This can be either your:

    ", + "
  • Charity Commission registration number
    • ", + "
  • letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "

    Scottish and Northern Irish charities must provide their letter of recognition from HMRC.

    ", + "

    Written declaration

    ", + "

    You must give your supplier an eligibility declaration or certificate when they sell you goods or services at zero rate VAT. There are examples of declarations and certificates for different goods.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying building or construction services at zero VAT, the certificate must follow a set format.

    ", + "

    The written declaration or certificate should be separate from the order form or invoice for the goods or services your charity is buying.

    ", + "

    Charities and VAT registration

    ", + "

    As a charity, you must register for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on your supplies.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered for VAT you must send a return every 3 months.

    ", + "

    Work out your taxable turnover

    ", + "

    To work out your VAT taxable turnover add up the total value of everything you sell in a 12-month period that is not:

    ", + "
  • exempt from VAT
    • ", + "
  • outside the scope of VAT
    • ", + "

    Check what VAT rate applies to your charity\u2019s activities.

    ", + "

    Exempt from VAT

    ", + "

    You cannot charge VAT on exempt goods and services (such as the provision of welfare services). You cannot normally reclaim VAT on any goods and services purchased in relation to an exempt business activity.

    ", + "

    You cannot register for VAT if all your business activities are exempt from VAT.

    ", + "

    Outside the scope of VAT

    ", + "

    Income from non-business activities is \u2018outside the scope\u2019 of VAT (you cannot charge or reclaim VAT on them). This includes:

    ", + "
  • donations where nothing is given in return
    • ", + "
  • grant funding given to support your charitable activities where nothing is given in return
    • ", + "
  • activities where your organisation does not make a charge
    • ", + "

    Read more about what counts as a business activity.

    ", + "

    Charging VAT

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve registered you must charge VAT at the correct rate on everything you supply.

    ", + "

    Reclaiming VAT

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered you may be able to reclaim VAT when you file your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    You can reclaim the VAT you were charged on goods and services relating to your taxable business activities.

    ", + "

    Exports outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you supply goods outside the UK free of charge (for example as aid), you can treat this as a zero-rate business activity (0% VAT) so you can reclaim the VAT on any associated costs.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Volunteer as a coastguard", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/volunteer-as-a-coastguard", + "contents": [ + "

    What the Coastguard Rescue Service does

    ", + "

    The Coastguard Rescue Service is made up of volunteers and is part of HM Coastguard.

    ", + "

    As a coastguard rescue officer you may have to:

    ", + "
  • help rescue people trapped on the coast, for example on cliffs, stuck in mud or in the water
    • ", + "
  • search for missing people
    • ", + "
  • report and deal with pollution and other hazards
    • ", + "
  • help emergency services and local authorities during emergencies, for example flooding
    • ", + "
  • gather information for the coastguard operations centre
    • ", + "
  • go to schools, clubs and other public places to tell people about staying safe at sea and along the coast
    • ", + "
  • carry out duties for the Receiver of Wreck, for example dealing with wreckage or dead whales and dolphins on the shoreline
    • ", + "

    What to expect as a volunteer

    ", + "

    As a coastguard rescue officer you:

    ", + "
  • could be called out at any time of the day or night
    • ", + "
  • may have to work in hazardous situations for long hours
    • ", + "
  • may have to carry out physically demanding tasks, for example carrying heavy equipment to rescue sites
    • ", + "

    As a volunteer you will not be paid. You can claim a small amount for your time and expenses.

    ", + "

    Volunteering and working

    ", + "

    You can have a full time job and still be a coastguard rescue officer.

    ", + "

    You must ask your employer if you can respond to emergencies during work hours before you become a volunteer.

    ", + "

    You can still go on holiday - just let your coastguard manager know when you\u2019re going to be away.

    ", + "

    Training and equipment

    ", + "

    You must pass initial training by HM Coastguard, followed by regular training to keep your skills up to date.

    ", + "

    This will include training in:

    ", + "
  • first aid
    • ", + "
  • water rescue
    • ", + "
  • map work
    • ", + "
  • search techniques
    • ", + "
  • communications
    • ", + "
  • skills you need for your local area, for example rope rescue, mud rescue
    • ", + "

    Training is often held in the evenings or at weekends.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given all the equipment and protective clothing that you need.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    All of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re aged 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • you have a full driving licence
    • ", + "
  • you live or work within 30 minutes of the rescue station - check the map to find your nearest station
    • ", + "

    Your local station may have further requirements, for example you may need to live closer to the station.

    ", + "

    Health and fitness

    ", + "

    You need to be reasonably fit and generally in good health. You must also:

    ", + "
  • weigh 120kg or less
    • ", + "
  • have a waist measurement of 110cm or less
    • ", + "

    You must take a health and fitness test, and meet eyesight and hearing requirements.

    ", + "

    If you have type 1 diabetes there will be restrictions on what activities you can do. Contact crsenquiries@mcga.gov.uk to find out if you can apply.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Contact your local area management team to find out if there are any volunteering opportunities.

    ", + "

    To do this, you need to find which team is responsible for your area.

    ", + "
  • Check the map of coastguard stations in the UK. If you cannot access the map, contact crsenquiries@mcga.gov.uk.
    • ", + "
  • Find the coastguard station you want to volunteer at on the map.
    • ", + "
  • Check which area the station is in, for example \u2018Area 1\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Email the relevant area - you can find the contact details in the table. Use the subject line \u2018coastguard rescue service enrolment\u2019. Do not send your CV or any other attachments.
    • ", + "

    Area contact details

    ", + "

    Find the email address for your local area.

    ", + "Coastguard area | Email address | ", + "1 | area1@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "2 | area2@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "3 | area3@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "4 | area4@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "5 | area5@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "6 | area6@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "7 | area7@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "8 | area8@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "9 | area9@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "10 | area10@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "11 | area11@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "12 | area12@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "13 | area13@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "14 | area14@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "15 | area15@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "16 | area16@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "17 | area17@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "18 | area18@mcga.gov.uk | " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Volunteer opportunities, rights and expenses", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/volunteering", + "contents": [ + "

    Find volunteer opportunities

    ", + "

    You can find volunteering opportunities on the:

    ", + "
  • Do-it website
    • ", + "
  • Volunteering Matters website for young, older and disabled volunteers
    • ", + "
  • National Association for Voluntary and Community Action website
    • ", + "
  • local Volunteer Centre website
    • ", + "
  • Reach Volunteering website for volunteers with specific skills - like accountancy, marketing, law, management, mentoring or IT
    • ", + "
  • Volunteering Wales website
    • ", + "
  • Volunteer Scotland website
    • ", + "

    Find out about volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Volunteers' rights

    ", + "

    You do not have a contract of employment as a volunteer, so you do not have the same rights as an employee or worker.

    ", + "

    You will usually be given a volunteer agreement that explains:

    ", + "
  • the level of supervision and support you\u2019ll get
    • ", + "
  • what training you\u2019ll get
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re covered under the organisation\u2019s employer or public liability insurance
    • ", + "
  • health and safety issues
    • ", + "
  • any expenses the organisation will cover
    • ", + "

    The volunteer agreement is not compulsory, but sets out what you can expect from the organisation you\u2019re volunteering for. It does not form a contract between you and the organisation.

    ", + "

    The National Council for Voluntary Organisations (NCVO) has information on volunteers\u2019 legal status.

    ", + "

    When you can volunteer

    ", + "

    Age limits

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no upper age limit on volunteering, but anyone over 70 will need to follow public health advice on volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Some organisations\u2019 insurance policies do not cover you if you\u2019re under 16 or over a certain age.

    ", + "

    You cannot work for a profit-making organisation if you\u2019re under 14, even if you\u2019re not paid.

    ", + "

    Your local council might have extra rules about the work you can do as a young person.

    ", + "

    Volunteering and benefits

    ", + "

    You can volunteer and claim benefits if:

    ", + "
  • the only money you get from volunteering is to cover expenses, like travel costs
    • ", + "
  • you continue to meet the conditions of the benefit you get
    • ", + "

    Criminal records

    ", + "

    If you have a criminal record you can still volunteer in most roles, depending on your offences. You might need a Disclosure and Barring Service check if you want to volunteer with children or vulnerable adults.

    ", + "

    Pay and expenses

    ", + "

    You are not paid for your time as a volunteer, but you may get money to cover expenses. This is usually limited to food, drink, travel or any equipment you need to buy.

    ", + "

    You may need to pay tax on your driving expenses if you get back more than you spent.

    ", + "

    You might be classed as an employee or worker rather than a volunteer if you get any other payment, reward or benefit in kind. This includes any promise of a contract or paid work in the future.

    ", + "

    You get certain employment rights if you\u2019re classed as an employee or worker, like getting the minimum wage.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus-volunteering", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group. You can also help people in your local area by doing things like picking up shopping or medicines.

    ", + "

    You may be able to volunteer:

    ", + "
  • from home
    • ", + "
  • from outside your home
    • ", + "
  • in a workplace
    • ", + "

    A new COVID-19 variant is spreading in some parts of England. Check what you can and cannot do if you\u2019re in an area where the new variant is spreading.

    ", + "

    This guidance is for volunteers in England. There\u2019s different guidance on:

    ", + "
  • volunteering in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • volunteering in Wales
    • ", + "
  • volunteering in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    If you run an organisation or group, or manage volunteers, find out how to involve volunteers safely.

    ", + "

    Where you can volunteer

    ", + "

    You should volunteer from home where possible.

    ", + "

    Follow guidance on volunteering with other people if you have to volunteer outside your home. Do not leave home if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate by NHS Test and Trace
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating for any other reason
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re volunteering in a workplace, it should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19

    ", + "

    You can volunteer outside your home, if you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19 (clinically extremely vulnerable), but you should take extra steps to protect yourself. For example, reduce:

    ", + "
  • your social interactions
    • ", + "
  • the time you spend in places where you cannot social distance
    • ", + "

    If you have COVID-19 symptoms

    ", + "

    Do not volunteer outside your home if you have COVID-19 symptoms or if you\u2019ve tested positive for COVID-19.

    ", + "

    You must self-isolate from the date you started having symptoms or from the day you tested positive and for the next 10 full days - whichever is the latest.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating your volunteer organisation should not ask you to leave home.

    ", + "

    If you need to travel as a volunteer

    ", + "

    Find out how to travel safely if you\u2019re volunteering in England.

    ", + "

    Check COVID-19 guidance in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland before you travel, if you need to volunteer in one of these countries.

    ", + "

    Before volunteering abroad:

    ", + "
  • check if the country you\u2019re going to is accepting volunteers - read foreign travel advice to find out where you can go
    • ", + "
  • read the guidance on travelling abroad during COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • check if your volunteering role means you\u2019re exempt from travel restrictions
    • ", + "
  • check the rules you must follow when you return to England
    • ", + "

    Ways to volunteer

    ", + "

    You can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group, for example a charity, the NHS or a local volunteer-run group.

    ", + "

    Find out about volunteering with a charity or voluntary organisation.

    ", + "

    Check if your local council has volunteering opportunities.

    ", + "

    You should choose your volunteering activity based on your risk of getting seriously ill with COVID-19.

    ", + "

    Volunteer with the NHS

    ", + "

    If you want to help the NHS as a general volunteer, apply for the NHS volunteer responder scheme. You\u2019ll need to check if the scheme is recruiting in your area.

    ", + "

    To volunteer in a hospital, including if you\u2019re a doctor or nurse, contact your local hospital trust.

    ", + "

    If you want to give blood, read the guidance about donating blood during COVID-19.

    ", + "

    You can also sign up to the NHS COVID-19 vaccine registry if you want to take part in a COVID-19 vaccine research study.

    ", + "

    Help people in your local area

    ", + "

    You can help others by doing activities like picking up shopping and offering support on the phone. This includes:

    ", + "
  • family, friends and neighbours who are at high risk from COVID-19 or who prefer not to go out
    • ", + "
  • people who are feeling lonely or isolated
    • ", + "
  • staff and volunteers in key worker roles
    • ", + "

    You can also join a mutual aid group. A mutual aid group is a local volunteer-run initiative where people come together to help each other.

    ", + "

    Protect those you help

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about someone\u2019s health, contact the NHS or check NHS COVID-19 advice online.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re helping someone who\u2019s staying at home, you should follow social distancing guidelines if you do have to go indoors.

    ", + "

    It may not always be possible to follow social distancing guidelines, for example if you\u2019re providing personal care to someone. You should consider whether the activity is essential and follow working safely guidance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re helping someone who\u2019s not a friend or family member

    ", + "

    You should show identification when you call at their home.

    ", + "

    You should not:

    ", + "
  • ask for their credit or debit card numbers, or other financial information
    • ", + "
  • take their address and phone number, unless you need it to do a task
    • ", + "
  • pressure them into giving you any unnecessary information
    • ", + "

    You can find out how to help others safely on the British Red Cross website.

    ", + "

    Contact the police if you think someone you\u2019re helping is being abused or neglected. Phone 999 in an emergency or 101 if the person is not in immediate danger.

    ", + "

    Volunteering with other people

    ", + "

    When you volunteer, you can meet in groups of any size from different households, both indoors or outdoors. However, meeting in smaller groups can reduce the risk of coronavirus (COVID-19) spreading.

    ", + "

    You can also meet in groups for activities like volunteer recruitment and training. This does not include meeting in groups for social activities.

    ", + "

    The organisation or group of volunteers running the activities should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.

    ", + "

    As a volunteer, you should:

    ", + "
  • follow social distancing guidelines
    • ", + "
  • wash your hands regularly and for 20 seconds
    • ", + "
  • wear a face covering indoors
    • ", + "
  • make sure indoor spaces are well ventilated with fresh air
    • ", + "

    In some volunteering roles, it may not be possible for you to follow social distancing guidelines. For example, driving a vehicle with others in it. You should consider whether the activity is essential before doing it and follow the guidance on working safely during COVID-19.

    ", + "

    Volunteering in a support group

    ", + "

    You can volunteer in a support group. Support groups should provide mutual aid, therapy or another form of support.

    ", + "

    There cannot be more than 30 people in the support group itself. Children under 5 are not included in this limit. There\u2019s no limit to the number of volunteers.

    ", + "

    For example, 5 volunteers could support up to 30 people in a group session, to make a group of 35 in total.

    ", + "

    Formal support groups must not be run from private homes.

    ", + "

    Testing and vaccination

    ", + "

    Find out how to get tested for coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you volunteer in an essential role and have COVID-19 symptoms, you\u2019ll be prioritised for a test.

    ", + "

    Who can get a vaccine

    ", + "

    You can get vaccinated if you\u2019re a volunteer in an eligible group. This includes volunteers in frontline health and social care roles.

    ", + "

    If you qualify for a vaccine because of your age or a clinical condition, you\u2019ll be vaccinated at the same time as other people in your area.

    ", + "

    The NHS will let you know when you can get a vaccine and how to get it.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Access to Elected Office Fund", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/access-to-elected-office-fund", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    This fund is currently closed. Find out if you can get help with disability-related expenses from the \u2018EnAble Fund for Elected Office\u2019 instead.

    ", + "

    You could get a grant of between \u00a3250 and \u00a340,000 if you\u2019re disabled and standing for election to, or selection as a candidate in, the:

    ", + "
  • UK Parliament
    • ", + "
  • English local government
    • ", + "
  • Greater London Assembly
    • ", + "
  • mayoral elections (England only)
    • ", + "
  • Police and Crime Commissioner
    • ", + "
  • English parish and town councils
    • ", + "

    You will not have to pay back any money you receive.

    ", + "

    The fund is for disability-related costs you pay as part of standing for election - it does not cover general campaigning costs (like leaflets) or living costs.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    This fund is currently closed. Find out if you can get help with disability-related expenses from the \u2018EnAble Fund for Elected Office\u2019 instead.

    ", + "

    You could get between \u00a3250 and \u00a340,000 in any calendar year (1 January to 31 December) to cover disability-related costs. For example:

    ", + "
  • transport needs (if you have difficulty using public transport)
    • ", + "
  • sign language interpreters
    • ", + "
  • extra travel or accommodation costs if you need a carer
    • ", + "

    You can apply more than once but together the applications must not total more than \u00a340,000 in any calendar year. Your grant can be backdated up to 2 months before the date of your offer letter.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the money for general campaigning or living costs. Read guidance on campaign spending and donations from the Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you must send in any original invoices or receipts for the items you listed in your application. The money will be paid after you provide proof of your spending.

    ", + "

    Payments are made on the second and last Friday of every month.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    This fund is currently closed. Find out if you can get help with disability-related expenses from the \u2018EnAble Fund for Elected Office\u2019 instead.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Access to Elected Office Fund if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re eligible to stand for election
    • ", + "
  • you can prove your disability, for example with a letter from a doctor
    • ", + "
  • you can prove you\u2019re involved or interested in civic, community or relevant activities, for example volunteering or student politics
    • ", + "
  • your application is supported by a member of your political party, or an independent referee if you do not have a political party
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Avoid and report internet scams and phishing", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-suspicious-emails-websites-phishing", + "contents": [ + "

    Report internet scams and phishing

    ", + "

    Report misleading websites, emails, phone numbers, phone calls or text messages you think may be suspicious.

    ", + "

    Do not give out private information (such as bank details or passwords), reply to text messages, download attachments or click on any links in emails if you\u2019re not sure they\u2019re genuine.

    ", + "

    Suspicious emails

    ", + "

    Forward the email to report@phishing.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    The National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) will investigate it.

    ", + "

    Text messages

    ", + "

    Forward the text message to 7726 - it\u2019s free.

    ", + "

    This will report the message to your mobile phone provider.

    ", + "

    Adverts

    ", + "

    Report scam or misleading adverts to the Advertising Standards Authority. You can report adverts found online, including in search engines, websites or on social media.

    ", + "

    You can also report scam or misleading adverts to Google if you found them in Google search results, or report to Bing if you found them in Bing search results.

    ", + "

    If you think you\u2019ve been a victim of an online scam or fraud

    ", + "

    Contact Action Fraud if you think you\u2019ve lost money or been hacked because of an online scam or fraud. You can:

    ", + "
  • report online - either sign up for an account or continue as a \u2018guest\u2019
    • ", + "
  • call 0300 123 2040
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Scotland and you think you\u2019ve been the victim of an online scam or fraud, report the crime to Police Scotland.

    ", + "

    Avoid misleading government websites, emails and phone numbers

    ", + "

    Some websites, emails or phone numbers look like they\u2019re part of an official government service when they\u2019re not, or claim to help more than they actually do. Some make you pay for things that would be free or cheaper if you use the official government service.

    ", + "

    Search on GOV.UK to find official government services and phone numbers, for example if you want to apply to the DVLA for a driving licence.

    ", + "

    Report HMRC phishing emails, texts and phone call scams

    ", + "

    You can report something suspicious to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019s (HMRC) phishing team, for example:

    ", + "
  • a text message (forward it to 60599 - you\u2019ll be charged at your network rate)
    • ", + "
  • an email (forward it to phishing@hmrc.gov.uk)
    • ", + "
  • a message in an application, for example WhatsApp - take a screenshot and forward as an email
    • ", + "
  • phone calls asking for personal information or threatening a lawsuit (report a phone call)
    • ", + "

    Your email address and phone number will be shared with other organisations if that\u2019s necessary to close down the scam.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve given your personal details to someone

    ", + "

    Contact the HMRC security team if you think you\u2019ve given any personal information in reply to a suspicious email or text.

    ", + "

    Include brief details of what you disclosed (for example name, address, HMRC User ID, password) but do not give your personal details in the email.

    ", + "

    Spotting HMRC scams

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll never get an email, text message, message in an application (for example WhatsApp) or a phone call from HMRC which:

    ", + "
  • tells you about a tax rebate or penalty
    • ", + "
  • asks for your personal or payment information
    • ", + "

    Check HMRC\u2019s guidance on recognising scams if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    Report visa and immigration scams

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll never be asked to pay for a visa using:

    ", + "
  • cash
    • ", + "
  • money transfer
    • ", + "

    Contact Action Fraud to report visa and immigration scams. You should include:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the suspicious email you received, the sender\u2019s email address and the date and time it was received
    • ", + "
  • details of what you sent in a reply, if you replied - for example whether you sent your bank details, address or password
    • ", + "

    You can also report suspicious emails, letters or telephone calls to the police through Action Fraud.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Challenge an election result", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-election-result", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can make a challenge

    ", + "

    You may be able to challenge the result of an election if you think it was not run properly, for example the votes were not counted correctly or a candidate broke the law.

    ", + "

    You can challenge a UK Parliament election if either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you had the right to vote in it
    • ", + "
  • you were a candidate
    • ", + "

    You can challenge a local government election if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re part of a group of at least 4 people who had the right to vote in the election
    • ", + "
  • you were a candidate
    • ", + "

    The deadline

    ", + "

    You must usually apply within 21 days of when:

    ", + "
  • the result of the UK Parliament election was returned to the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery
    • ", + "
  • the local government election was held
    • ", + "

    A judge might let you apply after 21 days if:

    ", + "
  • you think there have been corrupt or illegal practices, for example bribery
    • ", + "
  • your complaint is about election expenses, for example you think the winner spent more than they were allowed
    • ", + "

    How to make a challenge

    ", + "

    To challenge an election you must apply to the Election Petitions Office. This is called issuing an election petition.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send:

    ", + "
  • an election petition
    • ", + "
  • an application to pay \u2018security for costs\u2019
    • ", + "

    The Election Petitions Office will stamp the petition before you send (\u2018serve\u2019) it to the people you\u2019re complaining about (\u2018the respondents\u2019). You can then apply to set a date for a hearing.

    ", + "

    What to include in the petition

    ", + "

    Your petition must say:

    ", + "
  • why you\u2019re allowed to challenge the election result
    • ", + "
  • the date and result of the election
    • ", + "
  • the reason you\u2019re challenging the result, for example you think the votes were counted incorrectly
    • ", + "
  • what you would like to happen, for example a recount
    • ", + "

    For a UK Parliament election, you must also give the date the result was given to the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery. The person who oversaw the election (the \u2018returning officer\u2019) can tell you this.

    ", + "

    You can use a template to help you write the petition.

    ", + "

    You must sign the petition. You cannot ask a solicitor to sign it for you. If you\u2019re part of a group, you must all sign.

    ", + "

    Application for \u2018security for costs\u2019

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make an application to pay \u2018security for costs\u2019. This covers the cost of going to court.

    ", + "

    Fill in form N244 (the \u2018application notice\u2019) and send it with your petition.

    ", + "

    Send your challenge

    ", + "

    Send your petition and your application to pay \u2018security for costs\u2019 to the Election Petitions Office, along with your fees. The fees are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3528 to issue a petition
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3100 to apply for \u2018security for costs\u2019
    • ", + "

    Make your cheque or postal order payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.

    ", + "

    The Election Petitions Office must receive your petition by the last day you\u2019re allowed to apply.

    ", + "

    You can also hand in your petition in person. The Election Petitions Office is open on weekdays from 9:30am to 4:30pm.

    ", + "

    On the last day you\u2019re allowed to apply, you can apply any time before midnight. Put your petition in the letterbox outside room E110 if the office is closed.

    ", + "

    Call the Royal Courts of Justice if you need to get access to the letterbox.

    ", + "

    You must make a statement (\u2018swear an affidavit\u2019) the next working day in front of a solicitor or a notary public. Your statement must confirm the day and time when you put the petition in the letterbox.

    ", + "

    Pay 'security for costs'

    ", + "

    After you apply, the Election Petitions Office will tell you how much to pay for \u2018security for costs\u2019. The maximum is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a35,000 for a UK Parliament election
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,500 for a local government election
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,500 for a parish council election
    • ", + "

    You can sometimes get help with court fees if you have little or no savings, are on certain benefits or have a low income.

    ", + "

    You can pay cash or give the names of up to 4 people (\u2018sureties\u2019) who will guarantee to pay. You must do this within 3 working days of handing in the petition.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the \u2018security for costs\u2019 back if you win the case.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay more if you lose the case or you decide to stop it.

    ", + "

    Serve your election petition

    ", + "

    You should only contact the people you\u2019re complaining about (\u2018the respondents\u2019) once the Elections Petitions Office has stamped your petition. You must give (\u2018serve\u2019) them the petition within 5 working days of paying the \u2018security for costs\u2019.

    ", + "

    The person who won the election must be one of the respondents, even if you do not think they\u2019ve done anything wrong.

    ", + "

    What you must send

    ", + "

    Send each respondent copies of:

    ", + "
  • a letter (\u2018notice of presentation\u2019) from your solicitor if you have one
    • ", + "
  • the petition you sent to the Election Petitions Office
    • ", + "
  • the letter from the Election Petitions Office showing the amount of \u2018security for costs\u2019 and how you\u2019re paying (cash or guarantees)
    • ", + "
  • promises (\u2018affidavits\u2019) from the people who guarantee to pay (\u2018sureties\u2019) if relevant
    • ", + "

    You must also send copies to the Director of Public Prosecutions.

    ", + "

    You can send your documents:

    ", + "
  • in person
    • ", + "
  • by first class post
    • ", + "
  • through a solicitor
    • ", + "

    The court will consider documents to be served 2 days after they were posted if that\u2019s a working day, or the next working day if it is not.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing and trial

    ", + "

    Contact the Election Petitions Office to set the date for the hearing. You should do this within 28 days of your petition being stamped.

    ", + "

    If you do not apply to set a date for the hearing, the respondents will have 28 days to apply themselves. They can also make other requests, for example to cancel (\u2018set aside\u2019) your petition.

    ", + "

    A judge will set a date for the hearing if you and the respondents do not apply to set one.

    ", + "

    At the hearing and trial

    ", + "

    At the hearing a judge can appoint a commissioner to manage your complaint. The commissioner will look at the evidence, for example by checking the voting slips.

    ", + "

    If the commissioner thinks there should be a trial, it will normally be at a court in the constituency where you\u2019re challenging the result.

    ", + "

    At the trial you and the respondents will each present your cases to the commissioner. Both sides can call witnesses to give evidence.

    ", + "

    It usually takes several weeks to get a judgment. You\u2019ll be called to a meeting with the commissioner to hear the decision.

    ", + "

    You cannot appeal the decision.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "How to vote", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-vote", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need to be registered to vote before you can vote in UK elections or referendums.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, you can vote in person on the day of the election at a named polling station. You can also apply for a postal or proxy vote instead.

    ", + "

    Find out about voting safely during coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Ways of voting

    ", + "

    You can vote:

    ", + "
  • in person at a polling station
    • ", + "
  • by post
    • ", + "
  • by asking someone else to vote for you (voting by proxy)
    • ", + "

    You cannot vote online in any elections.

    ", + "

    Eligibility to vote

    ", + "

    You can vote when you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • 18 years old in England and Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • 16 years old in Scottish Parliament and local elections (and other elections when you\u2019re 18)
    • ", + "
  • 16 years old in Welsh Parliament elections (and other elections when you\u2019re 18)
    • ", + "

    Elections you can vote in

    ", + "

    Different elections have different rules on who can vote.

    ", + "

    Voting and coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Elections and referendums are going ahead during coronavirus (COVID-19), though you may see changes to some processes. You can still vote in person at a polling station.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating, clinically extremely vulnerable, or do not want to go to the polling station, you can vote by post or vote by proxy.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get an emergency proxy vote at short notice if you need to self-isolate shortly before or on election day.

    ", + "

    At the polling station

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, there will be safety measures in place at polling stations to help you vote safely (for example, a one-way system or restrictions on the number of people allowed in).

    ", + "

    If you choose to vote in person, make sure you:

    ", + "
  • wear a face covering (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "
  • bring your own pen or pencil (there will be clean pencils available at the polling station if you forget to bring your own)
    • ", + "
  • use the hand sanitiser provided when entering and leaving the polling station
    • ", + "
  • keep to social distancing guidelines
    • ", + "

    If you have COVID-19 symptoms or have been asked to self-isolate

    ", + "

    Do not visit the polling station. Apply for an emergency proxy vote instead. Your proxy can also apply if they develop symptoms.

    ", + "

    You can apply until 5pm on election day. There are different forms to:

    ", + "
  • apply for an emergency proxy vote in England
    • ", + "
  • apply for an emergency proxy vote in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • apply for an emergency proxy vote in Wales
    • ", + "

    Voting in person

    ", + "

    You vote in person at a polling station (usually in a public building, such as a school or local hall).

    ", + "

    Your poll card

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a poll card just before an election telling you when to vote and at which polling station. You can only vote at the polling station location on your card.

    ", + "

    If you have not received a poll card but think you should, contact your local Electoral Registration Office.

    ", + "

    You can still vote if you\u2019ve lost your card.

    ", + "

    When you can vote

    ", + "

    Polling stations will be open from 7am to 10pm on the day of an election (\u2018polling day\u2019).

    ", + "

    When you get to the polling station

    ", + "

    Give your name and address to the staff inside the polling station when you arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a ballot paper containing a list of the people, parties or options you can vote for.

    ", + "

    ID you need to bring

    ", + "

    If you live in England, Wales or Scotland you do not need to bring any identification to vote.

    ", + "

    You will need to show photo ID to vote in Northern Ireland (your passport, driving licence, Electoral Identity Card or certain kinds of Translink Smartpass).

    ", + "

    You do not have to take your poll card with you.

    ", + "

    Filling in your ballot paper

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions on the notices in the polling booth and on the top of the ballot paper to vote.

    ", + "

    Voting if you have a disability

    ", + "

    If you have a disability, your local Electoral Registration Office can tell you about:

    ", + "
  • physical access, for example wheelchair ramps and disabled parking spaces
    • ", + "
  • low-level polling booths
    • ", + "
  • equipment for voters with a visual impairment
    • ", + "

    Every polling station must provide at least one large print display version of the ballot paper and a special tactile voting device (TVD) to help people with sight loss.

    ", + "

    Voting by post

    ", + "

    You must apply for a postal vote if you want to vote by post, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re away from home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re abroad and want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "

    You do not need to give a reason unless you\u2019re voting in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Apply for a postal vote

    ", + "

    You can apply to vote by post for one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a single election on a specific date
    • ", + "
  • a specific period if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • permanently
    • ", + "

    Arrange to vote by proxy if there are under 2 weeks until election day and you have not made arrangements.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different form to apply to vote by post in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Change where your postal vote card is sent

    ", + "

    Make a new application for a postal vote if you move house or you\u2019ll be away from home when the postal vote is sent out.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different form for Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Completing and returning your postal vote

    ", + "

    When voting by post, you should:

    ", + "
  • mark your vote on your ballot paper in secret
    • ", + "
  • fill in the postal voting statement
    • ", + "
  • put the ballot and statement in the envelope provided
    • ", + "
  • seal the envelope yourself
    • ", + "

    Post your ballot back as quickly as possible to make sure it\u2019s counted.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re too late to post your ballot paper

    ", + "

    Take it to your local polling station by 10pm on election day, or Electoral Registration Office before they close.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, take it to your local Area Electoral Office before they close.

    ", + "

    Replace a lost or damaged ballot paper

    ", + "

    Your ballot paper needs to clearly display your details and voting choice. If it has been damaged you need to get another one.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • ask your local Electoral Registration Office to post a replacement
    • ", + "
  • collect a replacement from your local Electoral Registration Office up to 5pm on election day (or the day before in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    You cannot vote at a polling station if you registered to vote by post but your ballot paper was lost or damaged.

    ", + "

    Voting by proxy

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to vote in person you can ask someone to vote on your behalf. This is called a proxy vote.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a proxy vote under certain circumstances, including:

    ", + "
  • being away on polling day
    • ", + "
  • having a medical issue or disability
    • ", + "
  • not being able to vote in person because of work or military service
    • ", + "

    Your proxy should be someone you trust to vote on your behalf. You\u2019ll need to tell them which candidate (or referendum outcome) you want to vote for.

    ", + "

    How to apply for a proxy vote

    ", + "

    Apply for a proxy vote using a paper form. You need to send it to your local Electoral Registration Office.

    ", + "

    Usually, you need to apply for a proxy vote at least 6 working days before election day if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different form to apply to vote by proxy in Northern Ireland. Apply at least 14 working days before election day.

    ", + "

    Apply for an emergency proxy vote

    ", + "

    If the proxy vote deadline has passed you may be able to apply for an emergency proxy vote if you both:

    ", + "
  • cannot vote in person because of your employment or a disability
    • ", + "
  • became aware of this reason after the proxy deadline
    • ", + "

    You can apply until 5pm on the day of the election. Fill in a paper form to:

    ", + "
  • apply to vote by emergency proxy based on your employment
    • ", + "
  • apply to vote by emergency proxy based on your disability
    • ", + "

    An \u2018appropriate person\u2019 (for example your employer or a doctor) must sign the application form. Send it to your local Electoral Registration Office.

    ", + "

    You can also apply for an emergency proxy vote if you or your proxy need to self-isolate because of COVID-19.

    ", + "

    How long your proxy vote is for

    ", + "

    You can apply to vote by proxy:

    ", + "
  • for a single election on a specific date
    • ", + "
  • for a specific period if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • permanently
    • ", + "

    Who can act as a proxy

    ", + "

    You can ask anyone to act as your proxy - as long as they:

    ", + "
  • are registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • are allowed to vote in the type of election taking place
    • ", + "
  • can vote in the polling station stated on your poll card
    • ", + "

    If they cannot get to your polling station, they will need to contact your local Electoral Registration Office to arrange to cast their proxy vote by post.

    ", + "

    Change or cancel your proxy vote

    ", + "

    To change who acts as your proxy or to start voting in person, contact your local Electoral Registration Office.

    ", + "

    If you want to vote by post instead, complete a postal vote application.

    ", + "

    Voting from abroad

    ", + "

    How you vote when you\u2019re abroad depends on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily or living abroad
    • ", + "
  • where you want to vote
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily

    ", + "

    You can vote by post or proxy if you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily on election day, for example on holiday or a work trip.

    ", + "

    Voting in England, Scotland or Wales

    ", + "

    You can arrange:

    ", + "
  • to vote by post
    • ", + "
  • for someone else to vote for you (vote by proxy)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re abroad on election day you need to make arrangements in advance. Apply to vote by proxy if the election is less than 2 weeks away and you have not made arrangements yet.

    ", + "

    Your postal ballot will be sent to the address you\u2019ve chosen no earlier than 16 days before the election. You need to return your ballot before 10pm on polling day.

    ", + "

    Voting in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process to apply to vote by post or proxy if you live in Northern Ireland and will be abroad temporarily on election day.

    ", + "

    If you will not have time to receive and return your postal ballot in Northern Ireland before going abroad you\u2019ll need to vote by proxy. You cannot apply to have your postal vote sent outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re moving or living abroad

    ", + "

    You can only vote in UK Parliament elections. You may be able to vote in referendums. Each referendum has different rules on who can vote in it.

    ", + "

    You need to register as an overseas voter.

    ", + "

    You can vote by post or proxy, if you\u2019re eligible. You\u2019ll be asked to make this choice when you register.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then need to apply by filling in and posting one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the paper form to apply for a postal vote
    • ", + "
  • the paper form to apply for a proxy vote
    • ", + "

    You can also ask for the form to be emailed or posted to you when you register online.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered in Northern Ireland, you cannot vote by post from abroad.

    ", + "

    Get help voting

    ", + "

    You can contact your Electoral Register Office to find out when postal votes might be sent. This could help you decide whether to vote by proxy or by post.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "The electoral register and the 'open register'", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/electoral-register", + "contents": [ + "

    Get on the electoral register

    ", + "

    The electoral register (sometimes called the \u2018electoral roll\u2019) lists the names and addresses of everyone who\u2019s registered to vote.

    ", + "

    Use the register to vote service to:

    ", + "
  • get on the electoral register
    • ", + "
  • update your details (for example change your name or address)
    • ", + "

    To check whether you\u2019re already on the register, contact:

    ", + "
  • your local Electoral Registration Office if you live in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • the Electoral Office for Northern Ireland (EONI) if you live in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    What happens if you do not register

    ", + "

    You must register to vote if you\u2019re asked to do so and you meet the conditions for registering, for example you\u2019re 16 or over and you\u2019re British or a national of an EU or Commonwealth country.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to register and do not, you could be fined.

    ", + "

    You will not be fined if you have a valid reason for not registering, for example a long stay in hospital, or you have severe learning difficulties.

    ", + "

    When you can register in more than one place

    ", + "

    It\u2019s sometimes possible to register at 2 addresses (though you can only vote once in any election).

    ", + "

    For example, if you\u2019re a student with different home and term-time addresses, you may be able to register at both.

    ", + "

    Register to vote twice if you live at 2 addresses.

    ", + "

    The annual canvass

    ", + "

    From July each year Electoral Registration Offices (EROs) contact households to check if the details on the electoral register are correct. This is called the annual canvass.

    ", + "

    You will be contacted by post, email, phone or by someone knocking on your door.

    ", + "

    Canvass 2021 in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    From 1 July 2021, the electoral register in Northern Ireland will be renewed as part of the national canvass. If you want to vote in future elections, you must register to vote after 1 July, even if you\u2019ve registered before.

    ", + "

    Opt out of the 'open register'

    ", + "

    There are 2 versions of the electoral register - the full version and the \u2018open register\u2019 (known as the \u2018edited register\u2019 in Northern Ireland).

    ", + "

    If you registered to vote anonymously your details will not appear on either version of the electoral register. You will still be able to vote.

    ", + "

    How to opt out of the open register

    ", + "

    You can opt out of the open register. This is the version of the register that\u2019s available to anyone who wants to buy a copy.

    ", + "

    To opt out, either:

    ", + "
  • use the register to vote service (even if you\u2019re already registered)
    • ", + "
  • contact your local Electoral Registration Office if you live in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • contact the Electoral Office for Northern Ireland (EONI) if you live in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Opting out does not affect your right to vote.

    ", + "

    When you opt out of the open register, your details will still appear on the full version of the electoral register.

    ", + "

    The full version and what it can be used for

    ", + "

    Everyone\u2019s name and address goes on the full version of the electoral register, and you cannot opt out. This is the version of the register that\u2019s used for elections and referendums.

    ", + "

    The full version of the register can only be used for:

    ", + "
  • electoral administration purposes (such as sending out poll cards before elections)
    • ", + "
  • campaigning activities (for example, candidates and political parties sending election communications to voters, surveying opinions or fundraising)
    • ", + "
  • preventing and detecting crime
    • ", + "
  • checking applications for loans or credit
    • ", + "
  • jury summoning in England, Wales and Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You can find out more about the difference between the open register and the electoral register.

    ", + "

    View the electoral register

    ", + "

    Contact:

    ", + "
  • your local Electoral Registration Office if you live in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • the Electoral Office for Northern Ireland (EONI) if you live in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    They will tell you where you can view the current electoral register (it\u2019s often available in libraries). The register will list everyone who\u2019s registered to vote in the local area.

    ", + "

    Search historical versions of the electoral register

    ", + "

    You can find out about historical versions of the electoral register - for example, if you want to research local or family history.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Types of election, referendums, and who can vote", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/elections-in-the-uk", + "contents": [ + "

    General election

    ", + "

    General elections (elections to the UK Parliament) usually take place every 5 years.

    ", + "

    To vote in a general election you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • be a British, Irish or qualifying Commonwealth citizen
    • ", + "
  • be resident at an address in the UK (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    There are 650 Members of Parliament (MPs) in the UK Parliament.

    ", + "

    MPs are elected using the First Past the Post system. You vote once for a candidate in your constituency and the candidate with the most votes becomes your MP.

    ", + "

    You can find your local MP.

    ", + "

    Read more about general elections on The Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    Local government

    ", + "

    Local government elections take place at least every 4 years. Not all local government elections take place at the same time.

    ", + "

    Your local government will do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • elect all the local councillors every 4 years
    • ", + "
  • elect half the local councillors every 2 years
    • ", + "
  • elect one third of the local councillors every year for 3 years and hold no elections in the 4th year
    • ", + "

    To vote in a local government election you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019) (16 or over in Scotland)
    • ", + "
  • be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    You must also be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • an Irish or EU citizen
    • ", + "
  • a qualifying Commonwealth citizen
    • ", + "
  • a citizen of another country living in Scotland or Wales who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission
    • ", + "

    Local government councillors in England and Wales are elected using the First Past the Post system. You vote for one candidate in your local area and the candidate with the most votes wins.

    ", + "

    In Scotland and Northern Ireland, councillors are elected using the Single Transferable Vote system. You rank the candidates in order of preference.

    ", + "

    When you can vote in more than one local election

    ", + "

    If you live in 2 different local authority areas (for example because you\u2019re a student), you may be able to vote in both areas.

    ", + "

    You must register to vote in both areas. The local Electoral Registration Offices will check each application and tell you if you can register in both areas.

    ", + "

    Read more about local government elections on The Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    Scottish Parliament

    ", + "

    There are 129 Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs).

    ", + "

    To vote in Scottish Parliament elections you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote at an address in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • be 16 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    You must also be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • an Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • a citizen of another country living in Scotland who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission
    • ", + "

    MSPs are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency MSP and once for an MSP to represent the wider region.

    ", + "

    Read more about the Scottish Parliament elections on The Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland Assembly

    ", + "

    There are 90 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) in the Northern Ireland Assembly.

    ", + "

    To vote in Northern Ireland Assembly elections you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen
    • ", + "
  • be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    MLAs are elected by the Single Transferable Vote system.

    ", + "

    Read more about the Northern Ireland Assembly elections on The Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    Welsh Parliament

    ", + "

    There are 60 Members of the Senedd Cymru: Welsh Parliament (MSs).

    ", + "

    To vote in Welsh Parliament elections you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • be 16 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • live in Wales
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    MSs are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency MS and once for an MS to represent the wider region.

    ", + "

    Read more about the Welsh Parliament on The Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    Local mayors, Mayor of London and London Assembly

    ", + "

    Elected local mayors

    ", + "

    In some areas of England voters elect a mayor.

    ", + "

    Check if your mayor is elected on your local council website.

    ", + "

    Mayors are elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.

    ", + "

    If no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, then your second choice is counted.

    ", + "

    To vote for a local mayor, you must be eligible to vote in local elections.

    ", + "

    Mayor of London and London Assembly

    ", + "

    The Mayor of London makes decisions on behalf of the people of London. The 25 London Assembly Members make sure the Mayor\u2019s decisions are in the interests of the public.

    ", + "

    To vote in the London Mayor and London Assembly elections you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen
    • ", + "
  • be resident at an address in Greater London
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    The Mayor of London is elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.

    ", + "

    If no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, your second choice is counted.

    ", + "

    London Assembly members are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency member and once for a London-wide representative.

    ", + "

    There are 14 constituency members and 11 London-wide members.

    ", + "

    Read more about the Mayor of London and London Assembly elections on The Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    Police and Crime Commissioner

    ", + "

    There are 41 Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) in England and Wales who are elected to make sure the police are run properly. There is no elected PCC for London.

    ", + "

    To vote in a PCC election you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen
    • ", + "
  • be resident at an address in England or Wales (excluding London)
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    PCCs are elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.

    ", + "

    If no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, your second choice is counted.

    ", + "

    Read more about Police and Crime Commissioner elections on The Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    Referendums

    ", + "

    A referendum is a vote on a single issue.

    ", + "

    Each referendum has different rules on who can vote in it.

    ", + "

    To vote in a referendum you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • be 18 or over on the day of the referendum (\u2018polling day\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • be a British, Irish or Commonwealth citizen
    • ", + "
  • be resident at an address in the UK or Gibraltar (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    You make one choice between 2 options. Votes are counted for the whole of the UK, not by constituency.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a call up to the reserve forces", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-call-up-reserve-forces", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals (RFAT) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in the UK reserve forces and your request for exemption from service has been turned down
    • ", + "
  • you employ a reservist and your request for their exemption from service has been turned down
    • ", + "

    The tribunal must receive your appeal within 5 days of you getting the decision letter or your application will be rejected.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re going to miss the deadline and have a valid reason, say why when you appeal. Extensions are only granted in exceptional circumstances.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    Contact RFAT or your legal representative if you have any questions about appealing. RFAT cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    You can find legal advice, including from a lawyer.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the tribunal

    ", + "

    Write a letter called a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 to the Secretary of Tribunals.

    ", + "

    Your letter must include:

    ", + "
  • your name, address and telephone number
    • ", + "
  • a statement that it\u2019s a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the grounds for appealing the decision
    • ", + "
  • what you want the tribunal to decide (known as the \u2018determination\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • whether you want to attend the hearing
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ll be legally represented
    • ", + "
  • the names and addresses of any witnesses you\u2019d like to give evidence at the hearing
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing
    • ", + "
  • all documents that were part of your application for exemption
    • ", + "
  • any relevant documents that were not part of your original application - and the reasons why they were not included
    • ", + "

    Send your letter

    ", + "

    You can email, fax, post or deliver your notice of appeal in person to:

    ", + "

    After you send your application

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told straight away when your appeal has been received.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be given:

    ", + "
  • a case name
    • ", + "
  • a case number
    • ", + "
  • an address for sending any further letters and documents to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • a hearing date - it\u2019ll usually be within 28 days of the tribunal getting your appeal
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally find out within a week of sending your appeal:

    ", + "
  • whether the tribunal will consider your case
    • ", + "
  • whether the Reserve Forces opposes the appeal and why
    • ", + "
  • if the tribunal needs more information
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get another letter a few days before the hearing telling you what documents to bring with you, or send by post in advance.

    ", + "

    Witnesses

    ", + "

    The tribunal may suggest witnesses. You must contact them and make sure they appear at the hearing.

    ", + "

    The tribunal can force witnesses to appear at the hearing if you\u2019re unable to do it yourself - the tribunal will tell you how.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You (or your legal representative) will present your case to the tribunal. An \u2018adjudication officer\u2019 will represent the Reserve Forces.

    ", + "

    Both sides can give evidence, call witnesses, question witnesses and make statements to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    If neither side wants to attend a hearing, a decision will be made without a hearing. This is called a \u2018paper hearing\u2019.

    ", + "

    You and any witnesses who attend a hearing may be able to claim for expenses you have, for example accommodation or travel.

    ", + "

    Hearings are usually held in public.

    ", + "

    The tribunal\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    You may get a decision at the end of the hearing. You\u2019ll also get a written copy sent to you.

    ", + "

    If a decision\u2019s not made at the hearing, you\u2019ll get a letter telling you the decision within 1 month. This is known as a \u2018reserved\u2019 decision.

    ", + "

    If you're unhappy with the decision

    ", + "

    You cannot appeal if you lose the case.

    ", + "

    In exceptional circumstances, you may be able to ask for the tribunal to review its decision, for example if:

    ", + "
  • new evidence becomes available
    • ", + "
  • the Secretary of Tribunals made a mistake in the proceedings
    • ", + "
  • someone had the right to attend the hearing but could not, and had a valid reason for doing so
    • ", + "
  • something else has gone wrong that\u2019s made the process or decision unfair (known as a review \u2018in the interests of justice\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You can get legal advice, including from a lawyer if you need help.

    ", + "

    Write to the Secretary of Tribunals within 5 days of getting the decision.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The tribunal can:

    ", + "
  • \u2018set aside\u2019 the decision - this means you\u2019ll have another hearing
    • ", + "
  • change the decision
    • ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process in:

    ", + "
  • the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals Rules 1997
    • ", + "
  • Part IX of the Reserve Forces Act 1996
    • ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the Reserve Forces (Call-out and Recall) (Exemptions Etc.) Regulations 1997.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a decision by the immigration and asylum tribunal", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/upper-tribunal-immigration-asylum", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if you think there\u2019s a legal mistake with a decision made by the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber).

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice (including from a solicitor), or help from a regulated immigration adviser.

    ", + "

    You can also contact Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get legal aid.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get asylum support, for example housing and money, while you\u2019re waiting to find out if you\u2019ll be given asylum.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal if you have any questions about your appeal. The tribunal can not give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    You must be able to make a case for why the decision was legally wrong. For example, if the tribunal:

    ", + "
  • did not apply the correct law or wrongly interpreted the law
    • ", + "
  • did not follow the correct procedures
    • ", + "
  • had no evidence or not enough evidence to support its decision
    • ", + "

    Ask for permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You must ask the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given the form to ask permission from the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) when you get your decision. Send it with a copy of the decision to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Deadlines for asking the First-tier Tribunal for permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You must ask for permission to appeal within a certain period of time of getting your decision. When you must appeal by depends on whether you\u2019re inside or outside the UK.

    ", + " | When you must appeal by", + "You\u2019re inside the UK | 14 days after the date on the written reasons for the decisions", + "You\u2019re outside the UK | 28 days after the date on the written reasons for the decisions", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There is no fee to appeal to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal if the First-tier Tribunal refuses, or only gives your permission to appeal on limited grounds.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the Upper Tribunal permission request form and send it with the appropriate documents to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You must also say whether you want a hearing or not.

    ", + "

    If your case was heard at either the Yarl\u2019s Wood or the Harmondsworth hearing centre as a Detained Immigration Appeal, send your application to the Harmondsworth hearing centre.

    ", + "

    Deadlines for asking the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal

    ", + "

    How long you have depends on where you are and how you received your refusal letter from the First-tier Tribunal.

    ", + " | When you must appeal by", + "You\u2019re inside the UK | 14 days after the date on the decision", + "You\u2019re outside the UK | 1 month after the date on the decision", + "

    Documents you must send with your application

    ", + "

    Include copies of the following documents with your form:

    ", + "
  • the decision by the First-tier Tribunal
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018notice of refusal of permission to appeal\u2019 by the First-tier Tribunal or the \u2018refusal to admit the application for permission\u2019
    • ", + "
  • a statement clearly setting out your reasons for why you think the First-tier Tribunal made a mistake
    • ", + "
  • any other relevant documents that you sent to the First-tier Tribunal
    • ", + "

    You also need to include any written evidence that shows why you think the First-tier Tribunal made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    If your application is late, you must explain in writing why it is late. The tribunal will then decide if it can review your application.

    ", + "

    Ask for a hearing

    ", + "

    You can ask on your application for a decision to be made either:

    ", + "
  • just on the information in your application
    • ", + "
  • at a hearing that you or your representative can go to
    • ", + "

    The tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case and invited to attend if you\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    If they do not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your application.

    ", + "

    Withdrawing your appeal

    ", + "

    Only you or your representative can withdraw your appeal. Contact the tribunal in writing if you want to withdraw your appeal - include your appeal number. The tribunal will decide whether to give you permission to withdraw, or if the hearing will go ahead.

    ", + "

    If your hearing is less than 7 days away, contact the hearing centre where your appeal is scheduled.

    ", + "

    If you have a hearing

    ", + "

    You or your representative will be told when and where your hearing will take place. You can check the daily courts lists on the day of your hearing to find out if anything has changed.

    ", + "

    You may need to attend a pre-hearing first, where the tribunal will check that you\u2019re ready for the full hearing to take place.

    ", + "

    Bring copies of all the documents that you gave to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    You can bring a friend to represent you - ask the judge at the beginning of the hearing if this is the case.

    ", + "

    Special requirements

    ", + "

    Write to the Customer Enquiry Unit at least 2 weeks before your hearing if you need any special help, for example wheelchair access.

    ", + "

    Private hearings or hearings by video

    ", + "

    Hearings are usually carried out in public. If you have an important need (for example you think you\u2019ll be put in danger if you go to the hearing), you can ask:

    ", + "
  • for your name not to appear on any tribunal documents or court lists
    • ", + "
  • for the tribunal to be private and not open to the public
    • ", + "
  • to attend the hearing by video link
    • ", + "

    Asking for a male or female judge

    ", + "

    You can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.

    ", + "

    Make your request as soon as possible when your apply, and no later than 7 days before the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you cannot attend the hearing

    ", + "

    You must attend the hearing yourself if you\u2019re in the UK. You can also bring a solicitor or regulated immigration adviser with you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not in the UK, you can ask a solicitor, regulated immigration adviser or the person who supported your application (your \u2018sponsor\u2019) to attend the hearing in your place.

    ", + "

    You can only be represented at the hearing by a solicitor or regulated immigration adviser, your sponsor can not act on your behalf.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can not represent you at the hearing, they can only be:

    ", + "
  • told the tribunal\u2019s decision
    • ", + "
  • given information over the phone
    • ", + "

    You must write to the tribunal to tell them if your sponsor will be attending the hearing in your place. Include the case reference number of your appeal.

    ", + "

    Children at the hearing

    ", + "

    You can not take children into the hearing room with you. If you need to bring them to the tribunal, you\u2019ll need to bring someone to look after them.

    ", + "

    If your appeal can not be resolved at the hearing

    ", + "

    If your appeal is not held on its scheduled day for any reason (for example there is not a judge available) it\u2019ll be \u2018adjourned\u2019 and rescheduled for another day.

    ", + "

    Your hearing may also be adjourned as \u2018part heard\u2019 if there is not enough time to finish it, or it can not be resolved on the day, for example because more evidence is needed.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will arrange another hearing with the same people present.

    ", + "

    The tribunal's decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally get your decision in writing in 28 days.

    ", + "

    If you win your appeal

    ", + "

    If the Upper Tribunal decides that a mistake was made it can:

    ", + "
  • overrule the decision and make its own judgement
    • ", + "
  • order the First-tier Tribunal to hear the case again
    • ", + "

    The Home Office can appeal the decision of the tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you lose your appeal

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal mistake made by the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Get legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.

    ", + "

    Ask for permission

    ", + "

    You must write to the upper tribunal and ask for permission before you appeal. How long you have to do this depends on where you are and how you received your decision.

    ", + " | Refusal letter by post | Refusal by email or delivered personally", + "You\u2019re inside the UK | 12 working days | 10 working days", + "You\u2019re outside the UK | 38 days | 10 days", + "

    Once you have permission, you should appeal to the relevant higher court:

    ", + "
  • The Court of Appeal in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • The Court of Session in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You must do this within:

    ", + "
  • 28 days of being given permission (England and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • 42 days of being given permission (Scotland)
    • ", + "
  • 21 days of being given permission (Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay court fees and the other party\u2019s costs.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission

    ", + "

    You can ask the relevant higher court for permission.

    ", + "

    You must do this within:

    ", + "
  • 28 days of being refused permission (England and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • 42 days of being refused permission (Scotland)
    • ", + "
  • 21 days of being refused permission (Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) must follow the rules and process in the The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008.

    ", + "

    The tribunal has issued additional guidance on certain issues:

    ", + "
  • practice statements
    • ", + "
  • practice directions
    • ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on legislation, including the:

    ", + "
  • Immigration Act 1971
    • ", + "
  • Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002
    • ", + "
  • Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006
    • ", + "
  • Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007
    • ", + "
  • UK Borders Act 2007
    • ", + "
  • Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009
    • ", + "
  • Immigration Rules
    • ", + "
  • Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2006
    • ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    You can search for decisions made in other cases.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a magistrates\u2019 court decision", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-magistrates-court-decision", + "contents": [ + "

    What you can appeal

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the magistrates\u2019 court against your:

    ", + "
  • sentence, if you pleaded guilty
    • ", + "
  • conviction and sentence, if you pleaded not guilty
    • ", + "

    You should talk to your legal representative (if you have one) or get help from a legal adviser before you appeal.

    ", + "

    Ask the court to reconsider a decision

    ", + "

    If you think the decision was wrong, you can ask the court to reconsider a sentence or conviction. For example, if there was a serious mistake or the court did not follow the right steps.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the decision but there has been no mistake you will normally need to appeal to the Crown Court.

    ", + "

    If you did not know about your court case

    ", + "

    If you did not know about your case before a decision was made, you can make a statutory declaration to a magistrates\u2019 court to reopen your case.

    ", + "

    Change the amount you\u2019ve been fined

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to change the amount you\u2019ve been fined if:

    ", + "
  • your financial circumstances have changed
    • ", + "
  • the court did not know your income at the time of your conviction
    • ", + "

    Ask the court to reconsider a decision

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to reconsider your conviction, sentence or court order if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, for example if the court did not:

    ", + "
  • give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts
    • ", + "
  • apply the law properly
    • ", + "

    This is different to making an appeal to the Crown Court.

    ", + "

    If you pleaded guilty, you cannot ask the court to reconsider your conviction.

    ", + "

    How to get a decision reconsidered

    ", + "

    Submit your request as early as possible by writing to the magistrates\u2019 court where you had your hearing.

    ", + "

    You must include:

    ", + "
  • information about your conviction, sentence or court order
    • ", + "
  • why you think the decision should change
    • ", + "
  • what the conviction, sentence or order should be changed to
    • ", + "

    Send a copy of your application to the prosecutor\u2019s office (you can find the address of the prosecutor by contacting\nthe magistrates\u2019 court where you were convicted).

    ", + "

    The court will decide if a hearing is needed.

    ", + "

    If you did not know about your case

    ", + "

    If a magistrates\u2019 court convicted you without you knowing, you can make a statutory declaration before a magistrates\u2019 court or to a commissioner for oaths (for example a solicitor).

    ", + "

    If the court accepts your declaration they will start the proceedings again. Your conviction or sentence will no longer apply.

    ", + "

    When to make your declaration

    ", + "

    You must give your completed declaration to the court within 21 days of finding out about your case.

    ", + "

    If you want to give a declaration after 21 days, you\u2019ll have to ask the court if they\u2019ll accept it.

    ", + "

    Making a statutory declaration

    ", + "
  • Download a statutory declaration (called an ignorance of proceedings form) or ask for a copy at your local magistrates\u2019 court.
    • ", + "
  • Fill out the form telling the court when and how you heard about your court case. You\u2019ll need to provide details of your case, including where your hearing was held and on what date.
    • ", + "
  • Arrange an appointment to make your statutory declaration before a solicitor or any magistrates\u2019 court.
    • ", + "
  • Sign and date your form.
    • ", + "
  • Give your declaration to the court or ask your solicitor to do it.
    • ", + "

    If your case was decided by a magistrate without a hearing, you\u2019ll need to give a written plea (or a completed single justice procedure notice if you have one) to the court or your solicitor along with your statutory declaration.

    ", + "

    Get a fine reviewed

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to change a fine if:

    ", + "
  • your financial circumstances have changed
    • ", + "
  • the court did not know your income when they convicted you
    • ", + "

    Your original conviction or record of your offence will not change.

    ", + "

    How to ask for a review

    ", + "

    Write to the court or go to your court hearing with evidence of your income and living expenses.

    ", + "

    If your income has changed since you were sentenced you need to also provide your income on the date you were sentenced.

    ", + "

    You can ask your legal adviser if you\u2019re not sure what documents you need.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The court will decide if the decision should be reconsidered.

    ", + "

    You may need to attend court for another hearing. They\u2019ll let you know when the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the Crown Court

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision but there has been no mistake you can appeal to the Crown Court.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the \u2018Appeal to the Crown Court\u2019 form that relates to your crime or sentence. Send the form by post or email. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    If you were convicted at a magistrates\u2019 court but sentenced at a Crown Court, follow the rules for appealing a Crown Court decision.

    ", + "

    If you pleaded guilty, you can only appeal against your sentence.

    ", + "

    When to appeal

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 21 days of the date you were sentenced.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal after 21 days, you\u2019ll have to ask the Crown Court for permission before you can appeal. The magistrates\u2019 court where you were sentenced will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Talk to your legal representative (if you have one) or get help from a legal adviser before you appeal.

    ", + "

    The court hearing

    ", + "

    The Crown Court will make a decision on your appeal at a hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter within 80 days of making your appeal to let you know when and where the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    The hearing is usually held at your nearest Crown Court.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have the chance to present your case to the judge and magistrates. Representatives from the prosecution will present the case against you.

    ", + "

    The judge might also ask you questions during the hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told whether you\u2019ve won your appeal at the hearing. You\u2019ll also be sent a copy of the judge\u2019s decision by post.

    ", + "

    Stopping your appeal

    ", + "

    You can apply to stop your appeal before the hearing. Your appeal cannot be restarted once it\u2019s been stopped.

    ", + "

    Send a \u2018notice of abandonment of appeal\u2019 to the magistrates\u2019 court where you sent your appeal and the Crown Court where your hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    You must also send a copy to any other parties involved in the case, for example a prosecutor.

    ", + "

    If you win your appeal

    ", + "

    If you win your appeal against your conviction, your sentence will no longer apply. You might be able to apply to get compensation.

    ", + "

    If you win your appeal against your sentence, it will be reduced.

    ", + "

    The court might decide you can get some of your legal costs paid back, for example your solicitor\u2019s fee.

    ", + "

    If you lose your appeal

    ", + "

    Your original sentence or conviction might change.

    ", + "

    Check with your legal adviser if you can appeal again. You might have to pay extra costs if you do.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal against a visa or immigration decision", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-asylum-tribunal", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if the Home Office has decided to:

    ", + "
  • refuse your protection claim (also known as \u2018asylum claim\u2019 or \u2018humanitarian protection\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • revoke your protection status
    • ", + "
  • refuse your human rights claim
    • ", + "
  • refuse you a residence document or deport you under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016
    • ", + "
  • revoke your British citizenship
    • ", + "
  • refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • refuse or revoke your travel permit or family permit under the EU Settlement Scheme or restrict your rights to enter or leave the UK under those permits
    • ", + "
  • refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker
    • ", + "
  • refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re an S2 healthcare visitor
    • ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    If you do not have the right to appeal, you might be able to ask the Home Office for an administrative review.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    How you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser

    ", + "

    For most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.

    ", + "

    You must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser

    ", + "

    Find out how to appeal from:

    ", + "
  • within the UK
    • ", + "
  • outside the UK
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to appeal if you made your application before 6 April 2015.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You can get help and advice from a solicitor or an immigration adviser.

    ", + "

    You can also contact Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get asylum support (such as housing and money) if you\u2019ve been refused asylum.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal if you have any questions about your appeal. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    Urgent appeal applications

    ", + "

    You need to write to the tribunal with:

    ", + "
  • the reason why your case should be heard urgently
    • ", + "
  • evidence of compelling or compassionate grounds, for example letters from a doctor or hospital
    • ", + "

    You should write \u2018expedite requests\u2019 on the top of any documents you send with your application.

    ", + "

    A judge will review your evidence and decide whether your application should be heard sooner than usual.

    ", + "

    Your application will only be reviewed if you\u2019ve paid your tribunal fee (if you need to pay one).

    ", + "

    Where to send your application

    ", + "

    Send your reasons for the urgent appeal and evidence to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal to check if your application has been received.

    ", + "

    If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful

    ", + "

    You can apply again for the EU Settlement Scheme, Frontier Worker permit or S2 Healthcare Visitor visa for free if you have new evidence to submit.

    ", + "

    Or you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.

    ", + "

    You can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:

    ", + "
  • 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    Appeal from within the UK

    ", + "

    You can only appeal to the tribunal if you have the legal right to appeal - you\u2019ll usually be told if you do in your decision letter.

    ", + "

    Talk to a solicitor or an immigration adviser if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.

    ", + "

    Your decision letter will usually tell you if you can apply for an administrative review if you do not have the right to appeal.

    ", + "

    The administrative review process is different if you applied for the EU Settlement Scheme, a Frontier Worker permit, or an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    How you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser

    ", + "

    For most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.

    ", + "

    You must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser

    ", + "

    You have 14 days to appeal from the date the decision was sent.

    ", + "

    If you apply after the deadline, you must explain why - the tribunal will decide if it can still hear your appeal.

    ", + "

    You can appeal later if your administrative review was unsuccessful for a EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application. Your administrative review decision will tell you how to appeal.

    ", + "

    Apply online if you can - online appeals are quicker than post or fax appeals.

    ", + "What you\u2019re appealing | How you can appeal", + "A decision to refuse your human rights claim or protection claim while you\u2019re in the UK | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to revoke your protection status | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to refuse you a residence document or deport you, under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016 | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your family permit or travel permit under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re on a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision where you\u2019ve been detained in an Immigration detention centre and your decision letter was sent by the Home Office | By post or fax with form IAFT-DIA", + "A decision where you\u2019ve been detained in prison and your decision letter was sent by the Home Office. | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to remove your British citizenship | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "Certain decisions about applications submitted before 6 April 2015 | Online or by post or fax with the relevant form", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing by post or fax, download and fill in the relevant form. Send or fax it with copies of the documents that support your appeal to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Ask for an oral hearing

    ", + "

    You can ask on your appeal form for a decision to be made either:

    ", + "
  • just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • at a hearing that you and your representative can attend
    • ", + "

    The tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case and invited to attend.

    ", + "

    If the tribunal does not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your appeal form and the documents.

    ", + "

    Hearings are carried out in public. You can ask for it to be held in private or to attend by video link, but you must have a reason, for example a public hearing would put you in danger.

    ", + "

    You can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.

    ", + "

    Special requirements

    ", + "

    Contact the Customer Enquiry Unit before your hearing if you need any special help, for example you need wheelchair access.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a380 without a hearing
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3140 with a hearing
    • ", + "

    You may not have to pay if you:

    ", + "
  • get asylum support
    • ", + "
  • get legal aid
    • ", + "
  • get services from your local council and you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "

    You can also get help with court fees if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have little or no savings
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re on certain benefits
    • ", + "
  • you have a low income
    • ", + "

    Read the tribunal fees guidance for more information.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal if you\u2019re unsure if you have to pay a fee.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You can pay your fee with a credit or debit card when you make your appeal online or by including your details on your appeal form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already made your appeal you can also pay your fee online.

    ", + "

    If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful

    ", + "

    If you have new evidence to submit, you can:

    ", + "
  • apply for the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • apply for a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • apply for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply.

    ", + "

    Or you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.

    ", + "

    You can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:

    ", + "
  • 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    Appeal from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You can only appeal to the tribunal if you have the legal right to appeal - you\u2019ll usually be told if you do in your decision letter.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been refused a tier 1, 2, 4 or 5 visa you will be able to ask for the decision to be reviewed at an administrative review - your refusal letter will usually tell you if you can.

    ", + "

    The administrative review process is different if you applied for the EU Settlement Scheme, a Frontier Worker permit, or an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa.

    ", + "

    Talk to a solicitor or an immigration adviser if you\u2019re unsure whether you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    How you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser

    ", + "

    For most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.

    ", + "

    You must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser

    ", + "

    You have 28 days to appeal after you get your decision. If you have to leave the country before you\u2019re allowed to appeal, you have 28 days to appeal once you\u2019ve left the country.

    ", + "

    If you apply after the deadline, you must explain why - the tribunal will decide if it can still hear your appeal.

    ", + "

    You can appeal later if your administrative review was unsuccessful for a EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application. Your administrative review decision will tell you how to appeal.

    ", + "

    Apply online if you can - online appeals are quicker than post or fax appeals.

    ", + "What you\u2019re appealing | How you can appeal", + "A decision to refuse a human rights claim for entry clearance | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6", + "A decision to refuse a human rights claim or protection claim (where you can only apply after you\u2019ve left the country) | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-7", + "A decision to refuse you a residence document or deport you, under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016 | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your family permit or travel permit under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re on a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "Certain decisions about applications submitted before 6 April 2015 | Online or by post or fax with the relevant form", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing by post or fax, download and fill in the relevant form. Send or fax it with copies of the documents that support your appeal to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Ask for an oral hearing

    ", + "

    You can ask on your appeal form for a decision to be made either:

    ", + "
  • just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • at a hearing that your representatives can attend
    • ", + "

    The tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case.

    ", + "

    If the tribunal does not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your appeal form and documents.

    ", + "

    Hearings are carried out in public. You can ask for it to be held in private or to attend by video link, but you must have a reason, for example a public hearing would put you in danger.

    ", + "

    You can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.

    ", + "

    Special requirements

    ", + "

    Contact the Customer Enquiry Unit before your hearing if any special help is needed, for example someone attending on your behalf needs wheelchair access.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a380 without a hearing
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3140 with a hearing
    • ", + "

    You may not have to pay if you get legal aid.

    ", + "

    Read the tribunal fees guidance for more information.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal if you\u2019re not sure if you have to pay a fee.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You can pay your fee with a credit or debit card when you make your appeal online or by including your details on your appeal form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already made your appeal you can also pay your fee online.

    ", + "

    If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful

    ", + "

    If you have new evidence to submit, you can:

    ", + "
  • apply for the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • apply for a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • apply for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply.

    ", + "

    Or you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.

    ", + "

    You can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:

    ", + "
  • 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    Applications made before 6 April 2015

    ", + "

    You might be able to appeal against a decision made by the Home Office if you submitted your application before 6 April 2015 and it was refused.

    ", + "

    Tier 1, 2 or 5 migrants and family members

    ", + "

    You can make an appeal if you applied for leave to remain as a Tier 1, 2 or 5 migrant or family member before 2 March 2015 and your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.

    ", + "

    Appeal online or by post or fax with:

    ", + "
  • form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "
  • form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK
    • ", + "

    Tier 4 migrants and family members

    ", + "

    You can make an appeal if you applied for permission to remain as a Tier 4 migrant or family member before 20 October 2014 and your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.

    ", + "

    Appeal online or by post or fax with:

    ", + "
  • form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "
  • form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK
    • ", + "

    Other decisions

    ", + "

    You can appeal against certain other Home Office decisions if you applied before 6 April 2015 and your application was refused on or after the same date.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if the Home Office\u2019s decision did not include refusing an asylum or human rights claim.

    ", + "

    Leave to enter

    ", + "

    You can appeal online if your application for leave to enter was refused.

    ", + "

    You can also appeal by post or fax with:

    ", + "
  • form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "
  • form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK
    • ", + "

    Vary your leave to enter or remain

    ", + "

    You can appeal online if your application to change (\u2018vary\u2019) the length and conditions of your stay in the UK was refused. You can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can also appeal by post or fax with:

    ", + "
  • form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "
  • form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK
    • ", + "

    Entry clearance

    ", + "

    You can appeal online if your application for entry clearance was refused.

    ", + "

    You can also appeal by post or fax with form IAFT-2.

    ", + "

    Certificate of entitlement

    ", + "

    You can appeal online if your application for a certificate of entitlement to prove you have a right of abode in the UK was refused.

    ", + "

    You can also appeal by post or fax with:

    ", + "
  • form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "
  • form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK
    • ", + "

    If there's a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or email with details of how to attend your hearing. You may be asked to attend in person at a tribunal building, or asked to attend remotely by a video link or by phone.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll be attending remotely, the letter or email will tell you how to prepare for this.

    ", + "

    You can check the daily courts lists on the day of your hearing to find out if anything has changed.

    ", + "

    If you cannot attend yourself you can ask someone to represent you and ask witnesses to attend.

    ", + "

    You may have to give evidence at the hearing and answer questions.

    ", + "

    You may need to take part in a \u2018pre-hearing\u2019, where the tribunal will check that you\u2019re ready for a full hearing.

    ", + "

    The hearing will normally be attended by:

    ", + "
  • a judge, sometimes with other tribunal members
    • ", + "
  • a clerk and other tribunal staff, to help run the hearing
    • ", + "
  • your representative, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • a Home Office \u2018presenting officer\u2019, who will argue the case for the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • any witnesses called to give evidence
    • ", + "
  • an interpreter, if you\u2019ve asked for one
    • ", + "

    It can also normally be attended by:

    ", + "
  • your sponsor, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • members of the public
    • ", + "
  • the press or media
    • ", + "

    If your appeal cannot be resolved at the hearing

    ", + "

    If your appeal is not held on its scheduled day for any reason (for example there is not a judge available) it\u2019ll be rescheduled for another day.

    ", + "

    Your hearing may also be adjourned as \u2018part heard\u2019 if there is not enough time to finish it, or it cannot be resolved on the day. The tribunal will arrange another hearing with the same people present.

    ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a decision in person or by post.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will either decide to:

    ", + "
  • allow your appeal - this does not automatically mean you\u2019ll be able to enter or stay in the country and may simply mean the Home Office has to reconsider its decision
    • ", + "
  • dismiss your appeal and uphold the Home Office\u2019s original decision
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a copy of the tribunal\u2019s decision within 4 weeks of the hearing.

    ", + "

    Both you and the Home Office can appeal the decision of the tribunal.

    ", + "

    The tribunal can order either you or the Home Office to pay the other\u2019s costs if either of you has acted unreasonably.

    ", + "

    If you win your appeal

    ", + "

    The Home Office will change (\u2018revise\u2019) its decision if you win your appeal. The Home Office may reconsider your entire application if your circumstances have changed since you first made your appeal.

    ", + "

    The judge may order the Home Office to pay you a \u2018fee award\u2019 if you win your appeal, up to the amount you paid for your tribunal fee.

    ", + "

    Email the Home Office if you do not get your fee award after 60 days.

    ", + "

    Include the following information:

    ", + "
  • your Home Office reference number
    • ", + "
  • your appeal reference number
    • ", + "
  • the date of the tribunal decision letter
    • ", + "

    If you lose your appeal

    ", + "

    You can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if you lose your case and you think there\u2019s a legal mistake with the tribunal\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    For example, you think the tribunal:

    ", + "
  • got the law wrong
    • ", + "
  • do not apply the correct law
    • ", + "
  • do not follow the correct procedures, which affected the decision
    • ", + "
  • had no evidence to support its decision
    • ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the tribunal must follow and the guidance it\u2019s issued.

    ", + "

    All parties must follow the rules and process in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) Rules 2014.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on legislation, including the:

    ", + "
  • Immigration Act 1971
    • ", + "
  • Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002
    • ", + "
  • Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006
    • ", + "
  • Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007
    • ", + "
  • UK Borders Act 2007
    • ", + "
  • Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009
    • ", + "
  • Immigration Rules
    • ", + "
  • Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016
    • ", + "

    The tribunal fees are set out in the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) Fees Order 2011.

    ", + "

    The president of the tribunal has issued guidance which provides more detail on certain issues.

    ", + "

    There are also older guidance notes for the Asylum and Immigration Tribunal which still apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber).

    ", + "

    Check the decisions database to see how previous decisions on appeals have been made by the Immigration and Asylum Chamber.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-employment-appeal-tribunal", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) if you think a legal mistake was made in an employment tribunal case.

    ", + "

    For example, you could appeal if it:

    ", + "
  • got the law wrong
    • ", + "
  • did not apply the correct law
    • ", + "
  • did not follow the correct procedures and this affected the decision
    • ", + "
  • had no evidence to support its decision
    • ", + "
  • was unfairly biased towards the other party
    • ", + "

    Get legal advice if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    ", + "

    EAT is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Before you appeal

    ", + "

    Ask the employment tribunal to send you the reasons for the decision, if you do not already have them. You can continue your appeal while you wait for them.

    ", + "

    Help with your appeal

    ", + "

    Read the rules that EAT follows when making decisions.

    ", + "

    You can also get free legal advice from Citizens Advice and Citizens Advice Scotland.

    ", + "

    Contact EAT

    ", + "

    Contact the enquiry line for more information.

    ", + "

    EAT public enquiry line\nTelephone: 020 7273 1041 (England and Wales) \nTelephone: 0131 225 3963 (Scotland)\nFind out about call charges

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "
  • Read the full practice direction and appeal guidance.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the notice of appeal form.
    • ", + "
  • Send the form, with the supporting documents listed on it, to the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) office.
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay a fee to make an appeal.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 42 days of the date that either:

    ", + "
  • the decision was sent to you
    • ", + "
  • the reasons were sent to you (but only if the Employment Tribunal did not provide reasons at the hearing or you asked for the reasons within 14 days of the decision being sent to you)
    • ", + "

    Your appeal must arrive by 4pm on the final day.

    ", + "

    You can ask for an appeal to be considered even if it\u2019s late, but extensions are rarely given, and you must have a good reason.

    ", + "

    Where to send your appeal

    ", + "

    You can send it by email. You must send any documents as attachments, and the email must be 10MB or less.

    ", + "

    You can also send your appeal by fax or post.

    ", + "

    For cases in England and Wales

    ", + "

    For cases in Scotland

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    EAT will decide if your case can go ahead. If it can, you may be asked to attend a hearing to present your case.

    ", + "

    If your appeal cannot go ahead, you\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining why and whether you can appeal further.

    ", + "

    The tribunal hearing

    ", + "

    You may have to attend a hearing where you (or your representative) will present your case.

    ", + "

    The Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) will decide if your appeal has been successful.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told the outcome of the case either at the end of the hearing or afterwards by letter.

    ", + "

    Preparing for the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be asked when you\u2019re available to attend a hearing. In certain cases you may be told when a hearing will take place, but you\u2019ll be told at least 14 days beforehand. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to send to EAT and to other parties.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get free advice immediately before the hearing if you do not have a representative - ask EAT for details.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim any expenses for going to a hearing.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll present your case - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The other party will present the case against you. You may be asked questions about your case.

    ", + "

    If you lose your case

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal problem with the Employment Appeal Tribunal\u2019s (EAT\u2019s) decision.

    ", + "

    Get legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.

    ", + "

    Ask permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You must ask for permission before you appeal. You can either ask EAT or the higher court directly.

    ", + "

    Asking EAT

    ", + "

    You must ask within 7 days of receiving the decision (or within 42 days if the employment tribunal whose decision you are appealing was held in Scotland).

    ", + "

    You can ask for permission on the day of your hearing (if you receive your decision on the day).

    ", + "

    You must provide your grounds for appeal and the legal problem with the decision.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission, you can ask the higher court directly.

    ", + "

    Asking the higher court

    ", + "

    You can ask the Court of Appeal for permission. You must do this within 21 days of the date you were told you lost your case or were refused permission by EAT.

    ", + "

    If the employment tribunal that made the initial decision was based in Scotland, ask the Court of Session for permission.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the higher court

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Court of Appeal once you\u2019ve been given permission.

    ", + "

    If the employment tribunal that made the initial decision was based in Scotland, you should appeal to the Court of Session.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    EAT must follow the rules and process in the:

    ", + "
  • Employment Appeal Tribunal Rules 1993 (as amended)
    • ", + "
  • Employment Tribunals Act 1996
    • ", + "

    EAT has also issued a practice direction that provides more detailed guidance.

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    You can search for decisions made in other EAT cases.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/administrative-appeals-tribunal", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you think there was a legal mistake with a decision made against you by certain lower tribunals and organisations.

    ", + "

    You might be able to appeal if your case was about:

    ", + "
  • social security or child support
    • ", + "
  • war pensions and armed forces compensation
    • ", + "
  • mental health
    • ", + "
  • special education needs or disabilities
    • ", + "
  • a dispute that was heard by the General Regulatory Chamber
    • ", + "
  • a decision made by the Disclosure and Barring Service
    • ", + "
  • a decision made by the Traffic Commissioner (or the Transport Regulation Unit in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    There are also other cases that the tribunal deals with.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if your case is about criminal injuries compensation.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to Northern Ireland commissioners if your case was heard in Northern Ireland and was about social security or war pensions.

    ", + "

    Get help with your appeal

    ", + "

    You can read more detail about the appeal process.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get free legal advice from Citizens Advice or help from Welfare Rights if you\u2019re in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal

    ", + "

    England and Wales

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    You may have to ask for permission to appeal - it depends on your case.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing a decision made by another tribunal

    ", + "

    You must get permission to appeal.

    ", + "

    First ask the tribunal who made the decision for permission to appeal. You usually have to do this within 28 days of the decision - speak to that tribunal to find out the deadline.

    ", + "

    Once you have permission, download and fill in the relevant appeal form. Send it to the address on the form within 1 month of getting permission.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission

    ", + "

    You can ask the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) for permission directly using the relevant permission form. Send it to the address on the form within 1 month of being refused.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing a decision made by an organisation

    ", + "

    You will not need to ask for permission to appeal (unless you\u2019re appealing a decision made by Disclosure and Barring Service).

    ", + "

    Appeal using the relevant appeal form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Appealing a Disclosure and Barring Service decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to ask the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) for permission before you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Use the relevant permission form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    How your case will be decided

    ", + "

    A judge will make a decision using:

    ", + "
  • your appeal form
    • ", + "
  • the documents you\u2019ve provided
    • ", + "
  • the documents used by the lower tribunal or organisation that decided your case
    • ", + "

    The decision will be sent to you by post.

    ", + "

    Attending a hearing

    ", + "

    In certain cases you may be asked to attend a hearing to present your case. You can also ask for a hearing when you apply - the judge will decide if it\u2019s necessary.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told the time and date of the hearing and where it\u2019s being held. You\u2019ll usually be told at least 14 days beforehand if there\u2019s going to be a hearing. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances or if all parties agree to a shorter notice period.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare and what documents you\u2019ll need to provide.

    ", + "

    Getting a time extension

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a time extension if you need more time to prepare - ask the judge.

    ", + "

    You must have a good reason, for example you\u2019re having problems finding a document or you\u2019re ill.

    ", + "

    If you lose your case

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal mistake made by the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Get legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.

    ", + "

    Ask for permission

    ", + "

    You must write to the tribunal and ask for permission before you appeal.

    ", + "

    You must do this within one month of getting the decision (or 3 months for social security, child support, or war pensions and armed forces cases).

    ", + "

    England and Wales

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Once you have permission, you should appeal to the relevant higher court:

    ", + "
  • The Court of Appeal in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • The Court of Session in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You must do this within:

    ", + "
  • 28 days of being given permission (England and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • 42 days of being given permission (Scotland)
    • ", + "
  • 6 weeks of being given permission (Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay court fees and the other party\u2019s costs.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission

    ", + "

    You can ask the relevant higher court for permission.

    ", + "

    You must do this within 28 days of being refused permission in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    The time limits are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland - contact the relevant tribunal office for details.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    Search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process set out in The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Tax and Chancery)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-upper-tribunal", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Tax and Chancery Chamber) if you think there was a legal mistake with a decision made against you by certain lower tribunals and organisations.

    ", + "

    You might be able to appeal if your case was heard by the:

    ", + "
  • First-tier Tribunal (Tax) - for cases about tax
    • ", + "
  • General Regulatory Chamber - for cases about charities
    • ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Financial services cases

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re challenging a decision made by:

    ", + "
  • Financial Conduct Authority
    • ", + "
  • Prudential Regulation Authority
    • ", + "
  • Pensions Regulator
    • ", + "
  • Bank of England
    • ", + "
  • HM Treasury
    • ", + "
  • Ofgem
    • ", + "

    Decisions by the Secretary of State or Trade Remedies Authority

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to challenge a decision made by the Secretary of State for International Trade or the Trade Remedies Authority.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You may want to get help and advice before you appeal.

    ", + "

    You can represent yourself or find a legal adviser (including a lawyer), tax adviser or accountant to help with your appeal.

    ", + "

    You can get free advice from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • TaxAid
    • ", + "
  • TaxHelp for Older People, if you\u2019re over 60
    • ", + "

    Call or email the tribunal if you have any questions about the process. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    You must get permission if you want to appeal the decision of another tribunal.

    ", + "

    Ask the tribunal that made the decision for permission within:

    ", + "
  • 56 days of the date on the decision letter (for tax cases)
    • ", + "
  • 28 days of the date on the decision letter (for charities)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re given permission, download and fill in the relevant appeal form. Send it to the address on the form within one month of the date on the permission letter

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on appealing.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission

    ", + "

    You can ask the Upper Tribunal to give you permission if you were refused it, or only given permission on some grounds. Download and fill in the permission form. Send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You must include a copy of:

    ", + "
  • the first-tier tribunal\u2019s full decision
    • ", + "
  • the written decision refusing permission (or only giving you permission on some grounds)
    • ", + "
  • the accompanying letter saying you\u2019ve been refused permission (or only given permission on some grounds)
    • ", + "

    You must do this within one month of the letter of refusal being sent.

    ", + "

    A tribunal judge will read your appeal form and decide if you should be given permission to appeal or permission on additional grounds. You can ask for the decision to be reconsidered at a hearing if you\u2019re refused permission.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the tribunal after the judge has made a decision telling you what to do next.

    ", + "

    The tribunal hearing

    ", + "

    You usually have to attend a hearing where you (or your representative) and the other parties will present your cases to a judge at the tribunal.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will decide which party wins the case.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally be told the outcome of the case within 3 months of the hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll most likely have to pay the other party\u2019s costs if you lose, but the other party will be asked to pay your costs if you win.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing a decision about a charity case made by the General Regulatory Chamber, the tribunal can only order you to pay the other party\u2019s costs if they think you acted unreasonably.

    ", + "

    Preparing for the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare for the hearing and what documents you\u2019ll need to provide.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be told when and where the hearing will be held. Hearings normally take place in London, Edinburgh or Belfast.

    ", + "

    You can check the register of cases to find out if anything has changed.

    ", + "

    Decisions without hearings

    ", + "

    You can ask for a decision to be made without a hearing, but the other party must also agree.

    ", + "

    Getting a time extension

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a time extension if you need more time to prepare - write to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    You must have a good reason, for example you\u2019re having problems finding a document or you\u2019re ill.

    ", + "

    If you lose your case

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal mistake made by the tribunal.

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice if you\u2019re unsure about this, including from a lawyer. You can also speak to an accountant or tax adviser.

    ", + "

    Ask for permission

    ", + "

    You must write to the tribunal and ask for permission before you appeal.

    ", + "

    You must do this within one month of the date on the decision letter.

    ", + "

    Once you have permission, you should appeal to the relevant higher court:

    ", + "
  • The Court of Appeal in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • The Court of Session in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You must do this within 28 days of the date on the permission letter.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay court fees and the other party\u2019s costs.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission

    ", + "

    You can ask the relevant higher court for permission.

    ", + "

    You must do this within 28 days of the date on the refusal letter.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    Search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008.

    ", + "

    Read the tribunal\u2019s practice directions for more guidance on how the tribunal makes decisions.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Apply or appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-upper-tribunal-lands", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) if you think there was a legal problem with a decision made by the:

    ", + "
  • First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber)
    • ", + "
  • Residential Property Tribunal in Wales
    • ", + "
  • Leasehold Valuation Tribunal in Wales
    • ", + "
  • Valuation Tribunal in England or Wales
    • ", + "

    You might need to get permission before you appeal.

    ", + "

    You can also apply to the tribunal if your case is about:

    ", + "
  • compensation for the compulsory purchase of land
    • ", + "
  • discharge or modification of land affected by a \u2018restrictive covenant\u2019
    • ", + "
  • compensation for the effect on land affected by public works
    • ", + "
  • a tree preservation order
    • ", + "
  • compensation for damage to land damaged by subsidence from mining
    • ", + "
  • the valuation of land or buildings for Capital Gains Tax or Inheritance Tax purposes
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018right to light\u2019 dispute
    • ", + "
  • compensation for blighted land
    • ", + "

    The tribunal is independent and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    A mediation service could be quicker and cheaper than going to the tribunal. Mediation is when an independent and impartial person discusses a problem with both parties to try to find a solution.

    ", + "

    You can contact Citizens Advice or the Leasehold Advisory Service for free legal advice. You can also find a lawyer.

    ", + "

    Call or email the tribunal if you have any questions about the process. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    Get permission

    ", + "

    You need to get permission before you appeal to the tribunal if you\u2019re appealing a decision made by the:

    ", + "
  • First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber)
    • ", + "
  • Residential Property Tribunal in Wales
    • ", + "
  • Leasehold Valuation Tribunal in Wales
    • ", + "

    You can appeal to the tribunal without permission if your case is about a decision about rates made by the Valuation Tribunal in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    You do not need to get permission to apply to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    How to get permission

    ", + "

    Ask the tribunal that originally made the decision for permission to appeal. Follow the steps on your decision letter.

    ", + "

    The original tribunal must get your request for permission within 28 days of your decision letter. Speak to the original tribunal for details.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission

    ", + "

    You can ask the Lands Chamber for permission directly if you\u2019re refused it from the original tribunal. Follow the steps on your decision letter.

    ", + "

    You must do this within 14 days of being refused permission.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3220 except for land registration cases where there\u2019s no fee. You may be able to get help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    ", + "

    You can apply for judicial review if you do not get permission from the Lands Chamber. Speak to a solicitor to get help with the application.

    ", + "

    How to apply or appeal

    ", + "

    Check whether you need permission. You can appeal or apply without permission in some cases.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form

    ", + "

    The form you fill in depends on what your case is about. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    You must pay a fee - you can apply for help if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    ", + "What your case is about | Form | Fee | Deadline | Guidance", + "First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber) decision | Form T601 or Form T602 | \u00a3275 - no fee for land registration cases | 1 month of getting permission | Leaflet T605 and T614", + "Leasehold Valuation Tribunal and Residential Property Tribunal decisions | Form T601 or Form T602 | \u00a3275 | 1 month of getting permission | Leaflet T609", + "Valuation Tribunal in England or Wales decision | Form T385 | \u00a3275 | 28 days of the decision | Leaflet T606 and Form T615", + "Compulsory acquisition of land (and other land compensation) | Form T371 or Form T370 | \u00a3275 | Get legal advice - it depends on your case | Leaflet T604 and T616", + "Restrictive covenant | Form T379 | \u00a3880 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T608 and T617", + "Public works | Form T371 | \u00a3275 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616", + "Compulsory acquisition where owner is absent (greater London) | Form T370 or Form T362 | \u00a31,270 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616", + "Compulsory acquisition where owner is absent (not in greater London) | Form T370 or Form T362 | \u00a31,150 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616", + "\u2018Right to light\u2019 dispute | Form T383 or Form T384 | \u00a31,320 or \u00a31,650 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T607", + "Tree preservation order | Form T371 or Form T370 | \u00a3275 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616", + "Compensation for blighted land | Form T374 or Form T375 | \u00a3275 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616", + "Any other case | See the list of forms | | | ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    You must include:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing against (if you\u2019re appealing a decision)
    • ", + "
  • what your case is about, for example leasehold enfranchisement, rent increases, variation of a lease
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019d like to go to the hearing - and whether you need special arrangements, for example because of mobility issues
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019d like to call any expert witnesses
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018statement of case\u2019 - where you set out why you\u2019re appealing or applying to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • any other documents mentioned on the form
    • ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The tribunal will decide if it can consider your case.

    ", + "

    In most cases you will be asked to attend a hearing to present your case. You can also ask for a decision to be made without a hearing. The judge will decide if it\u2019s necessary.

    ", + "

    Get a time extension

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a time extension for any step of the process. You must tell the tribunal why you need more time. You must also tell the other party in writing that you\u2019re going to ask for an extension.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3110 - make a cheque payable to \u2018HMCTS\u2019 and send it to the tribunal with a letter explaining your request. You must also send a copy of this letter to the other party.

    ", + "

    If you get a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be asked when you\u2019re available to attend a hearing. In certain cases you may be told when a hearing will take place, but you\u2019ll be told at least 14 days beforehand. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances. You can call a witness to support your case.

    ", + "

    You can check the daily courts lists before your hearing to find out if anything has changed.

    ", + "

    Hearings cost between \u00a3275 and \u00a316,500 (depending on the size of the claim) and are usually held in public. There\u2019s no hearing fee for land registration cases.

    ", + "

    You may be asked questions by:

    ", + "
  • the judge
    • ", + "
  • the other party, or their representative (if they have one)
    • ", + "

    You can not claim any expenses for going to a tribunal hearing. The tribunal may order the other party to pay your costs if you win your case.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision in writing after the hearing, usually within 3 months.

    ", + "

    If you lose your case

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal problem with the judge\u2019s decision at the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber). Get legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    You must ask the upper tribunal judge for permission before you appeal - you must do this in writing within 1 month of the decision.

    ", + "

    If the judge refuses you permission, you can ask the Court of Appeal in England and Wales for permission.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    Search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process set out in the:

    ", + "
  • Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) (Lands Chamber) Rules 2010
    • ", + "
  • Tribunal Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2012
    • ", + "
  • Tribunal Procedure (Amendment No. 3) Rules 2013
    • ", + "
  • Practice Directions \u2013 The Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber)
    • ", + "
  • Practice Statement \u2013 Delegation of functions to staff in the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber)
    • ", + "
  • Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) Fees Order 2009
    • ", + "
  • Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) Fees (Amendment) Order 2010
    • ", + "
  • Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) Fees (Amendment) Order 2013
    • ", + "

    Read the Practice Directions and Practice Statements for more guidance.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Apply to the land registration tribunal", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-land-registration-tribunal", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need to apply to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber (First-tier Tribunal) if you want to correct or cancel certain documents relating to registered land.

    ", + "

    You may also be referred to the tribunal by HM Land Registry if you\u2019re in a dispute over a change to the land register (known as a \u2018reference case\u2019).

    ", + "

    If you want to change the title register or title plan, contact HM Land Registry directly.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You may want to get help and advice before you appeal, for example from a lawyer.

    ", + "

    Apply to the tribunal

    ", + "

    Apply to the tribunal if you want to correct or cancel (sometimes known as \u2018set aside\u2019) certain documents relating to registered land. You can also object to someone else\u2019s application. These are known as \u2018rectification cases\u2019.

    ", + "

    Apply to make a change to a document

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You must also include a statement saying that you believe that the facts stated in the application are true.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will then send, or tell you to send, a copy of the application to all other interested parties.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told whether there\u2019ll be a hearing to decide your case.

    ", + "

    Object to a change of a document

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the objection form and send it to the address given in the form.

    ", + "

    You must send the form within 28 days of getting your copy of an application to change the register.

    ", + "

    Your response must include your reasons for objecting to the application, giving all relevant facts and evidence

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include a list of and copies of all documents that:

    ", + "
  • are important to your case
    • ", + "
  • the tribunal and all interested parties will need to understand the case
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told by the tribunal if there\u2019ll be a hearing to decide your case.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    You can get help with the appeal process and forms by contacting the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    Being referred to the tribunal

    ", + "

    Your case may be referred to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber if somebody disputes your application to HM Land Registry. This is known as a \u2018reference case\u2019.

    ", + "

    Both parties will be sent a letter by the tribunal after your case has been referred by HM Land Registry.

    ", + "

    The letter will explain whether you\u2019re the \u2018applicant\u2019 or the \u2018respondent\u2019. Generally, you\u2019ll be named as the applicant if the tribunal thinks you\u2019re the party that needs to prove its case.

    ", + "

    Making a \u2018statement of case\u2019

    ", + "

    Applicants

    ", + "

    You have 28 days after getting the letter to send your \u2018statement of case\u2019 to the tribunal and the respondent. The letter will tell you where to send your statement.

    ", + "

    Your statement must include:

    ", + "
  • your name and address (and an address where documents can be sent to you)
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of your legal representative (if you have one)
    • ", + "
  • your reasons for supporting or objecting to the original application to HM Land Registry, giving all relevant facts and evidence
    • ", + "

    You need to include copies of documents that:

    ", + "
  • are important to your case
    • ", + "
  • are needed to understand the case
    • ", + "

    You also need to include a list of the documents.

    ", + "

    After the other parties have responded to the tribunal, you\u2019ll be told if there\u2019s going to be a hearing.

    ", + "

    Respondents

    ", + "

    You have 28 days after getting the applicants \u2018statement of case\u2019 to send your own case to the tribunal and the applicant.

    ", + "

    Your statement must include your reasons for supporting or objecting to the original application to HM Land Registry, giving all relevant facts and evidence.

    ", + "

    You need to include copies of all documents that:

    ", + "
  • are important to your case
    • ", + "
  • are needed to understand the case
    • ", + "

    You also need to include a list of these documents.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will then contact you to tell you if there\u2019s going to be a hearing.

    ", + "

    Starting court proceedings

    ", + "

    You or the other party can be ordered by the tribunal to start court proceedings at any time. This will happen if the tribunal cannot handle your case.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the tribunal and ask them to make the other party start court proceedings, or voluntarily start proceedings yourself.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    You can get help with the appeal process and forms by contacting the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You may have to attend a hearing where you (or your legal representative) and the other parties will present your cases to a judge.

    ", + "

    The judge will decide:

    ", + "
  • which party wins the case
    • ", + "
  • if any costs are payable by one party to another
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be told the outcome of the case within 42 days of the hearing.

    ", + "

    Preparing for the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told the time and date of the hearing and where its being held. You\u2019ll usually be told at least 14 days beforehand if there\u2019s going to be a hearing. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances or if all parties agree to a shorter notice period.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare and exchange evidence after all the parties have given their statements of case.

    ", + "

    Decisions without hearings

    ", + "

    The tribunal may make a decision without a hearing if all the people involved agree or if no one objects once given notice.

    ", + "

    The people involved can also ask the tribunal to make a decision without a hearing.

    ", + "

    Getting a time extension

    ", + "

    You can ask for a time extension at any point in the proceedings.

    ", + "

    You should ask all other parties involved to agree to an extension before applying to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you lose your case

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Upper tribunal (Land Chamber) if you\u2019re not happy with the verdict. You must ask the First-tier Tribunal for permission first.

    ", + "

    You can also ask the First-tier Tribunal to set aside their decision if you think there was a problem with the tribunal\u2019s procedure, for example you did not receive a notice of a hearing.

    ", + "

    Read guidance on how to challenge a decision for details.

    ", + "

    You can complain about the tribunal staff or the service you received. You cannot complain about the decision.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    You can read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases if you\u2019re representing yourself or someone else.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the Land Registration Act 2002.

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process in:

    ", + "
  • Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Property Chamber) Rules 2013
    • ", + "
  • Practice Directions issued by the Senior President of Tribunals (30 July 2013) (PDF, 49KB)
    • ", + "
  • Practice Statement issued by the Senior President of Tribunals (8 August 2017) (PDF, 0.1MB)
    • ", + "

    You can also search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Being charged with a crime", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charged-crime", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you are charged with a crime you will be given a \u2018charge sheet\u2019. This sets out the details of the crime you are being charged with.

    ", + "

    The police will decide if you:

    ", + "
  • can go home until the court hearing - but may have to follow certain rules, known as \u2018bail\u2019
    • ", + "
  • are kept in police custody until you are taken to court for your hearing
    • ", + "

    Your first court hearing after you are charged with a crime will be at a magistrates\u2019 court - even if your trial will be at a Crown Court later on.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re charged with a minor offence your case could be decided without going to court (\u2018single justice procedure\u2019). If you get a single justice procedure notice you must respond within 21 days.

    ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Young people

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18, your first hearing will usually be at a youth court.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 17, the police must arrange for you to be held in local authority accommodation, if possible, before you go to court.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re aged 12 to 16, the police can decide to keep you at the police station if they think it will protect the public.

    ", + "

    Bail

    ", + "

    You can be released on bail at the police station after you\u2019ve been charged. This means you will be able to go home until your court hearing.

    ", + "

    If you are given bail, you might have to agree to conditions like:

    ", + "
  • living at a particular address
    • ", + "
  • not contacting certain people
    • ", + "
  • giving your passport to the police so you cannot leave the UK
    • ", + "
  • reporting to a police station at agreed times, for example once a week
    • ", + "

    If you do not stick to these conditions you can be arrested again and be taken to prison to wait for your court hearing.

    ", + "

    When you attend your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court you might be given bail again until your trial begins.

    ", + "

    Reasons you may not be given bail

    ", + "

    You\u2019re unlikely to be given bail if:

    ", + "
  • you are charged with a serious offence, for example armed robbery
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been convicted of a serious crime in the past
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given bail in the past and not stuck to the terms
    • ", + "
  • the police think you may not turn up for your hearing
    • ", + "
  • the police think you might commit a crime while you\u2019re on bail
    • ", + "

    Remand

    ", + "

    If the court decides to put you on remand it means you will go to prison until your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court.

    ", + "

    If you are under 18 you will be taken to a secure centre for young people, not an adult prison.

    ", + "

    You will probably be put on remand if:

    ", + "
  • you have been charged with a serious crime, for example armed robbery
    • ", + "
  • you have been convicted of a serious crime in the past
    • ", + "
  • the police think you may not go to your court hearing
    • ", + "
  • the police think you may commit another crime while on bail
    • ", + "
  • you have been given bail before and not stuck to the terms
    • ", + "

    When you attend your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court, you might be put on remand again until your trial begins, even if you were previously given bail.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Being taken to an employment tribunal", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-taken-to-employment-tribunal-by-employee", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can be taken to an employment tribunal by an employee or someone else (for example a job applicant or trade union) over various issues, including:

    ", + "
  • pay
    • ", + "
  • dismissal
    • ", + "
  • discrimination
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to you (the \u2018respondent\u2019) and the other party (the \u2018claimant\u2019) before making a decision.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay compensation or reinstate the claimant if you lose the case.

    ", + "

    Solve the dispute without a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) if someone wants to make a claim against you. They\u2019ll offer to work with you and the claimant to try to solve the problem without it going to a tribunal - this is called \u2018conciliation\u2019.

    ", + "

    Call Acas for help and advice.

    ", + "

    Respond to a claim

    ", + "

    The tribunal will send you a letter (known as a \u2018response pack\u2019) if a claim has been made against you and conciliation has not worked. You can respond either:

    ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "
  • by filling out and returning the response pack you\u2019re sent
    • ", + "
  • by downloading and filling in the response form and sending it to the tribunal office dealing with the case
    • ", + "

    Read the response guidance before you fill in the form.

    ", + "

    You must respond to the claim within 28 days.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get more time to respond - ask the tribunal. If you\u2019re late or do not respond, the tribunal may make a decision against you without a hearing.

    ", + "

    Offer the claimant compensation

    ", + "

    You can try to settle the case at any time by offering to pay compensation to the claimant (known as a \u2018settlement agreement\u2019).

    ", + "

    Get help or legal advice

    ", + "

    You may want to get legal advice if a claim is made against you.

    ", + "

    Call the employment tribunal enquiry line for general guidance on how the process works. They cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Your case will be dealt with by the Office of Industrial Tribunals and the Fair Employment Tribunal.

    ", + "

    Before the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given at least 14 days\u2019 notice before the hearing - you\u2019ll get a letter confirming this. You must prepare documents and arrange for witnesses to attend in advance.

    ", + "

    \u2018Preliminary hearing\u2019

    ", + "

    You may be asked to go to an initial hearing (called a preliminary hearing) with the judge to decide on things like:

    ", + "
  • the date and time of a hearing
    • ", + "
  • how long the hearing should take
    • ", + "

    The tribunal will let you know if you\u2019ll have to give evidence or provide any extra information.

    ", + "

    Arrange documents

    ", + "

    You can ask the claimant for documents that will help you with the case, and they can request documents from you.

    ", + "

    Examples of documents include:

    ", + "
  • a contract of employment
    • ", + "
  • pay slips
    • ", + "
  • details of a pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • notes from relevant meetings
    • ", + "

    Usually the tribunal will issue an order setting out a timetable for when you should exchange documents.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how many copies of each document to bring to the hearing.

    ", + "

    Organise witnesses

    ", + "

    You can bring witnesses to the hearing if they can give evidence directly relevant to the case.

    ", + "

    If you ask a witness to attend and they do not want to, you can ask the tribunal to order them to come. You must apply in writing to the tribunal office dealing with the case, giving:

    ", + "
  • the name and address of the witness
    • ", + "
  • details of what the witness may be able to say and how it will help the case
    • ", + "
  • the reason the witness has refused to attend (if they gave you one)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll most likely be responsible for paying the witness\u2019s expenses.

    ", + "

    At the hearing

    ", + "

    Cases are normally held at the employment tribunal office closest to where you worked.

    ", + "

    You must take the documents you\u2019re using to support the case.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for expenses for going to the hearing.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll present the case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, such as a lawyer, friend or family member. The claimant will present their case against you.

    ", + "

    You may be asked questions by:

    ", + "
  • the judge
    • ", + "
  • the claimant
    • ", + "
  • 2 other tribunal members (only in certain tribunals)
    • ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent the decision in the post a few days or weeks after the hearing. The decision will be published on GOV.UK. In certain cases you may also be given the decision at the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you win the case

    ", + "

    In most cases, you will not be awarded any compensation if you win. However, if the claimant acted unreasonably or if their case had no hope of success, you can ask to be awarded costs by the tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you lose the case

    ", + "

    If you lose, the tribunal can order you to do certain things depending on the type of case. Examples include:

    ", + "
  • giving the claimant their job back
    • ", + "
  • paying compensation if you cannot give the claimant their job back
    • ", + "
  • paying witness expenses
    • ", + "
  • paying damages or loss of earnings
    • ", + "

    Pay compensation

    ", + "

    Paying compensation is the most common outcome of a tribunal. There can be limits to the amount of money a tribunal can award. There\u2019s no limit in cases of discrimination.

    ", + "

    The tribunal usually works out the amount based on the financial loss the person has suffered as a result of your actions.

    ", + "

    Interest is calculated from the day the judgment is received, but you will not have to pay interest if you pay the full compensation award within 14 days.

    ", + "

    You can be taken to court and forced to pay. You can also be fined and named online by the government if you do not pay.

    ", + "

    Pay back state benefits

    ", + "

    You might have to pay back any Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance, Income Support or Employment Support Allowance (ESA) that the claimant claimed while taking their case to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    This is to prevent them from getting paid twice.

    ", + "

    The tribunal and the Compensation Recovery Unit will tell you what you need to do and how much to pay.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a tribunal decision

    ", + "

    You can ask the tribunal to reconsider the decision if you lose the case.

    ", + "

    You must write to the tribunal office within 14 days of getting the decision, saying why you want it to be reconsidered.

    ", + "

    You need to give good reasons, such as:

    ", + "
  • the tribunal made a mistake in the way it reached its decision
    • ", + "
  • you were not told about the hearing
    • ", + "
  • new evidence has turned up since the hearing
    • ", + "

    Send your letter to the tribunal office that dealt with the case.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal

    ", + "

    You can also appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal if you think the employment tribunal made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The Employment Tribunal follows certain rules and processes that you also have to follow.

    ", + "

    You can also read other relevant tribunal rules and regulations.

    ", + "

    The tribunal has issued guidance and practice directions which provides more information about specific areas, such as postponing hearings and serving documents.

    ", + "

    You can also read guidance about specific cases.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Challenge your solicitor's bill", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-solicitors-bill", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can challenge your solicitor\u2019s bill if you think you\u2019ve been charged too much.

    ", + "

    Ask the Senior Courts Costs Office to make a \u2018detailed assessment\u2019 of your bill. They can reduce your bill if they agree it\u2019s too expensive.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you want to complain about your solicitor\u2019s behaviour.

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    Try to solve the problem with your solicitor before contacting the court.

    ", + "

    You can complain to your solicitor directly by following their complaints procedure.

    ", + "

    You can also get free legal help and advice from:

    ", + "
  • your local Citizens Advice Bureau
    • ", + "
  • your local Law Centre
    • ", + "
  • the Royal Courts of Justice Advice Bureau
    • ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply to the court before asking for a detailed assessment. You must do this within one month of getting your solicitor\u2019s bill.

    ", + "

    If you do not, you can still apply within a year of getting the bill, but the court might ask you to pay part or all of what you owe upfront. You\u2019ll get back what you\u2019ve overpaid if the judge agrees you\u2019ve been charged too much.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to apply if you\u2019ve already paid your solicitor\u2019s bill or it\u2019s been over a year since you got it. You can only do this in special circumstances - you must explain what these are when you apply.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in 3 copies of Part 8 claim form (N208). You must pay \u00a345.

    ", + "

    Send a cheque made payable to \u2018HMCTS\u2019 with all 3 copies of your completed form and a copy of your solicitor\u2019s bill to:

    ", + "

    You can apply to your local District Registry (a court that deals with certain High Court cases) instead if you live outside of London.

    ", + "

    Apply to your nearest county court if the original case was dealt with by a county court and your solicitor\u2019s bill is for \u00a35,000 or less.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The court will keep one copy of your claim form. The other copies will be sent to you and your solicitor and stamped with an issue date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then get an \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 from your solicitor confirming they\u2019ve seen your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to attend a hearing if your solicitor does not think you should have a detailed assessment. You\u2019ll get a \u2018notice of hearing\u2019 from the court saying when and where the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from your solicitor if they agree to a detailed assessment. Send a copy of this letter to the court.

    ", + "

    If your solicitor does not challenge your application, you can ask them to give their consent. If they agree then the court might decide neither of you will need to go to the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you have a hearing

    ", + "

    Both you and the other side will present your case to a Costs Judge (or a District Judge if the hearing is held outside London).

    ", + "

    You must bring with you copies of any documents you\u2019ve sent to the court as part of your application.

    ", + "

    The court will decide whether to order a detailed assessment. You\u2019ll get the decision then or by post within a few days of the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the decision

    ", + "

    You can make an appeal if you disagree with the court\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    You must get permission before you appeal - you can ask the Costs Judge at the hearing.

    ", + "

    You can ask the appeal court for permission if you\u2019re refused or do not ask for it at the hearing. Read leaflet EX340 for more information.

    ", + "

    Get a detailed assessment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a court order after the hearing that says whether you can have a detailed assessment.

    ", + "

    The detailed assessment will take place at another hearing.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in request form (N258C). You must also pay a court fee. How much you pay will depend on the size of your solicitor\u2019s bill.

    ", + "Amount on your solicitor\u2019s bill | Fee", + "\u00a315,000 or less | \u00a3335", + "\u00a315,000.01 to \u00a350,000 | \u00a3675", + "\u00a350,000.01 to \u00a3100,000 | \u00a31,005", + "\u00a3100,000.01 to \u00a3150,000 | \u00a31,345", + "\u00a3150,000.01 to \u00a3200,000 | \u00a31,680", + "\u00a3200,000.01 to \u00a3300,000 | \u00a32,520", + "\u00a3300,000.01 to \u00a3500,000 | \u00a34,200", + "\u00a3500,000.01 or more | \u00a35,600", + "

    Other fees

    ", + "

    You must pay your own costs and the other party\u2019s reasonable costs of the detailed assessment, unless:

    ", + "
  • the judge reduces your solicitor\u2019s bill by 20% or more
    • ", + "
  • there are special circumstances, for example you originally offered to settle the bill for an amount more than the final amount fixed by the court
    • ", + "

    How much you pay will depend on how much time your solicitor has spent in court - this is usually worked out from their hourly rate.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Community sentences", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/community-sentences", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may get a community sentence if you\u2019re convicted of a crime by a court but are not sent to prison.

    ", + "

    You may have to do unpaid work in your local community, like removing graffiti. This is called Community Payback.

    ", + "

    Community sentences can be given for crimes such as:

    ", + "
  • damaging property
    • ", + "
  • benefit fraud
    • ", + "
  • assault
    • ", + "

    You may get a community sentence if:

    ", + "
  • the court thinks you\u2019re more likely to stop committing crime than if you go to prison
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s the first time you have committed a crime
    • ", + "
  • you have a mental health condition that affects your behaviour
    • ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Community Payback

    ", + "

    Community Payback is unpaid work like:

    ", + "
  • removing graffiti
    • ", + "
  • clearing wasteland
    • ", + "
  • decorating public places and buildings\u00a0- for example, a community centre
    • ", + "

    You will usually work in your local area, and be managed by a Community Payback supervisor. You must wear a high visibility orange vest while you work.

    ", + "

    You can expect to complete anything from 40 to 300 hours of Community Payback, depending on how serious your crime was.

    ", + "

    You have to work 3 or 4 days each week if you\u2019re unemployed.

    ", + "

    The Community Payback work will be arranged outside your working hours if you have a job, for example evenings or weekends.

    ", + "

    Treatment and programmes

    ", + "

    The treatment or programmes you get are intended to help with problems that led you to commit crime in the first place. They\u2019re also to stop you committing more crime.

    ", + "

    Programmes and treatment could be to help with:

    ", + "
  • any addictions you have, for example drugs
    • ", + "
  • a mental health condition
    • ", + "
  • getting new skills and qualifications
    • ", + "

    Depending on the treatment or programme, it could involve:

    ", + "
  • counselling sessions\u00a0- where you get support from a medical professional
    • ", + "
  • drug testing
    • ", + "
  • \u2018accredited programmes\u2019, such as anger management courses, to help with your behaviour
    • ", + "
  • mental health treatment with a doctor or psychologist
    • ", + "
  • improving your reading and writing
    • ", + "
  • getting help with a job application
    • ", + "
  • learning interview skills
    • ", + "
  • meeting people who were affected by your offence, as part of a restorative justice programme
    • ", + "

    If you don\u2019t complete a treatment or programme, or fail a drugs test, you could be sent back to court and your punishment could increase.

    ", + "

    What you can and can\u2019t do while on a community sentence

    ", + "

    What you can and can\u2019t do while on a community sentence is decided by:

    ", + "
  • a court when you are sentenced
    • ", + "
  • the person dealing with your sentence once it\u2019s started\u00a0- called the \u2018offender manager\u2019
    • ", + "

    This can include:

    ", + "
  • being at a particular place at certain times - known as a \u2018curfew\u2019
    • ", + "
  • wearing an electronic tag to check that you stay there
    • ", + "
  • appointments with an offender manager
    • ", + "
  • being stopped from going to certain places or areas, for example your victim\u2019s home
    • ", + "
  • being stopped from taking part in certain activities, for example going to a pub or a bar
    • ", + "
  • being told where you have to live, for example a family member\u2019s home
    • ", + "

    If you don\u2019t stick to the rules while you\u2019re on a community sentence, you could get a warning or be sent back to court, and your punishment could increase.

    ", + "

    Community sentences if you are under 18

    ", + "

    Community sentences for young people are different from those given to adults.

    ", + "

    There are 3 main community sentences a court can give you:

    ", + "
  • referral orders \u2013 when, with a panel of people from your local community and your youth justice workers, you are asked to agree a programme of work to address your behaviour
    • ", + "
  • reparation orders \u2013 when you make up for the harm caused by your crime, like repairing any damage to the victim\u2019s property
    • ", + "
  • Youth Rehabilitation Order \u2013 when a court decides on different things that you have to do or must not do, which can last for up to 3 years
    • ", + "

    You can also be given a discharge, when the court decides that the experience of being arrested and going to court is enough of a punishment.

    ", + "

    As part of your community sentence you may also have to speak to the victim and:

    ", + "
  • listen to their side of the story
    • ", + "
  • apologise to them, either in writing or, if the victim wants, face-to-face
    • ", + "

    If you break the rules of your community sentence you could end up back in court, and if you have recently been released from custody you could be sent back.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Criminal courts", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/courts", + "contents": [ + "

    Magistrates' courts

    ", + "

    All criminal cases start in a magistrates\u2019 court.

    ", + "

    Cases are heard by either:

    ", + "
  • 2 or 3 magistrates
    • ", + "
  • a district judge
    • ", + "

    There is not a jury in a magistrates\u2019 court.

    ", + "

    Cases a magistrates\u2019 court deals with

    ", + "

    A magistrates\u2019 court normally handles cases known as \u2018summary offences\u2019, for example:

    ", + "
  • most motoring offences
    • ", + "
  • minor criminal damage
    • ", + "
  • common assault (not causing significant injury)
    • ", + "

    It can also deal with some of the more serious offences, such as:

    ", + "
  • burglary
    • ", + "
  • drugs offences
    • ", + "

    These are called \u2018either way\u2019 offences and can be heard either in a magistrates\u2019 court or a Crown Court.

    ", + "

    Find your local magistrates\u2019 court.

    ", + "

    Cases that magistrates pass to the Crown Court

    ", + "

    Magistrates\u2019 courts always pass the most serious crimes to the Crown Court, for example:

    ", + "
  • murder
    • ", + "
  • rape
    • ", + "
  • robbery
    • ", + "

    These are known as \u2018indictable offences\u2019.

    ", + "

    Being kept in custody or granted bail

    ", + "

    In some cases the magistrates\u2019 court will decide if you should be kept in custody until your next court hearing, or released on bail.

    ", + "

    This may happen if:

    ", + "
  • another court hearing is needed
    • ", + "
  • the court needs more information before passing sentence
    • ", + "
  • your case is passed to the Crown Court for trial or sentencing
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re released on bail, you might have to follow strict conditions such as keeping away from certain people or places, staying indoors or wearing a tag.

    ", + "

    If you do not attend court after being granted bail, you can be put in prison.

    ", + "

    Sentences a magistrates\u2019 court can give

    ", + "

    The court can give punishments including:

    ", + "
  • up to 6 months in prison (or up to 12 months in total for more than one offence)
    • ", + "
  • a fine
    • ", + "
  • a community sentence, like doing unpaid work in the community
    • ", + "
  • a ban, for example from driving or keeping an animal
    • ", + "

    Courts can also give a combination of punishments - for example a fine and unpaid work in the community.

    ", + "

    If the court decides your sentence should be for longer than 6 months, it can pass your case to the Crown Court for sentencing.

    ", + "

    Appealing a sentence or conviction

    ", + "

    If you disagree with verdict of the magistrates\u2019 court, you may be able to appeal.

    ", + "

    Crown Court

    ", + "

    Types of cases the Crown Court deals with

    ", + "

    A Crown Court deals with serious criminal cases, for example:

    ", + "
  • murder
    • ", + "
  • rape
    • ", + "
  • robbery
    • ", + "

    It also deals with:

    ", + "
  • appeals against a magistrates\u2019 court conviction or sentence
    • ", + "
  • cases passed from a magistrates\u2019 court for trial or sentencing
    • ", + "

    Find a Crown Court.

    ", + "

    You can see what cases a court is hearing each day and check their progress on the court lists.

    ", + "

    Who does what in the court

    ", + "

    A Crown Court:

    ", + "
  • normally has a jury - which decides if you\u2019re guilty or not
    • ", + "
  • has a judge - who decides what sentence you get
    • ", + "

    Your solicitor (if you have one) can explain what happens in court - the judge and court staff will also give instructions about the trial.

    ", + "

    Sentences a Crown Court can give

    ", + "

    A Crown Court can give a range of sentences including:

    ", + "
  • community sentences
    • ", + "
  • prison sentences - including life sentences
    • ", + "

    Appealing a sentence or conviction

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the Crown Court\u2019s verdict, you may be able to appeal.

    ", + "

    Youth courts

    ", + "

    A youth court is a special type of magistrates\u2019 court for people aged between 10 and 17.

    ", + "

    A youth court has either:

    ", + "
  • 3 magistrates
    • ", + "
  • a district judge
    • ", + "

    There is not a jury in a youth court.

    ", + "

    Your parent or guardian must come with you:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re under 16
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re 16 to 17 and they\u2019re given a court order
    • ", + "

    How youth courts are different from adult courts

    ", + "

    Youth courts are less formal than adult courts, for example:

    ", + "
  • members of the public are not allowed in to the court (unless they get permission)
    • ", + "
  • you are called by your first name
    • ", + "

    Types of cases a youth court deals with

    ", + "

    A youth court deals with cases like:

    ", + "
  • theft and burglary
    • ", + "
  • anti-social behaviour
    • ", + "
  • drugs offences
    • ", + "

    For serious crimes, like murder or rape, the case starts in the youth court but will be passed to a Crown Court.

    ", + "

    Sentences a youth court can give

    ", + "

    The court can give a range of sentences including:

    ", + "
  • community sentences
    • ", + "
  • Detention and Training Orders carried out in secure centres for young people
    • ", + "

    Appealing a sentence

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the court\u2019s verdict, you may be able to appeal. Court staff can give you information on how to appeal.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Drink-drive rehabilitation courses", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drink-drive-course", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can take a course

    ", + "

    You can be offered a rehabilitation course to reduce your driving ban if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re found guilty of a drink-drive offence
    • ", + "
  • your ban is for 12 months or more
    • ", + "

    You have to pay to take the course. It can cost up to \u00a3250.

    ", + "

    Reducing the length of your ban

    ", + "

    Your ban will be reduced if you complete the course within a certain time. The ban is usually reduced by a quarter.

    ", + "

    Deciding to take a course

    ", + "

    You have to decide in court if you want to take a course or not. You cannot change your mind later.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for taking a drink-drive course in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Choose a course

    ", + "

    Before you go to court, find a drink-drive course that you want to take if you\u2019re found guilty and offered a course.

    ", + "

    The court will send your details to the course provider. They\u2019ll then send you details of:

    ", + "
  • the available course dates
    • ", + "
  • when you must complete your course by
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for completing the course by the deadline.

    ", + "

    Changing courses

    ", + "

    You can change to another course with a different provider at any point before you book. It\u2019s free to change your course.

    ", + "

    Ask the provider of the course you\u2019d originally chosen to arrange this.

    ", + "

    How the course works

    ", + "

    The course aims to stop you from drink-driving again. They:

    ", + "
  • are face-to-face
    • ", + "
  • take place over 16 hours (usually run on 3 days spread over 3 weeks)
    • ", + "
  • will have other drink-drive offenders at them
    • ", + "

    The course syllabus tells you more about what\u2019s covered during the course.

    ", + "

    After the course

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018certificate of course completion\u2019 from the course provider when you complete the course. They\u2019ll also send a copy to the court that sentenced you.

    ", + "

    The court will tell DVLA so that your driving ban is reduced.

    ", + "

    Your driving ban will not be reduced if you do not complete the course or do not pay for your course.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a \u2018high risk offender\u2019

    ", + "

    You need to reapply for a driving licence and take a medical if you\u2019re classified as a \u2018high risk offender\u2019. Check with your course provider if you\u2019re not sure if you are.

    ", + "

    Complain about a course

    ", + "

    Complain to the course provider if you\u2019re not happy with the course.

    ", + "

    Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency if you cannot sort out the problem with the course provider.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Going to court to give evidence as a victim or witness", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/going-to-court-victim-witness", + "contents": [ + "

    Before the trial

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim of crime or a witness for the prosecution, a \u2018witness care officer\u2019 will tell you which court to go to, and when to go there.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a witness for the defence, the defence lawyer will tell you when you have to go to court.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be given a fixed date to go to court.

    ", + "

    Sometimes you\u2019ll be given a 2 to 4 week period that you\u2019ll need to keep free - this is known as a \u2018warned period\u2019 or \u2018floating trial\u2019. If this happens, you\u2019ll be given 1 working day\u2019s notice before you are due to go to court.

    ", + "

    You must tell your witness care officer or the defence lawyer straight away if you cannot make the date of the trial.

    ", + "

    Help getting to the court

    ", + "

    There\u2019s different support if you\u2019re going to court as a witness in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness

    ", + "

    Ask the witness care officer for help if you cannot easily travel to court. They might be able to provide transport.

    ", + "

    You might be able to give evidence through a video link if you live far away from the court, or find it very difficult to get there. Ask your witness care officer if this is available.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a defence witness

    ", + "

    Speak to the defence lawyer if you need help with getting to court.

    ", + "

    You might be able to give evidence through a video link if you live far away from the court, or find it very difficult to get there. Ask the defence lawyer if this is possible.

    ", + "

    Help in the courtroom if you have a disability

    ", + "

    Check which facilities are available in the court you\u2019re going to.

    ", + "

    Contact the court to talk about your needs, or if you need any other help.

    ", + "

    Sign language

    ", + "

    You can usually get a British Sign Language (BSL) translator for the trial if you find it difficult to understand spoken English.

    ", + "

    Ask the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) if you\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness.

    ", + "

    Ask the defence lawyer if you\u2019re a defence witness.

    ", + "

    Translators

    ", + "

    If you do not understand English, you can usually get someone to translate or interpret the trial for free.\nAsk the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) to arrange a translator if you\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a defence witness, ask the defence lawyer if you can get a translator.

    ", + "

    Preparing to give evidence

    ", + "

    Contact the Citizens Advice Witness Service to help prepare for the day.

    ", + "

    Before the trial, they can:

    ", + "
  • show you around the court so you know what to expect on the day (sometimes called a pre-trial visit)
    • ", + "
  • explain the court process and who\u2019s who in the courtroom
    • ", + "
  • come to your home or anywhere you feel safe to answer your questions
    • ", + "

    Your statement

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness, you can ask the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) to see your statement again before you go to court to refresh your memory.

    ", + "

    You can add things to your statement if you remember them later on, but you cannot withdraw it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a victim of crime

    ", + "

    As well as the statement you gave the police when you reported the crime, you can also make a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019 (sometimes known as an \u2018impact statement\u2019). This can be read out in court.

    ", + "

    You can include information about how the crime has affected you:

    ", + "
  • physically
    • ", + "
  • mentally
    • ", + "
  • emotionally
    • ", + "
  • financially
    • ", + "

    You can also mention any worries you have about the defendant being released on bail.

    ", + "

    When you give your victim personal statement to the police, tell them if you\u2019d prefer to read it out in court yourself, or have someone else to do it for you.

    ", + "

    The court will decide if your statement will be read out in part or in full.

    ", + "

    Making a victim statement is different if you\u2019re in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Extra support in the courtroom

    ", + "

    The court may be able to take extra steps to protect you if you:

    ", + "
  • are under 18
    • ", + "
  • have a mental or physical disability
    • ", + "
  • are afraid to give evidence
    • ", + "
  • are a victim of a sexual offence
    • ", + "
  • are a victim of other serious crimes, such as domestic violence or attempted murder
    • ", + "

    These steps include:

    ", + "
  • screens, so the defendant cannot see you
    • ", + "
  • giving evidence by video link from somewhere else (the defendant will be able to see you)
    • ", + "
  • asking the public to leave the courtroom when you give evidence, if the case is about a sexual offence
    • ", + "
  • recording your evidence in front of a camera before the trial
    • ", + "
  • having someone explain the questions and help you reply to the court (an \u2018intermediary\u2019)
    • ", + "

    How to get extra support

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the victim or a prosecution witness, speak to your witness care officer or the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a defence witness, speak to the defence lawyer.

    ", + "

    The trial judge will then decide what support will be made available to you.

    ", + "

    The day of the trial

    ", + "

    When you arrive at the court, you\u2019ll need to go through security. Tell the security staff who you are and that you\u2019re a witness or victim. Someone from the Citizens Advice Witness Service will take you to a waiting area if they are available.

    ", + "

    Waiting to give evidence

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness, there will usually be a separate room where you can wait so you do not meet the defendant or their family and friends.

    ", + "

    If there is not a separate area, speak to court staff - they can make sure you\u2019re safe.

    ", + "

    If anyone tries to intimidate you, tell the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS), your solicitor or the court staff - they\u2019ll report it to the police.

    ", + "

    You might have to wait a long time before you\u2019re asked to go into the courtroom to give evidence. You might not even have to go in at all, for example if the defendant changes their plea to guilty.

    ", + "

    Childcare

    ", + "

    If you bring a child with you, make sure you also bring someone who can take care of them when you\u2019re in the courtroom.

    ", + "

    Help and support on the day

    ", + "

    Someone from the Citizens Advice Witness Service will be at the court, and can:

    ", + "
  • go with you when you give evidence
    • ", + "
  • support you on the day the verdict and sentence are decided if you\u2019re in court
    • ", + "
  • listen to your concerns in private (but they cannot discuss details of the case)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have someone who will translate or interpret the trial if you arranged it beforehand.

    ", + "

    Young witnesses (under 18)

    ", + "

    Talk to the police or child witness care officer if you have concerns about your child. For example, if they\u2019ll need to take breaks or need any help giving evidence.

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance on how to prepare your child for court and special measures that are available.

    ", + "

    Young witnesses can get support and find out what to expect at court from:

    ", + "
  • guidance for 5 to 11 year olds
    • ", + "
  • guidance for 12 to 17 year olds
    • ", + "
  • the Citizens Advice Witness Service
    • ", + "
  • Childline
    • ", + "
  • NSPCC
    • ", + "

    After you give evidence

    ", + "

    Citizens Advice have more information about what happens after you\u2019ve given evidence.

    ", + "

    Expenses for going to court

    ", + "

    You can ask for expenses when you go to court as a:

    ", + "
  • prosecution witness - from the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS)
    • ", + "
  • defence witness - from the defence lawyer
    • ", + "

    Your employer does not have to pay you for your time off work.

    ", + "

    Ask the Citizens Advice Witness Service for help with claiming expenses.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for claiming expenses in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Prosecution witnesses

    ", + "

    You can claim for expenses from the CPS. They\u2019ll pay for things like:

    ", + "
  • travelling expenses - the standard or 2nd class fare, or 25p per mile if you drive
    • ", + "
  • meals and refreshments - \u00a32.25 for up to 5 hours, or \u00a34.50 for 5 to 10 hours
    • ", + "
  • loss of earnings - \u00a333.50 for up to 4 hours, or \u00a367 for longer (\u00a342.95 or \u00a385.90 if you\u2019re self-employed)
    • ", + "
  • childcare - up to \u00a367 per day
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sent an expenses form before the trial, ask for one from a court usher or someone from the Citizens Advice Witness Service.

    ", + "

    Defence witnesses

    ", + "

    If the court usher does not give you an expenses form, ask the court or the defence lawyer if you\u2019re able to claim expenses for your time in court.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Immigration detention bail", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bail-immigration-detainees", + "contents": [ + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for immigration bail if the Home Office is holding you on immigration matters. This means you might be released from detention but you\u2019ll have to obey at least one condition.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply whether you\u2019re held in an immigration removal centre, a detention centre or a prison. You must be held on immigration matters.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re more likely to get bail

    ", + "

    You\u2019re more likely to get bail if you have a place to stay.

    ", + "

    Your application is also more likely to succeed if you have at least one \u2018Financial Condition Supporter\u2019. This is a person who:

    ", + "
  • will pay money if you don\u2019t follow the conditions of your bail
    • ", + "
  • can attend your bail hearing
    • ", + "

    Give information about where you\u2019ll stay and your Financial Condition Supporters in the application form.

    ", + "

    When you might not get released on bail

    ", + "

    You may find it harder to get bail if you:

    ", + "
  • have broken bail conditions in the past
    • ", + "
  • have a criminal record, and there\u2019s a risk you might reoffend
    • ", + "

    If you were refused bail in the last 28 days, you won\u2019t get another hearing unless your situation has changed significantly. Explain what you think has changed in your application.

    ", + "

    If you are refused bail, you\u2019ll get a written statement telling you why.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re due to be removed from the country

    ", + "

    You might not be released even if you\u2019re granted bail. If your removal date is in the 14 days after you get bail, the Home Office will have to agree to your release.

    ", + "

    Apply for bail

    ", + "

    You can apply for bail in 2 main ways. It depends on your situation. Apply to:

    ", + "
  • the Home Secretary (\u2018Secretary of State bail\u2019) any time after you arrive in the UK
    • ", + "
  • the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) - only if you arrived more than 8 days ago
    • ", + "

    You might be automatically referred for a bail hearing if you\u2019ve been in detention for 4 months or more.

    ", + "

    If you are appealing to the Special Immigration Appeals Commission you can apply to them for bail.

    ", + "

    A solicitor or legal adviser can help you with a bail application.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.

    ", + "

    Apply for Secretary of State bail

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Home Secretary for bail from the first day you arrive in the UK. This is called \u2019Secretary of State Bail\u2019.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form BAIL401 explaining why you\u2019re asking for bail.

    ", + "

    You can also get the form from:

    ", + "
  • the welfare officer, if you\u2019re in an Immigration Removal Centre
    • ", + "
  • your detention paperwork pack, if you\u2019re in a prison
    • ", + "

    Your application will be decided by Home Office staff and there will not be a hearing.

    ", + "

    Apply for bail from the First-tier Tribunal

    ", + "

    You can apply to the independent \u2018First-tier Tribunal\u2019 for bail if you arrived in the UK more than 8 days ago. Your application for bail will be decided by an independent judge at a hearing.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form B1.

    ", + "

    If you can\u2019t download the form yourself, you can:

    ", + "
  • ask the staff at the place where you\u2019re being held
    • ", + "
  • contact the tribunal - by phone on 0300 123 1711 or by email on customer.service@justice.gov.uk
    • ", + "

    If you have a tribunal appeal hearing scheduled, send the form to the tribunal or hearing centre where it\u2019s happening. You can find the address of the venue using the A to Z list.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t have an appeal hearing, ask staff at the place you\u2019re held \u2013 they can fax your application to the right venue.

    ", + "

    Automatic referral for bail

    ", + "

    The Home Office will automatically refer you to the First-tier Tribunal for a bail hearing if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in detention for 4 months or more
    • ", + "
  • you aren\u2019t being detained in the interests of national security
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s no action being taken to deport you from the UK
    • ", + "
  • you haven\u2019t applied for bail to the First-tier Tribunal in the last 4 months
    • ", + "

    They will make an application on your behalf using all the information they have.

    ", + "

    You can refuse the referral, or choose to make your own bail application. The Home Office will apply on your behalf every 4 months unless you apply for bail yourself.

    ", + "

    What happens at the First-tier Tribunal hearing

    ", + "

    There will usually be a hearing to decide if you should be granted bail. This will happen a few days after your application is received \u2013 you\u2019ll receive a \u2018notice of hearing\u2019 to tell you when it is.

    ", + "

    You probably won\u2019t be in the room for the hearing. It\u2019s more likely to happen over a video-link instead.

    ", + "

    The Home Office will send the tribunal a document listing the reasons they think you should not get bail (a \u2018Bail Summary\u2019). They will also send you a copy.

    ", + "

    Read information about the Tribunal\u2019s rules and procedures.

    ", + "

    Conditions of your bail

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re granted bail, there will be at least one condition you have to obey.

    ", + "

    You might have to:

    ", + "
  • report regularly to an immigration official
    • ", + "
  • attend an appointment or hearing
    • ", + "
  • be restricted on where you can live
    • ", + "
  • have an electronic monitoring tag
    • ", + "
  • have restrictions on the work or studies you can do
    • ", + "
  • obey any other condition decided by the person granting your bail
    • ", + "

    You or your financial condition supporter might have to promise to pay money if you break one of the other conditions of your bail. This is called a \u2018financial condition\u2019.

    ", + "

    These conditions can be changed after you\u2019re granted bail.

    ", + "

    If you do not follow the terms of your bail you might:

    ", + "
  • have your bail conditions changed so that there are tighter restrictions
    • ", + "
  • be charged with a crime
    • ", + "
  • have to pay the money agreed at the hearing - or your Financial Condition Supporter might have to pay
    • ", + "
  • be returned to detention
    • ", + "

    Change the conditions of your bail

    ", + "

    You can ask to change (\u2018vary\u2019) the conditions of your bail, for example, if you need to move to a new address.

    ", + "

    If the First-tier Tribunal granted you bail, fill in form B2 and send it to your nearest First-tier Tribunal hearing centre. The Home Office might oppose your request.

    ", + "

    If the management of your bail has been transferred to the Home Office contact them instead.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on Secretary of State bail, speak to an immigration officer.

    ", + "

    You must continue to obey the conditions of your bail until a decision has been made to change them.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Jury service", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jury-service", + "contents": [ + "

    How jury service works

    ", + "

    If you get a jury summons in the post, you must respond within 7 days and confirm if you can attend.

    ", + "

    Your name was chosen randomly from the electoral register.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be part of a jury of 12 people to decide the outcome of a criminal trial.

    ", + "

    You can watch a video about jury service. There\u2019s also a Welsh language version of the video.

    ", + "

    Jury service and coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve received a jury summons, you will need to attend. Jury staff will contact you to confirm the days and times you need to attend.

    ", + "

    Do not go to court if you have COVID-19 symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.

    ", + "

    You can read more about how coronavirus is affecting jury service including the social distancing measures that are in place.

    ", + "

    How long jury service lasts

    ", + "

    Jury service usually lasts up to 10 working days.

    ", + "

    If the trial is likely to last longer than 10 days, jury staff will let you know. If the trial is shorter than 10 days, you may be asked to be a juror on other trials.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to be at court from 10am to 5:30pm Monday to Friday, but times can vary.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to arrive at court earlier on your first day. Check your summons letter for the exact time.

    ", + "

    What you can claim

    ", + "

    You will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if you lose earnings. You can also claim some expenses, for example travel.

    ", + "

    Find out what you can claim:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re an employee
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re not working
    • ", + "

    What you can claim if you\u2019re an employee

    ", + "

    You will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if your earnings are affected. For each day you\u2019re at court, you can usually claim:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a364.95 towards your loss of earnings, and any care or childcare costs outside of your usual arrangements
    • ", + "
  • \u00a35.71 for food and drink
    • ", + "
  • the cost of travel to and from court
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to claim expenses after your jury service has ended.

    ", + "

    Taking time off work

    ", + "

    Give a copy of your jury summons to your employer.

    ", + "

    Your employer must let you have time off work, but can ask you to delay your jury service if your absence will have a serious effect on their business.

    ", + "

    Problems with your employer

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not allowed to take time off work for jury service, you can complain to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re sacked because you do jury service you may be able to claim unfair dismissal.

    ", + "

    Getting paid during jury service

    ", + "

    Your employer can choose whether or not to pay you during your service.

    ", + "

    If they do not pay you, you can claim for loss of earnings from the court.

    ", + "

    If you get benefits or financial support

    ", + "

    Show your jury summons to your benefit office or work coach as soon as you get it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue to get financial support and benefits (such as Universal Credit) for the first 8 weeks. After that, the court will give you a loss of earnings form to give to your benefit office or work coach.

    ", + "

    What you can claim

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a limit to how much you can claim for each day you\u2019re at court.

    ", + "

    Loss of earnings, childcare and other care costs

    ", + "

    How much you can claim to cover loss of earnings and care costs depends on the length of your jury service and how many hours you spend at court each day.

    ", + "

    For the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • ", + "
  • \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • ", + "

    If your jury service lasts longer than 10 working days, the amount you can claim increases. You\u2019ll be able to claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3129.91 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • ", + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • ", + "

    Travel and parking costs

    ", + "

    How much you can claim depends on how you travel to court.

    ", + "How you travel to court | The court will pay", + "Bus or underground | Cost of the ticket", + "Train | Cost of the ticket (standard class return fare)", + "Bicycle | 9.6p per mile", + "Motorcycle | 31.4p per mile", + "Car | 31.4p per mile - check if the court will pay for parking", + "Car - for one other juror as a passenger | 4.2p per mile", + "Car - for each additional passenger | 3.2p per mile", + "Taxi | The fare - ask the court for permission before using a taxi", + "

    Food and drink

    ", + "

    How much you can claim depends on how many hours you spend in court each day.

    ", + "Time spent each day | The court will pay up to", + "Up to and including 10 hours a day | \u00a35.71 per day", + "Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day", + "

    Estimate your expenses

    ", + "

    You can use a calculator to check what you can claim.

    ", + "

    What you can claim if you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    You will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if your earnings are affected. For each day you\u2019re at court, you can usually claim:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a364.95 towards your loss of earnings, and any care or childcare costs outside of your usual arrangements
    • ", + "
  • \u00a35.71 for food and drink
    • ", + "
  • the cost of travel to and from court
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to claim expenses after your jury service has ended.

    ", + "

    You can ask to delay your jury service if you cannot do jury service on the dates in your summons letter.

    ", + "

    If you get benefits or financial support

    ", + "

    Show your jury summons to your benefit office or work coach as soon as you get it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue to get financial support and benefits (such as Universal Credit) for the first 8 weeks. After that, the court will give you a loss of earnings form to give to your benefit office or work coach.

    ", + "

    What you can claim

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a limit to how much you can claim for each day you\u2019re at court.

    ", + "

    Loss of earnings, childcare and other care costs

    ", + "

    How much you can claim to cover loss of earnings and care costs depends on the length of your jury service and how many hours you spend at court each day.

    ", + "

    For the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • ", + "
  • \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • ", + "

    If your jury service lasts longer than 10 working days, the amount you can claim increases. You\u2019ll be able to claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3129.91 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • ", + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • ", + "

    Travel and parking costs

    ", + "

    How much you can claim depends on how you travel to court.

    ", + "How you travel to court | The court will pay", + "Bus or underground | Cost of the ticket", + "Train | Cost of the ticket (standard class return fare)", + "Bicycle | 9.6p per mile", + "Motorcycle | 31.4p per mile", + "Car | 31.4p per mile - check if the court will pay for parking", + "Car - for one other juror as a passenger | 4.2p per mile", + "Car - for each additional passenger | 3.2p per mile", + "Taxi | The fare - ask the court for permission before using a taxi", + "

    Food and drink

    ", + "

    How much you can claim depends on how many hours you spend in court each day.

    ", + "Time spent each day | The court will pay up to", + "Up to and including 10 hours a day | \u00a35.71 per day", + "Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day", + "

    Estimate your expenses

    ", + "

    You can use a calculator to check what you can claim.

    ", + "

    What you can claim if you're not working

    ", + "

    You will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if your earnings are affected. For each day you\u2019re at court, you can usually claim:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a364.95 towards your loss of earnings, and any care or childcare costs outside of your usual arrangements
    • ", + "
  • \u00a35.71 for food and drink
    • ", + "
  • the cost of travel to and from court
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to claim expenses after your jury service has ended.

    ", + "

    You can ask to delay your jury service if you cannot do jury service on the dates in your summons letter.

    ", + "

    If you get benefits or financial support

    ", + "

    Show your jury summons to your benefit office or work coach as soon as you get it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue to get financial support and benefits (such as Universal Credit) for the first 8 weeks. After that, the court will give you a loss of earnings form to give to your benefit office or work coach.

    ", + "

    What you can claim

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a limit to how much you can claim for each day you\u2019re at court.

    ", + "

    Childcare and other care costs if you are not working

    ", + "

    How much you can claim to cover care costs depends on the length of your jury service and how many hours you spend at court each day.

    ", + "

    For the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • ", + "
  • \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • ", + "

    If your jury service lasts longer than 10 working days, the amount you can claim increases. You\u2019ll be able to claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3129.91 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • ", + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • ", + "

    Travel and parking costs

    ", + "

    How much you can claim depends on how you travel to court.

    ", + "How you travel to court | The court will pay", + "Bus or underground | Cost of the ticket", + "Train | Cost of the ticket (standard class return fare)", + "Bicycle | 9.6p per mile", + "Motorcycle | 31.4p per mile", + "Car | 31.4p per mile - check if the court will pay for parking", + "Car - for one other juror as a passenger | 4.2p per mile", + "Car - for each additional passenger | 3.2p per mile", + "Taxi | The fare - ask the court for permission before using a taxi", + "

    Food and drink

    ", + "

    How much you can claim depends on how many hours you spend in court each day.

    ", + "Time spent each day | The court will pay up to", + "Up to and including 10 hours a day | \u00a35.71 per day", + "Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day", + "

    Estimate your expenses

    ", + "

    You can use a calculator to check what you can claim.

    ", + "

    Ask to change the date or be excused

    ", + "

    If you cannot do jury service on the dates in your summons letter, you can ask to change the date or be excused.

    ", + "

    Ask to change the date of your jury service

    ", + "

    You might be able to change the date of your jury service to another date within the next 12 months. You\u2019ll need a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re having an operation
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re sitting an exam
    • ", + "
  • your employer will not give you time off work
    • ", + "
  • you have a holiday booked
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a new parent
    • ", + "

    You can only ask to change the date once.

    ", + "

    To change the date, reply to your jury summons explaining your reasons in detail. When you reply you can suggest 3 possible dates in the next 12 months that work for you.

    ", + "

    Ask to be excused from jury service

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s not possible for you to do jury service in the next 12 months, you can ask to be excused. You\u2019ll only be allowed to do this in exceptional circumstances, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a serious illness or disability that prevents you from doing jury service
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a full time carer of someone with an illness or disability
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a new parent and will not be able to serve at any other time in the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    If you cannot do jury service because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you should ask to change the date.

    ", + "

    You can also ask to be excused from jury service if you\u2019ve done it in the last 2 years.

    ", + "

    If you do not do jury service this time, you could still receive a summons in the future.

    ", + "

    To ask to be excused, reply to your jury summons explaining your reasons in detail. You might need to give proof, for example, if you\u2019re ill you might be asked for a letter from your doctor.

    ", + "

    If your request is turned down, you can still ask to change the date of your jury service.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal if your request to change the date of your jury service or be excused is refused. Write to the Jury Central Summoning Bureau, including:

    ", + "
  • why you disagree with the decision
    • ", + "
  • your juror number (this is on your summons letter)
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of the court you\u2019ve been summoned to
    • ", + "
  • the dates of your jury service
    • ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Jury Central Summoning Bureau if you have questions about jury service.

    ", + "

    Respond to the summons

    ", + "

    You must respond to your jury summons within 7 days of getting it.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • reply to the jury summons online
    • ", + "
  • complete and return the form by post
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not return the form or turn up for your jury service.

    ", + "

    After you respond

    ", + "

    The Jury Central Summoning Bureau will send you a letter to confirm details of your jury service, including when and where it will take place.

    ", + "

    If you asked to change the date or to be excused, the letter will explain if your request was accepted.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to bring your summons or confirmation letter to court with you on your first day of jury service.

    ", + "

    Due to coronavirus (COVID-19), you may be asked to go to a different location than the one you were summoned to. If the court needs to change the venue, they will contact you at least one week before your jury service is due to start. Check which courts offer additional locations.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Jury Central Summoning Bureau if you have questions about jury service or about a decision.

    ", + "

    The Jury Central Summoning Bureau may be able to change the location of your jury service if you\u2019ve been summoned to a court far from where you live. For example, if you\u2019ve recently moved house or if you\u2019re at university and you\u2019ve been summoned to a court near your family home.

    ", + "

    Contact the court if you:

    ", + "
  • need directions
    • ", + "
  • have a question about your expenses claim
    • ", + "

    Going to court as a juror

    ", + "

    On your first day, you should bring:

    ", + "
  • your jury summons form or your jury service confirmation letter
    • ", + "
  • some identification, such as your passport, photo driving licence or Home Office documents showing your UK immigration status
    • ", + "

    If you do not have identification, you can bring any 2 documents from the following:

    ", + "
  • your birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • your credit card with 3 statements and proof of signature
    • ", + "
  • your cheque book and bank card with 3 statements and proof of signature
    • ", + "
  • 3 utility bills showing your name and address
    • ", + "

    Laptops, tablets and mobile phones

    ", + "

    You can bring your mobile phone, tablet or laptop into the court building and use it in the jury assembly area.

    ", + "

    You cannot take your phone, laptop or tablet into the deliberation room. All courts have lockers or somewhere you can safely store your personal items.

    ", + "

    There is free wifi in most courts.

    ", + "

    What to wear

    ", + "

    There is no strict dress code and you can wear clothes you\u2019re comfortable in, such as jeans and a t-shirt.

    ", + "

    Very casual clothing such as shorts or clothing with inappropriate logos or slogans are not allowed.

    ", + "

    What will happen when you arrive at court

    ", + "

    Allow extra time to go through security at court.

    ", + "

    Court staff will show you where the jury assembly area is and the jury manager will:

    ", + "
  • tell you about jury service
    • ", + "
  • explain your responsibilities
    • ", + "
  • tell you what expenses you can claim and how to claim them
    • ", + "

    There are extra security and hygiene measures in place because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you have a disability

    ", + "

    Check what facilities are available in the court you\u2019re going to.

    ", + "

    Contact the Jury Central Summoning Bureau if you have questions about the facilities or to arrange a visit to the court.

    ", + "

    Discussing the trial

    ", + "

    Do not discuss the trial with anyone until it\u2019s finished, except with other jury members in the deliberation room.

    ", + "

    After the trial you must not talk about what happened in the deliberation room, even with family members. You can talk about what happened in the courtroom.

    ", + "

    Do not post comments about the trial on social media websites like Facebook or Twitter - even after the trial\u2019s finished. This is contempt of court and you can be fined or sent to prison.

    ", + "

    If anyone approaches you about the trial

    ", + "

    Tell a court officer if you\u2019re approached about the trial. If you\u2019re approached outside court, tell a police officer.

    ", + "

    If you find the trial distressing

    ", + "

    You may be upset by the trial and want to speak to someone privately. Speak to court staff - they\u2019ll give you advice.

    ", + "

    For emotional support speak to your GP to find out what support is available. You can also contact the Samaritans - although they cannot give advice.

    ", + "

    How to claim expenses

    ", + "

    Make your claim for expenses at the end of your jury service - and no more than 12 months after your jury service started.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be paid 7 to 10 working days after submitting your claim form.

    ", + "

    The court may be able to pay your expenses during the trial if it\u2019s likely to last a long time or if you\u2019re facing financial hardship. Ask jury staff for more information.

    ", + "

    Food, drink and travel expenses

    ", + "

    Fill in the claim form you received at the start of jury service. Return it to the court with the relevant receipts.

    ", + "

    Loss of earnings

    ", + "

    What you need to do depends on whether you are employed or self-employed.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employee

    ", + "

    Your employer needs to fill in a loss of earnings form if they\u2019ve told you they are not going to pay you during jury service. Bring it to court on your first day of jury service.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    Fill in a self-employed loss of earnings form. You\u2019ll need to include evidence of lost earnings, such as your most recent tax return.

    ", + "

    Care and childcare expenses

    ", + "

    You and the carer need to fill in the care expenses form to claim for costs outside of your usual care arrangements.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using a registered childminder, they need to write their Ofsted number on the form. If a family member or friend is looking after your children, they must write a letter saying how many hours they\u2019ve cared for your child.

    ", + "

    Bring your child\u2019s birth certificate or passport to court during your service or attach a copy to the claim form.

    ", + "

    Return the form to the court with evidence of the cost of care, for example invoices or receipts.

    ", + "

    Questions about expenses

    ", + "

    Contact the court where you did jury service if you have questions about expenses.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Legal aid", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-aid", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Legal aid can help meet the costs of legal advice, family mediation and representation in a court or tribunal.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show that:

    ", + "
  • your case is eligible for legal aid
    • ", + "
  • the problem is serious
    • ", + "
  • you cannot afford to pay for legal costs
    • ", + "

    You could for example get legal aid if:

    ", + "
  • you or your family are at risk of abuse or serious harm, for example domestic violence or forced marriage
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re at risk of homelessness or losing your home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been accused of a crime, face prison or detention
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re being discriminated against
    • ", + "
  • you need family mediation
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re adding legal arguments or bringing a case under the Human Rights Act
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show that you cannot afford to pay for this help. You may have to pay some money towards the legal costs of your case or pay costs back later.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid to get help with civil cases. Your legal adviser will usually apply for legal aid on your behalf.

    ", + "

    Legal aid rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What you can get

    ", + "

    You could get help with the costs of legal advice or getting someone to speak or negotiate for you.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay some money towards the legal costs of your case.

    ", + "

    If your problem is covered by legal aid and you qualify you could get:

    ", + "
  • advice on your rights and options
    • ", + "
  • help with negotiations and paperwork
    • ", + "
  • help if you\u2019re accused of a crime, for example advice at a police station
    • ", + "
  • a solicitor or barrister to get your case ready and speak on your behalf in court and some tribunals
    • ", + "

    What you can get legal aid for

    ", + "

    You might be able to get legal aid for problems like:

    ", + "
  • homelessness or losing your home, or if it\u2019s in serious disrepair
    • ", + "
  • protecting yourself or your child from abuse or harassment, for example domestic violence or forced marriage
    • ", + "
  • poor quality care you or a family member are getting due to age, disability or special educational needs
    • ", + "
  • needing advice on finances, children or divorce if you\u2019ve been in an abusive relationship
    • ", + "
  • a child in your family being at risk of being taken into care
    • ", + "
  • family mediation, for example if you\u2019re separating or getting a divorce
    • ", + "
  • discrimination
    • ", + "
  • challenging the way the government has made a decision about you
    • ", + "
  • seeking asylum or if you\u2019ve been the victim of human trafficking
    • ", + "
  • being arrested, charged or questioned by the police
    • ", + "
  • needing representation at a mental health tribunal or inquest
    • ", + "
  • appealing a decision made by the social security tribunal about your benefits to the Upper Tribunal, Court of Appeal or Supreme Court
    • ", + "

    Exceptional case funding

    ", + "

    You may be able to get legal aid in other exceptional cases, if you can show that being refused legal aid would infringe:

    ", + "
  • your rights under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR)
    • ", + "
  • your EU rights to legal representation
    • ", + "

    Get advice from a legal adviser about whether you\u2019re eligible and how to apply.

    ", + "

    You can also apply directly to the Exceptional Case Funding team at the Legal Aid Agency.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Whether you qualify for legal aid will depend on:

    ", + "
  • the type of case
    • ", + "
  • your financial circumstances
    • ", + "

    Civil (non-criminal) cases

    ", + "

    Civil cases include things like debt, family or housing problems. To get legal aid, you usually need to show you cannot afford to pay for legal costs and your problem is serious.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to give details and evidence of your income, benefits, savings and property, and those of your partner. If you\u2019re under 18, you may need to give information about your parents\u2019 or guardians\u2019 income.

    ", + "

    Your financial situation is not taken into account for cases about:

    ", + "
  • mental health tribunals
    • ", + "
  • children in care
    • ", + "
  • child abduction
    • ", + "

    You may also have to provide evidence about your problem, for example in a divorce case by providing a court order or GP letter showing that you or your child have been a victim of abuse.

    ", + "

    Check if you qualify for legal aid to get help with civil cases.

    ", + "

    Paying the costs of your case

    ", + "

    Legal aid might not cover all the costs of your case. You may have to:

    ", + "
  • pay some of the costs upfront
    • ", + "
  • pay back some of the cost if you win money or property from your case
    • ", + "

    Read about paying for legal aid.

    ", + "

    The Legal Aid Agency (LAA) will make a charge or claim \u2013 known as the \u2018statutory charge\u2019 \u2013 on any money or property you win. If this is your home, payment can be deferred and the debt placed as a charge on your home (similar to a mortgage).

    ", + "

    Your legal adviser will explain how this works.

    ", + "

    Contact the LAA\u2019s Secured Debt Team to discuss how to pay.

    ", + "

    If legal aid is withdrawn, you may have to repay the full legal costs.

    ", + "

    Criminal cases

    ", + "

    You have the right to free legal advice if you\u2019re questioned at a police station.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically get legal aid for legal representation in court if you\u2019re under 16 (or under 18 and in full-time education) or on certain benefits.

    ", + "

    Alternatives to legal aid

    ", + "

    If you cannot get legal aid, you may be able to get free advice from:

    ", + "
  • the Law Centres Network
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • AdviceNow
    • ", + "

    You can also pay for advice from a local legal adviser or solicitor.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Search for a legal aid solicitor if you\u2019re in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Your legal adviser or family mediator will apply for legal aid on your behalf. If you qualify, the government will pay their costs directly.

    ", + "

    Getting legal aid in an emergency

    ", + "

    You can get emergency help if you need urgent representation in court, for example to keep you and your children safe from domestic abuse.

    ", + "

    Your legal adviser will apply for Emergency Legal Representation to cover any immediate action. You still need to apply for legal aid in the normal way for any ongoing work.

    ", + "

    Criminal cases

    ", + "

    A police custody officer will help you get legal aid if you\u2019ve been arrested and held at a police station. You\u2019ll be offered free advice:

    ", + "
  • by telephone (if the offence is less serious)
    • ", + "
  • from the police station\u2019s duty solicitor
    • ", + "
  • from your own legal adviser
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re charged or go to court

    ", + "

    A solicitor will check if you qualify for legal aid if you\u2019re charged with a crime or have to go to court. You can then:

    ", + "
  • get advice from the same organisation that helped you at the police station
    • ", + "
  • ask to speak to the court duty solicitor
    • ", + "
  • find your own criminal legal aid solicitor
    • ", + "

    What you need to bring to your legal adviser

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give information about the following for both yourself and your partner:

    ", + "
  • benefits - including benefits statements
    • ", + "
  • income, savings and spending - including pay slips and bank statements
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance numbers
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need copies of evidence relating to your case, eg:

    ", + "
  • court documents
    • ", + "
  • marriage and birth certificates (for family cases)
    • ", + "
  • relevant letters
    • ", + "

    Tell your legal adviser if any of your financial circumstances change.

    ", + "

    Domestic abuse or violence

    ", + "

    You might be able to get legal aid if you have evidence that you or your children have been victims of domestic abuse or violence and you cannot afford to pay legal costs.

    ", + "

    You do not have to get evidence before talking to a legal aid solicitor or Civil Legal Advice (CLA), but they\u2019ll need to see it before deciding whether you can get legal aid.

    ", + "

    What counts as domestic abuse for legal aid

    ", + "

    You or your children must have been victims of either:

    ", + "
  • domestic abuse or violence
    • ", + "
  • financial control, for example being stopped from accessing a joint bank account
    • ", + "

    What counts as evidence

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show that you or your children were at risk of harm from an ex-partner.

    ", + "

    You can ask for evidence from:

    ", + "
  • the courts
    • ", + "
  • the police
    • ", + "
  • a multi-agency risk assessment conference (MARAC)
    • ", + "
  • social services
    • ", + "
  • a health professional, for example a doctor, nurse, midwife, psychologist or health visitor
    • ", + "
  • a refuge manager
    • ", + "
  • a domestic violence support service
    • ", + "
  • your bank, for example credit card accounts, loan documents and statements
    • ", + "
  • your employer, or education or training provider
    • ", + "
  • the provider of any benefits you\u2019ve received
    • ", + "

    How to get evidence

    ", + "

    You can download and print a sample letter to send to the police, courts, or medical and social services.

    ", + "

    This helps you get the proof you need, depending on whether:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been a victim
    • ", + "
  • your children have been victims
    • ", + "

    Give the letter to the person you\u2019re asking to provide evidence. They\u2019ll be able to fill in the details for you.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay a fee for this.

    ", + "

    When you have the evidence

    ", + "

    Show the evidence to your legal aid solicitor or CLA adviser.

    ", + "

    Legal problems abroad

    ", + "

    You can apply for legal aid in:

    ", + "
  • Albania
    • ", + "
  • Austria
    • ", + "
  • Azerbaijan
    • ", + "
  • Belgium
    • ", + "
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ", + "
  • Bulgaria
    • ", + "
  • Cyprus
    • ", + "
  • Czech Republic
    • ", + "
  • Denmark
    • ", + "
  • Estonia
    • ", + "
  • Finland
    • ", + "
  • France
    • ", + "
  • Georgia
    • ", + "
  • Greece
    • ", + "
  • Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Italy
    • ", + "
  • Latvia
    • ", + "
  • Lithuania
    • ", + "
  • Luxembourg
    • ", + "
  • Montenegro
    • ", + "
  • Netherlands
    • ", + "
  • North Macedonia
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Poland
    • ", + "
  • Portugal
    • ", + "
  • Romania
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Spain
    • ", + "
  • Sweden
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • Turkey
    • ", + "
  • Ukraine
    • ", + "

    You can get help with your application from a publicly funded solicitor, including getting documents translated.

    ", + "

    Contact the embassy or consulate of that country or the Legal Aid Agency to find out how to apply.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Litigation friends", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/litigation-friend", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can be appointed as litigation friend to make decisions about a court case for either:

    ", + "
  • an adult who lacks the mental capacity to manage their own court case either with or without a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • a child
    • ", + "

    The court case can be any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a civil case, except a tribunal
    • ", + "
  • a family case
    • ", + "
  • a Court of Protection case
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to go to court if there\u2019s a hearing, but you cannot act as the other person\u2019s lawyer.

    ", + "

    An adult with a litigation friend is called the \u2018protected party\u2019 in court.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re appointed

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • apply to be someone\u2019s litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • be appointed by the court if someone involved in a case asks them to appoint a litigation friend for one of the other people involved
    • ", + "

    The court will check if you\u2019re suitable. It can appoint you as soon as the case has started or at any time during the case.

    ", + "

    When there\u2019s no one suitable, willing and able to be a litigation friend, the court may ask the Official Solicitor to step in.

    ", + "

    When your appointment ends

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the litigation friend for a child who turns 18 or an adult who recovers capacity during the case, you may need to apply to stop being a litigation friend.

    ", + "

    You may be replaced by the court if you do not carry out your duties properly.

    ", + "

    Duties

    ", + "

    You must \u2018direct the proceedings\u2019 on behalf of the other person if you\u2019re their litigation friend. This means you\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • make decisions in their best interests
    • ", + "
  • do everything you can to tell them what\u2019s happening in the case and find out their wishes and feelings
    • ", + "
  • talk to their solicitor about what\u2019s happening, get advice from them and give instructions to them in the other person\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • pay any costs ordered by the court
    • ", + "

    Civil cases: settlement hearings

    ", + "

    If the person\u2019s going to be paid money to settle the case, there\u2019ll be a hearing to approve the settlement.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to fill in and bring:

    ", + "
  • form CFO 320 if they\u2019re a child - also bring the child\u2019s original birth certificate or a certified copy
    • ", + "
  • form CFO 320 PB if they\u2019re an adult and the money is going in to a Court Funds Office (CFO) account
    • ", + "

    Read guidance on CFO accounts and investments for help with the forms.

    ", + "

    After the court case

    ", + "

    Your role usually ends after the court case, unless you\u2019re the litigation friend of someone awarded money that\u2019s going into a CFO account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to remain the contact for a child\u2019s CFO account until they turn 18 or the court directs that the money is paid out. If you cannot carry out this role, you\u2019ll need to be replaced as a litigation friend.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the deputy of an adult awarded more than \u00a350,000 into a CFO account, you\u2019ll need to manage the account for them. The Court of Protection may agree that a deputy is not needed.

    ", + "

    Civil cases: expenses

    ", + "

    You can apply to the court to be paid back any expenses you\u2019ve had while acting as litigation friend. This can include the premium for a court costs insurance policy or the interest on a loan taken out to pay for a costs insurance policy.

    ", + "

    Write to the judge in charge of your case giving details of what you spent and when. Include your receipts. The court will check whether your expenses are reasonable.

    ", + "

    Who can be a litigation friend

    ", + "

    The court can appoint anyone to be a litigation friend, for example:

    ", + "
  • a parent or guardian
    • ", + "
  • a family member or friend
    • ", + "
  • a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • a professional advocate, such as an Independent Mental Capacity Advocate (IMCA)
    • ", + "
  • a Court of Protection deputy
    • ", + "
  • someone who has a lasting or enduring power of attorney
    • ", + "

    Suitability

    ", + "

    The court will check you\u2019re suitable by making sure:

    ", + "
  • your interests do not conflict with theirs
    • ", + "
  • you can make decisions about the case in a fair and competent way
    • ", + "

    You must fill in a certificate of suitability if you\u2019re applying be someone\u2019s litigation friend.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s no one suitable to be litigation friend

    ", + "

    The Official Solicitor will act as a litigation friend if:

    ", + "
  • nobody else is suitable and willing to be litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s money available to pay the Official Solicitor\u2019s costs, for example legal aid
    • ", + "
  • the person\u2019s doctor or another medical professional, for example their psychiatrist, confirms they lack capacity to manage the case (unless they\u2019re a child)
    • ", + "

    The court will appoint the Official Solicitor - if he agrees - at the relevant time.

    ", + "

    Contact the relevant section of the Official Solicitor\u2019s office if you have a query about his involvement in a case.

    ", + "

    Apply to be a litigation friend

    ", + "

    You can apply to be someone\u2019s litigation friend by either:

    ", + "
  • providing a copy of the court order that appointed you as the person\u2019s deputy if it gives you permission to act as their litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • filling in a certificate of suitability if you\u2019re not the person\u2019s deputy
    • ", + "

    You must send (\u2018file\u2019) your court order or certificate of suitability with the court before you can act on the person\u2019s behalf.

    ", + "

    The person\u2019s solicitor usually does this, but you can do it yourself if there\u2019s no solicitor yet. Contact the court to find out where to deliver your documents. You\u2019ll then have to find a solicitor to act for the other person.

    ", + "

    Deputies: civil cases

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the deputy of the claimant (the person bringing the case to court) and your deputy\u2019s court order gives you permission to be litigation friend, you must file your court order together with the claim form that starts the court case.

    ", + "

    Certificate of suitability

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the relevant form to apply in the:

    ", + "
  • civil courts
    • ", + "
  • family courts
    • ", + "
  • Court of Protection
    • ", + "

    Deliver in person (\u2018serve\u2019) a completed copy of the relevant form to the:

    ", + "
  • parent, guardian or carer, if you\u2019re applying to be a child\u2019s litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • deputy, attorney with a lasting power of attorney or enduring power of attorney, or carer of the adult you want to be litigation friend for
    • ", + "
  • the adult, known as the \u2018protected party\u2019, you want to be litigation friend for
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to act for an adult, explain on the certificate of suitability form why you think they need someone to make decisions about the case on their behalf.

    ", + "

    Certificate of service

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve served the certificate of suitability, download and fill in the relevant certificate of service for a:

    ", + "
  • civil case
    • ", + "
  • family case
    • ", + "
  • Court of Protection case depending on whether you\u2019re serving the other person or someone else
    • ", + "

    What to do with the forms

    ", + "

    Deliver or send the certificate of suitability and certificate of service to the court at the same time.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to be litigation friend for the person making the claim in a civil case, your forms must be delivered with the claim form.

    ", + "

    Ask the court to appoint a litigation friend

    ", + "

    You or anyone involved can apply to the court to get a litigation friend appointed at any time during the case.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the relevant form to apply in the:

    ", + "
  • civil courts
    • ", + "
  • family courts
    • ", + "
  • Court of Protection
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence that the person you want the court to appoint:

    ", + "
  • agrees to be the litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • is suitable and willing
    • ", + "
  • is able to carry out the duties
    • ", + "

    Deliver in person (\u2018serve\u2019) a completed copy of the relevant form to the:

    ", + "
  • parent, guardian or carer if you\u2019re applying to get a litigation friend appointed for a child
    • ", + "
  • deputy, attorney with a lasting power of attorney or enduring power of attorney, or carer if you\u2019re applying to get a litigation friend appointed for an adult
    • ", + "
  • the adult you\u2019re applying to get a litigation friend appointed for
    • ", + "

    Certificate of service

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve served the certificate of suitability, download and fill in the relevant certificate of service for a:

    ", + "
  • civil case
    • ", + "
  • family case
    • ", + "
  • Court of Protection case depending on whether you\u2019re serving the other person or someone else
    • ", + "

    Deliver or send the certificate of suitability and certificate of service to the court at the same time.

    ", + "

    Stop being a litigation friend

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually stop being a litigation friend when:

    ", + "
  • the case ends, unless you\u2019re litigation friend for a child and they\u2019ve been given a settlement
    • ", + "
  • the child turns 18
    • ", + "
  • the adult who did not have mental capacity recovers or gets mental capacity
    • ", + "
  • you or someone else applies to the court for a replacement litigation friend
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re litigation friend for a child

    ", + "

    If the case has already been settled and you\u2019re managing a Court Funds Office account on the child\u2019s behalf, the Court Funds Office will write to them and explain how they can get their money.

    ", + "

    When a child turns 18 during the court case, they must write a statement telling the court and everyone involved in the case:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve turned 18
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve stopped being their litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • they are or are not going to carry on with the legal case
    • ", + "
  • their address so documents can be sent to them
    • ", + "

    They must file the statement with the court and give a copy to everyone involved in the case.

    ", + "

    When the adult recovers or gets mental capacity

    ", + "

    You, as the litigation friend of someone who recovers mental capacity, or the person themselves can apply to the court for an order to stop you acting as litigation friend.

    ", + "

    You or they must include:

    ", + "
  • medical evidence that they\u2019ve recovered capacity
    • ", + "
  • any Court of Protection orders or declarations
    • ", + "

    Then they must write a statement telling the court and anyone involved in the case:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve stopped being their litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • they are or are not going to carry on with the legal case
    • ", + "
  • their address so documents can be sent to them
    • ", + "

    They must file the statement with the court and give a copy to everyone involved in the case (\u2018serve\u2019 it).

    ", + "

    In a civil case, the person must serve the statement within 28 days from when you stopped being their litigation friend. If they do not, anyone involved in the case can make an application to have their case dismissed.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Make a claim to an employment tribunal", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can claim

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to an employment tribunal if you think someone has treated you unlawfully, such as your employer, a potential employer or a trade union.

    ", + "

    Unlawful treatment can include:

    ", + "
  • unfair dismissal
    • ", + "
  • discrimination
    • ", + "
  • unfair deductions from your pay
    • ", + "

    This guide and the online service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You usually have to make a claim to the tribunal within 3 months of your employment ending or the problem happening.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to you (the \u2018claimant\u2019) and the person you\u2019re making a claim against (the \u2018respondent\u2019) before making a decision.

    ", + "

    See if there\u2019s another way to solve the problem before you make a claim to a tribunal, such as using a grievance procedure.

    ", + "

    Before you make a claim

    ", + "

    You must tell the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) that you intend to make a claim to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be offered the chance to try and settle the dispute without going to court by using Acas\u2019s free \u2018Early Conciliation\u2019 service.

    ", + "

    If early conciliation does not work, Acas will send you an early conciliation certificate - use this when you make a claim to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Once you receive your certificate, you\u2019ll have at least one month left to make your claim.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    Call the Employment Tribunal customer contact centre if you have any questions about your claim. They cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    Call Acas if you have any questions about early conciliation. They cannot answer questions about your claim.

    ", + "

    Legal help

    ", + "

    You may want to get legal help or advice if you\u2019re in England and Wales or Scotland before you make your claim.

    ", + "

    Your trade union may be able to pay for a solicitor.

    ", + "

    You can also get free legal advice from Citizens Advice or Citizens Advice Scotland.

    ", + "

    The Equality Advisory and Support Service can help if your claim is about discrimination. You may also be able to get legal aid.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to the employment tribunal online.

    ", + "

    You should read the guidance for whistleblowing if it relates to your claim.

    ", + "

    This online service is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Claim online

    ", + "

    Make a claim by post

    ", + "

    You can also download and fill in a claim form.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance for making a claim before you fill in the form. You should also read the guidance for whistleblowing if it relates to your claim.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay a fee to make a claim to the Employment Tribunal, even if it says so on the form.

    ", + "

    Send your completed form to one of the following addresses, depending on where you were working.

    ", + "

    Talk-through service

    ", + "

    Use the employment tribunal talk-through service only if you\u2019re unable to use a computer without help.

    ", + "

    Before calling make sure you have:

    ", + "
  • your Acas early conciliation certificate number or a valid reason why you do not have one
    • ", + "
  • details of your claim including the background, dates and people involved
    • ", + "

    This service will not give you advice on the details of your claim. Contact the number for general enquiries instead.

    ", + "

    After you make a claim

    ", + "

    The respondent usually has to reply to your claim in writing within 28 days of getting your claim form. They will give their side of the case.

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve replied, the tribunal will decide whether there will be a full hearing to decide on your case.

    ", + "

    If they do not reply, the tribunal may decide on your case without you having to go to a hearing.

    ", + "

    Hearings and coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a legal professional, read guidance on how cases are affected by COVID-19.

    ", + "

    \u2018Preliminary hearing\u2019

    ", + "

    You may be asked to go to an initial hearing (called a preliminary hearing) with the judge to decide on things like:

    ", + "
  • whether part or all of your claim can go ahead
    • ", + "
  • the date and time of a hearing
    • ", + "
  • how long the hearing should take
    • ", + "

    Arrange documents

    ", + "

    You can ask the respondent for documents that will help you with your case, and they can request documents from you.

    ", + "

    Examples of documents include:

    ", + "
  • a contract of employment
    • ", + "
  • pay slips
    • ", + "
  • details of your pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • notes from relevant meetings you attended at work
    • ", + "

    Usually the tribunal will issue an order setting out a timetable for when you should exchange documents.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how many copies of each document to bring to the hearing.

    ", + "

    Organise witnesses

    ", + "

    You can bring witnesses to the hearing if they can give evidence directly relevant to your case.

    ", + "

    If you ask a witness to attend and they do not want to, you can ask the tribunal to order them to come. You must apply in writing to the tribunal office dealing with your case, giving:

    ", + "
  • the name and address of the witness
    • ", + "
  • details of what the witness may be able to say and how it will help your case
    • ", + "
  • the reason the witness has refused to attend (if they gave you one)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll most likely be responsible for paying the witness\u2019s expenses.

    ", + "

    Going to a tribunal hearing

    ", + "

    Cases are normally held at the employment tribunal office closest to where you worked.

    ", + "

    You must take the documents you\u2019re using to support your case. You can take a colleague or someone else with you if you want.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for expenses for going to the hearing.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. If you need to attend in person, find out what to expect when coming to your hearing. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll present your case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The respondent will present their case against you.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally give evidence first, unless your case is about unfair dismissal. You can also call witnesses to give evidence.

    ", + "

    You will usually be asked questions by:

    ", + "
  • the judge
    • ", + "
  • the respondent
    • ", + "
  • two other tribunal members (only in certain cases)
    • ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent the decision in the post a few days or weeks after the hearing. The decision will be published on GOV.UK. In certain cases you may also be given the decision at the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you win your case

    ", + "

    If you win your case, the tribunal can order the losing party to do certain things depending on the type of case. Examples include:

    ", + "
  • paying you compensation
    • ", + "
  • paying you any witness expenses you\u2019ve paid
    • ", + "
  • improving your working conditions
    • ", + "
  • giving you your job back, if appropriate
    • ", + "

    If you get compensation, the amount can depend on:

    ", + "
  • the type of case - there are limits on certain cases
    • ", + "
  • how much money you\u2019ve lost because of the respondent\u2019s actions
    • ", + "
  • your age, length of service and salary
    • ", + "

    If the respondent does not pay

    ", + "

    If you do not get your payment, contact them to find out why.

    ", + "

    If they still do not pay you can ask to have them fined and named online by the government. You can also ask a court to force them to pay.

    ", + "

    You cannot do these things if the respondent has appealed, or is about to. They have 42 days to appeal.

    ", + "

    Get the respondent fined and named online by the government

    ", + "

    Use the penalty enforcement form. Post it to the address on the form or email it to the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy.

    ", + "

    The respondent will initially get a warning notice telling them they may be fined, and named online by the government.

    ", + "

    If they do not pay the compensation within 28 days of this notice they\u2019ll have to pay a fine and may be named online by the government.

    ", + "

    You can still get a court to force them to pay.

    ", + "

    Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in England or Wales

    ", + "

    You can use the Fast Track scheme to send a High Court Enforcement Officer - similar to a bailiff - to demand payment from the respondent.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a366, which you get back from the respondent when they pay.

    ", + "

    Fill in the Fast Track Enforcement form (or the Acas settlement form if your case was settled before a hearing) and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You can also ask the local county court to send an enforcement officer to get the money from the respondent. This costs \u00a344.

    ", + "

    Fill in an application to enforce an award form and send it with a copy of the tribunal\u2019s decision to your local county court.

    ", + "

    Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in Scotland

    ", + "

    Write to the office that heard your case and ask for an \u2018extract of the judgment\u2019. A sheriff officer can use this to force the respondent to pay.

    ", + "

    If the respondent is \u2018insolvent\u2019 (for example, they\u2019re in administration, liquidation or receivership) you can make a claim for money they owe you, including redundancy payments.

    ", + "

    If you lose your case

    ", + "

    You can ask the tribunal to reconsider the decision (or \u2018judgment\u2019) if you lose your case.

    ", + "

    You must write to the tribunal office within 14 days of getting the decision, saying why you want it to be reconsidered.

    ", + "

    You also need to give good reasons, for example:

    ", + "
  • the tribunal made a mistake in the way it reached its decision
    • ", + "
  • you were not told about the hearing, or were not at the hearing
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s new evidence
    • ", + "

    Send your letter to the tribunal office that dealt with your case.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal

    ", + "

    You can also appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal if you think the employment tribunal made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get a refund for tribunal fees

    ", + "

    You can get a refund if you paid fees at an Employment Tribunal or Employment Appeals Tribunal between 29 July 2013 and 26 July 2017.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply online if:

    ", + "
  • you have not changed your name since you made the claim to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • your claim was against one employer
    • ", + "
  • you have a UK bank account
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, you can apply by post or email.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include how much you paid in tribunal fees.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Use the service to apply for a refund online.

    ", + "

    Apply by email or post

    ", + "

    The form you use depends on why you paid the fees.

    ", + "

    Use form 1/2-CR if:

    ", + "
  • you made the claim on your own and paid the fees
    • ", + "
  • a claim was brought against you and you were ordered to pay someone\u2019s fees, or if you paid any other fees to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • you were the \u2018lead claimant\u2019 in a joint (\u2018multiple\u2019) claim for less than 11 people
    • ", + "

    Use form 3-S if:

    ", + "
  • you paid the fees for someone else to make the claim
    • ", + "
  • you were the \u2018lead claimant\u2019 in a joint (\u2018multiple\u2019) claim for over 10 people
    • ", + "

    Send your completed form by post or email to HM Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS).

    ", + "

    Get help applying

    ", + "

    Contact HMCTS if you need help applying or have questions about refunds.

    ", + "

    Find out about call charges.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re entitled to a refund it\u2019ll be transferred to your bank account (plus 0.5% interest). You\u2019ll get a letter confirming the amount.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The Employment Tribunal follows rules and processes that you also have to follow.

    ", + "

    You can also read other relevant tribunal rules and regulations.

    ", + "

    The tribunal has issued guidance and practice directions for England and Wales and Scotland which provide more information about specific areas, such as postponing hearings and serving documents.

    ", + "

    You can also read guidance about specific cases.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Make a victim personal statement to the Parole Board", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-statement-to-the-parole-board", + "contents": [ + "

    Who can make a victim personal statement and when

    ", + "

    The Parole Board decides if prisoners who are eligible for parole can be released. It also makes recommendations on whether it\u2019s safe for prisoners to be:

    ", + "
  • transferred to an open prison
    • ", + "
  • given a temporary release under supervision (known as being \u2018on licence\u2019 or probation)
    • ", + "

    Victims

    ", + "

    You can make a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019 to be presented at the Parole Board hearing if you\u2019re a victim of the prisoner.

    ", + "

    This is sometimes known as an \u2018impact statement\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Scotland, you need to make a written representation to the Parole Board for Scotland.

    ", + "

    You can use your statement to explain how the crime has affected you - from the time it was committed until now.

    ", + "

    This includes the effect the crime has had on you and your family:

    ", + "
  • physically
    • ", + "
  • mentally
    • ", + "
  • emotionally
    • ", + "
  • financially
    • ", + "

    Relatives of victims

    ", + "

    You can make a victim personal statement if you\u2019re a close relative of a victim who:

    ", + "
  • has died
    • ", + "
  • is aged under 18
    • ", + "
  • cannot make a statement themselves - for example, because of mental incapacity or illness
    • ", + "

    Close relatives include spouses and partners, parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren, siblings and dependants. Other family members, guardians and carers of victims may also be allowed to make a statement.

    ", + "

    When more than one relative wants to make a statement, the Parole Board may ask for 1 or 2 statements to represent them all.

    ", + "

    When to make your victim personal statement

    ", + "

    If you choose to join the Victim Contact Scheme, your Victim Liaison Officer will tell you when a prisoner is being considered for parole.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll tell you when to write your victim personal statement. They\u2019ll also send it to the Parole Board for you at least 28 days before the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you did not join the Victim Contact Scheme, you can contact your local probation office about:

    ", + "
  • giving a statement
    • ", + "
  • joining the scheme if you want to be told when a prisoner is being considered for release or transfer
    • ", + "

    The Parole Board has more information about making a victim personal statement and joining the Victim Contact Scheme.

    ", + "

    How a victim personal statement is used

    ", + "

    The Parole Board panel makes a decision based on whether a prisoner is a risk to the public.

    ", + "

    The panel can use your victim personal statement to help it:

    ", + "
  • understand the impact of the crime
    • ", + "
  • decide what questions to ask the prisoner, to find out about their understanding of how their crimes have affected victims
    • ", + "
  • decide what the prisoner can and cannot do (known as \u2018licence conditions\u2019) if they\u2019re released
    • ", + "

    The Parole Board will make its decision by:

    ", + "
  • privately reviewing a file of information and reports about the prisoner
    • ", + "
  • holding a hearing, if the board needs more information
    • ", + "

    You can ask to attend the hearing to read out your statement if you want, or have it read out for you. The Parole Board decides if you can attend.

    ", + "

    Write your victim personal statement

    ", + "

    Your victim personal statement is your opportunity to explain how a crime has affected you and your family - for example, physically, emotionally, financially or in any other way.

    ", + "

    You can update the statement that you wrote for the prisoner\u2019s trial or write a new one.

    ", + "

    Your statement should take less than 10 minutes to read out.

    ", + "

    You can usually choose how your statement is presented at an oral hearing.

    ", + "

    You must always submit a written version of your statement.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    You need to include how the:

    ", + "
  • crime affected you at the time
    • ", + "
  • crime has affected you since it happened
    • ", + "
  • prisoner\u2019s release or move to an open prison would affect you, your family, friends or community
    • ", + "

    Do not include:

    ", + "
  • whether you think the prisoner should be released
    • ", + "
  • long descriptions of the original crime
    • ", + "
  • any threats or critical comments to or about the prisoner or the Parole Board
    • ", + "

    Tell your Victim Liaison Officer if you think you have other information that will help the Parole Board make a decision.

    ", + "

    Young victims and children

    ", + "

    If you do not want to or cannot make a written victim personal statement, you can tell your Victim Liaison Officer about how:

    ", + "
  • you and your family were hurt
    • ", + "
  • the crime makes you feel now
    • ", + "
  • you think you would feel if the prisoner was released
    • ", + "

    Your Victim Liaison Officer will write this down and give it to the Parole Board.

    ", + "

    Your parent or guardian can also make a statement if they want to.

    ", + "

    The prisoner\u2019s access to your victim personal statement

    ", + "

    Prisoners usually have full access to all victim personal statements presented at their hearing.

    ", + "

    Speak to your Victim Liaison Officer if you do not want the prisoner to have access to your statement.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make a good case that it will:

    ", + "
  • put you or your family at risk
    • ", + "
  • have a negative effect on you in some other way
    • ", + "

    Statements are only withheld from prisoners under exceptional circumstances.

    ", + "

    Choose how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have a choice of how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing.

    ", + "

    You can ask:

    ", + "
  • for the Parole Board panel to read your statement themselves
    • ", + "
  • to attend the hearing and read out your statement in person
    • ", + "
  • to attend the hearing and choose someone else to read out your statement
    • ", + "
  • to choose someone to go the hearing instead of you and read out your statement
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) you cannot currently attend hearings in person. You will have to submit your statement remotely.

    ", + "

    At some hearings you may be able to read out your statement via a live video link or make a recording for the panel.

    ", + "

    Requests by victims to attend hearings are usually granted, but it\u2019s not a legal right and you can be refused.

    ", + "

    You can usually bring your Victim Liaison Officer or a family member or friend if you come to the hearing.

    ", + "

    People under 18 years of age usually cannot attend parole hearings in person and must choose one of the other options, such as getting someone else to read out your statement.

    ", + "

    What happens at a parole hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to read out your victim personal statement (unless someone else is reading it for you).

    ", + "

    You will not be able to add anything to your written statement at the hearing and will not usually be asked questions.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve made your statement you\u2019ll be asked to leave and the hearing will continue.

    ", + "

    Your Victim Liaison Officer will tell you the outcome.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on getting parole for detailed information on what happens at a parole hearing.

    ", + "

    Prisoners at parole hearings

    ", + "

    Prisoners are usually not present while their victims read their statements. The prisoner\u2019s legal representative is usually there.

    ", + "

    You can ask that the prisoner is present while you read your statement, but they\u2019ll need to agree to this and the Parole Board has to allow it.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Represent yourself in court", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/represent-yourself-in-court", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You have the right to speak for yourself in court without a solicitor or other legal professional.

    ", + "

    You may choose to do this because:

    ", + "
  • you think it\u2019s better to talk directly to the judge, jury or magistrates yourself
    • ", + "
  • you cannot afford to pay legal fees
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re considering representing yourself because you cannot afford legal costs, check if you can get legal aid instead.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be known as a \u2018litigant in person\u2019 if you represent yourself. You\u2019ll also be known as an \u2018applicant\u2019, \u2018respondent\u2019 or \u2018defendant\u2019 depending on whether your case is heard in a family, civil or criminal court.

    ", + "

    Read Advicenow\u2019s guides to going to court for advice on how to conduct your case.

    ", + "

    There are different courts and rules in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Someone with you in court

    ", + "

    You may be allowed to have someone to help you in court by taking notes and giving advice, but they cannot:

    ", + "
  • speak for you
    • ", + "
  • interfere with proceedings
    • ", + "
  • sign documents on your behalf
    • ", + "

    This person is known as a \u2018McKenzie friend\u2019.

    ", + "

    The judge will decide whether you can have a McKenzie friend with you in court.

    ", + "

    Read guidance on what a McKenzie friend can and cannot do.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice

    ", + "

    You can still get legal advice to help you with your case, even if you choose to represent yourself in court.

    ", + "

    Find a solicitor.

    ", + "

    Read advice on what you should consider before going to court for a debt, dispute or personal injury claim.

    ", + "

    Divorce and separation involving children

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be referred to as the \u2018applicant\u2019 if you brought the case, for example you filed the divorce papers.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be known as the \u2018respondent\u2019 if you\u2019ve received divorce papers or a request for a separation, or a contact order or residence order for a child.

    ", + "

    Before you go to court

    ", + "

    You must normally go to mediation before you go to court.

    ", + "

    The court will not hear your case until you send them a C100 form.

    ", + "

    Read guidance about whether you should take your case to court.

    ", + "

    Read the \u2018Guide for Separated Parents: Children and the Family Courts\u2019.

    ", + "

    Find out more about:

    ", + "
  • how to apply for a court order
    • ", + "
  • the types of court order you can apply for or respond to
    • ", + "
  • what the court does after you apply for a court order
    • ", + "
  • getting free and independent help with forms and documents
    • ", + "

    Divorce and separation: money and property

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be referred to as the:

    ", + "
  • \u2018applicant\u2019 if you brought the case, for example you filed a divorce petition
    • ", + "
  • \u2018respondent\u2019 if someone else has brought the case
    • ", + "

    Find out what you must do before you go to court if you\u2019re divorcing or separating and you\u2019ve a dispute about money or property.

    ", + "

    You must normally consider mediation before you go to court.

    ", + "

    The court will not hear your case until you send them a C100 form.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Solve a residential property dispute", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/housing-tribunals", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to the First-Tier Tribunal (Property Chamber - Residential Property) if you\u2019re a landlord, tenant, freeholder, leaseholder, park home occupier or site owner. The cases you can apply for include:

    ", + "
  • rent increases for \u2018fair\u2019 or \u2018market\u2019 rates
    • ", + "
  • leasehold disputes, for example variable service charges, recognising a tenants\u2019 association, management disputes
    • ", + "
  • leasehold enfranchisement, for example buying the freehold for a group of flats, extending a lease
    • ", + "
  • disputes about park homes, for example breach of agreement, changing the pitch fee
    • ", + "
  • financial penalties issued by local authorities
    • ", + "
  • rent repayment orders
    • ", + "
  • improvement notices and prohibition orders where your notice is under the Housing Act 2004
    • ", + "
  • disputes about licences for houses in multiple occupation
    • ", + "
  • the right to buy your council home being refused because it\u2019s deemed suitable for elderly people
    • ", + "
  • banned tenant fees you paid to a landlord or letting agent, for example fees for a credit check
    • ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to apply in Wales, apply in Scotland and apply in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You may want to get help and advice before you apply - contact Leasehold Advisory Service or Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    You can also get legal advice, including from a lawyer.

    ", + "

    Apply to the tribunal

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the right form for your application.

    ", + "Why you\u2019re applying | Form | Guidance", + "Rent | See the form finder | Leaflet T540", + "Service charges and leasehold management | See the form finder | Leaflet T541", + "Leasehold enfranchisement | Form \u2018Leasehold 9\u2019 | Leaflet T542", + "Houses in multiple occupation and selective licensing | Form HMO | Leaflet T543", + "Improvement notices, prohibition orders, demolition orders | Form HHSRS | Leaflet T543", + "Park homes | See the form finder | Leaflet T544", + "Financial penalties appeals under the Housing Act 2004 | Form HO4 | Leaflet T543", + "Financial penalties appeals under the Tenant Fees Act 2019 | Form TFA2 | Leaflet TFA3", + "Rent repayment orders | Form RRO1 | Leaflet T543", + "Recognising a tenants\u2019 association | Form TA | Leaflet T545", + "Right to buy your council home is refused | Form RTB1 | Leaflet T546", + "Tenant fees charged by landlord or letting agent | Form TFA1 | Leaflet TFA3", + "All other cases | See the form finder | ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a fee to apply - the form will say how much. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    ", + "

    Send the form

    ", + "

    Email the form to the regional office that covers your area.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told whether the tribunal will consider your case. You may need to provide more evidence, for example additional supporting documents.

    ", + "

    You may be told that the case does not need a hearing and can be decided on your application alone (known as a \u2018paper decision\u2019). You can still ask for a hearing (\u2018oral hearing\u2019) if you\u2019d like one.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    What happens will depend on whether you\u2019ve asked for a paper decision or an oral hearing.

    ", + "

    Paper decision

    ", + "

    There will not normally be an oral hearing if you ask for a paper decision, unless a judge requests one.

    ", + "

    The paper decision will be based on:

    ", + "
  • your application
    • ", + "
  • supporting documents
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks of the tribunal looking at your documents.

    ", + "

    Oral hearing

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. Find out what to expect if you\u2019re attending a hearing in person. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    The hearing is public. You\u2019ll present your case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, for example a legal adviser, surveyor, friend or family member.

    ", + "

    You may be asked questions by:

    ", + "
  • your representative (if you have one)
    • ", + "
  • the other party\u2019s representative
    • ", + "
  • the tribunal hearing your case
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks of the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you're unhappy with the decision

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal if you\u2019re unhappy with the decision. Ask the tribunal for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) within 28 days of the hearing\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Contact HM Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS) if you want to complain about the quality of service you received.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    Search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Property Chamber) Rules 2013.

    ", + "

    Rent disputes

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the:

    ", + "
  • Rent Act 1977
    • ", + "
  • Rent Acts (Maximum Fair Rent) Order 1999 - this limits the amount of rent that can be charged
    • ", + "
  • Local Government and Housing Act 1989 - this covers long leases at low rent
    • ", + "
  • Housing Act 1988
    • ", + "

    Park homes

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the:

    ", + "
  • Caravan Sites and Control of Development Act 1960
    • ", + "
  • Mobile Homes Act 1983
    • ", + "

    Leasehold disputes

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the:

    ", + "
  • Landlord and Tenant Act 1985
    • ", + "
  • Landlord and Tenant Act 1987
    • ", + "
  • Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002
    • ", + "

    Rent repayment orders

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on part 2, chapter 4 of the Housing and Planning Act 2016.

    ", + "

    \u2018Housing Act 2004\u2019 appeals

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on Housing Act 2004 in certain cases. See:

    ", + "
  • part 1, chapter 2 for the law on improvement notices and prohibition orders
    • ", + "
  • part 1, chapter 4 for the law on demolition orders
    • ", + "
  • part 1, chapter 3 for the law on emergency remedial notices or emergency prohibition orders
    • ", + "
  • part 2 for the law on licensing houses in multiple occupation
    • ", + "
  • part 3 for the law on selective licensing
    • ", + "
  • part 4, chapter 2 for the law on empty dwelling management orders
    • ", + "

    Leasehold enfranchisement

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the:

    ", + "
  • Leasehold Reform, Housing and Urban Development Act 1993
    • ", + "
  • Leasehold Reform Act 1967
    • ", + "
  • Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002
    • ", + "
  • Landlord and Tenant Act 1987
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Staying in touch with someone in prison", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/staying-in-touch-with-someone-in-prison", + "contents": [ + "

    Letters, video and telephone calls

    ", + "

    Letters

    ", + "

    You can contact a prisoner by writing to them. Write the person\u2019s prisoner number on the envelope. Normally there\u2019s no limit on the number of letters you can send.

    ", + "

    Most letters sent to and from prison are checked by prison staff.

    ", + "

    Prisons cannot open letters from solicitors and courts except in special cases, for example if they suspect a letter is not really from a legal adviser.

    ", + "

    You can complain to the prison if you think your letters are being read when they should not be, or if your letters are not reaching the prisoner.

    ", + "

    Video calls

    ", + "

    You can make video calls to people in some prisons using your mobile phone or tablet.

    ", + "

    Video calls are free at the moment. This is because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Calls can last up to 30 minutes. A prisoner is allowed 1 video call a month.

    ", + "

    Who can call

    ", + "

    You must be over 18 and on the prisoner\u2019s list of friends and family.

    ", + "

    You can invite up to 3 other people (of any age) on the call if they are on the prisoner\u2019s visitor list.

    ", + "

    How to call

    ", + "
  • Find out if the prison offers video calls.
    • ", + "
  • Install an app on your phone or tablet (it can take up to 24 hours for your account on the app to be verified).
    • ", + "
  • Check if everyone who wants to join the call is on the prisoner\u2019s list of friends and family.
    • ", + "
  • Request a video call using the app or ask the prisoner to request a call.
    • ", + "
  • Prison staff will schedule the call and send confirmation by email.
    • ", + "

    All video calls are recorded. Prison staff may watch video calls while they are happening.

    ", + "

    Telephone calls

    ", + "

    The prisoner has to call you using a prison phone.

    ", + "

    They can only call people named on their list of friends and family. This list is checked by security when they first arrive so it may take a few days before they\u2019re able to call.

    ", + "

    Prison staff can listen to and record most types of call. Some calls are not monitored, for example when a prisoner calls a legal adviser.

    ", + "

    You can also exchange voice messages with a prisoner using the Prison Voicemail service.

    ", + "

    Email and social media

    ", + "

    Prisoners are not allowed to access social networking websites (such as Facebook or Twitter) while they\u2019re in custody.

    ", + "

    You cannot email prisoners directly, but you can use a service called Email a Prisoner. If you send a message this way, it\u2019ll be printed out and delivered by prison staff. Each email costs 40p and you need to buy credit to use the service.

    ", + "

    In some prisons, prisoners can also reply and attach a photo through Email a Prisoner. Check which prisons allow replies.

    ", + "

    Banned items

    ", + "

    You must not send or give anything to a prisoner that:

    ", + "
  • is indecent or obscene
    • ", + "
  • threatens the security of the prison
    • ", + "
  • is written in code
    • ", + "

    You must not take anything written by a prisoner that they want to publish and be paid for.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s a criminal offence to send or give a prisoner:

    ", + "
  • illegal drugs
    • ", + "
  • alcohol
    • ", + "
  • weapons
    • ", + "
  • a camera
    • ", + "
  • a mobile phone
    • ", + "

    Contact the prison if you\u2019re unsure what you can send or give.

    ", + "

    Sending money

    ", + "

    You can send money to someone in prison by making an online payment by Visa, Mastercard and Maestro debit card.

    ", + "

    The money is paid into the prisoner\u2019s account - a basic cash account they can use to send and receive money.

    ", + "

    You can no longer send money by bank transfer, cheque, postal order or send cash by post to any prison. You\u2019ll need to use a debit card instead.

    ", + "

    If you cannot make an online payment

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for an exemption - for example if you:

    ", + "
  • are unable to use a computer, a smart phone or the internet
    • ", + "
  • do not have a debit card
    • ", + "

    This will allow you to send money by post.

    ", + "

    You can also find out how to get a debit card by setting up a basic bank account.

    ", + "

    Visiting someone in prison

    ", + "

    You can normally visit partners and close family members in some prisons. There are restrictions because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Find out which prisons are open for visits and what you need to do.

    ", + "

    You can only visit a prisoner if they\u2019ve added you to their visitor list. The prison will contact you once you\u2019re on this list.

    ", + "

    Get help with the cost of visiting someone

    ", + "

    You might be able to get help paying for a prison visit, for example travel costs, if you\u2019re receiving certain benefits.

    ", + "

    How often you can visit someone in prison

    ", + "

    A convicted prisoner is usually allowed at least two 1-hour visits every 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    A prisoner on remand (waiting for their trial) is allowed three 1-hour visits a week.

    ", + "

    You can find out more about the exact rules on visits on the prison information page of the prison you\u2019re visiting.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Types of prison sentences", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/types-of-prison-sentence", + "contents": [ + "

    Concurrent and consecutive sentences

    ", + "

    If someone\u2019s convicted of committing more than one crime, they\u2019re usually given a sentence for each crime.

    ", + "

    Concurrent sentences are served at the same time.

    ", + "

    Consecutive sentences are served one after the other, for example a 6 month sentence followed by a 3 month sentence.

    ", + "

    The judge (or magistrate) tells the person what type of sentence they get and how it must be served.

    ", + "

    Suspended prison sentences

    ", + "

    A \u2018suspended\u2019 prison sentence is carried out in the community.

    ", + "

    The person has to meet certain conditions, for example:

    ", + "
  • having to stay away from a certain place or person
    • ", + "
  • doing unpaid work - called \u2018Community Payback\u2019
    • ", + "

    If the person breaks the conditions of their sentence they can be sent to prison.

    ", + "

    Determinate prison sentences - fixed length of time

    ", + "

    A \u2018determinate\u2019 prison sentence is for a fixed length of time.

    ", + "

    If the sentence is for 12 months or more

    ", + "

    For prison sentences of 12 months or more the person spends the first half of the sentence in prison and the second half in the community \u2018on licence\u2019.

    ", + "

    If they break any licence conditions, for example they commit another crime, they could go back to prison.

    ", + "

    If the sentence is under 12 months

    ", + "

    For prison sentences under 12 months, the person\u2019s normally released automatically halfway through.

    ", + "

    Indeterminate prison sentences - no fixed length of time

    ", + "

    An \u2018indeterminate\u2019 prison sentence does not have a fixed length of time.

    ", + "

    This means:

    ", + "
  • no date is set when the person will be released
    • ", + "
  • they have to spend a minimum amount of time in prison (called a \u2018tariff\u2019) before they\u2019re considered for release
    • ", + "

    The Parole Board is responsible for deciding if someone can be released from prison.

    ", + "

    Indeterminate sentences are given if a court thinks an offender is a danger to the public.

    ", + "

    Life sentences

    ", + "

    If a person\u2019s found guilty of murder, a court must give them a life sentence.

    ", + "

    A court may choose to give a life sentence for serious offences like:

    ", + "
  • rape
    • ", + "
  • armed robbery
    • ", + "

    A life sentence lasts for the rest of a person\u2019s life \u2013 if they\u2019re released from prison and commit another crime they can be sent back to prison at any time.

    ", + "

    Whole life term

    ", + "

    A whole life term means there\u2019s no minimum term set by the judge, and the person\u2019s never considered for release.

    ", + "

    Sentences for young people

    ", + "

    People under 18 get different sentences to adults.

    ", + "

    Detention and Training Order

    ", + "

    A Detention and Training Order can be given to someone aged between 12 and 17.

    ", + "

    They last between 4 months and 2 years.

    ", + "

    The first half of a Detention and Training Order is served in custody, the second half is served in the community.

    ", + "

    Violent or sexual crimes

    ", + "

    For severe crimes - usually violent or sexual - young people can get an \u2018extended sentence\u2019. They could spend a long time in custody, and when released they\u2019ll be put under supervision for a long time (for example being tagged).

    ", + "

    Murder

    ", + "

    For murder, the court sets the minimum amount of time to be spent in custody. The young person can\u2019t apply for parole before this time.

    ", + "

    When released, the young person will be kept under supervision for the rest of their life.

    ", + "

    Other serious crimes

    ", + "

    Sometimes the sentence for a young person can last as long as the sentence for an adult for the same offence (but not longer). This includes life sentences.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Prison life", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/life-in-prison", + "contents": [ + "

    Arriving at prison

    ", + "

    When someone arrives at prison they have at least one interview and assessment with a qualified professional so they:

    ", + "
  • know what their rights are
    • ", + "
  • get help with their physical and mental health, for example with sexual health or drug and alcohol problems
    • ", + "
  • are told what courses they can do in prison
    • ", + "
  • understand prison rules and procedures
    • ", + "

    The prisoner gets a prisoner number and their property is recorded and put somewhere safe until they\u2019re released.

    ", + "

    Security categories

    ", + "

    Prisoners are given a security category based on:

    ", + "
  • how likely they are to try to escape
    • ", + "
  • their risk of causing harm to other prisoners and prison staff
    • ", + "

    A prisoner may be transferred to another prison with a different security category at any time.

    ", + "

    Prisoner privileges and rights

    ", + "

    Prisoners who follow rules can earn privileges. This is called the \u2018Incentives and Earned Privileges Scheme\u2019. A prisoner may be able to:

    ", + "
  • get more visits from family or friends
    • ", + "
  • be allowed to spend more money each week
    • ", + "

    Privileges are different in each prison - staff can explain to the prisoner how the scheme works.

    ", + "

    Rights

    ", + "

    Prisoners have rights, including:

    ", + "
  • protection from bullying and racial harassment
    • ", + "
  • being able to get in contact with a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • healthcare - including support for a mental health condition
    • ", + "

    All prisoners should be able to spend between 30 minutes and an hour outside in the open air each day.

    ", + "

    Punishments

    ", + "

    A prisoner who breaks prison rules is normally punished. They can be:

    ", + "
  • kept in their cell for up to\u00a021 days
    • ", + "
  • given up to 42 extra days in prison on top of their original sentence
    • ", + "

    The prison can take away privileges, for example removing a TV from a cell.

    ", + "

    Healthcare in prison

    ", + "

    Prisoners get the same healthcare and treatment as anyone outside of prison.

    ", + "

    Treatment is free but has to be approved by a prison doctor or member of the healthcare team.

    ", + "

    Prisons do not have hospitals, but many have in-patient beds.

    ", + "

    Most problems are dealt with by the healthcare team. If they cannot, the prison may:

    ", + "
  • get an expert to visit the prison
    • ", + "
  • arrange for treatment in an outside hospital
    • ", + "

    The healthcare team can ask the prisoner\u2019s family doctor for their records, but only if the prisoner agrees to it.

    ", + "

    Special help and support

    ", + "

    Prisoners can get specialist support, for example if they:

    ", + "
  • have drug or alcohol problems
    • ", + "
  • have HIV or AIDS
    • ", + "
  • are disabled or have a learning difficulty
    • ", + "

    Refusing medical treatment

    ", + "

    A prisoner can refuse treatment. However, the healthcare team may choose to give treatment if the prisoner is not capable of making decisions themselves (for example they have a mental health condition).

    ", + "

    Wherever possible, the healthcare team will discuss this with the prisoner\u2019s family first.

    ", + "

    Vulnerable prisoners

    ", + "

    Staff are trained to spot prisoners at risk of bullying, suicide or self-harm. The prisoner may get their own case manager who will make sure they:

    ", + "
  • are asked about their mental health, for example if they\u2019re feeling depressed
    • ", + "
  • get regular support from a health specialist
    • ", + "

    Most prisons also have \u2018listener schemes\u2019 that offer emotional support in confidence - normally from fellow prisoners.

    ", + "

    Psychiatric hospitals

    ", + "

    A prisoner can be moved to a secure psychiatric hospital for their own safety. This only happens if they meet certain conditions under the Mental Health Act.

    ", + "

    Once the prisoner gets better, they return to prison.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about a prisoner

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about a prisoner:

    ", + "
  • tell a member of prison staff when you visit
    • ", + "
  • contact the prison\u2019s \u2018Safer Custody Team\u2019
    • ", + "

    Some prisons run confidential Safer Custody hotlines where you can leave a message explaining your concerns. Find a prison and check the contact section for details.

    ", + "

    Pregnancy and childcare in prison

    ", + "

    Women who give birth in prison can keep their baby for the first 18 months in a mother and baby unit.

    ", + "

    A prisoner with a child under 18 months old can apply to bring their child to prison with them.

    ", + "

    Social Services arrange for children over 18 months to be cared for (for example by the prisoner\u2019s parents, or fostering).

    ", + "

    Applying for a place in a mother and baby unit

    ", + "
  • The prisoner can apply for a space in a mother and baby unit when they enter prison.
    • ", + "
  • An admissions board will decide if it\u2019s the best thing for the child.
    • ", + "
  • If there are no places in the prison the mother first goes to, they may be offered a place in another unit.
    • ", + "
  • If there are no spaces in any unit, arrangements must be made for the child to be cared for outside prison.
    • ", + "
  • If the mother is refused a place they can appeal - the prison will explain how.
    • ", + "
  • Separation plans are made when the mother enters prison if the child will reach 18 months before her sentence is over.
    • ", + "

    For prisoners with sentences of 18 months or over, arrangements are normally made for the child to be cared for outside prison.

    ", + "

    Prisons with mother and baby units

    ", + "

    The following prisons have mother and baby units:

    ", + "
  • Bronzefield
    • ", + "
  • Eastwood Park
    • ", + "
  • Styal
    • ", + "
  • New Hall
    • ", + "
  • Peterborough
    • ", + "
  • Askham Grange
    • ", + "

    Education and work in prison

    ", + "

    Courses are normally available to help prisoners get new skills, for example learning to read and write, use computers and do basic maths. Most prisoners get an Individual Learning Plan listing courses and training.

    ", + "

    Qualifications and skills

    ", + "

    Most courses lead to qualifications that are recognised by employers outside prison, for example GCSEs or NVQs. Prisoners may be able to do a distance learning course, for example Open University.

    ", + "

    A prisoner can learn skills, for example woodwork, engineering or gardening.

    ", + "

    Working in prison

    ", + "

    Many prisoners get the chance to work while carrying out their sentence, for example making clothes and furniture or electrical engineering.

    ", + "

    This is done in prison workshops and is normally paid work.

    ", + "

    Prisoners can also work around the prison itself, for example in kitchens and laundries.

    ", + "

    A \u2018low-risk\u2019 prisoner may be allowed to work in the community.

    ", + "

    You can find out what education and work\nopportunities each prison offers.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Leaving prison", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leaving-prison", + "contents": [ + "

    When someone can leave prison

    ", + "

    When a prisoner is released depends on:

    ", + "
  • the length of their sentence
    • ", + "
  • their behaviour in prison
    • ", + "
  • any time spent on remand (waiting for their trial)
    • ", + "

    If the prisoner has a fixed term (determinate) sentence

    ", + "

    A prisoner serving a determinate sentence is normally released automatically halfway through their sentence.

    ", + "

    If their sentence is 12 months or more, they\u2019ll be released on probation.

    ", + "

    A Parole Board is not involved.

    ", + "

    When a Parole Board reviews a case

    ", + "

    Prisoners can apply for parole if they have an extended sentence, or a fixed-term sentence for:

    ", + "
  • 4 years or more
    • ", + "
  • a serious violent or sexual crime committed before 4 April 2005
    • ", + "

    If the prisoner has a non fixed term (indeterminate) or life sentence

    ", + "

    The government will apply for parole on the prisoner\u2019s behalf.

    ", + "

    Temporary release from prison

    ", + "

    A prisoner may be allowed to leave prison for short periods towards the end of their sentence - whatever its type or length.

    ", + "

    However, the prison will not release someone if it thinks they\u2019re a risk to the public or may commit more crime.

    ", + "

    Resettlement day release

    ", + "

    A resettlement day release lets a prisoner out during the day - for example to go on a training course to help them find work once they\u2019re released.

    ", + "

    Resettlement overnight release

    ", + "

    A resettlement overnight release lets a prisoner spend the night at the place they\u2019ll live at after they\u2019re released.

    ", + "

    Childcare resettlement licence

    ", + "

    A childcare resettlement licence lets a prisoner spend time with their child. They can only apply for this if they\u2019ll be the sole carer of a child when they finish their prison sentence.

    ", + "

    Before someone leaves prison

    ", + "

    All prisoners get help preparing for life when they leave prison. In the last 12 weeks of their sentence, they\u2019re given advice and support on:

    ", + "
  • finding somewhere to live
    • ", + "
  • getting a job
    • ", + "
  • looking after money
    • ", + "

    Prisoners get additional support if they:

    ", + "
  • have abused substances (such as drugs or alcohol)
    • ", + "
  • are sex workers
    • ", + "
  • are the victim of domestic violence
    • ", + "

    Most prisoners spend the last few months of their sentence in a prison near where they plan to live.

    ", + "

    Support when someone leaves prison

    ", + "

    A person leaving prison may get the following financial support:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • help from your local council
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Welfare Fund in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales
    • ", + "

    Prisons may also work with organisations in their local area, such as charities, to help prisoners prepare for their release. You can find out about these organisations in the prison information pages.

    ", + "

    Useful websites

    ", + "

    There are organisations that can provide support for people leaving prison, including:

    ", + "
  • Nacro (previously National Association for the Care and Resettlement of Offenders)
    • ", + "
  • Prison Reform Trust
    • ", + "
  • The Hardman Directory
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • ", + "
  • Unlock
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Getting parole", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-parole", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Getting parole means you can leave prison or be released from custody before the end of your sentence. You\u2019ll be kept under supervision, known as being \u2018on licence\u2019 or probation.

    ", + "

    You may be released or transferred to an open prison (\u2018open conditions\u2019).

    ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland, Northern Ireland or if you\u2019re a young offender.

    ", + "

    The government will apply for parole on your behalf - you do not have to do anything.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re eligible for parole

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re eligible for parole depends on what type of sentence you have.

    ", + "

    Life or indeterminate sentence

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted either:

    ", + "
  • 3 years before your earliest release date (\u2018tariff\u2019) runs out if you\u2019re serving a sentence of 4 years or more
    • ", + "
  • at least 6 months before your tariff runs out if you\u2019re serving a shorter sentence
    • ", + "

    Extended or fixed-term sentences

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted up to 6 months before your earliest release date if you have either:

    ", + "
  • an extended sentence
    • ", + "
  • a fixed-term sentence of 4 years or more, given before 3 December 2012 for a serious violent or sexual crime committed before 4 April 2005
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible for parole if your sentence is less than 4 years.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get an application form to fill in. Ask a friend for help if you need to. You can also use a legal advisor.
    • ", + "
  • The prison will put together some documents. They\u2019ll include what you\u2019ve done in prison and what you plan to do on release.
    • ", + "
  • Check that the documents are correct. You can add evidence (\u2018representations\u2019) showing why you should be released.
    • ", + "
  • The Parole Board will decide either that you cannot be released or that your case needs a hearing. You may have to represent yourself if you cannot get legal aid or do not have a solicitor.
    • ", + "

    It usually takes 6 months to get a decision about your case.

    ", + "

    Your case will be reviewed again within 2 years if you do not get parole.

    ", + "

    Challenge the Parole Board\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    You may be able to challenge the Parole Board\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Parole Board hearing

    ", + "

    You may have to go to a hearing before the Parole Board can make a decision.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a hearing if:

    ", + "
  • the Parole Board thinks there\u2019s a realistic prospect of you being released or moved to open conditions
    • ", + "
  • they need more evidence from you because the file did not give them what they needed
    • ", + "
  • for any other reason, the Board thinks it would be fair to give you an oral hearing
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told when and how the hearing will be held.

    ", + "

    Hearings and coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, most hearings are now taking place remotely - either by phone or video.

    ", + "

    If the Parole Board decides your case needs a face to face hearing, it will work with the prison to make arrangements for a safe hearing to take place.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    Up to 3 members of a panel will decide whether to release you based on a file of documents the prison puts together. This includes:

    ", + "
  • your behaviour in prison
    • ", + "
  • what you plan to do once released
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re likely to commit more crime or are a danger to the public
    • ", + "
  • why you\u2019re in prison
    • ", + "
  • previous offences
    • ", + "
  • what the judge said when you were sentenced
    • ", + "
  • the victim statement - this may be read at the hearing
    • ", + "
  • medical, psychiatric and psychological evidence
    • ", + "

    Who\u2019ll be at the hearing

    ", + "

    You must usually attend the Parole Board hearing.

    ", + "

    There will be other people at the hearing, for example:

    ", + "
  • your solicitor (you may need to represent yourself at the hearing if you cannot get legal aid or do not have a solicitor)
    • ", + "
  • a prison psychologist
    • ", + "
  • the victim (when they\u2019re reading their victim statement)
    • ", + "
  • the victim liaison officer
    • ", + "
  • witnesses
    • ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The Parole Board will write to you with their decision. The hearing and full decision will be kept private.

    ", + "

    You may be able to challenge the decision.

    ", + "

    Represent yourself at the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to represent yourself at the Parole Board hearing if you do not use a solicitor.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid to help pay for a solicitor.

    ", + "

    Read more detailed information about representing yourself at a hearing.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Ask the Offender Management Unit in your prison to give you the name and number of the case manager handling your case.

    ", + "

    You can also get help from:

    ", + "
  • Prisoners Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • Howard League
    • ", + "
  • Prison Reform Trust
    • ", + "
  • your prisoner offender supervisor, offender manager or case administrator
    • ", + "
  • a solicitor
    • ", + "

    You can also contact the Parole Board for help and advice.

    ", + "

    Your family and friends can also get support.

    ", + "

    Challenge a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a Parole Board decision that was made on or after 22 July 2019. You cannot challenge a decision made before 22 July 2019, but you can apply for judicial review.

    ", + "

    You can challenge a Parole Board decision if you think:

    ", + "
  • your parole was not reviewed correctly, for example important information was not given to the Parole Board
    • ", + "
  • the decision was unreasonable
    • ", + "

    The Parole Board will decide if the decision needs to be reconsidered, and if there needs to be a new hearing.

    ", + "

    Ask your lawyer if you can get criminal legal aid to help pay for the costs of challenging a decision.

    ", + "

    If the Parole Board refuses to reconsider the decision you can apply for judicial review.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Probation", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/guide-to-probation", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Probation means you\u2019re serving your sentence but you\u2019re not in prison.

    ", + "

    You could be put on probation because:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re serving a community sentence
    • ", + "
  • you have been released from prison on licence or on parole
    • ", + "

    While on probation, you may have to:

    ", + "
  • do unpaid work
    • ", + "
  • complete an education or training course
    • ", + "
  • get treatment for addictions, like drugs or alcohol
    • ", + "
  • have regular meetings with an \u2018offender manager\u2019
    • ", + "

    Meetings with your offender manager

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re on probation you may have meetings with your offender manager. This will usually happen at your local probation office.

    ", + "

    At your first meeting your offender manager will explain:

    ", + "
  • the rules of your probation
    • ", + "
  • the dates, times and places of future meetings
    • ", + "
  • any appointments you must go to, for example training courses or treatment
    • ", + "
  • what happens if you do not do what you are asked
    • ", + "

    Your offender manager will ask you to read and agree to a \u2018sentence plan\u2019. This will tell you the rules you have to stick to during your probation and what your responsibilities are.

    ", + "

    What you must tell your offender manager

    ", + "

    You must tell your offender manager if:

    ", + "
  • you plan to change your name or address
    • ", + "
  • you will not be able to make any meetings you have arranged with them
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re having problems sticking to the rules of your probation
    • ", + "

    If you miss a scheduled meeting with your offender manager, you should get in touch and tell them why. You may need to provide proof, like a letter from a doctor or your employer.

    ", + "

    You are allowed to miss meetings or appointments to attend religious or other important events if you give your offender manager advance notice.

    ", + "

    If you break the rules of your probation

    ", + "

    You could go back to court if you break any rules of your probation. For example, if you:

    ", + "
  • do something your sentence bans you from doing
    • ", + "
  • commit another crime
    • ", + "
  • miss meetings and appointments without a good reason
    • ", + "
  • behave in an aggressive, racist or other unacceptable way at a meeting or appointment
    • ", + "

    You can also be taken back to prison if you break the conditions of your licence or parole.

    ", + "

    Being taken back to prison

    ", + "

    You can be taken straight back to prison if you have been released on licence or parole and you break the rules of your probation. This is known as a \u2018recall\u2019. Your offender manager will tell you why you\u2019ve been recalled.

    ", + "

    There are three types of recalls.

    ", + "

    Fixed-term recalls

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent back to prison for either:

    ", + "
  • 14 days - if your original sentence was less than 12 months
    • ", + "
  • 28 days - if your original sentence was 12 months or more
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019re released you\u2019ll be back on probation and licence until the end of your sentence.

    ", + "

    Standard recalls

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll go back to prison until the end of your sentence, unless a parole board or the Secretary of State for Justice decide to release you.

    ", + "

    Your case will be sent to a parole board automatically after 28 days. They will either release you straight away or set a date (within 1 year) when you can be released on licence.

    ", + "

    Your offender manager can also review your case at any time and recommend to the Secretary of State that you should be released.

    ", + "

    Indeterminate sentence recalls

    ", + "

    Your case will be sent to a parole board either:

    ", + "
  • 28 days after you go back to prison
    • ", + "
  • within 12 months of your last parole board review
    • ", + "

    The parole board will do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • release you on licence immediately
    • ", + "
  • set a date when you\u2019ll be released on licence
    • ", + "
  • keep you in prison
    • ", + "
  • ask you to attend a hearing
    • ", + "
  • delay making a decision about your sentence until they have more information
    • ", + "

    Ask to be released again on probation

    ", + "

    If you have been taken back to prison and think you should be released on probation again, ask the prison in writing. This is called \u2018making representations\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can also ask a family member, friend or legal adviser to write to the prison for you.

    ", + "

    You must do this within 2 weeks of being told why you are being recalled to prison.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "After a crime: your rights", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-after-crime", + "contents": [ + "

    Your rights

    ", + "

    You have the right to contact the police and be kept informed about the investigation if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • the victim of a crime
    • ", + "
  • a close relative of someone who died because of a crime - for example their partner, child or sibling
    • ", + "

    You have different rights if you\u2019re the victim of a crime in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    When you report the crime

    ", + "

    The police must give you:

    ", + "
  • written confirmation of the crime you\u2019ve reported
    • ", + "
  • a crime reference number
    • ", + "
  • contact details for the police officer dealing with your case
    • ", + "

    They must also:

    ", + "
  • tell you clearly what will happen next
    • ", + "
  • tell you how often they\u2019ll give you an update on their investigation
    • ", + "
  • carry out a \u2018needs assessment\u2019 to find out what support you should get
    • ", + "
  • ask a victim support organisation to contact you within 2 days
    • ", + "

    They must also ask if you want to write a statement about how the crime has affected you. This is called a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019. It can be used later when the court is deciding on a punishment.

    ", + "

    During the police investigation

    ", + "

    The police must give you updates on their investigation, and tell you within 5 days when a suspect is:

    ", + "
  • arrested or charged
    • ", + "
  • set free or released on bail
    • ", + "
  • given a caution, reprimand, final warning, or penalty notice
    • ", + "

    When the police have finished their investigation, they can pass the information to the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) who then decide if there\u2019s enough evidence to take the case to court.

    ", + "

    If the police or the CPS decide to drop the charge, they must tell you within 5 days. You can ask for a review if you disagree with their decision.

    ", + "

    Privacy

    ", + "

    The police might give some information about the crime to the media to help with the investigation. They\u2019ll normally ask your permission before they do this.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been the victim of a sexual assault or rape, it\u2019s against the law for anyone to publish your name, photo or anything else that could identify you.

    ", + "

    If the case goes to court

    ", + "

    Your local Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) must tell you immediately where and when the trial will be.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to give evidence, the police will pass your details to a Witness Care Officer who will support you before and during the trial.

    ", + "

    If the defendant is found guilty, you may be able to read your victim personal statement to them.

    ", + "

    After the trial ends, your Witness Care Officer must tell you:

    ", + "
  • the verdict - within 24 hours
    • ", + "
  • what sentence the offender gets - if they\u2019re found guilty
    • ", + "
  • if the offender appeals their conviction or sentence
    • ", + "

    You can also:

    ", + "
  • claim compensation - if the crime was violent
    • ", + "
  • get free help and advice from the Victims\u2019 Information Service or Victim Contact Scheme
    • ", + "
  • meet the offender (\u2018restorative justice\u2019) - contact your local victim support organisation to arrange this
    • ", + "

    If the crime was serious or you're vulnerable

    ", + "

    You may get extra support if you:

    ", + "
  • are the victim of a serious crime
    • ", + "
  • are under 18
    • ", + "
  • have a mental health condition or lack mental capacity
    • ", + "
  • have a disability
    • ", + "
  • are a close relative of someone who died because of a crime - for example their partner, child or sibling
    • ", + "
  • have been a victim of crime repeatedly - for example you\u2019re being targeted, harassed or stalked
    • ", + "

    Serious crimes

    ", + "

    You\u2019re the victim of a serious crime if it was:

    ", + "
  • arson with intent to endanger life
    • ", + "
  • attempted murder
    • ", + "
  • domestic abuse
    • ", + "
  • kidnapping or false imprisonment
    • ", + "
  • a hate crime
    • ", + "
  • human trafficking
    • ", + "
  • a sexual offence
    • ", + "
  • terrorism
    • ", + "
  • wounding or grievous bodily harm with intent
    • ", + "

    What support you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to:

    ", + "
  • get information quicker - usually within 24 hours
    • ", + "
  • protection in court if you need to give evidence
    • ", + "
  • specialist help and advice
    • ", + "
  • a Family Liaison Officer - if you\u2019re a close relative of the victim
    • ", + "

    Contact the police officer dealing with your case or your local Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) about getting this extra help.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    You can complain if you\u2019ve been:

    ", + "
  • treated unprofessionally, disrespectfully or insensitively
    • ", + "
  • discriminated against
    • ", + "

    The Victim\u2019s Code has full details of how the police, Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) and other organisations should treat you if you\u2019re the victim of crime.

    ", + "

    Make your complaint to the organisation you want to complain about. For example:

    ", + "
  • the police
    • ", + "
  • the CPS or your Witness Care Officer
    • ", + "
  • the court
    • ", + "

    The organisation must confirm they\u2019ve received your complaint within 10 days.

    ", + "

    If you do not agree with the decision

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman if you do not agree with the decision about your complaint.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claim compensation if you were the victim of a violent crime", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-compensation-criminal-injury", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might be able to claim compensation if you were the victim of a violent crime. This includes if:

    ", + "
  • you were injured
    • ", + "
  • a close relative died
    • ", + "
  • you saw the crime happen to a loved one (or were there immediately afterwards)
    • ", + "
  • you paid for the funeral of a person who died
    • ", + "

    You usually have to claim within 2 years of the crime. The crime must be reported to the police before you apply.

    ", + "

    It does not cost anything to apply.

    ", + "

    If you were injured trying to stop a crime

    ", + "

    You might also be able to claim compensation if you were taking a \u2018justified and exceptional\u2019 risk trying to stop a crime. For example somebody was in danger and it was not a situation that you were trained to deal with.

    ", + "

    Get practical and emotional support

    ", + "

    Visit Victim and Witness information if you\u2019re in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    Get support as a victim or witness of crime in Scotland.

    ", + "

    You can also get help and advice from your trade union.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    The crime must have happened in England, Wales or Scotland. It must be reported to the police.

    ", + "

    The process is different if the crime happened in Northern Ireland or in another country.

    ", + "

    When you can claim

    ", + "

    In most cases you must apply within 2 years of the crime happening.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim for a crime that happened more than 2 years ago if one or both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re claiming because of childhood sexual or physical abuse
    • ", + "
  • you could not claim earlier, for example because your mental or physical health stopped you
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to claim if the crime happened before 1 October 1979 and you lived with the attacker as a family member at the time of the incident. This was known as the \u2018same roof\u2019 rule and has changed.

    ", + "

    Your nationality

    ", + "

    You must have been one of the following when the crime happened:

    ", + "
  • a British citizen or EU or EEA national (or their close relative)
    • ", + "
  • a family member of an EU or EEA national who has the right to be in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a member of the armed forces (or you\u2019re a close relative living in their household)
    • ", + "
  • a potential victim of human trafficking on or before the date of your application - this must be confirmed by the UK Human Trafficking Centre and UK Visas and Immigration
    • ", + "
  • an asylum seeker
    • ", + "
  • a national of a country that has signed up to the Council of Europe Convention on the Compensation of Victim of Violent Crimes
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re also eligible if you were \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK at the time of the crime. This depends on your connection to the UK, for example if you were living, working or studying there (or you were the family member of someone who was).

    ", + "

    What you can get compensation for

    ", + "

    You can get compensation for:

    ", + "
  • physical injuries
    • ", + "
  • disabling mental injuries
    • ", + "
  • sexual or physical abuse
    • ", + "
  • the death of a close relative
    • ", + "
  • paying for someone\u2019s funeral
    • ", + "
  • loss of earnings and expenses
    • ", + "

    Disabling mental injuries

    ", + "

    A disabling mental injury is something that significantly affects your day-to-day performance at work or school, your relationships, or your sexual relationships. Mental injuries must be diagnosed by a psychiatrist or clinical psychologist.

    ", + "

    Loss of earnings and expenses

    ", + "

    You might get compensation for loss of earnings, or paid expenses to cover the cost of:

    ", + "
  • care, home adaptations or mobility aids
    • ", + "
  • damage to physical aids, such as dentures, walking sticks or glasses
    • ", + "

    You usually have to be unable to work or have very limited ability to work for 28 weeks or longer to be eligible.

    ", + "

    You will not be paid loss of earnings for the first 28 weeks you were unable to work.

    ", + "

    You must have been employed when the crime happened or for the 3 years immediately before it. If you were not employed, you might still be eligible if you could not work, for example because you were in full-time education, retired or caring for someone.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    You can claim for compensation online.

    ", + "

    If the crime happened between 1 August 1964 and 30 September 1979 and you lived with the attacker as a family member at the time of the incident, you can also request someone to call you to start your claim.

    ", + "

    When you make a claim to the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA), you may need to provide:

    ", + "
  • the date and location of the crime
    • ", + "
  • the name of the police station where the crime was reported
    • ", + "
  • your crime reference number
    • ", + "
  • your GP\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • your dentist\u2019s name and address (if you had dental treatment because of your injuries)
    • ", + "
  • details of any previous applications you\u2019ve made to CICA
    • ", + "
  • details of any unspent criminal convictions
    • ", + "

    If you deliberately provide information you know is wrong or misleading, you may be prosecuted and your application for compensation may be refused.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019ve tried to get compensation or other money you\u2019re entitled to, for example:

    ", + "
  • by claiming benefits
    • ", + "
  • through insurance payments
    • ", + "
  • from a civil court claim
    • ", + "
  • from a criminal court case (if the crime went to court)
    • ", + "

    You do not need to wait for the outcome of other claims before you apply.

    ", + "

    It does not cost anything to apply and you do not have to use a legal adviser.

    ", + "

    You cannot save your application and return to it later. The service will time out if you stop using it for 30 minutes or more.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    Help making your application

    ", + "

    Contact the CICA helpline if you need help because you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can ask a friend or relative to make an application on your behalf.

    ", + "

    General enquiries

    ", + "

    Email info@cica.gov.uk if you have a question about the claims process.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim the cost of using a legal adviser.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a reference number when you submit your claim. Use the reference number whenever you contact Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA) about your claim.

    ", + "

    Your claim will be assessed on:

    ", + "
  • the information you provided in your application
    • ", + "
  • information from the police, including the evidence you gave them
    • ", + "
  • your criminal record
    • ", + "
  • medical evidence (if it\u2019s needed)
    • ", + "

    CICA will contact you if they need more information and when they make a final decision.

    ", + "

    Medical evidence

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if you need to provide a medical report. It can cost up to \u00a350.

    ", + "

    Contact CICA if you need help getting or paying for the medical report.

    ", + "

    You might also need to attend a psychological assessment if you\u2019re claiming compensation for mental injuries.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using a legal adviser

    ", + "

    If you and your legal adviser disagree about how much money you owe them, you normally will not be paid your compensation in full until you resolve this.

    ", + "

    Disagreeing with a decision

    ", + "

    Write to CICA and ask them to review a decision if you disagree with it.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the outcome of CICA\u2019s review, you can appeal to the criminal injuries compensation tribunal.

    ", + "

    Update your claim

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account to finish your application.

    ", + "

    You need to contact Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA) if:

    ", + "
  • your contact or personal details change
    • ", + "
  • you stop using or change a legal adviser
    • ", + "
  • you get compensation or money from any other sources after you apply
    • ", + "

    If you applied by phone

    ", + "

    Call CICA to update your claim if you applied by phone.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your reference number.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim who lived with the attacker before 1 October 1979

    ", + "

    The deadline to apply for compensation was 13 June 2021 if you were a victim of violent crime and:

    ", + "
  • the crime happened between 1 August 1964 and 30 September 1979
    • ", + "
  • you lived with the attacker as a family member at the time of the incident (this was known as the \u2018same roof\u2019 rule)
    • ", + "

    Claims made after the deadline

    ", + "

    You may still be able to claim if you can show you were unable to apply before 13 June 2021 and you either:

    ", + "
  • were a child at the time of the crime
    • ", + "
  • could not apply earlier because of exceptional circumstances (you must provide enough evidence so your claim can be decided without further extensive enquiries)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve made a claim before

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve made a claim before but it was refused or reduced because of the \u2018same roof\u2019 rule you can reapply for compensation if you\u2019re eligible. The \u2018same roof\u2019 rule does not apply anymore.

    ", + "

    How to make a claim

    ", + "

    You can request someone to contact you about your claim. You\u2019ll need to give some information like your name and contact details.

    ", + "

    A caseworker will contact you within 2 working days or on the next available day you\u2019ve selected on the form.

    ", + "

    Request someone to contact you

    ", + "

    Other ways to apply

    ", + "

    You can make a claim online or on the phone by calling Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA). You can also call CICA to arrange a time for someone to take your claim over the phone.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Compensation after an accident or injury", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/compensation-after-accident-or-injury", + "contents": [ + "

    Write a letter, complain or try mediation

    ", + "

    You can get compensation by taking legal action, but it could cost you money and you may not win your case against the person or organisation to blame.

    ", + "

    Writing a letter or making a complaint

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s not a serious injury, you may be able to solve the issue by writing a letter or making a complaint - use the complaints procedure if there is one.

    ", + "

    Explain what went wrong and tell them how much compensation you want or how they can make up for the injury.

    ", + "

    Using mediation

    ", + "

    You may want to use a mediation service to negotiate a settlement.

    ", + "

    There is usually a fee, but it can be cheaper, quicker and easier than going to court.

    ", + "

    Check your insurance policies

    ", + "

    You may already have insurance to pay for legal costs.

    ", + "
  • check your insurance policies (like motor, home contents or holiday insurance policies) to see if they include \u2018legal expenses insurance\u2019
    • ", + "
  • check if you have legal cover as a member of a trade union, or an organisation like the RAC or the AA
    • ", + "

    Policies normally only cover you for some types of legal problem and have other terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    \u2018After the event\u2019 insurance

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not insured, you could take out insurance after the incident to protect yourself against a large legal bill.

    ", + "

    A solicitor can help you choose an \u2018after-the-event\u2019 insurance policy and may take it out on your behalf.

    ", + "

    If you win, you may be able to get some of the costs back from the losing side.

    ", + "

    Some insurance companies will not insure you if they think you\u2019re unlikely to succeed, and some policies are very expensive.

    ", + "

    Using a solicitor or a claims company

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t usually get legal aid for personal injury cases.

    ", + "

    A solicitor should advise you on costs before you agree to hire them.

    ", + "

    Get advice from Citizens Advice on what\u2019s involved in taking legal action and how much it will cost you.

    ", + "

    Claims companies

    ", + "

    Businesses known as claims companies can help you find a solicitor.

    ", + "

    Most claims handlers aren\u2019t solicitors, and so won\u2019t be able to represent you in court.

    ", + "

    Check that a claims company is authorised: business search.

    ", + "

    \u2018No win, no fee\u2019 deals

    ", + "

    If you use a \u2018no win, no fee\u2019 agreement, you will only have to pay the solicitor\u2019s fee if you win the case.

    ", + "

    You may still have to pay for some other costs, like:

    ", + "
  • fees to pay for experts
    • ", + "
  • court fees
    • ", + "
  • travelling expenses
    • ", + "

    If you lose, you will also have to pay for:

    ", + "
  • the other side\u2019s legal costs
    • ", + "
  • other expenses and charges, such as fees for witnesses
    • ", + "

    The solicitor may charge a fee for winning the case.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Criminal injuries compensation tribunal", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/criminal-injuries-compensation-tribunal", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Criminal Injuries Compensation) if you disagree with a decision by the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA) on your claim for compensation.

    ", + "

    You may want to appeal if you\u2019re refused compensation or unhappy with the amount.

    ", + "

    The tribunal can:

    ", + "
  • uphold CICA\u2019s decision
    • ", + "
  • increase or reduce your award
    • ", + "
  • decide you should not get anything
    • ", + "
  • ask CICA to make the decision again
    • ", + "

    You have 90 days to appeal to the tribunal from the date of CICA\u2019s review decision. Explain why you\u2019re late if you miss the deadline, for example if you\u2019re waiting for medical reports.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You can contact Victim and Witness Information to find local help and support.

    ", + "

    You can represent yourself at the tribunal. To get help and advice before you appeal you can find a solicitor.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the tribunal

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the appeal form giving reasons why you disagree with the the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority\u2019s (CICA\u2019s) decision.

    ", + "

    You must also provide:

    ", + "
  • the decision letter from CICA
    • ", + "
  • documents supporting your case, for example, medical records or evidence of loss of earnings
    • ", + "

    Send the form, decision letter and documents to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Call or email the tribunal helpline if you have any questions about completing the form. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The tribunal will send a copy of your appeal form to the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA). CICA will usually respond to you and the tribunal within 6 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have one month to get back to the tribunal with any extra information or arguments.

    ", + "

    How your appeal will be decided

    ", + "

    The tribunal will write to tell you if your appeal will be decided using either:

    ", + "
  • the paperwork in the case
    • ", + "
  • a hearing
    • ", + "

    You can ask the tribunal for a hearing if you\u2019re unhappy with not being given one.

    ", + "

    The tribunal judge\u2019s decision will be sent to you by post if your appeal is decided using paperwork.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given at least 14 days\u2019 notice of any hearing.

    ", + "

    Hearings

    ", + "

    The hearing will usually be held in the area covered by the police force which investigated the crime.

    ", + "

    The hearing will be attended by:

    ", + "
  • 2 or 3 tribunal judges or members
    • ", + "
  • a clerk
    • ", + "
  • a representative from CICA
    • ", + "
  • any witnesses
    • ", + "

    A police officer who knows about your case may also attend if they can help the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Offenders do not usually attend tribunal hearings.

    ", + "

    What happens at a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked questions about the crime and your injuries.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll present your case to the judge - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer friend or family member.

    ", + "

    Witnesses will come into the hearing room to give evidence - they\u2019ll leave after they\u2019ve done that.

    ", + "

    You or your representative can ask questions during the hearing, and can make points at the end.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the tribunal\u2019s decision on the day of the hearing.

    ", + "

    Expenses for going to the hearing

    ", + "

    The tribunal will send you information on how to claim expenses for going to the hearing, such as travel costs.

    ", + "

    If you lose your appeal

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no right of appeal but you may be able to ask for a \u2018judicial review\u2019 of the decision if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason. This means they may hear the case again.

    ", + "

    Contact a solicitor for legal advice if you\u2019re unsure.

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    Before applying for a judicial review:

    ", + "
  • write to the tribunal, saying why you think the decision was wrong
    • ", + "
  • ask for written reasons for its decision
    • ", + "

    You must do this within 1 month of the date of the decision.

    ", + "

    How to apply - England and Wales

    ", + "

    You must get permission from the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you live in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Fill in the judicial review claim form and return it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Find out more about appealing to the Upper Tribunal.

    ", + "

    How to apply - Scotland

    ", + "

    You must get permission from the Court of Session if you live in Scotland by using the application for leave to appeal form.

    ", + "

    Send the form to:

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    Search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme 2012.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008.

    ", + "

    Read the Practice Directions and Statements for more information.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get an injunction if you've been the victim of domestic abuse", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence", + "contents": [ + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018injunction\u2019 if you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic abuse. An injunction is a court order that either:

    ", + "
  • protects you or your child from being harmed or threatened by the person who\u2019s abused you - this is called a \u2018non-molestation order\u2019
    • ", + "
  • decides who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area - this is called an \u2018occupation order\u2019
    • ", + "

    The person named in the injunction can be arrested if they break it.

    ", + "

    Get advice on applying for an injunction from a charity, for example Refuge, Women\u2019s Aid, Citizens Advice or the Men\u2019s Advice Line.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get free legal representation.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in immediate danger of being abused or have been abused, report it to the police.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can use the RCJ Citizens Advice CourtNav service to prepare an injunction application online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • create an online account
    • ", + "
  • explain what happened to you
    • ", + "
  • include the name and address of the person who\u2019s abused you
    • ", + "

    As part of your application, you can choose a law firm to review it.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to get legal aid or pay for legal advice, your application can be sent back to a legal adviser at RCJ Citizens Advice to check for free.

    ", + "

    The legal adviser will tell you if you need to make a court application and how to submit one.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call. If you need a face-to-face hearing, you\u2019ll need to explain why in your application.

    ", + "

    Apply by email or post

    ", + "

    Follow these steps to apply for an injunction by email or post.

    ", + "
  • Check if you\u2019re eligible to apply for a non-molestation order or an occupation order.
    • ", + "
  • Download and fill in the application form (form FL401) and make 2 copies.
    • ", + "
  • Write your witness statement telling the court what has happened and asking for the relevant order.
    • ", + "
  • At the bottom of the witness statement write a statement of truth. Use the following words: \u201cI believe that the facts stated in this witness statement are true.\u201d Sign and date the statement of truth.
    • ", + "
  • Download and fill in form C8 if you want to keep your address and telephone number private.
    • ", + "
  • Email or send all the documents to a court which deals with domestic abuse cases - there\u2019s no fee.
    • ", + "

    Many courts are closed because of coronavirus. You\u2019ll need to check that the court is open and staffed before you send in your application.

    ", + "

    Emergency orders

    ", + "

    If you need protection immediately, ask for an emergency order when you apply. You do not have to tell the person you want protection from that you\u2019re applying so it\u2019s known as a \u2018without notice\u2019 or \u2018ex-parte\u2019 application.

    ", + "

    The court will hold a hearing which you must attend. It may issue an order at the hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still have to tell that person about your application after the order has been issued.

    ", + "

    An emergency order will usually last until your hearing.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 17 or under

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 16 you\u2019ll need permission to apply from the High Court.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 16 or 17 you\u2019ll need to appoint a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 to represent you in court \u2013 this is usually a parent, family member or close friend.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied you must arrange for the person you\u2019re applying to get an injunction against to be told about your application.

    ", + "

    Who can apply: non-molestation order

    ", + "

    You can usually apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the person you want to be protected from (\u2018the respondent\u2019) is:

    ", + "
  • someone you\u2019re having or have had a relationship with
    • ", + "
  • a family member
    • ", + "
  • someone you\u2019re living or have lived with
    • ", + "

    Check the following lists to make sure you can apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 16 you need permission from the High Court to apply.

    ", + "

    Husband, wife, civil partner or other relationship

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the respondent is your:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • former husband, former wife or former civil partner
    • ", + "
  • fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner
    • ", + "
  • former fianc\u00e9, former fianc\u00e9e or former proposed civil partner \u2013 if your engagement or agreement to form a civil partnership ended less than 3 years ago
    • ", + "
  • boyfriend, girlfriend, partner or a person you\u2019re in or have been in a relationship with for more than 6 months
    • ", + "

    If you were engaged to or had agreed to form a civil partnership with the respondent, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence, such as a ring or statement from a witness who attended a ceremony or celebration.

    ", + "

    Family member

    ", + "

    You can apply if the respondent is a close family member, for example a parent, brother, sister, aunt or uncle.

    ", + "

    People who have parental responsibility for your child or grandchild

    ", + "

    You can apply if you have a child or grandchild and the respondent is the child\u2019s parent or person you share parental responsibility with.

    ", + "

    If your child (or grandchild) has been adopted, you can also apply to get an injunction against their:

    ", + "
  • adoptive parent
    • ", + "
  • anyone who has applied to adopt them
    • ", + "
  • anyone the child has been placed with for adoption
    • ", + "

    You can also apply for an order against the child or grandchild if they\u2019ve been adopted.

    ", + "

    You can report anyone who abuses you to your neighbourhood police team.

    ", + "

    Who can apply: occupation order

    ", + "

    You can apply for an occupation order if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and meet the requirements. The order will say who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area.

    ", + "

    You can apply if:

    ", + "
  • you own or rent the home and it is, was, or was intended to be shared with a husband or wife, civil partner, cohabitant, family member, person you\u2019re engaged to or parent of your child
    • ", + "
  • you do not own or rent the home but you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership with the owner and you\u2019re living in the home (known as \u2018matrimonial home rights\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • your former husband, wife or civil partner is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared matrimonial home
    • ", + "
  • the person you cohabit or cohabited with is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared home
    • ", + "

    After you submit your application

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a document called a \u2018Notice of Proceedings\u2019 by the court. This tells you when your court hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    Telling people about your application

    ", + "

    The court will send you back a sealed copy of your application. You must arrange for the sealed copy and your witness statement to be \u2018served\u2019 on the person named in the application. This means making sure they get a copy of the documents in person.

    ", + "

    Your solicitor will do this if you\u2019re using one or you can ask the court to serve the documents for free.

    ", + "

    Do not serve the documents yourself.

    ", + "

    Your court hearing

    ", + "

    Your hearing will be held in private (sometimes called \u2018in chambers\u2019). In most cases only you and the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against, and any legal representatives, can attend. Read about what to expect when you go to a court hearing.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call.

    ", + "

    The court will provide an interpreter if you asked for one when you applied for the injunction. They can translate what happens during the hearing but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    Contact the court before the hearing if you need support or extra protection.

    ", + "

    The judge may make a decision without a hearing if, for example:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus
    • ", + "
  • the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against lives with you
    • ", + "

    This is called \u2018on paper\u2019.

    ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    At the end of the hearing the court will make one of the following decisions:

    ", + "
  • the person you\u2019ve applied for an injunction against must make an \u2018undertaking\u2019 (a promise) to do or not do something
    • ", + "
  • you must provide more information - the court may issue a short-term order (an \u2018interim order\u2019) to protect you while you get this information
    • ", + "
  • it will issue an order - when that ends they may hold another hearing to decide whether to renew the order
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a copy of the order if the court issues one. It will say what the respondent can and cannot do.

    ", + "

    If your order expires and you still want protection, you\u2019ll have to apply again.

    ", + "

    After the hearing

    ", + "

    You must arrange for the order to be \u2018served\u2019 on the respondent. This means making sure they get a copy of the order in person.

    ", + "

    If you have a solicitor, they will arrange for the documents to be served. If you do not have a solicitor you can:

    ", + "
  • ask the court to serve the documents - you will not need to pay for this
    • ", + "
  • hire a professional process server to serve the documents
    • ", + "

    Do not serve the documents yourself.

    ", + "

    The court will send the order and the statement of service to the officer in charge of your neighbourhood police station or the police station named in the court order.

    ", + "

    If the person named in your injunction does not follow the court order, you can call the police.

    ", + "

    Complaints and appeals

    ", + "

    You can complain to the court where you had the hearing if you\u2019re unhappy with the service they provided.

    ", + "

    You may be able to make an appeal about the decision if you think there\u2019s been a serious mistake. You\u2019ll have to get permission to make the appeal and there\u2019s usually a fee. Read the guidance on how to make an appeal.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Terrorism and national emergencies", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/terrorism-national-emergency", + "contents": [ + "

    Terrorism threat levels

    ", + "

    The threat level indicates the likelihood of a terrorist attack in the UK.

    ", + "

    National threat level

    ", + "

    The threat to the UK (England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland) from terrorism is substantial.

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland-related threat level

    ", + "

    The threat to Northern Ireland from Northern Ireland-related terrorism is severe.

    ", + "

    Threat levels

    ", + "

    There are 5 levels of threat:

    ", + "
  • low - an attack is highly unlikely
    • ", + "
  • moderate - an attack is possible but not likely
    • ", + "
  • substantial - an attack is likely
    • ", + "
  • severe - an attack is highly likely
    • ", + "
  • critical - an attack is highly likely in the near future
    • ", + "

    The level is set by the Joint Terrorism Analysis Centre and the Security Service (MI5).

    ", + "

    Threat levels do not have an expiry date. They can change at any time as different information becomes available.

    ", + "

    More information about terrorist threat levels

    ", + "

    Get more information about terrorism threat levels in the UK on the MI5 website.

    ", + "

    You can also check the government\u2019s travel advice for different countries.

    ", + "

    Counter-terrorism

    ", + "

    The Security Service (MI5) is responsible for protecting the UK against threats to national security.

    ", + "

    The Office for Security and Counter-Terrorism coordinates the government\u2019s response in case of a terrorist incident.

    ", + "

    Counter-terrorism laws are enforced by the police.

    ", + "

    Public safety

    ", + "

    The government will issue a warning to the public if that\u2019s the best way to protect a community or a place facing a specific threat.

    ", + "

    Reporting suspected terrorism

    ", + "

    If you suspect someone is involved in terrorism in any way:

    ", + "
  • call the police or report your suspicions to them online
    • ", + "
  • report suspicious activity to MI5
    • ", + "
  • report online terrorist material
    • ", + "

    You can remain anonymous.

    ", + "

    National emergencies

    ", + "

    National Risk Register

    ", + "

    The government regularly assesses the natural hazards and man-made threats that could affect the UK.

    ", + "

    These are published in the National Risk Register. This explains the likelihood of a risk occurring and possible effects of an emergency if it happens.

    ", + "

    Local and central government preparations

    ", + "

    Your local council, fire, police and ambulance services and other organisations take part in regular training exercises to prepare for emergencies.

    ", + "

    Find out how emergencies are planned for in your area.

    ", + "

    You can also read guidance for local councils on recovery after an emergency.

    ", + "

    There are also government plans to make sure essential services, like food, water, transport, health and financial services, keep working in the event of an emergency.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "What to do if your vehicle has been stolen", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-to-do-if-your-vehicle-has-been-stolen", + "contents": [ + "

    Report your vehicle as stolen

    ", + "

    Tell the police and your insurance company straight away if your vehicle has been stolen.

    ", + "

    Call your local police station

    ", + "

    Dial 101 and ask to be put through to your local police.

    ", + "

    Make sure you have your vehicle\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • registration number
    • ", + "
  • make and model
    • ", + "
  • colour
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a crime reference number. You\u2019ll need this when you call your insurance company.

    ", + "

    The police will tell DVLA about the theft and if the vehicle is found.

    ", + "

    Call your insurance company

    ", + "

    Your insurance company will tell you how to make an insurance claim.

    ", + "

    Tell DVLA if your insurance company pays out

    ", + "

    If your insurance company pays out a claim for your stolen vehicle, you must tell DVLA it\u2019s been sold to the insurance company.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle had a personalised registration number that you want to keep, you need to get it back before you tell DVLA that you no longer own your vehicle.

    ", + "

    You can tell DVLA online or fill in the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section of your vehicle log book. Send the perforated section to DVLA, with a letter saying when the payment was accepted and details of your insurance company.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give the remaining part of your log book to your insurance company.

    ", + "

    If your insurance company asks for the whole log book then you\u2019ll need to send a letter to DVLA including:

    ", + "
  • the details of your insurance company
    • ", + "
  • the date of the claim
    • ", + "
  • your registration number
    • ", + "
  • the make, model and colour of your vehicle
    • ", + "
  • your signature
    • ", + "

    Send your letter to:

    ", + "

    Get a vehicle tax refund

    ", + "

    Your vehicle tax will be cancelled by DVLA once you tell them you no longer own your vehicle. If you pay by Direct Debit, the Direct Debit will be cancelled automatically.

    ", + "

    You must apply for a refund instead if your vehicle had a personalised registration number that you want to keep.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically get a refund cheque for any full months left on your vehicle tax. The refund is calculated from the date DVLA gets your information. The cheque is sent to the name and address on the vehicle log book.

    ", + "

    You will not get a refund for:

    ", + "
  • any credit card fees
    • ", + "
  • the 5% surcharge on some Direct Debit payments
    • ", + "
  • the 10% surcharge on a single 6 month payment
    • ", + "

    If you had a private (personalised) registration number

    ", + "

    Apply to keep your private (personalised) registration number as soon as your vehicle is stolen.

    ", + "

    This means the number will stay in your name so you can assign it to another vehicle later.

    ", + "

    You must apply within 2 years and 6 months of telling DVLA your vehicle has been stolen.

    ", + "

    You can only get your private registration number back if:

    ", + "
  • you told the police about the theft
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle had a valid MOT certificate when it was stolen
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle had up-to-date vehicle tax when it was stolen
    • ", + "

    Apply to keep your registration number

    ", + "

    You can only apply by post. It costs \u00a380.

    ", + "

    You need to send all of the following to DVLA:

    ", + "
  • a V317 \u2018transfer or retain a vehicle registration number\u2019 form - the address is on the form
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C) or green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip with a completed V62 \u2018application for a vehicle registration certificate V5C\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the \u00a380 transfer fee
    • ", + "

    If you get your stolen vehicle back

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already applied to keep your private registration number, you can apply to put it on another vehicle straight away.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your vehicle is sold or scrapped.

    ", + "

    If you do not get your stolen vehicle back

    ", + "

    You must wait 6 months before you can transfer your private registration number to another vehicle. You can only do this by post.

    ", + "

    Tell DVLA you no longer own your vehicle

    ", + "

    After you get your private registration number back, you can tell DVLA that you no longer own your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Tell DVLA online or fill in the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section of your vehicle log book and send the perforated section to DVLA.

    ", + "

    Apply for a vehicle tax refund

    ", + "

    You will not automatically get a vehicle tax refund - you\u2019ll need to apply for one.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA to get form V33. Complete your form and send it to DVLA. You must include your crime reference number.

    ", + "

    Check that your name and address is correct on your log book - otherwise you will not receive the refund.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get your refund in 4 to 6 weeks.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Young people in custody", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/young-people-in-custody", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    People under 18 who are sentenced to custody are sent to secure centres for young people, not to adult prisons.

    ", + "

    Why young people are sent to custody

    ", + "

    A court can give a young person a custodial sentence if:

    ", + "
  • the crime is so serious there is no other suitable option
    • ", + "
  • the young person has committed crimes before
    • ", + "
  • the judge or magistrate thinks the young person is a risk to the public
    • ", + "

    A young person can also be sent to custody on remand.

    ", + "

    The Youth Justice Board decides which secure centre a young person will be sent to.

    ", + "

    They will choose somewhere that:

    ", + "
  • can deal with the young person\u2019s needs safely, eg if they have a health problem
    • ", + "
  • is suitable for their age, sex and background
    • ", + "
  • is as near to their home as possible
    • ", + "

    Arriving at custody

    ", + "

    The young person is interviewed by the reception officer as soon as they arrive.

    ", + "

    The reception officer uses this interview to make sure the young person is properly looked after, eg if they need any health care.

    ", + "

    Search

    ", + "

    The young person will have some of their belongings taken away, like their money and phone.

    ", + "

    They will also be searched to make sure they don\u2019t have things like drugs on them.

    ", + "

    Personal officer

    ", + "

    Within the first few days, the young person will meet their personal officer. This person is in charge of the young person\u2019s well-being for as long as they\u2019re in the secure centre.

    ", + "

    Find out more about the support that\u2019s available for a young person in custody.

    ", + "

    What custody is like for young people

    ", + "

    Time in custody is spent:

    ", + "
  • in lessons
    • ", + "
  • learning skills to get a job or to return to education
    • ", + "
  • taking part in programmes to improve behaviour
    • ", + "
  • participating in sport, fitness, and other activities
    • ", + "

    There are strict rules about what young people can and can\u2019t do, and they may have to go through alcohol or drug counselling.

    ", + "

    Types of secure centre

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of custody for young people:

    ", + "
  • young offender institutions
    • ", + "
  • secure training centres
    • ", + "
  • secure children\u2019s homes
    • ", + "

    Young offender institutions:

    ", + "
  • are run by the Prison Service and private companies
    • ", + "
  • are for people aged 15 to 21 (people under 18 are held in different buildings)
    • ", + "
  • house between 60 to 400 people, split into \u2018wings\u2019 of 30 to 60 people
    • ", + "

    Secure training centres:

    ", + "
  • are run by private companies
    • ", + "
  • are for people aged up to 17
    • ", + "
  • house between 50 and 80, split into units of 5 to 8 people
    • ", + "
  • give 30 hours of education and training a week, following a school day timetable
    • ", + "

    Secure children\u2019s homes:

    ", + "
  • run by local councils
    • ", + "
  • are for people aged 10 to 14
    • ", + "
  • house between 8 and 40 people
    • ", + "
  • give 30 hours of education and training a week, following a school day timetable
    • ", + "

    Visiting young people in custody

    ", + "

    You must arrange your visit first. Contact the secure centre to find out what you need to do.

    ", + "

    Who can visit

    ", + "

    Family members and friends can ask to visit. If you\u2019re under 18 you have to be accompanied by an adult.

    ", + "

    People whose job it is to support the young person, like a social worker or legal adviser, can visit them at any time.

    ", + "

    When you can visit

    ", + "

    Each centre will have specific times for visiting. They will tell you when these are, and you won\u2019t be allowed to visit outside of these times.

    ", + "

    How often you can visit

    ", + "

    Usually, you can visit a young person once a week if you are a family member or friend, but this can vary.

    ", + "

    How many people can visit

    ", + "

    Generally, 3 people are allowed at one time. If you want to bring more people, you will need to get permission first.

    ", + "

    Getting help with travel costs

    ", + "

    Family members can sometimes get help with the costs of visiting, such as train tickets or petrol.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for claiming money back depending on where you visit.

    ", + "

    Travel claims for visiting a young offender institution (YOI)

    ", + "

    You should contact the Prison Service to claim for a visit to a YOI.

    ", + "

    Travel claims for visiting a secure children\u2019s home

    ", + "

    You should contact the young person\u2019s youth offending team to claim for a visit to a secure children\u2019s home.

    ", + "

    The document \u2018AVS1 - Assisted visits scheme information for relatives\u2019 will give you information on this. You need to complete form AVS2.

    ", + "

    Travel claims for visiting a secure training centre (STC)

    ", + "

    Call the STC you\u2019re visiting on one of the following numbers. Ask for the STC monitor - they\u2019ll tell you how to make a claim and what it covers.

    ", + "
  • Oakhill: 01908 866 021
    • ", + "
  • Rainsbrook: 01788 528 806
    • ", + "
  • Medway: 01634 823 305
    • ", + "

    Find out about call charges.

    ", + "

    You may get help claiming the cost of a train journey before you travel. You can also\nclaim back the cost of your travel after your visit.

    ", + "

    You could get help with registered childminder costs if you have young children.

    ", + "

    If the young person is on remand

    ", + "

    Contact the young person\u2019s youth offending team, who can organise a visit.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t get help with your travel costs if the young person you\u2019re visiting is on remand.

    ", + "

    Advice and support

    ", + "

    For advice or support, a young person can speak to a member of staff, for example:

    ", + "
  • their personal officer
    • ", + "
  • a chaplain, social worker or teacher
    • ", + "
  • a doctor, nurse or other health worker
    • ", + "

    The personal officer is the person in charge of the young person\u2019s well-being.

    ", + "

    Chaplains provide support to everyone, whatever their faith. A young person can ask to speak to a chaplain of their own faith if they want.

    ", + "

    Support from the youth offending team

    ", + "

    Someone from the local youth offending team will stay in contact with the young person while they\u2019re in custody. The young person can get in touch with them whenever they need.

    ", + "

    Friends and family

    ", + "

    A young person will be able to contact their family regularly, and can arrange for them to visit.

    ", + "

    Advocacy services

    ", + "

    Young people can also speak to someone from an advocacy service.

    ", + "

    Advocacy services

    ", + "

    Advocacy services are run by children\u2019s charities and are confidential.

    ", + "

    A young person in custody can ask an advocacy service for help if they:

    ", + "
  • feel they can\u2019t speak for themselves
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t understand something
    • ", + "
  • can\u2019t make themselves understood
    • ", + "

    How to get in touch

    ", + "

    People from an advocacy service regularly visit secure centres so young people can meet them. Young people can also telephone them.

    ", + "

    Barnardo\u2019s\nTelephone: 0808 168 2694 \nFind out about call charges

    ", + "

    This number is for young people in young offender institutions (YOIs) or secure training centres (STCs). The phone number is different for young people in a secure children\u2019s home - they need to ask a member of staff for the number.

    ", + "

    Other people to call

    ", + "

    Young people and their families can also contact other organisations for help.

    ", + "

    Organisations that can help

    ", + "

    The Howard League might be able to offer legal advice and help to people under 18 in custody.

    ", + "

    The Prison Reform Trust and Nacro offer advice and support to young people and their families, but can\u2019t give legal advice.

    ", + "

    Find out about call charges.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Youth crime prevention programmes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/youth-crime-prevention-programmes", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    There are various prevention programmes that work to keep young people away from crime. They are run within local communities, and can involve parents and families.

    ", + "

    Young people are placed on these programmes if:

    ", + "
  • they have been in trouble with the police
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re \u2018at risk\u2019 of committing a crime
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re involved in anti-social behaviour
    • ", + "

    Attending one of these programmes is voluntary. The young person and their parents or carers have to be happy with everything before it starts.

    ", + "

    Many programmes are run by the council\u2019s local youth offending team or by other local organisations like youth charities.

    ", + "

    To find out about youth crime prevention programmes in your area, contact your local youth offending team.

    ", + "

    How young people are put on a programme

    ", + "

    Young people are usually sent - or \u2018referred\u2019 - to one of these programmes by the police or the youth offending team.

    ", + "

    However, they can also be referred by a teacher, social worker or parent.

    ", + "

    Assessment - making sure it\u2019s the right programme

    ", + "

    Before anything happens, the youth workers running the prevention programme will assess the young person to:

    ", + "
  • make sure a prevention programme will help
    • ", + "
  • decide which type of support will be most suitable
    • ", + "

    The young person will be involved in the assessment and will be asked questions about their life and background.

    ", + "

    What these programmes are and how they work

    ", + "

    Youth crime prevention programmes have different names and do different things, but they all involve activities to help keep young people away from crime. Young people can also learn new skills or get advice about school or jobs.

    ", + "

    Some are run in groups while others are for just one young person supervised by an adult.

    ", + "

    Two of the main prevention programmes are \u2018youth inclusion programmes\u2019 and \u2018youth inclusion and support panels\u2019, although there are many others.

    ", + "

    Youth inclusion programmes

    ", + "

    These are for 8 to 17 year-olds and usually last for set lengths of time, eg 6 months. Sometimes a young person can attend for longer if they need to, if they find the activities helpful.

    ", + "

    Youth inclusion and support panels

    ", + "

    These panels - made up of people like local youth or social workers - work with 8 to 13 year-olds to make sure they get access to local services that will help them stay out of trouble. These services could be things like getting extra help at school, or treatment for health or mental health problems.

    ", + "

    Both these programmes use something called an \u2018intervention plan\u2019 that everyone must agree on, including the young person and their family. This plan describes what the young person is expected to do, as well as what support the young person will get.

    ", + "

    Young people can also be mentored, and sometimes their families can also be involved.

    ", + "

    Mentoring

    ", + "

    A mentor is a specially trained volunteer who spends time helping someone.

    ", + "

    They can help a young person with things like:

    ", + "
  • doing better at school
    • ", + "
  • coping with bullying
    • ", + "
  • applying for jobs or colleges
    • ", + "

    Sometimes this personal help can be more effective than sending a young person on a group activity. A mentoring programme doesn\u2019t usually have a set time limit - a young person can be mentored for as long as is helpful.

    ", + "

    Mentors are not connected to the police or a school.

    ", + "

    Involving parents and families

    ", + "

    Usually, parents and families will be involved in helping a young person on a crime prevention programme. This could mean anything from attending classes with their child, to just making sure the young person does what they are asked.

    ", + "

    Parenting programmes

    ", + "

    If a young person gets into trouble with the law, their parents or carers might be asked to go on a parenting programme. Usually, they will be asked to attend voluntarily, but sometimes they will have to go.

    ", + "

    This can be part of a youth crime prevention programme, and sometimes it will be separate.

    ", + "

    How these programmes work will change from person to person, and will be planned in a way that\u2019s right for the young person and their family. They could involve:

    ", + "
  • improving parenting skills
    • ", + "
  • making sure nothing at home is causing the young person to commit crime
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Being arrested: your rights", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/arrested-your-rights", + "contents": [ + "

    When you're arrested

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re arrested, you\u2019ll usually be taken to a police station, held in custody in a cell and then questioned.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve been taken to a police station, you may be released or charged with a crime.

    ", + "

    The\u00a0law on being arrested is different in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Your rights in custody

    ", + "

    The custody officer at the police station must explain your rights. You have the right to:

    ", + "
  • get free legal advice
    • ", + "
  • tell someone where you are
    • ", + "
  • have medical help if you\u2019re feeling ill
    • ", + "
  • see the rules the police must follow (\u2018Codes of Practice\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • see a written notice telling you about your rights, eg regular breaks for food and to use the toilet (you can ask for a notice in your language) or an interpreter to explain the notice
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be searched and your possessions will be kept by the police custody officer while you\u2019re in the cell.

    ", + "

    Young people under 18 and vulnerable adults

    ", + "

    The police must try to contact your parent, guardian or carer if you\u2019re under 18 or a vulnerable adult.

    ", + "

    They must also find an \u2018appropriate adult\u2019 to come to the station to help you and be present during questioning and searching. An appropriate adult can be:

    ", + "
  • your parent, guardian or carer
    • ", + "
  • a social worker
    • ", + "
  • another family member or friend aged 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • a volunteer aged 18 or over
    • ", + "

    The National Appropriate Adult Network provides appropriate adult services in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    Your rights when being questioned

    ", + "

    The police may question you about the crime you\u2019re suspected of - this will be recorded. You don\u2019t have to answer the questions but there could be consequences if you don\u2019t. The police must explain this to you by reading you the police caution:

    ", + "

    \u201cYou do not have to say anything. But, it may harm your defence if you do not mention when questioned something which you later rely on in court. Anything you do say may be given in evidence.\u201d

    ", + "

    How long you can be held in custody

    ", + "

    The police can hold you for up to 24 hours before they have to charge you with a crime or release you.

    ", + "

    They can apply to hold you for up to 36 or 96 hours if you\u2019re suspected of a serious crime, eg murder.

    ", + "

    You can be held without charge for up to 14 days If you\u2019re arrested under the Terrorism Act.

    ", + "

    When you can be released on bail

    ", + "

    The police can release you on police bail if there\u2019s not enough evidence to charge you. You don\u2019t have to pay to be released on police bail, but you\u2019ll have to return to the station for further questioning when asked.

    ", + "

    You can be released on conditional bail if the police charge you and think that you may:

    ", + "
  • commit another offence
    • ", + "
  • fail to turn up at court
    • ", + "
  • intimidate other witnesses
    • ", + "
  • obstruct the course of justice
    • ", + "

    This means your freedom will be restricted in some way, eg they can impose a curfew on you if your offence was committed at night.

    ", + "

    Giving fingerprints, photographs and samples

    ", + "

    The police have the right to take photographs of you. They can also take fingerprints and a DNA sample (eg from a mouth swab or head hair root) from you as well as swab the skin surface of your hands and arms. They don\u2019t need your permission to do this.

    ", + "

    The police need both your permission and the authority of a senior police officer to take samples like blood or urine, or to take dental impressions.

    ", + "

    This doesn\u2019t apply when they take a blood or urine sample in connection with drink or drug driving.

    ", + "

    Information from fingerprints and samples is stored in a police database.

    ", + "

    You can find out if your information is stored on the police database by getting a copy of your police records from your local police station.

    ", + "

    You have to write to your local police (England, Wales and Northern Ireland) or local police (Scotland) to have your personal information removed from the police database.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll only do this if an offence no longer exists or if anything in the police process (eg how you were arrested or detained) was unlawful.

    ", + "

    Legal advice at the police station

    ", + "

    Your right to free legal advice

    ", + "

    You have the right to free legal advice (legal aid) if you\u2019re questioned at a police station. You can change your mind later if you turn it down.

    ", + "

    How you can get free legal advice

    ", + "

    You must be told about your right to free legal advice after you\u2019re arrested and before you\u2019re questioned at a police station. You can:

    ", + "
  • ask for the police station\u2019s \u2018duty solicitor\u2019 - they\u2019re available 24 hours a day and independent of the police
    • ", + "
  • tell the police you would like legal advice - the police will contact the Defence Solicitor Call Centre (DSCC)
    • ", + "
  • ask the police to contact a solicitor, eg your own one
    • ", + "

    You may be offered legal advice over the phone instead of a duty solicitor if you\u2019re suspected of having committed a less serious offence, eg being disorderly. The advice is free and independent of the police.

    ", + "

    Being questioned without legal advice

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve asked for legal advice, the police can\u2019t question you until you\u2019ve got it - with some exceptions.

    ", + "

    The police can make you wait for legal advice in serious cases, but only if a senior officer agrees.

    ", + "

    The longest you can be made to wait before getting legal advice is 36 hours after arriving at the police station (or 48 hours for suspected terrorism).

    ", + "

    You have the right to free legal advice if you are questioned by the police.

    ", + "

    Complaining about your treatment by the police

    ", + "

    Contact the police force you want to complain about if you\u2019re unhappy about how the police have treated you.

    ", + "

    Police forces must refer certain types of complaints to the Independent Office for Police Conduct (IOPC).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Being stopped by the police while driving", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stopped-by-police-while-driving-your-rights", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The police can stop a vehicle for any reason. If they ask you to stop, you should always pull over when it\u2019s safe to do so. You\u2019re breaking the law if you do not stop.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re stopped, the police can ask to see your:

    ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • insurance certificate
    • ", + "
  • MOT certificate
    • ", + "

    If you do not have these documents with you, you have 7 days to take them to a police station. You\u2019re breaking the law if you do not show the requested documents within 7 days.

    ", + "

    The police can also give you an on-the-spot fixed penalty notice for many minor offences and make you take a breath test in certain circumstances.

    ", + "

    You can also have your vehicle seized if you\u2019re stopped on suspicion of driving without insurance and for some other offences.

    ", + "

    Breath tests

    ", + "

    The police can stop you at any time and ask you to take a breath test (\u2018breathalyse\u2019 you) if:

    ", + "
  • they think you\u2019ve been drinking
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve committed a traffic offence
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been involved in a road traffic accident
    • ", + "

    If you refuse to take a breath test, or fail to supply a sample of breath and do not have a \u2018reasonable excuse\u2019, you can be arrested. A reasonable excuse could be a genuine physical or mental condition stopping you from giving a sample.

    ", + "

    The breath test gives a result straight away. If it shows you\u2019re not over the drink drive limit, you may be allowed to go.

    ", + "

    If you fail the breath test, you\u2019ll be taken to a police station and given a final breath test. If it\u2019s positive, you will be charged.

    ", + "

    If the officer thinks you\u2019re under the influence of alcohol or drugs, they can ask you to:

    ", + "
  • take a drug test
    • ", + "
  • do a physical test (a \u2018field impairment test\u2019), for example walk in a straight line then turn around and walk back
    • ", + "

    You can be arrested if you fail the test.

    ", + "

    If you fail a breath test you cannot drive your car until you\u2019re sober. You can ask someone else to collect your car for you.

    ", + "

    Minor motoring offences

    ", + "

    The police can give you a \u2018fixed penalty notice\u2019 for less serious traffic offences, including for:

    ", + "
  • careless or inconsiderate driving
    • ", + "
  • using a mobile phone while driving
    • ", + "
  • not wearing a seat belt
    • ", + "
  • driving too close to another vehicle
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a3200 and get penalty points on your licence if you get a fixed penalty notice - you may be disqualified from driving if you build up 12 points within 3 years.

    ", + "

    The police can also decide to:

    ", + "
  • take no action
    • ", + "
  • issue a warning
    • ", + "
  • offer driver training
    • ", + "
  • charge you with an offence
    • ", + "

    You can choose not to pay the fixed penalty if you believe that it was given unjustly, but you\u2019ll have to argue your case in court.

    ", + "

    Faults with your vehicle

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has something wrong with it, for example a broken brake light, the police may give you a \u2018vehicle defect rectification notice\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get your vehicle fixed and provide proof that it\u2019s been fixed, for example a receipt for the work from a mechanic. You have 14 days from the date of the notice to show the proof to the police.

    ", + "

    When the police can seize your vehicle

    ", + "

    The police can seize a vehicle if they think it\u2019s being used in a way that causes alarm, harassment or distress, for example careless or inconsiderate driving.

    ", + "

    They can also seize a vehicle if they think it\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • being driven by someone who does not have a proper licence or insurance
    • ", + "
  • dangerously, illegally or obstructively parked
    • ", + "
  • broken-down or abandoned
    • ", + "

    If your vehicle is seized there\u2019s a \u2018release fee\u2019 of up to \u00a3200 plus a storage fee of \u00a320 for every day or part day.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Data protection", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/data-protection", + "contents": [ + "

    The Data Protection Act

    ", + "

    The Data Protection Act 2018 controls how your personal information is used by organisations, businesses or the government.

    ", + "

    The Data Protection Act 2018 is the UK\u2019s implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).

    ", + "

    Everyone responsible for using personal data has to follow strict rules called \u2018data protection principles\u2019. They must make sure the information is:

    ", + "
  • used fairly, lawfully and transparently
    • ", + "
  • used for specified, explicit purposes
    • ", + "
  • used in a way that is adequate, relevant and limited to only what is necessary
    • ", + "
  • accurate and, where necessary, kept up to date
    • ", + "
  • kept for no longer than is necessary
    • ", + "
  • handled in a way that ensures appropriate security, including protection against unlawful or unauthorised processing, access, loss, destruction or damage
    • ", + "

    There is stronger legal protection for more sensitive information, such as:

    ", + "
  • race
    • ", + "
  • ethnic background
    • ", + "
  • political opinions
    • ", + "
  • religious beliefs
    • ", + "
  • trade union membership
    • ", + "
  • genetics
    • ", + "
  • biometrics (where used for identification)
    • ", + "
  • health
    • ", + "
  • sex life or orientation
    • ", + "

    There are separate safeguards for personal data relating to criminal convictions and offences.

    ", + "

    Your rights

    ", + "

    Under the Data Protection Act 2018, you have the right to find out what information the government and other organisations store about you. These include the right to:

    ", + "
  • be informed about how your data is being used
    • ", + "
  • access personal data
    • ", + "
  • have incorrect data updated
    • ", + "
  • have data erased
    • ", + "
  • stop or restrict the processing of your data
    • ", + "
  • data portability (allowing you to get and reuse your data for different services)
    • ", + "
  • object to how your data is processed in certain circumstances
    • ", + "

    You also have rights when an organisation is using your personal data for:

    ", + "
  • automated decision-making processes (without human involvement)
    • ", + "
  • profiling, for example to predict your behaviour or interests
    • ", + "

    Find out what data an organisation has about you

    ", + "

    Write to an organisation to ask for a copy of the information they hold about you.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s a public organisation, write to their Data Protection Officer (DPO). Their details should be on the organisation\u2019s privacy notice.

    ", + "

    If the organisation has no DPO, or you do not know who to write to, address your letter to the company secretary.

    ", + "

    How long it should take

    ", + "

    The organisation must give you a copy of the data they hold about you as soon as possible, and within 1 month at most.

    ", + "

    In certain circumstances, for example particularly complex or multiple requests, the organisation can take a further 2 months to provide data. In this case, they must tell you:

    ", + "
  • within 1 month of your request
    • ", + "
  • why there\u2019s a delay
    • ", + "

    When information can be withheld

    ", + "

    There are some situations when organisations are allowed to withhold information, for example if the information is about:

    ", + "
  • the prevention, detection or investigation of a crime
    • ", + "
  • national security or the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • the assessment or collection of tax
    • ", + "
  • judicial or ministerial appointments
    • ", + "

    An organisation does not have to say why they\u2019re withholding information.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    Requests for information are usually free. However, organisations can charge an administrative cost in some circumstances, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re asking for a large amount of information
    • ", + "
  • your request will take a lot of time and effort to process
    • ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    If you think your data has been misused or that the organisation holding it has not kept it secure, you should contact them and tell them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with their response or if you need any advice you should contact the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO).

    ", + "

    You can also chat online with an advisor.

    ", + "

    The ICO can investigate your claim and take action against anyone who\u2019s misused personal data.

    ", + "

    You can also visit their website for information on how to make a data protection complaint.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Disability rights", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rights-disabled-person", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As a disabled person, you have rights to protect you from discrimination. These rights cover most areas including:

    ", + "
  • employment
    • ", + "
  • education
    • ", + "
  • dealing with the police
    • ", + "

    The Equality Act 2010 and the United Nations (UN) Convention on disability rights help to enforce, protect and promote your rights.

    ", + "

    Employment

    ", + "

    It\u2019s against the law for employers to discriminate against you because of a disability. The Equality Act 2010 protects you and covers areas including:

    ", + "
  • application forms
    • ", + "
  • interview arrangements
    • ", + "
  • aptitude or proficiency tests
    • ", + "
  • job offers
    • ", + "
  • terms of employment, including pay
    • ", + "
  • promotion, transfer and training opportunities
    • ", + "
  • dismissal or redundancy
    • ", + "
  • discipline and grievances
    • ", + "

    Reasonable adjustments in the workplace

    ", + "

    An employer has to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to avoid you being put at a disadvantage compared to non-disabled people in the workplace. For example, adjusting your working hours or providing you with a special piece of equipment to help you do the job.

    ", + "

    Recruitment

    ", + "

    An employer who\u2019s recruiting staff may make limited enquiries about your health or disability.

    ", + "

    You can only be asked about your health or disability:

    ", + "
  • to help decide if you can carry out a task that is an essential part of the work
    • ", + "
  • to help find out if you can take part in an interview
    • ", + "
  • to help decide if the interviewers need to make reasonable adjustments for you in a selection process
    • ", + "
  • to help monitoring
    • ", + "
  • if they want to increase the number of disabled people they employ
    • ", + "
  • if they need to know for the purposes of national security checks
    • ", + "

    You may be asked whether you have a health condition or disability on an application form or in an interview. You need to think about whether the question is one that is allowed to be asked at that stage of recruitment.

    ", + "

    Redundancy and retirement

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t be chosen for redundancy just because you\u2019re disabled. The selection process for redundancy must be fair and balanced for all employees.

    ", + "

    Your employer cannot force you to retire if you become disabled.

    ", + "

    Education

    ", + "

    It\u2019s against the law for a school or other education provider to treat disabled students unfavourably. This includes:

    ", + "
  • direct discrimination, for example refusing admission to a student or excluding them because of disability
    • ", + "
  • indirect discrimination, for example only providing application forms in one format that may not be accessible
    • ", + "
  • discrimination arising from a disability, for example a disabled pupil is prevented from going outside at break time because it takes too long to get there
    • ", + "
  • harassment, for example a teacher shouts at a disabled student for not paying attention when the student\u2019s disability stops them from easily concentrating
    • ", + "
  • victimisation, for example suspending a disabled student because they\u2019ve complained about harassment
    • ", + "

    Reasonable adjustments

    ", + "

    An education provider has a duty to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to make sure disabled students are not discriminated against. These changes could include providing extra support and aids (like specialist teachers or equipment).

    ", + "

    Schools are not subject to the reasonable adjustment duty to make alterations to physical features, like adding ramps. They must make the buildings accessible for their disabled pupils as part of their overall planning duties.

    ", + "

    Special educational needs and disabilities (SEND)

    ", + "

    All publicly funded pre-schools, nurseries, state schools and local authorities must try to identify and help assess children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND).

    ", + "

    If a child has an an education, health and care (EHC) plan or a statement of special educational needs, these must be reviewed annually. From year 9 the child will get a full review to understand what support they will need to prepare them for adulthood.

    ", + "

    Higher education

    ", + "

    All universities and higher education colleges should have a person in charge of disability issues that you can talk to about the support they offer.

    ", + "

    You can also ask local social services for an assessment to help with your day-to-day living needs.

    ", + "

    Police

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re being questioned or interviewed at a police station you have certain rights depending on your impairment.

    ", + "

    Deaf, hearing-impaired or speech difficulties

    ", + "

    The police should arrange for an interpreter to be present with you. The police can interview you without an interpreter if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.

    ", + "

    Learning disabilities

    ", + "

    The police should only interview someone who has a learning disability when a responsible person (referred to as an \u2018appropriate adult\u2019) is present. The appropriate adult should not work for the police and should have experience of people with learning disabilities. The police can interview you without an appropriate adult if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.

    ", + "

    Right to medical treatment

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re being kept in a police cell, you have the right to a medical examination by a healthcare worker. A healthcare worker may be a paramedic, nurse or a police surgeon (sometimes referred to as a \u2018Forensic Medical Examiner\u2019).

    ", + "

    If you do not want to be examined by the healthcare worker provided, you could be examined by a general practitioner (GP) that you choose - if they\u2019re available. You may have to pay for this, and this payment will be noted down.

    ", + "

    The Equality Act 2010 and UN Convention

    ", + "

    The Equality Act 2010 protects you from discrimination. It provides legal rights for you in the areas of:

    ", + "
  • employment
    • ", + "
  • education
    • ", + "
  • access to goods, services and facilities
    • ", + "
  • buying and renting land or property
    • ", + "

    The Equality Act 2010 also protects your rights if you have an association with a disabled person, for example a carer or parent.

    ", + "

    Get more information about the Equality Act 2010.

    ", + "

    United Nations (UN) Convention on disability rights

    ", + "

    The UN Convention on disability rights has been agreed by the UK to protect and promote the rights of disabled people.

    ", + "

    Get more information about the UN Convention on disability rights from the Office for Disability Issues.

    ", + "

    Further help and advice

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs if you think you\u2019ve been discriminated against. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You can get advice and information on your rights from:

    ", + "
  • Equality Advisory Support Service
    • ", + "
  • Disability Rights UK
    • ", + "
  • Advicenow
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Discrimination: your rights", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/discrimination-your-rights", + "contents": [ + "

    Types of discrimination ('protected characteristics')

    ", + "

    It is against the law to discriminate against anyone because of:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • gender reassignment
    • ", + "
  • being married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • being pregnant or on maternity leave
    • ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • race including colour, nationality, ethnic or national origin
    • ", + "
  • religion or belief
    • ", + "
  • sex
    • ", + "
  • sexual orientation
    • ", + "

    These are called \u2018protected characteristics\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re protected from discrimination:

    ", + "
  • at work
    • ", + "
  • in education
    • ", + "
  • as a consumer
    • ", + "
  • when using public services
    • ", + "
  • when buying or renting property
    • ", + "
  • as a member or guest of a private club or association
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re legally protected from discrimination by the Equality Act 2010.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also protected from discrimination if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re associated with someone who has a protected characteristic, for example a family member or friend
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve complained about discrimination or supported someone else\u2019s claim
    • ", + "

    Action against discrimination

    ", + "

    You can do something voluntarily to help people with a protected characteristic. This is called \u2018positive action\u2019.

    ", + "

    Taking positive action is legal if people with a protected characteristic:

    ", + "
  • are at a disadvantage
    • ", + "
  • have particular needs
    • ", + "
  • are under-represented in an activity or type of work
    • ", + "

    How you can be discriminated against

    ", + "

    Discrimination can come in one of the following forms:

    ", + "
  • direct discrimination - treating someone with a protected characteristic less favourably than others
    • ", + "
  • indirect discrimination - putting rules or arrangements in place that apply to everyone, but that put someone with a protected characteristic at an unfair disadvantage
    • ", + "
  • harassment - unwanted behaviour linked to a protected characteristic that violates someone\u2019s dignity or creates an offensive environment for them
    • ", + "
  • victimisation - treating someone unfairly because they\u2019ve complained about discrimination or harassment
    • ", + "

    It can be lawful to have specific rules or arrangements in place, as long as they can be justified.

    ", + "

    Discrimination at work

    ", + "

    The law protects you against discrimination at work, including:

    ", + "
  • dismissal
    • ", + "
  • employment terms and conditions
    • ", + "
  • pay and benefits
    • ", + "
  • promotion and transfer opportunities
    • ", + "
  • training
    • ", + "
  • recruitment
    • ", + "
  • redundancy
    • ", + "

    Some forms of discrimination are only allowed if they\u2019re needed for the way the organisation works, for example:

    ", + "
  • a Roman Catholic school restricting applications for admission of pupils to Catholics only
    • ", + "
  • employing only women in a health centre for Muslim women
    • ", + "

    Disability

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled you have the same rights as other workers. Employers should also make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to help disabled employees and job applicants with:

    ", + "
  • application forms, for example providing forms in Braille or audio formats
    • ", + "
  • aptitude tests, for example giving extra time to complete the tests
    • ", + "
  • dismissal or redundancy
    • ", + "
  • discipline and grievances
    • ", + "
  • interview arrangements, such as providing wheelchair access, communicator support
    • ", + "
  • making sure the workplace has the right facilities and equipment for disabled workers or someone offered a job
    • ", + "
  • promotion, transfer and training opportunities
    • ", + "
  • terms of employment, including pay
    • ", + "
  • work-related benefits like access to recreation or refreshment facilities
    • ", + "

    What you can do

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re discriminated against at work there are ways to deal with it.

    ", + "

    Employers have to follow the law on preventing discrimination at work.

    ", + "

    Other types of unfair treatment

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also protected from being treated unfairly because of:

    ", + "
  • trade union membership or non-membership
    • ", + "
  • being a fixed-term or part-time worker
    • ", + "

    What you can do

    ", + "

    If you think you\u2019ve been unfairly discriminated against you can:

    ", + "
  • complain directly to the person or organisation
    • ", + "
  • use someone else to help you sort it out (called \u2018mediation\u2019 or \u2018alternative dispute resolution\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • make a claim in a court or tribunal
    • ", + "

    Contact the Equality Advisory Support Service for help and advice.

    ", + "

    Discrimination at work

    ", + "

    Employees should talk to their employer first to try and sort out the problem informally. You may also want to read about workplace disputes.

    ", + "

    If things cannot be sorted out informally, talk to Acas, Citizens Advice or a trade union representative.

    ", + "

    You might be able to take a claim to an employment tribunal for discrimination.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs if you think you\u2019ve been discriminated against. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Employers must follow the law on preventing discrimination at work.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "How to make a freedom of information (FOI) request", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-freedom-of-information-request", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You have the right to ask to see recorded information held by public authorities.

    ", + "

    The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act (FOISA) give you the right to see information.

    ", + "

    If you ask for environmental information, your request will be handled under the Environmental Regulations (EIRs) or Environmental Information (Scotland) Regulations (EISRs).

    ", + "

    Environmental information includes things like carbon emissions or the environment\u2019s effect on human health.

    ", + "

    You do not need to tell the organisation which law or regulations you\u2019re making your request under.

    ", + "

    Personal information

    ", + "

    There is a different way to make a request if you want information that an organisation holds about you. This includes things like your health records or credit reference files.

    ", + "

    Organisations you can ask for information

    ", + "

    You can request information from some public authorities, such as:

    ", + "
  • government departments, devolved administrations, other public bodies and committees
    • ", + "
  • local councils
    • ", + "
  • schools, colleges and universities
    • ", + "
  • the NHS - including hospitals, GPs, dentists, pharmacists and opticians
    • ", + "
  • publicly owned companies
    • ", + "
  • publicly funded museums, galleries and theatres
    • ", + "
  • the police and fire services
    • ", + "
  • registered social landlords in Scotland
    • ", + "

    You can make an environmental information request to private or public companies that have public responsibilities - like water companies.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure if the organisation is one you can make a request to, check with the information commissioner for:

    ", + "
  • Scottish public authorities - you can search on the Scottish Information Commissioner\u2019s website
    • ", + "
  • England, Wales or Northern Ireland and organisations that cover the whole of the UK - contact the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office
    • ", + "

    How to make an FOI request

    ", + "

    You must make a Freedom of Information (FOI) request in writing. You can do it by:

    ", + "
  • letter
    • ", + "
  • email
    • ", + "
  • social media
    • ", + "
  • online form - check the organisation\u2019s website or the government department\u2019s page to see if they have an online form
    • ", + "
  • fax
    • ", + "

    If you cannot make your request in writing because of a disability, contact the public authority. They should help you to make the request another way - for example over the phone.

    ", + "

    You can ask for environmental information in writing, in person or by phone.

    ", + "

    Before you make a request

    ", + "

    You might not need to make a Freedom of Information (FOI) request if the organisation has:

    ", + "
  • already published the information
    • ", + "
  • previously responded to an FOI request
    • ", + "

    Check their website for responses to previous FOI requests. This is sometimes known as a \u2018disclosure log\u2019. You can search for published responses to FOI requests from government departments, agencies and arms length bodies.

    ", + "

    You can also email or phone the organisation to ask if they\u2019ve already published the information or responded to an FOI request.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    You should give:

    ", + "
  • your name (not needed if you\u2019re asking for environmental information)
    • ", + "
  • a contact postal or email address
    • ", + "
  • a detailed description of the information you want - for example, you might want all information held on a subject, or just a summary
    • ", + "

    You can ask for information in a particular format, such as:

    ", + "
  • paper or electronic copies of information
    • ", + "
  • audio format
    • ", + "
  • large print
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019ll get a response

    ", + "

    The organisation should send you the information within 20 working days of receiving your request. Some schools are allowed more time during school holidays.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, you should allow 6 extra days if you send your request by post.

    ", + "

    The organisation will tell you when to expect the information if they need more time.

    ", + "

    When your information will be shared

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve sent an FOI request to several government departments, they may share your name and request between them. This is to help deal with your enquiry more effectively.

    ", + "

    No other details will be shared and your information will not be used for any other purpose.

    ", + "

    Costs

    ", + "

    Most requests are free but you might be asked to pay a small amount for photocopies or postage. The organisation will tell you if you have to pay anything.

    ", + "

    Check the copyright status of information you receive if you plan to reproduce it.

    ", + "

    If your request is turned down

    ", + "

    Some sensitive information is not available to members of the public. If this applies, an organisation must tell you why they cannot give you some or all of the information you requested.

    ", + "

    They might ask you to be more specific so they can provide just the information you need.

    ", + "

    An organisation can also refuse your Freedom of Information (FOI) request if getting information will cost more than \u00a3450, or \u00a3600 if the organisation is:

    ", + "
  • a government department, Parliament or part of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • the Northern Ireland Assembly or the Welsh Assembly
    • ", + "
  • based in Scotland
    • ", + "

    An organisation can refuse your request for environmental information, if they think the cost of getting the information is too high.

    ", + "

    Reviews and complaints

    ", + "

    If an organisation does not provide you with the information you requested, you should first ask them to review their decision.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not satisfied with the organisation\u2019s response, you can complain or appeal to the information commissioner for:

    ", + "
  • England, Wales or Northern Ireland and organisations that cover the whole of the UK - complain to the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office
    • ", + "
  • Scottish public authorities - make an appeal to the Scottish Information Commissioner
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for adults", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dla-disability-living-allowance-benefit", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance (DLA) is being replaced by Personal Independence Payment (PIP) for disabled people.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for DLA if you\u2019re under 16. You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • PIP if you\u2019re aged 16 or over and have not reached State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance if you\u2019re State Pension age or older and do not get DLA
    • ", + "

    If you already get DLA, your claim might end. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you when this will happen and how you can apply for PIP.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you already get DLA

    ", + "

    If you were born on or before 8 April 1948, you\u2019ll continue to get Disability Living Allowance (DLA) as long as you\u2019re eligible for it.

    ", + "

    If you were born after 8 April 1948, your DLA will end. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you when that will happen. You\u2019ll continue to get DLA until that date.

    ", + "

    Unless your circumstances change, you do not need to do anything until you get this letter.

    ", + "

    If your DLA claim is ending

    ", + "

    If your DLA is ending, you\u2019ll get a letter inviting you to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP). If you do apply, you\u2019ll need to do it within 28 days.

    ", + "

    DLA will continue to be paid until at least 28 days after a decision is made about your PIP application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for PIP, you\u2019ll start getting PIP payments as soon as your DLA payments end.

    ", + "

    Change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You must contact the Disability Service Centre if your circumstances change, as this may affect how much DLA you get. For example:

    ", + "
  • the level of help you need or your condition changes
    • ", + "
  • you go into hospital or a care home for more than 4 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you go abroad for more than 13 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re imprisoned or held in detention
    • ", + "

    You must also contact the centre if:

    ", + "
  • you change your name, address or bank details
    • ", + "
  • you want to stop receiving your benefit
    • ", + "
  • your doctor\u2019s details change
    • ", + "

    You may be asked to claim Personal Independence Payment (PIP) after you report a change to your circumstances.

    ", + "

    You could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your DLA claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    DLA rates

    ", + "

    You can no longer apply for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) if you\u2019re 16 or over. You might be able to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) instead.

    ", + "

    DLA is made up of 2 components (parts), the \u2018care component\u2019 and the \u2018mobility component\u2019. To get DLA you must be eligible for at least one of the components.

    ", + "

    How much DLA you get depends on how your disability or health condition affects you.

    ", + "

    If you need help looking after yourself

    ", + "

    You might get the care component of DLA if you:

    ", + "
  • need help with things like washing, dressing, eating, using the toilet or communicating your needs
    • ", + "
  • need supervision to avoid putting yourself or others in danger
    • ", + "
  • need someone with you when you\u2019re on dialysis
    • ", + "
  • cannot prepare a cooked main meal
    • ", + "

    You can get this part if no one is actually giving you the care you need, or you live alone.

    ", + "Care component | Weekly rate | Level of help you need", + "Lowest | \u00a323.70 | Help for some of the day or with preparing cooked meals", + "Middle | \u00a360.00 | Frequent help or constant supervision during the day, supervision at night or someone to help you while on dialysis", + "Highest | \u00a389.60 | Help or supervision throughout both day and night, or you\u2019re terminally ill", + "

    If you get DLA and Constant Attendance Allowance, the care component of your DLA will be reduced by the amount of Constant Attendance Allowance you get.

    ", + "

    If you have walking difficulties

    ", + "

    You might get the mobility component of DLA if, when using your normal aid, you:

    ", + "
  • cannot walk
    • ", + "
  • can only walk a short distance without severe discomfort
    • ", + "
  • could become very ill if you try to walk
    • ", + "

    You might also get it if you:

    ", + "
  • have no feet or legs
    • ", + "
  • are assessed as 100% blind and at least 80% deaf and you need someone with you when outdoors
    • ", + "
  • are severely mentally impaired with severe behavioural problems and get the highest rate of care for DLA
    • ", + "
  • need supervision most of the time when walking outdoors
    • ", + "
  • are certified as severely sight impaired and you were aged between 3 and 64 on 11 April 2011
    • ", + "Mobility component | Weekly rate | Level of help you need", + "Lower | \u00a323.70 | Guidance or supervision outdoors", + "Higher | \u00a362.55 | You have any other, more severe, walking difficulty", + "

    You must contact the Disability Service Centre if your circumstances change, for example your condition improves or you need more help.

    ", + "

    Assessments

    ", + "

    You might get a letter saying you need to attend an assessment to check the level of help you need. The letter explains why, and where you must go. Your benefit may be stopped if you do not go.

    ", + "

    At the assessment, you\u2019ll be asked for identification. You can use a passport or any 3 of the following:

    ", + "
  • birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • a full driving licence
    • ", + "
  • life assurance policy
    • ", + "
  • bank statements
    • ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    DLA is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Wednesday.

    ", + "

    If your payment date is on a bank holiday, you will usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Extra help

    ", + "

    You could get extra benefits if you get Disability Living Allowance - check with the Disability Service Centre or the office dealing with your benefit.

    ", + "

    If your disability or health condition stops you from working and you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit, you could get an extra amount on top of your Universal Credit standard allowance.

    ", + "

    If you get DLA and you work, you might also be able to get the disability element of Working Tax Credit (up to \u00a33,220 a year, or up to \u00a34,610 if your disability is severe). Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to find out.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Medical conditions, disabilities and driving", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-medical-conditions", + "contents": [ + "

    Telling DVLA about a medical condition or disability

    ", + "

    You must tell DVLA if you have a driving licence and:

    ", + "
  • you develop a \u2018notifiable\u2019 medical condition or disability
    • ", + "
  • a condition or disability has got worse since you got your licence
    • ", + "

    Notifiable conditions are anything that could affect your ability to drive safely. They can include:

    ", + "
  • diabetes or taking insulin
    • ", + "
  • syncope (fainting)
    • ", + "
  • heart conditions (including atrial fibrillation and pacemakers)
    • ", + "
  • sleep apnoea
    • ", + "
  • epilepsy
    • ", + "
  • strokes
    • ", + "
  • glaucoma
    • ", + "

    How to tell DVLA

    ", + "

    Check if you need to tell DVLA about your condition to find the forms or questionnaires you need. The address you need is on the forms.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland you must contact the Driver and Vehicle Agency (DVA).

    ", + "

    There are different forms for different conditions and disabilities.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure what to do.

    ", + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA about a condition that might affect your ability to drive safely. You could also be prosecuted if you have an accident.

    ", + "

    Surrendering your licence

    ", + "

    You must surrender your licence to DVLA if any of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • your doctor tells you to stop driving for 3 months or more
    • ", + "
  • your medical condition affects your ability to drive safely and lasts for 3 months or more
    • ", + "
  • you do not meet the required standards for driving because of your medical condition
    • ", + "

    You can apply to get your licence back when you meet the medical standards for driving again.

    ", + "

    First licence or renewal if you\u2019re 70 or over

    ", + "

    You must also tell DVLA about notifiable conditions if you:

    ", + "
  • apply for your first licence
    • ", + "
  • renew your licence (if you\u2019re 70 or over)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked for this information in your application form. You do not need to contact DVLA separately.

    ", + "

    What happens after you tell DVLA

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks. You\u2019ll get a letter from DVLA if it\u2019s going to take longer.

    ", + "

    DVLA might:

    ", + "
  • contact your doctor or consultant
    • ", + "
  • arrange for you to be examined
    • ", + "
  • ask you to take a driving assessment, or an eyesight or driving test
    • ", + "

    You can usually keep driving while DVLA are considering your application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve told DVLA about a condition when applying to renew your licence, follow the guidance about driving that\u2019s in the form.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you need advice or to check on your case.

    ", + "

    What DVLA will decide

    ", + "

    DVLA will assess your medical condition or disability and decide if:

    ", + "
  • you need to get a new driving licence
    • ", + "
  • you can have a shorter licence - for 1, 2, 3 or 5 years
    • ", + "
  • you need to adapt your car by fitting special controls
    • ", + "
  • you must stop driving and give up your licence
    • ", + "

    You need to adapt your vehicle

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been told that you must adapt your car, you get an independent assessment of your adaptation needs through Driving Mobility.

    ", + "

    Find out more about adapting your vehicle and where to get special controls fitted through the Research Institute for Disabled Consumers.

    ", + "

    You must stop driving

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a medical reason why you must stop driving, and be told if and when you can reapply for your licence.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with DVLA\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    You can write to DVLA if you disagree with the decision to stop you driving. You must be able to provide relevant information that was not included in the original assessment.

    ", + "

    You must also include:

    ", + "
  • proof that you meet the required standards for driving (these are explained in the decision letter DVLA sent you)
    • ", + "
  • the reference number from your decision letter
    • ", + "

    You can also appeal the decision if you contact your local magistrate\u2019s court within 6 months, or your local sheriff\u2019s court in Scotland within 21 days.

    ", + "

    You may want to get legal advice before you appeal - you might be able to get legal aid to pay for it.

    ", + "

    You must tell DVLA in writing if you choose to appeal.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    You can make a complaint if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you get from DVLA.

    ", + "

    Renewing or reapplying for your licence

    ", + "

    How you reapply for or renew your licence depends on if you had to give up your licence, or if you have a short-term licence.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve got a short-term licence

    ", + "

    DVLA will send you a renewal letter 90 days before your 1, 2, 3 or 5-year licence is due to expire.

    ", + "

    Renew your licence online, or send the renewal reminder back by post.

    ", + "

    You gave up your licence and stopped driving

    ", + "

    The letter DVLA sends you when your licence is taken away tells you if you have to wait before you can reapply.

    ", + "

    You must check with your doctor that you\u2019re fit to drive before you reapply for your licence, if it was taken away because of a medical condition.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs: the rules", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You do not need a licence to drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, but you may have to register it. Only certain types can be driven on the road. The law calls these types of vehicles \u2018invalid carriages\u2019.

    ", + "

    Mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs come in 2 categories:

    ", + "
  • \u2018class 2 invalid carriages\u2019 - these cannot be used on the road (except where there is not a pavement) and have a maximum speed of 4mph
    • ", + "
  • \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019 - these can be used on the road, and have a maximum speed of 4mph off the road, and 8mph on the road
    • ", + "

    You do not need to register a class 2 invalid carriage.

    ", + "

    You must register class 3 invalid carriages.

    ", + "

    You must be 14 or over to drive a class 3 invalid carriage.

    ", + "

    Rules for class 3 invalid carriages

    ", + "

    The law calls mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs that can be used on the road \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019. They must have the following features:

    ", + "
  • a maximum unladen weight of 150kg
    • ", + "
  • a maximum width of 0.85 metres
    • ", + "
  • a device to limit its speed to 4mph
    • ", + "
  • a maximum speed of 8mph
    • ", + "
  • an efficient braking system
    • ", + "
  • front and rear lights and reflectors
    • ", + "
  • direction indicators able to operate as a hazard warning signal
    • ", + "
  • an audible horn
    • ", + "
  • a rear view mirror
    • ", + "
  • an amber flashing light if it\u2019s used on a dual carriageway
    • ", + "

    You could be stopped by the police if your class 3 invalid carriage does not have these features.

    ", + "

    Driving on the road

    ", + "

    You can only drive on the road in a class 3 invalid carriage. The maximum speed is 8mph.

    ", + "

    You cannot drive on bus lanes, \u2018cycle only\u2019 lanes or motorways. Avoid using dual carriageways with a speed limit of over 50mph.

    ", + "

    You must use an amber flashing light for visibility if you use a class 3 invalid carriage on a dual carriageway.

    ", + "

    Road rules

    ", + "

    You must follow the Highway Code if you drive your mobility scooter on the road.

    ", + "

    Driving on footpaths and parking

    ", + "

    All mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs can legally travel at a maximum of 4mph on footpaths or in pedestrian areas.

    ", + "

    You cannot drive any type of mobility scooter or powered wheelchair on cycle paths marked \u2018cycle only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Parking

    ", + "

    All normal parking restrictions apply to mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle should not be left on a footpath or pedestrian area on its own if it gets in the way of other pedestrians, including wheelchair users and people with prams or pushchairs.

    ", + "

    Eyesight requirements

    ", + "

    There is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).

    ", + "

    You must check that you can still do this regularly.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay compensation if you have an accident and poor eyesight was part of the cause.

    ", + "

    Who can use them

    ", + "

    You can only drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if you:

    ", + "
  • have trouble walking because of an injury, physical disability or medical condition
    • ", + "
  • are demonstrating the vehicle before it\u2019s sold
    • ", + "
  • are training a disabled user
    • ", + "
  • are taking the vehicle to or from maintenance or repair
    • ", + "

    Vehicle tax, registration and insurance

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay vehicle tax for any mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if it\u2019s registered as a \u2018class 3 invalid carriage\u2019.

    ", + "

    Check whether a vehicle is registered as an \u2018invalid carriage\u2019 by asking the seller when you buy it.

    ", + "

    Change the owner\u2019s details when you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair

    ", + "

    When you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, the seller will make you the \u2018registered keeper\u2019. This means the vehicle will be in your name. You\u2019ll get a new vehicle log book (V5C) in the post within 4 weeks of the sale.

    ", + "

    If you do not get a new vehicle log book 4 weeks after the sale, fill in an \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019 (V62) and send it to DVLA.

    ", + "

    Change your name or address

    ", + "

    If you need to change your name or address, fill in section 6 of your vehicle log book and send it to DVLA.

    ", + "

    If your mobility scooter or powered wheelchair is not a registered vehicle

    ", + "

    Most scooters and wheelchairs will already be registered by the dealer or manufacturer before you buy them.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is not registered, register it by filling in:

    ", + "
  • form V55/4 for new vehicles
    • ", + "
  • form V55/5 for used vehicles
    • ", + "

    Insurance

    ", + "

    You do not need insurance for a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, although it\u2019s recommended.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Transport support services for disabled people", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transport-disabled", + "contents": [ + "

    Trains

    ", + "

    You can give National Rail train companies advance notice if you think you\u2019ll need any help from staff.

    ", + "

    You can also check if a station has accessible facilities.

    ", + "

    Wheelchairs on trains

    ", + "

    On mainline (intercity, suburban and cross-country) trains there\u2019s space for your wheelchair. Put your chair in this space and use the brakes (or switch your wheelchair\u2019s power off) when the train\u2019s moving.

    ", + "

    How to get help

    ", + "

    All licensed train companies must be able to tell you:

    ", + "
  • what services and facilities are available
    • ", + "
  • how to get assistance - including when there are disruptions
    • ", + "

    This is called an Accessible Travel Policy (ATP). You can get a copy of an ATP from the train company.

    ", + "

    Disabled person\u2019s railcard

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible you can get up to a third off rail tickets by applying for a disabled person\u2019s railcard. You must provide evidence of a relevant disability.

    ", + "

    Report a problem

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the train company directly.

    ", + "

    If you cannot resolve the complaint, you may be able to complain to the Rail Ombudsman. They can only consider complaints about companies that have joined the Rail Ombudsman scheme.

    ", + "

    Planes

    ", + "

    Tell your airline at least 48 hours before departure if you\u2019ll need help.

    ", + "

    Airlines and airports have different facilities for disabled people. Find out from your airport or airline if they have the facilities you need, for example a toilet with disabled access.

    ", + "

    Help at the airport

    ", + "

    If you have a sensory, physical or learning disability which affects your mobility when using transport, at airports in the UK and EU you have the right to:

    ", + "
  • help at specific arrival points, such as at terminal entrances, at transport interchanges and in car parks
    • ", + "
  • help to reach check-in
    • ", + "
  • help with registration at check-in
    • ", + "
  • help with moving through the airport if you need it, including to toilets
    • ", + "
  • help to board the plane
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have the right to help because of your age or a temporary illness or injury - for example if you\u2019ve broken your leg and it\u2019s in a cast.

    ", + "

    You can travel with up to 2 items of mobility equipment free of charge if you\u2019re disabled. This will not count as part of your baggage allowance.

    ", + "

    Help on the plane

    ", + "

    If you have a sensory, physical or learning disability which affects your mobility on a flight, in the UK and EU you have the right to:

    ", + "
  • get information about your flight in a way you understand it
    • ", + "
  • help to find a seat that is suited to your needs
    • ", + "
  • help to move around the plane, including to toilets
    • ", + "

    Taking your wheelchair on the plane

    ", + "

    You cannot take your own wheelchair into the passenger cabin of a plane - it will be stored in the hold. Speak to your airline to find out what help they\u2019ll provide when boarding.

    ", + "

    Tell your airline, travel agent or tour operator as soon as possible if you\u2019re taking on a battery-powered wheelchair or mobility aid.

    ", + "

    Travelling with a companion

    ", + "

    You must travel with a companion if you\u2019re not self reliant, for example if you need help with feeding, breathing, using medication or using the toilet.

    ", + "

    The airline you\u2019re flying with will do their best to make sure you sit next to each other, so long as you tell them at least 48 hours before departure.

    ", + "

    Travelling with an assistance dog

    ", + "

    You have the right to travel with your assistance dog. You\u2019ll need to follow the rules on pet travel.

    ", + "

    Report a problem

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the airport or airline directly.

    ", + "

    If you cannot resolve the problem with them, you can complain to either:

    ", + "
  • an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) body
    • ", + "
  • the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) if the airline or airport does not have an agreement with an ADR
    • ", + "

    Cars, buses and coaches

    ", + "

    Find out what you need to do if you\u2019re driving and you have a medical condition or disability, for example learning to drive and getting insured.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a Blue Badge so you can park closer to where you want to go.

    ", + "

    The Motability Scheme

    ", + "

    The Motability Scheme can help you with leasing a car, powered wheelchair or scooter.

    ", + "

    Buses and coaches

    ", + "

    You can get a bus pass for free travel if you\u2019re disabled. Passes from councils in England can be used anywhere in England:

    ", + "
  • at any time on a Saturday, Sunday or bank holiday
    • ", + "
  • from 9:30am to 11pm on any other day
    • ", + "

    For travel outside of these times, contact the relevant council.

    ", + "

    Help getting on and off

    ", + "

    The law says bus and coach drivers must give reasonable assistance to disabled people, for example by helping them get on and off the bus or coach. This does not mean physically lifting passengers or heavy mobility equipment.

    ", + "

    If you need help to get on and off a coach, you should ask for this when you book your ticket.

    ", + "

    Report a problem

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the bus or coach service operator directly.

    ", + "

    If you cannot resolve the problem with the operator, contact:

    ", + "
  • Bus Users UK for complaints about services outside of London
    • ", + "
  • London TravelWatch for complaints about services in London
    • ", + "
  • your local government ombudsman for complaints about bus passes
    • ", + "

    Taxis and minicabs

    ", + "

    Licensed taxis can be hailed on the street, picked up at ranks or pre-booked, but you can only pre-book minicabs (also called \u2018private hire vehicles\u2019).

    ", + "

    Wheelchair access

    ", + "

    In some areas (mainly larger cities), licensed taxis have to be wheelchair accessible.

    ", + "

    To find out if there are accessible taxis near you, contact the taxi licensing office at your local council.

    ", + "

    London taxis

    ", + "

    In London, all black cabs are wheelchair accessible.

    ", + "

    Some of the newer \u2018black cabs\u2019 are also fitted with induction loops and intercoms for hearing aid users.

    ", + "

    Assistance dogs

    ", + "

    If you travel with an assistance dog they must be allowed into the taxi or minicab with you, unless the driver has an exemption certificate. This can be issued if they\u2019ve got a medical condition made worse by contact with dogs.

    ", + "

    A driver with an exemption certificate will have a \u2018Notice of Exemption\u2019 notice on their vehicle windscreen.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to be charged extra to travel in a taxi or minicab with an assistance dog. Otherwise the driver could be fined up to \u00a31,000.

    ", + "

    The following types of dog can be taken with you in taxis or minicabs:

    ", + "
  • guide dogs
    • ", + "
  • hearing dogs
    • ", + "
  • assistance dogs trained by Dogs for the Disabled, Support Dogs or Canine Partners
    • ", + "

    Travelling with your dog

    ", + "

    Taxi and private hire vehicle drivers have been told how to identify assistance dogs.

    ", + "

    Your assistance dog should wear its harness or identification jacket when you are travelling with it. If an identification card was issued for the dog, this should also be carried.

    ", + "

    Dogs should remain on the floor and under control at all times. If your dog causes any damage to the vehicle, the driver could ask you to pay for it.

    ", + "

    Report a problem

    ", + "

    As well as the rules on wheelchairs and assistance dogs, all taxi and minicab drivers must make sure they do not discriminate against you and cannot treat you less favourably than other customers. They should also make any \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to their service for you to make your journey easier.

    ", + "

    You should report any problems to the taxi licensing office at your local council.

    ", + "

    Ships

    ", + "

    You can get help if you\u2019re disabled and travelling on any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a cruise ship that\u2019s leaving from a port within the UK
    • ", + "
  • a ferry that\u2019s leaving from or going to a port within the UK
    • ", + "
  • a local ferry service, for example by river bus
    • ", + "

    If you need to make specific arrangements for your journey (for example if you have certain accommodation or seating requirements), you should tell the cruise line, ferry service, travel agent or tour operator at least 48 hours before departure.

    ", + "

    Travelling with a carer

    ", + "

    You should let the cruise line or ferry service know if you need to travel with a carer. On a ferry, your carer might be able to travel for free.

    ", + "

    Help getting on and off

    ", + "

    Tell the cruise line or ferry service at least 48 hours before departure if you need help getting on and off the ship.

    ", + "

    Report a problem

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the cruise line or ferry service company directly.

    ", + "

    If it cannot be resolved you can contact an independent organisation to look into your complaint.

    ", + "

    In England or Wales, you can contact:

    ", + "
  • Association of British Travel Agents (ABTA), for complaints about ferries
    • ", + "
  • London Travel Watch, for complaints about London River Bus services
    • ", + "
  • Cruise Line International Association (CLIA), for complaints about cruises
    • ", + "

    In Scotland, you can contact Transport Scotland.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, you can contact the Consumer Council of Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Wheelchairs

    ", + "

    Shopmobility lends wheelchairs and powered scooters to people who are disabled so they can shop or visit leisure facilities in a town, city or shopping centre.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Recruitment and disabled people", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/recruitment-disabled-people", + "contents": [ + "

    Job specifications

    ", + "

    The job specification (or \u2018person requirements\u2019) of a vacancy must not exclude disabled people from applying for a job.

    ", + "

    However, some jobs may have an essential requirement that cannot be met with a reasonable adjustment.

    ", + "

    If you reject a disabled candidate, it must be based on their performance at interview rather than having to make reasonable adjustments.

    ", + "

    Encouraging applications

    ", + "

    Your local Jobcentre Plus can help with:

    ", + "
  • making sure your application process is accessible
    • ", + "
  • advising you about recruitment practices that open up jobs to disabled people
    • ", + "
  • information about making reasonable adjustments that can help someone start or keep their job
    • ", + "

    Contact Jobcentre Plus to find out more.

    ", + "

    Apply for the disability confident scheme

    ", + "

    Sign up as a disability confident committed employer. When you\u2019ve done this you can use the disability confident badge on adverts to show you encourage applications from disabled people.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    You must provide information about the vacancy in alternative formats (for example, large print) on request if this is reasonable. You must also accept applications in alternative formats (for example, electronically) where possible.

    ", + "

    Reasonable adjustments

    ", + "

    You can ask if a candidate needs an adjustment to the recruitment process to allow them to be considered for the job, or you can wait to be told.

    ", + "

    You must make adjustments if they\u2019re reasonable, for example allowing:

    ", + "
  • wheelchair users to have their interview on the ground floor
    • ", + "
  • candidates to complete a written test using a computer
    • ", + "

    After you\u2019ve made a job offer, you can ask what adjustments they\u2019ll need to do the job.

    ", + "

    You can get help paying for extra support in the workplace through an Access to Work grant but you cannot use the money for reasonable adjustments.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Towing with a car", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/towing-with-car", + "contents": [ + "

    What you can tow

    ", + "

    The rules on what you can tow are different depending on when you passed your driving test.

    ", + "

    View your driving licence information to see if you\u2019re allowed to tow.

    ", + "

    Licences issued from 1 January 1997

    ", + "

    If you passed your car driving test on or after 1 January 1997 you can:

    ", + "
  • drive a car or van up to 3,500kg maximum authorised mass (MAM) towing a trailer of up to 750kg MAM
    • ", + "
  • tow a trailer over 750kg MAM as long as the combined MAM of the trailer and towing vehicle is no more than 3,500kg
    • ", + "

    MAM is the limit on how much the vehicle can weigh when it\u2019s loaded.

    ", + "

    You have to pass the car and trailer driving test if you want to tow anything heavier.

    ", + "

    Licences issued before 1 January 1997

    ", + "

    If you passed your car test before 1 January 1997 you\u2019re usually allowed to drive a vehicle and trailer combination up to 8,250kg MAM. View your driving licence information to check.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also allowed to drive a minibus with a trailer over 750kg MAM.

    ", + "

    Towing heavier combinations

    ", + "

    Follow these steps if you want to tow heavier combinations.

    ", + "
  • Apply for provisional licence for a medium-sized lorry and trailer (category C1+E).
    • ", + "
  • Pass the lorry theory test.
    • ", + "
  • Pass the C1+E driving test.
    • ", + "

    You need to take extra Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) tests if driving the medium-sized lorry is the main part of your job.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve done this you can drive vehicles and trailers with a combined weight of up to 12,000kg MAM.

    ", + "

    Towing weight and width limits

    ", + "

    Most cars have a maximum weight they can tow. It\u2019s usually listed in the handbook or specification sheet.

    ", + "

    Alternatively the vehicle\u2019s \u2018gross train weight\u2019 may be listed on the vehicle identification number (VIN) plate on the car. This is normally under the bonnet or inside the driver\u2019s door.

    ", + "

    The gross train weight is the weight of the fully-loaded car plus fully-loaded trailer and must not be exceeded.

    ", + "

    If your VIN plate doesn\u2019t list a train weight, you should not use your vehicle for towing.

    ", + "

    Width and length

    ", + "

    The maximum trailer width for any towing vehicle is 2.55 metres.

    ", + "

    The maximum length for a trailer towed by a vehicle weighing up to 3,500kg is 7 metres. This length does not include the A-frame.

    ", + "

    Trailers, caravans and towing equipment

    ", + "

    The equipment you use with your trailer or caravan must:

    ", + "
  • meet certain safety standards
    • ", + "
  • be used correctly
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for using a vehicle in a dangerous condition.

    ", + "

    Carry out safety checks to make sure you\u2019re using the trailer and equipment legally.

    ", + "

    Towing bars

    ", + "

    If you get a tow bar for your car, it needs to be \u2018type approved\u2019. This means it meets EU regulations and is designed for your car.

    ", + "

    Type-approved tow bars have a label with:

    ", + "
  • an approval number
    • ", + "
  • details of the vehicles it\u2019s approved for
    • ", + "

    If your car was first used before 1 August 1998, your tow bar doesn\u2019t need to be type-approved.

    ", + "

    Towing mirrors

    ", + "

    You must have an adequate view of the road behind you.

    ", + "

    Fit suitable towing mirrors if your trailer or caravan is wider than the rear of your car.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get 3 penalty points for towing without proper towing mirrors.

    ", + "

    Trailer or caravan brakes

    ", + "

    Your trailer must have a working brake system if it weighs over 750kg when it\u2019s loaded.

    ", + "

    Some smaller trailers also have brakes, but these are optional.

    ", + "

    Any brakes must be in good working order.

    ", + "

    You must use a breakaway cable or secondary coupling in case the trailer becomes detached from your car.

    ", + "

    Number plates

    ", + "

    You must display the same number plate on your trailer as on your towing car.

    ", + "

    If you tow more than one trailer at a time, fix the number plate to the trailer at the back.

    ", + "

    Towing an American caravan or trailer

    ", + "

    American trailers and caravans don\u2019t always meet European safety regulations.

    ", + "

    If you want to use an American caravan or trailer in the UK or the EU, you must first check that it\u2019s legal.

    ", + "

    Read more about brakes and couplings for American caravans and trailers.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Car and trailer driving test", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/car-trailer-driving-test", + "contents": [ + "

    Booking your test

    ", + "

    You can book your car and trailer driving test when you\u2019ve got a full car driving licence. You do not need to pass another theory test.

    ", + "

    The test is sometimes called the \u2018B+E test\u2019. Check the rules to see if you need to take it.

    ", + "

    To pass the driving test you must be able to:

    ", + "
  • drive safely in different road and traffic conditions
    • ", + "
  • show that you know The Highway Code by the way you drive
    • ", + "

    The national standard for driving cars tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test. Only take your test when you can do everything without instruction.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your test.

    ", + "

    Change or check your test details

    ", + "

    You can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked.

    ", + "

    You can check the details if you\u2019ve lost the email confirmation you were sent when you booked your test.

    ", + "

    Rebook your test

    ", + "

    Rebook your driving test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must take:

    ", + "
  • your UK driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a car and trailer that meet the rules
    • ", + "
  • a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not go to your driving test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You must bring and wear a face covering during your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:

    ", + "
  • having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    If you cannot wear a face covering during your test, you or your driving school must tell DVSA when booking your appointment.

    ", + "

    You can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19 the car you use must have the windows open throughout the test. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    ", + "

    Your driving licence

    ", + "

    Apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport and your paper licence.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Bring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.

    ", + "

    What happens during the car and trailer test

    ", + "

    There are 6 parts to the driving test:

    ", + "
  • an eyesight check
    • ", + "
  • \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions
    • ", + "
  • reversing your vehicle
    • ", + "
  • general driving ability
    • ", + "
  • independent driving
    • ", + "
  • uncoupling and recoupling the trailer
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive for around 50 minutes.

    ", + "

    Eyesight check

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:

    ", + "
  • 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate
    • ", + "
  • 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate
    • ", + "

    New-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example, AB51 ABC.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll fail your driving test if you fail the eyesight check. The test will end.

    ", + "

    \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked 5 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions. These test that you know how to carry out basic safety checks.

    ", + "

    Reversing your vehicle

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to show that you can manoeuvre your car and trailer into a restricted space and stop at a certain point.

    ", + "

    The examiner will show you a diagram of where to reverse your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Your general driving ability

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, including motorways where possible.

    ", + "

    The examiner will give you directions that you should follow. Driving test routes are not published, so you cannot check them before your test.

    ", + "

    Pulling over at the side of the road

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to pull over and pull away during your test, including:

    ", + "
  • normal stops at the side of the road
    • ", + "
  • pulling out from behind a parked vehicle
    • ", + "
  • a hill start
    • ", + "

    Independent driving

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to drive for about 10 minutes by following either:

    ", + "
  • traffic signs
    • ", + "
  • a series of verbal directions
    • ", + "
  • a combination of both
    • ", + "

    The examiner can show you a simple diagram to help you understand where you\u2019re going when following verbal directions.

    ", + "

    You cannot use a sat nav.

    ", + "

    If you cannot see traffic signs

    ", + "

    If you cannot see a traffic sign (for example, because it\u2019s covered by trees), the examiner will give you directions until you can see the next one.

    ", + "

    Forgetting the directions

    ", + "

    You can ask the examiner to confirm the directions if you forget them. It does not matter if you do not remember every direction.

    ", + "

    Going off the route

    ", + "

    Your test result will not be affected if you go off the route, unless you make a fault while doing it.

    ", + "

    The examiner will help you get back on the route if you take a wrong turning.

    ", + "

    Uncoupling and recoupling the trailer

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to:

    ", + "
  • uncouple your car from the trailer
    • ", + "
  • park the car alongside the trailer
    • ", + "
  • realign the car with the trailer and recouple them
    • ", + "

    If you make mistakes during your test

    ", + "

    You can carry on if you make a mistake during your driving test.

    ", + "

    If you make a serious or dangerous mistake (sometimes called a \u2018major fault\u2019), your examiner will stop the test and direct you back to the driving test centre. This is to minimise the amount of time you need to spend in the car together.

    ", + "

    Driving test faults and your result

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of faults you can make:

    ", + "
  • a dangerous fault - this involves actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property
    • ", + "
  • a serious fault - something potentially dangerous
    • ", + "
  • a driving fault - this is not potentially dangerous, but if you keep making the same fault, it could become a serious fault
    • ", + "

    Pass mark

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pass your driving test if you make:

    ", + "
  • no more than 15 driving faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you pass your test

    ", + "

    The examiner will:

    ", + "
  • tell you what faults you made, if any
    • ", + "
  • give you a pass certificate
    • ", + "
  • ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your licence if you want to do this
    • ", + "

    If you choose not to get your licence sent to you automatically, you\u2019ve got 2 years to apply for it. After that you\u2019ll need to take the test again.

    ", + "

    When you can start driving

    ", + "

    You can start towing straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass

    ", + "

    The examiner will tell you what faults you made.

    ", + "

    If you want to resit the test, you\u2019ll need to pay again to book another test.

    ", + "

    Appeal your driving test

    ", + "

    You can appeal your driving test if you can prove that your driving examiner did not follow the law.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on appealing your driving test to check if your examiner followed the law.

    ", + "

    If you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA).

    ", + "

    If DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.

    ", + "

    If DVSA does not agree with your complaint, you may be able to appeal to a court instead.

    ", + "

    Appeal your driving test to a court

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.

    ", + "

    Your test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to appeal within:

    ", + "
  • 6 months of your driving test in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • 21 days of your driving test in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Check if you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Rules for the car you use

    ", + "

    The car that you use to tow the trailer must meet certain rules.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.

    ", + "

    Rules about the car

    ", + "

    Your car must:

    ", + "
  • be taxed
    • ", + "
  • be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)
    • ", + "
  • be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)
    • ", + "
  • have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light
    • ", + "
  • have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre
    • ", + "
  • be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test
    • ", + "
  • be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer
    • ", + "
  • have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500kg
    • ", + "

    The MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.

    ", + "

    This means:

    ", + "
  • tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats
    • ", + "
  • wiping down the dashboard and car controls
    • ", + "

    The examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.

    ", + "

    The car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    ", + "

    Things that must be fitted

    ", + "

    The car must have:

    ", + "
  • extra mirrors mounted onto the wing mirrors on both the passenger and driver side (for the examiner to use)
    • ", + "
  • L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front of the car and rear of the trailer
    • ", + "
  • a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)
    • ", + "

    Manual and automatic cars

    ", + "

    You can take the test in a:

    ", + "
  • manual car - these have 3 pedals
    • ", + "
  • automatic or semi-automatic car - these have 2 pedals
    • ", + "

    The type of car and trailer you can drive after passing the test depends on:

    ", + "
  • what your licence is already for
    • ", + "
  • what type of car you take the test in
    • ", + "

    What you can drive after passing the car and trailer test

    ", + "Existing car licence | Car you use for the test | Cars you can drive when towing | Cars you can drive when not towing", + "Manual | Manual | Manual and automatic | Manual and automatic", + "Automatic | Automatic | Automatic | Automatic", + "Automatic | Manual | Manual and automatic | Manual and automatic", + "Manual | Automatic | Automatic | Manual and automatic", + "

    Hire cars

    ", + "

    You can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.

    ", + "

    Vehicle features

    ", + "

    You can use a car with:

    ", + "
  • an electronic parking brake
    • ", + "
  • hill-start assist
    • ", + "

    Cars with known safety faults

    ", + "

    You cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you bring proof to the test that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.

    ", + "Model | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date", + "Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sept 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Build dates between 9 Sept 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and\u00a00N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014", + "Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014", + "Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014", + "

    Proof you need to bring to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring proof that says one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the car was recalled and the recall work has been done
    • ", + "
  • the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done
    • ", + "
  • the car was not part of the recall
    • ", + "

    The proof must be either:

    ", + "
  • the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer
    • ", + "
  • on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.

    ", + "

    Rules for the trailer you use

    ", + "

    The trailer you use and the load it carries must meet certain rules.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your trailer or load do not meet the rules.

    ", + "

    The trailer you use must:

    ", + "
  • be a closed box body, such as a horsebox
    • ", + "
  • be around the same width and height as the car - you must only be able to see to the rear by using external mirrors, and not through the rear window
    • ", + "
  • have a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of at least 1,000kg - you need proof to show the examiner, for example, the manufacturer\u2019s plate
    • ", + "

    The MAM is the limit on how much the trailer can weigh when it\u2019s loaded.

    ", + "

    Rules about the load

    ", + "

    The trailer must carry a load of at least 600kg. The combined weight of the trailer and load must be at least 800kg.

    ", + "

    The load must be secured safely to the trailer. Your test will be cancelled if it is not.

    ", + "

    The load can be either:

    ", + "
  • bagged aggregates weighing at least 600kg, for example, sand, stone chippings or gravel (but not toxic materials)
    • ", + "
  • a 600 litre or 1,000 litre intermediate bulk container, completely full of water
    • ", + "

    Intermediate bulk containers are industrial containers for transporting liquids. They\u2019re made from semi-transparent plastic and are usually reinforced with a wire frame.

    ", + "

    Bags of aggregate

    ", + "

    Each bag of aggregate must:

    ", + "
  • be sealed
    • ", + "
  • weigh at least 10kg (all bags must weigh the same)
    • ", + "
  • have the weight clearly marked on it
    • ", + "

    You can also use a single bag if it weighs 600kg or 1,000kg.

    ", + "

    Water in containers

    ", + "

    Water must be in an intermediate bulk container. The examiner must be able to see that it is full.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty

    ", + "

    When you book your driving test you should say if you have a:

    ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • health condition
    • ", + "
  • learning difficulty
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still have to drive to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.

    ", + "

    If your health condition or disability means you cannot wear a face covering during your test, you or your driving school must tell DVSA when booking your appointment.

    ", + "

    You have a disability

    ", + "

    At the start of the test, the examiner will talk to you about:

    ", + "
  • your disability
    • ", + "
  • any adaptations fitted to your car
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re physically unable to uncouple and recouple the car and trailer, you can be asked questions to check your understanding instead.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment

    ", + "

    The examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.

    ", + "

    The examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.

    ", + "

    Using a sign language interpreter

    ", + "

    You can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.

    ", + "

    Your driving instructor can be your interpreter.

    ", + "

    You need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge. You can claim the cost back after your test.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re pregnant

    ", + "

    You can take a driving test at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to do an emergency stop.

    ", + "

    You have reading difficulties

    ", + "

    When you do the eyesight check at the start of the driving test, you can write down the number plate instead of reading it out loud.

    ", + "

    You have learning difficulties

    ", + "

    The examiner will make adjustments for the independent driving part of the test if you have learning difficulties.

    ", + "

    They might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of verbal directions.

    ", + "

    You might be able to choose to follow a set of directions using a diagram. You\u2019ll normally be asked to follow up to 3 directions at a time, but the examiner can reduce this to 2 at a time.

    ", + "

    If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather

    ", + "

    Your driving test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.

    ", + "

    If your test is cancelled because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be emailed with a new date if your driving test is cancelled because of COVID-19.

    ", + "

    Bad weather

    ", + "

    Driving tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.

    ", + "

    Call your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    The phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.

    ", + "

    If your test cannot go ahead

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:

    ", + "
  • automatically book the next available date for your test
    • ", + "
  • send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather
    • ", + "

    You can change the date you\u2019re given if it is not suitable. Your driving school will need to change your test date for you if they booked it.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.

    ", + "

    Problems with you or your vehicle

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:

    ", + "
  • you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle, for example, if your car breaks down during the test or the car or trailer do not meet the rules to be used
    • ", + "

    Your driving school will need to rearrange your test for you if they booked it.

    ", + "

    If your test is cancelled for another reason

    ", + "

    Sometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it is not suitable. Your driving school will need to change your test date for you if they booked it.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Penalty points (endorsements)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/penalty-points-endorsements", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The courts can fine you and \u2018endorse\u2019 your driving record with penalty points if you\u2019re convicted of a motoring offence.

    ", + "

    Endorsements must stay on your driving record for 4 or 11 years, depending on the offence.

    ", + "

    The endorsement and penalty points are put on your driver record. View your driving licence record to see what penalty points you have and when they\u2019ll be removed.

    ", + "

    You can be disqualified from driving if you build up 12 or more penalty points within a period of 3 years. There are different rules for new drivers.

    ", + "

    Endorsement codes and processes in Northern Ireland are different.

    ", + "

    Endorsement codes and penalty points

    ", + "

    Each endorsement has a special code and is given \u2018penalty points\u2019 on a scale from 1 to 11. You get more points for more serious offences.

    ", + "

    The table shows the offence codes that can be put on your driving record. It also shows how many penalty points you can get for them. Some offences may also involve a disqualification.

    ", + "

    Offence codes and penalty points must stay on your driving record for 4 or 11 years depending on the offence.

    ", + "

    Accident offences

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "AC10 | Failing to stop after an accident | 5 to 10", + "AC20 | Failing to give particulars or report an accident within 24 hours | 5 to 10", + "AC30 | Undefined accident offences | 4 to 9", + "

    Disqualified driver

    ", + "

    Codes BA10 and BA30 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "BA10 | Driving while disqualified by order of court | 6", + "BA30 | Attempting to drive while disqualified by order of court | 6", + "

    Codes BA40 and BA60 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the conviction.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "BA40 | Causing death by driving while disqualified | 3 to 11", + "BA60 | Causing serious injury by driving while disqualified | 3 to 11", + "

    Careless driving

    ", + "

    Codes CD10 to CD30 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "CD10 | Driving without due care and attention | 3 to 9", + "CD20 | Driving without reasonable consideration for other road users | 3 to 9", + "CD30 | Driving without due care and attention or without reasonable consideration for other road users | 3 to 9", + "

    Codes CD40 to CD70 must stay on a driving record for 11 years from the date of the conviction.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "CD40 | Causing death through careless driving when unfit through drink | 3 to 11", + "CD50 | Causing death by careless driving when unfit through drugs | 3 to 11", + "CD60 | Causing death by careless driving with alcohol level above the limit | 3 to 11", + "CD70 | Causing death by careless driving then failing to supply a specimen for alcohol analysis | 3 to 11", + "

    Codes CD80 and CD90 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the conviction.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "CD80 | Causing death by careless, or inconsiderate, driving | 3 to 11", + "CD90 | Causing death by driving: unlicensed, disqualified or uninsured drivers | 3 to 11", + "

    Construction and use offences

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "CU10 | Using a vehicle with defective brakes | 3", + "CU20 | Causing or likely to cause danger by reason of use of unsuitable vehicle or using a vehicle with parts or accessories (excluding brakes, steering or tyres) in a dangerous condition | 3", + "CU30 | Using a vehicle with defective tyre(s) | 3", + "CU40 | Using a vehicle with defective steering | 3", + "CU50 | Causing or likely to cause danger by reason of load or passengers | 3", + "CU80 | Breach of requirements as to control of the vehicle, such as using a mobile phone | 3 to 6", + "

    Reckless/dangerous driving

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the conviction.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "DD10 | Causing serious injury by dangerous driving | 3 to 11", + "DD40 | Dangerous driving | 3 to 11", + "DD60 | Manslaughter or culpable homicide while driving a vehicle | 3 to 11", + "DD80 | Causing death by dangerous driving | 3 to 11", + "DD90 | Furious driving | 3 to 9", + "

    Drink

    ", + "

    Codes DR10 to DR61 must stay on a driving record for 11 years from the date of the conviction.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "DR10 | Driving or attempting to drive with alcohol level above limit | 3 to 11", + "DR20 | Driving or attempting to drive while unfit through drink | 3 to 11", + "DR30 | Driving or attempting to drive then failing to supply a specimen for analysis | 3 to 11", + "DR31 | Driving or attempting to drive then refusing to give permission for analysis of a blood sample that was taken without consent due to incapacity | 3 to 11", + "DR61 | Refusing to give permission for analysis of a blood sample that was taken without consent due to incapacity in circumstances other than driving or attempting to drive | 10", + "

    Codes DR40 to DR70 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence or 4 years from date of conviction where a disqualification is imposed.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "DR40 | In charge of a vehicle while alcohol level above limit | 10", + "DR50 | In charge of a vehicle while unfit through drink | 10", + "DR60 | Failure to provide a specimen for analysis in circumstances other than driving or attempting to drive | 10", + "DR70 | Failing to co-operate with a preliminary test | 4", + "

    Drugs

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 11 years from the date of the conviction.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "DG10 | Driving or attempting to drive with drug level above the specified limit | 3 to 11", + "DG60 | Causing death by careless driving with drug level above the limit | 3 to 11", + "DR80 | Driving or attempting to drive when unfit through drugs | 3 to 11", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence or 4 years from date of conviction where a disqualification is imposed.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "DG40 | In charge of a vehicle while drug level above specified limit | 10", + "DR70 | Failing to co-operate with a preliminary test | 4", + "DR90 | In charge of a vehicle when unfit through drugs | 10", + "

    Insurance offences

    ", + "

    Code IN10 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "IN10 | Using a vehicle uninsured against third party risks | 6 to 8", + "

    Licence offences

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "LC20 | Driving otherwise than in accordance with a licence | 3 to 6", + "LC30 | Driving after making a false declaration about fitness when applying for a licence | 3 to 6", + "LC40 | Driving a vehicle having failed to notify a disability | 3 to 6", + "LC50 | Driving after a licence has been cancelled (revoked) or refused on medical grounds | 3 to 6", + "

    Miscellaneous offences

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "MS10 | Leaving a vehicle in a dangerous position | 3", + "MS20 | Unlawful pillion riding | 3", + "MS30 | Play street offences | 2", + "MS50 | Motor racing on the highway | 3 to 11", + "MS60 | Offences not covered by other codes (including offences relating to breach of requirements as to control of vehicle) | 3", + "MS70 | Driving with uncorrected defective eyesight | 3", + "MS80 | Refusing to submit to an eyesight test | 3", + "MS90 | Failure to give information as to identity of driver etc | 6", + "

    Motorway offences

    ", + "

    Code MW10 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "MW10 | Contravention of special roads regulations (excluding speed limits) | 3", + "

    Pedestrian crossings

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "PC10 | Undefined contravention of pedestrian crossing regulations | 3", + "PC20 | Contravention of pedestrian crossing regulations with moving vehicle | 3", + "PC30 | Contravention of pedestrian crossing regulations with stationary vehicle | 3", + "

    Speed limits

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "SP10 | Exceeding goods vehicle speed limits | 3 to 6", + "SP20 | Exceeding speed limit for type of vehicle (excluding goods or passenger vehicles) | 3 to 6", + "SP30 | Exceeding statutory speed limit on a public road | 3 to 6", + "SP40 | Exceeding passenger vehicle speed limit | 3 to 6", + "SP50 | Exceeding speed limit on a motorway | 3 to 6", + "

    Traffic direction and signs

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "TS10 | Failing to comply with traffic light signals | 3", + "TS20 | Failing to comply with double white lines | 3", + "TS30 | Failing to comply with \u2018stop\u2019 sign | 3", + "TS40 | Failing to comply with direction of a constable/warden | 3", + "TS50 | Failing to comply with traffic sign (excluding \u2018stop\u2019 signs, traffic lights or double white lines) | 3", + "TS60 | Failing to comply with a school crossing patrol sign | 3", + "TS70 | Undefined failure to comply with a traffic direction sign | 3", + "

    Special code

    ", + "

    Code TT99 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of conviction.

    ", + "

    It shows disqualification under \u2018totting-up\u2019 - if the total of penalty points reaches 12 or more within 3 years, the driver can be disqualified.

    ", + "

    Theft or unauthorised taking

    ", + "

    Code UT50 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "UT50 | Aggravated taking of a vehicle | 3 to 11", + "

    \u2018Mutual recognition\u2019 codes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an \u2018MR\u2019 code on your driving record if you\u2019re disqualified while driving in Northern Ireland or the Isle of Man. Your disqualification period will also be valid in GB and will stay on your record for 4 years from the date of conviction.

    ", + "Code | Offence", + "MR09 | Reckless or dangerous driving (whether or not resulting in death, injury or serious risk)", + "MR19 | Wilful failure to carry out the obligation placed on driver after being involved in a road accident (hit or run)", + "MR29 | Driving a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or other substance affecting or diminishing the mental and physical abilities of a driver", + "MR39 | Driving a vehicle faster than the permitted speed", + "MR49 | Driving a vehicle whilst disqualified", + "MR59 | Other conduct constituting an offence for which a driving disqualification has been imposed by the State of Offence", + "

    Aiding, abetting, counselling or procuring offences

    ", + "

    For these offences, the codes are similar, but with the number 0 on the code changed to 2.

    ", + "

    For example, code LC20 (driving otherwise than in accordance with a licence) becomes code LC22 on your driving record if you have helped someone to do this.

    ", + "

    Causing or permitting offences

    ", + "

    For these offences, the codes are similar, but with the number 0 on the code changed to 4.

    ", + "

    For example, LC20 (driving otherwise than in accordance with a licence) becomes LC24 on your licence if you\u2019ve caused or permitted someone to do this.

    ", + "

    Inciting offences

    ", + "

    For these offences, the codes are similar, but with the number 0 on the code changed to 6.

    ", + "

    For example, DD40 (dangerous driving) becomes DD46 on your driving record if you\u2019ve incited someone to do this.

    ", + "

    How long endorsements stay on your driving record

    ", + "

    Endorsements stay on your driving record for 4 or 11 years depending on the offence. This can start from either the date you\u2019re convicted or the date of your offence.

    ", + "

    The endorsement is \u2018valid\u2019 for the first:

    ", + "
  • 3 years, for a 4-year endorsement
    • ", + "
  • 10 years, for an 11-year endorsement
    • ", + "

    A court can take your endorsement into account if both:

    ", + "
  • you commit another offence while it\u2019s valid
    • ", + "
  • the endorsement is still on your driving record when the court considers your case
    • ", + "

    Other people, like insurers and employers, may be able to find out that you have the endorsement:

    ", + "
  • any time during a 4-year endorsement
    • ", + "
  • during the first 5 years of an 11-year endorsement, or the first 30 months if you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "

    4 years from date of conviction

    ", + "

    An endorsement will stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of conviction if the offence:

    ", + "
  • is for reckless/dangerous driving - shown on the driving record as DD40, DD60 and DD80
    • ", + "
  • results in disqualification
    • ", + "

    4 years from the date of offence

    ", + "

    In all other cases endorsements stay on your driving record for 4 years from the date of offence.

    ", + "

    11 years from date of conviction

    ", + "

    If the offence is:

    ", + "
  • drink driving or drug driving - shown on the driving record as DR10, DR20, DR30, DR31, DR61 and DR80
    • ", + "
  • causing death by careless driving while under the influence of drink or drugs \u2013 shown on the driving record as CD40, CD50 and CD60
    • ", + "
  • causing death by careless driving, then failing to provide a specimen for analysis \u2013 shown on the driving record as CD70
    • ", + "

    New drivers

    ", + "

    Your licence will be cancelled (revoked) if you get 6 or more points within 2 years of passing your test.

    ", + "

    Points on your provisional licence

    ", + "

    Any penalty points on your provisional licence that have not expired will be carried over to your full licence when you pass your test. However, your licence will be cancelled if you get any further penalty points that take you up to a total of 6 or more within 2 years of passing your driving test.

    ", + "

    If your licence is cancelled within 2 years

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to apply and pay for a new provisional licence and pass both theory and practical parts of the driving or riding test again to get a full licence.

    ", + "

    If you have not sent off for your full licence

    ", + "

    You must retake both parts of your driving test if your licence has been cancelled after you\u2019ve passed your test, but you have not sent off for your full licence yet. You can use your current provisional licence to take the tests.

    ", + "

    Who\u2019s covered by the rules

    ", + "

    These rules apply to all new drivers who passed their first driving test in:

    ", + "
  • Great Britain
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Isle of Man
    • ", + "
  • Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • the European Community (EC) and European Economic Area (EEA)
    • ", + "

    The EC/EEA countries are:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Spain and Sweden.

    ", + "

    There is not another 2 year period if you pass a test for another category of vehicle, for example to drive a heavy goods vehicle.

    ", + "

    Foreign licences

    ", + "

    The rules also apply if you exchange a foreign driving licence for a British licence and then pass a further driving test in Great Britain.

    ", + "

    Handing over your driving licence for endorsement

    ", + "

    If you get an endorsement you\u2019ll need to hand over your licence to either the police, a fixed penalty office (FPO) or when you appear in court.

    ", + "

    Your fixed penalty notice will tell you how to find your local FPO.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get a replacement if you\u2019ve lost your licence.

    ", + "

    If your driving licence is not returned to you, contact the FPO or court you sent it to, unless your licence has been sent to DVLA.

    ", + "

    When your licence is sent to DVLA

    ", + "

    The FPO or court will send your driving licence to DVLA if:

    ", + "
  • the licence has been cancelled (\u2018revoked\u2019) by a court
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a new driver and you\u2019ve been given more than 6 penalty points
    • ", + "
  • the licence you gave the court is invalid
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve let DVLA know that you\u2019ve changed your address
    • ", + "

    If your licence is sent to DVLA because you\u2019ve changed your address, it\u2019ll be returned to you within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Removing expired endorsements from your driving record

    ", + "

    Most expired endorsements will automatically be removed from your driving record when they\u2019re no longer valid.

    ", + "

    The length of time they stay on your record depends on how serious the offence was.

    ", + "

    How to check your endorsement details

    ", + "

    View your driving licence record to see what penalty points you have and when they\u2019ll be removed.

    ", + "

    You can also contact DVLA.

    ", + "

    Incorrect endorsement details on your licence

    ", + "

    Contact the court that convicted if your endorsement details are shown incorrectly on your driving licence.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Vehicle tax Direct Debit payments", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-tax-direct-debit", + "contents": [ + "

    Set up a Direct Debit

    ", + "

    You can set up a Direct Debit when you tax your vehicle online or at a Post Office.

    ", + "

    You do not need to be the vehicle\u2019s registered keeper to set up a Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Emails and letters about Direct Debit payments are sent to the account holder.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    The amount you pay depends on how often you want to make a payment. There\u2019s a 5% surcharge if you pay:

    ", + "
  • monthly
    • ", + "
  • every 6 months
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no surcharge if you pay yearly.

    ", + "

    What you need

    ", + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • your address and date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your bank or building society name, account number and sort code
    • ", + "

    You cannot set up a Direct Debit for an account that needs 2 signatures.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a confirmation by email or post that your Direct Debit has been set up.
    • ", + "
  • The first payment will not be taken until the vehicle tax has started. It can take up to 10 days. You can still use the vehicle before the payment is taken.
    • ", + "
  • All the following payments will be taken on the first working day of the month that the Direct Debit is due.
    • ", + "

    Renewing your vehicle tax

    ", + "

    Your Direct Debit for vehicle tax will renew automatically when it\u2019s due to run out.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or letter telling you when your payments will be taken.

    ", + "

    You will not be sent a vehicle tax reminder letter (V11).

    ", + "

    Do not tax your vehicle again. If you do, you\u2019ll be charged twice.

    ", + "

    The vehicle keeper must have a vehicle logbook (V5C) before the vehicle tax is renewed.

    ", + "

    If the vehicle keeper does not have a V5C

    ", + "

    Your Direct Debit will not automatically renew if there\u2019s no vehicle keeper in DVLA\u2019s records.

    ", + "

    You can tell DVLA who the vehicle keeper is online.

    ", + "

    If you do not get an email or letter when your vehicle tax runs out, you should contact DVLA.

    ", + "

    If you do not have an MOT or insurance in place

    ", + "

    DVLA will write to you if your vehicle\u2019s MOT certificate will have run out when your vehicle tax is due to renew.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must pass an MOT by the time the current one runs out.

    ", + "

    After it\u2019s passed an MOT, DVLA\u2019s records will be updated automatically. Your vehicle tax will be renewed on the date it was due to run out.

    ", + "

    You do not need to contact DVLA or tax your vehicle again.

    ", + "

    If you do not get an MOT in time, you\u2019ll need to tax your vehicle again.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is registered in Northern Ireland, you must also have insurance in place when your vehicle tax is due to renew. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you if your insurance will have run out by then.

    ", + "

    Change your address, email or name

    ", + "

    Tell DVLA if you want to change the address, email or name on your Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    You can call DVLA if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve moved house
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got a new email address
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got married or divorced and want to update your details
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s a mistake with your name or address
    • ", + "

    If you changed your name by deed poll

    ", + "

    Write to DVLA if you\u2019ve changed your name by deed poll.

    ", + "

    You need to include:

    ", + "
  • your address and date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your bank or building society name, account number and sort code
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your deed poll
    • ", + "

    Send it to:

    ", + "

    Change how often you pay

    ", + "

    When you set up your Direct Debit you can choose to pay:

    ", + "
  • every month
    • ", + "
  • every 6 months
    • ", + "
  • every year
    • ", + "

    DVLA will take the payments on the first working day of the month. You cannot change it to a different date.

    ", + "

    To change how often you pay (for example, from every 6 months to monthly), you have to cancel your Direct Debit and then tax your vehicle again.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "
  • Ask your bank or building society to cancel your Direct Debit. Depending on your account, you can do this online, by phone or post, or at a branch.
    • ", + "
  • You can keep driving your vehicle until the date your next Direct Debit payment was due.
    • ", + "
  • Tax your vehicle on the first day of the month that your next Direct Debit payment was due. Use the 11 digit number on your vehicle log book (V5C).
    • ", + "
  • Choose the Direct Debit option when you tax your vehicle. Then choose how often you want to pay - either monthly, every 6 months or every year.
    • ", + "

    Change bank account or payment method

    ", + "

    When you want to change the account your Direct Debit is taken from you can either:

    ", + "
  • ask your new bank or building society to move your Direct Debits from your old account
    • ", + "
  • change to another account you already have
    • ", + "

    You can also change to paying by credit or debit card.

    ", + "

    Switching bank or building society

    ", + "

    Most UK banks can move Direct Debits from your old bank account to your new one.

    ", + "

    You do not need to tell DVLA or do anything else.

    ", + "

    Move your Direct Debit to an account you already have

    ", + "

    Your bank might be able to move a Direct Debit from one of your accounts to another if both accounts are with them - check with your bank.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if your bank cannot move the Direct Debit to your new account or the 2 accounts are with different banks.

    ", + "

    Pay with a debit or credit card

    ", + "
  • Ask your bank or building society to cancel your Direct Debit. You can keep driving your vehicle until the date your next Direct Debit payment was due.
    • ", + "
  • Tax your vehicle on the first day of the month that your next Direct Debit payment was due. Use the 11 digit number on your vehicle log book (V5C).
    • ", + "
  • Pay the tax for your vehicle using a debit or credit card.
    • ", + "

    If a Direct Debit payment fails

    ", + "

    The Direct Debit account holder will get an email from DVLA if a payment fails because there is not enough money in the account.

    ", + "

    DVLA will try to take the payment again within 4 working days. If that also fails, you\u2019ll get an email telling you that:

    ", + "
  • the Direct Debit has failed twice and has been permanently cancelled
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle is no longer taxed
    • ", + "

    What to do if your Direct Debit is cancelled

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to tax your vehicle using your vehicle log book (V5C). You\u2019ll need to either:

    ", + "
  • make sure there\u2019s enough money in your account and set up a new Direct Debit
    • ", + "
  • use a new payment method, for example, a debit card or Direct Debit from another account with enough money in it
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to drive your vehicle until you\u2019ve taxed it.

    ", + "

    If you do not do anything

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be fined \u00a380 if you do not tax your vehicle or tell DVLA that it\u2019s off the road. You\u2019ll also have to pay for the time it was not taxed.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay your fine on time your vehicle could be clamped or crushed, or your details passed to a debt collection agency.

    ", + "

    Cancel a Direct Debit

    ", + "

    DVLA will cancel your Direct Debit when you tell them your vehicle\u2019s been:

    ", + "
  • sold or transferred to someone else
    • ", + "
  • taken off the road, for example, you\u2019re keeping it in a garage - this is called a Statutory Off Road Notification (SORN)
    • ", + "
  • written off by your insurance company
    • ", + "
  • scrapped at a vehicle scrapyard
    • ", + "
  • stolen - you\u2019ll have to apply for a refund separately
    • ", + "
  • exported out of the UK
    • ", + "

    The Direct Debit will also be cancelled if you no longer have to pay vehicle tax because you\u2019ve told DVLA:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s being used by a disabled person
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle is historic (it\u2019s over 40 years old)
    • ", + "

    If you overpaid your tax

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically get a refund cheque for any full months left on your vehicle tax. The refund is calculated from the date DVLA gets your information.

    ", + "

    If you cancel your Direct Debit just before a monthly payment is due, DVLA may still take the payment. You\u2019ll automatically get a refund within 10 working days if this happens.

    ", + "

    Cancelling the Direct Debit for other reasons

    ", + "

    If you cancel your Direct Debit with your bank or building society for any other reason, you must tax your vehicle again using either:

    ", + "
  • a Direct Debit from an account with enough money in it
    • ", + "
  • another payment method, for example, by debit or credit card
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Vehicle tax rates", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-tax-rate-tables", + "contents": [ + "

    Cars registered on or after 1 April 2017

    ", + "

    You need to pay tax when the vehicle is first registered, this covers the vehicle for 12 months.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then pay vehicle tax every 6 or 12 months at a different rate.

    ", + "

    First tax payment when you register the vehicle

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay a rate based on a vehicle\u2019s CO2 emissions the first time it\u2019s registered.

    ", + "

    This also applies to some motorhomes.

    ", + "

    You have to pay a higher rate for diesel cars that do not meet the Real Driving Emissions 2 (RDE2) standard for nitrogen oxide emissions. You can ask your car\u2019s manufacturer if your car meets the RDE2 standard.

    ", + "CO2 emissions | Diesel cars (TC49) that meet the RDE2 standard and petrol cars (TC48) | All other diesel cars (TC49) | Alternative fuel cars (TC59)", + "0g/km | \u00a30 | \u00a30 | \u00a30", + "1 to 50g/km | \u00a310 | \u00a325 | \u00a30", + "51 to 75g/km | \u00a325 | \u00a3115 | \u00a315", + "76 to 90g/km | \u00a3115 | \u00a3140 | \u00a3105", + "91 to 100g/km | \u00a3140 | \u00a3160 | \u00a3130", + "101 to 110g/km | \u00a3160 | \u00a3180 | \u00a3150", + "111 to 130g/km | \u00a3180 | \u00a3220 | \u00a3170", + "131 to 150g/km | \u00a3220 | \u00a3555 | \u00a3210", + "151 to 170g/km | \u00a3555 | \u00a3895 | \u00a3545", + "171 to 190g/km | \u00a3895 | \u00a31,345 | \u00a3885", + "191 to 225g/km | \u00a31,345 | \u00a31,910 | \u00a31,335", + "226 to 255g/km | \u00a31,910 | \u00a32,245 | \u00a31,900", + "Over 255g/km | \u00a32,245 | \u00a32,245 | \u00a32,235", + "

    This payment covers your vehicle for 12 months.

    ", + "

    Rates for second tax payment onwards

    ", + "Fuel type | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly payments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit", + "Petrol or diesel | \u00a3155 | \u00a3155 | \u00a3162.75 | \u00a385.25 | \u00a381.38", + "Electric | \u00a30 | N/A | N/A | \u00a30 | N/A", + "Alternative | \u00a3145 | \u00a3145 | \u00a3152.25 | \u00a379.75 | \u00a376.13", + "

    Alternative fuel vehicles include hybrids, bioethanol and liquid petroleum gas.

    ", + "

    Vehicles with a list price of more than \u00a340,000

    ", + "

    You have to pay an extra \u00a3335 a year if you have a car or motorhome with a \u2018list price\u2019 (the published price before any discounts) of more than \u00a340,000. You do not have to pay this if you have a zero emission vehicle.

    ", + "

    You only have to pay this rate for 5 years (from the second time the vehicle is taxed).

    ", + "

    Check the list price with your dealer so you know how much vehicle tax you\u2019ll have to pay.

    ", + "Fuel type | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly payments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit", + "Petrol or diesel | \u00a3490 | \u00a3490 | \u00a3514.50 | \u00a3269.50 | \u00a3257.25", + "Alternative | \u00a3480 | \u00a3480 | \u00a3504 | \u00a3264 | \u00a3252", + "

    Cars registered between 1 March 2001 and 31 March 2017

    ", + "

    The rate of vehicle tax is based on fuel type and CO2 emissions.

    ", + "

    CO2 emission details are shown on the car\u2019s V5C registration certificate, or you can find emission details online.

    ", + "

    Petrol car (TC48) and diesel car (TC49)

    ", + "Band and CO2 emission | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit", + "A: Up to 100g/km | \u00a30 | \u00a30 | N/A | N/A | N/A", + "B: 101 to 110g/km | \u00a320 | \u00a320 | \u00a321 | N/A | N/A", + "C: 111 to 120g/km | \u00a330 | \u00a330 | \u00a331.50 | N/A | N/A", + "D: 121 to 130g/km | \u00a3130 | \u00a3130 | \u00a3136.50 | \u00a371.50 | \u00a368.25", + "E: 131 to 140g/km | \u00a3155 | \u00a3155 | \u00a3162.75 | \u00a385.25 | \u00a381.38", + "F: 141 to 150g/km | \u00a3170 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3178.50 | \u00a393.50 | \u00a389.25", + "G: 151 to 165g/km | \u00a3210 | \u00a3210 | \u00a3220.50 | \u00a3115.50 | \u00a3110.25", + "H: 166 to 175g/km | \u00a3250 | \u00a3250 | \u00a3262.50 | \u00a3137.50 | \u00a3131.25", + "I: 176 to 185g/km | \u00a3275 | \u00a3275 | \u00a3288.75 | \u00a3151.25 | \u00a3144.38", + "J: 186 to 200g/km | \u00a3315 | \u00a3315 | \u00a3330.75 | \u00a3173.25 | \u00a3165.38", + "K*: 201 to 225g/km | \u00a3340 | \u00a3340 | \u00a3357 | \u00a3187 | \u00a3178.50", + "L: 226 to 255g/km | \u00a3585 | \u00a3585 | \u00a3614.25 | \u00a3321.75 | \u00a3307.13", + "M: Over 255g/km | \u00a3600 | \u00a3600 | \u00a3630 | \u00a3330 | \u00a3315", + "

    *Includes cars with a CO2 figure over 225g/km but were registered before 23 March 2006.

    ", + "

    Alternative fuel car (TC59)

    ", + "Band and CO2 emission | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit", + "A: Up to 100g/km | \u00a30 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A", + "B: 101 to 110g/km | \u00a310 | \u00a310 | \u00a310.50 | N/A | N/A", + "C: 111 to 120g/km | \u00a320 | \u00a320 | \u00a321 | N/A | N/A", + "D: 121 to 130g/km | \u00a3120 | \u00a3120 | \u00a3126 | \u00a366 | \u00a363", + "E: 131 to 140g/km | \u00a3145 | \u00a3145 | \u00a3152.25 | \u00a379.75 | \u00a376.13", + "F: 141 to 150g/km | \u00a3160 | \u00a3160 | \u00a3168 | \u00a388 | \u00a384", + "G: 151 to 165g/km | \u00a3200 | \u00a3200 | \u00a3210 | \u00a3110 | \u00a3105", + "H: 166 to 175g/km | \u00a3240 | \u00a3240 | \u00a3252 | \u00a3132 | \u00a3126", + "I: 176 to 185g/km | \u00a3265 | \u00a3265 | \u00a3278.25 | \u00a3145.75 | \u00a3139.13", + "J: 186 to 200g/km | \u00a3305 | \u00a3305 | \u00a3320.25 | \u00a3167.75 | \u00a3160.13", + "K*: 201 to 225g/km | \u00a3330 | \u00a3330 | \u00a3346.50 | \u00a3181.50 | \u00a3173.25", + "L: 226 to 255g/km | \u00a3575 | \u00a3575 | \u00a3603.75 | \u00a3316.25 | \u00a3301.88", + "M: Over 255g/km | \u00a3590 | \u00a3590 | \u00a3619.50 | \u00a3324.50 | \u00a3309.75", + "

    *Includes cars with a CO2 figure over 225g/km but were registered before 23 March 2006.

    ", + "

    Cars and light goods vehicles registered before 1 March 2001

    ", + "

    The rate of vehicle tax is based on engine size.

    ", + "

    Private or light goods (TC11)

    ", + "Engine size (cc) | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit", + "Not over 1549 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3178.50 | \u00a393.50 | \u00a389.25", + "Over 1549 | \u00a3280 | \u00a3280 | \u00a3294 | \u00a3154 | \u00a3147", + "

    Motorhomes

    ", + "

    The rate of vehicle tax is based on the vehicle\u2019s revenue weight (also known as maximum or gross vehicle weight).

    ", + "

    Private or light goods (TC11)

    ", + "

    Private or light goods vehicles have a revenue weight of 3,500kg or less.

    ", + "Engine size (cc) | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit", + "Not over 1549 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3178.50 | \u00a393.50 | \u00a389.25", + "Over 1549 | \u00a3280 | \u00a3280 | \u00a3294 | \u00a3154 | \u00a3147", + "

    Private heavy goods (TC10)

    ", + "

    Private heavy goods vehicles have a revenue weight that\u2019s over 3,500kg.

    ", + "Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit", + "\u00a3165 | \u00a3165 | \u00a3173.25 | \u00a390.75 | \u00a386.63", + "

    If your motorhome was registered between 1 April 2017 and 11 March 2020

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay a different rate of tax if both of the following apply to your motorhome:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s in the M1SP category - check with your dealer if you\u2019re not sure
    • ", + "
  • its CO2 emissions are included on the \u2018type approval certificate\u2019 (this might be called a \u2018certificate of conformity\u2019 or \u2018individual vehicle approval\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Other vehicle tax rates

    ", + "

    Light goods vehicles (TC39)

    ", + "

    Registered on or after 1 March 2001 and not over 3,500kg revenue weight (also known as maximum or gross vehicle weight).

    ", + "Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit", + "\u00a3275 | \u00a3275 | \u00a3288.75 | \u00a3151.25 | \u00a3144.38", + "

    Euro 4 light goods vehicles (TC36)

    ", + "

    Registered between 1 March 2003 and 31 December 2006, Euro 4 compliant and not over 3,500kg revenue weight.

    ", + "Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit", + "\u00a3140 | \u00a3140 | \u00a3147 | \u00a377 | \u00a373.50", + "

    Euro 5 light goods vehicles (TC36)

    ", + "

    Registered between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2010, Euro 5 compliant and not over 3,500kg revenue weight.

    ", + "Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit", + "\u00a3140 | \u00a3140 | \u00a3147 | \u00a377 | \u00a373.50", + "

    Motorcycle (with or without sidecar) (TC17)

    ", + "Engine size (cc) | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit", + "Not over 150 | \u00a321 | \u00a321 | \u00a322.05 | N/A | N/A", + "151-400 | \u00a345 | \u00a345 | \u00a347.25 | N/A | N/A", + "401-600 | \u00a369 | \u00a369 | \u00a372.45 | \u00a337.95 | \u00a336.23", + "Over 600 | \u00a396 | \u00a396 | \u00a3100.80 | \u00a352.80 | \u00a350.40", + "

    Tricycles (not over 450kg unladen) (TC50)

    ", + "Engine size (cc) | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit", + "Tricycle not over 150 | \u00a321 | \u00a321 | \u00a322.05 | N/A | N/A", + "All other tricycles | \u00a396 | \u00a396 | \u00a3100.80 | \u00a352.80 | \u00a350.40", + "

    Trade licences

    ", + "

    You can get trade licences for between 6 and 12 months, depending on the month you apply.

    ", + "Month you apply | When the licence expires | How long it\u2019s valid for | Rate of duty for all vehicles | Rate of duty for bicycles and tricycles", + "January (6 month licence) | June | 6 months | \u00a393.50 | \u00a352.80", + "January (12 month licence) | December | 12 months | \u00a3170 | \u00a396", + "February | December | 11 months | \u00a3170 | \u00a396", + "March | December | 10 months | \u00a3155.85 | \u00a388", + "April | December | 9 months | \u00a3140.25 | \u00a379.20", + "May | December | 8 months | \u00a3124.65 | \u00a370.40", + "June | December | 7 months | \u00a3109.10 | \u00a361.60", + "July | December | 6 months | \u00a393.50 | \u00a352.80", + "August | June | 11 months | \u00a3170 | \u00a396", + "September | June | 10 months | \u00a3155.85 | \u00a388", + "October | June | 9 months | \u00a3140.25 | \u00a379.20", + "November | June | 8 months | \u00a3124.65 | \u00a370.40", + "December | June | 7 months | \u00a3109.10 | \u00a361.60" + ] + }, + { + "title": "Historic (classic) vehicles: MOT and vehicle tax", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/historic-vehicles", + "contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    The date your vehicle was built or first registered affects whether you need to:

    ", + "
  • get an MOT
    • ", + "
  • pay vehicle tax
    • ", + "

    Vehicles that do not need an MOT

    ", + "

    You do not need to get an MOT if:

    ", + "
  • the vehicle was built or first registered more than 40 years ago
    • ", + "
  • no \u2018substantial changes\u2019 have been made to the vehicle in the last 30 years, for example replacing the chassis, body, axles or engine to change the way the vehicle works
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure if there have been any substantial changes you can:

    ", + "
  • read the full guidance on MOT exemptions for historic vehicles
    • ", + "
  • speak to a historic vehicle expert
    • ", + "

    Vehicles exempt from vehicle tax

    ", + "

    If your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981, you can stop paying vehicle tax from 1 April 2021.

    ", + "

    If you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was registered before 8 January 1981, you do not need to pay vehicle tax from 1 April 2021.

    ", + "

    What you have to do

    ", + "

    You must apply for a vehicle tax exemption to stop paying vehicle tax. This is sometimes called putting a vehicle into the \u2018historic tax class\u2019.

    ", + "

    You do not have to apply to stop getting an MOT for your vehicle each year. However, you must still keep it in a roadworthy condition.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a32,500 and get 3 penalty points for using a vehicle in a dangerous condition.

    ", + "

    Historic vehicle tax exemption

    ", + "

    You can apply to stop paying for vehicle tax from 1 April 2021 if your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981. You must tax your vehicle even if you do not have to pay.

    ", + "

    If you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was first registered before 8 January 1981, you can still apply to stop paying vehicle tax.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will not be exempt from vehicle tax if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s used for hire or reward (for example, it\u2019s used as a taxi for paying customers)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s used commercially for a trade or business
    • ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure if your vehicle is exempt.

    ", + "

    Eligible vehicles

    ", + "

    You can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:

    ", + "
  • cars
    • ", + "
  • vans
    • ", + "
  • motorcycles
    • ", + "
  • tricycles
    • ", + "

    Large vehicles and buses

    ", + "

    You can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:

    ", + "
  • private heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) - they cannot be designed or adapted for transporting goods, or be used for driver training
    • ", + "
  • buses used for voluntary or community purposes
    • ", + "

    Specialist vehicles

    ", + "

    You can also apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:

    ", + "
  • mobile cranes and pumps
    • ", + "
  • road rollers, works trucks and digging machines
    • ", + "
  • agricultural machines and mowing machines
    • ", + "
  • snowploughs and gritting vehicles
    • ", + "
  • electric vehicles
    • ", + "
  • steam vehicles
    • ", + "

    Apply for a vehicle tax exemption

    ", + "

    Apply at a Post Office that deals with vehicle tax.

    ", + "

    You need to take:

    ", + "
  • the log book (V5C) in your name
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle tax reminder letter (V11), if you have one
    • ", + "
  • an MOT certificate that\u2019s valid when the tax starts, or evidence if your vehicle\u2019s exempt from an MOT (V112)
    • ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the log book, download and fill in an application for a log book (V62). Take it to the Post Office with the \u00a325 fee.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "
  • The Post Office sends your log book to DVLA.
    • ", + "
  • DVLA will send you an updated log book.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a refund (if you\u2019re due one). It will take longer than usual to get your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVLA if you have not got your refund within 6 weeks of getting your updated log book.
    • ", + "

    You can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.

    ", + "

    Renewing your historic vehicle's vehicle tax

    ", + "

    DVLA will send you a vehicle tax reminder letter before your tax is due to expire. You\u2019ll need to tax your vehicle, but will not need to pay.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to drive your vehicle if you have not taxed it. You can be fined \u00a380 if you do not tax your vehicle on time.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Change your vehicle's tax class", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-tax-class", + "contents": [ + "

    Vehicle changes that affect tax

    ", + "

    If you make changes to your vehicle it could affect:

    ", + "
  • how much vehicle tax you pay
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle\u2019s tax class
    • ", + "

    Changes that affect your vehicle include:

    ", + "
  • the engine size (cc)
    • ", + "
  • the fuel type
    • ", + "
  • the weight (goods vehicles only)
    • ", + "
  • the number of seats (buses only)
    • ", + "
  • what you use the vehicle for, for example using a minibus for profit
    • ", + "

    You will not have to pay vehicle tax or will pay a lower rate if it\u2019s being used by:

    ", + "
  • a disabled person
    • ", + "
  • an organisation providing transport for disabled people
    • ", + "

    How to change your vehicle\u2019s tax class

    ", + "

    How you change your vehicle\u2019s tax class depends on if:

    ", + "
  • the tax is due to run out (you\u2019ve had a reminder or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter)
    • ", + "
  • the tax is not due to run out
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re changing whether or not the vehicle is exempt from vehicle tax, for example changing a car into or out of the disabled tax class
    • ", + "

    Work out the new tax rate

    ", + "

    You need to work out if you\u2019ll need to pay more tax because of the change.

    ", + "
  • Find out the new rate of vehicle tax.
    • ", + "
  • Work out the difference between the old and new rates of your vehicle tax. For example, if the old rate is \u00a3100 and the new rate is \u00a3130, the difference is \u00a330.
    • ", + "
  • Divide the difference by the number of months you pay your tax over. For example, \u00a330 divided by 12 months is \u00a32.50.
    • ", + "
  • Multiply this by the number of months remaining on the tax. For example, \u00a32.50 multiplied by 4 months is \u00a310.
    • ", + "
  • Pay the extra vehicle tax. In this example you would need to pay \u00a310 extra tax.
    • ", + "

    If the tax rate increases

    ", + "

    You have to pay the increased rate from the first day of the month you change the tax rate in.

    ", + "

    If the tax rate decreases

    ", + "

    You pay the decreased rate from the first day of the next month.

    ", + "

    Tax is not due to run out

    ", + "

    Use form V70 to change your vehicle\u2019s tax class if the tax is not due to run out.

    ", + "

    You apply a different way if you\u2019ve had a reminder letter or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter.

    ", + "

    What to send

    ", + "

    Send the form to DVLA with:

    ", + "
  • the V5C vehicle registration certificate (log book) with any changes marked on it
    • ", + "
  • a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVLA, Swansea\u2019 for any extra vehicle tax you have to pay - damaged or altered cheques will not be accepted
    • ", + "
  • a current MOT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)
    • ", + "
  • written proof if you\u2019ve decreased engine size or changed fuel type, for example a new engine receipt or letter from the garage that made the change
    • ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the V5C, download and fill in a V62 form. Send it to DVLA with the \u00a325 fee.

    ", + "

    Lorries and buses

    ", + "

    You also need to send the following if they\u2019re required for your vehicle:

    ", + "
  • a plating or weight certificate
    • ", + "
  • for buses only - a certificate of initial fitness, certificate of conformity or equivalent PSV401, PSV408, PDV500 or PSV506
    • ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a confirmation from DVLA that the change has been made.
    • ", + "
  • DVLA will send you an updated V5C.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a refund if you\u2019re due one. It will take longer than usual to send your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19).
    • ", + "

    You can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.

    ", + "

    Tax is due to run out or changing if the vehicle is exempt

    ", + "

    Change your vehicle\u2019s tax class at a Post Office that deals with vehicle tax if either:

    ", + "
  • the vehicle tax is due to run out (you\u2019ve had a reminder or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re changing whether a vehicle is exempt from vehicle tax or not, for example, it\u2019s being used by a disabled person
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for a vehicle tax reduction because you\u2019re disabled, you need to apply by post to DVLA.

    ", + "

    What to take to the Post Office

    ", + "

    Vehicle registration documents

    ", + "

    Take the V5C registration certificate (log book) in your name.

    ", + "

    If you do not have one, you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a completed application for a new registration certificate - either download form V62 or get it from the Post Office
    • ", + "
  • your \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip, if you\u2019ve just bought the vehicle
    • ", + "

    A new registration certificate is free if you have a \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip. Otherwise the cost is \u00a325.

    ", + "

    Other documents

    ", + "

    You must also take:

    ", + "
  • your vehicle tax reminder letter (V11) if you have one
    • ", + "
  • an MOT certificate that\u2019s valid when the tax starts, or evidence if your vehicle\u2019s exempt from an MOT (V112)
    • ", + "
  • evidence of any eligibility for a disability exemption
    • ", + "
  • payment for vehicle tax (if you have to pay for your new tax class)
    • ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    If you drive a lorry or bus, you also need to take the vehicle\u2019s latest annual test certificate or exemption (V112G).

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "
  • The Post Office sends your V5C, new keeper slip or V62 to DVLA.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a confirmation from DVLA that the change has been made.
    • ", + "
  • DVLA will send you an updated V5C.
    • ", + "
  • DVLA will send you a refund if you\u2019re due one. It will take longer than usual to send your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19).
    • ", + "

    You can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Getting an MOT", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-an-mot", + "contents": [ + "

    When to get an MOT

    ", + "

    The MOT test checks that your vehicle meets road safety and environmental standards.

    ", + "

    You must get an MOT for your vehicle by either:

    ", + "
  • the third anniversary of its registration
    • ", + "
  • the anniversary of its last MOT, if it\u2019s over 3 years old
    • ", + "

    Some vehicles need to be tested at one year old - check the MOT fees table to see which.

    ", + "

    Find out how to check your MOT expiry date.

    ", + "

    There are different rules and processes in Northern Ireland for MOTs for vehicles registered in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19): getting an MOT

    ", + "

    You need to get an MOT for your vehicle as usual.

    ", + "

    Do not take your vehicle to an MOT centre in person if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has coronavirus
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    If you cannot take your vehicle in person

    ", + "

    Some MOT centres will collect your vehicle for the MOT and then return it. Contact an MOT centre to see if this service is available.

    ", + "

    You can also get someone else to take your vehicle into a test centre if you insure them on your vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get your vehicle collected or taken in for you, you must wait until you\u2019re no longer self-isolating to take it into a test centre.

    ", + "

    If the MOT has run out

    ", + "
  • If your tax is due to run out, register your vehicle as \u2018off the road\u2019 - you cannot renew your vehicle tax if your MOT has expired.
    • ", + "
  • Book an MOT test.
    • ", + "
  • Tax your vehicle once it has passed its MOT.
    • ", + "

    You cannot drive or park your vehicle on the road if the MOT has run out. You can be prosecuted if caught.

    ", + "

    The only exceptions are to drive it:

    ", + "
  • to or from somewhere to be repaired
    • ", + "
  • to a pre-arranged MOT test
    • ", + "

    Earliest date you can get an MOT

    ", + "

    An MOT lasts for a year. The date it runs out is printed on your current MOT pass certificate.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving a vehicle without a valid MOT.

    ", + "

    You can get an MOT up to a month (minus a day) before it runs out and keep the same renewal date.

    ", + "

    You can get an MOT earlier, but the renewal date for the following year will change to one year (minus a day) from the date the vehicle last passed its MOT.

    ", + "

    Booking an MOT

    ", + "

    You must use an approved MOT test centre to get your MOT.

    ", + "

    Only centres showing the blue sign with 3 white triangles can carry out your MOT.

    ", + "

    How you can book

    ", + "

    Contact an MOT centre to book an MOT.

    ", + "

    There are maximum fees that the MOT centre can charge.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process to book an MOT in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    MOT costs

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a maximum amount MOT test stations can charge. This depends on the type of vehicle.

    ", + "

    The maximum fee for a car is \u00a354.85 and \u00a329.65 for a standard motorcycle.

    ", + "

    You do not pay VAT on the fee.

    ", + " | Vehicle class | Age first MOT needed (years) | Maximum MOT fee", + "Motorcycle (engine size up to 200cc) | 1 | 3 | \u00a329.65", + "Motorcycle with sidecar (engine size up to 200cc) | 1 | 3 | \u00a337.80", + "Motorcycle (engine size over 200cc) | 2 | 3 | \u00a329.65", + "Motorcycle with sidecar (engine size over 200cc) | 2 | 3 | \u00a337.80", + "3-wheeled vehicles (up to 450kg unladen weight) | 3 | 3 | \u00a337.80", + "3-wheeled vehicles (over 450kg unladen weight) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85", + "Cars (up to 8 passenger seats) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85", + "Motor caravans | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85", + "Quads (max unladen weight 400kg - for goods vehicles 550kg and max net power of 15kw) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85", + "Dual purpose vehicles | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85", + "Private hire and public service vehicles (up to 8 seats) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85", + "Ambulances and taxis | 4 | 1 | \u00a354.85", + "Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (9 to 12 passenger seats) | 4 | 1 | \u00a357.30", + "Goods vehicles (up to 3,000kg design gross weight) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85", + "Class 4 vehicles (9 to 12 passenger seats) with a seat belt installation check | 4a | n/a | \u00a364", + "Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (13 to 16 passenger seats) | 5 | 1 | \u00a359.55", + "Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (more than 16 passenger seats) | 5 | 1 | \u00a380.65", + "Playbuses | 5 | 1 | \u00a380.65", + "Class 5 vehicles (13 to 16 passenger seats) with a seatbelt installation check | 5a | n/a | \u00a380.50", + "Class 5 vehicles (more than 16 passenger seats) with a seatbelt installation check | 5a | n/a | \u00a3124.50", + "Goods vehicles (over 3,000kg up to 3,500kg design gross weight) | 7 | 3 | \u00a358.60", + "

    How the MOT test works

    ", + "

    During the MOT, important parts on your vehicle will be checked to make sure they meet the legal standards.

    ", + "

    You can watch the test from a viewing area but you\u2019re not allowed to interrupt the tester.

    ", + "

    Parts that are tested

    ", + "

    You can read more about what\u2019s tested for cars and motorcycles.

    ", + "

    The test does not cover the condition of the engine, clutch or gearbox.

    ", + "

    The MOT guide and inspection manuals tell you everything that\u2019s tested.

    ", + "

    MOT test result

    ", + "

    Your vehicle can either pass or fail the MOT.

    ", + "

    Passing the MOT

    ", + "

    If your vehicle passes the MOT:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll get an MOT certificate from the test centre
    • ", + "
  • it will be recorded in the MOT database
    • ", + "

    You might also get a list of \u2018minor\u2019 or \u2018advisory\u2019 problems to monitor or fix in the future.

    ", + "

    Failing the MOT

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will fail if the test result lists \u2018dangerous\u2019 or \u2018major\u2019 problems with your vehicle. You might not be allowed to drive until you fix the problems.

    ", + "

    You might also get a list of \u2018minor\u2019 or \u2018advisory\u2019 problems to monitor or fix in the future.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle fails the MOT:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll get a \u2018refusal of an MOT test certificate\u2019 from the test centre
    • ", + "
  • it will be recorded in the MOT database
    • ", + "

    You can appeal the result if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    Driving a vehicle that\u2019s failed

    ", + "

    You can take your vehicle away if:

    ", + "
  • your current MOT certificate is still valid
    • ", + "
  • no \u2018dangerous\u2019 problems were listed in the MOT
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, you\u2019ll need to get it repaired before you can drive.

    ", + "

    If you can take your vehicle away, it must still meet the minimum standards of roadworthiness at all times.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for driving a vehicle that has failed its MOT because of a \u2018dangerous\u2019 problem.

    ", + "

    Retest after a repair

    ", + "

    In some cases your vehicle can have a partial retest for free or a reduced MOT fee.

    ", + "

    Leaving your vehicle for repair

    ", + "

    You only need a partial retest if you leave the vehicle at the test centre for repair and it\u2019s retested within 10 working days. There\u2019s no fee for this.

    ", + "

    Taking your vehicle away for repairs

    ", + "

    You can take your vehicle away if your MOT certificate is still valid.

    ", + "

    If your MOT has run out you can take your vehicle to:

    ", + "
  • have the failed defects fixed
    • ", + "
  • a pre-arranged MOT test appointment
    • ", + "

    In both cases, your vehicle still needs to meet the minimum standards of roadworthiness at all times or you can be fined.

    ", + "

    Taking it back for a retest the next working day

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay again if you take it back to the same test centre before the end of the next working day for a partial retest on one or more of these items:

    ", + "
  • access panels
    • ", + "
  • battery
    • ", + "
  • bonnet
    • ", + "
  • bootlid
    • ", + "
  • brake pedal antislip
    • ", + "
  • break glass hammer (class 5 vehicles only)
    • ", + "
  • doors (including hinges, catches and pillars)
    • ", + "
  • door open warning device (class 5 vehicles only)
    • ", + "
  • dropsides
    • ", + "
  • electrical wiring
    • ", + "
  • emergency exits and signs (class 5 vehicles only)
    • ", + "
  • entrance door remote control (class 5 vehicles only)
    • ", + "
  • entrance/exit steps (class 5 vehicles only)
    • ", + "
  • fuel filler cap
    • ", + "
  • headlamp cleaning or levelling devices (that does not need a headlamp aim check)
    • ", + "
  • horn
    • ", + "
  • lamps (excluding headlamp aim)
    • ", + "
  • loading door
    • ", + "
  • main beam \u2018tell-tale\u2019
    • ", + "
  • mirrors
    • ", + "
  • rear reflectors
    • ", + "
  • registration plates
    • ", + "
  • seatbelts (but not anchorages), seatbelt load limiter and seatbelt pre-tensioner
    • ", + "
  • seats
    • ", + "
  • sharp edges or projections
    • ", + "
  • stairs (class 5 vehicles only)
    • ", + "
  • steering wheel
    • ", + "
  • tailboard
    • ", + "
  • tailgate
    • ", + "
  • trailer electrical sockets
    • ", + "
  • towbars (excluding body around anchorage points)
    • ", + "
  • tyre pressure monitoring system
    • ", + "
  • vehicle identification number (VIN)
    • ", + "
  • windscreen glass, wipers and washers
    • ", + "
  • wheels and tyres (excluding motorcycles and motorcycles with sidecar)
    • ", + "

    Taking it back for a retest within 10 working days

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only need a partial retest if you take the vehicle from the test centre for repairs and take it back within 10 working days. You can be charged a partial retest fee for this.

    ", + "

    In all other cases, you\u2019ll need to get a full retest and pay the full MOT test fee again.

    ", + "

    Test result appeals and problems

    ", + "

    You can appeal an MOT test failure or complain to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you think your vehicle should not have passed.

    ", + "

    You can take your own action against an MOT test centre through Trading Standards, personal legal proceedings or reporting the centre to the police. DVSA cannot help you take action against a centre.

    ", + "

    Appeal if your vehicle failed an MOT

    ", + "

    You need to discuss your test results with the test centre before anyone starts repairs.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against the failure if you think it\u2019s wrong. Fill in the complaint form and send it to DVSA within 14 working days of the test.

    ", + "

    DVSA will contact you within 5 days to discuss your appeal.

    ", + "

    If DVSA decides to recheck your vehicle, you\u2019ll need to arrange a date and pay the full test fee again. They\u2019ll send you an inspection report listing any vehicle defects.

    ", + "

    You should not have any repairs made until the appeal process has finished.

    ", + "

    If you think your car has passed when it should not have

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to complain to DVSA if you do not think your car should have passed its MOT. Fill in the complaint form and send it to DVSA within the time limits below.

    ", + "

    DVSA will contact you within 5 days to discuss your complaint.

    ", + "

    If DVSA decides to recheck your vehicle, you\u2019ll need to arrange a date. You will not need to pay the test fee again. They\u2019ll send you an inspection report listing any vehicle defects.

    ", + "

    Time limits

    ", + "

    If your vehicle passed, you need to complain within:

    ", + "
  • within 3 months of the MOT if it\u2019s a corrosion-related problem
    • ", + "
  • within 28 days has passed for other defects
    • ", + "

    If you think your MOT certificate is not genuine

    ", + "

    You can check that your MOT certificate is genuine by checking its MOT status.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with your MOT service

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA if you\u2019re not happy with your MOT service.

    ", + "

    Vehicles that do not need an MOT

    ", + "

    You do not need to get an MOT for a vehicle until it reaches the age shown in the MOT fees table.

    ", + "

    Exempt vehicles

    ", + "

    Other vehicles that do not need an MOT include:

    ", + "
  • goods vehicles powered by electricity and registered before 1 March 2015
    • ", + "
  • tractors
    • ", + "
  • some historic (\u2018classic\u2019) vehicles
    • ", + "

    A list of exempt types of vehicles is on the MOT exemption form (V112). You need to fill in the form if your vehicle is listed so that you can either tax it or apply for tax exemption.

    ", + "

    Lorries, buses and trailers

    ", + "

    You must get an annual test for lorries, buses and trailers instead of an MOT. It\u2019s sometimes called the \u2018annual vehicle test\u2019.

    ", + "

    Fix mistakes on your MOT certificate

    ", + "

    You can get information corrected on your MOT certificate (such as the mileage or vehicle details) if it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    Get the wrong mileage corrected

    ", + "

    The way you get the mileage corrected depends on when your MOT was.

    ", + "

    Your MOT was less than 28 days ago

    ", + "

    Ask the MOT centre to check the mileage. They\u2019ll give you a replacement certificate if the mileage is wrong.

    ", + "

    Your MOT was more than 28 days ago

    ", + "

    Report the mistake to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get it corrected.

    ", + "

    You also need to email proof of the mileage, such as a scan or photo of:

    ", + "
  • an invoice for the MOT
    • ", + "
  • an emissions printout
    • ", + "
  • a service receipt
    • ", + "
  • a vehicle job card from the MOT centre
    • ", + "

    They need to show what the mileage should be, and show the same date as the MOT test.

    ", + "

    If your scan or photo includes personal information, for example your payment details, you should blank it out or remove it.

    ", + "

    If you do not send the right evidence, DVSA will not fix the mistakes.

    ", + "

    Once DVSA has updated the mileage, you can check your vehicle\u2019s MOT history and download or print a corrected MOT certificate.

    ", + "

    Get vehicle details or the MOT centre corrected

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA if your MOT certificate has the wrong:

    ", + "
  • vehicle make or model
    • ", + "
  • vehicle colour
    • ", + "
  • country where the vehicle was registered
    • ", + "
  • MOT test centre
    • ", + "

    Add or remove test records

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s an MOT test missing from your vehicle\u2019s MOT history, or a test that does not belong there, email or call DVSA to have it corrected.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give your:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • telephone number
    • ", + "
  • vehicle number plate
    • ", + "
  • vehicle make and model
    • ", + "
  • date of the MOT
    • ", + "
  • MOT test number (if you know it)
    • ", + "
  • MOT test centre name and address
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Vehicle insurance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-insurance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must have motor insurance to drive your vehicle on UK roads.

    ", + "

    Third party insurance is the legal minimum. This means you\u2019re covered if you have an accident causing damage or injury to any other person, vehicle, animal or property. It does not cover any other costs like repair to your own vehicle.

    ", + "

    You may want to use an insurance broker.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in an accident

    ", + "

    If you have an accident causing damage or injury you must give the following to anyone with \u2018reasonable grounds for requiring them\u2019, for example an insurance company:

    ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle registration number
    • ", + "

    You also need to give the owner\u2019s name and address if the vehicle is not yours.

    ", + "

    You must report the accident to the police within 24 hours if you do not give your details at the time of the accident.

    ", + "

    You must also report the accident to your insurance company, even if you\u2019re not planning to make a claim.

    ", + "

    Accidents with uninsured motorists

    ", + "

    You should tell the police if you have an accident with someone who\u2019s not insured.

    ", + "

    Your insurance company will also be able to give you more advice.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to get compensation if you\u2019re the victim of an uninsured or hit and run driver.

    ", + "

    Driving abroad

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re driving in most European countries

    ", + "

    All UK vehicle insurance provides the minimum third party cover to drive in:

    ", + "
  • the EU (including Ireland)
    • ", + "
  • Andorra
    • ", + "
  • Iceland
    • ", + "
  • Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "

    Check with your insurer if your policy has extra cover for things like theft or damage to your car abroad.

    ", + "

    You also need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 to drive your vehicle in these countries.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re driving in the rest of the world

    ", + "

    You may need to carry a green card to prove you have the minimum insurance cover required by the country you\u2019re driving in.

    ", + "

    You may also need additional insurance for your vehicle, trailer or caravan. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re going to.

    ", + "

    Getting a green card from your insurer

    ", + "

    A green card is proof that you have vehicle insurance when driving abroad.

    ", + "

    Contact your insurer to get one for your vehicle. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • post you a green card - allow up to 6 weeks
    • ", + "
  • tell you how to download a green card to print yourself
    • ", + "

    You will need to carry extra green cards if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re towing a trailer or caravan (one for the towing vehicle and one for the trailer or caravan)
    • ", + "
  • you have 2 insurance policies covering your trip (one card for each policy)
    • ", + "
  • you have multi-car or fleet insurance (one for each vehicle on the policy)
    • ", + "

    Showing your green card when driving abroad

    ", + "

    You must show your green card if you\u2019re involved in an accident.

    ", + "

    You may have to show your green card:

    ", + "
  • at the border when moving between countries
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re stopped by the police
    • ", + "

    Uninsured vehicles

    ", + "

    Rules in England, Wales and Scotland

    ", + "

    You must have motor insurance for your vehicle if you use it on roads and in public places.

    ", + "

    You do not need to insure your vehicle if it is kept off the road and declared as off the road (SORN). This rule is called \u2018continuous insurance enforcement\u2019.

    ", + "

    If not, you could:

    ", + "
  • get a fixed penalty of \u00a3100
    • ", + "
  • have your vehicle wheel-clamped, impounded or destroyed
    • ", + "
  • face a court prosecution, with a possible maximum fine of \u00a31,000
    • ", + "

    It does not matter who is driving the car - if you\u2019re the registered keeper, you could get penalised.

    ", + "

    You will also still have to pay for your insurance on top of any fines received.

    ", + "

    You can check if your vehicle is insured on askMID.

    ", + "

    Motor traders - exceptions

    ", + "

    If a vehicle is between registered keepers or registered as \u2018in trade\u2019 with the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), it is excluded from continuous insurance enforcement.

    ", + "

    Vehicles you keep for your own use are not excluded.

    ", + "

    Rules in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    There are different rules for vehicle insurance in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Driving without insurance

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to drive a vehicle on a road or in a public place without at least 3rd party insurance.

    ", + "

    Even if the vehicle itself is insured, if you\u2019re not correctly insured to drive it you could get penalised.

    ", + "

    Penalties for uninsured drivers:

    ", + "

    The police could give you a fixed penalty of \u00a3300 and 6 penalty points if you\u2019re caught driving a vehicle you\u2019re not insured to drive.

    ", + "

    If the case goes to court you could get:

    ", + "
  • an unlimited fine
    • ", + "
  • disqualified from driving
    • ", + "

    The police also have the power to seize, and in some cases, destroy the vehicle that\u2019s being driven uninsured.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Scrapping your vehicle and insurance write-offs", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scrapped-and-written-off-vehicles", + "contents": [ + "

    How to scrap your vehicle

    ", + "

    When your vehicle has reached the end of its usefulness, you must get it scrapped at an authorised treatment facility (ATF). These are sometimes known as a scrapyard or breaker\u2019s yard.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if your vehicle is an insurance write-off.

    ", + "

    Scrap your vehicle without keeping any parts

    ", + "
  • Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.
    • ", + "
  • Scrap your vehicle at an ATF. This is usually free.
    • ", + "
  • Give the ATF the vehicle log book (V5C), but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section from it.
    • ", + "
  • Tell DVLA you\u2019ve taken your vehicle to an ATF.
    • ", + "

    You can be fined \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA.

    ", + "

    Scrap your vehicle and keep parts from it

    ", + "

    You can take parts from your vehicle before you scrap it so you can use them to repair another vehicle.

    ", + "
  • Tell DVLA the vehicle is off the road while you\u2019re taking parts from it. It must be kept off the road, for example in a garage, on a drive or on private land.
    • ", + "
  • Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.
    • ", + "
  • Scrap your vehicle at an ATF when you\u2019ve finished taking parts from it. The ATF can charge a fee if you\u2019ve removed essential parts, such as the engine, gearbox, bodywork or wheels.
    • ", + "
  • Give the ATF the vehicle log book (V5C), but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange\u2019 section from it.
    • ", + "
  • Tell DVLA you\u2019ve taken your vehicle to an ATF.
    • ", + "

    Scrap a vehicle that\u2019s registered abroad

    ", + "

    If you want to scrap a vehicle from another country in the UK, you must use an ATF.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018Certificate of Destruction\u2019 to prove that the vehicle has been destroyed.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to tell the driving authority in the country where the vehicle is registered that it has been scrapped.

    ", + "

    Where you can scrap your vehicle

    ", + "

    Find an authorised treatment facility (ATF) where your vehicle can be scrapped.

    ", + "

    When the ATF has your vehicle, they can decide to:

    ", + "
  • completely scrap it
    • ", + "
  • repair and sell it themselves
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to scrap your vehicle anywhere else.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is completely scrapped

    ", + "

    The ATF will give you a \u2018certificate of destruction\u2019 within 7 days if you\u2019ve scrapped a:

    ", + "
  • car
    • ", + "
  • light van
    • ", + "
  • 3-wheeled motor vehicle (but not a motor tricycle)
    • ", + "

    You will not get a certificate for other types of vehicle.

    ", + "

    The certificate is proof that you\u2019ve handed over the vehicle for scrap. If you do not have it, you could still be liable for:

    ", + "
  • traffic offence penalties
    • ", + "
  • vehicle tax
    • ", + "

    Being paid for your scrapped vehicle

    ", + "

    The ATF will pay you the scrap value of your vehicle.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to be paid in cash if your vehicle is scrapped in England or Wales. You have to be paid by bank transfer or cheque.

    ", + "

    If the ATF repairs and sells your vehicle

    ", + "

    You will not get a certificate of destruction if the ATF decides to repair and sell your vehicle.

    ", + "

    You can be paid for your vehicle by any method, including cash.

    ", + "

    Insurance write-offs

    ", + "

    When you make an insurance claim because your vehicle is damaged, your insurance company will tell you:

    ", + "
  • if your vehicle is being \u2018written off\u2019
    • ", + "
  • how much they\u2019ll pay you
    • ", + "

    When your vehicle is written off, your insurance company pays you the current value of the vehicle, instead of the cost of repairing it.

    ", + "

    Your insurance company will decide if the vehicle should be written off or not.

    ", + "

    Write-off categories

    ", + "

    What you do next depends on which category your vehicle is in.

    ", + "Category | Repairing the vehicle | Using the vehicle", + "A | Cannot be repaired | Entire vehicle has to be crushed", + "B | Cannot be repaired | Body shell has to be crushed, but you can salvage other parts from it", + "C | Can be repaired, but it would cost more than the vehicle\u2019s worth | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition", + "D | Can be repaired and would cost less than the vehicle\u2019s worth, but other costs (such as transporting your vehicle) take it over the vehicle\u2019s value | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition", + "N | Can be repaired following non-structural damage | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition", + "S | Can be repaired following structural damage | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    Your insurance company will usually deal with getting the vehicle scrapped for you. You need to follow these steps.

    ", + "
  • Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.
    • ", + "
  • Send the vehicle log book (V5C) to your insurance company, but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section from it.
    • ", + "
  • Tell DVLA your vehicle has been written off.
    • ", + "

    You can be fined \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA.

    ", + "

    Keeping the vehicle

    ", + "

    If you want to keep a vehicle in category C, D, N or S, the insurance company will give you an insurance payout and sell the vehicle back to you.

    ", + "

    To keep a category C or S vehicle, you also need to:

    ", + "
  • send the complete log book to your insurance company
    • ", + "
  • apply for a free duplicate log book using form V62
    • ", + "

    DVLA will record the vehicle\u2019s category in the log book.

    ", + "

    You can keep the log book if you want to keep a category D or N vehicle.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pass Plus", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Pass Plus is a practical training course that takes at least 6 hours and is for drivers to improve their skills and drive more safely.

    ", + "

    It can be taken at any time although it should be most useful to new drivers in the year after passing their test.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Pass Plus registered approved driving instructor (ADI) to teach you.

    ", + "

    It may help you get a car insurance discount if you successfully complete the course.

    ", + "

    Booking Pass Plus

    ", + "

    You need to book Pass Plus with an approved driving instructor (ADI) who is registered with Pass Plus.

    ", + "

    You can contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to check if an instructor is registered with Pass Plus. You\u2019ll need their name and ADI number.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Pass Plus fees depend on where you live, the instructor or driving school and how long your training takes.

    ", + "

    Some local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs.

    ", + "

    Local councils offering discounts

    ", + "

    Some local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs

    ", + "

    Contact your borough, town, city or county council if they are listed to see if they can help you with the cost of your training.

    ", + "

    You must live in the council\u2019s area to be eligible for the discount.

    ", + "

    East Midlands

    ", + "

    North-west

    ", + "

    South-east

    ", + "

    South-west

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    Wales

    ", + "

    All local councils in Wales offer discounted Pass Plus courses. Go to Pass Plus Cymru for more information.

    ", + "

    How Pass Plus training works

    ", + "

    Pass Plus training takes at least 6 hours. It has 6 modules, covering driving:

    ", + "
  • in town
    • ", + "
  • in all weathers
    • ", + "
  • on rural roads
    • ", + "
  • at night
    • ", + "
  • on dual carriageways
    • ", + "
  • on motorways
    • ", + "

    All modules should be practical sessions, although local conditions may mean some are theory based. You\u2019ll normally spend at least 5.5 hours driving.

    ", + "

    You will not take a test but you\u2019ll be assessed throughout the course. To pass you\u2019ll have to reach the required standard in all modules.

    ", + "

    Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) Pass Plus team for more information.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Pass Plus certificate

    ", + "

    You must apply for your own Pass Plus certificate if you want one.

    ", + "

    You need a certificate if you want a discount on your car insurance.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a training report form from your instructor when you\u2019ve reached the required standard in all modules. You and your instructor must sign the form.

    ", + "

    Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) Pass Plus team to apply for your certificate.

    ", + "

    Car insurance discounts

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve completed Pass Plus you may be able to get a car insurance discount. You\u2019ll need your Pass Plus certificate.

    ", + "

    Check with insurers that you can still get a discount if you passed your practical driving test more than a year ago.

    ", + "

    The amount of discount depends on the insurance company. Not all insurers offer Pass Plus discounts.

    ", + "

    You might be able to put the discount on hold for up to 2 years if you do not have a car at the moment - check with the insurance company first.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Driving lessons and learning to drive", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-lessons-learning-to-drive", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a provisional driving licence when you\u2019re 15 years and 9 months old.

    ", + "

    You can start driving a car when you\u2019re 17.

    ", + "

    You can drive a car when you are 16 if you get, or have applied for, the enhanced rate of the mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP).

    ", + "

    Check which vehicles you can learn to drive.

    ", + "

    Learning to drive during coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You can take driving lessons anywhere in the UK.

    ", + "

    You and any passengers should wear a face covering, unless you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, you can be fined if you do not wear a face covering during a driving lesson.

    ", + "

    Check the rules for practising with friends and family.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re learning to drive in Scotland

    ", + "

    You and the person teaching you to drive must wear face coverings during driving lessons and practice sessions in Scotland.

    ", + "

    If you do not wear a face covering, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "
  • you and the person teaching you live in the same household
    • ", + "

    Wearing glasses does not count as a good reason.

    ", + "

    You can be fined \u00a360 if you do not wear a face covering during a driving lesson in Scotland. This will be reduced to \u00a330 if you pay within 28 days.

    ", + "

    Rules for learning to drive

    ", + "

    You must have a provisional driving licence for Great Britain or Northern Ireland when you\u2019re learning to drive or ride.

    ", + "

    You must be supervised when you\u2019re learning to drive a car. This can be by a driving instructor or someone else who meets the rules, for example family or friends.

    ", + "

    The car you learn in must display \u2018L\u2019 plates.

    ", + "

    You can drive at any time, day and night.

    ", + "

    You can only drive on motorways if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re driving in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re with an approved driving instructor
    • ", + "
  • the car is fitted with dual controls
    • ", + "

    Speed limits

    ", + "

    In England, Scotland and Wales the speed limits when driving with \u2018L\u2019 plates are the same as when you\u2019ve passed your test.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland the speed limit is 45 miles per hour when you\u2019re learning to drive a car.

    ", + "

    Taking driving lessons

    ", + "

    Anyone you pay to teach you to drive must be either:

    ", + "
  • a qualified and approved driving instructor (ADI)
    • ", + "
  • a trainee driving instructor
    • ", + "

    You can find your nearest driving instructors.

    ", + "

    There are different rules in Northern Ireland for choosing an instructor.

    ", + "

    Instructors set their own prices for driving lessons - there\u2019s no minimum or maximum cost.

    ", + "

    Check your instructor\u2019s badge

    ", + "

    Instructors have to display a badge in their windscreen to prove they\u2019re registered with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). They display:

    ", + "
  • a green badge if they\u2019re a qualified driving instructor
    • ", + "
  • a pink badge if they\u2019re a trainee
    • ", + "

    You can report someone to DVSA if they charge for driving lessons and are not a qualified driving instructor or trainee.

    ", + "

    Driving lessons

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have or hours you must practise driving.

    ", + "

    How many lessons you need will depend on how quickly you learn. You can download a form to record your progress with your instructor.

    ", + "

    You can complain about a driving instructor if you\u2019re not happy with their service or behaviour.

    ", + "

    Practising with family or friends

    ", + "

    In England, you can practice driving with family or friends, but this is restricted to groups of no more than 6 people, or 2 households. Follow the rules for car sharing in the coronavirus (COVID-19) travel guidance.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, there are different rules depending on which area level you are in, but you are legally required to wear a face covering unless you are exempt. Read the guidance on driving lessons in Scotland.

    ", + "

    In Wales, you can practice driving with people you live with or those within your support bubble. You do not need to stay in your local council area.

    ", + "

    Anyone you practise your driving with (without paying them) must:

    ", + "
  • be over 21
    • ", + "
  • be qualified to drive the type of vehicle you want to learn in, for example they must have a manual car licence if they\u2019re supervising you in a manual car
    • ", + "
  • have had their full driving licence for 3 years (from the UK, the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein)
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get up to 6 penalty points on your provisional licence if you drive without the right supervision.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal for your friend or family member to use a mobile phone while supervising you.

    ", + "

    Insurance

    ", + "

    You need your own insurance as a learner driver if you\u2019re practising in a car you own. Your family member or friend will usually be covered on this.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re practising in someone else\u2019s car, you need to make sure their insurance policy covers you as a learner driver.

    ", + "

    Some insurance companies require the person supervising you to be over 25 years old.

    ", + "

    You can get an unlimited fine, be banned from driving and get up to 8 penalty points for driving without insurance.

    ", + "

    Recording your practice

    ", + "

    You can download a form to record any practice you do without your driving instructor.

    ", + "

    Using 'L' and 'P' plates

    ", + "

    You must put an L plate on the front and back of your vehicle so they can be seen easily.

    ", + "

    In Wales, you can use a D plate instead.

    ", + "

    An L plate or D plate must:

    ", + "
  • have a red L or D on a white background
    • ", + "
  • be the right size
    • ", + "

    You can get up to 6 penalty points if you do not display an L plate or if it\u2019s not the right size.

    ", + "

    You should take L plates off your vehicle when it\u2019s not being used by a learner.

    ", + "

    P plates

    ", + "

    You can display green \u2018probationary\u2019 P plates to show that you\u2019ve just passed your driving test. You do not have to display them. You can leave them on your vehicle for as long as you like.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland you must use \u2018R\u2019 plates (restricted driver plates) for one year after you pass your test.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Theory test: cars", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/theory-test", + "contents": [ + "

    Booking your test

    ", + "

    You must have a provisional driving licence to book your theory test.

    ", + "

    There are 2 parts to the test:

    ", + "
  • multiple-choice questions
    • ", + "
  • hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road
    • ", + "

    You book and take them as a single test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + "

    When you can take the theory test

    ", + "

    You can take the theory test from your 17th birthday onwards.

    ", + "

    You can take it from your 16th birthday if you get, or have applied for, the enhanced rate of the mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP).

    ", + "

    Who needs to take the theory test

    ", + "

    You usually need to take the theory test before you can get your full car driving licence.

    ", + "

    You do not need to take the car theory test if you:

    ", + "
  • want to upgrade an automatic car licence to a manual one
    • ", + "
  • have a category B1 driving licence (3 or 4-wheeled light vehicles) from before 1 February 2001
    • ", + "

    If you have a moped or motorcycle licence

    ", + "

    You must pass a car theory test before taking the car driving test.

    ", + "

    If your licence is not from Great Britain

    ", + "

    Find out if you can drive in Great Britain (GB) with your non-GB licence without taking a theory and driving test.

    ", + "

    Change or check your test details

    ", + "

    You can change the date of your theory test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.

    ", + "

    Rebook your test

    ", + "

    Rebook your theory test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.

    ", + "

    Theory test revision and practice

    ", + "

    You can use books and software to revise for the theory test and take practice tests.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    The multiple-choice questions in the theory test are based on 3 books:

    ", + "
  • The Highway Code
    • ", + "
  • Know your traffic signs
    • ", + "
  • Driving - the essential skills
    • ", + "

    Study these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.

    ", + "

    You can buy them from most high street and online book shops.

    ", + "

    Take a practice test

    ", + "

    Take a practice theory test to check how much you\u2019ve learnt.

    ", + "

    The questions are not used in the real test, but they are based on the same topics as the test.

    ", + "

    Hazard perception test

    ", + "

    To prepare for this test you can use the official guide to hazard perception.

    ", + "

    You can buy the guide in these formats:

    ", + "
  • online for your PC or Mac
    • ", + "
  • app for Apple phones and tablets
    • ", + "
  • app for Android phones and tablets
    • ", + "

    You can also buy it as an interactive DVD from most high street and online book shops.

    ", + "

    Translations into foreign languages

    ", + "

    Some official books and software are translated into other languages by approved organisations.

    ", + "

    However, you can only take the test in English, Welsh or British Sign Language.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering at your test

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    Wearing glasses does not count as a good reason.

    ", + "

    You need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not go to your test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Change your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    Lost your licence

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    ", + "

    Rearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time.

    ", + "

    If you have a paper licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.

    ", + "

    Personal belongings

    ", + "

    You will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:

    ", + "
  • bags
    • ", + "
  • earphones
    • ", + "
  • mobile phones
    • ", + "
  • watches
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.

    ", + "

    If your test centre does not have lockers, you must:

    ", + "
  • turn off your phone before you enter the test centre
    • ", + "
  • put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test
    • ", + "

    The test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    You have 57 minutes to answer 50 multiple-choice questions.

    ", + "

    Before the test starts you\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • instructions on how the test works
    • ", + "
  • the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens
    • ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    A question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.

    ", + "

    Three of the questions are about a short video. It will show a normal driving situation, such as:

    ", + "
  • driving through a town centre
    • ", + "
  • driving on a country road
    • ", + "

    The video is silent. You can watch it as many times as you like during the test.

    ", + "

    Leaving a question

    ", + "

    You can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.

    ", + "

    Changing your answers

    ", + "

    You can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve finished

    ", + "

    You can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 57 minutes.

    ", + "

    You can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.

    ", + "

    Hazard perception test

    ", + "

    Before you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:

    ", + "
  • feature everyday road scenes
    • ", + "
  • contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards
    • ", + "

    You get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.

    ", + "

    What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is

    ", + "

    A developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.

    ", + "

    How the scoring works

    ", + "

    You can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.

    ", + "

    To get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.

    ", + "

    You do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.

    ", + "

    You only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.

    ", + "

    Pass mark and test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the result at the test centre after taking the theory test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + " | Pass mark | Points available", + "Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50", + "Hazard perception | 44 | 75", + "

    If you pass

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter with a pass certificate number at the test centre. You need this when you book and take your driving test.

    ", + "

    Your pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You must pass your driving test in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the theory test again.

    ", + "

    If you fail

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.

    ", + "

    You must book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.

    ", + "

    You have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.

    ", + "

    If you have a reading difficulty, disability or health condition

    ", + "

    When you book your theory test you should say if you have a:

    ", + "
  • reading difficulty
    • ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • health condition
    • ", + "

    You have reading difficulties

    ", + "

    You can ask to hear the test through headphones when you book your test. You can hear it in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    You can listen to the questions and possible answers as many times as you need to.

    ", + "

    Other types of support

    ", + "

    You can get other support during your theory test if you send proof that you have reading difficulties.

    ", + "

    This can be an email, letter or report from:

    ", + "
  • a teacher or other educational professional
    • ", + "
  • a doctor or medical professional
    • ", + "
  • an occupational therapist
    • ", + "
  • an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association
    • ", + "

    You can get:

    ", + "
  • extra time to take the test
    • ", + "
  • someone to read what\u2019s on the screen and record your answers
    • ", + "
  • someone to reword the questions for you
    • ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will select the best type of support for you.

    ", + "

    If DVSA agrees that you need extra support, they will send you an email with:

    ", + "
  • a reference number (you will need this when you book your test)
    • ", + "
  • instructions on how to book your test
    • ", + "

    Extra time to take the test

    ", + "

    You can ask for more time to do the multiple choice questions part of the theory test.

    ", + "

    Reading what\u2019s on the screen and recording your answers

    ", + "

    A member of staff at the test centre can read out the instructions and questions on the screen.

    ", + "

    They can also record your answers to the multiple-choice questions.

    ", + "

    This can be done by either:

    ", + "
  • listening to the member of staff through headphones while they\u2019re in another room - they\u2019ll be able to see what\u2019s on your screen
    • ", + "
  • the member of staff sitting near you in the test room
    • ", + "

    Rewording the questions for you

    ", + "

    You can ask for a member of staff to reword the theory test questions to make them easier for you to understand.

    ", + "

    The person cannot change the technical language that you need to know. But they can change the order of the sentence and other non-technical words and phrases.

    ", + "

    You still need to answer each question yourself.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment

    ", + "

    You can take the theory test in British Sign Language (BSL) if you\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment.

    ", + "

    A BSL video appears on the screen next to the questions and answers.

    ", + "

    Take a BSL interpreter

    ", + "

    You can have a BSL interpreter with you during the test. Contact DVSA to arrange this. You will not be charged an extra fee.

    ", + "

    Hearing loop and lip speakers

    ", + "

    You can arrange to have a lip speaker with you at the theory test centre or use a listening aid (hearing loop).

    ", + "

    To use either service you\u2019ll need to contact DVSA before your test.

    ", + "

    Other disabilities or health conditions

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA to discuss any other disability or health condition before you book your test.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Driving test: cars", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-test", + "contents": [ + "

    Booking your test

    ", + "

    You can book your driving test when you\u2019ve passed your theory test.

    ", + "

    You do not need to pass another theory test if you\u2019re upgrading an automatic car licence to a manual licence.

    ", + "

    To pass the driving test you must be able to:

    ", + "
  • drive safely in different road and traffic conditions
    • ", + "
  • show that you know The Highway Code by the way you drive
    • ", + "

    The national standard for driving cars tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test. Only take your test when you can do everything without instruction.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your test.

    ", + "

    Change or check your test details

    ", + "

    You can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked.

    ", + "

    You can check the details if you\u2019ve lost the email confirmation you were sent when you booked your test.

    ", + "

    Rebook your test

    ", + "

    Rebook your driving test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must take:

    ", + "
  • your UK driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your theory test pass certificate, if you have it
    • ", + "
  • a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one
    • ", + "
  • a car - most people use their driving instructor\u2019s, but you can use your own car if it meets the rules
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not go to your test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You must bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:

    ", + "
  • having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    You need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled if you come for your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.

    ", + "

    You can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19 the car you use must have the windows open throughout the test. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    ", + "

    Your driving licence

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    ", + "

    Rearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport and your paper licence.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Bring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate

    ", + "

    You do not need to get a replacement theory test certificate. Your driving examiner will check that you\u2019ve passed your theory test before your driving test starts.

    ", + "

    What happens during the test

    ", + "

    There are 5 parts to the driving test:

    ", + "
  • an eyesight check
    • ", + "
  • \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions
    • ", + "
  • general driving ability
    • ", + "
  • reversing your vehicle
    • ", + "
  • independent driving
    • ", + "

    The test is the same for both manual and automatic cars.

    ", + "

    How long the test lasts

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive for around 40 minutes.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive for around 70 minutes if you\u2019re taking an extended driving test because you\u2019ve been banned from driving.

    ", + "

    Eyesight check

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:

    ", + "
  • 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate
    • ", + "
  • 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate
    • ", + "

    New-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, such as AB51 ABC.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll fail your driving test if you fail the eyesight check. The test will end.

    ", + "

    \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked the:

    ", + "
  • \u2018tell me\u2019 question at the start of your test, before you start driving
    • ", + "
  • \u2018show me\u2019 question while you\u2019re driving
    • ", + "

    Your general driving ability

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways.

    ", + "

    The examiner will give you directions that you should follow. Driving test routes are not published, so you cannot check them before your test.

    ", + "

    Pulling over at the side of the road

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to pull over and pull away during your test, including:

    ", + "
  • normal stops at the side of the road
    • ", + "
  • pulling out from behind a parked vehicle
    • ", + "
  • a hill start
    • ", + "

    You might also be asked to carry out an emergency stop.

    ", + "

    Reversing your vehicle

    ", + "

    The examiner will ask you to do one of the following exercises:

    ", + "
  • parallel park at the side of the road
    • ", + "
  • park in a parking bay - either by driving in and reversing out, or reversing in and driving out (the examiner will tell you which you have to do)
    • ", + "
  • pull up on the right-hand side of the road, reverse for around 2 car lengths, and rejoin the traffic
    • ", + "

    Independent driving

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to drive for about 20 minutes by following either:

    ", + "
  • directions from a sat nav
    • ", + "
  • traffic signs
    • ", + "

    The examiner will tell you which you have to follow.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll set the sat nav up for you. You cannot use your own sat nav.

    ", + "

    If you cannot see traffic signs

    ", + "

    If you cannot see a traffic sign (for example, because it\u2019s covered by trees), the examiner will give you directions until you can see the next one.

    ", + "

    Going off the route

    ", + "

    The examiner will not give you a fault for taking a wrong turning.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll help you get back on the route if you do.

    ", + "

    If you make mistakes during your test

    ", + "

    You can carry on if you make a mistake. It might not affect your test result if it\u2019s not serious.

    ", + "

    Your driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre if the mistake you made means you\u2019ve failed. The test will end early.

    ", + "

    Other people at your test

    ", + "

    Your driving examiner\u2019s supervisor might sit in on your test to watch your examiner\u2019s performance. If you refuse, your test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again.

    ", + "

    Driving test faults and your result

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of faults you can make:

    ", + "
  • a dangerous fault - this involves actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property
    • ", + "
  • a serious fault - something potentially dangerous
    • ", + "
  • a driving fault - this is not potentially dangerous, but if you keep making the same fault, it could become a serious fault
    • ", + "

    Pass mark

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pass your driving test if you make:

    ", + "
  • no more than 15 driving faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you pass your test

    ", + "

    The examiner will:

    ", + "
  • tell you what faults you made, if any
    • ", + "
  • give you a pass certificate
    • ", + "
  • ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this
    • ", + "

    Apply for your full driving licence within 2 years of passing your test if you do not want to get your licence automatically.

    ", + "

    When you can start driving

    ", + "

    You can start driving straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass

    ", + "

    The examiner will tell you what faults you made.

    ", + "

    You have to book another test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.

    ", + "

    Appeal your driving test

    ", + "

    You can appeal your driving test if you can prove that your driving examiner did not follow the law.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on appealing your driving test to check if your examiner followed the law.

    ", + "

    If you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)

    ", + "

    If DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.

    ", + "

    If DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.

    ", + "

    Appeal your driving test to a court

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.

    ", + "

    Your test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to appeal within:

    ", + "
  • 6 months of your driving test in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • 21 days of your driving test in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Check if you can appeal.

    ", + "

    If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather

    ", + "

    Your driving test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.

    ", + "

    If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take your driving test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.

    ", + "

    Bad weather

    ", + "

    Driving tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.

    ", + "

    Call your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    The phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.

    ", + "

    If your test cannot go ahead

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:

    ", + "
  • automatically book the next available date for your test
    • ", + "
  • send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather
    • ", + "

    You can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.

    ", + "

    Problems with you or your car

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:

    ", + "
  • you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test
    • ", + "
  • your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used
    • ", + "

    If your test is cancelled for another reason

    ", + "

    Sometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty

    ", + "

    When you book your driving test you should say if you have a:

    ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • health condition
    • ", + "
  • learning difficulty
    • ", + "
  • reason not to wear a face covering
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still have to drive to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.

    ", + "

    You have a disability

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have time with the examiner once you start the test to talk about:

    ", + "
  • your disability
    • ", + "
  • any adaptations fitted to your car
    • ", + "

    They might also agree for you to have more time for instructions and directions during your test.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment

    ", + "

    The examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.

    ", + "

    The examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.

    ", + "

    Using a sign language interpreter

    ", + "

    You can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.

    ", + "

    Your driving instructor can be your interpreter.

    ", + "

    You need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge. You can claim the cost back after your test.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re pregnant

    ", + "

    You can take a driving test at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to do an emergency stop.

    ", + "

    You have reading difficulties

    ", + "

    When you do the eyesight check at the start of the driving test, you can write down the number plate instead of reading it out loud.

    ", + "

    You have learning difficulties

    ", + "

    The examiner will make adjustments for the independent driving part of the test if you have learning difficulties.

    ", + "

    They might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of directions from a sat nav.

    ", + "

    Using your own car for your test

    ", + "

    You can take your driving test in your own car rather than your driving instructor\u2019s if it meets certain rules.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.

    ", + "

    Rules about the car

    ", + "

    Your car must:

    ", + "
  • be taxed
    • ", + "
  • be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)
    • ", + "
  • be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)
    • ", + "
  • have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light
    • ", + "
  • have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted
    • ", + "
  • be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test
    • ", + "
  • be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer
    • ", + "
  • have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg
    • ", + "

    The MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.

    ", + "

    This means:

    ", + "
  • tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats
    • ", + "
  • wiping down the dashboard and car controls
    • ", + "

    The examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.

    ", + "

    The car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    ", + "

    Things that must be fitted

    ", + "

    The car must have:

    ", + "
  • an extra interior rear-view mirror for the examiner
    • ", + "
  • L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear
    • ", + "
  • a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)
    • ", + "

    Dashcams and other cameras

    ", + "

    You can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:

    ", + "
  • faces outside of the car and does not film the inside
    • ", + "
  • does not record audio from inside the car
    • ", + "

    Vehicle features

    ", + "

    You can use a car with:

    ", + "
  • an electronic parking brake
    • ", + "
  • hill-start assist
    • ", + "

    Manual and automatic cars

    ", + "

    You can take the test in a:

    ", + "
  • manual car - these have 3 pedals
    • ", + "
  • automatic or semi-automatic car - these have 2 pedals
    • ", + "

    If you take your test in a semi-automatic car you\u2019ll only be able to drive automatic and semi-automatic cars once you\u2019ve passed your test.

    ", + "

    Hire cars

    ", + "

    You can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.

    ", + "

    Cars you cannot use

    ", + "

    Some cars cannot be used in the test because they do not give the examiner all-round vision.

    ", + "

    You cannot use any of the following:

    ", + "
  • BMW Mini convertible
    • ", + "
  • Ford KA convertible
    • ", + "
  • Toyota iQ
    • ", + "
  • VW Beetle convertible
    • ", + "

    Check with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test if you want to use a:

    ", + "
  • convertible car
    • ", + "
  • panel van
    • ", + "

    Cars with known safety faults

    ", + "

    You cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.

    ", + "

    You must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.

    ", + " | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date", + "Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and\u00a00N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014", + "Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014", + "Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014", + "

    Proof you need to bring to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring proof that says one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the car was recalled and the recall work has been done
    • ", + "
  • the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done
    • ", + "
  • the car was not part of the recall
    • ", + "

    The proof must be either:

    ", + "
  • the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer
    • ", + "
  • on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Riding a motorcycle, moped or motor tricycle", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ride-motorcycle-moped", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you held a motorcycle or moped licence before 19 January 2013.

    ", + "

    To ride on public roads you first need to get a provisional licence and then complete compulsory basic training (CBT) to get a certificate.

    ", + "

    You must pass both parts of your practical test within 2 years of taking the theory test. If you do not, you\u2019ll have to start the process again.

    ", + "

    Motorcycles

    ", + "

    There are different categories of motorbike - you\u2019ll need to get the right entitlement on your licence and be old enough to do so.

    ", + "

    Mopeds

    ", + "

    The way moped entitlements are shown on your licence have changed, but you still need to be 16 to ride one.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you already have a car driving licence.

    ", + "

    Motor tricycles

    ", + "

    Provisional category B car licences and provisional category A licences now only cover you to ride motor tricycles if you have a physical disability. Driving tests for 3-wheeled vehicles are only available for physically disabled drivers.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not physically disabled and want to ride a motor tricycle you\u2019ll now need to get the right provisional entitlement and pass CBT.

    ", + "

    You can drive a motor tricycle of any power rating if both of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re over 21
    • ", + "
  • you have a full car driving licence
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a full category A1 motorbike licence to ride motor tricycles up to power output 15 Kilowatts (kW), and a full category A motorbike licence to ride trikes with a power output more than 15 kW.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve done your CBT you have 2 years to pass your theory and motorcycle tests or you\u2019ll have to do CBT again.

    ", + "

    If you have a full EU driving licence

    ", + "

    Before you can take a CBT course you must either:

    ", + "
  • exchange your licence for a Great Britain (GB) licence
    • ", + "
  • register your licence with DVLA
    • ", + "

    If you register your EU driving licence, you\u2019ll have to exchange it for a GB licence after you\u2019ve passed your theory and practical test.

    ", + "

    Learning to ride

    ", + "

    You need to have the right provisional driving licence when you\u2019re learning to ride.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using your own vehicle you\u2019ll need to make sure it:

    ", + "
  • has a valid V5C registration certificate (log book)
    • ", + "
  • is taxed
    • ", + "
  • has an MOT (if needed)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need adequate motor insurance.

    ", + "

    Official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) guides

    ", + "

    You can buy the official DVSA guide to learning to ride and the DVSA guide to riding - the essential skills.

    ", + "

    Taking the full motorcycle tests

    ", + "

    All riders have to pass the theory test before taking the motorcycle practical test.

    ", + "

    Enhanced rider scheme

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve passed your motorcycle test you can take the enhanced rider scheme. It checks your riding skills and provides training to help you improve. You can get discounts on motorbike insurance if you successfully complete the scheme.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    Read DVLA\u2019s routes to your motorcycle licence flowchart for step-by-step instructions on how to get a moped or motorbike licence.

    ", + "

    Licences issued before 19 January 2013

    ", + "

    If you held a motorcycle or moped licence before 19 January 2013 then you\u2019ll keep your existing entitlements and can still ride the same kind of bikes as you did before.

    ", + "

    However, if you get a new licence your entitlements may be shown differently.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to follow the new rules if you want to get higher entitlements - eg ride a larger motorbike.

    ", + "

    Mopeds

    ", + "

    Changes to moped categories

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already licensed to ride a moped your driving licence will show as category P.

    ", + "

    The new rules will not affect you, but any new licences issued to you will show categories AM and Q, as well as category P. This means you will also be allowed to ride 2 or 3-wheeled mopeds with a top speed of 50 km/h.

    ", + "

    Car driving test passed before 1 February 2001

    ", + "

    You do not need to take compulsory basic training (CBT) to ride a moped if you passed your car driving test before 1 February 2001. You\u2019ll still need to complete CBT to ride a motorbike, however.

    ", + "

    Car driving test passed on or after 1 February 2001

    ", + "

    You need to take CBT to ride a moped if you passed your car driving test on or after 1 February 2001.

    ", + "

    However, you will not need to take further theory and practical tests or take CBT again.

    ", + "

    Motorcycles

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already licensed to ride a motorcycle, your licence should show category A. This will be the same if you renew or replace your licence after 19 January 2013.

    ", + "

    Motor tricycles

    ", + "

    If you hold category B1 entitlement (trikes and quads), when you renew or replace your licence after 19 January 2013 it will show categories B1 and A. The A entitlement will be limited to tricycles and you will not be able to ride motorbikes you were not previously allowed to.

    ", + "

    Provisional licences now only cover you to ride motor tricycles if you have a physical disability. Driving tests for 3-wheeled vehicles are only available for physically disabled drivers.

    ", + "

    Non-disabled drivers who want to ride motor tricycles need to pass CBT and the theory and practical tests on a 2-wheeled motorbike.

    ", + "

    Bike categories, ages and licence requirements

    ", + " | Licence category | Requirements for licence | Minimum age", + "Mopeds with speed range of 25 km/h to 45 km/h | AM | Compulsory basic training (CBT), theory test, practical test on all powered 2-wheeled moped | 16", + "Small 3-wheelers (up to 50 cc and below 4 kW) | AM | CBT, theory test, practical test | 16", + "Light quadricycles (weighing under 350 kg, top speed 45 km/h) | AM | CBT, theory test, practical test | 16", + "Same as AM plus 2 or 3-wheeled mopeds with top speed of 25 km/h | Q | Granted with AM | 16", + "Light motorcycle up to 11 kW (and a power-to-weight ratio not more than 0.1 kW per kg) and 125 cc | A1 | CBT, theory test, practical test | 17", + "Motor tricycles with a power output not more than 15 kW | A1 | CBT, theory test, practical test | 17", + "Standard motorcycle up to 35 kW (and a power-to-weight ratio not more than 0.2 kW per kg), bike must not be derived from vehicle more than twice its power | A2 | Direct access route - theory and practicalProgressive access route - 2 years experience on A1 motorbike and a further practical test | 19", + "Unrestricted motorcycles in size/power, with or without a sidecar, and motor tricycles with power output over 15 kW | A | Direct access route - CBT theory and practical (you must be at least 24)Progressive access route - held an A2 licence for a minimum of 2 years - practical test (21 or over) | 24 (direct) or 21 (progressive access)", + "

    You do not need to take the theory or motorcycle tests to apply for a provisional licence.

    ", + "

    Read about the rules for the motorcycle theory test and practical riding test.

    ", + "

    Safety equipment

    ", + "

    Helmet

    ", + "

    You must wear a safety helmet when riding a motorcycle on the road. All helmets sold in the UK must comply with at least 1 of these:

    ", + "
  • British Standard BS 6658:1985 and carry the BSI (British Standards Institution) Kitemark
    • ", + "
  • UNECE Regulation 22.05
    • ", + "
  • any standard accepted by a member of the European Economic Area which offers a level of safety and protection equivalent to BS 6658:1985 and carry a mark equivalent to the BSI Kitemark
    • ", + "

    You must wear glasses or contact lenses when you ride if you need them to read a number plate at the prescribed distance.

    ", + "

    Visors and goggles

    ", + "

    Your visors or goggles must comply with either:

    ", + "
  • a British Standard and displays a BSI Kitemark
    • ", + "
  • a European standard which offers a level of safety and protection at least equivalent to the British Standard and carries a mark equivalent to the BSI Kitemark (ECE 22-05)
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "CBT motorcycle and moped training", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-cbt", + "contents": [ + "

    Who needs to take training

    ", + "

    Compulsory basic training (CBT) is a course you usually have to take before you ride a moped or motorcycle on the road.

    ", + "

    The training makes sure you can ride safely on your own while you practise for your full moped or motorcycle test.

    ", + "

    CBT is not a test that you pass or fail.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve completed CBT, you can ride a:

    ", + "
  • moped if you\u2019re 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle up to 125cc and with a power output of up to 11kW if you\u2019re 17 or over
    • ", + "

    You must use L plates (L or D plates in Wales).

    ", + "

    You must pass your full moped or motorcycle test within 2 years, or you have to either take CBT again or stop riding.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get up to 6 penalty points for riding if you do not have a valid CBT certificate.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to take CBT

    ", + "

    You do not have to take CBT if you:

    ", + "
  • want to ride a moped (up to 50cc) and you passed your car driving test before 1 February 2001
    • ", + "
  • want to ride a motorcycle and have a full moped licence from passing a moped test since 1 December 1990
    • ", + "
  • have a full motorcycle licence for one category and want to upgrade to another
    • ", + "
  • live and ride on some offshore islands
    • ", + "
  • want to ride a trial e-scooter
    • ", + "

    Booking your CBT course

    ", + "

    Book your CBT course directly with a motorcycle training school.

    ", + "

    The training school sets the course price. The price depends on where you do the training and if you bring your own moped or motorcycle.

    ", + "

    The training school can ask you to share your driving licence information with them before the course.

    ", + "

    Preparing for your CBT course

    ", + "

    Your trainer can stop your compulsory basic training (CBT) course if your basic knowledge of The Highway Code and traffic signs is not good enough for you to ride safely.

    ", + "

    You need to know:

    ", + "
  • the main rules that apply to moped and motorcycle riders
    • ", + "
  • what other road users are likely to do
    • ", + "

    You can be charged again to retake the course if your trainer stops your training because you are not prepared.

    ", + "

    You can buy the guide to learning to ride to help you prepare. You can also buy it from high street and online book shops.

    ", + "

    What to take to your course

    ", + "

    Take your UK driving licence to your training course.

    ", + "

    What you need to wear

    ", + "

    You must wear:

    ", + "
  • a motorcycle helmet that meets British safety standards (unless you\u2019re Sikh and wearing a turban) - check if the training school will provide one
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle boots or other sturdy footwear that supports and protects your ankles
    • ", + "
  • textile or leather motorcycle trousers or heavy denim trousers
    • ", + "
  • a textile or leather motorcycle jacket or a heavy denim jacket with several layers underneath
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle gloves
    • ", + "

    Your course can be stopped and you can be charged to take it again if you do not wear suitable clothing.

    ", + "

    Using your own moped or motorcycle

    ", + "

    You cannot ride your own moped or motorcycle to the course unless you already have a CBT certificate - for example, if you\u2019re taking CBT again before your current certificate expires.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get up to 6 penalty points for riding if you do not have a valid CBT certificate.

    ", + "

    How the training works

    ", + "

    The CBT course usually lasts a full day. It can take longer depending on how quickly you learn.

    ", + "

    There are 5 parts to the course:

    ", + "
  • introduction and eyesight check
    • ", + "
  • on-site training
    • ", + "
  • on-site riding
    • ", + "
  • on-road training
    • ", + "
  • on-road riding
    • ", + "

    The CBT course syllabus tells you more about what\u2019s involved in each part.

    ", + "

    You move from one part to the next when your trainer is happy you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • learnt the theory
    • ", + "
  • shown the practical skills to a safe basic level
    • ", + "

    On-road riding

    ", + "

    The on-road riding part must last at least 2 hours. Complain to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if the trainer cuts this short.

    ", + "

    How many people you\u2019ll train with

    ", + "

    You might train with other learners. There\u2019s a maximum number of:

    ", + "
  • 4 learners per trainer for on-site parts
    • ", + "
  • 2 learners per trainer for on-road parts
    • ", + "

    Complain to DVSA if there are more learners than this.

    ", + "

    When you complete the course

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018certificate of completion\u2019 (sometimes called a \u2018DL196\u2019) when you successfully complete the course.

    ", + "

    You can then ride a moped or motorcycle up to 125cc and with a power output of up to 11kW on the road with L plates (L or D plates in Wales).

    ", + "

    You must pass your theory test and full moped or motorcycle test within 2 years otherwise you\u2019ll need to complete CBT again or stop riding.

    ", + "

    If you have a car driving licence

    ", + "

    You can ride a moped (up to 50cc) without L plates and without taking the moped test in some situations.

    ", + "

    You passed your driving test on or after 1 February 2001

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a full moped licence if you either:

    ", + "
  • pass your car driving test and then complete a compulsory basic training (CBT) course
    • ", + "
  • complete a CBT course and then pass your car driving test within two years
    • ", + "

    You can then ride a moped (up to 50cc) without L plates. You do not need to take the full moped test.

    ", + "

    You can ride mopeds for as long as your car driving licence lasts.

    ", + "

    You passed your driving test before 1 February 2001

    ", + "

    You can ride a moped (up to 50cc) without L plates. You do not need to take a CBT course or take the full moped test.

    ", + "

    You must take CBT if you want to ride anything larger than a 50cc moped.

    ", + "

    If you ride on offshore islands

    ", + "

    You must take compulsory basic training (CBT) to ride in these places:

    ", + "
  • the Isle of Wight
    • ", + "
  • South Uist
    • ", + "
  • North Uist
    • ", + "
  • Benbecula
    • ", + "
  • Harris
    • ", + "
  • Lewis
    • ", + "
  • mainland Orkney
    • ", + "
  • mainland Shetland
    • ", + "
  • any other island connected to mainland Great Britain by road
    • ", + "

    You do not need to take CBT to ride on other offshore islands.

    ", + "

    Complain about a CBT course

    ", + "

    Get help from Citizens Advice if you want to complain about your motorcycle training school\u2019s service, or get a refund from them.

    ", + "

    Standard of training

    ", + "

    Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you\u2019re not happy with the standard of training you received, including if:

    ", + "
  • the on-road riding part did not last at least 2 hours
    • ", + "
  • there were too many learners per trainer
    • ", + "

    You need to give:

    ", + "
  • your trainer\u2019s name and the training school name
    • ", + "
  • the address where you took the training
    • ", + "
  • the date and time you took the training
    • ", + "
  • details of why you\u2019re not happy with the training
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Theory test: motorcycles and mopeds", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-theory-test", + "contents": [ + "

    Booking your test

    ", + "

    You need to have a provisional motorcycle licence to book your theory test.

    ", + "

    There are 2 parts to the test:

    ", + "
  • multiple-choice questions
    • ", + "
  • hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road
    • ", + "

    You book and take them as a single test. You have to pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + "

    When you can take the theory test

    ", + "

    You can take the theory test from your:

    ", + "
  • 16th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a moped (no more than 50cc)
    • ", + "
  • 17th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a motorcycle
    • ", + "

    You can take the theory test before or after you\u2019ve taken compulsory basic training (CBT).

    ", + "

    Who needs to take the theory test

    ", + "

    You usually need to have passed a motorcycle theory test before you take the motorcycle test.

    ", + "

    Find out which motorcycles you can ride and which tests you need to take.

    ", + "

    You do not need to take the theory test if you passed a moped test after 1 July 1996 and want to either:

    ", + "
  • take the motorcycle test on a category A1 small motorcycle
    • ", + "
  • upgrade your motorcycle licence under the \u2018progressive access\u2019 (also known as \u2018staged access\u2019) rules
    • ", + "

    If you have a car licence

    ", + "

    You have to pass a motorcycle theory test before taking the motorcycle test.

    ", + "

    If your licence is not from Great Britain

    ", + "

    Find out if you can drive in Great Britain (GB) with your non-GB licence without taking a theory and driving test.

    ", + "

    Change or check your test details

    ", + "

    You can change the date of your theory test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.

    ", + "

    Rebook your test

    ", + "

    Rebook your theory test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.

    ", + "

    Theory test revision and practice

    ", + "

    You can use books and software to revise for the theory test and take practice tests.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    The questions in the theory test are based on 3 books:

    ", + "
  • The Highway Code
    • ", + "
  • Know your traffic signs
    • ", + "
  • Riding - the essential skills
    • ", + "

    Study these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.

    ", + "

    You can buy them from most high street and online book shops.

    ", + "

    Take a practice test

    ", + "

    Take a practice theory test to check how much you\u2019ve learnt.

    ", + "

    The practice questions are not used in the real test, but they\u2019re based on the same topics as the test.

    ", + "

    Hazard perception part

    ", + "

    Buy the official guide to hazard perception for your PC or Mac to learn hazard perception skills and then test them.

    ", + "

    You can buy it from most high street and online book shops.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering at your test

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    Wearing glasses does not count as a good reason.

    ", + "

    You need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not go to your test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Change your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    If you have a paper licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.

    ", + "

    Personal belongings

    ", + "

    You will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:

    ", + "
  • bags
    • ", + "
  • earphones
    • ", + "
  • mobile phones
    • ", + "
  • watches
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.

    ", + "

    If your test centre does not have lockers, you must:

    ", + "
  • turn off your phone before you enter the test centre
    • ", + "
  • put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test
    • ", + "

    The test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    You have 57 minutes to answer 50 multiple-choice questions.

    ", + "

    Before the test starts you\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • instructions on how the test works
    • ", + "
  • the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens
    • ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    A question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.

    ", + "

    Some questions are given as a case study. The case study will:

    ", + "
  • show a short story that 5 questions will be based on
    • ", + "
  • be about a real life situation you could come across when driving
    • ", + "

    Leaving a question

    ", + "

    You can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.

    ", + "

    Changing your answers

    ", + "

    You can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve finished

    ", + "

    You can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 57 minutes.

    ", + "

    You can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.

    ", + "

    Hazard perception test

    ", + "

    Before you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:

    ", + "
  • feature everyday road scenes
    • ", + "
  • contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards
    • ", + "

    You get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.

    ", + "

    What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is

    ", + "

    A developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.

    ", + "

    How the scoring works

    ", + "

    You can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.

    ", + "

    To get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.

    ", + "

    You do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.

    ", + "

    You only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.

    ", + "

    Pass mark and test result

    ", + "

    You get the result at the test centre after taking the theory test. You need to pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + "Test part | Pass mark | Points available", + "Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50", + "Hazard perception | 44 | 75", + "

    If you pass

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter with a pass certificate number at the test centre. You need this when you book and take your motorcycle test.

    ", + "

    Your pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You need to pass both modules of the motorcycle test in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the theory test again.

    ", + "

    If you fail

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.

    ", + "

    You have to book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.

    ", + "

    You have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.

    ", + "

    If you have a reading difficulty, disability or health condition

    ", + "

    When you book your theory test you should say if you have a:

    ", + "
  • reading difficulty
    • ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • health condition
    • ", + "

    You have reading difficulties

    ", + "

    You can ask to hear the test through headphones when you book your test. You can hear it in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    You can listen to the questions and possible answers as many times as you need to.

    ", + "

    Other types of support

    ", + "

    You can get other support during your theory test if you send proof that you have reading difficulties.

    ", + "

    This can be an email, letter or report from:

    ", + "
  • a teacher or other educational professional
    • ", + "
  • a doctor or medical professional
    • ", + "
  • an occupational therapist
    • ", + "
  • an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association
    • ", + "

    You can get:

    ", + "
  • extra time to take the test
    • ", + "
  • someone to read what\u2019s on the screen and record your answers
    • ", + "
  • someone to reword the questions for you
    • ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will select the best type of support for you.

    ", + "

    If DVSA agrees that you need extra support, they will send you an email with:

    ", + "
  • a reference number (you will need this when you book your test)
    • ", + "
  • instructions on how to book your test
    • ", + "

    Extra time to take the test

    ", + "

    You can ask for more time to do the multiple choice questions part of the theory test.

    ", + "

    Reading what\u2019s on the screen and recording your answers

    ", + "

    A member of staff at the test centre can read out the instructions and questions on the screen.

    ", + "

    They can also record your answers to the multiple-choice questions.

    ", + "

    This can be done by either:

    ", + "
  • listening to the member of staff through headphones while they\u2019re in another room - they\u2019ll be able to see what\u2019s on your screen
    • ", + "
  • the member of staff sitting near you in the test room
    • ", + "

    Rewording the questions for you

    ", + "

    You can ask for a member of staff to reword the theory test questions to make them easier for you to understand.

    ", + "

    The person cannot change the technical language that you need to know. But they can change the order of the sentence and other non-technical words and phrases.

    ", + "

    You still need to answer each question yourself.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment

    ", + "

    You can take the theory test in British Sign Language (BSL) if you\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment.

    ", + "

    A BSL video appears on the screen next to the questions and answers.

    ", + "

    Take a BSL interpreter

    ", + "

    You can have a BSL interpreter with you during the test. Contact DVSA to arrange this. You will not be charged an extra fee.

    ", + "

    Hearing loop and lip speakers

    ", + "

    You can arrange to have a lip speaker with you at the theory test centre or use a listening aid (hearing loop).

    ", + "

    To use either service you\u2019ll need to contact DVSA before your test.

    ", + "

    Other disabilities or health conditions

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA to discuss any other disability or health condition before you book your test.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Motorcycle and moped tests", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-test", + "contents": [ + "

    Booking your tests

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve passed your theory test you\u2019ll also need to pass:

    ", + "
  • an off-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 1 test\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • an on-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 2 test\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Normally, you can book the riding tests separately or at the same time, but you must pass the module 1 test before you take the module 2 test. There\u2019s a different fee for each module.

    ", + "

    Motorcycle and moped tests and coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Wear a face covering at the start and end of the test (when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner). If you cannot wear a face covering, you must tell DVSA when booking your appointment.

    ", + "

    You can cancel your test appointment and get a refund if you cannot or do not want to attend because of COVID-19. Your instructor will need to cancel your test for you if they booked it.

    ", + "

    What you need to do to pass the tests

    ", + "

    To pass the riding tests you must be able to:

    ", + "
  • ride safely in different road and traffic conditions
    • ", + "
  • show that you know The Highway Code by the way you ride
    • ", + "

    The national standard for riding mopeds and motorcycles tells you everything that you must be able to do to pass the tests.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your tests.

    ", + "

    What to take to your tests

    ", + "

    You must take:

    ", + "
  • your UK photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your theory test pass certificate
    • ", + "
  • a moped or motorbike
    • ", + "
  • your compulsory basic training (CBT) certificate - unless you\u2019re taking the test to upgrade your full motorcycle licence
    • ", + "
  • your module 1 test pass certificate - if you\u2019re taking your module 2 test
    • ", + "
  • a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not go to your test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Clothing

    ", + "

    You must wear:

    ", + "
  • a motorcycle helmet that meets British safety standards (unless you\u2019re Sikh and wearing a turban)
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle boots or other sturdy footwear that supports and protects your ankles
    • ", + "
  • textile or leather motorcycle trousers or heavy denim trousers
    • ", + "
  • a textile or leather motorcycle jacket or a heavy denim jacket with several layers underneath
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle gloves
    • ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You must bring and wear a face covering at the start and end of the test when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:

    ", + "
  • having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    If you cannot wear a face covering at the start and end of the test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.

    ", + "

    Your driving licence

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You should rearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time. You must do this at least 3 working days before your test date or you\u2019ll have to pay again.

    ", + "

    If you have a paper licence

    ", + "

    You must bring a valid passport and your paper licence if you do not have a photocard driving licence.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You must bring the photocard and paper counterpart if you have a licence from Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA with your:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • driving licence number
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a letter that you can take to your test instead of your pass certificate.

    ", + "

    Motorcycles and mopeds you can use for the tests

    ", + "

    The motorcycle or moped you use for your tests must:

    ", + "
  • be a solo machine - you can only use a sidecar if you have certain disabilities
    • ", + "
  • have a speedometer measuring speed in miles per hour (mph)
    • ", + "
  • display L plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear
    • ", + "
  • be insured, taxed and roadworthy and have no engine warning lights showing
    • ", + "

    Read the list of A2 and A motorcycles that can be used for riding tests.

    ", + "

    Subcategories of motorcycles and mopeds

    ", + "

    There are 4 subcategories of mopeds and motorcycles.

    ", + "

    In both modules of the test, you must use:

    ", + "
  • the same subcategory as the licence you\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "
  • a vehicle with the same type of transmission (manual, automatic or semi-automatic)
    • ", + " | Moped, tricycle or quad bike | Light motorcycle | Standard motorcycle | Unrestricted motorcycle", + "Licence category | AM | A1 | A2 | A", + "Minimum age of rider | 16 | 17 | 19 | 24 (direct access) or 21 (progressive access)", + "Engine capacity | Up to 50cc | 120 to 125cc | At least 395cc | At least 595cc", + "Maximum speed | Up to 28mph | 55mph or above | - | -", + "Engine power | Up to 4kW | Up to 11kW | 20 to 35kW | At least 50kW", + "Motorcycle weight (without rider) | - | - | - | At least 175kg", + "Power to weight ratio | - | Up to 0.1kW/kg | Up to 0.2 kW/kg | -", + "

    Automatic and semi-automatic motorcycles

    ", + "

    If you pass your tests on a motorcycle with automatic or semi-automatic transmission, you\u2019ll only get a licence for those types of motorcycle.

    ", + "

    Engines with restricted power

    ", + "

    You can restrict the engine power of a motorcycle so that it fits within subcategory A2 (20 to 35kW). You cannot restrict it below half its original power.

    ", + "

    This means that if the unrestricted power of the motorcycle is 60kW, you cannot restrict it any lower than 30kW. A motorcycle\u2019s unrestricted power must not be more than 70kW.

    ", + "

    You must bring proof if you\u2019ve restricted a motorcycle to subcategory A2 - if you do not your test will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    The proof must:

    ", + "
  • be on headed paper
    • ", + "
  • be from a main dealer, official importer or recognised specialist
    • ", + "
  • show the motorcycle\u2019s number plate (registration number)
    • ", + "

    You cannot use a dyno test certificate as proof of the restriction.

    ", + "

    Motorcycles with variable power modes

    ", + "

    If you use a switchable engine control unit (ECU) or variable power device, your motorcycle cannot have:

    ", + "
  • interchangeable carburettor heads
    • ", + "
  • an exhaust manifold restrictor
    • ", + "
  • a hidden ECU - it must be clear what power mode the motorcycle is in
    • ", + "

    Electric motorcycles

    ", + "

    You can use an electric motorcycle or moped if it both:

    ", + "
  • has the same engine power as the petrol version
    • ", + "
  • can keep that power for at least 30 minutes
    • ", + "

    This is known as the \u2018continuous power rating\u2019 - you can check this with the manufacturer.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability

    ", + "

    You can use a motorcycle with a sidecar for your tests if you have certain disabilities. You cannot have a passenger in the sidecar during the tests.

    ", + "

    Your licence will only let you ride motorcycles with sidecars.

    ", + "

    You might be able to use a different vehicle if you\u2019re disabled - contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test.

    ", + "

    Module 1 off-road test: what happens

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll take the module 1 test in an off-road motorcycle manoeuvring area.

    ", + "

    The test normally takes about 20 minutes and includes:

    ", + "
  • wheeling the moped or motorcycle and using the stand
    • ", + "
  • riding a slalom and figure of 8
    • ", + "
  • a slow ride
    • ", + "
  • a U-turn
    • ", + "
  • cornering and a controlled stop
    • ", + "
  • cornering and an emergency stop
    • ", + "
  • cornering and hazard avoidance
    • ", + "

    For the hazard avoidance and emergency stop exercises you must ride at a minimum speed of:

    ", + "
  • 19 mph on a moped
    • ", + "
  • 31 mph on a motorcycle
    • ", + "

    Your test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 1 at the end of the test.

    ", + "

    The examiner will make a note of:

    ", + "
  • dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property
    • ", + "
  • serious faults - these are potentially dangerous
    • ", + "
  • riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll pass module 1 if you make:

    ", + "
  • no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • no more than 5 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you pass

    ", + "

    The examiner will:

    ", + "
  • tell you what faults you made, if any
    • ", + "
  • give you a pass certificate - you need to take this to the module 2 test
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re upgrading your licence through \u2018progressive access\u2019, you must pass module 2 within 6 months. You have to pass module 1 again if you do not.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to book another module 1 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already booked the module 2 test you might need to change the date, since you must pass module 1 before you can take module 2.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not give 3 full days\u2019 notice to cancel your module 2 test. Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.

    ", + "

    Module 2 on-road test: what happens

    ", + "

    You must pass module 1 before you can take the module 2 test.

    ", + "

    You can book both modules at the same time, but if you do not pass module 1 you must wait 3 working days before you can retake it.

    ", + "

    The module 2 test normally takes about 40 minutes and includes:

    ", + "
  • an eyesight check
    • ", + "
  • \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions
    • ", + "
  • road riding
    • ", + "
  • independent riding
    • ", + "

    You must bring your module 1 pass certificate to the module 2 test, plus all the documents you had to bring to the module 1 test.

    ", + "

    Eyesight check

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:

    ", + "
  • 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate
    • ", + "
  • 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate
    • ", + "

    New-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll fail your riding test if you fail the eyesight check.

    ", + "

    \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions. These test that you know how to carry out basic safety checks.

    ", + "

    Road riding

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways. You\u2019ll be asked to carry out:

    ", + "
  • normal stops
    • ", + "
  • an angle start (pulling out from behind a parked vehicle)
    • ", + "
  • a hill start (where possible)
    • ", + "

    The examiner will give you directions using a radio. They\u2019ll normally follow you on a motorcycle.

    ", + "

    Driving test routes are not published, so you can not check them before your test.

    ", + "

    Independent riding

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have about 10 minutes of independent riding. This is designed to assess your ability to ride safely while making your own decisions.

    ", + "

    You can ask the examiner to repeat the directions if you forget them - you will not fail the test if you go off the route. You can not use sat nav.

    ", + "

    Your test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 2 at the end of the test.

    ", + "

    The examiner will make a note of:

    ", + "
  • dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property
    • ", + "
  • serious faults - these are potentially dangerous
    • ", + "
  • riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll pass module 2 if you make:

    ", + "
  • no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • no more than 10 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you pass your test

    ", + "

    The examiner will:

    ", + "
  • tell you what faults you made, if any
    • ", + "
  • give you a pass certificate
    • ", + "
  • ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this
    • ", + "

    You can start riding without L plates straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass

    ", + "

    You have to book another module 2 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.

    ", + "

    If your test is cancelled or there\u2019s bad weather

    ", + "

    Your riding test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your vehicle, or for other reasons.

    ", + "

    Bad weather

    ", + "

    Riding tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, for example when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.

    ", + "

    Call your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    The phone number for the test centre is in your booking confirmation email.

    ", + "

    If your test cannot go ahead

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:

    ", + "
  • automatically book the next available date for your test
    • ", + "
  • send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather
    • ", + "

    You can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.

    ", + "

    Problems with you or your vehicle

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:

    ", + "
  • you, for example if you feel unwell while taking your test
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle, for example if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules
    • ", + "

    Your test is cancelled for another reason

    ", + "

    Sometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example if the examiner is unwell.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty

    ", + "

    When you book your tests you should say if you have a:

    ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • learning difficulty
    • ", + "
  • health condition
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still have to ride to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.

    ", + "

    If your health condition or disability means you cannot wear a face covering to your test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment

    ", + "

    The examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.

    ", + "

    The examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.

    ", + "

    Using a sign language interpreter

    ", + "

    You can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.

    ", + "

    Your motorcycle instructor can be your interpreter.

    ", + "

    You need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge.

    ", + "

    You have reading difficulties

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll do an eyesight check at the start of the module 2 test. The examiner will ask you to read the number plate on a parked vehicle.

    ", + "

    You can write down what you see if you have reading difficulties.

    ", + "

    You have learning difficulties

    ", + "

    The examiner will make adjustments for the independent riding part of the module 2 test if you have learning difficulties.

    ", + "

    They might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of verbal directions.

    ", + "

    You might be able to choose to follow a set of directions using a diagram. You\u2019ll normally be asked to follow up to 3 directions at a time, but the examiner can reduce this to 2 at a time.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re pregnant

    ", + "

    You can take the tests at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to:

    ", + "
  • do an emergency stop
    • ", + "
  • manually handle and wheel the motorcycle
    • ", + "
  • do the cornering and hazard avoidance exercise
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Learning to drive a tractor or specialist vehicle", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle", + "contents": [ + "

    Driving licence requirements

    ", + "

    If you pass a regular car driving test (category B) you\u2019ll get entitlement to drive:

    ", + "
  • agricultural tractors (category F)
    • ", + "
  • mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles (category K)
    • ", + "

    For all other categories you need the correct full licence to drive the tractor or special vehicle on the road.

    ", + "

    To get this you first need to get the right provisional driving licence entitlement and then pass a tractor or specialist vehicle driving test.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not need a licence to drive or operate:

    ", + "
  • a tractor or specialist vehicle off the public road (there are age limits)
    • ", + "
  • pedestrian-controlled mowing machines (you must be at least 16)
    • ", + "
  • electric bikes
    • ", + "
  • mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs
    • ", + "

    You do need a driving licence to drive quad bikes on the road.

    ", + "

    Road rollers and tracked vehicles

    ", + "

    You need a full category B car licence with provisional entitlement for categories G and H to drive:

    ", + "
  • road rollers (category G)
    • ", + "
  • tracked vehicles (category H)
    • ", + "

    Find out how to add higher categories to your driving licence.

    ", + "

    Age limits

    ", + " | Category | Minimum age", + "Agricultural tractors | F | 16/17*", + "Road rollers | G | 21**", + "Tracked vehicles | H | 17/21***", + "Mowing machine or pedestrian-controlled vehicle | K | 16", + "

    *If you\u2019re 16 you can only drive tractors less than 2.45 metres wide and tow trailers less than 2.45 metres wide with 2 wheels, or 4 wheels close-coupled (close together).

    ", + "

    **If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 these must be small road road-rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot be steam powered, weigh more than 11,960kg or be made for carrying loads.

    ", + "

    ***If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 the Maximum Authorised Mass (MAM) of the vehicle cannot be more than 3,500kg. (Maximum Authorised Mass is the maximum weight of a vehicle including the maximum load that can be carried safely while used on the road.)

    ", + "

    Practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle

    ", + "

    You can get a provisional licence for a tractor or specialist vehicle at 16, but you cannot practise driving them on the road until you\u2019re 17.

    ", + "

    The only exception is when you\u2019re driving to or from your practical driving test.

    ", + "

    You must be accompanied by a qualified driver if the vehicle was made with a passenger seat. Removing a seat is not allowed.

    ", + "

    Other rules for practising

    ", + "

    You need to display L plates (L or D plates in Wales) when you\u2019re practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle on public roads.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must also be properly insured and roadworthy.

    ", + "

    Finding an instructor

    ", + "

    You might be able to use an approved driving instructor (ADI) if you\u2019re learning to drive a vehicle with controls similar to a car and with 2 front seats.

    ", + "

    Your instructor may have to walk alongside you calling out advice if your vehicle does not have space for 2 people on board.

    ", + "

    Driving tests for tractors and specialist vehicles

    ", + "

    The type of driving test you have to do depends on the type of vehicle.

    ", + "

    Category F, G, H or K vehicles

    ", + "

    The examiner will give you instructions at the side of the road and watch how you:

    ", + "
  • drive as you go around left and right circuits
    • ", + "
  • turn round using forward and reverse gears
    • ", + "

    For very slow vehicles, like pedestrian-controlled vehicles, your examiner may walk near you where they can watch your driving.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have an eyesight test and at the end of the category F, G, H or K test, you\u2019ll be asked 5 questions on the Highway Code and other motoring matters. You\u2019ll then be asked to identify 6 different traffic signs.

    ", + "

    Category H tests

    ", + "

    In category H driving tests you need to drive the vehicle backwards and turn it around, using its tracks, so it\u2019s facing the opposite direction.

    ", + "

    Your examiner will tell you how you should make this manoeuvre.

    ", + "

    Documents you need to bring to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring either:

    ", + "
  • a valid, signed photocard driving licence from the UK or an EU country
    • ", + "
  • an old-style valid, signed UK paper driving licence along with a valid passport
    • ", + "

    Cancelled tests

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) cancels your test at short notice.

    ", + "

    Rules for test vehicles

    ", + "

    All test vehicles have to meet certain rules, depending on their category.

    ", + "

    Category B1 - quadricycles and light 4-wheeled vehicles

    ", + "

    You can only take a test on a category B1 vehicle if you\u2019re registered as disabled.

    ", + "

    The vehicle must:

    ", + "
  • weigh no more than 550kg unladen
    • ", + "
  • be able to drive at 37mph
    • ", + "

    Category F - tractors

    ", + "

    Category F includes tractors with 2 or more axles, built for off-road agriculture or forestry work.

    ", + "

    Category G - road rollers

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re between 17 and 20, these must be small road rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot:

    ", + "
  • be steam powered
    • ", + "
  • weigh more than 11,690kg
    • ", + "
  • be made for carrying loads
    • ", + "

    Category H - tracked vehicles

    ", + "

    Category H vehicles must have adequate all-round visibility to let the driver carry out manoeuvres and deal with junctions safely.

    ", + "

    Any vehicle needing a second person to help with observation, such as a military vehicle, cannot be used for a category H test.

    ", + "

    Category K - mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles

    ", + "

    A mowing machine is a specialist ride-on grass-cutting vehicle with permanent cutting equipment. You must be 16 to use this type of vehicle.

    ", + "

    A pedestrian-controlled vehicle is where the operator walks with but doesn\u2019t ride on the vehicle. You do not need a licence to operate one.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Change vehicle details on a V5C registration certificate (log book)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-details-registration-certificate", + "contents": [ + "

    When you need to update your V5C

    ", + "

    You must update the details on your registration certificate (V5C) to tell DVLA about:

    ", + "
  • mistakes on your V5C
    • ", + "
  • most changes you make to your vehicle
    • ", + "

    You cannot change tax class by updating your V5C. You do this by changing your vehicle tax - even if you\u2019re changing to a tax class that\u2019s exempt from vehicle tax, for example \u2018disabled\u2019.

    ", + "

    Changes you need to update

    ", + "

    You must update your V5C if you change any of the following:

    ", + "
  • colour
    • ", + "
  • engine
    • ", + "
  • cylinder capacity (cc)
    • ", + "
  • fuel type
    • ", + "
  • chassis or bodyshell (replaced or modified)
    • ", + "
  • seating capacity
    • ", + "
  • weight of a large vehicle, for example goods vehicle or campervan
    • ", + "

    Changes that may need inspection

    ", + "

    You must also update your V5C if you change any of the following:

    ", + "
  • wheel plan
    • ", + "
  • body type, for example you convert a van to a campervan or \u2019motor caravan\u2019 (DVLA gives a body type description based on the vehicle\u2019s external appearance)
    • ", + "
  • vehicle identification number (VIN)
    • ", + "
  • chassis number
    • ", + "
  • frame number for motorbikes
    • ", + "

    DVLA will tell you if they need to inspect the change.

    ", + "

    What evidence to give

    ", + "

    You must give DVLA evidence or written confirmation if you make any of the following changes to your vehicle. Your V5C update will be rejected if you do not.

    ", + "

    Change of engine number or cylinder capacity (cc)

    ", + "

    You need to provide either:

    ", + "
  • a receipt for the replacement engine
    • ", + "
  • written evidence from the manufacturer
    • ", + "
  • an inspection report provided for insurance purposes
    • ", + "
  • written confirmation on headed paper from a garage (if the change took place before you bought the vehicle)
    • ", + "

    Change of fuel type

    ", + "

    You need to provide evidence if:

    ", + "
  • your existing engine is converted \u2013 the confirmation must be on headed paper from the garage that did the work
    • ", + "
  • a new engine is fitted \u2013 provide the receipt as confirmation
    • ", + "

    Change of weight of a larger vehicle

    ", + "

    If you change the weight of a large vehicle (for example, a campervan or goods vehicle), you\u2019ll need to provide either:

    ", + "
  • a plating certificate
    • ", + "
  • a design weight certificate
    • ", + "

    Change of body type to motor caravan

    ", + "

    Check what evidence you need when you convert a van to a campervan or motor caravan.

    ", + "

    How to update your V5C

    ", + "

    Fill in section 1 if you have a new style log book with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover. Fill in section 7 if you have the older style log book.

    ", + "

    Send it to DVLA with any necessary evidence.

    ", + "

    If the change is not listed in section 1 or 7, add notes to the \u2018vehicle details\u2019 section instead. Send it to DVLA with evidence and a letter explaining the change.

    ", + "

    Where to send your V5C

    ", + "

    Send your V5C to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1DZ if you changed any of the following:

    ", + "
  • engine size (cc)
    • ", + "
  • fuel type
    • ", + "
  • weight of a goods vehicle
    • ", + "
  • number of seats on a bus
    • ", + "

    For all other changes, send your V5C to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1BA.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    DVLA will contact you to:

    ", + "
  • confirm the change or tell you if it needs an inspection
    • ", + "
  • tell you if the change means you have to pay more vehicle tax
    • ", + "

    It may take longer than usual to get your replacement V5C because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Displaying number plates", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/displaying-number-plates", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Number plates (also known as licence plates) must show your registration number correctly. You cannot rearrange letters or numbers, or alter them so that they\u2019re hard to read.

    ", + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a31,000 and your vehicle will fail its MOT test if you drive with incorrectly displayed number plates.

    ", + "

    The current vehicle registration number format was introduced in 2001. It consists of:

    ", + "
  • 2 letters (these refer to the region in the country where your vehicle was first registered)
    • ", + "
  • 2 numbers (these tell you when it was issued)
    • ", + "
  • 3 letters chosen at random
    • ", + "

    You can get theft-resistant number plates - these make it harder for someone to remove them from your vehicle quickly and reuse them. Ask your local car dealer or registered number plate supplier for more information.

    ", + "

    You can also get personalised number plates.

    ", + "

    Rules for number plates

    ", + "

    The number plates on your vehicle must:

    ", + "
  • be made from a reflective material
    • ", + "
  • display black characters on a white background (front plate)
    • ", + "
  • display black characters on a yellow background (rear plate)
    • ", + "
  • not have a background pattern
    • ", + "

    Characters on a number plate can be 3D.

    ", + "

    If you ride a motorbike or motor tricycle

    ", + "

    Motorcycles and motor tricycles registered on or after 1 September 2001 must only display a number plate at the rear of the vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you ride a motorbike or motor tricycle registered before 1 September 2001 you can also display a number plate at the front, but you do not have to.

    ", + "

    Motorcycle and motor tricycle number plate numbers should be on 2 lines.

    ", + "

    Towing a trailer

    ", + "

    Your trailer must display the same number plate as the vehicle you\u2019re towing it with. If you\u2019re towing more than one trailer, the number plate must be fixed to the trailer at the back.

    ", + "

    Taking commercial or heavy trailers abroad

    ", + "

    If your trailer needs to be registered to go abroad, you need to fix the trailer registration plate to the back, as well as the towing vehicle\u2019s number plate.

    ", + "

    Fix the trailer registration plate as far away as possible from the towing vehicle\u2019s number plate.

    ", + "

    If you cannot fix the trailer registration plate on the back of your trailer, fix it to both sides instead. Make sure they\u2019re clearly visible.

    ", + "

    Letter spacing, size and style

    ", + "

    The characters on a number plate need to be a certain height and size.

    ", + "

    Read leaflet INF104: vehicle registration numbers and number plates - height and size measurement, for more information.

    ", + "

    If you have a trailer, read leaflet INF291: trailer registration numbers and number plates.

    ", + "

    Getting number plates made up

    ", + "

    You can only get a number plate made up from a registered number plate supplier.

    ", + "

    The supplier will need to see original documents that:

    ", + "
  • prove your name and address
    • ", + "
  • show you\u2019re allowed to use the registration number
    • ", + "

    Identity documents

    ", + "

    You can use the following to confirm your name and address:

    ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • utility, Council Tax or rates bill from the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society statement from the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • national identity card
    • ", + "

    The following will confirm your name only:

    ", + "
  • passport - does not have to be issued in the UK
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society debit or credit card
    • ", + "
  • police warrant card
    • ", + "
  • armed forces identity card
    • ", + "

    Proving you can use the registration number

    ", + "

    You must bring one of the following to show you\u2019re allowed to display the registration number:

    ", + "
  • vehicle registration certificate (V5C or V5CNI)
    • ", + "
  • green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip from the V5C or V5CNI
    • ", + "
  • certificate of entitlement (V750 or V750NI) to the number
    • ", + "
  • retention document (V778)
    • ", + "
  • a renewal reminder for vehicle tax or SORN (V11 or V11NI)
    • ", + "
  • temporary registration certificate (V379 or V379NI)
    • ", + "
  • a number plate authorisation certificate (V948) with an official stamp from the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA)
    • ", + "
  • an electronic number plate authorisation certificate (eV948 or eV948/2)
    • ", + "
  • a letter of authorisation from a fleet operator (including lease or hire company) quoting the document reference number from the registration certificate
    • ", + "
  • if your fleet is in the new V5C on demand scheme (also called \u2018V5C suppression\u2019), a PDF of the vehicle\u2019s details from the view vehicle record service
    • ", + "
  • UK trailer registration certificate (VTRC)
    • ", + "

    Flags, symbols and identifiers

    ", + "

    You can display one of the following flags with identifying letters on the left-hand side of the number plate:

    ", + "
  • Union flag (also known as the Union Jack)
    • ", + "
  • Cross of St George
    • ", + "
  • Cross of St Andrew - also known as the Saltire
    • ", + "
  • Red Dragon of Wales
    • ", + "

    The letters, or national identifiers, you can have are:

    ", + "
  • GREAT BRITAIN, Great Britain or GB
    • ", + "
  • UNITED KINGDOM, United Kingdom or UK
    • ", + "
  • CYMRU, Cymru, CYM or Cym
    • ", + "
  • ENGLAND, England, ENG, Eng
    • ", + "
  • SCOTLAND, Scotland, SCO or Sco
    • ", + "
  • WALES or Wales
    • ", + "

    The flag must be above the identifier. You cannot have the flag or letters on the number plate margin, and neither can be more than 50 millimetres wide.

    ", + "

    Travelling in Europe

    ", + "

    If your number plate includes the GB identifier with the Union flag (also known as the Union Jack), you do not need a GB sticker. But you will need to display a GB sticker clearly on the rear of your vehicle if your number plate has any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a Euro symbol
    • ", + "
  • a national flag of England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • numbers and letters only - no flag or identifier
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Spain, Cyprus or Malta, you must display a GB sticker no matter what is on your number plate.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Private (personalised) number plates", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/personalised-vehicle-registration-numbers", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can buy a private (personalised) registration for your vehicle\u2019s number plates from DVLA or from a private dealer.

    ", + "

    If you have the right to a private number that is not currently being used, you can apply to assign it (put it on) to a vehicle.

    ", + "

    Take a private number off (\u2018retention\u2019)

    ", + "

    If you do not want to use your private number anymore you can apply to take it off your vehicle. You can keep the number (put it \u2018on retention\u2019) to use later.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a V778 retention document proving you still have the right to use the number.

    ", + "

    Selling a private number

    ", + "

    You can also sell your private number if you do not want to use it anymore.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling your private number online, do not share a scan or photograph of the V750 or V778 document. Someone other than the buyer might use it to put the private number on another vehicle.

    ", + "

    Transfer a private number

    ", + "

    To transfer a private number from one vehicle to another, you need to:

    ", + "
  • Take it off the vehicle you\u2019re transferring it from.
    • ", + "
  • Assign it to the vehicle you\u2019re transferring it to.
    • ", + "

    You can also do this by post using form V317.

    ", + "

    Buy a private number

    ", + "

    Buy from DVLA

    ", + "

    You can buy new numbers from DVLA Personalised Registrations.

    ", + "

    Buying at DVLA auctions

    ", + "

    There are auctions across the country about 5 times a year. You can see a list of the numbers coming up for auction.

    ", + "

    You can bid in person, by phone, in writing or online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a V750 certificate of entitlement once you\u2019ve paid for the private (personalised) number. This is to prove that you have the right to put the number on a vehicle (\u2018assign\u2019 it).

    ", + "

    Buying from a private dealer or person

    ", + "

    You can buy a private number from a dealer or from another person.

    ", + "

    Most dealers will transfer the number to your vehicle for you. If you want to keep or assign the number yourself, ask the dealer if you can have the V750 or V778.

    ", + "

    Assign a private number to a vehicle

    ", + "

    To assign a private (personalised) number to a vehicle, you need one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a V778 retention document
    • ", + "
  • a V750 certificate of entitlement
    • ", + "
  • an online reference number
    • ", + "

    You get one of these when you either buy a number or take a number from another vehicle you own.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • assign a number starting with \u2018Q\u2019 or \u2018NIQ\u2019
    • ", + "
  • put a private number on a \u2018Q\u2019 registered vehicle
    • ", + "
  • use a private number that makes a vehicle look newer than it is - for example, an \u201807\u2019 registration number on a 2003 registered vehicle
    • ", + "

    The vehicle must:

    ", + "
  • be registered with DVLA in the UK
    • ", + "
  • be able to move under its own power
    • ", + "
  • be of a type that needs an MOT or heavy goods vehicle (HGV) test certificate
    • ", + "
  • have been taxed or had a SORN in place continuously for the past 5 years
    • ", + "
  • be taxed currently (or have a SORN in place - if it\u2019s had a SORN for more than 5 years, it must be taxed)
    • ", + "
  • be available for inspection
    • ", + "

    DVLA will check your application and contact you if your vehicle needs an inspection.

    ", + "

    Apply to assign a number

    ", + "

    If the vehicle is:

    ", + "
  • registered to you - apply online or by post
    • ", + "
  • a used vehicle you just bought - wait for DVLA to send you a new V5C in your name before you apply online or by post
    • ", + "
  • brand new - give the dealer your V750 or V778 document and ask them to apply
    • ", + "
  • registered to someone else and you want the private number to be transferred to them - apply online or by post
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply online or by post. You need the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C).

    ", + "

    If you already have a private number on your vehicle, apply to take it off first. You could lose the right to use the number if you do not.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    The number will be assigned immediately if your vehicle does not need an inspection. Be ready to put new number plates on the vehicle as soon as you\u2019ve applied.

    ", + "

    Assign a number online

    ", + "

    This service is open from 7am to 7pm. It\u2019s also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    It is taking longer than usual to process paper applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Send all of the following documents to DVLA:

    ", + "
  • the completed V750 or V778 - the address is on the form
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C) or green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip with a completed V62 \u2018application for a vehicle registration certificate V5C\u2019
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re assigning the number to someone else\u2019s vehicle, add them as a \u2018nominee\u2019 - complete section 2 of the V750 or V778.

    ", + "

    To tax your vehicle at the same time, include all of the following:

    ", + "
  • a V10 \u2018application for vehicle tax\u2019 form
    • ", + "
  • the right amount of vehicle tax
    • ", + "
  • an MOT certificate
    • ", + "

    After you assign a private number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent:

    ", + "
  • a new log book (V5C) - it can take 4 to 6 weeks to arrive
    • ", + "
  • your original MOT back (if you sent it to tax the vehicle)
    • ", + "

    You must put new number plates on the vehicle before you drive it.

    ", + "

    You can keep the original registration number and plates - they\u2019ll be reassigned to the vehicle when you take off the private number.

    ", + "

    You must not sell or get rid of a vehicle until you get the new log book (V5C).

    ", + "

    Who to tell about your new registration number

    ", + "

    You must tell your insurance company.

    ", + "

    Update your registration number for any automatic payment accounts you have, for example to pay:

    ", + "
  • the Congestion Charge
    • ", + "
  • the Low Emission Zone Charge
    • ", + "
  • the Ultra Low Emission Zone Charge
    • ", + "
  • the Dart Charge
    • ", + "
  • charges for driving in Clean Air Zones
    • ", + "

    You may get a penalty charge if you do not update your registration details and enter one of these zones.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has Clean Vehicle Retrofit Accreditation scheme certification, you also need to tell them your new registration number.

    ", + "

    Take a private number off a vehicle

    ", + "

    You can apply to take a private (personalised) number off a vehicle if you want to either:

    ", + "
  • keep the number to use later
    • ", + "
  • assign it to another vehicle
    • ", + "

    You cannot keep a number starting with \u2018Q\u2019 or \u2018NIQ\u2019.

    ", + "

    The vehicle\u2019s original registration number is usually reassigned to it automatically when you take off a private number.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful you\u2019ll be sent a V778 retention document and a new log book (V5C).

    ", + "

    You must have your V778 and new log book before you scrap or sell your vehicle - otherwise you\u2019ll lose the right to use the private number.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    The vehicle must:

    ", + "
  • be registered with DVLA in the UK
    • ", + "
  • be able to move under its own power
    • ", + "
  • be of a type that needs an MOT or heavy goods vehicle (HGV) test certificate
    • ", + "
  • have been taxed or had a SORN in place continuously for the past 5 years
    • ", + "
  • be taxed currently (or have a SORN in place - if it\u2019s had a SORN for more than 5 years, it must be taxed)
    • ", + "
  • be available for inspection
    • ", + "

    DVLA will check your application and contact you if your vehicle needs an inspection.

    ", + "

    Apply to take off a number

    ", + "

    You can apply online or by post. It costs \u00a380. You must have the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C).

    ", + "

    If the vehicle\u2019s not in your name, you have to apply by post.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    The number will be removed immediately if your vehicle does not need an inspection.

    ", + "

    You can assign the number to another vehicle as soon as you\u2019ve applied to take it off - use the reference number you get after you apply.

    ", + "

    Take off a number online

    ", + "

    This service is open from 7am to 7pm. It\u2019s also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    It is taking longer than usual to process paper applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Send all of the following to DVLA:

    ", + "
  • a V317 \u2018transfer or retain a vehicle registration number\u2019 form - the address is on the form
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C) or green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip with a completed V62 \u2018application for a vehicle registration certificate V5C\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the \u00a380 transfer fee
    • ", + "

    To tax your vehicle at the same time, send all of the following:

    ", + "
  • a V10 \u2018application for vehicle tax\u2019 form
    • ", + "
  • the right amount of vehicle tax
    • ", + "
  • an MOT certificate
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    Your original number plate will usually be reassigned to your vehicle automatically, if your application is successful. This will happen straight away.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent:

    ", + "
  • a new log book (V5C) showing the vehicle\u2019s replacement registration number - it can take 4 to 6 weeks to arrive
    • ", + "
  • your original MOT back (if you sent it to tax the vehicle)
    • ", + "
  • a V778 retention document if the private number is in your name
    • ", + "

    If the private number is in someone else\u2019s name, the V778 document will be sent to them.

    ", + "

    Before you can drive your vehicle, you must:

    ", + "
  • put the original or new number plates on the vehicle before you drive it
    • ", + "
  • tell your insurance company your new registration number
    • ", + "

    Who to tell about your new registration number

    ", + "

    You must tell your insurance company.

    ", + "

    Update your registration number for any automatic payment accounts you have, for example to pay:

    ", + "
  • the Congestion Charge
    • ", + "
  • the Low Emission Zone Charge
    • ", + "
  • the Ultra Low Emission Zone Charge
    • ", + "
  • the Dart Charge
    • ", + "
  • charges for driving in Clean Air Zones
    • ", + "

    You may get a penalty charge if you do not update your registration details and enter one of these zones.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has Clean Vehicle Retrofit Accreditation scheme certification, you also need to tell them your new registration number.

    ", + "

    What happens to the private number

    ", + "

    Your V778 retention document proves that you still have the right to assign the private number for the next 10 years.

    ", + "

    You must renew your right to use a private number before the V778 expires.

    ", + "

    You can give up your right to use the private number if you decide not to assign it.

    ", + "

    Renew or replace your private number

    ", + "

    You must renew your right to use your private (personalised) number every 10 years if it\u2019s not being used on a vehicle. If you got your private number before 2015, you must renew it more often - check your V750 or V778 document.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll permanently lose the right to use the number if you do not renew it before the expiry date. DVLA will not accept applications made after that date.

    ", + "

    Renew your V750 certificate of entitlement or V778 retention document

    ", + "

    You can apply to renew your V750 or V778 up to 28 days before it expires. Do not apply earlier than this or your application may be refused.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a reminder letter or email if you\u2019re not using a private number and your right to use it is about to run out.

    ", + "

    You can renew it for up to 10 years, and it does not cost anything to do.

    ", + "

    Renew your V750 online

    ", + "

    You can renew your V750 by creating a DVLA personalised registration account or by using your existing account.

    ", + "

    Renew by post

    ", + "

    Fill in the form on the V750 or V778.

    ", + "

    Send the V750 or V778 to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Replace a lost or stolen V750 or V778

    ", + "

    You can send a letter to DVLA Personalised Registrations to ask for a replacement V750 or V778 if:

    ", + "
  • it has not expired
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the person with the right to use the number (your name will have been on the V778 or V750 as the \u2018grantee\u2019)
    • ", + "

    It\u2019ll take around 3 to 4 weeks for the new V750 or V778 to arrive.

    ", + "

    If your address or name has changed

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include an extra document with your letter.

    ", + "

    If your address has changed, include proof of your identity. This can be a copy of:

    ", + "
  • a household bill sent to you in the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • your Council Tax bill for this year
    • ", + "
  • a bank or building society statement sent to you in the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • a medical card
    • ", + "
  • your current British driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your passport
    • ", + "
  • your birth certificate
    • ", + "

    If your name has changed, include proof of your name change. This can be a copy of:

    ", + "
  • your marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • the decree nisi or decree absolute from your divorce
    • ", + "
  • a deed poll to show you\u2019ve changed your name legally
    • ", + "

    Sell or give a private number to someone else

    ", + "

    You can sell or give a private (personalised) number to someone. The number must be assigned to their vehicle before they can use it.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re giving a number to someone, follow the steps for assigning your private number to someone else.

    ", + "

    Selling your private number

    ", + "

    You can use a private number dealer or sell your number yourself.

    ", + "

    Do not share a photograph or scan of the V750 or V778 document. Someone other than the buyer might use it to put the private number on another vehicle.

    ", + "

    Use a private number dealer

    ", + "

    Most dealers will find a buyer, arrange the payment and transfer the number to the buyer\u2019s vehicle for you.

    ", + "

    Sell your private number yourself

    ", + "

    After you find a buyer, you\u2019ll need to assign your number to their vehicle. Follow the steps for assigning your private number to someone else.

    ", + "

    Assign your private number to someone else

    ", + "

    You can put your private number on someone else\u2019s vehicle online or by post.

    ", + "

    After that, DVLA will send a replacement log book for the vehicle but with the new private number assigned to it.

    ", + "

    Online

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need details from:

    ", + "
  • the log book (V5C) of the vehicle you\u2019re assigning the number to
    • ", + "
  • your V778 or V750
    • ", + "

    The number will usually be assigned immediately.

    ", + "

    Assign a number online

    ", + "

    This service is open from 7am to 7pm. It\u2019s also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    By post

    ", + "

    Send DVLA:

    ", + "
  • your V778 or V750 form - fill in sections 1 and 2 and sign it first
    • ", + "
  • the log book (V5C) for the vehicle you want to put the private number on
    • ", + "

    The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    If the nominee dies

    ", + "

    The person who has the right to use the private number can change the \u2018nominee\u2019 (the person you\u2019re giving the number to). Fill in section 2 of the V750 or V778 with the new nominee\u2019s details, sign the form and send it to:

    ", + "

    Change your name or address

    ", + "

    You can change your address or name on your V750 or V778 certificate.

    ", + "

    Change your address online - V750 only

    ", + "

    Use your DVLA personalised registration account.

    ", + "

    Change your address by post - V750 or V778

    ", + "

    Fill in the \u2018change of address\u2019 section on your V750 or V778. Sign it and send it to DVLA Personalised Registrations.

    ", + "

    If you do not have your V750 or V778

    ", + "

    Write a letter saying what your new address is. Sign it and send it to DVLA Personalised Registrations with proof of your identity. This can be a copy of:

    ", + "
  • a household bill sent to you in the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • your Council Tax bill for this year
    • ", + "
  • a bank or building society statement sent to you in the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • a medical card
    • ", + "
  • your current British driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your passport
    • ", + "
  • your birth certificate
    • ", + "

    Change your name - V750 or V778

    ", + "

    You can only change your name by post. You\u2019ll need proof of your name change - this can be a copy of:

    ", + "
  • your marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • the decree nisi or decree absolute from your divorce
    • ", + "
  • a deed poll to show you\u2019ve changed your name legally
    • ", + "

    Fill in the \u2018nominee details\u2019 section on your V750 or V778. Sign it and send it to DVLA Personalised Registrations with proof of your name change.

    ", + "

    If you do not have your V750 or V778

    ", + "

    Write a letter saying what your new name is. Sign it and send it to DVLA Personalised Registrations with proof of your name change.

    ", + "

    Fix mistakes

    ", + "

    Write a letter saying what the mistakes are. Send it with the V750 or V778 to DVLA Personalised Registrations.

    ", + "

    Give up your right to use a private number

    ", + "

    You might get a refund of \u00a380 if you have the right to use a private number but you decide not to assign it to a vehicle.

    ", + "

    This refunds the \u00a380 fee you paid when you either:

    ", + "
  • bought the number (the fee was included in the cost)
    • ", + "
  • took the number off a vehicle
    • ", + "

    You can apply for a refund if:

    ", + "
  • the number was not assigned to any vehicle after you paid the fee
    • ", + "
  • you have the latest V778 or V750 document - if you\u2019ve lost it and it\u2019s still valid you can get a replacement from DVLA
    • ", + "

    If the document was issued before 9 March 2015, you can only get a refund once it expires. You cannot get a replacement document if it\u2019s expired.

    ", + "

    Tick the \u2018Give up the right to this registered number (surrender)\u2019 section of the V778 or V750 document, sign it and send it to:

    ", + "

    You cannot use the private number after you give up your right to it.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if the person with the right to use the private number has died.

    ", + "

    If the person with the right to use the private number dies

    ", + "

    If someone has died and left you a personalised number in their will, or you\u2019re in charge of the will (an \u2018executor\u2019), you can:

    ", + "
  • keep the private number
    • ", + "
  • transfer it to another vehicle
    • ", + "
  • put it in someone else\u2019s name
    • ", + "
  • give up the right to use the number (you can apply for a refund)
    • ", + "

    To do this, you\u2019ll need to send a form to DVLA, along with documents that prove you have the right to use the number.

    ", + "

    Prove you\u2019ve got the right to use the number

    ", + "

    You must send DVLA the death certificate when you send in your form. The death certificate can be an original or a certified copy.

    ", + "

    You must also send at least one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a certified copy of probate
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the will
    • ", + "
  • a letter from the solicitor confirming who the executors are or next of kin is
    • ", + "

    Keep or transfer the number, or give it to someone else

    ", + "

    Which form you send depends on whether the number is already on (\u2018assigned to\u2019) a vehicle.

    ", + "

    If the number is already assigned to a vehicle

    ", + "

    Fill in:

    ", + "
  • the V317 form (if you have an old blue form, fill in section 2)
    • ", + "
  • section 2 if you have a new style log book (with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover) or section 6 if you have the older style log book
    • ", + "

    Make sure you include the details of the person you want to transfer the number to, for example an executor or next of kin.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a380.

    ", + "

    If the number has not been assigned to a vehicle

    ", + "

    Send the documents that prove you\u2019ve got the right to use the number and either the:

    ", + "
  • V778 retention document
    • ", + "
  • V750 certificate of entitlement form
    • ", + "

    The executors must sign the V778 or V750 before you send it.

    ", + "

    You must also send a covering letter from the executors saying if you want to:

    ", + "
  • keep the number
    • ", + "
  • give the number to someone else
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the V778 or V750

    ", + "

    Send DVLA:

    ", + "
  • the documents that prove you have the right to use the number
    • ", + "
  • a covering letter signed by all the executors confirming that you do not have the forms, and explaining what you want to do with the number
    • ", + "

    Give up your right to use the private number

    ", + "

    You might be able to get a refund of the \u00a380 assignment fee if:

    ", + "
  • a private number was not assigned to a vehicle after the fee was paid
    • ", + "
  • you have the latest V778 or V750 document - if you\u2019ve lost it and it\u2019s still valid you can get a replacement from DVLA
    • ", + "

    Check the V778 or V750 document to find out if a fee was paid.

    ", + "

    If the document was issued before 9 March 2015, you can only get a refund once it expires. You cannot get a replacement document if it\u2019s expired.

    ", + "

    Send DVLA:

    ", + "
  • the V778 or V750 document - tick the \u2018Refund of the assignment fee\u2019 section and get all the executors to sign it
    • ", + "
  • the documents that prove you have the right to use the number
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the V778 or V750

    ", + "

    Send DVLA:

    ", + "
  • the documents that prove you have the right to use the number
    • ", + "
  • a covering letter signed by the all the executors confirming that you do not have the forms, and explaining what you want to do with the number
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Vehicle registration schemes for the motor trade", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration-schemes-for-the-motor-trade", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    There are 3 vehicle registration schemes for the motor trade. They are:

    ", + "
  • the non-secure registration scheme
    • ", + "
  • the secure registration scheme
    • ", + "
  • the Register a Vehicle (RaV) service
    • ", + "

    You can use these schemes if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • vehicle manufacturer
    • ", + "
  • sole or multiple import concessionaire
    • ", + "
  • VAT-registered motor vehicle trader
    • ", + "

    Using the schemes

    ", + "

    When you first start registering vehicles, you have to use the non-secure scheme. The other 2 schemes are designed to speed up the vehicle registration process.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the secure scheme when you\u2019ve been using the non-secure scheme without irregularities or issues for 6 months.

    ", + "

    You need to have used the secure scheme for 3 months if you want to use the RaV service.

    ", + "

    The Vehicle Register

    ", + "

    This is maintained by DVLA. It\u2019s based on the information provided on the V55 registration form or by the RaV service.

    ", + "

    Non-secure registration scheme

    ", + "

    You need to complete form V55/4 and send it to DVLA Swansea, SA99 1BE with one of the following documents:

    ", + "
  • a valid \u2018CoC\u2019 (certificate of conformity)
    • ", + "
  • the correct vehicle type approval certificate
    • ", + "
  • a Vehicle Certification Agency certificate of British National Type Approval (goods vehicles and mutual recognition)
    • ", + "

    Send the documents along with:

    ", + "
  • the registration fee
    • ", + "
  • the licence fee
    • ", + "
  • the appropriate customs form for an imported vehicle
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of newness (if applicable)
    • ", + "
  • approved identity documents confirming your name and address
    • ", + "
  • a foreign registration document (for used, imported vehicles)
    • ", + "

    You can only apply to use the secure registration scheme after you\u2019ve been using the non-secure scheme without irregularities or issues for 6 months.

    ", + "

    Secure registration scheme

    ", + "

    When your company has been approved to use this scheme, some of the documentation needed for the non-secure scheme is no longer required.

    ", + "

    Instead, you complete the registration process by transferring the data from one of the following onto the V55/1 or V55/2 form:

    ", + "
  • European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval Certificate
    • ", + "
  • National Small Series Type Approval Certificate
    • ", + "
  • Goods Vehicle National Type Approval Certificate
    • ", + "

    You register vehicles by sending the following to DVLA Swansea, SA99 1BE:

    ", + "
  • a completed V55/1 or V55/2 form
    • ", + "
  • the registration fee and the fee to tax a vehicle
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no need to provide evidence of newness with your V55/1 or V55/2 form.

    ", + "

    Contact one of the following trade associations to get a V55/1 or V55/2 form:

    ", + "
  • Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders
    • ", + "
  • Motor Cycle Industry Association
    • ", + "
  • Agricultural Engineers Association
    • ", + "

    Or write to:

    ", + "

    You can also order the forms by faxing 01792 783525 or emailing stores.order.forms@dvla.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    Modified vehicles

    ", + "

    Vehicles modified before registration - for example with different wheels, tyres or a silencer - may need a:

    ", + "
  • Single Vehicle Approval inspection
    • ", + "
  • Individual Vehicle Approval inspection
    • ", + "
  • Motorcycle Vehicle Approval inspection
    • ", + "
  • further type approval work
    • ", + "

    These vehicles then need to be registered using the non-secure system with one of the above certificates.

    ", + "

    Vehicles modified through the multi-stage build process and then type approved, or those using the enhancement scheme, can be registered using the secure registration scheme.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Email secureformsscheme@dvla.gov.uk to apply.

    ", + "

    They will send you an application pack and guidance notes.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve used the secure registration scheme for 3 months, you can apply to use the Register a Vehicle (RaV) service.

    ", + "

    Register a Vehicle service

    ", + "

    The Register a Vehicle (RaV) service is a web-based version of the secure registration scheme and it can save you time if you decide to join it.

    ", + "

    Before applying for the RaV service you must:

    ", + "
  • be approved to register vehicles using the secure registration scheme
    • ", + "
  • have used the secure scheme for at least 3 months
    • ", + "

    DVLA staff will provide initial training in the system and there\u2019s also a helpdesk that operates from Monday to Friday, 8am to 5pm.

    ", + "

    Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA) control check arrangements

    ", + "

    You still need to maintain the same paper records for the RaV service, as you did for the secure registration scheme.

    ", + "

    These could include:

    ", + "
  • V55 document security (when used as back up for printer or computer failure or other registration purposes)
    • ", + "
  • derogation forms from potential new vehicle suppliers
    • ", + "
  • spot check records
    • ", + "

    The DVLA or VCA may visit you to make sure control checks and security systems are being maintained.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Email rav@dvla.gov.uk if you register your vehicles on forms V55/1 or V55/2.

    ", + "

    Email secureformsscheme@dvla.gov.uk if:

    ", + "
  • you register your vehicles on form V55/4
    • ", + "
  • you want to register for the secure registration scheme before joining the RaV service
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll be told how to sign in to the\u00a0RaV\u00a0service.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Seat belts: the law", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seat-belts-law", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must wear a seat belt if one is fitted in the seat you\u2019re using - there are only a few exceptions.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also only allowed 1 person in each seat fitted with a seat belt.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a3500 if you don\u2019t wear a seat belt when you\u2019re supposed to.

    ", + "

    Children

    ", + "

    You must make sure that any children in the vehicle you\u2019re driving are:

    ", + "
  • in the correct car seat for their height or weight until they reach 135 centimetres tall or their 12th birthday, whichever is first
    • ", + "
  • wearing a seat belt if they\u2019re 12 or 13 years old, or younger and over 135cm tall
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a3500 if a child under 14 isn\u2019t in the correct car seat or wearing a seat belt while you\u2019re driving.

    ", + "

    When you don't need to wear a seat belt

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to wear a seat belt if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a driver who is reversing, or supervising a learner driver who is reversing
    • ", + "
  • in a vehicle being used for police, fire and rescue services
    • ", + "
  • a passenger in a trade vehicle and you\u2019re investigating a fault
    • ", + "
  • driving a goods vehicle on deliveries that is travelling no more than 50 metres between stops
    • ", + "
  • a licensed taxi driver who is \u2018plying for hire\u2019 or carrying passengers
    • ", + "

    Medical exemptions

    ", + "

    Your doctor may say you don\u2019t have to wear a seat belt for a medical reason. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018Certificate of Exemption from Compulsory Seat Belt Wearing\u2019. You must:

    ", + "
  • keep this in your vehicle
    • ", + "
  • show it to the police if you\u2019re stopped
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to tell your car insurer.

    ", + "

    Talk to your doctor for more information and read \u2018medical exemptions from compulsory seat belt wearing\u2019.

    ", + "

    Wearing a seat belt while pregnant

    ", + "

    You must wear a seat belt if you\u2019re pregnant, unless your doctor says you don\u2019t have to for medical reasons.

    ", + "

    Wearing a seat belt if you\u2019re disabled

    ", + "

    You must wear a seat belt if you\u2019re a disabled driver or passenger, unless you don\u2019t have to for medical reasons. You may need to adapt your vehicle.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle doesn\u2019t have seat belts

    ", + "

    If your vehicle doesn\u2019t have seat belts, for example it\u2019s a classic car, you aren\u2019t allowed to carry any children under 3 years old in it.

    ", + "

    Children over 3 are only allowed to sit in the back seats.

    ", + "

    These rules only apply if your vehicle was originally made without seat belts.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Vehicle recalls and faults", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-recalls-and-faults", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need to get your vehicle, vehicle parts and accessories fixed or replaced by the manufacturer if they find a serious problem with them.

    ", + "

    This includes:

    ", + "
  • cars
    • ", + "
  • motorcycles, quadricycles and tricycles
    • ", + "
  • caravans and horse boxes
    • ", + "
  • child car seats
    • ", + "
  • seat belts and harnesses
    • ", + "
  • tyres
    • ", + "
  • components and parts
    • ", + "
  • agricultural equipment
    • ", + "
  • lorries, buses, coaches and minibuses
    • ", + "

    You can report a serious safety defects with your vehicle or accessory if it could cause injury.

    ", + "

    Recalled vehicles, parts and accessories

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is recalled for a safety reason, you\u2019ll usually be sent a letter by the manufacturer telling you:

    ", + "
  • why it\u2019s being recalled
    • ", + "
  • what you need to do next
    • ", + "
  • who you should contact
    • ", + "

    You will not usually have to pay for any repairs or parts under a safety recall.

    ", + "

    Other ways of finding out about recalls

    ", + "

    You will not get a letter if the manufacturer does not have your contact details, for example for car child seats.

    ", + "

    You can check if a vehicle model, part or accessory has been recalled for a safety reason.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You\u2019re legally responsible for making sure that your vehicle is:

    ", + "
  • kept in a safe condition
    • ", + "
  • safe to drive whenever you drive it
    • ", + "

    If you do not get your vehicle inspected and fixed, you could:

    ", + "
  • affect any insurance claim you make
    • ", + "
  • put yourself and others at serious risk
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for driving a vehicle in a dangerous condition.

    ", + "

    Report a serious safety defect

    ", + "

    If you find a serious defect that affects the safety of your vehicle, one of its parts, or an accessory, report it to the manufacturer immediately.

    ", + "

    Tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you\u2019re not happy with how the manufacturer is dealing with your report.

    ", + "

    DVSA will:

    ", + "
  • investigate the issue with the manufacturer
    • ", + "
  • tell you what action is being taken
    • ", + "

    The vehicle, part or accessory can be recalled if it\u2019s found to be a serious safety issue.

    ", + "

    How to report a serious safety defect

    ", + "

    To report the defect you\u2019ll need to give details of what happened and:

    ", + "
  • the vehicle registration (number plate)
    • ", + "
  • the make and model of the vehicle
    • ", + "
  • the year the vehicle was made
    • ", + "
  • the current mileage
    • ", + "
  • the engine type (for example, petrol)
    • ", + "
  • the gearbox type (manual or automatic)
    • ", + "
  • any photos showing the defect (if you have them)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have all of the vehicle details, you can get some vehicle information from DVLA.

    ", + "

    Report a defect

    ", + "

    What counts as a serious safety defect

    ", + "

    A serious safety defect is something:

    ", + "
  • about the way the vehicle is designed or made that\u2019s likely to cause injury or death
    • ", + "
  • that happens suddenly and without warning
    • ", + "

    What does not count as a serious safety defect

    ", + "

    Things are not classed as a serious safety defect if:

    ", + "
  • they can be found during routine maintenance and servicing
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re warned about them by warning lights, noticeable changes in handling and unusual noises
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re caused by you misusing the vehicle, for example overloading your vehicle causing a tyre failure
    • ", + "

    Faults with vehicles, parts and accessories

    ", + "

    Faults in the way vehicles, vehicle parts and accessories are designed or made have to be registered with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if they:

    ", + "
  • mean it could become unsafe in the future if it\u2019s not fixed
    • ", + "
  • could mean that the vehicle, part or accessory no longer meets the legal standard
    • ", + "

    Other types of general faults are not registered with DVSA.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019ll be told about faults

    ", + "

    If you own something affected, you might be sent a letter by the manufacturer telling you:

    ", + "
  • what the fault is
    • ", + "
  • what you need to do next
    • ", + "
  • who you should contact
    • ", + "

    You usually do not have to pay to get the fault fixed.

    ", + "

    Other ways of finding out about faults

    ", + "

    You can contact the manufacturer or dealer of your vehicle, part or accessory to check for any registered faults.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You do not have to do anything about the fault if you do not want to. However, not getting it fixed could mean that:

    ", + "
  • it becomes unsafe in the future
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle fails its next MOT
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Boatmasters' licence", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/boatmasters-licence", + "contents": [ + "

    Check if you need a licence

    ", + "

    You must have a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re the master of certain vessels on:

    ", + "
  • inland waters in categories A to D, such as canals, rivers, lakes and some estuaries
    • ", + "
  • \u2018limited\u2019 coastal area operations - no more than 5 miles from the land and 15 miles from where your vessel sets off or arrives
    • ", + "

    You may be prosecuted and fined for not having the right boatmasters\u2019 licence.

    ", + "

    Find out what types and class of vessels can operate on UK inland waters.

    ", + "

    When you do not need a licence

    ", + "

    You do not need a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re in charge of:

    ", + "
  • a pleasure vessel, including hire boats used as pleasure vessels
    • ", + "
  • fishing vessels
    • ", + "

    Using alternative certificates

    ", + "

    Some certificates can be used instead of a boatmasters\u2019 licence, including STCW certificates of competency and certificates awarded by the Royal Yachting Association.

    ", + "

    If you have an alternative certificate, you must:

    ", + "
  • check if you need a paper endorsement or a boat handling test - read sections 3 and 4 of the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice
    • ", + "
  • download and fill in the application form and send it to your nearest marine office
    • ", + "
  • pay the right fees
    • ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    Read the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice to find out:

    ", + "
  • which vessels you need a boatmasters\u2019 licence for
    • ", + "
  • what kinds of boatmasters\u2019 licence you can apply for
    • ", + "
  • what you need to apply for a boatmasters\u2019 licence
    • ", + "
  • what you need to revalidate a boatmasters\u2019 licence
    • ", + "
  • alternative qualifications you can have instead of a boatmasters\u2019 licence
    • ", + "
  • information on local knowledge requirements
    • ", + "

    You should also:

    ", + "
  • keep records of relevant work and training for your licence application
    • ", + "
  • check for local regulations, such as byelaws that you may need to know
    • ", + "
  • check that you have safety training from an approved training provider
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • read the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice
    • ", + "
  • download the application form for a boatmasters\u2019 licence
    • ", + "
  • pay the right fees
    • ", + "

    Replacing your licence

    ", + "

    Download the application form for a replacement boatmasters\u2019 licence.

    ", + "

    Replacing your licence costs \u00a323.

    ", + "

    Renewing your licence

    ", + "

    Your boatmasters\u2019 licence usually lasts 5 years.

    ", + "

    Renewing your licence costs \u00a331.

    ", + "

    Download the boatmasters\u2019 licence renewal application form. Send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Upgrading your licence

    ", + "

    Download the form to upgrade your licence, or add another area to your licence.

    ", + "

    The fee for upgrading your licence can vary.

    ", + "

    Exemptions under the 2006 Boatmasters' Regulations

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a \u2018Tier 2 Level 2\u2019 licence before your exemption expires if you want to keep working. This will cover all the areas described on your exemption certificate.

    ", + "

    You may be prosecuted and fined for not having the right boatmasters\u2019 licence when your exemption expires.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    If you have an exemption certificate and want to continue working, you must:

    ", + "
  • check if you can apply for a Tier 2 boatmasters\u2019 licence by reading section 22 of the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice
    • ", + "
  • download and fill in the application form and send it to your nearest marine office
    • ", + "
  • pay the right fees
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal against a penalty charge notice", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-against-a-penalty-charge-notice", + "contents": [ + "

    Appealing to an independent tribunal

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to an independent tribunal against a penalty charge notice (PCN) if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if you\u2019ve already tried making making a formal challenge (\u2018representation\u2019).

    ", + "

    This includes any PCN issued in England or Wales for:

    ", + "
  • parking
    • ", + "
  • breaking traffic rules, for example going against a \u2018no right turn\u2019 sign or driving in a bus lane when you shouldn\u2019t
    • ", + "
  • not paying the Dartford Crossing, London congestion or low emissions zone charge on time
    • ", + "

    There are different ways to appeal in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    When to appeal

    ", + "

    You then have 28 days to appeal after you get a \u2018notice of rejection\u2019 to say your formal challenge has failed.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Find out how to appeal to:

    ", + "
  • London Tribunals if your PCN was issued in London
    • ", + "
  • the Traffic Penalty Tribunal if your PCN was issued outside London, in England or Wales - this includes PCNs from Dart Charge
    • ", + "

    If your appeal is successful the PCN will be cancelled and you won\u2019t have to pay anything.

    ", + "

    If your appeal fails

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have 28 days to pay the penalty charge notice (PCN) if your appeal is refused.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t pay within 28 days

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018charge certificate\u2019 and you\u2019ll have to pay 50% more within 14 days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a court order demanding payment if you don\u2019t pay a charge certificate within 14 days.

    ", + "

    If you get a court order

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have 21 days to pay the penalty charge notice (PCN) or challenge a court order demanding payment (known as an \u2018order of recovery\u2019).

    ", + "

    Bailiffs (\u2018enforcement agents\u2019) will be told to visit your home to collect what you owe if you don\u2019t pay or challenge within 21 days.

    ", + "

    When you can challenge

    ", + "

    You can challenge an order of recovery if you:

    ", + "
  • didn\u2019t get a \u2018notice to owner\u2019 telling you how to make a formal challenge
    • ", + "
  • made a formal challenge on time but didn\u2019t get a \u2018notice of rejection\u2019
    • ", + "
  • appealed to an independent tribunal on time but didn\u2019t get a response
    • ", + "
  • have proof you\u2019ve paid the penalty charge, such as a credit card statement
    • ", + "

    How to challenge

    ", + "

    The form you use to challenge an order of recovery depends on whether it relates to:

    ", + "
  • a parking PCN - use form TE9
    • ", + "
  • a Dart Charge PCN - use form TE9 Dart Charge
    • ", + "
  • a low emission zone PCN - use form PE3 vehicle emissions
    • ", + "
  • any other PCN, for example for driving in a bus lane - use form PE3
    • ", + "

    Send it to the Traffic Enforcement Centre (TEC) within 21 days.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get more time to challenge an order of recovery.

    ", + "

    If your challenge is successful

    ", + "

    The order of recovery will be withdrawn and bailiffs won\u2019t be able to seize your property.

    ", + "

    The council or authority that issued the PCN will then do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • cancel the PCN, for example because you paid it in full
    • ", + "
  • issue a new notice to owner - you\u2019ll have 28 days to pay or challenge
    • ", + "
  • refer your case to an independent tribunal
    • ", + "

    Getting more time to challenge a court order

    ", + "

    You can ask for more time to challenge a court order (\u2018order of recovery\u2019) if you:

    ", + "
  • were contacted about a penalty charge notice (PCN) you didn\u2019t know about
    • ", + "
  • were contacted about a paid or cancelled PCN
    • ", + "
  • didn\u2019t get a response to your formal challenge (\u2018representation\u2019) or appeal
    • ", + "

    Do this by making an \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge to the order of recovery.

    ", + "

    Making an \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge

    ", + "

    Use an \u2018out of time\u2019 form to explain why you\u2019re making a late challenge. Send it with the form you need to challenge the order of recovery.

    ", + "

    The \u2018out of time\u2019 form you use depends on whether it relates to:

    ", + "
  • a parking PCN
    • ", + "
  • a Dart Charge PCN
    • ", + "
  • any other PCN - for example for driving in a bus lane
    • ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Bailiffs will be told to stop any action while your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is considered by the council or authority that issued the PCN.

    ", + "

    If your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is accepted

    ", + "

    Bailiffs will have to return any property they seized and the council or authority will decide what happens next if your challenge is successful.

    ", + "

    If your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is refused

    ", + "

    The Traffic Enforcement Centre (TEC) will review your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge if it\u2019s refused by the council or authority. You\u2019ll get a letter to tell you if your challenge is successful or not.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s not, you can ask a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    The council or authority that issued the PCN can also ask a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Getting a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    Send application notice N244 to the TEC with your fee within 14 days of the date the decision was made.

    ", + "

    Read the N244 guidelines for help filling in the application.

    ", + "

    Fee

    ", + "

    How much you pay depends on whether you want to attend a hearing to present your case.

    ", + "How you want your case to be decided | Fee", + "With hearing at your local county court | \u00a3255", + "Without hearing by a district judge | \u00a3100", + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income, or you\u2019re on certain benefits and don\u2019t have much in savings, you might be able to get money off the fee.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Driving disqualifications", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-disqualifications", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can be banned (disqualified) from driving if you are either:

    ", + "
  • convicted of a driving offence
    • ", + "
  • get 12 or more penalty points (endorsements) within 3 years
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a summons in the post that tells you when you must go to court.

    ", + "

    Some disqualification rules are different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    How long a driving ban will last

    ", + "

    The court will decide how long the disqualification will last, based on how serious they think the offence is.

    ", + "

    You can be banned from driving if you already have 12 or more penalty points on your licence. Your ban can last:

    ", + "
  • 6 months, if you get 12 or more penalty points within 3 years
    • ", + "
  • 12 months, if you get a second disqualification within 3 years
    • ", + "
  • 2 years, if you get a third disqualification within 3 years
    • ", + "

    Disqualified for 56 days or more

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disqualified for 56 days or more you must apply for a new licence before driving again.

    ", + "

    You might also have to retake your driving test or take an extended driving test before getting your full licence. The court will tell you if you have to do this.

    ", + "

    Disqualified for less than 56 days

    ", + "

    View your driving licence record online to check the disqualification. You cannot drive until it has ended.

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply for a new licence before you can drive again.

    ", + "

    Disqualification outside Great Britain

    ", + "

    You cannot drive in Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man if you\u2019ve been banned from driving on your Great Britain driving licence.

    ", + "

    This is called \u2018mutual recognition of disqualification\u2019. Disqualified drivers from Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man are also banned from driving in Great Britain.

    ", + "

    Check when your disqualification ends

    ", + "

    You can find the date your driving ban ends:

    ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "
  • on the reminder form D27 that DVLA sends you 56 days before your disqualification ends
    • ", + "
  • on the D27PH letter issued 90 days before certain drink-related disqualifications end
    • ", + "
  • by contacting DVLA (if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact DVA)
    • ", + "

    Apply to reduce your disqualification period

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to reduce your disqualification period after you\u2019ve been banned from driving for:

    ", + "
  • 2 years - if the disqualification was for fewer than 4 years
    • ", + "
  • half the disqualification period - if it was for at least 4 but under 10 years
    • ", + "
  • 5 years - if the disqualification was for 10 years or more
    • ", + "

    You must have a good reason for asking for the disqualification to be reduced. For example, if you think the court made a legal mistake or there were reasons you committed the driving offence that the court did not take into account.

    ", + "

    Write to the court that disqualified you with the date of offence, date of conviction and any other supporting information.

    ", + "

    The court will tell DVLA if it decides to reduce your disqualification period. If it does, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new licence.

    ", + "

    If the court refuses your request you have to wait 3 months before you can ask again.

    ", + "

    If your disqualification is reduced

    ", + "

    Car or motorbike licences

    ", + "

    Apply for a new licence by sending DVLA a completed form D1 \u2018Application for a driving licence\u2019, available from the DVLA form ordering service or most Post Offices. You must pay a fee.

    ", + "

    Lorry or bus licences

    ", + "

    Apply for a new licence by sending DVLA a completed form D2 \u2018Application for a lorry/bus licence\u2019, available from the DVLA form ordering service. You must pay a fee.

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Apply to the DVA to renew your licence.

    ", + "

    If you need to retake your test

    ", + "

    If the court told you that you must take another driving test before driving again, you\u2019ll have to apply for a new provisional licence.

    ", + "

    You can drive as soon as your ban is over and you\u2019ve passed the tests you need to take.

    ", + "

    How to get a new licence

    ", + "
  • DVLA will send you a reminder 56 days before your disqualification ends - use this to apply for a new provisional driving licence. If you did not get a reminder, order an application form instead. Order form D1 for a car and motorbike licence or form D2 for a lorry and bus licence.
    • ", + "
  • Book and take a theory and practical test (or compulsory basic training and motorcycle practical test if you ride a motorcycle). Book and take an extended practical test if the court told you to take one. The extended practical test lasts at least 60 minutes and has higher fees.
    • ", + "
  • When you\u2019ve passed the practical test, ask the examiner to arrange for your new licence to be sent to you - you can legally drive as soon as you\u2019ve passed the practical test.
    • ", + "

    If you want to drive a large vehicle (category C) or a bus (category D) the local traffic commissioner must agree - DVLA will ask them when you apply for your new full licence.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve got a licence from an EU country

    ", + "

    Do not apply for a provisional licence - you can use your EU driving licence to take the test instead.

    ", + "

    Follow the usual rules for learning to drive until you retake your test and pass.

    ", + "

    Changes to your name and address while disqualified

    ", + "

    Tell DVLA if you change your name or address while disqualified.

    ", + "

    Write with details of your old and new address, name if changed, your driving licence number (if known) and date of birth.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Disqualification for drink-driving

    ", + "

    You can be disqualified if you\u2019re found guilty of drink-driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply for a new licence after your disqualification ends.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disqualified from driving for 12 months or more, you might be able to reduce your ban by taking a drink-drive rehabilitation course.

    ", + "

    High risk offenders

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a \u2018high risk offender\u2019, you will not get your new licence until you can prove you\u2019re fit to drive again. You\u2019ll need to pass a medical examination with one of DVLA\u2019s appointed doctors.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a high risk offender if you:

    ", + "
  • were convicted of 2 drink driving offences within 10 years
    • ", + "
  • were driving with an alcohol reading of at least 87.5 microgrammes of alcohol per 100 millilitres (ml) of breath, 200 milligrammes (mg) of alcohol per 100 ml of blood, or 267.5 mg of alcohol per 100 ml of urine
    • ", + "
  • refused to give the police a sample of breath, blood or urine to test for alcohol
    • ", + "
  • refused to allow a sample of your blood to be tested for alcohol (for example if it was taken when you were unconscious)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a D27PH renewal form 90 days before your disqualification ends. You must fill in the form and send it to DVLA to reapply for your licence.

    ", + "

    Medical examination with a DVLA doctor

    ", + "

    Once DVLA receive your application for a new licence, they\u2019ll send you the doctors details so you can make an appointment.

    ", + "

    You have to pay for your examination.

    ", + "

    During the examination, you\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • complete a questionnaire about your medical history and use of alcohol
    • ", + "
  • take part in a physical examination
    • ", + "
  • have your blood tested
    • ", + "

    The process is different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Disqualification for drug driving

    ", + "

    You can be disqualified from driving for at least 1 year if you\u2019re found guilty of drug driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.

    ", + "

    You must apply for a new licence before you can drive again.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Driving abroad", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad", + "contents": [ + "

    Driving abroad on holiday

    ", + "

    You need to take your Great Britain or Northern Ireland driving licence with you to drive abroad. Check yours is still valid and renew your driving licence online if it\u2019s expired or about to expire. You\u2019ll need to apply to renew your licence at least a week before you travel.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking your own vehicle, you also need to take your log book (V5C) and your insurance certificate.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking a vehicle abroad that you\u2019ve hired or leased in the UK, you\u2019ll need a VE103 certificate.

    ", + "

    Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)

    ", + "

    You might need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. Check if you need an IDP.

    ", + "

    You can get IDPs over the counter at the Post Office. You might need one for each country you\u2019re visiting.

    ", + "

    Do not apply for an IDP if you\u2019re moving abroad. You\u2019ll need to either exchange your UK licence or apply for a new one in the country you\u2019re moving to.

    ", + "

    Check the overseas driving rules

    ", + "

    Make sure you follow overseas driving rules, including local speed limits and drink driving laws. You may be breaking the law and get a fine if you do not.

    ", + "

    Depending on the country you\u2019re visiting you may need:

    ", + "
  • extra equipment - for example, you need a reflective jacket and a warning triangle in many countries
    • ", + "
  • emission stickers (permits) in some European cities - you may need to buy these weeks before you go abroad
    • ", + "
  • headlight converter stickers
    • ", + "
  • a GB sticker
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re hiring a car, it\u2019s your responsibility to check you have the equipment you need.

    ", + "

    Check what you need to do if you\u2019re driving in the EU.

    ", + "

    Check the travel advice for all countries.

    ", + "

    Check your insurance if you\u2019re taking your own vehicle

    ", + "

    Your UK vehicle insurance gives you a minimum of third party cover to drive your vehicle in EU countries. Check with your insurer if your policy covers extra things like theft or damage.

    ", + "

    You need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 for your vehicle if you\u2019re driving in:

    ", + "
  • the EU (including Ireland)
    • ", + "
  • Andorra
    • ", + "
  • Iceland
    • ", + "
  • Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "

    In other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card to show you\u2019re covered. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re driving in.

    ", + "

    Towing your trailer or caravan abroad

    ", + "

    Check if you need to register your trailer before you can take it abroad.

    ", + "

    When driving in the EU (including Ireland), Andorra, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Serbia and Switzerland, you need to carry a separate green card for both:

    ", + "
  • the vehicle you\u2019re driving
    • ", + "
  • the trailer or caravan you\u2019re towing
    • ", + "

    In other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card for each trailer or caravan you tow. Check what you need to bring with your insurer before you travel.

    ", + "

    Hiring a car abroad

    ", + "

    Your hire company may ask to see your driving licence information when you pick up the car. You can share this by getting a licence \u2018check code\u2019. You can do this up to 21 days before your trip.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re hiring a car, insurance is included. Check what you\u2019re covered for with the hire company.

    ", + "

    Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)

    ", + "

    You may need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. The permit you may need depends on:

    ", + "
  • which country you\u2019re visiting
    • ", + "
  • how long you\u2019re staying
    • ", + "

    You need to have a valid Great Britain (GB) or Northern Ireland driving licence to get an IDP.

    ", + "

    Driving in Europe

    ", + "

    You do not need an IDP to drive in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein if you have a photocard driving licence issued in the UK.

    ", + "

    You might need an IDP to drive in some EU countries and Norway if you have either:

    ", + "
  • a paper driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a licence issued in Gibraltar, Guernsey, Jersey or the Isle of Man
    • ", + "

    Check with the embassy of the country you will be driving in.

    ", + "

    Check which IDP you need

    ", + "

    Check the table to find out if you need an IDP. There are 3 types of IDP:

    ", + "
  • 1926
    • ", + "
  • 1949
    • ", + "
  • 1968
    • ", + "

    The IDP you need depends on what country you\u2019re visiting.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling through more than one country, you might need more than one type of IDP.

    ", + "

    If the country you\u2019re visiting is not included in the table, check with the embassy of the country you\u2019re travelling to.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re hiring a car, check with your car hire company.

    ", + "

    If you already have an IDP, make sure it\u2019s still valid in the country you\u2019re visiting.

    ", + "Country or territory | Type of IDP | More information", + "Albania | 1968 | ", + "Algeria | 1949 | ", + "Andorra | 1949 | ", + "Argentina | 1949 | ", + "Armenia | 1968 | ", + "Australia | 1949 | ", + "Austria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "Azerbaijan | 1968 | ", + "Bahamas | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Bahrain | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days. You must get your permit certified by local authorities when you arrive.", + "Bangladesh | 1949 | ", + "Barbados | 1949 | ", + "Belarus | 1968 | ", + "Belgium | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Belgian Embassy.", + "Benin | 1949 | ", + "Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1968 | ", + "Botswana | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire.", + "Brazil | 1968 | You need to get a certified translation of your IDP from the British consulate.", + "Bulgaria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "Burkina Faso | 1949 | ", + "Cambodia | 1949 | ", + "Canada | 1949 | ", + "Cape Verde | 1968 | ", + "Central African Republic | 1968 | ", + "Chile | 1949 | ", + "Congo | 1949 | ", + "Cote d\u2019Ivoire (Ivory Coast) | 1968 | ", + "Croatia | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Croatian Embassy.", + "Cuba | 1968 | ", + "Cyprus | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for visits up to 30 days. For visits longer than 30 days you will need a 1949 IDP. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP for any length of visit. Check with the High Commission of Cyprus.", + "Czech Republic | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Czech Republic Embassy.", + "Democratic Republic of Congo | 1968 | ", + "Denmark | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days.", + "Dominican Republic | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Ecuador | 1949 | ", + "Egypt | 1949 | ", + "Estonia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for up to 90 days in any 180-day period. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Estonian Embassy.", + "Eswatini (previously Swaziland) | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident.", + "Fiji | 1949 | ", + "Finland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "France | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the French Embassy.", + "French Polynesia | 1968 | ", + "Georgia | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Germany | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the German Embassy.", + "Ghana | 1949 | ", + "Greece | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "Guam | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident.", + "Guatemala | 1949 | ", + "Guyana | 1968 | ", + "Haiti | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Hungary | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Hungarian Embassy.", + "Iceland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 30 days.", + "India | 1949 | ", + "Iran | 1968 | ", + "Iraq | 1968 | ", + "Ireland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months.", + "Israel | 1968 | ", + "Italy | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Italian Embassy.", + "Jamaica | 1949 | ", + "Japan | 1949 | ", + "Jordan | 1949 | ", + "Kazakhstan | 1968 | ", + "Kenya | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Kuwait | 1968 | ", + "Kyrgyzstan | 1968 | ", + "Laos | 1949 | ", + "Latvia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "Lebanon | 1949 | ", + "Lesotho | 1949 | ", + "Liberia | 1968 | ", + "Libya | 1949 | ", + "Liechtenstein | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "Lithuania | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months.", + "Luxembourg | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months.", + "Macao (Macau) | 1949 | ", + "Madagascar | 1949 | ", + "Malawi | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Malaysia (Sabah) | 1949 | ", + "Mali | 1949 | ", + "Malta | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP. Check with the Malta High Commission.", + "Mexico | 1926 | ", + "Moldova | 1968 | ", + "Monaco | 1968 | ", + "Mongolia | 1968 | ", + "Montenegro | 1968 | ", + "Morocco | 1968 | ", + "Myanmar (previously Burma) | 1968 | ", + "Namibia | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident.", + "Netherlands | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "New Zealand | 1949 | ", + "Niger | 1968 | ", + "Nigeria | 1968 | ", + "North Macedonia | 1968 | ", + "Norway | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Norwegian Embassy.", + "Pakistan | 1968 | ", + "Papua New Guinea | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days.", + "Paraguay | 1949 | ", + "Peru | 1968 | ", + "Philippines | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Poland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months.", + "Portugal | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months.", + "Qatar | 1968 | ", + "Romania | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Romanian Embassy.", + "Russian Federation | 1968 | ", + "Rwanda | 1949 | ", + "San Marino | 1968 | ", + "Saudi Arabia | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire.", + "Senegal | 1968 | ", + "Serbia | 1968 | ", + "Seychelles | 1968 | ", + "Sierra Leone | 1949 | ", + "Singapore | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 30 days.", + "Slovakia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. For visits longer than 6 months you\u2019ll need a 1968 IDP.", + "Slovenia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days.", + "Somalia | 1926 | ", + "South Africa | 1968 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident.", + "South Korea | 1949 | ", + "Spain (including Balearic and Canary Isles) | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months.", + "Sri Lanka | 1949 | As well as the IDP, you must get a Sri Lankan recognition permit from the Automobile Association of Ceylon (AAC) in Colombo.", + "St. Lucia | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence.", + "St. Vincent | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence.", + "Sweden | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months.", + "Switzerland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "Syria | 1949 | ", + "Tajikistan | 1968 | ", + "Taiwan | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days.", + "Thailand | 1949 | ", + "Togo | 1949 | ", + "Trinidad & Tobago | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Tunisia | 1968 | ", + "Turkey | 1968 | ", + "Turkmenistan | 1968 | ", + "Uganda | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Ukraine | 1968 | ", + "United Arab Emirates | 1968 | ", + "United States | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident.", + "Uruguay | 1968 | ", + "Uzbekistan | 1968 | ", + "Vatican City | 1949 | ", + "Venezuela | 1949 | ", + "Vietnam | 1968 | ", + "Zimbabwe | 1968 | ", + "

    Get an international driving permit (IDP)

    ", + "

    You can get an IDP over the counter at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    They cost \u00a35.50 and you must:

    ", + "
  • live in Great Britain or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • have a full UK driving licence
    • ", + "
  • be 18 or over
    • ", + "

    Check if you need an IDP first.

    ", + "

    A 1926 or 1949 permit lasts for 12 months. A 1968 permit lasts for 3 years or until your UK driving licence expires, whichever comes first.

    ", + "

    Driving if you move abroad

    ", + "

    You need to get a local driving licence if you move abroad. Check with the driving licence authorities there to find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    In some countries you can exchange your UK licence without taking another driving test.

    ", + "

    If you move to an EU country, check the rules for exchanging your licence in the EU.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Taking a vehicle out of the UK", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-vehicles-out-of-uk", + "contents": [ + "

    For 12 months or more

    ", + "

    You must tell DVLA if you\u2019re taking your vehicle out of the UK, including to the Channel Islands (Jersey and Guernsey), Isle of Man or Ireland, for 12 months or more.

    ", + "

    This is known as permanent export. You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • Fill in the \u2018permanent export\u2019 section of your vehicle log book (V5C) and detach it from the log book.
    • ", + "
  • Send the completed \u2018permanent export\u2019 section to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1BD. Include a letter if you\u2019ve moved abroad and want your vehicle tax refund (if you\u2019re entitled to one) sent to your new address.
    • ", + "
  • Keep the rest of your log book (V5C) - you need it to register your vehicle in the country you\u2019re taking it to.
    • ", + "
  • Update the address on your driving licence if you\u2019re moving home.
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re due a refund, it will take longer than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). The refund is worked out from the date DVLA gets your \u2018permanent export\u2019 section.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying a vehicle to take abroad make sure the seller follows the correct process for vehicles that will be registered in another country. They must give you the full log book (V5C) - not just the new keeper slip.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a vehicle log book (V5C)

    ", + "

    Before you leave the UK

    ", + "

    You need to get a vehicle log book (V5C) before you leave the UK. DVLA cannot send a vehicle log book to an address outside the UK.

    ", + "

    When you get your log book, fill in and send the \u2018permanent export\u2019 section to DVLA.

    ", + "

    It will take longer than usual to get your V5C log book because of coronavirus. If you do not receive it before you leave the UK, contact the driving authority of the country you\u2019re travelling to to find out what documents you need.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already left the UK

    ", + "

    Contact the driving authority of the country you\u2019re taking the vehicle to. They\u2019ll tell you what documents you\u2019ll need to provide to register the vehicle there.

    ", + "

    You also need to send a letter to DVLA to tell them you\u2019ve taken the vehicle out of the country. Include:

    ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • the date you took the vehicle out of the country
    • ", + "
  • where DVLA can send the vehicle tax refund (if you\u2019re entitled to one)
    • ", + "

    If you cannot get a vehicle log book (V5C)

    ", + "

    Contact the driving authority of the country you\u2019re taking the vehicle to - they\u2019ll tell you how to register your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Send a letter to DVLA to tell them you\u2019ve taken the vehicle out of the country. Include:

    ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • the date you took the vehicle out of the country
    • ", + "
  • where DVLA can send the vehicle tax refund
    • ", + "

    If the \u2018permanent export\u2019 section is missing

    ", + "

    If the \u2018permanent export\u2019 section is not in the log book, send a letter to DVLA to tell them you\u2019ve taken the vehicle out of the country. Include:

    ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • the date you took the vehicle out of the country
    • ", + "

    Moving your vehicle between Great Britain and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Fill in the change of address section in your log book and send it to DVLA.

    ", + "

    Personalised registrations

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to transfer or retain your personalised registration before exporting your vehicle. Otherwise you\u2019ll lose your right to the registration number.

    ", + "

    For less than 12 months

    ", + "

    You must take your vehicle log book (V5C) with you if you\u2019re taking your vehicle abroad for less than 12 months. You may have to show it if you\u2019re stopped at a port or while driving abroad.

    ", + "

    Your V5C must show your most recent address in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply in advance if you need to get a V5C or update your V5C before you travel. It will take longer than usual to get your new V5C because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    UK law still applies to a UK-registered vehicle if you take it abroad for less than 12 months. That means you need to make sure:

    ", + "
  • your vehicle is taxed in the UK while it\u2019s abroad
    • ", + "
  • you have a current MOT
    • ", + "
  • you have insurance
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to make sure you meet any international or national conditions for licensing and taxation.

    ", + "

    Check if you need to pay import duty

    ", + "

    You may need to pay import duty on your vehicle if you take it outside the UK. Check with the authorities in the country you\u2019re taking your vehicle to.

    ", + "

    You do not need to pay import duty to take your vehicle from Northern Ireland to Great Britain or the EU.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re going to a non-EU country that charges duty, you can buy a CPD Carnet. This lets you take your vehicle into the country temporarily without paying duty. It can also make crossing the border simpler.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a fee and a deposit. You usually get the carnet within 4 weeks of applying.

    ", + "

    Taking a vehicle to Liechtenstein, Mexico or Somalia

    ", + "

    You must take an International Certificate for Motor Vehicles (ICMV) with you as well as your V5C.

    ", + "

    Apply for an ICMV.

    ", + "

    Bringing your vehicle back untaxed

    ", + "

    If you bring your vehicle back to the UK untaxed you cannot drive it back into the UK - it\u2019ll have to be transported and a SORN (Statutory Off Road Notification) must be made straight away.

    ", + "

    Taking hired or leased vehicles abroad temporarily

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a VE103 vehicle on hire certificate to show you\u2019re allowed to use a hired or leased vehicle if you\u2019re driving it abroad.

    ", + "

    You can get a VE103 for a fee from the:

    ", + "
  • British Vehicle Rental and Leasing Association (BVRLA)
    • ", + "
  • Logistics UK
    • ", + "
  • RAC Motoring Services
    • ", + "
  • Road Haulage Association (RHA)
    • ", + "

    Taxes if you buy a new vehicle to take abroad

    ", + "

    If you buy a new or used vehicle to take out of the UK, you might not have to pay UK VAT or vehicle taxes such as the registration fee.

    ", + "

    What you pay and how you pay it depends on where you\u2019re exporting to and from.

    ", + "

    Export your vehicle with the Personal Export Scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to use the Personal Export Scheme to take a new or used vehicle:

    ", + "
  • from Great Britain to anywhere outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • from Northern Ireland to a non-EU country
    • ", + "

    When you buy a new vehicle and export under the scheme, you do not pay UK VAT. But you still have to pay vehicle taxes and the registration fee.

    ", + "

    You must be planning to leave the UK for at least 6 months with the vehicle. You usually have to be personally driving your vehicle.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    Fill in form VAT 410 (your supplier will give you a copy) and give it to your supplier.

    ", + "

    You can drive the vehicle in the UK for up to 6 months after the delivery date (or 12 months for non-UK and non-EU residents) - it must then be exported.

    ", + "

    The date for export of the vehicle is shown on the VX302 (for new cars) or the VAT 410 (for used cars).

    ", + "

    After export send the DVLA the:

    ", + "
  • VX302 - new vehicles
    • ", + "
  • V5C - second-hand vehicles
    • ", + "

    If you do not export the vehicle on time you\u2019ll have to pay the UK VAT.

    ", + "

    Export your vehicle from Northern Ireland to the EU

    ", + "

    If you buy a new vehicle in Northern Ireland to take to an EU country, you do not have to pay UK VAT if you:

    ", + "
  • take the vehicle out of the UK within 2 months
    • ", + "
  • do not drive the vehicle in the UK unless you register and tax it
    • ", + "

    Your supplier will get you to fill in form VAT 411.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to declare your vehicle and pay VAT in the other country when you get there.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Importing vehicles into the UK", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/importing-vehicles-into-the-uk", + "contents": [ + "

    How to import a vehicle

    ", + "

    You must complete certain steps as soon as you bring a vehicle into the UK permanently.

    ", + "

    You can pay an importer or shipping company to do them for you.

    ", + "
  • Tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 14 days that the vehicle has arrived in the UK.
    • ", + "
  • Pay VAT and duty if HMRC tells you to.
    • ", + "
  • Get vehicle approval to show your vehicle meets safety and environmental standards.
    • ", + "
  • Register and tax the vehicle with DVLA - they\u2019ll give you a registration number so you can get number plates made up.
    • ", + "

    You must also insure your vehicle before you drive it on UK roads.

    ", + "

    You can be prosecuted if you use your vehicle on a public road before you complete these steps, unless you\u2019re driving it to a pre-booked MOT or vehicle approval test.

    ", + "

    Commercial importers of new vehicles that use a secure registration scheme do not have to follow these steps.

    ", + "

    Importing a damaged or modified vehicle

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has been damaged or modified in another country, DVLA may:

    ", + "
  • give your vehicle a Q registration number
    • ", + "
  • put a marker on your vehicle log book (V5C) - to show that your vehicle has been altered or assembled using different parts
    • ", + "

    Bringing your vehicle in or out of Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    If you are a UK resident you can move your vehicle freely between Great Britain and Northern Ireland if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s registered in either country
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not moving it to sell it, or for any other commercial purpose (for example, using the car as a taxi or hiring it to someone)
    • ", + "
  • the car is for your own or your household\u2019s personal use
    • ", + "

    Find out what to do if someone else is bringing your vehicle to Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Tell DVLA about the change of address.

    ", + "

    Visiting the UK with a vehicle

    ", + "

    Follow the rules for temporary imports instead if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you do not usually live in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re bringing a vehicle to the UK for less than 6 months
    • ", + "

    Telling HMRC

    ", + "

    You have 14 days to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) after you bring a vehicle into the UK permanently. You cannot register the vehicle until you\u2019ve done this.

    ", + "

    How you tell HMRC will depend on:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re importing it to Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • where you\u2019re importing it from
    • ", + "

    You may be fined if you\u2019re late telling HMRC.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has an engine of 48cc or less (7.2kw or less if it\u2019s electric), you can register it without telling HMRC first.

    ", + "

    If you import a vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales

    ", + "

    How you tell HMRC depends on whether you\u2019re VAT-registered.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a VAT-registered company

    ", + "

    You need to make an import declaration. You can use either the Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF) system or the Customs Declaration Service (CDS) system. You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to do this for you.

    ", + "

    You may be able to delay making an import declaration for 6 months if you import a vehicle from the EU. This is called a delayed declaration.

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC about the imported vehicle by using the NOVA service within 14 days. You can use a spreadsheet if you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual

    ", + "

    You need to make an import declaration using form C384. Send the completed form to HMRC by email.

    ", + "

    Currently you cannot send an import declaration to HMRC by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to make the declaration for you.

    ", + "

    You might qualify for relief from VAT and duty if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • moving to Great Britain (England, Scotland or Wales) (sometimes known as \u2018transfer of residence\u2019 or TOR) - if you qualify, apply for transfer of residence relief
    • ", + "
  • returning an exported vehicle to the UK - if you qualify, declare the vehicle to claim relief
    • ", + "

    Contact the VAT helpline for a form if you\u2019re unable to use online services.

    ", + "

    If you import a vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC by using the Notification of Vehicle Arrivals (NOVA) service.

    ", + "

    You can use a spreadsheet if you\u2019re a VAT-registered business and you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.

    ", + "

    If you import a vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the EU

    ", + "

    How you tell HMRC depends on whether you\u2019re VAT-registered.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a VAT-registered company

    ", + "

    You need to make an import declaration. You can use either the Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF) system or the Customs Declaration Service (CDS) system. You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to do this for you.

    ", + "

    You must then tell HMRC about the imported vehicle by using the NOVA service within 14 days. You can use a spreadsheet if you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual

    ", + "

    You need to make an import declaration using form C384. Send the completed form to HMRC by email.

    ", + "

    Currently you cannot send an import declaration to HMRC by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to make the declaration for you.

    ", + "

    You might qualify for relief from VAT and duty if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • moving to Northern Ireland (sometimes known as \u2018transfer of residence\u2019 or TOR) - if you qualify, apply for transfer of residence relief
    • ", + "
  • returning an exported vehicle to the UK - if you qualify, declare the vehicle to claim relief
    • ", + "

    Contact the VAT helpline for a form if you\u2019re unable to use online services.

    ", + "

    After you tell HMRC

    ", + "

    HMRC will tell you:

    ", + "
  • if you have to pay VAT and duty
    • ", + "
  • when your NOVA application has been processed - you cannot register your vehicle with DVLA until it is
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual, HMRC will make a NOVA application for you.

    ", + "

    Paying VAT and duty

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you if you have to pay VAT or duty after you tell them you imported a vehicle.

    ", + "

    VAT is charged on the total cost of the vehicle, plus any:

    ", + "
  • accessories you bought with it
    • ", + "
  • delivery and extra charges
    • ", + "
  • duty
    • ", + "

    Duty is charged on vehicles imported to:

    ", + "
  • England, Wales and Scotland from outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland from outside the UK or EU
    • ", + "

    HMRC will tell you how much you have to pay.

    ", + "

    The rates you\u2019re charged depend on the type of vehicle and where you imported it from. You can call the helpline to check rates.

    ", + "

    How you pay depends on where you\u2019re importing the vehicle from.

    ", + "

    If you imported the vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales from outside the UK

    ", + "Why you imported it | What and how you pay", + "You\u2019re moving to the UK with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief", + "You\u2019re returning an exported vehicle to the UK | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief", + "You\u2019re visiting the UK or the EU with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if it qualifies as a temporary import", + "Any other reason - if you\u2019re not VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you)", + "Any other reason - if you\u2019re VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) and claim the VAT on your next VAT Return", + "

    You must pay any VAT and duty before you can release the vehicle from customs or register it.

    ", + "

    If you imported the vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU

    ", + "

    VAT is usually only charged on vehicles that are new. A vehicle is new if either:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s been driven less than 6,000km (about 3,728 miles)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s been in use for no more than 6 months
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re VAT registered, you need to account for any VAT you\u2019ve paid on your next VAT return.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not registered for VAT or you\u2019re a private individual, you need to pay HMRC directly before you can register your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Paying HMRC directly

    ", + "

    Use online or telephone banking to pay HMRC by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 00 | 12000903 | HMRC Indirect Miscellaneous", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB20 BARC 2005 1730 3364 91 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Indirect Miscellaneous", + "

    Use your 13-character NOVA notification reference number when you pay. You can find it on the:

    ", + "
  • email HMRC sent you if you used the NOVA service
    • ", + "
  • payment notice HMRC sent you
    • ", + "

    Do not put any spaces between the characters in your reference number.

    ", + "

    Read more about paying VAT on a car you\u2019ve imported.

    ", + "

    Reclaiming VAT

    ", + "

    If you have to declare VAT to HMRC, you can reclaim any VAT you paid in the EU. Send the Certificate of VAT you get from HMRC to the person who sold you the vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you imported the vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the UK and EU

    ", + "Why you imported it | What and how you pay", + "You\u2019re moving to the UK with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief", + "You\u2019re returning an exported vehicle to the UK | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief", + "You\u2019re visiting the UK or the EU with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if it qualifies as a temporary import", + "Any other reason - if you\u2019re not VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you)", + "Any other reason - if you\u2019re VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) and claim the VAT on your next VAT Return", + "

    Getting vehicle approval

    ", + "

    Get vehicle approval to show that your imported vehicle meets environmental and safety regulations. You\u2019ll need proof of approval to register the vehicle.

    ", + "

    You might not need approval for a vehicle that was first registered or manufactured more than 10 years ago - check the exemptions.

    ", + "

    If the vehicle\u2019s not registered in the EU

    ", + "

    To get approval for a vehicle that\u2019s not registered in the EU, apply for either:

    ", + "
  • Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)
    • ", + "
  • Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA) if it\u2019s a 2, 3 or smaller 4-wheeled vehicle
    • ", + "

    If the vehicle\u2019s registered in the EU

    ", + "

    Get a European Certificate of Conformity from the manufacturer to show you have approval for an EU-registered vehicle.

    ", + "

    You also have to get a certificate of Mutual Recognition if it\u2019s a left hand drive vehicle.

    ", + "

    Getting a certificate of Mutual Recognition

    ", + "

    Use the application form for your:

    ", + "
  • motorcycle
    • ", + "
  • car
    • ", + "
  • van or light goods vehicle
    • ", + "
  • motorhome
    • ", + "

    Apply for IVA instead for a lorry or goods vehicle over 3,500kg.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a \u00a3100 fee. Send your application to the address on the form. Attach receipts to prove you\u2019ve made any required alterations, for example fitting a speedometer to display miles per hour.

    ", + "

    Get help with Mutual Recognition

    ", + "

    Contact the Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA) if you\u2019re unsure whether your vehicle qualifies for Mutual Recognition.

    ", + "

    Registering an imported vehicle

    ", + "

    You must register any vehicle you bring into the UK permanently. You cannot register before you do all of the following:

    ", + "
  • tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) you imported the vehicle and get confirmation that your NOVA application is processed
    • ", + "
  • pay VAT and duty if HMRC tells you to
    • ", + "
  • get proof of vehicle approval
    • ", + "

    You also tax the vehicle when you register it with DVLA - there\u2019s a \u00a355 fee.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions for registering a vehicle to fill in your forms and send supporting documents.

    ", + "

    You must also send extra supporting documents for an imported vehicle.

    ", + "

    DVLA might ask to inspect the vehicle.

    ", + "

    Extra supporting documents for imported vehicles

    ", + "

    You must send the following original documents:

    ", + "
  • proof of vehicle approval
    • ", + "
  • form V267 (sometimes called the \u2018declaration of newness\u2019) if you\u2019re registering a new vehicle
    • ", + "
  • evidence showing the date the vehicle was collected, for example the invoice from the supplier
    • ", + "
  • the original foreign registration certificate to show when the vehicle was manufactured (you will not get this back)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the original foreign registration certificate, DVLA might accept other proof of the manufacture date, for example a letter from the manufacturer or a vehicle enthusiast club.

    ", + "

    Do not send photocopies or faxed copies.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) it will take longer than usual for your registration certificate (V5C) to arrive.

    ", + "

    You need the V5C to get number plates made up.

    ", + "

    Temporary imports

    ", + "

    You can usually use a vehicle with foreign number plates without registering or taxing it in the UK if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re visiting and do not plan to live here
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle is registered and taxed in its home country
    • ", + "
  • you only use the vehicle for up to 6 months in total - this can be a single visit, or several shorter visits over 12 months
    • ", + "

    You will need to register your vehicle if you want to move it between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you become a resident or stay for longer than 6 months you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you bring a vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales

    ", + "

    You do not pay VAT or duty on a vehicle if you temporarily import it and all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s for your own private use
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not a UK resident
    • ", + "
  • you do not sell, lend or hire it within the UK
    • ", + "
  • you re-export it from the UK within 6 months - or longer if you\u2019re eligible to use foreign number plates for longer
    • ", + "

    Claim relief by filling in form C110 and taking your vehicle through the \u2018nothing to declare\u2019 channel when you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Using foreign number plates for longer than 6 months

    ", + "

    You might be able to use a vehicle with foreign number plates for longer than 6 months if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you normally live outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in the UK for a set period as a student or worker
    • ", + "
  • you claim relief from VAT and duty
    • ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give you a customs relief form when you claim relief \u2013 show it to police if you\u2019re stopped when driving the vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you stay after your customs relief expires you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you do not qualify for relief

    ", + "

    If HMRC says your vehicle must be registered and taxed in the UK, contact the imports and exports helpline.

    ", + "

    If you bring a vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay VAT or duty if you bring your own vehicle from the EU.

    ", + "

    Call the imports and exports helpline if you have questions about bringing a vehicle from the EU for less than 6 months.

    ", + "

    If you bring a vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the EU

    ", + "

    You do not pay VAT or duty on a vehicle if you temporarily import it and all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s for your own private use
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not a UK resident
    • ", + "
  • you do not sell, lend or hire it within the UK
    • ", + "
  • you re-export it from the UK within 6 months - or longer if you\u2019re eligible to use foreign number plates for longer
    • ", + "

    Claim relief by filling in form C110 and taking your vehicle through the \u2018nothing to declare\u2019 channel when you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Using foreign number plates for longer than 6 months

    ", + "

    You might be able to use a vehicle with foreign number plates for longer than 6 months if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you normally live outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in the UK for a set period as a student or worker
    • ", + "
  • you claim relief from VAT and duty
    • ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give you a customs relief form when you claim relief \u2013 show it to police if you\u2019re stopped when driving the vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you stay after your customs relief expires you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you do not qualify for relief

    ", + "

    If HMRC says your vehicle must be registered and taxed in the UK, contact the imports and exports helpline.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re stopped by the police

    ", + "

    You must show police that you can use the vehicle in the UK without taxing and registering it here, for example proof:

    ", + "
  • of the time you\u2019ve been in the UK (such as a ferry ticket)
    • ", + "
  • that your vehicle\u2019s eligible for relief from VAT and duty (such as a customs relief form)
    • ", + "

    When you need Q number plates

    ", + "

    You must get temporary Q number plates from DVLA if you visit the UK for up to 6 months and either:

    ", + "
  • your number plates display numbers or letters that are not identifiable in the UK, for example Arabic script
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle is not registered in its home country
    • ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you have to get temporary Q number plates.

    ", + "

    Before you get Q number plates

    ", + "

    You must claim relief from VAT and duty before you can get temporary Q number plates.

    ", + "

    To claim relief, fill in form C110 after the car arrives in the UK and send it to the NTAS team to have it stamped.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Vehicle approval", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-approval", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must apply for vehicle approval if you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • built a vehicle
    • ", + "
  • rebuilt a vehicle
    • ", + "
  • radically altered a vehicle
    • ", + "
  • reconstructed a classic vehicle
    • ", + "
  • imported a vehicle
    • ", + "

    Get a vehicle approved

    ", + "

    You can get a single vehicle or small number of vehicles approved through:

    ", + "
  • Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)
    • ", + "
  • Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA) if you\u2019re making or importing a single 2, 3 or smaller 4-wheeled vehicle
    • ", + "
  • Mutual Recognition scheme if you\u2019re importing a vehicle that\u2019s been approved and registered in the EU
    • ", + "

    You can no longer apply for a Pre-Registration Inspection (PRI). You must get your vehicle approved instead.

    ", + "

    Vehicle type approval

    ", + "

    It\u2019s also possible to get approval for a type of vehicle, rather than each individual vehicle.

    ", + "

    Only the vehicle manufacturer or their authorised representative can apply for this.

    ", + "

    From 1 January 2021, manufacturers or their representatives will need to apply for provisional GB type approval to sell or register vehicles in England, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Driving and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you need help with IVA or MSVA.

    ", + "

    Contact the VCA if you need help or information about:

    ", + "
  • provisional approval
    • ", + "
  • European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval (ECWVTA)
    • ", + "
  • European Community Small Series Type Approval (ECSSTA)
    • ", + "
  • Mutual Recognition scheme
    • ", + "

    Exemptions from vehicle approval

    ", + "

    You do not need vehicle approval for:

    ", + "
  • heavy goods vehicles (more than 3,500kg maximum weight) over 25 years old
    • ", + "
  • light goods vehicles (3,500kg maximum weight or less) over 10 years old
    • ", + "
  • cars and minibuses with 8 passenger seats or less (not including the driver) over 10 years old
    • ", + "
  • buses, coaches and minibuses with more than 8 passenger seats (not including the driver) built by a single manufacturer before 29 July 2010
    • ", + "
  • buses, coaches and minibuses with more than 8 passenger seats (not including the driver) with different body and chassis manufacturers, made before 29 July 2011
    • ", + "
  • tracked vehicles, for example a vehicle that runs on tracks rather than wheels
    • ", + "
  • vehicles designed and constructed for use on construction sites, quarries, ports and airports
    • ", + "
  • vehicles designed and constructed for and used by the armed services, fire and rescue forces, or used in maintaining public order
    • ", + "

    If your vehicle needs approval, you must send proof of this in when you apply to register it. The Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) will not register your vehicle if you do not.

    ", + "

    Individual Vehicle Approval

    ", + "

    You can use the Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) scheme if you\u2019re making or importing a single vehicle or a very small number of vehicles in the following categories:

    ", + "
  • passenger cars
    • ", + "
  • goods vehicles
    • ", + "
  • buses and coaches
    • ", + "
  • trailers
    • ", + "
  • special purpose vehicles, such as vehicles specially designed to hold a wheelchair
    • ", + "

    You cannot use the Statutory IVA scheme if your vehicle has been registered before in the UK - you\u2019ll need to use Voluntary IVA instead.

    ", + "

    Vehicle identification number

    ", + "

    Your vehicle needs a vehicle identification number (VIN) before having an IVA inspection. Apply to DVLA if it does not have one.

    ", + "

    Basic and normal IVA

    ", + "

    There are 2 levels of IVA inspection: basic and normal.

    ", + "

    Basic IVA

    ", + "

    Basic IVA involves a visual inspection and other tests to make sure the vehicle meets the necessary standards. You will not normally need to provide any documentary evidence.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you have a passenger car or light goods vehicle in one of these categories:

    ", + "
  • left-hand drive vehicles
    • ", + "
  • personal imports
    • ", + "
  • amateur built vehicles (kit cars)
    • ", + "
  • rebuilt vehicles
    • ", + "
  • very low volume production vehicles
    • ", + "
  • ambulances
    • ", + "
  • motor caravans
    • ", + "
  • hearses
    • ", + "
  • armoured passenger vehicles
    • ", + "
  • a vehicle manufactured using parts of a registered vehicle
    • ", + "

    Read the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA ) guide on the IVA scheme for more on these categories.

    ", + "

    Normal IVA

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to apply for normal IVA if you do not meet the criteria for basic IVA.

    ", + "

    This involves a more detailed inspection. Vehicles have to meet extra standards and you\u2019ll have to provide documentary evidence.

    ", + "

    Modified goods vehicles

    ", + "

    You can use the IVA scheme to get approval for goods vehicles that have been modified.

    ", + "

    Read the DVSA guide on IVA for modified goods vehicles to find out how changes are approved.

    ", + "

    How to show your vehicle meets IVA standards

    ", + "

    There are several ways to prove your vehicle meets IVA standards. Read part 5 of the DVSA guide on the IVA scheme for more details.

    ", + "

    Model reports

    ", + "

    One way of proving your vehicle is compliant is by showing it\u2019s the same specification as another vehicle (a \u2018master vehicle\u2019) that\u2019s been proved compliant. You do this using a model report.

    ", + "

    If a model report has already been produced for your exact model of vehicle, you may be able to use it for a fee. Look for it on the DVSA list of model reports and their owners.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, you\u2019ll need to pay for your own tests to be carried out. These must be done by an authorised provider of \u2018designated technical services\u2019.

    ", + "

    For more information on model reports, see part 11 of the DVSA guide on the IVA scheme.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the IVA application form for your type of vehicle.

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    DVSA should offer you an inspection within 20 working days of receiving your completed application.

    ", + "

    Choosing a test station

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will be inspected at either one of DVSA\u2019s approved test stations or a privately owned test facility. You should say which one you want to use on your application form.

    ", + "

    Cost of the scheme

    ", + "

    You have to pay a fee for DVSA to inspect your vehicle.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Wherever possible, DVSA will inspect your vehicle at the test location you\u2019ve chosen and issue an Individual Approval Certificate (IAC) if it passes. You\u2019ll need this certificate when you register your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Appeal against a refusal

    ", + "

    You can appeal and have a re-examination carried out by an independent inspector if your vehicle does not pass its inspection and you\u2019re not satisfied with the decision.

    ", + "

    You must make your appeal within 14 days of the decision and you\u2019ll have to pay a fee. This will be refunded, either partially or fully, if your appeal is successful.

    ", + "

    You must not modify the vehicle before the appeal inspection.

    ", + "

    You can appeal by downloading and filling in the IVA notice of appeal.

    ", + "

    Read part 8 of the DVSA guide on the IVA scheme for more information about appeals.

    ", + "

    Individual Vehicle Approval manuals

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) published a series of manuals listing all the technical requirements for Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA).

    ", + "

    There are different manuals for different types of vehicle:

    ", + "
  • M1 vehicles - passenger cars
    • ", + "
  • M2 and M3 vehicles - buses and coaches
    • ", + "
  • N1 vehicles - light goods vehicles (up to 3,500kgs)
    • ", + "
  • N2 and N3 vehicles - heavy goods vehicles (over 3,500kgs)
    • ", + "
  • O1, O2, O3 and O4 vehicles - light and heavy trailers
    • ", + "

    Individual Vehicle Approval application forms

    ", + "

    You need an Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) application form to apply for an inspection.

    ", + "

    Find out how to:

    ", + "
  • apply for IVA: cars
    • ", + "
  • apply for IVA: vans and light goods vehicles
    • ", + "
  • apply for IVA: buses or coaches
    • ", + "
  • apply for IVA: lorries and goods vehicles
    • ", + "
  • apply for IVA: trailers
    • ", + "
  • prove that a bus or coach does not need a new tilt test
    • ", + "
  • apply for a vehicle approval test at a non-DVSA site
    • ", + "

    All passenger vehicles

    ", + "

    Download the form for seat belt anchorage compliance.

    ", + "

    Amateur built vehicles

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is amateur built (for example a kit car), you must send an amateur built declaration along with your IVA application.

    ", + "

    Voluntary approval

    ", + "

    Voluntary Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) is similar to Statutory IVA but:

    ", + "
  • you can use it if your vehicle has already been registered in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you will not have the same rights as with Statutory IVA
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to choose whether to use the basic or normal level of Voluntary IVA.

    ", + "

    If you drive a taxi, your licensing authority will tell you what level you need to apply for.

    ", + "

    Use Statutory IVA instead if your vehicle:

    ", + "
  • has not been registered in the UK before
    • ", + "
  • has been registered in the UK, but has been modified significantly since then
    • ", + "

    Cost of the schemes

    ", + "

    You have to pay a fee for Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to inspect your vehicle.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the IVA application form for your type of vehicle.

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    DVSA will carry out an inspection of the vehicle. If it passes, you\u2019ll get a \u2018Confirmation of Compliance\u2019 notification (not an approval certificate).

    ", + "

    Find out more

    ", + "

    Read the DVSA guide on the IVA scheme.

    ", + "

    Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval

    ", + "

    Your motorcycle, 3-wheeled or light 4-wheeled vehicle must have a provisional GB type approval in England, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle does not have a provisional GB type approval you must use the Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA) scheme to approve your vehicle.

    ", + "

    You must also use the MSVA scheme if your vehicle has been radically altered or built using a mixture of parts from previously registered vehicles. For example:

    ", + "
  • amateur built vehicles
    • ", + "
  • rebuilt vehicles
    • ", + "
  • vehicles converted to a different wheelplan
    • ", + "

    Eligibility for MSVA

    ", + "

    You can use the MSVA scheme for vehicles that:

    ", + "
  • are under 10 years old
    • ", + "
  • have not been registered before in the UK
    • ", + "
  • do not have ECWVTA or provisional UK vehicle type approval
    • ", + "

    The following types of vehicle are eligible:

    ", + "
  • 2-wheeled mopeds
    • ", + "
  • 3-wheeled mopeds
    • ", + "
  • light quadricycles
    • ", + "
  • solo motorcycles
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle combinations
    • ", + "
  • motor tricycles
    • ", + "
  • heavy quadricycles
    • ", + "

    These vehicle types are defined in the foreword of the MSVA inspection manual.

    ", + "

    Partial MSVA

    ", + "

    If you have a Certificate of Conformity (CoC), it will say which side of the road and which speedometer units your vehicle is equipped for.

    ", + "

    You must modify your vehicle if it is not equipped for use in Great Britain. It will then need a Partial MSVA to check the following items:

    ", + "
  • headlamp dipped beam pattern - this checks the headlamp is suitable for driving on the left
    • ", + "
  • speedometer - the speed must be shown in miles per hour (mph) or dual mph and kilometres per hour
    • ", + "
  • mirror location - on mopeds fitted with a single mirror, the mirror must be fitted to offside (right) of the vehicle
    • ", + "

    Read more in Partial MSVA frequently asked questions.

    ", + "

    Vehicle identification number

    ", + "

    Your vehicle needs a vehicle identification number before having an MSVA inspection. Write to the following address if it does not have one.

    ", + "

    Cost of the scheme

    ", + "

    You have to pay a fee for DVSA to inspect your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Choose a test station

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will be inspected by DVSA at one of its approved test stations. You can choose which one as long as it inspects the category of vehicle you want to be tested.

    ", + "Category | Description", + "B | 2-wheeled vehicles", + "T | 3-wheeled vehicles", + "Q | 4-wheeled vehicles", + "Station | Address | Categories", + "Aberdeen | Cloverhill Road, Bridge of Don Industrial Estate, Aberdeen, AB23 8FE | B, T, Q", + "Beverley | Oldbeck Road, Off Grovehill Road, Beverley, East Yorkshire, HU17 0JW | B, T, Q", + "Bristol | Merebank Road, Avonmouth, Bristol, BS11 8AQ | B, T, Q", + "Cardiff (Llantrisant) | School Road, Miskin, Pontyclun, Mid Glamorgan, CF72 8YR | B, T, Q", + "Chelmsford | Widford Industrial Estate, Chelmsford, CM1 3DR | B, Q", + "Derby | Belmore Way, Alvaston, Derby, DE21 7AY | B, T, Q", + "Edinburgh (Livingston) | Grange Road, Houston Industrial Estate, Livingston, Edinburgh, West Lothian, EH54 5DE | B, T, Q", + "Exeter | Grace Road West, Marsh Barton Trading Estate, Exeter, Devon, EX2 8PU | B, T, Q", + "Gillingham | Ambley Road, Gillingham, ME8 0SJ | B, T, Q", + "Kidderminster | Worcester Road, Kidderminster, DY11 7RD | B, T, Q", + "Leighton Buzzard | Stanbridge Road, Leighton Buzzard, Bedfordshire, LU7 4QG | B, T, Q", + "London West (Yeading) | Cygnet Way, Willow Tree Lane, Yeading, Hayes, Middlesex, UB4 9BS | T, Q", + "Manchester (Chadderton) | Broadway Business Park, Broadgate, Manchester (Chadderton), Oldham, OL9 9XA | B, T, Q", + "Newcastle-upon-Tyne | Sandy Lane, Gosforth, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE3 5HB | B, T, Q", + "Norwich | Jupiter Road, Hellesden, Norwich, NR6 6SS | B, T, Q", + "Southampton (Northam) | Unit R Centurion Industrial Estate, Bitterne Road West, Southampton, SO18 1UB | B, T, Q", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the:

    ", + "
  • MSVA application form
    • ", + "
  • Partial MSVA application form
    • ", + "

    Follow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    DVSA will inspect your vehicle at the test station you\u2019ve chosen and issue a Minister\u2019s Approval Certificate (MAC) if it passes. You\u2019ll need this certificate when you register your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can appeal for a re-test if your vehicle fails MSVA. You must appeal within 14 days of the original decision by completing form MSVA17 and returning it to the station used for the original test.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay the test fee again, which will be refunded if the appeal is successful. Contact DVSA to find out how to do this.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    Read the MSVA inspection manual.

    ", + "

    Certificate of Initial Fitness

    ", + "

    Who can use the scheme

    ", + "

    If you use a vehicle with more than 8 passenger seats to transport people for profit, also known as a Public Service Vehicle (PSV), it must have been approved or have a Certificate of Initial Fitness (COIF) to register it.

    ", + "

    What vehicles need a COIF

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a COIF for your vehicle if it has more than 8 passenger seats, will be used for profit and either:

    ", + "
  • is not registered in the UK and was built before the type approval scheme was introduced
    • ", + "
  • is registered in the UK but does not have a type approval as a passenger vehicle with more than 8 passenger seats
    • ", + "

    The start dates for this scheme vary depending on the type of vehicle. See page 10 of the Individual Vehicle Approval scheme guide for details.

    ", + "

    How to apply for a COIF

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the COIF application form.

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    Cost of the scheme

    ", + "

    You have to pay a fee for the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to inspect your vehicle.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve submitted your application, DVSA will contact you to arrange for your PSV\u2019s COIF examination to be carried out at a DVSA-approved test station.

    ", + "

    Notifiable Alterations

    ", + "

    You must send details to DVSA of any alterations or modifications you make to your PSV.

    ", + "

    Send your completed application to the address on the form along with any relevant documents.

    ", + "

    You do not need to notify DVSA of like-for-like replacement parts.

    ", + "

    Accessibility Certificate Test

    ", + "

    Some buses and coaches must have accessibility features for wheelchair users, like boarding lifts and ramps, wheelchair spaces and wheelchair restraints.

    ", + "

    This affects buses and coaches, which:

    ", + "
  • are authorised to carry more than 22 passengers
    • ", + "
  • carry passengers at separate fares on local or scheduled services
    • ", + "
  • were first used on or after 31 December 2000
    • ", + "

    Manufacturers of buses and coaches usually apply for these Accessibility Certificates at the same time as the Certificate of Initial Fitness (COIF) when the vehicles are first built.

    ", + "

    How to apply for an Accessibility Certificate

    ", + "

    If you already have a COIF you can apply for an Accessibility Certificate separately.

    ", + "

    You can also apply for an Accessibility Certificate yourself if you convert a vehicle to be used as a bus or coach.

    ", + "

    Accessibility Certificates last the lifetime of the vehicle as long as you do not make any further alterations to it. Once you have an Accessibility Certificate, accessibility is then checked as part of the vehicle\u2019s annual test.

    ", + "

    Fill in the PSV accessibility certificate application form.

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    Fees for the Accessibility Certificate test

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to check both wheelchair accessibility and general accessibility. Each of these sets of regulations is called a schedule.

    ", + "Test type | Fee", + "1 schedule | \u00a351", + "Retest for 1 schedule | \u00a317", + "2 schedules | \u00a3104", + "Retest for 2 schedules | \u00a336", + "Duplicate certificate | \u00a313", + "

    Type approval

    ", + "

    Alternatively, vehicle manufacturers can apply for type approval, which means an Accessibility Certificate is not needed.

    ", + "

    Print off and fill in form PSVA6 to apply for type approval.

    ", + "

    When an operator gets a vehicle that\u2019s been type approved they\u2019ll get a Declaration of Conformity from the manufacturer.

    ", + "

    Operators then need to send this to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get a Certification of Conformity.

    ", + "

    Fees for type approval are included on the IVA inspection fees document.

    ", + "

    Inspection fees

    ", + "

    You have to pay a fee for the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to inspect your vehicle.

    ", + "

    The cost depends on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re using the standard or voluntary version of the scheme
    • ", + "
  • the type of inspection (basic or normal)
    • ", + "
  • the category of vehicle
    • ", + "
  • the class of vehicle
    • ", + "

    To find out which category and class your vehicle is in, see annexes 1 and 2 of the DVSA guide to the IVA scheme.

    ", + "

    Where to find inspection fees

    ", + "

    The DVSA list of inspection fees includes the fees for:

    ", + "
  • Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)
    • ", + "
  • Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA)
    • ", + "
  • Certificate of Initial Fitness (COIF)
    • ", + "

    Replacement approval certificate

    ", + "

    You can apply for a replacement approval certificate. Submit your application using the apply for an Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) service.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Vehicle registration", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You have to register a car or any other vehicle as soon as you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • bought it
    • ", + "
  • built it
    • ", + "
  • rebuilt or altered it
    • ", + "
  • imported it
    • ", + "

    You do this by filling in forms and sending them to DVLA. The forms you have to send depend on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    DVLA may need to inspect your vehicle to:

    ", + "
  • make sure the vehicle exists, has been assembled into a complete vehicle and the log book (V5C) is in your name
    • ", + "
  • update their records because of changes you\u2019ve made to the vehicle
    • ", + "

    They will send you a letter if they need to do this. You will not have to pay a fee.

    ", + "

    Use the different registration schemes for the motor trade if you\u2019re a vehicle manufacturer, importer or VAT-registered trader.

    ", + "

    New and used vehicles

    ", + "

    New vehicles

    ", + "

    The dealer will usually register a brand new vehicle for you. If they do, you\u2019ll get a V5C registration certificate (log book). It will take longer than usual to get this because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If the dealer will not do it, you can register the vehicle yourself.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is a new heavy goods vehicle (HGV), you also need to record the details of your HGV with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).

    ", + "

    Used vehicles

    ", + "

    You need to tax a used vehicle before you can use it on the road.

    ", + "

    The way a used vehicle is registered to you depends on whether it has a V5C registration certificate (log book).

    ", + "

    Vehicle has a registration certificate (V5C)

    ", + "

    The seller can register the vehicle to you online or by post.

    ", + "

    The seller must follow a different process if you\u2019re buying a vehicle to take abroad including the Channel Islands (Jersey and Guernsey), Isle of Man or Ireland. They must give you the full log book (V5C) and not send it to DVLA.

    ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    The seller will need to:

    ", + "
  • register the vehicle to you online
    • ", + "
  • fill in the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip and give it to you
    • ", + "
  • destroy the V5C
    • ", + "

    DVLA will update the vehicle record immediately and they will aim to send out a new V5C to you within 3 to 5 days.

    ", + "

    Register by post

    ", + "

    If you cannot register the vehicle online, you can register it by post. The seller will need to:

    ", + "
  • complete section 2 if they have a new style log book (with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover) or section 6 if they have the older style log book
    • ", + "
  • sign the declaration in section 8 if they have the older style log book (you must sign the declaration too)
    • ", + "
  • fill in the new keeper slip and give it to you
    • ", + "
  • send the V5C to DVLA
    • ", + "

    DVLA aims to send out a new V5C to you as soon as possible, usually 4 weeks after getting the old V5C from the seller. This may take longer because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    If you do not get it within 4 weeks:

    ", + "
  • complete form V62 - \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019
    • ", + "
  • send it to DVLA with the new keeper slip given to you by the seller - if you do not send in the new keeper slip, you\u2019ll have to pay a fee
    • ", + "

    Download form V62 or get it from any Post Office branch.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you do not receive anything 6 weeks after sending in form V62.

    ", + "

    Vehicle does not have a registration certificate

    ", + "

    DVLA advises that you should not buy a vehicle that does not have a registration certificate (V5C).

    ", + "

    Register the vehicle in your name by using form V62 \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019. You\u2019ll have to pay a fee. See the section above for how to get form V62.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you do not receive anything 6 weeks after sending in form V62.

    ", + "

    Checking your new registration certificate

    ", + "

    When you receive your registration certificate, it\u2019s your responsibility to check all the details are correct. If anything is incorrect, make the changes on the certificate and send it back to DVLA.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the replacement certificate within 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    New registrations

    ", + "

    Your vehicle may not have been registered before with DVLA if it\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • brand new
    • ", + "
  • a kit car
    • ", + "
  • imported
    • ", + "
  • been rebuilt or radically altered
    • ", + "
  • an old or classic vehicle
    • ", + "

    If you buy a brand new vehicle, the dealer will usually arrange for it to be registered. Otherwise, you need to follow the process below.

    ", + "

    Making an application

    ", + "

    Fill in form V55/4 or V55/5

    ", + "

    For any type of newly registered vehicle, you must fill in either a:

    ", + "
  • V55/4 form to register a new vehicle, including new imported vehicles and newly-built (kit) cars
    • ", + "
  • V55/5 form to register a used vehicle, including rebuilt vehicles, used imported vehicles and older vehicles that have never been registered
    • ", + "

    Provide copies of identity documents

    ", + "

    Send in a photocopy of your photocard driving licence with your application form to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    If you cannot do this, you must send in photocopies of one document that proves your name and another document that proves your address.

    ", + "

    Documents you can use to confirm your name include:

    ", + "
  • passport
    • ", + "
  • marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • decree nisi or absolute
    • ", + "
  • birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • current UK paper driving licence (not a paper counterpart)
    • ", + "

    Documents you can use to confirm your address include:

    ", + "
  • recent utility bill (within the last 3 months) - for example gas, electricity, water, landline
    • ", + "
  • recent bank or building society statement (within the last 3 months)
    • ", + "
  • medical card
    • ", + "
  • council tax bill for current year
    • ", + "

    You can fill in form V959 - \u2018Notification of name and address check\u2019 instead of these documents to prove your identity if you\u2019re a current DVLA trade plate holder.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents needed for all vehicles

    ", + "

    As well as documents to prove your identity, you must also send:

    ", + "
  • payment for the vehicle tax
    • ", + "
  • the new registration fee of \u00a355, if you have to pay it
    • ", + "
  • a current MOT certificate, if the vehicle is over 3 years old (over 4 years old in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of newness (or declaration of newness for imported vehicles), if the vehicle is new
    • ", + "
  • proof of vehicle approval if the vehicle is under 10 years old (unless it\u2019s exempt from vehicle approval)
    • ", + "
  • any documents you have relating to the vehicle, for example build plans if it\u2019s a kit car
    • ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (if you\u2019re registering the vehicle to an address in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    Supporting documents needed for some vehicles

    ", + "

    You may have to send extra forms and documents if your vehicle is:

    ", + "
  • imported
    • ", + "
  • kit-built, rebuilt, kit-converted or radically altered
    • ", + "
  • an old vehicle
    • ", + "
  • a reconstructed classic vehicle
    • ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    DVLA might need to inspect your vehicle. If your application is approved, DVLA will send you a V5C registration certificate (sometimes called a log book).

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) it\u2019s taking longer than usual to get a new registration certificate.

    ", + "

    Your V5C shows:

    ", + "
  • the vehicle\u2019s registration number
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle keeper\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • other information about the vehicle (the make, vehicle identification number (VIN) and number of previous keepers)
    • ", + "

    DVLA will also return your identity documents.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a prepaid self-addressed, special delivery envelope if you want the documents returned by special delivery.

    ", + "

    DVLA cannot guarantee the return of the documents by a specific date.

    ", + "

    New registrations fee

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a fee of \u00a355 if you\u2019re registering and taxing a vehicle for the first time with DVLA.

    ", + "

    You can pay by cheque or postal order. You cannot send cash. Damaged or altered cheques will not be accepted.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay for some vehicles, including:

    ", + "
  • those first registered and licensed in the disabled exempt taxation class
    • ", + "
  • historic vehicles previously registered with the old local authorities (late conversions)
    • ", + "
  • vehicles previously registered in the United Kingdom
    • ", + "
  • imported vehicles previously registered under the personal export scheme and new means of transport scheme
    • ", + "
  • visiting forces vehicles
    • ", + "
  • vehicles registered under the direct export scheme
    • ", + "
  • vehicles registered for off-road use only
    • ", + "
  • crown exempt vehicles
    • ", + "

    Rebuilt vehicles

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    You must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.

    ", + "

    You must include the following with your application:

    ", + "
  • form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019
    • ", + "
  • evidence of type approval, if necessary
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle registration certificate for the original vehicle
    • ", + "
  • official receipts for any parts used
    • ", + "
  • photographs of the vehicle
    • ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.

    ", + "

    Send your application to:

    ", + "

    Vehicle type approval

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to get type approval if your vehicle does not qualify to keep its original registration number.

    ", + "

    Keep a vehicle\u2019s original registration number

    ", + "

    A rebuilt vehicle can keep its original registration number if you can prove you\u2019ve used:

    ", + "
  • the original unmodified chassis or bodyshell (car or light van)
    • ", + "
  • a new chassis or monocoque bodyshell of the same specification as the original (car or light van)
    • ", + "
  • the original unmodified frame (motorbike)
    • ", + "
  • a new frame of the same specification as the original (motorbike)
    • ", + "

    You must also have 2 other major components from the original vehicle from the following lists.

    ", + "

    For cars or light vans:

    ", + "
  • suspension (front and back)
    • ", + "
  • steering assembly
    • ", + "
  • axles (both)
    • ", + "
  • transmission
    • ", + "
  • engine
    • ", + "

    For motorbikes:

    ", + "
  • forks
    • ", + "
  • wheels
    • ", + "
  • engine
    • ", + "
  • gear box
    • ", + "

    Get a Q registration number

    ", + "

    DVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number if you do not meet the conditions for keeping the original registration number.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a Q registration number.

    ", + "

    Vehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.

    ", + "

    Kit-built vehicles

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.

    ", + "

    A kit-built vehicle is one where all the parts are supplied new by the manufacturer.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    You must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.

    ", + "

    You must include the following with your application:

    ", + "
  • form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019
    • ", + "
  • evidence of type approval \u2013 see \u2018Vehicle type approval\u2019 below
    • ", + "
  • official receipts for the vehicle and any parts used
    • ", + "
  • build plans
    • ", + "
  • evidence that any \u2018reconditioned\u2019 part is to an \u2018as new\u2019 standard
    • ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.

    ", + "

    Send your application to:

    ", + "

    Vehicle type approval

    ", + "

    All kit-built vehicles have to get type approval.

    ", + "

    Get a current registration number

    ", + "

    You can register a kit-built car, motorcycle or tricycle with a current registration number if you can prove it\u2019s all made from new parts supplied by the manufacturer.

    ", + "

    You can also get a current registration number for a kit-built car, motorbike or tricycle built with one reconditioned part if:

    ", + "
  • you can show that the part has been reconditioned to an \u2018as new\u2019 standard, in line with the manufacturer\u2019s guidelines
    • ", + "
  • the part is not the chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame
    • ", + "

    Get a Q registration number

    ", + "

    DVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number if you do not meet the conditions for getting a current registration number.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a Q registration number.

    ", + "

    Kit-converted vehicles

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.

    ", + "

    A kit-converted vehicle has had:

    ", + "
  • a kit of new parts added to an existing vehicle, or
    • ", + "
  • old parts added to a new kit
    • ", + "

    The general appearance of the vehicle will change because of the kit.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    You must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include the following with your application:

    ", + "
  • form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle registration certificate for the original vehicle
    • ", + "
  • evidence of type approval, if necessary \u2013 see \u2018Vehicle type approval\u2019 below
    • ", + "
  • official receipts for any parts used
    • ", + "
  • build plans
    • ", + "
  • photographs of the vehicle
    • ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.

    ", + "

    Send your application to:

    ", + "

    Keep a vehicle\u2019s original registration number

    ", + "

    You can apply to keep a kit converted vehicle\u2019s original registration number if you can prove you\u2019ve used 2 original major parts along with the original unmodified:

    ", + "
  • chassis (car or light van)
    • ", + "
  • monocoque bodyshell (car or light van)
    • ", + "
  • frame (motorbike)
    • ", + "

    Get an age-related registration number

    ", + "

    You can apply for an age-related number if you can prove you\u2019ve used 2 original major parts along with:

    ", + "
  • a new monocoque bodyshell, chassis or frame from a specialist kit manufacturer
    • ", + "
  • an altered chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame from the original vehicle
    • ", + "

    The registration number will be based on the age of the original vehicle.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get an age-related registration number.

    ", + "

    Get a Q registration number

    ", + "

    DVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number if you do not meet the conditions for getting an original or age-related registration number.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a Q registration number.

    ", + "

    Vehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.

    ", + "

    Radically altered vehicles

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must comply with the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.

    ", + "

    Radically altered vehicles are vehicles that have been altered from their original specification, but are not kit conversions.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    You must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include the following with your application:

    ", + "
  • form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019
    • ", + "
  • evidence of type approval, if necessary
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle registration certificate
    • ", + "
  • official receipts for any parts used
    • ", + "
  • photographs of the vehicle
    • ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.

    ", + "

    Send your application to:

    ", + "

    Get a vehicle registration number

    ", + "

    DVLA uses a points system to decide what registration number to give a radically altered vehicle.

    ", + "

    Keep the original registration number

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must have 8 or more points from the table below if you want to keep the original registration number. 5 of these points must come from having the original or new and unmodified chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame.

    ", + "Part | Points", + "Chassis, monocoque bodyshell (body and chassis as one unit) or frame - original or new and unmodified (direct from manufacturer) | 5", + "Suspension (front and back) - original | 2", + "Axles (both) - original | 2", + "Transmission - original | 2", + "Steering assembly - original | 2", + "Engine - original | 1", + "

    Get a \u2018Q\u2019 registration number

    ", + "

    You will not be able to keep your vehicle\u2019s original registration number if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • it has fewer than 8 points
    • ", + "
  • it has a second-hand or altered chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s evidence that 2 vehicles have been welded together to form one (ie \u2018cut and shut\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Your vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number.

    ", + "

    Vehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.

    ", + "

    Old vehicles

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.

    ", + "

    If you have a classic vehicle that has not been taxed since 1983, it might not be registered with DVLA.

    ", + "

    If this is the case and you want to register it, follow all the instructions for registering a vehicle for the first time.

    ", + "

    Get your vehicle\u2019s original registration number

    ", + "

    You may be able to register an old vehicle under its original registration number if either:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s never been registered at DVLA
    • ", + "
  • it has an age-related registration number
    • ", + "

    To do this, you\u2019ll have to:

    ", + "
  • follow the instructions for new registrations
    • ", + "
  • fill in form V765 - \u2018Application to register a vehicle under its original registration number\u2019
    • ", + "
  • get form V765 endorsed by a vehicle owners\u2019 club
    • ", + "
  • provide a recent photo of the vehicle and documentary evidence that links it to the original number, for example the original log book
    • ", + "

    Send the forms to \u2018K and R\u2019 at DVLA.

    ", + "

    K and R\nDVLA\nSA99 1ZZ

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    DVLA will issue a V5C registration certificate and give you either:

    ", + "
  • the original registration number - if this happens, you will not be allowed to transfer it or put it onto retention at a later date
    • ", + "
  • another number appropriate to the age of the vehicle - if this is a non-suffix or prefix number, it will also be non-transferable
    • ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Send a completed V62 form and the RF60 form if you want to register a historic vehicle in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    DVLA will register the vehicle and issue a new V5C to the registered keeper. You should receive this within 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    Reconstructed classic vehicles

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must comply with the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    You must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.

    ", + "

    You must include the following with your application:

    ", + "
  • written report from the appropriate vehicle owners\u2019 club
    • ", + "
  • form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019
    • ", + "
  • evidence of type approval, if necessary
    • ", + "
  • official receipts for any parts used
    • ", + "

    Get an age-related registration number

    ", + "

    DVLA can only recognise your vehicle as a reconstructed classic vehicle if it meets certain criteria. It must be:

    ", + "
  • built from genuine period components from more than one vehicle, all over 25 years old and of the same specification as the original vehicle
    • ", + "
  • a true reflection of the marque
    • ", + "

    The appropriate vehicle owners\u2019 club for the vehicle type (\u2018marque\u2019) must inspect the vehicle and confirm in writing that it:

    ", + "
  • has been inspected
    • ", + "
  • is a true reflection of the marque
    • ", + "
  • is comprised of genuine period components all over 25 years old
    • ", + "

    They must also give manufacture dates for the major components.

    ", + "

    DVLA will assign an age-related registration number to the vehicle based on the youngest component used.

    ", + "

    New or replica parts

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will not get an age-related registration number if it includes new or replica parts. DVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number. Your vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number.

    ", + "

    Vehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.

    ", + "

    Vehicle identification number

    ", + "

    All vehicles registered in the UK must have a unique, stamped-in vehicle identification number (VIN) and registration number.

    ", + "

    Find your VIN

    ", + "

    The VIN is usually stamped into the chassis of the vehicle. It may be lost if you rebuild or modify your vehicle.

    ", + "

    When you may need a new VIN or registration

    ", + "

    If you have a kit car, rebuild, or radically altered vehicle, DVLA will usually have to assess it.

    ", + "

    You may be able to keep its original registration number if you can prove the vehicle\u2019s original VIN. If you cannot, you\u2019ll have to apply for a replacement identity number.

    ", + "

    DVLA will give you an authorisation letter to get the vehicle stamped with the new VIN if your vehicle passes its assessment.

    ", + "

    You then need to register the vehicle - you can only do this when DVLA receives confirmation it\u2019s been stamped with the correct VIN.

    ", + "

    'Q' registration numbers

    ", + "

    DVLA issues \u2018Q\u2019 registration numbers to vehicles whose age or identity is in doubt.

    ", + "

    If this happens, any original vehicle registration number will become invalid and you must not display it again.

    ", + "

    To get a \u2018Q\u2019 registration number, your vehicle has to pass a type approval process.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Drivers' hours", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drivers-hours", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you drive a goods vehicle or a passenger-carrying vehicle you must follow the rules on how many hours you can drive and the breaks that you need to take.

    ", + "

    There are 3 sets of rules that could apply to your journey:

    ", + "
  • EU rules
    • ", + "
  • AETR rules
    • ", + "
  • GB domestic rules
    • ", + "

    The rules that apply depend on:

    ", + "
  • the type of vehicle you\u2019re driving
    • ", + "
  • which country you\u2019re driving in
    • ", + "

    If you drive under the EU or GB domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules, you also need to follow the working time rules.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employer of drivers or mobile workers there are more rules you must follow.

    ", + "

    There are different drivers\u2019 hours rules in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you do not follow the rules

    ", + "

    If you break the drivers\u2019 hours rules, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) can give you:

    ", + "
  • a verbal warning, for minor offences made by accident or because of inexperience
    • ", + "
  • an offence rectification notice, for offences which are not a risk to road safety - you\u2019ll have 21 days to fix the issue
    • ", + "
  • a prohibition notice, for serious or dangerous offences - you must stop a dangerous activity or start following the regulations
    • ", + "
  • a fine or points on your licence (a \u2018fixed penalty\u2019) \u2013 the amount depends on how serious the offence is
    • ", + "

    You can be prosecuted for very serious or multiple offences.

    ", + "

    DVSA can give you further penalties (such as an improvement or prohibition notice) if you also break the working time rules.

    ", + "

    You can ask for an emergency exemption from the rules. Read the guidance on emergency exemption and temporary relaxation of drivers\u2019 hours and working time rules.

    ", + "

    Drivers\u2019 hours checklists

    ", + "

    You can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 checklists, which cover the basic rules:

    ", + "
  • Staying legal - the basics (HGV drivers)
    • ", + "
  • Staying legal - the basics (PSV drivers)
    • ", + "

    Rules for employers

    ", + "

    If you employ drivers or other mobile workers, you must:

    ", + "
  • keep drivers\u2019 hours records for at least one year
    • ", + "
  • make sure they are properly trained and understand the rules
    • ", + "
  • organise their time so that they can follow the rules
    • ", + "
  • check your drivers\u2019 hours records and data
    • ", + "
  • monitor your workers\u2019 working time
    • ", + "

    Mobile workers are:

    ", + "
  • drivers - including employed drivers, own-account drivers and agency drivers
    • ", + "
  • members of the vehicle crew, for example a second driver on a coach
    • ", + "
  • anyone else who is part of the travelling staff, for example a bus conductor, a drayman or a security guard aboard a vehicle carrying high-value goods
    • ", + "

    Goods vehicles

    ", + "

    The rules that apply to goods vehicles depend on the weight of your vehicle, the country you\u2019re driving in and what you\u2019re using the vehicle for.

    ", + "

    EU rules

    ", + "

    EU rules apply if the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is more than 3.5 tonnes and you\u2019re driving in any of the following:

    ", + "
  • the EU (including the UK)
    • ", + "
  • an European Economic Area (EEA) country
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "

    Some vehicles are exempt from EU rules when driven in the UK.

    ", + "

    AETR rules

    ", + "

    AETR (European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews Engaged in International Road Transport) rules apply if your vehicle will pass through an AETR country.

    ", + "

    GB domestic rules

    ", + "

    GB domestic rules apply if both the following are true:

    ", + "
  • the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is under 3.5 tonnes
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle is exempt from EU rules when driven in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ll be driving through a country outside of the UK, EU, EEA or Switzerland, you should contact the UK embassy of the country to check on local rules.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    Read Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.

    ", + "

    Read the rules for drivers\u2019 hours in the recovery vehicle industry.

    ", + "

    You can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 leaflet, which includes checklists covering the basic rules.

    ", + "

    There are specific rules for tachographs and horse boxes or trailers.

    ", + "

    Passenger-carrying vehicles

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re driving a vehicle that carries passengers the rules that apply to you depend on:

    ", + "
  • the number of passenger seats
    • ", + "
  • how far you\u2019re driving (the distance of your route)
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re driving to or from another country
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re driving on a regular or a non-regular service
    • ", + "

    A regular service follows a specified route, with stopping points for passengers to get on or off.

    ", + "

    Public service vehicles (PSV)

    ", + "

    A public service vehicle is a vehicle that\u2019s used to carry passengers for hire or payment.

    ", + "Type of operation | 8 or fewer passenger seats | 9 to 12 passenger seats | 13 to 16 passenger seats | 17 or more passenger seats", + "Regular service on route not exceeding 50km | GB domestic rules | GB domestic rules | GB Domestic rules | GB Domestic rules", + "National or international regular service on route exceeding 50km | The local rules of the countries you drive in (GB domestic rules in the UK) | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules", + "National or international non-regular service for example commercial excursions, tours or private hire | The local rules of the countries you drive in (GB domestic rules in the UK) | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules", + "

    Other passenger-carrying vehicles

    ", + "

    You do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules if you drive a police, fire service or armed forces vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you drive for a different public authority or for a business, and your vehicle is a non-PSV with:

    ", + "
  • up to 8 passenger seats - you do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules
    • ", + "
  • 9 or more passenger seats - you must follow the EU rules (unless your vehicle is exempt from EU law)
    • ", + "

    If you drive a \u2018non-commercial\u2019 vehicle

    ", + "

    You drive a non-commercial vehicle if:

    ", + "
  • passengers are not charged to use the vehicle
    • ", + "
  • you and any other workers are not paid to operate or work in the vehicle
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle is not used professionally or commercially
    • ", + "

    If your vehicle has up to 8 passenger seats, you do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has 9 or more passenger seats, you usually need to follow the EU rules. You need to follow GB rules instead if your vehicle has between 10 and 17 passenger seats and is only used for non-commercial journeys.

    ", + "

    If you use your vehicle outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you drive between the UK and another country and your vehicle has:

    ", + "
  • up to 8 passenger seats - you must follow the local rules for the country you\u2019re driving in
    • ", + "
  • 9 or more passenger seats - you must follow the EU or the European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport (AETR) rules
    • ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    Read Passenger vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.

    ", + "

    You can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 leaflet, which includes checklists covering the basic rules.

    ", + "

    Exemptions from EU law

    ", + "

    Some types of vehicle are exempt from EU rules. This means they come under GB domestic rules in the UK.

    ", + "

    The main types of exempt vehicle are:

    ", + "
  • vehicles that cannot go faster than 40 kilometres per hour, including vehicles that are restricted by a set speed limiter
    • ", + "
  • emergency aid vehicles - vehicles used in the non-commercial transport of humanitarian aid for use in emergencies or rescue operations
    • ", + "
  • breakdown vehicles - specialised breakdown vehicles working within a 100km of their base
    • ", + "
  • vehicles undergoing road tests for technical development, repair or maintenance purposes, and new or rebuilt vehicles which have not yet been put into service
    • ", + "
  • vehicles manufactured more than 25 years ago
    • ", + "
  • vehicles used by agricultural, horticultural, forestry, farming or fishery businesses for carrying goods within 100km of where the business is based
    • ", + "
  • vehicles that are used to carry live animals between a farm and a market, or from a market to a slaughterhouse where the distance is less than 100km
    • ", + "
  • vehicles that are used to carry animal waste or carcasses that are not intended for human consumption
    • ", + "
  • educational vehicles, for example play buses and mobile libraries
    • ", + "
  • vehicles or combinations of vehicles with a maximum permissible weight of 7.5 tonnes or less that are used for carrying work equipment for the driver where the distance is less than 100km
    • ", + "
  • vehicles driven only on islands whose area does not exceed 2,300 square kilometres
    • ", + "
  • vehicles with a maximum weight of 7.5 tonnes which use natural or liquefied gas or electricity as fuel and carry goods within 50km from their base
    • ", + "
  • driving instruction or exams - vehicles used for driving instruction and examination. Includes instruction for renewal of Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC)
    • ", + "
  • circus vehicles - specialised vehicles transporting circus and funfair equipment
    • ", + "
  • milk collection - vehicles used for collecting milk from farms or returning milk containers or milk products for animal feed to farms
    • ", + "
  • any vehicle that is propelled by steam
    • ", + "

    Read the full list of exempt vehicles.

    ", + "

    EU rules

    ", + "

    Driving hours

    ", + "

    The main EU rules on driving hours are that you must not drive more than:

    ", + "
  • 9 hours in a day - this can be extended to 10 hours twice a week
    • ", + "
  • 56 hours in a week
    • ", + "
  • 90 hours in any 2 consecutive weeks
    • ", + "

    All driving you do under EU rules must be recorded on a tachograph.

    ", + "

    Breaks and rest

    ", + "

    The main points of EU rules on breaks and rest are that you must take:

    ", + "
  • at least 11 hours rest every day - you can reduce this to 9 hours rest 3 times between any 2 weekly rest periods
    • ", + "
  • an unbroken rest period of 45 hours every week - you can reduce this to 24 hours every other week
    • ", + "
  • a break or breaks totalling at least 45 minutes after no more than 4 hours 30 minutes driving
    • ", + "
  • your weekly rest after 6 consecutive 24-hour periods of working, starting from the end of the last weekly rest period taken
    • ", + "

    Coach drivers on an international trip can take their weekly rest after 12 consecutive 24-hour periods, starting from the end of the last weekly rest period taken.

    ", + "

    For more details on rests and breaks read:

    ", + "
  • Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs
    • ", + "
  • Passenger vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs
    • ", + "

    AETR rules

    ", + "

    The European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport (AETR) rules are now the same as the EU rules on drivers\u2019 hours.

    ", + "

    The AETR rules cover all EU countries and:

    ", + "
  • Albania
    • ", + "
  • Andorra
    • ", + "
  • Armenia
    • ", + "
  • Azerbaijan
    • ", + "
  • Belarus
    • ", + "
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ", + "
  • Georgia
    • ", + "
  • Kazakhstan
    • ", + "
  • Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • Monaco
    • ", + "
  • Montenegro
    • ", + "
  • Moldova
    • ", + "
  • North Macedonia
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Russia
    • ", + "
  • San Marino
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Turkey
    • ", + "
  • Turkmenistan
    • ", + "
  • Ukraine
    • ", + "
  • United Kingdom
    • ", + "
  • Uzbekistan
    • ", + "

    GB domestic rules

    ", + "

    The GB domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules apply to most passenger-carrying vehicles and goods vehicles that do not have to follow the EU rules.

    ", + "

    GB domestic rules apply in Great Britain - there are separate rules in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Goods vehicles

    ", + "

    Duty time

    ", + "

    If you work as a driver for a company, duty time is any working time. If you\u2019re self-employed, duty time is only time you spend driving the vehicle or doing other work related to the vehicle or its load.

    ", + "

    Daily driving limit

    ", + "

    You must not drive for more than 10 hours in a day:

    ", + "
  • on a public road
    • ", + "
  • off-road if not during duty time
    • ", + "

    Off-road driving counts as duty time if it\u2019s for:

    ", + "
  • agriculture
    • ", + "
  • quarrying
    • ", + "
  • forestry
    • ", + "
  • building work
    • ", + "
  • civil engineering
    • ", + "

    Daily duty limit

    ", + "

    You must not be on duty for more than 11 hours in any working day. This limit does not apply on any working day when you do not drive.

    ", + "

    You must record your hours on a weekly record sheet or on a tachograph.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not need to follow the GB domestic rules if you:

    ", + "
  • are dealing with an emergency - for example, a major disruption to public services or danger to life
    • ", + "
  • are using the vehicle for private driving and not for work
    • ", + "
  • drive off-road or on private roads during duty time
    • ", + "
  • drive a vehicle used by the armed forces, police or fire brigade
    • ", + "

    Passenger-carrying vehicles

    ", + "

    Duty time

    ", + "

    If you work as a driver for a company, duty time is any working time. If you\u2019re self-employed, duty time is only time you spend driving the vehicle or doing other work related to the vehicle or its load.

    ", + "

    Daily driving limit

    ", + "

    You must not drive for more than 10 hours in any working day.

    ", + "

    Breaks and continuous driving

    ", + "

    After 5 hours 30 minutes of driving you must take a break of at least 30 minutes for rest and refreshment.

    ", + "

    Or, within any period of 8 hours 30 minutes, you must take at least 45 minutes in breaks. You must also have a break of at least 30 minutes at the end of this period, unless it\u2019s the end of the working day.

    ", + "

    Length of working day (\u2018spreadover\u2019)

    ", + "

    You must not work more than 16 hours between the times of starting and finishing work - including non-driving work and any times when you\u2019re off.

    ", + "

    Daily rest periods

    ", + "

    You must take a rest of 10 hours before the first duty and immediately after the last duty in a working week.

    ", + "

    You must take a rest of at least 10 hours between 2 working days (or spreadovers) - this can be reduced to 8.5 hours up to 3 times a week.

    ", + "

    Fortnightly rest periods

    ", + "

    Every 2 weeks you must take at least one period of 24 hours off duty.

    ", + "

    A fixed week is from 00:00 hours on Monday to 24:00 hours the next Sunday.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not need to follow the GB domestic rules if you:

    ", + "
  • are dealing with an emergency - for example, a major disruption to public services or danger to life
    • ", + "
  • drive for less than 4 hours a day in a week
    • ", + "

    If you drive for more than 4 hours for up to 2 days a week, you do not need to follow all of the rules. You need to:

    ", + "
  • follow the rules for daily driving limits and length of working day
    • ", + "
  • start and finish all of your duties within a 24-hour period
    • ", + "
  • take a rest of 10 hours before the first duty and immediately after the last duty
    • ", + "

    If you work overnight and the rules applied on the day your shift began, you must follow the rules for your entire shift - even if your shift finishes during a week in which you\u2019re exempt from the rules.

    ", + "

    Driving under both EU and GB domestic rules

    ", + "

    If you work partly under EU/AETR rules and partly under GB domestic rules during a day or a week you need to know the following:

    ", + "
  • driving under EU rules counts towards the driving and duty limits under GB domestic rules
    • ", + "
  • on any days you drive under EU rules you must take EU daily rest periods, as well as a weekly rest period
    • ", + "
  • you cannot count the time you spend driving under EU rules as an off-duty period under GB domestic rules
    • ", + "
  • driving and other duty under GB domestic rules count as \u2018attendance at work\u2019, not as a break or rest period under EU rules
    • ", + "

    Driving limits

    ", + "

    You must follow the GB domestic limit of a maximum of 10 hours driving a day. But at any time when you\u2019re actually driving under the EU rules you must follow all the rules on EU driving limits.

    ", + "

    Other duty limits

    ", + "

    You must follow the GB domestic limit of a maximum of:

    ", + "
  • 11 hours on duty if you drive a goods vehicle
    • ", + "
  • 16 hours on duty if you drive a passenger-carrying vehicle
    • ", + "

    Rest periods and breaks

    ", + "

    You must follow the EU rules on rest periods and breaks on days and weeks when you drive under EU rules.

    ", + "

    A fixed week is from 00:00 hours on Monday to 24:00 hours the next Sunday.

    ", + "

    Read Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.

    ", + "

    Read the rules for drivers\u2019 hours in the recovery vehicle industry.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Become a qualified lorry or bus driver", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-lorry-bus-driver", + "contents": [ + "

    Getting qualified

    ", + "

    To become a lorry, bus or coach driver you need to:

    ", + "
  • have a full car licence
    • ", + "
  • be over 18 - but there are some exceptions
    • ", + "
  • get a professional driving qualification called the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC)
    • ", + "

    Who needs the full Driver CPC

    ", + "

    You must have the full Driver CPC if you drive a lorry, bus or coach as the main part of your job.

    ", + "

    You usually need to pass 4 tests to get it, unless you have \u2018acquired rights\u2019 because of your existing driving experience.

    ", + "

    Who does not need the full Driver CPC

    ", + "

    You do not need the full Driver CPC if you:

    ", + "
  • do not want to drive for a living, for example you want to drive for a hobby or carry passengers or goods non-commercially for personal use
    • ", + "
  • drive in certain other situations, such as taking your vehicle for a pre-booked annual test (MOT)
    • ", + "

    You still need to pass the part 1 (theory) and part 3 (driving ability) tests of the qualification.

    ", + "

    How to get and keep the full Driver CPC

    ", + "
  • Apply for a provisional lorry or bus licence.
    • ", + "
  • Pass the 4 tests that make up Driver CPC to qualify.
    • ", + "
  • Take 35 hours of periodic training every 5 years to stay qualified.
    • ", + "

    You need to renew your bus or lorry licence every 5 years, and every year when you reach 65.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking an NVT course

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking an approved National Vocational Training (NVT) course you can drive professionally for up to 12 months without taking the Driver CPC part 2 and part 4 tests.

    ", + "

    Applying for a provisional lorry or bus licence

    ", + "

    The category of provisional licence you need depends on the type of vehicle you want to drive.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To apply, order forms D2 and D4 from DVLA.

    ", + "

    The D4 form has to be filled in by a doctor. This could be either:

    ", + "
  • your GP - but an optician might need to fill in the section about your eyesight
    • ", + "
  • a private firm specialising in drivers\u2019 medical exams
    • ", + "

    Your doctor, optician or a private firm can charge you.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a provisional trailer (+E) licence when you\u2019ve got the full licence for the vehicle you\u2019ll be driving.

    ", + "

    Order the forms online

    ", + "

    Order now

    ", + "

    Send the forms

    ", + "

    Send both forms and your photocard driving licence to DVLA. There\u2019s no application fee.

    ", + "

    You only need to include a passport-style colour photo and original identity documents if you have a paper driving licence.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You should get your driving licence within 3 weeks of DVLA getting your application. It can take longer if your health or personal details need to be checked.

    ", + "

    You automatically lose your lorry or bus licence if you lose your car licence.

    ", + "

    When you do not need the full Driver CPC

    ", + "

    You do not need the full Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) qualification if you\u2019re using the vehicle for:

    ", + "
  • non-commercial carriage of passengers or goods
    • ", + "
  • carrying material or equipment you use for your job, as long as driving is less than 30% of your rolling monthly working time
    • ", + "
  • driving lessons for anyone who wants to get a driving licence or a Driver CPC
    • ", + "
  • driving to or from pre-booked appointments at official vehicle testing centres
    • ", + "
  • driving within 62 miles (100 kilometres) of your base - but the vehicle cannot be carrying passengers or goods, and driving a lorry, bus or coach cannot be your main job
    • ", + "
  • maintaining public order - and the vehicle is being used or controlled by a local authority
    • ", + "
  • rescue missions or in states of emergency
    • ", + "
  • driving for an agriculture, horticulture, forestry, farming or fisheries business, as long as driving is less than 30% of your rolling monthly working time
    • ", + "

    You also do not need the full Driver CPC if the vehicle is:

    ", + "
  • limited to a top speed of 28mph
    • ", + "
  • being used or controlled by the armed forces, police, fire and rescue service, emergency ambulance service, prison service or people running a prison or young offender institution
    • ", + "

    You can read detailed examples of Driver CPC exemptions.

    ", + "

    If you are not sure if you need the Driver CPC, you should seek legal advice.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    If you want to become a lorry, bus or coach driver in these situations you need to:

    ", + "
  • Apply for a provisional lorry or bus licence.
    • ", + "
  • Pass the part 1 (theory) and part 3 (driving ability) tests.
    • ", + "

    You need to renew your bus or lorry licence every 5 years when you reach 45 and every year when you reach 65.

    ", + "

    Driver CPC part 1 test: theory

    ", + "

    You can book the part 1 theory test of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) as soon as you\u2019ve got your provisional licence.

    ", + "

    The test is made up of 2 parts - multiple choice and hazard perception. You have to book both parts separately, but you can take them on the same day.

    ", + "

    It does not matter which one you take first but you need to pass both within 2 years of each other to get your theory test certificate.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a Great Britain photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart
    • ", + "
  • an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring the right documents.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering at your test

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    Wearing glasses does not count as a good reason.

    ", + "

    You need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must stay at home (self-isolate) if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Change your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions part

    ", + "

    You can take a practice test to find out how the test works.

    ", + "

    The multiple-choice questions part lasts for 1 hour and 55 minutes, and the pass mark is 85 out of 100 questions.

    ", + "

    Hazard perception part

    ", + "

    Watch a video about how the hazard perception part works.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll watch 19 videos, and there are 20 developing hazards to spot.

    ", + "

    The pass mark is 67 out of 100. You cannot review your answers.

    ", + "

    Your test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a letter at the test centre with the results for the part of the theory test you\u2019ve just taken.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve passed both parts, your theory test certificate will be posted to you. You need this when you book your Driver CPC part 3 driving test.

    ", + "

    Your theory test certificate is valid for 2 years from when you passed the first part of the test.

    ", + "

    You need to pass the Driver CPC part 3 driving test within 2 years, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the part 1 theory test again.

    ", + "

    If you fail the theory tests

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a results letter with feedback telling you why you\u2019ve failed.

    ", + "

    You can book another theory test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.

    ", + "

    Cancelled tests

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if the DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    ", + "

    Driver CPC part 2 test: case studies

    ", + "

    You can book the part 2 case studies test of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) as soon as you\u2019ve got your provisional licence. You do not need to have passed the Driver CPC part 1 theory test.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a Great Britain photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart
    • ", + "
  • an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring the right documents.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering at your test

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    Wearing glasses does not count as a good reason.

    ", + "

    You need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must stay at home (self-isolate) if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Change your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    The test is made up of 7 case studies you work through on a computer. The case studies are short stories based on situations that you\u2019re likely to come across in your working life.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked between 6 and 8 multiple-choice questions on each case study.

    ", + "

    The test lasts for 1 hour and 15 minutes, and the pass mark is 40 out of 50.

    ", + "

    Your test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter with the results at the test centre.

    ", + "

    You need the test pass reference number when you book your Driver CPC part 4 practical demonstration test.

    ", + "

    The pass letter is valid for 2 years.

    ", + "

    You need to pass the Driver CPC part 4 practical demonstration test within 2 years, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the part 2 case studies test again.

    ", + "

    If you fail the test

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a result letter with feedback telling you why you\u2019ve failed.

    ", + "

    You can book another case studies test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.

    ", + "

    Cancelled tests

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    ", + "

    Driver CPC part 3 test: driving ability

    ", + "

    You must have passed the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) part 1 theory test before you can book the Driver CPC part 3 test.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring a lorry or a bus or coach that meets the rules.

    ", + "

    You must bring a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one.

    ", + "

    You must also bring one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a Great Britain photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart
    • ", + "
  • an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring these.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:

    ", + "
  • having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    You need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.

    ", + "

    You can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled if you come for your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not come for your driving test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    Your practical test will last about 1 hour and 30 minutes and includes:

    ", + "
  • vehicle safety questions
    • ", + "
  • practical road driving
    • ", + "
  • off-road exercises
    • ", + "

    Vehicle safety questions

    ", + "

    During your test you\u2019ll be asked vehicle safety questions on either:

    ", + "
  • lorries, buses and coaches
    • ", + "
  • lorries, buses and coaches towing trailers
    • ", + "

    Practical road driving

    ", + "

    During your practical road driving, the examiner will see how you:

    ", + "
  • use the vehicle controls
    • ", + "
  • move away at an angle, uphill and downhill
    • ", + "
  • do a controlled stop
    • ", + "
  • use the mirrors
    • ", + "
  • give appropriate signals
    • ", + "
  • show awareness and anticipation of other road users\u2019 intentions
    • ", + "
  • manage your progress and control your vehicle speed
    • ", + "
  • deal with hazards
    • ", + "
  • select a safe place to stop
    • ", + "

    There will also be 10 minutes of independent driving, designed to test your ability to drive safely while making independent decisions.

    ", + "

    Off-road exercises

    ", + "

    The off-road exercises will include:

    ", + "
  • an \u2018S\u2019 shaped reverse into a bay
    • ", + "
  • showing the uncoupling and recoupling procedure if you\u2019re taking a test with a trailer
    • ", + "

    During the test

    ", + "

    You can carry on if you make a mistake during your driving test.

    ", + "

    If you make a mistake which means you\u2019ve failed, your driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre. The test will end early.

    ", + "

    Test result

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve taken the practical test your examiner will tell you if you\u2019ve passed and explain how you did.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pass your test if you make:

    ", + "
  • 15 or fewer driving faults
    • ", + "
  • no serious or dangerous faults
    • ", + "

    If you fail, you can book another driving test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.

    ", + "

    Cancelled tests

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    ", + "

    Driver CPC part 4 test: practical demonstration

    ", + "

    You must have passed the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) part 2 test before you can book the Driver CPC part 4 test.

    ", + "

    Book your test

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • arrange a test with your trainer
    • ", + "
  • book a test yourself
    • ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring a lorry or a bus or coach that meets the rules.

    ", + "

    You must bring a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one.

    ", + "

    You must also bring one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a Great Britain photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart
    • ", + "
  • an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring these.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not go to your driving test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:

    ", + "
  • having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    You need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.

    ", + "

    You can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled if you go to your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.

    ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    You\u2019re tested on being able to:

    ", + "
  • load the vehicle following safety rules and to keep it secure
    • ", + "
  • stop trafficking in illegal immigrants
    • ", + "
  • assess emergency situations
    • ", + "
  • reduce physical risks to yourself or others
    • ", + "
  • do a walkaround vehicle safety check
    • ", + "

    The test is made up of 5 topics from the Driver CPC syllabus. You can score up to 20 points for each topic.

    ", + "

    To pass you have to score at least 15 out of 20 in each topic area and have an overall score of at least 80 out of 100.

    ", + "

    Test result

    ", + "

    At the end of your test the examiner will tell you if you\u2019ve passed.

    ", + "

    If you fail, you can book another driving test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.

    ", + "

    Cancelled tests

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve qualified

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve passed all 4 of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) tests, you\u2019ll be sent a Driver CPC card. This is sometimes called a \u2018driver qualification card\u2019 or \u2018DQC\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must carry your Driver CPC card while driving a lorry, bus or coach professionally. If you drive a heavy goods vehicle (HGV) outside the UK, check what documents you need to carry.

    ", + "

    You can get a \u00a350 fixed penalty for driving professionally without your Driver CPC card.

    ", + "

    Getting your Driver CPC card

    ", + "

    The card will be sent to the address on your driving licence. You need to change this address first if it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    The photograph and signature on your photocard licence will be used on your Driver CPC card.

    ", + "

    Waiting for your card

    ", + "

    You can drive professionally if you\u2019ve passed all the tests and you\u2019re waiting for your Driver CPC card to arrive.

    ", + "

    If your card does not arrive

    ", + "

    You should get your Driver CPC card within 20 days of passing the final test. Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you do not receive it.

    ", + "

    You have to pay \u00a325 if:

    ", + "
  • you take longer than 3 months to tell DVSA it has not arrived
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s sent to an old address because you have not updated your licence
    • ", + "

    Replace your card

    ", + "

    You must replace your Driver CPC card if it\u2019s lost or stolen.

    ", + "

    The Driver CPC card does not have your address on it, so you do not have to get a new one if your address changes.

    ", + "

    Staying qualified

    ", + "

    Every 5 years you must:

    ", + "
  • take 35 hours of Driver CPC training to keep driving professionally
    • ", + "
  • renew your lorry or bus driving licence
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re 65 or over you must renew your lorry or bus driving licence every year.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Provisional licence

    ", + " | Cost", + "Application for a provisional lorry or bus licence | No charge", + "

    Test costs

    ", + " | Weekday | Evening, weekend and bank holiday", + "Driver CPC part 1 - theory - (multiple-choice) | \u00a326 | \u00a326", + "Driver CPC part 1 - theory - (hazard perception) | \u00a311 | \u00a311", + "Driver CPC part 2 - case studies | \u00a323 | \u00a323", + "Driver CPC part 3 - driving ability | \u00a3115 | \u00a3141", + "Driver CPC part 4 - practical demonstration | \u00a355 | \u00a363", + "

    These are the prices to book your tests using the official service. Unofficial websites may charge more.

    ", + "

    Driver CPC card costs

    ", + " | Cost", + "Driver CPC card (non-UK driving licences only) | \u00a325", + "Replacement for lost, stolen or damaged card | \u00a325", + "

    NVT concession fees

    ", + " | Cost", + "National Vocational Training (NVT) concession card | \u00a325" + ] + }, + { + "title": "Driver CPC training for qualified drivers", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driver-cpc-training", + "contents": [ + "

    How much training you need to do

    ", + "

    You must do 35 hours of periodic training every 5 years to keep your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) to drive a lorry, bus or coach.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving professionally without Driver CPC.

    ", + "

    You can check how many hours of training you\u2019ve done in the current 5-year period.

    ", + "

    You only need to complete one set of training every 5 years if you drive both lorries and buses professionally.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You have to do the training in the country where you work or normally live.

    ", + "

    When to take training

    ", + "

    Your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) qualification lasts for 5 years. To keep your Driver CPC you need to do 35 hours of training before your 5-year deadline.

    ", + "

    The deadline to do your training is shown on your card.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to you when you take the training courses, as long as you do them within the 5-year period.

    ", + "

    If you miss your training deadline

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to drive professionally if you have not done your training by your deadline.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving professionally without Driver CPC.

    ", + "

    Drivers with \u2018acquired rights\u2019

    ", + "

    Having \u2018acquired rights\u2019 means that you did not have to take the Driver CPC initial qualification because of your existing driving experience.

    ", + "

    You have acquired rights if you got your vocational licence before the dates shown in the table.

    ", + " | Vehicle categories included | When you got your vocational licence", + "Lorry | C, C1, C+E and C1+E | Before 10 September 2009", + "Bus or coach | D, D1, D+E, D1+E | Before 10 September 2008", + "Bus or coach (not for hire or reward) | D(101) | After 1991", + "Minibus (not for hire or reward) | D1(101) | Before 1997", + "

    Training deadlines for drivers with acquired rights

    ", + "

    You still need to take periodic training, but there are set deadlines.

    ", + " | Lorry driver | Bus or coach driver | Dual-category driver (lorry, bus and coach)", + "First block of training | 9 September 2014 | 9 September 2013 | 9 September 2013", + "Second block of training | 9 September 2019 | 9 September 2018 | 9 September 2019", + "Third block of training | 9 September 2024 | 9 September 2023 | 9 September 2024", + "

    If you did not do your first block of training

    ", + "

    You can finish your training or take extra tests if you have acquired rights and did not finish your first block of training by the deadline.

    ", + "

    Finding training courses

    ", + "

    All approved Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) courses count towards periodic training. Different courses cover different parts of the Driver CPC syllabus.

    ", + "

    Find CPC courses to attend.

    ", + "

    The minimum length of a training course is 7 hours. It can be taken over 2 consecutive days and can include up to 2 hours of online training before you start.

    ", + "

    Taking a non-Driver CPC course

    ", + "

    Some non-Driver CPC courses count towards your 35 hours. For example, you can take up to 14 hours of training for transport-related EU Directives, such as ADR (transporting dangerous goods).

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA if you want to check whether a course counts towards your training.

    ", + "

    Taking the same course more than once

    ", + "

    You can only take the same course more than once in each 5-year period if you have a good reason to repeat it - for example, maintaining a dangerous goods qualification.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a good reason, DVSA can cancel the hours you got from the course. You might lose your Driver CPC card if cancelling the hours takes your total back under 35 hours.

    ", + "

    Repeating a non-Driver CPC course

    ", + "

    You cannot repeat non-Driver CPC courses during your training period.

    ", + "

    The only exception is training in ADR. You can take 2 7-hour ADR courses during the 5-year training period. If you do this, you cannot count any other non-Driver CPC courses towards your training.

    ", + "

    Driver CPC course costs

    ", + "

    Training providers set their own prices for courses - there\u2019s no maximum price.

    ", + "

    Taking a training course

    ", + "

    You must take one of these to your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) training course:

    ", + "
  • a photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport
    • ", + "
  • a digital tachograph card
    • ", + "
  • a Driver CPC card
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re required to attend courses, but there are no tests or exams to pass at the end of them. Instead, you\u2019ll get a certificate of attendance. It belongs to you - your employer is not allowed to keep it.

    ", + "

    Your Driver CPC training record

    ", + "

    The training centre will put your training on your Driver CPC training record.

    ", + "

    Contact the centre where you did your training if it is not showing on your record 5 days after the course.

    ", + "

    If you took a non-Driver CPC course

    ", + "

    If you took a non-Driver CPC course, the provider will not upload your records. Email DVSA with the details. Include:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your driving licence number
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your address
    • ", + "
  • the date you completed the training
    • ", + "
  • proof you completed the training - for example, a copy of a training certificate
    • ", + "

    Problems with a training course

    ", + "

    You can email the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you think the training provided was not to the right standard, for example the course did not last as long as it should have.

    ", + "

    Getting your Driver CPC card

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) card when you\u2019ve done 35 hours of periodic training. The card is sometimes called a \u2018driver qualification card\u2019 or \u2018DQC\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must carry this card while driving a lorry, bus or coach professionally.

    ", + "

    You can get a \u00a350 fixed penalty for driving professionally without your card.

    ", + "

    You must replace your card if it\u2019s lost or stolen.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll be sent your card

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your new Driver CPC card straight away if you complete your training in the 12 months before your deadline.

    ", + "

    If you complete your training more than a year early

    ", + "

    You will not get your new Driver CPC card until nearer the time your current card expires.

    ", + "

    You can check when you\u2019ll get your new card.

    ", + "

    How the card is sent to you

    ", + "

    Your Driver CPC card will be sent automatically to the address on your driving licence. You need to change this address first if it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    You only need to apply for your card if you did some of your periodic training in an EU country.

    ", + "

    The Driver CPC card does not have your address on it, so you do not have to get a new one if your address changes.

    ", + "

    The photo and signature on your photocard driving licence will be used on your Driver CPC card.

    ", + "

    Waiting for your card

    ", + "

    You can still drive professionally while waiting for your card if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve done your periodic training
    • ", + "
  • your training provider has recorded the training (they must do this within 5 working days of the training ending)
    • ", + "

    If your card does not arrive

    ", + "

    Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you do not receive your new card within 20 days of the date you\u2019re due to get it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay \u00a325 if:

    ", + "
  • you take longer than 3 months to tell DVSA it has not arrived
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s sent to an old address because you have not updated your licence
    • ", + "

    If you miss your training deadline

    ", + "

    If you miss your deadline, you cannot drive professionally until you\u2019ve finished your training.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving professionally without Driver CPC.

    ", + "

    Your next deadline will be set for 5 years after the date you finish your training.

    ", + "

    How long training counts for

    ", + "

    Any training you\u2019ve already done counts for 5 years from the date you took the course. You do not lose it because you\u2019ve passed your deadline.

    ", + "

    The training will not count towards the 35 hours total if you took it more than 5 years ago.

    ", + "

    If you have acquired rights

    ", + "

    If you have acquired rights you can either:

    ", + "
  • complete 35 hours of Driver CPC periodic training by finding and taking training courses
    • ", + "
  • take and pass the Driver CPC part 2 (case studies) and part 4 (practical demonstration) tests
    • ", + "

    You can only choose the test option once. After that, you must take periodic training to keep your qualification in the future.

    ", + "

    Booking the tests

    ", + "

    You have to book the tests by phone - you cannot book online.

    ", + "

    Training in EU countries and Switzerland

    ", + "

    You need to apply for your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) card in writing if you:

    ", + "
  • have a UK or Great Britain (GB) driving licence
    • ", + "
  • took some of your periodic training in an EU country or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • did the final 7 hours of your periodic training in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "

    What you need to send

    ", + "

    You need to include:

    ", + "
  • your driving licence number
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your phone number
    • ", + "
  • your training certificates from an EU country or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • a \u00a325 fee to add training taken abroad to your Driver CPC card
    • ", + "

    You must include the original documents - photocopies are not accepted.

    ", + "

    Where to send the documents

    ", + "

    Send all the documents to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you live in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Documents that are not in English

    ", + "

    You need to send documents with an English translation on headed paper from an educational organisation or embassy.

    ", + "

    How to pay your fee

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • pay over the phone using a credit or debit card - DVSA will phone you to take the payment
    • ", + "
  • pay by cheque or postal order - send your payment to DVSA with your documents
    • ", + "

    If you have a licence from another country

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from another country, there are 2 ways to get a Great Britain (GB) Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) card. You should either:

    ", + "
  • complete your periodic training in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • exchange your driver\u2019s licence for a GB licence - you must have a code 95 entitlement on your non-GB licence to do this
    • ", + "

    Complete your training in England, Scotland or Wales

    ", + "

    You can get a GB Driver CPC card if you\u2019ve done the final 7 hours of your periodic training in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    You must also live or work in England, Scotland or Wales and have a driving licence from any of these countries:

    ", + "
  • an EU country
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • Guernsey
    • ", + "
  • Iceland
    • ", + "
  • Isle of Man
    • ", + "
  • Jersey
    • ", + "
  • Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "

    To apply for a GB Driver CPC card, send an email to the Driving and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) asking for form DQC1.

    ", + "

    If you live in Northern Ireland, contact the Driver and Vehicle Agency (DVA).

    ", + "

    Exchange your driving licence for a GB licence

    ", + "

    If you have a code 95 entitlement on your licence, you can get a GB Driver CPC card by exchanging your licence for a GB licence.

    ", + "

    Your Driver CPC qualification will still last until the date it was due to run out when you first got it.

    ", + "

    When you exchange your licence, the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) will tell DVSA for you.

    ", + "

    If you already have an EU Driver CPC card

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send your EU Driver CPC card to DVSA if you want to exchange it for a GB Driver CPC card. Send it with a short letter which includes your:

    ", + "
  • driving licence number
    • ", + "
  • name and address
    • ", + "
  • phone number
    • ", + "

    DVSA will send you a new Driver CPC card with the same number as your driving licence.

    ", + "

    From then on, after doing 35 hours of periodic training in England, Scotland or Wales, you\u2019ll get your Driver CPC qualification for 5 years.

    ", + "

    If you live in Northern Ireland, contact DVA.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Roadside vehicle checks for commercial drivers", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/roadside-vehicle-checks-for-commercial-drivers", + "contents": [ + "

    Checks on your vehicle

    ", + "

    As a commercial driver, you might be asked to stop by the police or a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) officer. They can stop vans, lorries, buses and coaches.

    ", + "

    The police and DVSA have the power to carry out spot checks on your vehicle and issue prohibitions if necessary. A prohibition prevents you from driving until you get a problem with your vehicle fixed.

    ", + "

    Police and DVSA officers can also issue fixed penalties if you commit an offence. Some of these are graduated depending on the circumstances and seriousness of the offence.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your vehicle is roadworthy.

    ", + "

    How to recognise a DVSA officer

    ", + "

    DVSA officers wear yellow visibility jackets with either the VOSA or DVSA logo, and they\u2019ll always carry a DVSA warrant card.

    ", + "

    Their vehicles are marked with a black and yellow print on the side and either a VOSA or DVSA logo on the bonnet.

    ", + "

    What happens when you\u2019re stopped

    ", + "

    The checks are carried out either at the roadside or at dedicated testing sites. The checks are used to keep unsafe vehicles off the road.

    ", + "

    The officer checks that the vehicle is not breaking any rules and regulations. This includes:

    ", + "
  • checking authorised load weights and type of load permitted
    • ", + "
  • checking vehicles for roadworthiness and mechanical faults
    • ", + "
  • looking at your tachograph records
    • ", + "
  • making sure you have a valid occupational driving licence
    • ", + "

    Your vehicle could be impounded if you commit a series of serious offences.

    ", + "

    Foreign-registered vehicles are subject to the same rules as vehicles registered in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re carrying a high-value load you can keep your engine running, doors locked and windows closed until you\u2019re sure you\u2019ve been stopped by a genuine police or DVSA officer.

    ", + "

    If you do not stop

    ", + "

    Not stopping when asked to by a uniformed officer is an offence. The incident will be officially recorded and you\u2019ll be interviewed later on.

    ", + "

    You may then face court action or be reported to the Traffic Commissioner, who may remove or suspend your operator\u2019s licence.

    ", + "

    Making sure your vehicle is roadworthy

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for maintaining the roadworthiness of your vehicle. This will help avoid problems with vehicle checks.

    ", + "

    Driver responsibilities

    ", + "

    You must ensure your vehicle is safe to drive before setting off on a journey. You should carry out a walkaround check of the vehicle before your journey and check the:

    ", + "
  • lights
    • ", + "
  • tyres
    • ", + "
  • wheel fixings
    • ", + "
  • bodywork
    • ", + "
  • trailer coupling
    • ", + "
  • load and other equipment
    • ", + "

    Download guidance for walkaround checks for public service vehicle (PSV) and heavy goods vehicle (HGV) drivers.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also responsible for reporting any defects in writing to whoever\u2019s in charge of sorting out vehicle defects in your organisation. Reports should include the:

    ", + "
  • vehicle registration or identification mark
    • ", + "
  • date of inspection
    • ", + "
  • details of the defects
    • ", + "
  • name of the person reporting the defects
    • ", + "

    Operator responsibilities

    ", + "

    You must carry out safety inspections before you use a vehicle for the first time - even if you\u2019re just leasing, hiring or borrowing the vehicle.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • make sure there are regular safety inspections
    • ", + "
  • give drivers clear written instructions of their responsibilities so they understand what they should do
    • ", + "
  • have a system to ensure that non-roadworthy vehicles are taken out of service
    • ", + "

    Safety inspections must be carried out by trained inspectors with a good knowledge of the appropriate Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) inspection manuals.

    ", + "

    Roadside prohibitions

    ", + "

    You could be given a prohibition by a police officer or an officer from the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). You could either get an immediate or delayed prohibition, depending on how dangerous your vehicle is before the faults are fixed.

    ", + "

    Immediate prohibition

    ", + "

    It\u2019s likely your vehicle will be immobilised and you will not be able to drive it if you get a prohibition that comes into effect immediately. You could also be prosecuted.

    ", + "

    Delayed prohibition

    ", + "

    If you get a prohibition with a delayed effect, you\u2019ll be able to drive your vehicle away and the operator will have up to 10 days to get it fixed. It will then need to be reinspected and the prohibition removed before it can be used on the road again.

    ", + "

    Types of prohibition

    ", + "

    Make sure you give the prohibition notice to the vehicle operator and owner. They\u2019ll find details of how to clear it on the back.

    ", + "

    Overload prohibition notice

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is overloaded then you will be issued with an immediate prohibition notice and your vehicle may be immobilised. Examiners can also direct the vehicle to somewhere nearby, where the load can be redistributed or removed.

    ", + "

    A copy of the notice is sent to the owner or operator of the vehicle.

    ", + "

    Roadworthiness prohibition (PG9)

    ", + "

    This is given for mechanical problems or for the condition of a vehicle\u2019s bodywork and equipment. It could have an immediate or delayed effect depending on how severe the defect is.

    ", + "

    DVSA has published a list of defects explaining whether immediate or delayed prohibitions are issued.

    ", + "

    \u2018S\u2019 marked roadworthiness prohibition

    ", + "

    This is given when the examiner believes a severe defect is due to significant breakdown in the vehicle\u2019s maintenance procedures.

    ", + "

    You would not get this type of prohibition for defects you cannot have known about before your journey, eg:

    ", + "
  • a problem that could have occurred during the journey
    • ", + "
  • a problem you could not reasonably have been expected to have noticed (for example an underside defect)
    • ", + "

    You could get an \u2018S\u2019 marked prohibition if the examiner believes there\u2019s been a significant breakdown in the maintenance procedures agreed as part of the operator\u2019s licence.

    ", + "

    The prohibition can start immediately and you or the operator could be prosecuted. DVSA will follow up with an assessment of the operator\u2019s maintenance procedures.

    ", + "

    Variation of roadworthiness prohibition

    ", + "

    You could get this if an immediate problem with your vehicle has been temporarily or permanently fixed at the roadside but others remain.

    ", + "

    It means you can return to your operating centre or garage to permanently repair the initial problem and other faults.

    ", + "

    You might get a different type of prohibition notice.

    ", + "

    Drivers\u2019 hours prohibition

    ", + "

    You get this if you have not followed the rules for drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a fine - but you could also be prosecuted or have your vehicle immobilised.

    ", + "

    Hazchem prohibition

    ", + "

    This is given when a problem with carrying dangerous goods is found. Fixing the problem is usually enough to get the prohibition lifted.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the prohibition

    ", + "

    You can complain to the local police force or DVSA office that gave you the prohibition. Call DVSA if you need their contact details.

    ", + "

    Do not get your vehicle repaired or adjusted while you\u2019re making your complaint.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the outcome, complain to DVSA within 14 days of getting the prohibition.

    ", + "

    Driving without a valid operator's licence

    ", + "

    You need a valid operator\u2019s licence if you drive the following for any type of business:

    ", + "
  • a public service vehicle (PSV)
    • ", + "
  • a heavy goods vehicle (HGV)
    • ", + "

    If you or your employer do not have a valid operator\u2019s licence, your vehicle could be impounded and scrapped after 21 days unless you or your employer appeal to the local Traffic Commissioner.

    ", + "

    Appeals can only be made when:

    ", + "
  • you can prove that the vehicle was seized wrongly (because you or your employer had an operator\u2019s licence when it was seized)
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle was exempt from operator licensing when it was impounded
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle was being used illegally without the owner\u2019s knowledge
    • ", + "

    Your vehicle may still be scrapped if you appeal and the Traffic Commissioner rules that the impounding was correct.

    ", + "

    Fixed penalties

    ", + "

    If you get a fixed penalty from a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) officer or the police, the amount you have to pay could depend on the circumstances and seriousness of the offence.

    ", + "

    Offences you can be fined for include:

    ", + "
  • your vehicle weighing more than its maximum permitted weight
    • ", + "
  • driving for too long without taking a break
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle not being roadworthy (for example, if it has a bald tyre)
    • ", + "

    You can be fined between \u00a350 and \u00a3300. You can be taken to court for more serious offences, and a magistrate will decide how much your fine is.

    ", + "

    You can check you\u2019ve been fined the correct amount by reading DVSA\u2019s guide to offences and fines.

    ", + "

    Endorsements to your driving licence

    ", + "

    For some offences, you\u2019ll get points added to your licence (endorsements) as well as a fine. For example, if your vehicle has defective brakes, you\u2019ll be given a \u00a3100 fine and 3 points on your licence.

    ", + "

    You must present your driving licence within 14 days if the offence is endorsable.

    ", + "

    Fixed penalty notices

    ", + "

    You must have a UK address you can be easily contacted through. Bed and breakfast, hotel, agency or solicitor addresses are not normally accepted.

    ", + "

    If you have a satisfactory UK address, you\u2019ll have 28 days from when you\u2019re given a fixed penalty notice to either:

    ", + "
  • pay the fine
    • ", + "
  • ask for a court hearing if you want to appeal
    • ", + "

    In Scotland, you\u2019ll get a \u2018conditional offer\u2019 instead of a fixed penalty notice. You get 28 days from the date of issue to pay the fine. After this, you could be prosecuted if you do not pay.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a satisfactory UK address

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a \u2018financial penalty deposit\u2019. This will be either:

    ", + "
  • the total of all fixed penalty notices issued (if you want to appeal, you must do so within 28 days)
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3500 per offence if you go to court - you\u2019ll have to pay on the spot and go to court later
    • ", + "

    In both cases the maximum amount you\u2019ll have to pay as a deposit is \u00a31,500. You have to pay this straight away - if you do not, you might not be allowed to drive your vehicle.

    ", + "

    The money from deposits is used to pay any fixed penalties or court fines.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be refunded any money left over from your deposit after fines have been paid.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will be immobilised if you do not pay the deposit.

    ", + "

    What happens if your vehicle is immobilised

    ", + "

    Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) officers and police officers have the power to immobilise your vehicle when they stop you.

    ", + "

    This might happen if you\u2019ve committed a serious enough offence to get an \u2018immediate prohibition\u2019.

    ", + "

    An immediate prohibition is used to prevent risks to road safety (for example an unroadworthy vehicle or a tired driver). It means you will not be able to drive your vehicle until the problem is sorted out.

    ", + "

    When your vehicle could be immobilised

    ", + "

    DVSA or the police can also immobilise your vehicle at the roadside if an immediate prohibition is issued for any of the following reasons:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve broken the rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle is not roadworthy
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle is overloaded
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given a fixed penalty notice but cannot or will not pay a financial penalty deposit
    • ", + "

    Not all vehicles given an immediate prohibition will be immobilised. Special circumstances will be considered, eg:

    ", + "
  • the type of load you\u2019re carrying
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re carrying passengers on a public service vehicle who\u2019d be inconvenienced if it was immobilised
    • ", + "

    How your vehicle is immobilised

    ", + "

    DVSA and the police use a steel cable secured by a padlock to immobilise vehicles. It\u2019s fitted around the wheels of the vehicle and a warning notice is attached to the vehicle.

    ", + "

    The notice tells you how to get the vehicle released. You have to:

    ", + "
  • satisfy DVSA that the causes of the immediate prohibitions have been dealt with
    • ", + "
  • pay an \u00a380 release charge
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s an offence to remove the warning notice or interfere with the immobilising device.

    ", + "

    DVSA has produced a guide to vehicle immobilisation with more information, including advice on how to avoid it.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Traffic commissioner public inquiries", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/traffic-commissioner", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Traffic commissioners are responsible for licensing and regulating operators of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs), public service vehicles (PSVs) and local bus services. They can also take action against their drivers.

    ", + "

    They can call a formal public inquiry in a court to get more evidence to help them decide if they should:

    ", + "
  • grant or refuse licences for HGV or PSV operators
    • ", + "
  • take action against a vehicle operator, bus service operator or driver of a bus, minibus or lorry
    • ", + "

    This might be if someone has objected to a licence being granted or the traffic commissioner thinks an operator may have broken the terms of their licence.

    ", + "

    A vehicle or bus service operator can also request a public inquiry but the traffic commissioner doesn\u2019t have to hold one.

    ", + "

    Objecting to a licence

    ", + "

    Licence applications are made public. Objections can be made by certain public bodies and in some cases individuals.

    ", + "

    Objections by public bodies

    ", + "

    Bodies that can object to a licence application include:

    ", + "
  • local and planning authorities
    • ", + "
  • the police
    • ", + "
  • some trade associations and trade unions
    • ", + "

    When a public body can object

    ", + "

    A public body can object to a licence about the:

    ", + "
  • professional competence of the operator or its transport manager
    • ", + "
  • operator\u2019s finances
    • ", + "
  • operator\u2019s reputation or fitness to hold a licence
    • ", + "
  • operator\u2019s arrangements for vehicle maintenance and drivers\u2019 hours
    • ", + "
  • operating centre\u2019s environmental standards and general conditions
    • ", + "

    Objections must be put in writing to the traffic commissioner within 21 days of a licence application being made public.

    ", + "

    You can see the latest applications and traffic commissioner decisions in the regularly updated \u2018Applications and Decisions\u2019 guides for goods vehicles and the \u2018Notices and Proceedings\u2019 guides for public service vehicles (PSVs).

    ", + "

    Read the guide on goods vehicle operator licensing for further information.

    ", + "

    Objections by individuals (representations)

    ", + "

    If a vehicle operator wants to add an operating centre to a licence or make changes to an existing centre, owners and residents of land nearby can object. This is called a \u2018representation\u2019.

    ", + "

    However, representations must be about environmental issues, such as concern over noise, and only if they\u2019re going to affect the owner or resident\u2019s \u2018use or enjoyment\u2019 of the land.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on making a representation or complaint for further information.

    ", + "

    Being called to a public inquiry

    ", + "

    You may have to attend a public inquiry if:

    ", + "
  • someone has objected to your application for a licence or change to a licence
    • ", + "
  • you have not kept to the conditions of your licence, for example you\u2019ve used more vehicles than permitted
    • ", + "
  • there are environmental concerns about a goods vehicle operating centre on your licence
    • ", + "
  • your conduct has come into question, for example you\u2019ve been caught using a mobile phone while driving
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter with all the details.

    ", + "

    Notice to attend

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a minimum of:

    ", + "
  • 28 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a transport manager
    • ", + "
  • 21 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a new or existing goods operator licence
    • ", + "
  • 14 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a new or existing passenger operator\u2019s licence
    • ", + "

    You cannot ask for the hearing to be changed to another date, unless you have a good reason that can be backed up. For example, if you\u2019re going on holiday, you may need to send evidence to show it was pre-booked.

    ", + "

    At the public inquiry

    ", + "

    You can decide to represent yourself or ask someone to represent you, such as a lawyer. This could be someone else like a transport consultant if the traffic commissioner agrees.

    ", + "

    Evidence is not given under oath but witnesses have to tell the truth.

    ", + "

    If you do not tell the truth you could lose your licence or criminal charges may follow.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    Report to the inquiry clerk as soon as you arrive. The traffic commissioner will then:

    ", + "
  • decide whether oppositions should be heard
    • ", + "
  • listen to the application outline and ask questions about it
    • ", + "
  • listen to objectors or a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) traffic examiner outline their cases and ask questions
    • ", + "
  • ask applicants and objectors to present their cases in detail - they or any of the parties may ask questions
    • ", + "
  • question applicants on how conditions added to the licence may affect their business
    • ", + "
  • ask applicants and objectors to sum up their cases
    • ", + "

    The traffic commissioner will announce their decision at the time, or give it in writing later, usually within 28 days.

    ", + "

    Decision and penalties

    ", + "

    The traffic commissioner can decide to:

    ", + "
  • refuse to grant a licence
    • ", + "
  • refuse to vary an existing licence
    • ", + "
  • attach conditions to a licence
    • ", + "
  • grant a licence allowing fewer vehicles than the number applied for
    • ", + "
  • impose financial penalties on registered bus service operators
    • ", + "
  • end or suspend an existing licence
    • ", + "
  • disqualify an individual or a company from having a licence
    • ", + "
  • disqualify transport managers
    • ", + "

    You can appeal against the decision.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Upper Tribunal against a traffic commissioner decision (form UT12).

    ", + "

    You must send the form to the tribunal within 1 month of the traffic commissioner\u2019s written decision. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Find out more about making an appeal to the Upper Tribunal.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    The Office of the Traffic Commissioner has produced a detailed guide to traffic commissioner public inquiries. It includes further information on:

    ", + "
  • how you might be called to an inquiry
    • ", + "
  • how you might find out if an inquiry is to be held
    • ", + "
  • how they work on the day
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Specialist tests for lorries", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/specialist-tests-for-lorries", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Most commercial vehicles must be tested every year to make sure they\u2019re roadworthy and follow regulations. This is known as the annual test.

    ", + "

    As well as the annual test, your HGV must be tested if you want to be able to:

    ", + "
  • carry explosives or dangerous goods in bulk - this is known as the ADR test
    • ", + "
  • take goods vehicles outside the EU - this is known as the TIR test
    • ", + "
  • \u2018uprate\u2019 or \u2018downrate\u2019 your vehicle to change the weight it\u2019s allowed to carry
    • ", + "
  • qualify for a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC)
    • ", + "

    ADR test for carrying dangerous goods

    ", + "

    The ADR is a specialist test for vehicles carrying dangerous or hazardous goods in bulk by road.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must pass an ADR test if it\u2019s a commercial vehicle or a trailer used to carry explosives, or if it\u2019s used in the UK or abroad:

    ", + "
  • to carry dangerous goods in a fixed tank, demountable tank or fixed battery of pressure vessels of over 1,000 litres capacity
    • ", + "
  • for carrying dangerous goods in a container or portable tank or battery of pressure vessels of over 3,000 litres capacity
    • ", + "

    The test varies depending on the type of goods you want to carry.

    ", + "

    How to book a test and what it costs

    ", + "
  • Complete the application for an ADR test.
    • ", + "
  • Say on the form if the vehicle is to be tested while still carrying dangerous goods (or their residue) - DVSA will make arrangements for this.
    • ", + "
  • Include copies of insurance certificates (originals will need to be seen at the test) for fixed tanks, batteries and pressure vessels.
    • ", + "

    Send your application at least 10 days before you want to take the test. You can post it to the address on the form or use the contact details below.

    ", + "

    Vehicles and trailers need individual certification, so an articulated or drawbar combination will need 2 ADR applications - one for the vehicle and one for the trailer. You have to pay a fee for each part.

    ", + "

    Fees for ADR testing and certification

    ", + "

    The fees listed are in addition to the standard annual test fee.

    ", + "DVSA service | Fee", + "Initial inspection | \u00a3116", + "Re-inspection within 14 days | \u00a363", + "Duplicate certificate | \u00a314", + "New type approved artic tractor certificate | \u00a328", + "

    Fees may be different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Taking your vehicle to the test

    ", + "

    Vehicles should not normally be loaded or uncleaned when they\u2019re taken for the ADR test, unless special arrangements have been made with the testing station.

    ", + "

    The exception is for vehicles loaded with UN1202 diesel, gas or heating oil where there\u2019s also no residue of other flammable materials in tank vapour spaces.

    ", + "

    If a dangerous goods vehicle is taken to the test uncleaned or not purged, or is laden with dangerous goods, DVSA will need to see evidence that the vehicle is accompanied by a person with an appropriate ADR driver\u2019s licence.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit form VTG15 to the testing station to show if your vehicle is carrying or has been carrying dangerous goods.

    ", + "

    Getting a re-inspection after a failed test

    ", + "

    If you fail the test, phone the testing station you used to arrange another inspection.

    ", + "

    New goods vehicle tractor units that have \u2018ADR-type approval\u2019

    ", + "

    If you buy a new tractor unit, ask your vehicle supplier if it has been built to an \u2018ADR-type approval\u2019. This means you can get ADR-type certification for it. The manufacturer should supply a combined Declaration of Conformity and application form ADR IIIA, which you can then send to DVSA.

    ", + "

    Duplicate ADR certificates

    ", + "

    You can get a duplicate certificate as long as the ADR certificate is still current. You cannot get a duplicate of an expired certificate.

    ", + "

    Write to DVSA\u2019s ADR Section with the following details:

    ", + "
  • vehicle/trailer ID
    • ", + "
  • operator name and address
    • ", + "
  • reason for request (for example, you\u2019ve lost the certificate or there\u2019s been a change of owner/operator)
    • ", + "
  • payment details
    • ", + "

    Change of ADR category

    ", + "

    If you want a new certificate because there\u2019s been a change of ADR category call the ADR Section for advice.

    ", + "

    TIR test for quicker border crossings

    ", + "

    The TIR system allows UK customs officials to pack and seal goods before they\u2019re transported outside the EU. This means that the load will not need to be opened and inspected by customs officials at border crossings.

    ", + "

    To meet the TIR requirements your vehicle must pass a test to make sure that:

    ", + "
  • nothing can be put into or taken from the vehicle without it being obvious
    • ", + "
  • the goods compartment is built so that it has to be accessed from both inside and outside to be removed and replaced
    • ", + "

    Vehicles have to be made to the TIR convention standards. Most lorries made in the UK are not built to the TIR standard and cannot easily be changed to meet the standard.

    ", + "

    Book a TIR test

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways to get vehicles approved. You can either:

    ", + "
  • get individual vehicles approved by having each one inspected
    • ", + "
  • get a design approved for a series of vehicles
    • ", + "

    Get individual vehicles approved

    ", + "

    Fill in an application to book an individual vehicle inspection and pay the fee. You need to fill in a form and pay a fee for each vehicle you want to be approved.

    ", + "

    The TIR test certificate lasts for 2 years from the date it\u2019s issued. You then need to book another inspection every 2 years to keep the vehicle approved. You have to fill in the inspection form and pay the fee each time.

    ", + "Fee type | Cost", + "Initial inspection for an individual vehicle | \u00a3106", + "Two-yearly inspection for an individual vehicle | \u00a3106", + "Re-inspection for an individual vehicle after a failed test | \u00a370", + "

    Fees may be different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Get a design approved for a series of vehicles

    ", + "

    Fill in an application to get a vehicle load compartment design approved and pay the fee.

    ", + "

    After the design is approved, you have to apply for a \u2018certificate of conformity\u2019 for each vehicle made to that design. You have to pay a fee for each vehicle. DVSA will inspect a sample of the vehicles.

    ", + "

    The certificate lasts for 2 years from the date it\u2019s issued. You then need to book an inspection for each vehicle made to the design every 2 years to keep them approved. You have to pay the inspection fee each time.

    ", + "Fee type | Cost", + "Approval of a design for a series of vehicles | \u00a3644", + "Certificate of conformity for each vehicle made to the design | \u00a314", + "Two-yearly inspection for each vehicle made to the design | \u00a3106", + "Re-inspection for a vehicle after a failed test | \u00a370", + "Make a change to an approved design | \u00a3106", + "Replacement certificate of conformity | \u00a314", + "

    Fees may be different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Where you can get the vehicle tested

    ", + "

    Call DVSA to find out where you can have it done.

    ", + "

    Cancelling a test

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give at least 3 days notice to cancel an inspection. Otherwise the fee won\u2019t be refunded.

    ", + "

    Change the weight you can carry

    ", + "

    You can apply to increase the maximum permitted weight your lorry can carry.

    ", + "

    This is known as:

    ", + "
  • \u2018up-plating\u2019 if no physical changes have been made to the design
    • ", + "
  • \u2018uprating\u2019 if the design has been modified
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a new plate to show the change in permitted weight.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a higher rate of vehicle tax if up-plating or uprating puts you in a higher vehicle tax band.

    ", + "

    Downplating and downrating

    ", + "

    You can also \u2018downplate\u2019 or \u2018downrate\u2019 your lorry. This reduces the maximum weight it can work at and will lower its rate of vehicle tax.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will be inspected by DVSA if it has been uprated or downrated before it\u2019s issued with new plates at the new weights.

    ", + "

    Up-plated and downplated lorries are not usually inspected, but downplated vehicles might have to pass an official weight test before DVSA issues a new plate.

    ", + "

    Apply to replate your lorry

    ", + "

    You can apply online or by post. You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a327.

    ", + "

    You must apply to DVLA using form V70 to re-licence the lorry once it\u2019s replated. Send your new plating certificate VTG7 with your application.

    ", + "

    Reduced emissions test

    ", + "

    You can get your vehicle tested for a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC). This lets you drive in the Low Emission Zone (LEZ) without paying.

    ", + "

    The Reduced Pollution Certificate (RPC) scheme to reduce your vehicle tax ended on 31 December 2016.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your vehicle can be tested for a Low Emissions Certificate if it:

    ", + "
  • was registered in the UK before 1 October 2006
    • ", + "
  • is fitted with a full filter to Low Emission Zone emissions standards
    • ", + "

    You do not need a Low Emission Certificate for a vehicle with a Euro 4, 5 or 6 engine.

    ", + "

    Converted and re-engined vehicles

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if the vehicle has either:

    ", + "
  • been fitted or converted to run solely on petrol
    • ", + "
  • had an approved gas conversion
    • ", + "

    Contact Transport for London (TfL) if your vehicle has been \u2018re-engined\u2019 to meet Low Emission Zone standards.

    ", + "

    Book a Low Emissions Certificate test

    ", + "

    Contact an authorised testing facility or Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) test station to book the test.

    ", + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • your vehicle registration number
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle identification or chassis number
    • ", + "
  • the make, model and date of manufacture
    • ", + "
  • details of any modifications made to meet the emissions standard
    • ", + "
  • to pay the fee
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s cheaper to have the test done at the same time as the vehicle\u2019s annual test.

    ", + "

    What to take to the test

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s been tested before you must take the vehicle\u2019s previous Low Emissions Certificate or Reduced Pollution Certificate.

    ", + "

    The test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if you do not take the certificate.

    ", + "

    What happens at the test

    ", + "

    The test is in 2 parts:

    ", + "
  • physical inspection to check any modifications, such as a filter fitted to the exhaust
    • ", + "
  • smoke opacity test to check emissions
    • ", + "

    Test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a Low Emissions Certificate if your vehicle passes the test.

    ", + "

    DVSA will pass your details to TfL automatically. You cannot drive in the Low Emission Zone until your details have been updated - it takes around 3 days.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is registered outside Great Britain, you need to register with TfL yourself. You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not register it.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle fails

    ", + "

    You can appeal the result. Fill in form LEC3 and send it to DVSA. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Renewing a Low Emissions Certificate

    ", + "

    The Low Emissions Certificate has an expiry date on it. You need to get your vehicle tested again by this date if you want to continue driving in the Low Emission Zone without paying.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving in the Low Emission Zone without a valid Low Emissions Certificate.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Specialist tests for coaches and buses", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/specialist-tests-for-coaches-and-buses", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must get your commercial vehicle tested every year to make sure it\u2019s roadworthy. This is known as the annual test.

    ", + "

    There are extra tests coaches and buses may need to take to:

    ", + "
  • qualify for free entrance to the London Low Emission Zone (LEZ) by getting a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC)
    • ", + "
  • meet seat belt safety rules
    • ", + "

    Reduced emissions test

    ", + "

    You can get your vehicle tested for a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC). This lets you drive in the Low Emission Zone (LEZ) without paying.

    ", + "

    The Reduced Pollution Certificate (RPC) scheme to reduce your vehicle tax ended on 31 December 2016.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your vehicle can be tested for a Low Emissions Certificate if it:

    ", + "
  • was registered in the UK before 1 October 2006
    • ", + "
  • is fitted with a full filter to Low Emission Zone emissions standards
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a Low Emission Certificate for a vehicle with a Euro 4, 5 or 6 engine.

    ", + "

    Converted and re-engined vehicles

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if the vehicle has either:

    ", + "
  • been fitted or converted to run solely on petrol
    • ", + "
  • had an approved gas conversion
    • ", + "

    Contact Transport for London (TfL) if your vehicle has been \u2018re-engined\u2019 to meet Low Emission Zone standards.

    ", + "

    Book a Low Emissions Certificate test

    ", + "

    Contact an authorised testing facility or Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) test station to book the test.

    ", + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • your vehicle registration number
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle identification or chassis number
    • ", + "
  • the make, model and date of manufacture
    • ", + "
  • details of any modifications made to meet the emissions standard
    • ", + "
  • to pay the fee
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s cheaper to have the test done at the same time as the vehicle\u2019s annual test.

    ", + "

    What to take to the test

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s been tested before you must take the vehicle\u2019s previous Low Emissions Certificate or Reduced Pollution Certificate.

    ", + "

    The test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if you don\u2019t take the certificate.

    ", + "

    What happens at the test

    ", + "

    The test is in 2 parts:

    ", + "
  • physical inspection to check any modifications, such as a filter fitted to the exhaust
    • ", + "
  • smoke opacity test to check emissions
    • ", + "

    Test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a Low Emissions Certificate if your vehicle passes the test.

    ", + "

    DVSA will pass your details to TfL automatically. It takes around 3 days for your details to be updated so you can drive in the Low Emission Zone.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is registered outside Great Britain, you need to register with TfL yourself. You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you don\u2019t register it.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle fails

    ", + "

    You can appeal the result. Fill in form LEC3 and send it to DVSA. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Renewing a Low Emissions Certificate

    ", + "

    The Low Emissions Certificate has an expiry date on it. You need to get your vehicle tested again by this date if you want to continue driving in the Low Emission Zone without paying.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving in the Low Emission Zone without a valid Low Emissions Certificate.

    ", + "

    Seat belt installation tests

    ", + "

    Manufacturers of some buses, coaches and minibuses must make sure their seat belts meet certain safety rules.

    ", + "

    Vehicles that need to be tested

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has additional seat belts fitted beyond those required by law, it must be tested if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s a private passenger vehicle with more than 8 passenger seats and was first used on or after 1 October 2001
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a public service vehicle
    • ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    Private passenger vehicles registered before 1 October 2001 are exempt.

    ", + "

    Buses made to carry standing passengers are also exempt, but if they have seat belts these must be tested.

    ", + "

    Public service vehicles that need a Certificate of Initial Fitness (COIF) have their seat belts checked as part of this process.

    ", + "

    Arrange a test

    ", + "

    You can get your passenger vehicle\u2019s seat belt installation tested at one of the following centres:

    ", + "
  • Status
    • ", + "
  • Millbrook proving ground
    • ", + "
  • Transport research laboratory
    • ", + "

    Manufacturers can test their own seat belts as long as they have the right equipment and staff.

    ", + "

    Testing seat belts is usually part of obtaining a COIF on new vehicles.

    ", + "

    You can get more advice about testing your passenger vehicle\u2019s seat belts from DVSA.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Driving licences for taxis and private hire vehicles", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taxi-driver-licence", + "contents": [ + "

    Type of driving licence

    ", + "

    You need a licence to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle.

    ", + "

    There are different ways for you apply depending on whether you\u2019ll operate:

    ", + "
  • outside London
    • ", + "
  • inside London
    • ", + "

    There is a different process for Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Outside London

    ", + "

    You must apply to your local council for a licence to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV).

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To apply you must:

    ", + "
  • be able to work legally in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have held a full GB or Northern Ireland driving licence - or a full EU driving licence - for at least 12 months
    • ", + "

    You must also be a \u2018fit and proper person\u2019 - which means your background and character will be checked. Your council may carry out an enhanced criminal records check from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS).

    ", + "

    You may also need:

    ", + "
  • a medical examination
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018knowledge\u2019 test
    • ", + "
  • to take a driving test
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Ask your council what the requirements are in your area, including the fees they charge and how to apply.

    ", + "

    Renew

    ", + "

    Ask your council how to renew your licence.

    ", + "

    Inside London

    ", + "

    You need to apply to Transport for London (TfL) to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV).

    ", + "

    Check with TfL to see if you\u2019re eligible to become a taxi or PHV driver.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Contact TfL to apply for a taxi driver licence.

    ", + "

    Contact TfL to apply for a PHV driver licence.

    ", + "

    Renew

    ", + "

    TfL will send you a renewal form before your current taxi or PHV driver\u2019s licence expires.

    ", + "

    You need to renew your licence before it expires or you will not be able to work as a taxi or PHV driver.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Being a goods vehicle operator", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-a-goods-vehicle-operator", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence if your business uses goods vehicles above a certain weight.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You need a licence to carry goods in a lorry, van or other vehicle with either:

    ", + "
  • a gross plated weight (the maximum weight that the vehicle can have at any one time) of over 3,500 kilograms (kg)
    • ", + "
  • an unladen weight of more than 1,525 kg (where there is no plated weight)
    • ", + "

    There are 3 different types of licence - what you need depends on the work you do.

    ", + "

    You must also make sure that any drivers you use or employ have the correct licence and training. All vehicles that you use should be correctly taxed and kept safe and in good condition at all times.

    ", + "

    Some goods vehicles do not need an operator\u2019s licence - read more about the exemptions.

    ", + "

    Motor vehicles and trailers

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence for a motor vehicle and trailer combination if:

    ", + "
  • the motor vehicle and the trailer(s) are plated and the total of their gross plated weights is more than 3,500 kg
    • ", + "
  • the total unladen weight of the vehicle and trailer combination is more than 1,525 kg
    • ", + "

    You do not need an operator\u2019s licence if your trailer\u2019s unladen weight is less than 1,020 kg and you only carry your own goods.

    ", + "

    Carrying goods for hire or reward

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a standard licence if you\u2019re carrying other people\u2019s goods for hire or reward (such as working as a courier or freight transport business) and the vehicle and trailer combination exceeds the weight limits above for a single vehicle.

    ", + "

    Types of licence

    ", + "

    There are 3 different types of operator\u2019s licence for goods vehicles. The licence you need depends on where you transport goods to and from, and who you do it for.

    ", + "

    Standard national licence

    ", + "

    This licence means you can carry:

    ", + "
  • your own goods in the UK and internationally
    • ", + "
  • other people\u2019s goods in the UK
    • ", + "

    You can also take loaded trailers to or from ports within the UK as part of an international journey, as long as your vehicles do not leave the country.

    ", + "

    Standard international licence

    ", + "

    This licence means you can carry your own goods, and other people\u2019s goods, both in the UK and on international journeys.

    ", + "

    After you get a standard international licence, you can also request the issue of a UK Licence for the Community. A UK Licence for the Community allows:

    ", + "
  • trips between all EU member countries
    • ", + "
  • transit traffic through EU member countries
    • ", + "
  • cabotage (a journey entirely within one EU country)
    • ", + "

    Restricted licence

    ", + "

    This licence allows you to carry your own goods, but not other people\u2019s goods.

    ", + "

    Your licence will continue to be valid as long as you pay your continuation fee every 5 years and operate within the terms of your licence. You\u2019ll be contacted every 5 years to make sure that your licence shows the correct information.

    ", + "

    Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you have any questions about vehicle licences.

    ", + "

    Transport outside the EU

    ", + "

    Contact the DVSA International Road Haulage Permits Office for help with applications for transport outside certain EU countries.

    ", + "

    Apply for a licence

    ", + "

    The goods vehicle operator licensing scheme is administered by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) on behalf of the traffic commissioners.

    ", + "

    The rules and fees are different if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    How to apply for a licence

    ", + "

    You can apply for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to:

    ", + "
  • advertise your application for a licence
    • ", + "
  • advertise your proposed operating centre(s)
    • ", + "
  • designate a transport manager if you\u2019re applying for a standard licence
    • ", + "
  • provide information about your financial situation
    • ", + "
  • draw up a maintenance contract with a garage or agent to do safety inspections and repair vehicles if you do not do this yourself
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a fee to apply for a licence.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision on your application within:

    ", + "
  • 7 weeks if you apply online
    • ", + "
  • 9 weeks if you apply by post
    • ", + "

    Apply for an interim licence

    ", + "

    If you need a licence urgently, you can apply for an interim licence until you get your full licence.

    ", + "

    The traffic commissioner will only consider issuing an interim licence on receipt of a complete application for an operator\u2019s licence.

    ", + "

    What the traffic commissioners do

    ", + "

    There are 8 traffic areas in Great Britain with a traffic commissioner responsible for each area. You\u2019ll need to hold a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence for each traffic area where you have an operating centre.

    ", + "

    Traffic commissioners are responsible in their area for:

    ", + "
  • licensing operators of Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs)
    • ", + "
  • granting vocational licences
    • ", + "
  • taking action against drivers of HGVs
    • ", + "

    When necessary, they also hold public inquiries to consider:

    ", + "
  • the environmental suitability of HGV operating centres
    • ", + "
  • applications for new licences
    • ", + "
  • disciplinary action against operators who have broken the conditions of their licences
    • ", + "

    Fees for goods vehicle licences

    ", + "

    When applying for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence, you\u2019ll have to pay:

    ", + "
  • a one-off fee payable on application
    • ", + "
  • a fee for the issue of a licence
    • ", + "
  • a fee for the issue of an interim licence (if applicable)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll then have to pay a continuation fee every 5 years to keep your licence active.

    ", + "Action | Fee", + "Application for a licence | \u00a3257", + "Issue of a licence | \u00a3401", + "Continuation of a licence after 5 years | \u00a3401", + "Issue of an interim licence | \u00a368", + "Major change to a licence | \u00a3257", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You can pay your fees:

    ", + "
  • online when you apply for a vehicle operator licence
    • ", + "
  • by phone - call the DVSA Helpline on 0300 123 9000 to pay for the interim, issuing and continuation fees (find out about call charges)
    • ", + "
  • by post - cheques should be made payable to \u2018DVSA\u2019 and sent to the following address
    • ", + "

    Operating centres

    ", + "

    Your operating centre is where your vehicles are normally kept when not in use. When you apply for an operator\u2019s licence, you\u2019ll be asked to give the address of your proposed centre(s) and information about the numbers of trailers and vehicles you will keep there.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that your operating centre:

    ", + "
  • is large enough
    • ", + "
  • has safe access
    • ", + "
  • is in an environmentally acceptable location
    • ", + "

    If you do not own the operating centre, you must show that you\u2019re allowed to use it.

    ", + "

    Advertising your application for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence

    ", + "

    You must advertise your application for a licence in a local newspaper and supply details of your proposed operating centre. This advertisement must appear at least once in the period from 21 days before to 21 days after you make your application, to give people the chance to object.

    ", + "

    Your application may be refused if you do not advertise the centre properly.

    ", + "

    Objecting to an application for a goods vehicle operator licence

    ", + "

    Local councils, planning authorities, police, trade associations, trade unions and other bodies may object to your application for a licence.

    ", + "

    Objections may be made on the grounds of:

    ", + "
  • your fitness to operate
    • ", + "
  • your financial arrangements
    • ", + "
  • your professional competence
    • ", + "
  • the environmental impact of the operating centre
    • ", + "
  • the general suitability of the centre
    • ", + "

    Your operating centre will need to meet certain conditions and not interfere with any local amenities. Certain things will be taken into account, like:

    ", + "
  • its effect on the surrounding environment
    • ", + "
  • planning permissions or applications relating to the centre or the land near it
    • ", + "
  • the number, type and size of vehicles using the centre
    • ", + "
  • where and how vehicles will park
    • ", + "
  • how often and for what purpose the centre will be used
    • ", + "

    Maintaining your vehicles

    ", + "

    You must keep your vehicles safe and in good condition at all times. You\u2019ll have to keep records of all safety inspections and maintenance that you or your maintenance contractor do for a minimum of 15 months.

    ", + "

    Carrying out your own inspections and maintenance

    ", + "

    If you carry out your own safety inspections and maintenance, you must keep records that include:

    ", + "
  • vehicle details
    • ", + "
  • a list of all items to be inspected
    • ", + "
  • when and by whom the inspection is carried out
    • ", + "
  • the result of the inspection
    • ", + "
  • details of any work carried out
    • ", + "
  • a declaration that any defects have been properly fixed
    • ", + "

    Walkaround checks

    ", + "

    You must make sure your drivers carry out a \u2018walkaround check\u2019 before driving a vehicle for the first time each day.

    ", + "

    Using a maintenance provider

    ", + "

    If you do not do this work yourself, you must provide the traffic commissioner with a copy of a contract with a maintenance provider. You\u2019re still responsible for the condition of your vehicles and trailers, even if they are maintained for you by someone else.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to find out how to keep your vehicle in a roadworthy condition.

    ", + "

    There are also specific roadworthiness checks for recovery vehicles and for horse boxes and trailers.

    ", + "

    Employing or using drivers

    ", + "

    If you employ or give work to drivers, you must check that they have the correct licence and training to drive goods vehicles.

    ", + "

    Professional lorry drivers need to hold a Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (Driver CPC).

    ", + "

    If you employ or give work to foreign drivers, you should make sure they understand the rules for driving in the UK. The Highways Agency has produced guides for foreign HGV drivers in 6 languages.

    ", + "

    Make changes to your licence

    ", + "

    You can make changes to your goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence once you have it, for example add more vehicles to it.

    ", + "

    You can update your licence online.

    ", + "

    You must apply by post if you want to transfer your operating centre to another operator. Download and fill in form GV72 - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Order a replacement licence

    ", + "

    Write to the Office of the Traffic Commissioner if you need to replace your licence.

    ", + "

    What happens if you break the terms of your licence

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency carries out regular roadside vehicle checks and checks on operating centres. They then submit information to the independent traffic commissioners.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle may be prohibited or immobilised if a DVSA roadside check finds that:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s been overloaded
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s unroadworthy
    • ", + "
  • it breaks the rules on the transport of dangerous goods
    • ", + "
  • a driver has broken drivers\u2019 hours regulations
    • ", + "

    Your licence could be taken away, suspended or restricted by the traffic commissioner if you:

    ", + "
  • break any of the terms or conditions of your licence
    • ", + "
  • do not meet health and safety conditions
    • ", + "
  • are convicted of certain offences
    • ", + "
  • are made bankrupt or (if the licence holder is a company) that company goes into liquidation, administration or receivership
    • ", + "
  • use a place not listed on the licence as an operating centre
    • ", + "
  • are given a prohibition notice by DVSA following an inspection
    • ", + "

    The traffic commissioner may decide to call you to a public inquiry to consider if any action against your licence is necessary.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence if your vehicle:

    ", + "
  • was first used before 1977, has an unladen weight of 1,525 kilograms or less and a maximum gross plated weight over 3,500 kilograms
    • ", + "
  • is using public roads for less than 6 miles a week whilst moving between private premises belonging to the same person as the vehicle (if the vehicle\u2019s used for excavation or demolition it does not matter who it belongs to)
    • ", + "
  • is being used on trade plates
    • ", + "
  • is a passenger carrying vehicle
    • ", + "

    Categories of vehicles that are exempt

    ", + "

    Several types of vehicle do not need an operator\u2019s licence, including:

    ", + "
  • military vehicles
    • ", + "
  • snow ploughs and gritters
    • ", + "
  • emergency service vehicles (including those used by gas, electricity, water and telephone companies)
    • ", + "
  • hearses
    • ", + "
  • recovery vehicles (only if they\u2019re used exclusively for that purpose)
    • ", + "
  • tractors and agricultural vehicles used in certain circumstances
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance to find out more about the vehicle operator licensing system.

    ", + "

    Categories of vehicles that are not exempt

    ", + "

    These types of vehicles are never exempt:

    ", + "
  • mobile exhibition vehicles
    • ", + "
  • catering vehicles
    • ", + "
  • mobile shops
    • ", + "
  • mobile medical screening vehicles
    • ", + "
  • vehicles with fixed equipment carrying goods not strictly for use in connection with that equipment, or towing a trailer that\u2019s carrying goods
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Supply a large goods trailer for use on the road", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permission-to-supply-a-large-goods-trailer-for-use-on-the-road", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for permission if you supply large goods trailers for use on the road.

    ", + "

    This is called a \u2018letter of consent\u2019 and applies to \u2018final suppliers\u2019.

    ", + "

    You need a letter of consent if your trailer:

    ", + "
  • is for carrying goods and weighs more than 1020kg when it\u2019s not carrying any goods or other items (known as \u2018unladen weight\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • is a semi-trailer
    • ", + "

    You do not need a letter of consent if your trailer is listed in Schedule 2 of the Goods Vehicle (Plating and Testing) Regulations.

    ", + "

    Who needs permission

    ", + "

    You need to get permission if you\u2019re a \u2018final supplier\u2019 of trailers. Final suppliers are:

    ", + "
  • trailer manufacturers
    • ", + "
  • trailer dealers
    • ", + "
  • importers of new trailers
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a dealer or importer, you only have to get permission if it has not already been obtained, for example if the trailer was built abroad and the manufacturer did not apply.

    ", + "

    When you need to get permission depends on when the trailer was put into service in the UK.

    ", + "Type of trailer | When you need permission", + "Trailers manufactured in a single stage | From 29 October 2012", + "Trailers manufactured in multiple stages | From 29 October 2013", + "Special purpose trailers | From 29 October 2014", + "

    Special purpose trailers include some trailer caravans, boat launching trailers, gritters and towed machinery. Check if your trailer is \u2018special purpose\u2019 by calling the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) helpline.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s an offence to supply or use these trailers without getting permission first and you could be fined.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an operator using large goods trailers on the road supplied after the dates above, you do not need to get permission - it should already have been given.

    ", + "

    You can check this by calling the DVSA helpline.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Apply using form TES1.

    ", + "

    You might also need to send evidence of vehicle approval depending on when the trailer was manufactured.

    ", + " | Manufacture date | Evidence of approval needed", + "Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in single and multiple stages | Up to and including 29 July 2012 | No", + "Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in a single stage | After 29 July 2012 | Yes", + "Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2012 up to and including 29 July 2013 | Partial (at least one element of approval)", + "Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2013 | Yes", + "Special Purpose trailers manufactured in a single stage | After 29 July 2012 | Yes", + "Special Purpose trailers manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2013 | Yes", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) accepts the following evidence of vehicle approval:

    ", + "
  • a European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval (ECWVTA) Certificate of Conformity (CoC)
    • ", + "
  • a UK National Small Series Type Approval (NSSTA) CoC
    • ", + "
  • a UK Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) certificate
    • ", + "

    More details are in the guidance notes. There is an additional form if you want to apply for consent of multiple trailers.

    ", + "

    You can also get the form and notes from the DVSA helpline:

    ", + "

    Send the form and your supporting documents to:

    ", + "

    Apply for a trailer identification number

    ", + "

    You can apply for a trailer identification number (also known as a ministry number) to add to your trailer while it\u2019s still being built.

    ", + "

    Do this by submitting the vehicle identification number (VIN) using form TES 2.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    Once DVSA has received your application and confirmed that you meet the requirements you\u2019ll get a \u2018letter of consent to supply\u2019.

    ", + "

    If applicable, you\u2019ll also get ministry plates, provided your approval documents and application give enough technical information.

    ", + "

    If your application is rejected, DVSA will send you a letter explaining the reasons why.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Transporting abnormal loads", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/esdal-and-abnormal-loads", + "contents": [ + "

    Abnormal loads

    ", + "

    An \u2018abnormal load\u2019 is a vehicle that has any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a weight of more than 44,000kg
    • ", + "
  • an axle load of more than 10,000kg for a single non-driving axle and 11,500kg for a single driving axle
    • ", + "
  • a width of more than 2.9 metres
    • ", + "
  • a rigid length of more than 18.65 metres
    • ", + "

    Other measurements may apply if you\u2019re transporting a load abroad.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re responsible for transporting an abnormal load, you need to follow regulations for notifying the authorities.

    ", + "

    Notifying the authorities

    ", + "

    Depending on the load you\u2019re moving and your route, you may need to give advance warning to:

    ", + "
  • the police
    • ", + "
  • highway authorities
    • ", + "
  • bridge and structure owners like Network Rail
    • ", + "

    You can use Highways England\u2019s electronic service delivery for abnormal loads (ESDAL) to:

    ", + "
  • plot your route
    • ", + "
  • notify the police, highways and bridge authorities of your abnormal load movements around the road network
    • ", + "
  • get advance notice of any possible route problems
    • ", + "
  • save vehicle details and routes for future use
    • ", + "

    If you do not use ESDAL you must fill in an abnormal loads movement application form.

    ", + "

    Give advance notice

    ", + "

    You must allow time to get the necessary clearances from the police, highway and bridge authorities. For example, a Special Order application must be completed 10 weeks before the scheduled date of the move.

    ", + "

    Read the factsheet for notice requirements.

    ", + "

    Taking an abnormal load abroad

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking an abnormal load outside the UK, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • register your trailer
    • ", + "
  • get an abnormal load trailer keeper\u2019s certificate
    • ", + "

    Check if a load is abnormal in another country

    ", + "

    Some countries measure abnormal loads differently from the UK.

    ", + "

    Check with each country you\u2019re travelling through to find out if the load you\u2019re transporting counts as abnormal - if it does, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • get an abnormal load trailer keeper\u2019s certificate
    • ", + "
  • keep the certificate in your vehicle - you\u2019ll need to show it at the border
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "PSV (Public Service Vehicle) operator licences", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/psv-operator-licences", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need a public service vehicle (PSV) operator\u2019s licence to:

    ", + "
  • operate a vehicle for hire or reward (payment or payment in kind) that can carry 9 or more passengers
    • ", + "
  • operate a smaller vehicle carrying passengers and charging separate fares for the journey
    • ", + "

    Read PSV437, PSV operator licensing: a guide for operators.

    ", + "

    Types of PSV licence

    ", + "

    There are 4 types of PSV operator licences, plus special licensing rules in London.

    ", + "

    Standard licence - national operations only

    ", + "

    You can only operate in Great Britain if you apply for a standard licence. Most full-time commercial operators use standard licences.

    ", + "

    Standard licence - national and international operations

    ", + "

    This kind of licence lets you take passengers abroad as well as within Great Britain.

    ", + "

    Restricted licence

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a restricted licence for small-scale operations. They allow you to use 1 or 2 vehicles, and neither can carry more than 8 passengers.

    ", + "

    You can carry up to 16 passengers in either vehicle if you do not use it as part of a passenger transport business, or you\u2019re operating your vehicles as a sideline and not as your main job.

    ", + "

    Special restricted licence

    ", + "

    Special restricted licences are used to operate a licensed taxi on a local service. You can only apply for this licence if you\u2019re a licensed taxi operator. A local service is one where:

    ", + "
  • stops are no more than 24.15 kilometres (15 miles) apart
    • ", + "
  • at least one stop is within the area of the district council that issued your taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV) licence
    • ", + "

    The service must be registered with the local Traffic Commissioner.

    ", + "

    Licensing in London

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a London Service Permit to run a private bus or coach service in London.

    ", + "

    Taxis and private hire services in London are licensed by Transport for London (TfL).

    ", + "

    How to apply for a PSV licence

    ", + "

    You can apply for a PSV operator\u2019s licence online. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 7 weeks.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to operate a vehicle before your licence has been issued.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your licence it will not have an expiry date, but you\u2019ll be asked to confirm your details every 5 years. The Traffic Commissioner\u2019s Office will get in touch with you to check them. You\u2019ll need to pay a continuation fee if you\u2019ve got a special restricted (taxi) licence.

    ", + "

    The Traffic Commissioner can suspend or revoke your licence if they suspect you\u2019ve been breaking its terms.

    ", + "

    You must also tell the Traffic Commissioner if your circumstances change.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "Type of licence | Fees", + "Application for a standard licence | \u00a3209", + "Application for a restricted licence | \u00a3209", + "Application for a special restricted (taxi) licence | \u00a361", + "Continuation fee for a special restricted (taxi) licence (payable every 5 years) | \u00a361", + "Make changes to a licence | \u00a3122", + "

    Ways you can pay

    ", + "

    Pay for your licence online, by phone or by post.

    ", + "

    Paying online

    ", + "

    You can pay any application or licence fees when you apply for a vehicle operator licence online.

    ", + "

    Paying by phone

    ", + "

    You can pay by phone by calling the DVSA helpline.

    ", + "

    Paying by post

    ", + "

    Send a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVSA\u2019 to the Central Licensing Office.

    ", + "

    Making changes to your PSV licence

    ", + "

    You can make changes to your PSV operator\u2019s licence once you have it, for example add more vehicles to it.

    ", + "

    You can update your licence online.

    ", + "

    You can make most changes to your licence for free. You must pay \u00a3122 if you want to:

    ", + "
  • increase the vehicle limit on your licence
    • ", + "
  • upgrade your licence from standard national to standard international and increase the vehicle limit at the same time
    • ", + "

    Changes of circumstance

    ", + "

    You must tell the Traffic Commissioner within 28 days if:

    ", + "
  • there\u2019s any change to the correspondence address of the business
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s any change to the establishment address (standard licences only)
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s any change in the address of your operating centres
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s any change in the trading name of the business
    • ", + "
  • any of the persons named on the licence have died - you may need a new licence
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s been a change of partners if it\u2019s a partnership firm - you may need a new licence
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s been a change of transport managers
    • ", + "
  • you, your transport manager, officers employees or agents have any relevant convictions
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s been any other change that the Traffic Commissioner asked you to report as a condition of getting your licence
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to tell the Traffic Commissioner if there\u2019s been a change in the \u2018legal entity\u2019 of your business, for example if:

    ", + "
  • your company changes from being a sole trader or partnership to a limited company
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s been a change in your registered company number
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s been a change of directors or change in share holding
    • ", + "

    Send details of any changes to the Office of the Traffic Commissioner\u2019s Central Licensing Office at the DVSA.

    ", + "

    Appealing a decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal if your application for a PSV operator licence is refused.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send a written notice of appeal to the Upper Tribunal, Administrative Appeals Chamber. There is no fee.

    ", + "

    Your notice of appeal needs to be received within one month of the Traffic Commissioner\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Guidance on making an appeal

    ", + "

    Download detailed Tribunals Service guidance on making an appeal.

    ", + "

    Appealing an Upper Tribunal decision

    ", + "

    If your appeal is unsuccessful and you think that the decision is wrong, you can appeal to the Court of Appeal (England and Wales) or the Court of Session (Scotland).

    ", + "

    You must have permission from the Upper Tribunal, or if the Upper Tribunal refuses, from the Court.

    ", + "

    Your application for permission to appeal must be received within 1 month of the original appeal decision.

    ", + "

    Download detailed guidance about appealing an Upper Tribunal decision.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Run a local bus service", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/run-local-bus-service", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A local bus service uses public service vehicles (PSVs) to carry passengers who pay separate fares over short distances.

    ", + "

    The route can be any length, as long as passengers can get off within 15 miles (measured in a straight line) of where they got on.

    ", + "

    You must usually register with the local authority and the local traffic commissioner if you\u2019re operating a local service outside London - there are some exceptions.

    ", + "

    You need a London Service Permit to run a service in London.

    ", + "

    Who can register

    ", + "

    You can register a local bus service if you:

    ", + "
  • hold a valid PSV operator\u2019s licence
    • ", + "
  • hold a community bus permit
    • ", + "
  • are a local education authority and want to provide a local service using a school bus belonging to you
    • ", + "

    Taxi or private hire vehicle owners can also register by getting a special PSV operator\u2019s licence.

    ", + "

    Before you register

    ", + "

    Before registering a local bus service you should consider if:

    ", + "
  • your route is suitable
    • ", + "
  • you have the right sort of vehicles
    • ", + "
  • you can keep to the timetable given the traffic conditions on route
    • ", + "
  • you have enough drivers to cover absences though sicknesses, holidays, etc
    • ", + "
  • you have replacement vehicles if other vehicles are off-road
    • ", + "
  • there are any traffic regulation conditions \u2013 contact your local traffic area office
    • ", + "
  • a Quality Partnership or Quality Contract Scheme exists - contact your local transport authority
    • ", + "

    You must run the service just as you have registered it, even if staff members are ill or a vehicle is off the road. There are penalties if you do not.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    You must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re starting a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.

    ", + "

    Apply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service starts - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.

    ", + "

    This notice period begins on the day when the traffic commissioner accepts your application.

    ", + "

    Holders of a \u2018Section 22\u2019 community bus permit must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice in England and Wales, and 56 days in Scotland.

    ", + "

    If you want to start the service sooner you must complete a supplementary form. The traffic commissioner decides whether or not to agree to this.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re planning a service in Strathclyde, you must also give notice to the Strathclyde Partnership for Transport 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a360 to register a local bus service
    • ", + "
  • \u00a313 to register a community bus service
    • ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can register through the electronic bus service registration (EBSR) system. Telephone the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) helpline for information on how to do this.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    Print off and fill in the application form for the type of service you want to run:

    ", + "
  • PSV350 - application to register a bus service (England, Wales and Scotland)
    • ", + "
  • Application to register a local bus service with a flexible route
    • ", + "
  • PSV350A - supplementary form: application to start, change or cancel a registered bus service with less than 56 days\u2019 notice (England, Wales and Scotland)
    • ", + "

    Where to send the form

    ", + "

    Send the form and fees to:

    ", + "
  • Central Licensing Office - for England and Wales (except London)
    • ", + "
  • Office of the Traffic Commissioner \u2013 for Scotland
    • ", + "

    Other people you must tell

    ", + "

    You must also send copies to:

    ", + "
  • all councils your route passes through - for example the county council, shire council, unitary authority
    • ", + "
  • the relevant Passenger Transport Executive if there is one
    • ", + "

    Getting help

    ", + "

    Read the following guides for more information on:

    ", + "
  • local bus service registration: guide for operators (England, Scotland and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • the registration of flexibly routed local bus services: guide for operators
    • ", + "

    Change or cancel a bus service

    ", + "

    Apply to the local authority and the traffic commissioner if you want to:

    ", + "
  • change a timetable, route or other detail of your service
    • ", + "
  • cancel the service
    • ", + "

    You must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re changing or cancelling a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.

    ", + "

    Apply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service changes or stops - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.

    ", + "

    Holders of a section 22 community bus permit must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice in England and Wales, and 56 days in Scotland.

    ", + "

    If you want to make the changes or cancel the service sooner, you must fill in a supplementary form (England, Scotland or Wales). The traffic commissioner decides whether or not to agree to this.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a360 to change a local bus service
    • ", + "
  • \u00a313 to change a community bus service
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for a cancellation.

    ", + "

    Application and supplementary forms

    ", + "

    Print off and fill in the application and supplementary forms to:

    ", + "
  • change or cancel a registered bus service (England, Scotland or Wales)
    • ", + "
  • change or cancel a registered bus service with less than 56 days notice (England, Scotland or Wales)
    • ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not have to register a bus service if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • someone other than you or your agent is responsible for arranging the journey and bringing the passengers together
    • ", + "
  • the journey is not advertised in advance to the general public
    • ", + "
  • all passengers travel together to or from the same place - for example a school or factory
    • ", + "
  • passengers pay the same fare no matter how far they travel
    • ", + "

    School or college bus services

    ", + "

    If you operate a bus service provided by a local education authority in England or Wales, you may not have to register it.

    ", + "

    You do not need to register a service if the only passengers who pay fares are either:

    ", + "
  • studying at a school or college
    • ", + "
  • supervising pupils or students
    • ", + "
  • teachers or assistants working at the school or college
    • ", + "

    If other people can also use the service, it must be registered.

    ", + "

    Other exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not need to register:

    ", + "
  • a replacement bus service (for example when a train service is temporarily cancelled and a bus is used instead) provided under an agreement with the Secretary of State, the Scottish Ministers or the National Assembly for Wales
    • ", + "
  • excursions or tours - unless they operate once a week or more for at least 6 weeks in a row
    • ", + "

    An excursion or tour is where passengers travel together on a journey, with or without breaks, from one or more places to one or more places and back.

    ", + "

    Traffic regulation conditions

    ", + "

    The local council can ask the traffic commissioner to impose conditions on your licence. The traffic commissioner will decide if conditions are needed to:

    ", + "
  • prevent dangers to other road users
    • ", + "
  • reduce traffic congestion
    • ", + "
  • limit environmental pollution
    • ", + "

    The conditions could affect:

    ", + "
  • your bus routes
    • ", + "
  • where you can stop
    • ", + "
  • when you can stop and for how long
    • ", + "
  • where you can turn or reverse
    • ", + "
  • the number of vehicles, their type or their frequency
    • ", + "

    In some cases the conditions will start straight away.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if conditions have been imposed and they\u2019ll be added to your licence.

    ", + "

    You cannot meet the conditions

    ", + "

    You must change the registration within 28 days if you cannot run your service under the conditions. You will not have to pay a fee if you change the registration because of these conditions. You must meet the conditions until the change of registration takes effect.

    ", + "

    You disagree with the conditions

    ", + "

    You can ask for a public inquiry within 28 days if you disagree with the traffic commissioner\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s against the law to disobey traffic regulation conditions.

    ", + "

    Penalties for poor service

    ", + "

    Once you have registered your service you must run it:

    ", + "
  • at the times you\u2019ve said it would run
    • ", + "
  • along the route you\u2019ve registered
    • ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    If you do not run a reliable or punctual service the traffic commissioner can stop you from running the service - or even running any services at all.

    ", + "

    The traffic commissioner can also fine you. The size of the fine is based on the number of vehicles you\u2019re licensed to use.

    ", + "

    If you provide the local bus service in England and Wales, you may also have to:

    ", + "
  • spend money on providing or improving local services or facilities
    • ", + "
  • compensate passengers
    • ", + "

    You can appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you disagree with the traffic commissioner\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Read more about the standards for local bus services and how traffic commissioners expect you to operate.

    ", + "

    Register a bus service in London

    ", + "

    To run a bus service in London you must have a London Service Permit. Permits last for 5 years and you must normally apply at least 3 months before starting the service.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a shorter period of notice if Transport for London (TfL) agrees.

    ", + "

    Concessionary fares

    ", + "

    You may be eligible to take part in a concessionary fare scheme. This reimburses you for carrying passengers who get discounted travel, such as:

    ", + "
  • older people
    • ", + "
  • disabled people
    • ", + "
  • children
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council for more information on taking part.

    ", + "

    Some councils offer a voluntary membership scheme for operators. Others have a compulsory scheme.

    ", + "

    Find out more

    ", + "

    Find out more about concessionary fare schemes for:

    ", + "
  • England
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "

    Grants for local bus services

    ", + "

    You might qualify for the Bus Service Operator\u2019s Grant (in England or Scotland) or the Regional Transport Services Grant (in Wales) if you provide a service where:

    ", + "
  • at least half the seats are available to and regularly used by the general public
    • ", + "
  • stops on the route are in places that people are likely to use reasonably often - fixed bus stops or otherwise
    • ", + "
  • single journey fares are reasonably priced
    • ", + "
  • fares can be paid conveniently
    • ", + "
  • the bus does not have signs or any other indication that it\u2019s not available to the general public
    • ", + "
  • information about the service, its route and timetable is accessible to the general public
    • ", + "
  • advance bookings of flexible services do not deter people who want to make a single journey
    • ", + "

    There are slightly different conditions if your bus service is intended for transporting pupils, people with disabilities or elderly people.

    ", + "

    Read more about the Bus Service Operator\u2019s Grant (England and Scotland).

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Contact the helpline for your area.

    ", + "

    England

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    Wales

    ", + "

    The grant is administered through the Regional Transport Consortia:

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Operator Compliance Risk Score (OCRS)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/operator-compliance-risk-score", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a vehicle operator, your drivers might be stopped at the roadside by the police or the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for vehicle inspections.

    ", + "

    DVSA use the Operator Compliance Risk Score (OCRS) system to decide which vehicles should be inspected.

    ", + "

    OCRS is used to calculate the risk of an operator not following the rules on roadworthiness (the condition of its vehicles) and traffic, eg drivers\u2019 hours, weighing checks.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s more likely that your vehicles will be inspected if your OCRS is high.

    ", + "

    How the system works

    ", + "

    The Operator Compliance Risk Score (OCRS) system is based on data collected by DVSA over a 3-year rolling period.

    ", + "

    Data is taken from annual tests, roadside inspections and inspections at operators\u2019 premises.

    ", + "

    You get scores split into 2 categories, and a combined score.

    ", + "Category | Where the data comes from", + "Roadworthiness | Vehicle tests (first tests, subsequent annual tests); \u2018vehicle encounters\u2019 (fleet check inspections at operator premises, roadside inspections)", + "Traffic | Roadside inspections and prosecutions (for example, for drivers\u2019 hours and tachograph offences, weighing checks)", + "

    As an operator you get points when a test or inspection finds a defect or infringement of the rules. The more serious the defect or infringement, the more points.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a score, which will be shown as R (red - highest risk), A (amber - medium risk) or G (green - lowest risk).

    ", + "

    The guidance on the OCRS system explains how the scores are worked out.

    ", + "

    You might have no score if DVSA doesn\u2019t have any data for you from the past 3 years.

    ", + "

    You can check your OCRS score, view test histories and roadside check reports online.

    ", + "

    Operators outside Great Britain

    ", + "

    DVSA has a non-GB OCRS system for operators based outside Great Britain. It\u2019s based on data captured at the roadside - this is because there is no annual test or prosecution data available.

    ", + "

    How your score can change

    ", + "

    Because your Operator Compliance Risk Score (OCRS) is calculated over a 3-year rolling period, it can change after inspections, tests or prosecutions against you.

    ", + "

    DVSA calls these \u2018encounters\u2019. Your score could change if you:

    ", + "
  • commit a new offence or have a defect recorded against you at inspection (this has a negative effect on your score)
    • ", + "
  • have a \u2018clear encounter\u2019 - eg you pass an inspection without any problems (this has a positive effect on your score)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re prosecuted by DVSA you\u2019ll get points from the date of prosecution, not the date of the offence.

    ", + "

    The lower your OCRS is, the better.

    ", + "

    Old encounters

    ", + "

    Your score also changes as old encounters that previously counted towards your score no longer count once they\u2019re not in the OCRS calculation period.

    ", + "

    If you had clear encounters included in your score and these are now outside the calculation period, this might mean your score goes up. But if you had negative encounters included and these no longer count, your score might go down.

    ", + "

    Year weightings

    ", + "

    The impact of an offence or defect decreases over the 3-year time period.

    ", + "

    For the first 12 months after the offence or defect, its score stays the same. After 12 months it falls by a quarter and then it\u2019s halved in the final 12 months.

    ", + "

    Other changes

    ", + "

    There are a number of \u2018parameters\u2019 that feed into your OCRS. DVSA sets these and can change them at any time - this has an impact on your score.

    ", + "

    The parameters are:

    ", + "
  • points for offences and defects
    • ", + "
  • points for prosecutions
    • ", + "
  • time weightings
    • ", + "
  • band thresholds (these determine whether you\u2019re in the red, amber or green band)
    • ", + "
  • trigger events and time periods
    • ", + "

    The values for all parameters are available in the guidance on the OCRS system.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Setting up an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-an-approved-tachograph-centre", + "contents": [ + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    If you want to set up an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC), you will need to read the ATC manual and fill in form GV207.

    ", + "

    Send your application to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for the form and manual.

    ", + "

    Costs and equipment

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3361 to register as an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC)
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3148 to renew your registration each year
    • ", + "

    You can register to work on analogue tachographs, digital tachographs, or both.

    ", + "

    Equipment

    ", + "

    The ATC manual tells you what equipment you\u2019ll need to buy.

    ", + "

    Who can work for you

    ", + "

    You can only employ \u2018nominated technicians\u2019 to carry out work at an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC). They must be skilled technicians with experience working on tachographs.

    ", + "

    If they need to road test vehicles, they must also have a driving licence for the relevant categories of vehicles they\u2019re testing.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to hold a \u2018certificate of competence\u2019 for each class of tachograph (digital, analogue or both) that they want to work on.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll get this only after they\u2019ve successfully completed a DVSA-approved training course. You\u2019ll find details in the ATC manual.

    ", + "

    Tachograph workshop smart cards

    ", + "

    A tachograph workshop card is used to calibrate digital tachographs. To be eligible for a workshop card, you must:

    ", + "
  • be a nominated technician working at an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC) with digital status
    • ", + "
  • hold a digital training certificate
    • ", + "

    Tachograph workshop cards are issued free of charge. They are automatically renewed every year on 31 March.

    ", + "

    The cards are issued to a nominated technician, not to a centre - this means that only the individual who has the card can use it.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the nominated technician and you work at 2 workshops, you\u2019ll need a card for each workshop.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Print off and fill in form D778B and send it to DVSA, with a copy of an up-to-date analogue and digital training certificate.

    ", + "

    Once DVSA has checked and approved your application it will be forwarded to the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), who will issue your card to the ATC where you work.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a PIN code to use a workshop card. This will be sent to your home address, and must only be used by you.

    ", + "

    If you enter the wrong PIN code 5 times in a row it will lock the card and you\u2019ll need to apply for a new card using form D778B. You\u2019ll also be issued with a new PIN code

    ", + "

    Read \u2018How to fill in your application for a digital tachograph workshop card (D778B)\u2019 before you fill in the form.

    ", + "

    For more help, contact the DVSA helpline.

    ", + "

    Working with tachograph workshop cards

    ", + "

    Workshop cards can hold:

    ", + "
  • details of 88 calibrations
    • ", + "
  • a small amount of events and faults data
    • ", + "

    A workshop card must not be used instead of a company card. If you have a card used by your calibration centre, this must only be used in accordance with the tachograph centre\u2019s duties and not as a substitute company card.

    ", + "

    All insertions of a card are recorded on the vehicle unit and the card.

    ", + "

    Renewal of workshop cards

    ", + "

    DVLA sends a renewal list to DVSA 2 months before a card\u2019s expiry. This is then checked and returned to DVLA with details of technicians whose cards can be renewed.

    ", + "

    You must report any lost or stolen cards to DVSA and the police immediately.

    ", + "

    If your card is lost or stolen, you can apply for a replacement by printing off and filling in form D778B to DVSA. You\u2019ll need to provide a police incident reference number for stolen cards.

    ", + "

    If your card stops working

    ", + "

    Try using the card in a different vehicle unit. If it still does not work, print off and fill in form D778B and sent it with the faulty card to DVSA to get a new card.

    ", + "

    Any misuse of workshop cards may lead to the withdrawal of your nominated technician and tachograph centre\u2019s approval.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Vehicle licences for taxis or private hire vehicles", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taxi-vehicle-licence", + "contents": [ + "

    Where to apply

    ", + "

    To operate your vehicle as a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV) you need to get it licensed.

    ", + "

    There are different ways for you apply depending on whether you\u2019ll operate:

    ", + "
  • outside London
    • ", + "
  • inside London
    • ", + "

    There is a different process for Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Outside London

    ", + "

    You must get your taxi or private hire vehicle inspected and licensed by your local council.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to apply for a vehicle licence.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must get a licence for each vehicle. The vehicle must have no more than 8 passenger seats.

    ", + "

    Inspections and insurance

    ", + "

    The council may check your vehicle to make sure:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s roadworthy
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s comfortable and clean
    • ", + "
  • the taximeter works properly
    • ", + "
  • the doors are safe and secure
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need insurance that:

    ", + "
  • covers you for hire and reward
    • ", + "
  • includes you as the named driver
    • ", + "

    The council decides how often it tests vehicles but can\u2019t test more than 3 times in a year.

    ", + "

    You must fix any problems within 2 months of failing a test. You can lose your vehicle licence if you don\u2019t.

    ", + "

    Conditions

    ", + "

    The council can attach conditions to vehicle licences. These might include:

    ", + "
  • the colour scheme of your vehicle
    • ", + "
  • the use of roof signs
    • ", + "
  • use of a taximeter
    • ", + "

    Refusals and appeals

    ", + "

    The council can refuse your application if:

    ", + "
  • your vehicle doesn\u2019t meet certain criteria
    • ", + "
  • you don\u2019t accept conditions it gives you
    • ", + "
  • it wants to control the number of taxis in the area
    • ", + "

    When the council makes its decision it will explain your right to appeal if:

    ", + "
  • your application for a vehicle licence has been refused
    • ", + "
  • the licensing authority has suspended, revoked or refused to renew a vehicle licence
    • ", + "

    You appeal to a crown court about a taxi licence decision or to a magistrates court about a private hire vehicle decision.

    ", + "

    Inside London

    ", + "

    Taxis and private hire vehicles (PHV) in London must be inspected and licensed by Transport for London (TfL).

    ", + "

    Vehicle licences for London taxis

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Your taxi must be inspected by TfL to get your vehicle licence.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must meet the eligibility criteria set by TfL for your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Vehicle licences for private hire vehicles

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    If you want to use a vehicle for private hire work, you\u2019ll need to have it licensed by TfL.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your PHV must:

    ", + "
  • have no more than 8 passenger seats
    • ", + "
  • not look like a licensed taxi, eg London-style \u2018black cab\u2019
    • ", + "
  • only display advertising that complies with TfL guidelines
    • ", + "
  • display licence discs - although exemptions are sometimes granted
    • ", + "

    Get your vehicle inspected

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will need to be inspected by TfL.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Provide driving tests for your employees", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/provide-driving-tests-for-your-employees", + "contents": [ + "

    Who can provide driving tests

    ", + "

    Driving tests are usually provided by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).

    ", + "

    You can apply to DVSA for permission for your own staff to provide driving tests for your employees if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • bus or haulage operating licence holder
    • ", + "
  • police service
    • ", + "
  • fire and rescue service
    • ", + "

    Your staff providing driving tests will be known as \u2018delegated driving examiners\u2019.

    ", + "

    Tests that can be provided

    ", + "

    Delegated driving examiners are allowed to provide theory and practical driving tests for drivers of:

    ", + "
  • lorries
    • ", + "
  • buses and coaches
    • ", + "
  • cars and trailers
    • ", + "
  • emergency service vehicles
    • ", + "

    Lorry, bus and coach companies

    ", + "

    Delegated driving examiners working for lorry, bus and coach companies can test:

    ", + "
  • an employee
    • ", + "
  • an employee of a sister company
    • ", + "

    As a delegated driving examiner, you cannot test someone you\u2019ve trained.

    ", + "

    Emergency services

    ", + "

    Delegated driving examiners working for police services and fire and rescue services can test:

    ", + "
  • an employee
    • ", + "
  • an employee from the same type of service in a different area
    • ", + "

    The same delegated driving examiner can provide tests for both a police service and a fire and rescue service, but both must appoint them with DVSA.

    ", + "

    Rules for your driving examiners

    ", + "

    When deciding whether to give permission for someone to provide driving tests, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) looks at if they:

    ", + "
  • have a full driving licence for the type of vehicle they\u2019re testing in
    • ", + "
  • have had any convictions in the last 3 years
    • ", + "
  • have been disqualified from driving
    • ", + "
  • have any court proceedings pending against them
    • ", + "
  • have any penalty points on their licence
    • ", + "

    Qualifying as a delegated driving examiner

    ", + "

    Your employees must then:

    ", + "
  • complete an initial training course
    • ", + "
  • reach an appropriate standard in the delegated driving examiner theory and practical tests
    • ", + "

    DVSA will send you more information about the qualifying process when you apply to provide driving tests.

    ", + "

    Apply to provide driving tests

    ", + "

    You must email the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get permission to provide driving tests.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently contact DVSA by telephone or post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You must include information about your organisation, the tests you want to provide, and the people you want to appoint as delegated driving examiners.

    ", + "

    Your organisation

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • the full name of the organisation
    • ", + "
  • the registered address or headquarters address (if you\u2019re not a registered company)
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your certificate of incorporation if you\u2019re a registered company
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your operator licence (if you have one)
    • ", + "
  • the name, position and contact details of the main contact in your organisation for driving tests
    • ", + "
  • confirmation that you, as the person submitting the application, is an approved signatory for the purposes of the application
    • ", + "

    The tests you want to provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • details of the locations at which testing would take place
    • ", + "
  • the categories of tests you want to provide, for example, \u2018category D - bus\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the type of tests you want to provide, for example, licence acquisition theory test, licence acquisition practical test and so on
    • ", + "
  • details of where the records about the tests would be stored
    • ", + "
  • an estimate of the minimum number of tests you\u2019ll provide in the 12 months following your approval
    • ", + "

    The people you want to appoint as examiners

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include the full names and driving licence numbers of the people you want to appoint as delegated driving examiners.

    ", + "

    When DVSA gets your application

    ", + "

    DVSA will tell you its decision about your application within 10 working days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get information about:

    ", + "
  • the qualifying process
    • ", + "
  • the detailed rules about providing theory and practical driving tests
    • ", + "
  • the detailed rules about recording tests that you provide
    • ", + "

    You can email DVSA if you need more information.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Become an MOT tester", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-an-mot-tester", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "
  • Check that you meet the eligibility rules to become an MOT tester.
    • ", + "
  • Take an MOT tester qualification course.
    • ", + "
  • Pass a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency MOT demonstration test.
    • ", + "

    You can then start carrying out MOT tests at an authorised testing station.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to take training and an assessment each year when you\u2019re qualified.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To take an MOT testing course you must:

    ", + "
  • have a current and full UK driving licence for the vehicle classes you want to test
    • ", + "
  • be a skilled mechanic with at least 4 years\u2019 full-time employment servicing and repairing the types of vehicles you\u2019re going to test
    • ", + "
  • have no unspent convictions for criminal offences
    • ", + "
  • be \u2018of good repute\u2019 - the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency will decide this to make sure you\u2019re suitable to be an MOT tester
    • ", + "

    To become a class 3 or 5 MOT tester you must also have already:

    ", + "
  • got a level 2 testing certificate in class 4 and 7 vehicles (group B)
    • ", + "
  • passed an MOT demonstration test after getting your level 2 certificate
    • ", + "

    You must have an accepted qualification or accreditation if you want to test class 3, 4, 5 or 7 vehicles (cars, private buses and light commercial vehicles).

    ", + "

    Common qualifications or accreditations

    ", + "

    Check the full list of accepted qualifications and accreditations.

    ", + "

    National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs), Scottish Vocational Qualifications (SVQs) and Vocationally Related Qualifications (VRQs)

    ", + "

    You can take the MOT testing course if you have a VRQ, NVQ or SVQ in:

    ", + "
  • Vehicle Mechanical and Electronic Systems, Maintenance and Repair (light vehicle or heavy vehicle), level 3
    • ", + "
  • Vehicle Technician, Vehicle Maintenance and Repair (light vehicle or heavy vehicle), level 3
    • ", + "

    City and Guilds

    ", + "

    You can take the MOT testing course if you have a City and Guilds qualification in:

    ", + "
  • Automotive Qualification, NVQ level 3
    • ", + "
  • Repair and Servicing of Road Vehicles, 383 (full level 2 or 3)
    • ", + "
  • Motor Vehicle Craft Studies, modular - part 3 (requires 3 modules)
    • ", + "
  • Motor Vehicle Craft Studies, 381 (full part 2 or 3)
    • ", + "
  • Motor Vehicle Craft Studies, pre 381 syllabus (full part 2)
    • ", + "
  • Light or Heavy Vehicle Mechanics Craft Studies (full part 2 or 3)
    • ", + "
  • Motor Vehicle Technician\u2019s Certificate (full part 1)
    • ", + "

    Other qualifications

    ", + "

    You can also take the MOT testing course if you have one of these qualifications:

    ", + "
  • IMI level 3 National Diploma in Vehicle Maintenance and Repair (light vehicle or heavy vehicle)
    • ", + "
  • National Craft Certification with a specialism of Vehicle Maintenance and Electronic Systems
    • ", + "
  • Business and Technology Education Council (BTEC), National Certificate or Ordinary National Certificate (ONC) in Motor Vehicle Engineering studies
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Vocational Educational Council National Certificate in Vehicle Mechanics and Systems (part 3)
    • ", + "

    Accreditations

    ", + "

    You can take the MOT testing course if you have an Automotive Technician Accreditation (ATA) in:

    ", + "
  • Light Vehicle Diagnostic Technician
    • ", + "
  • Light Vehicle Inspection Technician
    • ", + "

    You must have a valid ATA accreditation ID card. You\u2019ll have received this when you got your qualification.

    ", + "

    You can also take the course if you have an ABC Awards Accreditation in Vehicle Technician Accredited Assessment.

    ", + "

    MOT tester course (class 1, 2, 4 and 7)

    ", + "

    You must successfully complete an MOT tester qualification course to become an MOT tester.

    ", + "

    Before the course

    ", + "

    You need to show that you\u2019re eligible to become an MOT tester.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Find an MOT tester qualification course and book it with the course provider.

    ", + "

    You have to pay to take the course. The prices vary and are set by each course provider.

    ", + "

    What the course involves

    ", + "

    The course will cover theory and practical training on being an MOT tester.

    ", + "

    The course lasts at least 29 hours. You\u2019ll spend at least 8 hours doing practical training.

    ", + "

    There are 5 parts to the course:

    ", + "
  • safe working practices in the vehicle test centre
    • ", + "
  • working relationships within the vehicle test centre
    • ", + "
  • managing your own professional development as an MOT tester
    • ", + "
  • carrying out pre-test checks for an MOT test
    • ", + "
  • carrying out an MOT test
    • ", + "

    Assessments in the course

    ", + "

    The course also includes:

    ", + "
  • a multiple-choice question test
    • ", + "
  • a practical assessment
    • ", + "

    You have to pass both to successfully complete the course.

    ", + "

    Your course provider will give you more information on how their course works.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve done the course

    ", + "

    When you complete the course you get a Level 2 MOT Testing Award in either:

    ", + "
  • class 1 and 2 vehicles (group A)
    • ", + "
  • class 4 and 7 vehicles (group B)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a certificate which you need to book and take a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency MOT demonstration test.

    ", + "

    MOT demonstration test (class 1, 2, 4 and 7)

    ", + "

    You must pass an MOT demonstration test when you\u2019ve got your level 2 MOT testing certificate.

    ", + "

    You can do the demonstration test at either:

    ", + "
  • the training centre where you took the qualification course
    • ", + "
  • an MOT testing station you work at (that\u2019s open and trading)
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay to do the demonstration test.

    ", + "

    Before you book the test

    ", + "

    Before you book the test, you need to:

    ", + "
  • read the MOT testing manuals and special notices
    • ", + "
  • practise your inspection routine
    • ", + "
  • practise using the test equipment with different vehicles
    • ", + "
  • watch an experienced tester test different vehicles
    • ", + "

    How to book the test

    ", + "

    You can book your demonstration test once you can carry out an MOT test without any help.

    ", + "
  • Sign in to the MOT testing service - your account should have been created when you did your qualification course.
    • ", + "
  • Go to the your profile section and select qualifications.
    • ", + "
  • Add your level 2 MOT testing certificate number, and choose where you want to do the demonstration test - you\u2019ll need the ID number of the training centre or testing station.
    • ", + "
  • Request a test by calling the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). You\u2019ll need your user ID from the MOT testing service and the name and ID number of the test location you chose in step 3.
    • ", + "
  • DVSA will call you to set a test date - this can take several weeks. If DVSA has not called you within 4 weeks, you can call them to get an update.
    • ", + "

    What to bring to the test

    ", + "

    When you take your test, make sure you bring:

    ", + "
  • a vehicle that\u2019s at least 3 years old, in the vehicle class you\u2019re being tested on
    • ", + "
  • your UK driving licence (if you do not have a photocard licence you also need to take photo ID, such as your passport)
    • ", + "
  • your level 2 MOT testing award certificate
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled if you do not bring these things with you.

    ", + "

    What happens at the test

    ", + "

    The DVSA examiner will explain what you\u2019ll have to do. They\u2019ll ask you to:

    ", + "
  • carry out a demonstration test
    • ", + "
  • record the result in a practice version of the MOT testing service
    • ", + "
  • answer some questions about the MOT
    • ", + "

    Test result

    ", + "

    If you pass the demonstration test you can start doing MOT tests at the testing stations where you\u2019re a registered tester. These are listed in the MOT testing service.

    ", + "

    If you fail the demonstration test, the examiner will give you feedback and tell you what to do next.

    ", + "

    Class 3 or 5 MOT tester training

    ", + "

    You need to do another training course and MOT demonstration test to become a class 3 or 5 MOT tester.

    ", + "

    Before the training course

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that you\u2019ve already:

    ", + "
  • got a level 2 testing certificate in class 4 and 7 vehicles (group B)
    • ", + "
  • passed an MOT demonstration test after getting your level 2 certificate
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can book a class 3 or 5 training course by contacting these approved course providers. The prices vary and are set by each course provider.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve done the course

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a certificate. You need this to book and take a DVSA MOT demonstration test before you can work as a class 3 or 5 MOT tester.

    ", + "

    Do not enter the certificate details on the MOT testing service.

    ", + "

    The demonstration test involves being tested by a DVSA examiner at either:

    ", + "
  • the training centre where you took the qualification course
    • ", + "
  • a testing centre that tests class 3 and 5 vehicles
    • ", + "

    Preparing for the test

    ", + "

    Prepare for the demonstration test by:

    ", + "
  • reading the MOT testing manuals and special notices
    • ", + "
  • practicing your inspection routine
    • ", + "
  • making sure you have all the necessary documents, for example your driving licence
    • ", + "

    How to book the test

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your MOT testing service user ID
    • ", + "
  • to know the vehicle test station (VTS) number where you want to have your test
    • ", + "

    Call DVSA to book your test.

    ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    A DVSA examiner will check your:

    ", + "
  • UK driving licence (if you do not have a photocard licence you also need to take photo ID, such as your passport)
    • ", + "
  • class 3 or 5 MOT training certificate
    • ", + "

    The examiner will explain what you\u2019ll have to do. They\u2019ll ask you to:

    ", + "
  • carry out a demonstration test
    • ", + "
  • record the result in the training version of the MOT testing service
    • ", + "
  • answer some questions about the MOT
    • ", + "

    Test result

    ", + "

    If you pass the demonstration test you\u2019ll be able to do either class 3 or 5 MOT tests at testing stations authorised to test these classes.

    ", + "

    If you fail the demonstration test, the examiner will give you feedback and tell you what to do next.

    ", + "

    Annual training and assessment

    ", + "

    You must complete your training and pass an assessment between April and March every year, for example between April 2016 and March 2017.

    ", + "

    You choose when you do the training and assessment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be responsible for:

    ", + "
  • planning and doing your training
    • ", + "
  • recording your training and keeping evidence of it
    • ", + "
  • booking and taking the annual assessment
    • ", + "

    Returning to MOT testing

    ", + "

    You need to do more training and take a test if you\u2019re returning to MOT testing.

    ", + "

    What you have to do depends on:

    ", + "
  • why you stopped testing
    • ", + "
  • how long you stopped testing for
    • ", + "

    After a formal warning or disciplinary period

    ", + "

    You must complete all the steps before you can test again.

    ", + "

    Formal warning or disciplinary period of 28 days

    ", + "
  • Take the current year\u2019s annual training and assessment.
    • ", + "
  • Take extra training about the subjects you were disqualified for. For example, read the inspection manuals or take a training course. The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) can ask you for evidence you\u2019ve done it.
    • ", + "
  • Take a DVSA MOT demonstration test.
    • ", + "

    Disciplinary period of 2 or 5 years

    ", + "
  • Take an MOT tester qualification course.
    • ", + "
  • Take a DVSA MOT demonstration test.
    • ", + "

    If you stopped testing voluntarily

    ", + "

    You must complete all the steps before you can test again.

    ", + "

    Stopped for between 6 months and 5 years

    ", + "
  • Take the current year\u2019s annual training and assessment.
    • ", + "
  • Take extra training. For example, read the inspection manuals or take a training course. DVSA can ask you for evidence you\u2019ve done it.
    • ", + "
  • Take a \u2018returning to MOT testing\u2019 demonstration test. Call DVSA to book your test.
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give:

    ", + "
  • your MOT testing service user ID
    • ", + "
  • the number of the vehicle test station where you want to do the test
    • ", + "
  • the class of vehicle you want to test
    • ", + "

    Stopped for more than 5 years

    ", + "
  • Take an MOT tester qualification course.
    • ", + "
  • Take a DVSA MOT demonstration test.
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "MOT tester training and annual assessments", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mot-tester-training-assessments", + "contents": [ + "

    Staying qualified as an MOT tester

    ", + "

    You must complete training and pass an assessment between April and March every year.

    ", + "

    Your MOT tester status will be suspended if you do not pass the annual assessment.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "
  • Do at least 3 hours of training each year and 16 hours in 5 years.
    • ", + "
  • Keep a record of your training.
    • ", + "
  • Book and take your assessment.
    • ", + "

    If you pass the assessment, you\u2019ll get a certificate. You can check if your certificate has been uploaded in the \u2018Annual assessment certificates\u2019 section of your MOT testing service profile. Contact your training provider if it\u2019s not been recorded correctly.

    ", + "

    Training

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for planning and doing your training. You must keep a record of your training.

    ", + "

    You can train on your own or in a group by:

    ", + "
  • studying MOT inspection manuals, special notices and the testing guide
    • ", + "
  • discussing what you\u2019re learning with another tester (or group of testers)
    • ", + "
  • demonstrating what you\u2019re learning to another tester
    • ", + "
  • learning from a more experienced tester
    • ", + "

    You can also book a training course through one of these providers:

    ", + "
  • ABC Awards
    • ", + "
  • City & Guilds
    • ", + "
  • Institute of the Motor Industry
    • ", + "

    Check with the provider for the cost.

    ", + "

    What you need to study

    ", + "

    The topics you need to study depend on whether you test class 1 and 2 vehicles (\u2018group A\u2019) or class 3, 4, 5 and 7 vehicles (\u2018group B\u2019).

    ", + "

    Some topics are studied by both groups.

    ", + "

    Group A (class 1 and 2 vehicles)

    ", + "

    If you test vehicles in group A, you need to know about:

    ", + "
  • new vehicle technology
    • ", + "
  • MOT test procedures
    • ", + "
  • MOT testing requirements
    • ", + "
  • corrosion and standards of repair
    • ", + "
  • the MOT inspection manual for motorcycles and sidecars
    • ", + "

    Group B (class 3, 4, 5 and 7 vehicles)

    ", + "

    If you test vehicles in group B, you need to know about:

    ", + "
  • new vehicle technology
    • ", + "
  • MOT testing requirements
    • ", + "
  • corrosion and standards of repair
    • ", + "
  • the MOT inspection manual for cars and passenger vehicles
    • ", + "

    Groups A and B

    ", + "

    If you test vehicles in both group A and group B, you need to study all the topics. You also need to train for at least 6 hours a year (instead of 3) and take 2 annual assessments.

    ", + "

    Keeping a record of your training

    ", + "

    You have to keep records for 5 years.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to record:

    ", + "
  • the MOT annual training year (for example May 2021 to March 2022)
    • ", + "
  • the date of the training
    • ", + "
  • how long the training session lasted
    • ", + "
  • what topics you covered during the session
    • ", + "
  • notes on what you did, how you did it and what you learned
    • ", + "
  • what vehicle groups your training covered
    • ", + "
  • your name and MOT testing service user ID
    • ", + "

    You can use a template to record your training.

    ", + "

    Taking your assessment

    ", + "

    You can have your assessment at any point in the year, if you\u2019ve done your training.

    ", + "

    Book your assessment through one of these providers:

    ", + "
  • ABC awards
    • ", + "
  • Institute of the Motor Industry
    • ", + "

    You have to pay for the assessment - check the cost with the provider.

    ", + "

    What happens at the assessment

    ", + "

    You take the assessment online, for example at home or at the provider.

    ", + "

    The test is 30 multiple-choice questions. It usually takes around 1 hour.

    ", + "

    Read examples of the types of questions you\u2019ll be asked.

    ", + "

    You can use your notes and the MOT inspection manual during the assessment.

    ", + "

    After your assessment

    ", + "

    The pass mark for 1 May 2021 to 31 March 2022 is 80%.

    ", + "

    You get a certificate if you pass your assessment. Keep it with your training record.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass, there\u2019s no limit on how many times you can take the assessment during the same year.

    ", + "

    You must stop carrying out MOT tests if you have not passed by the end of the training year. Your MOT testing account will be suspended.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass your assessment in the training year

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to do the training and pass the annual assessment on the next year\u2019s topics. For example, if you did not pass the 2020 to 2021 assessment you will need to pass the 2021 to 2022 assessment.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve passed, you need to request and pass an MOT demonstration test. Your account will then be unsuspended.

    ", + "

    MOT demonstration tests are not taking place because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can still email DVSA to request an MOT demonstration test. DVSA will contact you when testing restarts.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • your MOT testing service user ID
    • ", + "
  • the MOT centre number of where you want to take the test
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve carried out an MOT test in the last 12 months, DVSA will unsuspend your account and you\u2019ll be able to do MOT tests again if you do the training and pass the 2021 to 2022 assessment. You will not need to do a demonstration test.

    ", + "

    Email DVSA if you\u2019ve carried out an MOT test in the last 12 months and have passed the 2021 to 2022 assessment, including:

    ", + "
  • your MOT testing service user ID
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your certificate and training record
    • ", + "
  • your MOT centre number
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Set up an MOT test station", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-an-mot-station", + "contents": [ + "

    What you need to set up and start testing

    ", + "

    You must meet a number of legal requirements if you want to set up an MOT test station.

    ", + "

    Set up the test station

    ", + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • suitable premises and approved equipment for the vehicle classes you want to test
    • ", + "
  • an authorised examiner (AE)
    • ", + "

    The AE is an individual, partnership or company authorised by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). The AE is responsible for making sure that:

    ", + "
  • MOT tests are properly conducted
    • ", + "
  • the test facilities and equipment are checked and well-maintained
    • ", + "
  • MOT documents are correctly stored and access to electronic MOT test systems is only given to eligible users
    • ", + "
  • the MOT testers are assessed correctly and complete training and assessments
    • ", + "
  • DVSA staff have access to the premises for checks on staff and equipment
    • ", + "
  • DVSA is informed about significant changes to the business within 7 working days
    • ", + "

    Start MOT testing

    ", + "

    Before you can carry out MOT testing you also need:

    ", + "
  • an MOT business manager (sometimes called an \u2018AE designated manager\u2019) who is in charge of all MOT testing by your business
    • ", + "
  • an MOT tester approved for the vehicle classes you want to test
    • ", + "

    The MOT business manager must have taken an approved course, for example the former 2-day DVSA course or a level 3 award in MOT Test Centre Management.

    ", + "

    Find an MOT manager qualification course and book it with the course provider.

    ", + "

    You have to pay to take the course. The price is set by the course provider.

    ", + "

    Apply for authorised examiner status

    ", + "

    You need an authorised examiner (AE) to set up an MOT test station. The AE can be an individual, partnership or company.

    ", + "

    AE status does not transfer with a business. If you\u2019re buying an existing MOT station, you need to apply for AE status in your own right.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Send form VT01 to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Use the same form if you already have AE status and want to open a test station.

    ", + "

    The application form has guidance notes explaining the information you need to include. There is no fee.

    ", + "

    If your application is refused, DVSA will write to you - you can appeal the decision and ask for a hearing by writing to DVSA within 14 days.

    ", + "

    When you must reapply

    ", + "

    You must reapply for AE status if your company is reconstructed in a way that means it\u2019s given a new company registration number.

    ", + "

    Equipment and premises

    ", + "

    You need to make sure that your equipment and premises are suitable for the vehicle classes you plan to test.

    ", + "

    Equipment

    ", + "

    You need to have a:

    ", + "
  • computer, laptop or tablet with internet connection
    • ", + "
  • printer
    • ", + "

    These need to met the minimum IT specification.

    ", + "

    Approved testing equipment

    ", + "

    Different classes of vehicle need different specialist test equipment.

    ", + "

    You must make sure you have at least the minimum level for each vehicle class you\u2019re approved to test.

    ", + "

    All equipment must be kept in good working order and calibrated properly.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use approved equipment for:

    ", + "
  • brake pedal application devices
    • ", + "
  • decelerometers
    • ", + "
  • diesel smoke meters
    • ", + "
  • exhaust gas analysers (catalyst vehicles)
    • ", + "
  • exhaust gas analysers (non-catalyst vehicles)
    • ", + "
  • headlamp aim testers
    • ", + "
  • plate brake testers
    • ", + "
  • roller brake testers
    • ", + "
  • tow bar socket testers
    • ", + "
  • tyre tread depth gauges
    • ", + "
  • wheel play detectors
    • ", + "

    There are 3 categories of decelerometers:

    ", + "
  • category A are approved for all classes of vehicle
    • ", + "
  • category B are approved for class 3, 4, 5 and 7 vehicles
    • ", + "
  • category C are approved for class 1 and 2 vehicles
    • ", + "

    You can download the lists of approved equipment.

    ", + "

    Premises

    ", + "

    You need to make sure your premises are suitable and testing bay sizes are correct for the vehicle classes you\u2019ll be testing. You can find the minimum standards in the MOT testing guide.

    ", + "

    Approval in principle

    ", + "

    Your premises will be given an approval in principle when you apply for authorised examiner (AE) status. This will help you avoid committing to expensive work or alterations before your premises are approved.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already got AE status and want to make changes to the test facilities, write to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you make any changes. Include supporting drawings, to show that the changes will not affect the testing station\u2019s approval.

    ", + "

    Meeting ongoing standards

    ", + "

    You must clearly and publicly display the MOT test fees and appeals poster (VT9A) in your station.

    ", + "

    You should conduct regular checks to make sure your MOT testing station meets the best practice standards at all times.

    ", + "

    Prepare for site reviews

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will carry out regular risk-based site reviews of your station to make sure you continue to meet the standards.

    ", + "

    This will involve checking your station is well maintained and that it offers clean and comfortable facilities, for example suitable customer waiting areas.

    ", + "

    Learn about changes to MOT rules

    ", + "

    DVSA uses \u2018special notices\u2019 to tell you about changes to the MOT scheme. Authorised examiners (AEs) receive these automatically within the online MOT testing service.

    ", + "

    If your service is not good enough

    ", + "

    DVSA can take disciplinary action or stop you operating as a testing station if your service is not good enough.

    ", + "

    If you lose AE status for disciplinary reasons, anyone else applying for AE status at the same test station must prove they\u2019re sufficiently independent from you.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Becoming a speed limiter centre", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/becoming-a-speed-limiter-centre", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A speed limiter centre installs or adjusts devices that limit how fast a vehicle can go.

    ", + "

    Usually, only existing vehicle dealerships will become a speed limiter centre.

    ", + "

    If you want to become a speed limiter centre, you\u2019ll need to get either:

    ", + "
  • approval from the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become an independent centre
    • ", + "
  • sponsored by a DVSA approved vehicle or speed limiter maker
    • ", + "

    Independent centres

    ", + "

    Fill in the application form and send it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    Inspections

    ", + "

    DVSA will inspect your premises, facilities and staff before approving your speed limiter centre.

    ", + "

    Approval

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive an authorisation letter from DVSA if your independent speed limiter centre is approved.

    ", + "

    Sponsored centres

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to be a sponsored vehicle dealership to become a sponsored speed limiter centre.

    ", + "

    Sponsors

    ", + "

    Sponsors are DVSA-approved makers or suppliers of either:

    ", + "
  • vehicles
    • ", + "
  • speed limiters
    • ", + "

    Once approved, sponsors are able to approve vehicle dealerships they already work with that want to become speed limiter centres.

    ", + "

    Get sponsored

    ", + "

    Contact the sponsors of your vehicle dealership to ask them if you can become a sponsored speed limiter centre.

    ", + "

    You can have more than 1 sponsor.

    ", + "

    Inspections

    ", + "

    Sponsors carry out regular checks on their approved agents equipment and also provide them with:

    ", + "
  • training
    • ", + "
  • technical support
    • ", + "
  • new equipment and software
    • ", + "

    Approval

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive an authorisation letter from your sponsor if they approve you as a sponsored speed limiter centre.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Approved driving instructor (ADI) part 1 test", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-1-test", + "contents": [ + "

    Booking your test

    ", + "

    You can book your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 1 test when your application to start the ADI qualifying process has been accepted.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s the first of 3 tests you have to pass to qualify as an ADI. It\u2019s a theory test.

    ", + "

    There are 2 parts to the test:

    ", + "
  • multiple-choice questions
    • ", + "
  • hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road
    • ", + "

    You book and take them as a single test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + "

    The ADI part 1 test works differently in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Change or check your test details

    ", + "

    You can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.

    ", + "

    Rebook your test

    ", + "

    Rebook your ADI part 1 test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days after your last test.

    ", + "

    Revision and practice

    ", + "

    You can use books and software to revise for the theory test.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    The questions in the theory test are based on:

    ", + "
  • The Highway Code
    • ", + "
  • Know your traffic signs
    • ", + "
  • Driving - the essential skills
    • ", + "
  • the official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) theory test kit for approved driving instructors e-Learning
    • ", + "
  • the Driving Instructor\u2019s Handbook
    • ", + "

    Study these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.

    ", + "

    You can buy them online or from most high street bookshops.

    ", + "

    Hazard perception test

    ", + "

    Buy the official DVSA theory test kit for approved driving instructors e-Learning to learn hazard perception skills and then test them.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering at your test

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    Wearing glasses does not count as a good reason.

    ", + "

    You need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not go to your test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Change your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    Lost your licence

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    ", + "

    Rearrange your test if you do not get it in time.

    ", + "

    If you have a paper licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.

    ", + "

    Personal belongings

    ", + "

    You will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:

    ", + "
  • bags
    • ", + "
  • earphones
    • ", + "
  • mobile phones
    • ", + "
  • watches
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.

    ", + "

    If your test centre does not have lockers, you must:

    ", + "
  • turn off your phone before you enter the test centre
    • ", + "
  • put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test
    • ", + "

    The test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    You have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer 100 multiple-choice questions.

    ", + "

    Before the test starts you\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • instructions on how the test works
    • ", + "
  • the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens
    • ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    There are 25 questions in each of these 4 categories:

    ", + "
  • road procedure
    • ", + "
  • traffic signs and signals, car control, pedestrians and mechanical knowledge
    • ", + "
  • driving test, disabilities, and the law
    • ", + "
  • publications and instructional techniques
    • ", + "

    A question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.

    ", + "

    Leaving a question

    ", + "

    You can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.

    ", + "

    Changing your answers

    ", + "

    You can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve finished

    ", + "

    You can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 1 hour and 30 minutes.

    ", + "

    You can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.

    ", + "

    Hazard perception test

    ", + "

    Before you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:

    ", + "
  • feature everyday road scenes
    • ", + "
  • contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards
    • ", + "

    You get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.

    ", + "

    What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is

    ", + "

    A developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.

    ", + "

    How the scoring works

    ", + "

    You can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.

    ", + "

    To get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.

    ", + "

    You do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.

    ", + "

    You only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.

    ", + "

    Pass mark and test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the result at the test centre after taking the test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + "

    To pass the multiple-choice part, you must get both:

    ", + "
  • an overall score of at least 85 out of 100
    • ", + "
  • at least 20 out of 25 in each of the 4 categories of questions
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll fail if you get an overall score of 85 or higher, but do not score high enough in each of the 4 categories.

    ", + "

    To pass the hazard perception part, you need to score at least 57 points out of 75.

    ", + "

    If you pass

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a pass certificate letter if you pass the test. You\u2019ll need this when you book and take your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test.

    ", + "

    Your pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You must qualify as an ADI in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to start the application process again.

    ", + "

    If you fail

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.

    ", + "

    You must book and take the full test again.

    ", + "

    You have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.

    ", + "

    If you have reading difficulties

    ", + "

    When you book your test you should say if you have a reading difficulty.

    ", + "

    You can then ask for an English voiceover. This lets you hear the test instructions and questions through headphones.

    ", + "

    You can hear the questions and possible answers as many times as you like.

    ", + "

    Extra time to take the test

    ", + "

    You can ask for more time to do the multiple-choice questions part of the test.

    ", + "

    To do this, you must send proof to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) that you have a reading difficulty. The proof could be an email or letter from a:

    ", + "
  • teacher or other educational professional
    • ", + "
  • doctor or medical professional
    • ", + "
  • an occupational therapist
    • ", + "
  • an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-2-test", + "contents": [ + "

    Booking your test

    ", + "

    You can book your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test when you\u2019ve passed your ADI part 1 test.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s the second of 3 tests you have to pass to qualify as an ADI. It\u2019s a test of your driving ability.

    ", + "

    The ADI part 2 test works differently in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    To pass the test you must be able to:

    ", + "
  • drive safely in different road and traffic conditions
    • ", + "
  • show that you know The Highway Code by the way you drive
    • ", + "

    The national standard for driving cars tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test.

    ", + "

    You can find driving instructor training if you need help to prepare for the test.

    ", + "

    Only take your test when you can do everything without instruction.

    ", + "

    Driving tests and coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You must bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so.

    ", + "

    You must also clean the inside of your car before your test. This means wiping down surfaces and tidying. The examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring:

    ", + "
  • your UK driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 1 pass certificate
    • ", + "
  • a face covering, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to wear one
    • ", + "
  • a suitable car
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    Reasons why you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    Do not go to your driving test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Change your test appointment or cancel your test for free if you\u2019re not able to go.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You must bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so. For example, because:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    You need to say if you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. Otherwise, your test will be cancelled if you arrive without one.

    ", + "

    You can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.

    ", + "

    Your driving licence

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport and your paper licence.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Bring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.

    ", + "

    Rules for the car you use

    ", + "

    When you take a test, your car must:

    ", + "
  • be taxed
    • ", + "
  • be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)
    • ", + "
  • be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)
    • ", + "
  • be a saloon, hatchback or estate car in good working condition - you cannot use a convertible
    • ", + "
  • have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light
    • ", + "
  • have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted
    • ", + "
  • be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test
    • ", + "
  • be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer
    • ", + "
  • have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg
    • ", + "

    The MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.

    ", + "

    This means:

    ", + "
  • tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats
    • ", + "
  • wiping down the dashboard and car controls
    • ", + "

    The examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.

    ", + "

    The car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    ", + "

    Vehicle fittings and features

    ", + "

    The car must have:

    ", + "
  • an extra interior rear-view mirror for the examiner
    • ", + "
  • a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)
    • ", + "

    Dashcams and other cameras

    ", + "

    You can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:

    ", + "
  • faces outside of the car and does not film the inside
    • ", + "
  • does not record audio from inside the car
    • ", + "

    Vehicle features

    ", + "

    You can use a car with:

    ", + "
  • an electronic parking brake
    • ", + "
  • hill-start assist
    • ", + "

    Hire cars

    ", + "

    You can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.

    ", + "

    Manual and automatic cars

    ", + "

    If you have a manual licence, you can take the test in either a manual or automatic car. You\u2019ll be able to train people in both types of car when you\u2019ve qualified.

    ", + "

    If you have an automatic licence, you must take the test in an automatic car. You\u2019ll only be able to train people in an automatic car when you\u2019ve qualified.

    ", + "

    Cars you cannot use

    ", + "

    Some cars cannot be used in the test because they do not give the examiner all-round vision.

    ", + "

    You cannot use any of the following:

    ", + "
  • BMW Mini convertible
    • ", + "
  • Ford KA convertible
    • ", + "
  • Toyota iQ
    • ", + "
  • VW Beetle convertible
    • ", + "

    Check with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test if you want to use a:

    ", + "
  • convertible car
    • ", + "
  • panel van
    • ", + "

    Cars with known safety faults

    ", + "

    You cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.

    ", + "

    You must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.

    ", + " | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date", + "Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and 0N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014", + "Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014", + "Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014", + "

    Proof you need to bring to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring proof that says one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the car was recalled and the recall work has been done
    • ", + "
  • the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done
    • ", + "
  • the car was not part of the recall
    • ", + "

    The proof must be either:

    ", + "
  • the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer
    • ", + "
  • on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.

    ", + "

    What happens during the test

    ", + "

    There are 5 parts to the approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test:

    ", + "
  • an eyesight check
    • ", + "
  • \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions
    • ", + "
  • general driving ability
    • ", + "
  • manoeuvres
    • ", + "
  • independent driving
    • ", + "

    How long the test lasts

    ", + "

    The test takes around one hour.

    ", + "

    The eyesight test

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:

    ", + "
  • 26.5 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate
    • ", + "
  • 27.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate
    • ", + "

    New-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, such as AB51 ABC.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll fail the test if you do not pass the eyesight test. It will count as one of the 3 attempts you\u2019re allowed at the ADI part 2 test.

    ", + "

    \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked 5 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions. These test that you know how to carry out basic safety tasks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked:

    ", + "
  • 3 \u2018tell me\u2019 questions at the start of your test, before you start driving
    • ", + "
  • 2 \u2018show me\u2019 questions while you\u2019re driving - for example, showing how to wash the windscreen using the car controls and wipers
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a driving fault for each incorrect answer you give.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a serious fault and fail the test if you answer all 5 questions incorrectly, or if you lose control of the car while answering any of the \u2018show me\u2019 questions.

    ", + "

    Your general driving ability

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to show the examiner all of the following:

    ", + "
  • expert handling of the controls
    • ", + "
  • use of correct road procedure
    • ", + "
  • anticipation of the actions of other road users and then taking appropriate action
    • ", + "
  • sound judgement of distance, speed and timing
    • ", + "
  • consideration for the convenience and safety of other road users
    • ", + "
  • driving in an environmentally-friendly manner
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive in varying road and traffic conditions, including motorways or dual carriageways where possible.

    ", + "

    You might also be asked to carry out an emergency stop.

    ", + "

    Reversing your vehicle

    ", + "

    The examiner will ask you to do 2 of the following exercises:

    ", + "
  • parallel park at the side of the road
    • ", + "
  • reverse into a parking bay and drive out
    • ", + "
  • drive into a parking bay and reverse out
    • ", + "
  • pull up on the right-hand side of the road, reverse for around 2 car lengths, and rejoin the traffic
    • ", + "

    Independent driving

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to drive for about 20 minutes by following either:

    ", + "
  • directions from a sat nav
    • ", + "
  • traffic signs
    • ", + "

    The examiner will tell you which you have to do.

    ", + "

    Following directions from a sat nav

    ", + "

    The examiner will provide the sat nav and set it up for you.

    ", + "

    You cannot follow directions from your own sat nav during the test.

    ", + "

    Going off the route

    ", + "

    Your test result will not be affected if you take a wrong turning, unless you make a fault while doing it.

    ", + "

    The examiner will help you get back on the route if you do.

    ", + "

    If you cannot see traffic signs

    ", + "

    If you cannot see a traffic sign (for example, because it\u2019s covered by trees), the examiner will give you directions until you can see the next one.

    ", + "

    If you make mistakes during your test

    ", + "

    You can carry on if you make a mistake. It might not affect your test result if it\u2019s not serious.

    ", + "

    Your driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre if the mistake you made means you\u2019ve failed. The test will end early.

    ", + "

    Faults and test result

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of faults you can make:

    ", + "
  • a dangerous fault - this involves actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property
    • ", + "
  • a serious fault - something potentially dangerous
    • ", + "
  • a driving fault - this is not potentially dangerous, but if you keep making the same fault, it could become a serious fault
    • ", + "

    Pass mark

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pass your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test if you make:

    ", + "
  • no more than 6 driving faults
    • ", + "
  • no serious or dangerous faults
    • ", + "

    If you pass your test

    ", + "

    The examiner will:

    ", + "
  • tell you what faults you made, if any
    • ", + "
  • give you a copy of the driving test report
    • ", + "

    You can then either:

    ", + "
  • book your ADI part 3 test
    • ", + "
  • apply for a trainee driving instructor licence
    • ", + "

    A trainee driving instructor licence can help you prepare for the ADI part 3 test.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass

    ", + "

    The examiner will tell you what faults you made.

    ", + "

    You can take the test again if you fail at either your first or second attempt.

    ", + "

    You have to pay again to book another test.

    ", + "

    Failing the third attempt

    ", + "

    You have to retake and pass the ADI part 1 test again if you fail the ADI part 2 test 3 times.

    ", + "

    You have to wait 2 years from when you first passed the ADI part 1 test before you can take it again.

    ", + "

    Appeal your ADI part 2 test

    ", + "

    You can appeal your test if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on appealing your test to check if your examiner followed the law.

    ", + "

    If you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)

    ", + "

    If DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.

    ", + "

    If DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.

    ", + "

    Appeal your test to a court

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.

    ", + "

    Your test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to appeal within:

    ", + "
  • 6 months of your test in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • 21 days of your test in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Check if you can appeal.

    ", + "

    If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather

    ", + "

    Your driving test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.

    ", + "

    If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take this test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.

    ", + "

    Bad weather

    ", + "

    Driving tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.

    ", + "

    Call your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\nThe phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.

    ", + "

    If your test cannot go ahead

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:

    ", + "
  • automatically book the next available date for your test
    • ", + "
  • send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather
    • ", + "

    You can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.

    ", + "

    Problems with you or your car

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:

    ", + "
  • you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test
    • ", + "
  • your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used
    • ", + "

    If your test is cancelled for another reason

    ", + "

    Sometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get a trainee driving instructor licence", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trainee-driving-instructor-licence-the-rules", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a trainee driving instructor licence after you pass the approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test.

    ", + "

    A trainee licence:

    ", + "
  • helps you get experience instructing pupils to drive so you can prepare for the ADI part 3 test
    • ", + "
  • lasts for 6 months
    • ", + "

    You can charge for lessons to cover the cost of things like your insurance and vehicle costs.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for a trainee licence if you:

    ", + "
  • have passed your ADI part 1 test in the last 2 years
    • ", + "
  • have passed the ADI part 2 test
    • ", + "
  • have had at least 40 hours of training from a qualified ADI in providing \ndriving instruction (at least 10 of which were done in a car), recorded on the ADI 21T declaration form
    • ", + "
  • are eligible to take the ADI part 3 test
    • ", + "

    Being refused a trainee licence

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the General Regulatory Chamber if you\u2019re refused a trainee licence.

    ", + "

    The rules and process for getting a trainee licence are different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Options when you apply for a trainee licence

    ", + "

    You have 2 options to choose from when you apply for a trainee licence. You must either:

    ", + "
  • be supervised for 20% of all lessons you give while you have your trainee licence
    • ", + "
  • do at least 20 hours of extra training while you have your trainee licence
    • ", + "

    You can only choose one option and you cannot change to the other after you\u2019ve made your decision.

    ", + "

    Talk to your sponsoring approved driving instructor (ADI) or training organisation about which option is best for you.

    ", + "

    Option 1 - supervision of lessons

    ", + "

    In this option you have to be supervised by your sponsoring ADI for 20% of all the lessons you give.

    ", + "

    You must keep a record of the number of hours:

    ", + "
  • you give lessons
    • ", + "
  • you are supervised
    • ", + "

    The ADI 21S supervision record form must be signed by both you and your ADI. You must send it to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) when your trainee licence runs out.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently send this by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVSA by email instead.

    ", + "

    Option 2 - extra training

    ", + "

    In this option, you have to do at least 20 hours of extra training in the topics in the training programme.

    ", + "

    After you get your training licence, you must complete the training within the next 3 months and before you book the ADI part 3 test.

    ", + "

    At least 25% of the training must be practical in-car training.

    ", + "

    The training must be recorded on the\ninstructor training declaration form.\u200b

    ", + "

    You must send the form to DVSA as soon as you\u2019ve completed your training. If you do not send the form, DVSA can take your trainee licence away.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently send this by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVSA by email instead.

    ", + "

    If you fail the ADI part 3 test or you do not book it in time

    ", + "

    If you fail the test, you must do 5 hours of extra training before your next attempt. You have 3 attempts to pass the test.

    ", + "

    If you do not book the test within 3 months of getting your licence, you must take 5 hours of extra training before you book the test.

    ", + "

    Each time you do 5 hours of extra training, record it on a new instructor training declaration form.

    ", + "

    If you do not send the form, DVSA can take your trainee licence away.

    ", + "

    Rules for using your trainee licence

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • be a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person
    • ", + "
  • get the required amount of supervision or extra training while your licence is still valid
    • ", + "

    Displaying your licence

    ", + "

    You must display your trainee licence on the nearside edge of the front windscreen of your car while you give driving lessons.

    ", + "

    Where you train

    ", + "

    Your trainee licence shows the name and address of your training establishment. You can only give instruction from there, so you cannot work independently, such as by setting up your own school.

    ", + "

    You must not advertise yourself as an instructor. Any advertising your training establishment does must not make it seem like you\u2019re a fully qualified instructor.

    ", + "

    Changing your driving school

    ", + "

    You must apply for a new trainee licence if you leave a driving school and join a new one. There\u2019s no fee for doing this.

    ", + "

    DVSA will send you a new licence showing the details of your new school. You should send your old licence to DVSA as soon as you get the new one.

    ", + "

    You can still give driving lessons while you wait for your new licence.

    ", + "

    When trainee licences can be taken away

    ", + "

    The ADI registrar can take your trainee licence away before it runs out if:

    ", + "
  • you break any of the rules for having a trainee licence
    • ", + "
  • the licence was issued by mistake or gained by fraud
    • ", + "
  • you fail 3 attempts at the ADI part 3 test
    • ", + "

    Not using your trainee licence

    ", + "

    You should return your trainee licence to DVSA if you are not using it, for example because of a long period of illness.

    ", + "

    You will not get a refund, but DVSA will know that you have not had full use of the licence. This will be a factor in deciding whether to give you another licence in future.

    ", + "

    Lost or stolen licence

    ", + "

    You should tell the police straight away if your licence is lost or stolen. They will give you a crime reference number.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay \u00a33 if you lose your licence or cannot give DVSA a crime reference number.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently contact DVSA by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    To get a replacement, email DVSA with the following:

    ", + "
  • the crime reference number
    • ", + "
  • your permission that DVSA can use your photocard driving licence photo or a previous photo they have on record
    • ", + "

    DVSA will contact you to tell you how to pay.

    ", + "

    When your trainee licence runs out

    ", + "

    Your trainee licence lasts for 6 months. When it runs out you must stop being paid for giving driving lessons.

    ", + "

    Getting another licence

    ", + "

    You can apply for another trainee licence, but you\u2019ll need to pay the fee again.

    ", + "

    You cannot be paid for giving driving lessons when you do not have a valid trainee licence.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re more likely to get another licence if you told DVSA you had stopped using the first, for example because of a period of illness.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s unlikely that you\u2019ll get another licence if you:

    ", + "
  • just want more time to pass the approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test
    • ", + "
  • did not follow the rules for using your previous trainee licence
    • ", + "

    You can appeal to the General Regulatory Chamber if you\u2019re not given another licence.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-3-test", + "contents": [ + "

    Booking your test

    ", + "

    You can book your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test when you\u2019ve passed your ADI part 2 test.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s the last of 3 tests you have to pass to qualify as an ADI. It\u2019s a test of your ability to teach pupils.

    ", + "

    Your driving examiner will call you a few days before your test to agree:

    ", + "
  • the start time with you
    • ", + "
  • where you want the test to start from (either the driving test centre or somewhere within 5 minutes of the driving test centre)
    • ", + "

    The ADI part 3 test works differently in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    The national standard for driver and rider training tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test.

    ", + "

    You can find driving instructor training if you need help to prepare for the test.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring:

    ", + "
  • your UK driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a face covering, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to wear one
    • ", + "
  • a suitable car
    • ", + "
  • a pupil
    • ", + "

    You should also bring a log of the training you\u2019ve been doing to qualify as an approved driving instructor (ADI).

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    Reasons why you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    Do not go to your driving test if you or your pupil:

    ", + "
  • have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms, or someone you live with has symptoms
    • ", + "
  • have been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • are self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Change your test appointment or cancel your test for free if you\u2019re not able to go.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You and your pupil must each bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so. For example, because:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    You need to say if you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. Otherwise, your test will be cancelled if you arrive without one.

    ", + "

    You can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.

    ", + "

    Your driving licence

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport and your paper licence, or your trainee driving instructor licence (if you have one).

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Bring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.

    ", + "

    Rules for the car you use

    ", + "

    When you take your test, your car must:

    ", + "
  • be taxed
    • ", + "
  • be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)
    • ", + "
  • be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)
    • ", + "
  • be a saloon, hatchback or estate car in good working condition - you cannot use a convertible
    • ", + "
  • have full-size rear seats
    • ", + "
  • have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light
    • ", + "
  • have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted
    • ", + "
  • be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test
    • ", + "
  • be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer
    • ", + "
  • have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg
    • ", + "

    The MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19 you must clean the inside of your car before your test.

    ", + "

    This means:

    ", + "
  • tidying any unnecessary items away from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats
    • ", + "
  • wiping down the dashboard and car controls
    • ", + "

    The examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.

    ", + "

    The car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    ", + "

    Vehicle fittings and features

    ", + "

    The car must have:

    ", + "
  • L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear if your pupil is a learner
    • ", + "
  • working rear seat belts
    • ", + "

    Dashcams and other cameras

    ", + "

    You can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:

    ", + "
  • faces outside of the car and does not film the inside
    • ", + "
  • does not record audio from inside the car
    • ", + "

    Vehicle features

    ", + "

    You can use a car with:

    ", + "
  • an electronic parking brake
    • ", + "
  • hill-start assist
    • ", + "

    Hire cars

    ", + "

    You can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.

    ", + "

    Manual and automatic cars

    ", + "

    If you have a manual licence, you can take the test in either a manual or automatic car. You\u2019ll be able to train people in both types of car when you\u2019ve qualified.

    ", + "

    If you have an automatic licence, you must take the test in an automatic car. You\u2019ll only be able to train people in an automatic car when you\u2019ve qualified.

    ", + "

    Cars with known safety faults

    ", + "

    You cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.

    ", + "

    You must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.

    ", + "Model | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date", + "Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and 0N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014", + "Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014", + "Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014", + "

    Proof you need to bring to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring proof that says one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the car was recalled and the recall work has been done
    • ", + "
  • the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done
    • ", + "
  • the car was not part of the recall
    • ", + "

    The proof must be either:

    ", + "
  • the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer
    • ", + "
  • on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.

    ", + "

    What happens during the test

    ", + "

    A Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) examiner will watch you give a client-centred driving lesson lasting about 45 minutes to one of your pupils.

    ", + "

    Your pupil must drive for at least 40 minutes of the lesson.

    ", + "

    At the start of the lesson, discuss the goals for the lesson and risk management with your pupil. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), this should take no more than 3 minutes.

    ", + "

    At the end of the lesson, give your pupil no more than 3 minutes to reflect on their performance.

    ", + "

    The examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standard for driver and rider training.

    ", + "

    Your pupil

    ", + "

    Your pupil can be a:

    ", + "
  • partly trained learner
    • ", + "
  • fully trained learner
    • ", + "
  • full licence holder
    • ", + "

    Your pupil cannot be:

    ", + "
  • a learner who has just started learning to drive
    • ", + "
  • an approved driving instructor (ADI) or someone else who is preparing to take the ADI part 3 test
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019ll be marked on

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be marked on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into 3 categories:

    ", + "
  • lesson planning
    • ", + "
  • risk management
    • ", + "
  • teaching and learning strategies
    • ", + "

    The 17 areas of competence are listed in the ADI part 3 test report form, which the examiner will fill in at the end of your test.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to work out if you\u2019ve passed the test, and what your grade will be.

    ", + "

    Your test result

    ", + "

    After you give the lesson, the examiner will discuss your performance and give you your result.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your grade, along with your completed approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test report form.

    ", + "Total score | Grade | Description", + "0-30 | Fail | Your performance is unsatisfactory, and you will not join the ADI register", + "31-42 | Grade B | You\u2019ll be allowed to join the ADI register", + "43-51 | Grade A | You have shown a high standard of instruction and you\u2019ll be allowed to join the ADI register", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically fail if:

    ", + "
  • you get a score of 7 or less in the \u2018risk management\u2019 category
    • ", + "
  • the examiner stops the lesson because you\u2019ve put yourself or someone else in danger
    • ", + "

    If you pass

    ", + "

    You can apply for your first ADI badge if you pass the ADI part 3 test.

    ", + "

    You must apply within 12 months of passing the test, or you\u2019ll have to pass all 3 qualifying tests again.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass

    ", + "

    You can take the test again if you fail the first or second attempt. You must book the next attempt within 2 years of passing your ADI part 1 test.

    ", + "

    If you chose the extra training option (option 2) when you applied for your trainee licence, you must do 5 hours of extra training before you retake the test.

    ", + "

    Failing the third attempt

    ", + "

    You have to retake and pass the ADI part 1 test and ADI part 2 test again if you fail the ADI part 3 test at your third attempt.

    ", + "

    You must wait 2 years from when you originally passed the ADI part 1 test before you can take it again.

    ", + "

    Appeal your ADI part 3 test

    ", + "

    You can appeal your test if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on appealing your test to check if your examiner followed the law.

    ", + "

    If you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)

    ", + "

    If DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.

    ", + "

    If DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.

    ", + "

    Appeal your test to a court

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.

    ", + "

    Your test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to appeal within:

    ", + "
  • 6 months of your test in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • 21 days of your test in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Check if you can appeal.

    ", + "

    If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather

    ", + "

    Your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.

    ", + "

    If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take this test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.

    ", + "

    Bad weather

    ", + "

    Tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.

    ", + "

    Call your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    The phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.

    ", + "

    If your test cannot go ahead

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:

    ", + "
  • automatically book the next available date for your test
    • ", + "
  • send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather
    • ", + "

    You can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.

    ", + "

    Problems with you or your car

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:

    ", + "
  • you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test
    • ", + "
  • your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used
    • ", + "

    If your test is cancelled for another reason

    ", + "

    Sometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Manage your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/manage-approved-driving-instructor-registration", + "contents": [ + "

    Renew or update your registration

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for keeping your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration up to date.

    ", + "

    You must renew your registration every 4 years.

    ", + "

    You can renew your registration in the month it expires. If your registration has already run out, you can re-register within 12 months of the expiry date.

    ", + "

    If your ADI registration ran out more than 12 months ago, you need to reapply to become a driving instructor.

    ", + "

    You must display your registration in the passenger-side edge of the front windscreen of your car when you give driving lessons.

    ", + "

    You can be prosecuted for using an invalid ADI badge or one that\u2019s not yours.

    ", + "

    Renew your registration

    ", + "
  • Get a criminal records check. You must do this before you renew your registration - it normally takes around 3 months but can sometimes take longer.
    • ", + "
  • Renew your ADI registration.
    • ", + "

    Change of name or contact details

    ", + "

    You must update your ADI registration within 7 days if you change your name or address.

    ", + "

    Lost or stolen ADI badge

    ", + "

    You must contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) straight away to:

    ", + "
  • tell them that your approved driving instructor (ADI) badge has been lost or stolen
    • ", + "
  • request a replacement badge
    • ", + "

    You cannot give driving lessons until you have a replacement.

    ", + "

    When you contact DVSA, you\u2019ll need to give them:

    ", + "
  • your crime reference number if your badge was stolen - you can get this by contacting the police
    • ", + "
  • permission to use the photo from your photocard driving licence (otherwise you\u2019ll need to post them a passport-style photograph)
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a33 to replace a lost or stolen badge.

    ", + "

    You must send your old badge to DVSA if you find it later.

    ", + "

    Change when you're available for driving tests

    ", + "

    You can manage when you\u2019re available for driving tests online.

    ", + "

    You can tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA):

    ", + "
  • when you\u2019re never available, for example, between 9am and 11am on Mondays
    • ", + "
  • when you\u2019re temporarily away, for example, you\u2019re on holiday
    • ", + "

    You must be registered as a business to use the service.

    ", + "

    If you stop giving driving lessons

    ", + "

    You must tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you stop giving driving lessons because you want to leave the ADI register.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently contact DVSA by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVSA by email instead.

    ", + "

    DVSA will contact you to tell you what to do with your ADI badge.

    ", + "

    You will not get a refund if you have any time left on your registration, unless you\u2019re leaving the register for health reasons. You\u2019ll need to give medical proof to be considered for a refund.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process to manage your ADI registration in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Report cautions or convictions

    ", + "

    You must tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) in writing within 7 days if you get any caution or conviction. This includes:

    ", + "
  • being \u2018bound over\u2019
    • ", + "
  • having your name entered in the sex offenders\u2019 register
    • ", + "
  • being banned from working with children
    • ", + "

    You cannot currently send this by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVSA by email instead.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-standards-check", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check assesses your ability to teach pupils.

    ", + "

    The ADI standards check has replaced the ADI check test.

    ", + "

    You have to take at least one ADI standards check during each 4-year period that you\u2019re registered as an ADI.

    ", + "

    You have to take a standards check even if you do not have a car or are not working as an ADI.

    ", + "

    You can be removed from the ADI register if you do not book or go to your standards check.

    ", + "

    You can only take standards checks in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for taking a standards check in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Book your ADI standards check

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from DVSA when you need to book your approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check.

    ", + "

    You can book a standards check online. It doesn\u2019t cost anything.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your:

    ", + "
  • driving licence number
    • ", + "
  • ADI personal reference number
    • ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Get help to book

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA if you need help booking your standards check.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Your examiner will call you a few days before your standards check to agree:

    ", + "
  • the exact start time
    • ", + "
  • where you want the check to start from - this will be either the driving test centre or somewhere within 5 minutes of the test centre
    • ", + "

    What to take to your standards check

    ", + "

    You must take:

    ", + "
  • your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration certificate
    • ", + "
  • a face covering, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to wear one
    • ", + "
  • a car that meets the requirements
    • ", + "
  • a pupil
    • ", + "

    Your pupil can be a:

    ", + "
  • partly trained learner
    • ", + "
  • fully trained learner
    • ", + "
  • full licence holder
    • ", + "

    If you bring a partly trained learner, they should be able to drive for 40 minutes without frequently stopping.

    ", + "

    Your pupil cannot be an ADI or someone who is preparing to take the ADI part 3 test.

    ", + "

    Reasons why you must not go to your standards check

    ", + "

    Do not go to your ADI standards check if you or your pupil:

    ", + "
  • have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms, or someone you live with has symptoms
    • ", + "
  • have been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • are self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Contact DVSA if you\u2019re not able to go to your standards check.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You and your pupil must each bring and wear a face covering for your standards check, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so. For example, because:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    You need to say if you cannot wear a face covering when you book your standards check. Otherwise, your standards check will be cancelled if you arrive without one.

    ", + "

    You can take it off during your standards check if you need to avoid harm or injury.

    ", + "

    Car requirements

    ", + "

    The car you use for your standards check must:

    ", + "
  • be roadworthy, safe and reliable - this means it\u2019s less than 3 years old or has a valid MOT certificate
    • ", + "
  • have working rear seat belts
    • ", + "
  • be fitted with L plates (or D plates in Wales) if your pupil is a learner
    • ", + "

    You cannot use:

    ", + "
  • a soft-top convertible
    • ", + "
  • a car with a 2+2 seating arrangement rather than full-size rear seats
    • ", + "

    Your standards check will be cancelled if your car does not meet the requirements. Another appointment will be booked for you.

    ", + "

    You can be removed from the ADI register if you keep bringing a car that does not meet the requirements.

    ", + "

    COVID-19 safety

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your standards check. This means:

    ", + "
  • tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats
    • ", + "
  • wiping down the dashboard and car controls
    • ", + "

    The examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.

    ", + "

    The car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    ", + "

    Bad weather

    ", + "

    You should call the standards check bookings team as soon as you can on the day of your standards check if there\u2019s bad weather. Ask to speak to the ADI examiner.

    ", + "

    If nobody answers the phone, and the conditions in your area are not looking too bad, it\u2019s likely that the examiners are:

    ", + "
  • checking the local roads to see if driving tests can go ahead
    • ", + "
  • taking driving tests because the conditions are suitable
    • ", + "

    However, this is not a guarantee that your standards check will go ahead.

    ", + "

    You should tell the standards check bookings team if your check is cancelled - they\u2019ll make a new appointment.

    ", + "

    What happens at the standards check

    ", + "

    A Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency examiner will watch you give a driving lesson to your pupil.

    ", + "

    The lesson will last about 45 minutes. They must be driving for at least 40 minutes.

    ", + "

    At the start of the lesson, you should recap the goals for the lesson and discuss risk management with your pupil. This should take no more than 3 minutes.

    ", + "

    At the end of the lesson, you should give your pupil about 3 minutes to reflect on their performance.

    ", + "

    The examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standards for driver and rider training.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll be marked on

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be marked on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into 3 categories:

    ", + "
  • lesson planning
    • ", + "
  • risk management
    • ", + "
  • teaching and learning skills
    • ", + "

    The 17 areas of competence are listed in the ADI standards check report form, which the examiner will fill in during your check.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to work out your grade.

    ", + "

    After you give the lesson, the examiner will discuss your performance and give you your grade. This will take about 15 minutes.

    ", + "

    You can take your trainer or mentor with you, but they cannot take part in the lesson.

    ", + "

    Your standards check result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your grade, along with your completed standards check form at the end of your standards check.

    ", + "Total score | Grade | Description", + "0-30 | Fail | Your performance is unsatisfactory", + "31-42 | Grade B | You\u2019ll stay on the approved driving instructors (ADI) register", + "43-51 | Grade A | You have shown a high standard of instruction and you\u2019ll stay on the ADI register", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically fail if:

    ", + "
  • you get a score of 7 or less in the \u2018risk management\u2019 category
    • ", + "
  • the examiner stops the lesson because you\u2019ve put yourself or someone else in danger
    • ", + "

    If you fail the standards check

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have up to 2 more attempts to pass the standards check.

    ", + "

    If you fail 3 times:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be removed from the approved driving instructors (ADI) register
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll have to retake the ADI tests to join the ADI register again
    • ", + "

    Complain about your standards check

    ", + "

    Complain to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency if you\u2019re not happy about the way your standards check was carried out.

    ", + "

    Appeal your standards check

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you think your examiner didn\u2019t follow the regulations when they carried out your standards check.

    ", + "

    Your result cannot be changed, but you might be able to take another standards check if your appeal is successful.

    ", + "

    Contact your local magistrate\u2019s court within 6 months to appeal in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland, contact your local sheriff\u2019s court within 21 days.

    ", + "

    Old 'ADI check test' grades

    ", + "

    The approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check replaced the ADI check test on 7 April 2014.

    ", + "

    Old ADI check test grades will apply until you take your first standards check.

    ", + "

    If you got a grade 2 or 3 in your last ADI check test, you\u2019ll have 2 attempts to pass the new ADI standards check.

    ", + "

    Old \u2018ADI check test\u2019 grades

    ", + "Grade | Overall performance", + "6 | Very high", + "5 | Good", + "4 | Satisfactory", + "3 | Inadequate", + "2 | Poor", + "1 | Extremely poor", + "E | Educational check test", + "

    Educational check test grade

    ", + "

    Educational (E) grades will not be given to newly qualified instructors in the new standard checks.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Driving instructor suspension: your rights", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-instructor-suspension-your-rights", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration can be suspended if the ADI registrar thinks you pose a significant threat to public safety.

    ", + "

    The ADI registrar can suspend you if they\u2019re considering:

    ", + "
  • taking you off the ADI register
    • ", + "
  • removing your trainee driving instructor licence
    • ", + "
  • refusing to extend your registration or trainee licence
    • ", + "

    You cannot get paid for giving driving lessons if you\u2019re suspended.

    ", + "

    Claiming compensation

    ", + "

    You can claim compensation if you\u2019ve been suspended but are not then taken off the register.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for your ADI registration in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    When you can be suspended

    ", + "

    Your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration can be suspended if the ADI registrar thinks you pose a significant threat to public safety.

    ", + "

    For example, if you:

    ", + "
  • have been convicted of a sexual or violent offence
    • ", + "
  • are giving dangerous instruction that\u2019s a major risk to the safety of your pupils and other road users
    • ", + "

    Telling you if you\u2019re suspended

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the ADI registrar to tell you that your registration is suspended.

    ", + "

    This will usually be at that same time that the registrar writes to tell you that they\u2019re considering taking you off the register.

    ", + "

    Challenging your suspension

    ", + "

    You can use a judicial review to challenge the way in which the ADI registrar made the decision to suspend you.

    ", + "

    The review only looks at whether the right procedures have been followed, rather than the decision itself. You can download the judicial review claim form and guidance notes.

    ", + "

    You still have the right to appeal against the ADI registrar\u2019s decision to remove you if you end up being taken off the register.

    ", + "

    Compensation if you stay on the register

    ", + "

    You can get compensation if your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration was suspended, but you were not taken off the ADI register.

    ", + "

    This includes cases where:

    ", + "
  • you win an appeal against the decision to take you off the register
    • ", + "
  • the registrar considers taking you off the register, but then ends the suspension and lets you stay on the register
    • ", + "
  • the registrar has not made a decision about taking you off the register within 75 days
    • ", + "

    What you can claim

    ", + "

    You can claim compensation for income and non-income losses as a result of being suspended.

    ", + "

    You can also claim for the cost of preparing your compensation application.

    ", + "

    Income losses

    ", + "

    \u2018Income losses\u2019 are what you\u2019d have got from giving driving lessons during the time you were suspended.

    ", + "

    Non-income losses

    ", + "

    \u2018Non-income losses\u2019 are other losses you:

    ", + "
  • can give a monetary value to
    • ", + "
  • incurred (within reason) while you were suspended
    • ", + "

    Examples of non-income losses include:

    ", + "
  • any reasonable costs you needed to pay to prepare your compensation application
    • ", + "
  • the interest on a loan you had to take out as a result of the suspension
    • ", + "
  • the value of any damage that the suspension caused to your driving school business if you run one
    • ", + "

    How to claim compensation

    ", + "

    Download the application form and send it, with evidence to support your claim, to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).

    ", + "

    When to claim

    ", + "

    You must send your claim within 2 years of whichever of these dates is later:

    ", + "
  • the date your suspension ended
    • ", + "
  • the date you were told you\u2019d won your appeal against the approved driving instructor (ADI) registrar
    • ", + "

    You can claim outside of the 2 years in special situations.

    ", + "

    Who can make the claim

    ", + "

    You, as the ADI who was suspended, must sign the declaration with the application form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re only allowed to sign the declaration on behalf of someone in limited situations, for example where the ADI has died and you\u2019re allowed to represent them.

    ", + "

    Evidence to support your claim

    ", + "

    You should send documents that prove the basis of your claim, for example showing why you\u2019ve based your claim for income losses on a certain hourly rate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to consider which documents will help DVSA decide that you\u2019ve sent a valid claim, for example bank statements, payslips or a loan agreement.

    ", + "

    Working out your losses

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your income and non-income losses to send your claim.

    ", + "

    Work out your income losses

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work how much you\u2019d have reasonably expected to earn during the time you were suspended.

    ", + "

    This should be based on your income for a period that you can directly compare with, for example the same period the previous year.

    ", + "

    You should base your claim on the period that best compares to the time you were suspended if you cannot directly compare with a previous year.

    ", + "

    If your claim is for a different amount to what\u2019s shown in the previous period, you should explain why, for example a major change in how many pupils you taught in the weeks just before you were suspended.

    ", + "

    Work out your non-income losses

    ", + "

    Your claim will need to make clear:

    ", + "
  • how the non-income losses were incurred
    • ", + "
  • why they are reasonable costs
    • ", + "
  • how you have worked them out
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send documents that clearly support your claim.

    ", + "

    You can claim for the value of any damage that the suspension caused to your driving school business if you run one.

    ", + "

    You can claim for the interest paid on a loan that you took out because your income stopped from being suspended.

    ", + "

    Help working out your non-income losses

    ", + "

    You can claim for the cost of preparing your compensation application. This can include the cost of getting expert help to work out how much your non-income losses are.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove that the cost was reasonable, for example by showing that you did not pay a higher fee than usually applies.

    ", + "

    The decision on your compensation claim

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) within 28 days to either:

    ", + "
  • tell you you\u2019re being paid the amount you claimed for or a different amount
    • ", + "
  • ask for more information to prove your claim
    • ", + "
  • ask permission to go to a third party to prove your claim
    • ", + "
  • tell you the claim has not been allowed
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019ll get your payment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the payment within 45 days of DVSA telling you that you\u2019re going to be paid.

    ", + "

    You must give any new information you find that\u2019s relevant to your claim within 6 years of getting your compensation. You must do this within 1 month of finding it.

    ", + "

    Interim payments

    ", + "

    You can get an interim payment:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re in special situations, for example significant financial hardship
    • ", + "
  • for part of the claim if it can be easily and quickly checked
    • ", + "

    If more information is needed

    ", + "

    You must send any extra information DVSA needs within 28 days. This can be extended in special situations.

    ", + "

    You must sign a statement to say the information is true to the best of your knowledge when you send it.

    ", + "

    Not giving more information

    ", + "

    You should tell DVSA in writing if you cannot give the extra information, and the reason why. DVSA will do whatever it can to process the claim if this happens.

    ", + "

    Your claim can be delayed if the extra information is not available, or you do not give it.

    ", + "

    The part of the claim that needs the extra information can be rejected.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019re asked for more information

    ", + "

    DVSA will write to you within 28 days of either:

    ", + "
  • getting the extra information
    • ", + "
  • the deadline for giving the extra information running out
    • ", + "

    The letter from DVSA will either:

    ", + "
  • tell you you\u2019re being paid the amount you claimed for or a different amount
    • ", + "
  • ask for more information to prove your claim
    • ", + "
  • tell you the claim has not been allowed
    • ", + "

    Appeal against the decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the transport tribunal if you disagree with:

    ", + "
  • the decision that you cannot get compensation
    • ", + "
  • the amount of compensation you\u2019re going to get
    • ", + "

    You must appeal within 28 days of DVSA telling you its decision.

    ", + "

    Decisions the tribunal can make

    ", + "

    The tribunal can:

    ", + "
  • refuse your appeal
    • ", + "
  • allow your appeal
    • ", + "
  • give its own decision on how much you get
    • ", + "
  • refer your case back to DVSA to reconsider
    • ", + "

    When the amount of compensation can change

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) can tell you that that it\u2019s considering changing how much compensation you got. It can do this for up to 6 years after your original application.

    ", + "

    DVSA can do this when:

    ", + "
  • it finds new information
    • ", + "
  • it believes that the information you gave was wrong
    • ", + "
  • it looks like the original amount you got was given by mistake
    • ", + "

    If you think the amount was correct

    ", + "

    You have 28 days to tell DVSA if you think that the compensation that you were given was correct. This time limit may be extended in special situations.

    ", + "

    If the amount changes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to repay the difference if the new amount is less than you originally got. DVSA will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    DVSA will pay you the difference if the new amount is more than you originally got. You\u2019ll get it within 45 days.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the new amount

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the transport tribunal if you disagree with DVSA\u2019s decision on the new amount.

    ", + "

    You should make your appeal within 28 days of being told the new amount.

    ", + "

    Decisions the tribunal can make

    ", + "

    The tribunal can:

    ", + "
  • refuse your appeal
    • ", + "
  • allow your appeal
    • ", + "
  • give its own decision on how much you get
    • ", + "
  • refer your case back to DVSA to reconsider
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Become a DVSA assessed CBT motorcycle instructor", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) motorcycle instructor.

    ", + "

    CBT is a training course that most learner motorcycle and moped riders must take before riding on the road.

    ", + "

    Rules for becoming a CBT instructor

    ", + "

    To become a DVSA assessed CBT motorcycle instructor you must have a driving licence from either:

    ", + "
  • Great Britain or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • the EU or EEA - but you must register it\n first
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be 21 or older
    • ", + "
  • have had a full category A2 or A motorcycle licence for at least 3 years
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.

    ", + "

    When you qualify

    ", + "

    When you pass you must work for a motorcycle approved training body (ATB) to be able to:

    ", + "
  • provide the CBT course to learner riders
    • ", + "
  • train up to 10 instructors at the ATB to also deliver CBT courses (this is known as \u2018down-training\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • apply to become a direct access scheme instructor
    • ", + "

    How to book your assessment

    ", + "

    Fill in the application form to book an assessment and send it to the address on the form. There\u2019s no charge for the assessment.

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact you to arrange a date after checking your application.

    ", + "

    If you cannot go to your assessment

    ", + "

    Tell DVSA by email if you cannot attend your assessment.

    ", + "

    You must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.

    ", + "

    Your approved training body cannot tell DVSA without giving your signature.

    ", + "

    Your application will become invalid and will count as an unsuccessful attempt if you do not tell DVSA in enough time.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re only allowed 2 unsuccessful attempts before you have to wait a year before applying to take another assessment.

    ", + "

    Preparing for the assessment

    ", + "

    Study the compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus before you take the assessment.

    ", + "

    Other preparation

    ", + "

    You should also study the following official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) publications:

    ", + "
  • The Highway Code
    • ", + "
  • Know your traffic signs
    • ", + "
  • Learning to Ride
    • ", + "
  • Riding - the Essential Skills
    • ", + "
  • Theory Test for Motorcyclists
    • ", + "

    You can buy them from most high street and online book shops.

    ", + "

    What to bring to your assessment

    ", + "

    You need to bring:

    ", + "
  • your valid driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your CBT1 card if you have one
    • ", + "
  • a fully taxed, insured and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW
    • ", + "

    If you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.

    ", + "

    Your assessment will be cancelled if you do not bring these.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re allowed to bring a pen and any notes or training aids to help you.

    ", + "

    What the assessment involves

    ", + "

    The compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor assessment assesses your ability to:

    ", + "
  • train learner motorcyclists in the requirements of CBT
    • ", + "
  • train and guide other instructors within an approved training body
    • ", + "

    There will usually be 2 other instructors taking the assessment at the same time as you.

    ", + "

    The DVSA assessor will play the role of a novice rider throughout the assessment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to deliver lessons based on the topics being assessed. One or both of the other instructors will act as your supervisor. You\u2019ll then swap the roles of the instructor and supervisor.

    ", + "

    Eyesight test

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pass an eyesight test before the assessment starts. You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:

    ", + "
  • 26.5 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate
    • ", + "
  • 27.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate
    • ", + "

    New-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.

    ", + "

    The rest of the assessment will not go ahead if you fail the eyesight test.

    ", + "

    Session 1

    ", + "

    This session focuses on element A of the CBT syllabus - introduction to CBT.

    ", + "

    The DVSA assessor will give you an overview of the assessment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then deliver a lesson on the modules within element A of the CBT syllabus. You\u2019re allowed to use notes and training aids. The other candidates will watch your instruction and decide whether it\u2019s valid and achieves the objective.

    ", + "

    Session 2

    ", + "

    This session focuses on element B of the CBT syllabus - practical on-site training.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be introduced to the motorcycle that will be used on-site. You should familiarise yourself with it so you can give a controls lesson or basic machine check lesson.

    ", + "

    The \u2018novice rider\u2019 will act on the instruction you give. The other candidates will watch the instruction you give and decide whether it\u2019s a valid lesson and achieves the objective.

    ", + "

    Sessions 3 and 4

    ", + "

    These sessions focus on element C of the CBT syllabus - practical on-site riding.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll instruct the \u2018novice rider\u2019. The other candidates give a debrief at the end of each lesson.

    ", + "

    The roles will be changed several times so you can prove your ability as an instructor and supervisor.

    ", + "

    Session 5

    ", + "

    This session focuses on element D of the CBT syllabus - practical on-road training.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll give a lesson made up of 3 modules from element D. The other candidates will supervise you, and then the roles will be swapped.

    ", + "

    Sessions 6 and 7

    ", + "

    These sessions focus on element E of the CBT syllabus - practical on-road riding.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll ride a motorcycle and follow the \u2018novice rider\u2019 on the road. You\u2019ll have to:

    ", + "
  • give instructions
    • ", + "
  • correct any faults that they make
    • ", + "
  • direct them over a route on public roads using radio equipment
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your own motorcycle for sessions 6 and 7.

    ", + "

    Your assessment result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given your result and a debrief at the end of the assessment by the assessor. You\u2019ll be sent confirmation of your result by post.

    ", + "

    Passing the assessment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent more information about how to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a DVSA assessed instructor.

    ", + "

    Until you\u2019ve got your registration certificate you are not allowed to:

    ", + "
  • conduct compulsory basic training (CBT) courses
    • ", + "
  • train any instructors on behalf of your approved training body (ATB)
    • ", + "

    Failing the assessment

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to retake the assessment if you fail it twice within a 12-month period. You\u2019ll have to wait until 1 year after the date of the second assessment before applying again.

    ", + "

    Failing if you\u2019re a down-trained instructor

    ", + "

    You can continue to give CBT training if you\u2019re a down-trained instructor, but you\u2019ll have to have a standards check at your ATB in the near future.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Become a direct access scheme (DAS) motorcycle instructor", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-direct-access-scheme-motorcycle-instructor", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.

    ", + "

    All provisional licence holders training on a motorbike over 125cc and 11kW power output must be trained by a qualified DAS instructor.

    ", + "

    Rules for becoming a DAS instructor

    ", + "

    To become a DAS certified instructor you must have a driving licence from either:

    ", + "
  • Great Britain or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • the EU or EEA - but you must register it\n first
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be 21 or over
    • ", + "
  • have had a full category A2 or A motorcycle licence for at least 3 years
    • ", + "
  • have passed the 2-day assessment to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.

    ", + "

    When you qualify

    ", + "

    When you pass you\u2019ll be able to give DAS training.

    ", + "

    How to book your assessment

    ", + "

    The direct access scheme (DAS) instructor assessment lasts for half a day. You can book a:

    ", + "
  • morning assessment, which starts at 8:30am
    • ", + "
  • afternoon assessment, which starts at 1pm
    • ", + "

    Fill in the application form to book your assessment and send it to the address on the form. There\u2019s no charge for the assessment.

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact you to arrange a date after checking your application.

    ", + "

    Your application will be valid for 6 months.

    ", + "

    If you cannot go to your assessment

    ", + "

    Tell DVSA by email if you cannot attend your assessment.

    ", + "

    You must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.

    ", + "

    Preparing for the assessment

    ", + "

    Study the training guidance before you take the assessment.

    ", + "

    Sign up for email alerts to be told when the guidance is updated.

    ", + "

    Other preparation

    ", + "

    You should also study the following official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) publications:

    ", + "
  • The Highway Code
    • ", + "
  • Know your traffic signs
    • ", + "
  • Learning to Ride
    • ", + "
  • Riding - the Essential Skills
    • ", + "
  • Theory Test for Motorcyclists
    • ", + "

    You can buy them from most high street and online book shops.

    ", + "

    What to bring to your assessment

    ", + "

    You need to bring:

    ", + "
  • your valid driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your CBT1 card
    • ", + "
  • your joining instructions
    • ", + "
  • a fully taxed and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW
    • ", + "
  • a full-face safety helmet
    • ", + "

    If you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.

    ", + "

    Your assessment will be cancelled if you do not bring these.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re allowed to bring relevant training aids and preparation material with you.

    ", + "

    What the assessment involves

    ", + "

    There are 3 main sessions in the direct access scheme (DAS) instructor assessment. You\u2019ll get a full explanation before the assessment starts.

    ", + "

    Session 1 - theory

    ", + "

    This session lasts around 15 minutes. The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) assessor will play the role of a rider who:

    ", + "
  • has done their compulsory basic training (CBT) on a 125cc motorcycle
    • ", + "
  • is new to riding larger and more powerful motorcycles
    • ", + "

    You have to show and tell them the main differences between large motorcycles and the smaller motorcycles used for CBT. You\u2019ll do this alongside the motorcycle.

    ", + "

    Session 2 - on-site handling assessment

    ", + "

    In this session of the assessment you\u2019ll be given the scenario of a rider who has:

    ", + "
  • already taken CBT
    • ", + "
  • difficulties in the basic control of a large motorcycle when riding it on private land
    • ", + "

    You have to:

    ", + "
  • decide how to overcome the difficulties
    • ", + "
  • give instruction to develop the rider\u2019s basic skills off-road
    • ", + "

    The scenario will include 2 of the following riding skills requiring attention:

    ", + "
  • moving off and stopping the bike
    • ", + "
  • controlled braking
    • ", + "
  • gear-changing
    • ", + "
  • slow riding skills
    • ", + "
  • slow controlled turning (similar to the \u2018figure of 8\u2019 exercise on CBT)
    • ", + "

    Session 3 - on-road assessments

    ", + "

    This session of the assessment will last for around 1 hour 30 minutes. The assessor will play the part of a trainee.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to give 3 on-road lessons during this session.

    ", + "

    The assessor will select the lessons from:

    ", + "
  • positioning in normal riding and dealing with bends
    • ", + "
  • negotiating left and right turns at junctions
    • ", + "
  • dealing with different types of crossroads
    • ", + "
  • dealing with town centre riding
    • ", + "
  • negotiating roundabouts
    • ", + "
  • dealing with dual carriageways
    • ", + "
  • dealing with other traffic safely when following behind and overtaking other vehicles
    • ", + "
  • moving off from all positions
    • ", + "
  • riding in areas with a national speed limit
    • ", + "
  • joining and leaving dual carriageways and following behind other traffic
    • ", + "
  • dealing with overtaking, meeting, filtering and leaving enough clearance to stationary vehicles
    • ", + "
  • moving off, the emergency stop exercise, u-turn exercises (pushing and riding) and taking the motorcycle on and off the stand
    • ", + "

    During the on-road assessments

    ", + "

    During the ride you\u2019ll be expected to:

    ", + "
  • give any instruction you feel necessary
    • ", + "
  • correct any riding faults that may occur
    • ", + "

    You can ask the trainee to pull up so that you can give face-to-face instruction or guidance.

    ", + "

    Your assessment result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given your result and a debrief at the end of the assessment by the assessor. You\u2019ll be sent confirmation of your result by post.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to tell your approved training body your result.

    ", + "

    Passing the assessment

    ", + "

    If you pass, fill in Form 4 to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to give details of any motoring or non-motoring offences you\u2019ve got within the last 4 years on your application form. These will be taken into account when DVSA assesses your suitability to be authorised.

    ", + "

    You are not allowed to conduct DAS courses until you\u2019ve got your registration certificate.

    ", + "

    Failing the assessment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent another DAS assessment application form if you do not pass so you can book again if you want to.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dvsa-enhanced-rider-scheme-trainer", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can become a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer if you want to train fully qualified motorcyclists in the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.

    ", + "

    This is the new name for the register of post-test motorcycle trainers (RPMT).

    ", + "

    The scheme provides training for people who:

    ", + "
  • have recently passed their motorcycle test
    • ", + "
  • are upgrading to a bigger bike
    • ", + "
  • are returning to riding after a break
    • ", + "
  • want to improve their skills to be a better, safer rider
    • ", + "

    When you qualify, your details will be given to motorcyclists looking for training.

    ", + "

    Who can become a trainer

    ", + "

    To become a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer you must:

    ", + "
  • be 21 or older
    • ", + "
  • have had a full category A or A2 motorcycle licence for at least 3 years
    • ", + "

    Trainer test and registration fees

    ", + "Fee type | Price", + "Theory test | \u00a366", + "Registration and renewal fee (1 year) | \u00a390", + "Registration and renewal fee (4 years) | \u00a3240", + "

    Ways to become a trainer

    ", + "
  • Apply to become a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer.
    • ", + "
  • Get an advanced riding qualification if you do not already have one.
    • ", + "
  • Pass a theory test.
    • ", + "
  • If you\u2019re not a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor, you also need to take a training course accredited by DVSA.
    • ", + "

    You must complete the training course within 2 years of passing the theory test, or you\u2019ll have to start the process again.

    ", + "

    Advanced riding qualifications

    ", + "

    The advanced riding qualifications that are accepted are:

    ", + "
  • BMF Blue Riband rider award (gold or silver grade)
    • ", + "
  • DVSA special test (gold or silver grade)
    • ", + "
  • IAM Advanced Rider Course
    • ", + "
  • RoSPA advanced riding test (gold or silver grade)
    • ", + "
  • Diamond advanced motorcycle test or Diamond elite motorcycle test (if taken after 1 January 2017)
    • ", + "

    Taking the theory test

    ", + "

    You can book your instructor theory test when the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) has accepted your application to join the register.

    ", + "

    There are 2 parts to the test - multiple-choice questions and hazard perception. You have to pass both parts.

    ", + "

    You have 3 attempts to pass the test. If you fail the third attempt, you have to wait 12 months before you can take it again.

    ", + "

    Documents to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.

    ", + "

    If you have a paper licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right documents with you.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering at your test

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    Wearing glasses does not count as a good reason.

    ", + "

    You need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    You have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer 100 multiple-choice questions.

    ", + "

    Before the test starts you\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • instructions on how the test works
    • ", + "
  • the chance to do some practice questions
    • ", + "

    How the questions work

    ", + "

    There are 25 questions in each of these 4 categories:

    ", + "
  • rider practices and procedures, road and traffic signs, and motorway riding
    • ", + "
  • rider responsibilities, rider attitude, riders and the law, and environmental issues
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle and rider safety, motorcycle dynamics and handling, and dealing with incidents
    • ", + "
  • development and training, instructional and coaching techniques, and hazard perception
    • ", + "

    To pass the multiple-choice part, you must get both:

    ", + "
  • an overall score of at least 85 out of 100
    • ", + "
  • at least 20 out of 25 in each of the 4 categories of questions
    • ", + "

    Hazard perception

    ", + "

    Before you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips featuring everyday road scenes. These will contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard. You need to score at least 57 points out of 75 to pass this part.

    ", + "

    Managing your registration

    ", + "

    You must carry your Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer certificate with you whenever you are giving training.

    ", + "

    Renewing your registration

    ", + "

    Your registration lasts for either 1 year or 4 years. The registration and renewal fee is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a390 for 1 year
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3240 for 4 years
    • ", + "

    You should apply to renew your registration at least 2 weeks before your current registration runs out.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for remembering when to renew your registration.

    ", + "

    To renew, download the application form and send it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    If your registration expired in the last 12 months

    ", + "

    You can re-register using the same form. You will not have to go through the qualifying process again.

    ", + "

    Standards checks and monitoring

    ", + "

    You must take a standards check to make sure you can continue to be a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer. DVSA will contact you to arrange this.

    ", + "

    A DVSA examiner will watch you train a pupil to assess your training skills.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re checked depends on whether you\u2019re a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a DAS instructor

    ", + "

    Your standards check will be based on a DVSA enhanced rider scheme lesson.

    ", + "

    You must score 43 or more out of 51 to continue being an enhanced rider scheme trainer.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as an enhanced rider scheme trainer.

    ", + "

    If you cannot carry out a lesson because there\u2019s no pupil available

    ", + "

    The DVSA examiner will carry out a motorcycle trainer standards check while you provide compulsory basic training (CBT). You need to score 43 or above to pass.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as an enhanced rider scheme trainer, and will need to restart the qualification process. You can also be removed from the CBT instructor register.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a DAS instructor

    ", + "

    You must take a standards check within the first year of qualifying as a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer. DVSA will contact you to arrange this.

    ", + "

    Your standards check will be based on a DVSA enhanced rider scheme lesson.

    ", + "

    You must score 43 or more out of 51 to pass.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as a trainer.

    ", + "

    If this happens and you want to continue as a trainer, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • have an up to date recognised advanced rider qualification
    • ", + "
  • pass another theory test
    • ", + "
  • take additional training at an approved enhanced rider scheme trainer centre and provide proof of the development you\u2019ve taken
    • ", + "

    Documents to record training

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will email you the following documents when you first qualify:

    ", + "
  • DVSA enhanced rider scheme syllabus and list of modules
    • ", + "
  • rider\u2019s log book
    • ", + "
  • details of how to issue the DVSA certificate of competence
    • ", + "

    Use these to provide and record training, and to issue certificates to riders who complete the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be sent leaflets and posters you can use to advertise the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.

    ", + "

    If you lose your documents

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA to get the documents sent again.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Motorcycle trainer standards check", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-trainer-standards-check", + "contents": [ + "

    When you have to take the standards check

    ", + "

    The motorcycle trainer standards check assesses your ability to teach pupils on a compulsory basic training (CBT) course.

    ", + "

    You should take at least one standards check during each 4-year period that you\u2019re registered as a motorcycle trainer. You do not have to pay for the check.

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact the training body where you work to arrange a date and time for your standards check.

    ", + "

    You can be removed from the motorcycle trainer register if you keep missing your standards check.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for taking a standards check in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What happens at the standards check

    ", + "

    The check will take place at your motorcycle training body.

    ", + "

    A Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) examiner will watch you train a pupil (or a group of pupils) in a normal compulsory basic training (CBT) lesson.

    ", + "

    The lesson must include practical riding (elements C or E of the CBT syllabus). It can also include theoretical training and a pre-ride briefing (elements A, B or D).

    ", + "

    What you need to bring to the check

    ", + "

    For the check you need:

    ", + "
  • your motorcycle registration certificate
    • ", + "
  • a motorcycle that you can ride on roads, for example it must have up to date vehicle tax and an MOT certificate
    • ", + "
  • at least one pupil
    • ", + "

    Your mentor and training body authority holder cannot take part in the lesson.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll be marked on

    ", + "

    The examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standard for driver and rider training.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll follow guidance for carrying out the check and mark you on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into 3 categories:

    ", + "
  • lesson planning
    • ", + "
  • risk management
    • ", + "
  • teaching and learning skills
    • ", + "

    The 17 areas of competence are listed in the motorcycle trainer standards check form, which the examiner will fill in during your check.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to give a total score.

    ", + "

    Your standards check result

    ", + "

    After you give the lesson, the examiner will discuss your performance and give you the result. This will take about 15 minutes.

    ", + "

    You can invite your mentor or the training body authority holder to join you during this discussion.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent your completed standards check form by email.

    ", + "Total score | Result | Description", + "0 to 30 | Fail | Your performance is unsatisfactory", + "31 to 42 | Pass | Your performance is satisfactory", + "43 to 51 | Pass | You\u2019ve shown a high standard of instruction", + "

    Faults which mean you automatically fail

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically fail if:

    ", + "
  • you get a score of 7 or less in the \u2018risk management\u2019 category
    • ", + "
  • the examiner stops the lesson because you\u2019ve put yourself or someone else in danger
    • ", + "
  • you did not follow the compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus
    • ", + "
  • you incorrectly assessed a pupil\u2019s road riding, for example you gave them a CBT completion certificate but they should not have passed
    • ", + "

    If you fail the standards check

    ", + "

    You have up to 2 more attempts to pass the standards check.

    ", + "

    If you fail 3 times:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be removed from the motorcycle trainer register
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll have to retake the motorcycle trainer qualifying tests to join the register again
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Set up and run a motorcycle approved training body (ATB)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-run-motorcycle-approved-training-body-atb", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must be an approved training body (ATB) with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to provide:

    ", + "
  • compulsory basic training (CBT) for learner motorcyclists
    • ", + "
  • direct access scheme (DAS) training to riders learning to ride a large motorcycle
    • ", + "

    CBT and DAS training must be given by instructors certified by DVSA working for your approved training body.

    ", + "

    The sites you use to provide training from must also be approved by DVSA.

    ", + "

    The process is different Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Rules for being an ATB

    ", + "

    You must meet certain rules to be an approved training body (ATB).

    ", + "

    \u2018Fit and proper\u2019

    ", + "

    You must be a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person to run the ATB.

    ", + "

    When deciding if you\u2019re a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person, DVSA will look at if you have:

    ", + "
  • had any convictions in the last 4 years
    • ", + "
  • any motoring convictions
    • ", + "
  • been disqualified from driving
    • ", + "
  • any penalty points on your licence
    • ", + "
  • any court proceedings pending against you
    • ", + "

    Training

    ", + "

    You must provide compulsory basic training (CBT) as an ATB. Any CBT and direct access scheme (DAS) courses you provide must meet the legal requirements.

    ", + "

    The CBT syllabus and guidance notes gives full details on what must be provided.

    ", + "

    An instructor is only allowed to supervise up to 2 trainees during on-road tuition.

    ", + "

    Your instructors must be in radio contact with all trainees at all times during on-road tuition.

    ", + "

    Training sites

    ", + "

    You must have the use of a suitable site or sites for training in the off-road parts of the CBT course.

    ", + "

    These sites must be authorised by DVSA before they\u2019re used.

    ", + "

    Instructors

    ", + "

    You must make sure that all your instructors have a valid instructor certificate for the type of training they give. This must show the name of your ATB.

    ", + "

    At least 1 of your instructors must have successfully completed DVSA\u2019s assessment course for motorcycle training.

    ", + "

    DVSA-assessed instructors are allowed to train other people that you want to appoint as instructors - this is known as \u2018down-training\u2019.

    ", + "

    You should have at least 1 DVSA-assessed instructor for every 10 instructors that have been down-trained.

    ", + "

    Monitoring

    ", + "

    You should send all required information about the courses you provide to DVSA including:

    ", + "
  • reporting any incidents
    • ", + "
  • dates when you\u2019re providing CBT courses
    • ", + "
  • the CBT certificates of completion you issue
    • ", + "

    The ATB manual gives more details about what you have to send.

    ", + "

    Apply to become an ATB

    ", + "

    To apply to register an approved training body (ATB), download these 3 application forms, and send them to DVSA:

    ", + "
  • \u2018Application to provide compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\u2019
    • ", + "
  • \u2018Compulsory basic training (CBT) site application form\u2019
    • ", + "
  • \u2018Application to be authorised as a certified motorcycle instructor\u2019
    • ", + "

    It takes up to 8 weeks to process an application. This includes the time to inspect the site to be used for the off-road elements of compulsory basic training.

    ", + "

    Apply for CBT site authorisation

    ", + "

    All the sites you intend to use for the practical training and riding elements of the compulsory basic training (CBT) course must be authorised by DVSA.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use a site until you\u2019ve got authorisation from DVSA.

    ", + "

    Download the compulsory basic training site application form to apply for authorisation.

    ", + "

    Send the completed form to DVSA. You\u2019ll also need to include a draft plan of the intended site, eg an annotated satellite image.

    ", + "

    Site inspection

    ", + "

    DVSA will:

    ", + "
  • inspect the site
    • ", + "
  • send a site report to you
    • ", + "
  • send a unique site code to you if the site is suitable
    • ", + "

    The site report will explain any rules set by DVSA. This will include how many trainees are allowed on the site.

    ", + "

    You should make sure all your instructors are aware of these details.

    ", + "

    Changes to authorised sites

    ", + "

    You must tell DVSA straight away if a site is altered or added to.

    ", + "

    Download the compulsory basic training site application form and send it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to include:

    ", + "
  • a draft plan showing any changes to the original authorised site
    • ", + "
  • a permission letter signed by the site owner
    • ", + "

    The site\u2019s authorisation can be removed if it has become unsuitable.

    ", + "

    Stopping using a site

    ", + "

    You must tell DVSA straight away if you stop using a site for CBT.

    ", + "

    You can email DVSA - you\u2019ll need to include your approved training body number and the site\u2019s unique code.

    ", + "

    Providing the CBT course

    ", + "

    The compulsory basic training (CBT) course is made up of 5 parts.

    ", + "

    The course syllabus and the order in which the parts must be delivered is set out in law.

    ", + "

    CBT certificate of completion

    ", + "

    You must give trainees a CBT certificate of completion (DL196) when they reach the required standard.

    ", + "

    The certificate must be completed and signed by the instructor, usually the one who conducted part E of the CBT course.

    ", + "

    The name and address of your approved training body (ATB) should be included on the certificate.

    ", + "

    Ordering DL196 certificates

    ", + "

    You can buy books of DL196 certificates online from DVSA.

    ", + "

    Each book contains 25 certificates and costs \u00a3200.

    ", + "

    How your ATB is monitored

    ", + "

    DVSA monitors the standard of instruction given by:

    ", + "
  • approved training bodies (ATBs)
    • ", + "
  • instructors delivering compulsory basic training (CBT) courses
    • ", + "

    You must make your instructors available for regular standards checks.

    ", + "

    You should tell your local DVSA CBT manager the dates and times when your ATB will be running CBT courses.

    ", + "

    After an assessment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter of confirmation and report from DVSA after an assessment visit if the training delivered meets the required standard.

    ", + "

    DVSA can conduct more assessments if:

    ", + "
  • the training falls short of the required standard
    • ", + "
  • there are breaches of regulations
    • ", + "
  • there are reports of failure to follow the conditions of appointment
    • ", + "

    DVSA will consider withdrawing an instructor\u2019s authority to deliver courses if they fail to achieve the required standard during the subsequent assessments.

    ", + "

    DVSA can withdraw your ATB\u2019s authorisation to deliver training courses if assessments show that it doesn\u2019t consistently provide full and proper CBT courses.

    ", + "

    Disagreeing with DVSA\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal to DVSA if you or an instructor disagrees with DVSA\u2019s decision to withdraw their authority.

    ", + "

    Documents for ATBs

    ", + "

    DVSA produces the following documents for approved training bodies (ATBs).

    ", + "

    ATB manual

    ", + "

    The ATB manual gives more details about the rules and processes you should follow when you\u2019re running an ATB.

    ", + "

    Safe and Responsible Riding

    ", + "

    The \u2018National standard for riding mopeds and motorcycles\u2019 sets out the skills, knowledge and understanding that learners need to prove they\u2019re safe and responsible riders.

    ", + "

    Compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus and guidance notes

    ", + "

    The CBT syllabus and guidance notes sets out what trainers need to do and what learners need to understand when taking the course.

    ", + "

    Direct access scheme (DAS) motorcycle training guidance

    ", + "

    The DAS motorcycle training guidance sets out what trainers need to do and what learners need to understand when taking the course.

    ", + "

    Changes to the CBT syllabus and guidance notes

    ", + "

    You can keep up to date with new versions if you sign up for DVSA email alerts.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Become a fleet driver trainer", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-a-fleet-driver-trainer", + "contents": [ + "

    How to qualify as a fleet driver trainer

    ", + "

    You can apply to join the voluntary register of fleet driver trainers if you specialise in training fully qualified drivers of fleets of cars and vans.

    ", + "

    You must be an approved driving instructor to join the register.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to take a training course accredited by DVSA to qualify as a fleet driver trainer.

    ", + "

    You must join the register within 1 year of completing the course.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve qualified

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve qualified and joined the register:

    ", + "
  • your details will be given to people looking for fleet driver training
    • ", + "
  • you can advertise yourself as a \u2018Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency registered fleet driver trainer\u2019
    • ", + "

    Your registration as a fleet driver trainer will last for 4 years.

    ", + "

    Apply to become a fleet driver trainer

    ", + "

    To apply, download and fill in the application form and send it to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).

    ", + "

    Training course already done

    ", + "

    You can send the form to DVSA if you\u2019ve already done an accredited training course. You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • the registration fee of \u00a3120
    • ", + "
  • your driving licence number if you have a photocard driving licence, or a passport-style photo if you have an old-style paper licence
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your course certificate
    • ", + "

    You must have done the course within the last year.

    ", + "

    Managing your registration

    ", + "

    Your registration will last for 4 years from when you join the register.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for remembering when your registration runs out and renewing it.

    ", + "

    To renew your registration, download and fill in the application form and send it to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) with the fee of \u00a3120 and a passport-style photo.

    ", + "

    You can re-join the register without having to qualify again within 12 months of your registration running out.

    ", + "

    Replace a certificate

    ", + "

    You should write to DVSA if your registration certificate is lost, stolen or destroyed.

    ", + "

    You can get a new certificate by sending a passport-style photo to DVSA and paying \u00a33.60.

    ", + "

    Advertising your services

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to advertise yourself as a \u2018DVSA registered fleet driver trainer\u2019. You can also apply to use the official DVSA logo.

    ", + "

    Taking standards checks

    ", + "

    You have to take regular standards checks as an approved driving instructor (ADI). This assesses your continuing ability to instruct someone with a provisional or full driving licence.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to take a separate check to stay on the fleet driver trainer register.

    ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    Standards checks are based on the examiner observing a normal lesson which should last for around an hour. After the lesson you should allow at least 15 minutes for the debrief.

    ", + "

    You can bring a learner driver or a full licence holder who can be:

    ", + "
  • a driver you haven\u2019t assessed
    • ", + "
  • a driver you have assessed
    • ", + "

    A driver you haven\u2019t assessed

    ", + "

    You can bring a driver you haven\u2019t assessed and:

    ", + "
  • give a presentation on occupational risk
    • ", + "
  • introduce them to the training vehicle, covering safety checks
    • ", + "
  • do a driver assessment and profile to establish their main risk areas and provide the necessary coaching
    • ", + "

    A driver you have assessed

    ", + "

    You can bring a driver you\u2019ve already assessed. You\u2019ll need to tell the examiner what main risk areas you intend to provide coaching for during the standards check.

    ", + "

    Your standards check result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a grade at the end of your standards check. This works the same as a normal ADI standards check.

    ", + "

    Being removed from the register

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be removed from both the ADI register and the register of fleet drivers if you:

    ", + "
  • fail the standards check
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t attend your standards check appointment
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "16 to 19 Bursary Fund", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/1619-bursary-fund", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You could get a bursary to help with education-related costs if you\u2019re aged 16 to 19 and:

    ", + "
  • studying at a publicly funded school or college in England - not a university
    • ", + "
  • on a training course, including unpaid work experience
    • ", + "

    A publicly funded school is one that does not charge you for attending it.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different scheme in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 19 and over

    ", + "

    You could also get a bursary if you either:

    ", + "
  • are continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201919+ continuer\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP)
    • ", + "

    What a bursary is for

    ", + "

    A bursary is money that you, or your education or training provider, can use to pay for things like:

    ", + "
  • clothing, books and other equipment for your course
    • ", + "
  • transport and lunch on days you study or train
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of 16 to 19 bursary:

    ", + "
  • a bursary for students in vulnerable groups
    • ", + "
  • a discretionary bursary
    • ", + "

    Bursary for students in vulnerable groups

    ", + "

    You could get a bursary worth up to \u00a31,200, depending on your circumstances and benefits.

    ", + "

    Discretionary bursary

    ", + "

    You could get a discretionary bursary if you need financial help but do not qualify for a bursary for students in vulnerable groups. Your education or training provider decides how much you get and what it\u2019s used for.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 19, you\u2019ll only be eligible for a discretionary bursary.

    ", + "

    Your provider will decide how you get your bursary. You might get:

    ", + "
  • an instalment paid by cash, cheque or bank transfer
    • ", + "
  • things like a travel pass, free meals or books
    • ", + "

    Some providers also offer one-off payments to cover study trips or travel for university interviews.

    ", + "

    Your provider could stop payments if you break their rules, for example about attendance or how your bursary is used.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • be at least 16 and under 19 on 31 August 2021
    • ", + "
  • study at a publicly funded school or college, or be on an unpaid training course
    • ", + "
  • meet the residency requirements - your school or college can check this
    • ", + "

    Bursary for students in vulnerable groups

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a bursary if at least one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in or you recently left local authority care
    • ", + "
  • you get Income Support or Universal Credit because you\u2019re financially supporting yourself
    • ", + "
  • you get Disability Living Allowance (DLA) in your name and either Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • you get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) in your name and either ESA or Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    The amount you may get depends on the costs you have and what you need for your course. This might include money for books, equipment or travel costs to school or college.

    ", + "

    Discretionary bursary

    ", + "

    Your school or college will have their own criteria for discretionary bursaries. They\u2019ll look at your individual circumstances - this usually includes your family income.

    ", + "

    Ask student services about their criteria and any evidence you\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    You can apply to a discretionary bursary if you\u2019re over 19 and either:

    ", + "
  • continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201819+ continuer\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP)
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Apply to your school, college or training provider. Ask student services or your tutor to explain what you need to do.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    Apply once you know where you\u2019ll study or train, so you\u2019ll get your bursary as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    You might need to reapply for a bursary for each year of your course. Check with your provider.

    ", + "

    Help

    ", + "

    Your tutor or student services can help you decide if you\u2019re eligible for a bursary and explain how to apply.

    ", + "

    Contact the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA) if your tutor or student services cannot answer your question.

    ", + "

    You think a decision is unfair

    ", + "

    Speak to student services if you\u2019re unhappy with a decision. Follow their complaints process if you cannot resolve the problem.

    ", + "

    Emergencies and hardship

    ", + "

    You might be able to get more support if your circumstances change or you have an emergency. Your provider might also have a separate hardship fund. Speak to student services if you need extra help.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Advanced Learner Loan", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for an Advanced Learner Loan to help with the costs of a course at a college or training provider in England.

    ", + "

    Loan eligibility does not depend on your income and there are no credit checks.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible before you apply for an Advanced Learner Loan.

    ", + "

    Different funding is available if you want to study in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales.

    ", + "

    When you repay your loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.

    ", + "

    Access to Higher Education (HE) course

    ", + "

    Student Finance England will \u2018write off\u2019 any outstanding Advanced Learner Loan balances you owe for an Access to HE course once you complete a higher education course. This means you do not have to repay it.

    ", + "

    The higher education course must be eligible for student finance.

    ", + "

    Loan Bursary Fund

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible for money from the Advanced Learner Loan Bursary Fund if you need help with some costs while studying, for example childcare, travel or trips related to your course.

    ", + "

    Use the Money Advice Service to work out the cost of borrowing.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • the type of course
    • ", + "
  • your course fees
    • ", + "
  • the maximum loan available for your course
    • ", + "

    The minimum loan you can get is \u00a3300 and is paid directly to your college or training provider.

    ", + "

    You do not have to borrow the full cost of your course - you can pay for some of it yourself.

    ", + "

    Number of loans you can get

    ", + "

    You can apply for up to 4 loans and you can get more than one at the same time.

    ", + "

    You can apply for another loan to take the same level of a course, for example the same level qualification in History if you\u2019ve already had a loan for the same level in Maths.

    ", + "

    You can only apply once for an Access to Higher Education course.

    ", + "

    A Levels

    ", + "

    You can apply for a loan to fund each course you take towards your A Levels - up to a maximum of 4 A Levels.

    ", + "

    This means you can have up to 8 loans if you\u2019re taking each A Level as 2 separate courses.

    ", + "

    The courses must be in the same subject to qualify for a full A Level.

    ", + "

    You can get 3 more loans for non A Level courses either before or after your course of A Levels.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Whether you qualify for an Advanced Learner Loan depends on your:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • course
    • ", + "
  • college or training provider
    • ", + "
  • nationality or residency status
    • ", + "

    You must be 19 or older on the first day of your course.

    ", + "

    Your course must be:

    ", + "
  • a Level 3, 4, 5 or 6 qualification, for example A Levels or graduate certificate
    • ", + "
  • at an approved college or training provider in England
    • ", + "

    Ask your college or training provider if you do not know if your course is eligible.

    ", + "

    Your nationality or residency status

    ", + "

    In most cases, all of the following must apply. You must:

    ", + "
  • be living in the UK on the first day of your course
    • ", + "
  • be a UK national or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (this means there are no restrictions on how long you can stay)
    • ", + "
  • have been living in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years before starting your course
    • ", + "

    If you have settled status because you\u2019re a victim of domestic violence, you do not need to have lived in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years.

    ", + "

    You may also qualify if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a UK national, or someone with settled status, but you live in the European Economic Area (EEA)
    • ", + "
  • an EU national or a family member of one
    • ", + "
  • not a UK national but you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)
    • ", + "
  • a refugee or a relative of one
    • ", + "
  • a migrant worker
    • ", + "
  • the child of a Swiss national
    • ", + "
  • the child of a Turkish worker
    • ", + "
  • under humanitarian protection or a relative of someone who has been granted it
    • ", + "
  • staying in the UK as a stateless person (or their family member) and your course started on or after 1 August 2018
    • ", + "
  • a serving member of the UK armed forces (or their spouse, civil partner or a dependent parent or child living with them) doing a distance learning course from outside the UK that started on or after 1 August 2017
    • ", + "
  • someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain or a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain - if your course starts on or after 1 August 2020 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course
    • ", + "

    Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.

    ", + "

    You need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "
  • Check with your college or training provider that the course qualifies.
    • ", + "
  • Ask them for a \u2018Learning and funding information\u2019 letter - you need this to complete the application. It contains the details about your course.
    • ", + "
  • Apply online - you\u2019ll need to register first. You can apply by post if you cannot apply online.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a letter confirming your loan - usually within 2 weeks if you apply online (postal applications take longer).
    • ", + "

    What you need to know

    ", + "

    You cannot apply until you get a \u2018learning and funding information letter\u2019 from your college or training provider.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a loan without a National Insurance number but you must have one before the loan can be paid.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online, apply by post - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Proof of identity

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a UK national, include your UK passport details in your application as proof of identity. If you forget, use the \u2018UK passport details form\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    Include your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an EU country, send your EU passport or identity card the first time you apply.

    ", + "

    Supporting information

    ", + "

    Use the \u2018Evidence return form\u2019 if you need to send extra information to support your application, such as proof of residency status.

    ", + "

    Change an application

    ", + "

    Once your application has been approved you can log in to your account to make a change online.

    ", + "

    If you just want to change your loan amount you can use the loan request form instead.

    ", + "

    Bursary fund

    ", + "

    You may apply to get money from the Loan Bursary Fund after you\u2019ve received a letter approving your Advanced Learner Loan.

    ", + "

    The money can help pay for things like:

    ", + "
  • accommodation and travel
    • ", + "
  • course materials and equipment
    • ", + "
  • childcare
    • ", + "
  • classroom assistance for a disability or learning difficulty - once you\u2019re assessed by your college or training provider
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Apply to your college or training provider - each one has its own application process. How much you get depends on the provider\u2019s scheme and your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Speak to student services if you need support with your application.

    ", + "

    How the money is paid

    ", + "

    Your college or training provider decides how the money is paid. You\u2019ll normally be paid direct. You might be able to arrange for the money to be paid to someone else instead, for example your landlord or childcare provider.

    ", + "

    In some situations fund money must be paid back. This is generally if you\u2019re a student experiencing a temporary financial difficulty and need a loan, for example for help with your mortgage or rent.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:

    ", + "
  • Professional and Career Development Loans
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • getting student finance for higher education
    • ", + "
  • on an apprenticeship training scheme
    • ", + "
  • on a Community Learning course
    • ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    Contact your college or training provider to appeal a decision from the Loan Bursary Fund.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Become an apprentice", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-apprentice", + "contents": [ + "

    How apprenticeships work

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships combine practical training in a job with study.

    ", + "

    As an apprentice you\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • be an employee earning a wage and getting holiday pay
    • ", + "
  • work alongside experienced staff
    • ", + "
  • gain job-specific skills
    • ", + "
  • get time for training and study related to your role (at least 20% of your normal working hours)
    • ", + "

    Apprenticeships take 1 to 5 years to complete depending on their level.

    ", + "

    Levels of apprenticeship

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships have equivalent educational levels.

    ", + " | Level | Equivalent educational level", + "Intermediate | 2 | GCSE", + "Advanced | 3 | A level", + "Higher | 4,5,6 and 7 | Foundation degree and above", + "Degree | 6 and 7 | Bachelor\u2019s or master\u2019s degree", + "

    Some apprenticeships may also give you an additional qualification, such as a diploma.

    ", + "

    Who can start an apprenticeship

    ", + "

    To start an apprenticeship, you\u2019ll need to be:

    ", + "
  • 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • living in England
    • ", + "
  • not in full-time education
    • ", + "

    You can apply for an apprenticeship while you\u2019re still at school but you\u2019ll need to be 16 or over by the end of the summer holidays to start the apprenticeship.

    ", + "

    If you need more experience

    ", + "

    If you feel you\u2019re not ready for an apprenticeship, a traineeship is a course designed to prepare you for one.

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Different organisations deal with apprenticeships in:

    ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    As an apprentice, you\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • paid and be entitled to the National Minimum Wage
    • ", + "
  • time for training or study as part of your apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • holiday pay and other employee rights
    • ", + "

    Apprentice pay and the National Minimum Wage

    ", + "

    There are different rates of pay for apprentices depending on your age and what year of your apprenticeship you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    Your employment contract should confirm your rate of pay.

    ", + "

    Aged 16 to 18

    ", + "

    The current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.

    ", + "

    Aged 19 or over and in your first year

    ", + "

    The current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.

    ", + "

    Aged 19 or over and have completed your first year

    ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage rate for your age.

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re being paid the minimum wage with the National Minimum Wage and Living Wage calculator.

    ", + "

    Time apprentices are paid for

    ", + "

    You must be paid for:

    ", + "
  • your normal working hours
    • ", + "
  • training that\u2019s part of your apprenticeship (at least 20% of your normal working hours)
    • ", + "
  • study towards English and maths qualifications, if they\u2019re part of your apprenticeship
    • ", + "

    Your normal working hours should be in your employment contract (this might be your apprenticeship agreement).

    ", + "

    There are rules about how many hours you can work in a week and being paid overtime.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying for English and maths qualifications which are part of your apprenticeship, your employer should allow you time to study during your normal working hours.

    ", + "

    Training

    ", + "

    As an apprentice, at least 20% of your normal working hours must be spent on training.

    ", + "

    Your training might happen every week, every month or in a separate block of time.

    ", + "

    The training might take place:

    ", + "
  • at your place of work
    • ", + "
  • somewhere else like at a college or training provider
    • ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "

    Your training provider will be able to tell you when and where your training will be.

    ", + "

    Holidays

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get at least 20 days paid holiday per year, plus bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Use the holiday calculator to check holiday entitlement for apprentices.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in local authority care

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 25 when you start your apprenticeship and have previously been in local authority care, you may be eligible for a bursary payment.

    ", + "

    Ask your training provider for more information about what you\u2019ll get, if you\u2019re eligible and how to apply.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Your school, college or training provider may be able to give you advice about apprenticeships.

    ", + "

    Contact Acas for free and confidential advice on your rights at work.

    ", + "

    Contact the Support Service for Apprentices for mental health support and advice.

    ", + "

    Apply for an apprenticeship

    ", + "

    There are 3 steps to applying for an apprenticeship.

    ", + "
  • Search for an apprenticeship.
    • ", + "
  • Sign in or create an account.
    • ", + "
  • Complete and submit your application.
    • ", + "

    The National Careers Service has advice on writing applications and what to do at interviews.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying again because you were made redundant from your last apprenticeship, call the Apprenticeship helpline. You can also talk to your training provider.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unsuccessful

    ", + "

    You can ask for feedback if you do not get selected for an interview or for the apprenticeship.

    ", + "

    You can complain if you think you were not successful because you were discriminated against, or your treatment in the interview or application process was unfair.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Employing an apprentice", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employing-an-apprentice", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Apprentices are aged 16 or over and combine working with studying to gain skills and knowledge in a specific job.

    ", + "

    Apprentices can be new or current employees.

    ", + "

    You must pay the apprentice at least the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Your apprentice must:

    ", + "
  • work with experienced staff
    • ", + "
  • learn job-specific skills
    • ", + "
  • get time for training or study during their working week (at least 20% of their normal working hours)
    • ", + "

    Hiring your apprentice

    ", + "

    There are several steps to taking on an apprentice.

    ", + "
  • Choose an apprenticeship for your business or organisation.
    • ", + "
  • Find an organisation that offers training for the apprenticeship you\u2019ve chosen.
    • ", + "
  • Check what funding is available for training and other costs to your organisation.
    • ", + "
  • Advertise your apprenticeship - you or your training provider can do this through the recruit an apprentice service.
    • ", + "
  • Select your apprentice and make an apprenticeship agreement and commitment statement with them.
    • ", + "

    If you do not want to hire and train the apprentice yourself, you can use an apprenticeship training agency. The apprentice will be employed by the agency but will work in your organisation.

    ", + "

    How long it lasts

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships must last for at least a year. They can last up to 5 years depending on the level the apprentice is studying.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Fill in the enquiry form or contact the National Apprenticeship Service for more information.

    ", + "

    You can get more information or use the webchat service on the apprenticeship service employer support site.

    ", + "

    Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Contact your apprenticeship authority if you\u2019re an employer in:

    ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Get funding

    ", + "

    You can get help from the government:

    ", + "
  • to pay for apprenticeship training and assessment
    • ", + "
  • as an incentive payment for other costs
    • ", + "

    Help to pay for apprenticeship training and assessment

    ", + "

    The amount you get depends on whether you pay the apprenticeship levy or not. You pay the levy if you\u2019re an employer with a pay bill over \u00a33 million each year.

    ", + "

    If you do not need to pay the levy

    ", + "

    You pay 5% towards the cost of training and assessing your apprentice. You need to:

    ", + "
  • agree a payment schedule with the training provider
    • ", + "
  • pay them directly for the training
    • ", + "

    The government will pay the rest (95%) up to the funding band maximum. They\u2019ll pay it directly to the training provider.

    ", + "

    You could be eligible for extra funding depending on both your and your apprentice\u2019s circumstances.

    ", + "

    You contribute 10% towards the cost of training and assessing your apprentice and the government pays the rest (90%) if your apprentice started before 1 April 2019. This rate continues until your apprentice completes their training.

    ", + "

    If you pay the levy

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive funds to spend on training and assessing your apprentices. The government will add 10%.

    ", + "

    How you get your funds and pay for training depends on whether you\u2019re in:

    ", + "
  • England
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Help to pay for other costs

    ", + "

    You can claim for an incentive payment for new apprentices who join your organisation.

    ", + "

    You can claim \u00a33,000 for apprentices who start between 1 April 2021 and 30 September 2021.

    ", + "

    The closing date for applications is 30 November 2021.

    ", + "

    Find out if you are eligible, what you can use the payment for and how to apply.

    ", + "

    Register for a digital service account

    ", + "

    Register for an apprenticeship service account to access funds or pay for training. You\u2019ll be able to apply for the incentive payment after you add new apprentices to your account.

    ", + "

    If you pay the apprenticeship levy and use an apprenticeship training agency, you cannot use funds from your digital account to pay for the training agency\u2019s services.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Fill in the enquiry form or contact the National Apprenticeship Service for more information.

    ", + "

    You can get more information or use the webchat service on the apprenticeship service employer support site.

    ", + "

    Pay and conditions for apprentices

    ", + "

    You are responsible for:

    ", + "
  • giving your apprentice their contract of employment
    • ", + "
  • paying your apprentice\u2019s wage
    • ", + "
  • signing an apprenticeship agreement
    • ", + "

    Pay for apprentices

    ", + "

    You must pay apprentices at least the National Minimum Wage.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s different rates of pay for apprentices depending on their age and what year of their apprenticeship they\u2019ve completed.

    ", + "

    The contract of employment should make it clear what wage you\u2019ll pay your apprentice and for what hours.

    ", + "

    Aged 16 to 18

    ", + "

    The current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.

    ", + "

    Aged 19 or over and in their first year

    ", + "

    The current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.

    ", + "

    Aged 19 or over and have completed their first year

    ", + "

    Apprentices will be entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage rate for their age.

    ", + "

    Use the National Minimum Wage and Living Wage calculator to check if you\u2019re paying your apprentices correctly.

    ", + "

    Conditions

    ", + "

    Apprentices must work towards an approved apprenticeship. Their training must last at least 12 months.

    ", + "

    They must be employed in a real job that gives them the opportunity to gain the knowledge and skills they need to pass their assessment.

    ", + "

    Training and study

    ", + "

    You must pay your apprentice for time spent training or studying for their apprenticeship.

    ", + "

    Apprentices must spend at least 20% of their normal working hours training.

    ", + "

    The training might take place:

    ", + "
  • at their place of work
    • ", + "
  • somewhere else (for example, a college or training provider)
    • ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "

    If your apprentice is also studying for English or maths qualifications required by their apprenticeship, they are entitled to paid study time during their normal working hours.

    ", + "

    Employee rights

    ", + "

    You must offer apprentices the same conditions as other employees working at similar grades or in similar roles. This includes:

    ", + "
  • paid holidays
    • ", + "
  • sick pay
    • ", + "
  • any benefits you offer such as childcare voucher schemes
    • ", + "
  • any support you offer such as coaching or mentoring
    • ", + "

    Apprentices and redundancy

    ", + "

    Apprentices have the same employment rights as your other employees. Follow the process for making staff redundant if you have to make an apprentice redundant.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice if you want to end the apprenticeship early for another reason.

    ", + "

    Support for apprentices

    ", + "

    Your apprentice can get support if they\u2019re being made redundant or are at risk of redundancy.

    ", + "

    They can get:

    ", + "
  • financial and legal advice
    • ", + "
  • support for their health and wellbeing
    • ", + "
  • help finding another apprenticeship
    • ", + "

    Make an apprenticeship agreement

    ", + "

    You must sign an apprenticeship agreement with your apprentice.

    ", + "

    This gives details of:

    ", + "
  • the skill, trade or occupation the apprentice is being trained for
    • ", + "
  • the name of the apprenticeship they\u2019re working towards
    • ", + "
  • the start and end dates for the apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • the amount of training you\u2019ll give them
    • ", + "

    You can write your own apprentice agreement or download an apprenticeship agreement template.

    ", + "

    Commitment statement

    ", + "

    You must sign a commitment statement with your apprentice and the training provider.

    ", + "

    You can write your own commitment statement or use the ESFA apprenticeship commitment statement template.

    ", + "

    It must include:

    ", + "
  • the planned content and schedule for training
    • ", + "
  • what is expected and offered by the employer, the training provider and the apprentice
    • ", + "
  • how to resolve queries or complaints
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Further education courses and funding", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/further-education-courses", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Further education (FE) includes any study after secondary education that\u2019s not part of higher education (that is, not taken as part of an undergraduate or graduate degree).

    ", + "

    Courses range from basic English and maths to Higher National Diplomas (HNDs).

    ", + "

    FE also includes 3 types of technical and applied qualifications for 16 to 19-year-olds:

    ", + "
  • level 3 tech levels to specialise in a specific technical job
    • ", + "
  • level 2 technical certificates help get employment or progress to another tech level
    • ", + "
  • applied general qualifications to continue general education at advanced level through applied learning
    • ", + "

    Funding

    ", + "

    Many courses in reading, writing and basic maths are free, and you may not have to pay for tuition if you\u2019re under 24 and studying for your first qualification equivalent to GCSE or A level.

    ", + "

    Find out about financial support, for example for your course or day-to-day living costs.

    ", + "

    Find a course

    ", + "

    Use the National Careers Service course search to find further education (FE) courses by course name, provider or subject.

    ", + "

    You can also take courses through the internet or email (known as \u2018distance learning\u2019).

    ", + "

    Comparing FE colleges

    ", + "

    You can compare survey data from employers and learners about FE colleges.

    ", + "

    Advice

    ", + "

    You can get free advice from the National Careers Service if you need help choosing a course.

    ", + "

    If you're 16 or 17

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re aged 16 or 17 you can study a further education (FE) course:

    ", + "
  • full-time at school or college
    • ", + "
  • while at work
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re coming towards the end of a school or college course, you\u2019re guaranteed a place on an FE course the following autumn if you\u2019re under 18 years old.

    ", + "

    Contact your school or local council to find out what\u2019s on offer.

    ", + "

    Advice

    ", + "

    Get advice to help you decide on the right course from a National Careers Service adviser.

    ", + "

    Financial help

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with the costs of:

    ", + "
  • your course
    • ", + "
  • day-to-day living costs
    • ", + "
  • childcare
    • ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances and the subject you\u2019re studying, you may qualify for:

    ", + "
  • Learner Support
    • ", + "
  • Residential Support Scheme
    • ", + "
  • Care to Learn
    • ", + "
  • Dance and Drama Awards
    • ", + "
  • 16 to 19 Bursary Fund
    • ", + "
  • a loan to help with the costs of a college or training course if you\u2019re 19 or older - called an Advanced Learning Loan
    • ", + "

    Funding for essential skills

    ", + "

    In most cases you will not have to pay for level 1 and 2 English and maths courses. You might be able to take other courses for free.

    ", + "

    Funding if you\u2019re on benefits

    ", + "

    You can get free training if you\u2019re unemployed and:

    ", + "
  • claiming Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • in an Employment and Support Allowance work-related activity group
    • ", + "
  • required to do training as part of your Universal Credit claim
    • ", + "

    Your Jobcentre work coach will tell you what training you can do.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming other benefits or cannot get free training through your job centre, you may be able to get funding from colleges and training providers.

    ", + "

    Funding from a charitable trust

    ", + "

    Use the Family Action grant search to check if you can get help from a charitable trust.

    ", + "

    Advice

    ", + "

    Find out more about courses and what financial help you can get through the National Careers Service.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get funding for college accommodation", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/residential-support-scheme", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with the cost of term-time accommodation if you\u2019re studying a further education course that\u2019s far from your home.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your household income.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to get help with boarding school fees.

    ", + "

    What you can apply for

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to get money from the following:

    ", + "
  • Residential Bursary Fund (RBF), if you study at a specialist residential centre
    • ", + "
  • Residential Support Scheme (RSS), if you do not study at a specialist residential centre
    • ", + "

    Residential Bursary Fund

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with the cost of accommodation from the Residential Bursary Fund (RBF).

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • meet the residency requirements (your college will check this)
    • ", + "
  • be at least 16 and under 19 on 31 August 2021
    • ", + "

    You may be eligible if you\u2019re 19 and either:

    ", + "
  • continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18
    • ", + "
  • have an education, health and care plan (EHCP)
    • ", + "

    Your course must:

    ", + "
  • be at a specialist residential centre (your college can confirm this)
    • ", + "
  • be too far to travel to each day (your college must agree with this)
    • ", + "
  • be full-time
    • ", + "
  • be \u201816 to 19 funded\u2019 (your college can confirm this)
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    Your college will decide how much you get. It depends on your household income.

    ", + "

    You can get payments for a maximum of 3 years.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Contact the student support officer at your college for an application form and help with applying.

    ", + "

    Residential Support Scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with the cost of accommodation from the Residential Support Scheme (RSS).

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • be at least 16 and under 19 on 31 August 2021
    • ", + "
  • meet the residency requirements (your college will check this)
    • ", + "
  • not be on housing benefit
    • ", + "
  • have a household income of less than \u00a330,993
    • ", + "
  • be studying your first level 2 or level 3 qualification (for example 2 or more A levels, a diploma or a national vocational qualification)
    • ", + "

    You may be eligible if you\u2019re 19 and either:

    ", + "
  • continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18
    • ", + "
  • have an education, health and care plan (EHCP)
    • ", + "

    Your course must:

    ", + "
  • not be at a specialist residential centre (your college can confirm this)
    • ", + "
  • be full-time at a college in England
    • ", + "
  • be \u201816 to 19 funded\u2019 (your college can confirm this)
    • ", + "

    Your course must also be more than either 15 miles or a 2 hour round trip from your home, and not available any closer than that.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    The table shows the maximum you can get each year. The actual amount you can get depends on your accommodation costs.

    ", + "Gross household income | Studying outside London | Studying in London", + "Up to \u00a321,000 | Up to \u00a33,458 | Up to \u00a34,079", + "\u00a321,001 to \u00a325,704 | Up to \u00a32,305 | Up to \u00a32,685", + "\u00a325,705 to \u00a330,993 | Up to \u00a31,152 | Up to \u00a31,355", + "\u00a330,994 or more | No award | No award", + "

    You can get payments for a maximum of 3 years.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Contact the student support officer at your college for an application form and help with applying.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Learner Support", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re aged 19 or over, on a further education course and facing financial hardship, you could get Learner Support.

    ", + "

    You apply to your learning provider (for example your college) for Learner Support. How much you get depends on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    The money can help pay for things like:

    ", + "
  • accommodation and travel
    • ", + "
  • course materials and equipment
    • ", + "
  • childcare - if you qualify
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Your learning provider (for example, a college) decides how much you get. It depends on their scheme and your circumstances.

    ", + "

    How the money is paid

    ", + "

    The money could be:

    ", + "
  • a direct payment to you - which you don\u2019t have to pay back
    • ", + "
  • a loan - which you have to pay back
    • ", + "
  • paid to someone else, for example a landlord
    • ", + "

    Your learning provider decides how the money is paid to you. It depends on their scheme and what the money is for.

    ", + "

    Check with the student support staff at your college or the National Careers Service about other funding you could get.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To get Learner Support you must be:

    ", + "
  • 19 or over
    • ", + "
  • studying at a learning provider funded by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (check with your college)
    • ", + "

    You must be 20 or over to get help with childcare costs. If you\u2019re 19, apply for Care to Learn instead.

    ", + "

    You can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:

    ", + "
  • Professional and Career Development Loans
    • ", + "
  • Care to Learn
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "

    Who can\u2019t apply

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • getting student finance for higher education
    • ", + "
  • on a Community Learning course
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Apply directly to your learning provider (for example, a college) - they each have their own application process.

    ", + "

    Speak to your student support services to:

    ", + "
  • get help applying
    • ", + "
  • find out what\u2019s available
    • ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not happy with the decision about your Learner Support, contact your learning provider to appeal it.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "What qualification levels mean", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-different-qualification-levels-mean", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Most qualifications have a difficulty level. The higher the level, the more difficult the qualification is.

    ", + "

    If you need to know the level of a qualification, you can:

    ", + "
  • see a list of qualification levels in England, Wales and Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • use the Register of Regulated Qualifications - if you know the name of the qualification and the exam board that runs it
    • ", + "
  • compare qualification levels from other countries
    • ", + "

    Qualifications at the same level sometimes cover different amounts of the same subject.

    ", + "

    Help

    ", + "

    Contact the National Careers Service for advice about qualification levels if you\u2019re in England.

    ", + "

    For the rest of the UK, contact:

    ", + "
  • Skills Development Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Careers Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland Direct
    • ", + "

    England, Wales and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    There are 9 qualification levels.

    ", + "

    Entry level

    ", + "

    Each entry level qualification is available at three sub-levels - 1, 2 and 3. Entry level 3 is the most difficult.

    ", + "

    Entry level qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • entry level award
    • ", + "
  • entry level certificate (ELC)
    • ", + "
  • entry level diploma
    • ", + "
  • entry level English for speakers of other languages (ESOL)
    • ", + "
  • entry level essential skills
    • ", + "
  • entry level functional skills
    • ", + "
  • Skills for Life
    • ", + "

    Level 1

    ", + "

    Level 1 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • first certificate
    • ", + "
  • GCSE - grades 3, 2, 1 or grades D, E, F, G
    • ", + "
  • level 1 award
    • ", + "
  • level 1 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 1 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 1 ESOL
    • ", + "
  • level 1 essential skills
    • ", + "
  • level 1 functional skills
    • ", + "
  • level 1 national vocational qualification (NVQ)
    • ", + "
  • music grades 1, 2 and 3
    • ", + "

    Level 2

    ", + "

    Level 2 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • CSE - grade 1
    • ", + "
  • GCSE - grades 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 or grades A*, A, B, C
    • ", + "
  • intermediate apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • level 2 award
    • ", + "
  • level 2 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 2 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 2 ESOL
    • ", + "
  • level 2 essential skills
    • ", + "
  • level 2 functional skills
    • ", + "
  • level 2 national certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 2 national diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 2 NVQ
    • ", + "
  • music grades 4 and 5
    • ", + "
  • O level - grade A, B or C
    • ", + "

    Level 3

    ", + "

    Level 3 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • A level
    • ", + "
  • access to higher education diploma
    • ", + "
  • advanced apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • applied general
    • ", + "
  • AS level
    • ", + "
  • international Baccalaureate diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 3 award
    • ", + "
  • level 3 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 3 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 3 ESOL
    • ", + "
  • level 3 national certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 3 national diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 3 NVQ
    • ", + "
  • music grades 6, 7 and 8
    • ", + "
  • tech level
    • ", + "

    Level 4

    ", + "

    Level 4 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • certificate of higher education (CertHE)
    • ", + "
  • higher apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • higher national certificate (HNC)
    • ", + "
  • level 4 award
    • ", + "
  • level 4 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 4 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 4 NVQ
    • ", + "

    Level 5

    ", + "

    Level 5 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • diploma of higher education (DipHE)
    • ", + "
  • foundation degree
    • ", + "
  • higher national diploma (HND)
    • ", + "
  • level 5 award
    • ", + "
  • level 5 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 5 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 5 NVQ
    • ", + "

    Level 6

    ", + "

    Level 6 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • degree apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • degree with honours - for example bachelor of the arts (BA) hons, bachelor of science (BSc) hons
    • ", + "
  • graduate certificate
    • ", + "
  • graduate diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 6 award
    • ", + "
  • level 6 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 6 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 6 NVQ
    • ", + "
  • ordinary degree without honours
    • ", + "

    Level 7

    ", + "

    Level 7 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • integrated master\u2019s degree, for example master of engineering (MEng)
    • ", + "
  • level 7 award
    • ", + "
  • level 7 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 7 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 7 NVQ
    • ", + "
  • master\u2019s degree, for example master of arts (MA), master of science (MSc)
    • ", + "
  • postgraduate certificate
    • ", + "
  • postgraduate certificate in education (PGCE)
    • ", + "
  • postgraduate diploma
    • ", + "

    Level 8

    ", + "

    Level 8 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • doctorate, for example doctor of philosophy (PhD or DPhil)
    • ", + "
  • level 8 award
    • ", + "
  • level 8 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 8 diploma
    • ", + "

    Other countries

    ", + "

    Qualifications outside England, Wales and Northern Ireland use different level systems.

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    You can compare qualifications in Scotland with those in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Outside the UK

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • compare European qualifications
    • ", + "
  • contact the UK National Academic Recognition Information Centre (UK NARIC) to compare a UK qualification with any non-UK qualification - there\u2019s a fee for this
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal against an exam result", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-qualification-result", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can challenge the results of an exam or qualification if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    GCSEs, AS levels or A levels

    ", + "

    You can ask your school or college to get an exam result looked at again - this is called requesting a review.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not satisfied with the outcome, your school or college can make an appeal to Ofqual.

    ", + "

    Other qualifications

    ", + "

    Ask your school or college to appeal to the awarding organisation about the results for any other qualification, for example a BTEC or an NVQ.

    ", + "

    You can appeal directly to the awarding organisation if you\u2019re a private student, for example, if you are home schooled or are a mature student.

    ", + "

    The awarding organisation will send you a final report after they\u2019ve reviewed the result.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not happy with the outcome of the appeal, you can contact Ofqual to make a complaint.

    ", + "

    Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Find out more about the appeals process in:

    ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Request a review

    ", + "

    You can challenge the result of a GCSE, AS level or A level exam.

    ", + "

    You can also challenge the result of another qualification.

    ", + "

    Who can request a GCSE, AS level or A level review

    ", + "

    You can ask your school or college to get an exam result looked at again (known as \u2018requesting a review\u2019). You cannot request a review yourself unless you\u2019re a private candidate, for example you were home schooled.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The mark will be changed if the reviewer thinks it\u2019s wrong. The new mark may be higher or lower than the original.

    ", + "

    You can ask your school or college\u2019s exams officer for more information about their internal appeals procedure and their policy on reviews of marking and moderation.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against a review if you\u2019re unhappy with the decision.

    ", + "

    You or your school may have to pay if the mark is not changed.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    The deadlines for requesting a review are:

    ", + "
  • A levels - 4 February 2021
    • ", + "
  • GCSE English language and maths - 18 February 2021
    • ", + "
  • all other GCSEs - 18 March 2021
    • ", + "

    Check with your exam board to find out the deadline for other qualifications.

    ", + "

    Appeal against a review

    ", + "

    If you asked for an exam result to be reviewed and you\u2019re not happy with the decision, you can appeal to Ofqual.

    ", + "

    Ask the exams officer, headteacher or principal at your school or college to make an appeal. You cannot make an appeal yourself unless you\u2019re a private candidate, for example you were home schooled.

    ", + "

    You need to appeal within 21 days of getting the result of a review.

    ", + "

    Read more about making appeals to Ofqual.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Ofqual will tell you if your review is going ahead and will keep you updated.

    ", + "

    If your review is rejected, Ofqual will tell you why.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online

    ", + "

    Contact Ofqual if you cannot apply online or have any questions about the appeal process.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Scholarships for children whose parent died in service", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-military-bereaved-children", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for help with the costs of further and higher education if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • one of your parents died as a result of their service in the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • your parent died on or after 1 January 1990
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re 16 or over and in full-time education
    • ", + "
  • you or a surviving parent receive bereavement benefits from the Armed Forces Compensation scheme, War Pension scheme or Armed Forces Attributable Benefits scheme
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply if you were the foster child of the person who died.

    ", + "

    What you can use the scholarship for

    ", + "

    You can use the money to pay tuition fees and your maintenance for:

    ", + "
  • a further education course of up to 3 years
    • ", + "
  • your first undergraduate course at a UK university or other higher education institution (such as a college or art school) - this can include study abroad if it\u2019s part of the course
    • ", + "
  • a higher level technical education course at qualification levels 4, 5 or 6
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re unsure about the type of course ask the college or university you want to apply to.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    In the 2018 to 2019 academic year you can apply for up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,500 for a further education course
    • ", + "
  • \u00a39,250 for tuition fees and \u00a34,950 for a Maintenance Grant for a higher education or higher level technical education course
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales, you can apply for up to \u00a39,000 for tuition fees and \u00a34,950 for a Maintenance Grant.

    ", + "

    How the payments are made

    ", + "

    Payments are made 3 times a year no later than:

    ", + "
  • 31 October
    • ", + "
  • 31 January
    • ", + "
  • 30 April
    • ", + "

    Your college or university must have confirmed that you\u2019re registered for a course and attending before any payment is sent.

    ", + "

    Payments can be backdated in some circumstances, for example you become eligible for a scholarship and apply while studying.

    ", + "

    Further education scholarships are paid to either you or your parent or guardian.

    ", + "

    University and other higher education scholarships are paid directly to you.

    ", + "

    All scholarships are tax free.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the bereavement scholarship scheme application.

    ", + "

    Post your application to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for a higher education scholarship (for example, an undergraduate degree from a UK university), also include:

    ", + "
  • a letter from the college or university confirming that you\u2019ve accepted their offer of a place
    • ", + "
  • proof of the fees, for example a photocopy of your tuition fees invoice
    • ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    Veterans UK must receive your application by 31 January in the academic year of your further education or university course.

    ", + "

    You can apply from 1 April in the academic year you\u2019ll begin studying.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The Veterans UK Scheme Administrator will get in touch to confirm whether you\u2019re eligible for the scholarship you\u2019ve applied for.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to find out if you\u2019re eligible depends on the evidence you provide with your application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for a university or higher education scholarship

    ", + "

    Register with the Student Loans Company to ensure you\u2019re charged UK student fees for your course.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the decision you must appeal to Veterans UK in writing.

    ", + "

    Help with your application

    ", + "

    Contact the Veterans UK helpline if you have any questions about the scholarships, for example what you need to do to apply or how to fill out the application form.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Adult Dependants' Grant", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adult-dependants-grant", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a full-time student in higher education and an adult depends on you financially, you can apply for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant of up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year
    • ", + "
  • \u00a33,094 for the 2020 to 2021 academic year
    • ", + "

    The grant:

    ", + "
  • does not have to be paid back
    • ", + "
  • is paid on top of your other student finance
    • ", + "

    You cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The maximum Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year
    • ", + "
  • \u00a33,094 for the 2020 to 2021 academic year
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay this money back.

    ", + "

    Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant will affect any income-related benefits and tax credits you might get.

    ", + "

    What it\u2019s based on

    ", + "

    The amount you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • your income
    • ", + "
  • the adult dependant\u2019s income
    • ", + "
  • your personal circumstances, for example if you\u2019re married or have children
    • ", + "
  • what other grants you\u2019re receiving, for example Childcare Grant
    • ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    The money is paid in 3 instalments (one at the start of each term) directly into your bank account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Usually the adult dependant will be:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, partner or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • a relative, such as a parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 25, the adult dependant cannot be your partner unless you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible if the adult dependant is:

    ", + "
  • your child
    • ", + "
  • a relative who earns more than \u00a33,796 a year
    • ", + "
  • getting student finance
    • ", + "

    You cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "
  • Fill in the Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant section on your main student finance application - you\u2019ll need to give estimates of your household income.
    • ", + "
  • Student Finance England will assess your application and contact you if they need more information.
    • ", + "
  • Student Finance England will send you a letter telling you if you qualify and how much money you\u2019ll get.
    • ", + "

    Supporting information

    ", + "

    Student Finance England may contact you and ask for further information on your financial circumstances. This can include a copy of:

    ", + "
  • your P60
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit details
    • ", + "
  • family tax credits details
    • ", + "
  • financial information from your partner, for example bank statements
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Doctoral Loan", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/doctoral-loan", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A Postgraduate Doctoral Loan can help with course fees and living costs while you study a postgraduate doctoral course, such as a PhD.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s different funding if you normally live in Wales. Moving somewhere to study does not count as normally living there.

    ", + "

    You can also get extra support if you have a disability.

    ", + "

    You will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.

    ", + "

    When you can apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to apply for funding for the 2021 to 2022 academic year from summer 2021. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.

    ", + "

    When you repay your loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You can get up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a327,265 if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a326,445 if your course starts between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a325,700 if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020
    • ", + "

    The amount you\u2019ll get is not based on you or your family\u2019s income.

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) may take account of the loan when working out any benefits you receive.

    ", + "

    The loan is paid directly to you. You can use it for your course fees and living costs.

    ", + "

    The loan will be divided equally across each year of your course.

    ", + "

    If you apply after your first year

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan in any year of your course. But if you apply after your first year, you might not get the maximum amount.

    ", + "

    You can get up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a311,570 each year if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a311,222 each year if your course started between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a310,906 each year if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    You get the first payment after your course start date, once your university or college confirms that you\u2019ve registered.

    ", + "

    The loan will be paid in 3 instalments of 33%, 33% and 34% each year. After your application has been approved you\u2019ll be sent a letter with your payment dates or you can check them in your online account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Whether you qualify depends on:

    ", + "
  • your course
    • ", + "
  • your age
    • ", + "
  • your nationality or residency status
    • ", + "

    You will not be able to get a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve received or will receive Research Council funding (for example, studentships, stipends, scholarships and tuition fee support)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re already getting a social work bursary
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re already getting an Educational Psychology bursary and your course starts on or after 1 August 2020
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re eligible to apply for an NHS bursary (even if you\u2019re not receiving it)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re already getting payments from Student Finance England for another course that you\u2019re studying
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve received a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan before - unless you left your course due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason
    • ", + "
  • you already have a doctoral degree, or a qualification that\u2019s equivalent or higher
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re receiving a doctorate by publication
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re behind in repayments for any previous loans from the Student Loans Company
    • ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    It must:

    ", + "
  • be a full, standalone doctoral course (not a top-up course)
    • ", + "
  • have started on or after 1 August 2018
    • ", + "
  • last between 3 to 8 academic years
    • ", + "
  • be provided by a university in the UK with research degree awarding powers
    • ", + "

    If more than one university delivers your course and one is overseas, you\u2019ll still be eligible for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan so long as:

    ", + "
  • the UK university is the lead institution
    • ", + "
  • you spend at least 50% of your study time over the whole course in the UK
    • ", + "

    It can be:

    ", + "
  • full-time or part-time
    • ", + "
  • taught or research-based, or a combination of both
    • ", + "

    Examples of postgraduate doctoral qualifications include:

    ", + "
  • PhD / DPhil (Doctor of Philosophy)
    • ", + "
  • EdD (Doctor of Education)
    • ", + "
  • EngD (Doctor of Engineering)
    • ", + "

    Integrated doctorals

    ", + "

    You can apply for a loan if your doctoral programme includes an integrated master\u2019s degree (even if you already have a master\u2019s degree).

    ", + "

    You must register for a full doctoral degree.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to apply for a separate Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan.

    ", + "

    Distance learning

    ", + "

    To qualify for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan for distance learning, you\u2019ll need to be living in England on the first day of the first academic year of your course.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to live in:

    ", + "
  • England for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re an EU national
    • ", + "
  • the UK for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re not an EU national
    • ", + "

    This usually does not apply if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • serving in the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • a spouse or civil partner of a serving member of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • a dependent parent living with a serving member of the armed forces
    • ", + "

    Your age

    ", + "

    You must be under 60 on the first day of the first academic year of your course.

    ", + "

    The academic year is a period of 12 months starting on:

    ", + "
  • 1 September, if your course starts between 1 August and 31 December
    • ", + "
  • 1 January, if your course starts between 1 January and 31 March
    • ", + "
  • 1 April, if your course starts between 1 April and 30 June
    • ", + "
  • 1 July, if your course starts between 1 July and 31 July
    • ", + "

    Your nationality or residency status

    ", + "

    You can apply for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK or Irish national or have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or indefinite leave to remain so there are no restrictions on how long you can stay
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in England
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday
    • ", + "

    You may also be eligible if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who either:

    ", + "
  • returned to the UK on or after 1 January 2018 and by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • was living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein on 31 December 2020 and has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU national or a family member of an EU national

    ", + "

    You may be eligible if you\u2019re an EU national, or a family member of an EU national, and all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme (no restrictions on how long you can stay)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve normally lived in the UK, Gibraltar, EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years (this is also known as being \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be studying at a university in England
    • ", + "

    You could also be eligible if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • the child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • a migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, or a family member of one with settled or pre-settled status
    • ", + "
  • a resident of Gibraltar who is a UK or EU national, or their family member
    • ", + "

    Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.

    ", + "

    You need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.

    ", + "

    If you have a different residency status

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:

    ", + "
  • refugee (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • humanitarian protection (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • a stateless person (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment
    • ", + "
  • a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain
    • ", + "
  • a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given settled status but not under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given indefinite leave to remain because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the family member of a person of Northern Ireland and you have pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a non-UK national and have lived in the UK for a certain number of years

    ", + "

    You could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:

    ", + "
  • under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years
    • ", + "
  • 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)
    • ", + "

    You must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply now for courses that start or started in the following academic years:

    ", + "
  • 2020 to 2021
    • ", + "
  • 2019 to 2020
    • ", + "
  • 2018 to 2019
    • ", + "

    You can apply in summer 2021 for courses that start in the academic year 2021 to 2022. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.

    ", + "

    Check whether you\u2019re eligible before you apply.

    ", + "

    You only need to apply once for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan. Student Finance England will write to you in the summer to tell you how much you\u2019ll get in the next academic year.

    ", + "

    You will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve taken out a loan with Student Finance England before, use your account to apply.

    ", + "

    If you do not already have one, set up an account.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online, apply by post \u2013 the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year

    ", + "

    If your course started in the 2018\u00a0to 2019\u00a0academic year

    ", + "

    Read the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.

    ", + "

    When to apply by

    ", + "

    The deadline for applying depends on when you start your course.

    ", + "

    You need to apply within 9 months of the first day of the last academic year of the course.

    ", + "

    The academic year

    ", + "

    The academic year is a period of 12 months.

    ", + "Course start date between | First day of academic year", + "1 August and 31 December | 1 September", + "1 January and 31 March | 1 January", + "1 April and 30 June | 1 April", + "1 July and 31 July | 1 July", + "

    Proof of identity

    ", + "

    Include valid UK passport details in your application.

    ", + "

    Use the \u2018UK passport details\u2019 form if you need to send the details after your application. Do not send the passport itself.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    Include your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU national, send your passport or national identity card.

    ", + "

    Supporting information

    ", + "

    You should use the evidence return form for extra information to support your application, for example evidence of your residency status.

    ", + "

    You may also be asked to complete the UK employment status form.

    ", + "

    Change an application

    ", + "

    Use your online account to change your personal details, for example bank or contact details. Contact Student Finance England directly if you do not have an account.

    ", + "

    Change the amount you\u2019ve asked for

    ", + "

    Use the loan request form to change the amount you\u2019ve applied for - you cannot do this online.

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:

    ", + "

    Other changes

    ", + "

    Use the change of circumstances form if you need to change any other details, for example your university or course. You cannot do this online.

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:

    ", + "

    Taking a break or withdrawing from your course

    ", + "

    Tell Student Finance England and your institution straight away if you need to withdraw from your course. It may affect your future payments and eligibility for funding.

    ", + "

    Extra help

    ", + "

    You may qualify for other funding, for example grants from charities or trusts.

    ", + "

    Student Finance England also has more information about other kinds of student finance.

    ", + "

    You will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.

    ", + "

    Disabled students

    ", + "

    If you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (for example dyslexia) you can apply for:

    ", + "
  • Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance
    • ", + "
  • extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship
    • ", + "

    You may also qualify for disability related benefits.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    You can learn more about the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan at the Student \nRoom website.

    ", + "

    Contact Student Finance England if you have further questions.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Master's Loan", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/masters-loan", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan can help with course fees and living costs while you study a postgraduate master\u2019s course.

    ", + "

    Funding for postgraduate loans is different if:

    ", + "
  • you normally live in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in Wales
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in Northern Ireland.
    • ", + "

    Moving somewhere to study does not count as normally living there.

    ", + "

    You can also get extra support if you have a disability.

    ", + "

    You will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance England if you\u2019re studying a master\u2019s course.

    ", + "

    When you can apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to apply for funding for the 2021 to 2022 academic year from summer 2021. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.

    ", + "

    When you repay your loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You can get up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a311,570 if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a311,222 if your course started between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a310,906 if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020
    • ", + "

    The amount you\u2019ll get is not based on your income or your family\u2019s.

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) may take account of the loan when working out any benefits you receive.

    ", + "

    The loan is paid directly to you. You can use it for your course fees and living costs.

    ", + "

    If your course lasts for more than a year, the loan will be divided equally across each year of your course.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    You get the first payment after your course start date, once your university or college confirms that you\u2019ve registered.

    ", + "

    The loan will be paid in 3 instalments of 33%, 33% and 34% each year. After your application has been approved, you\u2019ll be sent a letter with your payment dates. You can also check them in your online account.

    ", + "

    If you change university or college

    ", + "

    Your new university or college has to confirm the change with Student Finance England before you receive any more payments.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Whether you qualify depends on:

    ", + "
  • your course
    • ", + "
  • your age
    • ", + "
  • your nationality or residency status
    • ", + "

    You will not be able to get a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re already getting payments from Student Finance England for another course that you\u2019re studying
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve received a loan or grant for a master\u2019s course before - unless you got a Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance or you left your course for a serious personal reason like illness or bereavement
    • ", + "
  • you already have a master\u2019s degree, or a qualification that\u2019s equivalent or higher
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re behind in repayments for any previous loans from the Student Loans Company
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be eligible if you have a PGCE or a postgraduate diploma or certificate.

    ", + "

    You will not get extra money if you repeat a year of your course.

    ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    It must:

    ", + "
  • be a full, standalone master\u2019s course (not a top-up course)
    • ", + "
  • be worth at least 180 credits - check the course provider\u2019s website if you\u2019re not sure
    • ", + "
  • have started on or after 1 August 2016
    • ", + "

    Your course must be provided by an eligible university or college in the UK (including the Open University). Check with the university or college that your course is registered.

    ", + "

    Your course can be taught or research-based.

    ", + "

    It can be:

    ", + "
  • full-time, lasting 1 or 2 academic years
    • ", + "
  • part-time, lasting 2 to 4 academic years - no more than twice the length of the equivalent full-time course
    • ", + "
  • part-time for up to 3 years, where no equivalent full-time course exists
    • ", + "

    Examples of postgraduate master\u2019s qualifications include:

    ", + "
  • MSc (master of science)
    • ", + "
  • MA (master of arts)
    • ", + "
  • MPhil (master of philosophy)
    • ", + "
  • MRes (master of research)
    • ", + "
  • LLM (master of law)
    • ", + "
  • MLitt (master of letters)
    • ", + "
  • MFA (master of fine art)
    • ", + "
  • MEd (master of education)
    • ", + "
  • MBA (master of business administration)
    • ", + "

    You cannot get a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan for a postgraduate certificate or diploma.

    ", + "

    Distance learning

    ", + "

    To qualify for a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan for distance learning, you\u2019ll need to be living in England on the first day of the first academic year of your course. You\u2019ll also need to live in:

    ", + "
  • England for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re an EU national
    • ", + "
  • the UK for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re not an EU national
    • ", + "

    This usually does not apply if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • serving in the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • a spouse or civil partner of a serving member of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • a dependent parent living with a serving member of the armed forces
    • ", + "

    Integrated courses

    ", + "

    You will not be eligible for a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if your course is:

    ", + "
  • integrated with an undergraduate degree - apply for undergraduate funding instead
    • ", + "
  • integrated with a doctoral degree - apply for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan instead
    • ", + "

    Intercalated year

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if you\u2019re taking a year out of an undergraduate course to study for a master\u2019s.

    ", + "

    This will generally mean you\u2019re not entitled to undergraduate funding anymore because you\u2019ll hold a higher level qualification.

    ", + "

    You are still eligible for undergraduate funding if your course leads to a qualification in:

    ", + "
  • architecture
    • ", + "
  • dentistry
    • ", + "
  • medicine
    • ", + "
  • social work
    • ", + "
  • undergraduate Initial Teacher Training
    • ", + "
  • veterinary science
    • ", + "

    Master of architecture

    ", + "

    If you plan to study for a master of architecture (MArch Part 2) qualification full-time, apply for undergraduate funding support. Your course must be accredited by the Architects Registration Board (ARB) to be eligible.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for the Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan to support your MArch course if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re taking a part-time course
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not eligible for undergraduate funding support
    • ", + "
  • the course does not lead to an accredited qualification as an architect
    • ", + "

    Healthcare and social work

    ", + "

    You cannot get a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if you:

    ", + "
  • are eligible for an NHS bursary
    • ", + "
  • get a Social Work Bursary - unless you only get a Placement Travel Allowance
    • ", + "

    This also applies for health and social work bursaries in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You also cannot get a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if you\u2019re starting a postgraduate pre-registration healthcare course on or after 1 August 2018. You may be eligible for a Tuition Fee Loan and Maintenance Loan instead.

    ", + "

    Your age

    ", + "

    You must be under 60 on the first day of the first academic year of your course.

    ", + "

    The academic year is a period of 12 months starting on:

    ", + "
  • 1 September, if your course starts between 1 August and 31 December
    • ", + "
  • 1 January, if your course starts between 1 January and 31 March
    • ", + "
  • 1 April, if your course starts between 1 April and 30 June
    • ", + "
  • 1 July, if your course starts between 1 July and 31 July
    • ", + "

    Your nationality or residency status

    ", + "

    You can apply for the Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK or Irish national or have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or indefinite leave to remain so there are no restrictions on how long you can stay
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in England
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday
    • ", + "

    You may also be eligible if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who either:

    ", + "
  • returned to the UK on or after 1 January 2018 and by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • was living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein on 31 December 2020 and has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU national or a family member of an EU national

    ", + "

    You may be eligible if you\u2019re an EU national, or a family member of an EU national, and all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve normally lived in the UK, Gibraltar, EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years (this is also known as being \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be studying at a university or college in England
    • ", + "

    You could also be eligible if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • the child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • a migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein with pre-settled status, or a family member of a migrant worker where both have pre-settled status
    • ", + "
  • a resident of Gibraltar who is a UK or EU national, or their family member
    • ", + "

    Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.

    ", + "

    You need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to, for example, to apply on behalf of a child.

    ", + "

    If you have a different residency status

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:

    ", + "
  • refugee (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • humanitarian protection (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • a stateless person (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment
    • ", + "
  • a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain
    • ", + "
  • a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given settled status but not under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given indefinite leave to remain because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the family member of a person of Northern Ireland and you have pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a non-UK national and have lived in the UK for a certain number of years

    ", + "

    You could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:

    ", + "
  • under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years
    • ", + "
  • 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)
    • ", + "

    You must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply now for courses that start or started in the following academic years:

    ", + "
  • 2020 to 2021
    • ", + "
  • 2019 to 2020
    • ", + "
  • 2018 to 2019
    • ", + "

    You can apply in summer 2021 for courses that start in the academic year 2021 to 2022. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.

    ", + "

    Check whether you\u2019re eligible before you apply.

    ", + "

    You only need to apply once for the Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan, even if your course is longer than one year. Student Finance England will write to you in the summer to tell you how much you\u2019ll get in the next academic year.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance England if you\u2019re studying a master\u2019s course.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve taken out a loan with Student Finance England before, use your account to apply.

    ", + "

    If you do not already have one, set up an account.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online, apply by post - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Read the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.

    ", + "

    Courses that start in the 2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    Courses that started in the 2019 to 2020 academic year

    ", + "

    Courses that started before 1 August 2019

    ", + "

    Contact Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan Team if you cannot apply online.

    ", + "

    When to apply by

    ", + "

    The deadline for applying depends on when you start your course.

    ", + "

    If you started on or after 1 August 2017

    ", + "

    You need to apply within 9 months of the first day of the last academic year of the course.

    ", + "

    The academic year

    ", + "

    The academic year is a period of 12 months.

    ", + "

    The first day of your academic year depends when your course starts.

    ", + "Course start date between | First day of academic year", + "1 August and 31 December | 1 September", + "1 January and 31 March | 1 January", + "1 April and 30 June | 1 April", + "1 July and 31 July | 1 July", + "

    Proof of identity

    ", + "

    Include valid UK passport details in your application. Use the \u2018UK passport details\u2019 form if you need to send the details after your application. Do not send the passport itself.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    Include your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU national, send your passport or national identity card.

    ", + "

    Supporting information

    ", + "

    You should use the evidence return form for extra information to support your application, for example evidence of your residency status.

    ", + "

    You may also be asked to complete the UK employment status form.

    ", + "

    Change an application

    ", + "

    Use your online account to change your personal details, for example bank or contact details. Contact Student Finance England directly if you do not have an account.

    ", + "

    Change the amount you\u2019ve asked for

    ", + "

    Use the loan request form to change the amount you\u2019ve applied for - you cannot do this online.

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:

    ", + "

    If your course started in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:

    ", + "

    If your course started before the 2018 to 2019 academic year, contact Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan Team.

    ", + "

    Other changes

    ", + "

    Use the change of circumstances form if you need to change any other details, for example your university or course. You cannot do this online.

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:

    ", + "

    If your course started in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:

    ", + "

    If your course started before the 2018 to 2019 academic year, contact Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan Team.

    ", + "

    Taking a break or withdrawing from your course

    ", + "

    Tell Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan Team and your institution straight away if you need to withdraw from your course. It may affect your future payments and eligibility for funding.

    ", + "

    Extra help

    ", + "

    You may qualify for other funding, for example grants from charities or trusts.

    ", + "

    Student Finance England also has more information about other kinds of student finance.

    ", + "

    You will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance England if you\u2019re studying a master\u2019s course.

    ", + "

    Disabled students

    ", + "

    If you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (for example dyslexia) you can apply for:

    ", + "
  • Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance
    • ", + "
  • extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship
    • ", + "

    You may also qualify for disability related benefits.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    You can learn more about the Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan on the Student Room website.

    ", + "

    Contact Student Finance England if you have further questions.

    ", + "

    Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan team

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "NHS bursaries", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/nhs-bursaries", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    What you can apply for depends on when your course starts and what you\u2019re studying. You do not have to pay your NHS bursary back.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for a bursary you may still be eligible for student finance.

    ", + "

    If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018

    ", + "

    You can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor or dentist.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying a pre-registration postgraduate healthcare course, you may still be eligible for student finance.

    ", + "

    If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year

    ", + "

    You can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor, dentist, dental hygienist or dental therapist.

    ", + "

    If your course started before 1 August 2017

    ", + "

    You can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying a dental, medical or healthcare course in England.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:

    ", + "
  • a bursary from the NHS
    • ", + "
  • a \u00a31,000 grant from the NHS
    • ", + "
  • a reduced Maintenance Loan from Student Finance England
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an eligible part-time student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:

    ", + "
  • a reduced bursary from the NHS
    • ", + "
  • a reduced grant from the NHS
    • ", + "

    The amount you get depends on the length of your course.

    ", + "

    Tuition fees

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for an NHS bursary, the NHS pays your standard tuition fees. Your course tuition fees are paid directly to your university.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying a graduate-entry accelerated medical or dental programme, you can get some of your tuition costs paid with an NHS bursary in years 2 to 4 of your programme.

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2019 to 2020 academic year
    • ", + "
  • \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2018 to 2019 academic year
    • ", + "

    Bursary

    ", + "

    Your bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    If you started a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE) Nursing or Operating Department Practitioner course before 1 September 2012, you\u2019ll receive a basic bursary which does not depend on your household income.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying to become a doctor or dentist, you can apply for an NHS bursary from your second year for graduate entry programmes or from your fifth year for undergraduate programmes.

    ", + "

    Grant

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a fixed amount of \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting your course on or after 1 September 2012. You\u2019ll get a reduced amount if you\u2019re a part-time student.

    ", + "

    You must apply for an NHS bursary to get the grant.

    ", + "

    Maintenance Loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a reduced Maintenance Loan. The amount you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • where you live and study
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re in the final year of your course (when you get less)
    • ", + "

    Current rates for the 2018 to 2019 academic year are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,263 for students studying in London and living away from home
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,324 for students studying outside London and away from home
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,744 for students living at home
    • ", + "

    Current rates for the 2019 to 2020 academic year are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,354 for students studying in London and living away from home
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,389 for students studying outside London and away from home
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,793 for students living at home
    • ", + "

    How it\u2019s paid

    ", + "

    The NHS bursary is paid into your bank account in 12 equal monthly instalments.

    ", + "

    The Maintenance Loan is usually paid into your bank account at the beginning of each term.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled or have children

    ", + "

    You may get extra help if you:

    ", + "
  • have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty
    • ", + "
  • have dependants
    • ", + "

    Find out what extra help you could get.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Whether you can get an NHS bursary depends on:

    ", + "
  • where you live
    • ", + "
  • your course
    • ", + "
  • your household income
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve already had funding
    • ", + "

    Where you live

    ", + "

    To be eligible to apply for an NHS bursary you must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 years up to the start of the academic year.

    ", + "

    You may still be eligible if you do not meet the residency requirements - find out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.

    ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    Whether you\u2019re eligible depends on when your course starts.

    ", + "

    You will not get an NHS bursary if you\u2019re a first level nurse or midwife and you\u2019re registering for a second field in nursing or midwifery.

    ", + "

    If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018

    ", + "

    You must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a doctor or dentist.

    ", + "

    You can apply for an NHS bursary from your 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course.

    ", + "

    If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year

    ", + "

    You must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:

    ", + "
  • doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)
    • ", + "
  • dental hygienist or dental therapist
    • ", + "

    If your course started before 1 August 2017

    ", + "

    You must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:

    ", + "
  • doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)
    • ", + "
  • chiropodist (including podiatrist), dietician, occupational therapist, orthoptist, physiotherapist, prosthetist, orthotist, radiographer, radiotherapist, audiologist or a speech and language therapist
    • ", + "
  • dental hygienist or dental therapist
    • ", + "
  • nurse, midwife or operating department practitioner (degree or diploma course)
    • ", + "

    Household income

    ", + "

    Your total bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be either your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already had funding

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for an NHS bursary even if you\u2019ve already had public funding for higher education.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve had an NHS bursary and want to change professions, you may also be eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You need to create a Bursary Online Support System (BOSS) account on the NHS Student Bursaries website to apply for an NHS bursary.

    ", + "

    You must reapply for your bursary every academic year.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to apply if you\u2019re from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    New students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re entering the first year of your NHS-funded course or, for medical and dental students, your first year of NHS bursary funding, read the guidance for new students.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You should wait until you have an offer of a course place from your university or college before you apply for an NHS bursary.

    ", + "

    The date you can apply from usually depends on when your course starts. Check the NHS Student Bursaries website for the latest application dates.

    ", + "

    Documents

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an NHS bursary for the first time you must provide 2 documents to confirm your identity, one of which must include a photograph of yourself, for example a birth certificate and a valid passport.

    ", + "

    You must send original documents (not photocopies), which NHS Student Bursaries will return to you.

    ", + "

    Continuing students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already had an NHS student bursary for your current course and you\u2019re reapplying for another year, read the guidance for continuing students.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    NHS Student Bursaries will send you an email invitation when you can reapply for your bursary. The date your invitation is sent depends on when your next academic year begins. Check the NHS Student Busaries website for the latest invitation dates.

    ", + "

    You must send your application within 6 months of the first day of your academic year.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    If your application is approved, NHS Student Bursaries will send you an email when your bursary is available for you to view in your BOSS account.

    ", + "

    If you get an NHS bursary you can apply separately for a reduced rate loan from Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    Contact NHS Student Bursaries

    ", + "

    Contact NHS Student Bursaries if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    Extra financial help

    ", + "

    In addition to the NHS bursary you may also be able to apply for extra help if:

    ", + "
  • you have children
    • ", + "
  • you have adult dependants
    • ", + "
  • you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty
    • ", + "
  • you do a practice placement
    • ", + "
  • your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the academic year
    • ", + "

    Find out more about extra help on the NHS Student Bursaries website.

    ", + "

    Dependants\u2019 Allowance

    ", + "

    You may get this if you have adults or children who are financially dependent on you when you\u2019re training.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your household income.

    ", + "

    Apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance through your BOSS account.

    ", + "

    Childcare Allowance

    ", + "

    You must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance before you can apply for Childcare Allowance.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get the NHS Bursary Childcare Allowance if you have dependent children.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your circumstances and your household income.

    ", + "

    You cannot get this if you\u2019re not entitled to the NHS bursary (known as a \u2018Fees Only award\u2019).

    ", + "

    To qualify:

    ", + "
  • you must use a registered childcare provider
    • ", + "
  • your children must be under 15 on the first day of the academic year (or under 17 if they have special educational needs)
    • ", + "

    The allowance pays 85% of the gross actual cost up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3128.78 a week for 1 child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3191.45 a week for 2 or more children
    • ", + "

    Apply for Childcare Allowance via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.

    ", + "

    Parent Learning Allowance

    ", + "

    You must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance first. If this includes a dependent child, you\u2019re automatically assessed for Parent Learning Allowance.

    ", + "

    You can claim up to \u00a31,204 per academic year.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your household income.

    ", + "

    Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances

    ", + "

    You can get this if you have to pay extra costs because of a:

    ", + "
  • physical disability
    • ", + "
  • long-term health condition
    • ", + "
  • mental-health difficulty
    • ", + "
  • specific learning difficulty like dyslexia
    • ", + "

    You need to give up-to-date medical evidence of the nature and severity of your disability from a qualified professional.

    ", + "

    You can get up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a320,725 for a helper
    • ", + "
  • \u00a35,214 for specialist equipment for the whole course
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,741 for other costs
    • ", + "

    Apply for Disabled Students Allowance through your BOSS account.

    ", + "

    Practice placement expenses

    ", + "

    If you do a practice placement you may be able to claim travel costs if:

    ", + "
  • your practice placement is in a hospital or community health centre and not at your university
    • ", + "
  • it costs you more to travel to your placement than it costs to travel to university
    • ", + "

    Claim practice placement expenses via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.

    ", + "

    Extra Weeks Allowance

    ", + "

    If your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the 2016 to 2017 academic year you may be entitled to Extra Weeks Allowance:

    ", + "Where you study and live | Allowance", + "In London | \u00a3108 per week", + "Outside London | \u00a384 per additional week", + "With your parents | \u00a356 per additional week", + "

    Your Extra Weeks Allowance is calculated automatically during the application process.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Repaying your student loan", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repaying-your-student-loan", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need to pay back:

    ", + "
  • Tuition Fee Loans
    • ", + "
  • Maintenance Loans
    • ", + "
  • Postgraduate Loans
    • ", + "

    You do not need to pay back other student finance, for example grants and bursaries, unless you\u2019ve been paid too much.

    ", + "

    You still have to repay your student loan if you leave your course early.

    ", + "

    When you start repaying your loan and how much you pay depends on which repayment plan you\u2019re on.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    How to repay

    ", + "

    How you repay your loan depends on whether you\u2019re employed or self-employed.

    ", + "

    You can make extra repayments in your online repayment account and by card, bank transfer or cheque.

    ", + "

    Keep your payslips and P60 for your records - you\u2019ll need them if you want to get a refund.

    ", + "

    Sign in

    ", + "

    Sign in to your student loan repayment account if you already have one.

    ", + "

    Repaying during the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak

    ", + "

    Read the guidance about repaying your student loan for more information on:

    ", + "
  • changes in your income
    • ", + "
  • refunds
    • ", + "
  • interest on your loan balance
    • ", + "

    Which repayment plan you're on

    ", + "

    When you start repaying your loan and how much you repay depends on your repayment plan.

    ", + "

    There are 4 plans:

    ", + "
  • Plan 1
    • ", + "
  • Plan 2
    • ", + "
  • Plan 4
    • ", + "
  • Postgraduate Loan
    • ", + "

    You cannot choose the repayment plan you\u2019re on. If you have more than one loan, they could be on different plans.

    ", + "

    Plan 1

    ", + "

    You\u2019re on Plan 1 if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an English or Welsh student who started an undergraduate course anywhere in the UK before 1 September 2012
    • ", + "
  • a Northern Irish student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course anywhere in the UK on or after 1 September 1998
    • ", + "
  • an EU student who started an undergraduate course in England or Wales on or after 1 September 1998, but before 1 September 2012
    • ", + "
  • an EU student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course in Northern Ireland on or after 1 September 1998
    • ", + "

    Plan 2

    ", + "

    You\u2019re on Plan 2 if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an English or Welsh student who started an undergraduate course anywhere in the UK on or after 1 September 2012
    • ", + "
  • an EU student who started an undergraduate course in England or Wales on or after 1 September 2012
    • ", + "
  • someone who took out an Advanced Learner Loan on or after 1 August 2013
    • ", + "

    Plan 4

    ", + "

    You\u2019re on Plan 4 if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a Scottish student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course anywhere in the UK on or after 1 September 1998
    • ", + "
  • an EU student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course in Scotland on or after 1 September 1998
    • ", + "

    Postgraduate Loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019re on a Postgraduate Loan repayment plan if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an English or Welsh student who took out a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan on or after 1 August 2016
    • ", + "
  • an English or Welsh student who took out a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan on or after 1 August 2018
    • ", + "
  • an EU student who started a postgraduate course on or after 1 August 2016
    • ", + "

    When you start repaying

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only repay your student loan when your income is over the threshold amount for your repayment plan. The threshold amounts change on 6 April every year.

    ", + "

    The earliest you\u2019ll start repaying is either:

    ", + "
  • the April after you leave your course
    • ", + "
  • the April 4 years after the course started, if you\u2019re studying part-time
    • ", + "

    Your repayments automatically stop if either:

    ", + "
  • you stop working
    • ", + "
  • your income goes below the threshold
    • ", + "

    If you have a Plan 1 student loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3382 a week, \u00a31,657 a month or \u00a319,895 a year (before tax and other deductions).

    ", + "

    If you have a Plan 2 student loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3524 a week, \u00a32,274 a month or \u00a327,295 a year (before tax and other deductions).

    ", + "

    If you have a Plan 4 student loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3480 a week, \u00a32,083 a month or \u00a325,000 a year (before tax and other deductions).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on a Postgraduate Loan repayment plan

    ", + "

    If you took out a Master\u2019s Loan or a Doctoral Loan, you\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3403 a week, \u00a31,750 a month or \u00a321,000 a year (before tax and other deductions).

    ", + "

    Early repayments

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no penalty for paying some or all of your loan off early.

    ", + "

    How much you repay

    ", + "

    How much you repay depends on which plan you\u2019re on.

    ", + "

    Each plan has a threshold for your weekly or monthly income. You repay:

    ", + "
  • 9% of the amount you earn over the threshold for plans 1, 2 and 4
    • ", + "
  • 6% of the amount you earn over the threshold for the Postgraduate Loan
    • ", + "

    You do not pay anything back if your income is under the threshold.

    ", + "

    Interest starts being added to your loan from when you get your first payment.

    ", + "

    Plan 1

    ", + "

    The thresholds are \u00a3382 a week or \u00a31,657 a month (before tax and other deductions).

    ", + "

    Interest on Plan 1

    ", + "

    You currently pay interest of 1.1% on Plan 1. You can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.

    ", + "

    Plan 2

    ", + "

    The thresholds are \u00a3524 a week or \u00a32,274 a month (before tax and other deductions). They change on 6 April every year.

    ", + "

    Interest on Plan 2

    ", + "

    While you\u2019re studying, interest is 5.6%.

    ", + "

    This is made up of the Retail Price Index (RPI) plus 3%. RPI is currently set at 2.6%.

    ", + "

    This rate applies until the 5 April after you finish or leave your course, or for the first 4 years of your course if you\u2019re studying part-time, unless the RPI changes.

    ", + "

    After that, your interest rate depends on your income in the current tax year.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed, your income is the total income amount on your Self-Assessment form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employee, your income is your taxable pay:

    ", + "
  • plus any pension contributions
    • ", + "
  • minus any benefits you get from your employer that are taxed through payroll (ask your employer if you\u2019re not sure)
    • ", + "

    If you have more than one job in a year, your interest rate will be based on your combined income from all your jobs.

    ", + "Your annual income | Interest rate", + "\u00a327,295 or less | RPI (currently 2.6%)", + "\u00a327,296 to \u00a349,130 | RPI (currently 2.6%), plus up to 3%", + "Over \u00a349,130 | RPI (currently 2.6%), plus 3%", + "

    You must keep your contact details up to date in your online account and give the Student Loans Company (SLC) evidence if they ask for it. If you do not, you may be charged the higher interest rate even if your income is lower.

    ", + "

    You can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.

    ", + "

    If you have Plan 1 and Plan 2 loans

    ", + "

    You pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 1 threshold (\u00a3382 a week or \u00a31,657 a month).

    ", + "

    If your income is under the Plan 2 threshold (\u00a3524 a week or \u00a32,274 a month), your repayments only go towards your Plan 1 loan.

    ", + "

    If your income is over the Plan 2 threshold, your repayments go towards both your loans.

    ", + "

    Plan 4

    ", + "

    The thresholds are \u00a3480 a week or \u00a32,083 a month (before tax and other deductions).

    ", + "

    Interest on Plan 4

    ", + "

    You currently pay interest of 1.1% on Plan 4. You can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.

    ", + "

    If you have a Plan 4 loan and a Plan 1 loan

    ", + "

    You pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 1 threshold (\u00a3382 a week or \u00a31,657 a month).

    ", + "

    If your income is under the Plan 4 threshold (\u00a3480 a week or \u00a32,083 a month), your repayments only go towards your Plan 1 loan.

    ", + "

    If your income is over the Plan 4 threshold, your repayments go towards both your loans.

    ", + "

    If you have a Plan 4 loan and a Plan 2 loan

    ", + "

    You pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 4 threshold (\u00a3480 a week or \u00a32,083 a month).

    ", + "

    If your income is under the Plan 2 threshold (\u00a3524 a week or \u00a32,274 a month), your repayments only go towards your Plan 4 loan.

    ", + "

    If your income is over the Plan 2 threshold, your repayments go towards both your loans.

    ", + "

    Postgraduate Loan

    ", + "

    The thresholds are \u00a3403 a week or \u00a31,750 a month (before tax and other deductions).

    ", + "

    Interest on Postgraduate Loan

    ", + "

    You currently pay interest of 5.6% on Postgraduate Loans.

    ", + "

    The interest is made up of the Retail Price Index (RPI), plus 3%. RPI is currently set at 2.6%.

    ", + "

    You can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.

    ", + "

    If you have a Postgraduate Loan and a Plan 1, Plan 2 or Plan 4 loan

    ", + "

    You pay back 6% of your income over the Postgraduate Loan threshold (\u00a3403 a week or \u00a31,750 a month). In addition, you\u2019ll pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 1, Plan 2 or Plan 4 threshold.

    ", + "

    If your income changes during the year

    ", + "

    You can ask for a refund if you make repayments but your total annual income (from 6 April to 5 April the following year) is less than:

    ", + "
  • \u00a319,895 a year for Plan 1
    • ", + "
  • \u00a327,295 a year for Plan 2
    • ", + "
  • \u00a325,000 a year for Plan 4
    • ", + "
  • \u00a321,000 for Postgraduate Loans
    • ", + "

    If you have 2 or more jobs

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed, your repayments will be taken out of your salary. The repayments will be from the jobs where you earn over the minimum amount, not your combined income.

    ", + "

    If you need to send a Self Assessment tax return

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out how much you repay from your tax return. Your repayments are based on your income for the whole year. If you\u2019ve already made repayments from a salary, HMRC will deduct them from the amount you have to repay.

    ", + "

    How to repay

    ", + "

    Your repayments will be taken out of your salary at the same time as tax and National Insurance if you\u2019re an employee. Your payslips will show how much has been deducted. You may need to tell your employer which repayment plan you\u2019re on.

    ", + "

    You start repaying when your income is more than the minimum amount.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no penalty if you make extra repayments to pay some or all of your loan off early.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out how much you pay from your tax return. You pay at the same time as you pay your tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employee and you do a tax return

    ", + "

    If you earn over the minimum amount, your employer will deduct loan repayments from your salary.

    ", + "

    Check your payslips or P60 to see how much of your loan you\u2019ve paid off during the tax year. You\u2019ll need to include this information when you fill in your tax return.

    ", + "

    The tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April the following year.

    ", + "

    If you leave the UK for more than 3 months

    ", + "

    You will need to tell the Student Loans Company (SLC). They will work out if you have to repay while you\u2019re not in the UK and if so, how much you need to pay.

    ", + "

    The rules for repayment are the same as in the UK, apart from different repayment thresholds for each country.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re abroad, your repayment amounts are based on:

    ", + "
  • the minimum amount under Plan 1 for that country
    • ", + "
  • the minimum amount under Plan 2 for that country
    • ", + "
  • the minimum amount under Plan 4 for that country
    • ", + "
  • the minimum amount under the Postgraduate Loan plan for that country
    • ", + "

    Once SLC have told you how much you need to repay, you can make repayments:

    ", + "
  • through your online account
    • ", + "
  • by International Bank Transfer (IBAN)
    • ", + "

    Online account

    ", + "

    Sign in to your online account to:

    ", + "
  • make a repayment using an international debit card
    • ", + "
  • set up a direct debit
    • ", + "

    You can also use your online account to update your contact details and make extra repayments.

    ", + "

    International Bank Transfer

    ", + "

    To transfer money from a non-UK bank account, use the following details:

    ", + "

    IBAN: GB37NWBK60708010027254\nSWIFT: NWBKGB2L\nNatWest Government Banking Team\nNatWest Customer Service Centre\nBrampton Road\nNewcastle-under-Lyme\nStaffordshire\nST5 0QX

    ", + "

    Use one of these as your reference:

    ", + "
  • customer reference number
    • ", + "
  • grant reference number (if it\u2019s for a grant repayment)
    • ", + "

    Checking your repayments

    ", + "

    You can check your repayments and balance in your:

    ", + "
  • annual statements from SLC
    • ", + "
  • online account
    • ", + "

    If your contact details change, you must update them in your online account.

    ", + "

    Avoid paying more than you owe

    ", + "

    If you have nearly repaid your loan, you may be able to make your final repayments by direct debit instead of from your salary.

    ", + "

    This makes sure your employer will not accidentally take more than you owe.

    ", + "

    SLC will contact you in the final year of your loan repayments to let you know how to set up a direct debit.

    ", + "

    Keep your contact details up to date.

    ", + "

    Make extra repayments

    ", + "

    You can choose to make extra repayments towards your student loan. These are in addition to the repayments you must make when your income is over the threshold amount for your repayment plan.

    ", + "

    You should only make extra repayments if you think you can pay off the full balance before the loan term ends. This is because your loan will be written off at the end of the term.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no penalty if you make extra repayments but they are not refundable.

    ", + "

    Speak to a financial adviser if you\u2019re unsure whether you should make extra repayments or not.

    ", + "

    If you decide to make an extra repayment, you can choose how it is applied to your loan. For example, you can use it to reduce the total balance of your loan or to reduce the balance of a specific plan (if you have more than one plan).

    ", + "

    If you do not choose how the repayment is applied, the Student Loans Company (SLC) will decide how it\u2019s applied for you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a full time student from Wales, you may be able to get \u00a31,500 of your Maintenance Loan written off.

    ", + "

    Make a repayment without signing into an account

    ", + "

    You can make a card repayment towards your loan or someone else\u2019s without signing into an online account.

    ", + "

    You need the person\u2019s surname and customer reference number.

    ", + "

    Make extra repayments from the UK

    ", + "

    You can make extra repayments:

    ", + "
  • through your online account
    • ", + "
  • by bank transfer
    • ", + "
  • by cheque
    • ", + "

    Online account

    ", + "

    Sign in to your online account to:

    ", + "
  • make a repayment using a debit card
    • ", + "
  • set up a direct debit
    • ", + "

    Bank transfer

    ", + "

    To make a bank transfer or set-up a standing order from a UK bank account you must use the following bank details:

    ", + "

    Account name: Student Loans Company\nSort code: 60 70 80\nAccount number: 10027254

    ", + "

    Use one of these as your reference:

    ", + "
  • customer reference number
    • ", + "
  • grant reference number (if it\u2019s for a grant repayment)
    • ", + "

    Cheque

    ", + "

    To pay by cheque make your cheque payable to Student Loans Company Ltd and write the customer reference number on the back.

    ", + "

    It is taking longer than usual to process cheques because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Your cheque will be backdated and you will not build up additional interest because of the delay.

    ", + "

    Make extra repayments from overseas

    ", + "

    You can make extra repayments:

    ", + "
  • through your online account
    • ", + "
  • by International Bank Transfer (IBAN)
    • ", + "

    Online account

    ", + "

    Sign in to your online account to:

    ", + "
  • make a repayment using an international debit card
    • ", + "
  • set up a direct debit
    • ", + "

    International Bank Transfer

    ", + "

    To transfer money from a non-UK bank account, use the following details:

    ", + "

    IBAN: GB37NWBK60708010027254\nSWIFT: NWBKGB2L\nNatWest Government Banking Team\nNatWest Customer Service Centre\nBrampton Road\nNewcastle-under-Lyme\nStaffordshire\nST5 0QX

    ", + "

    Use one of these as your reference:

    ", + "
  • customer reference number
    • ", + "
  • grant reference number (if it\u2019s for a grant repayment)
    • ", + "

    Pay your loan off in full

    ", + "

    Call or contact SLC on social media to find out:

    ", + "
  • the total amount you owe (this is called the \u2018settlement amount\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • the date you need to pay by (this is called the \u2018settlement date\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your latest payslip if you\u2019re employed.

    ", + "

    Once you know the total you owe, you can pay by debit card over the phone, bank transfer or cheque.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay the settlement amount by the settlement date, you\u2019ll need to contact SLC again. This is because the amount you owe might have changed. You\u2019ll only need to provide any recent payslips or calculations since you last called.

    ", + "

    Getting a refund

    ", + "

    You can ask for a refund if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve paid more than the total amount you owe
    • ", + "
  • your annual income was below the threshold
    • ", + "
  • you started making repayments before you needed to
    • ", + "

    You cannot get a refund for extra repayments.

    ", + "

    If you pay back more than you owe

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell your employer to stop taking repayments from your salary when you have repaid your loan in full. It can take around 4 weeks for salary deductions to stop.

    ", + "

    This means you may pay back more than you owe.

    ", + "

    You can avoid paying more than you owe by changing your payments to direct debit in the final year of your repayments. Keep your contact details up to date so SLC can let you know how to set this up.

    ", + "

    If you have paid too much the Student Loans Company (SLC) will try to:

    ", + "
  • contact you to tell you how to get a refund
    • ", + "
  • refund you automatically (this will appear in your bank account as \u2018SLC Receipts\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You can check your loan balance in your online account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve overpaid and have not heard from SLC you can ask them for a refund.

    ", + "

    If your annual income was below the threshold

    ", + "

    You can ask for a refund if you made repayments but your income over the whole tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year) was less than:

    ", + "
  • \u00a319,895 a year for Plan 1
    • ", + "
  • \u00a327,295 a year for Plan 2
    • ", + "
  • \u00a325,000 a year for Plan 4
    • ", + "
  • \u00a321,000 a year for Postgraduate Loan
    • ", + "

    If your annual salary is less than this, your employer may still deduct repayments - for example if you get paid a bonus or overtime.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re repaying a Plan 1, Plan 2 and Plan 4 loan, you can only get a refund if your income was less than \u00a319,895.

    ", + "

    You can check previous thresholds if you ask about a refund on repayments made before this tax year.

    ", + "

    If you started repaying before you needed to

    ", + "

    If a deduction is taken from your salary before you\u2019re due to start repaying, you can ask for a refund.

    ", + "

    How to ask for a refund

    ", + "

    Call or contact SLC on social media with your customer reference number.

    ", + "

    You can contact SLC by post.

    ", + "

    When your student loan gets written off or cancelled

    ", + "

    When your student loan gets written off depends on which repayment plan you\u2019re on.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a full time student from Wales, you may be able to get \u00a31,500 of your Maintenance Loan written off.

    ", + "

    When Plan 1 loans get written off

    ", + "

    When your Plan 1 loan gets written off depends on when you took out the loan.

    ", + "Academic year you took out the loan | When the loan\u2019s written off", + "2005 to 2006, or earlier | When you\u2019re 65", + "2006 to 2007, or later | 25 years after the April you were first due to repay", + "

    When Plan 2 loans get written off

    ", + "

    Plan 2 loans are written off 30 years after the April you were first due to repay.

    ", + "

    When Plan 4 loans get written off

    ", + "Academic year you took out the loan | When the loan\u2019s written off", + "2006 to 2007, or earlier | When you\u2019re 65, or 30 years after the April you were first due to repay - whichever comes first", + "2007 to 2008, or later | 30 years after the April you were first due to repay", + "

    When Postgraduate Loans get written off

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a student from England or Wales, your Postgraduate Loan will be written off 30 years after the April you were first due to repay.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a postgraduate student from Northern Ireland, you\u2019re on Plan 1.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a postgraduate student from Scotland, you\u2019re on Plan 4.

    ", + "

    If someone with a student loan dies

    ", + "

    The Student Loans Company (SLC) will cancel the person\u2019s student loan.

    ", + "

    You need to let SLC know that the person has died and provide evidence (for example an original death certificate), as well as the person\u2019s Customer Reference Number.

    ", + "

    If you can no longer work because of illness or disability

    ", + "

    SLC may be able to cancel your loan if you claim certain disability benefits. You\u2019ll need to provide evidence (for example a letter from the benefits agency) and your Customer Reference Number.

    ", + "

    Update your employment details

    ", + "

    You need to update your details if you:

    ", + "
  • leave the UK for more than 3 months
    • ", + "
  • start a new job or become self-employed
    • ", + "
  • stop working
    • ", + "
  • get a letter or email from the Student Loans Company (SLC) asking you to update your employment details
    • ", + "

    SLC use these details to work out if you should be repaying your loan.

    ", + "

    You might get a higher interest rate if you do not update your details.

    ", + "

    Start now

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Social work bursaries", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re training for social work you may get a bursary.

    ", + "

    Social work bursaries:

    ", + "
  • help with living costs and tuition fees
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t depend on your household income
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t have to be paid back
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The social work bursary is a grant that doesn\u2019t depend on your household income and doesn\u2019t have to be paid back.

    ", + "

    The amount you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • where you study
    • ", + "
  • whether you study full or part-time
    • ", + "
  • the cost of your tuition
    • ", + "

    Graduates doing an undergraduate social work course can apply for the Maintenance Loan part of the main student finance \npackage.

    ", + "

    How it\u2019s paid

    ", + "

    Social work bursaries are paid in 3 instalments, one each term.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled

    ", + "

    You may be able to get extra help if you\u2019re disabled and a postgraduate student.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Social work bursaries are available to eligible social work students who:

    ", + "
  • don\u2019t get funding from their employer
    • ", + "
  • are studying an approved undergraduate or postgraduate course in social work
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t already have a higher education social work qualification
    • ", + "

    Your university or college will tell you if your course qualifies.

    ", + "

    Undergraduate students may also be able to get help from the main student finance \npackage - apply to Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible for a bursary if you\u2019re studying on an employment-based course including direct Open University courses.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You need to download forms from NHS Business Services Authority. The address to send the form is in the guidance notes.

    ", + "

    The deadline for 2017 to 2018 applications depends on when you start your course:

    ", + "Course starts | Application deadline", + "Autumn term | 1 November 2017", + "Winter term | 14 February 2018", + "

    Evidence needed

    ", + "

    You may need to prove your identity by sending both:

    ", + "
  • your birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • your passport (which must be valid)
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Student finance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to borrow money to help pay for university or college tuition fees and to help with living costs.

    ", + "

    You might get extra money on top of this, for example if you\u2019re on a low income, are disabled or have children.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a continuing student or you\u2019ve already created an account, log in to your account.

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    You start repaying once you earn over a certain amount. The size of your monthly repayments will depend on how much you earn, not what you owe.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged interest on the loan from the day you take it out. The terms and conditions can change.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if your course started before September 2012.

    ", + "

    Read the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for student finance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 25 and have no contact with your parents, you might be able to apply as an \u2018estranged student\u2019.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re a student from Scotland, Wales, or Northern Ireland. Contact the education authority if you live in the Channel Islands (Jersey and Guernsey) or Isle of Man.

    ", + "

    You can give someone permission to act on your behalf (for example using Power of Attorney) if you want them to apply for you.

    ", + "

    New full-time students

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and Maintenance Loan if your course starts on or after 1 August 2016.

    ", + "

    Tuition Fee Loan

    ", + "

    Your university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.

    ", + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250", + "

    If you\u2019re studying an accelerated degree course, you could get up to \u00a311,100.

    ", + "

    Maintenance Loan for living costs

    ", + "

    You may have to give details of your household income.

    ", + "

    The loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.

    ", + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Living at home | Up to 7,747 | Up to \u00a37,987", + "Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a39,203 | Up to \u00a39,488", + "Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a312,010 | Up to \u00a312,382", + "You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a310,539 | Up to \u00a310,866", + "

    You must report any changes to your living arrangements in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance. You might need evidence of any changes.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course you can apply for up to \u00a34,014.

    ", + "

    Use the student finance calculator to estimate your Maintenance Loan.

    ", + "

    Applying during coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Read the guidance for students during coronavirus for more information about:

    ", + "
  • changes in your household income
    • ", + "
  • self-isolation stopping you from posting evidence
    • ", + "
  • contacting the Student Loans Company
    • ", + "

    Coronavirus and maintenance loans

    ", + "

    You do not need to tell SLC if your course has moved online, as long as your living arrangements stay the same. If they have changed, you must update your address in your online account.

    ", + "

    Extra help with travel costs

    ", + "

    You might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home. If you\u2019re a medical or dental student you might also qualify for help with the costs of attending clinical placements in the UK.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    2021 to 2022 academic year

    ", + "

    Continuing full-time students

    ", + "

    What you\u2019re eligible for depends on when your course starts.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get extra help.

    ", + "

    If your course starts on or after 1 August 2016

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and a Maintenance Loan if your course starts on or after 1 August 2016.

    ", + "

    Tuition Fee Loan

    ", + "

    Your university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.

    ", + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250", + "

    Maintenance Loan for living costs

    ", + "

    You may have to give details of your household income.

    ", + "

    The loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of term. You have to pay the loan back.

    ", + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Living at home | Up to 7,747 | Up to \u00a37,987", + "Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a39,203 | Up to \u00a39,488", + "Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a312,010 | Up to \u00a312,382", + "You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a310,539 | Up to \u00a310,866", + "

    You must report any changes to your living arrangements, including if you\u2019re no longer studying abroad in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course you can apply for up to \u00a34,014.

    ", + "

    In your final year, you\u2019ll receive less money than you did in previous years.

    ", + "

    If your course started before 1 August 2016

    ", + "

    You can apply for grants and loans if your course started before 1 August 2016.

    ", + "

    Tuition Fee Loan

    ", + "

    Your university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.

    ", + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250", + "

    Maintenance Loan for living costs

    ", + "

    Students aged 60 and over cannot apply. You may have to give details of your household income.

    ", + "

    The loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.

    ", + "

    You must report any changes to your living arrangements, including if you\u2019re no longer studying abroad in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance.

    ", + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Living at home | Up to \u00a35,247 | Up to \u00a35,410", + "Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a36,597 | Up to \u00a36,802", + "Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a39,205 | Up to \u00a39,490", + "You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a37,838 | Up to \u00a38,081", + "

    In your final year, you\u2019ll receive less money than you did in previous years.

    ", + "

    Maintenance Grant for living costs

    ", + "

    You have to give details of your household income and your course start date.

    ", + "

    The grant is paid into your bank account at the start of each term. You do not have to pay it back, but any funds you get will reduce the Maintenance Loan you can get.

    ", + "

    Special Support Grant

    ", + "

    You may get a Special Support Grant instead of a Maintenance Grant if you get or qualify for:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • the housing element of Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    The amount you get is the same as the Maintenance Grant, but it will not reduce the Maintenance Loan you can get.

    ", + "

    You may get the Special Support Grant if, for example, you\u2019re a lone parent or have certain disabilities.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if you can get the grant when you apply for student finance.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Apply for student finance or find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    Help with the costs of studying abroad

    ", + "

    You might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home. If you\u2019re a medical or dental student you might also qualify for help with the costs of attending clinical placements in the UK.

    ", + "

    Help during coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Read the guidance for students during coronavirus for more information, including if:

    ", + "
  • your university or college is shut
    • ", + "
  • your household income changes
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll need to repeat or extend your studies
    • ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    2021 to 2022 academic year

    ", + "

    Part-time students

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a loan if your part-time course has a \u2018course intensity\u2019 of 25% or more.

    ", + "

    \u2018Course intensity\u2019 measures how much of your course you complete each year compared to an equivalent full-time course.

    ", + "

    You can work this out by comparing your module credits with the number of module credits a full-time student will study. You\u2019ll be asked how many credits you\u2019ll study when you apply for the loan.

    ", + "

    Check with your university or college if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    What you can apply for depends on when your course starts.

    ", + "

    You must report any changes to your living arrangements in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance. You might need evidence of any changes.

    ", + "

    If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and a Maintenance Loan.

    ", + "

    Tuition Fee Loan

    ", + "

    Your university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.

    ", + "

    You can get up to \u00a36,935 in an academic year.

    ", + "

    Maintenance Loan for living costs

    ", + "

    How much you can get depends on:

    ", + "
  • where you live while studying
    • ", + "
  • your household income
    • ", + "
  • your course intensity
    • ", + "

    The loan is paid directly into your bank account 2 weeks after the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a Maintenance Loan as a Distance Learning student if you cannot attend your course in person because of a disability.

    ", + "

    Use the student finance calculator to estimate your Maintenance Loan.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible for a Maintenance Loan if you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course.

    ", + "

    If your course started before 1 August 2018

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan.

    ", + "

    Your university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.

    ", + "

    You can get up to \u00a36,935 in an academic year.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Apply for student finance or find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    EU students

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a Tuition Fee Loan and help with living costs if you\u2019re from an EU country, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Use the student finance calculator to see what finance you can get.

    ", + "

    Tuition Fee Loan

    ", + "

    Your university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.

    ", + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250", + "Full-time student at a private university or college | Up to \u00a36,165 | Up to \u00a36,165", + "Part-time student | Up to \u00a36,935 | Up to \u00a36,935", + "Part-time student at a private university or college | Up to \u00a34,625 | Up to \u00a34,625", + "

    Use the student finance calculator to estimate your Tuition Fee Loan.

    ", + "

    Help with living costs

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for help with your living costs if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived in the UK for more than 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course
    • ", + "
  • you have settled status
    • ", + "

    Academic years start on 1 September, 1 January, 1 April or 1 July. Ask someone who runs your course if you do not know which one applies.

    ", + "

    Student Finance from August 2021

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re\u00a0starting a course\u00a0on\u00a0or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study here.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Apply for student finance or find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    2021 to 2022 academic year

    ", + "

    Extra help

    ", + "

    Check on the student finance calculator to see what extra help you might be able to get.

    ", + "

    Students on a low income

    ", + "

    You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship
    • ", + "

    Students with children or dependent adults

    ", + "

    You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • Childcare Grant - full-time students only
    • ", + "
  • Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance - full-time students only
    • ", + "
  • Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant - full-time students only
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship
    • ", + "

    Disabled students

    ", + "

    If you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (such as dyslexia) you can apply for:

    ", + "
  • Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance
    • ", + "
  • extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship
    • ", + "

    You may also qualify for disability related benefits.

    ", + "

    Medical, social work and teacher training students

    ", + "

    You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • NHS bursaries if you\u2019re studying certain medical, dentistry or healthcare courses
    • ", + "
  • help with costs of travel to UK clinical placements if you\u2019re studying a medical, dentistry or healthcare course
    • ", + "
  • social work bursaries if you\u2019re a social work student
    • ", + "
  • extra help if you\u2019re a teacher training student
    • ", + "

    Students studying abroad

    ", + "

    You might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home.

    ", + "

    Help from your university or college

    ", + "

    Many universities and colleges offer extra money directly to students.

    ", + "

    Funding from charitable trusts

    ", + "

    Use the Turn2us grant search to check whether you qualify for funding from a charitable trust.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Whether you qualify for student finance depends on:

    ", + "
  • your university or college
    • ", + "
  • your course
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019ve studied a higher education course before
    • ", + "
  • your age
    • ", + "
  • your nationality or residency status
    • ", + "

    Your university or college

    ", + "

    This should be a university, college or other institution that offers a qualifying course.

    ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    Check with the university or college that your course is recognised.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying full-time

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for student finance if your course is in the UK and one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd
    • ", + "
  • a Foundation Degree
    • ", + "
  • a Certificate of Higher Education
    • ", + "
  • a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Certificate (HNC)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Diploma (HND)
    • ", + "
  • an Initial Teacher Training course
    • ", + "
  • an integrated master\u2019s degree
    • ", + "
  • a pre-registration postgraduate healthcare course
    • ", + "

    Check on the student finance calculator to find out which loans and grants you could be eligible for.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying part-time

    ", + "

    Your course needs a \u2018course intensity\u2019 of 25% or more for you to be eligible for student finance.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be eligible for a Tuition Fee Loan if your course is in the UK and one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd
    • ", + "
  • a Foundation Degree
    • ", + "
  • a Certificate of Higher Education
    • ", + "
  • a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Certificate (HNC)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Diploma (HND)
    • ", + "
  • an Initial Teacher Training course
    • ", + "
  • an integrated master\u2019s degree
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be eligible for a Maintenance Loan if your course is in the UK and one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd
    • ", + "
  • an Initial Teacher Training course (if it\u2019s degree level or above)
    • ", + "
  • an integrated master\u2019s degree
    • ", + "
  • a Foundation Degree in dental hygiene and dental therapy
    • ", + "
  • a DipHE in dental hygiene and dental therapy or operating department practice
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve studied before

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually only get student finance if you\u2019re doing your first higher education qualification - even if your previous course was self-funded. You may still be eligible for limited funding in certain circumstances and for some courses.

    ", + "

    If you changed course, stopped your studies or are repeating a year

    ", + "

    If you stopped your course within the first year, you\u2019ll get funding for the same course or a new course when you go back.

    ", + "

    You might also get funding if you:

    ", + "
  • suspended your course or withdrew before it finished - and you\u2019re going back to study any course
    • ", + "
  • are repeating a year of your course at the same university, college, or institution.
    • ", + "

    If you stopped your studies for a personal reason (for example, you were ill or pregnant) you might get funding for all of your course - you should apply online with supporting evidence.

    ", + "

    You can calculate the amount you will get by taking the total number of years of the course you are applying for and adding one year. Then take away the number of years you studied for. If you studied for part of a year you should count it as a whole year.

    ", + "

    If you already have a degree

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for limited funding in certain circumstances.

    ", + "

    You may get limited funding if you\u2019re \u2018topping up\u2019 a higher education qualification, for example you\u2019ve finished an HNC, HND or Foundation Degree and now want to do an Honours degree.

    ", + "

    You may also get limited funding if you hold an Honours degree or a higher level of qualification and start a new course. This could be a part-time Honours degree, a joint Honours degree or an Integrated Master\u2019s degree in one of the following (or 2 if it\u2019s a joint Honours degree):

    ", + "
  • agriculture and related subjects
    • ", + "
  • architecture (if it\u2019s a MArch RIBA Part 2 course)
    • ", + "
  • biological sciences
    • ", + "
  • computer science
    • ", + "
  • mathematical sciences
    • ", + "
  • medicine and allied subjects
    • ", + "
  • physical sciences
    • ", + "
  • technologies
    • ", + "
  • courses leading to qualification as a veterinary surgeon
    • ", + "

    You could also be eligible if you\u2019re starting a healthcare course on or after 1 August 2017.

    ", + "

    Your age

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no upper age limit for Tuition Fee Loans or grants.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 60 or over

    ", + "

    You may get limited funding for Maintenance Loans if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your \ncourse
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re studying full-time
    • ", + "
  • your course started on or after 1 August 2016
    • ", + "

    The amount you can apply for depends on your household income.

    ", + "

    Your nationality or residency status

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with:

    ", + "
  • your tuition fees and living costs (full support)
    • ", + "
  • your tuition fees
    • ", + "

    The type of help you can get depends on your nationality and residency status.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re eligible for full support

    ", + "

    You can apply for full support if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK or Irish citizen or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (no restrictions on how long you can stay)
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in England
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday
    • ", + "

    You may be eligible for full support if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who:

    ", + "
  • returned to the UK by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years
    • ", + "

    You may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:

    ", + "
  • refugee (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • humanitarian protection (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein (including family members) with settled or pre-settled status
    • ", + "
  • child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • a stateless person (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment
    • ", + "
  • a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain
    • ", + "
  • a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given settled status (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner
    • ", + "

    You could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:

    ", + "
  • under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years
    • ", + "
  • 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)
    • ", + "

    You must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.

    ", + "

    When you can apply for help with your tuition fees

    ", + "

    You can apply for tuition fee funding if you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland for the past 3 years and you have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re an EU national or the family member of an EU national
    • ", + "
  • pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re the family member of an Irish citizen or person of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Irish citizenship
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltarian status as an EU national
    • ", + "
  • been living in Gibraltar as a UK national
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an Irish citizen, you\u2019re still eligible to apply if you\u2019ve lived in the UK and Ireland in the 3 years before your course.

    ", + "

    Use the student finance calculator to see what finance you can get.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Apply for student finance or find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for student finance.

    ", + "

    Parents or partners of students

    ", + "

    Confirm your income if you\u2019re the student\u2019s parent or partner.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Student finance if you suspend or leave your course", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance-if-you-suspend-or-leave", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you leave or suspend your studies you must:

    ", + "
  • stop your student finance
    • ", + "
  • repay any student finance you are not entitled to
    • ", + "

    Your student finance includes:

    ", + "
  • Maintenance Loans
    • ", + "
  • Tuition Fee Loans
    • ", + "
  • grants and bursaries
    • ", + "

    How much you need to repay and when you need to repay it depends on:

    ", + "
  • what type of student finance you have
    • ", + "
  • when in the academic year you leave your course
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re planning to return to your course or not
    • ", + "

    If you suspend because of illness or another serious personal reason, you might still be able to get student finance while you\u2019re away.

    ", + "

    Stopping your student finance

    ", + "

    You must stop your student finance payments as soon as you decide to suspend your studies or leave your course early.

    ", + "

    This will reduce any repayments you may need to make.

    ", + "

    Student finance covers:

    ", + "
  • Maintenance Loans
    • ", + "
  • Tuition Fee Loans
    • ", + "
  • grants and bursaries
    • ", + "

    How to stop your student finance payments

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • tell your university or college that you\u2019re leaving or suspending your course
    • ", + "
  • contact Student Finance England if you\u2019re a student from England
    • ", + "

    The way to make contact is different if you\u2019re a student from:

    ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    If you suspend your studies you can usually postpone your student finance payments until you return.

    ", + "

    Repaying your student finance

    ", + "

    How much and when you have to repay depends on:

    ", + "
  • the type of student finance you have
    • ", + "
  • when in the academic year you leave your course
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re planning to return to your course or not
    • ", + "

    Your university or college will tell your student finance provider the date you finished your studies.

    ", + "

    Maintenance Loans

    ", + "

    Your student finance provider will reassess your Maintenance Loan based on the number of days you attended your course.

    ", + "

    If any of your loan covers the period after you\u2019ve left your course, this counts as an overpayment and you\u2019ll need to repay it straight away.

    ", + "

    The Student Loans Company will write and tell you how much you must repay. If you cannot repay the full amount, you can ask them to set up a repayment plan.

    ", + "

    The rest of your Maintenance Loan is repaid in the usual way once you start earning over the threshold amount.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re planning to return to your studies

    ", + "

    The amount you were overpaid will usually be taken off your student finance payments when you return, so you do not have to repay straight away.

    ", + "

    Grants and bursaries

    ", + "

    If any of your grant or bursary covers the period after you\u2019ve left your course, this counts as an overpayment and you\u2019ll need to repay it straight away.

    ", + "

    There are exceptions for:

    ", + "
  • childcare grants taken in or after the 2019 to 2020 academic year
    • ", + "
  • grants taken in or before the 2016 to 2017 academic year
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay back overpayments on these grants until you\u2019ve finished your course.

    ", + "

    Tuition Fee Loans

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to repay at least some of your Tuition Fee loan for the year that you suspend or leave your course.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay back:

    ", + "
  • 25% of the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 1
    • ", + "
  • 50% of the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 2
    • ", + "
  • all the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 3
    • ", + "

    This is repaid in the usual way once you start earning over the threshold amount.

    ", + "

    Getting student finance while you suspend your studies

    ", + "

    You might be able to get student finance while you\u2019re away from your course if you suspend due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to get Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances.

    ", + "

    You can apply for funding if you return to your studies.

    ", + "

    If you suspend because you\u2019re seriously ill

    ", + "

    You might be able to get a Maintenance Loan for 60 days after you suspend your course.

    ", + "

    Your university or college must tell the Student Loans Company (SLC) about your situation.

    ", + "

    Apply for extra money

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re having financial difficulties after 60 days you might be able to get more Maintenance Loan.

    ", + "

    Apply to Student Finance England with:

    ", + "
  • a covering letter explaining your situation, including your customer reference number
    • ", + "
  • evidence to support your claim, such as a bank statement or copy of your tenancy agreement
    • ", + "

    The address you send your application to is different if you\u2019re a student from:

    ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You might also be able to get extra money from your university or college hardship fund.

    ", + "

    If you suspend for another serious personal reason

    ", + "

    You might still be able to get a Maintenance Loan for some or all the time you\u2019re away from your studies.

    ", + "

    Apply to Student Finance England with:

    ", + "
  • a letter explaining why you have to suspend your course, including your customer reference number and the academic year it relates to
    • ", + "
  • evidence to support your claim
    • ", + "

    Supporting evidence includes things like:

    ", + "
  • a letter from your doctor or social services
    • ", + "
  • a letter from your university or college
    • ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "

    The address you send your application to is different if you\u2019re a student from:

    ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You might need to send more than one piece of evidence.

    ", + "

    SLC will send you a letter explaining how much loan money you can get. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Student finance: how to apply", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-student-finance", + "contents": [ + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you have studied before and your nationality.

    ", + "

    New students from England

    ", + "

    Most full-time and part-time students can apply online to Student Finance England.

    ", + "
  • Set up a student finance online account.
    • ", + "
  • Log in and complete the online application.
    • ", + "
  • Include your household income if needed. Your parent or partner will be asked to confirm these details.
    • ", + "
  • Send in proof of identity, if needed.
    • ", + "

    If you cannot apply online, use the form finder to get the forms you need. You can call Student Finance England if you want to apply online but you cannot use a computer without help.

    ", + "

    Continuing students from England

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a continuing student if you are:

    ", + "
  • moving on to the next year of your course
    • ", + "
  • repeating a year of the same course or returning to a course after taking time out
    • ", + "
  • transferring onto a new course from your old course
    • ", + "

    You should log in to your student finance account and apply online.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re returning to study after taking time out for personal reasons

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you have studied for more than one year before and you\u2019re going back to your studies after stopping your course because of personal reasons. This could be for things like if you were ill, pregnant, caring for someone or someone close to you died.

    ", + "

    You should log in to your student finance account and apply online.

    ", + "

    You must also send a letter explaining why you suspended your studies with supporting evidence.

    ", + "

    The letter must include:

    ", + "
  • your customer reference number for student finance
    • ", + "
  • an explanation of your situation and why you had to suspend your studies
    • ", + "

    Supporting evidence can include:

    ", + "
  • a letter from your doctor or social services on headed paper
    • ", + "
  • a letter from your university or college on headed paper
    • ", + "
  • copies of birth or death certificates
    • ", + "

    You might need to send more than one piece of evidence if it helps you to show why you stopped your course.

    ", + "

    Use your online account to send the letter and evidence to Student Finance England, or send it by post.

    ", + "

    Student Finance England will send you a letter confirming how much you\u2019ll get, usually within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for students from Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    New EU students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, apply online.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, apply by post.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter confirming how much you\u2019ll get, usually within 6 weeks.

    ", + "

    Continuing EU students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, apply online.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you\u2019ll be sent application forms to fill in and return by post. Check your address is up to date in your student finance account.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for the following academic years:

    ", + "
  • 2021 to 2022 (part-time students can apply from summer 2021)
    • ", + "
  • 2020 to 2021
    • ", + "

    You can still apply for funding up to 9 months after the first day of the academic year for your course.

    ", + "Course start date | Apply by", + "Between 1 August and 31 December | 31 May after your course started", + "Between 1 January and 31 March | 30 September after your course started", + "Between 1 April and 30 June | 31 December after your course started", + "Between 1 July and 31 July | 31 March after your course started", + "

    You do not need a confirmed place to apply.

    ", + "

    EU students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU student applying for 2021 to 2022, when and how you apply depends on the type of support you want.

    ", + "

    Full-time students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, you can apply online now.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you can apply by post now.

    ", + "

    Part-time students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, you can apply online from summer 2021.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you can apply by post from summer 2021.

    ", + "

    Proof of identity

    ", + "

    Students from England

    ", + "

    Include your valid UK passport details in your application the first time you apply. Fill in the passport details form - do not send the passport itself.

    ", + "Academic year | Form", + "2021 to 2022 | UK passport details form 2021 to 2022 (PDF, 49KB)", + "2020 to 2021 | UK passport details form 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 41KB)", + "

    If you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    Include your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    EU students

    ", + "

    Send your non-UK passport or identity card the first time you apply.

    ", + "

    Where to send your documents

    ", + "

    Any original documents you send will be returned to you within 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    Students from England

    ", + "

    EU students

    ", + "

    Household income

    ", + "

    You must provide your household income if you apply for any of the following:

    ", + "
  • full Maintenance Loan
    • ", + "
  • Maintenance Grant - not available if your course started on or after 1 August 2016
    • ", + "
  • Special Support Grant - not available if your course started on or after 1 August 2016
    • ", + "
  • Childcare Grant
    • ", + "
  • Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant
    • ", + "
  • Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide your household income for tax year:

    ", + "
  • 2019 to 2020 if you\u2019re applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year
    • ", + "
  • 2018 to 2019 if you\u2019re applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year
    • ", + "

    After you apply, Student Finance England will ask the people in your household to confirm their income. They might need to provide evidence.

    ", + "

    What counts as household income

    ", + "

    Your household income includes any of the following that apply:

    ", + "
  • your parents\u2019 income, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially
    • ", + "
  • the combined income of one of your parents and their partner, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially
    • ", + "
  • your partner\u2019s income, if you\u2019re over 25 and live with them (even if they spend most of their time abroad)
    • ", + "
  • income you get from your own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve supported yourself financially for at least 3 years or had no contact with your parents for over a year, you might be able to apply as an \u2018independent student\u2019.

    ", + "

    Change an application

    ", + "

    You must say if any details in your application change. You\u2019ll need to report some changes yourself. Your parents, partner or sponsor will need to report others.

    ", + "

    Changes you must report

    ", + "

    Full time students

    ", + "

    Use your online account to tell Student Finance England if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve changed your course, university or college
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re repeating a year
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status
    • ", + "
  • your Tuition Fee Loan amount has changed
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re living somewhere new
    • ", + "

    Part-time students and EU students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a part-time or EU student, you\u2019ll need to fill in form CO2 or EUCO1 instead.

    ", + " | Student type | Form", + "2020 to 2021 academic year | Part-time student | CO2 form for 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 94KB)", + "2019 to 2020 academic year | Part-time student | CO2 form for 2019 to 2020 (PDF, 85KB)", + "2021 to 2022 academic year | EU student | EUCO1 form for 2021 to 2022 (PDF, 136KB)", + "2020 to 2021 academic year | EU student | EUCO1 form for 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 146KB)", + "

    Use your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    After your course starts you can contact your university or college to change or repeat your course or change your Tuition Fee Loan.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status

    ", + "

    You must write and tell Student Finance England if you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status. The letter must include:

    ", + "
  • your customer reference number
    • ", + "
  • the date
    • ", + "
  • your signature
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your name you must include a copy of one of the following with your letter:

    ", + "
  • marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • decree absolute
    • ", + "
  • change of name deed - it must be an enrolled deed poll
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your marital status, you must include a copy of one of the following with your letter:

    ", + "
  • marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • decree absolute
    • ", + "
  • civil partnership final order
    • ", + "

    Use your online account to send the letter and evidence to Student Finance England, or send it by post.

    ", + "

    If you cannot provide the right document, contact Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    Changes your parents, partner or sponsor must report

    ", + "

    If your household income changes

    ", + "

    Your parents or partner must:

    ", + "
  • correct any mistakes relating to their household income
    • ", + "
  • tell Student Finance England if they think their household income will be at least 15% lower than the tax year they submitted details for
    • ", + "

    If your parents or sponsor have another child

    ", + "

    Your parents or sponsor must tell Student Finance England if they have any more children.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Studying abroad: travel grants for students (England)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may get a grant to cover some of your travel expenses if you normally live in England and:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re studying abroad as part of your course, or on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a medical or dental student studying abroad or attending a clinical placement in the UK
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay back a travel grant. There are rules on eligibility and how much you\u2019ll get.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re a student from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The amount you get depends on your total household income. This means your income, if you have one, combined with that of your parents or guardians, or spouse or partner if you live with them. Do not count income from other family members you live with.

    ", + "

    You must pay the \ufb01rst \u00a3303 of your travel costs - and your travel grant will be reduced by \u00a31 for each \u00a38.73 of household income over \u00a339,796.

    ", + "

    Keep your travel costs as low as possible without being impractical.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying abroad

    ", + "

    You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 return journeys between your home and the overseas institution during a full academic year abroad
    • ", + "
  • help with essential expenses, medical insurance and travel visas
    • ", + "

    You may be able to apply for your children\u2019s travel costs if you\u2019re a single parent.

    ", + "

    Medical or dental students doing a clinical placement in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply for travel costs between your home and the hospital or facility where you\u2019re doing your placement.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your permanent home address must be in England.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying abroad

    ", + "

    You must attend an overseas institution for at least half of each academic term. This period of study can be compulsory or optional.

    ", + "

    You can also get a travel grant if you\u2019re on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement. Other work placements do not count.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re doing a clinical placement in the UK

    ", + "

    The placement must be an essential part of your medical or dental course. You will not get a travel grant if you\u2019re eligible for means-tested bursaries or awards from the Department of Health.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you get student \ufb01nance that depends on your household income, for example a Maintenance Loan or Maintenance Grant.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying abroad

    ", + "
  • Apply for student finance for your study abroad using your student finance account. You can register and set up an account if you do not already have one.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll then receive a course abroad form.
    • ", + "
  • Once you\u2019ve filled in and returned the form, you\u2019ll automatically receive a travel grant form if you\u2019re eligible.
    • ", + "

    Keep all receipts for any expenses you want to apply for - you\u2019ll need to send copies when you apply.

    ", + "

    The money will be paid direct into your bank account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re doing a clinical placement in the UK

    ", + "

    After applying for student finance for clinical study you\u2019ll automatically receive a travel grant form if you\u2019re eligible.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Support your child or partner's student finance application", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-child-or-partners-student-finance-application", + "contents": [ + "

    Give details of your household income

    ", + "

    You might need to provide information about your income if your child or partner has applied for student finance in England.

    ", + "

    Your information will be used to work out if your child or partner can get extra money on top of the Tuition Fee Loan and the basic Maintenance Loan.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if your child or partner is applying in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get an email with a link to create an online account or login. You must use your own account - you cannot use the same account as your child or partner.
    • ", + "
  • Provide information about your income in the previous tax year.
    • ", + "
  • If your income this tax year will be at least 15% less you can give your income details for the current tax year instead.
    • ", + "
  • Send in evidence if you\u2019re asked for it.
    • ", + "

    What information you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to know the following about a previous tax year:

    ", + "
  • your household\u2019s taxable income
    • ", + "
  • details of your personal taxable income
    • ", + "

    The previous tax year will be:

    ", + "
  • 2019 to 2020 if your child or partner is applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year
    • ", + "
  • 2018 to 2019 if your child or partner is applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year
    • ", + "
  • 2017 to 2018 if your child or partner is applying for the 2019 to 2020 academic year
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re supporting your child\u2019s application

    ", + "

    Your household income is the combined income of:

    ", + "
  • you
    • ", + "
  • your partner, if you live with them (even if you were not living with them during the previous tax year)
    • ", + "
  • income your child gets from their own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re supporting your partner\u2019s application

    ", + "

    Your household income is the combined income of you and your partner (even if you were not living with them during the previous tax year).

    ", + "

    How to provide information about your income

    ", + "

    Once your child or partner has applied, you\u2019ll get an email within 24 hours with a link so you can provide your information.

    ", + "

    You might need to create an account. You must use your own account - you cannot use the same account as your child or partner.

    ", + "

    Household income your current income is lower

    ", + "

    You can give your details for the current tax year if you think your household income will be at least 15% lower than the tax year you\u2019ve been asked to provide details for.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will check that the information you\u2019ve provided matches their records. This will usually take up to 2 weeks.

    ", + "

    You might be asked to send evidence of your:

    ", + "
  • income - if the details you\u2019ve given do not match HMRC\u2019s records
    • ", + "
  • marital status - if you\u2019re separated or divorced
    • ", + "

    It can take up to 6 weeks to review your evidence.

    ", + "

    Student Finance England will write to your child or partner when all your information has been confirmed.

    ", + "

    If your information is still being processed when your child or partner starts their course, they\u2019ll still get the Tuition Fee Loan and the basic Maintenance Loan (if they\u2019re eligible).

    ", + "

    Supporting a continuing student

    ", + "

    Your child or partner needs to apply for student finance each year.

    ", + "

    When they apply, you\u2019ll get an email within 24 hours. The email will have a link to sign in to your account, where you must provide:

    ", + "
  • your marital status
    • ", + "
  • any changes to the information you provided the previous year
    • ", + "
  • your financial information for the previous tax year
    • ", + "

    If you provided income details for the current tax year

    ", + "

    You can use the same income details that you provided last year.

    ", + "

    If your income has dropped by at least 15% again, you can send in a new current tax year income assessment form.

    ", + "

    If your income has gone down

    ", + "

    You can apply for a current year income assessment if you think your household income this tax year will be at least 15% lower than the year you\u2019ve been asked to give details about.

    ", + "

    The current tax year is 6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022.

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re eligible for a current year income assessment

    ", + "

    To apply, the student must be on a course where their student finance is based on your household income.

    ", + "

    Your total estimated household income for the full current tax year must be at least 15% lower than for a previous tax year.

    ", + "

    The previous tax year will be:

    ", + "
  • 2019 to 2020 if your child or partner is applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year
    • ", + "
  • 2018 to 2019 if your child or partner is applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year
    • ", + "
  • 2017 to 2018 if your child or partner is applying for the 2019 to 2020 academic year
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll qualify for an assessment if your expected household income after the 15% decrease is between \u00a325,000 and \u00a358,220 a year.

    ", + "

    If your household income is more than \u00a358,220 a year but less than \u00a370,004 a year, you may still qualify depending on the student\u2019s circumstances. Check how you\u2019re assessed and paid.

    ", + "

    If your total household income is likely to be less than \u00a325,000 a year, you will not be able to get an assessment unless the student needs it to get:

    ", + "
  • a bursary or scholarship from a university or college
    • ", + "
  • extra student finance for children or dependent adults
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To apply, you must have already created an online account and given information about a previous tax year.

    ", + "

    You then need to complete these 3 steps.

    ", + "
  • Fill in a current year income assessment form and send it to Student Finance England.
    • ", + "
  • Keep your income details up to date during the year.
    • ", + "
  • Confirm your actual income at the end of the tax year.
    • ", + "

    Fill in a current year income assessment form

    ", + "

    Fill in the form and send it to Student Finance England. You can do this through your online account, or print out the form and send it by post.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the parent of the student and your partner also lives in the household, you\u2019ll both need to complete the form, even if only one income has changed.

    ", + "

    This is because you\u2019re assessed on household income from the same tax year.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re estimating your income, include:

    ", + "
  • working overtime or extra hours
    • ", + "
  • any maternity or paternity pay
    • ", + "
  • any casual work, shift work or contract work
    • ", + "
  • any pay rises, bonuses or redundancy pay
    • ", + "
  • income changes from changing jobs or returning to work
    • ", + "
  • income from self-employment
    • ", + "Academic year | Course type | Form", + "2021 to 2022 | Any | Current year income assessment form - 2021 to 2022", + "2020 to 2021 | Any | Current year income assessment form - 2020 to 2021", + "2019 to 2020 | Part-time | Current year income assessment form for part-time students - 2019 to 2020", + "

    Keep your income details up to date

    ", + "

    If your income changes during the year, send a new current tax year income assessment form to Student Finance England as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be reassessed and the amount of money your student is entitled to might go up or down. Student Finance England will contact the student directly to let them know.

    ", + "

    If you do not keep your income details up to date your student may be overpaid. They\u2019ll have to pay back any overpayment straight away.

    ", + "

    Confirm your income at the end of the tax year

    ", + "

    After the tax year finishes you must send evidence of what your actual income was for the year. You\u2019ll usually be sent a form to fill in at the start of May.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    If you have not completed your tax return yet, fill in the form to ask to delay providing evidence until after the Self Assessment deadline (January the following year).

    ", + "

    You still need to return evidence for any other employment, for example if you had a salaried job earlier in the year.

    ", + "

    If your household income is different from what you estimated

    ", + "

    How much your student is entitled to will change. If your actual income was:

    ", + "
  • lower - your student might be entitled to more money
    • ", + "
  • higher - your student will have to repay any extra money they received
    • ", + "

    If you do not send in evidence your student will only be entitled to basic student finance. They\u2019ll have to repay any extra money they got based on your income straight away.

    ", + "

    If you need to update your details

    ", + "

    Fill in a PFF2 or PFF3 form if:

    ", + "
  • you made a mistake
    • ", + "
  • your circumstances change, such as your marital status or you have another child
    • ", + "Academic year | Course type | Form", + "2021 to 2022 | Any | PFF2: income details form for full-time students - 2021 to 2022", + "2020 to 2021 | Any | PFF2: income details form - 2020 to 2021", + "2019 to 2020 | Part-time | PFF3: income details form for part-time students - 2019 to 2020", + "

    Use your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Check if your university or college can award a degree", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-university-award-degree", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If your degree is not officially recognised, it might not be accepted by employers, or universities if you\u2019re planning further study.

    ", + "

    Your degree will be officially recognised if it\u2019s either:

    ", + "
  • awarded by an institution on the list of recognised bodies
    • ", + "
  • on the list of recognised awards
    • ", + "

    If your institution or award is not listed

    ", + "

    Your degree can be awarded by a different institution from the place you\u2019re studying.

    ", + "

    Your degree will still be officially recognised if the institution that awards your degree is on the list of recognised bodies.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure who awards your degree, ask your university or college, or check their website or prospectus. You can double check this with the institution you\u2019re told awards your degree.

    ", + "

    If you have any questions

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure who awards your degree after speaking to your university or college, who you contact depends on where you study in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you study in England

    ", + "

    Email the Office for Students - providerverification@officeforstudents.org.uk.

    ", + "

    If you study in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Contact the Northern Ireland Executive higher education division.

    ", + "

    If you study in Scotland

    ", + "

    Contact the Scottish Government central enquiry unit.

    ", + "

    If you study in Wales

    ", + "

    Email the Welsh Government - customerhelp@gov.wales.

    ", + "

    Recognised bodies

    ", + "

    Recognised bodies are higher learning institutions that can award degrees.

    ", + "

    A

    ", + "

    University of Aberdeen

    ", + "

    Abertay University (formerly University of Abertay Dundee)

    ", + "

    Aberystwyth University (Prifysgol Aberystwyth)

    ", + "

    Anglia Ruskin University

    ", + "

    Anglo-European College of Chiropractic

    ", + "

    Archbishop of Canterbury, The

    ", + "

    Arden University (formerly known as Resource Development International)

    ", + "

    Ashridge Business School

    ", + "

    Aston University

    ", + "

    B

    ", + "

    Bangor University (Prifysgol Bangor)

    ", + "

    University of Bath

    ", + "

    Bath Spa University

    ", + "

    University of Bedfordshire

    ", + "

    BIMM Institute

    ", + "

    Birkbeck, University of London

    ", + "

    University of Birmingham

    ", + "

    Birmingham City University

    ", + "

    University College Birmingham

    ", + "

    Bishop Grosseteste University

    ", + "

    University of Bolton

    ", + "

    Arts University Bournemouth

    ", + "

    Bournemouth University

    ", + "

    BPP University

    ", + "

    University of Bradford

    ", + "

    University of Brighton

    ", + "

    University of Bristol

    ", + "

    Brunel University London

    ", + "

    University of Buckingham

    ", + "

    Buckinghamshire New University

    ", + "

    C

    ", + "

    University of Cambridge

    ", + "

    Canterbury Christ Church University

    ", + "

    Cardiff Metropolitan University (Prifysgol Metropolitan Caerdydd)

    ", + "

    Cardiff University (Prifysgol Caerdydd)

    ", + "

    University of Chester

    ", + "

    University of Chichester

    ", + "

    City, University of London

    ", + "

    Courtauld Institute of Art, The (degrees awarded by University of London)

    ", + "

    Coventry University

    ", + "

    Cranfield University

    ", + "

    University for the Creative Arts

    ", + "

    University of Cumbria

    ", + "

    D

    ", + "

    De Montfort University

    ", + "

    University of Derby

    ", + "

    University of Dundee

    ", + "

    Durham University

    ", + "

    E

    ", + "

    University of East Anglia

    ", + "

    University of East London

    ", + "

    Edge Hill University

    ", + "

    University of Edinburgh, The

    ", + "

    Edinburgh Napier University

    ", + "

    University of Essex

    ", + "

    University of Exeter

    ", + "

    F

    ", + "

    Falmouth University

    ", + "

    G

    ", + "

    University of Glasgow

    ", + "

    Glasgow Caledonian University

    ", + "

    University of Gloucestershire

    ", + "

    Glynd\u0175r University (Prifysgol Glynd\u0175r)

    ", + "

    Goldsmiths, University of London

    ", + "

    University of Greenwich

    ", + "

    Guildhall School of Music and Drama

    ", + "

    H

    ", + "

    Harper Adams University

    ", + "

    Hartpury University

    ", + "

    Heriot-Watt University

    ", + "

    University of Hertfordshire

    ", + "

    Heythrop College (degrees awarded by University of London)

    ", + "

    University of the Highlands and Islands

    ", + "

    University of Huddersfield

    ", + "

    University of Hull

    ", + "

    I

    ", + "

    Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine (also known as Imperial College London)

    ", + "

    Institute of Cancer Research, The (degrees awarded by University of London)

    ", + "

    K

    ", + "

    Keele University

    ", + "

    University of Kent

    ", + "

    King\u2019s College London

    ", + "

    Kingston University

    ", + "

    L

    ", + "

    University of Central Lancashire

    ", + "

    Lancaster University

    ", + "

    University of Leeds

    ", + "

    Leeds Beckett University (formerly Leeds Metropolitan University)

    ", + "

    Leeds Arts University

    ", + "

    Leeds Trinity University

    ", + "

    University of Leicester

    ", + "

    University of Lincoln

    ", + "

    University of Liverpool

    ", + "

    Liverpool Hope University

    ", + "

    Liverpool John Moores University

    ", + "

    Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine

    ", + "

    University of London

    ", + "

    London Business School

    ", + "

    London Institute of Banking and Finance, The

    ", + "

    London Metropolitan University

    ", + "

    London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

    ", + "

    London School of Economics and Political Science, The (LSE)

    ", + "

    London South Bank University

    ", + "

    University College London

    ", + "

    Loughborough University

    ", + "

    M

    ", + "

    University of Manchester

    ", + "

    Manchester Metropolitan University

    ", + "

    Middlesex University

    ", + "

    N

    ", + "

    NCG

    ", + "

    NCH at Northeastern

    ", + "

    Newcastle University

    ", + "

    Newman University, Birmingham

    ", + "

    Norland College

    ", + "

    University of Northampton, The

    ", + "

    Northumbria University Newcastle

    ", + "

    Norwich University of the Arts

    ", + "

    University of Nottingham

    ", + "

    Nottingham Trent University

    ", + "

    O

    ", + "

    Open University, The

    ", + "

    University of Oxford

    ", + "

    Oxford Brookes University

    ", + "

    P

    ", + "

    Plymouth College of Art

    ", + "

    Plymouth University

    ", + "

    University of Portsmouth

    ", + "

    Presbyterian Theological Faculty, Ireland (PTFI)

    ", + "

    Q

    ", + "

    Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh

    ", + "

    Queen Mary, University of London

    ", + "

    Queen\u2019s University Belfast

    ", + "

    R

    ", + "

    Ravensbourne

    ", + "

    University of Reading

    ", + "

    Regent\u2019s University London

    ", + "

    Richmond, The American International University in London

    ", + "

    Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen

    ", + "

    University of Roehampton

    ", + "

    Rose Bruford College of Theatre and Performance

    ", + "

    Royal Academy of Music

    ", + "

    Royal Agricultural University

    ", + "

    Royal Central School of Speech and Drama (University of London)

    ", + "

    Royal College of Art

    ", + "

    Royal College of Music

    ", + "

    Royal College of Nursing

    ", + "

    Royal Conservatoire of Scotland

    ", + "

    Royal Holloway, University of London

    ", + "

    Royal Northern College of Music

    ", + "

    Royal Veterinary College, The

    ", + "

    S

    ", + "

    University of Salford

    ", + "

    School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London

    ", + "

    University of Sheffield

    ", + "

    Sheffield Hallam University

    ", + "

    University of South Wales (Prifysgol De Cymru)

    ", + "

    University of Southampton

    ", + "

    Solent University

    ", + "

    University of St Andrews

    ", + "

    St George\u2019s, University of London

    ", + "

    University of St Mark and St John, Plymouth

    ", + "

    St Mary\u2019s University, Twickenham

    ", + "

    Staffordshire University

    ", + "

    University of Stirling

    ", + "

    University of Strathclyde

    ", + "

    University of Suffolk

    ", + "

    University of Sunderland

    ", + "

    University of Surrey

    ", + "

    University of Sussex

    ", + "

    Swansea University (Prifysgol Abertawe)

    ", + "

    T

    ", + "

    Teesside University

    ", + "

    Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance

    ", + "

    U

    ", + "

    University of the Arts, London

    ", + "

    University College of Estate Management

    ", + "

    University College of Osteopathy

    ", + "

    University of Law, The

    ", + "

    Ulster University

    ", + "

    W

    ", + "

    University of Wales (Prifysgol Cymru)

    ", + "

    University of Wales Trinity Saint David (Prifysgol Cymru Y Drindod Dewi Sant

    ", + "

    University of Warwick

    ", + "

    University of the West of England, Bristol

    ", + "

    University of West London

    ", + "

    University of the West of Scotland

    ", + "

    University of Westminster

    ", + "

    University of Winchester, The

    ", + "

    University of Wolverhampton

    ", + "

    University of Worcester

    ", + "

    Writtle University College

    ", + "

    Y

    ", + "

    University of York

    ", + "

    York St John University

    ", + "

    Foundation degrees

    ", + "

    Recognised bodies that can only award foundation degrees:

    ", + "

    Blackpool and the Fylde College

    ", + "

    Cornwall College Group

    ", + "

    Grimsby Institute of Higher Education

    ", + "

    Hull College

    ", + "

    Leeds City College

    ", + "

    New College Durham

    ", + "

    Newcastle College

    ", + "

    Warwickshire College

    ", + "

    Recognised awards

    ", + "

    Certain bodies or institutions can award their own unique degrees. These are known as \u2018recognised awards\u2019.

    ", + "Recognised award | Institution or body", + "Mastership in Clinical Biochemistry | Awarded jointly by: Royal College of Physicians Royal Society of Chemistry Royal College of Pathologists Association for Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine", + "Degree of Barrister-at-Law | Benchers of the Honourable Society of the Inn of Court of Northern Ireland", + "Degree of the Utter Bar | Inns of Court", + "Master of Horticulture | Royal Horticultural Society", + "Mastership in Chemical Analysis | Royal Society of Chemistry", + "Mastership in Food Control | Awarded jointly by:Royal Society of Chemistry Society of Biology Institute of Food Science and Technology" + ] + }, + { + "title": "Telling an employer, university or college about your criminal record", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-employer-or-college-about-criminal-record", + "contents": [ + "

    When you need to tell an employer, university or college

    ", + "

    When you apply for a role or placement, you might need to tell your potential employer, university or college about a:

    ", + "
  • conviction you got at court
    • ", + "
  • caution you got from the police
    • ", + "

    You only need tell the employer, university or college about a conviction or caution:

    ", + "
  • if they ask you to, for example in an interview or on an application form
    • ", + "
  • for a specific amount of time after you got it, or always for certain roles
    • ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What information you need to give

    ", + "

    The information you need to give a potential employer, university or college about a conviction or caution depends on:

    ", + "
  • if the conviction or caution is on your basic criminal record
    • ", + "
  • the role you\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "

    What\u2019s on your basic criminal record and what\u2019s not

    ", + "

    After you get a conviction or caution, it\u2019s usually \u2018unspent\u2019 for a specific amount of time. The amount of time depends on the type of punishment or sentence you got.

    ", + "

    An unspent conviction or caution means:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s on your basic criminal record
    • ", + "
  • it will show up on any DBS check (criminal record check)
    • ", + "

    Most convictions or cautions then become \u2018spent\u2019 after a specific amount of time. This might be after a few months or years, or straight away.

    ", + "

    A spent conviction or caution means:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s not on your basic criminal record anymore
    • ", + "
  • it will only show up on a more detailed DBS check known as \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018enhanced\u2019, unless it\u2019s removed (\u2018filtered\u2019) from the DBS certificate
    • ", + "

    You can check when a conviction or caution you got will become spent.

    ", + "

    You can also read about different convictions or cautions, for example a court fine or a prison sentence.

    ", + "

    If you have an unspent conviction or caution

    ", + "

    You only need to tell a potential employer, university or college about an unspent conviction or caution if they ask you to.

    ", + "

    If they ask you and you do not tell them about it, they might find out by using a DBS check. They could then reject your application or withdraw a job offer, or you might be charged with a crime.

    ", + "

    If you have a spent conviction or caution

    ", + "

    You only need to tell a potential employer, university or college about a spent conviction or caution if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they ask you to
    • ", + "
  • they tell you that the role needs a standard or enhanced DBS check
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s not removed (\u2018filtered\u2019) from DBS certificates
    • ", + "

    You can check if the employer, university or college is allowed to request the standard or enhanced DBS check. They can only do this for certain roles, for example if you\u2019re working with children or in healthcare.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s against the law for an employer, university or college to refuse you a role because you\u2019ve got a spent conviction or caution, unless it makes you unsuitable for the role. For example, a driving conviction might make you unsuitable for a job as a driving instructor.

    ", + "

    Check if you need to tell someone about your conviction or caution

    ", + "

    Use this tool to check whether:

    ", + "
  • a conviction or caution you got in England or Wales is \u2018spent\u2019 (not on your basic criminal record)
    • ", + "
  • you need to tell a potential employer, university or college about it
    • ", + "

    You can also read more about what a spent conviction or caution is.

    ", + "

    Check your conviction or caution

    ", + "

    Check now

    ", + "

    Before you check

    ", + "

    For each conviction or caution you\u2019ve had, you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • the type of conviction or caution you got
    • ", + "
  • the date you got it
    • ", + "
  • the date any conditions ended, or how long your sentence was
    • ", + "

    If you give approximate dates, the result you get will be approximate.

    ", + "

    You will not need to give personal details such as your name. The information you give will not be saved and cannot identify you.

    ", + "

    Cautions

    ", + "

    A caution is an official warning from the police.

    ", + "

    It could be a:

    ", + "
  • simple caution if you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • youth caution if you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "
  • conditional caution
    • ", + "

    Whether a caution is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.

    ", + "

    When simple and youth cautions become spent

    ", + "

    They become spent straight away.

    ", + "

    When a conditional caution becomes spent

    ", + "

    It becomes spent either:

    ", + "
  • on the date the conditions end
    • ", + "
  • 3 months after you got it, if the conditions have no end date
    • ", + "

    Fines and compensation

    ", + "

    A court might order you to pay:

    ", + "
  • a fine
    • ", + "
  • compensation to someone (\u2018compensation order\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Whether a fine or compensation order is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.

    ", + "

    When a fine becomes spent

    ", + "

    A fine becomes spent:

    ", + "
  • one year after you got it, if you were 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • 6 months after you got it, if you were under 18
    • ", + "

    There are different rules if a court gives you a fine for a driving offence.

    ", + "

    When a compensation order becomes spent

    ", + "

    A compensation order becomes spent after you\u2019ve paid someone in full and sent proof of payment to DBS.

    ", + "

    Driving convictions

    ", + "

    A court might give you a conviction for a driving offence, for example speeding or drink driving.

    ", + "

    The conviction could be:

    ", + "
  • a fine
    • ", + "
  • a driving ban (\u2018disqualification\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • community service or a prison sentence
    • ", + "

    Fixed penalty notices (FPN) and penalty charge notices (PCN) are fines for minor driving offences. They will not appear on your criminal record unless a court gives you a conviction because of one.

    ", + "

    Whether a driving conviction is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.

    ", + "

    \u2018Endorsements\u2019 (penalty points)

    ", + "

    A court will give a driving ban or fine with penalty points that appear on your driving record. This is known as an \u2018endorsement\u2019.

    ", + "

    An endorsement can stay on your driving record for longer than your criminal record.

    ", + "

    This means a potential employer, university or college might find out about a driving ban or fine after it\u2019s spent, if they request to check your driving record.

    ", + "

    When a fine with an endorsement becomes spent

    ", + "

    The fine becomes spent either:

    ", + "
  • 5 years after you got it, if you were 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • 2 years and 6 months after you got it, if you were under 18
    • ", + "

    When a driving ban with an endorsement becomes spent

    ", + "

    When a driving ban becomes spent depends on how:

    ", + "
  • long the ban lasts
    • ", + "
  • old you were when you got it
    • ", + "

    If you were 18 or over

    ", + "

    If the ban lasts less than 5 years, it becomes spent 5 years after you got it.

    ", + "

    If the ban lasts more than 5 years, it becomes spent on the date it ends.

    ", + "

    If you were under 18

    ", + "

    If the ban lasts less than 2 years and 6 months, it becomes spent 2 years and 6 months after you got it.

    ", + "

    If the ban lasts more than 2 years and 6 months, it becomes spent on the date it ends.

    ", + "

    Prison sentences

    ", + "

    A court might:

    ", + "
  • give you a prison sentence if you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • give you a detention order (\u2018detention and training order\u2019) if you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "
  • order you to stay in hospital instead of prison (\u2018hospital order\u2019) if there are concerns about your mental health
    • ", + "

    A court can decide to delay a prison sentence for up to 2 years as long as you meet certain conditions. This is known as \u2018suspended\u2019.

    ", + "

    Whether a sentence is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.

    ", + "

    When a prison sentence becomes spent

    ", + "

    The length of the prison sentence affects when it becomes spent.

    ", + "Length of your sentence | When it becomes spent", + "Less than 6 months | 2 years after the sentence ends", + "6 months to 2 years and 6 months | 4 years after the sentence ends", + "2 years and 6 months to 4 years | 7 years after the sentence ends", + "Longer than 4 years | It never becomes spent", + "

    If your prison sentence was \u2018suspended\u2019 or you were released early

    ", + "

    The full length of the prison sentence affects when it becomes spent - not the amount of the time it was suspended for or how long you were in prison.

    ", + "

    When a detention order becomes spent

    ", + "

    The length of the sentence affects when it becomes spent.

    ", + "Length of your sentence | When it becomes spent", + "Less than 6 months | 1 year and 6 months after the sentence ends", + "6 months to 2 years and 6 months | 2 years after the sentence ends", + "2 years and 6 months to 4 years | 3 years and 6 months after the sentence ends", + "Longer than 4 years | It never becomes spent", + "

    When a hospital order becomes spent

    ", + "

    A hospital order becomes spent either:

    ", + "
  • on the date it ends
    • ", + "
  • 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date.
    • ", + "

    Community service

    ", + "

    A court might give you:

    ", + "
  • community service (\u2018community order\u2019) if you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • a youth order (\u2018youth rehabilitation order\u2019) or a referral order if you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "

    For example unpaid work, a curfew or alcohol treatment.

    ", + "

    Whether a community, youth or referral order is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.

    ", + "

    When community service becomes spent

    ", + "

    Community service becomes spent either:

    ", + "
  • one year after its end date
    • ", + "
  • 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date
    • ", + "

    When a youth order becomes spent

    ", + "

    A youth order becomes spent either:

    ", + "
  • 6 months after its end date
    • ", + "
  • 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date
    • ", + "

    When a referral order becomes spent

    ", + "

    A referral order becomes spent on its end date.

    ", + "

    Discharges

    ", + "

    A discharge is a type of conviction where a court finds you guilty but does not give you a sentence because the offence is very minor.

    ", + "

    The conviction could be:

    ", + "
  • an absolute discharge
    • ", + "
  • a conditional discharge, where you could still get a sentence if you break the conditions
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018bind over\u2019, where you could get a fine if you break the conditions
    • ", + "

    Whether a discharge or bind over is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.

    ", + "

    When an absolute discharge becomes spent

    ", + "

    It becomes spent straight away.

    ", + "

    When conditional discharges and bind overs become spent

    ", + "

    They become spent either:

    ", + "
  • on the date they end
    • ", + "
  • 2 years after you got one, if there\u2019s no end date
    • ", + "

    Military convictions

    ", + "

    A court might give you a military conviction if they find you guilty of a crime while you served in the British armed forces.

    ", + "

    The conviction might be:

    ", + "
  • a dismissal
    • ", + "
  • a service detention
    • ", + "
  • an overseas community order
    • ", + "
  • a service community order
    • ", + "

    Whether a military conviction is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.

    ", + "

    When military convictions become spent

    ", + "

    How long it takes for a conviction to become spent depends on how old you were when you were convicted. If you were:

    ", + "
  • 18 or over it takes 12 months
    • ", + "
  • under 18 it takes 6 months
    • ", + "

    The length of time is calculated from:

    ", + "
  • the date of your conviction for dismissals
    • ", + "
  • the day on which the sentence is complete for service detentions
    • ", + "
  • the end date for overseas and community service orders - if the order has no end date, it becomes spent after 2 years
    • ", + "

    If you were given both a dismissal and a service detention then the longer of the two spent dates applies.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Contract types and employer responsibilities", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contract-types-and-employer-responsibilities", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As an employer, the tax and employment responsibilities you have for your staff will depend on the type of contract you give them and their employment status.

    ", + "

    Contract types include:

    ", + "
  • full-time and part-time contracts
    • ", + "
  • fixed-term contracts
    • ", + "
  • agency staff
    • ", + "
  • freelancers, consultants, contractors
    • ", + "
  • zero-hours contracts
    • ", + "

    There are also special rules for employing family members, young people and volunteers.

    ", + "

    Full-time and part-time contracts

    ", + "

    As an employer you must give employees:

    ", + "
  • a written statement of employment or contract
    • ", + "
  • the statutory minimum level of paid holiday
    • ", + "
  • a payslip showing all deductions, such as National Insurance contributions (NICs)
    • ", + "
  • the statutory minimum length of rest breaks
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)
    • ", + "
  • maternity, paternity and adoption pay and leave
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • make sure employees do not work longer than the maximum allowed
    • ", + "
  • pay employees at least the minimum wage
    • ", + "
  • have employer\u2019s liability insurance
    • ", + "
  • provide a safe and secure working environment
    • ", + "
  • register with HM Revenue and Customs to deal with payroll, tax and NICs
    • ", + "
  • consider flexible working requests
    • ", + "
  • avoid discrimination in the workplace
    • ", + "
  • make reasonable adjustments to your business premises if your employee is disabled
    • ", + "

    Fixed-term contracts

    ", + "

    Fixed-term contracts:

    ", + "
  • last for a certain length of time
    • ", + "
  • are set in advance
    • ", + "
  • end when a specific task is completed
    • ", + "
  • end when a specific event takes place
    • ", + "

    Fixed-term employees must receive the same treatment as full-time permanent staff.

    ", + "

    Find out more about fixed-term employees\u2019 rights, and what to do about renewing or ending a fixed-term contract.

    ", + "

    Agency staff

    ", + "

    As an employer, you can hire temporary staff through agencies. This means:

    ", + "
  • you pay the agency, including the employee\u2019s National Insurance contributions (NICs) and Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s the agency\u2019s responsibility to make sure workers get their rights under working time regulations
    • ", + "
  • after 12 weeks\u2019 continuous employment in the same role, agency workers get the same terms and conditions as permanent employees, including pay, working time, rest periods, night work, breaks and annual leave
    • ", + "
  • you must provide the agency with information about the relevant terms and conditions in your business so that they can ensure the worker gets equal treatment after 12 weeks in the same job
    • ", + "
  • you must allow agency workers to use any shared facilities (for example a staff canteen or childcare) and give them information about job vacancies from the first day they work there
    • ", + "
  • you are still responsible for their health and safety
    • ", + "

    Freelancers, consultants and contractors

    ", + "

    If you hire a freelancer, consultant or contractor it means that:

    ", + "
  • they are self-employed or are part of other companies
    • ", + "
  • they often look after their own tax and National Insurance contributions (NICs)
    • ", + "
  • they might not be entitled to the same rights as workers, such as minimum wage
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still responsible for their health and safety
    • ", + "

    Zero-hours contracts

    ", + "

    Zero-hours contracts are also known as casual contracts. Zero-hours contracts are usually for \u2018piece work\u2019 or \u2018on call\u2019 work, for example for interpreters.

    ", + "

    This means:

    ", + "
  • they are on call to work when you need them
    • ", + "
  • you do not have to give them work
    • ", + "
  • they do not have to do work when asked
    • ", + "

    Zero-hours workers are entitled to statutory annual leave and the National Minimum Wage in the same way as regular workers.

    ", + "

    You cannot do anything to stop a zero-hours worker from getting work elsewhere. The law says they can ignore a clause in their contract if it bans them from:

    ", + "
  • looking for work
    • ", + "
  • accepting work from another employer
    • ", + "

    You are still responsible for health and safety of staff on zero-hours contracts.

    ", + "

    Employing family, young people and volunteers

    ", + "

    Family

    ", + "

    If you hire family members you must:

    ", + "
  • avoid special treatment in terms of pay, promotion and working conditions
    • ", + "
  • make sure tax and National Insurance contributions are still paid
    • ", + "
  • follow working time regulations for younger family members
    • ", + "
  • have employer\u2019s liability insurance that covers any young family members
    • ", + "
  • check if you need to provide them with a workplace pension scheme
    • ", + "

    Volunteers and voluntary staff

    ", + "

    When taking on volunteers or voluntary staff you:

    ", + "
  • are responsible for their health and safety
    • ", + "
  • must give inductions and training in the tasks they\u2019re going to do
    • ", + "

    Young people

    ", + "

    You can employ young people if they are 13 or over but there are special rules about how long they can work and what jobs they can do. Once someone is 18 they\u2019re classed as an \u2018adult worker\u2019 and different rules apply.

    ", + "

    As well as following these rules you must do a risk assessment before taking on young workers.

    ", + "

    Young people may also have certain employment rights like:

    ", + "
  • statutory maternity pay and ordinary statutory paternity pay if they qualify as a result of their continuous employment
    • ", + "
  • paid time off for study and training
    • ", + "
  • redundancy pay
    • ", + "

    Young workers and apprentices have different rates from adult workers for the National Minimum Wage.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Employers: preventing discrimination", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-preventing-discrimination", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    It is against the law to treat someone less favourably than someone else because of a personal characteristic such as religion, sex, gender reassignment or age.

    ", + "

    Discrimination can include:

    ", + "
  • not hiring someone
    • ", + "
  • selecting a particular person for redundancy
    • ", + "
  • paying someone less than another worker without good reason
    • ", + "

    You can discriminate against someone even if you do not intend to. For example, you can discriminate indirectly by offering working conditions or rules that disadvantage one group of people more than another.

    ", + "

    Discrimination during recruitment

    ", + "

    Discrimination in job adverts

    ", + "

    You must not state or imply in a job advert that you\u2019ll discriminate against anyone. This includes saying that you are not able to cater for workers with a disability.

    ", + "

    Only use phrases like \u2018recent graduate\u2019 or \u2018highly experienced\u2019 when these are actual requirements of the job. Otherwise you could discriminate against younger or older people who might not have had the opportunity to get qualifications.

    ", + "

    Where you advertise might cause indirect discrimination - for example, advertising only in men\u2019s magazines.

    ", + "

    Get help advertising a job without discriminating

    ", + "

    Questions you cannot ask when recruiting

    ", + "

    You must not ask candidates about \u2018protected characteristics\u2019 or whether they:

    ", + "
  • are married, single or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • have children or plan to have children
    • ", + "

    Asking about health or disability

    ", + "

    You can only ask about health or disability if:

    ", + "
  • there are necessary requirements of the job that cannot be met with reasonable adjustments
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re finding out if someone needs help to take part in a selection test or interview
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re using \u2018positive action\u2019 to recruit a disabled person
    • ", + "

    You might be breaking the law if any discrimination happens during their recruitment process, even if you use a recruitment agency.

    ", + "

    Asking for a date of birth

    ", + "

    You can only ask for someone\u2019s date of birth on an application form if they must be a certain age to do the job, for example selling alcohol.

    ", + "

    You can ask someone their date of birth on a separate equality monitoring form. You should not let the person selecting or interviewing candidates see this form.

    ", + "

    Spent criminal convictions

    ", + "

    Applicants do not have to tell you about criminal convictions that are spent. You must treat the applicant as if the conviction has not happened, and cannot refuse to employ the person because of their conviction.

    ", + "

    There are some areas of employment that are exempt from this rule, for example schools.

    ", + "

    Trade union membership

    ", + "

    You must not use membership of a trade union as a factor in deciding whether to employ someone. This includes:

    ", + "
  • not employing someone because they\u2019re a member of a trade union
    • ", + "
  • insisting someone joins a trade union before you\u2019ll employ them
    • ", + "

    Employing people with protected characteristics

    ", + "

    You can choose a candidate who has a protected characteristic over one who does not if they\u2019re both suitable for the job and you think that people with that characteristic:

    ", + "
  • are underrepresented in the workforce, profession or industry
    • ", + "
  • suffer a disadvantage connected to that characteristic (for example people from a certain ethnic group are not often given jobs in your sector)
    • ", + "

    You can only do this if you\u2019re trying to address the under-representation or disadvantage for that particular characteristic. You must make decisions on a case by case basis and not because of a certain policy.

    ", + "

    You cannot choose a candidate who is not as suitable for the job just because they have a protected characteristic.

    ", + "

    Favouring disabled candidates

    ", + "

    When a disabled person and a non-disabled person both meet the job requirements, you can treat the disabled person more favourably.

    ", + "

    Discrimination during employment

    ", + "

    You must not discriminate against your employees. This could be done by, for example:

    ", + "
  • introducing measures that discriminate between workers, for example a benefit for married \nemployees that\u2019s not available for people in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • paying men and women different amounts (this includes benefits, for example company cars) when they\u2019re doing work of equal value
    • ", + "
  • selecting someone for redundancy because they have a protected characteristic
    • ", + "
  • failing to make reasonable adjustments for a disabled worker
    • ", + "
  • firing someone for making an allegation of discrimination
    • ", + "
  • firing someone because they\u2019re a union member
    • ", + "
  • unfairly rejecting a request for flexible working from a new parent
    • ", + "

    This includes self-employed people on a contract for you.

    ", + "

    Training and promotion cannot just happen because of an employee\u2019s age or the time they\u2019ve worked for you.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re allowed to ask employees about their future career plans, including retirement. But you cannot just choose older workers for discussions about retirement. Such talks should be part of general discussions about each worker\u2019s career development.

    ", + "

    Employment tribunals

    ", + "

    An employee who thinks they\u2019ve been discriminated against may raise a grievance or take their case to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for discrimination carried out by your employees unless you can show you\u2019ve done everything you reasonably could to prevent or stop it.

    ", + "

    Employing family members

    ", + "

    If you hire members of your family you must:

    ", + "
  • avoid special treatment in terms of pay, promotion and working conditions
    • ", + "
  • make sure tax and National Insurance contributions are done correctly
    • ", + "

    Gender reassignment

    ", + "

    The moment a worker tells their employer that they\u2019re having gender reassignment, they\u2019re protected from discrimination. Discrimination includes:

    ", + "
  • disadvantaging the worker because of the time they have to take off because of medical treatment
    • ", + "
  • not enabling the worker to use facilities appropriate to their gender
    • ", + "

    To avoid discrimination, you must:

    ", + "
  • change your records (for example human resources records) when the worker has a Gender Reassignment Certificate and a new birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • ensure complete confidentiality of all information the worker gives you about their gender history
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Employment contracts", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-contracts-and-conditions", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    All employees have an employment contract with their employer. A contract is an agreement that sets out an employee\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • employment conditions
    • ", + "
  • rights
    • ", + "
  • responsibilities
    • ", + "
  • duties
    • ", + "

    These are called the \u2018terms\u2019 of the contract.

    ", + "

    Employees and employers must stick to a contract until it ends (for example, by an employer or employee giving notice or an employee being dismissed) or until the terms are changed (usually by agreement between the employee and employer).

    ", + "

    If a person has an agreement to do some work for someone (like paint their house), this isn\u2019t an employment contract but a \u2018contract to provide services\u2019.

    ", + "

    Accepting a contract

    ", + "

    As soon as someone accepts a job offer they have a contract with their employer. An employment contract does not have to be written down.

    ", + "

    Contract terms

    ", + "

    The legal parts of a contract are known as \u2018terms\u2019. An employer should make clear which parts of a contract are legally binding.

    ", + "

    Contract terms could be:

    ", + "
  • in a written contract, or similar document like a written statement of employment
    • ", + "
  • verbally agreed
    • ", + "
  • in an employee handbook or on a company notice board
    • ", + "
  • in an offer letter from the employer
    • ", + "
  • required by law (for example, an employer must pay employees at least the National Minimum Wage)
    • ", + "
  • in collective agreements - negotiated agreements between employers and trade unions or staff associations
    • ", + "
  • implied terms - automatically part of a contract even if they\u2019re not written down
    • ", + "

    Implied terms

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s nothing clearly agreed between you and your employer about a particular issue, it may be covered by an implied term - for example:

    ", + "
  • employees not stealing from their employer
    • ", + "
  • your employer providing a safe and secure working environment
    • ", + "
  • a legal requirement like the right to a minimum of 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holidays
    • ", + "
  • something necessary to do the job like a driver having a valid licence
    • ", + "
  • something that\u2019s been done regularly in a company over a long time like paying a Christmas bonus
    • ", + "

    Collective agreements

    ", + "

    An employer may have an agreement with employees\u2019 representatives (from trade unions or staff associations) that allows negotiations of terms and conditions like pay or working hours. This is called a collective agreement.

    ", + "

    The terms of the agreement could include:

    ", + "
  • how negotiations will be organised
    • ", + "
  • who will represent employees
    • ", + "
  • which employees are covered by the agreement
    • ", + "
  • which terms and conditions the agreement will cover
    • ", + "

    Written statement of employment particulars

    ", + "

    An employer must give employees and workers a document stating the main conditions of employment when they start work. This is known as a \u2018written statement of employment particulars\u2019. It is not an employment contract.

    ", + "

    The written statement is made up of:

    ", + "
  • the main document (known as a \u2018principal statement\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a wider written statement
    • ", + "

    The employer must provide the principal statement on the first day of employment and the wider written statement within 2 months of the start of employment.

    ", + "

    Employers must tell employees or workers about any changes to the written statement. They must do this within one month of making the change.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for agencies on documents that they need to provide to agency workers.

    ", + "

    The principal statement

    ", + "

    The principal statement must include at least:

    ", + "
  • the employer\u2019s name
    • ", + "
  • the employee\u2019s or worker\u2019s name, job title or a description of work and start date
    • ", + "
  • how much and how often an employee or worker will get paid
    • ", + "
  • hours and days of work and if and how they may vary (also if employees or workers will have to work Sundays, nights or overtime)
    • ", + "
  • holiday entitlement (and if that includes public holidays)
    • ", + "
  • where an employee or worker will be working and whether they might have to relocate
    • ", + "
  • if an employee or worker works in different places, where these will be and what the employer\u2019s address is
    • ", + "
  • how long a job is expected to last (and what the end date is if it\u2019s a fixed-term contract)
    • ", + "
  • how long any probation period is and what its conditions are
    • ", + "
  • any other benefits (for example, childcare vouchers and lunch)
    • ", + "
  • obligatory training, whether or not this is paid for by the employer
    • ", + "

    For employees, it must also include the date that a previous job started if it counts towards a period of continuous employment.

    ", + "

    Working abroad

    ", + "

    If an employee or worker has to work outside the UK for more than a month, the principal statement must also include:

    ", + "
  • how long they\u2019ll be abroad
    • ", + "
  • what currency they\u2019ll be paid in
    • ", + "
  • what additional pay or benefits they\u2019ll get
    • ", + "
  • terms relating to their return to the UK
    • ", + "

    Other information the employer must give on day one

    ", + "

    On the first day of employment the employer must also provide the employee or worker with information about:

    ", + "
  • sick pay and procedures
    • ", + "
  • other paid leave (for example, maternity leave and paternity leave)
    • ", + "
  • notice periods
    • ", + "

    The employer can choose whether to include this information in the principal statement or provide it in a separate document. If they provide it in a separate document, this must be something that the employee or worker has reasonable access to, such as on the employer\u2019s intranet.

    ", + "

    The wider written statement

    ", + "

    Employers must give employees and workers a wider written statement within 2 months of the start of employment. This must include information about:

    ", + "
  • pensions and pension schemes
    • ", + "
  • collective agreements
    • ", + "
  • any other right to non-compulsory training provided by the employer
    • ", + "
  • disciplinary and grievance procedures
    • ", + "

    Problems with a written statement

    ", + "

    If an employee or worker has a problem receiving their written statement, they can:

    ", + "
  • Try to solve the problem with their employer informally.
    • ", + "
  • If this does not work, take out a grievance against their employer (employers can also get advice about handling grievances).
    • ", + "
  • Take a case to an employment tribunal as a last resort.
    • ", + "

    The tribunal will decide what the employment particulars in the statement should have been.

    ", + "

    Compensation

    ", + "

    If an employee or worker wins a case about another issue (for example, unauthorised deductions from their wage slip), the tribunal may award compensation if there\u2019s been a problem with their written statement as well.

    ", + "

    Compensation can be up to 4 weeks\u2019 pay although there\u2019s a limit on how much a tribunal will award for a week\u2019s pay.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Employment status", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-status", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    In employment law a person\u2019s employment status helps determine:

    ", + "
  • their rights
    • ", + "
  • their employer\u2019s responsibilities
    • ", + "

    A person may have a different employment status in tax law.

    ", + "

    The main types of employment status are:

    ", + "
  • worker
    • ", + "
  • employee
    • ", + "
  • self-employed and contractor
    • ", + "
  • director
    • ", + "
  • office holder
    • ", + "

    Contact Acas (or the Labour Relations Agency in Northern Ireland) for advice about employment status, employee rights or employer responsibilities.

    ", + "

    Courts and tribunals can make final decisions on employment status.

    ", + "

    Worker

    ", + "

    A person is generally classed as a \u2018worker\u2019 if:

    ", + "
  • they have a contract or other arrangement to do work or services personally for a reward (your contract doesn\u2019t have to be written)
    • ", + "
  • their reward is for money or a benefit in kind, for example the promise of a contract or future work
    • ", + "
  • they only have a limited right to send someone else to do the work (subcontract)
    • ", + "
  • they have to turn up for work even if they don\u2019t want to
    • ", + "
  • their employer has to have work for them to do as long as the contract or arrangement lasts
    • ", + "
  • they aren\u2019t doing the work as part of their own limited company in an arrangement where the \u2018employer\u2019 is actually a customer or client
    • ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    Workers are entitled to certain employment rights, including:

    ", + "
  • getting the National Minimum Wage
    • ", + "
  • protection against unlawful deductions from wages
    • ", + "
  • the\u00a0statutory minimum level of paid holiday
    • ", + "
  • the statutory minimum length of rest breaks
    • ", + "
  • to not work more than 48 hours on average per week or to opt out of this right if they choose
    • ", + "
  • protection against unlawful discrimination
    • ", + "
  • protection for \u2018whistleblowing\u2019 - reporting wrongdoing in the workplace
    • ", + "
  • to not be treated less favourably if they work part-time
    • ", + "

    They may also be entitled to:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Paternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Pay
    • ", + "
  • Shared Parental Pay
    • ", + "

    Agency workers have specific rights from the first day at work.

    ", + "

    Workers usually aren\u2019t entitled to:

    ", + "
  • minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them
    • ", + "
  • protection against unfair dismissal
    • ", + "
  • the right to request flexible working
    • ", + "
  • time off for emergencies
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Redundancy Pay
    • ", + "

    Casual or irregular work

    ", + "

    Someone is likely to be a worker if most of these apply:

    ", + "
  • they occasionally do work for a specific business
    • ", + "
  • the business doesn\u2019t have to offer them work and they don\u2019t have to accept it - they only work when they want to
    • ", + "
  • their contract with the business uses terms like \u2018casual\u2019, \u2018freelance\u2019, \u2018zero hours\u2019, \u2018as required\u2019 or something similar
    • ", + "
  • they had to agree with the business\u2019s terms and conditions to get work - either verbally or in writing
    • ", + "
  • they are under the supervision or control of a manager or director
    • ", + "
  • they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work
    • ", + "
  • the business deducts tax and National Insurance contributions from their wages
    • ", + "
  • the business provides materials, tools or equipment they need to do the work
    • ", + "

    Employee

    ", + "

    An employee is someone who works under an employment contract.

    ", + "

    A person may be an employee in employment law but have a different status for tax purposes. Employers must work out each worker\u2019s status in both employment law and tax law.

    ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    All employees are workers, but an employee has extra employment rights and responsibilities that don\u2019t apply to workers who aren\u2019t employees.

    ", + "

    These rights include all of the rights workers have and:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • statutory maternity, paternity, adoption and shared parental leave and pay (workers only get pay, not leave)
    • ", + "
  • minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them
    • ", + "
  • protection against unfair dismissal
    • ", + "
  • the right to request flexible working
    • ", + "
  • time off for emergencies
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Redundancy Pay
    • ", + "

    Some of these rights require a minimum length of continuous employment before an employee qualifies for them. An employment contract may state how long this qualification period is.

    ", + "

    Working out employment status for an employee

    ", + "

    Someone who works for a business is probably an employee if most of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re required to work regularly unless they\u2019re on leave, for example holiday, sick leave or maternity leave
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re required to do a minimum number of hours and expect to be paid for time worked
    • ", + "
  • a manager or supervisor is responsible for their workload, saying when a piece of work should be finished and how it should be done
    • ", + "
  • they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work
    • ", + "
  • they get paid holiday
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re entitled to contractual or Statutory Sick Pay, and maternity or paternity pay
    • ", + "
  • they can join the business\u2019s pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • the business\u2019s disciplinary and grievance procedures apply to them
    • ", + "
  • they work at the business\u2019s premises or at an address specified by the business
    • ", + "
  • their contract sets out redundancy procedures
    • ", + "
  • the business provides the materials, tools and equipment for their work
    • ", + "
  • they only work for the business or if they do have another job, it\u2019s completely different from their work for the business
    • ", + "
  • their contract, statement of terms and conditions or offer letter (which can be described as an \u2018employment contract\u2019) uses terms like \u2018employer\u2019 and \u2018employee\u2019
    • ", + "

    If most of these don\u2019t apply, you should work out if the person is self-employed.

    ", + "

    Individuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.

    ", + "

    Employee shareholders

    ", + "

    An employee shareholder is someone who works under an employment contract and owns at least \u00a32,000 worth of shares in the employer\u2019s company or parent company.

    ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    Employee shareholders have most of the same employment rights as workers and employees.

    ", + "

    They also have the right to collective redundancy consultation and transfer of undertakings (TUPE) - this protects the employee\u2019s terms and conditions when the business is transferred to a new owner.

    ", + "

    Employee shareholders don\u2019t have these rights:

    ", + "
  • protection against unfair dismissal - apart from dismissal on grounds of discrimination and in relation to health and safety
    • ", + "
  • statutory redundancy pay
    • ", + "
  • the right to request flexible working - except in the 2 weeks after returning from parental leave
    • ", + "
  • certain statutory rights to request time off for training
    • ", + "

    Employee shareholders must give 16 weeks notice if they want to come back early from maternity leave, additional paternity leave and adoption leave.

    ", + "

    Employers can choose more generous employment rights than the statutory ones.

    ", + "

    Tax relief and obligations

    ", + "

    Employee shareholders can get tax relief on the first \u00a32,000 of shares they get before 1 December 2016.

    ", + "

    Employee shareholders must pay tax on buying and selling shares.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has further guidance on tax relief for employee shareholders.

    ", + "

    Applying for employment shareholder jobs

    ", + "

    Anyone can apply for an employee shareholder job.

    ", + "

    People claiming Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance don\u2019t have to apply for an employee shareholder job that Jobcentre Plus have told them about.

    ", + "

    Existing employees don\u2019t have to accept a change to an employment contract to become an employee shareholder if they don\u2019t want to.

    ", + "

    Offering employment shareholder status

    ", + "

    Employers must following certain rules when offering employment shareholder status to their employees.

    ", + "

    Self-employed and contractor

    ", + "

    A person is self-employed if they run their business for themselves and take responsibility for its success or failure.

    ", + "

    Self-employed workers aren\u2019t paid through PAYE, and they don\u2019t have the employment rights and responsibilities of employees.

    ", + "

    Someone can be both employed and self-employed at the same time, for example if they work for an employer during the day and run their own business in the evenings.

    ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    Employment law doesn\u2019t cover self-employed people in most cases because they are their own boss.

    ", + "

    However, if a person is self-employed:

    ", + "
  • they still have protection for their health and safety and, in some cases, protection against discrimination
    • ", + "
  • their rights and responsibilities are set out by the terms of the contract they have with their client
    • ", + "

    Working out if someone is self-employed

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may regard someone as self-employed for tax purposes even if they have a different status in employment law.

    ", + "

    Employers should check if a worker is self-employed in:

    ", + "
  • tax law - whether they\u2019re exempt from PAYE
    • ", + "
  • employment law - whether they have an employee\u2019s rights
    • ", + "

    Individuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.

    ", + "

    Checking if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE

    ", + "

    Someone is probably self-employed and shouldn\u2019t be paid through PAYE if most of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re in business for themselves, are responsible for the success or failure of their business and can make a loss or a profit
    • ", + "
  • they can decide what work they do and when, where or how to do it
    • ", + "
  • they can hire someone else to do the work
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re responsible for fixing any unsatisfactory work in their own time
    • ", + "
  • their employer agrees a fixed price for their work - it doesn\u2019t depend on how long the job takes to finish
    • ", + "
  • they use their own money to buy business assets, cover running costs, and provide tools and equipment for their work
    • ", + "
  • they can work for more than one client
    • ", + "

    You can check someone\u2019s employment status:

    ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "
  • by phone
    • ", + "

    There are special rules for businesses supplying workers, for example an employment agency.

    ", + "

    Checking their employment rights

    ", + "

    Someone is probably self-employed and doesn\u2019t have the rights of an employee if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE and most of the following are also true:

    ", + "
  • they put in bids or give quotes to get work
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re not under direct supervision when working
    • ", + "
  • they submit invoices for the work they\u2019ve done
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re responsible for paying their own National Insurance and tax
    • ", + "
  • they don\u2019t get holiday or sick pay when they\u2019re not working
    • ", + "
  • they operate under a contract (sometimes known as a \u2018contract for services\u2019 or \u2018consultancy agreement\u2019) that uses terms like \u2018self-employed\u2019, \u2018consultant\u2019 or an \u2018independent contractor\u2019
    • ", + "

    Contractors

    ", + "

    A contractor can be:

    ", + "
  • self-employed
    • ", + "
  • a worker or an employee if they work for a client and are employed by an agency
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a special scheme for self-employed contractors and sub-contractors working in the construction industry called the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS).

    ", + "

    If someone becomes self-employed

    ", + "

    A worker must tell HMRC if they become self-employed.

    ", + "

    Director

    ", + "

    Company directors run limited companies on behalf of shareholders.

    ", + "

    Directors have different rights and responsibilities from employees, and are classed as office holders for tax and National Insurance contribution purposes.

    ", + "

    If a person does other work that\u2019s not related to being a director, they may have an employment contract and get employment rights.

    ", + "

    Office holder

    ", + "

    A person who\u2019s been appointed to a position by a company or organisation but doesn\u2019t have a contract or receive regular payment may be an office holder. This includes:

    ", + "
  • statutory appointments, such as registered company directors or secretaries, board members of statutory bodies, or crown appointments
    • ", + "
  • appointments under the internal constitution of an organisation, such as club treasurers or trade union secretaries
    • ", + "
  • appointments under a trust deed, such as trustees
    • ", + "
  • ecclesiastical appointment, such as members of the clergy
    • ", + "

    Office holders are neither employees nor workers. However, it\u2019s possible for someone to be an office holder and an employee if they have an employment contract with the same company or organisation that meets the criteria for employees.

    ", + "

    Working out employment status for an office holder

    ", + "

    Someone is likely to be an office holder if most of these statements apply to them:

    ", + "
  • there is no contract or service agreement relating to their appointment
    • ", + "
  • their duties are minimal, and are only those required under the relevant statute, constitution or trust deed
    • ", + "
  • they don\u2019t get a salary or any other form of regular payment for their services
    • ", + "
  • the only payment they get is a voluntary payment (honorarium), regardless of the work they do - tax and National Insurance are deducted by the appointing body
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re effectively working as an independent office, and are not under the close supervision or control of the appointing body
    • ", + "

    Legal decisions on employment status

    ", + "

    A court or employment tribunal (known as an industrial tribunal in Northern Ireland) can make a final decision on employment status for employment rights purposes. They\u2019ll look at how the employment relationship between the person and the business works in practice.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may separately argue that someone is self-employed for tax purposes. This may be confirmed by the tax tribunal and the courts.

    ", + "

    An employment tribunal or court may still make a decision that someone is a worker or employee for employment rights purposes.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Fixed-term employment contracts", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fixed-term-contracts", + "contents": [ + "

    What counts as a fixed-term contract

    ", + "

    Employees are on a fixed-term contract if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they have an employment contract with the organisation they work for
    • ", + "
  • their contract ends on a particular date, or on completion of a specific task, eg a project
    • ", + "

    Workers don\u2019t count as fixed-term employees if they:

    ", + "
  • have a contract with an agency rather than the company they\u2019re working for
    • ", + "
  • are a student or trainee on a work-experience placement
    • ", + "
  • are working under a \u2018contract of apprenticeship\u2019
    • ", + "
  • are a member of the armed forces
    • ", + "

    They may be a fixed-term employee if they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a seasonal or casual employee taken on for up to 6 months during a peak period
    • ", + "
  • a specialist employee for a project
    • ", + "
  • covering for maternity leave
    • ", + "

    Employees' rights

    ", + "

    Employers must not treat workers on fixed-term contracts less favourably than permanent employees doing the same or largely the same job, unless the employer can show that there is a good business reason to do so.

    ", + "

    This is known as \u2018objective justification\u2019.

    ", + "

    Employers must also ensure that fixed-term employees get:

    ", + "
  • the same pay and conditions as permanent staff
    • ", + "
  • the same or equivalent benefits package
    • ", + "
  • information about permanent vacancies in the organisation
    • ", + "
  • protection against redundancy or dismissal
    • ", + "

    However, they\u2019re only entitled to the same rights as permanent staff working for the same employer, and not an associated employer\u2019s organisation.

    ", + "

    Anyone who\u2019s worked continually for the same employer for 2 years or more has the same redundancy rights as a permanent employee.

    ", + "

    Workplace disputes

    ", + "

    Workers on fixed-term contracts should try to sort out any concerns they have with their manager.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re still not satisfied, they can ask their employer for a written statement explaining their treatment, or complain using the employer\u2019s grievance procedure.

    ", + "

    Their final option is to make a claim to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    Renewing or ending a fixed-term contract

    ", + "

    Ending a fixed-term contract

    ", + "

    Fixed-term contracts will normally end automatically when they reach the agreed end date. The employer doesn\u2019t have to give any notice.

    ", + "

    If a contract isn\u2019t renewed

    ", + "

    This is considered to be a dismissal, and if the employee has 2 years\u2019 service the employer needs to show that there\u2019s a \u2018fair\u2019 reason for not renewing the contract (eg, if they were planning to stop doing the work the contract was for).

    ", + "

    Workers have the right:

    ", + "
  • not to be unfairly dismissed after 2 years\u2019 service - for employees who were in employment before 6 April 2012, it\u2019s 1 year\u2019s service
    • ", + "
  • to a written statement of reasons for not renewing the contract - after 1 year\u2019s service
    • ", + "

    They may be entitled to statutory redundancy payments after 2 years\u2019 service if the reason for non-renewal is redundancy.

    ", + "

    If the employer wants to end the contract earlier

    ", + "

    What happens depends on the terms of the contract. If it says:

    ", + "
  • nothing about being ended early, the employer may be in breach of contract
    • ", + "
  • it can be ended early, and the employer has given proper notice, the contract can be ended
    • ", + "

    Minimum notice period

    ", + "

    Fixed-term employees have the right to a minimum notice period of:

    ", + "
  • 1 week if they\u2019ve worked continuously for at least 1 month
    • ", + "
  • 1 week for each year they\u2019ve worked, if they\u2019ve worked continuously for 2 years or more
    • ", + "

    These are the minimum periods. The contract may specify a longer notice period.

    ", + "

    If an employer ends a contract without giving the proper notice, the employee may be able to claim breach of contract.

    ", + "

    Working longer than the contract\u2019s end date

    ", + "

    If an employee continues working past the end of a contract without it being formally renewed, there\u2019s an \u2018implied agreement\u2019 by the employer that the end date has changed.

    ", + "

    The employer still needs to give proper notice if they want to dismiss the worker.

    ", + "

    The limit on renewing a fixed-term contract

    ", + "

    Any employee on fixed-term contracts for 4 or more years will automatically become a permanent employee, unless the employer can show there is a good business reason not to do so.

    ", + "

    However, an employer and unions (or a staff association) may make a collective agreement that removes the automatic right to become a permanent employee in these circumstances.

    ", + "

    Renewing a fixed-term contract on less favourable terms

    ", + "

    If an employer wants to do this, the employee can negotiate with them to reach an agreement.

    ", + "

    If the contract ends and they have been unable to reach an agreement, the employee may be able to claim unfair dismissal.

    ", + "

    Ending the contract early

    ", + "

    Employees must hand in their notice 1 week in advance if they\u2019ve worked for an employer for a month or more. The contract may state that they need to give more notice.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Flexible working", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/flexible-working", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Flexible working is a way of working that suits an employee\u2019s needs, for example having flexible start and finish times, or working from home.

    ", + "

    Flexible working rules are different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    All employees have the legal right to request flexible working - not just parents and carers.

    ", + "

    This is known as \u2018making a statutory application\u2019.

    ", + "

    Employees must have worked for the same employer for at least 26 weeks to be eligible.

    ", + "

    What employers must do

    ", + "

    Employers must deal with requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.

    ", + "

    Examples of handling requests in a reasonable manner include:

    ", + "
  • assessing the advantages and disadvantages of the application
    • ", + "
  • holding a meeting to discuss the request with the employee
    • ", + "
  • offering an appeal process
    • ", + "

    If an employer does not handle a request in a reasonable manner, the employee can take them to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    An employer can refuse an application if they have a good business reason for doing so.

    ", + "

    Types of flexible working

    ", + "

    There are different ways of working flexibly.

    ", + "

    Job sharing

    ", + "

    Two people do one job and split the hours.

    ", + "

    Working from home

    ", + "

    It might be possible to do some or all of the work from home or anywhere else other than the normal place of work.

    ", + "

    Part time

    ", + "

    Working less than full-time hours (usually by working fewer days).

    ", + "

    Compressed hours

    ", + "

    Working full-time hours but over fewer days.

    ", + "

    Flexitime

    ", + "

    The employee chooses when to start and end work (within agreed limits) but works certain \u2018core hours\u2019, for example 10am to 4pm every day.

    ", + "

    Annualised hours

    ", + "

    The employee has to work a certain number of hours over the year but they have some flexibility about when they work. There are sometimes \u2018core hours\u2019 which the employee regularly works each week, and they work the rest of their hours flexibly or when there\u2019s extra demand at work.

    ", + "

    Staggered hours

    ", + "

    The employee has different start, finish and break times from other workers.

    ", + "

    Phased retirement

    ", + "

    Default retirement age has been phased out and older workers can choose when they want to retire. This means they can reduce their hours and work part time.

    ", + "

    Applying for flexible working

    ", + "

    Employees can apply for flexible working if they\u2019ve worked continuously for the same employer for the last 26 weeks. It\u2019s known as \u2018making a statutory application.\u2019

    ", + "

    The basic steps are:

    ", + "
  • The employee writes to the employer.
    • ", + "
  • The employer considers the request and makes a decision within 3 months - or longer if agreed with the employee.
    • ", + "
  • If the employer agrees to the request, they must change the terms and conditions in the employee\u2019s contract.
    • ", + "
  • If the employer disagrees, they must write to the employee giving the business reasons for the refusal. The employee may be able to complain to an employment tribunal.
    • ", + "

    Employees can only make one application for flexible working a year.

    ", + "

    Writing to the employer

    ", + "

    An employee should email or write a letter to their employer.

    ", + "

    Employers may ask employees to use a standard form to make an application.

    ", + "

    What the email or letter must include

    ", + "

    The application must include:

    ", + "
  • the date
    • ", + "
  • a statement that this is a statutory request
    • ", + "
  • details of how the employee wants to work flexibly and when they want to start
    • ", + "
  • an explanation of how they think flexible working might affect the business and how this could be dealt with, for example if they\u2019re not at work on certain days
    • ", + "
  • a statement saying if and when they\u2019ve made a previous application
    • ", + "

    Withdrawing an application

    ", + "

    Employees should tell their employer in writing if they want to withdraw their application.

    ", + "

    The employer can treat an application as withdrawn if the employee misses 2 meetings to discuss an application or appeal without good reason, for example sickness.

    ", + "

    The employer must tell the employee they are treating the request as withdrawn.

    ", + "

    After the application

    ", + "

    Employers must consider flexible working requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.

    ", + "

    They should usually make a decision within 3 months of the request (or longer if agreed with the employee).

    ", + "

    Agreeing the application

    ", + "

    The employer should write to the employee with:

    ", + "
  • a statement of the agreed changes
    • ", + "
  • a start date for flexible working
    • ", + "

    They should also change the employee\u2019s contract to include the new terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    This should be done as soon as possible but no later than 28 days after the request was approved.

    ", + "

    Rejecting an application

    ", + "

    The employer must tell the employee that they\u2019ve rejected the application.

    ", + "

    Reasons for rejecting

    ", + "

    Employers can reject an application for any of the following reasons:

    ", + "
  • extra costs that will damage the business
    • ", + "
  • the work cannot be reorganised among other staff
    • ", + "
  • people cannot be recruited to do the work
    • ", + "
  • flexible working will affect quality and performance
    • ", + "
  • the business will not be able to meet customer demand
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s a lack of work to do during the proposed working times
    • ", + "
  • the business is planning changes to the workforce
    • ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    Employees no longer have a statutory right to an appeal.

    ", + "

    But offering an appeals process helps to demonstrate that the employer is handling requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    The employee must follow the company\u2019s procedures for appealing.

    ", + "

    The employee or employer should follow the company\u2019s procedures for solving a workplace dispute if a rejected application causes problems.

    ", + "

    Going to an employment tribunal

    ", + "

    Employees can complain to an employment tribunal if the employer:

    ", + "
  • did not handle the request in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019
    • ", + "
  • wrongly treated the employee\u2019s application as withdrawn
    • ", + "
  • dismissed or treated an employee poorly because of their flexible working request, for example refused a promotion or pay rise
    • ", + "
  • rejected an application based on incorrect facts
    • ", + "

    Employees cannot complain to a tribunal just because their flexible working request was rejected.

    ", + "

    An employee should complain to the tribunal within 3 months of:

    ", + "
  • hearing their employer\u2019s decision
    • ", + "
  • hearing their request was treated as withdrawn
    • ", + "
  • the date the employer should have responded to their request (but failed to do so)
    • ", + "

    If an employer or employee is unsure of their rights, they should get legal advice.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Holiday entitlement", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights", + "contents": [ + "

    Entitlement

    ", + "

    Almost all workers are legally entitled to 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday a year (known as statutory leave entitlement or annual leave).

    ", + "

    This includes:

    ", + "
  • agency workers
    • ", + "
  • workers with irregular hours
    • ", + "
  • workers on zero-hours contracts
    • ", + "

    An employer can include bank holidays as part of statutory annual leave.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) does not affect workers\u2019 entitlement to holiday pay and leave, except for carrying over leave.

    ", + "

    Statutory annual leave entitlement

    ", + "

    Most workers who work a 5-day week must receive at least 28 days\u2019 paid annual leave a year. This is the equivalent of 5.6 weeks of holiday.

    ", + "

    Working part-time

    ", + "

    Part-time workers are entitled to at least 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday, but this will amount to fewer than 28 days.

    ", + "

    For example, if they work 3 days a week, they must get at least 16.8 days\u2019 leave a year (3 \u00d7 5.6).

    ", + "

    Use the holiday entitlement calculator to work out a part-time worker\u2019s leave.

    ", + "

    Irregular hours

    ", + "

    People working irregular hours (like shift workers or term-time workers) are entitled to paid time off for every hour they work.

    ", + "

    They might find it helpful to get an estimate of holiday entitlement by calculating leave based on days or hours worked in an average week.

    ", + "

    Limits on statutory leave

    ", + "

    Statutory paid holiday entitlement is limited to 28 days. For example, staff working 6 days a week are only entitled to 28 days\u2019 paid holiday.

    ", + "

    Bank holidays

    ", + "

    Bank or public holidays do not have to be given as paid leave.

    ", + "

    An employer can choose to include bank holidays as part of a worker\u2019s statutory annual leave.

    ", + "

    Extra leave

    ", + "

    An employer can choose to offer more leave than the legal minimum. They do not have to apply all the rules that apply to statutory leave to the extra leave. For example, a worker might need to be employed for a certain amount of time before they become entitled to it.

    ", + "

    Other aspects of holiday entitlement

    ", + "

    Workers have the right to:

    ", + "
  • get paid for leave
    • ", + "
  • build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday entitlement during maternity, paternity and adoption leave
    • ", + "
  • build up holiday entitlement while off work sick
    • ", + "
  • request holiday at the same time as sick leave
    • ", + "

    Disputes

    ", + "

    Paid annual leave is a legal right that an employer must provide. If a worker thinks their right to leave and pay are not being met there are a number of ways to resolve the dispute.

    ", + "

    Calculate leave entitlement

    ", + "

    Annual leave begins to build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) as soon as a worker starts their job.

    ", + "

    An employer can use a \u2018leave year\u2019 or an \u2018accrual\u2019 system to work out how much leave their staff should get.

    ", + "

    Use the holiday entitlement calculator to work out how much leave someone should get.

    ", + "

    Leave year

    ", + "

    An employer should tell their staff the dates of their statutory leave year as soon as they start working, for example, it might run from 1 January to 31 December.

    ", + "

    Workers must take their statutory leave during this time. If a leave year is not set out in a contract then it will start:

    ", + "
  • on the first day of a new job (if started after 1 October 1998)
    • ", + "
  • on 1 October (if started on or before 1 October 1998)
    • ", + "

    The leave year and holiday entitlement is not affected by maternity, paternity or adoption leave. The employee still builds up (\u2018accrues\u2019) holiday over these periods.

    ", + "

    Leave entitlement when starting a new job

    ", + "

    If a worker starts their job part-way through a leave year, they\u2019re only entitled to part of their total annual leave for the current leave year. What they get depends on how much of the year is left.

    ", + "

    Use the holiday entitlement calculator to work out how much leave someone has left.

    ", + "

    Accrual system

    ", + "

    An employer can use an accrual system to work out a worker\u2019s leave during the first year of the job. Under this system, a worker gets one-twelfth of their leave in each month.

    ", + "

    Carrying over leave

    ", + "

    The worker\u2019s contract says how many days\u2019 leave they can carry over into the next year.

    ", + "

    If a worker gets 28 days\u2019 leave, they can carry over a maximum of 8 days.

    ", + "

    If a worker gets more than 28 days\u2019 leave, their employer may allow them to carry over any additional untaken leave. Check the employment contract, company handbook or intranet to see what the rules say.

    ", + "

    Leave affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Workers may be able to carry over untaken leave into the next 2 years if they cannot take it because their work is affected by coronavirus.

    ", + "

    They could do this if, for example:

    ", + "
  • they need to provide cover for their co-workers and have no other opportunity to take holiday in their leave year
    • ", + "
  • there will be staff shortages if too many workers take their leave before the end of the leave year
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re classed as critical workers, such as healthcare or supermarket workers
    • ", + "

    If a worker is able to take leave, the standard rules for carrying over leave still apply.

    ", + "

    Workers on parental or sick leave

    ", + "

    If a worker cannot take all of their leave entitlement because they\u2019re already on a different type of leave (for example sick, maternity or parental leave), they can carry over some or all of the untaken leave into the next leave year.

    ", + "

    An employer must allow a worker to carry over a maximum of 20 of their 28 days\u2019 leave entitlement if the worker could not take annual leave because they were off sick.

    ", + "

    Holiday pay

    ", + "

    Workers are entitled to a week\u2019s pay for each week of statutory leave that they take.

    ", + "

    Most workers are entitled to 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday a year. You can use the holiday calculator to work out how much leave someone should get.

    ", + "

    A week\u2019s pay is worked out according to the kind of hours someone works and how they\u2019re paid for the hours. This includes full-time, part-time, term-time and casual workers.

    ", + "Working pattern | How a week\u2019s pay is calculated", + "Fixed hours and fixed pay (full- or part-time) | A worker\u2019s pay for a week", + "Shift work with fixed hours (full- or part-time) | The average number of weekly fixed hours a worker has worked in the previous 52 weeks, at their average hourly rate", + "No fixed hours (casual work, including zero-hours contracts) | A worker\u2019s average pay from the previous 52 weeks (only counting weeks in which they were paid)", + "

    Calculating average hourly or weekly rate

    ", + "

    To calculate average hourly rate, only the hours worked and how much was paid for them should be counted. Take the average rate over the last 52 weeks.

    ", + "

    A \u2018week\u2019 usually runs from Sunday to Saturday. Only use another 7-day period (like Thursday to Wednesday) if that\u2019s how a worker\u2019s pay is calculated.

    ", + "

    If no pay was paid in any week, count back another week so the rate is based on 52 weeks in which pay was paid. You can count back a maximum of 104 weeks to find these.

    ", + "

    If a worker has less than 52 weeks of pay, use the average pay rate for the full weeks they have worked.

    ", + "

    Workers who are paid monthly

    ", + "

    To work out a week\u2019s pay for someone who\u2019s paid monthly:

    ", + "
  • Calculate the worker\u2019s average hourly pay for the last month. Do this by dividing the month\u2019s pay by the number of hours worked in the month.
    • ", + "
  • Calculate the weekly pay. Do this by multiplying the average hourly pay by the number of hours worked in a week.
    • ", + "

    Use the weekly pay calculation for each of the last 52 weeks to work out an average week\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    Rolled-up holiday pay

    ", + "

    Holiday pay should be paid for the time when annual leave is taken. An employer cannot include an amount for holiday pay in the hourly rate (known as \u2018rolled-up holiday pay\u2019).

    ", + "

    If a current contract still includes rolled-up pay, it needs to be re-negotiated.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    There\u2019s guidance for calculating holiday pay for workers without fixed hours or pay, which includes several examples.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) with questions about general holiday pay issues.

    ", + "

    Booking time off

    ", + "

    The general notice period for taking leave is at least twice as long as the amount of leave a worker wants to take, plus 1 day. For example, a worker would give 3 days\u2019 notice for 1 day\u2019s leave.

    ", + "

    An employer can refuse a leave request or cancel leave but they must give as much notice as the amount of leave requested, plus 1 day. For example, an employer would give 11 days\u2019 notice if the worker asked for 10 days\u2019 leave.

    ", + "

    If the contract says something different about the notice a worker or employer should give, what\u2019s in the contract will apply.

    ", + "

    Although employers can refuse to give leave at a certain time, they cannot refuse to let workers take the leave at all.

    ", + "

    Part leave days

    ", + "

    Some workers may be entitled to a part leave day - for example if they\u2019re part-time or have a half day\u2019s leave to take. How a part day should be taken is up to the employer.

    ", + "

    When leave can and cannot be taken

    ", + "

    Employers can:

    ", + "
  • tell their staff to take leave, for example bank holidays or Christmas
    • ", + "
  • restrict when leave can be taken, for example at certain busy periods
    • ", + "

    There may be rules about this in the employment contract or it may be what normally happens in the workplace.

    ", + "

    The notice period for this is at least twice as long as the leave they want their staff to take. The employer must tell the worker before the notice period begins.

    ", + "

    If an employer wants a worker to take leave, they need to make sure that the worker can relax, rest and enjoy leisure during their holiday. For example, an employer cannot force a sick worker to take leave.

    ", + "

    Taking holiday before leaving a job

    ", + "

    During their notice period the worker may be able to take whatever is left of their statutory annual leave.

    ", + "

    Use the holiday entitlement calculator to work this out. How much they get depends on how much of the holiday year has passed.

    ", + "

    Taking more leave than the entitlement

    ", + "

    If a worker has taken more leave than they\u2019re entitled to, their employer must not take money from their final pay unless it\u2019s been agreed beforehand in writing. The rules in this situation should be outlined in the employment contract, company handbook or intranet.

    ", + "

    Getting paid instead of taking holidays

    ", + "

    The only time someone can get paid in place of taking statutory leave (known as \u2018payment in lieu\u2019) is when they leave their job. Employers must pay for untaken statutory leave, even if the worker is dismissed for gross misconduct.

    ", + "

    If an employer offers more than 5.6 weeks\u2019 annual leave, they can agree separate arrangements for the extra leave.

    ", + "

    Zero-hours contracts

    ", + "

    When a worker on a zero-hours contract has not worked for 4 weeks, this may be treated as the end of the employment. The employer will usually pay the worker for untaken leave, even if they\u2019re going to offer them more work later.

    ", + "

    Workers on furlough because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Workers have the right to build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday entitlement while they\u2019re on temporary leave (\u2018furloughed\u2019) because of coronavirus (COVID-19). They can also take leave while on furlough.

    ", + "

    Bank holidays

    ", + "

    If a furloughed worker is not working on a bank holiday they usually take as paid leave, they can agree with their employer to either:

    ", + "
  • take it as normal
    • ", + "
  • take it at a later date
    • ", + "

    An employer must give a worker at least 2 days\u2019 notice if they want them to take a bank holiday as paid leave, unless the worker\u2019s employment contract says something different.

    ", + "

    The employer must tell the worker at least one day in advance of giving 2 days\u2019 notice.

    ", + "

    Holiday pay

    ", + "

    An employer can continue to claim for a furloughed worker\u2019s wages when the worker takes annual leave.

    ", + "

    Calculate holiday pay as normal for any time the worker was furloughed. If the holiday pay turns out to be more than the worker was paid during this time, their employer must pay the difference.

    ", + "

    Agency workers

    ", + "

    Agency workers with \u2018worker status\u2019, including those who use an umbrella company, have their usual holiday entitlement when on furlough.

    ", + "

    Their employer can claim a grant to help cover the cost of their wages.

    ", + "

    Holiday entitlement for those without worker status remains the same and depends on their contract.

    ", + "

    Agency workers may also be able to carry holiday into future leave years.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more guidance on holiday entitlement and pay during coronavirus.\nYou can also find out more about holiday entitlement during coronavirus on the Acas website.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Maximum weekly working hours", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maximum-weekly-working-hours", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t work more than 48 hours a week on average - normally averaged over 17 weeks. This law is sometimes called the \u2018working time directive\u2019 or \u2018working time regulations\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can choose to work more by opting out of the 48-hour week.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18, you can\u2019t work more than 8 hours a day or 40 hours a week.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You may have to work more than 48 hours a week on average if you work in a job:

    ", + "
  • where 24-hour staffing is required
    • ", + "
  • in the armed forces, emergency services or police
    • ", + "
  • in security and surveillance
    • ", + "
  • as a domestic servant in a private household
    • ", + "
  • as a seafarer, sea-fisherman or worker on vessels on inland waterways
    • ", + "
  • where working time is not measured and you\u2019re in control, eg you\u2019re a managing executive with control over your decisions
    • ", + "

    Contact the Acas helpline or use the Acas Helpline Online to get further advice on working hours.

    ", + "

    Calculating your working hours

    ", + "

    Average working hours are calculated over a \u2018reference\u2019 period, normally 17 weeks.

    ", + "

    This means you can work more than 48 hours one week, as long as the average over 17 weeks is less than 48 hours a week.

    ", + "

    Your working hours can\u2019t be averaged out if you\u2019re under 18. You can\u2019t work more than 40 hours in any one week.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    Some jobs have different reference periods, eg:

    ", + "
  • trainee doctors have a 26-week reference period
    • ", + "
  • the offshore oil and gas sector has a 52-week reference period
    • ", + "

    What counts as work

    ", + "

    A working week includes:

    ", + "
  • job-related training
    • ", + "
  • time spent travelling if you travel as part of your job, eg sales rep
    • ", + "
  • working lunches, eg business lunches
    • ", + "
  • time spent working abroad
    • ", + "
  • paid overtime
    • ", + "
  • unpaid overtime you\u2019re asked to do
    • ", + "
  • time spent on call at the workplace
    • ", + "
  • any time that is treated as \u2018working time\u2019 under a contract
    • ", + "
  • travel between home and work at the start and end of the working day (if you don\u2019t have a fixed place of work)
    • ", + "

    What doesn\u2019t count as work

    ", + "

    A working week doesn\u2019t include:

    ", + "
  • time you spend on call away from the workplace
    • ", + "
  • breaks when no work is done, eg lunch breaks
    • ", + "
  • travelling outside of normal working hours
    • ", + "
  • unpaid overtime you\u2019ve volunteered for, eg staying late to finish something off
    • ", + "
  • paid or unpaid holiday
    • ", + "
  • travel to and from work (if you have a fixed place of work)
    • ", + "

    You have more than one job

    ", + "

    Your combined working hours shouldn\u2019t be more than 48 hours a week on average.

    ", + "

    If you work more than 48 hours on average, you can either:

    ", + "
  • sign an opt-out agreement
    • ", + "
  • reduce your hours to meet the 48-hour limit
    • ", + "

    Opting out of the 48 hour week

    ", + "

    You can choose to work more than 48 hours a week on average if you\u2019re over 18. This is called \u2018opting out\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your employer can ask you to opt out, but you can\u2019t be sacked or treated unfairly for refusing to do so.

    ", + "

    You can opt out for a certain period or indefinitely. It must be voluntary and in writing.

    ", + "

    Workers who can\u2019t opt out

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t opt-out of the 48 hour week if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • airline staff
    • ", + "
  • a worker on ships or boats
    • ", + "
  • a worker in the road transport industry, eg delivery drivers (except for drivers of vehicles under 3.5 tonnes using GB Domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules)
    • ", + "
  • other staff who travel in and operate vehicles covered by EU rules on drivers\u2019 hours, eg bus conductors
    • ", + "
  • a security guard on a vehicle carrying high-value goods
    • ", + "

    Cancelling an opt-out agreement

    ", + "

    You can cancel your opt-out agreement whenever you want - even if it\u2019s part of your employment contract.

    ", + "

    You must give your employer at least 7 days\u2019 notice. You may have to give more notice (up to 3 months) if you have a written opt-out agreement.

    ", + "

    Your employer can\u2019t force you to cancel your opt-out agreement.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Night working hours", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/night-working-hours", + "contents": [ + "

    Hours and limits

    ", + "

    Staff who regularly work at least 3 hours during the \u2018night period\u2019 are night workers.

    ", + "

    The night period is 11pm to 6am, unless the worker and employer agree a different night period.

    ", + "

    If they do, it must be 7 hours long and include midnight to 5am. It must be agreed in writing.

    ", + "

    Staff may also be night workers if there\u2019s a collective agreement (for example, trade union agreement) that states their work is night work.

    ", + "

    National Minimum Wage

    ", + "

    The National Minimum Wage applies to night workers but there is not a higher night working rate.

    ", + "

    Sleep-in shifts

    ", + "

    The number of hours that workers get paid the National Minimum Wage depends on whether they\u2019re expected to sleep or work for most of their shift.

    ", + "

    Workers who are expected to sleep for most of a sleep-in shift (for example, a care worker), and are provided with suitable sleeping facilities, will only get the National Minimum Wage for the periods when they\u2019re awake to perform tasks.

    ", + "

    Workers who are expected to work for most of a shift will get the National Minimum Wage for their whole shift, even if they\u2019re allowed to sleep between tasks.

    ", + "

    Limits on working hours for night workers

    ", + "

    Additional rules apply to night workers on top of the rules on maximum weekly working hours and rest breaks.

    ", + "

    Night workers must not work more than an average of 8 hours in a 24-hour period.

    ", + "

    The average is usually calculated over 17 weeks, but it can be over a longer period of up to 52 weeks if the workers and the employer agree - for example, by collective agreement.

    ", + "

    Regular overtime is included in the average, but not occasional overtime.

    ", + "

    Workers cannot opt out of the limit.

    ", + "

    Workers aged 16 or 17

    ", + "

    Staff aged 16 or 17 cannot work between midnight and 4am.

    ", + "

    They usually cannot work between 10pm and 6am (this can be changed to not working between 11pm and 7am, by contract) but there are exceptions if they work in:

    ", + "
  • agriculture
    • ", + "
  • cultural, sporting, artistic or advertising activities
    • ", + "
  • a hospital
    • ", + "
  • a hotel or catering
    • ", + "
  • retail
    • ", + "
  • post or newspaper delivery
    • ", + "

    In exceptional circumstances they can work at night if there\u2019s no adult to do the work and they\u2019re needed to either:

    ", + "
  • handle a sudden increase in demand
    • ", + "
  • maintain the continuity of a service or production - for example, filming
    • ", + "

    The employer must give the young person a rest period of the same length as the extended shift.

    ", + "

    There are other restrictions on employing young people.

    ", + "

    Special hazards and mental or physical strain

    ", + "

    Night workers who deal with special hazards or whose work involves mental or physical strain cannot work longer than 8 hours in any 24-hour period.

    ", + "

    A risk assessment must be carried out to identify special hazards and work involving mental or physical strain.

    ", + "

    The hazards and strains may also be set out in collective or workforce agreements.

    ", + "

    What employers must do

    ", + "

    Employers must keep records of night workers\u2019 working hours to show they are not exceeding the limits.

    ", + "

    The records must be kept for at least 2 years.

    ", + "

    Contact Acas for more information.

    ", + "

    You cannot discriminate against a worker if they do not want to work nights.

    ", + "

    Exceptions to night work limits

    ", + "

    The limits on night working hours do not usually apply:

    ", + "
  • in the armed forces and emergency services
    • ", + "
  • to domestic staff employed in a private house
    • ", + "
  • when people can choose how long they work - for example, company executives or freelancers
    • ", + "

    The limits on night working hours do not apply:

    ", + "
  • in jobs that need round-the-clock staffing, like hospital work
    • ", + "
  • in an industry with busy peak periods, like agriculture, retail, tourism, security and surveillance
    • ", + "
  • if there\u2019s an emergency or an accident
    • ", + "
  • if a member of staff has to travel a long distance from home to work or constantly works in different places
    • ", + "
  • if a collective or workforce agreement excludes or changes the restriction on night work
    • ", + "

    Different rules apply to workers in road, sea and air transport.

    ", + "

    Rest breaks if night work limits do not apply

    ", + "

    Workers must get \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 instead of a normal working week with breaks during the day.

    ", + "

    Compensatory rest is a minimum of 90 hours rest per week on average.

    ", + "

    Employers must also follow the general rules on working hours.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure whether these exceptions apply in your situation, contact Acas.

    ", + "

    Health assessments

    ", + "

    Employers must offer workers a free health assessment before they become a night worker. Workers do not have to accept.

    ", + "

    The assessment must be written by a qualified health professional. It can be a questionnaire.

    ", + "

    Employers must take into account that night work might increase a worker\u2019s stress levels.

    ", + "

    The worker must get a follow-up examination by a health professional when an employer is unsure if the worker is fit for night work.

    ", + "

    A repeat assessment must be offered regularly.

    ", + "

    The employer must offer suitable other work where possible if a worker has health problems that a doctor says are related to night work.

    ", + "

    Keep records

    ", + "

    Employers must keep confidential records of:

    ", + "
  • the health assessments (keep for 2 years)
    • ", + "
  • dates when assessments were offered (if a worker did not want one)
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Overtime: your rights", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overtime-your-rights", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you have normal working hours, overtime usually means any time you work beyond these hours.

    ", + "

    Normal working hours are the hours fixed by your employment contract.

    ", + "

    Overtime pay

    ", + "

    Employers do not have to pay workers for overtime. However, your average pay for the total hours you work must not fall below the National Minimum Wage.

    ", + "

    Your employment contract will usually include details of any overtime pay rates and how they\u2019re worked out.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Contact Acas for free and confidential advice on working hours.

    ", + "

    Compulsory overtime

    ", + "

    You only have to work overtime if your contract says so.

    ", + "

    Even if it does, by law, you cannot usually be forced to work more than an average of 48 hours per week. You can agree to work longer - but this agreement must be in writing and signed by you.

    ", + "

    Unless your contract guarantees you overtime, your employer can stop you from working it.

    ", + "

    However, your employer cannot discriminate against anyone, for example by stopping some employees from working overtime while letting others do so.

    ", + "

    Part-time workers

    ", + "

    Usually, part-time workers must not be treated less favourably than full-time staff.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally get paid at your hourly rate if you work longer hours than set out in your employment contract. Your employer will usually only pay overtime if at least one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you work more than the normal working hours of full-time staff and full-time staff would get extra pay for working these hours
    • ", + "
  • you work at unsocial times (for example, late at night) and full-time staff would get more pay
    • ", + "

    Your contract will say if your right to paid overtime is different.

    ", + "

    Time off and paid leave

    ", + "

    Time off in lieu (TOIL)

    ", + "

    Some employers give you time off instead of paying for overtime. This is known as \u2018time off in lieu\u2019.

    ", + "

    You agree the terms (for example, when it can be taken) with your employer.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Rest breaks at work", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Workers over 18 are usually entitled to 3 types of break - rest breaks at work, daily rest and weekly rest.

    ", + "

    Rest breaks at work

    ", + "

    Workers have the right to one uninterrupted 20 minute rest break during their working day, if they work more than 6 hours a day. This could be a tea or lunch break.

    ", + "

    The break doesn\u2019t have to be paid - it depends on their employment contract.

    ", + "

    Daily rest

    ", + "

    Workers have the right to 11 hours rest between working days, eg if they finish work at 8pm, they shouldn\u2019t start work again until 7am the next day.

    ", + "

    Weekly rest

    ", + "

    Workers have the right to either:

    ", + "
  • an uninterrupted 24 hours without any work each week
    • ", + "
  • an uninterrupted 48 hours without any work each fortnight
    • ", + "

    A worker\u2019s employment contract may say they\u2019re entitled to more or different rights to breaks from work.

    ", + "

    Work that puts health and safety at risk

    ", + "

    An employer should give an employee enough breaks to make sure their health and safety isn\u2019t at risk if that work is \u2018monotonous\u2019 (eg work on a production line).

    ", + "

    Domestic workers in a private house (eg a cleaner or au pair) aren\u2019t entitled to rest breaks for health and safety reasons.

    ", + "

    Taking breaks

    ", + "

    Employers can say when employees take rest breaks during work time as long as:

    ", + "
  • the break is taken in one go somewhere in the middle of the day (not at the beginning or end)
    • ", + "
  • workers are allowed to spend it away from their desk or workstation (ie away from where they actually work)
    • ", + "

    It doesn\u2019t count as a rest break if an employer says an employee should go back to work before their break is finished.

    ", + "

    Unless a worker\u2019s employment contract says so, they don\u2019t have the right to:

    ", + "
  • take smoking breaks
    • ", + "
  • get paid for rest breaks
    • ", + "

    Exceptions and special circumstances

    ", + "

    There are exemptions to the rights to rest breaks.

    ", + "

    Some workers are entitled to compensatory rest breaks, eg shift workers.

    ", + "

    Young people and lorry and coach drivers have different rights to rest breaks.

    ", + "

    Compensatory rest

    ", + "

    Workers may be entitled to \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 if they don\u2019t have the right to specific rest breaks. Compensatory rest breaks are the same length of time as the break (or part of it) that they\u2019ve missed.

    ", + "

    A worker may be entitled to compensatory rest if:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re a shift worker and can\u2019t take daily or weekly rest breaks between ending one shift and starting another
    • ", + "
  • their workplace is a long way from their home (eg an oil rig)
    • ", + "
  • they work in different places which are a reasonable distance from each other
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re doing security and surveillance-based work
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re working in an industry which is very busy at certain times of the year \u2013 like agriculture, retail, postal services or tourism
    • ", + "
  • they need to work because there\u2019s an exceptional event, an accident or a risk that an accident is about to happen
    • ", + "
  • the job needs round-the-clock staffing so there aren\u2019t interruptions to any services or production (eg hospital work)
    • ", + "
  • they work in the rail industry on board trains or their job is linked to making sure trains run on time
    • ", + "
  • their working day is split up (eg they\u2019re a cleaner and work for part of the morning and the evening)
    • ", + "
  • there is an agreement between management, trade unions or the workforce (a \u2018collective\u2019 or \u2018workforce\u2019 agreement) that has changed or removed rights to these rest breaks for a group of workers
    • ", + "

    The total rest entitlement for a week is 90 hours a week on average - this doesn\u2019t include breaks at work, which are additional.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    Workers aren\u2019t entitled to the 3 general types of rest break if they work in:

    ", + "
  • the armed forces, emergency services or police and they\u2019re dealing with an exceptional catastrophe or disaster
    • ", + "
  • a job where they freely choose what hours they work (like a managing director) or where the work is not measured (ie no set hours)
    • ", + "
  • sea transport
    • ", + "
  • air or road transport (known as \u2018mobile\u2019 workers)
    • ", + "

    Air, sea or road transport workers may be covered by special rules that give them different rest rights.

    ", + "

    Mobile workers not covered by any special rules usually have the right to regular rest so that their health and safety (or anyone else\u2019s) isn\u2019t put at risk.

    ", + "

    There are also special rules for young workers and for lorry and coach drivers.

    ", + "

    Young workers

    ", + "

    Young workers (above school leaving age and under 18) are usually entitled to:

    ", + "
  • a 30 minute rest break if they work more than 4.5 hours (if possible this should be one continuous break)
    • ", + "
  • daily rest of 12 hours
    • ", + "
  • weekly rest of 48 hours
    • ", + "

    Exceptions for young workers

    ", + "

    Young workers sometimes aren\u2019t entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work if their work has to be done because of an exceptional event (eg an accident). This is only where:

    ", + "
  • there isn\u2019t a worker over 18 who can do the work
    • ", + "
  • the work is temporary and must be done immediately
    • ", + "

    Compensatory rest for young workers

    ", + "

    Young workers have the right to compensatory rest if they\u2019re not entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work. This is the same amount of rest that they should have had. It can be taken just after any rest they\u2019ve missed but it must be taken within the following 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Disputes

    ", + "

    Workers who can\u2019t take or aren\u2019t allowed rest breaks should speak to their manager informally.

    ", + "

    Get more information for employees who want to raise a grievance or advice for employers on handling grievances if there is a disagreement about rest breaks.

    ", + "

    Workers can also get advice on rest breaks from the Acas helpline.

    ", + "

    If a worker can\u2019t solve a problem, they may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Dismissing staff", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Dismissal is when you end an employee\u2019s contract. When dismissing staff, you must do it fairly.

    ", + "

    There are different types of dismissal:

    ", + "
  • fair dismissal
    • ", + "
  • unfair dismissal
    • ", + "
  • constructive dismissal
    • ", + "
  • wrongful dismissal
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve had to dismiss staff because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to re-employ them and pay their wages through the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme.

    ", + "

    Fair and unfair dismissal

    ", + "

    A dismissal is fair or unfair depending on:

    ", + "
  • your reason for it
    • ", + "
  • how you act during the dismissal process
    • ", + "

    Constructive dismissal

    ", + "

    This is when an employee resigns because you\u2019ve breached their employment contract. This could be a single serious event or a series of less serious events.

    ", + "

    An employee could claim constructive dismissal if you:

    ", + "
  • cut their wages without agreement
    • ", + "
  • unlawfully demote them
    • ", + "
  • allow them to be harassed, bullied or discriminated against
    • ", + "
  • unfairly increase their workload
    • ", + "
  • change the location of their workplace at short notice
    • ", + "
  • make them work in dangerous conditions
    • ", + "

    A constructive dismissal is not necessarily unfair - but it would be difficult for you to show that a breach of contract was fair.

    ", + "

    A constructive dismissal might lead to a claim for wrongful dismissal.

    ", + "

    Wrongful dismissal

    ", + "

    This is where you break the terms of an employee\u2019s contract in the dismissal process, for example dismissing someone without giving them proper notice.

    ", + "

    Wrongful dismissal is not the same as unfair dismissal.

    ", + "

    If an employee thinks you\u2019ve dismissed them unfairly, constructively or wrongfully, they might take you to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    Fair dismissals

    ", + "

    You must have a valid reason for dismissing an employee. Valid reasons include:

    ", + "
  • their capability or conduct
    • ", + "
  • redundancy
    • ", + "
  • something that prevents them from legally being able to do their job, for example a driver losing their driving licence
    • ", + "

    There could be other fair reasons too - these are sometimes called \u2018other substantial reasons\u2019.

    ", + "

    Acting reasonably

    ", + "

    Even if you have a fair reason, the dismissal is only fair if you also act reasonably during the dismissal and disciplinary process.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no legal definition of \u2018reasonableness\u2019, but if you\u2019re taken to an employment or industrial tribunal they would consider whether you:

    ", + "
  • genuinely believed that the reason was fair
    • ", + "
  • carried out proper investigations where appropriate
    • ", + "
  • followed the relevant procedures
    • ", + "
  • told the employee why they were being considered for dismissal and listened to their views (in Northern Ireland, the employer must do this in writing)
    • ", + "
  • allowed the employee to be accompanied at disciplinary/dismissal hearings
    • ", + "
  • gave the employee the chance to appeal
    • ", + "

    Reasonableness might also depend on whether the employee could be expected to understand the consequences of their behaviour.

    ", + "

    Dismissal and disciplinary procedures

    ", + "

    You must set out your dismissal and disciplinary rules and procedures in writing - if you do not, a tribunal can order you to pay an employee compensation.

    ", + "

    Summary dismissal

    ", + "

    This is when you dismiss someone instantly without notice or pay in lieu of notice, usually because of gross misconduct (for example theft, fraud, violence).

    ", + "

    Tribunals may rule a summary dismissal as \u2018procedurally unfair\u2019 - you can only suspend someone without pay if their contract says you can do this. If it does not, you should suspend the employee on full pay and investigate the circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you feel summary dismissal\u2019s your only choice, you must still follow a fair procedure as you would do for any other disciplinary matter.

    ", + "

    Unfair dismissals

    ", + "

    Even if you think you\u2019ve dismissed someone fairly, they could still claim unfair dismissal against you if they think that:

    ", + "
  • the reason you gave for the dismissal was not the real one
    • ", + "
  • the reason was unfair
    • ", + "
  • you acted unreasonably, for example by failing to give them plenty of warning about their dismissal
    • ", + "

    Automatically unfair reasons for dismissal

    ", + "

    Even if you\u2019ve acted reasonably, some reasons for dismissal are classed automatically unfair. These are to do with the following areas:

    ", + "
  • pregnancy, including all reasons relating to maternity
    • ", + "
  • family, including parental leave, paternity leave (birth and adoption), adoption leave or time off for dependants
    • ", + "
  • acting as an employee representative
    • ", + "
  • acting as a trade union representative
    • ", + "
  • acting as an occupational pension scheme trustee
    • ", + "
  • joining or not joining a trade union
    • ", + "
  • being a part-time or fixed-term employee
    • ", + "
  • pay and working hours, including the Working Time Regulations, annual leave and the National Minimum Wage
    • ", + "
  • whistleblowing
    • ", + "

    Compulsory retirement on the grounds of age is unlawful unfair dismissal unless you can objectively justify it - but you could be challenged at a tribunal.

    ", + "

    Industrial action

    ", + "

    It\u2019s automatically unfair to dismiss someone for taking part in official (\u2018lawful\u2019) industrial action:

    ", + "
  • in the 12-week period from the day the industrial action starts
    • ", + "
  • if the action lasts longer than 12 weeks and you have not taken reasonable steps to resolve the dispute
    • ", + "

    Only an employment or industrial tribunal can decide whether or not you\u2019ve taken reasonable steps to resolve a dispute.

    ", + "

    If you \u2018lock out\u2019 employees taking industrial action, the days of the lock-out are not included in the calculation of the 12-week protected period.

    ", + "

    A lock-out is where you prevent employees from getting to their workplace, for example by locking the doors.

    ", + "

    Disability

    ", + "

    If a disabled employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them.

    ", + "

    Political beliefs and groups

    ", + "

    It is not automatically unfair to dismiss someone because of their political beliefs or political groups they belong to, but a tribunal might find this unfair.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no longer a qualifying period for someone going to an employment tribunal if they\u2019ve been dismissed because of political opinions or affiliation. This applies to anyone dismissed from 25 June 2013.

    ", + "

    Penalties for unfair dismissals

    ", + "

    If a tribunal finds that an employee has been unfairly dismissed, you might be ordered to:

    ", + "
  • reinstate them (give them their job back)
    • ", + "
  • re-engage them (re-employ them in a different job)
    • ", + "

    You might also have to pay compensation, which depends on the employee\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • gross weekly pay
    • ", + "
  • length of service
    • ", + "

    You might have to pay extra compensation if you do not follow a tribunal\u2019s order to reinstate someone.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a limit on the amount a tribunal can award for unfair dismissal, apart from in cases relating to:

    ", + "
  • health and safety (for example where you unfairly dismiss someone for taking action on health and safety grounds)
    • ", + "
  • whistleblowing
    • ", + "

    Eligibility to claim unfair dismissal

    ", + "

    Employees can only claim unfair dismissal if they\u2019ve worked for a qualifying period - unless they\u2019re claiming for an automatically unfair reason.

    ", + "Date employment started | When the employee can claim", + "Before 6 April 2012 | After first year of employment", + "After 6 April 2012 | After 2 years of employment", + "

    Who cannot claim unfair dismissal

    ", + "

    The right to complain to a tribunal about unfair dismissal is not available to:

    ", + "
  • self-employed people
    • ", + "
  • independent contractors
    • ", + "
  • members of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through a \u2018settlement agreement\u2019 or \u2018compromise agreement\u2019 after taking legal advice
    • ", + "
  • employees employed under an illegal contract, for example a barman under the age of 18
    • ", + "
  • employees covered by a dismissal procedure agreement that\u2019s been legally exempted from the unfair dismissal rules
    • ", + "
  • employees taking part in unofficial industrial action (unless the dismissal is for an automatically unfair reason)
    • ", + "
  • police officers (unless the dismissal relates to health and safety or whistleblowing)
    • ", + "
  • those working on a fishing vessel and paid by a share in the profits or gross earnings of the vessel
    • ", + "

    Dismissals for conduct or performance reasons

    ", + "

    You can dismiss an employee if:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re incapable of doing their job to the required standard
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re capable, but unwilling to do their job properly
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ve committed some form of misconduct
    • ", + "

    If you want to dismiss someone, there\u2019s no specific process you must go through by law - as long as you do it fairly.

    ", + "

    If a capability issue is linked to someone\u2019s health, you should try as many ways as possible to help them do their job before dismissing them.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary procedures

    ", + "

    You should include examples of what you consider to be misconduct in your disciplinary rules.

    ", + "

    Different disciplinary procedures are appropriate for different circumstances.

    ", + "

    Employees have the right to be accompanied to all disciplinary meetings and to appeal to a manager. Keep notes of all meetings and give copies to the employee.

    ", + "

    Misconduct

    ", + "

    Misconduct can include things like persistent lateness or unauthorised absence from work.

    ", + "

    To make sure the dismissal is fair when misconduct is not \u2018serious\u2019 or \u2018gross\u2019:

    ", + "
  • Arrange a meeting with the employee, telling them the reason for it. At the meeting, give them a chance to explain and issue a first written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. In the warning, tell them how you expect them to improve and over what period - warn them that if they do not improve enough, you\u2019ll give them a final written warning.
    • ", + "
  • Hold a second meeting if their performance or behaviour has not improved enough by the deadline - give them a chance to explain and issue a final written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. Revise the action plan with timescales for improvement and warn them that you\u2019ll consider dismissal if there\u2019s no improvement.
    • ", + "
  • Hold a third meeting if their performance or behaviour is still not up to standard by these new deadlines. Warn them that dismissal is now possible. After the meeting - or appeal if there is one - decide whether to give the employee a further chance to improve, or dismiss them. You must tell the employee of your final decision, whatever it is.
    • ", + "

    Serious misconduct

    ", + "

    You can issue a single \u2018first and final\u2019 written warning if the misconduct or underperformance is serious enough. Explain that not improving could lead to dismissal. \u2018Serious enough\u2019 includes if it\u2019s likely to or has caused serious harm to the organisation itself.

    ", + "

    Gross misconduct

    ", + "

    Gross misconduct can include things like theft, physical violence, gross negligence or serious insubordination.

    ", + "

    With gross misconduct, you can dismiss the employee immediately as long as you follow a fair procedure. You should investigate the incident and give the employee a chance to respond before deciding to dismiss them.

    ", + "

    One-off incidents

    ", + "

    An informal discussion may be enough to resolve the issue if the misconduct or underperformance was a one-off and the employee has a good disciplinary record.

    ", + "

    Dismissals due to illness

    ", + "

    Sometimes an employee may have to stop working because of long-term ill health. They may resign, or you may have to consider dismissing them.

    ", + "

    Considering dismissing an employee

    ", + "

    Dismissal is a last resort and you should consider as many ways as possible to help the employee back to work, including:

    ", + "
  • getting a medical report from their GP with the employee\u2019s permission - they have the right to see the report before you do
    • ", + "
  • arranging an occupational health assessment
    • ", + "
  • work out whether or not they\u2019re disabled and make any reasonable adjustments to help them do their job
    • ", + "

    If the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.

    ", + "

    How to dismiss someone

    ", + "

    During the dismissal procedure, make sure you act fairly and reasonably. You must treat the employee with sensitivity.

    ", + "

    Your procedure should follow the advice set out in the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) code of practice, or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) code of practice for Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you do not follow the code and are taken to an employment or industrial tribunal, you may have to pay compensation.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Handling an employee's grievance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/handling-employee-grievance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If your employee has a concern or problem that they haven\u2019t been able to resolve informally, they may make a formal grievance complaint to you.

    ", + "

    Businesses must have a written grievance procedure in place and share it with all employees. It must say how the process works and how long it takes.

    ", + "

    After a hearing of the evidence, you should let the employee know your decision in writing. If they aren\u2019t happy with the decision, they can appeal.

    ", + "

    Grievance procedure

    ", + "

    By law employers must set out a grievance procedure and share it in writing with all employees, eg in their statement of employment or staff handbook. It must include:

    ", + "
  • who the employee should contact about a grievance
    • ", + "
  • how to contact this person
    • ", + "

    It should also:

    ", + "
  • say that if the problem can\u2019t be resolved informally, there will be a meeting with the employee, called a grievance hearing
    • ", + "
  • set out time limits for each stage of the process
    • ", + "
  • identify who to contact if the normal contact person is involved in the grievance
    • ", + "
  • explain how to appeal a grievance decision
    • ", + "
  • state that employees can be accompanied in any meetings by a colleague or union representative
    • ", + "
  • outline what happens if a grievance is raised during disciplinary action
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to include information about the grievance procedure in employment contracts. However, if you do, you must follow the procedure, or the employee could bring a breach of contract claim against you.

    ", + "

    Acas Code of Practice

    ", + "

    The Acas Code of Practice isn\u2019t legally binding. However, an employment tribunal can reduce or increase any money awarded in a case by up to 25% if the code hasn\u2019t been followed.

    ", + "

    The grievance hearing

    ", + "

    Preparing for the hearing

    ", + "

    Before holding a hearing, employers should:

    ", + "
  • give the employee notice so that they can prepare their case
    • ", + "
  • carry out a full investigation if necessary and take statements from any witnesses who cannot attend
    • ", + "
  • make it clear that the employee can bring a colleague or union representative if they want to
    • ", + "
  • arrange for another manager to attend to make sure that the hearing is conducted properly
    • ", + "
  • arrange for someone to take notes
    • ", + "

    Delays

    ", + "

    If the employee cannot attend the hearing (eg because they are ill), offer them a reasonable alternative date and time.

    ", + "

    The employee can also suggest a different time for the hearing if the person accompanying them cannot attend. They must do this within 5 working days after you proposed the original meeting time.

    ", + "

    You can make your decision without having a hearing if:

    ", + "
  • you have already rearranged the meeting, but the employee fails to attend
    • ", + "
  • the employee is on long-term sick leave and unable to go to meetings in the near future (they can supply written information instead if they want to)
    • ", + "

    Employers' decisions and appeals

    ", + "

    After the hearing

    ", + "

    You should give the employee a copy of the meeting records. You may be able to leave out some information in certain circumstances (eg to protect a witness).

    ", + "

    After you have decided the action to take, write to the parties involved, setting out:

    ", + "
  • your decision and the reasons behind it
    • ", + "
  • the appeals process and deadline
    • ", + "

    If there are any delays during the appeal process, it\u2019s important that you tell the employee as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    If the employee appeals, there should be another hearing to re-examine the decision. The process is the same as the original hearing but you should also look at:

    ", + "
  • the reasoning behind the appeal
    • ", + "
  • any new evidence
    • ", + "

    If possible, the appeal should not be heard by the same person who held the original hearing.

    ", + "

    After the appeal hearing, you should set out your decision in writing and state that this is the final outcome.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Making staff redundant", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/staff-redundant", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Redundancy is when you dismiss an employee because you no longer need anyone to do their job. This might be because your business is:

    ", + "
  • changing what it does
    • ", + "
  • doing things in a different way, for example using new machinery
    • ", + "
  • changing location or closing down
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been impacted by coronavirus (COVID-19), you can get funding to continue to pay your employees instead of making them redundant. This is known as furloughing.

    ", + "

    For a redundancy to be genuine, you must demonstrate that the employee\u2019s job will no longer exist.

    ", + "

    Redundancies can be compulsory or non-compulsory. If you do have to make redundancies you can get help from Jobcentre Plus.

    ", + "

    Employee rights

    ", + "

    Employees have certain rights and may be entitled to redundancy pay if they\u2019re made redundant.

    ", + "

    All employees under notice of redundancy have the right to:

    ", + "
  • reasonable time off to look for a new job or arrange training
    • ", + "
  • not be unfairly selected for redundancy
    • ", + "

    You should always take steps to avoid redundancies before dismissing staff.

    ", + "

    Alternative employment

    ", + "

    Employers must try to find suitable alternative employment within the organisation for employees they\u2019ve made redundant.

    ", + "

    Employees can try out an alternative role for 4 weeks (or more if agreed in writing) without giving up their right to redundancy pay.

    ", + "

    Avoiding redundancies

    ", + "

    You should take steps to avoid compulsory redundancies, for example by:

    ", + "
  • seeking applicants for voluntary redundancy or early retirement
    • ", + "
  • seeking applications from existing staff to work flexibly
    • ", + "
  • laying off self-employed contractors, freelancers etc
    • ", + "
  • not using casual labour
    • ", + "
  • restricting recruitment
    • ", + "
  • reducing or banning overtime
    • ", + "
  • filling vacancies elsewhere in the business with existing employees
    • ", + "
  • short-time working or temporary lay-offs
    • ", + "

    Offers of alternative work

    ", + "

    Even if you\u2019ve selected someone for redundancy, you can still offer them alternative work.

    ", + "

    For an offer to be valid:

    ", + "
  • it should be unconditional and in writing
    • ", + "
  • it must be made before the employee\u2019s current contract ends
    • ", + "
  • it should show how the new job differs from the old
    • ", + "
  • the job must actually be offered to the employee - they should not have to apply
    • ", + "
  • the new job must start within 4 weeks of the old job ending
    • ", + "

    Employees who accept an offer of alternative work are allowed a 4-week trial period to see if the work is suitable. If you both agree that it is not, they can still claim redundancy pay.

    ", + "

    The trial period can be longer than 4 weeks if you agree this in writing.

    ", + "

    If you think the job is suitable but the employee refuses to take it, they might lose any redundancy pay entitlement.

    ", + "

    Lay-offs and short-time working

    ", + "

    You can lay off an employee (ask them to stay at home or take unpaid leave) when you temporarily cannot give them paid work - as long as the employment contract allows this.

    ", + "

    Short-time working is when an employee works reduced hours or is paid less than half a week\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    Laying off staff or short-time working can help avoid redundancies - but you have to agree this with staff first.

    ", + "

    This could be in:

    ", + "
  • their employment contract
    • ", + "
  • a national agreement for the industry
    • ", + "
  • a collective agreement between you and a recognised trade union
    • ", + "

    National and collective agreements can only be enforced if they\u2019re in the employee\u2019s employment contract.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to lay off an employee or put them on short-time working:

    ", + "
  • where you have clear evidence showing it\u2019s been widely accepted in your organisation over a long period of time
    • ", + "
  • if you agree with the employee to change their employment contract to allow them to be laid off or put on short-time working (this will not automatically give you the power to do this without their consent in the future)
    • ", + "

    Statutory guarantee payments

    ", + "

    Employees are entitled to these if you do not provide them with a full day\u2019s work during the time they\u2019d normally be required to work.

    ", + "

    The maximum payment is \u00a330 a day for 5 days (\u00a3150) in any 3 months. If employees usually earn less than \u00a330 a day, they\u2019ll get their usual daily rate. For part-time workers, the rate is worked out proportionally.

    ", + "

    Employees can claim a redundancy payment from you if the lay-off or short-time working runs for:

    ", + "
  • 4 or more weeks in a row
    • ", + "
  • 6 or more weeks in a 13 week period, where no more than 3 are in a row
    • ", + "

    They must give you written notice in advance that they want to make a claim.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay if they\u2019ll return to normal working hours within 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you do not give guarantee pay to someone who\u2019s entitled to it, they could take you to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more advice on lay-offs and short-time working on the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) website.

    ", + "

    Non-compulsory redundancy

    ", + "

    Voluntary redundancy

    ", + "

    This is where you ask employees if they\u2019d like to volunteer for redundancy.

    ", + "

    You must have a fair and transparent selection process and tell employees they will not automatically be selected just because they applied.

    ", + "

    Early retirement

    ", + "

    This is where you offer employees incentives to retire early. It is used as an alternative to voluntary redundancy.

    ", + "

    The offer must be made across the workforce - you cannot single out specific individuals.

    ", + "

    You cannot force anyone into early retirement - it must be the employee\u2019s choice.

    ", + "

    Compulsory redundancy

    ", + "

    If you decide you need to make compulsory redundancies, you must:

    ", + "
  • identify which employees will be made redundant
    • ", + "
  • make sure you select people fairly - do not discriminate
    • ", + "

    Fair selection criteria

    ", + "

    Fair reasons for selecting employees for redundancy include:

    ", + "
  • skills, qualifications and aptitude
    • ", + "
  • standard of work and/or performance
    • ", + "
  • attendance
    • ", + "
  • disciplinary record
    • ", + "

    You can select employees based on their length of service (\u2018last in, first out\u2019) but only if you can justify it. It could be indirect discrimination if it affects one group of people more than another.

    ", + "

    Do not rely on length of service as your only selection criteria - this is likely to be age discrimination.

    ", + "

    Unfair selection criteria

    ", + "

    Some selection criteria are automatically unfair. You must not select an employee for redundancy based on any of the following reasons:

    ", + "
  • pregnancy, including all reasons relating to maternity
    • ", + "
  • family, including parental leave, paternity leave (birth and adoption), adoption leave or time off for dependants
    • ", + "
  • acting as an employee representative
    • ", + "
  • acting as a trade union representative
    • ", + "
  • joining or not joining a trade union
    • ", + "
  • being a part-time or fixed-term employee
    • ", + "
  • age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, race, religion or belief, sex and sexual orientation
    • ", + "
  • pay and working hours, including the Working Time Regulations, annual leave and the National Minimum Wage
    • ", + "

    You should always consult employees in a redundancy situation.

    ", + "

    Redundancy consultations

    ", + "

    If you do not consult employees in a redundancy situation, any redundancies you make will almost certainly be unfair and you could be taken to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    You must follow \u2018collective consultation\u2019 rules if you\u2019re making 20 or more employees redundant within any 90-day period at a single establishment.

    ", + "

    There are no set rules to follow if there are fewer than 20 redundancies planned, but it\u2019s good practice to fully consult employees and their representatives. An employment tribunal could decide that you\u2019ve dismissed your staff unfairly if you do not.

    ", + "

    Consultation does not have to end in agreement, but it must be carried out with a view to reaching it, including ways of avoiding or reducing the redundancies.

    ", + "

    Collective consultation

    ", + "

    Follow these steps.

    ", + "
  • You must notify the Redundancy Payments Service (RPS) before a consultation starts. The deadline depends on the number of proposed redundancies.
    • ", + "
  • Consult with trade union representatives or elected employee representatives - or with staff directly if there are none.
    • ", + "
  • Provide information to representatives or staff about the planned redundancies, giving representatives or staff enough time to consider them.
    • ", + "
  • Respond to any requests for further information.
    • ", + "
  • Give any affected staff termination notices showing the agreed leaving date.
    • ", + "
  • Issue redundancy notices once the consultation is complete.
    • ", + "

    Notification

    ", + "

    Notify RPS by filling in form HR1. Instructions on where to send it are on the form.

    ", + "

    The deadline for notifying RPS depends on the number of proposed redundancies.

    ", + "Number of proposed redundancies | When notification to RPS must be given", + "20 to 99 | 30 days before the first redundancy", + "100 or more | 45 days before the first redundancy", + "

    You can be fined an unlimited amount if you do not notify RPS.

    ", + "

    Consultation

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no time limit on how long consultations last, but there is a minimum period before you can dismiss any employees.

    ", + "Number of proposed redundancies | Minimum consultation period before dismissal", + "20 to 99 | 30 days", + "100 or more | 45 days", + "

    Information you must provide to representatives or staff

    ", + "

    You must provide written details of:

    ", + "
  • the reasons for redundancies
    • ", + "
  • the numbers and categories of employees involved
    • ", + "
  • the numbers of employees in each category
    • ", + "
  • how you plan to select employees for redundancy
    • ", + "
  • how you\u2019ll carry out redundancies
    • ", + "
  • how you\u2019ll work out redundancy payments
    • ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Download the guidance on how to manage collective redundancies from Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas).

    ", + "

    Giving staff notice

    ", + "

    You must give staff notice and agree a leaving date once you\u2019ve finished the redundancy consultations.

    ", + "

    Give staff at least the statutory notice period, based on how long they have worked.

    ", + "Length of service | Notice you must give", + "1 month to 2 years | At least a week", + "2 years to 12 years | A week\u2019s notice for every year employed", + "12 or more years | 12 weeks", + "

    You can allow staff to leave earlier than the planned leaving date (for example without notice) by offering payment in lieu of notice.

    ", + "

    Notice pay

    ", + "

    You must give staff notice pay - based on their pay rate and notice period - or make a payment in lieu of notice.

    ", + "

    Your employee\u2019s notice pay is based on the average they earned per week over the 12 weeks before their notice period starts.

    ", + "

    If your employee earned less than usual because you used the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme to put them \u2018on furlough\u2019, you must work out their notice payments based on what they would have earned normally.

    ", + "

    Pay in lieu of notice

    ", + "

    If you have included a payment in lieu of notice clause in the employment contract, you can end your staff\u2019s employment with no notice. This lets you make a payment to cover the notice period they would have worked.

    ", + "

    These payments must have tax and National Insurance deducted.

    ", + "

    When you make payments in lieu of notice, you still have to pay staff the basic pay they would have got during the notice period. You also have to pay pension, private health care insurance or other contributions if it\u2019s in the employee\u2019s contract.

    ", + "

    Redundancy pay

    ", + "

    Employees you make redundant might be entitled to redundancy pay - this is called a \u2018statutory redundancy payment\u2019.

    ", + "

    To be eligible, an individual must:

    ", + "
  • be an employee working under a contract of employment
    • ", + "
  • have at least 2 years\u2019 continuous service
    • ", + "
  • have been dismissed, laid off or put on short-time working - those who opted for early retirement do not qualify
    • ", + "

    You must make the payment when you dismiss the employee, or soon after.

    ", + "

    A redundant employee also has the right to a written statement setting out the amount of redundancy payment and how you worked it out.

    ", + "

    Statutory redundancy pay rates

    ", + "

    These are based on an employee\u2019s age and length of employment and are counted back from the date of dismissal.

    ", + "

    Employees get:

    ", + "
  • 1.5 weeks\u2019 pay for each full year of employment after their 41st birthday
    • ", + "
  • a week\u2019s pay for each full year of employment after their 22nd birthday
    • ", + "
  • half a week\u2019s pay for each full year of employment up to their 22nd birthday
    • ", + "

    Length of service is capped at 20 years.

    ", + "

    Your employee\u2019s weekly pay is the average they earned per week over the 12 weeks before the day they got their redundancy notice.

    ", + "

    If your employee earned less than usual because you used the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme to put them \u2018on furlough\u2019, you must work out their redundancy payments based on what they would have earned normally.

    ", + "

    Weekly pay is capped at \u00a3544. The maximum amount of statutory redundancy pay is \u00a316,320.

    ", + "

    Statutory redundancy pay rates may be different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You can give your staff extra redundancy pay if you want to, or have a qualifying period of less than 2 years.

    ", + "

    You can use the redundancy pay calculator to work out payments.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay

    ", + "

    If you fail to pay redundancy pay or if an employee disagrees with the amount, they have 3 months from the date their employment ended to make a claim for payment to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    If an employee does not claim in time, a tribunal still has 6 months to decide whether or not they should get a payment.

    ", + "

    If you have financial difficulties

    ", + "

    If your business would become insolvent as a result of making the statutory redundancy payments, the Insolvency Service\u2019s Redundancy Payments Service (RPS) may be able to help.

    ", + "

    You\u2019d have to repay any debt as soon as possible. Email the Redundancy Payments Service for more information. Include all of the following in your email:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re the employer
    • ", + "
  • whether you should be the main point of contact
    • ", + "
  • the name of your business
    • ", + "
  • your business address
    • ", + "
  • number of redundancies
    • ", + "

    Tax

    ", + "

    Employees who\u2019ve been made redundant only pay tax on payments over \u00a330,000. They do not pay any National Insurance.

    ", + "

    Tax and National Insurance are deducted from other termination payments, for example payment in lieu of holiday or notice.

    ", + "

    Getting help

    ", + "

    If you have to make redundancies, Jobcentre Plus can give you and your employees support and advice through its Rapid Response Service.

    ", + "

    Support could include:

    ", + "
  • helping people facing redundancy to write CVs and find jobs
    • ", + "
  • providing general information about benefits
    • ", + "
  • helping people to find the right training and learn new skills
    • ", + "
  • helping with costs like travel to work expenses
    • ", + "

    Jobcentre Plus may also provide on-site support for large scale redundancies.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, Rapid Response Service support is delivered through Partnership Action for Continuing Employment (PACE) - there\u2019s more information on the Skills Development Scotland website.

    ", + "

    In Wales, the service is delivered by the ReAct scheme.

    ", + "

    Acas has an online redundancy helpline.

    ", + "

    How to get help

    ", + "

    To find out how your business can use the Rapid Response Service, email rrs.enquiries@dwp.gov.uk and include:

    ", + "
  • your contact details
    • ", + "
  • the town(s) your business is based in (including postcodes)
    • ", + "
  • the location(s) of the redundancies
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Solve a workplace dispute", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/solve-workplace-dispute", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Problems with your employer usually fall into one of two categories:

    ", + "
  • grievances - when you raise your concerns, problems or complaints with your employer
    • ", + "
  • disciplinaries - when your employer has concerns about your work, conduct or absence
    • ", + "

    Explain your concern to your manager to see if you can sort out any problems informally. You may find it helpful to suggest what you would like them to do to solve your problem.

    ", + "

    Your employer should discuss any disciplinary issues with you informally first. These issues could lead to formal disciplinary action, including dismissal in more serious or repetitive cases.

    ", + "

    Right to be accompanied

    ", + "

    You have the right to be accompanied to grievance or disciplinary meetings (and any appeals) by either a:

    ", + "
  • colleague or trade union representative
    • ", + "
  • family member or Citizens Advice Bureau worker if this allowed - check your employment contract, company handbook or human resources intranet site
    • ", + "

    Formal procedures

    ", + "

    You can make a formal grievance complaint or face formal disciplinary action if you were not able to resolve your problem informally.

    ", + "

    Grievances

    ", + "

    You can make a formal grievance complaint if you\u2019ve tried solving a problem by talking to your manager but you\u2019re not satisfied.

    ", + "

    Your employer should put their grievance procedure in writing. You should be able to find this in your:

    ", + "
  • company handbook
    • ", + "
  • human resources (HR) or personnel manual
    • ", + "
  • HR intranet site
    • ", + "
  • employment contract
    • ", + "

    Your employer\u2019s grievance procedure should include these steps:

    ", + "
  • writing a letter to your employer setting out the details of your grievance
    • ", + "
  • a meeting with your employer to discuss the issue
    • ", + "
  • the ability to appeal your employer\u2019s decision
    • ", + "

    Read the Acas guide on discipline and grievances at work for more information.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary action

    ", + "

    You might face disciplinary action if your employer has decided they have a serious issue with you or your work.

    ", + "

    Your employer should put their disciplinary procedure in writing and it should contain:

    ", + "
  • your employer\u2019s disciplinary procedure rules
    • ", + "
  • what performance and behaviour might lead to disciplinary action
    • ", + "
  • what action your employer might take and your right to appeal
    • ", + "

    Read the Acas guide on discipline and grievances at work for more information.

    ", + "

    Suspension from work

    ", + "

    If you are facing discipline over a serious issue, your employer may be able to suspend you during the time leading up to a disciplinary meeting.

    ", + "

    Check your employment contract, company handbook or HR intranet site to see if you\u2019re entitled to be paid when suspended.

    ", + "

    Using the Acas Code of Practice

    ", + "

    The result of your claim could be affected if either you or your employer do not follow the Acas Code of Practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures and you go to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    In this situation a tribunal can adjust the amount of compensation awarded by up to 25%.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can appeal the result of a grievance or disciplinary procedure. Your appeal must be in writing.

    ", + "

    Appeals procedure

    ", + "

    Your employer\u2019s grievance and disciplinary procedures will set out:

    ", + "
  • who you should submit your appeal to
    • ", + "
  • the time limit within which an appeal must be made
    • ", + "
  • any meetings that will be held
    • ", + "
  • how the appeal meeting will be run
    • ", + "

    You have the right to be accompanied during any appeal meetings.

    ", + "

    Mediation, conciliation and arbitration

    ", + "

    You can get help from a third-party to solve disputes between you and your employer. The main ways you can do this are through:

    ", + "
  • mediation
    • ", + "
  • conciliation
    • ", + "
  • arbitration
    • ", + "

    Mediation

    ", + "

    Mediation is when an independent and impartial third party discusses a problem with you and your employer (or between you and another employee) to try and find a solution. It\u2019s often used after informal discussions have not come up with a solution.

    ", + "

    Mediation is voluntary and the mediator cannot force you or your employer to accept a solution. Both you and your employer must agree on the way to solve the dispute.

    ", + "

    Mediation should not be used to solve problems that have to be formally investigated (for example, harassment or discrimination).

    ", + "

    You can also find a mediation service.

    ", + "

    Read the Acas guide on mediation for more information.

    ", + "

    Conciliation

    ", + "

    Conciliation is similar to mediation but is normally used when:

    ", + "
  • you believe you may be entitled to make a claim to an employment tribunal
    • ", + "
  • you have already made a claim to an employment tribunal
    • ", + "

    Conciliation is voluntary - both you and your employer must agree to it before it happens.

    ", + "

    Acas can offer a free service to help to settle a claim or potential claim.

    ", + "

    Read the Acas guide on conciliation for more information.

    ", + "

    Arbitration

    ", + "

    Arbitration is when a third-party makes a firm decision on a case after considering all the issues.

    ", + "

    You and your employer must agree to an arbitrator\u2019s decision being legally binding. If you do not agree, you can still take a case to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    Read the Acas guide on arbitration for more information.

    ", + "

    Tribunals

    ", + "

    If you have been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you may have to go to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    At the tribunal, you and your employer will present your cases, answer questions and the tribunal will make a decision.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Call Acas, contact Citizen\u2019s Advice or speak to your trade union or staff representative for help and advice.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Taking disciplinary action against an employee", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-disciplinary-action", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You should have written disciplinary rules and procedures to deal with employee performance and conduct and you must tell your staff about them.

    ", + "

    Your rules must say what is acceptable and unacceptable behaviour in the workplace and what action you will take if the rules are broken.

    ", + "

    The rules should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures.

    ", + "

    Not following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.

    ", + "

    Acas guide to discipline and grievances

    ", + "

    The Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work gives more information for employers about taking disciplinary action.

    ", + "

    Acas Helpline

    ", + "

    The Acas Helpline has further advice on disciplinary issues.

    ", + "

    Practical training courses

    ", + "

    Acas also runs practical training courses on workplace discipline.

    ", + "

    Writing disciplinary proceedings

    ", + "

    Your disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.

    ", + "

    Not following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.

    ", + "

    The exact rules will depend on your organisation, but could cover things like:

    ", + "
  • acceptable and unacceptable behaviour
    • ", + "
  • absence and timekeeping
    • ", + "
  • health and safety
    • ", + "
  • use of phones and the internet
    • ", + "

    You cannot normally discipline or dismiss an employee for whistleblowing.

    ", + "

    Gross misconduct

    ", + "

    Your disciplinary rules should give examples of what will be treated as gross misconduct. This is misconduct judged so serious that it\u2019s likely to lead to dismissal without notice, for example fraud, theft and physical violence.

    ", + "

    Telling employees about disciplinary rules

    ", + "

    Your disciplinary rules must be in your statement of employment or clearly written elsewhere, such as in a staff handbook.

    ", + "

    The rules should clearly say when someone might face disciplinary action and what that action could be.

    ", + "

    You must also give the name of someone they should appeal to if they\u2019re unhappy about a disciplinary decision.

    ", + "

    If you do not provide this information and an employee then wins an employment tribunal claim against you, they could be awarded 2 to 4 weeks\u2019 pay.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary procedures and contracts

    ", + "

    If you make your disciplinary procedures part of an employment contract then the employee could make a breach of contract claim against you if you do not follow your procedures.

    ", + "

    Example letters and forms

    ", + "

    Acas has a number of sample letters and forms for disciplinary proceedings on its website.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary investigations and hearings

    ", + "

    The law does not say exactly how you should investigate disciplinary issues or hold disciplinary meetings.

    ", + "

    However, the Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work has lots of practical advice about running disciplinary proceedings professionally and fairly.

    ", + "

    The suggested disciplinary process

    ", + "

    The Acas guidance suggests that your disciplinary process should follow the following format:

    ", + "
  • A letter telling your employee the issue and inviting them to a disciplinary hearing.
    • ", + "
  • A meeting with your employee to discuss the issue - they should have the right to be accompanied.
    • ", + "
  • A letter to your employee saying what action you are going to take. This should be sent as soon as practically possible.
    • ", + "
  • Your employee should than have a chance to appeal your decision.
    • ", + "

    Disciplinary decisions

    ", + "

    Disciplinary decisions could be anything that could resolve the problem.

    ", + "

    This could include:

    ", + "
  • no action
    • ", + "
  • written warning
    • ", + "
  • final warning
    • ", + "
  • demotion
    • ", + "
  • dismissal
    • ", + "
  • mediation with a co-worker
    • ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    An employee has the right to appeal against a decision made after a disciplinary hearing.

    ", + "

    You should tell them about this when you give them written notice of your decision, and should give them a deadline to tell you they want to appeal.

    ", + "

    Your employee\u2019s statement of terms and conditions of employment must legally include the person they can apply to if they want to appeal a disciplinary decision. It must also explain how to do this.

    ", + "

    If the employee does decide to appeal, you should try to hold the appeal hearing as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    You should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures when dealing with appeals. Otherwise, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you their award could be higher.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Whistleblowing for employees", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/whistleblowing", + "contents": [ + "

    What is a whistleblower

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a whistleblower if you\u2019re a worker and you report certain types of wrongdoing. This will usually be something you\u2019ve seen at work - though not always.

    ", + "

    The wrongdoing you disclose must be in the public interest. This means it must affect others, for example the general public.

    ", + "

    As a whistleblower you\u2019re protected by law - you should not be treated unfairly or lose your job because you \u2018blow the whistle\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can raise your concern at any time about an incident that happened in the past, is happening now, or you believe will happen in the near future.

    ", + "

    Who is protected by law

    ", + "

    You\u2019re protected if you\u2019re a worker, for example you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an employee, such as a police officer, NHS employee, office worker, factory worker
    • ", + "
  • a trainee, such as a student nurse
    • ", + "
  • an agency worker
    • ", + "
  • a member of a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)
    • ", + "

    Get independent advice if you\u2019re not sure you\u2019re protected, for example from Citizens\u2019 Advice.

    ", + "

    A confidentiality clause or \u2018gagging clause\u2019 in a settlement agreement is not valid if you\u2019re a whistleblower.

    ", + "

    Complaints that count as whistleblowing

    ", + "

    You\u2019re protected by law if you report any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a criminal offence, for example fraud
    • ", + "
  • someone\u2019s health and safety is in danger
    • ", + "
  • risk or actual damage to the environment
    • ", + "
  • a miscarriage of justice
    • ", + "
  • the company is breaking the law, for example does not have the right insurance
    • ", + "
  • you believe someone is covering up wrongdoing
    • ", + "

    Complaints that do not count as whistleblowing

    ", + "

    Personal grievances (for example bullying, harassment, discrimination) are not covered by whistleblowing law, unless your particular case is in the public interest.

    ", + "

    Report these under your employer\u2019s grievance policy.

    ", + "

    Contact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) for help and advice on resolving a workplace dispute.

    ", + "

    Who to tell and what to expect

    ", + "

    You can tell your employer - they may have a whistleblowing policy that tells you what to expect if you report your concern to them. You can still report your concern to them if they do not have a policy.

    ", + "

    There are other options if you do not want to report your concern to your employer, for example you can get legal advice from a lawyer, or tell a prescribed person or body.

    ", + "

    If you tell a prescribed person or body, it must be one that deals with the issue you\u2019re raising, for example a disclosure about wrongdoing in a care home can be made to the Care Quality Commission.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different whistleblowing process in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Making your claim anonymously or confidentially

    ", + "

    You can tell your employer or a prescribed person anonymously but they may not be able to take the claim further if you have not provided all the information they need.

    ", + "

    You can give your name but request confidentiality - the person or body you tell should make every effort to protect your identity.

    ", + "

    If you report your concern to the media, in most cases you\u2019ll lose your whistleblowing law rights.

    ", + "

    What your employer or a prescribed person will do

    ", + "

    Your employer or the prescribed person will listen to your concern and decide if any action is needed. You may be asked for further information.

    ", + "

    You must say straight away if you do not want anyone else to know it was you who raised the concern.

    ", + "

    You will not have a say in how your concern is dealt with.

    ", + "

    Your employer or the prescribed person can keep you informed about the action they\u2019ve taken, but they cannot give you much detail if they have to keep the confidence of other people.

    ", + "

    A prescribed person cannot help you with your relationship with your employer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not satisfied with how your employer dealt with your concern

    ", + "

    Tell someone else (for example a more senior member of staff) or a prescribed person or body if you believe your concern was not taken seriously or the wrongdoing is still going on.

    ", + "

    Contact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas), the whistleblowing charity Protect or your trade union for more guidance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re treated unfairly after whistleblowing

    ", + "

    You can take a case to an employment tribunal if you\u2019ve been treated unfairly because you\u2019ve blown the whistle.

    ", + "

    You can get further information from the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas), Citizens\u2019 Advice, the whistleblowing charity Protect or your trade union.

    ", + "

    If you reported your concern anonymously, you may find it harder to argue that your unfair treatment was as a result of your whistleblowing.

    ", + "

    You must raise any claim of unfair dismissal within 3 months of your employment ending.

    ", + "

    You must notify Acas if you want to take your case to an employment tribunal.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Health and safety on ships", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-on-ships", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Operators of seagoing ships or small commercial vessels must protect the health and safety of workers by:

    ", + "
  • following safety standards and codes of practice
    • ", + "
  • ensuring the safety of machinery and equipment
    • ", + "
  • making sure the vessel is safely manned and all workers have the necessary qualifications
    • ", + "
  • having the right emergency procedures and equipment
    • ", + "
  • providing health protection and medical care
    • ", + "
  • doing regular risk assessments
    • ", + "
  • supplying necessary protective clothing and equipment
    • ", + "
  • monitoring maritime safety information broadcasts
    • ", + "
  • consulting with workers or their representatives on health and safety matters
    • ", + "

    Providing health and safety training

    ", + "

    Workers must get basic health and safety training. There\u2019s more information on what this covers on the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) website.

    ", + "

    Written health and safety policy

    ", + "

    The ship must must have a policy that sets out how health and safety will be managed. Read guidance on writing a health and safety policy.

    ", + "

    Risk assessments

    ", + "

    Regular risk assessments must be carried out to see how accidents, injuries or illnesses could be caused on the ship and what can be done to reduce the chances of them happening.

    ", + "

    Risk assessments must be reviewed every year and whenever there are significant changes to either the ship or working activities.

    ", + "

    Read chapter 1 of the \u2018Code of safe working practices for merchant seafarers 2018\u2019 for the basic requirements for risk assessments on board ships.

    ", + "

    Read the \u2018Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Health and Safety at Work) Regulations 1997\u2019 for the requirements for risk assessments on merchant ships.

    ", + "

    Safe working practices

    ", + "

    Code of safe working practices

    ", + "

    By law, up-to-date copies of the \u2018Code of safe working practices for merchant seamen\u2019 must be carried on a UK ship that\u2019s not a fishing boat or pleasure craft.

    ", + "

    A copy of the code must be available to any seaman who requests it.

    ", + "

    The \u2018Code of safe working practices for merchant seamen (Consolidated edition 2011)\u2019 is available to buy from The Stationery Office.

    ", + "

    Read the \u2018Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Health and Safety at Work) Regulations 1997\u2019 for safety standards and requirements for merchant ships.

    ", + "

    Safety signs

    ", + "

    Certain health and safety signs must be displayed on ships, such as emergency escape signs or danger warning signs. Signs must meet legal requirements if they\u2019re permanently displayed.

    ", + "

    Read the \u2018Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 2001\u2019 to find out how and where safety signs and signals must be displayed.

    ", + "

    \u2018Permit to work\u2019

    ", + "

    The \u2018permit to work\u2019 system reduces the risk of accidents on board ship. Under this system, seafarers must get written permission from a senior officer before they can perform hazardous tasks, like:

    ", + "
  • working aloft and outboard
    • ", + "
  • working with boilers
    • ", + "
  • \u2018hot work\u2019 (work which could result in the ignition of flammable material, for example welding)
    • ", + "
  • working in unmanned machinery spaces
    • ", + "
  • entry into enclosed spaces
    • ", + "
  • electrical testing
    • ", + "

    Read about using \u2018permit to work\u2019 schemes to test electrical systems.

    ", + "

    Read \u2018Safety Preparations Prior to Machinery Maintenance\u2019 to find out how to prepare for doing maintenance on machinery on ships.

    ", + "

    \u2018Permit to work\u2019 templates

    ", + "

    Protective equipment

    ", + "

    Workers must be given suitable protective equipment if performing dangerous tasks.

    ", + "

    You should only use protective equipment when risks cannot be avoided or reduced to an acceptable level by safe working practices. This equipment should:

    ", + "
  • meet the required standards
    • ", + "
  • be a correct fit for the worker or adjustable
    • ", + "
  • be compatible with any other equipment the worker has to use
    • ", + "
  • be easily accessible, properly stored and maintained
    • ", + "
  • be provided free of charge (unless it\u2019s also used outside the workplace)
    • ", + "

    Read the \u2018Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels Personal Protective Equipment Regulations\u2019 to find out about personal protective equipment.

    ", + "

    Noise and vibration

    ", + "

    Risk assessments must be carried out to identify who is at risk from noise or vibration on a ship and what can be done to reduce or remove these risks.

    ", + "

    Workers must be told about:

    ", + "
  • the nature of noise or vibration risks
    • ", + "
  • how to eliminate or reduce the risks from noise or vibration
    • ", + "
  • the correct use of any protective equipment
    • ", + "
  • how to detect and report signs of injury
    • ", + "

    The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) provides information on controlling the risks of noise and vibration at sea.

    ", + "

    Read the:

    ", + "
  • code of practice for controlling risks due to noise and vibration on ships
    • ", + "
  • guidance on mitigating against the effects of shocks and impacts on small vessels
    • ", + "

    You may be able to get an exemption from the noise and vibration requirements.

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for an exemption from the:

    ", + "
  • control of vibration at work regulations
    • ", + "
  • control of noise at work regulations
    • ", + "

    Small commercial vessels

    ", + "

    Small commercial vessels must have safety measures in place for workers, such as:

    ", + "
  • bulwarks, guardrails or wire around the working deck to stop people falling overboard
    • ", + "
  • safety harnesses for anyone working on deck
    • ", + "
  • a means of securing the lifelines of safety harnesses
    • ", + "
  • non-slip deck surfaces
    • ", + "

    Smaller commercial vessels (under 24 metres) must comply with the \u2018Small commercial vessels codes\u2019 to ensure the health and safety of workers on board.

    ", + "

    Seagoing passenger vessels

    ", + "

    Domestic passenger ships

    ", + "

    Seagoing domestic passenger ships, for example ferries, must meet minimum safety requirements regarding:

    ", + "
  • general safety management policies
    • ", + "
  • manning levels
    • ", + "
  • proper and stable construction
    • ", + "
  • carriage of safety equipment
    • ", + "
  • pollution prevention
    • ", + "

    A passenger ship is a ship of any description that carries more than 12 passengers. There are various safety standards for seagoing passenger ships. Local Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Marine Offices have more information on these standards.

    ", + "

    International passenger ships

    ", + "

    Passenger ships which operate internationally must follow international conventions, such as the:

    ", + "
  • International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
    • ", + "
  • International Convention on Load Lines
    • ", + "
  • International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
    • ", + "

    Local MCA Marine Offices have information on which safety standards apply.

    ", + "

    Safety on vessels on inland waters

    ", + "

    Passenger vessels operating on inland waters - like estuaries, lakes and rivers and canals - must follow safety standards and requirements.

    ", + "

    Inland waters or inland waterways are known legally as \u2018categorised waters\u2019. These waters are defined and listed in Merchant Shipping Notice (MSN) 1827 (as amended) Categorisation of Waters.

    ", + "

    A passenger ship is a vessel that carries more than 12 passengers.

    ", + "

    The rules for passenger ships built since April 2010, and operating in UK categorised waters are in \u2018Merchant Shipping Notice 1823 (M) - Safety Code for Passenger Ships Operating Solely in UK Categorised Waters\u2019.

    ", + "

    The rules for older passenger ships are covered by several different sets of regulations. Contact the local Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Marine Office for details.

    ", + "

    Vessels that carry no more than 12 passengers

    ", + "

    Safety standards and best practice guidance for these vessels are set out in the Inland Waters Small Passenger Boat Code.

    ", + "

    Marine engineering

    ", + "

    Marine engineering involves the design, construction, installation, and operation of systems and equipment that help to move and control ships. Safety measures must be in place for any crew members using or maintaining marine engineering equipment, such as:

    ", + "
  • switchboards and computerised equipment
    • ", + "
  • machinery installations
    • ", + "
  • boilers and emergency equipment
    • ", + "

    The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) provides information on the safe installation and use of marine engineering.

    ", + "

    Fire prevention

    ", + "

    The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) provides information on requirements for fire protection, fire detection and fire extinction on board ships.

    ", + "

    The rules depend on the size of the ship.

    ", + "

    Requirements for large ships are in the Merchant Shipping (Fire Protection: Large Ships) Regulations 1998.

    ", + "

    Requirements for small ships are in the Merchant Shipping (Fire Protection: Small Ships) Regulations 1998.

    ", + "

    You should also read the Merchant Shipping (Fire Protection) Regulations 2003 \u2013 it includes amendments to the regulations for large and small ships.

    ", + "

    Contact the MCA to find out more about fire prevention and detection at sea.

    ", + "

    Safety in ports

    ", + "

    Health and safety measures must be in place to ensure the safety of workers while in a port.

    ", + "

    There is a range of publications and guidance on health and safety in ports on the Health and Safety Executive website.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Employment Allowance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance", + "contents": [ + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Employment Allowance allows eligible employers to reduce their annual National Insurance liability by up to \u00a34,000.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay less employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance each time you run your payroll until the \u00a34,000 has gone or the tax year ends (whichever is sooner).

    ", + "

    You can only claim against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability up to a maximum of \u00a34,000 each tax year. You can still claim the allowance if your liability was less than \u00a34,000 a year.

    ", + "

    Check if you're eligible

    ", + "

    You can claim Employment Allowance if you\u2019re a business or charity (including community amateur sports clubs) and your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities were less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year.

    ", + "

    You can also claim if you employ a care or support worker.

    ", + "

    You can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year. Some of the rules for claiming are different.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re part of a group

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re part of a group of charities or companies (also known as connected companies), the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for the group must be less than \u00a3100,000.

    ", + "

    Only one company in the group can claim the allowance.

    ", + "

    If you have more than one payroll

    ", + "

    If you have or had more than one employer PAYE reference, the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for your combined payrolls must be less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year

    ", + "

    You can only claim Employment Allowance against one of the payrolls.

    ", + "

    Off-payroll salary payments

    ", + "

    Do not include employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities on payments you make to off-payroll workers in your calculations. These are known as deemed payments. They do not count towards the \u00a3100,000 threshold.

    ", + "

    Check if de minimis state aid rules apply to you

    ", + "

    If you make or sell goods or services, Employment Allowance counts as \u2018de minimis state aid\u2019. There\u2019s a limit to how much de minimis state aid you can get.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • check that you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold
    • ", + "
  • work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received
    • ", + "

    You must do this even if you do not make a profit.

    ", + "

    You do not have to do this if you do not make or sell goods or services, for example you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold

    ", + "

    Employment Allowance counts towards the total de minimis state aid you\u2019re allowed to get over a 3 year period.

    ", + "

    You must make sure you will not exceed the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.

    ", + "

    De minimis state aid and the relevant thresholds are worked out in euros.

    ", + "Sector | De minimis state aid threshold over 3 years", + "Agriculture products sector | \u20ac20,000", + "Fisheries and aquaculture sector | \u20ac30,000", + "Road freight transport sector | \u20ac100,000", + "Industrial sector\u202f\u202f/ other | \u20ac200,000", + "

    Work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received

    ", + "
  • Check if you\u2019ve received any de minimis state aid - if so, you should have been told in writing.
    • ", + "
  • Add the total amount of de minimis state aid that you\u2019ve received or been allocated for the current and past 2 tax years.
    • ", + "
  • Add this to the full amount of Employment Allowance for the year you\u2019re claiming for. You\u2019ll need to convert this into euros using the exchange rate for the end of the previous tax year. If you\u2019re claiming for 2020 to 2021, you\u2019ll need to use the exchange rate on 30 March 2020: \u00a31 to \u20ac1.1249.
    • ", + "
  • If the total is below the threshold for your sector, you\u2019re eligible to make a claim.
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a connected company, the total de minimis state aid for all of the companies in the group must be below the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if your business covers more than one sector.

    ", + "

    Who cannot claim Employment Allowance

    ", + "

    You cannot claim if you\u2019re a public body or business doing more than half your work in the public sector (such as local councils and NHS services) - unless you\u2019re a charity.

    ", + "

    You also cannot claim if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a company with only one employee paid above the Class 1 National Insurance secondary threshold
    • ", + "
  • the employee is also a director of the company
    • ", + "

    Certain employees cannot be included in your claim, such as:

    ", + "
  • someone whose earnings are within IR35 \u2018off-payroll working rules\u2019
    • ", + "
  • someone you employ for personal, household or domestic work (like a nanny or gardener) - unless they\u2019re a care or support worker
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    How you claim depends on whether you use your own payroll software or HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE tools.

    ", + "

    If you use your own software

    ", + "

    To claim through your payroll software, put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field next time you send an Employment Payment Summary (EPS) to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    If your payroll software does not have an Employment Payment Summary field, you can use Basic PAYE Tools.

    ", + "

    Select your business sector under \u2018de minimis state aid rules\u2019

    ", + "

    You must select the business sectors that apply to you, even if you do not make a profit.

    ", + "

    Most businesses will need to select the \u2018Industrial/other\u2019 category, for example a hair salon or restaurant.

    ", + "

    If you do not make or sell goods or services, choose \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019. For example if you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.

    ", + "

    If you use HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools

    ", + "
  • Select the correct name in the \u2018Employer\u2019 menu on the home page.
    • ", + "
  • Select \u2018Change employer details\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Select \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field.
    • ", + "
  • Answer \u2018Yes\u2019 to the \u2018Do state aid rules apply?\u2019 question if you sell goods or services. Select the business sectors that apply to you. Otherwise, answer \u2018No\u2019 and select \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Send your EPS as normal.
    • ", + "

    Stopping your claim

    ", + "

    If you stop being eligible, select \u2018No\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field in your next EPS.

    ", + "

    Do not select \u2018No\u2019 just because:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve reached the \u00a34,000 limit before the end of the tax year - this does not make you ineligible
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re no longer employing anyone - this allowance will stop at the end of the tax year
    • ", + "

    If you stop your claim before the end of the tax year (5 April), any allowance you\u2019ve been given that year will be removed. You\u2019ll have to pay any employers\u2019 (secondary) Class 1 National Insurance due as a result.

    ", + "

    When to claim

    ", + "

    You need to claim Employment Allowance every tax year.

    ", + "

    You can claim at any time in the tax year, but the earlier you claim the sooner you will get the allowance.

    ", + "

    If you claim late and do not use your Employment Allowance against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities, you\u2019ll have to ask HMRC to do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • use any unclaimed allowance at the end of the year to pay any tax or National Insurance you owe (including VAT and Corporation Tax if you do not owe anything on your PAYE bill)
    • ", + "
  • give you a refund after the end of the tax year if you do not owe anything
    • ", + "

    You can see how much Employment Allowance you\u2019ve used in your HMRC online account.

    ", + "

    Claiming for past years

    ", + "

    You can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years, dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year.

    ", + "

    To claim for past years, it does not matter how much your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability was or how much de minimis state aid you received.

    ", + "

    The thresholds for employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance and de minimis state aid do not apply.

    ", + "

    Employment allowance was \u00a33,000 each year between April 2016 and April 2020.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Read \u2018Claiming Employment Allowance: further employer guidance\u2019 for more information.

    ", + "

    After you've made a claim

    ", + "

    You can begin using your Employment Allowance as soon you submit your claim.

    ", + "

    HMRC will not send you a confirmation letter for your Employment Allowance.

    ", + "

    If your claim is rejected, you will receive an automated message from HMRC within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You may need to tell HMRC if last year\u2019s employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities included deemed payments, taking you over the \u00a3100,000 threshold.

    ", + "

    When your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid

    ", + "

    If you have selected a business sector in your claim, HMRC will send a letter stating that your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid.

    ", + "

    You must keep this letter as you may need it if you apply for other de minimis state aid.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Find payroll software", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-software", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you decide to run payroll yourself, you need payroll software to report to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). The software will help you with tasks like:

    ", + "
  • recording your employees\u2019 details
    • ", + "
  • working out your employees\u2019 pay and deductions
    • ", + "
  • reporting payroll information to HMRC
    • ", + "
  • working out how much you need to pay HMRC
    • ", + "
  • calculating statutory pay, for example maternity or sick pay
    • ", + "

    HMRC-recognised software

    ", + "

    HMRC tests payroll software to check it can report PAYE information online and in real time (RTI).

    ", + "

    You can choose from free payroll software (if you have fewer than 10 employees) and paid-for software that has been tested and recognised by HMRC.

    ", + "

    You should consider which features you need. For example, some software will not let you:

    ", + "
  • produce payslips
    • ", + "
  • record pension deductions
    • ", + "
  • make pension payments
    • ", + "
  • pay different people over different periods (for example both weekly and monthly)
    • ", + "
  • send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) report or Earlier Year Update (EYU) to HMRC
    • ", + "

    HMRC cannot recommend one software product or service over another and is not responsible for any problems you have with software that you\u2019ve bought.

    ", + "

    Free software

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has tested and recognised this free payroll software for businesses with fewer than 10 employees.

    ", + "

    You should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features.

    ", + "Supplier | Product(s)", + "1 2 Cloud Payroll | Free Cloud Payroll, Free Cloud Bureau Payroll", + "12Pay | Express", + "Accentra Technologies | Primo Payroll with Auto Enrolment (up to 10 employees)", + "Capium | Capium Payroll (up to 3 employees)", + "EnrolPay | Small Payroll", + "Hartigan Software Design | RTI Lite", + "HMRC | Basic PAYE Tools", + "IRIS Software | IRIS Payroll Basics", + "Kashflow | Kashflow Payroll", + "Shape Payroll | Shape Payroll (up to 3 employees)", + "Stansoft | Stansoft Linux", + "

    Paid-for software

    ", + "

    The following suppliers produce payroll software that has been tested and recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features.

    ", + "Supplier | Product(s) | ", + "1 2 Cloud Payroll | Cloud Payroll with Mobile App | ", + "12efile | RTI E-FILING Specialist, Professional P11D | ", + "12Pay | 12Pay Payroll - Premium, Bureau, Enterprise | ", + "Able Internet Payroll Ltd | Payroll Bureau, Payroll CIS Professional, Payroll Elite, Payroll Employees, Payroll IBM DB, Payroll Multi-Site, Payroll star DB, Payroll CIS Professional | ", + "Accentra Technologies | Accentra Payroll (Desktop), Primo Payroll (Cloud), Solus Online Payroll | ", + "Access Group | Access Payroll | ", + "Accu-Man | Accu-Man Payroll, Accu-Man Daily Harvest Casuals | ", + "Advanced | OpenPeople | ", + "Advo Group | Advo Payroll | ", + "Ajaccts Software | Ajaccts | ", + "Algorithms Software | Xpedeon | ", + "Allocate Software | 247 Time | ", + "Altus Ltd | Altus Pension Reporting Gateway (APG) | ", + "Andica | Andica Payroll, Andica P11D | ", + "Automatic Data Processing | ADP freedom, ADP iHCM, ADP iHCM2 | ", + "AW-Apps Ltd | AW-Apps Payroll | ", + "Beauchamp Computer Services | Tripay | ", + "BDO | P11D Enterprise | ", + "Brain Payroll Ltd | Brain Payroll | ", + "BrightPay | BrightPay | ", + "Capita Employee Benefits | HartLink, PensionsOfficeII | ", + "Capium | Capium P11D, Capium Payroll | ", + "Cascade Human Resources | Iris Cascade Payroll, Iris Cascade Payroll web | ", + "Catalyst Computer Systems Ltd | Platinum Software | ", + "Ceridian Europe | Dayforce | ", + "CGI HR Solutions | ePayfact | ", + "Cintra HR and Payroll Services | Cintra IQ | ", + "CIPHR | CIPHR Payroll | ", + "Civica | Civica HR & Payroll | ", + "Clear Books | Clear Books Payroll | ", + "Commander Software Limited | Apollo Payroll | ", + "Commercial Software Limited | CS P11D | ", + "Compact Software Ltd | WinPay | ", + "CoreHR | CoreHR XD | ", + "Corporate Payroll Solutions Ltd | Legislator PayManager | ", + "CPS HR & Payroll Solutions | Legislator HR | ", + "Criterion | Criterion HCM \u2013 Payroll | ", + "Crop-Ware | CropPayer | ", + "Cyberaid | Cyberaid Internet Filing, TeamTrak Adaptiv | ", + "DC Software | P11D Submission Pro | ", + "eFile Ready Ltd | eFileReady | ", + "EnrolPay | EnrolPay Payroll, EnrolPay AutoEnrolment | ", + "Eque2 Ltd | MiraclePay for Dynamics NAV | ", + "Equiniti | Perito | ", + "Equiniti Paymaster | Compendia | ", + "FastTrack Recruitment Software | FastTrack360 | ", + "Fourth | Payroll | ", + "FreeAgent | FreeAgent | ", + "Frontier Software | Chris21 | ", + "Gel Solutions Ltd | Gel All-in-One | ", + "Greentree Software Ltd | Greentree ERP | ", + "Hardhatadmin | Hardhatadmin | ", + "Hartigan Software Design | RTI Lite, RTI Payroll for Pensions, RTI Payroll Standard, RTI Pro | ", + "Hyko | Hyko Payroll | ", + "IAW Resources | Ingenuity | ", + "Infinet Cloud | UK Payroll For NetSuite | ", + "Infor | Infinium | ", + "Intelligo Software Ltd | Megapay | ", + "Integrity Software Systems Ltd | Evolution M RTI | ", + "IRIS | Payrite | ", + "IRIS FMP | Amity, Teamspirit | ", + "IRIS Payroll Professional | IRIS Payroll Professional | ", + "IRIS Software | EARNIE, Farmplan EARNIE, Payroll Business, Bureau Payroll, GP Payroll, Exchequer Payroll, Earnie IQ, Earnie 32, PAYE-Master, PTP Tax Expense, IRIS P11D, IRIS Payroll Basics | ", + "Jaama | Key2 Vehicle Management | ", + "Jane Systems | Jane | ", + "KashFlow | KashFlow Payroll | ", + "KeyPay Ltd | KeyPay | ", + "Keytime | Keytime Payroll, Keytime P11D | ", + "KPMG | P11D Solutions 2020 | ", + "K3 SYSPRO | Equator | ", + "Liberty Accounts | Liberty Accounts Payroll with P11D | ", + "LOKI Systems | Advanced Payroll | ", + "Mamut | Mamut Payroll Start, Payroll Standard, Payroll Professional | ", + "Merit Software | Merit Payroll | ", + "m-hance | Infrastructure 365 | ", + "MHR | iTrent | ", + "Mintra Trainingportal AS | OCS Human Resource | ", + "Mitrefinch Ltd | Mitrefinch Flexipay | ", + "MoorepayHR | Moorepay Payroll | ", + "Moneysoft | Payroll Manager | ", + "My Digital Accounts | My Digital Accounts | ", + "My PAYE Ltd | MyPAYE Online Payroll | ", + "Nivid Biometrics Ltd | Taras Payroll | ", + "Octopaye | Octopaye | ", + "Omniphi Systems Limited | Omni PAYE Online | ", + "Oracle Corporation UK Ltd | Oracle Cloud Fusion HCM | ", + "Orovia Group Limited | EduPay | ", + "Oxford Software | Tempaid 5 | ", + "PAIYROLL | paiyroll | ", + "Pay-Pro Ltd | Paystar | ", + "Payback Payroll Software | Payback Payroll, Payback GP Payroll | ", + "Paycircle Ltd | Paycircle | ", + "PayFit | PayFit | ", + "Payroll Business Solutions | Accord Payroll | ", + "The Payroll Site | The Payroll Site | ", + "Payroo | Payroo Star P11D, Payroo Bureau P11D, Payroo Payroll with CIS, P11D Professional | ", + "Payescape Limited | PayRun.IO | ", + "Pegasus Software | Pegasus Opera 3, Pegasus Opera 3 SQL, Pegasus Opera 3 SQL SE | ", + "Personal Audit Systems Ltd | P11D Organiser | ", + "PrimePRO | PrimePAY | ", + "Promenics Ltd | Promenics HR & Payroll System | ", + "Qtac | Payroll Assistant, Payroll Manager, Payroll Bureau, Payroll Specialist | ", + "QuickBooks (Intuit) | QuickBooks Standard Payroll and QuickBooks Advanced Payroll | ", + "RedSky IT | Summit | ", + "RSM | InPay | ", + "SAA Consultants | REIMS ARTIS, REIMS BARTIC, REIMS RTI Service | ", + "Sage (UK) | Instant Payroll | ", + "Sage (UK) | Sage 50cloud Payroll | ", + "Sage (UK) | Sage 50 P11D, Sage 50 P11D Professional | ", + "Sage (UK) | Sage Business Cloud Payroll | ", + "Sage (UK) | SnowdropKCS | ", + "SAP | SAP Payroll | ", + "Sargent-Disc Ltd | Sargent-Disc Payroll | ", + "SD Worx | SD Worx EIEx | ", + "SDA Logic Limited | Pythagoras Payroll | ", + "Shape Payroll | Shape Payroll, Shape Payroll API | ", + "Sirius APP | SiriusPayroll365 | ", + "Skynet Applied Systems | SkyPay | ", + "Software for People | SfP World Service | ", + "Sopra HR Software | HR Access version 9 | ", + "Specialist Computer Services Ltd | Pyramid | ", + "Staffology Payroll | Staffology Payroll | ", + "Stansoft | Stansoft Linux | ", + "Stirling Solutions | Stirling Payroll | ", + "Sum-It Computer Systems | Total | ", + "TalentPay | TalentPay | ", + "Taxshield | P11D Manager | ", + "Technology One | Technology One Human Resource & Payroll | ", + "Teqhou | MiraclePay for AX2009, Mi-Pay for D365 | ", + "TRG Advantage | Payroll, AutoEnrolment | ", + "Unit4 | ERP | ", + "WCBS | passFinance Payroll | ", + "Workday UK Ltd | Workday Payroll for UK | ", + "XCD | XCD HR & Payroll | ", + "Xero | Xero Payroll, Xero Me mobile app | ", + "Zeel Solutions | Zpayplus | ", + "Zellis | ResourceLink | ", + "

    If you change software

    ", + "

    Some payroll software will not let you continue with the same employee Payroll IDs if you\u2019ve already used them in other software.

    ", + "

    If your payroll software does not let you do this, put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Payroll ID changed indicator\u2019 for each employee in your Full Payment Submission (FPS).

    ", + "

    Your PAYE bill may be calculated incorrectly, and payroll records duplicated, if you do not.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Fix problems with running payroll", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-errors", + "contents": [ + "

    Your PAYE bill is not what you expected

    ", + "

    Every month you have to pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) what you owe as part of running payroll for your employees.

    ", + "

    There are things you should check if your PAYE bill is not what you expected when you view your online account.

    ", + "

    What to check

    ", + "

    Make sure you sent your Full Payment Submission (FPS) or Employer Payment Summary (EPS) in time for the account to update.

    ", + "

    You should also check that you:

    ", + "
  • used the date you paid your employees on your FPS report, not the date you sent it
    • ", + "
  • reported other details in your FPS correctly, for example pay and deductions
    • ", + "
  • reported your EPS correctly, for example to reclaim any statutory pay
    • ", + "
  • previously paid HMRC the right amount - you may have paid too much or too little if your reports were incorrect
    • ", + "

    Employees starting and leaving

    ", + "

    Check that you correctly reported any employees starting or leaving.

    ", + "

    You may get an incorrect bill and duplicate payroll records if you made a mistake. Both are usually corrected automatically - contact HMRC if your PAYE bill is still wrong by the 12th of the next tax month.

    ", + "

    Correcting errors

    ", + "

    If you find a mistake, follow the guidance to:

    ", + "
  • correct an error in your FPS or EPS
    • ", + "
  • correct a payment to HMRC
    • ", + "

    You can also correct mistakes if you paid your employee the wrong amount or made incorrect deductions.

    ", + "

    Get help to correct your PAYE bill

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC\u2019s employer helpline if you need help.

    ", + "

    You made a mistake in your FPS or EPS

    ", + "

    Your PAYE bill might be wrong if you made a mistake in your FPS or EPS. You might have to correct:

    ", + "
  • pay or deductions
    • ", + "
  • payment dates
    • ", + "
  • start or leaving dates for your employee
    • ", + "
  • employee information
    • ", + "
  • reports sent in advance
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance category letters
    • ", + "
  • amounts in your Employer Payment Summary (EPS)
    • ", + "
  • the Apprenticeship Levy you owe (starting from April 2017) if you, or employers you\u2019re connected to, have an annual pay bill of more than \u00a33 million
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll only be charged a penalty for a mistake if you did not take reasonable care or did it deliberately.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve reported the wrong pay or deductions

    ", + "

    To correct a mistake made in the current tax year, update the year-to-date figures in your next regular Full Payment Submission (FPS).

    ", + "

    If you reported the wrong pay or deductions in the 2020 to 2021 tax year you can correct this by submitting another FPS with the correct year to date figures.

    ", + "

    If you reported the wrong pay or deductions in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax years, you can correct this by submitting an Earlier Year Update (EYU) or a further FPS with the correct year to date figures.

    ", + "

    For earlier tax years, send an EYU showing the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figure. You can only use an EYU for tax years when you were reporting online in real time.

    ", + "

    If your payroll software cannot send an EYU, you can use HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you find a mistake in your final FPS of the year.

    ", + "

    Correct a pension death benefit or flexibility payment

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a pension administrator who needs to correct a flexibility payment or death benefit payment, you must:

    ", + "
  • select the \u2018pension flexibility payment\u2019 or \u2018pension death benefit payment\u2019 indicator
    • ", + "
  • update the \u2018pensions drawdown taxable payment\u2019 or \u2019pensions drawdown non-taxable payment\u2019 fields (or both) with the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figures
    • ", + "

    If your employee has stopped working for you

    ", + "

    Include them in your next FPS and correct their year-to-date figures. Include their original \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 and put the same or a later \u2018Payment date\u2019 than the one shown on their final FPS.

    ", + "

    Correct the payment date in your FPS

    ", + "

    You should use the date you paid your employees in your FPS.

    ", + "

    Send an additional FPS with the correct payment date if you\u2019ve sent one with the wrong payment date. Write \u2018H - correction to earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field.

    ", + "

    Send your corrected FPS by the 19th of the tax month after you sent your original FPS. HMRC will apply the correction to the right month.

    ", + "

    If the wrong date was in different tax month, you must realign your payroll to the correct tax period.

    ", + "

    Correct an employee\u2019s start or leaving date

    ", + "

    Update your payroll records with the correct date if you put the wrong start or leaving date for an employee in your FPS.

    ", + "

    Do not report the amendment in your next FPS as this may create a duplicate record for the employee.

    ", + "

    Correct your employee\u2019s personal information

    ", + "

    Correct your next FPS if you\u2019ve made a mistake with your employee\u2019s personal details.

    ", + "

    Do not report updates to more than one of your employee\u2019s personal details (for example their name, date of birth or gender) in the same FPS. Your payroll records may be duplicated if you do, and your PAYE bill might be wrong.

    ", + "

    If your employee\u2019s details (for example their address or surname) change:

    ", + "
  • they must tell HMRC straight away
    • ", + "
  • you need to update your payroll records
    • ", + "

    Correct FPS reports sent in advance

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve sent FPS reports in advance that need to be corrected (for example because an employee leaves), you should:

    ", + "
  • send another FPS for the tax month the correction relates to, making sure you fill in all relevant fields and revising the year-to-date figures if needed
    • ", + "
  • correct any other FPS reports you sent in advance that are affected by the change
    • ", + "

    Correct an employee\u2019s National Insurance category letter

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on why the category letter changed, and in which tax year.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve used the wrong category letter in the current tax year or the 2020 to 2021 tax year

    ", + "

    Report the mistake in your next FPS.

    ", + "
  • Add the category letter you\u2019ve used incorrectly.
    • ", + "
  • Put \u20180\u2019 in all National Insurance fields for this category letter except \u2018Employee\u2019s NICs this payment\u2019, and enter the amount you have repaid or recovered here, for example put -\u00a3300 if you\u2019re repaying an employee\u2019s overpayment of \u00a3300.
    • ", + "
  • Add the correct category letter, and enter the correct year-to-date National Insurance for this category letter.
    • ", + "
  • Put \u20180\u2019 in all National Insurance fields for the incorrect category letter for the rest of the tax year - you do not need to do this if the category should never have been used.
    • ", + "

    Some software allows you to correct this by adjusting net pay. You\u2019ll still need to keep a record of the change.

    ", + "

    Your employee\u2019s category letter changed during the tax year

    ", + "

    In your next FPS:

    ", + "
  • Continue to report year-to-date information for the old category.
    • ", + "
  • Put \u20180\u2019 in all \u2018In this pay period\u2019 fields for this category, and use the \u2018Employee\u2019s NICs this payment\u2019 field to adjust any underpayment or overpayment of National Insurance.
    • ", + "
  • Add the correct category letter, and enter the correct year-to-date National Insurance for this category letter.
    • ", + "

    If the mistake was in the 2019 to 2020 tax year or earlier

    ", + "

    Send an EYU with:

    ", + "
  • negative amounts in all the National Insurance year-to-date fields in the incorrect category letter, to reduce the employee\u2019s National Insurance to zero
    • ", + "
  • the correct category letter and correct year-to-date National Insurance
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re correcting a mistake in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax years, you may be able to send an FPS instead - use your payroll software to check. Send it with the correct category letter and correct year-to-date National Insurance.

    ", + "

    If the mistake caused an overpayment or underpayment

    ", + "

    You must correct your employee\u2019s National Insurance deductions if they paid too little or too much because they were on the wrong category letter.

    ", + "

    Correct an EPS

    ", + "

    To correct a mistake in the current tax year, send an EPS with the correct year-to-date figures.

    ", + "

    For previous tax years, send an EPS with the correct year-to-date figures for the tax year where you made the mistake.

    ", + "

    You paid HMRC the wrong amount

    ", + "

    What you need to do to correct a payment depends on whether you paid too much or too little, and how the error occurred.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid HMRC too little

    ", + "

    If you underpaid because of a mistake in your Full Payment Submission (FPS) or Employer Payment Summary (EPS), correct it in your next regular report. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will add the underpayment to your next PAYE bill.

    ", + "

    If you underpaid because you entered the wrong amount when paying HMRC, pay the balance as soon as possible or you may have to pay interest or a penalty. Use your Accounts Office reference when paying.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid HMRC too much

    ", + "

    If you overpaid because of a mistake in your FPS or EPS, make the correction in your next regular report. HMRC will take the overpayment off your next PAYE bill.

    ", + "

    If you overpaid because you entered the wrong amount when paying HMRC, or you made a duplicate payment, you can balance your account by paying less in your next PAYE bill.

    ", + "

    You can also claim a refund if you\u2019ve overpaid by contacting HMRC\u2019s employer helpline.

    ", + "

    HMRC will repay directly into your account if you\u2019ve sent an EPS with your bank details.

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC with your bank details if you cannot include them with your EPS.

    ", + "

    Reclaim an overpayment for a previous tax year

    ", + "

    You must work out why you overpaid before you can reclaim an overpayment for a previous tax year.

    ", + "

    Work out why you overpaid

    ", + "

    Compare what you\u2019ve paid HMRC with what you\u2019ve owed in your tax account. You may have overpaid if your payments did not take into account:

    ", + "
  • an overpayment carried over from a previous tax year
    • ", + "
  • statutory pay for parents that you were entitled to reclaim
    • ", + "
  • any repayments made to employees, for example because you used the wrong tax code
    • ", + "
  • any corrections to your reports
    • ", + "
  • student loan deductions
    • ", + "
  • employees who left, for example because you did not report them correctly to HMRC
    • ", + "
  • any incentive payments from HMRC to send reports online
    • ", + "
  • any Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deductions, or if you made deductions incorrectly
    • ", + "

    You also may have overpaid if you paid HMRC:

    ", + "
  • for the wrong tax year
    • ", + "
  • more than once for the same bill
    • ", + "
  • an estimated amount in advance
    • ", + "

    For duplicated or estimated payments, tell HMRC what you paid, what you should have paid and why you paid the additional amount.

    ", + "

    Making your claim

    ", + "

    Once you know why you\u2019ve overpaid, you can claim your repayment from HMRC. You\u2019ll need to tell them:

    ", + "
  • your business\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • your PAYE reference - this is in your employer registration letter from HMRC
    • ", + "
  • your contact telephone number
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019ve overpaid - for each tax year you\u2019re claiming
    • ", + "
  • the tax month you overpaid in (if possible)
    • ", + "
  • why you overpaid - for each tax year you\u2019re claiming
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve claimed this overpayment before
    • ", + "

    HMRC will offset the amount against your PAYE bill in the current tax year. If you do not owe anything, they will offset the amount:

    ", + "
  • against a PAYE bill from a previous tax year
    • ", + "
  • against other taxes you owe, for example Corporation Tax
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll only get a refund if you do not owe HMRC any tax.

    ", + "

    You must apply by letter if your company has been dissolved or struck off.

    ", + "

    You paid your employee the wrong amount or made incorrect deductions

    ", + "

    You can correct a mistake with an employee\u2019s pay or deductions by updating the year-to-date figures in your next regular Full Payment Submission (FPS).

    ", + "

    You can also correct it by sending an additional FPS before your next regular FPS is due. You need to:

    ", + "
  • update the \u2018this pay period\u2019 figures with the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figures
    • ", + "
  • correct the year-to-date figures
    • ", + "
  • put the same payment date as the original FPS
    • ", + "
  • put the same pay frequency as the original FPS
    • ", + "
  • put \u2018H - Correction to earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field
    • ", + "

    Correct a pension death benefit or flexibility payment

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a pension administrator who needs to correct a flexibility payment or death benefit payment, you must:

    ", + "
  • select the \u2018pension flexibility payment\u2019 or \u2018pension death benefit payment\u2019 indicator
    • ", + "
  • update the \u2018pensions drawdown taxable payment\u2019 or \u2019pensions drawdown non-taxable payment\u2019 fields (or both) with the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figures
    • ", + "

    If you underpaid your employee

    ", + "

    Pay your employee the amount you underpaid them. On or before the day of this payment, send an additional FPS with:

    ", + "
  • the difference between what you originally reported and the correct amount in the \u2018In this pay period\u2019 field
    • ", + "
  • updated year-to-date figures
    • ", + "
  • \u2018H - Correction to earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field
    • ", + "

    Correct an employee\u2019s National Insurance deductions

    ", + "

    What you need to do depends on when you made the mistake.

    ", + "

    If the mistake was in this tax year

    ", + "

    Repay or deduct the balance from your employee. Update the year-to-date figures to the corrected amount in your next regular FPS or send an additional FPS.

    ", + "

    If you deducted too little, you cannot recover more than the employee\u2019s National Insurance contribution due that month.

    ", + "

    If the mistake was in the 2020 to 2021 tax year

    ", + "

    Send an FPS with the amount you should have deducted.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to write to HMRC if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the difference is negative because you deducted or reported too much National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • you still owe your employee a refund, for example because they\u2019ve left your employment
    • ", + "

    In the letter you\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • the reference \u2018Overpaid NI contributions\u2019
    • ", + "
  • your employee\u2019s name, date of birth and National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • why you overpaid National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "
  • which tax years you overpaid in
    • ", + "
  • how much National Insurance you overpaid
    • ", + "
  • why you are unable to make the payment to the employee
    • ", + "

    For a claim for one employee, send the letter to:

    ", + "

    For a claim for more than one employee, send the letter to:

    ", + "

    If the mistake was in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax years

    ", + "

    Send an FPS with the correct year-to-date National Insurance if:

    ", + "
  • your payroll software will let you submit an FPS
    • ", + "
  • you can pay any National Insurance refunds you owe
    • ", + "

    If you cannot use an FPS, send an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between:

    ", + "
  • the amount of National Insurance you originally deducted
    • ", + "
  • the correct amount you should have deducted
    • ", + "

    If the difference is negative (because you deducted or reported too much National Insurance), you also need to set the \u2018NIC refund indicator\u2019 to:

    ", + "
  • \u2018Yes\u2019 if you\u2019ve refunded your employee or no refund was due
    • ", + "
  • \u2018No\u2019 if you still owe your employee a refund (for example because they\u2019ve left your employment)
    • ", + "

    If the mistake was in the 2017 to 2018 tax year or earlier

    ", + "

    Send an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between:

    ", + "
  • the amount of National Insurance you originally deducted
    • ", + "
  • the correct amount you should have deducted
    • ", + "

    If the difference is negative (because you deducted or reported too much National Insurance), you also need to set the \u2018NIC refund indicator\u2019 to:

    ", + "
  • Yes\u2019 if you\u2019ve refunded your employee or no refund was due
    • ", + "
  • \u2018No\u2019 if you still owe your employee a refund (for example because they\u2019ve left your employment)
    • ", + "

    If there\u2019s an underpayment

    ", + "

    If you deducted too little National Insurance, pay HMRC the underpayment straight away. You can then recover the amount from your employee by making deductions from their pay.

    ", + "

    You cannot recover more than the amount of National Insurance the employee owes in a month (so the employee pays no more than double their normal contribution). Carry over the difference to later months - you can only make deductions in the tax year when you made the mistake and the year after.

    ", + "

    Correct an employee\u2019s student loan repayments

    ", + "

    What you need to do depends on when you made the mistake.

    ", + "

    If the mistake was in this tax year

    ", + "

    Repay or deduct the balance from your employee. Update the year-to-date figures to the corrected amount in your next regular FPS or send an additional FPS.

    ", + "

    If you deducted too little, you cannot recover more than the student loan repayment due that month.

    ", + "

    If the mistake was in the 2020 to 2021 tax year

    ", + "

    If you deducted too little, you do not need to do anything. Your employee should contact the Student Loans Company to find out how it affects them.

    ", + "

    If you deducted too much, you need to repay your employee. Send an FPS with the correct \u2018student loan repayment year to date\u2019 figure as of 5 April for the previous tax year.

    ", + "

    If the mistake was in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax year

    ", + "

    If you deducted too little, you do not need to do anything. Your employee should contact the Student Loans Company to find out how it affects them.

    ", + "

    If you deducted too much, you need to repay your employee.

    ", + "

    Check your payroll software to see if you can submit an FPS. If you can, send it with the correct \u2018student loan repayment year to date\u2019 figure as of 5 April for the previous tax year.

    ", + "

    Otherwise send an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between what you originally deducted and the correct amount.

    ", + "

    If the mistake was in the 2017 to 2018 tax year or earlier

    ", + "

    If you deducted too little, you do not need to do anything. Your employee should contact the Student Loans Company to find out how it affects them.

    ", + "

    If you deducted too much, you need to repay your employee. Send an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between what you originally deducted and the correct amount.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Make benefit debt deductions from an employee's pay", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-benefit-debt-deductions", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As an employer you may be asked to deduct benefit overpayments an employee owes the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) from their pay. This is called a Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA).

    ", + "

    DWP will write to you and ask you to operate the DEA scheme if any of your employees are affected. DEA only applies to a small proportion of people owing money to DWP.

    ", + "

    You may also be asked to make deductions for Housing Benefit overpayments an employee owes their local authority. Contact local authorities, not DWP, about these deductions.

    ", + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you if you need to make Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) deductions for an employee.

    ", + "

    How deductions work

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to follow these steps if you get a letter from DWP saying you need to make Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) deductions for an employee:

    ", + "
  • Tell your employee that money will be deducted from their pay.
    • ", + "
  • Work out how much to deduct from your employee\u2019s pay.
    • ", + "
  • Check if your employee has other debt orders to pay and if they take priority over DEA.
    • ", + "
  • Take the money from your employee\u2019s pay.
    • ", + "
  • Pay the money to DWP no later than the 19th day of the month following deduction in your payroll.
    • ", + "
  • Continue to make employee deductions and payments to DWP until the debt has been repaid or DWP tells you to stop.
    • ", + "

    Read the employer\u2019s guide for more information on DEA deductions and payments.

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You must keep a record of deductions and tell DWP when an employee leaves your company.

    ", + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not make DEA deductions.

    ", + "

    Help with DWP payments

    ", + "

    Call the employer helpline if you have questions about how to run DEA or pay DWP.

    ", + "

    This helpline is for DWP deductions only. Contact your employee\u2019s local authority for Housing Benefit deductions.

    ", + "

    Calculating DEA

    ", + "

    To calculate the deductions from your employee\u2019s pay you\u2019ll have to:

    ", + "
  • work out the employee\u2019s earnings after tax, class 1 National Insurance and workplace pension contributions
    • ", + "
  • deduct the percentage shown in the table from the employee\u2019s earnings
    • ", + "
  • check if the employee has other debt orders and if they take priority over Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) - see the employer\u2019s guide
    • ", + "

    If the total of all deductions is more than 40% of the employee\u2019s net earnings, DEA must be adjusted - see the employer\u2019s guide.

    ", + "

    If payments are made every 2 or 4 weeks, calculate weekly pay and deduct the percentage in the table.

    ", + "

    Standard DEA rates

    ", + "Deductions from earnings | Employee\u2019s weekly pay | Employee\u2019s monthly pay", + "Nothing to deduct | \u00a3100 or less | \u00a3430 or less", + "3% | \u00a3100.01 to \u00a3160 | \u00a3430.01 to \u00a3690", + "5% | \u00a3160.01 to \u00a3220 | \u00a3690.01 to \u00a3950", + "7% | \u00a3220.01 to \u00a3270 | \u00a3950.01 to \u00a31,160", + "11% | \u00a3270.01 to \u00a3375 | \u00a31,160.01 to \u00a31,615", + "15% | \u00a3375.01 to \u00a3520 | \u00a31,615.01 to \u00a32,240", + "20% | More than \u00a3520 | More than \u00a32,240", + "

    Higher DEA rates

    ", + "

    In some circumstances you may be asked to deduct DEA at a higher rate. The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will tell you which rate to use when it contacts you to set up DEA deductions.

    ", + "Deductions from earnings | Employee\u2019s weekly pay | Employee\u2019s monthly pay", + "5% | \u00a3100 or less | \u00a3430 or less", + "6% | \u00a3100.01 to \u00a3160 | \u00a3430.01 to \u00a3690", + "10% | \u00a3160.01 to \u00a3220 | \u00a3690.01 to \u00a3950", + "14% | \u00a3220.01 to \u00a3270 | \u00a3950.01 to \u00a31,160", + "22% | \u00a3270.01 to \u00a3375 | \u00a31,160.01 to \u00a31,615", + "30% | \u00a3375.01 to \u00a3520 | \u00a31,615.01 to \u00a32,240", + "40% | More than \u00a3520 | More than \u00a32,240", + "

    Call the employer helpline if you\u2019re unsure which rate to pay.

    ", + "

    There is more detail about calculating DEA in the employer\u2019s guide.

    ", + "

    What counts as earnings

    ", + "

    When calculating Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) payments, you should include as earnings:

    ", + "
  • wages and salary
    • ", + "
  • fees
    • ", + "
  • bonuses
    • ", + "
  • commission
    • ", + "
  • overtime pay
    • ", + "
  • occupational pensions if paid with wages or salary
    • ", + "
  • compensation payments
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • most other payments on top of wages
    • ", + "
  • pay in lieu of notice
    • ", + "

    Do not count:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Pay
    • ", + "
  • Ordinary or Additional Paternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • guaranteed minimum pension
    • ", + "
  • any money the employee gets from the government, such as benefits, pensions or credits (includes Northern Ireland or anywhere outside the UK)
    • ", + "
  • statutory redundancy pay
    • ", + "
  • expenses
    • ", + "
  • pay or allowances as a member of HM Forces (does not include allowances for special members of the reserve force)
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Make child maintenance deductions from an employee's pay", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-for-employers", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service can ask you to:

    ", + "
  • give information about your employee so they can work out the right amount of child maintenance
    • ", + "
  • set up a deduction from earnings order (DEO)
    • ", + "
  • answer enquiries from other organisations who collect payments of child maintenance on their behalf
    • ", + "

    You may also be given an attachment of earnings order (AEO) by a court.

    ", + "

    Your legal obligations when deducting child maintenance

    ", + "

    By law, you must:

    ", + "
  • give information to the Child Maintenance Service if you\u2019re asked to
    • ", + "
  • send payments as soon as possible, to arrive no later than the 19th day of the month following the month you made the deduction
    • ", + "
  • tell the Child Maintenance Service immediately if there are any problems with taking payments from a paying parent\u2019s earnings
    • ", + "
  • make regular payments - if you do not send payments and do not explain why, you could be taken to court
    • ", + "

    The paying parent is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.

    ", + "

    You must report a change of circumstances to the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days. For example, if:

    ", + "
  • an employee leaves your business
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re asked to set up a deduction from earnings order (DEO) for someone who does not work for you
    • ", + "

    You can report changes online or by phone.

    ", + "

    Use the Child Maintenance Service online

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve ever managed a case through the Child Maintenance Service, you can register for the online service. The service lets you:

    ", + "
  • see all deductions
    • ", + "
  • report and make changes
    • ", + "
  • send messages
    • ", + "
  • see important information you\u2019ve been sent
    • ", + "

    Call the Child Maintenance Service

    ", + "

    You can call the Child Maintenance Service if you have questions or need to report a change.

    ", + "

    Deduction from earnings orders (DEOs)

    ", + "

    Deduction from earnings orders (DEOs) are a way of collecting child maintenance directly from a paying parent\u2019s earnings or pension.

    ", + "

    The paying parent is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll get a DEO

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a deduction from earnings order (DEO) if one of your employees is a paying parent who:

    ", + "
  • chooses to pay child maintenance direct from their earnings
    • ", + "
  • does not pay child maintenance owed
    • ", + "
  • does not pay the correct amount
    • ", + "
  • does not pay on time
    • ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You must deduct the amount of child maintenance stated on the DEO from your employee\u2019s net earnings or their pension and pay it to the Child Maintenance Service. This will include any arrears that are due.

    ", + "

    Other court orders against your employee

    ", + "

    You could get a DEO from the Child Maintenance Service and an attachment of earnings order (AEO) from a court.

    ", + "

    How to calculate deductions

    ", + "

    The deduction from earnings order (DEO) will show 2 rates.

    ", + "Rate | What it means", + "Normal deduction rate (NDR) | The amount your employee owes in child maintenance. You\u2019ll deduct this from their pay.", + "Protected earnings rate (PER) or protected earnings proportion (PEP) | The minimum pay you must make sure your employee takes home after all deductions have been made.", + "

    The PER applies to cases opened before 3 March 2003. The PEP applies to cases opened from 3 March 2003.

    ", + "

    You must make sure that your deduction leaves your employee with the amount of their protected earnings, unless the deduction is for administrative costs.

    ", + "

    How much to deduct

    ", + "

    You may not always be able to deduct the full NDR from your employee\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    This depends on how much they have left in net earnings once you\u2019ve taken in account their PER or PEP.

    ", + "

    You can deduct up to \u00a31 for administration costs.

    ", + "

    If you cannot deduct the full NDR

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • keep a record of the shortfall
    • ", + "
  • carry forward the shortfall to the next period
    • ", + "
  • send any deduction you\u2019ve been able to make to the court or Child Maintenance Service
    • ", + "

    You then deduct the full amount of the shortfall plus the NDR owed for the next pay period. You must still leave your employee with the PER or PEP.

    ", + "

    If the shortfall is carried forward for several weeks before being repaid, keep a record of the ongoing shortfall.

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service or court may need to review an NDR if an employee consistently cannot pay it.

    ", + "

    If you pay your employee holiday pay in advance

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to:

    ", + "
  • calculate your employee\u2019s total net earnings for the pay period
    • ", + "
  • multiply the PER or PEP and the NDR by the number of weeks in the pay period
    • ", + "
  • set aside the combined PER or PEP and take off the combined NDR in the usual way
    • ", + "

    If you get more than one DEO or AEO for an employee

    ", + "

    Sometimes a paying parent has more than one case and is paying child maintenance for children by different receiving parents.

    ", + "

    The receiving parent has main day-to-day care of the child. The paying parent does not have main day-to-day care.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay AEOs in the order of the date of issue, so you might have to finish deducting payments for one before another.

    ", + "

    AEOs for maintenance have to be paid before AEOs for civil debts.

    ", + "

    What counts as earnings

    ", + "

    A deduction from earnings order (DEO) or an attachment of earnings order (AEO) can only be made from the following earnings:

    ", + "
  • wages, fees, bonus, commission, overtime pay or any payments on top of wages
    • ", + "
  • private or occupational pensions and compensation payments
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual sick pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual maternity pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual paternity pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual adoption pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual redundancy pay
    • ", + "

    Statutory pay is money that your employees are entitled to by law. Contractual pay is what you agree with your employees over and above statutory pay.

    ", + "

    What does not count as earnings

    ", + "

    Your employee cannot pay child maintenance by DEO or AEO if their only earnings are in the following categories:

    ", + "
  • amounts paid by a public department of the government of Northern Ireland or any country outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • any social security pension, allowance or benefit
    • ", + "
  • tax credits
    • ", + "
  • any pension or allowance paid for disability
    • ", + "
  • guaranteed minimum pension within the Social Security Pensions Act 1975
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Paternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Redundancy Pay
    • ", + "

    Make DEO payments

    ", + "

    You can be prosecuted if you do not pay the amount on a deduction from earnings order (DEO).

    ", + "

    You can make\u00a0DEO\u00a0payments by using the Banks Automated Clearing System (BACS). The Child Maintenance Service can help you set it up.

    ", + "

    Pay online

    ", + "

    You can manage your Child Maintenance Service payments online.

    ", + "

    You should send a single bulk BACS payment for all the employees you make a deduction from. You\u2019ll get a monthly schedule.

    ", + "

    Pay by other methods

    ", + "

    You can also pay by:

    ", + "
  • internet banking
    • ", + "
  • telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • cheque (made payable to \u2018The Child Maintenance Service\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Account details to use

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name | Account code | Transaction code", + "60 70 80 | 10026584 | DWP CMG Employers | 0 | 99", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give the employer reference number. It will be a 12 digit number starting with 5.

    ", + "

    When to pay

    ", + "

    You should send a payment to the Child Maintenance Service so it gets there no later than the 19th day of the month following the month that you took it.

    ", + "

    You and your employee will be sent a letter every year to remind you how much must be paid and when.

    ", + "

    Deductions for administrative costs

    ", + "

    You can take up to \u00a31 towards administrative costs for each deduction, on top of the amount asked for on the DEO. You can take it even if it reduces your employee\u2019s income below the protected earnings proportion or protected earnings rate.

    ", + "

    Inform your employee

    ", + "

    You must inform your employee in writing about each deduction when they are given their pay statement. Include the amount (if any) you deduct towards your expenses.

    ", + "

    If pay statements are not usually given, you should inform your employee in writing. You should do this no later than the employee\u2019s pay day after the deduction was made.

    ", + "

    If you pay the wrong amount

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service if you find a mistake in the amount you\u2019ve paid. You can either:

    ", + "
  • use the Child Maintenance Service online
    • ", + "
  • call the employer payment team
    • ", + "

    Change of circumstances for DEOs

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service if your employee\u2019s circumstances change.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • use the Child Maintenance Service online
    • ", + "
  • call the employer helpline
    • ", + "

    If your business stops trading, or if your employee leaves your employment, you must tell the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days.

    ", + "

    You should also tell them if your employee changes their hours.

    ", + "

    You and your employee will be sent a revised deduction from earnings order (DEO).

    ", + "

    If the Child Maintenance Service cancels a DEO

    ", + "

    They will write to you and your employee to tell you the DEO has been cancelled. They will ask you to stop taking deductions from the date of the letter.

    ", + "

    You must only stop taking deductions if you\u2019re told in writing.

    ", + "

    If you do not help with DEOs or AEOs

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a3250 or sent to prison for up to 14 days if you do not do what an attachment of earnings order (AEO) says you should do.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve got a deduction from earnings order (DEO) it\u2019s an offence to:

    ", + "
  • not provide information when it\u2019s required
    • ", + "
  • make a false statement or representation
    • ", + "
  • knowingly provide false information
    • ", + "
  • delay or obstruct an inspector on purpose
    • ", + "
  • refuse or fail to answer any questions or supply any information or to produce any document when it\u2019s asked for
    • ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service sometimes sends inspectors to interview \u2018paying parents\u2019 at work. You must let them interview your employee.

    ", + "

    The \u2018paying parent\u2019 is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re found guilty of any of these offences.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Make debt deductions from an employee's pay", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/debt-deductions-from-employee-pay", + "contents": [ + "

    When you have to deduct from pay

    ", + "

    You have to make deductions from your employee\u2019s wages if a court orders you to. This could be to pay off:

    ", + "
  • unpaid maintenance payments
    • ", + "
  • a county court judgment
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you have to make deductions to pay off a benefit debt or child maintenance.

    ", + "

    How it works

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a document from the court telling you to make deductions from your employee\u2019s pay.
    • ", + "
  • Work out how much you have to deduct each time your employee is paid.
    • ", + "
  • Start making deductions the next time you pay your employee. Pay them their reduced wages on their normal payday.
    • ", + "
  • Make the payment to the court.
    • ", + "
  • Stop making deductions when the debt has been paid off.
    • ", + "

    You and your employee can be fined if you do not deduct their wages, or if you deliberately give false information about their earnings.

    ", + "

    Getting an order

    ", + "

    You and your employee will each get an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019 (AEO) from the court.

    ", + "

    You must start making deductions from your employee\u2019s pay from the next time you pay them, unless it\u2019s within the next 7 days.

    ", + "

    Write to the court within 10 days if you get an order for someone you do not employ.

    ", + "

    What the order tells you

    ", + "

    The court order will tell you:

    ", + "
  • how much your employee owes
    • ", + "
  • if it\u2019s a \u2018priority order\u2019 - if it does not say what it is, it\u2019s a \u2018non-priority order\u2019
    • ", + "
  • how much you have to take from their wages - called the \u2018normal deduction rate\u2019 (NDR)
    • ", + "
  • the minimum amount they still have to take home - called the \u2018protected earnings rate\u2019 (PER)
    • ", + "
  • how often the payments have to be made (weekly or monthly)
    • ", + "

    You can be fined if you do not start making the deductions.

    ", + "

    Change how often the deductions are made

    ", + "

    If a county court made the order, you can ask them to change it, for example from weekly to monthly if that\u2019s how you pay your employee.

    ", + "

    If a magistrate\u2019s court made the order, your employee has to ask the court to change it.

    ", + "

    Deductions and minimum take-home pay

    ", + "

    You cannot make the normal deduction if it would take the employee below the protected earnings rate.

    ", + "

    Protected earnings rate is too high

    ", + "

    If the protected earnings rate is so high that you\u2019ll never be able to make deductions, write to both:

    ", + "
  • the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office
    • ", + "
  • the court who issued the order
    • ", + "

    Include the:

    ", + "
  • court case number
    • ", + "
  • attachment of earnings order number
    • ", + "
  • name of the employee
    • ", + "

    Priority and non-priority orders

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of orders - priority orders and non-priority orders. The way you calculate deductions for them is different.

    ", + "Type of order | What it\u2019s used for | If you cannot make the full deduction", + "Priority | Maintenance or fines | Carry the unpaid difference over to the next payday", + "Non-priority | Civil debts | Do not carry the unpaid difference over to the next payday", + "

    If your employee has more than one order

    ", + "

    Deduct any priority orders first, in the order the employee got them. Then deduct the non-priority orders in the order the employee got them.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the court to combine 2 or more non-priority orders into a single order. This is called a \u2018consolidated attachment of earnings order\u2019.

    ", + "

    Deductions for a priority order

    ", + "

    Priority orders are used for unpaid maintenance or fines.

    ", + "
  • Calculate your employee\u2019s earnings.
    • ", + "
  • Take off the normal deduction rate from their earnings.
    • ", + "
  • Take off an extra \u00a31 towards your administrative costs (if you want to).
    • ", + "
  • Pay your employee the remainder of their earnings. You must pay them at least their protected earnings rate (this is given in the order). If you cannot deduct the full amount, carry the difference over and deduct it on the next payday.
    • ", + "
  • Send the deduction to the court.
    • ", + "

    You can still deduct the \u00a31 if it takes your employee\u2019s income below their protected earnings rate - but not if it takes their income below the National Minimum Wage.

    ", + "

    Making a full deduction

    ", + "

    Deduct the full amount from your employee\u2019s earnings if it does not take them below their protected earnings rates.

    ", + "

    When you cannot make a full deduction

    ", + "

    If the full deduction would take the employee below their protected earnings rate, carry the difference over to their next payday.

    ", + "

    When you cannot make any deduction

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you cannot make any deduction because the employee\u2019s earnings are below their protected earnings rate.

    ", + "

    You have to tell the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office you could not make a deduction. Send an email to caps@justice.gov.uk with the:

    ", + "
  • court case number
    • ", + "
  • attachment of earnings order number
    • ", + "
  • name of the employee
    • ", + "
  • reason you could not make any deduction
    • ", + "

    Paying your employee for a different pay period

    ", + "

    Recalculate the protected earnings rate and normal deduction rate if you pay your employee for a different period than usual.

    ", + "

    Holiday pay in advance

    ", + "

    Use the same process if you\u2019re paying your employee holiday pay in advance.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out the different rates for:

    ", + "
  • the month when you give pay in advance
    • ", + "
  • the following month when you pay them less than normal
    • ", + "

    Deductions for a non-priority order

    ", + "

    Non-priority orders are used for debts from a county court judgment (CCJ).

    ", + "
  • Calculate your employee\u2019s earnings.
    • ", + "
  • Take off the normal deduction rate from their earnings.
    • ", + "
  • Take off an extra \u00a31 towards your administrative costs (if you want to).
    • ", + "
  • Pay your employee the remainder of their earnings. You must pay them at least their protected earnings rate.
    • ", + "
  • Send the deduction to the court.
    • ", + "

    You can still deduct the \u00a31 if it takes your employee\u2019s income below their protected earnings rate - but not if it takes their income below the National Minimum Wage.

    ", + "

    Making a full deduction

    ", + "

    Deduct the full amount from your employee\u2019s earnings if it does not take them below their protected earnings rates.

    ", + "

    When you cannot make a full deduction

    ", + "

    Do not carry any unpaid difference over to the next payday if the full deduction would take the employee below their protected earnings rate.

    ", + "

    When you cannot make any deduction

    ", + "

    Do not carry the deduction over to the next payday if the employee\u2019s earnings are below their protected earnings rate.

    ", + "

    You have to tell the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office you could not make a deduction. Send an email to caps@justice.gov.uk with the:

    ", + "
  • court case number
    • ", + "
  • attachment of earnings order number
    • ", + "
  • name of the employee
    • ", + "
  • reason you could not make any deduction
    • ", + "

    Paying your employee for a different pay period

    ", + "

    Recalculate the protected earnings rate and normal deduction rate if you pay your employee for a different period than usual.

    ", + "

    Holiday pay in advance

    ", + "

    Use the same process if you\u2019re paying your employee holiday pay in advance.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out the different rates for:

    ", + "
  • the month when you give pay in advance
    • ", + "
  • the following month when you\u2019d pay them less than normal
    • ", + "

    What counts as earnings

    ", + "

    You can only make a deduction from the following earnings:

    ", + "
  • wages, fees, bonuses, commissions, overtime pay or any payments on top of wages
    • ", + "
  • private or occupational pensions and compensation payments
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual sick pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual maternity pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual paternity pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual adoption pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual redundancy pay
    • ", + "

    Statutory pay is money that your employees are entitled to by law. Contractual pay is what you agree with your employees in addition to statutory pay.

    ", + "

    What does not count as earnings

    ", + "

    You cannot make a deduction from any of the following:

    ", + "
  • amounts paid by a department of the government of Northern Ireland or any country outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • any social security pension, allowance or benefit
    • ", + "
  • tax credits
    • ", + "
  • any pension or allowance paid for disability
    • ", + "
  • guaranteed minimum pension within the Social Security Pensions Act 1975
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Paternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Redundancy Pay
    • ", + "

    Making payments

    ", + "

    The order that you get for the employee will tell you whether you have to pay:

    ", + "
  • the magistrates\u2019 court
    • ", + "
  • the Centralised Attachment of Earnings Payments (CAPS) office
    • ", + "

    Tell your employee each time

    ", + "

    You must tell your employee in writing about each deduction. Do this when you give them their payslip.

    ", + "

    Paying the magistrates\u2019 court

    ", + "

    Send a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts & Tribunals Service\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can pay with a single cheque if you\u2019re paying 2 or more orders issued by the same court.

    ", + "

    Some courts let you pay by Bacs transfer. Contact the court for their account details if you want to pay this way.

    ", + "

    When you send the payment, you must include a note of:

    ", + "
  • the employer name
    • ", + "
  • the employee\u2019s name
    • ", + "
  • the case number from the order
    • ", + "
  • how much money you\u2019re sending
    • ", + "

    Paying the CAPS office

    ", + "

    You can only pay by:

    ", + "
  • cheque
    • ", + "
  • Bacs transfer
    • ", + "

    You cannot pay by standing order or Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Pay CAPS by cheque

    ", + "

    Send a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts & Tribunals Service\u2019 to CAPS.

    ", + "

    Pay CAPS by Bacs

    ", + "

    You must register before you can pay by Bacs. Download and fill in the registration form and email it to ntonbacs@justice.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    To make a Bacs payment, send:

    ", + "
  • a bank payment request form to your bank
    • ", + "
  • the Bacs payment schedule form to ntonbacs@justice.gov.uk
    • ", + "

    The payment will be sent back if you do not fill in the schedule correctly. You can be fined if you do not send the schedule.

    ", + "

    Contact CAPS about a payment

    ", + "

    You need to give these details when you contact CAPS about a payment:

    ", + "
  • case number
    • ", + "
  • your name (as stated on your bank statement)
    • ", + "
  • your bank account number
    • ", + "
  • your sort code
    • ", + "
  • amount of payment
    • ", + "

    Change of circumstances

    ", + "

    Write to the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office within 10 days if the employee stops working for you.

    ", + "

    Include the:

    ", + "
  • court case number
    • ", + "
  • attachment of earnings order number
    • ", + "
  • name of the employee
    • ", + "
  • date they stopped working for you
    • ", + "
  • name of their new employer (if you know it)
    • ", + "

    The court changes the order

    ", + "

    The County Court Money Claims Centre will tell you in writing if the normal deduction rate or protected earnings rate changes. They can change it for 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    When the 4 weeks is over, you have to go back to the original rates in the order.

    ", + "

    The court cancels the order

    ", + "

    The County Court Money Claims Centre will tell you in writing if the order has been \u2018discharged\u2019 (cancelled).

    ", + "

    You can still make the deduction if you\u2019re due to pay your employee within the next 7 days. Your employee will get a refund from CAPS.

    ", + "

    You must stop making deductions if you\u2019re due to pay your employee 7 days after you got the cancellation notice.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Minimum wage for different types of work", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minimum-wage-different-types-work", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The National Minimum Wage is worked out at an hourly rate, but it applies to all eligible workers even if they\u2019re not paid by the hour.

    ", + "

    This means that, however someone gets paid, they still need to work out their equivalent hourly rate to see if they\u2019re getting the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    There are different ways of checking that workers get the minimum wage depending on whether they are:

    ", + "
  • paid by the hour (known as \u2018time work\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • paid an annual salary, under a contract for a basic number of hours each year (known as \u2018salaried hours\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • paid by the piece - the number of things they make, or tasks they complete (known as \u2018output work\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • paid in other ways (known as \u2018unmeasured work\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Use the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if payments are over the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    What counts as working time

    ", + "

    For all types of work, include time spent:

    ", + "
  • at work and required to be working, or on standby near the workplace (but do not include rest breaks that are taken)
    • ", + "
  • not working because of machine breakdown, but kept at the workplace
    • ", + "
  • waiting to collect goods, meet someone for work or start a job
    • ", + "
  • travelling in connection with work, including travelling from one work assignment to another
    • ", + "
  • training or travelling to training
    • ", + "
  • at work and under certain work-related responsibilities even when workers are allowed to sleep (whether or not a place to sleep is provided)
    • ", + "

    Do not include time spent:

    ", + "
  • travelling between home and work
    • ", + "
  • away from work on rest breaks, holidays, sick leave or maternity leave
    • ", + "
  • on industrial action
    • ", + "
  • not working but at the workplace or available for work at or near the workplace during a time when workers are allowed to sleep (and you provide a place to sleep)
    • ", + "

    Call the Acas helpline for advice about the National Minimum Wage.

    ", + "

    Paid by the hour

    ", + "

    Workers paid according to the number of hours they are at work are classed as doing \u2018time work\u2019.

    ", + "

    For these workers, the average hourly pay has to be at least the National Minimum Wage, worked out over the period each pay packet covers - so for a worker who gets paid once a month, this period will be 1 month.

    ", + "

    Use the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if payments are at least at the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Paid an annual salary

    ", + "

    Most people paid an annual salary are classed as doing \u2018salaried hours work\u2019.

    ", + "

    To find out if they are getting the minimum wage you must work out how many basic hours they work in return for their salary.

    ", + "

    Someone is usually doing salaried hours work if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • their contract states how many hours they must work in return for their salary (their basic hours)
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re paid in equal, regular instalments through the year, for example monthly or every 4 weeks
    • ", + "
  • there is no more than a month between each payment
    • ", + "
  • they do not get paid more than once a week
    • ", + "

    If someone is paid monthly they do not need to be paid exactly the same amount each month, but they must get the same total amount every 3 months (each quarter of the year).

    ", + "

    Salaried hours workers\u2019 contracts might not state the total number of basic hours the worker must work over the entire year, but you must be able to work this out from the contract.

    ", + "

    For example, if a contract states the days of the week someone is expected to work and the basic hours for each day, you can use this to work out the total basic hours someone is expected to work over the year.

    ", + "

    You can then use this figure to make sure the rate of pay is at least the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Work out the hourly rate

    ", + "
  • Find the basic annual hours in the worker\u2019s contract.
    • ", + "
  • Divide this by the number of times they get paid each year (for example 12 if they get paid monthly) - this gives you the average number of hours covered by each pay packet.
    • ", + "
  • Divide the amount they get in each pay packet by this number (average hours). This gives you the worker\u2019s hourly rate.
    • ", + "

    If you know how many basic hours someone works for each payment they get, you can use the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if they\u2019re paid the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Extra hours

    ", + "

    Employers must pay at least the minimum wage for any hours worked in addition to what\u2019s agreed in the worker\u2019s contract.

    ", + "

    Other salaried workers

    ", + "

    Some people paid a salary may not be salaried hours workers, for example if there is more than a month between each payment.

    ", + "

    These people are usually classed as doing \u2018time work\u2019 when working out if they are paid minimum wage or not.

    ", + "

    Paid per task or piece of work done

    ", + "

    Workers paid per task they perform or piece of work they do (known as piece work) are classed as doing \u2018output work\u2019.

    ", + "

    They must be paid either:

    ", + "
  • at least the minimum wage for every hour worked
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018fair rate\u2019 for each task or piece of work they do
    • ", + "

    Output work can usually only be used in limited situations when the employer does not know which hours the worker does (such as with some home workers).

    ", + "

    The work is not classed as output work if the employer sets either:

    ", + "
  • a minimum or maximum time the worker must work
    • ", + "
  • the start and finish times for a period of work
    • ", + "

    If the employer sets the times of work this counts as \u2018time work\u2019.

    ", + "

    Fair rate

    ", + "

    The fair rate is the amount that must be paid for each piece of work, to make sure someone working at an average speed is paid at least the minimum wage per hour.

    ", + "

    There is a way to work out the fair rate per piece of work done which employers must follow.

    ", + "

    Work out the average rate of work per hour

    ", + "

    Employers must carry out a fair test to find out how many tasks or pieces an average worker completes in an hour (the average rate of work).

    ", + "
  • Test some or all of the workers. The group you test must be typical of the whole workforce - not just the most efficient or fastest ones.
    • ", + "
  • Work out how many pieces of work have been completed in a normal working hour.
    • ", + "
  • Divide this by the number of workers to work out the average rate.
    • ", + "
  • If the work changes significantly, do another test to work out the new average rate. It\u2019s not necessary to do another test if the same work is being done in a different environment, for example work previously done in a factory being done at home.
    • ", + "

    Work out the fair rate

    ", + "
  • Divide the average rate of work by 1.2 (this means new workers will not be disadvantaged if they\u2019re not as fast as the others yet).
    • ", + "
  • Divide the hourly minimum wage rate by that number to work out the fair rate for each piece of work completed.
    • ", + "

    If an agricultural worker was employed before 2013 or is in Wales, they may be entitled to the Agricultural Minimum Wage. There are also different rules and rates for agricultural workers in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Give notice of fair rate

    ", + "

    To use a fair rate an employer must give each worker a written notice before they start work for the first time.

    ", + "

    The notice must:

    ", + "
  • say that the worker will be paid for producing a piece of work or completing a task, for example picking a certain amount of fruit
    • ", + "
  • say that to calculate whether minimum wage is being paid it\u2019s assumed the task will take an average time to complete
    • ", + "
  • confirm if the average time to complete the task has been tested or is an estimate
    • ", + "
  • say how many tasks or pieces of work it\u2019s assumed someone can complete in an hour
    • ", + "
  • give the amount to be paid for each piece that the worker completes
    • ", + "
  • include the ACAS helpline number, which is 0300 123 1100
    • ", + "

    If employers do not give a worker a complete notice then the worker is entitled to be paid by the hour instead.

    ", + "

    Paid in other ways (unmeasured work)

    ", + "

    If the work is not covered by any of the other types of work, it\u2019s \u2018unmeasured work\u2019.

    ", + "

    Unmeasured work includes being paid a set amount to do a particular task, for instance being paid \u00a3500 to lay a patio, regardless of how long it takes.

    ", + "

    To work out the minimum wage for unmeasured work, either:

    ", + "
  • record every hour worked and use the National Minimum Wage calculator to make sure the worker gets the minimum wage
    • ", + "
  • make a \u2018daily average agreement of hours\u2019
    • ", + "

    Daily average agreement of hours

    ", + "

    This is when the employer and worker agree a typical number of hours per day they expect to work on average. One agreement can cover several pay reference periods (for example, weeks if the worker\u2019s paid weekly) if there\u2019s no change in the average number of hours.

    ", + "

    Daily average agreements of hours must:

    ", + "
  • be agreed in writing
    • ", + "
  • be made before the start of the pay reference period they cover
    • ", + "
  • say how many hours the work should take each day (on average)
    • ", + "

    The employer must be able to prove that the number of hours worked on average is realistic.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "National Minimum Wage and Living Wage: accommodation", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-accommodation", + "contents": [ + "

    Accommodation rates

    ", + "

    Accommodation provided by an employer can be taken into account when calculating the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    No other kind of company benefit (such as food, a car, childcare vouchers) counts towards the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Accommodation offset rates

    ", + "

    The accommodation rates are set in April each year.

    ", + "Year | Daily accommodation offset rate | Weekly accommodation offset rate", + "April 2021 (current rate) | \u00a38.36 | \u00a358.52", + "

    Previous rates

    ", + "Year | Daily accommodation offset rate | Weekly accommodation offset rate", + "2020 | \u00a38.20 | \u00a357.40", + "2019 | \u00a37.55 | \u00a352.85", + "2018 | \u00a37 | \u00a349", + "2017 | \u00a36.40 | \u00a344.80", + "2016 (October) | \u00a36 | \u00a342", + "2015 | \u00a35.35 | \u00a337.45", + "2014 | \u00a35.08 | \u00a335.56", + "

    Use the minimum wage calculator to check if it\u2019s been paid.

    ", + "

    Using the offset rate to work out the minimum wage

    ", + "

    If an employer charges more than the offset rate, the difference is taken off the worker\u2019s pay which counts for the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    This means the higher the accommodation charge, the lower a worker\u2019s pay when calculating the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    If the accommodation charge is at or below the offset rate, it does not have an effect on the worker\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    If the accommodation is free, the offset rate is added to the worker\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    See examples of accommodation rates for minimum wage calculations.

    ", + "

    What counts as accommodation charges

    ", + "

    Include these costs as part of your overall accommodation charges:

    ", + "
  • rent
    • ", + "
  • charges for things like gas, electricity, furniture
    • ", + "
  • laundry
    • ", + "

    Working out if the employer provides the accommodation

    ", + "

    The employer is providing accommodation if any of these apply:

    ", + "
  • the accommodation comes with the job
    • ", + "
  • the employer (or a connected person or company) owns or rents the property the worker lives in, even if there\u2019s no direct link between the job and the accommodation
    • ", + "
  • the employer (or an owner, business partner, shareholder or director) gets a payment or benefit from the worker\u2019s landlord or a member of the landlord\u2019s family
    • ", + "

    Accommodation costs count towards the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage, even if the worker does not have to use the accommodation to do the job. If the accommodation is optional, it only counts as a cost if the worker uses it.

    ", + "

    Local housing authority and social housing providers

    ", + "

    If someone working for a local housing authority or social housing provider gets accommodation from their work, this does not automatically count towards the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    It only counts if the accommodation is linked to the employment. For example, a care warden who has to live on site has their accommodation linked to their job.

    ", + "

    Higher or further education institutions

    ", + "

    Accommodation is not counted when working out the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage if it\u2019s provided by a higher or further education institution to a worker who\u2019s enrolled on a full-time course with the institution.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Call the Acas helpline if you have any questions about workers\u2019 rights and the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Effect on the minimum wage

    ", + "

    This effect of accommodation rates on the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage depends on how much an employer charges for accommodation.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s calculated by \u2018pay period\u2019, the intervals at which someone is being paid. This can be weekly, monthly or in irregular intervals like every 10 days.

    ", + "

    If the accommodation is free, it still affects the minimum wage. There is an offset rate of \u00a38.36 per day for this.

    ", + "

    It does not matter if the cost of the accommodation is taken from the worker\u2019s wages beforehand or if the worker pays the cost after they get their wages.

    ", + "

    Examples

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "PAYE Online for employers", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-online", + "contents": [ + "

    Using PAYE Online

    ", + "

    As an employer, you need to use HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) PAYE Online service to:

    ", + "
  • check what you owe HMRC
    • ", + "
  • pay your bill
    • ", + "
  • see your payment history
    • ", + "
  • access tax codes and notices about your employees
    • ", + "
  • appeal a penalty
    • ", + "
  • get alerts from HMRC when you report or pay late, or do not send the expected number of reports in a month
    • ", + "
  • send expenses and benefits returns such as P46 (car), P11D and P11D(b)
    • ", + "

    Online services may be slow during busy times. Check if there are any problems with this service.

    ", + "

    Sign in

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Before you start

    ", + "

    Most new employers get a login when they register as an employer online. If you do not have a login because you registered in a different way you\u2019ll need to enrol for PAYE Online separately.

    ", + "

    Tax codes and notices

    ", + "

    HMRC sends you information about your employees through PAYE Online. You can log in to view:

    ", + "
  • tax code notices (P6 and P9)
    • ", + "
  • student loan notices (SL1 and SL2)
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance verification notices (NVR and NOT)
    • ", + "
  • late reporting and late payment alerts (HMRC call these \u2018generic notifications\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You can also access these through some payroll software, or by using the PAYE Desktop Viewer.

    ", + "

    Enrol if you did not register online

    ", + "

    You only need to enrol separately for HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) PAYE Online service if you did not get a login when you registered as an employer - this is usually because you did not register online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your PAYE reference and Accounts Office reference - these are included in the letter from HMRC confirming your registration.

    ", + "

    Enrol for PAYE Online

    ", + "

    How you enrol depends on whether you already have an online account for other taxes, for example Corporation Tax or Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    You already have an account

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account and select \u2018PAYE for employers\u2019 from the list.

    ", + "

    You do not have an account

    ", + "

    Enrol as a new business account holder and select \u2018Add a tax to your account\u2019 on the \u2018Business tax summary\u2019 page. You will then be able to add PAYE for employers.

    ", + "

    PAYE Desktop Viewer

    ", + "

    PAYE Desktop Viewer is an application from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that allows you to view, search and sort large numbers of employee tax codes and notices.

    ", + "

    You can also use it to download notices and view them offline instead of accessing them through HMRC\u2019s PAYE Online service, or your payroll software if it includes this feature.

    ", + "

    Download PAYE Desktop Viewer

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "PAYE and payroll for employers", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "contents": [ + "

    Introduction to PAYE

    ", + "

    As an employer, you normally have to operate PAYE as part of your payroll. PAYE is HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) system to collect Income Tax and National Insurance from employment.

    ", + "

    You do not need to register for PAYE if none of your employees are paid \u00a3120 or more a week, get expenses and benefits, have another job or get a pension. However, you must keep payroll records.

    ", + "

    Payments and deductions

    ", + "

    When paying your employees through payroll you also need to make deductions for PAYE.

    ", + "

    Payments to your employees

    ", + "

    Payments to your employees include their salary or wages, as well as things like any tips or bonuses, or statutory sick or maternity pay.

    ", + "

    Deductions from their pay

    ", + "

    From these payments, you\u2019ll need to deduct tax and National Insurance for most employees. Other deductions you may need to make include student loan repayments or pension contributions.

    ", + "

    Reporting to and paying HMRC

    ", + "

    Reporting pay and deductions

    ", + "

    If you run payroll yourself, you\u2019ll need to report your employees\u2019 payments and deductions to HMRC on or before each payday.

    ", + "

    Your payroll software will work out how much tax and National Insurance you owe, including an employer\u2019s National Insurance contribution on each employee\u2019s earnings above \u00a3170 a week.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send another report to claim any reduction on what you owe HMRC, for example for statutory pay.

    ", + "

    Paying HMRC

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to view what you owe HMRC, based on your reports. You then have to pay HMRC, usually every month.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.

    ", + "

    Other things to report

    ", + "

    As part of your regular reports, you should tell HMRC when a new employee joins and if an employee\u2019s circumstances change, for example they reach State Pension age or become a director.

    ", + "

    You have to run annual reports at the end of the tax year - including telling HMRC about any expenses or benefits.

    ", + "

    Choose how to run payroll

    ", + "

    If you have to operate PAYE, you can choose how to run your payroll.

    ", + "

    Choose how to run payroll

    ", + "

    You can operate PAYE by either:

    ", + "
  • paying a payroll provider to do it for you
    • ", + "
  • doing it yourself using payroll software
    • ", + "

    Paying a payroll provider

    ", + "

    If you decide to pay a payroll provider (for example, a bureau or accountant) to run your payroll, you\u2019ll need to consider how much support you\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for collecting and keeping records of your employee\u2019s details. Your payroll provider will need these to run payroll for you.

    ", + "

    Some payroll providers can offer you more support if you need it, for example keeping employee records, providing payslips and making payments to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    As an employer, you\u2019re legally responsible for completing all PAYE tasks - even if you pay someone else to do them.

    ", + "

    Running payroll yourself

    ", + "

    You need to complete certain tasks to set up payroll and pay your employees for the first time. This includes registering as an employer with HMRC and telling them about your employees.

    ", + "

    Exemptions to online reporting

    ", + "

    You may be exempt from reporting payroll online if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re prevented from using a computer on religious grounds
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re getting care or support services for yourself or a member of your family
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re unable to send reports electronically because you\u2019re disabled, elderly or cannot access the internet
    • ", + "

    HMRC has guidance if you believe you\u2019re exempt and would prefer to report on paper.

    ", + "

    Setting up payroll

    ", + "

    If you decide to run payroll yourself, you need to complete certain tasks to pay your employees for the first time. You can choose when and how often to pay your employees.

    ", + "
  • Register as an employer with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and get a login for PAYE Online.
    • ", + "
  • Choose payroll software to record employee\u2019s details, calculate pay and deductions, and report to HMRC.
    • ", + "
  • Collect and keep records.
    • ", + "
  • Tell HMRC about your employees.
    • ", + "
  • Record pay, make deductions and report to HMRC on or before the first payday.
    • ", + "
  • Pay HMRC the tax and National Insurance you owe.
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to complete certain annual reports and tasks to prepare for the next tax year, which starts on 6 April.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    You must collect and keep records of:

    ", + "
  • what you pay your employees and the deductions you make
    • ", + "
  • reports you make to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • payments you make to HMRC
    • ", + "
  • employee leave and sickness absences
    • ", + "
  • tax code notices
    • ", + "
  • taxable expenses or benefits
    • ", + "
  • Payroll Giving Scheme documents, including the agency contract and employee authorisation forms
    • ", + "

    Your records must show you\u2019ve reported accurately, and you need to keep them for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to. HMRC may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for keeping records to prove you have paid the correct minimum wage.

    ", + "

    If you do not keep full records, HMRC may estimate what you have to pay and charge you a penalty of up to \u00a33,000.

    ", + "

    If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC as soon as possible if you do not have records and cannot replace them. You must also do your best to recreate them - HMRC may be able to help if you\u2019re not sure how much you paid your employees.

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC if your final payroll report of the tax year includes figures that are:

    ", + "
  • estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final
    • ", + "
  • provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with actual figures
    • ", + "

    Data protection

    ", + "

    You must follow rules on data protection if your business stores or uses personal information.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pay a PAYE Settlement Agreement", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-psa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must pay the tax and Class 1B National Insurance due from your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) by 22 October following the tax year it applies to.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg)

    ", + "

    Pay online

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. You may have to pay penalties and interest if your payment is late.

    ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    Other ways to pay

    ", + "

    You can choose to pay in other ways. The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Up to 2 days

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • by debit or corporate credit card online
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    3 working days or more

    ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)
    • ", + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit - if you have not set up one for HMRC before
    • ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    You can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) reference number as the payment reference.

    ", + "

    It starts with an X and is on the payslip HMRC sent you. If you do not have your PSA number, contact the office that\u2019s dealing with your application.

    ", + "

    Do not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) reference number. It starts with an X and is on the payslip HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you.

    ", + "

    If you do not have your PSA number, contact the HMRC office that\u2019s dealing with your application.

    ", + "

    Do not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your PSA in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You can pay at your branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need to use the PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) payslip sent to you by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your PSA reference number on the back of your cheque. The number starts with an X. You will find it on the payslip.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (if you pay it from Monday to Friday) and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Set up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment. This means you\u2019ll need to set up a payment each time you pay HMRC through Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Use your reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) reference number. It starts with an X and is on the payslip HMRC sent you.

    ", + "

    If you do not have your PSA number, contact the HMRC office that\u2019s dealing with your application.

    ", + "

    Do not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    ", + "

    If you pay PAYE or Class 1 National Insurance contributions by Direct Debit, make a separate Direct Debit payment for your PSA.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) reference number on the back of the cheque. It starts with an \u2018X\u2019 and you\u2019ll find it on your payslip.

    ", + "

    Include the payslip HMRC sent you. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.

    ", + "

    If you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a payslip

    ", + "

    You can print a payslip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    You can check your bank or building society statement to confirm the payment has left your account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pay a PAYE late payment or filing penalty", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You have 30 days from the date on the PAYE late penalty notice to pay or appeal it.

    ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline.

    ", + "

    The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Same or next day

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • by debit or corporate credit card online
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)
    • ", + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set up one for HMRC before)
    • ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    You can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.

    ", + "

    Do not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you.

    ", + "

    Do not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your penalty in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You can pay at a branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need to use the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) payslip included with the late penalty or filing notice.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your penalty reference number on the back of your cheque. The reference number starts with an X. You will find it on the penalty notice sent to you by HMRC.

    ", + "

    Do not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (if you pay it from Monday to Friday) and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Set up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.

    ", + "

    Do not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your penalty reference number on the back of the cheque. It starts with an \u2018X\u2019 and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.

    ", + "

    Include the payslip from the penalty notice. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.

    ", + "

    If you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a payslip

    ", + "

    You can print a payslip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    View your HMRC online account to see if your payment has been received - it should update within 6 working days.

    ", + "

    You can also check your bank or building society statement to confirm the payment has left your account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pay employers' Class 1A National Insurance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-1a-national-insurance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must pay Class 1A National Insurance contributions on work benefits you give to your employees, such as a company mobile phone.

    ", + "

    You must also pay them on payments of more than \u00a330,000 that you make to employees when their employment ends, such as a redundancy payment (\u2018termination awards\u2019).

    ", + "

    You only have to pay Class 1A National Insurance contributions on termination awards if you have not already paid Class 1 National Insurance contributions on them.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s different guidance on payment of Class 1A National Insurance on sporting testimonials.

    ", + "

    When to pay

    ", + "

    When you pay Class 1A National Insurance contributions depends on whether they are work benefits or termination awards.

    ", + "

    Work benefits

    ", + "

    You need to pay contributions on work benefits by 22 July each year for the previous tax year. You\u2019ll need to pay by 19 July if paying by post.

    ", + "

    Termination awards

    ", + "

    You pay contributions on termination awards through PAYE.

    ", + "

    Pay contributions on work benefits online

    ", + "

    You can pay online using direct debit (one-off payment), bank transfer, credit card or corporate debit card.

    ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    Other ways to pay contributions on work benefits

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. You may have to pay interest and penalties if your payment is late.

    ", + "

    The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    Up to 2 days

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • online by debit or corporate credit card
    • ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up with HMRC before)
    • ", + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set one up with HMRC before)
    • ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, your payment must arrive in HMRC\u2019s bank account on the last working day of the week (unless you\u2019re using Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    You can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give a 17-character number as the payment reference. This starts with your 13-character Accounts Office reference number. Then add the tax year you want to pay for and the digits \u201813\u2019 to make sure your payment is assigned correctly.

    ", + "Tax year | Add these digits to your reference number", + "2013 to 2014 | 1413", + "2014 to 2015 | 1513", + "2015 to 2016 | 1613", + "

    You can find your Accounts Office reference number on:

    ", + "
  • the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer
    • ", + "
  • the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it
    • ", + "

    You must make a separate payment for Class 1A payments. You cannot add them to a standard PAYE payment.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account:

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    Make your payment to \u2018HMRC Cumbernauld\u2019 office. You\u2019ll need to give a 17-character payment reference. This starts with your 13-character Accounts Office reference number. You can find this on:

    ", + "
  • the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you when you first registered as an employer
    • ", + "
  • the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it
    • ", + "

    Add the tax year you want to pay for and the digits \u201813\u2019. If you do not do this, your payment will be allocated to the current tax year instead.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your Class 1A National Insurance bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your Class 1A payslip reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip provided by HMRC.

    ", + "

    You must use your Class 1A payslip when paying in. Do not use a standard PAYE payslip from your booklet or your payment will be delayed.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Set up a new Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment for Class 1A contributions.

    ", + "

    You cannot use an existing Direct Debit for standard PAYE payments.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to set up a payment each time you pay HMRC through Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Making the payment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give a 17-character payment reference. This starts with your 13-character Accounts Office reference number. You can find this on:

    ", + "
  • the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer
    • ", + "
  • the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it
    • ", + "

    Add the tax year you want to pay for and the digits \u201813\u2019. If you do not do this, your payment will be allocated to the current tax year instead.

    ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your Class 1A reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find this on your payslip.

    ", + "

    Include the payslip HMRC sent you. You cannot use a standard PAYE payslip from your booklet. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.

    ", + "

    If you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a payslip

    ", + "

    You can print a payslip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    Check your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account - it should update within 6 working days.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying by cheque through the post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.

    ", + "

    Class 1A contributions on sporting testimonials

    ", + "

    A sporting testimonial is an event or series of events to honour a player for their service, such as when the player retires.

    ", + "

    The testimonial committee must pay Class 1A National Insurance if the payment to a player is:

    ", + "
  • more than \u00a3100,000
    • ", + "
  • not in the player\u2019s contract
    • ", + "

    The payment is usually the profit from the event.

    ", + "

    The committee must pay the contributions on the payment through PAYE.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pay employers' PAYE", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-tax", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must pay your PAYE bill to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by:

    ", + "
  • the 22nd of the next tax month if you pay monthly
    • ", + "
  • the 22nd after the end of the quarter if you pay quarterly - for example, 22 July for the 6 April to 5 July quarter
    • ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    If you pay by cheque through the post the deadline is the 19th of the month.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019re paying

    ", + "

    Your PAYE bill may include:

    ", + "
  • employee Income Tax deductions
    • ", + "
  • Class 1 and 1B National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • Class 1A National Insurance on termination awards and sporting testimonials
    • ", + "
  • Student Loan repayments
    • ", + "
  • Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deductions
    • ", + "
  • your Apprenticeship Levy payments (starting from April 2017) if you, or employers you\u2019re connected to, have an annual pay bill of more than \u00a33 million
    • ", + "

    You pay your Class 1A National Insurance on work benefits that you give to your employees separately.

    ", + "

    PAYE Settlement Agreements are also paid separately.

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay HMRC by the deadline. You may have to pay interest and penalties if your payment is late.

    ", + "

    The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Same or next day

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • through your online bank account
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • by debit or corporate credit card online
    • ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society (cash or cheque)
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve already set one up)
    • ", + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set up one before)
    • ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    Payment booklets

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a payment booklet from HMRC to pay at your bank or building society, or by post. If you do not have one, ask HMRC to send it to you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re no longer using your payment booklet, you can ask HMRC to stop sending it.

    ", + "

    HMRC will automatically stop sending your payment booklet if you make 2 or more electronic payments in a year.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Set up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment. This means you\u2019ll need to set up a payment each time you pay HMRC through Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your 13-character accounts office reference number to make a payment. You can find this on the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    ", + "

    The payments will show on your bank statement as \u2018HMRC NDDS\u2019.

    ", + "

    Early or late payments

    ", + "

    Make sure you also enter the correct year and month the payment is for in the separate boxes provided.

    ", + "

    Make an online or telephone bank transfer

    ", + "

    You can make a transfer from your bank account by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "

    If your account is overseas

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your 13-character accounts office reference number as the payment reference. You can find this on either:

    ", + "
  • the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.
    • ", + "
  • the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Early payments

    ", + "

    If you pay monthly

    ", + "

    You need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay before the 6th of the tax month that payment is due.

    ", + "

    Work out the number you need to use.

    ", + "

    If you pay quarterly

    ", + "

    You need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay before the 6th of the second month in the quarter.

    ", + "

    Work out the number you need to use.

    ", + "

    Late payments

    ", + "

    You need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay on or after the 5th of the tax month after payment was due. Do this whether you pay monthly or quarterly.

    ", + "

    Work out the number you need to use. You use a different tool if the payment was for a previous tax year.

    ", + "

    Multiple PAYE schemes

    ", + "

    Send an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single payment via CHAPS for multiple PAYE schemes.

    ", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    Approve a payment through your online bank account

    ", + "

    You can pay your PAYE bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve signed into your HMRC account, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your PAYE payment.

    ", + "

    The payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your employers\u2019 PAYE bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your 13-character accounts office reference number as the payment reference. You can find this on the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you when you first registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    Early or late payments

    ", + "

    Make sure you enter the correct year and month the payment is for in the separate boxes provided.

    ", + "

    Pay for the previous tax year

    ", + "

    Select the previous tax year and \u2018month 12\u2019 for the last tax year. If you do not do this, your payment will go to the current tax year instead.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 13-character accounts office reference number on the back of the cheque. You will find the reference number on the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent to you when you first registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay in using the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have one of these, ask HMRC to send you a payment booklet.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have fewer than 250 employees.

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 13-character Accounts Office reference number on the back of the cheque. You can find this number on the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.

    ", + "

    Include the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have this, you can either:

    ", + "
  • ask HMRC to send you a payment booklet
    • ", + "
  • print off a replacement payment slip
    • ", + "

    You can only use a replacement payslip to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.

    ", + "

    Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.

    ", + "

    You can include a letter with your payment to ask HMRC for a receipt.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    Check your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account - it should update within 6 working days of making payment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC no payment is due

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have not paid any employees for at least one tax month.

    ", + "

    You can tell HMRC by filling in an Employer Payment Summary (EPS).

    ", + "

    You must send it by the 19th of the month following the tax month when no employees were paid.

    ", + "

    If you do not send an EPS, HMRC will send you a notice estimating how much you owe. You may have to pay a penalty.

    ", + "

    Telling HMRC in advance

    ", + "

    You can tell HMRC that you will not pay any employees up to 12 months in advance.

    ", + "

    Contractors in the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) who have no payments to make need to tell HMRC through a CIS return and a EPS. CIS contractors with payments to make only need to file a CIS return.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Payroll: annual reporting and tasks", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-annual-reporting", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As an employer running payroll, you need to:

    ", + "
  • report to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the previous tax year (which ends on 5 April) and give your employees a P60
    • ", + "
  • prepare for the new tax year, which starts on 6 April
    • ", + "What you need to do | When", + "Send your final payroll report of the year | On or before your employees\u2019 payday", + "Update employee payroll records | From 6 April", + "Update payroll software | From 6 April, or earlier if the software provider asks you to", + "Give your employees a P60 | By 31 May", + "Report employee expenses and benefits | By 6 July", + "

    Send your final payroll report

    ", + "

    Send your final Full Payment Submission (FPS) on or before your employees\u2019 last payday of the tax year (which ends on 5 April).

    ", + "

    Put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Final submission for year\u2019 field (if available) in your payroll software.

    ", + "

    If you run more than one payroll under the same PAYE scheme reference (for example for employees you pay weekly and monthly), include the end-of-year information in your last report.

    ", + "

    You need to send extra forms if you claimed a National Insurance holiday for new employers.

    ", + "

    When to send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS)

    ", + "

    You should send your final report in an EPS instead of an FPS if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you forgot to put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Final submission for year\u2019 field in your last FPS
    • ", + "
  • your software does not have a \u2018Final Submission for year\u2019 field on the FPS
    • ", + "
  • you did not pay anyone in the final pay period of the tax year
    • ", + "
  • you sent your final FPS early and you did not pay anyone for one or more full tax months in the last tax year
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re late sending your final report

    ", + "

    From 20 April you can send an FPS to correct your 2020 to 2021 tax year payroll data by giving the year-to-date figures.

    ", + "

    \u2018Week 53\u2019 payments

    ", + "

    If you pay your employees weekly, fortnightly or every 4 weeks, you might need to make a \u2018week 53\u2019 payment in your final FPS of the year.

    ", + "

    Your payroll software will work out \u2018week 53\u2019 payments for you.

    ", + "

    In the \u2018Tax week number\u2019 field of your FPS, put:

    ", + "
  • \u201853\u2019 if you pay your employees weekly
    • ", + "
  • \u201854\u2019 if you pay them fortnightly
    • ", + "
  • \u201856\u2019 if you pay them every 4 weeks
    • ", + "

    HMRC will send a P800 form to any employees who owe tax following a \u2018week 53\u2019 payment.

    ", + "

    If you make a mistake

    ", + "

    If you find a mistake in your final FPS of the year, what you need to do depends on the type of mistake and when you find it.

    ", + " | When | What to do", + "Wrong payments or deductions | By 19 April | Send an additional FPS with corrected year-to-date figures, and enter \u20180\u2019 in \u2018Pay in this period\u2019", + "Wrong payments or deductions | After 19 April | Send an FPS showing the correct year-to-date amounts.", + "Wrong payment date | By 5 April | Send an additional FPS with the correct payment date - put \u20180\u2019 in \u2018Pay in this period\u2019 and give the year-to-date figures", + "

    Update employee payroll records

    ", + "

    For each employee working for you on 6 April, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • prepare a payroll record
    • ", + "
  • identify the correct tax code to use in the new tax year
    • ", + "
  • enter their tax code in your payroll software
    • ", + "

    You should include in your payroll:

    ", + "
  • all employees you pay in the tax year, no matter how much you pay them
    • ", + "
  • any employee who has worked for you in the current tax year (since 6 April) even if they\u2019ve already left
    • ", + "

    Using the right tax code

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a:

    ", + "
  • P9T form for any employees who need a new tax code
    • ", + "
  • P9X form with general changes for employees whose tax code ends with an \u2018L\u2019
    • ", + "

    For April 2021, if your employee\u2019s tax code ends in \u2018L\u2019, add 7, for example 1250L becomes 1257L.

    ", + "

    If you get a lot of tax code notices, it may be faster to use HMRC\u2019s PAYE Desktop Viewer.

    ", + "

    New employees

    ", + "

    Use the information new employees give you (usually their P45) to work out their tax code.

    ", + "

    Update payroll software

    ", + "

    Follow your provider\u2019s instructions to update your payroll software so it uses the latest rates and thresholds for Income Tax, National Insurance and student loan repayments.

    ", + "

    Basic PAYE Tools

    ", + "

    You must download and install Basic PAYE Tools again if you\u2019re using a version before 14.2.14330.88. The version number displays in the bottom-left corner of the tool.

    ", + "

    Versions 14.2.14330.88 and later of Basic PAYE Tools check for updates automatically, for example when the tax year changes or new rules come in.

    ", + "

    Give employees a P60

    ", + "

    Give a P60 to all employees on your payroll who are working for you on the last day of the tax year (5 April). The P60 summarises their total pay and deductions for the year.

    ", + "

    You must give your employees a P60 by 31 May.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re exempt from filing your payroll online, you can order copies of P60s from HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you need to change a P60

    ", + "

    Give your employee either a:

    ", + "
  • new P60 marked \u2018replacement\u2019 - this can be paper or electronic
    • ", + "
  • letter confirming the change
    • ", + "

    Report expenses and benefits

    ", + "

    You can report expenses and benefits using your payroll software, if it has this feature.

    ", + "

    You must report expenses and benefits to HMRC by 6 July.

    ", + "

    Paying HMRC

    ", + "

    Pay any Class 1A National Insurance due on the taxable expenses and benefits you\u2019ve provided. Your payment must be received by 22 July (or 19 July if you\u2019re paying by post).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Running payroll", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/running-payroll", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As an employer operating PAYE as part of your payroll, you need to complete certain tasks during each tax month. Tax months run from the 6th of one month to the 5th of the next.

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019ve not paid any employees in a tax month.

    ", + "

    On or before your employees\u2019 payday

    ", + "

    Every time you pay your employees, use your payroll software to:

    ", + "
  • Record their pay - include their salary or wages and any other pay.
    • ", + "
  • Calculate deductions from their pay, like tax and National Insurance.
    • ", + "
  • Calculate the employer\u2019s National Insurance contribution that you\u2019ll need to pay on their earnings above \u00a3184 a week.
    • ", + "
  • Produce payslips for each employee (you can use different software if yours does not have this feature).
    • ", + "
  • Report their pay and deductions to HMRC in a Full Payment Submission (FPS).
    • ", + "

    If you pay an employee less than \u00a3120 a week, you usually only need to record and report their pay (unless they have another job or receive a pension).

    ", + "

    In the next tax month (starting on the 6th)

    ", + "

    You can view what you owe from your FPS online from the 12th.

    ", + "
  • Claim any reduction on what you\u2019ll owe HMRC (for example statutory pay) by sending an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) by the 19th.
    • ", + "
  • View the balance of what you owe in your HMRC online account, within 2 days (or by the 14th if you sent the EPS before the 11th).
    • ", + "
  • Pay HMRC by the 22nd (or the 19th if paying by post) - you may have to pay a penalty if you do not.
    • ", + "

    If you usually pay less than \u00a31,500 per month, you may be able to pay quarterly instead of monthly. Contact the payment helpline to find out.

    ", + "

    Late reporting

    ", + "

    HMRC will send you a late filing notice if you\u2019ve paid any employees and do not send an FPS or send one late. They can also charge you a penalty, unless you have a valid reason for reporting late.

    ", + "

    Late, missing or incorrect payroll reports can also affect your employees\u2019 income-related benefits, such as Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    HMRC will close your PAYE scheme if you\u2019re a new employer and you do not send a report to or pay HMRC in 120 days.

    ", + "

    Employees' pay

    ", + "

    Record your employees\u2019 salary or wages in your payroll software. Include everyone you pay, even if they get less than \u00a3120 a week.

    ", + "

    Recording other types of pay

    ", + "

    Statutory pay

    ", + "

    You may have to pay your employee:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)
    • ", + "
  • statutory pay for parents (maternity, paternity, adoption, bereavement or shared parental pay)
    • ", + "

    You must record these in your software - they\u2019re taxed like normal pay.

    ", + "

    You can reclaim statutory pay for parents.

    ", + "

    Expenses and benefits

    ", + "

    Expenses or benefits like uniforms or company cars are reported separately at the end of the tax year. Check the rules to find out what counts as expenses and benefits, and what you should record in your software as normal pay.

    ", + "

    Tips and other pay

    ", + "

    Treat tips to your staff as normal pay if they\u2019re paid into your till - this includes tips added to your customers\u2019 card or cheque payments. The rules are different if tips are given straight to your employees by customers or paid into a tronc.

    ", + "

    Other payments you may give your employee that you should record as normal pay include:

    ", + "
  • bonuses
    • ", + "
  • commission
    • ", + "
  • holiday pay (unless you pay it in advance or use a holiday pay scheme)
    • ", + "
  • payments for time your employee has spent travelling
    • ", + "
  • passenger payments, except the first 5 pence per mile
    • ", + "
  • medical suspension payments, given to an employee you\u2019ve suspended for health reasons
    • ", + "
  • maternity suspension payments, given to an employee you\u2019ve suspended for her, or her baby\u2019s, health
    • ", + "
  • guarantee payments, paid to an employee for a day they do not work (and not paid holiday)
    • ", + "
  • office holders\u2019 payments (honoraria), given to employees for providing a service, for example being your company\u2019s sports-club secretary
    • ", + "
  • payments that can be converted into cash, for example cheques, Savings Certificates or Premium Bonds
    • ", + "
  • inducement payments (\u2018golden hello\u2019 payments)
    • ", + "
  • cash prizes for competitions you run
    • ", + "

    The rules are different for non-cash payments like shares or commodities, cash-in-hand or guarantee payments and employee incentive awards.

    ", + "

    Deductions

    ", + "

    Your payroll software will calculate how much tax and National Insurance to deduct from your employees\u2019 pay. These deductions are worked out using each employee\u2019s tax code and National Insurance category letter.

    ", + "

    You may also need to deduct student loan repayments, pension contributions, Payroll Giving donations and child maintenance payments.

    ", + "

    Student and Postgraduate loan repayments

    ", + "

    Use your payroll software to record if your employee needs to make student loan repayments - both in your software and on payslips.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to calculate and deduct how much they need to repay based on which plan they\u2019re on. They repay:

    ", + "
  • 9% of their income above \u00a319,895 a year for Plan 1
    • ", + "
  • 9% of their income above \u00a327,295 a year for Plan 2
    • ", + "
  • 9% of their income above \u00a325,000 a year for Plan 4
    • ", + "
  • 6% of their income above \u00a321,000 a year for Postgraduate loans
    • ", + "

    Pensions

    ", + "

    Make pension deductions after you take off National Insurance. You normally make pension deductions before you take off tax - check with your workplace pension provider.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay any employer contributions into your employee\u2019s pension.

    ", + "

    A new law means all employers will have to provide and pay into a workplace pension scheme for their employees - this is called \u2018automatic enrolment\u2019.

    ", + "

    Payroll Giving

    ", + "

    Your employees can donate to charity directly from their pay before tax is deducted using Payroll Giving.

    ", + "

    Register with a Payroll Giving agency to set up a scheme. They\u2019ll let you know how to make deductions.

    ", + "

    As well as the usual payroll records, you must also keep the agency contract, employee authorisation forms and details of payments to the agency.

    ", + "

    Child maintenance

    ", + "

    You may need to deduct child maintenance directly from a paying parent\u2019s earnings or pension.

    ", + "

    Payslips

    ", + "

    You must give your employees and \u2018workers\u2019 a payslip on or before their payday.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Payslips must show:

    ", + "
  • pay before any deductions (\u2018gross\u2019 wages)
    • ", + "
  • deductions like tax and National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • pay after deductions (\u2018net\u2019 wages)
    • ", + "
  • the number of hours worked, if the pay varies depending on time worked
    • ", + "

    Payslips can also include information like your employee\u2019s National Insurance number and tax code, their rate of pay, and the total amount of pay and deductions so far in the tax year.

    ", + "

    Producing payslips

    ", + "

    You may be able to produce payslips using your payroll software, if it has this feature. You can use different software if it does not.

    ", + "

    You can either print payslips to give to your employees, or you can send them electronically.

    ", + "

    Employees have certain rights relating to payslips and what they must include.

    ", + "

    Reporting to HMRC: FPS

    ", + "

    Use your payroll software to send a Full Payment Submission (FPS) to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about payments to your employees and what deductions you\u2019ve made.

    ", + "

    Include everyone you pay, even if they get less than \u00a3120 a week.

    ", + "

    When to send your FPS

    ", + "

    Send the FPS on or before your employees\u2019 payday, even if you pay HMRC quarterly instead of monthly.

    ", + "

    You must enter the usual date that you pay your employees, even if you pay them earlier or later. For example, if you pay your employees early because your usual payday falls on a Bank Holiday, you should still enter your regular payday.

    ", + "

    Early reporting

    ", + "

    You can send an FPS before your regular payday, for example if your payroll staff are going on holiday.

    ", + "

    Do not report too early - you\u2019ll need to send a corrected FPS to update HMRC if information changes, for example an employee leaves or changes tax code.

    ", + "

    You cannot send reports for the new tax year before March.

    ", + "

    Late reporting

    ", + "

    There are some exceptions when you can send a late FPS.

    ", + "

    Completing and sending an FPS

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to enter your PAYE reference and Accounts Office reference in your software. HMRC will have sent this to you after you registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    To complete and send the FPS, follow your payroll software\u2019s instructions.

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance on what to put in each field on an FPS, including:

    ", + "
  • employer information
    • ", + "
  • employee information - only include employees you\u2019ve paid
    • ", + "
  • pay and deductions
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance information
    • ", + "

    You can split your FPS into batches if it\u2019s easier for you, for example one for employees and one for directors.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for calculating deductions if your employee has more than one job with you.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve sent your FPS

    ", + "

    In the next tax month (which starts on the 6th), you can:

    ", + "
  • view your FPS and how much tax and National Insurance you owe in your HMRC online account from the 12th
    • ", + "
  • claim any reduction on what you\u2019ll owe HMRC (for example statutory pay) by sending an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) by the 19th
    • ", + "
  • pay HMRC the balance by the 22nd (or the 19th if paying by post)
    • ", + "

    If you need to make an extra payment to your employee, send an extra FPS before your next regular report (if your software has this feature).

    ", + "

    If you made a mistake in your FPS

    ", + "

    You should correct any errors in your FPS as soon as you find them.

    ", + "

    Reporting extra information

    ", + "

    You need to report more information on an FPS if:

    ", + "
  • it includes a new employee
    • ", + "
  • an employee leaves
    • ", + "
  • you start paying someone a workplace pension
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s the last report of tax year
    • ", + "

    You may also need to report extra information about certain employee changes, for example they take a leave of absence or become a director.

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you\u2019re only reporting National Insurance, for example you\u2019re an overseas employer that does not need to pay UK tax.

    ", + "

    Reporting to HMRC: EPS

    ", + "

    Use your payroll software to send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) as well as a Full Payment Submission (FPS) if you:

    ", + "
  • reclaim statutory maternity, paternity, adoption, parental bereavement or shared parental payments - even if you got an advance payment from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to cover them
    • ", + "
  • claim the Employment Allowance - do this once each tax year
    • ", + "
  • can reclaim Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deductions as a limited company
    • ", + "
  • claim National Insurance contributions holiday for previous tax years
    • ", + "
  • pay the Apprenticeship Levy if you, or employers you\u2019re connected to, have an annual pay bill of more than \u00a33 million
    • ", + "

    Send an EPS instead of an FPS if you\u2019ve not paid any employees in a tax month.

    ", + "

    EPS deadlines

    ", + "

    Send an EPS by the 19th of the following tax month for HMRC to apply any reduction (for example statutory pay) on what you\u2019ll owe from your FPS.

    ", + "

    The tax month starts on the 6th.

    ", + "

    Sending an EPS

    ", + "

    To complete and send the EPS, follow your payroll software\u2019s instructions. HMRC has guidance on what to put in each field on an an EPS.

    ", + "

    Use HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools if your software cannot send EPS reports.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve sent your EPS

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve sent your EPS, you can:

    ", + "
  • view what you\u2019ve claimed and the balance of what you owe on your HMRC online account within 2 days (or by the 14th if you sent the EPS before the 11th)
    • ", + "
  • pay HMRC by the 22nd (or the 19th if paying by post).
    • ", + "

    If you made a mistake in your EPS

    ", + "

    You should correct any errors in your EPS as soon as you find them.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay any employees in a tax month

    ", + "

    Do not send an FPS. Send an EPS by the 19th after the tax month you did not pay any employees. The tax month starts on the 6th.

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance on what to put in your EPS if you\u2019ve not paid anyone.

    ", + "

    If you do not send an EPS, HMRC may:

    ", + "
  • send you a notice through PAYE Online
    • ", + "
  • estimate how much you should pay
    • ", + "
  • give you a penalty
    • ", + "

    If you do not pay anyone for a longer period

    ", + "

    You can tell HMRC up to a year in advance that you\u2019ll not pay any employees. To do this, enter dates in the \u2018Period of inactivity\u2019 fields in your EPS.

    ", + "

    Paying HMRC

    ", + "

    Every month you have to pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC):

    ", + "
  • the tax and National Insurance (and any other deductions) you owe as reported on your Full Payment Submission (FPS) in the previous tax month
    • ", + "
  • minus the reductions on any Employer Payment Summary (EPS) you sent before the 19th in the current tax month
    • ", + "

    Pay what you owe by the 22nd of the month (or the 19th if paying by post) - you may have to pay a penalty if you do not.

    ", + "

    If you usually pay less than \u00a31,500 per month, you may be able to pay quarterly instead of monthly. Contact the payment helpline to find out.

    ", + "

    Viewing what you owe

    ", + "

    View your HMRC online account to see the reports you\u2019ve sent and to find out what you owe.

    ", + "

    There are things you can check if your PAYE bill is not what you expected.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You can pay your PAYE bill in a number of different ways.

    ", + "

    Interest and penalties

    ", + "

    HMRC will usually tell you if they think you\u2019ve paid late - either in a letter or a notice through PAYE Online. You\u2019ll be charged interest daily at the standard rate.

    ", + "

    You may be charged a penalty if you do not pay on time or in full.

    ", + "

    Sending an FPS after payday

    ", + "

    If you send a late Full Payment Submission (FPS) without a valid reason, you may get:

    ", + "
  • an online penalty warning message for the first late FPS you send each month
    • ", + "
  • a penalty for reporting late
    • ", + "

    When you can send a late FPS report

    ", + "

    In certain situations you can send a Full Payment Submission (FPS) after you pay your employee.

    ", + "Situation | When to report", + "Your employee does not give you a P45 and is either paid less than \u00a3120 a week or has worked with you for less than a week | Within 7 days of paying your employee", + "Your employees\u2019 payday is on a non-banking day, for example weekend or bank holiday | On the next banking day - but enter the regular payment date in the \u2018payment date\u2019 field and select \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 code G", + "You make an ad hoc payment outside of your regular payroll, for example you\u2019re told after you\u2019ve sent your FPS about a new starter or a missed overtime payment. (Payments made regularly outside your normal payroll run are not ad hoc) | In your next regular FPS or an additional FPS", + "You pay your employee an expense or benefit where you must pay National Insurance, but not Income Tax, through payroll. This depends on the benefit. | Within 14 days of the end of the tax month", + "You cannot calculate or report your employee\u2019s pay in advance because it\u2019s based on their work on the day, for example harvest workers paid based on how much they pick | Within 7 days of paying your employee", + "You make certain non-cash payments to your employee | As soon as possible within 14 days of the end of the tax month, or when you deduct tax and National Insurance (if earlier). For complex situations (for example when exercising share options) contact HMRC", + "You\u2019ve not received your employer PAYE reference yet | As soon as possible after you receive your employer PAYE reference - select \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 code G", + "

    Put the reason for reporting after payday on your FPS for each late submission. If you do not, or if HMRC disagrees with the reason or you do not send an FPS, they may send you an online penalty warning message and a penalty.

    ", + "

    Viewing late FPS reports in your HMRC online account

    ", + "

    If you send an FPS in the same tax month as you paid your employees, you can view the report in your HMRC online account from the 12th of the next tax month.

    ", + "

    This is different if you send an FPS in the tax month after payday.

    ", + "Late FPS sent (in tax month after payday) | HMRC online account updated", + "Between 6th and 11th | By the 14th", + "Between 12th and 19th | Within 2 days", + "On or after the 20th - and you did not send a FPS the previous tax month | Within 2 days", + "On or after the 20th - and you sent a FPS the previous tax month | By the 12th of the next tax month", + "

    Reporting employee changes

    ", + "

    You need to report more information on a Full Payment Submission (FPS) if:

    ", + "
  • it includes a new employee
    • ", + "
  • an employee leaves
    • ", + "
  • you start paying someone a workplace pension
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s the last report of the tax year
    • ", + "
  • an employee changes their address
    • ", + "

    You may also need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if an employee:

    ", + "
  • becomes a director
    • ", + "
  • reaches State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • goes to work abroad
    • ", + "
  • goes on jury service
    • ", + "
  • dies
    • ", + "
  • joins or leaves a contracted-out company pension
    • ", + "
  • turns 16
    • ", + "
  • is called up as a reservist
    • ", + "
  • changes gender
    • ", + "

    Employee takes a leave of absence

    ", + "

    Once your employee has started their leave of absence, put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Irregular payment pattern indicator\u2019 in all FPS reports you send to HMRC until the employee returns.

    ", + "

    Changing paydays

    ", + "

    You can move your payday to a different day or change how often you pay your employees.

    ", + "

    Moving your payday

    ", + "

    If the new payday is in the same tax month or week, treat the first new payment as an extra payment for that period.

    ", + "

    You do not need to do anything special when recording pay if the new payday is in a different tax month or week.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on how to calculate National Insurance for your employees after changing paydays.

    ", + "

    Changing how often you pay your employees

    ", + "

    You must contact the employer helpline if you pay employees less often so HMRC do not send you a non-filing notice through PAYE Online.

    ", + "

    Most payroll software can automatically manage any changes to how often you pay your employees (for example from monthly to weekly) and work out deductions correctly.

    ", + "

    Using Basic PAYE Tools

    ", + "

    There are some limitations on when you can make these changes if you use HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) Basic PAYE Tools.

    ", + "

    Paying your employees more often

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not already paid your employees, use the new earnings period (in the \u2018Pay frequency\u2019 field) in your Full Payment Submission (FPS) when you next pay them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid your employees, you can use the new earnings period from the next tax month.

    ", + "

    Paying your employees less often

    ", + "

    If a payment from your old pay period also takes place in your new pay period, calculate and deduct National Insurance on both. Do not deduct more National Insurance than would\u2019ve been due on the combined total of both payments.

    ", + "

    If an employee also joins your contracted-out pension scheme during this period, deduct National Insurance at the contracted-out rate on the total of both payments.

    ", + "

    Deduct tax based on the new earnings period the next time you pay your employees.

    ", + "

    Annual payroll scheme for PAYE

    ", + "

    If you pay your employees only once a year, and all in the same tax month, you can register with HMRC as an \u2018annual scheme\u2019.

    ", + "

    This means you send reports and make payments to HMRC annually. If you pay your employees on different days in the same tax month, you need to send an FPS on or before each payday. You do not need to send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) for the months when you do not pay your employees.

    ", + "

    To register, contact the employer helpline and tell them which month you pay your employees. You\u2019ll need your 13-character Accounts Office reference number - this is on the letter HMRC sent you when you registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    Changing when you pay your employees

    ", + "

    If you change the month you pay your employees, send an FPS in the month that you want the new annual payment month to move to. If it\u2019s later than the month you usually pay your employees, you\u2019ll need to send an EPS for that month to tell HMRC you\u2019re not paying anyone.

    ", + "

    If you send more than one FPS in a year, HMRC will assume you no longer wish to operate as an annual scheme and send you a letter to confirm.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tell HMRC about a new employee", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-employee", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) when you take on a new employee and be registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    Before you pay your new starter follow these steps.

    ", + "
  • Check you need to pay them through PAYE.
    • ", + "
  • Get employee information to work out their tax code - if you do not have their P45, use HMRC\u2019s \u2018starter checklist\u2019 (which replaced the P46).
    • ", + "
  • Find out if they need to repay a student loan.
    • ", + "
  • Use these details to set up your new employee in your payroll software.
    • ", + "
  • Register your employee with HMRC using a Full Payment Submission (FPS).
    • ", + "

    You must also follow the same steps as when you start employing staff for the first time, for example checking they can work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Check you need to pay someone through PAYE

    ", + "

    You usually have to pay your employees through PAYE if they earn \u00a3120 or more a week (\u00a3520 a month or \u00a36,240 a year).

    ", + "

    You do not need to pay self-employed workers through PAYE.

    ", + "

    Working out if someone is an employee or self-employed

    ", + "

    As a general rule, someone is:

    ", + "
  • employed if they work for you and do not have any of the risks associated with running a business
    • ", + "
  • self-employed if they run their own business and are responsible for its success or failure
    • ", + "

    You must check each worker\u2019s employment status to make sure they\u2019re not self-employed. If you get it wrong you may have to pay extra tax, National Insurance, interest and a penalty.

    ", + "

    Temporary or agency workers

    ", + "

    You need to operate PAYE on temporary workers that you pay directly, as long as they\u2019re classed as an employee.

    ", + "

    You do not need to operate PAYE if a worker is paid by an agency, unless the agency\u2019s based abroad and does not have a trading address or representative in the UK.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for harvest workers or shoot beaters employed for less than 2 weeks.

    ", + "

    Employees you only pay once

    ", + "

    You operate PAYE differently for employees you only pay once.

    ", + "

    Set up a payroll record with their full name and address. If you give them a payroll ID, make sure it\u2019s unique.

    ", + "

    When you send your Full Payment Submission (FPS):

    ", + "
  • use tax code \u20180T\u2019 on a \u2018Week 1\u2019 or \u2018Month 1\u2019 basis
    • ", + "
  • put \u2018IO\u2019 in the \u2018Pay frequency\u2019 field
    • ", + "
  • do not put a start or leaving date
    • ", + "

    Give your employee a statement showing their pay before and after deductions, and the payment date, for example a payslip or a letter. Do not give them a P45.

    ", + "

    Volunteers

    ", + "

    You do not need to operate PAYE on volunteers if they only get expenses that are not subject to tax or National Insurance - check if their expenses are affected.

    ", + "

    Students

    ", + "

    Operate PAYE on students in the same way as you do for other employees.

    ", + "

    Get employee information

    ", + "

    You need to get certain information from your employee so you can set them up with the correct tax code and starter declaration on your payroll software.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get most of this information from the employee\u2019s P45, but they\u2019ll have to fill in a \u2018starter checklist\u2019 (which replaced the P46 form) if they do not have a recent P45.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your employee\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • gender
    • ", + "
  • full address
    • ", + "
  • start date
    • ", + "

    From your employee\u2019s P45, you\u2019ll need their:

    ", + "
  • full name
    • ", + "
  • leaving date from their last job
    • ", + "
  • total pay and tax paid to date for the current tax year
    • ", + "
  • student loan deduction status
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • existing tax code
    • ", + "

    You must keep this information in your payroll records for the current year and the 3 following tax years.

    ", + "

    If your employee does not have a P45

    ", + "

    Ask your employee for this information if you do not have their P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    The P46 form is no longer used.

    ", + "

    Get the information by asking your new employee to complete HMRC\u2019s new starter checklist.

    ", + "

    If your employee has more than one P45

    ", + "

    You should use the P45 with the latest date and give the other one back to the employee.

    ", + "

    If they have the same leaving date use the P45 with the highest tax free allowance (or least additional pay for a K code) and give the other one back to the employee.

    ", + "

    Work out your employee\u2019s tax code

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve got your employee\u2019s information you can use a tool to:

    ", + "
  • work out their tax code and starter declaration
    • ", + "
  • find out what else to do before you pay your employee for the first time
    • ", + "

    Work out your employee\u2019s tax code

    ", + "

    Employees you only pay once and secondments from abroad

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to work out tax codes for employees who you only pay once or who are seconded from abroad.

    ", + "

    Student loan repayments

    ", + "

    You should make student loan deductions if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your new employee\u2019s P45 shows that deductions should continue
    • ", + "
  • your new employee tells you they\u2019re repaying a student loan or a postgraduate loan, for example on a starter checklist
    • ", + "
  • HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sends you form SL1 or form PGL1 and your employee earns over the income threshold for their loan
    • ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You should follow these steps even if your employee has a P45 from their last job.

    ", + "

    Ask your new employee if they have a student loan or a postgraduate loan - they may have both. If they finished their studies after 6 April in the current tax year, they will not start to repay their loan until the next tax year.

    ", + "

    Record their answer in your payroll software. You do not need to calculate their loan recovery repayments - your payroll software will do this for you.

    ", + "

    If your employee has a student loan, ask them to sign in to their repayment account and check which plan to use for deductions. They can contact the Student Loans Company if they\u2019re still not sure.

    ", + "

    If they cannot tell you, use Plan 1 in your payroll software until you get a student loan start notice (SL1).

    ", + "

    Where the employee is on more than one plan, start deductions for the plan with the lowest recovery threshold until you get an SL1. Check the student loan recovery thresholds.

    ", + "

    Report these deductions to HMRC when you pay your employee.

    ", + "

    Special rules

    ", + "

    In some cases there are special rules for making student loan deductions. Examples include:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re sent a court order to collect a debt directly from your employee\u2019s earnings
    • ", + "
  • you change how often you pay your employee, such as from weekly to monthly
    • ", + "
  • the employee has more than one job with you and you need to aggregate earnings
    • ", + "

    Stopping deductions

    ", + "

    HMRC will tell you if you need to stop making loan deductions from your employees\u2019 pay. They\u2019ll send you:

    ", + "
  • form SL2 for student loans
    • ", + "
  • form PGL2 for postgraduate loans
    • ", + "

    Do not stop making deductions if an employee asks you to.

    ", + "

    Registering your new employee

    ", + "

    Register your new employee with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by including their details on a Full Payment Submission (FPS) the first time you pay them.

    ", + "

    On this FPS, include:

    ", + "
  • information you\u2019ve collected from them
    • ", + "
  • the tax code and starter declaration that you\u2019ve worked out
    • ", + "
  • pay and deductions (for example tax, National Insurance and student loan deductions) since they started working for you - do not include figures from their previous job
    • ", + "

    Giving your employee a payroll ID

    ", + "

    You can assign payroll IDs to your employees. The ID must be unique - so use a different one if:

    ", + "
  • you re-employ someone - if you do this within the same tax year restart their year-to-date information from \u2018\u00a30.00\u2019
    • ", + "
  • an employee has more than one job in the same PAYE scheme
    • ", + "

    If you re-use a previous payroll ID, you\u2019ll create a duplicate record and report payroll incorrectly.

    ", + "

    Special rules

    ", + "

    There are special rules for making deductions for:

    ", + "
  • female employees entitled to reduced National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • employees you only pay once
    • ", + "
  • harvest workers and casual beaters
    • ", + "
  • certain employees with more than one job
    • ", + "

    Late P45 or starter checklist

    ", + "

    You may need to update your payroll records if your employee gives you a P45 or starter checklist after you\u2019ve registered them with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You only need a starter checklist from your employee to work out their tax code if they do not have a P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    If HMRC has sent you a tax code

    ", + "

    Use the tax code that HMRC has sent you if your employee gives you a P45 or starter checklist after you\u2019ve first paid them. Deduct any student loan repayments from the date your employee started with you.

    ", + "

    If HMRC has not sent you a code

    ", + "

    Late P45

    ", + "

    Use your employee\u2019s P45 to work out their tax code and update their details in your payroll software.

    ", + "

    If your employee left their last job after 5 April 2021, you should also update both the \u2018Total pay to date\u2019 and \u2018Total tax to date\u2019 fields in your payroll software for the first week you included this information. If your software finds errors, update the fields with the correct figures.

    ", + "

    Late starter checklist

    ", + "

    Use your employee\u2019s starter checklist to update the starter declaration in your payroll records.

    ", + "

    Keep using the tax code you used in your first Full Payment Submission (FPS) until HMRC sends you a new one.

    ", + "

    When you next pay your employee

    ", + "

    Do not enter another start date on the FPS, even if you have not reported a start date before.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Understanding your employees' tax codes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employee-tax-codes", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You put an employee\u2019s tax code into your payroll software to work out how much tax to deduct from their pay throughout the year.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate guide on tax codes if you\u2019re an employee.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    When you take on a new employee, you normally work out their tax code by using their P45. The code will usually be made up of several numbers and a letter, such as 1257L.

    ", + "

    You usually need to update your employee\u2019s tax code at the start of a new tax year. If the tax code changes during the year, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will email you - you should update your payroll records as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    Tax code 1257L

    ", + "

    The most common tax code for tax year 2021 to 2022 is 1257L. It\u2019s used for most people with one job and no untaxed income, unpaid tax or taxable benefits (for example a company car).

    ", + "

    1257L is an emergency tax code only if followed by \u2018W1\u2019, \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018X\u2019. Emergency codes can be used if a new employee doesn\u2019t have a P45.

    ", + "

    What the numbers mean

    ", + "

    The numbers in an employee\u2019s tax code show how much tax-free income they get in that tax year.

    ", + "

    You usually multiply the number in the tax code by 10 to get the total amount of income they can earn before being taxed.

    ", + "

    For example, an employee with the tax code 1257L can earn \u00a312,570 before being taxed. If they earn \u00a327,000 per year, their taxable income is \u00a314,430.

    ", + "

    The process is different if the employee has the letter \u2018K\u2019 in their tax code.

    ", + "

    What the letters mean

    ", + "

    Letters in an employee\u2019s tax code refer to their situation and how it affects their Personal Allowance.

    ", + "Code | How tax is deducted | When this code is usually used", + "0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up", + "BR | From all income at the basic rate | For a second job or pension", + "C | From income in the Welsh tax bands | For an employee whose main home is in Wales", + "C0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee whose main home is in Wales hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up", + "CBR | From all income at the basic rate in Wales | For a second job or pension", + "CD0 | From all income at the higher rate in Wales | For a second job or pension", + "CD1 | From all income at the additional rate in Wales | For a second job or pension", + "D0 | From all income at the higher rate | For a second job or pension", + "D1 | From all income at the additional rate | For a second job or pension", + "L | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee entitled to the standard tax-free Personal Allowance", + "M | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee whose spouse or civil partner has transferred some of their Personal Allowance", + "N | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee who has transferred some of their Personal Allowance to their spouse or civil partner", + "NT | No tax is deducted | Very specific cases, for example musicians who are regarded as self-employed and not subject to PAYE", + "S | From income in the Scottish tax bands | For an employee whose main home is in Scotland", + "S0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee whose main home is in Scotland hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up", + "SBR | From all income at the basic rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension", + "SD0 | From all income at the intermediate rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension", + "SD1 | From all income at the higher rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension", + "SD2 | From all income at the top rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension", + "T | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | When HMRC needs to review some items with the employee", + "

    If your employee\u2019s tax code has \u2018W1\u2019 or \u2018M1\u2019 at the end

    ", + "

    W1 (week 1) and M1 (month 1) are emergency tax codes and appear at the end of an employee\u2019s tax code, for example \u2018577L W1\u2019 or \u2018577L M1\u2019. Calculate your employee\u2019s tax only on what they are paid in the current pay period, not the whole year.

    ", + "

    Tax codes with the letter \u2018K\u2019

    ", + "

    The letter K is used in an employee\u2019s tax code when deductions due for company benefits, state pension or tax owed from previous years are greater than their Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Multiply the number in their tax code by 10 to show how much should be added to their taxable income before deductions are calculated.

    ", + "

    The tax deduction for each pay period can\u2019t be more than half an employee\u2019s pre-tax pay or pension.

    ", + "

    Changes during the tax year

    ", + "

    Usually someone\u2019s tax code changes if their tax-free income (Personal Allowance) goes up or down, for example they start or stop receiving a taxable benefit like a company car.

    ", + "
  • HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you an email alert if one of your employees\u2019 tax codes changes.
    • ", + "
  • Access the new tax code in PAYE Online (in \u2018tax code notices\u2019), the PAYE Desktop Viewer application, or in your payroll software (if it has this feature). Check if your employee\u2019s previous pay and tax are included with the new tax code. If they are, note these figures.
    • ", + "
  • As soon as possible, and before you next pay your employee, update their payroll record with their new tax code. Add their previous pay and tax, if you received these figures with the new tax code.
    • ", + "

    A tax code notice is sometimes called a P6 form.

    ", + "

    If you receive an employee\u2019s new tax code too late to use in the tax year, you should use it in the new tax year.

    ", + "

    Updating for the new tax year

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you between January and March about any new tax codes to use for employees in the new tax year. This starts on 6 April.

    ", + "

    If an employee\u2019s tax code isn\u2019t changing, HMRC won\u2019t contact you and you should carry forward the employee\u2019s tax code to the new tax year.

    ", + "

    If your employee\u2019s tax code ends with \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018W1\u2019 (\u2018month 1\u2019 or \u2018week 1\u2019), don\u2019t carry this part of the code into the new tax year.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "What to do when an employee dies", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-to-do-when-an-employee-dies", + "contents": [ + "

    Reporting a workplace death

    ", + "

    You must report a death in the workplace (except in Northern Ireland) to the:

    ", + "
  • police
    • ", + "
  • Health and Safety Executive (HSE)
    • ", + "

    Report a workplace death in Northern Ireland to the Health and Safety Executive for Northern Ireland (HSENI).

    ", + "

    You must report any deaths or serious injuries, even if the employee is working off-site at the time.

    ", + "

    Paying an employee who has died

    ", + "

    You must make all outstanding payments when an employee dies.

    ", + "

    Put the date they died into the \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 field in your next Full Payment Submission (FPS), and deduct tax using their existing tax code. Use category letter X so that you do not deduct National Insurance. Do not produce a P45.

    ", + "

    Payments to a person who has died are usually made to the personal representative or executor of that person\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    If you make a mistake

    ", + "

    If an employee dies and you did not report it in the right FPS, follow the guidance for when an employee leaves.

    ", + "

    Making a late payment

    ", + "

    If you need to pay someone after you\u2019ve sent an FPS with their \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 (the date they died):

    ", + "
  • use tax code 0T on a \u2018week 1\u2019 or \u2018month 1\u2019 basis
    • ", + "
  • include their \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 and put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Payment after leaving indicator\u2019 field in your FPS
    • ", + "
  • choose \u2018H - Correction to an earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late payment reason\u2019 field
    • ", + "
  • update the year-to-date figures - or if it\u2019s a new tax year, make sure the year-to-date figures only include the additional payment
    • ", + "

    Paying a pensioner who has died

    ", + "

    You must make all outstanding payments when someone receiving your company pension dies.

    ", + "

    Put the date they died in the \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 field in your next Full Payment Submission (FPS), and work out their final pension payment.

    ", + "

    Working out tax

    ", + "

    Use their existing tax code unless it\u2019s a new tax year by the time you pay them.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s a new tax year and you have not reported their \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 (the date they died) on an FPS yet, use their new tax code. Otherwise, use tax code 0T on a \u2018week 1\u2019 or \u2018month 1\u2019 basis and put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Payment after leaving indicator\u2019 field in your FPS.

    ", + "

    Payments to a person who has died are usually made to the personal representative or executor of that person\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    If you pay someone after their death

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve made a pension payment to someone after they died (for example because you were told about their death late), you should get the overpayment back from their executor.

    ", + "

    Put the pensioner\u2019s \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 (the date they died) on your next FPS, and choose \u2018H - Correction to an earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field.

    ", + "

    If you do not know the date they died, put the date of their final pension payment as their \u2018Date of leaving\u2019.

    ", + "

    Amend the year-to-date figures if you get the overpayment back.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s a new tax year by the time you find out a pensioner has died:

    ", + "
  • put \u20180.00\u2019 in the year-to-date figures for pay and tax in your FPS
    • ", + "
  • send either an Earlier Year Update (EYU) or an FPS with the correct year to date figures for the previous year
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Set up and manage a workplace pension scheme", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions-employers", + "contents": [ + "

    Employers and eligible staff

    ", + "

    Employers have to provide a workplace pension scheme for eligible staff as soon as your first member of staff starts working for you (known as your \u2018duties start date\u2019).

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re an employer

    ", + "

    You\u2019re usually an employer if you deduct tax and National Insurance contributions from an employee\u2019s wages.

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re an employer if you\u2019re not sure what your pension responsibilities are, for example you employ a carer or someone to work in your home.

    ", + "

    Who you must enrol

    ", + "

    You must enrol and make an employer\u2019s contribution for all staff who:

    ", + "
  • are aged between 22 and the State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • earn at least \u00a310,000 a year
    • ", + "
  • normally work in the UK (this includes people who are based in the UK but travel abroad for work)
    • ", + "

    If staff become eligible because of a change in their age or earnings, you must put them into your pension scheme and write to them within 6 weeks of the day they meet the criteria.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure what the state pension age is you can use the State Pension age calculator to find out.

    ", + "

    You do not have to enrol an employee if they give you proof of their lifetime allowance protection.

    ", + "

    How to set up a workplace pension scheme

    ", + "

    You must set up a workplace pension scheme for eligible staff if you do not already offer one.

    ", + "

    Use The Pensions Regulator\u2019s tool for employers to find out what you need to do and when you need to do it.

    ", + "

    If you already have a workplace pension scheme that you\u2019d like to use for automatic enrolment, you must ask the provider if it meets the rules.

    ", + "

    How much you must pay

    ", + "

    You must pay at least 3% of your employee\u2019s \u2018qualifying earnings\u2019 into your staff\u2019s pension scheme.

    ", + "

    Check the pension scheme you\u2019re using to find out what counts as \u2018qualifying earnings\u2019.

    ", + "

    Under most schemes, it\u2019s the employee\u2019s total earnings between \u00a36,240 and \u00a350,270 a year before tax. Total earnings include:

    ", + "
  • salary or wages
    • ", + "
  • bonuses and commission
    • ", + "
  • overtime
    • ", + "
  • statutory sick pay
    • ", + "
  • statutory maternity, paternity or adoption pay
    • ", + "

    Paying contributions

    ", + "

    You must deduct contributions from your staff\u2019s pay each month. You\u2019ll need to pay these into your staff\u2019s pension scheme by the 22nd day (19th if you pay by cheque) of the next month.

    ", + "

    You must pay your contributions for each employee by the date you\u2019ve agreed with your provider every time you run payroll. You must backdate any missed payments.

    ", + "

    You may be fined if you pay late or do not pay the minimum contribution for each member of staff.

    ", + "

    Manage your workplace pension scheme

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve set up a workplace pension scheme, you must:

    ", + "
  • check if and when staff should be re-enrolled
    • ", + "
  • manage requests to join and leave your pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • keep records about how you\u2019ve met your legal duties
    • ", + "
  • check if existing staff should be added to your pension scheme, for example when they earn a certain amount
    • ", + "

    Re-enrolment and re-declaration

    ", + "

    Every 3 years after your first member of staff starts working for you, you must re-enrol staff into your pension scheme if they:

    ", + "
  • left your pension scheme more than 12 months before your re-enrolment date
    • ", + "
  • are still in your pension scheme but pay below the minimum contributions level
    • ", + "

    If staff left your pension scheme 12 months or less before your next re-enrolment date, you can choose to re-enrol them on that date or wait until the next re-enrolment date in three years, if they\u2019re still eligible.

    ", + "

    You must write to eligible staff within 6 weeks after your re-enrolment date to tell them you have put them back into your pension scheme.

    ", + "

    Use The Pensions Regulator\u2019s tool to find out your dates for re-enrolment.

    ", + "

    You must complete a re-declaration of compliance every time you carry out your re-enrolment duties, even if staff were not re-enrolled.

    ", + "

    If you do not complete the re-declaration on time you could be fined.

    ", + "

    Requests to join or leave your pension scheme

    ", + "

    All staff can request to join your pension scheme if they want to. You must check they are eligible and put them into the scheme within 1 month of getting their request.

    ", + "

    Staff can leave your pension scheme whenever they want. You must take them out of the scheme within one month of getting their request.

    ", + "

    If staff ask to leave your pension scheme within 1 month of joining (known as the \u2018opt-out window\u2019), you will have to refund their contributions within 1 month. If they ask to leave after the opt-out window, their contributions will be kept in their pension until they retire.

    ", + "

    Keep records

    ", + "

    You must keep records of how you\u2019ve met your legal duties for maintaining your pension scheme, including:

    ", + "
  • the names and addresses of staff enrolled
    • ", + "
  • when contributions are paid in
    • ", + "
  • all requests to join or leave your pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • your pension scheme reference or registry number (PSR)
    • ", + "

    You must keep these records for 6 years except for requests to leave your pension scheme which must be kept for 4 years. You must also keep track of the ages and earnings of staff so you can enrol them when they become eligible.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Check someone's criminal record as an employer", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dbs-check-applicant-criminal-record", + "contents": [ + "

    Checks you can make on someone's record

    ", + "

    Employers can check the criminal record of someone applying for a role. This is known as getting a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check.

    ", + "

    You can request a more detailed check for certain roles, for example in healthcare or childcare.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for getting a criminal record check in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Types of check

    ", + "

    You can request:

    ", + "
  • a basic check, which shows unspent convictions and conditional cautions
    • ", + "
  • a standard check, which shows spent and unspent convictions, cautions, reprimands and final warnings
    • ", + "
  • an enhanced check, which shows the same as a standard check plus any information held by local police that\u2019s considered relevant to the role
    • ", + "
  • an enhanced check with barred lists, which shows the same as an enhanced check plus whether the applicant is on the list of people barred from doing the role
    • ", + "

    If you carry out criminal records checks, you must have a policy on employing ex-offenders and show it to any applicant who asks for it.

    ", + "

    Checking your own criminal record

    ", + "

    You can only request a basic check for yourself.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed, an organisation you\u2019re working with can get a standard, enhanced or enhanced with barred lists check for you, where the role is eligible.

    ", + "

    Childminders can get a check through Ofsted.

    ", + "

    When to repeat a check

    ", + "

    A DBS check has no official expiry date. Any information included will be accurate at the time the check was carried out. It\u2019s up to you to decide when a new check is needed.

    ", + "

    If the applicant has signed up for the DBS update service you can check whether their certificate is up to date online.

    ", + "

    Certificates for previous roles

    ", + "

    You can accept a certificate that was requested for a previous role but you must:

    ", + "
  • check the applicant\u2019s identity matches the details on the certificate
    • ", + "
  • check the certificate is the right level and type for the role applied for
    • ", + "
  • check to see if anything has changed if the applicant is signed up for the update service
    • ", + "

    Checks on someone who lived abroad

    ", + "

    DBS checks will not cover the time someone lived outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Check the rules in the country they lived in.

    ", + "

    Contact DBS

    ", + "

    Contact DBS if you\u2019re not sure whether you can request a check.

    ", + "

    Get a basic DBS check for an employee

    ", + "

    You can request a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check on behalf of an employee.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process to request your own basic DBS check.

    ", + "

    How to do a check

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to choose a company from the list of \u2018responsible organisations\u2019 registered with DBS to process checks. They will carry out the check and tell you the outcome once it\u2019s complete.

    ", + "

    The applicant will receive their certificate by post. They can also set up a DBS online account to view the certificate online.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    A basic check costs \u00a323. The responsible organisation may also charge an administration fee.

    ", + "

    If you do more than 1,000 basic checks each year, you can become a responsible organisation. Contact DBS to find out what\u2019s involved.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A basic check takes up to 14 days.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered with DBS you can use the tracking service to track multiple applications.

    ", + "

    Get a standard or enhanced DBS check for an employee

    ", + "

    How you request a standard or enhanced check depends on how many checks you do a year.

    ", + "

    If you do:

    ", + "
  • fewer than 100 checks a year you must use a company known as an \u2018umbrella body\u2019
    • ", + "
  • 100 or more checks a year you can choose to register with DBS or use an umbrella body
    • ", + "

    How to do a check

    ", + "
  • Ask DBS or your umbrella body for an application form.
    • ", + "
  • Give the form to the applicant to fill in.
    • ", + "
  • The applicant will return the completed form to you along with documents proving their identity.
    • ", + "
  • Send the completed application form to DBS or your umbrella body.
    • ", + "
  • DBS will send a certificate to the applicant. You must ask the applicant to show you the certificate so you can check it\u2019s genuine.
    • ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    How much it costs depends on the type of check.

    ", + "Type of check | Cost", + "Standard | \u00a323", + "Enhanced | \u00a340", + "Enhanced with barred lists | \u00a340", + "

    Checks are free for volunteers.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    It usually takes around 8 weeks but it can take longer if:

    ", + "
  • the details given for the check are incorrect
    • ", + "
  • several police forces need to be involved in the check
    • ", + "

    You cannot pay more to get a faster check.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered with DBS you can use the tracking service to track multiple applications.

    ", + "

    Checks on carers

    ", + "

    If you provide care services for adults (for example in a care home), you can use a service called DBS Adult First.

    ", + "

    This will confirm, usually within 2 days, if the applicant:

    ", + "
  • can start work, as long as they\u2019re supervised
    • ", + "
  • should wait for the results of an enhanced check
    • ", + "

    The service costs an extra \u00a36.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Jobcentre Plus help for recruiters", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jobcentre-plus-help-for-recruiters", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Jobcentre Plus has a range of recruitment services that can help you as an employer. You could get:

    ", + "
  • recruitment advice, including specialist support for businesses
    • ", + "
  • help setting up work trials to give you the opportunity to try out potential recruits
    • ", + "
  • advice about offering work experience and apprenticeships
    • ", + "
  • support from other employment schemes including sector-based training and recruitment, and business mentoring
    • ", + "
  • support if you employ someone with a disability\u00a0(Access to Work)
    • ", + "
  • advice and guidance on employing someone with a disability or health condition
    • ", + "

    You can also advertise a job with the \u2018Find a job\u2019 service (previously Universal Jobmatch).

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Recruitment advice and support

    ", + "

    Contact the Employer Services Line for advice about recruiting for your business.

    ", + "

    It can put you in touch with local \u2018employer advisors\u2019 if you need specific and practical advice. Employer advisors understand the local labour market and can help you:

    ", + "
  • design and word job vacancies
    • ", + "
  • develop pre-employment training (specific to a job)
    • ", + "
  • recruit in new and fair ways (such as offering flexible working patterns)
    • ", + "
  • access Jobcentre Plus office facilities for recruitment (where available)
    • ", + "
  • give your existing employees the chance to mentor people who want to work
    • ", + "
  • get advice and support if you need to make redundancies
    • ", + "

    The Employer Services Line can also give general advice about recruitment.

    ", + "

    Work trials

    ", + "

    A work trial is a short period in work you can offer to a jobseeker on benefits. It\u2019s a way for you both to see if the job is a good fit.

    ", + "

    It happens after you\u2019ve interviewed them for a specific role. If they\u2019re not suitable for it, you do not need to offer it to them.

    ", + "

    Jobseekers volunteer for a work trial. They keep getting their benefits whilst they\u2019re on it and are not paid a wage.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    The work trial must:

    ", + "
  • only be used as a way for you and the potential employee to decide if they\u2019re right for the role
    • ", + "
  • be for a job where the jobseeker is the only person you\u2019re considering hiring
    • ", + "
  • be for a job which is at least 16 hours a week for at least 13 weeks
    • ", + "

    You need to agree the length of the work trial with the jobseeker before it starts. It must:

    ", + "
  • end when you\u2019re sure about whether the jobseeker is suitable for the role
    • ", + "
  • last no more than 5 days if the job is for less than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • last no more than 30 days (and usually around 5 days) for jobs lasting 6 months or more
    • ", + "

    The work trial can be longer than 30 days if the jobseeker needs more time to adjust to being back at work. This needs to be agreed before the work trial starts.

    ", + "

    Jobcentre Plus will check that the employee has volunteered for the trial and that it meets the eligibility criteria.

    ", + "

    How to carry out a work trial

    ", + "

    You need to agree a work trial with Jobcentre Plus before you offer it to a jobseeker.

    ", + "

    Call the Employer Services Line to find out more.

    ", + "

    Work experience and apprenticeships

    ", + "

    Work experience

    ", + "

    Work experience is available to:

    ", + "
  • all 18 to 24 year olds
    • ", + "
  • people aged 25 and over who do not have any recent work history
    • ", + "

    If you offer a young person work experience you\u2019ll be helping to give them a better chance of finding work.

    ", + "

    Read the work experience guidance for employers to find out what\u2019s expected of you.

    ", + "

    Call the Employer Services Line if you want help to become a work experience host.

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships

    ", + "

    These are organised through the National Apprenticeship Service and often follow a period of work experience. They combine practical training with study.

    ", + "

    If you take on an apprentice, you can get funding to train them. You might also be able to get an apprenticeship grant if you run a small or medium-sized business.

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships are different in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Other employment schemes

    ", + "

    Jobcentre Plus employment schemes can help you to recruit people as well as creating opportunities for people looking for work.

    ", + "

    New Enterprise Allowance

    ", + "

    This provides Jobcentre Plus claimants with mentoring and financial support to help start their own business. You can contact the provider in your area if you want to become a mentor.

    ", + "

    Sector-based work academy programme

    ", + "

    The sector-based work academy programme provides training, work experience and a guaranteed job interview. It can help you fill your vacancies more effectively.

    ", + "

    The sector-based work academy programme is only available in England and Scotland.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "The National Minimum Wage and Living Wage", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The minimum wage a worker should get depends on their age and if they\u2019re an apprentice.

    ", + "

    The National Minimum Wage is the minimum pay per hour almost all workers are entitled to. The National Living Wage is higher than the National Minimum Wage - workers get it if they\u2019re over 23.

    ", + "

    It does not matter how small an employer is, they still have to pay the correct minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Calculate the minimum wage

    ", + "

    Use the minimum wage calculators to check if the correct minimum wage has been paid.

    ", + "

    There are separate calculators for workers and employers.

    ", + "

    Use the calculator for workers to check if you\u2019re getting the correct minimum wage or if an employer owes you payment from the previous year.

    ", + "

    Use the calculator for employers to check if you\u2019re paying the correct minimum wage or if you owe a payment from the previous year.

    ", + "

    There is also guidance on working out the minimum wage for different types of work.

    ", + "

    Call the Acas helpline or visit the Acas Helpline Online for advice about the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    Who gets the minimum wage

    ", + "

    People classed as \u2018workers\u2019 must be at least school leaving age to get the National Minimum Wage. They must be 23 or over to get the National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    Contracts for payments below the minimum wage are not legally binding. The worker is still entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    Workers are also entitled to the correct minimum wage if they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • part-time
    • ", + "
  • casual labourers, for example someone hired for one day
    • ", + "
  • agency workers
    • ", + "
  • workers and homeworkers paid by the number of items they make
    • ", + "
  • apprentices
    • ", + "
  • trainees, workers on probation
    • ", + "
  • disabled workers
    • ", + "
  • agricultural workers
    • ", + "
  • foreign workers
    • ", + "
  • seafarers
    • ", + "
  • offshore workers
    • ", + "

    Apprentices

    ", + "

    Apprentices are entitled to the apprentice rate if they\u2019re either:

    ", + "
  • under 19
    • ", + "
  • 19 or over and in the first year of their apprenticeship
    • ", + "

    Apprentices over 19 who have completed the first year of their apprenticeship are entitled to the correct minimum wage for their age.

    ", + "

    Not entitled to the minimum wage

    ", + "

    The following types of workers are not entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage:

    ", + "
  • self-employed people running their own business
    • ", + "
  • company directors
    • ", + "
  • people who are volunteers or voluntary workers
    • ", + "
  • workers on a government employment programme, such as the Work Programme
    • ", + "
  • members of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • family members of the employer living in the employer\u2019s home
    • ", + "
  • non-family members living in the employer\u2019s home who share in the work and leisure activities, are treated as one of the family and are not charged for meals or accommodation, for example au pairs
    • ", + "
  • workers younger than school leaving age (usually 16)
    • ", + "
  • higher and further education students on work experience or a work placement up to one year
    • ", + "
  • people shadowing others at work
    • ", + "
  • workers on government pre-apprenticeships schemes
    • ", + "
  • people on the following European Union (EU) programmes: Leonardo da Vinci, Erasmus+, Comenius
    • ", + "
  • people working on a Jobcentre Plus Work trial for up to 6 weeks
    • ", + "
  • share fishermen
    • ", + "
  • prisoners
    • ", + "
  • people living and working in a religious community
    • ", + "

    Employers who offer internships (sometimes called \u2018work placements\u2019 or \u2018work experience\u2019) should check if the person is entitled to the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Voluntary work

    ", + "

    You\u2019re classed as doing voluntary work if you can only get certain limited benefits (for example reasonable travel or lunch expenses) and you\u2019re working for a:

    ", + "
  • charity
    • ", + "
  • voluntary organisation or associated fundraising body
    • ", + "
  • statutory body
    • ", + "

    Contact the Acas helpline to find out if you should be getting the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Employers and the minimum wage

    ", + "

    Employers must pay workers the correct minimum wage.

    ", + "

    You can read guidance on the minimum wage rates and who they apply to.

    ", + "

    What\u2019s not included in minimum wage calculations

    ", + "

    Some payments must not be included when the minimum wage is calculated.

    ", + "

    These are:

    ", + "
  • payments that should not be included for the employer\u2019s own use or benefit, for example if the employer has paid for travel to work
    • ", + "
  • things the worker bought for the job and is not refunded for, such as tools, uniform, safety equipment
    • ", + "
  • tips, service charges and cover charges
    • ", + "
  • extra pay for working unsocial hours on a shift
    • ", + "

    Find out what counts as working time.

    ", + "

    What\u2019s included in minimum wage calculations

    ", + "

    Some payments must be included when the minimum wage is calculated.

    ", + "

    These are:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax and National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "
  • wage advances or loans
    • ", + "
  • repayment of wage advances or loans
    • ", + "
  • repayment of overpaid wages
    • ", + "
  • things the worker paid for that are not needed for the job or paid for voluntarily, such as meals
    • ", + "
  • accommodation provided by an employer above the offset rate (\u00a38.36 a day or \u00a358.52 a week)
    • ", + "
  • penalty charges for a worker\u2019s misconduct
    • ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance on calculating the minimum wage for more on what counts and does not count towards the minimum wage, eligibility, how to calculate the minimum wage and how it is enforced.

    ", + "

    Employer checks

    ", + "

    It\u2019s a criminal offence for employers to not pay someone the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage, or to fake payment records.

    ", + "

    Employers who discover they\u2019ve paid a worker below the correct minimum wage must pay any arrears immediately. Use the National Minimum Wage and National Living Wage calculator to check a worker has been paid correctly.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) officers have the right to carry out checks at any time and ask to see payment records. They can also investigate employers if a worker complains to them.

    ", + "

    If HMRC finds that an employer has not been paying the correct rates, any arrears have to be paid back immediately. There will also be a fine and offenders might be named by the government.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    It\u2019s the employer\u2019s responsibility to keep records proving that they are paying the minimum wage. These records must be kept for at least 6 years if they:

    ", + "
  • were created on or after 1 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • still had to be kept on 31 March 2021 under the previous rule that records must be kept for 3 years
    • ", + "

    The period records must be kept for starts from the last day of the pay reference period after the one they cover.

    ", + "

    They do not have to be kept in any particular form, for example they can be paper or computer records. But employers must be able to produce records for an individual pay reference period in a single document.

    ", + "

    Most employers use their payroll records as proof of:

    ", + "
  • total pay - including pay deductions, allowances and tips
    • ", + "
  • total hours worked - including absences and overtime
    • ", + "

    Employers may also need to keep records such as:

    ", + "
  • agreements about working hours, pay and conditions, such as contracts
    • ", + "
  • documents that show why a worker is not entitled to the minimum wage
    • ", + "

    Pay reference periods

    ", + "

    Pay reference periods are usually set by how often someone is paid, for example one week, one month or 10 days. A pay reference period cannot be longer than 31 days.

    ", + "

    A worker must be paid the minimum wage, on average, for the time worked in the pay reference period.

    ", + "

    Worker disputes over minimum wage

    ", + "

    Workers who think their pay is below the correct minimum wage rate should talk to their employer first.

    ", + "

    If this does not solve the problem, they can ask the employer in writing to see their payment records. The worker can take someone with them and make copies of the records.

    ", + "

    If an employer owes the worker any arrears they have to pay these back.

    ", + "

    Workers can call the confidential Acas helpline or look at the Acas Helpline Online to help them solve a payment dispute.

    ", + "

    Workers can also make a complaint to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about their employer or employment agency or complain on behalf of someone else.

    ", + "

    If the employer refuses payment

    ", + "

    If HMRC find that the employer has not paid they will send them a notice for the arrears plus a fine for not paying the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    HMRC can take them to court on behalf of the worker if the employer still refuses to pay.

    ", + "

    Employment tribunal

    ", + "

    Workers can also go directly to the employment tribunal themselves.

    ", + "

    Workers who have been dismissed because of a minimum wage dispute can also complain to the employment tribunal for unfair dismissal.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Shared Parental Leave and Pay: employer guide", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay-employer-guide", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Employees may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if they\u2019ve had a baby or adopted a child.

    ", + "

    Employees can start SPL if they\u2019re eligible and they or their partner end their maternity or adoption leave or pay early. The remaining leave will be available as SPL. The remaining pay may be available as ShPP.

    ", + "

    Employees can take SPL in up to 3 separate blocks. They can also share the leave with their partner if they\u2019re also eligible. Parents can choose how much of the SPL each of them will take.

    ", + "

    SPL and ShPP must be taken between the baby\u2019s birth and first birthday (or within 1 year of adoption).

    ", + "

    SPL and ShPP are only available in England, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Sometimes only one parent in a couple will be eligible to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). This means that they cannot share the leave.

    ", + "

    If your employee is eligible then they can use SPL to book their leave in separate blocks.

    ", + "

    Shared Parental Leave

    ", + "

    To qualify for SPL, your employee must share responsibility for the child with one of the following:

    ", + "
  • their husband, wife, civil partner or joint adopter
    • ", + "
  • the child\u2019s other parent
    • ", + "
  • their partner (if they live with them)
    • ", + "

    Your employee or their partner must be eligible for maternity pay or leave, adoption pay or leave or Maternity Allowance.

    ", + "

    They must also:

    ", + "
  • still be employed by you while they take SPL
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice including a declaration that their partner meets the employment and income requirements which allow your employee to get SPL
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day of the \u2018qualifying week\u2019, or the week they are matched with a child for adoption in the UK
    • ", + "

    The \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due.

    ", + "

    Statutory Shared Parental Pay

    ", + "

    They can get ShPP if they\u2019re an employee and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) or Statutory Adoption Pay (SAP)
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re eligible for Statutory Paternity Pay (SPP) and their partner is eligible for SMP, Maternity Allowance (MA) or SAP
    • ", + "

    They can also get ShPP if they\u2019re a worker and they\u2019re eligible for SMP or SPP.

    ", + "

    Refusing SPL or ShPP

    ", + "

    You can refuse SPL or ShPP if the employee does not qualify.

    ", + "

    You must tell the employee the reason if you refuse ShPP. You do not have to give a reason for refusing SPL.

    ", + "

    Entitlement

    ", + "

    If an employee is eligible and they or their partner end maternity or adoption leave and pay (or Maternity Allowance) early, then they can:

    ", + "
  • take the rest of the 52 weeks of leave (up to a maximum of 50 weeks) as Shared Parental Leave (SPL)
    • ", + "
  • take the rest of the 39 weeks of pay (up to a maximum of 37 weeks) as Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP)
    • ", + "

    A mother must take a minimum of 2 weeks\u2019 maternity leave following the birth (4 if she works in a factory).

    ", + "

    ShPP is paid at the rate of \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of an employee\u2019s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.

    ", + "

    Starting Shared Parental Leave

    ", + "

    For Shared Parental Leave (SPL) to start, the mother or adopter must do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • end their maternity or adoption leave by returning to work
    • ", + "
  • give you \u2018binding notice\u2019 (a decision that cannot normally be changed) of the date when they\u2019ll end their maternity or adoption leave
    • ", + "
  • end maternity pay or Maternity Allowance (if they\u2019re not entitled to maternity leave, for example they\u2019re an agency worker or self-employed)
    • ", + "

    A mother must take a minimum of 2 weeks\u2019 maternity leave following the birth (4 if she works in a factory).

    ", + "

    The adoptive parent getting Statutory Adoption Pay must take at least 2 weeks\u2019 adoption leave. They can take it from the day of the placement, or up to 14 days before the placement starts.

    ", + "

    The mother must give you notice (at least 8 weeks) to end her maternity pay, or tell Jobcentre Plus to end her Maternity Allowance. Adopters must give you notice to end adoption pay.

    ", + "

    SPL can start for the partner while the mother or adopter is still on maternity or adoption leave if she\u2019s given binding notice to end her leave (or pay if she\u2019s not entitled to leave).

    ", + "

    What the employee must do

    ", + "

    The employee must give you written notice if they want to start SPL or Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). They can do this using forms created by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas).

    ", + "

    After receiving this notice, you can ask for:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the child\u2019s birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of their partner\u2019s employer
    • ", + "

    You have 14 days to ask for this information. Your employee then has a further 14 days to provide it.

    ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    An employee must give at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice of any leave they wish to take. If the child is born more than 8 weeks early, this notice period can be shorter.

    ", + "

    Your employee has a statutory right to a maximum of 3 separate blocks of leave, although you can allow more if you wish.

    ", + "

    Cancelling the decision to end maternity or adoption leave

    ", + "

    The mother or adopter may be able to change their decision to end maternity or adoption leave early if both:

    ", + "
  • the planned end date has not passed
    • ", + "
  • they have not already returned to work
    • ", + "

    One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s discovered during the 8-week notice period that neither partner is eligible for either SPL or ShPP
    • ", + "
  • the employee\u2019s partner has died
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 6 weeks after the birth (and the mother gave notice before the birth)
    • ", + "

    Shared parental leave in touch (SPLIT) days

    ", + "

    Your employee can work up to 20 days during SPL without bringing it to an end. These are called \u2018shared parental leave in touch\u2019 (or SPLIT) days.

    ", + "

    These days are in addition to the 10 \u2018keeping in touch\u2019 (or KIT) days already available to those on maternity or adoption leave.

    ", + "

    Keeping in touch days are optional - both you and your employee must agree to them.

    ", + "

    Blocks of leave

    ", + "

    An employee taking Shared Parental Leave (SPL) can split their leave into up to 3 separate blocks instead of taking it all in one go, even if they are not sharing the leave with their partner.

    ", + "

    If both parents are taking SPL then they can take their leave at the same time as each other or at different times.

    ", + "

    The employee must give you at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice before a block of leave begins.

    ", + "

    Splitting blocks

    ", + "

    If you agree, the employee can split a block of leave into shorter periods of at least a week. For example they could work every other week during a 12-week block, using a total of 6 weeks of their SPL.

    ", + "

    You cannot turn down a request for a block of leave if the employee is eligible and gives you the right notice. You do not have to agree to the employee breaking the block of leave into shorter periods.

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:

    ", + "
  • the evidence provided by the employee to show that they\u2019re eligible for ShPP
    • ", + "
  • the date ShPP began
    • ", + "
  • your ShPP payments (including dates)
    • ", + "
  • the ShPP you\u2019ve reclaimed
    • ", + "
  • any weeks you did not pay and why
    • ", + "

    You must keep records for at least 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.

    ", + "

    Help with statutory pay

    ", + "

    For financial help with statutory pay, you can:

    ", + "
  • reclaim payments (usually 92%)
    • ", + "
  • apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Statutory Adoption Pay and Leave: employer guide", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-adoption-pay-leave", + "contents": [ + "

    Entitlement

    ", + "

    When an employee takes time off to adopt a child or have a child through a surrogacy arrangement they might be eligible for Statutory Adoption Pay and Leave.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Leave

    ", + "

    Employees can take up to 52 weeks\u2019 Statutory Adoption Leave. The first 26 weeks is known as \u2018Ordinary Adoption Leave\u2019, the last 26 weeks as \u2018Additional Adoption Leave\u2019.

    ", + "

    Leave can start:

    ", + "
  • on the date the child starts living with the employee or up to 14 days before the expected placement date (UK adoptions)
    • ", + "
  • when an employee has been matched with a child to be placed with them by a UK adoption agency
    • ", + "
  • when the child arrives in the UK or within 28 days of this date (overseas adoptions)
    • ", + "
  • the day the child\u2019s born or the day after (parents in surrogacy arrangements)
    • ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay (SAP) for employees is:

    ", + "
  • 90% of their gross average weekly earnings for the first 6 weeks
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their gross average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks
    • ", + "

    Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.

    ", + "

    Calculate an employee\u2019s adoption leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator.

    ", + "

    Some employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement.

    ", + "

    Extra leave or pay

    ", + "

    You can offer more than the statutory amounts if you have a company scheme for adoption leave and pay. You must make sure your scheme\u2019s policies are clear and available to staff.

    ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    An employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during adoption leave. You still have to pay Statutory Adoption Pay even if you stop trading.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Some employees will not qualify for both leave and pay.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Leave

    ", + "

    Employees must:

    ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • be classed as an employee
    • ", + "

    They do not have to give you proof of the adoption or surrogacy unless you ask for it.

    ", + "

    Leave for employees adopting a child from overseas

    ", + "

    Employee must also sign form SC6 if they\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms they\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay

    ", + "

    Employees must:

    ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the week they were matched with a child
    • ", + "
  • be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week in an 8-week period - the \u2018relevant period\u2019
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give you proof of the adoption
    • ", + "

    If your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    Use the adoption pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their matching week, relevant period, notice period and adoption pay.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave, become sick or if they or their child dies.

    ", + "

    Pay for employees adopting a child from overseas

    ", + "

    The requirements are the same for employees adopting from overseas, except they must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks at the start of the week when the pay will begin.

    ", + "

    They must also sign form SC6 if they\u2019re adopting with a partner. This confirms they\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.

    ", + "

    Pay for employees in surrogacy arrangements

    ", + "

    The requirements are the same for employees in surrogacy arrangements, except they must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the 15th week before the baby is due.

    ", + "

    If you ask for it, they must also give you proof that they intend to become the baby\u2019s legal parent.

    ", + "

    Who cannot qualify

    ", + "

    Employees will not qualify for either adoption leave or pay if they:

    ", + "
  • become a special guardian or kinship carer
    • ", + "
  • adopt a stepchild or family member
    • ", + "
  • adopt privately, for example without permission from a UK authority or adoption agency
    • ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    Notice does not have to be in writing unless you request it.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay

    ", + "

    Employees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice before they want to be paid Statutory Adoption Pay, unless the time between the child being matched and placed is less than that.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Leave

    ", + "

    Within 7 days of being matched with a child, employees must tell you:

    ", + "
  • how much leave they want
    • ", + "
  • their leave start date
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018date of placement\u2019 - the expected or actual date the child is placed with them
    • ", + "

    You have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for overseas adoptions and surrogacy arrangements.

    ", + "

    Leave for employees adopting a child from overseas

    ", + "

    Within 28 days of getting their \u2018official notification\u2019, employees adopting from overseas must tell you the date of the notification and when they expect the child to arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019ve worked for you for less than 26 weeks, they can tell you within 28 days of the Sunday in their 26th week instead.

    ", + "

    They must also tell you:

    ", + "
  • the actual date the child arrives in the UK - within 28 days of this date
    • ", + "
  • how much leave they want and when they want it to start - giving you 28 days\u2019 notice
    • ", + "

    You have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.

    ", + "

    Leave for employees in surrogacy arrangements

    ", + "

    At least 15 weeks before the due date, employees in surrogacy arrangements must tell you when the baby is due and when they want to start their leave. You can ask for this in writing.

    ", + "

    You have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.

    ", + "

    Changes to leave dates

    ", + "

    Employees must tell you about changes to leave dates at least 28 days before their original start date or the new start date - whichever is earlier.

    ", + "

    You must write to them if you have to amend their leave start and end dates.

    ", + "

    Employees must give 8 weeks\u2019 notice if they want to change the date they return to work.

    ", + "

    Proof of adoption

    ", + "

    Employees must give you proof of adoption to qualify for Statutory Adoption Pay. Proof is not needed for Statutory Adoption Leave unless you ask for it.

    ", + "

    For adoption, the proof must show the:

    ", + "
  • name and address of the agency and employee
    • ", + "
  • date the child was matched, for example the matching certificate
    • ", + "
  • expected or actual date of placement, for example a letter from the agency
    • ", + "
  • relevant UK authority\u2019s \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming the parent is allowed to adopt (overseas adoptions only)
    • ", + "
  • date the child arrived in the UK, for example a plane ticket (overseas adoptions only)
    • ", + "

    You must keep records of the proof.

    ", + "

    Surrogacy arrangements

    ", + "

    Proof is not needed for leave or pay unless you ask for it.

    ", + "

    If you ask, employees must give you a written statement (\u2018statutory declaration\u2019) to confirm that they:

    ", + "
  • intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth
    • ", + "
  • expect the order to be granted (for example because they do not have any convictions involving children, and the birth mother or father agree to the arrangement)
    • ", + "

    Refusing pay or leave

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Leave

    ", + "

    You cannot refuse adoption leave or change the amount of leave employees want to take off.

    ", + "

    For adoption, you can delay the start date if the employee does not have a reasonable excuse for giving you the wrong amount of notice. To delay it, write to them within 28 days of their leave request.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay

    ", + "

    You can refuse Statutory Adoption Pay if the employee does not qualify.

    ", + "

    To refuse it, give the employee form SAP1 within 7 days of your decision. They must get this form within 28 days of their request for Statutory Adoption Pay or the date they were matched with the child (whichever is earlier).

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:

    ", + "
  • proof of adoption
    • ", + "
  • the date Statutory Adoption Pay started
    • ", + "
  • the payments of Statutory Adoption Pay you\u2019ve made - including dates
    • ", + "
  • the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed
    • ", + "
  • any weeks you did not pay and why
    • ", + "

    You must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to (for example by using form SAP2 or keeping your own records).

    ", + "

    Help with statutory pay

    ", + "

    For financial help with statutory pay, you can:

    ", + "
  • reclaim payments (usually 92%)
    • ", + "
  • apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Statutory Maternity Pay and Leave: employer guide", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave", + "contents": [ + "

    Entitlement

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Leave

    ", + "

    Eligible employees can take up to 52 weeks\u2019 maternity leave. The first 26 weeks is known as \u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019, the last 26 weeks as \u2018Additional Maternity Leave\u2019.

    ", + "

    The earliest that leave can be taken is 11 weeks before the expected week of childbirth, unless the baby is born early.

    ", + "

    Employees must take at least 2 weeks after the birth (or 4 weeks if they\u2019re a factory worker).

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)

    ", + "

    SMP for eligible employees can be paid for up to 39 weeks, usually as follows:

    ", + "
  • the first 6 weeks: 90% of their average weekly earnings (AWE) before tax
    • ", + "
  • the remaining 33 weeks: \u00a3151.97 or 90% of their AWE (whichever is lower)
    • ", + "

    Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.

    ", + "

    Use the SMP calculator to work out an employee\u2019s maternity leave and pay.

    ", + "

    Some employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement.

    ", + "

    Extra leave or pay

    ", + "

    You can offer more than the statutory amounts if you have a company maternity scheme. You must make sure your maternity leave and pay policies are clear and available to staff.

    ", + "

    If the baby is born early

    ", + "

    Leave starts the day after the birth if the baby is born early.

    ", + "

    The employee must give you the child\u2019s birth certificate or a document signed by a doctor or midwife that confirms the actual date of birth.

    ", + "

    You must write to them confirming the new end date for their leave.

    ", + "

    For very premature births where the child is born 15 weeks or more before the due date, you\u2019ll need to calculate SMP using your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.

    ", + "

    If the baby dies

    ", + "

    Employees still qualify for leave or pay if the baby:

    ", + "
  • is stillborn after the start of the 24th week of pregnancy
    • ", + "
  • dies after being born
    • ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    An employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during maternity leave.

    ", + "

    You still have to pay SMP even if you stop trading.

    ", + "

    Eligibility and proof of pregnancy

    ", + "

    Some employees will not qualify for both leave and pay.

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Leave

    ", + "

    Employees must:

    ", + "
  • have an employment contract - it does not matter how long they\u2019ve worked for you
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)

    ", + "

    Employees must:

    ", + "
  • be on your payroll in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 - the 15th week before the expected week of childbirth
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give you proof they\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the qualifying week
    • ", + "
  • earn at least \u00a3120 a week (gross) in an 8-week \u2018relevant period\u2019
    • ", + "

    If your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    Use the maternity pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their relevant period, notice period and statutory maternity pay.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for some employee situations (for example if they leave, become sick or their baby is born before the qualifying week).

    ", + "

    Proof of pregnancy

    ", + "

    You must get proof of the pregnancy before you pay SMP. This is usually a doctor\u2019s letter or a maternity certificate (known as an MATB1 certificate). Midwives and doctors usually issue these 20 weeks before the due date.

    ", + "

    The employee should give you proof within 21 days of the SMP start date. You can agree to accept it later if you want. You do not have to pay SMP if you have not received proof of the due date 13 weeks after the SMP start date.

    ", + "

    You must keep records of the proof of pregnancy.

    ", + "

    Employees not entitled to SMP may be able to get Maternity Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    Notice does not have to be in writing unless you request it.

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Leave

    ", + "

    At least 15 weeks before the baby is expected, your employees must tell you the date that:

    ", + "
  • the baby is due
    • ", + "
  • they want to start their maternity leave - they can change this with 28 days\u2019 notice
    • ", + "

    You must then confirm their leave start and end dates in writing within 28 days.

    ", + "

    Employees can change their return to work date if they give 8 weeks\u2019 notice.

    ", + "

    You cannot refuse maternity leave or change the amount of leave your employees want to take.

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)

    ", + "

    Your employees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice of the date they want to start their SMP. This is usually the same date they want to start their leave.

    ", + "

    You can refuse to pay SMP if your employee does not give you this notice and they do not give you a reasonable excuse.

    ", + "

    Refuse pay form SMP1

    ", + "

    You can refuse Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) if the employee does not qualify. They may be able to get Maternity Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    To refuse it, give the employee the SMP1 form within 7 days of your decision. They must get this form within 28 days of their request for Statutory Maternity Pay or the birth (whichever is earlier).

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:

    ", + "
  • proof of pregnancy - usually a doctor\u2019s note or a MATB1 certificate (a photocopy is fine)
    • ", + "
  • the date SMP began
    • ", + "
  • your SMP payments (including dates)
    • ", + "
  • the SMP you\u2019ve reclaimed
    • ", + "
  • any weeks you did not pay and why
    • ", + "

    You must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to, for example by using form SMP2 or keeping your own records.

    ", + "

    Help with statutory pay

    ", + "

    For financial help with statutory pay, you can:

    ", + "
  • reclaim payments (usually 92%)
    • ", + "
  • apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay and Leave: employer guide", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-parental-bereavement-pay-leave", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    An employee may be eligible for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if they or their partner either:

    ", + "
  • has a child who has died under 18 years old
    • ", + "
  • had a stillbirth after 24 weeks of pregnancy
    • ", + "

    The death or stillbirth must have happened on or after 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    An employee can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave from the first day of their employment for each child who has died or was stillborn.

    ", + "

    They can choose to take:

    ", + "
  • 2 weeks together
    • ", + "
  • 2 separate weeks of leave
    • ", + "
  • only one week of leave
    • ", + "

    The leave:

    ", + "
  • can start on or after the date of the death or stillbirth
    • ", + "
  • must finish within 56 weeks of the date of the death or stillbirth
    • ", + "

    Taking leave with other types of statutory leave

    ", + "

    If the employee was on another type of statutory leave when the death or stillbirth happened, Parental Bereavement Leave must start after that other leave has ended. This includes if the statutory leave is for another child.

    ", + "

    If an employee\u2019s Parental Bereavement Leave is interrupted by the start of another type of statutory leave, they can take their remaining entitlement to Parental Bereavement Leave after that other leave has ended.

    ", + "

    The remaining Parental Bereavement Leave must still be taken within 56 weeks of the date of death or stillbirth.

    ", + "

    Parental Bereavement Leave can be taken between blocks of shared parental leave which had already been booked when the child died, even if the shared parental leave is for another child.

    ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay for an eligible employee is either \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their average weekly earnings (whichever is lower). Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.

    ", + "

    Calculate an employee\u2019s Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay using Basic PAYE tools or guidance on manual calculation.

    ", + "

    Some employment types, like agency workers, directors and educational workers, have different rules for entitlement.

    ", + "

    Extra leave or pay

    ", + "

    Your company can offer more leave and pay but you can only recover 2 weeks\u2019 payment for each employee and for each death.

    ", + "

    You should make sure your Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay policies are clear and easily accessible to staff.

    ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    An employee\u2019s rights (like the right to pay rises, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during Parental Bereavement Leave.

    ", + "

    You still have to pay Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay even if you stop trading.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To qualify for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, an employee must meet the criteria both as a parent (including if they had day to day responsibility) and an employee. They might not be eligible for both.

    ", + "

    If the employee was the child\u2019s parent or the parent\u2019s partner

    ", + "

    An employee will be eligible if, at the time of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they were:

    ", + "
  • the child\u2019s or baby\u2019s parent - either biological, adoptive or parent of a child born to a surrogate
    • ", + "
  • the partner of the child\u2019s or baby\u2019s parent
    • ", + "

    Biological parents are not eligible once an adoption or parental order has been made unless there was a contact order in place after the adoption.

    ", + "

    If the employee was not the child\u2019s parent but had day to day responsibility for the child

    ", + "

    An employee may be eligible if they or their partner had:

    ", + "
  • the child or baby living with them at their home for 4 continuous weeks, ending with the date of the death
    • ", + "
  • day to day responsibility for the child or baby\u2019s care during that time
    • ", + "

    If the employee or their partner was paid to look after the child, they\u2019re not entitled to leave or pay unless they were:

    ", + "
  • a foster parent paid a fee or allowance by a local authority
    • ", + "
  • reimbursed for expenses to do with the care of the child or baby
    • ", + "
  • getting payments under the terms of a will or trust for the child or baby\u2019s care
    • ", + "

    An employee is not eligible if one of the child or baby\u2019s parents or someone who had parental responsibility (parental responsibilities in Scotland) for the child was also living in the household.

    ", + "

    If the employee was an adoptive parent

    ", + "

    If they or their partner was an adoptive parent, an employee is eligible:

    ", + "
  • after the adoption order was granted
    • ", + "
  • before the adoption order was granted, if the child was placed with them for adoption and the placement was not disrupted (for example, being temporarily placed elsewhere) or stopped
    • ", + "

    If the employee was an adoptive parent of a child from outside the United Kingdom

    ", + "

    If the employee or their partner was adopting a child from outside the United Kingdom and the court order had not yet been made, they may still be eligible. Both of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • the child was living with them after entering Great Britain
    • ", + "
  • they have the \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming they were allowed to adopt
    • ", + "

    If the employee had a baby with the help of a surrogate parent

    ", + "

    If they or their partner were a parent of a child born to a surrogate, an employee is eligible:

    ", + "
  • after a parental order was made
    • ", + "
  • before a parental order was made if they had applied or intended to apply for a parental order within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth and expected it to be granted
    • ", + "

    Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    To get Parental Bereavement Leave, the employee must also:

    ", + "
  • be classed as an employee - it does not matter how long they\u2019ve worked for you
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice for Parental Bereavement Leave
    • ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    To get Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, the employee must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to the end of the \u2018relevant week\u2019. The \u2018relevant week\u2019 is the week (ending with a Saturday) immediately before the week of the death or stillbirth.

    ", + "

    They must also:

    ", + "
  • remain employed by you up to the day the child dies or is stillborn
    • ", + "
  • earn on average \u00a3120 a week (gross)
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay
    • ", + "

    If your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    Use the guidance on manual calculation to check entitlement and to work out the relevant week.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave or become sick.

    ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    An employee must give notice for Parental Bereavement Leave as well as evidence for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay.

    ", + "

    Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    An employee has 56 weeks to take Parental Bereavement Leave. This starts from the date of the child\u2019s death.

    ", + "

    The 56 weeks is split into 2 periods:

    ", + "
  • from the date of the death or stillbirth to 8 weeks after
    • ", + "
  • 9 to 56 weeks after the date of the death or stillbirth
    • ", + "

    They can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave in one block or as 2 separate blocks of one week.

    ", + "

    You must get notice from the employee before they take Parental Bereavement Leave. How much notice depends on when they\u2019re taking leave.

    ", + "

    0 to 8 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth

    ", + "

    An employee must give you notice before the time they would normally start work on the first day of the period they want to take off work.

    ", + "

    9 to 56 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth

    ", + "

    An employee must give you at least one week\u2019s notice before the start of the week or weeks they want to take off work.

    ", + "

    How employees should give you notice

    ", + "

    They should tell you:

    ", + "
  • the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth
    • ", + "
  • when they want their Parental Bereavement Leave to begin
    • ", + "
  • how much leave they are taking - either 1 or 2 weeks
    • ", + "

    An employee can give you notice informally, for example by phone, text message or email.

    ", + "

    You cannot ask for:

    ", + "
  • notice for leave in writing (such as following up with an email, letter or form)
    • ", + "
  • notice to cancel leave in writing
    • ", + "
  • evidence of entitlement for leave
    • ", + "
  • details about the employee\u2019s relationship to the child or baby
    • ", + "

    Cancelling Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    An employee can cancel their Parental Bereavement Leave if they\u2019ve given you more than the required notice for taking leave.

    ", + "

    If they were starting the leave within 8 weeks of the death or stillbirth, they must let you know about the cancellation no later than the time they would normally start work on the first day of planned leave.

    ", + "

    If they were starting the leave 9 weeks or later after the death or stillbirth, they must let you know no later than one week before the start of the planned leave.

    ", + "

    They can rebook another week\u2019s leave if they cancel before the leave was due to start and they give you the correct notice.

    ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    An employee must ask for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay within 28 days, starting with the first day of the week they want to claim pay for.

    ", + "

    They must give you in writing (for example, a letter or email) each time:

    ", + "
  • the dates of the period the want to claim Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay
    • ", + "
  • their name
    • ", + "
  • the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth
    • ", + "

    The employee will also need to give you a self declaration to confirm they are eligible because of their relationship to the child or baby - they only need to provide this once when they first ask for pay.

    ", + "

    Cancelling Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    An employee can cancel their Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if they\u2019ve given you more than the required notice for claiming pay.

    ", + "

    If their pay was due to start within 8 weeks of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they must give you notice on the first day of the week of pay they want to cancel.

    ", + "

    If their pay was due to start 9 weeks or later after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they must tell you they want to cancel one week before their pay was due to start.

    ", + "

    Non-payment form

    ", + "

    You can refuse Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if the employee does not qualify.

    ", + "

    To do this, send them a completed non-payment form (SPBP1) or your own equivalent form within 28 days of their pay request with evidence. You should keep a record of the week which was refused and the reason why.

    ", + "

    If an employee is unhappy with your decision, they can contact the HMRC Statutory Payments Disputes Team. They must do this within 6 months of the start date of the Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay period they claimed.

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:

    ", + "
  • the start date for any period Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay was paid
    • ", + "
  • the payments you\u2019ve made (including dates)
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the evidence of entitlement from the employee for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay including their written declaration, name and date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth
    • ", + "
  • details of any weeks the employee claimed Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay but you did not pay and the reason why
    • ", + "

    You must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.

    ", + "

    You can use HMRC\u2019s record keeping form (SPBP2) or your own.

    ", + "

    Get help with statutory pay

    ", + "

    For financial help with statutory pay, you can:

    ", + "
  • reclaim payments
    • ", + "
  • apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments
    • ", + "

    Apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments

    ", + "

    You can apply online for an advance to pay for an employee\u2019s Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay.

    ", + "

    Before you start, you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your employer PAYE reference
    • ", + "
  • your payment or account office reference numbers - this is on the letter when you first registered as an employer
    • ", + "
  • the amount of tax or National Insurance owed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society details for you or the third party it\u2019s being paid to
    • ", + "
  • a completed R38 form if the advance is being paid to a third party
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need information about the employee including their:

    ", + "
  • National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • average weekly earnings
    • ", + "
  • parental bereavement leave and pay arrangements - you can get this information from their self declaration
    • ", + "

    Your advance can be paid either by BACS or payable order.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you\u2019ve got questions about advance payments.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Apply online for an advance if you have a Government Gateway user ID and password.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a Government Gateway user ID and password, you can apply online for an advance using a valid email address.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    If the advance is being paid to a third party and you\u2019re sending a completed R38 form by post, send it to HMRC within 4 weeks of applying for an advance.

    ", + "

    Once your application has been approved, the money will be paid to the bank or building society account you provided or you\u2019ll be sent a cheque (payable order), depending on which payment option you chose.

    ", + "

    If there are any issues with your application, HMRC will contact you directly.

    ", + "

    Paying back your advance payment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay back your advance payment through Employer Payment Summary (EPS).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave: employer guide", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-paternity-pay-leave", + "contents": [ + "

    Entitlement

    ", + "

    Employees may be eligible for Statutory Paternity Leave and Pay if they and their partner are:

    ", + "
  • having a baby
    • ", + "
  • adopting a child
    • ", + "
  • having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement
    • ", + "

    Statutory Paternity Leave

    ", + "

    Employees can choose to take either 1 week or 2 consecutive weeks\u2019 leave. The amount of time is the same even if they have more than one child (for example twins).

    ", + "

    Leave cannot start before the birth. The start date must be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the actual date of birth
    • ", + "
  • an agreed number of days after the birth
    • ", + "
  • an agreed number of days after the expected week of childbirth
    • ", + "

    Leave must finish within 56 days of the birth (or due date if the baby is early). The start and end dates are different if the employee is adopting.

    ", + "

    Statutory Paternity Pay

    ", + "

    Statutory Paternity Pay for eligible employees is either \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their average weekly earnings (whichever is lower). Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.

    ", + "

    Calculate an employee\u2019s paternity leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator.

    ", + "

    Some employment types, like agency workers, directors and educational workers, have different rules for entitlement.

    ", + "

    Extra leave or pay

    ", + "

    Employees can get more leave or pay if:

    ", + "
  • their partner returns to work and they qualify for Shared Parental Leave and Pay
    • ", + "
  • your company scheme offers more
    • ", + "

    You must make sure your paternity leave and pay policies are clear and easily accessible to staff.

    ", + "

    Leave for antenatal appointments

    ", + "

    Employees can take unpaid leave to accompany a pregnant woman to antenatal appointments if they are:

    ", + "
  • the baby\u2019s father
    • ", + "
  • the expectant mother\u2019s spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • in a long term relationship with the expectant mother
    • ", + "
  • the intended parent (if they\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)
    • ", + "

    They can accompany the woman to 2 appointments of up to 6 and a half hours each.

    ", + "

    If the baby dies

    ", + "

    Employees still qualify for paternity leave and pay if the baby is either:

    ", + "
  • stillborn from 24 weeks of pregnancy
    • ", + "
  • born alive at any point in the pregnancy but later dies
    • ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    An employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during paternity leave. You still have to pay Statutory Paternity Pay even if you stop trading.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Employees must be one of the following, the:

    ", + "
  • father
    • ", + "
  • husband or partner of the mother (or adopter)
    • ", + "
  • child\u2019s adopter
    • ", + "
  • intended parent (if they\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)
    • ", + "

    Employees must also:

    ", + "
  • be classed as an employee (paternity leave only)
    • ", + "
  • be employed by you up to the date the child is born (or placed with the adopter) (paternity pay only)
    • ", + "
  • be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week (gross) in an 8 week \u2018relevant period\u2019 (paternity pay only)
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • be taking time off to look after the child or their partner
    • ", + "
  • be responsible for the child\u2019s upbringing
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019
    • ", + "

    If your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    The qualifying week is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if the employee is adopting.

    ", + "

    Use the paternity pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their relevant period, notice period and paternity pay.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave or become sick.

    ", + "

    If the child is born early

    ", + "

    If the child is born early, the employee is still eligible if they would have worked for you continuously for at least 26 weeks by the qualifying week.

    ", + "

    For very premature births where the child is born 15 weeks before the due date, you\u2019ll need to calculate paternity pay using your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.

    ", + "

    Employees in surrogacy arrangements

    ", + "

    Parents intending to have a child through a surrogacy arrangement may be eligible for Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave.

    ", + "

    If you ask, they must give you a written statement to confirm that they\u2019ve applied or intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth.

    ", + "

    Employees cannot get Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave if they\u2019ve taken Shared Parental Leave.

    ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    The notice periods and forms are different if the employee is adopting.

    ", + "

    Statutory Paternity Leave

    ", + "

    Employees must tell you at least 15 weeks before the week the baby is expected:

    ", + "
  • the baby\u2019s due date
    • ", + "
  • when they want their leave to start - they can change this with 28 days\u2019 notice
    • ", + "
  • how much leave they want
    • ", + "

    Notice does not have to be in writing unless you request it. Employees can use form SC3 to ask for leave and pay.

    ", + "

    Statutory Paternity Pay

    ", + "

    Employees must request paternity pay at least 15 weeks before the week the baby is expected using form SC3 (or your own version). Take a copy and give the original back to the employee.

    ", + "

    Employees having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement must use form SC4 to request leave and pay.

    ", + "

    Late notice

    ", + "

    You can delay the leave or pay start date if the employee does not have a reasonable excuse for giving you the wrong amount of notice. To delay it, write to them within 28 days of their leave request.

    ", + "

    Adoption

    ", + "

    Eligible employees are entitled to paternity leave and pay if they\u2019re adopting a child.

    ", + "

    Calculate an employee\u2019s paternity leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator. For overseas adoptions you\u2019ll need to use your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    An employee adopting a child must:

    ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the week they were matched with a child (UK adoptions)
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks by either the date the child arrives in the UK or when they want their pay to start (overseas adoptions)
    • ", + "
  • confirm that their partner is getting Statutory Adoption Pay in writing or by giving you a copy of their partner\u2019s form SC6
    • ", + "
  • meet the other eligibility conditions for paternity leave or pay
    • ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    An employee adopting a child must send you form SC4 for:

    ", + "
  • leave - no later than 7 days of their co-adopter or partner being matched with a child
    • ", + "
  • pay - 28 days before they want their pay to start
    • ", + "

    For overseas adoptions the form and notice period is different. The process is explained on form SC5.

    ", + "

    Leave start date

    ", + "

    An employee taking paternity leave because they\u2019re adopting can start their leave:

    ", + "
  • on the date of placement
    • ", + "
  • an agreed number of days after the date of placement
    • ", + "
  • on the date the child arrives in the UK or an agreed number of days after this (overseas adoptions)
    • ", + "

    For overseas adoptions leave must be taken within 56 days of the date of placement or the child\u2019s arrival in the UK.

    ", + "

    Proof of adoption

    ", + "

    Employees must give you proof of adoption to qualify for paternity pay. Proof is not needed for paternity leave unless you request it. Proof can be a letter from their adoption agency or their matching certificate.

    ", + "

    You must keep records of the proof.

    ", + "

    Refuse pay form SPP1

    ", + "

    You can refuse Statutory Paternity Pay if the employee does not qualify. To do this send them form SPP1 within 28 days of their pay request. You must keep a copy.

    ", + "

    The employee can ask you for a written statement explaining your decision. You have to give this to them within a reasonable time, for example 7 working days.

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:

    ", + "
  • the date Statutory Paternity Pay started
    • ", + "
  • the paternity payments you\u2019ve made (including dates)
    • ", + "
  • the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed
    • ", + "
  • any weeks you did not pay and why
    • ", + "
  • if adopting, a letter from the adoption agency or a matching certificate
    • ", + "

    You must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to (for example by using form SPP2 or keeping your own records).

    ", + "

    Help with statutory pay

    ", + "

    For financial help with statutory pay, you can:

    ", + "
  • reclaim payments (usually 92%)
    • ", + "
  • apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Statutory Sick Pay (SSP): employer guide", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your employees may be eligible for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP), which is \u00a396.35 a week for up to 28 weeks.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You can offer more if you have a company sick pay scheme (you cannot offer less). Company schemes are also called \u2018contractual\u2019 or \u2018occupational\u2019 sick pay and must be included in an employment contract.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate guide to Statutory Sick Pay if you\u2019re an employee.

    ", + "

    If your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You must pay an employee SSP if they\u2019re self-isolating and off work for at least 4 days and any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they or someone they live with has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve been in contact with someone with COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • someone in their support bubble (or your \u2018extended household\u2019 if you live in Scotland or Wales) has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ve been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "

    You must pay your employee from the first \u2018qualifying day\u2019 they\u2019re off work. The date will depend on why they\u2019re off work.

    ", + "

    You must pay them on or after one of the following dates:

    ", + "
  • 13 March 2020 - if they or someone they live with has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • 28 May 2020 - if your employee has been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • 6 July 2020 - if someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • 26 August 2020 - if your employee has been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "

    A \u2018qualifying day\u2019 is a day an employee usually works on.

    ", + "

    Reclaiming SSP

    ", + "

    You can reclaim up to 2 weeks\u2019 SSP if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your employee was off work because they had COVID-19 or were self-isolating
    • ", + "
  • your employee was off work because they were shielding - before 26 April 2021 in Scotland, before 12 April 2021 in Northern Ireland and before 1 April 2021 in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • your PAYE payroll scheme started on or before 28 February 2020
    • ", + "
  • you had fewer than 250 employees on 28 February 2020
    • ", + "

    You can reclaim up to \u00a396.35 a week for each employee.

    ", + "

    You cannot reclaim SSP if your employee is off sick for any other reason.

    ", + "

    Find out what other support you can get if your business is affected by COVID-19.

    ", + "

    Holiday (or \u2018annual leave\u2019)

    ", + "

    Statutory annual leave is accrued while the employee is off work sick (no matter how long they\u2019re off) and can be taken during sick leave.

    ", + "

    Entitlement

    ", + "

    The weekly rate for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is \u00a396.35 for up to 28 weeks. It is paid:

    ", + "
  • for the days an employee normally works - called \u2018qualifying days\u2019
    • ", + "
  • in the same way as wages, for example on the normal payday, deducting tax and National insurance
    • ", + "

    Use the SSP calculator to work out the actual amount, for example for a daily rate.

    ", + "

    Some employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement. You may still have to pay SSP even if you stop trading.

    ", + "

    You cannot force your employees to take annual leave when they\u2019re eligible for sick leave.

    ", + "

    When to start paying SSP

    ", + "

    SSP is paid when the employee is sick for at least 4 days in a row (including non-working days).

    ", + "

    You cannot count a day as a sick day if an employee has worked for a minute or more before they go home sick.

    ", + "

    If an employee works a shift that ends the day after it started and becomes sick during the shift or after it has finished, the second day will count as a sick day.

    ", + "

    If your employee is off sick or self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19) or has tested positive for COVID-19

    ", + "

    From 13 March 2020 you start paying SSP from the first \u2018qualifying day\u2019 an employee is off work, as long as they are off for at least 4 days in a row. This includes non-working days.

    ", + "

    If an employee was off sick with COVID-19 symptoms before 13 March, you start paying SSP from the fourth qualifying day.

    ", + "

    If an employee was self-isolating before 13 March because someone they live with had symptoms, you start paying SSP from 13 March.

    ", + "

    If an employee is self-isolating because they\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, you start paying SSP from 28 May.

    ", + "

    If an employee was self-isolating before 6 July because someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) but not their own household had symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19, you start paying SSP from 6 July.

    ", + "

    If an employee is self-isolating because they\u2019ve been advised to do so by a doctor or healthcare professional before going into hospital for surgery, you start paying SSP from 26 August.

    ", + "

    When to stop paying SSP

    ", + "

    SSP stops when the employee comes back to work or no longer qualifies.

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep records of SSP you\u2019ve paid to an employee who was off work because of COVID-19 if you want to reclaim it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep the following records for 3 years after the end of the tax year you paid SSP:

    ", + "
  • the dates the employee was off sick
    • ", + "
  • which of those dates were qualifying days
    • ", + "
  • the reason they said they were off work
    • ", + "
  • the employee\u2019s National Insurance number
    • ", + "

    You do not need to keep records of SSP paid to employees who are off sick for another reason.

    ", + "

    You can choose how you keep records of your employees\u2019 sickness absence. HMRC may need to see these records if there\u2019s a dispute over payment of SSP.

    ", + "

    Eligibility and form SSP1

    ", + "

    To qualify for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) employees must:

    ", + "
  • have an employment contract
    • ", + "
  • have done some work under their contract
    • ", + "
  • have been sick for 4 or more days in a row (including non-working days) - known as a \u2018period of incapacity for work\u2019
    • ", + "
  • earn an average of at least \u00a3120 per week
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give you proof of their illness, only after 7 days off
    • ", + "

    Employees who have been paid less than 8 weeks of earnings still qualify for SSP. Use the sick pay calculator to work out how much to pay them.

    ", + "

    An employee\u2019s period of incapacity for work is not interrupted if they take annual leave during that time.

    ", + "

    Employees can qualify for sick pay from more than one job.

    ", + "

    They could also qualify in one job but be fit for work in another, for example if one job is physical work that they cannot do while ill but the other is office-based.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) eligibility

    ", + "

    Your employees qualify for SSP if they meet the criteria and cannot work if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • were self-isolating on or after 13 March 2020 because they or someone they live with had COVID-19 or symptoms of COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • started self-isolating on or after 28 May 2020 because they were notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • were self-isolating on or after 6 July 2020 because someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) but not their own household had symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • have tested positive for COVID-19 since 5 August 2020
    • ", + "
  • were self-isolating on or after 26 August because they had been advised to do so by a doctor or healthcare professional before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "

    Employees will not qualify for SSP if they are self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK, and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    Employees do not qualify for SSP if they:

    ", + "
  • have received the maximum amount of SSP (28 weeks)
    • ", + "
  • are getting Statutory Maternity Pay or Maternity Allowance - there are special rules for pregnant women and new mothers who do not get these payments
    • ", + "
  • are off work for a pregnancy-related illness in the 4 weeks before the week (Sunday to Saturday) that their baby is due
    • ", + "
  • were in custody or on strike on the first day of sickness (including any linked periods)
    • ", + "
  • are working outside the EU and you\u2019re not liable for their National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "
  • received Employment and Support Allowance within 12 weeks of starting or returning to work for you
    • ", + "

    Use the SSP calculator to check eligibility.

    ", + "

    Linked periods of sickness

    ", + "

    If your employee has regular periods of sickness, they may count as \u2018linked\u2019. To be linked, the periods must:

    ", + "
  • last 4 or more days each
    • ", + "
  • be 8 weeks or less apart
    • ", + "

    Your employee is no longer eligible for SSP if they have a continuous series of linked periods that lasts more than 3 years.

    ", + "

    If an employee is not eligible or their SSP ends

    ", + "

    Employees may be able to apply for Universal Credit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA). They use form SSP1 to support their application.

    ", + "

    If your employee\u2019s SSP is ending you must send them form SSP1 either:

    ", + "
  • within 7 days of their SSP ending, if it ends unexpectedly while they\u2019re still sick
    • ", + "
  • on or before the beginning of the 23rd week, if their SSP is expected to end before their sickness does
    • ", + "

    If your employee does not qualify for SSP you must send them form SSP1 within 7 days of them going off sick.

    ", + "

    If your employee thinks this is unfair, they can appeal to HMRC - the form tells them how to do this.

    ", + "

    Long-term illness

    ", + "

    You can complete form SSP1 before the end of SSP if you know an employee will be off sick for more than 28 weeks. This means they can apply for ESA before their SSP comes to an end.

    ", + "

    Notice and fit notes

    ", + "

    Notice

    ", + "

    The employee should tell you they\u2019re sick within the time limit set by you, or 7 days if you do not have one. You cannot:

    ", + "
  • insist they tell you in person or on a special form
    • ", + "
  • ask them for proof of their sickness until they have been off for 7 days (including non-working days)
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) for any days the employee was late in telling you (unless there\u2019s a good reason for the delay).

    ", + "

    If an employee was shielding because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Shielding has stopped in the UK.

    ", + "

    An employee can no longer apply for a new shielding note or a replacement shielding note.

    ", + "

    Fit notes and asking for proof

    ", + "

    After 7 days off sick (including non-working days) you can ask the employee for proof of their sickness. This could be:

    ", + "
  • an isolation note from NHS 111 - if they are self-isolating and cannot work because of COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • the notification from the NHS or public health authorities if they are self-isolating because they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • a letter or shielding note that they got from their doctor or health authority, or the government, advising them to shield
    • ", + "
  • a letter from their doctor or healthcare professional confirming the date of their procedure if they\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "
  • a fit note from their doctor or a hospital (sometimes called a sick note) - if they have any other illness
    • ", + "

    If you agree, they can give you a report from a physiotherapist, podiatrist or occupational therapist, (called an Allied Health Professional (AHP) Health and Work report).

    ", + "

    You cannot withhold SSP if the employee is late sending you a fit note or isolation note.

    ", + "

    If your employee is off sick frequently or for a long time, HMRC has information about getting medical advice.

    ", + "

    Help with sick pay

    ", + "

    Reclaiming Statutory Sick Pay

    ", + "

    You may be able to reclaim Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) if your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re insolvent

    ", + "

    HMRC will pay SSP for any employee who continues to work for you if they were sick when you became insolvent. Tell your employee to contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.

    ", + "

    If their sickness continues and you terminate their contract, give them a completed SSP1 form so they can claim Employment and Support Allowance instead.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Time off for family and dependants", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/time-off-for-dependants", + "contents": [ + "

    Your rights

    ", + "

    As an employee you\u2019re allowed time off to deal with an emergency involving a dependant.

    ", + "

    A dependant could be a spouse, partner, child, grandchild, parent, or someone who depends on you for care.

    ", + "

    How much you get

    ", + "

    You\u2019re allowed a reasonable amount of time off to deal with the emergency, but there\u2019s no set amount of time as it depends on the situation.

    ", + "

    Tell your employer as soon as possible how much time you\u2019ll need so it can be agreed.

    ", + "

    Limits on time off

    ", + "

    There are no limits on how many times you can take time off for dependants. Your employer may want to talk to you if they think time off is affecting your work.

    ", + "

    Pay

    ", + "

    Your employer may pay you for time off to look after dependants but they don\u2019t have to. Check your contract, company handbook or intranet site to see if there are rules about this.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t have time off if you knew about a situation beforehand. For example you wouldn\u2019t be covered if you wanted to take your child to hospital for an appointment. You might get parental leave instead.

    ", + "

    Check your employment status to see if you\u2019re classed as an \u2018employee\u2019.

    ", + "

    Compassionate leave

    ", + "

    If you aren\u2019t given time off for dependants, your employer may allow you \u2018compassionate leave\u2019 - this can be paid or unpaid leave for emergency situations. Check your employment contract, company handbook or intranet for details about compassionate leave.

    ", + "

    What's an emergency?

    ", + "

    You could get time off when a dependant is involved in the following emergencies.

    ", + "

    Illness, injury or assault

    ", + "

    This includes mental or physical illnesses that don\u2019t have to be life-threatening or need full-time care - it could be an existing condition that has worsened.

    ", + "

    For example, if a dependant is mugged without being physically hurt, you could take time off to comfort or help them.

    ", + "

    You can also take time off to arrange longer term care for a dependant.

    ", + "

    Having a baby

    ", + "

    You could take time off if a dependant goes into labour unexpectedly and they rely on you to take them to the hospital. You can\u2019t take time off for dependants after the birth to care for the child, unless it\u2019s an emergency. However, if you\u2019re the child\u2019s parent you could be entitled to paternity or parental leave.

    ", + "

    Disruption of care arrangements

    ", + "

    You could get time off if:

    ", + "
  • a child minder or carer doesn\u2019t turn up to look after a dependant
    • ", + "
  • a nursing home or nursery closes unexpectedly
    • ", + "

    If your child is involved in an incident during school time

    ", + "

    You could get time off if your child has been:

    ", + "
  • involved in a fight
    • ", + "
  • injured on a school trip
    • ", + "
  • suspended from school
    • ", + "

    Taking time off

    ", + "

    Tell your employer as soon as possible if you need time off. If it\u2019s an emergency, you may not be able to do this before you leave work but you should let your employer know as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to do this in writing or give written proof.

    ", + "

    Problems when you take time off

    ", + "

    Your employer musn\u2019t:

    ", + "
  • treat you unfairly for taking time off, for example refusing you training or promotion
    • ", + "
  • dismiss you or choose you for redundancy because you asked for time off for a dependant
    • ", + "
  • refuse you reasonable time off
    • ", + "

    If you think you\u2019ve been unfairly treated for taking time off for dependants, get advice from your staff or trade union representative or Acas.

    ", + "

    You may be able to take a case to an Employment Tribunal.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Training and study at work: your rights", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/training-study-work-your-rights", + "contents": [ + "

    Who can and can't ask for time off to train

    ", + "

    Staff may have the right to ask for time off work for training or study.

    ", + "

    To ask for training or study:

    ", + "
  • staff must be classed as an employee
    • ", + "
  • they must have worked for their employer for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • training must help staff do their job better
    • ", + "
  • at least 250 people must work in the organisation
    • ", + "

    Time off is usually unpaid unless the employer agrees to pay it.

    ", + "

    Check someone\u2019s employment status.

    ", + "

    Who can\u2019t ask for time off to train

    ", + "

    Staff can\u2019t ask for time off for training or study if they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an agency worker
    • ", + "
  • in the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • of compulsory school age (\u2018school age\u2019 in Scotland)
    • ", + "
  • a young person who\u2019s already got the right to take paid time off for study or training
    • ", + "
  • aged 16 to 18 and already expected to take part in education or training
    • ", + "

    Asking for time off

    ", + "

    Employees should follow their organisation\u2019s rules to ask for time off. If there aren\u2019t any they can write to their employer saying it\u2019s a request \u2018under Section 63D of the Employment Rights Act 1996\u2019 with the following details:

    ", + "
  • the date
    • ", + "
  • the subject matter of the study or training
    • ", + "
  • where and when it would take place
    • ", + "
  • who\u2019ll be providing the training
    • ", + "
  • the name of the qualification they could get - if any
    • ", + "
  • why they think this study or training will help them do their job better and help their employer\u2019s business
    • ", + "
  • if they\u2019ve made a request before and when
    • ", + "

    An employer doesn\u2019t have to consider the request if all this information isn\u2019t included.

    ", + "

    Employees can only make 1 request a year.

    ", + "

    If the employee changes their mind

    ", + "

    The employee must tell their employer if they:

    ", + "
  • don\u2019t start the agreed training or study
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t finish the training or study
    • ", + "
  • do a different course or plan to do a different course from the one agreed
    • ", + "

    Employer's decision and responsibilities

    ", + "

    The employer has 28 days to:

    ", + "
  • accept the request
    • ", + "
  • hold a meeting with the employee to discuss it
    • ", + "

    This might be longer if the person who deals with these requests is off when the request is sent in.

    ", + "

    The employee can take a trade union representative or colleague to the meeting. They can ask for the meeting to be postponed if this person can\u2019t make it.

    ", + "

    If the employer decides to hold a meeting about it they must make a decision within 14 days of it, unless the employee agrees in writing to extend this time.

    ", + "

    Turning down the request

    ", + "

    The employer can only turn down a request if:

    ", + "
  • the training wouldn\u2019t benefit their business
    • ", + "
  • they would run up extra costs for the business
    • ", + "
  • they wouldn\u2019t be able to meet customer demands
    • ", + "
  • they can\u2019t re-organise the work among other members of staff
    • ", + "
  • they can\u2019t recruit extra staff
    • ", + "
  • it would damage quality and business performance
    • ", + "
  • there wouldn\u2019t be enough work for the employee to do at the times they intend to work
    • ", + "
  • it conflicts with planned structural changes
    • ", + "

    Paying for the training

    ", + "

    The employer doesn\u2019t have to pay for the training or study. They can choose to pay all or part of the fees if they think it will benefit the business.

    ", + "

    Appealing the decision

    ", + "

    Employees have the right to appeal if their employer refuses a request to take time off for training or study.

    ", + "

    This must be made within 14 days of their employer\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    The appeal must:

    ", + "
  • be in writing
    • ", + "
  • be dated
    • ", + "
  • set out why they\u2019re appealing - the grounds for the appeal
    • ", + "

    The appeal meeting

    ", + "

    The employer has to arrange a meeting with the employee to discuss the appeal within 14 days of getting the appeal.

    ", + "

    The employer must give their decision in writing within 14 days of the meeting.

    ", + "

    If the problem isn\u2019t resolved

    ", + "

    If an employee isn\u2019t satisfied with the result of an appeal they can phone Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) for help and advice or raise a grievance.

    ", + "

    If this doesn\u2019t work the employee could go to an employment tribunal if the employer:

    ", + "
  • didn\u2019t follow the procedure properly
    • ", + "
  • refused the request based on the wrong facts
    • ", + "

    Employment tribunal claims must be made within 3 months of an appeal decision.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Ask your employer to set up a European Works Council", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-european-works-council", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can ask your employer to set up a European Works Council (EWC) if you work for a company with offices across the European Economic Area (EEA).

    ", + "

    An EWC is a forum where your company can:

    ", + "
  • tell you about plans and decisions at the same time as employees in other countries - this is known as being informed
    • ", + "
  • exchange views with you in the same way as employees in other countries - this is known as being consulted
    • ", + "

    An EWC only informs and consults on issues that affect more than one country where the business operates.

    ", + "

    Who can ask for a European Works Council

    ", + "

    You can ask your employer to set up an EWC if they have:

    ", + "
  • at least 1,000 employees in the EEA
    • ", + "
  • 150 employees in each of at least 2 countries in the EEA
    • ", + "

    You can write to your employer to find out information, for example how many employees it has or where it operates, to help you make your request.

    ", + "

    Your employer can also set up an EWC without waiting for a request.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve made your request

    ", + "

    Your employer will set up a special negotiating body (SNB) to negotiate an EWC agreement with central management of the business.

    ", + "

    You can complain about the way an EWC has been set up or run.

    ", + "

    Make a request

    ", + "

    Write to your employer to ask them to set up a European Works Council (EWC).

    ", + "

    It must be backed by at least 100 employees from at least 2 European Economic Area (EEA) sites.

    ", + "

    Send it to the central or local management of the business.

    ", + "

    Your employer can challenge your request for an EWC if:

    ", + "
  • they think the request is not valid, for example because the business does not employ enough people
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s an existing information and consultation agreement
    • ", + "

    After you've made your request

    ", + "

    After your request for a European Works Council (EWC) is accepted, your employer must set up a special negotiating body (SNB). The SNB will discuss how the EWC will be set up and run with the central management. The time limit for negotiations is 3 years.

    ", + "

    The SNB must:

    ", + "
  • have at least one member from each of the countries where the business has a site
    • ", + "
  • be set up within 6 months from when the request for an EWC was accepted
    • ", + "

    If there\u2019s an agreement

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a written agreement for either:

    ", + "
  • an EWC
    • ", + "
  • one or more alternative information and consultation arrangements
    • ", + "

    If an agreement is not made

    ", + "

    The SNB can only end negotiations or decide not to open negotiations after a ballot has been held and a two-thirds majority reached. You\u2019ll have to wait 2 years to make a new application.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    Complain in writing to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) about the way a European Works Council (EWC) has been set up or run.

    ", + "

    Complaints about requests for information

    ", + "

    You can complain if your employer:

    ", + "
  • does not provide information about the size or structure of the company
    • ", + "
  • provides inaccurate information about the size or structure of the company
    • ", + "

    You must wait a month after making a formal request for an EWC before you can complain.

    ", + "

    Complaints about creating the Special Negotiating Body

    ", + "

    You can complain about incorrect ballot arrangements to create a special negotiating body (SNB).

    ", + "

    Complaints about creating the European Works Council

    ", + "

    You can complain that:

    ", + "
  • an EWC has not been set up even though there have been negotiations
    • ", + "
  • your employer has not followed the right procedure for running an EWC
    • ", + "

    How to complain

    ", + "

    Write to CAC and include the following information:

    ", + "
  • the name, job and full contact details of the person making a complaint and the person or business you\u2019re complaining about
    • ", + "
  • the right regulation number for the complaint you\u2019re making
    • ", + "
  • the reasons for your complaint
    • ", + "

    Send your complaint by email or by post to CAC.

    ", + "

    CAC will get in touch for more information as they need it.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Being monitored at work: workers' rights", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/monitoring-work-workers-rights", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Employers might monitor workers. This could be done in various ways, like:

    ", + "
  • CCTV
    • ", + "
  • drug testing
    • ", + "
  • bag searches
    • ", + "
  • checking a worker\u2019s emails or the websites they look at
    • ", + "

    Data protection law covers any monitoring that involves taking data, images or drug testing.

    ", + "

    If workers are unhappy about being monitored, they can check their staff handbook or contract to see if the employer is allowed to do this.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re not, the worker might be able to resign and claim unfair (\u2018constructive\u2019) dismissal. But this is a last resort - they should try to sort the problem out first - read the advice to help solve a workplace dispute.

    ", + "

    Searches

    ", + "

    Employers should have a written policy on searching. Searches should:

    ", + "
  • respect privacy
    • ", + "
  • be done by a member of the same sex
    • ", + "
  • be done with a witness present
    • ", + "

    If a search or drug test is badly handled, workers might have a claim for discrimination, assault or false imprisonment.

    ", + "

    For advice about work issues, talk to Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.

    ", + "

    Drug testing

    ", + "

    Employers have to have consent if they want to test for drugs. Usually this is when they have a full contractual health and safety policy, which should be in the contract or staff handbook.

    ", + "

    Employers should:

    ", + "
  • limit testing to employees that need to be tested
    • ", + "
  • ensure the tests are random
    • ", + "
  • not single out particular employees for testing unless this is justified by the nature of their jobs
    • ", + "

    Workers can\u2019t be made to take a drugs test but if they refuse when the employer has good grounds for testing, they may face disciplinary action.

    ", + "

    Email, CCTV and other monitoring

    ", + "

    Employers must explain the amount of monitoring clearly in the staff handbook or contract. They should tell workers:

    ", + "
  • if they\u2019re being monitored
    • ", + "
  • what counts as a reasonable number of personal emails and phone calls
    • ", + "
  • if personal emails and calls are not allowed
    • ", + "

    Examples of monitoring could include:

    ", + "
  • looking at which websites workers have visited
    • ", + "
  • CCTV in the building
    • ", + "
  • checking workers\u2019 bags as they leave
    • ", + "

    Employers are not allowed to monitor workers everywhere (not in the toilet, for example). If they don\u2019t respect this they could be in breach of the Data Protection Act.

    ", + "

    Read the advice on workplace disputes or talk to Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice for more advice. Workers can also contact their trade union representative.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Derecognise a union", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Trade unions can be recognised to represent groups of employees in a company in negotiations over pay, holidays and working conditions through either:

    ", + "
  • a voluntary agreement with the employer
    • ", + "
  • a declaration by the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC).
    • ", + "

    Three years after a CAC declaration of recognition, employers and workers can apply to the CAC to have a union derecognised.

    ", + "

    If the application is successful, the union will cease to represent the workforce in negotiations with the employer.

    ", + "

    When employers can apply

    ", + "

    Where recognition has been declared by the CAC, you can apply to have a union derecognised in any of the following situations:

    ", + "
  • the number of people employed by the company has fallen to less than 21
    • ", + "
  • workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union
    • ", + "
  • the number of union members in the bargaining unit has fallen to below 50%
    • ", + "

    When workers can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply to have a union derecognised if workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union and don\u2019t want to be represented by the union.

    ", + "

    You can apply to have a non-independent union derecognised if the majority of workers do not support it.

    ", + "

    Employers: reduced workforce

    ", + "

    As an employer, you can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to have a trade union derecognised if both of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period
    • ", + "
  • it is more than 3 years since recognition was declared by the CAC
    • ", + "

    You must give written notice to the union asking for the union to be derecognised. Notice must be given within 5 days of the end of the relevant 13-week period.

    ", + "

    Your letter must include the following details:

    ", + "
  • the specific 13-week period during which you had less than 21 workers
    • ", + "
  • the number of workers you employed in that time
    • ", + "
  • the current bargaining arrangements
    • ", + "
  • the date you want the arrangements to end - this must be at least 35 working days after the request was made
    • ", + "

    You must give a copy of the letter to the CAC. The CAC will tell you within 10 days if the notice you gave the union was valid.

    ", + "

    Your notice is valid

    ", + "

    The union will be derecognised and you won\u2019t have to negotiate with them anymore, unless they make an application to the CAC because they believe that:

    ", + "
  • the 13-week period was within 3 years of them gaining recognition
    • ", + "
  • your company employed 21 or more workers during that time
    • ", + "

    Your notice isn\u2019t valid

    ", + "

    You must continue with the current collective bargaining arrangements.

    ", + "

    Employers: union loses support

    ", + "

    You can try to get a union derecognised if the workers in the bargaining unit no longer support it and don\u2019t want it to negotiate on their behalf.

    ", + "

    Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise

    ", + "

    You must send a written request to the union, stating:

    ", + "
  • that you wish to end the bargaining arrangements because you believe that the union no longer has the support of the workers
    • ", + "
  • what the current arrangements are
    • ", + "
  • that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
    • ", + "

    The union has 10 working days to respond to your request.

    ", + "

    You can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.

    ", + "

    The union agrees to negotiate

    ", + "

    If they reject your request but agree to negotiate, you\u2019ll have another 20 working days to come to an agreement about derecognition.

    ", + "

    Within this period, either side can ask the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) to help with negotiations. You may extend this period if the union agrees.

    ", + "

    The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.

    ", + "

    You can only apply if both of these are true:

    ", + "
  • the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years
    • ", + "
  • there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years
    • ", + "

    Provide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:

    ", + "
  • at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised
    • ", + "
  • a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition
    • ", + "

    Send the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. Send a copy to the union.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    CAC has 10 working days to consider your application.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.

    ", + "

    The CAC will arrange a secret ballot of workers if your application is successful.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.

    ", + "

    Employers: union membership is less than 50%

    ", + "

    If the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago, a union can be derecognised if the level of union membership in the bargaining unit falls below 50%.

    ", + "

    Apply to the CAC to hold a secret ballot of employees on whether collective bargaining should be ended.

    ", + "

    You can only apply if:

    ", + "
  • the CAC declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago
    • ", + "
  • there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years
    • ", + "

    Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise

    ", + "

    You must send a written request to the unions, stating:

    ", + "
  • that fewer than 50% of the workers in the bargaining unit are union members
    • ", + "
  • what the current bargaining arrangements are, eg how many workers are in the bargaining unit, where they work
    • ", + "
  • that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
    • ", + "

    The union has 10 working days to respond to your request.

    ", + "

    You can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.

    ", + "

    The union rejects your request but is willing to negotiate

    ", + "

    You have 10 days to negotiate an agreement about derecognition. You can extend this period if the union agrees.

    ", + "

    The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request

    ", + "

    Apply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t apply if there have been any applications to CAC for an end to bargaining arrangements in the previous 3 years.

    ", + "

    Provide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) that less than 50% of the bargaining unit are union members.

    ", + "

    Send the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. You must send copies of the form and evidence to the union.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    CAC has 10 working days to consider your application.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.

    ", + "

    The CAC will arrange for a secret ballot of the workers to be held if your application is successful.

    ", + "

    You will have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.

    ", + "

    Workers: union loses support

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for a secret ballot on derecognition if you believe the union no longer has the support of the bargaining unit.

    ", + "

    You can only apply if both of these are true:

    ", + "
  • the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years
    • ", + "
  • there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years
    • ", + "

    Provide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:

    ", + "
  • at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised
    • ", + "
  • a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition
    • ", + "

    Send the completed form and your evidence to both the union and the CAC.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    CAC has 10 working days to consider your application.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs information to support your application, eg evidence of levels of union support.

    ", + "

    Your application will either be:

    ", + "
  • rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days
    • ", + "

    Taking part in negotiations

    ", + "

    CAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.

    ", + "

    The outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised
    • ", + "
  • no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot
    • ", + "

    Workers: derecognise a non-independent union

    ", + "

    An employee or group of workers can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to derecognise a non-independent union that the employer recognised voluntarily.

    ", + "

    A non-independent union represents employees but has not been given a certificate of independence by the Certification Officer. You can check this on the Certification Officer\u2019s website.

    ", + "

    You can apply any time after the union has been recognised by the employer.

    ", + "

    Apply for a secret ballot

    ", + "

    Apply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to find out if they want the union derecognsied.

    ", + "

    The form must be completed and signed by an employee in the bargaining unit.

    ", + "

    Provide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:

    ", + "
  • at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised
    • ", + "
  • a majority of employees in the bargaining are likely to favour an end to the bargaining arrangements
    • ", + "

    Send the completed form plus your documents to CAC. Send a signed copy of the form and evidence to the union and your employer.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    CAC has 10 working days to consider your application.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.

    ", + "

    Your application will either be:

    ", + "
  • rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days
    • ", + "

    Taking part in negotiations

    ", + "

    CAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.

    ", + "

    The outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised
    • ", + "
  • no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot
    • ", + "

    Holding a derecognition ballot

    ", + "

    When employers, workers and the union have tried to reach agreement about derecognition but failed, the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will hold a secret ballot.

    ", + "

    CAC will write to everyone involved, saying that they intend to hold a ballot to allow workers in the bargaining unit to vote on derecognition.

    ", + "

    How the ballot works

    ", + "

    CAC will appoint a qualified independent person (QIP) who will aim to conduct the ballot within 20 working days of their appointment. The CAC may extend this period if necessary.

    ", + "

    The QIP will provide an estimate for the cost of running the ballot. The arrangements for the ballot will be decided by the CAC after consulting the employer and the union.

    ", + "

    The final cost of the ballot will be split equally between the employer and the union.

    ", + "

    The employer and the union must follow the Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition.

    ", + "

    Complain when someone doesn\u2019t co-operate

    ", + "

    Complain to CAC any time before the ballot is held if you feel someone isn\u2019t co-operating.

    ", + "

    The union can complain to the CAC if the employer is not fulfilling their duties during the ballot.

    ", + "

    CAC will investigate and can issue a \u2018remedial order\u2019 demanding that all duties are carried out properly.

    ", + "

    If that order is ignored CAC can cancel the ballot or declare that the union be derecognised.

    ", + "

    Complain about unfair practices

    ", + "

    Complain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if you feel that another party is using unfair practices to influence the ballot, eg bribery or threats.

    ", + "

    To make a complaint fill in the unfair practices application form and send it to CAC. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Complaints can be made at any time up to the end of day after the ballot closes.

    ", + "

    Where CAC finds that unfair practices were used they may:

    ", + "
  • reschedule the ballot
    • ", + "
  • cancel the ballot and declare that the union is derecognised
    • ", + "
  • cancel the ballot and refuse the application for derecognition
    • ", + "

    The Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition has more information.

    ", + "

    After the ballot

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually find out the result of the vote 48 hours after the ballot closes.

    ", + "

    For a union to be derecognised the majority of those voting, and at least 40% of the workers in the bargaining unit, must vote in favour of ending the bargaining arrangements.

    ", + "

    The Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will declare the union as derecognised or will refuse the application for derecognition.

    ", + "

    Paying for the ballot

    ", + "

    The employer and the union will each receive a demand from the qualified independent person (QIP) for their share of the cost of running the ballot.

    ", + "

    This must be paid in 15 days. If either party wishes to dispute the amount they can appeal to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    What you must do

    ", + "

    As an employer, you no longer have to work with a union that\u2019s been derecognised.

    ", + "

    You must continue to work with a union if the CAC have refused the application for derecognition. You cannot reapply for the union to be derecognised for 3 years.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Employers: recognise a trade union", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trade-union-recognition-employers", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As an employer you may need to work with trade unions that represent groups of your employees, sometimes known as bargaining units.

    ", + "

    Trade unions will negotiate with you on working conditions, for example pay and holiday. You need to recognise the trade union before they can negotiate with you.

    ", + "

    How a trade union gets recognition

    ", + "
  • The union must ask you to recognise them voluntarily - if you agree to the request then the union is recognised.
    • ", + "
  • If you do not want to recognise the union and have more than 21 employees, they can apply for statutory recognition from the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC).
    • ", + "

    When the union requests recognition

    ", + "

    The union must ask you - the employer - in writing if you\u2019ll agree to recognise them voluntarily.

    ", + "

    The written request must:

    ", + "
  • give the name of the union
    • ", + "
  • identify which employees will be represented by the union when it\u2019s recognised, sometimes known as the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • state that the union is making the request under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
    • ", + "

    Respond to the request

    ", + "

    You have 10 working days to respond to the request.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • agree to recognise the union voluntarily - and begin collective bargaining
    • ", + "
  • reject the request - the union may then apply for statutory recognition
    • ", + "
  • refuse the initial request but agree to negotiate
    • ", + "

    Negotiate with the union

    ", + "

    You have 20 working days, or longer if you agree this with the union, to come to an agreement about:

    ", + "
  • which employees are in the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • whether the union should be recognised for collective bargaining
    • ", + "

    You have 10 days to suggest that the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) are brought in to assist with the negotiations.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree, or you\u2019ve agreed the bargaining unit but not recognised the union, the union can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for statutory recognition.

    ", + "

    When the union applies for statutory recognition

    ", + "

    The union can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for \u2018statutory recognition\u2019 if you do not agree to recognise them voluntarily.

    ", + "

    CAC will accept the trade union\u2019s application for recognition if it meets the requirements, unless you challenge the application.

    ", + "

    Providing information to the CAC

    ", + "

    You may be asked for information by the CAC case manager who is handling the union\u2019s application, for example, how many employees are in the bargaining unit. CAC will still consider the application if you do not provide the information.

    ", + "

    Challenge an application

    ", + "

    You can challenge the application if you think it does not meet the requirements.

    ", + "

    Application requirements

    ", + "

    The union can apply if:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve sent you a copy of their application and any supporting documents
    • ", + "
  • they have at least 10% union membership within the proposed bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • they have evidence that a majority of employees are in favour of recognition - for example, a petition
    • ", + "

    They cannot apply if:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve applied for recognition in the last 3 years
    • ", + "
  • they are not a certified independent union
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s already a recognition agreement that allows another union to represent employees in the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • another union - representing 10% of the employees in the proposed bargaining unit - has already applied to CAC
    • ", + "

    How to complain

    ", + "

    CAC will send you a form so you can challenge the application if you think that the union has not met one or more of the requirements.

    ", + "

    You have 5 working days to send it to CAC - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll hear from CAC within 10 working days. They may:

    ", + "
  • ask for more information so they can make a decision
    • ", + "
  • reject the application if the union has not met the requirements
    • ", + "
  • accept the union\u2019s application
    • ", + "

    When the CAC accepts a union\u2019s application

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to start discussions about which employees the union will represent, sometimes known as the bargaining unit.

    ", + "

    Establishing the bargaining unit

    ", + "

    The \u2018bargaining unit\u2019 is the group of employees that will be represented by the union.

    ", + "

    You can agree who is in this unit with the union as part of your negotiations. If you do not, the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will decide.

    ", + "

    Providing information to the union and the CAC

    ", + "

    If CAC accepts the union\u2019s application for statutory recognition and you have not agreed on the bargaining unit with them, you must send CAC and the union:

    ", + "
  • a list of the categories of employees who will be in the proposed bargaining unit, for example, technical and skilled but not managers
    • ", + "
  • a list of the places where they work
    • ", + "
  • the number of employees in each category at each workplace
    • ", + "

    You have 5 working days to send this from the date the application is accepted.

    ", + "

    How the CAC decides on the bargaining unit

    ", + "

    CAC will hold a hearing and decide the bargaining unit based on:

    ", + "
  • your views and those of the union
    • ", + "
  • compatibility with effective management of your company
    • ", + "
  • existing national and bargaining arrangements
    • ", + "

    Work with a \u2018suitable independent person\u2019 (SIP)

    ", + "

    When the bargaining unit has been agreed the union may ask CAC to appoint a SIP to communicate with employees in the bargaining unit. If this happens, you must give the SIP the names and addresses of:

    ", + "
  • employees in the proposed bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • any employees who join or leave the bargaining unit
    • ", + "

    If you do not provide this information, you\u2019ll get a \u2018remedial order\u2019 from CAC. You must do what the order says or CAC could declare that you must recognise the union.

    ", + "

    When the bargaining unit has been agreed or decided

    ", + "

    CAC will decide if there needs to be a ballot of employees.

    ", + "

    Ballot on union recognition

    ", + "

    Your employees will be balloted about whether they want the union to be recognised if the majority of employees in the bargaining unit are not members of the union.

    ", + "

    The Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) may hold a ballot even if the majority of your employees are union members but they believe any of the following:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019ll help maintain good relations between you and your employees
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s evidence that a significant number of union members in the bargaining unit do not want the union to represent them
    • ", + "
  • there are concerns about why some members joined the union, for example, they were pressured
    • ", + "

    CAC will ask for your views and the union\u2019s on these issues.

    ", + "

    Before the ballot

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you whether there\u2019ll be a ballot. A ballot can be held at the workplace, by post or both. CAC will ask for your views and the union\u2019s before they decide what kind of ballot to hold.

    ", + "

    The union has 10 days to withdraw its application. If it does not, CAC will appoint a qualified independent person (QIP) to run the ballot.

    ", + "

    The ballot will usually be held within 20 working days of the QIP being appointed.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    The cost of the ballot is split equally between you and the union.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • make sure the union can talk to employees in the bargaining unit - for example, allow them to hold meetings without you
    • ", + "
  • give CAC a list of names and addresses of employees in the bargaining unit - and update it when people join or leave
    • ", + "
  • not ask employees to miss meetings, unless it\u2019s absolutely necessary
    • ", + "
  • not threaten or take any action against a worker because they attended a meeting
    • ", + "

    The union can complain to CAC if they think you have not co-operated.

    ", + "

    After the ballot

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually find out the result of the vote 48 hours after the ballot closes.

    ", + "

    CAC will declare the union is recognised if both:

    ", + "
  • the majority of employees in the ballot vote to recognise the union
    • ", + "
  • at least 40% of the employees in the bargaining unit vote to recognise the union
    • ", + "

    If CAC declares the union is recognised

    ", + "

    You must work with the union and work out how to collectively bargain on:

    ", + "
  • pay
    • ", + "
  • hours
    • ", + "
  • holiday entitlement
    • ", + "

    If CAC does not declare the union is recognised

    ", + "

    The union will not be able to apply for statutory recognition for 3 years, but you can still recognise them voluntarily.

    ", + "

    Complaints about and from the union

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if the union tries to influence the outcome of a ballot using \u2018unfair practices\u2019, for example, by trying to pressurise employees.

    ", + "

    The Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition has more information.

    ", + "

    Make your complaint in writing to CAC. You can complain at any time until the day after the ballot closes.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    CAC may:

    ", + "
  • restart the ballot process
    • ", + "
  • give the union a final warning, sometimes called a \u2018remedial order\u2019
    • ", + "

    If the union does not do what the order tells it to do, CAC can cancel the ballot and declare the union is not recognised

    ", + "

    If the union complains

    ", + "

    The union can complain if you:

    ", + "
  • do not co-operate with preparations for the ballot
    • ", + "
  • use unfair practices to change the outcome of the ballot
    • ", + "

    CAC may give you a final warning if the union\u2019s complaint is successful, sometimes called a \u2018remedial order\u2019.

    ", + "

    CAC can also:

    ", + "
  • restart the ballot process
    • ", + "
  • cancel the ballot and declare the union is recognised
    • ", + "

    Ending negotiations

    ", + "

    You and the union will not need to continue negotiations if the union withdraws its application. They must do this before the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) either :

    ", + "
  • declares them recognised or not recognised
    • ", + "
  • tells you that they\u2019re holding a ballot of your employees
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re recognising the union voluntarily

    ", + "

    If the union is withdrawing its application because you\u2019ve agreed to recognise them, you and the union can tell CAC by sending a \u2018joint notice to cease consideration\u2019. This means CAC will no longer be involved.

    ", + "

    Send CAC a letter signed by both you and the representative of the union.

    ", + "

    You must do this before CAC declares the union is recognised or up to the last day of the ballot notification period (10 working days from when CAC told you about the ballot).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "If your business faces industrial action", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/if-your-business-faces-industrial-action", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a workplace dispute at your business, you should try to resolve it informally or through an impartial third party (arbitration).

    ", + "

    Get advice on handling disputes and conflict in the workplace on the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) website.

    ", + "

    You could work with a trade union to solve a dispute as well as with non-union employee representatives.

    ", + "

    If you cannot resolve a dispute, workers in a recognised trade union may consider taking industrial action.

    ", + "

    A trade union can only call for industrial action if:

    ", + "
  • the dispute cannot be solved by informal negotiations or arbitration
    • ", + "
  • a majority of the members involved support it through a postal ballot (before organising one, the union has to decide which members it wants to ask to take industrial action)
    • ", + "

    Types of industrial action might include a strike or action short of a strike, for example not working overtime.

    ", + "

    If workers go on strike, you do not have to pay them for the hours lost.

    ", + "

    Using agency workers to cover during a strike

    ", + "

    Agencies are not allowed to supply workers specifically to cover work that is not being done during lawful industrial action.

    ", + "

    Agency workers already in place as part of your normal business can carry on as usual.

    ", + "

    Dismissing workers who take industrial action

    ", + "

    As an employer, you may face unfair dismissal claims if you dismiss:

    ", + "
  • employees within the first 12 weeks of lawful industrial action for taking part
    • ", + "
  • some workers for taking part in the action, but not others
    • ", + "
  • all employees but re-hire only some of them
    • ", + "

    Some employees might have protection from unfair dismissal for more than 12 weeks.

    ", + "

    Lawful industrial action

    ", + "

    Trade unions only have statutory immunity if the industrial action is lawful. Statutory immunity means that trade unions and their members are protected from legal action in civil law.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no legal immunity in criminal law for strikers or organisers who break the law - for example, by intentionally damaging property or trespassing.

    ", + "

    When industrial action is lawful

    ", + "

    There must be:

    ", + "
  • a trade dispute (a dispute between you and your workers about employment-related issues)
    • ", + "
  • a properly-conducted industrial action ballot
    • ", + "
  • a written notice of industrial action sent to you
    • ", + "

    The industrial action must not:

    ", + "
  • be secondary action - for example, action taken by workers whose employer is not involved in the trade dispute
    • ", + "
  • be in support of an employee dismissed for taking unofficial industrial action
    • ", + "
  • promote closed-shop practices (such as when employers agree to employ only union members) or enforce trade union membership against non-union firms
    • ", + "
  • involve unlawful picketing
    • ", + "

    When civil proceedings can take place

    ", + "

    If the union or individuals do not follow these conditions, they do not have statutory immunity. This means that you and anyone else affected by the industrial action can take civil proceedings in the courts as long as all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • an unlawful, unprotected act has happened or been threatened
    • ", + "
  • the action breaks a contract that you\u2019re a party to
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve suffered, or are likely to suffer, loss as a result
    • ", + "

    Strike pay and working records

    ", + "

    You can ask your employees if they\u2019re planning to strike, so that you can tell what effect the strike will have - but they do not have to tell you their plans.

    ", + "

    Deducting pay

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay employees who are on strike.

    ", + "

    If workers take action short of a strike, and refuse to carry out part of their contractual work, this is called \u2018partial performance\u2019. If you refuse to accept partial performance, you must tell employees that:

    ", + "
  • they should only attend work if they fulfil their contractual duties
    • ", + "
  • if they do not fulfil the terms of their employment contract, you do not have to pay them
    • ", + "

    If you do accept partial performance, you must still pay employees for any work that they have done.

    ", + "

    How much pay to deduct during a strike

    ", + "

    You should only deduct the amount that the employee would have earned during the strike. How you work this out may depend on how they are paid (for example, hourly, weekly or monthly) and on the terms of their employment contract.

    ", + "

    You cannot deduct an employee\u2019s pay if they were not supposed to be working on the day of the strike.

    ", + "

    Effect on continuous employment and length of service

    ", + "

    If employees return to work after the strike, their continuous employment is not affected - they continue to be employed by you. This means that the terms and conditions of their employment contracts still apply during and after the strike.

    ", + "

    However, days when they were on strike do not count towards their total length of service - this may be important for working out things like statutory redundancy pay or pensions.

    ", + "

    Picketing during strikes

    ", + "

    During the strike, workers and union reps may stand outside the place of work to explain why they\u2019re striking and try to persuade others to join the strike. This is called picketing. It\u2019s only lawful if it\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • carried out near or at the strikers\u2019 usual place of work (unless they are mobile workers)
    • ", + "
  • done peacefully, without abusive or threatening behaviour
    • ", + "
  • not breaking any criminal laws - for example, damaging property or obstructing roads
    • ", + "

    You may be able to take legal action if picketing is unlawful.

    ", + "

    Non-union employees and strikes

    ", + "

    You can ask non-union employees to cover work during a strike, as long as:

    ", + "
  • this is allowed by their employment contracts
    • ", + "
  • you do not discriminate against any employee directly or indirectly
    • ", + "

    Non-union staff and striking

    ", + "

    If non-union members go on strike, they are protected from dismissal and have the same rights as union members, as long as the industrial action is lawful.

    ", + "

    Agency staff

    ", + "

    You cannot hire agency staff to provide temporary work cover during a strike.

    ", + "

    Agency staff who are already in place as part of normal business can carry on as usual.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Working with trade unions: employers", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-with-trade-unions", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you recognise a union in your workplace there are certain rules you need to follow.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • give the union information in advance to help with collective bargaining
    • ", + "
  • inform and consult the union about major changes in the workplace
    • ", + "
  • follow proper procedures if you\u2019re taking union subscriptions straight from your employees\u2019 pay (the \u2018check off\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • let union reps and members have time off for union activities
    • ", + "
  • not discriminate against a worker because they\u2019re in the union
    • ", + "

    Collective bargaining

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work with unions to discuss changes to your employees\u2019 terms and conditions. This is called \u2018collective bargaining\u2019.

    ", + "

    Collective bargaining covers the terms and conditions of workers in a defined \u2018bargaining unit\u2019. This can include all employees in a workplace or just certain groups of workers, eg technicians.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to you and the union to agree which terms and conditions are covered but it\u2019s usually things like pay, holiday, working hours etc.

    ", + "

    Running collective bargaining

    ", + "

    Employers and unions need to work out how to run collective bargaining, eg:

    ", + "
  • who\u2019ll represent the workers
    • ", + "
  • who\u2019s included in a bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • when and how often meetings will happen
    • ", + "
  • what to do if more than one union is recognised
    • ", + "
  • what will be discussed
    • ", + "
  • what to do if the union and employer cannot come to an agreement
    • ", + "

    Information to help with collective bargaining

    ", + "

    Employers must give certain information to the union to help it with the bargaining process, eg the company\u2019s pay and benefits structure or information about its profits, assets and liabilities.

    ", + "

    Collective agreements

    ", + "

    If collective bargaining leads to an agreement, for example about a pay increase or change in working conditions, it\u2019s called a \u2018collective agreement\u2019.

    ", + "

    Informing and consulting with unions

    ", + "

    Employers must inform and consult with a recognised trade union about:

    ", + "
  • collective redundancies
    • ", + "
  • transfers of business ownership
    • ", + "
  • certain changes to pension schemes
    • ", + "
  • health and safety
    • ", + "

    If you fail to consult the union about any of these, you\u2019ll be breaking the law and could be fined - the amount depends on the situation.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more information on the pension scheme changes you have to consult about in the guidance below.

    ", + "

    You can also make voluntary agreements with unions to regularly inform and consult them about other business and workplace issues.

    ", + "

    Acas has detailed guidance about informing and consulting employees.

    ", + "

    Union subscriptions

    ", + "

    Some trade union members pay their union subscriptions directly out of their wages.

    ", + "

    The employer then gives these payments to the union.

    ", + "

    This is often called the \u2018check-off\u2019.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to you if you want to run the check-off. A union cannot force you to run the check-off unless you\u2019ve agreed to it in your workers\u2019 employment contracts.

    ", + "

    Authorising the check-off

    ", + "

    A worker must give you written permission to take their union subscriptions from their wages.

    ", + "

    This must be signed and dated. Their permission starts from this date and continues until they say otherwise.

    ", + "

    If you take the check-off without proper permission you could be taken to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    You can pre-print consent forms as long as the worker signs and dates the form themselves. Unions are also allowed to get the written consent from the worker then forward it to you.

    ", + "

    Stopping the check-off

    ", + "

    You must stop taking check-off payments if your employee asks you to.

    ", + "

    They must give you written notice to stop the check-off and you must be given reasonable time to stop it.

    ", + "

    You can stop running the check-off at any time. If it\u2019s in your workers\u2019 employment contracts, you may have to give them notice.

    ", + "

    The role of the union in the check-off

    ", + "

    The union does not have to help run the check-off. However, you can involve it if you want to. You could, for example, ask the union to help you get initial consent from its members.

    ", + "

    You could also charge the union for the work involved in administering the check off.

    ", + "

    Even if you involve the union in the check-off, it\u2019s still your responsibility to make sure you make check-off deductions properly.

    ", + "

    Rights of employees in trade unions

    ", + "

    If you recognise a union, it will normally name one or more of your workers as its local workplace representatives (\u2018reps\u2019).

    ", + "

    Union reps have certain rights. They\u2019re allowed reasonable time off work:

    ", + "
  • with pay for union duties and training at appropriate times
    • ", + "
  • without pay to take part in union activities, eg the union\u2019s annual conference (trade union members are entitled to this as well)
    • ", + "

    Reasonable time off does not have to be taken as annual leave.

    ", + "

    Block lists

    ", + "

    You cannot discriminate against anyone because they\u2019re in the union or because of their union activity.

    ", + "

    With rare exceptions, it\u2019s also illegal to compile, use, sell or supply a \u2018block list\u2019 of union members that will be used to discriminate against them.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Your rights if your employer is insolvent", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-if-your-employer-is-insolvent", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your employer is insolvent if it cannot pay its debts.

    ", + "

    They might:

    ", + "
  • make you redundant
    • ", + "
  • ask you to keep working
    • ", + "
  • transfer you to a new employer (if the business has been sold)
    • ", + "

    There are different types of insolvency:

    ", + "
  • administration
    • ", + "
  • liquidation
    • ", + "
  • bankruptcy
    • ", + "
  • receivership
    • ", + "
  • company voluntary arrangement
    • ", + "
  • individual voluntary arrangement
    • ", + "
  • debt relief order
    • ", + "

    Check if your employer is insolvent.

    ", + "

    Depending on your situation, you can apply to the government for:

    ", + "
  • a redundancy payment
    • ", + "
  • holiday pay
    • ", + "
  • outstanding payments like unpaid wages, overtime and commission
    • ", + "
  • money you would have earned working your notice period (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You may be eligible for unemployment benefits if you lose your job. If you do not apply for benefits after you lose your job, you might get less money in your statutory notice pay payment.

    ", + "

    Your rights

    ", + "

    You have different rights depending on whether your employer:

    ", + "
  • makes you redundant (dismisses you)
    • ", + "
  • asks you to keep working
    • ", + "
  • transfers you to a new employer (if the business has been sold)
    • ", + "

    Your employer must have a consultation about why redundancies are happening and if there are any alternatives - they do not have to consult you directly.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re made redundant

    ", + "

    You\u2019re made redundant if you\u2019re dismissed from your job.

    ", + "

    The person who is dealing with the insolvency (the \u2018insolvency practitioner\u2019 or \u2018official receiver\u2019) must tell you how your job is affected and what to do next.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also give you a:

    ", + "
  • RP1 fact sheet
    • ", + "
  • \u2018CN\u2019 (case reference) number to use when you apply for money you\u2019re owed
    • ", + "

    You can apply to the government for:

    ", + "
  • a redundancy payment
    • ", + "
  • holiday pay
    • ", + "
  • outstanding payments like unpaid wages, overtime and commission
    • ", + "
  • money you would have earned working your notice period (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Businesses can go through more than one insolvency. You cannot claim outstanding payments between the day of the first insolvency and the day you were dismissed, even if you did not know about the previous insolvency.

    ", + "

    You can also apply to the court for compensation if you think you were dismissed unfairly or not consulted properly.

    ", + "

    Compensation because you were dismissed unfairly

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to the employment tribunal if:

    ", + "
  • you were dismissed unfairly (\u2018basic award\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • there was not a consultation about your redundancy (\u2018protective award\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be claiming against the Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy and your former employer (\u2018the respondents\u2019).

    ", + "

    If you continue working after the insolvency

    ", + "

    You might be asked to continue working for your employer after they become insolvent.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be eligible to claim for redundancy pay and other money you\u2019re owed if you\u2019re made redundant at a later date.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim holiday pay, wages, bonuses or commission that you\u2019re owed between the day of the insolvency and the day you were dismissed.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re transferred to a new employer

    ", + "

    You cannot claim any money from the government if you were transferred before your former employer became insolvent.

    ", + "

    If you were transferred afterwards, you can apply for redundancy pay, statutory notice pay and outstanding payments such holiday pay, wages, commission and bonuses.

    ", + "

    What you can get

    ", + "

    What money you\u2019re entitled to depends on:

    ", + "
  • how long you were employed
    • ", + "
  • what was in your employment contract
    • ", + "
  • your age
    • ", + "

    Payments are capped.

    ", + "

    Redundancy pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019re normally entitled to redundancy pay if you:

    ", + "
  • have been made redundant
    • ", + "
  • were an employee
    • ", + "
  • were continuously employed by the insolvent business for 2 years or more
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • half a week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and under 22 years old
    • ", + "
  • one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and between 22 and 40 years old
    • ", + "
  • one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and 41 or older
    • ", + "

    Redundancy payments are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).

    ", + "

    You can get a payment for a maximum of 20 years that you were employed at the business.

    ", + "

    Calculate your redundancy pay.

    ", + "

    Wages and other money you\u2019re owed

    ", + "

    You can apply for unpaid wages and other money you\u2019re owed by your employer, for example bonuses, overtime and commission.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re only entitled to money that\u2019s in your employment contract.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get up to 8 weeks of money you\u2019re owed. It counts as a week even if you\u2019re only owed money for a few days.

    ", + "

    Payments for wages and other money you\u2019re owed are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).

    ", + "

    You pay income tax and National Insurance when you get unpaid wages and other money you\u2019re owed. You might be able to claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much.

    ", + "

    Holiday pay

    ", + "

    You can get paid for:

    ", + "
  • holiday days owed that you did not take (\u2018holiday pay accrued\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • holiday days you took but were not paid for (\u2018holiday pay taken\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re only paid for holidays you took or accrued in the 12 months before your employer became insolvent.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only get payments for up to 6 weeks of holiday days. Holiday pay is capped at \u00a3544 per week (\u00a3538 per week if your employer went insolvent before 6 April 2021).

    ", + "

    You pay income tax and National Insurance on your holiday payment. You might be able to claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much.

    ", + "

    Statutory notice pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to a paid notice period when you\u2019re made redundant, even if it is not in your contract.

    ", + "

    You can claim for statutory notice pay if you:

    ", + "
  • did not work a notice period
    • ", + "
  • worked some of your notice period
    • ", + "
  • worked an unpaid notice period
    • ", + "

    Your statutory notice pay is worked out as one week\u2019s notice for every year you were employed, up to a maximum of twelve weeks.

    ", + "

    Payments are capped at \u00a3544 per week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).

    ", + "

    Pension contributions

    ", + "

    Contact the insolvency practitioner or official receiver if you\u2019re missing contributions to your pension.

    ", + "

    Apply for money you're owed

    ", + "

    You\u2019re eligible to apply if:

    ", + "
  • you were an employee
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK or EEA national (or a foreign national with permission to work in the UK)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible (for example you\u2019re a contractor) register as a creditor instead.

    ", + "
  • Apply for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday within 6 months of being dismissed. You request to claim for loss of notice pay (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019) in your application.
    • ", + "
  • If you requested to claim statutory notice pay, you\u2019ll get sent a letter telling you when you can apply.
    • ", + "

    Claiming for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday pay

    ", + "

    You can apply as soon as you\u2019ve been made redundant. The person dealing with the insolvency (the \u2018insolvency practitioner\u2019 or \u2018official receiver\u2019) will give you a \u2018CN\u2019 (case reference) number. You cannot claim without the CN number.

    ", + "

    You must apply for redundancy pay within 6 months of being dismissed.

    ", + "

    The application will ask if you want to apply for statutory notice pay. Choosing \u2018Yes\u2019 does not mean you\u2019ve applied. You\u2019ll be told when to apply.

    ", + "

    Apply for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday online.

    ", + "

    Claiming for loss of notice pay (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)

    ", + "

    You need an \u2018LN\u2019 reference number to make a claim. It\u2019ll be sent after your notice period would have ended. This is usually no more than 12 weeks after you\u2019re dismissed.

    ", + "

    You must apply for redundancy first - even if you\u2019re not owed any money.

    ", + "

    Employees at the same business can have different notice periods.

    ", + "

    Once you have the LN reference number, claim online for loss of notice.

    ", + "

    Money you get (or could have got) by claiming benefits will be deducted from your payment.

    ", + "

    Help completing the online forms

    ", + "

    Contact the Redundancy Payments Service if you have queries about completing the online forms. You\u2019ll need your case reference number or National Insurance number.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently call the Redundancy Payments Service.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    It usually takes up to 6 weeks to get your payment but can take longer.

    ", + "

    Your information will be checked against the employer\u2019s records, for example how much holiday you had accrued. You\u2019ll only get a payment if the records show you\u2019re owed money.

    ", + "

    Any benefits you\u2019re eligible to claim will be deducted from your statutory notice payment (even if you did not claim them).

    ", + "

    If your application is rejected

    ", + "

    Contact the Redundancy Payments Service - they\u2019ll explain why your claim was rejected.

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to the employment tribunal if you disagree with the decision. You\u2019ll be claiming against the Secretary of State for Business Energy and Industrial Strategy and your former employer (\u2018the respondents\u2019).

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Contact the Redundancy Payments Service if you need help. You\u2019ll need your case reference number or National Insurance number.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently call the Redundancy Payments Service.

    ", + "

    Help finding a new job

    ", + "

    Contact your local Jobcentre Plus and ask for their Rapid Response Service for help finding a new job.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to use the service for up to 13 weeks after you\u2019re made redundant. You must have started your notice period to be eligible.

    ", + "

    Get help to find a new job, improve your skills and claim benefits.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Check river conditions and closures", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-river-conditions-and-closures", + "contents": [ + "

    River levels and warnings

    ", + "

    Check river levels

    ", + "

    Check current river levels in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    Strong stream warnings

    ", + "

    The Environment Agency gives out stream warnings to tell you about conditions that may mean you should not go out in your boat. You may also see red flags at boat clubs.

    ", + "

    You can check the latest strong stream warnings for the River Thames.

    ", + "

    Choose option 1 when your call is answered and enter the quick dial code for the area of the River Thames you want to hear about. For other rivers, use one of the following:

    ", + "
  • River Nene - 032112
    • ", + "
  • Great Ouse (Bedford to St Ives) \u2013 033211
    • ", + "
  • Great Ouse (St Ives to Earith) \u2013 033212
    • ", + "
  • Ancholme - 031212
    • ", + "

    You can also sign up to the strong stream advice messaging system for the Rivers Nene, Great Ouse and Ancholme (it\u2019s free).

    ", + "

    Check tide predictions

    ", + "

    You can read tide predictions for the next 7 days for rivers in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    You can also check:

    ", + "
  • live and predicted tides on the tidal Thames
    • ", + "
  • tide predictions at Rye Harbour
    • ", + "
  • tide predictions for Allington Lock on the River Medway
    • ", + "

    River Thames

    ", + "

    You can check the following for the non-tidal River Thames, which is managed by the Environment Agency:

    ", + "
  • current conditions on the River Thames
    • ", + "
  • river closures and restrictions
    • ", + "
  • lock closures
    • ", + "
  • emergency rendezvous points between Teddington and Lechlade
    • ", + "

    You can also check current works and closures on the tidal Thames, which is managed by the Port of London Authority.

    ", + "

    You should read the navigation bylaws and registration bylaws before you set out.

    ", + "

    You can also check:

    ", + "
  • information about bridges, locks and facilities for boaters
    • ", + "
  • the River Thames and connecting waterways: cruising guide
    • ", + "
  • Port of London Authority information about boating on the Thames
    • ", + "

    River Medway

    ", + "

    You can check conditions, closures and restrictions on the River Medway (updated during business hours - Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm).

    ", + "

    You can telephone Allington Lock for the latest information outside of business hours.

    ", + "

    You should read the navigation bylaws for the Upper Medway and Southern Region.

    ", + "

    You can also read the user\u2019s guide to River Medway.

    ", + "

    Anglian Waterways

    ", + "

    You can check conditions, closures and restrictions on Anglian Waterways.

    ", + "

    You should read the recreational bylaws before you set out.

    ", + "

    You can also download information about facilities and safety for the following rivers:

    ", + "
  • Black Sluice
    • ", + "
  • River Ancholme
    • ", + "
  • River Welland and Glen
    • ", + "
  • River Great Ouse
    • ", + "
  • River Nene
    • ", + "
  • River Stour
    • ", + "

    Rye Harbour

    ", + "

    You can check conditions, closures and restrictions at Rye Harbour.

    ", + "

    You should also check the Rye Harbour:

    ", + "
  • passage, pilot and mooring information for boaters
    • ", + "
  • map guide
    • ", + "
  • bylaws
    • ", + "

    Scotland, Northern Ireland and other parts of England

    ", + "

    You can check:

    ", + "
  • river and canal closure information on Canal & River Trust waterways in England
    • ", + "
  • canal works and closures on Scottish Canals
    • ", + "
  • river and canal restrictions and closures on Waterways Ireland
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Owning a boat", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/owning-a-boat", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must follow safety regulations and check whether you need insurance if you own a boat.

    ", + "

    You usually need to register your boat to use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use.

    ", + "

    Boat safety requirements

    ", + "

    There are different safety requirements depending on whether you use your boat:

    ", + "
  • on inland waterways
    • ", + "
  • at sea
    • ", + "
  • for private or commercial purposes
    • ", + "

    Insurance

    ", + "

    You may need to get insurance before you can register and use your boat.

    ", + "

    Register your boat

    ", + "

    You can apply for a boat licence or registration once you\u2019ve met the relevant safety and insurance requirements.

    ", + "

    Safety on inland waterways

    ", + "

    You may need to get a Boat Safety Scheme (BSS) certificate before you can register or buy a licence to use inland waterways, eg rivers and canals.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a certificate if you have a privately owned \u2018open boat\u2019 with no motor, eg a canoe, paddleboard or rowboat.

    ", + "

    Some other types of boat (eg privately owned \u2018open boats\u2019 with outboard motors and no electrical systems) may also be exempt - check with the navigation authority that manages your chosen waterway.

    ", + "

    All boats requiring a BSS certificate have to be tested every 4 years.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for maintaining your boat to BSS certificate standards between tests.

    ", + "

    Find the latest boat safety notices.

    ", + "

    Rules of the waterways

    ", + "

    You must drive on the right and pass other boats port to port on all waterways.

    ", + "

    On rivers, the boat coming downstream has right of way.

    ", + "

    Under bridges, the boat closest to the bridge has right of way. Keep right until the boat has passed.

    ", + "

    The maximum speed on narrow canals is 4 miles per hour (mph).

    ", + "

    The Boater\u2019s Handbook gives more information on waterway rules.

    ", + "

    New boats

    ", + "

    New boats should already meet the standards, so you won\u2019t need to have it checked.

    ", + "

    You may be asked for the certificate proving that your new boat meets the required standards when you register it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get a BSS certificate after 4 years and renew it every 4 years after that, unless you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    Penalty for not having a certificate

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be penalised if you don\u2019t have a certificate for your boat and aren\u2019t exempt.

    ", + "

    The penalty depends on which navigation authority manages the waterway you\u2019re using.

    ", + "

    If you own a commercial boat

    ", + "

    You may need a BSS certificate if your boat carries less than 12 passengers - check the BSS guidance.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Passenger Certificate issued by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) if you\u2019re carrying more than 12 passengers.

    ", + "

    You should also check whether you need:

    ", + "
  • any statutory certificates
    • ", + "
  • to meet any other requirements
    • ", + "

    Safety at sea

    ", + "

    You must follow international safety regulations if you\u2019re using a boat at sea.

    ", + "

    This means you must:

    ", + "
  • plan your voyage
    • ", + "
  • carry a radar reflector
    • ", + "
  • carry an illustrated table of the recognised life-saving signals
    • ", + "
  • help other craft, if needed
    • ", + "
  • use distress signals properly
    • ", + "

    You could be prosecuted if you\u2019re involved in a boating accident and you haven\u2019t followed the regulations.

    ", + "

    Read the Maritime and Coastguard Agency\u2019s \u2018Life saving signals\u2019 leaflet for more information.

    ", + "

    Preventing collisions

    ", + "

    The regulations on preventing collisions say that you must:

    ", + "
  • fit navigation lights, shapes and sound-signalling devices on your boat
    • ", + "
  • stay a safe distance away from other boats, and diving boats flying the blue-and-white \u2018Alpha\u2019 flag
    • ", + "
  • be alert to other boats around you at all times
    • ", + "

    Read \u2018The Merchant Shipping (Distress Signals and Prevention of Collisions) Regulations 1996\u2019 for more information.

    ", + "

    Safety equipment

    ", + "

    If your boat is more than 13.7 metres long, you must carry:

    ", + "
  • lifejackets
    • ", + "
  • liferafts
    • ", + "
  • flares
    • ", + "
  • fire extinguishers
    • ", + "

    The specific details of what you need to carry depends on the size of your boat and how far you\u2019re travelling away from the coast.

    ", + "

    See the regulations applicable to \u2018pleasure vessels\u2019.

    ", + "

    Preventing pollution

    ", + "

    You mustn\u2019t drop oil or rubbish into the sea. If your boat is more than 12 metres long you must also display a notice on board explaining how to get rid of rubbish properly.

    ", + "

    For more information, read the regulations for preventing pollution from ships.

    ", + "

    Getting rid of old or damaged flares

    ", + "

    You must follow the rules for getting rid of out-of-date or damaged flares.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s an offence to:

    ", + "
  • put them in household rubbish, garden waste or public litter bins
    • ", + "
  • dump them at sea
    • ", + "
  • leave them anywhere a member of the public could find them
    • ", + "
  • set them off
    • ", + "

    You should contact any of the following:

    ", + "
  • the place you bought them, if they offer a \u2018take back\u2019 scheme
    • ", + "
  • some marinas - a small charge may apply
    • ", + "
  • some liferaft service stations
    • ", + "
  • some council recycling centres
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to dispose of them at a Coastguard Operations Centre. You must book an appointment in advance.

    ", + "

    If you own a commercial boat

    ", + "

    If you own a small commercial boat you may also have to:

    ", + "
  • meet certain operational standards
    • ", + "
  • have the boat surveyed
    • ", + "

    Insurance

    ", + "

    You should check what kind of insurance you need - it depends on how and where you use your boat.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using inland waterways

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to have \u2018third party\u2019 insurance for at least \u00a31 million if you have a powered boat or a houseboat.

    ", + "

    You may also need insurance for some types of unpowered boat, eg a houseboat - check with the navigation authority that manages the waterway you want to use.

    ", + "

    You could be prosecuted or fined if you don\u2019t have the right insurance - the kind of penalty depends on your navigation authority.

    ", + "

    The Canal and River Trust website has a list of insurance companies that provide boat insurance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using a boat at sea

    ", + "

    Check the MCA guidance if you own a small commercial boat - you may need statutory certificates.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Register a boat", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You usually need to register or licence your boat if you want to keep or use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use to find out.

    ", + "

    A boat is:

    ", + "
  • any vessel with or without a motor, for example a sailing boat, river boat, canal boat or houseboat
    • ", + "
  • any \u2018open boat\u2019 such as canoe, paddle board, rowing boat or dinghy
    • ", + "

    To get a boat registration you may need:

    ", + "
  • insurance
    • ", + "
  • a Boat Safety Scheme (BSS) certificate
    • ", + "

    You must renew each year for the waterway you want to keep or use your boat on. You can buy a visitor registration or licence for shorter periods.

    ", + "

    Carry more than 12 passengers

    ", + "

    You must have a passenger-carrying certificate issued by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency if you want to carry more than 12 passengers.

    ", + "

    Commercial use

    ", + "

    You must apply for a boatmaster\u2019s licence if you want to use your boat commercially.

    ", + "

    Use at sea

    ", + "

    You can register your boat with the UK Ship Register for use at sea.

    ", + "

    Who to contact

    ", + "

    Register or license your boat with the navigation authority responsible for the waterway you want to use.

    ", + "

    Most canals and some rivers, like the Severn, Trent and Ouse

    ", + "

    Register with the Canal & River Trust.

    ", + "

    Norfolk and Suffolk Broads, and adjacent waters

    ", + "

    Register with the Broads Authority.

    ", + "

    River Thames, River Medway, and the rivers of East Anglia

    ", + "

    Download the application form for the waterway you want to use and register with the Environment Agency:

    ", + "
  • River Thames
    • ", + "
  • River Medway
    • ", + "
  • Anglian waterways (Great Ouse System, River Nene, River Stour, River Ancholme, Black Sluice, River Welland and River Glen)
    • ", + "
  • Rye Harbour
    • ", + "

    River Thames annual registrations run from 1 January to 31 December. Other registrations run from 1 April to 31 March.

    ", + "

    The Royal Military Canal

    ", + "

    You do not need to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam in Shorncliffe, Kent and Iden Lock in Cliffe End, East Sussex.

    ", + "

    Contact Shepway District Council to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam and Seabrook.

    ", + "

    Scotland and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Check if you need to register your boat with Scottish Canals or NI Direct.

    ", + "

    Other areas

    ", + "

    Check with the Inland Waterways Association to find the navigation authority for other areas.

    ", + "

    Using more than one waterway

    ", + "

    You can buy a \u2018gold licence\u2019 which lets you use all Environment Agency and Canal & River Trust waterways.

    ", + "

    Canoe or rowing boat exemptions

    ", + "

    You may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.

    ", + "

    Rowing clubs or associations can register a rowing boat for use on some waterways through British Rowing.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    An enforcement officer may put an enforcement notice on your boat if it\u2019s on an inland waterway and:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s not licensed or registered
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s not licensed or registered for the waterway you\u2019re using
    • ", + "
  • your licence or registration is not displayed
    • ", + "
  • it breaches the terms and conditions of the licence or registration
    • ", + "

    Check your licence or registration for additional rules that apply to your waterway.

    ", + "

    You may be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a31,000 or have your boat removed if you do not display an up-to-date licence or registration.

    ", + "

    Questions about a penalty notice

    ", + "

    Contact your navigation authority if you have questions about a penalty notice.

    ", + "

    The UK Ship Register

    ", + "

    You need to register your boat with the UK Ship Register to use it at sea.

    ", + "

    Whether you can use the register depends on your citizenship status. Check the eligibility requirements for each part of the UK Ship Register.

    ", + "

    There are 4 different parts of the register. Which part you use depends on what you\u2019re using your boat for:

    ", + "
  • Part 1 - commercial or pleasure boats
    • ", + "
  • Part 2 - fishing boats
    • ", + "
  • Part 3 - small boats
    • ", + "
  • Part 4 - charter boats
    • ", + "

    Part 1 registration - commercial or pleasure boats

    ", + "

    You can use Part 1 of the register if you have either:

    ", + "
  • a commercial boat, unless you plan to use it for fishing
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018pleasure vessel\u2019 - this means you do not make any money from it
    • ", + "

    Registering your boat on Part 1 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to:

    ", + "
  • get a marine mortgage against your boat
    • ", + "
  • spend more than 6 months outside the UK
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a3153 to register for 5 years.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew. It costs \u00a372 to renew your registration for another 5 years.

    ", + "

    Part 2 registration - fishing boats

    ", + "

    Use Part 2 of the register if you\u2019re using your boat to catch and sell fish.

    ", + "

    You can choose from \u2018simple\u2019 or \u2018full\u2019 registration. If you choose full registration you can get a marine mortgage against your boat.

    ", + "

    To register for 5 years it costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3159 for simple registration
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3196 for full registration
    • ", + "

    Part 3 registration - small boats

    ", + "

    Use Part 3 of the register (small ships register) if:

    ", + "
  • your boat is less than 24 metres long
    • ", + "
  • your boat is a pleasure vessel
    • ", + "
  • you live in the UK for at least 185 days of the year
    • ", + "

    You cannot use Part 3 of the register if you\u2019re a business.

    ", + "

    Registering on Part 3 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to prove your boat\u2019s nationality when sailing outside UK waters.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a335 for 5 years.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew.

    ", + "

    Part 4 registration - charter boats

    ", + "

    Use Part 4 of the register if you plan to hire out (charter) your boat.

    ", + "

    It costs between \u00a335 and \u00a3196 for 5 years. The amount you\u2019ll pay depends on the type of boat you\u2019re registering.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    You can register your boat online. You\u2019ll need to create an account if you do not already have one.

    ", + "

    If you own the boat with other people, all owners must have an account before you can register your boat online.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You can pay by debit or credit card.

    ", + "

    You can also use the online service to renew, cancel or change the details of your registration.

    ", + "

    Before you start

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • the dimensions of your boat
    • ", + "
  • the previous registration details of the boat (if it\u2019s been registered before)
    • ", + "
  • the bill of sale
    • ", + "
  • the radio signal detail - including your UK radio call sign, Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number and International Maritime Organization (IMO) number
    • ", + "
  • the builders certificate
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of survey for tonnage and measurement
    • ", + "
  • an international tonnage certificate (ITC69)
    • ", + "
  • safety certificates
    • ", + "

    Other ways to register

    ", + "

    You can also register by post. Download and fill in the form for the type of boat you want to register.

    ", + "

    Contact

    ", + "

    You can contact the UK Ship Register by email, phone or post.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a hedgerow notice", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-hedgerow-notice", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your council makes decisions about hedgerow notices.

    ", + "

    You can appeal a decision if they\u2019ve sent you either:

    ", + "
  • a retention notice, saying you cannot remove a hedgerow
    • ", + "
  • a replacement notice, telling you to replace a hedgerow you\u2019ve already removed
    • ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 28 days of the date on the council\u2019s notice.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    Once your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 31 weeks.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Fill in a hedgerow appeal form.

    ", + "

    You also need:

    ", + "
  • a copy of your original application
    • ", + "
  • the reason for your appeal
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal
    • ", + "

    Email these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on a hedgerow appeal.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently comment by post. You can still comment by email.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. You\u2019ll normally get a decision within 31 weeks.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. However, you might have to pay another party\u2019s costs too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a right of way decision", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-right-of-way-decision", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local council makes decisions about right of way applications.

    ", + "

    You can appeal their decision if you applied to change the area\u2019s \u2018definitive map and statement\u2019 and either:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with the decision - this is known as a \u2018schedule 14 appeal\u2019
    • ", + "
  • your local council did not make a decision within 12 months - this is known as a \u2018direction request\u2019
    • ", + "

    You cannot appeal if:

    ", + "
  • the council approves a different use for the land, for example they make an order for a footpath when you applied for a bridleway
    • ", + "
  • you did not submit your original application correctly, for example you did not notify landowners who might be affected by the change
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 28 days of the date on the decision letter, or 12 months after you submitted the application if your local council has not made a decision.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    Once your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 26 weeks.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Make your appeal to the Planning Inspectorate by filling in the appeal form. Write to the Secretary of State if you\u2019re making a direction request.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently send your appeal form in the post. Email it to rightsofway2@planninginspectorate.gov.uk instead.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing a decision

    ", + "

    You must submit 2 copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • the reason for your appeal
    • ", + "
  • the council\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "
  • any notices you issued while applying, for example to let other landowners know you were applying for a change
    • ", + "
  • a map showing the proposed right of way
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal
    • ", + "
  • confirmation that you\u2019ve notified the local council about your appeal
    • ", + "

    If the local council has not made a decision

    ", + "

    You must submit 2 copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • confirmation that you notified the landowners of your original application
    • ", + "

    Email your form and these documents to rightsofway2@planninginspectorate.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on a right of way appeal.

    ", + "

    Your local council must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. The council has to do this within 14 days of the appeal being validated by the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally get a decision within 30 weeks (or 21 weeks for a direction request).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re successful

    ", + "

    For appeals, the Planning Inspectorate will tell the council to make the order. There\u2019s no time limit for your local council to do this.

    ", + "

    For direction requests, the Planning Inspectorate will give the local council a time limit to make a decision on your original application.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Protecting rural landscapes and features", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/protecting-rural-landscapes-and-features", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As a landowner you must manage and maintain land with:

    ", + "
  • hedgerows and watercourses
    • ", + "
  • trees and woodland
    • ", + "
  • dry stone walls
    • ", + "

    You also have obligations if you own or occupy a scheduled monument.

    ", + "

    Rural landscapes and features are protected:

    ", + "
  • by planning policies and laws
    • ", + "
  • through the Rural Development Programme for England
    • ", + "
  • through \u2018cross compliance\u2019 - set rules for farming and land management
    • ", + "

    You can apply for funding schemes to help you protect your land.

    ", + "

    Funding and cross compliance

    ", + "

    You can apply for funding to protect rural landscapes and features through:

    ", + "
  • the Basic Payment Scheme - main EU\nagricultural subsidy scheme supporting environmentally-friendly farming practices
    • ", + "
  • Countryside Stewardship - offers financial rewards for good land management which improves the quality of the environment
    • ", + "

    Cross compliance

    ", + "

    To get funding from EU and UK rural development schemes you need to meet a set of rules known as cross compliance.

    ", + "

    Hedgerows and watercourses

    ", + "

    If you own land with hedgerows or watercourses, you must do everything you reasonably can to keep green cover (natural vegetation) on land:

    ", + "
  • within 2 metres of the centre of a hedgerow, watercourse or field ditch
    • ", + "
  • within 1 metre of the top of the bank of a watercourse or field ditch
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s against the law to remove or destroy certain hedgerows without permission from your local planning authority.

    ", + "

    You must also make sure you do not:

    ", + "
  • cultivate or apply fertilisers or pesticides on these strips of green cover
    • ", + "
  • cut or trim hedgerows between 1 March and 31 August
    • ", + "

    Find more information on hedgerow protection and management.

    ", + "

    Trees and woodland

    ", + "

    The Forestry Commission has guidance on managing woodlands and minimising damage to them.

    ", + "

    Tree felling and Tree Preservation Orders (TPOs)

    ", + "

    You must get written consent from your local planning authority before you damage or destroy, uproot, top or lop any trees that are protected by TPOs.

    ", + "

    You must also give 42 days\u2019 written notice to your local planning authority if you wish to cut down any tree in a conservation area.

    ", + "

    You may need a felling licence from the Forestry Commission to fell trees.

    ", + "

    Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of forestry projects

    ", + "

    You need an EIA if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • creating new woodland
    • ", + "
  • permanently removing woodland
    • ", + "
  • doing forest road works
    • ", + "
  • doing forest-related quarrying
    • ", + "

    You may also need permission from the Forestry Commission before you begin the work.

    ", + "

    Funding for woodlands

    ", + "

    Grants for woodland are available under the Countryside Stewardship and the Woodland Carbon Fund.

    ", + "

    Dry stone walls

    ", + "

    Stone walls of all types are important as landscape features and for stock management. Dry stone walls are walls made without the use of mortar or cement.

    ", + "

    If you have dry stone walls on your land, you should:

    ", + "
  • check their condition at least once a year
    • ", + "
  • remove any vegetation to help to \u2018air\u2019 the wall and prevent frost damage
    • ", + "
  • use local stone to make any repairs
    • ", + "
  • prevent trees from growing alongside, as their roots can weaken wall foundations
    • ", + "

    You must not remove a dry stone wall, or remove stone from it, except in special cases.

    ", + "

    Contact the Dry Stone Walling Association for more information.

    ", + "

    Funding for dry stone walls

    ", + "

    Countryside Stewardship funding is available to farmers and land managers for dry stone wall restoration.

    ", + "

    Scheduled monuments

    ", + "

    A scheduled monument is a site that\u2019s legally protected because of its historical importance.

    ", + "

    Scheduled monuments might be:

    ", + "
  • archaeological sites, such as ancient burial mounds
    • ", + "
  • more recent remains, such as from the coal industry or World War 2
    • ", + "

    You need written permission from your regional Historic England office to carry out work on a scheduled monument. You may also need planning permission from your council.

    ", + "

    You can download \u2018A Guide for Owners and Occupiers of Scheduled Monuments\u2019.

    ", + "

    Grants for scheduled monuments

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a Historic England grant to help maintain or repair a scheduled monument.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Rights of way and accessing land", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-way-open-access-land", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You have the right to access some land for walking or certain other leisure activities.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • use public roads and pavements or public rights of way, for example footpaths or bridleways
    • ", + "
  • use your right to roam on open access land including mountains, moors, heaths, downs, common land and some land around the England Coast Path
    • ", + "

    If neither of these apply, you may still be able to access private land if:

    ", + "
  • the land was used as a public right of way in the past - check old maps and documents
    • ", + "
  • the land was accessed by the public for at least 20 years and nobody has asked them to stop
    • ", + "
  • the landowner has given permission (\u2018permissive access\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Help protect the natural environment by following the Countryside Code.

    ", + "

    Use public rights of way

    ", + "

    You can walk on all public rights of way.

    ", + "

    Some public rights of way are also open to horse riders, cyclists or motorists.

    ", + "

    You can use:

    ", + "
  • footpaths - for walking, running, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs
    • ", + "
  • bridleways - for walking, horse riding, bicycles, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs
    • ", + "
  • restricted byways - for any transport without a motor and mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs
    • ", + "
  • byways open to all traffic - for any kind of transport, including cars (but they\u2019re mainly used by walkers, cyclists and horse riders)
    • ", + "

    Rights of way in England, Wales and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Public rights of way are marked with signs or coloured arrows, for example yellow for footpaths, blue for bridleways.

    ", + "

    You can find the route of public rights of way:

    ", + "
  • on Ordnance Survey and other maps
    • ", + "
  • on some council websites
    • ", + "

    Rights of way in Scotland

    ", + "

    You can find rights of way through the charity Scotways.

    ", + "

    Report problems with a right of way

    ", + "

    Contact the local council to report a problem, for example obstructions, poor maintenance or a misleading sign.

    ", + "

    Change a public right of way

    ", + "

    Contact the local council about adding, changing or removing a public right of way temporarily or permanently.

    ", + "

    You can contact the Local Government Ombudsman if you think your council has not dealt with your enquiry properly.

    ", + "

    Use your right to roam

    ", + "

    You can access some land across England without having to use paths - this land is known as \u2018open access land\u2019 or \u2018access land\u2019.

    ", + "

    Access land includes mountains, moors, heaths and downs that are privately owned. It also includes common land registered with the local council and some land around the England Coast Path.

    ", + "

    Your right to access this land is called the \u2018right to roam\u2019, or \u2018freedom to roam\u2019.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can use access land for walking, running, watching wildlife and climbing.

    ", + "

    There are certain activities you cannot usually do on open access land, including:

    ", + "
  • horse-riding
    • ", + "
  • cycling
    • ", + "
  • camping
    • ", + "
  • taking animals other than dogs on to the land
    • ", + "
  • driving a vehicle (except mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs)
    • ", + "
  • water sports
    • ", + "

    But you can use access land for horse-riding and cycling if:

    ", + "
  • the landowner allows it
    • ", + "
  • public bridleways or byways cross the land \u2013 horse riders and cyclists can ride along these
    • ", + "
  • there are local traditions, or rights, of access
    • ", + "

    Dogs on open access land

    ", + "

    You must keep your dog on a lead no more than 2 metres long on open access land:

    ", + "
  • between 1 March and 31 July - to protect ground-nesting birds
    • ", + "
  • at all times around livestock
    • ", + "

    On land next to the England Coast Path you must keep your dog under close control.

    ", + "

    There may be other local or seasonal restrictions. These do not apply to public rights of way or assistance dogs.

    ", + "

    Excepted land

    ", + "

    On access land some areas remain private (\u2018excepted land\u2019). You do not have the right to access these areas, even if they appear on a map of open access land.

    ", + "

    Excepted land includes:

    ", + "
  • houses, buildings and the land they\u2019re on (such as courtyards)
    • ", + "
  • land used to grow crops
    • ", + "
  • building sites and land that\u2019s being developed
    • ", + "
  • parks and gardens
    • ", + "
  • golf courses and racecourses
    • ", + "
  • railways and tramways
    • ", + "
  • working quarries
    • ", + "

    Use public rights of way to cross excepted land.

    ", + "

    Find open access land

    ", + "

    Search for open access land in England and find out about land that\u2019s currently closed to walkers.

    ", + "

    Find open access land in Wales.

    ", + "

    Contact the local council to find common land near you.

    ", + "

    Report problems with open access land

    ", + "

    You can report problems to the local access authority - contact them through the local council.

    ", + "

    If the problem is in a national park, you can contact them directly.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the Open Access Contact Centre for information about open access land in England.

    ", + "

    Access private land

    ", + "

    You may be able to access private land if the landowner has agreed to let people use it, for example for walking, cycling or horse riding (sometimes known as giving \u2018permissive access\u2019). Look for signs.

    ", + "

    Search for farms and other land with access for schools, families and other groups.

    ", + "

    Search for land of outstanding scenic or scientific interest, including land with permissive access, in the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) directory.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Buy a rod fishing licence", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fishing-licences", + "contents": [ + "

    When you need a licence

    ", + "

    You must have a rod fishing licence for England and Wales if you\u2019re fishing for salmon, trout, freshwater fish, smelt or eel with a rod and line in:

    ", + "
  • England (except the River Tweed)
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • the Border Esk region, including the parts of the river that are in Scotland
    • ", + "

    You can get a fine of up to \u00a32,500 if you\u2019re fishing in these areas and cannot show a valid rod fishing licence when asked.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for fishing in the rest of Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Children under 13 do not need a licence.

    ", + "

    Licences for children aged between 13 and 16 are free. You\u2019ll still need to get a junior licence.

    ", + "

    Other permissions and licences you may need

    ", + "

    You also need:

    ", + "
  • permission from the landowner to fish on private land
    • ", + "
  • an additional licence to fish in locks or weirs on the River Thames
    • ", + "

    You must follow national and local rules (byelaws) when freshwater fishing with a rod and line in England and Wales. There may be more rules on private land.

    ", + "

    Types of licences and rod limits

    ", + "

    Trout, coarse fish and eel licence

    ", + "

    This lets you fish non-migratory trout and all freshwater fish.

    ", + "

    You must use your licence in one of the following ways. You can choose to fish with:

    ", + "
  • 1 rod for non-migratory trout in rivers, streams, drains and canals
    • ", + "
  • up to 2 rods for non-migratory trout in reservoirs, lakes and ponds
    • ", + "
  • up to 2 rods for freshwater fish
    • ", + "

    You can also buy a 12-month licence that lets you use 3 rods for freshwater fish.

    ", + "

    The place where you fish may have additional rules about how many rods you can use there.

    ", + "

    Salmon and sea trout licence

    ", + "

    This lets you fish salmon, sea trout, non-migratory trout and all freshwater fish.

    ", + "

    You must use your licence in one of 3 ways. You can choose to fish with:

    ", + "
  • 1 rod for salmon, sea trout and non-migratory trout in rivers, streams and canals
    • ", + "
  • up to 2 rods for salmon, sea trout and non-migratory trout in reservoirs, lakes and ponds
    • ", + "
  • up to 3 rods for freshwater fish
    • ", + "

    You must report a catch return every year even if you did not fish.

    ", + "

    The place where you fish may have additional rules about how many rods you can use there.

    ", + "

    Rods that are not affected by licence limits

    ", + "

    The following rods are not affected by licence limits unless they have hooks attached:

    ", + "
  • spod rods (used to propel bait into water)
    • ", + "
  • marker rods (used to mark out lines)
    • ", + "

    Buy a rod fishing licence for England and Wales

    ", + "

    You can buy a 1-day, 8-day or 12-month licence online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a debit or credit card
    • ", + "
  • your Blue Badge or National Insurance number, if you have a disability and you\u2019re applying for a 12-month licence
    • ", + "
  • the other person\u2019s details (such as date of birth), if you\u2019re buying for someone else
    • ", + "

    Your licence can start on any date within 30 days of the day you buy it.

    ", + "

    Licence prices depend on the type of fish you are fishing for and the number of rods you use.

    ", + "Licence type | Trout and coarse up to 2-rod | Trout and coarse 3-rod | Salmon and sea trout", + "1-day | \u00a36 | Not available | \u00a312", + "8-day | \u00a312 | Not available | \u00a327", + "12-month | \u00a330 | \u00a345 | \u00a382", + "12-month - over 65 or disabled | \u00a320 | \u00a330 | \u00a354", + "12-month - junior (13 to 16) | Free | Free | Free", + "

    There are no discounted prices for a 1-day or an 8-day licence.

    ", + "

    You need different permissions or licences to fish in most of Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Buy now

    ", + "

    Eligibility for disabled licences

    ", + "

    You can get a discounted 12-month disabled licence if you have a Blue Badge or get Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment (any rate).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 16 and have a disability you can choose to have the fact you are disabled noted on your junior rod licence. This may help you prove your eligibility for discounts or assisted access at fisheries.

    ", + "

    Give your Blue Badge or National Insurance number (or child reference number if you\u2019re under 16) when you apply.

    ", + "

    Other ways to buy a licence

    ", + "

    You can also buy adult licences:

    ", + "
  • at a Post Office
    • ", + "
  • by calling the Environment Agency
    • ", + "

    You cannot get a junior licence at the Post Office or over the phone. You must apply online.

    ", + "

    If you have not received your 12-month licence

    ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency if you do not get your licence within 15 working days.

    ", + "

    Extend a licence

    ", + "

    To change a 1-day or 8-day licence to a 12-month licence, call the Environment Agency within 14 days of buying it. You\u2019ll need to buy a new licence but you\u2019ll get a refund for the first one you bought.

    ", + "

    Replace a licence or update your details

    ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency:

    ", + "
  • if you have questions about your licence
    • ", + "
  • to replace a licence
    • ", + "
  • to update your details if you\u2019ve changed your name or address
    • ", + "

    Fishing in Scotland and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Fishing in Scotland

    ", + "

    You do not need a licence to fish with rod and line anywhere in Scotland apart from in the Border Esk region.

    ", + "

    You only need permission from the landowner or an angling club.

    ", + "

    As the Border Esk flows into England you need to buy a rod fishing licence for England and Wales to fish any part of it, including the parts of the river and its tributaries that are in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Fishing in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You must have a rod licence and angling permit from a Northern Irish agency to fish in Northern Ireland.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Freshwater rod fishing rules", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/freshwater-rod-fishing-rules", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must follow national and local rules (byelaws) when freshwater fishing with a rod and line in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    These rules are aimed at protecting fish stocks and making fisheries sustainable.

    ", + "

    Freshwater fish include salmon, trout, coarse fish and eels.

    ", + "

    You must have a rod licence to fish in England and Wales if you\u2019re aged 13 or older.

    ", + "

    Find out which rules apply to your area

    ", + "

    England and Wales are broken down into regions that each have their own rules. National rules are included in each set of local rules.

    ", + "

    There may also be rules for privately owned bodies of water, such as private fishing lakes.

    ", + "

    Read the rules for your area

    ", + "

    Read the local byelaws for your area to find out the:

    ", + "
  • areas in your region where you\u2019re not allowed to fish
    • ", + "
  • closed seasons (when you can\u2019t fish) which apply to particular types of water and fish within your region
    • ", + "
  • sort of tackle you can use for certain fish in your region
    • ", + "
  • size of fish you can keep
    • ", + "

    Read the local byelaws for your region - there are different regulations for Wales.

    ", + "

    When and where you can fish

    ", + "

    \u2018Close seasons\u2019 are seasons when you can\u2019t fish for some types of fish on certain types of water.

    ", + "

    For example, you can\u2019t fish for coarse fish on any river in England and Wales from 15 March to 15 June.

    ", + "

    Reservoirs, lakes and ponds (\u2018enclosed stillwaters\u2019) and canals

    ", + "

    You can fish for coarse fish, eels, rainbow trout and brown trout on most enclosed stillwaters and canals all year.

    ", + "

    Read the local byelaws to check your area.

    ", + "

    Rivers, streams, drains or waterways (other than canals)

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t fish for coarse fish and eels on rivers from the 15 March to 15 June (you can fish for eel in some areas - read the local byelaws).

    ", + "

    You need to read the local byelaws for close seasons for salmon, brown trout and rainbow trout on rivers.

    ", + "

    Privately owned bodies of water can also have their own close seasons.

    ", + "

    Lock and weir fishing on the Thames

    ", + "

    You must have an additional permit to fish locks and weirs on the Thames.

    ", + "

    Game fishing during the coarse fish close season

    ", + "

    You can fish for salmon, trout and other game fish during the coarse fish close season. You have to use certain types of lures and baits in some areas however.

    ", + "

    Midlands, Yorkshire, and the north-east and north-west of England

    ", + "

    You can only use natural or artificial fly, minnow, worm, shrimp, prawn, sand eel or artificial lures during close season.

    ", + "

    South-east of England

    ", + "

    You can only use artificial fly. In the Thames area, you can apply for permission from the Environment Agency to also use minnow caught in a minnow trap if used on the same waters.

    ", + "

    Wales or the south-west of England

    ", + "

    Read the local byelaws for Wales or the south-west of England.

    ", + "

    Fish size and catch limits

    ", + "

    You\u2019re only allowed to keep a certain amount of the fish you catch.

    ", + "

    These fish must also be of a certain size.

    ", + "

    You must return fish you can\u2019t keep to the water unharmed.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re committing an offence and can be fined if you take too many fish or fish that aren\u2019t the right size.

    ", + "

    Size limits

    ", + "

    Whether you can keep a fish depends on:

    ", + "
  • the type of fish
    • ", + "
  • where you\u2019re fishing
    • ", + "

    Read the local byelaws for your region.

    ", + "

    You must measure fish from the tip of the snout to the fork of the tail.

    ", + "

    Catch limits

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a daily limit on the number of fish you can take.

    ", + "

    Coarse (freshwater) fish

    ", + "

    Each day you can only take from rivers:

    ", + "
  • 1 pike (up to 65cm)
    • ", + "
  • 2 grayling (30cm to 38cm)
    • ", + "
  • 15 small fish (up to 20cm) including barbel, chub, common bream, common carp, crucian carp, dace, perch, rudd, silver bream, roach, smelt and tench
    • ", + "

    Any eels you catch (except conger eels) must be released alive.

    ", + "

    You can also take:

    ", + "
  • minor or \u2018tiddler\u2019 species, such as gudgeon
    • ", + "
  • non-native species
    • ", + "
  • ornamental varieties of native species like ghost or koi carp
    • ", + "

    You can be fined if you remove fish from privately-owned waters without written permission from the owner.

    ", + "

    Salmon and trout

    ", + "

    Read your local byelaws for the local daily limit of salmon and trout you can take.

    ", + "

    You can be fined for selling rod-caught salmon or sea trout in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    Tackle you can use

    ", + "

    There are rules on how many rods you can use at a time, and the types of lures, bait, nets and weights.

    ", + "

    Read the local byelaws for your region.

    ", + "

    Fishing rods

    ", + "

    The number of rods you can use at the same time depends on the water you\u2019re fishing in and the fish you\u2019re trying to catch.

    ", + "

    You must make sure that the distance between the butts of the outermost rods isn\u2019t more than 3 metres when fishing with multiple rods and lines.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to leave a rod and line in the water unattended or over which you don\u2019t have sufficient control.

    ", + "

    Lures, bait and tackle

    ", + "

    In England and Wales you must not:

    ", + "
  • use crayfish as bait
    • ", + "
  • use another fish you\u2019ve taken as bait unless you\u2019re doing so on the same waters where you caught it
    • ", + "
  • keep fish you\u2019ve foul hooked (caught with a hook puncturing anywhere but the fish\u2019s mouth or throat) - these must be returned alive
    • ", + "
  • use a gaff (a pole with a large hook at the end) or a tailer (a loop of cable or wire at the end of a pole)
    • ", + "

    Before 16 June you can only use artificial lure and artificial fly to fish for salmon, which must be returned unharmed to the water.

    ", + "

    Dispose of your tackle safely to avoid harm to wildlife.

    ", + "

    Lead weights

    ", + "

    You can only use lead weights if they\u2019re .06 grams or less or more than 28.35 grams. This means lead shot weights from size 14 to size 8 and lead weights over 1 ounce.

    ", + "

    Lead is toxic to birds, so if you\u2019re using lead dust shot make sure the containers are spill proof.

    ", + "

    Keepnets, keepsacks and landing nets

    ", + "

    Keepnets must:

    ", + "
  • have no knotted meshes or meshes of metallic material
    • ", + "
  • have holes smaller than 25mm
    • ", + "
  • be more than 2 metres long
    • ", + "
  • have supporting rings or frames less than 40cm apart and more than 120cm in circumference
    • ", + "

    A keepsack must be:

    ", + "
  • made from a soft, dark coloured, non-abrasive and water permeable fabric
    • ", + "
  • at least 120cm by 90cm if rectangular
    • ", + "
  • at least 150cm by 30cm by 40cm if used with a frame
    • ", + "
  • used to hold no more than one fish at a time
    • ", + "

    Landing nets

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use a landing net with any meshes that are knotted or made of metallic material.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Hunting and shooting wildlife", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hunting", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must follow the rules for hunting and shooting wildlife including:

    ", + "
  • what you can hunt or shoot
    • ", + "
  • when you can do it
    • ", + "
  • what equipment you can use
    • ", + "

    You can be fined or jailed for hunting illegally or causing unnecessary suffering to an animal.

    ", + "

    You must have permission from the land owner.

    ", + "

    Firearms and shotgun certificates

    ", + "

    You must get a certificate to use a shotgun, rifle or other firearm.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a certificate for:

    ", + "
  • air rifles up to 12ft lb in power
    • ", + "
  • air pistols up to 6ft lb in power
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t use:

    ", + "
  • bows or crossbows
    • ", + "
  • explosives (other than the legal ammunition for a firearm)
    • ", + "

    Managing wildlife and controlling pests

    ", + "

    There are different rules about what you can do to manage wildlife on your land or control pests on your property.

    ", + "

    Birds

    ", + "

    You can shoot certain species of game birds, quarry birds and waterfowl but only during the shooting season.

    ", + "

    Sometimes you can only shoot in certain locations, for example you can\u2019t shoot some waterfowl above the high water line.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t shoot birds in the closed season.

    ", + "

    You must get a falconry licence to hunt birds with a falcon.

    ", + "

    Equipment

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using a shotgun to shoot birds, the internal diameter of the shotgun can\u2019t be more than 1.75 inches.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use:

    ", + "
  • a firearm that can hold more than 2 rounds of ammunition in the magazine (such as an automatic or semi-automatic weapon)
    • ", + "
  • artificial lighting
    • ", + "
  • a sighting device for night shooting, or a device for lighting up targets
    • ", + "

    Mammals

    ", + "

    There are different rules for foxes, deer and other mammals.

    ", + "

    Foxes

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to hunt foxes with a pack of dogs. You can use dogs to simulate hunting, for example \u2018drag\u2019 or \u2018trail\u2019 hunting.

    ", + "

    You can use up to 2 dogs to chase (\u2018flush\u2019 or \u2018stalk\u2019) foxes out of hiding if the fox is causing damage to your property or the environment.

    ", + "

    Your dogs can\u2019t go underground to find the foxes unless they\u2019re threatening wild or game birds kept for shooting - only one dog can go underground at any time.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • shoot the fox quickly after it\u2019s been found
    • ", + "
  • carry proof you own the land you\u2019re shooting on or written permission from the landowner
    • ", + "

    You can be fined, and your dogs or hunting equipment taken away, if you break the law.

    ", + "

    There are other ways you can control foxes if they\u2019re causing damage to your property or the environment.

    ", + "

    Deer

    ", + "

    You must follow the restrictions on when you can shoot deer and what type of firearms and ammunition you can use.

    ", + "

    You need a licence to shoot deer:

    ", + "
  • in the closed season
    • ", + "
  • at night (at any time of the year)
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t use a vehicle to chase deer.

    ", + "

    Other mammals

    ", + "

    You can hunt or shoot some other mammals.

    ", + "

    There are rules on when you can hunt or shoot and what equipment you can use.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Prepare for flooding", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-for-flooding", + "contents": [ + "

    If you\u2019re about to be flooded

    ", + "

    Check the National Flood Forum or speak to a Floodline adviser to find out how to stay safe during a flood.

    ", + "

    You can check if there\u2019s currently a flood warning in your area.

    ", + "

    Sandbags

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to find out where to get sandbags. You can also get them from some DIY or building supplies shops.

    ", + "

    If you need to travel

    ", + "

    Check flood warnings and road travel information.

    ", + "

    Protect yourself from future flooding

    ", + "

    Plan how you\u2019ll respond to a flood. Use a template to make a:

    ", + "
  • personal flood plan
    • ", + "
  • community or group flood plan - if you\u2019re responsible for an organisation such as a school, hospital, care home or community group
    • ", + "
  • business flood plan
    • ", + "

    Protect your property

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • get advice from the National Flood Forum about how to protect your property and how much this will cost
    • ", + "
  • find flood protection products and services at Blue Pages
    • ", + "

    You may need permission to do work that will affect the flow of a river or divert flood water.

    ", + "

    If you own a riverside property

    ", + "

    If you own property next to a watercourse, for example a river, culvert, brook or mill stream, you must:

    ", + "
  • maintain river beds and banks
    • ", + "
  • not obstruct the water flow
    • ", + "

    Read guidance on the rights and responsibilities of owning a riverside property.

    ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency if you have questions about your responsibilities.

    ", + "

    If your property\u2019s next to a canal

    ", + "

    Contact the Canal and River Trust to check who\u2019s responsible for maintaining the canal.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability or need extra help

    ", + "

    Ask your council if you can be put on a list to get extra help during a flood.

    ", + "

    Citizens Advice can help make sure you\u2019ll get support if your energy supply is affected.

    ", + "

    Ask Floodline to send flood warnings to a friend or relative on your behalf.

    ", + "

    Get insurance

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • find lower-cost home insurance through Flood Re if you\u2019re in a flood-risk area
    • ", + "
  • get insurance advice from the National Flood Forum
    • ", + "
  • find a broker that specialises in properties that are difficult to insure
    • ", + "

    Get evidence of flood risk

    ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency if your insurer asks for evidence of your flood risk.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter within 20 days. It\u2019s free for individuals and businesses.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve done work on your property

    ", + "

    You or a surveyor can complete a Flood Risk Report. This will tell insurers or buyers how the work has reduced the flood risk.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Electrical waste: retailer and distributor responsibilities", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/electricalwaste-producer-supplier-responsibilities", + "contents": [ + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You have certain responsibilities if you sell electrical and electronic equipment (EEE).

    ", + "

    You must provide a way for your customers to dispose of their old household electrical and electronic equipment when you sell them a new version of the same item.

    ", + "

    The waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations apply regardless of how you sell the products, whether direct or by internet, mail order or telephone.

    ", + "

    You must either:

    ", + "
  • provide a free, in store, take back service to your customers
    • ", + "
  • set up an alternative, free take back service
    • ", + "

    If you do not have your own take back service, you must join the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS).

    ", + "

    You can be prosecuted if you do not comply with the regulations.

    ", + "

    Tell your customers which service you provide

    ", + "

    You must provide free written information to your customers on:

    ", + "
  • which take back service you provide, including collect on delivery
    • ", + "
  • how they can reuse and recycle electrical and electronic equipment
    • ", + "
  • why this waste needs to be separated from other waste
    • ", + "
  • the damaging effects of not recycling electrical and electronic equipment
    • ", + "
  • the meaning of the crossed-out wheelie bin symbol
    • ", + "

    Shops

    ", + "

    You can provide this information by, for example:

    ", + "
  • displaying posters in your store about which service you provide
    • ", + "
  • including information leaflets with the electrical and electronic equipment you sell
    • ", + "

    Online retailers

    ", + "

    You must publish this information on your website. You can download free customer information if you offer a take back service. DTS members can get these from the scheme.

    ", + "

    You have other responsibilities if you\u2019re a \u2018producer\u2019 - for example you make and sell EEE under your own brand, or sell it in UK from abroad.

    ", + "

    Take back waste in store

    ", + "

    You must offer to take back waste of the same type as the item your customers buy from you, regardless of:

    ", + "
  • whether they buy in-store, online or by mail order
    • ", + "
  • the brand of the item
    • ", + "

    You must also take back items that have the same function. For example, you would:

    ", + "
  • take back a customer\u2019s old kettle when they buy a new one
    • ", + "
  • take back a video player if the customer buys a DVD player
    • ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • offer the in-store service for free - but you can charge to cover transport costs if you\u2019re collecting items from customers\u2019 homes
    • ", + "
  • give customers at least 28 days to bring back their waste item
    • ", + "
  • take back all types of electrical and electronic equipment that you sell - you can choose to extend your service to cover all kinds of electrical and electronic waste
    • ", + "

    Small electronic equipment

    ", + "

    \u2018Very small WEEE\u2019 are items of waste electrical and electronic equipment that are less than 25cm on their longest side.

    ", + "

    You must take back all items of \u2018very small WEEE\u2019 in store if your electrical and electronic equipment sales area is greater than 400 square metres including aisle, display and shelf space.

    ", + "

    You must provide this service to everyone for free, regardless of whether they\u2019ve bought anything from your store.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re exempt if you\u2019ve joined the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) or an assessment shows you already have an effective system.

    ", + "

    Store waste

    ", + "

    Check the conditions to see if you can store the waste temporarily before you dispose of it.

    ", + "

    Dispose of waste

    ", + "

    To dispose of the waste you\u2019ve collected you can do one of the following.

    ", + "

    Producer compliance schemes

    ", + "

    Contact a producer compliance scheme (PCS).

    ", + "

    The PCS will arrange for the waste to be recycled or prepared for re-use at an Approved Authorised Treatment Facility (AATF).

    ", + "

    You may be charged for the collection and transportation of the waste to the AATF or the PCS collection point.

    ", + "

    Transport the waste yourself

    ", + "

    You can transport the waste to an AATF or PCS collection point yourself.

    ", + "

    You need to register as a waste carrier in:

    ", + "
  • England
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You may also need to follow the rules on transporting hazardous waste in:

    ", + "
  • England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Keep records

    ", + "

    You must keep records of all electrical and electronic waste that you collect and dispose of - you can use a template.

    ", + "

    Include the number of units you\u2019ve received through take back and say how many of these were returned to a PCS.

    ", + "

    You need to keep all documentation you make, or are given by the PCS or the AATF, when you dispose of electrical and electronic waste.

    ", + "

    You also need to keep records of how you tell customers about your take back scheme.

    ", + "

    Keep all your records for 4 years.

    ", + "

    Set up an alternative take back service

    ", + "

    You can set up a \u2018designated collection facility\u2019 (DCF) where your customers can take all types of electrical and electronic waste.

    ", + "

    You can do this on your own or with other distributors.

    ", + "

    You must follow the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, other waste management legislation and local planning requirements when managing a DCF.

    ", + "

    You must agree with a producer compliance scheme (PCS) to return the electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) direct to an Approved Authorised Treatment Facility (AATF).

    ", + "

    Use the Distributor Takeback Scheme

    ", + "

    You can use the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) instead of providing a takeback service, if either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your business sells less than \u00a3100,000 of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) per year
    • ", + "
  • you only sell online
    • ", + "

    If your business sells \u00a3100,000 or more of EEE per year and has physical stores, you cannot use the DTS after 31 December 2020. You\u2019ll need to take back waste in store or set up an alternative collection point instead.

    ", + "

    How the scheme works

    ", + "

    You pay a fee that covers your waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) obligations until 31 December 2021. The amount you pay depends on:

    ", + "
  • the size of your business
    • ", + "
  • whether you only sell online
    • ", + "
  • how much EEE you sell
    • ", + "

    This money goes towards supporting the recycling centres run by local authorities.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep a record of what information you give to your customers about where they should take their WEEE.

    ", + "

    If you do not comply

    ", + "

    If you fail to comply with the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, you can be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a35,000 at a magistrates\u2019 court, or get an unlimited fine from a Crown Court.

    ", + "

    You may sometimes get warning letters and formal cautions before a prosecution.

    ", + "

    The Office for Product Safety and Standards enforces these regulations. You can contact them online, call or write to them.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Septic tanks and treatment plants: permits and general binding rules", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permits-you-need-for-septic-tanks", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If your house or business is not connected to the mains sewer, your sewage will go to one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a septic tank - an underground tank where the solids sink to the bottom and the liquid flows out and soaks through the ground
    • ", + "
  • a small sewage treatment plant (also known as a package treatment plant) - a part-mechanical system that treats the liquid so it\u2019s clean enough to go into a river or stream
    • ", + "
  • a cesspool (also called a cesspit) - a sealed tank that collects the sewage
    • ", + "
  • a non-standard system, such as a reed bed or trench arch system
    • ", + "

    There are different rules for septic tanks and treatment plants in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    You have a non-standard system

    ", + "

    You must contact the Environment Agency to find out if you need a permit.

    ", + "

    You have a septic tank or small sewage treatment plant

    ", + "

    As the \u2018operator\u2019 of a septic tank or small sewage treatment plant you must check you meet the general binding rules. You must apply for a permit if you do not.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re an operator if any of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you own the property that uses the system
    • ", + "
  • you own a property that shares the system with other properties - each property owner is an operator, and you\u2019re jointly responsible for complying with the general binding rules
    • ", + "
  • you have a written agreement with the property owner that says you\u2019re responsible for the system\u2019s maintenance, for example you\u2019re renting and it\u2019s in your tenancy agreement
    • ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency if you\u2019re not sure whether you\u2019re an operator.

    ", + "

    The general binding rules

    ", + "

    You must follow the general binding rules if you\u2019re the operator of a septic tank or small sewage treatment plant.

    ", + "

    The sewage must:

    ", + "
  • be domestic in nature, for example from a toilet, bathroom, shower or kitchen of a house, flat or business (such as a pub, hotel or office) - contact the Environment Agency if you\u2019re not sure if the sewage is domestic in nature
    • ", + "
  • not cause pollution - find out how to check for pollution
    • ", + "

    There are other rules depending on whether you\u2019re releasing this sewage:

    ", + "
  • to the ground, for example in your back garden
    • ", + "
  • to a surface water, for example a river or stream
    • ", + "

    Ask your local installation or maintenance company if you\u2019re not sure what sort of system you have.

    ", + "

    Releasing to the ground

    ", + "

    You must use a septic tank or a small sewage treatment plant and a drainage field (infiltration system).

    ", + "

    You must apply for a permit if you release (\u2018discharge\u2019):

    ", + "
  • to a well, borehole or other deep structure
    • ", + "
  • more than 2 cubic metres (2,000 litres) per day
    • ", + "
  • in a groundwater source protection zone (SPZ1)
    • ", + "

    You must also read the additional rules for discharging sewage to the ground.

    ", + "

    Calculate how much sewage you discharge

    ", + "

    For sewage from a residential property, use the calculator to work out how much you discharge per day.

    ", + "

    For commercial properties (such as a hotel, restaurant or office) or holiday accommodation (such as a cottage or chalet), use British Water\u2019s flows and loads guidance or contact the Environment Agency for advice.

    ", + "

    Work out if you\u2019re in a groundwater source protection zone 1 (SPZ1)

    ", + "

    An SPZ1 can be either:

    ", + "
  • the area around a commercial water supply shown on the map of protected zones - check whether your discharge is in the inner zone (Zone 1) or ask the Environment Agency
    • ", + "
  • any area within 50 metres of a private water supply for human consumption - ask your neighbours if they have a spring, well or borehole, and how far it is from your drainage field
    • ", + "

    Releasing to a surface water

    ", + "

    You must use a small sewage treatment plant. You must apply for a permit if you\u2019re discharging more than 5 cubic metres (5,000 litres) per day. Use the calculator to work out how much you discharge per day.

    ", + "

    You must also read the additional rules for discharging sewage to a surface water.

    ", + "

    For commercial properties (such as a hotel, restaurant or office) or holiday accommodation (such as a cottage or chalet), use British Water\u2019s flows and loads guidance or contact the Environment Agency for advice.

    ", + "

    Installing a new system

    ", + "

    You must have building regulations approval. You may also need planning permission.

    ", + "

    Check with your local council.

    ", + "

    If you did not get permission and approval

    ", + "

    You must apply retrospectively for building regulations approval. You may also need planning permission.

    ", + "

    If your system was installed before 1 January 2015, you should contact your local council for advice.

    ", + "

    Apply for a permit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a permit if you do not meet the general binding rules.

    ", + "

    The form you need to fill in depends on:

    ", + "
  • where you discharge the sewage
    • ", + "
  • how much you discharge
    • ", + "

    If you discharge sewage to ground

    ", + "

    There are different forms depending on whether you\u2019re in a groundwater protection zone (SPZ1).

    ", + "

    Outside an SPZ1

    ", + "

    There are different forms if you discharge:

    ", + "
  • between 2 and 15 cubic metres per day
    • ", + "
  • over 15 cubic metres per day
    • ", + "

    Inside an SPZ1

    ", + "

    If you discharge less than 2 cubic metres per day there are different forms:

    ", + "
  • for systems in use before 1 January 2015
    • ", + "
  • for those installed on or after 1 January 2015
    • ", + "

    There are different forms if you discharge:

    ", + "
  • between 2 and 15 cubic metres per day
    • ", + "
  • over 15 cubic metres per day
    • ", + "

    If you discharge sewage to a surface water

    ", + "

    If you discharge between 5 and 20 cubic metres per day, check if you can apply for a standard rules permit.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get a standard rules permit, you\u2019ll need a permit to discharge:

    ", + "
  • up to 20 cubic metres
    • ", + "
  • over 20 cubic metres
    • ", + "

    Before you start

    ", + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • the 8-figure grid reference for your septic tank or treatment plant and the point where it discharges
    • ", + "
  • to calculate the largest amount you\u2019re likely to discharge - use one of the calculators in the chapter on the general binding rules
    • ", + "
  • to provide a suitable site plan \u2013 see an example site plan
    • ", + "

    Application fees

    ", + "

    Your application fee depends on whether your site is a domestic household, charity or another type of organisation.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re discharging to ground

    ", + "

    The application fee for domestic households and charities to discharge up to 5,000 litres (5 cubic metres) per day is \u00a3125.

    ", + "

    The fees are different for other organisations.

    ", + "Size of discharge per day | Fee", + "Up to 15,000 litres (15 cubic metres) | \u00a32,708", + "Over 15,000 litres (15 cubic metres) | \u00a35,699", + "Any volume that contains specific substances | \u00a36,052", + "

    You\u2019re discharging to a surface water

    ", + "

    The application fee for domestic households and charities to discharge up to 5,000 litres (5 cubic metres) per day is \u00a3125.

    ", + "

    The fees are different for other organisations.

    ", + "Size of discharge per day | Fee", + "Up to 5,000 litres (5 cubic metres) | \u00a32,534", + "Between 5,000 litres (5 cubic metres) and 50,000 litres (50 cubic metres) | \u00a34,170", + "Any volume that contains specific substances | \u00a37,649", + "

    Annual fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s an annual subsistence fee for sites that are not domestic households or charities.

    ", + "Size of discharge per day | Fee", + "Up to 5,000 litres | \u00a3251", + "Between 5,000 litres and 20,000 litres with operator self monitoring | \u00a3823", + "Between 5,000 litres and 20,000 litres | \u00a3890", + "Between 20,000 litres and 50,000 litres with operator self monitoring | \u00a31,310", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your application within 13 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if your application may take longer, for example because of planning issues.

    ", + "

    Your application is refused

    ", + "

    If your application is refused, you\u2019ll be told:

    ", + "
  • the reasons for refusal
    • ", + "
  • how you can appeal
    • ", + "

    Complying with your permit

    ", + "

    See the guidance on how to comply with your permit, including maintenance, record keeping and pollution reporting requirements.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    You can ask the Environment Agency for help with your application.

    ", + "

    You have a cesspool

    ", + "

    You do not have to comply with the general binding rules or apply for a permit.

    ", + "

    You must maintain your cesspool and make sure it:

    ", + "
  • is emptied regularly (for example once a month) by a registered waste carrier
    • ", + "
  • does not leak or overflow
    • ", + "

    The Environment Agency or your local council can make you repair or replace your cesspool if it\u2019s in poor condition.

    ", + "

    If you install a new cesspool

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • get planning permission and building regulations approval
    • ", + "
  • make sure it has a minimum capacity of 18,000 litres per 2 users (plus another 6,800 litres per each extra user)
    • ", + "

    Contact

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Storing oil at your home or business", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oil-storage-regulations-and-safety", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You have to follow certain regulations if you have an oil storage container at your home, business or farm.

    ", + "

    Oil storage containers include tanks, drums, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and mobile containers called \u2018bowsers\u2019.

    ", + "

    The person responsible for the property or premises is usually legally responsible for the oil storage container, for example the homeowner, business owner or site manager.

    ", + "

    Which regulations to follow

    ", + "

    The regulations are different depending on where you store your oil.

    ", + "

    At your home

    ", + "

    You normally have to follow building regulations if you have an oil storage container installed at your home.

    ", + "

    If your storage container can hold 3,501 litres or more, you must follow the regulations for businesses.

    ", + "

    At your business

    ", + "

    You have to follow oil storage regulations if the container at your business can hold 201 litres or more of certain types of oil.

    ", + "

    The regulations for businesses also apply to public sector buildings like schools, hospitals, churches and residential care homes.

    ", + "

    At your farm

    ", + "

    You have to follow different regulations depending on whether you\u2019re storing oil:

    ", + "
  • for heat and power for agriculture, for example to fuel your tractor or run a grain dryer
    • ", + "
  • to heat your farmhouse
    • ", + "
  • for a separate part of your business, for example to fuel vehicles you hire out
    • ", + "

    Checking and labelling your tank

    ", + "

    You should get your oil storage container inspected every year by a professional.

    ", + "

    The person inspecting your tank will let you know when you should replace it.

    ", + "

    Oil Care suggest that you look at your oil tank at least once a month, and learn what to do if you have an oil leak or spill.

    ", + "

    Storing oil at your home

    ", + "

    You must meet building regulations if you have a new or replacement oil storage container installed at your home in England, for example to fuel your cooker or central heating.

    ", + "

    Building regulations are different if your home is in Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If your storage container can hold 3,501 litres or more, you must follow the regulations for businesses.

    ", + "

    Choosing someone to install your tank

    ", + "

    You should choose someone who\u2019s registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme. They can self-certify that their work complies with building regulations and can deal with building control issues, like objections.

    ", + "

    If you do not use someone registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme, you\u2019ll have to get a Building Control Notice from your local council and arrange and pay for an inspection yourself.

    ", + "

    Without approval you will not have the certificates of compliance you may need when you want to sell your home.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    The person installing your tank could be prosecuted and fined if they do not comply with building regulations.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also responsible for making sure their work meets the regulations. Your local authority could make you pay for faulty work to be fixed.

    ", + "

    Catching oil leaks and spills

    ", + "

    The person installing your tank will do a risk assessment, and they\u2019ll let you know if your tank has to have secondary containment (a \u2018bund\u2019). The bund must:

    ", + "
  • hold 110% of the tank\u2019s capacity
    • ", + "
  • be impermeable to oil and water
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a bund if your tank\u2019s in any of the following places:

    ", + "
  • where oil spills could run into an open drain or a loose manhole cover
    • ", + "
  • where the tank vent pipes cannot be seen when the tank\u2019s being filled, for example because the delivery tanker is parked too far away
    • ", + "
  • within 10 metres of coastal waters or inland fresh waters like lakes or streams
    • ", + "
  • within 50 metres of a drinking water source, for example wells, boreholes or springs
    • ", + "
  • where oil spills could run over hard ground and reach coastal waters, inland fresh waters or a drinking water source
    • ", + "
  • in the inner zone of groundwater source protection zone 1
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need a bund if your tank can hold more than 2,500 litres of oil.

    ", + "

    Your oil storage container must have a sticker in a prominent position that tells you how to look after your oil and what to do if you have a spill. The person installing your new tank will put this on - but you can find out how to order a new sticker.

    ", + "

    Storing oil at your business

    ", + "

    You must follow the regulations for businesses if your oil container can hold 201 litres or more of:

    ", + "
  • petrol
    • ", + "
  • diesel
    • ", + "
  • biofuels
    • ", + "
  • kerosene
    • ", + "
  • vegetable oil and plant-based oils, for example sunflower oil or aromatherapy oil - including waste cooking oil
    • ", + "
  • synthetic oils, for example motor oil - including waste oil
    • ", + "
  • oils used as solvents
    • ", + "
  • biodegradable oils, for example lubricating or hydraulic oils
    • ", + "
  • liquid bitumen-based products, for example waterproofing or damp proofing products, or coatings for a road surface
    • ", + "

    The regulations do not apply to:

    ", + "
  • liquid petroleum gas (LPG)
    • ", + "
  • hydrocarbon products that are solid when unheated, like bitumen
    • ", + "
  • solvents that are not oil based, for example trichloroethylene
    • ", + "
  • aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene and toluene
    • ", + "
  • waste mineral oils drained from vehicles, and mixtures of diesel and petrol that cannot be used as vehicle fuel
    • ", + "

    You must follow different regulations in Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales.

    ", + "

    Other exceptions

    ", + "

    You do not have to follow oil storage regulations if your oil is:

    ", + "
  • on a farm and you use it for heat and power for agriculture or for your farmhouse
    • ", + "
  • stored for distribution to other places
    • ", + "
  • in use, for example lubrication in a hydraulic system
    • ", + "

    The regulations do not apply if your storage containers are:

    ", + "
  • underground
    • ", + "
  • in a building that would capture leaking oil - contact your local council to find out if you have to meet any extra fire safety regulations
    • ", + "
  • at a refinery
    • ", + "
  • at a premises for onward distribution of oil - but not a premises which sells oil directly to end users or a premises that uses oil
    • ", + "

    Check if you need an environmental permit if you\u2019re storing certain waste oils.

    ", + "

    Choosing someone to install your oil storage tank

    ", + "

    You should choose someone who\u2019s registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for any pollution caused by problems with your oil storage container. You need to know the regulations about oil storage containers, including where it\u2019s located and how it\u2019s protected.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    You can be fined if you do not follow the oil storage regulations.

    ", + "

    The Environment Agency can also serve an anti-pollution works notice to make you bring your tank up to legal requirements.

    ", + "

    Get advice

    ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency if you have a question about following oil storage regulations in England.

    ", + "

    If your business is outside England, contact one of the following:

    ", + "
  • Natural Resources Wales
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Environment Protection Agency
    • ", + "
  • Department of the Environment (Northern Ireland)
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Check your tenant's right to rent", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-tenant-right-to-rent-documents", + "contents": [ + "

    Who you have to check

    ", + "

    You must check that a tenant or lodger can legally rent your residential property in England.

    ", + "

    Check with the Home Office if the tenant is a Commonwealth citizen but does not have the right documents - they might still have the right to rent in the UK.

    ", + "

    Before the start of a new tenancy, you must check all tenants aged 18 and over, even if:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re not named on the tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s no tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • the tenancy agreement is not in writing
    • ", + "

    Check all new tenants. It\u2019s against the law to only check people you think are not British citizens. You must not discriminate against anyone because of where they\u2019re from.

    ", + "

    Sign up for email updates about the right to rent policy.

    ", + "

    If the tenant is only allowed to stay in the UK for a limited time, you need to do the check in the 28 days before the start of the tenancy.

    ", + "

    You do not need to check tenants in these types of accommodation:

    ", + "
  • social housing
    • ", + "
  • a care home, hospice or hospital
    • ", + "
  • a hostel or refuge
    • ", + "
  • a mobile home
    • ", + "
  • student accommodation
    • ", + "

    You also do not need to check tenants if they live in accommodation that:

    ", + "
  • is provided by a local authority
    • ", + "
  • is provided as part of their job (known as \u2018tied accommodation\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • has a lease that\u2019s 7 years or longer
    • ", + "

    Read the code of practice to find out if you need to do any other checks instead.

    ", + "

    How to do a check

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) there are temporary changes to the way you can check documents. Read guidance about the adjusted process, including asking for documents digitally, making checks on a video call, and what to do if someone cannot provide any accepted documents.

    ", + "
  • Check which adults will use your property as their main home (your \u2018tenants\u2019).
    • ", + "
  • Ask them for original documents that prove they can live in the UK.
    • ", + "
  • Check their documents to see if they have the right to rent your property.
    • ", + "
  • Check that each tenant\u2019s documents are genuine and belong to them, with the tenant present.
    • ", + "
  • Make and keep copies of the documents and record the date you made the check.
    • ", + "

    You can get an unlimited fine or be sent to prison for renting your property to someone who is not allowed to stay in England.

    ", + "

    Checking EU, EEA and Swiss citizens

    ", + "

    Right to rent checks continue in the same way as now until 30 June 2021 for citizens of the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein.

    ", + "

    Continue checking their passport or national identity card as before. For family members of citizens of the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein, follow the usual guidance for documents you can accept for right to rent checks.

    ", + "

    You cannot insist that citizens of the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein show that they have settled status or pre-settled status when starting a new tenancy before 1 July. You can however ask if they have settled or pre-settled status, and whether they want to use this instead of a passport or identity card.

    ", + "

    If the tenancy starts on or after 1 July 2021 but you check their right to rent before this, you can still use their passport or national identity card.

    ", + "

    Check if the property is used as the tenant\u2019s main home

    ", + "

    A property would usually be a tenant\u2019s only or main home if:

    ", + "
  • they live there most of the time
    • ", + "
  • they keep most of their belongings there
    • ", + "
  • their partner or children live with them
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re registered to vote at the property
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re registered with the doctor using that address
    • ", + "

    Check their original documents

    ", + "

    You need to check that:

    ", + "
  • the documents are originals and belong to the tenant
    • ", + "
  • their permission to stay in the UK has not ended
    • ", + "
  • the photos on the documents are of the tenant
    • ", + "
  • the dates of birth are the same in all documents (and are believable)
    • ", + "
  • the documents are not too damaged or do not look like they\u2019ve been changed
    • ", + "
  • if any names are different on documents, there are supporting documents to show why, such as a marriage certificate or divorce decree
    • ", + "

    If the tenant does not have the right documents

    ", + "

    You must use the landlord\u2019s checking service to check whether the tenant\u2019s allowed to rent without the right documents if:

    ", + "
  • the Home Office has their documents
    • ", + "
  • they have an outstanding case or appeal with the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • the Home Office told them they have \u2018permission to rent\u2019
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an answer within 2 working days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the tenant\u2019s Home Office reference number to use the service.

    ", + "

    Do not rent a property to someone in England if they do not have the right documents and the landlord\u2019s checking service tells you they are not allowed to rent.

    ", + "

    Get help with a check

    ", + "

    Call the landlord\u2019s helpline to get help with a check.

    ", + "

    You must follow the landlord\u2019s code of practice on illegal immigrants and private rented accommodation.

    ", + "

    Making copies of the documents

    ", + "

    When you copy the documents:

    ", + "
  • make a copy that cannot be changed, such as a photocopy or a good quality photograph
    • ", + "
  • for passports, copy every page with the expiry date or applicant\u2019s details (such as nationality, date of birth and photograph), including endorsements, for example a work visa or Certificate of Entitlement to the right of abode in the UK
    • ", + "
  • copy both sides of biometric residence permits
    • ", + "
  • make a complete copy of all other documents
    • ", + "
  • record the date you made the copy
    • ", + "

    Keep copies of the tenant\u2019s documents for the time they\u2019re your tenants and for one year after.

    ", + "

    Make sure you follow data protection law.

    ", + "

    If your tenant does not have any documents, you must check if they\u2019re allowed to rent your property.

    ", + "

    Follow-up checks

    ", + "

    You must do a follow-up check to make sure your tenant can still rent property in the UK if there\u2019s a time limit on their permission to stay.

    ", + "

    You can get a fine if you do not do a follow-up check and your tenant\u2019s permission to stay ends.

    ", + "

    Do the follow-up check just before the date that\u2019s the later of:

    ", + "
  • the end of your tenant\u2019s permission to stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • 12 months after your previous check
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) there are temporary changes to the way you can check documents. Read guidance about the adjusted process, including asking for documents digitally, making checks on a video call, and what to do if someone cannot provide any accepted documents.

    ", + "

    You do not have to do a follow-up check if there\u2019s no time limit on your tenant\u2019s permission to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    If your tenant fails a follow-up check

    ", + "

    You must tell the Home Office if you find out that your tenant can no longer legally rent property in England after doing a follow-up check.

    ", + "

    You could be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years if your tenant fails a follow-up check and you do not report it to the Home Office.

    ", + "

    Agents and subletting

    ", + "

    You can ask any agents that manage or let your property to carry out the check for you. You should have this agreement in writing.

    ", + "

    If a tenant sub-lets the property without you knowing, they\u2019re responsible for carrying out checks on any sub-tenants. They will be liable for any civil penalties if they do not do the check correctly.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Deposit protection schemes and landlords", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deposit-protection-schemes-and-landlords", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must place your tenants\u2019 deposit in a tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme if you rent out your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007.

    ", + "

    If you receive a valuable item as a deposit instead of money (for example a car or watch), you do not have to put it in a TDP.

    ", + "

    These government-backed schemes ensure your tenants will get their deposit back if they:

    ", + "
  • meet the terms of your tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • do not damage the property
    • ", + "
  • pay the rent and bills
    • ", + "

    You (or your letting agent) must put your tenants\u2019 deposit in the scheme within 30 days of getting it.

    ", + "

    Available schemes

    ", + "

    You can use any of the following schemes if your property is in England or Wales:

    ", + "
  • Deposit Protection Service
    • ", + "
  • MyDeposits
    • ", + "
  • Tenancy Deposit Scheme
    • ", + "

    There are separate TDP schemes in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    All TDP schemes offer you 2 options:

    ", + "
  • the scheme hold the deposit for free - known as a \u2018custodial\u2019 scheme
    • ", + "
  • you or the agent holds the deposit and you pay the scheme to insure it - known as an \u2018insured\u2019 scheme
    • ", + "

    At the end of the tenancy

    ", + "

    The deposit must be returned to your tenants within 10 days of you both agreeing how much they\u2019ll get back.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a dispute with your tenants

    ", + "

    The deposit is protected in the scheme until the issue is settled.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in an \u2018insured\u2019 scheme, you or the agent must give the deposit to the TDP scheme. They will hold it until the issue is settled.

    ", + "

    Holding deposits

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve received a holding deposit from your future tenants (money to \u2018hold\u2019 a property before an agreement is signed), you do not have to protect it. Once they become tenants the holding deposit becomes a deposit, and you must protect it.

    ", + "

    Deposits made by a third party

    ", + "

    You must use a TDP scheme even if the deposit is paid by someone else, like a rent deposit scheme or a tenant\u2019s parents.

    ", + "

    Information you must give to your tenants

    ", + "

    Within 30 days of getting their deposit, you must tell your tenants:

    ", + "
  • the address of the rented property
    • ", + "
  • how much deposit they\u2019ve paid
    • ", + "
  • how the deposit is protected
    • ", + "
  • the name and contact details of the tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme and its dispute resolution service
    • ", + "
  • your (or your letting agency\u2019s) name and contact details
    • ", + "
  • the name and contact details of any third party who paid the deposit
    • ", + "
  • why you would keep some or all of the deposit - for example, because your tenants damaged the property and you need to fix it
    • ", + "
  • how to apply to get the deposit back at the end of the tenancy
    • ", + "
  • what to do if they cannot get hold of you at the end of the tenancy
    • ", + "
  • what to do if there\u2019s a dispute over the amount of deposit to be returned at the end of the tenancy
    • ", + "

    If you do not protect your tenants' deposit

    ", + "

    Your tenants can apply to a county court if you do not use a tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme when you have to. They can do this at any time during the tenancy.

    ", + "

    If the court finds you have not protected the deposit, it can order you to either:

    ", + "
  • repay it to your tenants
    • ", + "
  • pay it into a custodial TDP scheme\u2019s bank account within 14 days
    • ", + "

    The court may also order you to repay your tenants up to 3 times their original deposit within 14 days of making the order.

    ", + "

    At the end of the tenancy

    ", + "

    The court may also decide that your tenants do not have to leave the property when the tenancy ends if you did not use a TDP scheme when you should have.

    ", + "

    Disputes

    ", + "

    Use your tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme\u2019s free dispute resolution service if you disagree with your tenants about how much deposit should be returned.

    ", + "

    Contact your TDP scheme for more information on the dispute resolution service. The schemes are:

    ", + "
  • Deposit Protection Service
    • ", + "
  • MyDeposits
    • ", + "
  • Tenancy Deposit Scheme
    • ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    You can get more help and advice from:

    ", + "
  • your local Citizens Advice Bureau
    • ", + "
  • a solicitor
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Evicting tenants (England and Wales)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/evicting-tenants", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must follow strict procedures if you want your tenants to leave your property.

    ", + "

    You may be guilty of harassing or illegally evicting your tenants if you do not follow the correct procedures.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s different guidance on:

    ", + "
  • evicting tenants in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • evicting tenants in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Procedures for different types of tenancy

    ", + "

    The exact procedure will depend on the tenancy agreement and its terms.

    ", + "

    Assured shorthold tenancies

    ", + "

    The 2 types of assured shorthold tenancies are:

    ", + "
  • \u2018periodic\u2019 tenancies - these run week by week or month by month with no fixed end date
    • ", + "
  • fixed-term tenancies - these run for a set amount of time
    • ", + "

    You must follow a set process if your tenants have an assured shorthold tenancy.

    ", + "
  • Give your tenants a Section 21 notice if you want the property back after a fixed term ends. Give them a Section 8 notice if they\u2019ve broken the terms of the tenancy. Find out how to give Section 21 and Section 8 notices.
    • ", + "
  • Apply to the court for a standard possession order if your tenants do not leave by the date specified on the notice and they owe you rent. You can apply for an accelerated possession order if you\u2019re not claiming any unpaid rent.
    • ", + "
  • Apply for a warrant for possession if your tenants still will not leave - this means bailiffs can remove the tenants from your property.
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), bailiffs will not currently evict your tenants if your property is in Wales, unless there\u2019s a serious reason.

    ", + "

    Excluded tenancies or licences

    ", + "

    You do not have to go to court to evict your tenants if they have an excluded tenancy or licence, for example if they live with you.

    ", + "

    You only need to give them \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. Reasonable notice usually means the length of the rental payment period, so if your tenants pay rent weekly you can give them one week\u2019s notice. The notice does not have to be in writing.

    ", + "

    You can then change the locks on their rooms, even if they still have belongings in there.

    ", + "

    Assured and regulated tenancies

    ", + "

    If your tenants started their tenancy before 27 February 1997, they might have an assured or regulated tenancy. You\u2019ll then have to follow different rules to evict them and they\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction.

    ", + "

    You can get information from Shelter about:

    ", + "
  • assured tenancies in England
    • ", + "
  • regulated tenancies in England
    • ", + "

    You can get information from Shelter Cymru about:

    ", + "
  • assured tenancies in Wales
    • ", + "
  • regulated tenancies in Wales
    • ", + "

    Your tenant owes rent and gets housing benefits

    ", + "

    If your tenant owes you rent and claims Universal Credit or Housing Benefit you may be able get the rent paid straight to you instead of evicting them. This is known as \u2018managed payments\u2019.

    ", + "

    Request managed payments if your tenant is claiming:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit - apply to the Department for Work and Pensions
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit - contact the local council that pays your tenants\u2019 benefits
    • ", + "

    Section 21 and Section 8 notices

    ", + "

    You can evict tenants who have an assured shorthold tenancy using a Section 21 or Section 8 notice, or both.

    ", + "

    Use a Section 8 notice if your tenants have broken the terms of the tenancy.

    ", + "

    Section 21 notice of seeking possession

    ", + "

    You can use a Section 21 notice to evict your tenants either:

    ", + "
  • after a fixed term tenancy ends - if there\u2019s a written contract
    • ", + "
  • during a tenancy with no fixed end date - known as a \u2018periodic\u2019 tenancy
    • ", + "

    You can get legal advice if you do not know which notice to give.

    ", + "

    When you cannot use a Section 21 notice in England

    ", + "

    You cannot use a Section 21 notice if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 4 months since the tenancy started, or the fixed term has not ended, unless there\u2019s a clause in the contract which allows you to do this
    • ", + "
  • the property is categorised as a house in multiple occupation (HMO) and does not have a HMO licence from the council
    • ", + "
  • the tenancy started after April 2007 and you have not put the tenants\u2019 deposit in a deposit protection scheme
    • ", + "
  • the tenancy started after October 2015 and you have not used form 6a or a letter with all the same information on it
    • ", + "
  • the council has served an improvement notice on the property in the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • the council has served a notice in the last 6 months that says it will do emergency works on the property
    • ", + "
  • you have not repaid any unlawful fees or deposits that you charged the tenant - read the guidance for landlords on the Tenant Fees Act 2019
    • ", + "

    You also cannot use a Section 21 notice if you have not given the tenants copies of:

    ", + "
  • the property\u2019s Energy Performance Certificate
    • ", + "
  • the government\u2019s \u2018How to rent\u2019 guide
    • ", + "
  • a current gas safety certificate for the property, if gas is installed
    • ", + "

    You must have given your tenants the gas safety certificate and the \u2018How to rent\u2019 guide before they moved in.

    ", + "

    You must have given your tenants a copy of the property\u2019s Energy Performance Certificate before they rented the property.

    ", + "

    When you cannot use a Section 21 notice in Wales

    ", + "

    You cannot use a Section 21 notice if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 4 months since the tenancy started, or the fixed term has not ended, unless there\u2019s a clause in the contract which allows you to do this
    • ", + "
  • the property is categorised as a house in multiple occupation (HMO) and does not have a HMO licence from the council
    • ", + "
  • the tenancy started after April 2007 and you have not put the tenants\u2019 deposit in a deposit protection scheme
    • ", + "
  • the tenancy started after November 2016 and you do not have a landlord licence
    • ", + "

    Giving tenants a Section 21 notice

    ", + "

    In England, use form 6a if the tenancy was started or renewed after 30 September 2015. You can also write your own Section 21 notice.

    ", + "

    In Wales, you must explain in writing that you are serving an eviction notice under Section 21 of the Housing Act 1998.

    ", + "

    How much notice you need to give

    ", + "

    Usually, a Section 21 notice must give your tenants at least 2 months\u2019 notice to leave your property. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) you must now give them a longer notice period.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, the notice period must have been at least 3 months.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, the notice period must have been at least 6 months.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice on or after 1 June 2021, the notice period must be at least 4 months.

    ", + "

    In Wales, the notice period must be at least 6 months if you gave your tenant notice on or after 24 July 2020.

    ", + "

    In England, you may need to give a longer notice period if you have a \u2018contractual\u2019 periodic tenancy. This is a fixed term tenancy that has ended, but included a clause to continue as a periodic tenancy. The amount of notice must be the same as the rental period, if this is more than 2 months. For example, if your tenant pays rent every 3 months, you must give 3 months\u2019 notice.

    ", + "

    In Wales, if it\u2019s a periodic tenancy, you must let your tenants stay for the notice period and any additional time covered by their final rent payment.

    ", + "

    After you give notice

    ", + "

    Keep proof that you gave notice to your tenants - either:

    ", + "
  • fill in the certification of service form (N215)
    • ", + "
  • write \u201cserved by [your name] on [the date]\u201d on the notice
    • ", + "

    If your tenants do not leave by the specified date, you can use your completed N215 or notice to apply for an accelerated possession order.

    ", + "

    Section 8 notice of seeking possession

    ", + "

    To give your tenants notice using a Section 8, you must fill in a \u2018Notice seeking possession of a property let on an assured tenancy or an assured agricultural occupancy\u2019. Specify on the notice which terms of the tenancy they\u2019ve broken.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the court for a possession order if your tenants do not leave by the specified date.

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice on how to fill in a Section 8 with the correct notice periods and how to give it to your tenants.

    ", + "

    How much notice you need to give

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice before 26 March 2020, you would have needed to give them up to 2 months to leave, depending on the reason for eviction.

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, in most cases you must now give them a longer notice period.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, the notice period must have been at least 3 months.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, the notice period must have been at least 6 months.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice on or after 1 June 2021, the notice period must be at least 4 months.

    ", + "

    The notice period can be shorter in some cases, for example if you are evicting tenants for antisocial behaviour. Find more information in the \u2018Technical guidance on eviction notices\u2019.

    ", + "

    In Wales, if you gave notice on or after 24 July 2020, the notice period must be at least 6 months. If you want to evict your tenants because of antisocial behaviour, the notice period is still 3 months or more.

    ", + "

    Standard possession orders

    ", + "

    You can use the possession claim online service if you want to get your property back because your tenants owe you rent.

    ", + "

    This is usually the next step if you cannot agree a rent repayment plan with your tenant.

    ", + "

    The service lets you fill in court forms online and see how the claim is progressing. It costs \u00a3355.

    ", + "

    If you made a possession claim before 3 August 2020

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to complete an N244 form to tell the court you want to continue with your claim.

    ", + "

    You do not need to submit an N244 form if:

    ", + "
  • you submitted a reactivation notice to the court before 4pm on 30 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • a judge has issued a possession order that says your tenants must leave the property
    • ", + "

    How to submit an N244 form

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to either:

    ", + "
  • post 3 copies of the form with your payment to the court
    • ", + "
  • email the form to the court and give your phone number - the court will call you so that you can pay over the phone
    • ", + "

    It will cost \u00a3255 if you want the court to give your tenants notice of your application or \u00a3100 if not - for example, if the case is urgent.

    ", + "

    If the judge for your case decides that you need to give notice and you have not, you\u2019ll need to pay the extra \u00a3155.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for help with court fees.

    ", + "

    When you cannot use the online service

    ", + "

    You will not be able to use the online service for some kinds of standard possession claim, for example where there\u2019s been trespass on your property, or your tenants have broken the terms of the lease.

    ", + "

    Fill in the paper standard possession claim form and post it to your local court that deals with housing possession.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3355 to apply. Send a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 to the court with your completed form.

    ", + "

    Accelerated possession orders

    ", + "

    You can apply for an accelerated possession order if your tenants have not left by the date specified in your Section 21 notice and you\u2019re not claiming rent arrears.

    ", + "

    This is sometimes quicker than applying for a standard possession order and there\u2019s usually no court hearing. It costs \u00a3355.

    ", + "

    Fixed-term tenants cannot be evicted until their tenancy ends.

    ", + "

    If you want to claim rent arrears you can use either the:

    ", + "
  • standard possession procedure
    • ", + "
  • accelerated procedure to get your property back, then make a separate court claim for the rent arrears
    • ", + "

    If you made a possession claim before 3 August 2020

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to complete an N244 form to tell the court you want to continue with your claim.

    ", + "

    You do not need to submit an N244 form if:

    ", + "
  • you submitted a reactivation notice to the court before 4pm on 30 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • a judge has issued a possession order that says your tenants must leave the property
    • ", + "

    How to submit an N244 form

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to either:

    ", + "
  • post 3 copies of the form with your payment to the court
    • ", + "
  • email the form to the court and give your phone number - the court will call you so that you can pay over the phone
    • ", + "

    It will cost \u00a3255 if you want the court to give your tenants notice of your application or \u00a3100 if not - for example, if the case is urgent.

    ", + "

    If the judge for your case decides that you need to give notice and you have not, you\u2019ll need to pay the extra \u00a3155.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for help with court fees.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • the form for properties in England (available in English and Welsh)
    • ", + "
  • the form for properties in Wales (available in English and Welsh)
    • ", + "

    Send the completed form to the nearest court that deals with housing possession.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Once your application is approved, the court will send your tenants a copy of the application.

    ", + "

    Your tenants have 14 days to challenge the application, from the date they receive it.

    ", + "

    A judge will decide either to:

    ", + "
  • issue a possession order that states your tenants must leave the property (this is normally the case)
    • ", + "
  • have a court hearing (this usually only happens if the paperwork is not in order or your tenants raise an important issue)
    • ", + "

    Even if there\u2019s a hearing, the court can still decide to issue a possession order.

    ", + "

    If your tenants are in an exceptionally difficult situation the judge may give them up to 6 weeks.

    ", + "

    Possession hearings and orders

    ", + "

    The judge could decide to make an order, or that a hearing is needed.

    ", + "

    Hearings

    ", + "

    At the hearing they might:

    ", + "
  • dismiss the court case - no order will be made and the hearing will end
    • ", + "
  • adjourn the hearing - it will be moved to a later date (this happens if a judge believes a decision cannot be made on the day)
    • ", + "
  • make an \u2018order\u2019 - a judge\u2019s legal decision on what should happen
    • ", + "

    The judge will dismiss the case if there\u2019s no reason your tenants should be evicted. This might also happen if:

    ", + "
  • you have not followed the correct procedure
    • ", + "
  • you or your representative do not attend the hearing
    • ", + "
  • your tenants have paid any rent that was owed
    • ", + "

    Your tenants can stay in your property if the judge dismisses the case. You must restart the court process from the beginning if you still want to evict them.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and possession hearings

    ", + "

    Tell the court as soon as possible if you cannot attend a hearing because you have COVID-19 symptoms or you have been told to self-isolate.

    ", + "

    The judge will decide whether to delay your case or arrange for the hearing to take place remotely.

    ", + "

    Orders

    ", + "

    The judge can make different kinds of orders.

    ", + "

    Order for possession (or \u2018outright possession order\u2019)

    ", + "

    This means your tenants must leave your property before the date given in the order.

    ", + "

    The date will be either 14 or 28 days after the court hearing.

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to evict them with a \u2018warrant for possession\u2019 if your tenants do not leave your property by the date given. If the court gives a warrant, your tenants will be sent an eviction notice with a date by when they must leave your property.

    ", + "

    Suspended order for possession

    ", + "

    This means your tenants can stay in your property as long as they make the payments, or obey the conditions, set out in the order. You can ask the court to evict them if they do not make the payments.

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, bailiffs will not currently evict your tenants if your property is in Wales, unless there\u2019s a serious reason(/evicting-tenants/eviction-notices-and-bailiffs).

    ", + "

    Money order

    ", + "

    This means your tenants must pay you a specified amount. The courts could take action if they do not make the payments, including:

    ", + "
  • deducting money from the tenants\u2019 wages or bank accounts
    • ", + "
  • sending bailiffs to take away things they own
    • ", + "

    You can go to court again and ask for a possession order if your tenants get into rent arrears after a money order is made.

    ", + "

    Possession orders with a money judgment

    ", + "

    A judge can add a money judgment to any of the possession orders. This means your tenants owe a specific amount of money, usually made up of:

    ", + "
  • their rent arrears
    • ", + "
  • court fees
    • ", + "
  • your legal costs
    • ", + "

    The money judgment will apply if they do not pay the amount set out in the suspended possession order that\u2019s linked to the judgment. If they do not pay, you can ask the court to carry out the instructions in the order and the judgment.

    ", + "

    The money judgment will not apply if your tenants pay their arrears and the amount set out in a suspended possession order.

    ", + "

    Appealing against the decision

    ", + "

    You can only appeal if you can show the judge made mistakes in the original possession hearing. You\u2019ll need to ask the judge for permission to appeal at the end of that hearing.

    ", + "

    If you get permission to appeal, you\u2019ll have to apply for an appeal hearing as soon as possible afterwards. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee, unless you qualify for financial help.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get legal advice.

    ", + "

    Eviction notices and bailiffs

    ", + "

    You can ask the court for a \u2018warrant for possession\u2019 if your tenants:

    ", + "
  • do not leave the property by the date given in an order for possession
    • ", + "
  • break the terms of a suspended order for possession
    • ", + "

    When the court issues a warrant, it will send your tenants an eviction notice with the date they must leave your property by. A bailiff can evict your tenants if they do not leave by this date.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a warrant of possession up to 6 years after a possession order is made.

    ", + "

    Changes to evictions in Wales because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Currently, bailiffs will not evict your tenants if your property is in Wales, unless there\u2019s a serious reason.\nThey will only enter the property if:

    ", + "
  • someone is living there illegally
    • ", + "
  • your tenant has been involved in antisocial behaviour
    • ", + "

    If you have a serious reason to evict your tenants, read the guidance about what you need to do.

    ", + "

    How to apply for a warrant

    ", + "

    You can apply for a warrant for possession using either:

    ", + "
  • form N325
    • ", + "
  • the Possession Claim Online service - as long as you used it to issue the original order for possession
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a3121.

    ", + "

    When a warrant is issued

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a warrant number by the court.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be sent an EX96 \u2018notice of appointment\u2019 form to tell you the date of the eviction.

    ", + "

    You must fill in the form and return it to the court to confirm the eviction. Otherwise, the eviction will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you transfer the warrant to the High Court

    ", + "

    You can get a \u2018writ of possession\u2019 if you transfer the warrant from the county court to the High Court. This means a High Court enforcement officer can evict your tenants. You might get a faster eviction this way.

    ", + "

    Before you transfer, you\u2019ll need to apply for permission from the county court if you do not already have it. It costs \u00a366.

    ", + "

    Delaying eviction

    ", + "

    Your tenants can ask a judge to \u2018suspend\u2019 the warrant for possession at a new hearing. The judge could delay the eviction or let your tenants stay in your property if they can make payments again.

    ", + "

    Changing payments

    ", + "

    If your tenants\u2019 circumstances change, they can ask a judge at a new hearing to change what they pay.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get legal advice.

    ", + "

    Harassment and illegal evictions

    ", + "

    It\u2019s a crime to harass or try to force your tenants out of a property without following correct procedures. Your tenants might have the right to claim damages through the court if you do not follow the rules.

    ", + "

    What is harassment?

    ", + "

    Harassment can be anything you do or do not do that makes your tenants feel unsafe in your property or forces them to leave.

    ", + "

    Harassment can include:

    ", + "
  • stopping services, like electricity
    • ", + "
  • withholding keys, for example if there are 2 tenants in a property but you\u2019ll only give one key
    • ", + "
  • refusing to carry out repairs
    • ", + "
  • antisocial behaviour by someone on your behalf, for example your friend moves in next door to your tenants and causes problems
    • ", + "
  • threats and physical violence
    • ", + "

    Illegal eviction

    ", + "

    You may be guilty of illegal eviction if you:

    ", + "
  • do not give your tenants the right amount of notice to leave your property
    • ", + "
  • change the locks
    • ", + "
  • evict your tenants without a court order
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Park (mobile) homes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/park-mobile-homes", + "contents": [ + "

    Your rights and obligations

    ", + "

    Your rights and obligations are listed in a written agreement with the park (or site) owner. This sets out:

    ", + "
  • your minimum legal rights and obligations, like your right to keep your park home on its pitch
    • ", + "
  • the rules, charges and services
    • ", + "

    You have 28 days to review it before signing.

    ", + "

    You still have rights and obligations as a park home resident even if you do not have a written agreement.

    ", + "

    Park home owners have different rights and responsibilities in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Keeping your home in good condition

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • repair your home when necessary
    • ", + "
  • keep the outside of your home and pitch clean and tidy, including any fences or outbuildings that you own or use on your pitch
    • ", + "

    Site licence

    ", + "

    Privately owned sites must have a licence from the local council. The park owner must clearly display the licence. It will usually have conditions for:

    ", + "
  • how many homes can be in the park
    • ", + "
  • services and amenities
    • ", + "
  • health and safety
    • ", + "

    Complain to the park owner about conditions in your park. Contact your local council if you cannot sort out the issue with the park owner.

    ", + "

    You could be forced to leave if you live on a site without planning permission for residential use.

    ", + "

    Renting a park home

    ", + "

    You have a rent contract if you pay rent to a landlord. It does not have to be in writing.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a written contract

    ", + "

    You should be able to stay for a year from the date you moved in even if you do not have anything in writing.

    ", + "

    If you have a written contract

    ", + "

    A written contract should say how long you can live in your home.

    ", + "

    During this time your landlord can still ask you to leave if:

    ", + "
  • your contract says they can ask you to leave with 4 weeks\u2019 notice
    • ", + "
  • you break the rules (\u2018terms\u2019) of your contract and it says the owner can ask you to leave as a result
    • ", + "

    When your contract ends

    ", + "

    Your landlord can ask you to leave as long as they give you 4 weeks\u2019 notice. If you do not leave the owner can ask the court for an \u2018eviction order\u2019 which forces you to leave.

    ", + "

    If your landlord tries to evict you

    ", + "

    If your landlord tries to evict you (force you to leave), you\u2019ll have more rights to stay if you live on a \u2018protected site\u2019.

    ", + "

    A protected site is a mobile home park which has planning permission to have residents living there throughout the year. A holiday park is not a protected site.

    ", + "

    Your right to stay also depends on:

    ", + "
  • what your rental contract says
    • ", + "
  • whether your home is counted as a \u2018dwelling house\u2019, which means you have rights from tenancy laws
    • ", + "

    To be a dwelling house your park home must be:

    ", + "
  • your permanent residence \u2013 where you live most or all of the time
    • ", + "
  • connected to mains electricity or water
    • ", + "
  • unmovable or so large that it cannot be moved in one piece, for example you cannot drive it or tow it away yourself
    • ", + "

    Types of tenancy

    ", + "

    The type of tenancy you have depends on the date you moved in and started paying rent. You will have:

    ", + "
  • a regulated tenancy if you moved in and started paying rent before 15 January 1989
    • ", + "
  • an assured or assured shorthold tenancy if you moved in and started paying rent on or after 15 January 1989
    • ", + "

    Getting advice

    ", + "

    Tenancy rights can be complicated and depend on your situation. You should get legal advice if you think your landlord is treating you unfairly.

    ", + "

    You can also contact Citizens Advice, the Leasehold Advisory Service or charities such as Shelter or Age UK if you have questions.

    ", + "

    Find out about call charges

    ", + "

    Charges

    ", + "

    Pitch fee

    ", + "

    You have to pay a \u2018pitch fee\u2019 to the park owner to rent the land your park home sits on.

    ", + "

    The park owner can propose to change it once a year. They must give you 28 days\u2019 notice in writing.

    ", + "

    You or the park owner can apply to a tribunal to decide the pitch fee if you cannot agree on it.

    ", + "

    Gas, water, electricity and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

    ", + "

    The Office of the Gas and Electricity Markets (Ofgem) sets the amount the park owner can charge you for gas and electricity.

    ", + "

    The park owner cannot charge you more for gas and electricity than they paid for it, including any connection charges.

    ", + "

    For water, the park owner can only charge what the water company charges and a reasonable administration fee.

    ", + "

    Charges for LPG are not regulated.

    ", + "

    Selling or giving away a park home

    ", + "

    Selling

    ", + "

    The park owner gets up to 10% of the selling price (known as a \u2018commission\u2019) when you sell your home.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • give the buyer certain information - for example about the commission and pitch fees
    • ", + "
  • tell the park owner about the sale
    • ", + "
  • assign (transfer) the pitch agreement to the new owner
    • ", + "
  • tell the buyer to fill in a \u2018Notice of Assignment form\u2019 so they can pay the commission to the park owner
    • ", + "

    You must fill in the correct form for park home buyers and sellers to sell your home.

    ", + "

    Park homes do not need an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC).

    ", + "

    The park owner may be able to object to you selling your home. They must apply to a tribunal.

    ", + "

    Giving away

    ", + "

    You have the right to \u2018gift\u2019 (give away) your park home and pass on your agreement to a family member. Use the \u2018Notice of proposed gift form\u2019 to send the park owner proof of how you\u2019re related to the family member.

    ", + "

    Inheritance rules

    ", + "

    Anyone will be able to carry on the agreement when you die if they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a family member living with you at the time you die
    • ", + "
  • your husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "

    Someone who is not living with you or is not your husband, wife or civil partner will have to get approval from the park owner to live there.

    ", + "

    Read detailed information on buying, selling or gifting your park (mobile) home.

    ", + "

    Park repairs and improvements

    ", + "

    Park owners are responsible for:

    ", + "
  • keeping common areas (like shared paths) in good condition
    • ", + "
  • repairing the area where your home sits (the \u2018base\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • maintaining any services they supply to your home or pitch (like sewerage)
    • ", + "

    Park improvements

    ", + "

    If the park owner plans to make improvements, they must:

    ", + "
  • give you at least 28 days\u2019 notice in writing and let you know how you can comment on the plans
    • ", + "
  • tell you if it will affect your pitch fee
    • ", + "

    They can go ahead with improvements even if most residents disagree.\nThe park owner can sometimes recover improvement costs through a pitch fee increase. If you disagree, you can apply to a tribunal. Contact the Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.

    ", + "

    Residents\u2019 associations

    ", + "

    You can set up a \u2018qualifying\u2019 residents\u2019 association to represent home owners in the mobile home park where you live.

    ", + "

    Qualifying residents\u2019 associations have certain rights and park owners should consult the residents\u2019 association when they want to spend money on improvements or change how they run the park.

    ", + "

    Park owners must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice of any changes and take the association\u2019s concerns into account before they make changes.

    ", + "

    Setting up a qualifying residents\u2019 association

    ", + "

    Your association must include at least half of the home owners in your park. Residents who rent their homes cannot join.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to keep certain records and documents, like:

    ", + "
  • an up-to-date list of members
    • ", + "
  • a constitution
    • ", + "
  • any other rules of the association
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to elect a:

    ", + "
  • chairman
    • ", + "
  • secretary
    • ", + "
  • treasurer
    • ", + "

    The chairman, secretary and treasurer can make administrative decisions. Members should vote on all other decisions.

    ", + "

    You need to ask the park owner to \u2018acknowledge\u2019 your association. You can apply to a tribunal if they refuse. They can order the park owner to acknowledge your association.

    ", + "

    Your association can continue to meet if it does not meet the qualifying conditions but the park owner will not have to talk to the association about park operations and management.

    ", + "

    Settling disputes

    ", + "

    If you have a dispute with the park owner that you cannot work out, you can apply to a tribunal. Decisions made by the tribunal are legally binding.

    ", + "

    If your agreement says you must use an arbitrator, ignore it. You must use a tribunal instead.

    ", + "

    The tribunal can settle certain disputes, for example:

    ", + "
  • changing a residence agreement
    • ", + "
  • changing the pitch fee
    • ", + "
  • moving a park home
    • ", + "
  • damage and repairs to the site
    • ", + "
  • transferring ownership of a park home to someone else
    • ", + "

    Find out more about the types of disputes the tribunal can solve.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Leasehold Advisory Service for advice if you\u2019re not sure whether you have a case.

    ", + "

    Call the tribunal if you have any questions about completing the form. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Rent a room in your home", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rent-room-in-your-home", + "contents": [ + "

    Becoming a resident landlord

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a resident landlord if you let out part of a property which is your only or main home.

    ", + "

    If you only occasionally rent out part of your home (for example through short-term rental apps), check if you need to tell HMRC about this income.

    ", + "

    If so, you\u2019ll have certain rights and responsibilities:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re responsible for keeping the property safe and in good repair
    • ", + "
  • a tenant or lodger doesn\u2019t have the right to challenge the agreed rent
    • ", + "
  • you may be able to earn \u00a37,500 per year tax-free under the Rent a Room Scheme
    • ", + "
  • you can give less notice to end a letting than if you rented out the property as a whole
    • ", + "

    Ask potential tenants or lodgers for references and follow them up before signing any agreement. Read the guide about letting rooms in your home for more information.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and your responsibilities

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities as a resident landlord have not changed because of coronavirus. You can read more coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    The Rent a Room Scheme

    ", + "

    The Rent a Room Scheme lets you earn up to a threshold of \u00a37,500 per year tax-free from letting out furnished accommodation in your home. This is halved if you share the income with your partner or someone else.

    ", + "

    You can let out as much of your home as you want.

    ", + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    The tax exemption is automatic if you earn less than \u00a37,500. This means you do not need to do anything.

    ", + "

    If you earn more than this you must complete a tax return.

    ", + "

    You can then opt into the scheme and claim your tax-free allowance. You do this on your tax return.

    ", + "

    You can choose not to opt into the scheme and instead record your income and expenses on the property pages of your tax return.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    Read the Rent a Room helpsheet for more detailed information on how to complete the form, and when it makes sense to opt out of the scheme.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can opt in to the scheme at any time if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a resident landlord, whether or not you own your home
    • ", + "
  • you run a bed and breakfast or a guest house
    • ", + "

    You cannot use the scheme for homes converted into separate flats.

    ", + "

    Your lodger's tenancy type

    ", + "

    The way you share your home with a lodger affects what kind of tenancy they have. This in turn affects their rights and how you can end the tenancy.

    ", + "

    Your lodger is an excluded occupier

    ", + "

    Your lodger is likely to be an excluded occupier if:

    ", + "
  • they live in your home
    • ", + "
  • you or a member of your family share a kitchen, bathroom or living room with them
    • ", + "

    In this case, you only have to give them \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to end the letting - and you will not have to go to court to evict them.

    ", + "

    Reasonable notice usually means the length of the rental payment period. For example, if rent is paid monthly, you should give one month\u2019s notice.

    ", + "

    Your lodger has basic protection

    ", + "

    Your lodger is likely to be an occupier with basic protection if:

    ", + "
  • they live in your home
    • ", + "
  • they do not share any living space with you or your family
    • ", + "

    If your lodger will not leave when you ask them, you\u2019ll need to get a court order to evict them.

    ", + "

    The charity Shelter has advice on excluded occupiers and occupiers with basic protection.

    ", + "

    The length of the let

    ", + "

    A tenancy or a licence can be either:

    ", + "
  • periodic - run indefinitely from 1 rent period to the next
    • ", + "
  • fixed term - last a set number of weeks, months or years
    • ", + "

    If you do not agree the length of a let, it will automatically become a periodic let.

    ", + "

    Licences can be open-ended for informal arrangements, like allowing a friend to stay on an as-and-when basis.

    ", + "

    Rent, bills and tax

    ", + "

    Rent

    ", + "

    You can charge what you want for rent but should agree the amount with your tenant beforehand. You can also ask for a deposit and you can accept Housing Benefit for rent.

    ", + "

    You must provide a rent book for tenants who pay weekly.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and rent

    ", + "

    Tenant responsibilities to pay rent have not changed because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Your tenant should continue to pay rent if they can. You can read coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    You and your tenant can get advice from Shelter, Citizens Advice and The Money Advice Service.

    ", + "

    Council Tax

    ", + "

    You will be responsible for Council Tax and can include part of the cost in the rent you charge. You must tell your council if having a tenant means you\u2019re no longer entitled to a single person discount.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unsure who should pay Council Tax, check with your local council.

    ", + "

    Utility bills

    ", + "

    If you pay the utility bills for the entire house, you can include a charge in the rent or install pre-paid meters.

    ", + "

    You can only charge the amount you\u2019ve paid for gas and electricity plus VAT or you could face civil proceedings. Read Ofgem\u2019s rules on the resale of gas and electricity for more information.

    ", + "

    Income Tax

    ", + "

    Income Tax is payable on rental income you receive.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not in the Rent a Room scheme, you\u2019ll be charged Income Tax on any rental income you get after business letting expenses. Examples of business expenses include:

    ", + "
  • insurance
    • ", + "
  • maintenance
    • ", + "
  • repairs (but not improvements)
    • ", + "
  • utility bills
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the Rent a Room Scheme, you\u2019ll pay Income Tax differently.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your home if:

    ", + "
  • you let out all or part of it
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve taken in more than 1 tenant or lodger at a time
    • ", + "

    However, you may be entitled to Private Residence Relief and Letting Relief.

    ", + "

    Deposits

    ", + "

    Resident landlords are not legally required to protect tenants\u2019 deposit with one of the government-approved schemes.

    ", + "

    Your local council may guarantee rent for a potential tenant who can\u2019t afford a deposit.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay other taxes if you run a bed and breakfast, or provide meals or cleaning services for guests. Contact HM Revenue and Customs for more information.

    ", + "

    Ending a letting

    ", + "

    How to end an excluded tenancy or licence

    ", + "

    If your lodger is an excluded occupier, you only need to give them \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit.

    ", + "

    Usually this means the length of the rental payment period \u2013 so if your lodger pays rent weekly, you need to give 1 week\u2019s notice. The notice does not have to be in writing.

    ", + "

    You can then change the locks on your lodger\u2019s rooms, even if they\u2019ve left their belongings there. You must give their belongings back to them.

    ", + "

    How to end a non-excluded tenancy or licence

    ", + "

    If your lodger is an occupier with basic protection, you must serve them a written \u2018notice to quit\u2019. The notice period will depend on the tenancy or agreement, but is often at least 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    If your lodger does not leave, you\u2019ll need to get a court order to evict them.

    ", + "

    Your lodger ends the tenancy

    ", + "

    Your lodger can end the tenancy by giving you notice. They cannot do this during the fixed term of the tenancy, unless there\u2019s a break clause.

    ", + "

    The amount of notice they need to give depends on the tenancy agreement, if there is one. Otherwise, it\u2019s usually at least 4 weeks (if they pay weekly) or 1 month (if they pay monthly).

    ", + "

    You and your tenant can end a tenancy at any time if you both agree.

    ", + "

    Change of ownership

    ", + "

    If you stop living in your home, the tenants can still stay there, but their tenancy type may change to reflect that you no longer live there.

    ", + "

    If you sell your home and the new owner plans to live in the property as a resident landlord, they must:

    ", + "
  • give notice to a tenant within 28 days that they intend to live there
    • ", + "
  • move in within 6 months of the sale
    • ", + "

    Until the new owner moves in, tenants will have more protection through tenancy laws, because during this time there\u2019s no resident landlord. Their rights will depend on when they moved in. Find out about tenants\u2019 rights in \u2018Private renting: tenancy agreements\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you die, a tenancy will usually continue as though you were still resident, until someone else takes ownership.

    ", + "

    Houses in Multiple Occupation

    ", + "

    Your property may be classed as an House in Multiple Occupation (HMO) if you let rooms to more than 2 people.

    ", + "

    There are extra safety requirements and standards for HMOs and you\u2019ll often need a licence.

    ", + "

    If someone in an HMO becomes ill with coronavirus (COVID-19), you do not have to find alternative accommodation for the other tenants. You also cannot make someone leave their home because they have coronavirus. Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Renting out your property", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renting-out-a-property", + "contents": [ + "

    Landlord responsibilities

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a landlord if you rent out your property. As a landlord you must:

    ", + "
  • keep your rented properties safe and free from health hazards
    • ", + "
  • make sure all gas and electrical equipment is safely installed and maintained
    • ", + "
  • provide an Energy Performance Certificate for the property
    • ", + "
  • protect your tenant\u2019s deposit in a government-approved scheme
    • ", + "
  • check your tenant has the right to rent your property if it\u2019s in England
    • ", + "
  • give your tenant a copy of the How to rent checklist when they start renting from you (you can email it to them)
    • ", + "

    There are different rules if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and your responsibilities

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities as a landlord have not changed because of coronavirus. However, you should follow the government\u2019s coronavirus advice.

    ", + "

    Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    Fire safety

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to:

    ", + "
  • fit and test smoke alarms and carbon monoxide alarms
    • ", + "
  • follow fire safety regulations for property in a purpose-built block of flats or for houses and property adapted into flats
    • ", + "

    Health and safety inspections

    ", + "

    The Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) is used by your council to make sure that properties in its area are safe for the people who live there.\nThis involves inspecting your property for possible hazards, such as uneven stairs.

    ", + "

    If you own a property and rent it out, the council may decide to do an HHSRS inspection because:

    ", + "
  • your tenants have asked for an inspection
    • ", + "
  • the council has done a survey of local properties and thinks your property might be hazardous
    • ", + "

    HHSRS hazard ratings

    ", + "

    Inspectors look at 29 health and safety areas and score each hazard they find as category 1 or 2, according to its seriousness.

    ", + "

    You must take action on enforcement notices from your council. You also have the right to appeal enforcement notices.

    ", + "

    The council can do any of the following if they find a serious hazard:

    ", + "
  • issue an improvement notice
    • ", + "
  • fix the hazard themselves and bill you for the cost
    • ", + "
  • stop you or anyone else from using part or all of the property
    • ", + "

    Financial responsibilities

    ", + "

    You have to pay:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax on your rental income, minus your day-to-day running expenses
    • ", + "
  • Class 2 National Insurance if the work you do renting out property counts as running a business
    • ", + "

    If you only occasionally rent out your property or part of your home (for example through short-term rental apps), check if you need to tell HMRC about this income.

    ", + "

    If you have a mortgage on the property you want to rent out, you must get permission from your mortgage lender.

    ", + "

    Regulated tenancies

    ", + "

    There are special rules for changing rents and terms for regulated tenancies (usually private tenancies starting before 15 January 1989).

    ", + "

    Making repairs

    ", + "

    You must keep your property in good condition, and any gas or electrical systems must meet specified safety standards.

    ", + "

    When doing repairs in your property, make sure you keep you and your tenants safe from coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    There is more information about doing repairs and maintenance in section 3 of the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    There are different rules around making repairs if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    When you can enter the property

    ", + "

    You have a legal right to enter your property to inspect it or carry out repairs. You must give your tenants at least 24 hours\u2019 notice, although immediate access may be possible in emergencies. Your tenants have the right to stay in the property during the repairs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re normally responsible for repairs to:

    ", + "
  • the structure of your property
    • ", + "
  • basins, sinks, baths and other sanitary fittings
    • ", + "
  • heating and hot water systems
    • ", + "
  • anything you damage through attempting repairs
    • ", + "

    If your property is seriously damaged by a fire, flood or other similar incident, you do not have to rebuild or renovate it. However, if you do, you cannot charge your tenants for any repairs made.

    ", + "

    Common areas

    ", + "

    If you own a block of flats, you\u2019re usually responsible for repairing common areas, like staircases. Councils can ask landlords to fix problems in common areas, or to repair a tenant\u2019s flat that\u2019s been damaged by another tenant.

    ", + "

    What happens if repairs are not done properly

    ", + "

    If you refuse to carry out repairs, tenants can:

    ", + "
  • start a claim in the small claims court for repairs under \u00a35,000
    • ", + "
  • in some circumstances, carry out the repairs themselves and deduct the cost from their rent
    • ", + "

    If you do not make repairs to remove hazards, your tenants can ask the council to inspect the property under the Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) and to take any action that is necessary.

    ", + "

    If the council finds serious hazards, it must take enforcement action to make sure the hazard is removed.

    ", + "

    If the property is temporarily unfit to live in

    ", + "

    You can ask tenants to move out during major repairs. Before this happens, you should agree in writing:

    ", + "
  • how long the works will last
    • ", + "
  • the tenants\u2019 right to return
    • ", + "
  • details of any alternative accommodation
    • ", + "

    You cannot repossess a property to do repairs. However, if you\u2019re planning substantial works, or want to redevelop the property, you can apply to the courts for an order for your tenants to leave. The courts are more likely to grant this if you provide alternative accommodation.

    ", + "

    Repairs and charging rent

    ", + "

    If the repairs are very disruptive, your tenants may be able to claim a reduction on their rent known as a \u2018rent abatement\u2019. This will depend on how much of the property is unusable.

    ", + "

    You may have the right to increase the rent after carrying out repairs and improvements, depending on the tenancy agreement.

    ", + "

    Rent increases

    ", + "

    The tenancy agreement should include how and when you\u2019ll review the rent.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for increasing regulated tenancy rents.

    ", + "

    When you can increase rent

    ", + "

    For a periodic tenancy (rolling on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis) you can usually only increase the rent once a year.

    ", + "

    For a fixed-term tenancy (running for a set period) you can only increase the rent if your tenancy agreement permits this. Otherwise, you can only raise the rent when the fixed term ends.

    ", + "

    How you can increase the rent

    ", + "

    If a fixed-term tenancy agreement says how the rent can be increased, you must stick to this.

    ", + "

    For a periodic tenancy, you can:

    ", + "
  • agree a rent increase with your tenants and produce a written record of the agreement that you both sign
    • ", + "
  • use a \u2018Landlord\u2019s notice proposing a new rent\u2019 form, giving your tenant at least a month\u2019s notice
    • ", + "

    There are different rules around increasing rent if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    The rent increase must be fair and realistic - that is, in line with reasonable rents on the open market.

    ", + "

    If your tenants do not agree

    ", + "

    If your tenants think the rent increase is unfair, they can ask the First Tier Property Tribunal to decide the right amount.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and rent

    ", + "

    Tenant responsibilities have not changed because of coronavirus. Your tenant should continue to pay rent if they can.

    ", + "

    If your tenant is unable to pay their rent, you can agree a different way to pay. For example, you can agree to accept a lower rent payment for a set amount of time and they pay off the rent arrears later.

    ", + "

    Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    You and your tenant can get advice from Shelter, Citizens Advice and the Money Advice Service.

    ", + "

    Settling disputes

    ", + "

    You can often sort out disputes with your tenants without going to court:

    ", + "
  • Speak to your tenants about your concerns.
    • ", + "
  • If this does not work, write a formal letter setting out the problem.
    • ", + "
  • Use a mediation service, which is usually cheaper and quicker than going to court.
    • ", + "
  • As a last resort, you can take your tenants to court.
    • ", + "

    There are different rules for settling disputes if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Going to court

    ", + "

    If you take legal action, the case may go to a small claims court. Small claims cases are those worth less than \u00a310,000 (or \u00a31,000 if the case is about repairs to a property).

    ", + "

    The courts provide a free mediation service for small claims cases, which can take place over the phone.

    ", + "

    If you want to get your property back because your tenants owe you rent money, you can make a possession claim online.

    ", + "

    You must follow specific rules if you want to evict tenants.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and possession claims

    ", + "

    The court process for possession claims is different because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    You must tell the court if your tenant and their dependants have been affected by coronavirus. For example, if they lost income because of coronavirus, which meant they were not able to pay your rent.

    ", + "

    Free advice for disputes

    ", + "

    You can get free advice about disputes or housing problems from Citizens Advice or Shelter.

    ", + "

    In Wales, you can contact Shelter Cymru.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get free and confidential legal advice from Civil Legal Advice (CLA) as part of legal aid, if you\u2019re in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    A solicitor can also help you, but they might charge a fee.

    ", + "

    Houses in Multiple Occupation (HMO)

    ", + "

    If you let your property to several tenants who are not members of the same family, it may be a \u2018House in Multiple Occupation\u2019 (HMO).

    ", + "

    The rules about HMOs are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Your property is an HMO if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • at least 3 tenants live there, forming more than one household
    • ", + "
  • toilet, bathroom or kitchen facilities are shared
    • ", + "

    A household consists of either a single person or members of the same family who live together. It includes people who are married or living together and people in same-sex relationships.

    ", + "

    If someone in an HMO becomes ill with coronavirus (COVID-19), you do not have to find alternative accommodation for the other tenants. You also cannot make someone leave their home because they have coronavirus. Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    Licences

    ", + "

    An HMO must have a licence if it is occupied by 5 or more people. A council can also include other types of HMOs for licensing.

    ", + "

    Find out if you need an HMO licence from your council.

    ", + "

    Risk assessment

    ", + "

    The council has to carry out a Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) risk assessment on your HMO within 5 years of receiving a licence application. If the inspector finds any unacceptable risks during the assessment, you must carry out work to eliminate them.

    ", + "

    Reporting changes

    ", + "

    You must tell the council if:

    ", + "
  • you plan to make changes to an HMO
    • ", + "
  • your tenants make changes
    • ", + "
  • your tenants\u2019 circumstances change (for example they have a child)
    • ", + "

    Paying tax and National Insurance

    ", + "

    When you rent out property you may have to pay tax.

    ", + "

    Running a property business

    ", + "

    You have to pay Class 2 National Insurance if your profits are \u00a36,515 a year or more and what you do counts as running a business, for example if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • being a landlord is your main job
    • ", + "
  • you rent out more than one property
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re buying new properties to rent out
    • ", + "

    If your profits are under \u00a36,515, you can make voluntary Class 2 National Insurance payments, for example to make sure you get the full State Pension.

    ", + "

    You do not pay National Insurance if you\u2019re not running a business - even if you do work like arranging repairs, advertising for tenants and arranging tenancy agreements.

    ", + "

    Property you personally own

    ", + "

    The first \u00a31,000 of your income from property rental is tax-free. This is your \u2018property allowance\u2019.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if your income from property rental is between \u00a31,000 and \u00a32,500 a year.

    ", + "

    You must report it on a Self Assessment tax return if it\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • \u00a32,500 to \u00a39,999 after allowable expenses
    • ", + "
  • \u00a310,000 or more before allowable expenses
    • ", + "

    Register for Self Assessment

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had rental income.

    ", + "

    Register now

    ", + "

    Declaring unpaid tax

    ", + "

    You can declare unpaid tax by telling HMRC about rental income from previous years. If you have to pay a penalty it\u2019ll be lower than if HMRC find out about the income themselves.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a disclosure reference number. You then have 3 months to work out what you owe and pay it.

    ", + "

    Do not include the \u00a31,000 tax-free property allowance for any tax years before 2017 to 2018.

    ", + "

    Property owned by a company

    ", + "

    Count the rental income the same way as any other business income.

    ", + "

    Costs you can claim to reduce tax

    ", + "

    There are different tax rules for:

    ", + "
  • residential properties
    • ", + "
  • furnished holiday lettings
    • ", + "
  • commercial properties
    • ", + "

    Residential properties

    ", + "

    You or your company must pay tax on the profit you make from renting out the property, after deductions for \u2018allowable expenses\u2019.

    ", + "

    Allowable expenses are things you need to spend money on in the day-to-day running of the property, like:

    ", + "
  • letting agents\u2019 fees
    • ", + "
  • legal fees for lets of a year or less, or for renewing a lease for less than 50 years
    • ", + "
  • accountants\u2019 fees
    • ", + "
  • buildings and contents insurance
    • ", + "
  • interest on property loans
    • ", + "
  • maintenance and repairs to the property (but not improvements)
    • ", + "
  • utility bills, like gas, water and electricity
    • ", + "
  • rent, ground rent, service charges
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax
    • ", + "
  • services you pay for, like cleaning or gardening
    • ", + "
  • other direct costs of letting the property, like phone calls, stationery and advertising
    • ", + "

    Allowable expenses do not include \u2018capital expenditure\u2019 - like buying a property or renovating it beyond repairs for wear and tear.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief on money spent on replacing a \u2018domestic item\u2019. This is called \u2018replacement of domestic items relief\u2019.

    ", + "

    Domestic items include:

    ", + "
  • beds
    • ", + "
  • sofas
    • ", + "
  • curtains
    • ", + "
  • carpets
    • ", + "
  • fridges
    • ", + "
  • crockery and cutlery
    • ", + "

    You must have only bought the domestic item for use by tenants in a residential property and the item you replaced must no longer be used in that property.

    ", + "

    The replacement of domestic items relief is available from:

    ", + "
  • the 2016 to 2017 tax year for individuals and partnerships
    • ", + "
  • 1 April 2016 for companies
    • ", + "

    Furnished residential lettings

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim \u2018wear and tear allowance\u2019:

    ", + "
  • for the 2015 to 2016 tax year for individuals and partnerships
    • ", + "
  • on or before 31 March 2016 for companies
    • ", + "

    Furnished holiday lettings

    ", + "

    For furnished holiday homes, you may be able to claim:

    ", + "
  • plant and machinery capital allowances on furniture, furnishings and so on in the let property, as well as on equipment used outside the property (like vans and tools)
    • ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax reliefs - Business Asset Rollover Relief, Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief, relief for gifts of business assets and relief for loans to traders
    • ", + "

    You can only claim these if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the property is offered to let for at least 210 days a year
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s let for more than 105 days a year
    • ", + "
  • no single let is more than 31 days
    • ", + "
  • you charge the going rate for similar properties in the area (\u2018market value\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you own the property personally, your profits count as earnings for pension purposes.

    ", + "

    You can download helpsheets to help you with your tax return:

    ", + "
  • capital allowances
    • ", + "
  • furnished holiday lettings
    • ", + "

    Commercial properties

    ", + "

    You can claim plant and machinery capital allowances on some items if you rent out a commercial property - like a shop, garage or lock-up.

    ", + "

    Working out your profit

    ", + "

    You work out the net profit or loss for all your property lettings (except furnished holiday lettings) as if it\u2019s a single business. To do this, you:

    ", + "
  • add together all your rental income
    • ", + "
  • add together all your allowable expenses
    • ", + "
  • take the expenses away from the income
    • ", + "

    Work out the profit or loss from furnished holiday lettings separately from any other rental business to make sure you only claim these tax advantages for eligible properties.

    ", + "

    Making a loss

    ", + "

    Deduct any losses from your profit and enter the figure on your Self Assessment form.

    ", + "

    You can offset your loss against:

    ", + "
  • future profits by carrying it forward to a later year
    • ", + "
  • profits from other properties (if you have them)
    • ", + "

    You can only offset losses against future profits in the same business.

    ", + "

    Changing a regulated tenancy (fair rent)

    ", + "

    There are special rules for changing rents and terms for regulated tenancies (sometimes called \u2018fair rents\u2019) which usually started before 15 January 1989.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for increasing rents in regulated tenancies in Scotland and rent-controlled tenancies in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    When you can increase rent

    ", + "

    You can only increase the rent up to the maximum set by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) - check the register of rents to find out what it is.

    ", + "

    You can ask VOA to review the rent every 2 years, or earlier if something has affected the value, so that it remains fair. Your rent might increase or decrease.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a fair rent form to get your rent reviewed. Send the completed form to the VOA Network Support Office by post.

    ", + "

    Email the VOA Network Support Office if you have any questions about increasing your rent.

    ", + "

    If the fair rent increases

    ", + "

    You must serve a notice of increase of rent on your tenant. You can charge the new rent from the date it\u2019s registered.

    ", + "

    Fill in a \u2018notice of increase\u2019 form (available from legal stationers) and send it to your tenant.

    ", + "

    You can backdate your notice of rent increase for up to 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    Cancel a registered rent

    ", + "

    Download and fill in an application form to cancel a registered rent and send it to the address on the form, for example if the tenancy stops being regulated, or you and the tenant agree to cancel it.

    ", + "

    It may take up to 6 weeks to cancel a registered rent.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Right to Manage: a guide for landlords", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-manage-a-guide-for-landlords", + "contents": [ + "

    The Right to Manage

    ", + "

    The Right to Manage (RTM) lets some leasehold property owners take over management of the building - even without the agreement of the landlord.

    ", + "

    As a landlord, the leaseholders in your building will send you notice if they plan to do this. If they\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll still own the building but they\u2019ll manage it.

    ", + "

    This means they\u2019ll be responsible for things like:

    ", + "
  • collecting and managing the service charge
    • ", + "
  • upkeep of communal areas (such as communal hallways and stairs)
    • ", + "
  • upkeep of the structure of the building (such as the roof)
    • ", + "
  • dealing with complaints about the building from other leaseholders
    • ", + "

    Qualifying leaseholders can use the Right to Manage for any reason - they don\u2019t have to prove the building has been badly managed.

    ", + "

    Right to Manage companies

    ", + "

    To use the right, leaseholders must set up an RTM company and follow certain procedures. The RTM company can manage the building directly, or pay a managing agent to do it.

    ", + "

    As landlord, you have the right to be a member of the RTM company and to vote on decisions. You get at least 1 vote. How many votes you\u2019ll get depends on how many flats you own in the building.

    ", + "

    The RTM company must pay for any costs you incur during the management transfer process - even if it doesn\u2019t end up managing the building.

    ", + "

    Qualifying

    ", + "

    To qualify for Right to Manage:

    ", + "
  • the building must be made up of flats (houses don\u2019t qualify)
    • ", + "
  • at least two-thirds of the flats in the building must be leasehold - with leases that were for more than 21 years when they were granted
    • ", + "
  • at least 75% of the building must be residential - for example, if there\u2019s a shop in the building, it can\u2019t take up more than 25% of the total floor area
    • ", + "
  • you must live somewhere else if there are less than 4 flats in the block - unless the block was purpose-built as flats, rather than converted from another type of building
    • ", + "
  • any number of owners can set up an RTM company - but at least half of the flats in the building must be members of the company before it can actually take over management
    • ", + "

    Notices

    ", + "

    Normally, the leaseholders will contact you once they\u2019ve set up an RTM company. You may get a \u2018right to information\u2019 notice from the company - asking for the information they need in order to claim their Right to Manage.

    ", + "

    You receive a \u2018notice of claim\u2019

    ", + "

    If you receive a \u2018notice of claim\u2019 it means that the RTM company intends to take over management of the building. It will tell you:

    ", + "
  • the date you must respond by
    • ", + "
  • the date the RTM company intends to take over management of the building
    • ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • accept the claim
    • ", + "
  • dispute the claim - the notice of claim will tell you when you need to do this by, but the deadline can\u2019t be less than 1 month from the date of the notice
    • ", + "

    Disputing the claim

    ", + "

    You can dispute the claim by serving a counter-notice to the Right to Manage (RTM) company. In it, you must give reasons why you think the company isn\u2019t entitled to manage the building.

    ", + "

    You can dispute the claim if you think:

    ", + "
  • the building doesn\u2019t qualify
    • ", + "
  • the RTM company doesn\u2019t comply with the legal requirements
    • ", + "
  • the RTM company members don\u2019t represent half the flats in the building
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t dispute the claim for any other reason.

    ", + "

    Leasehold Valuation Tribunal

    ", + "

    If the members of the RTM company think you\u2019re wrong, the company must apply to the Leasehold Valuation Tribunal (LVT) within 2 months of the date of the counter-notice. The LVT will then decide if the RTM company can manage the building.

    ", + "

    Transferring management of the building

    ", + "

    If you accept the Right to Manage (RTM) company\u2019s notice, or if you dispute the claim and the Leasehold Valuation Tribunal (LVT) decides against you, the management of the building will transfer to the RTM company.

    ", + "

    The date the RTM company takes over management responsibilities is called the \u2018date of acquisition\u2019. This will be:

    ", + "
  • on the date given on the notice of claim - if you accept the claim
    • ", + "
  • 3 months after the LVT decision becomes final - if you disputed the claim and lost
    • ", + "
  • 3 months after agreement - if you originally disputed the claim but later came to an agreement with the RTM company
    • ", + "

    You must transfer any money you have from service charges on the acquisition date - or as soon after as is reasonably possible.

    ", + "

    Ongoing management

    ", + "

    The RTM company must tell you at least 30 days before approving:

    ", + "
  • assignment (selling or transferring the flat into someone else\u2019s name)
    • ", + "
  • a sublet
    • ", + "
  • a charge to leaseholders
    • ", + "

    If the lease says your consent is needed, the RTM company must give you 30 days\u2019 notice before approving:

    ", + "
  • any changes to the structure of the building
    • ", + "
  • any changes to the use of the building
    • ", + "

    For other approvals they must tell you at least 14 days in advance.

    ", + "

    Read the Leasehold Advisory Service\u2019s guide on The Right to Manage for a detailed explanation of how Right to Manage works.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tenancy agreements: a guide for landlords (England and Wales)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-agreements-a-guide-for-landlords", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A tenancy agreement is a contract between you and your tenants. It sets out the legal terms and conditions of the tenancy. It can be written down or oral.

    ", + "

    A tenancy can either be:

    ", + "
  • fixed-term (running for a set period of time)
    • ", + "
  • periodic (running on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis)
    • ", + "

    Rights and responsibilities

    ", + "

    Both you and your tenants have certain rights and responsibilities, whether or not there is a tenancy agreement.

    ", + "

    Tenancy types

    ", + "

    Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)

    ", + "

    The most common form of tenancy is an AST. Most new tenancies are automatically this type.

    ", + "

    A tenancy can be an AST if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a private landlord or housing association
    • ", + "
  • the tenancy started on or after 15 January 1989
    • ", + "
  • the property is your tenants\u2019 main accommodation
    • ", + "
  • you do not live in the property
    • ", + "

    A tenancy cannot be an AST if:

    ", + "
  • it began or was agreed before 15 January 1989
    • ", + "
  • the rent is more than \u00a3100,000 a year
    • ", + "
  • the rent is less than \u00a3250 a year (less than \u00a31,000 in London)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a business tenancy or tenancy of licensed premises
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a holiday let
    • ", + "
  • the landlord is a local council
    • ", + "

    Other tenancies

    ", + "

    There are other tenancies that are not as common as ASTs, including:

    ", + "
  • excluded tenancies or licences
    • ", + "
  • assured tenancies
    • ", + "
  • regulated tenancies
    • ", + "

    Excluded tenancies or licences

    ", + "

    If you have a lodger living in your home and share rooms with them, like a kitchen or bathroom, you may have one of these. This usually gives your lodger less protection from eviction than other types of agreement.

    ", + "

    Assured tenancies

    ", + "

    Tenancies starting between 15 January 1989 and 27 February 1997 may be assured. Your tenants have increased protection from eviction with this type of agreement.

    ", + "

    Regulated tenancies

    ", + "

    Tenancies starting before 15 January 1989 may be regulated. Your tenants have increased protection from eviction and can apply for a \u2018fair rent\u2019.

    ", + "

    What you should include in a tenancy agreement

    ", + "

    The tenancy agreement should include:

    ", + "
  • the names of all people involved
    • ", + "
  • the rental price and how it\u2019s paid
    • ", + "
  • information on how and when the rent will be reviewed
    • ", + "
  • the deposit amount and how it will be protected
    • ", + "
  • when the deposit can be fully or partly withheld, for example to repair damage caused by tenants
    • ", + "
  • the property address
    • ", + "
  • the start and end date of the tenancy
    • ", + "
  • any tenant or landlord obligations
    • ", + "
  • which bills your tenants are responsible for
    • ", + "

    It can also include information on:

    ", + "
  • whether the tenancy can be ended early and how this can be done
    • ", + "
  • who\u2019s responsible for minor repairs (other than those that the landlord is legally responsible for)
    • ", + "
  • whether the property can be let to someone else (sublet) or have lodgers
    • ", + "

    The terms of the tenancy must be fair and comply with the law. You can use a model agreement as a template.

    ", + "

    You cannot have anything in your tenancy agreement that may indirectly discriminate against your tenants.

    ", + "

    Changes to tenancy agreements

    ", + "

    You must get the agreement of your tenants if you want to make changes to the terms of their tenancy agreement.

    ", + "

    Preventing discrimination

    ", + "

    You cannot discriminate against or harass your tenants on the grounds of:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • being or becoming a transsexual person
    • ", + "
  • being married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • being pregnant or on maternity leave
    • ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • race including colour, nationality, ethnic or national origin
    • ", + "
  • religion, belief or lack of religion or belief
    • ", + "
  • sex
    • ", + "
  • sexual orientation
    • ", + "

    If you get managed payments from your local council

    ", + "

    When your tenants move to Universal Credit, you can help them set up their new rent payments.

    ", + "

    You can read more about Universal Credit and how it affects landlords.

    ", + "

    Ending a tenancy

    ", + "

    If you want your tenants to leave, you must give them notice in a particular way, including certain information and warnings. This depends on the type of tenancy agreement and its terms.

    ", + "

    Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)

    ", + "

    In some circumstances, you can take back your property without giving any reason. To do this, and all of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve protected your tenants\u2019 deposit in a deposit protection scheme
    • ", + "
  • the date they must leave is at least 6 months after the original tenancy began (the one they signed on first moving in)
    • ", + "
  • they have a periodic tenancy - or they have a fixed-term tenancy and you are not asking them to leave before the end of the fixed term
    • ", + "

    How much notice you need to give

    ", + "

    You must give your tenants written notice that you want the property back (\u2018notice to quit\u2019) and the date they must leave. The notice period you give them must be at least:

    ", + "
  • 2 months if you gave notice before 26 March 2020
    • ", + "
  • 3 months if you gave notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020
    • ", + "
  • 6 months if you gave notice on or after 29 August 2020
    • ", + "

    If you gave a section 8 notice, the notice period is sometimes shorter, depending on the reason for eviction.

    ", + "

    This change is because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    During the fixed term

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re still in the fixed term, you can only ask your tenants to leave if you have a reason for wanting possession that\u2019s in the Housing Act 1988.

    ", + "

    Examples of reasons include:

    ", + "
  • your tenants are behind with rent payments (\u2018in arrears\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • your tenants have used the property for illegal purposes, for example selling drugs
    • ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice before 26 March 2020, you would have needed to give them up to 2 months to leave, depending on the reason.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, in most cases you must now give them a longer notice period.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, period must have been at least 3 months.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice on or after 29 August 2020, the notice period must be at least 6 months. It can be shorter in some cases, for example if you evict them for antisocial behaviour.

    ", + "

    The Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government has information on reasons for possession for a property let on an AST.

    ", + "

    Assured tenancies

    ", + "

    You will need to use one of the reasons for possession in the Housing Act 1988.

    ", + "

    Excluded tenancies or licences

    ", + "

    If you live with a lodger and share rooms with them, you\u2019ll often have an excluded tenancy or licence.

    ", + "

    In this case, you only need to give \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. Usually this means the length of the rental payment period \u2013 so if you collect rent monthly, you\u2019ll need to give 1 month\u2019s notice.

    ", + "

    The notice does not have to be in writing.

    ", + "

    Non-excluded tenancy or licence

    ", + "

    You can end the agreement at any time by serving a written \u2018notice to quit\u2019. The notice period will depend on the tenancy or agreement, but it\u2019s usually at least 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    Break clauses

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a break clause in the tenancy agreement, you can give your tenants notice after this. However, you do not have a guaranteed right to possession during the first 6 months of the tenancy.

    ", + "

    If your tenant does not leave the property

    ", + "

    You cannot remove your tenants by force. If the notice period expires and your tenants do not leave the property, you can start the process of eviction through the courts.

    ", + "

    If your tenants want to leave

    ", + "

    Tenancies

    ", + "

    The tenancy agreement should say how much notice your tenants need to give before they can leave the property.

    ", + "

    Tenants are responsible for paying rent for their entire fixed-term tenancy. They can move out early without paying rent for the full tenancy if:

    ", + "
  • there is a break clause in their tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • you agree to ending the tenancy early
    • ", + "

    They can also leave if their tenancy is up after giving their notice (whether it is fixed-term or not).

    ", + "

    Licence agreements

    ", + "

    If the licence automatically runs out after a specific date and your lodger wants to end the agreement, they should let you know this before the licence runs out.

    ", + "

    If your tenant dies without an executor or a will

    ", + "

    The tenancy is transferred temporarily to the Public Trustee if a tenant dies:

    ", + "
  • without a will
    • ", + "
  • with a will but without an executor
    • ", + "

    You cannot take back a property automatically even if the tenancy was due to end.

    ", + "

    You may be fined if you try to repossess a property without following the rules.

    ", + "

    Reclaim your property

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • post or deliver a letter to the tenant\u2019s last known address saying you\u2019re giving written notice
    • ", + "
  • email a copy of your notice and a completed NL1 form to the Public Trustee
    • ", + "
  • pay an application fee to the Public Trustee to register the notice
    • ", + "

    Give notice

    ", + "

    Address the written notice to: \u201cThe Personal Representative of [full name of the tenant who died] of [last known address for the tenant who died]\u201d.

    ", + "

    Email the notice and NL1 form to the Public Trustee

    ", + "

    Order a NL1 application form to register a notice from OyezStore or from Shaws. The form costs no more than \u00a38.26.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get it by post. Email a copy of the notice and a scan of your completed NL1 form to osptcontrolunit@ospt.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    You must buy a new form for each application - you cannot use a photocopy. You can make your own version of the form, as long as it\u2019s laid out in the same way and includes all the relevant information.

    ", + "

    Pay the application fee

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a340 to register the notice. You can only pay by Bacs. Transfer the fee to the following account:

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "80 26 50 | 10014069 | The Public Trustee", + "

    Include the name of the deceased in the payment reference.

    ", + "

    Get a decision about your application

    ", + "

    The Public Trustee will register or reject your application. You should get an email within 15 working days of the Public Trustee getting your application and payment.

    ", + "

    If your application is registered, you\u2019ll be told the date it was put in the register.

    ", + "

    If your application is rejected, for example because it\u2019s incomplete, you\u2019ll be told why the Public Trustee cannot register it.

    ", + "

    You can search the Public Trustee\u2019s register if your notice is registered, for example to check that you can legally rent the property again or sell it.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Challenge your Council Tax band", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-council-tax-band", + "contents": [ + "

    Challenging your band

    ", + "

    Council Tax bands are based on how much a property was worth on:

    ", + "
  • 1 April 1991, for England and Scotland
    • ", + "
  • 1 April 2003, for Wales
    • ", + "

    You might be able to challenge your Council Tax band if you have evidence that suggests the band is wrong.

    ", + "

    When you can challenge your band

    ", + "

    You can challenge your band if you have been paying Council Tax on your property for less than 6 months.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paying Council Tax on your property for more than 6 months you can only challenge your band in specific circumstances. These include if:

    ", + "
  • your property has changed - for example, it\u2019s been demolished, split into multiple properties or merged into one
    • ", + "
  • your property\u2019s use has changed - for example, part of your property is now used for business
    • ", + "
  • your local area has changed - for example, a new supermarket has been built
    • ", + "

    Before you challenge your band

    ", + "

    Contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) to explain why you think your band is wrong. You must be able to provide evidence that supports your opinion. The VOA may be able to review and change your band without you needing to challenge it.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s currently a reduced telephone service because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Only contact the VOA by telephone if you cannot email them.

    ", + "

    How to challenge your band

    ", + "

    If the VOA has reviewed your band and you do not agree with their decision, you can then formally challenge your band.

    ", + "
  • Find your property\u2019s Council Tax band on the valuation list.
    • ", + "
  • Select your property. From \u2018Council Tax band details\u2019 choose \u2018Do you think this Council Tax band is wrong?\u2019
    • ", + "
  • From \u2018If you think your Council Tax band is wrong\u2019 choose \u2018Check if you can formally challenge your Council Tax band\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Answer the questions on the checklist to find out if you can make a challenge.
    • ", + "
  • Select \u2018Make a formal challenge against your Council Tax band online\u2019 to fill in the challenge form.
    • ", + "
  • Provide evidence that supports your challenge in the \u2018Formal challenge details\u2019 section.
    • ", + "

    You must continue paying your Council Tax while the challenge is happening.

    ", + "

    You can also appoint someone else to challenge on your behalf.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Scotland use the Scottish Assessors website to check your Council Tax band, then follow the link \u2018Make a proposal\u2019.

    ", + "

    Evidence that supports your challenge

    ", + "

    You must send evidence that your council tax band is wrong to the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you\u2019re in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Scotland, use the Scottish Assessors website to check what evidence you need.

    ", + "

    Evidence you can send

    ", + "

    Send the addresses of up to 5 similar properties in a lower Council Tax band than yours.

    ", + "

    They must be the same as your property in:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • style and design
    • ", + "
  • size (the VOA will also consider properties that are larger than yours)
    • ", + "
  • type (for example, they must be semi-detached houses if you live in a semi-detached house)
    • ", + "

    They must also be either:

    ", + "
  • in the same street or estate - if you live in a town or city
    • ", + "
  • in the same village - if you live in the countryside
    • ", + "

    Evidence from house prices

    ", + "

    You can also use the price that your property or similar properties sold for as evidence, if the sales were between:

    ", + "
  • 1 April 1989 and 31 March 1993 - if your property is in England
    • ", + "
  • 1 April 2001 and 31 March 2005 - if your property is in Wales
    • ", + "

    You can look up property sale prices online from 1995 onwards.

    ", + "

    Compare the sale prices to what the properties were valued at:

    ", + "Council Tax band | Properties is in England - value in April 1991 | Properties in Wales - value in April 2003", + "A | Up to \u00a340,000 | Up to \u00a344,000", + "B | More than \u00a340,000 and up to \u00a352,000 | More than \u00a344,000 and up to \u00a365,000", + "C | More than \u00a352,000 and up to \u00a368,000 | More than \u00a365,000 and up to \u00a391,000", + "D | More than \u00a368,000 and up to \u00a388,000 | More than \u00a391,000 and up to \u00a3123,000", + "E | More than \u00a388,000 and up to \u00a3120,000 | More than \u00a3123,000 and up to \u00a3162,000", + "F | More than \u00a3120,000 and up to \u00a3160,000 | More than \u00a3162,000 and up to \u00a3223,000", + "G | More than \u00a3160,000 and up to \u00a3320,000 | More than \u00a3223,000 and up to \u00a3324,000", + "H | More than \u00a3320,000 | More than \u00a3324,000 and up to \u00a3424,000", + "I | - | More than \u00a3424,000", + "

    If the sale prices are different from the Council Tax bands the properties are in, send:

    ", + "
  • the addresses of the properties
    • ", + "
  • the sale prices
    • ", + "
  • the dates the properties were sold
    • ", + "

    If your property is in England, you\u2019ll also need to send proof of the sale prices, such as:

    ", + "
  • a letter from a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • the contract for the sale
    • ", + "

    Do not send data about average house prices in your area from websites such as Nationwide House Price Index, Nethouseprices, Rightmove or Zoopla.

    ", + "

    After you make a challenge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision from the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) within 4 months. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • change your Council Tax band - your local council will revise your bill and adjust your payments
    • ", + "
  • tell you why your band cannot be changed
    • ", + "

    If you disagree with the VOA\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    In England, if you make a formal challenge and disagree with the VOA\u2019s decision, you can appeal to the Valuation Tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Wales, send it to the Welsh Tribunal.

    ", + "

    The Valuation Tribunal is independent of the VOA. It\u2019s free, but you have to pay your own costs.

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 3 months of getting the VOA\u2019s decision. You may be able to get the time limit extended if you cannot apply in time.

    ", + "

    If the tribunal agrees with you, the VOA will change your band and the council will update your bill.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    The Valuation Tribunal has guidance on:

    ", + "
  • what you need to do for the hearing
    • ", + "
  • preparing for the hearing
    • ", + "

    You can also contact the tribunal for help.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Council Tax", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "contents": [ + "

    Working out your Council Tax

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to know 3 things:

    ", + "
  • the valuation band for your home in England and Wales or in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • how much your local council charges for that band
    • ", + "
  • whether you can get a discount or exemption from the full bill
    • ", + "

    You may be able to get Council Tax Reduction (this used to be called Council Tax Benefit) if you\u2019re on a low income or get benefits.

    ", + "

    You can challenge your Council Tax band if you think your home is in the wrong valuation band.

    ", + "

    Changes that may affect your Council Tax band

    ", + "

    Your property may be revalued and put in a different band in some circumstances, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you demolish part of your property and do not rebuild it
    • ", + "
  • you alter your property to create 2 or more self-contained units, for example an annexe - each unit will have its own band
    • ", + "
  • you split a single property into self-contained flats
    • ", + "
  • you convert flats into a single property
    • ", + "
  • you start or stop working from home
    • ", + "
  • the previous owner made changes to your property
    • ", + "
  • there are significant changes to your local area, like a new road being built
    • ", + "
  • a similar property in your area has its Council Tax band changed
    • ", + "

    Ask the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you want to know if changes to your property will affect your Council Tax band.

    ", + "

    Who has to pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax if you\u2019re 18 or over and own or rent a home.

    ", + "

    A full Council Tax bill is based on at least 2 adults living in a home. Spouses and partners who live together are jointly responsible for paying the bill.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get 25% off your bill if you count as an adult for Council Tax and either:

    ", + "
  • you live on your own
    • ", + "
  • no-one else in your home counts as an adult
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a 50% discount if no-one living in your home, including you, counts as an adult.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay any Council Tax if everyone in your home, including you, is a full-time student.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Council Tax discount.

    ", + "

    Who does not count as an adult?

    ", + "

    These people are not counted as adults for Council Tax:

    ", + "
  • children under 18
    • ", + "
  • people on some apprentice schemes
    • ", + "
  • 18 and 19-year-olds in full-time education
    • ", + "
  • full-time college and university students
    • ", + "
  • young people under 25 who get funding from the Skills Funding Agency or Young People\u2019s Learning Agency
    • ", + "
  • student nurses
    • ", + "
  • foreign language assistants registered with the British Council
    • ", + "
  • people with a severe mental impairment
    • ", + "
  • live-in carers who look after someone who is not their partner, spouse, or child under 18
    • ", + "
  • diplomats
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council if you\u2019re unsure about whether you can get a discount or who\u2019s responsible for paying.

    ", + "

    People on apprentice schemes

    ", + "

    To show that you do not qualify as an adult for Council Tax, you\u2019ll need a declaration from your employer stating that:

    ", + "
  • you will not be paid more than \u00a3195 a week
    • ", + "
  • the training leads to a qualification accredited by a body recognised by the Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation (Ofqual) or the Scottish Vocational Education Council (SVEC)
    • ", + "

    If you get a Council Tax discount by mistake

    ", + "

    You must tell your council. If you do not, you could get a fine.

    ", + "

    The council may ask you to pay back the discount.

    ", + "

    Discounts for full-time students

    ", + "

    Households where everyone\u2019s a full-time student do not have to pay Council Tax. If you do get a bill, you can apply for an exemption.

    ", + "

    To count as a full-time student, your course must:

    ", + "
  • last at least 1 year
    • ", + "
  • involve at least 21 hours study per week
    • ", + "

    If you study for a qualification up to A level and you\u2019re under 20, your course must:

    ", + "
  • last at least 3 months
    • ", + "
  • involve at least 12 hours study per week
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a Council Tax bill if there\u2019s someone in your household who\u2019s not a full-time student, but your household might still qualify for a discount.

    ", + "

    Discounts for disabled people

    ", + "

    People who are severely mentally impaired are not included when working out Council Tax.

    ", + "

    You also are not included if you\u2019re a live-in carer looking after someone who is not your partner, spouse, or child under 18.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Council Tax discount.

    ", + "

    Disabled Band Reduction Scheme

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for the scheme if you live in a larger property than you would need if you or another occupant were not disabled.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve either:

    ", + "
  • an extra bathroom, kitchen or other room that you need for the disabled person
    • ", + "
  • extra space inside the property for using a wheelchair
    • ", + "

    The property must be the main home of at least 1 disabled person. This can be an adult or a child - it does not have to be the person responsible for paying the Council Tax.

    ", + "

    Check if you qualify for the scheme.

    ", + "

    Second homes and empty properties

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a discount if you have a second home or an empty property - it\u2019s up to your council to decide.

    ", + "

    Councils can charge extra Council Tax for empty properties.

    ", + "

    Second homes

    ", + "

    You may pay less Council Tax for a property you own or rent that\u2019s not your main home.

    ", + "

    Councils can give furnished second homes or holiday homes a discount of up to 50%. Contact your council to find out if you can get a discount - it\u2019s up to them how much you can get.

    ", + "

    Empty properties

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax on an empty home, but your council can decide to give you a discount - the amount is up to them. Contact your council to ask about a discount.

    ", + "

    You can be charged up to double your Council Tax if your home has been empty for 2 years or more (unless it\u2019s an annexe or you\u2019re in the armed forces).

    ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland.

    ", + "

    When you do not pay Council Tax

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling a property on behalf of an owner who\u2019s died, you won\u2019t need to pay Council Tax until after you get probate as long as the property remains empty. After probate is granted, you may be able to get a Council Tax exemption for another 6 months if the property is both:

    ", + "
  • unoccupied
    • ", + "
  • still owned and in the name of the person who died
    • ", + "

    Some homes do not get a Council Tax bill for as long as they stay empty. They include homes:

    ", + "
  • of someone in prison (except for not paying a fine or Council Tax)
    • ", + "
  • of someone who\u2019s moved into a care home or hospital
    • ", + "
  • that have been repossessed
    • ", + "
  • that cannot be lived in by law, for example if they\u2019re derelict
    • ", + "
  • that are empty because they\u2019ve been compulsory purchased and will be demolished
    • ", + "

    You may get a discount if your home is undergoing major repair work or structural changes, for example your walls are being rebuilt.

    ", + "

    If your property\u2019s been refurbished

    ", + "

    Your council will tell you when you have to start paying Council Tax if you\u2019ve been carrying out major home improvements on an empty property or building a new property.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018completion notice\u2019 that tells you the date you must start paying Council Tax.

    ", + "

    If your property\u2019s derelict

    ", + "

    Your property\u2019s only considered derelict if it:

    ", + "
  • is not possible to live in it, for example because it\u2019s been damaged by weather, rot or vandalism
    • ", + "
  • would need major structural works to make it \u2018wind and watertight\u2019 again
    • ", + "

    You can challenge your Council Tax band if you think a derelict property should be removed from the Council Tax valuation list.

    ", + "

    Paying your bill

    ", + "

    Your Council Tax bill tells you:

    ", + "
  • how much you have to pay for the year
    • ", + "
  • how that amount has been worked out
    • ", + "
  • the dates you have to pay
    • ", + "

    The cost is usually split into 10 monthly payments. Contact your council immediately if you\u2019re having trouble paying - they can help you, for example by spreading your payments over 12 months instead of 10.

    ", + "

    The council can take action to reclaim any debts you owe if you get behind with your payments.

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    You can usually pay your Council Tax online.

    ", + "

    You can also use \u2018Paypoint\u2019, \u2018Payzone\u2019 or \u2018Quickcards\u2019 for cash payments at post offices, banks, newsagents and convenience stores.

    ", + "

    Check your bill to find out which other payment methods you can use.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve overpaid

    ", + "

    Contact your local council if you\u2019ve paid too much Council Tax and have not received an automatic refund.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Council housing", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-housing", + "contents": [ + "

    Apply for a council home

    ", + "

    You apply for council housing through your local council.

    ", + "

    Each council has its own rules.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to join a waiting list and you\u2019re not guaranteed to get a property. Ask your council how long you\u2019re likely to have to wait.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re 18 or over (some councils let you apply if you\u2019re 16 or over).

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply even if you do not live in the area.

    ", + "

    Waiting lists

    ", + "

    Councils decide who gets offered housing based on a \u2018points\u2019 or \u2018banding\u2019 system.

    ", + "

    Points and bands are based on housing need. For example, you\u2019re likely to be offered housing first if you:

    ", + "
  • are homeless
    • ", + "
  • live in cramped conditions
    • ", + "
  • have a medical condition made worse by your current home
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019re high enough on the list, your council will contact you about an available property.

    ", + "

    Choice-based lettings

    ", + "

    Some councils have a choice-based letting scheme. This lets you tell your council which properties you\u2019re interested in. It depends on the council, but once you\u2019ve been accepted onto the waiting list, the basic steps are:

    ", + "
  • Find a property: check in local papers, on council websites, in council offices or in local libraries.
    • ", + "
  • Check you can apply for it: some properties are only suitable for single people, families or disabled people.
    • ", + "
  • Apply: this is known as \u2018bidding\u2019, but it does not involve money. You can bid online, by phone or by text.
    • ", + "
  • Get the council\u2019s decision.
    • ", + "

    Getting an offer

    ", + "

    Normally you only have a short time to accept a housing offer. If you do not accept it, you can usually stay on the waiting list (or bid for other properties), but you may be put lower down the list.

    ", + "

    You may be taken off the list temporarily if you keep rejecting offers.

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you\u2019re not happy with your council\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Types of tenancy

    ", + "

    Your tenancy agreement is a legal document and tells you all the rules about living in your property.

    ", + "

    Different council tenants have different tenancies. These give you different rights and responsibilities.

    ", + "

    Introductory tenancy

    ", + "

    New council tenants may be offered an introductory tenancy. These usually last 12 months and are like a \u2018trial\u2019 period.

    ", + "

    You automatically become a secure or flexible tenant after 12 months, unless your council has either:

    ", + "
  • started action to evict you
    • ", + "
  • extended your introductory tenancy for a further 6 months
    • ", + "

    There are limits to what you can do with an introductory tenancy, for example you cannot:

    ", + "
  • make major improvements to the property
    • ", + "
  • swap your property with another council tenant
    • ", + "
  • apply to buy your property through the Right to Buy scheme
    • ", + "

    Secure tenancy

    ", + "

    As a secure tenant, you can normally live in the property for the rest of your life, as long as you do not break the conditions of the tenancy.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • rent out rooms - but you cannot sub-let the whole property
    • ", + "
  • buy your property through the Right to Buy scheme
    • ", + "
  • swap your home with another council or housing association tenant - with your council\u2019s permission
    • ", + "
  • transfer your tenancy to someone else in some circumstances
    • ", + "
  • make improvements to your home - you\u2019ll need permission from your council for some types of work
    • ", + "

    Scottish secure tenancy

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have a Scottish secure tenancy if you rent your home from the council, a housing association or housing co-operative in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Flexible tenancy

    ", + "

    As a flexible tenant, you have tenancy for a fixed period. This is usually for at least 5 years, though in some cases it may be between 2 and 5 years.

    ", + "

    At the end of the fixed period the council may decide to:

    ", + "
  • offer you another fixed-term tenancy
    • ", + "
  • offer you a secure tenancy
    • ", + "
  • not renew your tenancy
    • ", + "

    They must explain their reasons if they decide not to renew your tenancy and give you a chance to challenge the decision.

    ", + "

    As a flexible tenant you can:

    ", + "
  • rent out rooms - but you cannot sub-let the whole property
    • ", + "
  • buy your property through the Right to Buy scheme
    • ", + "
  • swap your home with another council or housing association tenant - with your council\u2019s permission
    • ", + "
  • transfer your tenancy to someone else in some circumstances
    • ", + "

    Joint tenancy

    ", + "

    Under a joint tenancy, all the tenants share equal responsibility.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a joint tenancy at any time if you\u2019re married or in a registered civil partnership. You must usually have lived together at the property for at least 12 months if you\u2019re a cohabiting couple or related (like brother and sister).

    ", + "

    Transferring your tenancy

    ", + "

    Secure and flexible tenants may be able to transfer a tenancy to someone else, or, in some circumstances, pass on a tenancy to someone when they die.

    ", + "

    Secure tenancies granted before 1 April 2012 can be transferred or passed on only once. For example, if you take over a tenancy when someone dies, you cannot pass on the tenancy to someone else when you die.

    ", + "

    Some secure and flexible tenancies granted from 1 April 2012 may mean you can transfer or pass on your tenancy more than once - check your tenancy agreement.

    ", + "

    To transfer a tenancy, complete a \u2018request to assign tenancy\u2019 form, available from your local council\u2019s housing department.

    ", + "

    Ending your tenancy

    ", + "

    Your tenancy can only be ended if:

    ", + "
  • you give the council 4 weeks\u2019 notice in writing
    • ", + "
  • the council evicts you
    • ", + "
  • the council needs to move you, for example to redevelop the property - it should offer you a new property and a new tenancy with no less security
    • ", + "

    Secure tenancies can also end if:

    ", + "
  • the council needs to move you, for example to redevelop your property \u2013 it should offer you a new property and a new secure tenancy
    • ", + "
  • you transfer your tenancy to someone else or swap homes
    • ", + "

    Ending joint tenancies

    ", + "

    If only one of you wants to end the tenancy and the other joint tenant(s) wants to stay in the property, your council may:

    ", + "
  • give the remaining tenant(s) a new tenancy at the same property
    • ", + "
  • not give them a new tenancy, for example because the property could be offered to another couple or family
    • ", + "

    If one joint tenant dies, the tenancy continues for the surviving tenant(s).

    ", + "

    If you and your partner divorce or your relationship breaks down and you cannot agree on who gets the tenancy, a court can decide this.

    ", + "

    Repairs and maintenance

    ", + "

    You\u2019re likely to be responsible for things like:

    ", + "
  • fixing a curtain or shower rail
    • ", + "
  • getting keys cut if you lose them
    • ", + "
  • arranging and paying for any damage you or your visitors have caused in your home to be put right
    • ", + "

    Your council is responsible for making sure:

    ", + "
  • the structure of your property is kept in good condition \u2013 this includes the walls, ceiling, roof and windows
    • ", + "
  • gas and electricity appliances work safely
    • ", + "
  • shared parts of a building or housing estate are kept in good condition
    • ", + "

    Your council will have a published policy setting out the timescales in which it will carry out different types of repairs.

    ", + "

    You should get several weeks\u2019 warning of any work needed.

    ", + "

    You can request a repair to your council property to fix an urgent problem.

    ", + "

    Leaving your home

    ", + "

    You may have to leave your home if major works are needed on the building. Your council must find you somewhere to live while work is carried out and pay for the cost of this.

    ", + "

    You may also get money from your council to pay for the cost of moving and the inconvenience it causes.

    ", + "

    If council works damage your property

    ", + "

    The council should repair any damage caused by maintenance or building work. You may be able to get a reduction in your rent if the repairs cause a lot of disruption.

    ", + "

    Your own home improvements

    ", + "

    The kind of improvements you can make to your council property depends on the type of tenancy you have.

    ", + "

    Introductory tenants are usually limited to minor improvements like redecorating inside.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a secure tenant, you have the right to carry out improvements to your property. These include:

    ", + "
  • installing a new bathroom or kitchen
    • ", + "
  • building an extension
    • ", + "
  • putting up a garden shed or greenhouse
    • ", + "
  • installing a new gas fire or fireplace
    • ", + "
  • cavity wall insulation
    • ", + "
  • redecorating the outside of a house
    • ", + "
  • fitting an aerial or satellite dish
    • ", + "

    You might need your council\u2019s written permission for work you do. Contact your council if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Follow these steps if you have a problem with your council housing:

    ", + "
  • Complain to your council - they should have a complaints policy that you can follow.
    • ", + "
  • Make a complaint to a \u2018designated person\u2019 (your MP, a local councillor or a tenant panel) if you cannot resolve the problem with your council.
    • ", + "
  • Contact the Housing Ombudsman if you and your council still cannot resolve the problem.
    • ", + "

    Council housing fraud

    ", + "

    You\u2019re likely to lose your tenancy and you could lose your right to council housing in the future if you\u2019re caught committing housing fraud.

    ", + "

    You may be fined or sent to prison if the fraud is serious.

    ", + "

    Housing fraud includes:

    ", + "
  • not telling the truth when applying for a property - for example claiming to have children when you do not
    • ", + "
  • sub-letting a property without permission
    • ", + "
  • living in a property after someone has died without the right to do so
    • ", + "

    How councils check for housing fraud

    ", + "

    Councils will check:

    ", + "
  • a tenant\u2019s housing record against other records - for example Housing Benefit or the Electoral Roll
    • ", + "
  • that the genuine tenant lives at the property - for example asking to see the tenant\u2019s passport and tenancy agreement
    • ", + "

    Checks can happen at any time during a tenancy, without any warning.

    ", + "

    Report suspected housing fraud

    ", + "

    Most councils have a telephone number for people to report suspicious behaviour. You do not have to give your name or address when reporting suspected fraud.

    ", + "

    Buy your council home

    ", + "

    Under the Right to Buy scheme, you can apply to buy your council home if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s your only or main home
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s self-contained
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a secure tenant
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord for 5 years - for example a council, housing association or NHS trust
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Housing association homes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/housing-association-homes", + "contents": [ + "

    Apply for a home

    ", + "

    Housing associations offer similar types of housing as local councils \u2013 often to people on a low income or who need extra support.

    ", + "

    You can apply:

    ", + "
  • directly to a housing association
    • ", + "
  • often through your local council
    • ", + "

    You can apply to more than one housing association at a time.

    ", + "

    Waiting list

    ", + "

    Once you apply, you\u2019ll be put on a waiting list.

    ", + "

    Housing associations normally offer housing to people most suited to that particular property. You may have to wait a long time for a suitable property to become available.

    ", + "

    Housing associations are also known as Registered Social Landlords or Private Registered Providers of Social Housing.

    ", + "

    Types of tenancy

    ", + "

    Your rights and responsibilities depend on the type of tenancy you have.

    ", + "

    Your tenancy agreement is a legal document that tells you all the rules about living in your property.

    ", + "

    Starter tenancy

    ", + "

    New housing association tenants may be offered a starter tenancy. These usually last 12 months and are like a \u2018trial\u2019 period.

    ", + "

    You become an assured or fixed term tenant after 12 months, unless your housing association has either:

    ", + "
  • started action to evict you
    • ", + "
  • extended your starter tenancy
    • ", + "

    Assured and fixed-term tenancies

    ", + "

    At the end of your starter tenancy you\u2019ll be offered either:

    ", + "
  • an assured tenancy - meaning you can normally live in your property for the rest of your life
    • ", + "
  • a fixed-term tenancy - usually lasting for at least 5 years (your landlord will decide whether it\u2019s renewed)
    • ", + "

    You rights may include:

    ", + "
  • buying your home
    • ", + "
  • having your home repaired
    • ", + "
  • swapping your home with another council or housing association tenant
    • ", + "

    Ending your tenancy

    ", + "

    Your tenancy can be ended if:

    ", + "
  • you give the housing association 4 weeks\u2019 notice in writing
    • ", + "
  • the housing association evicts you
    • ", + "
  • you transfer your tenancy to someone else or swap homes
    • ", + "
  • the housing association needs to move you (eg to redevelop your property) - it should offer you a new property
    • ", + "

    Standard of your home

    ", + "

    Your landlord has to make sure that your home meets certain standards. It must be:

    ", + "
  • safe and free from \u2018category 1 hazards\u2019 - these are things that can cause death or pose a serious danger to your health (eg by causing lung cancer, 80% burn injuries, loss of limbs, poisoning)
    • ", + "
  • in a reasonable state of repair
    • ", + "
  • equipped with reasonably modern facilities
    • ", + "
  • warm enough
    • ", + "

    If you have concerns about the standard of your home you can make a complaint.

    ", + "

    As a social housing tenant you can help run a maintenance service.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Follow these steps if you have a problem with your housing association home:

    ", + "
  • Complain to your landlord - they should have a complaints policy that you can follow.
    • ", + "
  • Make a complaint to a \u2018designated person\u2019 (your MP, a local councillor or a tenant panel) if you can\u2019t resolve the problem with your landlord.
    • ", + "
  • Contact the Housing Ombudsman if you and your landlord still can\u2019t resolve the problem.
    • ", + "

    Buying your home

    ", + "

    As a housing association tenant, you might be able to buy your housing association home at a discount.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Right to Acquire: buying your housing association home", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-acquire-buying-housing-association-home", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Right to Acquire allows most housing association tenants to buy their home at a discount. You apply using the Right to Acquire application form.

    ", + "

    You can apply to buy your housing association home if you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord for 3 years. These landlords include:

    ", + "
  • housing associations
    • ", + "
  • councils
    • ", + "
  • the armed services
    • ", + "
  • NHS trusts and foundation trusts
    • ", + "

    Eligible properties

    ", + "

    Your property must either have been:

    ", + "
  • built or bought by a housing association after 31 March 1997 (and funded through a social housing grant provided by the Housing Corporation or local council)
    • ", + "
  • transferred from a local council to a housing association after 31 March 1997
    • ", + "

    Your landlord must be registered with the Regulator of Social Housing.

    ", + "

    The home you want to buy must also be:

    ", + "
  • a self-contained property
    • ", + "
  • your only or main home
    • ", + "

    Joint applications

    ", + "

    You can make a joint application with:

    ", + "
  • someone who shares your tenancy
    • ", + "
  • up to 3 family members who\u2019ve lived with you for the past 12 months (even if they don\u2019t share your tenancy)
    • ", + "

    Who doesn\u2019t qualify

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use Right to Acquire if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re being made bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • a court has ordered you to leave your home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a council tenant \u2013 you may be able to use Right to Buy instead
    • ", + "
  • you have \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019
    • ", + "

    Discounts

    ", + "

    You can get a discount of between \u00a39,000 and \u00a316,000 on the price of your property.

    ", + "

    The amount of discount you\u2019ll get depends on where you live in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your landlord will tell you what discount you\u2019ll get when you apply to buy your home. You can also download a table of discounts, broken down by location.

    ", + "

    Your discount might be reduced if you\u2019ve used Right to Acquire or Right to Buy in the past.

    ", + "

    Applying

    ", + "
  • Fill in the Right to Acquire application form
    • ", + "
  • Send it to your landlord.
    • ", + "
  • Your landlord must say yes or no within 4 weeks of getting your application (8 weeks if they\u2019ve been your landlord for less than 3 years). If your landlord says no, they must say why. You can\u2019t appeal against the landlord\u2019s decision.
    • ", + "
  • If your landlord agrees to sell, they\u2019ll send you an offer. They must do this within 8 weeks of saying yes if you\u2019re buying a freehold property, or 12 weeks if you\u2019re buying a leasehold property.
    • ", + "

    Your landlord might offer you the choice of buying your home, or another empty one that they own. You don\u2019t have to accept the other property and your landlord doesn\u2019t have to offer you one.

    ", + "

    Your landlord\u2019s offer

    ", + "

    If your landlord agrees to sell, their offer will tell you:

    ", + "
  • the price they think you should pay for the property and how it was worked out
    • ", + "
  • your discount and how it was worked out
    • ", + "
  • a description of the property and any land included in the price
    • ", + "
  • estimates of any service charge (for a flat or maisonette) for the first 5 years
    • ", + "
  • any known problems with the property\u2019s structure, eg subsidence
    • ", + "

    Deciding to buy

    ", + "

    Once you get your landlord\u2019s offer, you have 12 weeks to tell them that you still want to buy.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t reply, the landlord will send you a reminder (called an \u2018RTA4\u2019). You\u2019ll have a reasonable time (at least 28 days) to reply. If you don\u2019t, your landlord will send a final reminder (called an \u2018RTA5\u2019). If you don\u2019t reply to that, your landlord can drop your application.

    ", + "

    You can pull out of the sale and continue to rent at any time.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the landlord\u2019s offer

    ", + "

    Contact your landlord and tell them why.

    ", + "

    If you think your landlord has set your home\u2019s market value too high, you must write to them within 3 months of getting the offer and ask for an independent valuation.

    ", + "

    A district valuer from HM Revenue & Customs will visit your home and decide how much it\u2019s worth. You have 12 weeks to accept their valuation or pull out of the sale.

    ", + "

    Selling your home

    ", + "

    If you sell your home within 10 years of buying it through Right to Acquire, you must first offer it to your old landlord.

    ", + "

    The property should be sold at the full market price agreed between you and the landlord.

    ", + "

    If you can\u2019t agree, a district valuer will say how much your home is worth and set the price. You won\u2019t have to pay for their valuation.

    ", + "

    If the landlord doesn\u2019t agree to buy your home within 8 weeks, you can sell it to anyone.

    ", + "

    Paying back your discount

    ", + "

    If you sell your home within 5 years of buying it, you\u2019ll have to pay back some or all of the discount you got.

    ", + "

    If you sell within the first year, you\u2019ll have to pay back all of the discount. On top of this, the amount you pay back depends on the value of your home when you sell it. So, if you got a 10% discount, you\u2019ll have to pay back 10% of the selling price.

    ", + "

    If you sell after the first year, the total amount you pay back reduces. You pay back:

    ", + "
  • 80% of the discount in the second year
    • ", + "
  • 60% of the discount in the third year
    • ", + "
  • 40% of the discount in the fourth year
    • ", + "
  • 20% of the discount in the fifth year
    • ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    The Money Advice Service offers free, impartial advice about money, including buying a home and taking out a mortgage.

    ", + "

    You can also get advice on Right to Acquire from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • ", + "
  • your local Law Centre
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Right to Buy: buying your council home", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-buy-buying-your-council-home", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Right to Buy allows most council tenants to buy their council home at a discount. Use the eligibility checker on the Own Your Home website to find out if you can apply.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You can apply to buy your council home if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s your only or main home
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s self-contained
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a secure tenant
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord (for example, a council, housing association or NHS trust) for 3 years - it does not have to be 3 years in a row
    • ", + "

    Joint applications

    ", + "

    You can make a joint application with:

    ", + "
  • someone who shares your tenancy
    • ", + "
  • up to 3 family members who\u2019ve lived with you for the past 12 months (even if they do not share your tenancy)
    • ", + "

    Ex-council homes

    ", + "

    If your home used to be owned by the council, but they sold it to another landlord (like a housing association) while you were living in it, you may have the Right to Buy. This is called \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019.

    ", + "

    Ask your landlord if this applies to you.

    ", + "

    Other ways to buy your home

    ", + "

    If you were not living in your home when it was sold by the council you may still be able to buy it through the Voluntary Right to Buy pilot.

    ", + "

    Discounts

    ", + "

    You can get a discount on the market value of your home when you buy it if you qualify for Right to Buy.

    ", + "

    The maximum discount is \u00a384,600 across England, except in London boroughs where it is \u00a3112,800. It will increase each year in April in line with the consumer price index (CPI).

    ", + "

    The discount is based on:

    ", + "
  • how long you\u2019ve been a tenant with a public sector landlord
    • ", + "
  • the type of property you\u2019re buying - a flat or house
    • ", + "
  • the value of your home
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying with someone else, you count the years of whoever\u2019s been a public sector tenant the longest.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to repay some or all your discount if you sell your home within 5 years.

    ", + "

    You might get a smaller discount if you\u2019ve used Right to Buy in the past.

    ", + "

    Working out the discount

    ", + "

    Use the Right to Buy calculator to find out how much discount you could get.

    ", + "

    There are different discount levels for houses and flats.

    ", + "

    Houses

    ", + "

    You get a 35% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, the discount goes up 1% for every extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).

    ", + "

    Flats

    ", + "

    You get a 50% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, the discount goes up by 2% for each extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).

    ", + "

    If your landlord has spent money on your home

    ", + "

    Your discount will be less if your landlord has spent money building or maintaining your home:

    ", + "
  • in the last 10 years - if your landlord built or acquired your home before 2 April 2012
    • ", + "
  • in the last 15 years - if you\u2019re buying your home through Preserved Right to Buy, or if your landlord acquired your home after 2 April 2012
    • ", + "

    You will not get any discount if your landlord has spent more money than your home is now worth.

    ", + "

    Applying

    ", + "
  • Fill in the Right to Buy application form (RTB1 notice).
    • ", + "
  • Send it to your landlord.
    • ", + "
  • Your landlord must say yes or no within 4 weeks of getting your application (8 weeks if they\u2019ve been your landlord for less than 3 years). If your landlord says no, they must say why.
    • ", + "
  • If your landlord agrees to sell, they\u2019ll send you an offer. They must do this within 8 weeks of saying yes if you\u2019re buying a freehold property, or 12 weeks if you\u2019re buying a leasehold property.
    • ", + "

    Your landlord's offer

    ", + "

    If your landlord agrees to sell, their offer will tell you:

    ", + "
  • the price they think you should pay for the property and how it was worked out
    • ", + "
  • your discount and how it was worked out
    • ", + "
  • a description of the property and any land included in the price
    • ", + "
  • estimates of any service charges (for a flat or maisonette) for the first 5 years
    • ", + "
  • any known problems with the property\u2019s structure, for example, subsidence
    • ", + "

    Deciding to buy

    ", + "

    You have 12 weeks after you get your landlord\u2019s offer to tell them you still want to buy.

    ", + "

    The landlord will send you a reminder if you do not reply to the offer. You have 28 days to reply to the reminder, or the landlord could drop your application.

    ", + "

    You can pull out of the sale and continue to rent at any time.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the landlord\u2019s offer

    ", + "

    Contact your landlord and tell them why.

    ", + "

    If you think your landlord has set your home\u2019s market value too high, you must write to them within 3 months of getting the offer and ask them for an independent valuation.

    ", + "

    A district valuer from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will then visit your home and decide how much it\u2019s worth. You have 12 weeks to accept their valuation or pull out of the sale.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can appeal to a tribunal if you\u2019re stopped from buying your home because it\u2019s suitable for housing elderly people.

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 56 days of the council turning down your application.

    ", + "

    Delays

    ", + "

    Your landlord must complete parts of your Right to Buy application within set time limits.

    ", + "

    You could get a reduction in the sale price if they do not.

    ", + "

    Applying for a reduction because of a delay

    ", + "

    Fill in the \u2018Initial notice of delay\u2019 form (RTB6) and send it to your landlord.

    ", + "

    Your landlord must then either move the sale along within 1 month or send you a \u2018counter notice\u2019. The counter notice will say that they\u2019ve already replied or explain why they cannot speed things up.

    ", + "

    If your landlord does not reply within a month of getting the RTB6, fill in the \u2018Operative notice of delay\u2019 form (RTB8). This means that any rent you pay while you\u2019re waiting to hear from your landlord could be taken off the sale price.

    ", + "

    You can do this each time your landlord is late getting back to you.

    ", + "

    Selling your home

    ", + "

    If you sell your home within 10 years of buying it through Right to Buy, you must first offer it to either:

    ", + "
  • your old landlord
    • ", + "
  • another social landlord in the area
    • ", + "

    The property should be sold at the full market price agreed between you and the landlord.

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree, a district valuer will say how much your home is worth and set the price. You will not have to pay for their valuation.

    ", + "

    You can sell your home to anyone if the landlord does not agree to buy it within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    Paying back your discount

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay back some or all of the discount you got if you sell your Right to Buy home within 5 years of buying it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay back all of the discount if you sell within the first year. After that, the total amount you pay back reduces to:

    ", + "
  • 80% of the discount in the second year
    • ", + "
  • 60% of the discount in the third year
    • ", + "
  • 40% of the discount in the fourth year
    • ", + "
  • 20% of the discount in the fifth year
    • ", + "

    The amount you pay back depends on the value of your home when you sell it.

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay back the discount if you transfer ownership of your home to a member of your family. You\u2019ll need to agree this first with your landlord and then get a solicitor to do this for you.

    ", + "

    Rural homes

    ", + "

    Your former landlord may limit who you can sell your home to if your home is in:

    ", + "
  • a national park
    • ", + "
  • an area of outstanding natural beauty
    • ", + "
  • an area the government says is rural for Right to Buy
    • ", + "

    For example, you may have to sell your home to someone who\u2019s lived or worked in the area for more than 3 years. This may mean you have difficulty getting a mortgage to buy your home.

    ", + "

    Your landlord will tell you if this could apply to your home when you apply for Right to Buy.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    You can get free advice about:

    ", + "
  • how to complete your Right to Buy application
    • ", + "
  • whether the scheme is right for you
    • ", + "
  • how much it will cost you
    • ", + "
  • your eligibility
    • ", + "

    Ask your landlord about Right to Buy. They may also be able to help you complete the application form.

    ", + "

    Right to Buy Agent service

    ", + "

    The Right to Buy Agent service offers free advice on things like:

    ", + "
  • the Right to Buy process
    • ", + "
  • eligibility
    • ", + "
  • filling out your application form
    • ", + "
  • where you can get financial and legal advice
    • ", + "
  • what to do if your application is delayed
    • ", + "

    Money Advice Service

    ", + "

    The Money Advice Service offers free, impartial advice about money, including buying a home and taking out a mortgage.

    ", + "

    Other help

    ", + "

    Read the Right to Buy summary booklet and the Right to Buy guidance.

    ", + "

    You can also get advice on Right to Buy from:

    ", + "
  • the Own Your Home website
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • ", + "
  • your local Law Centre
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a decision about a tree preservation order", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-about-tree-order", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your council makes decisions about work on trees protected by preservation orders.

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you applied to cut down or carry out work on a protected tree and:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with the decision
    • ", + "
  • a decision was not made within 8 weeks
    • ", + "

    You can also appeal if you disagree with a tree replacement notice you\u2019ve been given.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    You must appeal:

    ", + "
  • within 28 days of the date on the council\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "
  • before the date the tree replacement notice comes into effect
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no deadline if you\u2019re appealing because your application was not decided within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    Once your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 27 weeks.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Fill in a tree preservation order appeal form or a tree replacement notice appeal form.

    ", + "

    You also need:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the council\u2019s decision or notice
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal
    • ", + "

    Email these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    Their decision about your appeal will be based on:

    ", + "
  • the information you send
    • ", + "
  • a site visit
    • ", + "
  • your council\u2019s documents, for example the tree preservation order
    • ", + "

    Your case officer will write to you if they need more information.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally get a decision within 27 weeks.

    ", + "

    Interested parties

    ", + "

    The council may decide to contact anyone who commented on your original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019). Your case officer will consider the statements any interested parties made.

    ", + "

    Interested parties cannot make any further comments during the appeal but can withdraw their original statement.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. However, you might have to pay another party\u2019s costs too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a decision about consent to display an advertisement", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-consent-display-advertisement", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority makes decisions about displaying an advertisement or sign on your house or building.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against a decision about consent to display an advertisement if you disagree with it.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision, you must appeal within 8 weeks of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been sent a discontinuation notice, you\u2019ll need to appeal before the date given on the notice.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.

    ", + "

    Check how long appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.

    ", + "

    You also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "
  • all plans, drawings and documents you sent to the local planning authority
    • ", + "
  • any letters or emails between you and the local planning authority
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds of appeal.

    ", + "

    You can upload these documents when you appeal.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    No-one can comment on a planning appeal about displaying an advertisement or sign.

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. They have to do this within 2 weeks of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a high hedges decision", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-high-hedges-decision", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your council makes decisions about high hedges.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against a high hedge remedial notice or the council\u2019s decision not to issue one if you either:

    ", + "
  • complained to the council about the hedge
    • ", + "
  • own, rent or occupy the land that the hedge is on
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 28 days of:

    ", + "
  • the remedial notice
    • ", + "
  • your council\u2019s decision either to take no action, or to change an existing remedial notice (withdraw, waive or relax)
    • ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    Once your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 34 weeks.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Fill in a high hedges appeal form.

    ", + "

    You also need:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the council\u2019s decision
    • ", + "
  • the remedial notice (if the council have issued one)
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal
    • ", + "

    Email these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    Your appeal will be decided based on the information you send and a site visit. Your case officer will write to you if they require additional information.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally get a decision within 34 weeks.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a householder planning decision", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-householder-planning-decision", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority makes decisions about householder planning applications.

    ", + "

    You can appeal a householder planning decision if you disagree with it.

    ", + "

    Householder planning applications cover small projects like extensions and loft conversions. There\u2019s a different process to appeal a full planning decision.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision, you must appeal within 12 weeks of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.

    ", + "

    The deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice. You must appeal within 28 days of the notice.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.

    ", + "

    Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.

    ", + "

    You also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • the site ownership certificate
    • ", + "
  • the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal.

    ", + "

    You can upload these documents when you appeal.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    No-one can comment on a householder planning appeal.

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal.

    ", + "

    They have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a listed building consent decision", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-listed-building-consent-decision", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority makes decisions about listed building consent applications. You can appeal a decision if either:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with it
    • ", + "
  • the decision was not made within 8 weeks (13 weeks for a major development, for example 10 or more dwellings or a building of more than 1,000 square metres)
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 6 months of either:

    ", + "
  • the date of the decision
    • ", + "
  • when the decision was due, if you did not get one within 8 weeks (13 weeks for a major development)
    • ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.

    ", + "

    Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.

    ", + "

    You also need to send a copy of your appeal and your supporting documents to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must submit:

    ", + "
  • a copy of your listed building consent application form and all documents you sent with your application
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the site ownership certificate
    • ", + "
  • site plans
    • ", + "
  • any correspondence with your local planning authority
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example boundary maps
    • ", + "

    You can upload these documents when you appeal.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on a listed building consent appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal. The deadline for comments is 5 weeks after the start date of the appeal.

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. They have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a minor commercial development decision", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-minor-commercial-development-decision", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority makes decisions on applications about minor commercial developments, for example ground floor alterations like shop fronts and security shutters.

    ", + "

    You can appeal a minor commercial development decision if you disagree with it.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 12 weeks of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.

    ", + "

    The deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice - you must appeal within 28 days of the notice.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.

    ", + "

    You also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • the site ownership certificate
    • ", + "
  • the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit:

    ", + "
  • a map of the surrounding area
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal
    • ", + "

    You can upload these documents when you appeal.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    No-one can comment on a minor commercial development decision appeal.

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal.

    ", + "

    They have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a planning decision", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-planning-decision", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority makes decisions on planning applications.

    ", + "

    You can appeal a planning decision if either:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with it
    • ", + "
  • the decision was not made within 8 weeks (13 weeks for a major development, such as 10 or more dwellings or a building of more than 1,000 square metres)
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process to appeal a householder planning decision for a smaller project like an extension, conservatory or loft conversion.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision, you must appeal within 6 months of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.

    ", + "

    If they did not make a decision within 8 weeks, you can appeal up to 6 months after the decision was due.

    ", + "

    The deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice - you must appeal within 28 days of the notice.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.

    ", + "

    Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.

    ", + "

    You need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • the site ownership certificate
    • ", + "
  • the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice - if they did not make a decision, submit a copy of the letter acknowledging your application
    • ", + "
  • all plans, drawings and documents you sent to the local planning authority
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit:

    ", + "
  • a map of the surrounding area
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your full statement of case
    • ", + "

    You can upload these documents when you appeal.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on a planning appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal.

    ", + "

    The deadline for comments is 5 weeks after the start date of the appeal, or 6 weeks after the date on the local planning authority\u2019s enforcement notice.

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal.

    ", + "

    They have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal an enforcement notice", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-enforcement-notice", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority may send you an enforcement notice if you\u2019ve built or changed something without planning permission.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against an enforcement notice if you own, rent or lawfully occupy the property or land it applies to.

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on an appeal.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing, unless you also apply for planning permission.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    Your appeal must be received before the date the enforcement notice takes effect.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.

    ", + "

    Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one enforcement notice you must make a separate appeal for each. Each person should appeal separately.

    ", + "

    You also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit:

    ", + "
  • a copy of your enforcement notice
    • ", + "
  • a plan (if there is one)
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal
    • ", + "

    You can upload these documents when you appeal.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on an enforcement notice appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal.

    ", + "

    The deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.

    ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you the start date, what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Organising a street party", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/organise-street-party", + "contents": [ + "

    Telling your local council

    ", + "

    Street parties on quiet streets that don\u2019t affect the wider road network count as small events. If you\u2019re planning a small event for neighbours, apply to hold a street party through your local council.

    ", + "

    Tell your council about your event 4 to 12 weeks before it happens.

    ", + "

    Tell your council:

    ", + "
  • the date and time of the party or event
    • ", + "
  • whether or not you want to close a road or section of road, and its name
    • ", + "
  • if the road is part of a bus route or used by through traffic
    • ", + "
  • a list of any properties or businesses affected
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019ve consulted neighbours
    • ", + "

    Smaller events

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to tell the council if you hold a smaller event.

    ", + "

    Closing a road

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get permission from your local council to close a road. Some local councils will lend you signs and cones, or you can hire or buy signs. The Street Party site gives advice on road closures.

    ", + "

    Make sure that the emergency services can still get down the street if they need to.

    ", + "

    If your party is on a bus route, the bus company will want to know about it in advance.

    ", + "

    Some councils will contact emergency services and transport providers for you, but others expect you to do it.

    ", + "

    Licences

    ", + "

    Alcohol and food

    ", + "

    A licence isn\u2019t needed if you\u2019re going to provide alcohol for free at your event.

    ", + "

    To sell alcohol you\u2019ll need a \u2018temporary events notice\u2019 which costs \u00a321. You can get one from your local council.

    ", + "

    Food can be served and sold up to 11pm without a licence. If you want to serve or sell it after 11pm, contact your council.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a licence to give alcoholic beverages away as prizes, like a bottle of champagne for a winning raffle ticket, but there are rules about what can be given away. Contact your council for more information.

    ", + "

    Music

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a music licence, whether the music is live or prerecorded, as long as your street party is a private party for residents and you haven\u2019t advertised the music to make money or attract people.

    ", + "

    Raffles and tombolas

    ", + "

    Gambling regulations don\u2019t apply if tombola or raffle tickets are sold on the day and the prizes aren\u2019t worth more than \u00a3500 in total.

    ", + "

    If tickets are sold in advance or your prizes are worth more than \u00a3500 contact your local council as you might have to register your raffle as a lottery.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Understand how your council works", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/understand-how-your-council-works", + "contents": [ + "

    Types of council

    ", + "

    This guide relates to councils in England. Find information about councils in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Many parts of England have 2 tiers of local government:

    ", + "
  • county councils
    • ", + "
  • district, borough or city councils
    • ", + "

    In some parts of the country, there\u2019s just 1 (unitary) tier of local government providing all the local services. The 3 main types are:

    ", + "
  • unitary authorities in shire areas
    • ", + "
  • London boroughs
    • ", + "
  • metropolitan boroughs
    • ", + "

    County councils

    ", + "

    These are responsible for services across the whole of a county, like:

    ", + "
  • education
    • ", + "
  • transport
    • ", + "
  • planning
    • ", + "
  • fire and public safety
    • ", + "
  • social care
    • ", + "
  • libraries
    • ", + "
  • waste management
    • ", + "
  • trading standards
    • ", + "

    District, borough and city councils

    ", + "

    These cover a smaller area than county councils. They\u2019re usually responsible for services like:

    ", + "
  • rubbish collection
    • ", + "
  • recycling
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax collections
    • ", + "
  • housing
    • ", + "
  • planning applications
    • ", + "

    Unitary authorities and London and metropolitan boroughs

    ", + "

    In some parts of the country, 1 tier of local government provides all the local services listed above.

    ", + "

    In London and metropolitan areas some services, like fire, police and public transport, are provided through \u2018joint authorities\u2019 (in London by the Greater London Authority).

    ", + "

    Parish, community and town councils

    ", + "

    These operate at a level below district and borough councils and in some cases, unitary authorities.

    ", + "

    They\u2019re elected and can help on a number of local issues, like providing:

    ", + "
  • allotments
    • ", + "
  • public clocks
    • ", + "
  • bus shelters
    • ", + "
  • community centres
    • ", + "
  • play areas and play equipment
    • ", + "
  • grants to help local organisations
    • ", + "
  • consultation on neighbourhood planning
    • ", + "

    They also have the power to issue fixed penalty fines for things like:

    ", + "
  • litter
    • ", + "
  • graffiti
    • ", + "
  • fly posting
    • ", + "
  • dog offences
    • ", + "

    Decision making

    ", + "

    The full council (a meeting of all council members) is responsible for all decisions. But in practice, most of the work is given to smaller groups of councillors or council officers (paid staff).

    ", + "

    Every council must publish:

    ", + "
  • details of when key decisions will be taken
    • ", + "
  • papers of meetings \u2013 at least 5 working days beforehand
    • ", + "
  • minutes of meetings \u2013 showing the decisions that were made
    • ", + "

    You can view council meeting agendas, minutes and reports on your council\u2019s website.

    ", + "

    You can also attend most council meetings, although usually you won\u2019t be able to speak at them.

    ", + "

    Mayors

    ", + "

    Many councils have a civic mayor or chairman of the council. They carry out ceremonial duties and chair meetings, but can\u2019t make decisions about council business.

    ", + "

    Some councils have an elected mayor. They\u2019re responsible for the day-to-day running of local services.

    ", + "

    Councils can have both elected and civic mayors.

    ", + "

    Spending and accounts

    ", + "

    Many local councils provide information on their websites to show how they spend their budget.

    ", + "

    You can view details of:

    ", + "
  • payments for goods and services over \u00a3500
    • ", + "
  • contracts and tenders over \u00a3500
    • ", + "

    Looking at annual accounts

    ", + "

    Every year councils must open their detailed financial accounts to the public for 30 working days.

    ", + "

    This allows you to check any spending under \u00a3500 without having to make a freedom of information request.

    ", + "

    Your council must publish on its website and in the local press details of when you can check its accounts.

    ", + "

    Local councillors and elections

    ", + "

    Local councillors are elected for 4-year terms by the local community to represent its views.

    ", + "

    You can contact your local councillor online or by going to an advice surgery.

    ", + "

    When local elections are held

    ", + "

    Elections to councils are normally held on the first Thursday in May.

    ", + "

    Some councils elect all of their councillors at the same time. Other councils elect half or a third of their councillors at each election. Read about the election timetable in England.

    ", + "

    You can find out more about local council elections from the Local Government Boundary Commission for England.

    ", + "

    Declaring interests

    ", + "

    All local councillors have to declare any interests, gifts or hospitality they get that could influence decisions they make.

    ", + "

    Your local council must publish details of these. You can usually access them on your council\u2019s website or at the town hall.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    If you feel that a council service hasn\u2019t been properly delivered, you can make an official complaint.

    ", + "
  • Complain to the council service provider.
    • ", + "
  • If you\u2019re still not happy, complain to your council\u2019s complaints officer.
    • ", + "
  • If this doesn\u2019t resolve the issue, you may be able to get the Local Government Ombudsman to look into it.
    • ", + "

    The Ombudsman considers complaints if you\u2019ve suffered because of:

    ", + "
  • the way a council service has been given
    • ", + "
  • how a decision has been made
    • ", + "

    The Ombudsman usually only considers your complaint once it\u2019s been through your local council\u2019s complaints procedure.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Controlling your dog in public", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/control-dog-public", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    It\u2019s against the law to let a dog be dangerously out of control anywhere, such as:

    ", + "
  • in a public place
    • ", + "
  • in a private place, for example a neighbour\u2019s house or garden
    • ", + "
  • in the owner\u2019s home
    • ", + "

    The law applies to all dogs.

    ", + "

    Some types of dogs are banned.

    ", + "

    Out of control

    ", + "

    Your dog is considered dangerously out of control if it:

    ", + "
  • injures someone
    • ", + "
  • makes someone worried that it might injure them
    • ", + "

    A court could also decide that your dog is dangerously out of control if either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it attacks someone\u2019s animal
    • ", + "
  • the owner of an animal thinks they could be injured if they tried to stop your dog attacking their animal
    • ", + "

    A farmer is allowed to kill your dog if it\u2019s worrying their livestock.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    You can get an unlimited fine or be sent to prison for up to 6 months (or both) if your dog is dangerously out of control. You may not be allowed to own a dog in the future and your dog may be destroyed.

    ", + "

    If you let your dog injure someone you can be sent to prison for up to 5 years or fined (or both). If you deliberately use your dog to injure someone you could be charged with \u2018malicious wounding\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you allow your dog to kill someone you can be sent to prison for up to 14 years or get an unlimited fine (or both).

    ", + "

    If you allow your dog to injure an assistance dog (for example a guide dog) you can be sent to prison for up to 3 years or fined (or both).

    ", + "

    Banned dogs

    ", + "

    In the UK, it\u2019s against the law to own certain types of dog. These are the:

    ", + "
  • Pit Bull Terrier
    • ", + "
  • Japanese Tosa
    • ", + "
  • Dogo Argentino
    • ", + "
  • Fila Brasileiro
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s also against the law to:

    ", + "
  • sell a banned dog
    • ", + "
  • abandon a banned dog
    • ", + "
  • give away a banned dog
    • ", + "
  • breed from a banned dog
    • ", + "

    Whether your dog is a banned type depends on what it looks like, rather than its breed or name.

    ", + "

    If you have a banned dog

    ", + "

    If you have a banned dog, the police or local council dog warden can take it away and keep it, even if:

    ", + "
  • it is not acting dangerously
    • ", + "
  • there has not been a complaint
    • ", + "

    The police may need permission from a court to do this.

    ", + "

    If your dog is in:

    ", + "
  • a public place, the police do not need a warrant
    • ", + "
  • a private place, the police must get a warrant
    • ", + "
  • a private place and the police have a warrant for something else (like a drugs search), they can seize your dog
    • ", + "

    A police or council dog expert will judge what type of dog you have and whether it is (or could be) a danger to the public. Your dog will then either be:

    ", + "
  • released
    • ", + "
  • kept in kennels while the police (or council) apply to a court
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re not allowed to visit your dog while you wait for the court decision.

    ", + "

    You can give up ownership of your dog but you cannot be forced to. If you do, your dog could be destroyed without you even going to court.

    ", + "

    Going to court

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to prove your dog is not a banned type.

    ", + "

    If you prove this, the court will order the dog to be returned to you. If you cannot prove it (or you plead guilty), you\u2019ll be convicted of a crime.

    ", + "

    You can get an unlimited fine or be sent to prison for up to 6 months (or both) for having a banned dog against the law. Your dog will also be destroyed.

    ", + "

    Index of Exempted Dogs (IED)

    ", + "

    If your dog is banned but the court thinks it\u2019s not a danger to the public, it may put it on the IED and let you keep it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a Certificate of Exemption. This is valid for the life of the dog.

    ", + "

    Your dog must be:

    ", + "
  • neutered
    • ", + "
  • microchipped
    • ", + "
  • kept on a lead and muzzled at all times when in public
    • ", + "
  • kept in a secure place so it cannot escape
    • ", + "

    As the owner, you must:

    ", + "
  • take out insurance against your dog injuring other people
    • ", + "
  • be aged over 16
    • ", + "
  • show the Certificate of Exemption when asked by a police officer or council dog warden, either at the time or within 5 days
    • ", + "
  • let the IED know if you change address, or your dog dies
    • ", + "

    Public Spaces Protection Orders

    ", + "

    Some public areas in England and Wales are covered by Public Spaces Protection Orders (PSPOs) - previously called Dog Control Orders (DCOs).

    ", + "

    In public areas with PSPOs, you may have to:

    ", + "
  • keep your dog on a lead
    • ", + "
  • put your dog on a lead if told to by a police officer, police community support officer or someone from the council
    • ", + "
  • stop your dog going to certain places - like farmland or parts of a park
    • ", + "
  • limit the number of dogs you have with you (this applies to professional dog walkers too)
    • ", + "
  • clear up after your dog
    • ", + "
  • carry a poop scoop and disposable bags
    • ", + "

    You can report dog fouling to your local council.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    If you ignore a PSPO, you can be fined:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3100 on the spot (a \u2018Fixed Penalty Notice\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • up to \u00a31,000 if it goes to court
    • ", + "

    PSPOs in your area

    ", + "

    Local councils must let the public know where PSPOs are in place.

    ", + "

    If the council plans to put a new PSPO in place, it must put up a notice and publish it on its website.

    ", + "

    The notice must tell you:

    ", + "
  • where the new PSPO will apply
    • ", + "
  • if there\u2019s a map and where you can see it
    • ", + "

    Report a dog

    ", + "

    Anyone can report a dog and their owner to the police.

    ", + "

    You can report a dangerous dog to your council\u2019s dog warden service.

    ", + "

    You can also report dog fouling to your local council.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Getting and using a horse passport", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/horse-passport", + "contents": [ + "

    When you need a horse passport

    ", + "

    You must have a horse passport (sometimes called an \u2018equine passport\u2019) for each animal if you keep any of the following:

    ", + "
  • horses
    • ", + "
  • ponies
    • ", + "
  • donkeys and asses
    • ", + "
  • zebras
    • ", + "
  • mules, hinnies or other hybrids
    • ", + "

    The passport is a document that:

    ", + "
  • describes the animal, for example by breed, colour, species
    • ", + "
  • lists all vaccinations
    • ", + "
  • names the registered owner
    • ", + "

    You only need a passport for semi-wild ponies on Dartmoor, Exmoor, Wicken Fen or in the New Forest if they\u2019re not free to roam in these areas (for example, if you sometimes keep them enclosed on your land) or you have them treated by a vet.

    ", + "

    Use your horse passport

    ", + "

    You must keep a valid horse passport with your animal at all times. This includes at its stable or when you move it.

    ", + "

    You need to provide your horse\u2019s passport:

    ", + "
  • when a vet examines or treats your animal - the medication your animal can get depends on how it\u2019s categorised on its passport
    • ", + "
  • if an animal health inspector, trading standards inspector or other enforcement officer asks to see it
    • ", + "
  • when you sell or give the animal to someone else
    • ", + "

    You could get a fine if you cannot show a valid horse passport for an animal in your care.

    ", + "

    If you buy a horse

    ", + "

    Contact the Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO) within 30 days to update the passport ownership details.

    ", + "

    If the seller does not give you the horse\u2019s passport, contact your local trading standards office for advice.

    ", + "

    You might need to take additional steps if you import a horse from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    When your horse dies

    ", + "

    Within 30 days of the horse\u2019s death, return its passport to the PIO that issued it. They will update their records and invalidate or destroy the passport.

    ", + "

    If the passport has been invalidated you may be able to get it sent back to you. Ask the PIO if this is possible.

    ", + "

    If your horse was born before July 2009

    ", + "

    Check if your horse is microchipped by:

    ", + "
  • looking at its passport
    • ", + "
  • looking at the Digital Stable or the National Chipchecker
    • ", + "
  • asking a vet to scan your horse for a microchip
    • ", + "

    If your horse does not have a microchip, you must:

    ", + "
  • get a vet to microchip it
    • ", + "
  • update the passport
    • ", + "

    In England, you can be fined if your horse is not microchipped.

    ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Apply for a horse passport

    ", + "

    If you own the horse or related animal, you must get a passport for it before it reaches 12 months of age.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Apply through a Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO). If you have a pedigree animal, you need to register through a PIO that manages studbooks.

    ", + "

    You need a vet to implant a microchip in your horse before you can apply.

    ", + "

    Send your application by whichever date is later:

    ", + "
  • 30 November of the animal\u2019s year of birth
    • ", + "
  • within 6 months of the animal\u2019s birth
    • ", + "

    Applications can take up to 6 weeks. How much you pay depends on the PIO and type of animal.

    ", + "

    A passport issued more than 12 months after birth will be treated as late. It will be issued as a duplicate or replacement passport and the animal cannot be used as food for humans.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no expiry on horse passports - they last an animal\u2019s lifetime.

    ", + "

    Update or replace a passport

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • update the passport\u2019s details if they change, for example if you have a new microchip put in your horse
    • ", + "
  • replace a passport if it gets lost
    • ", + "

    Update passport details

    ", + "

    Contact the Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO) to get your horse\u2019s passport updated.

    ", + "

    You can make updates through the Digital Stable in some instances.

    ", + "

    Replace a lost passport

    ", + "

    Contact the PIO that issued the original passport to request a duplicate or replacement.

    ", + "

    If you do not know which PIO this is, you can apply for a duplicate or replacement from another PIO. Apply to a PIO that manages studbooks if you have a pedigree.

    ", + "

    Your horse will not be used as food when it dies if it\u2019s given a duplicate or replacement passport.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re breaking the law if you apply for a replacement or duplicate passport when the original is not lost.

    ", + "

    If you find your original passport

    ", + "

    Send the passport back to the PIO that issued it. If the PIO no longer exists or is not in the UK, then send it to any appropriate UK PIO.

    ", + "

    Import or export a horse or related animal

    ", + "

    What you need to do depends on whether you\u2019re importing or exporting the horse or related animal.

    ", + "

    Importing

    ", + "

    Any horse coming into the UK must have an up-to-date horse passport. This can come from:

    ", + "
  • a UK Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO)
    • ", + "
  • an approved body from another country
    • ", + "

    If the horse will be in the UK for more than 90 days and does not have a UK horse passport, you must register the foreign passport with a UK PIO. You must apply within 30 days of the horse\u2019s arrival.

    ", + "

    Use a PIO that manages studbooks if you have a pedigree.

    ", + "

    There are limited circumstances where you do not need to register the foreign passport with a UK PIO. A PIO will tell you if one of those circumstances apply if you contact them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in England, Scotland or Wales, read more about the rules for:

    ", + "
  • importing horses from Northern Ireland, EU countries and Norway
    • ", + "
  • importing horses from any other country
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, read more about importing animals.

    ", + "

    Exporting

    ", + "

    You must keep the passport with the horse and follow the rules for:

    ", + "
  • exporting horses from England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • exporting animals from Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO) that issued the horse passport if you have any questions.

    ", + "

    If you have concerns about the conduct of PIOs

    ", + "

    Contact the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).

    ", + "

    You can also write to them.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Low flying military aircraft", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/low-flying-in-your-area", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Military low flying is used to train military aircrew. Low flying by military aircraft is carried out across all of the UK.

    ", + "

    Low flying means:

    ", + "
  • fixed-wing aircraft flying down to 250 feet from the ground
    • ", + "
  • rotary-wing aircraft (for example helicopters) flying down to 100 feet from the ground
    • ", + "

    Rotary-wing aircraft can also be authorised to go lower than 100 feet from the ground.

    ", + "

    Low flying isn\u2019t usually allowed in areas around airports, or towns and cities with populations of more than 10,000.

    ", + "

    Find out more about:

    ", + "
  • safety concerns and low flying
    • ", + "
  • noise from commercial airports
    • ", + "

    Where and when low flying happens

    ", + "

    The UK is divided into 20 separate low flying areas.

    ", + "

    Three of these areas are also known as \u2018tactical training areas\u2019. These are in:

    ", + "
  • central Wales
    • ", + "
  • northern Scotland
    • ", + "
  • the borders area of southern Scotland and northern England
    • ", + "

    Ministry of Defence (MOD) publishes a monthly timetable for the low flying tactical training areas and MOD sponsored air exercises.

    ", + "

    Air weapons ranges

    ", + "

    The Royal Air Force (RAF) currently uses 5 air weapons ranges. These are:

    ", + "
  • Donna Nook and Holbeach in Lincolnshire
    • ", + "
  • Pembrey Sands in Carmarthenshire
    • ", + "
  • Tain in Ross-shire
    • ", + "
  • Cape Wrath in Sutherland
    • ", + "

    Air weapons ranges are used for:

    ", + "
  • low flying military aircraft
    • ", + "
  • air to ground bombing
    • ", + "

    MOD publishes a monthly timetable for air weapons ranges activity. Red flags or lights, signs and sentries show when you can\u2019t go onto an air weapons range.

    ", + "

    You can also contact MOD about low flying in your area.

    ", + "

    Find out about low flying in your area

    ", + "

    Contact the Ministry of Defence (MOD) for information about low flying military aircraft in your area.

    ", + "

    Low flying in England, Wales and Scotland

    ", + "

    Contact the Low Flying Complaints and Enquiries Unit to complain or enquire about low flying in your area.

    ", + "

    To make a complaint, send the following information:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • full address and postcode
    • ", + "
  • telephone number
    • ", + "
  • date and time of the problem
    • ", + "
  • location of the problem
    • ", + "
  • type of aircraft, if known
    • ", + "
  • a brief description of your complaint
    • ", + "

    You should get a response within 20 days.

    ", + "

    Your complaint can be investigated by the Defence Flying Complaints Investigation Team if it\u2019s about serious injuries or damage.

    ", + "

    Enquiries about horse riding

    ", + "

    Call the low level advisory service if you want to ride a horse and are worried about low flying aircraft.

    ", + "

    Low flying in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Request low flying to be temporarily stopped

    ", + "

    You can apply to have low flying stopped temporarily in your area, for example if you\u2019re holding an agricultural or horse show.

    ", + "

    Contact the Ministry of Defence (MOD) to apply. They will grant your request if it doesn\u2019t significantly disturb the low flying training.

    ", + "

    When applying, make sure you include the:

    ", + "
  • name and nature of the event
    • ", + "
  • location and ordnance survey grid reference
    • ", + "
  • contact details for the people holding the event
    • ", + "
  • date and time when you would like low flying to be stopped
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Resolving neighbour disputes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-resolve-neighbour-disputes", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Follow these steps if you have a dispute with your neighbour.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "
  • Try to solve the problem informally by talking to them.
    • ", + "
  • If your neighbour is a tenant, you could contact their landlord.
    • ", + "
  • You could use a mediation service if raising the issue informally does not work.
    • ", + "
  • If the dispute involves a statutory nuisance (something like loud music or barking dogs), you can make a complaint to your local council.
    • ", + "
  • Contact the police if your neighbour is breaking the law by being violent or harassing you.
    • ", + "
  • As a last resort you can take legal action through the courts.
    • ", + "

    Talk to your neighbour

    ", + "

    Before making a formal complaint or getting others involved, try to discuss the problem with your neighbour.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about approaching them, write a letter, explaining the problem clearly and sticking to the facts.

    ", + "

    If the problem affects other neighbours, involve them as well. It can be easier to settle a dispute if the complaint comes from a number of people.

    ", + "

    A tenants\u2019 association might help if you\u2019re a member of one.

    ", + "

    Get practical advice from Citizens Advice to deal with common neighbour disputes, like noise and rubbish.

    ", + "

    Contact your neighbour's landlord

    ", + "

    If your neighbour is a tenant, you can complain to their landlord. This could be a housing association, the council or a private landlord.

    ", + "

    Use a mediation service

    ", + "

    If you cannot resolve the dispute by speaking to your neighbour, get help from a mediation service.

    ", + "

    How mediation works

    ", + "

    Mediation is when an impartial person - trained in dealing with difficult discussions between 2 opposing sides - acts like a referee in a dispute.

    ", + "

    There can be a fee for mediation, but this will still be cheaper than hiring a solicitor and taking legal action.

    ", + "

    Contact a mediation service

    ", + "

    Mediation services differ depending on where you live:

    ", + "
  • if you live in England and Wales, find a mediation provider in your area
    • ", + "
  • in Scotland, use the Scottish Mediation Network
    • ", + "
  • your council or housing association may provide a mediation service
    • ", + "

    Complain about noise to the council

    ", + "

    You can ask your local council for help if the neighbour dispute involves an activity that is damaging to health or a nuisance. This is known as a \u2018statutory nuisance\u2019.

    ", + "

    This could include:

    ", + "
  • noise (including loud music and barking dogs)
    • ", + "
  • artificial light (except street lamps)
    • ", + "
  • dust, steam, smell or insects from business premises
    • ", + "
  • smoke, fumes or gases
    • ", + "
  • a build-up of rubbish that could harm health
    • ", + "

    Your council has a duty to investigate any statutory nuisance.

    ", + "

    You should always try and solve the problem by talking to your neighbour or through mediation before contacting the council.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    If the council decides someone is causing a statutory noise nuisance they must issue a \u2018noise abatement\u2019 order. This tells the person what they must do to stop making a noise nuisance or else face further legal action.

    ", + "

    If someone breaks an abatement order about noise from their home, they can be fined up to \u00a35,000. If it\u2019s noise from a factory or business, the penalty can be up to \u00a320,000.

    ", + "

    High hedges, trees and boundaries

    ", + "

    You must try to settle a dispute about a high hedge informally before the council can intervene.

    ", + "

    Ask your council for a complaint form if the hedge is all of these:

    ", + "
  • 2 or more mostly evergreen or semi-evergreen trees or shrubs
    • ", + "
  • over 2 metres tall
    • ", + "
  • affecting your enjoyment of your home or garden because it\u2019s too tall
    • ", + "

    You might have to pay the council a fee to consider your complaint.

    ", + "

    Read more about complaining to your council about a high hedge.

    ", + "

    When you can trim hedges or trees

    ", + "

    You can trim branches or roots that cross into your property from a neighbour\u2019s property or a public road.

    ", + "

    You can only trim up to the property boundary. If you do more than this, your neighbour could take you to court for damaging their property.

    ", + "

    If you live in a conservation area, or the trees in the hedge are protected by a \u2018tree preservation order\u2019, you might need your council\u2019s permission to trim them.

    ", + "

    If your property borders a road

    ", + "

    The highways authority can ask you to cut back hedges or trees on your property if they\u2019re causing an obstruction in the road. If you refuse, they can go into your property without your permission to do the work themselves. They may charge you for this.

    ", + "

    Property damage from hedges

    ", + "

    Your neighbour is responsible for maintaining their hedges so they do not, for example, damage your property or grow too high. If they do damage your property, your neighbour may be liable.

    ", + "

    Boundaries and shared (\u2018party\u2019) walls

    ", + "

    Disputes about what is the exact boundary between 2 properties can be difficult to solve so get legal advice.

    ", + "

    You must give notice to your neighbour if you are going to do work on a shared (\u2018party\u2019) wall.

    ", + "

    The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) has free advice on boundary disputes and party walls (the walls you share with your neighbours).

    ", + "

    Call the police

    ", + "

    You should call the police if your neighbour:

    ", + "
  • is violent, threatening or abusive
    • ", + "
  • is harassing you sexually, or because of your sexuality, religion or ethnic background
    • ", + "
  • is breaking the law in any other way - or if you suspect this
    • ", + "

    Take action through the courts

    ", + "

    If all else fails, you can take legal action against a neighbour.

    ", + "

    Taking someone to court can be expensive so it should be your last resort if nothing else works. There may be court fees and you may have to pay a solicitor.

    ", + "

    Legal advice

    ", + "

    You can get free legal advice from a law centre, advice centre or Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    You can also find a lawyer who deals with a neighbour disputes.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Affordable home ownership schemes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/affordable-home-ownership-schemes", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to get financial help from the government to buy a home.

    ", + "

    You could get:

    ", + "
  • a loan to help with the cost of a new-build home if you\u2019re a first-time buyer (in England and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • a home through shared ownership (UK wide)
    • ", + "

    The Help to Buy ISA scheme closed to new accounts on 30 November 2019. You can still open a Lifetime ISA to save for a first home.

    ", + "

    Buying your council or housing association property

    ", + "

    There are also schemes for council tenants and\nhousing association tenants.

    ", + "

    Help to Buy: Equity Loan

    ", + "

    You can get an equity loan towards the cost of buying a new-build home as a first-time buyer.

    ", + "

    This guidance applies to England. There\u2019s different guidance on how to apply for an equity loan in Scotland and how to apply for an equity loan in Wales.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must be:

    ", + "
  • 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • a first-time buyer
    • ", + "
  • able to afford the fees and interest payments
    • ", + "

    You cannot get the equity loan if you have ever:

    ", + "
  • owned a home or residential land in the UK or abroad
    • ", + "
  • had any form of sharia mortgage finance
    • ", + "

    You can apply on your own or with other people. All applicants must meet the eligibility criteria.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re married, in a civil partnership, or cohabiting with your partner (and you plan on continuing to live together), you must make a joint application.

    ", + "

    The property you buy with your equity loan

    ", + "

    The property must be:

    ", + "
  • a new-build
    • ", + "
  • sold by a Help to Buy registered homebuilder
    • ", + "
  • the only home you own and live in
    • ", + "

    It must not have been lived in by anyone before you buy it.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s also a \u2018maximum property purchase price\u2019 limit for the home you buy depending on which region it\u2019s in. You can buy a home up to and including the maximum property purchase price limit.

    ", + "Region | Maximum property purchase price", + "North East | \u00a3186,100", + "North West | \u00a3224,400", + "Yorkshire and the Humber | \u00a3228,100", + "East Midlands | \u00a3261,900", + "West Midlands | \u00a3255,600", + "East of England | \u00a3407,400", + "London | \u00a3600,000", + "South East | \u00a3437,600", + "South West | \u00a3349,000", + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • pay a minimum deposit of 5% of the property purchase price
    • ", + "
  • arrange a repayment mortgage of at least 25% of the property purchase price
    • ", + "

    You can then borrow an equity loan to cover from 5% and up to 20% of the property purchase price of your newly built home. If the property is in London, you can borrow up to 40%.

    ", + "

    The equity loan percentage you borrow is used to calculate your interest and equity loan repayments.

    ", + "

    Interest payments

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay interest for the first 5 years. In the sixth year, you\u2019ll be charged interest at a rate of 1.75%. This will be applied to the equity loan amount you originally borrowed (the equity loan percentage of the property purchase price). This annual interest is spread over the year in monthly payments.

    ", + "

    The interest rate increases every year in April, by adding the Consumer Price Index (CPI) plus 2%.

    ", + "

    Your interest payments will decrease if you make a part repayment of the equity loan. This is because the amount the interest rate is applied to will reduce.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay a monthly management fee of \u00a31 when you take out the equity loan until you pay it off.

    ", + "

    If you change your equity loan, including if you remortgage or make an equity loan repayment, you\u2019ll need to pay administration fees.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay other fees associated with buying and owning a home, for example, legal and mortgage arrangement fees and for market value reports.

    ", + "

    Paying interest and fees does not count towards paying back the equity loan. If you do not keep up with payments, you may need to pay recovery costs or interest on the amount you owe.

    ", + "

    Paying back the equity loan

    ", + "

    You can pay back part or all of your equity loan at any time.

    ", + "

    Repayments are based on your equity loan percentage and the market value of your home at the time you want to make a repayment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get a market valuation report from a chartered surveyor when you make a repayment.

    ", + "

    Read more detailed guidance on repaying your equity loan.

    ", + "

    Paying back part of your equity loan

    ", + "

    The smallest repayment you can make is 10% of the market value of your home.

    ", + "

    Paying back part of your equity loan will reduce the monthly interest payments you\u2019ll need to pay from the sixth year of taking out the equity loan.

    ", + "

    Paying back all your equity loan

    ", + "

    You must repay all your equity loan when you:

    ", + "
  • reach the end of the equity loan term (normally 25 years)
    • ", + "
  • pay off your repayment mortgage
    • ", + "
  • sell your home
    • ", + "

    You may also be asked to repay the equity loan in full if you do not keep to the terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    If you sell your home, you\u2019ll pay the equity loan percentage of the market value or agreed sale price if it\u2019s higher.

    ", + "

    If you want to pay off your equity loan and you\u2019ve previously made part repayments, you\u2019ll pay the equity loan percentage you still owe of the market value.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You need to apply through the Help to Buy agent in the area where you want to buy your home.

    ", + "

    North

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for an equity loan in the north.

    ", + "

    Midlands and London

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for an equity loan in the Midlands and London.

    ", + "

    South (excluding London)

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for an equity loan in the south.

    ", + "

    Read the Homebuyers\u2019 guide to Help to Buy: Equity Loan (2021-2023).

    ", + "

    Help to Buy: Equity Loan (2013-2021)

    ", + "

    Applications for the 2013 to 2021 scheme are now closed. Read the Homebuyers\u2019 guide to Help to Buy: Equity Loan (2013-2021) for more information.

    ", + "

    Manage your Help to Buy loan

    ", + "

    Read guidance on how to:

    ", + "
  • remortgage your Help to Buy home
    • ", + "
  • make structural alterations to your Help to Buy home
    • ", + "
  • sublet your Help to Buy home
    • ", + "
  • change ownership of your Help to Buy home
    • ", + "

    Buying through shared ownership

    ", + "

    When you buy a home through a shared ownership scheme you buy a share of the property and pay rent on the rest.

    ", + "

    The share you can buy is usually between 25% and 75%. You can buy a 10% share on some homes.

    ", + "

    There are different rules on:

    ", + "
  • shared ownership in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • shared ownership in Wales
    • ", + "
  • shared ownership in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can buy a home through shared ownership if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your household earns \u00a380,000 a year or less (\u00a390,000 a year or less in London)
    • ", + "
  • you cannot afford all of the deposit and mortgage payments for a home that meets your needs
    • ", + "

    One of the following must also be true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a first-time buyer
    • ", + "
  • you used to own a home, but cannot afford to buy one now
    • ", + "
  • you own a home and want to move but cannot afford a new home suitable for your needs
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re forming a new household - for example, after a relationship breakdown
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an existing shared owner and want to move
    • ", + "

    Some shared ownership homes in a \u2018designated protected area\u2019 are only available to buy if you have a connection to the area. If you buy one of these homes, you:

    ", + "
  • may only be able to buy a share of up to 80%
    • ", + "
  • must sell it back to the landlord or a buyer nominated by the landlord - you cannot sell your home on the open market
    • ", + "

    If you own a home

    ", + "

    When you apply for shared ownership you must have:

    ", + "
  • accepted an offer for the sale of your current home (called \u2018sold subject to contract\u2019 or \u2018STC\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • written confirmation of the sale agreed (called a \u2018memorandum of sale\u2019) including the price and your intention to sell
    • ", + "

    You must have completed the sale of your home on or before the date you complete your shared ownership purchase.

    ", + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    Shared ownership properties are always leasehold properties.

    ", + "

    Older people

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re aged 55 or over you can buy up to 75% of your home through the Older People\u2019s Shared Ownership (OPSO) scheme. Once you own 75% you will not pay rent on the rest.

    ", + "

    Disabled people

    ", + "

    You can apply for a scheme called home ownership for people with a long-term disability (HOLD) if other Help to Buy scheme properties do not meet your needs, for example you need a ground-floor property.

    ", + "

    Buying more shares

    ", + "

    You can buy more of your home after you become the owner. This is known as \u2018staircasing\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can buy shares of 5% or more at any time.

    ", + "

    If you bought your house in 2021 you may also be able to buy shares of 1% each year for the first 15 years. Ask your landlord if this applies to you. You cannot buy shares of 2%, 3% or 4%.

    ", + "

    The cost of your new share will depend on how much your home is worth when you want to buy the share.

    ", + "

    It will cost:

    ", + "
  • more than your first share if property prices in your area have gone up
    • ", + "
  • less than your first share if property prices in your area have gone down
    • ", + "

    If you want to buy a share of 5% or more, you\u2019ll need to pay for a valuation by a surveyor. Your landlord will let you know whether they\u2019ll arrange the valuation or you need to arrange it yourself. The surveyor must be registered with the\u202fRoyal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS). Your landlord will tell you the price of the share after the valuation.

    ", + "

    If you want to buy a 1% share, the price will be based on the original price of your house, increased or decreased in line with the House Price Index (HPI). Your landlord will give you a HPI valuation at least once a year and whenever you ask to buy a 1% share.

    ", + "

    Selling your home

    ", + "

    If you own a share of your home, the landlord has the right to find a buyer for your home. The landlord also has the right to buy it first (known as \u2018first option to buy\u2019 or \u2018pre-emption\u2019).

    ", + "

    You can sell your share yourself if the landlord does not find a buyer and they do not want to buy it themselves.

    ", + "

    If you own 100% of your home, you can sell it yourself.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To buy a shared ownership home, you need to register with the Help to Buy agent in the area where you want to live.

    ", + "

    North

    ", + "

    Find out how to register and apply for shared ownership in the north.

    ", + "

    Midlands and London

    ", + "

    Find out how to register and apply for shared ownership in the Midlands and London.

    ", + "

    South (excluding London)

    ", + "

    Find out how to register and apply for shared ownership in the south.

    ", + "

    Help to Buy ISA

    ", + "

    You can no longer open a Help to Buy ISA.

    ", + "

    If you already have a Help to Buy ISA

    ", + "

    You can pay in up to \u00a3200 each month.

    ", + "

    The government will top up your savings by 25% (up to \u00a33,000) when you buy your first home.

    ", + "

    If you are buying with someone who also has a Help to Buy ISA, both of you will get the 25% bonus.

    ", + "

    You can pay into the ISA until November 2029. You can claim the 25% bonus until November 2030.

    ", + "

    When you buy your property

    ", + "

    The home you buy must:

    ", + "
  • have a purchase price of up to \u00a3250,000 (or up to \u00a3450,000 in London)
    • ", + "
  • be the only home you own
    • ", + "
  • be where you intend to live
    • ", + "

    Your solicitor or conveyancer will apply for the extra 25%.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay it back.

    ", + "

    You can use the scheme with an equity loan.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Buying or selling your home", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Buying or selling a home normally takes 2 to 3 months. The process can take longer if you\u2019re part of a chain of buyers and sellers.

    ", + "

    There are several steps you\u2019ll need to follow:

    ", + "
  • sellers must provide an Energy Performance Certificate for the property
    • ", + "
  • if a seller is using an estate agent, potential buyers must make any offers through the agent
    • ", + "
  • once a buyer\u2019s offer has been accepted, the seller\u2019s responsible for drawing up a legal contract to transfer ownership
    • ", + "
  • an offer is not legally binding until contracts are exchanged
    • ", + "
  • depending on the amount given for property, the buyer may have to pay tax
    • ", + "

    This guide relates to England and Wales. Shelter has advice about buying and selling a home in Scotland.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying property with someone else

    ", + "

    You can own a home with up to 3 other people. Find out more about the different types of joint property ownership.

    ", + "

    Energy Performance Certificates

    ", + "

    Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) are needed whenever a property is:

    ", + "
  • built
    • ", + "
  • sold
    • ", + "
  • rented
    • ", + "

    You must order an EPC for potential buyers and tenants before you market your property to sell or rent.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, you must display the EPC somewhere in the property, for example in the meter cupboard or next to the boiler.

    ", + "

    An EPC contains:

    ", + "
  • information about a property\u2019s energy use and typical energy costs
    • ", + "
  • recommendations about how to reduce energy use and save money
    • ", + "

    An EPC gives a property an energy efficiency rating from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient) and is valid for 10 years.

    ", + "

    Check how you could make your home more energy efficient using the Energy Savings Trust\u2019s home energy check.

    ", + "

    How to get an EPC

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to find an accredited assessor if you\u2019re selling or renting out your home in:

    ", + "
  • England, Wales and Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll assess your property and produce the certificate.

    ", + "

    You can be fined if you do not get an EPC when you need one.

    ", + "

    The person selling the house, the landlord or the letting agent must show you the EPC if you\u2019re buying or renting.

    ", + "

    Buildings that do not need an EPC

    ", + "

    These include:

    ", + "
  • places of worship
    • ", + "
  • temporary buildings that will be used for less than 2 years
    • ", + "
  • stand-alone buildings with total useful floor space of less than 50 square metres
    • ", + "
  • industrial sites, workshops and non-residential agricultural buildings that do not use a lot of energy
    • ", + "
  • some buildings that are due to be demolished
    • ", + "
  • holiday accommodation that\u2019s rented out for less than 4 months a year or is let under a licence to occupy
    • ", + "
  • listed buildings - you should get advice from your local authority conservation officer if the work would alter the building\u2019s character
    • ", + "
  • residential buildings intended to be used less than 4 months a year
    • ", + "

    See other properties\u2019 EPCs

    ", + "

    You can look at the EPCs of other properties free of charge. This lets you compare your home\u2019s energy performance with that of similar homes. You can search by the property\u2019s address or by the EPC\u2019s report reference number..

    ", + "

    You can opt out of the EPC register if you do not want other people to be able to see your EPC.

    ", + "

    Estate agents

    ", + "

    You must sign a legally binding contract with an estate agent if you use one to sell your home.

    ", + "

    You must stick to the terms of the contract or you could be taken to court.

    ", + "

    Estate agents must also treat buyers fairly. They must show any offers promptly and in writing to the person selling the house.

    ", + "

    Estate agents are also legally obliged to pass on any other offers for the property right up to when contracts are exchanged.

    ", + "

    Complain about an estate agent

    ", + "

    You must complain to the estate agent first and give them a fair chance to sort out your complaint. If they do not, you can complain to one of the following schemes:

    ", + "
  • The Property Ombudsman
    • ", + "
  • Property Redress Scheme
    • ", + "

    Ask the estate agent which scheme they belong to.

    ", + "

    Offers

    ", + "

    A buyer must make an offer through the estate agent if a home is sold through one.

    ", + "

    A buyer can make their offer directly to the seller for a private sale.

    ", + "

    Buyers can make offers verbally (over the phone or in person) or in writing.

    ", + "

    An offer is not legally binding in England and Wales until contracts are exchanged.

    ", + "

    If a buyer makes an offer \u2018subject to contract\u2019, this means the price can still be negotiated (for example if a survey finds a problem with the property).

    ", + "

    The law is different if you\u2019re making an offer for property in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Transferring ownership (conveyancing)

    ", + "

    Once the offer is accepted

    ", + "

    The seller is responsible for drawing up a legal contract to transfer ownership.

    ", + "

    The contract contains details about:

    ", + "
  • the sale price
    • ", + "
  • the property boundaries
    • ", + "
  • which fixtures and fittings (like carpets and kitchen units) are included
    • ", + "
  • any legal restrictions or rights, like public footpaths or rules about using the property
    • ", + "
  • any planning restrictions
    • ", + "
  • services to the property, like drainage and gas
    • ", + "
  • when the sale will complete
    • ", + "

    If the seller has hired a solicitor or conveyancer, they will:

    ", + "
  • draft the initial contract
    • ", + "
  • answer questions from the buyer\u2019s solicitor or conveyancer (with the seller\u2019s help)
    • ", + "
  • negotiate the details of the contract if necessary
    • ", + "

    Exchanging contracts

    ", + "

    When the buyer and seller are happy with the contract, both sides sign final copies and send them to each other.

    ", + "

    The agreement to sell and buy is legally binding once this happens. Usually neither party can pull out without paying compensation.

    ", + "

    Completion

    ", + "

    Once you exchange contracts and deal with any remaining checks the buyer has asked for:

    ", + "
  • The money is transferred from the buyer to the seller.
    • ", + "
  • The legal documents needed to transfer ownership are handed over to the buyer.
    • ", + "
  • The seller moves out and leaves the property in the state agreed in the contract.
    • ", + "
  • The seller hands over the keys to the buyer.
    • ", + "
  • The property now belongs to the buyer.
    • ", + "

    Citizens Advice has more advice about buying or selling your home.

    ", + "

    Tax

    ", + "

    You may need to pay:

    ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Land Tax when you buy a home in England
    • ", + "
  • Land Transaction Tax when you buy a home in Wales
    • ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax when you sell a home
    • ", + "

    Stamp Duty Land Tax

    ", + "

    If you buy between 8 July 2020 and 30 June 2021

    ", + "

    You pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3500,000 for the property.

    ", + "

    If you buy between 1 July 2021 and 30 September 2021

    ", + "

    You pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3250,000 for the property.

    ", + "

    If you buy from 1 October 2021

    ", + "

    You pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3125,000 for the property. This threshold also applies to any property bought before 8 July 2020.

    ", + "

    You still have to pay if you swap something of economic value for a property, for example shares or another property.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying your first home

    ", + "

    From 1 July 2021 you do not have to pay SDLT if the property is \u00a3300,000 or less.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it
    • ", + "
  • you have not let part of it out or used part of it for business only
    • ", + "
  • the grounds, including the buildings, are smaller than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre)
    • ", + "

    This is because you automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief. You do not need to do anything.

    ", + "

    If you do not meet all these criteria you may have to pay some Capital Gains Tax.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claim compensation if your property is affected by HS2", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-compensation-if-affected-by-hs2", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to sell your property to the government at its market (\u2018unblighted\u2019) value or receive a lump-sum payment if it\u2019s near the proposed High Speed Two (HS2) route.

    ", + "

    The property scheme you\u2019re eligible for depends on the location of your property and which phase of HS2 affects you.

    ", + "

    Check your location

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to find out if your property is:

    ", + "
  • in the safeguarded area
    • ", + "
  • in the rural support zone
    • ", + "
  • in the homeowner payment zone
    • ", + "
  • outside the zones
    • ", + "

    Check the route for HS2 Phase 1, HS2 Phase 2a or HS2 Phase 2b to see if your property is in one of these zones.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a safeguarded area

    ", + "

    You can apply through one of the following:

    ", + "
  • Express Purchase Scheme
    • ", + "
  • Need to Sell Scheme
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a rural support zone

    ", + "

    You can apply through one of the following:

    ", + "
  • Cash Offer or Voluntary Purchase Scheme
    • ", + "
  • Need to Sell Scheme
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a homeowner payment zone (Phase 1)

    ", + "

    You can apply for the Homeowner Payment Scheme.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply yet if you\u2019re affected by phases 2a or 2b.

    ", + "

    If you cannot sell your property because of HS2

    ", + "

    You can apply for the Need to Sell Scheme if your property is affected but:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s outside the zones and safeguarded area
    • ", + "
  • it is not covered by a scheme
    • ", + "

    Rent Back

    ", + "

    You can apply to rent and continue living in the property if you sell it to the government under one of these schemes.

    ", + "

    Contact HS2

    ", + "

    Contact HS2 if you have any questions, for example about what scheme you should apply to or the application process.

    ", + "

    You can complain to HS2 about your application, for example if you think the decision is taking too long.

    ", + "

    Express Purchase Scheme

    ", + "

    You can sell your property to the government through the Express Purchase Scheme if either:

    ", + "
  • your house or 25% of the total area of your property is inside the area marked \u2018surface safeguarding\u2019 on the \u2018safeguarding maps\u2019
    • ", + "
  • your property was in the safeguarding area (called the \u2018Extended Homeowner Protection Zone\u2019) but has since been removed - check with HS2 whether you qualify
    • ", + "

    You can still apply to sell your property with a \u2018blight notice\u2019 if you do not qualify for Express Purchase - but the government will only buy your property if it\u2019s needed for the construction of HS2.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You must be the owner occupier of a residential, agricultural or commercial property, or their \u2018personal representative\u2019 if they\u2019ve died, for example the executor of their will.

    ", + "

    Mortgage lenders (for example banks and building societies) in vacant possession of a qualifying property can apply.

    ", + "

    Your commercial property will not qualify for Express Purchase or under a blight notice if it has a rateable value of \u00a336,000 or more (\u00a344,200 inside Greater London).

    ", + "

    An owner occupier must:

    ", + "
  • be the freeholder or a leaseholder with at least 3 years left on the lease
    • ", + "
  • be living in or running a business from the property or have done so for at least 6 months in the last 18 months if the property\u2019s currently empty
    • ", + "

    You can get advice from a chartered surveyor about your eligibility.

    ", + "

    Read full guidance on eligibility.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    If you qualify the government will:

    ", + "
  • buy your property at its open market value as if HS2 was not going to be being built (known as \u2018unblighted\u2019 value)
    • ", + "
  • give you a \u2018home loss\u2019 payment equal to 10% of the property\u2019s open market value (up to \u00a364,000)
    • ", + "
  • pay reasonable expenses, for example stamp duty, surveyors\u2019 and legal fees, and removal costs
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must complete the correct blight notice to apply for Express Purchase.

    ", + "

    You must include original or certified copies of:

    ", + "
  • proof of ownership, for example Land Registry title
    • ", + "
  • proof the property was occupied for 6 months of the last 18 months, for example utility bills covering at least 6 months
    • ", + "
  • business rates bills, if you\u2019re applying for a commercial property
    • ", + "
  • plans of the property, for example Land Registry plans showing the property boundaries
    • ", + "
  • proof of representation, if applicable, for example power of attorney
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re sending a blight notice but do not qualify for Express Purchase, include a description of what you\u2019ve done to sell the property, for example copies of correspondence with estate agents.

    ", + "

    Email your completed application to HS2 with your supporting documents.

    ", + "

    You can also send your notice and supporting evidence by registered post.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 2 months.

    ", + "

    You have up to 3 years to accept the offer if your application\u2019s accepted.

    ", + "

    Track your application online

    ", + "

    HS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.

    ", + "

    You can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.

    ", + "

    If you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Follow HS2\u2019s complaints procedure if you want to complain about the service you received, for example about how long it took to reach a decision on your application or the result.

    ", + "

    Exceptional Hardship Scheme (Phase 2b)

    ", + "

    The Exceptional Hardship Scheme has now closed.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already applied

    ", + "

    If you have not received a decision, your application will automatically be transferred to the Need to Sell Scheme.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve received a decision and were successful, the purchase of your property will not be affected by the closure of the scheme.

    ", + "

    If you were unsuccessful, you may now be eligible for one of the other compensation schemes.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Follow HS2\u2019s complaints procedure if you want to complain about the service you received, for example how long it took to reach a decision on your application.

    ", + "

    Need to Sell Scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to sell your property to the government through the Need to Sell Scheme if you have a \u2018compelling reason\u2019 to sell but cannot as a direct result of the announcement of the HS2 route.

    ", + "

    Compelling reasons include unemployment, relocation for a new job or ill health - but each application is judged on its merits.

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible to ask the government to buy your property through:

    ", + "
  • statutory blight
    • ", + "
  • the Express Purchase Scheme
    • ", + "
  • the Cash Offer or Voluntary Purchase Scheme
    • ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You must be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the owner occupier of a residential, agricultural or commercial property
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018personal representative\u2019 of the owner occupier if they\u2019ve died, for example the executor of their will
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018reluctant landlord\u2019 (renting out your property because you cannot sell it)
    • ", + "

    Mortgage lenders (such as banks and building societies) in vacant possession of a qualifying property can apply.

    ", + "

    Your commercial property will not qualify for the Need to Sell Scheme if it has a rateable value of \u00a336,000 or more (\u00a344,200 inside Greater London).

    ", + "

    An owner occupier must:

    ", + "
  • be the freeholder or a leaseholder with at least 3 years left on the lease
    • ", + "
  • be living in or running a business from the property or have done so for at least 6 months in the last 18 months if the property\u2019s currently empty
    • ", + "

    Read full guidance on eligibility.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit evidence that you meet all 5 criteria:

    ", + "
  • property type
    • ", + "
  • location
    • ", + "
  • effort to sell
    • ", + "
  • no prior knowledge
    • ", + "
  • compelling reason to sell
    • ", + "

    Property type

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that the property is owner occupied, you\u2019re the personal representative, or you\u2019re acting as a \u2018reluctant landlord\u2019 who has had to rent out the property as a result of HS2.

    ", + "

    Location

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that your property is close enough to the route that it\u2019s likely to be substantially affected by HS2\u2019s construction or operation. There is no fixed distance.

    ", + "

    Effort to sell

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve tried to sell the property without success for at least 3 months.

    ", + "

    No prior knowledge

    ", + "

    You must either:

    ", + "
  • have bought or signed a lease before the publication of the HS2 route section closest to your property
    • ", + "
  • show why you could not have known about the initial proposed route, for example if the searches relating to the purchase were done before the route was announced, but the purchase was completed after
    • ", + "

    Compelling reason to sell

    ", + "

    You must give evidence of a compelling reason to sell your property now, or that you would be placed under an unreasonable burden if you were unable to sell your property in the next 3 years.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    The government will agree to buy your property for 100% of the unblighted open market value if your application is successful.

    ", + "

    The government will not cover additional costs, such as legal fees or removal costs.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Download the guidance and fill in the application form.

    ", + "

    Send it to the address on the form, along with your supporting evidence.

    ", + "

    Track your application online

    ", + "

    HS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.

    ", + "

    You can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.

    ", + "

    If you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not happy with the result

    ", + "

    You can reapply if your application is rejected, giving extra information to explain why you think the decision was wrong.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Follow HS2\u2019s complaints procedure if you want to complain about the service you received, for example how long it took to reach a decision on your application.

    ", + "

    Cash Offer or Voluntary Purchase Scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a Cash Offer if you do not want to sell your home and it\u2019s in a rural support zone.

    ", + "

    Alternatively, you can ask the government to purchase your property for its full open market value (known as \u2018unblighted\u2019 value) under the Voluntary Purchase Scheme.

    ", + "

    Cash Offer and the Voluntary Purchase Scheme only apply to properties in rural support zones. Check the Phase 1 or Phase 2 maps to see if your property is in a rural support zone.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    Your house or 25% of the total area of your property must be in the rural support zone (generally 60 to 120 metres from the route).

    ", + "

    You must be the owner occupier of a residential, agricultural or commercial property.

    ", + "

    Mortgage lenders (for example banks and building societies) can also apply for the Voluntary Purchase Scheme.

    ", + "

    Your commercial property will not qualify for Cash Offer or the Voluntary Purchase Scheme if it has a rateable value of \u00a336,000 or more (\u00a344,200 inside Greater London).

    ", + "

    An owner occupier must:

    ", + "
  • be the freeholder or a leaseholder with at least 3 years left on the lease
    • ", + "
  • be living in or running a business from the property, or have done so for at least 6 months in the last 18 months if the property is currently empty
    • ", + "
  • have bought or entered into a lease of the property before the initial preferred routes of Phases 1, 2a or 2b were announced - or show why they could not have known about it, for example if the searches relating to the purchase were undertaken before this date, but the purchase itself was completed afterwards
    • ", + "

    Read the full guidance on eligibility.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    Cash offer

    ", + "

    The cash offer is a lump-sum payment of 10% of the unblighted open market value of your property (from a minimum of \u00a330,000 to a maximum of \u00a3100,000).

    ", + "

    The government will cover your legal fees up to \u00a3500 (plus VAT) if your application is successful.

    ", + "

    Voluntary purchase

    ", + "

    If you qualify, the government will pay 100% of the unblighted open market value, as assessed by 2 independent valuers.

    ", + "

    The government will not cover additional costs, for example legal fees or removal costs.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Download the guidance and fill in the application form.

    ", + "

    Send it to the address on the form, along with your supporting evidence.

    ", + "

    Track your application online

    ", + "

    HS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.

    ", + "

    You can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.

    ", + "

    If you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Follow HS2\u2019s complaints procedure if you want to complain about the service you received, for example about how long it took to reach a decision on your application or the result.

    ", + "

    Homeowner Payment Scheme (Phase 1 and Phase 2a)

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for a payment if you live in the homeowner payment zone.

    ", + "

    Check the Phase 1 maps or Phase 2a maps to find out.

    ", + "

    Phase 2a homes will become eligible once this phase is authorised by Parliament.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    Your house or 25% of the total area of your property must be in the homeowner payment zone.

    ", + "

    You must be the owner occupier of a residential, agricultural or commercial property.

    ", + "

    An owner occupier must:

    ", + "
  • be the freeholder or a leaseholder with at least 3 years left on the lease
    • ", + "
  • be living in or running a business from the property or have done so for at least 6 months in the last 18 months if the property\u2019s currently empty
    • ", + "
  • have bought the property before 9 April 2014 for Phase 1 and before 30 November 2015 for Phase 2a when the proposals for the homeowner payment were announced
    • ", + "

    Your commercial property will not qualify for homeowner payments if it has a rateable value of \u00a336,000 or more (\u00a344,200 inside Greater London).

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    You can claim \u00a38,000 to \u00a324,000 depending on which homeowner payment band you\u2019re in.

    ", + "Distance from line of the route | Amount", + "Between 120m and 180m | \u00a324,000", + "Between 180m and 240m | \u00a316,000", + "Between 240m and 300m | \u00a38,000", + "

    You\u2019ll be eligible for the band in which your residential dwelling sits if your land is covered by more than one homeowner payment band.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for the \u00a38,000 band if your dwelling is outside the bands but your land is within them.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be eligible for the higher payment if the dwelling itself is in more than one band.

    ", + "

    Most people who receive money under the homeowner payment scheme would not have to pay tax on it.

    ", + "

    You can accept payment and still be eligible for the Need to Sell Scheme - the value of the payment (plus statutory interest) will be deducted from the purchase price.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Fill in the form and follow the instructions to apply.

    ", + "

    Track your application online

    ", + "

    HS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.

    ", + "

    You can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.

    ", + "

    If you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.

    ", + "

    Rent Back

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling your property to the government under one of the schemes\u00a0you can apply to rent it back and continue living in it.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Ask your HS2 case officer to explain the options for renting the property back from the government after it\u2019s sold.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The government will assess your property to decide whether to rent it out, based on both:

    ", + "
  • the cost of any repairs needed to make it suitable for renting
    • ", + "
  • whether the work is a good use of taxpayers\u2019 money
    • ", + "

    They will contact you to let you know if you\u2019ll be able to rent it.

    ", + "

    If you decide to rent the property, you\u2019ll pay an open market rent and get a tenancy agreement for an initial term of 6 months.

    ", + "

    The guidance has more information about Rent Back.

    ", + "

    Track your application online

    ", + "

    HS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.

    ", + "

    You can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.

    ", + "

    If you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Compensation when a road affects your property's value", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/compensation-road-property-value", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for compensation if the value of your property goes down because of pollution or disturbance from the use of a new or altered road.

    ", + "

    This is known as a \u2018Part I claim\u2019.

    ", + "

    When you can claim

    ", + "

    You can claim after a road\u2019s been open to traffic for 1 year.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "
  • Check you have a valid claim.
    • ", + "
  • Check where to send your claim.
    • ", + "

    You can make a claim yourself or use an agent (eg a professional property valuer or claims company) to claim for you.

    ", + "

    Who can claim

    ", + "

    The value of your property must have gone down by more than \u00a350 as the result of specific types of pollution or disturbance from the use of a new or altered road.

    ", + "

    What you can claim for

    ", + "

    You can only make a Part I claim because of:

    ", + "
  • noise
    • ", + "
  • vibration
    • ", + "
  • smell
    • ", + "
  • fumes
    • ", + "
  • smoke
    • ", + "
  • artificial lighting
    • ", + "
  • solid or liquid discharge on to your property
    • ", + "

    What you can\u2019t claim for

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t make a Part I claim for:

    ", + "
  • other problems caused by a road, eg losing your view, natural light or privacy (sometimes called \u2018blight\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • problems coming from another part of the road - your claim must be for the part of the road that\u2019s new or altered
    • ", + "
  • a road that\u2019s only been resurfaced
    • ", + "

    Types of property you can claim for

    ", + "

    You can usually only claim for property you own and occupy.

    ", + "

    You must own the property both:

    ", + "
  • before the road opened to traffic
    • ", + "
  • when you make your claim
    • ", + "

    You must also be able to prove you own 1 of the following:

    ", + "
  • the property\u2019s freehold
    • ", + "
  • the property\u2019s leasehold, with at least 3 years left to run on your lease on the date you make your claim
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim for property that was part of a \u2018compulsory purchase\u2019 for the construction of the road.

    ", + "

    Homes

    ", + "

    You must be living in the property when you make your claim, unless you can\u2019t because:

    ", + "
  • you let it to tenants
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s another legal reason preventing you, eg a court order
    • ", + "

    Agricultural land

    ", + "

    You must occupy the property both:

    ", + "
  • before the road opened to traffic
    • ", + "
  • when you make your claim
    • ", + "

    Business premises

    ", + "

    You must occupy the whole property, or a substantial part of it, both:

    ", + "
  • before the road opened to traffic
    • ", + "
  • when you make your claim
    • ", + "

    Your property\u2019s rateable value must be below \u00a334,800.

    ", + "

    Search by postcode to find the rateable value of your business in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Other requirements

    ", + "

    Read Highways England\u2019s guide to Part I claims to check if you need to meet other requirements.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    You usually need to make your claim to the authority responsible for the road - this is:

    ", + "
  • your local council for local roads
    • ", + "
  • Highways England for major roads, including motorways and some A roads
    • ", + "

    You need to make your claim to Connect Plus if it\u2019s for M25 widening at:

    ", + "
  • junctions 16 to 23
    • ", + "
  • junctions 27 to 30
    • ", + "

    Make a claim to Highways England

    ", + "
  • Check Part I claims notices for roads that are open for claims.
    • ", + "
  • Read the guide to Part I claims.
    • ", + "
  • Download and fill in the claim for compensation form.
    • ", + "
  • Send your claim to the Highways England.
    • ", + "

    Track your claim

    ", + "

    You can track the progress of a Part I claim you\u2019ve made to Highways England.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get information about property and land", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-information-about-property-and-land", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can get information about registered property or land in England and Wales, even if you do not own it.

    ", + "

    The type of information you can get includes the:

    ", + "
  • title register - who owns the property or land, and any rights of way
    • ", + "
  • title number - the unique number given to a property or piece of land
    • ", + "
  • title plan - the property or land\u2019s location and boundaries
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Search the land and property register

    ", + "

    Get copies of title register and title plan by searching the register.

    ", + "

    Search the land and property index map

    ", + "

    Ask for a search of the index map if a property doesn\u2019t come up on a search of the register.

    ", + "

    Get a copy of the deeds

    ", + "

    You may be able to find out current and past information about a registered property, such as its previous owners by requesting a copy of the deeds.

    ", + "

    Search property prices

    ", + "

    Get information about property prices by searching the house price index and the price paid data service.

    ", + "

    Search the register

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry holds records about most property or land sold in England or Wales since 1993, including the title register, title plan and title summary.

    ", + "

    Search the online register

    ", + "

    Search the register by address or location.

    ", + "

    If a property does not appear in a search, it may be filed under the wrong address. Ask for a search of the index map instead.

    ", + "

    Title register

    ", + "

    The title register has details about the property or land (in a PDF). It includes:

    ", + "
  • the title number
    • ", + "
  • who owns it
    • ", + "
  • what they paid for it (properties only, if available)
    • ", + "
  • any rights of way
    • ", + "
  • whether a mortgage on it has been \u2018discharged\u2019, for example paid off
    • ", + "

    Title summary

    ", + "

    The title summary (viewable online) includes:

    ", + "
  • the title number
    • ", + "
  • who owns it
    • ", + "
  • what they paid for it
    • ", + "
  • whether the property is freehold or leasehold (known as \u2018tenure\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • the lender\u2019s name and address (if there is a mortgage on the property)
    • ", + "

    The lease will have more information if the property is a leasehold.

    ", + "

    Title plan

    ", + "

    The title plan is a map showing:

    ", + "
  • the property\u2019s location
    • ", + "
  • the general boundaries - there\u2019s usually no record of exact boundaries
    • ", + "

    Buy copies of the information

    ", + "

    You can download online copies of the information for a fee but you cannot use them as proof of ownership.

    ", + "

    To get copies to use as proof of ownership (for example, in a court case) order official copies.

    ", + "

    Ordering official copies

    ", + "

    Download and fill in an application for official copies of documents and send it to HM Land Registry with your fee.

    ", + "

    Your copies will arrive in less than a week.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "Document | Fee", + "Title register (online copy) | \u00a33", + "Title plan (online copy) | \u00a32.50 (\u00a33 with VAT)", + "Title register (official copy) | \u00a37", + "Title plan (official copy) | \u00a37", + "

    Rights over adjoining land and property boundaries

    ", + "

    The title register may give you details about rights over adjoining land. Apply for a copy of the deeds if you need more information.

    ", + "

    Title plans only give general boundary information. There\u2019s usually no record of exact boundaries.

    ", + "

    Get historical title registers

    ", + "

    You may be able to find out who owned the property before the current owner from a historical title register. It can also be useful if you\u2019re trying to find out how old a property is.

    ", + "

    Ask HM Land Registry to search who owned the property for a specific date or multiple dates.

    ", + "

    For properties registered before 1993

    ", + "

    Contact HM Land Registry with the:

    ", + "
  • title number or address of the property
    • ", + "
  • date or dates you\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll search their records and tell you if they have a copy, and how to apply for it.

    ", + "

    For properties registered after 1993

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form HC1. Send the form to HM Land Registry along with \u00a37 for each date you\u2019re applying for.

    ", + "

    The results of your search will arrive in less than a week.

    ", + "

    If you do not know the date you\u2019re searching for, contact HM Land Registry.

    ", + "

    Search the index map

    ", + "

    The index map contains information on all land and property that\u2019s registered or being registered with HM Land Registry.

    ", + "

    Use it to find the title number of a property that does not appear in a search of the register.

    ", + "

    Some properties do not appear in a search of the register because the property boundaries have changed since it was registered, or the property address has been spelled incorrectly, for example.

    ", + "

    How to search

    ", + "

    You cannot search the map yourself.

    ", + "

    You should provide the address of the land or property (if it has one). If the land or property cannot be identified by the address you can provide:

    ", + "
  • a plan which clearly identifies the land or property
    • ", + "
  • an Ordnance Survey map reference for the land or property
    • ", + "

    Download and fill in the application form and send it to HM Land Registry.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will send you the search results, including the title number or numbers under which the land or property is registered. You can use them to search the register.

    ", + "

    The search will also confirm if the property or land is unregistered.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a34 to search an area covering up to 5 registered titles.

    ", + "

    If your search covers more than 5 titles, HM Land Registry will contact you with an updated fee. You\u2019ll be charged \u00a32 for groups of 10 additional titles.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    The results of your search will arrive in less than a week.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re searching the index map to apply for home rights

    ", + "

    You must write \u2018This search is being made solely for the purposes of the Family Law Act 1996\u2019 across the top of the application form.

    ", + "

    Get a copy of the deeds

    ", + "

    You may be able to find out current and past information about a registered property, such as its previous owners in the deeds.

    ", + "

    The register may give more details about rights over adjoining land.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry does not store original paper deeds.

    ", + "

    How to request a copy of the deeds

    ", + "
  • Find out if the property or land is registered.
    • ", + "
  • Pay \u00a33 to download a copy of the title register. If the deeds are marked as \u2018filed\u2019 in the register then HM Land Registry has a scanned copy.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the deeds request form using the property\u2019s title number from the title register.
    • ", + "

    Your search may return no results if HM Land Registry does not hold a scanned copy of the deeds.

    ", + "

    The deeds could be made up of several documents. Each official copy of a document costs \u00a37.

    ", + "

    Send your completed form and payment to HM Land Registry.

    ", + "

    Copies of deeds cannot be used to prove ownership, for example in a court case. Get official copies of the title register instead.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a business

    ", + "

    Register for business e-services if you\u2019re a business that needs to manage multiple searches and download multiple copies of documents.

    ", + "

    Search for property prices

    ", + "

    You can search for how much a property sold for in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    You can correct information about the sale price if you find any incorrect records.

    ", + "

    You can also search UK house price averages by region, county or local authority on the house price index.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Joint property ownership", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You must decide which type of joint ownership you want if you buy, inherit or become a trustee of a property with someone else. You tell HM Land Registry about this when you register the property.

    ", + "

    You can own a property as either \u2018joint tenants\u2019 or \u2018tenants in common\u2019.

    ", + "

    The type of ownership affects what you can do with the property if your relationship with a joint owner breaks down, or if one owner dies.

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice from someone who specialises in property.

    ", + "

    Joint tenants

    ", + "

    As joint tenants (sometimes called \u2018beneficial joint tenants\u2019):

    ", + "
  • you have equal rights to the whole property
    • ", + "
  • the property automatically goes to the other owners if you die
    • ", + "
  • you cannot pass on your ownership of the property in your will
    • ", + "

    Tenants in common

    ", + "

    As tenants in common:

    ", + "
  • you can own different shares of the property
    • ", + "
  • the property does not automatically go to the other owners if you die
    • ", + "
  • you can pass on your share of the property in your will
    • ", + "

    Change your type of ownership

    ", + "

    You can change from being either:

    ", + "
  • joint tenants to tenants in common, for example if you divorce or separate and want to leave your share of the property to someone else
    • ", + "
  • tenants in common to joint tenants, for example if you get married and want to have equal rights to the whole property
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee to do this.

    ", + "

    You can also change from sole ownership to tenants in common or joint tenants, for example, if you want to add your partner as joint owner. This is called transferring ownership.

    ", + "

    Sell the property if the other owner has lost mental capacity

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to apply to the Court of Protection if you want to sell the property but the other owner has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019.

    ", + "

    Check your ownership details

    ", + "

    You can find out what type of joint ownership you have by checking documents such as a:

    ", + "
  • property transfer
    • ", + "
  • property lease
    • ", + "
  • trust deed, also known as a \u2018declaration of trust\u2019 (a document stating an owner\u2019s share in a jointly owned property)
    • ", + "

    A solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can help you check what type of joint ownership you have if you\u2019re unsure.

    ", + "

    Your type of ownership can sometimes change without your knowledge, for example if one of the other owners goes bankrupt.

    ", + "

    Change from joint tenants to tenants in common

    ", + "

    This is called \u2018severance of joint tenancy\u2019. You should apply for a \u2018Form A restriction\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can make this change without the other owners\u2019 agreement.

    ", + "

    A solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.

    ", + "

    How to apply if the other owners do not agree to the change

    ", + "
  • Serve a written notice of the change (a \u2018notice of severance\u2019) on the other owners - a conveyancer can help you do this.
    • ", + "
  • Download and fill in form SEV to register a restriction without the other owners\u2019 agreement. You can also fill in form RX1 to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if you cannot provide any of the evidence of severance options listed in form SEV.
    • ", + "
  • Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.
    • ", + "
  • Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.
    • ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    You should include an original or certified copy of the notice of severance signed by all the owners.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get the other owners\u2019 signatures you can instead send a letter certifying that you\u2019ve done one of the following with the notice of severance:

    ", + "
  • given it to all the other owners
    • ", + "
  • left it at the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address in the UK
    • ", + "
  • sent it by registered post or recorded delivery to the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address and it has not been returned undelivered
    • ", + "

    How to apply if the other owners agree to the change

    ", + "
  • Download and fill in form SEV to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if all owners agree.
    • ", + "
  • Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.
    • ", + "
  • Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.
    • ", + "

    Where to send your application

    ", + "

    Change from tenants in common to joint tenants

    ", + "

    You need the agreement of all the other joint owners to change from being tenants in common to joint tenants.

    ", + "

    A solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "
  • Fill in a new or updated trust deed - a conveyancer can help you do this.
    • ", + "
  • Download and fill in the form to cancel a restriction, if one has been registered.
    • ", + "
  • Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.
    • ", + "
  • Send the form and documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.
    • ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    You must include one of the following:

    ", + "
  • an original or certified copy of the new or updated trust deed signed by all the owners
    • ", + "
  • a certified copy of a transfer showing that all owners with individual shares of the property have transferred these to all the beneficial joint tenants
    • ", + "
  • a certificate from your conveyancer confirming that all owners with shares of the property have signed a new trust deed
    • ", + "

    You must also include either:

    ", + "
  • a statutory declaration prepared by your conveyancer
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018statement of truth\u2019 - either one you\u2019ve prepared yourself or using form ST5
    • ", + "

    A statement of truth must be:

    ", + "
  • in writing and include the wording \u201cI believe that the facts and matters contained in this statement are true\u201d
    • ", + "
  • signed by the person who makes it
    • ", + "

    The supporting documents must prove all the following:

    ", + "
  • nobody else except the named joint owners have shares of the property
    • ", + "
  • none of the joint owners is being made bankrupt, has a charging order from creditors or is mortgaging their share of the property
    • ", + "
  • all the joint owners now own the property together as beneficial joint tenants
    • ", + "

    Where to send your application

    ", + "

    Selling when an owner has lost mental capacity

    ", + "

    You must apply to the Court of Protection if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re one of 2 or more owners of property or land
    • ", + "
  • one of the owners has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you want to sell the property or land
    • ", + "

    Losing mental capacity means someone cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made.

    ", + "

    This means that:

    ", + "
  • the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity cannot sign legally binding documents and needs help to make decisions
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll have to apply to appoint someone to take the place of the owner who\u2019s lost capacity so the sale can go ahead
    • ", + "

    Appoint someone to act on behalf of an owner

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to appoint someone to act on behalf of the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity even if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re already acting on behalf of an owner as a \u2018deputy\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the Official Solicitor is a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 for an owner
    • ", + "

    You may not need to apply if you\u2019ve got a registered power of attorney.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to find out if you need to apply.

    ", + "

    Get the forms

    ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • the Court of Protection application form (COP1) so you can appoint someone who can deal with the sale of the property
    • ", + "
  • the special undertaking by trustees (COP12)
    • ", + "
  • an information form (COP1D)
    • ", + "
  • the witness statement (COP24) - use the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to fill this in
    • ", + "
  • another witness statement (COP24) as a certificate of fitness (for example, a character reference) if you\u2019re not appointing yourself or your solicitor to act for the owner
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3365 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.

    ", + "

    Read the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.

    ", + "

    Enquiries

    ", + "

    Contact the Court of Protection for help and to find out if you need to fill in other forms.

    ", + "

    You can also write to the Court of Protection or visit the public counter.

    ", + "

    You cannot get legal advice from court staff.

    ", + "

    Send your application

    ", + "

    Send the original and one copy of each of the following to the Court of Protection:

    ", + "
  • the application forms
    • ", + "
  • witness statement
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the entries at HM Land Registry if the sale includes any registered land
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the conveyance if the property is unregistered
    • ", + "
  • any other documents and information asked for
    • ", + "

    Tell people about your application

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms, stamped with an issue date, a week after you apply.

    ", + "

    You must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) anyone named in your application (such as the person who\u2019s lost capacity) about applying within 14 days of the issue date.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance at the end of application form COP1 to find out who to tell.

    ", + "

    Send them:

    ", + "
  • a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)
    • ", + "
  • an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about this
    • ", + "

    You can tell them:

    ", + "
  • by post to their home address
    • ", + "
  • by fax
    • ", + "
  • in person
    • ", + "

    Confirm you\u2019ve told people

    ", + "

    Within 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the forms (\u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:

    ", + "
  • the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity (COP20A)
    • ", + "
  • other people named in the application (COP20B)
    • ", + "

    Send them all together to the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to find out what happens if you have to attend a Court of Protection hearing.

    ", + "

    Update the property records after you\u2019ve appointed someone to act for the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity.

    ", + "

    If your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing

    ", + "

    You can ask for a decision to be reconsidered if your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in application form COP9.

    ", + "

    Send the original, one copy of the form and any documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    You must apply within 21 days of the decision being made.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free.

    ", + "

    If your application is rejected and you had a hearing

    ", + "

    You can appeal the decision if your application is rejected and you had an oral hearing.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the appellant\u2019s notice (COP35).

    ", + "

    Send it and any other documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    You must apply within 21 days of the decision being made or within the time limit set by the judge who rejected your application.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3320 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.

    ", + "

    Read the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.

    ", + "

    Emergency applications

    ", + "

    Contact the Court of Protection to make an emergency application, for example to stop someone who lacks mental capacity being removed from where they live.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Leasehold property", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leasehold-property", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You only own a leasehold property for a fixed period of time.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have a legal agreement with the landlord (sometimes known as the \u2018freeholder\u2019) called a \u2018lease\u2019. This tells you how many years you\u2019ll own the property.

    ", + "

    Ownership of the property returns to the landlord when the lease comes to an end.

    ", + "

    Most flats are leasehold. Houses can be leasehold too and usually are if they\u2019re bought through a shared ownership scheme.

    ", + "

    The rules about leasehold property are different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Leaseholder rights and responsibilities

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    Your lease will tell you what conditions you\u2019ve agreed to, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you need permission to make alterations
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019ll have to pay to maintain the property
    • ", + "
  • whether you or your landlord has responsibility for repairs and dealing with noisy neighbours
    • ", + "

    You might be taken to court and be ordered to pay for any damage If you do not follow the conditions of the lease. The court may also take away your lease.

    ", + "

    Your rights

    ", + "

    You have the right to:

    ", + "
  • get information about service charges or insurance
    • ", + "
  • know the landlord\u2019s (freeholder\u2019s) name and address
    • ", + "
  • be consulted about certain maintenance and running costs
    • ", + "
  • challenge certain charges under some circumstances
    • ", + "

    Service charges and other expenses

    ", + "

    Service charges

    ", + "

    Your lease sets out the way the service charge is organised and what can be charged. If you pay a service charge, you have the right to:

    ", + "
  • ask for a summary showing how the charge is worked out and what it\u2019s spent on
    • ", + "
  • see any paperwork supporting the summary, such as receipts
    • ", + "

    Your landlord must give you this information - it\u2019s a criminal offence if they do not.

    ", + "

    Ground rent

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay ground rent unless your landlord has sent you a formal, written demand for it. They can take legal action if you do not pay after you\u2019ve received the demand.

    ", + "

    Your landlord can recover unpaid ground rent going back 6 years - they can ask you for the full amount in one go.

    ", + "

    Your landlord can only increase the ground rent if you agree to the increase or the lease says this can happen.

    ", + "

    Building insurance

    ", + "

    Your landlord will usually be responsible for insurance of the building (not the contents) - this will be part of your service charge.

    ", + "

    You have a right to:

    ", + "
  • ask for a summary of the insurance policy
    • ", + "
  • challenge the cost through a tribunal if you think it\u2019s unreasonable
    • ", + "

    Reserve or sinking funds

    ", + "

    You might have to pay into a fund to help cover any unexpected maintenance or repairs, like replacing the roof. There are rules about how landlords must manage these funds.

    ", + "

    You will not usually be able to get back any money you pay into them, for example if you move house.

    ", + "

    Consulting over charges

    ", + "

    You have the right to be consulted about charges for running or maintaining the building if you have to pay more than:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3250 for planned work
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3100 per year for work and services lasting more than 12 months
    • ", + "

    There are steps your landlord must follow when they consult you, known as a \u2018Section 20\u2019 consultation. There\u2019s a limit on how much you have to pay if you have not been consulted properly - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.

    ", + "

    Disputing a charge

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to a tribunal if you pay a charge and you:

    ", + "
  • think it\u2019s unreasonable
    • ", + "
  • think the standard of work it relates to is unsatisfactory
    • ", + "
  • do not think you should be paying it at all
    • ", + "

    Contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to the tribunal if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve agreed to pay the charge
    • ", + "
  • the dispute is already being dealt with, for example by the court
    • ", + "
  • you pay a fixed charge
    • ", + "

    Try mediation - you may also be able to change the management of your building instead.

    ", + "

    Your landlord can take you to court if you stop paying a charge you\u2019re responsible for.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    The Leasehold Advisory Service has more information on service charges and other issues.

    ", + "

    Extending, changing or ending a lease

    ", + "

    Extending the lease

    ", + "

    You can ask the landlord to extend your lease at any time.

    ", + "

    You might be able to extend your lease by:

    ", + "
  • 90 years on a flat if you qualify
    • ", + "
  • 50 years on a house if you qualify
    • ", + "

    The Leasehold Advisory Service\u2019s (LAS) lease extension calculator gives you a guide to the costs of extending the lease of a flat.

    ", + "

    Changing the lease

    ", + "

    You can negotiate certain changes to the lease, sometimes known as \u2018varying the lease\u2019. Speak to your landlord first.

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree, you may be able to apply to a tribunal - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.

    ", + "

    Ending the lease

    ", + "

    It\u2019s very rare that a landlord can end the lease and evict you. There are some circumstances and leases that let them do this, sometimes known as \u2018forfeiture proceedings\u2019. They need to send you a formal written notice and get the court\u2019s permission.

    ", + "

    You can usually end a lease by giving at least 1 month\u2019s notice.

    ", + "

    The LAS has information about ending a lease.

    ", + "

    When the lease runs out

    ", + "

    You do not have to leave the property when the lease expires. In law, a lease is a tenancy and the leaseholder is a tenant. The tenancy will continue on exactly the same terms unless you or the landlord decide to end it.

    ", + "

    Buying the freehold

    ", + "

    You can ask the landlord to sell you the freehold at any time.

    ", + "

    There are different legal steps and rules depending on whether your home is a:

    ", + "
  • flat - you\u2019ll need to buy a share of the freehold
    • ", + "
  • house - you may have the right to buy the freehold
    • ", + "

    Right of first refusal

    ", + "

    Landlords who want to sell the freehold of a building containing flats usually have to offer the leaseholders the first chance to buy it. This is known as your right of first refusal.

    ", + "

    There are different rules and steps to buying the freehold of your home in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Right to Manage and management disputes

    ", + "

    You may be able to change the management of your building if you\u2019re unhappy with the way it\u2019s being run and you live in a leasehold flat. You can either:

    ", + "
  • ask a tribunal to appoint a new manager
    • ", + "
  • take over the management responsibilities, known as your \u2018Right to Manage\u2019
    • ", + "

    Appoint a new manager

    ", + "

    You must prove bad management if you want to appoint a new manager, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have to pay unreasonable service charges
    • ", + "
  • the landlord has not complied with an approved code of management practice
    • ", + "

    Apply to a tribunal in England, or the Leasehold Valuation Tribunals in Wales.

    ", + "

    You can only apply to the tribunal if you\u2019ve sent the landlord a \u2018Section 22 notice\u2019 - this gives them a chance to fix the problems. Contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.

    ", + "

    Right to Manage

    ", + "

    The Right to Manage lets you and the other leaseholders take over certain management responsibilities from the landlord without having to prove bad management.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to find out if you qualify - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.

    ", + "

    You and the other leaseholders can manage the building yourselves or pay a managing agent to do it.

    ", + "

    Leasehold disputes

    ", + "

    There is a different dispute process in Wales.

    ", + "

    You can use a mediation service to help you and your landlord come to an agreement if you are in dispute about your lease. You might have to pay a fee.

    ", + "

    You can also get free advice from the Leasehold Advisory Service (LAS) on issues like:

    ", + "
  • service charges
    • ", + "
  • extending your lease
    • ", + "
  • buying the freehold
    • ", + "

    Apply to a tribunal

    ", + "

    You can apply to a tribunal if you\u2019re in a dispute with your landlord, for example:

    ", + "
  • service or administration charges
    • ", + "
  • the cost of building insurance
    • ", + "
  • appointment of a manager
    • ", + "
  • Right to Manage
    • ", + "
  • breach of a lease
    • ", + "
  • varying a lease
    • ", + "
  • recognising a tenants\u2019 association
    • ", + "
  • buying the freehold
    • ", + "
  • extending the lease
    • ", + "

    Apply to the Leasehold Valuation Tribunals if you\u2019re in Wales.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Private renting", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting", + "contents": [ + "

    Your rights and responsibilities

    ", + "

    You have certain rights and responsibilities if you\u2019re a tenant in privately rented property.

    ", + "

    Your rights

    ", + "

    As a tenant, you have the right to:

    ", + "
  • live in a property that\u2019s safe and in a good state of repair
    • ", + "
  • have your deposit returned when the tenancy ends - and in some circumstances have it protected
    • ", + "
  • challenge excessively high charges
    • ", + "
  • know who your landlord is
    • ", + "
  • live in the property undisturbed
    • ", + "
  • see an Energy Performance Certificate for the property
    • ", + "
  • be protected from unfair eviction and unfair rent
    • ", + "
  • have a written agreement if you have a fixed-term tenancy of more than 3 years
    • ", + "

    If you have a tenancy agreement, it should be fair and comply with the law.

    ", + "

    If you do not know who your landlord is, write to the person or company you pay rent to. Your landlord can be fined If they do not give you this information within 21 days.

    ", + "

    When you start a new tenancy

    ", + "

    When you start a new assured or short assured tenancy, your landlord must give you:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the How to rent guide if you live in England
    • ", + "
  • a tenant information pack if you live in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You should give your landlord access to the property to inspect it or carry out repairs. Your landlord has to give you at least 24 hours\u2019 notice and visit at a reasonable time of day, unless it\u2019s an emergency and they need immediate access.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus has not changed these rules, so you should work with your landlord to make sure that any visits are for an urgent reason (for example, you do not have hot water, heating or toilet facilities). Follow NHS guidelines if the visit must happen.

    ", + "

    You can read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • take good care of the property, for example turn off the water at the mains if you\u2019re away in cold weather
    • ", + "
  • pay the agreed rent, even if repairs are needed or you\u2019re in dispute with your landlord
    • ", + "
  • pay other charges as agreed with the landlord, for example Council Tax or utility bills
    • ", + "
  • repair or pay for any damage caused by you, your family or friends
    • ", + "
  • only sublet a property if the tenancy agreement or your landlord allows it
    • ", + "

    Coronavirus has not changed your responsibilities - continue to pay rent to the best of your ability and speak to your landlord if you cannot.

    ", + "

    Your landlord has the right to take legal action to evict you if you do not meet your responsibilities.

    ", + "

    If your landlord lives outside the UK

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your landlord lives outside the UK and you pay \u00a3100 or more a week in rent directly to them.

    ", + "

    You may have to deduct tax from your rent under HMRC\u2019s \u2018non-resident landlord scheme\u2019.

    ", + "

    Document checks

    ", + "

    You must prove that you have a right to rent property in England if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • starting a tenancy on or after 1 February 2016.
    • ", + "
  • renting it as your main home.
    • ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You will not have to prove your right to rent if you live in:

    ", + "
  • student accommodation, for example halls of residence
    • ", + "
  • accommodation provided by your employer as part of your job or training
    • ", + "
  • social housing
    • ", + "
  • accommodation provided by the council
    • ", + "
  • hostels and refuges
    • ", + "
  • a care home, hospital or hospice
    • ", + "
  • accommodation with a lease of 7 or more years
    • ", + "

    Check the full list of exemptions from the right to rent property checks.

    ", + "

    What your landlord must do

    ", + "

    Your landlord (or letting agent) must:

    ", + "
  • check your documents to make sure you have the right to rent a property in England
    • ", + "
  • check the documents of any other adults living in the property
    • ", + "
  • make copies of your documents and keep them until you leave the property
    • ", + "
  • return your original documents to you once they\u2019ve finished the check
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) there are temporary changes to the way your landlord can check documents. They might ask you to share your documents digitally and do the checks on a video call.

    ", + "

    Read the list of acceptable documents.

    ", + "

    Your landlord must not discriminate against you, for example because of your nationality.

    ", + "

    If you cannot prove your right to rent

    ", + "

    You will not be able to rent property if you cannot provide the acceptable documents.

    ", + "

    If the Home Office has your documents

    ", + "

    If the Home Office has your documents because of an outstanding case or appeal, ask your landlord to check with the Home Office.

    ", + "

    Give your landlord your Home Office reference number to do the check.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances mean you can still rent in the UK

    ", + "

    In some circumstances, you can still rent even if you are not allowed to stay in the UK, for example if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a victim of slavery
    • ", + "
  • using the Home Office\u2019s voluntary departure scheme
    • ", + "

    Check with the Home Office team that\u2019s dealing with your case.

    ", + "

    Your landlord will have to check with the Home Office.

    ", + "

    Repeat checks

    ", + "

    You will not have a further check if you stay in the same property and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re British
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • you have no time limit on your right to stay in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your landlord will have to make a repeat check if there\u2019s a time limit on your right to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your landlord will ask to see your documents again just before your permission to stay runs out, or after 12 months, whichever is longer.

    ", + "

    Your landlord's safety responsibilities

    ", + "

    Your landlord must keep the property you live in safe and free from health hazards.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus has not changed these rules, so you should work with your landlord to make sure that any necessary checks happen safely. Follow NHS guidelines if a visit must happen in person.

    ", + "

    Gas safety

    ", + "

    Your landlord must:

    ", + "
  • make sure gas equipment they supply is safely installed and maintained by a Gas Safe registered engineer
    • ", + "
  • have a registered engineer do an annual gas safety check on each appliance and flue
    • ", + "
  • give you a copy of the gas safety check record before you move in, or within 28 days of the check
    • ", + "

    Electrical safety

    ", + "

    Your landlord must make sure:

    ", + "
  • the electrical system is safe, for example sockets and light fittings
    • ", + "
  • all appliances they supply are safe, for example cookers and kettles
    • ", + "

    Fire safety

    ", + "

    Your landlord must:

    ", + "
  • follow safety regulations
    • ", + "
  • provide a smoke alarm on each storey and a carbon monoxide alarm in any room with a solid fuel burning appliance (for example a coal fire or wood burning stove)
    • ", + "
  • check you have access to escape routes at all times
    • ", + "
  • make sure the furniture and furnishings they supply are fire safe
    • ", + "
  • provide fire alarms and extinguishers if the property is a large house in multiple occupation (HMO)
    • ", + "

    Repairs

    ", + "

    What your landlord must do

    ", + "

    Your landlord is always responsible for repairs to:

    ", + "
  • the property\u2019s structure and exterior
    • ", + "
  • basins, sinks, baths and other sanitary fittings including pipes and drains
    • ", + "
  • heating and hot water
    • ", + "
  • gas appliances, pipes, flues and ventilation
    • ", + "
  • electrical wiring
    • ", + "
  • any damage they cause by attempting repairs
    • ", + "

    Your landlord is usually responsible for repairing common areas, for example staircases in blocks of flats. Check your tenancy agreement if you\u2019re unsure.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You should only carry out repairs if the tenancy agreement says you can.

    ", + "

    You cannot be forced to do repairs that are your landlord\u2019s responsibility.

    ", + "

    If you damage another tenant\u2019s flat, for example if water leaks into another flat from an overflowing bath, you\u2019re responsible for paying for the repairs. You\u2019re also responsible for paying to put right any damage caused by your family and friends.

    ", + "

    If your property needs repairs

    ", + "

    Contact your landlord if you think repairs are needed. Do this straight away for faults that could damage health, for example faulty electrical wiring.

    ", + "

    Your landlord should tell you when you can expect the repairs to be done. You should carry on paying rent while you\u2019re waiting.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus has not changed these rules, so you should work with your landlord to make sure that any urgent repairs happen safely. Follow NHS guidelines if the repair must happen.

    ", + "

    If repairs are not done

    ", + "

    Contact the environmental health department at your local council for help. They must take action if they think the problems could harm you or cause a nuisance to others.

    ", + "

    Contact the Private Rented Housing Panel (PRHP) if you\u2019re in Scotland.

    ", + "

    If your house is not fit to live in

    ", + "

    If you think your home\u2019s unsafe, contact housing department at your local council. They\u2019ll do a Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) assessment and must take action if they think your home has serious health and safety hazards.

    ", + "

    There are different:

    ", + "
  • housing standards and procedures in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • housing standards and procedures in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Rent increases

    ", + "

    Your tenancy agreement should include how and when the rent will be reviewed.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for increasing protected (sometimes known as \u2018regulated\u2019) tenancy rents.

    ", + "

    When your landlord can increase rent

    ", + "

    For a periodic tenancy (rolling on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis) your landlord cannot normally increase the rent more than once a year without your agreement.

    ", + "

    For a fixed-term tenancy (running for a set period) your landlord can only increase the rent if you agree. If you do not agree, the rent can only be increased when the fixed term ends.

    ", + "

    General rules around rent increases

    ", + "

    For any tenancy:

    ", + "
  • your landlord must get your permission if they want to increase the rent by more than previously agreed
    • ", + "
  • the rent increase must be fair and realistic, which means in line with average local rents
    • ", + "

    How your landlord must propose a rent increase

    ", + "

    If the tenancy agreement lays down a procedure for increasing rent, your landlord must stick to this. Otherwise, your landlord can:

    ", + "
  • renew your tenancy agreement at the end of the fixed term, but with an increased rent
    • ", + "
  • agree a rent increase with you and produce a written record of the agreement that you both sign
    • ", + "
  • use a \u2018Landlord\u2019s notice proposing a new rent\u2019 form, which increases the rent after the fixed term has ended
    • ", + "

    Your landlord must give you a minimum of one month\u2019s notice (if you pay rent weekly or monthly). If you have a yearly tenancy, they must give you 6 months\u2019 notice.

    ", + "

    Rent disputes

    ", + "

    You can apply to a tribunal to decide on certain rent disputes in England.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to:

    ", + "
  • solve rent disputes in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • solve rent disputes in Wales
    • ", + "
  • solve rent disputes in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Rent increase

    ", + "

    You can only apply to the tribunal if:

    ", + "
  • you have an assured or assured shorthold tenancy
    • ", + "
  • your rent\u2019s been increased as part of a \u2018section 13 procedure\u2019 - the letter from your landlord will say if it has, and will tell you more about applying to the tribunal
    • ", + "

    You must apply before the new rent is due to start.

    ", + "

    New rental terms

    ", + "

    You can ask the tribunal to decide new rental terms when you renew your tenancy.

    ", + "

    Rent set by rent officer

    ", + "

    Contact the Valuation Office Agency if you have a regulated or protected tenancy.

    ", + "

    If a rent officer has set your rent before, the only way to increase it is to have a rent officer set a new rent. If a rent officer has not set your rent before, they can set a rent limit. The landlord cannot charge more.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against a rent officer\u2019s decision. They may pass your case to a tribunal, which can make a final decision on the rent.

    ", + "

    If you think your rent is high when you start a tenancy

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to the tribunal. Contact Citizens Advice for advice.

    ", + "

    You must apply within 6 weeks of moving in.

    ", + "

    Rent arrears

    ", + "

    Your landlord can evict you if you fall behind with your rent - you could lose your home.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) has not changed this, but there are new rules that mean your landlord must give you at least 6 months\u2019 notice if they plan to evict you, unless you owe at least 6 months\u2019 rent. Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    If you are unable to pay your rent due to coronavirus, speak to your landlord as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    You can get advice if you\u2019re in rent arrears or having difficulty paying your rent from:

    ", + "
  • Money Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "

    Deposits

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a deposit before you move in. Contact your local council about possible rent or deposit guarantee schemes if you\u2019re having difficulty paying the deposit.

    ", + "

    Deposit protection

    ", + "

    Your landlord must put your deposit in a government-approved tenancy deposit protection scheme if you have an assured shorthold tenancy (AST) that started after 6 April 2007 (in England and Wales).

    ", + "

    Deposit disputes

    ", + "

    Contact the tenancy deposit protection scheme your landlord used if you cannot get your deposit back.

    ", + "

    Houses in multiple occupation

    ", + "

    Your home is a house in multiple occupation (HMO) if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • at least 3 tenants live there, forming more than 1 household
    • ", + "
  • you share toilet, bathroom or kitchen facilities with other tenants
    • ", + "

    Your home is a large HMO if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • at least 5 tenants live there, forming more than 1 household
    • ", + "
  • you share toilet, bathroom or kitchen facilities with other tenants
    • ", + "

    A household is either a single person or members of the same family who live together. A family includes people who are:

    ", + "
  • married or living together - including people in same-sex relationships
    • ", + "
  • relatives or half-relatives, for example grandparents, aunts, uncles, siblings
    • ", + "
  • step-parents and step-children
    • ", + "

    Standards, obligations and how to complain

    ", + "

    If you live in a large HMO, your landlord must meet certain standards and obligations. Find out more about HMOs from Shelter.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to report hazards in your HMO. The council is responsible for enforcing HMO standards and can make a landlord take action to correct any problems.

    ", + "

    Reclaim rent

    ", + "

    All large HMOs need a licence from the local council.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to a tribunal to reclaim some of your rent if your landlord has been prosecuted by the council for running an unlicensed HMO.

    ", + "

    HMOs and coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    If you live in an HMO, you and all the other residents should:

    ", + "
  • follow the general guidance about staying at home and social distancing
    • ", + "
  • behave in the same way as a single household if one of you has symptoms of coronavirus (COVID-19)
    • ", + "
  • make sure all shared areas are cleaned regularly and kept well ventilated
    • ", + "

    Anti-social behaviour

    ", + "

    Report anti-social behaviour to your local council.

    ", + "

    Your council can take over the management of a property to stop anti-social behaviour.

    ", + "

    It can also create a \u2018selective licensing scheme\u2019 if people in several houses in an area are behaving anti-socially. All landlords of properties in that area must then have a licence to show they\u2019re meeting minimum standards.

    ", + "

    Changes to a regulated tenancy

    ", + "

    There are special rules for changing rents and terms for regulated tenancies (usually starting before 15 January 1989).

    ", + "

    When your landlord can increase rent

    ", + "

    Your landlord can only increase the rent up to the registered rent, which is the legal maximum set by a rent officer from the Valuation Office Agency (VOA). This is sometimes called \u2018fair rent\u2019.

    ", + "

    Check the register of rents to find out if the rent is registered and how much it is.

    ", + "

    You or your landlord can ask the VOA to review the rent so that it remains fair, usually every 2 years. You can request it sooner if there\u2019s a major change to the home (for example, repairs or improvements).

    ", + "

    Fill in the fair rent review form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    If your rent increases

    ", + "

    Your landlord must serve you a notice of increase of rent in writing. It must include details of the changes, for example how much the rent will increase by and when it will start.

    ", + "

    Your landlord can do this with an official notice of increase form, which they can get from legal stationers.

    ", + "

    An increase in rent may be backdated to the date of the notice, but it cannot be backdated by more than 4 weeks or to earlier than the date it\u2019s registered.

    ", + "

    If you think a registered rent increase is too high

    ", + "

    You can appeal against the VOA\u2019s decision to increase a registered rent by writing to the rent officer within 28 days of receiving it. You can appeal later but only if you have a good reason for the delay, for example if you\u2019ve been in hospital.

    ", + "

    The registered rent may be reconsidered by a tribunal - it will make a final decision on the rent limit for the property.

    ", + "

    Cancel a registered rent

    ", + "

    Download and fill in an application form to cancel a registered rent and send it to the address on the form (for example, if the tenancy stops being regulated, or you and your landlord agree to cancel it).

    ", + "

    It may take up to 6 weeks to cancel a registered rent.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Follow these steps if you have a problem with your landlord:

    ", + "
  • Complain to your landlord - they should have a complaints policy that you can follow.
    • ", + "
  • Make a complaint to a \u2018designated person\u2019 (your MP, a local councillor or a tenant panel) if you cannot resolve the problem with your landlord.
    • ", + "
  • Contact your council or local authority if you and your landlord still cannot resolve the problem.
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Private renting for tenants: tenancy agreements", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting-tenancy-agreements", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A tenancy agreement is a contract between you and a landlord.

    ", + "

    It lets you live in a property as long as you pay rent and follow the rules. It also sets out the legal terms and conditions of your tenancy. It can be written down or oral (a spoken agreement).

    ", + "

    A tenancy can either be:

    ", + "
  • fixed-term (running for a set period of time)
    • ", + "
  • periodic (running on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis)
    • ", + "

    Rights and responsibilities

    ", + "

    Both you and your landlord have certain rights and responsibilities, whether or not you have a tenancy agreement.

    ", + "

    Tenancy types

    ", + "

    Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)

    ", + "

    The most common form of tenancy is an AST. Most new tenancies are automatically this type.

    ", + "

    A tenancy can be an AST if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the property you rent is private
    • ", + "
  • your tenancy started on or after 15 January 1989
    • ", + "
  • the property is your main accommodation
    • ", + "
  • your landlord does not live in the property
    • ", + "

    A tenancy cannot be an AST if:

    ", + "
  • it began or was agreed before 15 January 1989
    • ", + "
  • the rent is more than \u00a3100,000 a year
    • ", + "
  • the rent is less than \u00a3250 a year (less than \u00a31,000 in London)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a business tenancy or tenancy of licensed premises
    • ", + "
  • the property is a holiday let
    • ", + "
  • your landlord is a local council
    • ", + "

    Other tenancies

    ", + "

    There are other tenancies that are not as common as ASTs, including:

    ", + "

    Excluded tenancies or licences

    ", + "

    You may have an excluded tenancy or licence if you lodge with your landlord and share rooms with them, like a kitchen or bathroom. You\u2019ll usually have less protection from eviction with this type of agreement.

    ", + "

    Assured tenancies

    ", + "

    Tenancies starting between 15 January 1989 and 27 February 1997 may be assured. You\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction with this type of agreement.

    ", + "

    Regulated tenancies

    ", + "

    Tenancies starting before 15 January 1989 may be regulated. You\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction and can apply for a \u2018fair rent\u2019.

    ", + "

    Shelter has information on the different types of private tenancies and a tenancy checker so you can check which tenancy you have.

    ", + "

    What should be in a tenancy agreement

    ", + "

    A tenancy agreement should include:

    ", + "
  • the names of all people involved
    • ", + "
  • the rental price and how it\u2019s paid
    • ", + "
  • information on how and when the rent will be reviewed
    • ", + "
  • the deposit amount and how it will be protected
    • ", + "
  • details of when the deposit can be fully or partly withheld (for example to repair damage you\u2019ve caused)
    • ", + "
  • the property address
    • ", + "
  • the start and end date of the tenancy
    • ", + "
  • any tenant or landlord obligations
    • ", + "
  • an outline of bills you\u2019re responsible for
    • ", + "

    It can also include information on:

    ", + "
  • whether the tenancy can be ended early and how this can be done
    • ", + "
  • who\u2019s responsible for minor repairs (other than those that the landlord is legally responsible for)
    • ", + "
  • whether the property can be let to someone else (sublet) or have lodgers
    • ", + "

    The terms of the tenancy must be fair and comply with the law.

    ", + "

    Your tenancy agreement cannot have anything in it that may indirectly discriminate against you.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice before signing an agreement if you\u2019re unsure of any terms. Once you\u2019re happy with it, sign the agreement and get a copy of it.

    ", + "

    Citizens Advice has a guide on tenancy agreements.

    ", + "

    Changes to tenancy agreements

    ", + "

    Both you and your landlord must agree in order to change the terms of the tenancy agreement.

    ", + "

    Preventing discrimination

    ", + "

    You cannot be discriminated against or harassed by your landlord because of:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • gender
    • ", + "
  • sexual orientation
    • ", + "
  • disability (or because of something connected with your disability)
    • ", + "
  • religion or belief
    • ", + "
  • race
    • ", + "
  • being a transgender person
    • ", + "
  • being pregnant or having a baby
    • ", + "

    How to end your tenancy

    ", + "

    Tenancies

    ", + "

    You can read the guidance on moving house during the coronavirus outbreak.

    ", + "

    Your tenancy agreement should say how much notice you need to give your landlord before you leave the property.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for paying rent for your entire fixed-term tenancy. You can move out early without paying rent for the full tenancy if:

    ", + "
  • there is a break clause in your tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • your landlord agrees to end the tenancy early
    • ", + "

    Shelter has information about ending a tenancy.

    ", + "

    Licence agreements

    ", + "

    If your licence automatically runs out after a specific date and you want to end the agreement, you should let your landlord know this before your licence runs out.

    ", + "

    If your landlord wants to end your tenancy

    ", + "

    If your landlord wants you to leave, they must give you notice in a particular way, including certain information and warnings. This depends on the type of tenancy agreement and its terms.

    ", + "

    Some rules about length of notice have changed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)

    ", + "

    Your landlord can take back their property without giving any reason if you have either:

    ", + "
  • a periodic tenancy
    • ", + "
  • a fixed-term tenancy that has ended
    • ", + "

    To do this, both of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve protected your deposit in a deposit protection scheme
    • ", + "
  • the date you must leave is at least 6 months after your original tenancy began (the one you had on first moving in)
    • ", + "

    How much notice your landlord must give

    ", + "

    They must give you written notice that they want the property back (\u2018notice to quit\u2019). They must give you:

    ", + "
  • 2 months if they gave you notice before 26 March 2020
    • ", + "
  • 3 months if they gave you notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020
    • ", + "
  • 6 months if they gave you notice on or after 29 August 2020
    • ", + "

    This change is because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    The notice must tell you the date you have to leave.

    ", + "

    If your tenancy started or was renewed after 1 October 2015

    ", + "

    Your landlord cannot evict you if they\u2019ve been served notice by the council because of a complaint you made to the council about the living conditions in the property.

    ", + "

    Your landlord must also have given you:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the leaflet \u2018How to rent: the checklist for renting in England\u2019
    • ", + "
  • an energy performance certificate
    • ", + "
  • a gas safety certificate
    • ", + "

    In England, they must use \u2018form 6a\u2019 to give you notice. This is also known as \u2018Notice seeking possession of a property let on an Assured Shorthold Tenancy\u2019. In Wales, they do not need to use form 6a but must give you notice in writing.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to leave during the fixed term

    ", + "

    Your landlord can only ask you to leave during the fixed term if they have certain reasons (\u2018grounds\u2019). For example, if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re behind with your rent payments (\u2018in arrears\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve used the property for illegal purposes, like selling drugs
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve damaged the property
    • ", + "

    Usually, the notice period they must give varies up to 2 months.

    ", + "

    If you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must give you 3 months to leave the property.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 29 August 2020, your landlord must give you 6 months to leave. You might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.

    ", + "

    In Wales, the notice period must be:

    ", + "
  • at least 6 months for any notice given on or after 24 July 2020
    • ", + "
  • at least 3 months for notices relating to antisocial behaviour
    • ", + "

    This is because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    Assured tenancies

    ", + "

    Your landlord will need to use one of the reasons or \u2018grounds\u2019 for possession in the Housing Act 1988.

    ", + "

    Excluded tenancies or licences

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll often have an excluded tenancy or licence if you live with your landlord as a lodger and share rooms with them.

    ", + "

    Your landlord only needs to give \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. Usually this means the length of the rental payment period \u2013 so if you pay rent monthly, you\u2019ll get one month\u2019s notice.

    ", + "

    The notice does not have to be in writing.

    ", + "

    Non-excluded tenancy or licence

    ", + "

    Your landlord can end the let at any time by serving a written \u2018notice to quit\u2019. The notice period will depend on the tenancy or agreement, but is often at least 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    Break clauses

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a break clause in the tenancy agreement, your landlord can give you notice after this. However, your landlord does not have a guaranteed right to possession during the first 6 months of the tenancy.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave the property

    ", + "

    Your landlord cannot remove you by force. If the notice period expires and you do not leave the property, your landlord may start the process of eviction through the courts.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Registering land or property with HM Land Registry", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "contents": [ + "

    When you must register

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You must register all land or property with HM Land Registry if you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • bought it
    • ", + "
  • been given it
    • ", + "
  • inherited it
    • ", + "
  • received it in exchange for other property or land
    • ", + "
  • mortgaged the property
    • ", + "

    You do not usually need to register leasehold land or property if there are 7 years or less on the lease when you take ownership.

    ", + "

    You must register your land with the Rural Land Register as well as HM Land Registry if you own agricultural land.

    ", + "

    Your property might not be registered if you owned it before 1990 and have not mortgaged it since. Check if your property\u2019s registered.

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Land Registry if you transfer ownership of your registered property to someone else.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019re registered

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry publishes information online about most registered property, including:

    ", + "
  • the names of owners
    • ", + "
  • the price paid for the property
    • ", + "
  • a plan of the property\u2019s boundaries
    • ", + "

    You cannot opt out of your property information being published.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry only deals with land and property in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    Register your land or property with Registers of Scotland.

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Register your land or property with Land and Property Services.

    ", + "

    Register for the first time

    ", + "

    Land or property must be registered for the first time if it\u2019s unregistered when you take ownership of it or mortgage it.

    ", + "

    Even if you do not have to register, registering voluntarily:

    ", + "
  • gives you proof of ownership
    • ", + "
  • helps protect your land from fraud
    • ", + "
  • makes it easier to change, sell or give your property away in the future
    • ", + "

    You can register property yourself or get a solicitor or conveyancer to do it for you.

    ", + "

    Register land or property for the first time

    ", + "
  • Search the register to make sure your property is not already registered.
    • ", + "
  • Apply for a search from the Land Charges Department to search against all previous owners since 1925. They will send you the results.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in an application for first registration.
    • ", + "
  • Prepare a scale plan showing where the land is outlined, if it\u2019s not shown in the deeds.
    • ", + "
  • Find the forms you need depending on your circumstances and fill out 2 copies of the list of documents form.
    • ", + "
  • Find out the correct registration fee - this depends on the value of your property.
    • ", + "
  • Send your documents, forms and fee to HM Land Registry.
    • ", + "

    If you bought the property

    ", + "

    Include the same forms as for registering for the first time and a \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form.

    ", + "

    If you inherited the property

    ", + "

    Include the same forms as for registering for the first time and include either:

    ", + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • ", + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • ", + "

    Contact HM Land Registry if you\u2019re unsure which form you need.

    ", + "

    Other documents you may need

    ", + "

    You may also need to send:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • ", + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • ", + "
  • a certified copy of the lease, if you\u2019re applying to register leasehold land or property
    • ", + "

    Transfer ownership of your property

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Land Registry when you change the registered owner of your property, for example if you\u2019re transferring it into another person\u2019s name, or if you want to add your partner as a joint owner.

    ", + "
  • Download and fill in an application to change the register.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in either a \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form, if you\u2019re transferring your whole property, or a \u2018transfer of part of registered title\u2019 form if you\u2019re only transferring part of your property.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in a certificate of identity for a private individual.
    • ", + "
  • Find out the correct fee. Use the \u2018Scale 2 fees\u2019 if you\u2019re transferring ownership of a property without selling it, for example as inheritance. Use the Land Registry fee calculator if you\u2019re transferring part or all of a property as a sale.
    • ", + "
  • Send your documents, forms and fee to HM Land Registry.
    • ", + "

    Update or correct the register

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Land Registry if anything in the register changes or it is incorrect.

    ", + "

    Update or correct contact addresses

    ", + "

    You can register up to 3 addresses (including email and non-UK addresses) with HM Land Registry for each property.

    ", + "

    To change your contact details or those of other owners or agents send a request to update registered owners\u2019 contact address. You do not have to pay anything to do this.

    ", + "

    Change your name

    ", + "

    You must send HM Land Registry an application to change the register when you change your name. You do not have to pay anything to do this.

    ", + "

    How to apply depends on which documents you can send that prove your name has changed. You\u2019ll get back any official certificates you send in after the register has been updated.

    ", + "

    Use application form AP1 if you have any of the following documents:

    ", + "
  • an official or certified copy of a certificate showing the name change, such as a marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "
  • a copy of a deed poll
    • ", + "
  • a statement of truth
    • ", + "
  • a statutory declaration sworn before someone able to take oaths
    • ", + "

    You must also send additional proof if you\u2019re not sending a certificate or using a conveyancer (for example a solicitor). When you send from AP1, include both:

    ", + "
  • a filled-in confirmation of identity form in your new name
    • ", + "
  • a copy of an official document in your former name, such as a passport, driving licence or utility bill
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your gender

    ", + "

    Use application form CNG if you have any of the following documents:

    ", + "
  • a gender recognition certificate
    • ", + "
  • a new birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • a letter from a UK-based medical practitioner (such as a doctor) confirming you\u2019ve changed gender
    • ", + "

    Send the completed form and one of the documents to the address on the form. You must send original documents, not copies.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re sending a gender recognition certificate, write \u2018Private and confidential\u2019 on the envelope.

    ", + "

    Returning to your original surname

    ", + "

    To return to your original surname after a divorce or dissolution of a civil partnership send HM Land Registry:

    ", + "
  • application form AP1
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "

    HM Land Registry will let you know if they need more information.

    ", + "

    Stop your previous name being seen on old documents

    ", + "

    Your previous name will still appear on any documents that were filed with HM Land Registry before you changed your name. Previous names cannot be changed but you might be able to stop them from being copied or inspected by making an exempt document application.

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a312 per document for electronic applications - only businesses and organisations can apply electronically, for example conveyancers
    • ", + "
  • \u00a325 per document for paper applications
    • ", + "

    You will need to fill in form EX1 and form EX1A.

    ", + "

    Mortgage completion

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Land Registry if a mortgage on a registered property is paid off (\u2018discharged\u2019).

    ", + "

    Usually your mortgage lender will do this for you automatically but they may send you a completed \u2018cancellation of charges\u2019 form.

    ", + "

    Once you have this, fill in an application to \u2018cancel entries relating to a charge\u2019 and a confirmation of identity form.

    ", + "

    Send all forms to the Citizen Centre.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will update your details and tell you that the register has been updated.

    ", + "

    Other changes

    ", + "

    Transfer ownership of your property if you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • sold it
    • ", + "
  • divorced or separated and want to remove an owner
    • ", + "
  • married and want to add an owner
    • ", + "
  • given the property away
    • ", + "

    Send your requests

    ", + "

    Send completed forms to the HM Land Registry Citizen Centre.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Stamp Duty Land Tax", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stamp-duty-land-tax", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) if you buy a property or land over a certain price in England and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    The tax is different if the property or land is in:

    ", + "
  • Scotland - pay Land and Buildings Transaction Tax
    • ", + "
  • Wales - pay Land Transaction Tax if the sale was completed on or after 1 April 2018
    • ", + "

    You pay the tax when you:

    ", + "
  • buy a freehold property
    • ", + "
  • buy a new or existing leasehold
    • ", + "
  • buy a property through a shared ownership scheme
    • ", + "
  • are transferred land or property in exchange for payment, for example you take on a mortgage or buy a share in a house
    • ", + "

    Thresholds

    ", + "

    The threshold is where SDLT starts to apply. If you buy a property for less than the threshold, there\u2019s no SDLT to pay.

    ", + "

    The current SDLT threshold for residential properties is \u00a3500,000. This changes on 1 July 2021.

    ", + "

    The threshold for non-residential land and properties is \u00a3150,000.

    ", + "

    Property purchases from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021

    ", + "

    The SDLT thresholds will be:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3250,000 for residential properties
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3150,000 for non-residential land and properties
    • ", + "

    The threshold for residential properties will change on 1 October 2021.

    ", + "

    Property purchases from 1 October 2021

    ", + "

    The SDLT thresholds will be:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3125,000 for residential properties
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3150,000 for non-residential land and properties
    • ", + "

    These thresholds are the same as they were before 8 July 2020.

    ", + "

    First-time buyers

    ", + "

    From 1 July 2021, you\u2019ll get a discount (relief) that means you\u2019ll pay less or no tax if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you, and anyone else you\u2019re buying with, are first-time buyers
    • ", + "
  • the purchase price is \u00a3500,000 or less
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be eligible for this discount if you bought your first home before 8 July 2020.

    ", + "

    How much you pay

    ", + "

    How much you pay depends on whether the land or property is residential or non-residential or mixed-use.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying a residential property there are different rates of SDLT if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a first-time buyer
    • ", + "
  • you already own a property and you\u2019re buying an additional property
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not a UK resident
    • ", + "

    You can use HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) Stamp Duty Land Tax calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    You may be able to reduce the amount of tax you pay by claiming relief, such as if you\u2019re a first-time buyer or purchasing more than one property (\u2018multiple dwellings\u2019).

    ", + "

    The value you pay SDLT on (the \u2018consideration\u2019)

    ", + "

    The total value you pay SDLT on (sometimes called the \u2018consideration\u2019) is usually the price you pay for the property or land.

    ", + "

    Sometimes it might include another type of payment like:

    ", + "
  • goods
    • ", + "
  • works or services
    • ", + "
  • release from a debt
    • ", + "
  • transfer of a debt, including the value of any outstanding mortgage
    • ", + "

    Find out how to work out the consideration if your situation is complicated.

    ", + "

    How and when to pay

    ", + "

    You must send an SDLT return to HMRC and pay the tax within 14 days of completion.

    ", + "

    If you have a solicitor, agent or conveyancer, they\u2019ll usually file your return and pay the tax on your behalf on the day of completion and add the amount to their fees. They\u2019ll also claim any relief you\u2019re eligible for, such as if you\u2019re a first-time buyer.

    ", + "

    If they do not do this for you, you can file a return and pay the tax yourself.

    ", + "

    There are certain situations where you do not need to send a return.

    ", + "

    You may be charged penalties and interest if you do not file your return and make your payment within 14 days of completion.

    ", + "

    Residential property rates

    ", + "

    You usually pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) on increasing portions of the property price when you buy residential property, for example a house or flat. SDLT only applies to properties over a certain value.

    ", + "

    The amount you pay depends on:

    ", + "
  • when you bought the property
    • ", + "
  • how much you paid for it
    • ", + "

    Use the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    You must send an SDLT return if you pay more than \u00a340,000 for a property - even if there\u2019s no SDLT due. There are some exemptions.

    ", + "

    Rates from 8 July 2020 to 30 June 2021

    ", + "

    You can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).

    ", + "Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate", + "Up to \u00a3500,000 | Zero", + "The next \u00a3425,000 (the portion from \u00a3500,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5%", + "The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10%", + "The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12%", + "

    Use the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    Rates from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021

    ", + "

    You can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).

    ", + "Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate", + "Up to \u00a3250,000 | Zero", + "The next \u00a3675,000 (the portion from \u00a3250,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5%", + "The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10%", + "The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12%", + "

    Use the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    Rates from 1 October 2021

    ", + "

    These rates also apply if you bought a property before 8 July 2020.

    ", + "

    You can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).

    ", + "Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate", + "Up to \u00a3125,000 | Zero", + "The next \u00a3125,000 (the portion from \u00a3125,001 to \u00a3250,000) | 2%", + "The next \u00a3675,000 (the portion from \u00a3250,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5%", + "The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10%", + "The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12%", + "

    Use the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying your first home

    ", + "

    You can claim a discount (relief) if you buy your first home before 8 July 2020 or from 1 July 2021. This means you\u2019ll pay:

    ", + "
  • no SDLT up to \u00a3300,000
    • ", + "
  • 5% SDLT on the portion from \u00a3300,001 to \u00a3500,000
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re eligible if you and anyone else you\u2019re buying with are first-time buyers.

    ", + "

    If the price is over \u00a3500,000, you follow the rules for people who\u2019ve bought a home before.

    ", + "

    New leasehold sales and transfers

    ", + "

    When you buy a new residential leasehold property you pay SDLT on the purchase price of the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) using the rates above.

    ", + "

    If the total rent over the life of the lease (known as the \u2018net present value\u2019) is more than the SDLT threshold), you\u2019ll pay SDLT at 1% on the portion of net present value over:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3500,000 for purchases from 8 July 2020 to 30 June 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3250,000 for purchases from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3125,000 for purchases from 1 October 2021
    • ", + "

    This does not apply to existing (\u2018assigned\u2019) leases.

    ", + "

    You can work out how much SDLT you\u2019ll pay for your new residential lease using HMRC\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • SDLT calculator
    • ", + "
  • guidance on leasehold purchases
    • ", + "

    Higher rates for additional properties

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay 3% on top of SDLT rates if buying a new residential property means you\u2019ll own more than one.

    ", + "

    Use the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay the higher rates if you exchanged contracts before 26 November 2015.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re replacing your main residence

    ", + "

    You will not pay the extra 3% SDLT if the property you\u2019re buying is replacing your main residence and that has already been sold.

    ", + "

    If you have not sold your main residence on the day you complete your new purchase you\u2019ll have to pay higher rates. This is because you own 2 properties.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund if you sell your previous main home within 36 months.

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you own property with someone else or already own a property outside England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If it takes longer than 36 months to sell your previous main home

    ", + "

    You may still be able to get a refund of the extra 3% SDLT if:

    ", + "
  • you purchased your new home on or after 1 January 2017
    • ", + "
  • the delay was outside your control, for example because of coronavirus (COVID-19) or a public authority blocking the sale
    • ", + "
  • you have now sold your old home
    • ", + "

    To claim a refund, write to HMRC and explain why the sale took longer than 36 months.

    ", + "

    Include:

    ", + "
  • your details
    • ", + "
  • details of the main buyer - if different to your own
    • ", + "
  • details of the property where higher rate SDLT was paid - including the address, date of purchase and SDLT unique transaction reference number
    • ", + "
  • details of the previous main residence - including the address, date of sale and SDLT unique transaction reference number
    • ", + "
  • the amount of higher rate SDLT paid
    • ", + "
  • the amount of tax you\u2019re asking for a repayment of
    • ", + "
  • a bank account and sort code for the person receiving the payment
    • ", + "

    Rates if you\u2019re not a UK resident

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not present in the UK for at least 183 days (6 months) during the 12 months before your purchase you are \u2018not a UK resident\u2019 for the purposes of SDLT.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually pay a 2% surcharge if you\u2019re buying a residential property in England or Northern Ireland on or after 1 April 2021.

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay a surcharge on certain properties, transactions or if you\u2019re a particular type of buyer. Check the rules on who has to pay the surcharge, when you do not have to pay, and if you can claim relief.

    ", + "

    If you have to pay the surcharge, you\u2019ll also have to pay any other rates of SDLT that apply, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you already own a property and you\u2019re buying an additional property
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re a first-time buyer
    • ", + "

    Use the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    Special rates

    ", + "

    There are different SDLT rules and rate calculations for:

    ", + "
  • corporate bodies
    • ", + "
  • people buying 6 or more residential properties in one transaction
    • ", + "
  • shared ownership properties
    • ", + "
  • multiple purchases or transfers between the same buyer and seller (\u2018linked purchases\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • purchases that mean you own more than one property
    • ", + "
  • companies and trusts buying residential property
    • ", + "

    Rates for non-residential and mixed land and property

    ", + "

    You pay SDLT on increasing portions of the property price (or \u2018consideration\u2019) when you pay \u00a3150,000 or more for non-residential or mixed (also known as \u2018mixed use\u2019) land or property.

    ", + "

    You must still send an SDLT return for most transactions under \u00a3150,000.

    ", + "

    Non-residential property includes:

    ", + "
  • commercial property, for example shops or offices
    • ", + "
  • property that isn\u2019t suitable to be lived in
    • ", + "
  • forests
    • ", + "
  • agricultural land that\u2019s part of a working farm or used for agricultural reasons
    • ", + "
  • any other land or property that is not part of a dwelling\u2019s garden or grounds
    • ", + "
  • 6 or more residential properties bought in a single transaction
    • ", + "

    You pay residential SDLT rates on agricultural land if it\u2019s sold as part of the garden or grounds of a dwelling, for example a cottage with fields.

    ", + "

    A \u2018mixed\u2019 property is one that has both residential and non-residential elements, for example a flat connected to a shop, doctor\u2019s surgery or office.

    ", + "

    Use the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    Freehold sales and transfers

    ", + "

    You can also use this table to work out the SDLT rate for a lease premium.

    ", + "", + "Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate", + "Up to \u00a3150,000 | Zero", + "The next \u00a3100,000 (the portion from \u00a3150,001 to \u00a3250,000) | 2%", + "The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a3250,000) | 5%", + "

    New leasehold sales and transfers

    ", + "

    When you buy a new non-residential or mixed leasehold you pay SDLT on both the:

    ", + "
  • purchase price of the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) using the rates above
    • ", + "
  • value of the annual rent you pay (the \u2018net present value\u2019)
    • ", + "

    These are calculated separately then added together.

    ", + "

    If you buy an existing (\u2018assigned\u2019) lease, you only pay SDLT on the lease price (or \u2018consideration\u2019).

    ", + "

    The net present value (NPV) is based on the total rent over the life of the lease. You do not pay SDLT on the rent if the NPV is less than \u00a3150,000.

    ", + "Net present value of rent | SDLT rate", + "\u00a30 to \u00a3150,000 | Zero", + "The portion from \u00a3150,001 to \u00a35,000,000 | 1%", + "The portion above \u00a35,000,000 | 2%", + "

    How much you\u2019ll pay

    ", + "

    You can work out how much SDLT you\u2019ll pay for your non-residential lease using HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC):

    ", + "
  • SDLT calculator
    • ", + "
  • guidance on buying leasehold properties
    • ", + "

    You may pay a higher rate of SDLT for multiple purchases or transfers from the same seller.

    ", + "

    Using previous SDLT rates

    ", + "

    You may qualify for previous SDLT rates if you exchanged contracts before 17 March 2016 but completed on or after that date.

    ", + "

    If you qualify for the previous rates, you can choose to pay SDLT using the current or previous rates.

    ", + "

    Use HMRC\u2019s SDLT calculator to work out if you qualify and how much you\u2019ll pay using both rates.

    ", + "

    Enter the figure for the rate you choose in your SDLT return.

    ", + "

    Land and property transfers

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) if the ownership of land or property is transferred to you in exchange for any payment or \u2018consideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    The rules around SDLT depend on the specific circumstances surrounding the transfer.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on transfers:

    ", + "
  • as a result of marriage, civil partnerships or moving in together
    • ", + "
  • on divorce, separation or the end of a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • of jointly owned property or land
    • ", + "
  • if the larger share is given as a gift
    • ", + "
  • given as a gift or left in a will
    • ", + "
  • to or from a company
    • ", + "

    Shared ownership property

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) when you buy a property through a shared ownership scheme run by an approved public body.

    ", + "

    This includes:

    ", + "
  • local housing authorities
    • ", + "
  • housing associations
    • ", + "
  • housing action trusts
    • ", + "
  • the Northern Ireland Housing Executive
    • ", + "
  • the Commission for the New Towns
    • ", + "
  • development corporations
    • ", + "

    You can choose to either:

    ", + "
  • make a one-off payment based on the market value of the property (\u2018market value election\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • pay SDLT in stages
    • ", + "

    Market value election

    ", + "

    Submit a return and pay SDLT at the residential rate. Use the total market value of the property to calculate how much to pay - even if you\u2019re only buying a share.

    ", + "

    You do not pay any more SDLT after this, even if you buy a bigger share in the property later on.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on SDLT if you do not have the right to the freehold.

    ", + "

    Paying in stages

    ", + "

    You make your first SDLT payment on the price you pay for the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) if it\u2019s above the SDLT threshold. If the lease premium is below the threshold, you do not pay SDLT at this point - but you still have to submit a return.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay extra SDLT if the total rent over the life of the lease (known as the \u2018net present value\u2019) is more than the SDLT threshold.

    ", + "

    Work this out on HMRC\u2019s SDLT calculator. You pay SDLT of 1% on the amount over the threshold - add this to any SDLT you\u2019re paying on the lease premium.

    ", + "

    SDLT if you buy more shares

    ", + "

    If you buy any more shares in the property, you do not have to pay any more SDLT or send a return to HMRC until you own more than an 80% share.

    ", + "

    Once your share of the property goes over 80% you must send a return and pay SDLT on:

    ", + "
  • the transaction that took you over 80%
    • ", + "
  • any transactions after that
    • ", + "

    Calculating your SDLT

    ", + "

    To work out the SDLT if you buy more shares that take you over 80%:

    ", + "
  • Work out the SDLT due on the total you\u2019ve paid for the property to date - include any amounts you did not pay tax on. Use the SDLT rate that applies at the time you bought the new share. For example, if your total purchases before 8 July 2020 were \u00a3160,000, the SDLT due would be \u00a3700.
    • ", + "
  • Divide the amount you\u2019re paying for this share by the total amount you\u2019ve paid for the property to date. For example, if you\u2019re paying \u00a340,000 for this share, divide \u00a340,000 by \u00a3160,000 = 0.25.
    • ", + "
  • Multiply the two figures, for example SDLT of \u00a3700 multiplied by 0.25 = \u00a3175. This is the amount you would need to pay in SDLT for this share.
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid less than \u00a3500,000 for your property between 8 July 2020 and 30 June 2021, or less than \u00a3250,000 between 1 July 2021 and 30 September 2021, the amount of SDLT you\u2019d need to pay on any additional shares would be zero. This is because of the temporary SDLT rate.

    ", + "

    Additional tax if payments are linked

    ", + "

    You may have to pay extra SDLT on previous shares if they become \u2018linked\u2019 to later shares. Shares only become linked once you own over 80% of the property.

    ", + "

    You can read more about paying SDLT when you buy more shares.

    ", + "

    Reliefs and exemptions

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) reliefs if you\u2019re buying your first home and in certain other situations. These reliefs can reduce the amount of tax you pay.

    ", + "

    You must complete an SDLT return to claim relief, even if no tax is due.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on SDLT reliefs for:

    ", + "
  • first-time buyers
    • ", + "
  • multiple dwellings
    • ", + "
  • building companies buying an individual\u2019s home
    • ", + "
  • employers buying an employee\u2019s house
    • ", + "
  • local authorities making compulsory purchases
    • ", + "
  • property developers providing amenities to communities
    • ", + "
  • companies transferring property to another company
    • ", + "
  • charities
    • ", + "
  • right to buy properties
    • ", + "
  • registered social landlords
    • ", + "
  • Crown employees
    • ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay SDLT or file a return if:

    ", + "
  • no money or other payment changes hands for a land or property transfer
    • ", + "
  • property is left to you in a will
    • ", + "
  • property is transferred because of divorce or dissolution of a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you buy a freehold property for less than \u00a340,000
    • ", + "
  • you buy a new or assigned lease of 7 years or more, as long as the premium is less than \u00a340,000 and the annual rent is less than \u00a31,000
    • ", + "
  • you buy a new or assigned lease of less than 7 years, as long as the amount you pay is less than the residential or non-residential SDLT threshold
    • ", + "
  • you use alternative property financial arrangements, for example to comply with Sharia law
    • ", + "

    Read HMRC\u2019s guidance on transactions that do not need a return.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Staying in your partner's property during a divorce or separation", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stay-in-home-during-separation-or-divorce", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can register your \u2018home rights\u2019 with HM Land Registry - this can help stop your partner from selling your home.

    ", + "

    Your rights are different if you own the property jointly with your spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for home rights if your spouse or civil partner owns the property with someone else - unless your spouse or civil partner would get all the money if the property was sold (also known as being the \u2018sole beneficial owner\u2019).

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership, Citizens Advice have guidance on what happens when you separate.

    ", + "

    Before you apply for home rights

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to know if the property is registered in your partner\u2019s name, and its title number if it is.

    ", + "

    You can search the register to find this information.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must complete a different application process for home rights depending on whether:

    ", + "
  • the property is registered
    • ", + "
  • the property is unregistered
    • ", + "

    How long you can stay in the property

    ", + "

    You can usually only live in the property until the divorce, annulment or dissolution has been finalised and a court settlement agreed.

    ", + "

    You may be able to continue living in the property for longer, for example during an ongoing dispute about who owns what, if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do this.

    ", + "

    What else you can do

    ", + "

    You may be able to take legal action against your partner if they try to:

    ", + "
  • make you move out
    • ", + "
  • stop you moving back into a home you\u2019re not currently living in, for example if you moved out temporarily
    • ", + "

    A solicitor can advise you about this.

    ", + "

    Apply if the property is registered

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application for registration of a notice for home rights.

    ", + "

    Send it to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry telling you when they\u2019ve registered your rights. Your spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve done this.

    ", + "

    If you want to move to a different property

    ", + "

    You can only protect your right to live in one property at a time.

    ", + "

    You can ask HM Land Registry to transfer your home rights to another property owned by your spouse or civil partner if you\u2019ve already got home rights for one property.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application for registration of a notice for home rights.

    ", + "

    Send it to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    Follow the application process for unregistered properties if the property you\u2019re moving into is not registered - you can search the register to find out if it\u2019s registered.

    ", + "

    Staying in the property after divorce or separation

    ", + "

    You may be able to continue living in your home for longer, for example if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do so during an ongoing dispute about who owns what.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019ve already registered your home rights.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in either an:

    ", + "
  • application for renewal of registration in respect of home rights - if you\u2019ve registered your home rights
    • ", + "
  • application for registration of a notice for home rights - if you have not registered your home rights
    • ", + "

    Send the form, along with an official copy of the court\u2019s continuation order, to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry telling you when they\u2019ve registered your continued rights. Your ex-spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve done this.

    ", + "

    Apply if the property is unregistered

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.

    ", + "

    Send the form and payment to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    If you want to move to a different property

    ", + "

    You can only protect your right to live in one property at a time.

    ", + "

    You can ask HM Land Registry to transfer your home rights to another property owned by your spouse or civil partner if you\u2019ve already registered your right to live in one property.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.

    ", + "

    Send the form and payment to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Follow the application process for registered properties if the property you\u2019re moving into is registered - you can search the register to find out if it\u2019s registered.

    ", + "

    Staying in the property after divorce or separation

    ", + "

    You may be able to continue living in your home for longer, for example if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do so during an ongoing dispute about who owns what.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019ve already registered your home rights.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in either an:

    ", + "
  • application for the renewal of a registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019 - if you have home rights
    • ", + "
  • application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019 - if you do not have home rights
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.

    ", + "

    Send the form and payment to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry when they\u2019ve registered your continued rights.

    ", + "

    Your ex-spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve made the application.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax when you sell property", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "contents": [ + "

    What you pay it on

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:

    ", + "
  • buy-to-let properties
    • ", + "
  • business premises
    • ", + "
  • land
    • ", + "
  • inherited property
    • ", + "

    There are different rules if you:

    ", + "
  • sell your home
    • ", + "
  • live abroad
    • ", + "
  • are a company registered abroad
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    When you do not pay

    ", + "

    You do not usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.

    ", + "

    You may get tax relief if the property is a business asset.

    ", + "

    If the property was occupied by a dependent relative you may not have to pay. Find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief.

    ", + "

    If you need to pay

    ", + "

    You must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.

    ", + "

    Work out your gain

    ", + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your property and the amount you got when you sold (or \u2018disposed of\u2019) it.

    ", + "

    If your combined capital gains are over your allowance for the year you\u2019ll have to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    Market value

    ", + "

    In some situations you should use the market value of the property when working out your gain. Do this if:

    ", + "
  • it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)
    • ", + "
  • you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer
    • ", + "
  • you inherited it (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)
    • ", + "
  • you owned it before April 1982
    • ", + "

    Selling in special circumstances

    ", + "

    There are special rules for calculating your gain if:

    ", + "
  • you live abroad
    • ", + "
  • you sell a lease or part of your land
    • ", + "
  • your property is compulsorily purchased
    • ", + "

    Jointly owned property

    ", + "

    If you own property jointly with other people, work out the gain for the share that you own.

    ", + "

    Deduct costs

    ", + "

    You can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:

    ", + "
  • estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees
    • ", + "
  • costs of improvement works, for example for an extension (normal maintenance costs, such as decorating, do not count)
    • ", + "

    Reliefs

    ", + "

    You may get tax relief if the property was:

    ", + "
  • your home
    • ", + "
  • a business asset
    • ", + "
  • occupied by a dependent relative - find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief
    • ", + "

    Work out if you need to pay

    ", + "

    Once you know what your gain on the property is, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the calculator if you:

    ", + "
  • sold land
    • ", + "
  • sold business premises
    • ", + "
  • sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares
    • ", + "
  • reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own
    • ", + "
  • claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief
    • ", + "
  • are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative
    • ", + "

    Calculate Capital Gains Tax on property

    ", + "

    If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay

    ", + "

    You must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.

    ", + "

    Reporting a loss

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you need to report a loss.

    ", + "

    Businesses

    ", + "

    You may get tax relief if you sell property that you use for business. This may reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you pay.

    ", + "

    If the purpose of your business is to buy and sell property (you\u2019re a property developer, for example) you do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell a property. Instead, you pay:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax - if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner
    • ", + "
  • Corporation Tax - if you\u2019re a limited company
    • ", + "

    There are special rules for limited companies that dispose of a single residential property worth more than \u00a32 million.

    ", + "

    Selling overseas property

    ", + "

    You pay Capital Gains Tax when you \u2018dispose of\u2019 overseas property if you\u2019re resident in the UK.

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you\u2019re resident in the UK but your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.

    ", + "

    You may also have to pay tax in the country you made the gain. If you\u2019re taxed twice, you may be able to claim relief.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re non-resident

    ", + "

    Non-residents may have to pay UK tax on overseas property if they return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tenancy deposit protection", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-deposit-protection", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your landlord must put your deposit in a government-approved tenancy deposit scheme (TDP) if you rent your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007. In England and Wales your deposit can be registered with:

    ", + "
  • Deposit Protection Service
    • ", + "
  • MyDeposits - including deposits that were held by Capita
    • ", + "
  • Tenancy Deposit Scheme
    • ", + "

    If you don\u2019t rent your home on an assured shorthold tenancy, your landlord can accept valuable items (for example a car or watch) as a deposit instead of money. The items won\u2019t be protected by a scheme.

    ", + "

    There are separate TDP schemes in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    They make sure you\u2019ll get your deposit back if you:

    ", + "
  • meet the terms of your tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t damage the property
    • ", + "
  • pay your rent and bills
    • ", + "

    Your landlord or letting agent must put your deposit in the scheme within 30 days of getting it.

    ", + "

    At the end of your tenancy

    ", + "

    Your landlord must return your deposit within 10 days of you both agreeing how much you\u2019ll get back.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a dispute with your landlord, then your deposit will be protected in the TDP scheme until the issue is sorted out.

    ", + "

    Holding deposits

    ", + "

    Your landlord doesn\u2019t have to protect a holding deposit (money you pay to \u2018hold\u2019 a property before an agreement is signed). Once you become a tenant, the holding deposit becomes a deposit, which they must protect.

    ", + "

    Deposits made by a third party

    ", + "

    Your landlord must use a TDP scheme even if your deposit is paid by someone else, such as a rent deposit scheme or your parents.

    ", + "

    Information landlords must give tenants

    ", + "

    Once your landlord has received your deposit, they have 30 days to tell you:

    ", + "
  • the address of the rented property
    • ", + "
  • how much deposit you\u2019ve paid
    • ", + "
  • how the deposit is protected
    • ", + "
  • the name and contact details of the tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme and its dispute resolution service
    • ", + "
  • their (or the letting agency\u2019s) name and contact details
    • ", + "
  • the name and contact details of any third party that\u2019s paid the deposit
    • ", + "
  • why they would keep some or all of the deposit
    • ", + "
  • how to apply to get the deposit back
    • ", + "
  • what to do if you can\u2019t get hold of the landlord at the end of the tenancy
    • ", + "
  • what to do if there\u2019s a dispute over the deposit
    • ", + "

    If your landlord doesn't protect your deposit

    ", + "

    Contact a tenancy deposit scheme (TDP) if you\u2019re not sure whether your deposit has been protected.

    ", + "

    Contact MyDeposits if your deposit was held by Capita.

    ", + "

    Getting your deposit back

    ", + "

    You can apply to your local county court if you think your landlord hasn\u2019t used a TDP scheme when they should have.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice before applying to court. You do not need a solicitor to do this.

    ", + "

    Before going to court

    ", + "

    It can be quicker and cheaper to write to your landlord, rather than going to court.

    ", + "

    If you cannot come to an agreement, you can apply to the court for compensation.

    ", + "

    Apply to a county court

    ", + "

    Apply using Form N208: Claim form.

    ", + "

    The court fee is \u00a3308. You can claim this back from your landlord if you win your case.

    ", + "

    You can apply for money off your court fee if you claim certain benefits or have a low income.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    If the court finds your landlord has not protected your deposit, it can order them to either:

    ", + "
  • repay it to you
    • ", + "
  • pay it into a TDP scheme\u2019s bank account within 14 days
    • ", + "

    The court may also order the landlord to pay you up to 3 times the deposit within 14 days of making the order.

    ", + "

    At the end of the tenancy

    ", + "

    The court may decide that you won\u2019t have to leave the property when the tenancy ends if your landlord hasn\u2019t used a TDP scheme when they should have.

    ", + "

    Disputes and problems

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a dispute over a deposit

    ", + "

    Your tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme offers a free dispute resolution service if you disagree with your landlord about how much deposit should be returned.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to use the service but if you do, both you and the landlord have to agree to it. You\u2019ll both be asked to provide evidence, and the decision made about your deposit will be final.

    ", + "

    If you can\u2019t contact the landlord

    ", + "

    You can \u2018raise a dispute\u2019 to get your deposit back if you can\u2019t contact your landlord and your deposit is held by one of the approved TDP schemes:

    ", + "
  • MyDeposits
    • ", + "
  • Tenancy Deposit Scheme
    • ", + "
  • Deposit Protection Service
    • ", + "

    Contact MyDeposits if your deposit was held by Capita.

    ", + "

    The TDP scheme will refund your deposit if the dispute resolution service agrees.

    ", + "

    There may be a limit on the time you have to raise a dispute. Contact the TDP scheme as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    If your deposit is not held by an approved TDP scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to your local county court to get your deposit back if your deposit was not protected by an approved TDP scheme.

    ", + "

    You should write to your landlord and your letting agent (if you have one) before you make a claim. Your landlord or agent may offer to pay your deposit back after they get a letter to avoid legal costs.

    ", + "

    Get help and advice

    ", + "

    You can get more help and advice from:

    ", + "
  • your local Citizens Advice office
    • ", + "
  • a solicitor or advice agency
    • ", + "
  • Shelter in England or Shelter in Wales
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Your property boundaries", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-property-boundaries", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you live in England or Wales, there\u2019s usually no record of:

    ", + "
  • the exact boundary between two properties
    • ", + "
  • who owns the hedge, wall, tree or fence between 2 properties
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You can get an idea of where the boundaries for your property are by looking at its title plan. Most title plans don\u2019t show exact boundaries - you usually don\u2019t need to have the exact boundaries recorded anywhere.

    ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You can apply to get the title plan corrected if you think there\u2019s a mistake on it.

    ", + "

    Record the boundary more precisely

    ", + "

    You can do this by:

    ", + "
  • making a boundary agreement with your neighbour
    • ", + "
  • applying for a determined boundary
    • ", + "

    Make a boundary agreement with your neighbour

    ", + "

    You can usually avoid having to create a boundary agreement by having an informal discussion with your neighbour.

    ", + "

    Get help in solving disagreements

    ", + "

    Use the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Helpline Scheme to get advice on solving disagreements over boundaries.

    ", + "

    What a boundary agreement can do

    ", + "

    You and your neighbour can create a \u2018boundary agreement\u2019 to record:

    ", + "
  • the boundary between 2 properties
    • ", + "
  • who\u2019s responsible for maintaining a hedge, wall, tree or fence between 2 properties
    • ", + "

    Get legal advice if you\u2019re thinking about making a boundary agreement.

    ", + "

    What a boundary agreement can\u2019t do

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use a boundary agreement to sell or give away part of your land to your neighbour.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice if you want to make sure the boundary agreement is still valid after you or your neighbour sell your property.

    ", + "

    What to include in a boundary agreement

    ", + "

    Your boundary agreement must include:

    ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your neighbour\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • the date the agreement begins
    • ", + "
  • the boundary you\u2019ve agreed
    • ", + "

    You can include the boundary using:

    ", + "
  • a written description
    • ", + "
  • a copy of an Ordnance Survey map - you can draw or write on it to show the boundary
    • ", + "
  • a map you\u2019ve drawn yourself
    • ", + "

    Example of a boundary agreement

    ", + "

    \u201cBoundary Agreement

    ", + "

    This agreement is made on 15th July 2017 between John Smith of 10 Acacia Avenue, title to which is registered under title number XX12345, and Mary Brown of 12 Acacia Avenue, title to which is registered under title number XX67891.

    ", + "

    The parties agree that the legal boundary between the land within their respective registered titles, and running from the point marked \u2018A\u2019 to the point marked \u2018B\u2019 on the plan attached, is as shown by the red line drawn between those points.

    ", + "

    Signed

    ", + "

    [Witness (Signature, name and address)]

    ", + "

    Signed

    ", + "

    [Witness (Signature, name and address)]\u201d

    ", + "

    Record your boundary agreement

    ", + "

    Fill in an application to change the register (AP1).

    ", + "

    In section 4 under \u2018Applications in priority order\u2019, write: \u201cTo note a boundary agreement\u201d. Under \u2018Fees paid (\u00a3)\u2019 write \u201c\u00a340\u201d.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to fill in sections 9 to 14.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send:

    ", + "
  • the completed AP1 form
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the boundary agreement
    • ", + "
  • a cheque or postal order for \u00a340, payable to \u2018HMLR\u2019 or \u2018HM Land Registry\u2019
    • ", + "

    Send the documents and fee to:

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will update the register for your property and send a copy of the updated register back to you. They\u2019ll do the same for your neighbour.

    ", + "

    Apply to record the exact boundary

    ", + "

    You can apply to have the exact boundary between your property and your neighbour\u2019s recorded. This is known as applying for a \u2018determined boundary\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if your property is registered.

    ", + "

    A determined boundary will still be valid if you or your neighbour sell your property.

    ", + "

    Your application may be referred to a tribunal if your neighbour doesn\u2019t agree with it. Get legal advice before making an application.

    ", + "

    Check your property\u2019s title plan and register to see if it already has a determined boundary.

    ", + "

    Apply for a determined boundary

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send:

    ", + "
  • a plan showing the determined boundary - ask a chartered land surveyor to make this
    • ", + "
  • evidence that supports your application
    • ", + "
  • a completed exact line of boundary (DB) form
    • ", + "

    Evidence that supports your application

    ", + "

    Send any evidence you have that justifies the surveyor\u2019s boundary. This could include:

    ", + "
  • certified copies of the deeds to your property from before the property was registered
    • ", + "
  • an expert\u2019s report
    • ", + "
  • a written statement signed in front of a solicitor, a magistrate or a commissioner of oaths
    • ", + "

    Send your application

    ", + "

    The application costs \u00a390. You\u2019ll also need to pay the surveyor and the solicitor a fee.

    ", + "

    If your neighbour agrees with your application, they\u2019ll need to sign the form and the plan as well.

    ", + "

    Send everything to:

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, HM Land Registry (HMLR) will send you a copy of your updated title plan and register. They\u2019ll also send your neighbour a copy of their updated title plan and register.

    ", + "

    If your neighbour objects to your application

    ", + "

    HMLR will decide whether the objection is valid. If it is, they\u2019ll give you and your neighbour the chance to come to an agreement.

    ", + "

    If you can\u2019t, they\u2019ll pass your application to a tribunal. You may need to pay for legal advice and advice from a surveyor if this happens.

    ", + "

    If the tribunal approves your application

    ", + "

    HMLR will send you a copy of your updated title plan and register. They\u2019ll record the determined boundary in the register.

    ", + "

    If the tribunal rejects your application

    ", + "

    The tribunal will either decide where the exact boundary should be, or decide not to set the exact boundary.

    ", + "

    You may need to pay your neighbour\u2019s costs.

    ", + "

    Correct a boundary mistake on a title plan

    ", + "

    Write to HM Land Registry (HMLR) if you think there\u2019s a boundary mistake on a property\u2019s title plan.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • explain why you think there\u2019s a mistake
    • ", + "
  • include any evidence that supports your argument, such as certified copies of the deeds to the property
    • ", + "

    Send everything to:

    ", + "

    If HMLR finds that there\u2019s a mistake, they\u2019ll tell you how to correct it.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Building regulations approval", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/building-regulations-approval", + "contents": [ + "

    When you need approval

    ", + "

    You must check if you need approval before you construct or change buildings in certain ways.

    ", + "

    You do not need to get approval yourself if you use someone registered with a competent person scheme.

    ", + "

    Find out about the rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Building regulations approval is different from planning permission. You might need both.

    ", + "

    Work covered by building regulations

    ", + "

    The Building Regulations 2010 cover the construction and extension of buildings.

    ", + "

    You might also need building regulations approval for many alteration projects, including if you plan to:

    ", + "
  • replace fuse boxes and connected electrics
    • ", + "
  • install a bathroom that will involve plumbing
    • ", + "
  • change electrics near a bath or shower
    • ", + "
  • put in a fixed air-conditioning system
    • ", + "
  • replace windows and doors
    • ", + "
  • replace roof coverings on pitched and flat roofs
    • ", + "
  • install or replace a heating system
    • ", + "
  • add extra radiators to a heating system
    • ", + "

    You could need approval, or to follow special rules, for works not listed here - so always research your particular project.

    ", + "

    Check with a building control body if you cannot decide if you need approval.

    ", + "

    You do not need advance approval for emergency repairs to your boiler or heating system, but there are rules you must follow.

    ", + "

    Penalties and problems

    ", + "

    The person doing the work could be prosecuted and fined if they do not comply with building regulations.

    ", + "

    Your local authority could make you pay for faulty work to be fixed.

    ", + "

    Without approval you will not have the certificates of compliance you may need when you want to sell your home.

    ", + "

    When you do not need approval

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply for approval yourself if the work is not covered by building regulations, or if it\u2019s carried out by someone who\u2019s registered with a competent person scheme.

    ", + "

    Work that does not need approval

    ", + "

    You do not need building regulations approval for some exempt projects, including:

    ", + "
  • most repairs, replacements and maintenance work (except heating systems, oil tanks, fuse boxes and glazing units)
    • ", + "
  • new power and lighting points, or changes to existing circuits (except around baths and showers)
    • ", + "
  • like-for-like replacements of baths, toilets, basins and sinks
    • ", + "

    Find out more about common projects and check when you do and do not need approval.

    ", + "

    Check with a building control body if you\u2019re still not sure what to do.

    ", + "

    Hire a \u2018competent person\u2019

    ", + "

    If your project needs approval but you\u2019d rather not apply yourself, you can hire a tradesperson registered with a competent person scheme instead.

    ", + "

    You must meet safety and energy efficiency standards even if you do not need formal approval.

    ", + "

    Use a competent person scheme

    ", + "

    Competent person schemes are a way for tradespeople to prove their ability to carry out certain work to required standards, instead of you applying for building regulations approval.

    ", + "

    Benefits of a registered tradesperson

    ", + "

    An installer (eg of windows or boilers) who\u2019s registered with a scheme can self-certify that their work complies with buildings standards and can deal with building control issues, like objections.

    ", + "

    If needed, they\u2019ll tell your local authority about work on your behalf. They\u2019ll also give you a certificate within 8 weeks of completion which can be used as evidence of compliance - it will also show up in solicitors\u2019 searches if you come to sell your home.

    ", + "

    Competent person schemes have insurance-backed warranties and complaints procedures if there\u2019s a problem with the work.

    ", + "

    Find a \u2018competent person\u2019

    ", + "

    Search the Competent Persons Register to find a tradesperson, or check that they belong to a scheme.

    ", + "

    Search the Electrical Competent Person Register if you\u2019re looking for an electrician to work on your home.

    ", + "

    You may have to correct the work or pay a fine if building regulations are not followed.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Contact a \u2018building control body\u2019 (BCB) to check the building regulations or apply for approval.

    ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Where to apply

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of BCB. It\u2019s up to you which you use.

    ", + "

    Local authority BCBs

    ", + "

    You can apply for approval from your council.

    ", + "

    Private BCBs

    ", + "

    You can apply through a private approved inspector.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll tell your local authority about the work. This is called giving an \u2018initial notice\u2019.

    ", + "

    Choose a type of application

    ", + "

    You must decide on the type of application for your planned build, extension or alteration work.

    ", + "

    Full plans

    ", + "

    This is the most thorough option. You can expect a decision within 5 weeks, or 2 months with your consent.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a completion certificate within 8 weeks of completion of the building work as long as it complies.

    ", + "

    Building notice

    ", + "

    This type of application is only for smaller projects. You can start work 2 days after your notice has been submitted to your BCB. You do not get formal approval like you do with full plans.

    ", + "

    Regularisation

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018regularisation\u2019 - retrospective approval for work already carried out without consent - from a local authority BCB only.

    ", + "

    Only work carried out after 11 November 1985 can be approved in this way.

    ", + "

    You might need to make alterations before your BCB can agree the work complies and give you a regularisation certificate.

    ", + "

    You may have to correct the work or pay a fine if building regulations are not followed.

    ", + "

    Fees and costs

    ", + "

    Local authority BCBs base their fees on the costs of their work, like site inspections.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll pay depends on the:

    ", + "
  • type of work involved
    • ", + "
  • number of dwellings in the building
    • ", + "
  • total floor area, eg in the case of extensions
    • ", + "

    Private BCBs negotiate their fees directly with you.

    ", + "

    You might not have to pay a fee for works carried out solely for a person with a disability.

    ", + "

    Appeals and determinations

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you think your project should not have to comply with building regulations.

    ", + "

    Ask for a \u2018determination\u2019 if you\u2019re refused building regulations approval and you think the building control body (BCB) decision is unfair.

    ", + "

    If you think you should not have to comply

    ", + "

    Ask your local authority to ignore or relax one or more of the building regulations if you think your project shouldn\u2019t have to comply with them.

    ", + "

    If the local authority still says you have to comply, you can appeal to government. You have a month to make the appeal.

    ", + "

    Find out about making an appeal.

    ", + "

    You cannot ask a private BCB to ignore or relax the building regulations. You\u2019ll have to ask your local authority BCB instead.

    ", + "

    If the BCB refuses building regulations approval

    ", + "

    You can ask for a \u2018determination\u2019 - a decision by government - if a BCB says your plans do not comply but you believe they do. Find out about asking for a determination.

    ", + "

    How to appeal or get a determination

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to read the guidance and fill in a form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a fee when you ask for a determination unless your building work is for disabled people. You don\u2019t have to pay a fee to appeal.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claim planning appeal costs", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-planning-appeal-costs", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can claim costs if someone involved in your planning appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money.

    ", + "

    You make a claim for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 to the Planning Inspectorate. If you\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll have to reach an agreement with the other party about how much they pay.

    ", + "

    You can be asked to pay costs if you behave unreasonably during your own appeal. The Planning Inspectorate can do this even if nobody\u2019s claiming costs against you.

    ", + "

    Deadline to claim for costs

    ", + "

    The deadline depends on whether your appeal will be decided:

    ", + "
  • at a hearing or inquiry - apply before it closes
    • ", + "
  • in writing - apply when you appeal for householder, commercial and tree preservation orders, or before the final comments stage for anything else
    • ", + "

    The deadline is different for claims about:

    ", + "
  • a site visit (eg someone didn\u2019t attend) - apply within 7 days
    • ", + "
  • a withdrawn appeal or enforcement notice - apply within 4 weeks
    • ", + "

    When to claim

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim costs if someone involved in your appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money. This includes if they:

    ", + "
  • fail to co-operate with you or others
    • ", + "
  • miss deadlines
    • ", + "
  • fail to turn up to a site visit, hearing or inquiry
    • ", + "
  • gave information that was wrong or declared after the deadline
    • ", + "

    What costs you can claim

    ", + "

    You can claim for costs directly related to your appeal, for example:

    ", + "
  • time preparing for an appeal
    • ", + "
  • attending a hearing or inquiry
    • ", + "
  • the use of consultants to provide detailed technical advice
    • ", + "
  • witnesses if you need to pay them
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim for costs relating to your original planning application.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Claim for costs by filling in the claim form. Return it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Alternatively, you can send a letter to the Planning Inspectorate. Include why you think someone has behaved unreasonably and how this has cost you money.

    ", + "

    After you claim

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will consider your claim. The party being asked to pay will have an opportunity to respond in writing.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll be given either:

    ", + "
  • a full award - you can recover all your costs including the cost of claiming
    • ", + "
  • a partial award - you can only recover some costs
    • ", + "

    The award doesn\u2019t tell you how much you should get. It\u2019s your responsibility to prove to the other party how much you\u2019ve spent on the appeal.

    ", + "

    If they won\u2019t pay

    ", + "

    You can make a court claim for money if the other party won\u2019t pay.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Party walls and building work", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/party-walls-building-works", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must tell your neighbours if you want to carry out any building work near or on your shared property boundary, or \u2018party wall\u2019, in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    Party walls stand on the land of 2 or more owners and either:

    ", + "
  • form part of a building
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t form part of a building, such as a garden wall (not wooden fences)
    • ", + "

    Walls on one owner\u2019s land used by other owners (2 or more) to separate their buildings are also party walls.

    ", + "

    Party structures

    ", + "

    You can also have a \u2018party structure\u2019. This could be a floor or other structure that separates buildings or parts of buildings with different owners, eg flats.

    ", + "

    Party wall agreements are different from planning permission or building regulations approval.

    ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Work you must tell your neighbour about

    ", + "

    You must tell your neighbour if you want to:

    ", + "
  • build on or at the boundary of your 2 properties
    • ", + "
  • work on an existing party wall or party structure
    • ", + "
  • dig below and near to the foundation level of their property
    • ", + "

    Examples of this type of work include:

    ", + "
  • building a new wall
    • ", + "
  • cutting into a party wall
    • ", + "
  • making a party wall taller, shorter or deeper
    • ", + "
  • removing chimneys from a party wall
    • ", + "
  • knocking down and rebuilding a party wall
    • ", + "

    Find more details of work you need to tell your neighbour about in the party wall explanatory booklet.

    ", + "

    Your neighbours can\u2019t stop you from making changes to your property that are within the law, but they can affect how and when your works are carried out.

    ", + "

    What you don\u2019t need to tell them about

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to tell your neighbour about minor changes, eg plastering, adding or replacing electrical wiring or sockets, or drilling to put up shelves or cabinets.

    ", + "

    When and how to tell them

    ", + "

    You must give notice to your neighbour between 2 months and a year before you plan to start building works. Include what you plan on doing.

    ", + "

    You can speak to your neighbour to explain the work you want to carry out, before giving notice in writing.

    ", + "

    Find letter templates and more information on giving notice in the party wall explanatory booklet.

    ", + "

    Any agreement you reach should be in writing.

    ", + "

    Reaching an agreement with your neighbours

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve given notice your neighbour can:

    ", + "
  • give consent in writing
    • ", + "
  • refuse consent, which will start the dispute resolution process
    • ", + "
  • serve a counter notice requesting additional works be done at the same time (they\u2019ll have to pay for these if they benefit from the works)
    • ", + "

    Your neighbour must let you know in writing within 14 days if they consent to your notice, and you must do the same with any counter notice. A counter notice must be served within a month of the first notice.

    ", + "

    Find examples of counter notice letters in the party wall booklet.

    ", + "

    Your neighbours need to respond to the notice. You can\u2019t assume that no response means they agree to the works.

    ", + "

    The dispute resolution process will also start if they don\u2019t respond to your notice within the given time.

    ", + "

    Who pays for the work

    ", + "

    You need to pay for any building works that you start on a party wall.

    ", + "

    Your neighbour may have to meet a share of the cost if the work needs to be done because of defects or lack of repair. They will also need to pay if they ask for additional works to be done that will benefit them.

    ", + "

    An appointed surveyor will set out who pays what if you can\u2019t agree.

    ", + "

    If you can't agree

    ", + "

    You must appoint a surveyor if you and your neighbour can\u2019t agree. You can appoint a surveyor together or each appoint your own. The surveyors will then agree on a \u2018party wall award\u2019.

    ", + "

    This is a legal document which says:

    ", + "
  • what work should happen
    • ", + "
  • how and when it will be carried out
    • ", + "
  • who will pay for which part and how much will be paid (including surveyor\u2019s fees)
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t act as your own surveyor.

    ", + "

    If your neighbour doesn\u2019t appoint a surveyor

    ", + "

    You can appoint a surveyor on behalf of your neighbour if they refuse or fail to do so themselves.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t agree with the award

    ", + "

    You can appeal against an award at a county court within 14 days of receiving it. You need to file an appellant\u2019s notice in a county court, explaining why you\u2019re appealing.

    ", + "

    When works begin

    ", + "

    When carrying out building works you must:

    ", + "
  • avoid causing unnecessary inconvenience
    • ", + "
  • protect your neighbour\u2019s property from damage caused by the works, and fix or pay for any damage that is caused
    • ", + "

    Access to your neighbour\u2019s property

    ", + "

    Your neighbour must allow surveyors and workmen access to their property during usual working hours to carry out the building works. They must be given 14 days\u2019 notice except in an emergency.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Council and housing association evictions", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-housing-association-evictions", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to stop or delay the eviction. You can get advice from charities like Citizens Advice or Shelter.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid. If you\u2019re eligible, you can get advice from Civil Legal Advice, or you can search for a legal aid adviser.

    ", + "

    If your case goes to court, you might be able to get help on the day from an adviser in the court building.

    ", + "

    Eviction means your landlord ends your tenancy and you have to leave your property.

    ", + "

    The steps that your council or housing association must take to evict you depends on the type of tenancy you have. But the basic steps are:

    ", + "
  • You get written notice that the council or housing association plans to evict you.
    • ", + "
  • If you do not leave or cannot come to an agreement, the council or housing association can apply to the court for a possession order.
    • ", + "
  • The court decides whether you can be evicted.
    • ", + "
  • If you still do not leave, bailiffs can remove you and your belongings.
    • ", + "

    Written notice

    ", + "

    Your council or housing association must give you a written warning notice that they plan to evict you. The notice is normally either at least 4 weeks or 4 months, depending on the type of tenancy you have.

    ", + "

    However, they can start eviction proceedings immediately if you\u2019re responsible for serious antisocial behaviour like drug-dealing.

    ", + "

    For most types of tenancy, your council or housing association must also tell you why they\u2019re planning to evict you.

    ", + "

    The quicker you reply to the written notice, the better chance you have of keeping your home. If you ignore it and stay in the property, or the council or housing association is not satisfied with your response, they may apply to the court for permission to evict you.

    ", + "

    Rent arrears

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re facing eviction over unpaid rent, before taking you to court the council or housing association must:

    ", + "
  • try to talk to you about the arrears as early as possible
    • ", + "
  • give you detailed information about the arrears
    • ", + "
  • offer help, if you need it, to make a housing benefit claim
    • ", + "
  • agree to delay taking you to court if you make a reasonable offer to pay off your rent arrears
    • ", + "

    These steps are known as the \u2018pre-action protocol\u2019.

    ", + "

    The court hearing

    ", + "

    Your council or housing association will need permission from a court to evict you.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get papers confirming the date of the hearing. At the hearing you have the chance to tell your side of the story.

    ", + "

    The court can:

    ", + "
  • issue a possession order giving the council or housing association permission to evict you
    • ", + "
  • decide evicting you is not justified - eviction proceedings will then stop
    • ", + "
  • issue a suspended or postponed possession order giving you a final chance to avoid eviction
    • ", + "

    After the hearing

    ", + "

    The possession order will state the date you must leave the property by. If you do not leave, your council or housing association can ask the court to send a bailiff to remove you and your belongings. The court will tell you the date they\u2019ll arrive.

    ", + "

    In certain situations, your local council may offer you temporary housing to give you a chance to find another property. While it\u2019s looking into your case, the council may offer you emergency accommodation (such as a hostel or B&B). Shelter has an emergency housing rights checker tool that shows whether you may be entitled to this.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Private renting for tenants: evictions", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting-evictions", + "contents": [ + "

    Rules your landlord must follow

    ", + "

    Your landlord must follow strict procedures if they want you to leave their property, depending on the type of tenancy agreement you have and the terms of it.

    ", + "

    If they do not, they may be guilty of illegally evicting or harassing you.

    ", + "

    Your landlord must follow different procedures to evict you in Northern Ireland and Scotland.

    ", + "

    Rules for periodic Assured Shorthold Tenancies (ASTs)

    ", + "

    Periodic tenancies run on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis with no fixed end date.

    ", + "

    If you have one of these, your landlord must usually give you \u2018notice to quit\u2019 - they must do this in a certain way depending on your type of tenancy agreement and its terms.

    ", + "

    Notice periods

    ", + "

    There are different eviction notice periods in Wales.

    ", + "

    In England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), the notice periods are longer.

    ", + "

    If you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.

    ", + "

    If you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, your landlord must have given you 6 months to leave the property

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    ", + "

    You might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave at the end of the notice period

    ", + "

    If you do not leave at the end of the notice period, your landlord must apply to the court for a possession order. If the court gives them a possession order and you still do not leave, they must apply for a warrant for possession - this means bailiffs can evict you from the property.

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.

    ", + "

    Rules for fixed-term ASTs

    ", + "

    Fixed-term tenancies run for a set amount of time. Your landlord must give you notice in a certain way if you\u2019re in a fixed-term tenancy.

    ", + "

    Notice periods

    ", + "

    There are different eviction notice periods in Wales.

    ", + "

    In England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.

    ", + "

    If you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.

    ", + "

    If you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, your landlord must have given you 6 months to leave the property

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, in most cases your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    ", + "

    You might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave at the end of the notice period

    ", + "

    If you refuse to leave at the end of the notice period, the rules depend on whether the fixed term has ended or not.

    ", + "

    Eviction during the fixed term

    ", + "

    During the fixed term, your landlord can only evict you for certain reasons - for example:

    ", + "
  • you have not paid the rent
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re engaging in antisocial behaviour
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s a \u2018break clause\u2019 in your contract - this allows your landlord to take back the property before the end of the fixed term
    • ", + "

    A possession order will not take effect until you\u2019ve been living in the property for at least 6 months.

    ", + "

    Eviction at the end of the fixed term

    ", + "

    At the end of the fixed term, the landlord does not need a reason to evict you. As long as they\u2019ve given you correct notice, they can apply to the court for a possession order.

    ", + "

    If the court gives your landlord a possession order and you still do not leave, your landlord must apply for a warrant for possession - this means bailiffs can evict you from the property.

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.

    ", + "

    Rules for excluded tenancies or licences

    ", + "

    If you have an excluded tenancy or licence (for example you live with your landlord), your landlord does not have to go to court to evict you.

    ", + "

    Your landlord only needs to give you \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. The notice does not have to be in writing.

    ", + "

    There are no set rules about what\u2019s reasonable. It depends on:

    ", + "
  • how long you\u2019ve been living there
    • ", + "
  • how often you pay the rent
    • ", + "
  • whether you get on with your landlord
    • ", + "
  • how quickly the landlord needs another person to move in
    • ", + "

    They can then change the locks on your rooms, even if you\u2019ve left your belongings there. However, they must give your belongings back to you.

    ", + "

    If you do not think you\u2019ve been given enough warning to leave, contact your local council for advice. Your council can take action if your landlord has evicted you illegally.

    ", + "

    Shelter has more information about eviction of excluded occupiers.

    ", + "

    Rules for assured and regulated tenancies

    ", + "

    If your tenancy started before 27 February 1997, you might have an assured or a regulated tenancy. Your landlord will have to follow different rules to evict you and you\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction.

    ", + "

    There are different eviction notice periods in Wales.

    ", + "

    In England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.

    ", + "

    If you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice on or after 29 August 2020, your landlord must give you 6 months to leave. You might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.

    ", + "

    Shelter has more information about assured tenancies and regulated tenancies.

    ", + "

    Shelter Cymru has more information about assured tenancies and regulated tenancies in Wales.

    ", + "

    Accelerated possession

    ", + "

    Landlords can sometimes evict tenants using \u2018accelerated possession\u2019. This is quicker than a normal eviction and does not usually need a court hearing.

    ", + "

    Your landlord can only do this if:

    ", + "
  • you have an assured shorthold tenancy or a statutory periodic tenancy
    • ", + "
  • you have a written tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ve given you the required written notice in the right form
    • ", + "
  • they have not asked you to leave before the end of a fixed-term tenancy
    • ", + "

    Your landlord must also tell the court if you and your dependants have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19) in a way that affects the case. For example, if you lost income because of COVID-19 which meant you were not able to pay rent.

    ", + "

    You can only stop accelerated possession if you can prove your landlord has not followed the rules listed above.

    ", + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    If your landlord applies for accelerated possession, the court will send you:

    ", + "
  • a copy of your landlord\u2019s application
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018defence form\u2019
    • ", + "

    Fill in the defence form to challenge the application or write a statement outlining your circumstances.

    ", + "

    If your case is affected by COVID-19, include details. For example, why you lost income and were not able to pay rent.

    ", + "

    You can get help filling in the defence form.

    ", + "

    You must complete and return the defence form or statement to the court within 14 days of receiving it.

    ", + "

    If your landlord applied for possession before 3 August 2020

    ", + "

    If your landlord wants to continue with their claim for possession they must make another application to the court. You will get a copy of your landlord\u2019s application and instructions from the court on how to challenge the application.

    ", + "

    The judge\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    A judge will decide whether to:

    ", + "
  • issue a possession order, giving your landlord the right to evict you and take possession of the property (this is normally the case)
    • ", + "
  • have a court hearing (this usually only happens if the paperwork is not in order or you\u2019ve raised an important issue)
    • ", + "

    Even if there\u2019s a hearing, the court can still decide to issue a possession order.

    ", + "

    If the judge issues a possession order

    ", + "

    If the judge makes a possession order, you\u2019ll normally have 14 or 28 days to leave the property. If this will cause you exceptional hardship, the judge may give you up to 42 days to leave.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave at this point, your landlord can use bailiffs to evict you.

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.

    ", + "

    Eviction court hearings

    ", + "

    If your landlord goes to court to evict you, there will be a \u2018possession hearing\u2019.

    ", + "

    Before the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll know your landlord is taking you to court to evict you because you\u2019ll be sent court papers, including:

    ", + "
  • copies of \u2018claim for possession\u2019 forms
    • ", + "
  • a defence form
    • ", + "
  • a date for your court hearing
    • ", + "

    The defence form is your chance to say why you have rent arrears and if you disagree with what your landlord put on the \u2018claim for possession\u2019 forms. You need to return it within 14 days.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay extra court fees if you do not provide information in the defence form and this results in a delay to your court case.

    ", + "

    If you do not attend your court hearing, it\u2019s very likely the judge will decide you\u2019ll lose your home.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and court hearings

    ", + "

    The court process is different because of COVID-19.

    ", + "

    Your landlord must tell the court if you and your dependants have been affected by COVID-19. For example, if you have lost income because of COVID-19, which meant you were not able to pay your rent.

    ", + "

    During the hearing

    ", + "

    If you have not received advice before, you can get free legal advice and representation in court on the day of the hearing. This is under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme. Contact your local council or the court where your case is being heard.

    ", + "

    If the scheme is not available in your area, check with the court whether there are other advice services. You can also check if you can get legal aid.

    ", + "

    The charity Shelter has information on what happens at a possession hearing.

    ", + "

    The judge\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    The judge could:

    ", + "
  • dismiss the court case - no order will be made and the hearing is finished
    • ", + "
  • adjourn the hearing - the hearing will be delayed until later, as the judge feels a decision cannot be made on the day
    • ", + "
  • make an \u2018order\u2019 - the judge will make a legal decision on what will happen
    • ", + "

    The judge will dismiss the case if there\u2019s no reason you should be evicted. This might happen if:

    ", + "
  • your landlord has not followed the correct procedure
    • ", + "
  • your landlord or their representative does not attend the hearing
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve paid any rent arrears
    • ", + "

    If the judge dismisses the case, you can stay in your home. If the landlord wants to evict you, they\u2019ll have to restart the court process from the beginning.

    ", + "

    Types of possession order

    ", + "

    There are several different kinds of orders a judge can make.

    ", + "

    Order for possession (or \u2018outright possession order\u2019)

    ", + "

    This means you must leave the property before the date given in the order.

    ", + "

    The date will be either 14 or 28 days after your court hearing. If you\u2019re in an exceptionally difficult situation, you may be able to convince the judge to delay this for up to 6 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave your home by the date given, your landlord can ask the court to evict you by asking for a \u2018warrant for possession\u2019. If the court gives a warrant, you\u2019ll be sent an eviction notice that gives a date when you must leave your home.

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.

    ", + "

    Suspended order for possession

    ", + "

    This means if you make the payments, or obey the conditions, set out in the order, you can stay in your home. If you do not make the payments, your landlord can ask the court to evict you.

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.

    ", + "

    Money order

    ", + "

    This means you have to pay the landlord the amount set out in the order. If you do not make the payments, action could be taken by the courts to recover the money, including:

    ", + "
  • deducting money from your wages or bank account
    • ", + "
  • sending bailiffs to take away things you own
    • ", + "

    If you get into rent arrears after a money order has been made, your landlord can go to court again and ask for a possession order.

    ", + "

    Possession orders with a money judgment

    ", + "

    A judge can add a money judgment to any of the possession orders. This means you owe a specific amount of money, usually made up of:

    ", + "
  • your rent arrears
    • ", + "
  • court fees
    • ", + "
  • your landlord\u2019s legal costs
    • ", + "

    The money judgment will not apply if you pay your arrears and the amount set out in a suspended possession order.

    ", + "

    However, the money judgment will apply if you do not pay the amount set out in the suspended possession order that\u2019s linked to the judgment. If you do not pay, the landlord may ask the court to carry out the instructions in the order and the judgment.

    ", + "

    Eviction notices

    ", + "

    If you do not leave your home by the date given in an outright possession order, your landlord can ask the court for a \u2018warrant of possession\u2019.

    ", + "

    If the court gives a warrant, you\u2019ll be sent an eviction notice that gives a date when you must leave your home. Bailiffs can evict you after this date. The costs of evicting you will be added to the money you owe.

    ", + "

    Changes to evictions in England and Wales because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England.

    ", + "

    In Wales, currently you will not be evicted by bailiffs, unless there is a serious reason. Bailiffs will only enter the property if you:

    ", + "
  • are living there illegally
    • ", + "
  • have been involved in antisocial behaviour
    • ", + "

    Delaying eviction

    ", + "

    You can ask a judge to suspend the warrant at a new hearing. This means they\u2019ll delay the eviction or let you stay in your home if you can make payments again.

    ", + "

    The judge will not automatically agree to suspend the warrant.

    ", + "

    Applying to suspend a warrant

    ", + "

    To apply for a suspension of a warrant, you must fill out an application notice and either send or deliver it to the county court dealing with your case.

    ", + "

    You must tell the court you need a hearing at short notice (before your eviction date). You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of \u00a314, unless you qualify for help.

    ", + "

    Pay the county court:

    ", + "
  • by phone with a debit or credit card
    • ", + "
  • by post with a cheque or postal order made out to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019
    • ", + "
  • in person with cash or a debit or credit card
    • ", + "

    You can find the address and phone number for the county court online.

    ", + "

    Asking the court to change your payments

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change, you can ask a judge at a new hearing to change what you pay. To do this, you must fill out an application notice and either send or deliver it to the county court dealing with your case.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of \u00a3100, unless you qualify for help.

    ", + "

    Pay the county court:

    ", + "
  • in person by cheque, cash, debit or credit card
    • ", + "
  • by post with a cheque made out to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019
    • ", + "

    Appealing against the decision

    ", + "

    You can only appeal if you can show the judge made mistakes in the original possession hearing. You\u2019ll need to ask the judge for permission to appeal at the end of the original hearing.

    ", + "

    If you get permission to appeal, you\u2019ll have to apply for an appeal hearing very soon afterwards. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of up to \u00a3140, unless you qualify for help.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get legal advice.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about becoming homeless, contact your local council for homelessness help and advice.

    ", + "

    Harassment and illegal evictions

    ", + "

    It\u2019s a crime for your landlord to harass you or try to force you out of a property without using proper procedures. If this happens, you may have a right to claim damages through the court.

    ", + "

    What is harassment?

    ", + "

    Harassment can be anything a landlord does, or fails to do, that makes you feel unsafe in the property or forces you to leave.

    ", + "

    Harassment can include:

    ", + "
  • stopping services, like electricity
    • ", + "
  • withholding keys, for example there are 2 tenants in a property but the landlord will only give 1 key
    • ", + "
  • refusing to carry out repairs
    • ", + "
  • anti-social behaviour by a landlord\u2019s agent, for example a friend of the landlord moves in next door and causes problems
    • ", + "
  • threats and physical violence
    • ", + "

    Illegal eviction and tenants\u2019 rights

    ", + "

    Your landlord may be guilty of illegal eviction if you:

    ", + "
  • are not given the notice to leave the property that your landlord must give you
    • ", + "
  • find the locks have been changed
    • ", + "
  • are evicted without a court order
    • ", + "

    Even if your landlord\u2019s property is repossessed by their mortgage lender, the lender must give you notice so you can find other accommodation.

    ", + "

    If you have an assured, assured shorthold or regulated tenancy, they must give you:

    ", + "
  • 3 months to leave the property if you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020
    • ", + "
  • 6 months to leave if you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021
    • ", + "
  • 4 months to leave if you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021
    • ", + "

    In Wales, the notice period must be:

    ", + "
  • at least 6 months if they gave you notice on or after 24 July 2020
    • ", + "
  • at least 3 months if they issued a section 8 notice for antisocial behaviour
    • ", + "

    Citizens Advice has information on repossession by your landlord\u2019s mortgage lender.

    ", + "

    What you can do

    ", + "

    If you think you\u2019re being harassed or threatened with illegal eviction, or the property you rent is being repossessed, talk to your local council.

    ", + "

    It may have someone specialising in tenant harassment issues.

    ", + "

    Local councils can also start legal proceedings if they think there\u2019s enough evidence of harassment or illegal eviction.

    ", + "

    You could also contact a legal adviser, a Citizens Advice office or Shelter\u2019s housing advice helpline.

    ", + "

    Your local area may also have other housing or legal advice organisations - your local council, phonebook or library should have details.

    ", + "

    If physical violence is involved, contact the police.

    ", + "

    For further advice, the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government has a detailed guide for tenants facing harassment and illegal eviction.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Repossession", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repossession", + "contents": [ + "

    Get advice

    ", + "

    You may be able to postpone or stop your home being repossessed.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Find a solicitor.

    ", + "

    You can also get free advice from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • National Debtline
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • ", + "
  • your local council
    • ", + "

    The law for repossession in Scotland is different.

    ", + "

    Before it goes to court

    ", + "

    What your mortgage lender must do

    ", + "

    Before a mortgage lender can repossess your home, they must:

    ", + "
  • tell you how much you owe
    • ", + "
  • consider a request from you to change the way you pay your mortgage
    • ", + "
  • respond to any offer of payment you make
    • ", + "
  • give you reasons for turning down your offer of payment within 10 days
    • ", + "
  • give you a reasonable amount of time to consider any proposal they make
    • ", + "
  • give you 15 days\u2019 written warning if they plan to start court action
    • ", + "
  • tell you the date and time of a repossession hearing
    • ", + "
  • let your council know within 5 days of getting notification of the date of the court hearing, in case you need to apply to the council as homeless
    • ", + "

    Finding a solution

    ", + "

    Even if your mortgage lender starts a court action, you may still be able to reach an agreement with them.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to attend court to tell the judge about the agreement, unless the court tells you the hearing\u2019s been cancelled or postponed.

    ", + "

    Defence form

    ", + "

    If your lender starts a repossession action against you, the court will send you a blank defence form and guidance on how to fill it in.

    ", + "

    You can use the form to explain why you think the lender should not repossess your home. You need to return it within 14 days.

    ", + "

    The court will also send you:

    ", + "
  • copies of the claim forms for possessing your home, filled in by your lender
    • ", + "
  • a court hearing date
    • ", + "
  • the court\u2019s contact details
    • ", + "

    Help with legal costs

    ", + "

    Legal aid

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income you may be able to get legal aid.

    ", + "

    Free legal advice on the day

    ", + "

    If you have not got help before, you can get last-minute legal help under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme.

    ", + "

    The scheme runs in county courts in England and Wales. It provides you with a specialist adviser on the day of your hearing who can:

    ", + "
  • represent you
    • ", + "
  • help you come to an arrangement with your mortgage lender to pay off your debts
    • ", + "

    To find out about the scheme in your area, contact your local council or the court where your case is being heard.

    ", + "

    The hearing

    ", + "

    Repossession hearings normally take place in a judge\u2019s chambers, not in a court room (although it\u2019s treated as a court).

    ", + "

    You can bring an adviser or friend to the hearing, although they must be an adult.

    ", + "

    If you do not attend the court hearing, it\u2019s likely the judge will give your mortgage lender the right to evict you.

    ", + "

    You must keep to any agreement you make in court to pay off arrears. If you do not, you may still risk losing your home.

    ", + "

    What to bring with you

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll likely be asked for proof of your finances. This can include:

    ", + "
  • payslips
    • ", + "
  • bank statements
    • ", + "
  • job offers
    • ", + "
  • letters about benefits
    • ", + "
  • estate agent letter, for example if you\u2019re trying to sell your home to pay off the mortgage
    • ", + "

    Repossession orders

    ", + "

    The lender can only repossess your home if the court grants permission.

    ", + "

    The judge could decide to:

    ", + "
  • adjourn (delay) the hearing
    • ", + "
  • set aside the case, which means no order will be made and the hearing is finished
    • ", + "
  • make a repossession order
    • ", + "

    Outright possession order

    ", + "

    This gives the lender a legal right to own your home on the date given in the order and is sometimes called an \u2018order for possession\u2019. This is usually 28 days after your court hearing.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave your home by the date given in the order, your lender can ask the court to evict you.

    ", + "

    Suspended possession order

    ", + "

    This means that if you make regular payments as set out in the order, you can stay in your home.

    ", + "

    If you do not make the payments, your lender can ask the court to evict you.

    ", + "

    Money order

    ", + "

    This means that you have to pay the lender the amount set out in the order.

    ", + "

    If you do not make these payments:

    ", + "
  • money could be deducted from your wages or bank account
    • ", + "
  • bailiffs may take away things you own
    • ", + "

    Your lender cannot use a money order to evict you from your home. If you do not make payments set out in a money order on time, your lender could go to court again. As a result, the judge could decide to give them a possession order.

    ", + "

    Possession order with money judgment

    ", + "

    A money judgment is usually added to a possession order. It means you owe a specific amount of money usually made up of:

    ", + "
  • your mortgage arrears
    • ", + "
  • court fees
    • ", + "
  • your lender\u2019s legal costs
    • ", + "

    A money judgment will not apply if:

    ", + "
  • you pay your mortgage arrears and any amount set out in a suspended order
    • ", + "
  • your lender sells your home and the sale price is more than the amount set out in the money judgment
    • ", + "

    If you do not pay the amount set out in the money judgment, the lender may ask the court to carry out the instructions in the possession order and the judgment.

    ", + "

    Time order

    ", + "

    This means that the judge changes the amount you pay on your mortgage for a set time by:

    ", + "
  • changing the regular amount you pay
    • ", + "
  • changing the interest rate on your mortgage
    • ", + "
  • delaying the next time you have to make a payment
    • ", + "

    If you do not make the payments, your lender can ask the court to evict you.

    ", + "

    A time order is usually only made on some types of loan like a second mortgage.

    ", + "

    Delaying eviction

    ", + "

    You can ask a judge to \u2018suspend the warrant for possession\u2019. This means delaying the eviction or allowing you to stay in your home if you are able to make payments again.

    ", + "

    A new hearing will be held but the judge will not automatically agree to suspend the possession warrant \u2013 it depends what happens in court.

    ", + "

    If you want to get a warrant suspended, get advice immediately.

    ", + "

    Applying for a suspension

    ", + "

    If you want to apply for a suspension, you should fill out the application notice and either send it or deliver it to the court.

    ", + "

    You must tell the court that you need a hearing at short notice (before your eviction date). You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee.

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay the fee (otherwise known as \u2018fee remission\u2019) if you\u2019re on benefits or low pay.

    ", + "

    Appealing a judge's decision

    ", + "

    If you think the judge made mistakes about the law or the facts of your case in the original hearing, you may be able to appeal.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice if you want to appeal.

    ", + "

    Normally the appeal will be heard by a more senior judge.

    ", + "

    Permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You can ask the judge at the end of your original possession hearing if you can appeal.

    ", + "

    If the judge refuses to give permission to appeal, you can ask a more senior judge.

    ", + "

    If you get permission, make an application as soon as possible after your original possession hearing. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee.

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay the fee if you\u2019re on benefits or low pay.

    ", + "

    What could happen

    ", + "

    At the appeal, the judge can make a number of decisions including:

    ", + "
  • keeping the original decision
    • ", + "
  • dismissing the previous decision or changing it
    • ", + "
  • ordering a new hearing
    • ", + "

    The judge can also decide who pays the legal costs of the appeal.

    ", + "

    If your home is repossessed

    ", + "

    Help from your council

    ", + "

    Your local council must give you advice to help you find a new home.

    ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, they may also be able to provide you with emergency accommodation or a more permanent home.

    ", + "

    Buying another property

    ", + "

    You must tell any new mortgage lender that your previous home was repossessed. This could make getting a new mortgage hard.

    ", + "

    Your previous lender may be able to claim some of the proceeds of your new home if you still owe them money when you sell it.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Squatting and the law", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Squatting is when someone deliberately enters property without permission and lives there, or intends to live there. This is sometimes known as \u2018adverse possession\u2019.

    ", + "

    Squatting in residential buildings (like a house or flat) is illegal. It can lead to 6 months in prison, a \u00a35,000 fine or both.

    ", + "

    Anyone who originally enters a property with the permission of the landlord is not a squatter. For example, if you\u2019re renting a property and fall behind with rent payments you\u2019re not squatting if you continue to live there.

    ", + "

    Although squatting in non-residential building or land is not in itself a crime, it\u2019s a crime to damage the property.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s usually a crime not to leave land or property when you\u2019re instructed to do so by:

    ", + "
  • the owner
    • ", + "
  • the police
    • ", + "
  • the council
    • ", + "
  • a repossession order
    • ", + "

    Squatting in non-residential properties

    ", + "

    A non-residential property is any building or land that is not designed to be lived in.

    ", + "

    Simply being on another person\u2019s non-residential property without their permission is not usually a crime. The police can take action if squatters commit other crimes when entering or staying in a property.

    ", + "

    Crimes include:

    ", + "
  • causing damage when entering the property
    • ", + "
  • causing damage while in the property
    • ", + "
  • not leaving when they\u2019re told to by a court
    • ", + "
  • stealing from the property
    • ", + "
  • using utilities like electricity or gas without permission
    • ", + "
  • fly-tipping
    • ", + "
  • not obeying a noise abatement notice
    • ", + "

    Contact the police if you see someone breaking into or damaging property.

    ", + "

    Squatters' rights to property

    ", + "

    A long-term squatter can become the registered owner of property or land they\u2019ve occupied without the owner\u2019s permission.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if you\u2019re a squatter in a property and want to claim ownership.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply if you can prove:

    ", + "
  • you, or a succession of squatters, have occupied the property continuously for 10 years (12 years if it\u2019s not registered with HM Land Registry)
    • ", + "
  • you (or your predecessors) acted as owners of the property for the whole of that time
    • ", + "
  • you (or any of your predecessors) did not have the owner\u2019s permission, for example the property was not originally rented to a squatter
    • ", + "

    If the property\u2019s registered

    ", + "

    Fill in a form for adverse possession.

    ", + "

    Complete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.

    ", + "

    Send your form and statement to the HM Land Registry Citizen Centre.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will decide if your application is valid and will let the property owner know. The owner has 65 days to object - your application will usually be automatically rejected if they do.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be registered as the owner of the property if there\u2019s no objection.

    ", + "

    You can apply again after 2 years if:

    ", + "
  • the owner has not tried to remove you
    • ", + "
  • the property has not been reclaimed
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still in possession of the property
    • ", + "

    HM Land Registry will usually then register you as the owner.

    ", + "

    If the property\u2019s unregistered

    ", + "

    Complete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.

    ", + "

    Apply for first registration - include your statement with your application.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will:

    ", + "
  • inspect the property - you must pay a fee for this
    • ", + "
  • decide if your application is valid
    • ", + "
  • let the property owner know, if they have their details
    • ", + "

    You can try to come to an agreement with the owners if they object. HM Land Registry will arrange a tribunal to decide who owns the property if you cannot agree or do not want to.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay the costs of the owner, such as their reasonable legal fees, no matter what the outcome.

    ", + "

    Stop squatters legally possessing property

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will tell you if squatters apply for legal ownership of your property if it\u2019s registered - you must take action if you want to keep it.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if squatters try to claim your property.

    ", + "

    How you block an application depends on whether your property is registered with HM Land Registry or not.

    ", + "

    Registered properties

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve 65 days to object to an application - HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will reject the squatters\u2019 application if you\u2019ve got a valid objection.

    ", + "

    You must take action to remove the squatters and reclaim your property once the squatters\u2019 claim is rejected.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to object again if you\u2019ve done nothing within 2 years of the original application and the same squatters reapply.

    ", + "

    Unregistered properties

    ", + "

    You can object to a squatter\u2019s application. HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry may not be able to contact you if your property is not registered.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will decide if your objection is valid - if it is they\u2019ll ask if you want to negotiate with the squatters, for example offer to sell them the property. You\u2019ll be given time to do so.

    ", + "

    A tribunal will decide who owns the property if you cannot agree - HM Land Registry will arrange this.

    ", + "

    Remove squatters

    ", + "

    You can remove squatters using an interim possession order (IPO) or making a claim for possession.

    ", + "

    Do not try to remove the squatters yourself using force or the threat of force - you\u2019re committing a crime if you do.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice from a solicitor if you need help making a claim for possession.

    ", + "

    Interim possession orders

    ", + "

    You can only apply for an IPO if it\u2019s been 28 days or less since you found out your property\u2019s been squatted.

    ", + "

    Fill in an application for an IPO and send it to your local county court.

    ", + "

    The court will send you confirmation of your IPO within a few days. They will also send you documents that you must give to the squatters within 48 hours.

    ", + "

    After being served with an IPO squatters can be sent to prison if they do not:

    ", + "
  • leave your property within 24 hours
    • ", + "
  • stay away from your property for 12 months
    • ", + "

    To get final possession of the property, you must make a claim for possession. You can do this on your IPO application form or separately online.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You cannot use an IPO if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re also making a claim for damages caused by the squatters - instead you should make an ordinary claim for possession
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re trying to evict former tenants, sub-tenants or licensees
    • ", + "

    Claim for possession

    ", + "

    Make a claim for possession if it\u2019s been more than 28 days since you found out about the squatters.

    ", + "

    Where to get help

    ", + "

    You may be classed as homeless if you\u2019re squatting. Get advice from Shelter or Shelter in Wales.

    ", + "

    You can also contact your council for help.

    ", + "

    Report squatters

    ", + "

    Call the police if you:

    ", + "
  • find people squatting in a residential property you own
    • ", + "
  • see someone breaking into anywhere
    • ", + "
  • think someone is squatting
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Noise from roads, trains or planes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane", + "contents": [ + "

    Vehicle noise limits

    ", + "

    There are limits to the amount of noise that vehicles can make on public roads. This applies to all types of vehicles.

    ", + "

    In general, larger vehicles with bigger engines are able to make more noise.

    ", + "

    Noise limits on tyres

    ", + "

    There are noise limits on tyres and since November 2012 all new tyres are graded and labelled to show how noisy they are.

    ", + "

    Modified exhaust systems

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to modify the exhaust system to make a vehicle noisier after it has been \u2018type approved\u2019 (checked it meets environmental and safety standards).

    ", + "

    The police can also take action if your vehicle\u2019s silencer doesn\u2019t work in the way it was designed or if you\u2019re driving in a way that creates too much noise.

    ", + "

    Noise from roads

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no legal limit to road noise, although noise levels might be taken into account when new roads or houses and offices near roads are planned.

    ", + "

    Planned new roads

    ", + "

    When planning a new road local highway authorities assess how the noise at your property will change when the road opens.

    ", + "

    If noise from a new road exceeds certain levels at your home you might be able to get sound insulation.

    ", + "

    Contact your highway authority to apply, or if you\u2019re worried about the noise from a planned road scheme - get their details from your local council.

    ", + "

    Compulsory purchase and road noise

    ", + "

    When a new road is built, it often involves the \u2018compulsory purchase\u2019 of land to make way for the road.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get compensation if a compulsory purchase means you become affected by road noise. Find out more in the guide \u2018Your property and compulsory purchase\u2019.

    ", + "

    After roads open to traffic

    ", + "

    You can apply for compensation if your property value goes down because of road noise from the use of a new or altered road.

    ", + "

    Railway noise

    ", + "

    There are no legal limits to noise from existing railways.

    ", + "

    If you think that noise levels are affecting your health contact your local council who will investigate on your behalf.

    ", + "

    If noise from a new railway affects your property you might be able to get sound insulation for your home. Contact the relevant rail authority - ask your local council for their details.

    ", + "

    If particular trains are causing you a problem, speak to the company running those trains.

    ", + "

    Find information on train operators on the National Rail website or call Network Rail.

    ", + "

    Aircraft noise

    ", + "

    Noise is regulated to some extent at all UK airports. This can include noise limits and restrictions on night flights.

    ", + "

    Aircraft paths are generally designed to fly over the least populated areas.

    ", + "

    Some airports operate grant schemes to install sound insulation in affected homes. Contact the airport that affects you to find out if they run one.

    ", + "

    The Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) has more information on aircraft noise and emissions.

    ", + "

    Complaining about aircraft noise

    ", + "

    To complain about noise or aircraft activities in general, get in touch with the relevant airport.

    ", + "

    Military aircraft

    ", + "

    Military aircraft are covered by different rules. You can complain about military aircraft noise or low flying military aircraft.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    There are strategic noise maps for England provided by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).

    ", + "

    These estimate noise from:

    ", + "
  • major roads - those with more than 6 million vehicle passages annually
    • ", + "
  • major railways - those with more than 60,000 train passages annually
    • ", + "
  • major airports - those with more than 50,000 aircraft movements annually (except for training on light aircraft)
    • ", + "

    They also estimate noise in urban areas (with populations greater than 250,000 and a certain population density).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Capital Gains Tax", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax is a tax on the profit when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) something (an \u2018asset\u2019) that\u2019s increased in value.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s the gain you make that\u2019s taxed, not the amount of money you receive.

    ", + "

    Some assets are tax-free. You also do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax if all your gains in a year are under your tax-free allowance.

    ", + "

    Disposing of an asset

    ", + "

    Disposing of an asset includes:

    ", + "
  • selling it
    • ", + "
  • giving it away as a gift, or transferring it to someone else
    • ", + "
  • swapping it for something else
    • ", + "
  • getting compensation for it - like an insurance payout if it\u2019s been lost or destroyed
    • ", + "

    What you pay it on

    ", + "

    You pay Capital Gains Tax on the gain when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019):

    ", + "
  • most personal possessions worth \u00a36,000 or more, apart from your car
    • ", + "
  • property that\u2019s not your main home
    • ", + "
  • your main home if you\u2019ve let it out, used it for business or it\u2019s very large
    • ", + "
  • shares that are not in an ISA or PEP
    • ", + "
  • business assets
    • ", + "

    These are known as \u2018chargeable assets\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you sell or give away cryptoassets (like cryptocurrency or bitcoin) you should check if you have to pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    Depending on the asset, you may be able to reduce any tax you pay by claiming a relief.

    ", + "

    If you dispose of an asset you jointly own with someone else, you have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your share of the gain.

    ", + "

    When you do not pay it

    ", + "

    You only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your total gains above an annual tax-free allowance.

    ", + "

    You do not usually pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.

    ", + "

    What you do not pay it on

    ", + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax on certain assets, including any gains you make from:

    ", + "
  • ISAs or PEPs
    • ", + "
  • UK government gilts and Premium Bonds
    • ", + "
  • betting, lottery or pools winnings
    • ", + "

    When someone dies

    ", + "

    When you inherit an asset, Inheritance Tax is usually paid by the estate of the person who\u2019s died. You only have to work out if you need to pay Capital Gains Tax if you later dispose of the asset.

    ", + "

    Overseas assets

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax even if your asset is overseas.

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you\u2019re a UK resident but not \u2018domiciled\u2019 and claim the \u2018remittance basis\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re abroad

    ", + "

    You have to pay tax on gains you make on property and land in the UK even if you\u2019re non-resident for tax purposes. You do not pay Capital Gains Tax on other UK assets, for example shares in UK companies, unless you return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax allowances

    ", + "

    You only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your overall gains above your tax-free allowance (called the Annual Exempt Amount).

    ", + "

    The Capital Gains tax-free allowance is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a312,300
    • ", + "
  • \u00a36,150 for trusts
    • ", + "

    You can see tax-free allowances for previous years.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to reduce your tax bill by deducting losses or claiming reliefs - this depends on the asset.

    ", + "

    Gifts to your spouse or charity

    ", + "

    There are special rules for Capital Gains Tax on gifts or assets you dispose of to:

    ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • charity
    • ", + "

    The normal rules apply for gifts to others.

    ", + "

    Your spouse or civil partner

    ", + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your husband, wife or civil partner, unless:

    ", + "
  • you separated and did not live together at all in that tax year
    • ", + "
  • you gave them goods for their business to sell on
    • ", + "

    The tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.

    ", + "

    If they later sell the asset

    ", + "

    Your spouse or civil partner may have to pay tax on any gain if they later dispose of the asset.

    ", + "

    Their gain will be calculated on the difference in value between when you first owned the asset and when they disposed of it.

    ", + "

    If this was before April 1982, your spouse or civil partner should work out their gain using the market value on 31 March 1982 instead.

    ", + "

    They should keep a record of what you paid for the asset.

    ", + "

    Gifts to charity

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give away to charity.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay if you sell an asset to charity for both:

    ", + "
  • more than you paid for it
    • ", + "
  • less than market value
    • ", + "

    Work out your gain using the amount the charity actually pays you, rather than the value of the asset.

    ", + "

    Work out if you need to pay

    ", + "

    You need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell an asset if your total taxable gains are above your annual Capital Gains Tax allowance.

    ", + "

    Work out your total taxable gains

    ", + "
  • Work out the gain for each asset (or your share of an asset if it\u2019s jointly owned). Do this for the personal possessions, shares, property or business assets you\u2019ve disposed of in the tax year.
    • ", + "
  • Add together the gains from each asset.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct any allowable losses.
    • ", + "

    The tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April the following year.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax if your taxable gains are above your allowance.

    ", + "

    If your total gains are less than the tax-free allowance

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay tax if your total taxable gains are under your Capital Gains Tax allowance.

    ", + "

    You still need to report your gains in your tax return if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the total amount you sold the assets for was more than 4 times your allowance
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment
    • ", + "

    There are different rules for reporting a loss.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re non-resident

    ", + "

    You need to tell HMRC when you sell property or land even if your gain is below the tax-free allowance or you make a loss. Non-residents do not pay tax on other capital gains.

    ", + "

    Report and pay Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    How and when you report Capital Gains Tax over your annual allowance depends on what you made the gain on.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to report and pay Capital Gains Tax due on:

    ", + "
  • UK residential property sold since 6 April 2020
    • ", + "
  • any other gains
    • ", + "

    To report any capital gains you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • calculations for each capital gain or loss you report
    • ", + "
  • details of how much you bought and sold the asset for
    • ", + "
  • the dates when you took ownership and disposed of the asset
    • ", + "
  • any other relevant details, such as the costs of disposing of the asset and any tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to
    • ", + "

    If you sold property in the UK on or after 6 April 2020

    ", + "

    You must report and pay any tax due on UK residential property using a Capital Gains Tax on UK property account within 30 days of selling it.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay interest and a penalty if you do not report gains on UK property within 30 days of selling it.

    ", + "

    Sign in or create a Capital Gains Tax on UK property account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password to set your account up or sign in. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one the first time you sign in.

    ", + "

    Once you have an account you can sign in at any time to report Capital Gains Tax on UK property or see any returns you\u2019ve already sent.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not resident in the UK

    ", + "

    You must report sales of UK property as a non-resident within 30 days, even if you have no tax to pay.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re reporting on behalf of someone else or a trust

    ", + "

    You need to use your own Capital Gains Tax on UK property account to report on behalf of someone else.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need proof you\u2019re allowed to report on their behalf, such as a lasting power of attorney. If the person has died, you\u2019ll need to give their date of death.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re reporting as a trustee of a registered trust, you\u2019ll need the trust\u2019s registration number or unique tax reference.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to report your client\u2019s Capital Gains Tax on UK property as an agent.

    ", + "

    If you have other capital gains to report

    ", + "

    If your gain is not from residential property sold in the UK since 6 April 2020, you have a choice of how and when to report the tax.

    ", + "

    Report and pay the tax straightaway

    ", + "

    You can use the \u2018real time\u2019 Capital Gains Tax service immediately if you know what you owe.

    ", + "

    You need to report your gain by 31 December in the tax year after you made the gain. For example, if you made a gain in the 2020 to 2021 tax year, you need to report it by 31 December 2021.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you report and pay.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve reported your gains, HMRC will send you a letter or email giving you a payment reference number and telling you how to pay.

    ", + "

    If you need to change your report using the service, you\u2019ll need your report reference number starting with \u2018RTT\u2019. You\u2019ll get it by email within 10 days.

    ", + "

    Report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the following tax year

    ", + "

    You can report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the tax year after you disposed of assets.

    ", + "

    Do not wait until the next tax year to report gains on UK residential property sold since 6 April 2020. You may have to pay interest and a penalty if you do.

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return, register for Self Assessment after the tax year you disposed of your chargeable assets.

    ", + "

    You can get help with your tax return from an accountant or tax adviser.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve sent your return HMRC will tell you how much you owe in Capital Gains Tax, how to pay and when to pay by.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax rates

    ", + "

    You pay a different rate of tax on gains from residential property than you do on other assets.

    ", + "

    You do not usually pay tax when you sell your home.

    ", + "

    If you pay higher rate Income Tax

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a higher or additional rate taxpayer you\u2019ll pay:

    ", + "
  • 28% on your gains from residential property
    • ", + "
  • 20% on your gains from other chargeable assets
    • ", + "

    If you pay basic rate Income Tax

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer, the rate you pay depends on the size of your gain, your taxable income and whether your gain is from residential property or other assets.

    ", + "
  • Work out how much taxable income you have - this is your income minus your Personal Allowance and any other Income Tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to.
    • ", + "
  • Work out your total taxable gains.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct your tax-free allowance from your total taxable gains.
    • ", + "
  • Add this amount to your taxable income.
    • ", + "
  • If this amount is within the basic Income Tax band you\u2019ll pay 10% on your gains (or 18% on residential property). You\u2019ll pay 20% (or 28% on residential property) on any amount above the basic tax rate.
    • ", + "

    If you have gains from both residential property and other assets

    ", + "

    You can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a trustee or business

    ", + "

    Trustees or personal representatives of someone who\u2019s died pay:

    ", + "
  • 28% on residential property
    • ", + "
  • 20% on other chargeable assets
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay 10% if you\u2019re a sole trader or partnership and your gains qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief.

    ", + "

    If you make a loss

    ", + "

    You can report losses on a chargeable asset to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to reduce your total taxable gains.

    ", + "

    Losses used in this way are called \u2018allowable losses\u2019.

    ", + "

    Using losses to reduce your gain

    ", + "

    When you report a loss, the amount is deducted from the gains you made in the same tax year.

    ", + "

    If your total taxable gain is still above the tax-free allowance, you can deduct unused losses from previous tax years. If they reduce your gain to the tax-free allowance, you can carry forward the remaining losses to a future tax year.

    ", + "

    Reporting losses

    ", + "

    Claim for your loss by including it on your tax return. If you\u2019ve never made a gain and are not registered for Self Assessment, you can write to HMRC instead.

    ", + "

    You do not have to report losses straight away - you can claim up to 4 years after the end of the tax year that you disposed of the asset.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s an exception for losses made before 5 April 1996, which you can still claim for. You must deduct these after any more recent losses.

    ", + "

    Losses when disposing of assets to family and others

    ", + "

    Your husband, wife or civil partner

    ", + "

    You usually do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your spouse or civil partner. You cannot claim losses against these assets.

    ", + "

    Other family members and \u2018connected people\u2019

    ", + "

    You cannot deduct a loss from giving, selling or disposing of an asset to a family member unless you\u2019re offsetting a gain from the same person.

    ", + "

    This also applies to \u2018connected people\u2019 like business partners.

    ", + "

    Connected people

    ", + "

    HMRC defines connected people as including:

    ", + "
  • your brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, children and grandchildren, and their husbands, wives or civil partners
    • ", + "
  • the brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, children and grandchildren of your husband, wife or civil partner - and their husbands, wives or civil partners
    • ", + "
  • business partners
    • ", + "
  • a company you control
    • ", + "
  • trustees where you\u2019re the \u2018settlor\u2019 (or someone connected to you is)
    • ", + "

    Claiming for an asset that\u2019s lost its value

    ", + "

    You can claim losses on assets that you still own if they become worthless or of \u2018negligible value\u2019.

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance on how to make a negligible value claim.

    ", + "

    Special rules

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance on the special rules for losses:

    ", + "
  • when someone dies
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re non-resident and sell UK property or land
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019ve temporarily lived abroad as a \u2018non-resident\u2019
    • ", + "
  • from your income on shares that are unquoted or in the Enterprise Investment Scheme
    • ", + "
  • on overseas assets if you\u2019re \u2018non-domiciled\u2019 in the UK and have claimed the \u2018remittance basis\u2019
    • ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You need to collect records to work out your gains and fill in your tax return. You must keep them for at least a year after the Self Assessment deadline.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep records for longer if you sent your tax return late or HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) have started a check into your return.

    ", + "

    Businesses must keep records for 5 years after the deadline.

    ", + "

    Records you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    Keep receipts, bills and invoices that show the date and the amount:

    ", + "
  • you paid for an asset
    • ", + "
  • of any additional costs like fees for professional advice, Stamp Duty, improvement costs, or to establish the market value
    • ", + "
  • you received for the asset - including things like payments you get later in instalments, or compensation if the asset was damaged
    • ", + "

    Also keep any contracts for buying and selling the asset (for example from solicitors or stockbrokers) and copies of any valuations.

    ", + "

    If you do not have records

    ", + "

    You must try to recreate your records if you cannot replace them after they\u2019ve been lost, stolen or destroyed.

    ", + "

    If you fill in your tax return using recreated records, you\u2019ll need to show where figures are:

    ", + "
  • estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final
    • ", + "
  • provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with the actual figures
    • ", + "

    Market value

    ", + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your asset and what you sold it for.

    ", + "

    There are some situations where you use the market value instead.

    ", + "Situation | Use market value at", + "Gifts | Date of gift", + "Assets sold for less than they were worth to help the buyer | Date of sale", + "Inherited assets where you do not know the Inheritance Tax value | Date of death", + "Assets owned before April 1982 | 31 March 1982", + "

    Checking the market value

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can check your valuation.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve disposed of the asset, complete a \u2018Post-transaction valuation check\u2019 form. Return it to the address on the form - allow at least 3 months for HMRC\u2019s response.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-personal-possessions", + "contents": [ + "

    What you pay it on

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) a personal possession for \u00a36,000 or more.

    ", + "

    Possessions you may need to pay tax on include:

    ", + "
  • jewellery
    • ", + "
  • paintings
    • ", + "
  • antiques
    • ", + "
  • coins and stamps
    • ", + "
  • sets of things, eg matching vases or chessmen
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.

    ", + "

    When you don\u2019t pay it

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t pay Capital Gains Tax on:

    ", + "
  • your car - unless you\u2019ve used it for business
    • ", + "
  • anything with a limited lifespan, eg clocks - unless used for business
    • ", + "

    Jointly owned possessions

    ", + "

    You\u2019re exempt from paying tax on the first \u00a36,000 of your share if you own a possession with other people.

    ", + "

    Work out your gain

    ", + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your personal possession and what you sold it for.

    ", + "

    Use the market value instead if:

    ", + "
  • it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)
    • ", + "
  • you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer
    • ", + "
  • you inherited it (and don\u2019t know the Inheritance Tax value)
    • ", + "
  • you owned it before April 1982
    • ", + "

    Deduct costs

    ", + "

    You can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your personal possession from your gain.

    ", + "

    Costs you can deduct include:

    ", + "
  • fees, eg for valuing or advertising
    • ", + "
  • costs to improve your possession (but not repairs)
    • ", + "
  • VAT (unless you can reclaim it)
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t deduct certain costs, including:

    ", + "
  • interest on a loan to buy your possession
    • ", + "
  • costs you can claim as expenses, if you\u2019ve used your possession for business
    • ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.

    ", + "

    If you sold it for between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000

    ", + "

    You may be able to reduce your gain if you got between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000 for your possession when you sold or disposed of it.

    ", + "
  • Subtract \u00a36,000 from the amount you\u2019ve received.
    • ", + "
  • Multiply this by 1.667.
    • ", + "
  • Compare this with the actual gain - use the lower amount as your capital gain.
    • ", + "

    Work out if you need to pay

    ", + "

    When you know your gain, you can work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve used your possession for business, you can reduce or delay the tax you pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.

    ", + "

    Reporting a loss

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you need to report a loss.

    ", + "

    You can claim losses for possessions sold for less than \u00a36,000. Work out your loss by using \u00a36,000 as the amount you sold your possession for, and report it in your tax return.

    ", + "

    Possessions with a limited lifespan

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions with a lifespan of less than 50 years. This covers all machinery, and includes things like antique clocks or watches.

    ", + "

    Different rules apply if you\u2019ve used the possession for business. You don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax if it doesn\u2019t qualify for capital allowances. If it qualifies, you may need to pay Capital Gains Tax, but you can\u2019t claim losses.

    ", + "

    Possessions that are part of a set

    ", + "

    If you sell all or part of a set to the same person for less than \u00a36,000, you won\u2019t pay tax.

    ", + "

    If you sell parts of a set to different people, you won\u2019t pay tax on each part sold for less than \u00a36,000.

    ", + "

    Sets include things like chessmen, books by the same author, matching vases and sets of china.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pay your Self Assessment tax bill", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-self-assessment-tax-bill", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The deadlines for paying your tax bill are usually:

    ", + "
  • 31 January - for any tax you owe for the previous tax year (known as a balancing payment) and your first payment on account
    • ", + "
  • 31 July for your second payment on account
    • ", + "

    If you delayed making a payment on account in July 2020 because of coronavirus (COVID-19), this will be added to your tax bill due by 31 January 2021.

    ", + "

    Pay Self Assessment now

    ", + "

    You can pay in regular monthly instalments, if you prefer.

    ", + "

    You can get help if you cannot pay your tax bill on time.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. You\u2019ll be charged interest and may have to pay a penalty if your payment is late.

    ", + "

    The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Same or next day

    ", + "
  • through your online bank account
    • ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • by debit or corporate credit card online
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    You need a paying-in slip from HMRC to pay at a bank or building society.

    ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up with HMRC before)
    • ", + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set one up with HMRC before)
    • ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments or by debit or credit card).

    ", + "

    Problems with payment services

    ", + "

    Online payment services may be slow during busy times. Check if there are any current problems or times they are not available.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Set up a Direct Debit through your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make single payments for 31 January.

    ", + "

    You can also set up another Direct Debit if you need to make a payment on account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to set up single payments each time you want to pay by Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your 11-character payment reference. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find it either on your:

    ", + "
  • HMRC online account
    • ", + "
  • paying-in slip, if you get paper statements
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your Self-Assessment tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    Make an online or telephone bank transfer

    ", + "

    You can pay your Self Assessment bill using Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.

    ", + "

    Pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs

    ", + "

    Your bill will tell you which account to pay in to. If you do not have a bill, or you\u2019re not sure, use HMRC Cumbernauld.

    ", + "

    Account details to use

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    If your account is overseas

    ", + "Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account number (IBAN) | Account name", + "BARCGB22 | GB62BARC20114770297690 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "BARCGB22 | GB03BARC20114783977692 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    What you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your 11-character payment reference when you pay. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can find it on your:

    ", + "
  • HMRC online account
    • ", + "
  • paying-in slip, if you get paper statements
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Payments from overseas may take longer - check with your bank.

    ", + "

    Multiple payments by CHAPS

    ", + "

    Send an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single CHAPS payment for multiple Self Assessment bills, using more than one payment reference number.

    ", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    Approve a payment through your online bank account

    ", + "

    You can pay your Self Assessment bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re ready to pay, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your Self Assessment payment.

    ", + "

    The payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    Use your 11-character payment reference when you pay. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find it either:

    ", + "
  • in your HMRC online account
    • ", + "
  • on your paying-in slip, if you get paper statements
    • ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, not the date it reaches their account - including on bank holidays and weekends.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your Self Assessment tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You can only pay at your branch by cash or cheque if you both:

    ", + "
  • still get paper statements from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • have the paying-in slip HMRC sent you
    • ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 11-character payment reference on the back of the cheque. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the paying-in slip.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches their account (as long as you pay from Monday to Friday).

    ", + "

    If you do not have a paying-in slip

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay by another method instead, for example:

    ", + "
  • debit or corporate credit card online
    • ", + "
  • online or telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit
    • ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 11-character payment reference on the back of the cheque. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find this on your payslip.

    ", + "

    Include the payslip HMRC sent you (if you still get paper statements). Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque correctly.

    ", + "

    If you do not have an HMRC payslip

    ", + "

    You can print a slip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.

    ", + "

    Pay in instalments

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already filed your Self Assessment tax return, you might be able to pay the bill in instalments.

    ", + "

    What you need to do depends on whether you want to:

    ", + "
  • make payments against your latest bill
    • ", + "
  • make advance payments against your next bill
    • ", + "

    If you cannot afford to pay your latest bill

    ", + "

    You can set up a payment plan to spread the cost of your latest Self Assessment bill if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you owe \u00a330,000 or less
    • ", + "
  • you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC
    • ", + "
  • your tax returns are up to date
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline
    • ", + "

    You can choose how much to pay straight away and how much you want to pay each month. You\u2019ll have to pay interest.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t keep up with your repayments, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay everything you owe.

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways you can set up a payment plan:

    ", + "
  • set up a payment plan online
    • ", + "
  • call the Payment Support Service
    • ", + "

    If you want to make regular payments in advance

    ", + "

    You can set up a budget payment plan if you want to put aside money to cover your next Self Assessment tax bill.

    ", + "

    This is different from payments on account, which you normally make once every 6 months towards your next tax bill.

    ", + "

    The budget payment plan lets you:

    ", + "
  • decide how much to pay each week or month
    • ", + "
  • stop paying for up to 6 months
    • ", + "

    You must be up to date with your previous Self Assessment payments.

    ", + "

    Set up your plan using your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account. Go to the Direct Debit section and choose the budget payment option when filling in the Direct Debit form.

    ", + "

    If the amount in your budget payment plan does not cover your next bill in full, you\u2019ll need to pay the difference by the payment deadlines.

    ", + "

    Through your tax code

    ", + "

    You can pay your Self Assessment bill through your PAYE tax code as long as all these apply:

    ", + "
  • you owe less than \u00a33,000 on your tax bill
    • ", + "
  • you already pay tax through PAYE, for example you\u2019re an employee or you get a company pension
    • ", + "
  • you submitted your paper tax return by 31 October or your online tax return online by 30 December
    • ", + "

    How it\u2019s set up

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will automatically collect what you owe through your tax code if you meet all 3 conditions, unless you\u2019ve specifically asked them not to (on your tax return).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible, you will not be able to pay this way.

    ", + "

    When you cannot pay through your tax code

    ", + "

    You will not be able to pay your tax bill through your PAYE tax code if:

    ", + "
  • you do not have enough PAYE income for HMRC to collect it
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019d pay more than 50% of your PAYE income in tax
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019d end up paying more than twice as much tax as you normally do
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed you cannot pay Class 2 National Insurance through your tax code, unless it\u2019s been due since before 6 April 2015. You must use one of the other ways to pay by the deadline instead.

    ", + "

    How deductions are made

    ", + "

    The tax you owe will be taken from your salary or pension in equal instalments over 12 months, along with your usual tax deductions.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    View your HM Revenue and Customs online account to check if your payment\u2019s been received - it should show as paid between 3 to 6 working days later.

    ", + "

    If paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to ask for a receipt from HMRC.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax when you sell shares", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-shares", + "contents": [ + "

    What you pay it on

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) shares or other investments.

    ", + "

    Shares and investments you may need to pay tax on include:

    ", + "
  • shares that are not in an ISA or PEP
    • ", + "
  • units in a unit trust
    • ", + "
  • certain bonds (not including Premium Bonds and Qualifying Corporate Bonds)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax. This will depend on if your total gains are above your Capital Gains Tax allowance for the tax year.

    ", + "

    When you do not pay it

    ", + "

    You do not usually need to pay tax if you give shares as a gift to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.

    ", + "

    You also do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you dispose of:

    ", + "
  • shares you\u2019ve put into an ISA or PEP
    • ", + "
  • shares in employer Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)
    • ", + "
  • UK government gilts (including Premium Bonds)
    • ", + "
  • Qualifying Corporate Bonds
    • ", + "
  • employee shareholder shares - depending on when you got them
    • ", + "

    Work out your gain

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your shares and what you sold them for.

    ", + "

    Market value

    ", + "

    In some situations you should use the market value of the shares when working out your gain. Do this if:

    ", + "
  • you gave them away as a gift to someone other than your spouse, civil partner or a charity
    • ", + "
  • you sold them for less than they were worth
    • ", + "
  • you inherited them and do not know the Inheritance Tax value
    • ", + "
  • you owned them before April 1982
    • ", + "
  • you acquired them through certain Employee Share Schemes
    • ", + "

    If the shares were given or sold to you by someone who claimed Gift Hold-Over Relief, use the amount that person paid for them to work out your gain. If you paid less than they were worth, use the amount you paid for them.

    ", + "

    Selling in special circumstances

    ", + "

    There are special rules for working out the cost of your shares if you sell:

    ", + "
  • shares you bought at different times and prices in one company
    • ", + "
  • shares through an investment club
    • ", + "
  • shares after a company merger or takeover
    • ", + "
  • employee share scheme shares
    • ", + "

    Jointly owned shares and investments

    ", + "

    If you sell shares or investments that you own jointly with other people, work out the gain for the portion that you own, instead of the whole value. There are different rules for investment clubs.

    ", + "

    What to do next

    ", + "

    Deduct costs

    ", + "

    You can deduct certain costs of buying or selling your shares from your gain. These include:

    ", + "
  • fees, for example stockbrokers\u2019 fees
    • ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) when you bought the shares
    • ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.

    ", + "

    Apply reliefs

    ", + "

    You may be able to reduce or delay paying Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.

    ", + "

    Work out if you need to pay

    ", + "

    When you know your gain you need to work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    You may be able to work out how much tax to pay on your shares.

    ", + "

    You can use the calculator if you sold shares that were:

    ", + "
  • the same type, acquired in the same company on the same date
    • ", + "
  • sold at the same time
    • ", + "

    You can not use the calculator if you:

    ", + "
  • sold other shares in the tax year
    • ", + "
  • sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, such as a property you let out
    • ", + "
  • claim any reliefs
    • ", + "
  • are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative
    • ", + "

    Calculate Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    Reporting a loss

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you need to report a loss.

    ", + "

    You can claim losses on shares you own if they become worthless or of \u2018negligible value\u2019 (for example because the company goes into liquidation).

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance on making a negligible value claim.

    ", + "

    Selling shares in the same company

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way of working out your cost if you\u2019ve sold the same type of shares in a company that you bought at different times.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to work out the average cost of your shares and deduct this from what you got for them to work out your gain.

    ", + "

    If you bought new shares of the same type in the same company within 30 days of selling your old ones, there are special rules for working out the cost to use in your tax calculations.

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help if you need advice.

    ", + "

    Investment clubs

    ", + "

    You work out your gain differently if you\u2019ve bought and sold shares through an investment club.

    ", + "

    An investment club is a group of people that buys and sells shares together on the stock market.

    ", + "

    Work out your gain

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a written statement of your gains and losses (an \u2018investment club certificate (PDF, 212KB)\u2019) at the end of each tax year from the person who runs the club, for example its treasurer.

    ", + "

    When you know your gain, work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax. There are special rules if you make any losses.

    ", + "

    Leaving an investment club

    ", + "

    The club buys back your shares if you leave, and you need to include any gain or loss when you\u2019re working out if you need to pay tax.

    ", + "
  • Take your share of any gains during your membership of the club, and deduct your share of any losses.
    • ", + "
  • Add any income from dividends you received (after tax).
    • ", + "
  • Add any other money you received from the club, and deduct anything you paid into it (for example a monthly amount to invest).
    • ", + "
  • Deduct the total from what you received from the club for your shares.
    • ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional help (for example from an accountant) if you need advice.

    ", + "

    Transferring shares into the club

    ", + "

    If you transfer shares you already own into the club, you\u2019re treated as selling them and you need to work out your gain.

    ", + "

    If you run an investment club

    ", + "

    The investment club treasurer or secretary should:

    ", + "
  • divide any income, gains and losses between its members according to the club\u2019s rules
    • ", + "
  • give every member a written statement at the end of each tax year - you can use HMRC\u2019s investment club certificate (PDF, 212KB)
    • ", + "
  • keep records including members\u2019 income and gains
    • ", + "
  • arrange to buy shares from members who want to leave the club
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re starting a new investment club, make sure it has a constitution and rules. Get legal advice from a professional if you need help.

    ", + "

    Tax relief

    ", + "

    You may be able to reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you have to pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.

    ", + "Relief | Description", + "Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief | Pay 10% Capital Gains Tax instead of the normal rates if you sell shares in a trading company that you work for and have at least 5% of the shares and voting rights (known as a \u2018personal company\u2019).", + "Gift Hold-Over Relief | Pay no Capital Gains Tax if you give away shares in a personal company or unlisted company - the person you gave them to pays tax when they sell them.", + "Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS) | Delay or reduce your Capital Gains Tax if you use a gain to buy unlisted shares in companies approved for EIS.", + "Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) | Pay no Capital Gains Tax on a gain of up to \u00a3100,000 if you use a gain to buy new shares in small early-stage companies approved for SEIS.", + "Rollover relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax if you sell unlisted shares to the trustees of a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and use the proceeds to buy new assets.", + "

    Shares are \u2018unlisted\u2019 if they\u2019re in a company that is not listed on the London Stock Exchange or a recognised stock exchange abroad.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax when you sell your home", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-home", + "contents": [ + "

    Private Residence Relief

    ", + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have one home and you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it
    • ", + "
  • you have not let part of it out - this does not include having a lodger
    • ", + "
  • you have not used a part of your home exclusively for business purposes (using a room as a temporary or occasional office does not count as exclusive business use)
    • ", + "
  • the grounds, including all buildings, are less than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre) in total
    • ", + "
  • you did not buy it just to make a gain
    • ", + "

    If all these apply you will automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief and will have no tax to pay. If any of them apply, you may have some tax to pay.

    ", + "

    Find out if you\u2019re eligible for Private Residence Relief.

    ", + "

    Married couples and civil partners can only count one property as their main home at any one time.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you sell property that\u2019s not your home or if you live abroad.

    ", + "

    Work out your gain

    ", + "

    You may need to pay tax when you sell your home if you do not qualify for full Private Residence Relief.

    ", + "

    If you have tax to pay you need to work out how much gain you made when you sold your home.

    ", + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your home and what you sold it for. Use the market value instead if:

    ", + "
  • it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)
    • ", + "
  • you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer
    • ", + "
  • you inherited the asset (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)
    • ", + "
  • you owned it before April 1982
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not resident in the UK for tax, you only pay tax on gains since 5 April 2015.

    ", + "

    Deducting costs

    ", + "

    You can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:

    ", + "
  • estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees
    • ", + "
  • costs of improvement works, for example for an extension - normal maintenance costs like decorating do not count
    • ", + "

    You cannot deduct certain costs, like interest on a loan to buy your property. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for calculating your gain if you sell a lease or your home is compulsorily purchased.

    ", + "

    Work out if you need to pay

    ", + "

    Once you know your gain and have worked out how much tax relief you get, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the calculator if you:

    ", + "
  • sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares
    • ", + "
  • reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own
    • ", + "
  • claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief
    • ", + "
  • are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative
    • ", + "

    Calculate Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay

    ", + "

    You must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.

    ", + "

    Living away from your home

    ", + "

    You may get less Private Residence Relief if you live away from your home. However, you always get relief for certain periods.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you\u2019re not UK resident for tax.

    ", + "

    Periods that always qualify for relief

    ", + "

    No matter how many homes you own or where you lived at the time, you always get relief for the last 9 months before you sold your home.

    ", + "

    It must have been your only or main residence at some point while you owned it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get relief for up to the first 2 years that you owned the home if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it was being built, renovated or you could not sell your old home
    • ", + "
  • you lived in it as your only or main residence within 2 years of owning it
    • ", + "

    You get relief for these periods even if you nominated a different home as your main home.

    ", + "

    If you have one home or you nominated your home

    ", + "

    You get relief if you were away from it for:

    ", + "
  • any reason for periods adding up to 3 years
    • ", + "
  • up to 4 years if you had to live away from home in the UK for work
    • ", + "
  • any period if you were working outside the UK
    • ", + "

    You must have lived in the home before and afterwards, unless your work prevented you.

    ", + "

    If you only own one home you get relief for the last 36 months before you sold your home if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re disabled
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in long-term residential care
    • ", + "
  • you sold the property before 6 April 2014
    • ", + "

    You get relief for the last 18 months if none of these apply, but you sold your home before 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    If you own more than one home

    ", + "

    In most cases, you only get relief for one home for any period. You must work out when you lived in each property as your main home.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership only one home per couple counts as your main home for any period.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve nominated a home you cannot get relief for another property for the time your home is nominated, apart from for the periods that always qualify for relief.

    ", + "

    There are other rules that affect tax relief when you sell your home.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure how the rules apply to you, call the Capital Gains Tax helpline.

    ", + "

    Nominating a home

    ", + "

    If you nominate a property as your main home you qualify for relief for most of the time you live away. You must have lived in the home as your only or main residence at some point while you owned it.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you\u2019re not UK resident for tax.

    ", + "

    You cannot get relief for another property for the time your home is nominated, apart from for certain periods that always qualify for relief.

    ", + "

    You can nominate one property as your main home by writing to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). Include the address of the home you want to nominate. All the owners of the property must sign the letter.

    ", + "

    If you want to nominate a home you must do this within 2 years every time your combination of homes changes.

    ", + "

    If you do not nominate a home and you sell one of your properties you must work out how long you lived in it as your main home.

    ", + "

    Overseas properties

    ", + "

    From 6 April 2015, you can only nominate an overseas property if you lived in it for at least 90 days in the tax year.

    ", + "

    If you let out your home

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019ve let out your home. How much you pay depends on how long you lived in it.

    ", + "

    Having a lodger does not count as letting out your home.

    ", + "

    Work out how much tax you have to pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay tax on your \u2018chargeable gain\u2019. This is your gain minus any Private Residence Relief you\u2019re eligible for.

    ", + "

    You get full relief for:

    ", + "
  • the years you lived in the home
    • ", + "
  • the last 9 months you owned the home - even if you were not living there at the time
    • ", + "

    If you sold the property between 6 April 2014 and 6 April 2020, you get relief for the last 18 months you owned it.

    ", + "

    If you only own one home and you\u2019re disabled, in long-term residential care or sold the property before 6 April 2014 you get full relief for the last 36 months you owned it.

    ", + "

    If you only let out part of your home

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out what proportion of your home you lived in. You only get Private Residence Relief on this proportion of your gain.

    ", + "

    Claim Letting Relief

    ", + "

    If you lived in your home at the same time as your tenants, you may qualify for Letting Relief on gains you make when you sell the property.

    ", + "

    You can get the lowest of the following:

    ", + "
  • the same amount you got in Private Residence Relief
    • ", + "
  • \u00a340,000
    • ", + "
  • the same amount as the chargeable gain you made while letting out part of your home
    • ", + "

    Letting Relief does not cover any proportion of the chargeable gain you make while your home is empty.

    ", + "

    There are other rules that may affect the amount of Capital Gains Tax you need to pay.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure how the rules apply to you, call the Capital Gains Tax helpline.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Trusts and taxes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trusts-taxes", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A trust is a way of managing assets (money, investments, land or buildings) for people. There are different types of trusts and they are taxed differently.

    ", + "

    Trusts involve:

    ", + "
  • the \u2018settlor\u2019 - the person who puts assets into a trust
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018trustee\u2019 - the person who manages the trust
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018beneficiary\u2019 - the person who benefits from the trust
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    What trusts are for

    ", + "

    Trusts are set up for a number of reasons, including:

    ", + "
  • to control and protect family assets
    • ", + "
  • when someone\u2019s too young to handle their affairs
    • ", + "
  • when someone cannot handle their affairs because they\u2019re incapacitated
    • ", + "
  • to pass on assets while you\u2019re still alive
    • ", + "
  • to pass on assets when you die (a \u2018will trust\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • under the rules of inheritance if someone dies without a will (in England and Wales)
    • ", + "

    What the settlor does

    ", + "

    The settlor decides how the assets in a trust should be used - this is usually set out in a document called the \u2018trust deed\u2019.

    ", + "

    Sometimes the settlor can also benefit from the assets in a trust - this is called a \u2018settlor-interested\u2019 trust and has special tax rules. Find out more by reading the information on different types of trust.

    ", + "

    What trustees do

    ", + "

    The trustees are the legal owners of the assets held in a trust. Their role is to:

    ", + "
  • deal with the assets according to the settlor\u2019s wishes, as set out in the trust deed or their will
    • ", + "
  • manage the trust on a day-to-day basis and pay any tax due
    • ", + "
  • decide how to invest or use the trust\u2019s assets
    • ", + "

    If the trustees change, the trust can still continue, but there always has to be at least one trustee.

    ", + "

    Beneficiaries

    ", + "

    There might be more than one beneficiary, like a whole family or defined group of people. They may benefit from:

    ", + "
  • the income of a trust only, for example from renting out a house held in a trust
    • ", + "
  • the capital only, for example getting shares held in a trust when they reach a certain age
    • ", + "
  • both the income and capital of the trust
    • ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    Contact a solicitor or tax advisor. They can also talk to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on your behalf if you give them permission.

    ", + "

    You can also get help from the Society of Trust and Estate Practitioners.

    ", + "

    Types of trust

    ", + "

    The main types of trust are:

    ", + "
  • bare trusts
    • ", + "
  • interest in possession trusts
    • ", + "
  • discretionary trusts
    • ", + "
  • accumulation trusts
    • ", + "
  • mixed trusts
    • ", + "
  • settlor-interested trusts
    • ", + "
  • non-resident trusts
    • ", + "

    Each type of trust is taxed differently. Trusts involve a \u2018trustee\u2019, \u2018settlor\u2019 and \u2018beneficiary\u2019.

    ", + "

    Bare trusts

    ", + "

    Assets in a bare trust are held in the name of a trustee. However, the beneficiary has the right to all of the capital and income of the trust at any time if they\u2019re 18 or over (in England and Wales), or 16 or over (in Scotland). This means the assets set aside by the settlor will always go directly to the intended beneficiary.

    ", + "

    Bare trusts are often used to pass assets to young people - the trustees look after them until the beneficiary is old enough.

    ", + "

    Interest in possession trusts

    ", + "

    These are trusts where the trustee must pass on all trust income to the beneficiary as it arises (less any expenses).

    ", + "

    Discretionary trusts

    ", + "

    These are where the trustees can make certain decisions about how to use the trust income, and sometimes the capital.

    ", + "

    Depending on the trust deed, trustees can decide:

    ", + "
  • what gets paid out (income or capital)
    • ", + "
  • which beneficiary to make payments to
    • ", + "
  • how often payments are made
    • ", + "
  • any conditions to impose on the beneficiaries
    • ", + "

    Discretionary trusts are sometimes set up to put assets aside for:

    ", + "
  • a future need, like a grandchild who may need more financial help than other beneficiaries at some point in their life
    • ", + "
  • beneficiaries who are not capable or responsible enough to deal with money themselves
    • ", + "

    Accumulation trusts

    ", + "

    This is where the trustees can accumulate income within the trust and add it to the trust\u2019s capital. They may also be able to pay income out, as with discretionary trusts.

    ", + "

    Mixed trusts

    ", + "

    These are a combination of more than one type of trust. The different parts of the trust are treated according to the tax rules that apply to each part.

    ", + "

    Settlor-interested trusts

    ", + "

    These are where the settlor or their spouse or civil partner benefits from the trust. The trust could be:

    ", + "
  • an interest in possession trust
    • ", + "
  • an accumulation trust
    • ", + "
  • a discretionary trust
    • ", + "

    Non-resident trusts

    ", + "

    This is a trust where the trustees are not resident in the UK for tax purposes. The tax rules for non-resident trusts are very complicated.

    ", + "

    Parental trusts for children

    ", + "

    These are trusts set up by parents for children under 18 who have never been married or in a civil partnership. They\u2019re not a type of trust in their own right but will be either:

    ", + "
  • a bare trust
    • ", + "
  • an interest in possession trust
    • ", + "
  • an accumulation trust
    • ", + "
  • a discretionary trust
    • ", + "

    Read the information on types of trust to find out more.

    ", + "

    Income Tax

    ", + "

    Income Tax on income from the trust is paid by the trustees, but the \u2018settlor\u2019 is responsible for it. This means:

    ", + "
  • The trustees pay Income Tax on the trust income by filling out a Trust and Estate Tax Return.
    • ", + "
  • They give the settlor a statement of all the income and the rates of tax charged on it.
    • ", + "
  • The settlor tells HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about the tax the trustees have paid on their behalf when filling out their Self Assessment tax return.
    • ", + "

    Trusts for vulnerable people

    ", + "

    Some trusts for disabled people or children get special tax treatment. These are called \u2018trusts for vulnerable beneficiaries\u2019.

    ", + "

    Who qualifies as a vulnerable beneficiary

    ", + "

    A vulnerable beneficiary is either someone under 18 whose parent has died or a disabled person who is eligible for any of the following benefits (even if they do not receive them):

    ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance (either the care component at the highest or middle rate, or the mobility component at the higher rate)
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • an increased disablement pension
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    A vulnerable beneficiary can also be someone who is unable to manage their own affairs because of a mental health condition - check with a medical professional that it\u2019s covered by the Mental Health Act 1983.

    ", + "

    Trusts that qualify for special tax treatment

    ", + "

    A trust does not qualify for special Income Tax treatment if the person setting it up can benefit from the trust income. However, from 2008 to 2009 it would qualify for special Capital Gains Tax treatment.

    ", + "

    Trusts for children who\u2019ve lost a parent are usually set up by the parent\u2019s will, or by special rules of inheritance if there\u2019s no will.

    ", + "

    If someone dies without a will in Scotland, a trust set up there for their children is usually treated as a bare trust for tax purposes.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one beneficiary

    ", + "

    If there are beneficiaries who are not vulnerable, the assets and income for the vulnerable beneficiary must be:

    ", + "
  • identified and kept separate
    • ", + "
  • used only for that person
    • ", + "

    Only that part of the trust gets special tax treatment.

    ", + "

    Claiming special tax treatment

    ", + "

    To claim special treatment for Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax, the trustees have to fill in the \u2018Vulnerable Person Election\u2019 form.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one vulnerable beneficiary, each needs a separate form.

    ", + "

    The trustees and beneficiary must both sign the form.

    ", + "

    If the vulnerable person dies or is no longer vulnerable, the trustees must tell HMRC.

    ", + "

    Income Tax

    ", + "

    In a trust with a vulnerable beneficiary, the trustees are entitled to a deduction of Income Tax. It\u2019s calculated like this:

    ", + "
  • Trustees work out what their trust Income Tax would be if there was no claim for special treatment - this will vary according to which type of trust it is.
    • ", + "
  • They then work out what Income Tax the vulnerable person would have paid if the trust income had been paid directly to them as an individual.
    • ", + "
  • They can then claim the difference between these 2 figures as a deduction from their own Income Tax liability.
    • ", + "

    This is a complicated calculation but there\u2019s a detailed worked example on the HMRC website.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax may be due if assets are sold, given away, exchanged or transferred in another way and they\u2019ve gone up in value since being put into trust.

    ", + "

    Tax is only paid by trustees if the assets have increased in value above the \u2018annual exempt amount\u2019, which is an allowance of \u00a312,300 for people who have a mental or physical disability, or \u00a36,150 for other trustees.

    ", + "

    Trustees are responsible for paying any Capital Gains Tax due. If the trust is for vulnerable people, trustees can claim a reduction, which is calculated like this:

    ", + "
  • They work out what they would pay if there was no reduction.
    • ", + "
  • They then work out what the beneficiary would have to pay if the gains had come directly to them.
    • ", + "
  • They can claim the difference between these 2 amounts as a reduction on what they have to pay in Capital Gains Tax using form SA905.
    • ", + "

    This special Capital Gains Tax treatment does not apply in the tax year when the beneficiary dies.

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    These are the situations when trusts for vulnerable people get special Inheritance Tax treatment:

    ", + "
  • for a disabled person whose trust was set up before 8 April 2013 - at least half of the payments from the trust must go to the disabled person during their lifetime
    • ", + "
  • for a disabled person whose trust was set up on or after 8 April 2013 - all payments must go to the disabled person, except for up to \u00a33,000 per year (or 3% of the assets, if that\u2019s lower), which can be used for someone else\u2019s benefit
    • ", + "
  • when someone who has a condition that\u2019s expected to make them disabled sets up a trust for themselves
    • ", + "
  • for a bereaved minor - they must take all the assets and income at (or before becoming) 18
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no Inheritance Tax charge:

    ", + "
  • if the person who set up the trust survives 7 years from the date they set it up
    • ", + "
  • on transfers made out of a trust to a vulnerable beneficiary
    • ", + "

    When the beneficiary dies, any assets held in the trust on their behalf are treated as part of their estate and Inheritance Tax may be charged.

    ", + "

    Trusts usually have 10-year Inheritance Tax charges, but trusts with vulnerable beneficiaries are exempt.

    ", + "

    Trusts and Income Tax

    ", + "

    Different types of trust income have different rates of Income Tax.

    ", + "

    Each type of trust is taxed differently. Trusts involve a \u2018trustee\u2019, \u2018settlor\u2019 and \u2018beneficiary\u2019.

    ", + "

    Accumulation or discretionary trusts

    ", + "

    Trustees are responsible for paying tax on income received by accumulation or discretionary trusts. The first \u00a31,000 is taxed at the standard rate.

    ", + "

    If the settlor has more than one trust, this \u00a31,000 is divided by the number of trusts they have. However, if the settlor has set up 5 or more trusts, the standard rate band for each trust is \u00a3200.

    ", + "

    The tax rates are below.

    ", + "

    Trust income up to \u00a31,000

    ", + "Type of income | Tax rate", + "Dividend-type income | 7.5%", + "All other income | 20%", + "

    Trust income over \u00a31,000

    ", + "Type of income | Tax rate", + "Dividend-type income | 38.1%", + "All other income | 45%", + "

    Dividends

    ", + "

    Trustees do not qualify for the dividend allowance. This means trustees pay tax on all dividends depending on the tax band they fall within.

    ", + "

    Interest in possession trusts

    ", + "

    The trustees are responsible for paying Income Tax at the rates below.

    ", + "Type of income | Income Tax rate", + "Dividend-type income | 7.5%", + "All other income | 20%", + "

    Sometimes the trustees \u2018mandate\u2019 income to the beneficiary. This means it goes to them directly instead of being passed through the trustees.

    ", + "

    If this happens, the beneficiary needs to include this on their Self Assessment tax return and pay tax on it.

    ", + "

    Bare trusts

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the beneficiary of a bare trust you\u2019re responsible for paying tax on income from it.

    ", + "

    You need to tell HMRC about the income on a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register for self-assessment by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.

    ", + "

    Settlor-interested trusts

    ", + "

    The settlor is responsible for Income Tax on these trusts, even if some of the income is not paid out to them. However, the Income Tax is paid by the trustees as they receive the income.

    ", + "
  • The trustees pay Income Tax on the trust income by filling out a Trust and Estate Tax Return.
    • ", + "
  • They give the settlor a statement of all the income and the rates of tax charged on it.
    • ", + "
  • The settlor tells HMRC about the tax the trustees have paid on their behalf on a Self Assessment tax return.
    • ", + "

    The rate of Income Tax depends on what type of trust the settlor-interested trust is.

    ", + "

    Other types of trust

    ", + "

    There are special tax rules for parental trusts for children, trusts for vulnerable people and trusts where the trustees are not resident in the UK for tax purposes. These are called non-resident trusts.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the beneficiary

    ", + "

    Depending on the type of trust and your income, you might be able to claim some of the Income Tax back.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the trustee

    ", + "

    Get help completing the Trust and Estate Tax return.

    ", + "

    If you need more help

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detailed guidance on trusts and Income Tax.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC or get professional tax advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    Trusts and Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax is a tax on the profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when something (an \u2018asset\u2019) that\u2019s increased in value is taken out of or put into a trust.

    ", + "

    When Capital Gains Tax might be payable

    ", + "

    If assets are put into a trust

    ", + "

    Tax is paid by either the person:

    ", + "
  • selling the asset to the trust
    • ", + "
  • transferring the asset (the \u2018settlor\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If assets are taken out of a trust

    ", + "

    The trustees usually have to pay the tax if they sell or transfer assets on behalf of the beneficiary.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no tax to pay in bare trusts if the assets are transferred to the beneficiary.

    ", + "

    Sometimes an asset might be transferred to someone else but Capital Gains Tax is not payable. This happens when someone dies and an \u2018interest in possession\u2019 ends.

    ", + "

    A beneficiary gets some or all of the assets in a trust

    ", + "

    Sometimes the beneficiary of a trust becomes \u2018absolutely entitled\u2019 and can tell the trustees what to do with the assets, for example when they reach a certain age.

    ", + "

    In this case, the trustees pay Capital Gains Tax based on the assets\u2019 market value when the beneficiary became entitled to them.

    ", + "

    Non-UK resident trusts

    ", + "

    The rules for Capital Gains Tax on non-UK resident trusts are complicated. You can get help with your tax.

    ", + "

    Working out total gains

    ", + "

    Trustees need to work out the total taxable gain to know if they have to pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    Allowable costs

    ", + "

    Trustees can deduct costs to reduce gains, including:

    ", + "
  • the cost of the property (including any administration fees)
    • ", + "
  • professional fees, for example for a solicitor or stockbroker
    • ", + "
  • the cost of improving property or land to increase its value, for example building a conservatory (but not repairs or regular maintenance)
    • ", + "

    Tax reliefs

    ", + "

    Trustees might be able to reduce or delay the amount of tax the trust pays if gains are eligible for tax relief.

    ", + "Relief | Description", + "Private Residence Relief | Trustees pay no Capital Gains Tax when they sell a property the trust owns. It must be the main residence for someone allowed to live there under the rules of the trust.", + "Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief | Trustees pay 10% Capital Gains Tax on qualifying gains if they sell assets used in a beneficiary\u2019s business, which has now ended. They may also get relief when they sell shares in a company where the beneficiary had at least 5% of shares and voting rights.", + "Hold-Over Relief | Trustees pay no tax if they transfer assets to beneficiaries (or other trustees in some cases). The recipient pays tax when they sell or dispose of the assets, unless they also claim relief.", + "

    Tax-free allowance

    ", + "

    Trustees only have to pay Capital Gains Tax if the total taxable gain is above the trust\u2019s tax-free allowance (called the Annual Exempt Amount).

    ", + "

    The tax-free allowance for trusts is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a36,150
    • ", + "
  • \u00a312,300 if the beneficiary is vulnerable - a disabled person or a child whose parent has died
    • ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one beneficiary, the higher allowance may apply even if only one of them is vulnerable.

    ", + "

    See tax-free allowances for previous years.

    ", + "

    The tax-free allowance may be reduced if the trust\u2019s settlor has set up more than one trust (\u2018settlement\u2019) since 6 June 1978.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detailed information about Capital Gains Tax and Self Assessment for trusts.

    ", + "

    Report gains to HMRC

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the trustee, report any gains as part of your Trust and Estate Tax Return.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to download and fill in form SA905 if you\u2019re sending your tax return by post.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the beneficiary, you need to report and pay through a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    The rules are different for reporting a loss.

    ", + "

    If you need more help

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detailed guidance on Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC or get professional tax advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    Trusts and Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax may have to be paid on a person\u2019s estate (their money and possessions) when they die.

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax is due at 40% on anything above the threshold - but there\u2019s a reduced rate of 36% if the person\u2019s will leaves more than 10% of their estate to charity.

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax can also apply when you\u2019re alive if you transfer some of your estate into a trust.

    ", + "

    When Inheritance Tax is due

    ", + "

    The main situations when Inheritance Tax is due are:

    ", + "
  • when assets are transferred into a trust
    • ", + "
  • when a trust reaches a 10-year anniversary of when it was set up (there are 10-yearly Inheritance Tax charges)
    • ", + "
  • when assets are transferred out of a trust (known as \u2018exit charges\u2019) or the trust ends
    • ", + "
  • when someone dies and a trust is involved when sorting out their estate
    • ", + "

    What you pay Inheritance Tax on

    ", + "

    You pay Inheritance Tax on \u2018relevant property\u2019 - assets like money, shares, houses or land. This includes the assets in most trusts.

    ", + "

    There are some occasions where you may not have to pay Inheritance Tax - for example where the trust contains excluded property.

    ", + "

    Special rules

    ", + "

    Some types of trust are treated differently for Inheritance Tax purposes.

    ", + "

    Bare trusts

    ", + "

    These are where the assets in a trust are held in the name of a trustee but go directly to the beneficiary, who has a right to both the assets and income of the trust.

    ", + "

    Transfers into a bare trust may also be exempt from Inheritance Tax, as long as the person making the transfer survives for 7 years after making the transfer.

    ", + "

    Interest in possession trusts

    ", + "

    These are trusts where the beneficiary is entitled to trust income as it\u2019s produced - this is called their \u2018interest in possession\u2019.

    ", + "

    On assets transferred into this type of trust before 22 March 2006, there\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay.

    ", + "

    On assets transferred on or after 22 March 2006, the 10-yearly Inheritance Tax charge may be due.

    ", + "

    During the life of the trust there\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay as long as the asset stays in the trust and remains the \u2018interest\u2019 of the beneficiary.

    ", + "

    Between 22 March 2006 and 5 October 2008:

    ", + "
  • beneficiaries of an interest in possession trust could pass on their interest in possession to other beneficiaries, like their children
    • ", + "
  • this was called making a \u2018transitional serial interest\u2019
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay in this situation
    • ", + "

    From 5 October 2008:

    ", + "
  • beneficiaries of an interest in possession trust cannot pass their interest on as a transitional serial interest
    • ", + "
  • if an interest is transferred after this date there may be a charge of 20% and a 10-yearly Inheritance Tax charge will be payable unless it\u2019s a disabled trust
    • ", + "

    If you inherit an interest in possession trust from someone who has died, there\u2019s no Inheritance Tax at the 10-year anniversary. Instead, 40% tax will be due when you die.

    ", + "

    If the trust is set up by a will

    ", + "

    Someone might ask that some or all of their assets are put into a trust. This is called a \u2018will trust\u2019.

    ", + "

    The personal representative of the deceased person has to make sure that the trust is properly set up with all taxes paid, and the trustees make sure that Inheritance Tax is paid on any future charges.

    ", + "

    If the deceased transferred assets into a trust before they died

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re valuing the estate of someone who has died, you\u2019ll need to find out whether they made any transfers in the 7 years before they died. If they did, and they paid 20% Inheritance Tax, you\u2019ll need to pay an extra 20% from the estate.

    ", + "

    Even if no Inheritance Tax was due on the transfer, you still have to add its value to the person\u2019s estate when you\u2019re valuing it for Inheritance Tax purposes.

    ", + "

    Trusts for bereaved minors

    ", + "

    A bereaved minor is a person under 18 who has lost at least one parent or step-parent. Where a trust is set up for a bereaved minor, there are no Inheritance Tax charges if:

    ", + "
  • the assets in the trust are set aside just for bereaved minor
    • ", + "
  • they become fully entitled to the assets by the age of 18
    • ", + "

    A trust for a bereaved young person can also be set up as an 18 to 25 trust - the 10-yearly charges do not apply. However, the main differences are:

    ", + "
  • the beneficiary must become fully entitled to the assets in the trust by the age of 25
    • ", + "
  • when the beneficiary is aged between 18 and 25, Inheritance Tax exit charges may apply
    • ", + "

    Trusts for disabled beneficiaries

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no 10-yearly charge or exit charge on this type of trust as long as the asset stays in the trust and remains the \u2018interest\u2019 of the beneficiary.

    ", + "

    You also do not have to pay Inheritance Tax on the transfer of assets into a trust for a disabled person as long as the person making the transfer survives for 7 years after making the transfer.

    ", + "

    Paying Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    You pay Inheritance Tax using form IHT100.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re valuing the estate of someone who\u2019s died, you may have to value other assets apart from trusts to see if Inheritance Tax is due.

    ", + "

    More help and information

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detailed guidance on trusts and Inheritance Tax.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC or get professional tax advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    Beneficiaries - paying and reclaiming tax on trusts

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a trust beneficiary there are different rules depending on the type of trust. You might have to pay tax through Self Assessment or you might be entitled to a tax refund.

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return and need to, you must register for Self Assessment by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.

    ", + "

    Read the information on the different types of trust to understand the main differences between them. If you\u2019re not sure what type of trust you have, ask the trustees.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the beneficiary of a bare trust you are responsible for declaring and paying tax on its income. Do this on a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return and need to, you must register for Self Assessment by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.

    ", + "

    Interest in possession trusts

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the beneficiary of this type of trust, you\u2019re entitled to its income (after expenses) as it arises.

    ", + "

    If you ask for a statement, the trustees must tell you:

    ", + "
  • the different sources of income
    • ", + "
  • how much income you\u2019ve been given
    • ", + "
  • how much tax has been paid on the income
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get income sent through the trustees, but they might pass it to you directly without paying tax first. If this happens you need to include it on your Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return you must register for Self Assessment by 5 October the year after you were given the income.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer

    ", + "

    You will not owe any extra tax. You\u2019ll still need to complete a Self Assessment tax return to show the income you receive from an interest in possession trust but you will get a credit for the tax paid by the trustees. This means the income is not taxed twice.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a higher rate taxpayer

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay extra tax on the difference between what tax the trustees have paid and what you, as a higher rate taxpayer, are liable for. This will be calculated when you do your Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    How to reclaim tax

    ", + "

    You can reclaim tax paid on:

    ", + "
  • dividends (if you\u2019re entitled to dividend allowance)
    • ", + "
  • savings interest (if you\u2019re entitled to personal savings allowance)
    • ", + "
  • trade and property income (if you\u2019re entitled to trading allowance or property allowance)
    • ", + "

    The allowance amount will be reduced if it\u2019s already been used against some income. The allowance you have left is called the \u2018available allowance\u2019.

    ", + "

    If the amount of income you receive is less than or equal to the available allowance, you can reclaim all of the tax paid.

    ", + "

    If the amount of income you receive is more than the available allowance, you can only claim the tax paid on the available allowance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a Self Assessment taxpayer the repayment will be calculated as part of your return.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a Self Assessment taxpayer you can reclaim the tax using form R40.

    ", + "

    You need to make a separate claim for each tax year.

    ", + "

    Accumulation or discretionary trusts

    ", + "

    With these trusts all income received by beneficiaries is treated as though it has already been taxed at 45%. If you\u2019re an additional rate taxpayer there will be no more tax to pay.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax back on trust income you\u2019ve received if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a non-taxpayer
    • ", + "
  • you pay tax at the basic rate of 20%
    • ", + "
  • you pay tax at the higher rate of 40%
    • ", + "

    You can reclaim the tax paid using form R40. If you complete a tax return, you can claim through Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    Settlor-interested discretionary trusts

    ", + "

    If a settlor-interested trust is a discretionary trust, payments made to the settlor\u2019s spouse or civil partner are treated as though they\u2019ve already been taxed at 45%. There\u2019s no more tax to pay. However, unlike payments made from other types of trusts, the tax credit cannot be claimed back.

    ", + "

    Non-resident trusts

    ", + "

    This is a trust where the trustees are not resident in the UK for tax purposes. The tax rules for this type of trust are very complicated - there\u2019s detailed guidance on non-resident trusts.

    ", + "

    If a pension scheme pays into a trust

    ", + "

    When a pension scheme pays a taxable lump sum into a trust after the pension holder dies, the payment is taxed at 45%.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a beneficiary and receive a payment funded by this lump sum, you\u2019ll also be taxed.

    ", + "

    You can claim back tax paid on the original lump sum - do this on your Self Assessment tax return if you complete one, or using form R40.

    ", + "

    The trust will tell you the amount you need to report - this will normally be more than the amount you actually receive.

    ", + "

    Trustees - tax responsibilities

    ", + "

    As the trustee, you\u2019re responsible for reporting and paying tax on behalf of the trust.

    ", + "

    If there are 2 or more trustees, nominate one as the \u2018principal acting trustee\u2019 to manage its tax. The other trustees are still accountable, and can be charged tax and interest if the trust does not pay.

    ", + "

    Registering a trust

    ", + "

    Once a trust becomes liable for tax, you must register the trust with HM Revenue and Customs.

    ", + "

    Sending tax returns

    ", + "

    You must report the trust\u2019s income and gains in a trust and estate Self Assessment tax return after the end of each tax year. You can either:

    ", + "
  • buy software to send it electronically by 31 January
    • ", + "
  • fill in paper form SA900 and post it to HMRC by 31 October (3 months earlier)
    • ", + "

    You can also get help, for example from HMRC or by getting an accountant to do your return for you.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve sent your return, HMRC will tell you how much you owe. You\u2019ll need to pay your Self Assessment bill by the deadline.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to collect and keep records (for example bank statements) to complete your tax return.

    ", + "

    Telling beneficiaries about tax and income

    ", + "

    You must give the beneficiary a statement with the amount of income and tax paid by the trust, if they ask. You can use form R185 (trust) to do this. There\u2019s a different form if you need to provide a statement to a settlor who retains an interest.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one beneficiary, you must give each of them this information relative to the amount they receive.

    ", + "

    Death benefit payments from a pension scheme

    ", + "

    You must give the beneficiary extra information if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you make a payment funded by a taxable lump sum from a pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • the pension holder has died
    • ", + "

    Use form R185 (LSDB) if you\u2019re a trustee. There\u2019s a different form if you\u2019re a pension administrator.

    ", + "

    You must tell the beneficiary within 30 days.

    ", + "

    Other responsibilities

    ", + "

    You may have to report other things to HMRC. You need to:

    ", + "
  • use the online service to tell HMRC if there are any changes to the trust
    • ", + "
  • fill in form IHT100 when the trust needs to pay Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "

    Your other responsibilities as a trustee depend on the type of trust and any instructions from the person who set up the trust in the trust deed.

    ", + "

    When you must register a trust

    ", + "

    You must register your trust with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if it becomes liable for any of the following:

    ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax
    • ", + "
  • Income Tax
    • ", + "
  • Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Land Tax or Land and Buildings Transaction Tax in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Reserve Tax
    • ", + "

    You must also register a trust to claim tax relief.

    ", + "

    Non-resident trusts

    ", + "

    You must register a non-resident trust if it becomes liable for:

    ", + "
  • tax on UK income
    • ", + "
  • tax on UK assets
    • ", + "

    You can get professional advice from a solicitor or tax advisor about registering a trust.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to register your trust

    ", + "

    You do not need to register your trust if:

    ", + "
  • it has to pay Income Tax of less than \u00a3100 on interest
    • ", + "
  • only the settlor or beneficiary of the trust has to pay tax
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a bare trust
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a charitable trust
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a resulting trust and the assets go back to the settlor because all the beneficiaries have died
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a statutory trust created through legislation
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a constructive trust imposed by a court
    • ", + "
  • it holds a pension scheme already registered with HMRC
    • ", + "

    You also do not need to register your trust if you have to file information:

    ", + "
  • under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA)
    • ", + "
  • for Common Reporting Standard (CRS) purposes
    • ", + "

    Deadlines for registering

    ", + "

    The deadline depends on the tax your trust is liable for.

    ", + "

    Trusts liable for Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s the first time your trust is liable for either tax, the deadline is 5 October in the tax year after it first becomes liable for these taxes.

    ", + "

    For example, if your trust first becomes liable for Income Tax during the 2020 to 2021 tax year, you must register by 5 October 2021.

    ", + "

    If your trust has been liable for either tax before, the deadline is 31 January in the tax year after it\u2019s again liable for these taxes.

    ", + "

    For example, if your trust is liable for Income Tax during the 2020 to 2021 tax year and it has been liable for Income Tax before, you must register by 31 January 2022.

    ", + "

    Trusts liable for other taxes

    ", + "

    You must register by 31 January in the tax year after the one in which the trust is liable for any of the following:

    ", + "
  • Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Land Tax or Land and Buildings Transaction Tax in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Reserve Tax
    • ", + "

    You must register by the earlier deadline if your trust is liable for more than one tax and both deadlines apply.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    How you register a trust depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a trustee
    • ", + "
  • an agent registering a trust for a client
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you need to register an estate of someone who\u2019s died.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Apply to bankrupt someone who owes you money", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-to-bankrupt-someone", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You have to present a bankruptcy petition to a court if you want to bankrupt someone because they owe you money.

    ", + "

    There are also other ways to recover money you\u2019re owed.

    ", + "

    A bankruptcy petition is an application to the court for someone\u2019s assets to be taken and sold to pay their debts.

    ", + "

    Presenting a petition can be complicated. Most people use a solicitor or other professional to help them.

    ", + "

    Using a mediation service could be quicker and cheaper. Mediation is when an impartial person helps 2 sides work out an agreement.

    ", + "

    You can contact the Insolvency Service if you have questions about making someone bankrupt.

    ", + "

    How to present a petition

    ", + "
  • Prove you\u2019re owed at least \u00a35,000 or a share of debts totalling at least \u00a35,000.
    • ", + "
  • Check for other bankruptcy petitions against the person who owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019).
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the forms and deliver them to the court.
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    The court fees to make someone bankrupt are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3990 petition deposit (for managing the bankruptcy)
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3280 for court costs
    • ", + "

    Pay the fees using cash, postal order or a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019. You can pay by credit or debit card if you apply online.

    ", + "

    Prove you're owed \u00a35,000 or more

    ", + "

    To make someone bankrupt you must be owed one of the following:

    ", + "
  • at least \u00a35,000
    • ", + "
  • a share of debts that total at least \u00a35,000
    • ", + "

    You must provide evidence to the court that you\u2019re owed this money. There are 2 ways to do this.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve issued a statutory demand (a request for payment) to the debtor, confirm that you did this by filling in a certificate of service (form N215).

    ", + "

    Alternatively, get a sheriff\u2019s or bailiff\u2019s statement showing:

    ", + "
  • you got a court judgment for the money
    • ", + "
  • the sheriff or bailiff could not recover enough assets to pay the debt
    • ", + "

    Check for other bankruptcy petitions

    ", + "

    You must check if the debtor has had any bankruptcy petitions against them in the past 18 months. These checks are called \u2018searches\u2019.

    ", + "

    Most petitions are presented in the area where the debtor lives. Government departments, including HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), present all petitions in London.

    ", + "

    Check for petitions presented in London

    ", + "

    Carry out checks using the public computers at either:

    ", + "
  • the Rolls Building of the Royal Courts of Justice
    • ", + "
  • the Central London County Court
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a311 to use the computers for 15 minutes. You can pay by debit or credit card or with cash.

    ", + "

    Check for petitions presented in a county court outside London

    ", + "

    Contact the county court for the area where the debtor lives.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll advise you how to check for petitions.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve made your checks

    ", + "

    You must confirm you\u2019ve carried out the searches by writing a declaration - use the wording below and fill in the petition number and the name of the court if applicable.

    ", + "

    Sign and date the declaration and attach it to your petition form.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s already a petition or bankruptcy order

    ", + "

    It\u2019s cheaper to support an existing petition than to present your own. Notify the petitioner using the contact details on the petition.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s already a bankruptcy order, you cannot continue with your petition. Register as a creditor instead.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    The bankruptcy petition form you fill in depends on whether:

    ", + "
  • the debtor has not responded to a statutory demand
    • ", + "
  • the sheriff or bailiff could not recover enough assets to pay the debt
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide the following as part of the petition:

    ", + "
  • a statement of truth confirming the details of your petition
    • ", + "
  • a declaration that you\u2019ve carried out searches
    • ", + "
  • evidence you\u2019re owed money
    • ", + "

    Presenting the petition

    ", + "

    How you present the petition will depend on the debtor\u2019s circumstances.

    ", + "

    Submit the petition online if the debtor either:

    ", + "
  • lives in London and owes you \u00a350,000 or more
    • ", + "
  • has \u2018no fixed abode\u2019 (no fixed or regular address)
    • ", + "

    It\u2019ll go to the High Court.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, give the petition in person to the county court nearest to where the debtor lives or works.

    ", + "

    If the debtor owns a business

    ", + "

    Choose the court nearest to the debtor\u2019s business address unless this changed in the last 6 months and they\u2019ve been at their home address longer.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give (\u2018serve\u2019) a copy of the petition to the debtor in person.

    ", + "

    If the debtor has an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA) you\u2019ll also need to give a copy to the supervisor.

    ", + "

    Send the court a certificate of service (form N215) to confirm you\u2019ve done this.

    ", + "

    If your case is with the High Court you can only submit the certificate of service online. If it\u2019s with another court you can send it there by post.

    ", + "

    If you cannot serve the petition to the debtor in person

    ", + "

    You can ask the court for permission to serve it in another way, for example by post.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to provide a certificate of service confirming you\u2019ve used a \u2018substituted service\u2019.

    ", + "

    Court hearing

    ", + "

    The court will tell you where and when the petition will be heard. This will be at least 14 days after you served the petition to the debtor.

    ", + "

    The debtor can oppose the petition by giving the court a statement of truth at least 5 days before the hearing.

    ", + "

    You must list the people that you want to appear and speak at the hearing.

    ", + "

    The debtor and a supervisor of an IVA can also appear and speak at the hearing.

    ", + "

    At the end of the hearing the court can:

    ", + "
  • stay (delay or stop) the petition
    • ", + "
  • dismiss the petition
    • ", + "
  • adjourn (postpone) the hearing
    • ", + "
  • make a bankruptcy order
    • ", + "

    If the court dismisses your petition, you\u2019ll get your petition deposit back.

    ", + "

    Read more about what happens after a bankruptcy order is made.

    ", + "

    After the hearing

    ", + "

    An Official Receiver at the Insolvency Service will deal with the early stages of a bankruptcy. They will contact you within 12 weeks of the bankruptcy order being made.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the court if your petition is rejected.

    ", + "

    Check with the court where you made your petition for how to appeal.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Applying to become bankrupt", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to make yourself bankrupt if you cannot pay your debts.

    ", + "

    Check if there are other ways you can deal with your debts before you apply for bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    Your application will be looked at by someone who works for the Insolvency Service called an \u2018adjudicator\u2019. They\u2019ll decide if you should be made bankrupt.

    ", + "

    The process is different if someone else is applying to make you bankrupt.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can only apply for bankruptcy online. It costs \u00a3680.

    ", + "

    What happens when you go bankrupt

    ", + "

    If the adjudicator makes you bankrupt:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll receive a copy of the bankruptcy order and may be interviewed about your situation
    • ", + "
  • your assets can be used to pay your debts
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions
    • ", + "
  • your name and details will be published in the Individual Insolvency Register
    • ", + "

    You can apply to have your address removed from the Individual Insolvency Register if publishing it will put you at risk of violence. This will not affect your bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    After 12 months you\u2019re usually released (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your bankruptcy restrictions and debts. Assets that were part of your estate during the bankruptcy period can still be used to pay your debts.

    ", + "

    You might be able to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy before you\u2019re discharged.

    ", + "

    Bankruptcy only applies to individuals. Find out what your options are if your limited company cannot pay its creditors.

    ", + "

    Get help and information

    ", + "

    Read the following:

    ", + "
  • the Citizens Advice bankruptcy advice guide
    • ", + "
  • the Money Advice Service\u2019s guide on options for writing off your debt
    • ", + "

    You can also contact the National Debtline for bankruptcy advice.

    ", + "

    You can get free advice from a debt adviser to help you decide how to deal with your debts.

    ", + "

    If you do not live in England or Wales

    ", + "

    The process to become bankrupt is different if you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland. You cannot apply to become bankrupt in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply if you live anywhere else - talk to a debt adviser.

    ", + "

    You must not break the bankruptcy restrictions in England or Wales. These might also apply outside England and Wales - check the laws of the country you live in.

    ", + "

    Get a person at risk of violence (PARV) order

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re made bankrupt, your name and address will be published in:

    ", + "
  • the Individual Insolvency Register
    • ", + "
  • the London Gazette
    • ", + "

    If having your address published will put you at risk of violence, you can apply to the court for a person at risk of violence (PARV) order.

    ", + "

    Your name will still be published, but your address will not be.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a PARV if you\u2019ve already started a bankruptcy application.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application form.

    ", + "

    Take your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy. They\u2019ll tell you if you need to pay a fee to apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to go to a hearing to present your application to a judge - the court will tell you when and where this will take place. You\u2019ll usually get a decision on the same day.

    ", + "

    Submit your bankruptcy application once you have your PARV order.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get an email or letter from the adjudicator within 28 days of submitting your application to say if you\u2019ve been made bankrupt.

    ", + "

    This can take longer if the adjudicator needs to ask more questions about your application.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll then issue a bankruptcy order.

    ", + "

    After you get your bankruptcy order

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the official receiver within 2 weeks of getting your bankruptcy order. The official receiver is an officer of the court who manages your bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get an information pack that explains what you need to know and what you must do.

    ", + "

    You might be asked to:

    ", + "
  • fill in a questionnaire
    • ", + "
  • attend an interview with the official receiver
    • ", + "
  • give the official receiver more information about your debts, creditors, assets and income
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to attend an interview

    ", + "

    The interview can be in person or over the phone. The official receiver will:

    ", + "
  • check the information they have about your debts and assets
    • ", + "
  • ask for more details, for example about your pension or savings
    • ", + "
  • ask how and why you became bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • answer any questions you have about the bankruptcy process
    • ", + "

    Your release (\u2018discharge\u2019) from bankruptcy may be delayed if you do not provide the information you\u2019re asked for.

    ", + "

    Restrictions

    ", + "

    You have to follow bankruptcy restrictions when you\u2019re bankrupt. This means you cannot:

    ", + "
  • borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender you\u2019re bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • act as a director of a company without the court\u2019s permission
    • ", + "
  • create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission
    • ", + "
  • manage a business with a different name without telling people you do business with that you\u2019re bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • work as an insolvency practitioner (an authorised debt specialist)
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s a criminal offence to break the restrictions - you might be prosecuted if you do.

    ", + "

    You must co-operate with the people managing your bankruptcy, for example by providing them with the information they ask for.

    ", + "

    How long the restrictions last

    ", + "

    Restrictions last until your bankruptcy ends. This will happen sooner if you cancel your bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    When the restrictions can be extended

    ", + "

    Bankruptcy restrictions can be extended if you do not carry out your duties under the bankruptcy proceedings or if you\u2019re found to have acted carelessly or dishonestly.

    ", + "

    The official receiver will tell you if the restrictions will be extended.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to agree to a Bankruptcy Restrictions Undertaking to extend the restrictions. If you do not agree, they\u2019ll ask the court to issue a Bankruptcy Restrictions Order.

    ", + "

    Your assets

    ", + "

    Your assets might be sold to pay your bankruptcy debts. You have to hand over your assets to the person appointed to manage your bankruptcy (your \u2018trustee\u2019). They can be:

    ", + "
  • an official receiver - an officer of the court
    • ", + "
  • an insolvency practitioner - an authorised debt specialist
    • ", + "

    The official receiver will usually act as your trustee to begin with.

    ", + "

    Assets you can keep

    ", + "

    You can usually keep:

    ", + "
  • items needed for your job, such as tools or a vehicle
    • ", + "
  • household items, such as clothing, bedding or furniture
    • ", + "

    You might have to give these items up if they\u2019re worth more than a reasonable replacement.

    ", + "

    Your bank accounts

    ", + "

    You must give the official receiver your bank cards, cheque books and credit cards for any accounts you\u2019re no longer allowed to use. This includes any account that was overdrawn on the date you were made bankrupt.

    ", + "

    Your accounts will be frozen but your trustee may release:

    ", + "
  • any money you need urgently, for example to buy food
    • ", + "
  • your partner\u2019s share of any money in a joint account
    • ", + "

    Your bank will decide whether to allow you to continue using your accounts.

    ", + "

    Your pension

    ", + "

    You usually keep any money you\u2019ve put into a pension.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.

    ", + "

    Speak to your trustee or read the guidance to find out how bankruptcy will affect your pension.

    ", + "

    You can get free advice on managing your money and how bankruptcy affects your credit rating from Citizens Advice or National Debtline.

    ", + "

    Your home

    ", + "

    Your home might be sold depending on your equity - your share after any secured debts (like a mortgage) have been paid.

    ", + "

    You might have to give up:

    ", + "
  • your equity
    • ", + "
  • legal ownership of the property if your equity is \u00a31,000 or more
    • ", + "

    If your trustee has not put your home up for sale within 3 years it will be transferred back to you.

    ", + "

    Sole owners

    ", + "

    The equity and legal ownership are transferred to your trustee. This means you cannot sell the property or claim any money from a sale.

    ", + "

    A bankruptcy restriction or notice is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register to say this.

    ", + "

    It can only be removed if it\u2019s been added to your property by mistake. Send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying you are not bankrupt and an application to change the register for a property.

    ", + "

    Joint owners

    ", + "

    The equity is transferred to your trustee.

    ", + "

    A \u2018Form J restriction\u2019 is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register. This means your trustee will be told of any dealings connected with your home, for example if you try to sell it.

    ", + "

    It can be removed if you can prove you (as the bankrupt) do not have a share in the property, for example if your partner owns the property. The owner has to send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying they are not the bankrupt person and an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction.

    ", + "

    Stop the sale of your home

    ", + "

    You might be able to stop or delay the sale of your home if, for example:

    ", + "
  • the value of your equity is less than \u00a31,000
    • ", + "
  • the equity or legal title can be sold to someone else, such as a partner
    • ", + "
  • you need to organise somewhere for children or a partner to live - the sale can be delayed for up to 1 year
    • ", + "

    You may want to get legal advice to find out if you can stop or delay the sale of your home.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Rented property

    ", + "

    Your landlord may be told that you\u2019re bankrupt and your rental situation may be affected.

    ", + "

    Your income

    ", + "

    Your trustee will tell you if you have to make monthly payments from your spare income - you\u2019ll only have to do this if you can afford it.

    ", + "

    The arrangement can last for up to 3 years and is called an Income Payments Agreement (IPA).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.

    ", + "

    If you do not agree to the IPA your trustee can ask the court to order you to make monthly payments. This is called an Income Payments Order (IPO).

    ", + "

    Your official receiver will set up your IPA or IPO and charge a fee. The fee can be up to \u00a3150 and is taken out of your first payment.

    ", + "

    How much you pay

    ", + "

    The monthly amount you pay depends on how much you can afford after essential expenses like food and bills are paid.

    ", + "

    Cancel a bankruptcy

    ", + "

    You can apply to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy if:

    ", + "
  • the bankruptcy order should not have been made
    • ", + "
  • all your debts and bankruptcy fees have been paid or secured (guaranteed) by a third party
    • ", + "
  • you\u2018ve made an Individual Voluntary Arrangement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts
    • ", + "

    If your circumstances change and you can pay off all your debts, then you must pay it through your official receiver or a solicitor.

    ", + "

    This means you will not have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application form.

    ", + "

    Send or take your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    You must tell the court if you want details of your bankruptcy removed from the Land Charges register.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a date for a court hearing of your application, which you must attend.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to attend your interview with the official receiver if you\u2019ve been asked to.

    ", + "

    If the court agrees with your application, they\u2019ll make an annulment order which cancels your bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    Advertise your cancellation order

    ", + "

    You can ask the official receiver to advertise your annulment order within 28 days of getting it. You cannot do this if your bankruptcy order has not been advertised yet.

    ", + "

    Your annulment order will be advertised wherever your bankruptcy order was.

    ", + "

    When bankruptcy ends

    ", + "

    Your bankruptcy and the restrictions generally end when you\u2019re \u2018discharged\u2019, which is usually automatic.

    ", + "

    This is usually 12 months after the adjudicator made you bankrupt. It can be longer in some circumstances, for example if you do not co-operate with your trustee.

    ", + "

    Check your discharge date online using the Individual Insolvency Register.

    ", + "

    If you cancel your bankruptcy, all restrictions will end immediately and your details will be removed from the Individual Insolvency Register.

    ", + "

    Proof of discharge

    ", + "

    Email the Insolvency Service and ask for a \u2018confirmation letter\u2019 to prove your bankruptcy has ended. There\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for a mortgage, you\u2019ll need a Certificate of Discharge.

    ", + "

    How you get it depends on how you applied for your bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    If you applied:

    ", + "
  • at a court, contact the court and pay the \u00a370 fee (\u00a310 for each copy)
    • ", + "
  • online, email the Insolvency Service - there\u2019s no fee
    • ", + "

    Bankruptcy registers

    ", + "

    The Individual Insolvency Register is updated within 3 months of your discharge.

    ", + "

    You must apply to both Land Charges and HM Land Registry to have your bankruptcy entry removed from any properties you still own after paying your debts.

    ", + "

    Bankruptcy entries are automatically removed from the Land Charges register after 5 years if they\u2019re not renewed.

    ", + "

    Apply to Land Charges

    ", + "

    Send an application to cancel an entry in the Land Register (K11) to the Land Charges Department.

    ", + "

    You need to include:

    ", + "
  • a copy of your court order permitting the cancellation (or \u2018vacation\u2019) of the entry
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31 for each entry you want to cancel
    • ", + "

    Apply to HM Land Registry

    ", + "

    You need to send HM Land Registry either:

    ", + "
  • an application to change the register for a property, if you\u2019re the sole owner of your property
    • ", + "
  • an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction, if you own your property with someone else
    • ", + "

    You must include a copy of your court order.

    ", + "

    All forms sent will be destroyed once the registers are updated. You can send copies if you write \u201cI certify that this is a true copy of the original\u201d together with your signature on the first page.

    ", + "

    Your credit record

    ", + "

    Credit reference agencies will not be told directly when your bankruptcy ends - they\u2019ll get this information from public records.

    ", + "

    Get a copy of your credit reference report - contact a credit reference agency if it needs updating.

    ", + "

    Your bankruptcy can stay on your credit reference file for 6 years from the date of your bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    Debts that will not be written off

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re discharged you\u2019ll be released from most, but not all, of the debts you owed at the date of the bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    Debts you will not be released from include:

    ", + "
  • debts arising from fraud
    • ", + "
  • anything you owe under family proceedings - unless the court decides otherwise
    • ", + "
  • damages for personal injuries to anyone - unless the court decides otherwise
    • ", + "
  • debts which were not included in the bankruptcy itself, for example a debt to the Student Loans Company
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Having debt repayments taken from your wages", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/debt-payments-from-your-wages", + "contents": [ + "

    When repayments can be taken

    ", + "

    You can have debt repayments taken out of your wages if you owe someone money from either:

    ", + "
  • unpaid maintenance payments
    • ", + "
  • county court judgment (CCJ)
    • ", + "

    The person you owe money is called a \u2018creditor\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can also have benefit overpayments taken from your wages by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) or your local council.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re told

    ", + "

    You and your employer will get a document (called an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019) from the court. This will tell you:

    ", + "
  • how much you owe
    • ", + "
  • how much your employer takes from your wages - you can apply to get this changed if you cannot afford it
    • ", + "
  • when and how the payments have to be made
    • ", + "

    You and your employer can be fined if they do not follow the order. You cannot ask them to ignore it.

    ", + "

    Change how much you pay

    ", + "

    You can apply to get the payments reduced if you cannot afford them. Download and fill in form N244 and send it to the court that issued the court order.

    ", + "

    You have to do this within 14 days of getting the order.

    ", + "

    You can also apply if the order has been in place for some time and your circumstances change.

    ", + "

    Pay off the debt more quickly

    ", + "

    Speak to the person or company you owe the money to if you want to pay more. They might either:

    ", + "
  • take extra payments directly
    • ", + "
  • agree to put the order on hold so you can pay more directly to them
    • ", + "

    The court will tell you if your debt is put on hold.

    ", + "

    Check how much you owe

    ", + "

    Contact the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office to check how much you still owe. They can also send you a history of the payments you\u2019ve made.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give your case number when you call.

    ", + "

    Report a change in your circumstances

    ", + "

    You must report any changes in your circumstances if you\u2019re paying off a debt through your wages.

    ", + "

    Change your name or address

    ", + "

    If you need to change your name or address, tell:

    ", + "
  • the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office
    • ", + "
  • the court who issued the court order
    • ", + "
  • your creditor
    • ", + "

    If you change or lose your job

    ", + "
  • Tell the CAPS office your new employer\u2019s details or that you\u2019ve lost your job.
    • ", + "
  • Download and fill in form N56 in full, and send it to the court who issued the court order.
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019ve paid off the debt

    ", + "

    The Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office will send you a \u2018notice of discharge\u2019 when the debt has been paid off. Your employer and creditor will also get a copy.

    ", + "

    Your employer will then stop making deductions from your wages.

    ", + "

    If you think you\u2019ve overpaid

    ", + "

    Ask the CAPS office to check if you\u2019ve overpaid.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give your case number when you call.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a refund if you\u2019ve overpaid.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Make and serve a statutory demand, or challenge one", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands", + "contents": [ + "

    When you can make a statutory demand

    ", + "

    You can make a statutory demand to ask for payment of a debt from an individual or company.

    ", + "

    Anyone who\u2019s owed money (the \u2018creditor\u2019) can make a statutory demand. You do not need a lawyer.

    ", + "

    If the debt\u2019s over 6 years old, you cannot usually make a statutory demand. You can get legal advice instead.

    ", + "

    There may be faster ways of getting smaller debts paid than making a statutory demand.

    ", + "

    When the individual or company that owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) receives a statutory demand, they have 21 days to either:

    ", + "
  • pay the debt
    • ", + "
  • reach an agreement to pay
    • ", + "

    You can apply to bankrupt your debtor or close (\u2018wind up\u2019) their company if they do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.

    ", + "

    Statutory demand forms

    ", + "

    Choose the form you need, fill it in and deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) it to the individual or company that owes you money.

    ", + "

    You do not need to send a separate letter.

    ", + "

    Serve a demand on an individual (including partners in a partnership)

    ", + "

    Which form you need depends on whether you\u2019re collecting a debt that\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • payable now
    • ", + "
  • payable now following a judgment or court order
    • ", + "
  • payable in the future, if you think they will not be able to pay the debt when they need to
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re serving a demand on a business partnership, you need to download and fill in a form for each partner.

    ", + "

    Serve a demand on a limited company

    ", + "

    Use statutory demand form SD 1.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Scotland

    ", + "

    You must use a different form to make a statutory demand in Scotland.

    ", + "

    How to serve a statutory demand

    ", + "

    You must deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) the statutory demand form by:

    ", + "
  • giving it to the individual who owes you money (you should try all their known addresses)
    • ", + "
  • leaving it at the registered office of the company or partnership that owes money (or the main place of business if they do not have a registered office)
    • ", + "
  • giving it to the company\u2019s director, company secretary, manager or principal officer
    • ", + "
  • get a \u2018process server\u2019 to serve it for you (a solicitor can arrange this)
    • ", + "

    You can only send it by registered post or put it through a letterbox if it cannot be delivered in person.

    ", + "

    Records you must keep

    ", + "

    You must keep a copy of the statutory demand and anything that confirms:

    ", + "
  • the time and date you served the statutory demand, for example a postage receipt or confirmation from your process server
    • ", + "
  • the debtor has received the statutory demand
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need this information if your demand is ignored.

    ", + "

    If your demand is ignored

    ", + "

    If your debtor does not pay the debt or agree to your statutory demand within 21 days, you can:

    ", + "
  • start bankruptcy proceedings against any individuals who owe you \u00a35,000 or more
    • ", + "
  • wind up a company that owes you \u00a3750 or more
    • ", + "

    You have 4 months to apply to bankrupt or wind up your debtor. If you\u2019re late, explain why to the court named on the statutory demand.

    ", + "

    Serve a statutory demand abroad

    ", + "

    Get legal help if you want to serve a statutory demand in another country.

    ", + "

    You need to serve a statutory demand according to local laws but also according to the UK rules.

    ", + "

    Challenge a statutory demand

    ", + "

    If you do not agree with a statutory demand you\u2019ve been given, you can apply to challenge it and get it \u2018set aside\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can be made bankrupt or your company wound up if you ignore a statutory demand.

    ", + "

    You must apply to the court named on your statutory demand. Contact a solicitor or your nearest county court if you\u2019re not sure where to send your application.

    ", + "

    You cannot challenge a statutory demand if it was served on a company. You can apply to stop your creditors from winding up your company instead.

    ", + "

    Any bankruptcy petitions the creditor has already filed against you will usually be suspended until the court reaches a decision.

    ", + "

    The court will not usually set aside a statutory demand if it was served on you following the judgment of another court unless, for example:

    ", + "
  • you think the creditor owes you the same amount as your debt, or more
    • ", + "
  • the amount on the statutory demand is secured
    • ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    You must apply to challenge the statutory demand within either:

    ", + "
  • 18 days if you were in the UK when you got the statutory demand
    • ", + "
  • 21 to 34 days if you were in another country when you got the statutory demand - check the table of countries for specific deadlines
    • ", + "

    If the deadline is during a weekend or on a bank holiday, you have until the next day the court is open to apply.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get an extension in some circumstances - contact the court to find out what these are.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form IAA.

    ", + "

    Make 3 copies of the completed form and either post them to the court named on your statutory demand or give them to the court in person.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually hear back from the court within 10 working days of applying.

    ", + "

    If the court does not agree with your application, it can give the creditor permission to issue a bankruptcy petition against you.

    ", + "

    If the court agrees with your application, your case will be passed on to a bankruptcy registrar. They\u2019ll look at your case and arrange a hearing.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    Both sides will present their case to a registrar or judge. They\u2019ll either make a decision then, or ask you and the other party to give more evidence at another hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision at the end of the final hearing.

    ", + "

    If you win your case, you\u2019ll get an order from the court setting aside the statutory demand. The deadline for paying the debt will be suspended.

    ", + "

    If you lose, you\u2019ll have to pay back your debt within the 21 day time limit. The creditor can apply to bankrupt you if you do not pay in time and your debt is \u00a35,000 or more.

    ", + "

    Do not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.

    ", + "

    Contact the Insolvency Service

    ", + "

    Use the contact form to contact the Insolvency Service about delivering and challenging a statutory demand.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently contact the Insolvency Service by telephone because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Options for paying off your debts", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you owe people money (your \u2018creditors\u2019) you can make arrangements to pay your debts. Your options depend on the amount of money and assets you have.

    ", + "

    Where you can get help

    ", + "

    Speak to a debt adviser to get help choosing the best way to deal with your debt.

    ", + "

    The Money Advice Service has information about debt management and free debt advisory services.

    ", + "

    Paying off your debts

    ", + "

    You can pay your debts in instalments by setting up:

    ", + "
  • a Debt Management Plan which is an agreement with your creditors managed by a financial company
    • ", + "
  • an Administration Order when you\u2019ve had a county court judgment (CCJ) or a High Court judgment (HCJ) against you for debts under \u00a35,000
    • ", + "
  • an Individual Voluntary Arrangement which is managed by an insolvency practitioner
    • ", + "

    You can also get temporary protection from your creditors through the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, while still making repayments. You\u2019ll need to apply through a debt advisor.

    ", + "

    In Scotland you can arrange a Debt Payment Programme from the Debt Arrangement Scheme.

    ", + "

    You may also have the option of reaching an informal agreement with your creditors.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay off your debt

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Debt Relief Order or Bankruptcy Order if you cannot pay your debts because you do not have enough money or assets you can sell.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay off your debts, you can be made bankrupt.

    ", + "

    Breathing Space (Debt Respite Scheme)

    ", + "

    If you live in England or Wales, you can get temporary protection from your creditors while you get debt advice and make a plan. This scheme is called \u2018Breathing Space\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can get temporary protection for up to 60 days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to make your debt repayments.

    ", + "

    If you get it:

    ", + "
  • enforcement action cannot be taken against you
    • ", + "
  • your creditors cannot contact you about debts included in your Breathing Space
    • ", + "
  • your creditors cannot add interest or charges to your debt
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting mental health crisis treatment, your protection from creditors will be longer. It will last for the length of your treatment, plus another 30 days.

    ", + "

    How to apply for the Breathing Space scheme

    ", + "

    To apply for the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, you need to talk to a debt adviser. They will submit an application on your behalf if it\u2019s the right thing to do.

    ", + "

    You can find a free debt adviser on the Money Advice Service website. You can get confidential advice online, over the phone or in person.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re receiving mental health treatment and cannot speak to a debt adviser, someone else can do so on your behalf.

    ", + "

    Costs

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply for \u2018Breathing Space\u2019, but some debt advisers may charge you a fee.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • not have a debt relief order (DRO), an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA), an interim order, or be an undischarged bankrupt at the time you apply
    • ", + "
  • not already be using the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme
    • ", + "
  • not have used the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme in the last 12 months, unless it was for a mental health crisis
    • ", + "

    Debt Management Plans

    ", + "

    A Debt Management Plan is an agreement between you and your creditors to pay all of your debts.

    ", + "

    Debt management plans are usually used when either:

    ", + "
  • you can only afford to pay creditors a small amount each month
    • ", + "
  • you have debt problems but will be able to make repayments in a few months
    • ", + "

    You can arrange a plan with your creditors yourself or through a licensed debt management company for a fee. If you arrange this with a company:

    ", + "
  • you make regular payments to the company
    • ", + "
  • the company shares the money out between your creditors
    • ", + "

    The Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether a Debt Management Plan is right for you.

    ", + "

    Get a Debt Management Plan

    ", + "
  • Set up a plan with a debt management company authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). Search the Financial Services Register for an authorised company.
    • ", + "
  • The company works out your monthly payments. You\u2019ll have to give details about your financial situation, for example your assets, debts, income and creditors.
    • ", + "
  • The company contacts your creditors and asks them to agree to the plan (they do not have to).
    • ", + "

    Unless stated in the agreement, your creditors can still:

    ", + "
  • ask you to pay your full debt at a later date
    • ", + "
  • take action to recover their money even if you keep up your payments
    • ", + "

    Costs

    ", + "

    Some companies will charge:

    ", + "
  • a set up fee
    • ", + "
  • a handling fee each time you make a payment
    • ", + "

    Make sure you understand the costs of your plan and how you pay for it.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Debt Management Plans can only be used to pay \u2018unsecured\u2019 debts, for example debts that have not been guaranteed against your property.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    Your plan can be cancelled if you do not keep up your repayments.

    ", + "

    Administration orders

    ", + "

    An administration order is a way to deal with debt if you have a county court or High Court judgment against you and you cannot pay in full.

    ", + "

    The debt must be less than \u00a35,000.

    ", + "

    You make 1 payment a month to your local court. The court will divide this money between your creditors.

    ", + "

    Creditors listed on the administration order cannot take any further action against you without the court\u2019s permission.

    ", + "

    The Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether an administration order is right for you.

    ", + "

    Get an administration order

    ", + "

    Fill in an application for an administration order (form N92) and return it to your local court.

    ", + "

    The court decides:

    ", + "
  • how much of your debt you have to repay, for example all or just part of it
    • ", + "
  • how much your monthly repayments will be
    • ", + "
  • how long the arrangement lasts
    • ", + "

    The arrangement is known as a \u2018composition order\u2019 if you cannot pay all your debts.

    ", + "

    Costs

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a court fee each time you make a payment. This cannot be more than 10% of your debt.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • owe less than \u00a35,000, including any interest and charges
    • ", + "
  • owe money to at least 2 creditors
    • ", + "
  • prove you can afford regular repayments, for example by giving details of your income
    • ", + "
  • have a county court or High Court judgment against you, which you cannot pay in full
    • ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You must keep up your repayments or the court can:

    ", + "
  • ask your employer take money from your wages \u2013 known as an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019
    • ", + "
  • cancel the arrangement
    • ", + "

    You may still be able to keep your business running, if you have one.

    ", + "

    Public records

    ", + "

    Your administration order is added to the Register of Judgments, Orders and Fines.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s usually removed 6 years after the date the order was made.

    ", + "

    Your entry is marked as \u2018satisfied\u2019 if you repay your debts in full.

    ", + "

    You can also ask the court for a \u2018certificate of satisfaction\u2019. To do this, write to the court and send a cheque for \u00a315 (made payable to Her Majesty\u2019s Courts and Tribunal Service).

    ", + "

    Individual Voluntary Arrangements

    ", + "

    An Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA) is an agreement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts. You agree to make regular payments to an insolvency practitioner, who will divide this money between your creditors.

    ", + "

    An IVA can give you more control of your assets than bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    The Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether an IVA is right for you.

    ", + "

    Get an Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA)

    ", + "

    Use an insolvency practitioner to get an IVA.

    ", + "

    Your insolvency practitioner works out what you can afford to repay and how long the IVA lasts. You\u2019ll have to give details about your financial situation, for example your assets, debts, income and creditors.

    ", + "

    Your insolvency practitioner will contact your creditors. The IVA will start if the creditors holding 75% of your debts agree to it. It will apply to all your creditors, including any who disagreed to it.

    ", + "

    An IVA will stop your creditors taking action against you for your debts.

    ", + "

    Costs

    ", + "

    There are usually 2 fees:

    ", + "
  • a set up fee
    • ", + "
  • a handling fee each time you make a payment
    • ", + "

    Make sure you know how much it\u2019s going to cost before asking an insolvency practitioner to act for you.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    Your IVA can be cancelled by the insolvency practitioner if you do not keep up your repayments. The insolvency practitioner can make you bankrupt.

    ", + "

    You may still be able to keep your business running, if you have one.

    ", + "

    Public records

    ", + "

    Your IVA will be added to the Individual Insolvency Register. It\u2019s removed 3 months after the IVA ends.

    ", + "

    Debt Relief Orders

    ", + "

    Debt Relief Orders (DROs) are one way to deal with your debts if you owe less than \u00a320,000, do not have much spare income and do not own your home.

    ", + "

    If you get one:

    ", + "
  • your creditors cannot recover their money without the court\u2019s permission
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re usually freed (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your debts after 12 months
    • ", + "

    Get a Debt Relief Order

    ", + "

    You get a DRO from the official receiver, an officer of the bankruptcy court, but you must apply through an authorised debt adviser. They\u2019ll help you fill in the paperwork.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a list of organisations that can help you find an authorised debt adviser in the guide to DROs.

    ", + "

    The Money Advice Service has information about where to get free debt advice.

    ", + "

    Costs

    ", + "

    The official receiver\u2019s fee is \u00a390. Your debt adviser can tell you how and when to pay it. In some cases a charity may be able to help you with the cost - ask your debt adviser.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You\u2019re generally eligible if you meet all of these criteria:

    ", + "
  • you owe less than \u00a320,000
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve less than \u00a350 a month spare income
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve less than \u00a31,000 worth of assets
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived or worked in England and Wales within the last 3 years
    • ", + "
  • you have not applied for a DRO within the last 6 years
    • ", + "

    Restrictions

    ", + "

    You must follow rules called \u2018restrictions\u2019 if you get a DRO.

    ", + "

    This means you cannot:

    ", + "
  • borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender about your DRO
    • ", + "
  • act as the director of a company
    • ", + "
  • create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission
    • ", + "
  • manage a business without telling those you do business with about your DRO
    • ", + "

    If you want to open a bank account, you may also have to tell the bank or building society about your DRO.

    ", + "

    Check the Individual Insolvency Register to see when the restrictions end.

    ", + "

    The restrictions usually last 12 months. They can be extended if careless or dishonest behaviour caused your debt problem. For example, you lied to get credit.

    ", + "

    The official receiver will tell you if they should be extended. To extend them, you\u2019ll be asked to agree to a \u2018Debt Relief Restrictions Undertaking\u2019. The court can issue a \u2018Debt Relief Restrictions Order\u2019 if you do not agree.

    ", + "

    What you need to know

    ", + "

    While you have a DRO you still have to pay:

    ", + "
  • your rent and bills
    • ", + "
  • certain debts, for example student loans, court fines
    • ", + "

    DROs can be cancelled if:

    ", + "
  • your finances improve
    • ", + "
  • you do not co-operate with the official receiver - for example you do not give them the information they ask for
    • ", + "

    If you get new debt after your DRO is approved you could:

    ", + "
  • get a bankruptcy order
    • ", + "
  • be prosecuted if you do not tell new creditors about your DRO
    • ", + "

    Your DRO is added to the Individual Insolvency Register - it\u2019s removed 3 months after the DRO ends.

    ", + "

    Your DRO will stay on your credit record for 6 years.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Disagree with a tax decision", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have a query about a tax decision. If you do not understand the decision you can also get advice from HMRC or professional help.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    HMRC will send you a decision letter that will tell you if you can appeal against a tax decision.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against some decisions about:

    ", + "
  • your tax bill (for example Self Assessment, Corporation Tax, VAT)
    • ", + "
  • a claim for tax relief
    • ", + "
  • a request for information or to check your business records
    • ", + "
  • a penalty (for example if you paid your tax late or filed your tax return late)
    • ", + "

    Your appeal can be made by someone who deals with your taxes, for example an accountant.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay your own costs if you appeal a tax decision. You may be able to delay the payment of a penalty or any tax you owe until your appeal\u2019s been resolved.

    ", + "

    If HMRC did not act on information

    ", + "

    You may be able to ask HMRC to cancel tax you owe if they did not act on information that you, your employer or the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) gave them.

    ", + "

    You can do this if you owe:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax, for example because you were on the wrong tax code
    • ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax
    • ", + "
  • Class 4 National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "

    Appeal against a tax decision

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to tell you if you can appeal. You can use the appeal form you got with your decision letter, or write to HMRC at the address on the letter. You usually have 30 days to appeal.

    ", + "

    If you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any decision dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    You must include:

    ", + "
  • your name or business name
    • ", + "
  • your tax reference number (this will be on the decision letter)
    • ", + "
  • what you disagree with and why
    • ", + "
  • what you think the correct figures are and how you\u2019ve calculated them
    • ", + "
  • your signature
    • ", + "

    You should also tell HMRC if you have any extra information or if you think they\u2019ve missed something.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a letter you can write to the HMRC office related to your return.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal a decision about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can request a review by HMRC or appeal straight to the tax tribunal.

    ", + "

    If customs has seized your things because you have not paid duty or VAT, you can ask for your things back.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    When you appeal you can accept HMRC\u2019s offer of a review, or request one (if it\u2019s for direct tax). HMRC will tell you what to do next.

    ", + "

    A review will be carried out by someone who was not involved in the original decision. This usually takes 45 days, but HMRC will contact you if it will take longer.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision
    • ", + "
  • consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:

    ", + "
  • your review decision is dated February 2020 or later
    • ", + "
  • you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline
    • ", + "

    Appeal against a penalty

    ", + "

    You can appeal to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a penalty, for example for:

    ", + "
  • an inaccurate return
    • ", + "
  • sending in your tax return late
    • ", + "
  • paying tax late
    • ", + "
  • failing to keep adequate records
    • ", + "

    A HMRC officer who was not previously involved with your penalty decision will carry out a review if you appeal.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal a penalty about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can either:

    ", + "
  • request a review from HMRC
    • ", + "
  • appeal straight to the tax tribunal
    • ", + "

    Your penalty may be cancelled or amended if you have a reasonable excuse.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    If HMRC sends you a penalty letter by post, use the appeal form that comes with it or follow the instructions on the letter.

    ", + "

    For Self Assessment, PAYE, VAT and Corporation Tax, there are extra documents you can use or alternative ways to appeal.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing a Self Assessment penalty

    ", + "

    You can get your penalty cancelled if you did not send a tax return because you no longer needed to. Tell HMRC online you do not need to be self assessed or call the helpline.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, to appeal you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • the date the penalty was issued
    • ", + "
  • the date you filed your Self Assessment tax return
    • ", + "
  • details of your reasonable excuse for late filing
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing a \u00a3100 late filing penalty from tax year 2015 to 2016 onwards, you can appeal online or by post. You\u2019ll need to set up a Government Gateway account if you do not have one to appeal online.

    ", + "

    For other penalties, you need to appeal by post. Send a completed form SA370 or a letter explaining your appeal to HMRC Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing a penalty to a partnership for a late tax return, appeal by post using form SA371. Only the nominated partner can appeal.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employer appealing a PAYE penalty

    ", + "

    You can appeal online if you\u2019re registered for HMRC\u2019s PAYE for employers service. Once you\u2019ve logged in, select \u2018Appeal a penalty\u2019. You\u2019ll get an immediate acknowledgment when you submit your appeal.

    ", + "

    If you filed a late VAT or Corporation Tax return

    ", + "

    You can also use these specific forms for:

    ", + "
  • VAT if you had a reasonable excuse for filing late
    • ", + "
  • Corporation Tax if you filed late because of computer problems
    • ", + "

    If you do not have an appeal form

    ", + "

    You can send a signed letter to HMRC instead. Your letter must include:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your reference number, for example your Self Assessment Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) or VAT registration number
    • ", + "
  • a full explanation of why your return or payment was late, including dates
    • ", + "

    If you could not file or pay because of computer problems, you should include the date you tried to file or pay online with details of any system error message.

    ", + "

    Send your claim to the HMRC office related to your return.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    You must usually appeal within 30 days of the date of the penalty notice.

    ", + "

    If you miss this deadline you must explain the reason for the delay so that HMRC can decide if they\u2019ll consider your appeal.

    ", + "

    If you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any penalty dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision
    • ", + "
  • consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:

    ", + "
  • your review decision is dated February 2020 or later
    • ", + "
  • you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline
    • ", + "

    Delay payment while appealing

    ", + "

    You may be able to delay paying a tax bill or penalty if you disagree with the amount.

    ", + "

    Direct tax

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve appealed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a direct tax decision (such as Income Tax, Corporation Tax or Capital Gains Tax) write to the HMRC office that sent you the decision, telling them:

    ", + "
  • why you think the amount you\u2019ve been asked to pay is too much
    • ", + "
  • what you think the correct amount is and when you\u2019ll pay it
    • ", + "

    HMRC will tell you in writing if they agree.

    ", + "

    Penalty

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve appealed against a penalty you will not have to pay until your appeal has been settled.

    ", + "

    Indirect tax

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve asked HMRC to review an indirect tax decision, for example VAT or Insurance Premium Tax, you will not need to pay until the review has finished.

    ", + "

    If you appeal to the tax tribunal you\u2019ll usually have to pay the tax before they will hear your appeal. You can ask to delay paying the tax if it would cause you extreme financial difficulty (for example, bankruptcy or liquidation).

    ", + "

    Once a final decision has been reached, you must pay any money that you owe in full including interest.

    ", + "

    Penalty

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve asked for a review, or appealed to the tribunal about a penalty, HMRC will not ask you to pay it until your appeal has been settled.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    You can ask for the decision to be reviewed if you do not agree with the outcome.

    ", + "

    Reasonable excuses

    ", + "

    You can appeal against some penalties if you have a reasonable excuse, for example for your return or payment being late.

    ", + "

    What may count as a reasonable excuse

    ", + "

    A reasonable excuse is something that stopped you meeting a tax obligation that you took reasonable care to meet, for example:

    ", + "
  • your partner or another close relative died shortly before the tax return or payment deadline
    • ", + "
  • you had an unexpected stay in hospital that prevented you from dealing with your tax affairs
    • ", + "
  • you had a serious or life-threatening illness
    • ", + "
  • your computer or software failed just before or while you were preparing your online return
    • ", + "
  • service issues with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online services
    • ", + "
  • a fire, flood or theft prevented you from completing your tax return
    • ", + "
  • postal delays that you could not have predicted
    • ", + "
  • delays related to a disability you have
    • ", + "

    You must send your return or payment as soon as possible after your reasonable excuse is resolved.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    HMRC will consider coronavirus as a reasonable excuse for missing some tax obligations (such as payments or filing dates).

    ", + "

    Explain how you were affected by coronavirus in your appeal. You must still make the return or payment as soon as you can.

    ", + "

    What will not count as a reasonable excuse

    ", + "

    The following will not be accepted as a reasonable excuse:

    ", + "
  • you relied on someone else to send your return and they did not
    • ", + "
  • your cheque bounced or payment failed because you did not have enough money
    • ", + "
  • you found the HMRC online system too difficult to use
    • ", + "
  • you did not get a reminder from HMRC
    • ", + "
  • you made a mistake on your tax return
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get help from HMRC if you need extra support", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-help-hmrc-extra-support", + "contents": [ + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can help you if you need extra support because of your condition or circumstances. You might need extra support if:

    ", + "
  • you have dyslexia, autism or cognitive difficulties
    • ", + "
  • you have reduced mobility or physical disabilities
    • ", + "
  • you have sensory disabilities, like a visual, hearing or speech impairment
    • ", + "
  • you have mental health conditions, like depression, stress or anxiety
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship - for example you cannot afford essentials like food, bills or rent
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse, including economic abuse
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in hospital
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    There are different ways to contact HMRC if you need:

    ", + "
  • to use textphone, webchat or BSL
    • ", + "
  • information in a different format
    • ", + "
  • help filling in forms
    • ", + "
  • more time because of your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • information in another language
    • ", + "
  • to appoint someone to talk to HMRC on your behalf
    • ", + "

    If you have a scheduled face-to-face appointment, you should not go to it at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). HMRC will contact you instead.

    ", + "

    If you cannot use a telephone and need a different way to contact HMRC

    ", + "

    There are other ways to contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) than by telephone. You might need to use another form of contact if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re deaf, hearing impaired or hard of hearing
    • ", + "
  • you have a speech impairment
    • ", + "
  • you use British Sign Language (BSL)
    • ", + "
  • you have difficulty using the telephone
    • ", + "

    Text Service (Relay UK)

    ", + "

    Dial 18001 then the relevant contact number to use the Relay UK Text Service.

    ", + "

    HMRC also offers a textphone service for some of its helplines.

    ", + "

    Webchat

    ", + "

    You can contact HMRC\u2019s extra support team using webchat.

    ", + "

    If you use British Sign Language (BSL)

    ", + "

    The Royal Association for Deaf people provides:

    ", + "
  • webcam appointments with their tax adviser
    • ", + "
  • a video interpreting service
    • ", + "
  • BSL-captioned video clips linked to HMRC guidance
    • ", + "

    Home visits and appointments

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC cannot do home visits and face-to-face appointments at the moment.

    ", + "

    If you need information in a different format

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) information is available in accessible formats. You might need an alternative format if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re visually impaired
    • ", + "
  • you have dyslexia or autism
    • ", + "
  • you have another condition which makes standard print difficult
    • ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you need a form, leaflet or other information in any of the following formats:

    ", + "
  • Braille
    • ", + "
  • large print
    • ", + "
  • audio on CD
    • ", + "
  • text on CD (standard or large print)
    • ", + "
  • other formats, for example coloured paper
    • ", + "

    Call the relevant contact number and tell HMRC what help you need. For example, call \u2018Self Assessment: general enquiries\u2019 if you need a large-print tax return. They will transfer you to HMRC\u2019s extra support team.

    ", + "

    You can also contact HMRC\u2019s extra support team using webchat.

    ", + "

    If you need help filling in forms

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can help you with filling in forms. You might need help if:

    ", + "
  • you have a mental health condition, like depression, stress or anxiety
    • ", + "
  • you have a visual impairment, dyslexia, autism or cognitive difficulties
    • ", + "
  • you have another condition which makes filling in forms difficult
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship - for example you cannot afford essentials like food, bills or rent
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse, including economic abuse
    • ", + "

    To get help with filling in forms, call the relevant contact number and tell HMRC what help you need. They will transfer you to HMRC\u2019s extra support team.

    ", + "

    You can also contact HMRC\u2019s extra support team using webchat.

    ", + "

    If you need more time because of your circumstances

    ", + "

    In certain circumstances, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can give you an extension to a deadline or spend more time with you on the phone. You can ask for more time if, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a mental health condition, like depression, stress or anxiety
    • ", + "
  • you have a visual impairment, dyslexia, autism or cognitive difficulties
    • ", + "
  • you have another condition which means you need more time
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re experiencing financial difficulties - for example, if you\u2019ve been laid off because of coronavirus (COVID-19)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in hospital (someone else can ask HMRC for you)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse, including economic abuse
    • ", + "

    To ask for more time because of your circumstances, call the relevant contact number and tell HMRC what help you need. They will transfer you to HMRC\u2019s extra support team. You may need to prove why you need more time.

    ", + "

    You can also contact HMRC\u2019s extra support team using webchat.

    ", + "

    If you need information in another language

    ", + "

    You can use a friend or family member as an interpreter when you phone HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    They must be over 16 and will need to be in the same room as you when you call HMRC.

    ", + "

    HMRC may also be able to organise an interpreter for you.

    ", + "

    Use the relevant contact number, for example the Self Assessment helpline, if you need help with your tax return.

    ", + "

    You can also ask for information in another language using webchat.

    ", + "

    If you need someone to talk to HMRC for you

    ", + "

    If you find it difficult to deal with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) yourself, you can appoint someone to talk to HMRC for you. This can be a friend, relative or an adviser from a voluntary organisation.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "If you cannot pay your tax bill on time", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/difficulties-paying-hmrc", + "contents": [ + "

    What to do

    ", + "

    You must arrange to pay your tax bill with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you either:

    ", + "
  • miss a payment
    • ", + "
  • know you cannot pay on time
    • ", + "

    If you pay a tax bill late you must pay interest on the amount you owe until it\u2019s paid off. You can avoid penalties by arranging a payment plan with HMRC before the tax is due \u2013 or by 1 April for Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    If you owe Self Assessment tax and your bill is less than \u00a330,000 you may be able to pay in monthly instalments.

    ", + "

    For any other bills or problems paying, you must contact HMRC to discuss your options. How you contact HMRC depends on what you need to pay.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay your Self Assessment tax in monthly instalments. This includes any delayed (deferred) \u2018payments on account\u2019 that were due in July 2020, if you did not pay them at the time.

    ", + "

    Contact the HMRC coronavirus (COVID-19) helpline if you cannot pay any other tax bills because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    If your business has been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), you may be able to claim a grant through the\u00a0Self-Employment Income Support Scheme.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay your Self Assessment tax bill

    ", + "

    You can set up a payment plan online to spread the cost of your latest Self Assessment bill if:

    ", + "
  • you owe \u00a330,000 or less
    • ", + "
  • you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC
    • ", + "
  • your tax returns are up to date
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline
    • ", + "

    You do not need to contact HMRC if you set up a payment plan.

    ", + "

    Call the Self Assessment helpline if you\u2019re not eligible for a payment plan or cannot use the online service.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay other taxes

    ", + "

    You might be able to set up a Time to Pay Arrangement with HMRC if you\u2019re unable to pay any other taxes in full. This lets you spread the cost of your tax bill by paying what you owe in instalments.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on whether you\u2019ve received a payment demand.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve received a payment demand, like a tax bill or a letter threatening you with legal action, call the HMRC office that sent you the letter.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not received a bill or letter, call the Payment Support Service (PSS).

    ", + "

    Nominated partners in business partnerships can negotiate a Time to Pay Arrangement with HMRC on behalf of the partnership or individual partners.

    ", + "

    Before you contact HMRC

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to know:

    ", + "
  • your reference number (for example, your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference or VAT reference number)
    • ", + "
  • the amount of the tax bill you\u2019re finding it difficult to pay and the reasons why
    • ", + "
  • what you\u2019ve done to try to get the money to pay the bill
    • ", + "
  • how much you can pay immediately and how long you may need to pay the rest
    • ", + "
  • your bank account details
    • ", + "

    What happens when you contact HMRC

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask you about:

    ", + "
  • your income and expenditure
    • ", + "
  • your assets, like savings and investments
    • ", + "
  • what you\u2019re doing to get your tax payments back in order
    • ", + "

    HMRC will decide whether you should be able to pay immediately. If you cannot, they\u2019ll decide whether you\u2019ll be able to get your payments back on track with more time.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked more in-depth questions if you\u2019ve been given more time to pay before. In more complex cases HMRC may ask for evidence before they make a decision.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay immediately if HMRC think you can when you call. You can pay by Direct Debit, corporate credit card or debit card over the phone.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged a fee if you pay by credit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay all your tax bill, you may be able to:

    ", + "
  • pay your bill in instalments by Direct Debit
    • ", + "
  • get more time to pay
    • ", + "

    When you might get more time to pay

    ", + "

    HMRC may offer you extra time to pay if they think you genuinely cannot pay in full now but will be able to pay in the future.

    ", + "

    You can set up a plan to pay in instalments by Direct Debit on dates they agree with you.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC as soon as possible if your circumstances change and you can pay your tax bill faster.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay interest on the amount you pay late.

    ", + "

    You must keep these payments up to date and pay your other tax. If you do not, HMRC will normally cancel the arrangement and take legal action against you straight away.

    ", + "

    When you will not get more time to pay

    ", + "

    If HMRC do not think you can get your payments on track with more time, they will not make an arrangement with you - they\u2019ll expect you to pay your tax bill straight away.

    ", + "

    If you do not, HMRC will start \u2018enforcement action\u2019 to get the money from you.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    The Money Advice Service has more information about debt management and where you can get free debt advice.

    ", + "

    You can also contact HMRC.

    ", + "

    Making a complaint

    ", + "

    You cannot appeal against HMRC\u2019s decision, but you can make a complaint if you\u2019re unhappy about how you were treated.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "If you do not pay your tax bill", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/if-you-dont-pay-your-tax-bill", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you do not pay your tax bill on time and cannot make an alternative arrangement to pay, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can take \u2018enforcement action\u2019 to recover any tax you owe.

    ", + "

    You can usually avoid enforcement action by contacting HMRC as soon as you know you\u2019ve missed a tax payment or cannot pay on time.

    ", + "

    They may agree to let you pay what you owe in instalments, or give you more time to pay.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, there are a number of enforcement actions HMRC can take to get the tax you owe. They can:

    ", + "
  • collect what you owe through your earnings or pension
    • ", + "
  • ask debt collection agencies to collect the money
    • ", + "
  • take things you own and sell them (if you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "
  • take money directly from your bank account or building society (if you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "
  • take you to court
    • ", + "
  • make you bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • close down your business
    • ", + "

    If you do not pay your tax on time, you\u2019ll probably have to pay interest on the outstanding amount. You may also have to pay a penalty or surcharge.

    ", + "

    Through your earnings or pension

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can make deductions from your salary or pension for debts for:

    ", + "
  • Self Assessment tax
    • ", + "
  • Class 2 National Insurance
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll change your tax code to do this.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much in tax credits, HMRC can also take back the money in this way, or by making deductions from your Universal Credit payments.

    ", + "

    How much

    ", + "

    HMRC can take up to \u00a33,000 each tax year if you earn less than \u00a330,000.

    ", + "

    If you earn more than this, HMRC can take higher amounts depending on your salary. They can take up to \u00a317,000 each tax year if you earn \u00a390,000 or more.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll start repaying the debt

    ", + "

    HMRC will write to you before making changes to your tax code.

    ", + "

    They can change your code immediately, which means you\u2019ll receive less money the next time you\u2019re paid or get income from a pension.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not repaid the debt by the end of the tax year, HMRC can continue to collect what you owe through next year\u2019s tax code.

    ", + "

    If you do not want debt included in your tax code

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to either:

    ", + "
  • pay the full amount you owe
    • ", + "
  • contact HMRC to arrange a payment plan
    • ", + "

    Debt collection agencies

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can collect your debt through a private debt collection agency.

    ", + "

    The agency will write to you and you should pay them directly.

    ", + "

    Debt collection agencies used by HMRC are:

    ", + "
  • 1st Locate (trading as LCS)
    • ", + "
  • Advantis Credit Ltd
    • ", + "
  • Bluestone Consumer Finance Limited (trading as Bluestone Credit Management)
    • ", + "
  • BPO Collections Ltd
    • ", + "
  • CCS Collect (also known as Commercial Collection Services Ltd)
    • ", + "
  • Moorcroft
    • ", + "
  • Oriel Collections Limited
    • ", + "
  • Past Due Credit Solutions (PDCS)
    • ", + "

    Taking control of goods (distraint)

    ", + "

    If you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can take things you own, and sell them to pay your debt.

    ", + "

    This is called \u2018taking control of goods\u2019 (or \u2018distraint\u2019 in Northern Ireland). You\u2019ll also be charged certain fees.

    ", + "

    What happens when HMRC visits

    ", + "

    An officer from HMRC will visit you and ask you to pay your debt.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay, the officer will make a list of your possessions that could be sold to cover both your debt and the costs of selling them, for example fees for auctioneers or advertising.

    ", + "

    These possessions can then be either:

    ", + "
  • taken immediately by the officer
    • ", + "
  • left with you under a \u2018Controlled Goods Agreement\u2019 (\u2018Walking Possession\u2019 in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    They can be sold if you do not pay within 7 days of the visit. If they sell for more than you owe, you\u2019ll be paid anything over. If they sell for less, you\u2019ll have to pay the difference.

    ", + "

    Enforcement action fees

    ", + "

    England and Wales

    ", + " | Flat fee | Plus", + "Issuing a notice of enforcement | \u00a375 | -", + "Take control of goods | \u00a3235 | 7.5% of the proportion of the main debt over \u00a31,500", + "Goods taken and sold at auction | \u00a3110 | 7.5% of the proportion of the main debt over \u00a31,500", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + " | Fee", + "If you owe under \u00a3100 | \u00a312.50", + "If you owe more than \u00a3100 | Between 0.25 to 12.5% depending on debt amount", + "Goods taken and sold at auction | Between 7.5% to 15% depending on auction", + "

    From your bank or building society account

    ", + "

    If you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can take the money you owe directly from your bank or building society account. This is called \u2018direct recovery of debts\u2019.

    ", + "

    HMRC will only do this if you:

    ", + "
  • have repeatedly refused to pay what you owe
    • ", + "
  • have received a face-to-face visit from them to discuss your debt
    • ", + "
  • would have at least \u00a35,000 in your account after they\u2019ve taken the debt
    • ", + "

    If HMRC plans to take money from your account

    ", + "

    HMRC will write to tell you:

    ", + "
  • what they plan to do
    • ", + "
  • what the process will involve
    • ", + "
  • how to contact them with any queries
    • ", + "

    Court action

    ", + "

    If HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) takes you to court, you may have to pay court fees and HMRC\u2019s costs as well as the tax you owe.

    ", + "

    Magistrates court (England, Wales and Northern Ireland)

    ", + "

    HMRC can start magistrates court proceedings against you if:

    ", + "
  • you have separate debts of \u00a32,000 each or less
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve owed the money for under a year
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a summons before the hearing explaining what you owe and where and when the hearing will be. If you pay, you will not have to go to court.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the amount on the summons, you\u2019ll need to contact HMRC before your case goes to court.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay, HMRC can ask the court to:

    ", + "
  • send bailiffs to take and sell things that you own to cover the debt
    • ", + "
  • make you bankrupt or close down your company
    • ", + "

    County court (England and Wales)

    ", + "

    The court will write to you explaining how much you owe and what you need to do.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the amount you\u2019re being asked to pay, you may need to go to court to explain why.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay, HMRC can ask the court to:

    ", + "
  • send bailiffs to take and sell things that you own to cover the debt
    • ", + "
  • take the money directly from your earnings
    • ", + "
  • make you bankrupt or close down your company
    • ", + "
  • order someone who owes you money to pay your debt
    • ", + "
  • place a charge on your property
    • ", + "

    Sheriff court (Scotland)

    ", + "

    HMRC will apply to the court for a warrant to collect your debt. You\u2019ll have 14 days to pay from the date of the warrant.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay, HMRC can ask the court to:

    ", + "
  • take the money you owe directly from your pay or from your bank account
    • ", + "
  • take and sell certain goods from your business premises or your property
    • ", + "
  • make you bankrupt or close down your company
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tell HMRC about a change to your personal details", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-hmrc-change-of-details", + "contents": [ + "

    Change of name or address

    ", + "

    How you contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to update your name or address depends on your situation.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to change your business records if you run a business.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You need to wait until you\u2019ve moved or changed your name before telling HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your address

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC you\u2019ve changed your address. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to tell HMRC if you:

    ", + "
  • only pay tax through Self Assessment
    • ", + "
  • are a tax agent, for example an accountant
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your name

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC your name has changed. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID you can create one when you update your name.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to tell HMRC if you:

    ", + "
  • only pay tax through Self Assessment
    • ", + "
  • are a tax agent, for example an accountant
    • ", + "

    Your name will be updated automatically if you change gender.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    HMRC will update your personal records for:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax and National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • tax credits and benefits, including Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • services, including the Pension Service
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email to either:

    ", + "
  • confirm your change of details
    • ", + "
  • ask for more information, for example legal documents for your name change
    • ", + "

    Income changes

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about changes to your taxable income.

    ", + "

    To do this you can either:

    ", + "
  • check your Income Tax and go to \u2018Tell us about a change\u2019
    • ", + "
  • call HMRC
    • ", + "

    If you do not, you could pay too much tax or get a tax bill at the end of the year.

    ", + "

    What you must tell HMRC

    ", + "

    Your employer or pension provider tells HMRC when:

    ", + "
  • you start or finish your job
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s a change in the money you earn from your job or get from your pension
    • ", + "

    But you must tell HMRC about any other changes, for example when you start or stop getting:

    ", + "
  • income from a new source, such as money from self-employment or rent from property
    • ", + "
  • taxable benefits, such as State Pension, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance and Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • benefits from your job, such as a company car
    • ", + "
  • income above your Personal Allowance
    • ", + "
  • money over \u00a385,000 from self-employment (you must register for VAT over this amount)
    • ", + "
  • lump sums from selling things you pay Capital Gains Tax on, such as shares or property that\u2019s not your main home
    • ", + "
  • income from property, money or shares you inherit, such as dividends from shares or rent from property
    • ", + "

    If you get tax credits

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC separately about changes that affect your tax credits.

    ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner dies

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC about changes to your income after the death of your husband, wife or civil partner.

    ", + "

    If you make Self Assessment \u2018payments on account\u2019

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC if you expect a big decrease in income and you pay your Self Assessment tax bill in advance (\u2018payments on account\u2019). HMRC may decide to reduce your payments.

    ", + "

    After you tell HMRC

    ", + "

    HMRC may:

    ", + "
  • change your tax code and send you a PAYE Coding notice
    • ", + "
  • tell you to send a Self Assessment tax return so they can bill you for tax you owe
    • ", + "
  • send you a refund if you paid too much tax
    • ", + "

    Relationship or family changes

    ", + "

    Tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if:

    ", + "
  • you get married or form a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you divorce, separate or stop living with your husband, wife or partner
    • ", + "

    You can tell HMRC online if you\u2019re paid a salary or pension through PAYE. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well, your details will be updated for both.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have a Government Gateway user ID, you can create one when you tell HMRC online
    • ", + "
  • a National Insurance number (a temporary reference number will not work).
    • ", + "

    Tell HMRC straight away \u2013 if you do not, you could pay too much tax, or get a tax bill at the end of the year.

    ", + "

    If you get tax credits or Child Benefit

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC separately about changes to your relationship or family if you get:

    ", + "
  • tax credits
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner dies

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC to report:

    ", + "
  • the death of your husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • changes to your income after their death
    • ", + "

    Gender change

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually told automatically when you change gender legally by applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate.

    ", + "

    Tell your employer at the same time - they must update your payroll records and National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    HMRC will:

    ", + "
  • update its records with your gender and any name change
    • ", + "
  • tell the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)
    • ", + "
  • restrict your records so only specialist staff at HMRC and DWP can access them
    • ", + "
  • hand your tax affairs to HMRC\u2019s Public Department 1
    • ", + "

    Once you get a letter confirming your records have moved, you can contact Public Department 1 with questions about your tax or National Insurance.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC yourself

    ", + "

    You can write to Special Section D to tell HMRC:

    ", + "
  • about your legal gender change
    • ", + "
  • about your name change only if you did not change gender legally
    • ", + "
  • if you do not want them to restrict your records
    • ", + "

    Include your National Insurance number, and your original Gender Recognition Certificate if you\u2019ve changed gender legally.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claim Income Tax reliefs", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-reliefs", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    \u2018Tax relief\u2019 means that you either:

    ", + "
  • pay less tax to take account of money you\u2019ve spent on specific things, like business expenses if you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "
  • get tax back or get it repaid in another way, like into a personal pension
    • ", + "

    You get some types of tax relief automatically - but some you must apply for.

    ", + "

    When you can get tax relief

    ", + "

    Tax relief applies to pension contributions, charity donations, maintenance payments and time spent working on a ship outside the UK.

    ", + "

    It also applies to work or business expenses \u2013\u00a0you may be able to:

    ", + "
  • get tax relief on what you spend running your business if you\u2019re self-employed (a sole trader or partner in a partnership)
    • ", + "
  • claim tax relief if you\u2019re employed and you use your own money for travel and things that you must buy for your job
    • ", + "

    Charity donations: tax relief

    ", + "

    Donations to charity from individuals are tax free. You can get tax relief if you donate:

    ", + "
  • through Gift Aid
    • ", + "
  • straight from your wages or pension, through Payroll Giving
    • ", + "

    Donations through Gift Aid

    ", + "

    Charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) can register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to be part of the Gift Aid scheme. When they\u2019re registered, they can claim back the tax you\u2019ve already paid on your donation.

    ", + "

    The charity or CASC will give you a form to sign. They must also have an HMRC charity reference number - ask the charity or CASC if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    If the charity or CASC gets back more tax than you\u2019ve paid, HMRC may ask you to pay more tax to cover the difference.

    ", + "

    You pay Income Tax above the 20% basic rate

    ", + "

    You can claim back the difference between the tax you\u2019ve paid on the donation and what the charity got back when you fill in your Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t fill in a Self Assessment tax return, call HMRC to tell them about your charity donations.

    ", + "

    You get Married Couple\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    Your tax-free allowance may increase if you make donations through Gift Aid and claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    If you fill in a Self Assessment tax return, your allowance will be adjusted automatically if it needs to be.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t, call HMRC to tell them about your charity donations.

    ", + "

    Payroll Giving schemes

    ", + "

    If your employer or pension provider offers a Payroll Giving scheme, any donations you give through the scheme will be taken before Income Tax is taken off.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still pay National Insurance contributions on the amount of your donation. But you won\u2019t pay any Income Tax on the amount you donate.

    ", + "

    Maintenance payments: tax relief

    ", + "

    Maintenance Payments Relief reduces your Income Tax if you make maintenance payments to an ex-spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    You can get it if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • either of you were born before 6 April 1935
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re paying maintenance under a court order after the relationship has ended
    • ", + "
  • the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-spouse or former civil partner (provided they aren\u2019t now remarried or in a new civil partnership) or for your children who are under 21
    • ", + "

    Maintenance Payments Relief is worth 10% of the maintenance you pay to your ex-spouse or civil partner, up to a maximum of \u00a3326 a year (or 10% of \u00a33,260).

    ", + "

    To claim it, call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claim tax relief for your job expenses", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-relief-for-employees", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might be able to claim tax relief if:

    ", + "
  • you use your own money for things that you must buy for your job
    • ", + "
  • you only use these things for your work
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim tax relief if your employer either gives you:

    ", + "
  • all the money back
    • ", + "
  • an alternative, for example your employer gives you a laptop but you want a different type or model
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You must have paid tax in the year. You\u2019ll get tax relief based on what you\u2019ve spent and the rate at which you pay tax.

    ", + "

    For some claims, you must keep records of what you\u2019ve spent. You must claim within 4 years of the end of the tax year that you spent the money.

    ", + "

    If your claim is for the current tax year, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will usually make any adjustments needed through your tax code.

    ", + "

    If your claim is for previous tax years, HMRC will either make adjustments through your tax code or give you a tax refund.

    ", + "

    Check if you can claim

    ", + "

    Working from home

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief for additional household costs if you have to work at home on a regular basis, either for all or part of the week. This includes if you have to work from home because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You cannot claim tax relief if you choose to work from home.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief for:

    ", + "
  • gas and electricity
    • ", + "
  • metered water
    • ", + "
  • business phone calls, including dial-up internet access
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for the whole bill, just the part that relates to your work.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to claim tax relief on equipment you\u2019ve bought, such as a laptop, chair or mobile phone.

    ", + "

    How much you can claim

    ", + "

    You can either claim tax relief on:

    ", + "
  • \u00a36 a week from 6 April 2020 (for previous tax years the rate is \u00a34 a week) - you will not need to keep evidence of your extra costs
    • ", + "
  • the exact amount of extra costs you\u2019ve incurred above the weekly amount - you\u2019ll need evidence such as receipts, bills or contracts
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get tax relief based on the rate at which you pay tax. For example, if you pay the 20% basic rate of tax and claim tax relief on \u00a36 a week you would get \u00a31.20 per week in tax relief (20% of \u00a36).

    ", + "

    Check if you can claim

    ", + "

    Uniforms, work clothing and tools

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief on the cost of:

    ", + "
  • repairing or replacing small tools you need to do your job (for example, scissors or an electric drill)
    • ", + "
  • cleaning, repairing or replacing specialist clothing (for example, a uniform or safety boots)
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim relief on the initial cost of buying small tools or clothing for work.

    ", + "

    Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

    ", + "

    You cannot claim tax relief for PPE. If your job requires you to use PPE your employer should either:

    ", + "
  • give you PPE free of charge
    • ", + "
  • ask you to buy it and reimburse you the costs
    • ", + "

    How much you can claim

    ", + "

    You can either claim:

    ", + "
  • the actual amount you\u2019ve spent - you\u2019ll need to keep receipts
    • ", + "
  • an agreed fixed amount (a \u2018flat rate expense\u2019 or \u2018flat rate deduction\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Check if your job has an agreed flat rate expense.

    ", + "

    Check if you can claim

    ", + "

    Vehicles you use for work

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief if you use cars, vans, motorcycles or bicycles for work.

    ", + "

    This does not include travelling to and from your work, unless it\u2019s a temporary place of work.

    ", + "

    How much you can claim depends on whether you\u2019re using:

    ", + "
  • a vehicle that you\u2019ve bought or leased with your own money
    • ", + "
  • a vehicle owned or leased by your employer (a company vehicle)
    • ", + "

    Using your own vehicle for work

    ", + "

    If you use your own vehicle or vehicles for work, you may be able to claim tax relief on the approved mileage rate. This covers the cost of owning and running your vehicle. You cannot claim separately for things like:

    ", + "
  • fuel
    • ", + "
  • electricity
    • ", + "
  • road tax
    • ", + "
  • MOTs
    • ", + "
  • repairs
    • ", + "

    To work out how much you can claim for each tax year you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • keep records of the dates and mileage or your work journeys
    • ", + "
  • add up the mileage for each vehicle type you\u2019ve used for work
    • ", + "
  • take away any amount your employer pays you towards your costs, (sometimes called a \u2018mileage allowance\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Approved mileage rates

    ", + " | First 10,000 business miles in the tax year | Each business mile over 10,000 in the tax year", + "Cars and vans | 45p | 25p", + "Motorcycles | 24p | 24p", + "Bicycles | 20p | 20p", + "

    Using a company car for business

    ", + "

    You can claim tax relief on the money you\u2019ve spent on fuel and electricity, for business trips in your company car. Keep records to show the actual cost of the fuel.

    ", + "

    If your employer reimburses some of the money, you can claim relief on the difference.

    ", + "

    Check if you can claim

    ", + "

    Professional fees and subscriptions

    ", + "

    You can claim tax relief on:

    ", + "
  • professional membership fees, if you must pay the fees to be able to do your job
    • ", + "
  • annual subscriptions you pay to approved professional bodies or learned societies if being a member of that body or society is relevant to your job
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim tax relief on life membership subscriptions, or for professional membership fees or annual subscriptions you:

    ", + "
  • have not paid yourself (for example if your employer has paid for them)
    • ", + "
  • have paid to professional organisations that are not approved by HMRC
    • ", + "

    Your organisation can tell you how much tax you\u2019re allowed to claim back.

    ", + "

    Check if you can claim

    ", + "

    Travel and overnight expenses

    ", + "

    If you have to travel for your work you may be able to claim tax relief on the cost or money you\u2019ve spent on food or overnight expenses.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for travelling to and from work, unless you\u2019re travelling to a temporary place of work.

    ", + "

    You can claim tax relief for money you\u2019ve spent on things like:

    ", + "
  • public transport costs
    • ", + "
  • hotel accommodation if you have to stay overnight
    • ", + "
  • food and drink
    • ", + "
  • congestion charges and tolls
    • ", + "
  • parking fees
    • ", + "
  • business phone calls and printing costs
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to claim tax relief on business mileage.

    ", + "

    Check if you can claim

    ", + "

    Buying other equipment

    ", + "

    In most cases you can claim tax relief on the full cost of substantial equipment, for example a computer, you have to buy to do your work. This is because it qualifies for a type of capital allowance called annual investment allowance.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim capital allowances for cars, motorcycles or bicycles you use for work, but you may be able to claim for business mileage and fuel costs.

    ", + "

    You claim in a different way for small items that\u2019ll last less than 2 years, such as uniforms and tools.

    ", + "

    You can only claim tax relief for equipment expenses if:

    ", + "
  • you need it to do your job
    • ", + "
  • you use the equipment for work and there\u2019s no significant private use - this includes using the equipment according to your organisation\u2019s policy
    • ", + "

    If your employer gives you money for the item

    ", + "

    Reduce the amount you claim tax relief on by the amount of money your employer gives you.

    ", + "

    Check if you can claim

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Income Tax", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Income Tax is a tax you pay on your income. You do not have to pay tax on all types of income.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You pay tax on things like:

    ", + "
  • money you earn from employment
    • ", + "
  • profits you make if you\u2019re self-employed - including from services you sell through websites or apps
    • ", + "
  • some state benefits
    • ", + "
  • some grants, including the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme, the Small Business Grant Fund, the Retail, Hospitality and Leisure Grant Fund, the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme and the Test and Trace Support Payment in England (or the Self-isolation Support Payment in Scotland and the Self-isolation Support Scheme in Wales)
    • ", + "
  • most pensions, including state pensions, company and personal pensions and retirement annuities
    • ", + "
  • rental income (unless you\u2019re a live-in landlord and get less than the rent a room limit)
    • ", + "
  • benefits you get from your job
    • ", + "
  • income from a trust
    • ", + "
  • interest on savings over your savings allowance
    • ", + "

    You do not pay tax on things like:

    ", + "
  • the first \u00a31,000 of income from self-employment - this is your \u2018trading allowance\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the first \u00a31,000 of income from property you rent (unless you\u2019re using the Rent a Room Scheme)
    • ", + "
  • income from tax-exempt accounts, like Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs) and National Savings Certificates
    • ", + "
  • dividends from company shares under your dividends allowance
    • ", + "
  • some state benefits
    • ", + "
  • premium bond or National Lottery wins
    • ", + "
  • rent you get from a lodger in your house that\u2019s below the rent a room limit
    • ", + "

    If you only occasionally sell items or rent out property (for example through auction websites or short-term rental apps), check if you need to tell HMRC about this income.

    ", + "

    Income Tax allowances and reliefs

    ", + "

    Most people in the UK get a Personal Allowance of tax-free income. This is the amount of income you can have before you pay tax.

    ", + "

    The amount of tax you pay can also be reduced by tax reliefs if you qualify for them.

    ", + "

    How you pay Income Tax

    ", + "

    Pay As You Earn (PAYE)

    ", + "

    Most people pay Income Tax through PAYE. This is the system your employer or pension provider uses to take Income Tax and National Insurance contributions before they pay your wages or pension. Your tax code tells your employer how much to deduct.

    ", + "

    Tax on state benefits

    ", + "

    Your tax code can take account of taxable state benefits, so if you owe tax on them (for example for the State Pension) it\u2019s usually taken automatically from your other income.

    ", + "

    If the State Pension is your only income, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to you if you owe Income Tax. You may need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    Self Assessment tax returns

    ", + "

    If your financial affairs are more complex (for example you\u2019re self-employed or have a high income) you may pay Income Tax and National Insurance through Self Assessment. You\u2019ll need to fill in a tax return every year.

    ", + "

    You must also fill in a tax return if you earned more than either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,000 from self-employment
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,500 from other untaxed income, for example from tips or renting out a property
    • ", + "

    Contact the Income Tax helpline if your income from renting out a property was between \u00a31,000 and \u00a32,500.

    ", + "

    Tax-free and taxable state benefits

    ", + "

    State benefits that are taxable

    ", + "

    The most common benefits that you pay Income Tax on are:

    ", + "
  • Bereavement Allowance (previously Widow\u2019s pension)
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit (from the 29th week you get it)
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • pensions paid by the Industrial Death Benefit scheme
    • ", + "
  • the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    Tax-free state benefits

    ", + "

    The most common state benefits you do not have to pay Income Tax on are:

    ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Bereavement support payment
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit (income-based - use the Child Benefit tax calculator to see if you\u2019ll have to pay tax)
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • free TV licence for over-75s
    • ", + "
  • Guardian\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Income Support - though you may have to pay tax on Income Support if you\u2019re involved in a strike
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Benefit
    • ", + "
  • lump-sum bereavement payments
    • ", + "
  • Maternity Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • Severe Disablement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • War Widow\u2019s Pension
    • ", + "
  • Winter Fuel Payments and Christmas Bonus
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit
    • ", + "

    Work out if you need to pay Income Tax

    ", + "

    To work out if you should be paying Income Tax, follow these steps.

    ", + "
  • Add up all your taxable income, including taxable state benefits.
    • ", + "
  • Work out your tax-free allowances.
    • ", + "
  • Take your tax-free allowances away from your taxable income.
    • ", + "

    If there\u2019s anything left, you\u2019re a taxpayer. Contact the Income Tax helpline if you\u2019re not already paying tax.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s nothing left, you should not be paying tax and may be due a refund.

    ", + "

    Check you're paying the right amount

    ", + "

    You can see if you\u2019re paying the right amount of Income Tax online. For the current tax year (6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022), you can:

    ", + "
  • check your Income Tax payments
    • ", + "
  • work out how much Income Tax you should be paying
    • ", + "

    You can also:

    ", + "
  • check how much Income Tax you paid last year (6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021)
    • ", + "
  • estimate how much Income Tax you should have paid in a previous year
    • ", + "

    If you cannot use these services, you can check you\u2019ve paid the right tax by contacting HMRC or by getting help from an accountant.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to change a Self Assessment tax return.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Income Tax in Scotland", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax", + "contents": [ + "

    Current rates

    ", + "

    You pay Scottish Income Tax if you live in Scotland. It\u2019s paid to the Scottish Government.

    ", + "

    Scottish Income Tax applies to your wages, pension and most other taxable income.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay the same tax as the rest of the UK on dividends and savings interest.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll pay

    ", + "

    The table shows the 2021 to 2022 Scottish Income Tax rates you pay in each band if you have a standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,570. You do not get a Personal Allowance if you earn over \u00a3125,140.

    ", + "Band | Taxable income | Scottish tax rate", + "Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0%", + "Starter rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a314,667 | 19%", + "Basic rate | \u00a314,668 to \u00a325,296 | 20%", + "Intermediate rate | \u00a325,297 to \u00a343,662 | 21%", + "Higher rate | \u00a343,663 to \u00a3150,000 | 41%", + "Top rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 46%", + "

    Who pays

    ", + "

    You pay Scottish Income Tax if you live in Scotland.

    ", + "

    You may also pay Scottish Income Tax if you:

    ", + "
  • move to or from Scotland
    • ", + "
  • live in a home in Scotland and one elsewhere in the UK, for example for work
    • ", + "
  • do not have a home and stay in Scotland regularly, for example you stay offshore or in hotels
    • ", + "

    How you pay

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed or get a pension, your tax code will start with an \u2018S\u2019. This tells your employer or pension provider to deduct tax at the Scottish rate.

    ", + "

    Your tax code will be S1250L if you pay Scottish Income Tax and get the standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,500.

    ", + "

    If you fill in an online Self Assessment tax return, there\u2019s a box for you to tell HMRC that you pay Scottish Income Tax.

    ", + "

    The tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.

    ", + "

    If you move to or from Scotland

    ", + "

    You pay Scottish Income Tax if you move to Scotland and live there for a longer period than anywhere else in the UK during a tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC of your new address if you move to or from Scotland. You may pay tax at the wrong rate if you do not.

    ", + "

    If HMRC changes your tax rate

    ", + "

    The new rate you pay will be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April) in which you moved. The tax taken from your wages or pension will be adjusted automatically so you pay the right amount across the whole year.

    ", + "

    If you live in more than one home

    ", + "

    You need to know which is your main home if you have one in Scotland and one somewhere else in the UK.

    ", + "

    What counts as your main home

    ", + "

    Your main home is usually where you live and spend most of your time.

    ", + "

    It does not matter whether you own it, rent it or live in it for free.

    ", + "

    Your main home may be the home where you spend less time if that\u2019s where:

    ", + "
  • most of your possessions are
    • ", + "
  • your family lives, if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re registered for things like your bank account, GP or car insurance
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a member of clubs or societies
    • ", + "

    This might apply to you if you live away because of your work, for example you\u2019re a lorry driver, an offshore worker or in the armed forces.

    ", + "

    You can contact HMRC to change which home counts as your main one.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure which is your main home

    ", + "

    HMRC has detailed information about working out which is your main home, including if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a mobile worker, for example your job means you travel most of the time
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a student
    • ", + "
  • you do not have a permanent home
    • ", + "

    2020 to 2021 tax year

    ", + "

    You pay a different rate of tax for income from the tax year 6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021.

    ", + "Band | Taxable income | Scottish tax rate", + "Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,500 | 0%", + "Starter rate | \u00a312,501 to \u00a314,585 | 19%", + "Basic rate | \u00a314,586 to \u00a325,158 | 20%", + "Intermediate rate | \u00a325,159 to \u00a343,430 | 21%", + "Higher rate | \u00a343,431 to \u00a3150,000 | 41%", + "Top rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 46%", + "

    It applies to your wages, pension and most other taxable income.

    ", + "

    You pay the same tax as the rest of the UK on dividends and savings interest.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Income Tax rates and Personal Allowances", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-rates", + "contents": [ + "

    Current rates and allowances

    ", + "

    How much Income Tax you pay in each tax year depends on:

    ", + "
  • how much of your income is above your Personal Allowance
    • ", + "
  • how much of your income falls within each tax band
    • ", + "

    Some income is tax-free.

    ", + "

    The current tax year is from 6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022.

    ", + "

    Your tax-free Personal Allowance

    ", + "

    The standard Personal Allowance is \u00a312,570, which is the amount of income you do not have to pay tax on.

    ", + "

    Your Personal Allowance may be bigger if you claim Marriage Allowance or Blind Person\u2019s Allowance. It\u2019s smaller if your income is over \u00a3100,000.

    ", + "

    Income Tax rates and bands

    ", + "

    The table shows the tax rates you pay in each band if you have a standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,570.

    ", + "

    Income tax bands are different if you live in Scotland.

    ", + "Band | Taxable income | Tax rate", + "Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0%", + "Basic rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a350,270 | 20%", + "Higher rate | \u00a350,271 to \u00a3150,000 | 40%", + "Additional rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 45%", + "

    You can also see the rates and bands without the Personal Allowance. You do not get a Personal Allowance on taxable income over \u00a3125,140.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed or get a pension

    ", + "

    Check your Income Tax to see:

    ", + "
  • your Personal Allowance and tax code
    • ", + "
  • how much tax you\u2019ve paid in the current tax year
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019re likely to pay for the rest of the year
    • ", + "

    Other allowances

    ", + "

    You have tax-free allowances for:

    ", + "
  • savings interest
    • ", + "
  • dividends, if you own shares in a company
    • ", + "

    You may also have tax-free allowances for:

    ", + "
  • your first \u00a31,000 of income from self-employment - this is your \u2018trading allowance\u2019
    • ", + "
  • your first \u00a31,000 of income from property you rent (unless you\u2019re using the Rent a Room Scheme)
    • ", + "

    Find out whether you\u2019re eligible for the trading and property allowances.

    ", + "

    You pay tax on any interest, dividends or income over your allowances.

    ", + "

    Paying less Income Tax

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim Income Tax reliefs if you\u2019re eligible for them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim Marriage Allowance to reduce your partner\u2019s tax if your income is less than the standard Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    If you do not claim Marriage Allowance and you or your partner were born before 6 April 1935, you may be able to claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    Previous tax years

    ", + "

    The standard Personal Allowance from 6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021 was \u00a312,500.

    ", + "Tax rate | Taxable income above your Personal Allowance for 2020 to 2021", + "Basic rate 20% | \u00a30 to \u00a337,500 People with the standard Personal Allowance started paying this rate on income over \u00a312,500", + "Higher rate 40% | \u00a337,501 to \u00a3150,000 People with the standard Personal Allowance started paying this rate on income over \u00a350,000", + "Additional rate 45% | Over \u00a3150,000", + "

    Your Personal Allowance would have been smaller if your income was over \u00a3100,000, or bigger if you got Marriage Allowance or Blind Person\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    Other rates and earlier tax years

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) publishes tables with full rates and allowances for current and past tax years.

    ", + "

    Income over \u00a3100,000

    ", + "

    Your Personal Allowance goes down by \u00a31 for every \u00a32 that your adjusted net income is above \u00a3100,000. This means your allowance is zero if your income is \u00a3125,140 or above.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to do a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.

    ", + "

    Register for Self Assessment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.

    ", + "

    Register now

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/individual-savings-accounts", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can save tax-free with Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs).

    ", + "

    In the 2021 to 2022 tax year, the maximum you can save in ISAs is \u00a320,000

    ", + "

    There are 4 types of ISA:

    ", + "
  • cash ISAs
    • ", + "
  • stocks and shares ISAs
    • ", + "
  • innovative finance ISAs
    • ", + "
  • Lifetime ISAs
    • ", + "

    You can put money into one of each kind of ISA each tax year.

    ", + "

    Who can open an ISA

    ", + "

    You must be:

    ", + "
  • 16 or over for a cash ISA
    • ", + "
  • 18 or over for a stocks and shares or innovative finance ISA
    • ", + "
  • 18 or over but under 40 for a Lifetime ISA
    • ", + "

    You must also be either:

    ", + "
  • resident in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a Crown servant (for example diplomatic or overseas civil service) or their spouse or civil partner if you do not live in the UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot hold an ISA with or on behalf of someone else.

    ", + "

    You can get a Junior ISA for children under 18.

    ", + "

    Opening and managing an ISA for someone who lacks the mental capacity to do this for themselves

    ", + "

    A close friend or relative can apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order to open and manage an ISA for someone who cannot do this for themselves.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.

    ", + "

    How ISAs work

    ", + "

    There are 4 types of Individual Savings Accounts (ISA):

    ", + "
  • cash ISA
    • ", + "
  • stocks and shares ISA
    • ", + "
  • innovative finance ISA
    • ", + "
  • Lifetime ISA
    • ", + "

    You do not pay tax on:

    ", + "
  • interest on cash in an ISA
    • ", + "
  • income or capital gains from investments in an ISA
    • ", + "

    If you complete a tax return, you do not need to declare any ISA interest, income or capital gains on it.

    ", + "

    Putting money into an ISA

    ", + "

    Every tax year you can put money into one of each kind of ISA. The tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April.

    ", + "

    You can save up to \u00a320,000 in one type of account or split the allowance across some or all of the other types.

    ", + "

    You can only pay \u00a34,000 into your Lifetime ISA in a tax year.

    ", + "

    Your ISAs will not close when the tax year finishes. You\u2019ll keep your savings on a tax-free basis for as long as you keep the money in your ISA accounts.

    ", + "

    What you can include in your ISAs

    ", + "

    Cash ISAs can include:

    ", + "
  • savings in bank and building society accounts
    • ", + "
  • some National Savings and Investments products
    • ", + "

    Stocks and shares ISAs can include:

    ", + "
  • shares in companies
    • ", + "
  • unit trusts and investment funds
    • ", + "
  • corporate bonds
    • ", + "
  • government bonds
    • ", + "

    You cannot transfer any non-ISA shares you already own into an ISA unless they\u2019re from an employee share scheme.

    ", + "

    Lifetime ISAs may include either:

    ", + "
  • cash
    • ", + "
  • stocks and shares
    • ", + "

    Innovative finance ISAs include:

    ", + "
  • peer-to-peer loans - loans that you give to other people or businesses without using a bank
    • ", + "
  • \u2018crowdfunding debentures\u2019 - investing in a business by buying its debt
    • ", + "

    You cannot transfer any peer-to-peer loans you\u2019ve already made or crowdfunding debentures you already hold into an innovative finance ISA.

    ", + "

    If you have questions about the tax rules for ISAs, you can call the ISA Helpline.

    ", + "

    How to open an ISA

    ", + "

    You can get an Individual Savings Account (ISA) from:

    ", + "
  • banks
    • ", + "
  • building societies
    • ", + "
  • credit unions
    • ", + "
  • friendly societies
    • ", + "
  • stock brokers
    • ", + "
  • peer-to-peer lending services
    • ", + "
  • crowdfunding companies
    • ", + "
  • other financial institutions
    • ", + "

    Contact your provider directly for more information about how to open an ISA with them.

    ", + "

    Withdrawing your money

    ", + "

    You can take your money out of an Individual Savings Account (ISA) at any time, without losing any tax benefits. Check the terms of your ISA to see if there are any rules or charges for making withdrawals.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for taking your money out of a Lifetime ISA.

    ", + "

    If your ISA is \u2018flexible\u2019, you can take out cash then put it back in during the same tax year without reducing your current year\u2019s allowance. Your provider can tell you if your ISA is flexible.

    ", + "

    Transferring your ISA

    ", + "

    You can transfer your Individual Savings Account (ISA) from one provider to another at any time.

    ", + "

    You can transfer your savings to a different type of ISA or to the same type of ISA.

    ", + "

    If you want to transfer money you\u2019ve invested in an ISA during the current year, you must transfer all of it.

    ", + "

    For money you invested in previous years, you can choose to transfer all or part of your savings.

    ", + "

    If you transfer cash and assets from a Lifetime ISA to a different ISA before the age of 60, you\u2019ll have to pay a withdrawal fee of 25%.

    ", + "

    Restrictions on what you can transfer

    ", + "

    You can transfer cash from your innovative finance ISA to another provider - but you may not be able to transfer other investments from it.

    ", + "

    Check with your provider for any restrictions they may have on transferring ISAs. They may also make you pay a charge.

    ", + "

    How to transfer your ISA

    ", + "

    To switch providers, contact the ISA provider you want to move to and fill out an ISA transfer form to move your account. If you withdraw the money without doing this, you will not be able to reinvest that part of your tax-free allowance again.

    ", + "

    Deadlines and complaints

    ", + "

    ISA transfers should take no longer than:

    ", + "
  • 15 working days for transfers between cash ISAs
    • ", + "
  • 30 calendar days for other types of transfer
    • ", + "

    If you want to transfer investments held in an innovative finance ISA, ask your provider how long it will take.

    ", + "

    If your transfer takes longer than it should, contact your ISA provider.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the response, you can take the matter up with the Financial Ombudsman Service.

    ", + "

    If you move abroad

    ", + "

    If you open an Individual Savings Account (ISA) in the UK then move abroad, you cannot put money into it after the tax year that you move (unless you\u2019re a Crown employee working overseas or their spouse or civil partner).

    ", + "

    You must tell your ISA provider as soon as you stop being a UK resident.

    ", + "

    However, you can keep your ISA open and you\u2019ll still get UK tax relief on money and investments held in it.

    ", + "

    You can transfer an ISA to another provider even if you are not resident in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can pay into your ISA again if you return and become a UK resident (subject to the annual ISA allowance).

    ", + "

    If you die

    ", + "

    Your ISA will end when either:

    ", + "
  • your executor closes it
    • ", + "
  • the administration of your estate is completed
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, your ISA provider will close your ISA 3 years and 1 day after you die.

    ", + "

    There will be no Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax to pay up to that date, but ISA investments will form part of your estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.

    ", + "

    Stocks and shares ISAs

    ", + "

    Your ISA provider can be instructed to either:

    ", + "
  • sell the investments and pay the proceeds to the administrator or beneficiary of your estate
    • ", + "
  • transfer the investments to your surviving spouse\u2019s or civil partner\u2019s ISA - this is only possible if they have the same ISA provider as you
    • ", + "

    Check the terms and conditions of your ISA for details.

    ", + "

    Inheriting an ISA from your spouse or civil partner

    ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner dies you can inherit their ISA allowance.

    ", + "

    As well as your normal ISA allowance you can add a tax-free amount up to either:

    ", + "
  • the value they held in their ISA when they died
    • ", + "
  • the value of their ISA when it\u2019s closed
    • ", + "

    Contact your ISA provider or the provider of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s ISA for details.

    ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner died from 3 December 2014 to 5 April 2018

    ", + "

    Their ISA ended on the date of their death. ISA investments will form part of their estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.

    ", + "

    Their ISA provider can be instructed to sell the investments and either:

    ", + "
  • pay the proceeds to the administrator or beneficiary of their estate
    • ", + "
  • transfer the investments directly to them
    • ", + "

    You can inherit their ISA allowance. As well as your normal ISA allowance, you can add a tax-free amount up to the value they held in their ISA when they died.

    ", + "

    Contact your ISA provider or the provider of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s ISA for details.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Marriage Allowance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marriage-allowance", + "contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    Marriage Allowance lets you transfer \u00a31,260 of your Personal Allowance to your husband, wife or civil partner.

    ", + "

    This reduces their tax by up to \u00a3252 in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the next year).

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    To benefit as a couple, you (as the lower earner) must normally have an income below your Personal Allowance - this is usually \u00a312,570.

    ", + "

    You can calculate how much tax you could save as a couple. You should call the Income Tax helpline instead if you receive other income such as dividends, savings or benefits from your job. You can also call if you do not know what your taxable income is.

    ", + "

    When you transfer some of your Personal Allowance to your husband, wife or civil partner you might have to pay more tax yourself, but you could still pay less as a couple.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can benefit from Marriage Allowance if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you do not pay Income Tax or your income is below your Personal Allowance (usually \u00a312,570)
    • ", + "
  • your partner pays Income Tax at the basic rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a350,270 before they receive Marriage Allowance
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim Marriage Allowance if you\u2019re living together but you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Scotland, your partner must pay the starter, basic or intermediate rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a343,662.

    ", + "

    It will not affect your application for Marriage Allowance if you or your partner:

    ", + "
  • are currently receiving a pension
    • ", + "
  • live abroad - as long as you get a Personal Allowance.
    • ", + "

    If you or your partner were born before 6 April 1935, you might benefit more as a couple by applying for Married Couple\u2019s Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    You cannot get Marriage Allowance and Married Couple\u2019s Allowance at the same time.

    ", + "

    Backdating your claim

    ", + "

    You can backdate your claim to include any tax year since 5 April 2017 that you were eligible for Marriage Allowance.

    ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s tax bill will be reduced depending on the Personal Allowance rate for the years you\u2019re backdating.

    ", + "

    If your partner has died since 5 April 2017 you can still claim - phone the Income Tax helpline. If your partner was the lower earner, the person responsible for managing their tax affairs needs to phone.

    ", + "

    Stopping Marriage Allowance

    ", + "

    Your Personal Allowance will transfer automatically to your partner every year until you cancel Marriage Allowance - for example if your income changes or your relationship ends.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply for Marriage Allowance.

    ", + "

    If both of you have no income other than your wages, then the person who earns the least should make the claim.

    ", + "

    If either of you gets other income, such as dividends or savings, you may need to work out who should claim. You can call the Income Tax helpline if you\u2019re unsure.

    ", + "

    Changes to your Personal Allowances will be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April) if your application is successful.

    ", + "

    How your Personal Allowances change

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give your partner the allowance you have transferred to them either:

    ", + "
  • by changing their tax code - this can take up to 2 months
    • ", + "
  • when they send their Self Assessment tax return
    • ", + "

    If your new Personal Allowance is lower than your income after you\u2019ve made a claim, you might have to pay some income tax. However, you might still benefit as a couple.

    ", + "

    How your tax code will change

    ", + "

    You and your partner will get new tax codes that reflect the transferred allowance. Your tax code will end with:

    ", + "
  • \u2018M\u2019 if you are receiving the allowance
    • ", + "
  • \u2018N\u2019 if you are transferring the allowance
    • ", + "

    Your tax code will also change if you\u2019re employed or get a pension.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change

    ", + "

    You must cancel Marriage Allowance if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your relationship ends - because you\u2019ve divorced, ended (\u2018dissolved\u2019) your civil partnership or legally separated
    • ", + "
  • your income changes and you\u2019re no longer eligible
    • ", + "
  • you no longer want to claim
    • ", + "

    If your income changes and you\u2019re not sure if you should still claim, call HMRC Marriage Allowance enquiries.

    ", + "

    How to cancel

    ", + "

    Either of you can cancel if your relationship has ended.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re cancelling for another reason, the person who made the claim must cancel.

    ", + "

    Online

    ", + "

    You can cancel Marriage Allowance online. You\u2019ll be asked to prove your identity using information HMRC holds about you.

    ", + "

    By phone

    ", + "

    Contact Marriage Allowance enquiries to cancel or get help.

    ", + "

    After you cancel

    ", + "

    If you cancel because of a change of income, the allowance will run until the end of the tax year (5 April).

    ", + "

    If your relationship has ended, the change may be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April).

    ", + "

    This might mean you or your partner underpays tax for the year.

    ", + "

    If your partner dies

    ", + "

    If your partner dies after you\u2019ve transferred some of your Personal Allowance to them:

    ", + "
  • their estate will be treated as having the increased Personal Allowance
    • ", + "
  • your Personal Allowance will go back to the normal amount
    • ", + "

    If your partner transferred some of their Personal Allowance to you before they died:

    ", + "
  • your Personal Allowance will remain at the higher level until the end of the tax year (5 April)
    • ", + "
  • their estate will be treated as having the smaller amount
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Married Couple's Allowance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/married-couples-allowance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Married Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.

    ", + "

    You can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • one of you was born before 6 April 1935
    • ", + "

    For marriages before 5 December 2005, the husband\u2019s income is used to work out Married Couple\u2019s Allowance. For marriage and civil partnerships after this date, it\u2019s the income of the highest earner.

    ", + "

    If you and your partner were born on or after 6 April 1935, you may be able to claim Marriage Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Married Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill each year if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    For the 2021 to 2022 tax year, it could cut your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.

    ", + "

    Use the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance calculator to work out what you could get.

    ", + "

    If you marry or register a civil partnership, you\u2019ll get the allowance on a pro-rata basis for the rest of that tax year.

    ", + "

    If one of you dies or you divorce or separate, the allowance continues until the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    You can transfer your Married Couple\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    If you and your spouse or civil partner are separated through circumstance rather than through a decision to formally separate, you can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • one of you was born before 6 April 1935
    • ", + "

    You can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re unable to live with your spouse or civil partner because of:

    ", + "
  • illness or old age, for example where your spouse or partner is in residential care
    • ", + "
  • working away from home
    • ", + "
  • an armed forces posting
    • ", + "
  • being in prison
    • ", + "
  • training or education
    • ", + "

    Use the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance calculator to work out what you could get.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    If you fill in a Self Assessment tax return each year

    ", + "

    Claim by completing the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance section of the tax return.

    ", + "

    If you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return each year

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) with details of your:

    ", + "
  • marriage or civil partnership ceremony
    • ", + "
  • spouse or civil partner - including their date of birth
    • ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Transfer unused Married Couple\u2019s Allowance after the tax year ends

    ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner pays tax, you can transfer any Married Couple\u2019s Allowance that you have not used because:

    ", + "
  • you do not pay tax
    • ", + "
  • your tax bill is not high enough
    • ", + "

    Fill in form 575 or ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to post you a copy.

    ", + "

    Share or transfer your Married Couple\u2019s Allowance before the tax year starts

    ", + "

    You and your spouse (or civil partner) can:

    ", + "
  • share the minimum Married Couple\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • transfer the whole of the minimum Married Couple\u2019s Allowance from one to the other
    • ", + "

    Fill in form 18 before the start of the tax year. You can also contact HMRC to get a copy in the post.

    ", + "

    Tax allowances and giving to charity

    ", + "

    If you pay tax and give money to a UK charity using Gift Aid, contact HMRC. It can increase the tax allowances if you were born before 6 April 1938.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "National Insurance and tax after State Pension age", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-national-insurance-after-state-pension-age", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You do not pay National Insurance after you reach State Pension age - unless you\u2019re self-employed and pay Class 4 contributions. You stop paying Class 4 contributions at the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You only pay Income Tax if your taxable income - including your private pension and State Pension - is more than your tax-free allowances (the amount of income you\u2019re allowed before you pay tax).

    ", + "

    You must contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think you should be paying tax.

    ", + "

    Stop paying National Insurance

    ", + "

    You pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits including the State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed, you pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions as a percentage of your earnings up to State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed, you pay Class 2 contributions at a flat weekly rate and Class 4 contributions annually as a percentage of your taxable profits.

    ", + "

    What happens at State Pension age

    ", + "

    You stop paying Class 1 and Class 2 contributions when you reach State Pension age - even if you\u2019re still working.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue paying Class 4 contributions until the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    For example, you reach State Pension age on 6 September 2021. You\u2019ll stop making Class 4 contributions on 5 April 2022 and pay your final Class 4 bill by 31 January 2023, together with your Income Tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self employed, you still need to send a Self Assessment tax return for each year you work - even after you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You can claim back National Insurance if you\u2019ve overpaid.

    ", + "

    If you continue working

    ", + "

    Show your employer proof of your age (a birth certificate or passport, for example) to make sure you stop paying National Insurance.

    ", + "

    If you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can send you a letter to show them instead.

    ", + "

    The letter will confirm:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve reached State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you do not need to pay National Insurance
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to write to HMRC explaining why you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to send your birth certificate or passport for verification if HMRC does not have a record of your date of birth. Certified copies are accepted.

    ", + "

    You can also show a certificate of age exception (CA4140) if you have one.

    ", + "

    Age-related tax allowances

    ", + "

    Married Couple\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    You can claim the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership and at least one partner was born before 6 April 1935. It gets taken off your tax bill - the amount that\u2019s deducted depends on your income.

    ", + "

    Maintenance Payments Relief

    ", + "

    You can get an allowance to reduce your tax bill for maintenance payments you make to an ex-spouse or civil partner if:

    ", + "
  • you or they were born before 6 April 1935
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re separated or divorced and you\u2019re making payments under a court order
    • ", + "
  • the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-partner (as long as they have not re-married or formed a new civil partnership) or your children are under 21
    • ", + "

    How much you can get

    ", + "

    For the 2021 to 2022 tax year Maintenance Payments Relief can reduce your tax bill by the lower of the following:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3353 - where you make maintenance payments of \u00a33,530 or more a year
    • ", + "
  • 10% of the money you\u2019ve actually paid - where you make payments of less than \u00a33,530 a year
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim a tax reduction for any voluntary payments you make.

    ", + "

    Claim back tax or National Insurance

    ", + "

    National Insurance refunds

    ", + "

    You can claim back any overpaid National Insurance.

    ", + "

    Tax refunds

    ", + "

    You can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • had too much deducted from your pension
    • ", + "
  • overpaid through your job
    • ", + "

    If you complete a tax return, you can also correct mistakes and claim a refund via Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    Claiming back tax on savings interest

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income, you may be able to get tax-free interest or get some tax back from interest on your savings.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "P45, P60 and P11D forms: workers' guide", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-forms-p45-p60-p11d", + "contents": [ + "

    P45

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a P45 from your employer when you stop working for them.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate guide to getting P45s if you\u2019re an employer.

    ", + "

    Your P45 shows how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary so far in the tax year (6 April to 5 April).

    ", + "

    A P45 has 4 parts (Part 1, Part 1A, Part 2 and Part 3).

    ", + "
  • Your employer sends details for Part 1 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and gives you the other parts.
    • ", + "
  • You give Part 2 and 3 to your new employer (or to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not working).
    • ", + "
  • Keep Part 1A for your own records.
    • ", + "

    By law your employer must give you a P45 - ask them for one.

    ", + "

    You can check how much tax you paid last year if you think you might have paid too much.

    ", + "

    You do not have a P45

    ", + "

    You will not have a P45 if you\u2019re starting your first job or you\u2019re taking on a second job. Your employer will need to work out how much tax you should be paying on your salary.

    ", + "

    They may use a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 to collect the information, or may collect it another way. The Starter Checklist has questions about any other jobs, benefits or student loans you have. It helps your employer work out your correct tax code before your first payday.

    ", + "

    P60

    ", + "

    Your P60 shows the tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary in the tax year (6 April to 5 April). You get a separate P60 for each of your jobs.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate guide to getting P60s if you\u2019re an employer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re working for an employer on 5 April they must give you a P60. They must provide this by 31 May, on paper or electronically.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your P60 to prove how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary, for example:

    ", + "
  • to claim back overpaid tax
    • ", + "
  • to apply for tax credits
    • ", + "
  • as proof of your income if you apply for a loan or a mortgage
    • ", + "

    You can check how much tax you paid last year if you think you might have paid too much.

    ", + "

    P11D

    ", + "

    Your employer might give you a copy of your P11D if they used it to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about your \u2018benefits in kind\u2019 (for example company cars or interest-free loans).

    ", + "

    They do not have to do this, but they must tell you how much each benefit is worth.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate guide to getting form P11D if you\u2019re an employer.

    ", + "

    You might not get a P11D if your employer takes the tax you owe on your benefits out of your pay.

    ", + "

    Your employer will write to you to explain how this works.

    ", + "

    Lost PAYE forms

    ", + "

    Lost P45

    ", + "

    You cannot get a replacement P45.

    ", + "

    Instead, your new employer may give you a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 or ask you for the relevant details about your finances to send to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Lost P60

    ", + "

    You can get a replacement P60 from your employer.

    ", + "

    P11D

    ", + "

    You can usually get a copy of the P11D from your employer. If they cannot give you one, you can contact HMRC for a copy.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Self Assessment tax returns", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Self Assessment is a system HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) uses to collect Income Tax.

    ", + "

    Tax is usually deducted automatically from wages, pensions and savings. People and businesses with other income must report it in a tax return.

    ", + "

    If you need to send one, you fill it in after the end of the tax year (5 April) it applies to.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Sending your return

    ", + "

    File your tax return online or send a paper form.

    ", + "

    If your business has been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), you may be able to claim a grant through the\u00a0Self-Employment Income Support Scheme.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    Send your tax return by the deadline.

    ", + "

    If you did not send an online return last year, allow extra time (up to 20 working days) as you\u2019ll need to register first. There are different ways to register if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • self-employed or a sole trader
    • ", + "
  • not self-employed
    • ", + "
  • registering a partner or partnership
    • ", + "

    Filling in your return

    ", + "

    You need to keep records (for example bank statements or receipts) so you can fill in your tax return correctly.

    ", + "

    You can get help filling in your return.

    ", + "

    Paying your bill

    ", + "

    HMRC will calculate what you owe based on what you report.

    ", + "

    Pay your Self Assessment bill by 31 January.

    ", + "

    How much tax you pay will depend on the Income Tax band you\u2019re in. There\u2019s a different rate for Capital Gains Tax if you need to pay it, for example you sell shares or a second home.

    ", + "

    Who must send a tax return

    ", + "

    You must send a tax return if, in the last tax year (6 April to 5 April), you were:

    ", + "
  • self-employed as a \u2018sole trader\u2019 and earned more than \u00a31,000 (before taking off anything you can claim tax relief on)
    • ", + "
  • a partner in a business partnership
    • ", + "

    You will not usually need to send a return if your only income is from your wages or pension. But you may need to send one if you have any other untaxed income, such as:

    ", + "
  • money from renting out a property
    • ", + "
  • tips and commission
    • ", + "
  • income from savings, investments and dividends
    • ", + "
  • foreign income
    • ", + "

    Check if you need to send a tax return if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    Other reasons for sending a return

    ", + "

    You can choose to fill in a tax return to:

    ", + "
  • claim some Income Tax reliefs
    • ", + "
  • prove you\u2019re self-employed, for example to claim Tax-Free Childcare or Maternity Allowance
    • ", + "

    If you get Child Benefit

    ", + "

    If your income (or your partner\u2019s, if you have one) was over \u00a350,000, you may need to send a return and pay the High Income Child Benefit Charge.

    ", + "

    Registering and sending a return

    ", + "

    You need to register if you did not send a tax return last year. There are different ways to register if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • self-employed or a sole trader
    • ", + "
  • not self-employed
    • ", + "
  • registering a partner or partnership
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re new to Self Assessment, you\u2019ll need to keep records (for example bank statements or receipts) so you can fill in your tax return correctly.

    ", + "

    Sending your return

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve registered, you can send your tax return online, or use commercial software or paper forms. You then have to pay your bill by the deadline.

    ", + "

    You can get help filling in your return.

    ", + "

    Using commercial software or paper forms

    ", + "

    You can send a return using commercial software or paper forms.

    ", + "

    You must use one of these options to send returns:

    ", + "
  • for a partnership
    • ", + "
  • for a trust and estate
    • ", + "
  • if you get income from a trust
    • ", + "
  • if you lived abroad as a non-resident
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re a Lloyd\u2019s underwriter
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re a religious minister
    • ", + "
  • to report profits made on selling or disposing of more than one asset (\u2018chargeable gains\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You must use a paper form if you need to send a tax return for trustees of registered pension schemes (SA970).

    ", + "

    The deadline for paper forms is 31 October (or 31 January if you\u2019re a trustee of a registered pension scheme or a non-resident company).

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) must receive your tax return and any money you owe by the deadline.

    ", + "

    The last tax year started on 6 April 2020 and ended on 5 April 2021.

    ", + "Self Assessment | Deadline", + "Register for Self Assessment if you\u2019re self-employed or a sole trader, not self-employed, or registering a partner or partnership | 5 October 2021", + "Paper tax returns | Midnight 31 October 2021", + "Online tax returns | Midnight 31 January 2022", + "Pay the tax you owe | Midnight 31 January 2022", + "

    There\u2019s usually a second payment deadline of 31 July if you make advance payments towards your bill (known as \u2018payments on account\u2019).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually pay a penalty if you\u2019re late. You can appeal against a penalty if you have a reasonable excuse.

    ", + "

    When the deadline is different

    ", + "

    Submit your online return by 30 December if you want HMRC to automatically collect tax you owe from your wages and pension. You must be eligible.

    ", + "

    HMRC must receive a paper tax return by 31 January if you\u2019re a trustee of a registered pension scheme or a non-resident company. You cannot send a return online.

    ", + "

    HMRC might also email or write to you giving you a different deadline.

    ", + "

    Partnership returns if you have a company as a partner

    ", + "

    If your partnership\u2019s accounting date is between 1 February and 5 April and one of your partners is a limited company, the deadline for:

    ", + "
  • online returns is 12 months from the accounting date
    • ", + "
  • paper returns is 9 months from the accounting date
    • ", + "

    2019 to 2020 tax year and earlier

    ", + "

    The Self Assessment deadline for these tax years has passed. Send your tax return or payment as soon as possible - you\u2019ll have to pay a penalty.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a penalty if you need to send a tax return and you miss the deadline for submitting it or paying your bill.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay a late filing penalty of \u00a3100 if your tax return is up to 3 months late. You\u2019ll have to pay more if it\u2019s later, or if you pay your tax bill late.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged interest on late payments.

    ", + "

    Estimate your penalty for Self Assessment tax returns more than 3 months late, and late payments.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against a penalty if you have a reasonable excuse.

    ", + "

    All partners can be charged a penalty if a partnership tax return is late.

    ", + "

    If you need to change your return

    ", + "

    You can make a change to your tax return after you\u2019ve filed it, for example because you made a mistake. You\u2019ll need to make your changes by:

    ", + "
  • 31 January 2022 for the 2019 to 2020 tax year
    • ", + "
  • 31 January 2023 for the 2020 to 2021 tax year
    • ", + "

    If you miss the deadline or if you need to make a change to your return for any other tax year you\u2019ll need to write to HMRC.

    ", + "

    Your bill will be updated based on what you report. You may have to pay more tax or be able to claim a refund.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you need to report foreign income.

    ", + "

    Updating your tax return

    ", + "

    How you update your tax return depends on how you filed it.

    ", + "

    Online tax returns

    ", + "
  • Sign in using your Government Gateway user ID and password.
    • ", + "
  • From \u2018Your tax account\u2019, choose \u2019Self Assessment account\u2019 (if you do not see this, skip this step).
    • ", + "
  • Choose \u2018More Self Assessment details\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Choose \u2018At a glance\u2019 from the left-hand menu.
    • ", + "
  • Choose \u2018Tax return options\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Choose the tax year for the return you want to amend.
    • ", + "
  • Go into the tax return, make the corrections and file it again.
    • ", + "

    Paper tax returns

    ", + "

    Download a new tax return, and send HMRC the corrected pages. Write \u2018amendment\u2019 on each page, and include your name and Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - this is on previous tax returns or letters from HMRC.

    ", + "

    Check your Self Assessment paperwork for the address. If you cannot find this, send your corrections to the address for general Self Assessment enquiries.

    ", + "

    If you used commercial software

    ", + "

    Contact the software provider for help correcting your tax return. Contact HMRC if your software is not able to make corrections.

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC if you need to make a change to your tax return from the 2018 to 2019 tax year or earlier.

    ", + "

    Include in your letter:

    ", + "
  • the tax year you\u2019re correcting
    • ", + "
  • why you think you\u2019ve paid too much or little tax
    • ", + "
  • how much you think you\u2019ve over or underpaid
    • ", + "

    You can claim a refund up to 4 years after the end of the tax year it relates to. If you\u2019re making a claim, also include in your letter:

    ", + "
  • that you\u2019re making a claim for \u2018overpayment relief\u2019
    • ", + "
  • proof that you\u2019d paid tax through Self Assessment for the relevant period
    • ", + "
  • how you want to be repaid
    • ", + "
  • that you have not previously tried to claim back this refund
    • ", + "
  • a signed declaration saying that the details you\u2019ve given are correct and complete to the best of your knowledge
    • ", + "

    Changes to your bill

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll see your amended bill straight away if you updated your tax return online. Within 3 days, your statement will also show:

    ", + "
  • the difference from the old one, so you can see whether you owe more or less tax
    • ", + "
  • any interest
    • ", + "

    To view this, sign in using your Government Gateway user ID and password and choose \u2018View statements\u2019 from the left-hand menu.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re owed tax

    ", + "

    To claim a refund, go to \u2018Request a repayment\u2019 from the left-hand menu within your HMRC online account. Allow 4 weeks for your refund to be sent to your bank account.

    ", + "

    You may not get a refund if you have tax due in the next 35 days (for example for a payment on account). Instead, the money will be deducted from the tax you owe.

    ", + "

    If you need to pay more tax

    ", + "

    Your updated bill will also show:

    ", + "
  • the deadline for paying
    • ", + "
  • the effect on any payments on account you need to make
    • ", + "

    If you sent an updated paper return

    ", + "

    HMRC will send you an updated bill within 4 weeks. They\u2019ll also pay any refund directly into your bank account, as long as you included your bank details on tax return.

    ", + "

    How to get help

    ", + "

    If you need help with Self Assessment, you can:

    ", + "
  • appoint someone to fill in and send your tax return, for example an accountant, friend or relative - you can find an accountant accredited in the UK
    • ", + "
  • watch videos and join webinars
    • ", + "
  • contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) for general Self Assessment enquiries
    • ", + "
  • get help with your online account
    • ", + "

    Help filling in your return

    ", + "

    There\u2019s introductory guidance on GOV.UK to:

    ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019ve sold certain things like property or shares
    • ", + "
  • expenses if you\u2019re an employee or self-employed
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit if your income\u2019s over \u00a350,000
    • ", + "
  • tax on income from renting property
    • ", + "
  • tax on savings interest
    • ", + "
  • tax returns for business partnerships
    • ", + "
  • tax on income from abroad - or on your UK income if you live abroad
    • ", + "

    Guidance notes and helpsheets

    ", + "

    You can also read guidance in:

    ", + "
  • the notes for each section of the tax return, for example \u2018UK property notes\u2019 if you\u2019re completing that section
    • ", + "
  • HMRC\u2019s Self Assessment helpsheets
    • ", + "

    Returns for someone who has died

    ", + "

    You must report a death to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as soon as possible if you\u2019re dealing with the tax affairs of someone who\u2019s died.

    ", + "

    HMRC will tell you if you need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return on the deceased\u2019s behalf. If you do, they\u2019ll send you a return form and a letter with instructions.

    ", + "

    Contacting HMRC

    ", + "

    If you use the Tell Us Once service you do not need to contact HMRC separately.

    ", + "

    If you do not use the Tell Us Once service contact HMRC.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC the:

    ", + "
  • date of death
    • ", + "
  • name and address of who to contact
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to tell them one of the following for the deceased:

    ", + "
  • National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - you can find this on letters or payslips from HMRC
    • ", + "
  • full address
    • ", + "
  • last employer or pension provider\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "

    Filling in the Self Assessment tax return

    ", + "

    The records you\u2019ll need for the deceased\u2019s tax return will depend on their circumstances. You\u2019ll usually need details of the deceased\u2019s bank and savings accounts, for example:

    ", + "
  • bank statements
    • ", + "
  • building society pass books
    • ", + "
  • dividend vouchers
    • ", + "
  • National Savings bonds or certificates
    • ", + "

    If the deceased was employed or receiving a pension you\u2019ll usually need:

    ", + "
  • work or pension payslips
    • ", + "
  • details of any expenses paid by the employer
    • ", + "
  • confirmation of any state pension
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need their business records if the deceased ran their own business or rented out property.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC\u2019s Bereavement helpline if you need help completing a return for someone who has died or if you cannot find their records.

    ", + "

    Sending the return

    ", + "

    Send the completed Self Assessment form by post.

    ", + "

    The return must reach HMRC by the date given in the letter you received with the form.

    ", + "

    You can hire a professional (such as an accountant) to help you submit a tax return on behalf of the deceased.

    ", + "

    Telling HMRC about the \u2018administration period\u2019

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the executor or administrator of an estate you may also need to send information to HMRC for the \u2018administration period\u2019. This is the time between the day after the death and the date the estate is settled (\u2018distributed\u2019).

    ", + "

    What you need to send depends on the size of the estate, and the money that came from it during the administration period.

    ", + "

    When you must send a tax return for the \u2018administration period\u2019

    ", + "

    Fill in a trust and estate tax return if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the total Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax due for the administration period was more than \u00a310,000
    • ", + "
  • the estate was worth more than \u00a32.5 million at the date of death
    • ", + "
  • the date of death was before 6 April 2016 and more than \u00a3250,000 a year came from the sale of the estate\u2019s assets by administrators or executors
    • ", + "
  • the date of death was on or after 6 April 2016 and more than \u00a3500,000 a year came from the sale of the estate\u2019s assets by administrators or executors
    • ", + "

    The trust and estate tax return is only for the estate - it\u2019s separate from the return you sent on behalf of the deceased.

    ", + "

    Sending the tax return

    ", + "

    To send an estate tax return, you must first register the estate online.

    ", + "

    You must register by 5 October after the tax year you\u2019re sending a return for. For example, if you\u2019re sending a return for the 2020 to 2021 tax year (6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021) then you must register by 5 October 2021.

    ", + "

    To register the estate you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a Government Gateway user ID - the account needs to be registered as an organisation (you cannot use an account registered to an individual)
    • ", + "
  • a National Insurance number (a temporary reference number will not work)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a new Government Gateway user ID for each estate you register

    ", + "

    You must register the estate online. Then you\u2019ll get a Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) in the post within 15 working days (21 if you\u2019re abroad). You\u2019ll need it to send a tax return.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve received your UTR, you can either:

    ", + "
  • fill in paper form SA900 and post it to HMRC by 31 October after the tax year it applies to
    • ", + "
  • buy software to send it electronically by 31 January after the tax year it applies to
    • ", + "

    After you\u2019ve sent your return, HMRC will tell you how much the estate owes. You\u2019ll need to pay the Self Assessment bill by the deadline.

    ", + "

    If you do not need to send a tax return

    ", + "

    You can make \u2018informal arrangements\u2019 instead. To do this, write to HMRC and tell them:

    ", + "
  • the Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax due for the administration period
    • ", + "
  • the name, address, National Insurance number, and UTR of the deceased
    • ", + "
  • your name and contact details
    • ", + "

    Send this information to HMRC\u2019s address for PAYE and Self Assessment. You must not send tax payments with this information.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be provided with a payment slip and reference number. You must use these to pay any tax that needs to be paid.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax and Employee Share Schemes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If your employer offers you company shares, you could get tax advantages, like not paying Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.

    ", + "

    Tax advantages only apply if the shares are offered through the following schemes:

    ", + "
  • Share Incentive Plans
    • ", + "
  • Save As You Earn (SAYE)
    • ", + "
  • Company Share Option Plans
    • ", + "
  • Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)
    • ", + "

    You may be offered shares outside of these schemes. However these will not have the same tax advantages.

    ", + "

    You can also get tax advantages if you\u2019re an employee shareholder.

    ", + "

    Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)

    ", + "

    If you get shares through a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and keep them in the plan for 5 years you will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.

    ", + "

    You will not pay Capital Gains Tax on shares you sell if you keep them in the plan until you sell them.

    ", + "

    If you take them out of the plan, keep them and then sell them later on, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if their value has increased.

    ", + "

    There are 4 ways you can get shares under SIPs.

    ", + "

    Free shares

    ", + "

    Your employer can give you up to \u00a33,600 of free shares in any tax year.

    ", + "

    Partnership shares

    ", + "

    You can buy shares out of your salary before tax deductions. There\u2019s a limit to how much you can spend - either \u00a31,800 or 10% of your income for the tax year, whichever is lower.

    ", + "

    Matching shares

    ", + "

    Your employer can give you up to 2 free matching shares for each partnership share you buy.

    ", + "

    Dividend shares

    ", + "

    You may be able to buy more shares with the dividends you get from free, partnership or matching shares (but only if your employer\u2019s scheme allows it).

    ", + "

    You will not pay Income Tax if you keep the dividend shares for at least 3 years.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax and National Insurance on any shares you take out of a SIP early.

    ", + "

    Save As You Earn (SAYE)

    ", + "

    This is a savings-related share scheme where you can buy shares with your savings for a fixed price.

    ", + "

    You can save up to \u00a3500 a month under the scheme. At the end of your savings contract (3 or 5 years) you can use the savings to buy shares.

    ", + "

    The tax advantages are:

    ", + "
  • the interest and any bonus at the end of the scheme is tax-free
    • ", + "
  • you do not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re worth
    • ", + "

    You might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll not pay Capital Gains Tax if you transfer the shares:

    ", + "
  • to an Individual Savings Account (ISA) within 90 days of the scheme ending
    • ", + "
  • to a pension, directly from the scheme when it ends
    • ", + "

    If you do not transfer your shares to a pension immediately when the scheme ends, you can still transfer them up to 90 days later. You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if they go up in value between when you buy them and when you transfer them.

    ", + "

    Company Share Option Plan

    ", + "

    This gives you the option to buy up to \u00a330,000 worth of shares at a fixed price.

    ", + "

    You will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance contributions on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re actually worth.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.

    ", + "

    Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)

    ", + "

    If you work for a company with assets of \u00a330 million or less, it may be able to offer Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs).

    ", + "

    Your company can grant you share options up to the value of \u00a3250,000 in a 3-year period.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance if you buy the shares for at least the market value they had when you were granted the option.

    ", + "

    If you were given a discount on the market value, you\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay and what the shares were worth.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.

    ", + "

    Excluded activities

    ", + "

    Companies that work in \u2018excluded activities\u2019 are not allowed to offer EMIs. Excluded activities include:

    ", + "
  • banking
    • ", + "
  • farming
    • ", + "
  • property development
    • ", + "
  • provision of legal services
    • ", + "
  • ship building
    • ", + "

    Employee shareholder shares

    ", + "

    To be an employee shareholder, you must own shares in your employer\u2019s company that were worth at least \u00a32,000 when you got them.

    ", + "

    You will not usually pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the first \u00a32,000 worth of employee shareholder shares you get before 1 December 2016.

    ", + "

    You will not get tax relief if you or someone you\u2019re connected with (like a business partner, spouse or family member) have 25% or more voting rights in the company.

    ", + "

    When you become an employee shareholder your employer must pay for an independent expert to give advice about the terms and effects of the employee shareholder agreement. This advice not count as a taxable benefit.

    ", + "

    Selling your shares

    ", + "

    You might not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell shares. It depends on when you signed your employee shareholder agreement.

    ", + "

    Before 17 March 2016

    ", + "

    You only pay Capital Gains Tax on shares that were worth over \u00a350,000 when you got them.

    ", + "

    From 17 March 2016

    ", + "

    You only pay Capital Gains Tax on gains over \u00a3100,000 that you make during your lifetime. The \u2018gain\u2019 is the profit you make when you sell shares that have increased in value.

    ", + "

    Transferring your shares to an ISA

    ", + "

    You can transfer up to \u00a320,000 of employee shares into a stocks and shares Individual Savings Account (ISA) if you have shares in a:

    ", + "
  • Save As You Earn (SAYE) scheme
    • ", + "
  • Share Incentive Plan (SIP)
    • ", + "

    Your ISA provider must agree to the transfer.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on any gains you make on your shares if you move them to an ISA.

    ", + "

    You must transfer your shares to your ISA within 90 days of when you took out your SIP or SAYE shares.

    ", + "

    These shares will count towards your \u00a320,000 ISA limit. They cannot be in addition to the limit.

    ", + "

    Ask your employer or ISA provider for more information on how to transfer.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax codes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-codes", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your tax code is used by your employer or pension provider to work out how much Income Tax to take from your pay or pension. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell them which code to use.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Find your tax code

    ", + "

    Use the check your Income Tax online service within your Personal Tax Account to find your tax code for the current year. You can also view your tax code for:

    ", + "
  • a previous tax year
    • ", + "
  • the next tax year
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to sign in with Government Gateway or create an account if you do not already have one.

    ", + "

    Once signed in, you can also see:

    ", + "
  • if your tax code has changed
    • ", + "
  • how much tax you\u2019re likely to pay
    • ", + "

    You can also find your tax code on your payslip or tax code letter from HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you think your tax code is wrong

    ", + "

    If you think your tax code is wrong, you can update your employment details using the check your Income Tax online service.

    ", + "

    You can also tell HMRC about a change in income that may have affected your tax code.

    ", + "

    Why your tax code might change

    ", + "

    HMRC may update your tax code if:

    ", + "
  • you start to get income from an additional job or pension
    • ", + "
  • your employer tells HMRC you have started or stopped getting benefits from your job
    • ", + "
  • you get taxable state benefits
    • ", + "
  • you claim Marriage Allowance
    • ", + "
  • you claim expenses that you get tax relief on
    • ", + "

    You may also be put on an emergency tax code if you change jobs.

    ", + "

    What your tax code means

    ", + "

    Your tax code is made up of several numbers and a letter.

    ", + "

    1257L is the tax code currently used for most people who have one job or pension.

    ", + "

    HMRC will usually contact you to explain how they worked out your individual tax code if your tax code changes.

    ", + "

    What the numbers mean

    ", + "

    The numbers in your tax code tell your employer or pension provider how much tax-free income you get in that tax year.

    ", + "

    HMRC works out your individual number based on your tax-free Personal Allowance and income you have not paid tax on (such as untaxed interest or part-time earnings). They also consider the value of any benefits from your job (such as a company car).

    ", + "

    What the letters mean

    ", + "

    Letters in your tax code refer to your situation and how it affects your Personal Allowance.

    ", + "Letters | What they mean", + "L | You\u2019re entitled to the standard tax-free Personal Allowance", + "M | Marriage Allowance: you\u2019ve received a transfer of 10% of your partner\u2019s Personal Allowance", + "N | Marriage Allowance: you\u2019ve transferred 10% of your Personal Allowance to your partner", + "T | Your tax code includes other calculations to work out your Personal Allowance", + "0T | Your Personal Allowance has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code", + "BR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "D0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "D1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the additional rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "NT | You\u2019re not paying any tax on this income", + "S | Your income or pension is taxed using the rates in Scotland", + "S0T | Your Personal Allowance (Scotland) has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code", + "SBR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "SD0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the intermediate rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "SD1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "SD2 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the top rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "C | Your income or pension is taxed using the rates in Wales", + "C0T | Your Personal Allowance (Wales) has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code", + "CBR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "CD0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "CD1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the additional rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "

    If your tax code has \u2018W1\u2019 or \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018X\u2019 at the end

    ", + "

    These are emergency tax codes.

    ", + "

    If your tax code has a \u2018K\u2019 at the beginning

    ", + "

    Tax codes with \u2018K\u2019 at the beginning mean you have income that is not being taxed another way and it\u2019s worth more than your tax-free allowance.

    ", + "

    For most people, this happens when you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • paying tax you owe from a previous year through your wages or pension
    • ", + "
  • getting benefits you need to pay tax on - these can be state benefits or company benefits
    • ", + "

    Your employer or pension provider takes the tax due on the income that has not been taxed from your wages or pension - even if another organisation is paying the untaxed income to you.

    ", + "

    Employers and pension providers cannot take more than half your pre-tax wages or pension when using a K tax code.

    ", + "

    Emergency tax codes

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on an emergency tax code your payslip will show:

    ", + "
  • 1257 W1
    • ", + "
  • 1257 M1
    • ", + "
  • 1257 X
    • ", + "

    These mean you\u2019ll pay tax on all your income above the basic Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    You may be put on an emergency tax code if HMRC does not get your income details in time after a change in circumstances such as:

    ", + "
  • a new job
    • ", + "
  • working for an employer after being self-employed
    • ", + "
  • getting company benefits or the State Pension
    • ", + "

    Emergency tax codes are temporary. HMRC will usually update your tax code when you or your employer give them your correct details. If your change in circumstances means you have not paid the right amount of tax, you\u2019ll stay on the emergency tax code until you\u2019ve paid the correct tax for the year.

    ", + "

    Updating your details

    ", + "

    Your employer can help you update your tax code by sending details about your previous income or pension to HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve started a new job

    ", + "

    Give your employer your P45 from your previous job. If you do not have a P45, your employer should ask you for the information they need instead.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve started working for an employer after being self-employed

    ", + "

    Your employer should give you a \u2018starter checklist\u2019 - this is a form you can use to give them details about your previous employment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve started getting company benefits or the State Pension

    ", + "

    Check your tax code online to make sure it includes the State Pension or company benefit. If they\u2019re not included, update your details in the tax code online service or by contacting HMRC.

    ", + "

    The emergency tax code will stay in place until the end of the tax year. This means you\u2019ll pay the right amount of tax for the current tax year. In the new tax year HMRC will put you on a regular tax code.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC about a change in income

    ", + "

    In most cases, HMRC will automatically update your tax code when your income changes, for example if you start a new job, start getting a pension or receive benefits or work expenses. They\u2019ll usually get this information from your employer.

    ", + "

    If HMRC has the wrong information about your income, you may be given an incorrect tax code.

    ", + "

    To correct your tax code, make sure HMRC has up-to-date details about your income.

    ", + "

    Check what you need to do if you\u2019re on an emergency tax code.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC about a change

    ", + "

    You can report a change in your income by either:

    ", + "
  • using the online check your Income Tax service
    • ", + "
  • contacting HMRC
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re contacting HMRC on someone else\u2019s behalf

    ", + "

    If you need to tell HMRC about a change in someone else\u2019s income (for example, because you\u2019re their accountant) fill in a PAYE Coding Notice query form.

    ", + "

    After you report your change

    ", + "

    HMRC will contact you if they change your tax code.\nThey will also tell your employer or pension provider that your tax code has changed.

    ", + "

    Your next payslip should show:

    ", + "
  • your new tax code
    • ", + "
  • adjustments to your pay if you were paying the wrong amount of tax
    • ", + "

    Get a tax refund or pay the tax you owe

    ", + "

    If HMRC update your tax code and you\u2019ve paid too much or too little tax, HMRC will send you a P800 or a Simple Assessment tax calculation. This will enable you to get a refund or pay what you owe.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax on company benefits", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-company-benefits", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As an employee, you pay tax on company benefits like cars, accommodation and loans.

    ", + "

    Your employer takes the tax you owe from your wages through Pay As You Earn (PAYE).

    ", + "

    The amount you pay depends on what kind of benefits you get and their value, which your employer works out.

    ", + "

    Check your Income Tax to see how company benefits affect the tax you pay.

    ", + "

    Some company benefits can be tax-free, like childcare and canteen meals.

    ", + "

    You have to pay tax and National Insurance on things that are paid in cash, as they\u2019re treated as earnings.

    ", + "

    Tax on company cars

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay tax if you or your family use a company car privately, including for commuting.

    ", + "

    You pay tax on the value to you of the company car, which depends on things like how much it would cost to buy and the type of fuel it uses.

    ", + "

    This value of the car is reduced if:

    ", + "
  • you have it part-time
    • ", + "
  • you pay something towards its cost
    • ", + "
  • it has low CO2 emissions
    • ", + "

    If your employer pays for fuel you use for personal journeys, you\u2019ll pay tax on this separately.

    ", + "

    If you drive a hybrid

    ", + "

    If your company car has CO2 emissions of 1 to 50g/km, the value of the car is based on its zero emission mileage figure, or \u2018electric range\u2019. This is the distance the car can go on electric power before its batteries need recharging.

    ", + "

    Contact your employer to find out your car\u2019s zero emission mileage figure.

    ", + "

    Check or update your company car tax

    ", + "

    Tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your car or fuel details change. You can check or update your company car tax online, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you get a company car or give one back
    • ", + "
  • your employer starts or stops paying for fuel for you to use personally
    • ", + "

    If a change affects the value of the car, HMRC will update your tax code so you pay the right tax.

    ", + "

    Estimating the tax you\u2019ll pay

    ", + "

    You can see how much tax you might pay with HMRC\u2019s company car and fuel benefit calculator.

    ", + "

    This calculator may not work in all browsers. Find out how to update or change your browser.

    ", + "

    Other company benefits you'll pay tax on

    ", + "

    You pay tax on the value of the benefit to you, which your employer works out.

    ", + "

    Check your Income Tax to see how company benefits affect the tax you pay.

    ", + "

    Medical insurance

    ", + "

    You usually pay tax on the cost of the insurance premiums if your employer pays for your medical insurance.

    ", + "

    Check how your employer works out how much tax to deduct from your pay.

    ", + "

    You can get some tax-free health benefits from your employer, including:

    ", + "
  • medical insurance when you\u2019re working abroad
    • ", + "
  • annual check-ups
    • ", + "

    Check and report changes to medical insurance paid for by your employer.

    ", + "

    Loans

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay tax on low-interest or interest-free loans from your employer if they\u2019re worth more than \u00a310,000.

    ", + "

    You pay tax on the difference between the interest rate you pay to your employer and the official rate of interest set by the Bank of England.

    ", + "

    You may pay tax if your employer lends money to one of your relatives.

    ", + "

    Check how your employer works out how much tax to deduct from your pay.

    ", + "

    Living accommodation

    ", + "

    If you (or one of your relatives) is living in accommodation provided by your employer you may pay tax.

    ", + "

    How the tax is worked out depends on whether the accommodation cost more than \u00a375,000.

    ", + "

    Check how your employer works out how much tax to deduct from your pay.

    ", + "

    You may not pay tax if you get the accommodation so you can do your job, or do your job better, for example agricultural workers living on farms.

    ", + "

    Help with your Self Assessment

    ", + "

    Use the living accommodation helpsheet if you need help with the \u2018Employment\u2019 section of your Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    Tax-free company benefits

    ", + "

    You can get some company benefits tax free, including:

    ", + "
  • meals in a staff canteen
    • ", + "
  • hot drinks and water at work
    • ", + "
  • a mobile phone
    • ", + "
  • workplace parking
    • ", + "

    Christmas parties can also be tax free if they cost \u00a3150 or less per head and are open to all employees.

    ", + "

    Your employer might provide tax free childcare support, including childcare vouchers.

    ", + "

    National Insurance on company benefits

    ", + "

    You do not usually have to pay National Insurance on benefits you get from your job.

    ", + "

    Your employer will pay National Insurance contributions on them instead.

    ", + "

    But you do have to pay National Insurance on things that are paid in cash, as they\u2019re treated as earnings.

    ", + "

    For example, if your employer gives you a gift that you could sell instead of keep, you will pay National Insurance on the value of the gift.

    ", + "

    Keeping records and reporting changes

    ", + "

    At the end of each tax year, your employer will give you details of the company benefits they\u2019ve told HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about.

    ", + "

    They might give you a copy of your P11D form, if they sent one to HMRC.

    ", + "

    You must keep these details for 2 years after the tax year they relate to.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC about starting or stopping company benefits

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC about any benefits you or your family start or stop getting from work - even if your employer has already taken Income Tax and National Insurance for them.

    ", + "

    You should only tell HMRC that you\u2019ve got a company car once you\u2019ve started using it.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax on foreign income", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-foreign-income", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may need to pay UK Income Tax on your foreign income, such as:

    ", + "
  • wages if you work abroad
    • ", + "
  • foreign investment income, for example dividends and savings interest
    • ", + "
  • rental income on overseas property
    • ", + "
  • income from pensions held overseas
    • ", + "

    Foreign income is anything from outside England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are classed as foreign.

    ", + "

    Working out if you need to pay

    ", + "

    Whether you need to pay depends on if you\u2019re classed as \u2018resident\u2019 in the UK for tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not UK resident, you will not have to pay UK tax on your foreign income.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re UK resident, you\u2019ll normally pay tax on your foreign income. But you may not have to if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.

    ", + "

    Reporting foreign income

    ", + "

    If you need to pay tax, you usually report your foreign income in a Self Assessment tax return. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.

    ", + "

    If your income is taxed in more than one country

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief if you\u2019re taxed in more than one country.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not yet paid tax on the foreign income, you may need to apply for a certificate of residence to prove you\u2019re eligible for relief.

    ", + "

    UK residence and tax

    ", + "

    Your UK residence status affects whether you need to pay tax in the UK on your foreign income.

    ", + "

    Non-residents only pay tax on their UK income - they do not pay UK tax on their foreign income.

    ", + "

    Residents normally pay UK tax on all their income, whether it\u2019s from the UK or abroad. But there are special rules for UK residents whose permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.

    ", + "

    Work out your residence status

    ", + "

    Whether you\u2019re UK resident usually depends on how many days you spend in the UK in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).

    ", + "

    You\u2019re automatically resident if either:

    ", + "
  • you spent 183 or more days in the UK in the tax year
    • ", + "
  • your only home was in the UK - you must have owned, rented or lived in it for at least 91 days in total - and you spent at least 30 days there in the tax year
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re automatically non-resident if either:

    ", + "
  • you spent fewer than 16 days in the UK (or 46 days if you have not been classed as UK resident for the 3 previous tax years)
    • ", + "
  • you work abroad full-time (averaging at least 35 hours a week) and spent fewer than 91 days in the UK, of which no more than 30 were spent working
    • ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    If your situation\u2019s more complicated or you need to confirm your status, you can:

    ", + "
  • read HMRC\u2019s guidance on the Statutory Residence Test
    • ", + "
  • get professional tax help
    • ", + "

    Your residence status when you move

    ", + "

    When you move in or out of the UK, the tax year is usually split into 2 - a non-resident part and a resident part. This means you only pay UK tax on foreign income based on the time you were living here.

    ", + "

    This is called \u2018split-year treatment\u2019.

    ", + "

    You will not get split-year treatment if you live abroad for less than a full tax year before returning to the UK. You also need to meet other conditions.

    ", + "

    To find out if you qualify and see which split-year treatment \u2018case\u2019 you\u2019ll need to mention on your Self Assessment tax return, you can:

    ", + "
  • read chapter 5 of HMRC\u2019s guidance note on the Statutory Residence Test
    • ", + "
  • contact HMRC
    • ", + "

    If your situation changes

    ", + "

    Your status can change from one tax year to the next. Check your status if your situation changes, for example:

    ", + "
  • you spend more or less time in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you buy or sell a home in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you change your job
    • ", + "
  • your family moves in or out of the UK, or you get married, separate or have children
    • ", + "

    Residence and capital gains

    ", + "

    You work out your residence status for capital gains (for example, when you sell shares or a second home) the same way as you do for income.

    ", + "

    UK residents have to pay tax on their UK and foreign gains. Non-residents have to pay tax on income, but only pay Capital Gains Tax either:

    ", + "
  • on UK property or land
    • ", + "
  • if they return to the UK
    • ", + "

    Residence before April 2013

    ", + "

    There were different rules for working out your residence status before 6 April 2013.

    ", + "

    'Non-domiciled' residents

    ", + "

    UK residents who have their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) outside the UK may not have to pay UK tax on foreign income.

    ", + "

    The same rules apply if you make any foreign capital gains, for example you sell shares or a second home.

    ", + "

    Working out your domicile

    ", + "

    Your domicile\u2019s usually the country your father considered his permanent home when you were born. It may have changed if you moved abroad and you do not intend to return.

    ", + "

    If you need help working out which country you\u2019re domiciled in, you can:

    ", + "
  • read chapter 5 of HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019
    • ", + "
  • get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser
    • ", + "

    There are additional rules for domicile and Inheritance Tax.

    ", + "

    Tax if you\u2019re non-domiciled

    ", + "

    You do not pay UK tax on your foreign income or gains if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re less than \u00a32,000 in the tax year
    • ", + "
  • you do not bring them into the UK, for example by transferring them to a UK bank account
    • ", + "

    If this applies to you, you do not need to do anything.

    ", + "

    Chapter 9 in HMRC\u2019s guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019 explains the rules for bringing income or gains to the UK.

    ", + "

    If your income is \u00a32,000 or more

    ", + "

    You must report foreign income or gains of \u00a32,000 or more, or any money that you bring to the UK, in a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • pay UK tax on them - you may be able to claim it back
    • ", + "
  • claim the \u2018remittance basis\u2019
    • ", + "

    Claiming the remittance basis means you only pay UK tax on the income or gains you bring to the UK, but you:

    ", + "
  • lose tax-free allowances for Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax (some \u2018dual residents\u2019 may keep them)
    • ", + "
  • pay an annual charge if you\u2019ve been resident of the UK for a certain amount of time
    • ", + "

    You pay an annual charge of either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a330,000 if you\u2019ve been here for at least 7 of the previous 9 tax years
    • ", + "
  • \u00a360,000 for at least 12 of the previous 14 tax years
    • ", + "

    Claiming the remittance basis is complicated. You can:

    ", + "
  • contact HMRC
    • ", + "
  • get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser
    • ", + "

    If you work in the UK and abroad

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you work both in the UK and abroad.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay tax on foreign income or gains (even those you bring into the UK) if you get the \u2018foreign workers\u2019 exemption\u2019.

    ", + "

    You qualify if:

    ", + "
  • your income from your overseas job is less than \u00a310,000
    • ", + "
  • your other foreign income (such as bank interest) is less than \u00a3100
    • ", + "
  • all your foreign income has been subject to foreign tax (even if you did not have to pay, for example because of a tax-free allowance)
    • ", + "
  • your combined UK and foreign income is within the band for basic rate Income Tax
    • ", + "
  • you do not need to fill in a tax return for any other reason
    • ", + "

    If you qualify, you do not need to do anything to claim.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re seconded to the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim Overseas Workday Relief if your employer sends you to work in the UK on secondment.

    ", + "

    If you qualify you:

    ", + "
  • pay UK tax on UK employment income based on the number of days you\u2019ve worked here
    • ", + "
  • do not pay tax on income from days you work abroad (as long as you do not bring it into the UK)
    • ", + "

    Ask your employer to find out if you can claim.

    ", + "

    Foreign students

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you come to study in the UK.

    ", + "

    Reporting your foreign income

    ", + "

    You usually need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a UK resident with foreign income or capital gains. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.

    ", + "

    You do not need to fill in a tax return if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your only foreign income is dividends
    • ", + "
  • your total dividends - including UK dividends - are less than the \u00a32,000 dividend allowance
    • ", + "
  • you have no other income to report
    • ", + "

    Different rules may apply if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.

    ", + "

    Register for Self Assessment

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.

    ", + "

    Register now

    ", + "

    Filling in your tax return

    ", + "

    Use the \u2018foreign\u2019 section of the tax return to record your overseas income or gains.

    ", + "

    Include income that\u2019s already been taxed abroad to get Foreign Tax Credit Relief, if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance on how to report your foreign income or gains in your tax return in \u2018Foreign notes\u2019.

    ", + "

    Foreign income that's taxed differently

    ", + "

    Most foreign income is taxed in the same way as UK income, but there are special rules for:

    ", + "
  • pensions
    • ", + "
  • rent from property
    • ", + "
  • certain types of employment income
    • ", + "

    Pensions

    ", + "

    You have to pay tax on pensions if you\u2019re resident, or were resident in any of the 5 previous tax years.

    ", + "

    You also pay tax on any foreign pension payments, including unauthorised payments like early payments and some lump sums.

    ", + "

    Check with your pension provider to find out how you\u2019ll be taxed.

    ", + "

    Rent from property

    ", + "

    You pay tax in the normal way on overseas property. But if you rent out more than one, you can offset losses against other overseas properties.

    ", + "

    Certain types of employment income

    ", + "

    You usually pay tax in the normal way if you work both in the UK and abroad. There are special rules if you work:

    ", + "
  • on a ship or in the offshore gas or oil industry
    • ", + "
  • for the EU or government, or as a volunteer development worker
    • ", + "

    If you're taxed twice

    ", + "

    You may be taxed on your foreign income by the UK and by the country where your income is from.

    ", + "

    You can usually claim tax relief to get some or all of this tax back. How you claim depends on whether your foreign income has already been taxed.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to claim relief if you\u2019re a non-resident with UK income.

    ", + "

    Apply for tax relief before you get taxed on foreign income

    ", + "

    You have to apply for tax relief in the country your income\u2019s from if:

    ", + "
  • the income is exempt from foreign tax but is taxed in the UK (for example, most pensions)
    • ", + "
  • required by that country\u2019s double-taxation agreement
    • ", + "

    Ask the foreign tax authority for a form, or apply by letter if they do not have one.

    ", + "

    Before you apply, you must prove you\u2019re eligible for tax relief by either:

    ", + "
  • completing the form and sending it to HMRC - they\u2019ll confirm whether you\u2019re resident and send the form back to you
    • ", + "
  • including a UK certificate of residence, if you\u2019re applying by letter
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got proof, send the form or letter to the foreign tax authority.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already paid tax on your foreign income

    ", + "

    You can usually claim Foreign Tax Credit Relief when you report your overseas income in your tax return.

    ", + "

    How much relief you get depends on the UK\u2019s \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 with the country your income\u2019s from.

    ", + "

    You usually still get relief even if there is not an agreement, unless the foreign tax does not correspond to UK Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or a get professional tax help if you\u2019re not sure, or need help with double-taxation relief.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get back

    ", + "

    You may not get back the full amount of foreign tax you paid. You get back less if either:

    ", + "
  • a smaller amount is set by the country\u2019s double-taxation agreement
    • ", + "
  • the income would have been taxed at a lower rate in the UK
    • ", + "

    HMRC has guidance on how Foreign Tax Credit Relief is calculated, including the special rules for interest and dividends in \u2018Foreign notes\u2019.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim this relief if the UK\u2019s double-taxation agreement requires you to claim tax back from the country your income was from.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually pay tax in the country where you\u2019re resident and be exempt from tax in the country where you make the capital gain. You will not usually need to make a claim.

    ", + "

    You have to pay Capital Gains Tax on UK residential property even if you\u2019re not UK resident.

    ", + "

    When to claim relief

    ", + "

    There are different rules if your gain comes from an asset that either:

    ", + "
  • cannot be taken out of the country, such as land or a house
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re using for business in that country
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay tax in both countries and get relief from the UK.

    ", + "

    Dual residents

    ", + "

    You can be resident in both the UK and another country. You\u2019ll need to check the other country\u2019s residence rules and when the tax year starts and ends.

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance for claiming double-taxation relief if you\u2019re dual resident.

    ", + "

    If you come to study in the UK

    ", + "

    Foreign students usually do not pay UK tax on foreign income or gains, as long as they\u2019re used for course fees or living costs like:

    ", + "
  • food
    • ", + "
  • rent
    • ", + "
  • bills
    • ", + "
  • study materials
    • ", + "

    Check that the country your income\u2019s from has a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 that covers students.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may ask you to account for your living costs if they\u2019re more than \u00a315,000 in a tax year (excluding course fees). The tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.

    ", + "

    When you need to pay tax

    ", + "

    You may need to pay tax on your foreign income in the normal way if you:

    ", + "
  • are from a country without a double-taxation agreement for students
    • ", + "
  • have other income that you do not bring to the UK
    • ", + "
  • bring it to the UK and spend it on things other than living costs and course fees
    • ", + "
  • plan to stay in the UK as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you work in the UK

    ", + "

    Some double-taxation agreements mean you do not pay UK tax on your income if you work while you\u2019re a student.

    ", + "

    If your country does not have an agreement like this, you have to pay tax in the same way as others who come to live in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax on your UK income if you live abroad", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-uk-income-live-abroad", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You usually have to pay tax on your UK income even if you\u2019re not a UK resident. Income includes things like:

    ", + "
  • pension
    • ", + "
  • rental income
    • ", + "
  • savings interest
    • ", + "
  • wages
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for a Personal Allowance you pay Income Tax on your income above that amount. Otherwise, you pay tax on all your income.

    ", + "

    The country where you live might tax you on your UK income. If it has a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK, you can claim tax relief in the UK to avoid being taxed twice.

    ", + "

    You do not normally pay tax when you sell an asset, apart from on UK property or land.

    ", + "

    When tax is not due or is already deducted

    ", + "

    Non-residents do not usually pay UK tax on:

    ", + "
  • the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • interest from UK government securities (\u2018gilts\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you live abroad and are employed in the UK, your tax is calculated automatically on the days you work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Income Tax is no longer automatically taken from interest on savings and investments.

    ", + "

    When to report your income to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)

    ", + "

    You usually have to send a Self Assessment tax return if:

    ", + "
  • you rent out property in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you work for yourself in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have a pension outside the UK and you were UK resident in one of the 5 previous tax years
    • ", + "
  • you have other untaxed income
    • ", + "

    You do not need to report your income to HMRC if you\u2019ve already claimed tax relief under a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a non-UK resident and were stuck in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    If you could not leave the UK when you intended because of coronavirus, you will not have to pay UK tax on employment income that:

    ", + "
  • you earned between the dates you intended to leave and when you actually left
    • ", + "
  • you paid tax on in your home country
    • ", + "

    You must file a Self Assessment tax return, together with a completed SA109 form. Use the \u2018other information\u2019 section of your SA109 to include:

    ", + "
  • the dates you were stuck in the UK because of coronavirus
    • ", + "
  • what you earned in that time
    • ", + "
  • confirmation you paid tax on these earnings in another country
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re unsure how to file a Self Assessment return, you can get advice from a professional, like an accountant.

    ", + "

    HMRC may ask you for proof that you:

    ", + "
  • could not leave the UK when you intended, for example an NHS isolation note
    • ", + "
  • paid tax in another country on what you earned while stuck in the UK
    • ", + "
  • left the UK as soon as you reasonably could
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay tax in the UK if you cannot prove you were unable to leave the UK and did not leave as soon as you could.

    ", + "

    Sending a Self Assessment tax return

    ", + "

    You cannot use HMRC\u2019s online services to tell them about your income if you\u2019re non-resident. Instead, you must do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • fill in a Self Assessment tax return and an SA109 form and send by post
    • ", + "
  • use commercial Self Assessment software that supports SA109 reporting (this may appear as a \u2018residence, remittance basis etc\u2019 section)
    • ", + "
  • get a tax professional to report your UK income for you
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be fined if you miss the deadline - it\u2019s earlier if you\u2019re sending your return by post (31 October).

    ", + "

    If you have overpaid

    ", + "

    Apply for a refund if you think you\u2019ve paid too much tax. This might happen if tax is deducted automatically (for example by your bank) but your total UK income is below your Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Send form R43 to HMRC, or claim the refund in your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re already doing one.

    ", + "

    HMRC will usually send refunds by cheque. If you want HMRC to send a refund straight to your bank account, include your bank account number and sort code on your tax return. You need to include this information each time you complete a tax return.

    ", + "

    Get help from a professional (like an accountant) if you need advice.

    ", + "

    Rental income

    ", + "

    You need to pay tax on your rental income if you rent out a property in the UK.

    ", + "

    You may also need to pay tax if you make a gain when you sell property or land in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you live abroad for 6 months or more per year, you\u2019re classed as a \u2018non-resident landlord\u2019 by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - even if you\u2019re a UK resident for tax purposes.

    ", + "

    How you pay tax

    ", + "

    You can get your rent either:

    ", + "
  • in full and pay tax through Self Assessment - if HMRC allows you to do this
    • ", + "
  • with tax already deducted by your letting agent or tenant
    • ", + "

    Get your rent in full

    ", + "

    If you want to pay tax on your rental income through Self Assessment, fill in form NRL1i and send it back to HMRC.

    ", + "

    If your application is approved, HMRC will tell your letting agent or tenant not to deduct tax from your rent and you\u2019ll need to declare your income in your Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    HMRC will not approve your application if your taxes are not up to date, for example you\u2019re late with your tax returns or payments.

    ", + "

    Get your rent with tax deducted

    ", + "

    Your letting agent or tenant will:

    ", + "
  • deduct basic rate tax from your rent (after allowing for any expenses they\u2019ve paid)
    • ", + "
  • give you a certificate at the end of the tax year saying how much tax they\u2019ve deducted
    • ", + "

    If you do not have a letting agent and your tenant pays you more than \u00a3100 a week in rent, they\u2019ll deduct the tax from their rent payments to you.

    ", + "

    Filling in your tax return

    ", + "

    You need to declare your rental income in a Self Assessment tax return unless HMRC tells you not to.

    ", + "

    You cannot use HMRC\u2019s online services. Instead, you need to:

    ", + "
  • send your tax return by post
    • ", + "
  • use commercial software
    • ", + "
  • get help from a professional, like an accountant
    • ", + "

    You need to complete the \u2018residence\u2019 section (form SA109 if you\u2019re sending it by post) and the \u2018property\u2019 section (form SA105).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be fined if you miss the deadline - it\u2019s earlier if you\u2019re sending your return by post (31 October).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid too much tax

    ", + "

    You can ask for a refund if both:

    ", + "
  • your rental income is lower than your Personal Allowance
    • ", + "
  • your letting agent (or tenant) already deducted basic rate tax on it
    • ", + "

    Fill in form R43 and send it back to HMRC.

    ", + "

    You cannot ask for a refund if you\u2019re not eligible for a Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Companies and trusts

    ", + "

    A company is a \u2018non-resident landlord\u2019 if it receives income from renting UK property and either:

    ", + "
  • its main office or business premises is outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s incorporated outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Your company will get its rent in full if it\u2019s resident in the UK for tax purposes - this includes UK branches of companies based abroad if they\u2019re registered for Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    A trust is a \u2018non-resident landlord\u2019 if it receives income from renting UK property and all trustees usually live outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply to get your rent in full

    ", + "

    Companies should use form NRL2i to ask HMRC to get rental income in full. Trusts should use form NRL3i.

    ", + "

    Selling or inheriting assets

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a UK resident, you do not usually pay either:

    ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax if you sell most assets in the UK
    • ", + "
  • Inheritance Tax if you inherit assets located in the UK
    • ", + "

    When you might be taxed

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only have to pay Capital Gains Tax if:

    ", + "
  • you make a gain when you sell property or land in the UK
    • ", + "
  • assets you sold were used in a UK branch of a foreign business
    • ", + "
  • you used to be a UK resident and you return to the UK within 5 years of leaving
    • ", + "

    If you inherited the asset

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only have to pay Inheritance Tax if both:

    ", + "
  • you inherited property, money or shares in the UK
    • ", + "
  • the deceased\u2019s estate does not have the money to pay the Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "

    The normal rules for paying Income Tax apply if you get income from something you\u2019ve inherited, for example rental income from a UK property.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a non-resident and you inherit UK property or land you have to pay tax on any gains you make when you sell it. You do not pay tax if you inherit and sell other assets, for example UK shares.

    ", + "

    Personal Allowance

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a Personal Allowance of tax-free UK income each year if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you hold a British passport
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a citizen of a European Economic Area (EEA) country
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve worked for the UK government at any time during that tax year
    • ", + "

    You might also get it if it\u2019s included in the double-taxation agreement between the UK and the country you live in.

    ", + "

    Claim the Personal Allowance

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a UK resident, you have to claim the Personal Allowance at the end of each tax year in which you have UK income. Send form R43 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    If you're taxed twice

    ", + "

    You may be taxed on your UK income by the country where you\u2019re resident and by the UK.

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay twice if the country you\u2019re resident in has a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK. Depending on the agreement, you can apply for either:

    ", + "
  • partial or full relief before you\u2019ve been taxed
    • ", + "
  • a refund after you\u2019ve been taxed
    • ", + "

    Each double-taxation agreement sets out:

    ", + "
  • the country you pay tax in
    • ", + "
  • the country you apply for relief in
    • ", + "
  • how much tax relief you get
    • ", + "

    If the tax rates in the 2 countries are different, you\u2019ll pay the higher rate of tax. The tax year may start on different days in different countries.

    ", + "

    Double taxation agreements do not apply to tax on gains from selling UK residential property.

    ", + "

    What income you can claim for

    ", + "

    You can claim for income including:

    ", + "
  • most pensions - most UK government (such as civil service) pensions are only taxed in the UK
    • ", + "
  • wages and other pay (including self-employment)
    • ", + "
  • bank interest
    • ", + "
  • dividends - special rules apply, which HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) explain in section 10 of \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance Basis\u2019
    • ", + "

    How to claim tax relief

    ", + "

    Check HMRC\u2019s \u2018Double-taxation digest\u2019 for countries that have an agreement with the UK, and how income like pensions and interest is taxed.

    ", + "

    You need to look at the relevant tax treaty for the rules on other types of income like wages and rent.

    ", + "

    Fill in a claim form

    ", + "

    Use the correct form depending on whether you\u2019re resident in:

    ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • France
    • ", + "
  • Germany
    • ", + "
  • Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Japan
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Netherlands
    • ", + "
  • South Africa
    • ", + "
  • Spain
    • ", + "
  • Sweden
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • United States of America
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re resident somewhere else, use HMRC\u2019s standard claim form.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve filled in the form, send it to the tax authority in the country where you\u2019re resident. They\u2019ll confirm your eligibility and either send the form to HMRC or return it to you to send on (use the address on the form).

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different form for individuals and companies claiming a refund on dividends paid by UK Real Estate Investment Trusts.

    ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    For help claiming double-taxation relief, you can:

    ", + "
  • get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser
    • ", + "
  • contact HMRC
    • ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You only pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a gain on UK property or land. You do not pay it on other UK assets, such as UK shares. You will not usually need to make a claim for assets you do not pay tax on - but you should check the relevant double taxation agreement.

    ", + "

    If you return to the UK after being non-resident, you may have to pay tax on any assets you owned before you left the UK - even if you\u2019ve paid tax on any gains in the country you moved to. You can usually claim double-taxation relief.

    ", + "

    Dual residents

    ", + "

    You can be resident in both the UK and another country (\u2018dual resident\u2019). You\u2019ll need to check the other country\u2019s residence rules and when the tax year starts and ends.

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance for how to claim double-taxation relief if you\u2019re a dual resident.

    ", + "

    If you're a UK resident

    ", + "

    You can live abroad and still be a UK resident for tax, for example if you visit the UK for more than 183 days in a tax year.

    ", + "

    Pay tax on your income and profits from selling assets (such as shares) in the normal way.

    ", + "

    You usually have to pay tax on your income from outside the UK as well.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax on your private pension contributions", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-your-private-pension", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your private pension contributions are tax-free up to certain limits.

    ", + "

    This applies to most private pension schemes, for example:

    ", + "
  • workplace pensions
    • ", + "
  • personal and stakeholder pensions
    • ", + "
  • overseas pension schemes that qualify for UK tax relief - ask your provider if it\u2019s a \u2018qualifying overseas pension scheme\u2019
    • ", + "

    Pension schemes must be registered with HMRC to qualify for tax relief. Check with your pension provider if you\u2019re unsure if your scheme is registered or not.

    ", + "

    You pay tax when you take money out of a pension.

    ", + "

    Limits to your tax-free contributions

    ", + "

    You usually pay tax if savings in your pension pots go above:

    ", + "
  • 100% of your earnings in a year - this is the limit on tax relief you get
    • ", + "
  • \u00a340,000 a year - check your \u2018annual allowance\u2019
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,073,100 in your lifetime - this is the lifetime allowance
    • ", + "

    You also pay tax on contributions if your pension provider:

    ", + "
  • is not registered for tax relief with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • does not invest your pension pot according to HMRC\u2019s rules
    • ", + "

    Tax relief

    ", + "

    You can get tax relief on private pension contributions worth up to 100% of your annual earnings.

    ", + "

    You get the tax relief automatically if your:

    ", + "
  • employer takes workplace pension contributions out of your pay before deducting Income Tax
    • ", + "
  • rate of Income Tax is 20% - your pension provider will claim it as tax relief and add it to your pension pot (\u2018relief at source\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If your rate of Income Tax in Scotland is 19% your pension provider will claim tax relief for you at a rate of 20%. You do not need to pay the difference.

    ", + "

    UK tax relief is also available on contributions made to certain types of overseas pension schemes.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to you to make sure you\u2019re not getting tax relief on pension contributions worth more than 100% of your annual earnings. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay back anything over this limit.

    ", + "

    Relief at source

    ", + "

    You get relief at source in all personal and stakeholder pensions, and some workplace pensions.

    ", + "

    To get relief at source

    ", + "

    Before paying into a scheme, you need to agree to certain conditions about your contributions (\u2018make declarations\u2019). Your pension provider will tell you what these are.

    ", + "

    You also need to give your pension provider your:

    ", + "
  • full name and address
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • employment status - or tell them if you\u2019re retired, a full time student, a carer or aged under 16
    • ", + "

    Your employer may do this for you if you\u2019re automatically enrolled in their pension scheme.

    ", + "

    Your pension provider will let you know if this is the case and ask you to confirm your details are correct. You must do this within 30 days.

    ", + "

    When you have to claim tax relief

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief on pension contributions if:

    ", + "
  • you pay Income Tax at a rate above 20% and your pension provider claims the first 20% for you (relief at source)
    • ", + "
  • your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief
    • ", + "
  • someone else pays into your pension
    • ", + "

    Claim tax relief in England, Wales or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:

    ", + "
  • 20% up to the amount of any income you have paid 40% tax on
    • ", + "
  • 25% up to the amount of any income you have paid 45% tax on
    • ", + "

    You can also call or write to HMRC to claim if you pay Income Tax at 40%.

    ", + "

    Claim tax relief in Scotland

    ", + "

    You can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:

    ", + "
  • 1% up to the amount of any income you have paid 21% tax on
    • ", + "
  • 21% up to the amount of any income you have paid 41% tax on
    • ", + "
  • 26% up to the amount of any income you have paid 46% tax on
    • ", + "

    You can call or write to HMRC to claim if you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    If your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief

    ", + "

    Claim tax relief in your Self Assessment tax return if your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief.

    ", + "

    Call or write to HMRC if you do not fill in a tax return.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim tax relief if your pension scheme is not registered with HMRC.

    ", + "

    If someone else pays into your pension

    ", + "

    When someone else (for example your partner) pays into your pension, you automatically get tax relief at 20% if your pension provider claims it for you (relief at source).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a workplace pension that allows other people to contribute you may need to claim the tax relief on those contributions - call or write to HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay Income Tax

    ", + "

    You still automatically get tax relief at 20% on the first \u00a32,880 you pay into a pension each tax year (6 April to 5 April) if both of the following apply to you:

    ", + "
  • you do not pay Income Tax, for example because you\u2019re on a low income
    • ", + "
  • your pension provider claims tax relief for you at a rate of 20% (relief at source)
    • ", + "

    Life insurance policies

    ", + "

    You cannot get tax relief if you use your pension contributions to pay a personal term assurance policy, unless it\u2019s a protected policy.

    ", + "

    Personal term assurance is a life insurance policy that either:

    ", + "
  • ends when the first insured person dies
    • ", + "
  • insures people who are all from the same family
    • ", + "

    Annual allowance

    ", + "

    Your annual allowance is the most you can save in your pension pots in a tax year (6 April to 5 April) before you have to pay tax.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only pay tax if you go above the annual allowance. This is \u00a340,000 this tax year.

    ", + "

    What counts towards the annual allowance

    ", + "

    Your annual allowance applies to all of your private pensions, if you have more than one. This includes:

    ", + "
  • the total amount paid in to a defined contribution scheme in a tax year by you or anyone else (for example, your employer)
    • ", + "
  • any increase in a defined benefit scheme in a tax year
    • ", + "

    If you use all of your annual allowance for the current tax year

    ", + "

    You might be able to carry over any annual allowance you did not use from the previous 3 tax years.

    ", + "

    When your annual allowance is lower than \u00a340,000

    ", + "

    Your annual allowance might be lower if you have:

    ", + "
  • flexibly accessed your pension pot
    • ", + "
  • a high income
    • ", + "

    If you flexibly access your pension

    ", + "

    Your annual allowance might be lower if you flexibly access your pension. For example, this could include taking:

    ", + "
  • cash or a short-term annuity from a flexi-access drawdown fund
    • ", + "
  • cash from a pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019)
    • ", + "

    The lower allowance is called the \u2018money purchase annual allowance\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you have a high income

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have a reduced (\u2018tapered\u2019) annual allowance in the current tax year if both:

    ", + "
  • your \u2018threshold income\u2019 is over \u00a3200,000
    • ", + "
  • your \u2018adjusted income\u2019 is over \u00a3240,000
    • ", + "

    The threshold income and adjusted income limits are different for earlier tax years.

    ", + "

    Work out your reduced annual allowance.

    ", + "

    If you go above the annual allowance

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you if you go above the annual allowance in their scheme. If you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, ask each pension provider for statements.

    ", + "

    You can also use a calculator to work out how much you\u2019ve gone above the allowance.

    ", + "

    If you go over your annual allowance, either you or your pension provider must pay the tax.

    ", + "

    Fill in the \u2018Pension savings tax charges\u2019 section of a Self Assessment tax return to tell HMRC about the tax, even if your pension provider pays all or part of it. You\u2019ll need form SA101 if you\u2019re using a paper form.

    ", + "

    You can still claim tax relief for pension contributions on your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re above the annual allowance.

    ", + "

    HMRC does not tax anyone for going over their annual allowance in a tax year if they:

    ", + "
  • retired and took all their pension pots because of serious ill health
    • ", + "
  • died
    • ", + "

    Lifetime allowance

    ", + "

    You usually pay tax if your pension pots are worth more than the lifetime allowance. This is currently \u00a31,073,100.

    ", + "

    You might be able to protect your pension pot from reductions to the lifetime allowance.

    ", + "

    Check how much lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used

    ", + "

    Ask your pension provider how much of your lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, you must add up what you\u2019ve used in all pension schemes you belong to.

    ", + "

    What counts towards your allowance depends on the type of pension pot you get.

    ", + "Type of pension pot | What counts towards your lifetime allowance", + "Defined contribution - personal, stakeholder and most workplace schemes | Money in pension pots that goes towards paying you, however you decide to take the money", + "Defined benefit - some workplace schemes | Usually 20 times the pension you get in the first year plus your lump sum - check with your pension provider", + "

    Your pension provider may ask for information about other pension schemes you\u2019re in so they can check if you\u2019re above your lifetime allowance when you:

    ", + "
  • decide to take money from a pension pot
    • ", + "
  • turn 75
    • ", + "
  • transfer your pension overseas
    • ", + "

    Pay tax if you go above your lifetime allowance

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you how much tax you owe if you go above your lifetime allowance. Your pension provider will deduct the tax before you start getting your pension.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to report the tax deducted by filling in a Self Assessment tax return - download and fill in form SA101 if you\u2019re using paper forms. You\u2019ll get information from your pension provider to help you do this.

    ", + "

    If you die before taking your pension HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will bill the person who inherits your pension for the tax.

    ", + "

    Rates

    ", + "

    The rate of tax you pay on pension savings above your lifetime allowance depends on how the money is paid to you - the rate is:

    ", + "
  • 55% if you get it as a lump sum
    • ", + "
  • 25% if you get it any other way, for example pension payments or cash withdrawals
    • ", + "

    Protect your lifetime allowance

    ", + "

    The lifetime allowance was reduced in April 2016. You can apply to protect your lifetime allowance from this reduction.

    ", + "

    Tell your pension provider the type of protection and the protection reference number when you decide to take money from your pension pot.

    ", + "

    Withdrawing cash from a pension pot

    ", + "

    You cannot withdraw cash from a defined contribution pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019) if you have:

    ", + "
  • primary or enhanced protection covering a lump sum worth more than \u00a3375,000
    • ", + "
  • \u2018lifetime allowance enhancement factor\u2019 if your unused lifetime allowance is less than 25% of the cash you want to withdraw
    • ", + "

    Reporting changes to HMRC

    ", + "

    You can lose enhanced protection or any type of fixed protection if:

    ", + "
  • you make new savings in a pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • you are enrolled in a new workplace pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • you transfer money between pension schemes in a way that does not meet the transfer rules
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got enhanced protection and, when you take your pension benefits, their value has increased more than the amount allowed in the enhanced protection tax rules - this is called \u2018relevant benefit accrual\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got fixed protection and the value of your pension pot in any tax year grows at a higher rate than is allowed by the tax rules - this is called \u2018benefit accrual\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can report changes online or by post.

    ", + "

    Ask your employer whether they\u2019re likely to enrol you in a workplace pension. To make sure you do not lose protection, you can either:

    ", + "
  • opt out of most schemes within a month
    • ", + "
  • ask not to be enrolled in some schemes - your employer may need evidence of your lifetime allowance protection
    • ", + "

    Tell HMRC in writing if you think you might have lost your protection.

    ", + "

    If you have the right to take your pension before 50

    ", + "

    You may have a reduced lifetime allowance if you have the right to take your pension before you\u2019re 50 under a pension scheme you joined before 2006.

    ", + "

    This only applies to people in certain jobs (for example professional sports, dance and modelling) who start taking their pension before they\u2019re 55.

    ", + "

    Your lifetime allowance is not reduced if you\u2019re in a pension scheme for uniformed services, for example the armed forces, police and fire services.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax overpayments and underpayments", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-overpayments-and-underpayments", + "contents": [ + "

    Your tax calculation

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed or get a pension, your employer or pension provider uses your tax code to work out how much tax to take from you.

    ", + "

    You could still be paying too much or too little tax. For example, if you got a company benefit or pay rise that HMRC did not know about, and so they did not update your tax code.

    ", + "

    If you have not paid the right amount at the end of the tax year, HMRC will send you a P800 or a Simple Assessment tax calculation.

    ", + "

    Your P800 or Simple Assessment will tell you how to get a refund or pay tax you owe.

    ", + "

    You will not get a P800 or Simple Assessment if you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment. Your bill will be adjusted automatically if you\u2019ve underpaid or overpaid tax.

    ", + "

    When you might get a P800

    ", + "

    You might get a P800 if you:

    ", + "
  • finished one job, started a new one and were paid by both in the same month
    • ", + "
  • started receiving a pension at work
    • ", + "
  • received Employment and Support Allowance or Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    P800s are sent out after the tax year ends on 5 April. You\u2019ll normally get yours by the end of November.

    ", + "

    When you might get a Simple Assessment letter

    ", + "

    You might get a Simple Assessment letter if you:

    ", + "
  • owe tax that cannot be automatically taken out of your income
    • ", + "
  • owe HMRC more than \u00a33,000
    • ", + "
  • have to pay tax on the State Pension
    • ", + "

    You can pay your Simple Assessment bill online.

    ", + "

    Checking your tax calculation

    ", + "

    Your letter will show the income you should have paid tax on. This includes any income from pay, pensions, state benefits, savings interest and employee benefits.

    ", + "

    Compare the figures with your records, for example your P60, bank statements or letters from the Department for Work and Pensions. If your state benefit was paid every 4 weeks, work out the total paid in a year by multiplying your regular payment by 13 (not 12).

    ", + "

    You may be able to use the HMRC tax checker to work out how much tax you should have paid.

    ", + "

    If you think your tax calculation is wrong

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you think the amounts used in your letter are wrong, or HMRC did not act on information you gave them.

    ", + "

    You have 60 days to query your simple assessment in writing or by telephone. The details of how to do that will be mentioned in your Simple Assesment letter.

    ", + "

    If your P800 says you're due a refund

    ", + "

    Your P800 tax calculation will tell you how you can get your refund.

    ", + "

    If your P800 says you can claim online

    ", + "

    Your P800 will tell you if you can claim your refund online. You\u2019ll be sent the money within 5 working days - it\u2019ll be in your UK account once your bank has processed the payment.

    ", + "

    If you do not claim within 21 days, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a cheque. You\u2019ll get this within 6 weeks of the date on your P800.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you cannot claim your refund online.

    ", + "

    If your P800 says you\u2019ll get a cheque

    ", + "

    Your P800 will tell you if HMRC will send you a cheque. You do not need to make a claim.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your cheque within 14 days of the date on your P800. If you\u2019re owed tax from more than one year, you\u2019ll get a single cheque for the entire amount.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a P800

    ", + "

    You can check how much Income Tax you should have paid.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you think you\u2019ve paid too much tax. If they agree, they\u2019ll send you a P800.

    ", + "

    If your P800 says you owe tax

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will usually collect the tax you owe in instalments over the next year. This will happen automatically if you:

    ", + "
  • pay Income Tax through an employer or pension provider
    • ", + "
  • earn enough income over your Personal Allowance to cover the underpayment
    • ", + "
  • owe less than \u00a33,000
    • ", + "

    HMRC will write to you about how you can pay if they cannot collect the money this way.

    ", + "

    Other ways to pay

    ", + "

    Online

    ", + "

    Your P800 will tell you if you can pay the tax you owe online.

    ", + "

    By post

    ", + "

    You can pay with a cheque, made payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your National Insurance Number on the back of the cheque. Send it with a covering letter including:

    ", + "
  • your full name and address
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • the amount of the payment
    • ", + "
  • what the payment relates to, for example, PAYE
    • ", + "
  • the year the payment is for
    • ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC. Send your cheque to:

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax when you get a pension", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-pension", + "contents": [ + "

    What\u2019s taxed

    ", + "

    You pay tax if your total annual income adds up to more than your Personal Allowance. Find out about your Personal Allowance and Income Tax rates.

    ", + "

    Your total income could include:

    ", + "
  • the State Pension you get (either the basic State Pension or the new State Pension)
    • ", + "
  • Additional State Pension
    • ", + "
  • a private pension (workplace or personal) - you can take some of this tax-free
    • ", + "
  • earnings from employment or self-employment
    • ", + "
  • any taxable benefits you get
    • ", + "
  • any other income, such as money from investments, property or savings
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from a private pension. You may also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    If your private pensions total more than \u00a31,073,100

    ", + "

    You usually pay a tax charge if the total value of your private pensions is more than \u00a31,073,100. Your pension provider will take off the charge before you get your payment.

    ", + "

    Tax if someone inherits your pension

    ", + "

    Other rules apply if someone inherits your State pension or your private pension.

    ", + "

    What's tax-free

    ", + "

    You won\u2019t usually pay any tax if your total annual income adds up to less than your Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Lump sums from your pension

    ", + "

    You can usually take up to 25% of the amount built up in any pension as a tax-free lump sum. The tax-free lump sum doesn\u2019t affect your Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Tax is taken off the remaining amount before you get it.

    ", + "

    When you can take your pension depends on your pension\u2019s rules. It\u2019s usually 55 at the earliest.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from your pension. You could also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    How you can take your pension

    ", + "

    A pension worth up to \u00a310,000

    ", + "

    You can usually take any pension worth up to \u00a310,000 in one go. This is called a \u2018small pot\u2019 lump sum. If you take this option, 25% is tax-free.

    ", + "

    You can usually get:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 small pot lump sums from different personal pensions
    • ", + "
  • unlimited small pot lump sums from different workplace pensions
    • ", + "

    A pension worth up to \u00a330,000 that includes a defined benefit pension

    ", + "

    If you have \u00a330,000 or less in all of your private pensions, you can usually take everything you have in your defined benefit pension or defined contribution pension as a \u2018trivial commutation\u2019 lump sum. If you take this option, 25% is tax-free.

    ", + "

    If this lump sum is paid from more than one pension, you must:

    ", + "
  • have your savings in each scheme valued by the provider on the same day, no more than 3 months before you get the first payment
    • ", + "
  • get all payments within 12 months of the first payment
    • ", + "

    If you take payments from a pension before taking the rest as a lump sum, you pay tax on the whole lump sum.

    ", + "

    Cash from a defined contribution pension

    ", + "

    Check with your provider about how you can take money from a defined contribution pension. You can take:

    ", + "
  • all the money built up in your pension as cash - up to 25% is tax-free
    • ", + "
  • smaller cash sums from your pension - up to 25% of each sum is tax-free
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay a tax charge on money you put into your pension after you withdraw cash.

    ", + "

    If your life expectancy is less than a year

    ", + "

    You may be able to take all the money in your pension as a tax-free lump sum, if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 75
    • ", + "
  • you don\u2019t have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 75 you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the lump sum.

    ", + "

    Check with your pension provider. Some pension funds will keep at least 50% of your pension for your spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    How your tax is paid

    ", + "

    If you get the State Pension and a private pension

    ", + "

    Your pension provider will take off any tax you owe before they pay you. They\u2019ll also take off any tax you owe on your State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you get payments from more than one provider (for example, from a workplace pension and a personal pension), HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask one of your providers to take the tax off your State Pension.

    ", + "

    At the end of the tax year you\u2019ll get a P60 from your pension provider showing how much tax you\u2019ve paid.

    ", + "

    If the State Pension is your only income

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for paying any tax you owe. Fill in and send a Self Assessment tax return if you owe anything.

    ", + "

    If you started getting your pension on or after 6 April 2016, don\u2019t send a tax return. HMRC will write to tell you what you owe and how to pay.

    ", + "

    If you continue to work

    ", + "

    Your employer will take any tax due off your earnings and your State Pension. This is called Pay As You Earn (PAYE).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed you must fill in a Self Assessment tax return at the end of the tax year. You must declare your overall income, including the State Pension and money from private pensions, for example your workplace pension.

    ", + "

    If you have other income

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for paying any tax you owe on income other than money from your pensions. You might have to fill in a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    You can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much tax.

    ", + "

    Tax codes

    ", + "

    If your income only comes from one source you\u2019ll usually have one tax code.

    ", + "

    You can have several tax codes if you have income from more than one source.

    ", + "

    You can get your tax code corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    Tax when you live abroad

    ", + "

    If you live abroad but are classed as a UK resident for tax purposes, you may have to pay UK tax on your pension. The amount you pay depends on your income.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a UK resident, you don\u2019t usually pay UK tax on your pension. But you might have to pay tax in the country you live in. There are a few exceptions - for example, UK civil service pensions will always be taxed in the UK.

    ", + "

    Double tax

    ", + "

    If you live in a country without a \u2018double taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK, you might have to pay tax in both countries.

    ", + "

    Higher tax on unauthorised payments

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay up to 55% tax on payments from your pension provider if they make an \u2018unauthorised payment\u2019. This is a payment made outside of the government\u2019s tax rules and usually includes:

    ", + "
  • any payments before you\u2019re 55 (there are exceptions)
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018trivial commutation\u2019 lump sum of over \u00a330,000
    • ", + "
  • regular payments into your account after you\u2019ve died
    • ", + "

    Some companies advertise personal loans or cash advances if you take your pension early. These payments are unauthorised and you have to pay tax on them.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "National Insurance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits and the State Pension.

    ", + "

    You pay mandatory National Insurance if you\u2019re 16 or over and are either:

    ", + "
  • an employee earning above \u00a3184 a week
    • ", + "
  • self-employed and making a profit of \u00a36,515 or more a year
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay voluntary contributions to avoid gaps in your NI contributions.

    ", + "

    You need a National Insurance number before you can start paying National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    If you earn between \u00a3120 and \u00a3184 a week, your contributions are treated as having been paid to protect your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    This page is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    National Insurance classes

    ", + "

    There are different types of National Insurance (known as \u2018classes\u2019).

    ", + "

    The type you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.

    ", + "

    When you stop paying

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed, you stop paying Class 1 National Insurance when you reach the State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed you stop paying:

    ", + "
  • Class 2 National Insurance when you reach State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • Class 4 National Insurance from 6 April (start of the tax year) after you reach State Pension age
    • ", + "

    Your National Insurance number

    ", + "

    You have a National Insurance number to make sure your National Insurance contributions and tax are recorded against your name only.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s made up of letters and numbers and never changes.

    ", + "

    You can find your National Insurance number:

    ", + "
  • on your payslip
    • ", + "
  • on your P60
    • ", + "
  • on letters about your tax, pension or benefits
    • ", + "
  • in the National Insurance section of your personal tax account
    • ", + "

    You can apply for a National Insurance number if you do not have one or find your National Insurance number if you\u2019ve lost it.

    ", + "

    Who uses your National Insurance number

    ", + "

    These organisations need to know what your number is:

    ", + "
  • HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • your employer
    • ", + "
  • the Department for Work and Pensions (which includes Jobcentre Plus and the Pension, Disability and Carers Service), if you claim state benefits, or in Northern Ireland the Department for Social Development
    • ", + "
  • your local council, if you claim Housing Benefit, or the Northern Ireland Housing Executive
    • ", + "
  • Electoral Registration Officers (to check your identity when you register to vote)
    • ", + "
  • the Student Loan Company, if you apply for a student loan
    • ", + "
  • your pension provider if you have a personal or stakeholder pension
    • ", + "
  • your Individual Savings Account (ISA) provider, if you open an ISA
    • ", + "
  • authorised financial service providers who help you buy and sell investments like shares, bonds and derivatives - you can check if your provider is authorised
    • ", + "

    To prevent identity fraud, keep your National Insurance number safe. Do not share it with anyone who does not need it.

    ", + "

    Proving your National Insurance number

    ", + "

    You can save or print a letter confirming your National Insurance number from your personal tax account.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a personal tax account, contact HMRC to ask for a letter.

    ", + "

    National Insurance classes

    ", + "

    The class you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.

    ", + "National Insurance class | Who pays", + "Class 1 | Employees earning more than \u00a3184 a week and under State Pension age - they\u2019re automatically deducted by your employer", + "Class 1A or 1B | Employers pay these directly on their employee\u2019s expenses or benefits", + "Class 2 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a36,515 or more a year. If you\u2019re earning less than this, you can choose to pay voluntary contributions to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record", + "Class 3 | Voluntary contributions - you can pay them to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record", + "Class 4 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a39,569 or more a year", + "

    See the current rates for Class 1, 2 and 4 contributions.

    ", + "

    How much you pay

    ", + "

    The amount of National Insurance you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.

    ", + "

    You can see rates for past tax years.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed

    ", + "

    You pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions. The rates for most people for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:

    ", + "Your pay | Class 1 National Insurance rate", + "\u00a3184 to \u00a3967 a week (\u00a3797 to \u00a34,189 a month) | 12%", + "Over \u00a3967 a week (\u00a34,189 a month) | 2%", + "

    You\u2019ll pay less if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a married woman or widow with a valid \u2018certificate of election\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re deferring National Insurance because you\u2019ve got more than one job
    • ", + "

    Employers pay a different rate of National Insurance depending on their employees\u2019 category letters.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You pay National Insurance with your tax. Your employer will take it from your wages before you get paid. Your payslip will show your contributions.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a director of a limited company, you may also be your own employee and pay Class 1 National Insurance through your PAYE payroll.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    You pay Class 2 and Class 4 National Insurance, depending on your profits. Most people pay both through Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay voluntary contributions to avoid gaps in your national insurance record if you:

    ", + "
  • have profits of less than \u00a36,515 a year from your self-employment
    • ", + "
  • have a specific job (such as an examiner or business owner in property or land) and you do not pay Class 2 National Insurance through Self Assessment
    • ", + "

    If you have a specific job and you do not pay Class 2 National Insurance through Self Assessment, you need to contact HMRC to arrange a voluntary payment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed and self-employed

    ", + "

    You might be an employee but also do self-employed work. In this case your employer will deduct your Class 1 National Insurance from your wages, and you may have to pay Class 2 and 4 National Insurance for your self-employed work.

    ", + "

    How much you pay depends on your combined wages and your self-employed work. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will let you know how much National Insurance is due after you\u2019ve filed your Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    Directors, landlords and share fishermen

    ", + "

    There are different National Insurance rules for:

    ", + "
  • company directors
    • ", + "
  • landlords running a property business
    • ", + "
  • share fishermen for example you\u2019re working on a British fishing boat but not under a contract of service
    • ", + "

    You can apply to HMRC to check your National Insurance record and claim a refund if you think you\u2019ve overpaid.

    ", + "

    What National Insurance is for

    ", + "

    National Insurance contributions count towards the benefits and pensions in the table.

    ", + " | Class 1: employees | Class 2: self-employed | Class 3: voluntary contributions", + "Basic State Pension | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Additional State Pension | Yes | No | No", + "New State Pension | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Contribution-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance | Yes | No | No", + "Contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance | Yes | Yes | No", + "Maternity Allowance | Yes | Yes | No", + "Bereavement Support Payment | Yes | Yes | No", + "

    Class 4 contributions paid by self-employed people with a profit of \u00a39,569 or more do not usually count towards state benefits.

    ", + "

    Help if you're not working

    ", + "

    Your benefits could be affected if there are gaps in your National Insurance record. National Insurance credits can help to avoid gaps in your record and protect your benefits.

    ", + "

    You can get credits if you cannot pay National Insurance contributions, for example, if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re unable to work due to illness
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re caring for someone
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not working or getting credits you can also top up your National Insurance with voluntary contributions.

    ", + "

    Change of circumstance

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:

    ", + "
  • change your personal details, for example your name, address or marital status
    • ", + "
  • start being self-employed
    • ", + "
  • stop being self-employed
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pay Class 2 National Insurance if you do not pay through Self Assessment", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-2-national-insurance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You make Class 2 National Insurance contributions if you\u2019re self-employed to qualify for benefits like the State Pension.

    ", + "

    Most people pay the contributions as part of their Self Assessment tax bill.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you do not pay through Self Assessment

    ", + "

    You do not pay through Self Assessment if you\u2019re any of the following:

    ", + "
  • an examiner, moderator, invigilator or person who set exam questions
    • ", + "
  • running a businesses involving land or property
    • ", + "
  • a minister of religion who does not receive a salary or stipend
    • ", + "
  • living abroad and paying voluntary Class 2 contributions
    • ", + "
  • a person who makes investments - but not as a business and without getting a fee or commission
    • ", + "
  • a non-UK resident who\u2019s self-employed in the UK
    • ", + "
  • working abroad
    • ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a payment request by the end of October - call the newly self-employed helpline if you do not get one.

    ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Make sure your payment reaches HMRC by the deadline. The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can make same or next day payments:

    ", + "
  • by online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • by CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open
    • ", + "

    You can pay within 3 days by BACS.

    ", + "

    You can pay within 21 working days by Direct Debit if you have not set one up before.

    ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    If you miss the deadline

    ", + "

    You might have to pay more to fill the gap in your National Insurance record. HMRC will write to you to tell you how much you need to pay.

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    Paying from the UK

    ", + "

    Use your online or telephone banking account to make your payment to the following HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 20 | 12001004 | HMRC NICO", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    Use the 18-digit reference number shown on your HMRC payment request, when you make a payment. Do not leave any spaces between the digits.

    ", + "

    If you do not have an 18-digit reference number you can get help from the National Insurance Helpline.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying from abroad, the account you pay into depends on whether you\u2019re using a UK or non-UK account.

    ", + "Account type | Sort code | Account number", + "UK | 20 20 48 | 30944793", + "Account type | Account number (IBAN) | Bank Identifier Code (BIC)", + "Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22", + "

    For either account, pay to account name \u2018HMRC NIC receipts\u2019.

    ", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    Use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019, your surname then your initial. If your bank limits you to a certain amount of characters, you should use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019 and as much of your surname as possible.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employer paying for an employee living abroad, you should use your 13-character employer number.

    ", + "

    Banking address

    ", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    Pay at a branch by cash or cheque, along with your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) payslip.

    ", + "

    Some branches might be closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find your payslip on the payment request HMRC sent you.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your Class 2 National Insurance reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip or the payment request sent to you by HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you pay between Monday and Friday, HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can still make payments:

    ", + "
  • by online or telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • by CHAPS or BACS
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020

    ", + "

    Call HMRC if you want to check your payment has been received.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Fill in the form to set up a new Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    If you live abroad and pay voluntary National Insurance, fill in the form at the end of leaflet NI38 instead.

    ", + "

    Allow 21 days to set up a new Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a letter telling you when payments will be taken and how much they will be.

    ", + "

    Payments will appear on your statement as \u2018HMRC NI-DD\u2019. HMRC will write to you if your payments change for any reason.

    ", + "

    If you have a question about your Direct Debit payments contact National Insurance enquiries.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pay voluntary Class 3 National Insurance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-voluntary-class-3-national-insurance", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay Class 3 voluntary National Insurance to fill gaps in your contributions record to qualify for benefits like the State Pension.

    ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    Before you pay

    ", + "

    Check your National Insurance record to find out:

    ", + "
  • if you have any gaps
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re eligible to pay voluntary contributions
    • ", + "
  • how much it will cost
    • ", + "

    Voluntary contributions do not always increase your State Pension. Contact the Future Pension Centre to find out if you\u2019ll benefit from voluntary contributions.

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    You can pay monthly via Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you want to:

    ", + "
  • pay quarterly - they\u2019ll send you a bill every July, October, January and April
    • ", + "
  • make a one-off payment
    • ", + "

    Make sure you pay HMRC by the deadline you\u2019re given. The amount of time you\u2019ll need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    Same or next day

    ", + "

    You can make same or next day payments:

    ", + "
  • by online or telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • by CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "

    You can pay within 3 days by BACS.

    ", + "

    You currently cannot pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    To set up monthly payments, download and send the Direct Debit form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    HMRC will write within 21 days to confirm your Direct Debit is set up.

    ", + "

    Payments appear on your statement as \u2018HMRC NI-DD\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your debits usually start in May. If you\u2019re setting up the Direct Debit after May and you need to pay arrears, you can do this through your first payment.

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    Make your payment to the following HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account, unless you\u2019re paying from overseas.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 20 | 12001004 | HMRC NICO Telephone banking", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    Use your reference number when making your payment. You\u2019ll find it on your bill.

    ", + "

    For quarterly payments, your number will be 18 characters beginning with 11.

    ", + "

    For one-off payments, your number will be 18 characters beginning with 60.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you do not have a reference number.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying from abroad, the account you pay into depends on whether you\u2019re using a UK or non-UK account.

    ", + "Account type | Sort code | Account number", + "UK | 20 20 48 | 30944793", + "Account type | Account number (IBAN) | Bank Identifier Code (BIC)", + "Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22", + "

    For either account, pay to account name \u2018HMRC NIC receipts\u2019.

    ", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    Use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019, your surname then your initial. If your bank limits you to a certain amount of characters, you should use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019 and as much of your surname as possible.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employer paying for an employee living abroad, you should use your 13-character employer number.

    ", + "

    Banking address

    ", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    Pay at a branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need the payslip HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent with your bill.

    ", + "

    Some branches might be closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your Class 3 National Insurance reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip provided by HMRC.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account, if you pay between Monday and Friday.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can still make payments:

    ", + "
  • by online or telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • by CHAPS or BACS
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020

    ", + "

    Call HMRC if you want to check your payment has been received.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Voluntary National Insurance", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/voluntary-national-insurance-contributions", + "contents": [ + "

    Gaps in your National Insurance record

    ", + "

    You may get gaps in your record if you do not pay National Insurance or do not get National Insurance credits. This could be because you were:

    ", + "
  • employed but had low earnings
    • ", + "
  • unemployed and were not claiming benefits
    • ", + "
  • self-employed but did not pay contributions because of small profits
    • ", + "
  • living abroad
    • ", + "

    Gaps can mean you will not have enough years of National Insurance contributions to get the full State Pension (sometimes called \u2018qualifying years\u2019).

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay voluntary contributions to fill any gaps if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Check your record for gaps

    ", + "

    Check your National Insurance record to find out:

    ", + "
  • if you have any gaps
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re eligible to pay voluntary contributions
    • ", + "
  • how much it will cost
    • ", + "

    You may also be eligible for National Insurance credits if you claim benefits because you cannot work, are unemployed or caring for someone full time.

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think your National Insurance record is wrong.

    ", + "

    Decide if you want to pay voluntary contributions

    ", + "

    Voluntary contributions do not always increase your State Pension. Contact the Future Pension Centre to find out if you\u2019ll benefit from voluntary contributions.

    ", + "

    You may also want to get financial advice before you decide to make voluntary contributions.

    ", + "

    Why you might want to pay voluntary contributions

    ", + "

    You may want to pay voluntary contributions because:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re close to State Pension age and do not have enough qualifying years to get the full State Pension
    • ", + "
  • you know you will not be able to get the qualifying years you need to get the full State Pension during your working life
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-employed and do not have to pay Class 2 contributions because you have low profits
    • ", + "
  • you live outside the UK, but you want to qualify for some benefits
    • ", + "

    Self-employed people with specific jobs

    ", + "

    Some people do not pay Class 2 contributions through Self Assessment, but may want to pay voluntary contributions. These are:

    ", + "
  • examiners, moderators, invigilators and people who set exam questions
    • ", + "
  • people who run businesses involving land or property
    • ", + "
  • ministers of religion who do not receive a salary or stipend
    • ", + "
  • people who make investments for themselves or others - but not as a business and without getting a fee or commission
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must be eligible to pay voluntary National Insurance contributions for the time that the contributions cover.

    ", + "

    You can usually only pay for gaps in your National Insurance record from the past 6 years.

    ", + "

    You can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago depending on your age.

    ", + "

    Who can pay voluntary contributions

    ", + "

    These tables explain who\u2019s eligible to pay Class 2 or Class 3 contributions.

    ", + "Your situation | Which class to pay", + "Employed but earning under \u00a3120 a week and not eligible for National Insurance credits | Class 3", + "Self-employed with profits under \u00a36,515 | Class 2 or Class 3 - they count towards different benefits", + "Both employed and self-employed, with low earnings and small profits | Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to check if you have a gap and how much you need to pay", + "Self-employed as an examiner, minister of religion or in an investment or land and property business | Class 2 or Class 3 - they count towards different benefits", + "Living and working abroad | Class 2 - but only if you worked in the UK immediately before leaving, and you\u2019ve previously lived in the UK for at least 3 years in a row or paid at least 3 years of contributions", + "Living abroad but not working | Class 3 - but only if at some point you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years in a row or paid at least 3 years of contributions", + "Unemployed and not claiming benefits | Class 3", + "Married woman or widow who stopped paying reduced rates | Class 3", + "

    You cannot pay voluntary contributions if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re eligible for National Insurance credits
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a married woman or widow paying reduced rates
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re over State Pension age

    ", + "Your situation | Which class to pay", + "You\u2019ve reached State Pension age and want to fill in gaps in your National Insurance record | Class 3", + "

    Rates

    ", + "

    The rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33.05 a week for Class 2
    • ", + "
  • \u00a315.40 a week for Class 3
    • ", + "

    You usually pay the current rate when you make a voluntary contribution.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a man born after 5 April 1951 or a woman born after 5 April 1953

    ", + "

    You can pay voluntary contributions by 5 April 2023 to make up for gaps between 6 April 2006 and 5 April 2016.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay the current rate.

    ", + "

    When you pay different rates

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying Class 2 contributions for the previous tax year or Class 3 contributions for the previous 2 tax years, you pay the original rate for those tax years.

    ", + "

    Call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have questions about voluntary National Insurance.

    ", + "

    How and when to pay

    ", + "

    Find out how to:

    ", + "
  • pay Class 2 voluntary contributions
    • ", + "
  • pay Class 3 voluntary contributions
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re living abroad, read leaflet NI38 and fill in form CF83 (found at the end). Send it back to HMRC using the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    You can usually pay voluntary contributions for the past 6 years. The deadline is 5 April each year.

    ", + "

    You can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago, depending on your age.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a man born after 5 April 1951 or a woman born after 5 April 1953

    ", + "

    You have until 5 April 2023 to pay voluntary contributions to make up for gaps between April 2006 and April 2016.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Work in an EU country", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-abroad", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a work permit to work in most EU countries if you\u2019re a UK citizen.

    ", + "

    In most cases, you\u2019ll need a job offer from your chosen country so that you can get a visa to move there.

    ", + "

    Check with the UK-based embassy of the country you want to work in to see what you need to do.

    ", + "

    If you want to work in an EU country, check the country\u2019s living in guide for updates.

    ", + "

    If you moved to the EU before 1 January 2021

    ", + "

    If you were legally living in an EU country before 1 January 2021, your right to work will be protected as long as you carry on living there. This is because you are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also protected by the Withdrawal Agreement if you started working in one EU country and living in a different EU country or the UK, before 1 January 2021.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have the same rights as nationals of the country you\u2019re working in when it comes to working conditions, pay and social security (for example, benefits).

    ", + "

    Healthcare and insurance

    ", + "

    You can use a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) or UK Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC) if you\u2019re working in an EU country for up to 3 months. Your EHIC or GHIC gives you access to free or cheaper state-provided medical treatment.

    ", + "

    Some UK-issued EHICs may no longer be valid in Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein.

    ", + "

    Find out more about the EHIC and GHIC, including who can get them, where they\u2019re valid and how to apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re planning to work in an EEA country or Switzerland for longer, you may need to:

    ", + "
  • register as a resident and pay social security contributions to use the state healthcare system in that country
    • ", + "
  • take out private health insurance
    • ", + "

    Each country\u2019s healthcare system is different and you may have to pay for treatment you\u2019d get for free on the NHS.

    ", + "

    Find out more in the country healthcare guides.

    ", + "

    You usually have to pay for any medical treatment outside of the EEA, but you can get free or reduced cost treatment in some other countries.

    ", + "

    Working abroad for a UK employer

    ", + "

    If you are sent to work abroad temporarily, your employer must follow some of the employment rules of the country you\u2019re sent to work in.

    ", + "

    Find out about the employment rules for a country by contacting its UK-based embassy.

    ", + "

    You can also read guidance for business travellers visiting Europe.

    ", + "

    Tax

    ", + "

    You might still have to pay UK Income Tax, depending on what your \u2018residency status\u2019 will be in the country you\u2019re going to (for example, if you\u2019ll be a temporary or permanent resident).

    ", + "

    Fill in form P85 to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve left or are about to leave the UK to live or work abroad. Fill in the form and send it to HMRC.

    ", + "

    HMRC will tell you how your tax will be affected.

    ", + "

    National Insurance

    ", + "

    You might be able to pay National Insurance while you\u2019re working abroad, depending on where you\u2019re working and how long for.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, you can keep paying National Insurance to protect your State Pension and entitlement to other benefits.

    ", + "

    Your circumstances change

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if your circumstances change when you\u2019re abroad, for example if you move house or your marital status changes. You\u2019ll need your National Insurance number.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Business records if you're self-employed", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-employed-records", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must keep records of your business income and expenses for your tax return if you\u2019re self-employed as a:

    ", + "
  • sole trader
    • ", + "
  • partner in a business partnership
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to keep records of your personal income.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the nominated partner in a partnership, you must also keep records for the partnership.

    ", + "

    There are different rules on keeping records for limited companies.

    ", + "

    Accounting methods

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to choose an accounting method.

    ", + "

    Traditional accounting

    ", + "

    Many businesses use traditional accounting where you record income and expenses by the date you invoiced or were billed.

    ", + "

    Cash basis accounting

    ", + "

    Most small businesses with an income of \u00a3150,000 or less can use cash basis reporting.

    ", + "

    With this method, you only record income or expenses when you receive money or pay a bill. This means you will not need to pay Income Tax on money you have not yet received in your accounting period.

    ", + "

    What records to keep

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep records of:

    ", + "
  • all sales and income
    • ", + "
  • all business expenses
    • ", + "
  • VAT records if you\u2019re registered for VAT
    • ", + "
  • PAYE records if you employ people
    • ", + "
  • records about your personal income
    • ", + "
  • your grant, if you claimed through the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme because of coronavirus
    • ", + "

    Why you keep records

    ", + "

    You do not need to send your records in when you submit your tax return but you need to keep them so you can:

    ", + "
  • work out your profit or loss for your tax return
    • ", + "
  • show them to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if asked
    • ", + "

    You must make sure your records are accurate.

    ", + "

    Keep proof

    ", + "

    Types of proof include:

    ", + "
  • all receipts for goods and stock
    • ", + "
  • bank statements, chequebook stubs
    • ", + "
  • sales invoices, till rolls and bank slips
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re using traditional accounting

    ", + "

    As well as the standard records, you\u2019ll also need to keep further records so that your tax return includes:

    ", + "
  • what you\u2019re owed but have not received yet
    • ", + "
  • what you\u2019ve committed to spend but have not paid out yet, for example you\u2019ve received an invoice but have not paid it yet
    • ", + "
  • the value of stock and work in progress at the end of your accounting period
    • ", + "
  • your year end bank balances
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019ve invested in the business in the year
    • ", + "
  • how much money you\u2019ve taken out for your own use
    • ", + "

    How long to keep your records

    ", + "

    You must keep your records for at least 5 years after the 31 January submission deadline of the relevant tax year. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.

    ", + "

    Very late returns

    ", + "

    If you send your tax return more than 4 years after the deadline, you\u2019ll need to keep your records for 15 months after you send your tax return.

    ", + "

    If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed

    ", + "

    If you cannot replace your records, you must do your best to provide figures. Tell HMRC when you file your tax return if you\u2019re using:

    ", + "
  • estimated figures - your best guess when you cannot provide the actual figures
    • ", + "
  • provisional figures - your temporary estimated figures while you wait for actual figures (you\u2019ll also need to submit actual figures when available)
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Keeping your pay and tax records", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/keeping-your-pay-tax-records", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need to keep records if you have to send HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your records to fill in your tax return correctly. If HMRC checks your tax return, they may ask for the documents.

    ", + "

    You must also keep records for business income and outgoings if you\u2019re self-employed.

    ", + "

    How to keep your records

    ", + "

    There are no rules on how you must keep records. You can keep them on paper, digitally or as part of a software program (like book-keeping software).

    ", + "

    HMRC can charge you a penalty if your records are not accurate, complete and readable.

    ", + "

    Lost or destroyed records

    ", + "

    Try to get copies of as much as you can, for example ask banks for copies of statements, suppliers for duplicate invoice etc.

    ", + "

    You can use \u2018provisional\u2019 or \u2018estimated\u2019 figures if you cannot recreate all your records. You must use the \u2018Any other information\u2019 box on the tax return to say that this is what you\u2019re doing.

    ", + "

    \u2018Provisional\u2019 means you\u2019ll be able to get paperwork to confirm your figures later. \u2018Estimated\u2019 means you will not be able to confirm the figures.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay interest and penalties if your figures turn out to be wrong and you have not paid enough tax.

    ", + "

    How long to keep your records

    ", + "

    You must keep records about your business income and costs for longer if you\u2019re self-employed.

    ", + "

    How long you should keep your records depends on whether you send your tax return before or after the deadline.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.

    ", + "

    Tax returns sent on or before the deadline

    ", + "

    You should keep your records for at least 22 months after the end of the tax year the tax return is for.

    ", + "

    Tax returns sent after the deadline

    ", + "

    You should keep your records for at least 15 months after you sent the tax return.

    ", + "

    Employees and limited company directors

    ", + "

    Income from employment

    ", + "

    You should keep documents about your pay and tax, including:

    ", + "
  • your P45 - if you leave your job, this shows your pay and tax to the date you left
    • ", + "
  • your P60 - if you\u2019re in a job on 5 April, this shows your pay and tax for the tax year
    • ", + "
  • form P11D - this shows your expenses and benefits, like a company car or health insurance
    • ", + "
  • certificates for any Taxed Award Schemes
    • ", + "
  • information about any redundancy or termination payment
    • ", + "

    Contact your employer if you do not have your P60, P45 or form P11D.

    ", + "

    You should also keep details of any other income or benefits from your job, including:

    ", + "
  • any tips received (unless your employer pays them through the \u2018tronc\u2019 system, which means they will have deducted tax already)
    • ", + "
  • benefits you get in connection with your job from someone other than your employer, like meal vouchers
    • ", + "
  • any lump sum payments not included on your P60 or P45, like incentive payments or \u2018golden hellos\u2019 (payments you get to encourage you to take a new job)
    • ", + "

    Expense records

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve had to pay for things like tools, travel or specialist clothing for work, you may be able to claim for these to reduce the tax you\u2019ll have to pay. You need to keep a record of these so you can include them in your tax return.

    ", + "

    Benefits records

    ", + "

    You should keep any documents relating to:

    ", + "
  • social security benefits
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity, Paternity or Adoption Pay
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    Income from employee share schemes or share-related benefits

    ", + "

    You should keep:

    ", + "
  • copies of share option certificates and exercise notices
    • ", + "
  • letters about any changes to your options
    • ", + "
  • information about what you paid for your shares and the relevant dates
    • ", + "
  • details of any benefits you\u2019ve received as an employee shareholder
    • ", + "

    Savings, investments and pensions

    ", + "

    You should keep all:

    ", + "
  • bank or building society statements and passbooks
    • ", + "
  • statements of interest and income from your savings and investments
    • ", + "
  • tax deduction certificates from your bank
    • ", + "
  • dividend vouchers you get from UK companies
    • ", + "
  • unit trust tax vouchers
    • ", + "
  • documents that show the profits you\u2019ve made from life insurance policies (called \u2018chargeable event certificates\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • details of income you get from a trust
    • ", + "
  • details of any out-of-the ordinary income you\u2019ve received, like an inheritance
    • ", + "

    Pension information

    ", + "

    You should keep:

    ", + "
  • form P160 (Part 1A) which you got when your pension started
    • ", + "
  • form P60 which your pension provider sends you every year
    • ", + "
  • any other details of a pension (including State Pension) and the tax deducted from it
    • ", + "

    Rental income

    ", + "

    You should keep details of:

    ", + "
  • the dates when you let out your property
    • ", + "
  • all rent you get
    • ", + "
  • any income from services you give to tenants (for example if you charge for maintenance or repairs)
    • ", + "
  • rent books, receipts, invoices and bank statements
    • ", + "
  • allowable expenses you pay to run your property (for example services you pay for such as cleaning or gardening)
    • ", + "

    There are rules about what you can and cannot claim as expenses on your tax return.

    ", + "

    Capital gains or losses

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) certain assets that have gone up in value since you got them.

    ", + "

    You must make sure you keep the correct records.

    ", + "

    Overseas income

    ", + "

    You should keep:

    ", + "
  • evidence of income you\u2019ve earned from overseas, like payslips, bank statements or payment confirmations
    • ", + "
  • receipts for any overseas expenses you want to claim to reduce your tax bill
    • ", + "
  • dividend certificates from overseas companies
    • ", + "
  • certificates or other proof of the tax you\u2019ve already paid - either in the UK or overseas
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Register for Self Assessment", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-for-self-assessment", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must register for Self Assessment if you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to register if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • self-employed
    • ", + "
  • not self-employed
    • ", + "
  • registering a partner or partnership
    • ", + "

    Register if you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    If you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year, you need to register for Self Assessment and Class 2 National Insurance.

    ", + "

    Register by 5 October in your business\u2019s second tax year. You could be fined if you do not.

    ", + "

    If you have not filed a return online before

    ", + "
  • Register online. Once you\u2019ve completed the questions, HMRC will create your account.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll receive a letter with your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) number within 10 days (21 if you\u2019re abroad). You\u2019ll need your UTR to file a return.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll then receive another letter with an activation code for your account. You can get a new activation code if you do not receive it or you lose it.
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve filed a return online before

    ", + "

    Re-register online (form CWF1) if the work you plan to do is different from what you did before.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) from when you registered before. You can find your UTR if you do not know it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive a letter with a new account activation code 10 days later (21 if you\u2019re abroad).

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve reactivated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.

    ", + "

    If the work you plan to do is the same as you did before, sign in to your account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve filed before but you did not use the online service

    ", + "

    Create an account for the online service using your UTR. You can find your UTR if you do not know it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive a letter with an activation code for your account.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.

    ", + "

    Other ways to register

    ", + "

    You can fill in this form on-screen then print off and post to HMRC. You\u2019ll need to have all your information ready as you cannot save a partly completed form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using an older browser, for example Internet Explorer 8, you\u2019ll need to update it or use a different browser. Find out more about browsers.

    ", + "

    Register if you're not self-employed

    ", + "

    If you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year, you need to register for Self Assessment by 5 October.

    ", + "

    If you have not filed online before

    ", + "
  • Register using form SA1.
    • ", + "
  • After you register, you\u2019ll receive your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) number in the post within 10 working days (21 if you\u2019re abroad).
    • ", + "
  • Create your online account.
    • ", + "
  • Sign up for Self Assessment online - you\u2019ll need your UTR to do this.
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an activation code for your new account in the post within 7 working days of signing up (21 if you\u2019re abroad). When you get the code, sign in to send your return.

    ", + "

    You can replace an activation code if you do not receive it or you lose it.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve filed online before

    ", + "

    Sign in to your existing account.

    ", + "

    Register if you're a partner or partnership

    ", + "

    You must register for Self Assessment by 5 October if you\u2019re a partner in a partnership.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your partnership\u2019s 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR). You can find a UTR if you\u2019ve lost it.

    ", + "

    You must also register your partnership if you\u2019re the \u2018nominated partner\u2019.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to register:

    ", + "
  • for limited liability partnerships
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re a partner that\u2019s not an individual, for example a company or trust
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Building a new home and VAT", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-building-new-home", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a VAT refund on building materials and services if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • building a new home
    • ", + "
  • converting a property into a home
    • ", + "
  • building a non-profit communal residence - eg a hospice
    • ", + "
  • building a property for a charity
    • ", + "

    The building work and materials have to qualify and you must apply to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 3 months of completing the work.

    ", + "

    There is a separate guide to VAT if you\u2019re working in the construction industry.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    The application form has guidance on what building projects and materials qualify for a VAT refund. The basics are listed below.

    ", + "

    New homes

    ", + "

    The home must:

    ", + "
  • be separate and self-contained
    • ", + "
  • be for you or your family to live or holiday in
    • ", + "
  • not be for business purposes (you can use one room as a work from home office)
    • ", + "

    Builders working on new buildings should be zero-rated anyway and you won\u2019t pay any VAT on their services.

    ", + "

    Conversions

    ", + "

    The building being converted must usually be a non-residential building. Residential buildings qualify if they haven\u2019t been lived in for at least 10 years.

    ", + "

    You may claim a refund for builders\u2019 work on a conversion of non-residential building into a home.

    ", + "

    For other conversions builders can charge a reduced VAT rate.

    ", + "

    Communal and charity buildings

    ", + "

    You may get a VAT refund if the building is for one of the following purposes:

    ", + "
  • non-business - you can\u2019t charge a fee for the use of the building
    • ", + "
  • charitable, for example a hospice
    • ", + "
  • residential, for example a children\u2019s home
    • ", + "

    Building materials

    ", + "

    You may claim a VAT refund for building materials that are incorporated into the building and can\u2019t be removed without tools or damaging the building.

    ", + "

    What doesn\u2019t qualify

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t get a VAT refund for:

    ", + "
  • building projects in the Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • materials or services that don\u2019t have any VAT - for example, they were zero-rated or exempt
    • ", + "
  • professional or supervisory fees - for example, architects or surveyors
    • ", + "
  • hiring machinery or equipment
    • ", + "
  • buildings for business purposes
    • ", + "
  • buildings that can\u2019t be sold or used separately from another property because of a planning permission condition
    • ", + "
  • building materials that aren\u2019t permanently attached to or part of the building itself
    • ", + "
  • fitted furniture, some electrical and gas appliances, carpets or garden ornaments
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Fill in form 431NB to claim a VAT refund on a new build, or 431C to claim for a conversion.

    ", + "

    Send your claim form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You must claim within 3 months of the building work being completed.

    ", + "

    What you need to include

    ", + "

    You must include all the documents listed in the claim form as part of your application.

    ", + "

    If an invoice is in your business\u2019s name, you\u2019ll need proof that you\u2019ve refunded the amount from your personal bank - for example, a bank statement.

    ", + "

    VAT invoices must be valid and show the correct rate of VAT or they will not be accepted. For invoices not in sterling, convert the amounts into sterling.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    HMRC will write to you about when you can expect your VAT refund if your claim is successful. They will usually write to you within 6 weeks.

    ", + "

    Help with VAT for building materials

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you have further questions.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Tax on shopping and services", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-shopping", + "contents": [ + "

    VAT and duties

    ", + "

    VAT is a tax you pay on most goods and services.

    ", + "Rate | % of VAT | What the rate applies to", + "Standard | 20% | Most goods and services", + "Reduced rate | 5% | Some goods and services, for example children\u2019s car seats and some energy-saving materials in the home", + "Zero rate | 0% | Zero-rated goods and services, for example most food and children\u2019s clothes", + "

    Check the VAT rates on different goods and services. Some things are exempt from VAT, such as postage stamps and some financial and property transactions.

    ", + "

    VAT is normally included in the price you see in shops, but there are some exceptions.

    ", + "

    VAT and disabled people

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay VAT on certain goods and services if they\u2019re just for your own use and you\u2019re disabled or have a long-term illness.

    ", + "

    Other taxes and duties

    ", + "

    You pay different taxes on:

    ", + "
  • alcohol and tobacco
    • ", + "
  • petrol, diesel and other fuel
    • ", + "
  • insurance
    • ", + "
  • goods from abroad if you go over your customs allowance
    • ", + "

    Airlines have to pay air passenger duty for every flight from the UK. Most airline tickets include a separate charge to cover this cost.

    ", + "

    Gambling operators (for example, betting shops and websites, casinos or slot machine owners) have to pay gambling duties on profits they make from gambling. Customers do not pay duty on their stake (what they bet or pay to play) or winnings.

    ", + "

    Where you see VAT

    ", + "

    In shops

    ", + "

    Any VAT due is already included in the price of something you buy in a shop. No tax is added when you pay.

    ", + "

    Some shops in Northern Ireland offer tax-free shopping for visitors.

    ", + "

    In adverts, catalogues and price lists

    ", + "

    This depends on who they\u2019re aimed at. If they\u2019re for:

    ", + "
  • the general public only, they\u2019ll show you a price including VAT
    • ", + "
  • businesses as well as consumers, they might show the price with VAT and without
    • ", + "
  • businesses only they do not usually include VAT, which is charged on top of the price shown
    • ", + "

    On bills and receipts

    ", + "

    Sometimes VAT is shown on a separate line. This does not mean you\u2019re paying extra - it just shows how much tax is included in the price.

    ", + "

    Invoices from suppliers like builders, painters and decorators must show a separate amount for VAT and their VAT registration number.

    ", + "

    How VAT is worked out

    ", + "

    When someone charges you VAT they multiply their selling price by the VAT rate to calculate the amount of VAT to charge.

    ", + "

    They then add this to the selling price to give you the price you actually pay - this is called the \u2018gross\u2019 price.

    ", + "

    VAT on energy-saving products

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, you\u2019ll pay a reduced rate of VAT (5%) when certain energy-saving products are installed in your home.

    ", + "

    Your supplier will charge you the reduced rate on the installation and any extra work that\u2019s part of it.

    ", + "

    Not all products or installations qualify for the reduced rate and you cannot buy or install them yourself.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To qualify for the reduced rate, you must be over 60 or getting one or more of the following:

    ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit (but not the family element)
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • a disablement pension
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-based)
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • War Disablement Pension
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit
    • ", + "

    You will also be eligible to get the reduced rate on the products if the total cost of them (not including VAT) is not over 60% of the cost of the installation of the products (not including VAT).

    ", + "

    If your products cost more than 60% of the installation, you\u2019ll only be entitled to the reduced rate on the installation.

    ", + "

    Your supplier will be responsible for charging you the correct rate of VAT.

    ", + "

    Energy products that qualify

    ", + "

    You pay the reduced rate of 5% for:

    ", + "
  • controls for central heating and hot water systems
    • ", + "
  • draught stripping, for example insulation fixed around windows and doors to reduce draughts
    • ", + "
  • insulation on walls, floors, ceilings and lofts
    • ", + "
  • solar panels
    • ", + "
  • ground-source heat pumps
    • ", + "
  • air-source heat pumps
    • ", + "
  • micro combined heat and power units
    • ", + "
  • wood-fuelled boilers
    • ", + "

    Central heating systems

    ", + "

    You pay the reduced rate of 5% for work funded through energy efficiency grants on the:

    ", + "
  • installation of heating appliances
    • ", + "
  • installation, repair and maintenance of central heating systems
    • ", + "
  • installation, repair and maintenance of renewable source heating systems
    • ", + "

    The reduced rate is only for the grant-funded part of the work.

    ", + "

    Energy products that do not qualify

    ", + "

    You pay the standard rate of VAT for:

    ", + "
  • heating appliances or systems - unless you get an energy efficiency grant
    • ", + "
  • energy efficient boilers
    • ", + "
  • secondary or double glazing
    • ", + "
  • low emission glass
    • ", + "
  • energy efficient fridge freezers
    • ", + "
  • wind turbines
    • ", + "
  • water turbines
    • ", + "

    VAT on mobility aids

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 60, you pay a reduced rate of VAT (5%) on certain mobility aids when you pay for them to be supplied and installed in your home.

    ", + "

    Qualifying products

    ", + "

    You can get the reduced rate on:

    ", + "
  • grab rails
    • ", + "
  • ramps
    • ", + "
  • stair lifts
    • ", + "
  • bath lifts
    • ", + "
  • built-in shower seats or showers containing built-in shower seats
    • ", + "
  • walk-in baths with sealable doors
    • ", + "

    You do not get the reduced rate if you repair or replace the goods after they\u2019ve been installed.

    ", + "

    You do not have to order and pay for the product yourself - a friend, local council, charity or housing association can do it for you.

    ", + "

    How to get the reduced rate

    ", + "

    Your supplier should know about the reduced rate and apply it. You qualify if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re over 60 when the product is supplied or installed
    • ", + "
  • the product is installed - you do not get the reduced rate if you just buy it
    • ", + "
  • the product is for a private home, for example your own home or one shared with friends or relatives (a residential care home does not qualify)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to confirm to your supplier in writing that you meet these conditions. They may give you a form, or you can sign your own declaration. Ask a relative, partner or other responsible person if you\u2019re not able to fill it in yourself.

    ", + "

    Declaration: mobility aids for older people

    ", + "

    Sign and date the declaration, using this standard wording.

    ", + "

    Help from your council

    ", + "

    If you need to adapt your home because of old age you can apply to your council for equipment or help.

    ", + "

    Tax-free shopping

    ", + "

    You can only buy tax-free goods from shops in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) if they\u2019re delivered straight to an address outside the UK. Check with the retailer if they offer this service.

    ", + "

    You may be able to buy tax-free goods from some shops when you visit Northern Ireland. You claim your VAT refund when you leave Northern Ireland or the EU.

    ", + "

    When you may be able to get a VAT refund

    ", + "

    You can sometimes get VAT refunds on goods you buy in Northern Ireland if you:

    ", + "
  • visit Northern Ireland and live outside the UK and EU
    • ", + "
  • work or study in Northern Ireland but normally live outside the UK and EU
    • ", + "
  • live in Northern Ireland but are leaving the UK and EU for at least 12 months
    • ", + "

    You can only get a VAT refund if you take the goods out of Northern Ireland and the EU within 3 months of buying them. Not all retailers offer VAT refunds.

    ", + "

    Taking goods from Northern Ireland to Great Britain

    ", + "

    You will not get a VAT refund if you travel straight from Northern Ireland to Great Britain.

    ", + "

    If you travel from Northern Ireland to Great Britain through another country, the goods will count towards your tax-free personal allowances. You may have to declare them along with other goods you\u2019re carrying when you enter Great Britain and pay import VAT.

    ", + "

    This may mean you have to pay VAT again on the goods from Northern Ireland. If this happens, you can get a refund of the overpaid VAT from the retailer.

    ", + "

    Check the rules on bringing goods into Great Britain.

    ", + "

    How to get a VAT refund

    ", + "
  • Get a VAT 407 form from the retailer - they might ask for proof that you\u2019re eligible, for example your passport.
    • ", + "
  • Show the goods, the completed form and your receipts to customs at the point when you leave Northern Ireland or the EU.
    • ", + "
  • Customs will approve your form if everything is in order. You then take the approved form to get paid.
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re changing planes in an EU country and checking your goods with your luggage, you must do step 2 in Northern Ireland when you check in.

    ", + "

    Getting paid

    ", + "

    You can either get paid immediately at a refund booth, for example at the airport, or send the approved form to the retailer or their refund company. The retailer will tell you how you\u2019ll get paid.

    ", + "

    Some retailers charge a fee for handling your form. This money will be deducted from your refund.

    ", + "

    If there are no customs officials available, you can leave your form in a customs post box. Customs will check it and contact your retailer to arrange the refund if everything is in order.

    ", + "

    Goods you cannot get a refund for

    ", + "

    You cannot get a VAT refund for:

    ", + "
  • mail order goods, including internet sales, delivered outside of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • goods you\u2019ve already used in Northern Ireland or the EU, such as perfume
    • ", + "
  • service charges, such as hotel bills
    • ", + "
  • new or used cars
    • ", + "
  • goods worth more than \u00a3600 exported for business purposes
    • ", + "
  • goods to be exported as freight
    • ", + "
  • goods that need an export licence (except antiques)
    • ", + "
  • unmounted gemstones
    • ", + "
  • gold over 125g, 2.75 troy ounces or 10 tolas
    • ", + "
  • a boat you plan to sail to a destination outside Northern Ireland or the EU
    • ", + "

    Find out more about claiming VAT back on tax-free shopping in Northern Ireland, including travelling to Great Britain and problems like losing your form.

    ", + "

    Alcohol and tobacco duties

    ", + "

    Tobacco Duty is included in the price you pay for cigarettes, cigars and other tobacco products.

    ", + "

    Alcohol duties are included in the price you pay for beer, cider or perry, wine or \u2018made-wine\u2019, and spirits. Made-wine is any alcoholic drink made by fermentation that\u2019s not beer, cider, perry, spirits or wine.

    ", + "

    You also pay standard rate VAT at 20% on alcohol and tobacco products.

    ", + "

    Tobacco Duty

    ", + "

    You pay different rates of Tobacco Duty on cigarettes, cigars and other tobacco products.

    ", + "Tobacco product | Rate", + "Cigarettes | 16.5% of the retail price plus \u00a34.90 on a packet of 20", + "Cigars | \u00a33.05 on a 10g cigar", + "Hand rolling tobacco | \u00a38.14 on a 30g packet", + "Other smoking tobacco and chewing tobacco (for example pipe tobacco) | \u00a34.03 on a 30g packet", + "

    Beer Duty

    ", + "

    How much Beer Duty you pay depends on the beer\u2019s strength, or \u2018alcohol by volume\u2019 (ABV).

    ", + "Strength (ABV) | Beer Duty rate per litre for each % of alcohol", + "More than 1.2%, up to 2.8% | 8.42 pence", + "More than 2.8%, up to 7.5% | 19.08 pence", + "More than 7.5% | 24.77 pence", + "

    Cider Duty

    ", + "

    You pay Cider Duty on cider and perry. How much depends on the strength and whether it\u2019s still or sparkling.

    ", + "Type of cider or perry | Strength (ABV) | Rate per litre", + "Still | More than 1.2% but less than up to 6.9% | 40.38 pence", + "Still | At least 6.9%, up to 7.5% | 50.71 pence", + "Still | More than 7.5% but less than 8.5% | 61.04 pence", + "Sparkling | More than 1.2%, up to 5.5% | 40.38 pence", + "Sparkling | More than 5.5% but less than 8.5% | 288.10 pence", + "

    Wine Duty

    ", + "

    How much Wine Duty you pay depends on the strength of the wine (or made-wine) and whether it\u2019s still or sparkling.

    ", + "Type of wine or made-wine | Strength (ABV) | Rate per litre", + "Still | More than 1.2%, up to 4% | 91.68 pence", + "Still | More than 4%, up to 5.5% | 126.08 pence", + "Still | More than 5.5%, up to 15% | 297.57 pence", + "Still | More than 15%, up to 22% | 396.72 pence", + "Sparkling | More than 5.5% but less than 8.5% | 288.10 pence", + "Sparkling | More than 8.5%, up to 15% | 381.15 pence", + "

    You pay duty on wine and made-wine of more than 22% ABV at the same rate as spirits.

    ", + "

    Spirit Duty

    ", + "

    You pay \u00a328.74 of Spirit Duty per litre of pure alcohol.

    ", + "

    Fuel Duty

    ", + "

    Fuel Duty is included in the price you pay for petrol, diesel and other fuels used in vehicles or for heating.

    ", + "

    You also pay standard rate VAT at 20% on most fuel, or the reduced rate of 5% on domestic heating fuel.

    ", + "

    Fuel Duty rates

    ", + "

    The rate you pay depends on the type of fuel.

    ", + "Type of fuel | Rate", + "Petrol, diesel, biodiesel and bioethanol | 57.95 pence per litre", + "Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) | 31.61 pence per kg", + "Natural gas used as fuel in vehicles, for example biogas | 24.70 pence per kg", + "\u2018Fuel oil\u2019 burned in a furnace or used for heating | 10.70 pence per litre", + "

    You pay different rates on other types of fuel, depending on how they\u2019re used.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a penalty and could have your vehicle seized if you use \u2018rebated\u2019 oils like red diesel or kerosene on public roads. Report red diesel used on public roads to the Customs Hotline.

    ", + "

    Insurance Premium Tax

    ", + "

    Insurance Premium Tax (IPT) is usually included in the price you pay for insurance.

    ", + "

    You do not pay VAT on insurance.

    ", + "

    The rate of IPT depends on the type of insurance and who supplies it.

    ", + "

    Standard rate IPT

    ", + "

    The rate is 12% on most types of insurance, including car, pet and home insurance.

    ", + "

    Higher rate IPT

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a higher rate of 20% for travel insurance, and insurance arranged by the supplier (rather than an insurance company) on:

    ", + "
  • vehicles, including hired vehicles - but the standard 12% rate is charged on ordinary motor insurance
    • ", + "
  • electronic goods and other household appliances - this includes gas central heating but not mobile phones
    • ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no IPT on life insurance and income protection insurance.

    ", + "

    Air Passenger Duty

    ", + "

    Airlines pay Air Passenger Duty (APD) for every passenger who flies from the UK. Ticket prices usually include a charge to cover this cost.

    ", + "

    You do not pay VAT on the cost of flights.

    ", + "

    The amount of APD the airline pays depends on how far away your destination is and the class you travel in.

    ", + "

    On commercial passenger flights the duty costs from \u00a313 to \u00a3180 per flight. There are higher charges for some private passenger planes or charters.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no APD on long-haul flights from Northern Ireland or flights from the Scottish Highlands and Islands region.

    ", + "

    You can check rates for Air Passenger Duty paid by operators.

    ", + "

    If you do not take a flight

    ", + "

    If you do not take a flight you may be able to get a refund of anything you paid to cover APD costs.

    ", + "

    Contact your airline to see if you can get a refund. You may have to pay an administration fee.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "VAT Annual Accounting Scheme", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-annual-accounting-scheme", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Usually, VAT-registered businesses submit their VAT Returns and payments to HM Revenue and Customs 4 times a year.

    ", + "

    With the Annual Accounting Scheme you:

    ", + "
  • make advance VAT payments towards your VAT bill - based on your last return (or estimated if you\u2019re new to VAT)
    • ", + "
  • submit 1 VAT Return a year
    • ", + "

    From 1 April 2019, most businesses will need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.

    ", + "

    When you submit your VAT Return you either:

    ", + "
  • make a final payment - the difference between your advance payments and actual VAT bill
    • ", + "
  • apply for a refund - if you\u2019ve overpaid your VAT bill
    • ", + "

    The scheme would not suit your business if you regularly reclaim VAT because you\u2019ll only be able to get 1 refund a year (when you submit the VAT Return).

    ", + "

    You can join the scheme if your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less.

    ", + "

    Talk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Annual Accounting Scheme is right for you.

    ", + "

    Join or leave the scheme

    ", + "

    You must be eligible to join the scheme.

    ", + "

    How to join

    ", + "

    You can join the scheme:

    ", + "
  • online - when you register for VAT
    • ", + "
  • by post - fill in VAT600 AA (or use VAT600 AA/FRS to apply for the Flat Rate Scheme at the same time)
    • ", + "

    Do not use the address on the form - send it to the following address instead.

    ", + "

    Confirmation you\u2019ve joined the scheme is sent to your VAT online account (or in the post if you do not apply online).

    ", + "

    How to leave

    ", + "

    You can leave the scheme at any time, but you must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it.

    ", + "

    To leave, write to HMRC and they will confirm when you can leave. From this date, you must account for your VAT in the usual way.

    ", + "

    You have to wait 12 months before you can rejoin the scheme.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can join the Annual Accounting Scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a VAT-registered business
    • ", + "
  • your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    VAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You cannot use the scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you left the scheme in the last 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your business is part of a VAT registered division or group of companies
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re insolvent
    • ", + "

    Leaving the scheme

    ", + "

    You must leave the scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it
    • ", + "
  • your VAT taxable turnover is (or is likely to be) more than \u00a31.6 million at the end of the annual accounting year
    • ", + "

    Return and payment deadlines

    ", + "

    Check your VAT Return and payment deadlines in your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account.

    ", + "

    VAT Return deadline

    ", + "

    There are 12 months in your VAT accounting period. Your VAT Return is due once a year, 2 months after the end of your accounting period.

    ", + "

    Most businesses now need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.

    ", + "

    Payment deadlines

    ", + "

    You must make advance payments towards your VAT bill (either monthly or quarterly) during your accounting period and a final payment when you submit your VAT Return.

    ", + "Payment | Deadline", + "Monthly | Due at the end of months 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12", + "Quarterly | Due at the end of months 4, 7 and 10", + "Final payment | Within 2 months of month 12", + "

    How much do you pay

    ", + "

    Each payment is either 10% of your estimated VAT bill (monthly payments) or 25% (quarterly payments). The amount is based on previous VAT returns (or estimated if you\u2019re new to VAT).

    ", + "

    HMRC will write telling you when your instalments are due and how much they\u2019ll be.

    ", + "

    The final payment (known as a \u2018balancing payment\u2019) is the difference between your advance payments and the actual VAT bill confirmed on your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    You may be due a VAT refund if you\u2019ve overpaid HMRC.

    ", + "

    You must pay VAT to HMRC electronically, for example by Direct Debit or internet banking.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "VAT Cash Accounting Scheme", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-cash-accounting-scheme", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Usually, the amount of VAT you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is the difference between your sales invoices and purchase invoices. You have to\nreport these figures and pay any money to HMRC even if the invoices have not been paid.

    ", + "

    With the Cash Accounting Scheme you:

    ", + "
  • pay VAT on your sales when your customers pay you
    • ", + "
  • reclaim VAT on your purchases when you have paid your supplier
    • ", + "

    To join the scheme your VAT taxable turnover must be \u00a31.35 million or less.

    ", + "

    Talk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Cash Accounting Scheme is right for you.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can use cash accounting if:

    ", + "
  • your business is registered for VAT
    • ", + "
  • your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    VAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You cannot use cash accounting if:

    ", + "
  • you use the VAT Flat Rate Scheme - instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based turnover method
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion
    • ", + "

    You cannot use it for the following transactions (you have to use standard VAT accounting instead):

    ", + "
  • where the payment terms of a VAT invoice are 6 months or more
    • ", + "
  • where a VAT invoice is raised in advance
    • ", + "
  • buying or selling goods using lease purchase, hire purchase, conditional sale or credit sale
    • ", + "
  • importing goods into Northern Ireland from the EU
    • ", + "
  • moving goods outside a customs warehouse
    • ", + "

    You must leave the scheme if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a31.6 million

    ", + "

    Join or leave the scheme

    ", + "

    How to join

    ", + "

    You must be eligible to join the scheme. You join at the beginning of a VAT accounting period.

    ", + "

    You do not have to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) you use cash accounting.

    ", + "

    How to leave

    ", + "

    You can leave the scheme at any time, but you must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to use it. You should leave at the end of a VAT accounting period.

    ", + "

    You do not have to tell HMRC you\u2019ve stopped using it, but you must report and pay HMRC any outstanding VAT (whether your customers have paid you or not).

    ", + "

    You can report and pay the outstanding VAT over 6 months.

    ", + "

    If your VAT taxable turnover exceeded \u00a31.35 million in the last 3 months you must report and pay straight away.

    ", + "

    You must pay immediately if HMRC has written to you to withdraw your use of the scheme.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "VAT Flat Rate Scheme", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-flat-rate-scheme", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The amount of VAT a business pays or claims back from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually the difference between the VAT charged by the business to customers and the VAT the business pays on their own purchases.

    ", + "

    With the Flat Rate Scheme:

    ", + "
  • you pay a fixed rate of VAT to HMRC
    • ", + "
  • you keep the difference between what you charge your customers and pay to HMRC
    • ", + "
  • you cannot reclaim the VAT on your purchases - except for certain capital assets over \u00a32,000
    • ", + "

    To join the scheme your VAT turnover must be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT), and you must apply to HMRC.

    ", + "

    Talk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Flat Rate Scheme is right for you.

    ", + "

    Join or leave the scheme

    ", + "

    You must be eligible to join the scheme.

    ", + "

    How to join

    ", + "

    You can join the scheme online when you register for VAT.

    ", + "

    You can also fill in VAT600 FRS and either:

    ", + "
  • email it to frsapplications.vrs@hmrc.gsi.gov.uk
    • ", + "
  • send it by post
    • ", + "

    Do not use the address on the form - send it to the following address instead.

    ", + "

    Use VAT600 AA/FRS to apply for the Annual Accounting Scheme at the same time.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get confirmation you\u2019ve joined the scheme through your VAT online account (or in the post if you do not apply online).

    ", + "

    How to leave

    ", + "

    You can choose to leave the scheme at any time. You must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it.

    ", + "

    To leave, write to HMRC and they will confirm your leaving date.

    ", + "

    You must wait 12 months before you can rejoin the scheme.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can join the Flat Rate Scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a VAT-registered business
    • ", + "
  • you expect your VAT taxable turnover to be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT) in the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    VAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You cannot use the scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you left the scheme in the last 12 months
    • ", + "
  • you committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion
    • ", + "
  • you joined (or were eligible to join) a VAT group in the last 24 months
    • ", + "
  • you registered for VAT as a business division in the last 24 months
    • ", + "
  • your business is closely associated with another business
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve joined a margin or capital goods VAT scheme
    • ", + "

    You cannot use the scheme with the Cash Accounting Scheme. Instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based method for calculating the turnover.

    ", + "

    Leaving the scheme

    ", + "

    You must leave the scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it
    • ", + "
  • on the anniversary of joining, your turnover in the last 12 months was more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT) - or you expect it to be in the next 12 months
    • ", + "
  • you expect your total income in the next 30 days alone to be more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT)
    • ", + "

    Work out your flat rate

    ", + "

    The VAT flat rate you use usually depends on your business type. You may pay a different rate if you only spend a small amount on goods.

    ", + "

    You get a 1% discount if you\u2019re in your first year as a VAT-registered business.

    ", + "

    If you spend a small amount on goods

    ", + "

    You\u2019re classed as a \u2018limited cost business\u2019 if your goods cost less than either:

    ", + "
  • 2% of your turnover
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,000 a year (if your costs are more than 2%)
    • ", + "

    This means you pay a higher rate of 16.5%. You can calculate if you need to pay the higher rate and work out which goods count as costs.

    ", + "

    If you are not a limited cost business, you use your business type to work out your flat rate.

    ", + "

    Flat rates for types of business

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) the flat rate for catering (including restaurants and takeaways), accommodation and pubs has been reduced until 31 March 2022.

    ", + "Type of business | Current VAT flat rate (%)", + "Accountancy or book-keeping | 14.5", + "Advertising | 11", + "Agricultural services | 11", + "Any other activity not listed elsewhere | 12", + "Architect, civil and structural engineer or surveyor | 14.5", + "Boarding or care of animals | 12", + "Business services not listed elsewhere | 12", + "Catering services including restaurants and takeaways before 15 July 2020 | 12.5", + "Catering services including restaurants and takeaways from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 4.5", + "Catering services including restaurants and takeaways from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 8.5", + "Computer and IT consultancy or data processing | 14.5", + "Computer repair services | 10.5", + "Entertainment or journalism | 12.5", + "Estate agency or property management services | 12", + "Farming or agriculture not listed elsewhere | 6.5", + "Film, radio, television or video production | 13", + "Financial services | 13.5", + "Forestry or fishing | 10.5", + "General building or construction services* | 9.5", + "Hairdressing or other beauty treatment services | 13", + "Hiring or renting goods | 9.5", + "Hotel or accommodation before 15 July 2020 | 10.5", + "Hotel or accommodation from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 0", + "Hotel or accommodation from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 5.5", + "Investigation or security | 12", + "Labour-only building or construction services* | 14.5", + "Laundry or dry-cleaning services | 12", + "Lawyer or legal services | 14.5", + "Library, archive, museum or other cultural activity | 9.5", + "Management consultancy | 14", + "Manufacturing fabricated metal products | 10.5", + "Manufacturing food | 9", + "Manufacturing not listed elsewhere | 9.5", + "Manufacturing yarn, textiles or clothing | 9", + "Membership organisation | 8", + "Mining or quarrying | 10", + "Packaging | 9", + "Photography | 11", + "Post offices | 5", + "Printing | 8.5", + "Publishing | 11", + "Pubs before 15 July 2020 | 6.5", + "Pubs from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 1", + "Pubs from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 4", + "Real estate activity not listed elsewhere | 14", + "Repairing personal or household goods | 10", + "Repairing vehicles | 8.5", + "Retailing food, confectionery, tobacco, newspapers or children\u2019s clothing | 4", + "Retailing pharmaceuticals, medical goods, cosmetics or toiletries | 8", + "Retailing not listed elsewhere | 7.5", + "Retailing vehicles or fuel | 6.5", + "Secretarial services | 13", + "Social work | 11", + "Sport or recreation | 8.5", + "Transport or storage, including couriers, freight, removals and taxis | 10", + "Travel agency | 10.5", + "Veterinary medicine | 11", + "Wholesaling agricultural products | 8", + "Wholesaling food | 7.5", + "Wholesaling not listed elsewhere | 8.5", + "

    *\u2018Labour-only building or construction services\u2019 means building services where the value of the materials supplied is less than 10% of the turnover for those services. If more than this amount, the business is classed as \u2018General building or construction services\u2019.

    ", + "

    What you pay

    ", + "

    You calculate the tax you pay by multiplying your VAT flat rate by your \u2018VAT inclusive turnover\u2019.

    ", + "

    VAT inclusive turnover is different from standard VAT turnover. As well as business income (such as from sales), it includes the VAT paid on that income.

    ", + "

    Calculating 2 flat rates

    ", + "

    The first calculation should start from day one of your accounting period to the last day of that flat rate. The second should start from the date of the new flat rate to the end of your accounting period.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Call the VAT Helpline if you have any questions about the Flat Rate Scheme.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "VAT for builders", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-builders", + "contents": [ + "

    Houses and flats

    ", + "

    VAT for most work on houses and flats by builders and similar trades like plumbers, plasterers and carpenters is charged at the standard rate of 20% - but there are some exceptions.

    ", + "

    How you report and pay VAT in the construction industry is changing from 1 October 2019. Find out what you need to do to prepare.

    ", + "

    Zero rate VAT

    ", + "

    You may not have to charge VAT on some types of work if it meets certain conditions, including:

    ", + "
  • building a new house or flat
    • ", + "
  • work for disabled people in their home
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate guide on VAT refunds if you\u2019re building your own home.

    ", + "

    Reduced rate VAT

    ", + "

    You may be able to charge the reduced rate of 5% for some types of work if it meets certain conditions, including:

    ", + "
  • installing energy saving products and certain work for people over 60
    • ", + "
  • converting a building into a house or flats or from one residential use to another
    • ", + "
  • renovating an empty house or flat
    • ", + "
  • home improvements to a domestic property on the Isle of Man
    • ", + "

    Buildings that are not houses or flats

    ", + "

    You do not need to charge VAT for construction work on certain other types of building.

    ", + "

    Building new homes

    ", + "

    You may not have to charge VAT on labour or building materials for work you do on a new house or flat.

    ", + "

    What counts as new

    ", + "

    For work to be zero-rated for VAT, it must qualify as a genuinely new, self-contained house or flat. This means:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s self-contained - there are not any internal doors or connections to other houses or flats
    • ", + "
  • it can be used independently of any other property, including businesses
    • ", + "
  • it can be sold on its own
    • ", + "
  • it has proper planning permission
    • ", + "
  • any existing buildings on the site have been demolished completely to ground level (unless you\u2019re extending an existing building to create a new house or flat)
    • ", + "

    For mixed-use buildings, like a shop with a flat above it, only the work on the residential part can be zero-rated for VAT.

    ", + "

    Find out more about qualifying buildings for zero-rated VAT.

    ", + "

    Timing, labour and materials

    ", + "

    Work that\u2019s zero-rated for VAT must take place during the construction project, or be closely related to it (eg demolishing existing buildings and preparing the site). This is known as work done \u2018in the course of construction\u2019.

    ", + "

    You cannot zero-rate work you do after a building\u2019s finished, apart from correcting defects in the original work (\u2018snagging\u2019).

    ", + "

    All labour on a qualifying building can be zero-rated, but there are special rules on what counts as building materials for VAT purposes.

    ", + "

    Work for disabled people

    ", + "

    You may not have to charge VAT on alterations you make to a disabled person\u2019s home, or certain equipment you supply for their personal use.

    ", + "

    Who qualifies as \u2018disabled\u2019

    ", + "

    To be zero-rated for VAT, the work you\u2019re doing needs to be for someone with a:

    ", + "
  • physical or mental impairment that has a major long-term effect on their ability to do everyday activities
    • ", + "
  • condition that the medical profession treats as a chronic sickness (eg diabetes)
    • ", + "
  • terminal illness
    • ", + "

    Someone who\u2019s temporarily disabled or incapacitated, or elderly and frail but not disabled, does not qualify. However, you may be able to charge reduced-rate VAT at 5% on mobility aids, heating and security work for people over 60.

    ", + "

    Alterations

    ", + "

    Work on a disabled person\u2019s home that can be zero-rated includes:

    ", + "
  • building a ramp
    • ", + "
  • widening (but not building) a doorway or passage
    • ", + "
  • installing, extending or adapting a bathroom, washroom or lavatory to suit their condition
    • ", + "
  • installing, repairing or maintaining a lift used to help them move between floors
    • ", + "
  • preparation and restoration of the immediately surrounding decor
    • ", + "

    Find out more about alterations that can be zero-rated for VAT.

    ", + "

    Equipment designed for disabled people

    ", + "

    You do not have to charge VAT if you supply, install, repair, maintain or adapt certain equipment specifically designed for disabled people if it\u2019s for personal use in their home. This includes:

    ", + "
  • adjustable beds
    • ", + "
  • hoists
    • ", + "
  • chair and stair lifts
    • ", + "
  • sanitary devices
    • ", + "
  • alarms
    • ", + "
  • parts and accessories for qualifying equipment
    • ", + "
  • the cost of adapting something for a disabled person
    • ", + "

    Find out more about zero-rated goods and services for disabled people.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for equipment paid for or arranged by the NHS or any other hospital or nursing home.

    ", + "

    Evidence of eligibility

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for making sure that your customer is eligible for zero-rate VAT, and you should be able to prove this from your records.

    ", + "

    You can do this by getting your disabled customers (or a parent, guardian, doctor or another responsible person if they\u2019re not able) to sign a declaration containing information that shows they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    A declaration must be separate (or clearly different) from any order form or invoice for goods or services.

    ", + "

    Energy saving and mobility aids

    ", + "

    You may be able to charge the reduced rate of VAT (5%) for work in residential properties to install:

    ", + "
  • certain energy-saving, heating and security products
    • ", + "
  • mobility aids for people over 60
    • ", + "

    This includes the cost of the products themselves if you install them - but if you only supply them you must charge the standard rate of 20%.

    ", + "

    Energy saving, heating and security

    ", + "

    You can charge the reduced rate of VAT on work you do to install qualifying energy-saving products, and certain grant-funded heating and security equipment for people over 60 or on benefits.

    ", + "

    You can also charge the reduced rate for extra work you need to do as part of the installation. But you must charge the standard rate of 20% on all work if the installation is just part of another, bigger job.

    ", + "

    Find out more about reduced-rate VAT for energy-saving products and grant-funded heating and security.

    ", + "

    Mobility aids

    ", + "

    You can charge the reduced rate of VAT on work you do to install certain mobility aids for people over 60, either in their own private home or in a private home that they share with their friends or relatives.

    ", + "

    Other types of building

    ", + "

    You may not have to charge VAT for some work you do on certain types of buildings that are not houses or flats, including:

    ", + "
  • civil engineering work to develop a residential caravan park
    • ", + "
  • approved alterations and substantial reconstructions to protected buildings
    • ", + "
  • converting a non-residential building into a house or communal residential building for a housing association
    • ", + "
  • constructing certain buildings used by charities for a \u2018relevant charitable purpose\u2019
    • ", + "

    There are also certain other types of communal residential building that you do not have to charge VAT on, including:

    ", + "
  • children\u2019s homes
    • ", + "
  • residential care homes
    • ", + "
  • hospices
    • ", + "
  • student accommodation
    • ", + "
  • school boarding houses
    • ", + "
  • armed forces\u2019 accommodation
    • ", + "
  • monasteries, nunneries and similar buildings
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "VAT margin schemes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-margin-schemes", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    VAT margin schemes tax the difference between what you paid for an item and what you sold it for, rather than the full selling price. You pay VAT at 16.67% (one-sixth) on the difference.

    ", + "

    You can choose to use a margin scheme when you sell:

    ", + "
  • second-hand goods
    • ", + "
  • works of art
    • ", + "
  • antiques
    • ", + "
  • collectors\u2019 items
    • ", + "

    You cannot use a margin scheme for:

    ", + "
  • any item you bought for which you were charged VAT
    • ", + "
  • precious metals
    • ", + "
  • investment gold
    • ", + "
  • precious stones
    • ", + "

    How to start

    ", + "

    You can start using a margin scheme at any time by keeping the correct records, and then reporting it on your VAT return. You do not have to register.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay VAT on the full selling price of each item if you do not meet all the scheme\u2019s requirements.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you\u2019re selling:

    ", + "
  • second hand cars
    • ", + "
  • horses and ponies
    • ", + "
  • houseboats and caravans
    • ", + "
  • high volume, low price items - you can use the Global Accounting Scheme, a simplified version of the margin scheme
    • ", + "

    There are also special rules for dealers, pawnbrokers and auctioneers.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can only use a margin scheme for:

    ", + "
  • second-hand goods
    • ", + "
  • works of art
    • ", + "
  • antiques and collectors\u2019 items
    • ", + "

    Second-hand goods

    ", + "

    Goods that can still be used, or which could be used after repair.

    ", + "

    Works of art

    ", + "

    Most items normally described as \u2018works of art\u2019 are eligible. There are some exceptions, for example technical drawings, scenery for theatres and hand-decorated manufactured items.

    ", + "

    Antiques and collectors\u2019 items

    ", + "

    Antiques are goods that are over 100 years old. Collectors\u2019 items are stamps, coins and currency and other pieces of scientific, historical or archaeological interest. Not all items that can be collected are eligible for a margin scheme.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for works of art, antiques or collectors\u2019 items imported from outside the European Economic Area (EEA) and works of art bought directly from the creator or their heirs.

    ", + "

    Margin schemes and standard VAT

    ", + "

    If some of the items you buy and sell are not eligible for a margin scheme, you pay and charge VAT for those items in the normal way.

    ", + "

    You cannot include any of the following in your calculations when using a margin scheme:

    ", + "
  • business overheads
    • ", + "
  • repairs
    • ", + "
  • parts or accessories
    • ", + "

    Instead, reclaim these on your VAT return in the normal way.

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure about a particular item.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    You must keep the usual VAT records when you use a margin scheme.

    ", + "

    You must also keep:

    ", + "
  • a stockbook that tracks each item sold under the margin scheme individually
    • ", + "
  • copies of purchase and sales invoices for all items
    • ", + "

    Stockbook

    ", + "

    You must record certain information for each item you buy and sell that you want to use a margin scheme for.

    ", + "Purchases | Sales", + "Stock number in numerical sequence | -", + "Date of purchase | Date of sale", + "Purchase invoice number (unless you made out the purchase invoice yourself) | Sales invoice number", + "Purchase price | Selling price, or method of disposal", + "Name of seller | Name of buyer", + "Description of the item | -", + "- | Margin on sale (sales price less purchase price)", + "- | VAT due (16.67% or one-sixth)", + "

    You must keep VAT records for 6 years. You have to keep records until you sell the item for any stock you bought more than 6 years ago that you plan to sell under the margin scheme.

    ", + "

    Invoices

    ", + "

    To use the margin scheme, you must have invoices for each item that meet the VAT margin scheme requirements.

    ", + "

    The margin scheme invoice requirements are not the same as the general VAT invoice requirements.

    ", + "

    You must have:

    ", + "
  • an invoice from the seller when you bought the item
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the invoice you gave to the buyer when you sold the item
    • ", + "

    Buying

    ", + "

    When you buy something you plan to sell under a margin scheme, you must get an invoice from the seller that includes:

    ", + "
  • date
    • ", + "
  • seller\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • your name and address, or that of your business
    • ", + "
  • the item\u2019s unique stockbook number (if you bought the item from another VAT-registered business)
    • ", + "
  • invoice number (unless you made out the purchase invoice yourself)
    • ", + "
  • item description
    • ", + "
  • total price - you must not add any other costs to this price
    • ", + "
  • if you bought the item from another VAT-registered business, any of the following: \u2018margin scheme - second hand goods\u2019, \u2018margin scheme - works of art\u2019 or \u2018margin scheme - collectors\u2019 items and antiques\u2019
    • ", + "

    Selling

    ", + "

    When you sell something you plan to claim for under a VAT margin scheme, you must give the buyer an invoice that includes:

    ", + "
  • date
    • ", + "
  • your name, address and VAT registration number
    • ", + "
  • the buyer\u2019s name and address, or that of their business
    • ", + "
  • the item\u2019s unique stock book number
    • ", + "
  • invoice number
    • ", + "
  • item description
    • ", + "
  • total price - you must not show VAT separately
    • ", + "
  • any of the following: \u2018margin scheme - second hand goods\u2019, \u2018margin scheme - works of art\u2019 or \u2018margin scheme - collectors\u2019 items and antiques\u2019
    • ", + "

    There are special rules for using the margin scheme for imports and exports outside the UK. Find out more about the rules.

    ", + "

    VAT return

    ", + "

    You must show any goods you bought or sold using a margin scheme on your VAT return.

    ", + "

    Filling in your VAT return

    ", + "Box on the VAT return form | What to fill in", + "Box 1 | Include the output tax due on all eligible goods sold in the period covered by the return", + "Box 6 | Include the full selling price of all eligible goods sold in the period, less any VAT due on the margin", + "Box 7 | Include the full purchase price of eligible goods bought in the period", + "

    You do not have to include margin scheme purchases or sales in boxes 8 and 9 of your VAT return.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "VAT record keeping", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-record-keeping", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    VAT-registered businesses must:

    ", + "
  • keep records of sales and purchases
    • ", + "
  • keep a separate summary of VAT called a VAT account
    • ", + "
  • issue correct VAT invoices
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    VAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve signed up for Making Tax Digital for VAT, the records you need to keep are the same as any VAT-registered business but you\u2019ll need to keep some of them digitally.

    ", + "

    How to keep VAT records

    ", + "

    You must keep VAT records for at least 6 years (or 10 years if you used the VAT MOSS service).

    ", + "

    You can keep VAT records on paper, electronically or as part of a software program (such as book-keeping software). Records must be accurate, complete and readable.

    ", + "

    If your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, you must keep a digital record of anything that\u2019s needed for your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lost a VAT invoice or it is damaged and no longer readable, ask the supplier for a duplicate (marked \u2018duplicate\u2019).

    ", + "

    HMRC can visit your business to inspect your record keeping and charge you a penalty if your records are not in order.

    ", + "

    You can hire a professional (such as an accountant) if you need help with your VAT.

    ", + "

    VAT invoices

    ", + "

    Only VAT-registered businesses can issue VAT invoices and you must:

    ", + "
  • issue and keep valid invoices - these can be paper or electronic
    • ", + "
  • keep copies of all the sales invoices you issue even if you cancel them or produce one by mistake
    • ", + "
  • keep all purchase invoices for items you buy
    • ", + "

    Valid invoices

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll use a full VAT invoice for most transactions. You can use:

    ", + "
  • a modified invoice for retail supplies over \u00a3250
    • ", + "
  • a simplified invoice for retail supplies under \u00a3250 - and for other supplies from 1 January 2013
    • ", + "

    You cannot reclaim VAT using an invalid invoice, pro-forma invoice, statement or delivery note.

    ", + "

    Include the following on your invoice, depending on which type you use.

    ", + "Invoice information | Full invoice | Simplified invoice | Modified invoice", + "Unique invoice number that follows on from the last invoice | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Your business name and address | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Your VAT number | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Date | Yes | No | Yes", + "The tax point (or \u2018time of supply\u2019) if this is different from the invoice date | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Customer\u2019s name or trading name, and address | Yes | No | Yes", + "Description of the goods or services | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Total amount excluding VAT | Yes | No | Yes", + "Total amount of VAT | Yes | No | Yes", + "Price per item, excluding VAT | Yes | No | Yes", + "Quantity of each type of item | Yes | No | Yes", + "Rate of any discount per item | Yes | No | Yes", + "Rate of VAT charged per item - if an item is exempt or zero-rated make clear no VAT on these items | Yes | Yes (1) | Yes", + "Total amount including VAT | No | Yes (1) | Yes", + "

    (1) If items are charged at different VAT rates, then show this for each.

    ", + "

    Accounting schemes

    ", + "

    If you use the Cash Accounting Scheme you have to stamp an invoice with the amount of cash paid and the date.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for record keeping and invoicing if you use a VAT Margin Scheme.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    Usually VAT invoices must be issued within 30 days of the date of supply or the date of payment (if you\u2019re paid in advance).

    ", + "

    International trade

    ", + "

    You do not have to show all amounts on your invoices in sterling. If you issue VAT invoices in a foreign currency or language, you must:

    ", + "
  • show the total VAT payable in sterling on your VAT invoice if the supply takes place in the UK
    • ", + "
  • be able to provide an English translation of any invoice within 30 days if asked to do so by a visiting VAT officer
    • ", + "

    Converting to sterling

    ", + "

    To convert to sterling you can:

    ", + "
  • use the market selling rate at the time of supply
    • ", + "
  • use the European Central Bank\u2019s rate
    • ", + "
  • use HMRC\u2019s period rates of exchange - the rates usually stay the same for each calendar month
    • ", + "
  • apply to HMRC to use a different method to account for the VAT
    • ", + "

    There are different rules if you use the Tour Operator\u2019s Scheme.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You do not need to issue a VAT invoice if:

    ", + "
  • your invoice is only for exempt or zero-rated sales within the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re giving goods as a gift
    • ", + "
  • you sell goods under a VAT second-hand margin scheme
    • ", + "
  • your customer operates a self-billing arrangement
    • ", + "

    VAT records

    ", + "

    Records you must keep include:

    ", + "
  • copies of all invoices you issue
    • ", + "
  • all invoices you receive (originals or electronic copies)
    • ", + "
  • self-billing agreements - this is where the customer prepares the invoice
    • ", + "
  • name, address and VAT number of any self-billing suppliers
    • ", + "
  • debit or credit notes
    • ", + "
  • import and export records
    • ", + "
  • records of items you cannot reclaim VAT on - for example business entertainment
    • ", + "
  • records of any goods you give away or take from stock for your private use
    • ", + "
  • records of all the zero-rated, reduced or VAT exempt items you buy or sell
    • ", + "
  • a VAT account
    • ", + "

    You must also keep general business records such as bank statements, cash books, cheque stubs, paying-in slips and till rolls.

    ", + "

    If you use the Cash Accounting Scheme you must use these records to match them against your payment records and receipts.

    ", + "

    If you supply digital services in the EU and use VAT MOSS, you must keep additional records.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.

    ", + "

    Keeping digital records

    ", + "

    VAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.

    ", + "

    Retailers

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a retailer you do not have to issue VAT invoices unless a customer asks for one. Keep a copy if you do. Retailers can issue \u2018simplified invoices\u2019 for supplies under \u00a3250.

    ", + "

    Debit and credit notes

    ", + "

    When you return goods to a supplier or a customer returns goods to you, the balance of payment can be settled with a credit or debit note.

    ", + "

    Record these in your accounts and keep any original notes.

    ", + "

    VAT records for Making Tax Digital

    ", + "

    VAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 by keeping some records digitally, unless:

    ", + "
  • your business uses the VAT GIANT service, for example if you\u2019re a government department or an NHS Trust
    • ", + "
  • you apply for an exemption
    • ", + "

    You can choose to sign up to Making Tax Digital for VAT if your business earns less than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    From 1 April 2022 all VAT registered businesses must sign up, whatever they earn.

    ", + "

    Records you must keep digitally

    ", + "

    You need to keep the following records digitally:

    ", + "
  • your business name, address and VAT registration number
    • ", + "
  • any VAT accounting schemes you use
    • ", + "
  • the VAT on goods and services you supply, for example everything you sell, lease, transfer or hire out (supplies made)
    • ", + "
  • the VAT on goods and services you receive, for example everything you buy, lease, rent or hire (supplies received)
    • ", + "
  • any adjustments you make to a return
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018time of supply\u2019 and \u2018value of supply\u2019 (value excluding VAT) for everything you buy and sell
    • ", + "
  • the rate of VAT charged on goods and services you supply
    • ", + "
  • reverse charge transactions - where you record the VAT on both the sale price and the purchase price of goods and services you buy
    • ", + "
  • your total daily gross takings if you use a retail scheme
    • ", + "
  • items you can reclaim VAT on if you use the Flat Rate Scheme
    • ", + "
  • your total sales, and the VAT on those sales, if you trade in gold and use the Gold Accounting Scheme
    • ", + "

    You also need to keep digital copies of documents that cover multiple transactions made on behalf of your business by:

    ", + "
  • volunteers for charity fundraising
    • ", + "
  • a third party business
    • ", + "
  • employees for expenses in petty cash
    • ", + "

    You must add all your transactions to your digital records, but you do not need to scan paper records like invoices or receipts.

    ", + "

    How to keep digital records

    ", + "

    You need to use a compatible software package or other software (like spreadsheets) that connect to HMRC systems.

    ", + "

    If you use more than one software package to keep records and submit returns, you need to link them.

    ", + "

    Some ways you can link your software include:

    ", + "
  • using formulas to link cells in spreadsheets
    • ", + "
  • emailing records
    • ", + "
  • putting records on a portable device to give to your agent
    • ", + "
  • importing and exporting XML and CSV files
    • ", + "
  • downloading and uploading files
    • ", + "

    You must have links between the software you use by your first VAT period after 1 April 2021.

    ", + "

    When to send your VAT return

    ", + "

    The deadlines for sending your VAT returns will not change after you sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT.

    ", + "

    To see when your next return is due, sign in to your VAT online account.

    ", + "

    How to sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT

    ", + "

    How you sign up depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a business
    • ", + "
  • an agent acting for a client
    • ", + "

    Sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT

    ", + "

    You must sign up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 if your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, so you can:

    ", + "
  • keep digital records
    • ", + "
  • submit your business\u2019s VAT return using compatible software
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to sign up if you\u2019re an agent.

    ", + "

    Before you start

    ", + "

    You must have compatible software before you sign up.

    ", + "

    What you need

    ", + "

    To sign up you need:

    ", + "
  • your business email address
    • ", + "
  • a Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you use the service
    • ", + "
  • your VAT registration number and latest VAT return
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need:

    ", + "
  • your National Insurance number if you\u2019re a sole trader
    • ", + "
  • your company registration number and Unique Taxpayer Reference if you\u2019re a limited company or registered society
    • ", + "
  • your Unique Taxpayer Reference and the postcode where you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment if you\u2019re a general partnership
    • ", + "
  • your Unique Taxpayer Reference, the postcode where you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment and your company\u2019s registration number if you\u2019re a limited partnership
    • ", + "

    When to sign up

    ", + "

    If you already pay by Direct Debit do not sign up too close to the date your return is due, or you may pay twice.

    ", + "

    To avoid this, do not sign up less than:

    ", + "
  • 7 days before your return is due
    • ", + "
  • 5 days after your return is due
    • ", + "

    If you do not pay by Direct Debit, sign up at least 3 days before your return is due.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re finding it difficult to access the service, check if there\u2019s a technical issue or other known problem.

    ", + "

    Sign up now

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve signed up

    ", + "

    You should get a confirmation email from noreply@tax.service.gov.uk within 3 days of signing up. It might go to your spam folder.

    ", + "

    Do not submit a VAT Return until you get a confirmation email.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you do not get an email.

    ", + "

    VAT account

    ", + "

    You must keep a separate record of the VAT you charge and the VAT you pay on your purchases. This record is called a \u2018VAT account\u2019.

    ", + "

    You use the figures in your VAT account to complete your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    There are no rules on what a VAT account should look like, but it must show:

    ", + "
  • your total VAT sales
    • ", + "
  • your total VAT purchases
    • ", + "
  • the VAT you owe HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • the VAT you can reclaim from HMRC
    • ", + "
  • if your business uses the VAT Flat Rate Scheme - the flat rate percentage and turnover it applies to
    • ", + "

    If you are registered for VAT in Northern Ireland, you must also show the VAT on any EU purchases or sales.

    ", + "

    Errors

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve made an error in your VAT Return the VAT account must show:

    ", + "
  • the date you discovered the error
    • ", + "
  • details about the error - for example how it happened, how you corrected it
    • ", + "

    You may also need to report the error to HMRC.

    ", + "

    Bad debts

    ", + "

    If you write off an invoice as a bad debt, you must keep a separate \u2018VAT bad debt account\u2019. The debt must be older than 6 months and for each bad debt you must show:

    ", + "
  • total amount of VAT involved
    • ", + "
  • amount written off and any payments you\u2019ve received
    • ", + "
  • the VAT you\u2019re claiming on the debt
    • ", + "
  • the VAT period(s) you paid the VAT and are claiming the relief
    • ", + "
  • invoices details like date, customer name
    • ", + "

    You must keep this information for 4 years.

    ", + "

    Time of supply or tax point

    ", + "

    The tax point (or \u2018time of supply\u2019) for a transaction is the date the transaction takes place for VAT purposes.

    ", + "

    You need to know this because, for example:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s included on VAT invoices
    • ", + "
  • it tells you which VAT period the transaction belongs to
    • ", + "
  • it tells you which VAT Return to put the transaction on
    • ", + "

    The tax point can vary, but is usually the following.

    ", + "Situation | Tax point", + "No invoice needed | Date of supply", + "VAT invoice issued | Date of invoice", + "VAT invoice issued 15 days or more after the date of supply | Date the supply took place", + "Payment or invoice issued in advance of supply | Date of payment or invoice (whichever is earlier)", + "Payment in advance of supply and no VAT invoice yet issued | Date payment received", + "

    The date of supply is:

    ", + "
  • for goods - the date they\u2019re sent, collected or made available (for example installed in the customer\u2019s house)
    • ", + "
  • for services - the date the work is finished
    • ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    If you use the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme, the tax point is always the date the payment is received.

    ", + "

    There are different tax point rules for:

    ", + "
  • certain trades - like barristers, building and construction
    • ", + "
  • where the supply is not a \u2018sale\u2019 \u2013 for example business items taken for personal use
    • ", + "

    Sometimes, one sale can give rise to 2 or more tax points - for example where the customer pays a deposit in advance, and then a final payment.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "VAT retail schemes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-retail-schemes", + "contents": [ + "

    How VAT retail schemes work

    ", + "

    If you sell goods you must calculate how much VAT to record in your VAT account.

    ", + "

    For goods sold inclusive of VAT, you must deduct the VAT you have to record. For goods sold exclusive of VAT, you must add it.

    ", + "

    VAT retail schemes can make calculating your VAT simpler. Instead of calculating the VAT for each sale you make, you do it once with each VAT return.

    ", + "

    There are 3 standard VAT retail schemes:

    ", + "
  • Point of Sale Scheme - you identify and record the VAT at the time of sale
    • ", + "
  • Apportionment Scheme - you buy goods for resale
    • ", + "
  • Direct Calculation Scheme - you make a small proportion of sales at one VAT rate and the majority at another rate
    • ", + "

    If your turnover excluding VAT is over \u00a3130 million you must agree a bespoke retail scheme with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You can use a retail scheme together with the Cash Accounting Scheme and the Annual Accounting Scheme.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use retail schemes with the Flat Rate Scheme.

    ", + "

    Joining and using a scheme

    ", + "

    You can join a retail scheme at the beginning of any VAT period. You don\u2019t need to tell HMRC.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to you which scheme you join. The calculations you have to do vary for each scheme.

    ", + "

    You must provide an individual VAT invoice if a customer asks for one.

    ", + "

    Changing and leaving a scheme

    ", + "

    You can leave a scheme at the end of any VAT period. If your turnover rises above \u00a3130 million you\u2019ll have to leave the scheme immediately.

    ", + "

    You can change to another scheme after 1 year of joining a scheme.

    ", + "

    Caterers, pharmacists and florists

    ", + "

    There are separate rules if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • caterer
    • ", + "
  • pharmacist
    • ", + "
  • florist
    • ", + "

    Point of Sale Scheme

    ", + "

    Who can use it

    ", + "

    You can use this scheme if you can identify the VAT rate for goods sold at the time of sale, eg you have an electronic till that does this for you.

    ", + "

    How to calculate your VAT

    ", + "
  • Add up all the sales for each VAT rate for the VAT return period.
    • ", + "
  • For 20% rated goods, divide the sales by 6. For 5% rated goods, divide the sales by 21.
    • ", + "

    Apportionment Scheme

    ", + "

    Who can use it

    ", + "

    You can only use this scheme if you buy goods for resale.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use apportionment if you provide:

    ", + "
  • services
    • ", + "
  • goods that you\u2019ve made or grown yourself
    • ", + "
  • catering services
    • ", + "

    Your turnover, excluding VAT, can\u2019t be more than \u00a31 million a year.

    ", + "

    There is a separate scheme for businesses with a turnover of between \u00a31 and \u00a3130 million.

    ", + "

    How to calculate your VAT

    ", + "
  • Calculate the total value of goods purchased for resale in the VAT period for each VAT rate.
    • ", + "
  • Divide the total of purchases for each VAT rate by the total for all purchases.
    • ", + "
  • Multiply the outcome by your total sales, divided by 6 for 20% rated goods, and divided by 21 for 5% rated goods.
    • ", + "

    Direct Calculation Scheme

    ", + "

    Who can use it

    ", + "

    You might want to use this scheme if you make a small proportion of sales at one VAT rate and the majority at another rate.

    ", + "

    Your turnover, excluding VAT, can\u2019t be more than \u00a31 million a year.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate scheme for businesses with a turnover of between \u00a31 million and \u00a3130 million.

    ", + "

    How to calculate your VAT

    ", + "
  • Calculate the expected selling prices (ESPs) for your minority or majority goods. Use the one that\u2019s easier.
    • ", + "
  • Total up the ESP for the VAT period.
    • ", + "
  • If your goods are standard rated at 20% divide the total ESP by 6. If they\u2019re zero rated, deduct the total ESP from your total sales. This will give you your sales at 20%. Then divide by 6.
    • ", + "
  • If you have reduced-rate (5%) goods deduct the ESP of this from your sales before calculating your VAT at 20%. Then calculate the VAT due on reduced-rate goods by dividing the ESP of these by 21. Add this figure to your 20% VAT to get total VAT due.
    • ", + "

    You must make an annual stock adjustment if your annual turnover is between \u00a31 million and \u00a3130 million.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "State Pension if you retire abroad", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/state-pension-if-you-retire-abroad", + "contents": [ + "

    Claim State Pension abroad

    ", + "

    You can claim State Pension abroad if you\u2019ve paid enough UK National Insurance contributions to qualify.

    ", + "

    Get a State Pension forecast if you need to find out how much State Pension you may get.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    You must be within 4 months of your State Pension age to claim.

    ", + "

    To claim your pension, you can either:

    ", + "
  • contact the International Pension Centre
    • ", + "
  • send the international claim form to the International Pension Centre (the address is on the form)
    • ", + "

    If you live part of the year abroad

    ", + "

    You must choose which country you want your pension to be paid in. You cannot be paid in one country for part of the year and another for the rest of the year.

    ", + "

    Bank accounts your pension can be paid into

    ", + "

    Your State Pension can be paid into:

    ", + "
  • a bank in the country you\u2019re living in
    • ", + "
  • a bank or building society in the UK
    • ", + "

    You can use:

    ", + "
  • an account in your name
    • ", + "
  • a joint account
    • ", + "
  • someone else\u2019s account - if you have their permission and keep to the terms and conditions of the account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the international bank account number (IBAN) and bank identification code (BIC) numbers if you have an overseas account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be paid in local currency - the amount you get may change due to exchange rates.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll get paid

    ", + "

    You can choose to be paid every 4 or 13 weeks.

    ", + "

    If your State Pension is under \u00a35 per week, you\u2019ll be paid once a year in December.

    ", + "

    Delays to payments around US bank holidays

    ", + "

    If you live abroad and your payment is due in the same week as a US bank holiday, it could arrive one day late. This is because a US company processes these payments.

    ", + "

    How your pension is affected

    ", + "

    Your State Pension will only increase each year if you live in:

    ", + "
  • the European Economic Area (EEA)
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • countries that have a social security agreement with the UK (but you cannot get increases in Canada or New Zealand)
    • ", + "

    You will not get yearly increases if you live outside these countries.

    ", + "

    Your pension will go up to the current rate if you return to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    Get advice

    ", + "

    Contact the International Pension Centre if you want advice on how your pension might be affected if you\u2019ve already retired and are thinking of moving abroad.

    ", + "

    Paying tax

    ", + "

    How much tax you\u2019ll pay and where you pay it depends on where you\u2019re considered to be a resident.

    ", + "

    UK residents

    ", + "

    You may have to pay UK tax on your State Pension if you live abroad but are classed as a UK resident for tax purposes. The amount you pay depends on your income.

    ", + "

    Overseas residents

    ", + "

    You may be taxed on your State Pension by the UK and the country where you live. \nIf you pay tax twice, you can usually claim tax relief to get all or some of it back.

    ", + "

    If the country you live in has a \u2018double taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK, you\u2019ll only pay tax on your pension once. This may be to the UK or the country where you live, depending on that country\u2019s tax agreement.

    ", + "

    Report a change in your circumstances

    ", + "

    Report changes (such as a change of address or bank details) to the International Pension Centre by phone or in writing - do not send changes by email.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to fill in a \u2018life certificate\u2019

    ", + "

    You may get a \u2018life certificate\u2019 form from the Department for Work and Pensions to check you\u2019re still eligible for the State Pension.

    ", + "

    You need to get the form signed by a witness. The instructions are on the form.

    ", + "

    Your witness does not have to live in the UK or have a passport from any specific country.

    ", + "

    The people who can sign the form are the same as those who can \u2018countersign\u2019 a passport photo.

    ", + "

    Your payments may be suspended if you do not send the form back.

    ", + "

    Returning to the UK

    ", + "

    Contact the Pension Service - you need your return date and contact details, both abroad and in the UK.

    ", + "

    Call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to say you\u2019re returning to the UK.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Taking your pet dog, cat or ferret abroad", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-your-pet-abroad", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When travelling with your pet dog, cat or ferret abroad, what you need to do will depend on what country you\u2019re going to.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for travelling with your pet to an EU country or Northern Ireland and for taking your pet to a non-EU country.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s different guidance if you\u2019re bringing your pet dog, cat or ferret to the UK.

    ", + "

    Travelling to an EU country or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You can no longer use a pet passport issued in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) for travel to an EU country or Northern Ireland. You can still use a pet passport issued in an EU country or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    When travelling to an EU country or Northern Ireland, your pet needs:

    ", + "
  • a microchip
    • ", + "
  • a valid rabies vaccination
    • ", + "
  • an animal health certificate unless you have a pet passport issued in an EU country or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • tapeworm treatment for dogs if you\u2019re travelling directly to Finland, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Norway or Malta
    • ", + "

    These requirements also apply to assistance dogs.

    ", + "

    Check the rules of the country you\u2019re travelling to for any additional restrictions or requirements before you travel.

    ", + "

    Travelling from Great Britain to Northern Ireland in early 2021

    ", + "

    If you have a pet passport issued in Northern Ireland, contact your vet for advice before travelling.

    ", + "

    You can also read about changes to pet travel on the NIDirect website.

    ", + "

    Arriving in an EU country or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to go through a travellers\u2019 point of entry when you arrive in an EU country or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You may need to show your pet\u2019s animal health certificate along with proof of their:

    ", + "
  • microchip
    • ", + "
  • rabies vaccination
    • ", + "
  • tapeworm treatment (if required)
    • ", + "

    Repeat trips to an EU country or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Your pet will need a new animal health certificate for each trip to an EU country or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Your pet will not need a repeat rabies vaccination so long as it\u2019s rabies vaccinations are up to date.

    ", + "

    Your dog will need tapeworm treatment for each trip if you\u2019re travelling directly to Finland, Ireland, Malta, Northern Ireland or Norway.

    ", + "

    Travelling with more than 5 pets

    ", + "

    You cannot take more than 5 pets to an EU country or Northern Ireland unless you\u2019re attending or training for a:

    ", + "
  • competition
    • ", + "
  • show
    • ", + "
  • sporting event
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need written evidence of registration for the event when you travel.

    ", + "

    All your pets must:

    ", + "
  • be attending the event or training
    • ", + "
  • be over 6 months old
    • ", + "
  • meet all the other requirements for pet travel to that country
    • ", + "

    Exporting pets for commercial purposes

    ", + "

    Read the Border Operating Model if you want to export pets to an EU country or Northern Ireland for commercial reasons such as change of ownership.

    ", + "

    Travelling to a non-EU country

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to a non-EU country, you\u2019ll need to get an export health certificate (EHC). You\u2019ll also need to complete an export application form (EXA) if you\u2019re in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    The export health certificate and the export application form for each country and pet will tell you how to apply.

    ", + "

    An EHC checks that your pet meets the health requirements of the country you\u2019re travelling to.

    ", + "

    You must nominate an official vet who will be sent the EHC. They\u2019ll check your pet has met the correct health and identification requirements before you travel.

    ", + "

    Check the rules of the country you\u2019re travelling to for any additional restrictions or requirements before you travel.

    ", + "

    Getting an animal health certificate

    ", + "

    You need an animal health certificate for your dog, cat or ferret if you\u2019re travelling from Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) to an EU country or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You do not need an animal health certificate if you have a pet passport issued in an EU country or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    How to get an animal health certificate

    ", + "

    You must take your pet to your vet to get an animal health certificate. You need to do this no more than 10 days before you travel.

    ", + "

    The certificate needs to be signed by an \u2018official veterinarian\u2019 (OV). Check your vet can issue animal health certificates. If they cannot, ask them to help you find an OV.

    ", + "

    When you visit your vet, you\u2019ll need to take proof of your pet\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • microchipping date
    • ", + "
  • vaccination history
    • ", + "

    Your pet\u2019s animal health certificate will be valid after the date of issue for:

    ", + "
  • 10 days for entry into the EU or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • 4 months for onward travel within the EU
    • ", + "
  • 4 months for re-entry to Great Britain
    • ", + "

    Your pet will need a new animal health certificate for each trip to an EU country or Northern Ireland from Great Britain.

    ", + "

    Microchip

    ", + "

    You must get your pet microchipped before, or at the same time as, their rabies vaccination. If you do not, they\u2019ll need to be vaccinated again.

    ", + "

    Microchipping for pet travel can only be done by:

    ", + "
  • a vet
    • ", + "
  • a vet nurse, student vet or student vet nurse (directed by a vet)
    • ", + "
  • someone trained in microchipping before 29 December 2014, and with practical experience
    • ", + "
  • someone who has been assessed on an approved training course - contact the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs\n (DAERA) if the course was in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Make sure your vet puts the microchip number in your animal health certificate. The date must be before your pet\u2019s vaccinations.

    ", + "

    Reading the microchip

    ", + "

    Airlines, train and ferry companies in the EU can read microchips that meet International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards ISO 11784 and ISO 11785.

    ", + "

    You may have to bring your own microchip reader when you travel if your pet\u2019s microchip does not meet ISO standards. You should check with your travel company before you leave.

    ", + "

    If the microchip cannot be read

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to do all the preparation again if your vet cannot read the microchip. This means you\u2019ll have to ask your vet to:

    ", + "
  • rechip your pet
    • ", + "
  • revaccinate your pet
    • ", + "
  • issue a new animal health certificate if you\u2019re travelling to the EU or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • record new microchips in the \u2018Marking of animals\u2019 section of the new animal health certificate
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to wait the required time before you can travel if your pet is revaccinated or has new blood tests.

    ", + "

    If the microchip can only sometimes be read

    ", + "

    Your vet should try to read the microchip. If they get a reading, they can rechip your pet (the original chip is not removed).

    ", + "

    This must be recorded in the animal health certificate in the \u2018Marking of animals\u2019 section with:

    ", + "
  • the number of the old and new chips
    • ", + "
  • the date they were read
    • ", + "
  • the date the new chip was inserted
    • ", + "

    The vet must sign and stamp the page in the animal health certificate.

    ", + "

    Your vet should record in the \u2018Others\u2019 section of the animal health certificate that your pet has been rechipped.

    ", + "

    Tattoo

    ", + "

    You do not need to have your pet microchipped if it\u2019s been tattooed with an identification number and all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re travelling to the EU or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • your pet was tattooed on or before 3 July 2011
    • ", + "
  • the tattoo is clearly legible
    • ", + "
  • your pet was vaccinated against rabies after it was tattooed
    • ", + "

    Your vet must record the date of tattooing, the tattoo number and the date of the rabies vaccination in the animal health certificate.

    ", + "

    Rabies vaccination, boosters and blood tests

    ", + "

    You must get your dog, cat or ferret vaccinated against rabies before it can travel. Your vet needs proof that your pet\u2019s at least 12 weeks old before vaccinating them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking your pet to the EU or Northern Ireland, you must wait 21 days after the primary vaccination before you travel.

    ", + "

    You must get your pet microchipped before, or at the same time as, their rabies vaccination. If you do not, they\u2019ll need to be vaccinated again.

    ", + "

    The vaccine must be an inactivated vaccine or recombinant vaccine that\u2019s approved in the country of use.

    ", + "

    Booster vaccinations

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling with your pet, you must get regular rabies booster vaccinations for your pet. Check your animal health certificate to find out when the booster vaccination is due.

    ", + "

    You will not need to get repeat vaccinations for repeat trips to the EU or Northern Ireland if your pet\u2019s rabies vaccination is up to date.

    ", + "

    Vaccination record

    ", + "

    Your pet\u2019s vaccination record in their animal health certificate must show:

    ", + "
  • your pet\u2019s date of birth
    • ", + "
  • microchip number, date it was put in or read, and where it is on your pet\u2019s body
    • ", + "
  • vaccination date
    • ", + "
  • vaccine manufacturer and product name
    • ", + "
  • vaccine batch number
    • ", + "
  • date the vaccination is valid until
    • ", + "
  • the vet\u2019s signature and contact details
    • ", + "

    Your pet can be stopped from travelling if the details in their animal health certificate are in the wrong place.

    ", + "

    Tapeworm treatment for dogs

    ", + "

    A vet must treat your dog for tapeworm and record it in the animal health certificate if you\u2019re travelling directly to:

    ", + "
  • Finland
    • ", + "
  • Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "

    The treatment must have been given no less than 24 hours and no more than 120 hours (5 days) before you arrive.

    ", + "

    The treatment must:

    ", + "
  • be approved for use in the country it\u2019s being given in
    • ", + "
  • contain praziquantel or an equivalent proven to be effective against the Echinococcus multilocularis tapeworm
    • ", + "

    Short trips

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re leaving Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) for a short trip to visit countries other than Finland, Ireland, Malta, Northern Ireland or Norway, you could have your dog treated by a vet before you go.

    ", + "

    You must wait for 24 hours before re-entering Great Britain and return within 120 hours or you\u2019ll need to get another treatment abroad.

    ", + "

    Information your vet needs to record

    ", + "

    Check the vet has put the following details in the \u2018Echinococcus treatment\u2019 section of your dog\u2019s pet animal health certificate:

    ", + "
  • the name and manufacturer of the product
    • ", + "
  • the date and time they treated your dog
    • ", + "
  • their stamp and signature
    • ", + "

    Help and support

    ", + "

    You can contact the Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) if you\u2019ve got questions or need more information.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to the EU or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Contact the Pet Travel Scheme helpline if you need more information about pet travel.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to a non-EU country

    ", + "

    Contact APHA if you need more information about pet travel to a non-EU country.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get a passport urgently", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-a-passport-urgently", + "contents": [ + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can pay for a faster service if you need a passport within the next 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You need to book a passport office appointment and pay online. You can book an appointment up to 3 weeks in advance.

    ", + "

    If you need a passport to travel urgently for medical treatment or because a friend or family member is seriously ill or has died, call the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 instead.

    ", + "

    Check current coronavirus (COVID-19) travel advice before travelling. If your passport application is successful, it does not mean you\u2019re currently allowed to travel.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for a faster service if you\u2019re in the UK and need to renew or replace a passport, or get a first child passport.

    ", + "

    Use the non-urgent service if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying for a first adult passport
    • ", + "
  • you do not need your passport within the next 3 weeks
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK, apply for an emergency travel document.

    ", + "

    Track your passport application if you\u2019ve already applied for a passport and have not received it. Do not pay for an urgent passport - you will not get your passport sooner or get a refund.

    ", + "

    Ways to apply

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways to apply for an urgent passport.

    ", + "

    As part of the application, you\u2019ll need to attend an appointment at your nearest passport office.

    ", + "

    Online Premium

    ", + "

    You get your new passport at your appointment. Appointments last up to 30 minutes.

    ", + "

    You can use this service to renew an adult passport.

    ", + "

    Use the Online Premium service.

    ", + "

    1 week Fast Track

    ", + "

    Your new passport is delivered to your home within 1 week of your appointment. Someone might need to be in to sign for it.

    ", + "

    You can use this service to:

    ", + "
  • renew an adult or child passport
    • ", + "
  • change your name on your passport (for example with a marriage certificate or deed poll)
    • ", + "
  • make changes to your personal details on your passport (for example, your gender)
    • ", + "
  • replace a lost, stolen or damaged passport
    • ", + "
  • apply for a first child passport
    • ", + "

    Use the 1 week Fast Track service.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online

    ", + "

    You can book your appointment and pay by calling the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019.

    ", + "

    Online Premium service

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll apply, pay and book an appointment online. The earliest you can get an appointment is 2 days from when you apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your new passport at your appointment. Appointments can last up to 30 minutes.

    ", + "

    Do not book an appointment if you\u2019re self-isolating or you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3177 (or \u00a3187 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport).

    ", + "

    You can only use Online Premium to renew an adult passport that was issued after 31 December 2001.

    ", + "

    Apply, book an appointment and pay

    ", + "

    To use the Online Premium service you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your old passport
    • ", + "
  • a device that takes digital photos (like a smartphone, tablet or digital camera) and someone to take your photo
    • ", + "
  • a digital photo of you
    • ", + "

    Apply, book an appointment and pay

    ", + "

    What to bring to your appointment

    ", + "

    You need to bring your old passport.

    ", + "

    You can ask someone else to go to your appointment for you. They\u2019ll need to bring:

    ", + "
  • your old passport
    • ", + "
  • a signed and dated letter from you, naming them and giving them permission to collect the passport
    • ", + "
  • their ID (for example passport, driving licence, or utility bill that\u2019s less than 3 months old)
    • ", + "

    Changing your appointment

    ", + "

    Call the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 to reschedule your appointment.

    ", + "

    Do not go to your appointment if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because of COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has COVID-19 symptoms
    • ", + "

    1 week Fast Track service

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3142 for an adult passport (or \u00a3152 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport)
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3122 for a child passport (or \u00a3132 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport)
    • ", + "

    You can use 1 week Fast Track to:

    ", + "
  • renew an adult or child passport that has expired or that is about to expire
    • ", + "
  • change personal details on your passport (for example your name, place of birth or gender)
    • ", + "
  • replace a lost, stolen or damaged passport
    • ", + "
  • apply for a first child passport
    • ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "
  • Get a paper application form from a Post Office - you cannot apply online.
    • ", + "
  • Book an appointment online and pay the fee.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in your application form and gather your documents before your appointment.
    • ", + "

    Book an appointment and pay by card

    ", + "

    When you have an application form, you can book an appointment online.

    ", + "

    Book an appointment and pay by card

    ", + "

    What to bring to your appointment

    ", + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • 2 identical printed passport photos
    • ", + "
  • your completed paper application form
    • ", + "
  • your supporting documents - read the booklet that comes with the paper form to find out what you need
    • ", + "

    If you cannot go to your appointment

    ", + "

    You can change your appointment or send someone in your place.

    ", + "

    Changing your appointment because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You can change your appointment at any time up to your appointment slot if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating
    • ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has COVID-19 or COVID-19 symptoms
    • ", + "

    Call the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 to change your appointment.

    ", + "

    Changing your appointment for another reason

    ", + "

    You can change your appointment if your booking is more than 2 days away. Use the link in the confirmation email you got after paying and booking.

    ", + "

    Sending someone in your place

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the UK, you can ask someone to go to your appointment for you. They\u2019ll need to bring:

    ", + "
  • your 2 identical printed passport photos
    • ", + "
  • your completed paper application form
    • ", + "
  • your supporting documents - read the booklet that comes with the paper form to find out what you need
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Getting your first adult passport", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-first-adult-passport", + "contents": [ + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for a first adult passport if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a British national
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re aged 16 or over (or will be in 3 weeks)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve never had a UK passport before
    • ", + "

    You must also apply if your last UK passport was issued before 1 January 1994.

    ", + "

    You can use your child passport until it expires, even if you\u2019re over 18.

    ", + "

    An adult passport is valid for 10 years.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow up to 10 weeks to get your passport.

    ", + "

    If you need a passport to travel urgently for medical treatment or because a friend or family member is seriously ill or has died, call the Passport Adviceline.

    ", + "

    Do not book travel until you get your passport.

    ", + "

    Ways to apply

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the UK, you can either:

    ", + "
  • apply online - it costs \u00a375.50
    • ", + "
  • apply with a paper form - it costs \u00a385
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Use the online service to get your passport.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to apply if you\u2019re overseas.

    ", + "

    What documents you need to apply

    ", + "

    You must send original documents. Photocopies are not accepted.

    ", + "

    If you do not have your original certificates (for example, your birth certificate), you need to get an official copy.

    ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh, you need to send a certified translation.

    ", + "

    You can send laminated documents if that\u2019s the only format they are issued in.

    ", + "

    You were born or adopted in the UK

    ", + "

    What documents you need depend on when you were born.

    ", + "

    Before 1 January 1983

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your full birth certificate or adoption certificate.

    ", + "

    On or after 1 January 1983

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your full birth certificate or adoption certificate and either:

    ", + "
  • your mother\u2019s or father\u2019s full UK birth certificate, or the Home Office certificate of registration or naturalisation, or a British passport belonging to one of your parents that was valid when you were born, or a British passport number for either parent
    • ", + "
  • evidence of one of your parents\u2019 immigration status in the UK at the time of your birth, for example a foreign passport belonging to one of your parents that was valid when you were born
    • ", + "

    If you send documents relating to your father, you must also send your parents\u2019 marriage certificate.

    ", + "

    You were born outside the UK

    ", + "

    What documents you need depend on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    You have a certificate of naturalisation or registration

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need both:

    ", + "
  • your naturalisation or registration certificate
    • ", + "
  • the passport you used to come into the UK or the foreign passport you\u2019re included on
    • ", + "

    Citizen of a British overseas territory and born before 1 January 1983

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need all of the following:

    ", + "
  • your birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • your current passport
    • ", + "
  • the passport you used to come into the UK or the foreign passport you\u2019re included on
    • ", + "

    Born before 1 January 1983 and your father was born in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need all of the following:

    ", + "
  • your full birth certificate showing your parents\u2019 details
    • ", + "
  • your father\u2019s birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • your parents\u2019 marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • the passport you used to come into the UK or foreign passport you\u2019re included on
    • ", + "

    Born on or after 1 January 1983

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need all of the following:

    ", + "
  • your full birth certificate showing your parents\u2019 details
    • ", + "
  • the passport you used to come into the UK or any foreign passport that you\u2019re included on
    • ", + "
  • evidence of one parent\u2019s British nationality, for example their UK birth or adoption, naturalisation or registration certificate
    • ", + "

    If these documents relate to your father, you must include the marriage certificate showing when he married your mother.

    ", + "

    Your circumstances are different

    ", + "

    If your circumstances are not listed, read the guidance booklet to find out what documents you\u2019ll need. If you apply online you\u2019ll be told what documents you need as part of your application.

    ", + "

    How your documents will be sent back

    ", + "

    The supporting documents will be returned separately from your passport. How you get them depends on the delivery option you choose when you fill in your application.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    To apply online you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a digital photo of you (or a device that takes digital photos and someone to take your photo)
    • ", + "
  • someone who can confirm your identity
    • ", + "
  • supporting documents
    • ", + "
  • a credit or debit card
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a375.50.

    ", + "

    Start your application

    ", + "

    Apply and pay for your passport online.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Ask someone to confirm your identity

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve paid and submitted your application, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your identity.

    ", + "

    Let the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.

    ", + "

    Find out who can confirm your identity and what they need to do.

    ", + "

    Send your documents

    ", + "

    After the person you asked has confirmed your identity, you\u2019ll receive an email explaining what documents you need to send and where to send them.

    ", + "

    After you apply, you may be asked to attend an interview.

    ", + "

    Apply with a paper form

    ", + "

    To apply with a paper form you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a filled-in application form
    • ", + "
  • 2 identical printed passport photos
    • ", + "
  • someone who can confirm your identity (a \u2018countersignatory\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • supporting documents
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a385. The booklet that comes with the form explains how to pay.

    ", + "

    It takes longer to apply by post than online.

    ", + "

    Fill in your application form

    ", + "

    You can get a paper application form from either:

    ", + "
  • a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • the Passport Adviceline
    • ", + "

    Fill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 9. Your countersignatory will need to fill in section 10.

    ", + "

    Read the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    Get a countersignatory

    ", + "

    You need to get someone else to confirm your identity (a \u2018countersignatory\u2019). They\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • fill in section 10 of your form
    • ", + "
  • sign and date one of your photos
    • ", + "

    Find out who can be a countersignatory and what they need to do.

    ", + "

    Gather your documents and send your application

    ", + "

    You need to send all of the following:

    ", + "
  • your filled-in application form
    • ", + "
  • your supporting documents
    • ", + "
  • your 2 passport photos (one of them signed and dated by your countersignatory)
    • ", + "

    To send in your form, documents and photos, you can either:

    ", + "
  • post them using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form
    • ", + "
  • take them to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "

    After you apply, you may be asked to attend an interview.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    Passport interviews

    ", + "

    After you apply, you may need to be interviewed to confirm your identity.

    ", + "

    Passport offices are temporarily closed and face-to-face interviews are suspended because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Video interviews are taking place online. If you need an interview, you\u2019ll be contacted after your application has been processed to book it.

    ", + "

    Getting your new passport and supporting documents

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive your new passport by courier or recorded delivery.

    ", + "

    The supporting documents will be returned separately from your passport. How you get them depends on the delivery option you choose when you fill in your application.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Renew or replace your adult passport", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renew-adult-passport", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a375.50 to renew or replace your passport if you apply online or \u00a385 if you fill in a paper form.

    ", + "

    You must be aged 16 or over (or turning 16 in the next 3 weeks) if you want an adult passport. There\u2019s a different process to get a passport for a child.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to renew or replace your passport if you\u2019re outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, you may need to renew your passport before you travel.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow up to 10 weeks to get your passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a passport urgently if you need one sooner.

    ", + "

    Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.

    ", + "

    Tracking your passport application

    ", + "

    You can track your passport application immediately if you apply online or after 10 weeks if you apply by post.

    ", + "

    Getting your new passport

    ", + "

    Your new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • post it through your letterbox
    • ", + "
  • hand it to you if you\u2019re home
    • ", + "
  • leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)
    • ", + "

    Renew

    ", + "

    If your passport has expired, you must renew it before you can travel.

    ", + "

    Do not book travel until you have a valid passport - your new passport will not have the same number as your old one.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if your passport is lost, stolen or damaged or you need to change your name or personal details.

    ", + "

    Renewing your passport before it expires

    ", + "

    You need at least 6 months left on your passport to travel to certain countries. Check the entry requirements of the country you\u2019re visiting to see how much time left you need on it.

    ", + "

    Time left on your old passport will not be added to your new one.

    ", + "

    Travelling to the EU, EEA or Switzerland

    ", + "

    On the day of travel to the\u00a0EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, you\u2019ll need your passport to both:

    ", + "
  • have at least 6 months left on it
    • ", + "
  • be less than 10 years old (even if it has 6 months or more left)
    • ", + "

    These rules do not apply to travel to Ireland. You can continue to use your passport as long as it\u2019s valid for the length of your stay.

    ", + "

    If your passport is burgundy or has \u2018European Union\u2019 on the cover, you can still use it as long as it has enough time left on it.

    ", + "

    Renew online

    ", + "

    Use this service to renew your passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a digital photo
    • ", + "
  • a credit or debit card
    • ", + "
  • your passport
    • ", + "

    Renew online

    ", + "

    Renew using a paper application form

    ", + "

    You can get a paper application form by either:

    ", + "
  • going to a Post Office that has a Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • calling the Passport Adviceline
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a385. You can pay by either:

    ", + "
  • debit or credit card - fill in the form in the application pack
    • ", + "
  • cheque - made payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Passport Office\u2019
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need 2 new and identical printed photos of yourself.

    ", + "

    Unexpired visas

    ", + "

    Send your previous passport with the visa attached to it with your application. Your previous passport will be returned to you.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to use the visa if you carry both passports.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you\u2019re travelling to Russia.

    ", + "

    Replace a lost, stolen or damaged passport

    ", + "

    You must replace your passport if it has more than reasonable wear and tear because you may not be allowed to travel with it.

    ", + "

    If you need to attend an interview

    ", + "

    Passport offices are temporarily closed and face-to-face interviews are suspended because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Video interviews are taking place online. If you need an interview, you\u2019ll be contacted after your application has been processed to book it.

    ", + "

    Replace online

    ", + "

    Use this service to replace your passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a digital photo
    • ", + "
  • a credit or debit card
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your identity online if you\u2019re replacing a lost or stolen passport.

    ", + "

    Replace online

    ", + "

    Replace using a paper application form

    ", + "

    You can get a paper application form by either:

    ", + "
  • going to the Post Office
    • ", + "
  • calling the Passport Adviceline
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a385. You can pay by either:

    ", + "
  • debit or credit card - fill in the form in the application pack
    • ", + "
  • cheque - made payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Passport Office\u2019
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need 2 new and identical printed photos of yourself.

    ", + "

    You can use the Post Office Check and Send service if you\u2019re using a paper form. The address to send it to is on the form.

    ", + "

    Countersignatories

    ", + "

    You need to get your application form and 1 of your photos signed by someone else to prove your identity.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get a passport for your child", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-a-child-passport", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You apply for a child passport if your child is under 16. It costs \u00a349 to apply online and \u00a358.50 to apply with a paper form from the Post Office. A child passport is valid for 5 years.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, you may need to renew your child\u2019s passport before you travel.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    Someone with parental responsibility for the child must apply for the passport.

    ", + "

    You need to give both parents\u2019 details when you apply. If you cannot provide the other parent\u2019s details, you need to say why (for example, you\u2019re the only parent named on the birth certificate or you adopted the child on your own).

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow up to 10 weeks to get the passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a passport urgently if you need one sooner.

    ", + "

    Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.

    ", + "

    What you should apply for

    ", + "Situation | Action", + "Your child is under 16 and has never had a British passport | Apply for a first child passport", + "Your child is under 16 and has a British passport | Renew your child\u2019s passport", + "Your child is under 16 and their British passport has been lost or stolen | Apply for a replacement passport", + "Your child is under 16 and their British passport is damaged | Apply for a replacement passport", + "Your child is under 16 and has a British passport but some of their details have changed | Apply for a new passport", + "Your child is over 16 (or will be in 3 weeks) and had a British child passport | Follow the process for renewing or replacing an adult passport", + "Your child is over 16 (or will be in 3 weeks) and has never had a British passport | Apply for a first adult passport", + "

    Apply for a first child passport

    ", + "

    If your child has never had a British passport you must apply for a first child passport.

    ", + "

    Your child must have British nationality to be eligible for a British passport.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    To apply online you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos)
    • ", + "
  • supporting documents
    • ", + "
  • a credit or debit card
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a349.

    ", + "

    Start application

    ", + "

    Apply and pay for the passport online.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve paid and submitted the application, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity.

    ", + "

    Let the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.

    ", + "

    Find out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    You can apply by post by either:

    ", + "
  • getting a paper form from a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • contacting the Passport Adviceline to get a form posted to you
    • ", + "

    Fill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 9 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over. \nYou need to get someone else, known as your \u2018countersignatory\u2019, to fill in section 10 and certify your child\u2019s photo.

    ", + "

    Read the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    To send in your application, you can either:

    ", + "
  • post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form
    • ", + "
  • take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "

    Signing the application

    ", + "

    Someone with parental responsibility must sign the form.

    ", + "

    If your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    You must send original documents or official copies of certificates. Photocopies are not accepted, even \u2018certified copies\u2019.

    ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh, you\u2019ll need to send certified translations as well as the originals.

    ", + "

    You cannot send laminated documents.

    ", + "

    If the name on the passport does not match what\u2019s on the birth certificate

    ", + "

    You must send:

    ", + "
  • a signed and dated letter from everyone with parental responsibility confirming the name change and that they agree to the child getting a new passport
    • ", + "
  • a deed poll
    • ", + "
  • at least one piece of evidence that shows the new name being used, for example NHS records, child benefits or school records
    • ", + "

    What documents to provide if you apply online

    ", + "

    If you apply online, you\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide.

    ", + "

    What documents to send if you apply by post

    ", + "

    If you apply by post, you must send:

    ", + "
  • 2 new photos of your child
    • ", + "
  • the child\u2019s full birth or adoption certificate (the one with parent\u2019s details on it)
    • ", + "
  • proof that your child has British nationality (for example a British registration certificate, parent\u2019s passport details or parent\u2019s birth certificates)
    • ", + "
  • any valid passports from a different country belonging to the child
    • ", + "
  • any court orders (for example, that describe parental responsibility or residency arrangements)
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance notes to find out which documents you need to send.

    ", + "

    Choose how you want your documents sent back

    ", + "

    Your documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.

    ", + "

    Getting your passport

    ", + "

    Your new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • post it through your letterbox
    • ", + "
  • hand it to you if you\u2019re home
    • ", + "
  • leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)
    • ", + "

    You can track your passport application.

    ", + "

    Renew a child passport

    ", + "

    You can apply to renew a child passport online or by post.

    ", + "

    If your child\u2019s passport has expired, you must renew it before they can travel.

    ", + "

    Do not book travel until you have a valid passport - the new passport will not have the same number as the old one.

    ", + "

    If your child\u2019s name or other personal details have changed, you cannot renew their passport. You must apply for a new passport instead.

    ", + "

    Renewing a passport before it expires

    ", + "

    You need at least 6 months left on your passport to travel to certain countries. Check the entry requirements of the country your child is visiting to see how much time they need on their passport before they travel.

    ", + "

    Time left on your child\u2019s old passport will not be added to their new one.

    ", + "

    Travelling to the EU, EEA or Switzerland

    ", + "

    On the day of travel to the\u00a0EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, your child will need 6 months left on their passport.

    ", + "

    This rule does not apply to travel to Ireland. You can continue to use a passport as long as it\u2019s valid for the length of the stay.

    ", + "

    If your child\u2019s passport is burgundy or has \u2018European Union\u2019 on the cover, they can still use it as long as it has enough time left on it.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    To renew your child\u2019s passport you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your child\u2019s old passport
    • ", + "
  • any valid passports from a different country your child might have
    • ", + "
  • any court orders (for example that describe parental responsibility or residency arrangements)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need either digital or printed photos of your child.

    ", + "

    Renew online

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a349. You can pay with a credit or debit card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos)
    • ", + "
  • the supporting documents
    • ", + "

    Renew online

    ", + "

    Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity

    ", + "

    If your child is under 12, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm their identity after you\u2019ve submitted the application.

    ", + "

    Let the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.

    ", + "

    Find out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.

    ", + "

    Renew by post

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a358.50.

    ", + "

    You need to fill in a paper application form. You can get a paper form by either:

    ", + "
  • going to a Post Office that has a Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • calling the Passport Adviceline
    • ", + "

    Fill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, and 9 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over.

    ", + "

    If your child is 11 or under or cannot be recognised from their old passport photo you\u2019ll need to get someone else, known as a \u2018countersignatory\u2019, to fill in section 10 and certify your child\u2019s photo.

    ", + "

    Read the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    To send your application you can either:

    ", + "
  • post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form
    • ", + "
  • take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "

    Signing the application

    ", + "

    Someone with parental responsibility must sign the form.

    ", + "

    If your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.

    ", + "

    Countersigning the application

    ", + "

    If your child is under 12, you\u2019ll need to get their application and one of their photos countersigned.

    ", + "

    If your child is 12 or over, you only need to do this if they cannot be recognised from the photo in their current passport.

    ", + "

    Choose how you want your documents sent back

    ", + "

    Your documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.

    ", + "

    Getting your passport

    ", + "

    Your new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • post it through your letterbox
    • ", + "
  • hand it to you if you\u2019re home
    • ", + "
  • leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)
    • ", + "

    You can track your passport application.

    ", + "

    Replace a lost or stolen child passport

    ", + "

    If your child\u2019s passport has been lost or stolen, you can apply for a replacement.

    ", + "

    You must cancel a lost or stolen passport as soon as possible. This will reduce the risk of anyone else using it.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    To replace your child\u2019s passport, you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • any valid passports from a different country your child might have
    • ", + "
  • any court orders (for example, that describe parental responsibility or residency arrangements)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need either digital or printed photos of your child.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can apply for a replacement child passport online.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a349. You can pay with a credit or debit card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos)
    • ", + "
  • any supporting documents
    • ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity.

    ", + "

    Let the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.

    ", + "

    Find out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    You can apply by post by either:

    ", + "
  • getting a paper form from a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • contacting the Passport Adviceline to get a form posted to you
    • ", + "

    Fill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 9 and 10 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need 2 new printed photos of your child. Follow the rules for printed passport photos.

    ", + "

    To send in your application, you can either:

    ", + "
  • post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form
    • ", + "
  • take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "

    Signing the application

    ", + "

    Someone with parental responsibility must sign the form.

    ", + "

    If your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.

    ", + "

    Countersigning the application

    ", + "

    You must get the application form and one of your child\u2019s photos countersigned.

    ", + "

    Read the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    Choose how you want your documents sent back

    ", + "

    Your documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.

    ", + "

    Getting your passport

    ", + "

    Your new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • post it through your letterbox
    • ", + "
  • hand it to you if you\u2019re home
    • ", + "
  • leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)
    • ", + "

    You can track your passport application.

    ", + "

    Replace a damaged child passport

    ", + "

    If your child\u2019s passport is damaged, you\u2019ll need to apply for a replacement.

    ", + "

    You can apply online or by post.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    You must send all of the following with your application:

    ", + "
  • the damaged passport
    • ", + "
  • a letter from someone with parental responsibility explaining how the damage happened (if you apply by post)
    • ", + "
  • any valid passports from a different country your child might have
    • ", + "
  • any court orders (for example that describe parental responsibility or residency arrangements)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need either digital or printed photos of your child.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a349. You can pay with a credit or debit card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos)
    • ", + "
  • the supporting documents
    • ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity

    ", + "

    If your child is under 12, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity.

    ", + "

    Let the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.

    ", + "

    Find out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    You can apply by post by either:

    ", + "
  • getting a paper form from a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • contacting the Passport Adviceline to get a form posted to you
    • ", + "

    Fill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 9 and 10 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over.

    ", + "

    To send in your application, you can either:

    ", + "
  • post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form
    • ", + "
  • take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "

    Signing the application

    ", + "

    Someone with parental responsibility must sign the form.

    ", + "

    If your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.

    ", + "

    Countersigning the application

    ", + "

    You must get the application form and one of your child\u2019s photos countersigned.

    ", + "

    Read the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    Choose how you want your documents sent back

    ", + "

    Your documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.

    ", + "

    Getting your passport

    ", + "

    Your new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • post it through your letterbox
    • ", + "
  • hand it to you if you\u2019re home
    • ", + "
  • leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)
    • ", + "

    You can track your passport application.

    ", + "

    Change the name or personal details on a child passport

    ", + "

    Your child will need to get a new passport if they\u2019ve changed their name.

    ", + "

    Fill in the passport application with the name that you want printed on the passport.

    ", + "

    Contact the Passport Adviceline if you\u2019re changing any other personal details on a child passport. This could include date of birth, place of birth or national status.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can apply for a new child passport online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told where to send your supporting documents when you apply.

    ", + "

    Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity

    ", + "

    If your child is under 12, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm their identity after you\u2019ve submitted the application.

    ", + "

    Let the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.

    ", + "

    Find out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    You can apply by post by either:

    ", + "
  • getting a paper form from a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • contacting the Passport Adviceline to get a form posted to you
    • ", + "

    Fill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4 and 9 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over.

    ", + "

    If your child is 11 or under or cannot be recognised from their old passport photo you\u2019ll need to get someone else, known as a \u2018countersignatory\u2019, to fill in section 10 and certify your child\u2019s photo.

    ", + "

    Read the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    To send in your application, you can either:

    ", + "
  • post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form
    • ", + "
  • take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "

    Signing the application

    ", + "

    Someone with parental responsibility must sign the form.

    ", + "

    If your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    You must send:

    ", + "
  • the old passport
    • ", + "
  • a deed poll or similar document about the name change
    • ", + "
  • at least one piece of evidence that shows the new name being used, for example NHS records, child benefits or school records
    • ", + "
  • written consent from everyone with parental responsibility
    • ", + "
  • 2 new photos of your child if you apply by post
    • ", + "

    Choose how you want your documents sent back

    ", + "

    Your documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.

    ", + "

    Getting your passport

    ", + "

    Your new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • post it through your letterbox
    • ", + "
  • hand it to you if you\u2019re home
    • ", + "
  • leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)
    • ", + "

    You can track your passport application.

    ", + "

    Adopted or fostered children

    ", + "

    If your child was adopted in the UK

    ", + "

    Your child can get a British passport if either adoptive parent is British and was usually living in the UK (\u2018habitually resident\u2019) when you adopted your child.

    ", + "

    You must send your child\u2019s adoption certificate showing the British parent\u2019s details.

    ", + "

    You must also send one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the British passport details for either parent
    • ", + "
  • a UK birth certificate for either parent
    • ", + "
  • a Home Office certificate of registration or naturalisation for either parent
    • ", + "
  • the passport that was valid at the time of the child\u2019s birth for either parent
    • ", + "

    If your child was adopted overseas

    ", + "

    Adopted before 1 June 2003

    ", + "

    Your child does not automatically qualify for a British passport - even if one of the parents is a British citizen.

    ", + "

    The adoption may be recognised for parental responsibility purposes, but not for nationality purposes, depending on the country the adoption took place in.

    ", + "

    Adopted on or after 1 June 2003

    ", + "

    Your child can get a British passport if either parent is British and the British parent was usually living (\u2018habitually resident\u2019) in the UK when the child was adopted.

    ", + "

    Only adoptions conducted under the Hague Convention are recognised for nationality purposes. You must send the child\u2019s full Hague Convention adoption certificate showing the parents\u2019 details.

    ", + "

    You must also send evidence of the British parent\u2019s nationality status, such as a British passport issued before the date of adoption - put the passport number on your application.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a British passport, there are other documents you can send.

    ", + "

    Foster children and children in care

    ", + "

    You must contact the Passport Adviceline if you want a passport for a child who\u2019s in care. This includes a child you\u2019re fostering.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Passport Adviceline if you are not sure what documents you need or if your circumstances are more complicated.

    ", + "

    Surrogacy and sperm donation

    ", + "

    Children born through surrogacy

    ", + "

    As well as your other documents, you need to send:

    ", + "
  • a letter giving details of your surrogacy arrangement
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your surrogacy treatment, such as a letter from the clinic where it took place
    • ", + "
  • proof that your child has a claim to British nationality
    • ", + "
  • proof of your identity (for example, your passport or birth certificate)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your marriage or civil partnership (if this is relevant to your application)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been granted a parental order, you also need to send:

    ", + "
  • the parental order (if you have it)
    • ", + "
  • your child\u2019s birth certificate, issued after the parental order was granted
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not been granted a parental order and your child was born in the UK you can send their full UK birth certificate instead.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not been granted a parental order and your child was born outside the UK, there are special rules about applying for a passport.

    ", + "

    Sperm donation

    ", + "

    If your child was conceived through sperm donation and born in the UK, you need to send their birth certificate when you apply. You do not need to say they were conceived through sperm donation.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if they were born in another country.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Passport Adviceline if you are not sure what documents you need or if your circumstances are more complicated.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Change your name or personal details on your passport", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get a new passport to travel abroad or prove your identity if you change any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your gender
    • ", + "
  • your appearance, if you cannot be recognised from your passport photo any more (for example, you\u2019ve had plastic surgery)
    • ", + "

    The name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new 10 year passport. Time left on your old passport will not be added to your new one.

    ", + "

    When you do not need a new passport

    ", + "

    You do not need to get a new passport if you:

    ", + "
  • change your address or contact details
    • ", + "
  • get a new job
    • ", + "
  • change your appearance slightly - for example, dye your hair or grow a beard
    • ", + "
  • change your marital status (divorce, marry or form a civil partnership) but keep your name
    • ", + "
  • change your title, for example, doctor or professor
    • ", + "
  • become a national of another country as well as the UK
    • ", + "
  • emigrate
    • ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow up to 10 weeks to get your passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a passport urgently if you need to travel sooner.

    ", + "

    Do not book travel until you have a valid passport - your new passport will not have the same number as your old one.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can apply for a new passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Apply using a paper application form

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to get your passport.

    ", + "

    You can get a paper application form by either:

    ", + "
  • going to a Post Office that has a Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • calling the Passport Adviceline
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a385.

    ", + "

    Fill in and sign your passport application using the name that you want to see printed on your passport.

    ", + "

    Countersignatures

    ", + "

    You must get a countersignature if your appearance has changed and you cannot be recognised from your existing passport.

    ", + "

    You do not need a countersignature if you\u2019re changing your name or adding a title.

    ", + "

    Unexpired visas

    ", + "

    Unexpired visas in your old passport may become invalid if you change your name. Check with the embassy or consulate of the country that issued the visa.

    ", + "

    If you have a non-British passport

    ", + "

    If you have dual citizenship (\u2018dual nationality\u2019) and have a non-British passport, the name on your non-British passport must match the name and gender you want on your British passport.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s different, change the details on your non-British passport before you apply for a new British passport.

    ", + "

    Marriage or civil partnership change

    ", + "

    You can get a new passport in your new name either before or after the ceremony.

    ", + "

    The name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.

    ", + "

    Get a new passport after the ceremony

    ", + "

    Send your marriage or civil partnership certificate when you apply for a passport in your new name - this includes double-barrelled names.

    ", + "

    Get a new passport before the ceremony

    ", + "

    You can apply for a passport in your new name up to 3 months before your marriage or civil partnership ceremony.

    ", + "

    Your old passport will be cancelled. Your new passport is \u2018post-dated\u2019 - you cannot use it before the ceremony.

    ", + "

    Some countries will not issue visas for post-dated passports - check with the country\u2019s embassy or consulate.

    ", + "

    You must send a \u2018passports for newly weds and civil partners\u2019 form with your documents. It must be signed by the religious minister or registrar who will conduct the ceremony.

    ", + "

    Divorce or returning to a previous surname

    ", + "

    When you apply, you also need to send:

    ", + "
  • your birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • a statement signed by you saying you\u2019ve gone back to a previous surname (for example your maiden name) \u2018for all purposes\u2019 - that is, you will not use your married or civil partnership name at all
    • ", + "
  • a document that shows you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)
    • ", + "
  • your decree absolute or final order showing both names
    • ", + "
  • a marriage or civil partnership certificate showing both names - if you do not have it you can order a copy
    • ", + "

    Gender change

    ", + "

    Send one of the following when you apply for a passport:

    ", + "
  • a Gender Recognition Certificate
    • ", + "
  • a new birth or adoption certificate showing your acquired gender
    • ", + "
  • a letter from your doctor or medical consultant confirming your change of gender is likely to be permanent
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re sending a letter from your doctor or medical consultant and you\u2019re changing your name, you\u2019ll also need to supply both of the following:

    ", + "
  • evidence of your change of name (such as a deed poll)
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)
    • ", + "

    Read the information about passports for transgender and transsexual people if you need help.

    ", + "

    Titles and small changes to forenames

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • change the spelling of your name slightly - for example, Jane to Jayne
    • ", + "
  • change the order of your forenames
    • ", + "
  • remove middle names
    • ", + "

    Send 2 documents that show you\u2019re using your new name. These can include a:

    ", + "
  • letter from a local council or government department
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • bank statement
    • ", + "
  • baptism or confirmation certificate
    • ", + "

    Titles you can use on your passport

    ", + "

    You can include:

    ", + "
  • professional titles - for example, doctor, judge, minister of religion, professor, QC, or JP if you\u2019re a magistrate
    • ", + "
  • honours or military decorations
    • ", + "

    Put the details in the \u2018other title\u2019 box of your application and send evidence of your title.

    ", + "

    Your title will be on the \u2018observations\u2019 page of your passport - it will not be part of your name, except if it\u2019s a title of nobility, for example knight, dame or a lord.

    ", + "

    Other name changes

    ", + "

    You can change your name on your passport with one of the following documents:

    ", + "
  • a deed poll
    • ", + "
  • a statutory declaration
    • ", + "
  • an affidavit
    • ", + "

    Send it with both:

    ", + "
  • proof of any previous name changes you\u2019ve made
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip or a letter from your local council)
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Collective (group) passports", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/collective-group-passports", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    It takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.

    ", + "

    A collective (or group) passport is a way for an organised group of young people to make a trip to certain European countries.

    ", + "

    A collective passport costs \u00a339.

    ", + "

    Young people should travel on their own passports if possible.

    ", + "

    Who can use a collective passport

    ", + "

    The passport is not for families but for groups such as:

    ", + "
  • schools and sixth form colleges
    • ", + "
  • guides
    • ", + "
  • scouts
    • ", + "
  • other recognised youth organisations
    • ", + "

    You can have between 5 and 50 children on a group passport. If there are more than 50 in the group, you can split the group and apply for 2 or more passports.

    ", + "

    Everyone on the passport must be a British national and under 18 by the end of the trip.

    ", + "

    A group leader must be named on the passport. The passport is invalid if the group leader cannot travel, but if a deputy leader is named on the application, they can take over.

    ", + "

    The group leader and deputy leader must:

    ", + "
  • be aged 21 or over
    • ", + "
  • be a British citizen and have a British passport
    • ", + "
  • be a UK resident
    • ", + "

    Countries you can visit

    ", + "

    The countries you can travel to or through on a collective passport are:

    ", + "
  • Austria
    • ", + "
  • Denmark
    • ", + "
  • France
    • ", + "
  • Italy
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Romania
    • ", + "
  • Spain
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "

    Check if you need a visa

    ", + "

    You may need a visa if you\u2019re travelling on a group passport, even if you do not need one when travelling on an individual passport. Contact the country\u2019s embassy or consulate in the UK to check.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    It takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.

    ", + "
  • Download the application form.
    • ", + "
  • Save it to your computer and fill it in (handwritten applications are not accepted).
    • ", + "
  • Collect your supporting documents.
    • ", + "
  • Email your completed application form to HMPassportofficeDurhamCollectives@hmpo.gov.uk.
    • ", + "
  • Print a paper copy and get it signed by the group leader and deputy leader.
    • ", + "
  • Send the paper copy with the \u00a339 fee and supporting documents to Collective Passport Applications.
    • ", + "

    Paying the fee

    ", + "

    Include a cheque for \u00a339, payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Passport Office\u2019, or pay by credit or debit card using the card payment form - use capital letters to fill in the form.

    ", + "

    Checks on your application

    ", + "

    HM Passport Office may contact your organisation to verify the application. Include a contact number on the form that will be answered during school holidays or your application could be delayed.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    Each application must include:

    ", + "
  • a nationality questionnaire and parental consent form for each child
    • ", + "
  • a collective passport photo identity card for each child
    • ", + "
  • one supporting letter for the whole application
    • ", + "

    Nationality questionnaire and consent form

    ", + "

    The nationality questionnaire and consent form (\u2018CPNQ\u2019 form) must be filled in by the person who can give consent for the child to travel. They must fill in either the:

    ", + "
  • form for a child born in the UK
    • ", + "
  • form for a child born outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Details of who can give consent are on the form.

    ", + "

    Request collective passport photo identity cards

    ", + "

    Email your request for collective passport photo cards to HMPassportofficeDurhamCollectives@hmpo.gov.uk. Your email should include:

    ", + "
  • the number of cards you need
    • ", + "
  • the full name and address of the school or organised group
    • ", + "
  • a contact name and phone number
    • ", + "

    Complete collective passport photo identity cards

    ", + "

    Each card must be filled in with the child\u2019s details exactly as they appear on their nationality questionnaire and parental consent form.

    ", + "

    You must attach a recent passport-sized photo to each card.

    ", + "

    Rules for photos

    ", + "

    The photos:

    ", + "
  • should be of a similar quality to standard passport photos
    • ", + "
  • should not have been previously used on another document
    • ", + "
  • must not be laminated or photocopies
    • ", + "

    You can use:

    ", + "
  • a school photo - as long as it does not have \u2018proof\u2019 written across it
    • ", + "
  • printed digital photos
    • ", + "

    The group leader must complete their own details and sign the photo cards before submitting the application.

    ", + "

    Each child must sign their card before they travel.

    ", + "

    Supporting letter

    ", + "

    Each application must include one supporting letter on headed paper confirming consent to the trip.

    ", + "

    If the group is going abroad to perform (for example, in a sports competition) the letter must say:

    ", + "
  • all members of the group are amateurs
    • ", + "
  • they will not get any payment
    • ", + "

    If children from more than one organisation are travelling together, you need a supporting letter from each organisation.

    ", + "

    The letter must be signed - digital or photocopied signatures are not accepted.

    ", + "

    The table shows who can supply and sign the supporting letter.

    ", + "Type of organisation | Who can supply and sign the supporting letter", + "School | The head teacher, a member of the board of governors or the education authority from each school making up the party", + "Scout or guide group | The assistant county or area commissioner or someone from Association Headquarters", + "Football or rugby club | Someone from the local football association or the league chairperson or secretary", + "Swimming or judo clubs | Someone from the national headquarters", + "Youth orchestras or choirs | Someone from the local education authority, or the vicar for church groups", + "Army or Airforce cadets | The commanding officer or someone from the services authority", + "Clubs or youth clubs | Someone from the local authority where the club is registered, or the national headquarters", + "Registered charities | The director or a person in a similar position in the organisation", + "

    Getting the passport changed

    ", + "

    Check your passport when it arrives for mistakes. Children cannot travel if they\u2019re not on the passport.

    ", + "

    If you need to amend the passport

    ", + "

    Send the passport back to HM Passport Office Collective Passport Applications with a letter explaining the reasons.

    ", + "

    If your trip is postponed but you arrange alternative travel within the same season, you can usually get your passport amended free of charge.

    ", + "

    If several changes are needed (for example, you\u2019re adding lots of names), you have to pay for a new one.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get an emergency travel document", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/emergency-travel-document", + "contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You can apply for an emergency travel document (sometimes called an \u2018emergency passport\u2019) if you\u2019re abroad, need to travel and cannot get a passport in time.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the UK you should apply for a passport urgently.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for an emergency travel document if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a British national
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • your passport has been lost, stolen, damaged, is full, has recently expired or is with HM Passport Office or a foreign embassy
    • ", + "
  • you do not have time to renew or replace your passport before you travel
    • ", + "
  • you can provide proof of your travel plans, for example booking confirmations (or detailed written travel plans if you cannot book ahead)
    • ", + "

    You usually cannot get an emergency travel document if you\u2019ve never had a UK passport. You should apply for a passport instead.

    ", + "

    What an emergency travel document lets you do

    ", + "

    You can use an emergency travel document to travel to your destination through a maximum of 5 countries. You can also normally use it to return to the country you\u2019re applying from if you live there.

    ", + "

    Your travel plans (countries and dates) will be printed on your emergency travel document. If you change your travel plans once you have your emergency travel document, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new one.

    ", + "

    You may need a visa to leave the country you\u2019re in or to travel through other countries with your emergency travel document. Check with the embassy or consulate of each country.

    ", + "

    If your final destination is the UK, border staff will keep your emergency travel document when you arrive. Border staff at a different final destination might also keep the document.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply online.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3100 to apply for an emergency travel document. The fee is not refundable. You can pay online as part of your application. If you do not, you\u2019ll be asked to pay over the phone.

    ", + "

    You might need to attend an appointment at your nearest British embassy, high commission or consulate after you apply online. You\u2019ll be told after you\u2019ve submitted your application whether you need an appointment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give a contact telephone number and email address as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    Your emergency travel document will normally be ready 2 working days after you apply. It may take longer because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    It can also take longer, for example if you have:

    ", + "
  • applied for a child under 16
    • ", + "
  • not paid or given the right supporting documents
    • ", + "
  • not given enough or correct information
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told after you\u2019ve applied how and when you\u2019ll get your emergency travel document.

    ", + "

    Apply on behalf of someone else

    ", + "

    You can apply for an emergency travel document and book an appointment for someone else if they\u2019re a British citizen or British national (overseas). They might have to attend an appointment and they must collect their emergency travel document in person.

    ", + "

    If you apply for a child under 16, they\u2019ll need to attend an appointment. Both parents should go with them if possible. If neither parent can attend, they\u2019ll need to send a signed consent letter.

    ", + "

    If you're not a British citizen

    ", + "

    You can apply online if you\u2019re a British national (overseas).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 16 or over and another type of British national, you need to:

    ", + "
  • Check if you\u2019re eligible with your nearest British embassy, high commission or consulate.
    • ", + "
  • Download and fill in an application form.
    • ", + "
  • Book an appointment with the embassy, high commission or consulate.
    • ", + "
  • Pay the fee at your appointment.
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Hand luggage restrictions at UK airports", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    There are restrictions on what items you can take in your hand luggage and hold luggage when boarding a plane in the UK.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you\u2019re taking goods to sell or temporarily abroad for business reasons, for example sales samples, professional equipment or musical instruments for a performance.

    ", + "

    Airport security staff will not let anything through that they consider dangerous - even if it\u2019s normally allowed in hand luggage.

    ", + "

    Hand luggage allowances

    ", + "

    Check with your airline how many and what size bags you can take on the plane with you.

    ", + "

    Check the rules for electronic items and devices you\u2019re allowed to take on a flight before you travel - there are different rules depending on which country you are travelling to or from.

    ", + "

    Taking liquids through security

    ", + "

    There are restrictions on the amount of liquids you can take in your hand luggage. If possible, pack liquids in your hold baggage (luggage that you check in).

    ", + "

    Liquids include:

    ", + "
  • all drinks, including water
    • ", + "
  • liquid or semi-liquid foods, for example soup, jam, honey and syrups
    • ", + "
  • cosmetics and toiletries, including creams, lotions, oils, perfumes, mascara and lip gloss
    • ", + "
  • sprays, including shaving foam, hairspray and spray deodorants
    • ", + "
  • pastes, including toothpaste
    • ", + "
  • gels, including hair and shower gel
    • ", + "
  • contact lens solution
    • ", + "
  • any other solutions and items of similar consistency
    • ", + "

    If you do take liquids in your hand luggage:

    ", + "
  • containers must hold no more than 100ml
    • ", + "
  • containers must be in a single, transparent, resealable plastic bag, which holds no more than a litre and measures approximately 20cm x 20cm
    • ", + "
  • contents must fit comfortably inside the bag so it can be sealed
    • ", + "
  • the bag must not be knotted or tied at the top
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re limited to 1 plastic bag per person
    • ", + "
  • you must show the bag at the airport security point
    • ", + "

    Liquids in containers larger than 100ml generally cannot go through security even if the container is only part full. There are some exemptions.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You can take liquid containers larger than 100ml through security if they:

    ", + "
  • are for essential medical purposes
    • ", + "
  • are for special dietary requirements
    • ", + "
  • contain baby food or baby milk
    • ", + "

    You can also take liquids bought at an airport or on a plane (such as duty free) through security if:

    ", + "
  • the items are sealed inside a security bag when you buy them
    • ", + "
  • the receipt for the items is sealed in the security bag and visible
    • ", + "

    You must not open the security bag until you reach your final destination. Airport staff may need to open the items to screen the liquid at the security point.

    ", + "

    Liquid restrictions outside the EU

    ", + "

    Countries outside the EU might have different rules on carrying liquids as a transit or transfer passenger. You should check these rules with the relevant airlines and airports before travelling.

    ", + "

    Lighters

    ", + "

    You can only carry 1 lighter on board. You should put it inside a resealable plastic bag (like the ones used for liquids), which you must keep on you throughout the flight. You cannot:

    ", + "
  • put it in your hold luggage
    • ", + "
  • put it in your hand luggage after screening
    • ", + "

    Food and powders

    ", + "

    Food items and powders in your hand luggage can obstruct images on x-ray machines. Your bags may need to be checked again manually by security. You can put these items in your hold luggage to minimise delays.

    ", + "

    Baby food and baby milk

    ", + "

    When travelling with a baby you\u2019re allowed to take enough baby food, baby milk and sterilised water for the journey. There is no legal limit to how much you can take however check with your airport before you travel.

    ", + "

    You can carry breast milk in hand luggage even if you\u2019re not travelling with a baby. You cannot carry frozen breast milk in hand luggage.

    ", + "

    Individual containers of breast milk must hold no more than 2,000ml. Each container will need to be screened at the security point. Airport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids.

    ", + " | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage", + "Breast milk | Yes, in containers up to 2,000ml | Yes", + "Frozen breast milk | No | Yes", + "Formula milk, cow\u2019s milk | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes", + "Sterilised water for the baby | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes", + "Soya milk for babies | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes", + "Baby food | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes", + "Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes", + "

    Personal items

    ", + "

    Musical instruments

    ", + "

    Contact your airline before you book if you want to travel with a large musical instrument. You may need to make special arrangements, such as buying an extra seat.

    ", + "

    Musical instruments will be screened separately.

    ", + "

    Mobility aids

    ", + "

    Pushchairs, walking aids and wheelchairs are usually allowed in the cabin, but will need to be security screened first.

    ", + "

    For battery-powered wheelchairs or mobility aids check with your airline first.

    ", + "

    Other personal items

    ", + " | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage", + "Corkscrew | No | Yes", + "Spoon | Yes | Yes", + "Knife (with a sharp or pointed blade and/or blade longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline)", + "Small scissors (with blades no longer than 6cm) | Yes | Yes", + "Large scissors (with blades longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline)", + "Round-ended/blunt scissors | Yes | Yes", + "Fixed-cartridge razor blades (disposable razor) | Yes | Yes", + "Nail clippers/nail file | Yes | Yes", + "Tweezers | Yes | Yes", + "Knitting needles | Yes | Yes", + "Sewing needle | Yes | Yes", + "Umbrella | Yes | Yes", + "Walking stick/cane, walking aid | Yes | Yes", + "Pushchair | Yes | Yes", + "Wheelchair | Yes | Yes", + "Safety matches | Yes | No", + "Non-safety matches | No | No", + "Fireworks, flares and other pyrotechnics, including party poppers and toy caps | No | No", + "Cigarette lighter | No, but you can put a lighter in a plastic liquids bag and keep it on your person | No", + "Contact lens solution | Yes (up to 100ml) | Yes", + "

    Medicines, medical equipment and dietary requirements

    ", + "

    You\u2019re allowed to carry the following in your hand luggage:

    ", + "
  • essential medicines of more than 100ml, including liquid dietary foodstuffs and inhalers
    • ", + "
  • medical equipment, if it\u2019s essential for your journey
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need supporting documentation from a relevant medical professional (for example a letter from your doctor or a copy of your prescription).

    ", + "

    Airport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids at the security point. Medical equipment is screened separately.

    ", + " | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage", + "Tablets and capsules | Yes | Yes", + "Essential liquid medicines | Yes | Yes", + "Hypodermic syringes | Yes | Yes", + "Inhalers | Yes | Yes", + "Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes", + "Medical equipment (for example CPAP and TENS machines) | Yes | Yes", + "Special food and liquids needed for medical reasons | Yes | Yes", + "Oxygen cylinders | Contact your airline | Contact your airline", + "

    Electronic devices and electrical items

    ", + "

    You can only take certain electronic devices and electrical items on flights to the UK.

    ", + " | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage", + "Mobile phone | Yes | Yes", + "Laptop | Yes | Yes", + "Tablet devices | Yes | Yes", + "MP3 player | Yes | Yes", + "Hairdryer or straighteners | Yes | Yes", + "Travel iron | Yes | Yes", + "Electric shaver | Yes | Yes", + "E-cigarettes | Yes | No", + "

    Some airlines might also have different restrictions. Check with your airline before you travel if you\u2019re not sure about what you can take as hand luggage.

    ", + "

    Cameras

    ", + "

    You can usually take camera equipment in your hand and hold luggage.

    ", + "

    There might be restrictions on specialist equipment, for example professional video cameras.

    ", + "

    Make sure your devices are charged

    ", + "

    Make sure your electronic devices are charged before you travel. If your device does not switch on when requested, you will not be allowed to take it onto the aircraft.

    ", + "

    Batteries for your device

    ", + "

    Check the restrictions on certain types of batteries or contact your airline if you\u2019re not sure what you can carry.

    ", + "

    Gas-powered hair curlers

    ", + "

    You can take hair curlers containing a gas cartridge in hand or hold luggage as long as the safety cover is fitted at all times. You must not take separate gas cartridges on board.

    ", + "

    Sports equipment

    ", + " | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage", + "Sports parachute | Yes | Yes", + "Heavy bats and sticks (including baseball, softball and cricket bats) | No | Yes", + "Tennis racquets | Yes | Yes", + "Snooker, pool or billiard cue | Yes | Yes", + "Golf clubs | No | Yes", + "Darts | No | Yes", + "Walking/hiking poles | No | Yes", + "Fishing rod | Yes | Yes", + "Catapult | No | Yes", + "Firearms (including replica firearms) | No | Check with your airline before you travel", + "Harpoon or spear gun | No | Check with your airline before you travel", + "Crossbow | No | Yes", + "Martial arts equipment (including knuckledusters, clubs, coshes, rice flails and nunchuks) | No | Yes", + "Diving equipment | Check with your airline before you travel | Check with your airline before you travel", + "

    Work tools

    ", + " | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage", + "Tool with a blade or shaft longer than 6cm (for example chisel) | No | Yes", + "Drill and drill bits | No | Yes", + "Stanley knife | No | Yes", + "Saw (including portable power saw) | No | Yes", + "Screwdriver | No | Yes", + "Hammer | No | Yes", + "Pliers | No | Yes", + "Wrench or spanner | No | Yes", + "Bolt gun or nail gun | No | Yes", + "Crowbar | No | Yes", + "Blowtorch | No | Yes", + "

    Chemicals and toxic substances

    ", + "

    You cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:

    ", + "
  • oxidisers and organic peroxides, including bleach and car body repair kits
    • ", + "
  • acids and alkalis (for example spillable \u2018wet\u2019 batteries)
    • ", + "
  • corrosives or bleaching agents (including mercury and chlorine)
    • ", + "
  • vehicle batteries and fuel systems
    • ", + "
  • self defence or disabling sprays (for example mace, pepper spray)
    • ", + "
  • radioactive materials (including medicinal or commercial isotopes)
    • ", + "
  • poisons or toxic substances (for example rat poison)
    • ", + "
  • biological hazards (for example infected blood, bacteria, viruses)
    • ", + "
  • materials that could spontaneously combust (burst into flames)
    • ", + "
  • fire extinguishers
    • ", + "

    Ammunition

    ", + "

    You cannot take any guns or firearms (including air rifles and starting pistols) as hand luggage. You may be able to take them as hold luggage - check with your airline before you travel.

    ", + "

    You cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:

    ", + "
  • blasting caps
    • ", + "
  • detonators and fuses
    • ", + "
  • imitation explosive devices (including replica or model guns)
    • ", + "
  • mines, grenades, and other explosive military stores
    • ", + "
  • fireworks and pyrotechnics
    • ", + "
  • smoke canisters
    • ", + "
  • smoke cartridges
    • ", + "
  • dynamite
    • ", + "
  • gunpowder
    • ", + "
  • plastic explosives (including black powder and percussion caps)
    • ", + "
  • flares
    • ", + "
  • hand grenades
    • ", + "
  • gun cigarette lighters
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Entering the UK", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to England, what you need to do depends on where you have been in the 10 days before you arrive. If you have been in a country or territory on the:

    ", + "
  • green list - you must take a coronavirus (COVID-19) test on or before day 2
    • ", + "
  • amber list - you must quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying and take 2 COVID-19 tests
    • ", + "
  • red list - you must quarantine in a hotel and take 2 COVID-19 tests
    • ", + "

    You cannot currently enter the UK if you\u2019ve been in or through a country on the red list unless you\u2019re British, Irish or you have the right to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must follow these rules even if you have been vaccinated.

    ", + "

    Find out which list the country you\u2019ve been in is on and what you need to do.

    ", + "

    Find out what to do if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • travelling to Scotland
    • ", + "
  • travelling to Wales
    • ", + "
  • travelling to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Before you leave for the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • provide proof of a negative COVID-19 test taken in the 3 days before you leave for the UK
    • ", + "
  • complete a passenger locator form
    • ", + "

    Find out more about what you\u2019ll need to do before you leave for the UK because of COVID-19.

    ", + "

    Your passport or identity card will be checked when you arrive at a UK port or airport to make sure you\u2019re allowed to come into the country. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.

    ", + "

    You may also need a visa to come into or travel through the UK, depending on your nationality.

    ", + "

    What you can bring with you

    ", + "

    What you can bring with you depends on where you\u2019re travelling from. You must declare to customs:

    ", + "
  • anything over your duty-free allowance
    • ", + "
  • banned or restricted goods in the UK
    • ", + "
  • goods that you plan to sell
    • ", + "
  • more than \u20ac10,000 (or its equivalent) in cash, if you\u2019re coming from outside the EU
    • ", + "

    You and your baggage may be checked for anything you must declare.

    ", + "

    COVID-19 restrictions in the UK

    ", + "

    COVID-19 restrictions currently apply in England. Find out about the:

    ", + "
  • rules in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • rules in Wales
    • ", + "
  • rules in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Before you leave for the UK

    ", + "

    Everyone travelling to the UK must:

    ", + "
  • book at least one coronavirus (COVID-19) test for after you arrive
    • ", + "
  • provide your contact details by completing the online passenger locator form
    • ", + "
  • provide proof of a negative COVID-19 test taken in the 3 days before you leave for the UK
    • ", + "
  • follow the testing and quarantine rules in England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be committing a criminal offence if you do not have proof of a negative test or you have not completed the passenger locator form. You may be fined. You may not be allowed to board. If you are not British or Irish, you may not be allowed to enter the UK.

    ", + "

    COVID-19 testing and quarantine in England

    ", + "

    What you need to do depends on where you have been in the 10 days before you arrive. If you have been in a country or territory on the:

    ", + "
  • green list - you must book a COVID-19 test to take after you arrive
    • ", + "
  • amber list - you must book 2 COVID-19 tests to take after you arrive and quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying
    • ", + "
  • red list - you must book a hotel quarantine package, which includes 2 COVID-19 tests
    • ", + "

    Find out which list the country you\u2019ve been in is on and what you need to do.

    ", + "

    You must follow these rules even if you have been vaccinated.

    ", + "

    You might be exempt from some or all COVID-19 travel and entry requirements because of your job. Check if your job means you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    Children aged 4 and under do not need to take any COVID-19 travel tests after they arrive in England.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling from a country on the amber list, you may be able to end your quarantine early by booking a third coronavirus test through Test to Release.

    ", + "

    COVID-19 testing and quarantine in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Check the rules and exemptions for quarantine and COVID-19 tests:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re travelling to Scotland
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re travelling to Wales
    • ", + "
  • If you\u2019re travelling to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Complete the passenger locator form

    ", + "

    You need to provide your journey and contact details in the 48 hours before you arrive in the UK. You must do this by completing the online passenger locator form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show your completed passenger locator form when you check in to travel or board your plane, train or ferry.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to show proof that you\u2019ve completed the form when you arrive at the UK border.

    ", + "

    Provide a negative COVID-19 test to travel to the UK

    ", + "

    You must have proof of a negative COVID-19 test to travel to the UK - even if you\u2019re a UK citizen.

    ", + "

    If your test result is positive you must not travel. You must follow the local COVID-19 rules and guidance.

    ", + "

    The test must be taken in the 3 days before you depart. The results must be in English, French or Spanish.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show the test results when you check in to travel or board your plane, train or ferry. You may also be asked to show them when you arrive.

    ", + "

    You could be fined \u00a3500 when you arrive at the border if you cannot provide proof that you have had a negative COVID-19 test.

    ", + "

    Find out more about providing a COVID-19 test result, including exemptions and acceptable types of test.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to provide a negative COVID-19 test

    ", + "

    You do not need a test if you\u2019re travelling:

    ", + "
  • within the UK, the Isle of Man, Jersey and Guernsey
    • ", + "
  • from Ireland
    • ", + "
  • from Ascension, Falkland Islands, St Helena and Myanmar
    • ", + "

    Children under 11 do not need a test.

    ", + "

    There are other reasons you might not need a test, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a job on the \u2018exempt jobs\u2019 list
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re travelling to the UK for medical reasons
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re travelling from a country where you cannot access testing facilities
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance about:

    ", + "
  • taking a COVID-19 test before you travel to England
    • ", + "
  • taking a COVID-19 test before you travel to Scotland
    • ", + "

    You must still follow the rules for quarantining when you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re from an EEA country or Switzerland

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK with either a passport or national identity card issued by an EEA country or Switzerland that should be valid for the whole of your stay.

    ", + "

    From 1 October 2021, you will not be able to use an EEA or Swiss national identity card to enter the UK unless you:

    ", + "
  • have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • have an EU Settlement Scheme family permit
    • ", + "
  • have a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • are an S2 Healthcare Visitor
    • ", + "
  • are a Swiss Service Provider
    • ", + "

    Check if you need a visa to come to the UK after 1 January 2021.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not from an EEA country

    ", + "

    You must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.

    ", + "

    You may also need a visa, depending on which country you\u2019re from.

    ", + "

    Check if you need a visa to enter the UK.

    ", + "

    You may also need a visa if you\u2019re \u2018transiting\u2019 or travelling through the UK, for example you\u2019re changing flights at a UK airport.

    ", + "

    Applying for a visa

    ", + "

    You must apply for your visa before you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Travelling with children

    ", + "

    You may be asked at the border to prove the relationship between yourself and any children travelling with you, if you do not seem to be the parent, for example if you have a different surname.

    ", + "

    You can prove this with:

    ", + "
  • a birth or adoption certificate showing your relationship with the child
    • ", + "
  • divorce or marriage certificates if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname from the child
    • ", + "
  • a letter from the child\u2019s parent giving permission for the child to travel with you and providing contact details, if you\u2019re not the parent
    • ", + "

    Before you board

    ", + "

    Your \u2018carrier\u2019 (for example airline or transport provider) will check your passport and other travel documents. They\u2019ll send this information electronically to Border Force.

    ", + "

    You can ask to see the information about you that\u2019s been sent by carriers.

    ", + "

    At border control

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering at the airport, port or station you\u2019re arriving into and follow social distancing rules.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show:

    ", + "
  • your passport or identity card
    • ", + "
  • your proof of a negative coronavirus (COVID-19) test
    • ", + "
  • your passenger locator form
    • ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • have your passport or identity card ready - remove it from a holder or wallet if you use one
    • ", + "
  • remove your face covering or sunglasses, if you\u2019re wearing them
    • ", + "
  • move through passport control together if you\u2019re in a family
    • ", + "

    You will have to wait longer than usual at border control because of COVID-19.

    ", + "

    Showing your passenger locator form

    ", + "

    You need to show proof that you\u2019ve completed a passenger locator form when you arrive at the UK border. The government will use the form to contact you if someone you\u2019ve travelled with develops COVID-19 symptoms.

    ", + "

    When you submit the form you\u2019ll receive a confirmation email with a document attached. At border control you must show either a:

    ", + "
  • printed copy of the document
    • ", + "
  • downloaded copy of document on your phone
    • ", + "

    Border Force officers will scan the QR code at the top of this document to check you have completed the form successfully.

    ", + "

    It is a criminal offence to provide false or deliberately misleading information when filling out your passenger locator form. You could be fined up to \u00a310,000, imprisoned for up to 10 years, or both, if you do not provide accurate details about the countries you have visited in the 10 days before you arrived in the UK.

    ", + "

    You may also need to show proof of a negative coronavirus test at the border. You could be fined up to \u00a3500 if you cannot show proof when asked.

    ", + "

    Arriving by bus or coach

    ", + "

    You have to leave the bus when you arrive at border control.

    ", + "

    Make sure you:

    ", + "
  • are ready to get off the bus when you arrive
    • ", + "
  • have your travel documents ready
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance for school parties and groups coming to the UK by coach.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an EEA country or Switzerland

    ", + "

    You can use the UK/EEA channel to get your passport or identity card checked - this is usually faster than the other channels.

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway.

    ", + "

    You can use automatic ePassport gates at some airports if your passport has a \u2018chip\u2019 on it and you\u2019re 12 or over. If you\u2019re between 12 and 17, you must be accompanied by an adult.

    ", + "

    These gates use facial recognition technology to check your identity against the photo in your passport.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from a non-EEA country

    ", + "

    Your passport (and visa if you have one) will be checked at border control. You\u2019ll usually be asked why you\u2019re coming to the UK.

    ", + "

    You can use the UK/EEA immigration lanes and the automatic ePassport gates if you\u2019re from:

    ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Japan
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Singapore
    • ", + "
  • South Korea
    • ", + "
  • United States
    • ", + "

    When you cannot use an ePassport gate

    ", + "

    You must see a border control officer and get a stamp in your passport if you are entering the UK:

    ", + "
  • with a Tier 5 Creative or Sporting certificate of sponsorship for up to 3 months (and you want to enter without a visa)
    • ", + "
  • on a permitted paid engagement
    • ", + "

    You cannot get a stamp if you use the ePassport gates. Without a stamp you will not be allowed to carry out the activities you came to the UK to do.

    ", + "

    Registered Travellers

    ", + "

    You can use the UK/EEA immigration lanes and the automatic ePassport gates.

    ", + "

    Travelling with a UK biometric residence permit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have a biometric residence permit if your fingerprints were taken when you applied.

    ", + "

    Your fingerprints will be checked at border control - they\u2019ll be checked against the ones stored on your visa document.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused entry

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told in writing:

    ", + "
  • why you\u2019ve been refused entry to the UK
    • ", + "
  • if you can appeal against the decision
    • ", + "
  • when you will be removed from the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to leave the UK immediately.

    ", + "

    You may be allowed into the UK temporarily (usually for up to a week) but your passport will be taken from you and you must report to immigration officers at set times.

    ", + "

    Baggage checks

    ", + "

    You must co-operate if you\u2019re stopped and asked about your baggage.

    ", + "

    If you break the rules your goods and any vehicle you use to transport them may be seized.

    ", + "

    If your baggage is checked

    ", + "

    Your baggage is usually checked in front of you.

    ", + "

    Customs officers keep a record of:

    ", + "
  • all baggage they open and check
    • ", + "
  • any damage to your baggage or belongings during a check
    • ", + "

    If your things are damaged

    ", + "

    You may be offered compensation if your baggage or belongings are damaged during a customs check.

    ", + "

    Making a complaint

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • ask for the duty manager if you want to complain about a customs check while you\u2019re at the border
    • ", + "
  • send your complaint to Border Force if you want to complain later
    • ", + "

    Layovers and transiting through a UK airport

    ", + "

    Passing through a UK airport while on the way to another country is called \u2018transiting\u2019. Some travellers call it a \u2018layover\u2019.

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of transiting:

    ", + "
  • \u2018airside\u2019 - you do not pass through UK border control before you leave on your connecting journey
    • ", + "
  • \u2018landside\u2019 - you do pass through UK border control, but come back through it and leave the UK within a short amount of time (usually 24 hours)
    • ", + "

    Find out if you need a UK visa for your layover.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) testing and quarantine

    ", + "

    Before you travel you need to:

    ", + "
  • provide your contact details by completing the online passenger locator form
    • ", + "
  • provide proof of a negative COVID-19 test
    • ", + "

    Check the rules for transiting.

    ", + "

    Quarantining when you arrive in the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to England, what you need to do depends on where you have been in the 10 days before you arrive. If you have been in a country or territory on the:

    ", + "
  • green list - you do not need to quarantine but you must take a COVID-19 test on or before day 2
    • ", + "
  • amber list - you must quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying and take 2 COVID-19 tests
    • ", + "
  • red list - you must quarantine in a hotel and take 2 COVID-19 tests
    • ", + "

    You must follow these rules even if you have been vaccinated.

    ", + "

    Find out which list the country you\u2019ve been in is on and what you need to do.

    ", + "

    You may be fined if you do not quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying or in a managed quarantine hotel when you need to. You can be prosecuted if you do not pay on time.

    ", + "

    Some people are exempt from some or all COVID-19 travel and entry requirements because of their jobs. Check if your job means you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    Quarantine rules in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Find out what to do and whether you\u2019re exempt if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • travelling to Scotland
    • ", + "
  • travelling to Wales
    • ", + "
  • travelling to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Ending quarantine early through Test to Release

    ", + "

    You may be able to end quarantine early through the \u2018Test to Release\u2019 scheme if you pay for a private coronavirus (COVID-19) test.

    ", + "

    You must still take the 2 COVID-19 tests you booked before you travelled. Find out more about the tests you must book and take.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the Test to Release scheme if you\u2019ve been in or through a country on the red list in the 10 days before you arrive in England.

    ", + "

    This guidance is for England. Find out what to do if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • travelling to Scotland
    • ", + "
  • travelling to Wales
    • ", + "
  • travelling to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    When you can take the private COVID-19 test

    ", + "

    The earliest you can take a test is 5 days after you arrive in England. For example, if you arrive on a Monday, you can take a test from the following Saturday.

    ", + "

    When you can stop quarantining

    ", + "

    If the test is negative you can stop quarantining as soon as you get the result.

    ", + "

    If the test is positive you need to quarantine for another 10 days. Count the 10 days starting from the day you took the test, or from when you first had symptoms if that is earlier.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re living or staying with someone in the UK they should also self-isolate for 10 days, starting from the day you took the test.

    ", + "

    If the test is inconclusive you also need to quarantine for another 10 days. You can stop quarantining if you take another test with an eligible private provider and the result is negative.

    ", + "

    You may be fined up to \u00a310,000 if you do not quarantine when you need to. You can be prosecuted if you do not pay the fine on time.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    Before arriving in England, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • book a test with an eligible private provider
    • ", + "
  • say that you\u2019ll be using the Test to Release scheme on the passenger locator form
    • ", + "

    You cannot take a test through NHS Test and Trace to shorten your quarantine period. You must continue to quarantine if the result from an NHS Test and Trace test is negative.

    ", + "

    If you did not book the test before you arrived in England, you can book one after you arrive. You will need to complete another passenger locator form to opt into the scheme.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Options when customs seizes your things", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/customs-seizures", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Customs will destroy or sell anything it seizes from you for breaking the rules on bringing or receiving goods from abroad, unless you:

    ", + "
  • ask for your things back - you can do this even if you agree customs was right to seize them
    • ", + "
  • think customs was wrong to seize your things - you\u2019ll have to go to court
    • ", + "

    This applies to:

    ", + "
  • goods, cars and other vehicles you bring into the UK
    • ", + "
  • any vehicle you use to transport your things
    • ", + "
  • packages in the post
    • ", + "

    Collecting things from a seized vehicle

    ", + "

    You have 45 days to collect anything you left in your vehicle if it\u2019s been seized. Send a letter marked \u2018personal property\u2019 to the address on the notice or letter you got from customs.

    ", + "

    If your things or cash are seized as criminal evidence

    ", + "

    Customs officers can also seize goods, vehicles and cash you bring into the UK if they suspect a crime. They\u2019ll explain what happens next and what you can do.

    ", + "

    Complain about how you were treated

    ", + "

    You can complain about how customs officers treated you during a customs seizure. Complain to Border Force or HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), depending on who seized your things.

    ", + "

    Check the notice or letter you got from customs if you do not know who seized your things.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you have questions about customs.

    ", + "

    Ask for your things back

    ", + "

    You can ask for your things back (make a \u2018restoration request\u2019) even if you agree customs was right to take them.

    ", + "

    If you think you should get your things back because you did not break the rules (for example, you brought in alcohol for your own use) you must ask for a court hearing instead of making a restoration request.

    ", + "

    If your request is accepted, you can get your things back but you may have to pay a fee and any duty you owe.

    ", + "

    You may be offered compensation if your things have already been destroyed or sold.

    ", + "

    Making a request

    ", + "

    Follow the example letter or write your own.

    ", + "

    You must explain why you think you should get your things back, for example you can now provide missing import or export documents.

    ", + "

    You must include:

    ", + "
  • the seizure reference number on the notice you got from customs
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • a list of the things you want back - include details, for example quantities and brands
    • ", + "
  • proof of ownership - for a vehicle, this must be proof of purchase, for example a receipt
    • ", + "
  • anything else that supports your request to get your things back, for example import documents
    • ", + "

    Notice 12A gives detailed guidance about making a restoration request and getting compensation.

    ", + "

    Where to send it

    ", + "

    Send your request to Border Force if it seized your things.

    ", + "

    If HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) seized your things, send your request to the address on the notice or letter you got from customs.

    ", + "

    Check the notice or letter you got from customs if you do not know who seized your things. Contact HMRC if you need a copy of the notice.

    ", + "

    Deadline

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no deadline for making a restoration request. But your things will usually be destroyed or sold:

    ", + "
  • straight away if they\u2019re perishable, for example food, beer or tobacco
    • ", + "
  • 45 days after they\u2019re seized if they\u2019re not perishable, for example spirits and cars
    • ", + "

    If you send a restoration request, non-perishable things are usually kept until your request is considered.

    ", + "

    Getting legal help

    ", + "

    You can appoint someone to deal with your request for you, for example a solicitor. Send an agent authority form with your request.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the response

    ", + "

    You can ask for the response to your request to be reviewed if:

    ", + "
  • you do not get your things back or get compensation
    • ", + "
  • you disagree with the fee for getting your things back
    • ", + "

    The letter telling you the response will also tell you how to ask for a review.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the review

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the tax tribunal if you disagree with the outcome of the review.

    ", + "

    Ask for a court hearing

    ", + "

    Send a \u2018notice of claim\u2019 if you think it was illegal for customs to seize your things, for example you brought in alcohol or tobacco for your personal use.

    ", + "

    A seizure is legal if you break the rules on bringing or receiving things from abroad.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to go to court - if you win your claim, you\u2019ll get your things back. If they\u2019ve already been disposed of, you can ask for compensation.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay court costs if you do not win your claim.

    ", + "

    Sending a notice of claim

    ", + "

    Follow the example notice of claim or write your own. You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • the seizure reference number on the notice you got from customs
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • a list of the things you think customs was wrong to seize - include details, for example quantities and brands
    • ", + "
  • proof of ownership if your vehicle was seized
    • ", + "
  • why you think it was illegal for customs to seize your things
    • ", + "

    Notice 12A gives detailed guidance about making a claim and what happens in a court hearing.

    ", + "

    If Border Force seized your things

    ", + "

    Send your notice of claim to Border Force\u2019s post seizure unit.

    ", + "

    If HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) seized your things

    ", + "

    For excise goods such as alcohol, tobacco and fuel, send your notice of claim to:

    ", + "

    For all other goods send your notice of claim to:

    ", + "

    Check the notice or letter you got from customs if you do not know who seized your things. Contact HMRC if you need a copy of the notice.

    ", + "

    Deadline

    ", + "

    Your notice of claim must be received by HMRC or Border Force within a month of your things being seized.

    ", + "

    Your things are usually kept until your claim is decided, unless they\u2019re perishable, for example they\u2019re food.

    ", + "

    Get legal help

    ", + "

    You can appoint someone (for example, a solicitor) to deal with your claim and represent you in court.

    ", + "

    Send an agent authority form with your notice of claim.

    ", + "

    If you live outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must appoint a UK solicitor to handle your claim and represent you in court.

    ", + "

    Send an agent authority form giving the solicitor\u2019s details with your notice of claim.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Applying for a visa to come to the UK", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-to-come-to-the-uk", + "contents": [ + "

    Choose a visa

    ", + "

    You may need a visa to come to the UK to study, work, visit or join family.

    ", + "

    There are different visas depending on:

    ", + "
  • where you come from
    • ", + "
  • why you want to come to the UK
    • ", + "
  • how long you want to stay for
    • ", + "
  • your personal circumstances and skills
    • ", + "

    Before you apply, you must check if you need a visa and what type you need. Depending on your nationality, you might not need a visa to visit or transit through the UK.

    ", + "

    Your application must be approved before you travel.

    ", + "

    You do not need a visa if you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and you came to the UK by 31 December 2020. If you started living in the UK by that date you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue to work, live or study in the UK.

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply for a visa if you\u2019re an Irish citizen.

    ", + "

    If you want to visit the UK

    ", + "

    Apply for a Standard Visitor visa to visit the UK for up to 6 months. For example:

    ", + "
  • for a holiday or to see family and friends
    • ", + "
  • for a business trip or meeting
    • ", + "
  • to do a short course of study
    • ", + "

    You must apply for a Marriage Visitor visa if you want to visit the UK to get married or register a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    If you have a visitor visa you cannot take a job in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling through the UK

    ", + "

    You might need a visa if you\u2019re travelling through the UK on your way to another country, for example if you have a layover between flights.

    ", + "

    Apply for a visa to travel through the UK.

    ", + "

    If you want to study in the UK

    ", + "

    Your course length, type and place of study affect which visa to apply for.

    ", + "

    A Standard Visitor visa lets you do a short course of study that lasts no longer than 6 months.

    ", + "

    A Short-term study visa lets you come to the UK to study an English language course that is over 6 months and up to 11 months.

    ", + "

    A Student visa is usually for a longer course. You must be sponsored by a licensed college or university and have a confirmed place. You may be able to do some work on this visa.

    ", + "

    A Child Student visa is for 4 to 17 year olds who want to study at an independent school. If you\u2019re 16 or over, you can do some work on this visa.

    ", + "

    If you want to work or invest in the UK

    ", + "

    You can work in the UK on a short or long-term basis with a work visa. There are many types of work visa.

    ", + "

    The visa you need depends upon:

    ", + "
  • your skills and qualifications
    • ", + "
  • if you have a job offer and sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • if you want to bring your family with you
    • ", + "
  • what you\u2019ll be doing - for example sporting, charitable or religious work
    • ", + "

    You can also invest money in the UK with an Investor visa. You can set up a business with a Start-up visa or an Innovator visa.

    ", + "

    If you want to join family in the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a spouse, partner or family member of someone who has British citizenship or settlement in the UK, you can apply for a family visa to join them. They may need to show that they can support you financially.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for indefinite leave to remain (ILR) after a set amount of time living in the UK.

    ", + "

    If your family member is in the UK on a visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a visa to join a family member who\u2019s in the UK on a visa. They must be either:

    ", + "
  • your spouse or partner
    • ", + "
  • your parent if you\u2019re 18 or under
    • ", + "

    Check what visa you\u2019ll need to join them.

    ", + "

    If your family member is from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    You can apply for a free family permit if you have a close family member who was living in the UK by 31 December 2020. A family permit lets you live, work and study in the UK for up to 6 months.

    ", + "

    Close family members include your spouse or civil partner, child, grandchild, parent or grandparent.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme after your family permit expires.

    ", + "

    Family reunion visas for refugees

    ", + "

    If you were separated from your partner or child when you were forced to leave your country, they can apply to join you in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your family members can apply if you have been given asylum or 5 years\u2019 humanitarian protection, and not have British citizenship.

    ", + "

    Other ways to get permission to live in the UK

    ", + "

    Commonwealth citizens

    ", + "

    You can apply for an Ancestry visa to work in the UK if you have a British grandparent and meet other eligibility criteria.

    ", + "

    You may have right of abode to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen and cannot prove your right to be in the UK, read about the Windrush scheme.

    ", + "

    Returning residents

    ", + "

    If you had indefinite leave to remain (ILR) and left the UK for more than 2 years you\u2019ll need to apply for a Returning Resident visa to come back.

    ", + "

    Other visas

    ", + "

    There may be another visa that\u2019s right for you based on your circumstances. Check if you need a visa and what other visas you\u2019re eligible for.

    ", + "

    Prepare your application

    ", + "

    You can apply and pay for most visas online.

    ", + "

    If you have dependants who want to come to the UK with you, each person will need to apply and pay separately.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is usually:

    ", + "
  • 3 months before your planned travel date for visit visas
    • ", + "
  • 3 months before your employment start date for most work visas
    • ", + "
  • 6 months before your course start date for Student and Child Student visas
    • ", + "

    Get an estimate of how long it\u2019ll take to process your application.

    ", + "

    Settlement applications take up to 6 months and must be approved before you come to the UK. If you\u2019re given permission to settle in the UK, you must travel before your permission ends.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There is a fee for each visa. The fee depends on which visa you apply for.

    ", + "

    You can choose to pay more to get a faster decision for some visas.

    ", + "

    The fees are the same for each family member who applies to come to the UK with you.

    ", + "

    Pay for healthcare

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application, if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • applying for a visa to work, study or join your family
    • ", + "
  • applying to stay for more than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • not applying to live permanently in the UK
    • ", + "

    Applying for someone else

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa for someone else. For example, a relative overseas who does not have access to a computer or your child, if they cannot apply for themselves.

    ", + "

    You must get permission from the person you\u2019re applying for, or written permission from their parent or guardian if the applicant is under 18.

    ", + "

    Enter the applicant\u2019s details into the form, not your own.

    ", + "

    Proving you do not have tuberculosis (TB)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re coming to the UK for more than 6 months you might need to have a TB test.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019ll need a TB test.

    ", + "

    If you do, you must provide a certificate showing you do not have TB with your visa application.

    ", + "

    Change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you want to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    Prove your identity

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide documents to show your eligibility.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • go to an appointment at a visa application centre
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 smartphone app
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll find out if you need to go to an appointment or use the smartphone app when you start your application.

    ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment at a visa application centre

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a visa application centre to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photograph).

    ", + "

    At the appointment, you\u2019ll need to submit documents that show your eligibility. The document checklist in your application will explain what to provide.

    ", + "

    Some visa application centres may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application.

    ", + "

    You may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    If you applied for someone else

    ", + "

    The applicant will need to attend the appointment at the visa application centre to provide their biometric information and documents.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to sign a copy of their application form, to confirm that the information is correct.

    ", + "

    If you need to use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 smartphone app

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document and submit a digital photo of your face.

    ", + "

    You will need to scan and upload documents that show your eligibility as part of your online application. The document checklist in your application will explain what to provide.

    ", + "

    If you applied for someone else

    ", + "

    The applicant will need to prove their identity using the app.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision on your application

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or an email with the result of your application. It will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given either:

    ", + "
  • a sticker (called a vignette) that goes in your passport - if you gave your biometric information at a visa application centre
    • ", + "
  • access to view your immigration status information online - if you used the smartphone app to prove your identity
    • ", + "

    The vignette or online immigration status information will show:

    ", + "
  • what you\u2019ve been granted (for example, a Student visa)
    • ", + "
  • the dates your visa is valid (start date and end date)
    • ", + "
  • the conditions of your visa
    • ", + "

    Your visa conditions

    ", + "

    The conditions say what you can and cannot do in the UK. For example, they might say:

    ", + "
  • \u2018No access to public funds\u2019 - you cannot claim benefits
    • ", + "
  • \u2018No work\u2019 - you cannot take paid or unpaid work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • \u2018Restricted work\u2019 - you can only work for your sponsor
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be told if you need to register your personal details with the UK police.

    ", + "

    Getting your vignette

    ", + "

    If the visa application centre kept your passport, they\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • send it to you with the vignette inside - if you paid for this service when you applied
    • ", + "
  • ask you to collect the passport and vignette
    • ", + "

    If you kept your passport, you\u2019ll need to take it to the visa application centre to collect your vignette.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a national of Kuwait, Oman, Qatar or the United Arab Emirates and you applied for an electronic visa waiver this permission is sent to you electronically (you do not receive a vignette).

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s an error in your vignette

    ", + "

    If you notice an error in your vignette, you should contact your visa application centre immediately to correct it before you come to the UK.

    ", + "

    If you notice the error after you\u2019ve arrived in the UK, you must report it to UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) within 3 months of arriving or you\u2019ll need to make a new application.

    ", + "

    Getting a biometric residence permit

    ", + "

    If you get a vignette and you\u2019re coming to the UK for more than 6 months then you have to collect a biometric residence permit (BRP) after you arrive.

    ", + "

    You must do this before the vignette sticker expires or within 10 days of arriving in the UK, whichever is later.

    ", + "

    You choose where to collect your BRP from during your application.

    ", + "

    When you get your BRP, check the details are correct. If your name is long it may appear \u2018cut off\u2019. This is not a mistake - it is because there is limited space on the BRP card. However, if there\u2019s a spelling mistake, you must report it.

    ", + "

    You need to report any errors in your BRP within 10 days of collecting it.

    ", + "

    If you get access to your immigration status information online

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to view your immigration status information online. You can also use the online service to share your immigration status information with others, for example employers or universities.

    ", + "

    Some government organisations and public authorities will be able to access your immigration status information, for example when you travel through the UK border.

    ", + "

    You will not get a vignette or a BRP.

    ", + "

    If your application is refused

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or an email explaining why your application was refused.

    ", + "

    Your passport will be returned, if it was kept as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Your refusal letter will explain if you have the right to either an:

    ", + "
  • administrative review
    • ", + "
  • immigration decision appeal
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Pay for UK healthcare as part of your immigration application", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-immigration-application", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might need to pay a healthcare surcharge (called the \u2018immigration health surcharge\u2019 or IHS) as part of your immigration application.

    ", + "

    Whether you need to pay depends on the immigration status you\u2019re applying for.

    ", + "

    When you must pay

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making your immigration application online, you pay the surcharge as part of your application or when you book an appointment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying by post, you pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include the IHS reference number on your application form.

    ", + "

    When you can start to use the NHS

    ", + "

    You can start using the National Health Service (NHS) when both:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve paid the healthcare surcharge (or are exempt from paying it)
    • ", + "
  • your visa or immigration application is granted
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to pay for certain types of services, such as prescriptions, dental treatment, eye tests and assisted conception.

    ", + "

    When you access healthcare in the UK, you may need to:

    ", + "
  • provide your biometric residence permit, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • prove your status online using a share code, if you have a digital immigration status
    • ", + "

    Who needs to pay

    ", + "

    You usually need to pay the healthcare surcharge if you\u2019re applying for a visa or immigration application:

    ", + "
  • for more than 6 months, if you\u2019re applying outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • for any length of time, if you\u2019re applying inside the UK
    • ", + "

    You do not need to pay if you\u2019re applying for a visitor visa or to remain in the UK permanently.

    ", + "

    You still need to pay even if you have private medical insurance.

    ", + "

    Who only needs an IHS reference number

    ", + "

    You still need to use the payment service to get an immigration health surcharge (IHS) reference number but you will not need to pay if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a child under 18 who has been taken into care by a local authority
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a relevant civilian employee at NATO or the Australian Department of Defence in the UK (or you\u2019re their dependant)
    • ", + "

    The service will tell you that you do not have to pay anything and will give you your healthcare surcharge reference number for your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to use the National Health Service (NHS) even if you\u2019re exempt from paying.

    ", + "

    Who does not need to pay or get an IHS reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to use the NHS without paying the surcharge or getting a reference number if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to enter or remain
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a health and care worker who is eligible for a Health and Care Worker visa (or you\u2019re their dependant)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying to the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a diplomat or a member of a visiting armed forces and not subject to immigration control
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a dependant of a member of the UK\u2019s armed forces
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the dependant of a member of another country\u2019s armed forces who is exempt from immigration control
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying for a visa for the Isle of Man or Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a British Overseas Territory citizen resident in the Falkland Islands
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an asylum seeker or applying for humanitarian protection (or you\u2019re their dependant)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a domestic worker who has been identified as a victim of slavery or human trafficking
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying for discretionary leave to remain in the UK as someone who has been identified as a victim of slavery or human trafficking (or you\u2019re their dependant)
    • ", + "
  • the Home Office\u2019s domestic violence concession applies to you (or you\u2019re their dependant)
    • ", + "
  • being made to leave the UK would be against your rights under Article 3 of the European Convention of Human Rights (or you\u2019re their dependant)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an S2 Healthcare Visitor
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re eligible for a Frontier Worker permit and have an S1 certificate
    • ", + "

    You need to pay the healthcare surcharge if you apply for indefinite leave to remain but are only given limited leave. You\u2019ll need to pay before you\u2019re given the leave.

    ", + "

    Visitor visas and short-term visas

    ", + "

    You do not need to pay the surcharge or get an IHS reference number if you\u2019re applying for a:

    ", + "
  • visitor visa
    • ", + "
  • visa for 6 months or less from outside the UK
    • ", + "

    You will need to pay for any NHS care you get at the point you use it - unless it\u2019s a service that\u2019s free.

    ", + "

    How much you have to pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3470 per year for a student or Youth Mobility Scheme visa, for example \u00a3940 for a 2-year visa
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3470 per year for visa and immigration applicants who are under the age of 18 at time of application
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3624 per year for all other visa and immigration applications, for example \u00a33,120 for a 5-year visa
    • ", + "

    Dependants aged 18 or over usually need to pay the same amount as you.

    ", + "

    The exact amount you have to pay depends on how much leave you\u2019re granted. Calculate how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay half of the yearly amount if your application includes part of a year that is less than 6 months.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay for a whole year if your application includes part of a year that is more than 6 months.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically get a partial refund if you paid the healthcare surcharge for more years than you were granted leave.

    ", + "

    When you must pay

    ", + "

    If you apply for a visa online, you pay the surcharge as part of the application.

    ", + "

    If you apply for a visa by post, you must pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include your IHS reference number on the application form.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email from UK Visas and Immigration if you do not pay the surcharge (or do not pay enough) as part of your visa or immigration application.

    ", + "

    Check your junk folder if you cannot see the email in your inbox.

    ", + "

    Once you get the email, you must pay the surcharge within:

    ", + "
  • 10 working days if you\u2019re inside the UK
    • ", + "
  • 7 working days if you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Your visa or immigration application will be turned down if you do not pay the full amount in this time.

    ", + "

    Pay the healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making an immigration application online you pay the healthcare surcharge as part of the application process. You must complete the payment and return to the online immigration application in less than 30 minutes.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making an immigration application by post you must pay the healthcare surcharge before you complete your application.

    ", + "

    You must pay the healthcare surcharge by debit or credit card.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying online, you\u2019ll be asked for:

    ", + "
  • the start and end dates on your certificate of sponsorship, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • your course dates, if you\u2019re applying as a student
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying by post, you\u2019ll also be asked for:

    ", + "
  • the type of visa you\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "
  • your passport or travel document number
    • ", + "
  • an email address
    • ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    You need to pay by cash at the UK embassy if you\u2019re in the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea.

    ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the same information that you used to pay for:

    ", + "
  • any person applying for a visa or other immigration application with you, for example a dependant
    • ", + "
  • any person you\u2019re applying to join or remain who is already in the UK (you do not need to add this person\u2019s details if they are a UK or EEA citizen)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need their leave expiry date if you\u2019re joining someone in the UK (or IHS reference number if they have one).

    ", + "

    Finish your visa or immigration application

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll be sent an email with an IHS reference number. This will also be shown on screen when you\u2019ve paid. You can only use this number once - you\u2019ll need to get another one if you reapply.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll need to write this on the cover of your visa application if you\u2019re applying by post. You need this reference even if you\u2019re exempt from paying the healthcare surcharge.
    • ", + "
  • Finish your application form and pay your visa or immigration application fee.
    • ", + "

    Refunds

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a full immigration health surcharge (IHS) refund if:

    ", + "
  • you paid twice
    • ", + "
  • your visa application is refused
    • ", + "
  • you withdraw your visa application
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a partial IHS refund if your visa application\u2019s successful but:

    ", + "
  • you get less time on your visa than you asked for
    • ", + "
  • any dependants on your visa application are refused
    • ", + "

    If you are due a full or partial refund for these reasons, you do not have to do anything to get it. It will be automatically paid to the account or card you paid with.

    ", + "

    You will not get a refund if:

    ", + "
  • your visa application is successful but you do not come to the UK
    • ", + "
  • you leave the UK before your visa ends, for example to make a new application
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re told to leave the UK before your visa expires
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to remain
    • ", + "

    If your healthcare is paid for by an EU country

    ", + "

    You may get a full or partial IHS refund if you have an S1 certificate registered with the NHS Business Services Authority.

    ", + "

    You can also apply for a full or partial IHS refund if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a full-time student in UK higher education
    • ", + "
  • your visa started on or after 1 January 2021
    • ", + "
  • you have a European Healthcare Insurance Card (EHIC) issued in an EU country
    • ", + "
  • you do not work
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming as a full-time student with an EHIC, you can apply for a refund of the IHS you paid to cover any period starting on or after 1 January 2021. Applications open from 1 January 2022.

    ", + "

    The amount you\u2019re refunded will depend on the date your S1 certificate or EHIC runs out.

    ", + "

    Find out more about applying for a refund.

    ", + "

    If you work in health and care

    ", + "

    You and your dependants may be able to get a refund of the IHS if you work in health and care.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible for a refund as a health or care worker.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You usually get your refund within 6 weeks of getting a decision on your visa application. It can take longer if you appeal or ask for an administrative review after your visa application is refused.

    ", + "

    If you appeal or ask for an administrative review

    ", + "

    If you applied from:

    ", + "
  • inside the UK - you\u2019ll get your refund up to 6 weeks after your appeal or administrative review is dismissed
    • ", + "
  • outside the UK - you\u2019ll get your refund up to 6 weeks after your visa application is refused
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to repay the IHS if your appeal or administrative review is successful and you\u2019ve already got your IHS refund.

    ", + "

    You might have to repay a different amount if:

    ", + "
  • the length of your stay changes
    • ", + "
  • you get less time on your visa than you asked for
    • ", + "

    Contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if your refund is not paid within 6 weeks.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get a faster decision on your visa or settlement application", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/faster-decision-visa-settlement", + "contents": [ + "

    Applying from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay for a faster decision on a visa or settlement (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) application if you\u2019re applying from inside the UK.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you can currently only pay for a faster decision on certain visas.

    ", + "

    To get a decision within 5 working days

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible you can choose the \u2018priority service\u2019 when you apply. It costs \u00a3500 in addition to the application fee.

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 5 working days of your UK Visa and Citizen Application Services (UKVCAS) appointment.

    ", + "

    To get a decision by the end of the next working day

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible you can choose the \u2018super priority service\u2019 when you apply. It costs \u00a3800 in addition to the application fee.

    ", + "

    A decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your appointment, if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your appointment, if your appointment is at the weekend or on a bank holiday
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email followed by a decision letter (either in the post or by email).

    ", + "

    If your application is approved, the email will let you know the outcome. If your application is refused, the outcome will not be mentioned in the email.

    ", + "

    When you might wait longer for a decision

    ", + "

    You might wait longer for a decision if you need to provide more information. You\u2019ll be told how and when to provide it.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll get your biometric residence permit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually receive your biometric residence permit (BRP) within 7 to 10 days of your decision. If it does not arrive, you can report your missing BRP online.

    ", + "

    Your BRP will be sent to the address you gave in your application. You need to update your address before your application is approved if you want it sent elsewhere.

    ", + "

    Eligible visas when applying from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply for a faster decision on certain visa applications or applications to settle in the UK.

    ", + "

    These tables list the eligible applications and whether you can pay to get a faster decision:

    ", + "
  • within 5 working days
    • ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) there\u2019s a limit on how many people can apply for a faster decision. If you are not offered the option to apply for a faster decision, you can still complete a standard application.

    ", + "

    Eligible visa applications

    ", + " | Decision available within 5 working days | Decision available by the end of the next working day", + "Child student visa | Yes | Yes", + "Global Talent visa | Yes | Yes", + "Health and Care Worker visa | Yes | Yes", + "Innovator visa | Yes | Yes", + "Intra-company visas | Yes | Yes", + "Investor visa (Tier 1) | Yes | No", + "Minister of Religion visa (T2) | Yes | Yes", + "Skilled Worker visa | Yes | Yes", + "Sportsperson visa (T2) | Yes | Yes", + "Start-up visa | Yes | Yes", + "Student visa | Yes | Yes", + "Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) | Yes | Yes", + "Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) | Yes | Yes", + "Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5) | Yes | Yes", + "Temporary Worker \u2013 International Agreement Worker visa (T5) | Yes | Yes", + "Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5) | Yes | Yes", + "Temporary Worker - Seasonal Worker visa (T5) | Yes | Yes", + "Applying as the dependent child or partner on a work, student, global talent, start up or innovator visa | Yes | Yes", + "Applying as the dependent child or partner on an investor visa | Yes | No", + "Applying on the basis of family life as a partner, parent or dependent child or on the basis of private life in the UK (through form FLR(FP) or form FLR(M)) | No | Yes", + "Applying for human rights claims, leave outside the rules and other routes through form FLR(HRO) | No | Yes", + "Applying for other routes through form FLR(IR) | No | Yes", + "

    Eligible applications to settle in the UK

    ", + " | Decision available within 5 working days | Decision available by the end of the next working day", + "Application to settle on the basis of UK Ancestry (through form SET(O)) | No | Yes", + "Application to settle as a former member of HM Forces (through form SET(AF)) | No | Yes", + "Application to settle as a child under 18 (through form SET(F)) | No | Yes", + "Application to settle if you\u2019ve been in the UK legally for 10 continuous years (known as \u2018long residence\u2019) | No | Yes", + "Application to settle if you work, establish a business or invest in the UK (through form SET(O)) | Yes | Yes", + "Application to settle as the dependent child or partner if you work, establish a business or invest in the UK | Yes | Yes", + "Application to settle as the partner of a person, or parent of a child, who is present and settled in the UK (through form SET(M)) | No | Yes", + "

    Applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Whether you can apply for a faster decision on a visa or settlement (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) application depends on which country you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you can only pay for a faster decision through some visa application centres. Check with the visa application centre you\u2019re applying through.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll let you know if you can apply to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • within 5 working days (\u2018priority service\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day (\u2018super priority service\u2019)
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll also tell you what will happen after you\u2019ve applied.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from Europe, Africa or some Middle Eastern countries

    ", + "

    To find out if you can get a faster decision through your visa application centre, select the country you\u2019re applying from on the TLScontact list (and the right centre, if there\u2019s more than one). Then check the \u2018Added Value Services\u2019 section of the page for that centre to see if the option is available.

    ", + "

    The Middle Eastern countries on this list are:

    ", + "
  • Jordan
    • ", + "
  • Israel
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from somewhere else

    ", + "

    To find out if you can get a faster decision through your visa application centre, select the country you\u2019re applying from on the VFS global website. Then check the \u2018premium services\u2019 page for your nearest centre to see if the option is available.

    ", + "

    If you cannot find the information, you can email VFS.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Biometric residence permits (BRPs)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/biometric-residence-permits", + "contents": [ + "

    What a BRP is

    ", + "

    A biometric residence permit (BRP) can be used to confirm your:

    ", + "
  • identity
    • ", + "
  • right to study or work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • right to any public services or benefits you\u2019re entitled to
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a BRP if you:

    ", + "
  • apply to come to the UK for longer than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • extend your visa to longer than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle in the UK
    • ", + "
  • transfer your visa to a new passport
    • ", + "
  • apply for certain Home Office travel documents
    • ", + "

    You do not have to apply separately for a BRP.

    ", + "

    You will not get a BRP if you use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to prove your identity when applying for your visa. You\u2019ll get a digital immigration status instead.

    ", + "

    What\u2019s on your BRP

    ", + "

    Your BRP will include:

    ", + "
  • your name, date and place of birth
    • ", + "
  • your fingerprints and a photo of your face (this is your biometric information)
    • ", + "
  • your immigration status and any conditions of your stay
    • ", + "
  • whether you can access public funds, for example benefits and health services
    • ", + "

    You may have a National Insurance (NI) number printed on the back of your BRP. Not all BRPs have this - it depends on factors like the date it was issued and your visa status.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply for an NI number if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • there is not one on your BRP
    • ", + "
  • you do not already have one
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re planning to work, claim benefits, apply for a student loan or pay Class 3 voluntary National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "

    Guidance

    ", + "

    Read the guidance about biometric residence permits if you\u2019re applying from:

    ", + "
  • inside the UK
    • ", + "
  • outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Give your fingerprints and photo

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to provide your fingerprints and photo (\u2018biometric information\u2019) if you\u2019re getting a biometric residence permit (BRP) as part of your visa or immigration application.

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • have a digital photo taken of your face
    • ", + "
  • put your fingers on a glass screen to be scanned
    • ", + "

    The process takes less than 5 minutes and does not involve any ink or mess. You will not need to take off your head covering if you wear it for religious or medical reasons.

    ", + "

    If you do not have any fingers you only need to have a digital photo taken of your face. It will be noted on your records that you\u2019re physically unable to provide fingerprints.

    ", + "

    What children need to do when they give their biometric information

    ", + "

    Children under 16 must be accompanied by a parent, guardian or someone over 18 who has legal responsibility for them.

    ", + "

    Children do not need to give their fingerprints if they are under 5 when they apply.

    ", + "

    Where to provide your biometric information

    ", + "

    Where you give your biometric information depends on how you\u2019re making your visa or immigration application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from within the UK, you\u2019ll usually go to one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point
    • ", + "
  • a Service and Support Centre (SSC)
    • ", + "
  • a Post Office branch
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK, you\u2019ll be asked to go to a visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Most overseas UK visa application centres are open, but some are closed until further notice because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Check with your local visa application centre for the latest information on the services they\u2019re offering.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend your stay or switch to a different visa, you must be in the UK to provide your biometric information.

    ", + "

    Fee

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a319.20 to give your biometric information (or reuse it if you\u2019ve provided it before) if you apply from within the UK.

    ", + "

    If you apply from outside the UK the cost is included in your application fee.

    ", + "

    Getting your BRP

    ", + "

    How you get your biometric residence permit (BRP) depends on where you made your visa or immigration application.

    ", + "

    If you applied from inside the UK

    ", + "

    Your BRP will be sent to you by courier. You do not need to collect it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually receive it within 7 to 10 days of getting your \u2018decision letter\u2019 from the Home Office saying that you can remain in the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out what to do if your BRP has not arrived within 10 days.

    ", + "

    Your BRP will be sent to the address you gave in your application. If you want it to be sent elsewhere, you need to\u00a0update your address\u00a0before you receive your decision letter.

    ", + "

    If you applied from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Collect your BRP once you\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must usually do this before the vignette sticker in your travel document expires or within 10 days of arriving in the UK, whichever is later.

    ", + "

    Do not collect your BRP if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19). The Post Office will keep your BRP for 90 days. Collect it when you finish self-isolating.

    ", + "

    Check your decision letter. It will tell you to collect your BRP from either:

    ", + "
  • a named Post Office branch
    • ", + "
  • your sponsor, if you chose this option when you applied
    • ", + "

    You must be over 18 to collect a BRP.

    ", + "

    If your Post Office branch is closed because of coronavirus, your BRP will be stored safely until it reopens. Contact your Post Office for more information.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    Bring your passport or travel document with your vignette sticker in when you collect your BRP.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your vignette sticker when your visa application is approved. You have permission to come to the UK within 90 days of getting it.

    ", + "

    Collecting a child\u2019s BRP

    ", + "

    You must be nominated to collect a child\u2019s BRP, even if you\u2019re the child\u2019s parent.

    ", + "

    The Home Office will contact you if you\u2019re approved to collect the child\u2019s BRP.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to approve requests to collect a BRP on behalf of a child. This is because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    If the child needs to leave and re-enter the UK before you\u2019re approved to collect their BRP, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let them re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.

    ", + "

    You do not need to be nominated if you\u2019re also collecting your own BRP and you are named on your child\u2019s vignette sticker.

    ", + "

    Collecting your BRP from a different Post Office branch

    ", + "

    You can choose to pick up your BRP from a different Post Office branch. You\u2019ll need to arrange this at the branch and pay a fee.

    ", + "

    Check that the Post Office branch you want to use offers a \u2018BRP collection service\u2019.

    ", + "

    Nominate someone else to collect your BRP

    ", + "

    You can nominate someone else to collect your BRP if you have a serious illness or disability that prevents you from collecting it. They must provide your passport as evidence that you\u2019ve entered the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot nominate someone to collect your BRP if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus. Collect it when you finish self-isolating.

    ", + "

    The person you nominate must have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a passport
    • ", + "
  • an EU national identity card
    • ", + "
  • a BRP
    • ", + "

    You can get someone to make the nomination for you, for example a legal representative, charity, employer, college or university.

    ", + "

    The Home Office will contact you if the person you nominate is approved to collect your BRP.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to approve nominations to collect a BRP on behalf of someone else. This is because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    If you need to leave and re-enter the UK before the person you\u2019ve nominated to collect your BRP is approved, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.

    ", + "

    If you change your mind, you can still collect your BRP yourself or you can nominate a different person. You do not need to cancel the original nomination.

    ", + "

    Nominate someone

    ", + "

    Report a problem with collecting your BRP

    ", + "

    Tell the Home Office if you cannot collect your BRP for any reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you went to collect it from the Post Office and it was not there
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lost your passport or travel document, or cannot prove your identity
    • ", + "
  • you do not know which Post Office to go to because you\u2019ve lost your decision letter
    • ", + "

    The Home Office will email you to tell you what to do next. It\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to respond because of coronavirus. It\u2019ll take longer if you do not give an email address.

    ", + "

    If you need to leave and re-enter the UK before you get your BRP, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.

    ", + "

    Do not tell the Home Office that you cannot collect your BRP if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus. Collect it when you finish self-isolating.

    ", + "

    Report now

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a problem with your BRP

    ", + "

    Report any problems with your BRP within 10 days of collecting it.

    ", + "

    If your BRP has not arrived

    ", + "

    You will usually receive your biometric residence permit (BRP) within 10 days of getting your \u2018decision letter\u2019 from the Home Office if you applied from inside the UK.

    ", + "

    Before your BRP arrives

    ", + "

    You may be able to prove your immigration status a different way if your BRP has not arrived yet.

    ", + "

    Prove your right to work

    ", + "

    If the visa sticker (called a vignette) in your passport or travel document has not expired, you can use it as proof of your right to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    If the vignette has expired, your employer can ask the Home Office to confirm your right to work.

    ", + "

    Prove your right to rent in England

    ", + "

    If the visa sticker (called a vignette) in your passport or travel document has not expired, you can use it as proof of your right to rent.

    ", + "

    If the vignette has expired, your landlord can contact the Home Office to confirm your right to rent.

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your right to rent in Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Prove your immigration status to the government or the NHS

    ", + "

    If you need to prove your status to get benefits or use the NHS, tell the government department, local council or NHS service you\u2019re dealing with that your BRP has not arrived. They will contact the Home Office to confirm your status.

    ", + "

    Leave the UK

    ", + "

    If you need to leave and re-enter the UK before you get your BRP, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • choose the country you\u2019re going to provide your fingerprints and photo in
    • ", + "
  • confirm that you can travel to a visa application centre
    • ", + "

    Apply for a replacement BRP visa.

    ", + "

    Open a bank account

    ", + "

    You usually do not need a BRP to open a bank account. Contact the bank to check if you\u2019ll need a BRP or if you can use a different document.

    ", + "

    If your BRP has not arrived within 10 days

    ", + "

    Contact the delivery provider TNT if either:

    ", + "
  • your BRP has not arrived within 10 days of you getting your decision letter
    • ", + "
  • you missed the delivery of your BRP
    • ", + "

    The delivery provider will track your BRP and rearrange delivery, if needed.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • the postcode of the address you gave in your application
    • ", + "
  • the consignment number
    • ", + "

    Your consignment number is a 9 number code - you\u2019ll usually have it in an email from gov.notify and TNT.

    ", + "

    Contact TNT to track or rearrange the delivery of your BRP.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a consignment number or TNT is unable to help, tell the Home Office that your BRP has not arrived.

    ", + "

    Tell the Home Office that your BRP has not arrived

    ", + "

    You can contact the Home Office about your BRP delivery if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve applied from inside the UK
    • ", + "
  • your \u2018decision letter\u2019 from the Home Office saying that you can remain in the UK arrived more than 10 days ago
    • ", + "

    You should only contact the Home Office if either:

    ", + "
  • you have already contacted the delivery provider, and they could not help you
    • ", + "
  • you do not have a consignment number to track your delivery with the delivery provider
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the following information:

    ", + "
  • your full name, date of birth and nationality
    • ", + "
  • an email or postal address
    • ", + "
  • your decision letter
    • ", + "

    You can get someone to contact the Home Office for you, for example a legal representative, charity, employer, college or university.

    ", + "

    The Home Office will email you to tell you what to do next. It\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to respond because of coronavirus (COVID-19). It\u2019ll take longer if you do not give an email address.

    ", + "

    Do not use this service if the delivery provider tried to deliver your BRP and left a card, or sent a text message or email. Contact them to rearrange delivery.

    ", + "

    Report now

    ", + "

    Report a problem with your new BRP

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a problem with your BRP when it arrives, report it within 10 days. Otherwise you may have to apply and pay for a replacement.

    ", + "

    You can report online if your BRP does not arrive.

    ", + "

    Mistakes in the length or conditions of your visa

    ", + "

    If you applied for your visa from inside the UK, you can ask for an administrative review.

    ", + "

    If your BRP expires on 31 December 2024

    ", + "

    You do not need to tell UKVI if your BRP expires on 31 December 2024 but you have leave to stay longer.

    ", + "

    UKVI will update their information on how to update your BRP in early 2024. You do not need to do anything and your immigration status will not be affected.

    ", + "

    Other problems with your BRP

    ", + "

    You can report other problems with your BRP online, for example:

    ", + "
  • there\u2019s a mistake on it, for example your name, gender or date of birth is wrong
    • ", + "
  • your BRP was damaged when it arrived
    • ", + "

    If your name is long it may appear \u2018cut off\u2019 on your BRP. This is not a mistake - it is because there is limited space on the BRP card. However, if there\u2019s a spelling mistake, you must report it.

    ", + "

    Report a problem with your BRP online

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have the following:

    ", + "
  • your BRP number
    • ", + "
  • your full name, date of birth and nationality as they appear on your BRP
    • ", + "
  • an email or postal address
    • ", + "

    You can get someone to report the problem for you, for example a legal representative, a charity, employer, college or university.

    ", + "

    The Home Office will email you to tell you what to do next. It\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to respond because of coronavirus (COVID-19). It\u2019ll take longer if you do not give an email address.

    ", + "

    Report a problem

    ", + "

    If there is a problem with your BRP and you need to leave and re-enter the UK, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.

    ", + "

    If your BRP is lost or stolen

    ", + "

    You can report your biometric residence permit (BRP) lost or stolen from inside or outside the UK. You can only order a replacement from inside the UK.

    ", + "

    The Home Office will contact you within one working day of reporting it.

    ", + "

    You can get someone to report for you, for example a legal representative, a charity, employer, college or university.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to use your BRP if you find it after you report it lost or stolen.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    If your lost or stolen BRP was valid for 3 months or more, report it and apply for a replacement. You must do this within 3 months of losing it.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and made to leave the UK if you do not apply for a replacement within 3 months.

    ", + "

    If your BRP was valid for 3 months or less, you must do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • report it as lost or stolen if you do not intend to remain in the UK after its expiry date
    • ", + "
  • apply for a replacement if you plan to leave and re-enter the UK within 3 months of its expiry date
    • ", + "
  • apply to extend your visa if you want to stay in the UK after its expiry date - if granted, you\u2019ll automatically get a new BRP
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must report your lost or stolen BRP outside the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a replacement BRP outside the UK. Instead, you\u2019ll need to apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019, which lets you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a replacement BRP when you return to the UK. You must do this within 3 months of reporting it lost or stolen unless you have a good reason, for example you were unable to return to the UK in that time.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been away for over 2 years and you\u2019ve lost your documentation proving your right to live in the UK, you can apply for a Returning Resident visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in North Korea you cannot apply for a replacement BRP visa online. Read the guidance for North Korea and use form VAF2 instead.

    ", + "

    Replace an expired BRP

    ", + "

    How you replace an expired BRP depends on whether you are in the UK and what type of leave you have.

    ", + "

    If you have indefinite leave to remain or enter

    ", + "

    Use the BRP replacement service from within the UK.

    ", + "

    If your visa is about to expire

    ", + "

    Your BRP expiry date is usually the same as the expiry date of your visa. To get a new BRP, you must first apply to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    If it is granted, you will automatically get a new BRP. You cannot use the BRP replacement service.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a replacement BRP if it expires while you are outside the UK. Instead, you\u2019ll need to apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019, which lets you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a replacement BRP when you return to the UK. You must do this within 3 months of its expiry unless you have a good reason, for example you were unable to return to the UK in that time.

    ", + "

    Replace your visa with a BRP

    ", + "

    You can apply for a biometric residence permit (BRP) to replace the visa (or wet ink stamp) in your passport or travel document, for example if:

    ", + "
  • your passport or travel document has expired or it\u2019s been lost or stolen
    • ", + "
  • the details on your visa (including your facial appearance) have changed
    • ", + "

    You must apply from inside the UK.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to prove you can live in the UK if you\u2019re an EU citizen or related to someone from the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    The fee and how you apply depend on your visa status.

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You have permission to settle (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019)

    ", + "

    You must apply online if you have indefinite leave to remain. It costs \u00a3229. You\u2019ll get a decision within 6 months.

    ", + "

    If you want a faster decision you can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service. You\u2019ll get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    You have temporary permission to stay in the UK (\u2018leave to remain\u2019)

    ", + "

    You can apply online if you have leave to remain. It costs \u00a3161. You\u2019ll get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you want a faster decision you can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service. You\u2019ll get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen and do not have the documents to prove your right to stay in the UK

    ", + "

    You may be eligible to get a BRP under the Windrush Scheme.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Report a change of circumstances if you have a visa or BRP", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-circumstances-visa-brp", + "contents": [ + "

    You're in the UK and have a BRP

    ", + "

    You must report any changes in your circumstances if you\u2019re in the UK and have either:

    ", + "
  • got a biometric residence permit (BRP)
    • ", + "
  • applied for a BRP but have not had a decision yet
    • ", + "

    How you do this depends on what you\u2019re reporting.

    ", + "

    Report a change of address only

    ", + "

    You can change your address without having to apply for a new BRP.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • report a change of address online
    • ", + "
  • fill in the change of circumstances form and send it to the address on the form
    • ", + "

    Report a change to your name or personal details

    ", + "

    You must apply for a new BRP straight away if any of these things change:

    ", + "
  • name, for example if you\u2019ve got married
    • ", + "
  • nationality
    • ", + "
  • facial appearance
    • ", + "
  • date of birth, for example if it was wrong
    • ", + "
  • gender
    • ", + "

    Apply for a replacement BRP online. You\u2019ll need to pay a fee.

    ", + "

    You must apply for a new BRP within 3 months. You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 or have your stay shortened if you do not.

    ", + "

    Report all other changes

    ", + "

    You must report any other changes to the details you gave in your BRP application, including if:

    ", + "
  • you get a criminal conviction
    • ", + "
  • you separate from your partner
    • ", + "
  • any of your children stop living permanently with you
    • ", + "

    Fill in the change of circumstances form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You're in the UK and have a visa

    ", + "

    You must report any changes if you\u2019re in the UK and have either:

    ", + "
  • got a visa
    • ", + "
  • applied for a visa but haven\u2019t had a decision yet
    • ", + "

    How you do this depends on what you\u2019re reporting.

    ", + "

    Changes to your name or personal details

    ", + "

    You must transfer your visa to a biometric residence permit (BRP) if your overall stay in the UK is longer than 6 months and any of these details on your visa document change:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • nationality
    • ", + "
  • facial appearance
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • gender
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay a fee.

    ", + "

    You do not need to report these changes or transfer your visa if your stay in the UK is less than 6 months.

    ", + "

    Fill in a change of circumstances form if you\u2019ve applied for a visa but haven\u2019t had a decision.

    ", + "

    Report all other changes

    ", + "

    Fill in the change of circumstances form to report any other changes of circumstances including:

    ", + "
  • your contact details
    • ", + "
  • your legal representative\u2019s details
    • ", + "
  • dependent family members\u2019 details
    • ", + "
  • if you separate from your partner
    • ", + "
  • if you get a criminal conviction
    • ", + "
  • if any of your children stop living with you
    • ", + "

    Report a change of address only

    ", + "

    You can update your address or your legal representative\u2019s address online.

    ", + "

    You're outside the UK

    ", + "

    How you report a change of circumstances depends on how you applied and the status of your application.

    ", + "

    If you have a UK Visas and Immigration account

    ", + "

    You will have a UK Visas and Immigration account if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 smartphone app to scan your identity document on your phone.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re still waiting for a decision about your application

    ", + "

    You can change your email address or phone number by updating your account details. You cannot update your identity document, name or address if you\u2019re still waiting for a decision.

    ", + "

    You have a decision about your application

    ", + "

    You can update your account details.

    ", + "

    If you applied through a visa application centre

    ", + "

    Contact the visa application centre where you applied if you\u2019re outside the UK and there\u2019s a change to your:

    ", + "
  • reason for going to the UK
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • personal details, for example your name, because you got married
    • ", + "

    You may need to make another visa application at your local visa application centre.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Find an immigration adviser", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/find-an-immigration-adviser", + "contents": [ + "

    Search for an adviser

    ", + "

    You can get immigration advice from an immigration adviser if you need help with getting permission to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Immigration advisers can help you with most things to do with immigration, including helping you to fill in the right forms and representing you at a tribunal. They do not make immigration decisions.

    ", + "

    Check if the adviser is registered and if they charge a fee before you use them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    Find a registered immigration adviser

    ", + "

    Use the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC) Adviser Finder to find a registered adviser near you.

    ", + "

    All immigration advisers must be registered with OISC or be a member of an approved professional body, for example The Law Society.

    ", + "

    If you want legal help

    ", + "

    You can find solicitors who give immigration advice through:

    ", + "
  • The Law Society if you live in England or Wales
    • ", + "
  • The Law Society of Scotland
    • ", + "
  • The Law Society of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Regulating immigration advisers

    ", + "

    OISC regulates immigration advisers and makes sure they meet certain standards. For example, advisers must:

    ", + "
  • carry insurance against giving poor advice
    • ", + "
  • keep up to date with current immigration advice
    • ", + "

    OISC maintains a register of the immigration advisers that they regulate.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    You can complain about an immigration adviser if you think you\u2019ve had a bad service.

    ", + "

    You cannot get your money back if an adviser is not regulated.

    ", + "

    Suspended immigration advisers

    ", + "

    You can see a list of people who are banned from acting as immigration advisers.

    ", + "

    What advisers can do

    ", + "

    Immigration advisers are only allowed to give you advice on things they\u2019re qualified to help you with.

    ", + "

    You can see what advice they can give you by their \u2018level\u2019. There are 3 levels.

    ", + "

    Check an immigration adviser is allowed to give you the advice you need before you use them.

    ", + "

    Only a level 3 adviser can appear on your behalf at an immigration tribunal.

    ", + "

    Level 1 - advice and assistance

    ", + "

    A level 1 adviser can give you advice on simple cases, for example getting a business visa extension when you have no problems with work and all necessary documents.

    ", + "

    Level 1 advisers can advise you on:

    ", + "
  • entry clearance
    • ", + "
  • leave to enter
    • ", + "
  • leave to remain
    • ", + "
  • nationality and citizenship
    • ", + "
  • EU and EEA law
    • ", + "

    The detailed guide explains what level 1 advisers can do.

    ", + "

    Level 2 - casework

    ", + "

    Level 2 advisers can do everything that Level 1 advisers can do, but can also accept more complicated cases.

    ", + "

    You may want to use a level 2 adviser if you\u2019ve had problems in the past with immigration and want permission to remain in the UK.

    ", + "

    Advisers in this category can also help:

    ", + "
  • with claims for asylum and human rights applications
    • ", + "
  • get your visa application decision reviewed (an \u2018administrative review\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • if you entered the UK illegally or stayed after your visa expired
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re being removed or deported
    • ", + "

    The detailed guide explains what level 2 advisers can do.

    ", + "

    Level 3 - advocacy and representation

    ", + "

    Level 3 advisers can do everything that Level 1 and 2 advisers can.

    ", + "

    They can also appear on your behalf at an immigration tribunal. In certain situations they can help you if you go to court.

    ", + "

    The detailed guide explains what level 3 advisers can do.

    ", + "

    Hiring an adviser

    ", + "

    When you hire an immigration adviser:

    ", + "
  • find out how much they charge and if you\u2019ll have to pay them
    • ", + "
  • get a signed and dated receipt if you pay them any money
    • ", + "
  • ask how much you\u2019ll have to pay if you decide you do not want to use them any more
    • ", + "
  • agree a fee before they do any extra work for you
    • ", + "

    Some advisers do not charge a fee. If they do not charge, you\u2019ll still have to pay for any expenses like translation costs and application fees.

    ", + "

    Legal aid can help pay for legal advice or representation at a court or tribunal - check if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Your adviser must give you a letter immediately after you hire them saying:

    ", + "
  • what work they\u2019re doing for you
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019ll be charged
    • ", + "
  • how you\u2019ll pay them
    • ", + "

    Complain about an adviser

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC) about either:

    ", + "
  • bad service you received from an adviser registered with OISC
    • ", + "
  • immigration advice you received from an unregulated person
    • ", + "

    You can also ask someone to make a complaint on your behalf, for example a friend, solicitor or voluntary organisation.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to complain about a legal adviser registered with a professional body but not regulated by OISC.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot complain about

    ", + "

    You can complain about:

    ", + "
  • poor advice or service
    • ", + "
  • unreasonable fees
    • ", + "
  • an adviser claiming you\u2019ll be successful
    • ", + "
  • an adviser charging for work not done
    • ", + "
  • an adviser missing deadlines or failing to appear in court
    • ", + "
  • an adviser
    • ", + "

    You cannot make a complaint about:

    ", + "
  • how long your immigration application has taken
    • ", + "
  • something that\u2019s already part of an ongoing legal action
    • ", + "
  • a refund or compensation
    • ", + "
  • Home Office staff
    • ", + "
  • a person or organisation outside the UK
    • ", + "

    You usually cannot make a complaint about something that happened more than 12 months ago - OISC will decide whether or not to investigate depending on the situation.

    ", + "

    OISC may refer your complaint elsewhere if you complain about a solicitor or barrister.

    ", + "

    Read more about how the OISC deals with complaints.

    ", + "

    How to complain about an adviser regulated by OISC

    ", + "

    The easiest way to complain is to:

    ", + "
  • download and fill in the complaints form
    • ", + "
  • include any documents that are relevant with your complaint
    • ", + "
  • send the complaints form and documents to complaints@oisc.gov.uk or by post to the address on the form.
    • ", + "

    The form is available in different languages and your complaint can be translated if needed.

    ", + "

    You can get help from OISC staff to fill in the complaints form, but they cannot write your complaint for you.

    ", + "

    Complain by letter

    ", + "

    You can also make a complaint by sending a letter or email.

    ", + "

    You need to provide as much detail as you can about who you\u2019re making the complaint against and what the complaint is about.

    ", + "

    How to complain about an unregulated adviser

    ", + "

    You can email the OISC to report someone giving immigration advice who is not regulated by either the OSIC or another approved body.

    ", + "

    Get help with your complaint

    ", + "

    You can get support and advice from the:

    ", + "
  • Refugee Council England
    • ", + "
  • Welsh Refugee Council
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Refugee Council
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter within 5 days of making your complaint telling you how it\u2019s going to be dealt with.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter with a decision on your case within 5 months of making your complaint.

    ", + "

    The OISC may decide to:

    ", + "
  • take action against the adviser, for example warn the adviser about their conduct
    • ", + "
  • refer the complaint, for example if it\u2019s about a solicitor or barrister
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Standard Visitor visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/standard-visitor-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can come to the UK as a Standard Visitor:

    ", + "
  • for tourism, for example on a holiday or to see your family and friends
    • ", + "
  • for certain business activities, for example attending a meeting
    • ", + "
  • to do a short course of study
    • ", + "
  • to take part in research or an exchange programme as an academic
    • ", + "
  • for medical reasons, for example to receive private medical treatment
    • ", + "

    You may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and what you plan to do in the UK.

    ", + "

    Check if you need to apply for a UK visa.

    ", + "

    Your application will not be accepted and you will not get a refund if you have the right of abode in the UK (for example you\u2019re a British citizen). You need to apply for a certificate of entitlement instead.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can visit the UK to do certain activities, for example visiting friends and family or attending a conference.

    ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • do paid or unpaid work for a UK company or as a self-employed person
    • ", + "
  • live in the UK for long periods of time through frequent visits
    • ", + "
  • claim public funds (benefits)
    • ", + "
  • do a course of study that lasts longer than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • marry or register a civil partnership, or give notice of marriage or civil partnership. You\u2019ll need a Marriage Visitor visa instead
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance for more information about what you can and cannot do with a Standard Visitor visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove that you meet the eligibility requirements, for example that you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can usually stay in the UK for up to 6 months (\u00a395 fee).

    ", + "

    You might be able to stay for longer if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re coming to the UK for private medical treatment - up to 11 months (\u00a3190 fee)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an academic and meet the eligibility requirements - you, your spouse or partner and your children may be able to stay for up to 12 months (\u00a3190 fee)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re staying in the UK for longer than 6 months, you must collect your biometric residence permit when you arrive. You may also have to take a tuberculosis test as part of your application depending on where you come from.

    ", + "

    If you need to visit the UK regularly

    ", + "

    You can apply for a long-term Standard Visitor visa that lasts 2, 5 or 10 years if you need to visit the UK regularly over a longer period. You can stay for a maximum of 6 months on each visit.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18 years old when you apply, your long-term Standard Visitor visa will only be valid for up to 6 months after you turn 18. You cannot get a refund on the fee.

    ", + "

    When to apply and how long it takes

    ", + "

    If you need a visa, you must apply online before you come to the UK.

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    Allow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    A Standard Visitor visa costs \u00a395.

    ", + "

    The fee for a long-term Standard Visitor visa depends on its length:

    ", + "
  • 2 years - \u00a3361
    • ", + "
  • 5 years - \u00a3655
    • ", + "
  • 10 years - \u00a3822
    • ", + "

    Extending your stay as a visitor

    ", + "

    You cannot switch from a Standard Visitor visa to another type of visa.

    ", + "

    You can only extend your stay for specific reasons, for example needing further private medical treatment.

    ", + "

    If you want a visa to do something other than visiting, for example work or longer-term study, you\u2019ll need to leave the UK and make a new application.

    ", + "

    What you can do in the UK

    ", + "

    You can visit the UK to do different activities. You must meet the eligibility requirements for the things you want to do.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re visiting for tourism or leisure

    ", + "

    You can visit the UK to:

    ", + "
  • spend time with friends and family
    • ", + "
  • take a holiday
    • ", + "
  • do a recreational course of up to 30 days, for example a dance course
    • ", + "
  • volunteer for up to 30 days with a registered charity
    • ", + "
  • take part in a school exchange programme
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re visiting on business

    ", + "

    You can visit the UK for many different business reasons, including attending meetings, conferences, trade fairs or negotiating contracts.

    ", + "

    You can do certain business activities with UK employees of the company you work for overseas, for example provide training or share knowledge on internal projects.

    ", + "

    Check the Visitor Rules for the full list of business activities you can do as a Standard Visitor and any additional eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re being paid by a UK organisation to visit as an expert in your profession, you should apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re visiting to study

    ", + "

    You can visit the UK to study for up to 6 months at an accredited institution, this includes English language courses.

    ", + "

    You can also do:

    ", + "
  • a short piece of research that\u2019s relevant to your course overseas
    • ", + "
  • an \u2018elective\u2019 - an optional additional placement, if you\u2019re studying medicine, veterinary medicine and science, or dentistry
    • ", + "

    If you want to study longer you\u2019ll need to apply for a:

    ", + "
  • Student visa (if your course is run by a licensed sponsor)
    • ", + "
  • Short-term study visa (for English Language courses up to 11 months)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re visiting as an academic

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an academic institution overseas, you can:

    ", + "
  • take part in formal exchange arrangements with UK counterparts
    • ", + "
  • carry out your own research during a sabbatical
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a senior doctor or dentist you can also:

    ", + "
  • take part in research
    • ", + "
  • teach (as long as it is not a permanent teaching post)
    • ", + "
  • undertake clinical practice (as long as it\u2019s not a permanent position)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re visiting for medical reasons

    ", + "

    You can visit the UK if you want to have private medical treatment at a hospital or other medical facility.

    ", + "

    You can also visit to donate an organ to a family member or close friend. This includes being assessed for suitability as a donor match.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re passing through the UK to another country

    ", + "

    You can pass through the UK to another country as a Standard Visitor.

    ", + "

    If transiting is your only reason for coming to the UK, then you may apply for a Transit visa instead.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must show that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to support yourself and your dependants during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)
    • ", + "
  • you have proof of any business or other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to study for up to 6 months

    ", + "

    You must prove one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been accepted onto a course of no more than 6 months provided by an accredited UK institution (this cannot be an academy or state-funded school)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re at least 16 years old and have been accepted by a UK higher education institution to take part in research that\u2019s relevant to the course you\u2019re studying overseas
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re at least 16 years old and are doing an \u2018elective\u2019 (an optional additional placement) as part of an overseas medicine, veterinary medicine and science, or dentistry course
    • ", + "

    You must already be enrolled on a course that is the equivalent of a UK degree, before applying to do research or a placement in the UK.

    ", + "

    To study or research certain subjects at postgraduate level or above, you may need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate. If you do need one, you\u2019ll need to get your ATAS certificate before starting your study or research.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying as an academic

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 12 months if you\u2019re applying as an academic. You must prove you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • highly qualified in your field of expertise, for example you have a PhD
    • ", + "
  • currently working in that field of expertise at an academic institution overseas
    • ", + "
  • visiting for a formal exchange or to carry out research
    • ", + "
  • not filling a permanent teaching post
    • ", + "

    To research certain subjects at postgraduate level or above, you may need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate. If you do need one, you\u2019ll need to get your ATAS certificate before starting your research.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to visit for private medical treatment

    ", + "

    You must prove that you:

    ", + "
  • have a medical condition that needs private consultation or treatment in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have made arrangements for consultations or treatment
    • ", + "
  • have enough money or funding to pay for your treatment
    • ", + "
  • will leave the UK once your treatment is completed, or when your visa expires
    • ", + "
  • are not a danger to public health if you have an infectious disease, such as leprosy
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying as an organ donor

    ", + "

    You can only visit the UK to donate organs to:

    ", + "
  • a family member who you\u2019re genetically related to (for example your sibling or parent)
    • ", + "
  • someone you have a close personal relationship with (for example your spouse or friend)
    • ", + "

    You must prove that the person you\u2019re donating an organ to is legally allowed to be in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for a long-term Standard Visitor visa

    ", + "

    You must prove that you\u2019ll only ever be coming to the UK to visit and that you plan to leave at the end of each visit.

    ", + "

    You may be given a visa for a shorter period than requested if you do not do this. You will not get a refund of the application fee if you get a shorter visa or your application is refused.

    ", + "

    Your visa may be cancelled if your travel history shows you are repeatedly living in the UK for extended periods.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need

    ", + "

    You must provide a passport or travel document. Your passport should be valid for the whole of your stay in the UK and contain a blank page for your visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what other documents and information to provide when you apply online.

    ", + "

    You must provide certified translations of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide the following information:

    ", + "
  • the dates you\u2019re planning to travel to the UK
    • ", + "
  • details of where you\u2019ll be staying during your visit
    • ", + "
  • how much you think your trip will cost
    • ", + "
  • your current home address and how long you\u2019ve lived there
    • ", + "
  • your parents\u2019 names and dates of birth (if known)
    • ", + "
  • how much you earn in a year (if you have an income)
    • ", + "
  • details of any criminal, civil or immigration offences you may have committed
    • ", + "

    You might also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • details of your travel history for the past 10 years
    • ", + "
  • your employer\u2019s address and telephone number
    • ", + "
  • your partner\u2019s name, date of birth, and passport number
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of anyone paying for your trip
    • ", + "
  • the name, address and passport number of any family members you have in the UK
    • ", + "

    Providing documents for certain activities

    ", + "

    You must provide specific documents if you\u2019re applying to visit the UK to:

    ", + "
  • do research as part of an overseas study course
    • ", + "
  • have private medical treatment
    • ", + "
  • be an organ donor
    • ", + "
  • take the Professional and Linguistic Assessment Board (PLAB) test or sit the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)
    • ", + "

    Read the full list of supporting documents for more information.

    ", + "

    If you're under 18

    ", + "

    You may visit the UK if you\u2019re under 18 and:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve made suitable arrangements for your travel and stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have written consent from your parent or guardian to travel to the UK (if travelling alone)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey
    • ", + "
  • you have enough money to support yourself without working or getting help from public funds, or you have family and friends that can support you
    • ", + "

    Travelling alone

    ", + "

    You can travel to the UK without an adult (someone over the age of 18).

    ", + "

    Your parent or guardian will need to provide their:

    ", + "
  • written consent for you to travel to the UK
    • ", + "
  • full contact details
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to provide proof that you have somewhere suitable to live during your stay in the UK, including:

    ", + "
  • the name and date of birth of the person that you will be staying with
    • ", + "
  • an address where you will be living
    • ", + "
  • details of your relationship to the person who\u2019ll be looking after you and
    • ", + "
  • their written consent for you to stay with that person while you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not staying with a close relative

    ", + "

    Your parent, guardian or school must tell the relevant local authority about your visit if you\u2019re both of the following:

    ", + "
  • under 16 (or under 18 if you have a disability)
    • ", + "
  • going to be looked after for more than 28 days by someone who is not a close relative (called \u2018private foster care\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You should provide a reply from the local authority if you have one.

    ", + "

    The same rules apply to education exchange visits that last for more than 28 days, unless:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re part of a group that is travelling and staying together, for example a school group
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re accompanied by an adult, for example a teacher
    • ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Read the guidance for more information.

    ", + "

    Travelling with an adult

    ", + "

    When travelling to the UK with an adult (someone over the age of 18), you\u2019ll need to identify them in your visa application.

    ", + "

    If the person you\u2019re travelling with is not your parent, you\u2019ll need to provide specific information about them in your application.

    ", + "

    You can identify up to 2 adults in your visa application. Their names will appear on your visa.

    ", + "

    The adult can apply for a visa at the same time, but you must each complete separate applications.

    ", + "

    If you arrive in the UK without the person named in your visa, you\u2019ll need to show that your parent or guardian consents to your travel and accommodation arrangements.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you need a visa, you must apply online before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    Check what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.

    ", + "

    Allow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Standard Visitor visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Apply with family members

    ", + "

    Each family member must make their own application and pay the fee.

    ", + "

    You can apply on behalf of your partner and child, if they cannot apply for themselves.

    ", + "

    They must attend their own appointment at a visa application centre.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.

    ", + "

    Extend your stay

    ", + "

    You may be able to extend your stay as long as the total time you spend in the UK as a visitor is no more than 6 months.

    ", + "

    For example if you have been in the UK as a visitor for 3 months, you can apply to extend your stay for 3 more months.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to find out if you can extend your visit.

    ", + "

    You must apply while you\u2019re still in the UK and before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    If you want to extend your stay for longer than 6 months

    ", + "

    You can only apply to extend your stay as a visitor for over 6 months if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a patient receiving medical treatment
    • ", + "
  • an academic and you still meet the eligibility requirements
    • ", + "
  • a graduate doing a clinical attachment or retaking the Professional and Linguistic Assessment Board (PLAB) test
    • ", + "

    If you did not need a visa for the first 6 months of your visit, you\u2019ll need to apply for permission to stay longer and pay the fee.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re receiving private medical treatment in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay for a further 6 months if you:

    ", + "
  • have paid for any treatment you\u2019ve already had in the UK
    • ", + "
  • can and will pay the further costs of your treatment
    • ", + "
  • continue to meet the eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You must also get a medical practitioner or NHS consultant who\u2019s registered in the UK to provide:

    ", + "
  • proof of arrangements for your private medical consultation or treatment
    • ", + "
  • a letter saying how long your treatment is likely to take
    • ", + "
  • details of the progress of your treatment, if it\u2019s already started
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an academic

    ", + "

    If you want to extend your stay as an academic visiting the UK, you must prove you:

    ", + "
  • are highly qualified in your field of expertise, for example you have a PhD or higher
    • ", + "
  • were working in that field of expertise at an academic institution overseas prior to your arrival in the UK
    • ", + "
  • are visiting for a formal exchange or to carry out research
    • ", + "
  • are not filling a permanent teaching post
    • ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 12 months in total.

    ", + "

    Before you extend your stay, check if you need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate. You may need one if you\u2019re researching certain subjects at postgraduate level or above.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re retaking the PLAB test

    ", + "

    You can extend your stay in the UK to retake the PLAB test.

    ", + "

    You must provide written confirmation from the General Medical Council that you are sitting the test.

    ", + "

    You can stay up to 6 months to retake the test.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve passed the PLAB test and want to do a clinical attachment

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re successful in the PLAB test, you can apply to extend your stay to do an unpaid clinical attachment. You must not treat patients.

    ", + "

    You must provide written confirmation of your clinical attachment offer and confirm you\u2019ve not done one in the UK before.

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 18 months in total.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your stay as a visitor

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3993 to extend this visa
    • ", + "
  • an extra \u00a3800 if you use the super priority service
    • ", + "

    You must also pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    A decision will usually be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Marriage Visitor visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marriage-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must apply for a Marriage Visitor visa if:

    ", + "
  • you want to get married or register a civil partnership in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you want to give notice of a marriage or civil partnership in UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not planning to stay or settle in the UK after your marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You do not need a Marriage Visitor visa to convert your civil partnership into a marriage - you can apply for a Standard Visitor visa.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply if you qualify for British citizenship - including if you can have dual nationality. You must apply for British citizenship instead.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    You will not need a Marriage Visitor visa if you come to the UK on or before 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    If you come to the UK from 1 July 2021 you\u2019ll need to apply for a visa, unless one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • you have applied to the EU Settlement Scheme, and you have not got a decision yet
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an Irish citizen
    • ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of your arrival - you must use a venue licensed for this purpose
    • ", + "
  • pass through the UK in transit (on your way to another country)
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • get public funds (benefits)
    • ", + "
  • bring in family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) - they must apply separately
    • ", + "
  • live in the UK for extended periods through frequent visits
    • ", + "
  • extend your visa or switch to another visa
    • ", + "
  • work - except for permitted activities related to your work or business overseas, such as attending meetings
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance for more information about what you can and cannot do with a Marriage Visitor visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can use this visa to visit the UK for up to 6 months.

    ", + "

    When to apply and how long it takes

    ", + "

    If you need a visa, you must apply online before you come to the UK.

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    Allow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your \napplication.

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a395 to apply.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must prove that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re free to give notice of marriage, to marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of your arrival
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a genuine relationship
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re visiting the UK for less than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to support yourself during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)
    • ", + "
  • you have proof of any other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules
    • ", + "

    Documents you'll need

    ", + "

    You must provide a passport or travel document. Your passport should be valid for the whole of your stay in the UK and contain a blank page for your visa.

    ", + "

    You can supply the following to support your application:

    ", + "
  • details of the marriage or civil partnership and proof that you\u2019ve paid money for some of its costs
    • ", + "
  • proof that you\u2019re planning to get married in the UK, for example a booking confirmation or emails between you and the venue
    • ", + "

    See the full list of documents you can provide to prove your eligibility.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been married before

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show proof that you\u2019re free to marry or enter into a civil partnership again, for example a:

    ", + "
  • decree absolute
    • ", + "
  • death certificate of a previous partner
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you need a visa, you must apply online before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    Check what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, you will not need a Marriage Visitor visa if you come to the UK on or before 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.

    ", + "

    Allow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Marriage Visitor visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Apply with family members

    ", + "

    Your partner must apply for their own Marriage Visitor visa and pay the fee if you both need one. Your child will need to apply as a standard visitor if they need a visa.

    ", + "

    You can apply on behalf of your partner and child, if they cannot apply for themselves.

    ", + "

    They must attend their own appointment at a visa application centre.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Permitted Paid Engagement visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to visit the UK for a paid engagement if you\u2019ve been invited as an expert in your profession.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa if you:

    ", + "
  • are invited by a UK-based organisation or client
    • ", + "
  • want to come to the UK to do specific paid work without having to be sponsored under the points-based visa system
    • ", + "
  • meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality.

    ", + "

    Check if you need to apply for a UK visa.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can be invited by a UK-based organisation or client to:

    ", + "
  • be a student examiner or assessor
    • ", + "
  • take part in selection panels as a highly qualified academic if you\u2019re invited by an education, arts or research organisation
    • ", + "
  • give lectures at a higher education institution, as long as it\u2019s not a part-time or full-time role
    • ", + "
  • examine UK-based pilots so they meet the standards of the country you come from if you\u2019re invited by an approved UK training organisation regulated by the UK Civil Aviation Authority
    • ", + "
  • provide advocacy in a particular area of law
    • ", + "
  • take part in arts, entertainment or sporting activities including broadcasting
    • ", + "
  • take part in fashion modelling assignments
    • ", + "

    You can also do minor activities related to your work or business overseas, such as attend meetings.

    ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • do paid work unrelated to your main job or area of expertise at home, other than what\u2019s allowed by your visa
    • ", + "
  • extend this visa or switch to another visa
    • ", + "
  • live in the UK for extended periods
    • ", + "
  • get public funds (benefits)
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • marry or register a civil partnership, or give notice of marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you on your application - they must apply separately
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance for more information about what you can and cannot do with a Permitted Paid Engagement visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 1 month.

    ", + "

    When to apply and how long it takes

    ", + "

    If you need a visa, you must apply online before you come to the UK.

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    Allow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your \napplication.

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    A Permitted Paid Engagement visa costs \u00a395.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must show that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re visiting the UK for no more than 1 month
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been formally invited and paid by a UK-based organisation to attend an event or other permitted engagement
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit
    • ", + "
  • you will not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to support yourself during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)
    • ", + "
  • you have proof of any business or other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules
    • ", + "

    Documents you'll need

    ", + "

    When you apply you must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel document - your passport must have a blank page for your visa
    • ", + "
  • a formal invitation from the UK-based organisation or client you\u2019ll be paid by
    • ", + "
  • proof that the paid engagement relates to your expertise, qualifications and main job in your home country, for example a letter from your employer
    • ", + "

    See the full list of documents you can provide to prove your eligibility.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Additional documents

    ", + "

    You must provide extra documents if you\u2019re an established arts, entertainment or sporting professional. You can provide any of the following:

    ", + "
  • publications
    • ", + "
  • publicity material
    • ", + "
  • proof of awards
    • ", + "
  • media coverage and reviews
    • ", + "
  • proof of recent performances
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you need a visa, you must apply online before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    Check what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.

    ", + "

    Allow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Apply with family members

    ", + "

    Each family member must make their own application and pay the fee.

    ", + "

    You can apply on behalf of your partner and child, if they cannot apply for themselves.

    ", + "

    They must attend their own appointment at a visa application centre.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Parent of a Child Student visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa if your child has or is applying for a Child Student visa. Or if they currently have a Tier 4 (Child) visa.

    ", + "

    Your child must be aged between 4 and 11 when you apply, and be attending an independent school in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK
    • ", + "
  • maintain your main home outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • plan to leave the UK when your visa expires
    • ", + "

    Bringing family members with you

    ", + "

    To be eligible for a Parent of a Child Student visa you must be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK. The child\u2019s other parent must live abroad, and cannot apply to join you in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can bring your other children with you if they also have or are applying for a Child Student visa.

    ", + "

    You cannot bring other family members with you on this visa. They may be able to apply to come to the UK on a short-term visit visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to come to the UK for more than 6 months. The earliest your Parent of a Child Student visa will start from is 1 January 2021.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until your child\u2019s visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.

    ", + "

    You can extend your visa while in the UK as long as you meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    If you leave the UK

    ", + "

    If your child is staying in education in the UK without you, you must make arrangements for their ongoing care. For example, if your child turns 12 and their visa is still valid, they may be able to start boarding at their current school, or live with other family members in the UK.

    ", + "

    What you cannot do

    ", + "

    While you\u2019re in the UK on a Parent of a Child Student visa, you cannot:

    ", + "
  • do paid work
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • start a business
    • ", + "
  • make the UK your main home
    • ", + "
  • apply for benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • bring other family members with you
    • ", + "
  • switch to a different type of visa
    • ", + "

    Money you need

    ", + "

    When you apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa, you must:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee
    • ", + "
  • pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay
    • ", + "
  • prove that you have enough money to support yourself and your child while you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "

    Visa application fee

    ", + "

    A Parent of a Child Student visa costs \u00a3516.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online application. It usually costs \u00a3624 per year.

    ", + "

    This is so you can use the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll need to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    You pay the surcharge as part of your online visa application.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself and your child

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that you have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need \u00a31,560 for each month of your stay up to a maximum of 9 months. This amount is to support both you and your child.

    ", + "

    For example, if you\u2019re staying for 9 months or longer you\u2019ll need to prove you have \u00a314,040 (9 months \u00d7 \u00a31,560).

    ", + "

    If you want to bring your other children

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need an extra \u00a3625 per month, up to a maximum of 9 months, for each additional child that accompanies you to the UK. They must be a sibling of your other child and also have a Child Student visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re extending your visa

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa, you do not need to prove you have money to support yourself and your child for your visa application.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel document
    • ", + "
  • proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have a permanent home outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test
    • ", + "
  • a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh
    • ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Parent of a Child Student visa before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 6 months before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    Check what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you will need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    After you get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Find out what happens after you get your decision.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa while in the UK as long as you and your child meet the eligibility requirements. This includes if your child currently has a Tier 4 (Child) student visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    When you extend your visa you can stay in the UK until the date your child\u2019s student visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.

    ", + "

    When to apply to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until you get a decision on your visa application.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point. At the appointment you must provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo). It costs \u00a319.20.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    After you get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Find out what happens after you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Visa to pass through the UK in transit", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transit-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might need a visa to pass through the UK in transit (on your way to another country).

    ", + "

    Check if you need one before you apply.

    ", + "

    To get a transit visa you must prove that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be in transit to another country, with enough funds and the intention to travel on
    • ", + "
  • you can enter that country
    • ", + "
  • the only purpose of your visit to the UK is transit
    • ", + "

    You do not need a transit visa if you:

    ", + "
  • have an EEA family permit
    • ", + "
  • have an EU Settlement Scheme family permit
    • ", + "
  • have a Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person
    • ", + "
  • have a Standard Visitor visa
    • ", + "
  • have a Marriage Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    Types of transit visa

    ", + "

    The visa you need depends on whether you\u2019re going through UK border control when you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your airline can tell you if you\u2019ll go through border control.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not going through UK border control

    ", + "

    Apply for a Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) if you\u2019ll be changing flights in the UK and will not be going through UK border control.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re going through UK border control

    ", + "

    Apply for a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019ll be going through UK border control but leaving the UK within 48 hours.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa if:

    ", + "
  • you need to stay longer in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you can prove you need to frequently pass through the UK over a longer period
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "
  • Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) - \u00a335
    • ", + "
  • Visitor in Transit visa - \u00a364
    • ", + "

    The cost may vary slightly depending on which country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    Direct Airside Transit visa

    ", + "

    You might need a Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) if you:

    ", + "
  • will be changing flights in the UK on your way to another country
    • ", + "
  • will not go through UK border control
    • ", + "

    You may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and whether you need to enter the UK. Check if you need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    You do not need one if you have a valid:

    ", + "
  • EEA family permit
    • ", + "
  • EU Settlement Scheme family permit
    • ", + "
  • Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person
    • ", + "
  • Standard Visitor visa
    • ", + "
  • Marriage Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    You must apply for another type of visitor visa if you\u2019re travelling to or from Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.

    ", + "

    Documents you need

    ", + "

    To apply for a DATV, you must have a current passport or other valid travel document.

    ", + "

    You need to provide evidence that you\u2019re allowed to enter the country you\u2019re travelling to, such as a:

    ", + "
  • residence permit
    • ", + "
  • green card
    • ", + "
  • valid visa
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a resident or national of the country you\u2019re travelling to, you may need to explain why you\u2019re going there. You may need to provide details of where you\u2019re staying.

    ", + "

    You must also provide evidence that your onward journey is booked or confirmed, such as:

    ", + "
  • a flight booking email
    • ", + "
  • printed tickets
    • ", + "
  • confirmation from a travel agent
    • ", + "

    Bring your visa and documents with you when you travel through the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Direct Airside Transit visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get your visa faster or other services depending on what country you\u2019re in - check with your visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Visitor in Transit visa

    ", + "

    You might need a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • changing flights in the UK on your way to another country
    • ", + "
  • going through UK border control, for example to check in your luggage for a connecting flight
    • ", + "
  • leaving the UK within 48 hours
    • ", + "
  • not working or studying while in the UK
    • ", + "

    You may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and whether you need to enter the UK. Check if you need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    If you will not be going through UK border control, check if you need a Direct Airside Transit visa instead.

    ", + "

    You do not need a transit visa if you have a valid:

    ", + "
  • EEA family permit
    • ", + "
  • EU Settlement Scheme family permit
    • ", + "
  • Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person
    • ", + "
  • Standard Visitor visa
    • ", + "
  • Marriage Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    You need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa if you\u2019re staying in the UK for more than 48 hours.

    ", + "

    Travel to the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland

    ", + "

    You might need to apply for a visitor visa to travel through the UK to get to the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa unless you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    You do not need a UK visitor visa if:

    ", + "
  • you have a valid visa for the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man
    • ", + "
  • you have a valid Irish biometric visa (marked \u2018BC\u2019 or \u2018BC BIVS\u2019 in the \u2018Remarks\u2019 section)
    • ", + "

    If you need to pass through the UK regularly

    ", + "

    You can also apply for a long-term Standard Visitor visa if you need to pass through the UK in transit regularly over a longer period. You can stay for a maximum of 6 months on each visit and your visa can last for 2, 5 or 10 years.

    ", + "

    Documents you need

    ", + "

    To apply for a Visitor in Transit visa, you must have a current passport or other valid travel document.

    ", + "

    You need to provide evidence that you\u2019re allowed to enter the country you\u2019re travelling to, such as a:

    ", + "
  • residence permit
    • ", + "
  • green card
    • ", + "
  • valid visa
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a resident or national of the country you\u2019re travelling to, you may need to explain why you\u2019re going there. You may need to provide details of where you\u2019re staying.

    ", + "

    You must also provide evidence that your onward journey is booked or confirmed, such as:

    ", + "
  • a flight booking email
    • ", + "
  • printed tickets
    • ", + "
  • confirmation from a travel agent
    • ", + "

    Your onward flight must be within 48 hours of your arrival in the UK.

    ", + "

    Bring your visa and documents with you when you travel through the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Visitor in Transit visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get your visa faster or other services depending on what country you\u2019re in - check with your visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Skilled Worker visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/skilled-worker-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A Skilled Worker visa allows you to come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job with an approved employer.

    ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 2 (General) work visa.

    ", + "

    Some\u00a0health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your job

    ", + "

    To qualify for a Skilled Worker visa, you must:

    ", + "
  • work for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK
    • ", + "
  • do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations
    • ", + "
  • be paid a minimum salary - how much depends on the type of work you do
    • ", + "

    The specific eligibility depends on your job.

    ", + "

    You must have a confirmed job offer before you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You must be able to speak, read, write and understand English. You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of English when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for a Skilled Worker visa

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    Your visa can last for up to 5 years before you need to extend it. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or update your visa when it expires or if you change jobs or employer.

    ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK and are coming to the UK
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and extending your current visa
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and switching from a different visa
    • ", + "

    If you want to change your job or employer, you must apply to update your visa.

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you are due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    You may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:

    ", + "
  • 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK
    • ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    You, your partner or children will each need to:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee
    • ", + "
  • pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay
    • ", + "
  • prove you have enough personal savings
    • ", + "

    Check how much money you\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    If you work in public sector healthcare

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a doctor or nurse, or you work in health or adult social care, check if you\u2019re eligible to apply for the Health and Care Worker visa instead. It\u2019s cheaper to apply for and you do not need to pay the annual immigration health surcharge.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    With a Skilled Worker visa you can:

    ", + "
  • work in an eligible job
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "
  • take on additional work in certain circumstances
    • ", + "
  • do voluntary work
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • change jobs or employer unless you apply to update your visa
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Skilled Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Your job

    ", + "

    You must meet all of the following requirements to be eligible for a Skilled Worker visa:

    ", + "
  • your job is eligible for this visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be working for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be paid at least the minimum salary for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing
    • ", + "

    The minimum salary for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing is whichever is the highest out of the following 3 options:

    ", + "
  • \u00a325,600 per year
    • ", + "
  • \u00a310.10 per hour
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018going rate\u2019 for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing
    • ", + "

    Check if your job is eligible

    ", + "

    Before you can find out if your job is eligible, you need to know its 4-digit occupation code.

    ", + "

    If you already have a job offer, ask your employer for your occupation code.

    ", + "

    Look up your job\u2019s occupation code

    ", + "

    If you do not know your code, you can search for your job in the ONS occupation coding tool.

    ", + "

    Not every job title is included. If you cannot find your exact job title, try searching for similar jobs.

    ", + "

    Make sure the job description matches what you\u2019ll be doing. Some similar jobs have different codes, for example chefs and cooks. Chefs are eligible for a Skilled Worker visa, but cooks are not.

    ", + "

    Check if an occupation code is eligible for this visa

    ", + "

    When you know your occupation code, view the table of eligible jobs to see if it\u2019s included.

    ", + "

    The table is very large. It\u2019s sorted in order of occupation code, with the smallest numbers at the top. You may be able to use your web browser to search for your code on the page.

    ", + "

    Salary requirements

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a325,600 per year or \u00a310.10 per hour, whichever is higher. If the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than both of these, you\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least the going rate.

    ", + "

    Each occupation code has its own annual going rate. Check the going rate for your job in the going rates table.

    ", + "

    If you work in healthcare or education

    ", + "

    There are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs, where the going rate is based on national pay scales.

    ", + "

    When you can be paid less

    ", + "

    If you do not meet the usual salary requirements, and you do not work in healthcare or education, you might still be eligible if your salary will be at least \u00a320,480 per year and at least \u00a310.10 per hour.

    ", + "

    Check when you can be paid less.

    ", + "

    Approved UK employers

    ", + "

    You must have a job offer from an approved UK employer before you apply for a Skilled Worker visa. Approved employers are also known as sponsors, because they are sponsoring you to come to or stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    View the list of approved UK employers.

    ", + "

    If your employer is not currently approved, they can apply for a sponsor licence if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to pay a fee - \u00a3536 for small businesses and charities or \u00a31,476 for medium and large organisations. It usually takes around 8 weeks to process a licence application.

    ", + "

    If you already have a job offer from an approved employer

    ", + "

    Your employer - also known as your sponsor - will check that you meet the eligibility requirements. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 to prove this.

    ", + "

    The certificate of sponsorship is an electronic record, not a physical document. It will have a reference number, which you\u2019ll need for your visa application.

    ", + "

    You must apply for your visa within 3 months of getting your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    When you can be paid less

    ", + "

    You might still be able to apply for a Skilled Worker visa if your job is eligible but your salary is less than \u00a325,600 or your job\u2019s usual \u2018going rate\u2019. You must still be paid at least \u00a310.10 per hour.

    ", + "

    You can be paid between 70% and 90% of the usual going rate for your job if your salary is at least \u00a320,480 per year and you meet one of the following criteria:

    ", + "
  • your job is in a shortage occupation
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training
    • ", + "
  • you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job (if you have a relevant PhD level qualification in any other subject your salary must be at least \u00a323,040)
    • ", + "
  • you have a postdoctoral position in science or higher education
    • ", + "

    There are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs.

    ", + "

    Your job is in a shortage occupation

    ", + "

    A \u2018shortage occupation\u2019 is a skilled job where there is a shortage of workers in the UK.

    ", + "

    If your job is on the shortage occupation list, you can:

    ", + "
  • be paid 80% of the job\u2019s usual going rate
    • ", + "
  • pay a lower fee for your visa
    • ", + "

    View the shortage occupations list to see if your job is included and how much you\u2019ll need to be paid.

    ", + "

    Make sure you check there\u2019s a shortage in the part of the UK you\u2019ll be working in - England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training

    ", + "

    You can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 26 on the date you apply
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Student visa studying at bachelor\u2019s degree level or above - or you have been in the last 2 years, and a Student or visit visa was your most recent visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Graduate Entrepreneur visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be working towards a recognised qualification in a UK regulated profession
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be working towards full registration or chartered status in the job you\u2019re being sponsored for
    • ", + "

    If this applies to you, check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.

    ", + "

    Your total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply for one of these reasons. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.

    ", + "

    You have a PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job

    ", + "

    If your job is eligible for a PhD salary discount, you can be paid 80% or 90% of the job\u2019s usual going rate, depending on which subject you are qualified in.

    ", + "

    If you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) qualification, you can be paid 80% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still be paid at least \u00a320,480 per year.

    ", + "

    If you have a non-STEM qualification, you can be paid 90% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still be paid at least \u00a323,040 a year.

    ", + "

    In both situations, you must:

    ", + "
  • have a UK PhD or an equivalent doctorate-level overseas qualification - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to check if an overseas qualification is equivalent to a UK PhD
    • ", + "
  • be able to prove your qualification is relevant to the job you\u2019ll be doing in the UK - your employer can confirm this
    • ", + "

    View the list of jobs that qualify for a PhD salary discount to see if your job is included and how much you need to be paid.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a research or academic leader, you may also be eligible to apply for the Global Talent visa. This visa has no language or minimum salary requirements.

    ", + "

    You have a postdoctoral position in science or higher education

    ", + "

    You can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if you\u2019ll be working in a postdoctoral position in certain science or higher education roles.

    ", + "

    Your job must be in one of the following occupation codes to qualify for this salary discount:

    ", + "
  • 2111: chemical scientists
    • ", + "
  • 2112: biological scientists and biochemists
    • ", + "
  • 2113: physical scientists
    • ", + "
  • 2114: social and humanities scientists
    • ", + "
  • 2119: natural and social science professionals that are \u2018not elsewhere classified\u2019, such as research fellows and sports scientists
    • ", + "
  • 2311: higher education teaching professionals
    • ", + "

    If this applies to you, check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.

    ", + "

    Your total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply to work in a postdoctoral position at 70% of the usual going rate. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.

    ", + "

    If you work in healthcare or education

    ", + "

    There are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs. Your salary must be at least \u00a320,480 - or more if your job\u2019s \u2018going rate\u2019 is higher.

    ", + "

    The going rates for these jobs are based on the national pay scales set by the relevant independent body, for example the NHS.

    ", + "

    View the list of eligible healthcare and education jobs to see if your job is included.

    ", + "

    National pay scales tables

    ", + "

    If your job is on the list, your salary must be at least the national pay scale rate for the job you\u2019ll be doing.

    ", + "

    These going rates apply whether you\u2019ll be working in the public or private sector.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid in the:

    ", + "
  • table of national pay scales for eligible healthcare jobs - listed by NHS pay band and area of the UK
    • ", + "
  • table of national pay scales for eligible teaching and education leadership jobs - listed by role and area of the UK
    • ", + "

    Ask your employer if you\u2019re not sure what your role or pay band will be.

    ", + "

    If your job is on the shortage occupation list

    ", + "

    You and your family will pay a lower application fee if your job is in a shortage occupation.

    ", + "

    View the list of healthcare and education shortage occupations to see if your job is included.

    ", + "

    Make sure you check there\u2019s a shortage in the part of the UK you\u2019ll be working in - England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If your job is on the list, the reduced fee for each person applying is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3464 if you\u2019re staying for up to 3 years
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3928 if you\u2019re staying for more than 3 years
    • ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay the healthcare surcharge and prove you can support yourself in the UK - check how much money you\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.

    ", + "

    Level of English

    ", + "

    You must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to at least level B1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by:

    ", + "
  • passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider
    • ", + "
  • having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English, gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18
    • ", + "
  • having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) for confirmation that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a doctor, dentist, nurse, midwife or vet

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019ve already passed an English Language assessment that is accepted by the relevant regulated professional body.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a vet, you may need to prove that you passed an English Language assessment with the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    When you apply for a Skilled Worker visa, you\u2019ll need to have enough money to:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee - the standard fee ranges from \u00a3610 to \u00a31,408 depending on your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • pay the healthcare surcharge - this is usually \u00a3624 per year
    • ", + "
  • support yourself when you arrive in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay a lower application fee if your job is on the shortage occupation list.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.

    ", + "

    Application fees

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from outside the UK, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 years - \u00a3610 per person
    • ", + "
  • more than 3 years - \u00a31,220 per person
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from inside the UK to extend, switch or update your visa, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 years - \u00a3704 per person
    • ", + "
  • more than 3 years - \u00a31,408 per person
    • ", + "

    If your job is on the shortage occupation list

    ", + "

    You and your family will pay a lower application fee if your job is on the shortage occupation list.

    ", + "

    The fee for each person applying is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3464 if you\u2019re staying for up to 3 years
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3928 if you\u2019re staying for more than 3 years
    • ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different list of shortage occupations if you work in healthcare or education.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    If your job is on the shortage occupation list, you\u2019ll get this reduction as well as paying a lower fee.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay - this is usually \u00a3624 per year. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • proof of your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your job title and annual salary
    • ", + "
  • your job\u2019s occupation code
    • ", + "
  • the name of your employer and their sponsor licence number - this will be on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    Ask your employer for a copy of your certificate of sponsorship if you do not have one.

    ", + "

    If your certificate of sponsorship was issued before 1 December 2020

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship will need to be updated because it was assigned to you before the Tier 2 (General) work visa was replaced by the Skilled Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Ask your employer to update the \u2018sponsor notes\u2019 section in the UK visa sponsorship management system.

    ", + "

    Other documents you might need

    ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might be asked to provide:

    ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "
  • a criminal record certificate - if you\u2019re working in certain jobs
    • ", + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher
    • ", + "
  • your UK PhD certificate, or your unique Ecctis reference number (formerly unique UK NARIC reference number) if your qualification is from outside the UK - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it
    • ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    Criminal record certificate

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a criminal record certificate if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK and you work in:

    ", + "
  • education, for example teachers, education advisers and school inspectors, childminders, teaching assistants
    • ", + "
  • healthcare, for example nurses, doctors, paramedics, managers, pharmacists, dentists and dental nurses, ophthalmic opticians
    • ", + "
  • therapy, for example psychologists, speech and language therapists, counsellors
    • ", + "
  • social services, for example social workers, managers, probation officers, welfare and housing officers
    • ", + "

    Check how to apply for criminal records checks.

    ", + "

    If you work in healthcare, you might be able to apply for the Health and Care Worker visa instead.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lived in more than one country

    ", + "

    You might need to provide a certificate from each country you\u2019ve lived in, depending on your age and how long you stayed in each country.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 28, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in for a total of 12 months or more since you turned 18.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 28 or over, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in over the last 10 years.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve got your documents ready

    ", + "

    You can apply online once your documents are ready.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK and are coming to the UK
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and extending your current visa
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and switching from a different visa
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve read the guidance and you\u2019re not sure if you\u2019re eligible, you can use a Home Office checker tool. You\u2019ll be asked to confirm that you meet all of the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Skilled Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply for a Skilled Worker visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as your partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as your child
    • ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nvisa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    If they do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application
    • ", + "
  • they may have to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    Apply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you apply to extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children cannot apply to switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You must apply for your child\u2019s dependant visa if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.

    ", + "

    The form you fill in depends on if:

    ", + "
  • your child is inside the UK
    • ", + "
  • your child is outside the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can usually apply to extend a Skilled Worker visa or a Tier 2 (General) work visa if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you have the same job as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your job is in the same occupation code as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still working for the employer who gave you your current certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    Some\u00a0health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    If you have a Tier 2 (General) work visa

    ", + "

    You may need to meet different eligibility requirements, depending on:

    ", + "
  • whether you got the certificate of sponsorship for your first Tier 2 visa before or after 24 November 2016
    • ", + "
  • whether you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Skilled Worker visa before 6 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • your occupation code - some have different going rates
    • ", + "

    The requirements will apply if you either:

    ", + "
  • have a Tier 2 (General) work visa
    • ", + "
  • had a Tier 2 (General) work visa which you\u2019ve extended as a Skilled Worker visa
    • ", + "

    If you got your certificate of sponsorship before 24 November 2016

    ", + "

    If you apply to extend before 24 May 2023, the minimum salary you\u2019ll need to be paid is fixed at a lower rate. You\u2019ll need to be paid at least \u00a320,800 per year unless the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than this.

    ", + "

    If you got your certificate of sponsorship on or after 24 November 2016

    ", + "

    If you apply to extend before 1 December 2026, you will still need to meet the new salary requirements, but your salary may also include allowances, such as London weighting. Any allowances must be guaranteed for the length of your stay.

    ", + "

    If you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Skilled Worker visa before 6 April 2021

    ", + "

    The minimum salary requirement of \u00a310.10 per hour or the going rate for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing does not apply.

    ", + "

    Jobs with different going rates

    ", + "

    For some jobs, the going rate for the Skilled Worker visa is different.

    ", + "Occupation code | Going rate for Skilled Worker visa | 90% of going rate (for relevant STEM PhD) | 80% of going rate (for relevant non-STEM PhD or shortage occupation) | 70% of going rate (for new entrants)", + "2113 Physical scientists | \u00a329,000 (\u00a313.94 per hour) | \u00a326,100 (\u00a312.55 per hour) | \u00a323,200 (\u00a311.15 per hour) | \u00a320,300 (\u00a39.76 per hour)", + "2119 Natural and social science professionals | \u00a329,000 (\u00a313.94 per hour) | \u00a326,100 (\u00a312.55 per hour) | \u00a323,200 (\u00a311.15 per hour) | \u00a320,300 (\u00a39.76 per hour)", + "2311 Higher education teaching professionals | \u00a333,000 (\u00a315.87 per hour) | \u00a329,700 (14.28 per hour) | \u00a326,400 (\u00a312.69 per hour) | \u00a323,100 (\u00a311.11 per hour)", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed job or employer

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa instead.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check how much it costs for your type of visa.

    ", + "

    You may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your Skilled Worker visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Update your visa if you change job or employer

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your Skilled Worker or Tier 2 (General) work visa if:

    ", + "
  • you want to change your job and your new job is with a different employer
    • ", + "
  • your job changes to a different occupation code, and you\u2019re not in a graduate training programme
    • ", + "
  • you leave a job that\u2019s on the shortage occupation list for a job that is not on the list
    • ", + "

    You do not need to apply again if you stay in the same job, but your job is taken off the shortage occupation list.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll be doing a different job for your current employer, you only need to apply to update your visa if your new job is in a different occupation code.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Eligibility and documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    Your new job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only need to provide other evidence again if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to add a second job to your current visa

    ", + "

    You must apply to update your visa if you take on a second job that is either:

    ", + "
  • more than 20 paid hours a week in addition to the job you\u2019re being sponsored for
    • ", + "
  • in a different occupation code
    • ", + "

    Your second job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.

    ", + "

    Your letter must state:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your current certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • the date when your current permission to stay runs out
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a new visa giving you permission to do both jobs.

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply to update your visa if you\u2019re taking on additional work in the same occupation code or you\u2019ll be doing less than 20 paid hours a week.

    ", + "

    When to apply to update your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to update your visa up to 3 months before the start date of your new job.

    ", + "

    You can continue working in your current job while your new application is being considered, or to work out your notice period - as long as you apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You should not start your new job until you\u2019ve got confirmation of your new permission.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply. You\u2019ll also be told how to provide your supporting documents if you need to.

    ", + "

    Apply to update your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Skilled Worker visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must meet the following requirements:

    ", + "
  • your job meets the eligibility requirements
    • ", + "
  • you can speak, read, write and understand English
    • ", + "

    Who cannot apply to switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to switch to this visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and apply for a Skilled Worker visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Each person applying will need to pay:

    ", + "
  • the visa application fee
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge for each year of their stay - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "

    You may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch to a Skilled Worker visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Taking on additional work

    ", + "

    You can do additional paid work on this visa as long as you\u2019re still doing the job you\u2019re being sponsored for. You can also do unpaid voluntary work.

    ", + "

    You can work up to 20 hours a week in a job that\u2019s either:

    ", + "
  • in the same occupation code and at the same level as your main job
    • ", + "
  • in a shortage occupation
    • ", + "

    Check if your job is on the list of:

    ", + "
  • healthcare and education shortage occupations
    • ", + "
  • all other shortage occupations
    • ", + "

    Due to coronavirus (COVID-19), there\u2019s currently no limit on the number of hours you can work or volunteer if you have a second job as an NHS doctor, nurse or paramedic.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll be working more than 20 hours a week or in a different occupation code

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa so that you\u2019re being sponsored to do both jobs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • get a new certificate of sponsorship from your second employer
    • ", + "
  • include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Health and Care Worker visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-care-worker-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A Health and Care Worker visa allows medical professionals to come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job with the NHS, an NHS supplier or in adult social care.

    ", + "

    Some health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your job

    ", + "

    To qualify for a Health and Care Worker visa, you must:

    ", + "
  • be a qualified doctor, nurse, health professional or adult social care professional
    • ", + "
  • work in an eligible health or social care job
    • ", + "
  • work for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK
    • ", + "
  • be paid a minimum salary - how much depends on the type of work you do
    • ", + "

    Check if your job is eligible.

    ", + "

    You must have a confirmed job offer before you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You must be able to speak, read, write and understand English. You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of English when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for a Health and Care Worker visa

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    Your visa can last for up to 5 years before you need to extend it. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or update your visa when it expires or if you change jobs or employer.

    ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK and are coming to the UK
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and extending your current visa
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and switching from a different visa
    • ", + "

    If you want to change your job or employer, you must apply to update your visa.

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you are due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    You may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    You, your partner or children will each need to:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee
    • ", + "
  • prove you have enough personal savings
    • ", + "

    Check how much money you\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You - and your partner or children - will not have to pay the healthcare surcharge.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work in an eligible job
    • ", + "
  • take on additional work in certain circumstances
    • ", + "
  • do voluntary work
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • change jobs or employer unless you update your visa
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Health and Care Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Your job

    ", + "

    You must meet all of the following requirements to be eligible for a Health and Care Worker visa:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a qualified doctor, nurse, health professional or adult social care professional
    • ", + "
  • your job is eligible for this visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be working for a UK health and care sector employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be paid the minimum salary or the \u2018going rate\u2019 for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing - whichever is higher
    • ", + "

    Check if your job is eligible

    ", + "

    Before you can find out if your job is eligible, you need to know its 4-digit occupation code.

    ", + "

    If you already have a job offer, ask your employer for your occupation code.

    ", + "

    Look up your job\u2019s occupation code

    ", + "

    If you do not know your code, you can search for your job in the ONS occupation coding tool.

    ", + "

    Not every job title is included. If you cannot find your exact job title, try searching for similar jobs.

    ", + "

    Make sure the job description matches what you\u2019ll be doing. Some jobs in the same area of practice have different codes, for example dentists and dental hygiene therapists.

    ", + "

    Check if an occupation code is eligible for this visa

    ", + "

    Your job must be in one of the following occupation codes to qualify for the Health and Care Worker visa:

    ", + "
  • 1181: health services and public health managers and directors
    • ", + "
  • 1242: residential, day and domiciliary care managers and proprietors
    • ", + "
  • 2112: biological scientists and biochemists
    • ", + "
  • 2113: physical scientists
    • ", + "
  • 2211: medical practitioners
    • ", + "
  • 2212: psychologists
    • ", + "
  • 2213: pharmacists
    • ", + "
  • 2214: ophthalmic opticians
    • ", + "
  • 2215: dental practitioners
    • ", + "
  • 2217: medical radiographers
    • ", + "
  • 2218: podiatrists
    • ", + "
  • 2219: health professionals that are \u2018not elsewhere classified\u2019, such as audiologists and occupational health advisers
    • ", + "
  • 2221: physiotherapists
    • ", + "
  • 2222: occupational therapists
    • ", + "
  • 2223: speech and language therapists
    • ", + "
  • 2229: therapy professionals that are \u2018not elsewhere classified\u2019, such as osteopaths and psychotherapists
    • ", + "
  • 2231: nurses
    • ", + "
  • 2232: midwives
    • ", + "
  • 2442: social workers
    • ", + "
  • 3111: laboratory technicians
    • ", + "
  • 3213: paramedics
    • ", + "
  • 3216: dispensing opticians
    • ", + "
  • 3217: pharmaceutical technicians
    • ", + "
  • 3218: medical and dental technicians
    • ", + "
  • 3219: health associate professionals not elsewhere classified
    • ", + "
  • 6141: nursing auxiliaries and assistants
    • ", + "
  • 6143: dental nurses
    • ", + "
  • 6146: senior care workers
    • ", + "

    Approved UK health and care sector employers

    ", + "

    You must have a job offer from an approved UK employer before you apply for a Health and Care Worker visa. Approved employers are also known as sponsors, because they are sponsoring you to come to or stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must have a job offer from:

    ", + "
  • the NHS
    • ", + "
  • an organisation providing medical services to the NHS
    • ", + "
  • an organisation providing adult social care
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance to see a full list of eligible employers.

    ", + "

    If your employer is not currently approved, they can apply for a sponsor licence if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to pay a fee - \u00a3536 for small businesses and charities or \u00a31,476 for medium and large organisations. It usually takes around 8 weeks to process a licence application.

    ", + "

    If you already have a job offer from an approved employer

    ", + "

    Your employer - also known as your sponsor - will check that you meet the eligibility requirements. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 to prove this.

    ", + "

    The certificate of sponsorship is an electronic record, not a physical document. It will have a reference number, which you\u2019ll need for your visa application.

    ", + "

    You must apply for your visa within 3 months of getting your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Salary requirements

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a320,480.

    ", + "

    If the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than \u00a320,480, you\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least the going rate.

    ", + "

    Each occupation code has its own annual going rate. How you find the going rate depends on your job.

    ", + "

    When you need to meet different salary requirements

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to meet different salary requirements for this visa if your job is in one of the the following occupation codes:

    ", + "
  • 1181: health services and public health managers and directors
    • ", + "
  • 1242: residential, day and domiciliary care managers and proprietors
    • ", + "
  • 2112: biological scientists and biochemists
    • ", + "
  • 2113: physical scientists
    • ", + "
  • 3111: laboratory technicians
    • ", + "
  • 3216: dispensing opticians
    • ", + "
  • 3217: pharmaceutical technicians
    • ", + "
  • 6146: senior care workers
    • ", + "

    Find out the going rate if your job is in one of these occupation codes - including when you can earn less.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re doing any other health and care job

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll need to earn in the table of national pay scales for eligible healthcare jobs.

    ", + "

    Salaries are listed by NHS pay band and area of the UK you\u2019ll be working in. Ask your employer if you\u2019re not sure what your role or pay band will be.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll need to meet different salary requirements

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to meet different salary requirements for this visa if your job is in one of the following occupation codes:

    ", + "
  • 1181: health services and public health managers and directors
    • ", + "
  • 1242: residential, day and domiciliary care managers and proprietors
    • ", + "
  • 2112: biological scientists and biochemists
    • ", + "
  • 2113: physical scientists
    • ", + "
  • 3111: laboratory technicians
    • ", + "
  • 3216: dispensing opticians
    • ", + "
  • 3217: pharmaceutical technicians
    • ", + "
  • 6146: senior care workers
    • ", + "

    If your job is in any other occupation code that is eligible for this visa, you must meet the salary requirements described in \u2018Your job\u2019.

    ", + "

    Salary requirements

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a325,600 per year or \u00a310.10 per hour, whichever is higher. If the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than both of these, you\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least the going rate.

    ", + "

    Each occupation code has its own annual going rate. Check the going rate for your job in the going rates table.

    ", + "

    When you can be paid less

    ", + "

    You might still be able to apply for a Health and Care Worker visa if your job is eligible but your salary is less than \u00a325,600 or your job\u2019s usual \u2018going rate\u2019. You must still be paid at least \u00a310.10 per hour.

    ", + "

    You can be paid between 70% and 90% of the usual going rate for your job if your salary is at least \u00a320,480 per year and you meet one of the following criteria:

    ", + "
  • your job is in a shortage occupation
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training
    • ", + "
  • you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job (if you have a relevant PhD level qualification in any other subject your salary must be at least \u00a323,040)
    • ", + "
  • you have a postdoctoral position in a scientific role
    • ", + "

    Your job is in a shortage occupation

    ", + "

    A \u2018shortage occupation\u2019 is a skilled job where there is a shortage of workers in the UK.

    ", + "

    If your job is on the shortage occupation list, you can be paid 80% of the job\u2019s usual going rate.

    ", + "

    View the shortage occupations list to see if your job is included and how much you\u2019ll need to be paid.

    ", + "

    Make sure you check there\u2019s a shortage in the part of the UK you\u2019ll be working in - England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training

    ", + "

    You can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 26 on the date you apply
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Student visa studying at bachelor\u2019s degree level or above - or you have been in the last 2 years, and a Student or visit visa was your most recent visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Graduate Entrepreneur visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be working towards a recognised qualification in a UK regulated profession
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be working towards full registration or chartered status in the job you\u2019re being sponsored for
    • ", + "

    Your total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply for one of these reasons. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.

    ", + "

    If this applies to you, check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.

    ", + "

    You have a PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job

    ", + "

    You can earn 80% or 90% of the job\u2019s usual going rate, depending on which subject you are qualified in.

    ", + "

    If you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) qualification, you can be paid 80% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still earn at least \u00a320,480 per year.

    ", + "

    If you have a non-STEM qualification, you can be paid 90% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still earn at least \u00a323,040 a year.

    ", + "

    In both situations, you must:

    ", + "
  • have a UK PhD or an equivalent doctorate-level overseas qualification - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to check if an overseas qualification is equivalent to a UK PhD
    • ", + "
  • be able to prove your qualification is relevant to the job you\u2019ll be doing in the UK - your employer can confirm this
    • ", + "

    View the list of jobs that qualify for a PhD salary discount to see how much you need to be paid.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a research or academic leader, you may also be eligible to apply for the Global Talent visa. This visa has no language or minimum salary requirements.

    ", + "

    You have a postdoctoral position in a scientific role

    ", + "

    You can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if you\u2019ll be working in a postdoctoral position.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.

    ", + "

    Your total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply to work in a postdoctoral position at 70% of the usual going rate. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.

    ", + "

    Level of English

    ", + "

    You must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to at least level B1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by:

    ", + "
  • passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider
    • ", + "
  • having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English, gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18
    • ", + "
  • having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) for confirmation that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a doctor, dentist, nurse or midwife

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019ve already passed an English Language assessment that is accepted by the relevant regulated professional body.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    When you apply for a Health and Care Worker visa, you\u2019ll need to have enough money to:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee
    • ", + "
  • support yourself when you arrive in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.

    ", + "

    Application fees

    ", + "

    The standard application fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 years - \u00a3232 per person
    • ", + "
  • more than 3 years - \u00a3464 per person
    • ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you apply from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • proof of your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your job title and annual salary
    • ", + "
  • your job\u2019s occupation code
    • ", + "
  • the name of your employer and their sponsor licence number - this will be on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    Ask your employer for a copy of your certificate of sponsorship if you do not have one.

    ", + "

    If your certificate of sponsorship was issued before 1 December 2020

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship will need to be updated because it was assigned to you before the Tier 2 (General) work visa was replaced by the Skilled Worker visa. The Health and Care Worker visa is a type of skilled work visa.

    ", + "

    Ask your employer to update the \u2018sponsor notes\u2019 section in the UK visa sponsorship management system.

    ", + "

    Other documents you might need

    ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might be asked to provide:

    ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "
  • a criminal record certificate - if you\u2019re working in certain jobs
    • ", + "
  • your UK PhD certificate, or your unique Ecctis reference number (formerly unique UK NARIC reference number) if your qualification is from outside the UK - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it
    • ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    Criminal record certificate

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a criminal record certificate if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK, unless your job is in one of the following occupation codes:

    ", + "
  • biological scientists and biochemists (2112)
    • ", + "
  • physical scientists (2113)
    • ", + "

    Check how to apply for criminal records checks.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lived in more than one country

    ", + "

    You might need to provide a certificate from each country you\u2019ve lived in, depending on your age and how long you stayed in each country.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 28, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in for a total of 12 months or more since you turned 18.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 28 or over, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in over the last 10 years.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Health and Care Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply for a Health and Care Worker visa

    ", + "

    Apply for a Skilled Worker visa. You\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019re applying for a Health and Care Worker visa as part of your application - make sure you choose \u2018yes\u2019.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as your partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as your child
    • ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the application fee. The fee depends on whether they\u2019ll be in the UK for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 years - \u00a3232 per person
    • ", + "
  • more than 3 years - \u00a3464 per person
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nvisa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    If they do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application
    • ", + "
  • they may have to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    Apply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you apply to extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children cannot apply to switch to your Health and Care Worker visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch to your Health and Care Worker visa as your partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch to your Health and Care Worker visa as your child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    Some health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can usually apply to extend your Health and Care Worker visa if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you have the same job as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your job is in the same occupation code as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still working for the employer who gave you your current certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • you still meet the salary requirements
    • ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    If you have a Tier 2 Health and Care Worker visa

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have a Tier 2 Health and Care Worker visa if either:

    ", + "
  • you applied for a Health and Care Worker visa before 1 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • you had a Tier 2 (General) work visa which you\u2019ve extended as a Health and Care Worker visa
    • ", + "

    If you have this visa, you may need to meet different eligibility requirements, depending on:

    ", + "
  • whether you got the certificate of sponsorship for your first Tier 2 visa before or after 24 November 2016
    • ", + "
  • whether you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Health and Care Worker visa before 6 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • your occupation code - some have different going rates
    • ", + "

    If you got your certificate of sponsorship before 24 November 2016

    ", + "

    If you apply to extend before 24 May 2023, you\u2019ll need to be paid at least \u00a320,800 per year unless the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than this.

    ", + "

    This applies even if your job normally has different salary requirements.

    ", + "

    If you got your certificate of sponsorship on or after 24 November 2016

    ", + "

    If you apply to extend before 1 December 2026, you will still need to meet the salary requirements, but your salary may also include allowances, such as London weighting. Any allowances must be guaranteed for the length of your stay.

    ", + "

    If you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Health and Care Worker visa before 6 April 2021

    ", + "

    If your job has different salary requirements, you do not need to be paid at least \u00a310.10 per hour. You\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a325,600 or the going rate for your job, whichever is higher.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a physical scientist

    ", + "

    If you were sponsored for your Tier 2 (General) or Health and Care Worker visa before 1 December 2020, the going rate for your job is different.

    ", + "Occupation code | Going rate for Health and Care Worker visa | 90% of going rate (for relevant STEM PhD) | 80% of going rate (for relevant non-STEM PhD or shortage occupation) | 70% of going rate (for new entrants)", + "2113 Physical scientists | \u00a329,000 (\u00a313.94 per hour) | \u00a326,100 (\u00a312.55 per hour) | \u00a323,200 (\u00a311.15 per hour) | \u00a320,300 (\u00a39.76 per hour)", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed job or employer

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa instead.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check how much it costs for your type of visa.

    ", + "

    You may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your Health and Care Worker visa

    ", + "

    Apply for a Skilled Worker visa. You\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019re applying for a Health and Care Worker visa as part of your application - make sure you choose \u2018yes\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Update your visa if you change job or employer

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your Health and Care Worker visa if:

    ", + "
  • you want to change your job and your new job is with a different employer
    • ", + "
  • your job changes to a different occupation code, and you\u2019re not in a graduate training programme
    • ", + "
  • you leave a job that\u2019s on the shortage occupation list for a job that is not on the list
    • ", + "

    The same conditions apply to Tier 2 Health and Care visas issued before 1 December 2020.

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply again if you stay in the same job, but your job is taken off the shortage occupation list.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll be doing a different job for your current employer, you only need to update your visa if your new job is in a different occupation code.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Eligibility and documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    Your new job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only need to provide other evidence again if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to add a second job to your current visa

    ", + "

    You must apply to update your visa if you take on additional work that is either:

    ", + "
  • more than 20 paid hours a week in addition to the job you\u2019re being sponsored for
    • ", + "
  • in a different occupation code
    • ", + "

    Your second job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.

    ", + "

    Your letter must state:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your current certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • the date when your current permission to stay runs out
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a new visa giving you permission to do both jobs.

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply to update your visa if you\u2019re taking on additional work in the same occupation code or you\u2019ll be doing less than 20 paid hours a week.

    ", + "

    When to apply to update your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to update your visa up to 3 months before the start date of your new job.

    ", + "

    You can continue working in your current job while your new application is being considered, or to work out your notice period - as long as you apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You should not start your new job until you\u2019ve got confirmation of your new permission.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply. You\u2019ll also be told how to provide your supporting documents if you need to.

    ", + "

    Apply to update your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Skilled Worker visa. You\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019re applying for a Health and Care Worker visa as part of your application - make sure you choose \u2018yes\u2019.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Health and Care Worker visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must meet the following requirements:

    ", + "
  • your job meets the eligibility requirements
    • ", + "
  • you can speak, read, write and understand English
    • ", + "

    Who cannot apply to switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to switch to this visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and apply for a Health and Care Worker visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for as long as your employer is sponsoring you for, up to 5 years at a time. Your certificate of sponsorship will say how long your employer is sponsoring you for.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check how much it costs for your type of visa.

    ", + "

    You may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch to a Health and Care Worker visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Skilled Worker visa. You\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019re applying for a Health and Care Worker visa as part of your application - make sure you choose \u2018yes\u2019.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Taking on additional work

    ", + "

    You can do additional paid work on this visa as long as you\u2019re still doing the job you\u2019re being sponsored for. You can also do unpaid voluntary work.

    ", + "

    You can work up to 20 hours a week in a job that\u2019s either:

    ", + "
  • in the same occupation code and at the same level as your main job
    • ", + "
  • in a shortage occupation
    • ", + "

    Check if your job is on the list of:

    ", + "
  • healthcare and education shortage occupations
    • ", + "
  • all other shortage occupations
    • ", + "

    Due to coronavirus (COVID-19), there\u2019s currently no limit on the number of hours you can work or volunteer if you have a second job as an NHS doctor, nurse or paramedic.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll be working more than 20 hours a week or in a different occupation code

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa so that you\u2019re being sponsored to do both jobs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • get a new certificate of sponsorship from your second employer
    • ", + "
  • include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Intra-company visas", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/intracompany-transfer-worker-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    An Intra-company visa allows you to come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job at your employer\u2019s UK branch.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Types of Intra-company visa

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of Intra-company visa.

    ", + "

    Intra-company Transfer visa

    ", + "

    Apply for this visa if you\u2019re being transferred by your employer to a role in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have worked for your employer overseas for more than 12 months, unless they\u2019re going to pay you \u00a373,900 a year or more to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Long-term Staff visa.

    ", + "

    Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa

    ", + "

    This visa is for transfers to the UK as part of a graduate training programme for a managerial or specialist role.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have worked for your employer overseas for at least 3 months immediately before the date you apply.

    ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Graduate Trainee visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To qualify for an Intra-company visa, you must:

    ", + "
  • be an existing employee of an organisation that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office as a sponsor
    • ", + "
  • have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK
    • ", + "
  • do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations
    • ", + "
  • be paid at least \u00a341,500 for an Intra-company Transfer visa or at least \u00a323,000 for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa
    • ", + "

    The specific eligibility requirements depend on your job.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    How long you can stay in the UK with an Intra-company visa depends on which visa you\u2019re applying for and how long your employer is sponsoring you for.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Transfer visa

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK with an Intra-company Transfer visa for whichever is shorter of:

    ", + "
  • the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days
    • ", + "
  • 5 years
    • ", + "
  • the length of time that takes you to the maximum total stay allowed
    • ", + "

    The maximum total stay allowed for an Intra-company Transfer visa is:

    ", + "
  • 5 years in any 6 year period if you\u2019re paid less than \u00a373,900 a year
    • ", + "
  • 9 years in any 10 year period if you\u2019re paid \u00a373,900 a year or more
    • ", + "

    You can extend your visa or apply for another one up to the maximum total stay. If you have already been in the UK with an Intra-company visa before your application, that time will be included in your total stay.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK with an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa for whichever is shorter of:

    ", + "
  • the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days
    • ", + "
  • 12 months
    • ", + "
  • the length of time that takes you to the maximum total stay allowed
    • ", + "

    You cannot extend your visa, but you can apply for another Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa from outside the UK. You have to have been working for your sponsor outside the UK for at least 3 months immediately before the date you apply.

    ", + "

    The maximum total stay allowed for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa is 5 years in any 6 year period. If you have already been in the UK with an Intra-company visa before your application, that time will be included in your total stay.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK and are coming to the UK
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and extending your current visa
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and switching from a different visa
    • ", + "

    You can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    You, your partner or children will each need to:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee
    • ", + "
  • pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay
    • ", + "
  • prove you have enough personal savings
    • ", + "

    Check how much it costs.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you are due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    You may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:

    ", + "
  • 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK
    • ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    With an Intra-company visa you can:

    ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "
  • do a second job for up to 20 hours a week that\u2019s either in the same profession and at the same level as your main job or on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list
    • ", + "
  • do voluntary work
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • change jobs unless you update your visa
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with an Intra-company visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible for an Intra-company visa you need to:

    ", + "
  • have a valid certificate of sponsorship from your employer
    • ", + "
  • have worked for your employer outside the UK - how long you need to have worked for them depends on the visa you\u2019re applying for and your salary
    • ", + "
  • do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations
    • ", + "
  • be paid the minimum eligible salary required for your job
    • ", + "

    Getting a certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    Your employer - also known as your sponsor - will give you a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 with information about the role you have been offered in the UK. It\u2019s an electronic record, not a paper document.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the reference number from the certificate of sponsorship for your visa application. You must apply for your visa within 3 months of getting your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    If your employer is not currently licensed to sponsor people to work in the UK, they can apply for a sponsor licence if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How long you need to have worked for your employer outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must have worked for your employer outside of the UK. How long you need to have worked for them depends on what visa you\u2019re applying for and how much you\u2019re paid.

    ", + "What visa you\u2019re applying for | How long you need to have worked for your employer outside the UK", + "Intra-company Transfer (earning less than \u00a373,900 a year) | 12 months", + "Intra-company Transfer (earning \u00a373,900 a year or more) | no minimum time", + "Intra-company Graduate Trainee | 3 months", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa, you must have worked for your employer overseas for the 3 months immediately before the date you apply.

    ", + "

    Check if your job is eligible

    ", + "

    Before you can find out if your job is eligible, you need to know its 4-digit occupation code. You can get this from your employer or your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    When you know your occupation code, check the table of eligible jobs to see if it\u2019s eligible for your visa type.

    ", + "

    Salary requirements

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Transfer visa you must be paid at least \u00a341,500 or the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job - whichever is higher.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa you must be paid at least \u00a323,000 or 70% of the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job - whichever is higher.

    ", + "

    Each occupation code has its own annual going rate. Check the going rate for your job in the going rates table.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    When you apply for an Intra-company visa, you\u2019ll need to have enough money to:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee - the standard fee ranges from \u00a3610 to \u00a31,408 depending on your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • pay the healthcare surcharge - this is usually \u00a3624 per year
    • ", + "
  • support yourself when you arrive in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    How much you pay to apply for an Intra-company visa depends on the type of visa and where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "What you\u2019re applying for | Apply from outside the UK | Extend or switch in the UK", + "Intra-company Transfer (up to 3 years) | \u00a3610 per person | \u00a3704 per person", + "Intra-company Transfer (more than 3 years) | \u00a31,220 per person | \u00a31,408 per person", + "Intra-company Graduate Trainee | \u00a3482 per person | \u00a3482 per person", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay - this is usually \u00a3624 per year. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself when you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28 day period must be within 31 days of the date you apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for 12 months or more
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your job title and annual salary
    • ", + "
  • your job\u2019s occupation code
    • ", + "
  • the name of your employer and their sponsor licence number - this will be on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "

    Ask your employer for a copy of your certificate of sponsorship if you do not have one.

    ", + "

    If your certificate of sponsorship was issued before 1 December 2020

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship will need to be updated because it was assigned to you before the Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Long-term Staff visa and Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Graduate Trainee visa were replaced.

    ", + "

    Ask your employer to update the \u2018sponsor notes\u2019 section in the UK visa sponsorship management system.

    ", + "

    Other documents you might need

    ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might be asked to provide:

    ", + "
  • evidence you\u2019ve worked for your employer outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • details of your training programme if you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa
    • ", + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you need to give your biometric information (fingerprints and a photograph) at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this when you apply.

    ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    Evidence you\u2019ve worked for your employer outside the UK

    ", + "

    After you apply you might be asked to show you\u2019ve worked for your employer for a certain amount of time.

    ", + "

    The length of time depends on what visa you\u2019re applying for:

    ", + "
  • Intra-company Transfer earning less than \u00a373,900 a year - 12 months
    • ", + "
  • Intra-company Transfer earning \u00a373,900 a year or more - no minimum time
    • ", + "
  • Intra-company Graduate Trainee - 3 months
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked, you\u2019ll need to show you\u2019ve been paid by your employer over this time period. You can provide:

    ", + "
  • printed payslips
    • ", + "
  • online payslips supported by a letter from your sponsor signed by a senior staff member
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society statements
    • ", + "
  • a building society pass book
    • ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an Intra-company visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the visa application centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply for an Intra-company visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28 day period must be within 31 days of the date you or they apply for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as a partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as a child
    • ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document (they\u2019ll also create or sign into their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    If they do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application
    • ", + "
  • they may have to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    Apply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will not be able to apply to switch to this visa if they are currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document (they\u2019ll also create or sign into their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Intra-company Transfer visa from inside the UK if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you have the same job as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your job is in the same occupation code as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still working for the employer who gave you your current certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • you have not reached the maximum total stay
    • ", + "

    You cannot extend an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa from inside the UK.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    If your job changes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa instead.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check how much it costs for your type of visa.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your Intra-company Transfer visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Update your visa if your job changes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your Intra-company visa if your job changes to a different occupation code. You must still have the same employer.

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply again if you have an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa and your job changes as part of your graduate training programme. Your employer will notify UK Visas and Immigration.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Eligibility and documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    Your new job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only need to provide other evidence again if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    When to apply to update your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to update your visa up to 3 months before the start date of your new job.

    ", + "

    You can continue working in your current job while your new application is being considered - as long as you apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You should not start your new job until you\u2019ve got confirmation of your new permission.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to do this when you apply. You\u2019ll also be told how to provide your supporting documents if you need to.

    ", + "

    Apply to update your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Switch to an Intra-company visa

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to an Intra-company Transfer visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa. You must meet the eligibility requirements

    ", + "

    You cannot switch to an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa from inside the UK.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Who cannot apply to switch

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to switch to an Intra-company visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and apply for an Intra-company Transfer visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check how much it costs.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch to an Intra-company Transfer visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Minister of Religion visa (T2)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minister-of-religion-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Minister of Religion visa (T2) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been offered a job within a faith community (for example as a minister of religion, missionary, or member of a religious order) in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Getting sponsored

    ", + "

    You need to be employed by a licensed sponsor to apply to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor checks that you can do the job they\u2019re hiring you for and if it qualifies you for a visa. They\u2019ll give you a certificate of sponsorship to prove this.

    ", + "

    They must also give you other information you need when you apply, for example how much you\u2019ll be paid.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you\u2019re due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    How much you pay for a Minister of Religion visa (T2) depends on where you are.

    ", + "Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply outside the UK | Extend or switch in the UK", + "You | \u00a3610 | \u00a3704", + "All dependants | \u00a3610 each person | \u00a3704 each person", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can come to the UK with a Minister of Religion visa (T2) for a maximum of up to 3 years and 1 month, or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your visa expires.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job - in certain circumstances
    • ", + "
  • do voluntary work
    • ", + "
  • study as long as it does not interfere with the job you\u2019re sponsored for
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • own more than 10% of your sponsor\u2019s shares (unless you earn more than \u00a3159,600 a year)
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • have a certificate of sponsorship for your job
    • ", + "
  • prove your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • have personal savings so you can support yourself when you arrive in the UK
    • ", + "
  • show you can travel and your travel history over the last 5 years
    • ", + "
  • have tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "

    You need to have an eligible qualification if you\u2019re switching from a Tier 4 visa.

    ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship holds your personal details and information about the job you\u2019ve been offered. It\u2019s an electronic record, not a paper document. Your sponsor will give you a certificate of sponsorship reference number to add to your application.

    ", + "

    You can only use your certificate of sponsorship reference number once. You must use it within 3 months of getting it.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by either:

    ", + "
  • passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level B2 in reading, writing, speaking and listening
    • ", + "
  • having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) as being equivalent to a UK bachelors degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    You may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    You also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the full visa guidance.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number (your employer will give you this)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality - you need a blank page in your passport for your visa
    • ", + "
  • expired passports or travel documents if you need them to show your travel history
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    See the full list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance about the money you\u2019ll need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Minister of Religion visa (T2).

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph taken at the visa application centre, so you can get a biometric residence permit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Minister of Religion visa (T2)

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to extend your stay in the UK under a Minister of Religion visa (T2).

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to meet the eligibility criteria and provide the right documents.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need a new certificate of sponsorship from your sponsor.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can extend a Minister of Religion visa (T2) for up to 3 years, or the time given in your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, or the time required to take your total stay in the UK to a maximum of 6 years, whichever time is shorter.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your visa.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your Minister of Religion visa (T2)

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision:

    ", + "
  • within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service
    • ", + "
  • within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service
    • ", + "

    If you use the super priority service you\u2019ll get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your circumstances or application are more complicated, for example if:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) from another visa to a Minister of Religion visa (T2).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must meet the Minister of Religion visa (T2) eligibility requirements and must already be in the UK under any of the following visas:

    ", + "
  • Tier 1 visa
    • ", + "
  • Tier 2 (Sportsperson) visa
    • ", + "
  • Tier 2 (General) visa
    • ", + "
  • Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) visa under the Immigration Rules in place before 6 April 2010 and you\u2019re applying to change sponsor
    • ", + "
  • Tier 4 visa - if you have an eligible qualification
    • ", + "
  • Start-up visa
    • ", + "
  • Innovator visa
    • ", + "

    You can also switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a dependent partner of someone with a Tier 4 visa
    • ", + "
  • a representative of an overseas business
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and make your Minister of Religion visa (T2) application from abroad if you\u2019re not in any of these categories.

    ", + "

    Eligible qualifications for Tier 4 visa

    ", + "

    You must have been sponsored by a licensed sponsor to get one of the following qualifications:

    ", + "
  • a UK bachelors degree
    • ", + "
  • a UK masters degree
    • ", + "
  • a postgraduate certificate in education
    • ", + "
  • a professional graduate diploma of education
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a PhD student, you must have also have completed the last 12 months\u2019 study during your most recent stay in the UK. This can be through a licensed sponsor or another visa that allowed you to study.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay up to 3 years after switching to a Minister of Religion visa (T2).

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your visa.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch to a Minister of Religion visa (T2)

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision:

    ", + "
  • within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service
    • ", + "
  • within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service
    • ", + "

    If you use the super priority service you\u2019ll get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAs appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK to extend

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Taking a second job

    ", + "

    You can take a second job on this visa if you\u2019re working up to 20 hours a week in either:

    ", + "
  • the same profession as your main job
    • ", + "
  • a profession on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list
    • ", + "

    You can also do unpaid voluntary work.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new visa. You\u2019ll need to be sponsored by your second employer and get a new certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    When to apply for a new visa

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a new visa until you\u2019ve started work with your first sponsor.

    ", + "

    You cannot start work with your second sponsor until your visa application has been approved.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Read the guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    You must be in the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide some documents with your application.

    ", + "

    You must also provide a letter explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.

    ", + "

    Your letter must state:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your current certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • the date when your current permission to stay runs out
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Sportsperson visa (T2)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/sportsperson-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Sportsperson visa (T2) if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re an elite sportsperson or qualified coach, who\u2019s recognised by your sport\u2019s governing body as being at the highest level of your profession internationally
    • ", + "
  • your sport\u2019s governing body is endorsing your application
    • ", + "
  • your employment will develop your sport in the UK at the highest level
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Getting sponsored

    ", + "

    Your sponsor is the governing body endorsing your application. They\u2019ll give you a certificate of sponsorship to prove they\u2019re sponsoring you.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you\u2019re due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    How much you pay for a Sportsperson visa (T2) depends on where you are.

    ", + "Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply outside the UK | Extend or switch in the UK", + "You | \u00a3610 | \u00a3704", + "All dependants | \u00a3610 each person | \u00a3704 each person", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can come to the UK with a Sportsperson visa (T2) for up to 3 years.

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend this visa for up to another 3 years to a maximum stay of 6 years.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job in certain circumstances
    • ", + "
  • play for your national team in the UK
    • ", + "
  • work as a sports broadcaster
    • ", + "
  • do voluntary work
    • ", + "
  • study as long as it does not interfere with the job you\u2019re sponsored for
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "
  • start or run a business
    • ", + "
  • apply for a second job until you\u2019ve started working for your sponsor
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • have a valid certificate of sponsorship for your job
    • ", + "
  • prove your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • have personal savings so you can support yourself when you arrive in the UK
    • ", + "
  • show you can travel and your travel history over the last 5 years
    • ", + "
  • have tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "

    You need to have an eligible qualification if you\u2019re switching from a Tier 4 visa.

    ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship holds your personal details and information about the job you\u2019ve been offered. It\u2019s an electronic record, not a paper document. Your sponsor will give you a certificate of sponsorship reference number to add to your application.

    ", + "

    You can only use your certificate of sponsorship reference number once. You must use it within 3 months of getting it.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by either:

    ", + "
  • passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level A1 in speaking and listening
    • ", + "
  • having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) as being equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    You may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    You also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the full visa guidance.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number (your employer will give you this)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality - you need a blank page in your passport for your visa
    • ", + "
  • expired passports or travel documents if you need them to show your travel history
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "
  • a letter of endorsement from your sport\u2019s governing body, if you\u2019re applying as a sportsperson or coach
    • ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    See the full list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance about the money you\u2019ll need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Sportsperson visa (T2).

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph taken at the visa application centre, so you can get a biometric residence permit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Sportsperson visa (T2)

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay in the UK under a Sportsperson visa (T2).

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay. They\u2019ll also need to submit a separate application.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must have your endorsement by your sport\u2019s governing body renewed and a new certificate of sponsorship reference number.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay in the UK with a Sportsperson visa (T2) for up to 3 years and 14 days.

    ", + "

    You must leave the UK after this. You can only apply for this visa again if you can show you\u2019ll be paid a gross annual salary of \u00a335,800 or more.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your type of visa.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your Sportsperson visa (T2)

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision:

    ", + "
  • within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service
    • ", + "
  • within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service
    • ", + "

    If you use the super priority service you\u2019ll get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your circumstances or application are more complicated, for example if:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) from another visa to a Sportsperson visa (T2).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must meet the Sportsperson visa (T2) eligibility requirements and you must already be in the UK under any of the following visas or schemes:

    ", + "
  • Tier 1 visa
    • ", + "
  • Tier 2 (General) visa
    • ", + "
  • Tier 2 (Minister of Religion) visa
    • ", + "
  • Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) visa under the Immigration Rules in place before 6 April 2010 and you\u2019re applying to change sponsor
    • ", + "
  • Tier 4 visa - if you have an eligible qualification or you\u2019ve done at least 12 months of a PhD
    • ", + "
  • Start-up visa
    • ", + "
  • Innovator visa
    • ", + "

    You can also switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • dependent partner of someone with a Tier 4 visa
    • ", + "
  • representative of an overseas business
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and make your Sportsperson visa (T2) application from abroad if you\u2019re not in any of these categories.

    ", + "

    Eligible qualifications for Tier 4 visa

    ", + "

    You must have been sponsored by a licensed sponsor to get one of the following qualifications:

    ", + "
  • a UK bachelors degree
    • ", + "
  • a UK masters degree
    • ", + "
  • a postgraduate certificate in education
    • ", + "
  • a professional graduate diploma of education
    • ", + "

    PhD students

    ", + "

    You must have completed at least 12 months\u2019 study during your most recent stay in the UK. This can be through a licensed sponsor or another visa that allowed you to study.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay in the UK with a Sportsperson visa (T2) for up to 3 years and 14 days.

    ", + "

    You must leave the UK after this. You can only apply for this visa again if you can show you\u2019ll be paid a gross annual salary of \u00a335,800 or more.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your type of visa.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch to a Sportsperson visa (T2)

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision:

    ", + "
  • within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service
    • ", + "
  • within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service
    • ", + "

    If you use the super priority service you\u2019ll get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if it will take longer, for example if:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • your application is complex because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK to extend

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Taking a second job

    ", + "

    You can take a second job on this visa if you\u2019re working up to 20 hours a week in either:

    ", + "
  • the same profession as your main job
    • ", + "
  • a profession on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list
    • ", + "

    You can also do unpaid voluntary work.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new visa. You\u2019ll need to be sponsored by your second employer and get a new certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    When to apply for a new visa

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a new visa until you\u2019ve started work with your first sponsor.

    ", + "

    You cannot start work with your second sponsor until your visa application has been approved.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Read the guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    You must be in the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need to provide

    ", + "

    You need to provide some documents with your application.

    ", + "

    You must also provide a letter explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.

    ", + "

    Your letter must state:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your current certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • the date when your current permission to stay runs out
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-charity-worker-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) if:

    ", + "
  • you want to do unpaid voluntary work for a charity
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Charity Worker) visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Sponsorship

    ", + "

    You must have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.

    ", + "

    The work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    The application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.

    ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend from inside the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the the next working day after your UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay for up to 12 months or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate
    • ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job in the same sector at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • receive any payment for work
    • ", + "
  • take a permanent job
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible for a Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) you need:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about the job you will do and your personal details. It is not a certificate or paper document.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor must also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, for example your working hours.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.

    ", + "

    Multiple entry

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You can only extend your existing visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must continue to meet the eligibility rules.

    ", + "

    You must be in the UK to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for this visa.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You should read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You can apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK to extend

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must apply for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been offered work in the UK as a sports person or creative worker
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    A creative worker is someone who works in the creative industry, for example an actor, dancer, musician or film crew member.

    ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting) visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Sponsorship

    ", + "

    You need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.

    ", + "

    The work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    The application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.

    ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can come to the UK for a maximum of up to 12 months, or the time given in your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    You may be able to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    Your stay must start no more than 14 days before the start date on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    If you intend to work in the UK for 3 months or less, you may be able to use the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession instead of applying for the visa.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)
    • ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition
    • ", + "
  • work as a sports broadcaster
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "
  • start your own business
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your eligibility for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) depends on whether you\u2019re a sports person or a creative worker.

    ", + "

    Sports person

    ", + "

    You need to make a significant contribution to your sport at the highest level in the UK to be eligible for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need all of the following:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    Creative worker

    ", + "

    You need all of the following to be eligible for the creative category:

    ", + "
  • make a unique contribution to the UK labour market, for example you\u2019re internationally renowned or are required for continuity
    • ", + "
  • certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • be paid the minimum salary as set by Equity, PACT or BECTU (except for models, musicians or circuses)
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    You need a licensed sponsor to give you a certificate of sponsorship before you can apply to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.

    ", + "

    They must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example how much you\u2019ll be paid.

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.

    ", + "

    Changing your sponsor

    ", + "

    You must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.

    ", + "

    Changing your sponsor does not change how long you can stay in the UK. You can only stay the maximum length of time allowed by this visa.

    ", + "

    Multiple entry

    ", + "

    Your sponsor needs to give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship if you need to leave and come back to the UK as part of the job you\u2019re doing.

    ", + "

    Multiple jobs when you\u2019re a creative worker

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can give you a certificate that covers the entire length of your stay, even if you need to perform at more than one engagement. If you\u2019re working for more than one sponsor, you can get a certificate from each sponsor.

    ", + "

    There cannot be a gap of more than 14 days between each job. If you leave the UK and come back, your time away will not count towards those 14 days.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "
  • a letter of endorsement from your sport\u2019s governing body, if you\u2019re applying as a sportsperson or coach
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Read the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You cannot extend your stay if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must continue to meet the eligibility rules.

    ", + "

    You must be in the UK to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    Creative worker

    ", + "

    You can extend your visa for whichever is the shortest of:

    ", + "
  • up to 12 months
    • ", + "
  • the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days
    • ", + "
  • the time needed to extend your stay to the maximum of 24 months
    • ", + "

    You must stay with the same sponsor.

    ", + "

    Sports person

    ", + "

    You can extend your visa up to 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for this visa.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You should read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You can switch to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if you\u2019re in the UK on a Standard Visitor visa and your sponsor gave you a certificate of sponsorship for this visa before you came to the UK.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You cannot switch to this visa if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay for a maximum of up to 12 months after switching to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for this visa.

    ", + "

    How to switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK without applying for a visa in advance if you:

    ", + "
  • have a valid Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • are coming to work in the UK for 3 months or less
    • ", + "
  • do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor
    • ", + "

    You must still meet the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) eligibility criteria.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to extend your stay while you are in the UK, or switch to another temporary worker visa or a Skilled Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can travel with you if they also do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor.

    ", + "

    When you arrive in the UK

    ", + "

    You must see an immigration officer when you arrive in the UK - do not use the automatic ePassport gates. The officer will check:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship is valid
    • ", + "
  • you have enough money to support yourself
    • ", + "

    You will not be allowed to work if you use an automatic ePassport gate. You must see an immigration officer.

    ", + "

    If you enter the UK from Ireland

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to the UK from Ireland using the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession, you must apply for remote clearance at least 72 hours before you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)
    • ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition
    • ", + "
  • work as a sports broadcaster
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "
  • start your own business
    • ", + "
  • extend your stay or switch to another visa
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government-authorised-exchange", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5) if you:

    ", + "
  • want to come to the UK for a short time for work experience or to do training, an Overseas Government Language Programme, research or a fellowship through an approved government authorised exchange scheme
    • ", + "
  • have a sponsor
    • ", + "
  • meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange) visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Sponsorship

    ", + "

    You need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed sponsor before you can apply to come to the UK to work.

    ", + "

    Your work, training or research in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can be any of the following:

    ", + "
  • an organisation running an approved exchange scheme
    • ", + "
  • a higher education institution (if you are a sponsored researcher, visiting academic or examiner)
    • ", + "
  • a government department or agency
    • ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    The application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.

    ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 12 or 24 months (depending on the scheme you\u2019re applying for) or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)
    • ", + "
  • work in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job for up to 20 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week as well as your main job
    • ", + "
  • apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Global Talent visa if you\u2019re in the government authorised exchange scheme for sponsored researchers
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • take a permanent job
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must have both of the following:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.

    ", + "

    They must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example your working hours.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to add your certificate of sponsorship reference number to your application form - you can only use it once.

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.

    ", + "

    Multiple entry

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa.

    ", + "

    You must also provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Read the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Temporary worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You might be able to extend your stay. You must still meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    You must apply while you\u2019re still in the UK.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to stay in the UK for up to a maximum of:

    ", + "
  • 12 months, if you\u2019re doing work experience
    • ", + "
  • 24 months, if you\u2019re doing research, training or an Overseas Government Language Programme
    • ", + "

    You can also stay for the length of time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your visa.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You should read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Changing your sponsor

    ", + "

    You must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • student, whether studying, resitting an examination or writing a thesis
    • ", + "
  • student union sabbatical officer
    • ", + "
  • student nurse
    • ", + "
  • postgraduate doctor or dentist
    • ", + "
  • student visa holder (including Tier 4)
    • ", + "
  • sponsored researcher who came to the UK on a work permit and you want to continue in the same job with your sponsor
    • ", + "

    You must have completed a UK bachelor\u2019s or master\u2019s degree during your last grant of leave.

    ", + "

    You must also meet the other eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your visa.

    ", + "

    How to switch your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Temporary Worker \u2013 International Agreement Worker visa (T5)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/international-agreement-worker-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5) if you\u2019ll be contracted to do work covered by international law or treaty while in the UK. For example if you\u2019ll be:

    ", + "
  • working for a foreign government
    • ", + "
  • working as a private servant in a diplomatic household
    • ", + "
  • providing a service under contract as a contractual service supplier or independent professional
    • ", + "

    You must also meet the other eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - International Agreement) visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Sponsorship

    ", + "

    You need to be sponsored (have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer) before you can apply to come to the UK.

    ", + "

    The work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    The application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.

    ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re working for a foreign government or as a private servant in a diplomatic household you can stay for 2 years, or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    Providing a service under contract

    ", + "

    You can stay for 6 months in any 12 month period, or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter if you are providing a service under contract:

    ", + "
  • in a relevant sector as set out in the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
    • ", + "
  • in another services trade agreement under which the United Kingdom has similar commitments
    • ", + "

    You can stay longer if your work is covered by one of the following agreements:

    ", + "
  • UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement - 12 months or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 14 days, whichever is shorter
    • ", + "
  • Temporary agreement between the Swiss Confederation (Switzerland) and the UK on services mobility - 12 months in any 24 month period or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 14 days, whichever is shorter
    • ", + "

    When you can enter and leave

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK 14 days before the start date on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to leave the UK within 60 days if your job finishes early. It\u2019s unlikely you\u2019ll have to leave if your visa has less than 60 days remaining.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate
    • ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list or one in the same sector as your main job for up to 20 hours per week (unless you are a private servant, a contractual service supplier or an independent professional)
    • ", + "
  • study, as long as it does not interfere with the job you\u2019re sponsored for
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "
  • start working before you get your visa
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5) if you have:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    Work covered by international law

    ", + "

    Your work in the UK must be any of the following:

    ", + "
  • covered by the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
    • ", + "
  • covered by similar agreements between the UK and other countries
    • ", + "
  • for an overseas government or international organisation
    • ", + "
  • as a private servant in a diplomatic household or in the household of an employee of an international organisation
    • ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about you and your job. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor will also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, your working hours for example.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.

    ", + "

    Multiple entry

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Read the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must be in the UK to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    You must continue to meet the eligibility rules.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa for up to 2 years at a time up to a total maximum stay of 6 years if you are working:

    ", + "
  • for a foreign government
    • ", + "
  • as a private servant in a diplomatic household and applied for your visa before 5 April 2012
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re working as a private servant in a diplomatic household and applied for your visa on or after 5 April 2012 your total maximum stay can only be 5 years or until the last date of your employer\u2019s posting, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a contractual service supplier or independent professional you can only stay in the UK for a maximum of:

    ", + "
  • 12 months if providing a service under the UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement
    • ", + "
  • 12 months in any 24 month period if providing a service under the Temporary agreement between the Swiss Confederation (Switzerland) and the UK on services mobility
    • ", + "
  • 6 months in any 12 month period in all other cases
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your visa.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch into a Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5) while you are in the UK if you want to continue working for your current employer and you:

    ", + "
  • have a work permit
    • ", + "
  • work for an overseas government or international organisation
    • ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay for 2 years or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your visa.

    ", + "

    How to switch your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/religious-worker-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5) if:

    ", + "
  • you want to do religious work in a non-pastoral role or religious order
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Religious Worker) visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Sponsorship

    ", + "

    You must have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed sponsor before you can apply to come to the UK to work.

    ", + "

    The work you do in the UK must relate to your sponsor organisation\u2019s work.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    The application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.

    ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you are applying to extend from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend from inside the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a visa to live and work in the UK for up to 24 months, or up to 28 days more than the time on your certificate of sponsorship. You may be sponsored for a shorter period.

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate
    • ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job in the same sector at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week outside the hours of your main job
    • ", + "
  • do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week outside the hours of your main job
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot get public funds.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must have both of the following:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about the job you\u2019ll do and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor must also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, for example your working hours.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.

    ", + "

    Multiple entry

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Read the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You can only extend your existing visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must continue to meet the eligibility rules.

    ", + "

    You must apply again if you want to change your job within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 24 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days - whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your visa.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You should read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK to extend

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Temporary Worker - Seasonal Worker visa (T5)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seasonal-worker-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Seasonal Worker visa (T5) if you want to come to the UK for up to 6 months to do farm work. You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • have a sponsor
    • ", + "
  • meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 5 Seasonal Worker visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Fee

    ", + "

    The visa costs \u00a3244.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 6 months.

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK as soon as your visa is valid (up to 14 days before the start date of your job).

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • take a permanent job
    • ", + "
  • work in a second job or a job that isn\u2019t described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "
  • bring family members with you
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must be 18 or over when you apply and have both of the following:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to add your certificate of sponsorship reference number to your visa application form - you can only use it once.

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it\u2019s assigned to you.

    ", + "

    Multiple entry

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless your sponsor can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your sponsor can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your sponsor will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your sponsor will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your sponsor can support you)
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa. If you have another type of travel document (for example, a stateless person\u2019s travel document) it must have space for your visa.

    ", + "

    You must also provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh, apart from your passport.

    ", + "

    The Home Office might ask you to provide additional documents after you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/youth-mobility", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you:

    ", + "
  • want to live and work in the UK for up to 2 years
    • ", + "
  • are aged 18 to 30
    • ", + "
  • have \u00a32,530 in savings
    • ", + "
  • have certain types of British Nationality or are from certain countries or territories
    • ", + "
  • meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Youth Mobility Scheme) visa.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 6 months before you travel.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3244 to apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a visa to live and work in the UK for up to 24 months.

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK at any time while your visa is valid, and leave and come back at any time during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you turn 31 while you\u2019re in the UK, you can stay for as long as your visa is valid.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate
    • ", + "
  • work in most jobs
    • ", + "
  • be self-employed and set up a company - as long as your premises are rented, your equipment is not worth more than \u00a35,000 and you do not have any employees
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • work as a professional sportsperson (for example as a coach)
    • ", + "
  • extend your stay
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "
  • bring in family members on your application - they must apply separately
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you\u2019re aged 18 to 30 and you\u2019re from:

    ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Monaco
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • San Marino
    • ", + "

    You must be selected in the Youth Mobility Scheme ballot before you can apply for your visa if you\u2019re from:

    ", + "
  • Hong Kong
    • ", + "
  • Japan
    • ", + "
  • South Korea
    • ", + "
  • Taiwan
    • ", + "

    You must also be aged 18 to 30 on the date you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    You can also apply if you\u2019re 18 to 30 and a:

    ", + "
  • British overseas citizen
    • ", + "
  • British overseas territories citizen
    • ", + "
  • British national (overseas)
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply if you have:

    ", + "
  • children under the age of 18 who live with you
    • ", + "
  • children you\u2019re financially responsible for
    • ", + "
  • already been in the UK under the scheme
    • ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a32,530 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show proof of this when you apply.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • a bank statement showing you have at least \u00a32,530 in savings
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Read the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the Youth Mobility Scheme guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea or Taiwan, you must be successfully selected in the Youth Mobility Scheme ballot before you can apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Innovator visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/innovator-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for an Innovator visa if:

    ", + "
  • you want to set up and run an innovative business in the UK - it must be something that\u2019s different from anything else on the market
    • ", + "
  • your business or business idea has been endorsed by an approved body, also known as an endorsing body
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must be able to show that your business idea is:

    ", + "
  • new - you cannot join a business that is already trading
    • ", + "
  • innovative - you must have an original business idea which is different from anything else on the market
    • ", + "
  • viable, with potential for growth
    • ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You must be able to speak, read, write and understand English. You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of English when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for an Innovator visa

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay for 3 years if you either:

    ", + "
  • come to the UK on an Innovator visa
    • ", + "
  • switch to this visa from another visa while in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay for another 3 years when your visa is due to expire. There\u2019s no limit on the number of times you can extend.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for settlement once you\u2019ve been in the UK for 3 years.

    ", + "

    If your endorsement is withdrawn

    ", + "

    Your visa may be cut short if your endorsement is withdrawn by the endorsing body. If you want to stay longer, you must re-apply with a new endorsement before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK and are coming to the UK
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and extending your current visa
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and switching from a different visa
    • ", + "

    You can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    You may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:

    ", + "
  • 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK
    • ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    How much you pay for an Innovator visa depends on your situation and where you apply from.

    ", + "Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply (outside the UK) | Extend or switch (in the UK)", + "You | \u00a31,021 | \u00a31,277", + "Your partner and children | \u00a31,021 each person | \u00a31,277 each person", + "

    You must pay the visa fee for each person that applies at the same time as you or applies later to join you in the UK.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    With an Innovator visa you can:

    ", + "
  • set up a business or several businesses
    • ", + "
  • work for your business - this includes being employed as a director, or self-employed as a member of a business partnership
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 3 years and meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • do any work outside your business, for example work where you\u2019re employed by another business
    • ", + "
  • work as a professional sportsperson, for example a sports coach
    • ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with an Innovator visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Before you apply you need to have your business or business idea assessed by an endorsing body.

    ", + "

    They will provide you with an endorsement letter if your business is eligible.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • meet the English language requirement
    • ", + "
  • be at least 18 years old
    • ", + "
  • be able to prove that you have enough personal savings to support yourself while you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "

    Read the specific requirements for the Innovator visa before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you want to set up a new business

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a350,000 in investment funds to apply for an Innovator visa if you want to set up a new business.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove where you got your funding from.

    ", + "

    You do not need any investment funds if either:

    ", + "
  • your business is already established and has been endorsed for an earlier visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve changed your business and already agreed it with your endorsing body
    • ", + "

    Supporting yourself

    ", + "

    You need to have had at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you either:

    ", + "
  • apply for an Innovator visa
    • ", + "
  • apply to extend your Innovator visa or switch to an Innovator visa if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than a year
    • ", + "

    You cannot use either of the following to support yourself:

    ", + "
  • money from your investment funds
    • ", + "
  • money earned while working in the UK illegally
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    Sharing investment funds

    ", + "

    You can form a team with other Innovator applicants, but you cannot share the same investment funds.

    ", + "

    Your team must have \u00a350,000 for each Innovator applicant. For example, if you have 2 Innovator applicants, your team must have \u00a3100,000 to invest.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.

    ", + "

    Level of English

    ", + "

    You must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to a level B2 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by:

    ", + "
  • passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider
    • ", + "
  • having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18
    • ", + "
  • having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply for confirmation through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you need to provide an \u2018endorsement letter\u2019 to show that an endorsing body has assessed your business or business idea.

    ", + "

    You also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • bank statements showing you\u2019ve had at least \u00a31,270 in savings in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply
    • ", + "
  • proof that you meet the English language requirement
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your investment funds (if you\u2019re setting up a new business)
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an Innovator visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply for an Innovator visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not
    • ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must each have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    In addition to the \u00a31,270 you must have to support yourself, you - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have had the money in your bank account or your dependant\u2019s bank account for at least 28 days before you or they apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless you or they are applying from inside the UK and you\u2019ve been here for 1 year or more.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as a partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as a child
    • ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee). They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, they\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. This is to get a biometric residence permit, which they\u2019ll need to collect within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch)

    ", + "

    Apply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you apply to extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will not be able to apply to switch to an Innovator visa if they are currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and child must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch to an Innovator visa as your partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch to an Innovator visa as your child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    Getting a faster decision

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can usually apply to extend an Innovator visa if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you meet the eligibility requirements
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still running a business in the UK or want to set up a new one
    • ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You must have \u00a350,000 in investment funds if you want to set up a new business. You do not need funds if either:

    ", + "
  • your business is already established and has been endorsed for an earlier visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve changed your business and already agreed it with your endorsing body
    • ", + "

    You need to have your business or business idea assessed by an endorsing body when you extend your visa.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check how much money you\u2019ll need to extend your visa and support yourself while you\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    In addition to the application fee, you may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a\nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply in the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply online to extend an Innovator visa you\u2019ve had in the last year.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to apply at a visa application centre. You can apply from any country as long as you\u2019ve been given permission to live there for at least 6 months. Check if there\u2019s a visa application centre that you can travel to that accepts Innovator visa applications.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not
    • ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to an Innovator visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    Who cannot apply to switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You cannot switch to this visa if you have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay for 3 years after switching to an Innovator visa.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no limit on the number of times you can extend your visa.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    Check the visa application fees.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply to switch to an Innovator visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not
    • ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Start-up visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/start-up-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Start-up visa if:

    ", + "
  • you want to set up an innovative business in the UK - it must be something that\u2019s different from anything else on the market
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must be endorsed by an authorised body that is either:

    ", + "
  • a UK higher education institution
    • ", + "
  • a business organisation with a history of supporting UK entrepreneurs
    • ", + "

    You must be able to show that your business idea is:

    ", + "
  • a new idea - you cannot join in a business that is already trading
    • ", + "
  • innovative - you must have an original business idea which is different from anything else on the market
    • ", + "
  • viable - it has potential for growth
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for a Start-up visa

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay for 2 years if you either:

    ", + "
  • come to the UK on a Start-up visa
    • ", + "
  • switch to this visa from another visa while in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to extend this visa.

    ", + "

    You may be able to switch to an Innovator visa if you set up a business while on a Start-up visa and:

    ", + "
  • your endorsing body assessed and agreed it
    • ", + "
  • it is active, trading and sustainable
    • ", + "
  • you have day to day involvement in it
    • ", + "

    If your endorsement is withdrawn

    ", + "

    Your visa may be cut short if your endorsement is withdrawn by the endorsing body. If you want to stay longer, you must re-apply with a new endorsement before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You can only stay for a total of 2 years even if you\u2019re granted a new visa with a new endorsement.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK and are coming to the UK
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and switching from a different visa
    • ", + "

    You can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    You may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:

    ", + "
  • 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK
    • ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    How much you pay for a Start-up visa depends on your situation and where you apply from.

    ", + "Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply (outside the UK) | Switch (in the UK)", + "Yourself | \u00a3363 | \u00a3493", + "Your partner and children | \u00a3363 each person | \u00a3493 each person", + "

    You must pay the visa fee for each person that applies at the same time as you or applies later to join you in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    With a Start-up visa you can:

    ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "
  • work in another job, as well as working for your business
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "

    You can also switch to this visa from some other visa categories.

    ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • work as a professional sportsperson, for example a sports coach
    • ", + "
  • settle in the UK on this visa
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Start-up visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Before you apply you need to have your business or business idea assessed by an endorsing body.

    ", + "

    They will provide you with an endorsement letter if your business is viable.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be at least 18 years old
    • ", + "
  • meet the English language requirement
    • ", + "
  • be able to prove that you have enough personal savings to support yourself while you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "

    Read the specific requirements for the Start-up visa before you apply.

    ", + "

    Supporting yourself

    ", + "

    You need to have had at least \u00a31270 in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply, or if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than a year and applying to switch to this visa.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.

    ", + "

    Level of English

    ", + "

    You must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to a level B2 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by:

    ", + "
  • passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider
    • ", + "
  • having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18
    • ", + "
  • having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply for confirmation through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you need to provide an \u2018endorsement letter\u2019 to show that an endorsing body has assessed your business.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • bank statements showing you\u2019ve had at least \u00a31270 in savings in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply
    • ", + "
  • proof that you meet the English language requirement
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Start-up visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply for a Start-up visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not
    • ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must each have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    In addition to the \u00a31,270 you must have to support yourself, you - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have had the money in your bank account or your dependant\u2019s bank account for at least 28 days before you or they apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless you or they are applying from inside the UK and you\u2019ve been here for 1 year or more.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as a partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as a child
    • ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, they\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. This is to get a biometric residence permit, which they\u2019ll need to collect within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (switch)

    ", + "

    Apply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will not be able to apply to switch to a Start-up visa if they are currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and child must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • switch to a Start-up visa as your partner
    • ", + "
  • switch to a Start-up visa as your child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    Getting a faster decision

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Start-up visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    Who cannot apply to switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You cannot switch to this visa if you have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and make your application from abroad if you\u2019re here on a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for 2 years on a Start-up visa. Any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa counts as part of the 2 years.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    Check the visa application fees.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply to switch to a Start-up visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not
    • ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Apply for the Global Talent visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/global-talent", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Global Talent visa to work in the UK if you\u2019re a leader or potential leader in one of the following fields:

    ", + "
  • academia or research
    • ", + "
  • arts and culture
    • ", + "
  • digital technology
    • ", + "

    You must also be at least 18 years old.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Before you apply for a visa

    ", + "

    You can usually only apply for a Global Talent visa if you have successfully applied for an endorsement to prove that you are a leader or potential leader.

    ", + "

    You can apply for the visa without an endorsement if you\u2019ve won an eligible award. Find out which awards are eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out what you can do with a Global Talent visa and how to apply for an endorsement if you work in one of the following fields:

    ", + "
  • academia or research
    • ", + "
  • arts and culture
    • ", + "
  • digital technology
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for a Global Talent visa, there are other ways to work in the UK - for example a Skilled Worker visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can live and work in the UK for up to 5 years at a time.

    ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no limit to how long you can stay in the UK in total, but you will need to renew (\u2018extend\u2019) your visa when it expires. Each extension can last from 1 to 5 years - you choose how long you want the extension to be.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get indefinite leave to remain so you can settle in the UK after 3 or 5 years, depending on which field you work in and how you apply. This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK and are coming to the UK
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and extending your current visa
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and switching from a different visa
    • ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    You may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:

    ", + "
  • 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK
    • ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3608 to apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying based on an endorsement, you\u2019ll pay the \u00a3608 in two parts:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3456 when you apply for the endorsement
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3152 when you apply for the visa itself
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying based on an eligible award, you\u2019ll pay the full \u00a3608 when you apply for the visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re including your partner or children in your application, they\u2019ll each need to pay \u00a3608.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application - this is usually \u00a3624 per year for each person applying.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 when you apply for the visa itself if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve had an award or scholarship to study in the UK in the last year, you\u2019ll also need written permission to apply from the agency or government that granted it.

    ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • from outside the EU, EEA or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • from the EU, EEA or Switzerland but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve won an eligible award, the Home Office will look at publicly available information (such as the award organisation\u2019s website) to confirm that you\u2019ve won. You\u2019ll only be asked for evidence of your win if they cannot find this.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Before you apply for the Global Talent visa, you need to have either:

    ", + "
  • won an eligible award
    • ", + "
  • successfully applied for an endorsement to prove that you are a leader or potential leader in your field
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an endorsement

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for an endorsement before you apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    When you have an endorsement, you can apply for this visa if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been endorsed by an organisation approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying within 3 months of receiving your endorsement letter
    • ", + "
  • the organisation that endorsed you has not withdrawn its approval
    • ", + "

    If you apply for the visa before you have applied for an endorsement, your visa application may be rejected, but you\u2019ll get the visa application fee back, minus the processing fee.

    ", + "

    How to apply for the visa

    ", + "

    You can apply online for a Global Talent visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children will need to apply separately, and use your application number, to travel with you or join you in the UK if they are eligible.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to apply at a visa application centre. You can apply from any country as long as you\u2019ve been given permission to live there for at least 6 months. Check if there\u2019s a visa application centre that you can travel to that accepts Global Talent visa applications.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already living in the UK, you and your partner and children may be able to extend a Global Talent visa or switch to a Global Talent visa.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply for a Global Talent visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not
    • ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be supported by you without using benefits (\u2018public funds\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3608 for each dependant applying.

    ", + "

    They also need to pay:

    ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge
    • ", + "
  • \u00a319.20 to have their biometric information (fingerprints and photo) taken if they\u2019re applying in the UK
    • ", + "

    If your partner or children are outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as a partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as a child
    • ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll be asked to provide your application number so the Home Office can link their application to you.

    ", + "

    If your partner or children are already in the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    Apply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you extend your own Global Talent visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner and child can apply to switch to your Global Talent visa as your dependants, unless they are currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and child must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become British citizens.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can usually apply to extend your stay in the UK if either:

    ", + "
  • you applied for the Global Talent visa based on an endorsement, and the organisation that endorsed you has not withdrawn its approval
    • ", + "
  • you applied for a Global Talent visa based on an eligible award you won, and the award has not been withdrawn
    • ", + "

    You must be able to show that you earned money in your expert field during your time in the UK by sending evidence toward your application, for example payslips.

    ", + "

    Your partner or child will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Applicants who currently have a Tier 1 (Exceptional Talent) visa can extend under the Global Talent category.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa for up to 5 years at a time. You can renew your visa as many times as you like, as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to get indefinite leave to remain so you can settle in the UK after 3 or 5 years, depending on which field you work in and how you apply. This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3608 to apply to extend a Global Talent visa from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must pay the visa fee of \u00a3608 if they want to apply to travel with you or join you later in the UK.

    ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and giving supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a\nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply in the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply online to extend a Global Talent visa you\u2019ve had in the last year.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to apply at a visa application centre. You can apply from any country as long as you\u2019ve been given permission to live there for at least 6 months. Check if there\u2019s a visa application centre that you can travel to that accepts Global Talent visa applications.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Global Talent visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner or child will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To switch to a Global Talent visa you must be in the UK and have either:

    ", + "
  • won an eligible award
    • ", + "
  • proven that you are a leader or potential leader in one of the fields covered by the visa - this is also called getting an endorsement
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an endorsement

    ", + "

    The fields you must prove you\u2019re a leader or potential leader in are:

    ", + "
  • academia or research
    • ", + "
  • arts and culture
    • ", + "
  • digital technology
    • ", + "

    You must apply to switch to the Global Talent visa within 3 months of getting an endorsement.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for the visa if the organisation that endorsed you has withdrawn its approval.

    ", + "

    If you apply for the visa before you have applied for an endorsement, your visa application may be rejected, but you\u2019ll get the visa application fee back, minus the processing fee.

    ", + "

    If you have dependents

    ", + "

    Apply to switch your dependants\u2019 visas at the same time as you switch your own visa. If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can switch their visas at a later date - this must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Who cannot apply to switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to switch to this visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and apply for a Global Talent visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can choose how long you want to apply for, up to 5 years at a time.

    ", + "

    After you apply, you can stay in the UK until you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme, you do not need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to get indefinite leave to remain so you can settle in the UK after 3 or 5 years, depending on which field you work in and how you apply. This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Switching to a Global Talent visa costs \u00a3608.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying based on an endorsement, you\u2019ll pay the \u00a3608 in two parts:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3456 when you apply for the endorsement
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3152 when you apply for the visa itself
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying based on an eligible award, you\u2019ll pay the full \u00a3608 when you apply for the visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must pay \u00a3608 each if they want to apply to travel with you or join you later in the UK.

    ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 when you apply to switch to the visa itself if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and giving supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch to a Global Talent visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Decisions are usually made within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Entrepreneur visa (Tier 1)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tier-1-entrepreneur", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can no longer apply for a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa.

    ", + "

    If you want to set up or run a business in the UK you might be able to apply for an Innovator visa or a Start-up visa.

    ", + "

    If you already have a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa

    ", + "

    You can still apply:

    ", + "
  • to settle in the UK (indefinite leave to remain)
    • ", + "
  • to extend your visa
    • ", + "
  • for family members to join you
    • ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to extend your Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa if you:

    ", + "
  • registered as a director or as self-employed no more than 6 months after the date you were given permission to stay in the UK under a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa
    • ", + "
  • can prove you\u2019ve been self-employed, a member of a partnership or working as a director of a business 3 months before you apply
    • ", + "
  • created at least 2 full time jobs that have existed for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • can continue to support yourself
    • ", + "

    You must have invested into 1 or more UK businesses either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3200,000 in cash
    • ", + "
  • \u00a350,000 in cash
    • ", + "

    The amount depends on the level of funds your initial application was based on.

    ", + "

    You should include any dependants who are on your current visa on your application to extend - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    You should read the full guidance on the Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa before you apply.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a31,277 to extend this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. You\u2019ll pay as part of your application.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa if you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made on your application within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer. This could be because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa if you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK, you must apply online to extend a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already in the UK you may be able to switch to a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re on a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa
    • ", + "
  • you switched to a Start-up visa from a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa for your second year
    • ", + "

    You must meet the eligibility requirements for a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa. You must have:

    ", + "
  • \u00a350,000 in funds to spend in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a viable business plan
    • ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay for 3 years if your application to switch is successful.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a31,277 to switch to this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. You\u2019ll pay as part of your application.

    ", + "

    How to apply to switch your visa

    ", + "

    You should read the full guidance on the Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to switch to this visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made on your application within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer. This could be because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Switching to this visa if you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch to a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa if you have:

    ", + "
  • a valid Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa
    • ", + "
  • a valid Start-up visa, and you switched from a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa for your second year
    • ", + "
  • a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa that expired less than 12 months ago
    • ", + "
  • a Start-up visa that expired less than 12 months ago, and you switched from a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa for your second year
    • ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can join you if you\u2019re in the UK on this visa. Your family members must apply for their own visa.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re from the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland and arrive before 1 January 2021, they may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    A \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as a dependant
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on dependant applications before you apply.

    ", + "

    Adult family members must provide a criminal record certificate from any country they have lived in for 12 months or more in the last 10 years.

    ", + "

    Savings

    ", + "

    You must show that your dependants can be supported while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    Each dependant must have a certain amount of money available to them - this is in addition to the \u00a3945 you must have to support yourself.

    ", + "

    The amount depends on your circumstances. You must have \u00a31,890 for each dependant if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 12 months. If you\u2019ve been in the UK for more than 12 months, you must have \u00a3630 for each dependant.

    ", + "

    You must have proof you have the money, and that it\u2019s been in your bank account or your dependant\u2019s bank account for at least 90 days before you or they apply.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a31878 for each family member.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. They\u2019ll pay as part of their application.

    ", + "

    If your family member is applying from within the UK, they may be able to pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Dependants applying outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your family members must apply online.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of their application.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll have to collect their biometric residence permit within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if they actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    They may be able to get their visa faster or other services depending on what country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    If your child is over 18 they cannot apply if they are outside the UK. They can apply from inside the UK if they are already here as your dependant.

    ", + "

    Dependants applying in the UK on their own

    ", + "

    Your dependants can apply to extend or switch their visas to stay with you if they\u2019re already in the UK. Dependants must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as a dependant partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as a dependant child
    • ", + "

    Family members cannot apply in the UK as your dependant if they hold a visitor visa.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When they apply, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll be contacted if their application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if their supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if they need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of their personal circumstances (for example if they have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied they can stay in the UK until they\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as they applied before their last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    Your family can get help with completing the online form if they:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    Your family can only use this service if they\u2019re applying to extend or switch to your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Children born while you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, you can apply online to add them to your visa as your dependant.

    ", + "

    You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Investor visa (Tier 1)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tier-1-investor", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa if:

    ", + "
  • you want to invest \u00a32,000,000 or more in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You must have access to at least \u00a32,000,000 in investment funds to apply.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    You must pay \u00a31,623 to apply for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa. The fee is the same if you\u2019re extending or switching visas, or if you\u2019re applying as a family member.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can come to the UK with a Tier 1 (Investor) visa for a maximum of 3 years and 4 months.

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend this visa for another 2 years.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work or study
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle after 2 years if you invest \u00a310 million
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle after 3 years if you invest \u00a35 million
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle after 5 years if you invest \u00a32 million
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • work as a professional sportsperson or sports coach
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "

    You also cannot work as a doctor or dentist in training unless one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you have a primary degree at bachelors level or above in medicine or dentistry from a UK institution that holds a Student sponsor licence or is a UK-recognised or listed body
    • ", + "
  • you worked as a doctor or dentist in training the last time you were in the UK
    • ", + "
  • neither of those conditions were part of the terms and conditions on a previous visa
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a32,000,000 investment funds to apply for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • be 18 or over to apply for this visa
    • ", + "
  • be able to prove that the money belongs to either you or your husband, wife, unmarried or same-sex partner
    • ", + "
  • have opened an account at a UK regulated bank to use for your funds
    • ", + "

    Your funds must be:

    ", + "
  • held in one or more regulated financial institutions
    • ", + "
  • free to spend (\u2018disposable\u2019) in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your money can be in the UK or overseas when you apply.

    ", + "

    Students with financial sponsorship

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa if you\u2019re already in the UK and you\u2019re a student (including Tier 4) visa holder.

    ", + "

    You must have unconditional agreement in writing from your financial sponsor to re-enter or stay in the UK if your course fees and living costs were paid by either:

    ", + "
  • a government
    • ", + "
  • an international scholarship agency
    • ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel identification
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "
  • a criminal record certificate from any country you have stayed in for a total of 12 months or more over the last 10 years
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Evidence of investment funds

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence showing that you have the required investment funds.

    ", + "

    Your own money

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using your own money to invest, you should be able to show:

    ", + "
  • how much money you have and where it\u2019s being held
    • ", + "
  • where the money came from if you\u2019ve had the money for less than 2 years, for example you inherited it from a relative
    • ", + "
  • that the money can be transferred to the UK and converted to sterling (if it\u2019s not already in the UK)
    • ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s money

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of marriage or civil partnership, or in the case of unmarried or same-sex relationships, proof that you are in a long-term relationship (at least 2 years)
    • ", + "
  • a statement from your partner confirming that they will allow you to control the funds in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a letter from a legal adviser stating that the declaration is valid
    • ", + "

    Read the guide for a list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    Evidence you have a UK bank account

    ", + "

    You must provide a letter to prove you have an account at a UK regulated bank to use for your investment funds. The letter must:

    ", + "
  • have been issued by an authorised official
    • ", + "
  • be dated within 3 months of your application
    • ", + "
  • be on the official headed paper of the bank
    • ", + "
  • state your name and account number
    • ", + "
  • confirm you\u2019ve opened an account with the bank in order to invest \u00a32,000,000
    • ", + "
  • confirm the bank is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority
    • ", + "
  • confirm checks for money-laundering have been carried out
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You must collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply in the UK

    ", + "

    Check if you can apply from inside the UK to:

    ", + "
  • extend your existing Tier 1 (Investor) visa
    • ", + "
  • switch to this visa from another visa
    • ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to extend your Tier 1 (Investor) visa.

    ", + "

    You should include any dependants who are on your current visa on your application to extend - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires. Read the full guidance on the Tier 1 (Investor) visa before you apply.

    ", + "

    You successfully applied for your visa before 6 November 2014

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa if you:

    ", + "
  • have at least \u00a31,000,000 under your control in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have invested at least \u00a3750,000 (or 75%) of that in UK government bonds, share capital or loan capital in active UK companies
    • ", + "
  • invested this sum within 3 months of your \u2018investor start date\u2019
    • ", + "

    Funds under your control in the UK

    ", + "

    This sum should include the \u00a3750,000 (or more) investment and \u00a3250,000 (or the balance needed) to bring it up to at least \u00a31,000,000.

    ", + "

    These funds can be either:

    ", + "
  • your own money or your partner\u2019s money
    • ", + "
  • money that has been loaned to you by a UK regulated financial institution, as long as you have personal assets with a value of \u00a32,000,000 or more
    • ", + "

    You cannot mix the 2 sources of funds.

    ", + "

    You successfully applied for your visa on or after 6 November 2014

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa if you:

    ", + "
  • have at least \u00a32,000,000 under your control in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have invested those funds in share capital or loan capital in active UK companies
    • ", + "
  • invested this sum within 3 months of your \u2018investor start date\u2019
    • ", + "

    If you successfully applied before 29 March 2019, you can also apply to extend if you invested your funds in UK government bonds.

    ", + "

    Funds under your control in the UK

    ", + "

    You must have invested the full amount made up of your own money or your partner\u2019s money.

    ", + "

    Investment made within 3 months of your investor start date

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a series of investment portfolio reports produced by a UK regulated financial institution that show:

    ", + "
  • you invested at least \u00a3750,000 in UK government bonds or UK business within 3 months of your investor start date (if you first got your visa under the Immigration Rules in place before 6 November 2014)
    • ", + "
  • you invested all \u00a32 million (if you first got your visa under the Immigration Rules in place on or after 6 November 2014)
    • ", + "
  • this level of investment has been maintained for the length of your visa
    • ", + "

    Your \u2018investor start date\u2019 is either:

    ", + "
  • the date you came into the UK (if you have proof of this)
    • ", + "
  • the date your original visa application or switch from a different visa category was approved (if you cannot prove your date of entry)
    • ", + "

    How to extend your visa if you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    For each person, you\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,623 to extend this visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "
  • \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken
    • ", + "

    If you want to get a decision more quickly than the standard 8 weeks, you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will usually be made:

    ", + "
  • within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service
    • ", + "
  • within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complicated and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa if you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK, you must apply online to extend a Tier 1 (Investor) visa.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to switch to a Tier 1 (Investor) visa.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019re already in the UK under one of the following categories:

    ", + "
  • Tier 1 (General)
    • ", + "
  • Tier 1 (Entrepreneur)
    • ", + "
  • any Tier 2 category
    • ", + "
  • Student (including Tier 4)
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and make your application from abroad if you\u2019re in another category.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay a maximum of 3 years after switching to a Tier 1 (Investor) visa. You can also extend your visa if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    For each person, you\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,623 to switch to this visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "
  • \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken
    • ", + "

    If you want to get a decision more quickly than the standard 8 weeks, you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    How to switch

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance on the Tier 1 (Investor) visa before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will usually be made:

    ", + "
  • within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service
    • ", + "
  • within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can join you if you\u2019re in the UK on this visa. Your family members must apply for their own visa.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re from the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland and arrive before 1 January 2021, they may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    A \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife or partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as a dependant
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on dependant applications before you apply.

    ", + "

    Adult family members must provide a criminal record certificate from any country they have lived in for 12 months or more in the last 10 years.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for this visa.

    ", + "

    Dependants applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your family members must apply online.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of their application.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll have to collect their biometric residence permit within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if they actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    They may be able to get their visa faster or other services depending on what country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    If your child is over 18 they cannot apply if they are outside the UK. They can apply from inside the UK if they are already here as your dependant.

    ", + "

    Dependants applying in the UK

    ", + "

    You can include dependants in your online application to extend or switch to a Tier 1 (Investor) visa if they want to do it at the same time as you.

    ", + "

    If they want to extend or switch their visa at a different time, they can:

    ", + "
  • apply online - dependant partner application
    • ", + "
  • apply online - dependant child application
    • ", + "

    Family members cannot apply in the UK as your dependant if they hold a visitor visa.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When they apply, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of their application date if they use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If they pay an extra \u00a3800 to use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after their UKVCAS appointment if their appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after their UKVCAS appointment if their appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll be contacted if their application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if their supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if they need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of their personal circumstances (for example if they have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied they can stay in the UK until they\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as they applied before their last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Children born while you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, you can apply online to add them to your visa as your dependant.

    ", + "

    You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "UK Ancestry visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ancestry-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a UK Ancestry visa if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen
    • ", + "
  • you can prove one of your grandparents was born in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able and planning to work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    A UK Ancestry visa costs \u00a3516.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You may also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for 5 years on this visa.

    ", + "

    Applying to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years on this visa, you may be able to either:

    ", + "
  • apply to extend your visa for a further 5 years
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK (apply for \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019)
    • ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner or child
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • change (\u2018switch\u2019) into this visa if you came to the UK on a different visa
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must prove that you:

    ", + "
  • are 17 or over
    • ", + "
  • have enough money without help from public funds to support and house yourself and any dependants
    • ", + "
  • can and plan to work in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your ancestry

    ", + "

    You must show that you have a grandparent born in one of the following circumstances:

    ", + "
  • in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man
    • ", + "
  • before 31 March 1922 in what is now Ireland
    • ", + "
  • on a ship or aircraft that was either registered in the UK or belonged to the UK government
    • ", + "

    You can claim ancestry if:

    ", + "
  • you or your parent were adopted
    • ", + "
  • your parents or grandparents were not married
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim UK ancestry through step-parents.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    A \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18
    • ", + "
  • your child aged 18 or over who was previously on your or your partner\u2019s visa as a dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    Your child

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be supported by you without using public funds
    • ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner or child must apply online.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    Your partner and children may be able to extend their visa or switch to a UK Ancestry visa to stay with you in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can add your partner or children to your application when you extend your visa. They do not need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Switch to an Ancestry visa

    ", + "

    Your partner or child can apply to switch their visa online.

    ", + "

    They cannot apply to switch if they\u2019re currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visitor visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Short-term study visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Seasonal Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Domestic Workers in a Private Household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    If they\u2019re in one of those categories, they must leave the UK and apply for a UK Ancestry visa from abroad.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Children born while you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport (with a blank page for your visa) or another valid travel document
    • ", + "
  • your full birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • the full birth certificates of the parent and grandparent your ancestry claim is based on
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019re planning to work in the UK, for example job offers you\u2019ve received or a business plan if you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "
  • evidence, such as bank statements, that prove you can support yourself and any dependants in the UK - it must be dated within 31 days from when you submit your application
    • ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • evidence that your parents or grandparents have changed their name since birth, for example marriage or civil partnership certificates or a deed poll
    • ", + "
  • legal adoption papers if you or your parents are adopted
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take a TB test
    • ", + "
  • your marriage certificate or civil partnership registration document if your spouse or civil partner wants to join you in the UK
    • ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a UK Ancestry visa before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    Applying with your family

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you in the UK. Each family member will need to make their own application to come to the UK as your \u2018dependant\u2019.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you will need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa and stay in the UK for a further 5 years. You must apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You can extend this visa as many times as you like, as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    You can also apply to settle in the UK permanently if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years on this visa.

    ", + "

    Extending with your partner or children

    ", + "

    You should include any dependants (your partner or children) who are on your current visa on your application to extend. This includes children who have turned 18 during your stay. They do not need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    For each person applying you\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • the \u00a31,033 application fee
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "
  • \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken
    • ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply online, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    Extend your visa online

    ", + "

    You must apply online to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Frontier Worker permit", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/frontier-worker-permit", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A Frontier Worker permit lets you come to the UK to work while living elsewhere.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • you live outside of the UK
    • ", + "
  • you began working in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "

    You must usually have worked in the UK at least once every 12 months since you started working here. You may still be able to apply if you\u2019ve had periods of unemployment or were unable to work during this time.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an Irish citizen, you do not need to apply for a Frontier Worker permit but you can choose to do so.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply if you\u2019re a British citizen (this includes dual citizenship).

    ", + "

    If you have not worked in the UK by 31 December 2020

    ", + "

    If you want to work in the UK from 1 January 2021, and were not working here before, you\u2019ll need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    The visa you\u2019ll need depends on the type of work and how long you want to come for. Check which type of visa you\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    You do not need a visa if you\u2019re a British or Irish citizen.

    ", + "

    What the permit allows you to do

    ", + "

    You can use your permit to enter the UK as a frontier worker and show your right to:

    ", + "
  • work
    • ", + "
  • rent
    • ", + "
  • access benefits and services, including NHS healthcare, if you meet the relevant eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee to apply for the permit, and you do not have to pay the immigration health surcharge. You may have to pay to submit your biometric information (photograph or fingerprints).

    ", + "

    When and how to apply

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a frontier worker, you\u2019ll need a permit to enter the UK to work from 1 July 2021. You can use your passport or national identity card until then.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ll also need to go to an appointment at a visa application centre or UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    You will not usually need an appointment if you can use a smartphone app and have a passport or ID card with a biometric chip.

    ", + "

    If you need an appointment

    ", + "

    Allow extra time to arrange your appointment and travel to the centre - there may not be one near you. You may need to pay for your appointment.

    ", + "

    The centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application.

    ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    Family members are not covered by your Frontier Worker permit.

    ", + "

    Your family member may be eligible to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme for settled or pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a Frontier Worker permit if you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, and you:

    ", + "
  • live outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • meet the requirements for working in the UK
    • ", + "

    Living outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must live \u2018primarily\u2019 outside of the UK. How you meet this requirement depends on how much time you\u2019ve spent here since 1 January 2020.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be eligible if you\u2019ve spent less than 180 days in total in the UK over the course of any 12 month period.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve spent 180 days or more in the UK within 12 months

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be eligible if, in that 12 month period, you returned to the country you live in at least either:

    ", + "
  • once every 6 months
    • ", + "
  • twice in the 12 month period
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be able to apply if there are exceptional circumstances meaning you could not travel to your country of residence in this period, such as an illness or accident.

    ", + "

    Working in the UK

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • have started working in the UK while living elsewhere by 31 December 2020, either as an employed or self-employed person
    • ", + "
  • do eligible work
    • ", + "
  • usually have worked in the UK (as an employed or self-employed person) at least once every 12 months since you started working here
    • ", + "

    Eligible work

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be eligible as long as your work in the UK is \u2018genuine and effective\u2019. This means it must be more than small, one-off tasks, such as:

    ", + "
  • an interview
    • ", + "
  • taking part in a one-off competition or audition
    • ", + "
  • signing a contract
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure if your work is eligible, the Home Office has guidance on what counts as genuine and effective work.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been unable to work or unemployed in the UK during a 12 month period

    ", + "

    You might still be eligible if you\u2019ve been unemployed or not worked during this time because you were:

    ", + "
  • temporarily unable to work because of an illness or accident
    • ", + "
  • temporarily unable to work because you were pregnant or had given birth
    • ", + "
  • unable to come to the UK and work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)
    • ", + "
  • voluntarily unemployed and doing vocational training related to your last occupation
    • ", + "
  • involuntarily unemployed, and either looking for work in the UK or doing vocational training
    • ", + "

    This is known as having \u2018retained worker\u2019 or \u2018retained self-employed person\u2019 status.

    ", + "

    If you became involuntarily unemployed and are looking for work, you\u2019ll keep your status for:

    ", + "
  • 6 months if you worked in the UK for less than a year before becoming unemployed
    • ", + "
  • as long as you continue to look for work, if you worked in the UK for a year or more before becoming unemployed
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to be registered as a jobseeker with an employment office (such as Jobcentre Plus) and provide evidence that you\u2019re looking for work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need a valid passport or national identity card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told which documents you need to provide when you apply. Some depend on whether you\u2019re employed or self-employed, for example:

    ", + "
  • an employment contract, or contracts to work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • payslips, or copies of invoices for work carried out in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you have \u2018retained\u2019 status, you\u2019ll be asked for evidence for which criteria you meet. For example, a letter from a doctor if you have an illness, or copies of recent job applications if you\u2019re unemployed and seeking work.

    ", + "

    The Home Office has more examples of the types of evidence you will be asked for.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019ll prove your identity

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on what identity document you use and whether you can use the UK Immigration: ID check app.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration account)
    • ", + "
  • have your photograph and fingerprints taken at a visa application centre (if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK and cannot use the smartphone app)
    • ", + "
  • have your photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point (if you\u2019re applying from inside the UK and cannot use the smartphone app)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Apply online for your Frontier Worker permit.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK

    ", + "

    Apply online for your Frontier Worker permit.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    If you were a frontier worker on or before 31 December 2020, you can use your passport or national identity card to travel to the UK and work until 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application by following the same process as cancelling a visa or citizenship application.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a decision notice saying your application has been approved.

    ", + "

    If you applied using the \u2018UK Immigration: ID check\u2019 app, you\u2019ll be issued a digital version of your permit.

    ", + "

    If you do not use the smartphone app to apply, you\u2019ll either be sent:

    ", + "
  • a physical version of the permit (if you applied inside the UK)
    • ", + "
  • an email explaining how you can come to the UK and collect your permit (if you applied outside the UK)
    • ", + "

    Your permit will last for 5 years, or 2 years if you apply with \u2018retained\u2019 status.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re working in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay tax on your UK income.

    ", + "

    You can change jobs or move from being employed to self-employed in the UK without needing to tell the Home Office.

    ", + "

    You need to tell the Home Office if you stop working in the UK and do not meet one of the retained status criteria.

    ", + "

    Reporting a problem with your physical permit

    ", + "

    Your permit should arrive within 10 days of receiving the decision notice about your application. You should get an email with information about your permit being sent to you.

    ", + "

    If your permit does not arrive, you should first contact the delivery service.

    ", + "

    If you cannot resolve the issue with the delivery service, and it has been more than 10 days since you received your decision notice, you should contact the Home Office.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to tell the Home Office if:

    ", + "
  • you did not get an email from UKVI with your permit delivery information
    • ", + "
  • your permit has a mistake on it (for example your name, date of birth or gender is wrong)
    • ", + "
  • your permit gets lost, stolen or damaged
    • ", + "

    You can report your problem by phone. You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your full name, date of birth and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your Home Office reference number (this is in the email you got with your application decision)
    • ", + "
  • an email address or UK postal address
    • ", + "

    You can get someone to report for you, for example a legal representative or employer. The phone number is different if someone is reporting on your behalf.

    ", + "

    If your application is unsuccessful

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision notice explaining why it was refused. It will explain if you have the right to either an:

    ", + "
  • administrative review
    • ", + "
  • immigration decision appeal
    • ", + "

    Renewing your permit

    ", + "

    When you renew your permit, you\u2019ll need to show that you continued to meet the eligibility requirements over the period of time since you last applied.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not employed or self-employed at the point you apply to renew, or you\u2019re temporarily unable to work, you\u2019ll still be able to apply for a 2-year permit as someone with \u2018retained\u2019 status (as long as you meet the requirements).

    ", + "

    Apply to renew your permit.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "British National (Overseas) visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/british-national-overseas-bno-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from Hong Kong and are a British national (overseas) you and your family members can apply for a British National (Overseas) visa. This is known as a BNO visa. It allows you to live, work and study in the UK.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for a BNO visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a British national (overseas)
    • ", + "
  • 18 or older
    • ", + "

    Your permanent home must be:

    ", + "
  • in Hong Kong, if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Hong Kong if you\u2019re applying in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your family members

    ", + "

    Your family members can apply for a BNO visa if they\u2019re eligible. They must usually apply at the same time as you.

    ", + "

    Check if your family members can apply.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to stay for either:

    ", + "
  • 2 years and 6 months
    • ", + "
  • 5 years
    • ", + "

    You will be able to extend your visa if you want to stay longer. You can apply to extend your visa as many times as you want.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years, you can apply to live in the UK permanently.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work (except you cannot work as a professional sportsperson or sports coach)
    • ", + "
  • study (including at school, college or university)
    • ", + "

    You cannot usually apply for most benefits (public funds).

    ", + "

    Once you have a BNO visa, you might be able to apply for access to benefits. You\u2019ll be eligible for this in certain financial circumstances, for example if you:

    ", + "
  • do not have a place to live and cannot afford one
    • ", + "
  • have a place to live but cannot afford essential living costs like food or heating
    • ", + "
  • are at risk of losing your place to live or being unable to afford essential living costs
    • ", + "
  • have a very low income, and not having access to benefits would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing
    • ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    When you apply for a British National (Overseas) visa, you must:

    ", + "
  • pay the visa application fee
    • ", + "
  • pay the healthcare surcharge
    • ", + "
  • prove that you have enough money to support yourself and your family members for at least 6 months while you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "

    Visa application fee

    ", + "

    You and your family members will each need to pay a visa application fee.

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3180 if you\u2019re applying for 2 years and 6 months
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3250 if you\u2019re applying for 5 years
    • ", + "

    As part of your application, you might need to go to an appointment to give your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo). This will cost \u00a319.20.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You and your family members will each need to pay the healthcare surcharge.

    ", + "

    This is so you can use the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK. You\u2019ll still need to pay for some NHS care such as prescriptions, dental care and eye tests.

    ", + "

    For each adult (18 or older) it costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,560 if you\u2019re staying for 2 years and 6 months
    • ", + "
  • \u00a33,120 if you\u2019re staying for 5 years
    • ", + "

    For each child (under 18), it costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,175 if you\u2019re staying for 2 years and 6 months
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,350 if you\u2019re staying for 5 years
    • ", + "

    You pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online visa application.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself and your family

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show you have enough money to pay for your housing and to support yourself and your family for 6 months.

    ", + "

    This can include:

    ", + "
  • your income and savings as well as your family member\u2019s
    • ", + "
  • money you will earn in your current job in the UK
    • ", + "
  • money you will earn if you\u2019re transferring to a job in the UK with your current employer
    • ", + "
  • an offer of help from family or friends
    • ", + "

    You usually do not need to show you have enough money to support yourself if you\u2019ve been living in the UK for 12 months or more. You\u2019ll still need to show this if you\u2019ve been in the UK on a Youth Mobility Scheme visa.

    ", + "

    As well as money for housing costs, you\u2019ll need at least the same amount as someone would get on Income Support in the UK.

    ", + "

    How much you need depends on how many family members are applying with you. For example, you\u2019ll need about:

    ", + "
  • \u00a32,000 as a single adult
    • ", + "
  • \u00a33,100 as a couple with a child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a34,600 as a couple with 3 children
    • ", + "
  • \u00a39,200 as a couple with 2 parents and 2 adult children
    • ", + "

    Check what documents you need to show this.

    ", + "

    Your family members

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a British national (overseas), your family members can apply as your \u2018dependant\u2019 if they normally live with you.

    ", + "

    A dependant can include your:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • child or grandchild under 18
    • ", + "
  • child 18 or older, born on or after 1 July 1997 (and their partner or child under 18)
    • ", + "
  • parent, grandparent, brother, sister, son or daughter (18 or older) if they live with you and are very dependent on you for their care
    • ", + "

    When you apply, you and your family member will need to provide evidence of your relationship and that you normally live together.

    ", + "

    Partners

    ", + "

    Partners must be 18 or older to apply. They can be either:

    ", + "
  • your partner
    • ", + "
  • your adult child\u2019s partner
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to prove that they\u2019re either:

    ", + "
  • in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • in a relationship and have been living with their partner for at least 2 years when they apply
    • ", + "

    Children under 18

    ", + "

    All children under 18 need to apply with both parents, unless one parent or grandparent has sole responsibility for them.

    ", + "

    The child must normally live with you, unless they\u2019re living away from home to study.

    ", + "

    Children 18 or older

    ", + "

    You or your partner\u2019s child (18 or older) can apply as your dependant if they were born on or after 1 July 1997. They must apply at the same time as you.

    ", + "

    They must normally live with you, unless they\u2019re living away from home to study.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re not eligible for a BNO visa, they may be able to apply for another visa to come to the UK to work or study. Check what visa they need.

    ", + "

    Other family members who live with you

    ", + "

    Other adult family members (18 or older) can only apply if they are very dependent on you for their care. For example, they rely on your care to perform everyday tasks because of illness or disability.

    ", + "

    This includes your or your partner\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • parent or grandparent
    • ", + "
  • brother or sister
    • ", + "
  • son or daughter
    • ", + "

    If eligible, they can apply as an \u2018adult dependent relative\u2019. They must apply at the same time as you.

    ", + "

    How long family members can stay

    ", + "

    Your family member will need to apply for the same BNO visa as you, for either:

    ", + "
  • 2 years and 6 months
    • ", + "
  • 5 years
    • ", + "

    How to apply with your family

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to make their own application as your dependant.

    ", + "

    As a British national (overseas), you\u2019ll need to submit your application first to get an application number. This is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN).

    ", + "

    Your family members will need to use your application number when they apply, and submit it within 2 days of your application.

    ", + "

    If you have technical problems that mean your family members might not be able to apply within 2 days of you, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) for help.

    ", + "

    If your partner or child cannot apply within 2 days

    ", + "

    If your partner or child under 18 cannot apply within 2 days of you, they might still be able to apply later as your dependant. This will only be allowed in cases where they could not apply when you did, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you start a new relationship when you have a BNO visa
    • ", + "
  • your child was born after you got your BNO visa
    • ", + "
  • your partner cannot travel when you apply, for example because of medical needs
    • ", + "

    They may be asked to give evidence to show they could not apply within 2 days of your application. Your visa must still be valid when they apply to be your dependant.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Your family members can either:

    ", + "
  • apply from outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • apply in the UK
    • ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide a valid passport or other travel document that shows your identity and nationality.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a British national (overseas) (BNO), you can use a current or expired BNO passport (or a photocopy) to show your BNO status when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you no longer have a BNO passport you can still apply. The Home Office will check your status but it may take longer to get a decision on your application.

    ", + "

    You do not need a BNO passport to travel to the UK. You can use any valid passport or travel document.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide evidence:

    ", + "
  • that you have a permanent home in Hong Kong, the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man
    • ", + "
  • that you have enough money to support yourself and your family
    • ", + "
  • of your relationship with family members
    • ", + "
  • of your tuberculosis (TB) test certificate, if you did not already provide it when you arrived the UK
    • ", + "

    You must provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English.

    ", + "

    Proof of your permanent home address

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide up to 3 documents that show your permanent home address. This can include:

    ", + "
  • household or utility bills
    • ", + "
  • a visa, residence permit or other immigration document (or a colour photocopy)
    • ", + "
  • payslips or your most recent P60
    • ", + "
  • bank statements
    • ", + "
  • a letter from an employer confirming your employment
    • ", + "
  • records of rent or mortgage payments
    • ", + "
  • an appointment letter from your GP or other healthcare professional
    • ", + "
  • a letter from the local council or a government
    • ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) will need to provide evidence that their permanent home address is the same as yours.

    ", + "

    Proof you have enough money to support yourself and your family

    ", + "

    You usually need to show that you have enough money to support yourself and your family (dependants) for 6 months in the UK - unless you\u2019ve been living in the UK for at least 12 months.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK for 12 months or more on a Youth Mobility Scheme visa, you still need to show you have enough money to support yourself and your family.

    ", + "

    This includes proving you have the money to pay for accommodation or an offer of accommodation from friends or family.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying with family, evidence can include you and your family member\u2019s income or savings.

    ", + "

    You might need to provide evidence such as:

    ", + "
  • bank or savings account statements
    • ", + "
  • payslips
    • ", + "
  • proof of income from self-employment
    • ", + "
  • proof of income from rental property
    • ", + "
  • a letter from friends or family with evidence (such as bank statements or payslips) that they have the money to support you and your family
    • ", + "
  • a letter confirming an offer of accommodation from friends or family
    • ", + "
  • a tenancy or mortgage agreement
    • ", + "

    At least one piece of evidence must be dated no more than 31 days before you submit your application.

    ", + "

    An offer of work does not usually count as evidence unless you\u2019re transferring to a job in the UK with your current employer.

    ", + "

    Evidence of your relationship with family members

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying with family members from your household, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship with them.

    ", + "

    For example:

    ", + "
  • a copy of a marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "
  • a birth certificate or adoption certificate for children
    • ", + "
  • evidence that their permanent home address is the same as yours
    • ", + "

    When you need a TB test certificate

    ", + "

    Whether you need a certificate depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been living in Hong Kong or another country where you have to take a TB test for the past 6 months, you must provide a TB certificate.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already in the UK

    ", + "

    If you provided a TB certificate to come to the UK, you do not need to show one again.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, you\u2019ll need to provide a TB test certificate to stay in the UK if you came from Hong Kong or another country where you have to take the TB test.

    ", + "

    Getting a TB test certificate

    ", + "

    You might not be able to get a TB test appointment straight away. If you apply for your visa without a certificate, you might not get your certificate by the time your application is being considered.

    ", + "

    If you wait until you have your certificate before you apply for your visa, you can avoid the risk of your application being looked at before you get your certificate.

    ", + "

    The certificate must be no older than 6 months when you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    Your test certificate must be from an approved test centre abroad or an approved test centre in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a British National (Overseas) visa.

    ", + "

    Your permanent home must be in Hong Kong.

    ", + "

    Before you apply, you can check:

    ", + "
  • what documents you\u2019ll need to apply
    • ", + "
  • how to apply with your family
    • ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your BNO, HKSAR or EEA passport - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "
  • go to an appointment at a visa application centre to give your fingerprints and a photo - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply. If you\u2019re applying with a family member, your applications will be processed together even if you prove your identity in different ways.

    ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may have to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may need to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    If you use a valid BNO or Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) passport to prove your identity, you do not need to travel to the UK using the same passport.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can continue your application if you\u2019ve saved it. To do this, sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    UKVI aims to make a decision on your application within 12 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you applied using the \u2018UK Immigration: ID check\u2019 app, the 12 weeks starts from the date you submitted your online application.

    ", + "

    If you went to a visa application centre, the 12 weeks starts from the date you attended your appointment and submitted your fingerprints.

    ", + "

    Your application may take longer to process if:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified or you need to provide more evidence
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • you do not have a valid tuberculosis (TB) certificate
    • ", + "
  • you have a criminal conviction for an offence that is recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a family group, and one or more of your family members has to go to a visa application centre
    • ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    After you get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Find out what happens after you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful

    ", + "

    You must travel to the UK:

    ", + "
  • within 90 days, if you went to a visa application centre to prove your identity
    • ", + "
  • before your visa expires, if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 smartphone app to prove your identity
    • ", + "

    Children under 18 must travel with one or both parents, unless they\u2019re joining their parents who are already in the UK.

    ", + "

    If your application is unsuccessful

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a British national (overseas) and your application is unsuccessful, your family members\u2019 applications will also be refused. If your application is successful but your family member\u2019s is not, you can still come to the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a refund for the healthcare surcharge you paid for each unsuccessful application.

    ", + "

    Apply in the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a British National (Overseas) visa.

    ", + "

    Your permanent home must be in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Hong Kong.

    ", + "

    Before you apply, you can check:

    ", + "
  • what documents you\u2019ll need to apply
    • ", + "
  • how to apply with your family
    • ", + "

    Switch to a BNO visa

    ", + "

    If you meet the eligibility requirements, you can apply to switch to a BNO visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different UK visa.

    ", + "

    Your family members will usually need to apply at the same time as you. Check how to apply with your family.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your BNO, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) or EEA passport - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "
  • go to a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to give your fingerprints and a photo - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply. If you\u2019re applying with a family member, your applications will be processed together even if you prove your identity in different ways.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue an application

    ", + "

    You can continue your application if you\u2019ve saved it. To do this, you can sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying for a visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    UKVI aims to make a decision on your application within 12 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you applied using the \u2018UK Immigration: ID check\u2019 app, the 12 weeks starts from the date you submitted your online application.

    ", + "

    If you went to a UKVCAS service point, the 12 weeks starts from the date you attended your appointment and submitted your fingerprints.

    ", + "

    Your application may take longer to process if:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified or you need to provide more evidence
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • you do not have a valid tuberculosis (TB) certificate
    • ", + "
  • you have a criminal conviction for an offence that is recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a family group, and one or more of your family members has to go to a visa application centre
    • ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision about your application.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man until you get a decision.

    ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    After you get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Find out what happens after you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If your application is unsuccessful

    ", + "

    If your application is unsuccessful, your family members\u2019 applications will also be refused.

    ", + "

    You may be able to stay in the UK for up to 12 months if you were not able to prove that you:

    ", + "
  • have enough money to support yourself and your family in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have a permanent home in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Hong Kong
    • ", + "

    When you get your decision letter, it will say if you\u2019re allowed to do this. You\u2019ll be able to apply for a BNO visa again.

    ", + "

    If you stay in the UK for up to 12 months, you\u2019ll get a refund for some of the healthcare surcharge you paid.

    ", + "

    As an adult (18 or older), you\u2019ll get a refund of:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3936 if you applied for 2 years and 6 months
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,496 if you applied for 5 years
    • ", + "

    As a child under 18 you\u2019ll get a refund of:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3705 if you applied for 2 years and 6 months
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,880 if you applied for 5 years
    • ", + "

    If you leave the UK, you\u2019ll get a full refund for the healthcare surcharge you paid.

    ", + "

    Living permanently in the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years, you may be able to apply to stay permanently.

    ", + "

    Applying to settle in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years on a BNO visa. This means you can stay in the UK without any time limits.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already spent time in the UK on one of the following visas this will count towards the 5 years:

    ", + "
  • Global Talent visa (or a Tier 1 Exceptional Talent visa)
    • ", + "
  • Investor visa
    • ", + "
  • Entrepreneur visa
    • ", + "
  • Skilled Worker visa (or a Tier 2 General work visa)
    • ", + "
  • Minister of Religion visa
    • ", + "
  • Sportsperson visa
    • ", + "
  • Representative of an Overseas Business visa
    • ", + "
  • UK Ancestry visa
    • ", + "

    Time spent on a Student visa (previously called a Tier 4 (General) student visa) or a Youth Mobility Scheme visa will not count.

    ", + "

    To apply, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • meet the knowledge of English requirements
    • ", + "
  • pass the Life in the UK Test
    • ", + "
  • have spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months in the last 5 years
    • ", + "
  • pay an application fee
    • ", + "

    Children under 18 applying to settle

    ", + "

    If your child applies as a dependent on your BNO visa, they can also apply to settle in the UK with you.

    ", + "

    You can only apply once you, your child and your child\u2019s other parent (unless you have sole responsibility) have all been here for 5 years. If you arrived in the UK at different times, those who arrived earlier will have to extend their visa until the last person to arrive has been here for 5 years.

    ", + "

    Becoming a British citizen

    ", + "

    One year after you settle in the UK (have \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019), you\u2019ll usually be able to apply for British citizenship.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Overseas Domestic Worker visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-domestic-worker-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa to visit the UK with your employer if you:

    ", + "
  • live outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • are a domestic worker in a private household
    • ", + "
  • have worked for your employer for at least one year
    • ", + "
  • meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    Domestic workers include:

    ", + "
  • cleaners
    • ", + "
  • chauffeurs
    • ", + "
  • cooks
    • ", + "
  • those providing personal care for the employer and their family
    • ", + "
  • nannies
    • ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you started living in the UK on or before 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    From 1 January 2021, you\u2019ll need to apply for an Overseas Domestic Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa up to 3 months before your date of travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3516 for an Overseas Domestic Worker visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can use this visa to visit the UK with your employer for up to 6 months. You must return home at the end of the 6 months.

    ", + "

    You cannot extend an Overseas Domestic Worker visa.

    ", + "

    You may be able to extend a Domestic Worker in a Private Household visa if you applied on or before 5 April 2012.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK to complete your stay
    • ", + "
  • change employers to another job as a domestic worker in a private household - only if you do not stay longer than the 6 months
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • work except as a domestic worker in a private household
    • ", + "
  • live in the UK for long periods of time through frequent visits
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must prove that you:

    ", + "
  • are 19 or older
    • ", + "
  • have worked for your employer for at least 1 year
    • ", + "
  • work in the same household as your employer or one they use regularly
    • ", + "
  • plan to travel to the UK with your employer, their partner or children
    • ", + "
  • intend to work as a full-time domestic worker in a UK household your employer will live in
    • ", + "
  • plan to leave the UK at the end of 6 months
    • ", + "
  • are able to support yourself in the UK without the need for public funds
    • ", + "

    Your employer

    ", + "

    Your employer must be either a:

    ", + "
  • British citizen who usually lives outside the UK and who does not intend to remain in the UK for more than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • foreign citizen who is coming to the UK on a visit and who does not intend to remain for more than 6 months
    • ", + "

    Your employer must also pay you at least the national minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel identification
    • ", + "
  • proof you can support yourself during your trip, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • a completed \u2018Appendix domestic worker statement\u2019 signed by both you and your employer
    • ", + "
  • a letter from your employer confirming your job title, how long you\u2019ve worked for them and that you\u2019re a permanent employee
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.

    ", + "

    You must also provide 1 of the following documents covering the same period of employment:

    ", + "
  • pay slips or bank statements showing payment of salary
    • ", + "
  • confirmation of tax paid
    • ", + "
  • confirmation of health insurance paid
    • ", + "
  • contract of employment
    • ", + "
  • work visa, residence permit or equivalent passport endorsement for the country where you\u2019re currently employed by your employer
    • ", + "
  • visas or equivalent passport endorsement if you\u2019ve travelled with your employer before
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Domestic workers who applied before 5 April 2012

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you applied for a Domestic Worker in a Private Household visa on or before 5 April 2012.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • extend your stay in the UK every 12 months
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK after 5 years
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children under 18
    • ", + "
  • change employer while your visa is valid
    • ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa for 12 months at a time.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve worked in the UK as a domestic worker for 5 years you can apply to settle permanently in the UK.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current permission to stay expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To extend your visa you must:

    ", + "
  • be a domestic worker in a private household
    • ", + "
  • have applied for your domestic worker visa on or before 5 April 2012
    • ", + "
  • have continued to live in the UK
    • ", + "
  • apply while you\u2019re still in the UK
    • ", + "

    To settle in the UK as a domestic worker you must:

    ", + "
  • have applied for your domestic worker visa on or before 5 April 2012
    • ", + "
  • have been living here legally for at least 5 years
    • ", + "
  • currently have permission to stay here as a domestic worker
    • ", + "
  • have been in the UK as a full-time domestic worker continuously throughout the 5 years (you cannot have been outside the UK for more than 180 days in any 12 consecutive months)
    • ", + "
  • have maintained and accommodated yourself and any dependants without the use of public funds throughout the 5 years
    • ", + "
  • have sufficient knowledge of English and life in the UK
    • ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    To extend your visa you must provide both of the following:

    ", + "
  • a letter from your employer confirming that they want to continue to employ you
    • ", + "
  • a completed \u2018Appendix domestic worker statement\u2019 signed by both you and your employer
    • ", + "

    To settle in the UK you must provide:

    ", + "
  • a letter from your employer confirming that they want to continue to employ you
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you can satisfy the knowledge of English and life in the UK criteria
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve had any absences because of serious illness, births or deaths in your family, or had to leave the UK, you also need to write a letter detailing these. You should also include any related supporting documents with your letter, for example medical certificates, birth/death certificates, information about why you had to leave the UK.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    You can include your dependants (partner and children aged under 18) on your application.

    ", + "

    If you have any dependant children aged over 18 they will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    How to apply to settle

    ", + "

    You must apply online to settle.

    ", + "

    You can include your dependants (partner and children aged under 18) on your application. Your partner must be able to demonstrate their knowledge of English and life in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you have any dependant children aged over 18 they will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    For each person applying it costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,033 to apply to extend your visa
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,389 to apply to settle
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 to use the super priority service.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Get help using a computer to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with:

    ", + "
  • accessing a computer or the internet
    • ", + "
  • finding the right information on GOV.UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot get advice on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re eligible to apply
    • ", + "
  • what information to put in your application
    • ", + "
  • an application you\u2019ve already made
    • ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    If you want to settle in the UK, you\u2019ll need to prove that you can satisfy the English language requirement.

    ", + "

    You can only settle as a domestic worker in a private household if you applied for entry on or before 5 April 2012.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by either:

    ", + "
  • passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level B1 in reading, writing, speaking and listening
    • ", + "
  • having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) as being equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    You may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    You also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the full visa guidance.

    ", + "

    Your employment rights

    ", + "

    When you work in the UK your employer must:

    ", + "
  • pay you an agreed rate, which must be at least the national minimum wage
    • ", + "
  • not force you to work excessive hours
    • ", + "
  • give you agreed holiday pay
    • ", + "
  • give you the notice you\u2019re entitled to if your employment ends
    • ", + "

    You should already have agreed your employment conditions with your employer and have a copy of these in writing. Your employer cannot change your employment conditions unless you agree.

    ", + "

    If your employer does not meet these requirements, you can take legal action through an employment or industrial tribunal or the civil courts.

    ", + "

    Get advice and support

    ", + "

    You can get free and confidential advice from the Acas helpline.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the charity Kalayaan for free, confidential and independent advice as a domestic worker in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you want to return home

    ", + "

    Contact your country\u2019s Embassy or High Commission in the UK if you want to return home.

    ", + "

    You can also get confidential advice from a registered immigration adviser. Use the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC) Adviser Finder to find a registered adviser near you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking

    ", + "

    Modern slavery and human trafficking involve being forced to do something you do not want to do, usually by being hurt or threatened.

    ", + "

    You may be forced to work for free or less than the minimum wage, get married or move to a country against your will.

    ", + "

    You can apply to stay in the UK for up to 2 years, if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you entered the UK on a Overseas Domestic Worker visa, on a Domestic Worker in a Private Household visa, or as a private servant of a diplomat (known as a T5 International Agreement visa)
    • ", + "
  • you have a \u2018conclusive grounds\u2019 letter from the Single Competent Authority (SCA) confirming that you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking
    • ", + "

    How to get a conclusive grounds letter

    ", + "

    If you think you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking you need to contact the police or another first responder organisation. They can help refer your case to the SCA.

    ", + "

    Read the \u2018First responder organisations\u2019 section of the guidance on referrals to find out which organisations can refer your case.

    ", + "

    The SCA will decide if you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking. They will send you a conclusive grounds letter confirming their decision.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply within 28 days of getting confirmation you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking.

    ", + "

    You must apply online to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply.

    ", + "

    Get help using a computer to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with:

    ", + "
  • accessing a computer or the internet
    • ", + "
  • finding the right information on GOV.UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot get advice on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re eligible to apply
    • ", + "
  • what information to put in your application
    • ", + "
  • an application you\u2019ve already made
    • ", + "

    Applying for a different visa

    ", + "

    If you apply for a different type of visa within 28 days of getting confirmation but are refused, you can still apply as a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking.

    ", + "

    You must do this within 28 days of getting the refusal.

    ", + "

    Working in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to work as a domestic worker for up to 2 years.

    ", + "

    You do not need to have a job offer before you apply. You can change job while you\u2019re in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Representative of an Overseas Business visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/representative-overseas-business", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply as a representative of an overseas business if you\u2019re either:

    ", + "
  • the sole representative of an overseas business planning to set up either a UK branch or wholly owned subsidiary
    • ", + "
  • an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation posted on a long-term assignment to the UK
    • ", + "

    You must also meet the other eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    If you apply from outside the UK, the earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    If you apply from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You will get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    UKVI will contact you if your application will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances (for example, if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expires.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    If you apply from outside the UK, a Representative of an Overseas Business visa costs \u00a3610.

    ", + "

    If you apply from inside the UK, you\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3704 for the visa
    • ", + "
  • \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken
    • ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You must pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you need to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    The visa lets you stay in the UK for an initial period of 3 years.

    ", + "

    You may be able to extend your visa for another 2 years.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve been in the UK for 5 years, you can apply for permission to settle permanently in the UK.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work for your employer, full time
    • ", + "
  • bring your family (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you to the UK
    • ", + "
  • apply to extend your visa
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle in the UK after you\u2019ve been here for 5 years
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • work for yourself or any other business
    • ", + "
  • stay in the UK if the sole representative arrangement is ended by your employer
    • ", + "
  • switch to this visa from any other visa category
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible for this visa you must:

    ", + "
  • have enough money to support yourself without help from public funds
    • ", + "
  • meet the English requirement
    • ", + "

    Sole representatives

    ", + "

    To apply as a sole representative you must:

    ", + "
  • be recruited and employed outside the UK by an active and trading business (whose headquarters and principal place of business are, and will remain, outside the UK)
    • ", + "
  • have the skills, experience and knowledge to do the role
    • ", + "
  • hold a senior position within the business (but do not own or control the majority of it) and have full authority to make decisions on its behalf
    • ", + "
  • intend to establish the overseas business\u2019s first commercial presence in the UK, either as a registered branch or a wholly owned subsidiary
    • ", + "

    You may also be eligible if the business has a legal entity in the UK that does not employ staff or do any business.

    ", + "

    If your employer has been working to establish a UK branch or subsidiary, but it is not yet set up, you can replace a previous sole representative.

    ", + "

    Newspaper, news agency or broadcast employees

    ", + "

    As an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation, you can come to the UK if you\u2019re being posted here on a long-term assignment.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by either:

    ", + "
  • passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level A1 in speaking and listening
    • ", + "
  • having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by UK NARIC as being equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    You may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    You also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the visa guidance.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel identification
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you can support yourself and any dependants during your trip, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • proof that you meet the English requirement
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from overseas, you\u2019ll also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • details of where you\u2019ll be staying during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from overseas, you\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.

    ", + "

    All applicants need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Read the guide for a list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Sole representatives

    ", + "

    When applying as a sole representative of an overseas business you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a full description of the business\u2019s activities, including details of assets and accounts
    • ", + "
  • a letter confirming the overseas business will set up a wholly owned subsidiary or register a branch in the UK in the same business activity as it runs overseas
    • ", + "
  • your job description, employment contract and salary details
    • ", + "
  • a letter confirming you\u2019re familiar with the business and have the power to take operational decisions
    • ", + "

    You should also provide evidence that you:

    ", + "
  • are directly employed by the business and are not acting as a sales agent (for example, hired by a business to sell or distribute their products within the UK, but working for yourself and providing your services for a fee)
    • ", + "
  • were recruited to the business outside of the UK
    • ", + "
  • hold a senior position in the business, with the authority to make decisions on its behalf and set up and run a registered branch or wholly owned subsidiary
    • ", + "
  • will be working full time for the business or subsidiary for the duration of your stay and will not carry out any other work
    • ", + "
  • do not own or control a majority of the overseas business
    • ", + "

    Newspaper, news agency or broadcast employees

    ", + "

    As an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation you must also provide:

    ", + "
  • a full description of the parent company\u2019s activities, including details of assets and accounts
    • ", + "
  • confirmation that you will be representing them in the UK in a long term, full-time role
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the Representative of an Overseas Business guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Representative of an Overseas Business visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply inside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay in the UK under a Representative of an Overseas Business visa.

    ", + "

    You should include any dependants who are on your current visa on your application to extend - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must already have this visa as either:

    ", + "
  • a representative of an overseas business
    • ", + "
  • an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation
    • ", + "

    You must also meet the following conditions:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re still working for the same employer as when you were issued your previous visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve established, and are supervising, a UK branch or subsidiary of the overseas business
    • ", + "
  • your employer\u2019s principal place of business is still outside the UK
    • ", + "

    You must be in the UK to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    A Representative of an Overseas Business visa can be extended for up to 2 years after the original visa duration of 3 years.

    ", + "

    Your visa can be extended for 3 years if your previous Representative of an Overseas Business visa was issued before 1 October 2009.

    ", + "

    You can apply to settle once you have been in the UK for 5 years and you have an ongoing job with the same company.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    For each person applying, you\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3704 to extend this visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "
  • \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken
    • ", + "

    How to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can come with you when you come to the UK on this visa.

    ", + "

    A \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife or partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18
    • ", + "

    Your husband, wife or partner cannot come to the UK as your dependant if they own or control a majority of the overseas business you will be representing.

    ", + "

    Dependants applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your family members must apply online.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.

    ", + "

    They may be able to get their visa faster or other services depending on what country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Dependants applying from inside the UK

    ", + "

    Your dependants can apply to extend or switch their visas to stay with you if they\u2019re already in the UK. They must apply online.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s best to submit your dependants\u2019 applications at the same time as yours.

    ", + "

    Members of your family cannot apply in the UK as your dependant if they hold a visitor visa.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    Your family can get help with completing the online form if they:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    Your family can only use this service if they\u2019re applying to extend or switch to your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Children born while you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, you can apply online to add them to your visa as your dependant.

    ", + "

    You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    Using a solicitor or an agent

    ", + "

    You can use a solicitor or other agent to help with your application or extension.

    ", + "

    They must be registered with the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC), unless they are exempt.

    ", + "

    Application decisions will be sent to your representative, provided they are registered or permitted to give immigration advice.

    ", + "

    Exemptions from OISC registration

    ", + "

    An adviser who is a member of one of the following professional bodies (or working under their supervision) does not need to be registered with the OISC:

    ", + "
  • Law Society
    • ", + "
  • Law Society in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Law Society in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Institute of Legal Executives
    • ", + "
  • Faculty of Advocates
    • ", + "
  • General Council of the Bar
    • ", + "
  • General Council of the Bar of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Members of the following UK bodies (or advisers working under their supervision) are also exempt:

    ", + "
  • state education institutions and their student unions
    • ", + "
  • health sector bodies
    • ", + "
  • employers giving immigration advice to their employees or prospective employees only
    • ", + "

    Advisers from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You can use an adviser who is not in the UK. They do not need to be registered with the OISC.

    ", + "

    Passports or other travel documents cannot be sent or returned to advisers outside the UK.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Turkish Businessperson visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-business-person", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Turkish Businessperson visa if you already have permission to stay in the UK as a Turkish Businessperson.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • continue running your business in the UK, and start another one
    • ", + "
  • continue to help run an established business in the UK
    • ", + "

    You must meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    New applications for the Turkish Businessperson visa have closed. Only children under 21 (\u2018child dependants\u2019) can apply to join you in the UK on this visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can only extend your visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\nYou\u2019ll need to meet the eligibility requirements to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa for up to 3 years.

    ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply to extend your visa online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019) can apply separately to extend their dependant visas, if they already have them.

    ", + "

    If your children or your partner\u2019s children want to join you from outside the UK, they\u2019ll need to apply as your dependants.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa extension within 6 months.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    With a Turkish Businessperson visa extension you can:

    ", + "
  • keep running your business in the UK, and start another one
    • ", + "
  • keep being a partner in an existing business which you\u2019ll have an active part in running
    • ", + "
  • apply to extend your stay if you meet the eligibility requirements
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • do voluntary work
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • change jobs or employer
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Turkish Businessperson visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible to apply for an extension of your Turkish Businessperson visa you need to:

    ", + "
  • have a valid Turkish Businessperson visa
    • ", + "
  • show you have not broken any immigration laws
    • ", + "
  • keep running a viable business
    • ", + "
  • keep being able to pay your share of the costs of running the business
    • ", + "
  • show that your share of the profits continue to be enough to support you and your family without your needing to have another job
    • ", + "

    If you are part of an existing partnership or company you\u2019ll need to show that you still have an active part in running the business.

    ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply to extend your visa you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • proof that you can support and house yourself and your dependants during your stay, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • proof of your living costs, such as a tenancy agreement, mortgage agreement, utility bills, council tax statement, bank statements, documents relating to transfer of money to relatives abroad
    • ", + "
  • proof of state benefits you\u2019ve received in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit showing your Turkish Businessperson visa
    • ", + "
  • your police registration certificate
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to get a police certificate for yourself and your family in the UK if you or they don\u2019t already have one.

    ", + "

    Proof for your business

    ", + "

    You should provide proof that you\u2019re currently running your business

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re continuing to run a business or partnership

    ", + "

    You may need to provide proof such as:

    ", + "
  • insurance documents
    • ", + "
  • business accounts prepared by a chartered accountant or approved by an auditor
    • ", + "
  • HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) documents (including evidence of payment)
    • ", + "
  • qualifications for running the business, such as relevant formal qualifications or evidence of previous relevant experience
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your finances and your investment in the business, such as UK or overseas bank statements, overseas money transfers, and bank loans
    • ", + "
  • evidence of any financial assistance from a third party (for example family member), such as bank statements or other financial documents as evidence of their finances, and a legal or other document confirming their involvement in and share of the business
    • ", + "
  • a document setting out the terms of your involvement in the business
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re establishing another business or partnership

    ", + "

    You may need to provide proof such as:

    ", + "
  • a business plan
    • ", + "
  • evidence you are investing money of your own into the new business
    • ", + "
  • documents for your business premises
    • ", + "
  • partnership agreements
    • ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can usually apply to extend a Turkish Businessperson visa if you\u2019re in the UK and all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • your business is still going
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still able to pay your share of the costs of running the business (its liabilities)
    • ", + "
  • your share of the profits will be enough to support you and your dependants without you needing to have another job
    • ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately, including children who have turned 21 during your stay.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your Turkish Businessperson visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to extend their permission to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. To do this, they must have a valid dependant visa.

    ", + "

    Your children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Worker visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.

    ", + "

    If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 21 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 21 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    Your child

    ", + "

    Your child must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    For each family member in the UK applying to extend you must have:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit (BRP) showing their current dependant visa
    • ", + "
  • proof that you have sole responsibility for any dependants aged under 21 if the other parent will not be in the UK, for example written permission or relevant legal documents
    • ", + "
  • proof that you can support and house yourself and your dependants during your stay, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months
    • ", + "

    If your dependant is in the UK and was asked to register with the police when they arrived, you must also provide their police registration certificate.

    ", + "

    Applying inside the UK (extend)

    ", + "

    Your partner or children who are already in the UK can apply to extend their visa.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • include your dependants on your visa extension application
    • ", + "
  • ask your dependant to apply separately
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    If the dependant is your partner, they must apply online as a partner.

    ", + "

    You need to apply online for your child.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Businessperson visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already in the UK and want your child to join you, they must apply online for a dependant visa.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Turkish Worker visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Turkish Worker visa if you already have permission to stay in the UK as a Turkish Worker.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can only extend your visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to meet the eligibility requirements to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    The length of time you can apply to extend your stay for and what job you can do depends on how long you\u2019ve legally worked in the UK.

    ", + "How long you\u2019ve worked in the UK | Length of permission to be in the UK | What you can do", + "3 to 4 years | Up to 1 year | Change employer, but in the same occupation", + "4+ years | Up to 3 years | Work in any occupation for any employer", + "

    You must apply from within the UK before your current permission to stay expires.

    ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle in the UK permanently (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply to extend your visa online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019) can apply separately to extend their dependant visas, if they already have them.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    You may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa extension within 6 months.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    With a Turkish Worker visa extension you can:

    ", + "
  • include your family (\u2018dependants\u2019) on this extension if they\u2019re already in the UK and have a dependant visa
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • do voluntary work
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Turkish Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible to apply for an extension of your Turkish Worker visa you need to:

    ", + "
  • have a valid Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • show you have not broken any immigration laws
    • ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply to extend your visa you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit showing your Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • proof of all your employment during your current stay in the UK, including payslips and bank statements for the whole period you\u2019ve worked here
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an au pair, you can provide a letter from your host family if you do not have payslips and bank statements.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to get a police certificate for yourself and your family in the UK if you or they don\u2019t already have one.

    ", + "

    Your job

    ", + "

    You should also provide evidence that shows you have been legally employed in the UK with the same employer for at least 3 years, and you\u2019re planning to:

    ", + "
  • carry on doing the same type of job, if you\u2019ve been legally employed for between 3 and 4 years
    • ", + "
  • work for any employer doing any job, if you\u2019ve been legally employed for 4 years or longer
    • ", + "

    Evidence can include things like a letter from your current or prospective employer, or a current job application letter.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can usually apply to extend a Turkish Worker visa if you\u2019re in the UK and all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you have a valid Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • you can show you have not broken any immigration laws
    • ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately, including children who have turned 21 during your stay.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your Turkish Worker visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to extend their permission to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. To do this, they must have a valid dependant visa.

    ", + "

    Your children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Worker visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.

    ", + "

    If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 21 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 21 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    Your child

    ", + "

    Your child must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    For each dependant in the UK applying to extend you must have:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit (BRP) showing their current dependant visa
    • ", + "
  • bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months showing you can support them
    • ", + "
  • a police registration certificate if your dependants were asked to register with the police when they came to the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re the only parent of any dependants aged under 18 in the UK, you must provide legal documents or written permission from their other parent showing you legally have sole responsibility.

    ", + "

    Applying inside the UK (extend)

    ", + "

    Your partner or children who are already in the UK can apply to extend their visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner or child will need to apply separately (including children who have turned 21 during your stay).

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    If the dependant is your partner, they must apply online as a partner.

    ", + "

    You need to apply online for your child.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Worker visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already in the UK and want your child to join you, they must apply online for a dependant visa.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your children (or your partner\u2019s children), will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 12 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "UK visa sponsorship for employers", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-visa-sponsorship-employers", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need a sponsor licence to employ someone to work for you from outside the UK. This includes citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland who arrived in the UK after 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    This includes unpaid work, like running a charity.

    ", + "

    You will not need a licence to sponsor certain groups, for example:

    ", + "
  • Irish citizens
    • ", + "
  • those with settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • those with indefinite leave to remain in the UK
    • ", + "

    Read more about who does not need sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Sponsoring someone does not guarantee that they\u2019ll be allowed to come to or stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    How to get a sponsor licence

    ", + "
  • Check your business is eligible.
    • ", + "
  • Choose the type of licence you want to apply for - this will depend on what type of worker you want to sponsor.
    • ", + "
  • Decide who will manage sponsorship within your business.
    • ", + "
  • Apply online and pay the fee.
    • ", + "

    UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) may visit your business to check it\u2019s suitable.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a licence rating if your application is successful.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to issue certificates of sponsorship if you have jobs that are suitable for sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your licence will be valid for 4 years. You may lose your licence if you do not meet your responsibilities as a sponsor.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To get a licence, you cannot have:

    ", + "
  • unspent criminal convictions for immigration offences or certain other crimes, such as fraud or money laundering
    • ", + "
  • had a sponsor licence revoked in the last 12 months
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need appropriate systems in place to monitor sponsored employees.

    ", + "

    UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) will review your application form and supporting documents. They may visit your business to make sure you\u2019re trustworthy and capable of carrying out your duties.

    ", + "

    Types of licence

    ", + "

    The licence you need depends on whether the workers you want to fill your jobs are:

    ", + "
  • \u2018Workers\u2019 - for those with long-term job offers
    • ", + "
  • \u2018Temporary workers\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can apply for a licence covering one or both types of worker.

    ", + "

    Worker licence

    ", + "

    A \u2018Worker\u2019 licence will let you employ people long-term or permanently. It\u2019s split into:

    ", + "
  • Skilled Worker - the role must meet the job suitability requirements
    • ", + "
  • Intra-company visas - this includes Intra-company Transfer and Intra-company Graduate Trainee, for multinational companies which need to transfer established employees or graduate trainees to the UK
    • ", + "
  • Minister of Religion - for people coming to work for a religious organisation
    • ", + "
  • Sportsperson - for elite sportspeople and coaches who will be based in the UK
    • ", + "

    Temporary Worker licence

    ", + "

    A \u2018Temporary Worker\u2019 licence will let you employ people on a temporary basis. It\u2019s split into:

    ", + "
  • Creative or Sporting Worker - to work as a high-level sportsperson (up to 1 year), entertainer or artist (up to 2 years)
    • ", + "
  • Charity Worker - for unpaid workers at a charity (up to 1 year)
    • ", + "
  • Religious Worker - for those working in a religious order or organisation (2 years)
    • ", + "
  • Government Authorised Exchange Worker - work experience (1 year), research projects or training, for example practical medical or scientific training (2 years) to enable a short-term exchange of knowledge
    • ", + "
  • International Agreement Worker - where the worker is coming to do a job which is covered by international law, for example employees of overseas governments
    • ", + "
  • Seasonal Worker - for those coming to the UK for up to 6 months to do farm work
    • ", + "

    Sponsorship management roles

    ", + "

    You need to appoint people within your business to manage the sponsorship process when you apply for a licence.

    ", + "

    The main tool they\u2019ll use is the sponsorship management system (SMS).

    ", + "

    The roles are:

    ", + "
  • authorising officer \u2013 a senior and competent person responsible for the actions of staff and representatives who use the SMS
    • ", + "
  • key contact \u2013 your main point of contact with UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI)
    • ", + "
  • level 1 user \u2013 responsible for all day-to-day management of your licence using the SMS
    • ", + "

    These roles can be filled by the same person or different people.

    ", + "

    You can also appoint an optional level 2 user once you have your licence. This is an SMS user with more restricted access than a level 1 user, for example they cannot withdraw a certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Suitability checks

    ", + "

    You and your staff will be checked to make sure you\u2019re suitable for these roles. You may not get your licence if anyone involved in sponsorship has:

    ", + "
  • an unspent criminal conviction
    • ", + "
  • been fined by UKVI in the past 12 months
    • ", + "
  • been reported to UKVI
    • ", + "
  • broken the law
    • ", + "
  • been a \u2018key person\u2019 at a sponsor that had its licence revoked in the last 12 months
    • ", + "
  • failed to pay VAT or other excise duty
    • ", + "

    You and your allocated staff must also:

    ", + "
  • be based in the UK most of the time
    • ", + "
  • not be a contractor or consultant contracted for a specific project
    • ", + "
  • not be subject to a bankruptcy restriction order or undertaking, or a debt relief restriction order or undertaking
    • ", + "
  • not have a history of non-compliance with sponsor requirements
    • ", + "

    Your allocated staff must usually be paid members of staff, or office holders.

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance on appointing \u2018key personnel\u2019.

    ", + "

    HR contractors and agency staff

    ", + "

    You must have at least one level 1 user who is your employee. You can have other level 1 or level 2 users employed by third-party organisations contracted to provide you with HR services. Your level 2 user can be a temporary member of staff supplied by an agency.

    ", + "

    UK-based legal representatives

    ", + "

    You can allocate any of the roles to a UK-based legal representative, apart from the authorising officer role. Your representative must be qualified to give immigration advice or services.

    ", + "

    Apply for your licence

    ", + "

    You need to apply online for your licence.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve finished the online application, you need to send in:

    ", + "
  • the submission sheet at the end of the application
    • ", + "
  • your supporting documents
    • ", + "

    Any affidavits or statutory declarations you send must be witnessed by a qualified, independent person - for example, a solicitor, Notary Public, Justice of the Peace, Commissioner for Oaths, or (in Scotland only) a Councillor.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    How to send the documents

    ", + "

    You can scan or take pictures of your submission sheet and supporting documents and send them to the email address given on the submission sheet. Make sure your files:

    ", + "
  • are in PDF, JPEG or PNG format
    • ", + "
  • have descriptive titles, with 25 or fewer characters
    • ", + "
  • are high enough quality to be read
    • ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh, they must be accompanied by a certified translation - there\u2019s more information in part 1 of the guidance for sponsors.

    ", + "

    If you cannot scan and send the documents by email, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) using the contact details on the submission sheet.

    ", + "

    Licence fees

    ", + "

    You need to pay a fee when you apply. The fee depends on the type of licence you\u2019re applying for and what type of organisation you are.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re usually a small sponsor if two of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your annual turnover is \u00a310.2 million or less
    • ", + "
  • your total assets are worth \u00a35.1 million or less
    • ", + "
  • you have 50 employees or fewer
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re a charitable sponsor if you\u2019re either:

    ", + "
  • a registered, excepted or exempt charity
    • ", + "
  • an ecclesiastical corporation established for charitable purposes
    • ", + "

    Contact the Business Helpdesk if you\u2019re unsure which category your business fits into.

    ", + "Type of licence | Fee for small or charitable sponsors | Fee for medium or large sponsors", + "Worker | \u00a3536 | \u00a31,476", + "Temporary Worker | \u00a3536 | \u00a3536", + "Worker and Temporary Worker | \u00a3536 | \u00a3 1,476", + "Add a Worker licence to an existing Temporary Worker licence | No fee | \u00a3940", + "Add a Temporary Worker licence to an existing Worker licence | No fee | No fee", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Most applications (8 out of 10) are dealt with in less than 8 weeks. UKVI may need to visit your business.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay \u00a3500 to get a decision within 10 working days. You\u2019ll be told if you can after you apply.

    ", + "

    Applications refused because of a mistake

    ", + "

    You can apply to request a review of your application if you think it was refused because:

    ", + "
  • the caseworker processing your application made a mistake
    • ", + "
  • your supporting documents were not considered
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply just because you disagree with the decision.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Sponsors can get advice from the sponsorship, employer and education helpline:

    ", + "

    You can also join the premium customer service scheme to get extra support from a licence manager - this costs at least \u00a38,000 a year.

    ", + "

    UK businesses and Tier 1 (Investors) can get help from the Business Helpdesk:

    ", + "

    Your licence rating

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an A-rated licence if your application is approved.

    ", + "

    A-rating - full sponsor licence

    ", + "

    An A-rated licence lets you start assigning certificates of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your business will be listed in the register of sponsors.

    ", + "

    Downgrading to B-rating

    ", + "

    Your A-rated licence may be downgraded to a B-rating at a later stage if you do not continue to meet your sponsor duties.

    ", + "

    If this happens, you will not be able to issue new certificates of sponsorship until you\u2019ve made improvements and upgraded back to an A-rating.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be able to issue certificates to workers you already employ who want to extend their permission to stay.

    ", + "

    Upgrade to an A-rating

    ", + "

    You need to follow an \u2018action plan\u2019 provided by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) to upgrade your licence.

    ", + "

    You have to pay \u00a31,476 for an action plan.

    ", + "

    You must pay the fee within 10 working days of the date UKVI tells you about the downgrade. If you do not, you\u2019ll lose your licence.

    ", + "

    At the end of the action plan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be upgraded to an A-rating if you complete all the steps and there\u2019s nothing else you need to improve.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll lose your licence if you do not complete all the steps.

    ", + "

    If you need to make other improvements, you\u2019ll be given another B-rating and will have to follow a new action plan. You\u2019ll have to pay the fee again.

    ", + "

    If you get a second B-rating

    ", + "

    You can only have 2 B-ratings in the 4 years that your licence is valid.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll lose your licence if you still need to make improvements after your second action plan.

    ", + "

    How to reapply

    ", + "

    You cannot appeal if your licence is revoked, but you can reapply. You have to wait at least 12 months before reapplying.

    ", + "

    You need to start a new application when you reapply.

    ", + "

    Certificates of sponsorship

    ", + "

    You must assign a certificate of sponsorship to each foreign worker you employ. This is an electronic record, not a physical document. Each certificate has its own number which a worker can use to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    When you assign the certificate to a worker, they must use it to apply for their visa within 3 months. They must not apply for their visa more than 3 months before the start date of the job listed on the certificate.

    ", + "

    Defined certificates

    ", + "

    These are for people applying on a Skilled Worker visa from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    You must apply for defined certificates for these workers through the sponsorship management system (SMS). You\u2019ll get access to this when you get your licence.

    ", + "

    When you get the certificate

    ", + "

    Applications are usually approved within one working day. It may take longer if UKVI need to carry out further checks on the information in your application.

    ", + "

    Defined certificates will appear in your SMS account once they have been approved. You can then assign them to a worker.

    ", + "

    Undefined certificates

    ", + "

    These are for Skilled Workers applying from inside the UK, and applicants on all other visas.

    ", + "

    When you apply for your licence you\u2019ll be asked to estimate how many undefined certificates you\u2019ll need for Workers and Temporary Workers in the first year.

    ", + "

    Certificate costs

    ", + "

    Certificates are free for citizens of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    For other citizens, you need to pay for each certificate.

    ", + "Type of certificate | Cost per certificate", + "Worker | \u00a3199", + "Temporary Worker | \u00a321", + "

    If you assign a certificate of sponsorship to a worker on a Skilled Worker or Intra-company Transfer visa, you might also need to pay the immigration skills charge.

    ", + "

    Immigration skills charge

    ", + "

    You might have to pay an additional charge when you assign a certificate of sponsorship to someone applying for a Skilled Worker or Intra-company Transfer visa. This is called the \u2018immigration skills charge\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must pay the immigration skills charge if they\u2019re applying for a visa from:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK to work in the UK for 6 months or more
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK for any length of time
    • ", + "

    When you do not need to pay

    ", + "

    You will not pay the immigration skills charge if you\u2019re sponsoring someone:

    ", + "
  • on an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa
    • ", + "
  • who is on a visa to study in the UK, and switches to a Skilled Worker or Intra-company Transfer visa - if they then extend their stay on the new visa, you will not have to pay the charge
    • ", + "

    You will also not have to pay the charge if you\u2019re sponsoring someone with one of the following occupation codes:

    ", + "
  • chemical scientists (2111)
    • ", + "
  • biological scientists and biochemists (2112)
    • ", + "
  • physical scientists (2113)
    • ", + "
  • social and humanities scientists (2114)
    • ", + "
  • natural and social science professionals not elsewhere classified (2119)
    • ", + "
  • research and development managers (2150)
    • ", + "
  • higher education teaching professionals (2311)
    • ", + "
  • clergy (2444)
    • ", + "
  • sports players (3441)
    • ", + "
  • sports coaches, instructors or officials (3442)
    • ", + "

    You also might not have to pay the charge if you\u2019re sponsoring a worker who was assigned a certificate before 6 April 2017 - there\u2019s more information in part 2 of the guidance for sponsors.

    ", + "

    You will not need to pay the charge for any of the worker\u2019s dependants, for example their partner or child.

    ", + "

    If the person you\u2019re sponsoring changes jobs

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve assigned a certificate of sponsorship to someone in your organisation, who then moves to a new job in your organisation, you\u2019ll need to assign them a new certificate. They will use this to apply for a new visa.

    ", + "

    You only need to do this if the new job has a different occupation code.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay the immigration skills charge again if the end date on their new visa is later than the end date on their existing visa.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You pay the immigration skills charge when you assign a certificate of sponsorship to the worker.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    The amount you need to pay is based on:

    ", + "
  • the size of your organisation
    • ", + "
  • how long the worker will work for you, using the start and end dates on their sponsorship certificate
    • ", + "", + "Period | Small or charitable sponsors | Medium or large sponsors", + "First 12 months | \u00a3364 | \u00a31,000", + "Each additional 6 months | \u00a3182 | \u00a3500", + "

    If the worker will be in the UK for longer than 6 months but less than a year, you must pay for at least 12 months.

    ", + "

    You must pay the full charge in one go.

    ", + "

    Contact the Business Helpdesk if you\u2019re not sure which category your business fits into.

    ", + "

    As the longest you can sponsor a worker for is 5 years, the most you have to pay will be:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,820 (5 x \u00a3364) if you\u2019re a small or charitable sponsor
    • ", + "
  • \u00a35,000 (5 x \u00a31,000) if you\u2019re a medium or large sponsor
    • ", + "

    UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) will contact you if you do not pay the charge or pay the wrong amount. You\u2019ll have 10 working days to pay the charge - the worker\u2019s visa application will be refused if you do not.

    ", + "

    Refunds

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a full refund if the worker\u2019s visa application is:

    ", + "
  • refused or withdrawn
    • ", + "
  • successful, but they do not come to work for you
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a partial refund if the worker:

    ", + "
  • gets less time on their visa than you sponsored them for
    • ", + "
  • starts working for you but then changes to another sponsor
    • ", + "
  • leaves their job before the end date on their certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get a partial refund if you paid the medium or large sponsor fee when assigning the certificate, but had already notified UKVI that you\u2019re now a small or charitable sponsor.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You usually get a refund within 90 days of:

    ", + "
  • telling UKVI that the worker did not come to work for you
    • ", + "
  • the expiration date on the worker\u2019s certificate of sponsorship, if they did not use it to apply for a visa
    • ", + "
  • the date the worker\u2019s visa application is refused or withdrawn
    • ", + "
  • the date you assigned the certificate of sponsorship, if you had already notified UKVI that you became a small or charitable sponsor
    • ", + "

    If the worker\u2019s visa application is refused, they can ask for the decision to be reviewed. \nThis is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.

    ", + "

    If they do not ask for an administrative review, you\u2019ll get a refund within 90 days of the deadline for applying for one.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a refund within 90 days of the administrative review being dismissed if the worker applied for one and were unsuccessful.

    ", + "

    Contact UKVI if your refund is not paid within 90 days.

    ", + "

    Job suitability

    ", + "

    You can sponsor a worker if the job they\u2019re going to do has a suitable rate of pay and skill level, or meets the other criteria needed for their visa.

    ", + "

    Additional requirements for religious workers

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to advertise any job you offer to someone with a Religious Worker visa, unless it\u2019s a non-essential position or involves living within a religious order (such as a monk or nun).

    ", + "

    When you do not need to advertise the job, you need to have records showing that there is not a suitable person who does not require sponsorship to take on the role.

    ", + "

    There are rules you must follow about how to advertise jobs for religious workers.

    ", + "

    Additional requirements for creative workers

    ", + "

    Creative jobs done by someone on a Creative or Sporting Worker visa include:

    ", + "
  • ballet dancers and other dancers
    • ", + "
  • film and TV performers
    • ", + "
  • theatre and opera performers
    • ", + "
  • film and TV workers
    • ", + "
  • models
    • ", + "

    For creative jobs, you must make sure that either:

    ", + "
  • you comply with the creative workers code of practice (if it exists for that occupation)
    • ", + "
  • the job is on the shortage occupations list
    • ", + "

    If the job is not on the shortage occupation list, and there is no code of practice, you need to check that the job cannot be done by a worker who does not need sponsoring.

    ", + "

    Additional requirements for sporting workers

    ", + "

    For sporting jobs that will be done by someone on either the Creative or Sporting Worker visa or Sportsperson visa, you must get an endorsement letter from the relevant governing body.

    ", + "

    Sponsoring under-18s

    ", + "

    You cannot sponsor a foreign worker under 18 on:

    ", + "
  • a Skilled Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • an Intra-company visa
    • ", + "
  • an International Agreement Worker visa, if they\u2019ll be working as a private servant in a diplomatic household or in the household of an employee of an international organisation
    • ", + "
  • a Seasonal Worker visa
    • ", + "

    You cannot sponsor a child under 16 for a Minister of Religion or Sportsperson visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re also a Student sponsor (ATAS certificates)

    ", + "

    If you also have a Student sponsor licence, you may need to check whether the worker needs an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate.

    ", + "

    Who needs to do this

    ", + "

    You need to do this if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re licensed as a Student sponsor
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re sponsoring the worker for a Skilled Worker, Intra-company Transfer, Intra-company Graduate Trainee, Government Authorised Exchange Worker or International Agreement Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re sponsoring the worker for a role in a relevant occupation code
    • ", + "

    If any of these do not apply to you, you do not need to do anything.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    If you do need to check, you must follow these steps.

    ", + "
  • Check if the worker needs an ATAS certificate.
    • ", + "
  • Add a sponsor note to your certificate of sponsorship, confirming whether or not the worker needs an ATAS certificate.
    • ", + "
  • If the worker does need an ATAS certificate, you must tell them that they need to get one and include it in their visa application.
    • ", + "

    Check if the worker needs an ATAS certificate

    ", + "

    The worker will need an ATAS certificate if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • they will be carrying out research at PhD level or above
    • ", + "
  • they will be carrying out research in a \u2018relevant subject\u2019 - check the relevant subject areas list in the worker sponsor guidance
    • ", + "
  • their nationality is not exempt from needing an ATAS certificate - check the exempt nationalities list in the worker sponsor guidance
    • ", + "

    If the worker does not need an ATAS certificate

    ", + "

    Your sponsor note should say that the worker does not need an ATAS certificate and explain why.

    ", + "

    If the worker needs an ATAS certificate

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • tell the worker that they need to get an ATAS certificate and include it in their visa application
    • ", + "
  • add a sponsor note to your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • make and keep a copy of the ATAS certificate, once it has been issued
    • ", + "

    Tell the worker that they need an ATAS certificate

    ", + "

    Tell the worker that they must apply for an ATAS certificate and include it in their visa application.

    ", + "

    If the worker does not include their ATAS certificate, their visa application will be refused and you may lose your sponsor licences.

    ", + "

    ATAS certificate applications for workers can take at least 2 weeks to be processed (3 weeks between April and September).

    ", + "

    Add a sponsor note to your certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    Your sponsor note should say that the worker needs an ATAS certificate and mention whether they have already applied for or been issued with one.

    ", + "

    Make and keep a copy of the ATAS certificate

    ", + "

    When the worker has received their ATAS certificate, you must make and keep a copy of the certificate, or the electronic approval notice the worker received from the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO).

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • check that your foreign workers have the necessary skills, qualifications or professional accreditations to do their jobs, and keep copies of documents showing this
    • ", + "
  • only assign certificates of sponsorship to workers when the job is suitable for sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • tell UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if your sponsored workers are not complying with the conditions of their visa
    • ", + "

    Your licence may be downgraded, suspended or withdrawn if you do not meet them.

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance on sponsor requirements and duties and check workers have the right to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Monitoring employees

    ", + "

    You must have HR systems in place that let you:

    ", + "
  • monitor your employees\u2019 immigration status
    • ", + "
  • keep copies of relevant documents for each employee, including passport and right to work information
    • ", + "
  • track and record employees\u2019 attendance
    • ", + "
  • keep employee contact details up to date
    • ", + "
  • report to UKVI if there is a problem, for example if your employee stops coming to work
    • ", + "

    Changes to your business

    ", + "

    You must report any significant changes in your own circumstances within 20 working days, for example if you:

    ", + "
  • stop trading or become insolvent
    • ", + "
  • substantially change the nature of your business
    • ", + "
  • are involved in a merger or take-over
    • ", + "

    You must also tell UKVI if you\u2019re changing your details, like your address or allocated roles.

    ", + "

    To register a change of circumstances use the sponsorship management system (SMS).

    ", + "

    Requests can take up to 18 weeks. You can register a change within 5 working days instead if you use the priority service. It costs \u00a3200.

    ", + "

    Sponsoring under-18s

    ", + "

    You must make sure that foreign workers under 18 have suitable care arrangements for their:

    ", + "
  • travel to the UK
    • ", + "
  • arrival in the UK
    • ", + "
  • living arrangements in the UK
    • ", + "

    You must also get a letter from their parents giving consent to the care arrangements.

    ", + "

    You must get a Disclosure and Barring Service check on any of your workers who need it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll lose your licence if you do not do this.

    ", + "

    Children under 16

    ", + "

    You must get a licence from the local education authority in the area where the child will work.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Student visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Student visa to study in the UK if you\u2019re 16 or over and you:

    ", + "
  • have been offered a place on a course by a licensed student sponsor
    • ", + "
  • have enough money to support yourself and pay for your course - the amount will vary depending on your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • can speak, read, write and understand English
    • ", + "
  • have consent from your parents if you\u2019re 16 or 17 - you\u2019ll need evidence of this when you apply
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re 16 or 17 and you want to study at an independent school in the UK, you may be eligible for a Child Student visa instead.

    ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 4 (General) student visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme. The deadline is 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to study in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    When you can apply depends on whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 6 months before you start your course.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Applying from inside the UK

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin within 28 days of your current visa expiring.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    How long you can stay depends on the length of your course and what study you\u2019ve already completed.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 18 or over and your course is at degree level, you can usually stay in the UK for up to 5 years. If it\u2019s below degree level, you can usually stay in the UK for up to 2 years.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to find out exactly how long you can stay.

    ", + "

    Staying longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to:

    ", + "
  • extend your visa if you\u2019re eligible, for example to continue your studies in the UK
    • ", + "
  • switch to a Student visa from another visa if you\u2019re already in the UK
    • ", + "

    When you can travel to the UK

    ", + "

    You can arrive in the UK before your course starts. This can be either:

    ", + "
  • up to 1 week before, if your course lasts 6 months or less
    • ", + "
  • up to 1 month before, if your course lasts more than 6 months
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3348 to apply for a Student visa from outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3475 to extend or switch to a Student visa from inside the UK
    • ", + "

    You must pay the visa fee for each person that joins you.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You may be able to bring your partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019).

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • work as a student union sabbatical officer
    • ", + "

    You may be able to work - how much depends on what you\u2019re studying and whether you\u2019re working in or out of term-time.

    ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • claim public funds (benefits) and pensions
    • ", + "
  • work in certain jobs, for example as a professional sportsperson or sports coach
    • ", + "
  • be self-employed
    • ", + "
  • study at an academy or a local authority-funded school (also known as a maintained school)
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll be told what you can and cannot do on a Student visa.

    ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    You must have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed student sponsor.

    ", + "

    To prove this, your education provider will send you a reference number (called a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)) once they\u2019ve offered you a place on the course. You need a CAS before you can apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    Courses you can study

    ", + "

    You can do one of the following courses:

    ", + "
  • a full-time course leading to a qualification that\u2019s below degree level (RQF level 3, 4 or 5) with at least 15 hours a week of organised daytime study
    • ", + "
  • a full-time course leading to a qualification that\u2019s degree level or above (RQF level 6, 7 or 8)
    • ", + "
  • a full-time course at degree level or above (RQF level 6,7 or 8) that\u2019s equivalent to a UK higher education course and is being delivered as part of a longer course overseas
    • ", + "
  • a part-time course leading to a qualification that\u2019s above degree level (RQF level 7 or above)
    • ", + "
  • a recognised foundation programme for postgraduate doctors or dentists
    • ", + "
  • an English language course at level B2 or above in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
    • ", + "

    You may also need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate if you\u2019re studying or researching sensitive topics at RQF level 7 or above.

    ", + "

    The qualification levels are different in Scotland.

    ", + "

    You can also apply for this visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • taking up a full-time elected position as a Student Union Sabbatical Officer
    • ", + "
  • applying to extend your stay on the Doctorate Extension Scheme - you must currently have permission to be in the UK on a Student visa (or a Tier 4 (General) student visa) and your course must lead to a PhD
    • ", + "

    Postgraduate doctors and dentists

    ", + "

    You can apply for this visa if you\u2019re sponsored to do a recognised foundation programme and you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • finished a recognised UK degree in medicine or dentistry
    • ", + "
  • received that degree from a registered student sponsor
    • ", + "
  • spent your final year and at least 1 other year of studies leading to that degree in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve offered you a place on the course, your education provider will send you a reference number called a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies.

    ", + "

    You must enter this reference number on your visa application.

    ", + "

    You must apply for your visa within 6 months of receiving your CAS.

    ", + "

    Money you need

    ", + "

    You must have enough money to pay for your course and support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    How much money you need depends on your circumstances and what you\u2019re applying for.

    ", + "

    Course fee

    ", + "

    You need enough money to pay for your course for 1 academic year (up to 9 months). The amount you need to pay will be on your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months, you do not need to prove you have this money for your visa application.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself (\u2018financial requirement\u2019)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show you have enough money to support yourself - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months on the date of your application.

    ", + "

    How much money you need depends on where you will be studying. You\u2019ll need either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,334 per month (for up to 9 months) for courses in London
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,023 per month (for up to 9 months) for courses outside London
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for the Doctorate Extension Scheme, and you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 12 months, you need to prove you have a total of \u00a32,668 for courses in London, or a total of \u00a32,046 for courses outside London.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re boarding at a residential independent school, you\u2019ll need to pay boarding fees instead. The amount you need to pay will be on your CAS.

    ", + "

    London means the City of London and the 32 London boroughs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove you have extra money for each family member you bring with you.

    ", + "

    You must have this money for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28-day period must be within 31 days of the date you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    If you have a student loan or financial sponsorship, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of this from your loan or sponsorship company.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on finances for student applications for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to prove you have money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove the financial requirement if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a UK visa for 12 months prior to the date of your Student visa application - you must currently be in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a student union sabbatical officer
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a postgraduate doctor or dentist on a recognised foundation programme
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re from a country listed under the \u2018differential evidence requirement\u2019

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove you have enough money to support yourself if you\u2019re a British national overseas or from one of the following countries or territories:

    ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • Austria
    • ", + "
  • Bahrain
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belgium
    • ", + "
  • Botswana
    • ", + "
  • Brazil
    • ", + "
  • Brunei
    • ", + "
  • Bulgaria
    • ", + "
  • Cambodia
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Chile
    • ", + "
  • China
    • ", + "
  • Croatia
    • ", + "
  • Republic of Cyprus
    • ", + "
  • Czech Republic
    • ", + "
  • Denmark
    • ", + "
  • The Dominican Republic
    • ", + "
  • Estonia
    • ", + "
  • Finland
    • ", + "
  • France
    • ", + "
  • Germany
    • ", + "
  • Greece
    • ", + "
  • Hong Kong
    • ", + "
  • Hungary
    • ", + "
  • Iceland
    • ", + "
  • Indonesia
    • ", + "
  • Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Italy
    • ", + "
  • Japan
    • ", + "
  • Kazakhstan
    • ", + "
  • Kuwait
    • ", + "
  • Latvia
    • ", + "
  • Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • Lithuania
    • ", + "
  • Luxembourg
    • ", + "
  • Macao
    • ", + "
  • Malaysia
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • Mauritius
    • ", + "
  • Mexico
    • ", + "
  • Netherlands
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Oman
    • ", + "
  • Peru
    • ", + "
  • Poland
    • ", + "
  • Portugal
    • ", + "
  • Qatar
    • ", + "
  • Romania
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Singapore
    • ", + "
  • Slovakia
    • ", + "
  • Slovenia
    • ", + "
  • South Korea
    • ", + "
  • Spain
    • ", + "
  • Sweden
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • Taiwan
    • ", + "
  • Thailand
    • ", + "
  • Tunisia
    • ", + "
  • United Arab Emirates
    • ", + "
  • United States of America
    • ", + "

    However, you might be asked to provide this evidence before you get a decision on your application.

    ", + "

    If you do need to provide it, you\u2019ll be contacted by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) after you\u2019ve submitted your application.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on finances for student applications for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You must prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by:

    ", + "
  • passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider
    • ", + "
  • having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English, gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18
    • ", + "

    Level of English

    ", + "

    You must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to a certain level on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.

    ", + "What you\u2019re studying | Level", + "Degree level or above | Equivalent to CEFR level B2", + "Below degree level | CEFR level B1", + "

    If you\u2019re studying with a Higher Education Provider

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying at degree level or above, your Higher Education Provider (HEP) can assess your level of English themselves. This means they may ask you to do a different test.

    ", + "

    This must still be equivalent to a CEFR level B2.

    ", + "

    Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019ve completed a qualification equivalent to a UK degree in one of the following countries, or are from one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • UK
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    You also do not need to prove your knowledge of English if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a national of Canada
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying to come to the UK for a study abroad programme as part of a university degree course in the USA
    • ", + "
  • you proved your level of English in a previous visa application
    • ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply for your Student visa you must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel documentation
    • ", + "
  • a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS) from your course provider
    • ", + "

    You may also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • proof you have enough money to support yourself and pay for your course - this will vary depending on your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your course and nationality require it
    • ", + "
  • proof of parental or other legal guardian consent if you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship to your parent or guardian if you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results
    • ", + "
  • written consent for your application from your financial sponsor if you\u2019ve received sponsorship for your course fees and living costs in the last 12 months
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances. Read the guidance for the full list of documents you\u2019ll need to provide.

    ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you need to give your biometric information (fingerprints and a photograph) at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18 you\u2019ll need written consent from both parents or legal guardians (or one parent if they have sole responsibility).

    ", + "

    This must include their consent for:

    ", + "
  • your visa application
    • ", + "
  • your living and care arrangements in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your travel to the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide a copy of your birth certificate (or another government issued document) that shows the names of your parents.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Student visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a visa application centre
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you need to give your biometric information at a visa application centre, you may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply inside the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to:

    ", + "
  • extend your Student visa
    • ", + "
  • switch to a Student visa from another type of visa
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    After you get a decision

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a visa application centre
    • ", + "
  • a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app
    • ", + "

    Find out what happens after you get your decision.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019) may be able to apply to come to the UK or stay longer in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a full-time student on a postgraduate level course (RQF level 7 or above) that lasts 9 months or longer
    • ", + "
  • a new government-sponsored student on a course that lasts longer than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • a Doctorate Extension Scheme student
    • ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is one of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • your unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 years old - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply, for example:

    ", + "
  • a marriage or civil partnership certificate for your partner
    • ", + "
  • a birth certificate for your child
    • ", + "

    Find out what other documents you can use to prove your relationship.

    ", + "

    If your child is 16 or 17

    ", + "

    If your child is 16 or 17 on the date you apply you\u2019ll need to prove they are not living an independent life, for example they\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove:

    ", + "
  • where they live - if they do not live with you, you\u2019ll need to explain why
    • ", + "
  • any rent or upkeep they pay you each month
    • ", + "
  • that you support them financially if they do not live with you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and child must each have a certain amount of money available to them. This is in addition to the money you must have to support yourself.

    ", + "

    How much money they need depends on where you will be studying. They must have either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3845 a month (for up to 9 months) for courses in London
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3680 a month (for up to 9 months) for courses outside London
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying at the same time as your partner or child (you\u2019re applying together as a family), you\u2019ll need to prove you have both money to pay for your course and to support yourself and additional money for each of them.

    ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you (they\u2019re applying separately) they only need to prove they have money to support themselves.

    ", + "

    You (or your partner or child) must have this money for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28 day period must be within 31 days of the date they apply for their visa.

    ", + "

    If you have a student loan or financial sponsorship, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of this from your loan or sponsorship company. If your loan does not cover your partner or child, you\u2019ll need to prove you have money to support them instead.

    ", + "

    When they do not need to prove they have money to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner or child does not need to prove they have this money if they\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months.

    ", + "

    If you and your partner or child are from a country listed under the \u2018differential evidence requirement\u2019 and you\u2019re applying at the same time, they do not need to prove they have money to support themselves.

    ", + "

    However, they might be asked to provide this evidence before they get a decision on their application.

    ", + "

    If they do need to provide it, they\u2019ll be contacted by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) after they\u2019ve submitted their application.

    ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as your partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as your child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you get it when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, they\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit).

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll have to collect their biometric residence permit within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    How long they can stay

    ", + "

    If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Apply inside the UK to extend or switch

    ", + "

    Apply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you extend or switch your own visa.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date - this must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or child cannot apply to switch in the UK if they have one of the following visas:

    ", + "
  • a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Each person will need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3475 for the visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much they\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "

    They may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and child must apply online. They must either:

    ", + "
  • apply as a partner
    • ", + "
  • apply as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you get it when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    Getting a faster decision

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    Apply online for any children you have while in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to extend your Student visa to stay longer and continue your course or study a new course. This includes if you currently have a Tier 4 (General) student visa.

    ", + "

    To extend your visa you must:

    ", + "
  • be in the UK on a Student visa or a Tier 4 (General) student visa
    • ", + "
  • have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed student sponsor - shown by your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)
    • ", + "
  • show that your studies are at a higher academic level than your current course (called the \u2018academic progress requirement\u2019) - there are some exceptions
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for less than 12 months, you\u2019ll need to prove you have enough money to support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your dependants\u2019 visas at the same time as you extend your own visa. If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can extend their visas at a later date - this must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Showing academic progress

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re currently studying in the UK, you\u2019ll usually need to show your studies will be at a higher academic level than your current course.

    ", + "

    Your new course must be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • at a higher academic level than your current course
    • ", + "
  • at the same level and related to your previous course or career aspirations - it must be degree level or above at a Higher Education Provider (HEP)
    • ", + "
  • intercalated to a medicine, dentistry or medical science course you started studying under your Student visa (including a Tier 4 (General) student visa)
    • ", + "

    You do not need to show your studies are at a higher level if you\u2019re doing one of the following:

    ", + "
  • resitting exams or repeating modules
    • ", + "
  • applying for the first time to a new institution to complete a course you started at an institution that lost its student sponsorship licence
    • ", + "
  • applying after working as a student union sabbatical officer to complete a qualification you started studying under your last Student visa (including a Tier 4 (General) student visa)
    • ", + "
  • completing a PhD or other doctorate that you started studying under your last Student visa (including a Tier 4 (General) student visa)
    • ", + "
  • continuing your medical, dentistry or medical science degree after completing an intercalated course
    • ", + "
  • applying to extend your stay to complete your studies because you\u2019ve done (or want to do) a work placement or study abroad programme
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance for more information about when you need to prove your studies are at a higher level.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to work in the UK

    ", + "

    You can get a CAS if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • applying to work as a student union sabbatical officer
    • ", + "
  • applying to stay in the UK to look for work after you\u2019ve finished your PhD or doctorate - the \u2018Doctorate Extension Scheme\u2019 (DES)
    • ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin with 28 days of your current visa expiring.

    ", + "

    For example, if your visa expires on 1 December, you must apply for a new visa before 1 December. Your new course must begin by 29 December.

    ", + "

    You must also apply within 6 months of getting a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    For each person, you\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3475 to extend this visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    A decision will usually be made within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a UKVCAS centre
    • ", + "
  • a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app
    • ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to switch to a Student visa if you already have permission to be in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot switch to this visa if you have one of the following visas:

    ", + "
  • a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • leave outside the immigration rules
    • ", + "

    If you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme, you do not need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To switch to a Student visa you must:

    ", + "
  • be in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed student sponsor - shown by your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for less than 12 months, you\u2019ll need to prove you have enough money to support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch your dependants\u2019 visas at the same time as you switch your own visa. If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can switch their visas at a later date - this must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin with 28 days of your current visa expiring.

    ", + "

    For example, if your visa expires on 1 December, you must apply for a new visa before 1 December. Your new course must begin by 29 December.

    ", + "

    You must also apply within 6 months of getting a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    For each person, you\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3475 to extend this visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    A decision will usually be made within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a UKVCAS centre
    • ", + "
  • a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Child Student visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-study-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Child Student visa if you\u2019re between 4 and 17 years old and you want to study at an independent school in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • have an unconditional offer of a place on a course at an independent school
    • ", + "
  • be able to show you\u2019ll have access to enough money to support you in the UK and pay for your course
    • ", + "
  • have the consent of your parent or guardian to study in the UK - you\u2019ll need to prove this when you apply
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re 18 or over, apply for a Student visa instead.

    ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 4 (Child) student visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme. The deadline is 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to study in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    When you can apply depends on whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 6 months before you start your course.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Applying from inside the UK

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin within 28 days of your current visa expiring.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    How long you can stay depends on your age on the date you apply and the length of your course.

    ", + "Age when you apply | How long you can stay", + "Under 16 | Course length (up to 6 years) plus 4 months afterwards", + "16 or 17 | Course length (up to 3 years) plus 4 months afterwards", + "

    When you can travel to the UK

    ", + "

    You can arrive in the UK up to 1 month before your course starts.

    ", + "

    Staying longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to:

    ", + "
  • extend your visa if you\u2019re eligible, for example to continue your studies in the UK
    • ", + "
  • switch to a Child Student visa from another visa if you\u2019re already in the UK
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3348 to apply for a Child Student visa from outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3475 to extend or switch to a Child Student visa from inside the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can study at an independent school.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 16 or over you can work:

    ", + "
  • part-time during term for up to 10 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • full-time during vacations
    • ", + "
  • on a work placement as part of your course (but not for more than 50% of your course)
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • study at an academy or a local authority-funded school (also known as a maintained school) or further or higher education institution
    • ", + "
  • get public funds (benefits)
    • ", + "
  • take a full-time permanent job or be self-employed
    • ", + "
  • work as a professional sportsperson (for example a sports coach) or entertainer
    • ", + "
  • apply for settlement
    • ", + "
  • bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) - if a parent wants to accompany you, they\u2019ll need to apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa visa
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Child Student visa.

    ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    You must have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed Child Student sponsor.

    ", + "

    To prove this, your education provider will send you a reference number (called a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)) once they\u2019ve offered you a place on the course. You need a CAS before you can apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    Courses you can study

    ", + "

    You can do a course at an independent school that\u2019s taught in line with one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the national curriculum
    • ", + "
  • the Regulated Qualifications Framework (RQF) at level 3 or below
    • ", + "
  • independent school education inspection standards
    • ", + "

    You can also do a course that\u2019s accepted as being at the same academic level by:

    ", + "
  • Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted)
    • ", + "
  • Education Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Estyn (in Wales)
    • ", + "
  • Education and Training Inspectorate (in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    You can do a short \u2018pre-sessional\u2019 course to prepare you for your main course.

    ", + "

    You cannot do a foundation course that will prepare you for direct entry to a higher education institution.

    ", + "

    Your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)

    ", + "

    Once your education provider has offered you a place on a course, they\u2019ll send you a reference number called a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to enter this reference number on your visa application.

    ", + "

    Your CAS can cover both the pre-sessional course and your main course of study.

    ", + "

    You must apply for your visa within 6 months of receiving your CAS.

    ", + "

    Money you need

    ", + "

    You must have enough money available to you to pay for your course and support you in the UK.

    ", + "

    How much money you need depends on where you will live and who will be looking after you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll live with your parent or guardian

    ", + "

    Your parent must have a Parent of a Child Student visa to accompany you to the UK. If you\u2019re over 12 your parent will not be eligible, unless you have a younger sibling who\u2019s under 12 and also has a Child Student visa.

    ", + "

    You must have enough money to pay for your course fees for one academic year (up to 9 months).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need \u00a31,560 per month (for up to 9 months) - this amount is for both you and your parent.

    ", + "

    Your parent will need an extra \u00a3625 a month (for up to 9 months) for each additional child they accompany to the UK. The child must be your sibling and must also have a Child Student visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re boarding at an independent school

    ", + "

    You must have enough money to pay for your course fees and your boarding fees for one academic year (up to 9 months).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll live with a foster carer or close relative

    ", + "

    You must have enough money to pay for your course fees for one academic year (up to 9 months).

    ", + "

    Your foster carer or close relative must confirm they have at least \u00a3570 per month (for up to 9 months).

    ", + "

    Your foster carer or close relative must be a British citizen or be settled (have \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) in the UK. They cannot be your parent.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 16 or 17 and living independently

    ", + "

    You must have enough money to pay for your course fees for one academic year (up to 9 months).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,334 per month (for up to 9 months) if you\u2019re studying in London
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,023 per month (for up to 9 months) if you\u2019re studying outside of London
    • ", + "

    London means the City of London and the 32 London boroughs.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to find out how much money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    You must prove you (or your parent) have the money for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28-day period must be within 31 days of the date you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    If you have a student loan or financial sponsorship, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of this from your loan or sponsorship company.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to prove you have money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove you have money to support yourself if you\u2019ve had a valid UK visa for at least 12 months immediately prior to the date of your Child Student visa application - you must currently be in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from a country listed under the \u2018differential evidence requirement\u2019

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove you have enough money to support yourself if you\u2019re a British national overseas or from one of the following countries or territories:

    ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • Austria
    • ", + "
  • Bahrain
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belgium
    • ", + "
  • Botswana
    • ", + "
  • Brazil
    • ", + "
  • Brunei
    • ", + "
  • Bulgaria
    • ", + "
  • Cambodia
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Chile
    • ", + "
  • China
    • ", + "
  • Croatia
    • ", + "
  • Republic of Cyprus
    • ", + "
  • Czech Republic
    • ", + "
  • Denmark
    • ", + "
  • The Dominican Republic
    • ", + "
  • Estonia
    • ", + "
  • Finland
    • ", + "
  • France
    • ", + "
  • Germany
    • ", + "
  • Greece
    • ", + "
  • Hong Kong
    • ", + "
  • Hungary
    • ", + "
  • Iceland
    • ", + "
  • Indonesia
    • ", + "
  • Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Italy
    • ", + "
  • Japan
    • ", + "
  • Kazakhstan
    • ", + "
  • Kuwait
    • ", + "
  • Latvia
    • ", + "
  • Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • Lithuania
    • ", + "
  • Luxembourg
    • ", + "
  • Macao
    • ", + "
  • Malaysia
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • Mauritius
    • ", + "
  • Mexico
    • ", + "
  • Netherlands
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Oman
    • ", + "
  • Peru
    • ", + "
  • Poland
    • ", + "
  • Portugal
    • ", + "
  • Qatar
    • ", + "
  • Romania
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Singapore
    • ", + "
  • Slovakia
    • ", + "
  • Slovenia
    • ", + "
  • South Korea
    • ", + "
  • Spain
    • ", + "
  • Sweden
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • Taiwan
    • ", + "
  • Thailand
    • ", + "
  • Tunisia
    • ", + "
  • United Arab Emirates
    • ", + "
  • United States of America
    • ", + "

    However, you might be asked to provide this evidence before you get a decision on your application.

    ", + "

    If you do need to provide it, you\u2019ll be contacted by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) after you\u2019ve submitted your application.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to find out how much money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply for your Child Student visa you must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel documentation
    • ", + "
  • a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS) from your course provider
    • ", + "
  • written consent from your parent or legal guardian for your study in the UK
    • ", + "

    You may also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • proof that you have enough money to support yourself and pay for your course - this will vary depending on your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship to your parent or guardian (for example a birth certificate or other government issued document showing their names)
    • ", + "
  • evidence of the qualifications you used to get a place on your course - if this was required by your course provider
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results
    • ", + "
  • written consent for your application from your financial sponsor if you\u2019ve received sponsorship for your course fees and living costs in the last 12 months
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances. Read the guidance for the full list of documents you\u2019ll need to provide.

    ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you need to give your biometric information (fingerprints and a photograph) at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this when you apply.

    ", + "

    Parental consent

    ", + "

    You must have written consent from both parents (or one parent if they have sole responsibility) or legal guardian. This must confirm they consent to:

    ", + "
  • your visa application
    • ", + "
  • your living arrangements and care in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your travel to the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re living with a close relative or foster carer, you\u2019ll need to provide additional evidence. Read the guidance for the full list of documents you\u2019ll need to provide.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Child Student visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you need to give your biometric information at a visa application centre, you may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply inside the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to:

    ", + "
  • extend your Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • switch to a Child Student visa from another type of visa
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview (if you\u2019re 16 or 17)
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    After you get a decision

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a visa application centre
    • ", + "
  • a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app
    • ", + "

    Find out what happens after you get your decision.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to extend your Child Student visa to stay longer in the UK. This includes if you currently have a Tier 4 (Child) student visa.

    ", + "

    To extend your visa you must:

    ", + "
  • be in the UK on a Child Student visa (or a Tier 4 (Child) student visa)
    • ", + "
  • have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed Child Student sponsor - shown by your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for less than 12 months, you\u2019ll need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin with 28 days of your current visa expiring.

    ", + "

    For example, if your visa expires on 1 December, you must apply for a new visa before 1 December. Your new course must begin by 29 December.

    ", + "

    You must also apply within 6 months of getting a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3475 to extend this visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    A decision will usually be made within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview (if you\u2019re 16 or 17)
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a UKVCAS centre
    • ", + "
  • a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app
    • ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Child Student visa from another visa. You must be between 4 and 17 years old.

    ", + "

    You cannot switch to a Child Student visa if you have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a visitor visa
    • ", + "
  • a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • leave outside the immigration rules
    • ", + "

    If you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme, you do not need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To switch to a Child Student visa you must:

    ", + "
  • be in the UK
    • ", + "
  • be between 4 and 17 years old
    • ", + "
  • have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed Child Student sponsor - show by your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for less than 12 months, you\u2019ll need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin with 28 days of your current visa expiring.

    ", + "

    For example, if your visa expires on 1 December, you must apply for a new visa before 1 December. Your new course must begin by 29 December.

    ", + "

    You must also apply within 6 months of getting a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3475 to switch to this visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    A decision will usually be made within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview (if you\u2019re 16 or 17)
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a UKVCAS centre
    • ", + "
  • a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Study English in the UK (Short-term study visa)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/visa-to-study-english", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Short-term study visa to study English language in the UK.

    ", + "

    This visa is for English language courses lasting longer than 6 months and up to 11 months.

    ", + "

    If your course is different to this, check which visa you need.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, you\u2019ll need to apply for a visa to study for longer than 6 months in the UK. The earliest date your visa will start from is 1 January 2021.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for the length of your course plus an extra 30 days as long as your stay is no longer than 11 months.

    ", + "

    Fees and costs

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3186 for a Short-term study visa.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online application. It usually costs \u00a3470.

    ", + "

    This is so you can use the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll need to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    What you cannot do

    ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • study on any other course or change your course while in the UK
    • ", + "
  • study at a state-funded school
    • ", + "
  • work or carry out any business (this includes paid or unpaid work, work experience or work placements)
    • ", + "
  • extend this visa
    • ", + "
  • bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you on this visa
    • ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds) or the State Pension
    • ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You must be 16 or older to apply.

    ", + "

    You must prove that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been accepted onto an English language course that lasts 11 months or less and includes no other subjects
    • ", + "
  • your course is with an accredited institution
    • ", + "
  • you have enough money to support yourself without working or help from public funds, or that relatives and friends can support and house you
    • ", + "
  • you can pay for your return or onward journey
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18 you must also:

    ", + "
  • have made arrangements for your travel and stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have the consent of your parent or guardian to study in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    Your English language course must be with an \u2018accredited institution\u2019.

    ", + "

    This can be either:

    ", + "
  • an accredited UK institution
    • ", + "
  • an eligible overseas provider, if you\u2019re studying in the UK as part of an overseas course
    • ", + "

    Accredited UK institutions

    ", + "

    An accredited institution must either have a student sponsor licence or have a valid accreditation and be listed by one of the following:

    ", + "
  • Accreditation Body for Language Services
    • ", + "
  • Accreditation Service for International Colleges
    • ", + "
  • Accreditation UK
    • ", + "
  • British Accreditation Council
    • ", + "
  • Education and Training Inspectorate (in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "
  • Estyn (in Wales)
    • ", + "
  • Education Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Independent Schools Inspectorate
    • ", + "
  • Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted)
    • ", + "
  • Office for Students
    • ", + "
  • Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education
    • ", + "

    Eligible overseas providers

    ", + "

    You can also apply for a Short-term study visa if you\u2019re studying at an overseas higher education institution and part of your English language course is in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your institution must:

    ", + "
  • hold its own national accreditation
    • ", + "
  • offer no more than half of its educational programme in the UK
    • ", + "
  • offer programmes that are equivalent to a UK degree
    • ", + "

    Documents you'll need

    ", + "

    When you apply you must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport (with a blank page for your visa) or other valid travel document
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you can support yourself during your trip, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • details of where you intend to stay and your travel plans - you should not pay for accommodation or travel until you get your visa
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019ve paid your course fees or have enough money to pay them
    • ", + "

    You also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results, if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test
    • ", + "
  • contact details for at least one parent or guardian in your home country, if you\u2019re under 18 years old
    • ", + "
  • a certified translation if any documents are not in English or Welsh
    • ", + "

    Documents about your course

    ", + "

    You must provide written proof of the course you\u2019re studying. For example, a letter of acceptance from the educational institution stating the course\u2019s name, duration and cost (including accommodation).

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances, such as evidence of your:

    ", + "
  • permission to be in the country you\u2019re applying from (if you\u2019re not a national)
    • ", + "
  • financial sponsor\u2019s occupation, income, savings or funds that will support your studies
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18 you need to provide additional documents if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re travelling on your own
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re travelling with someone who is not your parent or guardian
    • ", + "

    Travelling on your own

    ", + "

    You can travel to the UK without an adult (someone 18 or older).

    ", + "

    You must have written consent from both parents (or one parent if they have sole responsibility) or your legal guardian. This must confirm they consent to:

    ", + "
  • your visa application
    • ", + "
  • your living arrangements and care in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your travel to the UK
    • ", + "

    They also need to provide proof that you have somewhere suitable to live during your stay in the UK, including:

    ", + "
  • the name and date of birth of the person that you will be staying with
    • ", + "
  • an address where you will be living
    • ", + "
  • details of your relationship to the person who\u2019ll be looking after you
    • ", + "
  • consent in writing so they can look after you during your stay in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your parent, guardian or school must tell the relevant local authority about your visit if either of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 18 and have a disability
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re going to be looked after for more than 28 days by someone who is not a close relative (called \u2018private foster care\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You should provide a reply from the local authority if you have one.

    ", + "

    Travelling with an adult

    ", + "

    If you travel to the UK with an adult (someone 18 or older), you need to identify them in your visa application.

    ", + "

    Their name will appear on your visa, and you\u2019ll be refused entry to the UK if you arrive in the UK without them.

    ", + "

    You can identify up to 2 adults in your visa application, and your visa will only be valid if you travel with at least one of them.

    ", + "

    The adult can apply for a visa at the same time, but you must each complete separate applications.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online before you come to the UK. The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to provide your documents and prove your identity.

    ", + "

    Allow time to attend your appointment.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Before you start, check what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter containing the result of your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Find out what happens after you get your decision.

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Family visas: apply, extend or switch", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-family-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need a family visa to live with a family member in the UK for more than 6 months.

    ", + "

    Applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply for a family visa to live with your:

    ", + "
  • spouse or partner
    • ", + "
  • fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner
    • ", + "
  • child
    • ", + "
  • parent
    • ", + "
  • relative who\u2019ll provide long-term care for you
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re visiting the UK for 6 months or less, check if you need a Standard Visitor visa or Marriage Visitor visa.

    ", + "

    Extending your family visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay with your family member if you\u2019re already in the UK on a family visa.

    ", + "

    You can extend at any time before your current permission to stay in the UK expires.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re extending to stay with the same family member, you\u2019ll only get up to 28 days left on your current stay added to your new visa.

    ", + "

    You must live in the UK for a certain amount of time before you\u2019re eligible for settlement (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). Before you extend your visa, check how much time you need to settle in the UK.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to stay on the basis of your private life if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for many years already.

    ", + "

    Switching to a family visa

    ", + "

    If you came to the UK on a different visa, you might be able to switch to a family visa to stay with your:

    ", + "
  • spouse or partner
    • ", + "
  • child
    • ", + "
  • parent
    • ", + "

    You can switch at any time before your current permission to stay in the UK expires.

    ", + "

    If you do not meet the rules because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    If you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus, you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    How much it costs depends on how you apply.

    ", + " | Apply outside the UK | Apply in the UK", + "Cost if joining your partner, parent or child | \u00a31,523 | \u00a31,033", + "Cost for each dependant added to your application | \u00a31,523 each person | \u00a31,033 each person", + "Cost for an adult who needs to be looked after by a relative | \u00a33,250 | \u00a31,033", + "

    Let your bank know that a large amount of money will be coming out of your account - otherwise it might cancel your payment.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You might also need to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from the UK, you may be able to pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a faster decision.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the super priority service if you\u2019re applying as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    If you apply outside the UK a decision will usually be made within 12 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you apply in the UK a decision will usually be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will usually be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    It might take longer if your application is complex, for example you:

    ", + "
  • do not meet the minimum income requirement
    • ", + "
  • cannot prove your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • have not provided all the evidence that the Home Office needs
    • ", + "
  • have a criminal conviction or another personal circumstance that needs to be reviewed
    • ", + "

    Other ways you can stay

    ", + "

    You were the victim of domestic abuse or your partner died

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to settle in the UK if you had permission to stay in the UK as a partner when either:

    ", + "
  • you were the victim of domestic abuse
    • ", + "
  • your partner died
    • ", + "

    Your family member has refugee status or humanitarian protection

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for \u2018family reunion\u2019 to join a partner or parent who has either:

    ", + "
  • refugee status in the UK
    • ", + "
  • humanitarian protection in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme. Otherwise you need a visa or family permit to come to the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    When you cannot get a family visa

    ", + "

    In some circumstances you cannot apply for, or switch to, a family visa.

    ", + "

    Your family member has a work visa or student visa

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a family visa if your family member is in the UK temporarily on a work visa or student visa.

    ", + "

    You can apply to stay with them as a dependant instead.

    ", + "

    You have a visitor visa or a visa for 6 months or less

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to leave the UK to apply for a family visa if either:

    ", + "
  • you have permission to be in the UK as a visitor
    • ", + "
  • your visa is for 6 months or less
    • ", + "

    However, you might be able to switch to a family visa in the UK if you have either:

    ", + "
  • a 6-month family visa as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner
    • ", + "
  • permission to stay in the UK for the outcome of a family court case or divorce
    • ", + "

    Apply as a partner or spouse

    ", + "

    To apply as a partner, you and your partner both need to be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    Your partner must also either:

    ", + "
  • be a British or Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • have settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence
    • ", + "
  • be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021
    • ", + "
  • have a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK
    • ", + "

    You and your partner must intend to live together permanently in the UK after you apply.

    ", + "

    If your partner has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for a family permit.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need to prove

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "
  • you are a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner and will marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of arriving
    • ", + "

    If your wedding or civil ceremony has been delayed because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to request an extension or apply to extend your stay. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    You also need to prove you:

    ", + "
  • have a good knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • can financially support yourself and your dependants
    • ", + "

    If you do not meet these requirements you may still be able to apply for a visa or extend your permission to stay if:

    ", + "
  • you have a child in the UK who is a British or Irish citizen or has lived in the UK for 7 years and it would be unreasonable for them to leave the UK
    • ", + "
  • there would be very significant difficulties for you and your partner if you lived together as a couple outside the UK that could not be overcome
    • ", + "
  • it would breach your human rights to stop you coming to the UK or make you leave
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner

    ", + "

    You must prove that:

    ", + "
  • any previous marriages or civil partnerships have ended
    • ", + "
  • you plan to marry or become civil partners within 6 months of arriving in the UK
    • ", + "

    If your wedding or civil ceremony has been delayed because of COVID-19, you might still be able to request an extension or apply to extend your stay. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to work during your engagement.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for 2 years and 9 months on this visa. If you\u2019re applying as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner, you can stay for 6 months.

    ", + "

    After this you\u2019ll need to apply to extend your stay.

    ", + "

    If you extend or switch to this visa

    ", + "

    If you extend your family visa or switch to this visa you can stay in the UK for 2 years and 6 months.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re in the UK or not.

    ", + "

    Outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    In the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay the fee

    ", + "

    Fill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot pay the fee because you:

    ", + "
  • do not have a place to live and cannot afford one
    • ", + "
  • have a place to live but cannot afford essential living costs like food or heating
    • ", + "
  • have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing
    • ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Applying with your children

    ", + "

    You can add children to your application as dependants if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they are under 18 when you apply, or were under 18 when they were first granted leave
    • ", + "
  • they do not live an independent life
    • ", + "

    Your child is living an independent life if, for example, they\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.

    ", + "

    When you can settle permanently

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply to settle in the UK (called \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) is after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years continuously on a family visa as a partner.

    ", + "

    You cannot include time you\u2019ve spent in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on any other visa
    • ", + "
  • as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner
    • ", + "

    The rules are different if you applied before 9 July 2012.

    ", + "

    If you applied before 9 July 2012

    ", + "

    You can only extend your family visa if all the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you were given permission to stay in the UK as a partner before 9 July 2012
    • ", + "
  • you are not eligible to settle in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have not been granted or refused another visa
    • ", + "

    You must also prove that:

    ", + "
  • you and your partner have enough money to financially support yourself and your dependants without relying on public funds
    • ", + "
  • you have knowledge of English
    • ", + "

    Apply as a parent

    ", + "

    You can apply to live in the UK to care for your child.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible to apply as a partner, you must do that instead of applying as a parent.

    ", + "

    Your child must either:

    ", + "
  • be under 18 on the date you apply
    • ", + "
  • have been under 18 when you were first granted leave and not live an independent life
    • ", + "

    Your child is living an independent life if, for example, they\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.

    ", + "

    Your child must be living in the UK. One of the following must also be true:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re a British or Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ve settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re applying in the UK, they must have lived in the UK for 7 years continuously and it would not be reasonable for them to leave
    • ", + "

    If your child has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    If you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    Parental responsibility

    ", + "

    You need to have sole or shared parental responsibility for your child.

    ", + "

    If you share parental responsibility, the child\u2019s other parent must not be your partner. They must also either:

    ", + "
  • be a British or Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • have settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence
    • ", + "
  • be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021
    • ", + "

    If the child lives with their other parent or carer, you must have access to the child in person, as agreed with the other parent or carer or by a court order.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need to prove

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that you\u2019re taking an active role in your child\u2019s upbringing and you plan to continue after you apply. For example you could provide letters from your child\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • school confirming you take them to school or go to parent evenings
    • ", + "
  • doctor, dentist, or health visitor confirming that you take them to appointments
    • ", + "
  • other parent confirming how much contact you have with your child
    • ", + "

    If you provide a letter from the other parent, you\u2019ll need to include proof of their identity. This should be an official document which has their signature on it, for example a copy of their passport, tax return or photocard driving licence.

    ", + "

    English language and financial requirements

    ", + "

    You must also prove you:

    ", + "
  • have a good knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • can financially support yourself without claiming public funds
    • ", + "

    If your child or any other dependants live with you, you must also prove you can financially support them without claiming public funds.

    ", + "

    If you do not meet the English language and financial requirements you can still extend your permission to stay if:

    ", + "
  • your child in the UK is a British or Irish citizen or has lived in the UK for 7 years
    • ", + "
  • it would be unreasonable for them to leave the UK
    • ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for 2 years and 9 months on this visa. After this you\u2019ll need to apply to extend your stay.

    ", + "

    If you extend your family visa or switch to this visa you can stay in the UK for 2 years and 6 months.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re in the UK or not.

    ", + "

    Outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online outside the UK. You must also complete Appendix 5.

    ", + "

    In the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you cannot afford to pay the fee, you must also apply online to waive the fee. You might not have to pay the fee if you:

    ", + "
  • do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one
    • ", + "
  • have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating
    • ", + "
  • have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance for parents before applying.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Applying with other children

    ", + "

    You can add other children to your application as dependants if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • they are under 18 on the date you apply
    • ", + "
  • they were under 18 when they were first granted leave on a family visa and do not live an independent life
    • ", + "

    When you can settle permanently

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply to settle in the UK (called \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) is after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years continuously on a family visa as a parent.

    ", + "

    You cannot include time you\u2019ve spent in the UK on any other visa.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you applied before 9 July 2012.

    ", + "

    Apply as a child

    ", + "

    You can apply for a family visa to join your parent in the UK.

    ", + "

    You may not need a family visa if at least one of your parents has indefinite leave to remain or proof of permanent residence. Check if you can apply to settle in the UK.

    ", + "

    If your parent has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    If you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    You were born in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the same permission to stay as your parent if you were born in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • be added to your parent\u2019s next application as a dependant
    • ", + "
  • apply separately
    • ", + "

    To apply separately, you\u2019ll need to know what kind of permission to stay in the UK (\u2018limited leave to remain\u2019) your parent has.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 18

    ", + "

    Your parent can only include you in their application as a dependant if you:

    ", + "
  • got permission to come to or stay in the UK (\u2018leave to enter or remain\u2019) on a family visa when you were under 18
    • ", + "
  • do not live an independent life
    • ", + "
  • are applying from inside the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re living an independent life if, for example, you\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.

    ", + "

    You were born outside the UK

    ", + "

    Whether you can apply depends on your age and how your parent applied.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or living an independent life
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported without claiming public funds
    • ", + "

    One of your parents must also be applying or have applied for a visa or to extend their permission to stay as a:

    ", + "
  • partner - and the partner they\u2019re joining is your other parent
    • ", + "
  • parent - and they have sole parental responsibility for you
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, you might still be eligible to apply if there are serious reasons to let you come to, or stay in the UK and there are plans for your care.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 18

    ", + "

    Your parent can include you in their application as a dependant, or you can apply separately yourself. You can only apply if you:

    ", + "
  • got permission to stay in the UK (\u2018leave to remain\u2019) on a family visa when you were under 18
    • ", + "
  • do not live an independent life
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re living an independent life if, for example, you\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.

    ", + "

    If your parent cannot include you in their form and you\u2019re in the UK, you may be eligible to apply for Private Life in the UK (10-year route).

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.

    ", + "

    Apply at the same time as your parent

    ", + "

    Which form you need to fill in depends on whether your parent is applying to enter the UK as the partner of one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a British or Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • a person with indefinite leave to remain
    • ", + "
  • a person settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence
    • ", + "
  • a person from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein who has pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021
    • ", + "
  • a person with a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • a person with refugee status or humanitarian protection
    • ", + "

    If they are applying as one of these, you must fill in the Appendix FM online form.

    ", + "

    If they are not, you must fill in both:

    ", + "
  • the online application form
    • ", + "
  • the Appendix 1 paper form
    • ", + "

    Apply separately

    ", + "

    Which form you need to fill in depends on whether your parent has leave to enter or remain in the UK on a 5 or 10-year route to settlement as the partner of:

    ", + "
  • a British or Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • a person with indefinite leave to remain
    • ", + "
  • a person settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence
    • ", + "
  • a person from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein who has pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021
    • ", + "
  • a person with a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • a person with refugee status or humanitarian protection
    • ", + "

    If they do, you must fill in the Appendix FM online form.

    ", + "

    If they do not, you must fill in both:

    ", + "
  • the online application form
    • ", + "
  • the Appendix 1 paper form
    • ", + "

    Apply from the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already in the UK, you must apply online.

    ", + "

    Fill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot pay the fee because you:

    ", + "
  • do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one
    • ", + "
  • have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating
    • ", + "
  • have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing
    • ", + "

    You can also check if you\u2019re eligible for a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Apply as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply and need long-term care from a parent, grandchild, brother, sister, son or daughter who is living permanently in the UK.

    ", + "

    One of the following must also apply to the relative:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re a British or Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ve settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021
    • ", + "
  • they have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK
    • ", + "

    If your family member has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for a family permit.

    ", + "

    You must prove all of the following:

    ", + "
  • you need long-term care to do everyday personal and household tasks because of illness, disability or your age
    • ", + "
  • the care you need is not available or affordable in the country you live in
    • ", + "
  • the person you\u2019ll be joining in the UK will be able to support, accommodate and care for you without claiming public funds for at least 5 years
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "

    How long you can stay for

    ", + "

    How long you can stay depends on the status of your family member.

    ", + "

    If your family member is British, Irish or settled in the UK

    ", + "

    Your stay is unlimited. You will not need to apply to extend or settle.

    ", + "

    If your family member has pre-settled status

    ", + "

    They must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021. You can stay as long as your family member stays. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or settle when they do.

    ", + "

    If your family member has refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK

    ", + "

    You can stay as long as your family member stays. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or settle when they do.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.

    ", + "

    You must apply as an adult dependent relative online and complete Appendix 1.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your stay

    ", + "

    Apply online to extend your stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply on the basis of your private life

    ", + "

    You can only apply on the basis of your private life if you\u2019re already living in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • under 18 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously for at least 7 years, and it would be unreasonable to expect you to leave the UK
    • ", + "
  • between 18 and 24 and you\u2019ve lived continuously in the UK for more than half your life
    • ", + "
  • 18 or over, have spent less than 20 years in the UK and would have very significant problems living in the country you\u2019d have to go to - for example, you do not speak the language and could not learn it
    • ", + "
  • 25 or over and you\u2019ve been in the UK continuously for 20 years
    • ", + "

    Your family members can apply on the same application - you\u2019ll be considered separately.

    ", + "

    If you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay the application fee

    ", + "

    Fill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot afford to pay the fee because you:

    ", + "
  • do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one
    • ", + "
  • have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating
    • ", + "
  • have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing
    • ", + "

    Get help using a computer to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to prove it

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English or take a test if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a child
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK on a family visa for 5 years and you\u2019re extending it as a partner or parent
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re over 65
    • ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental condition that prevents you from meeting the requirement
    • ", + "

    You also will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    How to prove your knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You can prove it with an academic qualification, or by taking a test.

    ", + "

    Academic qualifications

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English if you have a degree or academic qualification that was taught or researched in English.

    ", + "

    If your qualification is from a UK university or college, you only need your degree certificate.

    ", + "

    If your qualification is from a university or college outside the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certificate from Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to show that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree or higher and that it was taught in English.

    ", + "

    There are 2 kinds of certificate:

    ", + "
  • a statement of comparability
    • ", + "
  • a visa and nationality statement
    • ", + "

    You need a statement of comparability if you got your qualification from a university or college in one of these countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    If you got your qualification from a university or college in any other country, you need a visa and nationality statement.

    ", + "

    Take an approved English language test

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by passing an approved English language test.

    ", + "

    You must pass at least level A1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale for your first visa application. You can choose to take a higher level test.

    ", + "

    If you pass level B1 level or higher, the test will be accepted if it\u2019s still on the list of approved English language tests when you apply for settlement after 5 years.

    ", + "

    If you cannot take an English language test because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to apply for an exemption. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    If you want to settle permanently in the UK within 5 years

    ", + "

    You may have to pass a higher CEFR level if you want to stay in the UK after 2.5 years. What you need to do depends on what CEFR level you passed for your first visa.

    ", + "

    If you passed:

    ", + "
  • level A1 you\u2019ll need to pass level A2 in speaking and listening
    • ", + "
  • level A2, B1, B2, C1 or C2 you can use the test again for your application if it\u2019s still on the list of approved English language tests
    • ", + "

    If you were given an exemption, you\u2019ll need to pass a test at level A1.

    ", + "

    Read the English language requirement: family members guidance.

    ", + "

    Give proof of your income

    ", + "

    You and your partner must have a combined income of at least \u00a318,600 a year if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a partner
    • ", + "
  • you want to settle in the UK (get \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) within 5 years
    • ", + "

    You must prove you have extra money if you have children who:

    ", + "
  • are not British or Irish citizens
    • ", + "
  • do not have pre-settled status
    • ", + "
  • are not permanently settled in the UK
    • ", + "

    You might not need to prove you have extra money if your children are citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland and they do not have pre-settled status or are not permanently settled in the UK. Check the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information.

    ", + "

    If you need to prove extra money for your children, you\u2019ll need to earn an extra:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,800 for your first child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,400 for each child you have after your first child
    • ", + "

    This is called the \u2018minimum income requirement\u2019.

    ", + "

    You may be able to use your savings instead of income.

    ", + "

    How you prove you have the money depends on how you got the income.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve experienced a loss of income because of coronavirus (COVID-19), for example if you\u2019ve been furloughed or you\u2019re self employed, you might still be able to apply. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    What counts as income

    ", + "

    You and your partner can use:

    ", + "
  • income from employment before tax and National Insurance (check your P60 or payslips) - you can only use your own income if you earn it in the UK
    • ", + "
  • income you earn from self-employment or as a director of a limited company in the UK - check your Self Assessment tax return
    • ", + "
  • cash savings above \u00a316,000
    • ", + "
  • money from a pension
    • ", + "
  • non-work income, for example from property rentals or dividends
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re using income from self-employment or employment, you\u2019ll need to prove you or your partner received that income for 6 months or more.

    ", + "

    What proof you need to give

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide proof of your income with your application. If you or your partner are employed, you could include:

    ", + "
  • bank statements showing you or your partner\u2019s income
    • ", + "
  • 6 months of payslips
    • ", + "
  • a letter from an employer, dated and on headed paper
    • ", + "

    The employer\u2019s letter should confirm:

    ", + "
  • you or your partner are employed there
    • ", + "
  • the job title or position you or your partner hold
    • ", + "
  • how long you or your partner have worked there
    • ", + "
  • the type of contract (for example, permanent, fixed term)
    • ", + "
  • what you or your partner earn before tax and National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • how long you or your partner have been paid your current salary
    • ", + "
  • the payslips are genuine
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told exactly what documents to provide when you apply online.

    ", + "

    Check the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement if:

    ", + "
  • you or your partner\u2019s income is more complicated
    • ", + "
  • you or your partner have taken maternity or paternity leave in the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • you want to combine different income sources
    • ", + "

    The detailed guidance also explains the evidence you need to provide for each of the types of income you\u2019re relying on.

    ", + "

    If you cannot meet the minimum income requirement

    ", + "

    You need to show you and your partner meet the minimum income requirement if you want to settle in 5 years as a partner.

    ", + "

    If you do not meet the requirement, you may be able to settle in 10 years.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to meet the income requirement

    ", + "

    You may be able to settle in 5 years without meeting the minimum income requirement if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a parent
    • ", + "
  • you get certain benefits, for example Disability Living Allowance or Carer\u2019s Allowance.
    • ", + "

    You need to show you and your family have enough money to adequately support and accommodate yourselves without relying on public funds. The caseworker considers your income and housing costs.

    ", + "

    Check the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information

    ", + "

    Information you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have information and some evidence ready when you make your application. Include information for you and any dependants applying at the same time.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • all your names
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your current passport or other valid travel ID
    • ", + "
  • copies of the photo page and any visa or entry stamps in your previous passports
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your biometric residence permit, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • details of any previous immigration applications you\u2019ve made
    • ", + "
  • details of any criminal convictions
    • ", + "
  • your national insurance number, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • your parents\u2019 date of birth and nationality if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "
  • a certified translation of any document that is not in English or Welsh
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa if you\u2019re applying outside the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need an email address to make an online application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to:

    ", + "
  • give proof of your finances
    • ", + "
  • prove your knowledge of English
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances - for example a sponsorship form from your family member in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to provide your documents when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to provide specified documents because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s details

    ", + "

    If you have a partner, you\u2019ll be asked about their:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • nationality
    • ", + "
  • passport
    • ", + "
  • right to be in the UK, for example they\u2019re a British citizen
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to give details of:

    ", + "
  • any people your partner was previously married to, in a civil partnership with or had children with
    • ", + "
  • evidence of marriages ending, for example a divorce certificate
    • ", + "
  • anyone your partner supports with money, for example their parents
    • ", + "

    Proof of relationship

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying as a spouse or partner, you\u2019ll be asked about:

    ", + "
  • your relationship with your partner, for example how you met and how often you see each other
    • ", + "
  • how long you\u2019ve lived together - you\u2019ll need to provide proof like council tax bills
    • ", + "
  • things you pay for together
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re your partner\u2019s carer
    • ", + "

    Your previous partners

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include details of anyone you previously married or had children with. Include evidence of marriages ending, for example a divorce certificate.

    ", + "

    Children

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give details of your children (and your partner\u2019s children if you have one). You\u2019ll be asked about all children, even if they\u2019re not applying.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give details of:

    ", + "
  • their name
    • ", + "
  • their nationality
    • ", + "
  • their date of birth
    • ", + "
  • their passport details
    • ", + "
  • who the child normally lives with
    • ", + "
  • any other people with parental responsibility for your child, for example your step children\u2019s other parents
    • ", + "
  • how you\u2019re involved in their day to day life
    • ", + "
  • arrangements you have to see the child - for example the courts have granted you access
    • ", + "
  • the child\u2019s extended family
    • ", + "
  • any countries your child has visited or lived in
    • ", + "

    Your life outside the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give details of:

    ", + "
  • countries outside the UK you\u2019ve lived in and visited
    • ", + "
  • family and friends in the countries where you were born or have nationality
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to attend an appointment to provide your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo). You\u2019ll be told how to make an appointment when you apply.

    ", + "

    Getting your documents back

    ", + "

    You can ask for your passport and other documents to be returned if you\u2019ve provided them with your application but need them urgently.

    ", + "

    You might have to cancel your application to get your documents back.

    ", + "

    If your application is approved

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a biometric residence permit.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "

    You cannot work or study if you\u2019re applying for a visa or extending your stay to get married or become civil partners.

    ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • usually get benefits or other public funds for you or your dependants
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle in the UK until you\u2019re eligible
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Apply for a permit to join your EU or EEA family member in the UK", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/family-permit", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a permit to come to the UK if you\u2019re the family member of either:

    ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018person of Northern Ireland\u2019
    • ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    The family of some British citizens can also get a permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    There are 2 different family permits:

    ", + "
  • the EU Settlement Scheme family permit
    • ", + "
  • the EEA family permit
    • ", + "

    What family permits are for

    ", + "

    A family permit makes it easier to travel with your family member to the UK or to join them there.

    ", + "

    It lets you come to the UK for up to 6 months. You can work and study, and come and go as many times as you want.

    ", + "

    Without one, you might not get a boarding pass or may be refused entry into the UK.

    ", + "

    You can stay longer in the UK if you\u2019re eligible for the EU Settlement Scheme. You can either:

    ", + "
  • apply for a family permit before you come to the UK, and then apply to the EU Settlement Scheme once you\u2019re here
    • ", + "
  • apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK, if you\u2019re eligible to do so
    • ", + "

    EU Settlement Scheme family permit

    ", + "

    You can apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit if you\u2019re the close family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who was living in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    Find out more about applying for an EUSS family permit to join an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.

    ", + "

    You can also apply:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019ve lived in the EU, EEA or Switzerland with an eligible family member who\u2019s a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • if you have the right to stay in the UK as the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has died, left the UK, is no longer your spouse or civil partner or with whom the family relationship has broken down - this is called \u2018retained right of residence\u2019
    • ", + "

    EEA family permit

    ", + "

    The EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later. To come to the UK after 30 June 2021, you might be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    You can apply for an EEA family permit if you\u2019re the close family member or unmarried partner of a person from the EU, EEA or Switzerland. Your family relationship must have started by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    If you apply for an EEA family permit and do not get a decision by 30 June 2021, you\u2019ll need to apply for a different way to travel to the UK, such as an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    Find out more about applying for the EEA family permit to join an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible for an EEA family permit:

    ", + "
  • with a \u2018derivative right of residence\u2019 - you might have this if you\u2019re the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss dependant, the primary carer\u2019s child, or the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who previously worked in the UK
    • ", + "
  • if you can make a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application after living in an EEA country or Switzerland with a British family member
    • ", + "
  • with a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019 - you might have this if you have the right to stay in the UK as the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has died, left the UK or is no longer your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Both family permits are free.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, check how long your permit lasts and when you can apply to stay longer in the UK.

    ", + "

    EU Settlement Scheme family permit: join an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen

    ", + "

    You can apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the eligible family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, or a \u2018person of Northern Ireland\u2019
    • ", + "
  • your family relationship began by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • your family member was living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • your family member is in the UK already or traveling with you to the UK within 6 months of your application
    • ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    Children who were born or adopted after 31 December 2020 may also be eligible, if they\u2019re the child of either:

    ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "

    Eligible family members

    ", + "

    You can join your:

    ", + "
  • spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • child or grandchild aged under 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent child or grandchild of any age
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    This includes family members who were adopted under an adoption order that\u2019s recognised in UK law.

    ", + "

    Spouses and civil partners of Swiss citizens

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re married to or in a civil partnership with an eligible Swiss citizen, the rules are different.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be eligible if:

    ", + "
  • you got engaged or formed your partnership after 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still together when you apply
    • ", + "

    Who you can join

    ", + "

    The person you\u2019re joining must be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • a person of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • someone who lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before also getting British citizenship
    • ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who is exempt from immigration control
    • ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who travels regularly to work in the UK but lives outside of the UK (also known as a \u2018frontier worker\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a British citizen who also has dual EU, EEA or Swiss nationality and was settled in the UK before 16 July 2012 without using their free movement rights (also known as a \u2018McCarthy\u2019 case)
    • ", + "

    Your family member must meet the eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme even if they have not applied or cannot apply. This means that they:

    ", + "
  • were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • pass criminal record checks
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re joining a person of Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    To be an eligible person of Northern Ireland, the person you\u2019re joining must:

    ", + "
  • have been born in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • have British, Irish or dual British and Irish citizenship
    • ", + "

    At the time of your family member\u2019s birth, one of their parents must have been:

    ", + "
  • a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • a Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • a dual British and Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • entitled to reside in Northern Ireland with no restriction on their period of residence
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re joining an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who lived in the UK before getting British citizenship

    ", + "

    To be eligible the person you\u2019re joining must:

    ", + "
  • be an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • have become a naturalised British citizen after working, studying or being self-sufficient in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re joining an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who is exempt from immigration control

    ", + "

    The person you\u2019re joining must be:

    ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • exempt from immigration control
    • ", + "

    They cannot also be a British citizen.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re joining a frontier worker

    ", + "

    The person you\u2019re joining must:

    ", + "
  • be an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • have been working in the UK by 31 December 2020 as an employee or self-employed person
    • ", + "
  • be primarily resident in another country that is not the UK
    • ", + "
  • have been a frontier worker continuously since 1 January 2021
    • ", + "

    They cannot also be a British citizen.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your relationship to your EEA family member, for example a marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or birth certificate
    • ", + "

    You can provide a valid national identity card instead of your passport if you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.

    ", + "

    If the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen family member you are joining has applied to the EU Settlement Scheme you must provide their application number.

    ", + "

    If they have not applied to the EU Settlement Scheme you must provide both:

    ", + "
  • their valid EU, EEA or Swiss passport or national identity card
    • ", + "
  • evidence that they would be eligible for the EU Settlement Scheme if they had applied
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to show that they meet the other eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme even if they cannot apply - for example, if they have British as well as EU, EEA or Swiss citizenship.

    ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re a spouse or civil partner

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a spouse or civil partner, you must show that you were engaged or formed a civil partnership by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    To do this, you must provide either:

    ", + "
  • a marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "
  • a document issued under the EEA regulations as the spouse or civil partner of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen - for example a family permit or residence card
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re married to or in civil partnership with a Swiss citizen who was resident in the UK by 31 December 2020, the rules are different. You may be eligible if you got married or entered into your partnership any time before 1 January 2026, and the relationship still exists when you apply.

    ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re an unmarried partner

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an unmarried partner you\u2019ll need to provide evidence that you were in your long-term relationship by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    This usually means showing that you had been living together for 2 years. Evidence could include:

    ", + "
  • bank statements, utility bills or official correspondence that shows you and your partner at the same address
    • ", + "
  • documents showing joint finances, like a tax return
    • ", + "
  • birth certificates or custody agreements showing that you shared responsibility for children while living together
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide evidence that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re still together when you apply
    • ", + "
  • if you were resident in the UK before 1 January 2021, evidence that you were legally resident during that time
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re a dependent child, grandchild, parent or grandparent

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to provide evidence that you\u2019re related to your EU, EEA or Swiss family member, such as a birth certificate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to show that you are dependent on them if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re over 21 and a dependent child or grandchild of your family member
    • ", + "
  • your family member is under 18 and you\u2019re their dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    Examples of the evidence you can provide include:

    ", + "
  • bank statements or money transfers that show you depend on them financially
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you depend on them for health care, for example a letter from a hospital consultant
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a dependent parent or grandparent, you will not need to show dependency if your spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner has successfully applied for either:

    ", + "
  • an EU Settlement Scheme family permit
    • ", + "
  • the EU Settlement Scheme as the dependent parent of your EEA family member
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re the family member of a person of Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a birth certificate or passport showing that your family member was born in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If they qualify as an Irish citizen alone, you must provide their original passport or national identity card and not a copy.

    ", + "

    You must also provide evidence that, at the time of your family member\u2019s birth, one of their parents was:

    ", + "
  • a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • a Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • a dual British and Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • entitled to reside in Northern Ireland with no restriction on their period of residence
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re joining a person who is exempt from immigration control

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence showing that:

    ", + "
  • they are exempt from immigration controls, for example a letter from a UK or foreign ministry
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019d meet the other eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme if they made an application before 1 July 2021 (even though they cannot actually apply)
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re joining a frontier worker

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide their frontier worker permit, or evidence that shows that they would be issued one if they applied.

    ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re joining a person with dual citizenship

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence that shows:

    ", + "
  • your family member is a British citizen - for example a copy of their passport
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019d meet the other eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme if they made an application before 1 July 2021, even though they cannot apply
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying on the grounds that your family member was settled in the UK before 16 July 2012\nwithout using their free movement rights (also known as a \u2018McCarthy\u2019 case), you\u2019ll have to show that on 16 July 2012 you had either:

    ", + "
  • a right of permanent residence in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a document issued under EEA regulations, for example a residence card
    • ", + "

    Apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no deadline for applications.

    ", + "

    EU Settlement Scheme family permit: join a British citizen

    ", + "

    You can apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK before 29 March 2022 if you\u2019ve lived in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland with an eligible family member who\u2019s a British citizen.

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    You must have lived with them in that country before 1 January 2021, and be:

    ", + "
  • their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • under 21 years old, and are their child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • 21 years or older, and are their dependent child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • their dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "
  • another dependent relative
    • ", + "

    This includes family members who were adopted under an adoption order that\u2019s recognised in UK law.

    ", + "

    The country that you lived in together must have been your main residence. Your British family member must also have been working (including on a posting with HM Armed Forces), studying or self-sufficient in the country while there.

    ", + "

    The relationship with your family member must have existed before 1 February 2020 for you to be eligible to apply, unless you have reasonable grounds for not returning to the UK before 1 January 2021.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must provide:

    ", + "
  • your valid passport (or ID card if you are an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen)
    • ", + "
  • your British family member\u2019s valid passport
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your relationship to your British family member, such as a marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or birth certificate
    • ", + "

    Both you and your British family member must provide documents proving that you lived in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) as your main residence. The documents must show:

    ", + "
  • that you\u2019ve lived together in that country
    • ", + "
  • your addresses
    • ", + "
  • time spent living at each address
    • ", + "
  • any proof of renting or buying a home
    • ", + "

    You must also provide proof that your British family member was working, self-employed, self-sufficient or studying in the country where you\u2019ve lived together.

    ", + "

    Examples of proof include employer\u2019s letters, wage slips, contracts, bank statements, proof of tax registration, or proof of enrolment and attendance for study.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a dependent child, grandchild, parent or grandparent or relative

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide proof of your dependency if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a dependent child or grandchild of your British family member, or their spouse or civil partner, and you\u2019re over 21
    • ", + "
  • a dependent parent or grandparent of your British family member, or their spouse or civil partner, and they are under 18
    • ", + "
  • another relative and you are dependent on your British family member, or their spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "

    Apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no deadline for applications.

    ", + "

    EU Settlement Scheme family permit: retained right of residence

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit if you previously had a right to reside in the UK either:

    ", + "
  • as the family member of an EU, EEA, Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • from living in the EU, EEA or Switzerland with a British citizen
    • ", + "

    This is called a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019. You may have it if:

    ", + "
  • your eligible family member died
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re their child, they died or left the UK, and you are in education in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a child with them, they died or left the UK, and the child is in education in the UK
    • ", + "
  • they divorced you or a member of your family
    • ", + "
  • the relationship has broken down because of domestic abuse or violence
    • ", + "

    You must also meet other requirements to be eligible for a retained right of residence - read how applications are decided.

    ", + "

    If your family member has died

    ", + "

    You can apply if you lived continuously in the UK as their family member for at least one year immediately before their death.

    ", + "

    You can also apply if:

    ", + "
  • you lived in the UK as their family member immediately before their death
    • ", + "
  • they were resident in the UK as a worker or self employed person at the time of their death
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019d been resident as a worker or self employed person for at least two years
    • ", + "

    If they died as the result of an accident at work or occupational disease, they do not have to have been resident for 2 years.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in education in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re in education in the UK and one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child of an eligible EU, EEA, Swiss or British citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "
  • one of your parents is the spouse or civil partner of an eligible EU, EEA, Swiss or British citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "
  • one of your parents was previously the spouse or civil partner of an eligible EU, EEA, Swiss or British citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "

    If you qualify through any of these circumstances, your parent may also be eligible if they have custody of you.

    ", + "

    If you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    You can apply if you stopped being the family member of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen after their marriage or civil partnership ended with a divorce, annulment or dissolution, and you lived in the UK when it ended.

    ", + "

    One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • the marriage or civil partnership lasted for at least 3 years and the couple had both been living in the UK for at least one year during that time
    • ", + "
  • you have custody of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child
    • ", + "
  • you have been given right of access in the UK to the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child and the child is under 18
    • ", + "
  • you or another family member was the victim of domestic violence or abuse in the marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "

    You can also apply if a family member had an eligible marriage or civil partnership and you lived in the UK when it ended. You must be their:

    ", + "
  • child or grandchild under 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • dependent child or grandchild over the age of 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    If you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence

    ", + "

    You can apply if your family relationship with an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen has broken down permanently because of domestic abuse or violence.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you are or were their:

    ", + "
  • spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • child or grandchild under 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • dependent child or grandchild over the age of 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must provide:

    ", + "
  • your family member\u2019s valid passport
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your relationship to them, for example a marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have been continuously resident in the UK
    • ", + "

    You can provide a valid national identity card instead of their passport if they\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.

    ", + "

    You must also provide evidence that your family member meets the eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme, even if they cannot apply.

    ", + "

    Evidence if your family member has died

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to provide:

    ", + "
  • their death certificate and cause of death
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your and your family member\u2019s residence in the UK
    • ", + "
  • evidence of their employment, if they were employed
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re in education in the UK

    ", + "

    Where appropriate, you will have to provide evidence that:

    ", + "
  • your family member died - for example, a death certificate
    • ", + "
  • you were in education in the UK at the time your family member died or left the UK, and that you still are
    • ", + "
  • your family member left the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have custody of the child of the family member who died or left the UK
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    Where appropriate, you will have to provide evidence that:

    ", + "
  • the marriage or civil partnership ended in divorce, annulment or dissolution
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019d been living together in the UK for at least a year
    • ", + "
  • you have custody of or the right of access to the child of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • domestic violence or abuse took place
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence

    ", + "

    You will have to provide evidence that:

    ", + "
  • the family relationship has broken down permanently as a result of domestic violence or abuse
    • ", + "
  • you were resident in the UK when that family relationship broke down
    • ", + "

    Apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no deadline for applications.

    ", + "

    EEA family permit

    ", + "

    The EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later. To come to the UK after 30 June 2021, you might be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    You can still apply for an EEA family permit if you\u2019re the close family member or unmarried partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who is a qualified person or has a right of permanent residence in the UK.

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    Apply to the EU Settlement Scheme family permit instead if your family member has or is eligible for \u2018settled\u2019 or \u2018pre-settled\u2019 status under the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Family members you can join

    ", + "

    You must be their:

    ", + "
  • spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • unmarried partner in a lasting relationship
    • ", + "
  • child or grandchild aged under 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent child or grandchild of any age
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    This includes family members who were adopted under an adoption order that\u2019s recognised in UK law.

    ", + "

    Your family relationship must have started by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    The family member you\u2019re joining must:

    ", + "
  • have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • have been working, looking for work, studying or self-sufficient while living here
    • ", + "
  • have a right of permanent residence in the UK
    • ", + "

    Extended family members

    ", + "

    You can no longer apply for an EEA family permit if you are the extended family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, for example their:

    ", + "
  • brother or sister
    • ", + "
  • aunt or uncle
    • ", + "
  • cousin
    • ", + "
  • niece or nephew
    • ", + "

    Unmarried partners in a lasting relationship (\u2018durable partners\u2019) can continue to apply for EEA family permits until 30 June 2021. The permit will not be valid after 30 June 2021, even if the expiry date on it is later.

    ", + "

    Other ways to get an EEA family permit

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible:

    ", + "
  • with a \u2018derivative right of residence\u2019 - you might have this if you\u2019re the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, the primary carer\u2019s child, or the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who previously worked in the UK
    • ", + "
  • if you can make a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application after living in an EU, EEA country or Switzerland with a British family member
    • ", + "
  • with a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019 - you might have this if you have the right to stay in the UK as the family member of EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has died, left the UK or is no longer your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "

    You must also have had the right to reside in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport
    • ", + "
  • 2 passport size colour photographs
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your relationship to your family member \u2013 for example a birth certificate, marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or proof that you\u2019ve lived together for 2 years
    • ", + "
  • your family member\u2019s valid passport or national identity card (or a certified copy if you cannot provide the original)
    • ", + "
  • evidence that your EU, EEA or Swiss citizen family member was resident in the UK by 31 December 2020\nIf your family member has been in the UK for more than 3 months, you must show that they have a permanent residence document or provide evidence that they are:
    • ", + "
  • working - for example an employment contract, wage slips or a letter from an employer
    • ", + "
  • self-employed - for example contracts, invoices or audited accounts with bank statements
    • ", + "
  • studying - for example a letter from the school, college or university
    • ", + "
  • financially independent (\u2018self-sufficient\u2019) - for example bank statements
    • ", + "

    Your partner must have full health insurance (comprehensive sickness insurance) if they\u2019re studying or self-sufficient.

    ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re a dependent relative

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to provide evidence that you\u2019re related to your family member, such as a birth certificate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to show that you are dependent on them, for example:

    ", + "
  • bank statements or money transfers that show you depend on them financially
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you depend on them for health care, for example a letter from a hospital consultant
    • ", + "

    See more examples of each type of evidence.

    ", + "

    Apply for an EEA family permit

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an EEA family permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    EEA family permit: Surinder Singh

    ", + "

    The EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later. To come to the UK after 30 June 2021, you might be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    You can apply for an EEA family permit if you\u2019ve lived in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland with an eligible family member who\u2019s a British citizen. This is also known as a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application.

    ", + "

    You must have lived with them in that country before 1 January 2021, and be:

    ", + "
  • their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner (\u2018durable partner\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • under 21 years old, and are their child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • 21 years or older, and are their dependent child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • their dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    This includes family members who were adopted under an adoption order that\u2019s recognised in UK law.

    ", + "

    The country that you lived in together must have been your main residence. Your British family member must also have been working, studying or self-sufficient in the country while there.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for an EEA family permit you must prove that:

    ", + "
  • your British family member was resident in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland and was either a worker, a self-employed person, a self-sufficient person, a student, or a person with a right of permanent residence in that country
    • ", + "
  • you were lawfully resident in that EEA country or Switzerland with your British family member
    • ", + "
  • your family member returned to the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must provide:

    ", + "
  • your valid passport (or ID card if you are an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen)
    • ", + "
  • your British family member\u2019s valid passport
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your relationship to your British family member, such as a marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or birth certificate
    • ", + "

    You must also provide proof that your British family member was working, self-employed, self-sufficient or studying in the EEA country where you\u2019ve lived together.

    ", + "

    Examples of proof include employer\u2019s letters, wage slips, contracts, bank statements, proof of tax registration, or proof of enrolment and attendance for study.

    ", + "

    Check the other evidence you usually need for an EEA family permit.

    ", + "

    Make a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application for an EEA family permit

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an EEA family permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    EEA family permit: retained right of residence

    ", + "

    The EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later. To come to the UK after 30 June 2021, you might be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for an EEA family permit if you previously had a right to reside in the UK either:

    ", + "
  • as the family member of an EU, EEA, Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • from living in the EU, EEA or Switzerland with a British citizen
    • ", + "

    This is called a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019. You may have it if:

    ", + "
  • your eligible family member died
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re their child, they died or left the UK, and you are in education in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a child with them, they died or left the UK, and the child is in education in the UK
    • ", + "
  • they divorced you or a member of your family
    • ", + "
  • the relationship has broken down because of domestic abuse or violence
    • ", + "

    You must also meet other requirements to be eligible for a retained right of residence - read how applications are decided.

    ", + "

    If your family member has died

    ", + "

    You can apply if you lived continuously in the UK as their family member for at least one year immediately before their death.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in education in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re in education in the UK and one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "
  • one of your parents is the spouse or civil partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "
  • one of your parents was previously the spouse or civil partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "

    If you qualify through any of these circumstances, your parent is also eligible for retained right of residence if they have custody of you.

    ", + "

    If you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    You can apply if your marriage or civil partnership to an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen ended with a divorce, annulment or dissolution, and you lived in the UK when it ended.

    ", + "

    One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • the marriage or civil partnership lasted for at least 3 years and you\u2019d both been living in the UK for at least one year during that time
    • ", + "
  • you have custody of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child
    • ", + "
  • you have been given right of access in the UK to the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child - the child must be under 18
    • ", + "
  • you or another family member was the victim of domestic abuse in the marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "

    You can also apply if a family member had an eligible marriage or civil partnership and you lived in the UK when it ended. You must be their:

    ", + "
  • child or grandchild under 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • dependent child or grandchild over the age of 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    If you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence

    ", + "

    You can apply if your family relationship with an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen has broken down permanently because of domestic abuse or violence.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you are or were their:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • unmarried partner (\u2018durable partner\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • child or grandchild under 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • dependent child or grandchild over the age of 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You will need to provide evidence proving:

    ", + "
  • your eligibility
    • ", + "
  • your family member\u2019s eligibility
    • ", + "
  • your relationship
    • ", + "

    Check the evidence you usually need for an EEA family permit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide extra evidence depending on how you\u2019re claiming your retained right of residence.

    ", + "

    Evidence if your family member has died

    ", + "

    Where appropriate, you\u2019ll also have to provide:

    ", + "
  • their death certificate and cause of death
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you and your family member were living in the UK for a year before their death
    • ", + "
  • evidence of their employment, if they were employed
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re in education in the UK

    ", + "

    Where appropriate, you\u2019ll also have to provide evidence that:

    ", + "
  • your family member died
    • ", + "
  • your family member left the UK
    • ", + "
  • you were in education in the UK at the time your family member died or left the UK, and that you still are
    • ", + "
  • you have custody of the child of the family member who died or left the UK
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    Where appropriate, you\u2019ll also have to provide evidence that:

    ", + "
  • the marriage or civil partnership ended in divorce, annulment or dissolution
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019d been living together in the UK for at least a year
    • ", + "
  • you have custody of or the right of access to the child of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • domestic violence or abuse took place
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence

    ", + "

    You will have to provide evidence that:

    ", + "
  • the relevant family relationship has broken down permanently as a result of domestic violence or abuse
    • ", + "
  • you were resident in the UK when that family relationship broke down
    • ", + "

    Make a retained right of residence application for a family permit

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an EEA family permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    EEA family permit: derivative right of residence

    ", + "

    The EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a family permit if you have a \u2018derivative right of residence\u2019 as the:

    ", + "
  • primary carer of an EU, EEA or Swiss child in the UK who is financially independent (\u2018self-sufficient\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • child of an EU, EEA or Swiss former worker and you\u2019re currently in education in the UK
    • ", + "
  • primary carer of a child of an EU, EEA or Swiss former worker and the child is currently in education in the UK
    • ", + "
  • primary carer of a British child who is residing in the UK and would be forced to leave if their primary carer wasn\u2019t in the UK
    • ", + "
  • primary carer of a British dependent adult who is residing in the UK and would be forced to leave if their primary carer wasn\u2019t in the UK
    • ", + "
  • child of a primary carer who qualifies through one of these categories
    • ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    As a \u2018primary carer\u2019, you have responsibility for the day to day care of a person, including making decisions about their education, health, and finances. You must be a family member or their legal guardian, and can be their main carer or share that responsibility with someone else.

    ", + "

    Find out more about derivative rights of residence in the caseworker guidance:

    ", + "
  • Ibrahim-Teixeira cases
    • ", + "
  • Ruiz Zambrano cases
    • ", + "
  • Chen cases
    • ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You will need to provide evidence proving:

    ", + "
  • your eligibility
    • ", + "
  • your family member\u2019s eligibility
    • ", + "
  • your relationship
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide information about the person you care for, including proof:

    ", + "
  • that they\u2019re dependent on you, and were before 1 January 2021, such as court orders or details of care responsibilities
    • ", + "
  • that they\u2019re living in the UK, such as tenancy agreements, utility bills or bank statements
    • ", + "
  • that children who are EU, EEA or Swiss citizens are financially independent (\u2018self-sufficient\u2019) and have full health insurance (\u2018comprehensive sickness insurance\u2019) in the UK
    • ", + "

    You may also need to provide extra evidence depending on how you\u2019re claiming your derivative right of residence.

    ", + "

    Children of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizens who used to work in the UK

    ", + "

    You must show that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in education in the UK, for example a letter from the school
    • ", + "
  • you were in the UK when your EU, EEA or Swiss parent was working in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you were in education in the UK at a time when your EU, EEA or Swiss parent was also present in the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Make a derivative right of residence application for a family permit

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an EEA family permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    After you get a family permit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to use your EUSS family permit to come and go from the UK as many times as you want. It also allows you to work or study in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you get an EEA family permit you can only use it until 30 June 2021, even if the expiry date on it is later.

    ", + "

    When you arrive in the UK

    ", + "

    You can use an automatic ePassport gate if you have a family permit and you\u2019re from:

    ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • the EEA
    • ", + "
  • Japan
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Singapore
    • ", + "
  • South Korea
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, see a border control officer instead. They will check your permit.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    If you applied for an EEA family permit on or before 30 December 2020, it will be valid for 6 months. If you applied after that, it will stop being valid on 30 June 2021, even if the expiry date on it is later.

    ", + "

    An EUSS family permit is valid for 6 months, unless:

    ", + "
  • you plan to arrive in the UK on or after 1 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • your application is approved more than three months ahead of your planned arrival date
    • ", + "

    In this case, it\u2019s valid for 4 months from your planned arrival date.

    ", + "

    Staying in the UK after your family permit expires

    ", + "

    There will be no change to the residence rights and status of EU, EEA or Swiss citizens resident in the UK by 31 December 2020, and their family members, until 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living in the UK after your family permit expires. You must apply on or before 30 June 2021, or within 3 months of when you first arrive in the UK, whichever is later.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply later if you can show \u2018reasonable grounds\u2019 (such as medical reasons, or being the victim of domestic abuse) for why you could not apply by the deadline.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Apply to settle in the UK if your partner dies", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/visas-partner-dies", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview and fees

    ", + "

    You may be eligible to apply for settlement (indefinite leave to remain in the UK) if your partner has died. Your partner must have either:

    ", + "
  • been a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • had indefinite leave to remain in the UK
    • ", + "
  • been from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and had pre-settled status
    • ", + "

    Your permission to be in the UK must have been based on being their partner as part of a family visa. A \u2018partner\u2019 is one of the following:

    ", + "
  • your spouse (husband or wife)
    • ", + "
  • your civil partner
    • ", + "
  • someone you were living with in a relationship that\u2019s like a marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply any time after your partner\u2019s death. You do not have to wait until your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You must be in the UK when you apply.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    The application fee is \u00a32,389.

    ", + "

    You also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    If you have family members applying for settlement with you, you\u2019ll need to pay the \u00a32,389 application fee and the \u00a319.20 biometric information fee for each person.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    Getting indefinite leave to remain means you can continue to live and work in the UK for as long as you like. It will also mean you\u2019re eligible:

    ", + "
  • to work in any job
    • ", + "
  • to run a business
    • ", + "
  • for public services, such as healthcare and schools
    • ", + "
  • for public funds and pensions
    • ", + "
  • for British citizenship, if you meet the requirements
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your permission to be in the UK must be based on your relationship.

    ", + "

    Before your partner died, you must have got a family visa as their partner (but not as their fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner).

    ", + "

    When your partner died, you must have:

    ", + "
  • been living together in the UK
    • ", + "
  • intended to live together permanently in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your partner must not have been living permanently in any another country.

    ", + "

    You do not need to take the Life in the UK Test or prove your English language skills.

    ", + "

    When your application can be refused

    ", + "

    Your application might be refused if, for example, you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • got a criminal record in the UK or another country
    • ", + "
  • provided false or incomplete information to the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • broken UK immigration law
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on why applications can be refused.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel identification
    • ", + "
  • any previous passports you\u2019ve had while living in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your biometric residence permit, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • your police registration certificate (unless\u00a0you did not need to register)
    • ", + "
  • your partner\u2019s death certificate
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship, for example your certificate of marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • proof that you and your partner were living together
    • ", + "

    Proof that you were living together

    ", + "

    You need documents to show that you lived with your partner until they died, starting from when you got permission to be in the UK as their partner.

    ", + "

    Provide 6 official documents addressed to both of you, or each of you individually, at the same address.

    ", + "

    Include as many different types of documents as you can, for example:

    ", + "
  • gas, water or electricity bills
    • ", + "
  • telephone bills
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax bills
    • ", + "
  • bank statements and letters
    • ", + "
  • letters from a government department
    • ", + "
  • letters about your TV Licence
    • ", + "
  • tenancy agreements
    • ", + "
  • mortgage agreement or statements
    • ", + "
  • letters from your GP, a hospital or health service
    • ", + "

    You do not need to take the Life in the UK Test or prove your English language skills.

    ", + "

    Applying for your children

    ", + "

    Your children may be eligible to get settlement (indefinite leave to remain in the UK) at the same time as you.

    ", + "

    You can include your children as \u2018dependants\u2019 on your application form if all the following are true:

    ", + "
  • they have permission to be in the UK based on being your partner\u2019s dependant
    • ", + "
  • they were under 18 when this permission was given - it does not matter if they\u2019ve turned 18 since
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re going to live with you in the UK
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ll have somewhere to live and be financially supported without using public funds
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    If your children do not meet these conditions, they may still be able to apply separately. Find out if they can apply to settle in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your child\u2019s application can be refused, for example if they\u2019ve broken UK immigration law. Read the guidance on why applications can be refused.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide for your children

    ", + "

    For each child you include on your application form, you must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel identification
    • ", + "
  • a birth certificate if they were born in the UK
    • ", + "
  • their biometric residence permit, if they have one
    • ", + "
  • their police registration certificate if they\u2019re 16 or over (unless\u00a0they did not need to register)
    • ", + "
  • proof they live permanently with you, for example letters from your child\u2019s school or doctor
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online. You need to be in the UK when you apply.

    ", + "

    Get help using a computer to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with:

    ", + "
  • accessing a computer or the internet
    • ", + "
  • finding the right information on GOV.UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot get advice on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re eligible to apply
    • ", + "
  • what information to put in your application
    • ", + "
  • an application you\u2019ve already made
    • ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Any children aged 6 or over must provide biometric information if you\u2019re applying for them on your form.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told whether your application has been successful within 6 months.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Apply to the EU Settlement Scheme (settled and pre-settled status)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settled-status-eu-citizens-families", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, you and your family can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living in the UK after 30 June 2021. You can also apply if you\u2019re the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either settled or pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    You may be able to stay in the UK without applying - for example, if you\u2019re an Irish citizen or already have indefinite leave to remain.

    ", + "

    Sign up for email updates about the scheme.

    ", + "

    When you can apply

    ", + "

    The EU Settlement Scheme is open. You can apply now if you meet the criteria.

    ", + "

    The deadline for applying is 30 June 2021. You must usually have started living in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    The deadlines are different in some situations, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying to join a close family member
    • ", + "
  • the family member of a British citizen (\u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 applications)
    • ", + "
  • you stop being exempt from immigration control
    • ", + "

    Which status you get may depend on when you apply.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply to the scheme.

    ", + "

    Who should apply

    ", + "

    Except in a few cases, you need to apply if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, but your family member is (or is an eligible person of Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    This means you need to apply even if you:

    ", + "
  • were born in the UK but are not a British citizen - you can check if you\u2019re a British citizen if you\u2019re not sure
    • ", + "
  • have a UK \u2018permanent residence document\u2019
    • ", + "
  • are a family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who does not need to apply - including if they\u2019re from Ireland
    • ", + "
  • are an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen with a British citizen family member
    • ", + "

    If you have children, you need to apply for them separately.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen and you have a family member who is an eligible person of Northern Ireland, you may be able to choose which way you apply.

    ", + "

    Who else can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply to join your EU, EEA or Swiss family member if they started living in the UK by 31 December 2020. You can either:

    ", + "
  • apply from outside the UK, if you have a certain type of passport, identity card or residence document
    • ", + "
  • come to the UK on an EU Settlement Scheme family permit and apply to the settlement scheme once you\u2019re here
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply to the EU settlement scheme from inside the UK if you arrived after 31 December 2020 and you\u2019re here:

    ", + "
  • on a Standard Visitor visa, Permitted Paid Engagement visa, Parent of a Child Student visa or Transit visa
    • ", + "
  • without a visa, for example if you came through an e-passport gate
    • ", + "

    You also cannot apply if you\u2019re here on a Marriage Visitor visa, unless you\u2019re applying after you have married or entered into a civil partnership with the EU, EEA or Swiss person you\u2019re joining.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply to the settlement scheme. If they choose to, they can apply from within the UK regardless of how they entered.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen

    ", + "

    You also may be able to apply if:

    ", + "
  • you used to have an EU, EEA or Swiss family member living in the UK (but you\u2019ve separated, they\u2019ve died or the family relationship has broken down)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the family member of a British citizen and you lived outside the UK in an EEA country together
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the family member of a British citizen who also has EU, EEA or Swiss citizenship and who lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before getting British citizenship
    • ", + "
  • you have a family member who is an eligible person of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who used to live and work in the UK, or the child\u2019s primary carer
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the family member of a \u2018frontier worker\u2019
    • ", + "

    Who does not need to apply

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply if you have:

    ", + "
  • indefinite leave to enter the UK
    • ", + "
  • indefinite leave to remain in the UK
    • ", + "
  • Irish citizenship (including British and Irish \u2018dual citizenship\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply if you have British citizenship.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen and you moved to the UK before it joined the EU

    ", + "

    You only need to apply if you do not have indefinite leave to remain. \nIf you do have indefinite leave to remain, you\u2019ll usually have a stamp in your passport or a letter from the Home Office saying this.

    ", + "

    If you work in the UK but do not live here (\u2018frontier worker\u2019)

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if you\u2019re a \u2018frontier worker\u2019 or have a Frontier Worker permit.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re exempt from immigration control

    ", + "

    You do not need to do anything to continue living in the UK while you\u2019re exempt from immigration control.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have been told if you\u2019re exempt from immigration control, for example because you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a foreign diplomat posted in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a member of NATO
    • ", + "

    You can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme at any time, as long as you started living in the UK by 31 December 2020. Your privileges and immunities may change if you get settled status.

    ", + "

    If you stop being exempt, you need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme within 90 days of when you stop being exempt.

    ", + "

    If you apply after 30 June 2021, you\u2019ll need to prove that you\u2019re exempt from immigration control as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Your family members may be eligible to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme whether they are exempt from immigration control or not. They can apply at any time, even if you have not yet applied.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    The rights and status of EU, EEA and Swiss citizens living in the UK by 31 December 2020 will remain the same until 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    If you apply to the EU Settlement Scheme successfully, you\u2019ll be able to continue living and working in the UK after 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given either:

    ", + "
  • settled status
    • ", + "
  • pre-settled status
    • ", + "

    You will not be asked to choose which you\u2019re applying for. Which status you get depends on how long you\u2019ve been living in the UK when you apply. Your rights will be different depending on which status you get and when you started living in the UK.

    ", + "

    Settled status

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get settled status if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for a continuous 5-year period (known as \u2018continuous residence\u2019)

    ", + "

    Five years\u2019 continuous residence means that for 5 years in a row you\u2019ve been in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for at least 6 months in any 12 month period. The exceptions are:

    ", + "
  • one period of up to 12 months for an important reason (for example, childbirth, serious illness, study, vocational training or an overseas work posting)
    • ", + "
  • compulsory military service of any length
    • ", + "
  • time you spent abroad as a Crown servant, or as the family member of a Crown servant
    • ", + "
  • time you spent abroad in the armed forces, or as the family member of someone in the armed forces
    • ", + "

    You may be considered to be resident in the UK on 31 December 2020 and may be eligible for settled status if you both:

    ", + "
  • lived in the UK for a continuous 5-year period in the past
    • ", + "
  • have not left the UK for more than 5 years in a row since then
    • ", + "

    You can stay in the UK as long as you like if you get settled status. You\u2019ll also be able to apply for British citizenship if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Pre-settled status

    ", + "

    If you have not lived in the UK for 5 years in a row (known as \u2018continuous residence\u2019), you\u2019ll usually get pre-settled status. You must have started living in the UK by 31 December 2020 unless you are applying as the existing close family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who started living here by then. You can stay in the UK for a further 5 years from the date you get pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch to settled status as soon as you\u2019ve had 5 years\u2019 continuous residence. The 5 years is counted from the day you first arrived in the UK. You do not need to have held pre-settled status for 5 years to apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply for settled status before your pre-settled status expires to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll reach 5 years\u2019 continuous residence by 30 June 2021, you can choose to wait until you have 5 years\u2019 residence to apply. This means that you\u2019ll get settled status without having to apply for pre-settled status first if your application is successful.

    ", + "

    If you will not reach 5 years\u2019 continuous residence by 30 June 2021, you cannot wait until after this date to apply. You must apply for pre-settled status by 30 June 2021. You can then switch to settled status once you have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve left the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to get pre-settled status if you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020\nbut you were not here on that date. You must not have left the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for more than 6 months in any 12 month period.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible if you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, but you left the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for one period of no more than 12 months for an important reason (for example childbirth, serious illness, study, vocational training or an overseas work posting). Your previous residence in the UK will count towards your eligibility for pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    Showing your continuous residence when you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, unless you\u2019re joining your family member who is an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen and they were living here by then.

    ", + "

    If your evidence is older than 6 months, you\u2019ll usually also need evidence to show you were here in the last 6 months. This is to show your continuous residence.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been outside the UK for one period of no more than 12 months, you can use evidence from before you left to show your continuous residence. You must have been outside of the UK for an important reason, for example, due to childbirth, serious illness, study, vocational training or an overseas work posting.

    ", + "

    Check what evidence you can use to show when you started living in the UK, and that you\u2019ve continued to live here.

    ", + "

    Your rights with settled or pre-settled status

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to:

    ", + "
  • work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • use the NHS for free, if you can at the moment
    • ", + "
  • enrol in education or study in the UK
    • ", + "
  • access public funds such as benefits and pensions, if you\u2019re eligible for them
    • ", + "
  • travel in and out of the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have different rights if you get settled or pre-settled status because you\u2019ve applied to join your EU, EEA or Swiss family member and you arrived in the UK after 31 December 2020. For example, you will not be able to bring your own family members under the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    If you want to spend time outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you have settled status, you can spend up to 5 years in a row outside the UK without losing your status.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a Swiss citizen, you and your family members can spend up to 4 years in a row outside the UK without losing your settled status.

    ", + "

    If you have pre-settled status, you can spend up to 2 years in a row outside the UK without losing your status. You will need to maintain your continuous residence if you want to qualify for settled status.

    ", + "

    If you have children after applying

    ", + "

    If you get settled status, any children born in the UK while you\u2019re living here will automatically be British citizens.

    ", + "

    If you get pre-settled status, any children born in the UK will be automatically eligible for pre-settled status. They will only be a British citizen if they qualify for it through their other parent.

    ", + "

    If you want to bring family members to the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a citizen of the EU, EEA or Switzerland, your close family members can join you if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • your relationship with them started on or before 31 December 2020 (unless they\u2019re a child born or adopted after that date)
    • ", + "
  • the relationship still exists when they apply to join you
    • ", + "

    If your family member is from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, they can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK if they hold either a valid passport or identity card with a biometric chip.

    ", + "

    If your family member is not from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, they can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK. They must hold a relevant UK document, for example:

    ", + "
  • a residence card
    • ", + "
  • a permanent residence card
    • ", + "
  • a derivative residence card
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, they will need to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK. Once they\u2019re in the UK they can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    They cannot apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from inside the UK if they arrived after 31 December 2020 and they\u2019re here:

    ", + "
  • on a Standard Visitor visa, Permitted Paid Engagement visa, Parent of a Child Student visa or Transit visa
    • ", + "
  • without a visa, for example if they came through an e-passport gate
    • ", + "

    They also cannot apply if they\u2019re here on a Marriage Visitor visa, unless they\u2019re applying after you\u2019ve married or entered into a civil partnership with them.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens can apply from inside the UK regardless of how they entered.

    ", + "

    If you cannot bring your family member under the EU Settlement Scheme, they may still be able to come here in a different way, for example on a family visa.

    ", + "

    Family members of Swiss citizens

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a Swiss citizen, you can also bring your spouse or civil partner to the UK until 31 December 2025 if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your relationship with them began between 31 December 2020 and 31 December 2025
    • ", + "
  • you are still in the relationship when they apply to join you
    • ", + "

    What you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA, or Swiss citizen and you started living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you\u2019ll need proof of:

    ", + "
  • your identity
    • ", + "
  • your residence in the UK, unless you have a valid permanent residence document, or valid indefinite leave to remain in or enter the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide this proof again when you apply to change your pre-settled status for settled status.

    ", + "

    Proof of identity

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, you need a valid passport or valid national identity card. You also need to provide a digital photo of your face.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, you need to provide one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport
    • ", + "
  • a valid biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • a valid biometric residence card
    • ", + "

    You also need to provide a digital photo of your face. If you do not already have a valid biometric residence card, you will also need to provide your fingerprints (this is not needed for children under 5).

    ", + "

    If you do not have any of these you may be able to use other evidence in certain situations. Contact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre if you do not have any of the listed documents.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for your child, you\u2019ll need to prove their identity. You might also need to prove their residence in the UK.

    ", + "

    When you apply, you can either:

    ", + "
  • scan your document and upload your photo using the \u2018EU Exit: ID Document Check\u2019 app using an Android phone, or an iPhone 7 or above
    • ", + "
  • send your document in the post and upload your photo using the online application (you can take this yourself)
    • ", + "

    Scan your document

    ", + "

    You can use the \u2018EU Exit: ID Document Check\u2019 app on:

    ", + "
  • an Android phone
    • ", + "
  • an iPhone 7 or above
    • ", + "

    To scan your documents using a phone, you\u2019ll need one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a valid EU, EEA or Swiss passport or ID card, if it\u2019s biometric
    • ", + "
  • a UK-issued biometric residence card
    • ", + "

    You can use someone else\u2019s phone to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    Send your document by post

    ", + "

    You must send your document by post if you have a:

    ", + "
  • non-EU or non-EEA passport
    • ", + "
  • biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • non-biometric ID card
    • ", + "

    You can send other types of document in the post if you cannot use the \u2018ID Document Check\u2019 app.

    ", + "

    Proof of continuous residence

    ", + "

    To be eligible for settled status, you usually need to have lived in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for at least 6 months in any 12 month period for 5 years in a row. You need to provide proof of this when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not lived here for 5 years in a row you may still be eligible for pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    If you arrived in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can give your National Insurance number to allow an automated check of your residence based on tax and certain benefit records.

    ", + "

    If this check is successful, you\u2019ll not need to provide any documents as proof of residence. If you\u2019ve been here for 5 years in a row but there is not enough data to confirm this, you\u2019ll need to provide documents.

    ", + "

    The Home Office will tell you immediately after you apply if you need to provide any documents. You should submit photos or scans of your documents through the online application form, rather than sending them by post.

    ", + "

    Read what documents you can provide to the Home Office if you\u2019re asked to provide more evidence.

    ", + "

    If you have criminal convictions

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 18 or over, the Home Office will check you have not committed serious or repeated crimes, and that you do not pose a security threat.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to declare convictions that appear in your criminal record in the UK or overseas.

    ", + "

    You do not need to declare any of the following:

    ", + "
  • convictions that do not need to be disclosed (\u2018spent convictions\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • warnings (\u2018cautions\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • alternatives to prosecution, for example speeding fines
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be checked against the UK\u2019s crime databases.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be eligible for settled or pre-settled status if you\u2019ve only been convicted of a minor crime.

    ", + "

    You may still get settled or pre-settled status even if you have other convictions. This will be decided on a case-by-case basis.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been to prison, you usually need 5 years\u2019 continuous residence from the day you were released to be considered for settled status.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to join your EU, EEA or Swiss family member

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide proof of your relationship to your family member from the EU, EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    If your family member in the UK does not already have settled or pre-settled status, you will also need to provide proof:

    ", + "
  • of their identity
    • ", + "
  • of their nationality
    • ", + "
  • that they lived in the UK by 31 December 2020, and have continued living here since
    • ", + "

    Read what documents you can provide to show when they started living here and have continued living here since.

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    Applying for your children

    ", + "

    Each child must have their own application. You can apply for your child or they can apply for themselves.

    ", + "

    Your child is eligible for settled or pre-settled status if they\u2019re under 21 and either they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, but you are - or your spouse or civil partner is
    • ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    If your child was born in the UK but is not a British citizen, they will still need to apply. You can check if they\u2019re a British citizen if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    If you have applied to the EU Settlement Scheme

    ", + "

    When you apply for your child you can \u2018link\u2019 their application to yours. This means that if your own application is successful, your child will get the same status as you.

    ", + "

    To do this, select the option to apply \u2018using your parent\u2019s residence\u2019, then enter your application number.

    ", + "

    You will need to do this for each child you apply for.

    ", + "

    You can use your own email address in the application if your child does not have one.

    ", + "

    You can apply for your child any time after you\u2019ve made your own application - you do not need to wait for a decision.

    ", + "

    What proof you need

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need proof of:

    ", + "
  • your relationship to your child when you make their application
    • ", + "
  • your child\u2019s identity
    • ", + "
  • when your child started living in the UK, if they started living here by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • your child\u2019s continuous residence in the UK
    • ", + "

    If the evidence of when your child started living here is more than 6 months old, you\u2019ll also have to show they were here in the last 6 months.

    ", + "

    Check what evidence you can use to show when your child started living in the UK, and that they\u2019ve continued to live here.

    ", + "

    If you have not applied to the EU Settlement Scheme

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for the scheme, make your own application first so that you can link your child\u2019s application to yours.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for the scheme but your child is, you can still apply for them. For example, if they live in the UK and you do not.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide proof:

    ", + "
  • of your child\u2019s identity
    • ", + "
  • of your child\u2019s UK residence
    • ", + "
  • that your child has 5 years\u2019 continuous residence in the UK
    • ", + "

    If your child does not have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence

    ", + "

    If your child does not have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence when they apply, they\u2019ll usually get pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    They can stay in the UK for a further 5 years from the date they get pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    You can apply to change this to settled status once they have reached 5 years\u2019 continuous residence. You must do this before their pre-settled status expires - this will be 5 years after the date they got pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019ll reach 5 years\u2019 continuous residence by 30 June 2021, you can choose to wait until they reach 5 years\u2019 continuous residence before applying. If their application is successful, they\u2019ll get settled status without getting pre-settled status first.

    ", + "

    If your child is born or adopted after 31 December 2020

    ", + "

    Your children are eligible to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if you started living in the UK by 31 December 2020, even if you\u2019ve not yet applied yourself.

    ", + "

    If your child is born or adopted in the UK before 1 April 2021, you must make an application for them by 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    If your child is born or adopted in the UK on or after 1 April 2021, you must apply within 3 months of the date they were born or adopted. You\u2019ll need to give evidence of their date of birth or the date you adopted them, such as a birth certificate or adoption order.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an Irish citizen

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply for settled or pre-settled status if you\u2019re an Irish citizen.

    ", + "

    However, if you\u2019re an Irish citizen and your child is not a British citizen, they\u2019ll be eligible for either:

    ", + "
  • the same status that you could get, based on how long you\u2019ve lived in the UK
    • ", + "
  • settled or pre-settled status, based on their own residence
    • ", + "

    This also applies if you\u2019re from Northern Ireland and have Irish, British or dual British and Irish citizenship, and your child does not have Irish, British or dual citizenship.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Apply online for the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Apply to the EU Settlement Scheme

    ", + "

    You can apply using any device, for example, a laptop, Android device or iPhone.

    ", + "

    Check what you\u2019ll need before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You can apply now if you\u2019re eligible. The deadline for applying is usually 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    You can also choose to apply later depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you get pre-settled status, you\u2019ll need to apply again when you\u2019re changing your pre-settled status for settled status.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for yourself and your children, make your own application first.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    The Home Office will use the personal information you provide to decide whether to grant your application. Find out how the Home Office will process your personal information.

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already started to apply, you can continue your application.

    ", + "

    Who cannot use this service

    ", + "

    You cannot use the online service to apply to the scheme if you\u2019re applying as:

    ", + "
  • the family member of a British citizen you lived with in Switzerland or an EU or EEA country
    • ", + "
  • the family member of a British citizen who also has EU, EEA or Swiss citizenship and who lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before getting British citizenship
    • ", + "
  • the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who used to live and work in the UK, and you\u2019re in education - or you\u2019re the child\u2019s primary carer
    • ", + "

    Contact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online to find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply to the scheme.

    ", + "

    If you paid a fee when you applied to the EU Settlement Scheme, you\u2019ll get a refund.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online.

    ", + "

    You can also get help over the phone.

    ", + "

    The phone number is different if you\u2019re from a local council or another organisation helping others to apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re inside the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an organisation helping others to apply

    ", + "

    You can also\u00a0get support\u00a0if you need help doing things online.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen

    ", + "

    You can apply as the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen if they started living in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    Your EU, EEA or Swiss family member will usually need to apply as well. You can apply if you\u2019re the family member of an Irish citizen, even though they do not need to.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK if you hold either a valid passport or identity card with a biometric chip.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK if you hold a relevant UK document, for example:

    ", + "
  • a residence card
    • ", + "
  • a permanent residence card
    • ", + "
  • a derivative residence card
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, you will need to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK. Once you\u2019re in the UK you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from inside the UK if you arrived here after 31 December 2020 and you\u2019re here:

    ", + "
  • on a Standard Visitor visa, Permitted Paid Engagement visa, Parent of a Child Student visa or Transit visa
    • ", + "
  • without a visa, for example if you came through an e-passport gate
    • ", + "

    You also cannot apply if you\u2019re here on a Marriage Visitor visa, unless you\u2019re applying after you have married or entered into a civil partnership with the EU, EEA or Swiss person you\u2019re joining.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens can apply from within the UK regardless of how they entered.

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    Your family relationship

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re in a relationship with an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen as their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner. The relationship must have started by 31 December 2020 and must still exist.

    ", + "

    You can also apply if you\u2019re related to an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, their spouse, or their civil partner if you\u2019re their:

    ", + "
  • child, grandchild or great-grandchild under 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • dependent child over the age of 21
    • ", + "

    You can also apply as a dependent parent, grandparent or great-grandparent if you have a relevant document to prove your relationship.

    ", + "

    You can apply as another type of dependent relative if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • you have a relevant document to prove your relationship
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to apply if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the family member of a British citizen and you lived outside the UK in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) together
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the family member of a British citizen who also has EU, EEA or Swiss citizenship and who lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before getting British citizenship
    • ", + "
  • you used to have an EU, EEA or Swiss family member living in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland, even though they do not need to.

    ", + "

    Follow the same process as family members of EU, EEA or Swiss citizens.

    ", + "

    If your family member is a British citizen (\u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 applications)

    ", + "

    You may be eligible if you lived outside the UK in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) with your family member.

    ", + "

    You must have lived with them in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) before 1 January 2021, and be:

    ", + "
  • their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • under 21 years old, and are their child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • 21 years or older, and are their dependent child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • their dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    You can apply as another type of dependent relative if you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    The country that you lived in together must have been your main residence. Your British family member must also have been working, studying or self-sufficient in the country while there.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the online service to apply if this is how you qualify for the scheme.

    ", + "

    Contact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online to find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    If you used to have an EU, EEA or Swiss family member living in the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply if you used to have a family member who was living in the UK by 31 December 2020. This is called a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible because you have retained rights of residence, you can apply using the online service.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in education in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re in education, were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020 and one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "
  • one of your parents is the spouse or civil partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "
  • one of your parents was previously the spouse or civil partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "

    If you qualify through any of these circumstances, your parent is also eligible, providing they have custody of you.

    ", + "

    If your family member has died

    ", + "

    You can also apply if your family member has died, and you lived continuously in the UK as their family member for at least one year immediately before their death.

    ", + "

    If you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    You can apply if your marriage or civil partnership to an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen ended with a divorce, annulment or dissolution, and you lived in the UK when it ended.

    ", + "

    One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • the marriage or civil partnership lasted for at least 3 years and you\u2019d both been living in the UK for at least one year during that time
    • ", + "
  • you have custody of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child
    • ", + "
  • you have been given right of access in the UK to the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child - the child must be under 18
    • ", + "
  • you or another family member was the victim of domestic abuse in the marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "

    You can also apply if a family member had an eligible marriage or civil partnership and you lived in the UK when it ended. You must be their:

    ", + "
  • child, grandchild or great-grandchild under 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • dependent child over the age of 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent, grandparent or great-grandparent
    • ", + "
  • other dependent relative
    • ", + "

    If you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence

    ", + "

    You can apply if your family relationship with an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen has broken down permanently because of domestic abuse or violence.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you are or were their:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • long-term partner
    • ", + "
  • child, grandchild or great-grandchild under 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • dependent child over the age of 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent, grandparent or great-grandparent
    • ", + "
  • other dependent relative
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re the \u2018primary carer\u2019 of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply if you\u2019re the primary carer of a British,\u00a0EU,\u00a0EEA\u00a0or Swiss citizen who was living in the UK by 31 December 2020. Any dependent children you have may also be able to apply.

    ", + "

    To be someone\u2019s primary carer, you must be both:

    ", + "
  • responsible for their day to day care, including making decisions about their education, health, and finances
    • ", + "
  • a family member or their legal guardian
    • ", + "

    You can share these responsibilities with someone else.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the online service to apply if this is how you qualify for the scheme.

    ", + "

    Contact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online to find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the primary carer of an adult

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re the primary carer of a dependent adult who is a British citizen and you were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the primary carer of a child

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re the primary carer of a British child, or an EU, EEA or Swiss child who is financially independent and you were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    You can also apply if you\u2019re the primary carer of an EU, EEA or Swiss child who:

    ", + "
  • is in education in the UK
    • ", + "
  • has an EU, EEA or Swiss parent who has worked in the UK when the child has lived in the UK
    • ", + "
  • has an EU, EEA or Swiss parent who has lived in the UK when the child has been in education
    • ", + "
  • has an EU, EEA or Swiss parent who has stopped working in the UK, or left the UK
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide proof of your relationship to your EU, EEA or Swiss citizen family member - for example, a birth, marriage or civil partnership certificate, or a residence card. You can usually scan and submit this through the online application form.

    ", + "

    If you apply before your family member, you\u2019ll also need to provide evidence of their identity and residence.

    ", + "

    You might be asked to provide a certified English translation of any document that is not in English.

    ", + "

    You do not need to provide any evidence of your relationship if you have a valid \u2018UK permanent residence document\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from outside the EU, EEA or Switzerland and you do not have a biometric residence card, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo, or only a photo for children under 5) when you apply.

    ", + "

    When you need to provide more evidence

    ", + "

    In some cases, you\u2019ll also need to provide the same documents as you would for a residence card application.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019d provide for a residence card application if:

    ", + "
  • your family member is a British citizen and you lived together in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) before 1 January 2021 - known as a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application
    • ", + "
  • your family member is both a British citizen and an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, and lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before getting British citizenship
    • ", + "
  • you used to have an EU, EEA or Swiss family member living in the UK - known as a \u2018retained rights of residence\u2019 application
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who used to live and work in the UK, or their primary carer
    • ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    The deadline for most applications is 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    If you arrive in the UK on or after 1 April 2021, you must apply within 3 months of the date you arrive in the UK. If you apply after 30 June 2021, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of when you arrived in the UK, for example the travel ticket you used for your journey to the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll probably get a decision more quickly if you apply at the same time or after your family member applies.

    ", + "

    Your family member will be given an application number when they apply. You can use this to \u2018link\u2019 your application to theirs, so that your applications are considered together.

    ", + "

    If your partner is a Swiss citizen

    ", + "

    You can apply as the spouse or civil partner of a Swiss citizen in the UK until 31 December 2025 if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your relationship with them began between 31 December 2020 and 31 December 2025
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still in the relationship when you apply
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has died

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for settled status before you\u2019ve been living in the UK for 5 years.

    ", + "

    Your family member must have been working or self-employed in the UK at the time of their death. They must have been resident in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    You must also have been living with them just before their death and either:

    ", + "
  • they lived continuously in the UK, the Channel Islands, or the Isle of Man for at least 2 years immediately before their death
    • ", + "
  • their death was the result of an accident at work or an occupational disease
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re overseas and a family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen living in the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you\u2019ll still be able to apply if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • your family member was living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • your relationship began by 31 December 2020 (unless you are a child born or adopted after that date)
    • ", + "
  • you remain a close family member when you apply, for example a spouse, civil partner, unmarried partner, a dependent child or grandchild, or a dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    If your family member is a British citizen (\u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 applications)

    ", + "

    The deadline for you to return to the UK depends on your relationship with the family member.

    ", + "

    You must return and apply by 29 March 2022 if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner and your relationship started before 1 February 2020
    • ", + "
  • under 21 years old, and are their child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • 21 years or older, and are their dependent child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • their dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    You must return by 31 December 2020, and apply by 30 June 2021, if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner and your relationship started on or after 1 February 2020
    • ", + "
  • another dependent relative
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a spouse or civil partner, your dependent child, grandchild, parent or grandparent can also apply. They must return and apply by the same date as you.

    ", + "

    If you're the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You can apply if you have a family member who is an eligible person of Northern Ireland, whether you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen or not.

    ", + "

    For you to be eligible, the person of Northern Ireland who is your family member must:

    ", + "
  • be a British, Irish or dual British and Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • have been born in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • at the time of their birth, have at least one parent who held British, Irish or dual citizenship (or was without any restriction on their period of residence)
    • ", + "
  • be living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen

    ", + "

    You can choose whether you apply as either:

    ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen - use the online service to apply
    • ", + "
  • a family member of an eligible person from Northern Ireland - contact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen

    ", + "

    You can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme using the online service.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK, you\u2019ll need to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK. Once you\u2019re in the UK you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    If you have permanent residence or indefinite leave to remain

    ", + "

    The process of applying to the EU Settlement Scheme is different if you have a permanent residence document or indefinite leave to enter or remain.

    ", + "

    If you have a valid \u2018UK permanent residence document\u2019

    ", + "

    If you have a valid UK permanent residence document, you\u2019ll have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a certificate inside your blue \u2018residence documentation\u2019 booklet (or pink if you\u2019re a Swiss national)
    • ", + "
  • a certificate inside your passport
    • ", + "
  • a biometric residence card confirming permanent residence (only if you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen)
    • ", + "

    Your document is not a permanent residence document if it has \u2018registration certificate\u2019 written on it.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, EEA or Switzerland your permanent residence document will say \u2018Document Certifying Permanent Residence\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, your biometric residence card will say \u2018Permanent Residence Status\u2019.

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    What you must do

    ", + "

    To continue living in the UK after 30 June 2021 you must have either:

    ", + "
  • applied to the EU Settlement Scheme by 30 June 2021 - you will not have to prove you have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence
    • ", + "
  • been granted citizenship by 30 June 2021
    • ", + "

    If you have indefinite leave to enter or remain

    ", + "

    Indefinite leave to enter or remain (ILR) are types of immigration status.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have applied for indefinite leave to enter or remain. You\u2019ll have a stamp in your passport or a letter from the Home Office. You could also have a \u2018vignette\u2019 (sticker) or a biometric residence permit.

    ", + "

    You can continue to live in the UK without applying to the EU Settlement Scheme if you have indefinite leave to enter or remain in the UK. However, if you choose to apply (and meet all the other conditions), you\u2019ll get \u2018indefinite leave to remain under the EU Settlement Scheme\u2019 - also known as settled status.

    ", + "

    This means you should be able to spend up to 5 years in a row outside the UK without losing your settled status (instead of 2 years with the indefinite leave to enter or remain you have now).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a Swiss citizen, you and your family members can spend up to 4 years in a row outside the UK without losing your settled status.

    ", + "

    You will not have to prove you have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence.

    ", + "

    If you moved to the UK before it joined the EU on 1 January 1973

    ", + "

    You may have been given ILR automatically if you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who lived in the UK before 1973. If you were, you will not need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to stay in the UK after June 2021.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a document confirming your ILR status, you can either:

    ", + "
  • apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to get settled or pre-settled status
    • ", + "
  • apply to the Windrush scheme to get proof of your ILR status
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re from Malta or Cyprus, you could also apply for British citizenship through the Windrush scheme.

    ", + "

    Applications for either scheme are free of charge.

    ", + "

    If you stop working or start work in an EU country

    ", + "

    You and your family members can get settled status with less than 5 years\u2019 continuous residence in certain situations.

    ", + "

    If you have to stop working

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen you may be able to get settled status if you have to stop working or being self-employed because of an accident or illness (known as \u2018permanent incapacity\u2019).

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get settled status if either:

    ", + "
  • you have lived continuously in the UK for the 2 years immediately beforehand
    • ", + "
  • the permanent incapacity was the result of an accident at work or an occupational disease that entitles you to a pension from a UK institution
    • ", + "

    You can also get settled status if you\u2019re married to or in a civil partnership with a British citizen.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen at the time they stopped working you may also be eligible for settled status.

    ", + "

    If you reach State Pension age or retire early

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen you may be able to get settled status if you reach State Pension age or retire early.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen at the time they reach State Pension age or retire early you may also be eligible for settled status.

    ", + "

    If you reach State Pension age

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, you can get settled status if you stopped working when you reached State Pension age and either:

    ", + "
  • you worked continuously or were self employed for 1 year beforehand and have lived continuously in the UK for 3 years
    • ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner is a British citizen
    • ", + "

    If you retire early

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen you can get settled status if you retire early and either:

    ", + "
  • you worked continuously (for someone other than yourself) for 1 year beforehand and have lived continuously in the UK for 3 years
    • ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner is a British citizen
    • ", + "

    If you start work or self-employment in an EU country

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen you can get settled status if you start work or self-employment in an EU country and you both:

    ", + "
  • have lived and worked or been self-employed in the UK continuously for 3 years beforehand
    • ", + "
  • usually return to your UK home once a week
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen at the time they start work or self-employment in an EU country you may also be eligible for settled status.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, a letter will be emailed to you confirming your settled or pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    Find out what rights you get for each status.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the letter itself to prove your status.

    ", + "

    Viewing and proving your status

    ", + "

    You can view your status or prove it to someone else online. You will not usually get a physical document.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from outside the EU, EEA or Switzerland

    ", + "

    You will get a physical document if you do not already have a biometric residence card.

    ", + "

    The document you get under the EU Settlement Scheme proves your rights in the UK only.

    ", + "

    To travel to the EU, EEA or Switzerland with your EU, EEA or Swiss family member, you\u2019ll need to apply for a visa for the country you want to visit. This will be free.

    ", + "

    You can still prove your rights in the UK until 30 June 2021 with your passport or national identity card (if you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen), or with your biometric residence document.

    ", + "

    If you already have a biometric residence card, you do not need to apply for a new one once you have settled or pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    Updating your details

    ", + "

    You must keep your details up to date, for example if you get a new passport.

    ", + "

    Applying for citizenship

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be able to apply for citizenship 12 months after you\u2019ve got settled status.

    ", + "

    If the Home Office finds a mistake in your application

    ", + "

    The Home Office will contact you before making a decision on your application, so you can correct the error.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also tell you if you need to provide more evidence before they can make a decision.

    ", + "

    If your application is unsuccessful

    ", + "

    You can apply again at any time until 30 June 2021 if you think the decision should have been different, for example you got pre-settled status but expected to get settled status.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no charge for this.

    ", + "

    You can submit new information or evidence if you want to.

    ", + "

    Apply for an administrative review

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for an administrative review of your application if you think there\u2019s been a mistake. It costs \u00a380 and you\u2019ll usually get the result within 28 days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your money back if the original decision is changed because of an error.

    ", + "

    You can submit new evidence as part of an administrative review but you will not get your money back if the decision is changed because of the new evidence.

    ", + "

    Appeal the decision

    ", + "

    You can also make an appeal to an independent tribunal. You can only appeal applications made after 11pm on 31 January 2020.

    ", + "

    If you already have an outstanding immigration application

    ", + "

    In most cases, your outstanding immigration application will not be considered if you apply for the EU Settlement Scheme. You\u2019ll get a refund for your outstanding application.

    ", + "

    Contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) to find out how your outstanding immigration application will be affected.

    ", + "

    More detailed guidance is available.

    ", + "

    Switch from pre-settled status to settled status

    ", + "

    If you have pre-settled status, you can stay in the UK for a further 5 years from the date you got your status.

    ", + "

    You must apply to the EU Settlement Scheme again before your pre-settled status expires to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch to settled status as soon as you\u2019re eligible. This is usually after you\u2019ve lived in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 5 years in a row (known as \u2018continuous residence\u2019).

    ", + "

    The 5 years is counted from the day you first arrived in the UK. You do not need to have held pre-settled status for 5 years to apply.

    ", + "

    You may not be eligible for settled status if during the 5 years you spent more than 6 months outside the UK in a 12 month period.

    ", + "

    Find out more about continuous residence and if you\u2019re eligible for settled status.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for settled status

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for settled status because you spent more than 6 months outside the UK in a 12 month period, you may be able to get pre-settled status again.

    ", + "

    Both of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • the time you spent outside the UK was before 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • you were back in the UK on or before 31 December 2020
    • ", + "

    You usually need to apply before 30 June 2021. There are different rules if you\u2019re applying as the close family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get pre-settled status again and your current status is about to expire, apply for a visa to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    You can use the same proof you used to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme the first time.

    ", + "

    Check what you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and residence status.

    ", + "

    If your pre-settled status was based on your relationship to a family member from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, you\u2019ll also need proof of your relationship to your EU, EEA or Swiss family member.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch your status

    ", + "

    It is free to apply.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, a letter will be emailed to you confirming your status.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re given settled status

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK as long as you like. You\u2019ll usually be able to apply for citizenship 12 months after you\u2019ve got settled status.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re given pre-settled status again

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for a further 5 years from the date on your Home Office decision letter.

    ", + "

    You can apply for settled status after you\u2019ve lived in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 5 years in a row (known as \u2018continuous residence\u2019).

    ", + "

    Find out what to do if you think the decision should have been different.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Prove you have right of abode in the UK", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-abode", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Having right of abode means you\u2019re allowed to live or work in the UK without any immigration restrictions, which means:

    ", + "
  • you will not need a visa to come to the UK
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s no limit on the length of time you can spend in the country
    • ", + "

    All British citizens automatically have right of abode in the UK.

    ", + "

    Some Commonwealth citizens may also have right of abode.

    ", + "

    You can prove you have right of abode if you have a UK passport describing you as a British citizen or British subject with right of abode.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need to apply for a \u2018certificate of entitlement\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    Commonwealth citizens

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re part of the \u2018Windrush generation\u2019 (also known as \u2018Windrush cases\u2019), there\u2019s a different way to prove your right to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    You may have right of abode in the UK either because of your parents or because you are or were married to someone with right of abode.

    ", + "

    Parents

    ", + "

    You have right of abode if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • one of your parents was born in the UK and a citizen of the United Kingdom and colonies when you were born or adopted
    • ", + "
  • you were a Commonwealth citizen on 31 December 1982
    • ", + "
  • you did not stop being a Commonwealth citizen (even temporarily) at any point after 31 December 1982
    • ", + "

    Marriage

    ", + "

    You can only get right to abode through marriage if you\u2019re a female Commonwealth citizen.

    ", + "

    You must have:

    ", + "
  • been married to someone with right of abode before 1 January 1983
    • ", + "
  • not stopped being a Commonwealth citizen (even temporarily) at any point after 31 December 1982
    • ", + "

    You usually will not have right of abode if the person you were married to has another living wife or widow who:

    ", + "
  • is in the UK, or has been in the UK at any time since her marriage (unless they entered the country illegally, came as a visitor or only have temporary permission to stay)
    • ", + "
  • has a certificate of entitlement to right of abode or permission to enter the UK because of her marriage
    • ", + "

    However, you may still have right of abode if:

    ", + "
  • you entered the UK while married and before 1 August 1988, even if your husband has other wives in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK since your marriage and at that time were your husband\u2019s only wife to have legally entered the UK or been given permission to do so
    • ", + "

    Apply for a certificate of entitlement

    ", + "

    You can apply for a certificate of entitlement to prove you have right of abode in the UK. It goes in your passport.

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a new certificate when your passport expires.

    ", + "

    How you apply for a certificate of entitlement depends on whether you\u2019re inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get a certificate if you already have a British passport or a valid certificate of entitlement in another foreign passport.

    ", + "

    Apply in the UK, Channel Islands or the Isle of Man

    ", + "

    A certificate of entitlement costs \u00a3372 in the UK.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to check you can apply.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form online. You\u2019ll usually be able to keep your documents while your application is being processed.

    ", + "

    You can also apply in other ways.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK or from a British overseas territory

    ", + "

    If you are not in the UK, or you live in a British overseas territory, you must apply online.

    ", + "

    A certificate of entitlement costs \u00a3388 outside the UK.

    ", + "

    North Korea

    ", + "

    You cannot apply online if you\u2019re living in North Korea.

    ", + "

    To apply from North Korea you must:

    ", + "
  • download the application form and guidance - read the guidance if you need help filling in the form
    • ", + "
  • read the instructions to find out where to take your completed form
    • ", + "

    If your application is refused

    ", + "

    Your application fee will not be refunded if your application is refused because you do not qualify for right of abode or you do not send in enough evidence to support your claim.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how you can appeal if your application is rejected.

    ", + "

    You will not have a right of appeal if your rejected application was received on or after 6 April 2015.

    ", + "

    If you made your application in the UK, you can apply to have your application reconsidered if you think UKVI did not make the decision in line with the law or their policy.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Settlement: refugee or humanitarian protection", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settlement-refugee-or-humanitarian-protection", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve got a residence card as a:

    ", + "
  • refugee
    • ", + "
  • person with humanitarian protection
    • ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible in the relevant category.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person who\u2019s been given humanitarian protection.

    ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    You may be able to include your partner and any children on your settlement application if they\u2019re already in the UK as your dependants. This includes children born in the UK.

    ", + "

    Check if your family member is eligible.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, your family members will have the same permission to stay in the UK as you do.

    ", + "

    If you cannot include your family members on your settlement application

    ", + "

    If your family was formed before you left your country, your partner and children can apply to be reunited with you in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your family members must apply for a visa to join you in the UK if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re not eligible to apply as a partner or a child
    • ", + "
  • your family was formed after you left your country
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, your family members will have permission to stay in the UK for the same length of time as you.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply after 5 years in the UK as either:

    ", + "
  • a refugee
    • ", + "
  • someone with humanitarian protection
    • ", + "

    If your application is refused

    ", + "

    Your settlement application may be refused if you\u2019ve got a criminal record or been in prison - read why applications are refused.

    ", + "

    If you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.

    ", + "

    Get help using a computer to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with:

    ", + "
  • accessing a computer or the internet
    • ", + "
  • finding the right information on GOV.UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot get advice on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re eligible to apply
    • ", + "
  • what information to put in your application
    • ", + "
  • an application you\u2019ve already made
    • ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    Any children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them to the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person with humanitarian protection.

    ", + "

    Family reunion

    ", + "

    Your partner or child may be able to join or stay with you in the UK if:

    ", + "
  • you were part of a family before you were forced to leave your country
    • ", + "
  • you have refugee status, 5 years\u2019 humanitarian protection or settlement on protection grounds but do not yet have British citizenship
    • ", + "

    Your partner or child cannot join you if:

    ", + "
  • you have not received a decision on your asylum claim
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "

    If their application is successful, your family members will be allowed to come to or stay in the UK with the same permission as you.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your partner and any children must meet the following requirements.

    ", + "

    Partner

    ", + "

    Your partner is someone you\u2019re in a genuine relationship with. You must be able to prove one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership, your partner may be able to join you if:

    ", + "
  • you were given refugee status or humanitarian protection on or after 9 October 2006
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived together in a relationship like in a marriage or civil partnership for 2 years and you\u2019ve been given asylum or humanitarian protection after 9 October 2006
    • ", + "

    You and your partner must intend to live together and continue your relationship after they apply.

    ", + "

    Children

    ", + "

    Your child is:

    ", + "
  • under the age of 18
    • ", + "
  • going to live with you and your partner
    • ", + "
  • not married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner or child must apply online for family reunion.

    ", + "

    You can apply on behalf of your child but, in most cases, your partner must make their own application.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also have to complete application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.

    ", + "

    North Korea

    ", + "

    Your partner or child cannot apply online if they\u2019re applying from North Korea.

    ", + "

    They need to download application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.

    ", + "

    They should read the guidance on filling in the form and the instructions for North Korea.

    ", + "

    Apply in the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner or child can apply to stay with you in the UK if all the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re making their first application to stay with you and they\u2019re already in the UK
    • ", + "
  • they can prove their relationship pre-dates your departure from your home country because of persecution
    • ", + "

    They must apply by letter to:

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When your family member applies, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a Service and Support Centre to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo) and have their supporting documents checked.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for applying for family reunion for eligible family members.

    ", + "

    Family applying as dependants

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection, your family members can apply for settlement on the same form as you if they\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    Family members are:

    ", + "
  • your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 2 years before applying to settle)
    • ", + "
  • your child or children - born in the UK or abroad
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your family members must either have been given permission to be in the UK with you:

    ", + "
  • as your dependant, at the same time you were granted asylum or Humanitarian Protection
    • ", + "
  • using the family reunion route
    • ", + "

    A child of yours born in the UK who is not a British citizen is also eligible.

    ", + "

    You need to provide evidence of your relationship - check the application form.

    ", + "

    Children over 18

    ", + "

    You can only include your children over 18 in your settlement application if:

    ", + "
  • they were granted as your dependant when you got your original grant of asylum and leave to enter or remain
    • ", + "
  • they were granted leave to enter or remain by applying for family reunion
    • ", + "

    Other exceptions

    ", + "

    You cannot include a partner or other dependant who:

    ", + "
  • already has permission to be in the UK in another category
    • ", + "
  • is currently in the UK without permission
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.

    ", + "

    Get help using a computer to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with:

    ", + "
  • accessing a computer or the internet
    • ", + "
  • finding the right information on GOV.UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot get advice on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re eligible to apply
    • ", + "
  • what information to put in your application
    • ", + "
  • an application you\u2019ve already made
    • ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    Any children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them to the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement for a family member.

    ", + "

    If your application is refused

    ", + "

    If you have a criminal record or have been in prison, you may be refused settlement.

    ", + "

    If you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Indefinite leave to remain if you have an Innovator visa", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/indefinite-leave-to-remain-innovator-visa", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for indefinite leave to remain if you have an Innovator visa.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply until March 2022 at the earliest - 3 years after this way to settle was introduced.

    ", + "

    Indefinite leave to remain is how you settle in the UK. It gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible. You can use it to apply for British citizenship.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must have:

    ", + "
  • lived in the UK for 3 years using an Innovator visa - you cannot include time spent in the UK using any other visa
    • ", + "
  • a new endorsement that shows you\u2019ve met the requirements for growing your business
    • ", + "

    Knowledge of life in the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 18 to 64 you must pass the Life in the UK Test.

    ", + "

    Time outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must have spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months.

    ", + "

    If you think you\u2019re affected by this rule, find out how to calculate your time in the UK (\u2018continuous residence\u2019).

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to apply 28 days before you\u2019re eligible. Your application may be refused if you apply earlier.

    ", + "

    Do not wait until your current visa expires. If your visa expires before you can apply for indefinite leave to remain, you\u2019ll need to renew it first.

    ", + "

    Fees and how long it takes

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a32,389 for each person applying. You can include your partner and children on the same application form, if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You also need to pay \u00a319.20 per person to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Getting endorsed

    ", + "

    Before you can apply, you must show an approved body that you\u2019ve grown your business.

    ", + "

    If you meet the criteria, the body will give you an endorsement letter to show that you\u2019re eligible for indefinite leave to remain.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your letter, you must apply for indefinite leave to remain within 3 months.

    ", + "

    You do not need to use the same body that endorsed you for your Innovator visa.

    ", + "

    Endorsement requirements

    ", + "

    You must be actively managing and developing the business.

    ", + "

    Your business must be:

    ", + "
  • registered with Companies House, and you\u2019re either the director or a member
    • ", + "
  • currently trading, and be able to continue for at least the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    Your business must have done 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • had \u00a350,000 of investment, which you\u2019ve spent on developing the business
    • ", + "
  • doubled the number of customers in the last 3 years - and this number is higher than the average for similar businesses
    • ", + "
  • applied for intellectual property protection in the UK
    • ", + "
  • made \u00a31 million revenue in the last full year covered by accounts
    • ", + "
  • made \u00a3500,000 revenue in the last full year covered by accounts, with \u00a3100,000 of this from exporting overseas
    • ", + "
  • created the equivalent of 10 full-time jobs that have existed for 12 months
    • ", + "
  • created the equivalent of 5 full-time jobs that have existed for 12 months, with an average salary of \u00a325,000 a year
    • ", + "

    You may have already met some of these criteria when you applied for your visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve created jobs

    ", + "

    The jobs you\u2019ve created must be for \u2018settled workers\u2019. A settled worker is someone who was one of the following when they started working for you:

    ", + "
  • a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • an EEA citizen who was living in the UK and working for you by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • a Commonwealth citizen with a UK Ancestry visa
    • ", + "
  • someone with indefinite leave to remain or settled status
    • ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply separately at a later date, for example if they\u2019re not eligible yet. They can continue to extend their visa as your dependant, even after you get indefinite leave to remain.

    ", + "

    Eligibility for partners

    ", + "

    Your partner may qualify if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they have permission to be in the UK as your partner (as a \u2018dependant\u2019 on your Innovator visa)
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ve lived in the UK with you as your dependant for at least 5 continuous years
    • ", + "
  • your relationship is genuine
    • ", + "
  • you intend to keep living together
    • ", + "
  • you have enough income to support yourselves and your dependants
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not using public funds (benefits)
    • ", + "

    Your partner can include time they\u2019ve spent as your dependant on another visa to count towards the continuous years they need to qualify. They cannot count any time spent on their own visa (not as your dependant).

    ", + "

    Your partner must also:

    ", + "
  • pass the Life in the UK Test
    • ", + "
  • meet the English language requirements
    • ", + "

    Eligibility for children

    ", + "

    You can include children as dependants on your application if:

    ", + "
  • they have permission to be in the UK as your child (as a \u2018dependant\u2019 on your visa)
    • ", + "
  • they are not married, in a civil partnership or living an independent life
    • ", + "
  • they will live with you and be supported by you without relying on public funds (benefits)
    • ", + "
  • you and your child\u2019s other parent are both currently applying to settle, or are already settled
    • ", + "

    Your child can also apply to settle in one of the following situations:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child\u2019s sole surviving parent
    • ", + "
  • you have sole responsibility for your child, or they normally live with you
    • ", + "
  • there are serious or compelling reasons why they should be allowed to stay, for example you or your child has a serious illness
    • ", + "

    Extra documents for children over 16

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove:

    ", + "
  • where they live - if they do not live with you, you\u2019ll need to explain why
    • ", + "
  • any rent or upkeep they pay you each month
    • ", + "
  • that you support them financially if they do not live with you
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide 2 documents from this list to prove where they live:

    ", + "
  • bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bill
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • a letter from their current school, college or university, on headed paper and issued by an authorised official of that organisation
    • ", + "

    The documents you provide cannot be more than a month old on the date you make your application.

    ", + "

    If your child lives away from home, you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • bank statements for you and your child covering the 3 months before the date you apply (to prove you\u2019ve supported them)
    • ", + "
  • confirmation from their university or college on headed paper and issued by an authorised official (if they\u2019re studying)
    • ", + "

    Children 18 and over

    ", + "

    You can only include older children in your application if they both:

    ", + "
  • were under 18 when they got permission to be in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "
  • still do not live an independent life - for example, they have not got married or had children
    • ", + "

    They also need to:

    ", + "
  • pass the Life in the UK Test
    • ", + "
  • meet the English language requirements
    • ", + "

    If your child is over 18 by the time you apply and does not meet these requirements, they must apply separately.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for indefinite leave to remain using an Innovator visa until March 2022 at the earliest.

    ", + "

    Other ways to stay in the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible to apply using an Innovator visa, you may be able to stay in the UK another way. Check if you can:

    ", + "
  • extend your permission to stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • use a different way to apply for indefinite leave to remain
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Apply for settlement if you're a Turkish Worker or Businessperson", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker-business-person-settlement", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for indefinite leave to remain (settlement) if you\u2019re in the UK on a:

    ", + "
  • Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • Turkish Businessperson visa
    • ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply for settlement.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    The application fee is \u00a32,389.

    ", + "

    You also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    If you have family members applying for settlement with you, you\u2019ll need to pay the \u00a32,389 application fee and the \u00a319.20 biometric information fee for each person.

    ", + "

    If your partner is applying to extend their visa, their fee is \u00a31,033 instead. They\u2019ll need to pay the healthcare surcharge.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    Getting indefinite leave to remain means you can continue to live and work in the UK for as long as you like. It will mean you\u2019re eligible:

    ", + "
  • to take up any job
    • ", + "
  • to run a business
    • ", + "
  • for public services, such as healthcare and schools
    • ", + "
  • for public funds and pensions
    • ", + "
  • for British citizenship, if you meet the requirements
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible to settle in the UK, you must have:

    ", + "
  • met the knowledge of language requirement
    • ", + "
  • passed the Life in the UK test
    • ", + "
  • registered with the police if you were told to
    • ", + "
  • been living and working in the UK for the last 5 years without receiving public funds
    • ", + "
  • spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months in the last 5 years
    • ", + "

    You must continue to run a business if you\u2019re on a Turkish Businessperson visa.

    ", + "

    Your application might be refused if, for example, you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • got a criminal record in the UK or another country
    • ", + "
  • provided false or incomplete information to the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • broken UK immigration law
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on why applications can be refused.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel identification
    • ", + "
  • previous passports showing you\u2019ve been living legally in the UK for the past 5 years - if your current passport does not show this
    • ", + "
  • the unique reference code that proves you passed the English language requirement
    • ", + "
  • your police registration certificate covering the past 5 years (unless you did not need to register)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a Turkish Businessperson

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to prove that you\u2019re continuing to run a business. You might need to provide documents, such as:

    ", + "
  • invoices showing work done
    • ", + "
  • business bank statements
    • ", + "
  • proof of National Insurance contributions - if appropriate
    • ", + "
  • advertising materials
    • ", + "
  • proof of renting or having purchased business premises
    • ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa if they are:

    ", + "
  • your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 5 years before applying to settle)
    • ", + "
  • your child under 21 or in limited circumstances over 21 (including children born in the UK)
    • ", + "

    Partners applying for indefinite leave to remain

    ", + "

    If your partner is applying for indefinite leave to remain, they must:

    ", + "
  • have been granted leave as your dependant
    • ", + "
  • have lived in the UK with you for a continuous period of 5 years
    • ", + "
  • have met the knowledge of language and Life in the UK test
    • ", + "

    Partners applying to extend their visa

    ", + "

    If you already have indefinite leave to remain, but your partner has not been here for 5 years on your visa they can apply to extend their visa.

    ", + "

    For your partner to qualify, they must:

    ", + "
  • have last been granted entry clearance or leave to remain as your dependant
    • ", + "
  • be living together with you in a genuine relationship
    • ", + "
  • be living in suitable accommodation which you maintain without access to public funds
    • ", + "
  • be registered with the police if they were told to
    • ", + "

    Children applying for indefinite leave to remain

    ", + "

    For your children or child to apply for indefinite leave to remain, they must:

    ", + "
  • have been granted leave as your dependant
    • ", + "
  • apply at the same time as both parents, or where both parents are settled already
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership, have formed an independent family unit or be leading an independent life
    • ", + "
  • have met the knowledge of language requirement and Life in the UK test - if they\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • have registered with the police if they were told to and are 16 or over
    • ", + "

    Your child may also be able to apply if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child\u2019s only living parent
    • ", + "
  • you have sole responsibility for them
    • ", + "
  • there are serious reasons to let your child stay in the UK, for example they have a serious illness
    • ", + "
  • their other parent is in the UK legally
    • ", + "

    If you already have indefinite leave to remain, your child may be eligible to apply if their other parent is extending a Turkish visa.

    ", + "

    Documents your family need to provide

    ", + "

    Each family member must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel identification
    • ", + "
  • 2 passport size colour photographs
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship, for example a marriage or birth certificate, council tax bills or bank statements
    • ", + "
  • proof they will live permanently with you, for example letters from your child\u2019s school or their doctor
    • ", + "
  • proof that you have sole responsibility for any children aged under 21 if the other parent will not be in the UK (for example, written permission or relevant legal documents)
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You can apply to settle in the UK (indefinite leave to remain). Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa. You must be in the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Get help using a computer to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with:

    ", + "
  • accessing a computer or the internet
    • ", + "
  • finding the right information on GOV.UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot get advice on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re eligible to apply
    • ", + "
  • what information to put in your application
    • ", + "
  • an application you\u2019ve already made
    • ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    Any children aged 6 and over who you\u2019ve included in your application form must also provide biometric information.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Derivative residence cards", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derivative-right-residence", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can no longer apply for a derivative residence card. If you already have a card, it will not be valid after 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    If you applied for a derivative residence card before 1 January 2021, you will get a decision on your application within 6 months.

    ", + "

    Living in the UK after 30 June 2021

    ", + "

    You can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020 and you\u2019re one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • a child of the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • a child of a former worker from the EU, EEA or Switzerland and you\u2019re currently in education
    • ", + "

    Being a \u2018primary carer\u2019 means you\u2019re someone\u2019s main carer, or you share the responsibility with someone else at least equally, and you\u2019re their direct relative or legal guardian.

    ", + "

    If you want to move to the UK on or after 1 January 2021, check if you need a UK visa.

    ", + "

    If you have a derivative residence card

    ", + "

    Until 30 June 2021, you can still use your card to:

    ", + "
  • help you re-enter the country quicker when you come back from abroad
    • ", + "
  • show employers you\u2019re allowed to work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • show relevant authorities (for example your local council) that you\u2019re allowed to live in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your card has not arrived

    ", + "

    Email the Home Office on BRCDelivery@homeoffice.gov.uk if you have not received your derivative residence card within 10 working days of the date on your decision letter.

    ", + "

    Include the following in your email:

    ", + "
  • your full name, date of birth and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your passport number
    • ", + "
  • your case reference number
    • ", + "
  • a contact telephone number
    • ", + "
  • your delivery address
    • ", + "

    Correct mistakes on your card

    ", + "

    Email the Home Office on BRCError@homeoffice.gov.uk within 10 days of receiving your derivative residence card if there\u2019s a mistake on it.

    ", + "

    Include the following in your email:

    ", + "
  • your full name, date of birth and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your passport number
    • ", + "
  • your derivative residence card reference number
    • ", + "
  • your case reference number
    • ", + "
  • a contact telephone number
    • ", + "
  • details of exactly what information is wrong
    • ", + "

    Report a lost or stolen card

    ", + "

    Your card has been lost or stolen

    ", + "

    Email BRCLost@homeoffice.gov.uk immediately if your derivative residence card has been lost or stolen. You must include:

    ", + "
  • your full name, date of birth and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your contact details
    • ", + "
  • your passport number
    • ", + "
  • your derivative residence card reference number
    • ", + "
  • your police case reference number
    • ", + "
  • when, where and how the loss or theft occurred
    • ", + "

    You must contact the police to report the loss or theft and get a police case reference number.

    ", + "

    Your card is damaged

    ", + "

    Report a damaged card to BRCError@homeoffice.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    Include the following in your email:

    ", + "
  • your full name, date of birth and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your contact details
    • ", + "
  • your passport number
    • ", + "
  • your derivative residence card reference number
    • ", + "
  • what the damage is
    • ", + "

    You can also send this information by post.

    ", + "

    Replacement derivative residence cards

    ", + "

    You can no longer apply for a replacement derivative residence card.

    ", + "

    If your card is lost, stolen, damaged or destroyed, you\u2019ll need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    If your passport has expired

    ", + "

    You cannot transfer your card to a new passport.

    ", + "

    You can still use your existing card if it\u2019s valid, but when you travel you must also show both:

    ", + "
  • your new passport
    • ", + "
  • your old passport, if it includes your derivative residence card
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Prove your knowledge of English for citizenship and settling", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/english-language", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might need to prove your knowledge of the English language if you\u2019re 18 or over and applying for citizenship or to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019).

    ", + "

    You can prove it by having either:

    ", + "
  • an English qualification at B1, B2, C1 or C2 level
    • ", + "
  • a degree taught or researched in English
    • ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English in certain circumstances.

    ", + "

    Your citizenship or settlement application will be refused if you send the wrong qualifications.

    ", + "

    If you need more time

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already in the UK you may be able to extend your permission to stay, so that you can prove your knowledge of English.

    ", + "

    Check the guide for your current visa for instructions on how to apply for an extension.

    ", + "

    Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • aged 65 or over
    • ", + "
  • unable to, because of a long-term physical or mental condition
    • ", + "

    You must provide a completed exemption form from a doctor confirming your physical or mental condition.

    ", + "

    Nationalities that are exempt

    ", + "

    You will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a citizen of:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • The Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Ireland (for citizenship only)
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re from a country that\u2019s not on the list you\u2019ll need to prove your knowledge of English, even if English is an official language.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for citizenship

    ", + "

    There are no other exemptions if you\u2019re applying to become a British citizen. You must have a relevant English language qualification even if you were exempt when you were granted settlement.

    ", + "

    Exemptions if you\u2019re applying to settle

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re applying as:

    ", + "
  • a victim of domestic violence as the partner or spouse of a British citizen or someone settled in the UK
    • ", + "
  • the partner or spouse of a person who has died who was either a British citizen or someone settled in the UK
    • ", + "
  • an adult dependent relative between 18 and 64 of someone who is present and settled in the UK, is a refugee or has humanitarian protection
    • ", + "
  • a refugee living in the UK
    • ", + "
  • someone living in the UK with discretionary leave
    • ", + "
  • someone living in the UK for with humanitarian protection
    • ", + "
  • someone who has permission to stay in the UK as a retired person of independent means
    • ", + "
  • a Commonwealth citizen on discharge from HM Forces, including Gurkhas
    • ", + "
  • someone in exceptional circumstances, for example as an orphan, widow or over-age dependant
    • ", + "

    Approved English language qualifications

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by having a recognised English test qualification from an approved test centre.

    ", + "

    You need to have a certificate to prove you have the qualification, or be able to view your results online.

    ", + "

    You can only use English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) qualifications if they\u2019re on the list. You cannot use other qualifications, for example GCSEs, A levels or National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs).

    ", + "

    If your qualification has run out

    ", + "

    Some recognised test qualifications only last for 2 years. You can still use a B1 level qualification that you took more than 2 years ago in 2 situations.

    ", + "

    Applying for citizenship

    ", + "

    You can use a B1 level qualification that\u2019s run out if you\u2019re applying for citizenship and it was accepted when you settled in the UK.

    ", + "

    It does not matter if the B1 level test you took is not on the current list of recognised tests. You do not need to take another test.

    ", + "

    Applying to settle in the UK

    ", + "

    You can use a B1 level qualification that\u2019s run out if both of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s on the current list of recognised tests
    • ", + "
  • it was accepted for another UK immigration application, for example when you got permission to enter
    • ", + "

    If your degree was taught or researched in English

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by having a degree that was taught or researched in English.

    ", + "

    If your degree is from a UK university, you only need your degree certificate.

    ", + "

    If your degree is not from a UK university you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a copy of your degree certificate
    • ", + "
  • an Academic Qualification Level Statement (AQUALS) from Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) confirming the degree is equivalent to a UK qualification.
    • ", + "

    If your degree is from a non-majority English-speaking country you\u2019ll also need an English Language Proficiency Statement (ELPS) from Ecctis confirming the degree was taught in English.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lost your certificate or you\u2019re waiting for graduation

    ", + "

    You must have proof that you\u2019ve passed your degree. This can be either:

    ", + "
  • an official transcript with your name, the name of the institution, your degree and confirmation of the award
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from your university confirming it cannot reissue your certificate or when it will be issued
    • ", + "

    Your letter must include:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your degree
    • ", + "
  • the date the degree was or will be awarded
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Life in the UK Test", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/life-in-the-uk-test", + "contents": [ + "

    Book the Life in the UK Test

    ", + "

    This is the only official government service for booking the Life in the UK Test. You need to take the test as part of your application for British citizenship or settlement in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must book your Life in the UK Test online at least 3 days in advance. It costs \u00a350.

    ", + "

    There are over 30 test centres in the UK. You can choose where to take your test when you book.

    ", + "

    Prepare for the test

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be tested on information in the official handbook for the Life in the UK Test. You should study it to prepare for the test. The handbook is available as a book, an eBook, an e-Learning subscription or in audio formats.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have 45 minutes to answer 24 questions about British traditions and customs.

    ", + "

    Book the test

    ", + "

    You need all of the following to book a test:

    ", + "
  • email address
    • ", + "
  • debit or credit card
    • ", + "
  • an accepted form of ID
    • ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Accepted forms of ID

    ", + "

    You can use one of the following as ID to book the test:

    ", + "
  • valid passport
    • ", + "
  • valid travel document with a photo (you cannot use an emergency travel document)
    • ", + "
  • biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • biometric residence card
    • ", + "

    Check the \u2018Identification requirements\u2019 document to make sure the ID you have is acceptable.

    ", + "

    Email nationalityenquiries@homeoffice.gov.uk for help if you do not have any of these documents.

    ", + "

    The name you give on your test booking must be an exact match with the name on the ID you use to book the test.

    ", + "

    If you have a previous gender (including a different name) that you do not want the test centre staff to see or for it to show on your test result, email\u00a0sensitivebookings@homeoffice.gov.uk\u00a0before booking your test. They\u2019ll tell you what you need to do.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability

    ", + "

    You can make special requests when you book your test, for example if you have a disability and need extra equipment or help accessing the centre.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Life in the UK Test Helpline if you need help with your booking.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to take the test

    ", + "

    You do not need to take the test if you:

    ", + "
  • are under 18
    • ", + "
  • are 65 or over
    • ", + "
  • have passed it before - for example, if you\u2019re applying to become a citizen and already passed it as part of your settlement application
    • ", + "
  • have a long-term physical or mental condition - you must provide either a form or letter from a doctor confirming your physical or mental condition
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    What happens at the test

    ", + "

    You have 45 minutes to answer 24 questions based on the Life in the UK handbook.

    ", + "

    You cannot bring children or other family members with you to the centre.

    ", + "

    What to bring to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring the same ID that you used to book the test. Your photo will also be taken on the day to confirm your ID.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to take the test and you will not get a refund if you do not bring the correct ID or if you refuse to have your photo taken.

    ", + "

    If you pass the test

    ", + "

    You must score 75% or more to pass the test.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018unique reference number\u2019. You\u2019ll need this number to complete your citizenship or settlement application. The Home Office will use it to check that you\u2019ve passed.

    ", + "

    If you took your test before 17 December 2019, you\u2019ll have a letter with a \u2018test reference ID\u2019 instead of a unique reference number.

    ", + "

    If you have lost your letter, send a letter explaining that you have lost it with your citizenship or settlement application.

    ", + "

    If you fail the test

    ", + "

    You must wait 7 days before taking the test again, but you can take the test as many times as you need to. You need to book and pay again each time.

    ", + "

    Cancellations, refunds and complaints

    ", + "

    You must cancel your test if you cannot make it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a refund if you cancel your test at least 3 days (72 hours) before you\u2019re due to take the test. You will not get a refund if you cancel or rearrange within 3 days of your test.

    ", + "

    How to cancel

    ", + "
  • Sign into your Life in the UK account.
    • ", + "
  • Select \u2018Confirmed tests\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Select \u2018Cancel tests\u2019.
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for a refund due to cancellation, the \u00a350 fee will be refunded to the card you used to book the test - you do not need to contact UK Visas and Immigration.

    ", + "

    You can then book a test on another date.

    ", + "

    Ask for a refund

    ", + "

    You can ask for a refund if the test centre cancels the test.

    ", + "

    You cannot ask for a refund for any other reason, for example if you brought the wrong ID, you were ill, you were late, you did not bring the right documents or you refused to have your photo taken.

    ", + "

    You must ask for a refund within 3 months of the test date. The fee will be refunded to the card you used to book the test.

    ", + "

    Contact PSI to ask for a refund.

    ", + "

    Or write to PSI e-Assessments.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    Contact PSI to make a complaint.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a response within 10 working days.

    ", + "

    You must make your complaint within 3 months of the test date.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Claim asylum in the UK", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-asylum", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must apply for asylum if you want to stay in the UK as a refugee.

    ", + "

    To be eligible you must have left your country and be unable to go back because you fear persecution.

    ", + "

    Apply for a visa if you want to come to the UK for another reason (for example to work, study or remain with family). If you\u2019re already in the UK and want to remain with family living here, apply for a family of a settled person visa.

    ", + "

    You should apply when you arrive in the UK or as soon as you think it would be unsafe for you to return to your own country. Your application is more likely to be denied if you wait.

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll have a meeting with an immigration officer (known as a \u2018screening\u2019).

    ", + "

    After your screening the Home Office will decide if your claim can be considered in the UK. If it can, you\u2019ll have an asylum interview with a caseworker.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision on your application within 6 months.

    ", + "

    You can get up to 2 years in prison or have to leave the UK if you give false information on your application.

    ", + "

    Waiting for your decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told after your screening what you must do while you\u2019re waiting for your asylum decision, for example report to a caseworker regularly (known as \u2018reporting meetings\u2019).

    ", + "

    You must tell the authorities if your situation changes.

    ", + "

    You will not usually be allowed to work while your asylum claim is being considered.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You can get help with:

    ", + "
  • getting legal representation for your asylum claim
    • ", + "
  • living in the UK while you wait for your decision
    • ", + "

    Children applying on their own

    ", + "

    You can apply as a child on your own if you do not have an adult relative who is also claiming asylum.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To stay in the UK as a refugee you must be unable to live safely in any part of your own country because you fear persecution there.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re stateless, your own country is the country you usually live in.

    ", + "

    This persecution must be because of:

    ", + "
  • your race
    • ", + "
  • your religion
    • ", + "
  • your nationality
    • ", + "
  • your political opinion
    • ", + "
  • anything else that puts you at risk because of the social, cultural, religious or political situation in your country, for example, your gender, gender identity or sexual orientation
    • ", + "

    You must have failed to get protection from authorities in your own country.

    ", + "

    When your claim might not be considered

    ", + "

    Your claim might not be considered if you:

    ", + "
  • are from an EU country
    • ", + "
  • travelled to the UK through a \u2018safe third country\u2019
    • ", + "
  • have a connection to a safe third country where you could claim asylum
    • ", + "

    Generally, a safe third country is one that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re not a citizen of
    • ", + "
  • you would not be harmed in
    • ", + "
  • would not send you on to another country where you would be harmed
    • ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and your children under 18 as \u2018dependants\u2019 in your application if they\u2019re with you in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your children under 18 and your partner can also make their own applications at the same time, but they will not be treated as your dependants.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need documents for yourself and your dependants (partner and children under 18) for your asylum screening.

    ", + "

    Documents you should bring (if you have them) include:

    ", + "
  • passports and travel documents
    • ", + "
  • police registration certificates
    • ", + "
  • identification documents, for example identity cards, birth and marriage certificates or school records
    • ", + "
  • anything you think will help your application
    • ", + "

    Documents to prove your UK address

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already in the UK, you and your dependants must bring documents that prove your UK address.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need different documents depending on whether you\u2019re living in your own accommodation or staying with someone else.

    ", + "

    Living in your own accommodation

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide documents showing your full name and address. This could be a:

    ", + "
  • bank statement
    • ", + "
  • housing benefit book
    • ", + "
  • council tax notice
    • ", + "
  • tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • household bill
    • ", + "

    Staying with someone else

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a recent letter (less than 3 months old) from the person you\u2019re staying with to confirm you have their permission to stay
    • ", + "
  • documents showing the full name and address of the person you\u2019re staying with, like a council tax notice, tenancy agreement or household bill
    • ", + "

    Register your asylum claim

    ", + "

    You register your asylum claim at a \u2018screening\u2019. This is a meeting with an immigration officer where you tell them about your case.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have your screening at the UK border if you claim asylum as soon as you arrive. You can also be screened once you\u2019re in the UK if you become eligible for asylum.

    ", + "

    At your screening you\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • be photographed
    • ", + "
  • have your fingerprints taken
    • ", + "
  • have an interview to check who you are and where you\u2019re from
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked why you want asylum. You can bring written evidence to support your claim if you want, as well as your identification documents.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to say if you or your dependants are taking any medication and give any relevant medical information.

    ", + "

    You can ask for a male or female interviewer, but your choice might not always be available.

    ", + "

    Screening at the UK border

    ", + "

    You must tell a Border Force officer that you want to claim asylum.

    ", + "

    Your application will be registered and you\u2019ll be screened - ask for an interpreter if you need one.

    ", + "

    Screening in the UK

    ", + "

    You must call the asylum intake unit if you\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll call you back and ask simple questions about you and your family. You will not be asked why you\u2019re claiming asylum during this telephone call.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked if you need help with housing. You might also be asked questions relating to coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    The call may take up to 30 minutes.

    ", + "

    You do not need to make an appointment if you have nowhere to live - call the asylum intake unit to find out what asylum registration location you should go to and its opening hours.

    ", + "

    Tell the asylum intake unit if you need any other dependants on your claim to be present at any stage of your asylum registration, for example the welfare interview, or if you\u2019re a child and need to be accompanied. You can ask to have an interpreter at your screening.

    ", + "

    Your appointment might be in a temporary location.

    ", + "

    Attending your appointment

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, attend your appointment alone or with any dependants claiming asylum with you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re helping a child register their own asylum claim, only you can go with them to their appointment.

    ", + "

    You must bring the documents you need for your application.

    ", + "

    You must also bring any dependants (partner and children under 18) who are claiming asylum with you.

    ", + "

    If you show up without an appointment, you may be asked to come back another day.

    ", + "

    You cannot get financial help for travel to or from the asylum intake unit.

    ", + "

    Tell the appointment service if your situation changes before your appointment date, for example if you can no longer stay where you are living.

    ", + "

    After your screening

    ", + "

    After your screening, the Home Office will review your case and decide whether it can be considered in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent an asylum registration card (ARC) to your UK address, unless you\u2019ve been detained.

    ", + "

    If the Home Office cannot send you an ARC immediately, they\u2019ll send you an appointment letter telling you what to do next.

    ", + "

    You might also be sent a \u2018preliminary information questionnaire\u2019. If you get one, fill it in and return it by the deadline - the address and deadline are written on the letter that comes with the questionnaire. If you cannot fill it in, call the Home Office asylum team. Their phone number is on the letter.

    ", + "

    If your case can be considered in the UK, it will be given to a caseworker.

    ", + "

    If your case cannot be considered in the UK

    ", + "

    You may be sent to a safe country that will consider your asylum claim. This might happen if you\u2019ve travelled to the UK through a safe third country or you have a connection with another country that you could claim asylum in.

    ", + "

    Generally, a safe country is one that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re not a citizen of
    • ", + "
  • you would not be harmed in
    • ", + "
  • would not send you on to another country where you would be harmed
    • ", + "

    The Home Office can decide to send you to a safe country after either your screening or your asylum interview.

    ", + "

    If the Home Office cannot place you in another safe country, your case will be considered in the UK and given to a caseworker.

    ", + "

    Caseworkers

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have an asylum interview with your caseworker. They\u2019ll make a decision about your application.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also explain the asylum process and tell you what to do while you wait for an asylum decision, such as go to regular reporting meetings.

    ", + "

    You may be detained if you do not go to your reporting meetings.

    ", + "

    Tell your caseworker if you have any special needs, for example if you have a disability or need medication.

    ", + "

    Your ARC

    ", + "

    The ARC shows you\u2019ve applied for asylum. You can use it to:

    ", + "
  • show who you are
    • ", + "
  • show whether you have permission to work
    • ", + "
  • get health or education services
    • ", + "

    You must take your ARC with you when you go to your reporting meetings.

    ", + "

    If you do not have your ARC

    ", + "

    Contact the Home Office using the online form if you have any problems - for example:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve not got your ARC through the post
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lost it
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s been stolen
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s expired
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to give your Home Office or port reference number, and your ARC reference (if you know it).

    ", + "

    Being detained

    ", + "

    You may be detained at an immigration removal centre while you wait for a decision on your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either be:

    ", + "
  • released if you get permission to stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • held until you\u2019re removed from the UK if you do not get permission to stay
    • ", + "

    You can also be detained and removed if it\u2019s decided that another country is responsible for offering you asylum.

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal against the decision.

    ", + "

    When you will not be detained

    ", + "

    You will not usually be detained if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a child
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re elderly
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a family with children
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re accepted as being a victim of trafficking
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to provide independent evidence of torture
    • ", + "
  • you have a mental or physical condition that cannot be managed or would present a risk to others in an immigration removal centre
    • ", + "

    Asylum interview

    ", + "

    Your asylum interview will take place soon after your screening.

    ", + "

    Your application will usually be rejected if you do not go to your asylum interview.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you when and where to attend and if any of your dependants also need to be interviewed.

    ", + "

    The interview

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be interviewed alone, without your family members. An interpreter will be provided, if you need one.

    ", + "

    The information you provide will be treated in confidence and will not be disclosed to the authorities in your own country.

    ", + "

    Use this interview to explain:

    ", + "
  • how you were persecuted in your country
    • ", + "
  • why you\u2019re afraid to go back to your country
    • ", + "

    You may be asked questions about difficult topics but it\u2019s important that you explain what has happened to you and your family.

    ", + "

    You must tell the caseworker everything you want them to consider or it can count against you.

    ", + "

    Bring all the evidence you have of your persecution. You may be asked to send further evidence to your caseworker after the interview, if they think it might help your application.

    ", + "

    You should also bring your birth certificate, passport and medical records if you have them.

    ", + "

    Your caseworker will make notes in a document called an \u2018interview record\u2019. You\u2019ll get a copy of this at the end of the interview.

    ", + "

    Legal representative

    ", + "

    You can bring a legal representative to this interview, for example a lawyer or solicitor. Find out if you can get help paying for legal advice about asylum.

    ", + "

    Your interview will take place even if your legal representative is not there. You cannot ask for more time to get a legal representative.

    ", + "

    You can ask for this interview to be tape recorded if you do not have legal representation. Ask your caseworker at least one day before.

    ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    Your application will usually be decided within 6 months. It may take longer if it\u2019s complicated, for example:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend more interviews
    • ", + "
  • your personal circumstances need to be checked, for example because you have a criminal conviction or you\u2019re currently being prosecuted
    • ", + "

    Ask your legal adviser if you want an update on your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given or refused permission to stay in one of the following ways.

    ", + "

    Permission to stay as a refugee

    ", + "

    You and your dependants may be given permission to stay in the UK for 5 years if you qualify for asylum. This is known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, you can apply to settle in the UK.

    ", + "

    Permission to stay for humanitarian reasons

    ", + "

    You may get permission to stay for humanitarian reasons if you do not qualify for asylum. This means you need to stay in the UK for your protection.

    ", + "

    You and your dependants may be given permission to stay in the UK for 5 years. This is known as \u2018leave to enter\u2019 or \u2018leave to remain\u2019.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, you can apply to settle in the UK.

    ", + "

    Permission to stay for other reasons

    ", + "

    You may get permission to stay for other reasons if you do not qualify for permission to stay as a refugee or for humanitarian reasons.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay will depend on your situation.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to extend your stay or settle in the UK towards the end of your stay.

    ", + "

    No reason to stay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to leave the UK if you do not qualify for asylum and your caseworker decides there\u2019s no other reason for you to stay.

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal against the decision.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to leave if you do not appeal in the time allowed, or if your appeal is unsuccessful. You can:

    ", + "
  • leave by yourself - you can get help with returning home
    • ", + "
  • be forced to leave - you\u2019ll get a letter before this happens, then you may be detained without warning at an immigration removal centre and then removed from the UK
    • ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You can get help from asylum helplines run by charities.

    ", + "

    They can help with:

    ", + "
  • explaining your asylum claim, for example getting a solicitor or lawyer to represent you
    • ", + "
  • living in the UK while your claim is being considered, for example getting asylum support, housing problems, dealing with agencies or finding English language classes and schools
    • ", + "

    Legal advice

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice to help your asylum claim.

    ", + "

    Housing and money

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get housing and money (\u2018asylum support\u2019) to support you and your family. This will only start from the day of your screening if you qualify.

    ", + "

    Help returning home

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with returning home.

    ", + "

    If you're under 18

    ", + "

    This information is for children applying on their own.

    ", + "

    If you have an adult relative who\u2019s claiming asylum you should apply as part of that relative\u2019s application instead.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not in the care of social services

    ", + "

    You should use the walk-in service at the asylum intake unit.

    ", + "

    If you have an adult who is legally responsible for you

    ", + "

    The adult who is taking responsibility for your care must attend the walk-in service at the asylum intake unit with you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re living with several relatives the closest blood relative willing to take responsibility for you must attend.

    ", + "

    The adult must provide proof of address and photo ID (passport or driving licence).

    ", + "

    If you do not have an adult who is legally responsible for you

    ", + "

    You should go to the police or social services, or you can walk into the asylum intake unit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re in the care of social services

    ", + "

    You must book an appointment at the asylum intake unit by calling the appointment booking line.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the following information when you book your appointment:

    ", + "
  • your name, date of birth and nationality
    • ", + "
  • the number on your passport or national identity document, if you have one - or the number on your birth certificate if you do not
    • ", + "
  • your foster carer\u2019s name and contact details
    • ", + "
  • details of any medical conditions you have
    • ", + "

    For more information read the guidance on processing asylum applications from children.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Asylum support", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/asylum-support", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to get housing and money to support you and your family while you\u2019re waiting to find out if you\u2019ll be given asylum.

    ", + "

    This also means your children will go to a free state school and you may get free healthcare from the National Health Service (NHS).

    ", + "

    You can still apply for short-term support if you\u2019ve been refused asylum and are preparing to leave the UK.

    ", + "

    Call an asylum helpline for free help with asylum support or short-term support.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You can ask for somewhere to live, a cash allowance or both as an asylum seeker.

    ", + "

    Housing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given somewhere to live if you need it. This could be in a flat, house, hostel or bed and breakfast.

    ", + "

    You cannot choose where you live. It\u2019s unlikely you\u2019ll get to live in London or south-east England.

    ", + "

    Cash support

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get \u00a339.63 for each person in your household. This will help you pay for things you need like food, clothing and toiletries.

    ", + "

    Your allowance will be loaded onto a debit card (ASPEN card) each week. You\u2019ll be able to use the card to get cash from a cash machine.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been refused asylum

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given:

    ", + "
  • somewhere to live
    • ", + "
  • \u00a339.63 per person on a payment card for food, clothing and toiletries
    • ", + "

    You will not be given:

    ", + "
  • the payment card if you do not take the offer of somewhere to live
    • ", + "
  • any money
    • ", + "

    Extra money for mothers and young children

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get extra money to buy healthy food if you\u2019re pregnant or a mother of a child under 3. The amount you get will depend on your situation.

    ", + "Your situation | Extra payment per week", + "Pregnant mother | \u00a33", + "Baby under 1 year old | \u00a35", + "Child aged 1 to 3 | \u00a33", + "

    Maternity payment

    ", + "

    You can apply for a one-off \u00a3300 maternity payment if your baby is due in 8 weeks or less, or if your baby is under 6 weeks old.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been refused asylum

    ", + "

    You can apply for a one-off \u00a3250 maternity payment if your baby is due in 8 weeks or less, or if your baby is under 6 weeks old.

    ", + "

    Applying for the maternity grant

    ", + "

    You apply for the maternity grant in the same way whether you\u2019re still an asylum seeker or you\u2019ve been refused asylum.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to request form MAT B1 from your doctor to apply for the payment. You can apply for the maternity payment at the same time you apply for asylum support.

    ", + "

    If you get pregnant after you\u2019ve applied for asylum support, you can apply to the support team that dealt with your application for asylum support.

    ", + "

    Healthcare

    ", + "

    You may get free National Health Service (NHS) healthcare, such as to see a doctor or get hospital treatment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get:

    ", + "
  • free prescriptions for medicine
    • ", + "
  • free dental care for your teeth
    • ", + "
  • free eyesight tests
    • ", + "
  • help paying for glasses
    • ", + "

    Education

    ", + "

    Your children must attend school if they are aged 5 to 17. All state schools are free and your children may be able to get free school meals.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for asylum support if you\u2019re homeless or do not have money to buy food.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been refused asylum

    ", + "

    You can ask for the following if you\u2019re homeless, do not have any money to buy food and you can show that there\u2019s a reason why you cannot leave the UK yet:

    ", + "
  • short-term housing
    • ", + "
  • help with prescriptions for medicine, dental care for your teeth, eyesight tests and glasses
    • ", + "
  • a payment card for food and toiletries
    • ", + "

    You will not be given the payment card without the housing and you will not be given any cash.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Housing and cash support for asylum seekers

    ", + "

    Apply using form ASF1 to claim housing and cash support.

    ", + "

    Send the form to the asylum support casework team.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for additional support if the general allowance will not cover your needs. You\u2019ll have to show that you cannot meet your needs in any other way.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on additional support.

    ", + "

    Fill in form ASF2 and contact the Asylum Support Application Service. The details are on the form.

    ", + "

    Call an asylum helpline for help with applications.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused asylum

    ", + "

    You must return to your country as soon as possible if you\u2019re refused asylum.

    ", + "

    You can apply for short-term support using form ASF1.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to complete a \u2018section 4(2)\u2019 medical declaration if you have a specific medical issue.

    ", + "

    You can also apply for additional help (section 4(2) support), for example:

    ", + "
  • medical appointments
    • ", + "
  • getting your new baby\u2019s birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • maternity payments
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on section 4(2) support.

    ", + "

    Send all forms to the asylum support casework team by email or post.

    ", + "

    Education for children

    ", + "

    Contact your local council if you have children and want to:

    ", + "
  • apply for a primary school place
    • ", + "
  • apply for a secondary school place
    • ", + "

    Healthcare

    ", + "

    Contact the free National Health Service (NHS) 111 service for help and advice with health problems when it\u2019s not an emergency.

    ", + "

    Phone NHS Help With Health Costs for help with prescriptions for medicine, dental care, eyesight tests and buying glasses.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Call one of the asylum helplines to get free help with filling in forms.

    ", + "

    You can get more information about asylum support from the customer contact centre. Email for an ARC appointment.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Appeal

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Asylum Support) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve applied for asylum support and been turned down
    • ", + "
  • you were claiming asylum support and it\u2019s been stopped
    • ", + "

    Contact asylum support

    ", + "

    You can contact Migrant Help if your application for support has been refused or you have questions about your appeal against the decision.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Refugee integration loan", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/refugee-integration-loan", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refugee integration loan to pay for:

    ", + "
  • a rent deposit or rent
    • ", + "
  • household items
    • ", + "
  • education and training for work
    • ", + "

    You must be over 18 and either:

    ", + "
  • a refugee or you\u2019ve been given humanitarian protection
    • ", + "
  • a dependant of a refugee or someone who\u2019s been given humanitarian protection
    • ", + "
  • allowed to enter or stay under either of the above after 11 June 2007
    • ", + "

    The smallest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100.

    ", + "

    Integration loans are interest-free - you only pay back what you borrow, but you must make regular payments.

    ", + "

    Contact your local Jobcentre Plus before applying for this loan to see if you can get help with training, education, work, living or childcare costs - you may be able to get this help for free.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    How much money you might get depends on:

    ", + "
  • your circumstances, for example any savings you have or your ability to pay back the loan
    • ", + "
  • how much is available - the funds are limited and loans can vary
    • ", + "

    The smallest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100.

    ", + "

    What you can use your loan for

    ", + "

    You can only use the loan to help you get what\u2019s essential to help you integrate into UK society, for example housing, education or work. This includes:

    ", + "
  • a housing deposit, rent payment or moving costs
    • ", + "
  • essential items for your home
    • ", + "
  • training or retraining
    • ", + "
  • basic living costs while training
    • ", + "
  • work clothing and equipment
    • ", + "

    What you cannot use your loan for

    ", + "

    You cannot use the loan to pay for items including:

    ", + "
  • general living costs, for example household bills and council tax
    • ", + "
  • cars, driving lessons, driving licences and fuel costs, unless it\u2019s essential to your work
    • ", + "
  • paying debts
    • ", + "
  • travel costs for family members to join you in the UK
    • ", + "

    You may be asked to prove how you spent the loan. You may have to repay it in full straight away if you do not use it for the reason you said on your application.

    ", + "

    Read the integration loans policy guidance to find out how you can use your loan.

    ", + "

    How you're paid

    ", + "

    Loans are usually paid into your bank or building society account in the same way as benefits.

    ", + "

    You will be paid by Simple Payment if you cannot open a bank account, and if you already receive benefits in this way.

    ", + "

    Repaying the loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to sign a repayment agreement if your application for the loan is successful.

    ", + "

    You will not usually have to start repaying the loan until 6 weeks after you get the money.

    ", + "

    How much your repayments are and how you pay will depend on your circumstances. For example, you may have to pay more and in a shorter time if you start working and your benefits change.

    ", + "

    Your loan will not usually affect any income-related benefits you get unless you have more than \u00a36,000 in savings.

    ", + "

    You must tell Jobcentre Plus if you get an integration loan.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for an integration loan if you:

    ", + "
  • are a refugee
    • ", + "
  • have been given humanitarian protection
    • ", + "
  • are a dependant of a refugee or someone here under humanitarian protection
    • ", + "

    You can also make a joint application with your husband, wife or partner.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply if you:

    ", + "
  • are under 18
    • ", + "
  • were allowed to enter or stay as a refugee or under humanitarian protection before 11 June 2007
    • ", + "
  • are an asylum seeker who\u2019s been allowed to settle by a decision outside the Immigration Rules
    • ", + "
  • have had an integration loan before, including a joint loan
    • ", + "

    Your application may be refused if you\u2019ve been convicted of a criminal offence since you arrived in the UK.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Read the integration loan application form guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must provide your National Insurance number - if you do not have one, you must apply for one at your local Jobcentre Plus before you apply for an integration loan.

    ", + "

    You should also provide photocopies of documents including:

    ", + "
  • your biometric residence permit, immigration status document or passport
    • ", + "
  • a bank statement or letter confirming your bank details
    • ", + "

    Download and fill in the integration loan application form. Make sure you sign it.

    ", + "

    Scan or photograph the completed form and supporting documents and email them to integrationloan@homeoffice.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently apply by post. If you sent a postal application before 20 March 2020, your application will still be reviewed. You do not need to do anything.

    ", + "

    Get more help

    ", + "

    Your local refugee community organisation can help you with your application and filling in the form.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the integration loan team.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Apply for a Home Office travel document", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-home-office-travel-document", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a document to travel outside the UK if:

    ", + "
  • you are not British
    • ", + "
  • you cannot use or get a passport from your country\u2019s national authorities
    • ", + "
  • your country\u2019s national authorities cannot give you a new passport
    • ", + "

    If you have already applied

    ", + "

    It\u2019s taking longer than usual to return supporting documents because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you changed address after you submitted your application, contact the Home Office immediately to let them know. If you do not, your documents may be sent to the wrong address.

    ", + "

    Email the Home Office travel document enquiries team with \u2018Change of address\u2019 and your name in the subject line.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To apply you must be living in the UK because of one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you have permission to stay as a refugee or stateless person
    • ", + "
  • you have humanitarian protection and it has been officially accepted that you have a fear of your country\u2019s national authorities
    • ", + "
  • you have permission to stay (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019) or are settled in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019), but you cannot get a passport or travel document from your country\u2019s national authorities
    • ", + "

    You must be in the UK when you apply.

    ", + "

    Refugee travel document

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refugee travel document if either:

    ", + "
  • you have refugee status in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you originally came to the UK on a family reunion visa to join someone who has refugee status
    • ", + "

    How long it will be valid for

    ", + "

    Your document will usually be valid for up to 10 years if you\u2019re settled in the UK (known as having \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). If you have permission to stay (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019), your document will usually be valid up to 5 years.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 15 or under, the document will usually be valid for up to 5 years.

    ", + "

    Countries you can travel to

    ", + "

    You can usually travel to all countries except:

    ", + "
  • the country you\u2019re from
    • ", + "
  • any country you sought asylum from
    • ", + "

    Before you travel

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need before you book your travel.

    ", + "

    Ask the authorities of the country you\u2019re visiting or travelling through if:

    ", + "
  • the country accepts refugee travel documents
    • ", + "
  • you need a visa to enter the country
    • ", + "

    You should also check if coronavirus (COVID-19) travel restrictions will affect your journey.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a375 for adults (it\u2019s free if you were born before 1 September 1929)
    • ", + "
  • \u00a349 for children 15 or under
    • ", + "

    Stateless person\u2019s travel document

    ", + "

    You can apply for a stateless person\u2019s travel document if you have been recognised as stateless in the UK.

    ", + "

    How long it will be valid for

    ", + "

    Your document will usually be valid for up to 10 years if you\u2019re settled in the UK (known as having \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). If you have permission to stay (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019), your document will usually be valid up to 5 years.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 15 or under, the document will usually be valid for up to 5 years.

    ", + "

    Countries you can travel to

    ", + "

    You can usually travel to all countries on a stateless person\u2019s travel document.

    ", + "

    Before you travel

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need before you book your travel. Ask the authorities of the country you\u2019re visiting or travelling through if:

    ", + "
  • the country accepts UK stateless person\u2019s travel documents
    • ", + "
  • you need a visa to enter the country
    • ", + "

    You should also check if coronavirus (COVID-19) travel restrictions will affect your journey.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a375 for adults (it\u2019s free if you were born before 1 September 1929)
    • ", + "
  • \u00a349 for children 15 or under
    • ", + "

    Certificate of travel

    ", + "

    You can apply for a certificate of travel if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you have permission to stay (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019) or are settled in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019), and you have been refused a passport or travel document by your country\u2019s national authorities
    • ", + "
  • you are in the UK with humanitarian protection and it\u2019s been officially accepted you have a fear of your country\u2019s national authorities as part of your asylum application
    • ", + "
  • you are in the UK on a family reunion visa because you\u2019ve joined someone who has humanitarian protection
    • ", + "
  • you were born in the UK as the child of someone with refugee status and you have permission to stay but do not have refugee status yourself
    • ", + "
  • you have an important reason to travel and your country\u2019s national authorities are unable to issue you with a passport or emergency travel document quickly
    • ", + "

    Proving you have an important reason to travel

    ", + "

    You must provide evidence of why you need to travel urgently, as well as evidence that your passport or emergency travel document application was refused.

    ", + "

    The following situations are examples of valid reasons why you might need to travel urgently:

    ", + "
  • essential employment, business or educational trips (but not holidays)
    • ", + "
  • compelling or compassionate reasons - for example, a family member is seriously ill or has died
    • ", + "
  • religious reasons
    • ", + "

    Proving you have been \u2018unreasonably refused\u2019 a travel document

    ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might need to prove that you\u2019ve applied for a passport from your country\u2019s national authorities and your application was \u2018unreasonably refused\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must provide evidence of this if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you do not have permission to be in the UK as a refugee or stateless person
    • ", + "
  • you have humanitarian protection but it has not been officially accepted that you have a fear of your country\u2019s national authorities
    • ", + "

    Your application is not considered \u2018unreasonably refused\u2019 if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you applied incorrectly or without enough supporting evidence to confirm your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • you are required to complete military service in your home country
    • ", + "
  • you have a criminal record in your home country
    • ", + "
  • you did not comply with tax rules in your home country
    • ", + "

    You do not have to prove that you\u2019ve been \u2018unreasonably refused\u2019 a passport if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you have been granted humanitarian protection and it\u2019s been officially accepted you have a fear of your country\u2019s national authorities
    • ", + "
  • you must be in your country to apply for a passport
    • ", + "
  • your country\u2019s national authorities cannot issue passports in the UK or send an application to your own country to be processed
    • ", + "

    How long it will be valid for

    ", + "

    A certificate of travel is usually valid either:

    ", + "
  • for up to 5 years if you\u2019re settled in the UK (known as having \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • until the end of your permission to stay in the UK (known as having \u2018leave to remain\u2019)
    • ", + "

    It may be shorter if it\u2019s being issued for exceptional reasons.

    ", + "

    Countries you can travel to

    ", + "

    You can usually travel to most countries with a certificate of travel.

    ", + "

    If you have been given humanitarian protection because it\u2019s been accepted you have a fear of a country\u2019s national authorities, you cannot travel to that country.

    ", + "

    Before you travel

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need before you book your travel. Ask the authorities of the country you\u2019re visiting or travelling through if:

    ", + "
  • the country accepts certificates of travel
    • ", + "
  • you need a visa to enter the country
    • ", + "

    You should also check if coronavirus (COVID-19) travel restrictions will affect your journey.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3280 for adults
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3141 for children 15 and under
    • ", + "

    One way travel document

    ", + "

    You can apply for a one way travel document if you meet all of the following criteria:

    ", + "
  • you are not a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • you do not have a valid passport or travel document from the country you\u2019re from
    • ", + "
  • you are not in the process of being deported from the UK
    • ", + "
  • you want to leave the UK permanently
    • ", + "
  • you do not have outstanding criminal proceedings in the UK
    • ", + "

    You do not need to be settled in the UK (known as having \u2018leave to remain\u2019) to apply.

    ", + "

    How long it will be valid for

    ", + "

    The document will be valid for 12 months from the date it\u2019s issued.\nIt\u2019s for a single journey out of the UK - you cannot use it to come back.

    ", + "

    Before you travel

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need before you book your travel. Ask the authorities of the country you\u2019re visiting or travelling through if:

    ", + "
  • the country accepts one way travel documents
    • ", + "
  • you need a visa to enter the country
    • ", + "

    You should also check if coronavirus (COVID-19) travel restrictions will affect your journey.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a375 for adults
    • ", + "
  • \u00a349 for children 15 and under
    • ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    Each family member must apply for their own travel document separately.

    ", + "

    If your child is not a British citizen

    ", + "

    If your child is not a British citizen, they may be able to apply for a travel document if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • they have the same permission to stay in the UK as their parents
    • ", + "
  • they have a biometric residence permit (BRP)
    • ", + "
  • they meet the relevant eligibility criteria for the travel document they\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "

    If your child was born in the UK

    ", + "

    Your child may be able to become a British citizen, and be entitled to a British passport, if they were born in the UK to a parent who:

    ", + "
  • was settled in the UK (known as having \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) on the date of the child\u2019s birth
    • ", + "
  • was a British citizen on the date of the child\u2019s birth
    • ", + "

    Check if your child can become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    If you have less than 6 months\u2019 permission to stay in the UK (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019), you need to extend it before you apply for a travel document.

    ", + "

    If you have a biometric residence permit (BRP), make sure it has not expired and all the details are correct before you apply for a travel document.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • apply for a replacement BRP if yours has expired
    • ", + "
  • contact the team that issued your BRP if your details are not correct (their contact information will be on your letter or email notification)
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    The type of travel document you can apply for depends on what kind of permission to stay you have - for example, if you have refugee status or are recognised as stateless.

    ", + "

    You can find what kind of permission to stay you have on your BRP or your Home Office decision letter.

    ", + "

    If you apply for the wrong type of travel document, your application will be refused and you will not get a refund. You\u2019ll have to submit a new application and pay the fee if you want to apply again.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To apply for a travel document you need to:

    ", + "
  • complete the online form
    • ", + "
  • send supporting documents by post
    • ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Send supporting documents by post

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told in the online application:

    ", + "
  • which documents to send
    • ", + "
  • where to send them
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send original documents.

    ", + "

    Do not send your BRP - you\u2019ll need to keep this as proof of identity.

    ", + "

    If you have a compassionate reason for travelling

    ", + "

    If you urgently need a travel document for compassionate reasons, send additional supporting evidence by email. Compassionate reasons for travelling include:

    ", + "
  • you are seriously ill
    • ", + "
  • a family member or friend is seriously ill or has died
    • ", + "
  • you - or someone you care for - need to travel abroad for medical treatment that cannot be delayed
    • ", + "

    Attach a scan or photo of a letter confirming the reason for your travel. The letter must:

    ", + "
  • be from a doctor or hospital
    • ", + "
  • be on headed paper
    • ", + "
  • be in English, or be accompanied by a certified translation
    • ", + "
  • include your name
    • ", + "
  • include, where relevant, the name of the sick or dead person and their relationship to you
    • ", + "

    You can send a death certificate but it must be accompanied by the letter confirming the reason for your travel.

    ", + "

    Where to send your supporting email

    ", + "

    Send your email with supporting evidence to the Home Office travel document enquiries team.

    ", + "

    Put \u2018New application enquiry \u2013 urgent compassionate case\u2019 and your name in the subject line.

    ", + "

    Withdrawing your application

    ", + "

    You can withdraw your application at any time. In most cases you will not get a refund.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get a refund of your application fee if both of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you withdraw your application within 7 days of submitting it
    • ", + "
  • you do not need to provide biometric information or go to a visa application centre as part of your application
    • ", + "

    Email the Home Office travel document enquiries team to withdraw your application.

    ", + "

    Report your lost or stolen travel document

    ", + "

    If your travel document is lost or stolen, you must report it to the Home Office. Email the Home Office travel document enquiries team with:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your nationality
    • ", + "

    If you have them, you must also provide your:

    ", + "
  • travel document number
    • ", + "
  • Home Office reference number
    • ", + "
  • biometric residence permit (BRP) number
    • ", + "
  • police report and crime reference number
    • ", + "

    Reporting your document as lost or stolen does not mean that you have requested a new one.

    ", + "

    You must also report and replace a lost or stolen BRP if you had one.

    ", + "

    Replace your document

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a new travel document if you are in the UK.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to confirm your identity and immigration status with biometric data before you can get your new document.

    ", + "

    If you lose your travel document outside the UK

    ", + "

    You will have to apply for a visa to return to the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been away for less than 2 years, you can get a replacement BRP visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been away from the UK for over 2 years, and you had indefinite leave to remain, you can apply online for a returning resident visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a temporary travel document if you are allowed to return. You may have to give your fingerprints to confirm your identity.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re back in the UK, you can apply to replace your travel document.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal an asylum support decision", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-first-tier-asylum-support-tribunal", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Asylum Support) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve applied for asylum support and been turned down
    • ", + "
  • you were claiming asylum support and it\u2019s been stopped
    • ", + "

    The tribunal must receive your appeal within 3 days of you getting the letter about the decision - you may be able to carry on claiming asylum support (if you were already getting it) while you appeal.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You may want to get help and advice before you appeal.

    ", + "

    Contact the Asylum Support Appeals Project for free advice and legal representation if you have an appeal at the First-tier Tribunal (Asylum Support).

    ", + "

    You can contact British Red Cross, Refugee Action and Refugee Council for advice and support - they may be able to find another organisation near to you.

    ", + "

    You can also get other legal advice, including from a lawyer.

    ", + "

    Apply to the tribunal

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 form. You must include:

    ", + "
  • why you\u2019re appealing (your \u2018grounds of appeal\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing against
    • ", + "
  • any documents that help support your appeal
    • ", + "
  • why your appeal is late (if it is)
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019d like a \u2018paper\u2019 or \u2018oral\u2019 hearing
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, most hearings are paper hearings. These are based on documents only. If a judge decides that an oral hearing is required, it will most likely be held by phone or video link.

    ", + "

    Read guidance on how cases are affected by coronavirus.

    ", + "

    If a judge decides you have to go to an oral hearing in person, you\u2019ll need to travel to London. The Home Office will pay for you to get there (usually by train). You\u2019ll get free accommodation the night before if you have far to travel.

    ", + "

    Send the form

    ", + "

    Post, email or fax the notice of appeal form to HM Courts and Tribunals Service. The contact details are on the form.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, it\u2019s taking longer than usual for staff to reply to forms sent by post.

    ", + "

    Call the helpline if you have any questions about completing the form. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    After you send your appeal

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally find out within a week of sending the form:

    ", + "
  • whether the tribunal will consider your case
    • ", + "
  • whether the tribunal needs more information, for example if your appeal was late
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll then be told when your hearing will take place, and whether it\u2019s paper or oral.

    ", + "

    If you have an oral hearing, you\u2019ll be told a few days before the hearing what documents to bring with you - or to send by post in advance. The letter will also tell you if the tribunal wants to call up any witnesses - you must contact them and make sure they appear at the hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the decision at the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you need to send more information

    ", + "

    If the tribunal asks you to send more information before the hearing, you may need to discuss this with a casework team.

    ", + "

    Contact the Section 95 casework team if you\u2019re an asylum seeker.

    ", + "

    Contact the Section 4 casework team if you\u2019ve been refused asylum.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing depends on whether you have a paper or oral hearing.

    ", + "

    Paper hearing

    ", + "

    You will not go to a paper hearing. A judge will make a decision based on:

    ", + "
  • your notice of appeal form
    • ", + "
  • your documents
    • ", + "
  • documents provided by the Home Office
    • ", + "

    Oral hearing

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, oral hearings will most likely be held via phone or video link.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll present your case to the judge - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The Home Office will present the case against you.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will provide you with an interpreter if you\u2019ve asked for one. They can translate what happens during the tribunal but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    You may be asked questions by:

    ", + "
  • your legal representative (if you have one)
    • ", + "
  • the Home Office\u2019s representative
    • ", + "
  • the judge
    • ", + "

    The hearing is public. Family and friends can attend. If the hearing is in person, they\u2019ll have to pay their own travel costs unless they are witnesses.

    ", + "

    Children can only attend if you cannot make childcare arrangements. They can either:

    ", + "
  • wait in the waiting room with your family or friends
    • ", + "
  • be with you during the hearing
    • ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the decision either:

    ", + "
  • at the oral hearing (if you have one) - you\u2019ll also get full written reasons within 3 days
    • ", + "
  • by post the day after the paper hearing
    • ", + "

    The judge will either:

    ", + "
  • allow the appeal - this means you\u2019ll either get asylum support, or carry on getting it
    • ", + "
  • turn down (\u2018dismiss\u2019) your appeal
    • ", + "
  • ask the Home Office to look at the decision again (known as \u2018remitting\u2019 the appeal)
    • ", + "

    The judge\u2019s decision is final - you cannot appeal again.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a judicial review of the decision if your appeal was turned down and you think the judge did not follow the law correctly. Talk to a solicitor as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    You cannot complain about the decision - you can only complain about the tribunal staff and the way the hearing took place.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    Search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on:

    ", + "
  • Immigration and Asylum Act 1999
    • ", + "
  • Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002
    • ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008 and Amendments to the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008.

    ", + "

    Failed asylum seekers

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on:

    ", + "
  • section 4, Immigration and Asylum Act 1999
    • ", + "
  • Immigration and Asylum Regulations 2005
    • ", + "

    If asylum support was stopped while the application was being considered

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on:

    ", + "
  • section 95, Immigration and Asylum 1999
    • ", + "
  • Asylum Support Regulations 2000
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Ask for a visa administrative review", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ask-for-a-visa-administrative-review", + "contents": [ + "

    If you're outside the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told in your application refusal letter if you can ask for the decision on your visa application to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can only ask for an administrative review if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • you applied outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015
    • ", + "
  • you do not have a right of appeal against the refusal
    • ", + "
  • you did not make an application as a short term student or a visitor (except if you applied as an S2 Healthcare Visitor)
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to ask for an administrative review if you applied:

    ", + "
  • to the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • as a Frontier Worker
    • ", + "
  • as an S2 Healthcare Visitor
    • ", + "
  • as a Service Provider from Switzerland
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply for an administrative review within 28 days of getting the decision. It costs \u00a380.

    ", + "

    You can apply online.

    ", + "

    The decision will be checked for the errors you point out.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 calendar days.

    ", + "

    You cannot request a second review (unless the result of the first review found new reasons why you were refused).

    ", + "

    Withdraw your request

    ", + "

    Your request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you make any other immigration or visa application.

    ", + "

    Your request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.

    ", + "

    You can email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.

    ", + "

    You must include your name, date of birth, nationality and your Global Web Form (GWF) reference number.

    ", + "

    Your GWF reference number was given to you when you first applied. You can find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    If you're in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told in your application refusal letter if you can ask for the decision on your visa application to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can ask for your application to be reviewed if one of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your application was refused
    • ", + "
  • your application was granted but you\u2019re unhappy with the amount or conditions of your leave
    • ", + "

    This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal if you\u2019re not eligible for an administrative review.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to ask for an administrative review if you applied:

    ", + "
  • to the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • as a Frontier Worker
    • ", + "
  • as an S2 Healthcare Visitor
    • ", + "
  • as a Service Provider from Switzerland
    • ", + "

    Apply for administrative review

    ", + "

    If your application was refused, you must apply for an administrative review within 14 days of getting the decision.

    ", + "

    Your refusal letter will tell you how to apply. You may be able to apply online. It costs \u00a380.

    ", + "

    You must apply within 7 days if you\u2019ve been detained.

    ", + "

    If your application was granted but you\u2019re unhappy with the amount or conditions of your leave, you must email the Home Office within 14 days of getting your biometric residence permit.

    ", + "

    Contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if you have a general enquiry about immigration.

    ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    The decision will be checked for the errors you point out. Do not send new information or documents for review unless you\u2019ve been asked to.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 days. You cannot request a second review (unless the result included new reasons why you were refused).

    ", + "

    If your visa\u2019s expired, you will not usually be removed from the UK until your review has been completed.

    ", + "

    Withdraw your request

    ", + "

    Your request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you:

    ", + "
  • make any other immigration or visa application
    • ", + "
  • ask for your passport back so you can travel
    • ", + "
  • leave the UK
    • ", + "

    Your request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.

    ", + "

    You can also email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.

    ", + "

    You must include your name, date of birth, nationality and either your administrative review payment reference number or Home Office reference number in your email.

    ", + "

    If your visa was cancelled at the border

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told in your decision letter if you can ask for the decision to cancel your visa to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can ask for the decision to be reviewed if your visa was cancelled for one or more of the following reasons:

    ", + "
  • there has been a change in your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • you gave false information
    • ", + "
  • you failed to include relevant facts
    • ", + "

    Apply for administrative review

    ", + "

    Your letter will tell you how to apply. It costs \u00a380.

    ", + "

    If you were given temporary admission to the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply for an administrative review within 14 days of your visa being cancelled or 7 days if you are detained. You need to do this from the UK.

    ", + "

    If your visa was cancelled at border controls outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply for an administrative review within 28 days of your visa being cancelled in any of the following cities:

    ", + "
  • Paris
    • ", + "
  • Brussels
    • ", + "
  • Dunkirk
    • ", + "
  • Coquelles
    • ", + "
  • Calais
    • ", + "
  • Lille
    • ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    The decision will be checked for the errors you point out. Do not send new information or documents unless you\u2019ve been asked to.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 days. You cannot request a second review (unless the result included new reasons for the cancellation of your leave).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the UK, you will not usually be removed until your review has been completed.

    ", + "

    Withdraw your request

    ", + "

    Your request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you:

    ", + "
  • make any other immigration or visa application
    • ", + "
  • ask for your passport back so you can travel
    • ", + "
  • leave the UK
    • ", + "

    Your request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.

    ", + "

    You can also email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.

    ", + "

    You must include your name, date of birth, nationality and either your administrative review payment reference number or Home Office reference number in your email.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Find an immigration removal centre", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-removal-centre", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can visit someone in an immigration removal centre or short term holding facility.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a surgical mask when you arrive at the immigration removal centre that you must wear, unless you are exempt.

    ", + "

    You must also follow social distancing guidelines while you\u2019re at the centre.

    ", + "

    Check with the centre:

    ", + "
  • what the visiting hours are
    • ", + "
  • if you need to book an appointment
    • ", + "
  • what ID you need
    • ", + "
  • what items you\u2019re allowed to take with you - you may be searched when you arrive
    • ", + "

    You may be able to contact someone in a removal centre by phone, email or video call. Contact the immigration removal centre to check.

    ", + "

    Brook House, Gatwick

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 5:30pm and 6pm to 9pm each day. Last admission is at 8.30pm.

    ", + "

    You must book at least one day in advance, between 8am and 9pm.

    ", + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • passport or travel document
    • ", + "
  • driving licence (paper and photo sections)
    • ", + "

    Or you can bring 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • birth or marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • rail or bus pass with photo
    • ", + "
  • employer\u2019s ID or student card with photo
    • ", + "
  • young person\u2019s proof of age card
    • ", + "
  • trade union membership card
    • ", + "
  • older person\u2019s bus pass
    • ", + "
  • benefits book
    • ", + "
  • application registration card (ARC)
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a free bus service from Atlantic House to Brook House with a stop at Tinsley House. The pick-up point is in front of Atlantic House, just outside Gatwick South Terminal.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a free on-site car park. If you use a sat nav, use the street name Perimeter Road South, not the postcode.

    ", + "

    Colnbrook, Middlesex

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day.

    ", + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • photo ID (passport or driving licence)
    • ", + "
  • utility bill showing your name and address
    • ", + "

    Dungavel House, South Lanarkshire

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 1:30pm to 8:30pm.

    ", + "

    You must bring 1 type of photo ID (passport, driving licence), or 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • birth or marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • rail or bus pass with photo
    • ", + "
  • employer\u2019s ID or student card
    • ", + "
  • young person\u2019s proof of age card
    • ", + "
  • trade union membership card
    • ", + "
  • older person\u2019s bus pass
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a free bus service between Hamilton bus and train station and Dungavel House.

    ", + "

    Harmondsworth, Middlesex

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day.

    ", + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • photo ID (a passport or driving licence)
    • ", + "
  • utility bill showing your name and address
    • ", + "

    Larne House short term holding facility, Antrim

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day \u2013 you must book in advance.

    ", + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • photo ID (passport or driving licence)
    • ", + "
  • utility bill showing your name and address
    • ", + "

    Morton Hall, Lincolnshire

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are:

    ", + "
  • 1:30pm to 4:15pm every day except Thursday
    • ", + "
  • 1:30pm to 8:15pm on Thursday
    • ", + "

    You must book in advance.

    ", + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • photo ID (passport or driving licence)
    • ", + "
  • utility bill or bank statement, less than 3 months old, showing your name and address
    • ", + "

    You can use a free taxi service available to and from Lincoln and Newark rail stations. You must book at least 24 hours in advance on 01522 666 819.

    ", + "

    Manchester short term holding facility

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day. You must book in advance.

    ", + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • photo ID (passport or driving licence)
    • ", + "
  • utility bill showing your name and address
    • ", + "

    Follow the signs to World Freight Terminal. Building 302 is on the right hand side of the road.

    ", + "

    Tinsley House, Gatwick

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 5.30pm and 6pm to 9pm each day. Last admission is at 8:30pm.

    ", + "

    You must book at least one day in advance, between 8am and 9pm.

    ", + "

    Everyone who visits must have ID, including children. You must bring one of the following:

    ", + "
  • passport or travel document
    • ", + "
  • driving licence (paper and photo sections)
    • ", + "

    Or you can bring 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • birth or marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • rail or bus pass with photo
    • ", + "
  • employer\u2019s ID or student card
    • ", + "
  • young person\u2019s proof of age card
    • ", + "
  • trade union membership card
    • ", + "
  • older person\u2019s bus pass
    • ", + "
  • benefits book
    • ", + "
  • application registration card (ARC)
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a free bus service from Atlantic House to Tinsley House with a stop at Brook House. The pick-up point is in front of Atlantic House, just outside Gatwick South Terminal.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a free on-site car park. If you use a sat nav, use the street name Perimeter Road South, not the postcode.

    ", + "

    Yarl's Wood, Bedfordshire

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 5pm and 6pm to 9pm each day.

    ", + "

    You must book at least one day in advance.

    ", + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • photo ID (passport or driving licence)
    • ", + "
  • utility bill showing your name and address
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a bus service between Bedford station and Yarl\u2019s Wood.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Get help to return home if you\u2019re a migrant in the UK", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/return-home-voluntarily", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can get help to return to your home country. This is known as \u2018voluntary return\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you are eligible, the voluntary returns service can:

    ", + "
  • explain your options for returning home
    • ", + "
  • help you get travel documents, such as a passport
    • ", + "
  • pay for travel tickets, if you are unable to
    • ", + "

    You can still get help if you\u2019re already making your own plans to return to your home country.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible to apply for financial support of up to \u00a33,000, which you can use to find somewhere to live, find a job or start a business in your home country.

    ", + "

    Who can get help

    ", + "

    You can usually apply for help to return home (\u2018voluntary return\u2019) if any of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in the UK illegally or have overstayed your visa or permission to stay
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve withdrawn, or want to withdraw, your application to stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve made a claim for asylum in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have a letter from UK Visas and Immigration confirming you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery
    • ", + "

    When you cannot apply

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for voluntary return if you:

    ", + "
  • are currently being investigated by the police or detained by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • have been given a prison sentence that\u2019s 12 months or longer
    • ", + "
  • have been convicted of an immigration offence and given a deportation order
    • ", + "
  • have already been given humanitarian protection, indefinite leave to remain or refugee status in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have a Service Providers from Switzerland visa
    • ", + "
  • have a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • have an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for voluntary return if you either:

    ", + "
  • applied for, or have, settled or pre-settled status under the EU settlement scheme - even if you withdraw your application
    • ", + "
  • started living in the UK before 1 January 2021 and meet the \u2018right to reside\u2019 criteria
    • ", + "

    Who can get financial support

    ", + "

    The voluntary returns service can provide up to \u00a33,000 in financial support to help you after you leave the UK. If you are eligible, you will receive a single payment on a card before you leave the UK. You can only use the card in your home country.

    ", + "

    You can apply for financial support if any of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you are returning to a \u2018developing country\u2019, as defined by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
    • ", + "
  • your claim for asylum in the UK has been refused
    • ", + "
  • you have a letter from UK Visas and Immigration confirming you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re part of a family group that will travel together, including someone under 18 years old
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 18 and travelling alone
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 21 and a care leaver
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re sleeping rough
    • ", + "
  • you need more help with your return - for example, because you have a medical condition
    • ", + "

    Contact the voluntary returns service if you\u2019re not sure whether or not you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To apply online for help to return to your home country you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your address in the UK
    • ", + "
  • an email address
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply if you\u2019ve booked a flight to leave the UK in the next 7 days.

    ", + "

    Apply for help online to return to your home country.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have access to the internet or a device
    • ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online

    ", + "

    Contact the voluntary returns service.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The Home Office will contact you within 3 days to let you know they\u2019ve received your application.

    ", + "

    You might need to provide further information to support your application. Your application can be cancelled if you do not do this.

    ", + "

    If your passport or travel document is being held by the Home Office, it will be returned to you at the airport when you leave the UK.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Registered Traveller: faster entry through the UK border", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registered-traveller", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The Registered Traveller service can help you get through the UK border faster.

    ", + "

    Registered Travellers can use UK channels at some airports and train stations. You can use:

    ", + "
  • UK passport entry lanes
    • ", + "
  • ePassport gates - if your passport has a \u2018chip\u2019
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to carry your visa or biometric residence permit, if you have one.

    ", + "

    You can no longer use the Registered Traveller service if you\u2019re from Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea or the United States. You may be able to use the ePassport gates instead.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To apply for Registered Traveller membership, you must be 18 or older and have an eligible passport.

    ", + "

    You must also either:

    ", + "
  • have a UK visa or entry clearance
    • ", + "
  • have visited the UK at least 4 times in the last 24 months
    • ", + "

    It counts as visiting when you enter the UK from another country. It does not count if you\u2019re just passing through the UK on your way to another country.

    ", + "

    Eligible passports

    ", + "

    Africa

    ", + "

    Botswana, Namibia, Seychelles.

    ", + "

    Asia

    ", + "

    Brunei, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region passports only), Macao Special Administrative Region, Malaysia, Maldives, Taiwan (if your passport has a personal ID number on the photo page).

    ", + "

    Europe

    ", + "

    Andorra, Monaco, Vatican City State.

    ", + "

    Middle East

    ", + "

    Israel.

    ", + "

    North America

    ", + "

    Bahamas, Mexico, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

    ", + "

    Oceania

    ", + "

    Nauru, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Tonga.

    ", + "

    South and Central America

    ", + "

    Argentina, Belize, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay.

    ", + "

    Where you can use Registered Traveller

    ", + "

    You can use the service at the following airports:

    ", + "
  • Birmingham
    • ", + "
  • Bristol
    • ", + "
  • Cardiff
    • ", + "
  • East Midlands
    • ", + "
  • Edinburgh
    • ", + "
  • Gatwick
    • ", + "
  • Glasgow
    • ", + "
  • Heathrow
    • ", + "
  • London City
    • ", + "
  • Luton
    • ", + "
  • Manchester
    • ", + "
  • Southend
    • ", + "
  • Stansted
    • ", + "

    You can use the service at the following Eurostar terminals:

    ", + "
  • Brussels
    • ", + "
  • Lille
    • ", + "
  • Paris
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Before you apply, check you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "
  • Apply online for Registered Traveller membership. You\u2019ll need your passport number and expiry date. It costs \u00a370 and and lasts 12 months.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 10 working days. You\u2019ll get \u00a350 back if your application is unsuccessful.
    • ", + "
  • If your application is accepted, the next time you travel to the UK you must go through the \u2018other passports\u2019 lane.
    • ", + "
  • The immigration officer will check that you meet the criteria and tell you if you can become a member. Your 12 month membership will start on the day you submitted your application.
    • ", + "

    Renew or update your membership

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a350 to renew your Registered Traveller membership for another year.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a320 to update your passport details if you get a new passport. You must do this before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    You must also update your details if your visa or immigration status changes. There\u2019s no fee to do this.

    ", + "

    You can also renew or update your child\u2019s membership.

    ", + "

    Add children to your membership

    ", + "

    You can apply to add your children to your Registered Traveller membership if you have 29 days or more left on it.

    ", + "

    Once your child is added to your membership, you can both use the UK passport lanes together.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to use the ePassport gates.

    ", + "

    Your child\u2019s membership will expire at the same time as yours. You\u2019ll need to renew or update your and your child\u2019s memberships separately.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve added the child to your membership, they can also travel with their other parent as long as they\u2019re also a member. Before they travel together, you\u2019ll need to email the Home Office with full names and Registered Traveller numbers for:

    ", + "
  • you
    • ", + "
  • your child
    • ", + "
  • your child\u2019s other parent
    • ", + "

    Home Office Registered Traveller service\nrtinbox@homeoffice.gov.uk

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your child must:

    ", + "
  • be 17 or under
    • ", + "
  • have an eligible passport
    • ", + "
  • have a visa or entry clearance, if they\u2019re not applying as a visitor
    • ", + "

    Fee

    ", + "

    You must pay a \u00a320 administration fee to apply for each child, plus a membership fee. This is worked out as \u00a32 a month until your membership expires.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the membership fee back if your application is unsuccessful. You will not get the \u00a320 administration fee back.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply and pay for each child separately.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your:

    ", + "

    \u2022 Registered Traveller number\n\u2022 child\u2019s passport number and expiry date

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 10 working days.

    ", + "

    Renew or update your child\u2019s membership

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to sign in with your child\u2019s Registered Traveller number and date of birth to renew or update their membership.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a membership fee to renew your child\u2019s membership, which is worked out as \u00a32 a month until your membership expires.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a320 to update your child\u2019s passport details if they get a new passport. You must do this before your child travels to the UK.

    ", + "

    You must also update your child\u2019s details if their visa or immigration status changes. There\u2019s no fee to do this.

    ", + "

    When you travel to the UK

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, the first time you and your child travel to the UK you must both go through the \u2018other passports\u2019 lane together.

    ", + "

    You might need to prove the relationship between you and any children travelling with you, for example if you have different surnames.

    ", + "

    You can do this with:

    ", + "

    \u2022 a birth or adoption certificate showing your relationship to the child\n\u2022 a divorce or marriage certificate if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname to the child

    ", + "

    The immigration officer will then confirm your child has been added to your membership. You\u2019ll get a confirmation email within 48 hours.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Appeal a decision against financial assistance for a reservist", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/financial-assistance-mobilised-service", + "contents": [ + "

    Appeal to the tribunal

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals (RFAT) if your claim for financial assistance has been turned down.

    ", + "

    The tribunal must receive your appeal within 5 days of you getting the decision letter or your application will be rejected.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re going to miss the deadline and have a valid reason for doing so, then say why in your notice of appeal. Extensions are only granted in exceptional circumstances.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    Contact RFAT or your legal representative if you have any questions about appealing. RFAT cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    You can find legal advice, including from a lawyer.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Write a letter called a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 to the Secretary of Tribunals.

    ", + "

    You must include:

    ", + "
  • your name, address and telephone number
    • ", + "
  • a statement that it\u2019s a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the grounds for appealing the decision
    • ", + "
  • what you want the tribunal to decide (known as the \u2018determination\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • whether you want to attend the hearing
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ll be legally represented
    • ", + "
  • the names and addresses of any witnesses
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing
    • ", + "
  • all documents that were part of your original application
    • ", + "
  • any relevant documents that were not part of your original application and the reasons why they were not included
    • ", + "

    Send your letter

    ", + "

    You can email, fax, post or deliver your notice of appeal in person to:

    ", + "

    After you send your appeal

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told straight away when your appeal has been received.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be given:

    ", + "
  • a case name
    • ", + "
  • a case number
    • ", + "
  • an address for sending any further letters and documents to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • a hearing date
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally find out within a week of sending your notice of appeal:

    ", + "
  • whether the tribunal will consider your case
    • ", + "
  • whether the Armed Forces opposes the appeal and why
    • ", + "
  • if the tribunal needs more information
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get another letter a few days before the hearing telling you what documents to bring with you, or send by post in advance.

    ", + "

    Witnesses

    ", + "

    The tribunal may suggest witnesses. You must contact them and make sure they appear at the hearing.

    ", + "

    The tribunal can force witnesses to appear at the hearing if you\u2019re unable to do it yourself - the tribunal will tell you how.

    ", + "

    What happens at a tribunal hearing

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You (or your legal representative) will present your case to the tribunal. An \u2018adjudication officer\u2019 will represent the Armed Forces.

    ", + "

    Both sides can to give evidence, call witnesses, question witnesses and make statements to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    If neither side wants to attend a hearing, a decision will be made without a hearing. This is called a \u2018paper hearing\u2019.

    ", + "

    You and any witnesses who attend a hearing may be able to claim for expenses you have, for example accommodation or travel.

    ", + "

    Hearings are usually held in public.

    ", + "

    The tribunal\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    You may get a decision at the end of the hearing. You\u2019ll also get a written copy sent to you.

    ", + "

    If a decision\u2019s not made at the hearing, you\u2019ll get a letter telling you the decision within 1 month. This is known as a \u2018reserved\u2019 decision.

    ", + "

    If you're unhappy with the tribunal's decision

    ", + "

    You cannot appeal if you lose the case.

    ", + "

    In exceptional circumstances, you may be able to ask for the tribunal to review its decision, for example if:

    ", + "
  • new evidence becomes available
    • ", + "
  • the Secretary of Tribunals made a mistake in the proceedings
    • ", + "
  • someone had the right to attend the hearing but could not, and had a valid reason for doing so
    • ", + "
  • something else has gone wrong that\u2019s made the process or decision unfair (known as a review \u2018in the interests of justice\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You can get legal advice, including from a lawyer if you need help.

    ", + "

    Write to the Secretary of Tribunals within 5 days of getting the decision.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The tribunal can:

    ", + "
  • \u2018set aside\u2019 the decision - this means you\u2019ll have another hearing
    • ", + "
  • change the decision
    • ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process in:

    ", + "
  • the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals Rules 1997
    • ", + "
  • Part IX of the Reserve Forces Act 1996
    • ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the Reserve Forces (Call-out and Recall) (Financial Assistance) Regulations 2005.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Rights and responsibilities for reservists and employers", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employee-reservist", + "contents": [ + "

    Introduction

    ", + "

    Members of the reserve armed forces (reservists) and their employers have certain rights and responsibilities when a reservist:

    ", + "
  • joins up or starts a new job
    • ", + "
  • is called up for service (mobilised)
    • ", + "
  • returns to work
    • ", + "

    Financial support is available for both employers and reservists when they\u2019re called up.

    ", + "

    Time off for training

    ", + "

    Employers do not have to allow time off for training, but may choose to.

    ", + "

    Training for reservists is usually made up of:

    ", + "
  • one evening a week
    • ", + "
  • several weekends throughout the year
    • ", + "
  • a 15-day training course each year
    • ", + "

    Find employers that support reservists.

    ", + "

    Redundancy

    ", + "

    Reservists cannot be made redundant due to training or mobilisation. They must be treated the same as other employees if there are redundancies because of closure or business problems.

    ", + "

    How the employer is notified

    ", + "

    Reservists need to give their employer\u2019s details to their commanding officer. Employers then usually get a letter from the Ministry of Defence (MOD) within 5 weeks of an employee signing up.

    ", + "

    MOD does not contact employers in Northern Ireland, but reservists still need to give details of their employer to their commanding officer.

    ", + "

    Reservists only have to tell their employer themselves if it\u2019s a condition of their job that they do not take any other work.

    ", + "

    When an existing reservist changes jobs

    ", + "

    Reservists should tell their commanding officer, who\u2019ll tell the new employer.

    ", + "

    Asking MOD not to tell an employer

    ", + "

    Reservists can ask MOD not to tell their employer if they have a good reason, for example it would put them at a disadvantage if their employer knew.

    ", + "

    Apply to your commanding officer for an \u2018employer notification waiver\u2019. The waiver lasts for 12 months, but you can apply to renew it.

    ", + "

    If the reservist is called up

    ", + "

    In most cases the reservist will get 28 days\u2019 notice when they\u2019re called up (mobilised). They should let their employer know as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    Mobilisation

    ", + "

    Reservists will be sent a \u2018call-out notice\u2019 if they\u2019re needed for full-time service. This is known as \u2018mobilisation\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must answer your call-out notice - the letter will tell you what to do.

    ", + "

    In most cases, reservists get 28 days\u2019 notice, but they could get less if they\u2019re needed urgently.

    ", + "

    As a reservist, you should tell your employer as soon as possible when you know you\u2019re being mobilised. Employers will also be sent a pack about their rights and responsibilities.

    ", + "

    Financial assistance

    ", + "

    Financial assistance is available for both reservists and employers.

    ", + "

    Reservists\u2019 rights

    ", + "

    Employers can be fined in court and made to pay compensation if they end a reservist\u2019s employment because of mobilisation.

    ", + "

    After service, reservists have a right to return to the same job.

    ", + "

    Apply to delay or cancel mobilisation

    ", + "

    You can apply to delay or cancel mobilisation:

    ", + "
  • as a reservist, if you\u2019re called up at a difficult time (for example, you\u2019re caring for someone or you\u2019re in full-time education)
    • ", + "
  • as an employer, if it would seriously harm your business (for example, by causing financial harm or making it difficult to produce goods or provide services)
    • ", + "

    You can apply to:

    ", + "
  • defer mobilisation for up to a year - you\u2019ll get a new date to report for duty
    • ", + "
  • get an exemption for a year or more - you will not be called out again until it expires
    • ", + "
  • cancel (revoke) mobilisation if you\u2019ve already been mobilised
    • ", + "

    Deadline for applying

    ", + "

    Reservists and employers must apply within 7 days of getting the call-out notice. If you miss this deadline, you\u2019ll have to get permission from the adjudication officer to make a late application.

    ", + "

    If your application is unsuccessful you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Who to contact

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already been mobilised contact your commanding officer.

    ", + "

    To apply to delay or cancel mobilisation, contact one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the person named in the notice
    • ", + "
  • the adjudication officer at the mobilisation centre
    • ", + "
  • the adjudication officer for the service
    • ", + "

    Apply in writing by email, post or fax.

    ", + "

    Financial support for reservists

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re called up for service you can claim financial support to cover:

    ", + "
  • the difference between your civilian pay and your service pay
    • ", + "
  • the cost of any benefits in kind your employer stops
    • ", + "

    The total amount you can claim is \u00a3400 a day.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re serving as a medical consultant with the defence medical services, you can claim up to \u00a3822 a day.

    ", + "

    Company benefits

    ", + "

    You can claim for benefits normally provided by your employer, including:

    ", + "
  • health insurance or medical care
    • ", + "
  • life insurance
    • ", + "
  • education fees for dependent children
    • ", + "
  • accommodation
    • ", + "

    If you have to return a company car that\u2019s used by your partner (for example, husband or wife), children or dependent relatives, you can claim \u00a310.70 a day (around \u00a3325 a month).

    ", + "

    Pension contributions

    ", + "

    While you\u2019re mobilised you can either:

    ", + "
  • ask for the days you\u2019re mobilised to count towards the Armed Forces Pension Scheme
    • ", + "
  • keep contributing to your personal or work pension (the Ministry of Defence will pay your employer\u2019s contributions)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed, a partner or a company director, you can claim for:

    ", + "
  • the difference between your service pay and earnings from your business
    • ", + "
  • up to \u00a32,000 business costs from stopping trading
    • ", + "
  • agency fees and advertising for finding and training your replacement
    • ", + "

    Expenses you cannot claim

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for expenses that you were already paying before you were mobilised. For example, you cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • care of a dependent child or relative
    • ", + "
  • care of a pet
    • ", + "
  • house insurance
    • ", + "
  • maintenance on your home
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Employees get instructions about how to claim in the mobilisation pack.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed, a partner or a company director, use the claim form for employers.

    ", + "

    When to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim any time after your service begins and up to 4 weeks after it ends.

    ", + "

    Appeal a rejected claim

    ", + "

    You can appeal if your claim is turned down.

    ", + "

    Financial support for employers

    ", + "

    You can claim financial support if a reservist you employ is called up.

    ", + "

    Do not pay their salary or pension contributions while they\u2019re away - the Ministry of Defence (MOD) pays these costs. You\u2019ll need to make changes in your payroll system.

    ", + "

    You can apply to delay or cancel mobilisation if it will seriously harm your business.

    ", + "

    What you can get

    ", + "

    You can claim financial assistance to cover:

    ", + "
  • the cost of a temporary replacement if it\u2019s more than the reservist\u2019s salary (up to \u00a3110 a day)
    • ", + "
  • advertising costs and agency fees for finding a replacement
    • ", + "
  • a period of handover and takeover (5 days before and after mobilisation)
    • ", + "
  • 75% of the cost of specialist clothing for the replacement (up to \u00a3300)
    • ", + "
  • training costs for the replacement (up to \u00a32,000)
    • ", + "
  • overtime, if other employees cover the work
    • ", + "
  • training the reservist needs to carry on their job when they return
    • ", + "

    Extra support for small and medium-sized businesses

    ", + "

    You can claim \u00a3500 a month in addition to the costs of replacing and retraining the reservist unless both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your annual turnover was more than \u00a325.9 million in the 12 months before the reservist was called up
    • ", + "
  • you had more than 250 employees or partners on the date of mobilisation
    • ", + "

    These are known as employer incentive payments.

    ", + "

    What you cannot claim for

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • loss of profits, turnover or goodwill
    • ", + "
  • your reservist\u2019s salary or pension contributions if you keep paying them
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the claim form. Print it out, sign it and either scan and email it or post it. The addresses are on the form.

    ", + "

    When to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim before the reservist leaves, but you will not get a payment until they\u2019ve started service. You cannot claim later than 4 weeks after the last day of their service.

    ", + "

    You can claim for costs as they arise - you do not have to claim for them all at once.

    ", + "

    Costs for training should be claimed within 8 weeks of the end of the training.

    ", + "

    Help for employers

    ", + "

    If you need further help, email Defence Relationship Management (DRM).

    ", + "

    Payroll reporting for employers

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make some changes in your payroll software if your reservist is mobilised.

    ", + "

    If their service will be less than 12 months

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve started their service:

    ", + "
  • put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Irregular payment pattern indicator\u2019 in the next Full Payment Submission (FPS) you send to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • change their tax code to \u2018BR M1\u2019 if they\u2019re paid monthly, or \u2018BR W1\u2019 if it\u2019s weekly
    • ", + "

    If their service will be more than 12 months

    ", + "

    Put a leaving date in your FPS and give them a P45. When they\u2019re back from service, give them a new payroll ID.

    ", + "

    Do not put a leaving date in your FPS or give them a P45 if their service was due to be less than 12 months but lasted longer.

    ", + "

    Returning to work

    ", + "

    After service, reservists are given a period of leave. If they want to return to work before the end of their leave they must get permission from either their commanding officer or the demobilisation centre.

    ", + "

    Employers cannot force a reservist to return to work before their leave finishes.

    ", + "

    Notice of returning to work

    ", + "

    Reservists should write to their employer as soon as they know when they can return to work. This must be no later than the third Monday after their last day of service.

    ", + "

    Employers must re-employ them as soon as they\u2019re able to.

    ", + "

    Returning to the same job

    ", + "

    Reservists are entitled to return to the same type of job they were doing before they were mobilised, on the same terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    If the job no longer exists, they\u2019re entitled to a reasonable alternative.

    ", + "

    How long reservists must be re-employed for

    ", + "

    Employers must offer reservists employment for a certain amount of time, depending on how long they were employed by them before mobilisation.

    ", + "Weeks of employment before mobilisation | Number of weeks reservist must be re-employed for", + "Up to 13 | At least 13", + "Between 13 and 51 | At least 26", + "52 weeks or more | At least 52", + "

    Problems returning to work

    ", + "

    If you are not re-employed you can apply to a tribunal. They can instruct your former employer to re-employ you or award you financial compensation.

    ", + "

    Write to the tribunal if, after telling your employer you\u2019re returning to work:

    ", + "
  • you do not hear back from them
    • ", + "
  • they will not re-employ you
    • ", + "
  • they offer you a job you\u2019re not happy with
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Send mail with the British Forces Post Office (BFPO)", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bfpo", + "contents": [ + "

    Find a BFPO number

    ", + "

    You can use the British Forces Post Office (BFPO) if you\u2019re sending mail to:

    ", + "
  • serving armed forces personnel and their families
    • ", + "
  • an employee of the Ministry of Defence (MOD), or another official organisation, who\u2019s entitled to use BFPO
    • ", + "

    You should only use BFPO to send mail to someone you know - there are other ways to support members of the armed forces.

    ", + "

    Check for updates to postal services, including changes to services because of Christmas, coronavirus or problems like severe weather or industrial action.

    ", + "

    BFPO numbers

    ", + "

    See a list of all BFPO locations with their numbers and postcodes.

    ", + "

    Only use postcodes when ordering items from UK-based websites.

    ", + "

    How to address BFPO mail

    ", + "

    Write the address clearly in capital letters, keeping exactly to the format for the role of the person you\u2019re posting to.

    ", + "

    Write a return address on the back of the mail.

    ", + "

    Use a BFPO postcode if you\u2019re ordering goods online, or a BFPO number for anything else.

    ", + "

    If you use a BFPO postcode instead of a BFPO number, it\u2019ll still arrive but it may take longer.

    ", + "

    Write \u2018GB\u2019 after the BFPO number or postcode if you\u2019re posting mail from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Your mail may be delayed or sent to the wrong place if you:

    ", + "
  • include the location (such as the town or country) in the address when using a BFPO number
    • ", + "
  • write anything else on the packaging
    • ", + "

    Address format for service personnel

    ", + "

    Address format for family

    ", + "

    Use this format if the item is for a dependant of a serving member of HM Forces.

    ", + "

    Address format for non-service personnel

    ", + "

    Use this format if the item is for an employee of the Ministry of Defence (MOD), or another official organisation, who\u2019s entitled to use BFPO.

    ", + "

    Customs declarations

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make a customs declaration if you\u2019re sending something outside of the UK.

    ", + "

    Parcels up to 2kg are delivered by Royal Mail. You must include:

    ", + "
  • form CN22 - for contents worth up to \u00a3270
    • ", + "
  • form CN23 - for contents worth more than \u00a3270
    • ", + "

    Parcels over 2kg and up to 30kg are delivered by Parcelforce. You must include a form PFU 509/CP72 with these - get one from your local Post Office.

    ", + "

    Cost, size and weight

    ", + "

    The cost of using British Forces Post Office (BFPO) depends on the size and weight of the letter or parcel you\u2019re sending.

    ", + "

    Standard letter

    ", + "

    Length: up to 240mm \nWidth: up to 165mm \nThickness: up to 5mm

    ", + "Weight range | Cost", + "Up to 100g | \u00a30.85", + "

    Large letter

    ", + "

    Length: up to 353mm \nWidth: up to 250mm \nThickness: up to 25mm

    ", + "Weight range | Cost", + "Up to 100g | \u00a31.29", + "101g to 250g | \u00a31.83", + "251g to 500g | \u00a32.39", + "501g to 750g | \u00a33.30", + "

    Small parcels

    ", + "

    Length: up to 450mm \nWidth: up to 350mm \nThickness: up to 160mm

    ", + "Weight range | Cost", + "Up to 1,000g | \u00a33.85", + "1,001g to 2,000g | \u00a35.57", + "

    If you\u2019re sending a cylindrical parcel, double the diameter and add this to the length. The total cannot be more than 1,040mm. The biggest dimension cannot be more than 900mm.

    ", + "

    Medium parcels (Royal Mail)

    ", + "

    The medium parcels service is available at Forces Post Offices and UK Post Office branches.

    ", + "

    Add up the length, width and depth. This cannot be more than 900mm.

    ", + "Weight range | Cost", + "Up to 1kg | \u00a36", + "1.1kg to 2kg | \u00a39.02", + "Up to to 5kg | \u00a315.85", + "5.1kg to 10kg | \u00a321.90", + "10.1kg to 20kg | \u00a333.40", + "

    Worldwide parcels (ParcelForce)

    ", + "

    There are certain size and weight restrictions depending on which service you choose and where you\u2019re sending your parcel.

    ", + "Maximum weight | Cost", + "2kg | \u00a39", + "5kg | \u00a311.60", + "10kg | \u00a313.45", + "15kg | \u00a319.35", + "20kg | \u00a323.75", + "25kg | \u00a334.20", + "30kg | \u00a337.45", + "

    Enduring families free mail service (EFFMS)

    ", + "

    Families and friends in UK and BFPOs can send packets of up to 2kg, free of charge, to service personnel in certain operations and HM Ships.

    ", + "

    Read more about the enduring families free mail service.

    ", + "

    Compensation, insurance and special delivery

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on claiming compensation for items that are lost or damaged.

    ", + "

    What you cannot send

    ", + "

    You cannot send some items with British Forces Post Office mail, including:

    ", + "
  • alcoholic beverages
    • ", + "
  • arms and ammunition
    • ", + "
  • batteries
    • ", + "
  • Christmas crackers
    • ", + "
  • financial documents
    • ", + "
  • fragile items
    • ", + "
  • indecent, obscene or offensive articles
    • ", + "
  • prescription medicines and drugs sent for scientific purposes
    • ", + "
  • pressurised containers (including aerosols like deodorants and shaving foams or gels)
    • ", + "
  • sharp objects and instruments (including scissors and kitchen knives or utensils)
    • ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance for the full list of items you cannot send.

    ", + "

    If you send these items, your whole parcel may be delayed or returned to you.

    ", + "

    Buying goods online

    ", + "

    You can use the British Forces Post Office (BFPO) to order goods from certain UK-based online retailers.

    ", + "

    See the list of retailers in this scheme.

    ", + "

    Read the disclaimer and additional information if you want to use a company that is not on the list of approved retailers.

    ", + "

    Send an INtouch message

    ", + "

    The INtouch service has been discontinued and is no longer available.

    ", + "

    You can send letters using the enduring families free mail service (EFFMS).

    ", + "

    Contacts and enquiries

    ", + "

    Read the guidance about what to do if your mail has not arrived within 30 days.

    ", + "

    Other ways to get support

    ", + "

    BFPO is also on:

    ", + "
  • Twitter
    • ", + "
  • Facebook
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Tribunal", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-pension-armed-forces-compensation-tribunal", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber) if you disagree with a decision about your war pension or compensation.

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 1 year of getting your decision letter.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    There are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Decisions the tribunal can make

    ", + "

    The tribunal will decide whether your injury was caused or made worse by serving in the armed forces.

    ", + "

    If it was, it can then make decisions about:

    ", + "
  • your entitlement to a pension or compensation
    • ", + "
  • how much pension you get
    • ", + "
  • your entitlement to extra allowances, for example for mobility needs
    • ", + "
  • pension start dates
    • ", + "
  • withheld pensions
    • ", + "

    The tribunal deals with appeals for the 2 pension schemes currently running, which are:

    ", + "
  • the War Pensions Scheme - for injuries caused or made worse by service before 6 April 2005
    • ", + "
  • the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme - for injuries caused by service from 6 April 2005 onwards
    • ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You may want to get legal help or advice before you appeal.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get help from organisations including:

    ", + "
  • Combat Stress
    • ", + "
  • Blesma: The Limbless Veterans
    • ", + "
  • Burma Star Association
    • ", + "
  • National Gulf Veterans and Families Association (NGVFA)
    • ", + "
  • Royal Air Forces Association (RAFA)
    • ", + "
  • Royal British Legion (RBL)
    • ", + "
  • Soldiers Sailors and Airmen\u2019s Families Association Forces Help (SSAFA)
    • ", + "
  • UK Armed Forces Charities
    • ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    You should appeal within one year of getting your decision letter.

    ", + "

    Before you appeal

    ", + "

    Write a letter to Veterans UK and ask them to reconsider their decision. Explain why you think the decision is wrong and give any information not included in your original claim.

    ", + "

    They will look at your case again and write to you with their decision.

    ", + "

    Veterans UK was previously known as the Service Personnel and Veterans Agency (SPVA).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re still unhappy

    ", + "

    Contact the Veterans UK helpline and ask for an appeal form to take your case to the tribunal. Fill it in and send it back to Veterans UK.

    ", + "

    Call if you need help filling in the form.

    ", + "

    Late appeals

    ", + "

    In some cases you\u2019ll be allowed to appeal after one year, but you must explain why your appeal is late. You cannot appeal against any decision after 2 years.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    Veterans UK will send the response to your appeal to the tribunal - you\u2019ll get a copy of the response. The response will contain information given in your claim and the evidence used to make the decision under appeal, such as medical reports that you may regard as confidential.

    ", + "

    You can choose to reply in writing (a \u2018written submission\u2019) explaining why you disagree with the facts they used - you must do this within one month of receiving the copy.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will look at your case and ask for more information if they need it.

    ", + "

    You can also send any other evidence to support your case to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will tell you if there\u2019ll be a hearing about your case.

    ", + "

    There are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    The tribunal hearing

    ", + "

    There are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Hearings are usually held in major cities across England and Wales. You\u2019ll be told where you have to go.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will give you at least 14 days\u2019 notice of the date of any hearing. You should be given a hearing within 4 months of the tribunal receiving a response from Veterans UK.

    ", + "

    You must tell the tribunal if you cannot make it to the hearing - they might arrange another date if you have a good reason.

    ", + "

    The tribunal might hold the hearing without you if do not attend.

    ", + "

    Prepare for the hearing

    ", + "

    You can go to the hearing on your own or ask someone to help represent you. You can also call a witness to support your case.

    ", + "

    Organisations that can help represent you include:

    ", + "
  • Royal British Legion
    • ", + "
  • Royal Air Forces Association
    • ", + "
  • Combat Stress
    • ", + "
  • Blesma: The Limbless Veterans
    • ", + "
  • National Gulf Veterans and Families Association
    • ", + "
  • UK Armed Forces Charities
    • ", + "

    Take your appeal papers and the documents you\u2019re using as evidence to the hearing. You should give copies of any evidence to the tribunal and Veterans UK before the tribunal hearing.

    ", + "

    Tribunal panel

    ", + "

    The tribunal is made up of:

    ", + "
  • a judge
    • ", + "
  • a medical member
    • ", + "
  • a service member
    • ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    The judge, tribunal members, Veterans UK and your representative (if you have one) will ask you questions about your case.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will then question any witnesses you\u2019ve brought to the hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision from the tribunal on the day of the hearing.

    ", + "

    Expenses

    ", + "

    You might be able to claim expenses or compensation for:

    ", + "
  • travel (only in the UK)
    • ", + "
  • living expenses for the time you\u2019re away from home
    • ", + "
  • loss of earnings
    • ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    You can find out more about expenses or contact the tribunal for more information.

    ", + "

    If you lose your appeal

    ", + "

    You can ask the tribunal for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you lose your appeal.

    ", + "

    You must ask for permission to appeal within 6 weeks of getting the decision.

    ", + "

    The Upper Tribunal will look at the case to see if the original decision was correct.

    ", + "

    Reasons for appealing

    ", + "

    You can only appeal if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, including if the tribunal did not:

    ", + "
  • follow the right procedures - for example it did not tell you in time about the hearing
    • ", + "
  • give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts
    • ", + "
  • apply the law properly
    • ", + "

    Before appealing, ask the original tribunal for the written statement of reasons for its decision.

    ", + "

    Contact the Upper Tribunal

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make decisions based on:

    ", + "
  • the Pensions Appeal Tribunals Act 1943
    • ", + "
  • The Naval, Military and Air Forces Etc. (Disablement and Death) Service Pensions Order 2006
    • ", + "
  • the Armed Forces and Reserve Forces (Compensation Scheme) Order 2011
    • ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process set out in the:

    ", + "
  • the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber) Rules 2008
    • ", + "
  • the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Contact Jobcentre Plus", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contact-jobcentre-plus", + "contents": [ + "

    How to contact Jobcentre Plus

    ", + "

    You can contact Jobcentre Plus about:

    ", + "
  • new benefit claims
    • ", + "
  • existing benefit claims
    • ", + "
  • changing or cancelling an appointment
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Contact your nearest Jobcentre Plus

    ", + "

    If you want to contact your nearest office, you can find their details using the local office search.

    ", + "

    You can write to your nearest office by using their address from the local office search. Their address will also be on any letters you\u2019ve been sent.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    For Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) and Income Support, contact your Jobs and Benefits office. For Employment and Support Allowance (ESA), contact the ESA Centre.

    ", + "

    Complain about Jobcentre Plus

    ", + "

    You can complain about the service you\u2019ve received from Jobcentre Plus.

    ", + "

    Find a job

    ", + "

    Use the \u2018Find a job\u2019 service (previously Universal Jobmatch).

    ", + "

    Get a National Insurance number

    ", + "

    Apply for a National Insurance number or find your National Insurance number if you\u2019ve lost it.

    ", + "

    New benefit claims

    ", + "

    Call Jobcentre Plus to claim \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA).

    ", + "

    There are different contact details for:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "

    You can also claim Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance online.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call Jobcentre Plus to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to find out what benefits you could get.

    ", + "

    Existing benefit claims

    ", + "

    Call the appropriate number for your benefit to:

    ", + "
  • discuss a claim you\u2019ve made
    • ", + "
  • tell the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) about a change in your circumstances, for example if you start working or your income changes
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your National Insurance number when you call any of these numbers.

    ", + "

    Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA), Income Support, Incapacity Benefit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    For JSA and Income Support, contact your Jobs and Benefits office. For ESA, contact the ESA Centre.

    ", + "

    Universal Credit

    ", + "

    You can contact Jobcentre Plus by signing in to your online account - you\u2019ll get a reply Monday to Friday, 8am to 6pm.

    ", + "

    Social Fund

    ", + "

    Maternity Allowance

    ", + "

    Bereavement benefits

    ", + "

    Change or cancel an appointment

    ", + "

    Universal Credit appointments

    ", + "

    You can change or cancel a Universal Credit appointment by\u00a0signing in to your Universal Credit account.

    ", + "

    Other appointments

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Report a problem about a criminal record check or barring decision", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-problem-criminal-record-certificate", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) if they:

    ", + "
  • make a decision to add you to the list of people barred from certain roles
    • ", + "
  • have previously added you to the list of people barred from certain roles and you want them to review the decision
    • ", + "

    You can raise a dispute with DBS if they make a mistake on a DBS check.

    ", + "

    The mistake or decision can be changed if the appeal or dispute is successful.

    ", + "

    An employer or licensing authority can also appeal a DBS check if they\u2019ve talked to the applicant first.

    ", + "

    Dispute a mistake on your DBS certificate

    ", + "

    You can raise a dispute for a standard or enhanced check if you believe there\u2019s been a mistake in either:

    ", + "
  • the records provided, like wrong or irrelevant information on convictions
    • ", + "
  • personal information, like your name
    • ", + "

    There is a different process for disputing information on a basic check certificate.

    ", + "

    The police may ask for fingerprints to prove your identity if there\u2019s a mistake in the records.

    ", + "

    How to raise a dispute

    ", + "

    Report the mistake within 3 months of the date on the certificate.

    ", + "

    For mistakes in records

    ", + "

    Fill in the certificate dispute form.

    ", + "

    For mistakes in personal information

    ", + "

    Fill in Section A of the certificate dispute form, or call the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) customer services team.

    ", + "

    Dispute a DBS update service certificate change

    ", + "

    Call customer services if you subscribe to the DBS update service and want to dispute the status of a certificate. They\u2019ll send out the forms you need to raise a dispute.

    ", + "

    Send the form to:

    ", + "

    Independent Monitor review

    ", + "

    DBS will work with the police to make a decision about your dispute. If the police do not agree there\u2019s a mistake, the dispute will be referred to the Independent Monitor only if the objection is that information is:

    ", + "
  • not relevant to the position applied for
    • ", + "
  • should not be included in the certificate
    • ", + "

    The enhanced certificate will be corrected if the Independent Monitor agrees with your dispute.

    ", + "

    You must raise a dispute with DBS before a referral to the Independent Monitor is made.

    ", + "

    Appeal against a new barring decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal to a tribunal to reverse a barring list decision. The tribunal may remove someone from the barred list if it agrees, or refer you back to DBS for a further decision.

    ", + "

    You can appeal if:

    ", + "
  • you were automatically added following a relevant caution or conviction
    • ", + "
  • you believe DBS has made a legal mistake
    • ", + "
  • DBS barred you based on information that was wrong
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s up to the tribunal whether they hear your appeal.

    ", + "

    Contact the Upper Tribunal to appeal against a new barring decision in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Contact the Care Tribunal to appeal against a new barring decision in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Appeal against an existing barring decision

    ", + "

    You can ask the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) to review a barring decision if:

    ", + "
  • you were automatically added to the barred list following a relevant caution or conviction
    • ", + "
  • you believe DBS has made a legal mistake
    • ", + "
  • DBS barred you based on information that was wrong
    • ", + "

    You can also ask for a review if your circumstances change after the minimum barred period.

    ", + "

    The minimum barred period is:

    ", + "Age | Minimum barred period", + "Under 18 | 1 year", + "18 to 24 | 5 years", + "25 or over | 10 years", + "

    You can use the following evidence to prove that your circumstances have changed:

    ", + "
  • medical reports
    • ", + "
  • a successful appeal against a conviction
    • ", + "
  • a specialist assessment
    • ", + "

    Contact DBS to ask for a review. It\u2019s up to them whether they choose to review.

    ", + "

    Appeal against the outcome of a DBS review

    ", + "

    You can appeal to a tribunal if you asked DBS to review a barring list decision, and they either:

    ", + "
  • refused to conduct a review
    • ", + "
  • decided to keep you on the barred list after a review
    • ", + "

    The tribunal may remove a person from the barred list if it agrees with the appeal. It\u2019s up to the tribunal whether they hear the appeal.

    ", + "

    Contact the Upper Tribunal to appeal against a DBS barred list review in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Contact the Care Tribunal to appeal against a DBS barred list review in Northern Ireland.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Disciplinary procedures and action against you at work", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disciplinary-procedures-and-action-at-work", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your employer could start formal disciplinary action against you if they have concerns about your work, conduct or absence.

    ", + "

    Before taking formal disciplinary action or dismissing you, your employer may try to raise the matter informally with you. However, they can go straight to their formal disciplinary or dismissal procedures.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary procedures are a set way for an employer to deal with disciplinary issues. They should include a disciplinary hearing where you\u2019re given a chance to explain your side of the story.

    ", + "

    There should also be a chance to appeal any disciplinary action your employer decides to take.

    ", + "

    How disciplinary procedures work

    ", + "

    Your employer should put their disciplinary procedure in writing, and make it easily available to all staff.

    ", + "

    It should say what performance and behaviour might lead to disciplinary action and what action your employer might take.

    ", + "

    It should also include the name of someone you can speak to if you do not agree with your employer\u2019s disciplinary decision.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary steps

    ", + "

    Your employer\u2019s disciplinary procedure should include the following steps:

    ", + "
  • A letter setting out the issue.
    • ", + "
  • A meeting to discuss the issue.
    • ", + "
  • A disciplinary decision.
    • ", + "
  • A chance to appeal this decision.
    • ", + "

    Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) Code of Practice

    ", + "

    Your employer\u2019s disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.

    ", + "

    Your employer does not have to follow the Acas code. However, if they do not and you win an employment tribunal against them, you could get a larger payout.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more guidance about how employers should run disciplinaries in the Acas guide on discipline and grievances at work.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary procedures and employment contracts

    ", + "

    Your employer can also put their disciplinary procedures in your employment contract.

    ", + "

    If your employer does this and then does not follow these procedures you could sue them for breach of contract.

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland has different ways of solving workplace disputes.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary hearings

    ", + "

    Your employer should not take any disciplinary action before meeting with you first and discussing the problem.

    ", + "

    This disciplinary meeting (normally called a \u2018hearing\u2019) should be at a reasonable time and place.

    ", + "

    At the hearing your employer should:

    ", + "
  • explain the complaint against you
    • ", + "
  • go through the evidence
    • ", + "
  • give you a chance to tell your side of the story
    • ", + "

    If you raise a significant new fact or issue at the hearing your employer might stop it and look into the issue. They should then rearrange the hearing at a later date.

    ", + "

    Taking someone with you to a disciplinary hearing

    ", + "

    You have the right to take someone with you to a disciplinary hearing, but you must tell your employer about this first.

    ", + "

    Your companion can be either:

    ", + "
  • a colleague
    • ", + "
  • a trade union representative
    • ", + "
  • a trade union official
    • ", + "

    If a colleague cannot go with you and you\u2019re not in the union you can ask to bring a family member or a Citizens Advice worker. However, your employer does not have to agree to this unless your employment contract says they must.

    ", + "

    The companion can:

    ", + "
  • present and/or sum up your case and say things to support your case
    • ", + "
  • speak to you during the hearing
    • ", + "

    Your companion cannot answer questions on your behalf.

    ", + "

    Your companion cannot be disciplined for supporting you.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary action

    ", + "

    After the hearing your employer should write to you as soon as possible, saying what action they\u2019re going to take, and telling you about your right to appeal.

    ", + "

    The decision might be:

    ", + "
  • no action
    • ", + "
  • written warning
    • ", + "
  • final warning
    • ", + "
  • demotion
    • ", + "
  • dismissal
    • ", + "

    It might also be anything else that could resolve the problem, for example an agreement to mediate with a co-worker you\u2019ve had personal problems with.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary appeals

    ", + "

    If you think disciplinary action taken against you is unfair you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Write to your employer saying you\u2019re appealing and why.

    ", + "

    Appeal hearings

    ", + "

    You should be offered another meeting to discuss your appeal. This appeal hearing should be held as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    If possible it should be dealt with by someone who has not already been involved with your disciplinary action.

    ", + "

    An appeal hearing will be similar to your original disciplinary meeting and you\u2019ll have the right to bring a companion.

    ", + "

    Final decision

    ", + "

    After the appeal meeting your employer should write to you with their final decision.

    ", + "

    Suspension from work

    ", + "

    When a disciplinary issue is being looked into you might be suspended from work. This does not happen very often. If it does it should normally be with pay and you should be told why you\u2019re being suspended.

    ", + "

    Employment contracts

    ", + "

    You can be suspended without pay if your employment contract says your employer can do this, but they must be acting reasonably.

    ", + "

    If your employment contract does not say your employer can do this, your employer may still be able to suspend you, but with pay. To show that it\u2019s not a punishment the suspension will normally be on full pay.

    ", + "

    Employment rights when suspended

    ", + "

    You keep your employment rights while suspended. If you do not get the right pay you may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal for \u2018unlawful deduction from wages\u2019.

    ", + "

    Talking to other employees, customers and/or suppliers

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re suspended, you might be told not to talk to other employees, customers and/or suppliers. If this means you cannot defend yourself properly at a disciplinary hearing, you could make an appeal.

    ", + "

    But if you\u2019ve been asked not to talk and you do, your employer might decide to take further disciplinary action against you.

    ", + "

    Help and advice with disciplinary issues

    ", + "

    There are several organisations that could give you advice about disciplinary issues.

    ", + "

    Acas

    ", + "

    Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) offers free, confidential and impartial advice about all employment rights issues.

    ", + "

    Citizens Advice

    ", + "

    Your local Citizens Advice can also give free and impartial advice.

    ", + "

    Trade unions

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a member of a trade union you can get help and advice from them.

    ", + "

    Equality Advisory Support Service

    ", + "

    Contact the Equality Advisory Support Service for advice about discrimination, equality and human rights.

    ", + "

    You can also find more information on the Equality Advisory Support Service website.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Dismissal: your rights", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Dismissal is when your employer ends your employment - they do not always have to give you notice.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re dismissed, your employer must show they\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • a valid reason that they can justify
    • ", + "
  • acted reasonably in the circumstances
    • ", + "

    They must also:

    ", + "
  • be consistent - for example, not dismiss you for doing something that they let other employees do
    • ", + "
  • have investigated the situation fully before dismissing you - for example, if a complaint was made about you
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a part-time or fixed-term worker, you cannot be treated less favourably than a full-time or permanent employee.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lost your job because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might be able to re-employ you and pay 80% your wages.

    ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    You must be given at least the notice stated in your contract or the statutory minimum notice period, whichever is longer.

    ", + "

    There are some situations where you can be dismissed immediately - for example, for violence.

    ", + "

    Getting your dismissal in writing

    ", + "

    You have the right to ask for a written statement from your employer giving the reasons why you\u2019ve been dismissed if you\u2019re an employee and have completed 2 years\u2019 service (1 year if you started before 6 April 2012).

    ", + "

    Your employer must supply the statement within 14 days of you asking for it.

    ", + "

    Your employer must give you a written statement if you\u2019re dismissed while you are on Statutory Maternity Leave. You get this:

    ", + "
  • even if you\u2019ve not asked for one
    • ", + "
  • regardless of how long you\u2019ve worked for your employer
    • ", + "

    Speak to your employer or check your employment status if you\u2019re unsure of your employment status.

    ", + "

    Reasons you can be dismissed

    ", + "

    There are some situations when your employer can dismiss you fairly.

    ", + "

    Not being able to do your job properly

    ", + "

    You may not be able to do your job properly if, for example, you:

    ", + "
  • have not been able to keep up with important changes to your job - for example, a new computer system
    • ", + "
  • cannot get along with your colleagues
    • ", + "

    Before taking any action, your employer should:

    ", + "
  • follow disciplinary procedures - for example, warn you that your work is not satisfactory
    • ", + "
  • give you a chance to improve - for example, by training you
    • ", + "

    Illness

    ", + "

    You can be dismissed if you have a persistent or long-term illness that makes it impossible for you to do your job.

    ", + "

    Before taking any action, your employer should:

    ", + "
  • look for ways to support you - for example, considering whether the job itself is making you sick and needs changing
    • ", + "
  • give you reasonable time to recover from your illness
    • ", + "

    If you have a disability (which may include long-term illness), your employer has a legal duty to support disability in the workplace.

    ", + "

    Dismissal because of a disability may be unlawful discrimination.

    ", + "

    Redundancy

    ", + "

    Redundancy is a form of dismissal and is fair in most cases.

    ", + "

    If the reason you are selected for redundancy is unfair then you will have been unfairly dismissed.

    ", + "

    Summary dismissal

    ", + "

    You can be dismissed for \u2018gross misconduct\u2019 without your employer going through the normal disciplinary procedures. This can happen if, for example, you\u2019re violent towards a colleague, customer or property.

    ", + "

    Your employer should always investigate the circumstances before making a dismissal, even in possible gross misconduct cases.

    ", + "

    A \u2018statutory restriction\u2019

    ", + "

    You can be dismissed if continuing to employ you would break the law - for example, if you\u2019re a driver in a lorry firm and you lose your driving licence.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you, it\u2019s likely to be fair. For example, if a factory burns down and it\u2019s no longer possible to employ anyone.

    ", + "

    A \u2018substantial reason\u2019

    ", + "

    You may be dismissed fairly if, for example:

    ", + "
  • you unreasonably refuse to accept a company reorganisation that changes your employment terms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re sent to prison
    • ", + "

    Unfair and constructive dismissal

    ", + "

    In certain situations, you may be able to take legal action if you\u2019re dismissed.

    ", + "

    Unfair dismissal

    ", + "

    Your dismissal could be unfair if your employer does not:

    ", + "
  • have a good reason for dismissing you
    • ", + "
  • follow the company\u2019s formal disciplinary or dismissal process (or the statutory minimum dismissal procedure in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    Situations when your dismissal is likely to be unfair include if you:

    ", + "
  • asked for flexible working
    • ", + "
  • refused to give up your working time rights - for example, to take rest breaks
    • ", + "
  • resigned and gave the correct notice period
    • ", + "
  • joined a trade union
    • ", + "
  • took part in legal industrial action that lasted 12 weeks or less
    • ", + "
  • needed time off for jury service
    • ", + "
  • applied for maternity, paternity and adoption leave
    • ", + "
  • were on any maternity, paternity and adoption leave you\u2019re entitled to
    • ", + "
  • tried to enforce your right to receive Working Tax Credits
    • ", + "
  • exposed wrongdoing in the workplace (whistleblowing)
    • ", + "
  • were forced to retire (known as \u2018compulsory retirement\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Compulsory retirement is not allowed unless your employer can objectively justify it, but you can challenge it at an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    Constructive dismissal

    ", + "

    Constructive dismissal is when you\u2019re forced to leave your job against your will because of your employer\u2019s conduct.

    ", + "

    The reasons you leave your job must be serious, for example, they:

    ", + "
  • do not pay you or suddenly demote you for no reason
    • ", + "
  • force you to accept unreasonable changes to how you work - for example, tell you to work night shifts when your contract is only for day work
    • ", + "
  • let other employees harass or bully you
    • ", + "

    Your employer\u2019s breach of contract may be one serious incident or a series of incidents that are serious when taken together.

    ", + "

    You should try and sort any issues out by speaking to your employer to solve the dispute.

    ", + "

    If you do have a case for constructive dismissal, you should leave your job immediately - your employer may argue that, by staying, you accepted the conduct or treatment.

    ", + "

    What to do if you're dismissed

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re threatened with dismissal (or are dismissed) you can get help from a third party to solve the issue by mediation, conciliation and arbitration.

    ", + "

    You can also speak to your union representative if you\u2019re a member of a trade union.

    ", + "

    Employment tribunals

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you can normally go to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, you can go to an industrial tribunal.

    ", + "

    Qualifying period to claim unfair dismissal

    ", + "

    You must have worked for your employer for a minimum period before you qualify for the right to claim unfair dismissal at a tribunal. If you\u2019re classed as an employee and started your job:

    ", + "
  • on or after 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 2 years
    • ", + "
  • before 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 1 year
    • ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, the qualifying period is still normally 1 year.

    ", + "

    There is no qualifying period if you\u2019ve been dismissed from 25 June 2013 because of your political opinions or affiliation. You\u2019ll automatically have the right to go to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    In unfair dismissal claims you must make the claim to a tribunal within 3 months of being dismissed.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Handing in your notice", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/handing-in-your-notice", + "contents": [ + "

    Your employment contract

    ", + "

    If you want to leave your job, check your employment contract to find out your employer\u2019s policy on handing in notice.

    ", + "

    There are rules about:

    ", + "
  • giving notice
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019ll be paid during your notice period
    • ", + "
  • what will happen if you leave to work for a competitor
    • ", + "

    Giving notice

    ", + "

    You must give at least a week\u2019s notice if you\u2019ve been in your job for more than a month.

    ", + "

    Your contract will tell you whether you need to give notice in writing - otherwise you can do it verbally.

    ", + "

    Give written notice if you think you\u2019ll need to refer to it later, for example at an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    You may be in breach of your contract if you don\u2019t give enough notice, or give notice verbally when it should be given in writing. Your employer could take you to court.

    ", + "

    Your notice period usually runs from the start of the day after you handed your notice in.

    ", + "

    If you change your mind

    ", + "

    If you resign in the \u2018heat of the moment\u2019 (eg during an argument) and you change your mind, you should tell your employer immediately. They can choose to accept your resignation or not.

    ", + "

    Get free advice from Acas

    ", + "

    Call the Acas helpline to get advice about handing in your notice and pay rights.

    ", + "

    Payment during your notice period

    ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to your normal pay rate during your notice period, including when you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • off sick
    • ", + "
  • on holiday
    • ", + "
  • temporarily laid off
    • ", + "
  • on maternity, paternity or adoption leave
    • ", + "
  • available to work, even if your employer has nothing for you to do
    • ", + "

    \u2018Payment in lieu\u2019 of notice period

    ", + "

    Your employer can ask you to leave immediately after handing in your notice.

    ", + "

    If they do, they\u2019ll probably offer you a one-off payment instead of allowing you to work out your notice period - called \u2018payment in lieu\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can only get payment in lieu if it\u2019s in your contract, or if you agree to it. If you don\u2019t agree to it, you can work out your notice period.

    ", + "

    Disputes over notice pay

    ", + "

    If you can\u2019t resolve a dispute about notice pay with your employer informally, you can follow your company\u2019s grievance procedures.

    ", + "

    If this doesn\u2019t work, you may be able to make a complaint to an employment tribunal for breach of contract.

    ", + "

    Gardening leave

    ", + "

    Your employer may ask you not to come into work, or to work at home or another location during your notice period. This is called \u2018gardening leave\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the same pay and contractual benefits.

    ", + "

    Restrictive covenants

    ", + "

    There may be terms in your contract that says you can\u2019t work for a competitor or have contact with customers for a period of time after you leave the company.

    ", + "

    These are called \u2018restrictive covenants\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your company could take you to court if you breach the restrictive covenants in your contract.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Lay-offs and short-time working", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/lay-offs-short-timeworking", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your employer can ask you to stay at home or take unpaid leave if there\u2019s not enough work for you.

    ", + "

    A lay-off is if you\u2019re off work for at least 1 working day. Short-time working is when your hours are cut.

    ", + "

    How long you can be laid off

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no limit for how long you can be laid off or put on short-time. You could apply for redundancy and claim redundancy pay if it\u2019s been:

    ", + "
  • 4 weeks in a row
    • ", + "
  • 6 weeks in a 13-week period
    • ", + "

    Lay-off pay entitlement and short-time working payments

    ", + "

    You should get your full pay unless your contract allows unpaid or reduced pay lay-offs.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unpaid, you\u2019re entitled to guarantee pay.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been told to take unpaid leave or reduced pay because of Coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might still be able to pay 80% of your wages.

    ", + "

    Guarantee pay

    ", + "

    Rate and length of statutory lay-off pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to guarantee pay during lay off or short-time working. The maximum you can get is \u00a330 a day for 5 days in any 3-month period - so a maximum of \u00a3150.

    ", + "

    If you usually earn less than \u00a330 a day you\u2019ll get your normal daily rate.

    ", + "

    If you work part-time, your entitlement is worked out proportionally.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim guarantee pay for any day that you do some work.

    ", + "

    Eligibility for statutory lay-off pay

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • have been employed continuously for 1 month (includes part-time workers)
    • ", + "
  • reasonably make sure you\u2019re available for work
    • ", + "
  • not refuse any reasonable alternative work (including work not in your contract)
    • ", + "
  • not have been laid off because of industrial action
    • ", + "

    Statutory lay-off pay and your employment contract

    ", + "

    Your employer may have their own guarantee pay scheme. It cannot be less than the statutory arrangements. If you get your employer\u2019s payments, you do not get statutory lay-off pay on top of this.

    ", + "

    Not paying guarantee pay counts as an unlawful deduction from your wages - you could make a claim to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    Applying for redundancy

    ", + "

    You could apply for redundancy and claim redundancy pay if you\u2019ve been laid off without pay or put on short-time and receive less than half a week\u2019s pay for:

    ", + "
  • 4 or more weeks in a row
    • ", + "
  • 6 or more weeks in a 13-week period
    • ", + "
  • Write to your employer to claim redundancy within 4 weeks of the last day of the lay-off or short-time period.
    • ", + "
  • Your employer has 7 days to accept your claim or give you a written counter-notice.
    • ", + "
  • If your employer does not give you counter-notice, you can assume they\u2019ve accepted your redundancy claim.
    • ", + "
  • A counter-notice means your employer expects work will soon be available - it must start within 4 weeks and must last at least 13 weeks.
    • ", + "

    Your employer can withdraw their counter-notice in writing.

    ", + "

    Resigning

    ", + "

    You must resign to get redundancy pay. The timing is crucial - you have 3 weeks to hand in your notice, starting from:

    ", + "
  • 7 days after you gave written notice to your employer (if you did not get a counter-notice)
    • ", + "
  • the date your employer withdrew their counter-notice
    • ", + "

    You can get help from Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    Extra work or claiming benefits

    ", + "

    You can take on another job while you\u2019re laid off or on short-time (unless your contract says you must not).

    ", + "

    You should:

    ", + "
  • get your employer\u2019s agreement
    • ", + "
  • make sure you\u2019re not working for a competitor
    • ", + "
  • make sure you\u2019re available for your original job once the lay-off or short-time ends
    • ", + "

    Benefits you can claim

    ", + "

    You might be able to get Universal Credit or \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (or both) while you\u2019re laid off or on short-time.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Raise a grievance at work", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/raise-grievance-at-work", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a worker and you\u2019ve tried solving a problem or concern informally by talking to your manager but you\u2019re not satisfied, you can make a formal grievance complaint in writing.

    ", + "

    Your employer should have a written grievance procedure that tells you what to do and what happens at each stage of the process. After raising the grievance you\u2019ll have a meeting to discuss the issue.

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you do not agree with your employer\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Read Acas\u2019s guide to discipline and grievances at work.

    ", + "

    Mediation can also help resolve a problem - this can take place at any time during the dispute.

    ", + "

    Following the Acas code of practice

    ", + "

    You and your employer should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, if you take your claim to an employment tribunal, any compensation you might get could be adjusted by up to 25%.

    ", + "

    Grievance procedure

    ", + "

    Your employer should put their grievance procedure in writing and share it with all staff, such as on the company intranet or in the HR manual.

    ", + "

    It should include information about:

    ", + "
  • how to set out the details of your grievance in writing
    • ", + "
  • who to send your letter to
    • ", + "
  • who to write to if the normal contact person is involved in the grievance
    • ", + "
  • a meeting with your employer to discuss the issue
    • ", + "
  • how to appeal your employer\u2019s decision
    • ", + "
  • how long each stage should take
    • ", + "

    Mediation

    ", + "

    Mediation is when an independent, impartial third party discusses a problem with you and your employer (or between you and another employee) to try and find a solution. It\u2019s often used after informal discussions have not solved the issue.

    ", + "

    Mediation is voluntary and confidential. The mediator cannot force you or your employer to accept a solution - both parties must agree on the way to solve the dispute.

    ", + "

    It should not be used for problems that have to be formally investigated (such as harassment or discrimination).

    ", + "

    Read the Acas guide on mediation for more information.

    ", + "

    You can find a mediation service in your area.

    ", + "

    Grievance meetings

    ", + "

    What happens at the meeting

    ", + "

    The aim of the meeting is to establish the facts and find a way to resolve the problem.

    ", + "

    Your employer will run the meeting. They\u2019ll normally go through the grievance and give the worker the chance to comment. You can bring supporting documents if you want.

    ", + "

    Who can attend meetings with you

    ", + "

    You can be accompanied to grievance meetings (and any appeal meetings) by a:

    ", + "
  • colleague
    • ", + "
  • trade union representative
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to bring a family member or Citizens Advice Bureau worker, depending on the HR procedure where you work.

    ", + "

    After the meeting

    ", + "

    Afterwards the employer will write to you setting out their decision along with:

    ", + "
  • details of any action they intend to take
    • ", + "
  • information about how to appeal
    • ", + "

    Appealing a grievance decision

    ", + "

    Your employer\u2019s grievance procedure will set out:

    ", + "
  • who you should submit your appeal to
    • ", + "
  • the time limit within which an appeal must be made
    • ", + "
  • information about any meetings that will be held
    • ", + "
  • how the appeal meeting will be run
    • ", + "

    You have the right to be accompanied during any appeal meetings. If possible, a manager who has not been involved in the process should handle the appeal.

    ", + "

    After the appeal meeting your employer should write to you setting out their final decision.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Redundancy: your rights", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/redundancy-your-rights", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Redundancy is a form of dismissal from your job. It happens when employers need to reduce their workforce.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re being made redundant, you might be eligible for certain things, including:

    ", + "
  • redundancy pay
    • ", + "
  • a notice period
    • ", + "
  • a consultation with your employer
    • ", + "
  • the option to move into a different job
    • ", + "
  • time off to find a new job
    • ", + "

    You also have specific rights if your employer is insolvent.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been made redundant because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might be able to re-employ you and pay 80% of your wages.

    ", + "

    You must be selected for redundancy in a fair way, for example because of your level of experience or capability to do the job.

    ", + "

    You cannot be selected because of age, gender, or if you\u2019re disabled or pregnant. If you are, this could be classed as an unfair dismissal.

    ", + "

    Get advice

    ", + "

    You can get advice on redundancy from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    Being selected for redundancy

    ", + "

    Your employer should use a fair and objective way of selecting you for redundancy.

    ", + "

    Commonly used methods are:

    ", + "
  • last in, first out (employees with the shortest length of service are selected first)
    • ", + "
  • asking for volunteers (self-selection)
    • ", + "
  • disciplinary records
    • ", + "
  • staff appraisal markings, skills, qualifications and experience
    • ", + "

    Your employer can make you redundant without having to follow a selection process if your job no longer exists, for example if:

    ", + "
  • your employer is closing down a whole operation in a company and making all the employees working in it redundant
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the only employee in your part of the organisation
    • ", + "

    Your employer may offer you a different role if one is available.

    ", + "

    If your employer uses \u2018last in, first out\u2019, make sure it\u2019s not discrimination, for example if it means only young people are made redundant.

    ", + "

    Reapplying for your own job

    ", + "

    You might be asked to reapply for your own job, which could help your employer decide who to select.

    ", + "

    If you do not apply or you\u2019re unsuccessful in your application, you\u2019ll still have a job until your employer makes you redundant.

    ", + "

    Unfair selection

    ", + "

    You cannot be selected for the following reasons - your redundancy would be classed as an unfair dismissal:

    ", + "
  • sex
    • ", + "
  • gender reassignment
    • ", + "
  • marital status
    • ", + "
  • sexual orientation
    • ", + "
  • race
    • ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • religion or belief
    • ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • your membership or non-membership of a trade union
    • ", + "
  • health and safety activities
    • ", + "
  • working pattern, for example part-time or fixed-term employees
    • ", + "
  • maternity leave, birth or pregnancy
    • ", + "
  • paternity leave, parental or dependants leave
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re exercising your statutory rights
    • ", + "
  • whistleblowing, for example making disclosures about your employer\u2019s wrongdoing
    • ", + "
  • taking part in lawful industrial action lasting 12 weeks or less
    • ", + "
  • taking action on health and safety grounds
    • ", + "
  • doing jury service
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the trustee of a company pension scheme
    • ", + "

    Appealing the decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you feel that you\u2019ve been unfairly selected. Write to your employer explaining the reasons.

    ", + "

    You may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal for unfair dismissal.

    ", + "

    Voluntary redundancy

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to your employer whether they actually select you if you volunteer for redundancy.

    ", + "

    Your employer cannot just offer voluntary redundancy to age groups eligible for an early retirement package - this could be unlawful age discrimination.

    ", + "

    However, an early retirement package (for certain age groups) could be one element of a voluntary redundancy offer open to all employees.

    ", + "

    Apprentices

    ", + "

    Talk to your manager and training provider if you\u2019re an apprentice and you\u2019re worried about being made redundant.

    ", + "

    Your training provider or the National Apprenticeship Service might be able to help you find another employer to help you complete your apprenticeship.

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships are different in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Redundancy pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally be entitled to statutory redundancy pay if you\u2019re an employee and you\u2019ve been working for your current employer for 2 years or more.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • half a week\u2019s pay for each full year you were under 22
    • ", + "
  • one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were 22 or older, but under 41
    • ", + "
  • one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were 41 or older
    • ", + "

    Length of service is capped at 20 years.

    ", + "

    Your weekly pay is the average you earned per week over the 12 weeks before the day you got your redundancy notice.

    ", + "

    If you were paid less than usual because you were \u2018on furlough\u2019 because of coronavirus, your redundancy pay is based on what you would have earned normally.

    ", + "

    If you were made redundant on or after 6 April 2021, your weekly pay is capped at \u00a3544 and the maximum statutory redundancy pay you can get is \u00a316,320. If you were made redundant before 6 April 2021, these amounts will be lower.

    ", + "

    Calculate your redundancy pay.

    ", + "

    Redundancy pay (including any severance pay) under \u00a330,000 is not taxable.

    ", + "

    Your employer will deduct tax and National Insurance contributions from any wages or holiday pay they owe you.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not entitled to statutory redundancy pay if:

    ", + "
  • your employer offers to keep you on
    • ", + "
  • your employer offers you suitable alternative work which you refuse without good reason
    • ", + "

    Being dismissed for misconduct does not count as redundancy, so you would not get redundancy pay if this happened.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not entitled to statutory redundancy pay if you fall into one or more of the following categories:

    ", + "
  • former registered dock workers (covered by other arrangements) and share fishermen
    • ", + "
  • crown servants, members of the armed forces or police services
    • ", + "
  • apprentices who are not employees at the end of their training
    • ", + "
  • a domestic servant who is a member of the employer\u2019s immediate family
    • ", + "

    Short-term and temporary lay-offs

    ", + "

    You can claim statutory redundancy pay if you\u2019re eligible and you\u2019ve been temporarily laid off (without pay or less than half a week\u2019s pay) for either:

    ", + "
  • more than 4 weeks in a row
    • ", + "
  • more than 6 non-consecutive weeks in a 13 week period
    • ", + "

    Write to your employer telling them you intend to claim statutory redundancy pay. This must be done within 4 weeks of your last non-working day in the 4 or 6 week period.

    ", + "

    If your employer does not reject your claim within 7 days of receiving it, write to your employer again giving them your notice.

    ", + "

    Your claim could be rejected if your normal work is likely to start within 4 weeks and continue for at least 13 weeks.

    ", + "

    Notice periods

    ", + "

    You must be given a notice period before your employment ends.

    ", + "

    The statutory redundancy notice periods are:

    ", + "
  • at least one week\u2019s notice if employed between one month and 2 years
    • ", + "
  • one week\u2019s notice for each year if employed between 2 and 12 years
    • ", + "
  • 12 weeks\u2019 notice if employed for 12 years or more
    • ", + "

    Check your contract. Your employer may give you more than the statutory minimum, but they cannot give you less.

    ", + "

    Notice pay

    ", + "

    As well as statutory redundancy pay, your employer should either:

    ", + "
  • pay you through your notice period
    • ", + "
  • pay you in lieu of notice depending on your circumstances
    • ", + "

    Your notice pay is based on the average you earned per week over the 12 weeks before your notice period starts.

    ", + "

    If you were paid less than usual because you were \u2018on furlough\u2019 because of coronavirus, your notice pay is based on what you would have earned normally.

    ", + "

    Payment in lieu of notice

    ", + "

    Your employment can be ended without notice if \u2018payment in lieu of notice\u2019 is included in your contract. Your employer will pay you instead of giving you a notice period.

    ", + "

    You get all of the basic pay you would\u2019ve received during the notice period. You may get extras such as pension contributions or private health care insurance if they\u2019re in your contract.

    ", + "

    Your employer may still offer you payment in lieu of notice, even if your contract does not mention it. If you accept, you should receive full pay and any extras that are in your contract.

    ", + "

    Consultation

    ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to a consultation with your employer if you\u2019re being made redundant. This involves speaking to them about:

    ", + "
  • why you\u2019re being made redundant
    • ", + "
  • any alternatives to redundancy
    • ", + "

    If your employer is making up to 19 redundancies, there are no rules about how they should carry out the consultation. If they\u2019re making 20 or more redundancies at the same time, the collective redundancy rules apply.

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to an employment tribunal if your employer does not consult properly, for example if they start late, or do not consult at all.

    ", + "

    Collective redundancy rules

    ", + "

    If your employer is making 20 or more employees redundant at the same time, the consultation should take place between your employer and a representative (rep).

    ", + "

    This will either be:

    ", + "
  • a trade union rep (if you\u2019re represented by a trade union)
    • ", + "
  • an elected employee rep (if you\u2019re not represented by a trade union, or if your employer does not recognise your trade union)
    • ", + "

    Collective consultations must cover:

    ", + "
  • ways to avoid redundancies
    • ", + "
  • the reasons for redundancies
    • ", + "
  • how to keep the number of dismissals to a minimum
    • ", + "
  • how to limit the effects for employees involved, for example by offering retraining
    • ", + "

    Your employer must also meet certain legal requirements for collective consultations.

    ", + "

    Length of consultation

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no time limit for how long the period of consultation should be, but the minimum is:

    ", + "
  • 20 to 99 redundancies - the consultation must start at least 30 days before any dismissals take effect
    • ", + "
  • 100 or more redundancies - the consultation must start at least 45 days before any dismissals take effect
    • ", + "

    Electing employee reps

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employee affected by the proposed redundancies you can:

    ", + "
  • stand for election as an employee rep
    • ", + "
  • vote for other reps
    • ", + "

    Fixed-term contract employees

    ", + "

    Your employer does not need to include you in collective consultation if you\u2019re employed under a fixed-term contract, except if they\u2019re ending your contract early because of redundancy.

    ", + "

    Suitable alternative employment

    ", + "

    Your employer might offer you \u2018suitable alternative employment\u2019 within your organisation or an associated company.

    ", + "

    Whether a job is suitable depends on:

    ", + "
  • how similar the work is to your current job
    • ", + "
  • the terms of the job being offered
    • ", + "
  • your skills, abilities and circumstances in relation to the job
    • ", + "
  • the pay (including benefits), status, hours and location
    • ", + "

    Your redundancy could be an unfair dismissal if your employer has suitable alternative employment and they do not offer it to you.

    ", + "

    Refusing an offer

    ", + "

    You may lose your right to statutory redundancy pay if you unreasonably turn down suitable alternative employment.

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to an employment tribunal if you think the job you\u2019ve been offered is not suitable.

    ", + "

    Trial periods

    ", + "

    You have the right to a 4 week trial period for any alternative employment you\u2019re offered.

    ", + "

    The 4 week period could be extended if you need training. Any extension must be agreed in writing before the trial period starts.

    ", + "

    Tell your employer during the trial period if you decide the new job is not suitable. This will not affect your employment rights, including your right to statutory redundancy pay.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll lose your right to claim statutory redundancy pay if you do not give notice within the 4 week trial period.

    ", + "

    Time off for job hunting

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been continuously employed for 2 years by the date your notice period ends, you\u2019re allowed a reasonable amount of time off to:

    ", + "
  • look for another job
    • ", + "
  • arrange training to help you find another job
    • ", + "

    How long you can take will depend on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    No matter how much time you take off to look for another job, the most your employer has to pay you is 40% of one week\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    Get help finding a new job

    ", + "

    You can get help from the Jobcentre Plus Rapid Response Service to:

    ", + "
  • write CVs and find jobs
    • ", + "
  • find information on benefits
    • ", + "
  • find the right training and learn new skills
    • ", + "
  • organise work trials (if you\u2019re eligible)
    • ", + "
  • get any extra help at work if you\u2019re disabled, for example Access to Work
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to get help with costs, such as:

    ", + "
  • travel to work expenses
    • ", + "
  • childcare
    • ", + "
  • tools or equipment
    • ", + "
  • vocational training - you must be in your notice period to be considered
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different service if you\u2019re in Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    Get in touch

    ", + "

    You can contact the Rapid Response Service:

    ", + "
  • if you suspect you\u2019re going to be made redundant
    • ", + "
  • during your notice period
    • ", + "
  • up to 13 weeks after you\u2019ve been made redundant
    • ", + "

    Further information and support

    ", + "

    You can read more about finding a job, how your pension might be affected, and what benefits you could get.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "The new State Pension", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-state-pension", + "contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to claim the new State Pension if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a man born on or after 6 April 1951
    • ", + "
  • a woman born on or after 6 April 1953
    • ", + "

    The earliest you can get the new State Pension is when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016, you\u2019ll get the State Pension under the old rules instead.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Your National Insurance record

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need at least 10 qualifying years on your National Insurance record to get any State Pension. They do not have to be 10 qualifying years in a row.

    ", + "

    This means for 10 years at least one or more of the following applied to you:

    ", + "
  • you were working and paid National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "
  • you were getting National Insurance credits for example if you were unemployed, ill or a parent or carer
    • ", + "
  • you were paying voluntary National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lived or worked abroad you might still be able to get some new State Pension.

    ", + "

    You might also qualify if you\u2019ve paid married women\u2019s or widow\u2019s reduced rate contributions.

    ", + "

    Working after State Pension age

    ", + "

    You do not have to stop working when you reach State Pension age but you\u2019ll no longer have to pay National Insurance. You can also request flexible working arrangements.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The full new State Pension is \u00a3179.60 per week.

    ", + "

    The actual amount you get depends on your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    The only reasons the amount can be higher are if:

    ", + "
  • you have over a certain amount of Additional State Pension
    • ", + "
  • you defer (delay) taking your State Pension
    • ", + "

    You can get a State Pension forecast to find out how much you could get and when.

    ", + "

    You can still get a State Pension if you have other income like a personal pension or a workplace pension.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay tax on your State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve reached State Pension age and you\u2019re on a low income, you may also qualify for Pension Credit, even if you\u2019ve saved money for retirement.

    ", + "

    How it\u2019s paid

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve made a claim you\u2019ll get a letter about your payments.

    ", + "

    The new State Pension is usually paid every 4 weeks into an account of your choice. You\u2019re paid in arrears (for the last 4 weeks, not the coming 4 weeks).

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you live abroad.

    ", + "

    Your first payment

    ", + "

    Your first payment will be within 5 weeks of reaching State Pension age. You\u2019ll get a full payment every 4 weeks after that.

    ", + "

    You might get part of a payment before your first full payment. The letter will tell you what to expect.

    ", + "

    Your payment day

    ", + "

    The day your pension is paid depends on your National Insurance number.

    ", + "

    You might be paid earlier if your normal payment day is a bank holiday.

    ", + "Last 2 digits of your National Insurance number | Payment day of the week", + "00 to 19 | Monday", + "20 to 39 | Tuesday", + "40 to 59 | Wednesday", + "60 to 79 | Thursday", + "80 to 99 | Friday", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You will not get your new State Pension automatically - you have to claim it. You should get a letter no later than 2 months before you reach State Pension age, telling you what to do.

    ", + "

    If you have not received an invitation letter, but you are within 4 months of reaching your State Pension age you can still make a claim.

    ", + "

    The quickest way to get your State Pension is to apply online.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    How to claim is different if you claim from Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Other ways to apply

    ", + "

    You can also:

    ", + "
  • print off and post the State Pension claim form to the Pension Service
    • ", + "
  • phone the Pension Service to get a State Pension claim form posted to you
    • ", + "

    Send your completed form to:

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to claim your pension from abroad, including the Channel Islands.

    ", + "

    If you want to keep working

    ", + "

    You can claim your new State Pension even if you carry on working. However, you have the option to defer which can increase the amount you get.

    ", + "

    Claiming an Isle of Man pension

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for a state pension from the Isle of Man, you\u2019ll need to claim it separately from your UK new State Pension.

    ", + "

    Find out if you\u2019re eligible and how to claim your Isle of Man pension.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get one payment for your UK pension and a separate payment for your Isle of Man pension.

    ", + "

    You cannot defer an Isle of Man pension after 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    How it's calculated

    ", + "

    The full new State Pension is \u00a3179.60 per week. What you\u2019ll receive is based on your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    Valuing your National Insurance contributions and credits made before 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    Your National Insurance record before 6 April 2016 is used to calculate your \u2018starting amount\u2019. This is part of your new State Pension.

    ", + "

    Your starting amount will be the higher of either:

    ", + "
  • the amount you would get under the old State Pension rules (which includes basic State Pension and Additional State Pension)
    • ", + "
  • the amount you would get if the new State Pension had been in place at the start of your working life
    • ", + "

    Your starting amount will include a deduction if you were contracted out of the Additional State Pension. You may have been contracted out because you were in a certain type of workplace, personal or stakeholder pension.

    ", + "

    If your starting amount is less than the full new State Pension

    ", + "

    You can get more State Pension by adding more qualifying years to your National Insurance record after 5 April 2016. You can do this until you reach the full new State Pension amount or reach State Pension age - whichever is first.

    ", + "

    Each qualifying year on your National Insurance record after 5 April 2016 will add about \u00a35.13 a week to your new State Pension. The exact amount you get is calculated by dividing \u00a3179.60 by 35 and then multiplying by the number of qualifying years after 5 April 2016.

    ", + "

    If your starting amount is more than the full new State Pension

    ", + "

    The part of your starting amount which is above the full new State Pension is called your \u2018protected payment\u2019. This is paid on top of the full new State Pension.

    ", + "

    Any qualifying years you have after 5 April 2016 will not add more to your State Pension.

    ", + "

    You did not make National Insurance contributions or get National Insurance credits before 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    Your State Pension will be calculated entirely under the new State Pension rules.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need at least 10 qualifying years on your National Insurance record to get any State Pension.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need 35 qualifying years to get the full new State Pension.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a proportion of the new State Pension if you have between 10 and 35 qualifying years.

    ", + "

    Your new State Pension is more likely to be calculated in this way if you were born after the year 2000 or became a resident of the UK after 2015.

    ", + "

    Annual increases

    ", + "

    The new State Pension increases each year by whichever is the highest:

    ", + "
  • earnings \u2013 the average percentage growth in wages (in Great Britain)
    • ", + "
  • prices \u2013 the percentage growth in prices in the UK as measured by the Consumer Prices Index (CPI)
    • ", + "
  • 2.5%
    • ", + "

    If you have a protected payment, it increases each year in line with the CPI.

    ", + "

    Get a State Pension forecast

    ", + "

    You can get a State Pension forecast to find out how much new State Pension you may get.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    You can read \u2018Your new State Pension explained\u2019 for more detailed information about the changes to the State Pension scheme.

    ", + "

    You've been in a workplace, personal or stakeholder pension

    ", + "

    Your starting amount may include a deduction if you were in certain:

    ", + "
  • earnings-related pension schemes at work (such as a final salary or career average pension) before 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • workplace, personal or stakeholder pensions before 6 April 2012
    • ", + "

    You may have paid lower National Insurance contributions and paid into one of these pensions instead. This is known as being \u2018contracted out\u2019 of the Additional State Pension and will affect most people who have been in work.

    ", + "

    You can check with your pension provider if you\u2019ve been contracted out in the past. The Pension Tracing Service might be able to find your pension providers\u2019 contact details if you\u2019ve lost contact with them.

    ", + "

    Changes to contracting out from 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    On 6 April 2016 these rules changed so that if you were contracted out:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll no longer be contracted out
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll pay more National Insurance (the standard amount)
    • ", + "

    Check if you were contracted out

    ", + "

    Check your old payslips. You were contracted out if the National Insurance contributions line has the letter D or N next to it. You were not contracted out if it has a letter A.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a different letter, check with your employer or pension provider.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re more likely to have been contracted out if you worked in the public sector, for example:

    ", + "
  • the NHS
    • ", + "
  • local councils
    • ", + "
  • fire services
    • ", + "
  • the civil service
    • ", + "
  • teaching
    • ", + "
  • police forces
    • ", + "
  • the armed forces
    • ", + "

    You paid National Insurance at a lower rate if you were contracted out.

    ", + "

    Your National Insurance record and your State Pension

    ", + "

    Your new State Pension is based on your National Insurance record when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to have 10 qualifying years on your National Insurance record to get any new State Pension.

    ", + "

    You may get less than the new full State Pension if you were contracted out before 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    You may get more than the new full State Pension if you would have had over a certain amount of Additional State Pension under the old rules.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need 35 qualifying years to get the new full State Pension if you do not have a National Insurance record before 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    Qualifying years if you\u2019re working

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re working you pay National Insurance and get a qualifying year if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re employed and earning over \u00a3184 a week from one employer
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-employed and paying National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "

    You might not pay National Insurance contributions because you\u2019re earning less than \u00a3184 a week. You may still get a qualifying year if you earn between \u00a3120 and \u00a3184 a week from one employer.

    ", + "

    Qualifying years if you\u2019re not working

    ", + "

    You may get National Insurance credits if you cannot work - for example because of illness or disability, or if you\u2019re a carer or you\u2019re unemployed.

    ", + "

    For example, you can get National Insurance credits if you:

    ", + "
  • claim Child Benefit for a child under 12 (or under 16 before 2010)
    • ", + "
  • get Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • get Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re not working or getting National Insurance credits

    ", + "

    You might be able to pay voluntary National Insurance contributions if you\u2019re not in one of these groups but want to increase your State Pension amount.

    ", + "

    Gaps in your National Insurance record

    ", + "

    You can have gaps in your National Insurance record and still get the full new State Pension.

    ", + "

    You can get a State Pension forecast which will tell you how much State Pension you may get. You can then apply for a National Insurance statement from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to check if your record has gaps.

    ", + "

    If you have gaps in your National Insurance record that would prevent you from getting the full new State Pension, you may be able to:

    ", + "
  • get National Insurance credits
    • ", + "
  • make voluntary National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "

    Inheriting or increasing State Pension from a spouse or civil partner

    ", + "

    You might be able to inherit an extra payment on top of your new State Pension if you\u2019re widowed.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to inherit anything if you remarry or form a new civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    Inheriting Additional State Pension

    ", + "

    You might inherit part of your deceased partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if your marriage or civil partnership with them began before 6 April 2016 and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • your partner reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • they died before 6 April 2016 but would have reached State Pension age on or after that date
    • ", + "

    It will be paid with your State Pension.

    ", + "

    Inheriting a protected payment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll inherit half of your partner\u2019s protected payment if your marriage or civil partnership with them began before 6 April 2016 and:

    ", + "
  • their State Pension age is on or after 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • they died on or after 6 April 2016
    • ", + "

    It will be paid with your State Pension.

    ", + "

    Inheriting extra State Pension or a lump sum

    ", + "

    You may inherit part of or all of your partner\u2019s extra State Pension or lump sum if:

    ", + "
  • they died while they were deferring their State Pension (before claiming) or they had started claiming it after deferring
    • ", + "
  • they reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • you were married or in the civil partnership when they died
    • ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s National Insurance record and your State Pension

    ", + "

    The new State Pension is based on your own National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    If you paid married women\u2019s or widows\u2019 reduced rate National Insurance, you might be able to increase your new State Pension if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    If you get divorced or dissolve your civil partnership

    ", + "

    The courts can make a \u2018pension sharing order\u2019 if you get divorced or dissolve your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an extra payment on top of your State Pension if your ex-partner is ordered to share their Additional State Pension or protected payment with you.

    ", + "

    Your State Pension will be reduced if you\u2019re ordered to share your Additional State Pension or protected payment with your partner.

    ", + "

    Living and working overseas

    ", + "

    If you live or work in another country, you might be able to contribute towards that country\u2019s State Pension scheme.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lived or worked in another country in the past, you might be eligible for that country\u2019s state pension and a UK State Pension.

    ", + "

    To check if you can pay into or receive another country\u2019s state pension, contact the pension service for that country.

    ", + "

    Claiming another country\u2019s state pension

    ", + "

    Depending on where you\u2019ve lived or worked, you may need to make more than one pension claim.

    ", + "

    European Economic Area (EEA) countries, Gibraltar and Switzerland

    ", + "

    You only need to claim your state pension in the last country where you lived or worked. Your claim will cover all EEA countries, Gibraltar and Switzerland. You do not need to claim for each country separately.

    ", + "

    Countries outside the EEA (except Switzerland)

    ", + "

    You need to claim your pension from each country separately.

    ", + "

    Check with the pension service for the country where you\u2019ve lived or worked to find out how to make a claim.

    ", + "

    Your UK State Pension if you\u2019ve lived or worked abroad

    ", + "

    Your UK State Pension will be based on your UK National Insurance record. You need 10 years of UK National Insurance contributions to be eligible for the new State Pension.

    ", + "

    You may be able to use time spent abroad to make up the 10 qualifying years. This is most likely if you\u2019ve lived or worked in:

    ", + "
  • the EEA
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • certain countries that have a social security agreement with the UK
    • ", + "

    You want to retire overseas

    ", + "

    You can claim the new State Pension overseas in most countries.

    ", + "

    Your State Pension will increase each year but only if you live in:

    ", + "
  • the EEA
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • certain countries that have a social security agreement with the UK
    • ", + "

    Your new State Pension may be affected if your circumstances change. You can get more information from the International Pension Centre.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "The basic State Pension", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/state-pension", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can claim the basic State Pension if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a man born before 6 April 1951
    • ", + "
  • a woman born before 6 April 1953
    • ", + "

    If you were born later, you\u2019ll need to claim the new State Pension instead.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    To get the basic State Pension you must have paid or been credited with National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    The most you can currently get is \u00a3137.60 per week.

    ", + "

    The basic State Pension increases every year by whichever is the highest of the following:

    ", + "
  • earnings - the average percentage growth in wages (in Great Britain)
    • ", + "
  • prices - the percentage growth in prices in the UK as measured by the Consumer Prices Index (CPI)
    • ", + "
  • 2.5%
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You\u2019re eligible for the basic State Pension if you were born before:

    ", + "
  • 6 April 1951 if you\u2019re a man
    • ", + "
  • 6 April 1953 if you\u2019re a woman
    • ", + "

    If you were born on or after these dates you must claim the new State Pension.

    ", + "

    The earliest you can get the basic State Pension is when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    To get the full basic State Pension you need a total of 30 qualifying years of National Insurance contributions or credits. This means you were either:

    ", + "
  • working and paying National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • getting National Insurance Credits, for example for unemployment, sickness or as a parent or carer
    • ", + "
  • paying voluntary National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "

    If you have fewer than 30 qualifying years, your basic State Pension will be less than \u00a3137.60 per week but you might be able to top up by paying voluntary National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    To get information about your basic State Pension, contact the Pension Service or the International Pension Centre if you live abroad.

    ", + "

    Married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for a basic State Pension or you\u2019re not getting the full amount, you might qualify for a \u2018top up\u2019 to \u00a382.45 per week through your spouse\u2019s or civil partner\u2019s National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    You can get the \u2018top up\u2019 if both of you have reached State Pension age and either:

    ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and qualifies for some basic State Pension, even if they have not claimed it
    • ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016 and has at least one qualifying year of National Insurance contributions or credits from before 6 April 2016, even if they do not qualify for any new State Pension or they have not claimed it
    • ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner was born before 6 April 1950, you can only get the \u2018top up\u2019 if you\u2019re a woman who is married to either:

    ", + "
  • a man
    • ", + "
  • a woman who legally changed their gender from male to female during your marriage
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not getting the \u2018top up\u2019 but think you qualify, contact the Pension Service.

    ", + "

    You need to contact the Pension Service to claim your \u2018top up\u2019 if you\u2019re a married woman and:

    ", + "
  • your spouse reached State Pension age before 17 March 2008
    • ", + "
  • you reached State Pension age before your spouse
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get any Additional State Pension or Graduated Retirement Benefit based on your own contributions in addition to the \u2018top up\u2019.

    ", + "

    You do not qualify for a State Pension

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not covered by any of these groups but want a State Pension you might be able to pay voluntary National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    Men born before 1945 and women born before 1950

    ", + "

    You need more qualifying years to get a full State Pension and a certain minimum number of years to get any State Pension at all.

    ", + " | Number of years needed for a full State Pension | Number of years needed for any State Pension", + "Men born before 6 April 1945 | 44 | 11", + "Women born before 6 April 1950 | 39 | 10", + "

    Transgender people

    ", + "

    Your State Pension might be affected if you\u2019re a transgender person and you:

    ", + "
  • were born between 24 December 1919 and 3 April 1945
    • ", + "
  • were claiming State Pension before 4 April 2005
    • ", + "
  • can provide evidence that your gender reassignment surgery took place before 4 April 2005
    • ", + "

    Find out more and contact the Gender Recognition team.

    ", + "

    You do not need to do anything if you legally changed your gender and started claiming State Pension on or after 4 April 2005 - you\u2019ll already be claiming based on your legal gender.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Check if you need to claim the new State Pension instead.

    ", + "

    The full basic State Pension is \u00a3137.60 per week. There are ways you can increase your State Pension up to or above the full amount.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay tax on your State Pension.

    ", + "

    To get information about your State Pension, contact the Pension Service.

    ", + "

    How it\u2019s paid

    ", + "

    The day your pension is paid depends on your National Insurance number.

    ", + "Last 2 digits of your National Insurance number | Day your State Pension gets paid", + "00 to 19 | Monday", + "20 to 39 | Tuesday", + "40 to 59 | Wednesday", + "60 to 79 | Thursday", + "80 to 99 | Friday", + "

    Your first payment is made at the end of the first full week after you reach State Pension age. If you deferred your State Pension, you\u2019ll get your first payment at the end of the first full week in which you want to start getting your pension.

    ", + "

    Your first payment will not include the time between reaching State Pension age and your normal payment day if that\u2019s less than one week.

    ", + "

    The basic State Pension is usually paid every 4 weeks into an account of your choice. You\u2019re paid \u2018in arrears\u2019, which means you\u2019re paid for the last 4 weeks, not for the coming 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you live abroad.

    ", + "

    Adult Dependency Increase

    ", + "

    Adult Dependency Increase payments have stopped. You may be eligible to apply for Pension Credit or Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You will not get your State Pension automatically - you have to claim it.

    ", + "

    Check if you need to claim the new State Pension instead.

    ", + "

    There are 3 ways to claim the basic State Pension:

    ", + "
  • over the phone
    • ", + "
  • print off and post the State Pension claim form to the Pension Service
    • ", + "
  • claim from abroad including the Channel Islands
    • ", + "

    How to claim is different if you claim from Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You want to keep working

    ", + "

    You can claim your State Pension even if you carry on working.

    ", + "

    Increase the amount you'll get

    ", + "

    There are ways you can increase your basic State Pension if you:

    ", + "
  • are not eligible for the full amount (\u00a3137.60 per week)
    • ", + "
  • want to receive more than the full amount
    • ", + "

    You should get financial advice when planning your retirement income.

    ", + "

    Voluntary National Insurance contributions

    ", + "

    You need 30 years of National Insurance contributions to be eligible for the full basic State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you have gaps in your insurance record, you may be able to make voluntary contributions to increase your pension.

    ", + "

    Delay (defer) your State Pension

    ", + "

    Deferring your State Pension could increase your payments when you decide to claim. The basic State Pension increases by 1% for every 5 weeks you defer.

    ", + "

    The extra amount is paid with your regular State Pension and can be claimed on top of the full basic State Pension amount.

    ", + "

    Other ways you could increase your pension

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership you may be eligible to increase your basic State Pension to \u00a382.45 per week. Check if you qualify.

    ", + "

    You might also qualify for the Additional State Pension or, if you\u2019re on a low income, Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    Inheritance

    ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016, they should contact the Pension Service when you die to check what they can claim.

    ", + "

    They may be able to increase their basic State Pension by using your qualifying years if they do not already get the full amount.

    ", + "

    If they reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016 or are under State Pension age when you die, they can check what inheritance they might be entitled to.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re single or divorced

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single, divorced or your civil partnership was dissolved and you die after you\u2019ve reached State Pension age, your estate can claim up to 3 months of your basic State Pension. They can only do this if you had not claimed it.

    ", + "

    Extra money from deferring your State Pension

    ", + "

    If you decided to defer your State Pension and built up an extra amount, your spouse or civil partner may either claim the extra State Pension or get a lump sum.

    ", + "

    If you deferred for less than 12 months your spouse or civil partner can only get extra State Pension, not a lump sum.

    ", + "

    If you deferred for 12 months or more they can choose to get extra State Pension or a lump sum payment. Provided they have not remarried or formed a new civil partnership since your death they can get this when they reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    State Pension top up

    ", + "

    If you topped up your State Pension (between 12 October 2015 and 5 April 2017), your spouse or civil partner may be able to inherit some or all of your top up.

    ", + "

    Change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You must tell the Pension Service if anything in your circumstances changes, for example if you:

    ", + "
  • move home
    • ", + "
  • go into or come out of hospital
    • ", + "
  • move abroad or return to the UK
    • ", + "
  • go into a care home
    • ", + "
  • change your bank account
    • ", + "
  • marry or form a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • get divorced or have your civil partnership dissolved
    • ", + "
  • are widowed or your civil partner dies
    • ", + "
  • change your gender
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay overpaid money.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Additional State Pension", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The Additional State Pension is an extra amount of money you could get on top of your basic State Pension if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a man born before 6 April 1951
    • ", + "
  • a woman born before 6 April 1953
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You get the new State Pension if you were born on or after this date. You will not qualify for the Additional State Pension, but you might still be able to inherit Additional State Pension from your partner.

    ", + "

    You get the Additional State Pension automatically if you\u2019re eligible for it, unless you\u2019ve contracted out of it.

    ", + "

    The Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    There is no fixed amount for the Additional State Pension.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • how many years you paid National Insurance for
    • ", + "
  • your earnings
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve contracted out of the scheme
    • ", + "
  • whether you topped up your basic State Pension (this was only possible between 12 October 2015 and 5 April 2017)
    • ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    The Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension into your bank account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    You will not get the Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. You\u2019ll get the new State Pension.

    ", + "

    You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and started claiming the basic State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get any Additional State Pension you\u2019re eligible for. There is no need to make a separate claim.

    ", + "

    You may not get any Additional State Pension for periods when you were contracted out of it.

    ", + "

    When you have contributed to the Additional State Pension

    ", + "

    The Additional State Pension is made up of 3 schemes. You might have contributed to more than one, depending on:

    ", + "
  • how long you\u2019ve been working
    • ", + "
  • whether you chose to top up your State Pension
    • ", + "Time | Scheme | You contributed if", + "2002 to 2016 | State Second Pension | You were employed or claiming certain benefits", + "1978 to 2002 | State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme (SERPS) | You were employed", + "12 October 2015 to 5 April 2017 | State Pension top up | You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and opted in", + "

    The State Second Pension since 2002

    ", + "

    You contributed through your National Insurance contributions if at any time between 6 April 2002 and 5 April 2016 you were:

    ", + "
  • employed and earning at least the lower earnings limit - this was \u00a35,824 in the 2015 to 2016 tax year
    • ", + "
  • looking after children under 12 and claiming Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • caring for a sick or disabled person more than 20 hours a week and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit
    • ", + "
  • working as a registered foster carer and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit
    • ", + "
  • receiving certain other benefits due to illness or disability
    • ", + "

    Contracting out

    ", + "

    You could only contract out of the Additional State Pension if your employer ran a contracted-out pension scheme. Check with them.

    ", + "

    While you were a member of a contracted-out workplace pension you did not contribute to the Additional State Pension. In some cases, you could get the Second State Pension even if you did not contribute, for example if your earnings were low.

    ", + "

    You cannot contract out after 6 April 2016. If you were contracted out, your National Insurance contributions increased to your standard rate after this date.

    ", + "

    The extra pension you get from a contracted-out pension scheme is usually the same as, or more than, the Additional State Pension you would have got if you did not contract out.

    ", + "

    Check if you were contracted out

    ", + "

    You can find out if you were contracted out by:

    ", + "
  • checking an old payslip
    • ", + "
  • calling your pension provider
    • ", + "

    The Pension Tracing Service might be able to find your pension providers\u2019 contact details if you\u2019ve lost contact with them.

    ", + "

    National Insurance while contracting out

    ", + "

    You paid lower National Insurance contributions while you were contracted out if:

    ", + "
  • you earned between \u00a3155 and \u00a3770 a week
    • ", + "
  • you were under State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you did not pay reduced rate National Insurance
    • ", + "

    What happens when you retire

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a pension from your employer\u2019s workplace pension scheme.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You do not have to do anything to claim the Additional State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for an Additional State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get it when you claim your State Pension.

    ", + "

    After you claim, the Pension Service will write to you and tell you how much you\u2019re getting.

    ", + "

    Inheriting Additional State Pension

    ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner dies, you may be able to inherit part of their Additional State Pension. Contact the Pension Service to check what you can claim and how.

    ", + "

    Maximum State Second Pension you can inherit

    ", + "

    You can inherit up to 50% of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s State Second Pension.

    ", + "

    Maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit

    ", + "

    The maximum you can inherit depends on when your spouse or civil partner died.

    ", + "

    If they died before 6 October 2002, you can inherit up to 100% of their SERPS pension.

    ", + "

    If they died on or after 6 October 2002, the maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit depends on their date of birth.

    ", + "Man\u2019s date of birth | Woman\u2019s date of birth | Maximum % of SERPS and State Pension top up you can inherit", + "5 October 1937 or before | 5 October 1942 or before | 100%", + "6 October 1937 to 5 October 1939 | 6 October 1942 to 5 October 1944 | 90%", + "6 October 1939 to 5 October 1941 | 6 October 1944 to 5 October 1946 | 80%", + "6 October 1941 to 5 October 1943 | 6 October 1946 to 5 October 1948 | 70%", + "6 October 1943 to 5 October 1945 | 6 October 1948 to 5 July 1950 | 60%", + "6 October 1945 and after | 6 July 1950 and after | 50%", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner died within 90 days of topping up their State Pension, the top up should have been refunded to their estate (their total property, money and possessions), minus any payments they received before they died. This means you will not inherit the top up as part of their Additional State Pension.

    ", + "

    How it\u2019s paid

    ", + "

    Any Additional State Pension you inherit will be paid on top of your State Pension when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you get your own Additional State Pension

    ", + "

    The maximum amount of Additional State Pension you can get is \u00a3180.31 per week.\u00a0The limit does not include State Pension top up.

    ", + "

    If you get Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    You may inherit Additional State Pension before you reach State Pension age. You\u2019ll stop receiving it if your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance ends.

    ", + "

    You may receive it again when you reach State Pension age if you were over 45 when you were entitled to Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    If your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance or Bereavement Allowance ended before you were 55, you\u2019ll receive less Additional State Pension.

    ", + "

    When you cannot inherit Additional State Pension

    ", + "

    You cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if you remarry or form another civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    The date you reach State Pension age also affects whether you can inherit Additional State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2010

    ", + "

    You cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if they died before they reached their State Pension age and after you reached yours.

    ", + "

    This does not apply if you\u2019re a woman who was married to:

    ", + "
  • a man
    • ", + "
  • a woman who legally changed their gender from male to female during your marriage
    • ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    You cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if either:

    ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2016 and reached (or would have reached) State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • you started your marriage or civil partnership on or after 6 April 2016
    • ", + "

    If you get divorced

    ", + "

    If you get divorced or your civil partnership is dissolved the court can decide that your Additional State Pension should be shared as part of the financial settlement.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to fill in form BR20 to give details of your Additional State Pension.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Delay (defer) your State Pension", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deferring-state-pension", + "contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You do not get your State Pension automatically - you have to claim it. You should get a letter no later than 2 months before you reach State Pension age, telling you what to do.

    ", + "

    You can either claim your State Pension or delay (defer) claiming it.

    ", + "

    If you want to defer, you do not have to do anything. Your pension will automatically be deferred until you claim it.

    ", + "

    Deferring your State Pension could increase the payments you get when you decide to claim it. Any extra payments you get from deferring could be taxed.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on benefits

    ", + "

    You cannot get extra State Pension if you get certain benefits. Deferring can also affect how much you can get in benefits.

    ", + "

    You must tell the Pension Service if you\u2019re on benefits and you want to defer.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The amount of extra State Pension you could get depends on when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    Your State Pension will increase every week you defer, as long as you defer for at least 9 weeks.

    ", + "

    Your State Pension increases by the equivalent of 1% for every 9 weeks you defer. This works out as just under 5.8% for every 52 weeks.

    ", + "

    The extra amount is paid with your regular State Pension payment.

    ", + "

    This example assumes there is no annual increase in the State Pension. If there is an annual increase, the amount you could get could be larger.

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    You can usually take your extra State Pension as either:

    ", + "
  • higher weekly payments
    • ", + "
  • a one-off lump sum
    • ", + "

    When you claim your deferred State Pension, you\u2019ll get a letter asking how you want to take your extra pension. You\u2019ll have 3 months from receiving that letter to decide.

    ", + "

    Higher weekly payments

    ", + "

    Your State Pension will increase every week you defer, as long as you defer for at least 5 weeks.

    ", + "

    Your State Pension increases by the equivalent of 1% for every 5 weeks you defer. This works out as 10.4% for every 52 weeks.

    ", + "

    The extra amount is paid with your regular State Pension payment.

    ", + "

    This example assumes there is no annual increase in the State Pension. If there is an annual increase, the amount you could get could be larger.

    ", + "

    Lump sum payment

    ", + "

    You can get a one-off lump sum payment if you defer claiming your State Pension for at least 12 months in a row. This will include interest of 2% above the Bank of England base rate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be taxed at your current rate on your lump sum payment. For example, if you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer your lump sum will be taxed at 20%.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in prison

    ", + "

    You will not build up extra State Pension until you leave prison.

    ", + "

    Annual increases

    ", + "

    After you claim your State Pension, the extra amount you get because you deferred will usually increase each year based on the Consumer Price Index. It will not increase for some people who live abroad.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the State Pension claim line if you need help.

    ", + "

    If you get benefits or tax credits

    ", + "

    You cannot build up extra State Pension during any period you get:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-based)
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Severe Disablement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Widow\u2019s Pension
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Unemployability Supplement
    • ", + "

    You cannot build up extra State Pension during any period your partner gets:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-related)
    • ", + "

    Higher weekly payments

    ", + "

    Taking your extra State Pension as higher weekly payments could reduce the amount you get from:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-related)
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax Reduction
    • ", + "
  • tax credits
    • ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    Your tax credits or Universal Credit payments may be reduced if you choose to take your extra State Pension as a lump sum.

    ", + "

    Winter Fuel Payment

    ", + "

    You need to claim Winter Fuel Payment if you\u2019ve deferred your State Pension. You only need to do this once.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact Jobcentre Plus if you need help to understand how your benefits could be affected.

    ", + "

    If you move abroad

    ", + "

    If you move to any of the countries in this list, the rules for deferring are the same as in the UK:

    ", + "
  • European Economic Area (EEA) countries
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • a country that the UK has a social security agreement with (except Canada or New Zealand)
    • ", + "

    If you move to a country that is not in the list, the extra payment you get will stay the same. It will not go up or down over time.

    ", + "

    If you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    If you move to a country that is not in the list, your extra payment will be based on the State Pension you\u2019re owed at whichever is later of:

    ", + "
  • the date you reach State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • the date you move abroad
    • ", + "

    Contact the International Pension Centre if you need help working out what you could get.

    ", + "

    Claim a deferred State Pension

    ", + "

    If you have deferred your State Pension for a year or less, you can apply online.

    ", + "

    You can also:

    ", + "
  • print off and post the State Pension claim form to the Pension Service
    • ", + "
  • apply by phone - call the Pension Service to get a State Pension claim form posted to you
    • ", + "

    Send your completed form to:

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to claim your pension from abroad, including the Channel Islands.

    ", + "

    If you have deferred for more than a year, you need to call the Pension Service to claim.

    ", + "

    The process is different if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Inheriting a deferred State Pension

    ", + "

    You can usually inherit your partner\u2019s extra State Pension if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your partner reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • you were married to, or in a civil partnership with, your partner when they died
    • ", + "
  • your partner had deferred their State Pension or was claiming their deferred State Pension when they died
    • ", + "
  • you did not remarry or form a new civil partnership before you reached State Pension age
    • ", + "

    If your partner died before 6 April 2010, one of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you were over State Pension age when your partner died
    • ", + "
  • you were under State Pension age when your partner died, you\u2019re a woman and your deceased partner was your husband
    • ", + "

    You can only receive any extra State Pension you\u2019ve inherited once you\u2019ve reached State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If your partner died before claiming their State Pension

    ", + "

    How you inherit your partner\u2019s extra State Pension depends on how long they deferred their pension for.

    ", + "

    A year or more

    ", + "

    If your partner deferred their State Pension by a year or more, you can usually choose to inherit it as a lump sum or as weekly payments. You\u2019ll get a letter with the options you can choose from.

    ", + "

    Between 5 weeks and a year

    ", + "

    If your partner deferred their State Pension by between 5 weeks and a year, you\u2019ll inherit it as weekly payments. You\u2019ll get these payments with your own State Pension.

    ", + "

    Less than 5 weeks

    ", + "

    If your partner deferred their State Pension by less than 5 weeks, their State Pension payments for those weeks will become part their estate (their total property, money and possessions).

    ", + "

    If your partner was getting their extra State Pension before they died

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll inherit your partner\u2019s extra State Pension as extra weekly payments. You\u2019ll get these payments with your own State Pension.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Over 80 pension", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/over-80-pension", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The over 80 pension is a State Pension for people aged 80 or over.

    ", + "

    To be eligible you must get either a basic State Pension of less than \u00a382.45 a week, or no basic State Pension at all.

    ", + "

    It can give you \u00a382.45 a week in the 2021 to 2022 tax year.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    What you get depends on how much basic State Pension you get, if any.

    ", + "

    If you do not get the basic State Pension or you get less than \u00a382.45 a week, you could get the difference paid up to this amount.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You cannot get the over 80 pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    You can claim the over 80 pension if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 80 or over
    • ", + "
  • you do not get basic State Pension or your basic State Pension is less than \u00a382.45 a week in 2021 to 2022
    • ", + "
  • you were resident in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 10 years out of 20 (this does not have to be 10 years in a row) - this 20 year period must include the day before you turned 80 or any day after
    • ", + "
  • you were \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Gibraltar on your 80th birthday or the date you made the claim for this pension, if later
    • ", + "

    If you live in or are moving to a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland, find out about pensions and benefits for UK nationals in the EU, EEA and Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Your eligibility for the over 80 pension is not based on National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can get a claim form from either:

    ", + "
  • your pension centre
    • ", + "
  • your local Jobcentre Plus
    • ", + "

    The earliest you can claim is 3 months before your 80th birthday.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Effect on other benefits

    ", + "

    The over 80 pension counts as taxable income, so it may affect other benefits you\u2019re getting.

    ", + "

    You must include the over 80 pension as income if you\u2019re claiming other income related benefits.

    ", + "

    What to do if your situation changes

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change it could affect your eligibility.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s important you contact the office that deals with your payments if you:

    ", + "
  • move house
    • ", + "
  • change your bank account
    • ", + "
  • go into (or leave) hospital or a health authority funded care home
    • ", + "
  • leave the UK to live abroad, or for a long visit
    • ", + "

    Report your change of situation to The Pension Service.

    ", + "

    Who to contact if you have further questions

    ", + "

    You can call The Pension Service if you have more questions about the over 80 pension.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Early retirement, your pension and benefits", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/early-retirement-pension", + "contents": [ + "

    State Pension

    ", + "

    The earliest you can get your State Pension is when you reach your State Pension age. You\u2019ll have to wait to claim your State Pension if you retire before you reach that age.

    ", + "

    The amount you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    The amount you\u2019ll get depends on your National Insurance record and when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll claim basic State Pension and Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll claim the new State Pension if you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    Personal and workplace pensions

    ", + "

    When you can take money from your pension pot will depend on your pension scheme\u2019s rules, but it\u2019s usually after you\u2019re 55.

    ", + "

    You may be able to take money out before this age if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re retiring early because of ill health
    • ", + "
  • you had the right under the scheme you joined before 6 April 2006 to take your pension before you\u2019re 55 \u2013 ask your pension provider if you\u2019re not sure
    • ", + "

    Some companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. This could be an unauthorised payment. If it\u2019s unauthorised, you pay up to 55% tax on it.

    ", + "

    The pension pot that you build up will probably be smaller if you retire early, because it\u2019s had less time to increase in value.

    ", + "

    Taking your pension early because of ill health

    ", + "

    You might be able to get higher payments if you need to take your pension early because of a health condition. Check with your provider.

    ", + "

    If your life expectancy is less than a year

    ", + "

    You may be able to take your whole pension pot as a tax-free lump sum if all of the following apply to you:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 75
    • ", + "
  • you do not have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 75 you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the lump sum.

    ", + "

    Check with your pension provider. Some pension funds will keep at least 50% of your pension pot for your spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    Benefits

    ", + "

    The amount of money you get from any income-related benefits could be affected if you take your pension early, such as money you get from:

    ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    Benefits if you retire early because of ill health

    ", + "

    If you retire early because of ill health you may be entitled to other benefits. Use a benefits calculator to check.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Pension Wise has information about how taking a personal or workplace pension early can affect your benefits.

    ", + "

    You can also get help from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • the Money Advice Service
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Personal pensions", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/personal-pensions-your-rights", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Personal pensions are pensions that you arrange yourself. They\u2019re sometimes known as defined contribution or \u2018money purchase\u2019 pensions. You\u2019ll usually get a pension that\u2019s based on how much was paid in.

    ", + "

    Some employers offer personal pensions as workplace pensions.

    ", + "

    The money you pay into a personal pension is put into investments (such as shares) by the pension provider. The money you\u2019ll get from a personal pension usually depends on:

    ", + "
  • how much has been paid in
    • ", + "
  • how the fund\u2019s investments have performed - they can go up or down
    • ", + "
  • how you decide to take your money
    • ", + "

    Types of personal pension

    ", + "

    There are different types of personal pension. They include:

    ", + "
  • stakeholder pensions - these must meet specific government requirements, for example limits on charges
    • ", + "
  • self-invested personal pensions (SIPPs) - these allow you to control the specific investments that make up your pension fund
    • ", + "

    You should check that your provider is registered with the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), or the Pensions Regulator if it\u2019s a stakeholder pension.

    ", + "

    Paying into a personal pension

    ", + "

    You can either make regular or individual lump sum payments to a pension provider. They will send you annual statements, telling you how much your fund is worth.

    ", + "

    You usually get tax relief on money you pay into a pension. Check with your provider that your pension scheme is registered with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - if it\u2019s not registered, you won\u2019t get tax relief.

    ", + "

    Choosing a personal pension

    ", + "

    Citizens Advice has information about choosing a personal pension.

    ", + "

    Independent financial advice

    ", + "

    You can find an independent financial adviser:

    ", + "
  • from Unbiased
    • ", + "
  • from the Personal Finance Society
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay for this advice.

    ", + "

    How you can take your pension

    ", + "

    Most personal pensions set an age when you can start taking money from them. It\u2019s not normally before 55. Contact your pension provider if you\u2019re not sure when you can take your pension.

    ", + "

    You can take up to 25% of the money built up in your pension as a tax-free lump sum. You\u2019ll then have 6 months to start taking the remaining 75%, which you\u2019ll usually pay tax on.

    ", + "

    The options you have for taking the rest of your pension pot include:

    ", + "
  • taking all or some of it as cash
    • ", + "
  • buying a product that gives give you a guaranteed income (sometimes known as an \u2018annuity\u2019) for life
    • ", + "
  • investing it to get a regular, adjustable income (sometimes known as \u2018flexi-access drawdown\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Ask your pension provider which options they offer (they may not offer all of them). If you don\u2019t want to take any of their options, you can transfer your pension pot to a different provider.

    ", + "

    Taxes and charges

    ", + "

    Your pension provider will take off any tax you owe before you get money from your pension pot.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay a higher rate of tax if you take large amounts from your pension pot. You could also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    Your pension provider might charge you for withdrawing cash from your pension pot - check with them about this.

    ", + "

    Get regular payments from an annuity

    ", + "

    You might be able to buy an annuity from an insurance company that gives you regular payments for life. You can ask your pension provider to pay for it out of your pension pot.

    ", + "

    The amount you get can vary. It depends on how long the insurance company expects you to live and how many years they\u2019ll have to pay you. When they calculate the amount they should take into account:

    ", + "
  • your age and gender
    • ", + "
  • the size of your pension pot
    • ", + "
  • interest rates
    • ", + "
  • your health (sometimes)
    • ", + "

    There are different kinds of annuities. Some are for a fixed time (for example, payments for 10 years instead of your lifetime) and some continue paying your spouse or partner after you die.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to buy your annuity from your pension provider.

    ", + "

    Invest the money in a drawdown fund

    ", + "

    You may be able to ask your pension provider to invest your pension pot in a flexi-access drawdown fund.

    ", + "

    From a flexi-access drawdown fund you can:

    ", + "
  • make withdrawals
    • ", + "
  • buy a short-term annuity - this will give you regular payments for up to 5 years
    • ", + "
  • pay in - but you\u2019ll pay tax on contributions over \u00a34,000 a year
    • ", + "

    Keeping your capped drawdown fund

    ", + "

    If you have a \u2018capped drawdown\u2019 fund and want to keep it, your money will stay invested.

    ", + "

    You can keep withdrawing and paying in. Your pension provider sets a maximum amount you can take out every year. This limit will be reviewed every 3 years until you turn 75, then every year after that.

    ", + "

    Withdraw cash from your pension pot

    ", + "

    You may be able to take cash directly from your pension pot. You could:

    ", + "
  • withdraw your whole pension pot
    • ", + "
  • withdraw smaller cash sums
    • ", + "
  • pay in - but you\u2019ll pay tax on contributions over \u00a34,000 a year
    • ", + "

    When you can\u2019t withdraw cash

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t take smaller cash sums if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve already saved \u00a31,073,100 in pension schemes over your lifetime (your lifetime allowance)
    • ", + "
  • you have some type of lifetime allowance protection
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 75, and the sums you want to withdraw are bigger than the amount of lifetime allowance you have left
    • ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact your pension provider first if you need help with a personal pension.

    ", + "

    If they can\u2019t help, you can get free and impartial information from The Pensions Advisory Service (they don\u2019t provide financial advice).

    ", + "

    Financial advice

    ", + "

    You can find a financial adviser if you want advice. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for their services.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 50

    ", + "

    Pension Wise has information about your pension options. If you\u2019re over 50 you can book a free appointment to talk about your options. Pension Wise doesn\u2019t cover the State Pension, \u2018final salary\u2019 or \u2018career average\u2019 pensions.

    ", + "

    State Pension

    ", + "

    For help with your State Pension contact the Pension Service.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    If you have a complaint about how your pension scheme is run, talk to your pension provider first. They have to respond within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the Pensions Ombudsman if you\u2019re concerned about how a pension scheme is run.

    ", + "

    Complain about marketing

    ", + "

    You can get help from the Pensions Advisory Service or complain to the Financial Ombudsman\u2019s Service about how a pension scheme has been marketed to you.

    ", + "

    If your provider has broken the law

    ", + "

    If you think your pension provider has broken the law, you can complain to:

    ", + "
  • the Pensions Regulator for workplace pensions
    • ", + "
  • the Financial Conduct Authority for personal and stakeholder pensions
    • ", + "

    If your provider goes bust

    ", + "

    If the pension provider was authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority and can\u2019t pay, you might get compensation from the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS).

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Plan your retirement income", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/plan-retirement-income", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A pension is a way to save money for later in your life.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get:

    ", + "
  • a pension from the government (\u2018State Pension\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • money from pension schemes you or your employer pay into
    • ", + "

    You might need more money than just the State Pension when you retire.

    ", + "

    Find out how much State Pension you could get (your forecast) and when you can get it.

    ", + "

    Use the Money Advice Service\u2019s pension calculator to get an estimate of your income when you retire and the ways you can increase it.

    ", + "

    Your pension options

    ", + "

    You can pay into as many pension schemes as you want. It depends on how much money you can set aside.

    ", + "

    You usually get tax relief up to certain limits on money you pay into a pension scheme.

    ", + "

    Private pension schemes

    ", + " | What it is", + "Workplace pensions | Arranged by your employer. Usually both you and your employer pay into it. What you get depends on the type of scheme your employer offers.", + "Personal and stakeholder pensions | A private pension that you pay into. Employers can also pay into them as a workplace pension scheme. What you get depends on how much is paid in and how well the investment does.", + "

    State Pension from the government

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016

    ", + " | What it is", + "Basic State Pension | The basic State Pension is a regular payment you can get from the government when you reach State Pension age. The amount you get depends on your National Insurance contributions and credits. The maximum you get is \u00a3137.60 per week.", + "Additional State Pension | An extra amount on top of your State Pension. Not a fixed amount. How much you get depends on your earnings and whether you claim certain benefits.", + "Pension Credit | For people on a low income. Tops up your weekly income to \u00a3177.10 (single people) or \u00a3270.30 (couples). You may get more if you\u2019re a carer, are severely disabled, have responsibility for a child, or have certain housing costs.", + "

    If you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + " | What it is", + "New State Pension | The new State Pension is a regular payment you can get from the government if you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. The amount you get depends on your National Insurance contributions and credits. The full new State Pension is \u00a3179.60 per week.", + "Protected payment | Any amount over the full new State Pension (\u00a3179.60) that you get from your National Insurance contributions or credits from before 6 April 2016 is protected. It will be paid on top of the full new State Pension.", + "Pension Credit | For people on a low income. Tops up your weekly income to \u00a3177.10 (single people) or \u00a3270.30 (couples). You may get more if you\u2019re a carer, are severely disabled, have responsibility for a child, or have certain housing costs.", + "

    Private pension schemes

    ", + "

    Workplace pensions and personal or stakeholder pensions are a way of making sure you have money on top of your State Pension.

    ", + "

    For most workplace and personal pensions, how much you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • the amount you\u2019ve paid in
    • ", + "
  • how well the pension fund\u2019s investments have done
    • ", + "
  • your age - and sometimes your health - when you start taking your pension pot
    • ", + "

    Workplace pensions

    ", + "

    Your employer must automatically enrol you in a workplace pension scheme if you\u2019re over 22 and under State Pension age, and earn more than \u00a310,000 a year.

    ", + "

    If you have a workplace pension your employer can make contributions on top of what you pay.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to make extra payments to boost your pension pot.

    ", + "

    Workplace pensions are protected against risks.

    ", + "

    Personal and stakeholder pensions

    ", + "

    You may want a personal or stakeholder pension:

    ", + "
  • to save extra money for later in life
    • ", + "
  • to top up your workplace pension
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re self-employed and do not have a workplace pension
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re not working but can afford to pay into a pension scheme
    • ", + "

    Some employers offer stakeholder or private pensions as workplace pensions.

    ", + "

    Stakeholder pensions must meet standards set by the government.

    ", + "

    Find a lost pension

    ", + "

    The Pension Tracing Service might be able to trace lost pensions that you\u2019ve paid into.

    ", + "

    Nominate someone to get your pension when you die

    ", + "

    Ask your pension provider if you can nominate someone to get money from your pension pot after you die.

    ", + "

    Check your scheme\u2019s rules about:

    ", + "
  • who you can nominate - some payments can only go to a dependant, for example your husband, wife, civil partner or child under 23
    • ", + "
  • what the person can get, for example regular payments or lump sums
    • ", + "
  • whether anything can change what the person gets, for example when and how you start taking your pension pot, or the age you die
    • ", + "

    Sometimes the pension provider can pay the money to someone else, for example if the person you nominated cannot be found or has died.

    ", + "

    The person you nominate may have to pay tax if they get money from your pension pot after you die.

    ", + "

    Pensions from the government

    ", + "

    The pension you get from the government (\u2018State Pension\u2019) is based on your National Insurance record when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    You need 30 years\u2019 worth of National Insurance contributions to get the full basic State Pension. You may also qualify for some Additional State Pension.

    ", + "

    You reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    The amount of new State Pension you\u2019ll get depends on your National Insurance record. National Insurance contributions or credits made before and after 6 April 2016 can count towards your new State Pension.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need at least 10 qualifying years of National Insurance contributions or credits to qualify for any State Pension.

    ", + "

    Find out how much State Pension you could get and when you can get it. You can also find out how you might be able to increase the amount you get.

    ", + "

    Getting more State Pension

    ", + "

    Deferring your pension

    ", + "

    When you reach State Pension age you have the option to defer your State Pension (delay payments). By doing this you\u2019ll get more money for every year you defer.

    ", + "

    Pension Credit

    ", + "

    Pension Credit is for older people on a low income to make sure they get a minimum weekly amount. You\u2019ll have to apply and all your sources of income (for example savings) will be checked to make sure you qualify.\nGetting Pension Credit may mean you\u2019re eligible for other benefits too.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re over 80

    ", + "

    People over 80 with little or no State Pension can apply for a payment of \u00a382.45 per week from the government through the over 80 Pension. You cannot get the over 80 pension if you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    Working past State Pension age

    ", + "

    You might decide that you do not want to stop working when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you do, you\u2019ll no longer have to pay National Insurance.

    ", + "

    The law protects you against discrimination if you\u2019re over State Pension age and want to stay in your job or get a new one.

    ", + "

    Staying in your job

    ", + "

    There is no official retirement age and you usually have the right to work as long as you want to.

    ", + "

    There are some circumstances when employers may have the right to set a compulsory retirement age that they choose.

    ", + "

    Your employer cannot make you redundant because of your age.

    ", + "

    Getting a new job

    ", + "

    You do not have to give your date of birth when applying for a new job. Employers cannot make you give this information if you do not want to.

    ", + "

    Employers also can not set an age limit for a job, unless they can justify it (for example because of certain physical abilities) or it\u2019s a limit set by law, for example for the fire service.

    ", + "

    You can request flexible working at any age.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    When planning your pension and retirement income you might need help with:

    ", + "
  • choosing a personal or stakeholder pension
    • ", + "
  • planning your savings
    • ", + "
  • choosing how you want to get your retirement income
    • ", + "
  • delaying your State Pension payments (deferring)
    • ", + "

    Where to get help

    ", + "

    You can get free guidance on your retirement savings options from:

    ", + "
  • Money Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • Pension Advisory Service
    • ", + "

    Pension Wise has information to help you decide what to do with your money if it\u2019s in a \u2018defined contribution\u2019 pension. If you\u2019re over 50, you can book an appointment to speak to someone.

    ", + "

    Paying for financial advice

    ", + "

    You can find an independent financial adviser:

    ", + "
  • on the Unbiased website
    • ", + "
  • from the Personal Finance Society
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying into a pension scheme, you can ask your pension provider about taking out up to \u00a3500 to pay for financial advice on retirement. You can do this once a year up to 3 times without a tax charge. Not all pension schemes provide this.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Transferring your pension", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transferring-your-pension", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may want to move some or all of your pension fund (sometimes called a \u2018pension pot\u2019) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re changing job
    • ", + "
  • your pension scheme is being closed or wound up
    • ", + "
  • you want to transfer to a better pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • you have pensions from more than one employer and want to bring them together
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re moving overseas and want to move your pension to a scheme in that country
    • ", + "

    Get help and advice

    ", + "

    You can get free, impartial information about transferring your pension from:

    ", + "
  • the Money Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • the Pensions Advisory Service
    • ", + "

    You can also get impartial advice about workplace pensions from an independent financial adviser. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for the advice.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re concerned about a pension scam

    ", + "

    Contact Action Fraud if you\u2019re transferring a pension and are concerned about a scam.

    ", + "

    You can also report a pension scam online to Action Fraud.

    ", + "

    Transferring to a UK pension scheme

    ", + "

    You can transfer your UK pension pot to another registered UK pension scheme.

    ", + "

    You can also use it to buy a \u2018deferred annuity contract\u2019 - an agreement that gives you a guaranteed income in the future.

    ", + "

    Transferring your pension pot anywhere else - or taking it as an unauthorised lump sum - will be an \u2018unauthorised payment\u2019 and you\u2019ll have to pay tax on the transfer.

    ", + "

    Before you make a transfer

    ", + "

    Contact your current pension provider and the provider you want to transfer to. You\u2019ll need to check if:

    ", + "
  • your existing pension scheme allows you to transfer some or all of your pension pot
    • ", + "
  • the scheme that you wish to transfer into will accept the transfer
    • ", + "

    Get help and advice including if you\u2019re concerned about a pension scam.

    ", + "

    If you transfer your pension, you may:

    ", + "
  • have to make payments to the new scheme
    • ", + "
  • have to pay a fee to make the transfer
    • ", + "
  • lose any right you had to take your pension at a certain age
    • ", + "
  • lose any fixed or enhanced protection you have when you transfer
    • ", + "
  • lose any right you had to take a tax free lump sum of more than 25% of your pension pot
    • ", + "

    Your pension providers can tell you whether any of these will apply.

    ", + "

    Transferring to an overseas pension scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to transfer your UK pension savings to an overseas pension scheme.

    ", + "

    Get help and advice including if you\u2019re concerned about a pension scam.

    ", + "

    Schemes you can transfer to

    ", + "

    The overseas scheme you want to transfer your pension savings to must be a \u2018qualifying recognised overseas pension scheme\u2019 (QROPS). It\u2019s up to you to check this with the overseas scheme or your UK pension provider or adviser.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s not a QROPS, your UK pension scheme may refuse to make the transfer, or you\u2019ll have to pay at least 40% tax on the transfer.

    ", + "

    Tax when you transfer to a QROPS

    ", + "

    Whether you pay tax depends on where the QROPS you transfer to is based. It\u2019s your responsibility to find out where this is.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay any tax if you asked for a transfer to a QROPS before 9 March 2017.

    ", + "

    You usually do not pay tax if you transfer to a QROPS provided by your employer. Check with the scheme to find out.

    ", + "

    You transfer to a QROPS based in the European Economic Area (EEA) or Gibraltar

    ", + "

    You pay 25% tax if you either:

    ", + "
  • live outside the UK, Gibraltar or the EEA
    • ", + "
  • move to live outside the UK, Gibraltar or the EEA within 5 years
    • ", + "

    Otherwise you do not pay tax.

    ", + "

    You can get tax refunded if you move to the UK, Gibraltar or an EEA country within 5 years of the transfer. To claim, tell your UK scheme\u2019s administrator and your overseas scheme manager you\u2019ve moved using form APSS 241. They\u2019ll put the tax refund back into the pension it was taken from.

    ", + "

    You transfer to a QROPS based outside the UK, Gibraltar or the EEA

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay tax if you live in the country your QROPS is based in. Otherwise you\u2019ll have to pay 25% tax.

    ", + "

    If you move countries within 5 years of the transfer, fill in form APSS 241 and give it to your scheme administrator. You\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • get a refund if you\u2019ve moved to the country your QROPS is based in
    • ", + "
  • have to pay 25% tax on your transfer if you\u2019ve moved away from the country your QROPS is based in
    • ", + "

    How to transfer

    ", + "

    Form APSS 263 tells you what information you\u2019ll need to provide before making a transfer.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the form and give it to your UK pension scheme administrator.

    ", + "

    Your transfer will be taxed at 25% if you do not provide all the information the form asks for within 60 days of requesting the transfer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 75, your UK pension scheme administrator will work out what percentage of your lifetime allowance is used by the transfer.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll tell you if the amount you\u2019re transferring is more than your allowance and if you\u2019ll be taxed on it.

    ", + "

    Payments from an overseas pension

    ", + "

    You may have to pay UK tax on some payments from your overseas scheme. This depends on when you were a UK resident.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Workplace pensions", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "contents": [ + "

    About workplace pensions

    ", + "

    A workplace pension is a way of saving for your retirement that\u2019s arranged by your employer.

    ", + "

    Some workplace pensions are called \u2018occupational\u2019, \u2018works\u2019, \u2018company\u2019 or \u2018work-based\u2019 pensions.

    ", + "

    How they work

    ", + "

    A percentage of your pay is put into the pension scheme automatically every payday.

    ", + "

    In most cases, your employer also adds money into the pension scheme for you. You may also get tax relief from the government.

    ", + "

    Joining a workplace pension

    ", + "

    All employers must provide a workplace pension scheme. This is called \u2018automatic enrolment\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your employer must automatically enrol you into a pension scheme and make contributions to your pension if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re classed as a \u2018worker\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re aged between 22 and State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you earn at least \u00a310,000 per year
    • ", + "
  • you usually (\u2018ordinarily\u2019) work in the UK (read the detailed guidance if you\u2019re not sure)
    • ", + "

    When your employer does not have to automatically enrol you

    ", + "

    Your employer usually does not have to automatically enrol you if you do not meet the previous criteria or if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve already given notice to your employer that you\u2019re leaving your job, or they\u2019ve given you notice
    • ", + "
  • you have evidence of your lifetime allowance protection (for example, a certificate from HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve already taken a pension that meets the automatic enrolment rules and your employer arranged it
    • ", + "
  • you get a one-off payment from a workplace pension scheme that\u2019s closed (a \u2018winding up lump sum\u2019), and then leave and rejoin the same job within 12 months of getting the payment
    • ", + "
  • more than 12 months before your staging date, you left (\u2018opted out\u2019) of a pension arranged through your employer
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re from an EU member state and are in a EU cross-border pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a limited liability partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a director without an employment contract and employ at least one other person in your company
    • ", + "

    You can usually still join their pension if you want to. Your employer cannot refuse.

    ", + "

    If your income is low

    ", + "

    Your employer does not have to contribute to your pension if you earn these amounts or less:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3520 a month
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3120 a week
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3480 over 4 weeks
    • ", + "

    What happens when you\u2019re automatically enrolled

    ", + "

    Your employer must write to you when you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled into their workplace pension scheme. They must tell you:

    ", + "
  • the date they added you to the pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • the type of pension scheme and who runs it
    • ", + "
  • how much they\u2019ll contribute and how much you\u2019ll have to pay in
    • ", + "
  • how to leave the scheme, if you want to
    • ", + "
  • how tax relief applies to you
    • ", + "

    Delaying your enrolment date

    ", + "

    Your employer can delay the date they must enrol you into a pension scheme by up to 3 months.

    ", + "

    In some cases they may be able to delay longer if they\u2019ve chosen either:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018defined benefit\u2019 pension
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018hybrid\u2019 pension (a mixture of defined benefit and defined contribution pensions) that allows you to take a defined benefit pension
    • ", + "

    Your employer must:

    ", + "
  • tell you about the delay in writing
    • ", + "
  • let you join in the meantime if you ask to
    • ", + "

    What your employer cannot do

    ", + "

    Your employer cannot:

    ", + "
  • unfairly dismiss or discriminate against you for being in a workplace pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • encourage or force you to opt out
    • ", + "

    What you, your employer and the government pay

    ", + "

    The amount you and your employer pay towards the pension depends on:

    ", + "
  • what type of workplace pension scheme you\u2019re in
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled in a workplace pension or you\u2019ve joined one voluntarily (\u2018opted in\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Use the Money Advice Service\u2019s contributions calculator to work out how much you and your employer will put in.

    ", + "

    Tax relief

    ", + "

    The government will usually add money to your workplace pension in the form of tax relief if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you pay Income Tax
    • ", + "
  • you pay into a personal pension or workplace pension
    • ", + "

    Even if you do not pay Income Tax, you\u2019ll still get an additional payment if your pension scheme uses \u2018relief at source\u2019 to add money to your pension pot.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled

    ", + "

    You and your employer must pay a percentage of your earnings into your workplace pension scheme.

    ", + "

    How much you pay and what counts as earnings depend on the pension scheme your employer has chosen. Ask your employer about your pension scheme rules.

    ", + "

    In most automatic enrolment schemes, you\u2019ll make contributions based on your total earnings between \u00a36,240 and \u00a350,270 a year before tax.\u00a0Your total earnings include:

    ", + "
  • salary or wages
    • ", + "
  • bonuses and commission
    • ", + "
  • overtime
    • ", + "
  • statutory sick pay
    • ", + "
  • statutory maternity, paternity or adoption pay
    • ", + "

    Workplace pension contributions

    ", + " | The minimum your employer pays | You pay | Total minimum contribution", + "From April 2019 | 3% | 5% | 8%", + "

    These amounts could be higher for you or your employer because of your pension scheme rules. They\u2019re higher for most defined benefit pension schemes.

    ", + "

    In some schemes, your employer has the option to pay in more than the legal minimum. In these schemes, you can pay in less as long as your employer puts in enough to meet the total minimum contribution.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve voluntarily enrolled in a workplace pension

    ", + "

    Your employer must contribute the minimum amount if you earn more than:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3520 a month
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3120 a week
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3480 over 4 weeks
    • ", + "

    They do not have to contribute anything if you earn these amounts or less.

    ", + "

    How your take-home pay changes

    ", + "

    Joining a workplace pension scheme means that your take-home income will be reduced. But this may:

    ", + "
  • mean you\u2019re entitled to tax credits or an increase in the amount of tax credits you get (although you may not get this until the next tax year)
    • ", + "
  • mean you\u2019re entitled to an income-related benefit or an increase in the amount of benefit you get
    • ", + "
  • reduce the amount of student loan repayments you need to make
    • ", + "

    Payments using salary sacrifice

    ", + "

    You and your employer may agree to use \u2018salary sacrifice\u2019 (sometimes known as a \u2018SMART\u2019 scheme).

    ", + "

    If you do this, you give up part of your salary and your employer pays this straight into your pension. In some cases, this will mean you and your employer pay less tax and National Insurance.

    ", + "

    Ask your employer if they use salary sacrifice.

    ", + "

    Protection for your pension

    ", + "

    How your pension is protected depends on the type of scheme.

    ", + "

    Defined contribution pension schemes

    ", + "

    If your employer goes bust

    ", + "

    Defined contribution pensions are usually run by pension providers, not employers. You will not lose your pension pot if your employer goes bust.

    ", + "

    If your pension provider goes bust

    ", + "

    If the pension provider was authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority and cannot pay you, you can get compensation from the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS).

    ", + "

    Trust-based schemes

    ", + "

    Some defined contribution schemes are run by a trust appointed by the employer. These are called \u2018trust-based schemes\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still get your pension if your employer goes out of business. But you might not get as much because the scheme\u2019s running costs will be paid by members\u2019 pension pots instead of the employer.

    ", + "

    Defined benefit pension schemes

    ", + "

    Your employer is responsible for making sure there\u2019s enough money in a defined benefit pension to pay each member the promised amount.

    ", + "

    Your employer cannot touch the money in your pension if they\u2019re in financial trouble.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re usually protected by the Pension Protection Fund if your employer goes bust and cannot pay your pension.

    ", + "

    The Pension Protection Fund usually pays:

    ", + "
  • 100% compensation if you\u2019ve reached the scheme\u2019s pension age
    • ", + "
  • 90% compensation if you\u2019re below the scheme\u2019s pension age
    • ", + "

    Fraud, theft or bad management

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a shortfall in your company\u2019s pension fund because of fraud or theft, you may be eligible for compensation from the Fraud Compensation Fund.

    ", + "

    Contact one of the following organisations if you want to make a complaint about the way your workplace pension scheme is run:

    ", + "
  • the Pensions Advisory Service
    • ", + "
  • the Pensions Ombudsman
    • ", + "

    Managing your pension

    ", + "

    Your pension provider will send you a statement each year to tell you how much is in your pension pot. You can also ask them for an estimate of how much you\u2019ll get when you start taking your pension pot.

    ", + "

    What you see on your payslip

    ", + "

    You do not need to do anything to get tax relief at the basic rate on your pension contributions. There are 2 types of arrangements:

    ", + "
  • net pay
    • ", + "
  • relief at source
    • ", + "

    Check with your employer or pension provider which arrangement your workplace pension uses. This determines what you\u2019ll see on your payslip.

    ", + "

    \u2018Net pay\u2019

    ", + "

    Your employer takes your contribution from your pay before it\u2019s taxed. You only pay tax on what\u2019s left. This means you get full tax relief, no matter if you pay tax at the basic, higher or additional rate.

    ", + "

    The amount you\u2019ll see on your payslip is your contribution plus the tax relief.

    ", + "

    You will not get tax relief if you do not pay tax, for example because you earn less than the tax threshold.

    ", + "

    \u2018Relief at source\u2019

    ", + "

    Your employer takes your pension contribution after taking tax and National Insurance from your pay. However much you earn, your pension provider then adds tax relief to your pension pot at the basic rate.

    ", + "

    With \u2018relief at source\u2019, the amount you see on your payslip is only your contributions, not the tax relief.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim money back if:

    ", + "
  • you pay higher or additional rate Income Tax
    • ", + "
  • you pay higher or top rate Income Tax in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Tracing lost pensions

    ", + "

    The Pension Tracing Service could help you find pensions you\u2019ve paid into but lost track of.

    ", + "

    Nominate someone to get your pension if you die

    ", + "

    You may be able to nominate (choose) someone to get your pension if you die before reaching the scheme\u2019s pension age. You can do this when you first join the pension or by writing to your provider.

    ", + "

    Ask your pension provider if you can nominate someone and what they\u2019d get if you die, for example regular payments or lump sums. Check your scheme\u2019s rules about:

    ", + "
  • who you can nominate - some payments can only go to a dependant, for example your husband, wife, civil partner or child under 23
    • ", + "
  • whether anything can change what the person gets, for example when and how you start taking your pension pot, or the age you die
    • ", + "

    You can change your nomination at any time. It\u2019s important to keep your nominee\u2019s details up to date.

    ", + "

    Sometimes the pension provider can pay the money to someone else, for example if the person you nominated cannot be found or has died.

    ", + "

    Taking your pension

    ", + "

    Most pension schemes set an age when you can take your pension, usually between 60 and 65. In some circumstances you can take your pension early. The earliest is usually 55.

    ", + "

    Some companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. Taking your pension early in this way could mean you pay tax of up to 55%.

    ", + "

    If the amount of money in your pension pot is quite small, you may be able to take it all as a lump sum. You can take 25% of it tax free, but you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the rest.

    ", + "

    How you get money from your pension depends on the type of scheme you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    Defined contribution pension schemes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to decide how to take your money if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme.

    ", + "

    Defined benefit pension schemes

    ", + "

    You may be able to take some money as a tax-free lump sum if you\u2019re in a defined benefit pension scheme - check with your pension provider. You\u2019ll get the rest as a guaranteed amount each year.

    ", + "

    Changing jobs and taking leave

    ", + "

    If you change jobs

    ", + "

    Your workplace pension still belongs to you. If you do not carry on paying into the scheme, the money will remain invested and you\u2019ll get a pension when you reach the scheme\u2019s pension age.

    ", + "

    You can join another workplace pension scheme if you get a new job.

    ", + "

    If you do, you might be able to:

    ", + "
  • carry on making contributions to your old pension
    • ", + "
  • combine the old and new pension schemes
    • ", + "

    Ask your pension providers about your options.

    ", + "

    If you move jobs but pay into an old pension, you may not get some of that pension\u2019s benefits - check if they\u2019re only available to current workers.

    ", + "

    If you worked at your job for less than 2 years before you left

    ", + "

    If you were in a defined benefit pension scheme for less than 2 years, you might be able to either:

    ", + "
  • get a refund on what you contributed
    • ", + "
  • transfer the value of its benefits to another scheme (a \u2018cash sum transfer\u2019)
    • ", + "

    This depends on the type of defined benefit scheme and its rules. Check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.

    ", + "

    Paid leave

    ", + "

    During paid leave, you and your employer carry on making pension contributions.

    ", + "

    The amount you contribute is based on your actual pay during this time, but your employer pays contributions based on the salary you would have received if you were not on leave.

    ", + "

    Maternity and other parental leave

    ", + "

    You and your employer will continue to make pension contributions if you\u2019re getting paid during maternity leave.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not getting paid, your employer still has to make pension contributions in the first 26 weeks of your leave (\u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019). They have to carry on making contributions afterwards if it\u2019s in your contract. Check your employer\u2019s maternity policy.

    ", + "

    Unpaid leave

    ", + "

    You may be able to make contributions if you want to - check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.

    ", + "

    If you become self-employed or stop working

    ", + "

    You may be able to carry on contributing to your workplace pension - ask the scheme provider.

    ", + "

    You could use the National Employment Saving Trust (NEST) - a workplace pension scheme that working self-employed people or sole directors of limited companies can use.

    ", + "

    You could set up a personal or stakeholder pension.

    ", + "

    You can get help with your workplace pension options.

    ", + "

    If you want to leave your workplace pension scheme

    ", + "

    What you do if you want to leave a workplace pension depends on whether you\u2019ve been \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019 in it or not.

    ", + "

    If you have not been automatically enrolled

    ", + "

    Check with your employer - they\u2019ll tell you what to do.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled

    ", + "

    Your employer will have sent you a letter telling you that you\u2019ve been added to the scheme.

    ", + "

    You can leave (called \u2018opting out\u2019) if you want to.

    ", + "

    If you opt out within a month of your employer adding you to the scheme, you\u2019ll get back any money you\u2019ve already paid in.

    ", + "

    You may not be able to get your payments refunded if you opt out later - they\u2019ll usually stay in your pension until you retire.

    ", + "

    You can opt out by contacting your pension provider. Your employer must tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Reducing your payments

    ", + "

    You may be able to reduce the amount you contribute to your workplace pension for a short time. Check with both your employer and your pension provider to see if you can do this and how long you can do it for.

    ", + "

    Opting back in

    ", + "

    You can do this at any time by writing to your employer. They do not have to accept you back into their workplace scheme if you\u2019ve opted in and then opted out in the past 12 months.

    ", + "

    Rejoining the scheme automatically

    ", + "

    Your employer will automatically re-enrol you in the scheme. They must do this either every 3 years (from the date you first enrolled), or they can choose to do it sooner. They\u2019ll write to you when they do this.

    ", + "

    When you do not rejoin automatically

    ", + "

    If you no longer qualify for the scheme, you will not be automatically re-enrolled.

    ", + "

    If you chose to leave the scheme in the 12 months before the date you would have been re-enrolled, your employer does not have to automatically re-enrol you. But they can choose to re-enrol you.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    For questions about the specific terms of your workplace pension scheme, talk to your pension provider or your employer.

    ", + "

    You can get free, impartial information about your workplace pension options from:

    ", + "
  • the Money Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • the Pensions Advisory Service
    • ", + "
  • Pension Wise if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme
    • ", + "

    You can get impartial advice about workplace pensions from an independent financial adviser. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for the advice.

    ", + "

    For general questions on workplace pensions contact the DWP Workplace Pension Information Line.

    ", + "

    Only use the information line if you\u2019re a worker - employers should contact The Pensions Regulator.

    ", + "

    Problems with being \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019

    ", + "

    Contact the The Pensions Regulator if you have concerns about the way your employer is dealing with automatic enrolment.

    ", + "

    The Pensions Advisory Service may also be able to help you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already paying into a personal pension

    ", + "

    Check whether it\u2019s better for you to:

    ", + "
  • carry on with just your personal pension
    • ", + "
  • stop paying into your personal pension and join your workplace pension
    • ", + "
  • keep paying into both
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re saving large amounts in pensions

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a tax charge if your total savings in workplace pensions and any other personal pension scheme go above your:

    ", + "
  • lifetime allowance - \u00a31,055,000
    • ", + "
  • annual allowance - usually the lowest out of \u00a340,000 or 100% of your annual income
    • ", + "

    If you start taking your pension pot your annual allowance could drop to as low as \u00a34,000.

    ", + "

    If your pension scheme is closing

    ", + "

    This can happen if your employer decides they do not want to use a scheme anymore or they can no longer pay their contributions. What happens to the money you paid in depends on the pension scheme you\u2019ve joined.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled, your employer cannot close a pension scheme without automatically enrolling you into another one.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting a divorce

    ", + "

    You and your spouse or partner will have to tell the court the value of each of your pension pots. You then have different options to work out what happens to your pension when you get a divorce.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Changing an employment contract", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-employment-contract-how-it-can-be-changed", + "contents": [ + "

    Getting agreement

    ", + "

    Usually, the employer and employee both need to agree to any contract changes. But an employee can insist on a change if they have a legal right to it.

    ", + "

    Employers

    ", + "

    You must get an employee\u2019s agreement if you want to make changes to their contract.

    ", + "

    You should:

    ", + "
  • consult or negotiate with employees or their representatives (for example from a trade union or staff association)
    • ", + "
  • explain the reasons for changes
    • ", + "
  • listen to alternative ideas from employees
    • ", + "

    You may also want to talk with workers, asking them about their future plans. With older employees this can include talking about their thoughts on retirement and their options for staying in the job, for example changes to their role, hours or working pattern.

    ", + "

    Employees

    ", + "

    Explain to your employer why you want to make the changes. You can insist on a change if it\u2019s covered by a statutory right - for example not working on a Sunday.

    ", + "

    Making changes

    ", + "

    Once employers have agreed on changes with their staff, they need to:

    ", + "
  • update the terms of their employees\u2019 \u2018written statement\u2019 of employment conditions
    • ", + "
  • write to their employees within a month to tell them exactly what has changed
    • ", + "

    If an employer changes terms and conditions that are not in the written statement (for example the right to sick leave), they should tell their employees where to find information about the change. This could be in a company handbook, noticeboard or intranet site.

    ", + "

    Collective agreements

    ", + "

    Employers must write to their staff to let them know about any changes to collective agreements with trade unions or staff associations.

    ", + "

    These changes might affect the terms of employees\u2019 written statements, including pay and working hours, whether or not they\u2019re a member of the union or staff association.

    ", + "

    Flexibility clauses

    ", + "

    Flexibility clauses are terms in a contract that give employers the right to change some conditions of employment, for example relocation.

    ", + "

    Employers can only use flexibility clauses to make reasonable changes.

    ", + "

    Changes of employer

    ", + "

    If someone starts working for a different employer, they\u2019ll normally have to be given a new written statement within 2 months.

    ", + "

    However, if the name of a business changes or there\u2019s a new employer but no other changes in terms and conditions, the employer does not need to issue a new written statement. They still need to write to their staff about the changes within a month.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary measures

    ", + "

    Sometimes changes to an employee\u2019s terms and conditions, like a demotion, can happen as a result of a disciplinary measure.

    ", + "

    Employers should make sure the staff handbook or intranet site contains information about how this could happen in the section dealing with disciplinary procedures.

    ", + "

    Dealing with problems

    ", + "

    Problems can arise if:

    ", + "
  • an employer tries to change a contract without agreement, or re-employs someone on new terms and conditions
    • ", + "
  • there is a breach of contract where one of the terms in a contract is broken (for example an employer does not pay agreed wages or employees do not work agreed hours)
    • ", + "

    Solving disputes

    ", + "

    Employers and their staff should try to solve disputes about contract changes by talking informally or through mediation.

    ", + "

    Employees can also get advice from their trade union representative (if they\u2019re a member of a union), Citizen\u2019s Advice or Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service). In Northern Ireland, they can get advice from the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) .

    ", + "

    If the problem cannot be solved, employers or employees may have the right to take legal action. It\u2019s important to get advice first because legal action can be expensive. Trade union members may be able to get legal advice from their union.

    ", + "

    Making a change without agreement

    ", + "

    If an employer makes a change to a contract without getting agreement (including by using flexibility clauses unreasonably), employees may:

    ", + "
  • have the right to refuse to work under the new conditions
    • ", + "
  • say that they\u2019re working any new terms under protest, and are treating the change as a breach of contract
    • ", + "
  • resign and claim constructive dismissal
    • ", + "
  • be able to take a case to an employment tribunal
    • ", + "

    In Northern Ireland an employment tribunal is known as an \u2018industrial tribunal\u2019.

    ", + "

    If an employee disagrees with new terms and conditions but does not say or do anything, this may count as agreeing to the changes.

    ", + "

    Re-employment on new terms and conditions

    ", + "

    Employers may, as a last resort, end a contract and re-employ someone on new terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    Employers who are dismissing employees must follow the legally required:

    ", + "
  • redundancy procedure in England, Wales and Scotland
    • ", + "
  • statutory minimum dismissal in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    If an employer does dismiss and re-employ someone, they may be able to take a case to a tribunal and claim:

    ", + "
  • breach of contract
    • ", + "
  • unfair dismissal
    • ", + "

    Breach of contract claims

    ", + "

    If an employee claims breach of contract and they cannot solve things informally with their employer, they may be able to take their case to a civil court or an employment tribunal (or an industrial tribunal in Northern Ireland).

    ", + "

    Their employer may be able to make a counter-claim.

    ", + "

    Claims and counter-claims can only go to a tribunal if they:

    ", + "
  • are related to an employment contract issue
    • ", + "
  • still have not been solved when the employee ends their employment
    • ", + "

    The claim or counter-claim cannot be related to a personal injury, or certain types of contract term like intellectual property rights.

    ", + "

    Time limits

    ", + "

    Usually, employees must make a claim to a tribunal within 3 months of ending their employment. The employer gets 6 weeks from receiving a copy of the claim to decide whether to make a counter-claim.

    ", + "

    Compensation limits

    ", + "

    If the tribunal agrees with the employee\u2019s claim, they may award compensation. This can only be for financial loss (for example, non-payment of wages) up to a maximum of \u00a325,000.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Your rights as an agency worker", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/agency-workers-your-rights", + "contents": [ + "

    When you're an agency worker

    ", + "

    You\u2019re an agency worker if you have a contract with an agency but you work temporarily for a hirer. Agencies can include recruitment agencies, for example \u2018temp agencies\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also an agency worker if you look for work through entertainment and modelling agencies.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not an agency worker if you use an agency to find permanent or fixed-term employment. Check with the company that hired you.

    ", + "

    Contact ACAS if you\u2019re unsure if you\u2019re an agency worker.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Recruitment agencies cannot charge you a fee for finding or trying to find you work.

    ", + "

    They can charge you for certain services, for example CV writing, training or transport. You have the right to cancel these as long as you give notice.

    ", + "

    If any agency offers you services it:

    ", + "
  • must give you full written details of the fee and conditions before charging you - including details of your right to cancel and the notice period
    • ", + "
  • cannot make you use these services as a condition for finding you work
    • ", + "

    There are different rules for entertainment and modelling agencies.

    ", + "

    When you want to cancel a service

    ", + "

    You can cancel paid services without a penalty. You must give a minimum of:

    ", + "
  • 10 working days\u2019 written notice to the agency to cancel living accommodation
    • ", + "
  • 5 working days\u2019 notice for all other services, such as training courses
    • ", + "

    You can complain to Acas if you think your agency has unfairly charged you or it will not refund you during the notice period.

    ", + "

    What your agency must give you

    ", + "

    Your agency must give you information about the work they\u2019re trying to find you.

    ", + "

    Before you\u2019re offered a job

    ", + "

    Before looking for work for you, your agency must give you:

    ", + "
  • a key information document
    • ", + "
  • written terms of engagement - often known as a contract
    • ", + "

    Key information document

    ", + "

    The key information document is a short explanation of how you\u2019ll be paid and what deductions will be applied.

    ", + "

    It must include:

    ", + "
  • the minimum rate of pay you can expect
    • ", + "
  • a sample payslip giving an estimate of your take home pay after things like National Insurance, Income Tax or private healthcare
    • ", + "
  • who is paying you
    • ", + "
  • if you have any fees to pay
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re entitled to any benefits
    • ", + "

    Your agency does not have to give you a key information document if you\u2019ve already agreed terms of engagement with them before 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    Terms of engagement

    ", + "

    The written terms of engagement should include:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re employed under a contract for services or a contract of employment
    • ", + "
  • your notice period
    • ", + "
  • your pay
    • ", + "
  • your holiday entitlement
    • ", + "

    An agency cannot change your terms and conditions without telling you. If you agree to changes, you must be given a new document with the full details of the changes and the date they changed.

    ", + "

    An agency cannot give information about you to any third parties (including current employers or hirers) without your permission.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re offered a job

    ", + "

    The agency must give you a written statement that tells you:

    ", + "
  • your start date
    • ", + "
  • how long the contract is likely to last
    • ", + "
  • the type of work
    • ", + "
  • about any expenses you may have to pay
    • ", + "
  • the location
    • ", + "
  • your hours
    • ", + "
  • about any health and safety risks
    • ", + "
  • about any experience, training or qualifications needed for the role
    • ", + "

    Equal treatment

    ", + "

    From the day you start work you have a worker\u2019s employment rights.

    ", + "

    You also have the same rights as your permanent colleagues to use any shared facilities and services provided by your employer, for example:

    ", + "
  • a canteen or food and drinks machines
    • ", + "
  • a workplace creche or mother and baby room
    • ", + "
  • car parking or transport services, like a local pick-up service or transport between sites
    • ", + "

    Rights after 12 weeks

    ", + "

    After 12 weeks in the job you qualify for the same rights as someone employed directly. This is known as \u2018equal treatment\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your rights include:

    ", + "
  • \u2018equal pay\u2019 - the same pay as a permanent colleague doing the same job
    • ", + "
  • automatic pension enrolment
    • ", + "
  • paid annual leave
    • ", + "

    How to count your 12 week period

    ", + "

    Start counting your 12 week qualifying period from your first day at work.

    ", + "

    You do not have to be at work for 12 weeks in a row - some types of leave count and there can be breaks.

    ", + "

    Do not count days on sick leave or a break

    ", + "

    The qualifying period will pause for sick leave or breaks. Do not count the days when:

    ", + "
  • you take a break of 6 weeks or less
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re on leave due to sickness or injury for up to 28 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you take annual leave you\u2019re entitled to
    • ", + "
  • the workplace closes, for example for Christmas or industrial action
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re on jury service for up to 28 weeks
    • ", + "

    Count time off for pregnancy, paternity or adoption

    ", + "

    Your 12 week qualifying period will continue through time off you have for:

    ", + "
  • pregnancy and up to 26 weeks after childbirth
    • ", + "
  • adoption leave
    • ", + "
  • paternity leave
    • ", + "

    If your leave is more than 12 weeks you\u2019ll qualify for equal treatment when you return to work.

    ", + "

    Start from zero for a new job or role

    ", + "

    Your 12 weeks will start again if you:

    ", + "
  • get a new job at a different workplace
    • ", + "
  • have a break of more than 6 weeks between jobs at the same workplace
    • ", + "
  • stay at your workplace but take a new role that\u2019s \u2018substantively different\u2019
    • ", + "

    A substantively different role is one that\u2019s completely new, different work. It could be a combination of different:

    ", + "
  • skills, or requiring new training
    • ", + "
  • pay rate
    • ", + "
  • location
    • ", + "
  • working hours
    • ", + "

    Pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to the National Minimum Wage for all the hours you work, even if you have not recorded them on a timesheet.

    ", + "

    After 12 weeks you\u2019re entitled to be paid the same as a permanent employee doing the same job.

    ", + "

    If your agency withholds your pay

    ", + "

    Your agency can delay paying you while they get proof of the hours you worked, but only for a reasonable period of time.

    ", + "

    Your agency cannot refuse to pay you because your hirer\u2019s unhappy with your work - this is a contractual issue between your agency and the hirer.

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to an employment tribunal if your agency is refusing to pay you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve opted out of the right to equal pay

    ", + "

    Your agency should contact you to explain that after 12 weeks you\u2019re entitled to the same pay as a permanent employee doing the same job.

    ", + "

    Maternity rights

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Statutory Maternity Pay, but you cannot get Statutory Maternity Leave.

    ", + "

    As an agency worker, you have employee\u2019s pregnancy rights after working in your role for 12 weeks.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to discriminate against you on the grounds that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve given birth in the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re breastfeeding
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s discrimination if your:

    ", + "
  • agency refuses to place you in a job
    • ", + "
  • hirer refuses to hire you
    • ", + "
  • job was terminated because you\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "
  • agency refuses to keep you on its books
    • ", + "
  • agency offers you only short jobs and gives longer ones to other agency workers
    • ", + "
  • hirer will not let you come back after having leave due to maternity
    • ", + "

    Contact Acas if you believe you\u2019ve been discriminated against.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a risk to your health

    ", + "

    Your hirer should make reasonable adjustments so you can do your job. If this isn\u2019t possible your agency must find you alternative work or pay you at the same rate for the expected length of your contract.

    ", + "

    Antenatal care

    ", + "

    After 12 weeks in the job you can get paid time off to go to \u2018antenatal care\u2019 if you cannot arrange it outside working hours.

    ", + "

    Antenatal care includes antenatal classes, appointments and parenting classes if they\u2019ve been recommended by a doctor or midwife.

    ", + "

    You must also be paid for the travel time if it\u2019s during working hours.

    ", + "

    Entertainment agencies

    ", + "

    Entertainment agencies can charge you a fee:

    ", + "
  • for finding you work, for example taking a commission (percentage fee) from your earnings
    • ", + "
  • to publish your details online or in a publication
    • ", + "

    They must tell you in writing if a fee is involved.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re publishing your details

    ", + "

    Once you receive the contract, you have a 30-day \u2018cooling off\u2019 period when you:

    ", + "
  • can cancel or withdraw from it without getting a penalty
    • ", + "
  • do not have to pay
    • ", + "

    The agency must show you what it plans to publish about you before it\u2019s published.

    ", + "

    You then have up to 7 days after the cooling off period to say if you do not want the information to be published. If you\u2019re happy, you must pay after the 7 days.

    ", + "

    If the agency charged you but did not publish your name, you have the right to a refund for up to 60 days.

    ", + "

    Contact Acas if you believe you\u2019ve been charged unfairly.

    ", + "

    Modelling agencies

    ", + "

    Fashion and photographic model agencies can charge you a fee for finding you work. They can take a commission (percentage fee) from your earnings.

    ", + "

    They can also charge a fee to publish your details online or in a publication. They cannot charge this fee to you upfront but they can take it from your earnings if they find you work.

    ", + "

    They must tell you in writing if a fee is involved.

    ", + "

    Contact Acas if you believe you\u2019ve been charged unfairly.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Understanding your pay", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/understanding-your-pay", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When you start work, your employer should tell you how much you\u2019ll be paid and how often. They should also tell you:

    ", + "
  • the day or date you\u2019ll be paid, for example each Friday or the last day of the month
    • ", + "
  • how you\u2019ll be paid, for example cash, cheque or bank transfer
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employee or \u2018worker\u2019 (not a contractor or freelancer), you have the right to a payslip, which shows:

    ", + "
  • your earnings before and after any deductions
    • ", + "
  • the amount of any deductions that may change each time you\u2019re paid, for example tax and National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • the number of hours you worked, if your pay varies depending on time worked
    • ", + "

    You might need to know how to work out your weekly pay if you have to claim payments for redundancy or compensation from your employer.

    ", + "

    Part-time workers

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a part-time worker, you must get at least the same hourly pay rate as a full-time worker doing a similar job.

    ", + "

    Working out your pay

    ", + "

    Knowing how to work out your weekly pay is important because it\u2019s used to work out how much you should get for:

    ", + "
  • redundancy pay and pay during time off for job-hunting if you\u2019re made redundant
    • ", + "
  • pay during your notice period when leaving a job
    • ", + "
  • holiday pay
    • ", + "
  • guarantee pay for work - you get this if your employer cannot provide you with work, but your contract says they have to pay you anyway
    • ", + "
  • compensation awarded by Employment Tribunals
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019re entitled to depends on your work status.

    ", + "

    You do not need to calculate your weekly pay, if you\u2019re paid weekly and your pay does not vary.

    ", + "

    If your pay varies or you\u2019re not paid weekly, you have to use a 12-week period for working it out.

    ", + "

    The 12-week period

    ", + "

    You can work out your weekly pay by getting an average figure for a 12-week period. The particular 12 weeks you use varies depending on what you\u2019re calculating your pay for.

    ", + "

    Redundancy

    ", + "

    Use the 12 weeks up to the day you got your redundancy notice to work out your pay.

    ", + "

    Notice pay

    ", + "

    Use the 12 weeks up to the first day of the notice period to work out what your notice pay should be.

    ", + "

    Paid annual leave

    ", + "

    Work this out using the 12 weeks leading up to your holiday.

    ", + "

    Guarantee payments

    ", + "

    Use the 12 weeks leading up to when your payment is due. If you no longer work for that employer, use the last 12 weeks of your employment with them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve worked for your employer for less than 12 weeks, you should be allowed to calculate your average weekly pay using:

    ", + "
  • the number of hours you would have worked
    • ", + "
  • the hours of other workers doing a similar job for your employer
    • ", + "

    Working out your weekly figure

    ", + "

    Add up the total amount of pay for the period and divide it by 12 to get the weekly figure. You do this even if you\u2019ve had to use a period of more than 12 weeks.

    ", + "

    You can also include bonuses.

    ", + "

    Overtime

    ", + "

    You can include overtime in your calculations if your contract says your employer has to pay it.

    ", + "

    Work done for a previous employer

    ", + "

    You can include pay for work done for a previous employer if you\u2019re calculating your average weekly pay and you did not have a gap in employment when you changed jobs.

    ", + "

    Get help with the calculations

    ", + "

    You can get help to calculate a week\u2019s pay from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    Pay calculations if you work shifts or get bonuses

    ", + "

    If your pay or working hours vary from week to week, the calculations for working out your weekly pay are more complicated.

    ", + "

    Bonuses and commission

    ", + "

    Your pay could vary depending on the amount of work you do, because of:

    ", + "
  • bonuses
    • ", + "
  • commission
    • ", + "
  • \u2018piece work\u2019 - you\u2019re paid by the amount of work you do, rather than by the hour
    • ", + "

    The 12-week period

    ", + "

    If you get bonuses, commission or piece work, you\u2019ll need to work out your average hourly rate over a 12-week period to work out your weekly pay.

    ", + "

    Add up your total pay for the 12 weeks first. You can include overtime and bonuses. There are special calculations for bonuses.

    ", + "

    Quarterly bonuses

    ", + "

    You can include a proportion of your quarterly bonuses in your calculations.

    ", + "
  • Divide the bonus amount by 13 (the number of weeks in a quarter of a year).
    • ", + "
  • Multiply this figure by 12 (the number of weeks your pay is averaged across).
    • ", + "

    Annual bonuses

    ", + "

    If you get an annual bonus here\u2019s what you need to do.

    ", + "
  • Divide the bonus amount by 52 (the number of weeks in a year).
    • ", + "
  • Multiply this by 12.
    • ", + "

    Hourly rate

    ", + "

    Work out the average hourly rate by dividing the total amount you earned in 12-week period by the number of hours you worked.

    ", + "

    Weekly rate

    ", + "

    Multiply your hourly rate by the average number of hours you worked each week in the 12-week period, to get your weekly rate.

    ", + "

    Shift or rota work

    ", + "

    Your week\u2019s pay will be the average number of hours you work at an average pay rate over a 12-week period.

    ", + "

    Get help with the calculations

    ", + "

    You can get help to calculate a week\u2019s pay from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    Performance-related pay

    ", + "

    Your employer should base your performance-related pay on clear, measurable targets - they should tell you about these.

    ", + "

    There are 2 main types of performance pay:

    ", + "
  • short-term schemes, like bonus payments or sales commission
    • ", + "
  • long-term schemes, like company shares
    • ", + "

    Non-payment of bonuses or commission

    ", + "

    If you do not get a bonus or commission you\u2019re owed and you think there\u2019s been a mistake:

    ", + "
  • speak to your employer to see if there\u2019s been a misunderstanding
    • ", + "
  • ask them set out in writing how they\u2019ve calculated your pay
    • ", + "
  • keep copies of any letters and notes of any meetings
    • ", + "

    If a bonus or commission is included in your contract, non-payment is a breach of contract. You can get help with making a complaint.

    ", + "

    Non-payment of bonuses may also be covered legally under:

    ", + "
  • unlawful deductions from wages - for example, you\u2019re entitled to payment but it has not been given
    • ", + "
  • unlawful discrimination - your employer must not discriminate against particular groups, for example giving smaller bonuses to women
    • ", + "

    You can get advice from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.

    ", + "

    Deductions from your pay

    ", + "

    Your employer is not allowed to make deductions unless:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s required or allowed by law, for example National Insurance, income tax or student loan repayments
    • ", + "
  • you agree in writing
    • ", + "
  • your contract says they can
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s a statutory payment due to a public authority
    • ", + "
  • you have not worked due to taking part in a strike or industrial action
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s been an earlier overpayment of wages or expenses
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a result of a court order
    • ", + "

    A deduction cannot normally reduce your pay below the National Minimum Wage even if you agree to it, except if the deduction is for:

    ", + "
  • tax or National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • something you\u2019ve done and your contract says you\u2019re liable for it, for example a shortfall in your till if you work in a shop
    • ", + "
  • repayment of a loan or advance of wages
    • ", + "
  • repayment of an accidental overpayment of wages
    • ", + "
  • buying shares or share options in the business
    • ", + "
  • accommodation provided by your employer
    • ", + "
  • your own use, for example union subscriptions or pension contributions
    • ", + "

    If you work in retail - for example shops, restaurants

    ", + "

    Your employer cannot take more than 10% from your gross pay (pay before tax and National Insurance) each pay period to cover any shortfalls.

    ", + "

    If you have not been paid in full

    ", + "

    Speak to your employer first to try to sort out the problem informally.

    ", + "

    If this does not work, talk to Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.

    ", + "

    You have the right to go to an Employment Tribunal to get your money.

    ", + "

    If you leave your job

    ", + "

    Check your contract to see if your employer is allowed to withhold your pay. Normally you\u2019re entitled to be paid everything you\u2019ve earned up to the point you finish.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re forced to resign because your employer refuses to pay you, you may be able to make a constructive dismissal claim in an Employment Tribunal.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Complain about your trade union", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/complain-trade-union", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Certification Officer about a trade union if you\u2019re a member.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to complain if you\u2019re not a member of a trade union, for example you\u2019re a candidate in an election run by a union.

    ", + "

    What you can complain about

    ", + "

    You can complain if you think the trade union has:

    ", + "
  • broken its own rules, for example about holding elections or ballots
    • ", + "
  • broken laws on running trade unions, for example not holding a proper ballot on a proposed merger of trade unions or not providing access to accounting records
    • ", + "

    You can also complain about trade union funds being used illegally or in a way that breaks the financial rules of the union, known as financial irregularities.

    ", + "

    You do not have to be a member of a trade union to complain about financial irregularities.

    ", + "

    The make a complaint guidance has a full list of the complaints you can make to the Certification Officer

    ", + "

    What you cannot complain about

    ", + "

    You cannot complain about what a union does for you, for example representing you if you\u2019re unfairly dismissed. You should get legal advice instead.

    ", + "

    Complain to your trade union first

    ", + "

    Talk to your trade union and try to resolve the problem with them before taking it to the Certification Officer.

    ", + "

    You can take your complaint further if you\u2019ve been through all the steps in your trade union\u2019s complaints procedure and you\u2019re still not satisfied.

    ", + "

    Complain to a court

    ", + "

    You might be able to take your trade union to court, for example for breach of contract if it breaks its own rules. You should seek legal advice before you do this. You cannot complain to the Certification Officer and the courts about the same problem.

    ", + "

    Complain to the Certification Officer

    ", + "
  • Make a complaint.
    • ", + "
  • Attend a hearing.
    • ", + "
  • Get a decision.
    • ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    Email or call the Certification Officer to talk about your complaint before you make a complaint in writing.

    ", + "

    The make a complaint guidance has information on how to make a complaint and when you can make it.

    ", + "

    The financial irregularities guidance has information on how:

    ", + "
  • to make a complaint about the illegal or improper use of funds in trade unions and employers\u2019 associations
    • ", + "
  • the Certification Officer might appoint an inspector to investigate the complaint
    • ", + "
  • the Certification Officer makes a decision and how they\u2019ll tell you this
    • ", + "

    Use the complaint form

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the registration of complaint form.

    ", + "

    Email the registration of complaint form to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Make an anonymous complaint

    ", + "

    You might be able to make your complaint anonymously if you feel your complaint would put you in danger.

    ", + "

    Use the registration of complaint form to make your complaint and do both of the following:

    ", + "
  • tell the Certification Officer that you want to make an anonymous complaint
    • ", + "
  • explain why you want your identity kept secret from your union
    • ", + "

    If the Certification Officer agrees, they will keep your identity secret from the trade union.

    ", + "

    You can retract your complaint if the Certification Officer does not think your complaint can be made anonymously. You should tell them in writing that you want to retract your complaint.

    ", + "

    Attend a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the chance to attend a hearing with the Certification Officer to have your complaint heard.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the Certification Officer asking you to confirm what your complaint is about, for example what rule you think has been broken.

    ", + "

    Your complaint will be sent to your union - they can disagree with any allegation you\u2019ve made.

    ", + "

    Provide documents for your hearing

    ", + "

    You and your union must send certain documents by a date specified by the Certification Officer.

    ", + "

    These include:

    ", + "
  • copies of all the documents that relate to your complaint
    • ", + "
  • written statements from anyone that\u2019s going to give evidence at the hearing
    • ", + "
  • written draft arguments
    • ", + "
  • copies of any legal evidence that backs up the draft arguments
    • ", + "

    Get a date for the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the Certification Officer that sets a date for the hearing when both of the following have happened:

    ", + "
  • your union has replied to the Certification Officer about your complaint
    • ", + "
  • you and your union provide the Certification Officer with all the necessary documents
    • ", + "

    You or your union can ask for the hearing to be postponed if either of you can\u2019t attend the hearing on the date given.

    ", + "

    The hearing guidance tells you:

    ", + "
  • how you or your union might be able to change the date of the hearing
    • ", + "
  • what happens at the hearing
    • ", + "

    Get a decision without a hearing

    ", + "

    You can also get a decision from the Certification Officer on your case without having to attend a hearing, for example if both you and the union agree that either the union\u2019s own rules or the law has been broken.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to provide the Certification Officer with all the details about the case so they can decide what should happen next.

    ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    You won\u2019t get a decision about your complaint at the hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told at the end of the hearing when you might get your decision.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision in writing, with the reasons for it, from the Certification Officer.

    ", + "

    Appeal against a decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal to an employment appeal tribunal if you think the Certification Officer made a decision that was legally wrong.

    " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Joining a trade union", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/join-trade-union", + "contents": [ + "

    Joining a trade union

    ", + "

    A trade union is an organisation with members who are usually workers or employees. It looks after their interests at work by doing things like:

    ", + "
  • negotiating agreements with employers on pay and conditions
    • ", + "
  • discussing big changes like large scale redundancy
    • ", + "
  • discussing members\u2019 concerns with employers
    • ", + "
  • going with members to disciplinary and grievance meetings
    • ", + "

    Find a union to join

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a union at work, you can ask the trade union representative (\u2018rep\u2019) about joining. Their contact details may be in your company handbook, intranet site or on the union noticeboard.

    ", + "

    The union rep will tell you if you\u2019re eligible to join and give you a membership form to fill in.

    ", + "

    Trade union contact details

    ", + "

    You can search a list of unions and their contact details put together by the Certification Officer, the independent organisation responsible for the legal regulation of unions.

    ", + "

    You can also use the TUC\u2019s interactive tool to help you find a trade union in your workplace, or one which covers your type of job.

    ", + "

    Trade union membership subscriptions

    ", + "

    Your union will charge a union membership fee (\u2018membership sub\u2019) to finance the work of the union. This can be the same amount for all employees or based on how much you\u2019re paid.

    ", + "

    Paying your membership subs

    ", + "

    You can pay your subs by:

    ", + "
  • having the amount taken by your employer from your pay and sent to the union (otherwise known as \u2018check-off\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • direct debit
    • ", + "
  • cash
    • ", + "
  • cheque
    • ", + "

    Paying by check-off

    ", + "

    Your employer does not have to take union membership subs from your pay and send it to the union. They can stop sending your membership subs unless your employment contract says they have to.

    ", + "

    Your employer cannot take union membership subs from your pay without your written permission. Many trade unions will get your agreement to pay by check-off when you join, and forward it to your employer.

    ", + "

    You can also ask your employer in writing to stop taking money from your pay for check-off whenever you want. They must then stop taking subs from your pay as soon as it\u2019s possible.

    ", + "

    Your employer is responsible for making sure that any check-off payments they make are legal.

    ", + "

    What to do if you have a problem

    ", + "

    If you have a problem with your check-off payments, try to discuss the issue with your employer and your trade union first.

    ", + "

    If your trade union subscriptions are taken from your pay without your consent, you could make a complaint to an employment tribunal against your employer.

    ", + "

    If your complaint is successful the employment tribunal can order your employer to pay you the value of the unauthorised payments.

    ", + "

    Trade union membership: your employment rights

    ", + "

    You have the right to:

    ", + "
  • choose to join or not join a union
    • ", + "
  • decide to leave or remain a member of a union
    • ", + "
  • belong to the union you choose, even if it\u2019s not the one your employer negotiates with on pay, terms and conditions
    • ", + "
  • belong to more than one union
    • ", + "

    Your employer is not allowed to:

    ", + "
  • offer you a benefit to leave a trade union
    • ", + "
  • threaten to treat you unfairly if you do not leave a union
    • ", + "

    Refusing to employ you for trade union membership reasons

    ", + "

    An employer or employment agency is not allowed to insist that you:

    ", + "
  • join or leave a trade union
    • ", + "
  • leave one union for another
    • ", + "

    Dismissal for trade union membership reasons

    ", + "

    Your employer is not allowed to dismiss you or choose you for redundancy because you:

    ", + "
  • are or want to be a union member
    • ", + "
  • are not or do not want to be a union member
    • ", + "
  • took part or wanted to take part in union activities
    • ", + "

    Other unfavourable treatment

    ", + "

    Your employer must not treat you unfavourably (for example refusing you promotion or training opportunities) if you:

    ", + "
  • join a union
    • ", + "
  • take part in its meetings
    • ", + "
  • leave a union
    • ", + "

    What to do if you have a problem

    ", + "

    You may be able to use a grievance procedure or go to an employment tribunal if you think your employer has treated you unfairly because of your trade union membership.

    ", + "

    Contact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) if you have any questions about trade union membership.

    ", + "

    Role of your trade union rep

    ", + "

    A trade union representative (\u2018rep\u2019) is a union member who represents and gives advice to colleagues when they have problems at work.

    ", + "

    Trade union reps are not paid but they do get paid time off to do their work as a rep.

    ", + "

    What do union reps do?

    ", + "

    Reps are there to:

    ", + "
  • discuss any concerns you have about your employer
    • ", + "
  • go with (\u2018accompany\u2019) you to disciplinary or grievance hearings with management
    • ", + "
  • represent you in negotiations (\u2018collective bargaining\u2019) over your pay and terms and conditions of employment
    • ", + "
  • meet with your employer to find solutions to workplace issues
    • ", + "
  • develop the best possible health and safety procedures with your employer
    • ", + "

    Employers must consult with union reps if:

    ", + "
  • there is going to be a business transfer or takeover
    • ", + "
  • they are planning to make 20 or more people redundant within 90 days
    • ", + "

    Your right to be accompanied

    ", + "

    You have the right to be accompanied by your union rep to some meetings with management - for example, if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re facing a disciplinary charge
    • ", + "
  • you wish to raise a grievance with your employer
    • ", + "

    If your union rep cannot attend, you may be able to rearrange the meeting or ask a work colleague to go with you.

    ", + "

    Becoming a union rep

    ", + "

    If you want to become a union rep, ask another rep in the workplace or contact your union through its website. Depending on union rules, you may be appointed or elected.

    ", + "

    If you become a union rep, find out what rights you have.

    ", + "

    Union negotiations with your employer

    ", + "

    When an employer and a union agree to negotiate on pay, terms and conditions, this agreement is called \u2018recognition\u2019 of the union. The negotiations are called \u2018collective bargaining\u2019.

    ", + "

    How collective bargaining works

    ", + "

    Your employer and trade union must agree on how collective bargaining will be done including:

    ", + "
  • which union, rep or official will represent a group of workers or employees (this group is called a \u2018bargaining unit\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • who is included in the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • how often meetings will take place
    • ", + "
  • what issues they\u2019ll discuss
    • ", + "
  • how disagreements will be handled
    • ", + "
  • how collective bargaining will work if more than one union is recognised
    • ", + "

    Collective agreements

    ", + "

    Agreements reached through collective bargaining are called collective agreements and they often mean a change in your employment terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    Collective agreements can cover all staff - not just union members.

    ", + "

    Your employment contract may say which collective agreements cover you if:

    ", + "
  • your employer recognises more than one trade union
    • ", + "
  • 1 union is recognised to negotiate for more than 1 bargaining unit
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Request an information and consultation agreement with your employer", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/request-information-consultation-agreement", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You, together with other employees, can ask your employer to keep you informed and consult with you on issues related to your company or organisation.

    ", + "

    This may include:

    ", + "
  • the company or organisation\u2019s performance, for example financially and competitively
    • ", + "
  • any changes to your working conditions and employment prospects
    • ", + "

    This is called an information and consultation agreement.

    ", + "

    Your employer can start negotiating an agreement without a request from its employees.

    ", + "

    How to make a request

    ", + "
  • Check that you\u2019re eligible.
    • ", + "
  • Write to your employer or the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) with your request.
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To make a request, you need to be an employee of a company or organisation which has both:

    ", + "
  • at least 50 employees
    • ", + "
  • its registered office, head office or main operation in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you work for a company or organisation based in Northern Ireland, unless both of these apply:

    ", + "
  • its head office or registered office is in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • the majority of its employees work in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "

    Number of employees needed to take part

    ", + "

    Employees can either individually request an arrangement or make a single request as a group.

    ", + "

    For the request to be valid the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • at least 2% of all the employees in the company or organisation make a request
    • ", + "
  • at least 15 employees must make the request
    • ", + "
  • individual requests must be received within a 6 month period to be counted together
    • ", + "

    Find out the number of employees

    ", + "

    You can write to your employer to ask how many people they employ.

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if:

    ", + "
  • your employer refuses to provide the number of employees
    • ", + "
  • you think the number they\u2019ve given you is wrong
    • ", + "

    Download and fill in the complaint form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Make a request

    ", + "

    You can either write to:

    ", + "
  • your employer to request an arrangement
    • ", + "
  • the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) - you can do this if you don\u2019t want your employer to know you\u2019re making a request
    • ", + "

    Request direct to your employer

    ", + "

    Include the following:

    ", + "
  • the date you\u2019re making the request
    • ", + "
  • your name and the names of any other employees included in your request
    • ", + "

    Request through CAC

    ", + "

    Email enquiries@cac.gov.uk with the following:

    ", + "
  • the date you\u2019re making the request
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your employer\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • the name of the manager who represents the employer
    • ", + "

    CAC will tell you and the employer how many requests have been made, without revealing the names of the employees.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Your employer can start negotiating with you straight away if they choose to, regardless of how many employees have applied.

    ", + "

    If more than 40% of employees have requested an agreement, your employer must start negotiating with you.

    ", + "

    If less than 40% of employees have requested an agreement, your employer can:

    ", + "
  • say that there\u2019s already a pre-existing agreement
    • ", + "
  • hold an employee ballot to see if they should start negotiations
    • ", + "

    An employer can dispute the validity of any request.

    ", + "

    Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) can be asked to decide if \nrequests are valid and if pre-existing agreements already exist.

    ", + "

    Pre-existing agreements

    ", + "

    Your employer may say there\u2019s already an agreement about keeping you informed and consulting you.

    ", + "

    A pre-existing agreement is a written explanation of how the employer informs and consults employees or representatives. It must:

    ", + "
  • cover all employees
    • ", + "
  • have been agreed by those employees
    • ", + "

    You can complain to CAC if you do not agree there\u2019s a pre-existing agreement.

    ", + "

    If a ballot is held

    ", + "

    Your employer may hold a ballot (a vote) to decide if they should start negotiating.

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • tell you no more than 1 month after they get your request that they\u2019re going to hold a ballot
    • ", + "
  • hold the ballot no sooner than 21 days after they tell you about it
    • ", + "

    Your employer might decide to hold a combined ballot of all employees if there is already an agreement (or more than one agreement) covering other parts of the business in addition to your own.

    ", + "

    All employees must be allowed to vote in the ballot and the voting must be done in private.

    ", + "

    Results of the ballot

    ", + "

    Your employer must start negotiations with you if both these apply:

    ", + "
  • at least 40% of employees took part in the ballot
    • ", + "
  • more than 50% of those voting supported the request for an information and consultation agreement
    • ", + "

    You cannot request a new agreement for 3 years if the results of the employee ballot do not meet both these requirements.

    ", + "

    Complain about a ballot

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the relevant complaint form and send it to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if:

    ", + "
  • the employer has not told you that they\u2019re holding a ballot within 1 month of getting your request - use form 8(7)
    • ", + "
  • you think the employer is taking too long to hold a ballot after they\u2019ve said they would and 21 days have passed - use form 8(8)
    • ", + "
  • you believe the ballot was not fair - make the complaint within 21 days of the ballot using form 10(2)
    • ", + "

    Negotiate an agreement

    ", + "

    You need to negotiate with your employer when they agree - or the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) instruct them - to set up an agreement.

    ", + "

    The terms will need to be agreed and written down by your employer and the employee representatives.

    ", + "

    If the negotiations are started by the employer without receiving a request, they must inform all employees in writing about what\u2019s happening. You can complain to CAC if they do not.

    ", + "

    Selection of employee representatives

    ", + "

    Your employer must make sure that every employee is represented by at least one representative. They can choose whether this is done by appointing or electing the representatives but all employees have a right to be involved in this process.

    ", + "

    Complain to CAC within 21 days of the selection of the representatives if you think your employer has not done this properly.

    ", + "

    CAC may tell the employer to rerun the process for appointing or electing representatives.

    ", + "

    If negotiations fail

    ", + "

    If your employer does not enter negotiations or an agreement cannot be reached then they must give you the following information and consult with you on:

    ", + "
  • what the company or organisation is doing, its economic situation and its future prospects
    • ", + "
  • any changes to employee numbers and organisation, employment prospects, and particularly any threats to jobs within the company or organisation
    • ", + "
  • decisions that might lead to changes in work organisation or in employment contracts including TUPE transfers and collective redundancies
    • ", + "

    Complaints when an agreement is in place

    ", + "

    Complain to CAC by filling in the relevant form if you believe:

    ", + "
  • your employer has not complied with the terms of an agreement
    • ", + "
  • your employer has made an unreasonable request that you keep information confidential
    • ", + "
  • that disclosing particular information would harm your business
    • " + ] + }, + { + "title": "Taking part in industrial action and strikes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-action-strikes", + "contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Industrial action is when workers:

    ", + "
  • go on strike
    • ", + "
  • take other action, like refusing to do overtime (known as \u2018action short of a strike\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Sometimes an employer may stop their workers from working or coming back to work during a dispute. This is called a \u2018lock-out\u2019.

    ", + "

    Calling industrial action

    ", + "

    Industrial action happens when trade union members are in a dispute with their employers that can\u2019t be solved through negotiations.

    ", + "

    A trade union can only call for industrial action if a majority of its members involved support it in a properly organised postal vote - called a \u2018ballot\u2019.

    ", + "

    Before organising a ballot, a union must decide which members affected by a dispute it wants to ask to take industrial action. It must tell all members entitled to vote and the employer what the ballot results were.

    ", + "

    A trade union calls industrial action by telling members and the employer when and how this action will be taken. This should be done by a trade union official or committee that has the legal right to do so. Your voting paper must have said who this is.

    ", + "

    Taking part in industrial action - your rights

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a trade union member, you have the right to vote before your union asks you to take industrial action. You don\u2019t have to take part in industrial action and can\u2019t be disciplined by your union if you don\u2019t.

    ", + "

    If you do get excluded or expelled from your union, you can complain to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    Secondary action

    ", + "

    It\u2019s against the law to take part in \u2018secondary action\u2019 (going on strike in sympathy with people who work for a different employer).

    ", + "

    Holding a ballot

    ", + "

    Your union must have a vote (a \u2018ballot\u2019) that\u2019s properly organised according to legal rules.

    ", + "

    Properly organised ballots

    ", + "

    A ballot for industrial action must:

    ", + "
  • be supervised by a qualified independent person (a \u2018scrutineer\u2019 - often someone from an organisation like the Electoral Reform Society) appointed by the union if over 50 members are being balloted
    • ", + "
  • be held before the union asks members to take or continue taking action
    • ", + "
  • be open to all members the union wants to take action
    • ", + "
  • be a postal ballot where members vote by marking a box on a voting paper and return it in a prepaid envelope
    • ", + "
  • include information on what the ballot is about and where to post your vote
    • ", + "

    The union must tell everyone entitled to vote how many people voted, the number of yes votes, no votes or spoiled papers as soon as it can after the ballot.

    ", + "

    It must also give the employer one week\u2019s notice of the start of the ballot and tell them the result as soon as\u00a0possible once it\u2019s available.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s practical guidance on these rules in the code of practice on industrial action ballots.

    ", + "

    Questions on the voting paper

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re balloted, your voting paper must ask whether you want to take part in either (or both):

    ", + "
  • strike action
    • ", + "
  • action short of a strike
    • ", + "

    The union can only call on members to take action if a majority of members who voted were in favour of that particular action. If both questions are asked on the ballot paper and members vote yes to both, the union can decide what industrial action to take.

    ", + "

    Complaining about ballots

    ", + "

    You can apply for a court order if your union breaks the rules on industrial action ballots. You can take legal advice before doing this.

    ", + "

    The court may order the union not to organise action if it decides a ballot wasn\u2019t held according to the rules.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a temporary injunction that tells the union not to call industrial action if your case can\u2019t be heard in court straight away.

    ", + "

    If the union doesn\u2019t do what the court says, you can ask them to \u2018declare the union to be in contempt of court\u2019 and the union can be fined.

    ", + "

    Your employment rights during industrial action

    ", + "

    You have the right to take industrial action and you can\u2019t be legally forced to stay at, or go back to, work (unless a ballot wasn\u2019t organised properly).

    ", + "

    If you take industrial action, you\u2019ll probably have broken (be \u2018in breach of\u2019) your employment contract and your employer:

    ", + "
  • is unlikely to pay for the work you didn\u2019t do when you took industrial action
    • ", + "
  • can sue you for breaking your contract (this doesn\u2019t happen often)
    • ", + "

    Taking industrial action doesn\u2019t usually mean that your employer will say you\u2019ve broken your period of continuous employment with them. This begins when you start working for your employer and ends on the day your employer uses to calculate your length of service.

    ", + "

    However, if you take industrial action, your employer will reduce your length of service with them by the number of days you were on strike. This is important when working out your pension and things like statutory redundancy pay.

    ", + "

    Dismissal for industrial action

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t be dismissed for industrial action if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s called as a result of a properly organised ballot
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s about a trade dispute between workers and their employer (eg about your terms and conditions)
    • ", + "
  • a detailed notice about the industrial action (which is legally required) has been given to the employer at least 7 days before it begins
    • ", + "

    You can claim unfair dismissal at an employment tribunal if you\u2019re dismissed for taking industrial action at any time within the 12 weeks after the action began.

    ", + "

    After 12 weeks, you can be dismissed if you take industrial action and your employer has tried to settle the dispute. For example, your employer may bring in advisers from Acas to help find a solution.

    ", + "

    When you may be dismissed

    ", + "

    You could be dismissed for taking part in industrial action if:

    ", + "
  • the union hasn\u2019t held a properly organised ballot
    • ", + "
  • the union hasn\u2019t given the employer the correct notice for balloting members or taking action
    • ", + "
  • the union hasn\u2019t called its members to take action because they think the dispute is settled or action is called by someone who doesn\u2019t have the authority to do so
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s in support of workers taking action against another employer (otherwise known as \u2018sympathy\u2019 or \u2018secondary\u2019 action)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s in support of only employing union members (otherwise known as a \u2018closed shop\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • it breaks any other parts of industrial action law
    • ", + "

    If you take part in industrial action that breaks the regulations and you\u2019re dismissed, you can\u2019t usually claim unfair dismissal if all employees taking part are dismissed as well.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detail on legal rights and protections in the guidance on industrial action and the law.

    ", + "

    Industrial action by non-union members

    ", + "

    Non-union members who take part in legal, official industrial action have the same rights as union members not to be dismissed as a result of taking action.

    ", + "

    Going on strike and picketing

    ", + "

    A picket line is where workers and union reps (\u2018picketers\u2019 or \u2018pickets\u2019) stand outside a workplace to tell other people why they are striking. Pickets may also ask people not to:

    ", + "
  • do some of their usual work
    • ", + "
  • go into work
    • ", + "

    Pickets must not prevent people from going to work or doing their usual work if they want to do so.

    ", + "

    The picketing code of practice explains the rules around lawful picketing.

    ", + "

    Picketing and the law

    ", + "

    It\u2019s a criminal offence for pickets to:

    ", + "
  • use threatening or abusive behaviour to people walking past or crossing the picket line
    • ", + "
  • block people or vehicles trying to get into the workplace which is on strike (called \u2018causing an obstruction\u2019 by police)
    • ", + "
  • carry weapons
    • ", + "
  • damage property
    • ", + "
  • cause or threaten to cause a \u2018breach of the peace\u2019
    • ", + "
  • try to block roads near the picket line (called \u2018causing an obstruction to the public highway\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • try to stop the police who are outside the workplace from doing their job
    • ", + "

    You can have legal action taken against you if you break the law or encourage others to do so when you\u2019re picketing. This includes:

    ", + "
  • trespassing (trying to enter a building without permission)
    • ", + "
  • making a noise nuisance
    • ", + "
  • using threatening language or offensive material, libel or slander in leaflets, banners, placards, chants or speeches
    • ", + "

    If you break a court order banning you or your trade union from holding a picket, you could be open to further legal action (otherwise known as \u2018contempt of court\u2019).

    ", + "

    Mass picketing

    ", + "

    Police have special powers to stop a mass picket if they think there\u2019s a danger of:

    ", + "
  • serious public disorder (like a riot)
    • ", + "
  • serious damage to property
    • ", + "

    The Code of Practice on picketing says usually there should be no more than 6 people outside an entrance to a workplace.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t stop picketing when told do so by police, you can be arrested.

    ", + "

    Flying pickets

    ", + "

    Flying pickets are groups of striking workers that move from one workplace to another to picket them. Usually flying pickets are illegal - you can only join a picket line at your workplace.

    ", + "

    Trade union reps can be on picket lines at different workplaces if they\u2019re responsible for organising workers in those workplaces.

    " + ] + } +] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/examples/conditionalqa_documents_processed.json b/examples/conditionalqa_documents_processed.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8bd5065 --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/conditionalqa_documents_processed.json @@ -0,0 +1,73765 @@ +{ + "https://www.gov.uk/child-tax-credit": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-tax-credit", + "title": "Child Tax Credit", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit if you already get Working Tax Credit.\n\nIf you cannot apply for Child Tax Credit, you can apply for Universal Credit instead.\n\nYou might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nThe amount you can get depends on how many children you\u2019ve got and whether you\u2019re:\n\n- making a new claim for Child Tax Credit\n\n- already claiming Child Tax Credit\n\nChild Tax Credit will not affect your Child Benefit.\n\nYou can only claim Child Tax Credit for children you\u2019re responsible for.\n\n## If you're making a new claim\n\nYou can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit if you already get Working Tax Credit.\n\nYou can only claim Child Tax Credit for children you\u2019re responsible for.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nThe amount you could get depends on when your children were born.\n\n## If all your children were born before 6 April 2017\n\nYou could get the \u2018child element\u2019 of Child Tax Credit for all of your children.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get the basic amount, known as the \u2018family element\u2019.\n\n## If one or more of your children were born on or after 6 April 2017\n\nYou could get the child element of Child Tax Credit for up to 2 children. You might get the child element for more children if exceptions apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll only get the family element if at least one of your children was born before 6 April 2017.\n\n## Child Tax Credit rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year\n\n| Element | Yearly amount |\n\n| The basic amount (this is known as \u2018the family element\u2019) | Up to \u00a3545 |\n\n| For each child (this is known as \u2018the child element\u2019) | Up to \u00a32,845 |\n\n| For each disabled child | Up to \u00a33,435 (on top of the child element) |\n\n| For each severely disabled child | Up to \u00a31,390 (on top of the child element and the disabled child element) |\n\nUse the tax credit calculator to work out how much you could get.\n\n## Moving to the UK from the EEA\n\nYou must wait 3 months before claiming Child Tax Credit if you arrived in the UK from the EEA on or after 1 July 2014 and do not work.\n\nThere are some exceptions who will not have to wait 3 months, for example refugees.\n\n## You're already claiming Child Tax Credit\n\nHow much Child Tax Credit you get depends on your circumstances.\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs if your circumstances change.\n\n## If your claim started before 6 April 2017\n\nYou get:\n\n- the basic amount of Child Tax Credit (known as the \u2018family element\u2019)\n\n- the \u2018child element\u2019 for children born before 6 April 2017\n\nIf you have another child on or after 6 April 2017, you\u2019ll usually only get the child element for them if they\u2019re the second child you\u2019re claiming for.\n\nYou might get the child element for more children if exceptions apply.\n\n## If your claim started on or after 6 April 2017\n\nYou get the child element for up to 2 children. You might get the child element for more children if exceptions apply.\n\nYou only get the family element if at least one of your children was born before 6 April 2017.\n\n## If all your children were born before 6 April 2017\n\nYou get the child element for all your children. You also get the basic amount (known as the family element).\n\n## Child Tax Credit rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year\n\n| Element | Yearly amount |\n\n| The basic amount (this is known as \u2018the family element\u2019) | Up to \u00a3545 |\n\n| For each child (this is known as \u2018the child element\u2019) | Up to \u00a32,845 |\n\n| For each disabled child | Up to \u00a33,435 (on top of the child element) |\n\n| For each severely disabled child | Up to \u00a31,390 (on top of the child element and the disabled child element) |\n\nUse the tax credit calculator to work out how much you could get.\n\n## How you're paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account (a bank account, for example) of the person mainly responsible for the child.\n\nYou\u2019re paid every week or every 4 weeks from the date of your claim up to the end of the tax year (5 April), unless your circumstances change.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can no longer make a new claim for Child Tax Credit. You can apply for Universal Credit instead.\n\nYou might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.\n\nYou can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit if you already get Working Tax Credit.\n\nTo claim Child Tax Credit, update your existing tax credit claim by reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.\n\n## Responsibility for a child\n\nYou can only claim Child Tax Credit for children you\u2019re responsible for.\n\nYou\u2019re usually responsible for a child if:\n\n- they live with you all the time\n\n- they normally live with you and you\u2019re the main carer\n\n- they keep their toys and clothes at your home\n\n- you pay for their meals and give them pocket money\n\n- they live in an EEA country or Switzerland but are financially dependent on you\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure you\u2019re responsible for the child.\n\nIf you share responsibility for a child and you cannot agree who should claim you can both apply. HMRC will decide for you.\n\n## If you adopted or fostered a child\n\nYou can claim for an adopted or fostered child if you\u2019re not getting money from your local council (Health and Social Services Board in Northern Ireland). If you do get money, call HMRC to find out if you can claim.\n\n## If you\u2019re responsible for a disabled child\n\nYou may get extra Child Tax Credits if your child either:\n\n- gets Disability Living Allowance, Personal Independence Payment or Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\n- is certified blind (or was within 28 weeks of your tax credits claim)\n\nYou still qualify if Disability Living Allowance, Personal Independence Payment or Armed Forces Independence Payment stops because the child goes into hospital.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit if you already get Working Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply for Child Tax Credit, you can apply for Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    The amount you can get depends on how many children you\u2019ve got and whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • making a new claim for Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • already claiming Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "

    Child Tax Credit will not affect your Child Benefit.

    ", + "

    You can only claim Child Tax Credit for children you\u2019re responsible for.

    ", + "

    If you're making a new claim

    ", + "

    You can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit if you already get Working Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    You can only claim Child Tax Credit for children you\u2019re responsible for.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    The amount you could get depends on when your children were born.

    ", + "

    If all your children were born before 6 April 2017

    ", + "

    You could get the \u2018child element\u2019 of Child Tax Credit for all of your children.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get the basic amount, known as the \u2018family element\u2019.

    ", + "

    If one or more of your children were born on or after 6 April 2017

    ", + "

    You could get the child element of Child Tax Credit for up to 2 children. You might get the child element for more children if exceptions apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only get the family element if at least one of your children was born before 6 April 2017.

    ", + "

    Child Tax Credit rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year

    ", + "Element | Yearly amount", + "The basic amount (this is known as \u2018the family element\u2019) | Up to \u00a3545", + "For each child (this is known as \u2018the child element\u2019) | Up to \u00a32,845", + "For each disabled child | Up to \u00a33,435 (on top of the child element)", + "For each severely disabled child | Up to \u00a31,390 (on top of the child element and the disabled child element)", + "

    Use the tax credit calculator to work out how much you could get.

    ", + "

    Moving to the UK from the EEA

    ", + "

    You must wait 3 months before claiming Child Tax Credit if you arrived in the UK from the EEA on or after 1 July 2014 and do not work.

    ", + "

    There are some exceptions who will not have to wait 3 months, for example refugees.

    ", + "

    You're already claiming Child Tax Credit

    ", + "

    How much Child Tax Credit you get depends on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs if your circumstances change.

    ", + "

    If your claim started before 6 April 2017

    ", + "

    You get:

    ", + "
  • the basic amount of Child Tax Credit (known as the \u2018family element\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018child element\u2019 for children born before 6 April 2017
    • ", + "

    If you have another child on or after 6 April 2017, you\u2019ll usually only get the child element for them if they\u2019re the second child you\u2019re claiming for.

    ", + "

    You might get the child element for more children if exceptions apply.

    ", + "

    If your claim started on or after 6 April 2017

    ", + "

    You get the child element for up to 2 children. You might get the child element for more children if exceptions apply.

    ", + "

    You only get the family element if at least one of your children was born before 6 April 2017.

    ", + "

    If all your children were born before 6 April 2017

    ", + "

    You get the child element for all your children. You also get the basic amount (known as the family element).

    ", + "

    Child Tax Credit rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year

    ", + "Element | Yearly amount", + "The basic amount (this is known as \u2018the family element\u2019) | Up to \u00a3545", + "For each child (this is known as \u2018the child element\u2019) | Up to \u00a32,845", + "For each disabled child | Up to \u00a33,435 (on top of the child element)", + "For each severely disabled child | Up to \u00a31,390 (on top of the child element and the disabled child element)", + "

    Use the tax credit calculator to work out how much you could get.

    ", + "

    How you're paid

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account (a bank account, for example) of the person mainly responsible for the child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re paid every week or every 4 weeks from the date of your claim up to the end of the tax year (5 April), unless your circumstances change.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can no longer make a new claim for Child Tax Credit. You can apply for Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.

    ", + "

    You can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit if you already get Working Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    To claim Child Tax Credit, update your existing tax credit claim by reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.

    ", + "

    Responsibility for a child

    ", + "

    You can only claim Child Tax Credit for children you\u2019re responsible for.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re usually responsible for a child if:

    ", + "
  • they live with you all the time
    • ", + "
  • they normally live with you and you\u2019re the main carer
    • ", + "
  • they keep their toys and clothes at your home
    • ", + "
  • you pay for their meals and give them pocket money
    • ", + "
  • they live in an EEA country or Switzerland but are financially dependent on you
    • ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure you\u2019re responsible for the child.

    ", + "

    If you share responsibility for a child and you cannot agree who should claim you can both apply. HMRC will decide for you.

    ", + "

    If you adopted or fostered a child

    ", + "

    You can claim for an adopted or fostered child if you\u2019re not getting money from your local council (Health and Social Services Board in Northern Ireland). If you do get money, call HMRC to find out if you can claim.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re responsible for a disabled child

    ", + "

    You may get extra Child Tax Credits if your child either:

    ", + "
  • gets Disability Living Allowance, Personal Independence Payment or Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • is certified blind (or was within 28 weeks of your tax credits claim)
    • ", + "

    You still qualify if Disability Living Allowance, Personal Independence Payment or Armed Forces Independence Payment stops because the child goes into hospital.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/working-tax-credit": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-tax-credit", + "title": "Working Tax Credit", + "content": "## Eligibility\n\nYou can only make a claim for Working Tax Credit if you already get Child Tax Credit.\n\nIf you cannot apply for Working Tax Credit, you can apply for Universal Credit instead.\n\nYou might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.\n\n## Hours you work\n\nYou must work a certain number of hours a week to qualify.\n\n| Circumstance | Hours a week |\n\n| Aged 25 to 59 | At least 30 hours |\n\n| Aged 60 or over | At least 16 hours |\n\n| Disabled | At least 16 hours |\n\n| Single with 1 or more children | At least 16 hours |\n\n| Couple with 1 or more children | Usually, at least 24 hours between you (with 1 of you working at least 16 hours) |\n\nA child is someone who is under 16 (or under 20 if they\u2019re in approved education or training).\n\nUse the tax credits calculator to check if you work the right number of hours.\n\nYou can still apply for Working Tax Credit if you\u2019re on leave.\n\n## Exceptions for couples with at least one child\n\nYou can claim if you work less than 24 hours a week between you and one of the following applies:\n\n- you work at least 16 hours a week and you\u2019re disabled or aged 60 or above\n\n- you work at least 16 hours a week and your partner is incapacitated (getting certain benefits because of disability or ill health), is entitled to Carer\u2019s Allowance, or is in hospital or prison\n\n## What counts as work\n\nYour work can be:\n\n- for someone else, as a worker or employee\n\n- as someone who\u2019s self-employed\n\n- a mixture of the two\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nSome self-employed people are not eligible for Working Tax Credit. To qualify, your self-employed work must aim to make a profit. It must also be commercial, regular and organised.\n\nThis means you may not qualify if you do not:\n\n- make a profit or have clear plans to make one\n\n- work regularly\n\n- keep business records, such as receipts and invoices\n\n- follow any regulations that apply to your work, for example having the right licence or insurance\n\nIf the average hourly profit from your self-employed work is less than the National Minimum Wage, HM Revenue and Customs may ask you to provide:\n\n- business records\n\n- your business plan - find out how to write a business plan\n\n- details of the day-to-day running of your business\n\n- evidence that you\u2019ve promoted your business - such as advertisements or flyers\n\n## Your pay\n\nThe work must last at least 4 weeks (or you must expect it to last 4 weeks) and must be paid.\n\nThis can include payment in kind (for example farm produce for a farm labourer) or where you expect to be paid for the work.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nPaid work does not include money paid:\n\n- for a \u2018Rent a Room\u2019 scheme (less than \u00a37,500 or \u00a33,750 for joint owners)\n\n- for work done while in prison\n\n- as a grant for training or studying\n\n- as a sports award\n\n## Your income\n\nThere\u2019s no set limit for income because it depends on your circumstances (and those of your partner). For example, \u00a318,000 for a couple without children or \u00a313,100 for a single person without children - but it can be higher if you have children, pay for approved childcare or one of you is disabled.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou get a basic amount and extra (known as \u2018elements\u2019) on top of this.\n\nHow much you get depends on things like your circumstances and income.\n\nThe basic amount is up to \u00a32,005 a year.\n\n| Element | Amount |\n\n| You\u2019re a couple applying together | Up to \u00a32,060 a year |\n\n| You\u2019re a single parent | Up to \u00a32,060 a year |\n\n| You work at least 30 hours a week | Up to \u00a3830 a year |\n\n| You have a disability | Up to \u00a33,240 a year |\n\n| You have a severe disability | Up to \u00a31,400 a year (usually on top of the disability payment) |\n\n| You pay for approved childcare | Up to \u00a3122.50 (1 child) or \u00a3210 (2 or more children) a week |\n\nUse the tax credits calculator to work out how much you could get.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nMoney is paid directly into your bank or building society account, every week or 4 weeks.\n\nYou must choose one account if you\u2019re a couple.\n\nUsually, you\u2019re paid from the date of your claim up to the end of the tax year (5 April).\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYour tax credits can go up or down if your family or work life change if you start a new job, you\u2019re laid off work or your partner dies.\n\nYou must report these changes to HM Revenue and Customs.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can no longer make a new claim for Working Tax Credit. You can apply for Universal Credit instead.\n\nYou might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.\n\nYou can only make a claim for Working Tax Credit if you already get Child Tax Credit.\n\nTo claim Working Tax Credit, update your existing tax credit claim by reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.\n\n## Leave and gaps in your employment\n\nYou can get Working Tax Credit for periods when you do not work. For example, when you:\n\n- go on maternity leave\n\n- get sick pay\n\n- are in between jobs\n\nYou\u2019re entitled to the tax credits for a certain period of time providing you qualify.\n\nIf you do not return to work at the end of the period contact HM Revenue and Customs.\n\n| Circumstance | Period you get tax credits for |\n\n| You lose or leave your job | For 4 weeks |\n\n| You\u2019re on maternity leave | For the first 39 weeks of your leave |\n\n| You\u2019re on adoption leave | For the first 39 weeks of your leave |\n\n| You\u2019re on paternity leave | For the period of your ordinary paternity leave |\n\n| You\u2019re on additional paternity leave | Up to the equivalent 39th week of your partner\u2019s leave |\n\n| You\u2019re off sick | For the first 28 weeks |\n\n| You\u2019re on strike | For the first 10 days |\n\n| You\u2019re laid off work | For 4 weeks after you\u2019re laid off or the lay off becomes indefinite |\n\n| You\u2019re suspended from work - for example because of a complaint | Usually the period of suspension |\n\n## Qualifying rules\n\nTo qualify, you must:\n\n- have been in paid work\n\n- have worked the right number of hours before you go on leave or the gap happens\n\n- have got Statutory Sick Pay or an equivalent benefit if you were on sick leave\n\nYou\u2019ll still qualify if you were self employed and you would have been eligible for Statutory Sick Pay or an equivalent benefit if you were not self employed.\n\nThe equivalent benefits are National Insurance credits (incapacity for work element), Employment and Support Allowance or Income Support (incapacity for work element).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can only make a claim for Working Tax Credit if you already get Child Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply for Working Tax Credit, you can apply for Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.

    ", + "

    Hours you work

    ", + "

    You must work a certain number of hours a week to qualify.

    ", + "Circumstance | Hours a week", + "Aged 25 to 59 | At least 30 hours", + "Aged 60 or over | At least 16 hours", + "Disabled | At least 16 hours", + "Single with 1 or more children | At least 16 hours", + "Couple with 1 or more children | Usually, at least 24 hours between you (with 1 of you working at least 16 hours)", + "

    A child is someone who is under 16 (or under 20 if they\u2019re in approved education or training).

    ", + "

    Use the tax credits calculator to check if you work the right number of hours.

    ", + "

    You can still apply for Working Tax Credit if you\u2019re on leave.

    ", + "

    Exceptions for couples with at least one child

    ", + "

    You can claim if you work less than 24 hours a week between you and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you work at least 16 hours a week and you\u2019re disabled or aged 60 or above
    • ", + "
  • you work at least 16 hours a week and your partner is incapacitated (getting certain benefits because of disability or ill health), is entitled to Carer\u2019s Allowance, or is in hospital or prison
    • ", + "

    What counts as work

    ", + "

    Your work can be:

    ", + "
  • for someone else, as a worker or employee
    • ", + "
  • as someone who\u2019s self-employed
    • ", + "
  • a mixture of the two
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    Some self-employed people are not eligible for Working Tax Credit. To qualify, your self-employed work must aim to make a profit. It must also be commercial, regular and organised.

    ", + "

    This means you may not qualify if you do not:

    ", + "
  • make a profit or have clear plans to make one
    • ", + "
  • work regularly
    • ", + "
  • keep business records, such as receipts and invoices
    • ", + "
  • follow any regulations that apply to your work, for example having the right licence or insurance
    • ", + "

    If the average hourly profit from your self-employed work is less than the National Minimum Wage, HM Revenue and Customs may ask you to provide:

    ", + "
  • business records
    • ", + "
  • your business plan - find out how to write a business plan
    • ", + "
  • details of the day-to-day running of your business
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019ve promoted your business - such as advertisements or flyers
    • ", + "

    Your pay

    ", + "

    The work must last at least 4 weeks (or you must expect it to last 4 weeks) and must be paid.

    ", + "

    This can include payment in kind (for example farm produce for a farm labourer) or where you expect to be paid for the work.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    Paid work does not include money paid:

    ", + "
  • for a \u2018Rent a Room\u2019 scheme (less than \u00a37,500 or \u00a33,750 for joint owners)
    • ", + "
  • for work done while in prison
    • ", + "
  • as a grant for training or studying
    • ", + "
  • as a sports award
    • ", + "

    Your income

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no set limit for income because it depends on your circumstances (and those of your partner). For example, \u00a318,000 for a couple without children or \u00a313,100 for a single person without children - but it can be higher if you have children, pay for approved childcare or one of you is disabled.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You get a basic amount and extra (known as \u2018elements\u2019) on top of this.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on things like your circumstances and income.

    ", + "

    The basic amount is up to \u00a32,005 a year.

    ", + "Element | Amount", + "You\u2019re a couple applying together | Up to \u00a32,060 a year", + "You\u2019re a single parent | Up to \u00a32,060 a year", + "You work at least 30 hours a week | Up to \u00a3830 a year", + "You have a disability | Up to \u00a33,240 a year", + "You have a severe disability | Up to \u00a31,400 a year (usually on top of the disability payment)", + "You pay for approved childcare | Up to \u00a3122.50 (1 child) or \u00a3210 (2 or more children) a week", + "

    Use the tax credits calculator to work out how much you could get.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    Money is paid directly into your bank or building society account, every week or 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    You must choose one account if you\u2019re a couple.

    ", + "

    Usually, you\u2019re paid from the date of your claim up to the end of the tax year (5 April).

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change

    ", + "

    Your tax credits can go up or down if your family or work life change if you start a new job, you\u2019re laid off work or your partner dies.

    ", + "

    You must report these changes to HM Revenue and Customs.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can no longer make a new claim for Working Tax Credit. You can apply for Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.

    ", + "

    You can only make a claim for Working Tax Credit if you already get Child Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    To claim Working Tax Credit, update your existing tax credit claim by reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.

    ", + "

    Leave and gaps in your employment

    ", + "

    You can get Working Tax Credit for periods when you do not work. For example, when you:

    ", + "
  • go on maternity leave
    • ", + "
  • get sick pay
    • ", + "
  • are in between jobs
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to the tax credits for a certain period of time providing you qualify.

    ", + "

    If you do not return to work at the end of the period contact HM Revenue and Customs.

    ", + "Circumstance | Period you get tax credits for", + "You lose or leave your job | For 4 weeks", + "You\u2019re on maternity leave | For the first 39 weeks of your leave", + "You\u2019re on adoption leave | For the first 39 weeks of your leave", + "You\u2019re on paternity leave | For the period of your ordinary paternity leave", + "You\u2019re on additional paternity leave | Up to the equivalent 39th week of your partner\u2019s leave", + "You\u2019re off sick | For the first 28 weeks", + "You\u2019re on strike | For the first 10 days", + "You\u2019re laid off work | For 4 weeks after you\u2019re laid off or the lay off becomes indefinite", + "You\u2019re suspended from work - for example because of a complaint | Usually the period of suspension", + "

    Qualifying rules

    ", + "

    To qualify, you must:

    ", + "
  • have been in paid work
    • ", + "
  • have worked the right number of hours before you go on leave or the gap happens
    • ", + "
  • have got Statutory Sick Pay or an equivalent benefit if you were on sick leave
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still qualify if you were self employed and you would have been eligible for Statutory Sick Pay or an equivalent benefit if you were not self employed.

    ", + "

    The equivalent benefits are National Insurance credits (incapacity for work element), Employment and Support Allowance or Income Support (incapacity for work element).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/manage-child-maintenance-case": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/manage-child-maintenance-case", + "title": "Manage your Child Maintenance Service case", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service is for parents who have not been able to make a private arrangement for paying their child\u2019s living costs.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve set up a Child Maintenance Service case, you:\n\n- can manage your case online\n\n- need to report any changes to your circumstances, for example changes to your employment, benefits or the people who live with you\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Making and getting payments\n\nChild maintenance can be paid:\n\n- between parents\n\n- directly from the paying parent\u2019s earnings - arranged with their employer\n\n- by Direct Debit\n\n- by reducing the paying parent\u2019s benefits\n\nPayments are paid into the receiving parent\u2019s bank account.\n\nThe receiving parent has main day-to-day care of the child. The paying parent does not have main day-to-day care.\n\nContact the Child Maintenance Service if you\u2019re having problems paying.\n\nYou can adjust your payment plan if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you\u2019re experiencing domestic abuse or controlling behaviour\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service. They can arrange payments with your child\u2019s other parent for you.\n\nIf you\u2019ve changed your name, you can arrange child maintenance without the other parent knowing your new name.\n\nIf you do not want the other parent to know where you live, ask your bank to set up an account with a \u2018non-geographic\u2019 sort code. The Child Maintenance Service can give you a letter for your bank explaining why you need to set up this type of account.\n\n## Making payments yourself\n\nOnce the Child Maintenance Service has worked out an amount, you can make the payments yourself.\n\nThis is called Direct Pay.\n\nThe easiest way to pay is by standing order - payments go direct from the paying parent\u2019s bank, building society or Post Office account into the receiving parent\u2019s account.\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service can still enforce missed payments. Keep a record of payments in case there are any problems in the future.\n\nEither parent can choose Direct Pay without needing the other\u2019s consent, unless there\u2019s evidence that the paying parent is unlikely to pay.\n\n## Arranging payments for you\n\nIf you\u2019re using the Child Maintenance Service to collect and pass on payments, they\u2019ll arrange this based on when the paying parent is paid their wages, pension or benefits.\n\nThis is called Collect and Pay.\n\nYou must tell the Child Maintenance Service about any Direct Pay transactions you make or receive while you\u2019re signed up to the Collect and Pay service.\n\n## Collection fees\n\nYou have to pay a fee each time you make or receive a regular child maintenance payment. The fee is:\n\n- 20% (which is added to the payment) for paying parents\n\n- 4% (which is taken off the payment) for receiving parents\n\nYou cannot avoid collection fees by making payments in advance.\n\nYou will not have to pay:\n\n- any fees if you choose a private arrangement\n\n- collection fees if you use Direct Pay\n\n## When you\u2019ll pay or receive the money\n\nIf you\u2019re the paying parent you\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining how much you need to pay and when. This is called a payment plan.\n\nIf you\u2019re the receiving parent, you\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you what payments will be made and when. This is called an expected payment plan.\n\nThe first payment is usually made within 12 weeks of making payment arrangements.\n\n## If a parent does not pay\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service will take action if child maintenance is not paid.\n\n## Enforcement charges\n\n| Action taken by the Child Maintenance Service | Charge |\n\n| Liability order | \u00a3300 |\n\n| Lump sum deduction order | \u00a3200 |\n\n| Regular deduction order | \u00a350 |\n\n| Deduction from earnings request or order | \u00a350 |\n\n## What action is taken\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service will take action immediately if the paying parent pays through them.\n\nIf the paying parent used the Child Maintenance Service to calculate child maintenance but pays directly, the receiving parent needs to ask the service to take action.\n\n## Disagreements about parentage\n\nWhen someone denies they\u2019re the parent of a child, the Child Maintenance Service will:\n\n- ask them for evidence proving they\u2019re not the parent\n\n- tell the other parent what\u2019s happened and ask for evidence to prove parentage\n\nIf there\u2019s no evidence to prove they\u2019re not the parent, the Child Maintenance Service can:\n\n- ask both parents to take a DNA test\n\n- ask the courts to make a decision\n\n## Assumed parentage\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service can assume parentage if the person named as the parent:\n\n- was married to the child\u2019s mother at any time between the conception and birth of the child (unless the child was adopted)\n\n- is named on the child\u2019s birth certificate (unless the child was adopted)\n\n- has taken a DNA test that shows they\u2019re the parent\n\n- has legally adopted the child\n\n- is named in a court order as the parent when the child was born to a surrogate mother\n\nIf parentage is assumed, they\u2019ll work out a child maintenance amount. The person named as the parent has to pay this until they can prove that they\u2019re not the parent.\n\n## Paying child maintenance during a disagreement\n\nWhen a child maintenance amount has already been worked out, the person named as the parent has to pay until they can provide evidence they\u2019re not the parent.\n\nWhen the amount has not been worked out, the service managing the case will not work it out or ask for payment until the disagreement has been sorted out.\n\nIf the person is found to be the parent, the amount of child maintenance they have to pay will be back-dated.\n\n## Named person proves they\u2019re not the parent\n\nWhen this happens, the Child Maintenance Service may:\n\n- refund any payments made after the date they first denied they were the parent, or offset the amount against maintenance for another child\n\n- refund the cost of any DNA tests arranged through the service\n\nThey may also ask the other parent to pay back any child maintenance.\n\nRefunds depend on the circumstances of each case.\n\n## Changes you need to report\n\nThere are some changes you must tell the Child Maintenance Service about by law. You should report the change as soon as it happens.\n\nYou can report changes to the Child Maintenance Service online or by phone.\n\n## Either parent\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if:\n\n- a parent or a child has died\n\n- one of the parents is adopting a child\n\n- you want to close your case\n\n- you want to change from using a payment collection service to a Direct Pay service, or the other way around\n\n- there\u2019s a change to the number of nights a child regularly stays overnight with the paying parent\n\n## Paying parent\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if you:\n\n- start or stop working for an employer\n\n- start or stop being self-employed\n\n- have lost your job or you\u2019re temporarily receiving Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- want to restart your payments\n\n- have received notification of a court or tribunal date\n\n- have received notification of a deduction order from a bank\n\n- move house (give your new address within 7 days of moving)\n\n- change your phone number (including mobile number)\n\n- have an income change of 25% or more\n\nYour payments may be reduced for a period. You\u2019ll get a payment schedule with the new amount.\n\nIf you pay child maintenance through deductions in your earnings and you leave your job, you must tell the Child Maintenance Service:\n\n- the date you left your last job\n\n- the name and address of your new employer (if any)\n\n- how much you expect to earn\n\n- your new payroll number (if any)\n\nYou should also report details about children who you or your partner have registered for Child Benefit, for example:\n\n- any changes to the number of children living with you\n\n- if any child living with you reaches the age of 20\n\n## Receiving parent\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if:\n\n- there\u2019s a change to the number of children living with you that you get child maintenance for\n\n- there\u2019s a change to the number of children that you or your partner have registered for Child Benefit\n\n- a child you get child maintenance for leaves full-time education (up to and including A Level) or reaches the age of 20\n\n- you or any of the children you get child maintenance for no longer live in the UK\n\n- you find out that the paying parent is coming off benefits\n\n- you\u2019re moving house or know that the other parent is\n\n- your phone number (including mobile number) changes\n\n- the paying parent\u2019s income has changed by 25% or more\n\n## When you report a change\n\nYou might need to provide:\n\n- employers\u2019 details or payslips\n\n- benefits information\n\n- a tax return or an explanation of what you think you\u2019ll earn if you\u2019re self-employed\n\n## If you do not give the right information\n\nYou could be taken to court and fined up to \u00a31,000 if you:\n\n- do not give the information you are asked for\n\n- give information that you know is false\n\nThis applies to any person or organisation who, by law, must give the Child Maintenance Service information, for example:\n\n- employers\n\n- accountants\n\n- either parent\n\n## When changes could affect your payments\n\nChanges to your circumstances may mean a change to the amount of child maintenance you pay or receive.\n\nYou can find out how child maintenance is worked out.\n\n## Complaints and appeals\n\nContact the Child Maintenance Service if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you\u2019ve received.\n\nIf you\u2019re not satisfied with how the Child Maintenance Service deals with your complaint, ask for it to go to a senior manager and be looked at by the DWP Complaints team.\n\n## Independent Case Examiner\n\nYou can ask the Independent Case Examiner (ICE) to look into your complaint if you\u2019ve already been through the full complaints process.\n\nYou must not contact the Independent Case Examiner until you\u2019ve received a final response from the Child Maintenance Service saying you can do so.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the response from the Independent Case Examiner, you can ask your MP to get the Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman to look into it.\n\n## If your complaint is valid\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service will:\n\n- apologise and explain what went wrong\n\n- make any changes needed to put it right\n\nIf you\u2019ve been treated particularly badly, you may get a consolatory payment. However, you do not have a legal right to this.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal a child maintenance decision about payment amounts.\n\nBefore you can appeal, you must contact the Child Maintenance Service to ask for the decision to be looked at again. This is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019. You\u2019ll need to say why you disagree with the decision.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the outcome of the mandatory reconsideration, you can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal. The tribunal is impartial and independent of government.\n\n## Appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal\n\nAppeal to the tribunal within one month of getting the mandatory reconsideration decision. If you submit your appeal after a month you\u2019ll have to explain why you did not do it earlier.\n\nDownload and fill in form SSCS2 and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to choose whether you want to go to the tribunal hearing to explain your case. If you do not attend, your appeal will be decided on your appeal form and any supporting evidence.\n\nAfter you submit your appeal, you can provide evidence. Your appeal and the evidence will be discussed at a hearing by a judge and one or two experts. The judge will then make a decision.\n\nIt usually takes around 6 months for your appeal to be heard by the tribunal.\n\n## Contact\n\n## Report changes online\n\nReport changes to your circumstances through your online account.\n\n## Call the Child Maintenance Service\n\n## British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service\n\nWatch a video to check you can use the service.\n\nGo to the video relay service.\n\nMonday to Friday, 9.30am to 3.30pm\n\nThere\u2019s a different phone number if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Contact the Child Maintenance Service by post\n\nYou can also write to the Child Maintenance Service.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service is for parents who have not been able to make a private arrangement for paying their child\u2019s living costs.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve set up a Child Maintenance Service case, you:

    ", + "
  • can manage your case online
    • ", + "
  • need to report any changes to your circumstances, for example changes to your employment, benefits or the people who live with you
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Making and getting payments

    ", + "

    Child maintenance can be paid:

    ", + "
  • between parents
    • ", + "
  • directly from the paying parent\u2019s earnings - arranged with their employer
    • ", + "
  • by Direct Debit
    • ", + "
  • by reducing the paying parent\u2019s benefits
    • ", + "

    Payments are paid into the receiving parent\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    The receiving parent has main day-to-day care of the child. The paying parent does not have main day-to-day care.

    ", + "

    Contact the Child Maintenance Service if you\u2019re having problems paying.

    ", + "

    You can adjust your payment plan if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re experiencing domestic abuse or controlling behaviour

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service. They can arrange payments with your child\u2019s other parent for you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your name, you can arrange child maintenance without the other parent knowing your new name.

    ", + "

    If you do not want the other parent to know where you live, ask your bank to set up an account with a \u2018non-geographic\u2019 sort code. The Child Maintenance Service can give you a letter for your bank explaining why you need to set up this type of account.

    ", + "

    Making payments yourself

    ", + "

    Once the Child Maintenance Service has worked out an amount, you can make the payments yourself.

    ", + "

    This is called Direct Pay.

    ", + "

    The easiest way to pay is by standing order - payments go direct from the paying parent\u2019s bank, building society or Post Office account into the receiving parent\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service can still enforce missed payments. Keep a record of payments in case there are any problems in the future.

    ", + "

    Either parent can choose Direct Pay without needing the other\u2019s consent, unless there\u2019s evidence that the paying parent is unlikely to pay.

    ", + "

    Arranging payments for you

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using the Child Maintenance Service to collect and pass on payments, they\u2019ll arrange this based on when the paying parent is paid their wages, pension or benefits.

    ", + "

    This is called Collect and Pay.

    ", + "

    You must tell the Child Maintenance Service about any Direct Pay transactions you make or receive while you\u2019re signed up to the Collect and Pay service.

    ", + "

    Collection fees

    ", + "

    You have to pay a fee each time you make or receive a regular child maintenance payment. The fee is:

    ", + "
  • 20% (which is added to the payment) for paying parents
    • ", + "
  • 4% (which is taken off the payment) for receiving parents
    • ", + "

    You cannot avoid collection fees by making payments in advance.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay:

    ", + "
  • any fees if you choose a private arrangement
    • ", + "
  • collection fees if you use Direct Pay
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019ll pay or receive the money

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the paying parent you\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining how much you need to pay and when. This is called a payment plan.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the receiving parent, you\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you what payments will be made and when. This is called an expected payment plan.

    ", + "

    The first payment is usually made within 12 weeks of making payment arrangements.

    ", + "

    If a parent does not pay

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service will take action if child maintenance is not paid.

    ", + "

    Enforcement charges

    ", + "Action taken by the Child Maintenance Service | Charge", + "Liability order | \u00a3300", + "Lump sum deduction order | \u00a3200", + "Regular deduction order | \u00a350", + "Deduction from earnings request or order | \u00a350", + "

    What action is taken

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service will take action immediately if the paying parent pays through them.

    ", + "

    If the paying parent used the Child Maintenance Service to calculate child maintenance but pays directly, the receiving parent needs to ask the service to take action.

    ", + "

    Disagreements about parentage

    ", + "

    When someone denies they\u2019re the parent of a child, the Child Maintenance Service will:

    ", + "
  • ask them for evidence proving they\u2019re not the parent
    • ", + "
  • tell the other parent what\u2019s happened and ask for evidence to prove parentage
    • ", + "

    If there\u2019s no evidence to prove they\u2019re not the parent, the Child Maintenance Service can:

    ", + "
  • ask both parents to take a DNA test
    • ", + "
  • ask the courts to make a decision
    • ", + "

    Assumed parentage

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service can assume parentage if the person named as the parent:

    ", + "
  • was married to the child\u2019s mother at any time between the conception and birth of the child (unless the child was adopted)
    • ", + "
  • is named on the child\u2019s birth certificate (unless the child was adopted)
    • ", + "
  • has taken a DNA test that shows they\u2019re the parent
    • ", + "
  • has legally adopted the child
    • ", + "
  • is named in a court order as the parent when the child was born to a surrogate mother
    • ", + "

    If parentage is assumed, they\u2019ll work out a child maintenance amount. The person named as the parent has to pay this until they can prove that they\u2019re not the parent.

    ", + "

    Paying child maintenance during a disagreement

    ", + "

    When a child maintenance amount has already been worked out, the person named as the parent has to pay until they can provide evidence they\u2019re not the parent.

    ", + "

    When the amount has not been worked out, the service managing the case will not work it out or ask for payment until the disagreement has been sorted out.

    ", + "

    If the person is found to be the parent, the amount of child maintenance they have to pay will be back-dated.

    ", + "

    Named person proves they\u2019re not the parent

    ", + "

    When this happens, the Child Maintenance Service may:

    ", + "
  • refund any payments made after the date they first denied they were the parent, or offset the amount against maintenance for another child
    • ", + "
  • refund the cost of any DNA tests arranged through the service
    • ", + "

    They may also ask the other parent to pay back any child maintenance.

    ", + "

    Refunds depend on the circumstances of each case.

    ", + "

    Changes you need to report

    ", + "

    There are some changes you must tell the Child Maintenance Service about by law. You should report the change as soon as it happens.

    ", + "

    You can report changes to the Child Maintenance Service online or by phone.

    ", + "

    Either parent

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service if:

    ", + "
  • a parent or a child has died
    • ", + "
  • one of the parents is adopting a child
    • ", + "
  • you want to close your case
    • ", + "
  • you want to change from using a payment collection service to a Direct Pay service, or the other way around
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s a change to the number of nights a child regularly stays overnight with the paying parent
    • ", + "

    Paying parent

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service if you:

    ", + "
  • start or stop working for an employer
    • ", + "
  • start or stop being self-employed
    • ", + "
  • have lost your job or you\u2019re temporarily receiving Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • want to restart your payments
    • ", + "
  • have received notification of a court or tribunal date
    • ", + "
  • have received notification of a deduction order from a bank
    • ", + "
  • move house (give your new address within 7 days of moving)
    • ", + "
  • change your phone number (including mobile number)
    • ", + "
  • have an income change of 25% or more
    • ", + "

    Your payments may be reduced for a period. You\u2019ll get a payment schedule with the new amount.

    ", + "

    If you pay child maintenance through deductions in your earnings and you leave your job, you must tell the Child Maintenance Service:

    ", + "
  • the date you left your last job
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of your new employer (if any)
    • ", + "
  • how much you expect to earn
    • ", + "
  • your new payroll number (if any)
    • ", + "

    You should also report details about children who you or your partner have registered for Child Benefit, for example:

    ", + "
  • any changes to the number of children living with you
    • ", + "
  • if any child living with you reaches the age of 20
    • ", + "

    Receiving parent

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service if:

    ", + "
  • there\u2019s a change to the number of children living with you that you get child maintenance for
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s a change to the number of children that you or your partner have registered for Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • a child you get child maintenance for leaves full-time education (up to and including A Level) or reaches the age of 20
    • ", + "
  • you or any of the children you get child maintenance for no longer live in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you find out that the paying parent is coming off benefits
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re moving house or know that the other parent is
    • ", + "
  • your phone number (including mobile number) changes
    • ", + "
  • the paying parent\u2019s income has changed by 25% or more
    • ", + "

    When you report a change

    ", + "

    You might need to provide:

    ", + "
  • employers\u2019 details or payslips
    • ", + "
  • benefits information
    • ", + "
  • a tax return or an explanation of what you think you\u2019ll earn if you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "

    If you do not give the right information

    ", + "

    You could be taken to court and fined up to \u00a31,000 if you:

    ", + "
  • do not give the information you are asked for
    • ", + "
  • give information that you know is false
    • ", + "

    This applies to any person or organisation who, by law, must give the Child Maintenance Service information, for example:

    ", + "
  • employers
    • ", + "
  • accountants
    • ", + "
  • either parent
    • ", + "

    When changes could affect your payments

    ", + "

    Changes to your circumstances may mean a change to the amount of child maintenance you pay or receive.

    ", + "

    You can find out how child maintenance is worked out.

    ", + "

    Complaints and appeals

    ", + "

    Contact the Child Maintenance Service if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you\u2019ve received.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not satisfied with how the Child Maintenance Service deals with your complaint, ask for it to go to a senior manager and be looked at by the DWP Complaints team.

    ", + "

    Independent Case Examiner

    ", + "

    You can ask the Independent Case Examiner (ICE) to look into your complaint if you\u2019ve already been through the full complaints process.

    ", + "

    You must not contact the Independent Case Examiner until you\u2019ve received a final response from the Child Maintenance Service saying you can do so.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the response from the Independent Case Examiner, you can ask your MP to get the Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman to look into it.

    ", + "

    If your complaint is valid

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service will:

    ", + "
  • apologise and explain what went wrong
    • ", + "
  • make any changes needed to put it right
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been treated particularly badly, you may get a consolatory payment. However, you do not have a legal right to this.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can appeal a child maintenance decision about payment amounts.

    ", + "

    Before you can appeal, you must contact the Child Maintenance Service to ask for the decision to be looked at again. This is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019. You\u2019ll need to say why you disagree with the decision.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the outcome of the mandatory reconsideration, you can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal. The tribunal is impartial and independent of government.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal

    ", + "

    Appeal to the tribunal within one month of getting the mandatory reconsideration decision. If you submit your appeal after a month you\u2019ll have to explain why you did not do it earlier.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form SSCS2 and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to choose whether you want to go to the tribunal hearing to explain your case. If you do not attend, your appeal will be decided on your appeal form and any supporting evidence.

    ", + "

    After you submit your appeal, you can provide evidence. Your appeal and the evidence will be discussed at a hearing by a judge and one or two experts. The judge will then make a decision.

    ", + "

    It usually takes around 6 months for your appeal to be heard by the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Contact

    ", + "

    Report changes online

    ", + "

    Report changes to your circumstances through your online account.

    ", + "

    Call the Child Maintenance Service

    ", + "

    British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service

    ", + "

    Watch a video to check you can use the service.

    ", + "

    Go to the video relay service.

    ", + "

    Monday to Friday, 9.30am to 3.30pm

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different phone number if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Contact the Child Maintenance Service by post

    ", + "

    You can also write to the Child Maintenance Service.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/disability-premiums": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disability-premiums", + "title": "Disability premiums", + "content": "## Overview\n\nDisability premiums are extra amounts of money added to your:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\nAny money you get is added to your benefit payments automatically so you usually do not have to apply for a disability premium.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere are 3 types of disability premium for adults:\n\n- disability premium\n\n- enhanced disability premium\n\n- severe disability premium\n\nYou can get more than one premium at a time.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can get the disability premium on its own. You might get the severe or enhanced disability premium as well if you\u2019re eligible for them.\n\nIf you get income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) you cannot get the disability premium, but you may still qualify for the severe and enhanced premiums.\n\n## Disability premium\n\nYou\u2019ll get:\n\n- \u00a335.10 a week for a single person\n\n- \u00a350.05 a week for a couple\n\n## Severe disability premium\n\nYou\u2019ll get:\n\n- \u00a367.30 a week for a single person\n\n- \u00a3134.60 a week for a couple if you\u2019re both eligible\n\nSome couples will be eligible for the lower amount of \u00a367.30 a week instead.\n\n## Enhanced disability premium\n\nYou\u2019ll get:\n\n- \u00a317.20 a week for a single person\n\n- \u00a324.60 a week for a couple if at least one of you is eligible\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account such as your bank account.\n\nThere is a limit on the total amount of benefit that most people aged 16 to under State Pension age can get. This is called a benefit cap.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nDisability premium payments can be added to your:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- housing benefit\n\nYou usually need to be eligible for the disability premium to qualify for the severe or enhanced premiums.\n\nIf you get income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) you can only get the severe or enhanced premium.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to check your eligibility.\n\n## Disability premium\n\nYou or your partner must be under pension credit age and either registered blind or getting:\n\n- Disability Living Allowance (DLA)\n\n- Personal Independence Payment (PIP)\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP)\n\n- Working Tax Credit with a disability element\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance\n\n- War Pensioners Mobility Supplement\n\n- Severe Disablement Allowance\n\n- Incapacity Benefit\n\nIf you do not qualify, you may still get the premium if you\u2019ve been unable to work for at least a year.\n\n## Severe disability premium\n\nYou must get the disability premium or income-related ESA, and one of the following qualifying benefits:\n\n- PIP daily living component\n\n- AFIP\n\n- DLA care component at the middle or highest rate\n\n- Attendance Allowance (or Constant Attendance Allowance paid with Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit or War Pension)\n\nYou usually cannot have anyone aged 18 or over living with you, unless they\u2019re in one of these situations:\n\n- they get a qualifying benefit\n\n- they\u2019re registered blind\n\n- they\u2019re a boarder or subtenant (but not a close relative)\n\n- they make separate payments to the landlord\n\nYou cannot get the severe disability premium if someone is getting Carer\u2019s Allowance or the carers element of Universal Credit for looking after you.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a couple\n\nYou\u2019ll get the higher amount of severe disability premium if both you and your partner are eligible.\n\nYou can get the lower amount if:\n\n- someone gets Carers Allowance or the carers element of Universal Credit for looking after only one of you\n\n- only one of you meets the eligibility criteria and the other is registered blind\n\n## Enhanced disability premium\n\nTo get this, you must be under pension credit age.\n\nYou must get the disability premium or income-related ESA, and one of the following:\n\n- PIP daily living component at the higher (\u2018enhanced\u2019) rate\n\n- AFIP\n\n- DLA care component at the highest rate\n\nYou\u2019ll also get this if you\u2019re in the support group for income-related ESA.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou do not have to claim disability premium. If you\u2019re eligible, it\u2019s automatically added to your:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- housing benefit\n\nContact your local Jobcentre Plus if it has not been paid.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Disability premiums are extra amounts of money added to your:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "

    Any money you get is added to your benefit payments automatically so you usually do not have to apply for a disability premium.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of disability premium for adults:

    ", + "
  • disability premium
    • ", + "
  • enhanced disability premium
    • ", + "
  • severe disability premium
    • ", + "

    You can get more than one premium at a time.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You can get the disability premium on its own. You might get the severe or enhanced disability premium as well if you\u2019re eligible for them.

    ", + "

    If you get income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) you cannot get the disability premium, but you may still qualify for the severe and enhanced premiums.

    ", + "

    Disability premium

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • \u00a335.10 a week for a single person
    • ", + "
  • \u00a350.05 a week for a couple
    • ", + "

    Severe disability premium

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • \u00a367.30 a week for a single person
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3134.60 a week for a couple if you\u2019re both eligible
    • ", + "

    Some couples will be eligible for the lower amount of \u00a367.30 a week instead.

    ", + "

    Enhanced disability premium

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • \u00a317.20 a week for a single person
    • ", + "
  • \u00a324.60 a week for a couple if at least one of you is eligible
    • ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account such as your bank account.

    ", + "

    There is a limit on the total amount of benefit that most people aged 16 to under State Pension age can get. This is called a benefit cap.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Disability premium payments can be added to your:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • housing benefit
    • ", + "

    You usually need to be eligible for the disability premium to qualify for the severe or enhanced premiums.

    ", + "

    If you get income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) you can only get the severe or enhanced premium.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to check your eligibility.

    ", + "

    Disability premium

    ", + "

    You or your partner must be under pension credit age and either registered blind or getting:

    ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP)
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit with a disability element
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • War Pensioners Mobility Supplement
    • ", + "
  • Severe Disablement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "

    If you do not qualify, you may still get the premium if you\u2019ve been unable to work for at least a year.

    ", + "

    Severe disability premium

    ", + "

    You must get the disability premium or income-related ESA, and one of the following qualifying benefits:

    ", + "
  • PIP daily living component
    • ", + "
  • AFIP
    • ", + "
  • DLA care component at the middle or highest rate
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance (or Constant Attendance Allowance paid with Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit or War Pension)
    • ", + "

    You usually cannot have anyone aged 18 or over living with you, unless they\u2019re in one of these situations:

    ", + "
  • they get a qualifying benefit
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re registered blind
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re a boarder or subtenant (but not a close relative)
    • ", + "
  • they make separate payments to the landlord
    • ", + "

    You cannot get the severe disability premium if someone is getting Carer\u2019s Allowance or the carers element of Universal Credit for looking after you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the higher amount of severe disability premium if both you and your partner are eligible.

    ", + "

    You can get the lower amount if:

    ", + "
  • someone gets Carers Allowance or the carers element of Universal Credit for looking after only one of you
    • ", + "
  • only one of you meets the eligibility criteria and the other is registered blind
    • ", + "

    Enhanced disability premium

    ", + "

    To get this, you must be under pension credit age.

    ", + "

    You must get the disability premium or income-related ESA, and one of the following:

    ", + "
  • PIP daily living component at the higher (\u2018enhanced\u2019) rate
    • ", + "
  • AFIP
    • ", + "
  • DLA care component at the highest rate
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get this if you\u2019re in the support group for income-related ESA.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You do not have to claim disability premium. If you\u2019re eligible, it\u2019s automatically added to your:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • housing benefit
    • ", + "

    Contact your local Jobcentre Plus if it has not been paid.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/cold-weather-payment": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cold-weather-payment", + "title": "Cold Weather Payment", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may get a Cold Weather Payment if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or Support for Mortgage Interest.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou\u2019ll get a payment if the average temperature in your area is recorded as, or forecast to be, zero degrees celsius or below over 7 consecutive days.\n\nYou\u2019ll get \u00a325 for each 7 day period of very cold weather between 1 November and 31 March.\n\nThe 2020 to 2021 Cold Weather Payment scheme has now ended. You\u2019ll be able to check if your area is due a payment when next year\u2019s scheme starts on 1 November 2021.\n\nCold Weather Payments are different to Winter Fuel Payments.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou\u2019ll get \u00a325 for each 7 day period of very cold weather between 1 November and 31 March.\n\nAfter each period of very cold weather in your area, you should get a payment within 14 working days. It\u2019s paid into the same bank or building society account as your benefit payments.\n\nCold Weather Payments do not affect your other benefits.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou may get Cold Weather Payments if you\u2019re getting:\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Support for Mortgage Interest\n\n## Pension Credit\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get Pension Credit.\n\n## Income Support and income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance and have any of the following:\n\n- a disability or pensioner premium\n\n- a child who is disabled\n\n- Child Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element\n\n- a child under 5 living with you\n\n## Income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get income-related ESA and are in a work-related activity group or support group. If you\u2019re not in either group, you might also get Cold Weather Payments if you have any of the following:\n\n- a severe or enhanced disability premium\n\n- a pensioner premium\n\n- a child who is disabled\n\n- Child Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element\n\n- a child under 5 living with you\n\n## Universal Credit\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get Universal Credit and you\u2019re not employed or self-employed. One of the following must also apply:\n\n- you have a health condition or disability and have limited capability for work (with or without work-related activity)\n\n- you have a child under 5 living with you\n\nYou\u2019ll also be eligible if you have a disabled child amount in your claim, whether you\u2019re employed or not.\n\n## Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI)\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI) and have any of the following:\n\n- a severe or enhanced disability premium\n\n- a pensioner premium\n\n- a child who is disabled\n\n- Child Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element\n\n- a child under 5 living with you\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou do not need to apply. If you\u2019re eligible to get a Cold Weather Payment, you\u2019ll be paid it automatically.\n\nThe 2020 to 2021 Cold Weather Payment scheme has now ended. You\u2019ll be able to check if your area is due a payment when next year\u2019s scheme starts on 1 November 2021.\n\n## If you have a baby or a child under 5 comes to live with you\n\nTell Jobcentre Plus if you get Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance and:\n\n- you\u2019ve had a baby\n\n- a child under 5 has come to live with you\n\nYou will not automatically get Cold Weather Payments if you do not.\n\n## If you do not receive your Cold Weather Payment\n\nTell the Pension Service or Jobcentre Plus if you think you should\u2019ve received a Cold Weather Payment but you have not.\n\nIf you\u2019re getting Universal Credit, sign in to your account and add a note to your journal.\n\nIf you do not have an online account, ring the Universal Credit helpline instead. The phone number is on letters about your Universal Credit claim.\n\n## Hospital stays\n\nTell the Pension Service or Jobcentre Plus if you go into hospital - this could affect your payment.\n\nIf you\u2019re getting Universal Credit, sign in to your account and add a note to your journal.\n\nIf you do not have an online account, ring the Universal Credit helpline instead. The phone number is on letters about your Universal Credit.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may get a Cold Weather Payment if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or Support for Mortgage Interest.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a payment if the average temperature in your area is recorded as, or forecast to be, zero degrees celsius or below over 7 consecutive days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get \u00a325 for each 7 day period of very cold weather between 1 November and 31 March.

    ", + "

    The 2020 to 2021 Cold Weather Payment scheme has now ended. You\u2019ll be able to check if your area is due a payment when next year\u2019s scheme starts on 1 November 2021.

    ", + "

    Cold Weather Payments are different to Winter Fuel Payments.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get \u00a325 for each 7 day period of very cold weather between 1 November and 31 March.

    ", + "

    After each period of very cold weather in your area, you should get a payment within 14 working days. It\u2019s paid into the same bank or building society account as your benefit payments.

    ", + "

    Cold Weather Payments do not affect your other benefits.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You may get Cold Weather Payments if you\u2019re getting:

    ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Support for Mortgage Interest
    • ", + "

    Pension Credit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    Income Support and income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance and have any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a disability or pensioner premium
    • ", + "
  • a child who is disabled
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element
    • ", + "
  • a child under 5 living with you
    • ", + "

    Income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get income-related ESA and are in a work-related activity group or support group. If you\u2019re not in either group, you might also get Cold Weather Payments if you have any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a severe or enhanced disability premium
    • ", + "
  • a pensioner premium
    • ", + "
  • a child who is disabled
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element
    • ", + "
  • a child under 5 living with you
    • ", + "

    Universal Credit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get Universal Credit and you\u2019re not employed or self-employed. One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you have a health condition or disability and have limited capability for work (with or without work-related activity)
    • ", + "
  • you have a child under 5 living with you
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be eligible if you have a disabled child amount in your claim, whether you\u2019re employed or not.

    ", + "

    Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get Cold Weather Payments if you get Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI) and have any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a severe or enhanced disability premium
    • ", + "
  • a pensioner premium
    • ", + "
  • a child who is disabled
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element
    • ", + "
  • a child under 5 living with you
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply. If you\u2019re eligible to get a Cold Weather Payment, you\u2019ll be paid it automatically.

    ", + "

    The 2020 to 2021 Cold Weather Payment scheme has now ended. You\u2019ll be able to check if your area is due a payment when next year\u2019s scheme starts on 1 November 2021.

    ", + "

    If you have a baby or a child under 5 comes to live with you

    ", + "

    Tell Jobcentre Plus if you get Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance and:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a baby
    • ", + "
  • a child under 5 has come to live with you
    • ", + "

    You will not automatically get Cold Weather Payments if you do not.

    ", + "

    If you do not receive your Cold Weather Payment

    ", + "

    Tell the Pension Service or Jobcentre Plus if you think you should\u2019ve received a Cold Weather Payment but you have not.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting Universal Credit, sign in to your account and add a note to your journal.

    ", + "

    If you do not have an online account, ring the Universal Credit helpline instead. The phone number is on letters about your Universal Credit claim.

    ", + "

    Hospital stays

    ", + "

    Tell the Pension Service or Jobcentre Plus if you go into hospital - this could affect your payment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting Universal Credit, sign in to your account and add a note to your journal.

    ", + "

    If you do not have an online account, ring the Universal Credit helpline instead. The phone number is on letters about your Universal Credit.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/winter-fuel-payment": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/winter-fuel-payment", + "title": "Winter Fuel Payment", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you were born on or before 5 October 1954 you could get between \u00a3100 and \u00a3300 to help you pay your heating bills. This is known as a \u2018Winter Fuel Payment\u2019.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou will get your Winter Fuel Payment automatically (you do not need to claim) if you\u2019re eligible and either:\n\n- get the State Pension\n\n- get another social security benefit (not Housing Benefit, Council Tax Reduction, Child Benefit or Universal Credit)\n\nIf you do not get either of these, or if you live abroad, you may need to make a claim.\n\nIf you\u2019ve got a Winter Fuel Payment before, you do not need to claim again unless you\u2019ve deferred your State Pension or moved abroad.\n\nThe deadline for you to make a claim for winter 2020 to 2021 is 31 March 2021.\n\n## When you\u2019ll be paid\n\nMost payments are made automatically in November or December. You should get your money by 31 March 2021.\n\nIf you do not get your payment, contact the Winter Fuel Payment Centre.\n\nAny money you get will not affect your other benefits.\n\nWinter Fuel Payments are different to Cold Weather Payments.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou qualify for a Winter Fuel Payment if both the following apply:\n\n- you were born on or before 5 October 1954\n\n- you lived in the UK for at least one day during the week of 21 to 27 September 2020 - this is called the \u2018qualifying week\u2019\n\nIf you did not live in the UK during the qualifying week, you might still get the payment if both the following apply:\n\n- you live in Switzerland or a European Economic Area (EEA) country\n\n- you have a genuine and sufficient link to the UK - this can include having lived or worked in the UK, and having family in the UK\n\nRead guidance to check if you can get benefits as a UK national in an EU or EEA country, or Switzerland.\n\nYou cannot get the payment if you live in Cyprus, France, Gibraltar, Greece, Malta, Portugal or Spain because the average winter temperature is higher than the warmest region of the UK.\n\nYou may still be able to get Cold Weather Payment or the Warm Home Discount Scheme, even if you do not qualify for Winter Fuel Payment.\n\n## When you will not qualify\n\nYou will not qualify if you:\n\n- are in hospital getting free treatment for more than a year\n\n- need permission to enter the UK and your granted leave states that you can not claim public funds\n\n- were in prison for the whole week from 21 to 27 September 2020\n\n- lived in a care home for the whole time from 29 June to 27 September 2020, and got Pension Credit, Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n## How much you'll get\n\nHow much you get depends on your circumstances during the qualifying week. The qualifying week for winter 2020 to 2021 is 21 to 27 September 2020.\n\nAny money you get is tax-free and will not affect your other benefits.\n\n| | Born between 28 September 1940 and 5 October 1954 | Born on or before 27 September 1940 |\n\n| You qualify and live alone (or none of the people you live with qualify) | \u00a3200 | \u00a3300 |\n\n| You qualify and live with someone under 80 who also qualifies | \u00a3100 | \u00a3200 |\n\n| You qualify and live with someone 80 or over who also qualifies | \u00a3100 | \u00a3150 |\n\n| You qualify, live in a care home and do not get certain benefits | \u00a3100 | \u00a3150 |\n\n## If you get certain benefits\n\nYour payment may be different if you or your partner get one of the following benefits:\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- Income Support\n\n| | Born between 28 September 1940 and 5 October 1954 | Born on or before 27 September 1940 |\n\n| You qualify, get one of the benefits and live alone (or none of the people you live with qualify) | \u00a3200 | \u00a3300 |\n\n| You qualify and live with someone who also gets one of the benefits | \u00a3200 - only one of you will get the payment | \u00a3300 - only one of you will get the payment |\n\n| You qualify, live in a care home and get one of the benefits | Nil | Nil |\n\n## When you\u2019ll get paid\n\nMost payments are made automatically in November or December.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you how much you will get and an estimated payment date.\n\nIf the money is not paid into your account by 31 March 2021, contact the Winter Fuel Payment Centre.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, such as a bank account.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou usually do not need to claim Winter Fuel Payment - you\u2019ll get it automatically if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nIf you have not got a Winter Fuel Payment before, you only need to claim if any of the following apply:\n\n- you do not get benefits or a State Pension\n\n- you only get Housing Benefit, Council Tax Reduction, Child Benefit or Universal Credit\n\n- you get benefits or a State Pension but live in Switzerland or an EEA country\n\nIf you have got a Winter Fuel Payment before, you only need to claim if since your last payment you have either:\n\n- deferred your State Pension\n\n- moved to Switzerland or an EEA country\n\nContact the Winter Fuel Payment Centre if your circumstances have changed.\n\n## If you need to claim\n\nYou can claim Winter Fuel Payment by phone or by post.\n\n## Claim for the first time by phone\n\nCall the Winter Fuel Payment Centre to claim by phone.\n\nYou will need to know:\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- your bank or building society details\n\n- your BIC and IBAN numbers if you live in the EEA or Switzerland\n\n- the date you were married or entered into a civil partnership (if appropriate)\n\nPayments can not be made into a National Savings and Investments (NS&I) account unless you already get other benefits paid into the account.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to say whether during the qualifying week of 21 to 27 September 2020 you were:\n\n- in hospital getting free in-patient treatment\n\n- in a residential care home or Ilford Park Resettlement Home\n\n- in prison\n\n## Claim for the first time by post\n\nThe claim form you need depends on where you live.\n\n- Winter Fuel Payment claim form if you live in the UK\n\n- Winter Fuel Payment claim form if you live in Switzerland or an eligible EEA country\n\nSend your claim to the following address if you\u2019re in the UK.\n\nSend your claim to the following address if you\u2019re in an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Report a change or cancel your payment\n\nContact the Winter Fuel Payment Centre if you\u2019ve claimed Winter Fuel Payment before and you:\n\n- need to report a change of circumstances\n\n- need to change your address or personal details\n\n- want to cancel future payments\n\n- want to return a payment\n\nReport any change of circumstances as soon as possible, as these can affect how much Winter Fuel Payment you get. For example, if you stop getting a benefit, move house or go into care.\n\nIf you cancel your payments, you can change this at any time.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you were born on or before 5 October 1954 you could get between \u00a3100 and \u00a3300 to help you pay your heating bills. This is known as a \u2018Winter Fuel Payment\u2019.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You will get your Winter Fuel Payment automatically (you do not need to claim) if you\u2019re eligible and either:

    ", + "
  • get the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • get another social security benefit (not Housing Benefit, Council Tax Reduction, Child Benefit or Universal Credit)
    • ", + "

    If you do not get either of these, or if you live abroad, you may need to make a claim.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve got a Winter Fuel Payment before, you do not need to claim again unless you\u2019ve deferred your State Pension or moved abroad.

    ", + "

    The deadline for you to make a claim for winter 2020 to 2021 is 31 March 2021.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll be paid

    ", + "

    Most payments are made automatically in November or December. You should get your money by 31 March 2021.

    ", + "

    If you do not get your payment, contact the Winter Fuel Payment Centre.

    ", + "

    Any money you get will not affect your other benefits.

    ", + "

    Winter Fuel Payments are different to Cold Weather Payments.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You qualify for a Winter Fuel Payment if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were born on or before 5 October 1954
    • ", + "
  • you lived in the UK for at least one day during the week of 21 to 27 September 2020 - this is called the \u2018qualifying week\u2019
    • ", + "

    If you did not live in the UK during the qualifying week, you might still get the payment if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you live in Switzerland or a European Economic Area (EEA) country
    • ", + "
  • you have a genuine and sufficient link to the UK - this can include having lived or worked in the UK, and having family in the UK
    • ", + "

    Read guidance to check if you can get benefits as a UK national in an EU or EEA country, or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    You cannot get the payment if you live in Cyprus, France, Gibraltar, Greece, Malta, Portugal or Spain because the average winter temperature is higher than the warmest region of the UK.

    ", + "

    You may still be able to get Cold Weather Payment or the Warm Home Discount Scheme, even if you do not qualify for Winter Fuel Payment.

    ", + "

    When you will not qualify

    ", + "

    You will not qualify if you:

    ", + "
  • are in hospital getting free treatment for more than a year
    • ", + "
  • need permission to enter the UK and your granted leave states that you can not claim public funds
    • ", + "
  • were in prison for the whole week from 21 to 27 September 2020
    • ", + "
  • lived in a care home for the whole time from 29 June to 27 September 2020, and got Pension Credit, Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "

    How much you'll get

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your circumstances during the qualifying week. The qualifying week for winter 2020 to 2021 is 21 to 27 September 2020.

    ", + "

    Any money you get is tax-free and will not affect your other benefits.

    ", + " | Born between 28 September 1940 and 5 October 1954 | Born on or before 27 September 1940", + "You qualify and live alone (or none of the people you live with qualify) | \u00a3200 | \u00a3300", + "You qualify and live with someone under 80 who also qualifies | \u00a3100 | \u00a3200", + "You qualify and live with someone 80 or over who also qualifies | \u00a3100 | \u00a3150", + "You qualify, live in a care home and do not get certain benefits | \u00a3100 | \u00a3150", + "

    If you get certain benefits

    ", + "

    Your payment may be different if you or your partner get one of the following benefits:

    ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + " | Born between 28 September 1940 and 5 October 1954 | Born on or before 27 September 1940", + "You qualify, get one of the benefits and live alone (or none of the people you live with qualify) | \u00a3200 | \u00a3300", + "You qualify and live with someone who also gets one of the benefits | \u00a3200 - only one of you will get the payment | \u00a3300 - only one of you will get the payment", + "You qualify, live in a care home and get one of the benefits | Nil | Nil", + "

    When you\u2019ll get paid

    ", + "

    Most payments are made automatically in November or December.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you how much you will get and an estimated payment date.

    ", + "

    If the money is not paid into your account by 31 March 2021, contact the Winter Fuel Payment Centre.

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, such as a bank account.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You usually do not need to claim Winter Fuel Payment - you\u2019ll get it automatically if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    If you have not got a Winter Fuel Payment before, you only need to claim if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you do not get benefits or a State Pension
    • ", + "
  • you only get Housing Benefit, Council Tax Reduction, Child Benefit or Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • you get benefits or a State Pension but live in Switzerland or an EEA country
    • ", + "

    If you have got a Winter Fuel Payment before, you only need to claim if since your last payment you have either:

    ", + "
  • deferred your State Pension
    • ", + "
  • moved to Switzerland or an EEA country
    • ", + "

    Contact the Winter Fuel Payment Centre if your circumstances have changed.

    ", + "

    If you need to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim Winter Fuel Payment by phone or by post.

    ", + "

    Claim for the first time by phone

    ", + "

    Call the Winter Fuel Payment Centre to claim by phone.

    ", + "

    You will need to know:

    ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • your bank or building society details
    • ", + "
  • your BIC and IBAN numbers if you live in the EEA or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • the date you were married or entered into a civil partnership (if appropriate)
    • ", + "

    Payments can not be made into a National Savings and Investments (NS&I) account unless you already get other benefits paid into the account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to say whether during the qualifying week of 21 to 27 September 2020 you were:

    ", + "
  • in hospital getting free in-patient treatment
    • ", + "
  • in a residential care home or Ilford Park Resettlement Home
    • ", + "
  • in prison
    • ", + "

    Claim for the first time by post

    ", + "

    The claim form you need depends on where you live.

    ", + "
  • Winter Fuel Payment claim form if you live in the UK
    • ", + "
  • Winter Fuel Payment claim form if you live in Switzerland or an eligible EEA country
    • ", + "

    Send your claim to the following address if you\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    Send your claim to the following address if you\u2019re in an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Report a change or cancel your payment

    ", + "

    Contact the Winter Fuel Payment Centre if you\u2019ve claimed Winter Fuel Payment before and you:

    ", + "
  • need to report a change of circumstances
    • ", + "
  • need to change your address or personal details
    • ", + "
  • want to cancel future payments
    • ", + "
  • want to return a payment
    • ", + "

    Report any change of circumstances as soon as possible, as these can affect how much Winter Fuel Payment you get. For example, if you stop getting a benefit, move house or go into care.

    ", + "

    If you cancel your payments, you can change this at any time.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/christmas-bonus": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/christmas-bonus", + "title": "Christmas Bonus", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe Christmas Bonus is a one-off tax-free \u00a310 payment made before Christmas, paid to people who get certain benefits in the qualifying week. This is normally the first full week of December.\n\nYou do not need to claim - you should get paid automatically.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe Christmas Bonus is a one-off payment of \u00a310.\n\nIt will not affect any other benefits you get.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are normally paid into an account, such as your bank account. It may show up as \u2018DWP XB\u2019 on your bank statement.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get a Christmas Bonus you must be present or \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Gibraltar during the qualifying week.\n\nIf you live in or are moving to a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland, find out about benefits for UK nationals in the EU, EEA and Switzerland.\n\nYou must also get at least one of the following benefits in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 - this is normally the first full week of December:\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance (paid under Industrial Injuries or War Pensions schemes)\n\n- Contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance (once the main phase of the benefit is entered after the first 13 weeks of claim)\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n- Incapacity Benefit at the long-term rate\n\n- Industrial Death Benefit (for widows or widowers)\n\n- Mobility Supplement\n\n- Pension Credit - the guarantee element\n\n- Personal Independence Payment (PIP)\n\n- State Pension (including Graduated Retirement Benefit)\n\n- Severe Disablement Allowance (transitionally protected)\n\n- Unemployability Supplement or Allowance (paid under Industrial Injuries or War Pensions schemes)\n\n- War Disablement Pension at State Pension age\n\n- War Widow\u2019s Pension\n\n- Widowed Mother\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Widow\u2019s Pension\n\nIf you have not claimed your State Pension and are not entitled to one of the other qualifying benefits you will not get a Christmas Bonus\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou do not need to claim the Christmas Bonus - you should get it automatically.\n\nIf you think you should get it, but have not, contact the Jobcentre Plus office that deals with your payments or the Pension Service.\n\n## Further information\n\nIf you\u2019re part of a married couple, in a civil partnership or living together as if you are and you both get one of the qualifying benefits you\u2019ll each get a Christmas Bonus payment.\n\nIf your partner or civil partner does not get one of the qualifying benefits, they may still get the Christmas Bonus if both the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re both over State Pension age by the end of the qualifying week\n\n- your partner or civil partner was also present (or \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019) in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man, Gibraltar, European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland during the qualifying week\n\nand either:\n\n- you\u2019re entitled to an increase of a qualifying benefit for your partner or civil partner\n\n- the only qualifying benefit you\u2019re getting is Pension Credit", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The Christmas Bonus is a one-off tax-free \u00a310 payment made before Christmas, paid to people who get certain benefits in the qualifying week. This is normally the first full week of December.

    ", + "

    You do not need to claim - you should get paid automatically.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The Christmas Bonus is a one-off payment of \u00a310.

    ", + "

    It will not affect any other benefits you get.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are normally paid into an account, such as your bank account. It may show up as \u2018DWP XB\u2019 on your bank statement.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To get a Christmas Bonus you must be present or \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Gibraltar during the qualifying week.

    ", + "

    If you live in or are moving to a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland, find out about benefits for UK nationals in the EU, EEA and Switzerland.

    ", + "

    You must also get at least one of the following benefits in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 - this is normally the first full week of December:

    ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance (paid under Industrial Injuries or War Pensions schemes)
    • ", + "
  • Contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance (once the main phase of the benefit is entered after the first 13 weeks of claim)
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit at the long-term rate
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Death Benefit (for widows or widowers)
    • ", + "
  • Mobility Supplement
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit - the guarantee element
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • State Pension (including Graduated Retirement Benefit)
    • ", + "
  • Severe Disablement Allowance (transitionally protected)
    • ", + "
  • Unemployability Supplement or Allowance (paid under Industrial Injuries or War Pensions schemes)
    • ", + "
  • War Disablement Pension at State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • War Widow\u2019s Pension
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Mother\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Widow\u2019s Pension
    • ", + "

    If you have not claimed your State Pension and are not entitled to one of the other qualifying benefits you will not get a Christmas Bonus

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You do not need to claim the Christmas Bonus - you should get it automatically.

    ", + "

    If you think you should get it, but have not, contact the Jobcentre Plus office that deals with your payments or the Pension Service.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re part of a married couple, in a civil partnership or living together as if you are and you both get one of the qualifying benefits you\u2019ll each get a Christmas Bonus payment.

    ", + "

    If your partner or civil partner does not get one of the qualifying benefits, they may still get the Christmas Bonus if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re both over State Pension age by the end of the qualifying week
    • ", + "
  • your partner or civil partner was also present (or \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019) in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man, Gibraltar, European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland during the qualifying week
    • ", + "

    and either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re entitled to an increase of a qualifying benefit for your partner or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • the only qualifying benefit you\u2019re getting is Pension Credit
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/claim-benefits-abroad": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-benefits-abroad", + "title": "Claiming benefits if you live, move or travel abroad", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may still be able to claim some benefits if you travel or move abroad, or if you\u2019re already living abroad. What you\u2019re entitled to depends on where you\u2019re going and how long for.\n\n## Who to contact if you\u2019re going abroad\n\nTell your local Jobcentre Plus or the office that pays your benefit if you\u2019re going abroad. If it\u2019s a temporary move, tell them when you\u2019re coming back.\n\nYou must also tell HMRC if you\u2019re leaving the UK.\n\n## Claiming when abroad\n\nIf you\u2019re going to (or are already living in) a European Economic Area (EEA) country or a country with a special agreement with the UK, you may be able to claim:\n\n- UK-based benefits\n\n- benefits provided by the country you\u2019re going to\n\nYou can also claim your State Pension abroad.\n\n## Claiming benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland\n\nIf you\u2019re living in or planning to go to an EEA country or Switzerland you may be able to get some UK benefits.\n\nFind out if you can get benefits in the EEA or Switzerland.\n\n## When you get your payment\n\nThe date you get your payment depends on which benefit you claim.\n\nIf you live abroad and your payment is due in the same week as a US bank holiday, it could arrive one day late. This is because a US company processes these payments.\n\n## Benefit fraud\n\nYou\u2019re committing benefit fraud if you:\n\n- do not tell the office that pays your benefit you\u2019re going abroad, even if it\u2019s just for a visit\n\n- deliberately do not report a change in your circumstances while abroad, like buying a property, working, or claiming a pension or benefit from another country\n\n- are dishonest in order to get benefits, like continuing to claim the pension or benefit of someone who has died overseas\n\n## Where you can claim benefits\n\n## European Economic Area (EEA) countries\n\nIf you\u2019re living in or planning to go to an EEA country or Switzerland you may be able to get some UK benefits.\n\nFind out if you can get benefits in the EEA or Switzerland.\n\n## Other countries with UK benefits arrangements\n\nThe following countries have social security agreements with the UK:\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Bermuda\n\n- Bosnia and Herzegovina\n\n- Canada\n\n- Channel Islands\n\n- Gibraltar\n\n- Israel\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Kosovo\n\n- Mauritius\n\n- Montenegro\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- North Macedonia\n\n- the Philippines\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Turkey\n\n- USA\n\nYou may be able to claim certain benefits in these countries but it will depend on the particular country.\n\n## Jobseeker's Allowance\n\nThere are 3 different types of Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA):\n\n- \u2018new style\u2019 JSA\n\n- contribution-based JSA\n\n- income-based JSA\n\nYou cannot get income-based JSA abroad.\n\nYou may get \u2018new style\u2019 JSA or contribution-based JSA in the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland for up to 3 months if you:\n\n- are entitled to it on the day you go abroad\n\n- register as a jobseeker at least 4 weeks before you leave\n\n- are looking for work in the UK up to the day you leave\n\n- are going abroad to look for work\n\n- register at the equivalent of a Jobcentre in the country you\u2019re going to\n\n- follow the other country\u2019s rules on registering and looking for work\n\n- are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement\n\nFind out if you can get JSA in the EEA or Switzerland.\n\n## Moving to a country not in the EEA\n\nSome countries outside the EEA have social security agreements with the UK. This means that if you\u2019ve paid enough National Insurance contributions in the UK, you may be able to get unemployment benefits in:\n\n- Bosnia and Herzegovina\n\n- Channel Islands\n\n- Kosovo\n\n- Macedonia\n\n- Montenegro\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Serbia\n\n## Help and advice on JSA\n\n## Maternity and childcare benefits\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nIf you work for a UK employer in the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland, you may get SMP as long as you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out if you can get Statutory Maternity Pay in the EEA or Switzerland.\n\nIf you work in a different country, you can still get SMP as long as your employer pays UK National Insurance contributions for you.\n\nTalk to your employer about claiming SMP.\n\n## Maternity Allowance\n\nIf you cannot get SMP, you might be eligible for Maternity Allowance.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, you may get Maternity Allowance in an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\nFind out if you can get Maternity Allowance in the EEA or Switzerland.\n\nYou may also be able to claim it in:\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Bosnia and Herzegovina\n\n- Channel Islands\n\n- Gibraltar\n\n- Israel\n\n- Kosovo\n\n- Macedonia\n\n- Montenegro\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Turkey\n\nAsk your local Jobcentre Plus for more information.\n\n## Child-related benefits\n\nYou may also get the following in an EEA country or Switzerland if you\u2019re eligible:\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- tax credits\n\n- Guardian\u2019s Allowance (you can claim this if you\u2019re getting Child Benefit for a child whose parents have both died)\n\n## Illness and injury benefits\n\n## Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)\n\nYou can get SSP if you\u2019re eligible and either of the following apply:\n\n- you work for a UK employer in the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland\n\n- you work outside the EEA and your employer pays National Insurance contributions for you\n\nContact your employer to claim SSP.\n\n## Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\nYou can get ESA for up to 4 weeks if you go abroad. Talk to your local Jobcentre Plus before you go.\n\n## Going abroad for more than 4 weeks but less than a year\n\nTell your local Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re going abroad for more than 4 weeks.\n\nYou can carry on getting contribution-based ESA for up to 26 weeks if you\u2019re going abroad for medical treatment for yourself or your child.\n\nIt does not matter which country you go to.\n\n## Going abroad for more than a year\n\nYou may get contribution-based ESA in the EEA or Switzerland if you:\n\n- are eligible\n\n- have paid enough National Insurance contributions\n\n- are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement\n\nFind out if you can get contribution-based ESA in the EEA or Switzerland.\n\n## Help and advice on ESA\n\n## Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB)\n\nIf you\u2019re getting Industrial Injuries Benefit for work-related accidents and illnesses, you can still get this abroad.\n\nContact the office dealing with your benefit if you\u2019re still in the UK, or the International Pension Centre if you\u2019re living abroad.\n\n## Help and advice on IIDB\n\n## Benefits for carers and people with disabilities\n\nWhat you can claim depends on:\n\n- which benefit you\u2019re claiming\n\n- where you\u2019re going and for how long\n\n## Going abroad temporarily\n\nYou can claim the following benefits if you\u2019re going abroad for up to 13 weeks (or 26 weeks if it\u2019s for medical treatment):\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n- Personal Independence Payment\n\nYou can carry on claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance if you take up to 4 weeks holiday out of a 26-week period.\n\nTell the office that deals with your benefit that you\u2019ll be away.\n\n## Going abroad permanently to an EEA country or Switzerland\n\nYou or a family member may be able to claim benefits if you:\n\n- work in the UK or pay National Insurance in the UK because of work\n\n- have paid enough National Insurance to qualify for contribution-based benefits\n\n- are getting State Pension, Industrial Injuries Benefit, contribution-based ESA or bereavement benefits\n\n- are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible then you may be able to claim:\n\n- Disability Living Allowance care component\n\n- Personal Independence Payment living component\n\n- Attendance Allowance or Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou cannot claim Disability Living Allowance mobility component and Personal Independence Payment mobility component abroad.\n\nFind out if you can get benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\n## If you already live in an EEA country or Switzerland\n\nYou do not need to have claimed in the UK before you moved. But you must:\n\n- be habitually resident in the EEA country or Switzerland\n\n- have a genuine link with the UK social security system, for example you\u2019ve lived or worked in the UK\n\n- be covered by the Withdrawal Agreement\n\nFind out if you can get benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\n## Make a claim or change your details\n\nTo make a claim or change any personal details, such as your address or bank account, write to the Exportability Team that deals with the benefit you are claiming.\n\nIf you\u2019re making a claim, your letter should say:\n\n- what benefits you want to claim\n\n- where you live\n\n## Attendance Allowance Exportability Team\n\n## Disability Living Allowance Exportability Team\n\n## Personal Independence Payment 7 Exportability Team\n\n## Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance or report a change of circumstances online.\n\nYou can also write to the Carers Allowance Exportability Team.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nContact the Disability Benefits Exportability Team about Disability Living Allowance, Attendance Allowance and Personal Independence Payment.\n\nIf you have a general enquiry about Carer\u2019s Allowance, contact the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit.\n\nIf you\u2019re a British Sign Language (BSL) user, you can use the video relay service. It\u2019s available Monday to Friday, 8am to 6pm - check you can use the service.\n\n## Winter Fuel Payments\n\nYou may be able to claim a Winter Fuel Payment if all of the following apply:\n\n- you were born on or before 5 October 1954\n\n- you live in Switzerland or a European Economic Area (EEA) country (except for Cyprus, France, Gibraltar, Greece, Malta, Portugal or Spain)\n\n- you have a genuine and sufficient link to the UK - this can include having lived or worked in the UK, and having family in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re covered by the Withdrawal Agreement\n\nYou do not need to have claimed Winter Fuel Payments in the UK before you go abroad.\n\nFind out if you can get Winter Fuel Payments in an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\n## Bereavement benefits\n\nIf you\u2019re already getting a bereavement benefit when you move abroad, you\u2019ll still get it - it does not matter where you move to.\n\nYou may be able to make a new claim if you live in certain countries outside the UK.\n\n## European Economic Area (EEA) countries, Switzerland and Gibraltar\n\nIf you live in an EEA country, Switzerland or Gibraltar, and you\u2019re eligible, you may be able to claim the following:\n\n- Bereavement Support Payment\n\n- Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance\n\nFind out if you can get bereavement benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\n## Countries outside the EEA\n\nYou may also be able to claim bereavement benefits in some countries outside the EEA.\n\nBereavement Support Payment:\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Bosnia and Herzegovina\n\n- Channel Islands\n\n- Israel\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Kosovo\n\n- Macedonia\n\n- Montenegro\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- the Philippines\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Turkey\n\n- USA\n\nWidowed Parent\u2019s Allowance:\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Bermuda\n\n- Bosnia and Herzegovina\n\n- Channel Islands\n\n- Israel\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Kosovo\n\n- Macedonia\n\n- Mauritius\n\n- Montenegro\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- the Philippines\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Turkey\n\n- USA\n\nThe rate and eligibility criteria may vary between countries.\n\n## Help and advice on bereavement benefits", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may still be able to claim some benefits if you travel or move abroad, or if you\u2019re already living abroad. What you\u2019re entitled to depends on where you\u2019re going and how long for.

    ", + "

    Who to contact if you\u2019re going abroad

    ", + "

    Tell your local Jobcentre Plus or the office that pays your benefit if you\u2019re going abroad. If it\u2019s a temporary move, tell them when you\u2019re coming back.

    ", + "

    You must also tell HMRC if you\u2019re leaving the UK.

    ", + "

    Claiming when abroad

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re going to (or are already living in) a European Economic Area (EEA) country or a country with a special agreement with the UK, you may be able to claim:

    ", + "
  • UK-based benefits
    • ", + "
  • benefits provided by the country you\u2019re going to
    • ", + "

    You can also claim your State Pension abroad.

    ", + "

    Claiming benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re living in or planning to go to an EEA country or Switzerland you may be able to get some UK benefits.

    ", + "

    Find out if you can get benefits in the EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    When you get your payment

    ", + "

    The date you get your payment depends on which benefit you claim.

    ", + "

    If you live abroad and your payment is due in the same week as a US bank holiday, it could arrive one day late. This is because a US company processes these payments.

    ", + "

    Benefit fraud

    ", + "

    You\u2019re committing benefit fraud if you:

    ", + "
  • do not tell the office that pays your benefit you\u2019re going abroad, even if it\u2019s just for a visit
    • ", + "
  • deliberately do not report a change in your circumstances while abroad, like buying a property, working, or claiming a pension or benefit from another country
    • ", + "
  • are dishonest in order to get benefits, like continuing to claim the pension or benefit of someone who has died overseas
    • ", + "

    Where you can claim benefits

    ", + "

    European Economic Area (EEA) countries

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re living in or planning to go to an EEA country or Switzerland you may be able to get some UK benefits.

    ", + "

    Find out if you can get benefits in the EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Other countries with UK benefits arrangements

    ", + "

    The following countries have social security agreements with the UK:

    ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Bermuda
    • ", + "
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • Israel
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Kosovo
    • ", + "
  • Mauritius
    • ", + "
  • Montenegro
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • North Macedonia
    • ", + "
  • the Philippines
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Turkey
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    You may be able to claim certain benefits in these countries but it will depend on the particular country.

    ", + "

    Jobseeker's Allowance

    ", + "

    There are 3 different types of Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA):

    ", + "
  • \u2018new style\u2019 JSA
    • ", + "
  • contribution-based JSA
    • ", + "
  • income-based JSA
    • ", + "

    You cannot get income-based JSA abroad.

    ", + "

    You may get \u2018new style\u2019 JSA or contribution-based JSA in the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland for up to 3 months if you:

    ", + "
  • are entitled to it on the day you go abroad
    • ", + "
  • register as a jobseeker at least 4 weeks before you leave
    • ", + "
  • are looking for work in the UK up to the day you leave
    • ", + "
  • are going abroad to look for work
    • ", + "
  • register at the equivalent of a Jobcentre in the country you\u2019re going to
    • ", + "
  • follow the other country\u2019s rules on registering and looking for work
    • ", + "
  • are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement
    • ", + "

    Find out if you can get JSA in the EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Moving to a country not in the EEA

    ", + "

    Some countries outside the EEA have social security agreements with the UK. This means that if you\u2019ve paid enough National Insurance contributions in the UK, you may be able to get unemployment benefits in:

    ", + "
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ", + "
  • Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • Kosovo
    • ", + "
  • Macedonia
    • ", + "
  • Montenegro
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "

    Help and advice on JSA

    ", + "

    Maternity and childcare benefits

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)

    ", + "

    If you work for a UK employer in the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland, you may get SMP as long as you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out if you can get Statutory Maternity Pay in the EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    If you work in a different country, you can still get SMP as long as your employer pays UK National Insurance contributions for you.

    ", + "

    Talk to your employer about claiming SMP.

    ", + "

    Maternity Allowance

    ", + "

    If you cannot get SMP, you might be eligible for Maternity Allowance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, you may get Maternity Allowance in an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Find out if you can get Maternity Allowance in the EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to claim it in:

    ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ", + "
  • Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • Israel
    • ", + "
  • Kosovo
    • ", + "
  • Macedonia
    • ", + "
  • Montenegro
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Turkey
    • ", + "

    Ask your local Jobcentre Plus for more information.

    ", + "

    Child-related benefits

    ", + "

    You may also get the following in an EEA country or Switzerland if you\u2019re eligible:

    ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • tax credits
    • ", + "
  • Guardian\u2019s Allowance (you can claim this if you\u2019re getting Child Benefit for a child whose parents have both died)
    • ", + "

    Illness and injury benefits

    ", + "

    Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)

    ", + "

    You can get SSP if you\u2019re eligible and either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you work for a UK employer in the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • you work outside the EEA and your employer pays National Insurance contributions for you
    • ", + "

    Contact your employer to claim SSP.

    ", + "

    Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)

    ", + "

    You can get ESA for up to 4 weeks if you go abroad. Talk to your local Jobcentre Plus before you go.

    ", + "

    Going abroad for more than 4 weeks but less than a year

    ", + "

    Tell your local Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re going abroad for more than 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    You can carry on getting contribution-based ESA for up to 26 weeks if you\u2019re going abroad for medical treatment for yourself or your child.

    ", + "

    It does not matter which country you go to.

    ", + "

    Going abroad for more than a year

    ", + "

    You may get contribution-based ESA in the EEA or Switzerland if you:

    ", + "
  • are eligible
    • ", + "
  • have paid enough National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "
  • are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement
    • ", + "

    Find out if you can get contribution-based ESA in the EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Help and advice on ESA

    ", + "

    Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting Industrial Injuries Benefit for work-related accidents and illnesses, you can still get this abroad.

    ", + "

    Contact the office dealing with your benefit if you\u2019re still in the UK, or the International Pension Centre if you\u2019re living abroad.

    ", + "

    Help and advice on IIDB

    ", + "

    Benefits for carers and people with disabilities

    ", + "

    What you can claim depends on:

    ", + "
  • which benefit you\u2019re claiming
    • ", + "
  • where you\u2019re going and for how long
    • ", + "

    Going abroad temporarily

    ", + "

    You can claim the following benefits if you\u2019re going abroad for up to 13 weeks (or 26 weeks if it\u2019s for medical treatment):

    ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    You can carry on claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance if you take up to 4 weeks holiday out of a 26-week period.

    ", + "

    Tell the office that deals with your benefit that you\u2019ll be away.

    ", + "

    Going abroad permanently to an EEA country or Switzerland

    ", + "

    You or a family member may be able to claim benefits if you:

    ", + "
  • work in the UK or pay National Insurance in the UK because of work
    • ", + "
  • have paid enough National Insurance to qualify for contribution-based benefits
    • ", + "
  • are getting State Pension, Industrial Injuries Benefit, contribution-based ESA or bereavement benefits
    • ", + "
  • are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible then you may be able to claim:

    ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance care component
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment living component
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance or Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim Disability Living Allowance mobility component and Personal Independence Payment mobility component abroad.

    ", + "

    Find out if you can get benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    If you already live in an EEA country or Switzerland

    ", + "

    You do not need to have claimed in the UK before you moved. But you must:

    ", + "
  • be habitually resident in the EEA country or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • have a genuine link with the UK social security system, for example you\u2019ve lived or worked in the UK
    • ", + "
  • be covered by the Withdrawal Agreement
    • ", + "

    Find out if you can get benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Make a claim or change your details

    ", + "

    To make a claim or change any personal details, such as your address or bank account, write to the Exportability Team that deals with the benefit you are claiming.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making a claim, your letter should say:

    ", + "
  • what benefits you want to claim
    • ", + "
  • where you live
    • ", + "

    Attendance Allowance Exportability Team

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance Exportability Team

    ", + "

    Personal Independence Payment 7 Exportability Team

    ", + "

    Carer\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    You can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance or report a change of circumstances online.

    ", + "

    You can also write to the Carers Allowance Exportability Team.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Contact the Disability Benefits Exportability Team about Disability Living Allowance, Attendance Allowance and Personal Independence Payment.

    ", + "

    If you have a general enquiry about Carer\u2019s Allowance, contact the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a British Sign Language (BSL) user, you can use the video relay service. It\u2019s available Monday to Friday, 8am to 6pm - check you can use the service.

    ", + "

    Winter Fuel Payments

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim a Winter Fuel Payment if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were born on or before 5 October 1954
    • ", + "
  • you live in Switzerland or a European Economic Area (EEA) country (except for Cyprus, France, Gibraltar, Greece, Malta, Portugal or Spain)
    • ", + "
  • you have a genuine and sufficient link to the UK - this can include having lived or worked in the UK, and having family in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re covered by the Withdrawal Agreement
    • ", + "

    You do not need to have claimed Winter Fuel Payments in the UK before you go abroad.

    ", + "

    Find out if you can get Winter Fuel Payments in an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Bereavement benefits

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already getting a bereavement benefit when you move abroad, you\u2019ll still get it - it does not matter where you move to.

    ", + "

    You may be able to make a new claim if you live in certain countries outside the UK.

    ", + "

    European Economic Area (EEA) countries, Switzerland and Gibraltar

    ", + "

    If you live in an EEA country, Switzerland or Gibraltar, and you\u2019re eligible, you may be able to claim the following:

    ", + "
  • Bereavement Support Payment
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    Find out if you can get bereavement benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Countries outside the EEA

    ", + "

    You may also be able to claim bereavement benefits in some countries outside the EEA.

    ", + "

    Bereavement Support Payment:

    ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ", + "
  • Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • Israel
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Kosovo
    • ", + "
  • Macedonia
    • ", + "
  • Montenegro
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • the Philippines
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Turkey
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance:

    ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Bermuda
    • ", + "
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ", + "
  • Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • Israel
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Kosovo
    • ", + "
  • Macedonia
    • ", + "
  • Mauritius
    • ", + "
  • Montenegro
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • the Philippines
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Turkey
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    The rate and eligibility criteria may vary between countries.

    ", + "

    Help and advice on bereavement benefits

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/benefits-and-prison": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/benefits-and-prison", + "title": "Benefits and prison", + "content": "## Overview\n\nBenefit payments and entitlement may change or stop if you, your partner or your child is:\n\n- sent to prison or a young offenders\u2019 institution\n\n- in custody awaiting trial (on remand)\n\nYou must tell the Tax Credit Office about prison sentences.\n\nYou cannot claim State Pension while you\u2019re in prison.\n\n## If you\u2019re in prison or on remand\n\nYou can get help from a benefits adviser to suspend or close down benefits you\u2019re no longer able to claim if you go to prison or on remand.\n\n## If your partner or child is in prison or on remand\n\nIf your partner or child has gone to prison or is on remand, you must tell whoever pays your benefits and find out:\n\n- if your benefit claims will be affected\n\n- if you can claim other benefits\n\nYou may still be entitled to benefits if your partner has gone to prison, as long as you satisfy the benefit entitlement conditions in your own right.\n\n## Benefits that stop or are suspended\n\nYour entitlement to benefit stops if you go to prison, apart from:\n\n- Housing Benefit\nfor shorter sentences\n\n- help with council tax if you\u2019re eligible\n\n- tax credits and Child Benefit, in some cases\n\n- Industrial Injuries Disabled Benefit, which is suspended\n\nYou\u2019ll stop getting Carer\u2019s Allowance if the person you care for goes to prison or is on remand.\n\n## Benefits while on remand\n\nIf you\u2019re on remand, you cannot claim:\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Income Support - apart from help with housing costs\n\n- Working Tax Credit - although your partner may be able to claim for an absent partner\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance or Incapacity Benefit\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit - apart from help with housing costs\n\n- Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit\n\nYou will not be entitled to Statutory Sick Pay or Statutory Maternity Pay from your employer.\n\n## Benefit arrears\n\nIf you\u2019re owed any benefit arrears at the time you\u2019re sent to prison or on remand, you can make a request in writing for these to be paid to someone else.\n\n## Benefit arrears if you\u2019re not convicted\n\nIf you\u2019re not convicted, you can get benefit arrears for:\n\n- Contributory Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Incapacity Benefit\n\n## Benefit arrears if you\u2019re convicted\n\nIf you\u2019re sent to prison and claim Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit, you may be entitled to up to a year\u2019s arrears whenever you\u2019re released.\n\n## Claiming benefits on release\n\nIf you\u2019re entitled to benefits, you can put in new claims as soon as you leave prison. You may also be able to get other financial and practical support.\n\nYou cannot claim Job Seeker\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re released on temporary licence (ROTL).\n\n## Housing Benefit\n\nYou may be able to continue getting Housing Benefit or make a claim for the first time if you go to prison or are on remand.\n\n## Making a new Housing Benefit claim\n\nYou can only make a new claim for Housing Benefit if one of the following is true:\n\n- you have reached State Pension age\n\n- you live in temporary accommodation\n\n- you live in sheltered or supported housing with special facilities such as alarms or wardens\n\n## When you will not be able to claim\n\nYou will not be entitled to claim Housing Benefit if:\n\n- you\u2019re likely to be on remand for more than 52 weeks\n\n- you\u2019re likely to be in prison for more than 13 weeks (including any time on remand)\n\n- you\u2019re not intending to return home on release\n\n- you\u2019re claiming as a couple and you\u2019ve split up\n\n- the property is going to be rented out\n\n## On remand\n\n## If you\u2019re single\n\nYou can claim Housing Benefit payments for up to 52 weeks while you\u2019re on remand, if you\u2019re likely to return home in a year or less.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a couple\n\nYou can claim joint Housing Benefit for up to 52 weeks while one of you is on remand, if it\u2019s likely to be for a year or less.\n\n## If your child is on remand\n\nYour Housing Benefit payments can continue for up to 52 weeks if your child\u2019s on remand, if they\u2019re likely to be away for a year or less.\n\n## In prison\n\n## If you\u2019re single\n\nYou can claim Housing Benefit for up to 13 weeks if you\u2019re single and go to prison and are likely to return home in 13 weeks or less - including any time on remand.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a couple\n\nYou can claim joint Housing Benefit for up to 13 weeks if one of you has gone to prison and is likely to return home in 13 weeks or less - including any time on remand.\n\nIf your partner\u2019s been the one claiming Housing Benefit and goes to prison, you may be able to claim it instead. You may need to have your name added to the tenancy agreement, if it\u2019s not there already.\n\n## If your child is in prison\n\nIf your child goes to prison, you\u2019ll need to contact your local council to see if your Housing Benefit entitlement will change. For example, if you rent from a private landlord, the amount of benefit paid is limited, depending on who\u2019s living with you.\n\n## Council Tax exemption and reduction\n\nYou will not count as an adult living in a property for Council Tax if you\u2019re in prison or on remand.\n\n## If you\u2019re single\n\nYou can apply for your home to be exempt from Council Tax if you\u2019re single, in prison or on remand, and there\u2019s no one living there.\n\nYour home will not be exempt if you\u2019re in prison for not paying Council Tax or a fine for not paying it.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a couple\n\n## On remand\n\nYou can apply or continue to get joint Council Tax Reduction if your partner\u2019s on remand and is expected home in a year or less.\n\n## In prison\n\nYou can claim or continue to claim joint Council Tax Reduction if your partner\u2019s expected to be in prison for 13 weeks or less \u2013 including any time on remand.\n\n## Making a new claim\n\nYou\u2019ll get a 25% discount off your Council Tax bill if your partner\u2019s going to be absent for more than 13 weeks and you\u2019re the only adult in the property. You may be able to apply for Council Tax Reduction if you do not already get it.\n\n## Tax Credits\n\n## Reporting changes\n\nYou must tell the Tax Credit Office about changes that affect your tax credits. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next.\n\n## Working Tax Credit\n\n## If you\u2019re single\n\nYour Working Tax Credit will stop if you\u2019re single and:\n\n- you\u2019re on on remand\n\n- you\u2019re sent to prison\n\n- you\u2019re sent to a young offenders\u2019 institution\n\n## If you\u2019re in a couple\n\nYou may be able to continue claiming Working Tax Credit if you\u2019re in a couple and your partner goes to prison for a year or less.\n\nYou must work a certain number of hours a week to qualify.\n\nAny work you do while you\u2019re serving a sentence or on remand will not be counted.\n\n## Child Tax Credit\n\n## If you\u2019re single and you go to prison\n\nYour Child Tax Credit may stop if you\u2019re single with children and go to prison. The Tax Credit Office will decide by looking at:\n\n- whether you\u2019re still responsible for your child\n\n- how long you\u2019re in prison for\n\n- if you\u2019re still in regular contact\n\n- if your child\u2019s with you in prison\n\nThe person looking after your child or children may be able to claim Child Tax Credit if you cannot.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a couple and one of you goes to prison\n\nYour Child Tax Credit will continue if you\u2019re in a couple and one of you goes on remand or to prison.\n\n## If your child goes to prison\n\nYou\u2019ll still get Child Tax Credit if your child goes to prison for 4 months or less.\n\nYou will not get Child Tax Credit for your child\u2019s sentence if it\u2019s more than 4 months.\n\n## Child Benefit\n\nYou can continue to claim Child Benefit when you\u2019re in prison if:\n\n- your child is with you in prison\n\n- the child you\u2019re claiming for for is living with someone else and you pay an equivalent sum to them\n\nYou can also ask to transfer the Child Benefit payment to someone else.\n\nIf your child is being cared for by the local council, your Child Benefit payments will stop after 8 weeks.\n\n## If your child goes to prison or is on remand\n\nYour Child Benefit payments will stop after 8 weeks if your child goes to prison or is on remand. You\u2019ll get arrears if they\u2019re cleared of the offence.\n\n## Looking after someone else\u2019s child\n\nYou may be able to claim Child Benefit and Guardian\u2019s Allowance if you look after your partner\u2019s child or someone else\u2019s child while they\u2019re in prison.\n\nYou may also be able to to claim Child Tax Credit.\n\n## Support for Mortgage Interest\n\nSupport for Mortgage Interest (SMI) is no longer a benefit. It\u2019s now only available as a loan.\n\nYou cannot get an SMI loan if you\u2019re serving a prison sentence but your partner might be able to claim instead.\n\nYour partner\u2019s name may not have to be on the mortgage to be able to claim.\n\n## Getting an SMI loan while on remand\n\nIf you\u2019re single and on remand, you may be able to continue getting SMI loan payments if you meet the eligibility conditions.\n\nYou cannot get an SMI loan or Income Support if you\u2019re part of a couple and on remand, but your partner can claim benefit and housing costs.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nIf you\u2019re on remand, you must be getting Pension Credit or Income Support to get an SMI loan.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply for one of these benefits if you\u2019ve previously qualified for SMI by getting Income-based Job Seeker\u2019s Allowance or Employment and Support allowance.\n\nYou\u2019ll only be able to get SMI loan payments - you will not be paid Pension Credit or Income Support.\n\nIf you get Income Support and have accepted an offer of an SMI loan, you can only get loan payments after you\u2019ve been receiving the benefit for 39 consecutive weeks.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Benefit payments and entitlement may change or stop if you, your partner or your child is:

    ", + "
  • sent to prison or a young offenders\u2019 institution
    • ", + "
  • in custody awaiting trial (on remand)
    • ", + "

    You must tell the Tax Credit Office about prison sentences.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim State Pension while you\u2019re in prison.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in prison or on remand

    ", + "

    You can get help from a benefits adviser to suspend or close down benefits you\u2019re no longer able to claim if you go to prison or on remand.

    ", + "

    If your partner or child is in prison or on remand

    ", + "

    If your partner or child has gone to prison or is on remand, you must tell whoever pays your benefits and find out:

    ", + "
  • if your benefit claims will be affected
    • ", + "
  • if you can claim other benefits
    • ", + "

    You may still be entitled to benefits if your partner has gone to prison, as long as you satisfy the benefit entitlement conditions in your own right.

    ", + "

    Benefits that stop or are suspended

    ", + "

    Your entitlement to benefit stops if you go to prison, apart from:

    ", + "
  • Housing Benefit\nfor shorter sentences
    • ", + "
  • help with council tax if you\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "
  • tax credits and Child Benefit, in some cases
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Disabled Benefit, which is suspended
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll stop getting Carer\u2019s Allowance if the person you care for goes to prison or is on remand.

    ", + "

    Benefits while on remand

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on remand, you cannot claim:

    ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Income Support - apart from help with housing costs
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit - although your partner may be able to claim for an absent partner
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance or Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit - apart from help with housing costs
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit
    • ", + "

    You will not be entitled to Statutory Sick Pay or Statutory Maternity Pay from your employer.

    ", + "

    Benefit arrears

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re owed any benefit arrears at the time you\u2019re sent to prison or on remand, you can make a request in writing for these to be paid to someone else.

    ", + "

    Benefit arrears if you\u2019re not convicted

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not convicted, you can get benefit arrears for:

    ", + "
  • Contributory Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "

    Benefit arrears if you\u2019re convicted

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re sent to prison and claim Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit, you may be entitled to up to a year\u2019s arrears whenever you\u2019re released.

    ", + "

    Claiming benefits on release

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re entitled to benefits, you can put in new claims as soon as you leave prison. You may also be able to get other financial and practical support.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim Job Seeker\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re released on temporary licence (ROTL).

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit

    ", + "

    You may be able to continue getting Housing Benefit or make a claim for the first time if you go to prison or are on remand.

    ", + "

    Making a new Housing Benefit claim

    ", + "

    You can only make a new claim for Housing Benefit if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you have reached State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you live in temporary accommodation
    • ", + "
  • you live in sheltered or supported housing with special facilities such as alarms or wardens
    • ", + "

    When you will not be able to claim

    ", + "

    You will not be entitled to claim Housing Benefit if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re likely to be on remand for more than 52 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re likely to be in prison for more than 13 weeks (including any time on remand)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not intending to return home on release
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re claiming as a couple and you\u2019ve split up
    • ", + "
  • the property is going to be rented out
    • ", + "

    On remand

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single

    ", + "

    You can claim Housing Benefit payments for up to 52 weeks while you\u2019re on remand, if you\u2019re likely to return home in a year or less.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple

    ", + "

    You can claim joint Housing Benefit for up to 52 weeks while one of you is on remand, if it\u2019s likely to be for a year or less.

    ", + "

    If your child is on remand

    ", + "

    Your Housing Benefit payments can continue for up to 52 weeks if your child\u2019s on remand, if they\u2019re likely to be away for a year or less.

    ", + "

    In prison

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single

    ", + "

    You can claim Housing Benefit for up to 13 weeks if you\u2019re single and go to prison and are likely to return home in 13 weeks or less - including any time on remand.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple

    ", + "

    You can claim joint Housing Benefit for up to 13 weeks if one of you has gone to prison and is likely to return home in 13 weeks or less - including any time on remand.

    ", + "

    If your partner\u2019s been the one claiming Housing Benefit and goes to prison, you may be able to claim it instead. You may need to have your name added to the tenancy agreement, if it\u2019s not there already.

    ", + "

    If your child is in prison

    ", + "

    If your child goes to prison, you\u2019ll need to contact your local council to see if your Housing Benefit entitlement will change. For example, if you rent from a private landlord, the amount of benefit paid is limited, depending on who\u2019s living with you.

    ", + "

    Council Tax exemption and reduction

    ", + "

    You will not count as an adult living in a property for Council Tax if you\u2019re in prison or on remand.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single

    ", + "

    You can apply for your home to be exempt from Council Tax if you\u2019re single, in prison or on remand, and there\u2019s no one living there.

    ", + "

    Your home will not be exempt if you\u2019re in prison for not paying Council Tax or a fine for not paying it.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple

    ", + "

    On remand

    ", + "

    You can apply or continue to get joint Council Tax Reduction if your partner\u2019s on remand and is expected home in a year or less.

    ", + "

    In prison

    ", + "

    You can claim or continue to claim joint Council Tax Reduction if your partner\u2019s expected to be in prison for 13 weeks or less \u2013 including any time on remand.

    ", + "

    Making a new claim

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a 25% discount off your Council Tax bill if your partner\u2019s going to be absent for more than 13 weeks and you\u2019re the only adult in the property. You may be able to apply for Council Tax Reduction if you do not already get it.

    ", + "

    Tax Credits

    ", + "

    Reporting changes

    ", + "

    You must tell the Tax Credit Office about changes that affect your tax credits. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next.

    ", + "

    Working Tax Credit

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single

    ", + "

    Your Working Tax Credit will stop if you\u2019re single and:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re on on remand
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re sent to prison
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re sent to a young offenders\u2019 institution
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple

    ", + "

    You may be able to continue claiming Working Tax Credit if you\u2019re in a couple and your partner goes to prison for a year or less.

    ", + "

    You must work a certain number of hours a week to qualify.

    ", + "

    Any work you do while you\u2019re serving a sentence or on remand will not be counted.

    ", + "

    Child Tax Credit

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single and you go to prison

    ", + "

    Your Child Tax Credit may stop if you\u2019re single with children and go to prison. The Tax Credit Office will decide by looking at:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re still responsible for your child
    • ", + "
  • how long you\u2019re in prison for
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re still in regular contact
    • ", + "
  • if your child\u2019s with you in prison
    • ", + "

    The person looking after your child or children may be able to claim Child Tax Credit if you cannot.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple and one of you goes to prison

    ", + "

    Your Child Tax Credit will continue if you\u2019re in a couple and one of you goes on remand or to prison.

    ", + "

    If your child goes to prison

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still get Child Tax Credit if your child goes to prison for 4 months or less.

    ", + "

    You will not get Child Tax Credit for your child\u2019s sentence if it\u2019s more than 4 months.

    ", + "

    Child Benefit

    ", + "

    You can continue to claim Child Benefit when you\u2019re in prison if:

    ", + "
  • your child is with you in prison
    • ", + "
  • the child you\u2019re claiming for for is living with someone else and you pay an equivalent sum to them
    • ", + "

    You can also ask to transfer the Child Benefit payment to someone else.

    ", + "

    If your child is being cared for by the local council, your Child Benefit payments will stop after 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    If your child goes to prison or is on remand

    ", + "

    Your Child Benefit payments will stop after 8 weeks if your child goes to prison or is on remand. You\u2019ll get arrears if they\u2019re cleared of the offence.

    ", + "

    Looking after someone else\u2019s child

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim Child Benefit and Guardian\u2019s Allowance if you look after your partner\u2019s child or someone else\u2019s child while they\u2019re in prison.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to to claim Child Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    Support for Mortgage Interest

    ", + "

    Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI) is no longer a benefit. It\u2019s now only available as a loan.

    ", + "

    You cannot get an SMI loan if you\u2019re serving a prison sentence but your partner might be able to claim instead.

    ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s name may not have to be on the mortgage to be able to claim.

    ", + "

    Getting an SMI loan while on remand

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single and on remand, you may be able to continue getting SMI loan payments if you meet the eligibility conditions.

    ", + "

    You cannot get an SMI loan or Income Support if you\u2019re part of a couple and on remand, but your partner can claim benefit and housing costs.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on remand, you must be getting Pension Credit or Income Support to get an SMI loan.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply for one of these benefits if you\u2019ve previously qualified for SMI by getting Income-based Job Seeker\u2019s Allowance or Employment and Support allowance.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only be able to get SMI loan payments - you will not be paid Pension Credit or Income Support.

    ", + "

    If you get Income Support and have accepted an offer of an SMI loan, you can only get loan payments after you\u2019ve been receiving the benefit for 39 consecutive weeks.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/benefit-cap": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/benefit-cap", + "title": "Benefit cap", + "content": "## Benefits affected by the cap\n\nThe benefit cap is a limit on the total amount of benefit you can get. It applies to most people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThe benefit cap affects:\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Bereavement Allowance\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Incapacity Benefit\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Maternity Allowance\n\n- Severe Disablement Allowance\n\n- Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance (or Widowed Mother\u2019s Allowance or Widow\u2019s Pension if you started getting it before 9 April 2001)\n\nYou might not be affected by the benefit cap if you get certain benefits or you\u2019re over State Pension age.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming Universal Credit the benefit cap might not start for 9 months, depending on your earnings.\n\n## When you're not affected\n\nYou\u2019re not affected by the cap if you\u2019re over State Pension age. If you\u2019re part of a couple and one of you is under State Pension age, the cap may apply.\n\nYou\u2019re not affected by the cap if you or your partner:\n\n- get Working Tax Credit (even if the amount you get is \u00a30)\n\n- get Universal Credit because of a disability or health condition that stops you from working (this is called \u2018limited capability for work and work-related activity\u2019)\n\n- get Universal Credit because you care for someone with a disability\n\n- get Universal Credit and you and your partner earn \u00a3617 or more a month combined, after tax and National Insurance contributions\n\nYou\u2019re also not affected by the cap if you, your partner or any children under 18 living with you gets:\n\n- Armed Forces Compensation Scheme\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Disability Living Allowance (DLA)\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (if you get the support component)\n\n- Guardian\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Industrial Injuries Benefits (and equivalent payments as part of a War Disablement Pension or the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme)\n\n- Personal Independence Payment (PIP)\n\n- War pensions\n\n- War Widow\u2019s or War Widower\u2019s Pension\n\nIf you are affected, the benefit cap might not start for 9 months - depending on your earnings.\n\n## When the benefit cap affects your Universal Credit payments\n\nThe benefit cap might not affect your Universal Credit payments for up to 9 months. This is called the \u2018grace period\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the grace period if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re claiming Universal Credit because you stopped working or your earnings went down\n\n- you\u2019re now earning less than \u00a3617 a month\n\n- in each of the 12 months before your earnings went down or you stopped working, you earned the same as or more than the earnings threshold (this was \u00a3604 up to 11 April 2021 and is \u00a3617 from 12 April 2021)\n\nYour partner\u2019s earnings will be included when working out how much you earned even if they\u2019re not claiming benefits. If you have separated from your partner, their earnings will be included for the time that you lived with them before you separated.\n\nYou need to report your last 12 months\u2019 earnings when you apply for Universal Credit to get the grace period.\n\nYou will not be affected by the benefit cap if you or your partner get Universal Credit because you have a disability or health condition or because you care for someone with a disability or you earn \u00a3617 or more between you.\n\n## How the 9 month grace period works\n\nIf you\u2019re already claiming Universal Credit, the grace period will start on the first day of the assessment period in which your earnings went below the earnings threshold. The threshold was \u00a3604 up to 11 April 2021 and is \u00a3617 from 12 April 2021.\n\nIf you\u2019re making a new claim for Universal Credit, the grace period starts from either:\n\n- the day after the last day you worked\n\n- the payday when your earnings went below the earnings threshold (this was \u00a3604 up to 11 April 2021 and is \u00a3617 from 12 April 2021)\n\nThe 9 month grace period continues if you stop claiming Universal Credit and then start again.\n\nAfter the 9 month grace period ends, the amount of Universal Credit you get will usually go down. It might not go down if your circumstances change and you are not affected by the benefit cap.\n\n## Help if you're affected by the benefit cap\n\nContact the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) if you\u2019re affected by the benefit cap and you need help.\n\nIf you need help paying your rent or a rent deposit, contact your local council as well. They can check if you\u2019re eligible for a discretionary housing payment, which is not affected by the benefit cap.\n\n## If you get Universal Credit\n\nContact DWP either:\n\n- through the journal in your online account\n\n- by calling the Universal Credit helpline\n\n## If you get any other benefits\n\n## Benefit cap amounts\n\nThe amount you get through the benefit cap depends on whether:\n\n- you live inside or outside Greater London\n\n- you\u2019re single or in a couple\n\n- your children live with you (if you\u2019re single)\n\nIf you\u2019re in a couple but you do not live together, you\u2019ll get the amounts for a single person.\n\nUse the benefit cap calculator to find out how much your benefit might be capped.\n\n## Outside Greater London\n\nThe benefit cap outside Greater London is:\n\n- \u00a3384.62 per week (\u00a320,000 a year) if you\u2019re in a couple\n\n- \u00a3384.62 per week (\u00a320,000 a year) if you\u2019re a single parent and your children live with you\n\n- \u00a3257.69 per week (\u00a313,400 a year) if you\u2019re a single adult\n\n## Inside Greater London\n\nThe benefit cap inside Greater London is:\n\n- \u00a3442.31 per week (\u00a323,000 a year) if you\u2019re in a couple\n\n- \u00a3442.31 per week (\u00a323,000 a year) if you\u2019re a single parent and your children live with you\n\n- \u00a3296.35 per week (\u00a315,410 a year) if you\u2019re a single adult", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Benefits affected by the cap

    ", + "

    The benefit cap is a limit on the total amount of benefit you can get. It applies to most people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    The benefit cap affects:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Bereavement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Maternity Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Severe Disablement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance (or Widowed Mother\u2019s Allowance or Widow\u2019s Pension if you started getting it before 9 April 2001)
    • ", + "

    You might not be affected by the benefit cap if you get certain benefits or you\u2019re over State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming Universal Credit the benefit cap might not start for 9 months, depending on your earnings.

    ", + "

    When you're not affected

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not affected by the cap if you\u2019re over State Pension age. If you\u2019re part of a couple and one of you is under State Pension age, the cap may apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not affected by the cap if you or your partner:

    ", + "
  • get Working Tax Credit (even if the amount you get is \u00a30)
    • ", + "
  • get Universal Credit because of a disability or health condition that stops you from working (this is called \u2018limited capability for work and work-related activity\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • get Universal Credit because you care for someone with a disability
    • ", + "
  • get Universal Credit and you and your partner earn \u00a3617 or more a month combined, after tax and National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re also not affected by the cap if you, your partner or any children under 18 living with you gets:

    ", + "
  • Armed Forces Compensation Scheme
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (if you get the support component)
    • ", + "
  • Guardian\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Benefits (and equivalent payments as part of a War Disablement Pension or the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme)
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • War pensions
    • ", + "
  • War Widow\u2019s or War Widower\u2019s Pension
    • ", + "

    If you are affected, the benefit cap might not start for 9 months - depending on your earnings.

    ", + "

    When the benefit cap affects your Universal Credit payments

    ", + "

    The benefit cap might not affect your Universal Credit payments for up to 9 months. This is called the \u2018grace period\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the grace period if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re claiming Universal Credit because you stopped working or your earnings went down
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re now earning less than \u00a3617 a month
    • ", + "
  • in each of the 12 months before your earnings went down or you stopped working, you earned the same as or more than the earnings threshold (this was \u00a3604 up to 11 April 2021 and is \u00a3617 from 12 April 2021)
    • ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s earnings will be included when working out how much you earned even if they\u2019re not claiming benefits. If you have separated from your partner, their earnings will be included for the time that you lived with them before you separated.

    ", + "

    You need to report your last 12 months\u2019 earnings when you apply for Universal Credit to get the grace period.

    ", + "

    You will not be affected by the benefit cap if you or your partner get Universal Credit because you have a disability or health condition or because you care for someone with a disability or you earn \u00a3617 or more between you.

    ", + "

    How the 9 month grace period works

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already claiming Universal Credit, the grace period will start on the first day of the assessment period in which your earnings went below the earnings threshold. The threshold was \u00a3604 up to 11 April 2021 and is \u00a3617 from 12 April 2021.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making a new claim for Universal Credit, the grace period starts from either:

    ", + "
  • the day after the last day you worked
    • ", + "
  • the payday when your earnings went below the earnings threshold (this was \u00a3604 up to 11 April 2021 and is \u00a3617 from 12 April 2021)
    • ", + "

    The 9 month grace period continues if you stop claiming Universal Credit and then start again.

    ", + "

    After the 9 month grace period ends, the amount of Universal Credit you get will usually go down. It might not go down if your circumstances change and you are not affected by the benefit cap.

    ", + "

    Help if you're affected by the benefit cap

    ", + "

    Contact the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) if you\u2019re affected by the benefit cap and you need help.

    ", + "

    If you need help paying your rent or a rent deposit, contact your local council as well. They can check if you\u2019re eligible for a discretionary housing payment, which is not affected by the benefit cap.

    ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit

    ", + "

    Contact DWP either:

    ", + "
  • through the journal in your online account
    • ", + "
  • by calling the Universal Credit helpline
    • ", + "

    If you get any other benefits

    ", + "

    Benefit cap amounts

    ", + "

    The amount you get through the benefit cap depends on whether:

    ", + "
  • you live inside or outside Greater London
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re single or in a couple
    • ", + "
  • your children live with you (if you\u2019re single)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple but you do not live together, you\u2019ll get the amounts for a single person.

    ", + "

    Use the benefit cap calculator to find out how much your benefit might be capped.

    ", + "

    Outside Greater London

    ", + "

    The benefit cap outside Greater London is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3384.62 per week (\u00a320,000 a year) if you\u2019re in a couple
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3384.62 per week (\u00a320,000 a year) if you\u2019re a single parent and your children live with you
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3257.69 per week (\u00a313,400 a year) if you\u2019re a single adult
    • ", + "

    Inside Greater London

    ", + "

    The benefit cap inside Greater London is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3442.31 per week (\u00a323,000 a year) if you\u2019re in a couple
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3442.31 per week (\u00a323,000 a year) if you\u2019re a single parent and your children live with you
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3296.35 per week (\u00a315,410 a year) if you\u2019re a single adult
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/mandatory-reconsideration": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mandatory-reconsideration", + "title": "Challenge a benefit decision (mandatory reconsideration)", + "content": "## Eligibility\n\nIf you disagree with a decision about benefits, tax credits or child maintenance you can ask for the decision to be looked at again - this is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou can do this if any of the following apply:\n\n- you think the office dealing with your claim has made an error or missed important evidence\n\n- you disagree with the reasons for the decision\n\n- you want to have the decision looked at again\n\nSome decisions cannot be reconsidered. Others can go straight to an appeal. Your original decision letter will say if this applies to you.\n\nYou need to ask for mandatory reconsideration within one month of the date of the decision.\n\n## Benefits this applies to\n\nYou can ask for mandatory reconsideration for benefits including:\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Bereavement Allowance\n\n- Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- child maintenance (sometimes known as \u2018child support\u2019)\n\n- Compensation Recovery Scheme (including NHS recovery claims)\n\n- Diffuse Mesotheliomia Payment Scheme\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- Funeral Expenses Payment\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)\n\n- Maternity Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Personal Independence Payment (PIP)\n\n- Sure Start Maternity Grant\n\n- Universal Credit (including advance payments)\n\n- Winter Fuel Payment\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for Child Benefit, Tax-Free Childcare and 30 hours free childcare, Guardian\u2019s Allowance, tax credits, Housing Benefit and Vaccine Damage Payment.\n\n## How to ask for mandatory reconsideration\n\nContact the benefits office that gave you the decision. You can contact them:\n\n- by phone\n\n- by letter\n\n- by filling in and returning a form\n\nThe contact details are on your decision letter.\n\nYou need to ask for mandatory reconsideration within one month of the date on your decision letter. If you\u2019re writing, the letter or form must arrive by then.\n\nIf you do not have your decision letter, contact the office where you applied for the benefit.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for Child Benefit, Tax-Free Childcare and 30 hours free childcare, Guardian\u2019s Allowance, tax credits, Housing Benefit and Vaccine Damage Payment.\n\n## If you get Universal Credit\n\nIf you get Universal Credit you can use your journal to ask for mandatory reconsideration.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to use your journal, you can ask for mandatory reconsideration in any of the following ways:\n\n- writing to the address on your decision letter\n\n- filling in and returning a form\n\n- calling the Universal Credit helpline\n\n## Before you ask for mandatory reconsideration\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure whether to ask for mandatory reconsideration or what evidence to give, call the benefits office dealing with your claim. They\u2019ll be able to explain the reason for your benefit decision and answer any questions.\n\nYou can still ask for mandatory reconsideration after you\u2019ve spoken to your benefits office.\n\n## If you want an explanation in writing\n\nYou can ask for a written explanation from the benefits office dealing with your claim - known as a \u2018written statement of reasons\u2019.\n\nYou do not need to do this for Personal Independence Payment - your decision letter will include a written statement.\n\nYou can still ask for mandatory reconsideration, but must do this within 14 days of the date on your written statement of reasons.\n\n## Applying after one month\n\nYou can ask for mandatory reconsideration after this but it must be for a good reason, for example if you\u2019ve been in hospital or had a bereavement. You must explain why your request is late.\n\nCall the phone number on your decision letter first.\n\n## What you need to provide\n\nYou need to give:\n\n- the date of the original benefit decision\n\n- your name and address\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\nExplain what part of the decision is wrong and why.\n\n## If you want to send evidence\n\nThis needs to shows why the decision was wrong. It could, for example, be:\n\n- new medical evidence\n\n- reports or care plans from specialists, therapists or nurses\n\n- bank statements or payslips\n\nOnly include evidence you have not already sent.\n\nWrite your full name, date of birth and National Insurance number at the top of each bit of evidence and send it to the benefit office where you applied for your benefit.\n\nYou cannot claim back the cost of any evidence you pay for.\n\nIt will not help your claim to include:\n\n- general information about your condition - for example factsheets, medical certificates or sick notes\n\n- appointment cards or letters about medical appointments, unless you could not claim your benefit because you were at the appointment\n\n- letters about tests that you\u2019re due to have\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure what evidence to send, read the guidance for the request form. You can also call the number on your decision letter.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe benefits office that gave you the original benefit decision will reconsider it - you\u2019ll get a \u2018mandatory reconsideration notice\u2019 telling you whether they\u2019ve changed the decision. It\u2019ll explain the reasons for that decision and the evidence it was based on.\n\nYour benefit may increase, decrease, stop or stay the same following mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## If you disagree with the outcome\n\nYou can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal if you think the decision in the mandatory reconsideration notice is wrong. The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nYou usually need to do this within one month of the date of your mandatory reconsideration notice.\n\nYou cannot appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal until you get your mandatory reconsideration notice.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision about benefits, tax credits or child maintenance you can ask for the decision to be looked at again - this is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You can do this if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you think the office dealing with your claim has made an error or missed important evidence
    • ", + "
  • you disagree with the reasons for the decision
    • ", + "
  • you want to have the decision looked at again
    • ", + "

    Some decisions cannot be reconsidered. Others can go straight to an appeal. Your original decision letter will say if this applies to you.

    ", + "

    You need to ask for mandatory reconsideration within one month of the date of the decision.

    ", + "

    Benefits this applies to

    ", + "

    You can ask for mandatory reconsideration for benefits including:

    ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Bereavement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Credit
    • ", + "
  • child maintenance (sometimes known as \u2018child support\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • Compensation Recovery Scheme (including NHS recovery claims)
    • ", + "
  • Diffuse Mesotheliomia Payment Scheme
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Funeral Expenses Payment
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • Maternity Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • Sure Start Maternity Grant
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit (including advance payments)
    • ", + "
  • Winter Fuel Payment
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for Child Benefit, Tax-Free Childcare and 30 hours free childcare, Guardian\u2019s Allowance, tax credits, Housing Benefit and Vaccine Damage Payment.

    ", + "

    How to ask for mandatory reconsideration

    ", + "

    Contact the benefits office that gave you the decision. You can contact them:

    ", + "
  • by phone
    • ", + "
  • by letter
    • ", + "
  • by filling in and returning a form
    • ", + "

    The contact details are on your decision letter.

    ", + "

    You need to ask for mandatory reconsideration within one month of the date on your decision letter. If you\u2019re writing, the letter or form must arrive by then.

    ", + "

    If you do not have your decision letter, contact the office where you applied for the benefit.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for Child Benefit, Tax-Free Childcare and 30 hours free childcare, Guardian\u2019s Allowance, tax credits, Housing Benefit and Vaccine Damage Payment.

    ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit

    ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit you can use your journal to ask for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to use your journal, you can ask for mandatory reconsideration in any of the following ways:

    ", + "
  • writing to the address on your decision letter
    • ", + "
  • filling in and returning a form
    • ", + "
  • calling the Universal Credit helpline
    • ", + "

    Before you ask for mandatory reconsideration

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure whether to ask for mandatory reconsideration or what evidence to give, call the benefits office dealing with your claim. They\u2019ll be able to explain the reason for your benefit decision and answer any questions.

    ", + "

    You can still ask for mandatory reconsideration after you\u2019ve spoken to your benefits office.

    ", + "

    If you want an explanation in writing

    ", + "

    You can ask for a written explanation from the benefits office dealing with your claim - known as a \u2018written statement of reasons\u2019.

    ", + "

    You do not need to do this for Personal Independence Payment - your decision letter will include a written statement.

    ", + "

    You can still ask for mandatory reconsideration, but must do this within 14 days of the date on your written statement of reasons.

    ", + "

    Applying after one month

    ", + "

    You can ask for mandatory reconsideration after this but it must be for a good reason, for example if you\u2019ve been in hospital or had a bereavement. You must explain why your request is late.

    ", + "

    Call the phone number on your decision letter first.

    ", + "

    What you need to provide

    ", + "

    You need to give:

    ", + "
  • the date of the original benefit decision
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "

    Explain what part of the decision is wrong and why.

    ", + "

    If you want to send evidence

    ", + "

    This needs to shows why the decision was wrong. It could, for example, be:

    ", + "
  • new medical evidence
    • ", + "
  • reports or care plans from specialists, therapists or nurses
    • ", + "
  • bank statements or payslips
    • ", + "

    Only include evidence you have not already sent.

    ", + "

    Write your full name, date of birth and National Insurance number at the top of each bit of evidence and send it to the benefit office where you applied for your benefit.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim back the cost of any evidence you pay for.

    ", + "

    It will not help your claim to include:

    ", + "
  • general information about your condition - for example factsheets, medical certificates or sick notes
    • ", + "
  • appointment cards or letters about medical appointments, unless you could not claim your benefit because you were at the appointment
    • ", + "
  • letters about tests that you\u2019re due to have
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure what evidence to send, read the guidance for the request form. You can also call the number on your decision letter.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The benefits office that gave you the original benefit decision will reconsider it - you\u2019ll get a \u2018mandatory reconsideration notice\u2019 telling you whether they\u2019ve changed the decision. It\u2019ll explain the reasons for that decision and the evidence it was based on.

    ", + "

    Your benefit may increase, decrease, stop or stay the same following mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the outcome

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal if you think the decision in the mandatory reconsideration notice is wrong. The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    You usually need to do this within one month of the date of your mandatory reconsideration notice.

    ", + "

    You cannot appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal until you get your mandatory reconsideration notice.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-benefit-decision": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-benefit-decision", + "title": "Appeal a benefit decision", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can appeal a decision about your entitlement to benefits, for example Personal Independence Payment (PIP), Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) and Universal Credit.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nAppeals are decided by the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal. The tribunal is impartial and independent of government. The tribunal will listen to both sides before making a decision.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBefore you appeal you must usually ask for the decision about your benefits to be looked at again - this is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\nIf you do not need to do this, your decision letter will say that you can appeal straight away. The letter will explain why you do not need a mandatory reconsideration - include this when you submit your appeal.\n\nAppeal to the tribunal within one month of getting your mandatory reconsideration decision. If you start your appeal after a month you\u2019ll have to explain why you did not do it earlier. Your appeal might not be accepted.\n\nAfter you submit your appeal, you can provide evidence to the tribunal. Your appeal will be decided at a tribunal hearing.\n\n## Benefit decisions you can appeal\n\nYou can appeal a decision about:\n\n- 30 hours free childcare scheme\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Bereavement Support Payment\n\n- Budgeting Loans\n\n- Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- Cold Weather Payment\n\n- Compensation Recovery Unit\n\n- Contracted Out Employment Group\n\n- Disability Living Allowance (DLA)\n\n- Disability Working Allowance\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- Funeral Expenses Payment\n\n- Health in Pregnancy Grant\n\n- Home Responsibilities Protection\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Incapacity Benefit\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Industrial Death Benefit\n\n- Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Maternity Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Personal Independence Payment (PIP)\n\n- Retirement Pension\n\n- Severe Disablement Allowance\n\n- Sure Start Maternity Grant\n\n- Tax credits\n\n- Tax-Free Childcare\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Winter Fuel Payment\n\nCheck any letters you\u2019ve received about your benefit if you do not know the exact name.\n\n## Submit your appeal\n\nYou can appeal a decision about your entitlement to benefits, for example Personal Independence Payment (PIP), Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or Universal Credit.\n\nYou must ask for the decision about your benefits to be looked at again before you can appeal, unless your decision letter says you do not need a \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- the details of the representative helping with your appeal (if you\u2019re using one)\n\n- your mandatory reconsideration notice - you get this after you ask for the benefit decision to be looked at again\n\nIf you do not need a mandatory reconsideration your decision letter will say why. Include this explanation when you submit your appeal.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to choose whether you want to go to the tribunal hearing to explain your appeal in person. If you do not attend, your appeal will be decided on your appeal form and any supporting evidence you provide.\n\nStart now\n\nYou can only access the service\u2019s web chat if you\u2019re using Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox or Safari. You can access everything else in the service using any browser.\n\n## Continue with an existing appeal\n\nSign in to continue with your saved benefit appeal application.\n\n## Appealing by post\n\nUse form SSCS1 to appeal a Universal Credit, ESA or PIP decision by post.\n\n## Help with your appeal\n\nYou can appoint someone as a \u2018representative\u2019 to help you with your appeal. A representative can:\n\n- help you submit your appeal or prepare your evidence\n\n- act on your behalf\n\n- give you advice\n\nAnyone can be a representative, including friends and family.\n\nYou might also be able to find a representative through a library or from an organisation in your area that gives advice on claiming benefits, such as Citizens Advice.\n\nYour representative will have permission to act on your behalf, for example to respond to letters. They\u2019ll be sent all the information about your appeal, including any medical evidence.\n\nTo register a representative, you can either:\n\n- name your representative when you submit your appeal\n\n- register a representative at any point after you submit your appeal\n\nWrite to HMCTS Benefit Appeals to register a representative after you submit your appeal.\n\nContact the benefit appeals helpline if you need more help submitting an appeal.\n\n## After you submit your appeal\n\nYour appeal will be sent to the department that made the decision about your entitlement to benefits. They\u2019ll respond to your appeal explaining why they made the decision.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a copy of the response.\n\n## Providing evidence\n\nYou can provide evidence to help the tribunal understand your condition or circumstances so they can make a decision. Evidence can include a letter from a doctor or someone who knows you.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told where to send your evidence after you submit your appeal. Send it as soon as you can so the tribunal have time to read it before the hearing.\n\n## The hearing\n\nYour appeal is decided at a tribunal hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the decision by post after the hearing. You may get a decision on the day if you go to the hearing.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt usually takes up to 6 months for an appeal to be heard by the tribunal.\n\nYour appeal might be delayed unless you:\n\n- send any evidence as soon as you can before the hearing\n\n- arrive at the hearing on time (if you\u2019re attending)\n\n- register your representative as soon as you can (if you\u2019re using one)\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nSubmit any evidence as soon as possible before the hearing so the tribunal have time to read it. Evidence will usually be shared with all parties, including your representative (if you\u2019re using one).\n\nA judge and one or two experts will make a decision about the case. Who the experts are depends on what benefit you\u2019re appealing. The judge and experts are impartial and independent of government.\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008.\n\n## If you attend the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll have to the opportunity to explain your appeal.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked questions about your condition or circumstances by the judge or the experts.\n\nThe department that made the original decision may also be at the hearing. They may ask questions, but they\u2019re not part of the tribunal and do not decide the result of the appeal.\n\nYou can get support during the hearing, for example an interpreter, hearing loop or accessible tribunal room. You can request support when you make an appeal.\n\nYou cannot use your own interpreter during the hearing.\n\n## Claiming expenses\n\nYou may be able to claim for reasonable expenses for going to the tribunal, for example:\n\n- travel expenses to cover your fare if you get there using public transport\n\n- travel expenses of 12p per mile if you drive, plus 2p per mile for up to 2 passengers\n\n- meals - \u00a34.25 if you\u2019re away for more than 5 hours, \u00a39.30 for more than 10 hours or \u00a313.55 for more than 12 hours\n\n- loss of earnings - \u00a338.96 if you\u2019re away from work for up to 4 hours or \u00a375.59 for 4 hours or more\n\n- care expenses up to the National Minimum Wage, for example for a childminder\n\nThe clerk will help you fill in a claim form when you go to the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include proof, for example:\n\n- receipts\n\n- a letter from your employer for loss of earnings\n\n## If you're unhappy with the tribunal's decision\n\nYou may be able to:\n\n- get a decision cancelled (\u2018set aside\u2019)\n\n- appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber)\n\nYour decision letter has more information.\n\n## Get a decision set aside\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to get a decision \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled) if you think there\u2019s been a mistake in the process. Contact Citizens Advice if you need help.\n\n## Appeal to the Upper Tribunal Administrative Appeals Chamber\n\nYou can only appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, for example, if the tribunal did not:\n\n- give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts\n\n- apply the law properly\n\nYou may be able to get legal aid when you appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) - this can help pay for legal advice.\n\nContact Citizens Advice if you need help.\n\nYou must then follow 3 steps.\n\n- Ask the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal for full written reasons (known as a \u2018statement of reasons\u2019) within one month of the date of the decision. The decision letter will tell you how to do this.\n\n- Ask the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber).\n\n- If the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal refuses, ask the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) for permission to appeal.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal a decision about your entitlement to benefits, for example Personal Independence Payment (PIP), Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) and Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Appeals are decided by the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal. The tribunal is impartial and independent of government. The tribunal will listen to both sides before making a decision.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Before you appeal you must usually ask for the decision about your benefits to be looked at again - this is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you do not need to do this, your decision letter will say that you can appeal straight away. The letter will explain why you do not need a mandatory reconsideration - include this when you submit your appeal.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the tribunal within one month of getting your mandatory reconsideration decision. If you start your appeal after a month you\u2019ll have to explain why you did not do it earlier. Your appeal might not be accepted.

    ", + "

    After you submit your appeal, you can provide evidence to the tribunal. Your appeal will be decided at a tribunal hearing.

    ", + "

    Benefit decisions you can appeal

    ", + "

    You can appeal a decision about:

    ", + "
  • 30 hours free childcare scheme
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Bereavement Support Payment
    • ", + "
  • Budgeting Loans
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Cold Weather Payment
    • ", + "
  • Compensation Recovery Unit
    • ", + "
  • Contracted Out Employment Group
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • Disability Working Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Funeral Expenses Payment
    • ", + "
  • Health in Pregnancy Grant
    • ", + "
  • Home Responsibilities Protection
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Death Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Maternity Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • Retirement Pension
    • ", + "
  • Severe Disablement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Sure Start Maternity Grant
    • ", + "
  • Tax credits
    • ", + "
  • Tax-Free Childcare
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Winter Fuel Payment
    • ", + "

    Check any letters you\u2019ve received about your benefit if you do not know the exact name.

    ", + "

    Submit your appeal

    ", + "

    You can appeal a decision about your entitlement to benefits, for example Personal Independence Payment (PIP), Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    You must ask for the decision about your benefits to be looked at again before you can appeal, unless your decision letter says you do not need a \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • the details of the representative helping with your appeal (if you\u2019re using one)
    • ", + "
  • your mandatory reconsideration notice - you get this after you ask for the benefit decision to be looked at again
    • ", + "

    If you do not need a mandatory reconsideration your decision letter will say why. Include this explanation when you submit your appeal.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to choose whether you want to go to the tribunal hearing to explain your appeal in person. If you do not attend, your appeal will be decided on your appeal form and any supporting evidence you provide.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You can only access the service\u2019s web chat if you\u2019re using Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox or Safari. You can access everything else in the service using any browser.

    ", + "

    Continue with an existing appeal

    ", + "

    Sign in to continue with your saved benefit appeal application.

    ", + "

    Appealing by post

    ", + "

    Use form SSCS1 to appeal a Universal Credit, ESA or PIP decision by post.

    ", + "

    Help with your appeal

    ", + "

    You can appoint someone as a \u2018representative\u2019 to help you with your appeal. A representative can:

    ", + "
  • help you submit your appeal or prepare your evidence
    • ", + "
  • act on your behalf
    • ", + "
  • give you advice
    • ", + "

    Anyone can be a representative, including friends and family.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to find a representative through a library or from an organisation in your area that gives advice on claiming benefits, such as Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    Your representative will have permission to act on your behalf, for example to respond to letters. They\u2019ll be sent all the information about your appeal, including any medical evidence.

    ", + "

    To register a representative, you can either:

    ", + "
  • name your representative when you submit your appeal
    • ", + "
  • register a representative at any point after you submit your appeal
    • ", + "

    Write to HMCTS Benefit Appeals to register a representative after you submit your appeal.

    ", + "

    Contact the benefit appeals helpline if you need more help submitting an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you submit your appeal

    ", + "

    Your appeal will be sent to the department that made the decision about your entitlement to benefits. They\u2019ll respond to your appeal explaining why they made the decision.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a copy of the response.

    ", + "

    Providing evidence

    ", + "

    You can provide evidence to help the tribunal understand your condition or circumstances so they can make a decision. Evidence can include a letter from a doctor or someone who knows you.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told where to send your evidence after you submit your appeal. Send it as soon as you can so the tribunal have time to read it before the hearing.

    ", + "

    The hearing

    ", + "

    Your appeal is decided at a tribunal hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the decision by post after the hearing. You may get a decision on the day if you go to the hearing.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    It usually takes up to 6 months for an appeal to be heard by the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Your appeal might be delayed unless you:

    ", + "
  • send any evidence as soon as you can before the hearing
    • ", + "
  • arrive at the hearing on time (if you\u2019re attending)
    • ", + "
  • register your representative as soon as you can (if you\u2019re using one)
    • ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    Submit any evidence as soon as possible before the hearing so the tribunal have time to read it. Evidence will usually be shared with all parties, including your representative (if you\u2019re using one).

    ", + "

    A judge and one or two experts will make a decision about the case. Who the experts are depends on what benefit you\u2019re appealing. The judge and experts are impartial and independent of government.

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008.

    ", + "

    If you attend the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to the opportunity to explain your appeal.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked questions about your condition or circumstances by the judge or the experts.

    ", + "

    The department that made the original decision may also be at the hearing. They may ask questions, but they\u2019re not part of the tribunal and do not decide the result of the appeal.

    ", + "

    You can get support during the hearing, for example an interpreter, hearing loop or accessible tribunal room. You can request support when you make an appeal.

    ", + "

    You cannot use your own interpreter during the hearing.

    ", + "

    Claiming expenses

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim for reasonable expenses for going to the tribunal, for example:

    ", + "
  • travel expenses to cover your fare if you get there using public transport
    • ", + "
  • travel expenses of 12p per mile if you drive, plus 2p per mile for up to 2 passengers
    • ", + "
  • meals - \u00a34.25 if you\u2019re away for more than 5 hours, \u00a39.30 for more than 10 hours or \u00a313.55 for more than 12 hours
    • ", + "
  • loss of earnings - \u00a338.96 if you\u2019re away from work for up to 4 hours or \u00a375.59 for 4 hours or more
    • ", + "
  • care expenses up to the National Minimum Wage, for example for a childminder
    • ", + "

    The clerk will help you fill in a claim form when you go to the hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include proof, for example:

    ", + "
  • receipts
    • ", + "
  • a letter from your employer for loss of earnings
    • ", + "

    If you're unhappy with the tribunal's decision

    ", + "

    You may be able to:

    ", + "
  • get a decision cancelled (\u2018set aside\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber)
    • ", + "

    Your decision letter has more information.

    ", + "

    Get a decision set aside

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to get a decision \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled) if you think there\u2019s been a mistake in the process. Contact Citizens Advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the Upper Tribunal Administrative Appeals Chamber

    ", + "

    You can only appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, for example, if the tribunal did not:

    ", + "
  • give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts
    • ", + "
  • apply the law properly
    • ", + "

    You may be able to get legal aid when you appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) - this can help pay for legal advice.

    ", + "

    Contact Citizens Advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    You must then follow 3 steps.

    ", + "
  • Ask the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal for full written reasons (known as a \u2018statement of reasons\u2019) within one month of the date of the decision. The decision letter will tell you how to do this.
    • ", + "
  • Ask the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber).
    • ", + "
  • If the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal refuses, ask the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) for permission to appeal.
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-appeals-complaints": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-appeals-complaints", + "title": "Tax credits: appeals and complaints", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can:\n\n- dispute an overpayment decision if you\u2019ve been asked to pay back tax credits\n\n- disagree with a tax credits decision if you think your tax credits are wrong\n\n- complain if you think you\u2019ve been treated unfairly\n\nCall the helpline first if you think HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) made a mistake.\n\n## Dispute a tax credits overpayment\n\nYou can be overpaid tax credits even if you told HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about a change of circumstances on time. You\u2019ll normally have to repay these.\n\nDisputes are usually only successful if HMRC made a mistake.\n\nFewer than 1 in 10 tax credit disputes are successful.\n\n## How to dispute\n\nTell HMRC online or by post.\n\nYou can do this even if you\u2019re no longer getting tax credits.\n\nHMRC will continue to reclaim overpayments while they review your dispute.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nSend your dispute form within 3 months of either:\n\n- the date on the first letter, statement or notice you received telling you that you\u2019ve been overpaid\n\n- the \u2018decision date\u2019 on your Annual Review notice\n\nYou can only send it after the deadline in exceptional circumstances, for example you were in hospital for the 3 months.\n\nIf you\u2019ve requested a \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019, you need to send your dispute form within 3 months of getting a reconsideration decision.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll get a dispute decision letter telling you:\n\n- if you have to repay the tax credits\n\n- how much you have to repay\n\n- the reasons for the decision\n\n## If you do not agree with the decision\n\nYou can:\n\n- send HMRC new information\n\n- ask them to review the information you sent\n\nYou need to do this within 30 days of getting your dispute decision letter unless there are exceptional circumstances, for example you were in hospital.\n\nYou can only ask for the decision to be reviewed once.\n\nHMRC will continue to reclaim overpayments while they review your information.\n\nYou can contact an organisation like Citizens Advice if you have not got any new information and you\u2019re still unhappy.\n\n## Disagree with a tax credits decision\n\nCall HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think your tax credits are wrong. They can check your award and may be able to change it if it\u2019s wrong.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way of disagreeing with an overpayment decision.\n\n## If they do not change it or you still think it\u2019s wrong\n\nYou can ask for the decision to be reconsidered by filling in a WTC/AP form. This process is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019. You can fill in the form online or print it and send it to HMRC.\n\nYou need to do this within 30 days of getting your award notice unless there are exceptional circumstances, for example you were in hospital.\n\n## If you disagree with the result\n\nIf you\u2019re in England, Scotland or Wales you can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland appeal to the Appeals Service Northern Ireland.\n\n## Complain about tax credits\n\nYou can complain about things like unreasonable delays or the way you\u2019ve been treated.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you think your tax credits are wrong or you want to dispute a tax credits overpayment.\n\n## How to complain\n\nYou can:\n\n- complain online\n\n- call or write (telephone complaints are usually dealt with faster)\n\nTo complain online, you need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you complain.\n\nYou can call or write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). If you write, include:\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- your full name, address and telephone number\n\n- details of what happened and when\n\n- how you\u2019d like your complaint settled\n\n- the word \u2018Complaint\u2019 at the top of your letter\n\n## If you do not agree with the response\n\nAsk HMRC to review their response and send you a final decision.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the final decision, you can contact the Independent Adjudicator.\n\nYou may be able to claim costs (for example for postage or phone calls) if HMRC admits they made a mistake. Ask them for details.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • dispute an overpayment decision if you\u2019ve been asked to pay back tax credits
    • ", + "
  • disagree with a tax credits decision if you think your tax credits are wrong
    • ", + "
  • complain if you think you\u2019ve been treated unfairly
    • ", + "

    Call the helpline first if you think HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) made a mistake.

    ", + "

    Dispute a tax credits overpayment

    ", + "

    You can be overpaid tax credits even if you told HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about a change of circumstances on time. You\u2019ll normally have to repay these.

    ", + "

    Disputes are usually only successful if HMRC made a mistake.

    ", + "

    Fewer than 1 in 10 tax credit disputes are successful.

    ", + "

    How to dispute

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC online or by post.

    ", + "

    You can do this even if you\u2019re no longer getting tax credits.

    ", + "

    HMRC will continue to reclaim overpayments while they review your dispute.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    Send your dispute form within 3 months of either:

    ", + "
  • the date on the first letter, statement or notice you received telling you that you\u2019ve been overpaid
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018decision date\u2019 on your Annual Review notice
    • ", + "

    You can only send it after the deadline in exceptional circumstances, for example you were in hospital for the 3 months.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve requested a \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019, you need to send your dispute form within 3 months of getting a reconsideration decision.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a dispute decision letter telling you:

    ", + "
  • if you have to repay the tax credits
    • ", + "
  • how much you have to repay
    • ", + "
  • the reasons for the decision
    • ", + "

    If you do not agree with the decision

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • send HMRC new information
    • ", + "
  • ask them to review the information you sent
    • ", + "

    You need to do this within 30 days of getting your dispute decision letter unless there are exceptional circumstances, for example you were in hospital.

    ", + "

    You can only ask for the decision to be reviewed once.

    ", + "

    HMRC will continue to reclaim overpayments while they review your information.

    ", + "

    You can contact an organisation like Citizens Advice if you have not got any new information and you\u2019re still unhappy.

    ", + "

    Disagree with a tax credits decision

    ", + "

    Call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think your tax credits are wrong. They can check your award and may be able to change it if it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way of disagreeing with an overpayment decision.

    ", + "

    If they do not change it or you still think it\u2019s wrong

    ", + "

    You can ask for the decision to be reconsidered by filling in a WTC/AP form. This process is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019. You can fill in the form online or print it and send it to HMRC.

    ", + "

    You need to do this within 30 days of getting your award notice unless there are exceptional circumstances, for example you were in hospital.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the result

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in England, Scotland or Wales you can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland appeal to the Appeals Service Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Complain about tax credits

    ", + "

    You can complain about things like unreasonable delays or the way you\u2019ve been treated.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you think your tax credits are wrong or you want to dispute a tax credits overpayment.

    ", + "

    How to complain

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • complain online
    • ", + "
  • call or write (telephone complaints are usually dealt with faster)
    • ", + "

    To complain online, you need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you complain.

    ", + "

    You can call or write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). If you write, include:

    ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • your full name, address and telephone number
    • ", + "
  • details of what happened and when
    • ", + "
  • how you\u2019d like your complaint settled
    • ", + "
  • the word \u2018Complaint\u2019 at the top of your letter
    • ", + "

    If you do not agree with the response

    ", + "

    Ask HMRC to review their response and send you a final decision.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the final decision, you can contact the Independent Adjudicator.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim costs (for example for postage or phone calls) if HMRC admits they made a mistake. Ask them for details.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/benefit-overpayments": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/benefit-overpayments", + "title": "Benefit overpayments", + "content": "## Overview\n\nTell the office dealing with your benefit straight away if:\n\n- you think you\u2019re being overpaid\n\n- your circumstances change\n\nYou may have to pay back the benefit if you\u2019ve been overpaid.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for tax credits overpayment.\n\nYou may be prosecuted for benefit fraud or have to pay a penalty if you do not tell benefit providers about overpayments.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## If you\u2019ve been overpaid Universal Credit\n\nYou can report an overpayment by signing into your Universal Credit account or calling the Universal Credit helpline.\n\n## When the benefit office will contact you\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter to let you know that you\u2019ve been overpaid.\n\nIf you think it\u2019s a mistake you can ask for mandatory reconsideration within one month of receiving the letter.\n\n## Housing Benefit paid directly to your landlord\n\nYour landlord may be asked to repay the money if they\u2019re responsible for an overpayment. You may have to repay if it was your fault.\n\n## When repayments have to be made\n\nYou may have to pay the money back if you\u2019ve been overpaid. For example, if:\n\n- the information you gave was wrong\n\n- you did not report a change in your circumstances straight away\n\n- you gave the wrong information when you reported a change of circumstances\n\n- a mistake was made with your payment\n\nFind out how to make repayments.\n\nThere\u2019s a different system if the person overpaid has died.\n\n## Repayments when someone has died\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) can recover benefit overpayments from a person\u2019s estate.\n\nAn overpayment could have happened because, for example, the person who died:\n\n- had more savings than they declared in their benefit claim\n\n- had not declared an income\n\n- was in hospital or a nursing home and had not told DWP\n\nIf you\u2019re dealing with the estate, DWP will write to you once probate has been granted to ask for the information they need.\n\nYou should not distribute the estate until you know what needs to be repaid. If you do, you may have to pay back the money yourself.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to provide information to help work out if anything needs to be repaid.\n\nYou may need bank statements, building society passbooks or other information about the dead person\u2019s assets.\n\nIf you do not provide the information asked for, the overpayment will be calculated based on the probate figure before any deductions (that is, the whole estate).\n\n## If there has been an overpayment\n\nDWP will write to you asking for the money back from the estate. They will tell you how any overpayment has been worked out and explain why it happened. They will also tell you how to pay.\n\nIf you need to discuss your payment, or setting up a repayment plan, call DWP\u2019s Debt Management Recovery from Estates. The number is on the letter.\n\nYou can also write to them:\n\n## If you\u2019re in England and Wales\n\n## If you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact the Department for Communities Debt Management service.\n\n## If you disagree with the overpayment decision\n\nIf you disagree with the overpayment decision, you can ask for the decision to be looked at again - this is called a \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\nYou can do this if you:\n\n- think DWP made an error or missed important evidence\n\n- disagree with the reasons for the decision\n\n- want to have the decision looked at again\n\n## Payments made after death\n\nIf the overpayment happened because the payment arrived before DWP were told about the death, DWP Debt Management will contact:\n\n- the deceased\u2019s next of kin\n\n- the bank the benefit was paid in to\n\n- whoever is handling the estate\n\n## How to make a repayment\n\nHow you pay back the overpayment depends on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re making repayments for the first time or restarting them\n\n- whether you still receive benefits\n\n## Start making repayments if you\u2019re still receiving benefits\n\nIf you\u2019re still receiving benefits, the regular amount you get will be reduced until you\u2019ve paid back the money.\n\nContact the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) Debt Management contact centre if you think too much has been taken for a repayment.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact the Department for Communities Debt Management service.\n\n## Start making repayments if you no longer receive benefits\n\nIf you no longer receive benefits, you need to pay back the overpayment to DWP Debt Management. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you how much you need to repay.\n\nIf you cannot pay the debt in full, contact DWP Debt Management to arrange a payment plan.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact the Department for Communities Debt Management service.\n\n## Online banking\n\nUse DWP\u2019s bank account details to pay, quoting the reference number shown on your letter or your National Insurance number.\n\n| Account name | Sort code | Account number |\n\n| DWP Debt Management | 60 70 80 | 10025634 |\n\n## Overseas accounts\n\nUse the following details if you\u2019re paying from an overseas account.\n\n| Account name | IBAN | BIC |\n\n| DWP Debt Management | GB30NWBK60708010025634 | NWBKGB2L |\n\n## Direct Debit, card, cheques and cash\n\nContact the DWP Debt Management contact centre to:\n\n- set up monthly repayments by Direct Debit\n\n- make a payment using a debit card\n\n- request a paying-in slip for cheque or cash payments\n\n## If you do not pay back the money\n\nIf you do not pay back the money or contact the DWP Debt Management contact centre, they may pass your case to an independent debt collector.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter to tell you about this.\n\nIf your case is passed to a debt collector, the letter will be from one of the following debt collection agencies:\n\n- Advantis\n\n- BPO Collections\n\n- CCS Collect\n\n- Moorcroft\n\n- Past Due Credit\n\n- Resolve Call\n\n- Shakespeare Martineau\n\nYou should deal directly with the debt collector to arrange repayment.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Tell the office dealing with your benefit straight away if:

    ", + "
  • you think you\u2019re being overpaid
    • ", + "
  • your circumstances change
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay back the benefit if you\u2019ve been overpaid.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for tax credits overpayment.

    ", + "

    You may be prosecuted for benefit fraud or have to pay a penalty if you do not tell benefit providers about overpayments.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been overpaid Universal Credit

    ", + "

    You can report an overpayment by signing into your Universal Credit account or calling the Universal Credit helpline.

    ", + "

    When the benefit office will contact you

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter to let you know that you\u2019ve been overpaid.

    ", + "

    If you think it\u2019s a mistake you can ask for mandatory reconsideration within one month of receiving the letter.

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit paid directly to your landlord

    ", + "

    Your landlord may be asked to repay the money if they\u2019re responsible for an overpayment. You may have to repay if it was your fault.

    ", + "

    When repayments have to be made

    ", + "

    You may have to pay the money back if you\u2019ve been overpaid. For example, if:

    ", + "
  • the information you gave was wrong
    • ", + "
  • you did not report a change in your circumstances straight away
    • ", + "
  • you gave the wrong information when you reported a change of circumstances
    • ", + "
  • a mistake was made with your payment
    • ", + "

    Find out how to make repayments.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different system if the person overpaid has died.

    ", + "

    Repayments when someone has died

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) can recover benefit overpayments from a person\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    An overpayment could have happened because, for example, the person who died:

    ", + "
  • had more savings than they declared in their benefit claim
    • ", + "
  • had not declared an income
    • ", + "
  • was in hospital or a nursing home and had not told DWP
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re dealing with the estate, DWP will write to you once probate has been granted to ask for the information they need.

    ", + "

    You should not distribute the estate until you know what needs to be repaid. If you do, you may have to pay back the money yourself.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to provide information to help work out if anything needs to be repaid.

    ", + "

    You may need bank statements, building society passbooks or other information about the dead person\u2019s assets.

    ", + "

    If you do not provide the information asked for, the overpayment will be calculated based on the probate figure before any deductions (that is, the whole estate).

    ", + "

    If there has been an overpayment

    ", + "

    DWP will write to you asking for the money back from the estate. They will tell you how any overpayment has been worked out and explain why it happened. They will also tell you how to pay.

    ", + "

    If you need to discuss your payment, or setting up a repayment plan, call DWP\u2019s Debt Management Recovery from Estates. The number is on the letter.

    ", + "

    You can also write to them:

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in England and Wales

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Scotland

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact the Department for Communities Debt Management service.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the overpayment decision

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the overpayment decision, you can ask for the decision to be looked at again - this is called a \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can do this if you:

    ", + "
  • think DWP made an error or missed important evidence
    • ", + "
  • disagree with the reasons for the decision
    • ", + "
  • want to have the decision looked at again
    • ", + "

    Payments made after death

    ", + "

    If the overpayment happened because the payment arrived before DWP were told about the death, DWP Debt Management will contact:

    ", + "
  • the deceased\u2019s next of kin
    • ", + "
  • the bank the benefit was paid in to
    • ", + "
  • whoever is handling the estate
    • ", + "

    How to make a repayment

    ", + "

    How you pay back the overpayment depends on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re making repayments for the first time or restarting them
    • ", + "
  • whether you still receive benefits
    • ", + "

    Start making repayments if you\u2019re still receiving benefits

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re still receiving benefits, the regular amount you get will be reduced until you\u2019ve paid back the money.

    ", + "

    Contact the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) Debt Management contact centre if you think too much has been taken for a repayment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact the Department for Communities Debt Management service.

    ", + "

    Start making repayments if you no longer receive benefits

    ", + "

    If you no longer receive benefits, you need to pay back the overpayment to DWP Debt Management. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you how much you need to repay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay the debt in full, contact DWP Debt Management to arrange a payment plan.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact the Department for Communities Debt Management service.

    ", + "

    Online banking

    ", + "

    Use DWP\u2019s bank account details to pay, quoting the reference number shown on your letter or your National Insurance number.

    ", + "Account name | Sort code | Account number", + "DWP Debt Management | 60 70 80 | 10025634", + "

    Overseas accounts

    ", + "

    Use the following details if you\u2019re paying from an overseas account.

    ", + "Account name | IBAN | BIC", + "DWP Debt Management | GB30NWBK60708010025634 | NWBKGB2L", + "

    Direct Debit, card, cheques and cash

    ", + "

    Contact the DWP Debt Management contact centre to:

    ", + "
  • set up monthly repayments by Direct Debit
    • ", + "
  • make a payment using a debit card
    • ", + "
  • request a paying-in slip for cheque or cash payments
    • ", + "

    If you do not pay back the money

    ", + "

    If you do not pay back the money or contact the DWP Debt Management contact centre, they may pass your case to an independent debt collector.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter to tell you about this.

    ", + "

    If your case is passed to a debt collector, the letter will be from one of the following debt collection agencies:

    ", + "
  • Advantis
    • ", + "
  • BPO Collections
    • ", + "
  • CCS Collect
    • ", + "
  • Moorcroft
    • ", + "
  • Past Due Credit
    • ", + "
  • Resolve Call
    • ", + "
  • Shakespeare Martineau
    • ", + "

    You should deal directly with the debt collector to arrange repayment.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-overpayments": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-overpayments", + "title": "Tax credits overpayments", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou might be overpaid tax credits if:\n\n- there\u2019s a change in your circumstances - even if you report the change on time\n\n- you or the Tax Credit Office make a mistake\n\n- you do not renew your tax credits on time\n\nThe Tax Credit Office will write to tell you what you owe and how to repay the money. If you think they made a mistake, call the helpline.\n\nIf you still get tax credits or are now getting Universal Credit, the money you owe will usually be taken from your future payments.\n\nIf you no longer get tax credits and you do not get Universal Credit, you\u2019ll have to pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) directly. The money may be recovered from you in another way if you do not repay HMRC in time.\n\n## How to repay your tax credits\n\nThe Tax Credit Office will write to tell you what you owe and how to repay.\n\nHow you repay depends on whether you still get tax credits, Universal Credit or neither.\n\nCall the helpline if you:\n\n- think the Tax Credit Office made a mistake\n\n- already have a repayment plan but you get another letter - you may need to set up a new plan\n\n## If you still get tax credits\n\nHMRC will automatically reduce your future tax credit payments until you\u2019ve paid back the money you owe.\n\nThe amount they\u2019ll reduce your tax credit payments by usually depends on how much you currently get and your household income.\n\n| Household income | Reduction |\n\n| \u00a320,000 or less and you get maximum tax credits | 10% |\n\n| \u00a320,000 or less and you get less than the maximum tax credits | 25% |\n\n| More than \u00a320,000 | 50% |\n\nIf you only get the family element of Child Tax Credit, your payments will be reduced by 100% whatever your income is.\n\n## If you\u2019ve moved to Universal Credit\n\nYour future payments will be reduced until you\u2019ve paid back the money you owe.\n\n## If you do not get tax credits or Universal Credit\n\nHMRC will send you a \u2018notice to pay\u2019 which you should pay within 30 days.\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to make sure payments reach HMRC on time. Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times.\n\nIf you do not pay in time, the money you owe will be recovered from you in another way.\n\nCall the helpline if you want to make extra payments to clear the debt more quickly.\n\nThere are several ways to repay.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nYou can call the helpline to set up a Direct Debit.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your tax credit reference number - you\u2019ll find it on your notice to pay.\n\nIt takes up to 5 working days to set up. Payments appear on your statements as \u2018HMRC NDDS\u2019.\n\n## Online and telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\nPay to HMRC\u2019s account and use your tax credit reference number (found on your notice to pay) as the payment reference.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nIf you\u2019re paying from an overseas account, you can pay HMRC in sterling or another currency.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\nHMRC\u2019s bank address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nPay at your branch by cash or cheque.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019. Write your tax credit reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find this on your notice to pay.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019. Write your tax credit reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find this on your notice to pay.\n\nDo not fold your cheque.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nInclude a note with:\n\n- your name, address and phone number\n\n- your tax credit reference number\n\n- how much you\u2019re paying\n\n- the period you\u2019re paying for\n\nYou can ask for a receipt if you want one.\n\n## If you cannot afford your repayments\n\nYou can ask to repay what you owe over a longer period of time if you\u2019re having financial difficulty. This will mean you pay less each week or month.\n\nYou may be asked about:\n\n- any savings and income you have - including benefits and pensions\n\n- your living expenses - including rent, mortgage or childcare payments and household costs\n\n- any other repayments you have to make - including loans, credit cards and utility bill repayments\n\nHow you ask for your repayments to be reconsidered depends on whether you still get tax credits, Universal Credit or neither.\n\nHMRC is offering further help and support during the COVID-19 crisis. If you are in temporary financial difficulty, and you are unable to pay or to keep up repayment of your existing debts, you should contact HMRC so we can work with you to ensure your arrangement remains affordable until you return to a more stable footing. If you need it, hardship arrangements can offer flexibility if you have previous overpayments being recovered from your tax credits award.\n\n## If you still get tax credits\n\nIf HMRC has reduced your tax credits to pay back an overpayment, you can ask them to reconsider:\n\n- online - you need your Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have one, you can create one when you use this service\n\n- by phone\n\nIf HMRC give you more time to pay back what you owe, this will mean they take less money from your tax credits each week or month.\n\nYou will usually receive a decision within 14 working days.\n\nIf you are still having financial difficulty at the end of the financial year (5 April), you will need to ask HMRC to reconsider your payments again.\n\n## If you have moved to Universal Credit\n\nContact the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) Debt Management centre if you cannot afford your repayments.\n\n## If you do not get tax credits or Universal Credit\n\nCall the tax credits payments helpline to ask HMRC to reconsider.\n\nIf you\u2019ve received a \u2018TC1131\u2019 letter, this means your debt has passed to DWP. Call the DWP Debt Management contact centre to discuss your options. Call DfC Debt Management if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you get Universal Credit\n\nAfter you start getting Universal Credit you\u2019ll get a letter from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) telling you how much you owe. The letter is called a \u2018TC1131 (UC)\u2019.\n\nThe letter may come a few months after you\u2019ve moved to Universal Credit.\n\nIf you are already paying a \u2018notice to pay\u2019, keep making payments until you get the letter.\n\nAfter you get the letter, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will reduce your Universal Credit payments until you pay back the money you owe. You do not have to do anything to set this up.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland this will be handled by the Department for Communities.\n\nIf you are repaying tax credits overpayments from different years, you may get more than one letter - you must repay each of these debts.\n\n## If you cannot afford your repayments\n\nContact DWP Debt Management if you cannot afford your repayments.\n\n## If you have an existing payment plan\n\nIf you have a repayment plan for your tax credits debt (also known as a \u2018Time to Pay\u2019 arrangement), it will end after you get the letter from HMRC. This applies whether the plan is with HMRC or an independent debt collector.\n\nYou must cancel any standing orders you\u2019ve set up to repay the debt. HMRC will cancel any Direct Debits.\n\n## If you claimed tax credits as a couple\n\nThe debt will be split in half between you. Each of you will receive a letter with details of your half of the debt. You must each pay your half.\n\nContact HMRC if you think your share is wrong.\n\n## If you do not get Universal Credit any more\n\nIf you get the letter from HMRC after you\u2019ve stopped receiving Universal Credit, you must repay DWP directly.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, you must repay the Department for Communities.\n\n## If you do not repay HMRC\n\nIf you get a \u2018notice to pay\u2019 you must repay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 30 days. If you asked for more time to pay you should repay within the agreed time.\n\nHMRC will take \u2018enforcement action\u2019 if you do not pay all the money you owe in the agreed time. For example, they might ask a debt collection agency to collect any remaining money.\n\nYour debt may be passed to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) if HMRC cannot get the money you owe. You\u2019ll get a letter called a \u2018TC1131 (non-UC)\u2019 when this happens.\n\nYour debt will be passed to the Department for Communities (DfC) if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou do not need to do anything - DWP or DfC will arrange the most suitable method of recovery with you. This might be by:\n\n- reducing your other benefits\n\n- agreeing a repayment plan with you\n\n- asking your employer to take money from your earnings (\u2018Direct Earnings Attachment\u2019)\n\n- asking a debt collection agency to collect the money\n\n## If you start getting Universal Credit\n\nIf you start getting Universal Credit before all your debt has been recovered, DWP will usually start to take repayments from your Universal Credit to collect the remaining money.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might be overpaid tax credits if:

    ", + "
  • there\u2019s a change in your circumstances - even if you report the change on time
    • ", + "
  • you or the Tax Credit Office make a mistake
    • ", + "
  • you do not renew your tax credits on time
    • ", + "

    The Tax Credit Office will write to tell you what you owe and how to repay the money. If you think they made a mistake, call the helpline.

    ", + "

    If you still get tax credits or are now getting Universal Credit, the money you owe will usually be taken from your future payments.

    ", + "

    If you no longer get tax credits and you do not get Universal Credit, you\u2019ll have to pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) directly. The money may be recovered from you in another way if you do not repay HMRC in time.

    ", + "

    How to repay your tax credits

    ", + "

    The Tax Credit Office will write to tell you what you owe and how to repay.

    ", + "

    How you repay depends on whether you still get tax credits, Universal Credit or neither.

    ", + "

    Call the helpline if you:

    ", + "
  • think the Tax Credit Office made a mistake
    • ", + "
  • already have a repayment plan but you get another letter - you may need to set up a new plan
    • ", + "

    If you still get tax credits

    ", + "

    HMRC will automatically reduce your future tax credit payments until you\u2019ve paid back the money you owe.

    ", + "

    The amount they\u2019ll reduce your tax credit payments by usually depends on how much you currently get and your household income.

    ", + "Household income | Reduction", + "\u00a320,000 or less and you get maximum tax credits | 10%", + "\u00a320,000 or less and you get less than the maximum tax credits | 25%", + "More than \u00a320,000 | 50%", + "

    If you only get the family element of Child Tax Credit, your payments will be reduced by 100% whatever your income is.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve moved to Universal Credit

    ", + "

    Your future payments will be reduced until you\u2019ve paid back the money you owe.

    ", + "

    If you do not get tax credits or Universal Credit

    ", + "

    HMRC will send you a \u2018notice to pay\u2019 which you should pay within 30 days.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to make sure payments reach HMRC on time. Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay in time, the money you owe will be recovered from you in another way.

    ", + "

    Call the helpline if you want to make extra payments to clear the debt more quickly.

    ", + "

    There are several ways to repay.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    You can call the helpline to set up a Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your tax credit reference number - you\u2019ll find it on your notice to pay.

    ", + "

    It takes up to 5 working days to set up. Payments appear on your statements as \u2018HMRC NDDS\u2019.

    ", + "

    Online and telephone banking (Faster Payments)

    ", + "

    Pay to HMRC\u2019s account and use your tax credit reference number (found on your notice to pay) as the payment reference.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying from an overseas account, you can pay HMRC in sterling or another currency.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "

    HMRC\u2019s bank address is:

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    Pay at your branch by cash or cheque.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019. Write your tax credit reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find this on your notice to pay.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019. Write your tax credit reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find this on your notice to pay.

    ", + "

    Do not fold your cheque.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.

    ", + "

    Include a note with:

    ", + "
  • your name, address and phone number
    • ", + "
  • your tax credit reference number
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019re paying
    • ", + "
  • the period you\u2019re paying for
    • ", + "

    You can ask for a receipt if you want one.

    ", + "

    If you cannot afford your repayments

    ", + "

    You can ask to repay what you owe over a longer period of time if you\u2019re having financial difficulty. This will mean you pay less each week or month.

    ", + "

    You may be asked about:

    ", + "
  • any savings and income you have - including benefits and pensions
    • ", + "
  • your living expenses - including rent, mortgage or childcare payments and household costs
    • ", + "
  • any other repayments you have to make - including loans, credit cards and utility bill repayments
    • ", + "

    How you ask for your repayments to be reconsidered depends on whether you still get tax credits, Universal Credit or neither.

    ", + "

    HMRC is offering further help and support during the COVID-19 crisis. If you are in temporary financial difficulty, and you are unable to pay or to keep up repayment of your existing debts, you should contact HMRC so we can work with you to ensure your arrangement remains affordable until you return to a more stable footing. If you need it, hardship arrangements can offer flexibility if you have previous overpayments being recovered from your tax credits award.

    ", + "

    If you still get tax credits

    ", + "

    If HMRC has reduced your tax credits to pay back an overpayment, you can ask them to reconsider:

    ", + "
  • online - you need your Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have one, you can create one when you use this service
    • ", + "
  • by phone
    • ", + "

    If HMRC give you more time to pay back what you owe, this will mean they take less money from your tax credits each week or month.

    ", + "

    You will usually receive a decision within 14 working days.

    ", + "

    If you are still having financial difficulty at the end of the financial year (5 April), you will need to ask HMRC to reconsider your payments again.

    ", + "

    If you have moved to Universal Credit

    ", + "

    Contact the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) Debt Management centre if you cannot afford your repayments.

    ", + "

    If you do not get tax credits or Universal Credit

    ", + "

    Call the tax credits payments helpline to ask HMRC to reconsider.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve received a \u2018TC1131\u2019 letter, this means your debt has passed to DWP. Call the DWP Debt Management contact centre to discuss your options. Call DfC Debt Management if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit

    ", + "

    After you start getting Universal Credit you\u2019ll get a letter from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) telling you how much you owe. The letter is called a \u2018TC1131 (UC)\u2019.

    ", + "

    The letter may come a few months after you\u2019ve moved to Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    If you are already paying a \u2018notice to pay\u2019, keep making payments until you get the letter.

    ", + "

    After you get the letter, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will reduce your Universal Credit payments until you pay back the money you owe. You do not have to do anything to set this up.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland this will be handled by the Department for Communities.

    ", + "

    If you are repaying tax credits overpayments from different years, you may get more than one letter - you must repay each of these debts.

    ", + "

    If you cannot afford your repayments

    ", + "

    Contact DWP Debt Management if you cannot afford your repayments.

    ", + "

    If you have an existing payment plan

    ", + "

    If you have a repayment plan for your tax credits debt (also known as a \u2018Time to Pay\u2019 arrangement), it will end after you get the letter from HMRC. This applies whether the plan is with HMRC or an independent debt collector.

    ", + "

    You must cancel any standing orders you\u2019ve set up to repay the debt. HMRC will cancel any Direct Debits.

    ", + "

    If you claimed tax credits as a couple

    ", + "

    The debt will be split in half between you. Each of you will receive a letter with details of your half of the debt. You must each pay your half.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you think your share is wrong.

    ", + "

    If you do not get Universal Credit any more

    ", + "

    If you get the letter from HMRC after you\u2019ve stopped receiving Universal Credit, you must repay DWP directly.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, you must repay the Department for Communities.

    ", + "

    If you do not repay HMRC

    ", + "

    If you get a \u2018notice to pay\u2019 you must repay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 30 days. If you asked for more time to pay you should repay within the agreed time.

    ", + "

    HMRC will take \u2018enforcement action\u2019 if you do not pay all the money you owe in the agreed time. For example, they might ask a debt collection agency to collect any remaining money.

    ", + "

    Your debt may be passed to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) if HMRC cannot get the money you owe. You\u2019ll get a letter called a \u2018TC1131 (non-UC)\u2019 when this happens.

    ", + "

    Your debt will be passed to the Department for Communities (DfC) if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You do not need to do anything - DWP or DfC will arrange the most suitable method of recovery with you. This might be by:

    ", + "
  • reducing your other benefits
    • ", + "
  • agreeing a repayment plan with you
    • ", + "
  • asking your employer to take money from your earnings (\u2018Direct Earnings Attachment\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • asking a debt collection agency to collect the money
    • ", + "

    If you start getting Universal Credit

    ", + "

    If you start getting Universal Credit before all your debt has been recovered, DWP will usually start to take repayments from your Universal Credit to collect the remaining money.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/jobseekers-allowance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jobseekers-allowance", + "title": "Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA)", + "content": "## How it works\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) to help you when you\u2019re looking for work.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou cannot apply for contribution-based or income-based JSA anymore. If you\u2019re currently getting contribution-based or income-based JSA, you\u2019ll keep getting payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\n## What you need to do\n\n- Check you\u2019re eligible.\n\n- Make a claim for \u2018new style\u2019 JSA and attend a phone interview with your local Jobcentre Plus office.\n\n- Keep to your agreement to look for work. This agreement is called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019 and you will create it at your phone interview.\n\nYour JSA payments will be stopped if you do not keep to your agreement to look for work and cannot give a good reason.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit. If you are, you could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 JSA.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nThere\u2019s a maximum amount you can get - but how much you\u2019re entitled to depends on your age.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to check how much JSA you can get, and how your other benefits will be affected.\n\n| Age | JSA weekly amount |\n\n| Up to 24 | up to \u00a359.20 |\n\n| 25 or over | up to \u00a374.70 |\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYour first payment will usually be within 7 days of your phone interview. It may not be the usual full amount.\n\nAfter that, payments are usually made every 2 weeks and they will be the full amount.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are usually paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving to Universal Credit from income-based JSA\n\nIf your income-based JSA claim is ending because you\u2019re making a new claim for Universal Credit, you\u2019ll automatically continue to get the amount of JSA you currently receive, as long as you\u2019re still eligible. You\u2019ll normally get this for 2 weeks, starting from the date of your new claim.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you telling you how this works.\n\nYou do not need to pay this money back, and it will not affect the amount of Universal Credit you get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible for \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) you\u2019ll need to have both:\n\n- worked as an employee\n\n- paid Class 1 National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years (National Insurance credits can also count)\n\nYou will not be eligible if you were self-employed and only paid Class 2 National Insurance contributions, unless you were working as a share fisherman or a volunteer development worker.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to:\n\n- be 18 or over (there are some exceptions if you\u2019re 16 or 17 - contact Jobcentre Plus for advice)\n\n- be under the State Pension age\n\n- not be in full-time education\n\n- be available for work\n\n- not be working at the moment, or be working less than 16 hours per week on average\n\n- not have an illness or disability which stops you from working\n\n- live in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- have the right to work in the UK\n\nWhile you receive JSA, you\u2019ll need to take reasonable steps to look for work as agreed with your work coach. You must still follow the guidance on working safely during coronavirus.\n\nYour savings and your partner\u2019s income and savings will not affect your claim.\n\nYou can get \u2018new style\u2019 JSA for up to 182 days (about 6 months). After this you can talk to your work coach about your options.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit. If you are, you could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 JSA.\n\n## If you cannot work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can claim JSA if you cannot work but you\u2019re still getting paid by your employer (\u2018on furlough\u2019) or through the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme.\n\nBoth of the following must also apply:\n\n- you usually work less than 16 hours a week\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements for JSA\n\n## Apply for 'new style' JSA\n\nBefore you apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA), check if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nThere is a different process in Northern Ireland.\n\nTo apply, you\u2019ll need your:\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- bank or building society account details (or those of a family member or trusted friend)\n\n- employment details for the past 6 months, including employer contact details and dates you worked with them\n\n- private pension statement letter\n\nTo reclaim you need to apply again, even if your details have not changed.\n\n## Backdating your claim\n\nWhen you apply, you can ask for your claim to be backdated by up to 3 months if you were not able to claim sooner.\n\nIf you want to backdate your claim, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- the date you want your claim to start from\n\n- the reason your claim was delayed\n\nYour claim may not be backdated if you do not have a good reason for the delay in making your claim. Reasons for backdating your claim could include:\n\n- you had a family bereavement - a partner, parent, child, brother or sister died\n\n- you were given the wrong advice that you could not get JSA\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou cannot apply online if you\u2019re under 18.\n\nApply for new style JSA\n\n## If you cannot apply online\n\nIf you need help applying or you\u2019re aged 16 to 17, contact Jobcentre Plus.\n\n## After you make your claim\n\nIf you applied online, you\u2019ll get a text to confirm that your application has been submitted.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will then contact you within 10 days of applying.\n\nYou do not need to contact DWP unless it has been more than 10 days since you applied and you haven\u2019t heard anything.\n\n## If you\u2019re eligible\n\nDWP will contact you within 10 days to schedule a phone interview that you must attend. It will normally be with a work coach from your local Jobcentre Plus office.\n\nAt the interview, you\u2019ll be asked some questions to confirm your identity and then you\u2019ll make an agreement about what steps you\u2019ll take to look for work. This agreement is called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019.\n\nIf you need support during the appointment, you can have another person with you.\n\nContact Jobcentre Plus before your appointment if you:\n\n- need a foreign language interpreter, and do not have someone who can help with interpretation\n\n- have a disability or health condition, for example a hearing impairment which means you cannot attend a phone interview\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nDWP will send you a letter within 10 days to explain why you are not eligible for JSA.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nYou can complain about Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you\u2019ve received.\n\n## Your JSA claim\n\nWhen you apply to claim JSA, your work coach will make an agreement with you to look for work. This agreement is called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019.\n\nYour Claimant Commitment could include:\n\n- what you need to do to look for work - for example registering with recruitment agencies or writing a CV\n\n- how many hours you need to spend looking for work each week\n\nYou should continue to do all the things you have agreed to do if you can do them safely. You must still follow the guidance on working safely during coronavirus.\n\nYou can search and apply for work using the \u2018Find a job\u2019 service.\n\nYou must tell Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change, for example you start working or your income changes.\n\n## Attending regular appointments\n\nYour work coach will arrange appointments with you every 1 to 2 weeks.\n\nAt these appointments, you must show your work coach what you\u2019ve been doing to look for work, for example proof of job applications and interviews.\n\nIf you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse you might be able to get a break of up to 13 weeks from job seeking - speak to your work coach if you need this support.\n\n## When payment can be stopped\n\nYour JSA payments can be stopped for a period if you do not do something your work coach asks you to do. This is called being \u2018sanctioned\u2019. For example, if you:\n\n- do not take part in an appointment with your work coach\n\n- do not accept or keep to your agreement to look for work\n\n- turn down a job or training course\n\n- do not apply for any jobs you\u2019re told about\n\n- do not take part in any interviews you\u2019re invited to\n\n- do not go to any training booked for you or take part in employment schemes\n\n- leave your last job or training without good reason or because of your behaviour\n\nContact Jobcentre Plus as soon as possible if any of these apply to you. You may be able to keep your payment if you have good reason.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how long your payment will be stopped for. It could be between 4 weeks and 26 weeks (about 6 months).\n\nIf you want to know how long your JSA payment could be stopped for, read part 3 of the guidance on JSA sanctions.\n\n## If your JSA payment is stopped\n\nIf your payment is stopped, you should keep looking for work. Your benefit payment could be stopped for longer if you do not.\n\nIf you disagree with the decision to stop payment, you can ask for the decision to be looked at again - this is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\nIf you disagree with the outcome of the mandatory reconsideration, you can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal.\n\nYou should continue with any JSA claim until the dispute is settled.\n\n## If you claim Housing Benefit or Council Tax Reduction\n\nYou should contact your local council immediately. They\u2019ll tell you what to do to continue getting support.\n\n## If your claim is ended\n\nYour JSA claim may be ended if you\u2019re not available for or actively seeking work. You can apply again straight away, but your payments will be stopped for a period of either:\n\n- 4 weeks if it\u2019s the first time your claim has been ended\n\n- 13 weeks if a previous claim has been ended within the past year\n\n## Hardship payments\n\nYou may be able to get a hardship payment if your JSA payments have been stopped. You do not have to pay it back.\n\nA hardship payment is a reduced amount (usually 60%) of your JSA.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or other basic needs for you or your child.\n\nYou must be 18 or over.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve tried to find the money from somewhere else, such as borrowing from a friend or working extra hours.\n\n## How to claim\n\nSpeak to your Jobcentre Plus adviser or work coach to find out how to claim a hardship payment.\n\n## If you\u2019re getting contribution-based or income-based JSA\n\nAs long as you\u2019re still eligible, you\u2019ll keep getting contribution-based or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) until either:\n\n- your circumstances change\n\n- your claim for contribution-based JSA ends (you can get it for up to 182 days)\n\nJobcentre Plus will talk to you about your options. If you\u2019re eligible you might be able to claim Universal Credit.\n\nYou need to take reasonable steps to look for work while getting JSA. You must still follow the guidance on working safely during coronavirus.\n\nYou must tell Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change, for example you start working or your income changes.\n\n## Working hours and income\n\nIf you start working more than 16 hours a week, you might stop being eligible for JSA.\n\nYou might stop being eligible for income-based JSA if:\n\n- your partner starts working 24 hours or more a week, or increases their hours to 16 hours or more a week\n\n- your savings increase to \u00a316,000 or more (including your partner\u2019s savings)\n\nYou cannot apply for contribution-based or income-based JSA anymore. Instead, check if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit and \u2018new style\u2019 JSA. You could get both at the same time.\n\n## Report a change of circumstances\n\nYou must tell Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change, for example you start working or your income changes. This might affect how much you get.\n\nVolunteering will not normally affect your JSA but you should report it before you start.\n\nYour claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change straight away.\n\nA change of circumstance can include:\n\n- starting or stopping work, education, training or an apprenticeship\n\n- changes to your or your partner\u2019s income or working hours\n\n- moving house\n\n- changing your name\n\n- people moving into or out of the place you live (for example your partner or a child)\n\n- changes to the benefits you or anyone else in your house gets\n\n- changes to your pension, savings, investments or property\n\n- changes to other money you get (for example student loans or grants, sick pay or money you get from a charity)\n\n- changing your doctor\n\n- any changes to your medical condition or disability\n\n- going into hospital or a care home or sheltered accommodation\n\n- going abroad for any length of time\n\n- changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou must tell Jobcentre Plus if you cannot work but you\u2019re still getting paid by your employer (\u2018on furlough\u2019) or you\u2019ve been given a grant through the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme.\n\nCall the JSA helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether you need to report a change.\n\nYou may be prosecuted or have to pay a \u00a350 penalty if you give wrong or incomplete information, or do not report changes straight away.\n\n## How to report\n\nYou can report a change of circumstances by:\n\n- calling the JSA helpline\n\n- writing to the Jobcentre Plus office that pays your JSA - the address is on the letters you get about your JSA\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming Universal Credit as well as new style JSA, you must report changes to both services.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nIf you do not report a change straight away or give wrong or incomplete information, you might be paid too much. If you are, you might have to pay some of the money back.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) to help you when you\u2019re looking for work.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for contribution-based or income-based JSA anymore. If you\u2019re currently getting contribution-based or income-based JSA, you\u2019ll keep getting payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "
  • Check you\u2019re eligible.
    • ", + "
  • Make a claim for \u2018new style\u2019 JSA and attend a phone interview with your local Jobcentre Plus office.
    • ", + "
  • Keep to your agreement to look for work. This agreement is called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019 and you will create it at your phone interview.
    • ", + "

    Your JSA payments will be stopped if you do not keep to your agreement to look for work and cannot give a good reason.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit. If you are, you could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 JSA.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a maximum amount you can get - but how much you\u2019re entitled to depends on your age.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to check how much JSA you can get, and how your other benefits will be affected.

    ", + "Age | JSA weekly amount", + "Up to 24 | up to \u00a359.20", + "25 or over | up to \u00a374.70", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    Your first payment will usually be within 7 days of your phone interview. It may not be the usual full amount.

    ", + "

    After that, payments are usually made every 2 weeks and they will be the full amount.

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are usually paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re moving to Universal Credit from income-based JSA

    ", + "

    If your income-based JSA claim is ending because you\u2019re making a new claim for Universal Credit, you\u2019ll automatically continue to get the amount of JSA you currently receive, as long as you\u2019re still eligible. You\u2019ll normally get this for 2 weeks, starting from the date of your new claim.

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you telling you how this works.

    ", + "

    You do not need to pay this money back, and it will not affect the amount of Universal Credit you get.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible for \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) you\u2019ll need to have both:

    ", + "
  • worked as an employee
    • ", + "
  • paid Class 1 National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years (National Insurance credits can also count)
    • ", + "

    You will not be eligible if you were self-employed and only paid Class 2 National Insurance contributions, unless you were working as a share fisherman or a volunteer development worker.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to:

    ", + "
  • be 18 or over (there are some exceptions if you\u2019re 16 or 17 - contact Jobcentre Plus for advice)
    • ", + "
  • be under the State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • not be in full-time education
    • ", + "
  • be available for work
    • ", + "
  • not be working at the moment, or be working less than 16 hours per week on average
    • ", + "
  • not have an illness or disability which stops you from working
    • ", + "
  • live in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • have the right to work in the UK
    • ", + "

    While you receive JSA, you\u2019ll need to take reasonable steps to look for work as agreed with your work coach. You must still follow the guidance on working safely during coronavirus.

    ", + "

    Your savings and your partner\u2019s income and savings will not affect your claim.

    ", + "

    You can get \u2018new style\u2019 JSA for up to 182 days (about 6 months). After this you can talk to your work coach about your options.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit. If you are, you could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 JSA.

    ", + "

    If you cannot work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You can claim JSA if you cannot work but you\u2019re still getting paid by your employer (\u2018on furlough\u2019) or through the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme.

    ", + "

    Both of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you usually work less than 16 hours a week
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements for JSA
    • ", + "

    Apply for 'new style' JSA

    ", + "

    Before you apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA), check if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    There is a different process in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    To apply, you\u2019ll need your:

    ", + "
  • National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society account details (or those of a family member or trusted friend)
    • ", + "
  • employment details for the past 6 months, including employer contact details and dates you worked with them
    • ", + "
  • private pension statement letter
    • ", + "

    To reclaim you need to apply again, even if your details have not changed.

    ", + "

    Backdating your claim

    ", + "

    When you apply, you can ask for your claim to be backdated by up to 3 months if you were not able to claim sooner.

    ", + "

    If you want to backdate your claim, you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • the date you want your claim to start from
    • ", + "
  • the reason your claim was delayed
    • ", + "

    Your claim may not be backdated if you do not have a good reason for the delay in making your claim. Reasons for backdating your claim could include:

    ", + "
  • you had a family bereavement - a partner, parent, child, brother or sister died
    • ", + "
  • you were given the wrong advice that you could not get JSA
    • ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You cannot apply online if you\u2019re under 18.

    ", + "

    Apply for new style JSA

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online

    ", + "

    If you need help applying or you\u2019re aged 16 to 17, contact Jobcentre Plus.

    ", + "

    After you make your claim

    ", + "

    If you applied online, you\u2019ll get a text to confirm that your application has been submitted.

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will then contact you within 10 days of applying.

    ", + "

    You do not need to contact DWP unless it has been more than 10 days since you applied and you haven\u2019t heard anything.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible

    ", + "

    DWP will contact you within 10 days to schedule a phone interview that you must attend. It will normally be with a work coach from your local Jobcentre Plus office.

    ", + "

    At the interview, you\u2019ll be asked some questions to confirm your identity and then you\u2019ll make an agreement about what steps you\u2019ll take to look for work. This agreement is called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you need support during the appointment, you can have another person with you.

    ", + "

    Contact Jobcentre Plus before your appointment if you:

    ", + "
  • need a foreign language interpreter, and do not have someone who can help with interpretation
    • ", + "
  • have a disability or health condition, for example a hearing impairment which means you cannot attend a phone interview
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible

    ", + "

    DWP will send you a letter within 10 days to explain why you are not eligible for JSA.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    You can complain about Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you\u2019ve received.

    ", + "

    Your JSA claim

    ", + "

    When you apply to claim JSA, your work coach will make an agreement with you to look for work. This agreement is called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your Claimant Commitment could include:

    ", + "
  • what you need to do to look for work - for example registering with recruitment agencies or writing a CV
    • ", + "
  • how many hours you need to spend looking for work each week
    • ", + "

    You should continue to do all the things you have agreed to do if you can do them safely. You must still follow the guidance on working safely during coronavirus.

    ", + "

    You can search and apply for work using the \u2018Find a job\u2019 service.

    ", + "

    You must tell Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change, for example you start working or your income changes.

    ", + "

    Attending regular appointments

    ", + "

    Your work coach will arrange appointments with you every 1 to 2 weeks.

    ", + "

    At these appointments, you must show your work coach what you\u2019ve been doing to look for work, for example proof of job applications and interviews.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse you might be able to get a break of up to 13 weeks from job seeking - speak to your work coach if you need this support.

    ", + "

    When payment can be stopped

    ", + "

    Your JSA payments can be stopped for a period if you do not do something your work coach asks you to do. This is called being \u2018sanctioned\u2019. For example, if you:

    ", + "
  • do not take part in an appointment with your work coach
    • ", + "
  • do not accept or keep to your agreement to look for work
    • ", + "
  • turn down a job or training course
    • ", + "
  • do not apply for any jobs you\u2019re told about
    • ", + "
  • do not take part in any interviews you\u2019re invited to
    • ", + "
  • do not go to any training booked for you or take part in employment schemes
    • ", + "
  • leave your last job or training without good reason or because of your behaviour
    • ", + "

    Contact Jobcentre Plus as soon as possible if any of these apply to you. You may be able to keep your payment if you have good reason.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how long your payment will be stopped for. It could be between 4 weeks and 26 weeks (about 6 months).

    ", + "

    If you want to know how long your JSA payment could be stopped for, read part 3 of the guidance on JSA sanctions.

    ", + "

    If your JSA payment is stopped

    ", + "

    If your payment is stopped, you should keep looking for work. Your benefit payment could be stopped for longer if you do not.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the decision to stop payment, you can ask for the decision to be looked at again - this is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the outcome of the mandatory reconsideration, you can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal.

    ", + "

    You should continue with any JSA claim until the dispute is settled.

    ", + "

    If you claim Housing Benefit or Council Tax Reduction

    ", + "

    You should contact your local council immediately. They\u2019ll tell you what to do to continue getting support.

    ", + "

    If your claim is ended

    ", + "

    Your JSA claim may be ended if you\u2019re not available for or actively seeking work. You can apply again straight away, but your payments will be stopped for a period of either:

    ", + "
  • 4 weeks if it\u2019s the first time your claim has been ended
    • ", + "
  • 13 weeks if a previous claim has been ended within the past year
    • ", + "

    Hardship payments

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a hardship payment if your JSA payments have been stopped. You do not have to pay it back.

    ", + "

    A hardship payment is a reduced amount (usually 60%) of your JSA.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can get a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or other basic needs for you or your child.

    ", + "

    You must be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve tried to find the money from somewhere else, such as borrowing from a friend or working extra hours.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Speak to your Jobcentre Plus adviser or work coach to find out how to claim a hardship payment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting contribution-based or income-based JSA

    ", + "

    As long as you\u2019re still eligible, you\u2019ll keep getting contribution-based or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) until either:

    ", + "
  • your circumstances change
    • ", + "
  • your claim for contribution-based JSA ends (you can get it for up to 182 days)
    • ", + "

    Jobcentre Plus will talk to you about your options. If you\u2019re eligible you might be able to claim Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    You need to take reasonable steps to look for work while getting JSA. You must still follow the guidance on working safely during coronavirus.

    ", + "

    You must tell Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change, for example you start working or your income changes.

    ", + "

    Working hours and income

    ", + "

    If you start working more than 16 hours a week, you might stop being eligible for JSA.

    ", + "

    You might stop being eligible for income-based JSA if:

    ", + "
  • your partner starts working 24 hours or more a week, or increases their hours to 16 hours or more a week
    • ", + "
  • your savings increase to \u00a316,000 or more (including your partner\u2019s savings)
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply for contribution-based or income-based JSA anymore. Instead, check if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit and \u2018new style\u2019 JSA. You could get both at the same time.

    ", + "

    Report a change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You must tell Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change, for example you start working or your income changes. This might affect how much you get.

    ", + "

    Volunteering will not normally affect your JSA but you should report it before you start.

    ", + "

    Your claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change straight away.

    ", + "

    A change of circumstance can include:

    ", + "
  • starting or stopping work, education, training or an apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • changes to your or your partner\u2019s income or working hours
    • ", + "
  • moving house
    • ", + "
  • changing your name
    • ", + "
  • people moving into or out of the place you live (for example your partner or a child)
    • ", + "
  • changes to the benefits you or anyone else in your house gets
    • ", + "
  • changes to your pension, savings, investments or property
    • ", + "
  • changes to other money you get (for example student loans or grants, sick pay or money you get from a charity)
    • ", + "
  • changing your doctor
    • ", + "
  • any changes to your medical condition or disability
    • ", + "
  • going into hospital or a care home or sheltered accommodation
    • ", + "
  • going abroad for any length of time
    • ", + "
  • changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    You must tell Jobcentre Plus if you cannot work but you\u2019re still getting paid by your employer (\u2018on furlough\u2019) or you\u2019ve been given a grant through the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme.

    ", + "

    Call the JSA helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether you need to report a change.

    ", + "

    You may be prosecuted or have to pay a \u00a350 penalty if you give wrong or incomplete information, or do not report changes straight away.

    ", + "

    How to report

    ", + "

    You can report a change of circumstances by:

    ", + "
  • calling the JSA helpline
    • ", + "
  • writing to the Jobcentre Plus office that pays your JSA - the address is on the letters you get about your JSA
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming Universal Credit as well as new style JSA, you must report changes to both services.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    If you do not report a change straight away or give wrong or incomplete information, you might be paid too much. If you are, you might have to pay some of the money back.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/universal-credit": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/universal-credit", + "title": "Universal Credit", + "content": "## What Universal Credit is\n\nUniversal Credit is a payment to help with your living costs. It\u2019s paid monthly - or twice a month for some people in Scotland.\n\nYou may be able to get it if you\u2019re on a low income, out of work or you cannot work.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIf you live in Northern Ireland, go to Universal Credit in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Sign in\n\nSign in to your Universal Credit account if you already have one.\n\n## If you already get other benefits\n\nUniversal Credit is replacing the following benefits:\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- Working Tax Credit\n\nIf you currently get any of these benefits, you do not need to do anything unless:\n\n- you have a change of circumstances you need to report\n\n- the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) contacts you about moving to Universal Credit\n\nIf you get tax credits, they will stop when you or your partner applies for Universal Credit. Check how tax credits and Universal Credit affect each other.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou may be able to get Universal Credit if:\n\n- you\u2019re on a low income or out of work\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over (there are some exceptions if you\u2019re 16 to 17)\n\n- you\u2019re under State Pension age (or your partner is)\n\n- you and your partner have \u00a316,000 or less in savings between you\n\n- you live in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re an\u00a0EU,\u00a0EEA\u00a0or Swiss citizen, you and your family usually also need settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get Universal Credit. The deadline to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme is 30 June 2021.\n\nThe number of children you have does not affect your eligibility for Universal Credit, but it may affect how much you get.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to check what benefits you could get if you\u2019re not eligible for Universal Credit.\n\n## If you live with your partner\n\nYour partner\u2019s income and savings will be taken into account, even if they are not eligible for Universal Credit.\n\n## If you\u2019re 18 or over and in training or studying full-time\n\nYou can make a new claim for Universal Credit if any of the following apply:\n\n- you live with your partner and they\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit\n\n- you\u2019re responsible for a child, either as a single person or as a couple\n\n- you\u2019re in further education, are 21 or under and do not have parental support, for example you\u2019re estranged from your parents and you\u2019re not under local authority care\n\n## If you\u2019re moving from Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\nYou can make a new claim for Universal Credit if you\u2019re in full-time education and all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re entitled to Personal Independence Payment (PIP) or Disability Living Allowance (DLA)\n\n- you\u2019ve already been assessed as having limited capability for work\n\n- you make a new claim before your ESA ends or as soon as you\u2019re notified that your ESA claim has ended\n\n## If you\u2019re 16 or 17\n\nYou can make a new claim for Universal Credit if any of the following apply:\n\n- you have medical evidence and are waiting for a Work Capability Assessment\n\n- you\u2019re caring for a severely disabled person\n\n- you\u2019re responsible for a child\n\n- you\u2019re in a couple with responsibility for at least one child and your partner is eligible for Universal Credit\n\n- you\u2019re pregnant and it\u2019s 11 weeks or less before your expected week of childbirth\n\n- you\u2019ve had a child in the last 15 weeks\n\n- you do not have parental support, for example you\u2019re estranged from your parents and you\u2019re not under local authority care\n\n## If you\u2019re studying full-time\n\nYou can also make a claim if you\u2019re in full-time further education and any of the following apply:\n\n- you do not have parental support and you\u2019re not under local authority care\n\n- you have limited capability for work and you\u2019re entitled to Personal Independence Payment (PIP) or Disability Living Allowance (DLA)\n\n- you\u2019re responsible for a child\n\n- you\u2019re in a couple with responsibility for a child and your partner is eligible for Universal Credit\n\n## If you\u2019re in a couple and one of you is State Pension age\n\nYou and your partner can claim Universal Credit as a couple if one of you is under State Pension age and eligible for Universal Credit.\n\nWhen you both reach State Pension age your Universal Credit claim will stop.\n\nYou may be able to apply for Pension Credit or other benefits as a couple when your Universal Credit stops. Ask your Jobcentre Plus work coach what else you could be eligible for.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYour Universal Credit payment is made up of a standard allowance and any extra amounts that apply to you, for example if you:\n\n- have children\n\n- have a disability or health condition which prevents you from working\n\n- need help paying your rent\n\nUse a benefits calculator to see how much you could get.\n\nHow much Universal Credit you get will depend on your earnings.\n\nYour circumstances are assessed every month. Changes in your circumstances can affect how much you\u2019re paid for the whole assessment period - not just from the date you report them.\n\nThe benefit cap may limit the total amount of benefit you receive.\n\n## Standard allowance\n\n| Your circumstances | Monthly standard allowance |\n\n| Single and under 25 | \u00a3344 |\n\n| Single and 25 or over | \u00a3411.51 |\n\n| In a couple and you\u2019re both under 25 | \u00a3490.60 (for you both) |\n\n| In a couple and either of you are 25 or over | \u00a3596.58 (for you both) |\n\n## Extra amounts\n\nYou may get more money on top of your standard allowance if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## If you have children\n\nIf you have 1 or 2 children, you\u2019ll get an extra amount for each child.\n\nIf you have 3 or more children, you\u2019ll get an extra amount for at least 2 children. You can only get an extra amount for more children if any of the following are true:\n\n- your children were born before 6 April 2017\n\n- you were already claiming for 3 or more children before 6 April 2017\n\n- other exceptions apply\n\nYou\u2019ll get an extra amount for any disabled or severely disabled child - no matter how many children you have or when they were born.\n\n| How much you\u2019ll get | Extra monthly amount |\n\n| For your first child | \u00a3282.50 (born before 6 April 2017) \u00a3237.08 (born on or after 6 April 2017) |\n\n| For your second child and any other eligible children | \u00a3237.08 per child |\n\n| If you have a disabled or severely disabled child | \u00a3128.89 or \u00a3402.41 |\n\n| If you need help with childcare costs | up to 85% of your costs (up to \u00a3646.35 for one child and \u00a31,108.04 for 2 or more children) |\n\nYou might get the extra amount if you start caring for another child, depending on when they were born and how many children you have.\n\n## If you have a disability or health condition\n\n| How much you\u2019ll get | Extra monthly amount |\n\n| If you have limited capability for work and work-related activity | \u00a3343.63 |\n\n| If you have limited capability for work and you started your health-related Universal Credit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) claim before 3 April 2017 | \u00a3128.89 |\n\nIf you get the severe disability premium you may also be entitled to an extra \u2018transitional protection\u2019 payment if you\u2019re moving to Universal Credit.\n\n## If you care for a severely disabled person\n\n| How much you\u2019ll get | Extra monthly amount |\n\n| If you provide care for at least 35 hours a week for a severely disabled person who receives a disability-related benefit | \u00a3163.73 |\n\nThis is on top of any extra amount you get if you have a disabled child.\n\n## Housing costs\n\nYou could get money to help pay your housing costs. How much you get depends on your age and circumstances.\n\nThe payment can cover rent and some service charges.\n\nIf you\u2019re a homeowner, you might be able to get a loan to help with interest payments on your mortgage or other loans you\u2019ve taken out for your home.\n\n## Other support you could get\n\nIf you receive Universal Credit you may also be able to get other financial support depending on your circumstances.\n\n## How your earnings affect your payments\n\nIf you\u2019re employed, how much Universal Credit you get will depend on your earnings. Your Universal Credit payment will reduce gradually as you earn more - for every \u00a31 you earn your payment reduces by 63p.\n\nThere\u2019s no limit to how many hours you can work.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to see how increasing your hours or starting a new job could affect what you get.\n\n## The work allowance\n\nYou can earn a certain amount before your Universal Credit is reduced if you or your partner are either:\n\n- responsible for a child or young person\n\n- living with a disability or health condition that affects your ability to work\n\nThis is called a \u2018work allowance\u2019. Your work allowance is lower if you get help with housing costs.\n\n| Your circumstances | Monthly work allowance |\n\n| You get help with housing costs | \u00a3293 |\n\n| You do not get help with housing costs | \u00a3515 |\n\n## If your employer has put you on temporary leave (\u2018furlough\u2019)\n\nIf you\u2019re on furlough because your employer has no work for you, you can get up to 80% of your wages paid through the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, up to a monthly limit of \u00a32,500. Your employer takes care of this.\n\nYou can check if your employer can use the scheme.\n\n## If your payment stops because your earnings increased\n\nAs your income increases, your payment will reduce until you\u2019re earning enough to no longer claim Universal Credit. Your payment will then be stopped. You\u2019ll be told when this happens.\n\nIf your earnings decrease after this, you can claim Universal Credit again.\n\nIf you received your last payment 6 months ago or less, you can restart your old claim by signing in to your Universal Credit account. You\u2019ll need to report any changes in your circumstances. If you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit, your payments will restart with the same monthly assessment period you had previously.\n\nIf you received your last payment more than 6 months ago, you\u2019ll need to make a new claim for Universal Credit. You can make a new claim by signing in to your Universal Credit account. You will not be paid on the same date as your previous claim. It usually takes around 5 weeks to get your first payment.\n\n## Surplus earnings\n\nIf your monthly earnings are more than \u00a32,500 over the amount where your payment stopped, this becomes \u2018surplus earnings\u2019.\n\nYour surplus earnings will be carried forward to the following month, where they count towards your earnings. If your earnings (including your surplus earnings) are then still over the amount where your payment stops, you will not get a Universal Credit payment.\n\nIf your earnings fall below the amount where your payment stopped, your surplus will decrease. Once your surplus has gone, you\u2019ll be able to get a Universal Credit payment again.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to reclaim Universal Credit every month until your earnings have reduced enough to get another payment.\n\nYou can talk to your work coach for more information about surplus earnings.\n\nThe statement in your online journal will show your work allowance and when the surplus reduces.\n\n## If you separate from your partner\n\nIf you\u2019re part of a couple that claims Universal Credit together, any surplus earnings will be divided equally between you if you separate.\n\nYou\u2019ll then need to re-apply individually, with your part of the surplus earnings counting towards your earnings.\n\nIf you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse you do not take on any surplus earnings from your partner. Talk to your work coach to make sure your partner\u2019s surplus earnings are not divided between you.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nYou can carry over a loss (as well as a surplus) to the following month. A loss will be deducted from your next month\u2019s earnings.\n\n## How you're paid\n\nUniversal Credit is paid once a month, usually into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\nYour payment can include an amount for housing, which you\u2019ll usually need to pay to your landlord.\n\nIf you\u2019re not able to open a bank, building society or credit union account, call the Universal Credit helpline to arrange a different way of getting paid.\n\nFind out how you\u2019ll be paid if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Your first payment\n\nIt usually takes around 5 weeks to get your first payment.\n\nIf you need help with your living costs while you wait for your first payment, you can apply for an advance.\n\nThe wait before your first payment is made up of a one month assessment period and up to 7 days for the payment to reach your account.\n\n## Payment dates\n\nAfter the first payment, you\u2019ll be paid on the same date of every month.\n\nIf your payment date is on a weekend, you\u2019ll be paid on the working day before.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a monthly statement that tells you how much Universal Credit you\u2019re going to get.\n\nCall the helpline straight away if your payment does not arrive on time.\n\n## If you live in Scotland\n\nYou can get paid once or twice a month.\n\nIf you\u2019re making a new claim, you\u2019ll get a notification about how often you want to be paid. You get this after your first payment.\n\nIf you\u2019re already getting Universal Credit and have not had a notification, you can ask your work coach to be paid twice a month.\n\nWhen you\u2019re paid twice a month your first payment will be for a full month. You\u2019ll get the first half of your second month\u2019s payment a month after this. The second half will be paid 15 days later. This means there will be about a month and a half between your first payment and the full amount for your second month.\n\nAfter this, you\u2019ll be paid twice a month.\n\n## If you live with a partner\n\nIf you both claim Universal Credit, you\u2019ll get one payment each month for your household.\n\nIf you live in Scotland and you\u2019ve chosen to be paid twice monthly, you\u2019ll receive 2 payments each month for your household.\n\nPhone the Universal Credit helpline if you\u2019re worried about getting access to this money.\n\n## How often you\u2019re paid can affect your Universal Credit\n\nIf you\u2019re paid once a month on the same date and nothing changes in your earnings, then your Universal Credit amount should stay the same.\n\nYour Universal Credit can be affected if you receive no wages or more than one set of wages during some assessment periods. This could happen if:\n\n- you\u2019re paid weekly, every 2 weeks or every 4 weeks\n\n- your monthly payment date changes, for example you get paid on the last working day of each month\n\n## If your monthly payment date changes\n\nYou\u2019ll need to sign into your online account to check how much your next monthly payment will be. If it looks like you\u2019ll get paid too much or too little Universal Credit, ask your work coach to move your wages into another assessment period.\n\n## If you\u2019re paid weekly, every 2 weeks or every 4 weeks\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if your earnings are too high and whether you\u2019ll need to reapply to continue to get Universal Credit.\n\n| How often you\u2019re paid by your employer | The impact |\n\n| Every 4 weeks | Once a year, you\u2019ll get 2 sets of wages in one assessment period |\n\n| Every 2 weeks | Twice a year, you\u2019ll get 3 sets of wages in one assessment period |\n\n| Every week | Four times a year, you\u2019ll get 5 sets of wages in one assessment period |\n\n## How to claim\n\nApply for Universal Credit online.\n\nYou have to apply as a couple if you and your partner live together. You do not need to be married.\n\nThe Universal Credit team might phone you after you\u2019ve sent your application if they need more information or if you cannot verify your identity online.\n\nYou cannot claim Universal Credit and tax credits at the same time. If you get tax credits, they will stop when you or your partner applies for Universal Credit. Check how tax credits and Universal Credit affect each other.\n\n## What you need to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- your bank, building society or credit union account details (call the Universal Credit helpline if you do not have one)\n\n- an email address\n\n- information about your housing, for example how much rent you pay\n\n- details of your income, for example payslips\n\n- details of savings and any investments, like shares or a property that you rent out\n\n- details of how much you pay for childcare if you\u2019re applying for help with childcare costs\n\nIf you do not provide the right information when you apply it might affect when you get paid or how much you get.\n\nYou also have to verify your identity online. You\u2019ll need some proof of identity for this, for example your:\n\n- driving licence\n\n- passport\n\n- debit or credit card\n\n## Apply for Universal Credit online\n\nApply now\n\n## If you cannot verify your identity online\n\nThe Universal Credit team will phone you to help you verify your identity.\n\n## Help with your application\n\nIf you need help with your application, ask straight away - the sooner you apply for Universal Credit, the sooner you get your first payment.\n\nThere are 2 ways to get help with your Universal Credit application.\n\n## Universal Credit helpline\n\nContact the Universal Credit helpline if:\n\n- you cannot use digital services at all - this might be because of disability or your circumstances\n\n- you have a question about your claim and cannot access your online claim\n\n## British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service\n\nYou can use the BSL video relay service to make a claim.\n\nFind out what you need to do to use the service.\n\nThe service is available Monday to Friday, 8am to 4pm.\n\n## Help to Claim\n\nHelp to Claim can support you in the early stages of your Universal Credit claim, from the online application, through to support with your application before your first full payment.\n\nIt\u2019s a free, independent, confidential and impartial service provided by trained advisers from Citizens Advice. They can help with things like how to gather evidence for your application or how to prepare for your first Jobcentre appointment.\n\nGet Help to Claim:\n\n- if you live in England or Wales\n\n- if you live in Scotland\n\n## After you apply\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will make an appointment to talk to you, either over the phone or face-to-face.\n\n## If you have a disability or illness that affects your work\n\nYou may need a Work Capability Assessment to see how your disability or health condition affects your ability to work.\n\nDepending on the outcome of your assessment you may be eligible for an extra amount on top of your standard allowance.\n\n## Terminal illness\n\nIf you\u2019re terminally ill, you may get extra money for Universal Credit.\n\nIf you\u2019re making a new claim, you can declare this during your application. If you\u2019ve already made a claim, you\u2019ll need to report this as a change of circumstances.\n\n## If you\u2019ve claimed Universal Credit before\n\nYou can sign in to your account to make a new claim if you\u2019ve claimed Universal Credit at any time during the last 6 months.\n\nIf you stopped claiming more than 6 months ago, you\u2019ll need to reapply for Universal Credit.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Get an advance on your first payment\n\nIf you need help to pay your bills or cover other costs while you wait for your first Universal Credit payment, you can apply to get an advance.\n\nThe most you can get as an advance is the amount of your first estimated payment.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for an advance payment in your online account or through your Jobcentre Plus work coach.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- explain why you need an advance\n\n- verify your identity (you\u2019ll do this when you apply online or on the phone with a work coach)\n\n- provide bank account details for the advance (talk to your work coach if you cannot open an account)\n\nYou\u2019ll usually find out the same day if you can get an advance.\n\n## If you need help\n\nCall the Universal Credit helpline if you need help applying for an advance payment.\n\n## How you pay back your advance\n\nYou start paying it back out of your first payment.\n\nYou can choose how many months you pay the advance back over, within the time limit. You must usually pay back the advance within:\n\n- 24 months if you apply on or after 12 April 2021\n\n- 12 months if you applied before 12 April 2021\n\nYou do not pay interest on it - the total amount you pay back is the same.\n\nRead more about getting a Universal Credit advance.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou\u2019ll make an agreement called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019 with your work coach.\n\nWhat you need to do depends on your situation. You might need to do activities such as:\n\n- write a CV\n\n- look and apply for jobs\n\n- go on training courses\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to do things like:\n\n- pay your own rent and other housing costs\n\n- report any changes in your circumstances\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming with your partner, you\u2019ll each have a Claimant Commitment and set of responsibilities.\n\n## If you have children\n\nIf you\u2019re a single parent or the lead carer in a couple, your responsibilities will change as your youngest child gets older and will be tailored to your personal circumstances.\n\n| Age of your youngest child | Your responsibilities |\n\n| Under 1 | You do not need to look for work |\n\n| Aged 1 | You do not need to look for work. You need to have phone appointments with your work coach to discuss plans for moving into work in the future |\n\n| Aged 2 | You do not need to look for work. You need to have regular phone appointments with your work coach and do work preparation activities (for example, writing your CV) |\n\n| Aged 3 or 4 | Work a maximum of 16 hours a week (or spend 16 hours a week looking for work) |\n\n| Aged between 5 and 12 | Work a maximum of 25 hours a week (or spend 25 hours a week looking for work) |\n\n| 13 or older | Work a maximum of 35 hours a week (or spend 35 hours a week looking for work) |\n\n## If you get support with childcare costs\n\nYou must:\n\n- report your childcare costs when you pay them\n\n- prove you\u2019ve paid your childcare provider\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show proof of:\n\n- your childcare provider for each child, for example an invoice or contract that includes the provider\u2019s registration number and full contact details\n\n- the amount you paid and when you paid it, for example a receipt or bank statement\n\nYou can report childcare costs and provide proof that you\u2019ve paid by signing in to your Universal Credit account.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get the childcare amount in your next Universal Credit payment.\n\nIf you pay for childcare after it\u2019s been provided, you can claim up to 3 months of past costs at a time. There may be a limit to how much you get back if you claim for more than one month\u2019s fees at a time. Talk to your work coach for advice.\n\nIf you pay for childcare in advance, you can claim up to 3 months of advance costs at a time. You\u2019ll be paid back in your monthly Universal Credit payments during the months the childcare is for.\n\n## If your payment is stopped or reduced\n\nIf you do not meet your responsibilities or what you\u2019ve agreed in your Claimant Commitment, your Universal Credit could be stopped or reduced. This is called a sanction.\n\nThere are different levels of sanctions and they\u2019re decided based on what you did and how often.\n\nYou\u2019ll get half a sanction if you apply with a partner and only one of you does not meet their responsibilities.\n\nYou can appeal a sanction if you think it\u2019s wrong. Citizens Advice can help with challenging a sanction.\n\n## Help if your payment is stopped or reduced\n\nYou can ask for a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or hygiene needs because you got a sanction. You\u2019ll repay it through your Universal Credit payments - they\u2019ll be lower until you pay it back.\n\nYou must be 18 or over.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve tried to:\n\n- find the money from somewhere else\n\n- only spend money on essentials\n\nCall the Universal Credit helpline to ask for a hardship payment.\n\n## Report a change of circumstances\n\nYou need to report changes to your circumstances so you keep getting the right amount each month.\n\nChanges can include:\n\n- finding or finishing a job\n\n- having a child\n\n- moving in with your partner\n\n- starting to care for a child or disabled person\n\n- changing your mobile number or email address\n\n- moving to a new address\n\n- changing your bank details\n\n- your rent going up or down\n\n- changes to your health condition\n\n- becoming too ill to work or meet your work coach\n\n- changes to your earnings (only if you\u2019re self-employed)\n\n- changes to your savings, investments and how much money you have\n\n- changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## How to report\n\nYou can report a change of circumstances by signing in to your Universal Credit account.\n\n## If you get a job or increase the hours you work\n\nUse a benefits calculator or speak with your work coach to find out how getting a job or an increase in your earnings might affect your Universal Credit claim.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## If you have a terminal illness\n\nYou may get extra money if you\u2019re terminally ill.\n\n## If your life expectancy is more than 6 months\n\nYou\u2019ll need to report this in the same way as any other change of circumstance.\n\n## If your life expectancy is less than 6 months\n\nReport the change online through your Universal Credit account. You\u2019ll be contacted about what to do next.\n\nYou can also get someone else to report the change for you. They\u2019ll need to ask a doctor or healthcare professional to fill in form DS1500 (the doctor will have the form already). Either the doctor or your representative can send it to:\n\nIf you\u2019ve already sent form DS1500 for Personal Independence Payment or Employment and Support Allowance, you do not need to send it again.\n\nYou will not need to have a Work Capability Assessment.\n\n## Other financial support\n\nIf you\u2019re in financial difficulties, you can get help and advice from the government, local councils and other organisations.\n\n## Advance and hardship payments\n\nIf you do not have enough to live on while you wait for your first payment you can ask for an advance payment after you\u2019ve made a claim.\n\nYou can also ask for a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or hygiene needs because you got a sanction.\n\nYou need to pay it back through your Universal Credit payments - they\u2019ll be lower until you pay it back.\n\n## Alternative Payment Arrangements\n\nIf you\u2019re having financial difficulties or you\u2019re behind on your rent, you or your landlord may be able to apply for an Alternative Payment Arrangement (APA).\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you could get an APA to:\n\n- get your rent paid directly to your landlord\n\n- get paid more frequently than once a month\n\n- receive split payments, if you\u2019re part of a couple\n\nSpeak to your work coach to apply for an APA.\n\n## Budgeting Advance\n\nYou might be able to get a Budgeting Advance to help with:\n\n- emergency household costs such as replacing a broken cooker\n\n- getting a job or staying in work\n\n- funeral costs\n\nYou\u2019ll repay it through your regular Universal Credit payments - these will be lower until you pay it back. If you stop getting Universal Credit, you\u2019ll have to repay the money in another way.\n\n## How much you can borrow\n\nThe smallest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100. You can get up to:\n\n- \u00a3348 if you\u2019re single\n\n- \u00a3464 if you\u2019re part of a couple\n\n- \u00a3812 if you have children\n\nWhat you get depends on whether you have savings of over \u00a31,000 and can pay the loan back.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get a Budgeting Advance, all of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve been getting Universal Credit, Employment and Support Allowance, Income Support, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or State Pension Credit for 6 months or more, unless you need the money to help you start a new job or stay in work\n\n- you\u2019ve earned less than \u00a32,600 (\u00a33,600 together for couples) in the past 6 months\n\n- you\u2019ve paid off any previous Budgeting Advance loans\n\n## How to apply\n\nSign into your Universal Credit account and contact your work coach. They can tell you how to apply.\n\n## Other benefits you can claim\n\nIf you want to claim a benefit without your savings, your partner\u2019s savings or their income being taken into account, you can apply for either:\n\n- \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)\n\n- \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\nUse a benefits calculator to find out what other benefits you could get, for example Personal Independence Payment if you\u2019re disabled.\n\n## Other financial support you might get\n\nIf you receive Universal Credit you may be able to get other payments too.\n\nThe support you could get might be different in Scotland or Wales.\n\n## Help with housing costs and bills\n\nYou might be able to get:\n\n- BT Basic (or KCOM Flex Packages for the East Riding or Hull City Council local authority areas) if you have no income\n\n- a Cold Weather Payment\n\n- Disabled Facilities Grants\n\n- Discretionary Housing Payments if your Universal Credit payment is not enough to pay your rent\n\n- Energy Company Obligation (ECO) Affordable Warmth\n\n- a reduction in your Council Tax\n\n- WaterSure to cap your bills if you have a water meter\n\nYou can get advice on reducing your energy bills from:\n\n- Simple Energy Advice - in England and Wales\n\n- Energy Savings Trust Scotland - in Scotland\n\n- Bryson Energy - in Northern Ireland\n\n## Help if you\u2019re pregnant or have a child\n\nYou might be able to get:\n\n- free early education for 2 year olds\n\n- free school meals\n\n- Healthy Start vouchers (in England and Wales) if you\u2019re pregnant or have a child under 4 years old\n\n- Best Start Foods and a Best Start Grant (in Scotland) if you\u2019re pregnant or have a child under 4 years old\n\n- a Sure Start Maternity Grant in England and Wales\n\n- a Pregnancy and Baby payment in Scotland\n\n## Help with legal costs\n\nYou might be able to get:\n\n- help with prison visiting costs\n\n- help with the costs of using courts or tribunals\n\n- legal aid\n\n## Help with other costs\n\nYou might be able to get:\n\n- help with health costs, including prescriptions and dental treatment\n\n- a Funeral Expenses Payment\n\n- help with building up savings through Help to Save\n\n## Advice on money and debt\n\nYou can get help and advice from:\n\n- your Jobcentre Plus work coach\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Money Advice Trust\n\n- the Money Manager tool from Money Advice Service\n\n- My Money Steps\n\n- National Debtline\n\n- Shelter for help with housing and homelessness\n\n- StepChange\n\n- Turn2Us\n\n## Contact Universal Credit\n\nYou can contact Universal Credit:\n\n- through your online account\n\n- by calling the Universal Credit helpline\n\n## If your query is about claiming \u2018new style\u2019 benefits with Universal Credit\n\nYou could get \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) at the same time or instead of Universal Credit.\n\n## Apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA online or contact the Universal Credit helpline.\n\n## Apply for \u2019new style\u2019 JSA\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 JSA online or contact the Jobcentre Plus helpline.\n\n## If you have a query about an existing claim for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA or JSA\n\nContact the Jobcentre Plus helpline.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What Universal Credit is

    ", + "

    Universal Credit is a payment to help with your living costs. It\u2019s paid monthly - or twice a month for some people in Scotland.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get it if you\u2019re on a low income, out of work or you cannot work.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you live in Northern Ireland, go to Universal Credit in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Sign in

    ", + "

    Sign in to your Universal Credit account if you already have one.

    ", + "

    If you already get other benefits

    ", + "

    Universal Credit is replacing the following benefits:

    ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit
    • ", + "

    If you currently get any of these benefits, you do not need to do anything unless:

    ", + "
  • you have a change of circumstances you need to report
    • ", + "
  • the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) contacts you about moving to Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    If you get tax credits, they will stop when you or your partner applies for Universal Credit. Check how tax credits and Universal Credit affect each other.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Universal Credit if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re on a low income or out of work
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over (there are some exceptions if you\u2019re 16 to 17)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under State Pension age (or your partner is)
    • ", + "
  • you and your partner have \u00a316,000 or less in savings between you
    • ", + "
  • you live in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an\u00a0EU,\u00a0EEA\u00a0or Swiss citizen, you and your family usually also need settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get Universal Credit. The deadline to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme is 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    The number of children you have does not affect your eligibility for Universal Credit, but it may affect how much you get.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to check what benefits you could get if you\u2019re not eligible for Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    If you live with your partner

    ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s income and savings will be taken into account, even if they are not eligible for Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 18 or over and in training or studying full-time

    ", + "

    You can make a new claim for Universal Credit if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you live with your partner and they\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re responsible for a child, either as a single person or as a couple
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in further education, are 21 or under and do not have parental support, for example you\u2019re estranged from your parents and you\u2019re not under local authority care
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re moving from Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)

    ", + "

    You can make a new claim for Universal Credit if you\u2019re in full-time education and all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re entitled to Personal Independence Payment (PIP) or Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve already been assessed as having limited capability for work
    • ", + "
  • you make a new claim before your ESA ends or as soon as you\u2019re notified that your ESA claim has ended
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re 16 or 17

    ", + "

    You can make a new claim for Universal Credit if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have medical evidence and are waiting for a Work Capability Assessment
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re caring for a severely disabled person
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re responsible for a child
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a couple with responsibility for at least one child and your partner is eligible for Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re pregnant and it\u2019s 11 weeks or less before your expected week of childbirth
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a child in the last 15 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you do not have parental support, for example you\u2019re estranged from your parents and you\u2019re not under local authority care
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying full-time

    ", + "

    You can also make a claim if you\u2019re in full-time further education and any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you do not have parental support and you\u2019re not under local authority care
    • ", + "
  • you have limited capability for work and you\u2019re entitled to Personal Independence Payment (PIP) or Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re responsible for a child
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a couple with responsibility for a child and your partner is eligible for Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a couple and one of you is State Pension age

    ", + "

    You and your partner can claim Universal Credit as a couple if one of you is under State Pension age and eligible for Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    When you both reach State Pension age your Universal Credit claim will stop.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for Pension Credit or other benefits as a couple when your Universal Credit stops. Ask your Jobcentre Plus work coach what else you could be eligible for.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Your Universal Credit payment is made up of a standard allowance and any extra amounts that apply to you, for example if you:

    ", + "
  • have children
    • ", + "
  • have a disability or health condition which prevents you from working
    • ", + "
  • need help paying your rent
    • ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to see how much you could get.

    ", + "

    How much Universal Credit you get will depend on your earnings.

    ", + "

    Your circumstances are assessed every month. Changes in your circumstances can affect how much you\u2019re paid for the whole assessment period - not just from the date you report them.

    ", + "

    The benefit cap may limit the total amount of benefit you receive.

    ", + "

    Standard allowance

    ", + "Your circumstances | Monthly standard allowance", + "Single and under 25 | \u00a3344", + "Single and 25 or over | \u00a3411.51", + "In a couple and you\u2019re both under 25 | \u00a3490.60 (for you both)", + "In a couple and either of you are 25 or over | \u00a3596.58 (for you both)", + "

    Extra amounts

    ", + "

    You may get more money on top of your standard allowance if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    If you have children

    ", + "

    If you have 1 or 2 children, you\u2019ll get an extra amount for each child.

    ", + "

    If you have 3 or more children, you\u2019ll get an extra amount for at least 2 children. You can only get an extra amount for more children if any of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • your children were born before 6 April 2017
    • ", + "
  • you were already claiming for 3 or more children before 6 April 2017
    • ", + "
  • other exceptions apply
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an extra amount for any disabled or severely disabled child - no matter how many children you have or when they were born.

    ", + "How much you\u2019ll get | Extra monthly amount", + "For your first child | \u00a3282.50 (born before 6 April 2017) \u00a3237.08 (born on or after 6 April 2017)", + "For your second child and any other eligible children | \u00a3237.08 per child", + "If you have a disabled or severely disabled child | \u00a3128.89 or \u00a3402.41", + "If you need help with childcare costs | up to 85% of your costs (up to \u00a3646.35 for one child and \u00a31,108.04 for 2 or more children)", + "

    You might get the extra amount if you start caring for another child, depending on when they were born and how many children you have.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability or health condition

    ", + "How much you\u2019ll get | Extra monthly amount", + "If you have limited capability for work and work-related activity | \u00a3343.63", + "If you have limited capability for work and you started your health-related Universal Credit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) claim before 3 April 2017 | \u00a3128.89", + "

    If you get the severe disability premium you may also be entitled to an extra \u2018transitional protection\u2019 payment if you\u2019re moving to Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    If you care for a severely disabled person

    ", + "How much you\u2019ll get | Extra monthly amount", + "If you provide care for at least 35 hours a week for a severely disabled person who receives a disability-related benefit | \u00a3163.73", + "

    This is on top of any extra amount you get if you have a disabled child.

    ", + "

    Housing costs

    ", + "

    You could get money to help pay your housing costs. How much you get depends on your age and circumstances.

    ", + "

    The payment can cover rent and some service charges.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a homeowner, you might be able to get a loan to help with interest payments on your mortgage or other loans you\u2019ve taken out for your home.

    ", + "

    Other support you could get

    ", + "

    If you receive Universal Credit you may also be able to get other financial support depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    How your earnings affect your payments

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed, how much Universal Credit you get will depend on your earnings. Your Universal Credit payment will reduce gradually as you earn more - for every \u00a31 you earn your payment reduces by 63p.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no limit to how many hours you can work.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to see how increasing your hours or starting a new job could affect what you get.

    ", + "

    The work allowance

    ", + "

    You can earn a certain amount before your Universal Credit is reduced if you or your partner are either:

    ", + "
  • responsible for a child or young person
    • ", + "
  • living with a disability or health condition that affects your ability to work
    • ", + "

    This is called a \u2018work allowance\u2019. Your work allowance is lower if you get help with housing costs.

    ", + "Your circumstances | Monthly work allowance", + "You get help with housing costs | \u00a3293", + "You do not get help with housing costs | \u00a3515", + "

    If your employer has put you on temporary leave (\u2018furlough\u2019)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on furlough because your employer has no work for you, you can get up to 80% of your wages paid through the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, up to a monthly limit of \u00a32,500. Your employer takes care of this.

    ", + "

    You can check if your employer can use the scheme.

    ", + "

    If your payment stops because your earnings increased

    ", + "

    As your income increases, your payment will reduce until you\u2019re earning enough to no longer claim Universal Credit. Your payment will then be stopped. You\u2019ll be told when this happens.

    ", + "

    If your earnings decrease after this, you can claim Universal Credit again.

    ", + "

    If you received your last payment 6 months ago or less, you can restart your old claim by signing in to your Universal Credit account. You\u2019ll need to report any changes in your circumstances. If you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit, your payments will restart with the same monthly assessment period you had previously.

    ", + "

    If you received your last payment more than 6 months ago, you\u2019ll need to make a new claim for Universal Credit. You can make a new claim by signing in to your Universal Credit account. You will not be paid on the same date as your previous claim. It usually takes around 5 weeks to get your first payment.

    ", + "

    Surplus earnings

    ", + "

    If your monthly earnings are more than \u00a32,500 over the amount where your payment stopped, this becomes \u2018surplus earnings\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your surplus earnings will be carried forward to the following month, where they count towards your earnings. If your earnings (including your surplus earnings) are then still over the amount where your payment stops, you will not get a Universal Credit payment.

    ", + "

    If your earnings fall below the amount where your payment stopped, your surplus will decrease. Once your surplus has gone, you\u2019ll be able to get a Universal Credit payment again.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to reclaim Universal Credit every month until your earnings have reduced enough to get another payment.

    ", + "

    You can talk to your work coach for more information about surplus earnings.

    ", + "

    The statement in your online journal will show your work allowance and when the surplus reduces.

    ", + "

    If you separate from your partner

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re part of a couple that claims Universal Credit together, any surplus earnings will be divided equally between you if you separate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then need to re-apply individually, with your part of the surplus earnings counting towards your earnings.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse you do not take on any surplus earnings from your partner. Talk to your work coach to make sure your partner\u2019s surplus earnings are not divided between you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    You can carry over a loss (as well as a surplus) to the following month. A loss will be deducted from your next month\u2019s earnings.

    ", + "

    How you're paid

    ", + "

    Universal Credit is paid once a month, usually into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Your payment can include an amount for housing, which you\u2019ll usually need to pay to your landlord.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not able to open a bank, building society or credit union account, call the Universal Credit helpline to arrange a different way of getting paid.

    ", + "

    Find out how you\u2019ll be paid if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Your first payment

    ", + "

    It usually takes around 5 weeks to get your first payment.

    ", + "

    If you need help with your living costs while you wait for your first payment, you can apply for an advance.

    ", + "

    The wait before your first payment is made up of a one month assessment period and up to 7 days for the payment to reach your account.

    ", + "

    Payment dates

    ", + "

    After the first payment, you\u2019ll be paid on the same date of every month.

    ", + "

    If your payment date is on a weekend, you\u2019ll be paid on the working day before.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a monthly statement that tells you how much Universal Credit you\u2019re going to get.

    ", + "

    Call the helpline straight away if your payment does not arrive on time.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland

    ", + "

    You can get paid once or twice a month.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making a new claim, you\u2019ll get a notification about how often you want to be paid. You get this after your first payment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already getting Universal Credit and have not had a notification, you can ask your work coach to be paid twice a month.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re paid twice a month your first payment will be for a full month. You\u2019ll get the first half of your second month\u2019s payment a month after this. The second half will be paid 15 days later. This means there will be about a month and a half between your first payment and the full amount for your second month.

    ", + "

    After this, you\u2019ll be paid twice a month.

    ", + "

    If you live with a partner

    ", + "

    If you both claim Universal Credit, you\u2019ll get one payment each month for your household.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland and you\u2019ve chosen to be paid twice monthly, you\u2019ll receive 2 payments each month for your household.

    ", + "

    Phone the Universal Credit helpline if you\u2019re worried about getting access to this money.

    ", + "

    How often you\u2019re paid can affect your Universal Credit

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paid once a month on the same date and nothing changes in your earnings, then your Universal Credit amount should stay the same.

    ", + "

    Your Universal Credit can be affected if you receive no wages or more than one set of wages during some assessment periods. This could happen if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re paid weekly, every 2 weeks or every 4 weeks
    • ", + "
  • your monthly payment date changes, for example you get paid on the last working day of each month
    • ", + "

    If your monthly payment date changes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to sign into your online account to check how much your next monthly payment will be. If it looks like you\u2019ll get paid too much or too little Universal Credit, ask your work coach to move your wages into another assessment period.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paid weekly, every 2 weeks or every 4 weeks

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if your earnings are too high and whether you\u2019ll need to reapply to continue to get Universal Credit.

    ", + "How often you\u2019re paid by your employer | The impact", + "Every 4 weeks | Once a year, you\u2019ll get 2 sets of wages in one assessment period", + "Every 2 weeks | Twice a year, you\u2019ll get 3 sets of wages in one assessment period", + "Every week | Four times a year, you\u2019ll get 5 sets of wages in one assessment period", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Apply for Universal Credit online.

    ", + "

    You have to apply as a couple if you and your partner live together. You do not need to be married.

    ", + "

    The Universal Credit team might phone you after you\u2019ve sent your application if they need more information or if you cannot verify your identity online.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim Universal Credit and tax credits at the same time. If you get tax credits, they will stop when you or your partner applies for Universal Credit. Check how tax credits and Universal Credit affect each other.

    ", + "

    What you need to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your bank, building society or credit union account details (call the Universal Credit helpline if you do not have one)
    • ", + "
  • an email address
    • ", + "
  • information about your housing, for example how much rent you pay
    • ", + "
  • details of your income, for example payslips
    • ", + "
  • details of savings and any investments, like shares or a property that you rent out
    • ", + "
  • details of how much you pay for childcare if you\u2019re applying for help with childcare costs
    • ", + "

    If you do not provide the right information when you apply it might affect when you get paid or how much you get.

    ", + "

    You also have to verify your identity online. You\u2019ll need some proof of identity for this, for example your:

    ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • passport
    • ", + "
  • debit or credit card
    • ", + "

    Apply for Universal Credit online

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    If you cannot verify your identity online

    ", + "

    The Universal Credit team will phone you to help you verify your identity.

    ", + "

    Help with your application

    ", + "

    If you need help with your application, ask straight away - the sooner you apply for Universal Credit, the sooner you get your first payment.

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways to get help with your Universal Credit application.

    ", + "

    Universal Credit helpline

    ", + "

    Contact the Universal Credit helpline if:

    ", + "
  • you cannot use digital services at all - this might be because of disability or your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • you have a question about your claim and cannot access your online claim
    • ", + "

    British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service

    ", + "

    You can use the BSL video relay service to make a claim.

    ", + "

    Find out what you need to do to use the service.

    ", + "

    The service is available Monday to Friday, 8am to 4pm.

    ", + "

    Help to Claim

    ", + "

    Help to Claim can support you in the early stages of your Universal Credit claim, from the online application, through to support with your application before your first full payment.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s a free, independent, confidential and impartial service provided by trained advisers from Citizens Advice. They can help with things like how to gather evidence for your application or how to prepare for your first Jobcentre appointment.

    ", + "

    Get Help to Claim:

    ", + "
  • if you live in England or Wales
    • ", + "
  • if you live in Scotland
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will make an appointment to talk to you, either over the phone or face-to-face.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability or illness that affects your work

    ", + "

    You may need a Work Capability Assessment to see how your disability or health condition affects your ability to work.

    ", + "

    Depending on the outcome of your assessment you may be eligible for an extra amount on top of your standard allowance.

    ", + "

    Terminal illness

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re terminally ill, you may get extra money for Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making a new claim, you can declare this during your application. If you\u2019ve already made a claim, you\u2019ll need to report this as a change of circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve claimed Universal Credit before

    ", + "

    You can sign in to your account to make a new claim if you\u2019ve claimed Universal Credit at any time during the last 6 months.

    ", + "

    If you stopped claiming more than 6 months ago, you\u2019ll need to reapply for Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Get an advance on your first payment

    ", + "

    If you need help to pay your bills or cover other costs while you wait for your first Universal Credit payment, you can apply to get an advance.

    ", + "

    The most you can get as an advance is the amount of your first estimated payment.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for an advance payment in your online account or through your Jobcentre Plus work coach.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • explain why you need an advance
    • ", + "
  • verify your identity (you\u2019ll do this when you apply online or on the phone with a work coach)
    • ", + "
  • provide bank account details for the advance (talk to your work coach if you cannot open an account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually find out the same day if you can get an advance.

    ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    Call the Universal Credit helpline if you need help applying for an advance payment.

    ", + "

    How you pay back your advance

    ", + "

    You start paying it back out of your first payment.

    ", + "

    You can choose how many months you pay the advance back over, within the time limit. You must usually pay back the advance within:

    ", + "
  • 24 months if you apply on or after 12 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • 12 months if you applied before 12 April 2021
    • ", + "

    You do not pay interest on it - the total amount you pay back is the same.

    ", + "

    Read more about getting a Universal Credit advance.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll make an agreement called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019 with your work coach.

    ", + "

    What you need to do depends on your situation. You might need to do activities such as:

    ", + "
  • write a CV
    • ", + "
  • look and apply for jobs
    • ", + "
  • go on training courses
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to do things like:

    ", + "
  • pay your own rent and other housing costs
    • ", + "
  • report any changes in your circumstances
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming with your partner, you\u2019ll each have a Claimant Commitment and set of responsibilities.

    ", + "

    If you have children

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a single parent or the lead carer in a couple, your responsibilities will change as your youngest child gets older and will be tailored to your personal circumstances.

    ", + "Age of your youngest child | Your responsibilities", + "Under 1 | You do not need to look for work", + "Aged 1 | You do not need to look for work. You need to have phone appointments with your work coach to discuss plans for moving into work in the future", + "Aged 2 | You do not need to look for work. You need to have regular phone appointments with your work coach and do work preparation activities (for example, writing your CV)", + "Aged 3 or 4 | Work a maximum of 16 hours a week (or spend 16 hours a week looking for work)", + "Aged between 5 and 12 | Work a maximum of 25 hours a week (or spend 25 hours a week looking for work)", + "13 or older | Work a maximum of 35 hours a week (or spend 35 hours a week looking for work)", + "

    If you get support with childcare costs

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • report your childcare costs when you pay them
    • ", + "
  • prove you\u2019ve paid your childcare provider
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show proof of:

    ", + "
  • your childcare provider for each child, for example an invoice or contract that includes the provider\u2019s registration number and full contact details
    • ", + "
  • the amount you paid and when you paid it, for example a receipt or bank statement
    • ", + "

    You can report childcare costs and provide proof that you\u2019ve paid by signing in to your Universal Credit account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the childcare amount in your next Universal Credit payment.

    ", + "

    If you pay for childcare after it\u2019s been provided, you can claim up to 3 months of past costs at a time. There may be a limit to how much you get back if you claim for more than one month\u2019s fees at a time. Talk to your work coach for advice.

    ", + "

    If you pay for childcare in advance, you can claim up to 3 months of advance costs at a time. You\u2019ll be paid back in your monthly Universal Credit payments during the months the childcare is for.

    ", + "

    If your payment is stopped or reduced

    ", + "

    If you do not meet your responsibilities or what you\u2019ve agreed in your Claimant Commitment, your Universal Credit could be stopped or reduced. This is called a sanction.

    ", + "

    There are different levels of sanctions and they\u2019re decided based on what you did and how often.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get half a sanction if you apply with a partner and only one of you does not meet their responsibilities.

    ", + "

    You can appeal a sanction if you think it\u2019s wrong. Citizens Advice can help with challenging a sanction.

    ", + "

    Help if your payment is stopped or reduced

    ", + "

    You can ask for a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or hygiene needs because you got a sanction. You\u2019ll repay it through your Universal Credit payments - they\u2019ll be lower until you pay it back.

    ", + "

    You must be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve tried to:

    ", + "
  • find the money from somewhere else
    • ", + "
  • only spend money on essentials
    • ", + "

    Call the Universal Credit helpline to ask for a hardship payment.

    ", + "

    Report a change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You need to report changes to your circumstances so you keep getting the right amount each month.

    ", + "

    Changes can include:

    ", + "
  • finding or finishing a job
    • ", + "
  • having a child
    • ", + "
  • moving in with your partner
    • ", + "
  • starting to care for a child or disabled person
    • ", + "
  • changing your mobile number or email address
    • ", + "
  • moving to a new address
    • ", + "
  • changing your bank details
    • ", + "
  • your rent going up or down
    • ", + "
  • changes to your health condition
    • ", + "
  • becoming too ill to work or meet your work coach
    • ", + "
  • changes to your earnings (only if you\u2019re self-employed)
    • ", + "
  • changes to your savings, investments and how much money you have
    • ", + "
  • changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    You could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.

    ", + "

    How to report

    ", + "

    You can report a change of circumstances by signing in to your Universal Credit account.

    ", + "

    If you get a job or increase the hours you work

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator or speak with your work coach to find out how getting a job or an increase in your earnings might affect your Universal Credit claim.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    ", + "

    If you have a terminal illness

    ", + "

    You may get extra money if you\u2019re terminally ill.

    ", + "

    If your life expectancy is more than 6 months

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to report this in the same way as any other change of circumstance.

    ", + "

    If your life expectancy is less than 6 months

    ", + "

    Report the change online through your Universal Credit account. You\u2019ll be contacted about what to do next.

    ", + "

    You can also get someone else to report the change for you. They\u2019ll need to ask a doctor or healthcare professional to fill in form DS1500 (the doctor will have the form already). Either the doctor or your representative can send it to:

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already sent form DS1500 for Personal Independence Payment or Employment and Support Allowance, you do not need to send it again.

    ", + "

    You will not need to have a Work Capability Assessment.

    ", + "

    Other financial support

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in financial difficulties, you can get help and advice from the government, local councils and other organisations.

    ", + "

    Advance and hardship payments

    ", + "

    If you do not have enough to live on while you wait for your first payment you can ask for an advance payment after you\u2019ve made a claim.

    ", + "

    You can also ask for a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or hygiene needs because you got a sanction.

    ", + "

    You need to pay it back through your Universal Credit payments - they\u2019ll be lower until you pay it back.

    ", + "

    Alternative Payment Arrangements

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re having financial difficulties or you\u2019re behind on your rent, you or your landlord may be able to apply for an Alternative Payment Arrangement (APA).

    ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you could get an APA to:

    ", + "
  • get your rent paid directly to your landlord
    • ", + "
  • get paid more frequently than once a month
    • ", + "
  • receive split payments, if you\u2019re part of a couple
    • ", + "

    Speak to your work coach to apply for an APA.

    ", + "

    Budgeting Advance

    ", + "

    You might be able to get a Budgeting Advance to help with:

    ", + "
  • emergency household costs such as replacing a broken cooker
    • ", + "
  • getting a job or staying in work
    • ", + "
  • funeral costs
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll repay it through your regular Universal Credit payments - these will be lower until you pay it back. If you stop getting Universal Credit, you\u2019ll have to repay the money in another way.

    ", + "

    How much you can borrow

    ", + "

    The smallest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100. You can get up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3348 if you\u2019re single
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3464 if you\u2019re part of a couple
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3812 if you have children
    • ", + "

    What you get depends on whether you have savings of over \u00a31,000 and can pay the loan back.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To get a Budgeting Advance, all of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been getting Universal Credit, Employment and Support Allowance, Income Support, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or State Pension Credit for 6 months or more, unless you need the money to help you start a new job or stay in work
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve earned less than \u00a32,600 (\u00a33,600 together for couples) in the past 6 months
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve paid off any previous Budgeting Advance loans
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Sign into your Universal Credit account and contact your work coach. They can tell you how to apply.

    ", + "

    Other benefits you can claim

    ", + "

    If you want to claim a benefit without your savings, your partner\u2019s savings or their income being taken into account, you can apply for either:

    ", + "
  • \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to find out what other benefits you could get, for example Personal Independence Payment if you\u2019re disabled.

    ", + "

    Other financial support you might get

    ", + "

    If you receive Universal Credit you may be able to get other payments too.

    ", + "

    The support you could get might be different in Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    Help with housing costs and bills

    ", + "

    You might be able to get:

    ", + "
  • BT Basic (or KCOM Flex Packages for the East Riding or Hull City Council local authority areas) if you have no income
    • ", + "
  • a Cold Weather Payment
    • ", + "
  • Disabled Facilities Grants
    • ", + "
  • Discretionary Housing Payments if your Universal Credit payment is not enough to pay your rent
    • ", + "
  • Energy Company Obligation (ECO) Affordable Warmth
    • ", + "
  • a reduction in your Council Tax
    • ", + "
  • WaterSure to cap your bills if you have a water meter
    • ", + "

    You can get advice on reducing your energy bills from:

    ", + "
  • Simple Energy Advice - in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • Energy Savings Trust Scotland - in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Bryson Energy - in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Help if you\u2019re pregnant or have a child

    ", + "

    You might be able to get:

    ", + "
  • free early education for 2 year olds
    • ", + "
  • free school meals
    • ", + "
  • Healthy Start vouchers (in England and Wales) if you\u2019re pregnant or have a child under 4 years old
    • ", + "
  • Best Start Foods and a Best Start Grant (in Scotland) if you\u2019re pregnant or have a child under 4 years old
    • ", + "
  • a Sure Start Maternity Grant in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • a Pregnancy and Baby payment in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Help with legal costs

    ", + "

    You might be able to get:

    ", + "
  • help with prison visiting costs
    • ", + "
  • help with the costs of using courts or tribunals
    • ", + "
  • legal aid
    • ", + "

    Help with other costs

    ", + "

    You might be able to get:

    ", + "
  • help with health costs, including prescriptions and dental treatment
    • ", + "
  • a Funeral Expenses Payment
    • ", + "
  • help with building up savings through Help to Save
    • ", + "

    Advice on money and debt

    ", + "

    You can get help and advice from:

    ", + "
  • your Jobcentre Plus work coach
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • Money Advice Trust
    • ", + "
  • the Money Manager tool from Money Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • My Money Steps
    • ", + "
  • National Debtline
    • ", + "
  • Shelter for help with housing and homelessness
    • ", + "
  • StepChange
    • ", + "
  • Turn2Us
    • ", + "

    Contact Universal Credit

    ", + "

    You can contact Universal Credit:

    ", + "
  • through your online account
    • ", + "
  • by calling the Universal Credit helpline
    • ", + "

    If your query is about claiming \u2018new style\u2019 benefits with Universal Credit

    ", + "

    You could get \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) at the same time or instead of Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    Apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA online or contact the Universal Credit helpline.

    ", + "

    Apply for \u2019new style\u2019 JSA

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 JSA online or contact the Jobcentre Plus helpline.

    ", + "

    If you have a query about an existing claim for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA or JSA

    ", + "

    Contact the Jobcentre Plus helpline.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/pension-credit": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pension-credit", + "title": "Pension Credit", + "content": "## Overview\n\nPension Credit gives you extra money to help with your living costs if you\u2019re over State Pension age and on a low income. Pension Credit can also help with housing costs such as ground rent or service charges.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou might get extra help if you\u2019re a carer, severely disabled, or responsible for a child or young person.\n\nPension Credit is separate from your State Pension.\n\nYou can get Pension Credit even if you have other income, savings or own your own home.\n\nThis guide covers Pension Credit in England, Scotland and Wales. Find out about Pension Credit in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Other help if you get Pension Credit\n\nIf you get Pension Credit you can also get other help, such as:\n\n- Housing Benefit if you rent the property you live in\n\n- Support for Mortgage Interest if you own the property you live in\n\n- Council Tax Reduction\n\n- a free TV licence if you\u2019re aged 75 or over\n\n- help with NHS dental treatment, glasses and transport costs for hospital appointments\n\n- help with your heating costs\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must live in England, Scotland or Wales and have reached State Pension age to qualify for Pension Credit.\n\nFind out about Pension Credit in Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you have a partner\n\nYou must include your partner on your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be eligible if either:\n\n- you and your partner have both reached State Pension age\n\n- one of you is getting Housing Benefit for people over State Pension age\n\nA partner is either:\n\n- your husband, wife or civil partner - if you live with them\n\n- someone you live with as a couple, without being married or in a civil partnership\n\n## Your income\n\nWhen you apply for Pension Credit your income is calculated. If you have a partner, your income is calculated together.\n\nPension Credit tops up:\n\n- your weekly income to \u00a3177.10 if you\u2019re single\n\n- your joint weekly income to \u00a3270.30 if you have a partner\n\nIf your income is higher, you might still be eligible for Pension Credit if you have a disability, you care for someone, you have savings or you have housing costs.\n\n## What counts as income\n\nYour income includes:\n\n- State Pension\n\n- other pensions\n\n- earnings from employment and self-employment\n\n- most social security benefits, for example Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n## What does not count as income\n\nNot all benefits are counted as income. For example, the following are not counted:\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Christmas Bonus\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n- Personal Independence Payment\n\n- social fund payments like Winter Fuel Allowance\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Council Tax Reduction\n\n## If you\u2019ve deferred your pension\n\nIf you\u2019re entitled to a personal or workplace pension and you have not claimed it yet, the amount you\u2019d expect to get still counts as income.\n\nIf you\u2019ve deferred your State Pension, the amount of State Pension you would get is counted as income.\n\nYou cannot build up extra amounts for deferring your State Pension if you or your partner are getting Pension Credit.\n\n## Your savings and investments\n\nIf you have \u00a310,000 or less in savings and investments this will not affect your Pension Credit.\n\nIf you have more than \u00a310,000, every \u00a3500 over \u00a310,000 counts as \u00a31 income a week. For example, if you have \u00a311,000 in savings, this counts as \u00a32 income a week.\n\nContact the Pension Service helpline if your circumstances change.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nPension Credit tops up:\n\n- your weekly income to \u00a3177.10 if you\u2019re single\n\n- your joint weekly income to \u00a3270.30 if you have a partner\n\nYou may get extra amounts if you have other responsibilities and costs.\n\nThe top up and extra amounts are known as \u2018Guarantee Credit\u2019.\n\n## If you have a severe disability\n\nYou could get an extra \u00a367.30 a week if you get any of the following:\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- the middle or highest rate care component of Disability Living Allowance (DLA)\n\n- Personal Independence Payment (PIP)\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\n## If you care for another adult\n\nYou could get an extra \u00a337.70 a week if:\n\n- you get Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- you\u2019ve claimed Carer\u2019s Allowance but are not being paid because you already get another benefit paying a higher amount\n\nIf you and your partner have both claimed or are getting Carer\u2019s Allowance, you can both get this extra amount.\n\n## If you\u2019re responsible for children or young people\n\nYou could get an extra \u00a354.60 a week for each child or young person you\u2019re responsible for. This is increased to \u00a365.10 a week for the first child if they were born before 6 April 2017.\n\nThe child or young person must normally live with you and be under the age of 20.\n\nIf they\u2019re 16 or over and under 20, they must be in (or accepted for):\n\n- approved training, such as Foundation Apprenticeships\n\n- a course of non-advanced education (for example, they\u2019re studying for GCSEs or A levels)\n\nIf they\u2019re in education, it must be for more than 12 hours a week on average.\n\nIf you get Tax Credits, you cannot get this extra amount of Pension Credit for caring for a child. But you might be eligible for Child Tax Credits.\n\n## If the child or young person is disabled\n\nIf the child or young person is disabled, you could also get an extra amount of either:\n\n- \u00a329.66 a week if they get DLA or PIP\n\n- \u00a392.54 a week if they\u2019re blind or they get the highest rate care component of DLA, or the enhanced daily living component of PIP\n\n## If you have housing costs\n\nYou could get an extra amount to cover your housing costs, such as:\n\n- ground rent if your property is a leasehold\n\n- some service charges\n\n- charges for tents and site rents\n\nThe amount you could get depends on your housing costs.\n\nIf you get Pension Credit, you could also be eligible for:\n\n- Council Tax Reduction\n\n- Housing Benefit if you rent the property you live in\n\n- Support for Mortgage Interest if you own the property you live in\n\n## If you have savings or a second pension\n\nYou could get the \u2018Savings Credit\u2019 part of Pension Credit if both of the following apply:\n\n- you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\n- you saved some money for retirement, for example a personal or workplace pension\n\nYou\u2019ll get up to \u00a314.04 Savings Credit a week if you\u2019re single. If you have a partner, you\u2019ll get up to \u00a315.71 a week.\n\nYou might still get some Savings Credit even if you do not get the Guarantee Credit part of Pension Credit.\n\n## Other help if you get Pension Credit\n\nIf you get Pension Credit you\u2019ll automatically get cold weather payments.\n\nYou\u2019ll also be eligible to:\n\n- get help with NHS costs, such as prescriptions, dental treatment, glasses and transport costs for hospital appointments\n\n- apply for a free TV licence if you\u2019re aged 75 or over\n\n## Find out how much you could get\n\nUse the Pension Credit calculator to work out how much you might get.\n\nContact the Pension Service helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether you\u2019re eligible for extra amounts.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, for example a bank account.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can start your application up to 4 months before you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou can apply any time after you reach State Pension age but your application can only be backdated by 3 months. This means you can get up to 3 months of Pension Credit in your first payment if you were eligible during that time.\n\n## Information you\u2019ll need\n\nYou\u2019ll need the following information about you and your partner if you have one:\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- information about any income, savings and investments you have\n\n- information about your income, savings and investments on the date you want to backdate your application to (usually 3 months ago or the date you reached State Pension age)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need your bank account details if you\u2019re applying by phone or by post.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can use the online service if:\n\n- you have already claimed your State Pension\n\n- there are no children or young people included in your application\n\nApply now\n\n## Apply by phone\n\nA friend or family member can call for you if you cannot use the phone.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nTo apply by post, print out and fill in the Pension Credit claim form or call the claim line to request a form.\n\nSend the claim form to the Pension Service, or ask someone to do it for you.\n\nContact a voluntary organisation like Citizens Advice or Age UK if you need help with the form.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your Pension Credit application. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Report a change of circumstances\n\nYou need to report changes to you and your partner\u2019s personal and financial circumstances.\n\nYour claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change straight away. Some changes will increase the amount of Pension Credit you could get.\n\n## Changes to your personal circumstances\n\nA change of personal circumstances can include:\n\n- moving to a new address\n\n- starting or stopping living with a partner\n\n- the death of a partner who is named on your claim\n\n- starting or stopping work\n\n- going into hospital or a care home\n\n- people moving in or out of your house\n\n- changing your name\n\n- switching your bank account\n\n- changes to your Post Office card account\n\n- leaving England, Scotland and Wales for any period (for example, going on holiday)\n\n- you start or stop looking after a child or young person under the age of 20\n\n- changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\n## Changes to your financial circumstances\n\nYou also need to report if your income or expenses change. This can include changes to:\n\n- housing costs, for example ground rent or service charges\n\n- benefits that anyone living in your home gets - including getting a new benefit or a benefit being stopped\n\n- occupational or personal pensions - including if you start to get a new pension or take a lump sum out of your pension pot\n\n- other income, for example foreign pensions or Working Tax Credits\n\n- savings, investments or property\n\nCall the Pension Credit helpline if you\u2019re not sure if you need to report a change.\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## How to report a change\n\nYou can also report by post. The address is on the letters you get about your Pension Credit.\n\n## Living with a partner under State Pension age\n\nYou will stop getting Pension Credit if you start living with a partner who is under State Pension age. You can start getting it again when your partner reaches State Pension age.\n\nIf you were living with a partner under State Pension age before 15 May 2019 and getting Pension Credit, you\u2019ll keep getting it unless you stop being eligible. If this happens, you usually won\u2019t be able to get Pension Credit again until you and your partner are both eligible.\n\nIf you cannot get Pension Credit, you might be entitled to Universal Credit instead, but you and your partner cannot get both at the same time. If one of you starts getting Universal Credit you\u2019ll stop being eligible for Pension Credit.\n\n## If you have an Assessed Income Period (AIP)\n\nAn AIP is a period of time when you do not have to report changes to your pensions, savings or investments.\n\nIf you have an AIP you must still report all other changes to your personal circumstances.\n\nYour Pension Credit award letter will tell you if you have an AIP. You may have one if you\u2019re aged 75 or over and you started getting Pension Credit before 6 April 2016.\n\nYour AIP will end if your household circumstances change, for example if you move into a care home or if you become a member of a couple.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter saying your AIP has ended. From then on, you must report all changes to your circumstances, including changes to your pensions, savings or investments.\n\nCall the Pension Service helpline if you\u2019re not sure if you need to report a change.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Pension Credit gives you extra money to help with your living costs if you\u2019re over State Pension age and on a low income. Pension Credit can also help with housing costs such as ground rent or service charges.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You might get extra help if you\u2019re a carer, severely disabled, or responsible for a child or young person.

    ", + "

    Pension Credit is separate from your State Pension.

    ", + "

    You can get Pension Credit even if you have other income, savings or own your own home.

    ", + "

    This guide covers Pension Credit in England, Scotland and Wales. Find out about Pension Credit in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Other help if you get Pension Credit

    ", + "

    If you get Pension Credit you can also get other help, such as:

    ", + "
  • Housing Benefit if you rent the property you live in
    • ", + "
  • Support for Mortgage Interest if you own the property you live in
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax Reduction
    • ", + "
  • a free TV licence if you\u2019re aged 75 or over
    • ", + "
  • help with NHS dental treatment, glasses and transport costs for hospital appointments
    • ", + "
  • help with your heating costs
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must live in England, Scotland or Wales and have reached State Pension age to qualify for Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    Find out about Pension Credit in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you have a partner

    ", + "

    You must include your partner on your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be eligible if either:

    ", + "
  • you and your partner have both reached State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • one of you is getting Housing Benefit for people over State Pension age
    • ", + "

    A partner is either:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife or civil partner - if you live with them
    • ", + "
  • someone you live with as a couple, without being married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    Your income

    ", + "

    When you apply for Pension Credit your income is calculated. If you have a partner, your income is calculated together.

    ", + "

    Pension Credit tops up:

    ", + "
  • your weekly income to \u00a3177.10 if you\u2019re single
    • ", + "
  • your joint weekly income to \u00a3270.30 if you have a partner
    • ", + "

    If your income is higher, you might still be eligible for Pension Credit if you have a disability, you care for someone, you have savings or you have housing costs.

    ", + "

    What counts as income

    ", + "

    Your income includes:

    ", + "
  • State Pension
    • ", + "
  • other pensions
    • ", + "
  • earnings from employment and self-employment
    • ", + "
  • most social security benefits, for example Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    What does not count as income

    ", + "

    Not all benefits are counted as income. For example, the following are not counted:

    ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Christmas Bonus
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • social fund payments like Winter Fuel Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax Reduction
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve deferred your pension

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re entitled to a personal or workplace pension and you have not claimed it yet, the amount you\u2019d expect to get still counts as income.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve deferred your State Pension, the amount of State Pension you would get is counted as income.

    ", + "

    You cannot build up extra amounts for deferring your State Pension if you or your partner are getting Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    Your savings and investments

    ", + "

    If you have \u00a310,000 or less in savings and investments this will not affect your Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    If you have more than \u00a310,000, every \u00a3500 over \u00a310,000 counts as \u00a31 income a week. For example, if you have \u00a311,000 in savings, this counts as \u00a32 income a week.

    ", + "

    Contact the Pension Service helpline if your circumstances change.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Pension Credit tops up:

    ", + "
  • your weekly income to \u00a3177.10 if you\u2019re single
    • ", + "
  • your joint weekly income to \u00a3270.30 if you have a partner
    • ", + "

    You may get extra amounts if you have other responsibilities and costs.

    ", + "

    The top up and extra amounts are known as \u2018Guarantee Credit\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you have a severe disability

    ", + "

    You could get an extra \u00a367.30 a week if you get any of the following:

    ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • the middle or highest rate care component of Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    If you care for another adult

    ", + "

    You could get an extra \u00a337.70 a week if:

    ", + "
  • you get Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve claimed Carer\u2019s Allowance but are not being paid because you already get another benefit paying a higher amount
    • ", + "

    If you and your partner have both claimed or are getting Carer\u2019s Allowance, you can both get this extra amount.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re responsible for children or young people

    ", + "

    You could get an extra \u00a354.60 a week for each child or young person you\u2019re responsible for. This is increased to \u00a365.10 a week for the first child if they were born before 6 April 2017.

    ", + "

    The child or young person must normally live with you and be under the age of 20.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re 16 or over and under 20, they must be in (or accepted for):

    ", + "
  • approved training, such as Foundation Apprenticeships
    • ", + "
  • a course of non-advanced education (for example, they\u2019re studying for GCSEs or A levels)
    • ", + "

    If they\u2019re in education, it must be for more than 12 hours a week on average.

    ", + "

    If you get Tax Credits, you cannot get this extra amount of Pension Credit for caring for a child. But you might be eligible for Child Tax Credits.

    ", + "

    If the child or young person is disabled

    ", + "

    If the child or young person is disabled, you could also get an extra amount of either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a329.66 a week if they get DLA or PIP
    • ", + "
  • \u00a392.54 a week if they\u2019re blind or they get the highest rate care component of DLA, or the enhanced daily living component of PIP
    • ", + "

    If you have housing costs

    ", + "

    You could get an extra amount to cover your housing costs, such as:

    ", + "
  • ground rent if your property is a leasehold
    • ", + "
  • some service charges
    • ", + "
  • charges for tents and site rents
    • ", + "

    The amount you could get depends on your housing costs.

    ", + "

    If you get Pension Credit, you could also be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • Council Tax Reduction
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit if you rent the property you live in
    • ", + "
  • Support for Mortgage Interest if you own the property you live in
    • ", + "

    If you have savings or a second pension

    ", + "

    You could get the \u2018Savings Credit\u2019 part of Pension Credit if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • you saved some money for retirement, for example a personal or workplace pension
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get up to \u00a314.04 Savings Credit a week if you\u2019re single. If you have a partner, you\u2019ll get up to \u00a315.71 a week.

    ", + "

    You might still get some Savings Credit even if you do not get the Guarantee Credit part of Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    Other help if you get Pension Credit

    ", + "

    If you get Pension Credit you\u2019ll automatically get cold weather payments.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be eligible to:

    ", + "
  • get help with NHS costs, such as prescriptions, dental treatment, glasses and transport costs for hospital appointments
    • ", + "
  • apply for a free TV licence if you\u2019re aged 75 or over
    • ", + "

    Find out how much you could get

    ", + "

    Use the Pension Credit calculator to work out how much you might get.

    ", + "

    Contact the Pension Service helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether you\u2019re eligible for extra amounts.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, for example a bank account.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can start your application up to 4 months before you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You can apply any time after you reach State Pension age but your application can only be backdated by 3 months. This means you can get up to 3 months of Pension Credit in your first payment if you were eligible during that time.

    ", + "

    Information you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the following information about you and your partner if you have one:

    ", + "
  • National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • information about any income, savings and investments you have
    • ", + "
  • information about your income, savings and investments on the date you want to backdate your application to (usually 3 months ago or the date you reached State Pension age)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need your bank account details if you\u2019re applying by phone or by post.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can use the online service if:

    ", + "
  • you have already claimed your State Pension
    • ", + "
  • there are no children or young people included in your application
    • ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Apply by phone

    ", + "

    A friend or family member can call for you if you cannot use the phone.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    To apply by post, print out and fill in the Pension Credit claim form or call the claim line to request a form.

    ", + "

    Send the claim form to the Pension Service, or ask someone to do it for you.

    ", + "

    Contact a voluntary organisation like Citizens Advice or Age UK if you need help with the form.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your Pension Credit application. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Report a change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You need to report changes to you and your partner\u2019s personal and financial circumstances.

    ", + "

    Your claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change straight away. Some changes will increase the amount of Pension Credit you could get.

    ", + "

    Changes to your personal circumstances

    ", + "

    A change of personal circumstances can include:

    ", + "
  • moving to a new address
    • ", + "
  • starting or stopping living with a partner
    • ", + "
  • the death of a partner who is named on your claim
    • ", + "
  • starting or stopping work
    • ", + "
  • going into hospital or a care home
    • ", + "
  • people moving in or out of your house
    • ", + "
  • changing your name
    • ", + "
  • switching your bank account
    • ", + "
  • changes to your Post Office card account
    • ", + "
  • leaving England, Scotland and Wales for any period (for example, going on holiday)
    • ", + "
  • you start or stop looking after a child or young person under the age of 20
    • ", + "
  • changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    Changes to your financial circumstances

    ", + "

    You also need to report if your income or expenses change. This can include changes to:

    ", + "
  • housing costs, for example ground rent or service charges
    • ", + "
  • benefits that anyone living in your home gets - including getting a new benefit or a benefit being stopped
    • ", + "
  • occupational or personal pensions - including if you start to get a new pension or take a lump sum out of your pension pot
    • ", + "
  • other income, for example foreign pensions or Working Tax Credits
    • ", + "
  • savings, investments or property
    • ", + "

    Call the Pension Credit helpline if you\u2019re not sure if you need to report a change.

    ", + "

    You could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.

    ", + "

    How to report a change

    ", + "

    You can also report by post. The address is on the letters you get about your Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    Living with a partner under State Pension age

    ", + "

    You will stop getting Pension Credit if you start living with a partner who is under State Pension age. You can start getting it again when your partner reaches State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you were living with a partner under State Pension age before 15 May 2019 and getting Pension Credit, you\u2019ll keep getting it unless you stop being eligible. If this happens, you usually won\u2019t be able to get Pension Credit again until you and your partner are both eligible.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get Pension Credit, you might be entitled to Universal Credit instead, but you and your partner cannot get both at the same time. If one of you starts getting Universal Credit you\u2019ll stop being eligible for Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    If you have an Assessed Income Period (AIP)

    ", + "

    An AIP is a period of time when you do not have to report changes to your pensions, savings or investments.

    ", + "

    If you have an AIP you must still report all other changes to your personal circumstances.

    ", + "

    Your Pension Credit award letter will tell you if you have an AIP. You may have one if you\u2019re aged 75 or over and you started getting Pension Credit before 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    Your AIP will end if your household circumstances change, for example if you move into a care home or if you become a member of a couple.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter saying your AIP has ended. From then on, you must report all changes to your circumstances, including changes to your pensions, savings or investments.

    ", + "

    Call the Pension Service helpline if you\u2019re not sure if you need to report a change.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/moving-from-benefits-to-work": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/moving-from-benefits-to-work", + "title": "Help with moving from benefits to work", + "content": "## Overview\n\nGet support from Jobcentre Plus to help you prepare for, find and stay in work, including:\n\n- training, guidance and work placement programmes\n\n- work experience, volunteering and job trialling schemes\n\n- help with starting your own business\n\n- help combining work with looking after children or caring responsibilities\n\n- extra help for specific problems\n\nYou may also be able to keep getting some benefits once you start working.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Support for disabled people\n\nSpeak to your local Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re disabled or have a long-term health condition. They can help you find a job or gain new skills, and tell you about specific programmes to help you back into work.\n\nYou might be able to get an Access to Work grant to pay for:\n\n- special equipment, adaptations or support worker services to help you do things like answer the phone or go to meetings\n\n- help getting to and from work\n\n- mental health support\n\n- communication support at a job interview (for example, a British Sign Language interpreter or a lipspeaker)\n\n## Job search programmes\n\nYour Jobcentre Plus work coach can give you more information about programmes that can help you prepare for, find and stay in work.\n\nIf you live in Scotland, you can also get help from Fair Start Scotland.\n\n## Work Programme\n\nThe Work Programme stopped taking new participants on 1 April 2017. If you\u2019re already taking part, you can continue to do so for up to 2 years from the date you joined.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to attend an assessment interview with Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019ve been on the Work Programme for 2 years. The interview will help you plan, prepare and find work.\n\n## Help for specific types of work\n\nSector-based work academies offer training and work experience for up to 6 weeks in a particular industry or area of work.\n\nMost academies also offer a guaranteed interview for a job or an apprenticeship.\n\nThey\u2019re available to you if you\u2019re claiming any of the following because you\u2019re unemployed:\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (if you\u2019re in the Work-Related Activity Group)\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n## Work clubs\n\nAnyone who\u2019s unemployed can join a Work Club. They\u2019re run by local organisations like employers and community groups, and give you the chance to share knowledge, experience and job hunting tips.\n\n## Work experience and volunteering\n\nContact Jobcentre Plus to find out about opportunities that can improve your chances of finding work, including work experience, volunteering and work trials.\n\nYou might be able to get help with costs like childcare and travel.\n\n## Work experience\n\nIf you\u2019re getting Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) or Universal Credit, you can get work experience through Jobcentre Plus.\n\nWork experience can last between 2 and 8 weeks, and you\u2019ll normally be expected to work between 25 and 30 hours a week. You\u2019ll carry on getting your JSA or Universal Credit payment as long as you continue to look for work.\n\nYou may also be able to get help from Jobcentre Plus for costs related to work experience, for example for travel or childcare.\n\n## Work Together (volunteering)\n\nIf you\u2019re unemployed and looking for work, you can volunteer with a local organisation through the Work Together programme. Your Jobcentre Plus work coach will help you to find a volunteering opportunity.\n\n## Work trials\n\nA work trial gives you the chance to try out a job and keep getting benefits. It can last up to 30 working days, and you might get offered a job at the end.\n\nWork trials are voluntary, and your benefits will not be affected if you finish early or turn down a job you\u2019re offered.\n\nYour Jobcentre Plus can arrange a work trial for you, or you can ask them about how to do this yourself.\n\n## Employment on Trial\n\nEmployment on Trial allows you to leave a job and start claiming JSA again without this affecting your benefit (unless you\u2019re sacked or leave because of misconduct).\n\nYou must have worked more than 16 hours a week for between 4 and 12 weeks before leaving the job.\n\n## Starting or running your own business\n\nYou may be able to get New Enterprise Allowance to help you:\n\n- start your own business\n\n- develop your business, if you\u2019re already self-employed\n\n## Starting your own business\n\nYou could get mentoring and an allowance to help you start your own business through New Enterprise Allowance.\n\nYou may be eligible if you\u2019re over 18 and either:\n\n- you or your partner get Universal Credit, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- you get Income Support and you\u2019re a lone parent, sick or disabled\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nYou\u2019ll get a mentor who\u2019ll give you advice and support to help you set up your business and start to trade.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve made a business plan that your mentor has approved, you:\n\n- may get a weekly allowance worth up to \u00a31,274 over 26 weeks\n\n- can apply for a loan to help with start-up costs\n\n## How to get New Enterprise Allowance\n\nTalk to your Jobcentre Plus work coach. They\u2019ll check your business idea and help you if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Developing your business\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed and getting Universal Credit, you may be able to:\n\n- get a mentor who\u2019ll give you advice and support to help you develop your business\n\n- apply for a start-up loan if your business is less than 2 years old\n\nTo find out if you\u2019re eligible for New Enterprise Allowance, contact your work coach by signing in to your Universal Credit account.\n\n## If you\u2019re disabled or you have a health condition\n\nYou may be able to get extra support through an Access to Work grant.\n\n## Help for parents and carers\n\nYour Jobcentre Plus work coach can tell you about support you can get to help you combine work with looking after children or caring responsibilities.\n\n## Help for parents\n\nParents can get help with childcare costs when moving from benefits to work.\n\n## Help for carers\n\nWork Preparation Support for Carers provides help and support for you to make a successful move into work, including access to training and advice on job hunting and applications.\n\nYou might be able to get help with the cost of replacement care while you take part in training or attend interviews.\n\n## Help with drug and alcohol problems\n\nYou may be able to get extra support if you have drug or alcohol problems that are stopping you working.\n\nYour Jobcentre Plus work coach can tell you about the help available from specialist drugs or alcohol treatment professionals in your area, and refer you to their services if you want.\n\nThis help is available to anyone getting benefits.\n\n## Support when you start working\n\nGoing back to work does not mean giving up all your benefits. Some benefits may carry on, and others may be available once you\u2019re working.\n\nContact Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019ve found a job and you or your partner have been getting:\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Universal Credit\n\nYour Jobcentre Plus work coach will help you to manage your move into work, and sort out changes to your other benefits, including tax credits. What you can get will depend on how long you were claiming these benefits without a break.\n\nYou do not have to fill in any forms, but make sure you have details of your income, savings and any rent payments to hand.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to see how starting a job or increasing your working hours affects your benefits.\n\n## Help with housing\n\nDepending on how long you have been claiming benefits, you may be able to get:\n\n- Mortgage Interest Run On\n\n- Extended Payment of Housing Benefit\n\nThese payments provide help for up to 4 weeks when you start a new job and begin earning a wage. You may also be able to get extended reductions on your Council Tax.\n\n## If you\u2019re disabled or you have a health condition\n\nYou may be able to get extra support through an Access to Work grant.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Get support from Jobcentre Plus to help you prepare for, find and stay in work, including:

    ", + "
  • training, guidance and work placement programmes
    • ", + "
  • work experience, volunteering and job trialling schemes
    • ", + "
  • help with starting your own business
    • ", + "
  • help combining work with looking after children or caring responsibilities
    • ", + "
  • extra help for specific problems
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to keep getting some benefits once you start working.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Support for disabled people

    ", + "

    Speak to your local Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re disabled or have a long-term health condition. They can help you find a job or gain new skills, and tell you about specific programmes to help you back into work.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get an Access to Work grant to pay for:

    ", + "
  • special equipment, adaptations or support worker services to help you do things like answer the phone or go to meetings
    • ", + "
  • help getting to and from work
    • ", + "
  • mental health support
    • ", + "
  • communication support at a job interview (for example, a British Sign Language interpreter or a lipspeaker)
    • ", + "

    Job search programmes

    ", + "

    Your Jobcentre Plus work coach can give you more information about programmes that can help you prepare for, find and stay in work.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland, you can also get help from Fair Start Scotland.

    ", + "

    Work Programme

    ", + "

    The Work Programme stopped taking new participants on 1 April 2017. If you\u2019re already taking part, you can continue to do so for up to 2 years from the date you joined.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to attend an assessment interview with Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019ve been on the Work Programme for 2 years. The interview will help you plan, prepare and find work.

    ", + "

    Help for specific types of work

    ", + "

    Sector-based work academies offer training and work experience for up to 6 weeks in a particular industry or area of work.

    ", + "

    Most academies also offer a guaranteed interview for a job or an apprenticeship.

    ", + "

    They\u2019re available to you if you\u2019re claiming any of the following because you\u2019re unemployed:

    ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (if you\u2019re in the Work-Related Activity Group)
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    Work clubs

    ", + "

    Anyone who\u2019s unemployed can join a Work Club. They\u2019re run by local organisations like employers and community groups, and give you the chance to share knowledge, experience and job hunting tips.

    ", + "

    Work experience and volunteering

    ", + "

    Contact Jobcentre Plus to find out about opportunities that can improve your chances of finding work, including work experience, volunteering and work trials.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get help with costs like childcare and travel.

    ", + "

    Work experience

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) or Universal Credit, you can get work experience through Jobcentre Plus.

    ", + "

    Work experience can last between 2 and 8 weeks, and you\u2019ll normally be expected to work between 25 and 30 hours a week. You\u2019ll carry on getting your JSA or Universal Credit payment as long as you continue to look for work.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get help from Jobcentre Plus for costs related to work experience, for example for travel or childcare.

    ", + "

    Work Together (volunteering)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unemployed and looking for work, you can volunteer with a local organisation through the Work Together programme. Your Jobcentre Plus work coach will help you to find a volunteering opportunity.

    ", + "

    Work trials

    ", + "

    A work trial gives you the chance to try out a job and keep getting benefits. It can last up to 30 working days, and you might get offered a job at the end.

    ", + "

    Work trials are voluntary, and your benefits will not be affected if you finish early or turn down a job you\u2019re offered.

    ", + "

    Your Jobcentre Plus can arrange a work trial for you, or you can ask them about how to do this yourself.

    ", + "

    Employment on Trial

    ", + "

    Employment on Trial allows you to leave a job and start claiming JSA again without this affecting your benefit (unless you\u2019re sacked or leave because of misconduct).

    ", + "

    You must have worked more than 16 hours a week for between 4 and 12 weeks before leaving the job.

    ", + "

    Starting or running your own business

    ", + "

    You may be able to get New Enterprise Allowance to help you:

    ", + "
  • start your own business
    • ", + "
  • develop your business, if you\u2019re already self-employed
    • ", + "

    Starting your own business

    ", + "

    You could get mentoring and an allowance to help you start your own business through New Enterprise Allowance.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible if you\u2019re over 18 and either:

    ", + "
  • you or your partner get Universal Credit, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • you get Income Support and you\u2019re a lone parent, sick or disabled
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a mentor who\u2019ll give you advice and support to help you set up your business and start to trade.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve made a business plan that your mentor has approved, you:

    ", + "
  • may get a weekly allowance worth up to \u00a31,274 over 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • can apply for a loan to help with start-up costs
    • ", + "

    How to get New Enterprise Allowance

    ", + "

    Talk to your Jobcentre Plus work coach. They\u2019ll check your business idea and help you if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Developing your business

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed and getting Universal Credit, you may be able to:

    ", + "
  • get a mentor who\u2019ll give you advice and support to help you develop your business
    • ", + "
  • apply for a start-up loan if your business is less than 2 years old
    • ", + "

    To find out if you\u2019re eligible for New Enterprise Allowance, contact your work coach by signing in to your Universal Credit account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled or you have a health condition

    ", + "

    You may be able to get extra support through an Access to Work grant.

    ", + "

    Help for parents and carers

    ", + "

    Your Jobcentre Plus work coach can tell you about support you can get to help you combine work with looking after children or caring responsibilities.

    ", + "

    Help for parents

    ", + "

    Parents can get help with childcare costs when moving from benefits to work.

    ", + "

    Help for carers

    ", + "

    Work Preparation Support for Carers provides help and support for you to make a successful move into work, including access to training and advice on job hunting and applications.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get help with the cost of replacement care while you take part in training or attend interviews.

    ", + "

    Help with drug and alcohol problems

    ", + "

    You may be able to get extra support if you have drug or alcohol problems that are stopping you working.

    ", + "

    Your Jobcentre Plus work coach can tell you about the help available from specialist drugs or alcohol treatment professionals in your area, and refer you to their services if you want.

    ", + "

    This help is available to anyone getting benefits.

    ", + "

    Support when you start working

    ", + "

    Going back to work does not mean giving up all your benefits. Some benefits may carry on, and others may be available once you\u2019re working.

    ", + "

    Contact Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019ve found a job and you or your partner have been getting:

    ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    Your Jobcentre Plus work coach will help you to manage your move into work, and sort out changes to your other benefits, including tax credits. What you can get will depend on how long you were claiming these benefits without a break.

    ", + "

    You do not have to fill in any forms, but make sure you have details of your income, savings and any rent payments to hand.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to see how starting a job or increasing your working hours affects your benefits.

    ", + "

    Help with housing

    ", + "

    Depending on how long you have been claiming benefits, you may be able to get:

    ", + "
  • Mortgage Interest Run On
    • ", + "
  • Extended Payment of Housing Benefit
    • ", + "

    These payments provide help for up to 4 weeks when you start a new job and begin earning a wage. You may also be able to get extended reductions on your Council Tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled or you have a health condition

    ", + "

    You may be able to get extra support through an Access to Work grant.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/access-to-work": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/access-to-work", + "title": "Get support in work if you have a disability or health condition (Access to Work)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re disabled or have a physical or mental health condition that makes it hard for you to do your job, you can:\n\n- talk to your employer about changes they must make in your workplace\n\n- get extra help from Access to Work, including mental health support\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Talk to your employer about changes they must make in your workplace\n\nYour employer must make certain changes (known as \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019) to make sure you\u2019re not substantially disadvantaged when doing your job. These could include changing your working hours or providing equipment to help you do your job.\n\nYou should talk to your employer about reasonable adjustments before you apply for Access to Work.\n\n## Get help from Access to Work\n\nIf the help you need at work is not covered by your employer making reasonable adjustments, you may be able to get help from Access to Work.\n\nYou need to have a paid job, or be about to start or return to one.\n\nYou\u2019ll be offered support based on your needs, which may include a grant to help cover the costs of practical support in the workplace. Your workplace can include your home if you work from there some or all of the time.\n\nAn Access to Work grant can pay for:\n\n- special equipment, adaptations or support worker services to help you do things like answer the phone or go to meetings\n\n- help getting to and from work\n\nYou might not get a grant if you already get certain benefits.\n\nThe money does not have to be paid back and will not affect your other benefits.\n\nThere\u2019s a different system in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Get mental health support\n\nYou can apply for Access to Work to get mental health support, or contact a Mental Health Support Service provider directly.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get help from Access to Work you must:\n\n- have a disability or health condition (physical or mental) that makes it hard for you to do parts of your job or get to and from work\n\n- be 16 or over\n\n- live in England, Scotland or Wales - there\u2019s a different system in Northern Ireland\n\nYou also need to have a paid job, or be about to start or return to one. A paid job could include:\n\n- self-employment\n\n- an apprenticeship\n\n- a work trial or work experience\n\n- an internship\n\nYou cannot get a grant for voluntary work.\n\nYour job must be based in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nYou cannot get Access to Work if you live in the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.\n\n## If you get other benefits\n\nCertain benefits may affect whether you can get an Access to Work grant.\n\n## Universal Credit, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or Income Support\n\nYou can still get help from Access to Work if you work more than one hour a week.\n\n## Employment and Support Allowance\n\nYou can only get help from Access to Work if you\u2019re doing \u2018permitted work\u2019. It\u2019s permitted work if all of the following apply:\n\n- you earn up to \u00a3143 a week\n\n- you work less than 16 hours a week\n\n- it\u2019s been agreed with your work coach\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou\u2019ll be offered support based on your needs. This may include a grant to help cover the costs of travel to and from work or practical support in the workplace. Your workplace can include your home if you work from there some or all of the time.\n\nThe grant can help pay for items or services you need, including:\n\n- adaptations to the equipment you use\n\n- special equipment or software\n\n- British Sign Language interpreters and video relay service support, lip speakers or note takers\n\n- adaptations to your vehicle so you can get to work\n\n- taxi fares to work or a support worker if you cannot use public transport - for example, if you use a wheelchair and your journey includes a train station that does not have ramps\n\n- taxi fares to work or a support worker if you cannot use public transport safely because of coronavirus (COVID-19) - for example, if you\u2019re blind and because of this you\u2019re unable to stay apart from other people\n\n- a support worker or job coach to help you in your workplace\n\n- personal protective equipment for your support worker, if you employ them yourself\n\n- disability awareness training for your colleagues\n\n- the cost of moving your equipment if you change location or job\n\nAccess to Work can also help assess whether your needs can be met through reasonable adjustments by your employer.\n\n## Mental health support\n\nYou can get confidential support and advice from a trained healthcare professional from the Mental Health Support Service. You do not need to have a diagnosed condition to use the service.\n\nYou do not have to get Access to Work to get support from the Mental Health Support Service, but you must be eligible.\n\nTo get mental health support you can apply for Access to Work. You can also contact one of the Mental Health Support Service providers directly. They are:\n\n- Able Futures\n\n- Remploy\n\n## How your Access to Work grant is paid\n\nYou or your employer will buy the items or services you need.\n\nAccess to Work will pay the money back, up to the amount of the grant you\u2019ve been offered and with any contributions (such as employer or NHS contributions) deducted.\n\n## What Access to Work will not cover\n\nYou will not get an Access to Work grant to pay for:\n\n- changes that your employer has to make (reasonable adjustments)\n\n- items that would normally be needed to do the job whether a person is disabled or not\n\n- support that your employer used to provide but has stopped\n\n## Apply\n\nCheck you\u2019re eligible before you apply.\n\nYou can apply for Access to Work online or by phone.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your workplace address and postcode\n\n- the name of a workplace contact who can authorise your Access to Work payments\n\n- your workplace contact\u2019s email address or work phone number\n\n- your unique tax reference number (if you\u2019re self-employed)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to explain:\n\n- how your condition affects you at work or getting to work\n\n- what help you\u2019re already getting\n\n- what else could help you\n\nIt will help your application if you\u2019ve spoken to your employer about reasonable adjustments before you apply for Access to Work.\n\nApply online\n\n## Apply by phone\n\nYou can apply by calling the Access to Work helpline. Make sure you have all the necessary details with you when you call.\n\n## British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service\n\nTo use this you must:\n\n- first check you can use the service\n\n- go to the video relay service\n\nMonday to Friday, 9am to 5pm\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Access to Work number to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## Complaints\n\nYou can contact Access to Work to complain if you are not happy with how your case has been handled.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied, an Access to Work adviser will contact you to discuss what help you could get.\n\nAn adviser may also contact your employer to discuss how Access to Work can support you. They will not contact your employer until they\u2019ve agreed this with you first.\n\nAn assessor may visit your workplace to assess your needs.\n\nYou may get an offer of support, which could include a grant. If it does, you\u2019ll be told how much you\u2019ll get and for how long.\n\n## Renew\n\nIf your Access to Work grant is ending soon, you need to apply to renew it. You can apply up to 12 weeks before the date it ends.\n\nCheck you\u2019re still eligible before you apply.\n\nYou can apply online or by phone.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide your:\n\n- name\n\n- address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- unique reference number (if you know it)\n\nAfter you apply, an Access to Work adviser will contact you. They may request further information about your condition.\n\nThey\u2019ll also contact your employer.\n\nIf you\u2019re offered a new grant, you\u2019ll be told how much you\u2019ll get and for how long.\n\nRenew online\n\n## Renew by phone\n\nYou can apply by calling the Access to Work helpline. Make sure you have all the necessary details with you when you call.\n\n## British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service\n\nTo use this you must:\n\n- first check you can use the service\n\n- go to the video relay service\n\nMonday to Friday, 9am to 5pm\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Access to Work number to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## Complaints\n\nYou can contact Access to Work to complain if you are not happy with how your case has been handled.\n\n## Report a change of circumstances\n\nIf you\u2019re getting support from Access to Work you need to report changes to:\n\n- your disability or health condition (physical or mental)\n\n- your home or work address - if you get travel to work support\n\n- your employer, job role or working pattern\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to tell Access to Work if your contact details change. For example, if you get a new phone number.\n\nTo report a change call the Access to Work helpline.\n\n## British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service\n\nTo use this you must:\n\n- first check you can use the service\n\n- go to the video relay service\n\nMonday to Friday, 9am to 5pm", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled or have a physical or mental health condition that makes it hard for you to do your job, you can:

    ", + "
  • talk to your employer about changes they must make in your workplace
    • ", + "
  • get extra help from Access to Work, including mental health support
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Talk to your employer about changes they must make in your workplace

    ", + "

    Your employer must make certain changes (known as \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019) to make sure you\u2019re not substantially disadvantaged when doing your job. These could include changing your working hours or providing equipment to help you do your job.

    ", + "

    You should talk to your employer about reasonable adjustments before you apply for Access to Work.

    ", + "

    Get help from Access to Work

    ", + "

    If the help you need at work is not covered by your employer making reasonable adjustments, you may be able to get help from Access to Work.

    ", + "

    You need to have a paid job, or be about to start or return to one.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be offered support based on your needs, which may include a grant to help cover the costs of practical support in the workplace. Your workplace can include your home if you work from there some or all of the time.

    ", + "

    An Access to Work grant can pay for:

    ", + "
  • special equipment, adaptations or support worker services to help you do things like answer the phone or go to meetings
    • ", + "
  • help getting to and from work
    • ", + "

    You might not get a grant if you already get certain benefits.

    ", + "

    The money does not have to be paid back and will not affect your other benefits.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different system in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Get mental health support

    ", + "

    You can apply for Access to Work to get mental health support, or contact a Mental Health Support Service provider directly.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To get help from Access to Work you must:

    ", + "
  • have a disability or health condition (physical or mental) that makes it hard for you to do parts of your job or get to and from work
    • ", + "
  • be 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • live in England, Scotland or Wales - there\u2019s a different system in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You also need to have a paid job, or be about to start or return to one. A paid job could include:

    ", + "
  • self-employment
    • ", + "
  • an apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • a work trial or work experience
    • ", + "
  • an internship
    • ", + "

    You cannot get a grant for voluntary work.

    ", + "

    Your job must be based in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    You cannot get Access to Work if you live in the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.

    ", + "

    If you get other benefits

    ", + "

    Certain benefits may affect whether you can get an Access to Work grant.

    ", + "

    Universal Credit, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or Income Support

    ", + "

    You can still get help from Access to Work if you work more than one hour a week.

    ", + "

    Employment and Support Allowance

    ", + "

    You can only get help from Access to Work if you\u2019re doing \u2018permitted work\u2019. It\u2019s permitted work if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you earn up to \u00a3143 a week
    • ", + "
  • you work less than 16 hours a week
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s been agreed with your work coach
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be offered support based on your needs. This may include a grant to help cover the costs of travel to and from work or practical support in the workplace. Your workplace can include your home if you work from there some or all of the time.

    ", + "

    The grant can help pay for items or services you need, including:

    ", + "
  • adaptations to the equipment you use
    • ", + "
  • special equipment or software
    • ", + "
  • British Sign Language interpreters and video relay service support, lip speakers or note takers
    • ", + "
  • adaptations to your vehicle so you can get to work
    • ", + "
  • taxi fares to work or a support worker if you cannot use public transport - for example, if you use a wheelchair and your journey includes a train station that does not have ramps
    • ", + "
  • taxi fares to work or a support worker if you cannot use public transport safely because of coronavirus (COVID-19) - for example, if you\u2019re blind and because of this you\u2019re unable to stay apart from other people
    • ", + "
  • a support worker or job coach to help you in your workplace
    • ", + "
  • personal protective equipment for your support worker, if you employ them yourself
    • ", + "
  • disability awareness training for your colleagues
    • ", + "
  • the cost of moving your equipment if you change location or job
    • ", + "

    Access to Work can also help assess whether your needs can be met through reasonable adjustments by your employer.

    ", + "

    Mental health support

    ", + "

    You can get confidential support and advice from a trained healthcare professional from the Mental Health Support Service. You do not need to have a diagnosed condition to use the service.

    ", + "

    You do not have to get Access to Work to get support from the Mental Health Support Service, but you must be eligible.

    ", + "

    To get mental health support you can apply for Access to Work. You can also contact one of the Mental Health Support Service providers directly. They are:

    ", + "
  • Able Futures
    • ", + "
  • Remploy
    • ", + "

    How your Access to Work grant is paid

    ", + "

    You or your employer will buy the items or services you need.

    ", + "

    Access to Work will pay the money back, up to the amount of the grant you\u2019ve been offered and with any contributions (such as employer or NHS contributions) deducted.

    ", + "

    What Access to Work will not cover

    ", + "

    You will not get an Access to Work grant to pay for:

    ", + "
  • changes that your employer has to make (reasonable adjustments)
    • ", + "
  • items that would normally be needed to do the job whether a person is disabled or not
    • ", + "
  • support that your employer used to provide but has stopped
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re eligible before you apply.

    ", + "

    You can apply for Access to Work online or by phone.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your workplace address and postcode
    • ", + "
  • the name of a workplace contact who can authorise your Access to Work payments
    • ", + "
  • your workplace contact\u2019s email address or work phone number
    • ", + "
  • your unique tax reference number (if you\u2019re self-employed)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to explain:

    ", + "
  • how your condition affects you at work or getting to work
    • ", + "
  • what help you\u2019re already getting
    • ", + "
  • what else could help you
    • ", + "

    It will help your application if you\u2019ve spoken to your employer about reasonable adjustments before you apply for Access to Work.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Apply by phone

    ", + "

    You can apply by calling the Access to Work helpline. Make sure you have all the necessary details with you when you call.

    ", + "

    British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service

    ", + "

    To use this you must:

    ", + "
  • first check you can use the service
    • ", + "
  • go to the video relay service
    • ", + "

    Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call the Access to Work number to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    You can contact Access to Work to complain if you are not happy with how your case has been handled.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied, an Access to Work adviser will contact you to discuss what help you could get.

    ", + "

    An adviser may also contact your employer to discuss how Access to Work can support you. They will not contact your employer until they\u2019ve agreed this with you first.

    ", + "

    An assessor may visit your workplace to assess your needs.

    ", + "

    You may get an offer of support, which could include a grant. If it does, you\u2019ll be told how much you\u2019ll get and for how long.

    ", + "

    Renew

    ", + "

    If your Access to Work grant is ending soon, you need to apply to renew it. You can apply up to 12 weeks before the date it ends.

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re still eligible before you apply.

    ", + "

    You can apply online or by phone.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide your:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • unique reference number (if you know it)
    • ", + "

    After you apply, an Access to Work adviser will contact you. They may request further information about your condition.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also contact your employer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re offered a new grant, you\u2019ll be told how much you\u2019ll get and for how long.

    ", + "

    Renew online

    ", + "

    Renew by phone

    ", + "

    You can apply by calling the Access to Work helpline. Make sure you have all the necessary details with you when you call.

    ", + "

    British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service

    ", + "

    To use this you must:

    ", + "
  • first check you can use the service
    • ", + "
  • go to the video relay service
    • ", + "

    Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call the Access to Work number to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    You can contact Access to Work to complain if you are not happy with how your case has been handled.

    ", + "

    Report a change of circumstances

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting support from Access to Work you need to report changes to:

    ", + "
  • your disability or health condition (physical or mental)
    • ", + "
  • your home or work address - if you get travel to work support
    • ", + "
  • your employer, job role or working pattern
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to tell Access to Work if your contact details change. For example, if you get a new phone number.

    ", + "

    To report a change call the Access to Work helpline.

    ", + "

    British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service

    ", + "

    To use this you must:

    ", + "
  • first check you can use the service
    • ", + "
  • go to the video relay service
    • ", + "

    Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/get-help-savings-low-income": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-help-savings-low-income", + "title": "Get help with savings if you\u2019re on a low income (Help to Save)", + "content": "## How it works\n\nHelp to Save is a type of savings account. It allows certain people entitled to Working Tax Credit or receiving Universal Credit to get a bonus of 50p for every \u00a31 they save over 4 years.\n\nHelp to Save is backed by the government so all savings in the scheme are secure.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## How payments work\n\nYou can save between \u00a31 and \u00a350 each calendar month. You do not have to pay money in every month.\n\nYou can pay money into your Help to Save account by debit card, standing order or bank transfer.\n\nYou can pay in as many times as you like, but the most you can pay in each calendar month is \u00a350. For example, if you have saved \u00a350 by 8 January you will not be able to pay in again until 1 February.\n\nYou can only withdraw money from your Help to Save account to your bank account.\n\n## How bonuses work\n\nYou get bonuses at the end of the second and fourth years. They\u2019re based on how much you\u2019ve saved.\n\n## What happens after 4 years\n\nYour Help to Save account will close 4 years after you open it. You will not be able to reopen it or open another Help to Save account. You\u2019ll be able to keep the money from your account.\n\nYou can close your account at any time. If you close your account early you\u2019ll miss your next bonus and you will not be able to open another one.\n\n## Sign in\n\nSign in to your Help to Save account if you already have one.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nYou can earn 2 tax-free bonuses over 4 years. You\u2019ll get any bonuses you\u2019ve earned even if you withdraw money.\n\nAfter your first 2 years, you\u2019ll get a first bonus if you\u2019ve been using your account to save. This bonus will be 50% of the highest balance you\u2019ve saved.\n\nAfter 4 years, you\u2019ll get a final bonus if you continue to save. This bonus will be 50% of the difference between 2 amounts:\n\n- the highest balance saved in the first 2 years (years 1 and 2)\n\n- the highest balance saved in the last 2 years (years 3 and 4)\n\nIf your highest balance does not increase, you will not earn a final bonus.\n\nThe most you can pay into your account each calendar month is \u00a350, which is \u00a32,400 over 4 years. The most you can earn from your savings in 4 years is \u00a31,200 in bonus money.\n\nYour bonus is paid into your bank account, not your Help to Save account.\n\n## What happens if you withdraw money\n\nIf you withdraw money it will be harder for you to:\n\n- grow your highest balance\n\n- earn the largest possible bonuses\n\nWithdrawing money could mean you are not able to earn a final bonus - depending on how much you withdraw and when.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can open a Help to Save account if you\u2019re any of the following:\n\n- receiving Working Tax Credit\n\n- entitled to Working Tax Credit and receiving Child Tax Credit\n\n- claiming Universal Credit and you (with your partner if it\u2019s a joint claim) earned \u00a3617.73 or more from paid work in your last monthly assessment period\n\nIf you get payments as a couple, you and your partner can apply for your own Help to Save accounts. You need to apply separately.\n\nYou also need to be living in the UK. If you live overseas, you can apply for an account if you\u2019re either a:\n\n- Crown servant or their spouse or civil partner\n\n- member of the British armed forces or their spouse or civil partner\n\n## If you stop claiming benefits\n\nYou can keep using your Help to Save account.\n\n## How it will affect your benefits\n\nSaving money though a Help to Save account could affect your eligibility for certain benefits and how much you get.\n\n## Universal Credit\n\nIf you or your partner have \u00a36,000 or less in personal savings this will not affect how much Universal Credit you get. This includes any savings in your Help to Save account.\n\nYour Help to Save bonuses will not affect your Universal Credit payments.\n\n## Working Tax Credit\n\nAny savings or bonuses you earn through Help to Save will not affect how much Working Tax Credit you get.\n\n## Housing Benefit\n\nIf you or your partner have \u00a36,000 or less in personal savings this will not affect how much Housing Benefit you get. This includes any savings in your Help to Save account.\n\nYour Help to Save bonuses will not affect your Housing Benefit payments.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need a Government Gateway user ID and password to apply. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to provide your UK bank details when you apply.\n\nApply now\n\n## Sign in\n\nSign in to your Help to Save account if you already have one.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    Help to Save is a type of savings account. It allows certain people entitled to Working Tax Credit or receiving Universal Credit to get a bonus of 50p for every \u00a31 they save over 4 years.

    ", + "

    Help to Save is backed by the government so all savings in the scheme are secure.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    How payments work

    ", + "

    You can save between \u00a31 and \u00a350 each calendar month. You do not have to pay money in every month.

    ", + "

    You can pay money into your Help to Save account by debit card, standing order or bank transfer.

    ", + "

    You can pay in as many times as you like, but the most you can pay in each calendar month is \u00a350. For example, if you have saved \u00a350 by 8 January you will not be able to pay in again until 1 February.

    ", + "

    You can only withdraw money from your Help to Save account to your bank account.

    ", + "

    How bonuses work

    ", + "

    You get bonuses at the end of the second and fourth years. They\u2019re based on how much you\u2019ve saved.

    ", + "

    What happens after 4 years

    ", + "

    Your Help to Save account will close 4 years after you open it. You will not be able to reopen it or open another Help to Save account. You\u2019ll be able to keep the money from your account.

    ", + "

    You can close your account at any time. If you close your account early you\u2019ll miss your next bonus and you will not be able to open another one.

    ", + "

    Sign in

    ", + "

    Sign in to your Help to Save account if you already have one.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    You can earn 2 tax-free bonuses over 4 years. You\u2019ll get any bonuses you\u2019ve earned even if you withdraw money.

    ", + "

    After your first 2 years, you\u2019ll get a first bonus if you\u2019ve been using your account to save. This bonus will be 50% of the highest balance you\u2019ve saved.

    ", + "

    After 4 years, you\u2019ll get a final bonus if you continue to save. This bonus will be 50% of the difference between 2 amounts:

    ", + "
  • the highest balance saved in the first 2 years (years 1 and 2)
    • ", + "
  • the highest balance saved in the last 2 years (years 3 and 4)
    • ", + "

    If your highest balance does not increase, you will not earn a final bonus.

    ", + "

    The most you can pay into your account each calendar month is \u00a350, which is \u00a32,400 over 4 years. The most you can earn from your savings in 4 years is \u00a31,200 in bonus money.

    ", + "

    Your bonus is paid into your bank account, not your Help to Save account.

    ", + "

    What happens if you withdraw money

    ", + "

    If you withdraw money it will be harder for you to:

    ", + "
  • grow your highest balance
    • ", + "
  • earn the largest possible bonuses
    • ", + "

    Withdrawing money could mean you are not able to earn a final bonus - depending on how much you withdraw and when.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can open a Help to Save account if you\u2019re any of the following:

    ", + "
  • receiving Working Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • entitled to Working Tax Credit and receiving Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • claiming Universal Credit and you (with your partner if it\u2019s a joint claim) earned \u00a3617.73 or more from paid work in your last monthly assessment period
    • ", + "

    If you get payments as a couple, you and your partner can apply for your own Help to Save accounts. You need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You also need to be living in the UK. If you live overseas, you can apply for an account if you\u2019re either a:

    ", + "
  • Crown servant or their spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • member of the British armed forces or their spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "

    If you stop claiming benefits

    ", + "

    You can keep using your Help to Save account.

    ", + "

    How it will affect your benefits

    ", + "

    Saving money though a Help to Save account could affect your eligibility for certain benefits and how much you get.

    ", + "

    Universal Credit

    ", + "

    If you or your partner have \u00a36,000 or less in personal savings this will not affect how much Universal Credit you get. This includes any savings in your Help to Save account.

    ", + "

    Your Help to Save bonuses will not affect your Universal Credit payments.

    ", + "

    Working Tax Credit

    ", + "

    Any savings or bonuses you earn through Help to Save will not affect how much Working Tax Credit you get.

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit

    ", + "

    If you or your partner have \u00a36,000 or less in personal savings this will not affect how much Housing Benefit you get. This includes any savings in your Help to Save account.

    ", + "

    Your Help to Save bonuses will not affect your Housing Benefit payments.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You need a Government Gateway user ID and password to apply. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to provide your UK bank details when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Sign in

    ", + "

    Sign in to your Help to Save account if you already have one.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/budgeting-help-benefits": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/budgeting-help-benefits", + "title": "Budgeting Loans", + "content": "## How they work\n\nA Budgeting Loan can help pay for:\n\n- furniture or household items (for example, washing machines or other \u2018white goods\u2019)\n\n- clothes or footwear\n\n- rent in advance\n\n- costs linked to moving house\n\n- maintenance, improvements or security for your home\n\n- travelling costs within the UK\n\n- costs linked to getting a new job\n\n- maternity costs\n\n- funeral costs\n\n- repaying hire purchase loans\n\n- repaying loans taken for the above items\n\nCrisis Loans are not available any more.\n\nYou may be eligible for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on certain benefits for 6 months.\n\nYou only have to pay back the amount you borrow, and repayments are taken automatically from your benefits.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Check if you're eligible\n\nTo get a Budgeting Loan you must have been getting one or more of these benefits for the past 6 months:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\nIf you moved from Universal Credit to Pension Credit, any time spent claiming Universal Credit will count towards the 6 months.\n\nYou cannot get a Budgeting Loan if:\n\n- you are currently claiming Universal Credit - apply for a Budgeting Advance instead\n\n- you\u2019re involved in industrial action (for example, a strike, walkout or lockout)\n\n- you owe more than \u00a31,500 in total for Crisis Loans and Budgeting Loans\n\nIf you live in Northern Ireland, go to Budgeting Loans in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you could get\n\nThe lowest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100. You could get up to:\n\n- \u00a3348 if you\u2019re single\n\n- \u00a3464 if you have a partner\n\n- \u00a3812 if you or your partner claim Child Benefit\n\nHow much you could get depends on whether you:\n\n- can pay the loan back\n\n- have savings of more than \u00a31,000 (\u00a32,000 if you or your partner are 63 or over)\n\n- are paying back an existing Budgeting Loan or Crisis Loan\n\n## Paying back the loan\n\nA Budgeting Loan is interest free so you only pay back what you borrow.\n\nThe repayments will be taken automatically from your benefits. The amount you repay is based on your income - including any benefits you receive - and what you can afford.\n\nAfter you apply for a Budgeting Loan, you\u2019ll get an email, text or letter telling you if you\u2019ve been offered a loan. This explains how much your weekly repayments will be if you accept the loan.\n\nYou normally have to repay the loan within 2 years (104 weeks). If you stop getting benefits, you\u2019ll need to arrange another way to repay.\n\n## Apply\n\nCheck you\u2019re eligible before you apply.\n\nIf you get Universal Credit you cannot get a Budgeting Loan. You\u2019ll need to apply for a Budgeting Advance\u00a0instead.\n\nYou can apply online or using the paper form. It\u2019s quicker to apply online.\n\n## Apply online\n\nWhen you apply online, you can choose to get a decision on your loan by either:\n\n- email\n\n- text message\n\n- letter\n\nIt\u2019s quicker to get the decision by email or text message and accept it online.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to apply for a Budgeting Loan in Northern Ireland.\n\nApply online\n\n## Apply using the paper form\n\nYou will need to fill in form SF500. You can:\n\n- download and print the form\n\n- phone the Social Fund Enquiry Line and ask for a form to be posted to you - allow 7 days for the form to arrive\n\nReturn your completed form by post.\n\n## After you apply\n\nAfter you apply you will be given a decision on your application. You need to accept the decision before you get your money.\n\n## If you apply online\n\nYou\u2019ll find out if you\u2019ve been offered a loan within:\n\n- 7 days if you get the decision by text or email\n\n- 21 days if you get the decision by letter\n\n## If you apply by post\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you if you\u2019ve been offered a loan within 21 days.\n\n## Accepting the loan\n\nHow you accept the loan depends on how you applied.\n\n## Accept online\n\nYou can accept the loan offer online by following the instructions in the text or email.\n\n## Accept by post\n\nYou can accept by signing page 4 of the acceptance letter and returning it in the pre-paid envelope provided. Make sure the reply slip is folded so that the return address is fully visible in the envelope window.\n\nReturn it to the address on the letter. Do not send it to your local Jobcentre Plus office as this may delay getting your loan.\n\n## Getting your money\n\nYou\u2019ll get your money within:\n\n- 7 days of accepting the loan offer online\n\n- 21 days of your loan offer acceptance being received by post\n\nThe money will be paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a text message confirming this has been done.\n\n## Questions about your application\n\nCall the Social Fund Enquiry Line if you have a question about the progress of your application.\n\nYou should wait:\n\n- 14 days before phoning if you applied online\n\n- 21 days before phoning if you applied by post\n\nYour application may not have been processed before then.\n\n## Other help you can get\n\nYou may be able to get other kinds of support, including:\n\n- help from your local council and Jobcentre Plus\n\n- the Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales\n\n- a Crisis Grant or Community Care Grant in Scotland\n\n- Discretionary Support or a Short-term Benefit Advance in Northern Ireland", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How they work

    ", + "

    A Budgeting Loan can help pay for:

    ", + "
  • furniture or household items (for example, washing machines or other \u2018white goods\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • clothes or footwear
    • ", + "
  • rent in advance
    • ", + "
  • costs linked to moving house
    • ", + "
  • maintenance, improvements or security for your home
    • ", + "
  • travelling costs within the UK
    • ", + "
  • costs linked to getting a new job
    • ", + "
  • maternity costs
    • ", + "
  • funeral costs
    • ", + "
  • repaying hire purchase loans
    • ", + "
  • repaying loans taken for the above items
    • ", + "

    Crisis Loans are not available any more.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on certain benefits for 6 months.

    ", + "

    You only have to pay back the amount you borrow, and repayments are taken automatically from your benefits.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Check if you're eligible

    ", + "

    To get a Budgeting Loan you must have been getting one or more of these benefits for the past 6 months:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "

    If you moved from Universal Credit to Pension Credit, any time spent claiming Universal Credit will count towards the 6 months.

    ", + "

    You cannot get a Budgeting Loan if:

    ", + "
  • you are currently claiming Universal Credit - apply for a Budgeting Advance instead
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re involved in industrial action (for example, a strike, walkout or lockout)
    • ", + "
  • you owe more than \u00a31,500 in total for Crisis Loans and Budgeting Loans
    • ", + "

    If you live in Northern Ireland, go to Budgeting Loans in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What you could get

    ", + "

    The lowest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100. You could get up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3348 if you\u2019re single
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3464 if you have a partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3812 if you or your partner claim Child Benefit
    • ", + "

    How much you could get depends on whether you:

    ", + "
  • can pay the loan back
    • ", + "
  • have savings of more than \u00a31,000 (\u00a32,000 if you or your partner are 63 or over)
    • ", + "
  • are paying back an existing Budgeting Loan or Crisis Loan
    • ", + "

    Paying back the loan

    ", + "

    A Budgeting Loan is interest free so you only pay back what you borrow.

    ", + "

    The repayments will be taken automatically from your benefits. The amount you repay is based on your income - including any benefits you receive - and what you can afford.

    ", + "

    After you apply for a Budgeting Loan, you\u2019ll get an email, text or letter telling you if you\u2019ve been offered a loan. This explains how much your weekly repayments will be if you accept the loan.

    ", + "

    You normally have to repay the loan within 2 years (104 weeks). If you stop getting benefits, you\u2019ll need to arrange another way to repay.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re eligible before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit you cannot get a Budgeting Loan. You\u2019ll need to apply for a Budgeting Advance\u00a0instead.

    ", + "

    You can apply online or using the paper form. It\u2019s quicker to apply online.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    When you apply online, you can choose to get a decision on your loan by either:

    ", + "
  • email
    • ", + "
  • text message
    • ", + "
  • letter
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s quicker to get the decision by email or text message and accept it online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to apply for a Budgeting Loan in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Apply using the paper form

    ", + "

    You will need to fill in form SF500. You can:

    ", + "
  • download and print the form
    • ", + "
  • phone the Social Fund Enquiry Line and ask for a form to be posted to you - allow 7 days for the form to arrive
    • ", + "

    Return your completed form by post.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    After you apply you will be given a decision on your application. You need to accept the decision before you get your money.

    ", + "

    If you apply online

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find out if you\u2019ve been offered a loan within:

    ", + "
  • 7 days if you get the decision by text or email
    • ", + "
  • 21 days if you get the decision by letter
    • ", + "

    If you apply by post

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you if you\u2019ve been offered a loan within 21 days.

    ", + "

    Accepting the loan

    ", + "

    How you accept the loan depends on how you applied.

    ", + "

    Accept online

    ", + "

    You can accept the loan offer online by following the instructions in the text or email.

    ", + "

    Accept by post

    ", + "

    You can accept by signing page 4 of the acceptance letter and returning it in the pre-paid envelope provided. Make sure the reply slip is folded so that the return address is fully visible in the envelope window.

    ", + "

    Return it to the address on the letter. Do not send it to your local Jobcentre Plus office as this may delay getting your loan.

    ", + "

    Getting your money

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your money within:

    ", + "
  • 7 days of accepting the loan offer online
    • ", + "
  • 21 days of your loan offer acceptance being received by post
    • ", + "

    The money will be paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a text message confirming this has been done.

    ", + "

    Questions about your application

    ", + "

    Call the Social Fund Enquiry Line if you have a question about the progress of your application.

    ", + "

    You should wait:

    ", + "
  • 14 days before phoning if you applied online
    • ", + "
  • 21 days before phoning if you applied by post
    • ", + "

    Your application may not have been processed before then.

    ", + "

    Other help you can get

    ", + "

    You may be able to get other kinds of support, including:

    ", + "
  • help from your local council and Jobcentre Plus
    • ", + "
  • the Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales
    • ", + "
  • a Crisis Grant or Community Care Grant in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Discretionary Support or a Short-term Benefit Advance in Northern Ireland
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance", + "title": "Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.\n\nYou may also be able to get ESA if you were unable to work while self-isolating or \u2018shielding\u2019 because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nESA gives you:\n\n- money to help with living costs if you\u2019re unable to work\n\n- support to get back into work if you\u2019re able to\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re employed, self-employed or unemployed.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you\u2019re under State Pension age and you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.\n\nYou also need to have both:\n\n- worked as an employee or have been self-employed\n\n- paid enough National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years - National Insurance credits also count\n\nCheck your National Insurance record for gaps.\n\nYou could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. Universal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs.\n\nYou cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you:\n\n- claim Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- claim Statutory Sick Pay\n\n## If your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is due to end\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends. You\u2019ll start getting \u2018new style\u2019 ESA as soon as your SSP ends.\n\n## If you\u2019re working\n\nYou can apply whether you\u2019re in or out of work. There are conditions to working while claiming ESA.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re unable to claim Statutory Sick Pay and one of the following applies:\n\n- you or your child might have COVID-19 or you\u2019re recovering from it\n\n- you or your child are self-isolating because you came into contact with someone who might have COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- you were advised to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19\n\nShielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming ESA because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll need to give evidence to support your claim.\n\n## Proof if you\u2019re self-isolating because of COVID-19\n\nIf you or your child are self-isolating and you cannot work because of COVID-19, you can get an \u2018isolation note\u2019 online from NHS 111 if you\u2019ve been off work for 7 or more days. You do not have to go to your doctor or a hospital.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, your notification is proof.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery, your letter confirming the date of your procedure is proof.\n\n## Proof if you were advised to shield because of COVID-19\n\nYour doctor or health authority should have sent you a letter advising you or your child to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19.\n\nThe letter will have included the period to shield for. It is proof of your eligibility for ESA for days away from work in that period.\n\nYou may have more than one letter covering more than one shielding period.\n\nContact your doctor if you do not have a letter but think you should have one.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get will depend on what stage your application is at, as well as things like your age and whether you\u2019re able to get back into work.\n\nIf you get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019ll earn Class 1 National Insurance credits, which can help towards your State Pension and some benefits in the future.\n\n## What might affect how much you get paid\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\nNeither your or your partner\u2019s savings or income will affect how much \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019re paid. But a private pension worth more than \u00a385 per week may affect how much you can get.\n\nIf you get income-related ESA, your household income and savings worth \u00a36,000 or more may affect how much you can get.\n\n## While your claim is being assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 for 13 weeks while your claim is being assessed.\n\nThis will be:\n\n- up to \u00a359.20 a week if you\u2019re aged under 25\n\n- up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re aged 25 or over\n\nIf it takes longer than 13 weeks to assess your claim, you\u2019ll continue getting the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until you get a decision or until your ESA is due to end. Your ESA will be backdated if you\u2019re owed any money after 13 weeks.\n\n## After you\u2019re assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll be placed into one of 2 groups if you\u2019re entitled to ESA. If you\u2019re able to get back into work in the future, you\u2019ll be put into the work-related activity group. Otherwise, you\u2019ll be put into the support group.\n\nYou\u2019ll get:\n\n- up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group\n\n- up to \u00a3114.10 a week if you\u2019re in the support group\n\n## If you\u2019re in the support group\n\nIf you\u2019re in the support group and on income-related ESA, you\u2019re also entitled to the enhanced disability premium.\n\nYou may also qualify for the severe disability premium.\n\nFind out how to apply for a disability premium.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYou\u2019ll get paid ESA every 2 weeks.\n\nAll benefits are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Other benefits you can claim\n\nUniversal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs. You could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to find out what other benefits you could get, for example Personal Independence Payment (PIP) if you have a long-term health condition or disability.\n\nThe benefit cap may affect the total amount of benefit you can get. The cap will not affect you if you\u2019re in the support group.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving to Universal Credit from income-related ESA\n\nIf your income-related ESA claim is ending because you\u2019re making a new claim for Universal Credit, you\u2019ll automatically continue to get the amount of ESA you currently receive, as long as you\u2019re still eligible. You\u2019ll normally get this for 2 weeks, starting from the date of your new claim.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you telling you how this works.\n\nYou do not need to pay this money back, and it will not affect the amount of Universal Credit you get.\n\n## Budgeting Loan\n\nYou can apply for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on income-related ESA for at least 6 months.\n\n## Advice on money and debt\n\nYou can get help and advice from your Jobcentre Plus work coach or:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Money Advice Service\n\n- National Debtline\n\n- Shelter\n\n- Turn2us\n\n## Working while you claim\n\nYou can usually work while you are claiming ESA if both of the following apply:\n\n- you work less than 16 hours a week\n\n- you do not earn more than \u00a3143 a week\n\nTell Jobcentre Plus about your work when you make a claim.\n\nSend this form to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re already claiming ESA and you want to start work.\n\n## When you can work 16 hours or more a week\n\nYou can work more than 16 hours a week if the work is either voluntary or \u2018supported permitted work\u2019.\n\n## Supported permitted work\n\nThe work must be either:\n\n- supervised by someone from a local council or voluntary organisation who arranges work for disabled people\n\n- part of a treatment programme under medical supervision\n\nYou can still earn no more than \u00a3143 a week.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. \nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to apply in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you need to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- your bank or building society account number and sort code (you can use a friend or family member\u2019s account if you do not have one)\n\n- your doctor\u2019s name, address and telephone number\n\n- details of your income if you\u2019re working\n\n- the date your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) ends if you\u2019re claiming it\n\nYou cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re getting Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) from an employer. You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll also need:\n\n- an \u2018isolation note\u2019 if you\u2019re unable to work because of COVID-19\n\n- your notification from the NHS or public health authorities if you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate because you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- a letter confirming the date of your procedure if you\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- a letter from your doctor or a health authority advising you or your child to shield (take extra precautions to reduce contact with others) because you\u2019re at very high risk of severe illness from COVID-19\n\nShielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll be contacted by phone and told when to give the evidence and where to send it.\n\nApply now\n\n## When you can apply by phone\n\nCall the Universal Credit helpline if:\n\n- you cannot make an application online\n\n- you\u2019re an appointee for someone\n\n## After you apply\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will contact you within 10 working days of applying.\n\n## If you\u2019re eligible\n\nDWP will contact you within 10 working days to schedule an appointment that you must attend. It will normally be over the phone with a work coach from your local Jobcentre Plus office.\n\nYour work coach will explain what you need to do to get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. They will create an agreement with you called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019.\n\nYou must agree to your Claimant Commitment before you can get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.\n\nAt the appointment, you\u2019ll be asked to:\n\n- explain how your illness or disability affects your ability to work\n\n- provide medical evidence\n\n- agree to tell your local Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nDWP will send you a letter within 10 working days of applying to explain why you\u2019re not eligible for ESA.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## Reapplying for ESA\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\nYou may be able to reapply after your \u2018new style\u2019 ESA ends. You may qualify again depending on:\n\n- what National Insurance contributions you paid in the last 2 full tax years before the tax year you\u2019re claiming in\n\n- whether you\u2019re placed in the support group because you developed a new condition or your health deteriorated\n\n## Your ESA claim\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made your claim, you\u2019ll be told if you need to have a \u2018Work Capability Assessment\u2019 and what group you\u2019ll be put in.\n\n## Work Capability Assessment\n\nA Work Capability Assessment is used to find out if your illness or disability affects how much you can work.\n\nYou might not need one, for example if you\u2019re in hospital or you have a terminal illness.\n\nIf you need a Work Capability Assessment you\u2019ll get a letter telling you to fill in the \u2018Capability for work questionnaire\u2019 and send it to the Health Assessment Advisory Service. The address is on the form. The questionnaire is different in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what happens next, for example if you need an appointment to understand your health condition better.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming both Universal Credit and \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you\u2019ll only have one Work Capability Assessment.\n\nYou can ask for your assessment to be recorded. If you would like this, tell the Health Assessment Advisory Service using the contact details in your appointment invite letter.\n\n## How the assessment happens\n\nAssessments can be in person, by video call or on the phone. You\u2019ll be told how your assessment will take place.\n\nIf you\u2019re asked to attend in person you\u2019ll be told how to do this safely because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can bring one adult from your household with you.\n\nIf your assessment is by phone or video call, you can have someone else with you, for example a friend or support worker. You can ask the assessor to call them if they\u2019re not with you when the assessment starts.\n\nYou\u2019ll stay on the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until a decision can be made on your Work Capability Assessment.\n\n## After your claim is assessed\n\nIf you\u2019re entitled to ESA you\u2019ll be placed in one of 2 groups:\n\n- a work-related activity group (you cannot work now, but can prepare to work in the future, for example by writing a CV)\n\n- a support group (you cannot work now and you\u2019re not expected to prepare for work in the future)\n\n## If you\u2019re in the work-related activity group\n\nYou must attend regular interviews with a work coach. They can help you improve your skills or write a CV to help you get back into work.\n\n## If you\u2019re in the support group\n\nYou\u2019re usually in this group if your illness or disability severely limits what you can do. You do not have to go to interviews. You can tell your work coach if you\u2019d like to take part in work-related activities.\n\n## How long you\u2019ll get ESA for\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\n\u2018New style\u2019 and contribution-based ESA last for 365 days if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group.\n\nThere\u2019s no time limit if you\u2019re in the support group, or if you\u2019re getting income-related ESA.\n\nTo keep getting ESA you must report any change in your circumstances. You may also need to send fit notes regularly.\n\n## If you get a sanction\n\nYour ESA can be reduced if you do not attend interviews or do work-related activity as agreed with your work coach in your \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019. This reduction can continue for up to 4 weeks after you restart work-related activities.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter to say you may be sanctioned. Tell your work coach if you have a good reason for not doing what was agreed in your Claimant Commitment.\n\nYou\u2019ll get another letter if the decision is made to give you a sanction. Your benefit will only be affected once a decision has been made.\n\nYou should contact your local council immediately if you claim Housing Benefit or Council Tax Reduction. They\u2019ll tell you what to do to continue getting support.\n\nIf you get a sanction you can:\n\n- ask for the decision to be looked at again\n\n- ask for a hardship payment\n\nYou will not get a sanction if you\u2019re in the support group.\n\n## Hardship payments\n\nIf you get income-related ESA, you may be able to get a hardship payment if your benefit has been reduced because of a sanction or a penalty due to suspected benefit fraud.\n\nA hardship payment is a reduced amount of your ESA. You do not have to pay it back.\n\nYou can get a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or other basic needs for you or your family. You must be 18 or over.\n\nSpeak to your Jobcentre Plus adviser or work coach to find out how to claim a hardship payment.\n\n## Report a change of circumstances\n\nYou need to report changes to your circumstances so you keep getting the right amount of Employment and Support Allowance (ESA).\n\nYour claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change straight away.\n\nA change of circumstance can include:\n\n- starting or stopping work, education, training or an apprenticeship\n\n- moving house\n\n- changing your name\n\n- people moving into or out of the place you live (for example your partner or a child)\n\n- changes to the benefits you or anyone else in your house gets\n\n- changes to your pension, savings, investments or property\n\n- changes to other money you get (for example student loans or grants, sick pay or money you get from a charity)\n\n- changing your doctor\n\n- any changes to your medical condition or disability\n\n- going into hospital or a care home or sheltered accommodation\n\n- going abroad for any length of time\n\n- changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nCall Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not sure whether you need to report a change.\n\nYou may be prosecuted or have to pay a \u00a350 penalty if you give wrong or incomplete information.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nIf you give wrong or incomplete information or do not report a change straight away, you might be paid too much. If you are, you might have to\u00a0pay some of the money back.\n\n## How to report\n\nYou can report a change of circumstances by:\n\n- calling Jobcentre Plus\n\n- writing to the Jobcentre Plus office that pays your ESA - the address is on the letters you get about your ESA\n\nIf you get Universal Credit at the same time as \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you must also report the changes of circumstances in your Universal Credit account.\n\n## British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service\n\nWatch a video to check you can use the service\n\nGo to the video relay service\n\nMonday to Friday, 8am to 6pm.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland contact the ESA Centre.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get ESA if you were unable to work while self-isolating or \u2018shielding\u2019 because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    ESA gives you:

    ", + "
  • money to help with living costs if you\u2019re unable to work
    • ", + "
  • support to get back into work if you\u2019re able to
    • ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re employed, self-employed or unemployed.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you\u2019re under State Pension age and you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.

    ", + "

    You also need to have both:

    ", + "
  • worked as an employee or have been self-employed
    • ", + "
  • paid enough National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years - National Insurance credits also count
    • ", + "

    Check your National Insurance record for gaps.

    ", + "

    You could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. Universal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs.

    ", + "

    You cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you:

    ", + "
  • claim Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • claim Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "

    If your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is due to end

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends. You\u2019ll start getting \u2018new style\u2019 ESA as soon as your SSP ends.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re working

    ", + "

    You can apply whether you\u2019re in or out of work. There are conditions to working while claiming ESA.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re unable to claim Statutory Sick Pay and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you or your child might have COVID-19 or you\u2019re recovering from it
    • ", + "
  • you or your child are self-isolating because you came into contact with someone who might have COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "
  • you were advised to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19
    • ", + "

    Shielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming ESA because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll need to give evidence to support your claim.

    ", + "

    Proof if you\u2019re self-isolating because of COVID-19

    ", + "

    If you or your child are self-isolating and you cannot work because of COVID-19, you can get an \u2018isolation note\u2019 online from NHS 111 if you\u2019ve been off work for 7 or more days. You do not have to go to your doctor or a hospital.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, your notification is proof.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery, your letter confirming the date of your procedure is proof.

    ", + "

    Proof if you were advised to shield because of COVID-19

    ", + "

    Your doctor or health authority should have sent you a letter advising you or your child to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19.

    ", + "

    The letter will have included the period to shield for. It is proof of your eligibility for ESA for days away from work in that period.

    ", + "

    You may have more than one letter covering more than one shielding period.

    ", + "

    Contact your doctor if you do not have a letter but think you should have one.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    How much you get will depend on what stage your application is at, as well as things like your age and whether you\u2019re able to get back into work.

    ", + "

    If you get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019ll earn Class 1 National Insurance credits, which can help towards your State Pension and some benefits in the future.

    ", + "

    What might affect how much you get paid

    ", + "

    You cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.

    ", + "

    Neither your or your partner\u2019s savings or income will affect how much \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019re paid. But a private pension worth more than \u00a385 per week may affect how much you can get.

    ", + "

    If you get income-related ESA, your household income and savings worth \u00a36,000 or more may affect how much you can get.

    ", + "

    While your claim is being assessed

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally get the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 for 13 weeks while your claim is being assessed.

    ", + "

    This will be:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a359.20 a week if you\u2019re aged under 25
    • ", + "
  • up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re aged 25 or over
    • ", + "

    If it takes longer than 13 weeks to assess your claim, you\u2019ll continue getting the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until you get a decision or until your ESA is due to end. Your ESA will be backdated if you\u2019re owed any money after 13 weeks.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019re assessed

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be placed into one of 2 groups if you\u2019re entitled to ESA. If you\u2019re able to get back into work in the future, you\u2019ll be put into the work-related activity group. Otherwise, you\u2019ll be put into the support group.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group
    • ", + "
  • up to \u00a3114.10 a week if you\u2019re in the support group
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the support group

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the support group and on income-related ESA, you\u2019re also entitled to the enhanced disability premium.

    ", + "

    You may also qualify for the severe disability premium.

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for a disability premium.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get paid ESA every 2 weeks.

    ", + "

    All benefits are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Other benefits you can claim

    ", + "

    Universal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs. You could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to find out what other benefits you could get, for example Personal Independence Payment (PIP) if you have a long-term health condition or disability.

    ", + "

    The benefit cap may affect the total amount of benefit you can get. The cap will not affect you if you\u2019re in the support group.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re moving to Universal Credit from income-related ESA

    ", + "

    If your income-related ESA claim is ending because you\u2019re making a new claim for Universal Credit, you\u2019ll automatically continue to get the amount of ESA you currently receive, as long as you\u2019re still eligible. You\u2019ll normally get this for 2 weeks, starting from the date of your new claim.

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you telling you how this works.

    ", + "

    You do not need to pay this money back, and it will not affect the amount of Universal Credit you get.

    ", + "

    Budgeting Loan

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on income-related ESA for at least 6 months.

    ", + "

    Advice on money and debt

    ", + "

    You can get help and advice from your Jobcentre Plus work coach or:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • Money Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • National Debtline
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • ", + "
  • Turn2us
    • ", + "

    Working while you claim

    ", + "

    You can usually work while you are claiming ESA if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you work less than 16 hours a week
    • ", + "
  • you do not earn more than \u00a3143 a week
    • ", + "

    Tell Jobcentre Plus about your work when you make a claim.

    ", + "

    Send this form to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re already claiming ESA and you want to start work.

    ", + "

    When you can work 16 hours or more a week

    ", + "

    You can work more than 16 hours a week if the work is either voluntary or \u2018supported permitted work\u2019.

    ", + "

    Supported permitted work

    ", + "

    The work must be either:

    ", + "
  • supervised by someone from a local council or voluntary organisation who arranges work for disabled people
    • ", + "
  • part of a treatment programme under medical supervision
    • ", + "

    You can still earn no more than \u00a3143 a week.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. \nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to apply in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What you need to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • your bank or building society account number and sort code (you can use a friend or family member\u2019s account if you do not have one)
    • ", + "
  • your doctor\u2019s name, address and telephone number
    • ", + "
  • details of your income if you\u2019re working
    • ", + "
  • the date your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) ends if you\u2019re claiming it
    • ", + "

    You cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re getting Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) from an employer. You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll also need:

    ", + "
  • an \u2018isolation note\u2019 if you\u2019re unable to work because of COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • your notification from the NHS or public health authorities if you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate because you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • a letter confirming the date of your procedure if you\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "
  • a letter from your doctor or a health authority advising you or your child to shield (take extra precautions to reduce contact with others) because you\u2019re at very high risk of severe illness from COVID-19
    • ", + "

    Shielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll be contacted by phone and told when to give the evidence and where to send it.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    When you can apply by phone

    ", + "

    Call the Universal Credit helpline if:

    ", + "
  • you cannot make an application online
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an appointee for someone
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will contact you within 10 working days of applying.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible

    ", + "

    DWP will contact you within 10 working days to schedule an appointment that you must attend. It will normally be over the phone with a work coach from your local Jobcentre Plus office.

    ", + "

    Your work coach will explain what you need to do to get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. They will create an agreement with you called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must agree to your Claimant Commitment before you can get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.

    ", + "

    At the appointment, you\u2019ll be asked to:

    ", + "
  • explain how your illness or disability affects your ability to work
    • ", + "
  • provide medical evidence
    • ", + "
  • agree to tell your local Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible

    ", + "

    DWP will send you a letter within 10 working days of applying to explain why you\u2019re not eligible for ESA.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    Reapplying for ESA

    ", + "

    You cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.

    ", + "

    You may be able to reapply after your \u2018new style\u2019 ESA ends. You may qualify again depending on:

    ", + "
  • what National Insurance contributions you paid in the last 2 full tax years before the tax year you\u2019re claiming in
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re placed in the support group because you developed a new condition or your health deteriorated
    • ", + "

    Your ESA claim

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve made your claim, you\u2019ll be told if you need to have a \u2018Work Capability Assessment\u2019 and what group you\u2019ll be put in.

    ", + "

    Work Capability Assessment

    ", + "

    A Work Capability Assessment is used to find out if your illness or disability affects how much you can work.

    ", + "

    You might not need one, for example if you\u2019re in hospital or you have a terminal illness.

    ", + "

    If you need a Work Capability Assessment you\u2019ll get a letter telling you to fill in the \u2018Capability for work questionnaire\u2019 and send it to the Health Assessment Advisory Service. The address is on the form. The questionnaire is different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what happens next, for example if you need an appointment to understand your health condition better.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming both Universal Credit and \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you\u2019ll only have one Work Capability Assessment.

    ", + "

    You can ask for your assessment to be recorded. If you would like this, tell the Health Assessment Advisory Service using the contact details in your appointment invite letter.

    ", + "

    How the assessment happens

    ", + "

    Assessments can be in person, by video call or on the phone. You\u2019ll be told how your assessment will take place.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to attend in person you\u2019ll be told how to do this safely because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can bring one adult from your household with you.

    ", + "

    If your assessment is by phone or video call, you can have someone else with you, for example a friend or support worker. You can ask the assessor to call them if they\u2019re not with you when the assessment starts.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll stay on the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until a decision can be made on your Work Capability Assessment.

    ", + "

    After your claim is assessed

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re entitled to ESA you\u2019ll be placed in one of 2 groups:

    ", + "
  • a work-related activity group (you cannot work now, but can prepare to work in the future, for example by writing a CV)
    • ", + "
  • a support group (you cannot work now and you\u2019re not expected to prepare for work in the future)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the work-related activity group

    ", + "

    You must attend regular interviews with a work coach. They can help you improve your skills or write a CV to help you get back into work.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the support group

    ", + "

    You\u2019re usually in this group if your illness or disability severely limits what you can do. You do not have to go to interviews. You can tell your work coach if you\u2019d like to take part in work-related activities.

    ", + "

    How long you\u2019ll get ESA for

    ", + "

    You cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.

    ", + "

    \u2018New style\u2019 and contribution-based ESA last for 365 days if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no time limit if you\u2019re in the support group, or if you\u2019re getting income-related ESA.

    ", + "

    To keep getting ESA you must report any change in your circumstances. You may also need to send fit notes regularly.

    ", + "

    If you get a sanction

    ", + "

    Your ESA can be reduced if you do not attend interviews or do work-related activity as agreed with your work coach in your \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019. This reduction can continue for up to 4 weeks after you restart work-related activities.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter to say you may be sanctioned. Tell your work coach if you have a good reason for not doing what was agreed in your Claimant Commitment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get another letter if the decision is made to give you a sanction. Your benefit will only be affected once a decision has been made.

    ", + "

    You should contact your local council immediately if you claim Housing Benefit or Council Tax Reduction. They\u2019ll tell you what to do to continue getting support.

    ", + "

    If you get a sanction you can:

    ", + "
  • ask for the decision to be looked at again
    • ", + "
  • ask for a hardship payment
    • ", + "

    You will not get a sanction if you\u2019re in the support group.

    ", + "

    Hardship payments

    ", + "

    If you get income-related ESA, you may be able to get a hardship payment if your benefit has been reduced because of a sanction or a penalty due to suspected benefit fraud.

    ", + "

    A hardship payment is a reduced amount of your ESA. You do not have to pay it back.

    ", + "

    You can get a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or other basic needs for you or your family. You must be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    Speak to your Jobcentre Plus adviser or work coach to find out how to claim a hardship payment.

    ", + "

    Report a change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You need to report changes to your circumstances so you keep getting the right amount of Employment and Support Allowance (ESA).

    ", + "

    Your claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change straight away.

    ", + "

    A change of circumstance can include:

    ", + "
  • starting or stopping work, education, training or an apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • moving house
    • ", + "
  • changing your name
    • ", + "
  • people moving into or out of the place you live (for example your partner or a child)
    • ", + "
  • changes to the benefits you or anyone else in your house gets
    • ", + "
  • changes to your pension, savings, investments or property
    • ", + "
  • changes to other money you get (for example student loans or grants, sick pay or money you get from a charity)
    • ", + "
  • changing your doctor
    • ", + "
  • any changes to your medical condition or disability
    • ", + "
  • going into hospital or a care home or sheltered accommodation
    • ", + "
  • going abroad for any length of time
    • ", + "
  • changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    Call Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not sure whether you need to report a change.

    ", + "

    You may be prosecuted or have to pay a \u00a350 penalty if you give wrong or incomplete information.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    If you give wrong or incomplete information or do not report a change straight away, you might be paid too much. If you are, you might have to\u00a0pay some of the money back.

    ", + "

    How to report

    ", + "

    You can report a change of circumstances by:

    ", + "
  • calling Jobcentre Plus
    • ", + "
  • writing to the Jobcentre Plus office that pays your ESA - the address is on the letters you get about your ESA
    • ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit at the same time as \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you must also report the changes of circumstances in your Universal Credit account.

    ", + "

    British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service

    ", + "

    Watch a video to check you can use the service

    ", + "

    Go to the video relay service

    ", + "

    Monday to Friday, 8am to 6pm.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland contact the ESA Centre.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-sick-pay": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-sick-pay", + "title": "Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can get \u00a396.35 per week Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) if you\u2019re too ill to work. It\u2019s paid by your employer for up to 28 weeks.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou must be eligible for SSP.\n\nYou cannot get less than the statutory amount. You can get more if your company has a sick pay scheme (or \u2018occupational scheme\u2019) - check your employment contract.\n\nThere are different sick pay rules for agricultural workers.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide on Statutory Sick Pay if you\u2019re an employer.\n\n## If you cannot work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou could get SSP if you\u2019re self-isolating because:\n\n- you or someone you live with has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- someone in your support bubble (or your \u2018extended household\u2019 if you live in Scotland or Wales) has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019ve been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\nYou could get SSP for every day you\u2019re off work.\n\nYou cannot get SSP if you\u2019re self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason.\n\n## If your illness is not related to COVID-19\n\nIf your illness is not related to COVID-19, you can get SSP from the fourth day you are off work sick.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can get \u00a396.35 a week Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) for up to 28 weeks.\n\n## If you\u2019re off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nHow many days you can get SSP for depends on why you\u2019re off work.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-isolating because you or someone you live with has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\nYou must self-isolate for at least 4 days to be eligible for SSP.\n\nYou can get SSP for every day you were self-isolating if you started on or after 13 March.\n\nIf you started self-isolating before 13 March, you can get SSP from:\n\n- the fourth day you were sick - if you had COVID-19 symptoms\n\n- 13 March - if you were self-isolating because someone you live with had symptoms\n\nCheck you\u2019re eligible for SSP.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-isolating because of contact with someone with COVID-19\n\nYou should self-isolate if you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19.\n\nYou must self-isolate for at least 4 days to be eligible for SSP.\n\nYou can get SSP for every day you were self-isolating from 28 May.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-isolating because someone in your \u2018support bubble\u2019 or extended household has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\nYou should self-isolate if someone in your \u2018support bubble\u2019 (or your \u2018extended household\u2019 if you live in Scotland or Wales) has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19.\n\nYou must self-isolate for at least 4 days to be eligible for SSP.\n\nYou can get SSP for every day you were self-isolating from 6 July.\n\nYou are not eligible for SSP for any days away from work before 6 July.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-isolating before surgery\n\nIf you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or a healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery, you can get SSP.\n\nYou must self-isolate for at least 4 days (including non-working days) to be eligible for SSP.\n\nYou can get SSP for every day you are self-isolating.\n\nYou are not eligible for SSP for any day you were self-isolating before 26 August.\n\n## If you\u2019re off sick for another reason\n\nYou can get SSP from the fourth day you\u2019re off sick.\n\nThe days you\u2019re off sick when you normally would have worked are called \u2018qualifying days\u2019. If you\u2019re eligible, you\u2019ll get SSP for all your qualifying days, except for the first 3. These are called \u2018waiting days\u2019.\n\nYou only get paid for waiting days if you\u2019ve already received SSP within the last 8 weeks, and that included a 3-day waiting period.\n\nCheck you\u2019re eligible for SSP.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nSSP is paid by your employer in the same way as your normal wages, for example weekly or monthly.\n\nIf you have more than one job you may get SSP from each employer.\n\nTax and National Insurance will be deducted.\n\nIf you think you are not getting the right amount of SSP, talk to your employer. If you\u2019re still not happy, contact the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) enquiry line.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo qualify for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) you must:\n\n- be classed as an employee and have done some work for your employer\n\n- earn an average of at least \u00a3120 per week\n\n- have been ill or self-isolating for at least 4 days in a row (including non-working days)\n\nHow many days you can get SSP for depends on why you\u2019re off work.\n\nAgency workers are entitled to Statutory Sick Pay.\n\n## Telling your employer\n\nYou must usually tell your employer you\u2019re unable to work before the deadline they set (or within 7 days if they have not set one).\n\nYou could lose some of your SSP if you do not tell your employer in time.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou will not qualify if you:\n\n- have received the maximum amount of SSP (28 weeks)\n\n- are getting Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- are self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason\n\nYou can still qualify if you started your job recently and you have not received 8 weeks\u2019 pay yet. Ask your employer to find out more.\n\nYou can still qualify if you\u2019re on furlough.\n\n## Linked periods of sickness\n\nIf you have regular periods of sickness, they may count as \u2018linked\u2019. To be linked, the periods must:\n\n- last 4 or more days each\n\n- be 8 weeks or less apart\n\nYou\u2019re no longer eligible for SSP if you have a continuous series of linked periods that lasts more than 3 years.\n\n## Fit notes and asking for proof\n\nYou only have to give your employer a fit note (sometimes called a sick note) if you\u2019re off sick for more than 7 days in a row (including non-working days).\n\nYou can get a fit note from your doctor or hospital doctor. If your employer agrees, a similar document can be provided by a physiotherapist, podiatrist or occupational therapist instead. This is called an Allied Health Professional (AHP) Health and Work Report.\n\n## Proof if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nIf you\u2019re self-isolating and cannot work because of COVID-19, you can get an \u2018isolation note\u2019 online from NHS 111 if you\u2019re off work for 7 or more days. You do not have to go to your doctor or a hospital.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, your notification is proof.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery, your letter confirming the date of your procedure is proof.\n\nYou cannot get SSP if you\u2019re self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason.\n\n## Proof if you were \u2018shielding\u2019 because of COVID-19\n\nShielding has stopped in the UK.\n\nYou can no longer apply for a new shielding note or a replacement shielding note.\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible or your SSP ends\n\nYou may be able to apply for Universal Credit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA). You can use form SSP1 to support your application.\n\nIf your SSP is ending your employer must send you form SSP1 either:\n\n- within 7 days of your SSP ending, if it ends unexpectedly while you\u2019re still sick\n\n- on or before the beginning of the 23rd week, if your SSP is expected to end before your sickness does\n\nIf you do not qualify for SSP your employer must send you form SSP1 within 7 days of you going off sick.\n\n## How to claim\n\nTo claim Statutory Sick Pay (SSP), tell your employer by the deadline. Check with your employer how you should tell them.\n\nIf you cannot work for 7 or more days (including non-working days) you need:\n\n- an \u2018isolation note\u2019 if you\u2019re unable to work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\n- your notification from the NHS or public health authorities if you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate because you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- a \u2018fit note\u2019 (or sick note) if you\u2019re off sick for another reason\n\n- a letter confirming the date of your procedure if you\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n## If you\u2019re unhappy with a decision\n\nTalk to your employer if you think:\n\n- their decision not to pay you SSP is wrong\n\n- you\u2019re not getting the right amount of SSP\n\nYou can ask them for a reason.\n\nIf this does not sort the problem, contact the HMRC Statutory Payment Disputes Team.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can get \u00a396.35 per week Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) if you\u2019re too ill to work. It\u2019s paid by your employer for up to 28 weeks.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You must be eligible for SSP.

    ", + "

    You cannot get less than the statutory amount. You can get more if your company has a sick pay scheme (or \u2018occupational scheme\u2019) - check your employment contract.

    ", + "

    There are different sick pay rules for agricultural workers.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate guide on Statutory Sick Pay if you\u2019re an employer.

    ", + "

    If you cannot work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You could get SSP if you\u2019re self-isolating because:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone with COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • someone in your support bubble (or your \u2018extended household\u2019 if you live in Scotland or Wales) has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "

    You could get SSP for every day you\u2019re off work.

    ", + "

    You cannot get SSP if you\u2019re self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason.

    ", + "

    If your illness is not related to COVID-19

    ", + "

    If your illness is not related to COVID-19, you can get SSP from the fourth day you are off work sick.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You can get \u00a396.35 a week Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) for up to 28 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    How many days you can get SSP for depends on why you\u2019re off work.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating because you or someone you live with has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19

    ", + "

    You must self-isolate for at least 4 days to be eligible for SSP.

    ", + "

    You can get SSP for every day you were self-isolating if you started on or after 13 March.

    ", + "

    If you started self-isolating before 13 March, you can get SSP from:

    ", + "
  • the fourth day you were sick - if you had COVID-19 symptoms
    • ", + "
  • 13 March - if you were self-isolating because someone you live with had symptoms
    • ", + "

    Check you\u2019re eligible for SSP.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating because of contact with someone with COVID-19

    ", + "

    You should self-isolate if you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19.

    ", + "

    You must self-isolate for at least 4 days to be eligible for SSP.

    ", + "

    You can get SSP for every day you were self-isolating from 28 May.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating because someone in your \u2018support bubble\u2019 or extended household has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19

    ", + "

    You should self-isolate if someone in your \u2018support bubble\u2019 (or your \u2018extended household\u2019 if you live in Scotland or Wales) has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19.

    ", + "

    You must self-isolate for at least 4 days to be eligible for SSP.

    ", + "

    You can get SSP for every day you were self-isolating from 6 July.

    ", + "

    You are not eligible for SSP for any days away from work before 6 July.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating before surgery

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or a healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery, you can get SSP.

    ", + "

    You must self-isolate for at least 4 days (including non-working days) to be eligible for SSP.

    ", + "

    You can get SSP for every day you are self-isolating.

    ", + "

    You are not eligible for SSP for any day you were self-isolating before 26 August.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re off sick for another reason

    ", + "

    You can get SSP from the fourth day you\u2019re off sick.

    ", + "

    The days you\u2019re off sick when you normally would have worked are called \u2018qualifying days\u2019. If you\u2019re eligible, you\u2019ll get SSP for all your qualifying days, except for the first 3. These are called \u2018waiting days\u2019.

    ", + "

    You only get paid for waiting days if you\u2019ve already received SSP within the last 8 weeks, and that included a 3-day waiting period.

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re eligible for SSP.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    SSP is paid by your employer in the same way as your normal wages, for example weekly or monthly.

    ", + "

    If you have more than one job you may get SSP from each employer.

    ", + "

    Tax and National Insurance will be deducted.

    ", + "

    If you think you are not getting the right amount of SSP, talk to your employer. If you\u2019re still not happy, contact the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) enquiry line.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To qualify for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) you must:

    ", + "
  • be classed as an employee and have done some work for your employer
    • ", + "
  • earn an average of at least \u00a3120 per week
    • ", + "
  • have been ill or self-isolating for at least 4 days in a row (including non-working days)
    • ", + "

    How many days you can get SSP for depends on why you\u2019re off work.

    ", + "

    Agency workers are entitled to Statutory Sick Pay.

    ", + "

    Telling your employer

    ", + "

    You must usually tell your employer you\u2019re unable to work before the deadline they set (or within 7 days if they have not set one).

    ", + "

    You could lose some of your SSP if you do not tell your employer in time.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You will not qualify if you:

    ", + "
  • have received the maximum amount of SSP (28 weeks)
    • ", + "
  • are getting Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • are self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason
    • ", + "

    You can still qualify if you started your job recently and you have not received 8 weeks\u2019 pay yet. Ask your employer to find out more.

    ", + "

    You can still qualify if you\u2019re on furlough.

    ", + "

    Linked periods of sickness

    ", + "

    If you have regular periods of sickness, they may count as \u2018linked\u2019. To be linked, the periods must:

    ", + "
  • last 4 or more days each
    • ", + "
  • be 8 weeks or less apart
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re no longer eligible for SSP if you have a continuous series of linked periods that lasts more than 3 years.

    ", + "

    Fit notes and asking for proof

    ", + "

    You only have to give your employer a fit note (sometimes called a sick note) if you\u2019re off sick for more than 7 days in a row (including non-working days).

    ", + "

    You can get a fit note from your doctor or hospital doctor. If your employer agrees, a similar document can be provided by a physiotherapist, podiatrist or occupational therapist instead. This is called an Allied Health Professional (AHP) Health and Work Report.

    ", + "

    Proof if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating and cannot work because of COVID-19, you can get an \u2018isolation note\u2019 online from NHS 111 if you\u2019re off work for 7 or more days. You do not have to go to your doctor or a hospital.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, your notification is proof.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery, your letter confirming the date of your procedure is proof.

    ", + "

    You cannot get SSP if you\u2019re self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason.

    ", + "

    Proof if you were \u2018shielding\u2019 because of COVID-19

    ", + "

    Shielding has stopped in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can no longer apply for a new shielding note or a replacement shielding note.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible or your SSP ends

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for Universal Credit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA). You can use form SSP1 to support your application.

    ", + "

    If your SSP is ending your employer must send you form SSP1 either:

    ", + "
  • within 7 days of your SSP ending, if it ends unexpectedly while you\u2019re still sick
    • ", + "
  • on or before the beginning of the 23rd week, if your SSP is expected to end before your sickness does
    • ", + "

    If you do not qualify for SSP your employer must send you form SSP1 within 7 days of you going off sick.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    To claim Statutory Sick Pay (SSP), tell your employer by the deadline. Check with your employer how you should tell them.

    ", + "

    If you cannot work for 7 or more days (including non-working days) you need:

    ", + "
  • an \u2018isolation note\u2019 if you\u2019re unable to work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)
    • ", + "
  • your notification from the NHS or public health authorities if you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate because you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018fit note\u2019 (or sick note) if you\u2019re off sick for another reason
    • ", + "
  • a letter confirming the date of your procedure if you\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with a decision

    ", + "

    Talk to your employer if you think:

    ", + "
  • their decision not to pay you SSP is wrong
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not getting the right amount of SSP
    • ", + "

    You can ask them for a reason.

    ", + "

    If this does not sort the problem, contact the HMRC Statutory Payment Disputes Team.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/maternity-pay-leave": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maternity-pay-leave", + "title": "Maternity pay and leave", + "content": "## Overview\n\nWhen you take time off to have a baby you might be eligible for:\n\n- Statutory Maternity Leave\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- paid time off for antenatal care\n\n- extra help from the government\n\nThere are rules on when and how to claim your paid leave and if you want to change your dates.\n\nYou can work out your maternity pay and leave online.\n\nYou may also be eligible to get Shared Parental Leave and Pay.\n\n## Employment rights when on leave\n\nYour employment rights are protected while on Statutory Maternity Leave. This includes your right to:\n\n- pay rises\n\n- build up (accrue) holiday\n\n- return to work\n\n## Leave\n\nStatutory Maternity Leave is 52 weeks. It\u2019s made up of:\n\n- Ordinary Maternity Leave - first 26 weeks\n\n- Additional Maternity Leave - last 26 weeks\n\nYou do not have to take 52 weeks but you must take 2 weeks\u2019 leave after your baby is born (or 4 weeks if you work in a factory).\n\nUse the maternity planner to work out the dates for your ordinary and additional leave.\n\nYou may be entitled to take some of your leave as Shared Parental Leave.\n\n## Start date and early births\n\nUsually, the earliest you can start your leave is 11 weeks before the expected week of childbirth.\n\nLeave will also start:\n\n- the day after the birth if the baby is early\n\n- automatically if you\u2019re off work for a pregnancy-related illness in the 4 weeks before the week (Sunday to Saturday) that your baby is due\n\nUse the maternity planner to work out the earliest date your maternity leave can start.\n\n## Change your date for returning to work\n\nYou must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice if you want to change your return to work date.\n\n## Pay\n\nStatutory Maternity Pay (SMP) is paid for up to 39 weeks. You get:\n\n- 90% of your average weekly earnings (before tax) for the first 6 weeks\n\n- \u00a3151.97or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks\n\nSMP is paid in the same way as your wages (for example monthly or weekly). Tax and National Insurance will be deducted.\n\nUse the maternity pay calculator to work out how much you could get.\n\nIf you take Shared Parental Leave you\u2019ll get Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). ShPP is \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.\n\n## Start date\n\nSMP usually starts when you take your maternity leave.\n\nIt starts automatically if you\u2019re off work for a pregnancy-related illness in the 4 weeks before the week (Sunday to Saturday) that your baby is due.\n\n## Problems and disputes\n\nAsk your employer to explain your SMP if you think it\u2019s not right. If you disagree about the amount or your employer cannot pay (for example because they\u2019re insolvent), contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nYou qualify for Statutory Maternity Leave if:\n\n- you\u2019re an employee not a \u2018worker\u2019\n\n- you give your employer the correct notice\n\nIt does not matter how long you\u2019ve been with your employer, how many hours you work or how much you get paid.\n\nYou cannot get Statutory Maternity Leave if you have a child through surrogacy - you could get Statutory Adoption Leave and Pay instead.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nTo qualify for SMP you must:\n\n- earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week\n\n- give the correct notice\n\n- give proof you\u2019re pregnant\n\n- have worked for your employer continuously for at least 26 weeks continuing into the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 - the 15th week before the expected week of childbirth\n\nIf you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible.\n\nYou cannot get SMP if you go into police custody during your maternity pay period. It will not restart when you\u2019re discharged.\n\n## Early births or you lose your baby\n\nYou can still get Statutory Maternity Leave and SMP if your baby:\n\n- is born early\n\n- is stillborn after the start of your 24th week of pregnancy\n\n- dies after being born\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible for SMP\n\nYour employer must give you form SMP1 explaining why you cannot get SMP within 7 days of making their decision. You may be eligible for Maternity Allowance instead.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nAt least 15 weeks before your due date, tell your employer when the baby is due and when you want to start your maternity leave. Your employer can ask for this in writing.\n\nYour employer must write to you within 28 days confirming your start and end dates.\n\nUse the maternity planner to work out when you must claim your maternity leave.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nTell your employer you want to stop work to have a baby and the day you want your SMP to start. You must give them at least 28 days\u2019 notice (in writing if they ask for it) and proof that you\u2019re pregnant.\n\nYour employer must confirm within 28 days how much SMP you\u2019ll get and when it will start and stop.\n\nIf they decide you\u2019re not eligible, they must give you form SMP1 within 7 days of making their decision and explain why.\n\n## Proof you\u2019re pregnant\n\nYou need to give your employer proof of the pregnancy to get SMP. You do not need it for maternity leave.\n\nWithin 21 days of your SMP start date (or as soon as possible if the baby\u2019s born early) give your employer either:\n\n- a letter from your doctor or midwife\n\n- your MATB1 certificate - doctors and midwives will give you this no more than 20 weeks before the due date\n\nYou will not get SMP if you do not give your employer proof that the baby is due.\n\n## Extra help\n\n## Maternity benefits\n\nUse a benefits calculator to see what help you can get from:\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n- Working Tax Credit - this can continue for 39 weeks after you go on maternity leave\n\n- Income Support - you may get this while you\u2019re not working\n\nYou could get a \u00a3500 Sure Start Maternity Grant (usually if it\u2019s your first child).\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay, you could get Maternity Allowance from the government.\n\n## Company maternity schemes\n\nYou might get more than the statutory amount of leave and pay if your employer has a company maternity scheme. They cannot offer you less than the statutory amount.\n\n## Extra leave\n\nYou could get 18 weeks\u2019 unpaid parental leave after the birth - this may be restricted to 4 weeks per year.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When you take time off to have a baby you might be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity Leave
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • paid time off for antenatal care
    • ", + "
  • extra help from the government
    • ", + "

    There are rules on when and how to claim your paid leave and if you want to change your dates.

    ", + "

    You can work out your maternity pay and leave online.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible to get Shared Parental Leave and Pay.

    ", + "

    Employment rights when on leave

    ", + "

    Your employment rights are protected while on Statutory Maternity Leave. This includes your right to:

    ", + "
  • pay rises
    • ", + "
  • build up (accrue) holiday
    • ", + "
  • return to work
    • ", + "

    Leave

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Leave is 52 weeks. It\u2019s made up of:

    ", + "
  • Ordinary Maternity Leave - first 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • Additional Maternity Leave - last 26 weeks
    • ", + "

    You do not have to take 52 weeks but you must take 2 weeks\u2019 leave after your baby is born (or 4 weeks if you work in a factory).

    ", + "

    Use the maternity planner to work out the dates for your ordinary and additional leave.

    ", + "

    You may be entitled to take some of your leave as Shared Parental Leave.

    ", + "

    Start date and early births

    ", + "

    Usually, the earliest you can start your leave is 11 weeks before the expected week of childbirth.

    ", + "

    Leave will also start:

    ", + "
  • the day after the birth if the baby is early
    • ", + "
  • automatically if you\u2019re off work for a pregnancy-related illness in the 4 weeks before the week (Sunday to Saturday) that your baby is due
    • ", + "

    Use the maternity planner to work out the earliest date your maternity leave can start.

    ", + "

    Change your date for returning to work

    ", + "

    You must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice if you want to change your return to work date.

    ", + "

    Pay

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) is paid for up to 39 weeks. You get:

    ", + "
  • 90% of your average weekly earnings (before tax) for the first 6 weeks
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3151.97or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks
    • ", + "

    SMP is paid in the same way as your wages (for example monthly or weekly). Tax and National Insurance will be deducted.

    ", + "

    Use the maternity pay calculator to work out how much you could get.

    ", + "

    If you take Shared Parental Leave you\u2019ll get Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). ShPP is \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.

    ", + "

    Start date

    ", + "

    SMP usually starts when you take your maternity leave.

    ", + "

    It starts automatically if you\u2019re off work for a pregnancy-related illness in the 4 weeks before the week (Sunday to Saturday) that your baby is due.

    ", + "

    Problems and disputes

    ", + "

    Ask your employer to explain your SMP if you think it\u2019s not right. If you disagree about the amount or your employer cannot pay (for example because they\u2019re insolvent), contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Leave

    ", + "

    You qualify for Statutory Maternity Leave if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re an employee not a \u2018worker\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you give your employer the correct notice
    • ", + "

    It does not matter how long you\u2019ve been with your employer, how many hours you work or how much you get paid.

    ", + "

    You cannot get Statutory Maternity Leave if you have a child through surrogacy - you could get Statutory Adoption Leave and Pay instead.

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)

    ", + "

    To qualify for SMP you must:

    ", + "
  • earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give proof you\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "
  • have worked for your employer continuously for at least 26 weeks continuing into the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 - the 15th week before the expected week of childbirth
    • ", + "

    If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    You cannot get SMP if you go into police custody during your maternity pay period. It will not restart when you\u2019re discharged.

    ", + "

    Early births or you lose your baby

    ", + "

    You can still get Statutory Maternity Leave and SMP if your baby:

    ", + "
  • is born early
    • ", + "
  • is stillborn after the start of your 24th week of pregnancy
    • ", + "
  • dies after being born
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for SMP

    ", + "

    Your employer must give you form SMP1 explaining why you cannot get SMP within 7 days of making their decision. You may be eligible for Maternity Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Leave

    ", + "

    At least 15 weeks before your due date, tell your employer when the baby is due and when you want to start your maternity leave. Your employer can ask for this in writing.

    ", + "

    Your employer must write to you within 28 days confirming your start and end dates.

    ", + "

    Use the maternity planner to work out when you must claim your maternity leave.

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)

    ", + "

    Tell your employer you want to stop work to have a baby and the day you want your SMP to start. You must give them at least 28 days\u2019 notice (in writing if they ask for it) and proof that you\u2019re pregnant.

    ", + "

    Your employer must confirm within 28 days how much SMP you\u2019ll get and when it will start and stop.

    ", + "

    If they decide you\u2019re not eligible, they must give you form SMP1 within 7 days of making their decision and explain why.

    ", + "

    Proof you\u2019re pregnant

    ", + "

    You need to give your employer proof of the pregnancy to get SMP. You do not need it for maternity leave.

    ", + "

    Within 21 days of your SMP start date (or as soon as possible if the baby\u2019s born early) give your employer either:

    ", + "
  • a letter from your doctor or midwife
    • ", + "
  • your MATB1 certificate - doctors and midwives will give you this no more than 20 weeks before the due date
    • ", + "

    You will not get SMP if you do not give your employer proof that the baby is due.

    ", + "

    Extra help

    ", + "

    Maternity benefits

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to see what help you can get from:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit - this can continue for 39 weeks after you go on maternity leave
    • ", + "
  • Income Support - you may get this while you\u2019re not working
    • ", + "

    You could get a \u00a3500 Sure Start Maternity Grant (usually if it\u2019s your first child).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay, you could get Maternity Allowance from the government.

    ", + "

    Company maternity schemes

    ", + "

    You might get more than the statutory amount of leave and pay if your employer has a company maternity scheme. They cannot offer you less than the statutory amount.

    ", + "

    Extra leave

    ", + "

    You could get 18 weeks\u2019 unpaid parental leave after the birth - this may be restricted to 4 weeks per year.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/maternity-allowance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maternity-allowance", + "title": "Maternity Allowance", + "content": "## Overview\n\nMaternity Allowance is usually paid to you if you do not qualify for Statutory Maternity Pay.\n\nThe amount you can get depends on your eligibility.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou can claim Maternity Allowance as soon as you\u2019ve been pregnant for 26 weeks. Payments can start 11 weeks before your baby is due.\n\nAny money you get can affect your other benefits.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe amount you can get depends on your eligibility.\n\nYou could get either:\n\n- \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is less) for 39 weeks\n\n- \u00a327 a week for 39 weeks\n\n- \u00a327 a week for 14 weeks\n\nMaternity Allowance is paid every 2 or 4 weeks.\n\nYou can claim Maternity Allowance once you\u2019ve been pregnant for 26 weeks. Payments can start 11 weeks before your baby is due.\n\nUse the maternity entitlement calculator to work out how much you could get.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are usually paid straight into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Impact on other benefits\n\nMaternity Allowance will not affect your tax credits but it will affect how much you get for:\n\n- Council Tax Reduction\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) - this will stop if you get Maternity Allowance\n\n- bereavement benefits\n\n- Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n## The benefit cap\n\nThe benefit cap limits the total amount of benefit you can get. It applies to most people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age.\n\nSome individual benefits are not affected, but it may affect the total amount of benefit you get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can use the maternity entitlement calculator to check your eligibility.\n\n## Maternity Allowance for 39 weeks\n\nYou might get Maternity Allowance for 39 weeks if one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re employed, but cannot get Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- you\u2019re self-employed\n\n- you\u2019ve recently stopped working\n\nIn the 66 weeks before your baby\u2019s due, you must also have been:\n\n- employed or self-employed for at least 26 weeks\n\n- earning (or classed as earning) \u00a330 a week or more in at least 13 weeks - the weeks do not have to be together\n\nYou may still qualify if you\u2019ve recently stopped working. It does not matter if you had different jobs or periods of unemployment.\n\nIf you usually earn \u00a330 or more a week and only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible. You must give details in your claim form.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nTo get the full amount of Maternity Allowance, you must have paid Class 2 National Insurance for at least 13 of the 66 weeks before your baby\u2019s due.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will check if you\u2019ve paid enough when you make your claim. They\u2019ll write to you if you have not.\n\nIf you have not paid enough Class 2 National Insurance to get the full rate (\u00a3151.97 a week), you\u2019ll get \u00a327 a week for 39 weeks. You still need to meet all the other eligibility criteria to get this amount.\n\nYou may be able to get the full rate by making early National Insurance payments. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a letter to tell you how.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay using the reference number in the letter to get the full rate, even if you\u2019ve recently made a payment through Self Assessment.\n\n## Maternity Allowance for 14 weeks\n\nYou might get Maternity Allowance for 14 weeks if for at least 26 weeks in the 66 weeks before your baby is due:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re not employed or self-employed\n\n- you take part in the business of your self-employed spouse or civil partner\n\n- the work you do is for the business and unpaid\n\n- your spouse or civil partner is registered as self-employed with HMRC and should pay Class 2 National Insurance\n\n- your spouse or civil partner is working as self-employed person\n\n- you\u2019re not eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay or the higher amount of Maternity Allowance (for the same pregnancy)\n\n## If you lose the baby\n\nYou may still qualify if the baby is either:\n\n- stillborn from the start of the 24th week of pregnancy\n\n- born alive at any point during the pregnancy\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nReport any changes to your circumstances to your local Jobcentre Plus as they can affect how much you get. For example, if you go back to work.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Maternity Allowance (MA1) claim form. You can either:\n\n- print it and fill it in\n\n- fill it in online and print it\n\n- order a form if you cannot print it\n\nThe form has notes to help you fill it in.\n\nSend it to the address on the form.\n\nIf you\u2019ve arranged to pay your Self Assessment tax and National Insurance bill in instalments because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your application might be rejected. Contact HMRC before applying for Maternity Allowance.\n\nAlternative formats\n\nCall Jobcentre Plus to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## What to send with your claim form\n\nYou can claim Maternity Allowance once you\u2019ve been pregnant for 26 weeks. Payments can start 11 weeks before your baby is due.\n\nYou need to provide:\n\n- proof of your income, such as original payslips or a Certificate of Small Earnings Exemption (if applicable for the 2014 to 2015 tax year)\n\n- proof of the baby\u2019s due date, such as a letter from the doctor or midwife or your MATB1 certificate\n\n- your SMP1 form - only if you were refused Statutory Maternity Pay by your employer\n\nIf your proof of income includes times you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, mention this in the \u2018additional information\u2019 section of your form. Include the dates that you were on the scheme and how much (as a percentage) of your normal pay you were actually paid.\n\nYou may need to give more information about your partner\u2019s self-employed business and what you do if you\u2019re applying for Maternity Allowance for 14 weeks.\n\n## When you\u2019ll hear about your claim\n\nYou should get a decision on your claim within 20 working days.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, a form will be sent to you confirming your entitlement and asking you to confirm your last day of employment before leave.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Maternity Allowance is usually paid to you if you do not qualify for Statutory Maternity Pay.

    ", + "

    The amount you can get depends on your eligibility.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You can claim Maternity Allowance as soon as you\u2019ve been pregnant for 26 weeks. Payments can start 11 weeks before your baby is due.

    ", + "

    Any money you get can affect your other benefits.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The amount you can get depends on your eligibility.

    ", + "

    You could get either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is less) for 39 weeks
    • ", + "
  • \u00a327 a week for 39 weeks
    • ", + "
  • \u00a327 a week for 14 weeks
    • ", + "

    Maternity Allowance is paid every 2 or 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    You can claim Maternity Allowance once you\u2019ve been pregnant for 26 weeks. Payments can start 11 weeks before your baby is due.

    ", + "

    Use the maternity entitlement calculator to work out how much you could get.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are usually paid straight into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Impact on other benefits

    ", + "

    Maternity Allowance will not affect your tax credits but it will affect how much you get for:

    ", + "
  • Council Tax Reduction
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) - this will stop if you get Maternity Allowance
    • ", + "
  • bereavement benefits
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    The benefit cap

    ", + "

    The benefit cap limits the total amount of benefit you can get. It applies to most people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age.

    ", + "

    Some individual benefits are not affected, but it may affect the total amount of benefit you get.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can use the maternity entitlement calculator to check your eligibility.

    ", + "

    Maternity Allowance for 39 weeks

    ", + "

    You might get Maternity Allowance for 39 weeks if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re employed, but cannot get Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve recently stopped working
    • ", + "

    In the 66 weeks before your baby\u2019s due, you must also have been:

    ", + "
  • employed or self-employed for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • earning (or classed as earning) \u00a330 a week or more in at least 13 weeks - the weeks do not have to be together
    • ", + "

    You may still qualify if you\u2019ve recently stopped working. It does not matter if you had different jobs or periods of unemployment.

    ", + "

    If you usually earn \u00a330 or more a week and only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible. You must give details in your claim form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    To get the full amount of Maternity Allowance, you must have paid Class 2 National Insurance for at least 13 of the 66 weeks before your baby\u2019s due.

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will check if you\u2019ve paid enough when you make your claim. They\u2019ll write to you if you have not.

    ", + "

    If you have not paid enough Class 2 National Insurance to get the full rate (\u00a3151.97 a week), you\u2019ll get \u00a327 a week for 39 weeks. You still need to meet all the other eligibility criteria to get this amount.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get the full rate by making early National Insurance payments. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a letter to tell you how.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay using the reference number in the letter to get the full rate, even if you\u2019ve recently made a payment through Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    Maternity Allowance for 14 weeks

    ", + "

    You might get Maternity Allowance for 14 weeks if for at least 26 weeks in the 66 weeks before your baby is due:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not employed or self-employed
    • ", + "
  • you take part in the business of your self-employed spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • the work you do is for the business and unpaid
    • ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner is registered as self-employed with HMRC and should pay Class 2 National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner is working as self-employed person
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay or the higher amount of Maternity Allowance (for the same pregnancy)
    • ", + "

    If you lose the baby

    ", + "

    You may still qualify if the baby is either:

    ", + "
  • stillborn from the start of the 24th week of pregnancy
    • ", + "
  • born alive at any point during the pregnancy
    • ", + "

    Change of circumstances

    ", + "

    Report any changes to your circumstances to your local Jobcentre Plus as they can affect how much you get. For example, if you go back to work.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Maternity Allowance (MA1) claim form. You can either:

    ", + "
  • print it and fill it in
    • ", + "
  • fill it in online and print it
    • ", + "
  • order a form if you cannot print it
    • ", + "

    The form has notes to help you fill it in.

    ", + "

    Send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve arranged to pay your Self Assessment tax and National Insurance bill in instalments because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your application might be rejected. Contact HMRC before applying for Maternity Allowance.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call Jobcentre Plus to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    What to send with your claim form

    ", + "

    You can claim Maternity Allowance once you\u2019ve been pregnant for 26 weeks. Payments can start 11 weeks before your baby is due.

    ", + "

    You need to provide:

    ", + "
  • proof of your income, such as original payslips or a Certificate of Small Earnings Exemption (if applicable for the 2014 to 2015 tax year)
    • ", + "
  • proof of the baby\u2019s due date, such as a letter from the doctor or midwife or your MATB1 certificate
    • ", + "
  • your SMP1 form - only if you were refused Statutory Maternity Pay by your employer
    • ", + "

    If your proof of income includes times you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, mention this in the \u2018additional information\u2019 section of your form. Include the dates that you were on the scheme and how much (as a percentage) of your normal pay you were actually paid.

    ", + "

    You may need to give more information about your partner\u2019s self-employed business and what you do if you\u2019re applying for Maternity Allowance for 14 weeks.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll hear about your claim

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your claim within 20 working days.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, a form will be sent to you confirming your entitlement and asking you to confirm your last day of employment before leave.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/sure-start-maternity-grant": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/sure-start-maternity-grant", + "title": "Sure Start Maternity Grant", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou could get a one-off payment of \u00a3500 to help towards the costs of having a child. This is known as a Sure Start Maternity Grant.\n\nIf you live in Scotland you cannot get a Sure Start Maternity Grant. You can apply for a Pregnancy and Baby Payment instead.\n\nYou usually qualify for the grant if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting your first child, or you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins) and have children already\n\n- you or your partner already get certain benefits\n\nYou must claim the grant within 11 weeks of the baby\u2019s due date or within 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth.\n\nYou do not have to pay the grant back and it will not affect your other benefits or tax credits.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## What you'll get\n\nA Sure Start Maternity Grant is \u00a3500 and you do not have to pay it back.\n\nYou may not get a grant if you already have children.\n\n## If you already have children under 16\n\nYou can only get a grant if at least one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)\n\n- the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK\n\n| Children under 16 | Grant if you have twins | Grant if you have triplets |\n\n| You have 1 or more (and none of them are from multiple births) | \u00a3500 | \u00a31,000 |\n\n| You\u2019ve already had twins | \u00a30 | \u00a3500 |\n\n| You\u2019ve already had triplets | \u00a30 | \u00a30 |\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nUsually, to qualify for a Sure Start Maternity Grant there must be no other children in your family. You or your partner must also get one of these benefits:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n- Working Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element\n\n- Universal Credit\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re getting a Support for Mortgage Interest loan.\n\nIf you live in Scotland you cannot get a Sure Start Maternity Grant. You can apply for a Pregnancy and Baby Payment instead.\n\n## If you already have children under 16\n\nYou may still be able to get a grant if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)\n\n- the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s (but not your partner\u2019s) and the child was over 12 months old when the arrangement started\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK\n\nYou must claim by the deadline.\n\n## If you\u2019re not giving birth\n\nYou may also be able to get a grant if you\u2019re adopting or becoming a surrogate parent.\n\nThe baby must be less than 1 year old on the date you claim. You must be receiving one of the benefits above and one of the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve become responsible for the baby and you\u2019re not the mother\n\n- the baby has been placed with you for adoption\n\n- you\u2019ve got permission to adopt a baby from abroad\n\n- you\u2019ve got a parental order for a surrogate birth\n\n- you\u2019ve been appointed as guardian\n\n- you\u2019ve an adoption or a residence order\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim from 11 weeks before the week your baby is due. The latest you can claim is 6 months after your baby is born.\n\nIf you\u2019re becoming responsible for a child, you must claim within 6 months of this happening.\n\n## Claim by post\n\n- Print out and fill in the Sure Start Maternity Grant (SF100) claim form.\n\n- Get a health professional such as a doctor or midwife to fill in the statement on page 10 of the form. You can send your form without this statement if necessary to meet the deadline. If you do this, you\u2019ll be contacted about arranging the statement at a later date.\n\n- Post the form to \u2018Freepost DWP SSMG\u2019 - you do not need a postcode or a stamp.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form and postal address if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you if your claim was successful.\n\nIf you get Universal Credit, you will not get a decision on your claim until after your next payment.\n\n## Get help with your claim\n\nCall the Sure Start Maternity Grant helpline.\n\nYou can also contact Jobcentre Plus.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Sure Start Maternity Grant helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You could get a one-off payment of \u00a3500 to help towards the costs of having a child. This is known as a Sure Start Maternity Grant.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland you cannot get a Sure Start Maternity Grant. You can apply for a Pregnancy and Baby Payment instead.

    ", + "

    You usually qualify for the grant if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expecting your first child, or you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins) and have children already
    • ", + "
  • you or your partner already get certain benefits
    • ", + "

    You must claim the grant within 11 weeks of the baby\u2019s due date or within 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay the grant back and it will not affect your other benefits or tax credits.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    A Sure Start Maternity Grant is \u00a3500 and you do not have to pay it back.

    ", + "

    You may not get a grant if you already have children.

    ", + "

    If you already have children under 16

    ", + "

    You can only get a grant if at least one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)
    • ", + "
  • the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK
    • ", + "Children under 16 | Grant if you have twins | Grant if you have triplets", + "You have 1 or more (and none of them are from multiple births) | \u00a3500 | \u00a31,000", + "You\u2019ve already had twins | \u00a30 | \u00a3500", + "You\u2019ve already had triplets | \u00a30 | \u00a30", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Usually, to qualify for a Sure Start Maternity Grant there must be no other children in your family. You or your partner must also get one of these benefits:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    You may also qualify if you\u2019re getting a Support for Mortgage Interest loan.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland you cannot get a Sure Start Maternity Grant. You can apply for a Pregnancy and Baby Payment instead.

    ", + "

    If you already have children under 16

    ", + "

    You may still be able to get a grant if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)
    • ", + "
  • the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s (but not your partner\u2019s) and the child was over 12 months old when the arrangement started
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK
    • ", + "

    You must claim by the deadline.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not giving birth

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get a grant if you\u2019re adopting or becoming a surrogate parent.

    ", + "

    The baby must be less than 1 year old on the date you claim. You must be receiving one of the benefits above and one of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve become responsible for the baby and you\u2019re not the mother
    • ", + "
  • the baby has been placed with you for adoption
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got permission to adopt a baby from abroad
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got a parental order for a surrogate birth
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been appointed as guardian
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve an adoption or a residence order
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim from 11 weeks before the week your baby is due. The latest you can claim is 6 months after your baby is born.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re becoming responsible for a child, you must claim within 6 months of this happening.

    ", + "

    Claim by post

    ", + "
  • Print out and fill in the Sure Start Maternity Grant (SF100) claim form.
    • ", + "
  • Get a health professional such as a doctor or midwife to fill in the statement on page 10 of the form. You can send your form without this statement if necessary to meet the deadline. If you do this, you\u2019ll be contacted about arranging the statement at a later date.
    • ", + "
  • Post the form to \u2018Freepost DWP SSMG\u2019 - you do not need a postcode or a stamp.
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different form and postal address if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you if your claim was successful.

    ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit, you will not get a decision on your claim until after your next payment.

    ", + "

    Get help with your claim

    ", + "

    Call the Sure Start Maternity Grant helpline.

    ", + "

    You can also contact Jobcentre Plus.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call the Sure Start Maternity Grant helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/paternity-pay-leave": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paternity-pay-leave", + "title": "Paternity pay and leave", + "content": "## Overview\n\nWhen you take time off because your partner\u2019s having a baby, adopting a child or having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement you might be eligible for:\n\n- 1 or 2 weeks\u2019 paid Paternity Leave\n\n- Paternity Pay\n\n- Shared Parental Leave and Pay\n\nYou may not get both leave and pay, and there are rules on how to claim and when your leave can start.\n\n## Employment rights when on leave\n\nYour employment rights are protected while on paternity leave. This includes your right to:\n\n- pay rises\n\n- build up (accrue) holiday\n\n- return to work\n\nYou can get time off to accompany your partner (or the surrogate mother) to 2 antenatal appointments.\n\nIf you\u2019re adopting a child, you can get time off to attend 2 adoption appointments after you\u2019ve been matched with a child.\n\n## Leave\n\n## Paternity leave\n\nYou can choose to take either 1 or 2 weeks. You get the same amount of leave if your partner has a multiple birth (such as twins).\n\nYou must take your leave in one go. A week is the same amount of days that you normally work in a week - for example, a week is 2 days if you only work on Mondays and Tuesdays.\n\n## Start and end dates\n\nLeave cannot start before the birth. It must end within 56 days of the birth (or due date if the baby is early).\n\nYou must give your employer 28 days\u2019 notice if you want to change your start date.\n\nYou do not have to give a precise date when you want to take leave (for example 1 February). Instead you can give a general time, such as the day of the birth or 1 week after the birth.\n\nThe rules are different if you adopt.\n\n## Shared Parental Leave\n\nYou may also be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL). You cannot take Paternity Leave after you take SPL.\n\n## Leave for antenatal appointments\n\nYou can take unpaid leave to accompany a pregnant woman to 2 antenatal appointments if you\u2019re:\n\n- the baby\u2019s father\n\n- the expectant mother\u2019s spouse or civil partner\n\n- in a long-term relationship with the expectant mother\n\n- the intended parent (if you\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)\n\nYou can take up to 6 and a half hours per appointment. Your employer can choose to give you longer.\n\nYou can apply for leave immediately if you\u2019re a permanent employee. You\u2019ll need to have been doing a job for 12 weeks before you qualify if you\u2019re an agency worker.\n\n## Pay\n\nThe statutory weekly rate of Paternity Pay is \u00a3151.97, or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower).\n\nAny money you get is paid in the same way as your wages, for example monthly or weekly. Tax and National Insurance will be deducted.\n\n## Start and end dates\n\nThe money is usually paid while you\u2019re on leave. Your employer must confirm the start and end dates for your Paternity Pay when you claim it.\n\nTo change the start date you must give your employer 28 days\u2019 notice.\n\nYou could get more pay if your employer has a company paternity scheme - they cannot offer you less than the statutory amounts.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be taking time off to look after the child and be one of the following:\n\n- the father\n\n- the husband or partner of the mother (or adopter) - this includes same-sex partners\n\n- the child\u2019s adopter\n\n- the intended parent (if you\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)\n\nThere are extra conditions you need to meet to qualify for leave and pay.\n\nYou cannot get Paternity Pay and Leave if you\u2019ve taken paid time off to attend adoption appointments.\n\n## Paternity Leave\n\nYou must:\n\n- be an employee\n\n- give the correct notice\n\n- have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019\n\nThe \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if you adopt.\n\n## Paternity Pay\n\nYou must:\n\n- be employed by your employer up to the date of birth\n\n- earn at least \u00a3120 a week (before tax)\n\n- give the correct notice\n\n- have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019\n\nThe \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if you adopt.\n\nIf you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible.\n\n## If you lose your baby\n\nYou can still get Paternity Leave or Pay if your baby is:\n\n- stillborn from 24 weeks of pregnancy\n\n- born alive at any point during the pregnancy\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nYour employer must tell you within 28 days if you do not qualify and why using form SPP1.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim Paternity Leave and Pay through your employer. You do not need to give proof of the pregnancy or birth.\n\nThe rules and forms are different if you adopt.\n\n## Paternity Leave\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the baby is due, tell your employer:\n\n- the due date\n\n- when you want your leave to start, for example the day of the birth or the week after the birth\n\n- if you want 1 or 2 weeks\u2019 leave\n\nYour employer can ask for this in writing. You can ask for Paternity Pay at the same time, if you use form SC3 (or your employer\u2019s own version).\n\nUse the paternity planner to find out when you need to claim Paternity Leave by.\n\n## Paternity Pay\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the baby is due, give your employer form SC3 (or their own version).\n\n## Adoption and surrogacy\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the \u2018matching week\u2019. For adoption this is either:\n\n- the end of the week you\u2019re matched with the child (UK adoptions)\n\n- the date the child enters the UK or when you want your pay to start (overseas adoptions)\n\nYou must also meet the other eligibility conditions for paternity leave or pay.\n\n## Start and end dates - Paternity Leave\n\nYour period of Paternity Leave can start:\n\n- on the date of placement\n\n- an agreed number of days after the date of placement\n\n- on the date the child arrives in the UK or an agreed number of days after this (overseas adoptions only)\n\n- the day the child\u2019s born or the day after if you\u2019re working that day (surrogate parents)\n\nLeave must be taken within 56 days of the date of placement or the child\u2019s arrival in the UK (overseas adoptions).\n\nYou must give your employer 28 days\u2019 notice if you want to change your start date.\n\n## How to claim - Paternity Leave or Pay\n\nYou must use form SC4 (or your employer\u2019s own version) for:\n\n- leave - within 7 days of your co-adopter or partner being matched with a child\n\n- pay - 28 days before you want your pay to start\n\nFor overseas adoptions the form and notice period is different. The process is explained on form SC5.\n\n## Proof of adoption\n\nYou must give your employer proof of adoption to qualify for Paternity Pay. Proof is not needed for Paternity Leave unless your employer asks for it.\n\nProof can be a letter from your adoption agency or the matching certificate.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide this information within 28 days.\n\n## Surrogacy arrangements\n\nTo be eligible for Paternity Pay and Leave if you use a surrogate to have a baby, you must:\n\n- be in a couple\n\n- be responsible for the child (with your partner)\n\n- have worked for your employer continuously for at least 26 weeks by the end of the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 (the 15th week before the baby is due)\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the due date, tell your employer when the baby is due and when you want to start your leave - they may ask for this in writing.\n\nYour employer may ask for a written statement to confirm you intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the child\u2019s birth. You must sign this in the presence of a legal professional.\n\nYou cannot get Paternity Leave if you take Shared Parental Leave.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When you take time off because your partner\u2019s having a baby, adopting a child or having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement you might be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • 1 or 2 weeks\u2019 paid Paternity Leave
    • ", + "
  • Paternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Shared Parental Leave and Pay
    • ", + "

    You may not get both leave and pay, and there are rules on how to claim and when your leave can start.

    ", + "

    Employment rights when on leave

    ", + "

    Your employment rights are protected while on paternity leave. This includes your right to:

    ", + "
  • pay rises
    • ", + "
  • build up (accrue) holiday
    • ", + "
  • return to work
    • ", + "

    You can get time off to accompany your partner (or the surrogate mother) to 2 antenatal appointments.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re adopting a child, you can get time off to attend 2 adoption appointments after you\u2019ve been matched with a child.

    ", + "

    Leave

    ", + "

    Paternity leave

    ", + "

    You can choose to take either 1 or 2 weeks. You get the same amount of leave if your partner has a multiple birth (such as twins).

    ", + "

    You must take your leave in one go. A week is the same amount of days that you normally work in a week - for example, a week is 2 days if you only work on Mondays and Tuesdays.

    ", + "

    Start and end dates

    ", + "

    Leave cannot start before the birth. It must end within 56 days of the birth (or due date if the baby is early).

    ", + "

    You must give your employer 28 days\u2019 notice if you want to change your start date.

    ", + "

    You do not have to give a precise date when you want to take leave (for example 1 February). Instead you can give a general time, such as the day of the birth or 1 week after the birth.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you adopt.

    ", + "

    Shared Parental Leave

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL). You cannot take Paternity Leave after you take SPL.

    ", + "

    Leave for antenatal appointments

    ", + "

    You can take unpaid leave to accompany a pregnant woman to 2 antenatal appointments if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • the baby\u2019s father
    • ", + "
  • the expectant mother\u2019s spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • in a long-term relationship with the expectant mother
    • ", + "
  • the intended parent (if you\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)
    • ", + "

    You can take up to 6 and a half hours per appointment. Your employer can choose to give you longer.

    ", + "

    You can apply for leave immediately if you\u2019re a permanent employee. You\u2019ll need to have been doing a job for 12 weeks before you qualify if you\u2019re an agency worker.

    ", + "

    Pay

    ", + "

    The statutory weekly rate of Paternity Pay is \u00a3151.97, or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower).

    ", + "

    Any money you get is paid in the same way as your wages, for example monthly or weekly. Tax and National Insurance will be deducted.

    ", + "

    Start and end dates

    ", + "

    The money is usually paid while you\u2019re on leave. Your employer must confirm the start and end dates for your Paternity Pay when you claim it.

    ", + "

    To change the start date you must give your employer 28 days\u2019 notice.

    ", + "

    You could get more pay if your employer has a company paternity scheme - they cannot offer you less than the statutory amounts.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must be taking time off to look after the child and be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the father
    • ", + "
  • the husband or partner of the mother (or adopter) - this includes same-sex partners
    • ", + "
  • the child\u2019s adopter
    • ", + "
  • the intended parent (if you\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)
    • ", + "

    There are extra conditions you need to meet to qualify for leave and pay.

    ", + "

    You cannot get Paternity Pay and Leave if you\u2019ve taken paid time off to attend adoption appointments.

    ", + "

    Paternity Leave

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • be an employee
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019
    • ", + "

    The \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if you adopt.

    ", + "

    Paternity Pay

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • be employed by your employer up to the date of birth
    • ", + "
  • earn at least \u00a3120 a week (before tax)
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019
    • ", + "

    The \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if you adopt.

    ", + "

    If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    If you lose your baby

    ", + "

    You can still get Paternity Leave or Pay if your baby is:

    ", + "
  • stillborn from 24 weeks of pregnancy
    • ", + "
  • born alive at any point during the pregnancy
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible

    ", + "

    Your employer must tell you within 28 days if you do not qualify and why using form SPP1.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Claim Paternity Leave and Pay through your employer. You do not need to give proof of the pregnancy or birth.

    ", + "

    The rules and forms are different if you adopt.

    ", + "

    Paternity Leave

    ", + "

    At least 15 weeks before the baby is due, tell your employer:

    ", + "
  • the due date
    • ", + "
  • when you want your leave to start, for example the day of the birth or the week after the birth
    • ", + "
  • if you want 1 or 2 weeks\u2019 leave
    • ", + "

    Your employer can ask for this in writing. You can ask for Paternity Pay at the same time, if you use form SC3 (or your employer\u2019s own version).

    ", + "

    Use the paternity planner to find out when you need to claim Paternity Leave by.

    ", + "

    Paternity Pay

    ", + "

    At least 15 weeks before the baby is due, give your employer form SC3 (or their own version).

    ", + "

    Adoption and surrogacy

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the \u2018matching week\u2019. For adoption this is either:

    ", + "
  • the end of the week you\u2019re matched with the child (UK adoptions)
    • ", + "
  • the date the child enters the UK or when you want your pay to start (overseas adoptions)
    • ", + "

    You must also meet the other eligibility conditions for paternity leave or pay.

    ", + "

    Start and end dates - Paternity Leave

    ", + "

    Your period of Paternity Leave can start:

    ", + "
  • on the date of placement
    • ", + "
  • an agreed number of days after the date of placement
    • ", + "
  • on the date the child arrives in the UK or an agreed number of days after this (overseas adoptions only)
    • ", + "
  • the day the child\u2019s born or the day after if you\u2019re working that day (surrogate parents)
    • ", + "

    Leave must be taken within 56 days of the date of placement or the child\u2019s arrival in the UK (overseas adoptions).

    ", + "

    You must give your employer 28 days\u2019 notice if you want to change your start date.

    ", + "

    How to claim - Paternity Leave or Pay

    ", + "

    You must use form SC4 (or your employer\u2019s own version) for:

    ", + "
  • leave - within 7 days of your co-adopter or partner being matched with a child
    • ", + "
  • pay - 28 days before you want your pay to start
    • ", + "

    For overseas adoptions the form and notice period is different. The process is explained on form SC5.

    ", + "

    Proof of adoption

    ", + "

    You must give your employer proof of adoption to qualify for Paternity Pay. Proof is not needed for Paternity Leave unless your employer asks for it.

    ", + "

    Proof can be a letter from your adoption agency or the matching certificate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide this information within 28 days.

    ", + "

    Surrogacy arrangements

    ", + "

    To be eligible for Paternity Pay and Leave if you use a surrogate to have a baby, you must:

    ", + "
  • be in a couple
    • ", + "
  • be responsible for the child (with your partner)
    • ", + "
  • have worked for your employer continuously for at least 26 weeks by the end of the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 (the 15th week before the baby is due)
    • ", + "

    At least 15 weeks before the due date, tell your employer when the baby is due and when you want to start your leave - they may ask for this in writing.

    ", + "

    Your employer may ask for a written statement to confirm you intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the child\u2019s birth. You must sign this in the presence of a legal professional.

    ", + "

    You cannot get Paternity Leave if you take Shared Parental Leave.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay", + "title": "Shared Parental Leave and Pay", + "content": "## How it works\n\nYou and your partner may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if you\u2019re:\n\n- having a baby\n\n- using a surrogate to have a baby\n\n- adopting a child\n\nYou can share up to 50 weeks of leave and up to 37 weeks of pay between you.\n\nYou need to share the pay and leave in the first year after your child is born or placed with your family.\n\nYou can use SPL to take leave in blocks separated by periods of work, or take it all in one go. You can also choose to be off work together or to stagger the leave and pay.\n\nTo get SPL and ShPP, you and your partner need to:\n\n- meet the eligibility criteria - there\u2019s different criteria for birth parents and criteria for adoptive parents or parents using a surrogate\n\n- give notice to your employers\n\n## Eligibility for birth parents\n\nTo be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP), both parents must:\n\n- share responsibility for the child at birth\n\n- meet work and pay criteria - these are different depending on which parent wants to use the shared parental leave and pay\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible if you started sharing responsibility for the child after it was born.\n\nThe eligibility criteria are different if you\u2019re adoptive parents or parents using a surrogate.\n\nYou can check if you can get SPL and ShPP. You\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- your child\u2019s due date or birth date\n\n- your and your partner\u2019s employment status and earnings\n\n- if you and your partner can get Statutory Maternity Pay or Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n## If both parents want to share the SPL and ShPP\n\nTo be eligible for SPL and ShPP, you and your partner must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date\n\n- stay with the same employer until you start your SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, you must be \u2018employees\u2019 (not \u2018workers\u2019) - check your employment status. If either of you is a \u2018worker\u2019, you might be able to share ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, you must each earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week each, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), you may still be eligible.\n\n## If the mother\u2019s partner wants to take the SPL and ShPP\n\nFor the mother\u2019s partner to take SPL and ShPP, both the mother and the mother\u2019s partner must meet some eligibility requirements.\n\nThe mother must:\n\n- have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the baby\u2019s due (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)\n\n- have earned at least \u00a3390 in total across any 13 of the 66 weeks\n\nThe mother\u2019s partner must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date\n\n- stay with the same employer until they start their SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, the partner must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If the partner is a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, the partner must earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If either person earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\n## If the mother wants to take the SPL and ShPP\n\nFor the mother to take SPL and ShPP, both the mother\u2019s partner and the mother must meet some eligibility criteria.\n\nThe mother\u2019s partner must:\n\n- have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the baby\u2019s due (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)\n\n- have earned at least \u00a3390 in total in 13 of the 66 weeks (add up the highest paying weeks, they do not need to be in a row)\n\nThe mother must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date\n\n- stay with the same employer until they start their SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, the mother must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If the mother is a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, the mother must earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If either person earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\n## Eligibility for adopters or parents using a surrogate\n\nTo be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP), both adoptive parents or both parents using a surrogate must:\n\n- share responsibility for the child on the child\u2019s due date or birth date if you\u2019re using a surrogate, or the date they\u2019re placed with you if you\u2019re adopting\n\n- meet the work and earnings criteria - these are different depending on which one of you wants to use the shared parental leave and pay\n\nThe eligibility criteria are different if you\u2019re birth parents.\n\nYou can check if you can get SPL and ShPP. You\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- your child\u2019s due date or birth date if you\u2019re using a surrogate, or the match date if you\u2019re adopting\n\n- your and your partner\u2019s employment status and earnings\n\n- if you and your partner can get Statutory Adoption Pay or Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n## If both parents want to share the SPL and ShPP\n\nTo be eligible for SPL and ShPP, you and your partner must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the week your child was placed with your family\n\n- stay with the same employer until you start your SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, you must be \u2018employees\u2019 (not \u2018workers\u2019) - check your employment status. If either of you is a \u2018worker\u2019, you might be able to share ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, you must each earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week each, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), you may still be eligible.\n\n## If only one of the parents wants to take the SPL and ShPP\n\nBoth parents must meet some eligibility criteria.\n\nThe parent who wants to take the leave and pay must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the week your child was placed with your family\n\n- stay with the same employer until they start their SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, they must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If they are a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, they must earn on average at least \u00a3120 each a week.\n\nThe other parent must:\n\n- have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the child was placed with you (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)\n\n- have earned at least \u00a3390 in total in 13 of the 66 weeks (add up the highest paying weeks, they do not need to be in a row)\n\nIf either parent earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible and you or your partner end maternity or adoption leave and pay (or Maternity Allowance) early, then you can:\n\n- take the rest of the 52 weeks of maternity or adoption leave as Shared Parental Leave (SPL)\n\n- take the rest of the 39 weeks of maternity or adoption pay (or Maternity Allowance) as Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP)\n\nYou can check when you and your partner can take your leave and how much statutory pay you\u2019ll get using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.\n\n## How much pay you\u2019ll get\n\nShPP is paid at the rate of \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.\n\nThis is the same as Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) except that during the first 6 weeks SMP is paid at 90% of whatever you earn (with no maximum).\n\n## When you can start\n\nYou can only start Shared Parental Leave (SPL) or Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) once the child has been born or placed for adoption.\n\nYou can check when you and your partner can start your leave using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.\n\n## For SPL to start\n\nThe mother (or the person getting adoption leave) must either:\n\n- return to work, which ends any maternity or adoption leave\n\n- give their employer \u2018binding notice\u2019 of the date when they plan to end their leave (you cannot normally change the date you give in binding notice)\n\nYou can start SPL while your partner is still on maternity or adoption leave as long as they\u2019ve given binding notice to end it.\n\nYou can give binding notice and say when you plan to take your SPL at the same time.\n\nA mother cannot return to work before the end of the compulsory 2 weeks of maternity leave following the birth (4 weeks if they work in a factory). If you\u2019re adopting, the person claiming adoption pay must take at least 2 weeks of adoption leave.\n\n## If the mother or adopter does not get maternity or adoption leave\n\nThe mother or adopter must end any maternity pay, adoption pay or Maternity Allowance so that they or their partner can get SPL.\n\n## For ShPP to start\n\nThe mother (or the person getting adoption pay) must give their employer binding notice of the date when they plan to end any maternity or adoption pay.\n\nIf they get Maternity Allowance, they must give notice to Jobcentre Plus instead.\n\nThey cannot restart maternity pay, Maternity Allowance or adoption pay once it\u2019s ended.\n\nYou can start ShPP while your partner is still on maternity pay, adoption pay or Maternity Allowance as long as they\u2019ve given binding notice to end it.\n\nYou can give binding notice and say when you plan to take your ShPP at the same time.\n\n## Change the decision to end maternity or adoption leave\n\nThe mother or adopter may be able to change their decision to end maternity or adoption leave early. They must let their employer know.\n\nThey can only change the decision if both:\n\n- the planned end date has not passed\n\n- they have not already returned to work\n\nOne of the following must also apply:\n\n- you find out during the 8-week notice period that neither of you is eligible for SPL or ShPP\n\n- the mother or adopter\u2019s partner has died\n\n- the mother tells their employer less than 6 weeks after the birth (and they gave their employer notice before the birth)\n\n## Booking blocks of leave\n\nYou can book up to 3 separate blocks of Shared Parental Leave (SPL) instead of taking it all in one go, even if you are not sharing the leave with your partner.\n\nIf your partner is also eligible for SPL, you can take up to 3 blocks of leave each. You can take leave at different times or both at the same time.\n\nYou must tell your employer about your plans for leave when you apply for SPL. You can change these plans later but you must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice before you want to begin a block of leave.\n\nYou can check when you and your partner can take your leave using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.\n\n## Splitting blocks of leave\n\nIf your employer agrees, you can split blocks into shorter periods of at least a week.\n\n## Shared Parental Leave in touch (SPLIT) days\n\nYou and your partner can each work up to 20 days while you\u2019re taking SPL. These are called \u2018Shared Parental Leave in touch\u2019 (or SPLIT) days.\n\nThese days are in addition to the 10 \u2018keeping in touch\u2019 (or KIT) days available to those on maternity or adoption leave.\n\nKIT and SPLIT days are optional - both you and your employer must agree to them.\n\n## Applying for leave and pay\n\nTo get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) or Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) you must:\n\n- follow the rules for starting SPL and ShPP\n\n- give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 written notice of your leave dates\n\nIf the mother (or person taking adoption leave) plans to take SPL or ShPP, they must apply to their employer.\n\nIf the partner plans to take SPL or ShPP, both the partner and the mother (or person taking adoption leave) must apply to their employers.\n\nYou can use Shared Parental Leave forms and templates created by Acas to:\n\n- give your employer notice that you plan to take SPL and ShPP\n\n- give your employer notice of when the mother or adopter is going to end their maternity or adoption leave, and when they\u2019ll stop getting maternity or adoption pay\n\n- book your leave dates\n\nIf your employer has their own forms you can use those instead.\n\nYou can change your mind later about how much SPL or ShPP you plan to take and when you want to take it. You must give notice of any changes at least 8 weeks before the start of any leave.\n\nYou might not get SPL or ShPP if you do not include all the required information.\n\n## Giving more information\n\nYour employer can ask you for more information within 14 days of you applying for SPL or ShPP. They can ask for:\n\n- a copy of the birth certificate\n\n- a declaration of the place and date of birth (if the birth has not been registered yet)\n\n- the name and address of your partner\u2019s employer or a declaration that your partner has no employer\n\nIf you\u2019re adopting, your employer can ask for the:\n\n- name and address of the adoption agency\n\n- date you were matched with the child\n\n- date the child will start to live with you\n\n- name and address of your partner\u2019s employer or a declaration that your partner has no employer\n\nYou must give this information within 14 days of being asked for it.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You and your partner may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • having a baby
    • ", + "
  • using a surrogate to have a baby
    • ", + "
  • adopting a child
    • ", + "

    You can share up to 50 weeks of leave and up to 37 weeks of pay between you.

    ", + "

    You need to share the pay and leave in the first year after your child is born or placed with your family.

    ", + "

    You can use SPL to take leave in blocks separated by periods of work, or take it all in one go. You can also choose to be off work together or to stagger the leave and pay.

    ", + "

    To get SPL and ShPP, you and your partner need to:

    ", + "
  • meet the eligibility criteria - there\u2019s different criteria for birth parents and criteria for adoptive parents or parents using a surrogate
    • ", + "
  • give notice to your employers
    • ", + "

    Eligibility for birth parents

    ", + "

    To be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP), both parents must:

    ", + "
  • share responsibility for the child at birth
    • ", + "
  • meet work and pay criteria - these are different depending on which parent wants to use the shared parental leave and pay
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible if you started sharing responsibility for the child after it was born.

    ", + "

    The eligibility criteria are different if you\u2019re adoptive parents or parents using a surrogate.

    ", + "

    You can check if you can get SPL and ShPP. You\u2019ll need to know:

    ", + "
  • your child\u2019s due date or birth date
    • ", + "
  • your and your partner\u2019s employment status and earnings
    • ", + "
  • if you and your partner can get Statutory Maternity Pay or Statutory Paternity Pay
    • ", + "

    If both parents want to share the SPL and ShPP

    ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL and ShPP, you and your partner must:

    ", + "
  • have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date
    • ", + "
  • stay with the same employer until you start your SPL
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL, you must be \u2018employees\u2019 (not \u2018workers\u2019) - check your employment status. If either of you is a \u2018worker\u2019, you might be able to share ShPP but not SPL.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for ShPP, you must each earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week each, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), you may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    If the mother\u2019s partner wants to take the SPL and ShPP

    ", + "

    For the mother\u2019s partner to take SPL and ShPP, both the mother and the mother\u2019s partner must meet some eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    The mother must:

    ", + "
  • have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the baby\u2019s due (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)
    • ", + "
  • have earned at least \u00a3390 in total across any 13 of the 66 weeks
    • ", + "

    The mother\u2019s partner must:

    ", + "
  • have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date
    • ", + "
  • stay with the same employer until they start their SPL
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL, the partner must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If the partner is a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for ShPP, the partner must earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If either person earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    If the mother wants to take the SPL and ShPP

    ", + "

    For the mother to take SPL and ShPP, both the mother\u2019s partner and the mother must meet some eligibility criteria.

    ", + "

    The mother\u2019s partner must:

    ", + "
  • have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the baby\u2019s due (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)
    • ", + "
  • have earned at least \u00a3390 in total in 13 of the 66 weeks (add up the highest paying weeks, they do not need to be in a row)
    • ", + "

    The mother must:

    ", + "
  • have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date
    • ", + "
  • stay with the same employer until they start their SPL
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL, the mother must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If the mother is a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for ShPP, the mother must earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If either person earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    Eligibility for adopters or parents using a surrogate

    ", + "

    To be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP), both adoptive parents or both parents using a surrogate must:

    ", + "
  • share responsibility for the child on the child\u2019s due date or birth date if you\u2019re using a surrogate, or the date they\u2019re placed with you if you\u2019re adopting
    • ", + "
  • meet the work and earnings criteria - these are different depending on which one of you wants to use the shared parental leave and pay
    • ", + "

    The eligibility criteria are different if you\u2019re birth parents.

    ", + "

    You can check if you can get SPL and ShPP. You\u2019ll need to know:

    ", + "
  • your child\u2019s due date or birth date if you\u2019re using a surrogate, or the match date if you\u2019re adopting
    • ", + "
  • your and your partner\u2019s employment status and earnings
    • ", + "
  • if you and your partner can get Statutory Adoption Pay or Statutory Paternity Pay
    • ", + "

    If both parents want to share the SPL and ShPP

    ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL and ShPP, you and your partner must:

    ", + "
  • have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the week your child was placed with your family
    • ", + "
  • stay with the same employer until you start your SPL
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL, you must be \u2018employees\u2019 (not \u2018workers\u2019) - check your employment status. If either of you is a \u2018worker\u2019, you might be able to share ShPP but not SPL.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for ShPP, you must each earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week each, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), you may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    If only one of the parents wants to take the SPL and ShPP

    ", + "

    Both parents must meet some eligibility criteria.

    ", + "

    The parent who wants to take the leave and pay must:

    ", + "
  • have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the week your child was placed with your family
    • ", + "
  • stay with the same employer until they start their SPL
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL, they must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If they are a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for ShPP, they must earn on average at least \u00a3120 each a week.

    ", + "

    The other parent must:

    ", + "
  • have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the child was placed with you (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)
    • ", + "
  • have earned at least \u00a3390 in total in 13 of the 66 weeks (add up the highest paying weeks, they do not need to be in a row)
    • ", + "

    If either parent earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible and you or your partner end maternity or adoption leave and pay (or Maternity Allowance) early, then you can:

    ", + "
  • take the rest of the 52 weeks of maternity or adoption leave as Shared Parental Leave (SPL)
    • ", + "
  • take the rest of the 39 weeks of maternity or adoption pay (or Maternity Allowance) as Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP)
    • ", + "

    You can check when you and your partner can take your leave and how much statutory pay you\u2019ll get using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.

    ", + "

    How much pay you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    ShPP is paid at the rate of \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.

    ", + "

    This is the same as Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) except that during the first 6 weeks SMP is paid at 90% of whatever you earn (with no maximum).

    ", + "

    When you can start

    ", + "

    You can only start Shared Parental Leave (SPL) or Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) once the child has been born or placed for adoption.

    ", + "

    You can check when you and your partner can start your leave using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.

    ", + "

    For SPL to start

    ", + "

    The mother (or the person getting adoption leave) must either:

    ", + "
  • return to work, which ends any maternity or adoption leave
    • ", + "
  • give their employer \u2018binding notice\u2019 of the date when they plan to end their leave (you cannot normally change the date you give in binding notice)
    • ", + "

    You can start SPL while your partner is still on maternity or adoption leave as long as they\u2019ve given binding notice to end it.

    ", + "

    You can give binding notice and say when you plan to take your SPL at the same time.

    ", + "

    A mother cannot return to work before the end of the compulsory 2 weeks of maternity leave following the birth (4 weeks if they work in a factory). If you\u2019re adopting, the person claiming adoption pay must take at least 2 weeks of adoption leave.

    ", + "

    If the mother or adopter does not get maternity or adoption leave

    ", + "

    The mother or adopter must end any maternity pay, adoption pay or Maternity Allowance so that they or their partner can get SPL.

    ", + "

    For ShPP to start

    ", + "

    The mother (or the person getting adoption pay) must give their employer binding notice of the date when they plan to end any maternity or adoption pay.

    ", + "

    If they get Maternity Allowance, they must give notice to Jobcentre Plus instead.

    ", + "

    They cannot restart maternity pay, Maternity Allowance or adoption pay once it\u2019s ended.

    ", + "

    You can start ShPP while your partner is still on maternity pay, adoption pay or Maternity Allowance as long as they\u2019ve given binding notice to end it.

    ", + "

    You can give binding notice and say when you plan to take your ShPP at the same time.

    ", + "

    Change the decision to end maternity or adoption leave

    ", + "

    The mother or adopter may be able to change their decision to end maternity or adoption leave early. They must let their employer know.

    ", + "

    They can only change the decision if both:

    ", + "
  • the planned end date has not passed
    • ", + "
  • they have not already returned to work
    • ", + "

    One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you find out during the 8-week notice period that neither of you is eligible for SPL or ShPP
    • ", + "
  • the mother or adopter\u2019s partner has died
    • ", + "
  • the mother tells their employer less than 6 weeks after the birth (and they gave their employer notice before the birth)
    • ", + "

    Booking blocks of leave

    ", + "

    You can book up to 3 separate blocks of Shared Parental Leave (SPL) instead of taking it all in one go, even if you are not sharing the leave with your partner.

    ", + "

    If your partner is also eligible for SPL, you can take up to 3 blocks of leave each. You can take leave at different times or both at the same time.

    ", + "

    You must tell your employer about your plans for leave when you apply for SPL. You can change these plans later but you must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice before you want to begin a block of leave.

    ", + "

    You can check when you and your partner can take your leave using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.

    ", + "

    Splitting blocks of leave

    ", + "

    If your employer agrees, you can split blocks into shorter periods of at least a week.

    ", + "

    Shared Parental Leave in touch (SPLIT) days

    ", + "

    You and your partner can each work up to 20 days while you\u2019re taking SPL. These are called \u2018Shared Parental Leave in touch\u2019 (or SPLIT) days.

    ", + "

    These days are in addition to the 10 \u2018keeping in touch\u2019 (or KIT) days available to those on maternity or adoption leave.

    ", + "

    KIT and SPLIT days are optional - both you and your employer must agree to them.

    ", + "

    Applying for leave and pay

    ", + "

    To get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) or Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) you must:

    ", + "
  • follow the rules for starting SPL and ShPP
    • ", + "
  • give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 written notice of your leave dates
    • ", + "

    If the mother (or person taking adoption leave) plans to take SPL or ShPP, they must apply to their employer.

    ", + "

    If the partner plans to take SPL or ShPP, both the partner and the mother (or person taking adoption leave) must apply to their employers.

    ", + "

    You can use Shared Parental Leave forms and templates created by Acas to:

    ", + "
  • give your employer notice that you plan to take SPL and ShPP
    • ", + "
  • give your employer notice of when the mother or adopter is going to end their maternity or adoption leave, and when they\u2019ll stop getting maternity or adoption pay
    • ", + "
  • book your leave dates
    • ", + "

    If your employer has their own forms you can use those instead.

    ", + "

    You can change your mind later about how much SPL or ShPP you plan to take and when you want to take it. You must give notice of any changes at least 8 weeks before the start of any leave.

    ", + "

    You might not get SPL or ShPP if you do not include all the required information.

    ", + "

    Giving more information

    ", + "

    Your employer can ask you for more information within 14 days of you applying for SPL or ShPP. They can ask for:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • a declaration of the place and date of birth (if the birth has not been registered yet)
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of your partner\u2019s employer or a declaration that your partner has no employer
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re adopting, your employer can ask for the:

    ", + "
  • name and address of the adoption agency
    • ", + "
  • date you were matched with the child
    • ", + "
  • date the child will start to live with you
    • ", + "
  • name and address of your partner\u2019s employer or a declaration that your partner has no employer
    • ", + "

    You must give this information within 14 days of being asked for it.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-pay-leave": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-pay-leave", + "title": "Adoption pay and leave", + "content": "## Overview\n\nWhen you take time off to adopt a child or have a child through a surrogacy arrangement you might be eligible for:\n\n- Statutory Adoption Leave\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nThere are rules on when and how to claim your paid leave and if you want to change your dates.\n\nYou may also be eligible to take Shared Parental Leave and Pay.\n\n## Your employment rights when on leave\n\nYour employment rights are protected while on Statutory Adoption Leave. This includes your right to:\n\n- pay rises\n\n- build up (accrue) holiday\n\n- return to work\n\n## Leave\n\nStatutory Adoption Leave is 52 weeks. It\u2019s made up of:\n\n- 26 weeks of Ordinary Adoption Leave\n\n- 26 weeks of Additional Adoption Leave\n\nOnly 1 person in a couple can take adoption leave. The other partner could get paternity leave instead.\n\nIf you get adoption leave, you can also get paid time off work to attend 5 adoption appointments after you\u2019ve been matched with a child.\n\nUse the planner to work out the dates for your adoption leave.\n\n## Start date\n\nAdoption leave can start:\n\n- up to 14 days before the date the child starts living with you (UK adoptions)\n\n- when the child arrives in the UK or within 28 days of this date (overseas adoptions)\n\n- the day the child\u2019s born or the day after (if you\u2019ve used a surrogate to have a child)\n\n## Change your dates\n\nYou must tell your employer within 28 days if the date of placement (or UK arrival date for overseas adoptions) changes.\n\nYou must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice if you want to change your return to work date.\n\n## Pay\n\nStatutory Adoption Pay is paid for up to 39 weeks. The weekly amount is:\n\n- 90% of your average weekly earnings for the first 6 weeks\n\n- \u00a3151.97 or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks\n\nIt\u2019s paid in the same way as your wages (for example monthly or weekly). Tax and National Insurance will be deducted.\n\n## Extra pay\n\nYou may get more pay if your employer has a company adoption pay scheme. Your employer cannot offer you less than the statutory amount.\n\n## Start date\n\nStatutory Adoption Pay starts when you take your adoption leave.\n\n## Problems and disputes\n\nIf you disagree with the amount of Statutory Adoption Pay you get or your employer cannot pay it, for example because they\u2019re insolvent, contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThere are different eligibility rules for leave and pay.\n\n## Adoption leave\n\nTo get Statutory Adoption Leave, you must:\n\n- be an employee\n\n- give the correct notice\n\n- give proof of the adoption or surrogacy, if your employer asks you for it\n\n## Leave if you\u2019re adopting a child from overseas\n\nYou must also sign form SC6 if you\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms you\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.\n\n## Adoption pay\n\nTo get Statutory Adoption Pay, you must:\n\n- have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the week you were matched with a child\n\n- earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week (before tax)\n\n- give the correct notice\n\n- give proof of the adoption or surrogacy\n\nIf you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible.\n\n## Pay if you\u2019re adopting a child from overseas\n\nThe requirements are the same if you\u2019re adopting from overseas, except you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks when you start getting adoption pay.\n\nYou must also sign form SC6 if you\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms you\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.\n\n## Pay if you\u2019re in a surrogacy arrangement\n\nThe requirements are the same if you\u2019re in a surrogacy arrangement, except you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the 15th week before the baby\u2019s due.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- intend to apply for a parental order\n\n- expect the order to be granted (for example because you do not have any convictions involving children, and the birth mother or father agree to the arrangement)\n\nIf you\u2019re genetically related to the child (the egg or sperm donor), you can choose to get paternity leave and pay instead. You cannot get both.\n\n## You\u2019re fostering for adoption\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for adoption pay and leave, you\u2019ll receive them from when the child comes to live with you.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou do not qualify for Statutory Adoption Leave or Pay if you:\n\n- arrange a private adoption\n\n- become a special guardian or kinship carer\n\n- adopt a stepchild\n\n- adopt a family member\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nYour employer must give you form SAP1 explaining why you cannot get Statutory Adoption Pay.\n\nYou may get support from your local council instead, if you\u2019re adopting a child.\n\n## How to claim\n\nThe rules are slightly different if you\u2019re adopting from overseas or you\u2019re having a child through a surrogacy arrangement.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nWithin 7 days of being matched with a child you must tell your employer:\n\n- how much leave you want\n\n- your leave start date\n\n- the \u2018date of placement\u2019 - the date the child is placed with you\n\nYour employer can ask for this in writing and for proof of the adoption.\n\nYour employer must confirm your leave start and end dates within 28 days.\n\nUse the planner to work out when you must claim your adoption leave.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nTell your employer you want to stop work to adopt a child and when you want your Statutory Adoption Pay to start. You must give them at least 28 days\u2019 notice. They can ask for this in writing and for proof of the adoption.\n\nYour employer must confirm within 28 days how much Statutory Adoption Pay you\u2019ll get and when it will start and stop.\n\nIf they decide you\u2019re not eligible, they must give you form SAP1 within 7 days of making their decision and explain why.\n\n## Proof of adoption\n\nYou must give your employer proof of adoption to qualify for Statutory Adoption Pay. Proof is not needed for Statutory Adoption Leave unless they request it.\n\nThe proof must show:\n\n- your name and address and that of the agency\n\n- the match date - for example the matching certificate\n\n- the date of placement - for example a letter from the agency\n\n- the relevant UK authority\u2019s \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming you\u2019re allowed to adopt (overseas adoptions only)\n\n- the date the child arrived in the UK - for example a plane ticket (overseas adoptions only)\n\n## Overseas adoptions\n\nTell your employer the date of your \u2018official notification\u2019 and when you expect the child to arrive in the UK. You must usually do this within 28 days of getting the notification.\n\nYou can only take longer if you\u2019ve worked for your employer for less than 26 weeks. Tell them within 28 days of the Sunday in your 26th week.\n\nYou must also tell them:\n\n- the actual date the child arrives in the UK - within 28 days of this date\n\n- how much leave you want and your start date - giving your employer 28 days\u2019 notice\n\n## Surrogacy arrangements\n\nIf you use a surrogate to have a baby, tell your employer the due date and when you want to start your leave at least 15 weeks before the expected week of birth. They may ask for this in writing.\n\nYour employer may also ask for a written statement (\u2018statutory declaration\u2019) to confirm you\u2019ve applied or will apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the child\u2019s birth. You must sign this in the presence of a legal professional.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When you take time off to adopt a child or have a child through a surrogacy arrangement you might be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Leave
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Pay
    • ", + "

    There are rules on when and how to claim your paid leave and if you want to change your dates.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible to take Shared Parental Leave and Pay.

    ", + "

    Your employment rights when on leave

    ", + "

    Your employment rights are protected while on Statutory Adoption Leave. This includes your right to:

    ", + "
  • pay rises
    • ", + "
  • build up (accrue) holiday
    • ", + "
  • return to work
    • ", + "

    Leave

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Leave is 52 weeks. It\u2019s made up of:

    ", + "
  • 26 weeks of Ordinary Adoption Leave
    • ", + "
  • 26 weeks of Additional Adoption Leave
    • ", + "

    Only 1 person in a couple can take adoption leave. The other partner could get paternity leave instead.

    ", + "

    If you get adoption leave, you can also get paid time off work to attend 5 adoption appointments after you\u2019ve been matched with a child.

    ", + "

    Use the planner to work out the dates for your adoption leave.

    ", + "

    Start date

    ", + "

    Adoption leave can start:

    ", + "
  • up to 14 days before the date the child starts living with you (UK adoptions)
    • ", + "
  • when the child arrives in the UK or within 28 days of this date (overseas adoptions)
    • ", + "
  • the day the child\u2019s born or the day after (if you\u2019ve used a surrogate to have a child)
    • ", + "

    Change your dates

    ", + "

    You must tell your employer within 28 days if the date of placement (or UK arrival date for overseas adoptions) changes.

    ", + "

    You must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice if you want to change your return to work date.

    ", + "

    Pay

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay is paid for up to 39 weeks. The weekly amount is:

    ", + "
  • 90% of your average weekly earnings for the first 6 weeks
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3151.97 or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s paid in the same way as your wages (for example monthly or weekly). Tax and National Insurance will be deducted.

    ", + "

    Extra pay

    ", + "

    You may get more pay if your employer has a company adoption pay scheme. Your employer cannot offer you less than the statutory amount.

    ", + "

    Start date

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay starts when you take your adoption leave.

    ", + "

    Problems and disputes

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the amount of Statutory Adoption Pay you get or your employer cannot pay it, for example because they\u2019re insolvent, contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    There are different eligibility rules for leave and pay.

    ", + "

    Adoption leave

    ", + "

    To get Statutory Adoption Leave, you must:

    ", + "
  • be an employee
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give proof of the adoption or surrogacy, if your employer asks you for it
    • ", + "

    Leave if you\u2019re adopting a child from overseas

    ", + "

    You must also sign form SC6 if you\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms you\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.

    ", + "

    Adoption pay

    ", + "

    To get Statutory Adoption Pay, you must:

    ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the week you were matched with a child
    • ", + "
  • earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week (before tax)
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give proof of the adoption or surrogacy
    • ", + "

    If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    Pay if you\u2019re adopting a child from overseas

    ", + "

    The requirements are the same if you\u2019re adopting from overseas, except you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks when you start getting adoption pay.

    ", + "

    You must also sign form SC6 if you\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms you\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.

    ", + "

    Pay if you\u2019re in a surrogacy arrangement

    ", + "

    The requirements are the same if you\u2019re in a surrogacy arrangement, except you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the 15th week before the baby\u2019s due.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • intend to apply for a parental order
    • ", + "
  • expect the order to be granted (for example because you do not have any convictions involving children, and the birth mother or father agree to the arrangement)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re genetically related to the child (the egg or sperm donor), you can choose to get paternity leave and pay instead. You cannot get both.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re fostering for adoption

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for adoption pay and leave, you\u2019ll receive them from when the child comes to live with you.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You do not qualify for Statutory Adoption Leave or Pay if you:

    ", + "
  • arrange a private adoption
    • ", + "
  • become a special guardian or kinship carer
    • ", + "
  • adopt a stepchild
    • ", + "
  • adopt a family member
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible

    ", + "

    Your employer must give you form SAP1 explaining why you cannot get Statutory Adoption Pay.

    ", + "

    You may get support from your local council instead, if you\u2019re adopting a child.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    The rules are slightly different if you\u2019re adopting from overseas or you\u2019re having a child through a surrogacy arrangement.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Leave

    ", + "

    Within 7 days of being matched with a child you must tell your employer:

    ", + "
  • how much leave you want
    • ", + "
  • your leave start date
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018date of placement\u2019 - the date the child is placed with you
    • ", + "

    Your employer can ask for this in writing and for proof of the adoption.

    ", + "

    Your employer must confirm your leave start and end dates within 28 days.

    ", + "

    Use the planner to work out when you must claim your adoption leave.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay

    ", + "

    Tell your employer you want to stop work to adopt a child and when you want your Statutory Adoption Pay to start. You must give them at least 28 days\u2019 notice. They can ask for this in writing and for proof of the adoption.

    ", + "

    Your employer must confirm within 28 days how much Statutory Adoption Pay you\u2019ll get and when it will start and stop.

    ", + "

    If they decide you\u2019re not eligible, they must give you form SAP1 within 7 days of making their decision and explain why.

    ", + "

    Proof of adoption

    ", + "

    You must give your employer proof of adoption to qualify for Statutory Adoption Pay. Proof is not needed for Statutory Adoption Leave unless they request it.

    ", + "

    The proof must show:

    ", + "
  • your name and address and that of the agency
    • ", + "
  • the match date - for example the matching certificate
    • ", + "
  • the date of placement - for example a letter from the agency
    • ", + "
  • the relevant UK authority\u2019s \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming you\u2019re allowed to adopt (overseas adoptions only)
    • ", + "
  • the date the child arrived in the UK - for example a plane ticket (overseas adoptions only)
    • ", + "

    Overseas adoptions

    ", + "

    Tell your employer the date of your \u2018official notification\u2019 and when you expect the child to arrive in the UK. You must usually do this within 28 days of getting the notification.

    ", + "

    You can only take longer if you\u2019ve worked for your employer for less than 26 weeks. Tell them within 28 days of the Sunday in your 26th week.

    ", + "

    You must also tell them:

    ", + "
  • the actual date the child arrives in the UK - within 28 days of this date
    • ", + "
  • how much leave you want and your start date - giving your employer 28 days\u2019 notice
    • ", + "

    Surrogacy arrangements

    ", + "

    If you use a surrogate to have a baby, tell your employer the due date and when you want to start your leave at least 15 weeks before the expected week of birth. They may ask for this in writing.

    ", + "

    Your employer may also ask for a written statement (\u2018statutory declaration\u2019) to confirm you\u2019ve applied or will apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the child\u2019s birth. You must sign this in the presence of a legal professional.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/parental-leave": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parental-leave", + "title": "Unpaid parental leave", + "content": "## Overview\n\nEligible employees can take unpaid parental leave to look after their child\u2019s welfare, for example to:\n\n- spend more time with their children\n\n- look at new schools\n\n- settle children into new childcare arrangements\n\n- spend more time with family, such as visiting grandparents\n\nTheir employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during parental leave.\n\n## Entitlement\n\nParental leave is unpaid. You\u2019re entitled to 18 weeks\u2019 leave for each child and adopted child, up to their 18th birthday.\n\nThe limit on how much parental leave each parent can take in a year is 4 weeks for each child (unless the employer agrees otherwise).\n\nYou must take parental leave as whole weeks (eg 1 week or 2 weeks) rather than individual days, unless your employer agrees otherwise or if your child is disabled. You don\u2019t have to take all the leave at once.\n\nA \u2018week\u2019 equals the length of time an employee normally works over 7 days.\n\n## Carrying leave over from a previous job\n\nParental leave applies to each child not to an individual\u2019s job.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nEmployees qualify if all of these apply:\n\n- they\u2019ve been in the company for more than a year\n\n- they\u2019re named on the child\u2019s birth or adoption certificate or they have or expect to have parental responsibility\n\n- they\u2019re not self-employed or a \u2018worker\u2019, eg an agency worker or contractor\n\n- they\u2019re not a foster parent (unless they\u2019ve secured parental responsibility through the courts)\n\n- the child is under 18\n\nEmployers can ask for proof (like a birth certificate) as long as it\u2019s reasonable to do so, eg they can\u2019t ask for proof each time an employee requests leave.\n\nEmployers can extend parental leave to those groups who aren\u2019t eligible. Employees can check this in their staff handbook.\n\n## Notice period\n\nEmployees must give 21 days\u2019 notice before their intended start date. If they or their partner are having a baby or adopting, it\u2019s 21 days before the week the baby or child is expected.\n\nEmployees must confirm the start and end dates in their notice. Unless an employer requests it, this doesn\u2019t have to be in writing.\n\n## Delaying leave\n\nLeave can\u2019t be postponed (delayed) if:\n\n- the employer doesn\u2019t have a \u2018significant reason\u2019, eg it would cause serious disruption to the business\n\n- it\u2019s being taken by the father or partner immediately after the birth or adoption of a child\n\n- it means an employee would no longer qualify for parental leave, eg postponing it until after the child\u2019s 18th birthday\n\nIf it\u2019s postponed, the employer:\n\n- must write explaining why within 7 days of the original request\n\n- suggest a new start date - this must be within 6 months of the requested start date\n\n- can\u2019t change the amount of leave being requested", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Eligible employees can take unpaid parental leave to look after their child\u2019s welfare, for example to:

    ", + "
  • spend more time with their children
    • ", + "
  • look at new schools
    • ", + "
  • settle children into new childcare arrangements
    • ", + "
  • spend more time with family, such as visiting grandparents
    • ", + "

    Their employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during parental leave.

    ", + "

    Entitlement

    ", + "

    Parental leave is unpaid. You\u2019re entitled to 18 weeks\u2019 leave for each child and adopted child, up to their 18th birthday.

    ", + "

    The limit on how much parental leave each parent can take in a year is 4 weeks for each child (unless the employer agrees otherwise).

    ", + "

    You must take parental leave as whole weeks (eg 1 week or 2 weeks) rather than individual days, unless your employer agrees otherwise or if your child is disabled. You don\u2019t have to take all the leave at once.

    ", + "

    A \u2018week\u2019 equals the length of time an employee normally works over 7 days.

    ", + "

    Carrying leave over from a previous job

    ", + "

    Parental leave applies to each child not to an individual\u2019s job.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Employees qualify if all of these apply:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve been in the company for more than a year
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re named on the child\u2019s birth or adoption certificate or they have or expect to have parental responsibility
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re not self-employed or a \u2018worker\u2019, eg an agency worker or contractor
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re not a foster parent (unless they\u2019ve secured parental responsibility through the courts)
    • ", + "
  • the child is under 18
    • ", + "

    Employers can ask for proof (like a birth certificate) as long as it\u2019s reasonable to do so, eg they can\u2019t ask for proof each time an employee requests leave.

    ", + "

    Employers can extend parental leave to those groups who aren\u2019t eligible. Employees can check this in their staff handbook.

    ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    Employees must give 21 days\u2019 notice before their intended start date. If they or their partner are having a baby or adopting, it\u2019s 21 days before the week the baby or child is expected.

    ", + "

    Employees must confirm the start and end dates in their notice. Unless an employer requests it, this doesn\u2019t have to be in writing.

    ", + "

    Delaying leave

    ", + "

    Leave can\u2019t be postponed (delayed) if:

    ", + "
  • the employer doesn\u2019t have a \u2018significant reason\u2019, eg it would cause serious disruption to the business
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s being taken by the father or partner immediately after the birth or adoption of a child
    • ", + "
  • it means an employee would no longer qualify for parental leave, eg postponing it until after the child\u2019s 18th birthday
    • ", + "

    If it\u2019s postponed, the employer:

    ", + "
  • must write explaining why within 7 days of the original request
    • ", + "
  • suggest a new start date - this must be within 6 months of the requested start date
    • ", + "
  • can\u2019t change the amount of leave being requested
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit", + "title": "Claim Child Benefit", + "content": "## How it works\n\nYou get Child Benefit if you\u2019re responsible for bringing up a child who is:\n\n- under 16\n\n- under 20 if they stay in approved education or training\n\nOnly one person can get Child Benefit for a child.\n\nIt\u2019s paid every 4 weeks and there\u2019s no limit to how many children you can claim for.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nBy claiming Child Benefit:\n\n- you can get National Insurance credits which count towards your State Pension\n\n- your child will automatically get a National Insurance number when they\u2019re 16 years old\n\nIf you choose not to get Child Benefit payments, you should still fill in and send off the claim form.\n\n## If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000\n\nYou may have to pay back some of your Child Benefit in tax if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must report any change of circumstances to the Child Benefit Office.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere are 2 Child Benefit rates.\n\n| Who the allowance is for | Rate (weekly) |\n\n| Eldest or only child | \u00a321.15 |\n\n| Additional children | \u00a314 per child |\n\nYou must contact the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re paid too much or too little.\n\nThe benefit cap may affect the total amount of benefits you get, including Child Benefit.\n\n## How and when Child Benefit is paid\n\nChild Benefit is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Monday or Tuesday.\n\nYou can have the money paid weekly if you\u2019re a single parent or getting certain other benefits, such as Income Support.\n\nYou can get the money paid into any account, apart from a Nationwide cashbuilder account (sort code 070030) in someone else\u2019s name.\n\nYou can only get the money paid into one account.\n\n## Child Benefit and your State Pension\n\nIf your child is under 12 and you\u2019re not working or do not earn enough to pay National Insurance contributions, Child Benefit can give you National Insurance credits.\n\nThese credits count towards your State Pension, so you do not have gaps in your National Insurance record.\n\n## If families split up\n\nIf a family splits up, you get \u00a321.15 a week for the eldest child.\n\nIf you have 2 children and one stays with you and the other stays with your ex-partner, you\u2019ll both get \u00a321.15 a week for each child.\n\nIf you both claim for the same child, only one of you will get Child Benefit for them.\n\nIf you have other children who are entitled to Child Benefit, you\u2019ll get \u00a314 for each child.\n\n## If families join together\n\nIf 2 families join together, the eldest child in the new family qualifies for the \u00a321.15 rate and any other children who are eligible will get the \u00a314 rate.\n\n## If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000\n\nYou can get Child Benefit if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000, but you may be taxed on the benefit. This is known as the High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge.\n\nIf your partner\u2019s income is also over \u00a350,000 but yours is higher, you\u2019re responsible for paying the tax charge. You need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return each tax year and pay what you owe.\n\nUse the Child Benefit tax calculator to estimate how much tax you may have to pay.\n\nOnce you earn \u00a360,000 you lose all of your benefit through tax.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nOnly one person can get Child Benefit for a child.\n\nYou normally qualify for Child Benefit if you\u2019re responsible for a child under 16 (or under 20 if they stay in approved education or training) and you live in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be responsible for a child if you live with them or you\u2019re paying at least the same amount as Child Benefit (or the equivalent in kind) towards looking after them, for example on food, clothes or pocket money.\n\nEligibility rules are different if your child:\n\n- goes into hospital or care\n\n- lives with someone else\n\nChild Benefit continues for 20 weeks if 16 or 17 year olds leave education or training and register with the armed services or a government-sponsored careers service.\n\n## Fostering a child\n\nYou\u2019ll get Child Benefit if you foster a child, as long as the local council is not paying anything towards their accommodation or maintenance.\n\n## Adopting a child\n\nYou can apply for Child Benefit as soon as any child you\u2019re adopting comes to live with you - you do not have to wait until the adoption process is complete.\n\nYou might be able to get Child Benefit for a period before the adoption - contact the Child Benefit Office to find out.\n\n## Looking after someone else\u2019s child\n\nYou may be able to get Child Benefit if you\u2019ve got an informal arrangement to look after a friend or relative\u2019s child.\n\nYou might not qualify if your local council is paying towards the child\u2019s accommodation or maintenance - contact the Child Benefit Office to find out.\n\nTwo people cannot get Child Benefit for the same child - if you want to make a claim, you must agree it with the person who\u2019s currently claiming. HMRC will decide who receives the Child Benefit if you cannot agree.\n\nYou may also be entitled to Guardian\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re responsible for a child who has lost one or both of their parents.\n\n## Living abroad\n\nYou may be able to get Child Benefit if you go to live in certain countries or if you\u2019re a Crown servant.\n\n## If you\u2019ve moved to the UK\n\nYou may be able to get Child Benefit if you have moved to the UK and you have a \u2018right to reside\u2019.\n\n## If your child starts work or gets benefits in their own right\n\nYou\u2019ll stop receiving Child Benefit immediately if your child:\n\n- starts paid work for 24 hours or more a week and is no longer in approved education or training\n\n- starts an apprenticeship in England\n\n- starts getting certain benefits in their own right, such as Income Support, Employment and Support Allowance or tax credits\n\n## If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000\n\nYou\u2019ll still be eligible for Child Benefit even if you choose to stop receiving it. You can always change your mind and restart your payments.\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re not sure about your eligibility.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim Child Benefit as soon as you\u2019ve registered the birth of your child, or they come to live with you.\n\nIf you\u2019re not able to register the birth of your child because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you can still make a claim to receive Child Benefit.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt can take 6 to 12 weeks to process a new Child Benefit claim (or longer if you\u2019re new to the UK). Child Benefit can be backdated for up to 3 months.\n\n## Deciding who should claim\n\nOnly one person can get Child Benefit for a child, so you need to decide whether it\u2019s better for you or the other parent to claim. The person who claims will get National Insurance credits towards their state pension if they are not working or earn less than \u00a3184 per week.\n\n## Make a claim for the first time\n\nFill in Child Benefit claim form CH2 and send it to the Child Benefit Office. The address is on the form.\n\nIf your child is adopted, send their original adoption certificate with the form. You can order a new adoption certificate if you\u2019ve lost the original.\n\nIf you do not have the certificate you need, send your claim form now and send the certificate once you\u2019ve got it.\n\n## If your child\u2019s birth was registered outside the UK\n\nWhen you send your claim form, include your child\u2019s:\n\n- original birth certificate\n\n- passport or travel document used to enter the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost the original you can order a new birth certificate.\n\n## Add a child to an existing claim\n\nCall the child benefit helpline if:\n\n- your child is under 6 months old and lives with you\n\n- your child was born in the UK and their birth was registered in England, Scotland or Wales more than 24 hours ago\n\n- you\u2019re a UK, EEA or Swiss national and you\u2019ve lived in the UK since the start of your claim\n\nWhen you call, you\u2019ll need your:\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- child\u2019s birth certificate\n\n## If you do not meet the criteria to add a child by phone\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a new claim by post. Fill in Child Benefit form CH2 and send it to the Child Benefit Office. The address is on the form.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming for more than 2 children, also include the \u2018additional children\u2019 form.\n\n## Claiming Child Benefit for someone else\n\nYou may be able to manage someone else\u2019s Child Benefit claim.\n\n## Make a change to your claim\n\nYou must report any change of circumstances to the Child Benefit Office. These include changes to your:\n\n- family life, for example getting married\n\n- child\u2019s life, for example leaving education or training\n\n## Change who gets Child Benefit\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office if you want someone else to claim Child Benefit, for example, your spouse or partner.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve done this, tell the other person to make a new claim.\n\n## Stop or restart payments\n\nYou can choose to stop or restart your payments at any time, for example because you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000 a year. It does not affect your eligibility.\n\n## Get help with your claim\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office if you have any questions.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nYou can complain to the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re unhappy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You get Child Benefit if you\u2019re responsible for bringing up a child who is:

    ", + "
  • under 16
    • ", + "
  • under 20 if they stay in approved education or training
    • ", + "

    Only one person can get Child Benefit for a child.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s paid every 4 weeks and there\u2019s no limit to how many children you can claim for.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    By claiming Child Benefit:

    ", + "
  • you can get National Insurance credits which count towards your State Pension
    • ", + "
  • your child will automatically get a National Insurance number when they\u2019re 16 years old
    • ", + "

    If you choose not to get Child Benefit payments, you should still fill in and send off the claim form.

    ", + "

    If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000

    ", + "

    You may have to pay back some of your Child Benefit in tax if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change

    ", + "

    You must report any change of circumstances to the Child Benefit Office.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    There are 2 Child Benefit rates.

    ", + "Who the allowance is for | Rate (weekly)", + "Eldest or only child | \u00a321.15", + "Additional children | \u00a314 per child", + "

    You must contact the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re paid too much or too little.

    ", + "

    The benefit cap may affect the total amount of benefits you get, including Child Benefit.

    ", + "

    How and when Child Benefit is paid

    ", + "

    Child Benefit is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Monday or Tuesday.

    ", + "

    You can have the money paid weekly if you\u2019re a single parent or getting certain other benefits, such as Income Support.

    ", + "

    You can get the money paid into any account, apart from a Nationwide cashbuilder account (sort code 070030) in someone else\u2019s name.

    ", + "

    You can only get the money paid into one account.

    ", + "

    Child Benefit and your State Pension

    ", + "

    If your child is under 12 and you\u2019re not working or do not earn enough to pay National Insurance contributions, Child Benefit can give you National Insurance credits.

    ", + "

    These credits count towards your State Pension, so you do not have gaps in your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    If families split up

    ", + "

    If a family splits up, you get \u00a321.15 a week for the eldest child.

    ", + "

    If you have 2 children and one stays with you and the other stays with your ex-partner, you\u2019ll both get \u00a321.15 a week for each child.

    ", + "

    If you both claim for the same child, only one of you will get Child Benefit for them.

    ", + "

    If you have other children who are entitled to Child Benefit, you\u2019ll get \u00a314 for each child.

    ", + "

    If families join together

    ", + "

    If 2 families join together, the eldest child in the new family qualifies for the \u00a321.15 rate and any other children who are eligible will get the \u00a314 rate.

    ", + "

    If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000

    ", + "

    You can get Child Benefit if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000, but you may be taxed on the benefit. This is known as the High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge.

    ", + "

    If your partner\u2019s income is also over \u00a350,000 but yours is higher, you\u2019re responsible for paying the tax charge. You need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return each tax year and pay what you owe.

    ", + "

    Use the Child Benefit tax calculator to estimate how much tax you may have to pay.

    ", + "

    Once you earn \u00a360,000 you lose all of your benefit through tax.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Only one person can get Child Benefit for a child.

    ", + "

    You normally qualify for Child Benefit if you\u2019re responsible for a child under 16 (or under 20 if they stay in approved education or training) and you live in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be responsible for a child if you live with them or you\u2019re paying at least the same amount as Child Benefit (or the equivalent in kind) towards looking after them, for example on food, clothes or pocket money.

    ", + "

    Eligibility rules are different if your child:

    ", + "
  • goes into hospital or care
    • ", + "
  • lives with someone else
    • ", + "

    Child Benefit continues for 20 weeks if 16 or 17 year olds leave education or training and register with the armed services or a government-sponsored careers service.

    ", + "

    Fostering a child

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get Child Benefit if you foster a child, as long as the local council is not paying anything towards their accommodation or maintenance.

    ", + "

    Adopting a child

    ", + "

    You can apply for Child Benefit as soon as any child you\u2019re adopting comes to live with you - you do not have to wait until the adoption process is complete.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get Child Benefit for a period before the adoption - contact the Child Benefit Office to find out.

    ", + "

    Looking after someone else\u2019s child

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Child Benefit if you\u2019ve got an informal arrangement to look after a friend or relative\u2019s child.

    ", + "

    You might not qualify if your local council is paying towards the child\u2019s accommodation or maintenance - contact the Child Benefit Office to find out.

    ", + "

    Two people cannot get Child Benefit for the same child - if you want to make a claim, you must agree it with the person who\u2019s currently claiming. HMRC will decide who receives the Child Benefit if you cannot agree.

    ", + "

    You may also be entitled to Guardian\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re responsible for a child who has lost one or both of their parents.

    ", + "

    Living abroad

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Child Benefit if you go to live in certain countries or if you\u2019re a Crown servant.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve moved to the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Child Benefit if you have moved to the UK and you have a \u2018right to reside\u2019.

    ", + "

    If your child starts work or gets benefits in their own right

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll stop receiving Child Benefit immediately if your child:

    ", + "
  • starts paid work for 24 hours or more a week and is no longer in approved education or training
    • ", + "
  • starts an apprenticeship in England
    • ", + "
  • starts getting certain benefits in their own right, such as Income Support, Employment and Support Allowance or tax credits
    • ", + "

    If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be eligible for Child Benefit even if you choose to stop receiving it. You can always change your mind and restart your payments.

    ", + "

    Contact the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re not sure about your eligibility.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim Child Benefit as soon as you\u2019ve registered the birth of your child, or they come to live with you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not able to register the birth of your child because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you can still make a claim to receive Child Benefit.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    It can take 6 to 12 weeks to process a new Child Benefit claim (or longer if you\u2019re new to the UK). Child Benefit can be backdated for up to 3 months.

    ", + "

    Deciding who should claim

    ", + "

    Only one person can get Child Benefit for a child, so you need to decide whether it\u2019s better for you or the other parent to claim. The person who claims will get National Insurance credits towards their state pension if they are not working or earn less than \u00a3184 per week.

    ", + "

    Make a claim for the first time

    ", + "

    Fill in Child Benefit claim form CH2 and send it to the Child Benefit Office. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    If your child is adopted, send their original adoption certificate with the form. You can order a new adoption certificate if you\u2019ve lost the original.

    ", + "

    If you do not have the certificate you need, send your claim form now and send the certificate once you\u2019ve got it.

    ", + "

    If your child\u2019s birth was registered outside the UK

    ", + "

    When you send your claim form, include your child\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • original birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • passport or travel document used to enter the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lost the original you can order a new birth certificate.

    ", + "

    Add a child to an existing claim

    ", + "

    Call the child benefit helpline if:

    ", + "
  • your child is under 6 months old and lives with you
    • ", + "
  • your child was born in the UK and their birth was registered in England, Scotland or Wales more than 24 hours ago
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK, EEA or Swiss national and you\u2019ve lived in the UK since the start of your claim
    • ", + "

    When you call, you\u2019ll need your:

    ", + "
  • National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • child\u2019s birth certificate
    • ", + "

    If you do not meet the criteria to add a child by phone

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make a new claim by post. Fill in Child Benefit form CH2 and send it to the Child Benefit Office. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming for more than 2 children, also include the \u2018additional children\u2019 form.

    ", + "

    Claiming Child Benefit for someone else

    ", + "

    You may be able to manage someone else\u2019s Child Benefit claim.

    ", + "

    Make a change to your claim

    ", + "

    You must report any change of circumstances to the Child Benefit Office. These include changes to your:

    ", + "
  • family life, for example getting married
    • ", + "
  • child\u2019s life, for example leaving education or training
    • ", + "

    Change who gets Child Benefit

    ", + "

    Contact the Child Benefit Office if you want someone else to claim Child Benefit, for example, your spouse or partner.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve done this, tell the other person to make a new claim.

    ", + "

    Stop or restart payments

    ", + "

    You can choose to stop or restart your payments at any time, for example because you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000 a year. It does not affect your eligibility.

    ", + "

    Get help with your claim

    ", + "

    Contact the Child Benefit Office if you have any questions.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re unhappy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit-tax-charge": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit-tax-charge", + "title": "High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge, known as the \u2018High Income Child Benefit Charge\u2019, if you have an individual income over \u00a350,000 and either:\n\n- you or your partner get Child Benefit\n\n- someone else gets Child Benefit for a child living with you and they contribute at least an equal amount towards the child\u2019s upkeep\n\nIt does not matter if the child living with you is not your own child.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## What counts as income\n\nTo work out if your income is over the threshold, you\u2019ll need to work out your \u2018adjusted net income\u2019.\n\nYour adjusted net income is your total taxable income before any personal allowances and less things like Gift Aid.\n\nUse the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your adjusted net income.\n\n## Who pays the tax charge\n\nIf your individual income is over \u00a350,000 and so is your partner\u2019s, then whoever has the higher income is responsible for paying the tax charge.\n\n\u2018Partner\u2019 means someone you\u2019re not permanently separated from who you\u2019re married to, in a civil partnership with or living with as if you were.\n\n## If your income is over the threshold\n\nYou can choose to either:\n\n- get Child Benefit payments, and pay any tax charge at the end of each tax year\n\n- not get Child Benefit payments, and not pay the tax charge\n\n## If you choose to not get Child Benefit\n\nYou can still fill in the Child Benefit claim form. You need to state on the form that you do not want to get payments.\n\nYou need to fill in the claim form if you want to:\n\n- get National Insurance credits, which count towards your State Pension\n\n- ensure your child gets their National Insurance number automatically before they\u2019re 16 - otherwise they need to apply for one themselves\n\n## Already getting Child Benefit\n\nYou can choose to either:\n\n- stop getting Child Benefit - sometimes known as \u2018opting out\u2019\n\n- carry on getting Child Benefit and pay any tax charge at the end of each tax year\n\n## Pay the tax charge\n\nTo pay the tax charge, you must:\n\n- register for Self Assessment\n\n- fill in a Self Assessment tax return each tax year and pay what you owe\n\n## Register for Self Assessment\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you need to pay the tax charge.\n\nYou can get a penalty if you do not register for Self Assessment or do not declare child benefit on your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.\n\nRegister now\n\n## If you cannot get information from your partner or ex-partner\n\nYou can write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to ask whether your partner or ex-partner gets Child Benefit or has a higher adjusted net income than you. HMRC will reply \u2018yes\u2019 or \u2018no\u2019 - they will not give you any financial information.\n\nYou can only ask for this information if you and your partner either live together, or separated within the tax year you want information for.\n\n## Write to HMRC\n\nYou need to tell HMRC the tax year you\u2019re asking about, as well as your:\n\n- name, address, date of birth and National Insurance number\n\n- Unique Taxpayer Reference, if you have one\n\n- adjusted net income\n\n- partner or ex-partner\u2019s name\n\nIf you can, include your partner or ex-partner\u2019s:\n\n- address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- National Insurance number, if you know it\n\n- Unique Taxpayer Reference, if they have one\n\nSend your letter to:\n\n## Stop your Child Benefit\n\nTo stop your Child Benefit you can either:\n\n- fill in an online form\n\n- contact the Child Benefit Office by phone or post\n\nYou need a Government Gateway user ID and password to fill in the online form. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the form.\n\nYou cannot use the online form if you\u2019re an appointee or authorised agent.\n\nYou cannot stop your Child Benefit if you\u2019re using it to pay back an overpayment (or to pay back certain other benefits from another country).\n\n## Responsibilities after your Child Benefit stops\n\nYou must pay any tax charge owed for each tax year up to the date your Child Benefit stops.\n\nUse the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of how much you may owe each tax year.\n\nEven after your payments stop, you must report any changes in your family life that affect your entitlement to Child Benefit.\n\n## Restart your Child Benefit\n\nYou can restart your Child Benefit if:\n\n- you\u2019ve previously stopped it because of the tax charge\n\n- you still qualify for Child Benefit\n\nTo restart your Child Benefit, either:\n\n- fill in an online form\n\n- contact the Child Benefit Office\n\nYou need a Government Gateway user ID and password to fill in the online form. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the form.\n\nYou cannot use the online form if you\u2019re an appointee or authorised agent.\n\nPayments usually start again the Monday after your request is received. The Child Benefit Office will write telling you how much backdated Child Benefit you\u2019ll get (if any).\n\n## Responsibilities after your Child Benefit restarts\n\nYou (or your partner) will have to pay any tax charge on the benefit received from the restart date if your income is over \u00a350,000.\n\nUse the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your income and tax deductions to see if you may be affected by the tax charge.\n\nYou must report any changes to your family life that affect your Child Benefit.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\n## Your income changes\n\nYou will not have to pay the tax charge if your income for the whole of a tax year is less than \u00a350,000.\n\nYou can choose to stop or restart your Child Benefit at any time. Use the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your income changes to see if they may affect the tax charge.\n\n## You have a new child\n\nClaiming Child Benefit helps you qualify for:\n\n- National Insurance credits, which protect your right to the State Pension\n\n- other benefits like Guardian\u2019s Allowance\n\nChild Benefit proves you (or your partner) support another child. You may pay less child maintenance for children not living with you.\n\nYou can make a new claim or just protect your entitlement to the above by:\n\n- sending a Child Benefit claim form\n\n- ticking the option to \u2018not have the benefit paid\u2019\n\n## A partner moves in or out\n\nYour situation may change if your income is more than \u00a350,000 and you move in or split up with someone who\u2019s getting Child Benefit.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay the tax charge if your income is more than \u00a350,000 and higher than your new partner\u2019s income. Your partner pays it if their income is higher.\n\nThe tax charge applies from the date you move in together to either the date you permanently separate or the Child Benefit stops - for example because the child is too old to qualify for it.\n\nShort periods apart do not count as separation, for example a hospital stay or working away from home.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a tax charge, known as the \u2018High Income Child Benefit Charge\u2019, if you have an individual income over \u00a350,000 and either:

    ", + "
  • you or your partner get Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • someone else gets Child Benefit for a child living with you and they contribute at least an equal amount towards the child\u2019s upkeep
    • ", + "

    It does not matter if the child living with you is not your own child.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    What counts as income

    ", + "

    To work out if your income is over the threshold, you\u2019ll need to work out your \u2018adjusted net income\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your adjusted net income is your total taxable income before any personal allowances and less things like Gift Aid.

    ", + "

    Use the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your adjusted net income.

    ", + "

    Who pays the tax charge

    ", + "

    If your individual income is over \u00a350,000 and so is your partner\u2019s, then whoever has the higher income is responsible for paying the tax charge.

    ", + "

    \u2018Partner\u2019 means someone you\u2019re not permanently separated from who you\u2019re married to, in a civil partnership with or living with as if you were.

    ", + "

    If your income is over the threshold

    ", + "

    You can choose to either:

    ", + "
  • get Child Benefit payments, and pay any tax charge at the end of each tax year
    • ", + "
  • not get Child Benefit payments, and not pay the tax charge
    • ", + "

    If you choose to not get Child Benefit

    ", + "

    You can still fill in the Child Benefit claim form. You need to state on the form that you do not want to get payments.

    ", + "

    You need to fill in the claim form if you want to:

    ", + "
  • get National Insurance credits, which count towards your State Pension
    • ", + "
  • ensure your child gets their National Insurance number automatically before they\u2019re 16 - otherwise they need to apply for one themselves
    • ", + "

    Already getting Child Benefit

    ", + "

    You can choose to either:

    ", + "
  • stop getting Child Benefit - sometimes known as \u2018opting out\u2019
    • ", + "
  • carry on getting Child Benefit and pay any tax charge at the end of each tax year
    • ", + "

    Pay the tax charge

    ", + "

    To pay the tax charge, you must:

    ", + "
  • register for Self Assessment
    • ", + "
  • fill in a Self Assessment tax return each tax year and pay what you owe
    • ", + "

    Register for Self Assessment

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you need to pay the tax charge.

    ", + "

    You can get a penalty if you do not register for Self Assessment or do not declare child benefit on your Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.

    ", + "

    Register now

    ", + "

    If you cannot get information from your partner or ex-partner

    ", + "

    You can write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to ask whether your partner or ex-partner gets Child Benefit or has a higher adjusted net income than you. HMRC will reply \u2018yes\u2019 or \u2018no\u2019 - they will not give you any financial information.

    ", + "

    You can only ask for this information if you and your partner either live together, or separated within the tax year you want information for.

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC

    ", + "

    You need to tell HMRC the tax year you\u2019re asking about, as well as your:

    ", + "
  • name, address, date of birth and National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • Unique Taxpayer Reference, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • adjusted net income
    • ", + "
  • partner or ex-partner\u2019s name
    • ", + "

    If you can, include your partner or ex-partner\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance number, if you know it
    • ", + "
  • Unique Taxpayer Reference, if they have one
    • ", + "

    Send your letter to:

    ", + "

    Stop your Child Benefit

    ", + "

    To stop your Child Benefit you can either:

    ", + "
  • fill in an online form
    • ", + "
  • contact the Child Benefit Office by phone or post
    • ", + "

    You need a Government Gateway user ID and password to fill in the online form. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the form.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the online form if you\u2019re an appointee or authorised agent.

    ", + "

    You cannot stop your Child Benefit if you\u2019re using it to pay back an overpayment (or to pay back certain other benefits from another country).

    ", + "

    Responsibilities after your Child Benefit stops

    ", + "

    You must pay any tax charge owed for each tax year up to the date your Child Benefit stops.

    ", + "

    Use the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of how much you may owe each tax year.

    ", + "

    Even after your payments stop, you must report any changes in your family life that affect your entitlement to Child Benefit.

    ", + "

    Restart your Child Benefit

    ", + "

    You can restart your Child Benefit if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve previously stopped it because of the tax charge
    • ", + "
  • you still qualify for Child Benefit
    • ", + "

    To restart your Child Benefit, either:

    ", + "
  • fill in an online form
    • ", + "
  • contact the Child Benefit Office
    • ", + "

    You need a Government Gateway user ID and password to fill in the online form. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the form.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the online form if you\u2019re an appointee or authorised agent.

    ", + "

    Payments usually start again the Monday after your request is received. The Child Benefit Office will write telling you how much backdated Child Benefit you\u2019ll get (if any).

    ", + "

    Responsibilities after your Child Benefit restarts

    ", + "

    You (or your partner) will have to pay any tax charge on the benefit received from the restart date if your income is over \u00a350,000.

    ", + "

    Use the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your income and tax deductions to see if you may be affected by the tax charge.

    ", + "

    You must report any changes to your family life that affect your Child Benefit.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change

    ", + "

    Your income changes

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay the tax charge if your income for the whole of a tax year is less than \u00a350,000.

    ", + "

    You can choose to stop or restart your Child Benefit at any time. Use the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your income changes to see if they may affect the tax charge.

    ", + "

    You have a new child

    ", + "

    Claiming Child Benefit helps you qualify for:

    ", + "
  • National Insurance credits, which protect your right to the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • other benefits like Guardian\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    Child Benefit proves you (or your partner) support another child. You may pay less child maintenance for children not living with you.

    ", + "

    You can make a new claim or just protect your entitlement to the above by:

    ", + "
  • sending a Child Benefit claim form
    • ", + "
  • ticking the option to \u2018not have the benefit paid\u2019
    • ", + "

    A partner moves in or out

    ", + "

    Your situation may change if your income is more than \u00a350,000 and you move in or split up with someone who\u2019s getting Child Benefit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay the tax charge if your income is more than \u00a350,000 and higher than your new partner\u2019s income. Your partner pays it if their income is higher.

    ", + "

    The tax charge applies from the date you move in together to either the date you permanently separate or the Child Benefit stops - for example because the child is too old to qualify for it.

    ", + "

    Short periods apart do not count as separation, for example a hospital stay or working away from home.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/making-child-maintenance-arrangement": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/making-child-maintenance-arrangement", + "title": "Making a child maintenance arrangement", + "content": "## Overview\n\nChild maintenance is an arrangement between you and the other parent of your child. It covers how your child\u2019s living costs will be paid for when one of the parents no longer lives with them. It\u2019s made when you\u2019ve separated from the other parent (or if you\u2019ve never been in a relationship).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nBoth parents are responsible for the costs of raising their children, even if they do not see them. Making agreements about access to your children happens separately.\n\nChild maintenance can be either:\n\n- a private arrangement between you and the other parent\n\n- made through the Child Maintenance Service - a government scheme\n\nYou need to have child maintenance arrangements for children under 16 (or under 20 if they\u2019re in approved education or training). If you make a private arrangement you can continue paying after then.\n\n## If you\u2019re experiencing domestic abuse or controlling behaviour\n\nDomestic abuse includes controlling behaviour. For example:\n\n- emotionally controlling or manipulative behaviour\n\n- controlling your finances\n\n- controlling the way you look after your children\n\nYou can use the Child Maintenance Service to arrange child maintenance if you do not want to contact the\u00a0other parent yourself. They will contact the other parent for you and you will not need to pay the application fee if you\u2019re experiencing domestic abuse.\n\n## How it affects benefits\n\nChild maintenance payments will not affect any benefits that you and your children get. You will not have to pay tax on them.\n\nYour Council Tax Reduction could be affected. Contact your local council to find out if this applies to you.\n\n## Making an arrangement for the first time\n\n- Talk to the other parent about making your own arrangements.\n\n- If you cannot agree, or you feel at risk talking to the other parent, contact Child Maintenance Options for help and support.\n\n- If you decide to use the Child Maintenance Service, they\u2019ll give you a reference number and explain how to apply.\n\n## Arrange child maintenance yourself\n\nYou can make arrangements for your children if both parents agree. This might cover their living costs and care.\n\nThis is a private arrangement where you and the other parent organise everything yourselves. No one else has to be involved. It\u2019s flexible and can be changed if your circumstances change. For example, you could both agree that one parent:\n\n- does school or nursery pick ups\n\n- looks after the children in the holidays\n\n- pays a proportion of their income to the parent with day to day care\n\n- pays for things like housing, school uniform, trips or after school clubs\n\n- pays a regular set amount directly to the parent with care\n\n## Working out payments\n\nIf you agree to make regular payments, you can use the child maintenance calculator to help you decide how much payments should be.\n\n## Get help to make an arrangement\n\nYou can search for a local mediator to help you reach agreement about an arrangement.\n\nYou can read guidance on:\n\n- working out the cost of raising your children\n\n- having a conversation about child maintenance\n\n- recording your agreement\n\nYou can contact Child Maintenance Options for support.\n\nThere are different contact details if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## If your private arrangement stops working\n\nYou can search for a local mediator to help you work out child maintenance arrangements.\n\nIf you later decide to switch to using the Child Maintenance Service you may have to pay an application fee. You will not need to pay the fee if you\u2019ve experienced domestic abuse, you\u2019re under 19 years old or you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Using the Child Maintenance Service\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service is for parents who have not been able to make a private arrangement about how their child\u2019s living costs will be paid. The payments are a fixed amount on a schedule.\n\nOnce the Child Maintenance Service calculates the maintenance amount, payments are usually managed between parents. The payments are fixed amounts paid on a schedule.\n\nIf you use the service to collect and transfer payments, you\u2019ll pay a fee each time you make or receive a payment.\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service can:\n\n- work out child maintenance payment amounts (you can do this yourself with the calculator)\n\n- arrange for the other parent to pay child maintenance and take action if payments are not made\n\n- help find the other parent (they\u2019ll need information from you and will not be able to set up a case if they cannot be found)\n\n- sort out disagreements about parentage\n\n- look at the payments if changes in parents\u2019 circumstances are reported\n\nYou can switch to arranging child maintenance yourself later on.\n\n## If you\u2019ve experienced domestic abuse or controlling behaviour from your child\u2019s other parent\n\nIf you\u2019re worried about your child\u2019s other parent contacting you, tell the Child Maintenance Service. You do not need to be in contact with the other parent.\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if it\u2019s not safe for the other parent to know your location or personal information, for example if you\u2019ve changed your name.\n\n## Getting payments without sharing your location\n\nThere are ways to get payments from your child\u2019s other parent without sharing your location.\n\nYou can ask your bank to set up a \u2018non-geographical\u2019 bank account if you do not want the other parent to know your address. Ask the Child Maintenance Service to give you a letter to explain why you need it.\n\nYou can also set up a pre-payment card which is not connected to a bank account. The paying parent can set up a standing order to your pre-payment card.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour child needs to be under 16 (or under 20 if they stay in approved education or training).\n\nYou need to live in the UK as your main home and have the right to live here.\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- either parent (you do not need to live with the child)\n\n- a grandparent or other guardian of the child\n\n- a child over 12 living in Scotland\n\nIf you\u2019re in prison or a full-time student with no income, you do not have to pay child maintenance - there\u2019s no need to apply.\n\nYou cannot use this service if you have an existing consent order approved by a court that is either less than a year old or made before 3 March 2003.\n\n## If one of the parents lives outside the UK\n\nYou cannot apply if the child and the parent with main day-to-day care live outside the UK.\n\nThe service can only help if the paying parent works outside the UK for a British organisation.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe application fee is \u00a320.\n\nYou will not have to pay this if you:\n\n- have experienced domestic abuse\n\n- are under 19 years old\n\n- live in Northern Ireland\n\n## How to apply\n\nContact Child Maintenance Options before you apply.\n\nThey\u2019ll discuss your maintenance arrangements with you, give you a reference number and explain how to apply.\n\nThere are different contact details if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need to provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give information about you and your family, for example:\n\n- details about the child you\u2019re applying for - including the full names of their parents\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- your bank account details (tell the Child Maintenance Service if it\u2019s not safe to tell the other parent your name, if you\u2019ve changed it, or location)\n\n## How your information is used\n\nYour information is used to set up and manage child maintenance payments, and sometimes to try to find the paying parent.\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service will share your name and your child\u2019s name with the other parent. They will not share your address.\n\nThey may share your contact details with other government organisations, debt collection agencies or the courts. They will not share details of your case.\n\nIf the Child Maintenance Service cannot get the information from either parent, they might ask others, for example:\n\n- the paying parent\u2019s employer\n\n- government organisations like Jobcentre Plus\n\n- prison services or local councils\n\n- the paying parent\u2019s bank or building society", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Child maintenance is an arrangement between you and the other parent of your child. It covers how your child\u2019s living costs will be paid for when one of the parents no longer lives with them. It\u2019s made when you\u2019ve separated from the other parent (or if you\u2019ve never been in a relationship).

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Both parents are responsible for the costs of raising their children, even if they do not see them. Making agreements about access to your children happens separately.

    ", + "

    Child maintenance can be either:

    ", + "
  • a private arrangement between you and the other parent
    • ", + "
  • made through the Child Maintenance Service - a government scheme
    • ", + "

    You need to have child maintenance arrangements for children under 16 (or under 20 if they\u2019re in approved education or training). If you make a private arrangement you can continue paying after then.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re experiencing domestic abuse or controlling behaviour

    ", + "

    Domestic abuse includes controlling behaviour. For example:

    ", + "
  • emotionally controlling or manipulative behaviour
    • ", + "
  • controlling your finances
    • ", + "
  • controlling the way you look after your children
    • ", + "

    You can use the Child Maintenance Service to arrange child maintenance if you do not want to contact the\u00a0other parent yourself. They will contact the other parent for you and you will not need to pay the application fee if you\u2019re experiencing domestic abuse.

    ", + "

    How it affects benefits

    ", + "

    Child maintenance payments will not affect any benefits that you and your children get. You will not have to pay tax on them.

    ", + "

    Your Council Tax Reduction could be affected. Contact your local council to find out if this applies to you.

    ", + "

    Making an arrangement for the first time

    ", + "
  • Talk to the other parent about making your own arrangements.
    • ", + "
  • If you cannot agree, or you feel at risk talking to the other parent, contact Child Maintenance Options for help and support.
    • ", + "
  • If you decide to use the Child Maintenance Service, they\u2019ll give you a reference number and explain how to apply.
    • ", + "

    Arrange child maintenance yourself

    ", + "

    You can make arrangements for your children if both parents agree. This might cover their living costs and care.

    ", + "

    This is a private arrangement where you and the other parent organise everything yourselves. No one else has to be involved. It\u2019s flexible and can be changed if your circumstances change. For example, you could both agree that one parent:

    ", + "
  • does school or nursery pick ups
    • ", + "
  • looks after the children in the holidays
    • ", + "
  • pays a proportion of their income to the parent with day to day care
    • ", + "
  • pays for things like housing, school uniform, trips or after school clubs
    • ", + "
  • pays a regular set amount directly to the parent with care
    • ", + "

    Working out payments

    ", + "

    If you agree to make regular payments, you can use the child maintenance calculator to help you decide how much payments should be.

    ", + "

    Get help to make an arrangement

    ", + "

    You can search for a local mediator to help you reach agreement about an arrangement.

    ", + "

    You can read guidance on:

    ", + "
  • working out the cost of raising your children
    • ", + "
  • having a conversation about child maintenance
    • ", + "
  • recording your agreement
    • ", + "

    You can contact Child Maintenance Options for support.

    ", + "

    There are different contact details if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If your private arrangement stops working

    ", + "

    You can search for a local mediator to help you work out child maintenance arrangements.

    ", + "

    If you later decide to switch to using the Child Maintenance Service you may have to pay an application fee. You will not need to pay the fee if you\u2019ve experienced domestic abuse, you\u2019re under 19 years old or you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Using the Child Maintenance Service

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service is for parents who have not been able to make a private arrangement about how their child\u2019s living costs will be paid. The payments are a fixed amount on a schedule.

    ", + "

    Once the Child Maintenance Service calculates the maintenance amount, payments are usually managed between parents. The payments are fixed amounts paid on a schedule.

    ", + "

    If you use the service to collect and transfer payments, you\u2019ll pay a fee each time you make or receive a payment.

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service can:

    ", + "
  • work out child maintenance payment amounts (you can do this yourself with the calculator)
    • ", + "
  • arrange for the other parent to pay child maintenance and take action if payments are not made
    • ", + "
  • help find the other parent (they\u2019ll need information from you and will not be able to set up a case if they cannot be found)
    • ", + "
  • sort out disagreements about parentage
    • ", + "
  • look at the payments if changes in parents\u2019 circumstances are reported
    • ", + "

    You can switch to arranging child maintenance yourself later on.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve experienced domestic abuse or controlling behaviour from your child\u2019s other parent

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about your child\u2019s other parent contacting you, tell the Child Maintenance Service. You do not need to be in contact with the other parent.

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service if it\u2019s not safe for the other parent to know your location or personal information, for example if you\u2019ve changed your name.

    ", + "

    Getting payments without sharing your location

    ", + "

    There are ways to get payments from your child\u2019s other parent without sharing your location.

    ", + "

    You can ask your bank to set up a \u2018non-geographical\u2019 bank account if you do not want the other parent to know your address. Ask the Child Maintenance Service to give you a letter to explain why you need it.

    ", + "

    You can also set up a pre-payment card which is not connected to a bank account. The paying parent can set up a standing order to your pre-payment card.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your child needs to be under 16 (or under 20 if they stay in approved education or training).

    ", + "

    You need to live in the UK as your main home and have the right to live here.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • either parent (you do not need to live with the child)
    • ", + "
  • a grandparent or other guardian of the child
    • ", + "
  • a child over 12 living in Scotland
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in prison or a full-time student with no income, you do not have to pay child maintenance - there\u2019s no need to apply.

    ", + "

    You cannot use this service if you have an existing consent order approved by a court that is either less than a year old or made before 3 March 2003.

    ", + "

    If one of the parents lives outside the UK

    ", + "

    You cannot apply if the child and the parent with main day-to-day care live outside the UK.

    ", + "

    The service can only help if the paying parent works outside the UK for a British organisation.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    The application fee is \u00a320.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay this if you:

    ", + "
  • have experienced domestic abuse
    • ", + "
  • are under 19 years old
    • ", + "
  • live in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Contact Child Maintenance Options before you apply.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll discuss your maintenance arrangements with you, give you a reference number and explain how to apply.

    ", + "

    There are different contact details if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need to provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give information about you and your family, for example:

    ", + "
  • details about the child you\u2019re applying for - including the full names of their parents
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • your bank account details (tell the Child Maintenance Service if it\u2019s not safe to tell the other parent your name, if you\u2019ve changed it, or location)
    • ", + "

    How your information is used

    ", + "

    Your information is used to set up and manage child maintenance payments, and sometimes to try to find the paying parent.

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service will share your name and your child\u2019s name with the other parent. They will not share your address.

    ", + "

    They may share your contact details with other government organisations, debt collection agencies or the courts. They will not share details of your case.

    ", + "

    If the Child Maintenance Service cannot get the information from either parent, they might ask others, for example:

    ", + "
  • the paying parent\u2019s employer
    • ", + "
  • government organisations like Jobcentre Plus
    • ", + "
  • prison services or local councils
    • ", + "
  • the paying parent\u2019s bank or building society
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/disability-living-allowance-children": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disability-living-allowance-children", + "title": "Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children", + "content": "## Overview\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) for children may help with the extra costs of looking after a child who:\n\n- is under 16\n\n- has difficulties walking or needs much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability\n\nThey will need to meet all the eligibility requirements.\n\nThe DLA rate is between \u00a323.70 and \u00a3152.15 a week and depends on the level of help the child needs.\n\n## DLA rates for children\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) for children is a tax-free benefit made up of 2 components (parts). The child might qualify for one or both components.\n\n## Care component\n\n| Care component | Weekly rate |\n\n| Lowest | \u00a323.70 |\n\n| Middle | \u00a360.00 |\n\n| Highest | \u00a389.60 |\n\n## Mobility component\n\n| Mobility component | Weekly rate |\n\n| Lower | \u00a323.70 |\n\n| Higher | \u00a362.55 |\n\n## How DLA for children is paid\n\nDLA is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Tuesday.\n\nIf your payment date is on a bank holiday, you will usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Extra help\n\nYou might qualify for Carer\u2019s Allowance if you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for a child who gets the middle or highest care rate of DLA.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nUsually, to qualify for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children the child must:\n\n- be under 16 - anyone over 16 must apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP)\n\n- need extra looking after or have walking dif\ufb01culties\n\n- be in Great Britain, a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland when you claim - there are some exceptions, such as family members of the Armed Forces\n\n- have lived in Great Britain for at least 6 of the last 12 months, if over 3 years old\n\n- be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands\n\n- not be subject to immigration control\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\nThere are some exceptions to these conditions if the child is living in or coming from an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\nYou can claim DLA for children if you\u2019re in or out of work.\n\n## Children under 3\n\nA child under 6 months must have lived in Great Britain for at least 13 weeks.\n\nA child aged between 6 months and 3 years must have lived in Great Britain for at least 26 of the last 156 weeks.\n\nThe rules on residence do not normally apply if a child is terminally ill.\n\n## The child\u2019s disability or health condition\n\nThe child\u2019s disability or health condition must mean at least one of the following apply:\n\n- they need much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability\n\n- they have difficulty getting about\n\nThey must have had these difficulties for at least 3 months and expect them to last for at least 6 months. If they\u2019re terminally ill (that is, not expected to live more than 6 months), they do not need to have had these difficulties for 3 months.\n\n## Care component\n\nThe rate the child gets depends on the level of looking after they need, for example:\n\n- lowest rate - help for some of the day\n\n- middle rate - frequent help or constant supervision during the day, supervision at night or someone to help while they\u2019re on dialysis\n\n- highest rate - help or supervision throughout both day and night, or they\u2019re terminally ill\n\n## Mobility component\n\nThe rate the child gets depends on the level of help they need getting about, for example:\n\n- lowest rate - they can walk but need help and or supervision when outdoors\n\n- highest rate - they cannot walk, can only walk a short distance without severe discomfort, could become very ill if they try to walk or they\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired\n\nThere are also age limits to receiving the mobility component:\n\n- lowest rate - the child must be 5 years or over\n\n- highest rate - the child must be 3 years or over\n\nIf your child is under these ages and you claim DLA for them, you should be sent a claim pack 6 months before they turn 3 and 6 months before they turn 5. You can then apply for the mobility component if you think they\u2019re eligible for it.\n\nIf you have not received any claim packs and you think your child may be entitled to the mobility component, contact the Disability Service Centre.\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nContact the Disability Service Centre as soon as the child\u2019s circumstances change. This can affect how much they get, for example if their disability gets worse or they go abroad for medical treatment.\n\nTheir DLA will not usually be affected if they go:\n\n- into a local authority care home for less than 28 days\n\n- into a hospital\n\n- abroad for less than 13 weeks\n\n- abroad for less than 26 weeks to get medical treatment for a condition which began before they left\n\n## How to claim\n\nTo claim DLA for a child you need to be their parent or look after them as if you\u2019re their parent. This includes step-parents, guardians, grandparents, foster-parents or older brothers or sisters.\n\nTo apply you can either:\n\n- print off and fill in the DLA claim form\n\n- phone the Disability Living Allowance helpline and ask for a printed form\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Disability Living Allowance helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## When you\u2019ll be paid\n\nDLA can be paid from the start of your claim. It cannot be backdated. Your claim will start on the date the form is received or the date you call the enquiry line (if you return the claim pack within 6 weeks).\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision letter about 8 weeks (40 working days) after your form is received. The letter will tell you when you\u2019ll get your first payment.\n\n## If the child is terminally ill\n\nThere are special rules if the child is not expected to live more than 6 months, so they can get DLA more quickly.\n\nPhone the Disability Living Allowance helpline to start your claim. Ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500. They\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## When your child turns 16\n\nYour child will need to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) when they turn 16.\n\n## When they apply for PIP\n\nYour child will get a letter inviting them to apply for PIP. The letter will be sent:\n\n- shortly after their 16th birthday\n\n- when they leave hospital, if they were in hospital on their 16th birthday\n\n- about 20 weeks before their DLA award ends, if they were awarded DLA under the rules for people who are terminally ill\n\nYour child\u2019s DLA payments will stop unless they apply for PIP by the date given in the letter.\n\nIf they apply by the date given in the letter, they\u2019ll continue to receive DLA until their claim is assessed.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children may help with the extra costs of looking after a child who:

    ", + "
  • is under 16
    • ", + "
  • has difficulties walking or needs much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability
    • ", + "

    They will need to meet all the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    The DLA rate is between \u00a323.70 and \u00a3152.15 a week and depends on the level of help the child needs.

    ", + "

    DLA rates for children

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children is a tax-free benefit made up of 2 components (parts). The child might qualify for one or both components.

    ", + "

    Care component

    ", + "Care component | Weekly rate", + "Lowest | \u00a323.70", + "Middle | \u00a360.00", + "Highest | \u00a389.60", + "

    Mobility component

    ", + "Mobility component | Weekly rate", + "Lower | \u00a323.70", + "Higher | \u00a362.55", + "

    How DLA for children is paid

    ", + "

    DLA is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Tuesday.

    ", + "

    If your payment date is on a bank holiday, you will usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Extra help

    ", + "

    You might qualify for Carer\u2019s Allowance if you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for a child who gets the middle or highest care rate of DLA.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Usually, to qualify for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children the child must:

    ", + "
  • be under 16 - anyone over 16 must apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • need extra looking after or have walking dif\ufb01culties
    • ", + "
  • be in Great Britain, a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland when you claim - there are some exceptions, such as family members of the Armed Forces
    • ", + "
  • have lived in Great Britain for at least 6 of the last 12 months, if over 3 years old
    • ", + "
  • be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • not be subject to immigration control
    • ", + "

    The process is different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    There are some exceptions to these conditions if the child is living in or coming from an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    You can claim DLA for children if you\u2019re in or out of work.

    ", + "

    Children under 3

    ", + "

    A child under 6 months must have lived in Great Britain for at least 13 weeks.

    ", + "

    A child aged between 6 months and 3 years must have lived in Great Britain for at least 26 of the last 156 weeks.

    ", + "

    The rules on residence do not normally apply if a child is terminally ill.

    ", + "

    The child\u2019s disability or health condition

    ", + "

    The child\u2019s disability or health condition must mean at least one of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they need much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability
    • ", + "
  • they have difficulty getting about
    • ", + "

    They must have had these difficulties for at least 3 months and expect them to last for at least 6 months. If they\u2019re terminally ill (that is, not expected to live more than 6 months), they do not need to have had these difficulties for 3 months.

    ", + "

    Care component

    ", + "

    The rate the child gets depends on the level of looking after they need, for example:

    ", + "
  • lowest rate - help for some of the day
    • ", + "
  • middle rate - frequent help or constant supervision during the day, supervision at night or someone to help while they\u2019re on dialysis
    • ", + "
  • highest rate - help or supervision throughout both day and night, or they\u2019re terminally ill
    • ", + "

    Mobility component

    ", + "

    The rate the child gets depends on the level of help they need getting about, for example:

    ", + "
  • lowest rate - they can walk but need help and or supervision when outdoors
    • ", + "
  • highest rate - they cannot walk, can only walk a short distance without severe discomfort, could become very ill if they try to walk or they\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired
    • ", + "

    There are also age limits to receiving the mobility component:

    ", + "
  • lowest rate - the child must be 5 years or over
    • ", + "
  • highest rate - the child must be 3 years or over
    • ", + "

    If your child is under these ages and you claim DLA for them, you should be sent a claim pack 6 months before they turn 3 and 6 months before they turn 5. You can then apply for the mobility component if you think they\u2019re eligible for it.

    ", + "

    If you have not received any claim packs and you think your child may be entitled to the mobility component, contact the Disability Service Centre.

    ", + "

    Change of circumstances

    ", + "

    Contact the Disability Service Centre as soon as the child\u2019s circumstances change. This can affect how much they get, for example if their disability gets worse or they go abroad for medical treatment.

    ", + "

    Their DLA will not usually be affected if they go:

    ", + "
  • into a local authority care home for less than 28 days
    • ", + "
  • into a hospital
    • ", + "
  • abroad for less than 13 weeks
    • ", + "
  • abroad for less than 26 weeks to get medical treatment for a condition which began before they left
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    To claim DLA for a child you need to be their parent or look after them as if you\u2019re their parent. This includes step-parents, guardians, grandparents, foster-parents or older brothers or sisters.

    ", + "

    To apply you can either:

    ", + "
  • print off and fill in the DLA claim form
    • ", + "
  • phone the Disability Living Allowance helpline and ask for a printed form
    • ", + "

    The process is different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call the Disability Living Allowance helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll be paid

    ", + "

    DLA can be paid from the start of your claim. It cannot be backdated. Your claim will start on the date the form is received or the date you call the enquiry line (if you return the claim pack within 6 weeks).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision letter about 8 weeks (40 working days) after your form is received. The letter will tell you when you\u2019ll get your first payment.

    ", + "

    If the child is terminally ill

    ", + "

    There are special rules if the child is not expected to live more than 6 months, so they can get DLA more quickly.

    ", + "

    Phone the Disability Living Allowance helpline to start your claim. Ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500. They\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    When your child turns 16

    ", + "

    Your child will need to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) when they turn 16.

    ", + "

    When they apply for PIP

    ", + "

    Your child will get a letter inviting them to apply for PIP. The letter will be sent:

    ", + "
  • shortly after their 16th birthday
    • ", + "
  • when they leave hospital, if they were in hospital on their 16th birthday
    • ", + "
  • about 20 weeks before their DLA award ends, if they were awarded DLA under the rules for people who are terminally ill
    • ", + "

    Your child\u2019s DLA payments will stop unless they apply for PIP by the date given in the letter.

    ", + "

    If they apply by the date given in the letter, they\u2019ll continue to receive DLA until their claim is assessed.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/help-for-disabled-child": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/help-for-disabled-child", + "title": "Help if you have a disabled child", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour local council can provide help if you have a disabled child, including:\n\n- short break services\n\n- holiday play schemes\n\n- care at home\n\n- some aids and adaptations\n\n- financial help, eg money towards travel costs for hospital visits\n\nYour council has a duty to provide these services under the Children Act 1989. Some are free of charge - the council might ask you to contribute towards others.\n\nIf you think your child may qualify, contact the social services team at your local council.\n\nA social worker will then talk to you about the needs of your family, including:\n\n- health\n\n- social care\n\n- education\n\nThis is called a \u2018needs assessment\u2019 - the social worker will give you advice on what to do next.\n\nYou can also ask your council about local support groups for carers and families with disabled children.\n\n## Help with costs\n\nIf your child qualifies for services from your local council, you\u2019ll also have the option of getting direct payments.\n\nThese are paid directly to you so you can arrange services you need. They\u2019re an alternative to social care services provided by your local council.\n\nYou may also be eligible for extra Child Tax Credit for each disabled child you\u2019re responsible for or Disability Living Allowance for children.\n\n## Childcare\n\nYour local council\u2019s Family Information Service can give you details about childcare in your local area.\n\nYou can also ask them about other specialist services that your child may need because of their disability.\n\n## Help with childcare costs\n\nAll 3 and 4 year olds are entitled to 15 hours of free education for 38 weeks of the year - read the information on childcare and tax credits for more details.\n\nSome 2-year-olds (even if they have an education, health and care plan or get Disability Living Allowance) are also entitled to the 15 hours of free education.\n\nYou can also get direct payments from your local council to help pay for childcare.\n\nIf you\u2019re on the Early Support Programme and have a Family File, show this to your childcare provider.\n\nIf you\u2019re working, you may be able to get up to \u00a34,000 a year to help pay for childcare for a disabled child through Tax-Free Childcare.\n\n## Education\n\nUnder the Equality Act 2010, it\u2019s against the law for schools and other education providers to discriminate against disabled children.\n\nExamples of discrimination include:\n\n- a school refusing to admit a disabled child just because of their disability\n\n- stopping a disabled pupil going outside at break time because it takes them longer to get there\n\nContact the Equality Advisory Support Service if you think your child has been discriminated against because of their disability.\n\n## Making \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019\n\nSchools have to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 for disabled children. These can include:\n\n- changes to physical features, eg adding a ramp\n\n- changes to how learners are assessed\n\n- providing extra support and aids, eg specialist teachers or equipment\n\n## Special educational needs\n\nSome children may have special educational needs because their disabilities affect their ability to learn.\n\nYou can ask your council to carry out an education, health and care (EHC) needs assessment for your child. They may get an EHC plan, which will explain the extra support they need.\n\nThe council must make sure your child gets this support.\n\nAsk to see a school\u2019s policy on special educational needs so you know what support they can offer.\n\nFind your local support service if you need impartial advice about special educational needs.\n\n## Motability scheme\n\nThe Motability Scheme can help you lease a car if your child is aged 3 or over and is entitled to either the:\n\n- higher rate of the mobility component of Disability Living Allowance\n\n- enhanced mobility component of Personal Independence Payment\n\nMore information about the scheme is on the Motability website.\n\nYou can also contact:\n\n## Home adaptations\n\nIf your home needs to be adapted to meet your child\u2019s needs, you may be able to get a Disabled Facilities Grant to help with the costs.\n\nUsually, an occupational therapist will talk to you to work out what adaptations would be best for your child.\n\nA Disabled Facilities Grant will not affect any benefits that you\u2019re getting.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your local council can provide help if you have a disabled child, including:

    ", + "
  • short break services
    • ", + "
  • holiday play schemes
    • ", + "
  • care at home
    • ", + "
  • some aids and adaptations
    • ", + "
  • financial help, eg money towards travel costs for hospital visits
    • ", + "

    Your council has a duty to provide these services under the Children Act 1989. Some are free of charge - the council might ask you to contribute towards others.

    ", + "

    If you think your child may qualify, contact the social services team at your local council.

    ", + "

    A social worker will then talk to you about the needs of your family, including:

    ", + "
  • health
    • ", + "
  • social care
    • ", + "
  • education
    • ", + "

    This is called a \u2018needs assessment\u2019 - the social worker will give you advice on what to do next.

    ", + "

    You can also ask your council about local support groups for carers and families with disabled children.

    ", + "

    Help with costs

    ", + "

    If your child qualifies for services from your local council, you\u2019ll also have the option of getting direct payments.

    ", + "

    These are paid directly to you so you can arrange services you need. They\u2019re an alternative to social care services provided by your local council.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible for extra Child Tax Credit for each disabled child you\u2019re responsible for or Disability Living Allowance for children.

    ", + "

    Childcare

    ", + "

    Your local council\u2019s Family Information Service can give you details about childcare in your local area.

    ", + "

    You can also ask them about other specialist services that your child may need because of their disability.

    ", + "

    Help with childcare costs

    ", + "

    All 3 and 4 year olds are entitled to 15 hours of free education for 38 weeks of the year - read the information on childcare and tax credits for more details.

    ", + "

    Some 2-year-olds (even if they have an education, health and care plan or get Disability Living Allowance) are also entitled to the 15 hours of free education.

    ", + "

    You can also get direct payments from your local council to help pay for childcare.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on the Early Support Programme and have a Family File, show this to your childcare provider.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re working, you may be able to get up to \u00a34,000 a year to help pay for childcare for a disabled child through Tax-Free Childcare.

    ", + "

    Education

    ", + "

    Under the Equality Act 2010, it\u2019s against the law for schools and other education providers to discriminate against disabled children.

    ", + "

    Examples of discrimination include:

    ", + "
  • a school refusing to admit a disabled child just because of their disability
    • ", + "
  • stopping a disabled pupil going outside at break time because it takes them longer to get there
    • ", + "

    Contact the Equality Advisory Support Service if you think your child has been discriminated against because of their disability.

    ", + "

    Making \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019

    ", + "

    Schools have to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 for disabled children. These can include:

    ", + "
  • changes to physical features, eg adding a ramp
    • ", + "
  • changes to how learners are assessed
    • ", + "
  • providing extra support and aids, eg specialist teachers or equipment
    • ", + "

    Special educational needs

    ", + "

    Some children may have special educational needs because their disabilities affect their ability to learn.

    ", + "

    You can ask your council to carry out an education, health and care (EHC) needs assessment for your child. They may get an EHC plan, which will explain the extra support they need.

    ", + "

    The council must make sure your child gets this support.

    ", + "

    Ask to see a school\u2019s policy on special educational needs so you know what support they can offer.

    ", + "

    Find your local support service if you need impartial advice about special educational needs.

    ", + "

    Motability scheme

    ", + "

    The Motability Scheme can help you lease a car if your child is aged 3 or over and is entitled to either the:

    ", + "
  • higher rate of the mobility component of Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • enhanced mobility component of Personal Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    More information about the scheme is on the Motability website.

    ", + "

    You can also contact:

    ", + "

    Home adaptations

    ", + "

    If your home needs to be adapted to meet your child\u2019s needs, you may be able to get a Disabled Facilities Grant to help with the costs.

    ", + "

    Usually, an occupational therapist will talk to you to work out what adaptations would be best for your child.

    ", + "

    A Disabled Facilities Grant will not affect any benefits that you\u2019re getting.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-facilities-grants": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-facilities-grants", + "title": "Disabled Facilities Grants", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou could get a grant from your council if you\u2019re disabled and need to make changes to your home, for example to:\n\n- widen doors and install ramps\n\n- improve access to rooms and facilities - eg stairlifts or a downstairs bathroom\n\n- provide a heating system suitable for your needs\n\n- adapt heating or lighting controls to make them easier to use\n\nA Disabled Facilities Grant won\u2019t affect any benefits you get.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get depends on your:\n\n- household income\n\n- household savings over \u00a36,000\n\n| Country | Grant |\n\n| England | Up to \u00a330,000 |\n\n| Wales | Up to \u00a336,000 |\n\n| Northern Ireland | Up to \u00a325,000 |\n\n| Scotland | Disabled Facilities Grants are not available - find out about support for equipment and adaptations |\n\nDepending on your income, you may need to pay towards the cost of the work to the property.\n\nDisabled children under 18 can get a grant without their parents\u2019 income being taken into account. Contact your local council for more information.\n\nYou might not get any grant if you start work on your property before the council approves your application.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be paid\n\nYou\u2019ll be paid either:\n\n- in instalments - as the work progresses\n\n- in full - when the work is finished\n\nThe council may pay the contractor directly or give you a cheque to pass on to them. They\u2019ll agree this with you when they approve your application.\n\n## When you\u2019ll be paid\n\nYou\u2019ll be paid either:\n\n- when the council is happy with the finished work\n\n- when you give the council the invoice, demand or receipt for payment from the contractor\n\nNormally, if you (or a relative) does the work the council will only accept invoices for materials or services you\u2019ve bought.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou or someone living in your property must be disabled. Either you or the person you\u2019re applying for must:\n\n- own the property or be a tenant\n\n- intend to live in the property during the grant period (which is currently 5 years)\n\nYou can also apply for a grant if you\u2019re a landlord and have a disabled tenant.\n\nThe council needs to be happy that the work is:\n\n- necessary and appropriate to meet the disabled person\u2019s needs\n\n- reasonable and can be done - depending on the age and condition of the property\n\nYou might not get any grant if you start work on your property before the council approves your application.\n\n## Planning and building regulations approval\n\nYou need to apply separately for any planning permission or building regulations approval.\n\nThe council may ask you to employ a qualified architect or surveyor to plan and oversee the work. If you get a grant, you can use it towards the cost of their fees.\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply through your local council.\n\nThe council may send an occupational therapist round to see you. They\u2019ll check your circumstances and see what changes you need.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to your council if you\u2019re unhappy with their decision.\n\nIf you appeal and you\u2019re still not happy, you can complain to the Local Government Ombudsman.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You could get a grant from your council if you\u2019re disabled and need to make changes to your home, for example to:

    ", + "
  • widen doors and install ramps
    • ", + "
  • improve access to rooms and facilities - eg stairlifts or a downstairs bathroom
    • ", + "
  • provide a heating system suitable for your needs
    • ", + "
  • adapt heating or lighting controls to make them easier to use
    • ", + "

    A Disabled Facilities Grant won\u2019t affect any benefits you get.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your:

    ", + "
  • household income
    • ", + "
  • household savings over \u00a36,000
    • ", + "Country | Grant", + "England | Up to \u00a330,000", + "Wales | Up to \u00a336,000", + "Northern Ireland | Up to \u00a325,000", + "Scotland | Disabled Facilities Grants are not available - find out about support for equipment and adaptations", + "

    Depending on your income, you may need to pay towards the cost of the work to the property.

    ", + "

    Disabled children under 18 can get a grant without their parents\u2019 income being taken into account. Contact your local council for more information.

    ", + "

    You might not get any grant if you start work on your property before the council approves your application.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019ll be paid

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be paid either:

    ", + "
  • in instalments - as the work progresses
    • ", + "
  • in full - when the work is finished
    • ", + "

    The council may pay the contractor directly or give you a cheque to pass on to them. They\u2019ll agree this with you when they approve your application.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll be paid

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be paid either:

    ", + "
  • when the council is happy with the finished work
    • ", + "
  • when you give the council the invoice, demand or receipt for payment from the contractor
    • ", + "

    Normally, if you (or a relative) does the work the council will only accept invoices for materials or services you\u2019ve bought.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You or someone living in your property must be disabled. Either you or the person you\u2019re applying for must:

    ", + "
  • own the property or be a tenant
    • ", + "
  • intend to live in the property during the grant period (which is currently 5 years)
    • ", + "

    You can also apply for a grant if you\u2019re a landlord and have a disabled tenant.

    ", + "

    The council needs to be happy that the work is:

    ", + "
  • necessary and appropriate to meet the disabled person\u2019s needs
    • ", + "
  • reasonable and can be done - depending on the age and condition of the property
    • ", + "

    You might not get any grant if you start work on your property before the council approves your application.

    ", + "

    Planning and building regulations approval

    ", + "

    You need to apply separately for any planning permission or building regulations approval.

    ", + "

    The council may ask you to employ a qualified architect or surveyor to plan and oversee the work. If you get a grant, you can use it towards the cost of their fees.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Apply through your local council.

    ", + "

    The council may send an occupational therapist round to see you. They\u2019ll check your circumstances and see what changes you need.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can appeal to your council if you\u2019re unhappy with their decision.

    ", + "

    If you appeal and you\u2019re still not happy, you can complain to the Local Government Ombudsman.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/childcare-grant": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/childcare-grant", + "title": "Childcare Grant", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be eligible for help with your childcare costs if you:\n\n- are a full-time higher education student\n\n- have children under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs\n\nThe grant:\n\n- does not have to be paid back\n\n- is paid on top of your other student finance\n\nYou must be eligible for student finance to apply for a Childcare Grant.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get depends on:\n\n- your household income\n\n- the number of children who are dependent on you\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\nYou can get 85% of your childcare costs or a fixed maximum amount, whichever is less.\n\nThe maximum you can get is:\n\n- up to \u00a3179.62 a week for 1 child\n\n- up to \u00a3307.95 a week for 2 or more children\n\nYou have to pay for any remaining costs.\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nYou can get 85% of your childcare costs or a fixed maximum amount, whichever is less.\n\nThe maximum you can get is:\n\n- up to \u00a3174.22 a week for 1 child\n\n- up to \u00a3298.69 a week for 2 or more children\n\nYou have to pay for any remaining costs.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYour grant will be paid into a Childcare Grant Payment Service (CCGPS) account. You\u2019ll get an email telling you how to set one up.\n\nYour childcare provider will send requests for payment to the CCGPS, which you can approve through your account. Your provider will be paid directly from the money in your account.\n\nAny money that\u2019s left over at the end of the academic year will be returned to Student Finance England.\n\nIncome-related, unemployment and housing benefits are not affected by a Childcare Grant.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo qualify for a Childcare Grant all the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a full-time student\n\n- your child must be under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs\n\n- you get undergraduate student finance based on your household income, or are eligible to\n\n- you\u2019re not getting a Postgraduate Loan\n\n- you\u2019re a permanent resident in England\n\n- the children in your grant application are financially dependent on you\n\n- your childcare provider is on the Ofsted Early Years Register or General Childcare Register - check with your provider\n\n- if your child is cared for at home, the carer cannot be a relative and must be registered with an appropriate body - check with Student Finance England\n\n- neither you or your partner are claiming Tax-Free Childcare, the childcare element of working Tax Credit or Universal Credit\n\n- neither you or your partner receive help with childcare costs from the National Health Service (NHS)\n\nChildcare Grant isn\u2019t the same as 15 or 30 hours free childcare. You can\u2019t use it to pay for those hours.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply for a Childcare Grant follow these steps:\n\n- Apply online as part of your main student finance application.\n\n- Send in evidence. You\u2019ll be told what evidence you need to provide when you apply.\n\n- You\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how much Childcare Grant you\u2019ll get.\n\n- Create an online account with the Childcare Grant Payment Service (CCGPS). You\u2019ll get an email telling you how to set one up. Your grant will be paid into this account.\n\nUse the paper form instead if you:\n\n- have already applied for student finance but didn\u2019t apply for a childcare grant at the same time\n\n- want to apply for another child\n\nYou can download the form from the student finance form finder.\n\nUse your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for help with your childcare costs if you:

    ", + "
  • are a full-time higher education student
    • ", + "
  • have children under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs
    • ", + "

    The grant:

    ", + "
  • does not have to be paid back
    • ", + "
  • is paid on top of your other student finance
    • ", + "

    You must be eligible for student finance to apply for a Childcare Grant.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The amount you\u2019ll get depends on:

    ", + "
  • your household income
    • ", + "
  • the number of children who are dependent on you
    • ", + "

    2021 to 2022 academic year

    ", + "

    You can get 85% of your childcare costs or a fixed maximum amount, whichever is less.

    ", + "

    The maximum you can get is:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a3179.62 a week for 1 child
    • ", + "
  • up to \u00a3307.95 a week for 2 or more children
    • ", + "

    You have to pay for any remaining costs.

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    You can get 85% of your childcare costs or a fixed maximum amount, whichever is less.

    ", + "

    The maximum you can get is:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a3174.22 a week for 1 child
    • ", + "
  • up to \u00a3298.69 a week for 2 or more children
    • ", + "

    You have to pay for any remaining costs.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    Your grant will be paid into a Childcare Grant Payment Service (CCGPS) account. You\u2019ll get an email telling you how to set one up.

    ", + "

    Your childcare provider will send requests for payment to the CCGPS, which you can approve through your account. Your provider will be paid directly from the money in your account.

    ", + "

    Any money that\u2019s left over at the end of the academic year will be returned to Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    Income-related, unemployment and housing benefits are not affected by a Childcare Grant.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To qualify for a Childcare Grant all the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a full-time student
    • ", + "
  • your child must be under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs
    • ", + "
  • you get undergraduate student finance based on your household income, or are eligible to
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not getting a Postgraduate Loan
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a permanent resident in England
    • ", + "
  • the children in your grant application are financially dependent on you
    • ", + "
  • your childcare provider is on the Ofsted Early Years Register or General Childcare Register - check with your provider
    • ", + "
  • if your child is cared for at home, the carer cannot be a relative and must be registered with an appropriate body - check with Student Finance England
    • ", + "
  • neither you or your partner are claiming Tax-Free Childcare, the childcare element of working Tax Credit or Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • neither you or your partner receive help with childcare costs from the National Health Service (NHS)
    • ", + "

    Childcare Grant isn\u2019t the same as 15 or 30 hours free childcare. You can\u2019t use it to pay for those hours.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To apply for a Childcare Grant follow these steps:

    ", + "
  • Apply online as part of your main student finance application.
    • ", + "
  • Send in evidence. You\u2019ll be told what evidence you need to provide when you apply.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how much Childcare Grant you\u2019ll get.
    • ", + "
  • Create an online account with the Childcare Grant Payment Service (CCGPS). You\u2019ll get an email telling you how to set one up. Your grant will be paid into this account.
    • ", + "

    Use the paper form instead if you:

    ", + "
  • have already applied for student finance but didn\u2019t apply for a childcare grant at the same time
    • ", + "
  • want to apply for another child
    • ", + "

    You can download the form from the student finance form finder.

    ", + "

    Use your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/care-to-learn": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/care-to-learn", + "title": "Care to Learn", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe Care to Learn scheme can help with childcare costs while you study.\n\nYou must be aged under 20 at the start of your course.\n\nThe scheme is available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses in:\n\n- schools\n\n- sixth-forms in schools\n\n- sixth-form colleges\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a3160 per child per week if you live outside London\n\n- \u00a3175 per child per week if you live in London\n\n## What it covers\n\nCare to Learn can help with the cost of:\n\n- your childcare, including deposit and registration fees\n\n- a childcare taster session for up to 5 days\n\n- keeping your childcare place over the summer holidays\n\n- taking your child to their childcare provider\n\n## Payments\n\nChildcare payments go directly to your childcare provider.\n\nBefore they can be paid:\n\n- your childcare provider needs to confirm your child\u2019s attendance\n\n- your school or college needs to confirm that you\u2019re attending your course\n\nTravel payments go direct to your school or college - they\u2019ll either pay you or arrange travel for you.\n\n## When payments stop\n\nPayments end when:\n\n- you stop attending your course\n\n- you reach the end of your course\n\n- your child stops attending childcare\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get Care to Learn if all of the following apply to you:\n\n- you\u2019re a parent under 20 at the start of your course\n\n- you\u2019re the main carer for your child\n\n- you live in England\n\n- you\u2019re either a British citizen or have a legal right to live and study in England\n\n- your course qualifies\n\n- your childcare provider qualifies\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.\n\n## Your course\n\nCare to Learn is only available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses that take place in:\n\n- schools\n\n- sixth-forms in schools\n\n- sixth-form colleges\n\n- other colleges and learning providers, including Foundation Learning\n\n- your community at Children\u2019s Centres\n\nYour learning provider can tell you if your course is eligible.\n\n## Your childcare provider\n\nTo qualify, your childcare provider must be registered with Ofsted.\n\nThey can be a:\n\n- childminder\n\n- preschool playgroup\n\n- day nursery\n\n- out of school club\n\n## Who cannot get Care to Learn\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible if:\n\n- you\u2019re an apprentice who gets a salary\n\n- you\u2019re doing a higher education course at university\n\n## Apply for Care to Learn\n\nYou must choose your learning provider and childcare provider before you apply.\n\nYou need to make a new application for each year you study.\n\nYour childcare provider is paid from the beginning of your course if you apply either:\n\n- before your course starts\n\n- within 28 days of starting your course\n\nIf you apply after that, your childcare provider will only be paid from the beginning of the week that your application was received.\n\nApply online for Care to Learn.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nYou must give your learning provider either:\n\n- a copy of the child\u2019s birth certificate\n\n- a letter confirming receipt of Child Benefit for that child\n\n## If you qualify\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter and a payment plan telling you what financial help you can get.\n\nYour childcare provider will only be paid after you\u2019ve provided this.\n\nYour childcare provider will also get the payment plan to let them know when they\u2019ll be paid.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for travel costs, your learning provider will be told about payments for this.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must report changes to your:\n\n- personal details\n\n- childcare provider\n\n- hours of childcare\n\n- travel costs\n\n- learning provider\n\nYou can do this by updating your online application.\n\n## Benefits\n\nClaiming Care to Learn will not affect your family\u2019s benefits or allowances.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The Care to Learn scheme can help with childcare costs while you study.

    ", + "

    You must be aged under 20 at the start of your course.

    ", + "

    The scheme is available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses in:

    ", + "
  • schools
    • ", + "
  • sixth-forms in schools
    • ", + "
  • sixth-form colleges
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You can get up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3160 per child per week if you live outside London
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3175 per child per week if you live in London
    • ", + "

    What it covers

    ", + "

    Care to Learn can help with the cost of:

    ", + "
  • your childcare, including deposit and registration fees
    • ", + "
  • a childcare taster session for up to 5 days
    • ", + "
  • keeping your childcare place over the summer holidays
    • ", + "
  • taking your child to their childcare provider
    • ", + "

    Payments

    ", + "

    Childcare payments go directly to your childcare provider.

    ", + "

    Before they can be paid:

    ", + "
  • your childcare provider needs to confirm your child\u2019s attendance
    • ", + "
  • your school or college needs to confirm that you\u2019re attending your course
    • ", + "

    Travel payments go direct to your school or college - they\u2019ll either pay you or arrange travel for you.

    ", + "

    When payments stop

    ", + "

    Payments end when:

    ", + "
  • you stop attending your course
    • ", + "
  • you reach the end of your course
    • ", + "
  • your child stops attending childcare
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can get Care to Learn if all of the following apply to you:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a parent under 20 at the start of your course
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the main carer for your child
    • ", + "
  • you live in England
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re either a British citizen or have a legal right to live and study in England
    • ", + "
  • your course qualifies
    • ", + "
  • your childcare provider qualifies
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    Care to Learn is only available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses that take place in:

    ", + "
  • schools
    • ", + "
  • sixth-forms in schools
    • ", + "
  • sixth-form colleges
    • ", + "
  • other colleges and learning providers, including Foundation Learning
    • ", + "
  • your community at Children\u2019s Centres
    • ", + "

    Your learning provider can tell you if your course is eligible.

    ", + "

    Your childcare provider

    ", + "

    To qualify, your childcare provider must be registered with Ofsted.

    ", + "

    They can be a:

    ", + "
  • childminder
    • ", + "
  • preschool playgroup
    • ", + "
  • day nursery
    • ", + "
  • out of school club
    • ", + "

    Who cannot get Care to Learn

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re an apprentice who gets a salary
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re doing a higher education course at university
    • ", + "

    Apply for Care to Learn

    ", + "

    You must choose your learning provider and childcare provider before you apply.

    ", + "

    You need to make a new application for each year you study.

    ", + "

    Your childcare provider is paid from the beginning of your course if you apply either:

    ", + "
  • before your course starts
    • ", + "
  • within 28 days of starting your course
    • ", + "

    If you apply after that, your childcare provider will only be paid from the beginning of the week that your application was received.

    ", + "

    Apply online for Care to Learn.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    You must give your learning provider either:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the child\u2019s birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • a letter confirming receipt of Child Benefit for that child
    • ", + "

    If you qualify

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter and a payment plan telling you what financial help you can get.

    ", + "

    Your childcare provider will only be paid after you\u2019ve provided this.

    ", + "

    Your childcare provider will also get the payment plan to let them know when they\u2019ll be paid.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for travel costs, your learning provider will be told about payments for this.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change

    ", + "

    You must report changes to your:

    ", + "
  • personal details
    • ", + "
  • childcare provider
    • ", + "
  • hours of childcare
    • ", + "
  • travel costs
    • ", + "
  • learning provider
    • ", + "

    You can do this by updating your online application.

    ", + "

    Benefits

    ", + "

    Claiming Care to Learn will not affect your family\u2019s benefits or allowances.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/healthy-start": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthy-start", + "title": "Healthy Start", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re pregnant or have a child under 4, the Healthy Start scheme can help you buy basic foods like milk or fruit.\n\nIf you live in Scotland you cannot get Healthy Start. You can apply for Best Start Foods instead.\n\nIf you qualify for the scheme you\u2019ll be sent vouchers you can use in over 30,000 shops in the UK.\n\nYou can also get coupons to swap for:\n\n- pregnancy vitamins\n\n- breastfeeding vitamins\n\n- vitamins for children aged 6 months to 5 years old\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you qualify, you\u2019ll get vouchers worth \u00a34.25 each to spend on:\n\n- cow\u2019s milk\n\n- fresh, frozen or tinned fruit and vegetables\n\n- infant formula milk\n\n- fresh, dried, and tinned pulses\n\nYou get 1 voucher a week if:\n\n- you\u2019re pregnant\n\n- you have a child aged between 1 and 4\n\nYou get 2 vouchers a week if you have a child under 1.\n\nYou can also get free vitamin supplements.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get Healthy Start vouchers if you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland. If you live in Scotland, apply for Best Start Foods instead.\n\nYou will qualify for the Healthy Start scheme if either:\n\n- you\u2019re at least 10 weeks pregnant\n\n- you have at least 1 child under 4 years old\n\nIn addition, you must be receiving any of the following:\n\n- Child Tax Credit (but only if your family\u2019s annual income is \u00a316,190 or less)\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Universal Credit (but only if your family earns \u00a3408 or less per month from employment)\n\n- Working Tax Credit (but only if your family is receiving the 4 week \u2018run-on\u2019 payment)\n\nYou\u2019ll also be eligible for the Healthy Start scheme if you\u2019re pregnant and under 18, even if you do not receive any benefits.\n\nWorking Tax Credit run-on is the payment you receive for a further 4 weeks immediately after you stop qualifying for Working Tax Credit.\n\n## How to claim\n\nApply for Healthy Start vouchers.\n\nYou can also get an application form from your midwife or \u2018health visitor\u2019, or by phoning the Healthy Start helpline.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re pregnant or have a child under 4, the Healthy Start scheme can help you buy basic foods like milk or fruit.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland you cannot get Healthy Start. You can apply for Best Start Foods instead.

    ", + "

    If you qualify for the scheme you\u2019ll be sent vouchers you can use in over 30,000 shops in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can also get coupons to swap for:

    ", + "
  • pregnancy vitamins
    • ", + "
  • breastfeeding vitamins
    • ", + "
  • vitamins for children aged 6 months to 5 years old
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    If you qualify, you\u2019ll get vouchers worth \u00a34.25 each to spend on:

    ", + "
  • cow\u2019s milk
    • ", + "
  • fresh, frozen or tinned fruit and vegetables
    • ", + "
  • infant formula milk
    • ", + "
  • fresh, dried, and tinned pulses
    • ", + "

    You get 1 voucher a week if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "
  • you have a child aged between 1 and 4
    • ", + "

    You get 2 vouchers a week if you have a child under 1.

    ", + "

    You can also get free vitamin supplements.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can get Healthy Start vouchers if you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland. If you live in Scotland, apply for Best Start Foods instead.

    ", + "

    You will qualify for the Healthy Start scheme if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re at least 10 weeks pregnant
    • ", + "
  • you have at least 1 child under 4 years old
    • ", + "

    In addition, you must be receiving any of the following:

    ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit (but only if your family\u2019s annual income is \u00a316,190 or less)
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit (but only if your family earns \u00a3408 or less per month from employment)
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit (but only if your family is receiving the 4 week \u2018run-on\u2019 payment)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be eligible for the Healthy Start scheme if you\u2019re pregnant and under 18, even if you do not receive any benefits.

    ", + "

    Working Tax Credit run-on is the payment you receive for a further 4 weeks immediately after you stop qualifying for Working Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Apply for Healthy Start vouchers.

    ", + "

    You can also get an application form from your midwife or \u2018health visitor\u2019, or by phoning the Healthy Start helpline.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/guardians-allowance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/guardians-allowance", + "title": "Guardian's Allowance", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou could get Guardian\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re bringing up a child whose parents have died. You may also be eligible if there\u2019s one surviving parent.\n\nThe Guardian\u2019s Allowance rate is \u00a318 a week. You get it on top of Child Benefit and it\u2019s tax-free.\n\nYou must tell the Guardian\u2019s Allowance Unit about certain changes to your circumstances.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe Guardian Allowance rate is:\n\n- \u00a318 a week per child\n\n- tax-free\n\n- paid on top of your Child Benefit payments\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nUsually, the money is paid into a bank account every 4 weeks. It can be paid weekly if you\u2019re a single parent or getting certain other benefits, such as Income Support.\n\nYou can get the money paid into any account, apart from a Nationwide Building Society account in someone else\u2019s name.\n\n## Effect on other benefits\n\nGuardian\u2019s Allowance does not count as income if you\u2019re claiming tax credits, Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance.\n\nGuardian\u2019s Allowance is not affected by the High Income Child Benefit charge. If you decide not to be paid Child Benefit your Guardian\u2019s Allowance can continue.\n\nGuardian\u2019s Allowance does not count towards the benefit cap.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to work out what benefits you can get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get Guardian\u2019s Allowance all of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019re bringing up someone else\u2019s child\n\n- the child\u2019s parents are dead (see conditions for one surviving parent below)\n\n- you qualify for Child Benefit\n\n- one of the parents was born in the UK (or was living in the UK since the age of 16 for at least 52 weeks in any 2-year period)\n\nIf you adopt a child you may still get Guardian\u2019s Allowance as long as you were getting it before you adopted the child.\n\n## If there is one surviving parent\n\nYou could get Guardian\u2019s Allowance if one of the following is true:\n\n- you do not know where the surviving parent is\n\n- the parents were divorced or their civil partnership had dissolved, the surviving parent does not have custody and is not maintaining the child and there is not a court order in place saying they should\n\n- the parents were not married, the mother has died and the father is unknown\n\n- the surviving parent will be in prison for at least 2 years from the date of death of the other parent\n\n- the surviving parent is in a hospital by court order\n\nUse a benefits calculator to check the benefits you\u2019re entitled to.\n\n## How to claim\n\nTo avoid losing money, claim Guardian\u2019s Allowance as soon as the child comes to live with you.\n\n- Fill in the claim form (BG1).\n\n- Send it to the Guardian\u2019s Allowance Unit with the child\u2019s full birth certificate and the parents\u2019 death certificates (or certificate if one parent has died) - send originals.\n\nYou should also claim Child Benefit as soon as possible.\n\nGuardian\u2019s Allowance can be backdated for up to 3 months.\n\nYou can also call the Guardian\u2019s Allowance Unit and ask for a claim pack.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Changes to your circumstances\n\nIf your circumstances change, your entitlement to Guardian\u2019s Allowance could be affected or your payments could stop.\n\nYou must report changes straight away. You can do this online if:\n\n- the child goes to live with someone else\n\n- you go abroad, either temporarily (for more than 8 weeks), or permanently (for more than 1 year)\n\n- the child leaves full-time education or approved training\n\n- your bank or contact details change\n\n- you find out where the surviving parent is\n\n- the surviving parent comes out of hospital or prison (or has their sentence shortened)\n\n- the surviving parent makes a payment towards their child\u2019s upkeep\n\nYou can also report a change of circumstance by phone or post.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You could get Guardian\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re bringing up a child whose parents have died. You may also be eligible if there\u2019s one surviving parent.

    ", + "

    The Guardian\u2019s Allowance rate is \u00a318 a week. You get it on top of Child Benefit and it\u2019s tax-free.

    ", + "

    You must tell the Guardian\u2019s Allowance Unit about certain changes to your circumstances.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The Guardian Allowance rate is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a318 a week per child
    • ", + "
  • tax-free
    • ", + "
  • paid on top of your Child Benefit payments
    • ", + "

    How the money is paid

    ", + "

    Usually, the money is paid into a bank account every 4 weeks. It can be paid weekly if you\u2019re a single parent or getting certain other benefits, such as Income Support.

    ", + "

    You can get the money paid into any account, apart from a Nationwide Building Society account in someone else\u2019s name.

    ", + "

    Effect on other benefits

    ", + "

    Guardian\u2019s Allowance does not count as income if you\u2019re claiming tax credits, Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance.

    ", + "

    Guardian\u2019s Allowance is not affected by the High Income Child Benefit charge. If you decide not to be paid Child Benefit your Guardian\u2019s Allowance can continue.

    ", + "

    Guardian\u2019s Allowance does not count towards the benefit cap.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to work out what benefits you can get.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To get Guardian\u2019s Allowance all of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re bringing up someone else\u2019s child
    • ", + "
  • the child\u2019s parents are dead (see conditions for one surviving parent below)
    • ", + "
  • you qualify for Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • one of the parents was born in the UK (or was living in the UK since the age of 16 for at least 52 weeks in any 2-year period)
    • ", + "

    If you adopt a child you may still get Guardian\u2019s Allowance as long as you were getting it before you adopted the child.

    ", + "

    If there is one surviving parent

    ", + "

    You could get Guardian\u2019s Allowance if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you do not know where the surviving parent is
    • ", + "
  • the parents were divorced or their civil partnership had dissolved, the surviving parent does not have custody and is not maintaining the child and there is not a court order in place saying they should
    • ", + "
  • the parents were not married, the mother has died and the father is unknown
    • ", + "
  • the surviving parent will be in prison for at least 2 years from the date of death of the other parent
    • ", + "
  • the surviving parent is in a hospital by court order
    • ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to check the benefits you\u2019re entitled to.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    To avoid losing money, claim Guardian\u2019s Allowance as soon as the child comes to live with you.

    ", + "
  • Fill in the claim form (BG1).
    • ", + "
  • Send it to the Guardian\u2019s Allowance Unit with the child\u2019s full birth certificate and the parents\u2019 death certificates (or certificate if one parent has died) - send originals.
    • ", + "

    You should also claim Child Benefit as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    Guardian\u2019s Allowance can be backdated for up to 3 months.

    ", + "

    You can also call the Guardian\u2019s Allowance Unit and ask for a claim pack.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Changes to your circumstances

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change, your entitlement to Guardian\u2019s Allowance could be affected or your payments could stop.

    ", + "

    You must report changes straight away. You can do this online if:

    ", + "
  • the child goes to live with someone else
    • ", + "
  • you go abroad, either temporarily (for more than 8 weeks), or permanently (for more than 1 year)
    • ", + "
  • the child leaves full-time education or approved training
    • ", + "
  • your bank or contact details change
    • ", + "
  • you find out where the surviving parent is
    • ", + "
  • the surviving parent comes out of hospital or prison (or has their sentence shortened)
    • ", + "
  • the surviving parent makes a payment towards their child\u2019s upkeep
    • ", + "

    You can also report a change of circumstance by phone or post.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/parents-learning-allowance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parents-learning-allowance", + "title": "Parents' Learning Allowance", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be eligible for help with your learning costs if you\u2019re a full-time student with children. This is called Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\nThe allowance:\n\n- does not have to be paid back\n\n- is paid on top of your other student finance\n\n- will not affect your benefits or tax credit\n\n## What you'll get\n\nDepending on your household income, in the 2021 to 2022 academic year you could get between \u00a350 and \u00a31,821 a year.\n\nIt\u2019s usually paid in 3 instalments direct to your bank account, one at the start of each term.\n\nParents\u2019 Learning Allowance is paid on top of your other student finance and does not have to be paid back.\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nFull-time students could get up to \u00a31,766 a year.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nIf you\u2019re a student from England with dependent children you may qualify if you\u2019re taking:\n\n- a full-time undergraduate course\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training (ITT) course\n\nYou do not need to be paying for childcare to qualify.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for the Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance when you apply for student finance.\n\n## After you apply\n\nAfter you apply you\u2019ll get a letter telling you how much you can get.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for help with your learning costs if you\u2019re a full-time student with children. This is called Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your household income.

    ", + "

    The allowance:

    ", + "
  • does not have to be paid back
    • ", + "
  • is paid on top of your other student finance
    • ", + "
  • will not affect your benefits or tax credit
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Depending on your household income, in the 2021 to 2022 academic year you could get between \u00a350 and \u00a31,821 a year.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s usually paid in 3 instalments direct to your bank account, one at the start of each term.

    ", + "

    Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance is paid on top of your other student finance and does not have to be paid back.

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    Full-time students could get up to \u00a31,766 a year.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a student from England with dependent children you may qualify if you\u2019re taking:

    ", + "
  • a full-time undergraduate course
    • ", + "
  • an Initial Teacher Training (ITT) course
    • ", + "

    You do not need to be paying for childcare to qualify.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for the Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance when you apply for student finance.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    After you apply you\u2019ll get a letter telling you how much you can get.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/financial-help-disabled": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/financial-help-disabled", + "title": "Financial help if you're disabled", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThere is a wide range of disability-related financial support, including benefits, tax credits, payments, grants and concessions.\n\nSome benefits you might get are:\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Personal Independence Payment (PIP) or Disability Living Allowance (DLA)\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might also be able to get:\n\n- Industrial Injuries Benefit if you\u2019re disabled as a result of work\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance if you need daily care and attention because of a disability\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Vehicles and transport\n\nIf you\u2019re disabled you can apply for the following:\n\n- exemption from paying vehicle tax\n\n- parking benefits - Blue Badge\n\n- disabled persons bus pass or railcard\n\n- help to buy or lease a car from The Motability Scheme\n\n## Home and housing\n\nIf you\u2019ve been assessed by your local council as needing care and support services, you can get:\n\n- Direct payments - allowing you to buy in and arrange help yourself instead of getting it directly from social services\n\n- Disabled Facilities Grants - which is money towards the costs of home adaptations to enable you to continue living there\n\n## If you\u2019re on a low income\n\nYou may be eligible for Universal Credit and could get help with housing costs.\n\nIf not, check if you\u2019re eligible for Housing Benefit and Council Tax Reduction from your local council.\n\n## Help if you\u2019re employed\n\nYou may be able to top up a low salary by claiming Universal Credit.\n\nYou also might be able to get an Access to Work grant to pay for:\n\n- special equipment, adaptations or support worker services to help you do things like answer the phone or go to meetings\n\n- help getting to and from work\n\n- mental health support\n\n- communication support at a job interview (for example, a British Sign Language interpreter or a lipspeaker)\n\n## VAT relief on certain goods and services\n\nYou do not have to pay VAT on certain goods and services if they\u2019re just for your own use and you\u2019re disabled or have a long term illness.\n\n## Armed forces compensation\n\nYou may be able to get compensation if you\u2019ve been injured or disabled while serving in the armed forces.\n\n## Disability and sickness benefits\n\n## Disability Living Allowance for children\n\nDisability Living Allowance for children (DLA) is a tax-free benefit for children under 16 to help with the extra costs caused by long-term ill health or a disability.\n\n## Disability Living Allowance for adults\n\nPersonal Independence Payment is gradually replacing DLA for adults with long-term ill health or a disability. If you\u2019ve reached State Pension age you can apply for Attendance Allowance instead.\n\n## Personal Independence Payment\n\nPersonal Independence Payment (PIP) is a tax-free benefit for people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age. It can help with the extra costs caused by long term ill-health or a disability.\n\n## Attendance Allowance\n\nAttendance Allowance is a tax-free benefit for people who are State Pension age or over, have a disability and need someone to help look after them.\n\n## Employment and Support Allowance\n\nYou may be able to get \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you cannot work because of illness or disability.\n\n## Carers\n\nCarer\u2019s Allowance is extra money to help you look after someone with substantial caring needs.\n\nYou could also get Carer\u2019s Credit so there will not be any gaps in your National Insurance record if you have to take on caring responsibilities.\n\n## Vehicles and transport\n\nYou\u2019ll need to meet the legal obligations for drivers before you can drive.\n\n## Blue Badge parking scheme\n\nThe Blue Badge scheme provides a range of parking benefits for disabled people with severe walking difficulties who travel either as drivers or as passengers.\n\n## Vehicle tax exemption\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for exemption from paying vehicle tax if you get the:\n\n- higher rate mobility component of Disability Living Allowance (DLA)\n\n- enhanced rate mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP)\n\n- War Pensioners\u2019 Mobility Supplement\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\nThe vehicle must be registered in the disabled person\u2019s name or their nominated driver\u2019s name.\n\nIt must only be used for the disabled person\u2019s personal needs. It cannot be used by the nominated driver for their own personal use.\n\nYou can only have one vehicle tax exemption at any one time.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou claim the exemption when you apply for vehicle tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming for a vehicle for the first time, you have to claim at a Post Office. You must do this every time you change your vehicle.\n\n## Vehicle tax reduction\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get a 50% reduction in vehicle tax if you get the PIP standard rate mobility component.\n\nThe vehicle should be registered in the disabled person\u2019s name or their nominated driver\u2019s name.\n\nYou cannot get a reduction for getting the DLA lower rate mobility component.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou must include the following with your application:\n\n- a letter or statement from the Department for Work and Pensions that shows your PIP rate and the dates you\u2019re getting it\n\n- the vehicle log book (V5C)\n\n- a V10 form\n\n- an original MOT or GVT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)\n\n- a cheque or payable order (made out to \u2018DVLA, Swansea\u2019) for 50% of the full rate of car tax for the vehicle\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (if you live in Northern Ireland)\n\nDo not send your PIP assessment or any other medical information with your application.\n\nIf you\u2019ve just bought the vehicle and it\u2019s not registered in your name yet, you\u2019ll need to complete a V62 form and include the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip from the log book with your application.\n\nSend the documents to:\n\n## If the vehicle is not registered to you or the nominated driver\n\nWhen you make your application you will need to include a signed letter from the vehicle\u2019s registered keeper. This needs to say:\n\n- how they know you\n\n- how the vehicle will be used, for example picking up your prescription or shopping\n\n## The Motability Scheme\n\nThe Motability Scheme can help you with leasing a car, powered wheelchair or scooter. You\u2019ll need to be getting one of the following:\n\n- the higher rate of the mobility component of DLA\n\n- War Pensioners\u2019 Mobility Supplement\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\n- the enhanced rate of the mobility component of PIP\n\n## VAT relief for vehicles\n\nYou may not have to pay VAT on having a vehicle adapted to suit your condition, or on the lease of a Motability vehicle - this is known as VAT relief.\n\n## Community and public transport\n\nYour local council may operate dial-a-ride or taxi schemes, for example, using vouchers or tokens. You may also be eligible for a bus pass, a Disabled Persons Railcard or both.\n\n## Home and housing\n\n## Direct Payments - arranging your own care and services\n\nIf you\u2019ve been assessed by your local council as needing care and support services, you may want to choose Direct Payments. They allow you to buy in and arrange help yourself instead of receiving it directly from your local council.\n\n## Disabled Facilities Grants\n\nDisabled Facilities Grants are local council grants. It helps towards the cost of essential adaptations to your home to enable you to continue to live there.\n\n## Council Tax Disabled Band Reduction Scheme\n\nYou may be entitled to a reduction in your Council Tax bill if your home has certain features that are essential to you living there.\n\nContact your local council to apply for Council Tax Disabled Band Reduction.\n\n## If you\u2019re on a low income\n\n## Universal Credit\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit you could get help paying for your housing.\n\n## Housing Benefit\n\nHousing Benefit is being replaced by Universal Credit. Most people will need to claim Universal Credit instead.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for Housing Benefit before you apply.\n\nYou may also get a Council Tax Reduction from your local council.\n\n## On a low income\n\n## Universal Credit\n\nYou may be able to get Universal Credit if you\u2019re on a low income or out of work.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit.\n\n## Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)\n\nYou may be able to claim \u2018new style\u2019 JSA.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have worked as an employee and paid Class 1 National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years. National Insurance credits can also count.\n\nYou will not be eligible if you were self-employed and only paid Class 2 National Insurance contributions, unless you were working as a share fisherman or a volunteer development worker.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to take reasonable steps to look for work.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for \u2018new style\u2019 JSA.\n\n## Blind Person\u2019s Allowance\n\nThe Blind Person\u2019s Allowance allows you to receive an amount of income without having to pay tax. It\u2019s added to your personal tax allowance.\n\n## Television licence discount\n\nYou can get 50% off the cost of your TV licence if either:\n\n- you\u2019re registered blind or severely sight impaired\n\n- you live with someone who is registered blind or severely sight impaired\n\nIf the person who is registered blind is not the current licence holder for your address, you\u2019ll need to transfer the licence to their name.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- transfer the licence online - you\u2019ll need your licence number\n\n- contact TV Licensing to transfer the licence\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo claim the TV licence concession for blind people, you\u2019ll need to get a certificate from your local authority or ophthalmologist stating that you are registered blind or severely sight impaired.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, the certificate or document must be issued by or on behalf of a Health and Social Services Trust. On the Isle of Man, it must be issued by or on behalf of the Department for Health and Social Services.\n\nPost a copy of the certificate along with your licence renewal notice - if you have one - and a cheque or postal order for the licence to:\n\nRemember to include your name, address, phone number and TV licence number, if you have one.\n\n## VAT relief for disabled people\n\nIf you\u2019re disabled or have a long-term illness, you will not be charged VAT on products designed or adapted for your own personal or domestic use. Also, you will not be charged VAT on:\n\n- the installation and any extra work needed as part of this\n\n- repairs or maintenance\n\n- spare parts or accessories\n\nThe product and your disability have to qualify.\n\n## Qualifying products or services\n\nYour supplier can tell you, but usually products designed or adapted for a disability qualify. For example, certain types of:\n\n- adjustable beds\n\n- stair lifts\n\n- wheelchairs\n\n- medical appliances to help with severe injuries\n\n- alarms\n\n- braille paper or low vision aids - but not spectacles or contact lenses\n\n- motor vehicles - or the leasing of a motability vehicle\n\n- building work like ramps, widening doors, installing a lift or toilet\n\n## How to get the product VAT free\n\nTo get the product VAT free your disability has to qualify. For VAT purposes, you\u2019re disabled or have a long-term illness if:\n\n- you have a physical or mental impairment that affects your ability to carry out everyday activities, for example blindness\n\n- you have a condition that\u2019s treated as chronic sickness, like diabetes\n\n- you\u2019re terminally ill\n\nYou do not qualify if you\u2019re elderly but not disabled, or if you\u2019re temporarily disabled.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to confirm in writing that you meet these conditions. Your supplier may give you a form for this.\n\n## Help from your council\n\nYou can apply to your council for equipment or help to adapt your home if you have a disability.\n\n## Importing goods\n\nYou do not pay VAT if you import qualifying goods that are for your own personal or domestic use. This includes certain goods for blind and partially sighted people.\n\nIf you use a freight service they can help you with the paperwork, otherwise make sure the following is written on parcel, \u2018Goods for disabled people: relief claimed\u2019.\n\nIf you bring them in yourself, declare them in the red channel at Customs. For any other method of import, contact the National Import Reliefs Unit.\n\n## Work-related injuries or illness\n\n## Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit\n\nYou may be entitled to get Industrial Injuries Benefit if you\u2019re disabled as a result of:\n\n- an accident at work\n\n- a disease\n\n- deafness caused by work\n\n## Constant Attendance Allowance\n\nYou can claim Constant Attendance Allowance if you need daily care and attention because of a disability and you claim Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit.\n\n## Armed forces compensation\n\nYou can claim for compensation if while serving in the armed forces:\n\n- you got an injury or illness\n\n- an existing condition you had was made worse\n\n## Constant Attendance Allowance\n\nYou can also apply for Constant Attendance Allowance if you need daily care for a disability.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    There is a wide range of disability-related financial support, including benefits, tax credits, payments, grants and concessions.

    ", + "

    Some benefits you might get are:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP) or Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might also be able to get:

    ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Benefit if you\u2019re disabled as a result of work
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance if you need daily care and attention because of a disability
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Vehicles and transport

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled you can apply for the following:

    ", + "
  • exemption from paying vehicle tax
    • ", + "
  • parking benefits - Blue Badge
    • ", + "
  • disabled persons bus pass or railcard
    • ", + "
  • help to buy or lease a car from The Motability Scheme
    • ", + "

    Home and housing

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been assessed by your local council as needing care and support services, you can get:

    ", + "
  • Direct payments - allowing you to buy in and arrange help yourself instead of getting it directly from social services
    • ", + "
  • Disabled Facilities Grants - which is money towards the costs of home adaptations to enable you to continue living there
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for Universal Credit and could get help with housing costs.

    ", + "

    If not, check if you\u2019re eligible for Housing Benefit and Council Tax Reduction from your local council.

    ", + "

    Help if you\u2019re employed

    ", + "

    You may be able to top up a low salary by claiming Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    You also might be able to get an Access to Work grant to pay for:

    ", + "
  • special equipment, adaptations or support worker services to help you do things like answer the phone or go to meetings
    • ", + "
  • help getting to and from work
    • ", + "
  • mental health support
    • ", + "
  • communication support at a job interview (for example, a British Sign Language interpreter or a lipspeaker)
    • ", + "

    VAT relief on certain goods and services

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay VAT on certain goods and services if they\u2019re just for your own use and you\u2019re disabled or have a long term illness.

    ", + "

    Armed forces compensation

    ", + "

    You may be able to get compensation if you\u2019ve been injured or disabled while serving in the armed forces.

    ", + "

    Disability and sickness benefits

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance for children

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance for children (DLA) is a tax-free benefit for children under 16 to help with the extra costs caused by long-term ill health or a disability.

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance for adults

    ", + "

    Personal Independence Payment is gradually replacing DLA for adults with long-term ill health or a disability. If you\u2019ve reached State Pension age you can apply for Attendance Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    Personal Independence Payment

    ", + "

    Personal Independence Payment (PIP) is a tax-free benefit for people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age. It can help with the extra costs caused by long term ill-health or a disability.

    ", + "

    Attendance Allowance

    ", + "

    Attendance Allowance is a tax-free benefit for people who are State Pension age or over, have a disability and need someone to help look after them.

    ", + "

    Employment and Support Allowance

    ", + "

    You may be able to get \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you cannot work because of illness or disability.

    ", + "

    Carers

    ", + "

    Carer\u2019s Allowance is extra money to help you look after someone with substantial caring needs.

    ", + "

    You could also get Carer\u2019s Credit so there will not be any gaps in your National Insurance record if you have to take on caring responsibilities.

    ", + "

    Vehicles and transport

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to meet the legal obligations for drivers before you can drive.

    ", + "

    Blue Badge parking scheme

    ", + "

    The Blue Badge scheme provides a range of parking benefits for disabled people with severe walking difficulties who travel either as drivers or as passengers.

    ", + "

    Vehicle tax exemption

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for exemption from paying vehicle tax if you get the:

    ", + "
  • higher rate mobility component of Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • enhanced rate mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • War Pensioners\u2019 Mobility Supplement
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    The vehicle must be registered in the disabled person\u2019s name or their nominated driver\u2019s name.

    ", + "

    It must only be used for the disabled person\u2019s personal needs. It cannot be used by the nominated driver for their own personal use.

    ", + "

    You can only have one vehicle tax exemption at any one time.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You claim the exemption when you apply for vehicle tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming for a vehicle for the first time, you have to claim at a Post Office. You must do this every time you change your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Vehicle tax reduction

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can get a 50% reduction in vehicle tax if you get the PIP standard rate mobility component.

    ", + "

    The vehicle should be registered in the disabled person\u2019s name or their nominated driver\u2019s name.

    ", + "

    You cannot get a reduction for getting the DLA lower rate mobility component.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You must include the following with your application:

    ", + "
  • a letter or statement from the Department for Work and Pensions that shows your PIP rate and the dates you\u2019re getting it
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle log book (V5C)
    • ", + "
  • a V10 form
    • ", + "
  • an original MOT or GVT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)
    • ", + "
  • a cheque or payable order (made out to \u2018DVLA, Swansea\u2019) for 50% of the full rate of car tax for the vehicle
    • ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (if you live in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    Do not send your PIP assessment or any other medical information with your application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve just bought the vehicle and it\u2019s not registered in your name yet, you\u2019ll need to complete a V62 form and include the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip from the log book with your application.

    ", + "

    Send the documents to:

    ", + "

    If the vehicle is not registered to you or the nominated driver

    ", + "

    When you make your application you will need to include a signed letter from the vehicle\u2019s registered keeper. This needs to say:

    ", + "
  • how they know you
    • ", + "
  • how the vehicle will be used, for example picking up your prescription or shopping
    • ", + "

    The Motability Scheme

    ", + "

    The Motability Scheme can help you with leasing a car, powered wheelchair or scooter. You\u2019ll need to be getting one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the higher rate of the mobility component of DLA
    • ", + "
  • War Pensioners\u2019 Mobility Supplement
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • the enhanced rate of the mobility component of PIP
    • ", + "

    VAT relief for vehicles

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay VAT on having a vehicle adapted to suit your condition, or on the lease of a Motability vehicle - this is known as VAT relief.

    ", + "

    Community and public transport

    ", + "

    Your local council may operate dial-a-ride or taxi schemes, for example, using vouchers or tokens. You may also be eligible for a bus pass, a Disabled Persons Railcard or both.

    ", + "

    Home and housing

    ", + "

    Direct Payments - arranging your own care and services

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been assessed by your local council as needing care and support services, you may want to choose Direct Payments. They allow you to buy in and arrange help yourself instead of receiving it directly from your local council.

    ", + "

    Disabled Facilities Grants

    ", + "

    Disabled Facilities Grants are local council grants. It helps towards the cost of essential adaptations to your home to enable you to continue to live there.

    ", + "

    Council Tax Disabled Band Reduction Scheme

    ", + "

    You may be entitled to a reduction in your Council Tax bill if your home has certain features that are essential to you living there.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to apply for Council Tax Disabled Band Reduction.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income

    ", + "

    Universal Credit

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit you could get help paying for your housing.

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit is being replaced by Universal Credit. Most people will need to claim Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible for Housing Benefit before you apply.

    ", + "

    You may also get a Council Tax Reduction from your local council.

    ", + "

    On a low income

    ", + "

    Universal Credit

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Universal Credit if you\u2019re on a low income or out of work.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim \u2018new style\u2019 JSA.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have worked as an employee and paid Class 1 National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years. National Insurance credits can also count.

    ", + "

    You will not be eligible if you were self-employed and only paid Class 2 National Insurance contributions, unless you were working as a share fisherman or a volunteer development worker.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to take reasonable steps to look for work.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible for \u2018new style\u2019 JSA.

    ", + "

    Blind Person\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    The Blind Person\u2019s Allowance allows you to receive an amount of income without having to pay tax. It\u2019s added to your personal tax allowance.

    ", + "

    Television licence discount

    ", + "

    You can get 50% off the cost of your TV licence if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re registered blind or severely sight impaired
    • ", + "
  • you live with someone who is registered blind or severely sight impaired
    • ", + "

    If the person who is registered blind is not the current licence holder for your address, you\u2019ll need to transfer the licence to their name.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • transfer the licence online - you\u2019ll need your licence number
    • ", + "
  • contact TV Licensing to transfer the licence
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To claim the TV licence concession for blind people, you\u2019ll need to get a certificate from your local authority or ophthalmologist stating that you are registered blind or severely sight impaired.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, the certificate or document must be issued by or on behalf of a Health and Social Services Trust. On the Isle of Man, it must be issued by or on behalf of the Department for Health and Social Services.

    ", + "

    Post a copy of the certificate along with your licence renewal notice - if you have one - and a cheque or postal order for the licence to:

    ", + "

    Remember to include your name, address, phone number and TV licence number, if you have one.

    ", + "

    VAT relief for disabled people

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled or have a long-term illness, you will not be charged VAT on products designed or adapted for your own personal or domestic use. Also, you will not be charged VAT on:

    ", + "
  • the installation and any extra work needed as part of this
    • ", + "
  • repairs or maintenance
    • ", + "
  • spare parts or accessories
    • ", + "

    The product and your disability have to qualify.

    ", + "

    Qualifying products or services

    ", + "

    Your supplier can tell you, but usually products designed or adapted for a disability qualify. For example, certain types of:

    ", + "
  • adjustable beds
    • ", + "
  • stair lifts
    • ", + "
  • wheelchairs
    • ", + "
  • medical appliances to help with severe injuries
    • ", + "
  • alarms
    • ", + "
  • braille paper or low vision aids - but not spectacles or contact lenses
    • ", + "
  • motor vehicles - or the leasing of a motability vehicle
    • ", + "
  • building work like ramps, widening doors, installing a lift or toilet
    • ", + "

    How to get the product VAT free

    ", + "

    To get the product VAT free your disability has to qualify. For VAT purposes, you\u2019re disabled or have a long-term illness if:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental impairment that affects your ability to carry out everyday activities, for example blindness
    • ", + "
  • you have a condition that\u2019s treated as chronic sickness, like diabetes
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re terminally ill
    • ", + "

    You do not qualify if you\u2019re elderly but not disabled, or if you\u2019re temporarily disabled.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to confirm in writing that you meet these conditions. Your supplier may give you a form for this.

    ", + "

    Help from your council

    ", + "

    You can apply to your council for equipment or help to adapt your home if you have a disability.

    ", + "

    Importing goods

    ", + "

    You do not pay VAT if you import qualifying goods that are for your own personal or domestic use. This includes certain goods for blind and partially sighted people.

    ", + "

    If you use a freight service they can help you with the paperwork, otherwise make sure the following is written on parcel, \u2018Goods for disabled people: relief claimed\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you bring them in yourself, declare them in the red channel at Customs. For any other method of import, contact the National Import Reliefs Unit.

    ", + "

    Work-related injuries or illness

    ", + "

    Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit

    ", + "

    You may be entitled to get Industrial Injuries Benefit if you\u2019re disabled as a result of:

    ", + "
  • an accident at work
    • ", + "
  • a disease
    • ", + "
  • deafness caused by work
    • ", + "

    Constant Attendance Allowance

    ", + "

    You can claim Constant Attendance Allowance if you need daily care and attention because of a disability and you claim Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit.

    ", + "

    Armed forces compensation

    ", + "

    You can claim for compensation if while serving in the armed forces:

    ", + "
  • you got an injury or illness
    • ", + "
  • an existing condition you had was made worse
    • ", + "

    Constant Attendance Allowance

    ", + "

    You can also apply for Constant Attendance Allowance if you need daily care for a disability.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/pip": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pip", + "title": "Personal Independence Payment (PIP)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nPersonal Independence Payment (PIP) can help you with some of the extra costs if you have a long term physical or mental health condition or disability.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThe amount you get depends on how your condition affects you, not the condition itself. You\u2019ll be assessed by a health professional to work out the level of help you can get.\n\nYour carer could get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you have substantial caring needs.\n\n## If you get Disability Living Allowance (DLA)\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) is being replaced by PIP for most adults. You\u2019ll keep getting DLA if:\n\n- you\u2019re under 16\n\n- you were born on or before 8 April 1948\n\nIf you were born after 8 April 1948, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will invite you to apply for PIP. You do not need to do anything until DWP writes to you about your DLA unless your circumstances change.\n\n## Help with PIP\n\nYou can contact a local support organisation or Citizens Advice to get help understanding PIP.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) whether you\u2019re working or not.\n\nYou must be aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age to claim.\n\nYou must also have a physical or mental health condition or disability where you:\n\n- have had difficulties with daily living or getting around (or both) for 3 months\n\n- expect these difficulties to continue for at least 9 months\n\nYou usually need to have lived in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years, and be in one of these countries when you apply. If you\u2019ve recently returned from living in an EEA country, you might be able to get PIP sooner.\n\nFind out about PIP if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re terminally ill and a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live.\n\nYou cannot get PIP and Armed Forces Independence Payment at the same time.\n\n## Daily living difficulties\n\nYou may get the daily living part of PIP if you need help more than half of the time with things like:\n\n- preparing or eating food\n\n- washing, bathing and using the toilet\n\n- dressing and undressing\n\n- reading and communicating\n\n- managing your medicines or treatments\n\n- making decisions about money\n\n- engaging with other people\n\n## Mobility difficulties\n\nYou may get the mobility part of PIP if you need help going out or moving around.\n\n## How you\u2019re assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll be assessed by an independent healthcare professional to work out the level of help you need.\n\n## If you\u2019ve reached State Pension age\n\nYou can get PIP if you:\n\n- were already getting PIP before you reached State Pension age and your condition has not changed\n\n- have been claiming Disability Living Allowance (DLA) and you\u2019ve had a letter inviting you to apply for PIP\n\nYou may get PIP if you previously got it and you were still entitled to it within the last year.\n\nIf you cannot get PIP, you can apply for Attendance Allowance instead.\n\n## Living abroad\n\nYou might still be able to get PIP if you:\n\n- live in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland - you can only get help with daily living needs\n\n- are a member or family member of the Armed Forces\n\n## If you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou must:\n\n- normally live in or show that you intend to settle in the UK, Ireland, the Isle of Man or the Channel Islands\n\n- not be subject to immigration control (unless you\u2019re a sponsored immigrant)\n\nYou might still be able to get PIP if you are a refugee or have humanitarian protection status.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nPersonal Independence Payment (PIP) is made up of 2 parts - a daily living part and a mobility part. Whether you get one or both of these and how much you\u2019ll get depends on how severely your condition affects you.\n\nYou\u2019ll need an assessment to work out how much you\u2019ll get. Your rate will be regularly reviewed to make sure you\u2019re getting the right support.\n\nPIP is tax free. The amount you get is not affected by your income or savings.\n\nYou need to tell DWP straight away if there\u2019s a change in your personal circumstances or how your condition affects you.\n\n## Daily living part\n\nThe weekly rate for the daily living part of PIP is either \u00a360.00 or \u00a389.60.\n\n## Mobility part\n\nThe weekly rate for the mobility part of PIP is either \u00a323.70 or \u00a362.55.\n\n## Terminal illness\n\nYou\u2019ll get the higher daily living part if you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months. The rate of the mobility part depends on your needs.\n\n## How other benefits affect your PIP\n\nThe daily living part of your PIP will be reduced if you get any of the following benefits:\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance\n\n- War Pensioners\u2019 Mobility Supplement\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nPIP is usually paid every 4 weeks.\n\nYour decision letter will tell you:\n\n- the date of your first payment\n\n- what day of the week you\u2019ll usually be paid\n\nIf your payment date is on a bank holiday, you\u2019ll usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Other help\n\nYou or your carer might also qualify for other financial help, for example Carer\u2019s Allowance, or help with housing or transport costs.\n\nIf you get PIP and you work, you might also be able to get the disability element of Working Tax Credit (up to \u00a33,220 a year, or up to \u00a34,610 if your disability is severe). Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to find out.\n\n## How to claim\n\nCall the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to make a new Personal Independence Payment (PIP) claim.\n\nThere is a different way to claim if you\u2019re terminally ill.\n\nFind out how to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Claim by telephone or textphone\n\nBefore you call, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your contact details, for example telephone number\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your National Insurance number - this is on letters about tax, pensions and benefits\n\n- your bank or building society account number and sort code\n\n- your doctor or health worker\u2019s name, address and telephone number\n\n- dates and addresses for any time you\u2019ve spent in a care home or hospital\n\n- dates for any time you spent abroad for more than 4 weeks at a time, and the countries you visited\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask DWP to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\n## Claim by post\n\nYou can get a form to send information by post (although this can delay the decision on your claim). Write a letter to ask for the form.\n\n## What happens next\n\n- You\u2019ll be sent a \u2018How your disability affects you\u2019 form. Call the PIP enquiry line if you need it in an alternative format such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n- Fill in the form using the notes that come with it to help you. You can also read Citizens Advice\u2019s help on filling in the form.\n\n- Return the form to DWP - the address is on the form. You have 1 month to return the form. DWP will start processing your claim when they receive your form. Contact the PIP enquiry line if you need more time.\n\n- If more information is needed, an independent health professional will send a letter inviting you to an assessment. Assessments can be in person, over the phone or by video call. You\u2019ll be asked questions about your ability to carry out activities and how your condition affects your daily life. You can read Citizens Advice\u2019s help on preparing for an assessment.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter that tells you whether you\u2019ll get PIP. If you do, you\u2019ll be told how much you\u2019ll get, when you\u2019ll be paid and the date your PIP will be reviewed so that you continue to get the right support.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you\u2019ll only be invited to attend an assessment in person if more information is needed and you cannot do an assessment by phone or video call. Your invitation letter will explain how to attend your appointment safely.\n\nYou cannot apply using any Disability Living Allowance (DLA) forms you may have.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## If your PIP claim is reviewed\n\nThe letter you got when your Personal Independence Payment (PIP) was approved will tell you when your claim will end and if it will be reviewed.\n\nIf your claim is going to be reviewed, the letter will tell you when you\u2019ll be contacted about the review.\n\n## How PIP reviews work\n\nYou will continue to get PIP while your claim is being reviewed.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter asking you to fill in a form called \u2018Award review - how your disability affects you\u2019.\n\n- Fill in the form using the notes that come with it.\n\n- Send the form and any supporting information you have not shared with the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) before - the form explains what to include and where to send it. You\u2019ll need to return it within 1 month. Contact the PIP enquiry line if you need more time.\n\n- DWP will review your form. If they need more information, an independent health professional might phone you to ask some questions or send a letter inviting you to an assessment. Assessments can be in person, over the phone or by video call.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter that tells you what will happen with your PIP. If your needs have changed, your PIP might be increased, reduced or stopped.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you\u2019ll only be invited to an assessment in person if more information is needed and you cannot do an assessment by phone or video call. Your invitation letter will explain how to attend your appointment safely.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nYou must contact the Personal Independence Payment (PIP) enquiry line if:\n\n- your personal details change, for example your name, address or doctor\n\n- the help you need or your condition changes\n\n- your condition has worsened and you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months\n\n- you go into hospital or a care home\n\n- you go abroad\n\n- you\u2019re imprisoned or held in detention\n\n- your immigration status changes, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## How to report a change of circumstances\n\nContact the PIP enquiry line to report a change of circumstances.\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## Claiming PIP if you're terminally ill\n\nYou can get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) more quickly if you\u2019re terminally ill.\n\nYou can claim PIP if:\n\n- your doctor or a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live\n\n- you are aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim for yourself or someone else can do it for you.\n\nCall DWP to start your PIP claim. Ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500. They\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to DWP.\n\nYou will not need to go to a face-to-face consultation.\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask DWP to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\nYou may be able to get other benefits if you\u2019re terminally ill.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Personal Independence Payment (PIP) can help you with some of the extra costs if you have a long term physical or mental health condition or disability.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    The amount you get depends on how your condition affects you, not the condition itself. You\u2019ll be assessed by a health professional to work out the level of help you can get.

    ", + "

    Your carer could get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you have substantial caring needs.

    ", + "

    If you get Disability Living Allowance (DLA)

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance (DLA) is being replaced by PIP for most adults. You\u2019ll keep getting DLA if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 16
    • ", + "
  • you were born on or before 8 April 1948
    • ", + "

    If you were born after 8 April 1948, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will invite you to apply for PIP. You do not need to do anything until DWP writes to you about your DLA unless your circumstances change.

    ", + "

    Help with PIP

    ", + "

    You can contact a local support organisation or Citizens Advice to get help understanding PIP.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) whether you\u2019re working or not.

    ", + "

    You must be aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age to claim.

    ", + "

    You must also have a physical or mental health condition or disability where you:

    ", + "
  • have had difficulties with daily living or getting around (or both) for 3 months
    • ", + "
  • expect these difficulties to continue for at least 9 months
    • ", + "

    You usually need to have lived in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years, and be in one of these countries when you apply. If you\u2019ve recently returned from living in an EEA country, you might be able to get PIP sooner.

    ", + "

    Find out about PIP if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you\u2019re terminally ill and a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live.

    ", + "

    You cannot get PIP and Armed Forces Independence Payment at the same time.

    ", + "

    Daily living difficulties

    ", + "

    You may get the daily living part of PIP if you need help more than half of the time with things like:

    ", + "
  • preparing or eating food
    • ", + "
  • washing, bathing and using the toilet
    • ", + "
  • dressing and undressing
    • ", + "
  • reading and communicating
    • ", + "
  • managing your medicines or treatments
    • ", + "
  • making decisions about money
    • ", + "
  • engaging with other people
    • ", + "

    Mobility difficulties

    ", + "

    You may get the mobility part of PIP if you need help going out or moving around.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re assessed

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be assessed by an independent healthcare professional to work out the level of help you need.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve reached State Pension age

    ", + "

    You can get PIP if you:

    ", + "
  • were already getting PIP before you reached State Pension age and your condition has not changed
    • ", + "
  • have been claiming Disability Living Allowance (DLA) and you\u2019ve had a letter inviting you to apply for PIP
    • ", + "

    You may get PIP if you previously got it and you were still entitled to it within the last year.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get PIP, you can apply for Attendance Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    Living abroad

    ", + "

    You might still be able to get PIP if you:

    ", + "
  • live in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland - you can only get help with daily living needs
    • ", + "
  • are a member or family member of the Armed Forces
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a British citizen

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • normally live in or show that you intend to settle in the UK, Ireland, the Isle of Man or the Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • not be subject to immigration control (unless you\u2019re a sponsored immigrant)
    • ", + "

    You might still be able to get PIP if you are a refugee or have humanitarian protection status.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    Personal Independence Payment (PIP) is made up of 2 parts - a daily living part and a mobility part. Whether you get one or both of these and how much you\u2019ll get depends on how severely your condition affects you.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need an assessment to work out how much you\u2019ll get. Your rate will be regularly reviewed to make sure you\u2019re getting the right support.

    ", + "

    PIP is tax free. The amount you get is not affected by your income or savings.

    ", + "

    You need to tell DWP straight away if there\u2019s a change in your personal circumstances or how your condition affects you.

    ", + "

    Daily living part

    ", + "

    The weekly rate for the daily living part of PIP is either \u00a360.00 or \u00a389.60.

    ", + "

    Mobility part

    ", + "

    The weekly rate for the mobility part of PIP is either \u00a323.70 or \u00a362.55.

    ", + "

    Terminal illness

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the higher daily living part if you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months. The rate of the mobility part depends on your needs.

    ", + "

    How other benefits affect your PIP

    ", + "

    The daily living part of your PIP will be reduced if you get any of the following benefits:

    ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • War Pensioners\u2019 Mobility Supplement
    • ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    PIP is usually paid every 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    Your decision letter will tell you:

    ", + "
  • the date of your first payment
    • ", + "
  • what day of the week you\u2019ll usually be paid
    • ", + "

    If your payment date is on a bank holiday, you\u2019ll usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Other help

    ", + "

    You or your carer might also qualify for other financial help, for example Carer\u2019s Allowance, or help with housing or transport costs.

    ", + "

    If you get PIP and you work, you might also be able to get the disability element of Working Tax Credit (up to \u00a33,220 a year, or up to \u00a34,610 if your disability is severe). Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to find out.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Call the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to make a new Personal Independence Payment (PIP) claim.

    ", + "

    There is a different way to claim if you\u2019re terminally ill.

    ", + "

    Find out how to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Claim by telephone or textphone

    ", + "

    Before you call, you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your contact details, for example telephone number
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number - this is on letters about tax, pensions and benefits
    • ", + "
  • your bank or building society account number and sort code
    • ", + "
  • your doctor or health worker\u2019s name, address and telephone number
    • ", + "
  • dates and addresses for any time you\u2019ve spent in a care home or hospital
    • ", + "
  • dates for any time you spent abroad for more than 4 weeks at a time, and the countries you visited
    • ", + "

    If you need someone to help you, ask DWP to add them to your call when you:

    ", + "
  • phone
    • ", + "
  • use Relay UK
    • ", + "
  • use the video relay service
    • ", + "

    You cannot do this if you use textphone.

    ", + "

    If you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.

    ", + "

    Claim by post

    ", + "

    You can get a form to send information by post (although this can delay the decision on your claim). Write a letter to ask for the form.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll be sent a \u2018How your disability affects you\u2019 form. Call the PIP enquiry line if you need it in an alternative format such as braille, large print or audio CD.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the form using the notes that come with it to help you. You can also read Citizens Advice\u2019s help on filling in the form.
    • ", + "
  • Return the form to DWP - the address is on the form. You have 1 month to return the form. DWP will start processing your claim when they receive your form. Contact the PIP enquiry line if you need more time.
    • ", + "
  • If more information is needed, an independent health professional will send a letter inviting you to an assessment. Assessments can be in person, over the phone or by video call. You\u2019ll be asked questions about your ability to carry out activities and how your condition affects your daily life. You can read Citizens Advice\u2019s help on preparing for an assessment.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a letter that tells you whether you\u2019ll get PIP. If you do, you\u2019ll be told how much you\u2019ll get, when you\u2019ll be paid and the date your PIP will be reviewed so that you continue to get the right support.
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you\u2019ll only be invited to attend an assessment in person if more information is needed and you cannot do an assessment by phone or video call. Your invitation letter will explain how to attend your appointment safely.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply using any Disability Living Allowance (DLA) forms you may have.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    If your PIP claim is reviewed

    ", + "

    The letter you got when your Personal Independence Payment (PIP) was approved will tell you when your claim will end and if it will be reviewed.

    ", + "

    If your claim is going to be reviewed, the letter will tell you when you\u2019ll be contacted about the review.

    ", + "

    How PIP reviews work

    ", + "

    You will continue to get PIP while your claim is being reviewed.

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a letter asking you to fill in a form called \u2018Award review - how your disability affects you\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the form using the notes that come with it.
    • ", + "
  • Send the form and any supporting information you have not shared with the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) before - the form explains what to include and where to send it. You\u2019ll need to return it within 1 month. Contact the PIP enquiry line if you need more time.
    • ", + "
  • DWP will review your form. If they need more information, an independent health professional might phone you to ask some questions or send a letter inviting you to an assessment. Assessments can be in person, over the phone or by video call.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a letter that tells you what will happen with your PIP. If your needs have changed, your PIP might be increased, reduced or stopped.
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you\u2019ll only be invited to an assessment in person if more information is needed and you cannot do an assessment by phone or video call. Your invitation letter will explain how to attend your appointment safely.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You must contact the Personal Independence Payment (PIP) enquiry line if:

    ", + "
  • your personal details change, for example your name, address or doctor
    • ", + "
  • the help you need or your condition changes
    • ", + "
  • your condition has worsened and you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • you go into hospital or a care home
    • ", + "
  • you go abroad
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re imprisoned or held in detention
    • ", + "
  • your immigration status changes, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    You could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.

    ", + "

    How to report a change of circumstances

    ", + "

    Contact the PIP enquiry line to report a change of circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you need someone to help you, ask the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to add them to your call when you:

    ", + "
  • phone
    • ", + "
  • use Relay UK
    • ", + "
  • use the video relay service
    • ", + "

    You cannot do this if you use textphone.

    ", + "

    If you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    ", + "

    Claiming PIP if you're terminally ill

    ", + "

    You can get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) more quickly if you\u2019re terminally ill.

    ", + "

    You can claim PIP if:

    ", + "
  • your doctor or a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live
    • ", + "
  • you are aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim for yourself or someone else can do it for you.

    ", + "

    Call DWP to start your PIP claim. Ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500. They\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to DWP.

    ", + "

    You will not need to go to a face-to-face consultation.

    ", + "

    If you need someone to help you, ask DWP to add them to your call when you:

    ", + "
  • phone
    • ", + "
  • use Relay UK
    • ", + "
  • use the video relay service
    • ", + "

    You cannot do this if you use textphone.

    ", + "

    If you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get other benefits if you\u2019re terminally ill.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/attendance-allowance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/attendance-allowance", + "title": "Attendance Allowance", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAttendance Allowance helps with extra costs if you have a disability severe enough that you need someone to help look after you.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIt\u2019s paid at 2 different rates and how much you get depends on the level of care that you need because of your disability.\n\nYou could get \u00a360 or \u00a389.60 a week to help with personal support if you\u2019re both:\n\n- physically or mentally disabled\n\n- State Pension age or older\n\nIt does not cover mobility needs.\n\nThe other benefits you get can increase if you get Attendance Allowance.\n\nYou do not have to have someone caring for you in order to claim.\n\nIf you do have a carer, they could get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you have substantial caring needs.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nAttendance Allowance is paid weekly at 2 different rates - the one you get depends on the level of help you need.\n\nAttendance Allowance is not means-tested - what you earn or how much you have in savings will not affect what you get.\n\n## Attendance Allowance rates\n\n| Rate | Level of help you need |\n\n| Lower rate - \u00a360 | Frequent help or constant supervision during the day, or supervision at night |\n\n| Higher rate - \u00a389.60 | Help or supervision throughout both day and night, or you\u2019re terminally ill |\n\nIf your circumstances change, you could get a different rate. You must report a change of circumstances.\n\nYou could get extra Pension Credit, Housing Benefit or Council Tax Reduction if you get Attendance Allowance - check with the helpline or office dealing with your benefit.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get Attendance Allowance if you\u2019ve reached State Pension age and the following apply:\n\n- you have a physical disability (including sensory disability, for example blindness), a mental disability (including learning difficulties), or both\n\n- your disability is severe enough for you to need help caring for yourself or someone to supervise you, for your own or someone else\u2019s safety\n\n- you have needed that help for at least 6 months (unless you\u2019re terminally ill)\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be in Great Britain when you claim - there are some exceptions, such as members and family members of the armed forces\n\n- have been in Great Britain for at least 2 of the last 3 years (this does not apply if you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection status)\n\n- be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands\n\n- not be subject to immigration control (unless you\u2019re a sponsored immigrant)\n\n## If you live in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nYou might still be able to get Attendance Allowance if you\u2019re a UK national and you live in or move to the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland.\n\nRead guidance to find out if you can get benefits in the EU, EEA or Switzerland.\n\n## If you\u2019re terminally ill\n\nIf you\u2019re not expected to live for more than 6 months, there are \u2018special rules\u2019:\n\n- there\u2019s no qualifying period for how long you\u2019ve had your illness\n\n- if you\u2019re eligible, you\u2019ll automatically get the higher rate of Attendance Allowance\n\n## If you\u2019re in a care home\n\nYou cannot usually get Attendance Allowance if you live in a care home and your care is paid for by your local authority. You can still claim Attendance Allowance if you pay for all your care home costs yourself.\n\n## If you need an assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll only need to attend an assessment to check your eligibility if it\u2019s unclear how your illness or disability affects you.\n\nIf you do need an assessment you\u2019ll get a letter saying why and where you must go. During the assessment, a healthcare professional will need to examine you.\n\nYou cannot get Attendance Allowance if you already get Disability Living Allowance (DLA) or Personal Independence Payment (PIP).\n\n## How to claim\n\nUse the Attendance Allowance claim form to apply by post. The form comes with notes telling you how to fill it in.\n\nSend the completed form to:\n\nYou do not need a postcode or a stamp.\n\nCall the Attendance Allowance helpline to ask for:\n\n- a copy of the form\n\n- alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD\n\n## Backdating your claim\n\nAttendance Allowance can be backdated to the date of your claim. This is usually the date your form is received or the date you call the enquiry line (if you then return the claim pack within 6 weeks).\n\n## If you\u2019re terminally ill (\u2018special rules\u2019)\n\nThere are \u2018special rules\u2019 so you get Attendance Allowance more quickly if you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months. You must:\n\n- complete an Attendance Allowance form\n\n- ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500 - they\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to DWP\n\nYou can do this on behalf of someone else without their permission. The letter about the money awarded will not mention \u2018special rules\u2019.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Complaints\n\nYou can complain to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you\u2019ve received.\n\n## Report a change in circumstances\n\nYour circumstances can affect how much Attendance Allowance you get.\n\nYou must contact the Attendance Allowance helpline straight away if:\n\n- the level of help you need or your condition changes\n\n- you go into hospital or a care home\n\n- you leave the country for more than 4 weeks\n\n- you go into prison\n\n- you change your name, address or bank details\n\n- you want to stop receiving your benefit\n\n- your doctor\u2019s details change\n\n- your immigration status changes, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Attendance Allowance helps with extra costs if you have a disability severe enough that you need someone to help look after you.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    It\u2019s paid at 2 different rates and how much you get depends on the level of care that you need because of your disability.

    ", + "

    You could get \u00a360 or \u00a389.60 a week to help with personal support if you\u2019re both:

    ", + "
  • physically or mentally disabled
    • ", + "
  • State Pension age or older
    • ", + "

    It does not cover mobility needs.

    ", + "

    The other benefits you get can increase if you get Attendance Allowance.

    ", + "

    You do not have to have someone caring for you in order to claim.

    ", + "

    If you do have a carer, they could get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you have substantial caring needs.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Attendance Allowance is paid weekly at 2 different rates - the one you get depends on the level of help you need.

    ", + "

    Attendance Allowance is not means-tested - what you earn or how much you have in savings will not affect what you get.

    ", + "

    Attendance Allowance rates

    ", + "Rate | Level of help you need", + "Lower rate - \u00a360 | Frequent help or constant supervision during the day, or supervision at night", + "Higher rate - \u00a389.60 | Help or supervision throughout both day and night, or you\u2019re terminally ill", + "

    If your circumstances change, you could get a different rate. You must report a change of circumstances.

    ", + "

    You could get extra Pension Credit, Housing Benefit or Council Tax Reduction if you get Attendance Allowance - check with the helpline or office dealing with your benefit.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    All benefits are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can get Attendance Allowance if you\u2019ve reached State Pension age and the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical disability (including sensory disability, for example blindness), a mental disability (including learning difficulties), or both
    • ", + "
  • your disability is severe enough for you to need help caring for yourself or someone to supervise you, for your own or someone else\u2019s safety
    • ", + "
  • you have needed that help for at least 6 months (unless you\u2019re terminally ill)
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be in Great Britain when you claim - there are some exceptions, such as members and family members of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • have been in Great Britain for at least 2 of the last 3 years (this does not apply if you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection status)
    • ", + "
  • be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • not be subject to immigration control (unless you\u2019re a sponsored immigrant)
    • ", + "

    If you live in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    You might still be able to get Attendance Allowance if you\u2019re a UK national and you live in or move to the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Read guidance to find out if you can get benefits in the EU, EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re terminally ill

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not expected to live for more than 6 months, there are \u2018special rules\u2019:

    ", + "
  • there\u2019s no qualifying period for how long you\u2019ve had your illness
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re eligible, you\u2019ll automatically get the higher rate of Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a care home

    ", + "

    You cannot usually get Attendance Allowance if you live in a care home and your care is paid for by your local authority. You can still claim Attendance Allowance if you pay for all your care home costs yourself.

    ", + "

    If you need an assessment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only need to attend an assessment to check your eligibility if it\u2019s unclear how your illness or disability affects you.

    ", + "

    If you do need an assessment you\u2019ll get a letter saying why and where you must go. During the assessment, a healthcare professional will need to examine you.

    ", + "

    You cannot get Attendance Allowance if you already get Disability Living Allowance (DLA) or Personal Independence Payment (PIP).

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Use the Attendance Allowance claim form to apply by post. The form comes with notes telling you how to fill it in.

    ", + "

    Send the completed form to:

    ", + "

    You do not need a postcode or a stamp.

    ", + "

    Call the Attendance Allowance helpline to ask for:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the form
    • ", + "
  • alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD
    • ", + "

    Backdating your claim

    ", + "

    Attendance Allowance can be backdated to the date of your claim. This is usually the date your form is received or the date you call the enquiry line (if you then return the claim pack within 6 weeks).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re terminally ill (\u2018special rules\u2019)

    ", + "

    There are \u2018special rules\u2019 so you get Attendance Allowance more quickly if you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months. You must:

    ", + "
  • complete an Attendance Allowance form
    • ", + "
  • ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500 - they\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to DWP
    • ", + "

    You can do this on behalf of someone else without their permission. The letter about the money awarded will not mention \u2018special rules\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you\u2019ve received.

    ", + "

    Report a change in circumstances

    ", + "

    Your circumstances can affect how much Attendance Allowance you get.

    ", + "

    You must contact the Attendance Allowance helpline straight away if:

    ", + "
  • the level of help you need or your condition changes
    • ", + "
  • you go into hospital or a care home
    • ", + "
  • you leave the country for more than 4 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you go into prison
    • ", + "
  • you change your name, address or bank details
    • ", + "
  • you want to stop receiving your benefit
    • ", + "
  • your doctor\u2019s details change
    • ", + "
  • your immigration status changes, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    You could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-injuries-disablement-benefit": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-injuries-disablement-benefit", + "title": "Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou might get Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) if you became ill or are disabled because of an accident or disease either:\n\n- at work\n\n- on an approved employment training scheme or course\n\nThe amount you may get depends on your individual circumstances.\n\nYour carer could get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you have substantial caring needs.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe level of your disability will affect the amount of benefit you may get. This will be assessed by a \u2018medical advisor\u2019 on a scale of 1 to 100%.\n\nNormally you must be assessed as 14% disabled or more to get the benefit.\n\nAll amounts are a guide only.\n\n| Assessed level of disablement | Weekly amount |\n\n| 100% | \u00a3182.90 |\n\n| 90% | \u00a3164.61 |\n\n| 80% | \u00a3146.32 |\n\n| 70% | \u00a3128.03 |\n\n| 60% | \u00a3109.74 |\n\n| 50% | \u00a391.45 |\n\n| 40% | \u00a373.16 |\n\n| 30% | \u00a354.87 |\n\n| 20% | \u00a336.58 |\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## Accidents\n\nYou may be able to claim Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) if:\n\n- you were employed when the accident or event happened\n\n- you were on an approved employment training scheme or course when the accident or event happened\n\n- the work accident or event that caused your illness or disability happened in England, Scotland or Wales\n\nThere are some exceptions you can ask your regional Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit Centre about.\n\n## Diseases\n\nYou can claim IIDB if you were employed in a job or were on an approved employment training scheme or course that caused your disease. The scheme covers more than 70 diseases, including:\n\n- asthma\n\n- chronic bronchitis or emphysema - also known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)\n\n- deafness\n\n- pneumoconiosis (including silicosis and asbestosis)\n\n- osteoarthritis of the knee in coal miners\n\n- prescribed disease A11 (previously known as vibration white finger)\n\n- Dupuytren\u2019s contracture\n\nThe scheme also covers asbestos related diseases including:\n\n- pneumoconiosis (asbestosis)\n\n- diffuse mesothelioma\n\n- primary carcinoma of the lung with asbestosis\n\n- primary carcinoma of the lung without asbestosis but where there has been extensive occupational exposure to asbestos in specified occupations\n\n- unilateral or bilateral diffuse pleural thickening\n\nYou can get a full list of illnesses from your regional Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit centre.\n\nYou cannot claim Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit if you were self-employed.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou\u2019ll need to fill in and post a claim form.\n\nThe form comes with notes that:\n\n- help you fill it in\n\n- tell you where to send it\n\n## Download and print a claim form\n\nTo claim for:\n\n- accidents caused by work, use form BI100A\n\n- diseases caused by work, use form BI100PD\n\n## Request a claim form by phone\n\nYou can also ask Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) Centre to send you a claim form.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## After you send your form\n\nYour claim will be assessed using the information provided in your claim form, or at a face to face medical assessment.\n\nThe Centre for Health and Disability Assessments (CHDA) will contact you if you need a face to face medical assessment. They\u2019ll send you information about what to expect at the appointment. Read the guidance on how to attend your face to face assessment safely because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou will not need to attend a face to face assessment if you\u2019re terminally ill or you have any of the following diseases:\n\n- diffuse mesothelioma\n\n- angiosarcoma of the liver due to exposure to vinyl chloride monomer\n\n- primary carcinoma of the bronchus or lung through exposure to arsenic\n\n- primary carcinoma of the bronchus or lung through exposure to Nickel/Nickel compounds\n\n- primary carcinoma of the lung where there is accompanying evidence of asbestosis\n\n- primary carcinoma of the lung, through exposure to asbestos\n\n- primary carcinoma of the lung, linked to tin and other specified chemicals or work with coke ovens\n\n- primary carcinoma of the lung where there is accompanying silicosis\n\nThe assessment of your claim may be delayed because of coronavirus. When your claim is considered, your IIDB payments will be backdated to the date DWP received your claim form.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## If your IIDB payments are reviewed\n\nIf your IIDB payments were due to be reviewed, they will automatically be extended for 6 months because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You will not have to pay back any IIDB you get.\n\nDWP will write to you to tell you that your payments are being extended.\n\nIf you were given a \u2018final award\u2019 and your payments are for a limited time, they will not be extended. If the condition for which you\u2019re getting IIDB has changed, you should report the change to DWP.\n\n## Illnesses that may still be reviewed\n\nYour payments may still be reviewed if you are terminally ill or you have any of the following:\n\n- diffuse mesothelioma\n\n- angiosarcoma of the liver due to exposure to vinyl chloride monomer\n\n- primary carcinoma of the bronchus or lung through exposure to arsenic\n\n- primary carcinoma of the bronchus or lung through exposure to Nickel/Nickel compounds\n\n- primary carcinoma of the lung where there is accompanying evidence of asbestosis\n\n- primary carcinoma of the lung, through exposure to asbestos\n\n- primary carcinoma of the lung, linked to tin and other specified chemicals or work with coke ovens\n\n- primary carcinoma of the lung where there is accompanying silicosis\n\nDWP will write to you to tell you if your payments will be reviewed.\n\n## Report a change in circumstances\n\nYou, or the person who claims on your behalf, must tell the office that deals with your payments about any changes to your circumstances or personal details. Let them know straight away if:\n\n- the condition for which you\u2019re getting benefit improves or gets worse\n\n- you change your name or gender\n\n- you get married or form a civil partnership\n\n- you change your address\n\n- you leave the country\n\n- you go into prison\n\n- your immigration status changes, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou must also report these if you receive Unemployability Supplement, which topped up Industrial Disablement Supplement until 1987.\n\nThere will be a delay in assessing your change of circumstances because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Any changes to your payments will be backdated to when you reported the change.\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit Centres\n\nBarrow IIDB Centre\n\nBarnsley IIDB Centre\n\nBradford IIDB Centre\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## Further information\n\n## Other benefits you may be able to get\n\n## Constant Attendance Allowance (CAA)\n\nYou can claim CAA for accidents where your disability is assessed at 100% and you need daily care and attention.\n\nThe CAA rate you\u2019re paid is based on an assessment of your needs.\n\n## Exceptionally Severe Disablement Allowance\n\nYou can claim \u00a373.20 paid in addition to the CAA rates, if you\u2019re assessed at one of the top 2 rates of CAA and need permanent, constant care and attention.\n\n## Reduced Earnings Allowance (REA)\n\nYou may get REA if:\n\n- you cannot do your usual job or other work with similar pay because of an accident or disease caused by work\n\n- you have a disability or injury which began before 1 October 1990\n\n## Pneumoconiosis Etc. (Workers\u2019 Compensation) Act 1979\n\nJobcentre Plus may pay you a lump sum if you have one of the following diseases:\n\n- pneumoconiosis\n\n- byssinosis\n\n- diffuse mesothelioma\n\n- bilateral diffuse pleural thickening\n\n- primary carcinoma of the lung when accompanied by asbestosis or bilateral diffuse pleural thickening\n\nTo get a payment you must meet all the following conditions:\n\n- your dust-related disease must have been caused by your employment\n\n- you\u2019re getting Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit for one of the listed diseases\n\n- you must claim within 12 months of the decision awarding Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit\n\n- you cannot or have not taken civil action because your former employer has stopped trading\n\n- you have not brought a court action or received compensation from an employer in respect of the disease\n\nYou may be able to make a claim if you\u2019re the dependant of someone who suffered from a dust-related disease but who has died. A dependant claim must be made within 12 months of the death of the sufferer.\n\n## Diffuse mesothelioma payment\n\nYou may still be able to get a payment for an asbestos-related illness if you are not eligible for compensation under the Pneumoconiosis etc (Workers\u2019 Compensation) Act 1979.\n\nYou can claim for the \u20182008 scheme\u2019 if you came into contact with asbestos:\n\n- while you were self employed\n\n- through a family member, for example by washing their clothes\n\nThere\u2019s a different payment scheme if you were diagnosed with diffuse mesothelioma on or after 25 July 2012. You can apply for this even if you\u2019ve claimed compensation under the Pneumoconiosis etc (Workers\u2019 Compensation) Act 1979.\n\n## Effects on other benefits\n\nYou can still get Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) if you\u2019re claiming:\n\n- contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Incapacity Benefit\n\n- contribution-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- State Pension\n\nIIDB will affect the following benefits if you or your partner are claiming them:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Working Tax Credit\n\n- Universal Credit\n\nIt may also affect Council Tax Reduction - contact your local council for more information.\n\n## Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit Centres\n\nBarrow IIDB Centre\n\nBarnsley IIDB Centre\n\nBradford IIDB Centre", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might get Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) if you became ill or are disabled because of an accident or disease either:

    ", + "
  • at work
    • ", + "
  • on an approved employment training scheme or course
    • ", + "

    The amount you may get depends on your individual circumstances.

    ", + "

    Your carer could get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you have substantial caring needs.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The level of your disability will affect the amount of benefit you may get. This will be assessed by a \u2018medical advisor\u2019 on a scale of 1 to 100%.

    ", + "

    Normally you must be assessed as 14% disabled or more to get the benefit.

    ", + "

    All amounts are a guide only.

    ", + "Assessed level of disablement | Weekly amount", + "100% | \u00a3182.90", + "90% | \u00a3164.61", + "80% | \u00a3146.32", + "70% | \u00a3128.03", + "60% | \u00a3109.74", + "50% | \u00a391.45", + "40% | \u00a373.16", + "30% | \u00a354.87", + "20% | \u00a336.58", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Accidents

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) if:

    ", + "
  • you were employed when the accident or event happened
    • ", + "
  • you were on an approved employment training scheme or course when the accident or event happened
    • ", + "
  • the work accident or event that caused your illness or disability happened in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "

    There are some exceptions you can ask your regional Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit Centre about.

    ", + "

    Diseases

    ", + "

    You can claim IIDB if you were employed in a job or were on an approved employment training scheme or course that caused your disease. The scheme covers more than 70 diseases, including:

    ", + "
  • asthma
    • ", + "
  • chronic bronchitis or emphysema - also known as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
    • ", + "
  • deafness
    • ", + "
  • pneumoconiosis (including silicosis and asbestosis)
    • ", + "
  • osteoarthritis of the knee in coal miners
    • ", + "
  • prescribed disease A11 (previously known as vibration white finger)
    • ", + "
  • Dupuytren\u2019s contracture
    • ", + "

    The scheme also covers asbestos related diseases including:

    ", + "
  • pneumoconiosis (asbestosis)
    • ", + "
  • diffuse mesothelioma
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung with asbestosis
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung without asbestosis but where there has been extensive occupational exposure to asbestos in specified occupations
    • ", + "
  • unilateral or bilateral diffuse pleural thickening
    • ", + "

    You can get a full list of illnesses from your regional Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit centre.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit if you were self-employed.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to fill in and post a claim form.

    ", + "

    The form comes with notes that:

    ", + "
  • help you fill it in
    • ", + "
  • tell you where to send it
    • ", + "

    Download and print a claim form

    ", + "

    To claim for:

    ", + "
  • accidents caused by work, use form BI100A
    • ", + "
  • diseases caused by work, use form BI100PD
    • ", + "

    Request a claim form by phone

    ", + "

    You can also ask Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) Centre to send you a claim form.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    After you send your form

    ", + "

    Your claim will be assessed using the information provided in your claim form, or at a face to face medical assessment.

    ", + "

    The Centre for Health and Disability Assessments (CHDA) will contact you if you need a face to face medical assessment. They\u2019ll send you information about what to expect at the appointment. Read the guidance on how to attend your face to face assessment safely because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You will not need to attend a face to face assessment if you\u2019re terminally ill or you have any of the following diseases:

    ", + "
  • diffuse mesothelioma
    • ", + "
  • angiosarcoma of the liver due to exposure to vinyl chloride monomer
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the bronchus or lung through exposure to arsenic
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the bronchus or lung through exposure to Nickel/Nickel compounds
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung where there is accompanying evidence of asbestosis
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung, through exposure to asbestos
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung, linked to tin and other specified chemicals or work with coke ovens
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung where there is accompanying silicosis
    • ", + "

    The assessment of your claim may be delayed because of coronavirus. When your claim is considered, your IIDB payments will be backdated to the date DWP received your claim form.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    If your IIDB payments are reviewed

    ", + "

    If your IIDB payments were due to be reviewed, they will automatically be extended for 6 months because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You will not have to pay back any IIDB you get.

    ", + "

    DWP will write to you to tell you that your payments are being extended.

    ", + "

    If you were given a \u2018final award\u2019 and your payments are for a limited time, they will not be extended. If the condition for which you\u2019re getting IIDB has changed, you should report the change to DWP.

    ", + "

    Illnesses that may still be reviewed

    ", + "

    Your payments may still be reviewed if you are terminally ill or you have any of the following:

    ", + "
  • diffuse mesothelioma
    • ", + "
  • angiosarcoma of the liver due to exposure to vinyl chloride monomer
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the bronchus or lung through exposure to arsenic
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the bronchus or lung through exposure to Nickel/Nickel compounds
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung where there is accompanying evidence of asbestosis
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung, through exposure to asbestos
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung, linked to tin and other specified chemicals or work with coke ovens
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung where there is accompanying silicosis
    • ", + "

    DWP will write to you to tell you if your payments will be reviewed.

    ", + "

    Report a change in circumstances

    ", + "

    You, or the person who claims on your behalf, must tell the office that deals with your payments about any changes to your circumstances or personal details. Let them know straight away if:

    ", + "
  • the condition for which you\u2019re getting benefit improves or gets worse
    • ", + "
  • you change your name or gender
    • ", + "
  • you get married or form a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you change your address
    • ", + "
  • you leave the country
    • ", + "
  • you go into prison
    • ", + "
  • your immigration status changes, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    You must also report these if you receive Unemployability Supplement, which topped up Industrial Disablement Supplement until 1987.

    ", + "

    There will be a delay in assessing your change of circumstances because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Any changes to your payments will be backdated to when you reported the change.

    ", + "

    You could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit Centres

    ", + "

    Barrow IIDB Centre

    ", + "

    Barnsley IIDB Centre

    ", + "

    Bradford IIDB Centre

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Other benefits you may be able to get

    ", + "

    Constant Attendance Allowance (CAA)

    ", + "

    You can claim CAA for accidents where your disability is assessed at 100% and you need daily care and attention.

    ", + "

    The CAA rate you\u2019re paid is based on an assessment of your needs.

    ", + "

    Exceptionally Severe Disablement Allowance

    ", + "

    You can claim \u00a373.20 paid in addition to the CAA rates, if you\u2019re assessed at one of the top 2 rates of CAA and need permanent, constant care and attention.

    ", + "

    Reduced Earnings Allowance (REA)

    ", + "

    You may get REA if:

    ", + "
  • you cannot do your usual job or other work with similar pay because of an accident or disease caused by work
    • ", + "
  • you have a disability or injury which began before 1 October 1990
    • ", + "

    Pneumoconiosis Etc. (Workers\u2019 Compensation) Act 1979

    ", + "

    Jobcentre Plus may pay you a lump sum if you have one of the following diseases:

    ", + "
  • pneumoconiosis
    • ", + "
  • byssinosis
    • ", + "
  • diffuse mesothelioma
    • ", + "
  • bilateral diffuse pleural thickening
    • ", + "
  • primary carcinoma of the lung when accompanied by asbestosis or bilateral diffuse pleural thickening
    • ", + "

    To get a payment you must meet all the following conditions:

    ", + "
  • your dust-related disease must have been caused by your employment
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re getting Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit for one of the listed diseases
    • ", + "
  • you must claim within 12 months of the decision awarding Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit
    • ", + "
  • you cannot or have not taken civil action because your former employer has stopped trading
    • ", + "
  • you have not brought a court action or received compensation from an employer in respect of the disease
    • ", + "

    You may be able to make a claim if you\u2019re the dependant of someone who suffered from a dust-related disease but who has died. A dependant claim must be made within 12 months of the death of the sufferer.

    ", + "

    Diffuse mesothelioma payment

    ", + "

    You may still be able to get a payment for an asbestos-related illness if you are not eligible for compensation under the Pneumoconiosis etc (Workers\u2019 Compensation) Act 1979.

    ", + "

    You can claim for the \u20182008 scheme\u2019 if you came into contact with asbestos:

    ", + "
  • while you were self employed
    • ", + "
  • through a family member, for example by washing their clothes
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different payment scheme if you were diagnosed with diffuse mesothelioma on or after 25 July 2012. You can apply for this even if you\u2019ve claimed compensation under the Pneumoconiosis etc (Workers\u2019 Compensation) Act 1979.

    ", + "

    Effects on other benefits

    ", + "

    You can still get Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) if you\u2019re claiming:

    ", + "
  • contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "
  • contribution-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • State Pension
    • ", + "

    IIDB will affect the following benefits if you or your partner are claiming them:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    It may also affect Council Tax Reduction - contact your local council for more information.

    ", + "

    Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit Centres

    ", + "

    Barrow IIDB Centre

    ", + "

    Barnsley IIDB Centre

    ", + "

    Bradford IIDB Centre

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/claim-for-injury-received-while-serving": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-for-injury-received-while-serving", + "title": "Claim if you were injured while serving in the armed forces", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can claim compensation if you were injured or got an illness while serving in the armed forces (including the reserve forces).\n\nCompensation may include:\n\n- a lump sum\n\n- regular payments\n\n## What you can claim for\n\nYou can claim compensation for any injury or illness that happened as a result of your service, including physical and mental conditions.\n\nYou can also claim:\n\n- if you were injured during a service-related activity, eg a training exercise\n\n- for conditions you had before service if you feel your service made them worse\n\n## If you\u2019re a victim of crime while serving abroad\n\nFind out if you qualify for the Criminal Injuries Compensation (Overseas) scheme if you were the victim of a violent crime while serving abroad.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe compensation you get depends on either:\n\n- when you were injured\n\n- when the circumstances happened that caused your illness\n\nWhat you get might be reduced if you\u2019re getting compensation from another scheme.\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service after 5 April 2005\n\nIf your claim is successful, you\u2019ll get a tax-free lump sum payment between \u00a31,236 and \u00a3650,000. The amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.\n\n## If you have a more serious illness or injury\n\nYou may also receive a tax-free monthly payment for life when you\u2019re discharged - sometimes known as a Guaranteed Income Payment (GIP).\n\nThe GIP is based on your salary, age and how severe your injury is.\n\nIf your GIP payment level is 50% of your salary or more, you can also claim an Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP).\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\nIf your claim is successful, you\u2019ll be awarded either:\n\n- a pension - if your disability is assessed at 20% or more\n\n- a lump sum - if your disability is assessed at less than 20%\n\nThe amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.\n\nYou might also be able to get other allowances if you\u2019re having problems getting around or finding a job.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThe rules for qualifying are different depending on when you were injured.\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service after 5 April 2005\n\nClaim under the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme (AFCS).\n\nTo qualify you must be:\n\n- a current or former member of the armed forces\n\n- applying no later than 7 years after the injury or illness, unless you\u2019re claiming for an illness that started later (sometimes known as a \u2018late onset illness\u2019)\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\nClaim under the War Pension Scheme (WPS).\n\nThere are no time limits for claiming under the WPS but you must be no longer serving in the armed forces.\n\n## How to claim\n\nFill in the claim form and send it to the address on the form.\n\nIt\u2019s the same claim form for the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme (AFCS) and War Pension Scheme (WPS).\n\nYou can ask the Veterans Welfare Service (VWS) for help with making your claim.\n\nYou may be contacted for more evidence in support of your claim.\n\nYou may be able to apply for a \u2018fast payment\u2019 of \u00a360,000 if you were seriously injured during service after 8 May 2011.\n\n## If you disagree with the decision on your claim\n\nYou can write to Veterans UK to ask them reconsider their decision.\n\nYou can also appeal to an independent tribunal within 12 months.\n\n## Additional payments\n\nYou can apply for a Personal Independence Payment (PIP) while your compensation claim is being dealt with.\n\nYou might also be able to get:\n\n- other allowances if your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\n- an Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP) if you were seriously injured on or after 6 April 2005\n\n## Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve had the result of your compensation claim, you might be able to claim AFIP if you\u2019ve been seriously injured.\n\nAFIP is \u00a3151.40 per week. It\u2019s tax free and is paid every 4 weeks into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019re eligible if both of the following apply:\n\n- you were injured on or after 6 April 2005\n\n- you\u2019re given a Guaranteed Income Payment (GIP) of 50% or more\n\nYou\u2019ll get the payment as long as you\u2019re entitled to this level of GIP. You won\u2019t be reassessed in the future.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for AFIP, you can get a PIP if you have a long-term health condition or disability.\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact Veterans UK for a claim form. There\u2019s no deadline.\n\n## Claiming other benefits with AFIP\n\nIf you get AFIP you might be eligible for other benefits, eg Child Tax Credit.\n\nAFIP is not counted as income when working out your what other benefits you can claim.\n\nYour household is exempt from the benefit cap if you or your partner are getting AFIP.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can claim compensation if you were injured or got an illness while serving in the armed forces (including the reserve forces).

    ", + "

    Compensation may include:

    ", + "
  • a lump sum
    • ", + "
  • regular payments
    • ", + "

    What you can claim for

    ", + "

    You can claim compensation for any injury or illness that happened as a result of your service, including physical and mental conditions.

    ", + "

    You can also claim:

    ", + "
  • if you were injured during a service-related activity, eg a training exercise
    • ", + "
  • for conditions you had before service if you feel your service made them worse
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim of crime while serving abroad

    ", + "

    Find out if you qualify for the Criminal Injuries Compensation (Overseas) scheme if you were the victim of a violent crime while serving abroad.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The compensation you get depends on either:

    ", + "
  • when you were injured
    • ", + "
  • when the circumstances happened that caused your illness
    • ", + "

    What you get might be reduced if you\u2019re getting compensation from another scheme.

    ", + "

    If your injury or illness is due to service after 5 April 2005

    ", + "

    If your claim is successful, you\u2019ll get a tax-free lump sum payment between \u00a31,236 and \u00a3650,000. The amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.

    ", + "

    If you have a more serious illness or injury

    ", + "

    You may also receive a tax-free monthly payment for life when you\u2019re discharged - sometimes known as a Guaranteed Income Payment (GIP).

    ", + "

    The GIP is based on your salary, age and how severe your injury is.

    ", + "

    If your GIP payment level is 50% of your salary or more, you can also claim an Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP).

    ", + "

    If your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005

    ", + "

    If your claim is successful, you\u2019ll be awarded either:

    ", + "
  • a pension - if your disability is assessed at 20% or more
    • ", + "
  • a lump sum - if your disability is assessed at less than 20%
    • ", + "

    The amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to get other allowances if you\u2019re having problems getting around or finding a job.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    The rules for qualifying are different depending on when you were injured.

    ", + "

    If your injury or illness is due to service after 5 April 2005

    ", + "

    Claim under the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme (AFCS).

    ", + "

    To qualify you must be:

    ", + "
  • a current or former member of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • applying no later than 7 years after the injury or illness, unless you\u2019re claiming for an illness that started later (sometimes known as a \u2018late onset illness\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005

    ", + "

    Claim under the War Pension Scheme (WPS).

    ", + "

    There are no time limits for claiming under the WPS but you must be no longer serving in the armed forces.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Fill in the claim form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s the same claim form for the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme (AFCS) and War Pension Scheme (WPS).

    ", + "

    You can ask the Veterans Welfare Service (VWS) for help with making your claim.

    ", + "

    You may be contacted for more evidence in support of your claim.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a \u2018fast payment\u2019 of \u00a360,000 if you were seriously injured during service after 8 May 2011.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the decision on your claim

    ", + "

    You can write to Veterans UK to ask them reconsider their decision.

    ", + "

    You can also appeal to an independent tribunal within 12 months.

    ", + "

    Additional payments

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Personal Independence Payment (PIP) while your compensation claim is being dealt with.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to get:

    ", + "
  • other allowances if your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005
    • ", + "
  • an Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP) if you were seriously injured on or after 6 April 2005
    • ", + "

    Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP)

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve had the result of your compensation claim, you might be able to claim AFIP if you\u2019ve been seriously injured.

    ", + "

    AFIP is \u00a3151.40 per week. It\u2019s tax free and is paid every 4 weeks into your bank account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You\u2019re eligible if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were injured on or after 6 April 2005
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re given a Guaranteed Income Payment (GIP) of 50% or more
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the payment as long as you\u2019re entitled to this level of GIP. You won\u2019t be reassessed in the future.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for AFIP, you can get a PIP if you have a long-term health condition or disability.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Contact Veterans UK for a claim form. There\u2019s no deadline.

    ", + "

    Claiming other benefits with AFIP

    ", + "

    If you get AFIP you might be eligible for other benefits, eg Child Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    AFIP is not counted as income when working out your what other benefits you can claim.

    ", + "

    Your household is exempt from the benefit cap if you or your partner are getting AFIP.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/diffuse-mesothelioma-payment": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/diffuse-mesothelioma-payment", + "title": "Diffuse mesothelioma payments", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be able to get a payment if you\u2019ve been diagnosed with the asbestos-related disease, diffuse mesothelioma.\n\nThere are 2 types of payment you can claim for:\n\n- diffuse mesothelioma payments (the \u20182008 scheme\u2019)\n\n- the Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYou can claim DMPS if you cannot find the employer responsible for your contact with asbestos, or their insurer.\n\n## What you'll get\n\n## The 2008 scheme\n\nYou\u2019ll get one payment.\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get depends on how old you were when your disease was diagnosed. For example, if you were 60 when your disease was diagnosed, and you qualify, you\u2019ll get a payment of \u00a344,312.\n\n## Rates\n\n| Age when diagnosed | Payment |\n\n| 37 and under | \u00a394,296 |\n\n| 38 | \u00a392,463 |\n\n| 39 | \u00a390,633 |\n\n| 40 | \u00a388,804 |\n\n| 41 | \u00a386,971 |\n\n| 42 | \u00a385,140 |\n\n| 43 | \u00a384,227 |\n\n| 44 | \u00a383,306 |\n\n| 45 | \u00a382,394 |\n\n| 46 | \u00a381,477 |\n\n| 47 | \u00a380,562 |\n\n| 48 | \u00a378,003 |\n\n| 49 | \u00a375,440 |\n\n| 50 | \u00a372,873 |\n\n| 51 | \u00a370,312 |\n\n| 52 | \u00a367,742 |\n\n| 53 | \u00a365,913 |\n\n| 54 | \u00a364,085 |\n\n| 55 | \u00a362,258 |\n\n| 56 | \u00a360,418 |\n\n| 57 | \u00a358,587 |\n\n| 58 | \u00a353,829 |\n\n| 59 | \u00a349,066 |\n\n| 60 | \u00a344,312 |\n\n| 61 | \u00a339,550 |\n\n| 62 | \u00a334,790 |\n\n| 63 | \u00a331,859 |\n\n| 64 | \u00a328,926 |\n\n| 65 | \u00a326,001 |\n\n| 66 | \u00a323,071 |\n\n| 67 | \u00a320,142 |\n\n| 68 | \u00a319,545 |\n\n| 69 | \u00a318,946 |\n\n| 70 | \u00a318,357 |\n\n| 71 | \u00a317,761 |\n\n| 72 | \u00a317,169 |\n\n| 73 | \u00a316,662 |\n\n| 74 | \u00a316,146 |\n\n| 75 | \u00a315,652 |\n\n| 76 | \u00a315,155 |\n\n| 77 and over | \u00a314,651 |\n\n## Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYour payment will depend on the details of your claim. Read about payment amounts on the DMPS website.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## The 2008 scheme\n\nYou can claim a one-off payment if you:\n\n- are not entitled to a payment under the 1979 Pneumoconiosis Act\n\n- have not been given a payment for the disease from an employer, a civil claim or elsewhere\n\n- are not entitled to compensation from a Ministry of Defence scheme\n\nYou must have been exposed to asbestos in the United Kingdom.\n\nExamples of exposure include:\n\n- you came into contact with asbestos from a relative, for instance by washing their clothes\n\n- you were exposed to asbestos in the environment, for instance you lived near a factory using asbestos\n\n- you were exposed to asbestos while self-employed\n\n- your exposure cannot be specified but it occurred in the United Kingdom\n\nYou must claim within 12 months of diagnosis.\n\n## Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYou may be able to claim if all of the following apply:\n\n- you were diagnosed with diffuse mesothelioma on or after 25 July 2012\n\n- your mesothelioma was caused by exposure to asbestos when working in the UK\n\n- you cannot trace the employer that exposed you to asbestos, or their insurers\n\n- you have not made a civil claim against any employer or insurer\n\n- you have not received damages or a specified payment for mesothelioma and you\u2019re not eligible to a specified payment\n\nYou may also be able to claim if you were the dependant of a sufferer who has died.\n\nYou can claim for DMPS even if you have already claimed from the 2008 scheme or under the 1979 Pneumoconiosis Act. If you\u2019ve already got a payment from the 2008 scheme or the Pneumoconiosis Act, it will be deducted from the amount you get from DMPS.\n\nYou may still be able to claim from the 2008 scheme even if you are unsuccessful in your DMPS claim.\n\nClaims through the DMPS scheme must be made within 3 years of diagnosis.\n\n## Payments for dependants\n\n## The 2008 scheme\n\nYou may be able to claim if you were the dependant of a sufferer who has died. You must claim within 12 months of their death.\n\nContact Barrow Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) Centre to find out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Rates\n\nIf you qualify, you\u2019ll get one payment. The amount will depend on how old the person with mesothelioma was when they died. For example, if they were 60 when they died, and you qualify, you\u2019ll get a payment of \u00a319,182.\n\n| Age of death | Payment |\n\n| 37 and under | \u00a349,073 |\n\n| 38 | \u00a348,018 |\n\n| 39 | \u00a346,965 |\n\n| 40 | \u00a345,913 |\n\n| 41 | \u00a344,860 |\n\n| 42 | \u00a343,808 |\n\n| 43 | \u00a342,800 |\n\n| 44 | \u00a341,784 |\n\n| 45 | \u00a340,783 |\n\n| 46 | \u00a339,777 |\n\n| 47 | \u00a338,772 |\n\n| 48 | \u00a337,536 |\n\n| 49 | \u00a336,297 |\n\n| 50 | \u00a335,063 |\n\n| 51 | \u00a333,831 |\n\n| 52 | \u00a332,596 |\n\n| 53 | \u00a331,583 |\n\n| 54 | \u00a330,580 |\n\n| 55 | \u00a329,573 |\n\n| 56 | \u00a328,559 |\n\n| 57 | \u00a327,555 |\n\n| 58 | \u00a324,768 |\n\n| 59 | \u00a321,971 |\n\n| 60 | \u00a319,182 |\n\n| 61 | \u00a316,389 |\n\n| 62 | \u00a313,593 |\n\n| 63 | \u00a312,795 |\n\n| 64 | \u00a312,003 |\n\n| 65 | \u00a311,191 |\n\n| 66 | \u00a310,392 |\n\n| 67 and over | \u00a38,124 |\n\n## Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYour payment will depend on the details of your claim. Read about payment amounts on the DMPS website.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## The 2008 scheme\n\nFill in a mesothelioma payment claim form and provide medical evidence.\n\nContact Barrow Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) Centre if you cannot print out a form and you need one sent to you.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nContact the Barrow IIDB Centre to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\nYou must claim within 12 months of diagnosis. If you\u2019re a dependant claiming for a sufferer who is now deceased, you must claim within 12 months from the date of their death.\n\n## Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYou can apply online at the DMPS website.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- your full employment history, with evidence - for example, P60s\n\n- evidence of unsuccessful attempts to trace your employer or insurers\n\n- the date of your diagnosis\n\n- evidence of diagnosis\n\n- details of any previous claims\n\n- a witness statement\n\nContact TopMark for more information on the DMPS and how to apply.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for a mandatory review.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the outcome of the mandatory review, you can appeal to to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal. The tribunal is impartial and independent of government.\n\nAppeal to the tribunal within one month of getting the mandatory review decision. If you submit your appeal after a month you\u2019ll have to explain why you did not do it earlier.\n\nDownload and fill in form SSCS6a and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to choose whether you want to go to the tribunal hearing to explain your case. If you do not attend, your appeal will be decided on your appeal form and any supporting evidence.\n\nAfter you submit your appeal, you can provide evidence. Your appeal and the evidence will be discussed at a hearing by a judge and one or two experts. The judge will then make a decision.\n\nIt usually takes around 6 months for your appeal to be heard by the tribunal.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a payment if you\u2019ve been diagnosed with the asbestos-related disease, diffuse mesothelioma.

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of payment you can claim for:

    ", + "
  • diffuse mesothelioma payments (the \u20182008 scheme\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • the Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)
    • ", + "

    You can claim DMPS if you cannot find the employer responsible for your contact with asbestos, or their insurer.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The 2008 scheme

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get one payment.

    ", + "

    The amount you\u2019ll get depends on how old you were when your disease was diagnosed. For example, if you were 60 when your disease was diagnosed, and you qualify, you\u2019ll get a payment of \u00a344,312.

    ", + "

    Rates

    ", + "Age when diagnosed | Payment", + "37 and under | \u00a394,296", + "38 | \u00a392,463", + "39 | \u00a390,633", + "40 | \u00a388,804", + "41 | \u00a386,971", + "42 | \u00a385,140", + "43 | \u00a384,227", + "44 | \u00a383,306", + "45 | \u00a382,394", + "46 | \u00a381,477", + "47 | \u00a380,562", + "48 | \u00a378,003", + "49 | \u00a375,440", + "50 | \u00a372,873", + "51 | \u00a370,312", + "52 | \u00a367,742", + "53 | \u00a365,913", + "54 | \u00a364,085", + "55 | \u00a362,258", + "56 | \u00a360,418", + "57 | \u00a358,587", + "58 | \u00a353,829", + "59 | \u00a349,066", + "60 | \u00a344,312", + "61 | \u00a339,550", + "62 | \u00a334,790", + "63 | \u00a331,859", + "64 | \u00a328,926", + "65 | \u00a326,001", + "66 | \u00a323,071", + "67 | \u00a320,142", + "68 | \u00a319,545", + "69 | \u00a318,946", + "70 | \u00a318,357", + "71 | \u00a317,761", + "72 | \u00a317,169", + "73 | \u00a316,662", + "74 | \u00a316,146", + "75 | \u00a315,652", + "76 | \u00a315,155", + "77 and over | \u00a314,651", + "

    Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)

    ", + "

    Your payment will depend on the details of your claim. Read about payment amounts on the DMPS website.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    The 2008 scheme

    ", + "

    You can claim a one-off payment if you:

    ", + "
  • are not entitled to a payment under the 1979 Pneumoconiosis Act
    • ", + "
  • have not been given a payment for the disease from an employer, a civil claim or elsewhere
    • ", + "
  • are not entitled to compensation from a Ministry of Defence scheme
    • ", + "

    You must have been exposed to asbestos in the United Kingdom.

    ", + "

    Examples of exposure include:

    ", + "
  • you came into contact with asbestos from a relative, for instance by washing their clothes
    • ", + "
  • you were exposed to asbestos in the environment, for instance you lived near a factory using asbestos
    • ", + "
  • you were exposed to asbestos while self-employed
    • ", + "
  • your exposure cannot be specified but it occurred in the United Kingdom
    • ", + "

    You must claim within 12 months of diagnosis.

    ", + "

    Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were diagnosed with diffuse mesothelioma on or after 25 July 2012
    • ", + "
  • your mesothelioma was caused by exposure to asbestos when working in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you cannot trace the employer that exposed you to asbestos, or their insurers
    • ", + "
  • you have not made a civil claim against any employer or insurer
    • ", + "
  • you have not received damages or a specified payment for mesothelioma and you\u2019re not eligible to a specified payment
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to claim if you were the dependant of a sufferer who has died.

    ", + "

    You can claim for DMPS even if you have already claimed from the 2008 scheme or under the 1979 Pneumoconiosis Act. If you\u2019ve already got a payment from the 2008 scheme or the Pneumoconiosis Act, it will be deducted from the amount you get from DMPS.

    ", + "

    You may still be able to claim from the 2008 scheme even if you are unsuccessful in your DMPS claim.

    ", + "

    Claims through the DMPS scheme must be made within 3 years of diagnosis.

    ", + "

    Payments for dependants

    ", + "

    The 2008 scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim if you were the dependant of a sufferer who has died. You must claim within 12 months of their death.

    ", + "

    Contact Barrow Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) Centre to find out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Rates

    ", + "

    If you qualify, you\u2019ll get one payment. The amount will depend on how old the person with mesothelioma was when they died. For example, if they were 60 when they died, and you qualify, you\u2019ll get a payment of \u00a319,182.

    ", + "Age of death | Payment", + "37 and under | \u00a349,073", + "38 | \u00a348,018", + "39 | \u00a346,965", + "40 | \u00a345,913", + "41 | \u00a344,860", + "42 | \u00a343,808", + "43 | \u00a342,800", + "44 | \u00a341,784", + "45 | \u00a340,783", + "46 | \u00a339,777", + "47 | \u00a338,772", + "48 | \u00a337,536", + "49 | \u00a336,297", + "50 | \u00a335,063", + "51 | \u00a333,831", + "52 | \u00a332,596", + "53 | \u00a331,583", + "54 | \u00a330,580", + "55 | \u00a329,573", + "56 | \u00a328,559", + "57 | \u00a327,555", + "58 | \u00a324,768", + "59 | \u00a321,971", + "60 | \u00a319,182", + "61 | \u00a316,389", + "62 | \u00a313,593", + "63 | \u00a312,795", + "64 | \u00a312,003", + "65 | \u00a311,191", + "66 | \u00a310,392", + "67 and over | \u00a38,124", + "

    Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)

    ", + "

    Your payment will depend on the details of your claim. Read about payment amounts on the DMPS website.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    The 2008 scheme

    ", + "

    Fill in a mesothelioma payment claim form and provide medical evidence.

    ", + "

    Contact Barrow Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) Centre if you cannot print out a form and you need one sent to you.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Contact the Barrow IIDB Centre to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    You must claim within 12 months of diagnosis. If you\u2019re a dependant claiming for a sufferer who is now deceased, you must claim within 12 months from the date of their death.

    ", + "

    Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)

    ", + "

    You can apply online at the DMPS website.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • your full employment history, with evidence - for example, P60s
    • ", + "
  • evidence of unsuccessful attempts to trace your employer or insurers
    • ", + "
  • the date of your diagnosis
    • ", + "
  • evidence of diagnosis
    • ", + "
  • details of any previous claims
    • ", + "
  • a witness statement
    • ", + "

    Contact TopMark for more information on the DMPS and how to apply.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for a mandatory review.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the outcome of the mandatory review, you can appeal to to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal. The tribunal is impartial and independent of government.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the tribunal within one month of getting the mandatory review decision. If you submit your appeal after a month you\u2019ll have to explain why you did not do it earlier.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form SSCS6a and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to choose whether you want to go to the tribunal hearing to explain your case. If you do not attend, your appeal will be decided on your appeal form and any supporting evidence.

    ", + "

    After you submit your appeal, you can provide evidence. Your appeal and the evidence will be discussed at a hearing by a judge and one or two experts. The judge will then make a decision.

    ", + "

    It usually takes around 6 months for your appeal to be heard by the tribunal.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/reduced-earnings-allowance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reduced-earnings-allowance", + "title": "Reduced Earnings Allowance", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you cannot earn as much as you used to because of an accident or disease caused by your work, you could get up to \u00a373.16 per week Reduced Earnings Allowance.\n\nYou can only get it for accidents that happened, or diseases that started, before 1 October 1990.\n\nYou may also be able to get Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB).\n\n## Effect on other benefits\n\nReduced Earnings Allowance could affect any income-related benefits that you or your partner get.\n\nContact the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre for details.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou could get up to \u00a373.16 per week.\n\nWhat you get depends on how much you earn in your regular employment.\n\nAsk the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre about how much you can get.\n\nReduced Earnings Allowance will be replaced by another benefit called Retirement Allowance if both the following apply:\n\n- you reach State Pension age\n\n- you\u2019re not in regular employment\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou could get Reduced Earnings Allowance if you have an illness or disability caused by a work-related accident or disease that happened before 1 October 1990.\n\nYou must also meet all of the following criteria:\n\n- your level of disability is assessed to be at least 1%\n\n- you cannot return to your regular occupation\n\n- you cannot do other work with the same level of earnings as your regular occupation\n\n## Going abroad\n\nIf you leave the UK to live abroad permanently, you may not be able to get Reduced Earnings Allowance.\n\nCheck if you can get benefits if you move to the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland.\n\nFor temporary visits to countries outside the EEA, you can usually claim for the first 3 months of your stay.\n\nThis can be longer in special circumstances - check with the International Pensions Centre to see if you qualify.\n\n## Your circumstances change\n\nTell the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre straight away if your circumstances change, for example:\n\n- you stop or start work\n\n- you change your occupation\n\n- your earnings change\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou\u2019ll need to fill in and post a claim form.\n\nContact the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre to get a form.\n\nThe form comes with notes that will:\n\n- help you fill it in\n\n- tell you where to send it\n\nClaim straight away or you might lose benefit.\n\n## Contact the Barnsley IIDB centre\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you cannot earn as much as you used to because of an accident or disease caused by your work, you could get up to \u00a373.16 per week Reduced Earnings Allowance.

    ", + "

    You can only get it for accidents that happened, or diseases that started, before 1 October 1990.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB).

    ", + "

    Effect on other benefits

    ", + "

    Reduced Earnings Allowance could affect any income-related benefits that you or your partner get.

    ", + "

    Contact the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre for details.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You could get up to \u00a373.16 per week.

    ", + "

    What you get depends on how much you earn in your regular employment.

    ", + "

    Ask the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre about how much you can get.

    ", + "

    Reduced Earnings Allowance will be replaced by another benefit called Retirement Allowance if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you reach State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not in regular employment
    • ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You could get Reduced Earnings Allowance if you have an illness or disability caused by a work-related accident or disease that happened before 1 October 1990.

    ", + "

    You must also meet all of the following criteria:

    ", + "
  • your level of disability is assessed to be at least 1%
    • ", + "
  • you cannot return to your regular occupation
    • ", + "
  • you cannot do other work with the same level of earnings as your regular occupation
    • ", + "

    Going abroad

    ", + "

    If you leave the UK to live abroad permanently, you may not be able to get Reduced Earnings Allowance.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get benefits if you move to the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    For temporary visits to countries outside the EEA, you can usually claim for the first 3 months of your stay.

    ", + "

    This can be longer in special circumstances - check with the International Pensions Centre to see if you qualify.

    ", + "

    Your circumstances change

    ", + "

    Tell the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre straight away if your circumstances change, for example:

    ", + "
  • you stop or start work
    • ", + "
  • you change your occupation
    • ", + "
  • your earnings change
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to fill in and post a claim form.

    ", + "

    Contact the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre to get a form.

    ", + "

    The form comes with notes that will:

    ", + "
  • help you fill it in
    • ", + "
  • tell you where to send it
    • ", + "

    Claim straight away or you might lose benefit.

    ", + "

    Contact the Barnsley IIDB centre

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/blind-persons-allowance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/blind-persons-allowance", + "title": "Blind Person's Allowance", + "content": "## Overview\n\nBlind Person\u2019s Allowance is an extra amount of tax-free allowance.\n\nIt means you can earn more before you start paying Income Tax.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nBlind Person\u2019s Allowance is added to your yearly Personal Allowance - the amount of money you can earn before you start paying Income Tax.\n\n| Tax year | Blind Person\u2019s Allowance |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | \u00a32,520 |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | \u00a32,500 |\n\nIf you and your spouse or civil partner are both eligible, you\u2019ll each get an allowance.\n\nYou can transfer your Blind Person\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner if you do not pay tax or earn enough to use all of your allowance.\n\n## Previous tax years\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) publishes tables with tax rates that include Blind Person\u2019s Allowance for current and past tax years.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## England and Wales\n\nYou can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re registered with your local council as blind or severely sight impaired\n\n- you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)\n\n## Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\nYou can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:\n\n- you cannot do work for which eyesight is essential\n\n- you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to claim.\n\n## Transfer your allowance\n\nYou can transfer your Blind Person\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner if you do not pay tax or cannot use all of it.\n\nYou can do this:\n\n- if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- if you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner\n\n- whether or not your spouse or civil partner is blind\n\nYou can still transfer your allowance if you\u2019re unable to live with your spouse or civil partner because of:\n\n- illness or old age, for example where your spouse or partner is in residential care\n\n- working away from home\n\n- an armed forces posting\n\n- being in prison\n\n- training or education\n\n## How to transfer your allowance\n\nTo transfer your allowance to a spouse or civil partner, use form 575 or call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou\u2019ll also get the option to transfer any Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf you\u2019re making a claim to get tax back on savings and investment interest using form R40 you can also ask for a copy of form 575 by ticking the appropriate box.\n\n## Get the form in another format\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you need the form in a different format, for example Braille.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Blind Person\u2019s Allowance is an extra amount of tax-free allowance.

    ", + "

    It means you can earn more before you start paying Income Tax.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Blind Person\u2019s Allowance is added to your yearly Personal Allowance - the amount of money you can earn before you start paying Income Tax.

    ", + "Tax year | Blind Person\u2019s Allowance", + "2021 to 2022 | \u00a32,520", + "2020 to 2021 | \u00a32,500", + "

    If you and your spouse or civil partner are both eligible, you\u2019ll each get an allowance.

    ", + "

    You can transfer your Blind Person\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner if you do not pay tax or earn enough to use all of your allowance.

    ", + "

    Previous tax years

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) publishes tables with tax rates that include Blind Person\u2019s Allowance for current and past tax years.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    England and Wales

    ", + "

    You can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re registered with your local council as blind or severely sight impaired
    • ", + "
  • you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)
    • ", + "

    Scotland and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you cannot do work for which eyesight is essential
    • ", + "
  • you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to claim.

    ", + "

    Transfer your allowance

    ", + "

    You can transfer your Blind Person\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner if you do not pay tax or cannot use all of it.

    ", + "

    You can do this:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • whether or not your spouse or civil partner is blind
    • ", + "

    You can still transfer your allowance if you\u2019re unable to live with your spouse or civil partner because of:

    ", + "
  • illness or old age, for example where your spouse or partner is in residential care
    • ", + "
  • working away from home
    • ", + "
  • an armed forces posting
    • ", + "
  • being in prison
    • ", + "
  • training or education
    • ", + "

    How to transfer your allowance

    ", + "

    To transfer your allowance to a spouse or civil partner, use form 575 or call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get the option to transfer any Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making a claim to get tax back on savings and investment interest using form R40 you can also ask for a copy of form 575 by ticking the appropriate box.

    ", + "

    Get the form in another format

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you need the form in a different format, for example Braille.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vaccine-damage-payment": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vaccine-damage-payment", + "title": "Vaccine Damage Payment", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re severely disabled as a result of a vaccination against certain diseases, you could get a one-off tax-free payment of \u00a3120,000. This is called a Vaccine Damage Payment.\n\n## Effect on benefits you receive\n\nA Vaccine Damage Payment can affect benefits and entitlements like:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Working Tax Credit\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Council Tax Reduction\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance\n\nThe effect the payment will have depends on a number of things. This includes the payment being put into a trust and the payments being made from it.\n\nYou should let the office that deals with your benefit or tax credit claim know if you\u2019ve got a Vaccine Damage Payment. You can get contact details from letters they have sent you.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nA Vaccine Damage Payment is a tax free one-off payment of \u00a3120,000.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYou\u2019ll get payment direct to you or, if you\u2019re under 18 or cannot manage your own affairs, payment will be made to trustees.\n\nIf you live with your family, your parents may be appointed as trustees.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, for example your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou could get a payment if you\u2019re severely disabled and your disability was caused by vaccination against any of the following diseases:\n\n- coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\n- diphtheria\n\n- haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)\n\n- human papillomavirus\n\n- influenza, except for influenza caused by a pandemic influenza virus\n\n- measles\n\n- meningococcal group B (meningitis B)\n\n- meningococcal group C (meningitis C)\n\n- meningococcal group W (meningitis W)\n\n- mumps\n\n- pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 (swine flu) - up to 31 August 2010\n\n- pertussis (whooping cough)\n\n- pneumococcal infection\n\n- poliomyelitis\n\n- rotavirus\n\n- rubella (German measles)\n\n- smallpox - up to 1 August 1971\n\n- tetanus\n\n- tuberculosis (TB)\n\nYou may have had a combined vaccination against a number of the diseases listed. For example, you might have been vaccinated against DTP (diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis) or MMR (measles, mumps and rubella).\n\nYou may also be able to get a payment if you\u2019re severely disabled because either:\n\n- your mother was vaccinated against one of the diseases in the list while she was pregnant\n\n- you\u2019ve been in close physical contact with someone who\u2019s had an oral vaccine against poliomyelitis\n\n## What counts as \u2018severely disabled\u2019\n\nDisablement is worked out as a percentage, and \u2018severe disablement\u2019 means at least 60% disabled.\n\nThis could be a mental or physical disablement and will be based on medical evidence from the doctors or hospitals involved in your treatment.\n\n## When and where the vaccination must have taken place\n\nYou must normally have been vaccinated before your 18th birthday, unless the vaccination was during an outbreak of disease in the UK or the Isle of Man, or it was against:\n\n- coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\n- poliomyelitis\n\n- rubella\n\n- meningococcal group C\n\n- human papillomavirus\n\n- pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 (swine flu)\n\n- meningococcal group W before your 26th birthday\n\n- influenza\n\nThe vaccination must have been given in the UK or the Isle of Man, unless you were vaccinated as part of your armed forces medical treatment.\n\n## How to claim\n\nApply by filling out a claim form. If you\u2019re under 16, your parent or guardian should claim on your behalf.\n\nSend it to:\n\nYou can also contact the Vaccine Damage Payments Unit to ask for a claim form:\n\n## Time limits on making a claim\n\nYou can only claim for a child once they are 2 years old.\n\nTo claim for an adult, apply by whichever is the latest of the following dates:\n\n- on or before their 21st birthday (or if they\u2019ve died, the date they would have reached 21)\n\n- within 6 years of the vaccination\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reversal\u2019\n\n## If the decision was made after 27 October 2013\n\nWrite to the Vaccine Damage Payments Unit. You must:\n\n- explain why you think the decision is wrong\n\n- include any new evidence to support your application - only include evidence you have not already sent\n\nYou need to include:\n\n- the date of the original payment decision\n\n- your name and address\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n## If the decision was made on or before 27 October 2013\n\nContact the Vaccine Damage Payments Unit for advice on challenging the decision.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe original decision will be reviewed. The Department for Work and Pensions will send you a new decision if they think it should be changed.\n\nIf they do not think the decision should be changed, you\u2019ll get a \u2018mandatory reversal notice\u2019 that will explain the reasons why. This will include the information you need to be able to appeal.\n\n## If you disagree with the outcome\n\nYou can ask for mandatory reversal again - there\u2019s no limit on the number of times you can make this request, and no time limit.\n\nYou can also appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal. The tribunal is impartial and independent of government.\n\nThere is no time limit for requesting an appeal.\n\nDownload and fill in form SSCS1 and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to choose whether you want to go to the tribunal hearing to explain your case. If you do not attend, your appeal will be decided on your appeal form and any supporting evidence.\n\nAfter you submit your appeal, you can provide evidence. Your appeal and the evidence will be discussed at a hearing by a judge and one or two experts, for example a doctor. The judge will then make a decision.\n\nIt usually takes around 6 months for for your appeal to be heard by the tribunal.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re severely disabled as a result of a vaccination against certain diseases, you could get a one-off tax-free payment of \u00a3120,000. This is called a Vaccine Damage Payment.

    ", + "

    Effect on benefits you receive

    ", + "

    A Vaccine Damage Payment can affect benefits and entitlements like:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax Reduction
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "

    The effect the payment will have depends on a number of things. This includes the payment being put into a trust and the payments being made from it.

    ", + "

    You should let the office that deals with your benefit or tax credit claim know if you\u2019ve got a Vaccine Damage Payment. You can get contact details from letters they have sent you.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    A Vaccine Damage Payment is a tax free one-off payment of \u00a3120,000.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get payment direct to you or, if you\u2019re under 18 or cannot manage your own affairs, payment will be made to trustees.

    ", + "

    If you live with your family, your parents may be appointed as trustees.

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, for example your bank account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You could get a payment if you\u2019re severely disabled and your disability was caused by vaccination against any of the following diseases:

    ", + "
  • coronavirus (COVID-19)
    • ", + "
  • diphtheria
    • ", + "
  • haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib)
    • ", + "
  • human papillomavirus
    • ", + "
  • influenza, except for influenza caused by a pandemic influenza virus
    • ", + "
  • measles
    • ", + "
  • meningococcal group B (meningitis B)
    • ", + "
  • meningococcal group C (meningitis C)
    • ", + "
  • meningococcal group W (meningitis W)
    • ", + "
  • mumps
    • ", + "
  • pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 (swine flu) - up to 31 August 2010
    • ", + "
  • pertussis (whooping cough)
    • ", + "
  • pneumococcal infection
    • ", + "
  • poliomyelitis
    • ", + "
  • rotavirus
    • ", + "
  • rubella (German measles)
    • ", + "
  • smallpox - up to 1 August 1971
    • ", + "
  • tetanus
    • ", + "
  • tuberculosis (TB)
    • ", + "

    You may have had a combined vaccination against a number of the diseases listed. For example, you might have been vaccinated against DTP (diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis) or MMR (measles, mumps and rubella).

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get a payment if you\u2019re severely disabled because either:

    ", + "
  • your mother was vaccinated against one of the diseases in the list while she was pregnant
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in close physical contact with someone who\u2019s had an oral vaccine against poliomyelitis
    • ", + "

    What counts as \u2018severely disabled\u2019

    ", + "

    Disablement is worked out as a percentage, and \u2018severe disablement\u2019 means at least 60% disabled.

    ", + "

    This could be a mental or physical disablement and will be based on medical evidence from the doctors or hospitals involved in your treatment.

    ", + "

    When and where the vaccination must have taken place

    ", + "

    You must normally have been vaccinated before your 18th birthday, unless the vaccination was during an outbreak of disease in the UK or the Isle of Man, or it was against:

    ", + "
  • coronavirus (COVID-19)
    • ", + "
  • poliomyelitis
    • ", + "
  • rubella
    • ", + "
  • meningococcal group C
    • ", + "
  • human papillomavirus
    • ", + "
  • pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 (swine flu)
    • ", + "
  • meningococcal group W before your 26th birthday
    • ", + "
  • influenza
    • ", + "

    The vaccination must have been given in the UK or the Isle of Man, unless you were vaccinated as part of your armed forces medical treatment.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Apply by filling out a claim form. If you\u2019re under 16, your parent or guardian should claim on your behalf.

    ", + "

    Send it to:

    ", + "

    You can also contact the Vaccine Damage Payments Unit to ask for a claim form:

    ", + "

    Time limits on making a claim

    ", + "

    You can only claim for a child once they are 2 years old.

    ", + "

    To claim for an adult, apply by whichever is the latest of the following dates:

    ", + "
  • on or before their 21st birthday (or if they\u2019ve died, the date they would have reached 21)
    • ", + "
  • within 6 years of the vaccination
    • ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reversal\u2019

    ", + "

    If the decision was made after 27 October 2013

    ", + "

    Write to the Vaccine Damage Payments Unit. You must:

    ", + "
  • explain why you think the decision is wrong
    • ", + "
  • include any new evidence to support your application - only include evidence you have not already sent
    • ", + "

    You need to include:

    ", + "
  • the date of the original payment decision
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "

    If the decision was made on or before 27 October 2013

    ", + "

    Contact the Vaccine Damage Payments Unit for advice on challenging the decision.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The original decision will be reviewed. The Department for Work and Pensions will send you a new decision if they think it should be changed.

    ", + "

    If they do not think the decision should be changed, you\u2019ll get a \u2018mandatory reversal notice\u2019 that will explain the reasons why. This will include the information you need to be able to appeal.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the outcome

    ", + "

    You can ask for mandatory reversal again - there\u2019s no limit on the number of times you can make this request, and no time limit.

    ", + "

    You can also appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal. The tribunal is impartial and independent of government.

    ", + "

    There is no time limit for requesting an appeal.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form SSCS1 and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to choose whether you want to go to the tribunal hearing to explain your case. If you do not attend, your appeal will be decided on your appeal form and any supporting evidence.

    ", + "

    After you submit your appeal, you can provide evidence. Your appeal and the evidence will be discussed at a hearing by a judge and one or two experts, for example a doctor. The judge will then make a decision.

    ", + "

    It usually takes around 6 months for for your appeal to be heard by the tribunal.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-students-allowance-dsa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-students-allowance-dsa", + "title": "Help if you're a student with a learning difficulty, health problem or disability", + "content": "## Disabled Students' Allowance\n\nDisabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) is support to cover the study-related costs you have because of a mental health problem, long term illness or any other disability.\n\nThis can be on its own or in addition to any student finance you get.\n\nThe type of support and how much you get depends on your individual needs - not your household income.\n\nYou do not need to pay back DSA.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\nUndergraduate and postgraduate students can get up to \u00a325,000 a year for support.\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n| | Specialist equipment allowance | Non-medical helper allowance | General allowance |\n\n| Full-time undergraduate students | Up to \u00a35,849 for the whole course | Up to \u00a323,258 a year | Up to \u00a31,954 a year |\n\n| Part-time undergraduate students | Up to \u00a35,849 for the whole course | Up to \u00a317,443 a year | Up to \u00a31,465 a year |\n\nPostgraduates can get support of up to \u00a320,580 a year.\n\nThese figures are the maximum amounts - most students get less.\n\n## What DSA can pay for\n\nYou can get help with the costs of:\n\n- specialist equipment, for example a computer if you need one because of your disability\n\n- non-medical helpers, for example a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter or specialist note taker\n\n- extra travel to attend your course or placement because of your disability\n\n- other disability-related study support, for example having to print additional copies of documents for proof-reading\n\nDSA does not cover disability-related costs you\u2019d have if you were not attending a course, or costs that any student might have.\n\n## Buying a new computer\n\nYou may get a new computer if you\u2019re assessed as needing one because:\n\n- you do not already have one\n\n- your current one does not meet your study needs\n\nWhen buying a new computer, you\u2019ll need to pay the first \u00a3200.\n\nThe DSA team will send you more information about this after your needs assessment.\n\n## Your \u2018needs assessment\u2019\n\nOnce your eligibility for DSA is confirmed, Student Finance England may ask you to contact an assessment centre to work out what help you need.\n\nThis is known as a needs assessment. Do not book this until Student Finance England asks you to.\n\nThe assessment is paid for through any DSA entitlement you may have.\n\nAfter the assessment, you\u2019ll get a report listing equipment and other support you can get for your course.\n\nDo not buy any equipment until you\u2019ve been assessed - you will not be reimbursed for it.\n\n## How DSA is paid\n\nMoney is paid either into your bank account or directly to the organisation providing the service or equipment.\n\nYou\u2019ll find out how your support will be paid to you after your needs assessment.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) if you live in England and have a disability that affects your ability to study, such as a:\n\n- specific learning difficulty, for example dyslexia or ADHD\n\n- mental health condition, for example anxiety or depression\n\n- physical disability, for example if you have to use crutches, a wheelchair or a special keyboard\n\n- sensory disability, for example if you\u2019re visually impaired, deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\n- long-term health condition, for example cancer, chronic heart disease or HIV\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be an undergraduate or postgraduate student (including Open University or distance learning)\n\n- qualify for student finance from Student Finance England\n\n- be studying on a course that lasts at least a year\n\n## Who is not eligible\n\nYou cannot get DSA from Student Finance England if you\u2019re:\n\n- an EU student who is eligible for fee support only\n\n- eligible for NHS Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances (this is a separate scheme)\n\n- getting equivalent support from another funding source, like from your university or a social work bursary\n\n## Proving you\u2019re eligible\n\nYou will not automatically get DSA - you need proof of your eligibility.\n\n| Condition | Proof |\n\n| Disabilities or long-term health condition | A copy of a report or letter from your doctor or consultant - you can also fill in the disability evidence form (PDF, 65KB) |\n\n| Mental health condition | A copy of a report or letter from your doctor or consultant - you can also fill in the disability evidence form (PDF, 65KB) |\n\n| Specific learning difficulty such as dyslexia | A copy of a \u2018diagnostic assessment\u2019 from a practitioner psychologist or suitably qualified specialist teacher |\n\nYou could get extra help to pay for a new diagnostic assessment.\n\n## Where to send letters or reports from a doctor\n\nYou can send proof of a health condition or learning disability to Student Finance England through your online account - if you have one. You can also send your proof by email or post.\n\n## Your course\n\nYour course must be in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- a Foundation Degree\n\n- a Certificate of Higher Education\n\n- a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)\n\n- a Higher National Certificate (HNC)\n\n- a Higher National Diploma (HND)\n\n- a Postgraduate Certificate of Education (PGCE)\n\n- a postgraduate course\n\n- Initial Teacher Training\n\nCheck with your university or college that your course is recognised.\n\n## Part-time course intensity\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nFor part-time students, your course intensity can affect how much DSA you get.\n\n\u2018Course intensity\u2019 means how long your course takes to complete each year compared to an equivalent full-time course. You can check course intensity with your university or college.\n\nThe rules are different depending on your course.\n\n## Part-time undergraduate courses\n\nYour course cannot be more than 4 times longer than the equivalent full-time course. Your course must last at least a year.\n\n## Part-time postgraduate master\u2019s courses\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for a Postgraduate Loan for a part-time master\u2019s degree, the course must not last more than twice as long as the full-time equivalent.\n\n## How to apply\n\nHow you apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) depends on whether you\u2019re studying full-time or part-time.\n\n## Full-time students\n\n## If you\u2019ve already applied for student finance\n\nSign in to your student finance account to start your DSA application.\n\nThe application for DSA should be on your \u2018to-do list\u2019 if you chose DSA in your application for other support. If it is not, select \u2018change your circumstances\u2019 to apply.\n\nIf you do not have an online account because you applied for student finance by post, fill in a student finance form (form DSA1).\n\n## If you have not applied for student finance\n\nYou can apply for DSA when you apply for student finance online.\n\nIf you do not need student finance, you can fill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to apply just for DSA.\n\nYou cannot apply for student finance online once you\u2019ve applied for DSA.\n\n## Part-time students\n\nFill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to apply for DSA.\n\n## If you\u2019re already getting DSA\n\nFill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to claim back your expenses.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou\u2019ll get confirmation of whether your application is successful within 6 weeks.\n\nIt can take up to 14 weeks to get your DSA support in place as this is done separately.\n\n## Further information\n\nContact the disability adviser at your university or college if you need advice about financial help.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nContact Student Finance England if your circumstances change as this may affect what you\u2019re entitled to. For example, if your condition gets worse you may be able to get extra help.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can ask for an explanation or to have your case reviewed if your application is turned down. Contact Student Finance England for more details.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Disabled Students' Allowance

    ", + "

    Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) is support to cover the study-related costs you have because of a mental health problem, long term illness or any other disability.

    ", + "

    This can be on its own or in addition to any student finance you get.

    ", + "

    The type of support and how much you get depends on your individual needs - not your household income.

    ", + "

    You do not need to pay back DSA.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    2021 to 2022 academic year

    ", + "

    Undergraduate and postgraduate students can get up to \u00a325,000 a year for support.

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + " | Specialist equipment allowance | Non-medical helper allowance | General allowance", + "Full-time undergraduate students | Up to \u00a35,849 for the whole course | Up to \u00a323,258 a year | Up to \u00a31,954 a year", + "Part-time undergraduate students | Up to \u00a35,849 for the whole course | Up to \u00a317,443 a year | Up to \u00a31,465 a year", + "

    Postgraduates can get support of up to \u00a320,580 a year.

    ", + "

    These figures are the maximum amounts - most students get less.

    ", + "

    What DSA can pay for

    ", + "

    You can get help with the costs of:

    ", + "
  • specialist equipment, for example a computer if you need one because of your disability
    • ", + "
  • non-medical helpers, for example a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter or specialist note taker
    • ", + "
  • extra travel to attend your course or placement because of your disability
    • ", + "
  • other disability-related study support, for example having to print additional copies of documents for proof-reading
    • ", + "

    DSA does not cover disability-related costs you\u2019d have if you were not attending a course, or costs that any student might have.

    ", + "

    Buying a new computer

    ", + "

    You may get a new computer if you\u2019re assessed as needing one because:

    ", + "
  • you do not already have one
    • ", + "
  • your current one does not meet your study needs
    • ", + "

    When buying a new computer, you\u2019ll need to pay the first \u00a3200.

    ", + "

    The DSA team will send you more information about this after your needs assessment.

    ", + "

    Your \u2018needs assessment\u2019

    ", + "

    Once your eligibility for DSA is confirmed, Student Finance England may ask you to contact an assessment centre to work out what help you need.

    ", + "

    This is known as a needs assessment. Do not book this until Student Finance England asks you to.

    ", + "

    The assessment is paid for through any DSA entitlement you may have.

    ", + "

    After the assessment, you\u2019ll get a report listing equipment and other support you can get for your course.

    ", + "

    Do not buy any equipment until you\u2019ve been assessed - you will not be reimbursed for it.

    ", + "

    How DSA is paid

    ", + "

    Money is paid either into your bank account or directly to the organisation providing the service or equipment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find out how your support will be paid to you after your needs assessment.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) if you live in England and have a disability that affects your ability to study, such as a:

    ", + "
  • specific learning difficulty, for example dyslexia or ADHD
    • ", + "
  • mental health condition, for example anxiety or depression
    • ", + "
  • physical disability, for example if you have to use crutches, a wheelchair or a special keyboard
    • ", + "
  • sensory disability, for example if you\u2019re visually impaired, deaf or have a hearing impairment
    • ", + "
  • long-term health condition, for example cancer, chronic heart disease or HIV
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be an undergraduate or postgraduate student (including Open University or distance learning)
    • ", + "
  • qualify for student finance from Student Finance England
    • ", + "
  • be studying on a course that lasts at least a year
    • ", + "

    Who is not eligible

    ", + "

    You cannot get DSA from Student Finance England if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an EU student who is eligible for fee support only
    • ", + "
  • eligible for NHS Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances (this is a separate scheme)
    • ", + "
  • getting equivalent support from another funding source, like from your university or a social work bursary
    • ", + "

    Proving you\u2019re eligible

    ", + "

    You will not automatically get DSA - you need proof of your eligibility.

    ", + "Condition | Proof", + "Disabilities or long-term health condition | A copy of a report or letter from your doctor or consultant - you can also fill in the disability evidence form (PDF, 65KB)", + "Mental health condition | A copy of a report or letter from your doctor or consultant - you can also fill in the disability evidence form (PDF, 65KB)", + "Specific learning difficulty such as dyslexia | A copy of a \u2018diagnostic assessment\u2019 from a practitioner psychologist or suitably qualified specialist teacher", + "

    You could get extra help to pay for a new diagnostic assessment.

    ", + "

    Where to send letters or reports from a doctor

    ", + "

    You can send proof of a health condition or learning disability to Student Finance England through your online account - if you have one. You can also send your proof by email or post.

    ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    Your course must be in the UK and one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd
    • ", + "
  • a Foundation Degree
    • ", + "
  • a Certificate of Higher Education
    • ", + "
  • a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Certificate (HNC)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Diploma (HND)
    • ", + "
  • a Postgraduate Certificate of Education (PGCE)
    • ", + "
  • a postgraduate course
    • ", + "
  • Initial Teacher Training
    • ", + "

    Check with your university or college that your course is recognised.

    ", + "

    Part-time course intensity

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    For part-time students, your course intensity can affect how much DSA you get.

    ", + "

    \u2018Course intensity\u2019 means how long your course takes to complete each year compared to an equivalent full-time course. You can check course intensity with your university or college.

    ", + "

    The rules are different depending on your course.

    ", + "

    Part-time undergraduate courses

    ", + "

    Your course cannot be more than 4 times longer than the equivalent full-time course. Your course must last at least a year.

    ", + "

    Part-time postgraduate master\u2019s courses

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for a Postgraduate Loan for a part-time master\u2019s degree, the course must not last more than twice as long as the full-time equivalent.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    How you apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) depends on whether you\u2019re studying full-time or part-time.

    ", + "

    Full-time students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already applied for student finance

    ", + "

    Sign in to your student finance account to start your DSA application.

    ", + "

    The application for DSA should be on your \u2018to-do list\u2019 if you chose DSA in your application for other support. If it is not, select \u2018change your circumstances\u2019 to apply.

    ", + "

    If you do not have an online account because you applied for student finance by post, fill in a student finance form (form DSA1).

    ", + "

    If you have not applied for student finance

    ", + "

    You can apply for DSA when you apply for student finance online.

    ", + "

    If you do not need student finance, you can fill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to apply just for DSA.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for student finance online once you\u2019ve applied for DSA.

    ", + "

    Part-time students

    ", + "

    Fill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to apply for DSA.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already getting DSA

    ", + "

    Fill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to claim back your expenses.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get confirmation of whether your application is successful within 6 weeks.

    ", + "

    It can take up to 14 weeks to get your DSA support in place as this is done separately.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Contact the disability adviser at your university or college if you need advice about financial help.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change

    ", + "

    Contact Student Finance England if your circumstances change as this may affect what you\u2019re entitled to. For example, if your condition gets worse you may be able to get extra help.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can ask for an explanation or to have your case reviewed if your application is turned down. Contact Student Finance England for more details.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/carers-allowance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-allowance", + "title": "Carer's Allowance", + "content": "## How it works\n\nYou could get \u00a367.60 a week if you care for someone at least 35 hours a week and they get certain benefits.\n\nYou do not have to be related to, or live with, the person you care for.\n\nYou do not get paid extra if you care for more than one person.\n\nIf someone else also cares for the same person as you, only one of you can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nCarer\u2019s Allowance can affect the other benefits that you and the person you care for get. You have to pay tax on it if your income is over the Personal Allowance.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if you provide care remotely during the coronavirus outbreak. This includes giving emotional support over the phone or online.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYou can choose to be paid weekly in advance or every 4 weeks.\n\nIt will be paid into an account, for example your bank account.\n\n## What else you can get\n\nFor each week you get Carer\u2019s Allowance you\u2019ll automatically get National Insurance credits.\n\nYou may also be able to apply for:\n\n- support from your local council\n\n- a Council Tax Reduction\n\n- Universal Credit if you\u2019re on a low income or out of work\n\n- Pension Credit if you\u2019re over working age\n\n- grants and bursaries to help pay for courses and training\n\n- Income Support (if you get the severe disability premium and you\u2019re on a low income)\n\n- income-based Employment and Support Allowance (if you get the severe disability premium and you cannot work)\n\nIf you live in Scotland and get Carer\u2019s Allowance, you may also get Carer\u2019s Allowance Supplement.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nYou can get more help and advice from:\n\n- Carers UK\n\n- Carers Trust\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- NHS: Carers Direct helpline\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou may be eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance if you, the person you care for and the type of care you provide meets certain criteria.\n\n## The person you care for\n\nThe person you care for must already get one of these benefits:\n\n- Personal Independence Payment - daily living component\n\n- Disability Living Allowance - the middle or highest care rate\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance at or above the normal maximum rate with an Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance at the basic (full day) rate with a War Disablement Pension\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\nIf someone else also cares for the same person as you, only one of you can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## The type of care you provide\n\nYou need to spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone. This can include:\n\n- helping with washing and cooking\n\n- taking the person you care for to a doctor\u2019s appointment\n\n- helping with household tasks, like managing bills and shopping\n\nIf you or the person you care for are affected by coronavirus, you can still claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if you provide care remotely. This includes giving emotional support over the phone or online.\n\n## Your eligibility\n\nAll of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019re 16 or over\n\n- you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone\n\n- you\u2019ve been in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years (this does not apply if you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection status)\n\n- you normally live in England, Scotland or Wales, or you live abroad as a member of the armed forces (you might still be eligible if you\u2019re moving to or already living in an EEA country or Switzerland)\n\n- you\u2019re not in full-time education\n\n- you\u2019re not studying for 21 hours a week or more\n\n- you\u2019re not subject to immigration control\n\n- your earnings are \u00a3128 or less a week after tax, National Insurance and expenses\n\nIf your earnings are sometimes more than \u00a3128 a week you might still be eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance. Your average earnings may be calculated to work out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Calculating your earnings\n\nYour earnings are any income from employment and self-employment after tax, National Insurance and expenses.\n\nExpenses can include:\n\n- 50% of your pension contributions\n\n- equipment you need to do your job, for example specialist clothing\n\n- travel costs between different workplaces that are not paid for by your employer, for example fuel or train fares\n\n- business costs if you\u2019re self-employed, for example a computer you only use for work\n\nIf you pay a carer to look after the disabled person or your children while you work, you can treat care costs that are less than or equal to 50% of your earnings as an expense. The carer must not be your spouse, partner, parent, child or sibling.\n\nPayments that do not count as earnings include:\n\n- money received from an occupational or private pension\n\n- contributions towards your living or accommodation costs from someone you live with (they cannot be a tenant or boarder)\n\n- the first \u00a320 a week and 50% of the rest of any income you make from someone boarding in your home\n\n- a loan or advance payment from your employer\n\n## If you get State Pension\n\nYou cannot get the full amount of both Carer\u2019s Allowance and your State Pension at the same time.\n\nIf your pension is \u00a367.60 a week or more, you will not get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment.\n\nIf your pension is less than \u00a367.60 a week, you\u2019ll get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment to make up the difference.\n\n## If you get Pension Credit\n\nIf your State Pension is more than \u00a367.60 a week, you will not get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment but your Pension Credit payments will increase instead.\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nYou might be eligible for Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re not eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Effect on other benefits\n\nCarer\u2019s Allowance can affect the other benefits that both you and the person you care for get.\n\n## Effect on the benefits of the person you care for\n\nWhen you claim Carer\u2019s Allowance, the person you care for will stop getting:\n\n- a severe disability premium paid with their benefits\n\n- an extra amount for severe disability paid with Pension Credit, if they get one\n\nThey might also stop getting reduced Council Tax. Contact their local council to find out if this affects them.\n\n## Effect on your benefits\n\nWhen you claim Carer\u2019s Allowance your other benefit payments may change, but your total benefit payments will usually either go up or stay the same.\n\nCarer\u2019s Allowance does not count towards the benefit cap.\n\nIf you get Working Tax Credit or Child Tax Credit, you must contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to tell them about your Carer\u2019s Allowance claim.\n\nIf you get Pension Credit, your payments will increase if you\u2019re eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf you delay claiming your State Pension, this could increase the State Pension payments you get when you decide to claim it. You cannot build up extra State Pension during any period you get Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to work out how your other benefits will be affected.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nBefore you apply make sure you have your:\n\n- National Insurance number (if you have a partner you\u2019ll need theirs too)\n\n- bank or building society details (unless you get your State Pension)\n\n- employment details and latest payslip if you\u2019re working\n\n- P45 if you\u2019ve recently finished work\n\n- course details if you\u2019re studying\n\n- details of any expenses, for example pension contributions or the cost of caring for your children or the disabled person while you\u2019re at work\n\nYou also need details of the person you care for. You need their:\n\n- date of birth and address\n\n- National Insurance number if they\u2019re 16 or over\n\n- Disability Living Allowance reference if they\u2019re under 16\n\nYou can backdate your claim by up to 3 months.\n\nApply now\n\n## Other ways to apply\n\nIf you cannot apply online, you can apply by post. The address to send your application to is at the end of the form.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Report a change in circumstances\n\nYou must report changes in your circumstances if you\u2019re claiming or have applied for Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nChanges can include:\n\n- starting a job\n\n- starting or ending full-time education\n\n- changes to your income\n\n- stopping being a carer\n\n- the person you care for no longer getting their disability benefit\n\n- someone else who cares for the same person claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance instead of you\n\n- someone else who cares for the same person claims the carer\u2019s element of Universal Credit\n\n- changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou must tell the Department for Work and Pensions if the person you\u2019re caring for dies.\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## If you temporarily stop providing care for someone\n\nYou can still get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you temporarily stop providing care. This means any period when you spend less than 35 hours a week caring for the other person.\n\nThe person you care for must still receive their disability benefit.\n\nYou must tell DWP if you temporarily stop providing care and:\n\n- you or the person you care for will be in hospital, a nursing home, or respite care for more than 12 weeks\n\n- you stop caring for more than 28 days for any other reason\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## If you\u2019re working\n\nYou can work and get Carer\u2019s Allowance, as long as you spend at least 35 hours in your caring role.\n\nYou can get support for you or the person you care for from your employer, local councils and other organisations.\n\n## Time off for an emergency\n\nYou can ask your employer for time off to deal with an emergency involving someone else who depends on you for care. How much time off you get depends on your situation.\n\nIf you do not qualify for time off, your employer may allow you \u2018compassionate leave\u2019 for emergency situations.\n\n## Flexible working\n\nIf you need to work more flexibly, for example work part-time or work from home, you can request flexible working.\n\nYou do not have to tell your employer about your caring role or give another reason why you need to work more flexibly.\n\n## Respite care or \u2018short break\u2019 care\n\nIf you need someone to help look after the person you care for while you\u2019re at work, you can apply for respite care (also known as \u2018short break\u2019 care).\n\nRespite care options include:\n\n- getting a paid carer or a volunteer to sit with the person you look after for a few hours\n\n- a regular place in a day care centre for the person you care for\n\nYour local council may pay for respite care but you and the person you care for will need an assessment before you can apply.\n\nContact your local authority for information about local support.\n\n## Advice on starting work\n\nIf you need help starting or returning to work, contact your local Jobcentre Plus for help on how to combine work with your caring responsibilities.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You could get \u00a367.60 a week if you care for someone at least 35 hours a week and they get certain benefits.

    ", + "

    You do not have to be related to, or live with, the person you care for.

    ", + "

    You do not get paid extra if you care for more than one person.

    ", + "

    If someone else also cares for the same person as you, only one of you can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    Carer\u2019s Allowance can affect the other benefits that you and the person you care for get. You have to pay tax on it if your income is over the Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if you provide care remotely during the coronavirus outbreak. This includes giving emotional support over the phone or online.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    You can choose to be paid weekly in advance or every 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    It will be paid into an account, for example your bank account.

    ", + "

    What else you can get

    ", + "

    For each week you get Carer\u2019s Allowance you\u2019ll automatically get National Insurance credits.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to apply for:

    ", + "
  • support from your local council
    • ", + "
  • a Council Tax Reduction
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit if you\u2019re on a low income or out of work
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit if you\u2019re over working age
    • ", + "
  • grants and bursaries to help pay for courses and training
    • ", + "
  • Income Support (if you get the severe disability premium and you\u2019re on a low income)
    • ", + "
  • income-based Employment and Support Allowance (if you get the severe disability premium and you cannot work)
    • ", + "

    If you live in Scotland and get Carer\u2019s Allowance, you may also get Carer\u2019s Allowance Supplement.

    ", + "

    Get help and advice

    ", + "

    You can get more help and advice from:

    ", + "
  • Carers UK
    • ", + "
  • Carers Trust
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • NHS: Carers Direct helpline
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance if you, the person you care for and the type of care you provide meets certain criteria.

    ", + "

    The person you care for

    ", + "

    The person you care for must already get one of these benefits:

    ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment - daily living component
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance - the middle or highest care rate
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance at or above the normal maximum rate with an Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance at the basic (full day) rate with a War Disablement Pension
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    If someone else also cares for the same person as you, only one of you can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    The type of care you provide

    ", + "

    You need to spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone. This can include:

    ", + "
  • helping with washing and cooking
    • ", + "
  • taking the person you care for to a doctor\u2019s appointment
    • ", + "
  • helping with household tasks, like managing bills and shopping
    • ", + "

    If you or the person you care for are affected by coronavirus, you can still claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if you provide care remotely. This includes giving emotional support over the phone or online.

    ", + "

    Your eligibility

    ", + "

    All of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years (this does not apply if you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection status)
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in England, Scotland or Wales, or you live abroad as a member of the armed forces (you might still be eligible if you\u2019re moving to or already living in an EEA country or Switzerland)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not in full-time education
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not studying for 21 hours a week or more
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not subject to immigration control
    • ", + "
  • your earnings are \u00a3128 or less a week after tax, National Insurance and expenses
    • ", + "

    If your earnings are sometimes more than \u00a3128 a week you might still be eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance. Your average earnings may be calculated to work out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Calculating your earnings

    ", + "

    Your earnings are any income from employment and self-employment after tax, National Insurance and expenses.

    ", + "

    Expenses can include:

    ", + "
  • 50% of your pension contributions
    • ", + "
  • equipment you need to do your job, for example specialist clothing
    • ", + "
  • travel costs between different workplaces that are not paid for by your employer, for example fuel or train fares
    • ", + "
  • business costs if you\u2019re self-employed, for example a computer you only use for work
    • ", + "

    If you pay a carer to look after the disabled person or your children while you work, you can treat care costs that are less than or equal to 50% of your earnings as an expense. The carer must not be your spouse, partner, parent, child or sibling.

    ", + "

    Payments that do not count as earnings include:

    ", + "
  • money received from an occupational or private pension
    • ", + "
  • contributions towards your living or accommodation costs from someone you live with (they cannot be a tenant or boarder)
    • ", + "
  • the first \u00a320 a week and 50% of the rest of any income you make from someone boarding in your home
    • ", + "
  • a loan or advance payment from your employer
    • ", + "

    If you get State Pension

    ", + "

    You cannot get the full amount of both Carer\u2019s Allowance and your State Pension at the same time.

    ", + "

    If your pension is \u00a367.60 a week or more, you will not get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment.

    ", + "

    If your pension is less than \u00a367.60 a week, you\u2019ll get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment to make up the difference.

    ", + "

    If you get Pension Credit

    ", + "

    If your State Pension is more than \u00a367.60 a week, you will not get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment but your Pension Credit payments will increase instead.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re not eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    Effect on other benefits

    ", + "

    Carer\u2019s Allowance can affect the other benefits that both you and the person you care for get.

    ", + "

    Effect on the benefits of the person you care for

    ", + "

    When you claim Carer\u2019s Allowance, the person you care for will stop getting:

    ", + "
  • a severe disability premium paid with their benefits
    • ", + "
  • an extra amount for severe disability paid with Pension Credit, if they get one
    • ", + "

    They might also stop getting reduced Council Tax. Contact their local council to find out if this affects them.

    ", + "

    Effect on your benefits

    ", + "

    When you claim Carer\u2019s Allowance your other benefit payments may change, but your total benefit payments will usually either go up or stay the same.

    ", + "

    Carer\u2019s Allowance does not count towards the benefit cap.

    ", + "

    If you get Working Tax Credit or Child Tax Credit, you must contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to tell them about your Carer\u2019s Allowance claim.

    ", + "

    If you get Pension Credit, your payments will increase if you\u2019re eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    If you delay claiming your State Pension, this could increase the State Pension payments you get when you decide to claim it. You cannot build up extra State Pension during any period you get Carer\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to work out how your other benefits will be affected.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    Before you apply make sure you have your:

    ", + "
  • National Insurance number (if you have a partner you\u2019ll need theirs too)
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society details (unless you get your State Pension)
    • ", + "
  • employment details and latest payslip if you\u2019re working
    • ", + "
  • P45 if you\u2019ve recently finished work
    • ", + "
  • course details if you\u2019re studying
    • ", + "
  • details of any expenses, for example pension contributions or the cost of caring for your children or the disabled person while you\u2019re at work
    • ", + "

    You also need details of the person you care for. You need their:

    ", + "
  • date of birth and address
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance number if they\u2019re 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance reference if they\u2019re under 16
    • ", + "

    You can backdate your claim by up to 3 months.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Other ways to apply

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online, you can apply by post. The address to send your application to is at the end of the form.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    ", + "

    Report a change in circumstances

    ", + "

    You must report changes in your circumstances if you\u2019re claiming or have applied for Carer\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    Changes can include:

    ", + "
  • starting a job
    • ", + "
  • starting or ending full-time education
    • ", + "
  • changes to your income
    • ", + "
  • stopping being a carer
    • ", + "
  • the person you care for no longer getting their disability benefit
    • ", + "
  • someone else who cares for the same person claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance instead of you
    • ", + "
  • someone else who cares for the same person claims the carer\u2019s element of Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    You must tell the Department for Work and Pensions if the person you\u2019re caring for dies.

    ", + "

    You could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you temporarily stop providing care for someone

    ", + "

    You can still get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you temporarily stop providing care. This means any period when you spend less than 35 hours a week caring for the other person.

    ", + "

    The person you care for must still receive their disability benefit.

    ", + "

    You must tell DWP if you temporarily stop providing care and:

    ", + "
  • you or the person you care for will be in hospital, a nursing home, or respite care for more than 12 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you stop caring for more than 28 days for any other reason
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re working

    ", + "

    You can work and get Carer\u2019s Allowance, as long as you spend at least 35 hours in your caring role.

    ", + "

    You can get support for you or the person you care for from your employer, local councils and other organisations.

    ", + "

    Time off for an emergency

    ", + "

    You can ask your employer for time off to deal with an emergency involving someone else who depends on you for care. How much time off you get depends on your situation.

    ", + "

    If you do not qualify for time off, your employer may allow you \u2018compassionate leave\u2019 for emergency situations.

    ", + "

    Flexible working

    ", + "

    If you need to work more flexibly, for example work part-time or work from home, you can request flexible working.

    ", + "

    You do not have to tell your employer about your caring role or give another reason why you need to work more flexibly.

    ", + "

    Respite care or \u2018short break\u2019 care

    ", + "

    If you need someone to help look after the person you care for while you\u2019re at work, you can apply for respite care (also known as \u2018short break\u2019 care).

    ", + "

    Respite care options include:

    ", + "
  • getting a paid carer or a volunteer to sit with the person you look after for a few hours
    • ", + "
  • a regular place in a day care centre for the person you care for
    • ", + "

    Your local council may pay for respite care but you and the person you care for will need an assessment before you can apply.

    ", + "

    Contact your local authority for information about local support.

    ", + "

    Advice on starting work

    ", + "

    If you need help starting or returning to work, contact your local Jobcentre Plus for help on how to combine work with your caring responsibilities.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/carers-credit": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-credit", + "title": "Carer's Credit", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou could get Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re caring for someone for at least 20 hours a week.\n\nCarer\u2019s Credit is a National Insurance credit that helps with gaps in your National Insurance record. Your State Pension is based on your National Insurance record.\n\nYour income, savings or investments will not affect eligibility for Carer\u2019s Credit.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for Carer\u2019s Credit, you can get credits to help fill gaps in your National Insurance record.\n\nThis means you can take on caring responsibilities without affecting your ability to qualify for the State Pension.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get Carer\u2019s Credit you must be:\n\n- aged 16 or over\n\n- under State Pension age\n\n- looking after one or more people for at least 20 hours a week\n\nThe person you\u2019re looking after must get one of the following:\n\n- Disability Living Allowance care component at the middle or highest rate\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance\n\n- Personal Independence Payment - daily living component, at the standard or enhanced rate\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\nIf the person you\u2019re caring for does not get one of these benefits, you may still be able to get Carer\u2019s Credit. When you apply, fill in the \u2018Care Certificate\u2019 part of the application form and get a health or social care professional to sign it.\n\nCarers who do not qualify for Carer\u2019s Allowance may qualify for Carer\u2019s Credit.\n\n## Breaks in caring and eligibility\n\nYou can still get Carer\u2019s Credit even if you have breaks from caring (up to 12 weeks in a row).\n\nFor example, you\u2019ll still get Carer\u2019s Credit for 12 weeks if:\n\n- you take a short holiday\n\n- someone you look after goes into hospital\n\n- you go into hospital\n\nKeep the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit updated if you have a break in caring of more than 12 weeks in a row.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou do not need to apply for Carer\u2019s Credit if you:\n\n- get Carer\u2019s Allowance - you\u2019ll automatically get credits\n\n- get Child Benefit for a child under the age of 12 - you\u2019ll automatically get credits\n\n- are a foster carer - you can apply for National Insurance credits instead\n\n## Apply using a form\n\nDownload the Carer\u2019s Credit claim form.\n\nThe form includes a Care Certificate - ask a health or social care professional to sign it for you.\n\nYou can also get the form by calling the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## Where to send your form\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You could get Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re caring for someone for at least 20 hours a week.

    ", + "

    Carer\u2019s Credit is a National Insurance credit that helps with gaps in your National Insurance record. Your State Pension is based on your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    Your income, savings or investments will not affect eligibility for Carer\u2019s Credit.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for Carer\u2019s Credit, you can get credits to help fill gaps in your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    This means you can take on caring responsibilities without affecting your ability to qualify for the State Pension.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To get Carer\u2019s Credit you must be:

    ", + "
  • aged 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • under State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • looking after one or more people for at least 20 hours a week
    • ", + "

    The person you\u2019re looking after must get one of the following:

    ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance care component at the middle or highest rate
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment - daily living component, at the standard or enhanced rate
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    If the person you\u2019re caring for does not get one of these benefits, you may still be able to get Carer\u2019s Credit. When you apply, fill in the \u2018Care Certificate\u2019 part of the application form and get a health or social care professional to sign it.

    ", + "

    Carers who do not qualify for Carer\u2019s Allowance may qualify for Carer\u2019s Credit.

    ", + "

    Breaks in caring and eligibility

    ", + "

    You can still get Carer\u2019s Credit even if you have breaks from caring (up to 12 weeks in a row).

    ", + "

    For example, you\u2019ll still get Carer\u2019s Credit for 12 weeks if:

    ", + "
  • you take a short holiday
    • ", + "
  • someone you look after goes into hospital
    • ", + "
  • you go into hospital
    • ", + "

    Keep the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit updated if you have a break in caring of more than 12 weeks in a row.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Before you start

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply for Carer\u2019s Credit if you:

    ", + "
  • get Carer\u2019s Allowance - you\u2019ll automatically get credits
    • ", + "
  • get Child Benefit for a child under the age of 12 - you\u2019ll automatically get credits
    • ", + "
  • are a foster carer - you can apply for National Insurance credits instead
    • ", + "

    Apply using a form

    ", + "

    Download the Carer\u2019s Credit claim form.

    ", + "

    The form includes a Care Certificate - ask a health or social care professional to sign it for you.

    ", + "

    You can also get the form by calling the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    Where to send your form

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/housing-benefit": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/housing-benefit", + "title": "Housing Benefit", + "content": "## Eligibility\n\nHousing Benefit can help you pay your rent if you\u2019re unemployed, on a low income or claiming benefits. It\u2019s being replaced by Universal Credit.\n\nYou can only make a new claim for Housing Benefit if either of the following apply:\n\n- you have reached State Pension age\n\n- you\u2019re in supported, sheltered or temporary housing\n\n## You\u2019ve reached State Pension age\n\nIf you\u2019re single you can make a new claim for Housing Benefit.\n\n## If you\u2019re over State Pension age and live with your partner\n\nYou can make a new claim for Housing Benefit if any of the following apply:\n\n- you and your partner have both reached State Pension age\n\n- one of you has reached State Pension age and started claiming Pension Credit (for you as a couple) before 15 May 2019\n\n- you\u2019re in supported, sheltered or temporary housing\n\n## If you\u2019re over State Pension age and have an existing claim\n\nYour existing claim will not be affected if, before 15 May 2019, you:\n\n- were getting Housing Benefit\n\n- had reached State Pension age\n\nIt does not matter if your partner is under State Pension age.\n\nIf your circumstances change and your Housing Benefit is stopped, you cannot start getting it again unless you and your partner are eligible to make a new claim.\n\nYou can apply for Universal Credit if you\u2019re not eligible.\n\n## If you\u2019re in supported, sheltered or temporary housing\n\nYou can make a new claim if:\n\n- you\u2019re living in temporary accommodation, such as a B&B arranged by your council\n\n- you\u2019re living in a refuge for survivors of domestic abuse\n\n- you\u2019re living in sheltered or supported housing (such as a hostel) which provides you with \u2018care, support or supervision\u2019\n\nIf you do not get \u2018care, support or supervision\u2019 through your supported or sheltered housing, you can apply for Universal Credit to help with housing costs.\n\nIf you\u2019re in supported, sheltered or temporary housing, you can apply for Universal Credit to help with other living costs.\n\n## When you may not be able to claim\n\nUsually, you will not get Housing Benefit if:\n\n- your savings are over \u00a316,000 - unless you get Guarantee Credit of Pension Credit\n\n- you\u2019re paying a mortgage on your own home - you may be able to get Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI)\n\n- you live in the home of a close relative\n\n- you\u2019re already claiming Universal Credit (unless you\u2019re in temporary or supported housing)\n\n- you live with your partner and they are already claiming Housing Benefit\n\n- you\u2019re a full-time student\n\n- you\u2019re residing in the UK as a European Economic Area jobseeker\n\n- you\u2019re an asylum seeker or sponsored to be in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re subject to immigration control and your granted leave states that you cannot claim public funds\n\n- you\u2019re a Crown Tenant\n\n- you\u2019ve reached State Pension age but your live-in partner has not - unless you had an existing claim as a couple before 15 May 2019\n\nYou may be able to get other help with housing costs.\n\nIf not, you\u2019ll need to claim Universal Credit instead.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to check if you can get Housing Benefit before you apply\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou may get help with all or part of your rent. There\u2019s no set amount of Housing Benefit and what you get will depend on whether you rent privately or from a council.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to work out what you could get or check what extra help is available.\n\n## Council and social housing rent\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- your \u2018eligible\u2019 rent\n\n- if you have a spare room\n\n- your household income - including benefits, pensions and savings (over \u00a36,000)\n\n- your circumstances, for example the age of people in the house or if someone has a disability\n\n## Eligible rent\n\nYour eligible rent is the amount used to calculate your Housing Benefit claim. It\u2019s your actual rent plus any service charges you have to pay (such as for lift maintenance or a communal laundry) but not things like heating or water costs for your home.\n\n## Spare bedrooms\n\nYour Housing Benefit could be reduced if you live in council or social housing and have a spare bedroom. The reduction is:\n\n- 14% of the \u2018eligible rent\u2019 for 1 spare bedroom\n\n- 25% of the \u2018eligible rent\u2019 for 2 or more spare bedrooms\n\n## Sharing bedrooms\n\nThe following are expected to share:\n\n- an adult couple\n\n- 2 children under 16 of the same sex\n\n- 2 children under 10 (regardless of sex)\n\nThe following can have their own bedroom:\n\n- a single adult (16 or over)\n\n- a child that would normally share but shared bedrooms are already taken, for example you have 3 children and 2 already share\n\n- a couple or children who cannot share because of a disability or medical condition\n\n- an overnight carer for you, your partner, your child or another adult - this is only if the carer does not live with you but sometimes has to stay overnight\n\nOne spare bedroom is allowed for:\n\n- an approved foster carer who is between placements but only for up to 52 weeks from the end of the last placement\n\n- a newly approved foster carer for up to 52 weeks from the date of approval if no child is placed with them during that time\n\nRooms used by students and members of the armed or reserve forces will not be counted as \u2018spare\u2019 if they\u2019re away and intend to return home.\n\n## Private rent\n\nIf you rent privately, your eligible rent amount is either your Local Housing Allowance (LHA) rate or your actual rent, whichever is lower. The LHA rate is based on:\n\n- where you live\n\n- your household size - find out how many bedrooms you\u2019re eligible for\n\n## How much you can get\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- the lower figure of your \u2018eligible\u2019 rent or LHA rate\n\n- your household income including benefits, pensions and savings (over \u00a36,000)\n\n- your circumstances (for example your age or whether you have a disability)\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019re living in:\n\n- a houseboat or a mooring\n\n- a caravan site\n\n- a room with any meals included in the rent (sometimes known as a boarding home)\n\n- a hostel\n\n- a Rent Act protected property\n\n## Exception\n\nIf you\u2019ve been getting Housing Benefit since before 7 April 2008, these limits only apply if you:\n\n- change address\n\n- have a break in your claim for Housing Benefit\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe way you get paid Housing Benefit by your council depends on the type of tenant you are.\n\nIf you\u2019re a:\n\n- council tenant, it\u2019s paid into your rent account (you will not receive the money)\n\n- private or housing association tenant, it\u2019s paid into your bank or building society account (rarely by cheque)\n\n## The benefit cap\n\nThe benefit cap limits the total amount of benefit you can get. It applies to most people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age.\n\nIf you\u2019re affected, your Housing Benefit will go down to make sure that the total amount of benefit you get is not more than the cap level. Use the benefit cap calculator to find out how the benefit cap affects you.\n\n## Appeal a Housing Benefit decision\n\nContact your local council to appeal a Housing Benefit decision.\n\n## Supporting your claim\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide some information and evidence to support your claim for Housing Benefit.\n\nYou\u2019ll get Housing Benefit faster if you have this available when you make your claim.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- how much rent you pay\n\n- whether anything else is included in the rent, such as water, gas or electricity charges\n\n- if you pay any service charges, including building maintenance or insurance\n\n- your landlord or agent\u2019s details\n\n## Special types of tenancy\n\nIf your current tenancy started in 1997 or earlier and you rent from a private landlord, you\u2019ll need to know if you have an \u2018assured tenancy\u2019. You can check your tenancy on the Shelter website.\n\nIf you live in and pay rent for a government property (a \u2018Crown Tenant\u2019), you\u2019re not entitled to Housing Benefit. This includes armed forces living in service family accommodation (SFA).\n\n## Evidence you\u2019ll have to provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide original documents, not copies. The supporting evidence you\u2019ll need includes:\n\n- your most recent payslips (5 if paid weekly, or 2 if paid monthly)\n\n- bank or building society statements for the last 2 full months\n\n- proof of other income or investments, including shares, ISAs or Premium Bonds\n\n- proof of income for any non-dependants living with you, such as adult relatives or friends\n\nYou\u2019ll also need proof of your partner\u2019s name and address. You cannot use the same document to prove both their name and address.\n\nProvide any 2 of the following:\n\n- UK photocard driving licence\n\n- current passport\n\n- birth or marriage certificate\n\n- biometric residence permit\n\n- certificate of registration or naturalisation\n\n- permanent residence card\n\n- letter from HMRC or the Home Office\n\n- recent utility bill\n\n- recent bank or building society statement\n\n- recent benefit award statements\n\n## If you rent from a private landlord\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide one of the following:\n\n- a tenancy agreement or rent book\n\n- a letter from your landlord confirming your tenancy - this is usually supplied at the start of your tenancy\n\n## How to claim\n\nHousing Benefit is being replaced by Universal Credit. Most people will need to claim Universal Credit instead.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for Housing Benefit before you apply.\n\nYou can either apply:\n\n- through your local council\n\n- as part of a Pension Credit claim, if you\u2019re eligible for this\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence to support your Housing Benefit claim.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for Pension Credit\n\nYou can apply for Housing Benefit as part of your Pension Credit application.\n\nApply for Pension Credit online or contact the Pension Service to claim.\n\nThe Pension Service will send details of your claim for Housing Benefit to your council.\n\n## Claiming in advance and backdating\n\nYou can claim in advance by up to 13 weeks (or 17 weeks if you\u2019re aged 60 or over), for example if you\u2019re moving. You will not usually get any money before you move.\n\nYou might also be able to get your claim backdated - ask your council.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nYou can ask your council for a Housing Benefit decision to be reconsidered.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the response you can appeal the decision.\n\n## Report a change of circumstances\n\nYou need to report a change of circumstances for you and anyone else in your house.\n\nYour claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change of circumstances straight away.\n\nChanges can include:\n\n- starting or stopping work, education, training or an apprenticeship\n\n- changes to the benefits you or anyone else in your house gets\n\n- changes to your personal or workplace pension\n\n- changes to your savings, investments or property\n\n- your income going up or down\n\n- moving house\n\n- your rent going up or down\n\n- going abroad for any length of time\n\n- going into hospital, a care home or sheltered accommodation\n\n- people moving into or out of your house (for example your partner, a child or lodger)\n\n- having a baby\n\n- your partner or someone you live with dying\n\n- your child turning 18\n\n- changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nContact your council if you\u2019re not sure whether you need to report a change.\n\n## How to report\n\nReport a change of circumstances to your council.\n\n## If you receive other benefits\n\nYou need to report a change of circumstances for all benefits you receive.\n\n## If your other benefits stop\n\nSome benefits stop if you go back to work, work more hours or earn more money.\n\nIf this happens, your council might:\n\n- give you an extra 4 weeks of housing benefit (\u2018Extended Payment of Housing Benefit\u2019)\n\n- start paying you an \u2018in-work Housing Benefit\u2019\n\nYou do not have to claim - your council will decide if you\u2019re eligible for help and write to let you know.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## Other help with housing costs\n\nHousing Benefit will not cover heating, hot water, energy or food. If you need help, use a benefits calculator to see what else you might be entitled to.\n\n## Extra help to pay the rent\n\nYou could also apply for extra help from your council if your Housing Benefit does not cover your rent. This is called a Discretionary Housing Payment.\n\n## Help with heating costs\n\nCheck what help you can get with heating and energy costs.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit can help you pay your rent if you\u2019re unemployed, on a low income or claiming benefits. It\u2019s being replaced by Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    You can only make a new claim for Housing Benefit if either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have reached State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in supported, sheltered or temporary housing
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ve reached State Pension age

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single you can make a new claim for Housing Benefit.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over State Pension age and live with your partner

    ", + "

    You can make a new claim for Housing Benefit if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you and your partner have both reached State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • one of you has reached State Pension age and started claiming Pension Credit (for you as a couple) before 15 May 2019
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in supported, sheltered or temporary housing
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re over State Pension age and have an existing claim

    ", + "

    Your existing claim will not be affected if, before 15 May 2019, you:

    ", + "
  • were getting Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • had reached State Pension age
    • ", + "

    It does not matter if your partner is under State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change and your Housing Benefit is stopped, you cannot start getting it again unless you and your partner are eligible to make a new claim.

    ", + "

    You can apply for Universal Credit if you\u2019re not eligible.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in supported, sheltered or temporary housing

    ", + "

    You can make a new claim if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re living in temporary accommodation, such as a B&B arranged by your council
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re living in a refuge for survivors of domestic abuse
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re living in sheltered or supported housing (such as a hostel) which provides you with \u2018care, support or supervision\u2019
    • ", + "

    If you do not get \u2018care, support or supervision\u2019 through your supported or sheltered housing, you can apply for Universal Credit to help with housing costs.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in supported, sheltered or temporary housing, you can apply for Universal Credit to help with other living costs.

    ", + "

    When you may not be able to claim

    ", + "

    Usually, you will not get Housing Benefit if:

    ", + "
  • your savings are over \u00a316,000 - unless you get Guarantee Credit of Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re paying a mortgage on your own home - you may be able to get Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI)
    • ", + "
  • you live in the home of a close relative
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re already claiming Universal Credit (unless you\u2019re in temporary or supported housing)
    • ", + "
  • you live with your partner and they are already claiming Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a full-time student
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re residing in the UK as a European Economic Area jobseeker
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an asylum seeker or sponsored to be in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re subject to immigration control and your granted leave states that you cannot claim public funds
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a Crown Tenant
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve reached State Pension age but your live-in partner has not - unless you had an existing claim as a couple before 15 May 2019
    • ", + "

    You may be able to get other help with housing costs.

    ", + "

    If not, you\u2019ll need to claim Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to check if you can get Housing Benefit before you apply

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You may get help with all or part of your rent. There\u2019s no set amount of Housing Benefit and what you get will depend on whether you rent privately or from a council.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to work out what you could get or check what extra help is available.

    ", + "

    Council and social housing rent

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • your \u2018eligible\u2019 rent
    • ", + "
  • if you have a spare room
    • ", + "
  • your household income - including benefits, pensions and savings (over \u00a36,000)
    • ", + "
  • your circumstances, for example the age of people in the house or if someone has a disability
    • ", + "

    Eligible rent

    ", + "

    Your eligible rent is the amount used to calculate your Housing Benefit claim. It\u2019s your actual rent plus any service charges you have to pay (such as for lift maintenance or a communal laundry) but not things like heating or water costs for your home.

    ", + "

    Spare bedrooms

    ", + "

    Your Housing Benefit could be reduced if you live in council or social housing and have a spare bedroom. The reduction is:

    ", + "
  • 14% of the \u2018eligible rent\u2019 for 1 spare bedroom
    • ", + "
  • 25% of the \u2018eligible rent\u2019 for 2 or more spare bedrooms
    • ", + "

    Sharing bedrooms

    ", + "

    The following are expected to share:

    ", + "
  • an adult couple
    • ", + "
  • 2 children under 16 of the same sex
    • ", + "
  • 2 children under 10 (regardless of sex)
    • ", + "

    The following can have their own bedroom:

    ", + "
  • a single adult (16 or over)
    • ", + "
  • a child that would normally share but shared bedrooms are already taken, for example you have 3 children and 2 already share
    • ", + "
  • a couple or children who cannot share because of a disability or medical condition
    • ", + "
  • an overnight carer for you, your partner, your child or another adult - this is only if the carer does not live with you but sometimes has to stay overnight
    • ", + "

    One spare bedroom is allowed for:

    ", + "
  • an approved foster carer who is between placements but only for up to 52 weeks from the end of the last placement
    • ", + "
  • a newly approved foster carer for up to 52 weeks from the date of approval if no child is placed with them during that time
    • ", + "

    Rooms used by students and members of the armed or reserve forces will not be counted as \u2018spare\u2019 if they\u2019re away and intend to return home.

    ", + "

    Private rent

    ", + "

    If you rent privately, your eligible rent amount is either your Local Housing Allowance (LHA) rate or your actual rent, whichever is lower. The LHA rate is based on:

    ", + "
  • where you live
    • ", + "
  • your household size - find out how many bedrooms you\u2019re eligible for
    • ", + "

    How much you can get

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • the lower figure of your \u2018eligible\u2019 rent or LHA rate
    • ", + "
  • your household income including benefits, pensions and savings (over \u00a36,000)
    • ", + "
  • your circumstances (for example your age or whether you have a disability)
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council if you\u2019re living in:

    ", + "
  • a houseboat or a mooring
    • ", + "
  • a caravan site
    • ", + "
  • a room with any meals included in the rent (sometimes known as a boarding home)
    • ", + "
  • a hostel
    • ", + "
  • a Rent Act protected property
    • ", + "

    Exception

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been getting Housing Benefit since before 7 April 2008, these limits only apply if you:

    ", + "
  • change address
    • ", + "
  • have a break in your claim for Housing Benefit
    • ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    The way you get paid Housing Benefit by your council depends on the type of tenant you are.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • council tenant, it\u2019s paid into your rent account (you will not receive the money)
    • ", + "
  • private or housing association tenant, it\u2019s paid into your bank or building society account (rarely by cheque)
    • ", + "

    The benefit cap

    ", + "

    The benefit cap limits the total amount of benefit you can get. It applies to most people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re affected, your Housing Benefit will go down to make sure that the total amount of benefit you get is not more than the cap level. Use the benefit cap calculator to find out how the benefit cap affects you.

    ", + "

    Appeal a Housing Benefit decision

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to appeal a Housing Benefit decision.

    ", + "

    Supporting your claim

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide some information and evidence to support your claim for Housing Benefit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get Housing Benefit faster if you have this available when you make your claim.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to know:

    ", + "
  • how much rent you pay
    • ", + "
  • whether anything else is included in the rent, such as water, gas or electricity charges
    • ", + "
  • if you pay any service charges, including building maintenance or insurance
    • ", + "
  • your landlord or agent\u2019s details
    • ", + "

    Special types of tenancy

    ", + "

    If your current tenancy started in 1997 or earlier and you rent from a private landlord, you\u2019ll need to know if you have an \u2018assured tenancy\u2019. You can check your tenancy on the Shelter website.

    ", + "

    If you live in and pay rent for a government property (a \u2018Crown Tenant\u2019), you\u2019re not entitled to Housing Benefit. This includes armed forces living in service family accommodation (SFA).

    ", + "

    Evidence you\u2019ll have to provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide original documents, not copies. The supporting evidence you\u2019ll need includes:

    ", + "
  • your most recent payslips (5 if paid weekly, or 2 if paid monthly)
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society statements for the last 2 full months
    • ", + "
  • proof of other income or investments, including shares, ISAs or Premium Bonds
    • ", + "
  • proof of income for any non-dependants living with you, such as adult relatives or friends
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need proof of your partner\u2019s name and address. You cannot use the same document to prove both their name and address.

    ", + "

    Provide any 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • UK photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • current passport
    • ", + "
  • birth or marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • certificate of registration or naturalisation
    • ", + "
  • permanent residence card
    • ", + "
  • letter from HMRC or the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • recent utility bill
    • ", + "
  • recent bank or building society statement
    • ", + "
  • recent benefit award statements
    • ", + "

    If you rent from a private landlord

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a tenancy agreement or rent book
    • ", + "
  • a letter from your landlord confirming your tenancy - this is usually supplied at the start of your tenancy
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit is being replaced by Universal Credit. Most people will need to claim Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible for Housing Benefit before you apply.

    ", + "

    You can either apply:

    ", + "
  • through your local council
    • ", + "
  • as part of a Pension Credit claim, if you\u2019re eligible for this
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence to support your Housing Benefit claim.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for Pension Credit

    ", + "

    You can apply for Housing Benefit as part of your Pension Credit application.

    ", + "

    Apply for Pension Credit online or contact the Pension Service to claim.

    ", + "

    The Pension Service will send details of your claim for Housing Benefit to your council.

    ", + "

    Claiming in advance and backdating

    ", + "

    You can claim in advance by up to 13 weeks (or 17 weeks if you\u2019re aged 60 or over), for example if you\u2019re moving. You will not usually get any money before you move.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to get your claim backdated - ask your council.

    ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    You can ask your council for a Housing Benefit decision to be reconsidered.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the response you can appeal the decision.

    ", + "

    Report a change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You need to report a change of circumstances for you and anyone else in your house.

    ", + "

    Your claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change of circumstances straight away.

    ", + "

    Changes can include:

    ", + "
  • starting or stopping work, education, training or an apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • changes to the benefits you or anyone else in your house gets
    • ", + "
  • changes to your personal or workplace pension
    • ", + "
  • changes to your savings, investments or property
    • ", + "
  • your income going up or down
    • ", + "
  • moving house
    • ", + "
  • your rent going up or down
    • ", + "
  • going abroad for any length of time
    • ", + "
  • going into hospital, a care home or sheltered accommodation
    • ", + "
  • people moving into or out of your house (for example your partner, a child or lodger)
    • ", + "
  • having a baby
    • ", + "
  • your partner or someone you live with dying
    • ", + "
  • your child turning 18
    • ", + "
  • changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen
    • ", + "

    Contact your council if you\u2019re not sure whether you need to report a change.

    ", + "

    How to report

    ", + "

    Report a change of circumstances to your council.

    ", + "

    If you receive other benefits

    ", + "

    You need to report a change of circumstances for all benefits you receive.

    ", + "

    If your other benefits stop

    ", + "

    Some benefits stop if you go back to work, work more hours or earn more money.

    ", + "

    If this happens, your council might:

    ", + "
  • give you an extra 4 weeks of housing benefit (\u2018Extended Payment of Housing Benefit\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • start paying you an \u2018in-work Housing Benefit\u2019
    • ", + "

    You do not have to claim - your council will decide if you\u2019re eligible for help and write to let you know.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    ", + "

    Other help with housing costs

    ", + "

    Housing Benefit will not cover heating, hot water, energy or food. If you need help, use a benefits calculator to see what else you might be entitled to.

    ", + "

    Extra help to pay the rent

    ", + "

    You could also apply for extra help from your council if your Housing Benefit does not cover your rent. This is called a Discretionary Housing Payment.

    ", + "

    Help with heating costs

    ", + "

    Check what help you can get with heating and energy costs.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/support-for-mortgage-interest": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-for-mortgage-interest", + "title": "Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re a homeowner, you might be able to get help towards interest payments on:\n\n- your mortgage\n\n- loans you\u2019ve taken out for certain repairs and improvements to your home\n\nThis help is called Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIt\u2019s paid as a loan, which you\u2019ll need to repay with interest when you sell or transfer ownership of your home (unless you\u2019re moving the loan to another property).\n\nYou usually need to be getting, or treated as getting, a qualifying benefit to get SMI.\n\nThere\u2019s no guarantee that you\u2019ll get SMI for a mortgage or loan you take out.\n\n## What you cannot use SMI for\n\nSMI cannot help you pay:\n\n- the amount you borrowed - only the interest on your mortgage\n\n- anything towards insurance policies you have\n\n- missed mortgage payments (arrears)\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you qualify for Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI), you\u2019ll usually get help paying the interest on up to \u00a3200,000 of your loan or mortgage.\n\nHowever, you can only get up to \u00a3100,000 if either:\n\n- you\u2019re getting Pension Credit\n\n- you started claiming another qualifying benefit before January 2009 and you were below State Pension age at that time\n\nIf you\u2019re already getting SMI and move to Pension Credit within 12 weeks of stopping your other benefits, you\u2019ll still get help with interest on up to \u00a3200,000.\n\nThe interest rate used to calculate the amount of SMI you\u2019ll get is currently 2.09%.\n\n## What you\u2019ll pay back\n\nSMI is paid as a loan. You\u2019ll need to repay the money you get with interest when you sell or transfer ownership of your home (unless you\u2019re moving the loan to another property).\n\nThe interest added to the loan can go up or down, but the rate will not change more than twice a year. The current rate is 0.3%.\n\nIf you want to pay the loan back more quickly, you can also make voluntary repayments. The minimum voluntary repayment is \u00a3100 or the outstanding balance if it\u2019s less than \u00a3100.\n\n## How SMI is paid\n\nSMI is normally paid direct to your lender.\n\nPayments can start either:\n\n- from the date you start getting Pension Credit\n\n- after you\u2019ve received Universal Credit for 9 months in a row, as long as you\u2019re not getting certain income\n\n- after you\u2019ve claimed any other qualifying benefit for 39 weeks in a row\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible for a Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI) loan, you usually need to be getting one of the following qualifying benefits:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Pension Credit\n\nContact the relevant office to check if you\u2019re eligible for SMI.\n\nYou can start getting the loan:\n\n- from the date you start getting Pension Credit\n\n- after you\u2019ve claimed Income Support, income-based JSA or income-based ESA for 39 weeks in a row\n\n- after you\u2019ve received Universal Credit for 9 months in a row, as long as you\u2019re not getting certain income\n\n## If you receive Universal Credit\n\nYou cannot get SMI if you get any of the following income:\n\n- earnings from your job if you\u2019re employed or self-employed\n\n- a tax refund\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Statutory Shared Parental Pay\n\nTo start getting SMI (or get it again if your SMI stopped), you\u2019ll need to stop getting this income and then get Universal Credit for 9 months in a row.\n\n## If your income is too high to get a qualifying benefit\n\nYou might still be able to get SMI if you apply for one of the qualifying benefits but cannot get it because your income is too high. You\u2019ll then be treated as getting the benefit you applied for.\n\nYou will not be treated as getting Universal Credit if you cannot get it because your income is too high.\n\n## How to apply\n\nWhen you apply for a qualifying benefit, you\u2019ll be asked extra questions about your housing costs to find out if you\u2019re eligible for Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI). You might also be sent a form asking for more detailed information.\n\nIf you qualify for SMI, you\u2019ll be offered a loan.\n\nIf you turn down the offer at first, you can still accept it at any time as long as you\u2019re eligible for SMI. The payments to your lender will be backdated to when you were first entitled to the loan. Contact the office that pays your benefit.\n\n## If you already get a qualifying benefit\n\nContact the office that pays your benefit to find out if you could get an SMI loan.\n\nThe payments to your lender will be backdated to when you were first entitled to the loan.\n\nIf you get or have applied for Income Support, income-based JSA or income-related ESA, contact Jobcentre Plus.\n\nIf you get or have applied for Pension Credit, contact the Pension Service.\n\nIf you get or have applied for Universal Credit, contact the Universal Credit helpline.\n\n## Repaying your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll need to repay your SMI loan with interest if you sell or transfer ownership of your home.\n\nThe interest you pay can go up or down, but the rate will not change more than twice a year. The current rate is 0.3%. You\u2019ll be told if this is going to change.\n\n## Selling your home\n\nYou will not be asked to sell your home in order to repay your SMI loan.\n\nIf you sell your home, you\u2019ll repay the SMI loan from what\u2019s left after you pay:\n\n- your mortgage\n\n- any home improvement loans\n\n- any other loans secured against your home\n\nIf you do not have enough left to pay off all of the SMI loan, you will have to pay back what you can. The rest of the loan will be written off.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying a new home\n\nYou may be able to transfer the loan to your new home. Contact DWP Loan Management as soon as you know you intend to move, and before you complete your sale.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give DWP Loan Management your solicitor\u2019s contact details. They will work with your solicitor to arrange for the loan to be moved to your new home.\n\nThe office paying your qualifying benefit will also check you\u2019re still eligible.\n\n## Voluntary repayments\n\nIf you want to pay the loan back more quickly, you can also make voluntary repayments. The minimum voluntary repayment is \u00a3100 or the outstanding balance if it\u2019s less than \u00a3100.\n\n## How to repay\n\nContact DWP Loan Repayment to ask for a \u2018settlement letter\u2019 - this will tell you how much you need to pay.\n\nYou can pay by telephone or online banking using the bank account details in your settlement letter.\n\n## Get other financial help with your housing costs\n\nYou can still get financial help with your housing costs if your Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance is going to stop because you are about to:\n\n- return to work full-time\n\n- work more hours\n\n- earn more money\n\n## Help and support\n\nYou can get free information about housing support from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Money Advice Service\n\n- Shelter", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a homeowner, you might be able to get help towards interest payments on:

    ", + "
  • your mortgage
    • ", + "
  • loans you\u2019ve taken out for certain repairs and improvements to your home
    • ", + "

    This help is called Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI).

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    It\u2019s paid as a loan, which you\u2019ll need to repay with interest when you sell or transfer ownership of your home (unless you\u2019re moving the loan to another property).

    ", + "

    You usually need to be getting, or treated as getting, a qualifying benefit to get SMI.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no guarantee that you\u2019ll get SMI for a mortgage or loan you take out.

    ", + "

    What you cannot use SMI for

    ", + "

    SMI cannot help you pay:

    ", + "
  • the amount you borrowed - only the interest on your mortgage
    • ", + "
  • anything towards insurance policies you have
    • ", + "
  • missed mortgage payments (arrears)
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    If you qualify for Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI), you\u2019ll usually get help paying the interest on up to \u00a3200,000 of your loan or mortgage.

    ", + "

    However, you can only get up to \u00a3100,000 if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re getting Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • you started claiming another qualifying benefit before January 2009 and you were below State Pension age at that time
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re already getting SMI and move to Pension Credit within 12 weeks of stopping your other benefits, you\u2019ll still get help with interest on up to \u00a3200,000.

    ", + "

    The interest rate used to calculate the amount of SMI you\u2019ll get is currently 2.09%.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll pay back

    ", + "

    SMI is paid as a loan. You\u2019ll need to repay the money you get with interest when you sell or transfer ownership of your home (unless you\u2019re moving the loan to another property).

    ", + "

    The interest added to the loan can go up or down, but the rate will not change more than twice a year. The current rate is 0.3%.

    ", + "

    If you want to pay the loan back more quickly, you can also make voluntary repayments. The minimum voluntary repayment is \u00a3100 or the outstanding balance if it\u2019s less than \u00a3100.

    ", + "

    How SMI is paid

    ", + "

    SMI is normally paid direct to your lender.

    ", + "

    Payments can start either:

    ", + "
  • from the date you start getting Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • after you\u2019ve received Universal Credit for 9 months in a row, as long as you\u2019re not getting certain income
    • ", + "
  • after you\u2019ve claimed any other qualifying benefit for 39 weeks in a row
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible for a Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI) loan, you usually need to be getting one of the following qualifying benefits:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "

    Contact the relevant office to check if you\u2019re eligible for SMI.

    ", + "

    You can start getting the loan:

    ", + "
  • from the date you start getting Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • after you\u2019ve claimed Income Support, income-based JSA or income-based ESA for 39 weeks in a row
    • ", + "
  • after you\u2019ve received Universal Credit for 9 months in a row, as long as you\u2019re not getting certain income
    • ", + "

    If you receive Universal Credit

    ", + "

    You cannot get SMI if you get any of the following income:

    ", + "
  • earnings from your job if you\u2019re employed or self-employed
    • ", + "
  • a tax refund
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Paternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Shared Parental Pay
    • ", + "

    To start getting SMI (or get it again if your SMI stopped), you\u2019ll need to stop getting this income and then get Universal Credit for 9 months in a row.

    ", + "

    If your income is too high to get a qualifying benefit

    ", + "

    You might still be able to get SMI if you apply for one of the qualifying benefits but cannot get it because your income is too high. You\u2019ll then be treated as getting the benefit you applied for.

    ", + "

    You will not be treated as getting Universal Credit if you cannot get it because your income is too high.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply for a qualifying benefit, you\u2019ll be asked extra questions about your housing costs to find out if you\u2019re eligible for Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI). You might also be sent a form asking for more detailed information.

    ", + "

    If you qualify for SMI, you\u2019ll be offered a loan.

    ", + "

    If you turn down the offer at first, you can still accept it at any time as long as you\u2019re eligible for SMI. The payments to your lender will be backdated to when you were first entitled to the loan. Contact the office that pays your benefit.

    ", + "

    If you already get a qualifying benefit

    ", + "

    Contact the office that pays your benefit to find out if you could get an SMI loan.

    ", + "

    The payments to your lender will be backdated to when you were first entitled to the loan.

    ", + "

    If you get or have applied for Income Support, income-based JSA or income-related ESA, contact Jobcentre Plus.

    ", + "

    If you get or have applied for Pension Credit, contact the Pension Service.

    ", + "

    If you get or have applied for Universal Credit, contact the Universal Credit helpline.

    ", + "

    Repaying your loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to repay your SMI loan with interest if you sell or transfer ownership of your home.

    ", + "

    The interest you pay can go up or down, but the rate will not change more than twice a year. The current rate is 0.3%. You\u2019ll be told if this is going to change.

    ", + "

    Selling your home

    ", + "

    You will not be asked to sell your home in order to repay your SMI loan.

    ", + "

    If you sell your home, you\u2019ll repay the SMI loan from what\u2019s left after you pay:

    ", + "
  • your mortgage
    • ", + "
  • any home improvement loans
    • ", + "
  • any other loans secured against your home
    • ", + "

    If you do not have enough left to pay off all of the SMI loan, you will have to pay back what you can. The rest of the loan will be written off.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying a new home

    ", + "

    You may be able to transfer the loan to your new home. Contact DWP Loan Management as soon as you know you intend to move, and before you complete your sale.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give DWP Loan Management your solicitor\u2019s contact details. They will work with your solicitor to arrange for the loan to be moved to your new home.

    ", + "

    The office paying your qualifying benefit will also check you\u2019re still eligible.

    ", + "

    Voluntary repayments

    ", + "

    If you want to pay the loan back more quickly, you can also make voluntary repayments. The minimum voluntary repayment is \u00a3100 or the outstanding balance if it\u2019s less than \u00a3100.

    ", + "

    How to repay

    ", + "

    Contact DWP Loan Repayment to ask for a \u2018settlement letter\u2019 - this will tell you how much you need to pay.

    ", + "

    You can pay by telephone or online banking using the bank account details in your settlement letter.

    ", + "

    Get other financial help with your housing costs

    ", + "

    You can still get financial help with your housing costs if your Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance is going to stop because you are about to:

    ", + "
  • return to work full-time
    • ", + "
  • work more hours
    • ", + "
  • earn more money
    • ", + "

    Help and support

    ", + "

    You can get free information about housing support from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • Money Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/mortgage-interest-run-on": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mortgage-interest-run-on", + "title": "Mortgage Interest Run On", + "content": "## Overview\n\nMortgage Interest Run On is extra money you can get towards your housing costs if certain other benefits are stopping because you\u2019re:\n\n- returning to work full-time\n\n- working more hours\n\n- earning more money\n\nYou can get this help for 4 weeks.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible and were getting Support for Mortgage Interest before your work situation changed, you\u2019ll usually continue to get the same amount as you were getting before your benefits stopped.\n\nPayments for your mortgage or loan interest will be paid direct to you instead of to your lender.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can claim Mortgage Interest Run On if you\u2019ve stopped getting income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance, Income Support or income-related Employment and Support Allowance because you\u2019re:\n\n- returning to work full-time\n\n- working more hours\n\n- earning more money\n\nAll of the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve been claiming the benefit continuously for at least 26 weeks\n\n- you expect the work (or more money) to last for 5 weeks or more\n\n- you were entitled to help with your\u00a0housing costs\u00a0before your work started and you\u2019ll still have these costs when you start work\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou don\u2019t need to apply - you should get Mortgage Interest Run On automatically. You just need to let your Jobcentre Plus office know as soon as you\u2019re starting work.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Mortgage Interest Run On is extra money you can get towards your housing costs if certain other benefits are stopping because you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • returning to work full-time
    • ", + "
  • working more hours
    • ", + "
  • earning more money
    • ", + "

    You can get this help for 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible and were getting Support for Mortgage Interest before your work situation changed, you\u2019ll usually continue to get the same amount as you were getting before your benefits stopped.

    ", + "

    Payments for your mortgage or loan interest will be paid direct to you instead of to your lender.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can claim Mortgage Interest Run On if you\u2019ve stopped getting income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance, Income Support or income-related Employment and Support Allowance because you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • returning to work full-time
    • ", + "
  • working more hours
    • ", + "
  • earning more money
    • ", + "

    All of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been claiming the benefit continuously for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you expect the work (or more money) to last for 5 weeks or more
    • ", + "
  • you were entitled to help with your\u00a0housing costs\u00a0before your work started and you\u2019ll still have these costs when you start work
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to apply - you should get Mortgage Interest Run On automatically. You just need to let your Jobcentre Plus office know as soon as you\u2019re starting work.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/the-warm-home-discount-scheme": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/the-warm-home-discount-scheme", + "title": "Warm Home Discount Scheme", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou could get \u00a3140 off your electricity bill for winter 2021 to 2022 under the Warm Home Discount Scheme. The scheme opens on 18 October 2021.\n\nThe money is not paid to you - it\u2019s a one-off discount on your electricity bill, between October and March.\n\nYou may be able to get the discount on your gas bill instead if your supplier provides you with both gas and electricity. Contact your supplier to find out.\n\nThe discount will not affect your Cold Weather Payment or Winter Fuel Payment.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThere are 2 ways to qualify for the Warm Home Discount Scheme:\n\n- you get the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit - known as the \u2018core group\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re on a low income and meet your energy supplier\u2019s criteria for the scheme - known as the \u2018broader group\u2019\n\nHow you apply for the Warm Home Discount Scheme depends on how you qualify for the discount.\n\n## Pre-pay or pay-as-you-go meters\n\nYou can still qualify for the discount if you use a pre-pay or pay-as-you-go electricity meter.\n\nYour electricity supplier can tell you how you\u2019ll get the discount if you\u2019re eligible, for example a voucher you can use to top up your meter.\n\n## Park (mobile) homes\n\nYou apply a different way if you live in a park home.\n\nPark home applications for winter 2021 to 2022 will open in autumn 2021.\n\nFill in the Park Homes Warm Home Discount contact form to be told when the scheme reopens.\n\nContact Charis Grants for more information about the scheme.\n\n## If you get the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit\n\nYou qualify for the discount if on 4 July 2021 all of the following apply:\n\n- your energy supplier is part of the scheme\n\n- your name (or your partner\u2019s) is on the bill\n\n- you or your partner are getting the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit (even if you get Savings Credit as well)\n\nThis is known as being in the \u2018core group\u2019.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll receive a letter between October and December 2021 telling you how to get the discount if you qualify.\n\nYour letter will say if you need to call a helpline by 28 February 2022 to confirm your details.\n\nYour electricity supplier will apply the discount to your bill by 31 March 2022.\n\n## If you do not get a letter\n\nContact the Warm Home Discount helpline if you do not get the letter by 31 December and you think you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019.\n\nDo not contact the Warm Home Discount helpline if you\u2019re not eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible to apply another way.\n\n## If you\u2019re on a low income\n\nYou may be able to apply directly to your electricity supplier for help if you do not get the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit but:\n\n- your energy supplier is part of the scheme\n\n- you\u2019re on a low income\n\n- you get certain means-tested benefits\n\nThis is known as being in the \u2018broader group\u2019.\n\nTo get the discount you\u2019ll need to stay with your supplier until it\u2019s paid.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour electricity supplier decides who can get the discount.\n\nThe number of discounts suppliers can give is limited. Check with your supplier as early as possible to see if you\u2019re eligible and how to apply.\n\nCheck with them even if you were eligible for a discount last year.\n\nYour electricity supplier will apply the discount to your bill by 31 March 2022.\n\n## Energy suppliers\n\nThe following suppliers were part of the scheme in winter 2020 to 2021:\n\n- Affect Energy \u2013 see Octopus Energy\n\n- Atlantic \u2013 see SSE\n\n- Avro Energy\n\n- Boost\n\n- Bristol Energy - only if you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019\n\n- British Gas\n\n- British Gas Evolve (formerly British Gas X)\n\n- Bulb Energy\n\n- Co-op Energy - see Octopus Energy\n\n- E (Gas and Electricity)\n\n- E.ON\n\n- Ecotricity - only if you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019\n\n- EDF Energy\n\n- Green Energy UK (GEUK) - only if you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019\n\n- Green Network Energy\n\n- Green Star Energy - see Shell Energy\n\n- iSupply Energy - see EDF Energy\n\n- London Power \u2013 see Octopus Energy\n\n- Lumo - see OVO\n\n- M&S Energy \u2013 see Octopus Energy\n\n- npower\n\n- nPower Select - see E.ON Next\n\n- Octopus Energy\n\n- OVO\n\n- Powershop\n\n- Pure Planet\n\n- Qwest Energy - see Octopus Energy\n\n- Roar Power - see Octopus Energy\n\n- Sainsbury\u2019s Energy\n\n- Scottish Hydro \u2013 see SSE\n\n- ScottishPower\n\n- Shell Energy\n\n- So Energy\n\n- Southern Electric \u2013 see SSE\n\n- Spark\n\n- SSE\n\n- Swalec \u2013 see SSE\n\n- Symbio Energy\n\n- Tonik Energy - see ScottishPower\n\n- Utilita\n\n- Utility Point - only if you\u2019re eligible for the core group\n\n- Utility Warehouse", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You could get \u00a3140 off your electricity bill for winter 2021 to 2022 under the Warm Home Discount Scheme. The scheme opens on 18 October 2021.

    ", + "

    The money is not paid to you - it\u2019s a one-off discount on your electricity bill, between October and March.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get the discount on your gas bill instead if your supplier provides you with both gas and electricity. Contact your supplier to find out.

    ", + "

    The discount will not affect your Cold Weather Payment or Winter Fuel Payment.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways to qualify for the Warm Home Discount Scheme:

    ", + "
  • you get the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit - known as the \u2018core group\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re on a low income and meet your energy supplier\u2019s criteria for the scheme - known as the \u2018broader group\u2019
    • ", + "

    How you apply for the Warm Home Discount Scheme depends on how you qualify for the discount.

    ", + "

    Pre-pay or pay-as-you-go meters

    ", + "

    You can still qualify for the discount if you use a pre-pay or pay-as-you-go electricity meter.

    ", + "

    Your electricity supplier can tell you how you\u2019ll get the discount if you\u2019re eligible, for example a voucher you can use to top up your meter.

    ", + "

    Park (mobile) homes

    ", + "

    You apply a different way if you live in a park home.

    ", + "

    Park home applications for winter 2021 to 2022 will open in autumn 2021.

    ", + "

    Fill in the Park Homes Warm Home Discount contact form to be told when the scheme reopens.

    ", + "

    Contact Charis Grants for more information about the scheme.

    ", + "

    If you get the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit

    ", + "

    You qualify for the discount if on 4 July 2021 all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your energy supplier is part of the scheme
    • ", + "
  • your name (or your partner\u2019s) is on the bill
    • ", + "
  • you or your partner are getting the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit (even if you get Savings Credit as well)
    • ", + "

    This is known as being in the \u2018core group\u2019.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive a letter between October and December 2021 telling you how to get the discount if you qualify.

    ", + "

    Your letter will say if you need to call a helpline by 28 February 2022 to confirm your details.

    ", + "

    Your electricity supplier will apply the discount to your bill by 31 March 2022.

    ", + "

    If you do not get a letter

    ", + "

    Contact the Warm Home Discount helpline if you do not get the letter by 31 December and you think you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019.

    ", + "

    Do not contact the Warm Home Discount helpline if you\u2019re not eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible to apply another way.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply directly to your electricity supplier for help if you do not get the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit but:

    ", + "
  • your energy supplier is part of the scheme
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re on a low income
    • ", + "
  • you get certain means-tested benefits
    • ", + "

    This is known as being in the \u2018broader group\u2019.

    ", + "

    To get the discount you\u2019ll need to stay with your supplier until it\u2019s paid.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your electricity supplier decides who can get the discount.

    ", + "

    The number of discounts suppliers can give is limited. Check with your supplier as early as possible to see if you\u2019re eligible and how to apply.

    ", + "

    Check with them even if you were eligible for a discount last year.

    ", + "

    Your electricity supplier will apply the discount to your bill by 31 March 2022.

    ", + "

    Energy suppliers

    ", + "

    The following suppliers were part of the scheme in winter 2020 to 2021:

    ", + "
  • Affect Energy \u2013 see Octopus Energy
    • ", + "
  • Atlantic \u2013 see SSE
    • ", + "
  • Avro Energy
    • ", + "
  • Boost
    • ", + "
  • Bristol Energy - only if you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019
    • ", + "
  • British Gas
    • ", + "
  • British Gas Evolve (formerly British Gas X)
    • ", + "
  • Bulb Energy
    • ", + "
  • Co-op Energy - see Octopus Energy
    • ", + "
  • E (Gas and Electricity)
    • ", + "
  • E.ON
    • ", + "
  • Ecotricity - only if you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019
    • ", + "
  • EDF Energy
    • ", + "
  • Green Energy UK (GEUK) - only if you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019
    • ", + "
  • Green Network Energy
    • ", + "
  • Green Star Energy - see Shell Energy
    • ", + "
  • iSupply Energy - see EDF Energy
    • ", + "
  • London Power \u2013 see Octopus Energy
    • ", + "
  • Lumo - see OVO
    • ", + "
  • M&S Energy \u2013 see Octopus Energy
    • ", + "
  • npower
    • ", + "
  • nPower Select - see E.ON Next
    • ", + "
  • Octopus Energy
    • ", + "
  • OVO
    • ", + "
  • Powershop
    • ", + "
  • Pure Planet
    • ", + "
  • Qwest Energy - see Octopus Energy
    • ", + "
  • Roar Power - see Octopus Energy
    • ", + "
  • Sainsbury\u2019s Energy
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Hydro \u2013 see SSE
    • ", + "
  • ScottishPower
    • ", + "
  • Shell Energy
    • ", + "
  • So Energy
    • ", + "
  • Southern Electric \u2013 see SSE
    • ", + "
  • Spark
    • ", + "
  • SSE
    • ", + "
  • Swalec \u2013 see SSE
    • ", + "
  • Symbio Energy
    • ", + "
  • Tonik Energy - see ScottishPower
    • ", + "
  • Utilita
    • ", + "
  • Utility Point - only if you\u2019re eligible for the core group
    • ", + "
  • Utility Warehouse
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/national-concessionary-fuel-scheme": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-concessionary-fuel-scheme", + "title": "National Concessionary Fuel Scheme", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou could get free solid fuel or a cash allowance for fuel if you\u2019re an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC).\n\nYou need to qualify to get the fuel allowance through the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS), and you can only get the cash allowance if you\u2019re already getting fuel through the scheme.\n\nYou might be eligible for the allowance if you\u2019re the widow or widower of an ex-employee, if the employee qualified for the NCFS.\n\n## What you'll get\n\n## Solid fuel\n\nIf you qualify for the allowance you\u2019ll get a delivery of solid fuel every 4 or 5 weeks, depending on where you live.\n\nYou might be able to change to \u2018cash in lieu\u2019 (or a cash allowance) if you already get fuel through the scheme and your circumstances have not changed.\n\nYou will need to return a Certificate of Continued Entitlement each year to keep your allowance.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe cash allowance is paid every 3 months into your bank or building society account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nContact the National Concessionary Fuel Office (NCFO) to check if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou might be eligible for the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS) if you\u2019re:\n\n- an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC)\n\n- a widow or widower of an ex-employee who would have been eligible\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nYour allowance might be affected if your circumstances change, including:\n\n- who owns or rents your property changes\n\n- you change your heating arrangements\n\n- you remarry, marry or move in with a partner (widows, widowers and dependents only)\n\n- who lives in your home changes (family or lodgers moving in)\n\n- you take up employment or self-employment\n\nYou need to inform the NCFO of any changes in circumstances as your allowance can change. If your allowance goes down, any overpayments must be repaid in full.\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact the National Concessionary Fuel Office (NCFO) to apply.\n\n## Applying on behalf of someone else\n\nYou can apply for the fuel allowance on behalf of someone else if they\u2019re unable to.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get authorisation by having one of:\n\n- a letter from the Department of Work and Pensions (DWP) stating that you are authorised to act on their behalf\n\n- a photocopy of your Power of Attorney\n\n- a letter signed by the person you are applying for stating that you are looking after their affairs\n\nIf payments are paid into a different account from the person getting the allowance, you need:\n\n- a photocopy of your Power of Attorney\n\n- a letter from DWP stating that you are looking after their financial affairs\n\n- a form from the NFCO signed by the person you are applying for\n\nYou need to contact the NFCO for the form or \u2018mandate\u2019.\n\n## Changing your delivery\n\nContact CPL Distribution on 0345 521 5214 to change your fuel delivery date and/or the amount of fuel you want delivered.\n\nFind out about call charges.\n\nContact the NCFO to change the type of fuel you get. You can only get 1 type of fuel delivered at a time. Get advice about the types of fuel to use from the Solid Fuel Association.\n\nYou cannot sell or give away unused fuel. If you change your type of solid fuel appliance you must refuse deliveries and left over fuel must be collected by the distributor.\n\n## Switching from fuel to cash allowance\n\nContact NCFO with your bank or building society account details to switch from fuel to cash. You can switch back to solid fuel but only after 12 months.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You could get free solid fuel or a cash allowance for fuel if you\u2019re an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC).

    ", + "

    You need to qualify to get the fuel allowance through the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS), and you can only get the cash allowance if you\u2019re already getting fuel through the scheme.

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for the allowance if you\u2019re the widow or widower of an ex-employee, if the employee qualified for the NCFS.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Solid fuel

    ", + "

    If you qualify for the allowance you\u2019ll get a delivery of solid fuel every 4 or 5 weeks, depending on where you live.

    ", + "

    You might be able to change to \u2018cash in lieu\u2019 (or a cash allowance) if you already get fuel through the scheme and your circumstances have not changed.

    ", + "

    You will need to return a Certificate of Continued Entitlement each year to keep your allowance.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    The cash allowance is paid every 3 months into your bank or building society account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Contact the National Concessionary Fuel Office (NCFO) to check if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS) if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC)
    • ", + "
  • a widow or widower of an ex-employee who would have been eligible
    • ", + "

    Change of circumstances

    ", + "

    Your allowance might be affected if your circumstances change, including:

    ", + "
  • who owns or rents your property changes
    • ", + "
  • you change your heating arrangements
    • ", + "
  • you remarry, marry or move in with a partner (widows, widowers and dependents only)
    • ", + "
  • who lives in your home changes (family or lodgers moving in)
    • ", + "
  • you take up employment or self-employment
    • ", + "

    You need to inform the NCFO of any changes in circumstances as your allowance can change. If your allowance goes down, any overpayments must be repaid in full.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Contact the National Concessionary Fuel Office (NCFO) to apply.

    ", + "

    Applying on behalf of someone else

    ", + "

    You can apply for the fuel allowance on behalf of someone else if they\u2019re unable to.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get authorisation by having one of:

    ", + "
  • a letter from the Department of Work and Pensions (DWP) stating that you are authorised to act on their behalf
    • ", + "
  • a photocopy of your Power of Attorney
    • ", + "
  • a letter signed by the person you are applying for stating that you are looking after their affairs
    • ", + "

    If payments are paid into a different account from the person getting the allowance, you need:

    ", + "
  • a photocopy of your Power of Attorney
    • ", + "
  • a letter from DWP stating that you are looking after their financial affairs
    • ", + "
  • a form from the NFCO signed by the person you are applying for
    • ", + "

    You need to contact the NFCO for the form or \u2018mandate\u2019.

    ", + "

    Changing your delivery

    ", + "

    Contact CPL Distribution on 0345 521 5214 to change your fuel delivery date and/or the amount of fuel you want delivered.

    ", + "

    Find out about call charges.

    ", + "

    Contact the NCFO to change the type of fuel you get. You can only get 1 type of fuel delivered at a time. Get advice about the types of fuel to use from the Solid Fuel Association.

    ", + "

    You cannot sell or give away unused fuel. If you change your type of solid fuel appliance you must refuse deliveries and left over fuel must be collected by the distributor.

    ", + "

    Switching from fuel to cash allowance

    ", + "

    Contact NCFO with your bank or building society account details to switch from fuel to cash. You can switch back to solid fuel but only after 12 months.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/bereavement-support-payment": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bereavement-support-payment", + "title": "Bereavement Support Payment", + "content": "## Eligibility\n\nYou may be able to get Bereavement Support Payment (BSP) if your husband, wife or civil partner died in the last 21 months.\n\nYou must claim within 3 months of your partner\u2019s death to get the full amount. You can claim up to 21 months after their death but you\u2019ll get fewer monthly payments.\n\nBereavement Support Payment has replaced Bereavement Allowance (previously Widow\u2019s Pension), Bereavement Payment, and Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance.\n\nYou could be eligible if your partner either:\n\n- paid National Insurance contributions for at least 25 weeks in one tax year since 6 April 1975\n\n- died because of an accident at work or a disease caused by work\n\nWhen they died you must have been:\n\n- under State Pension age\n\n- living in the UK or a country that pays bereavement benefits\n\nYou cannot claim BSP if you\u2019re in prison.\n\n## If your partner died more than 21 months ago\n\nYou may still be able to claim BSP if your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s cause of death was confirmed more than 21 months after the death. Call the Bereavement Service helpline.\n\nIf your husband, wife or civil partner died before 6 April 2017, you may be able to get Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance instead.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou\u2019ll get a first payment and then up to 18 monthly payments. There are 2 rates.\n\n| | First payment | Monthly payment |\n\n| Higher rate | \u00a33,500 | \u00a3350 |\n\n| Lower rate | \u00a32,500 | \u00a3100 |\n\nIf you get Child Benefit (or if you do not get it but are entitled to it), you\u2019ll get the higher rate.\n\nIf you do not get Child Benefit, you\u2019ll get the lower rate unless you were pregnant when your husband, wife or civil partner died.\n\nYou must claim within 3 months of your partner\u2019s death to get the full amount. If you claim later, you\u2019ll get fewer monthly payments.\n\nYour payments will be paid into your bank or building society account.\n\n## If you get benefits\n\nBereavement Support Payment will not affect your benefits for a year after your first payment. After a year, money you have left from your first payment could affect the amount you get if you renew or make a claim for another benefit.\n\nYou must tell your benefits office (for example, your local Jobcentre Plus) when you start getting Bereavement Support Payment.\n\n## How to claim\n\nHow you apply depends on where you are.\n\n## If you\u2019re in England, Scotland or Wales\n\nThe quickest way to apply is by phone. You can also apply using a paper form.\n\nIf you\u2019ve arranged to pay your Self Assessment tax and National Insurance bill in instalments because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your application might be rejected. Contact HMRC before applying for Bereavement Support.\n\n## Apply by phone\n\n## Apply using a paper form\n\nTo get a form, you can either:\n\n- download a Bereavement Support Payment form (BSP1)\n\n- contact your nearest Jobcentre Plus to get one through the post\n\nFill in the claim form and send it to:\n\n## If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019re abroad\n\nCall the International Pension Centre to apply.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Bereavement Support Payment (BSP) if your husband, wife or civil partner died in the last 21 months.

    ", + "

    You must claim within 3 months of your partner\u2019s death to get the full amount. You can claim up to 21 months after their death but you\u2019ll get fewer monthly payments.

    ", + "

    Bereavement Support Payment has replaced Bereavement Allowance (previously Widow\u2019s Pension), Bereavement Payment, and Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    You could be eligible if your partner either:

    ", + "
  • paid National Insurance contributions for at least 25 weeks in one tax year since 6 April 1975
    • ", + "
  • died because of an accident at work or a disease caused by work
    • ", + "

    When they died you must have been:

    ", + "
  • under State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • living in the UK or a country that pays bereavement benefits
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim BSP if you\u2019re in prison.

    ", + "

    If your partner died more than 21 months ago

    ", + "

    You may still be able to claim BSP if your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s cause of death was confirmed more than 21 months after the death. Call the Bereavement Service helpline.

    ", + "

    If your husband, wife or civil partner died before 6 April 2017, you may be able to get Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a first payment and then up to 18 monthly payments. There are 2 rates.

    ", + " | First payment | Monthly payment", + "Higher rate | \u00a33,500 | \u00a3350", + "Lower rate | \u00a32,500 | \u00a3100", + "

    If you get Child Benefit (or if you do not get it but are entitled to it), you\u2019ll get the higher rate.

    ", + "

    If you do not get Child Benefit, you\u2019ll get the lower rate unless you were pregnant when your husband, wife or civil partner died.

    ", + "

    You must claim within 3 months of your partner\u2019s death to get the full amount. If you claim later, you\u2019ll get fewer monthly payments.

    ", + "

    Your payments will be paid into your bank or building society account.

    ", + "

    If you get benefits

    ", + "

    Bereavement Support Payment will not affect your benefits for a year after your first payment. After a year, money you have left from your first payment could affect the amount you get if you renew or make a claim for another benefit.

    ", + "

    You must tell your benefits office (for example, your local Jobcentre Plus) when you start getting Bereavement Support Payment.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on where you are.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in England, Scotland or Wales

    ", + "

    The quickest way to apply is by phone. You can also apply using a paper form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve arranged to pay your Self Assessment tax and National Insurance bill in instalments because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your application might be rejected. Contact HMRC before applying for Bereavement Support.

    ", + "

    Apply by phone

    ", + "

    Apply using a paper form

    ", + "

    To get a form, you can either:

    ", + "
  • download a Bereavement Support Payment form (BSP1)
    • ", + "
  • contact your nearest Jobcentre Plus to get one through the post
    • ", + "

    Fill in the claim form and send it to:

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re abroad

    ", + "

    Call the International Pension Centre to apply.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/funeral-payments": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/funeral-payments", + "title": "Get help with funeral costs (Funeral Expenses Payment)", + "content": "## How it works\n\nYou could get a Funeral Expenses Payment (also called a Funeral Payment) if you get certain benefits and need help to pay for a funeral you\u2019re arranging.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## If you live in Scotland\n\nYou can apply for a Funeral Support Payment. It has replaced Funeral Expenses Payment in Scotland.\n\n## If you receive money from the deceased\u2019s estate\n\nYour Funeral Expenses Payment will be deducted from any money you get from the deceased\u2019s estate.\n\nThe estate includes any money or property they had but not a house or personal things left to a widow, widower or surviving civil partner.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nFuneral Expenses Payment can help pay for some of the costs of the following:\n\n- burial fees for a particular plot\n\n- cremation fees, including the cost of the doctor\u2019s certificate\n\n- travel to arrange or go to the funeral\n\n- the cost of moving the body within the UK, if it\u2019s being moved more than 50 miles\n\n- death certificates or other documents\n\nYou can also get up to \u00a31,000 for any other funeral expenses, such as funeral director\u2019s fees, flowers or the coffin.\n\nThe payment will not usually cover all of the costs of the funeral.\n\nHow much you get depends on your circumstances. This includes any other money that\u2019s available to cover the costs, for example from an insurance policy or the deceased person\u2019s estate.\n\nCheck the claim form notes for full details of what Funeral Expenses Payment covers.\n\nIf the deceased had a pre-paid funeral plan, you can only get up to \u00a3120 to help pay for items not covered by their plan.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nFuneral Expenses Payment is paid into your bank, building society or credit union account if you\u2019ve already paid for the funeral.\n\nThe money will be paid directly to the organiser of the funeral (for example, the funeral director) if you have not paid yet.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get a Funeral Expenses Payment if all of the following apply:\n\n- you get certain benefits or tax credits\n\n- you meet the rules on your relationship with the deceased\n\n- you\u2019re arranging a funeral in the UK, the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland\n\nYou might be able to get other help to pay for the funeral if you\u2019re not eligible for Funeral Expenses Payment.\n\n## Benefits and tax credits you must get\n\nYou (or your partner) must get one or more of the following:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- the disability or severe disability element of Working Tax Credit\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n- Universal Credit\n\nYou might also be eligible if you\u2019re getting a Support for Mortgage Interest loan.\n\nYou can still claim Funeral Expenses Payment if you\u2019ve applied for these benefits and you\u2019re waiting to hear about your claim.\n\nIf you were responsible for a deceased child but you\u2019re not their parent, the non-resident parent must get one or more of these benefits.\n\nIf there\u2019s a close relative of the deceased who is not getting one of these benefits, you might not be able to claim Funeral Expenses Payment.\n\n## Rules on your relationship with the deceased\n\nYou must be one of the following:\n\n- the partner of the deceased when they died\n\n- a close relative or close friend of the deceased\n\n- the parent of a baby stillborn after 24 weeks of pregnancy\n\n- the parent or person responsible for a deceased child who was under 16 (or under 20 and in approved education or training)\n\nYou might not get a Funeral Expenses Payment if another close relative of the deceased (such as a sibling or parent) is in work.\n\n## If the funeral will take place in the EEA or Switzerland\n\nContact the Social Fund to check if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nYou must apply within 6 months of the funeral, even if you\u2019re waiting for a decision on a qualifying benefit.\n\nYou can make a claim before the funeral if you\u2019ve got an invoice or signed contract from the funeral director. It cannot be an estimate.\n\nIf you get Universal Credit, you will not get a decision on your claim until after your next payment.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim by phone by calling the Bereavement Service helpline.\n\nAn adviser will also help you claim any other bereavement benefits you might be entitled to.\n\nYou can also claim by post. Download and fill in the claim form (SF200), then send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Appeal a Funeral Expenses Payment decision\n\nYou can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal if you disagree with a decision about Funeral Expenses Payment.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You could get a Funeral Expenses Payment (also called a Funeral Payment) if you get certain benefits and need help to pay for a funeral you\u2019re arranging.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Funeral Support Payment. It has replaced Funeral Expenses Payment in Scotland.

    ", + "

    If you receive money from the deceased\u2019s estate

    ", + "

    Your Funeral Expenses Payment will be deducted from any money you get from the deceased\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    The estate includes any money or property they had but not a house or personal things left to a widow, widower or surviving civil partner.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    Funeral Expenses Payment can help pay for some of the costs of the following:

    ", + "
  • burial fees for a particular plot
    • ", + "
  • cremation fees, including the cost of the doctor\u2019s certificate
    • ", + "
  • travel to arrange or go to the funeral
    • ", + "
  • the cost of moving the body within the UK, if it\u2019s being moved more than 50 miles
    • ", + "
  • death certificates or other documents
    • ", + "

    You can also get up to \u00a31,000 for any other funeral expenses, such as funeral director\u2019s fees, flowers or the coffin.

    ", + "

    The payment will not usually cover all of the costs of the funeral.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your circumstances. This includes any other money that\u2019s available to cover the costs, for example from an insurance policy or the deceased person\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    Check the claim form notes for full details of what Funeral Expenses Payment covers.

    ", + "

    If the deceased had a pre-paid funeral plan, you can only get up to \u00a3120 to help pay for items not covered by their plan.

    ", + "

    How the money is paid

    ", + "

    Funeral Expenses Payment is paid into your bank, building society or credit union account if you\u2019ve already paid for the funeral.

    ", + "

    The money will be paid directly to the organiser of the funeral (for example, the funeral director) if you have not paid yet.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can get a Funeral Expenses Payment if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you get certain benefits or tax credits
    • ", + "
  • you meet the rules on your relationship with the deceased
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re arranging a funeral in the UK, the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland
    • ", + "

    You might be able to get other help to pay for the funeral if you\u2019re not eligible for Funeral Expenses Payment.

    ", + "

    Benefits and tax credits you must get

    ", + "

    You (or your partner) must get one or more of the following:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • the disability or severe disability element of Working Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    You might also be eligible if you\u2019re getting a Support for Mortgage Interest loan.

    ", + "

    You can still claim Funeral Expenses Payment if you\u2019ve applied for these benefits and you\u2019re waiting to hear about your claim.

    ", + "

    If you were responsible for a deceased child but you\u2019re not their parent, the non-resident parent must get one or more of these benefits.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a close relative of the deceased who is not getting one of these benefits, you might not be able to claim Funeral Expenses Payment.

    ", + "

    Rules on your relationship with the deceased

    ", + "

    You must be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the partner of the deceased when they died
    • ", + "
  • a close relative or close friend of the deceased
    • ", + "
  • the parent of a baby stillborn after 24 weeks of pregnancy
    • ", + "
  • the parent or person responsible for a deceased child who was under 16 (or under 20 and in approved education or training)
    • ", + "

    You might not get a Funeral Expenses Payment if another close relative of the deceased (such as a sibling or parent) is in work.

    ", + "

    If the funeral will take place in the EEA or Switzerland

    ", + "

    Contact the Social Fund to check if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    You must apply within 6 months of the funeral, even if you\u2019re waiting for a decision on a qualifying benefit.

    ", + "

    You can make a claim before the funeral if you\u2019ve got an invoice or signed contract from the funeral director. It cannot be an estimate.

    ", + "

    If you get Universal Credit, you will not get a decision on your claim until after your next payment.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Claim by phone by calling the Bereavement Service helpline.

    ", + "

    An adviser will also help you claim any other bereavement benefits you might be entitled to.

    ", + "

    You can also claim by post. Download and fill in the claim form (SF200), then send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Appeal a Funeral Expenses Payment decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal if you disagree with a decision about Funeral Expenses Payment.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/parental-bereavement-pay-leave": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parental-bereavement-pay-leave", + "title": "Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay and Leave", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou and your partner may be able to take time off work if your child dies before they turn 18, or if you have a stillbirth after 24 weeks of pregnancy.\n\nThe death or stillbirth must have happened on or after 6 April 2020.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou might be able to get leave, pay or both. You may be eligible for:\n\n- Parental Bereavement Leave\n\n- Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nThere\u2019s rules about when you can take your leave and pay and how to claim.\n\nYou can only claim Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay and Leave if you\u2019re employed in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\n## Employment rights when on leave\n\nYour employment rights are protected while on Parental Bereavement Leave. This includes your right to:\n\n- pay rises\n\n- build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday\n\n- return to work\n\n## What you can get\n\nYou may be able to get either or both Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay.\n\n## Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nYou can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave from the first day of your employment for each child who has died or was stillborn if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou can take:\n\n- 2 weeks together\n\n- 2 separate weeks of leave\n\n- only one week of leave\n\nA week is the same number of days that you normally work in a week.\n\nThe leave:\n\n- can start on or after the date of the death or stillbirth\n\n- must finish within 56 weeks of the date of the death or stillbirth\n\n## Taking leave with other types of statutory leave\n\nIf you\u2019re taking another type of statutory leave (for example, maternity leave or paternity leave) when the child dies or stillbirth happens, your Parental Bereavement Leave must start after the other leave has ended but does not have to be taken immediately after. This includes if the statutory leave is for another child.\n\nIf your Parental Bereavement Leave is interrupted by the start of another type of statutory leave, you can take your remaining entitlement to Parental Bereavement Leave after that other leave has ended.\n\nYour remaining Parental Bereavement Leave must still be taken within 56 weeks of the date of death or stillbirth.\n\nYou can take Parental Bereavement Leave between blocks of shared parental leave that you booked before the child died. This includes if the shared parental leave is for another child.\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to get either \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nAny money you get is paid the same way as your wages, for example weekly or monthly, along with deductions for tax and National Insurance.\n\n## Check if you're eligible\n\nTo qualify for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, you must meet the criteria both as a parent (including if you had day to day responsibility) and an employee. You might not be eligible for both, depending on your circumstances.\n\n## If you were the child\u2019s parent or a parent\u2019s partner\n\nYou may be eligible if at the time of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, you were:\n\n- the child or baby\u2019s parent - either biological, adoptive or parent of a child born to a surrogate\n\n- the partner of the child or baby\u2019s parent\n\nBiological parents of the child or baby will not be eligible for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay after an adoption or parental order was made, unless there was a contact order in place.\n\n## If you or your partner had day to day responsibility for the child\n\nYou may be eligible if both of the following apply:\n\n- the child or baby was living with you at your home for 4 continuous weeks, ending with the date of death\n\n- you or your partner had day to day responsibility for the child or baby\u2019s care during that time\n\nIf you or your partner were being paid to look after the child or baby, you do not qualify for leave or pay unless you were:\n\n- a foster parent being paid a fee or allowance by a local authority\n\n- reimbursed for expenses related to caring for the child or baby\n\n- getting payments under the terms of a will or trust for the child or baby\u2019s care\n\nYou are not eligible if one of the child or baby\u2019s parents or someone who had parental responsibility (parental responsibilities in Scotland) for the child was also living in the household.\n\n## If you or your partner were an adoptive parent\n\nYou are eligible for pay or leave:\n\n- after the adoption order was granted\n\n- before the adoption order was made, if the child was placed with you and the placement was not disrupted (for example, being temporarily placed elsewhere) or stopped\n\n## If you or your partner were an adoptive parent of a child from outside the United Kingdom\n\nIf you or your partner were adopting a child from outside the United Kingdom and the adoption order had not yet been made, you may still be eligible. Both of the following must apply:\n\n- the child was living with you after entering Great Britain\n\n- you have the \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming you were allowed to adopt\n\n## If you or your partner had a baby with the help of a surrogate parent\n\nYou are eligible for pay or leave:\n\n- after a parental order was made\n\n- before a parental order was made if you had applied or intended to apply for a parental order within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth and expected it to be granted\n\n## Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nTo get Parental Bereavement Leave, you must also:\n\n- be classed as an employee - it does not matter how long you\u2019ve worked for your employer\n\n- give your employer notice for Parental Bereavement Leave\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nTo get Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to the end of the \u2018relevant week\u2019. The \u2018relevant week\u2019 is the week (ending with a Saturday) immediately before the week of the death or stillbirth.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- continue to be employed up to the day the child dies or is stillborn\n\n- earn on average \u00a3120 a week before tax (gross) over an 8 week period\n\n- give your employer the correct notice and information for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nIf you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou have 56 weeks to take Parental Bereavement Leave or claim Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay through your employer. This starts from the date of the child\u2019s death.\n\n## Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nYou can take 2 weeks leave in one block or as 2 separate blocks of one week.\n\nThe 56 weeks are split into 2 periods:\n\n- from the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth to 8 weeks after\n\n- 9 to 56 weeks after the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\nYou must give your employer notice before you take Parental Bereavement Leave. How much notice depends on when you\u2019re taking the leave.\n\n## 0 to 8 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\nYou must give your employer notice before you would normally start work on the first day of the week or weeks you want to take off work.\n\n## 9 to 56 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\nYou must give your employer at least one week\u2019s notice before the start of the week or weeks you want to take off work.\n\n## Giving your employer notice\n\nYou must tell your employer:\n\n- the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\n- when you want your parental bereavement leave to begin\n\n- how much leave you are taking - either 1 or 2 weeks\n\nYou can speak to your employer by phone, leave a voicemail, send a text message or an email. You do not need to give them notice in writing (for example through a form or letter).\n\nYou do not need to give proof of death or stillbirth.\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nYou must ask for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay within 28 days, starting from the first day of the week you\u2019re claiming the payment for.\n\nEach time you claim, you must give your employer the following information in writing (for example a letter, email or form):\n\n- your name\n\n- the dates of the period you want to claim Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\n- the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to give a \u2018declaration\u2019 to your employer to confirm you\u2019re eligible because of your relationship to the child or baby. You only need to complete this once when you first ask for pay.\n\n## Completing the declaration\n\nYou can:\n\n- complete the declaration form online - this takes 5 minutes\n\n- declare in writing you\u2019re eligible because of your relationship to the child or baby\n\n- use your employers own form if they have one\n\nOnce you\u2019ve completed your declaration, you\u2019ll need to send it to your employer. They\u2019ll check your information and your eligibility.\n\n## Cancelling your leave or pay\n\nYou can change your mind and cancel your Parental Bereavement Leave or Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if you have given your employer more than the required notice for either taking leave or claiming pay.\n\nTo cancel your Parental Bereavement Leave or Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, you\u2019ll need to tell your employer. When you need to tell them depends on when your leave or pay is due to start.\n\n## Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nIf your leave is due to start within 8 weeks of the death or stillbirth, you must let your employer know about the cancellation no later than the time you would normally start work on the first day of planned leave.\n\nIf your leave is due to start 9 weeks or later after the death or stillbirth, you must let your employer know no later than one week before the start of the planned leave.\n\nIf you cancel your leave, you can rebook it if you give your employer the correct notice.\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nIf your pay was due to start within 8 weeks of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, you must give your employer notice on the first day of the week you want to cancel.\n\nIf your pay was due to start 9 weeks or later after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, you must tell your employer you want to cancel one week before your pay was due to start.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You and your partner may be able to take time off work if your child dies before they turn 18, or if you have a stillbirth after 24 weeks of pregnancy.

    ", + "

    The death or stillbirth must have happened on or after 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You might be able to get leave, pay or both. You may be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • Parental Bereavement Leave
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s rules about when you can take your leave and pay and how to claim.

    ", + "

    You can only claim Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay and Leave if you\u2019re employed in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    Employment rights when on leave

    ", + "

    Your employment rights are protected while on Parental Bereavement Leave. This includes your right to:

    ", + "
  • pay rises
    • ", + "
  • build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday
    • ", + "
  • return to work
    • ", + "

    What you can get

    ", + "

    You may be able to get either or both Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay.

    ", + "

    Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    You can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave from the first day of your employment for each child who has died or was stillborn if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You can take:

    ", + "
  • 2 weeks together
    • ", + "
  • 2 separate weeks of leave
    • ", + "
  • only one week of leave
    • ", + "

    A week is the same number of days that you normally work in a week.

    ", + "

    The leave:

    ", + "
  • can start on or after the date of the death or stillbirth
    • ", + "
  • must finish within 56 weeks of the date of the death or stillbirth
    • ", + "

    Taking leave with other types of statutory leave

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking another type of statutory leave (for example, maternity leave or paternity leave) when the child dies or stillbirth happens, your Parental Bereavement Leave must start after the other leave has ended but does not have to be taken immediately after. This includes if the statutory leave is for another child.

    ", + "

    If your Parental Bereavement Leave is interrupted by the start of another type of statutory leave, you can take your remaining entitlement to Parental Bereavement Leave after that other leave has ended.

    ", + "

    Your remaining Parental Bereavement Leave must still be taken within 56 weeks of the date of death or stillbirth.

    ", + "

    You can take Parental Bereavement Leave between blocks of shared parental leave that you booked before the child died. This includes if the shared parental leave is for another child.

    ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to get either \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Any money you get is paid the same way as your wages, for example weekly or monthly, along with deductions for tax and National Insurance.

    ", + "

    Check if you're eligible

    ", + "

    To qualify for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, you must meet the criteria both as a parent (including if you had day to day responsibility) and an employee. You might not be eligible for both, depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you were the child\u2019s parent or a parent\u2019s partner

    ", + "

    You may be eligible if at the time of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, you were:

    ", + "
  • the child or baby\u2019s parent - either biological, adoptive or parent of a child born to a surrogate
    • ", + "
  • the partner of the child or baby\u2019s parent
    • ", + "

    Biological parents of the child or baby will not be eligible for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay after an adoption or parental order was made, unless there was a contact order in place.

    ", + "

    If you or your partner had day to day responsibility for the child

    ", + "

    You may be eligible if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the child or baby was living with you at your home for 4 continuous weeks, ending with the date of death
    • ", + "
  • you or your partner had day to day responsibility for the child or baby\u2019s care during that time
    • ", + "

    If you or your partner were being paid to look after the child or baby, you do not qualify for leave or pay unless you were:

    ", + "
  • a foster parent being paid a fee or allowance by a local authority
    • ", + "
  • reimbursed for expenses related to caring for the child or baby
    • ", + "
  • getting payments under the terms of a will or trust for the child or baby\u2019s care
    • ", + "

    You are not eligible if one of the child or baby\u2019s parents or someone who had parental responsibility (parental responsibilities in Scotland) for the child was also living in the household.

    ", + "

    If you or your partner were an adoptive parent

    ", + "

    You are eligible for pay or leave:

    ", + "
  • after the adoption order was granted
    • ", + "
  • before the adoption order was made, if the child was placed with you and the placement was not disrupted (for example, being temporarily placed elsewhere) or stopped
    • ", + "

    If you or your partner were an adoptive parent of a child from outside the United Kingdom

    ", + "

    If you or your partner were adopting a child from outside the United Kingdom and the adoption order had not yet been made, you may still be eligible. Both of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • the child was living with you after entering Great Britain
    • ", + "
  • you have the \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming you were allowed to adopt
    • ", + "

    If you or your partner had a baby with the help of a surrogate parent

    ", + "

    You are eligible for pay or leave:

    ", + "
  • after a parental order was made
    • ", + "
  • before a parental order was made if you had applied or intended to apply for a parental order within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth and expected it to be granted
    • ", + "

    Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    To get Parental Bereavement Leave, you must also:

    ", + "
  • be classed as an employee - it does not matter how long you\u2019ve worked for your employer
    • ", + "
  • give your employer notice for Parental Bereavement Leave
    • ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    To get Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to the end of the \u2018relevant week\u2019. The \u2018relevant week\u2019 is the week (ending with a Saturday) immediately before the week of the death or stillbirth.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • continue to be employed up to the day the child dies or is stillborn
    • ", + "
  • earn on average \u00a3120 a week before tax (gross) over an 8 week period
    • ", + "
  • give your employer the correct notice and information for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay
    • ", + "

    If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You have 56 weeks to take Parental Bereavement Leave or claim Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay through your employer. This starts from the date of the child\u2019s death.

    ", + "

    Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    You can take 2 weeks leave in one block or as 2 separate blocks of one week.

    ", + "

    The 56 weeks are split into 2 periods:

    ", + "
  • from the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth to 8 weeks after
    • ", + "
  • 9 to 56 weeks after the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth
    • ", + "

    You must give your employer notice before you take Parental Bereavement Leave. How much notice depends on when you\u2019re taking the leave.

    ", + "

    0 to 8 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth

    ", + "

    You must give your employer notice before you would normally start work on the first day of the week or weeks you want to take off work.

    ", + "

    9 to 56 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth

    ", + "

    You must give your employer at least one week\u2019s notice before the start of the week or weeks you want to take off work.

    ", + "

    Giving your employer notice

    ", + "

    You must tell your employer:

    ", + "
  • the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth
    • ", + "
  • when you want your parental bereavement leave to begin
    • ", + "
  • how much leave you are taking - either 1 or 2 weeks
    • ", + "

    You can speak to your employer by phone, leave a voicemail, send a text message or an email. You do not need to give them notice in writing (for example through a form or letter).

    ", + "

    You do not need to give proof of death or stillbirth.

    ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    You must ask for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay within 28 days, starting from the first day of the week you\u2019re claiming the payment for.

    ", + "

    Each time you claim, you must give your employer the following information in writing (for example a letter, email or form):

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • the dates of the period you want to claim Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay
    • ", + "
  • the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to give a \u2018declaration\u2019 to your employer to confirm you\u2019re eligible because of your relationship to the child or baby. You only need to complete this once when you first ask for pay.

    ", + "

    Completing the declaration

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • complete the declaration form online - this takes 5 minutes
    • ", + "
  • declare in writing you\u2019re eligible because of your relationship to the child or baby
    • ", + "
  • use your employers own form if they have one
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve completed your declaration, you\u2019ll need to send it to your employer. They\u2019ll check your information and your eligibility.

    ", + "

    Cancelling your leave or pay

    ", + "

    You can change your mind and cancel your Parental Bereavement Leave or Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if you have given your employer more than the required notice for either taking leave or claiming pay.

    ", + "

    To cancel your Parental Bereavement Leave or Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, you\u2019ll need to tell your employer. When you need to tell them depends on when your leave or pay is due to start.

    ", + "

    Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    If your leave is due to start within 8 weeks of the death or stillbirth, you must let your employer know about the cancellation no later than the time you would normally start work on the first day of planned leave.

    ", + "

    If your leave is due to start 9 weeks or later after the death or stillbirth, you must let your employer know no later than one week before the start of the planned leave.

    ", + "

    If you cancel your leave, you can rebook it if you give your employer the correct notice.

    ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    If your pay was due to start within 8 weeks of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, you must give your employer notice on the first day of the week you want to cancel.

    ", + "

    If your pay was due to start 9 weeks or later after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, you must tell your employer you want to cancel one week before your pay was due to start.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/widowed-parents-allowance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/widowed-parents-allowance", + "title": "Widowed Parent's Allowance", + "content": "## Eligibility\n\nWidowed Parent\u2019s Allowance (WPA) is being replaced by Bereavement Support Payment.\n\nYou can only make a new claim for WPA if your husband, wife or civil partner died before 6 April 2017 and the cause of death has just been confirmed.\n\nAll the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019re under State Pension age\n\n- you\u2019re entitled to Child Benefit for at least one child and your late husband, wife or civil partner was their parent\n\n- your late husband, wife or civil partner paid National Insurance contributions, or they died as a result of an industrial accident or disease\n\nYou may also claim WPA if you were pregnant when your husband died, or you were pregnant after fertility treatment when your civil partner or wife died.\n\nYou cannot claim WPA if you:\n\n- were divorced from your husband, wife or civil partner when they died\n\n- remarry or are living with another person as if you\u2019re married to them or as if you\u2019ve formed a civil partnership\n\n- were over State Pension age when you were widowed or became a surviving civil partner \u2013 you may be able to get extra State Pension\n\n- are in prison\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe amount you get is based on how much your late husband, wife or civil partner paid in National Insurance contributions.\n\nThe maximum Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance (WPA) is \u00a3122.55 a week.\n\nIf your husband, wife or civil partner died as a result of an industrial accident or disease, you may claim WPA even if they did not pay National Insurance contributions.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to get WPA until you either:\n\n- stop being entitled to Child Benefit\n\n- reach State Pension age\n\n## How WPA is paid\n\nWPA is usually paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Effect on other benefits\n\nOther benefit payments you get may change when you start claiming WPA.\n\nOnce you get WPA, you must report it if you\u2019re getting any of the following:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Incapacity Benefit\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Universal Credit\n\nIf you do not report changes straight away, you could be paid the wrong amount and have to pay it back. You might also have to pay a fine.\n\n## The benefit cap\n\nThe benefit cap limits the total amount of benefit you can get. It applies to most people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age.\n\nSome individual benefits are not affected, but it may affect the total amount of benefit you get.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can apply by phone or using a paper form.\n\n## Apply by phone\n\nCall the Bereavement Service helpline.\n\n## Apply using a paper form\n\nDownload a Bereavement Benefits pack (form BB1) or email your local Jobcentre Plus to ask for a form.\n\nThe pack has notes to help you fill in the claim form.\n\nSend your completed form to:\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Bereavement Service helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## If you live abroad\n\nContact the International Pension Centre to find out if you can claim if you\u2019ve moved abroad.\n\nYou must include your:\n\n- full name\n\n- date of birth\n\n- National Insurance number (if you know it)\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must tell Dover Benefit Centre if you:\n\n- stop being entitled to Child Benefit\n\n- remarry or form a civil partnership\n\n- start to live with a partner as husband or wife, or as if you had formed a civil partnership\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance (WPA) is being replaced by Bereavement Support Payment.

    ", + "

    You can only make a new claim for WPA if your husband, wife or civil partner died before 6 April 2017 and the cause of death has just been confirmed.

    ", + "

    All the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re under State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re entitled to Child Benefit for at least one child and your late husband, wife or civil partner was their parent
    • ", + "
  • your late husband, wife or civil partner paid National Insurance contributions, or they died as a result of an industrial accident or disease
    • ", + "

    You may also claim WPA if you were pregnant when your husband died, or you were pregnant after fertility treatment when your civil partner or wife died.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim WPA if you:

    ", + "
  • were divorced from your husband, wife or civil partner when they died
    • ", + "
  • remarry or are living with another person as if you\u2019re married to them or as if you\u2019ve formed a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • were over State Pension age when you were widowed or became a surviving civil partner \u2013 you may be able to get extra State Pension
    • ", + "
  • are in prison
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The amount you get is based on how much your late husband, wife or civil partner paid in National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    The maximum Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance (WPA) is \u00a3122.55 a week.

    ", + "

    If your husband, wife or civil partner died as a result of an industrial accident or disease, you may claim WPA even if they did not pay National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue to get WPA until you either:

    ", + "
  • stop being entitled to Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • reach State Pension age
    • ", + "

    How WPA is paid

    ", + "

    WPA is usually paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Effect on other benefits

    ", + "

    Other benefit payments you get may change when you start claiming WPA.

    ", + "

    Once you get WPA, you must report it if you\u2019re getting any of the following:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    If you do not report changes straight away, you could be paid the wrong amount and have to pay it back. You might also have to pay a fine.

    ", + "

    The benefit cap

    ", + "

    The benefit cap limits the total amount of benefit you can get. It applies to most people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age.

    ", + "

    Some individual benefits are not affected, but it may affect the total amount of benefit you get.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can apply by phone or using a paper form.

    ", + "

    Apply by phone

    ", + "

    Call the Bereavement Service helpline.

    ", + "

    Apply using a paper form

    ", + "

    Download a Bereavement Benefits pack (form BB1) or email your local Jobcentre Plus to ask for a form.

    ", + "

    The pack has notes to help you fill in the claim form.

    ", + "

    Send your completed form to:

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call the Bereavement Service helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    If you live abroad

    ", + "

    Contact the International Pension Centre to find out if you can claim if you\u2019ve moved abroad.

    ", + "

    You must include your:

    ", + "
  • full name
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance number (if you know it)
    • ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change

    ", + "

    You must tell Dover Benefit Centre if you:

    ", + "
  • stop being entitled to Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • remarry or form a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • start to live with a partner as husband or wife, or as if you had formed a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/war-widow-pension": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-widow-pension", + "title": "War Widow(er) Pension", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be entitled to War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension if your wife, husband or civil partner died as a result of their service in Her Majesty\u2019s (HM) Armed Forces or during a time of war.\n\nThey must have served before 6 April 2005, but you may be eligible if they died of an illness or injury later.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nOne of the following must apply. Your husband, wife or civil partner:\n\n- died as result of their service in HM Armed Forces before 6 April 2005\n\n- was a civil defence volunteer or a civilian and their death was a result of the 1939 to 1945 war\n\n- was a merchant seaman, a member of the naval auxiliary services, or a coastguard and their death was a result of an injury or disease they got during a war or because they were a prisoner of war\n\n- died as a result of their service as a member of the Polish Forces under British command during the 1939 to 1945 war, or in the Polish Resettlement Forces\n\n- was getting a War Pensions Constant Attendance Allowance at the time of their death, or would have been had they not been in hospital\n\n- was getting a War Disablement Pension at the 80% rate or higher and was getting Unemployability Supplement\n\nYou may be entitled to a pension if you lived with a partner as husband and wife or as civil partners.\n\n## Illness, injury and death on or after 6 April 2005\n\nIf your partner was injured, developed an illness or died as a result of service on or after 6 April 2005, you can claim through the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nWar Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension is paid at different rates depending on your age and circumstances.\n\nYou do not pay tax on it.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, for example your bank account.\n\n## How to claim\n\nTo claim War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension you can either:\n\n- download a claim form\n\n- phone the Veterans UK helpline and ask for a claim form\n\nSend the completed form to:\n\n## How to appeal\n\nIf you disagree with a decision about your claim you can appeal to an independent Pensions Appeal Tribunal.\n\nBefore you appeal you should:\n\n- ask Veterans UK for more information about how the decision was reached\n\n- ask for the decision to be reconsidered if there are some facts Veterans UK may not have known when they made their decision\n\nIf you\u2019re still unhappy with the outcome contact Veterans UK to let them know that you want to appeal.\n\n## Further information\n\n## Changes in your circumstances\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to get your pension if you marry, form a civil partnership or start living with a partner on or after 1 April 2015.\n\nIf this happened before 1 April 2015, you\u2019ll still get a pension if both:\n\n- your late spouse or civil partner left service before 31 March 1973\n\n- your new relationship started on or after 6 April 2005\n\nOtherwise, your pension would have been stopped.\n\n## If your pension stopped\n\nYou can claim your pension again if:\n\n- you become widowed again\n\n- you divorce or separate\n\n- your civil partner dies\n\n- your civil partnership ends\n\n- you stop living with the person as their partner\n\nMake sure you tell Veterans UK of any changes in your circumstances so you get the right amount of pension.\n\n## Funeral expenses\n\nVeterans UK may be able to pay a grant of up to \u00a32,200 towards a veteran\u2019s funeral if any of the following apply:\n\n- death was due to service before 6 April 2005\n\n- War Pensions Constant Attendance Allowance was being paid or would have been paid if the war pensioner had not been in hospital when they died\n\n- Unemployability Supplement was being paid at the time of death and the War Disablement Pension was assessed at 80% or more\n\nThe payment can be made to the veteran\u2019s widow or widower, next of kin or person paying for the funeral.\n\nYou must make a claim within 3 months of the funeral.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload the claim form. Send the completed form to:", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be entitled to War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension if your wife, husband or civil partner died as a result of their service in Her Majesty\u2019s (HM) Armed Forces or during a time of war.

    ", + "

    They must have served before 6 April 2005, but you may be eligible if they died of an illness or injury later.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    One of the following must apply. Your husband, wife or civil partner:

    ", + "
  • died as result of their service in HM Armed Forces before 6 April 2005
    • ", + "
  • was a civil defence volunteer or a civilian and their death was a result of the 1939 to 1945 war
    • ", + "
  • was a merchant seaman, a member of the naval auxiliary services, or a coastguard and their death was a result of an injury or disease they got during a war or because they were a prisoner of war
    • ", + "
  • died as a result of their service as a member of the Polish Forces under British command during the 1939 to 1945 war, or in the Polish Resettlement Forces
    • ", + "
  • was getting a War Pensions Constant Attendance Allowance at the time of their death, or would have been had they not been in hospital
    • ", + "
  • was getting a War Disablement Pension at the 80% rate or higher and was getting Unemployability Supplement
    • ", + "

    You may be entitled to a pension if you lived with a partner as husband and wife or as civil partners.

    ", + "

    Illness, injury and death on or after 6 April 2005

    ", + "

    If your partner was injured, developed an illness or died as a result of service on or after 6 April 2005, you can claim through the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension is paid at different rates depending on your age and circumstances.

    ", + "

    You do not pay tax on it.

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, for example your bank account.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    To claim War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension you can either:

    ", + "
  • download a claim form
    • ", + "
  • phone the Veterans UK helpline and ask for a claim form
    • ", + "

    Send the completed form to:

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision about your claim you can appeal to an independent Pensions Appeal Tribunal.

    ", + "

    Before you appeal you should:

    ", + "
  • ask Veterans UK for more information about how the decision was reached
    • ", + "
  • ask for the decision to be reconsidered if there are some facts Veterans UK may not have known when they made their decision
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re still unhappy with the outcome contact Veterans UK to let them know that you want to appeal.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Changes in your circumstances

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue to get your pension if you marry, form a civil partnership or start living with a partner on or after 1 April 2015.

    ", + "

    If this happened before 1 April 2015, you\u2019ll still get a pension if both:

    ", + "
  • your late spouse or civil partner left service before 31 March 1973
    • ", + "
  • your new relationship started on or after 6 April 2005
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, your pension would have been stopped.

    ", + "

    If your pension stopped

    ", + "

    You can claim your pension again if:

    ", + "
  • you become widowed again
    • ", + "
  • you divorce or separate
    • ", + "
  • your civil partner dies
    • ", + "
  • your civil partnership ends
    • ", + "
  • you stop living with the person as their partner
    • ", + "

    Make sure you tell Veterans UK of any changes in your circumstances so you get the right amount of pension.

    ", + "

    Funeral expenses

    ", + "

    Veterans UK may be able to pay a grant of up to \u00a32,200 towards a veteran\u2019s funeral if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • death was due to service before 6 April 2005
    • ", + "
  • War Pensions Constant Attendance Allowance was being paid or would have been paid if the war pensioner had not been in hospital when they died
    • ", + "
  • Unemployability Supplement was being paid at the time of death and the War Disablement Pension was assessed at 80% or more
    • ", + "

    The payment can be made to the veteran\u2019s widow or widower, next of kin or person paying for the funeral.

    ", + "

    You must make a claim within 3 months of the funeral.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download the claim form. Send the completed form to:

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/death-spouse-benefits-tax-pension": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/death-spouse-benefits-tax-pension", + "title": "Your benefits, tax and pension after the death of a spouse", + "content": "## Tax and National Insurance\n\nYour income will probably change after the death of your husband, wife or civil partner.\n\nIf you get extra money from pensions, annuities, benefits or an inheritance, you may need to pay more tax. You may be on a lower income and need to pay less tax.\n\nYour tax allowances - the income you do not pay tax on - may also change.\n\n## Income you must report\n\nTell HMRC if you get:\n\n- interest from a bank, building society or a National Savings and Investment product, eg pensioner income, capital bonds\n\n- income from letting out property\n\n- income from Purchased Life Annuities\n\n- Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance or Bereavement Allowance\n\n- Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- foreign pension payments\n\n- other income that should have been taxed but has not been\n\nYou do not need to tell HMRC about:\n\n- income your employer pays tax on through PAYE\n\n- income from a private pension\n\n- income which does not get taxed, eg from an Individual Savings Account (ISA)\n\n- any income if you\u2019ll reach State Pension age within 4 months\n\n- getting Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA), Incapacity Benefit, Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or Bereavement Support Payment\n\n## How to tell HMRC\n\nTell HMRC about a change in your income:\n\n- in your next Self Assessment tax return, if you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment\n\n- by phone\n\n## Tax allowances\n\nIf you pay Income Tax, you\u2019ll have a Personal Allowance - income you do not pay tax on. Your allowance may change if your income changes.\n\nHMRC will automatically adjust your Personal Allowance when you tell them about your change of income.\n\n## Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\nIf you or your husband, wife or civil partner were born before 6 April 1935, you may have been claiming Married Couple\u2019s Allowance. You\u2019ll still get the allowance for the current tax year (up to 5 April) but HMRC will automatically stop it after that and you\u2019ll get just your Personal Allowance.\n\n## Blind Person\u2019s Allowance\n\nIf your husband, wife or civil partner was claiming Blind Person\u2019s Allowance, ask HMRC to transfer what\u2019s left of their Blind Person\u2019s Allowance for the current tax year (up to 5 April) to you.\n\n## Reduced rate National Insurance\n\nIf you\u2019re a widow and you were married before April 1977, you might be paying a reduced rate of National Insurance (sometimes called the \u2018small stamp\u2019).\n\nYou may be able to keep paying the reduced rate. Contact HMRC to find out what you should do.\n\n## Benefits\n\nYou\u2019ll have to make new claims for some benefits that your husband, wife or civil partner was claiming for your family.\n\nYou may also be able to claim other benefits to help with your bereavement or if you\u2019re on a lower income because of the death.\n\n## Bereavement benefits\n\nYou may be able to get:\n\n- Funeral Expenses Payment - to help towards the cost of a funeral if you\u2019re on a low income\n\n- Bereavement Support Payment - if your husband, wife or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2017\n\n- Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance - if your husband, wife or civil partner died before 6 April 2017 and you have at least one dependent child\n\nPhone the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) Bereavement Service to check if:\n\n- you can get bereavement benefits\n\n- the death will affect any other benefits you\u2019re already claiming\n\nYou\u2019ll have to make new claims for Child Benefit and tax credits if your husband, wife or civil partner was claiming them.\n\n## Child Benefit\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a new claim for Child Benefit if you were not the person named as the claimant on the original claim form.\n\n## Tax credits\n\nYou should tell the Tax Credit Office about the death within one month if you have not already heard from them. Phone the Tax Credit Helpline to report the death.\n\n## If your income is lower\n\nYou may be able to get benefits if you\u2019re on a lower income following the death of your husband, wife or civil partner. Use a benefits calculator to work out what benefits you can get and find out how to claim.\n\nYou may also be able to apply for:\n\n- Winter Fuel Payment - if you were born on or before 5 July 1952\n\n- Cold Weather Payment - if you\u2019re on a low income\n\n- Warm Home Discount Scheme\n\nYou may have to pay Income Tax on some benefits you claim.\n\n## Pensions\n\nYou may be able to get extra pension payments from your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s pension or National Insurance contributions.\n\n## State Pension\n\nYou need to be over State Pension age to claim extra payments from your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s State Pension.\n\nWhat you get and how you claim will depend on whether you reached State Pension age before or after 6 April 2016.\n\nContact the Pension Service to check what you can claim.\n\n## If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\nYou\u2019ll get any State Pension based on your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s National Insurance contribution when you claim your own pension.\n\nYou will not get it if you remarry or form a new civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.\n\n## If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou\u2019ll receive the \u2018new State Pension\u2019 and you may be able to inherit an extra payment on top of your pension.\n\n## Private pensions\n\nYou may get payments from your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s workplace, personal or stakeholder pension - it will depend on the pension scheme. Contact the pension scheme to find out.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay tax on those payments if the pension provider does not pay it for you.\n\n## War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension\n\nYou may be able to get War Widow\u2019s or Widower Pension - if your husband, wife or civil partner died because of their service in the Armed Forces or because of a war.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Tax and National Insurance

    ", + "

    Your income will probably change after the death of your husband, wife or civil partner.

    ", + "

    If you get extra money from pensions, annuities, benefits or an inheritance, you may need to pay more tax. You may be on a lower income and need to pay less tax.

    ", + "

    Your tax allowances - the income you do not pay tax on - may also change.

    ", + "

    Income you must report

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC if you get:

    ", + "
  • interest from a bank, building society or a National Savings and Investment product, eg pensioner income, capital bonds
    • ", + "
  • income from letting out property
    • ", + "
  • income from Purchased Life Annuities
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance or Bereavement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • foreign pension payments
    • ", + "
  • other income that should have been taxed but has not been
    • ", + "

    You do not need to tell HMRC about:

    ", + "
  • income your employer pays tax on through PAYE
    • ", + "
  • income from a private pension
    • ", + "
  • income which does not get taxed, eg from an Individual Savings Account (ISA)
    • ", + "
  • any income if you\u2019ll reach State Pension age within 4 months
    • ", + "
  • getting Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA), Incapacity Benefit, Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or Bereavement Support Payment
    • ", + "

    How to tell HMRC

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC about a change in your income:

    ", + "
  • in your next Self Assessment tax return, if you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment
    • ", + "
  • by phone
    • ", + "

    Tax allowances

    ", + "

    If you pay Income Tax, you\u2019ll have a Personal Allowance - income you do not pay tax on. Your allowance may change if your income changes.

    ", + "

    HMRC will automatically adjust your Personal Allowance when you tell them about your change of income.

    ", + "

    Married Couple\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    If you or your husband, wife or civil partner were born before 6 April 1935, you may have been claiming Married Couple\u2019s Allowance. You\u2019ll still get the allowance for the current tax year (up to 5 April) but HMRC will automatically stop it after that and you\u2019ll get just your Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Blind Person\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    If your husband, wife or civil partner was claiming Blind Person\u2019s Allowance, ask HMRC to transfer what\u2019s left of their Blind Person\u2019s Allowance for the current tax year (up to 5 April) to you.

    ", + "

    Reduced rate National Insurance

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a widow and you were married before April 1977, you might be paying a reduced rate of National Insurance (sometimes called the \u2018small stamp\u2019).

    ", + "

    You may be able to keep paying the reduced rate. Contact HMRC to find out what you should do.

    ", + "

    Benefits

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to make new claims for some benefits that your husband, wife or civil partner was claiming for your family.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to claim other benefits to help with your bereavement or if you\u2019re on a lower income because of the death.

    ", + "

    Bereavement benefits

    ", + "

    You may be able to get:

    ", + "
  • Funeral Expenses Payment - to help towards the cost of a funeral if you\u2019re on a low income
    • ", + "
  • Bereavement Support Payment - if your husband, wife or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2017
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance - if your husband, wife or civil partner died before 6 April 2017 and you have at least one dependent child
    • ", + "

    Phone the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) Bereavement Service to check if:

    ", + "
  • you can get bereavement benefits
    • ", + "
  • the death will affect any other benefits you\u2019re already claiming
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to make new claims for Child Benefit and tax credits if your husband, wife or civil partner was claiming them.

    ", + "

    Child Benefit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make a new claim for Child Benefit if you were not the person named as the claimant on the original claim form.

    ", + "

    Tax credits

    ", + "

    You should tell the Tax Credit Office about the death within one month if you have not already heard from them. Phone the Tax Credit Helpline to report the death.

    ", + "

    If your income is lower

    ", + "

    You may be able to get benefits if you\u2019re on a lower income following the death of your husband, wife or civil partner. Use a benefits calculator to work out what benefits you can get and find out how to claim.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to apply for:

    ", + "
  • Winter Fuel Payment - if you were born on or before 5 July 1952
    • ", + "
  • Cold Weather Payment - if you\u2019re on a low income
    • ", + "
  • Warm Home Discount Scheme
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay Income Tax on some benefits you claim.

    ", + "

    Pensions

    ", + "

    You may be able to get extra pension payments from your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s pension or National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    State Pension

    ", + "

    You need to be over State Pension age to claim extra payments from your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s State Pension.

    ", + "

    What you get and how you claim will depend on whether you reached State Pension age before or after 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    Contact the Pension Service to check what you can claim.

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get any State Pension based on your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s National Insurance contribution when you claim your own pension.

    ", + "

    You will not get it if you remarry or form a new civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive the \u2018new State Pension\u2019 and you may be able to inherit an extra payment on top of your pension.

    ", + "

    Private pensions

    ", + "

    You may get payments from your husband, wife or civil partner\u2019s workplace, personal or stakeholder pension - it will depend on the pension scheme. Contact the pension scheme to find out.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay tax on those payments if the pension provider does not pay it for you.

    ", + "

    War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension

    ", + "

    You may be able to get War Widow\u2019s or Widower Pension - if your husband, wife or civil partner died because of their service in the Armed Forces or because of a war.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-records": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-records", + "title": "Adoption records", + "content": "## Accessing your birth records\n\nYou can access your birth records if you don\u2019t have them because you were adopted.\n\nYou need to be 18 or over to do this.\n\nEveryone adopted before 12 November 1975 will need to attend a counselling session with an approved adoption advisor first.\n\n## You know your birth details\n\nYou can order a copy of your original birth certificate from the General Register Office.\n\nFor adoptions outside England or Wales you need to contact the General Register Office where you were adopted.\n\n## You don\u2019t know your birth details\n\nYou need to fill in an application for Birth certificate Information Before Adoption (BIBA) service if you don\u2019t know your birth details. Which application form you fill in depends on if you live:\n\n- in the UK\n\n- outside the UK\n\nPost or email the form to:\n\n## The Adoption Contact Register\n\nYou can add yourself to the Adoption Contact Register at the General Register Office to:\n\n- find a birth relative or an adopted person\n\n- say you don\u2019t want to be contacted\n\nThis is not a tracing service - for a connection to be made between people, you must both be on the Adoption Contact Register.\n\n## Find birth relatives if you were adopted\n\nYou can add yourself to the Adoption Contact Register if you\u2019re 18 or over and your birth or adoption was registered with the General Register Office.\n\nYou need to fill in form CR part 1 to add yourself to the register. Read guidance notes on how to complete the form.\n\nYou need:\n\n- your original birth name\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- the full name(s) of your birth mother (and birth father if known)\n\nThe fee is \u00a315 - instructions on how to pay are on form CR part 1.\n\n## Find someone who was adopted if you\u2019re a birth relative\n\nYou can add yourself to the register to try to find an adopted person by filling in form CR part 2. Read guidance notes on how to complete the form. You\u2019ll only be able to find people who have also added themselves to it.\n\nYou need to be 18 or over.\n\nThe fee is \u00a330 - instructions on how to pay are on form CR part 2.\n\nYou can also use this form if you are an adopted person looking for other adopted siblings.\n\nYou can also apply to make contact with an adopted person through an approved intermediary agency.\n\n## More information\n\nContact the Adoptions Section of the HM Passport Office.\n\n## Intermediary agencies\n\nYou can use an intermediary agency to help you trace a birth relative if you were adopted or you\u2019re related to someone who has been adopted. The fee for the service depends on the agency.\n\nYou can use an intermediary agency if:\n\n- you were adopted before 30 December 2005\n\n- a relative of yours (including a relative by adoption) was adopted before 30 December 2005\n\nWhen an intermediary agency finds a person, you can only contact them if they agree to it. If they don\u2019t agree, the agency won\u2019t tell you their name or whereabouts but might be able to share some information, like:\n\n- their domestic or family circumstances\n\n- their general health and well-being\n\n## If you don\u2019t want to be contacted\n\nAdopted people and birth relatives can use the Adoption Contact Register to say that they don\u2019t want to be contacted.\n\nTell your agency and register a veto if you don\u2019t want to be approached by an intermediary agency. There are 2 types of veto called an \u2018absolute veto\u2019 and a \u2018qualified veto\u2019.\n\n## An \u2018absolute veto\u2019\n\nThis means an intermediary agency can\u2019t approach you under any circumstances (your adoption agency can still pass on information to you, for example about a hereditary medical condition or details of an inheritance).\n\n## A \u2018qualified veto\u2019\n\nThis means you can say when you would be prepared to be contacted, for example you could say that an approach on behalf of your birth parent wouldn\u2019t be acceptable, but an approach by a sibling would.\n\n## More help and information\n\nFor further information on intermediary services you can contact:\n\n- General Register Office\n\n- the adoption team at your local council\n\n- a voluntary adoption agency\n\n- an adoption support agency", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Accessing your birth records

    ", + "

    You can access your birth records if you don\u2019t have them because you were adopted.

    ", + "

    You need to be 18 or over to do this.

    ", + "

    Everyone adopted before 12 November 1975 will need to attend a counselling session with an approved adoption advisor first.

    ", + "

    You know your birth details

    ", + "

    You can order a copy of your original birth certificate from the General Register Office.

    ", + "

    For adoptions outside England or Wales you need to contact the General Register Office where you were adopted.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t know your birth details

    ", + "

    You need to fill in an application for Birth certificate Information Before Adoption (BIBA) service if you don\u2019t know your birth details. Which application form you fill in depends on if you live:

    ", + "
  • in the UK
    • ", + "
  • outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Post or email the form to:

    ", + "

    The Adoption Contact Register

    ", + "

    You can add yourself to the Adoption Contact Register at the General Register Office to:

    ", + "
  • find a birth relative or an adopted person
    • ", + "
  • say you don\u2019t want to be contacted
    • ", + "

    This is not a tracing service - for a connection to be made between people, you must both be on the Adoption Contact Register.

    ", + "

    Find birth relatives if you were adopted

    ", + "

    You can add yourself to the Adoption Contact Register if you\u2019re 18 or over and your birth or adoption was registered with the General Register Office.

    ", + "

    You need to fill in form CR part 1 to add yourself to the register. Read guidance notes on how to complete the form.

    ", + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • your original birth name
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • the full name(s) of your birth mother (and birth father if known)
    • ", + "

    The fee is \u00a315 - instructions on how to pay are on form CR part 1.

    ", + "

    Find someone who was adopted if you\u2019re a birth relative

    ", + "

    You can add yourself to the register to try to find an adopted person by filling in form CR part 2. Read guidance notes on how to complete the form. You\u2019ll only be able to find people who have also added themselves to it.

    ", + "

    You need to be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    The fee is \u00a330 - instructions on how to pay are on form CR part 2.

    ", + "

    You can also use this form if you are an adopted person looking for other adopted siblings.

    ", + "

    You can also apply to make contact with an adopted person through an approved intermediary agency.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    Contact the Adoptions Section of the HM Passport Office.

    ", + "

    Intermediary agencies

    ", + "

    You can use an intermediary agency to help you trace a birth relative if you were adopted or you\u2019re related to someone who has been adopted. The fee for the service depends on the agency.

    ", + "

    You can use an intermediary agency if:

    ", + "
  • you were adopted before 30 December 2005
    • ", + "
  • a relative of yours (including a relative by adoption) was adopted before 30 December 2005
    • ", + "

    When an intermediary agency finds a person, you can only contact them if they agree to it. If they don\u2019t agree, the agency won\u2019t tell you their name or whereabouts but might be able to share some information, like:

    ", + "
  • their domestic or family circumstances
    • ", + "
  • their general health and well-being
    • ", + "

    If you don\u2019t want to be contacted

    ", + "

    Adopted people and birth relatives can use the Adoption Contact Register to say that they don\u2019t want to be contacted.

    ", + "

    Tell your agency and register a veto if you don\u2019t want to be approached by an intermediary agency. There are 2 types of veto called an \u2018absolute veto\u2019 and a \u2018qualified veto\u2019.

    ", + "

    An \u2018absolute veto\u2019

    ", + "

    This means an intermediary agency can\u2019t approach you under any circumstances (your adoption agency can still pass on information to you, for example about a hereditary medical condition or details of an inheritance).

    ", + "

    A \u2018qualified veto\u2019

    ", + "

    This means you can say when you would be prepared to be contacted, for example you could say that an approach on behalf of your birth parent wouldn\u2019t be acceptable, but an approach by a sibling would.

    ", + "

    More help and information

    ", + "

    For further information on intermediary services you can contact:

    ", + "
  • General Register Office
    • ", + "
  • the adoption team at your local council
    • ", + "
  • a voluntary adoption agency
    • ", + "
  • an adoption support agency
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/apply-gender-recognition-certificate": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-gender-recognition-certificate", + "title": "Apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate", + "content": "## Overview\n\nApply to the Gender Recognition Panel for a Gender Recognition Certificate if you want your acquired gender to be legally recognised in the UK.\n\nThere are 3 different ways (\u2018routes\u2019) to get a certificate - which one you use depends on your situation.\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Standard route\n\nApply by the standard route if all the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria (discomfort with your birth gender) - this is also called gender identity disorder, gender incongruence or transsexualism\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 2 years\n\n- you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life\n\n## Alternative route\n\nApply by the alternative route if all the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria or had surgery to change your sexual characteristics\n\n- you live in England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland most of the time\n\n- you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life\n\n- you\u2019re in (or have been in) a protected marriage or protected civil partnership before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 6 years before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)\n\nA marriage or civil partnership is protected if it\u2019s one of the following:\n\n- registered under the law of England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\n- a marriage solemnised in Scotland\n\n- a civil partnership registered in Scotland\n\n- a marriage registered under the law of a country or territory outside the UK\n\n- a marriage on UK consular premises or in an armed forces base, if you elected England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland as the relevant part of the UK\n\n## Overseas route\n\nApply by the overseas route if your acquired gender has been legally accepted in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019 and you have documents to prove it.\n\nYou must be 18 or over.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get information, advice and support from a number of voluntary organisations - you can find a list on page 21 of the full guidance.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice or find a legal adviser.\n\n## If you're married or in a civil partnership\n\n## If you\u2019re married\n\nYou can stay married if you apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate.\n\nYou and your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration saying you both agree to stay married.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if you or your spouse do not want to remain married, or if your spouse does not fill in a statutory declaration. You can use the interim certificate as grounds to end the marriage.\n\nIf your marriage is registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland and you have an interim certificate, you\u2019ll only get a full certificate once you end your marriage.\n\nIf your marriage was registered in Scotland, you can use an interim certificate to apply to the sheriff court for a full certificate. You do not need to end your marriage first.\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel if either you or your spouse change your mind about staying married during the application process.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a civil partnership\n\nYou can stay in your civil partnership if it was registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nYour partner must fill in a statutory declaration saying they agree to stay in a civil partnership with you. Contact the Gender Recognition Panel for help with filling in the declaration.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if your partner does not fill in a statutory declaration.\n\n## Civil partnerships registered in Scotland\n\nIf your civil partnership was registered in Scotland, you must end it or convert your civil partnership to marriage.\n\nIf you decide to convert your civil partnership into a marriage you must do it before you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel.\n\nIf you\u2019re still in a civil partnership when you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel, you\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019. You must end the civil partnership before you can get a full certificate.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the right form for your application.\n\n| | Form | Guidance |\n\n| Standard route | Form T450 | Leaflet T451 |\n\n| Alternative route | Form T464 | Leaflet T465 |\n\n| Overseas route | Form T453 | Leaflet T454 |\n\nSend the completed form with your fee and any supporting documents relevant to your application.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a35 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\n## Get help with your application\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel for advice on the application process.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must send certain documents when you apply, depending on which application route you use and whether you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership.\n\nYou might need to send original documents - you\u2019ll get them back after the Gender Recognition Panel has looked at your application. You will not get any statutory declarations back.\n\nFor all application routes, you must download and fill in the relevant statutory declaration for:\n\n- single people\n\n- married people or civil partners\n\n## If you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership\n\nFor all application routes you must provide the following (if relevant):\n\n- an original or certified copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\n- a copy of the decree ending your marriage or proof that any previous civil partnership has been dissolved\n\n- a copy of your spouse\u2019s death certificate\n\nIf you want to stay married, your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration for a spouse.\n\n## Standard or alternative route\n\nFor all application routes you must send:\n\n- an original or certified copy of your birth certificate\n\n- copies of any official documents that show your birth name has changed to your current name\n\n- proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for the required time\n\n- any required medical reports\n\nYou need to have lived in your acquired gender for 2 years if applying through the standard route.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying through the alternative route you need to have lived in your acquired gender for 6 years before 10 December 2014, or 16 December 2014 if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\n## Proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender\n\nThis proof must cover the required time that you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender. It could include copies of your:\n\n- passport\n\n- driving licence\n\n- payslips or benefit documents\n\n- utility bills or other documents of an official nature\n\nAll documents should be in your acquired name and gender. The earliest document must be dated before the beginning of the required time.\n\n## Medical reports\n\nFor the standard and alternative application routes you must send a report that includes details of any treatment you\u2019ve had to change your sexual characteristics, for example hormone treatment or surgery.\n\nThe report must be an original copy from a qualified medical professional, for example a:\n\n- doctor registered with the General Medical Council (GMC)\n\n- psychologist registered with the Health and Care Professions Council\n\nYou can ask your GP or surgeon to fill in a report for you if you do not have one already.\n\nIf you have not had any treatment or surgery yet, you must send a report that includes details of any planned treatment or surgery.\n\nIf you are applying by the standard route you must also send a report with details of your gender dysphoria diagnosis.\n\nRead the list of gender dysphoria specialists to find out who can write this report for you. You can send a report from a registered medical professional not on this list if they can prove they work in gender dysphoria.\n\n## Overseas route\n\nIf you\u2019re applying using the overseas route, you must prove that your gender has been legally recognised in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019. Send original or certified copies of the following (if you have them):\n\n- your new birth certificate and old birth certificate\n\n- an amended birth certificate that shows the change of gender\n\n- a court order authorising your change of gender\n\n- a document that\u2019s equivalent to a Gender Recognition Certificate\n\n- an entry in a legal register that proves your acquired gender has been recognised\n\n## What happens next\n\nYour application will be assessed by the Gender Recognition Panel - you\u2019ll be contacted if they need more proof or information.\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel to find out about your application\u2019s progress.\n\n## If you get a full certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent information on:\n\n- how to get a new birth certificate, marriage certificate or civil partnership where appropriate\n\n- who you must tell about your gender change\n\nYour pension and benefits may be affected.\n\n## If you\u2019re given an interim certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent information on:\n\n- how to annul or dissolve your marriage or civil partnership\n\n- how long you have to convert your civil partnership to a marriage, if applicable\n\n## If your application is turned down\n\nYou\u2019ll be told why your application was rejected.\n\nYou may be able to appeal the decision if you think it\u2019s wrong on a point of law.\n\nWhere you appeal depends on whether you live in:\n\n- England and Wales - appeal to the High Court Family Division\n\n- Scotland - appeal to the Court of Session in Edinburgh\n\n- Northern Ireland - appeal to the High Court\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your decision letter how to appeal or apply again.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Gender Recognition Panel must apply the law in the Gender Recognition Act 2004 and the following amendments:\n\n- Schedule 5, Section 12 of the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013\n\n- Part 4 of the Marriage and Civil Partnership (Scotland) Act 2014", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Apply to the Gender Recognition Panel for a Gender Recognition Certificate if you want your acquired gender to be legally recognised in the UK.

    ", + "

    There are 3 different ways (\u2018routes\u2019) to get a certificate - which one you use depends on your situation.

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Standard route

    ", + "

    Apply by the standard route if all the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria (discomfort with your birth gender) - this is also called gender identity disorder, gender incongruence or transsexualism
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 2 years
    • ", + "
  • you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life
    • ", + "

    Alternative route

    ", + "

    Apply by the alternative route if all the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria or had surgery to change your sexual characteristics
    • ", + "
  • you live in England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland most of the time
    • ", + "
  • you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in (or have been in) a protected marriage or protected civil partnership before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 6 years before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)
    • ", + "

    A marriage or civil partnership is protected if it\u2019s one of the following:

    ", + "
  • registered under the law of England, Wales or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • a marriage solemnised in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • a civil partnership registered in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • a marriage registered under the law of a country or territory outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • a marriage on UK consular premises or in an armed forces base, if you elected England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland as the relevant part of the UK
    • ", + "

    Overseas route

    ", + "

    Apply by the overseas route if your acquired gender has been legally accepted in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019 and you have documents to prove it.

    ", + "

    You must be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You can get information, advice and support from a number of voluntary organisations - you can find a list on page 21 of the full guidance.

    ", + "

    You can also contact Citizens Advice or find a legal adviser.

    ", + "

    If you're married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re married

    ", + "

    You can stay married if you apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate.

    ", + "

    You and your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration saying you both agree to stay married.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if you or your spouse do not want to remain married, or if your spouse does not fill in a statutory declaration. You can use the interim certificate as grounds to end the marriage.

    ", + "

    If your marriage is registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland and you have an interim certificate, you\u2019ll only get a full certificate once you end your marriage.

    ", + "

    If your marriage was registered in Scotland, you can use an interim certificate to apply to the sheriff court for a full certificate. You do not need to end your marriage first.

    ", + "

    Contact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel if either you or your spouse change your mind about staying married during the application process.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    You can stay in your civil partnership if it was registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Your partner must fill in a statutory declaration saying they agree to stay in a civil partnership with you. Contact the Gender Recognition Panel for help with filling in the declaration.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if your partner does not fill in a statutory declaration.

    ", + "

    Civil partnerships registered in Scotland

    ", + "

    If your civil partnership was registered in Scotland, you must end it or convert your civil partnership to marriage.

    ", + "

    If you decide to convert your civil partnership into a marriage you must do it before you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re still in a civil partnership when you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel, you\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019. You must end the civil partnership before you can get a full certificate.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the right form for your application.

    ", + " | Form | Guidance", + "Standard route | Form T450 | Leaflet T451", + "Alternative route | Form T464 | Leaflet T465", + "Overseas route | Form T453 | Leaflet T454", + "

    Send the completed form with your fee and any supporting documents relevant to your application.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a35 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    ", + "

    Get help with your application

    ", + "

    Contact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel for advice on the application process.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must send certain documents when you apply, depending on which application route you use and whether you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    You might need to send original documents - you\u2019ll get them back after the Gender Recognition Panel has looked at your application. You will not get any statutory declarations back.

    ", + "

    For all application routes, you must download and fill in the relevant statutory declaration for:

    ", + "
  • single people
    • ", + "
  • married people or civil partners
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    For all application routes you must provide the following (if relevant):

    ", + "
  • an original or certified copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the decree ending your marriage or proof that any previous civil partnership has been dissolved
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your spouse\u2019s death certificate
    • ", + "

    If you want to stay married, your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration for a spouse.

    ", + "

    Standard or alternative route

    ", + "

    For all application routes you must send:

    ", + "
  • an original or certified copy of your birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • copies of any official documents that show your birth name has changed to your current name
    • ", + "
  • proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for the required time
    • ", + "
  • any required medical reports
    • ", + "

    You need to have lived in your acquired gender for 2 years if applying through the standard route.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying through the alternative route you need to have lived in your acquired gender for 6 years before 10 December 2014, or 16 December 2014 if you\u2019re in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender

    ", + "

    This proof must cover the required time that you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender. It could include copies of your:

    ", + "
  • passport
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • payslips or benefit documents
    • ", + "
  • utility bills or other documents of an official nature
    • ", + "

    All documents should be in your acquired name and gender. The earliest document must be dated before the beginning of the required time.

    ", + "

    Medical reports

    ", + "

    For the standard and alternative application routes you must send a report that includes details of any treatment you\u2019ve had to change your sexual characteristics, for example hormone treatment or surgery.

    ", + "

    The report must be an original copy from a qualified medical professional, for example a:

    ", + "
  • doctor registered with the General Medical Council (GMC)
    • ", + "
  • psychologist registered with the Health and Care Professions Council
    • ", + "

    You can ask your GP or surgeon to fill in a report for you if you do not have one already.

    ", + "

    If you have not had any treatment or surgery yet, you must send a report that includes details of any planned treatment or surgery.

    ", + "

    If you are applying by the standard route you must also send a report with details of your gender dysphoria diagnosis.

    ", + "

    Read the list of gender dysphoria specialists to find out who can write this report for you. You can send a report from a registered medical professional not on this list if they can prove they work in gender dysphoria.

    ", + "

    Overseas route

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying using the overseas route, you must prove that your gender has been legally recognised in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019. Send original or certified copies of the following (if you have them):

    ", + "
  • your new birth certificate and old birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • an amended birth certificate that shows the change of gender
    • ", + "
  • a court order authorising your change of gender
    • ", + "
  • a document that\u2019s equivalent to a Gender Recognition Certificate
    • ", + "
  • an entry in a legal register that proves your acquired gender has been recognised
    • ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Your application will be assessed by the Gender Recognition Panel - you\u2019ll be contacted if they need more proof or information.

    ", + "

    Contact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel to find out about your application\u2019s progress.

    ", + "

    If you get a full certificate

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent information on:

    ", + "
  • how to get a new birth certificate, marriage certificate or civil partnership where appropriate
    • ", + "
  • who you must tell about your gender change
    • ", + "

    Your pension and benefits may be affected.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re given an interim certificate

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent information on:

    ", + "
  • how to annul or dissolve your marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • how long you have to convert your civil partnership to a marriage, if applicable
    • ", + "

    If your application is turned down

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told why your application was rejected.

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal the decision if you think it\u2019s wrong on a point of law.

    ", + "

    Where you appeal depends on whether you live in:

    ", + "
  • England and Wales - appeal to the High Court Family Division
    • ", + "
  • Scotland - appeal to the Court of Session in Edinburgh
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland - appeal to the High Court
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told in your decision letter how to appeal or apply again.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The Gender Recognition Panel must apply the law in the Gender Recognition Act 2004 and the following amendments:

    ", + "
  • Schedule 5, Section 12 of the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013
    • ", + "
  • Part 4 of the Marriage and Civil Partnership (Scotland) Act 2014
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/change-name-deed-poll": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-name-deed-poll", + "title": "Change your name by deed poll", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou do not have to follow a legal process to start using a new name. But you might need a \u2018deed poll\u2019 to apply for or to change official documents like your passport or driving licence.\n\nThere are different rules for changing your name in Scotland.\n\n## Get a deed poll\n\nA deed poll is a legal document that proves a change of name. You can change any part of your name, add or remove names and hyphens, or change spelling.\n\nThere are 2 ways to get a\u00a0deed poll. You can either:\n\n- make an \u2018unenrolled\u2019 deed poll yourself\n\n- apply for an \u2018enrolled\u2019 deed poll\n\nAsk the organisation you\u2019re dealing with (for example your bank) which type of deed poll they\u2019ll accept as proof of your new name.\n\nIf you\u2019re a permanent resident overseas, you cannot change your name by deed poll.\n\n## Make an \u2018unenrolled\u2019 deed poll\n\nYou can change your name yourself if you\u2019re 16 or over.\n\n## Apply for an \u2018enrolled\u2019 deed poll\n\n\u2018Enrolling\u2019 a deed poll means that you\u2019re putting your new name on public record.\n\nYou must apply to the Royal Courts of Justice to get an \u2018enrolled\u2019 deed poll using the deed poll process. It costs \u00a342.44.\n\nYou can only enrol your own name change if you\u2019re 18 or over. The process is different to change the name of a child under 18.\n\n## Marriage and civil partnership\n\nYou do not need a deed poll to take your spouse\u2019s or civil partner\u2019s surname. Send a copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate to record-holders, such as benefits offices. Your documents will be updated for free.\n\n## If you divorce or end your civil partnership\n\nYou may be able to go back to your original name by showing record-holders either your:\n\n- marriage certificate and decree absolute\n\n- civil partnership certificate and final order\n\nSome organisations will not change your name back without a deed poll.\n\n## Make your own deed poll\n\nYou need to be 16 or over to make your own deed poll.\n\nSome organisations may not accept a deed poll you\u2019ve made yourself as proof of your new name. Ask the organisation you\u2019re dealing with (for example your bank) if they need an \u2018enrolled\u2019 deed poll instead.\n\n## How to make your own deed poll\n\nUse the following wording:\n\n\u201cI [old name] of [your address] have given up my name [old name] and have adopted for all purposes the name [new name].\n\n\u201cSigned as a deed on [date] as [old name] and [new name] in the presence of [witness 1 name] of [witness 1 address], and [witness 2 name] of [witness 2 address].\n\n\u201c[your new signature], [your old signature]\n\n\u201c[witness 1 signature], [witness 2 signature]\u201d\n\nA specialist agency or a solicitor can make the deed poll for you instead - they may charge a fee.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made it, you can use your deed poll as proof of your new name.\n\n## Enrol a deed poll with the courts\n\nYou can put your new name on public record by \u2018enrolling\u2019 it at the Royal Courts of Justice if you\u2019re 18 or over. It costs \u00a342.44 and cheques should be made payable to HMCTS.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 18, follow the process for changing a child\u2019s name to enrol.\n\nDownload the guidance and forms for changing an adult\u2019s name - this includes the notification form for The Gazette.\n\nSend your forms and documents to the Queen\u2019s Bench Division.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), applications are taking longer than usual to process.\n\n## Change a child\u2019s name\n\nTo change the name of a child under 18 you can either:\n\n- make an unenrolled deed poll by using a specialist deed poll agency or a solicitor\n\n- apply for an enrolled deed poll from the Royal Courts of Justice\n\nIf you choose an enrolled deed poll, this means your child\u2019s new name will usually appear on public record in The Gazette.\n\nSome organisations will only accept an enrolled deed poll as proof of a name change. For example, to change your child\u2019s name on their passport you will need an enrolled deed poll.\n\nIf you\u2019re 16 or 17 you can choose to make your own unenrolled deed poll.\n\n## Apply for an enrolled deed poll\n\nYou\u2019ll need either:\n\n- the agreement of everyone with parental responsibility\n\n- a court order\n\nYou must try to reach agreement before you seek a court order.\n\n## If everyone with parental responsibility agrees\n\nDownload and complete the forms for changing a child\u2019s name - this includes the notification form for The Gazette.\n\nIt costs \u00a342.44 to apply.\n\nSend your forms and documents to the Queen\u2019s Bench Division.\n\nIf you\u2019re worried about your child\u2019s name change being published in The Gazette, contact the Queen\u2019s Bench Division. For example, they may agree to only publish your child\u2019s first name.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), applications are taking longer than usual to process.\n\n## If you need a court order\n\nRead the guidance on making an application to the court.\n\nFill in form C100 for a \u2018specific issue order\u2019.\n\nSend your form to your nearest court that deals with child cases.\n\nIt costs \u00a3215 to apply for a court order. You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You do not have to follow a legal process to start using a new name. But you might need a \u2018deed poll\u2019 to apply for or to change official documents like your passport or driving licence.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for changing your name in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Get a deed poll

    ", + "

    A deed poll is a legal document that proves a change of name. You can change any part of your name, add or remove names and hyphens, or change spelling.

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways to get a\u00a0deed poll. You can either:

    ", + "
  • make an \u2018unenrolled\u2019 deed poll yourself
    • ", + "
  • apply for an \u2018enrolled\u2019 deed poll
    • ", + "

    Ask the organisation you\u2019re dealing with (for example your bank) which type of deed poll they\u2019ll accept as proof of your new name.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a permanent resident overseas, you cannot change your name by deed poll.

    ", + "

    Make an \u2018unenrolled\u2019 deed poll

    ", + "

    You can change your name yourself if you\u2019re 16 or over.

    ", + "

    Apply for an \u2018enrolled\u2019 deed poll

    ", + "

    \u2018Enrolling\u2019 a deed poll means that you\u2019re putting your new name on public record.

    ", + "

    You must apply to the Royal Courts of Justice to get an \u2018enrolled\u2019 deed poll using the deed poll process. It costs \u00a342.44.

    ", + "

    You can only enrol your own name change if you\u2019re 18 or over. The process is different to change the name of a child under 18.

    ", + "

    Marriage and civil partnership

    ", + "

    You do not need a deed poll to take your spouse\u2019s or civil partner\u2019s surname. Send a copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate to record-holders, such as benefits offices. Your documents will be updated for free.

    ", + "

    If you divorce or end your civil partnership

    ", + "

    You may be able to go back to your original name by showing record-holders either your:

    ", + "
  • marriage certificate and decree absolute
    • ", + "
  • civil partnership certificate and final order
    • ", + "

    Some organisations will not change your name back without a deed poll.

    ", + "

    Make your own deed poll

    ", + "

    You need to be 16 or over to make your own deed poll.

    ", + "

    Some organisations may not accept a deed poll you\u2019ve made yourself as proof of your new name. Ask the organisation you\u2019re dealing with (for example your bank) if they need an \u2018enrolled\u2019 deed poll instead.

    ", + "

    How to make your own deed poll

    ", + "

    Use the following wording:

    ", + "

    \u201cI [old name] of [your address] have given up my name [old name] and have adopted for all purposes the name [new name].

    ", + "

    \u201cSigned as a deed on [date] as [old name] and [new name] in the presence of [witness 1 name] of [witness 1 address], and [witness 2 name] of [witness 2 address].

    ", + "

    \u201c[your new signature], [your old signature]

    ", + "

    \u201c[witness 1 signature], [witness 2 signature]\u201d

    ", + "

    A specialist agency or a solicitor can make the deed poll for you instead - they may charge a fee.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve made it, you can use your deed poll as proof of your new name.

    ", + "

    Enrol a deed poll with the courts

    ", + "

    You can put your new name on public record by \u2018enrolling\u2019 it at the Royal Courts of Justice if you\u2019re 18 or over. It costs \u00a342.44 and cheques should be made payable to HMCTS.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18, follow the process for changing a child\u2019s name to enrol.

    ", + "

    Download the guidance and forms for changing an adult\u2019s name - this includes the notification form for The Gazette.

    ", + "

    Send your forms and documents to the Queen\u2019s Bench Division.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), applications are taking longer than usual to process.

    ", + "

    Change a child\u2019s name

    ", + "

    To change the name of a child under 18 you can either:

    ", + "
  • make an unenrolled deed poll by using a specialist deed poll agency or a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • apply for an enrolled deed poll from the Royal Courts of Justice
    • ", + "

    If you choose an enrolled deed poll, this means your child\u2019s new name will usually appear on public record in The Gazette.

    ", + "

    Some organisations will only accept an enrolled deed poll as proof of a name change. For example, to change your child\u2019s name on their passport you will need an enrolled deed poll.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 16 or 17 you can choose to make your own unenrolled deed poll.

    ", + "

    Apply for an enrolled deed poll

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need either:

    ", + "
  • the agreement of everyone with parental responsibility
    • ", + "
  • a court order
    • ", + "

    You must try to reach agreement before you seek a court order.

    ", + "

    If everyone with parental responsibility agrees

    ", + "

    Download and complete the forms for changing a child\u2019s name - this includes the notification form for The Gazette.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a342.44 to apply.

    ", + "

    Send your forms and documents to the Queen\u2019s Bench Division.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about your child\u2019s name change being published in The Gazette, contact the Queen\u2019s Bench Division. For example, they may agree to only publish your child\u2019s first name.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), applications are taking longer than usual to process.

    ", + "

    If you need a court order

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on making an application to the court.

    ", + "

    Fill in form C100 for a \u2018specific issue order\u2019.

    ", + "

    Send your form to your nearest court that deals with child cases.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3215 to apply for a court order. You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/correct-birth-registration": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correct-birth-registration", + "title": "Correct a birth registration", + "content": "## What corrections can be made\n\nYou can apply for a birth registration correction when the information is wrong - for example if a mistake was made when recording a parent\u2019s occupation.\n\nYou cannot apply for a correction to show new information if circumstances change after you\u2019ve registered your child\u2019s birth, for example if you change your name after getting married again.\n\nHowever, you can apply to re-register the birth if the natural parents get married at a later date.\n\n## Removing the wrong father\u2019s details\n\nYou can apply to change who the recorded father is if you can prove that the man named on the certificate is not the natural father of the child. Examples of proof include:\n\n- a DNA test record from an approved tester\n\n- a court order\n\n- evidence that confirms the name of the true biological father\n\n- other evidence that confirms the recorded father could not have been the child\u2019s natural father\n\n## What happens if you change gender\n\nIf you get your gender change legally recognised, you\u2019ll be able to order a new birth certificate with your new gender on it.\n\n## What the correction looks like\n\nIf your application is approved, a correction is made in the register in the office for the area where your child was born.\n\nThe original information will always be shown in the register. After the correction has been authorised, a note will be added to the margin of the register. This will explain what the correct information is and when the correction was made.\n\nAll full birth certificates that are issued after the correction will include the note in the margin.\n\nShort birth certificates only include the child\u2019s details and will not have a note in the margin - they just show any correct new details.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nThe following people can apply for a correction:\n\n- the mother\n\n- the father (if his details are on the certificate)\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to change a child\u2019s name and both parents are named on the certificate, both must sign the application form.\n\nThe child named on the certificate may be able to apply for a correction if their parents are not available.\n\n## Removing the wrong father\u2019s details\n\nIt is not always necessary for the named father to take part in the correction process. The General Register Office (GRO) can correct the entry if 2 of the following people apply to have it changed:\n\n- the mother\n\n- the natural father\n\n- the man named on the birth certificate as the father\n\nAt least one of these must sign the application form.\n\nYou need to provide contact addresses for the mother, the man named as the father on the certificate and the true biological father (if he took part in a DNA test).\n\n## How to apply\n\nIt costs \u00a375 or \u00a390 to apply to correct a mistake in a birth registration.\n\nContact the register office where your child\u2019s birth was registered to find out how to send your application, the cost and how to pay.\n\nFill in the relevant application form and send it to the register office:\n\n- correct details on a birth registration\n\n- remove incorrect father\u2019s details from a birth registration\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for correcting registrations made in Northern Ireland and Scotland.\n\n## Proving the registration is wrong\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that the information given at the time of the registration was wrong. You must send in documents with your application that show what the correct information should have been. These documents should be valid or dated around the time your child was born.\n\nDocuments you can send in include a:\n\n- passport\n\n- photocard driving licence\n\n- bank, building society or credit card statement\n\n- letter from a hospital or doctor\n\n- letter from a government department\n\nIf you are not able to send in proof, corrections cannot usually be made.\n\nAll certified copies sent with the application will be destroyed if you do not ask for them to be returned.\n\n## Proof the wrong father is on the certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prove that the man named on the certificate is not the natural father of the child. Examples of proof include:\n\n- a DNA test record from an approved tester\n\n- a court order\n\n- evidence that confirms the name of the true biological father\n\n- other evidence that confirms the recorded father could not have been the child\u2019s natural father\n\n## Sending in certified documents\n\nYou should only send in documents that have been certified as true copies of the original.\n\n## Witnessing the correction\n\nIf the correction is being made at your register office, you need to arrange an appointment with them. When you go in you\u2019ll witness the correction and sign the note made in the birth register.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to the General Register Office (GRO) to make the correction, you can say on the application form if you want to witness the correction.\n\n## Statutory declaration\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to correct a serious mistake (such as the name of a person), the GRO may ask you to make a \u2018statutory declaration\u2019 about the correction and send it to them. This means you have to make a legal statement in front of someone like a judge or solicitor that they must sign (sometimes called \u2018attesting an oath\u2019).\n\nIf you make a statutory declaration, you will not have to witness the correction.\n\nYou may have to pay a fee for a statutory declaration.\n\n## How long applications take\n\nThere is no set time for how long applications will take. It can take up to 25 days for you to get a reply.\n\n## Advice\n\nIf you want further advice on applying to make a correction, contact the register office or the General Register Office (GRO).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What corrections can be made

    ", + "

    You can apply for a birth registration correction when the information is wrong - for example if a mistake was made when recording a parent\u2019s occupation.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a correction to show new information if circumstances change after you\u2019ve registered your child\u2019s birth, for example if you change your name after getting married again.

    ", + "

    However, you can apply to re-register the birth if the natural parents get married at a later date.

    ", + "

    Removing the wrong father\u2019s details

    ", + "

    You can apply to change who the recorded father is if you can prove that the man named on the certificate is not the natural father of the child. Examples of proof include:

    ", + "
  • a DNA test record from an approved tester
    • ", + "
  • a court order
    • ", + "
  • evidence that confirms the name of the true biological father
    • ", + "
  • other evidence that confirms the recorded father could not have been the child\u2019s natural father
    • ", + "

    What happens if you change gender

    ", + "

    If you get your gender change legally recognised, you\u2019ll be able to order a new birth certificate with your new gender on it.

    ", + "

    What the correction looks like

    ", + "

    If your application is approved, a correction is made in the register in the office for the area where your child was born.

    ", + "

    The original information will always be shown in the register. After the correction has been authorised, a note will be added to the margin of the register. This will explain what the correct information is and when the correction was made.

    ", + "

    All full birth certificates that are issued after the correction will include the note in the margin.

    ", + "

    Short birth certificates only include the child\u2019s details and will not have a note in the margin - they just show any correct new details.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    The following people can apply for a correction:

    ", + "
  • the mother
    • ", + "
  • the father (if his details are on the certificate)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to change a child\u2019s name and both parents are named on the certificate, both must sign the application form.

    ", + "

    The child named on the certificate may be able to apply for a correction if their parents are not available.

    ", + "

    Removing the wrong father\u2019s details

    ", + "

    It is not always necessary for the named father to take part in the correction process. The General Register Office (GRO) can correct the entry if 2 of the following people apply to have it changed:

    ", + "
  • the mother
    • ", + "
  • the natural father
    • ", + "
  • the man named on the birth certificate as the father
    • ", + "

    At least one of these must sign the application form.

    ", + "

    You need to provide contact addresses for the mother, the man named as the father on the certificate and the true biological father (if he took part in a DNA test).

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a375 or \u00a390 to apply to correct a mistake in a birth registration.

    ", + "

    Contact the register office where your child\u2019s birth was registered to find out how to send your application, the cost and how to pay.

    ", + "

    Fill in the relevant application form and send it to the register office:

    ", + "
  • correct details on a birth registration
    • ", + "
  • remove incorrect father\u2019s details from a birth registration
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for correcting registrations made in Northern Ireland and Scotland.

    ", + "

    Proving the registration is wrong

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that the information given at the time of the registration was wrong. You must send in documents with your application that show what the correct information should have been. These documents should be valid or dated around the time your child was born.

    ", + "

    Documents you can send in include a:

    ", + "
  • passport
    • ", + "
  • photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • bank, building society or credit card statement
    • ", + "
  • letter from a hospital or doctor
    • ", + "
  • letter from a government department
    • ", + "

    If you are not able to send in proof, corrections cannot usually be made.

    ", + "

    All certified copies sent with the application will be destroyed if you do not ask for them to be returned.

    ", + "

    Proof the wrong father is on the certificate

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove that the man named on the certificate is not the natural father of the child. Examples of proof include:

    ", + "
  • a DNA test record from an approved tester
    • ", + "
  • a court order
    • ", + "
  • evidence that confirms the name of the true biological father
    • ", + "
  • other evidence that confirms the recorded father could not have been the child\u2019s natural father
    • ", + "

    Sending in certified documents

    ", + "

    You should only send in documents that have been certified as true copies of the original.

    ", + "

    Witnessing the correction

    ", + "

    If the correction is being made at your register office, you need to arrange an appointment with them. When you go in you\u2019ll witness the correction and sign the note made in the birth register.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to the General Register Office (GRO) to make the correction, you can say on the application form if you want to witness the correction.

    ", + "

    Statutory declaration

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to correct a serious mistake (such as the name of a person), the GRO may ask you to make a \u2018statutory declaration\u2019 about the correction and send it to them. This means you have to make a legal statement in front of someone like a judge or solicitor that they must sign (sometimes called \u2018attesting an oath\u2019).

    ", + "

    If you make a statutory declaration, you will not have to witness the correction.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a fee for a statutory declaration.

    ", + "

    How long applications take

    ", + "

    There is no set time for how long applications will take. It can take up to 25 days for you to get a reply.

    ", + "

    Advice

    ", + "

    If you want further advice on applying to make a correction, contact the register office or the General Register Office (GRO).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/correcting-a-death-registration": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correcting-a-death-registration", + "title": "Correct a death registration", + "content": "## What corrections can be made\n\nYou cannot change a death certificate once it\u2019s been issued, but you can apply to get a note added to the original entry in the death register.\n\nYou can then get an updated certificate issued that shows this note.\n\nCorrections to a death registration can only be made when the information is wrong (for example a mistake in spelling a person\u2019s name).\n\n## What the correction looks like\n\nThe original information will always be shown in the death register. After the correction has been authorised, a note will be added to the margin of the register. This will explain what the correct information is and when the correction was made.\n\nIf you apply for a new death certificate, the note containing the correct information will be in the margin.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nAnyone can apply to correct a death entry.\n\nHowever, the General Register Office (GRO) will usually need a letter from the person who gave information for the death to be registered before considering a correction.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIt costs \u00a375 or \u00a390 to apply to correct a mistake in a death registration.\n\nContact the register office where the death was registered to find out how to send your application, the cost, and how to pay.\n\nFill in the application form to correct details on a death registration and send it to the register office.\n\n## Proving the registration is wrong\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that the information given at the time of the registration was wrong. You must send in documents with your application that show what the correct information should have been. These documents should be valid or dated around the time of the death.\n\nDocuments you can send in include a:\n\n- passport\n\n- photocard driving licence\n\n- bank, building society or credit card statement\n\n- letter from a hospital or doctor\n\n- letter from a government department\n\n- utility bill\n\nIf you cannot send in proof, corrections cannot usually be made.\n\nAll certified copies sent with the application will be destroyed if you do not ask for them to be returned.\n\n## Sending in certified documents\n\nYou should only send in documents that have been certified as true copies of the original.\n\n## Witnessing the correction\n\nIf the correction is being made at your register office, you need to arrange an appointment with them. When you go in you\u2019ll witness the correction and sign the note made in the death register.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to the GRO to make the correction, you can say on the application form if you want to witness the correction.\n\n## Statutory declaration\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to correct a serious mistake (for example in the name of a person), the GRO may ask you to make a \u2018statutory declaration\u2019. GRO will give you more advice about this if it is necessary.\n\nYou may have to pay a fee for a statutory declaration.\n\n## How long applications take\n\nThere is not a set time for how long applications will take. It can take up to 25 days for you to get a reply.\n\n## Advice\n\nIf you want further advice on applying to make a correction, contact the register office or the General Register Office (GRO).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What corrections can be made

    ", + "

    You cannot change a death certificate once it\u2019s been issued, but you can apply to get a note added to the original entry in the death register.

    ", + "

    You can then get an updated certificate issued that shows this note.

    ", + "

    Corrections to a death registration can only be made when the information is wrong (for example a mistake in spelling a person\u2019s name).

    ", + "

    What the correction looks like

    ", + "

    The original information will always be shown in the death register. After the correction has been authorised, a note will be added to the margin of the register. This will explain what the correct information is and when the correction was made.

    ", + "

    If you apply for a new death certificate, the note containing the correct information will be in the margin.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    Anyone can apply to correct a death entry.

    ", + "

    However, the General Register Office (GRO) will usually need a letter from the person who gave information for the death to be registered before considering a correction.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a375 or \u00a390 to apply to correct a mistake in a death registration.

    ", + "

    Contact the register office where the death was registered to find out how to send your application, the cost, and how to pay.

    ", + "

    Fill in the application form to correct details on a death registration and send it to the register office.

    ", + "

    Proving the registration is wrong

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that the information given at the time of the registration was wrong. You must send in documents with your application that show what the correct information should have been. These documents should be valid or dated around the time of the death.

    ", + "

    Documents you can send in include a:

    ", + "
  • passport
    • ", + "
  • photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • bank, building society or credit card statement
    • ", + "
  • letter from a hospital or doctor
    • ", + "
  • letter from a government department
    • ", + "
  • utility bill
    • ", + "

    If you cannot send in proof, corrections cannot usually be made.

    ", + "

    All certified copies sent with the application will be destroyed if you do not ask for them to be returned.

    ", + "

    Sending in certified documents

    ", + "

    You should only send in documents that have been certified as true copies of the original.

    ", + "

    Witnessing the correction

    ", + "

    If the correction is being made at your register office, you need to arrange an appointment with them. When you go in you\u2019ll witness the correction and sign the note made in the death register.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to the GRO to make the correction, you can say on the application form if you want to witness the correction.

    ", + "

    Statutory declaration

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to correct a serious mistake (for example in the name of a person), the GRO may ask you to make a \u2018statutory declaration\u2019. GRO will give you more advice about this if it is necessary.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a fee for a statutory declaration.

    ", + "

    How long applications take

    ", + "

    There is not a set time for how long applications will take. It can take up to 25 days for you to get a reply.

    ", + "

    Advice

    ", + "

    If you want further advice on applying to make a correction, contact the register office or the General Register Office (GRO).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/get-copy-military-service-records": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-copy-military-service-records", + "title": "Get a copy of military service records", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for either:\n\n- your own service records if you are, or have been, a member of the armed forces\n\n- the records of someone who\u2019s deceased if you\u2019re eligible, for example you\u2019re their immediate next of kin or you\u2019re researching them\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt can take several months for your application to be processed.\n\nYour application will be prioritised if it\u2019s urgent.\n\n## Other ways to find service records\n\nYou can also search:\n\n- the Commonwealth War Graves Commission website\n\n- the Armed Forces Memorial roll of honour\n\n- the National Archives for service records from 1913 to 1920 or service records before 1913\n\n## Apply for your own records\n\nYou can apply for your own records if you are, or have been, a member of the armed forces, for example the Royal Navy (including Royal Marines), British Army or Royal Air Force.\n\nDownload and fill in a request for your own records (PDF, 64KB). Send it to the address on the form, along with any supporting documents. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nUse this form if you\u2019re acting on behalf of the person, for example if you have lasting power of attorney.\n\n## Apply for the records of someone who's deceased\n\nYou can apply for a copy of someone else\u2019s service records if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re their immediate next of kin, for example their spouse or parent\n\n- you\u2019ve got consent from their immediate next of kin\n\n- you have a general research interest - you\u2019ll only have access to limited information, unless they died more than 25 years ago\n\nYou need to know the person\u2019s full name, date of birth and service number.\n\nFill in 2 forms - a request form and a search form.\n\n## Fill in a request form\n\nDownload and fill in a request form for either:\n\n- next of kin\u2019s records (PDF, 53KB) - use this form if you\u2019re next of kin or have next of kin\u2019s consent\n\n- not next of kin\u2019s records (PDF, 46KB) - use this form if you\u2019re not next of kin and don\u2019t have next of kin\u2019s consent\n\n## Fill in a search form\n\nDownload and fill in the relevant search form, depending on whether the person was in the:\n\n- Royal Navy or Royal Marines (PDF, 20KB)\n\n- British Army (PDF, 20KB)\n\n- Royal Air Force (PDF, 20KB)\n\n## Post your forms\n\nSend both forms, with the fee of \u00a330 for each separate record, and any supporting documents (for example a death certificate) to the address on the search form.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you were the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner at the time of their death (or their parent, if there was no spouse).\n\nYou can pay by cheque or postal order - or by banker\u2019s draft or international money order if you\u2019re overseas.\n\nFollow the instructions for applying for your own records if you\u2019re acting on behalf of the person, for example you have lasting power of attorney.\n\n## What information you\u2019ll get\n\nRecords date from 1920 and may include:\n\n- surname, first name, service number, rank and regiment or corps\n\n- place and date of birth\n\n- date they joined and left the armed forces\n\n- date of death, if they died in service\n\n- good conduct medals\n\n- details about their career, for example the units they served in - you can only get these 25 years after the date they died, unless you have consent from their next of kin\n\nIn some cases little or no information is available about someone\u2019s military service.\n\nYour request might be refused if it could harm the security or operations of the armed forces.\n\n## If you want to complain\n\nWrite to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Information Rights team if you want to complain about how your request was handled.\n\nYou can contact the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO) if you\u2019re not happy with how the MOD handled your complaint.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for either:

    ", + "
  • your own service records if you are, or have been, a member of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • the records of someone who\u2019s deceased if you\u2019re eligible, for example you\u2019re their immediate next of kin or you\u2019re researching them
    • ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    It can take several months for your application to be processed.

    ", + "

    Your application will be prioritised if it\u2019s urgent.

    ", + "

    Other ways to find service records

    ", + "

    You can also search:

    ", + "
  • the Commonwealth War Graves Commission website
    • ", + "
  • the Armed Forces Memorial roll of honour
    • ", + "
  • the National Archives for service records from 1913 to 1920 or service records before 1913
    • ", + "

    Apply for your own records

    ", + "

    You can apply for your own records if you are, or have been, a member of the armed forces, for example the Royal Navy (including Royal Marines), British Army or Royal Air Force.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a request for your own records (PDF, 64KB). Send it to the address on the form, along with any supporting documents. There\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    Use this form if you\u2019re acting on behalf of the person, for example if you have lasting power of attorney.

    ", + "

    Apply for the records of someone who's deceased

    ", + "

    You can apply for a copy of someone else\u2019s service records if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re their immediate next of kin, for example their spouse or parent
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got consent from their immediate next of kin
    • ", + "
  • you have a general research interest - you\u2019ll only have access to limited information, unless they died more than 25 years ago
    • ", + "

    You need to know the person\u2019s full name, date of birth and service number.

    ", + "

    Fill in 2 forms - a request form and a search form.

    ", + "

    Fill in a request form

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a request form for either:

    ", + "
  • next of kin\u2019s records (PDF, 53KB) - use this form if you\u2019re next of kin or have next of kin\u2019s consent
    • ", + "
  • not next of kin\u2019s records (PDF, 46KB) - use this form if you\u2019re not next of kin and don\u2019t have next of kin\u2019s consent
    • ", + "

    Fill in a search form

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the relevant search form, depending on whether the person was in the:

    ", + "
  • Royal Navy or Royal Marines (PDF, 20KB)
    • ", + "
  • British Army (PDF, 20KB)
    • ", + "
  • Royal Air Force (PDF, 20KB)
    • ", + "

    Post your forms

    ", + "

    Send both forms, with the fee of \u00a330 for each separate record, and any supporting documents (for example a death certificate) to the address on the search form.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you were the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner at the time of their death (or their parent, if there was no spouse).

    ", + "

    You can pay by cheque or postal order - or by banker\u2019s draft or international money order if you\u2019re overseas.

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions for applying for your own records if you\u2019re acting on behalf of the person, for example you have lasting power of attorney.

    ", + "

    What information you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    Records date from 1920 and may include:

    ", + "
  • surname, first name, service number, rank and regiment or corps
    • ", + "
  • place and date of birth
    • ", + "
  • date they joined and left the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • date of death, if they died in service
    • ", + "
  • good conduct medals
    • ", + "
  • details about their career, for example the units they served in - you can only get these 25 years after the date they died, unless you have consent from their next of kin
    • ", + "

    In some cases little or no information is available about someone\u2019s military service.

    ", + "

    Your request might be refused if it could harm the security or operations of the armed forces.

    ", + "

    If you want to complain

    ", + "

    Write to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Information Rights team if you want to complain about how your request was handled.

    ", + "

    You can contact the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO) if you\u2019re not happy with how the MOD handled your complaint.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/marriages-civil-partnerships": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marriages-civil-partnerships", + "title": "Marriages and civil partnerships in England and Wales", + "content": "## Check if you can get married or form a civil partnership\n\nYou can get married or form a civil partnership in England or Wales if you\u2019re:\n\n- 16 or over\n\n- not already married or in a civil partnership\n\n- not closely related\n\nSame sex couples can convert a civil partnership into a marriage in England or Wales.\n\nThere are different rules if you want to get married or form a civil partnership:\n\n- in Scotland\n\n- in Northern Ireland\n\n- abroad\n\n## If you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou need permission from your parents or guardians to get married or form a civil partnership in England or Wales.\n\n## If you or your partner are from outside the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. The deadline for applying is 30 June 2021.\n\nYou must apply for a visa to get married or form a civil partnership in the UK if you:\n\n- are not a British or Irish citizen\n\n- do not have indefinite leave to remain in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re from the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland, you will not need a visa if you\u2019re coming to the UK on or before 30 June 2021. From 1 July 2021, you will need a visa, unless you:\n\n- have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- applied to the EU Settlement Scheme before 30 June 2021, and are waiting for a decision\n\nThe visa or permit you need depends on where your partner is from and whether you want to live in the UK after your ceremony.\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- a marriage visitor visa - if you\u2019re not going to live in the UK and will stay less than 6 months\n\n- a family visa - to live permanently in the UK if your partner is a British citizen, settled in the UK, has refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\n- a family permit - to join your family member from the EU, EEA or Switzerland in the UK\n\n## If you do not have a marriage visitor visa or family visa\n\nYou can still give notice of your intention to get married or form a civil partnership but the immigration authorities at the Home Office will be told.\n\nThe Home Office might:\n\n- ask questions about you and your relationship - if this happens you may need to wait up to 70 days before getting married or forming a civil partnership\n\n- decide not to approve your notice - if this happens you cannot get married or form a civil partnership in the UK\n\n## Plan your ceremony\n\nYou must decide where to have your marriage or civil partnership ceremony before \u2018giving notice\u2019.\n\nTo give notice, you\u2019ll sign a legal statement at your local register office saying you intend to get married or form a civil partnership. This must include details of the final venue for your ceremony.\n\nYou must hold your ceremony within 12 months of \u2018giving notice\u2019.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and planning a ceremony\n\nSocial distancing and public health restrictions are in place for ceremonies because of coronavirus. Contact your local register office or venue for the ceremony to find out how these will affect you.\n\n## Choose the type of ceremony\n\nYou can choose to have either a religious ceremony or a civil ceremony if you\u2019re getting married.\n\nIf you\u2019re forming a civil partnership you cannot have a religious ceremony.\n\n## Religious ceremonies\n\nA religious wedding can take place at any registered religious building.\n\nSame-sex couples can get married in a religious building if it has been registered for the marriage of same-sex couples. You cannot get married in an Anglican church as a same-sex couple.\n\nAn authorised person, such as a religious minister, must attend the ceremony and sign the \u2018marriage schedule\u2019 or \u2018marriage document\u2019.\n\nCheck with the venue if there is an authorised person. If not, you\u2019ll need to book a registrar. This costs \u00a386.\n\n## Civil ceremonies\n\nYou can have a civil ceremony at:\n\n- a register office\n\n- any venue approved by the local council, for example a stately home or hotel\n\nYou must have at least 2 witnesses at the ceremony.\n\nA registrar must carry out, or be present at, your ceremony. You can book a registrar yourself or the venue may do this for you.\n\nThe cost of a registrar is:\n\n- \u00a346 at a register office\n\n- \u00a386 at a registered religious building\n\nCosts may be different at other approved premises.\n\n## What can happen at the ceremony\n\nYou must exchange vows if you\u2019re getting married. Discuss any other wording you want with the person carrying out the ceremony.\n\nYou do not need to exchange vows for a civil partnership, but you can if you\u2019d like to.\n\nCivil ceremonies can include readings, songs or music, but must not include anything that\u2019s religious (for example hymns or readings from the Bible or the Torah). You can get a religious blessing of your marriage after a civil ceremony.\n\nIf you\u2019re getting married, you and your partner sign the marriage schedule or marriage document at the ceremony. You can each include up to 4 parents on the form (for example mothers, fathers or step-parents).\n\n## After a marriage ceremony\n\nYour signed marriage schedule or document is sent to your local register office where it\u2019s added to the marriage register. After that, you can get your marriage certificate.\n\nContact your local register office to find out how to get your marriage certificate and how long it will take.\n\n## Give notice\n\nYou must sign a legal statement at your local register office to say you intend to get married or form a civil partnership. This is known as \u2018giving notice\u2019.\n\nYou must give notice at least 29 days before your ceremony.\n\nFor example, if you give notice on 1 May, the earliest date you can get married or form a civil partnership is 30 May.\n\nYou must hold your ceremony within 12 months of \u2018giving notice\u2019.\n\nThe process of giving notice might be different for Anglican weddings - check with the wedding venue.\n\n## Where to give notice\n\nYou usually need to make an appointment to give notice at your local register office. You must have lived in that registration district for the past 7 days.\n\nYou and your partner will need to give notice separately if you live in different registration districts. You do not have to do this on the same day.\n\n## If one of you is from outside the UK and you\u2019re giving notice by 30 June 2021\n\nYou and your partner need to give notice together at a designated register office unless you both have one of the following:\n\n- British or Irish citizenship\n\n- EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Swiss citizenship\n\nYou can give your notice at a designated register office in any district.\n\n## If one of you is from outside the UK and you\u2019re giving notice from 1 July 2021\n\nYou and your partner must give notice together, unless you both have one of the following:\n\n- British or Irish citizenship\n\n- settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- an application to the EU Settlement Scheme that you made before 30 June 2021, which you\u2019re waiting for a decision on\n\nYou must give your notice together at a register office in the district where at least one of you lives.\n\nIf your partner had already given notice separately before 1 July 2021, they will need to give notice again with you.\n\n## Documents you'll need to give notice\n\nYou must bring originals of the following documents to your appointment:\n\n- details of the final venue for your ceremony\n\n- a valid passport or UK birth certificate (if you were born before 1 January 1983)\n\n- proof of your home address\n\n- proof of any name changes (for example, a copy of a deed poll)\n\nUntil 30 June 2021, you can use a national identity card from the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland instead of a valid passport.\n\nTo prove your address, bring one of the following:\n\n- valid UK or Irish driving licence\n\n- gas, water or electricity bill from the last 3 months\n\n- bank or building society statement from the last month\n\n- Council Tax bill from the last 12 months\n\n- mortgage statement from the last 12 months\n\n- current tenancy agreement\n\n- letter from your landlord (dated within the last 7 days) confirming you live there and including your landlord\u2019s name, address and their signature\n\nUntil 30 June 2021, you can also use a driving licence from the EU, EEA or Switzerland as proof of UK address.\n\nIf your normal address is outside the UK, you\u2019ll need to give details of a UK contact address. For example, this could be your partner, friend or family member\u2019s address.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been married or in a civil partnership before\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to bring one of the following documents:\n\n- a decree absolute or final order\n\n- your former partner\u2019s death certificate\n\nYou need to bring proof of your divorce, annulment or dissolution if it was granted outside of the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man. You\u2019ll have to pay a fee of \u00a350 for the local register office to check your documents or \u00a375 if the General Register Office needs to check them.\n\n## If you or your partner are from outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to bring:\n\n\u2022 a passport sized photo for each of you (even if only one of you from outside the UK)\n\u2022 proof of your current immigration status (for example, your visa)\n\u2022 a translation of any documents that are not in English\n\n## If you\u2019re from the EU, EEA or Switzerland\n\nYou will only need to bring the passport photos, proof of your immigration status and translated documents if you\u2019re giving notice on or after 1 July 2021.\n\nIf you\u2019re giving notice from 1 July 2021, you\u2019ll also need to bring confirmation of either:\n\n- your settled or pre-settled status - you\u2019ll need to bring a \u2018share code\u2019 which you can get from the \u2018view and prove your immigration status\u2019 service, which will be valid for 30 days\n\n- an application to the EU settlement scheme you made on or before 30 June 2021, which you\u2019re waiting for a decision on - you\u2019ll need to bring your certificate of application", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Check if you can get married or form a civil partnership

    ", + "

    You can get married or form a civil partnership in England or Wales if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • not already married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • not closely related
    • ", + "

    Same sex couples can convert a civil partnership into a marriage in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you want to get married or form a civil partnership:

    ", + "
  • in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • abroad
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18

    ", + "

    You need permission from your parents or guardians to get married or form a civil partnership in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    If you or your partner are from outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. The deadline for applying is 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    You must apply for a visa to get married or form a civil partnership in the UK if you:

    ", + "
  • are not a British or Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • do not have indefinite leave to remain in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland, you will not need a visa if you\u2019re coming to the UK on or before 30 June 2021. From 1 July 2021, you will need a visa, unless you:

    ", + "
  • have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • applied to the EU Settlement Scheme before 30 June 2021, and are waiting for a decision
    • ", + "

    The visa or permit you need depends on where your partner is from and whether you want to live in the UK after your ceremony.

    ", + "

    You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • a marriage visitor visa - if you\u2019re not going to live in the UK and will stay less than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • a family visa - to live permanently in the UK if your partner is a British citizen, settled in the UK, has refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a family permit - to join your family member from the EU, EEA or Switzerland in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you do not have a marriage visitor visa or family visa

    ", + "

    You can still give notice of your intention to get married or form a civil partnership but the immigration authorities at the Home Office will be told.

    ", + "

    The Home Office might:

    ", + "
  • ask questions about you and your relationship - if this happens you may need to wait up to 70 days before getting married or forming a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • decide not to approve your notice - if this happens you cannot get married or form a civil partnership in the UK
    • ", + "

    Plan your ceremony

    ", + "

    You must decide where to have your marriage or civil partnership ceremony before \u2018giving notice\u2019.

    ", + "

    To give notice, you\u2019ll sign a legal statement at your local register office saying you intend to get married or form a civil partnership. This must include details of the final venue for your ceremony.

    ", + "

    You must hold your ceremony within 12 months of \u2018giving notice\u2019.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and planning a ceremony

    ", + "

    Social distancing and public health restrictions are in place for ceremonies because of coronavirus. Contact your local register office or venue for the ceremony to find out how these will affect you.

    ", + "

    Choose the type of ceremony

    ", + "

    You can choose to have either a religious ceremony or a civil ceremony if you\u2019re getting married.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re forming a civil partnership you cannot have a religious ceremony.

    ", + "

    Religious ceremonies

    ", + "

    A religious wedding can take place at any registered religious building.

    ", + "

    Same-sex couples can get married in a religious building if it has been registered for the marriage of same-sex couples. You cannot get married in an Anglican church as a same-sex couple.

    ", + "

    An authorised person, such as a religious minister, must attend the ceremony and sign the \u2018marriage schedule\u2019 or \u2018marriage document\u2019.

    ", + "

    Check with the venue if there is an authorised person. If not, you\u2019ll need to book a registrar. This costs \u00a386.

    ", + "

    Civil ceremonies

    ", + "

    You can have a civil ceremony at:

    ", + "
  • a register office
    • ", + "
  • any venue approved by the local council, for example a stately home or hotel
    • ", + "

    You must have at least 2 witnesses at the ceremony.

    ", + "

    A registrar must carry out, or be present at, your ceremony. You can book a registrar yourself or the venue may do this for you.

    ", + "

    The cost of a registrar is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a346 at a register office
    • ", + "
  • \u00a386 at a registered religious building
    • ", + "

    Costs may be different at other approved premises.

    ", + "

    What can happen at the ceremony

    ", + "

    You must exchange vows if you\u2019re getting married. Discuss any other wording you want with the person carrying out the ceremony.

    ", + "

    You do not need to exchange vows for a civil partnership, but you can if you\u2019d like to.

    ", + "

    Civil ceremonies can include readings, songs or music, but must not include anything that\u2019s religious (for example hymns or readings from the Bible or the Torah). You can get a religious blessing of your marriage after a civil ceremony.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting married, you and your partner sign the marriage schedule or marriage document at the ceremony. You can each include up to 4 parents on the form (for example mothers, fathers or step-parents).

    ", + "

    After a marriage ceremony

    ", + "

    Your signed marriage schedule or document is sent to your local register office where it\u2019s added to the marriage register. After that, you can get your marriage certificate.

    ", + "

    Contact your local register office to find out how to get your marriage certificate and how long it will take.

    ", + "

    Give notice

    ", + "

    You must sign a legal statement at your local register office to say you intend to get married or form a civil partnership. This is known as \u2018giving notice\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must give notice at least 29 days before your ceremony.

    ", + "

    For example, if you give notice on 1 May, the earliest date you can get married or form a civil partnership is 30 May.

    ", + "

    You must hold your ceremony within 12 months of \u2018giving notice\u2019.

    ", + "

    The process of giving notice might be different for Anglican weddings - check with the wedding venue.

    ", + "

    Where to give notice

    ", + "

    You usually need to make an appointment to give notice at your local register office. You must have lived in that registration district for the past 7 days.

    ", + "

    You and your partner will need to give notice separately if you live in different registration districts. You do not have to do this on the same day.

    ", + "

    If one of you is from outside the UK and you\u2019re giving notice by 30 June 2021

    ", + "

    You and your partner need to give notice together at a designated register office unless you both have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • British or Irish citizenship
    • ", + "
  • EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Swiss citizenship
    • ", + "

    You can give your notice at a designated register office in any district.

    ", + "

    If one of you is from outside the UK and you\u2019re giving notice from 1 July 2021

    ", + "

    You and your partner must give notice together, unless you both have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • British or Irish citizenship
    • ", + "
  • settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • an application to the EU Settlement Scheme that you made before 30 June 2021, which you\u2019re waiting for a decision on
    • ", + "

    You must give your notice together at a register office in the district where at least one of you lives.

    ", + "

    If your partner had already given notice separately before 1 July 2021, they will need to give notice again with you.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need to give notice

    ", + "

    You must bring originals of the following documents to your appointment:

    ", + "
  • details of the final venue for your ceremony
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or UK birth certificate (if you were born before 1 January 1983)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your home address
    • ", + "
  • proof of any name changes (for example, a copy of a deed poll)
    • ", + "

    Until 30 June 2021, you can use a national identity card from the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland instead of a valid passport.

    ", + "

    To prove your address, bring one of the following:

    ", + "
  • valid UK or Irish driving licence
    • ", + "
  • gas, water or electricity bill from the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society statement from the last month
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax bill from the last 12 months
    • ", + "
  • mortgage statement from the last 12 months
    • ", + "
  • current tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • letter from your landlord (dated within the last 7 days) confirming you live there and including your landlord\u2019s name, address and their signature
    • ", + "

    Until 30 June 2021, you can also use a driving licence from the EU, EEA or Switzerland as proof of UK address.

    ", + "

    If your normal address is outside the UK, you\u2019ll need to give details of a UK contact address. For example, this could be your partner, friend or family member\u2019s address.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been married or in a civil partnership before

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to bring one of the following documents:

    ", + "
  • a decree absolute or final order
    • ", + "
  • your former partner\u2019s death certificate
    • ", + "

    You need to bring proof of your divorce, annulment or dissolution if it was granted outside of the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man. You\u2019ll have to pay a fee of \u00a350 for the local register office to check your documents or \u00a375 if the General Register Office needs to check them.

    ", + "

    If you or your partner are from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to bring:

    ", + "

    \u2022 a passport sized photo for each of you (even if only one of you from outside the UK)\n\u2022 proof of your current immigration status (for example, your visa)\n\u2022 a translation of any documents that are not in English

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, EEA or Switzerland

    ", + "

    You will only need to bring the passport photos, proof of your immigration status and translated documents if you\u2019re giving notice on or after 1 July 2021.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re giving notice from 1 July 2021, you\u2019ll also need to bring confirmation of either:

    ", + "
  • your settled or pre-settled status - you\u2019ll need to bring a \u2018share code\u2019 which you can get from the \u2018view and prove your immigration status\u2019 service, which will be valid for 30 days
    • ", + "
  • an application to the EU settlement scheme you made on or before 30 June 2021, which you\u2019re waiting for a decision on - you\u2019ll need to bring your certificate of application
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/register-birth": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-birth", + "title": "Register a birth", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may not be able to register a birth at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You\u2019ll be able to register at a later date.\n\nFind out if you can register a birth now by:\n\n- contacting the local register office\n\n- asking at the hospital where the baby was born before the mother leaves\n\nThere are different rules for registering a birth in Scotland, registering a birth in Northern Ireland and registering a birth abroad.\n\n## Information you need when registering a birth\n\nWhen registering the birth, you should know:\n\n- place and date of the birth\n\n- name, surname and sex of the baby\n\n- parents\u2019 names, surnames and address\n\n- places and dates of parents\u2019 birth\n\n- date of parents\u2019 marriage or civil partnership\n\n- parents\u2019 jobs\n\n- mother\u2019s maiden surname\n\n## What you should take\n\nIf you can register the birth, you should take at least one form of identification when you go to the register office. You can use:\n\n- passport\n\n- birth certificate\n\n- deed poll\n\n- driving licence\n\n- proof of address (for example, a utility bill)\n\n- Council Tax bill\n\n- marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\nYou should also take your child\u2019s personal child health record or \u2018red book\u2019 as some registrars may ask to see it.\n\nIf you\u2019re going to the register office on your own, you may need proof of paternity from the other parent before you give their details.\n\n## Organisations you need to contact\n\nHaving a child might affect your tax, your benefits and services from your local council.\n\nThe Tell Us Once service can report a birth to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) and your local council in one go. The registrar will let you know if this service is available in your area.\n\nWhen you go to a Tell Us Once appointment, you\u2019ll be asked about:\n\n- the people who\u2019ll be named on the birth register\n\n- any partners that live with them\n\nFor each person, you\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- their address and phone number\n\n- their date of birth\n\n- their National Insurance number\n\n- details of any benefits they get or have applied for\n\nIf the Tell Us Once service is not available in your area, you\u2019ll need to contact Jobcentre Plus and your local council about your benefits and services.\n\n## After the birth is registered\n\nOnce you\u2019ve registered the birth, you may be able to claim:\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n## Who can register a birth\n\n## Opposite-sex couples\n\n## Married or civil-partner parents\n\nEither parent can register the birth on their own. They can include both parents\u2019 details if they were married or in a civil partnership when the baby was born or conceived.\n\n## Unmarried parents\n\nThe details of both parents can be included on the birth certificate if one of the following happens:\n\n- they sign the birth register together\n\n- one parent completes a statutory declaration of parentage form and the other takes the signed form to register the birth\n\n- one parent goes to register the birth with a document from the court (for example, a court order) giving the father parental responsibility\n\nThe mother can choose to register the birth without the child\u2019s father if they\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership. The father\u2019s details will not be included on the birth certificate.\n\nIt might be possible to add the father\u2019s details at a later date by completing an application for the re-registration of a child\u2019s birth.\n\n## Same-sex female couples\n\nFemale couples can include both their names on their child\u2019s birth certificate when registering the birth.\n\n## Married or civil-partner parents\n\nEither parent can register the birth on their own if all of the following are true:\n\n- the mother has a child by donor insemination or fertility treatment\n\n- she was married or in a civil partnership at the time of the treatment\n\n## Unmarried, non-civil-partner parents\n\nWhen a mother is not married or in a civil partnership, her partner can be seen as the child\u2019s second parent if both women:\n\n- are treated together in the UK by a licensed clinic\n\n- have made a \u2018parenthood agreement\u2019\n\nHowever, for both parents\u2019 details to be recorded on the birth certificate, they must do one of the following:\n\n- register the birth jointly\n\n- complete a \u2018Statutory declaration of acknowledgement of parentage\u2019 form and one parent takes the signed form when she registers the birth\n\n- get a document from the court (for example, a court order) giving the second female parent parental responsibility and one parent shows the document when she registers the birth\n\n## Same-sex male couples\n\nMale couples must get a parental order from the court before they can be registered as parents.\n\n## Other people who can register a birth\n\nIf the parents cannot register the birth (for example, for medical reasons), certain other people can do it:\n\n- someone who was present at the birth\n\n- someone who is responsible for the child\n\n- a member of the administrative staff at the hospital where the child was born\n\n## Birth certificates\n\nYou may not get a certificate straight away because of coronavirus (COVID-19). The register office will tell you when you can get a certificate.\n\nThere are 2 types of birth certificate:\n\n- the short version, which contains only the baby\u2019s details\n\n- the full version, which also contains the parents\u2019 details\n\nOnce you have registered the birth, you\u2019ll be able to buy a short or full certificate for your baby. Both kinds cost \u00a311.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may not be able to register a birth at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You\u2019ll be able to register at a later date.

    ", + "

    Find out if you can register a birth now by:

    ", + "
  • contacting the local register office
    • ", + "
  • asking at the hospital where the baby was born before the mother leaves
    • ", + "

    There are different rules for registering a birth in Scotland, registering a birth in Northern Ireland and registering a birth abroad.

    ", + "

    Information you need when registering a birth

    ", + "

    When registering the birth, you should know:

    ", + "
  • place and date of the birth
    • ", + "
  • name, surname and sex of the baby
    • ", + "
  • parents\u2019 names, surnames and address
    • ", + "
  • places and dates of parents\u2019 birth
    • ", + "
  • date of parents\u2019 marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • parents\u2019 jobs
    • ", + "
  • mother\u2019s maiden surname
    • ", + "

    What you should take

    ", + "

    If you can register the birth, you should take at least one form of identification when you go to the register office. You can use:

    ", + "
  • passport
    • ", + "
  • birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • deed poll
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • proof of address (for example, a utility bill)
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax bill
    • ", + "
  • marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "

    You should also take your child\u2019s personal child health record or \u2018red book\u2019 as some registrars may ask to see it.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re going to the register office on your own, you may need proof of paternity from the other parent before you give their details.

    ", + "

    Organisations you need to contact

    ", + "

    Having a child might affect your tax, your benefits and services from your local council.

    ", + "

    The Tell Us Once service can report a birth to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) and your local council in one go. The registrar will let you know if this service is available in your area.

    ", + "

    When you go to a Tell Us Once appointment, you\u2019ll be asked about:

    ", + "
  • the people who\u2019ll be named on the birth register
    • ", + "
  • any partners that live with them
    • ", + "

    For each person, you\u2019ll need to know:

    ", + "
  • their address and phone number
    • ", + "
  • their date of birth
    • ", + "
  • their National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • details of any benefits they get or have applied for
    • ", + "

    If the Tell Us Once service is not available in your area, you\u2019ll need to contact Jobcentre Plus and your local council about your benefits and services.

    ", + "

    After the birth is registered

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve registered the birth, you may be able to claim:

    ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "

    Who can register a birth

    ", + "

    Opposite-sex couples

    ", + "

    Married or civil-partner parents

    ", + "

    Either parent can register the birth on their own. They can include both parents\u2019 details if they were married or in a civil partnership when the baby was born or conceived.

    ", + "

    Unmarried parents

    ", + "

    The details of both parents can be included on the birth certificate if one of the following happens:

    ", + "
  • they sign the birth register together
    • ", + "
  • one parent completes a statutory declaration of parentage form and the other takes the signed form to register the birth
    • ", + "
  • one parent goes to register the birth with a document from the court (for example, a court order) giving the father parental responsibility
    • ", + "

    The mother can choose to register the birth without the child\u2019s father if they\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership. The father\u2019s details will not be included on the birth certificate.

    ", + "

    It might be possible to add the father\u2019s details at a later date by completing an application for the re-registration of a child\u2019s birth.

    ", + "

    Same-sex female couples

    ", + "

    Female couples can include both their names on their child\u2019s birth certificate when registering the birth.

    ", + "

    Married or civil-partner parents

    ", + "

    Either parent can register the birth on their own if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • the mother has a child by donor insemination or fertility treatment
    • ", + "
  • she was married or in a civil partnership at the time of the treatment
    • ", + "

    Unmarried, non-civil-partner parents

    ", + "

    When a mother is not married or in a civil partnership, her partner can be seen as the child\u2019s second parent if both women:

    ", + "
  • are treated together in the UK by a licensed clinic
    • ", + "
  • have made a \u2018parenthood agreement\u2019
    • ", + "

    However, for both parents\u2019 details to be recorded on the birth certificate, they must do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • register the birth jointly
    • ", + "
  • complete a \u2018Statutory declaration of acknowledgement of parentage\u2019 form and one parent takes the signed form when she registers the birth
    • ", + "
  • get a document from the court (for example, a court order) giving the second female parent parental responsibility and one parent shows the document when she registers the birth
    • ", + "

    Same-sex male couples

    ", + "

    Male couples must get a parental order from the court before they can be registered as parents.

    ", + "

    Other people who can register a birth

    ", + "

    If the parents cannot register the birth (for example, for medical reasons), certain other people can do it:

    ", + "
  • someone who was present at the birth
    • ", + "
  • someone who is responsible for the child
    • ", + "
  • a member of the administrative staff at the hospital where the child was born
    • ", + "

    Birth certificates

    ", + "

    You may not get a certificate straight away because of coronavirus (COVID-19). The register office will tell you when you can get a certificate.

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of birth certificate:

    ", + "
  • the short version, which contains only the baby\u2019s details
    • ", + "
  • the full version, which also contains the parents\u2019 details
    • ", + "

    Once you have registered the birth, you\u2019ll be able to buy a short or full certificate for your baby. Both kinds cost \u00a311.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/claim-child-benefit-behalf-someone-else": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-child-benefit-behalf-someone-else", + "title": "Claim and deal with Child Benefit for someone else", + "content": "## If your child has a baby\n\nYou can claim Child Benefit for a child you\u2019re responsible for and their baby.\n\nIf your child is claiming the Child Benefit, you can collect the payment on their behalf by talking to their bank.\n\nThe Child Benefit Office can only pay Child Benefit into one account. This can be a joint account you share with your child, but their name must be on the account too.\n\n## Appointees\n\nYou can apply for the right to deal with the Child Benefit of someone who can\u2019t manage their own affairs, for example because they\u2019re mentally incapable or severely disabled.\n\nThis is called becoming an \u2018appointee\u2019.\n\nYou can apply as an individual or as a voluntary organisation.\n\nIf you\u2019re paid to deal with someone else\u2019s Child Benefit, you\u2019re known as a \u2018paid agent\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019re not an appointee if you just help someone complete their claim form.\n\n## How to become an appointee\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office to apply. They\u2019ll discuss if becoming an appointee is the best option and tell you what you need to do.\n\nYou can arrange with someone\u2019s bank or the Post Office to collect their payments without becoming an appointee.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nAs an appointee, you must do things like:\n\n- complete the claim form\n\n- deal with any letters from the Child Benefit Office\n\n- report any changes that affect Child Benefit\n\n- stop or restart payments where the person or their partner is affected by the High Income Child Benefit Charge\n\nThe Child Benefit will be paid into your bank account.\n\n## How to become a paid agent\n\nYour client must send a letter to the Child Benefit Office, saying you can deal with Child Benefit on their behalf.\n\n## Stop or change an appointee or paid agent\n\nWrite to the Child Benefit Office within one month of when you want to stop or change the appointee.\n\n## Authorisation\n\nThe Child Benefit Helpline can only discuss a claim with the person named on the claim form (or their appointee). A partner or someone else can get general advice but they must be \u2018authorised\u2019 to discuss a claim with the helpline.\n\nThe process is different if you act for a lot of clients or you\u2019re a paid agent.\n\n## Get authorised\n\nThe claimant must fill in form TC689, or write a letter with the same information, and send it to the Tax Credit Office - the address is on the form.\n\nThe authorisation lasts 12 months unless a different end date is put on the form. It usually takes 2 days to get authorised from when your form is received. Usually, you won\u2019t get a letter confirming the authorisation.\n\nThe Child Benefit Office will also need to have received the claimant\u2019s Child Benefit claim form.\n\nMore than one person can be authorised but they each must send a TC689 form.\n\n## If you act for a lot of clients\n\nWrite to the Tax Credit Office to register as an \u2018intermediary organisation\u2019 if you work in the voluntary sector and act for many people.\n\nYou can get urgent authorisation online if you\u2019re an intermediary organisation and you have a completed TC689. You must keep your client\u2019s completed TC689 for 7 years from the date it was signed.\n\n## If you\u2019re a paid agent\n\nYour client must send a letter to the Child Benefit Office, saying you can deal with Child Benefit on their behalf.\n\nTo authorise you to deal with High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge matters they also need to fill in form CH995.\n\n## Cancel an authorisation\n\nAn authorisation can be cancelled by writing to the Child Benefit Office.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    If your child has a baby

    ", + "

    You can claim Child Benefit for a child you\u2019re responsible for and their baby.

    ", + "

    If your child is claiming the Child Benefit, you can collect the payment on their behalf by talking to their bank.

    ", + "

    The Child Benefit Office can only pay Child Benefit into one account. This can be a joint account you share with your child, but their name must be on the account too.

    ", + "

    Appointees

    ", + "

    You can apply for the right to deal with the Child Benefit of someone who can\u2019t manage their own affairs, for example because they\u2019re mentally incapable or severely disabled.

    ", + "

    This is called becoming an \u2018appointee\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can apply as an individual or as a voluntary organisation.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paid to deal with someone else\u2019s Child Benefit, you\u2019re known as a \u2018paid agent\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not an appointee if you just help someone complete their claim form.

    ", + "

    How to become an appointee

    ", + "

    Contact the Child Benefit Office to apply. They\u2019ll discuss if becoming an appointee is the best option and tell you what you need to do.

    ", + "

    You can arrange with someone\u2019s bank or the Post Office to collect their payments without becoming an appointee.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    As an appointee, you must do things like:

    ", + "
  • complete the claim form
    • ", + "
  • deal with any letters from the Child Benefit Office
    • ", + "
  • report any changes that affect Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • stop or restart payments where the person or their partner is affected by the High Income Child Benefit Charge
    • ", + "

    The Child Benefit will be paid into your bank account.

    ", + "

    How to become a paid agent

    ", + "

    Your client must send a letter to the Child Benefit Office, saying you can deal with Child Benefit on their behalf.

    ", + "

    Stop or change an appointee or paid agent

    ", + "

    Write to the Child Benefit Office within one month of when you want to stop or change the appointee.

    ", + "

    Authorisation

    ", + "

    The Child Benefit Helpline can only discuss a claim with the person named on the claim form (or their appointee). A partner or someone else can get general advice but they must be \u2018authorised\u2019 to discuss a claim with the helpline.

    ", + "

    The process is different if you act for a lot of clients or you\u2019re a paid agent.

    ", + "

    Get authorised

    ", + "

    The claimant must fill in form TC689, or write a letter with the same information, and send it to the Tax Credit Office - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    The authorisation lasts 12 months unless a different end date is put on the form. It usually takes 2 days to get authorised from when your form is received. Usually, you won\u2019t get a letter confirming the authorisation.

    ", + "

    The Child Benefit Office will also need to have received the claimant\u2019s Child Benefit claim form.

    ", + "

    More than one person can be authorised but they each must send a TC689 form.

    ", + "

    If you act for a lot of clients

    ", + "

    Write to the Tax Credit Office to register as an \u2018intermediary organisation\u2019 if you work in the voluntary sector and act for many people.

    ", + "

    You can get urgent authorisation online if you\u2019re an intermediary organisation and you have a completed TC689. You must keep your client\u2019s completed TC689 for 7 years from the date it was signed.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a paid agent

    ", + "

    Your client must send a letter to the Child Benefit Office, saying you can deal with Child Benefit on their behalf.

    ", + "

    To authorise you to deal with High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge matters they also need to fill in form CH995.

    ", + "

    Cancel an authorisation

    ", + "

    An authorisation can be cancelled by writing to the Child Benefit Office.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/applying-for-probate": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/applying-for-probate", + "title": "Applying for probate", + "content": "## Overview\n\nApplying for the legal right to deal with someone\u2019s property, money and possessions (their \u2018estate\u2019) when they die is called \u2018applying for probate\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a document that allows you to start dealing with the estate. If the person left a will you\u2019ll get either:\n\n- a \u2018grant of probate\u2019\n\n- \u2018letters of administration with will annexed\u2019 (if the will does not name an executor or the named executor is unable to apply)\n\nIf the person did not leave a will, you\u2019ll get \u2018letters of administration\u2019.\n\nThis guide and the service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThe process is different in Scotland and different in Northern Ireland.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process.\n\n## When probate is not needed\n\nYou may not need probate if the person who died:\n\n- had jointly owned land, property, shares or money - these will automatically pass to the surviving owners\n\n- only had savings or premium bonds\n\nContact each asset holder (for example a bank or mortgage company) to find out if you\u2019ll need probate to get access to their assets. Every organisation has its own rules.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nOnly certain people can apply for probate to deal with the estate of someone who died. It depends on whether the person who died left a will.\n\nA will states what should happen to a person\u2019s property and belongings (\u2018estate\u2019) after they die. It\u2019s usually valid if it\u2019s been signed by the person who made it and 2 witnesses.\n\n## If there\u2019s a will\n\nYou can apply for probate if you\u2019re named in the will, or in an update to the will (a \u2018codicil\u2019), as an \u2018executor\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll need the original will and any updates to apply for probate. These must be original documents, not photocopies.\n\nIf you do not want to apply for probate, fill in a form to give up executor rights.\n\nFind out what to do if you\u2019re an executor.\n\n## If the person did not leave a will\n\nThe \u2018administrator\u2019 deals with the estate.\n\nYou can apply to become the estate\u2019s administrator if you are 18 or over and you are the most \u2018entitled\u2019 inheritor of the deceased\u2019s estate. This is usually the deceased\u2019s closest living relative.\n\nRelatives are the most entitled inheritors in the following order:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner (including if they were separated)\n\n- children (including legally adopted children but not step-children)\n\n- grandchildren\n\n- great-grandchildren\n\n- parents\n\n- brothers and sisters\n\n- nieces and nephews\n\n- half-brothers and half-sisters\n\n- half-nieces and half-nephews (the children of the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased)\n\n- grandparents\n\n- aunts and uncles\n\n- cousins\n\n- half-aunts and half-uncles (the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased\u2019s parent)\n\n- half-cousins (the children of the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased\u2019s parent)\n\nTo apply, follow the same steps as applying for probate.\n\nYou\u2019ll receive \u2018letters of administration\u2019 to prove you have the legal right to deal with the estate.\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019re the partner of the person but were not their spouse or civil partner when they died. You\u2019re not automatically entitled to any of their estate, unless you\u2019re able to make changes to the inheritance.\n\n## If you do not want to apply\n\nIf you\u2019re the most entitled inheritor and you do not want to apply to be the administrator, you can either:\n\n- appoint an attorney to act on your behalf - fill in an attorney form or set up a signed enduring power of attorney (EPA) or registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) and get the attorney to send this in with the probate application\n\n- nominate up to 2 people to be the next most entitled inheritor - fill in an \u2018intestate\u2019 form and send it to HMCTS Probate\n\n## Work out who inherits\n\nThe law decides who inherits the estate if there\u2019s no will. Work out who will inherit.\n\nYou\u2019ll need this information to report the estate\u2019s value and find out if there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay.\n\nInheritance laws may be different if you live in an EU country.\n\n## Stopping a probate application\n\nIf there\u2019s a dispute, you can challenge an application for probate (\u2018enter a caveat\u2019), before it\u2019s granted.\n\nFind out how to stop a probate application.\n\n## If you\u2019re an executor\n\nAn executor is someone named in a will as responsible for sorting out the estate of the person who\u2019s died.\n\nThe person who died will normally have told you if you\u2019re an executor. You\u2019ll need the original will to apply for probate.\n\n## Find the original will\n\nThe person who died should have told all the executors where to find the original will and any updates, for example:\n\n- at their house\n\n- with a probate practitioner, such as a solicitor\n\n- at the Newcastle District Probate Registry - you\u2019ll need the death certificate and evidence you\u2019re the executor\n\nGet help from a probate practitioner or Citizens Advice if you cannot understand a will or codicil.\n\nIf you cannot find the original will, you\u2019ll need to fill in a lost will form.\n\nIf there\u2019s more than one will, only the most recent will is valid. Do not destroy any copies of earlier wills until you\u2019ve received probate.\n\nAn executor only receives assets if they\u2019re also named as a beneficiary.\n\n## If there\u2019s more than one executor\n\nIf more than one person is named as an executor, you must all agree who makes the application for probate.\n\nUp to 4 executors can be named on the application.\n\nIf only one executor is named on the application they\u2019ll need to prove that they tried to contact all executors named in the will before they applied.\n\nIf you\u2019re having problems finding the other executors, you can contact the Probate Call Centre.\n\nThe Probate Call Centre cannot help with disagreements between executors. You\u2019ll need to find another way to reach an agreement - this could mean getting legal advice.\n\n## If you do not want to or cannot be an executor\n\nThe will may name a replacement executor for someone who becomes \u2018unwilling or unable\u2019 to deal with the estate.\n\nIf no executors are willing or able to apply for probate, fill in a form to give up executor rights and send it to HMCTS Probate.\n\n## You do not want to be an executor\n\nYou can do one of the following:\n\n- completely give up your right to apply for probate (\u2018renunciation\u2019) - fill in a form to give up executor rights and send it with the probate application form\n\n- reserve your right to apply for probate later if another executor cannot deal with the estate (holding \u2018power reserved\u2019)\n\n- appoint an attorney to act on your behalf - fill in an attorney form or set up a signed enduring power of attorney (EPA) or registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) and send it with the probate application\n\n## When an executor is unable to apply for probate\n\nA replacement executor should apply for probate if the executor is unable to, for example because:\n\n- they\u2019ve died\n\n- they do not have \u2018mental capacity\u2019 - get a doctor to fill in a mental capacity form and send it with the probate application\n\n## Apply for probate\n\nYou can apply for probate yourself online or by post, or pay a probate practitioner (such as a solicitor) to do it for you.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process. It\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.\n\nThis guide and the service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Before you apply\n\n- Check if you need probate.\n\n- Check if you can apply for probate.\n\n- You must estimate and report the estate\u2019s value before you apply for probate.\n\n- You must find out whether you need to pay Inheritance Tax. If you do have to pay it, send the appropriate forms to HMRC and wait 20 working days before applying for probate.\n\n- You must have the original will if you\u2019re the executor (you do not need it if you\u2019re an administrator). You must also have the original death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner.\n\n## If you need to pay Inheritance Tax\n\nYou normally have to pay at least some of the tax before you\u2019ll get probate. You can claim the tax back from the estate, if you pay it out of your own bank account.\n\n## Probate application fees\n\nYou may have to pay a fee to apply for probate. Whether you need to pay depends on the value of the estate.\n\nIf the value of the estate is over \u00a35,000, the application fee is \u00a3215. You may be able to get help to pay the probate fee and other court fees if you have a low income or are on certain benefits.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if the estate is \u00a35,000 or less.\n\nExtra copies of the probate cost \u00a31.50 each. This means you can send them to different organisations at the same time.\n\n## If the will has been changed or damaged\n\nYou must include a cover letter if the will or any additions have changed in any way since you\u2019ve had them. This includes them being damaged or separated for photocopying.\n\nThe letter should explain what\u2019s been changed and why.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nIf you\u2019ve not yet applied and have a question about applying for probate, contact the Courts and Tribunals Service Centre:\n\n## If you\u2019re a probate practitioner\n\nYou should apply for probate for your client using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\n## Apply for probate online\n\nYou can use this service if you\u2019re the executor or administrator and you:\n\n- have the original will and any additions to it (\u2018codicils\u2019) if you\u2019re the executor (you do not need these if you\u2019re an administrator)\n\n- have the original death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner\n\n- have already reported the estate\u2019s value\n\n- have submitted tax forms to HMRC and waited 20 working days, if you need to pay Inheritance Tax\n\nThe person who died must have lived in England or Wales most of the time.\n\nThe probate registry will keep the original will and any additions to it. If you make a copy of these for your records, do not remove any staples or bindings from them.\n\nApply for probate\n\nReturn to an existing probate application.\n\n## Apply for probate by post\n\nThe form you need to fill in depends on whether the person left a will or not.\n\nFill in application form PA1P if there is a will.\n\nFill in application form PA1A if there is not a will.\n\nBecause of COVID-19, it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to apply for probate if you can.\n\nYou need to pay before you send the form.\n\nYou can pay by either:\n\n- calling the Courts and Tribunals Service Centre to pay by credit or debit card - you\u2019ll be given a reference number to send with your documents\n\n- sending a cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your documents\n\nSend your completed form to HMCTS Probate with the following documents:\n\n- the original will and any additions to it (\u2018codicils\u2019)\n\n- the death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner\n\nUse a signed-for or tracked postal service that will deliver to PO boxes to send your documents.\n\nThe death certificate will be returned to you but the will and any additions to it will not be. If you make a copy of the will and any of its additions for your own records, do not remove any staples or bindings from them.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get the grant of probate or letters of administration within 8 weeks of sending in your original documents. If you ordered copies of these documents for use outside the UK, these will take longer to arrive.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.\n\nYou should not make any financial plans or put property on the market until you have received the grant of probate or letters of administration.\n\nIf there\u2019s anything wrong with the grant of probate (or letters of administration), return it to the district probate registry listed on the grant or letters.\n\nSend a copy to organisations that hold the assets of the person who died, for example their bank.\n\nOnce you have probate you can start dealing with the estate.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Applying for the legal right to deal with someone\u2019s property, money and possessions (their \u2018estate\u2019) when they die is called \u2018applying for probate\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a document that allows you to start dealing with the estate. If the person left a will you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018grant of probate\u2019
    • ", + "
  • \u2018letters of administration with will annexed\u2019 (if the will does not name an executor or the named executor is unable to apply)
    • ", + "

    If the person did not leave a will, you\u2019ll get \u2018letters of administration\u2019.

    ", + "

    This guide and the service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    The process is different in Scotland and different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process.

    ", + "

    When probate is not needed

    ", + "

    You may not need probate if the person who died:

    ", + "
  • had jointly owned land, property, shares or money - these will automatically pass to the surviving owners
    • ", + "
  • only had savings or premium bonds
    • ", + "

    Contact each asset holder (for example a bank or mortgage company) to find out if you\u2019ll need probate to get access to their assets. Every organisation has its own rules.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    Only certain people can apply for probate to deal with the estate of someone who died. It depends on whether the person who died left a will.

    ", + "

    A will states what should happen to a person\u2019s property and belongings (\u2018estate\u2019) after they die. It\u2019s usually valid if it\u2019s been signed by the person who made it and 2 witnesses.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a will

    ", + "

    You can apply for probate if you\u2019re named in the will, or in an update to the will (a \u2018codicil\u2019), as an \u2018executor\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the original will and any updates to apply for probate. These must be original documents, not photocopies.

    ", + "

    If you do not want to apply for probate, fill in a form to give up executor rights.

    ", + "

    Find out what to do if you\u2019re an executor.

    ", + "

    If the person did not leave a will

    ", + "

    The \u2018administrator\u2019 deals with the estate.

    ", + "

    You can apply to become the estate\u2019s administrator if you are 18 or over and you are the most \u2018entitled\u2019 inheritor of the deceased\u2019s estate. This is usually the deceased\u2019s closest living relative.

    ", + "

    Relatives are the most entitled inheritors in the following order:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife or civil partner (including if they were separated)
    • ", + "
  • children (including legally adopted children but not step-children)
    • ", + "
  • grandchildren
    • ", + "
  • great-grandchildren
    • ", + "
  • parents
    • ", + "
  • brothers and sisters
    • ", + "
  • nieces and nephews
    • ", + "
  • half-brothers and half-sisters
    • ", + "
  • half-nieces and half-nephews (the children of the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased)
    • ", + "
  • grandparents
    • ", + "
  • aunts and uncles
    • ", + "
  • cousins
    • ", + "
  • half-aunts and half-uncles (the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased\u2019s parent)
    • ", + "
  • half-cousins (the children of the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased\u2019s parent)
    • ", + "

    To apply, follow the same steps as applying for probate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive \u2018letters of administration\u2019 to prove you have the legal right to deal with the estate.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply if you\u2019re the partner of the person but were not their spouse or civil partner when they died. You\u2019re not automatically entitled to any of their estate, unless you\u2019re able to make changes to the inheritance.

    ", + "

    If you do not want to apply

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the most entitled inheritor and you do not want to apply to be the administrator, you can either:

    ", + "
  • appoint an attorney to act on your behalf - fill in an attorney form or set up a signed enduring power of attorney (EPA) or registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) and get the attorney to send this in with the probate application
    • ", + "
  • nominate up to 2 people to be the next most entitled inheritor - fill in an \u2018intestate\u2019 form and send it to HMCTS Probate
    • ", + "

    Work out who inherits

    ", + "

    The law decides who inherits the estate if there\u2019s no will. Work out who will inherit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need this information to report the estate\u2019s value and find out if there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay.

    ", + "

    Inheritance laws may be different if you live in an EU country.

    ", + "

    Stopping a probate application

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a dispute, you can challenge an application for probate (\u2018enter a caveat\u2019), before it\u2019s granted.

    ", + "

    Find out how to stop a probate application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an executor

    ", + "

    An executor is someone named in a will as responsible for sorting out the estate of the person who\u2019s died.

    ", + "

    The person who died will normally have told you if you\u2019re an executor. You\u2019ll need the original will to apply for probate.

    ", + "

    Find the original will

    ", + "

    The person who died should have told all the executors where to find the original will and any updates, for example:

    ", + "
  • at their house
    • ", + "
  • with a probate practitioner, such as a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • at the Newcastle District Probate Registry - you\u2019ll need the death certificate and evidence you\u2019re the executor
    • ", + "

    Get help from a probate practitioner or Citizens Advice if you cannot understand a will or codicil.

    ", + "

    If you cannot find the original will, you\u2019ll need to fill in a lost will form.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one will, only the most recent will is valid. Do not destroy any copies of earlier wills until you\u2019ve received probate.

    ", + "

    An executor only receives assets if they\u2019re also named as a beneficiary.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one executor

    ", + "

    If more than one person is named as an executor, you must all agree who makes the application for probate.

    ", + "

    Up to 4 executors can be named on the application.

    ", + "

    If only one executor is named on the application they\u2019ll need to prove that they tried to contact all executors named in the will before they applied.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re having problems finding the other executors, you can contact the Probate Call Centre.

    ", + "

    The Probate Call Centre cannot help with disagreements between executors. You\u2019ll need to find another way to reach an agreement - this could mean getting legal advice.

    ", + "

    If you do not want to or cannot be an executor

    ", + "

    The will may name a replacement executor for someone who becomes \u2018unwilling or unable\u2019 to deal with the estate.

    ", + "

    If no executors are willing or able to apply for probate, fill in a form to give up executor rights and send it to HMCTS Probate.

    ", + "

    You do not want to be an executor

    ", + "

    You can do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • completely give up your right to apply for probate (\u2018renunciation\u2019) - fill in a form to give up executor rights and send it with the probate application form
    • ", + "
  • reserve your right to apply for probate later if another executor cannot deal with the estate (holding \u2018power reserved\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • appoint an attorney to act on your behalf - fill in an attorney form or set up a signed enduring power of attorney (EPA) or registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) and send it with the probate application
    • ", + "

    When an executor is unable to apply for probate

    ", + "

    A replacement executor should apply for probate if the executor is unable to, for example because:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve died
    • ", + "
  • they do not have \u2018mental capacity\u2019 - get a doctor to fill in a mental capacity form and send it with the probate application
    • ", + "

    Apply for probate

    ", + "

    You can apply for probate yourself online or by post, or pay a probate practitioner (such as a solicitor) to do it for you.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process. It\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.

    ", + "

    This guide and the service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "
  • Check if you need probate.
    • ", + "
  • Check if you can apply for probate.
    • ", + "
  • You must estimate and report the estate\u2019s value before you apply for probate.
    • ", + "
  • You must find out whether you need to pay Inheritance Tax. If you do have to pay it, send the appropriate forms to HMRC and wait 20 working days before applying for probate.
    • ", + "
  • You must have the original will if you\u2019re the executor (you do not need it if you\u2019re an administrator). You must also have the original death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner.
    • ", + "

    If you need to pay Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    You normally have to pay at least some of the tax before you\u2019ll get probate. You can claim the tax back from the estate, if you pay it out of your own bank account.

    ", + "

    Probate application fees

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a fee to apply for probate. Whether you need to pay depends on the value of the estate.

    ", + "

    If the value of the estate is over \u00a35,000, the application fee is \u00a3215. You may be able to get help to pay the probate fee and other court fees if you have a low income or are on certain benefits.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if the estate is \u00a35,000 or less.

    ", + "

    Extra copies of the probate cost \u00a31.50 each. This means you can send them to different organisations at the same time.

    ", + "

    If the will has been changed or damaged

    ", + "

    You must include a cover letter if the will or any additions have changed in any way since you\u2019ve had them. This includes them being damaged or separated for photocopying.

    ", + "

    The letter should explain what\u2019s been changed and why.

    ", + "

    Get help and advice

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not yet applied and have a question about applying for probate, contact the Courts and Tribunals Service Centre:

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a probate practitioner

    ", + "

    You should apply for probate for your client using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.

    ", + "

    Apply for probate online

    ", + "

    You can use this service if you\u2019re the executor or administrator and you:

    ", + "
  • have the original will and any additions to it (\u2018codicils\u2019) if you\u2019re the executor (you do not need these if you\u2019re an administrator)
    • ", + "
  • have the original death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner
    • ", + "
  • have already reported the estate\u2019s value
    • ", + "
  • have submitted tax forms to HMRC and waited 20 working days, if you need to pay Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "

    The person who died must have lived in England or Wales most of the time.

    ", + "

    The probate registry will keep the original will and any additions to it. If you make a copy of these for your records, do not remove any staples or bindings from them.

    ", + "

    Apply for probate

    ", + "

    Return to an existing probate application.

    ", + "

    Apply for probate by post

    ", + "

    The form you need to fill in depends on whether the person left a will or not.

    ", + "

    Fill in application form PA1P if there is a will.

    ", + "

    Fill in application form PA1A if there is not a will.

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to apply for probate if you can.

    ", + "

    You need to pay before you send the form.

    ", + "

    You can pay by either:

    ", + "
  • calling the Courts and Tribunals Service Centre to pay by credit or debit card - you\u2019ll be given a reference number to send with your documents
    • ", + "
  • sending a cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your documents
    • ", + "

    Send your completed form to HMCTS Probate with the following documents:

    ", + "
  • the original will and any additions to it (\u2018codicils\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • the death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner
    • ", + "

    Use a signed-for or tracked postal service that will deliver to PO boxes to send your documents.

    ", + "

    The death certificate will be returned to you but the will and any additions to it will not be. If you make a copy of the will and any of its additions for your own records, do not remove any staples or bindings from them.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the grant of probate or letters of administration within 8 weeks of sending in your original documents. If you ordered copies of these documents for use outside the UK, these will take longer to arrive.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.

    ", + "

    You should not make any financial plans or put property on the market until you have received the grant of probate or letters of administration.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s anything wrong with the grant of probate (or letters of administration), return it to the district probate registry listed on the grant or letters.

    ", + "

    Send a copy to organisations that hold the assets of the person who died, for example their bank.

    ", + "

    Once you have probate you can start dealing with the estate.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/get-declaration-presumed-death": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-declaration-presumed-death", + "title": "Get a declaration of presumed death", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can make a claim for a \u2018declaration of presumed death\u2019 from the High Court if someone you know in England and Wales has been missing for:\n\n- 7 years or more\n\n- less than 7 years and you think they\u2019ve died, for example they went missing during a natural disaster\n\nA missing person is not automatically presumed dead.\n\nYou must make a claim for a declaration of presumed death if you want to do certain things, for example deal with their estate.\n\n## Who can make a claim\n\nYou can make a claim if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:\n\n- spouse or civil partner\n\n- parent\n\n- child\n\n- sibling\n\nIf none of these apply, you\u2019ll need to prove to the court that you have enough of a connection to the missing person (\u2018sufficient interest\u2019), for example you\u2019re a distant relative and you have a birth certificate to prove it.\n\n## What else must be true to make a claim\n\nTo make a claim one or more of the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you treat England or Wales as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date you make the claim\n\n- you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you\u2019ve been living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date you make the claim\n\n- the missing person treated England or Wales as their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date they were last known to be alive\n\n- the missing person was living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date they were last known to be alive\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3528 to get a declaration of presumed death. You may be able to get help paying court fees.\n\n## Make a claim for a declaration of presumed death\n\nYou can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.\n\n- Make your claim.\n\n- Advertise your claim in a newspaper.\n\n- Attend a hearing.\n\n## Make your claim\n\nDownload and fill in a claim form (N208) with details about:\n\n- yourself - known as the \u2018claimant\u2019\n\n- the missing person - known as the \u2018defendant\u2019\n\n- your claim\n\nInclude relevant information about your claim in the section \u2018details of your claim\u2019.\n\nSend the following to a court that can hear High Court cases.\n\n- form N208 - 1 copy for each person named in the form plus a copy for the court\n\n- any supporting evidence, for example statements from witnesses, police reports\n\n- the claim fee of \u00a3528 - make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nThe court will stamp your form with an issue date and keep one copy. You\u2019ll get the other copies back, along with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number.\n\n## Send copies of your claim to other people\n\nSend a copy of form N208 and an acknowledgement of service form within 7 days of the issue date on the form to:\n\n- the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, parents, children and siblings - if none of these are alive send it to the missing person\u2019s nearest relative\n\n- any other person or organisation who might have an interest, for example an insurance company\n\nYou must advertise your application in a newspaper within 7 days.\n\n## Advertise your claim in a newspaper\n\nYou must advertise your application in a newspaper local to the missing person\u2019s last known address.\n\nPlace the advert within 7 days of the issue date stamped on the claim form.\n\n## Use standard text for the advert\n\nUse the following text and make sure you:\n\n- put your case number after the words case number\n\n- replace or delete as appropriate the words in square brackets with the relevant details\n\n## Standard text\n\n\u201cIn the High Court of Justice [Chancery] [Family] Division\n\nCase number.\n\nIn the matter of an application for a declaration of the presumed death of [insert the missing person\u2019s name].\n\nA claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, for a declaration that [insert missing person\u2019s name] whose last known address was [insert missing person\u2019s address] is presumed to be dead. Any person having an interest may apply to the court to intervene in the matter.\n\nIf you wish to apply to the court, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and if possible within 21 days of the date of this notice. Delay may harm your prospects of being able to intervene.\n\n(If the claimant is legally represented) \n [Name of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n [Address of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n (If the claimant is not legally represented) \n [Claimant\u2019s address for service]\u201d\n\n## Send a copy to the court\n\nSend the court a copy of the newspaper page showing the advertisement so it arrives at least 5 days before your court hearing.\n\n## Attend a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll have to attend a hearing about your claim with a High Court judge - this should be within 2 months of making your claim.\n\nBring any relevant documents.\n\nYour claim may be challenged at the hearing if someone gets a copy of the claim form or sees the advert.\n\nAt the hearing you might be:\n\n- asked for more information - the court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need\n\n- told there has to be another hearing - there may be several hearings before a decision is made\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, you\u2019ll get a declaration of presumed death at the hearing or later by letter.\n\n## Get a certificate of presumed death\n\nApply to the General Register Office for a certificate of presumed death.\n\nYou can only do this after you have a declaration of presumed death that is not appealed and the time for appealing against the decision has passed.\n\nYou can usually apply for the certificate 21 days after you get the declaration, unless there\u2019s an appeal or an application for permission to appeal the decision.\n\nThe certificate can be used like a normal death certificate, for example to deal with a missing person\u2019s estate.\n\nIt costs \u00a311.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nContact the Civil Appeals Office to appeal against the High Court\u2019s decision.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nUse the complaints guidance if you\u2019re not happy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can make a claim for a \u2018declaration of presumed death\u2019 from the High Court if someone you know in England and Wales has been missing for:

    ", + "
  • 7 years or more
    • ", + "
  • less than 7 years and you think they\u2019ve died, for example they went missing during a natural disaster
    • ", + "

    A missing person is not automatically presumed dead.

    ", + "

    You must make a claim for a declaration of presumed death if you want to do certain things, for example deal with their estate.

    ", + "

    Who can make a claim

    ", + "

    You can make a claim if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • parent
    • ", + "
  • child
    • ", + "
  • sibling
    • ", + "

    If none of these apply, you\u2019ll need to prove to the court that you have enough of a connection to the missing person (\u2018sufficient interest\u2019), for example you\u2019re a distant relative and you have a birth certificate to prove it.

    ", + "

    What else must be true to make a claim

    ", + "

    To make a claim one or more of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you treat England or Wales as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date you make the claim
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you\u2019ve been living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date you make the claim
    • ", + "
  • the missing person treated England or Wales as their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date they were last known to be alive
    • ", + "
  • the missing person was living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date they were last known to be alive
    • ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3528 to get a declaration of presumed death. You may be able to get help paying court fees.

    ", + "

    Make a claim for a declaration of presumed death

    ", + "

    You can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.

    ", + "
  • Make your claim.
    • ", + "
  • Advertise your claim in a newspaper.
    • ", + "
  • Attend a hearing.
    • ", + "

    Make your claim

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a claim form (N208) with details about:

    ", + "
  • yourself - known as the \u2018claimant\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the missing person - known as the \u2018defendant\u2019
    • ", + "
  • your claim
    • ", + "

    Include relevant information about your claim in the section \u2018details of your claim\u2019.

    ", + "

    Send the following to a court that can hear High Court cases.

    ", + "
  • form N208 - 1 copy for each person named in the form plus a copy for the court
    • ", + "
  • any supporting evidence, for example statements from witnesses, police reports
    • ", + "
  • the claim fee of \u00a3528 - make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019
    • ", + "

    The court will stamp your form with an issue date and keep one copy. You\u2019ll get the other copies back, along with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number.

    ", + "

    Send copies of your claim to other people

    ", + "

    Send a copy of form N208 and an acknowledgement of service form within 7 days of the issue date on the form to:

    ", + "
  • the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, parents, children and siblings - if none of these are alive send it to the missing person\u2019s nearest relative
    • ", + "
  • any other person or organisation who might have an interest, for example an insurance company
    • ", + "

    You must advertise your application in a newspaper within 7 days.

    ", + "

    Advertise your claim in a newspaper

    ", + "

    You must advertise your application in a newspaper local to the missing person\u2019s last known address.

    ", + "

    Place the advert within 7 days of the issue date stamped on the claim form.

    ", + "

    Use standard text for the advert

    ", + "

    Use the following text and make sure you:

    ", + "
  • put your case number after the words case number
    • ", + "
  • replace or delete as appropriate the words in square brackets with the relevant details
    • ", + "

    Standard text

    ", + "

    \u201cIn the High Court of Justice [Chancery] [Family] Division

    ", + "

    Case number.

    ", + "

    In the matter of an application for a declaration of the presumed death of [insert the missing person\u2019s name].

    ", + "

    A claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, for a declaration that [insert missing person\u2019s name] whose last known address was [insert missing person\u2019s address] is presumed to be dead. Any person having an interest may apply to the court to intervene in the matter.

    ", + "

    If you wish to apply to the court, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and if possible within 21 days of the date of this notice. Delay may harm your prospects of being able to intervene.

    ", + "

    (If the claimant is legally represented) \n [Name of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n [Address of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n (If the claimant is not legally represented) \n [Claimant\u2019s address for service]\u201d

    ", + "

    Send a copy to the court

    ", + "

    Send the court a copy of the newspaper page showing the advertisement so it arrives at least 5 days before your court hearing.

    ", + "

    Attend a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to attend a hearing about your claim with a High Court judge - this should be within 2 months of making your claim.

    ", + "

    Bring any relevant documents.

    ", + "

    Your claim may be challenged at the hearing if someone gets a copy of the claim form or sees the advert.

    ", + "

    At the hearing you might be:

    ", + "
  • asked for more information - the court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need
    • ", + "
  • told there has to be another hearing - there may be several hearings before a decision is made
    • ", + "

    If the court agrees with your application, you\u2019ll get a declaration of presumed death at the hearing or later by letter.

    ", + "

    Get a certificate of presumed death

    ", + "

    Apply to the General Register Office for a certificate of presumed death.

    ", + "

    You can only do this after you have a declaration of presumed death that is not appealed and the time for appealing against the decision has passed.

    ", + "

    You can usually apply for the certificate 21 days after you get the declaration, unless there\u2019s an appeal or an application for permission to appeal the decision.

    ", + "

    The certificate can be used like a normal death certificate, for example to deal with a missing person\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a311.

    ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    Contact the Civil Appeals Office to appeal against the High Court\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    Use the complaints guidance if you\u2019re not happy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/change-cancel-presumption-death-certificate": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-cancel-presumption-death-certificate", + "title": "Change or cancel a presumption of death certificate", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can make a claim to cancel (\u2018revoke\u2019) or change (\u2018vary\u2019) the details of a declaration of presumed death from the High Court if you can prove the missing person:\n\n- is still alive\n\n- died at a time earlier or later than the time of death in the original declaration\n\nYou can also make a claim if you can prove there are other circumstances that mean the declaration of presumed death should be cancelled or changed.\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3480 to change or cancel a declaration of presumed death. Read the fees leaflet to find out when you might not have to pay.\n\n## Make a claim for a declaration of presumed death\n\nYou can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.\n\n- Make your claim.\n\n- Advertise your claim in a newspaper.\n\n- Attend a hearing.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nDownload and fill in claim form N208.\n\nYou\u2019re known as the \u2018claimant\u2019 if you\u2019re making the claim.\n\nRead the guidance on filling in form N208. Include all the information asked for in \u2018claim for variation order\u2019 in your application.\n\nSend the claim to a court that can hear High Court cases.\n\nYou should include:\n\n- N208 form - one copy for each person named in the form plus a copy for the court\n\n- the claim fee of \u00a3480 - make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nThe court will stamp your form with an issue date and keep one copy of your N208 form. You\u2019ll get the other copies back, along with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number.\n\n## Send copies of your claim to other people\n\nSend a copy of form N208 with an acknowledgment of service form within 7 days of the issue date the court has put on the form to:\n\n- the person who made the original claim\n\n- the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, parents, children and siblings - if none of these are alive, send it to the missing person\u2019s nearest relative\n\n- any other person or organisation who might have an interest, eg an insurance company\n\nYou must advertise your claim in a newspaper within 7 days.\n\n## Advertise your claim in a newspaper\n\nYou must advertise your claim in a newspaper local to the missing person\u2019s last known address.\n\nPlace the advert within 7 days of the issue date stamped on the claim form.\n\n## Use standard text for the advert\n\nUse the following text. You\u2019ll need to delete some words and replace others in the square brackets with the right details.\n\n## Standard text\n\n\u201cIn the High Court of Justice [Chancery] [Family] Division\n\nCase number [insert case number]\n\nIn the matter of an application for a declaration of the presumed death of [insert the missing person\u2019s name].\n\nA claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, for a variation of a declaration that [insert missing person\u2019s name] whose last known address was [insert missing person\u2019s address] is presumed to be dead. Any person having an interest may apply to the court to intervene in the matter.\n\nIf you wish to apply to the court, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and if possible within 21 days of the date of this notice. Delay may harm your prospects of being able to intervene.\n\n(If the claimant is legally represented) \n [Name of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n [Address of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n (If the claimant is not legally represented) \n [Claimant\u2019s address for service]\u201d\n\nYou\u2019re known as the \u2018claimant\u2019 if you\u2019re making the claim.\n\n## Send a copy to the court\n\nSend the court a copy of the newspaper page showing the advertisement. It must arrive at least 5 days before your court hearing.\n\n## Attend a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll have to attend a hearing about your claim with a High Court judge - this should be within 2 months of making your claim.\n\nBring any relevant documents.\n\nYour claim may be challenged by someone who\u2019s received a copy of the claim form or seen the advert.\n\nAt the hearing you might:\n\n- be asked for more information - the court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need\n\n- be told there has to be another hearing - there may be several hearings before a decision is made\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, you\u2019ll get the order changed or cancelled at the hearing or by letter later.\n\n## Get a certificate of presumed death\n\nApply to the General Register Office for a certificate of presumed death.\n\nYou can only do this after you have a declaration of presumed death that is not appealed and the time for appealing against the decision has passed.\n\nYou can usually apply for the certificate 21 days after you get the declaration, unless there\u2019s an appeal or an application for permission to appeal the decision.\n\nThe certificate can be used like a normal death certificate, eg to deal with a missing person\u2019s estate.\n\nIt costs \u00a39.25.\n\nThe certificate will state when the missing person is presumed to have died.\n\nCall the General Register Office to get a certificate.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nCall or write to the Civil Appeals Office to appeal against the High Court\u2019s decision.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nUse the complaints guidance if you\u2019re not happy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.\n\nYou cannot complain about the decision.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to cancel (\u2018revoke\u2019) or change (\u2018vary\u2019) the details of a declaration of presumed death from the High Court if you can prove the missing person:

    ", + "
  • is still alive
    • ", + "
  • died at a time earlier or later than the time of death in the original declaration
    • ", + "

    You can also make a claim if you can prove there are other circumstances that mean the declaration of presumed death should be cancelled or changed.

    ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3480 to change or cancel a declaration of presumed death. Read the fees leaflet to find out when you might not have to pay.

    ", + "

    Make a claim for a declaration of presumed death

    ", + "

    You can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.

    ", + "
  • Make your claim.
    • ", + "
  • Advertise your claim in a newspaper.
    • ", + "
  • Attend a hearing.
    • ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    Download and fill in claim form N208.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re known as the \u2018claimant\u2019 if you\u2019re making the claim.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on filling in form N208. Include all the information asked for in \u2018claim for variation order\u2019 in your application.

    ", + "

    Send the claim to a court that can hear High Court cases.

    ", + "

    You should include:

    ", + "
  • N208 form - one copy for each person named in the form plus a copy for the court
    • ", + "
  • the claim fee of \u00a3480 - make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019
    • ", + "

    The court will stamp your form with an issue date and keep one copy of your N208 form. You\u2019ll get the other copies back, along with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number.

    ", + "

    Send copies of your claim to other people

    ", + "

    Send a copy of form N208 with an acknowledgment of service form within 7 days of the issue date the court has put on the form to:

    ", + "
  • the person who made the original claim
    • ", + "
  • the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, parents, children and siblings - if none of these are alive, send it to the missing person\u2019s nearest relative
    • ", + "
  • any other person or organisation who might have an interest, eg an insurance company
    • ", + "

    You must advertise your claim in a newspaper within 7 days.

    ", + "

    Advertise your claim in a newspaper

    ", + "

    You must advertise your claim in a newspaper local to the missing person\u2019s last known address.

    ", + "

    Place the advert within 7 days of the issue date stamped on the claim form.

    ", + "

    Use standard text for the advert

    ", + "

    Use the following text. You\u2019ll need to delete some words and replace others in the square brackets with the right details.

    ", + "

    Standard text

    ", + "

    \u201cIn the High Court of Justice [Chancery] [Family] Division

    ", + "

    Case number [insert case number]

    ", + "

    In the matter of an application for a declaration of the presumed death of [insert the missing person\u2019s name].

    ", + "

    A claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, for a variation of a declaration that [insert missing person\u2019s name] whose last known address was [insert missing person\u2019s address] is presumed to be dead. Any person having an interest may apply to the court to intervene in the matter.

    ", + "

    If you wish to apply to the court, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and if possible within 21 days of the date of this notice. Delay may harm your prospects of being able to intervene.

    ", + "

    (If the claimant is legally represented) \n [Name of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n [Address of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n (If the claimant is not legally represented) \n [Claimant\u2019s address for service]\u201d

    ", + "

    You\u2019re known as the \u2018claimant\u2019 if you\u2019re making the claim.

    ", + "

    Send a copy to the court

    ", + "

    Send the court a copy of the newspaper page showing the advertisement. It must arrive at least 5 days before your court hearing.

    ", + "

    Attend a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to attend a hearing about your claim with a High Court judge - this should be within 2 months of making your claim.

    ", + "

    Bring any relevant documents.

    ", + "

    Your claim may be challenged by someone who\u2019s received a copy of the claim form or seen the advert.

    ", + "

    At the hearing you might:

    ", + "
  • be asked for more information - the court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need
    • ", + "
  • be told there has to be another hearing - there may be several hearings before a decision is made
    • ", + "

    If the court agrees with your application, you\u2019ll get the order changed or cancelled at the hearing or by letter later.

    ", + "

    Get a certificate of presumed death

    ", + "

    Apply to the General Register Office for a certificate of presumed death.

    ", + "

    You can only do this after you have a declaration of presumed death that is not appealed and the time for appealing against the decision has passed.

    ", + "

    You can usually apply for the certificate 21 days after you get the declaration, unless there\u2019s an appeal or an application for permission to appeal the decision.

    ", + "

    The certificate can be used like a normal death certificate, eg to deal with a missing person\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a39.25.

    ", + "

    The certificate will state when the missing person is presumed to have died.

    ", + "

    Call the General Register Office to get a certificate.

    ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    Call or write to the Civil Appeals Office to appeal against the High Court\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    Use the complaints guidance if you\u2019re not happy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.

    ", + "

    You cannot complain about the decision.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tell-dvla-about-bereavement": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-dvla-about-bereavement", + "title": "Telling DVLA after someone dies", + "content": "## What you need to do\n\nYou can use the Tell Us Once service to notify DVLA when someone dies if it\u2019s available in your area.\n\nYou still have to tell DVLA separately when you:\n\n- sell the vehicle\n\n- keep the vehicle (even if it\u2019s temporary and you\u2019re not using it)\n\n- keep a personalised registration number (you\u2019ll need to do this before you sell the vehicle)\n\n## If Tell Us Once is not available in your area\n\nWrite to DVLA to tell them a driver has died. Include the person\u2019s driving licence with your letter, if you have it.\n\nYour letter must include:\n\n- your relationship to the person who died\n\n- the date they died\n\n- their name, address and date of birth\n\nSend the letter to:\n\nYou do not need to send a death certificate.\n\n## If you need help\n\nContact DVLA if you need help.\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Keeping a vehicle\n\nTell DVLA that you\u2019re the new keeper of the vehicle and tax it in your own name straight away.\n\nYou cannot transfer vehicle tax from another person. You must tax the vehicle in your name even if you\u2019re taking over ownership as a family member or looking after it for a short time.\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you use the vehicle on a public road before taxing it in your own name and insuring it.\n\nWhat you do depends on whether you have the vehicle log book (V5C).\n\n## If you have the vehicle log book (V5C)\n\n- Fill in section 2 if you have a new style log book with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover. Fill in section 6 if you have the older style log book.\n\n- Tear off and keep the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip.\n\n- Write a letter explaining your relationship to the person who died, the date they died and who should be paid any vehicle tax refund.\n\n- Send the V5C with your letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team. Also include form V890 if you want to register the vehicle as off the road (SORN) instead of taxing it.\n\n- DVLA will immediately cancel any existing vehicle tax and direct debits, and send a cheque for any refund and a new V5C.\n\n- Use the new keeper slip to tax the vehicle in your name before you use it on a public road. Do not wait for the new V5C.\n\n## If you do not have the vehicle log book (V5C)\n\n- Fill in form V62 to apply for a V5C. There\u2019s a \u00a325 fee.\n\n- Write a letter explaining your relationship to the person who died, the date they died and who should be paid any vehicle tax refund.\n\n- Send the V62 and fee with your letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team. Also include form V890 if you want to register the vehicle as off the road (SORN) instead of taxing it.\n\n- DVLA will immediately cancel any existing vehicle tax and direct debits, and send you a new V5C.\n\n- Use your new V5C to tax the vehicle.\n\n## If you need help\n\nContact DVLA if you need help.\n\n## Selling a vehicle\n\nWhat you do depends on whether you have the vehicle log book (V5C).\n\n## If you have the vehicle log book (V5C)\n\nWrite a letter explaining:\n\n- your relationship to the person who died\n\n- the date the person died\n\n- who should be paid any vehicle tax refund (vehicle tax cannot be transferred to a new owner)\n\nSend the letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team with the right part of the V5C. The part you send depends on whether you\u2019re selling the vehicle to a private individual or a motor trader.\n\n## Selling to a private individual\n\n- Fill in section 2 if you have a new style log book with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover. Fill in section 6 if you have the older style log book.\n\n- Give the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip to the buyer.\n\n- Send the V5C with your letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team.\n\n## Selling to a motor trader\n\n- Get the motor trader to fill in the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section of the log book.\n\n- Send the perforated section with your letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team.\n\n- Give the motor trader the rest of the V5C.\n\n## If you do not have the vehicle log book (V5C)\n\nWhen you sell the car tell the buyer they\u2019ll need to fill in form V62 to apply for a V5C. There\u2019s a \u00a325 fee.\n\nYou need to write a letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team to tell them you\u2019ve sold the vehicle. Your letter needs to say:\n\n- the date you sold the vehicle\n\n- your relationship to the person who died\n\n- the date they died\n\n- who should be paid any vehicle tax refund\n\n- the buyer\u2019s name and address\n\n## If you need help\n\nContact DVLA if you need help.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You can use the Tell Us Once service to notify DVLA when someone dies if it\u2019s available in your area.

    ", + "

    You still have to tell DVLA separately when you:

    ", + "
  • sell the vehicle
    • ", + "
  • keep the vehicle (even if it\u2019s temporary and you\u2019re not using it)
    • ", + "
  • keep a personalised registration number (you\u2019ll need to do this before you sell the vehicle)
    • ", + "

    If Tell Us Once is not available in your area

    ", + "

    Write to DVLA to tell them a driver has died. Include the person\u2019s driving licence with your letter, if you have it.

    ", + "

    Your letter must include:

    ", + "
  • your relationship to the person who died
    • ", + "
  • the date they died
    • ", + "
  • their name, address and date of birth
    • ", + "

    Send the letter to:

    ", + "

    You do not need to send a death certificate.

    ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you need help.

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Keeping a vehicle

    ", + "

    Tell DVLA that you\u2019re the new keeper of the vehicle and tax it in your own name straight away.

    ", + "

    You cannot transfer vehicle tax from another person. You must tax the vehicle in your name even if you\u2019re taking over ownership as a family member or looking after it for a short time.

    ", + "

    You can be prosecuted if you use the vehicle on a public road before taxing it in your own name and insuring it.

    ", + "

    What you do depends on whether you have the vehicle log book (V5C).

    ", + "

    If you have the vehicle log book (V5C)

    ", + "
  • Fill in section 2 if you have a new style log book with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover. Fill in section 6 if you have the older style log book.
    • ", + "
  • Tear off and keep the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip.
    • ", + "
  • Write a letter explaining your relationship to the person who died, the date they died and who should be paid any vehicle tax refund.
    • ", + "
  • Send the V5C with your letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team. Also include form V890 if you want to register the vehicle as off the road (SORN) instead of taxing it.
    • ", + "
  • DVLA will immediately cancel any existing vehicle tax and direct debits, and send a cheque for any refund and a new V5C.
    • ", + "
  • Use the new keeper slip to tax the vehicle in your name before you use it on a public road. Do not wait for the new V5C.
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the vehicle log book (V5C)

    ", + "
  • Fill in form V62 to apply for a V5C. There\u2019s a \u00a325 fee.
    • ", + "
  • Write a letter explaining your relationship to the person who died, the date they died and who should be paid any vehicle tax refund.
    • ", + "
  • Send the V62 and fee with your letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team. Also include form V890 if you want to register the vehicle as off the road (SORN) instead of taxing it.
    • ", + "
  • DVLA will immediately cancel any existing vehicle tax and direct debits, and send you a new V5C.
    • ", + "
  • Use your new V5C to tax the vehicle.
    • ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you need help.

    ", + "

    Selling a vehicle

    ", + "

    What you do depends on whether you have the vehicle log book (V5C).

    ", + "

    If you have the vehicle log book (V5C)

    ", + "

    Write a letter explaining:

    ", + "
  • your relationship to the person who died
    • ", + "
  • the date the person died
    • ", + "
  • who should be paid any vehicle tax refund (vehicle tax cannot be transferred to a new owner)
    • ", + "

    Send the letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team with the right part of the V5C. The part you send depends on whether you\u2019re selling the vehicle to a private individual or a motor trader.

    ", + "

    Selling to a private individual

    ", + "
  • Fill in section 2 if you have a new style log book with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover. Fill in section 6 if you have the older style log book.
    • ", + "
  • Give the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip to the buyer.
    • ", + "
  • Send the V5C with your letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team.
    • ", + "

    Selling to a motor trader

    ", + "
  • Get the motor trader to fill in the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section of the log book.
    • ", + "
  • Send the perforated section with your letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team.
    • ", + "
  • Give the motor trader the rest of the V5C.
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the vehicle log book (V5C)

    ", + "

    When you sell the car tell the buyer they\u2019ll need to fill in form V62 to apply for a V5C. There\u2019s a \u00a325 fee.

    ", + "

    You need to write a letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team to tell them you\u2019ve sold the vehicle. Your letter needs to say:

    ", + "
  • the date you sold the vehicle
    • ", + "
  • your relationship to the person who died
    • ", + "
  • the date they died
    • ", + "
  • who should be paid any vehicle tax refund
    • ", + "
  • the buyer\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you need help.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/valuing-estate-of-someone-who-died": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/valuing-estate-of-someone-who-died", + "title": "Valuing the estate of someone who's died", + "content": "## What you need to do\n\nAs part of applying for probate, you need to value the money, property and possessions (\u2018estate\u2019) of the person who\u2019s died.\n\nYou don\u2019t need probate for all estates. Check if you need it.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou need to complete 3 main tasks when you value the estate.\n\n- Contact organisations such as banks or utility providers about the person\u2019s assets and debts.\n\n- Estimate the estate\u2019s value. This will affect how you report the value to HMRC, and the deadlines for reporting and paying any Inheritance Tax. Most estates aren\u2019t taxed.\n\n- Report the value to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n## How long it takes\n\nThe process of valuing the estate can take 6 to 9 months, or longer for big or complicated estates (for example if they involve trusts or there\u2019s tax to pay).\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou don\u2019t need to value the estate straight away after someone dies. There are only deadlines if the estate owes Inheritance Tax.\n\nIf it does, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- send Inheritance Tax forms within one year\n\n- start paying tax by the end of the sixth month after the person died - you can make a payment before you finish valuing the estate\n\n## Getting help\n\nYou can hire a professional (for example a solicitor) to help with some or all of the tasks involved with valuing an estate.\n\nMoney Advice Service has guidance on when and how to hire a professional. Law Donut has advice on keeping solicitors\u2019 fees down.\n\nContact HMRC to get help with:\n\n- probate\n\n- Inheritance Tax\n\n## Contact organisations about assets and debts\n\nTo help you value the estate of the person who died, write to organisations to find out about the person\u2019s:\n\n- assets, for example banks and pension providers\n\n- debts, such as utility companies, mortgage lenders and credit card companies\n\nIn your letter:\n\n- ask for the value of the asset or debt when the person died\n\n- include a copy of the death certificate\n\n## Which organisations to contact\n\nFind organisations to contact about the person\u2019s assets and debts by searching through their papers. You can also ask friends, family and any solicitor or accountant they had.\n\nOrganisations that hold a person\u2019s assets often include:\n\n- their bank\n\n- their pension provider - ask if you should include any private pension when you value the estate\n\n- their employer - the person may be owed wages\n\n- any companies they held shares in - include the number of shares, company details and the share certificate number (if you have it)\n\n- National Savings and Investments (NS&I) for Premium Bonds - use the free tracing service if you can\u2019t find certificates\n\n- other organisations that hold assets like ISAs, shares, investments or assets in a trust\n\n- their landlord, if they had one - the person may have paid rent in advance\n\nIn your letter to the bank, also ask for:\n\n- any standing orders and direct debits to be stopped (or transferred if they were in a joint name)\n\n- a list of any share certificates or deeds they were holding for the person who died\n\n## If the person had a mortgage\n\nAsk the mortgage lender if they require payments to continue while you\u2019re applying for probate. If they do, you need to either:\n\n- pay these bills yourself - and reclaim them from the estate once you\u2019ve got probate\n\n- check if the person had a life assurance or mortgage protection policy that covers these payments\n\n## Estimate the estate\u2019s value\n\nYou need an estimate of the estate\u2019s value to find out if there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay.\n\nThe estate won\u2019t have to pay tax as long as it either:\n\n- all passes to the dead person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, a charity or a community amateur sports club\n\n- has a value below the Inheritance Tax threshold of \u00a3325,000\n\nIf the person who died was widowed or is giving away their home to their children, the tax threshold can be higher.\n\nWhether there\u2019s tax to pay will affect how you report the estate\u2019s value, and the deadlines for reporting and paying any tax.\n\n## Working out your estimate\n\nYou need to estimate the \u2018gross\u2019 value of the estate. This is the value of the assets plus \u2018gifts\u2019.\n\nGifts are certain assets (for example cash) given away in the 7 years before the person died.\n\nAt this stage, your estimate only needs to be accurate enough for you to know if the estate owes tax.\n\n## Assets\n\nStart by listing the person\u2019s assets - the things the person owned with a value.\n\nThese may include:\n\n- assets held by organisations you\u2019ve written to - such as money in the person\u2019s bank account, pension or investments\n\n- possessions - for example their house, jewellery, furniture or car\n\n- payments when they died - for example life insurance or a lump sum \u2018death benefit\u2019 from a pension\n\nThen estimate the value of each on the date the person died. Use the asset\u2019s realistic selling price on the open market.\n\nInclude all assets in your estimate, including any left to the person\u2019s spouse, civil partner or a charity. You won\u2019t pay tax on these assets.\n\n## Valuing joint assets\n\nDivide the value of the asset by 2 if it was owned jointly with the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner.\n\nFor property or land shared with others, divide the value by the number of owners. You can then take 10% off the share of the person who died. In Scotland, take \u00a34,000 off the value of the whole asset before working out their share instead.\n\nIf the person jointly owned property as a tenant in common, work out the value based on the person\u2019s share.\n\nSome bank accounts are in joint names for convenience only, for example if an elderly person added their child to help them with the account. When valuing the account, use the amount the person actually owned, rather than dividing by the number of owners.\n\n## Gifts\n\nCheck bank statements or contact family members to find out about gifts of cash or other assets:\n\n- in the 7 years before the person died if they totalled \u00a33,000 or more per year - don\u2019t include exempt gifts, such as those for birthdays or weddings\n\n- at any time if they continued to benefit from a gift (for example they gave a house away but lived in it rent-free) or put a gift in a trust\n\nTo estimate the value of each gift, use either:\n\n- the approximate market value (realistic selling price) of the gift when it was made\n\n- the realistic selling price of the gift when the deceased stopped benefitting from it (if they benefitted from the gift after giving it away)\n\nIf the person gave away more than \u00a3325,000 before they died, the recipients may have to pay Inheritance Tax on their gifts.\n\n## Debts\n\nDon\u2019t include the estate\u2019s debts when you estimate the gross value - but you\u2019ll need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about them when you report the value of the estate.\n\nCheck for records of debts when the person died, for example:\n\n- their mortgage, loans, credit cards or overdrafts\n\n- \u2018liabilities\u2019 like household bills or bills for goods or services they\u2019d received but not yet paid for (like building work, decorators, accountants)\n\n## Get the gross value of the estate\n\nAdd the assets to any gifts to get the gross value. Ignore the debts at this stage.\n\nYou can now start telling HMRC about the value of the estate.\n\n## Report the estate\u2019s value to HMRC\n\nWhen you\u2019ve estimated the value of the estate you can:\n\n- start reporting the value in detail to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - you\u2019ll find out whether you can report everything online or if you\u2019ll need a paper form\n\n- find out if there\u2019s tax to pay and when to pay it\n\nReport the estate\u2019s value\n\nYou can also continue a report you\u2019ve already started.\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou need to:\n\n- have an estimate of the gross value of the estate\n\n- have told organisations that the person has died - you\u2019ll need this to give accurate valuations of the person\u2019s assets or debts\n\nAs part of telling HMRC about the estate, you work out its detailed \u2018net\u2019 value - this is assets plus gifts minus debts. You\u2019ll need to know the net value if you need to apply for probate.\n\n## Getting more accurate valuations\n\nWhen telling HMRC about Inheritance Tax, you\u2019ll usually need more accurate valuations of the estate. This includes using a professional valuer for things over \u00a31,500.\n\nYou can continue using estimates if one of the following applies:\n\n- the estate\u2019s gross value is less than \u00a3250,000\n\n- all the estate passes to the dead person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, a charity or organisations like museums or community amateur sports clubs\n\n## If you need help\n\nContact HMRC to get help with:\n\n- probate\n\n- Inheritance Tax\n\n## Records\n\nYou must keep certain records after you value an estate.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask to see your records up to 20 years after Inheritance Tax is paid.\n\nYou must keep copies of any:\n\n- will\n\n- copies of signed Inheritance Tax forms and supporting documents\n\n- records showing how you worked out the value of assets in the estate, for example an estate agent\u2019s valuation\n\n- documents showing any unused Inheritance Tax threshold that can be transferred to a surviving spouse or civil partner\n\n- final accounts\n\n## Final accounts\n\nInclude any documents showing how you distributed money, property or personal belongings from the estate, for example:\n\n- letters from HMRC confirming that you paid Inheritance Tax\n\n- receipts showing debts paid, for example utilities bills\n\n- receipts for your expenses from dealing with the estate\n\n- written confirmation that \u2018beneficiaries\u2019 (anyone who inherited) received their share of the estate\n\nSend copies of the final accounts to all beneficiaries.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    As part of applying for probate, you need to value the money, property and possessions (\u2018estate\u2019) of the person who\u2019s died.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need probate for all estates. Check if you need it.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You need to complete 3 main tasks when you value the estate.

    ", + "
  • Contact organisations such as banks or utility providers about the person\u2019s assets and debts.
    • ", + "
  • Estimate the estate\u2019s value. This will affect how you report the value to HMRC, and the deadlines for reporting and paying any Inheritance Tax. Most estates aren\u2019t taxed.
    • ", + "
  • Report the value to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).
    • ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    The process of valuing the estate can take 6 to 9 months, or longer for big or complicated estates (for example if they involve trusts or there\u2019s tax to pay).

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to value the estate straight away after someone dies. There are only deadlines if the estate owes Inheritance Tax.

    ", + "

    If it does, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • send Inheritance Tax forms within one year
    • ", + "
  • start paying tax by the end of the sixth month after the person died - you can make a payment before you finish valuing the estate
    • ", + "

    Getting help

    ", + "

    You can hire a professional (for example a solicitor) to help with some or all of the tasks involved with valuing an estate.

    ", + "

    Money Advice Service has guidance on when and how to hire a professional. Law Donut has advice on keeping solicitors\u2019 fees down.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC to get help with:

    ", + "
  • probate
    • ", + "
  • Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "

    Contact organisations about assets and debts

    ", + "

    To help you value the estate of the person who died, write to organisations to find out about the person\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • assets, for example banks and pension providers
    • ", + "
  • debts, such as utility companies, mortgage lenders and credit card companies
    • ", + "

    In your letter:

    ", + "
  • ask for the value of the asset or debt when the person died
    • ", + "
  • include a copy of the death certificate
    • ", + "

    Which organisations to contact

    ", + "

    Find organisations to contact about the person\u2019s assets and debts by searching through their papers. You can also ask friends, family and any solicitor or accountant they had.

    ", + "

    Organisations that hold a person\u2019s assets often include:

    ", + "
  • their bank
    • ", + "
  • their pension provider - ask if you should include any private pension when you value the estate
    • ", + "
  • their employer - the person may be owed wages
    • ", + "
  • any companies they held shares in - include the number of shares, company details and the share certificate number (if you have it)
    • ", + "
  • National Savings and Investments (NS&I) for Premium Bonds - use the free tracing service if you can\u2019t find certificates
    • ", + "
  • other organisations that hold assets like ISAs, shares, investments or assets in a trust
    • ", + "
  • their landlord, if they had one - the person may have paid rent in advance
    • ", + "

    In your letter to the bank, also ask for:

    ", + "
  • any standing orders and direct debits to be stopped (or transferred if they were in a joint name)
    • ", + "
  • a list of any share certificates or deeds they were holding for the person who died
    • ", + "

    If the person had a mortgage

    ", + "

    Ask the mortgage lender if they require payments to continue while you\u2019re applying for probate. If they do, you need to either:

    ", + "
  • pay these bills yourself - and reclaim them from the estate once you\u2019ve got probate
    • ", + "
  • check if the person had a life assurance or mortgage protection policy that covers these payments
    • ", + "

    Estimate the estate\u2019s value

    ", + "

    You need an estimate of the estate\u2019s value to find out if there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay.

    ", + "

    The estate won\u2019t have to pay tax as long as it either:

    ", + "
  • all passes to the dead person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, a charity or a community amateur sports club
    • ", + "
  • has a value below the Inheritance Tax threshold of \u00a3325,000
    • ", + "

    If the person who died was widowed or is giving away their home to their children, the tax threshold can be higher.

    ", + "

    Whether there\u2019s tax to pay will affect how you report the estate\u2019s value, and the deadlines for reporting and paying any tax.

    ", + "

    Working out your estimate

    ", + "

    You need to estimate the \u2018gross\u2019 value of the estate. This is the value of the assets plus \u2018gifts\u2019.

    ", + "

    Gifts are certain assets (for example cash) given away in the 7 years before the person died.

    ", + "

    At this stage, your estimate only needs to be accurate enough for you to know if the estate owes tax.

    ", + "

    Assets

    ", + "

    Start by listing the person\u2019s assets - the things the person owned with a value.

    ", + "

    These may include:

    ", + "
  • assets held by organisations you\u2019ve written to - such as money in the person\u2019s bank account, pension or investments
    • ", + "
  • possessions - for example their house, jewellery, furniture or car
    • ", + "
  • payments when they died - for example life insurance or a lump sum \u2018death benefit\u2019 from a pension
    • ", + "

    Then estimate the value of each on the date the person died. Use the asset\u2019s realistic selling price on the open market.

    ", + "

    Include all assets in your estimate, including any left to the person\u2019s spouse, civil partner or a charity. You won\u2019t pay tax on these assets.

    ", + "

    Valuing joint assets

    ", + "

    Divide the value of the asset by 2 if it was owned jointly with the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    For property or land shared with others, divide the value by the number of owners. You can then take 10% off the share of the person who died. In Scotland, take \u00a34,000 off the value of the whole asset before working out their share instead.

    ", + "

    If the person jointly owned property as a tenant in common, work out the value based on the person\u2019s share.

    ", + "

    Some bank accounts are in joint names for convenience only, for example if an elderly person added their child to help them with the account. When valuing the account, use the amount the person actually owned, rather than dividing by the number of owners.

    ", + "

    Gifts

    ", + "

    Check bank statements or contact family members to find out about gifts of cash or other assets:

    ", + "
  • in the 7 years before the person died if they totalled \u00a33,000 or more per year - don\u2019t include exempt gifts, such as those for birthdays or weddings
    • ", + "
  • at any time if they continued to benefit from a gift (for example they gave a house away but lived in it rent-free) or put a gift in a trust
    • ", + "

    To estimate the value of each gift, use either:

    ", + "
  • the approximate market value (realistic selling price) of the gift when it was made
    • ", + "
  • the realistic selling price of the gift when the deceased stopped benefitting from it (if they benefitted from the gift after giving it away)
    • ", + "

    If the person gave away more than \u00a3325,000 before they died, the recipients may have to pay Inheritance Tax on their gifts.

    ", + "

    Debts

    ", + "

    Don\u2019t include the estate\u2019s debts when you estimate the gross value - but you\u2019ll need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about them when you report the value of the estate.

    ", + "

    Check for records of debts when the person died, for example:

    ", + "
  • their mortgage, loans, credit cards or overdrafts
    • ", + "
  • \u2018liabilities\u2019 like household bills or bills for goods or services they\u2019d received but not yet paid for (like building work, decorators, accountants)
    • ", + "

    Get the gross value of the estate

    ", + "

    Add the assets to any gifts to get the gross value. Ignore the debts at this stage.

    ", + "

    You can now start telling HMRC about the value of the estate.

    ", + "

    Report the estate\u2019s value to HMRC

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve estimated the value of the estate you can:

    ", + "
  • start reporting the value in detail to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - you\u2019ll find out whether you can report everything online or if you\u2019ll need a paper form
    • ", + "
  • find out if there\u2019s tax to pay and when to pay it
    • ", + "

    Report the estate\u2019s value

    ", + "

    You can also continue a report you\u2019ve already started.

    ", + "

    Before you start

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • have an estimate of the gross value of the estate
    • ", + "
  • have told organisations that the person has died - you\u2019ll need this to give accurate valuations of the person\u2019s assets or debts
    • ", + "

    As part of telling HMRC about the estate, you work out its detailed \u2018net\u2019 value - this is assets plus gifts minus debts. You\u2019ll need to know the net value if you need to apply for probate.

    ", + "

    Getting more accurate valuations

    ", + "

    When telling HMRC about Inheritance Tax, you\u2019ll usually need more accurate valuations of the estate. This includes using a professional valuer for things over \u00a31,500.

    ", + "

    You can continue using estimates if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • the estate\u2019s gross value is less than \u00a3250,000
    • ", + "
  • all the estate passes to the dead person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, a charity or organisations like museums or community amateur sports clubs
    • ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC to get help with:

    ", + "
  • probate
    • ", + "
  • Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "

    Records

    ", + "

    You must keep certain records after you value an estate.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask to see your records up to 20 years after Inheritance Tax is paid.

    ", + "

    You must keep copies of any:

    ", + "
  • will
    • ", + "
  • copies of signed Inheritance Tax forms and supporting documents
    • ", + "
  • records showing how you worked out the value of assets in the estate, for example an estate agent\u2019s valuation
    • ", + "
  • documents showing any unused Inheritance Tax threshold that can be transferred to a surviving spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • final accounts
    • ", + "

    Final accounts

    ", + "

    Include any documents showing how you distributed money, property or personal belongings from the estate, for example:

    ", + "
  • letters from HMRC confirming that you paid Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "
  • receipts showing debts paid, for example utilities bills
    • ", + "
  • receipts for your expenses from dealing with the estate
    • ", + "
  • written confirmation that \u2018beneficiaries\u2019 (anyone who inherited) received their share of the estate
    • ", + "

    Send copies of the final accounts to all beneficiaries.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/unclaimed-estates-bona-vacantia": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unclaimed-estates-bona-vacantia", + "title": "Claim or refer an unclaimed estate", + "content": "## Overview\n\nWhen someone dies with no will or known family, their property passes to the Crown as ownerless property (or \u2018bona vacantia\u2019). It can be any kind of property, like buildings, money or personal possessions.\n\nYou could be entitled to a share of a deceased relative\u2019s property (\u2018estate\u2019) if you\u2019re a relative.\n\n## How to claim\n\n- Check if the estate is listed with the Crown.\n\n- Make sure you\u2019re an entitled relative.\n\n- Make a claim on the estate.\n\nIf an estate is not listed, you can tell the Crown about an estate you think is unclaimed.\n\n## If you\u2019re not a relative\n\nYou can apply for a grant from the estate if you think you may be entitled to a share of a deceased person\u2019s estate (for example if you lived together or you cared for them).\n\n## Who to contact\n\nThe Government Legal Department handles bona vacantia in England and Wales (except in the Duchies of Cornwall and Lancaster).\n\nThere\u2019s a list of unclaimed estates published by the Government Legal Department.\n\n## Adverts and claims\n\nThe Government Legal Department advertises to find entitled relatives. If you reply to an advert, you have to prove your relationship with the deceased, for example with a birth, marriage or death certificate.\n\n## Other bodies that represent the Crown\n\nElsewhere, bona vacantia is dealt with by:\n\n- in the Duchies of Cornwall and Lancaster - Farrer and Co\n\n- in Scotland - The Queen\u2019s and Lord Treasurer\u2019s Remembrancer\n\n- in Northern Ireland - phone the Crown Solicitor\u2019s Office for Northern Ireland\n\n## Check if you're an entitled relative\n\nYou need to know if you\u2019re entitled before making a claim on an estate. The general rules are:\n\n- if there\u2019s no will, the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and then any children have first claim to the estate\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, anyone descended from a grandparent of the person is entitled to a share in the estate\n\n- if you\u2019re related by marriage you have no entitlement\n\nFind out if you\u2019re entitled to a share of the estate.\n\n## Adopted people\n\nIf you\u2019re adopted:\n\n- you have the same rights as if you\u2019d been born into your adoptive family\n\n- you have no rights to an estate of your original birth family\n\nOnly the adoptive family have rights to the estate if the deceased person was adopted.\n\n## Make a claim on an estate\n\nIf you think you\u2019re entitled to an estate in England and Wales (but not Cornwall or Lancashire):\n\n- Find the estate.\n\n- Make sure you\u2019re an entitled relative.\n\n- Make a claim on the estate.\n\n## In the Duchies of Cornwall and Lancaster, Scotland or Northern Ireland\n\nContact the relevant body representing the Crown.\n\n## Evidence you need\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to send a family tree showing your relationship and 2 pieces of identification:\n\n- one showing your name\n\n- one showing your name and address, dated within the last 3 months\n\nYou might also be asked to send birth, death or marriage certificates.\n\n## Refer an estate\n\nIf you know someone who has died with no will or known blood relatives, you can tell one of the bodies representing the Crown about their estate.\n\nYou should only refer an estate if:\n\n- the person didn\u2019t leave a will\n\n- there are no blood relatives\n\n- the person left more funds than debt \u2013 otherwise the estate is \u2018insolvent\u2019\n\n## How to refer an estate\n\nIn England and Wales (except the Duchies of Cornwall or Lancaster), you can download the forms to refer the estate.\n\nThe Government Legal Department only handles estates worth \u00a3500 or more.\n\nIn Scotland, Northern Ireland or the Duchies of Cornwall or Lancaster contact the relevant body representing the Crown.\n\n## Grants from a deceased person's estate\n\nYou can apply for a grant from a deceased person\u2019s estate if you could have expected to benefit from it. This could be where you:\n\n- provided the person with free services like washing, cleaning, cooking, shopping, home repairs or care where they might otherwise have had to pay\n\n- lived together with the person (as their partner or as a friend) but were not married\n\n- represent a charity or other body that cared for the person at considerable expense\n\nYou don\u2019t have to be related to the person to apply.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIn England and Wales (but not Cornwall or Lancashire) apply to the Government Legal Department.\n\nContact the Government Legal Department stating that you\u2019re claiming a \u2018discretionary grant\u2019, including as much supporting information as possible.\n\nIn Cornwall, Lancashire, Scotland or Northern Ireland, apply to the relevant body representing the Crown.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When someone dies with no will or known family, their property passes to the Crown as ownerless property (or \u2018bona vacantia\u2019). It can be any kind of property, like buildings, money or personal possessions.

    ", + "

    You could be entitled to a share of a deceased relative\u2019s property (\u2018estate\u2019) if you\u2019re a relative.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "
  • Check if the estate is listed with the Crown.
    • ", + "
  • Make sure you\u2019re an entitled relative.
    • ", + "
  • Make a claim on the estate.
    • ", + "

    If an estate is not listed, you can tell the Crown about an estate you think is unclaimed.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a relative

    ", + "

    You can apply for a grant from the estate if you think you may be entitled to a share of a deceased person\u2019s estate (for example if you lived together or you cared for them).

    ", + "

    Who to contact

    ", + "

    The Government Legal Department handles bona vacantia in England and Wales (except in the Duchies of Cornwall and Lancaster).

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a list of unclaimed estates published by the Government Legal Department.

    ", + "

    Adverts and claims

    ", + "

    The Government Legal Department advertises to find entitled relatives. If you reply to an advert, you have to prove your relationship with the deceased, for example with a birth, marriage or death certificate.

    ", + "

    Other bodies that represent the Crown

    ", + "

    Elsewhere, bona vacantia is dealt with by:

    ", + "
  • in the Duchies of Cornwall and Lancaster - Farrer and Co
    • ", + "
  • in Scotland - The Queen\u2019s and Lord Treasurer\u2019s Remembrancer
    • ", + "
  • in Northern Ireland - phone the Crown Solicitor\u2019s Office for Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Check if you're an entitled relative

    ", + "

    You need to know if you\u2019re entitled before making a claim on an estate. The general rules are:

    ", + "
  • if there\u2019s no will, the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and then any children have first claim to the estate
    • ", + "
  • if there\u2019s no spouse or child, anyone descended from a grandparent of the person is entitled to a share in the estate
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re related by marriage you have no entitlement
    • ", + "

    Find out if you\u2019re entitled to a share of the estate.

    ", + "

    Adopted people

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re adopted:

    ", + "
  • you have the same rights as if you\u2019d been born into your adoptive family
    • ", + "
  • you have no rights to an estate of your original birth family
    • ", + "

    Only the adoptive family have rights to the estate if the deceased person was adopted.

    ", + "

    Make a claim on an estate

    ", + "

    If you think you\u2019re entitled to an estate in England and Wales (but not Cornwall or Lancashire):

    ", + "
  • Find the estate.
    • ", + "
  • Make sure you\u2019re an entitled relative.
    • ", + "
  • Make a claim on the estate.
    • ", + "

    In the Duchies of Cornwall and Lancaster, Scotland or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Contact the relevant body representing the Crown.

    ", + "

    Evidence you need

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to send a family tree showing your relationship and 2 pieces of identification:

    ", + "
  • one showing your name
    • ", + "
  • one showing your name and address, dated within the last 3 months
    • ", + "

    You might also be asked to send birth, death or marriage certificates.

    ", + "

    Refer an estate

    ", + "

    If you know someone who has died with no will or known blood relatives, you can tell one of the bodies representing the Crown about their estate.

    ", + "

    You should only refer an estate if:

    ", + "
  • the person didn\u2019t leave a will
    • ", + "
  • there are no blood relatives
    • ", + "
  • the person left more funds than debt \u2013 otherwise the estate is \u2018insolvent\u2019
    • ", + "

    How to refer an estate

    ", + "

    In England and Wales (except the Duchies of Cornwall or Lancaster), you can download the forms to refer the estate.

    ", + "

    The Government Legal Department only handles estates worth \u00a3500 or more.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, Northern Ireland or the Duchies of Cornwall or Lancaster contact the relevant body representing the Crown.

    ", + "

    Grants from a deceased person's estate

    ", + "

    You can apply for a grant from a deceased person\u2019s estate if you could have expected to benefit from it. This could be where you:

    ", + "
  • provided the person with free services like washing, cleaning, cooking, shopping, home repairs or care where they might otherwise have had to pay
    • ", + "
  • lived together with the person (as their partner or as a friend) but were not married
    • ", + "
  • represent a charity or other body that cared for the person at considerable expense
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to be related to the person to apply.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    In England and Wales (but not Cornwall or Lancashire) apply to the Government Legal Department.

    ", + "

    Contact the Government Legal Department stating that you\u2019re claiming a \u2018discretionary grant\u2019, including as much supporting information as possible.

    ", + "

    In Cornwall, Lancashire, Scotland or Northern Ireland, apply to the relevant body representing the Crown.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/make-will": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-will", + "title": "Making a will", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour will lets you decide what happens to your money, property and possessions after your death.\n\nIf you make a will you can also make sure you do not pay more Inheritance Tax than you need to.\n\nYou can write your will yourself, but you should get advice if your will is not straightforward.\n\nYou need to get your will formally witnessed and signed to make it legally valid.\n\nIf you want to update your will, you need to make an official alteration (called a \u2018codicil\u2019) or make a new will.\n\nIf you die without a will, the law decides who gets what.\n\n## Write your will\n\nYour will should set out:\n\n- who you want to benefit from your will\n\n- who should look after any children under 18\n\n- who is going to sort out your estate and carry out your wishes after your death (your executor)\n\n- what happens if the people you want to benefit die before you\n\nYou can also include a charity in your will.\n\n## When you need legal advice\n\nYou can get advice from a professional if your will is not straightforward, for example:\n\n- you share a property with someone who is not your husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- you want to leave money or property to a dependant who cannot care for themselves\n\n- you have several family members who may make a claim on your will, such as a second spouse or children from another marriage\n\n- your permanent home is outside the UK\n\n- you have property overseas\n\n- you have a business\n\n## Keep your will safe\n\nYou can keep your will at your home or store it with:\n\n- your solicitor\n\n- your bank\n\n- a company that offers the storage of wills - you can search online\n\n- the London Probate Service\n\nRead full guidance on storing your will with the Probate\nService.\n\nYou should tell your executor (the person you\u2019ve chosen to carry out your will), a close friend or relative where your will is.\n\n## Make sure your will is legal\n\nFor your will to be legally valid, you must:\n\n- be 18 or over\n\n- make it voluntarily\n\n- be of sound mind\n\n- make it in writing\n\n- sign it in the presence of 2 witnesses who are both over 18\n\n- have it signed by your 2 witnesses, in your presence\n\nSigning can be witnessed both in person and remotely (for example by video conferencing). In both cases:\n\n- you must have a clear view of the person and the act of signing\n\n- the will maker (or person authorised to sign on their behalf) and witnesses must sign the same document\n\nYou can only sign remotely in England or Wales.\n\nIf you make any changes to your will you must follow the same signing and witnessing process.\n\nYou cannot leave your witnesses (or their married partners) anything in your will.\n\n## Update your will\n\nYou should review your will every 5 years and after any major change in your life, for example:\n\n- getting separated or divorced\n\n- getting married (this cancels any will you made before)\n\n- having a child\n\n- moving house\n\n- if the executor named in the will dies\n\n## Making changes to your will\n\nYou cannot amend your will after it\u2019s been signed and witnessed. The only way you can change a will is by making an official alteration called a codicil.\n\nYou must sign a codicil and get it witnessed in the same way as witnessing a will.\n\nThere\u2019s no limit on how many codicils you can add to a will.\n\n## Making a new will\n\nFor major changes you should make a new will.\n\nYour new will should explain that it revokes (officially cancels) all previous wills and codicils. You should destroy your old will by burning it or tearing it up.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your will lets you decide what happens to your money, property and possessions after your death.

    ", + "

    If you make a will you can also make sure you do not pay more Inheritance Tax than you need to.

    ", + "

    You can write your will yourself, but you should get advice if your will is not straightforward.

    ", + "

    You need to get your will formally witnessed and signed to make it legally valid.

    ", + "

    If you want to update your will, you need to make an official alteration (called a \u2018codicil\u2019) or make a new will.

    ", + "

    If you die without a will, the law decides who gets what.

    ", + "

    Write your will

    ", + "

    Your will should set out:

    ", + "
  • who you want to benefit from your will
    • ", + "
  • who should look after any children under 18
    • ", + "
  • who is going to sort out your estate and carry out your wishes after your death (your executor)
    • ", + "
  • what happens if the people you want to benefit die before you
    • ", + "

    You can also include a charity in your will.

    ", + "

    When you need legal advice

    ", + "

    You can get advice from a professional if your will is not straightforward, for example:

    ", + "
  • you share a property with someone who is not your husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • you want to leave money or property to a dependant who cannot care for themselves
    • ", + "
  • you have several family members who may make a claim on your will, such as a second spouse or children from another marriage
    • ", + "
  • your permanent home is outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have property overseas
    • ", + "
  • you have a business
    • ", + "

    Keep your will safe

    ", + "

    You can keep your will at your home or store it with:

    ", + "
  • your solicitor
    • ", + "
  • your bank
    • ", + "
  • a company that offers the storage of wills - you can search online
    • ", + "
  • the London Probate Service
    • ", + "

    Read full guidance on storing your will with the Probate\nService.

    ", + "

    You should tell your executor (the person you\u2019ve chosen to carry out your will), a close friend or relative where your will is.

    ", + "

    Make sure your will is legal

    ", + "

    For your will to be legally valid, you must:

    ", + "
  • be 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • make it voluntarily
    • ", + "
  • be of sound mind
    • ", + "
  • make it in writing
    • ", + "
  • sign it in the presence of 2 witnesses who are both over 18
    • ", + "
  • have it signed by your 2 witnesses, in your presence
    • ", + "

    Signing can be witnessed both in person and remotely (for example by video conferencing). In both cases:

    ", + "
  • you must have a clear view of the person and the act of signing
    • ", + "
  • the will maker (or person authorised to sign on their behalf) and witnesses must sign the same document
    • ", + "

    You can only sign remotely in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    If you make any changes to your will you must follow the same signing and witnessing process.

    ", + "

    You cannot leave your witnesses (or their married partners) anything in your will.

    ", + "

    Update your will

    ", + "

    You should review your will every 5 years and after any major change in your life, for example:

    ", + "
  • getting separated or divorced
    • ", + "
  • getting married (this cancels any will you made before)
    • ", + "
  • having a child
    • ", + "
  • moving house
    • ", + "
  • if the executor named in the will dies
    • ", + "

    Making changes to your will

    ", + "

    You cannot amend your will after it\u2019s been signed and witnessed. The only way you can change a will is by making an official alteration called a codicil.

    ", + "

    You must sign a codicil and get it witnessed in the same way as witnessing a will.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no limit on how many codicils you can add to a will.

    ", + "

    Making a new will

    ", + "

    For major changes you should make a new will.

    ", + "

    Your new will should explain that it revokes (officially cancels) all previous wills and codicils. You should destroy your old will by burning it or tearing it up.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/apply-statutory-will": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-statutory-will", + "title": "Make a statutory will on behalf of someone else", + "content": "## Overview\n\nApply to the Court of Protection if you want to make (or change) a will on behalf of someone who cannot do it themselves.\n\nThis may be because, for example:\n\n- they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness\n\n- they have dementia\n\nYou can apply when the person is not able to understand:\n\n- what making or changing a will means\n\n- how much money they have or what property they own\n\n- how making or changing a will might affect the people they know (either those mentioned in the will or those left out)\n\nSomeone who has lost the mental capacity to manage their finances may still have the ability to make a will. A solicitor will usually be able to tell you if they are.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Download, fill in and return the forms with details of the proposed will and supporting documents.\n\n- Tell other people that you\u2019ve applied.\n\n- Attend a hearing if the Court of Protection decides to hold one.\n\n- Sign the will, have it witnessed and send it to the Court of Protection to have it \u2018sealed\u2019.\n\n## Emergency applications\n\nYou can apply to the Court of Protection for an emergency decision on a statutory will if the person you\u2019re applying for only has a short time to live.\n\n## Get legal advice\n\nYou can get legal advice from:\n\n- a solicitor - you\u2019ll have to pay for this\n\n- organisations which give advice for free, for example Citizens Advice Bureau\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the following forms to apply to make a will on behalf of someone, or to make changes to their existing will:\n\n- application form (COP1)\n\n- witness statement (COP24)\n\n- information form (COP1C)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to prove to the Court of Protection that the person is not able to make a will by themselves.\n\nDownload and fill in assessment of capacity form (COP3) - you\u2019ll need to get the person\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to fill in the relevant parts.\n\nSend the completed forms, your supporting documents and payment to the Court of Protection.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include the following information and documents:\n\n- a copy of the person\u2019s current will and any amendments (\u2018codicils\u2019)\n\n- a copy of the proposed new will or codicil\n\n- a copy of any deputyship order\n\n- details of the people who have agreed to deal with the will after the person\u2019s death (\u2018executors\u2019)\n\n- a copy of any registered lasting power of attorney or registered enduring power of attorney\n\n- the person\u2019s family tree\n\n- reasons the person might be expected to provide for people named in the will (\u2018beneficiaries\u2019)\n\n- the person\u2019s address and details about where they\u2019re living, for example care home, hospital\n\nYou must also provide:\n\n- details of the person\u2019s estate and assets\n\n- accounts showing their estimated income and outgoings\n\n- details of any inheritance tax payable in the event of the person\u2019s death\n\n## Acting in the other person\u2019s best interest\n\nDecisions taken on someone\u2019s behalf must always be in their best interest. You must consider:\n\n- what they would do if they were able to make a will themselves\n\n- their beliefs and personal values\n\n- how they\u2019ve acted and made decisions for themselves in the past\n\nRead the Court of Protection practice direction (9E) for more information and an example of a statutory will.\n\n## Fees\n\nAn application for a statutory will costs \u00a3365.\n\nYou may also have to pay:\n\n- \u00a3485 if the court decides to hold a hearing (including telephone hearings)\n\n- solicitor\u2019s fees if a solicitor is appointed by the Official Solicitor to act as the person\u2019s litigation friend\n\n- Counsel\u2019s fees (if there are any)\n\n## How to pay\n\nSend a cheque for \u00a3365 made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your completed forms and supporting documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told when you need to pay any additional costs, for example for court hearings.\n\nYou may be able to claim back any fees you pay from the estate of the person you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## Exemptions and refunds\n\nYou may not have to pay an application or hearing fee, depending on the circumstances of the person you\u2019re applying for, for example they:\n\n- have low (or no) income\n\n- are on certain types of benefit\n\nDownload and fill in the application for a fee remission form and send it the Court of Protection with your application forms. The form contains guidance about exemptions.\n\nThe fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving your application.\n\n## After you apply\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a letter to confirm that your application has been received.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get a stamped copy of your application form and a \u2018directions order\u2019 from the court telling you what to do next.\n\n## The Official Solicitor\n\nThe directions order might tell you to write to the Official Solicitor to tell them about your application. The Official Solicitor makes sure that people who cannot make decisions for themselves have someone to represent them in court cases.\n\n## Tell people named in your application\n\nYour directions order will say who you must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) about your application. This could include the person who the application is about and:\n\n- anyone named in an existing will who would be affected financially, for example they are not a beneficiary in the new will\n\n- anyone who would be expected to benefit if the person were to die without a will (\u2018intestate\u2019), for example family members\n\n- any other people named on your application\n\n- the Official Solicitor\n\nYou must serve both of the following documents within 14 days of the application being issued:\n\n- notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- acknowledgment of service form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about the application and register any objection\n\nYou can serve them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\nYou\u2019ll be given time to reach a decision with the people you\u2019ve served. The Court of Protection may hold a hearing if you cannot.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nThe Court of Protection will tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you have to provide more information, for example further medical reports\n\n- there\u2019ll be a hearing to get more information\n\n## Court hearings\n\nThe Court of Protection will hold a hearing, or hearings, if you have not been able to reach a decision with the people you\u2019ve served.\n\nYou can also get a solicitor to represent you during the hearing.\n\nRead the guidance on what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a hearing fee after the court makes their final decision.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nYou can ask for a decision that was made without a hearing to be reconsidered any time within 21 days of the decision being made.\n\nTo appeal a decision made at a court hearing download and fill in the Appellants Notice Form COP 35.\n\nYou must pay \u00a3320. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nSend the form to the Court of Protection with a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\n## Finalising the will\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a court order confirming that your application has been accepted with a letter telling you what to do next.\n\n## Sign the will\n\nYou must sign 2 copies of the will. Both copies should be signed in your name and in the name of the person the will has been made for. You must also get 2 witnesses (aged 18 or over) to sign them.\n\nThe witnesses must:\n\n- be with you when you sign the will\n\n- sign the will straight after you\n\nSend the 2 signed copies of the statutory will to the Court of Protection.\n\nThe 2 copies will be given the court\u2019s official seal and sent back to you.\n\n## When the person dies\n\nThe statutory will can be handled (\u2018executed\u2019) in the normal way, as if the person had made the will themselves.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Apply to the Court of Protection if you want to make (or change) a will on behalf of someone who cannot do it themselves.

    ", + "

    This may be because, for example:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness
    • ", + "
  • they have dementia
    • ", + "

    You can apply when the person is not able to understand:

    ", + "
  • what making or changing a will means
    • ", + "
  • how much money they have or what property they own
    • ", + "
  • how making or changing a will might affect the people they know (either those mentioned in the will or those left out)
    • ", + "

    Someone who has lost the mental capacity to manage their finances may still have the ability to make a will. A solicitor will usually be able to tell you if they are.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "
  • Download, fill in and return the forms with details of the proposed will and supporting documents.
    • ", + "
  • Tell other people that you\u2019ve applied.
    • ", + "
  • Attend a hearing if the Court of Protection decides to hold one.
    • ", + "
  • Sign the will, have it witnessed and send it to the Court of Protection to have it \u2018sealed\u2019.
    • ", + "

    Emergency applications

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Court of Protection for an emergency decision on a statutory will if the person you\u2019re applying for only has a short time to live.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice from:

    ", + "
  • a solicitor - you\u2019ll have to pay for this
    • ", + "
  • organisations which give advice for free, for example Citizens Advice Bureau
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the following forms to apply to make a will on behalf of someone, or to make changes to their existing will:

    ", + "
  • application form (COP1)
    • ", + "
  • witness statement (COP24)
    • ", + "
  • information form (COP1C)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to prove to the Court of Protection that the person is not able to make a will by themselves.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in assessment of capacity form (COP3) - you\u2019ll need to get the person\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to fill in the relevant parts.

    ", + "

    Send the completed forms, your supporting documents and payment to the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include the following information and documents:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the person\u2019s current will and any amendments (\u2018codicils\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the proposed new will or codicil
    • ", + "
  • a copy of any deputyship order
    • ", + "
  • details of the people who have agreed to deal with the will after the person\u2019s death (\u2018executors\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a copy of any registered lasting power of attorney or registered enduring power of attorney
    • ", + "
  • the person\u2019s family tree
    • ", + "
  • reasons the person might be expected to provide for people named in the will (\u2018beneficiaries\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • the person\u2019s address and details about where they\u2019re living, for example care home, hospital
    • ", + "

    You must also provide:

    ", + "
  • details of the person\u2019s estate and assets
    • ", + "
  • accounts showing their estimated income and outgoings
    • ", + "
  • details of any inheritance tax payable in the event of the person\u2019s death
    • ", + "

    Acting in the other person\u2019s best interest

    ", + "

    Decisions taken on someone\u2019s behalf must always be in their best interest. You must consider:

    ", + "
  • what they would do if they were able to make a will themselves
    • ", + "
  • their beliefs and personal values
    • ", + "
  • how they\u2019ve acted and made decisions for themselves in the past
    • ", + "

    Read the Court of Protection practice direction (9E) for more information and an example of a statutory will.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    An application for a statutory will costs \u00a3365.

    ", + "

    You may also have to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3485 if the court decides to hold a hearing (including telephone hearings)
    • ", + "
  • solicitor\u2019s fees if a solicitor is appointed by the Official Solicitor to act as the person\u2019s litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • Counsel\u2019s fees (if there are any)
    • ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    Send a cheque for \u00a3365 made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your completed forms and supporting documents.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told when you need to pay any additional costs, for example for court hearings.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim back any fees you pay from the estate of the person you\u2019re applying for.

    ", + "

    Exemptions and refunds

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay an application or hearing fee, depending on the circumstances of the person you\u2019re applying for, for example they:

    ", + "
  • have low (or no) income
    • ", + "
  • are on certain types of benefit
    • ", + "

    Download and fill in the application for a fee remission form and send it the Court of Protection with your application forms. The form contains guidance about exemptions.

    ", + "

    The fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving your application.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection will send you a letter to confirm that your application has been received.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get a stamped copy of your application form and a \u2018directions order\u2019 from the court telling you what to do next.

    ", + "

    The Official Solicitor

    ", + "

    The directions order might tell you to write to the Official Solicitor to tell them about your application. The Official Solicitor makes sure that people who cannot make decisions for themselves have someone to represent them in court cases.

    ", + "

    Tell people named in your application

    ", + "

    Your directions order will say who you must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) about your application. This could include the person who the application is about and:

    ", + "
  • anyone named in an existing will who would be affected financially, for example they are not a beneficiary in the new will
    • ", + "
  • anyone who would be expected to benefit if the person were to die without a will (\u2018intestate\u2019), for example family members
    • ", + "
  • any other people named on your application
    • ", + "
  • the Official Solicitor
    • ", + "

    You must serve both of the following documents within 14 days of the application being issued:

    ", + "
  • notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)
    • ", + "
  • acknowledgment of service form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about the application and register any objection
    • ", + "

    You can serve them:

    ", + "
  • by post to their home address
    • ", + "
  • by fax or email
    • ", + "
  • in person
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given time to reach a decision with the people you\u2019ve served. The Court of Protection may hold a hearing if you cannot.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection will tell you if:

    ", + "
  • your application\u2019s been approved or rejected
    • ", + "
  • you have to provide more information, for example further medical reports
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019ll be a hearing to get more information
    • ", + "

    Court hearings

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection will hold a hearing, or hearings, if you have not been able to reach a decision with the people you\u2019ve served.

    ", + "

    You can also get a solicitor to represent you during the hearing.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a hearing fee after the court makes their final decision.

    ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    You can ask for a decision that was made without a hearing to be reconsidered any time within 21 days of the decision being made.

    ", + "

    To appeal a decision made at a court hearing download and fill in the Appellants Notice Form COP 35.

    ", + "

    You must pay \u00a3320. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    ", + "

    Send the form to the Court of Protection with a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 within 21 days of the date the decision was made.

    ", + "

    Finalising the will

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a court order confirming that your application has been accepted with a letter telling you what to do next.

    ", + "

    Sign the will

    ", + "

    You must sign 2 copies of the will. Both copies should be signed in your name and in the name of the person the will has been made for. You must also get 2 witnesses (aged 18 or over) to sign them.

    ", + "

    The witnesses must:

    ", + "
  • be with you when you sign the will
    • ", + "
  • sign the will straight after you
    • ", + "

    Send the 2 signed copies of the statutory will to the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    The 2 copies will be given the court\u2019s official seal and sent back to you.

    ", + "

    When the person dies

    ", + "

    The statutory will can be handled (\u2018executed\u2019) in the normal way, as if the person had made the will themselves.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/inheritance-tax": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/inheritance-tax", + "title": "Inheritance Tax", + "content": "## Overview\n\nInheritance Tax is a tax on the estate (the property, money and possessions) of someone who\u2019s died.\n\nThere\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if either:\n\n- the value of your estate is below the \u00a3325,000 threshold\n\n- you leave everything above the \u00a3325,000 threshold to your spouse, civil partner, a charity or a community amateur sports club\n\nIf the estate\u2019s value is below the threshold you\u2019ll still need to report it to HMRC.\n\nIf you give away your home to your children (including adopted, foster or stepchildren) or grandchildren your threshold can increase to \u00a3500,000.\n\nIf you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership and your estate is worth less than your threshold, any unused threshold can be added to your partner\u2019s threshold when you die. This means their threshold can be as much as \u00a31 million.\n\n## Inheritance Tax rates\n\nThe standard Inheritance Tax rate is 40%. It\u2019s only charged on the part of your estate that\u2019s above the threshold.\n\nThe estate can pay Inheritance Tax at a reduced rate of 36% on some assets if you leave 10% or more of the \u2018net value\u2019 to charity in your will.\n\n## Reliefs and exemptions\n\nSome gifts you give while you\u2019re alive may be taxed after your death. Depending on when you gave the gift, \u2018taper relief\u2019 might mean the Inheritance Tax charged on the gift is less than 40%.\n\nOther reliefs, such as Business Relief, allow some assets to be passed on free of Inheritance Tax or with a reduced bill.\n\nContact the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline about Agricultural Relief if your estate includes a farm or woodland.\n\n## Who pays the tax to HMRC\n\nFunds from your estate are used to pay Inheritance Tax to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is done by the person dealing with the estate (called the \u2018executor\u2019, if there\u2019s a will).\n\nYour beneficiaries (the people who inherit your estate) do not normally pay tax on things they inherit. They may have related taxes to pay, for example if they get rental income from a house left to them in a will.\n\nPeople you give gifts to might have to pay Inheritance Tax, but only if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 and die within 7 years.\n\n## Passing on a home\n\nYou can pass a home to your husband, wife or civil partner when you die. There\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay if you do this.\n\nIf you leave the home to another person in your will, it counts towards the value of the estate.\n\nIf you own your home (or a share in it) your tax-free threshold can increase to \u00a3500,000 if:\n\n- you leave it to your children (including adopted, foster or stepchildren) or grandchildren\n\n- your estate is worth less than \u00a32 million\n\n## Giving away a home before you die\n\nThere\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if you move out and live for another 7 years.\n\nIf you want to continue living in your property after giving it away, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- pay rent to the new owner at the going rate (for similar local rental properties)\n\n- pay your share of the bills\n\n- live there for at least 7 years\n\nYou do not have to pay rent to the new owners if both the following apply:\n\n- you only give away part of your property\n\n- the new owners also live at the property\n\n## If you die within 7 years\n\nIf you die within 7 years of giving away all or part of your property, your home will be treated as a gift and the 7 year rule applies.\n\nCall the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you have questions about giving away a home. They cannot give you advice on how to pay less tax.\n\n## Gifts\n\nThere\u2019s usually no Inheritance Tax to pay on small gifts you make out of your normal income, such as Christmas or birthday presents. These are known as \u2018exempted gifts\u2019.\n\nThere\u2019s also no Inheritance Tax to pay on gifts between spouses or civil partners. You can give them as much as you like during your lifetime, as long as they live in the UK permanently.\n\nOther gifts count towards the value of your estate.\n\nPeople you give gifts to will be charged Inheritance Tax if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 in the 7 years before your death.\n\n## What counts as a gift\n\nA gift can be:\n\n- anything that has a value, such as money, property, possessions\n\n- a loss in value when something\u2019s transferred, for example if you sell your house to your child for less than it\u2019s worth, the difference in value counts as a gift\n\nCall the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## Exempted gifts\n\nYou can give away \u00a33,000 worth of gifts each tax year (6 April to 5 April) without them being added to the value of your estate. This is known as your \u2018annual exemption\u2019.\n\nYou can carry any unused annual exemption forward to the next year - but only for one year.\n\nEach tax year, you can also give away:\n\n- wedding or civil ceremony gifts of up to \u00a31,000 per person (\u00a32,500 for a grandchild or great-grandchild, \u00a35,000 for a child)\n\n- normal gifts out of your income, for example Christmas or birthday presents - you must be able to maintain your standard of living after making the gift\n\n- payments to help with another person\u2019s living costs, such as an elderly relative or a child under 18\n\n- gifts to charities and political parties\n\nYou can use more than one of these exemptions on the same person - for example, you could give your grandchild gifts for her birthday and wedding in the same tax year.\n\n## Small gifts up to \u00a3250\n\nYou can give as many gifts of up to \u00a3250 per person as you want during the tax year as long as you have not used another exemption on the same person.\n\n## The 7 year rule\n\nIf there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay, it\u2019s charged at 40% on gifts given in the 3 years before you die.\n\nGifts made 3 to 7 years before your death are taxed on a sliding scale known as \u2018taper relief\u2019.\n\n| Years between gift and death | Tax paid |\n\n| less than 3 | 40% |\n\n| 3 to 4 | 32% |\n\n| 4 to 5 | 24% |\n\n| 5 to 6 | 16% |\n\n| 6 to 7 | 8% |\n\n| 7 or more | 0% |\n\nGifts are not counted towards the value of your estate after 7 years.\n\n## When someone living outside the UK dies\n\nIf your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad, Inheritance Tax is only paid on your UK assets, for example property or bank accounts you have in the UK.\n\nIt\u2019s not paid on \u2018excluded assets\u2019 like:\n\n- foreign currency accounts with a bank or the Post Office\n\n- overseas pensions\n\n- holdings in authorised unit trusts and open-ended investment companies\n\nThere are different rules if you have assets in a trust or government gilts, or you\u2019re a member of visiting armed forces.\n\nContact the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether your assets are excluded.\n\n## When you will not count as living abroad\n\nHMRC will treat you as being domiciled in the UK if you either:\n\n- lived in the UK for 15 of the last 20 years\n\n- had your permanent home in the UK at any time in the last 3 years of your life\n\n## Double-taxation treaties\n\nYour executor might be able to reclaim tax through a double-taxation treaty if Inheritance Tax is charged on the same assets by the UK and the country where you lived.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax is a tax on the estate (the property, money and possessions) of someone who\u2019s died.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if either:

    ", + "
  • the value of your estate is below the \u00a3325,000 threshold
    • ", + "
  • you leave everything above the \u00a3325,000 threshold to your spouse, civil partner, a charity or a community amateur sports club
    • ", + "

    If the estate\u2019s value is below the threshold you\u2019ll still need to report it to HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you give away your home to your children (including adopted, foster or stepchildren) or grandchildren your threshold can increase to \u00a3500,000.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership and your estate is worth less than your threshold, any unused threshold can be added to your partner\u2019s threshold when you die. This means their threshold can be as much as \u00a31 million.

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax rates

    ", + "

    The standard Inheritance Tax rate is 40%. It\u2019s only charged on the part of your estate that\u2019s above the threshold.

    ", + "

    The estate can pay Inheritance Tax at a reduced rate of 36% on some assets if you leave 10% or more of the \u2018net value\u2019 to charity in your will.

    ", + "

    Reliefs and exemptions

    ", + "

    Some gifts you give while you\u2019re alive may be taxed after your death. Depending on when you gave the gift, \u2018taper relief\u2019 might mean the Inheritance Tax charged on the gift is less than 40%.

    ", + "

    Other reliefs, such as Business Relief, allow some assets to be passed on free of Inheritance Tax or with a reduced bill.

    ", + "

    Contact the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline about Agricultural Relief if your estate includes a farm or woodland.

    ", + "

    Who pays the tax to HMRC

    ", + "

    Funds from your estate are used to pay Inheritance Tax to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is done by the person dealing with the estate (called the \u2018executor\u2019, if there\u2019s a will).

    ", + "

    Your beneficiaries (the people who inherit your estate) do not normally pay tax on things they inherit. They may have related taxes to pay, for example if they get rental income from a house left to them in a will.

    ", + "

    People you give gifts to might have to pay Inheritance Tax, but only if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 and die within 7 years.

    ", + "

    Passing on a home

    ", + "

    You can pass a home to your husband, wife or civil partner when you die. There\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay if you do this.

    ", + "

    If you leave the home to another person in your will, it counts towards the value of the estate.

    ", + "

    If you own your home (or a share in it) your tax-free threshold can increase to \u00a3500,000 if:

    ", + "
  • you leave it to your children (including adopted, foster or stepchildren) or grandchildren
    • ", + "
  • your estate is worth less than \u00a32 million
    • ", + "

    Giving away a home before you die

    ", + "

    There\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if you move out and live for another 7 years.

    ", + "

    If you want to continue living in your property after giving it away, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • pay rent to the new owner at the going rate (for similar local rental properties)
    • ", + "
  • pay your share of the bills
    • ", + "
  • live there for at least 7 years
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay rent to the new owners if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you only give away part of your property
    • ", + "
  • the new owners also live at the property
    • ", + "

    If you die within 7 years

    ", + "

    If you die within 7 years of giving away all or part of your property, your home will be treated as a gift and the 7 year rule applies.

    ", + "

    Call the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you have questions about giving away a home. They cannot give you advice on how to pay less tax.

    ", + "

    Gifts

    ", + "

    There\u2019s usually no Inheritance Tax to pay on small gifts you make out of your normal income, such as Christmas or birthday presents. These are known as \u2018exempted gifts\u2019.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s also no Inheritance Tax to pay on gifts between spouses or civil partners. You can give them as much as you like during your lifetime, as long as they live in the UK permanently.

    ", + "

    Other gifts count towards the value of your estate.

    ", + "

    People you give gifts to will be charged Inheritance Tax if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 in the 7 years before your death.

    ", + "

    What counts as a gift

    ", + "

    A gift can be:

    ", + "
  • anything that has a value, such as money, property, possessions
    • ", + "
  • a loss in value when something\u2019s transferred, for example if you sell your house to your child for less than it\u2019s worth, the difference in value counts as a gift
    • ", + "

    Call the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    Exempted gifts

    ", + "

    You can give away \u00a33,000 worth of gifts each tax year (6 April to 5 April) without them being added to the value of your estate. This is known as your \u2018annual exemption\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can carry any unused annual exemption forward to the next year - but only for one year.

    ", + "

    Each tax year, you can also give away:

    ", + "
  • wedding or civil ceremony gifts of up to \u00a31,000 per person (\u00a32,500 for a grandchild or great-grandchild, \u00a35,000 for a child)
    • ", + "
  • normal gifts out of your income, for example Christmas or birthday presents - you must be able to maintain your standard of living after making the gift
    • ", + "
  • payments to help with another person\u2019s living costs, such as an elderly relative or a child under 18
    • ", + "
  • gifts to charities and political parties
    • ", + "

    You can use more than one of these exemptions on the same person - for example, you could give your grandchild gifts for her birthday and wedding in the same tax year.

    ", + "

    Small gifts up to \u00a3250

    ", + "

    You can give as many gifts of up to \u00a3250 per person as you want during the tax year as long as you have not used another exemption on the same person.

    ", + "

    The 7 year rule

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay, it\u2019s charged at 40% on gifts given in the 3 years before you die.

    ", + "

    Gifts made 3 to 7 years before your death are taxed on a sliding scale known as \u2018taper relief\u2019.

    ", + "Years between gift and death | Tax paid", + "less than 3 | 40%", + "3 to 4 | 32%", + "4 to 5 | 24%", + "5 to 6 | 16%", + "6 to 7 | 8%", + "7 or more | 0%", + "

    Gifts are not counted towards the value of your estate after 7 years.

    ", + "

    When someone living outside the UK dies

    ", + "

    If your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad, Inheritance Tax is only paid on your UK assets, for example property or bank accounts you have in the UK.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s not paid on \u2018excluded assets\u2019 like:

    ", + "
  • foreign currency accounts with a bank or the Post Office
    • ", + "
  • overseas pensions
    • ", + "
  • holdings in authorised unit trusts and open-ended investment companies
    • ", + "

    There are different rules if you have assets in a trust or government gilts, or you\u2019re a member of visiting armed forces.

    ", + "

    Contact the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether your assets are excluded.

    ", + "

    When you will not count as living abroad

    ", + "

    HMRC will treat you as being domiciled in the UK if you either:

    ", + "
  • lived in the UK for 15 of the last 20 years
    • ", + "
  • had your permanent home in the UK at any time in the last 3 years of your life
    • ", + "

    Double-taxation treaties

    ", + "

    Your executor might be able to reclaim tax through a double-taxation treaty if Inheritance Tax is charged on the same assets by the UK and the country where you lived.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/paying-inheritance-tax": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paying-inheritance-tax", + "title": "Pay your Inheritance Tax bill", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must pay Inheritance Tax by the end of the sixth month after the person died.\n\nThere are different due dates if you\u2019re making payments on a trust.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay by the due date.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a payment reference number before you can pay your Inheritance Tax bill.\n\n## Pay from your own bank account\n\nYou can pay from your own bank account or a joint account with the deceased:\n\n- using online or telephone banking\n\n- using CHAPS or Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\nYou currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by cheque because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can claim the money back from the deceased\u2019s estate or the beneficiaries once you get a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.\n\n## Pay from accounts owned by the deceased\n\nYou can pay using the deceased\u2019s:\n\n- bank accounts - including National Savings and Investments (NS&I) accounts\n\n- government stock\n\n## If you do not know how much to pay\n\nYou can make payments before you know the exact amount of Inheritance Tax owed by the deceased person\u2019s estate. These are known as \u2018payments on account\u2019.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nHMRC do not send receipts for each payment you make. They\u2019ll write to tell you when you\u2019ve paid all the Inheritance Tax and interest you owe.\n\nIf you\u2019ve paid through your own bank or building society, check your statement to confirm the payment has left your account.\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020\n\nAsk your bank if your cheque to HMRC has been cashed. If it has not been cashed, you should cancel the cheque and pay HMRC a different way.\n\n## Get a payment reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get an Inheritance Tax reference number from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) at least 3 weeks before you make a payment.\n\nYou can apply for one:\n\n- online (unless you need it for a trust)\n\n- by post - using form IHT422, Application for an Inheritance Tax reference (the address you need is on the form)\n\nDo not use the 15-digit number from the online Inheritance Tax service to report an estate\u2019s value.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking), CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001136 | HMRC Inheritance Tax |\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your Inheritance Tax payment reference number as the payment reference.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB66BARC20114763495590 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Inheritance Tax |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.\n\nYou can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.\n\nPlease complete one of your bank\u2019s paying in slips with the following HMRC bank account details:\n\nSort code 25 61 21\nAccount number 63495590\nAccount name HM Revenue & Customs Inheritance Tax\n\nSome branches might be closed at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite the name of the deceased and your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the letter HMRC sent you.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account, if you pay between Monday and Friday.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can still pay:\n\n- using online or telephone banking\n\n- using CHAPS or Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n## From the deceased's bank account\n\nYou can ask banks, building societies or National Savings & Investments (NS&I) to pay some or all of the Inheritance Tax due from the deceased person\u2019s accounts to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is called the \u2018Direct Payment Scheme\u2019.\n\n- Ask the bank, building society or NS&I to make you a \u2018personal representative\u2019 - each one will do this in a different way. You can do this before you apply for a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is known as confirmation in Scotland.\n\n- Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number.\n\n- Fill in form IHT423 and send it to the bank, building society or NS&I. Send a separate form for each account you want to pay HMRC from.\n\n- Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT 400, Probate Summary form IHT421, (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) and any supplementary pages or supporting documents to HMRC.\n\nWhen the bank, building society or NS&I has made the payment, HMRC will stamp and return Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) so you know the Inheritance Tax has been paid.\n\n## Using British government stock\n\nWrite to Computershare Investor Services, who run the British government stock scheme.\n\nTell them you want to pay Inheritance Tax and how much of the stock you want to use. Enclose a copy of the death certificate and the stock reference number (if you have it).\n\nAt the same time, send HMRC:\n\n- a letter saying how much tax you want to be paid out of the stock\n\n- Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 - you\u2019ll need to put your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the form\n\n- Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland)\n\nHMRC will contact Computershare and ask for the money to be transferred. This could take up to 4 weeks.\n\nDo not pay this way if you need to get probate (known as \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland) quickly. (Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.)\n\n## After the money has been transferred\n\n## In England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nHMRC will send your IHT421 form to the Probate Registry so they can send a grant of representation to you (if you\u2019re handling probate yourself) or to your solicitor.\n\n## In Scotland\n\nHMRC will return your C1 Confirmation form to you so you can apply for confirmation.\n\nIf the amount transferred is not enough to cover the Inheritance Tax you owe, HMRC will write to tell you how much to pay and how to pay it.\n\n## By transferring national heritage property\n\nIn very exceptional cases you may be able to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown.\n\nNational heritage property may include:\n\n- buildings or land of historic, architectural, scenic or scientific interest\n\n- artworks, books and manuscripts or scientific collections of historic, scenic or scientific interest\n\nOffers to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown are dealt with on an individual basis.\n\nContact the HMRC Heritage team for information on making an offer.\n\n## If your offer is accepted\n\nEven if your offer\u2019s accepted, you must first pay all of the Inheritance Tax you owe through other means and have a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.\n\nOnce your property has been transferred HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will repay the Inheritance Tax you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## In yearly instalments\n\nYou can pay your Inheritance Tax on things that may take time to sell in equal annual instalments over 10 years.\n\nYou must say on Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 if you want to pay in instalments.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay interest on your instalments. Use the calculator to work out the interest you\u2019ll need to pay.\n\nYou must pay the tax in full when you\u2019ve sold the deceased\u2019s assets, such as their house or shares.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nThe first instalment is due at the end of the sixth month after the death (for example if they died on 12 January, you\u2019d have to pay by 31 July). This is known as the \u2018due date\u2019. Payments are then due every year on that date.\n\n## Paying early\n\nYou can pay off the full tax and interest at any time. Write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Trusts and Estates asking for a final assessment (you do not have to include payment).\n\n## What you pay interest on\n\nYou will not pay any interest on the first instalment unless you pay late. On each later instalment you must pay interest on both of the following:\n\n- the full outstanding tax balance\n\n- the instalment itself, from the date it\u2019s due to the date of payment (if it\u2019s paid late)\n\n## What you can pay in instalments\n\n## Houses\n\nYou can pay 10% and the interest each year if you decide to keep the house to live in.\n\n## Shares and securities\n\nYou can pay in instalments if the shares or securities allowed the deceased to control more than 50% of a company.\n\n## Unlisted shares and securities\n\nYou can pay in instalments for \u2018unlisted\u2019 shares or securities (ones not traded on a recognised stock exchange) if they\u2019re worth more than \u00a320,000 and either of these apply:\n\n- they represent 10% of the total value of the shares in the company, at the price they were first sold at (known as the \u2018nominal\u2019 value or \u2018face value\u2019)\n\n- they represent 10% of the total value of ordinary shares held in the company, at the price they were first sold at\n\nYou can find the face value of a share and whether it\u2019s an ordinary share on the share certificate.\n\nYou can also pay in instalments if either of these apply:\n\n- at least 20% of the total Inheritance Tax the estate owes is on assets that qualify for payment by instalments\n\n- paying Inheritance Tax on them in one lump sum will cause financial difficulties\n\n## Business run for profit\n\nYou can pay in instalments on the net value of a business, but not its assets.\n\n## Agricultural land and property\n\nThis is rare because most agricultural land and property is exempt from Inheritance Tax.\n\n## Gifts\n\nYou can pay in instalments if there is still Inheritance Tax to pay and you were given:\n\n- buildings\n\n- shares or securities\n\n- part or all of a business\n\nIf the gift was an unlisted share or security, it must still have been unlisted at the time of the death.\n\n## Trusts\n\n- Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number at least 3 weeks before you want to make a payment by filling in Form IHT122.\n\n- Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT100 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n- Pay the Inheritance Tax, either through a bank or building society or by cheque through the post.\n\n## Payment deadlines\n\n## Transfers\n\nYou must pay Inheritance Tax on transfers into a trust or out of a trust (known as \u2018exit charges\u2019) no later than 6 months after the end of the month the transfer was made.\n\n## 10-year anniversary charge\n\nThe 10-year anniversary charge can be paid up to 6 months after the 10th anniversary of the date the trust was set up.\n\n## Pay early to avoid paying interest\n\nYou can make early Inheritance Tax payments before you know the exact amount the estate owes (this is known as a \u2018payment on account\u2019).\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay all the tax the estate owes by the due date. If you will not know how much Inheritance Tax the estate owes by the time the payment is due, a payment on account can help you avoid some of the interest.\n\n## If you overpay\n\nIf you pay more money than the final bill says the estate owes, HMRC will refund the excess after you\u2019ve been given probate (confirmation in Scotland). Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.\n\nHMRC will also pay interest on the amount you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\nTo receive the refund, you\u2019ll need to write to HMRC.\n\nPut \u2018Repayment - further details\u2019 at the top of the letter.\n\nInclude the name, number and sort code of the bank account you want the refund to go to.\n\nThe letter must be signed by the same people who signed forms IHT400 and IHT100 if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying without the help of a solicitor or agent\n\n- the refund is being paid into a different bank account to the one nominated in IHT400 or IHT100\n\nIf you\u2019re an agent acting on behalf of the estate and you\u2019re not asking for the refund to be paid into a different bank account, only put your signature on the letter.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must pay Inheritance Tax by the end of the sixth month after the person died.

    ", + "

    There are different due dates if you\u2019re making payments on a trust.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay by the due date.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get a payment reference number before you can pay your Inheritance Tax bill.

    ", + "

    Pay from your own bank account

    ", + "

    You can pay from your own bank account or a joint account with the deceased:

    ", + "
  • using online or telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • using CHAPS or Bacs
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    You currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by cheque because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can claim the money back from the deceased\u2019s estate or the beneficiaries once you get a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Pay from accounts owned by the deceased

    ", + "

    You can pay using the deceased\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • bank accounts - including National Savings and Investments (NS&I) accounts
    • ", + "
  • government stock
    • ", + "

    If you do not know how much to pay

    ", + "

    You can make payments before you know the exact amount of Inheritance Tax owed by the deceased person\u2019s estate. These are known as \u2018payments on account\u2019.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    HMRC do not send receipts for each payment you make. They\u2019ll write to tell you when you\u2019ve paid all the Inheritance Tax and interest you owe.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid through your own bank or building society, check your statement to confirm the payment has left your account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020

    ", + "

    Ask your bank if your cheque to HMRC has been cashed. If it has not been cashed, you should cancel the cheque and pay HMRC a different way.

    ", + "

    Get a payment reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get an Inheritance Tax reference number from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) at least 3 weeks before you make a payment.

    ", + "

    You can apply for one:

    ", + "
  • online (unless you need it for a trust)
    • ", + "
  • by post - using form IHT422, Application for an Inheritance Tax reference (the address you need is on the form)
    • ", + "

    Do not use the 15-digit number from the online Inheritance Tax service to report an estate\u2019s value.

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    You can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    You can pay by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking), CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001136 | HMRC Inheritance Tax", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your Inheritance Tax payment reference number as the payment reference.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB66BARC20114763495590 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Inheritance Tax", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    You can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.

    ", + "

    Please complete one of your bank\u2019s paying in slips with the following HMRC bank account details:

    ", + "

    Sort code 25 61 21\nAccount number 63495590\nAccount name HM Revenue & Customs Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    Some branches might be closed at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write the name of the deceased and your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the letter HMRC sent you.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account, if you pay between Monday and Friday.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can still pay:

    ", + "
  • using online or telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • using CHAPS or Bacs
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    From the deceased's bank account

    ", + "

    You can ask banks, building societies or National Savings & Investments (NS&I) to pay some or all of the Inheritance Tax due from the deceased person\u2019s accounts to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is called the \u2018Direct Payment Scheme\u2019.

    ", + "
  • Ask the bank, building society or NS&I to make you a \u2018personal representative\u2019 - each one will do this in a different way. You can do this before you apply for a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is known as confirmation in Scotland.
    • ", + "
  • Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in form IHT423 and send it to the bank, building society or NS&I. Send a separate form for each account you want to pay HMRC from.
    • ", + "
  • Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT 400, Probate Summary form IHT421, (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) and any supplementary pages or supporting documents to HMRC.
    • ", + "

    When the bank, building society or NS&I has made the payment, HMRC will stamp and return Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) so you know the Inheritance Tax has been paid.

    ", + "

    Using British government stock

    ", + "

    Write to Computershare Investor Services, who run the British government stock scheme.

    ", + "

    Tell them you want to pay Inheritance Tax and how much of the stock you want to use. Enclose a copy of the death certificate and the stock reference number (if you have it).

    ", + "

    At the same time, send HMRC:

    ", + "
  • a letter saying how much tax you want to be paid out of the stock
    • ", + "
  • Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 - you\u2019ll need to put your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the form
    • ", + "
  • Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland)
    • ", + "

    HMRC will contact Computershare and ask for the money to be transferred. This could take up to 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    Do not pay this way if you need to get probate (known as \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland) quickly. (Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.)

    ", + "

    After the money has been transferred

    ", + "

    In England, Wales or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    HMRC will send your IHT421 form to the Probate Registry so they can send a grant of representation to you (if you\u2019re handling probate yourself) or to your solicitor.

    ", + "

    In Scotland

    ", + "

    HMRC will return your C1 Confirmation form to you so you can apply for confirmation.

    ", + "

    If the amount transferred is not enough to cover the Inheritance Tax you owe, HMRC will write to tell you how much to pay and how to pay it.

    ", + "

    By transferring national heritage property

    ", + "

    In very exceptional cases you may be able to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown.

    ", + "

    National heritage property may include:

    ", + "
  • buildings or land of historic, architectural, scenic or scientific interest
    • ", + "
  • artworks, books and manuscripts or scientific collections of historic, scenic or scientific interest
    • ", + "

    Offers to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown are dealt with on an individual basis.

    ", + "

    Contact the HMRC Heritage team for information on making an offer.

    ", + "

    If your offer is accepted

    ", + "

    Even if your offer\u2019s accepted, you must first pay all of the Inheritance Tax you owe through other means and have a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Once your property has been transferred HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will repay the Inheritance Tax you\u2019ve paid.

    ", + "

    In yearly instalments

    ", + "

    You can pay your Inheritance Tax on things that may take time to sell in equal annual instalments over 10 years.

    ", + "

    You must say on Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 if you want to pay in instalments.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay interest on your instalments. Use the calculator to work out the interest you\u2019ll need to pay.

    ", + "

    You must pay the tax in full when you\u2019ve sold the deceased\u2019s assets, such as their house or shares.

    ", + "

    When you must pay

    ", + "

    The first instalment is due at the end of the sixth month after the death (for example if they died on 12 January, you\u2019d have to pay by 31 July). This is known as the \u2018due date\u2019. Payments are then due every year on that date.

    ", + "

    Paying early

    ", + "

    You can pay off the full tax and interest at any time. Write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Trusts and Estates asking for a final assessment (you do not have to include payment).

    ", + "

    What you pay interest on

    ", + "

    You will not pay any interest on the first instalment unless you pay late. On each later instalment you must pay interest on both of the following:

    ", + "
  • the full outstanding tax balance
    • ", + "
  • the instalment itself, from the date it\u2019s due to the date of payment (if it\u2019s paid late)
    • ", + "

    What you can pay in instalments

    ", + "

    Houses

    ", + "

    You can pay 10% and the interest each year if you decide to keep the house to live in.

    ", + "

    Shares and securities

    ", + "

    You can pay in instalments if the shares or securities allowed the deceased to control more than 50% of a company.

    ", + "

    Unlisted shares and securities

    ", + "

    You can pay in instalments for \u2018unlisted\u2019 shares or securities (ones not traded on a recognised stock exchange) if they\u2019re worth more than \u00a320,000 and either of these apply:

    ", + "
  • they represent 10% of the total value of the shares in the company, at the price they were first sold at (known as the \u2018nominal\u2019 value or \u2018face value\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • they represent 10% of the total value of ordinary shares held in the company, at the price they were first sold at
    • ", + "

    You can find the face value of a share and whether it\u2019s an ordinary share on the share certificate.

    ", + "

    You can also pay in instalments if either of these apply:

    ", + "
  • at least 20% of the total Inheritance Tax the estate owes is on assets that qualify for payment by instalments
    • ", + "
  • paying Inheritance Tax on them in one lump sum will cause financial difficulties
    • ", + "

    Business run for profit

    ", + "

    You can pay in instalments on the net value of a business, but not its assets.

    ", + "

    Agricultural land and property

    ", + "

    This is rare because most agricultural land and property is exempt from Inheritance Tax.

    ", + "

    Gifts

    ", + "

    You can pay in instalments if there is still Inheritance Tax to pay and you were given:

    ", + "
  • buildings
    • ", + "
  • shares or securities
    • ", + "
  • part or all of a business
    • ", + "

    If the gift was an unlisted share or security, it must still have been unlisted at the time of the death.

    ", + "

    Trusts

    ", + "
  • Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number at least 3 weeks before you want to make a payment by filling in Form IHT122.
    • ", + "
  • Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT100 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).
    • ", + "
  • Pay the Inheritance Tax, either through a bank or building society or by cheque through the post.
    • ", + "

    Payment deadlines

    ", + "

    Transfers

    ", + "

    You must pay Inheritance Tax on transfers into a trust or out of a trust (known as \u2018exit charges\u2019) no later than 6 months after the end of the month the transfer was made.

    ", + "

    10-year anniversary charge

    ", + "

    The 10-year anniversary charge can be paid up to 6 months after the 10th anniversary of the date the trust was set up.

    ", + "

    Pay early to avoid paying interest

    ", + "

    You can make early Inheritance Tax payments before you know the exact amount the estate owes (this is known as a \u2018payment on account\u2019).

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay all the tax the estate owes by the due date. If you will not know how much Inheritance Tax the estate owes by the time the payment is due, a payment on account can help you avoid some of the interest.

    ", + "

    If you overpay

    ", + "

    If you pay more money than the final bill says the estate owes, HMRC will refund the excess after you\u2019ve been given probate (confirmation in Scotland). Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.

    ", + "

    HMRC will also pay interest on the amount you\u2019ve overpaid.

    ", + "

    To receive the refund, you\u2019ll need to write to HMRC.

    ", + "

    Put \u2018Repayment - further details\u2019 at the top of the letter.

    ", + "

    Include the name, number and sort code of the bank account you want the refund to go to.

    ", + "

    The letter must be signed by the same people who signed forms IHT400 and IHT100 if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying without the help of a solicitor or agent
    • ", + "
  • the refund is being paid into a different bank account to the one nominated in IHT400 or IHT100
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an agent acting on behalf of the estate and you\u2019re not asking for the refund to be paid into a different bank account, only put your signature on the letter.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/business-relief-inheritance-tax": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/business-relief-inheritance-tax", + "title": "Business Relief for Inheritance Tax", + "content": "## Overview\n\nBusiness Relief reduces the value of a business or its assets when working out how much Inheritance Tax has to be paid.\n\nAny ownership of a business, or share of a business, is included in the estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.\n\nYou can get Business Relief of either 50% or 100% on some of an estate\u2019s business assets, which can be passed on:\n\n- while the owner is still alive\n\n- as part of the will\n\n## How to claim relief\n\nAs the executor of the will or administrator of the estate, you can claim Business Relief when you\u2019re valuing the estate.\n\nYou should fill in both:\n\n- form IHT400 (Inheritance Tax account)\n\n- schedule IHT413 (Business or partnership interests and assets)\n\nYou must use the market value of the business or asset when calculating relief at 50%.\n\nYou can claim relief on:\n\n- property and buildings\n\n- unlisted shares\n\n- machinery\n\n## What qualifies for Business Relief\n\nYou can get 100% Business Relief on:\n\n- a business or interest in a business\n\n- shares in an unlisted company\n\nYou can get 50% Business Relief on:\n\n- shares controlling more than 50% of the voting rights in a listed company\n\n- land, buildings or machinery owned by the deceased and used in a business they were a partner in or controlled\n\n- land, buildings or machinery used in the business and held in a trust that it has the right to benefit from\n\nYou can only get relief if the deceased owned the business or asset for at least 2 years before they died.\n\n## What doesn\u2019t qualify for Business Relief\n\nYou can\u2019t claim Business Relief if the company:\n\n- mainly deals with securities, stocks or shares, land or buildings, or in making or holding investments\n\n- is a not-for-profit organisation\n\n- is being sold, unless the sale is to a company that will carry on the business and the estate will be paid mainly in shares of that company\n\n- is being wound up, unless this is part of a process to allow the business of the company to carry on\n\nYou can\u2019t claim Business Relief on an asset if it:\n\n- also qualifies for Agricultural Relief\n\n- wasn\u2019t used mainly for business in the 2 years before it was either passed on as a gift or as part of the will\n\n- isn\u2019t needed for future use in the business\n\nIf part of a non-qualifying asset is used in the business, that part might qualify for Business Relief.\n\n## Relief for agricultural property\n\nYou may be able to get Business Relief on a transfer of agricultural property (eg farmland, buildings or farm equipment) which isn\u2019t eligible for agricultural relief.\n\n## Give away business property or assets\n\nSomeone can give away business property or assets while they\u2019re still alive and the estate can still get Business Relief on Inheritance Tax, as long as the property or assets qualify.\n\n## How to get Business Relief on a gift\n\nIf someone gives away business property or assets, the recipient must keep them as a going concern until the death of the donor if they want to keep the relief.\n\nThey can:\n\n- replace the property or assets - like machinery - with something of equal value if it\u2019s for use in the business\n\n- only get relief if the donor owned the business or asset for at least 2 years before the date it was given\n\n## When is a gift no longer liable for Inheritance Tax\n\nAny gift made more than 7 years before the donor\u2019s death doesn\u2019t count towards their estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax or Income Tax if you sell, give away or exchange (\u2018dispose of\u2019) an asset or property if it\u2019s gone up in value during the time you owned it.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Business Relief reduces the value of a business or its assets when working out how much Inheritance Tax has to be paid.

    ", + "

    Any ownership of a business, or share of a business, is included in the estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.

    ", + "

    You can get Business Relief of either 50% or 100% on some of an estate\u2019s business assets, which can be passed on:

    ", + "
  • while the owner is still alive
    • ", + "
  • as part of the will
    • ", + "

    How to claim relief

    ", + "

    As the executor of the will or administrator of the estate, you can claim Business Relief when you\u2019re valuing the estate.

    ", + "

    You should fill in both:

    ", + "
  • form IHT400 (Inheritance Tax account)
    • ", + "
  • schedule IHT413 (Business or partnership interests and assets)
    • ", + "

    You must use the market value of the business or asset when calculating relief at 50%.

    ", + "

    You can claim relief on:

    ", + "
  • property and buildings
    • ", + "
  • unlisted shares
    • ", + "
  • machinery
    • ", + "

    What qualifies for Business Relief

    ", + "

    You can get 100% Business Relief on:

    ", + "
  • a business or interest in a business
    • ", + "
  • shares in an unlisted company
    • ", + "

    You can get 50% Business Relief on:

    ", + "
  • shares controlling more than 50% of the voting rights in a listed company
    • ", + "
  • land, buildings or machinery owned by the deceased and used in a business they were a partner in or controlled
    • ", + "
  • land, buildings or machinery used in the business and held in a trust that it has the right to benefit from
    • ", + "

    You can only get relief if the deceased owned the business or asset for at least 2 years before they died.

    ", + "

    What doesn\u2019t qualify for Business Relief

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim Business Relief if the company:

    ", + "
  • mainly deals with securities, stocks or shares, land or buildings, or in making or holding investments
    • ", + "
  • is a not-for-profit organisation
    • ", + "
  • is being sold, unless the sale is to a company that will carry on the business and the estate will be paid mainly in shares of that company
    • ", + "
  • is being wound up, unless this is part of a process to allow the business of the company to carry on
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim Business Relief on an asset if it:

    ", + "
  • also qualifies for Agricultural Relief
    • ", + "
  • wasn\u2019t used mainly for business in the 2 years before it was either passed on as a gift or as part of the will
    • ", + "
  • isn\u2019t needed for future use in the business
    • ", + "

    If part of a non-qualifying asset is used in the business, that part might qualify for Business Relief.

    ", + "

    Relief for agricultural property

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Business Relief on a transfer of agricultural property (eg farmland, buildings or farm equipment) which isn\u2019t eligible for agricultural relief.

    ", + "

    Give away business property or assets

    ", + "

    Someone can give away business property or assets while they\u2019re still alive and the estate can still get Business Relief on Inheritance Tax, as long as the property or assets qualify.

    ", + "

    How to get Business Relief on a gift

    ", + "

    If someone gives away business property or assets, the recipient must keep them as a going concern until the death of the donor if they want to keep the relief.

    ", + "

    They can:

    ", + "
  • replace the property or assets - like machinery - with something of equal value if it\u2019s for use in the business
    • ", + "
  • only get relief if the donor owned the business or asset for at least 2 years before the date it was given
    • ", + "

    When is a gift no longer liable for Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    Any gift made more than 7 years before the donor\u2019s death doesn\u2019t count towards their estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax or Income Tax if you sell, give away or exchange (\u2018dispose of\u2019) an asset or property if it\u2019s gone up in value during the time you owned it.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-property-money-shares-you-inherit": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-property-money-shares-you-inherit", + "title": "Tax on property, money and shares you inherit", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou don\u2019t usually pay tax on anything you inherit at the time you inherit it.\n\nYou may need to pay:\n\n- Income Tax on profit you later earn from your inheritance, eg dividends from shares or rental income from a property\n\n- Capital Gains Tax if you later sell shares or a property you inherited\n\n- Inheritance Tax\n\n## Inheritance Tax\n\nThe estate of the person who died usually pays Inheritance Tax. You may need to pay Inheritance Tax if the estate can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay it.\n\nYou may need to pay Inheritance Tax on a gift the person gave you in the 7 years before they died.\n\nYou may also need to pay it if your inheritance is put into a trust and the trust can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay.\n\nIf the will says the Inheritance Tax should be paid out of the assets you\u2019ve inherited, the executor of the will or administrator of the estate will usually pay it.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will contact you if you need to pay.\n\n## Money and shares\n\nIn most cases you don\u2019t pay any tax on money and shares when you inherit them.\n\n## Inheritance Tax\n\nYou may have to pay Inheritance Tax on money and shares you inherit if the deceased person\u2019s estate can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will contact you if you need to pay.\n\nAny money or shares the person gave you before they died are known as gifts and have different rules.\n\n## Income Tax\n\nYou may have to pay Income Tax on:\n\n- interest you earn from money you inherit\n\n- dividends paid on shares you inherit\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell (\u2018dispose of\u2019) inherited shares that have gone up in value since the person died.\n\n## Property\n\nYou don\u2019t pay Stamp Duty, Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax on a property you inherit when you inherit it.\n\nYou may have to pay Inheritance Tax if the deceased\u2019s estate can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay it.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will contact you if you need to pay.\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland.\n\n## Selling the property\n\nYou don\u2019t pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your home. You do pay it if you make a profit when you sell a property that isn\u2019t your main home.\n\nIf inheriting a property means you own 2 homes, you\u2019ll have to nominate one of them as your main home. You must tell HMRC which property is your main home within 2 years of inheriting the property.\n\nIf you don\u2019t tell HMRC and you sell one of the properties, they\u2019ll decide which property was your main home.\n\n## Renting out the property\n\nYou may have to pay tax on the rental income.\n\n## Properties held in trust\n\nUsually if you inherit property held in a trust, you are the \u2018beneficiary\u2019 and the trustees are the legal owners and responsible for paying tax on income the trust receives.\n\nYou may still have to pay tax on any income you receive from the trust.\n\n## Bare trusts\n\nIf the trust is a \u2018bare trust\u2019 you are both the beneficiary and the legal owner and are responsible for paying tax on income the trust receives.\n\n## Joint property, shares and bank accounts\n\nIn most cases, you don\u2019t have to pay any Stamp Duty or tax when you inherit property, shares or the money in joint bank accounts you owned with the deceased.\n\n## Inheritance Tax\n\nWhat you pay will depend on how you owned the shares or property or how your bank accounts were set up.\n\nIf you and the deceased jointly owned the assets, you\u2019ll be known as \u2018joint tenants\u2019 (\u2018joint owners\u2019 in Scotland).\n\nIf you each owned a part of the assets, you\u2019ll be known as \u2018tenants in common\u2019 (\u2018common owners\u2019 in Scotland and \u2018coparceners\u2019 in Northern Ireland). Each part could be half or an agreed percentage of the money, shares or property.\n\nCheck with your bank if you\u2019re not sure how the money in your account(s) was divided up.\n\n## Joint tenants\n\nYou automatically inherit anything you owned as \u2018joint tenants\u2019.\n\nYou may have to pay Inheritance Tax if the whole of the deceased\u2019s estate (all their money, property and possessions) is worth more than the Inheritance Tax threshold of \u00a3325,000 and the deceased\u2019s estate can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay.\n\n## Tenants in common\n\nYou may have to pay Inheritance Tax on the deceased\u2019s share of the money in bank accounts, shares or property if the whole of their estate (money, property and possessions) is worth more than the Inheritance Tax threshold of \u00a3325,000.\n\nIf the deceased left you their share of the money, shares or property in their will, the executor of the will or administrator of their estate should pay the Inheritance Tax out of the estate.\n\nBut if the estate doesn\u2019t have enough money to pay the Inheritance Tax on the deceased\u2019s share of the assets, or the executor doesn\u2019t pay, you\u2019ll have to pay it. You may have to sell the shares or property to pay the tax and any other debts.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will contact you if you need to pay.\n\nYou may have to tell the Land Registry about the death of one of the property\u2019s owners.\n\n## Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou may have to pay other taxes on anything you earn or profits you make from:\n\n- bank interest\n\n- share dividends\n\n- property", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t usually pay tax on anything you inherit at the time you inherit it.

    ", + "

    You may need to pay:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax on profit you later earn from your inheritance, eg dividends from shares or rental income from a property
    • ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax if you later sell shares or a property you inherited
    • ", + "
  • Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "

    Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    The estate of the person who died usually pays Inheritance Tax. You may need to pay Inheritance Tax if the estate can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay it.

    ", + "

    You may need to pay Inheritance Tax on a gift the person gave you in the 7 years before they died.

    ", + "

    You may also need to pay it if your inheritance is put into a trust and the trust can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay.

    ", + "

    If the will says the Inheritance Tax should be paid out of the assets you\u2019ve inherited, the executor of the will or administrator of the estate will usually pay it.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will contact you if you need to pay.

    ", + "

    Money and shares

    ", + "

    In most cases you don\u2019t pay any tax on money and shares when you inherit them.

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Inheritance Tax on money and shares you inherit if the deceased person\u2019s estate can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will contact you if you need to pay.

    ", + "

    Any money or shares the person gave you before they died are known as gifts and have different rules.

    ", + "

    Income Tax

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Income Tax on:

    ", + "
  • interest you earn from money you inherit
    • ", + "
  • dividends paid on shares you inherit
    • ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell (\u2018dispose of\u2019) inherited shares that have gone up in value since the person died.

    ", + "

    Property

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t pay Stamp Duty, Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax on a property you inherit when you inherit it.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Inheritance Tax if the deceased\u2019s estate can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay it.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will contact you if you need to pay.

    ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Selling the property

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your home. You do pay it if you make a profit when you sell a property that isn\u2019t your main home.

    ", + "

    If inheriting a property means you own 2 homes, you\u2019ll have to nominate one of them as your main home. You must tell HMRC which property is your main home within 2 years of inheriting the property.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t tell HMRC and you sell one of the properties, they\u2019ll decide which property was your main home.

    ", + "

    Renting out the property

    ", + "

    You may have to pay tax on the rental income.

    ", + "

    Properties held in trust

    ", + "

    Usually if you inherit property held in a trust, you are the \u2018beneficiary\u2019 and the trustees are the legal owners and responsible for paying tax on income the trust receives.

    ", + "

    You may still have to pay tax on any income you receive from the trust.

    ", + "

    Bare trusts

    ", + "

    If the trust is a \u2018bare trust\u2019 you are both the beneficiary and the legal owner and are responsible for paying tax on income the trust receives.

    ", + "

    Joint property, shares and bank accounts

    ", + "

    In most cases, you don\u2019t have to pay any Stamp Duty or tax when you inherit property, shares or the money in joint bank accounts you owned with the deceased.

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    What you pay will depend on how you owned the shares or property or how your bank accounts were set up.

    ", + "

    If you and the deceased jointly owned the assets, you\u2019ll be known as \u2018joint tenants\u2019 (\u2018joint owners\u2019 in Scotland).

    ", + "

    If you each owned a part of the assets, you\u2019ll be known as \u2018tenants in common\u2019 (\u2018common owners\u2019 in Scotland and \u2018coparceners\u2019 in Northern Ireland). Each part could be half or an agreed percentage of the money, shares or property.

    ", + "

    Check with your bank if you\u2019re not sure how the money in your account(s) was divided up.

    ", + "

    Joint tenants

    ", + "

    You automatically inherit anything you owned as \u2018joint tenants\u2019.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Inheritance Tax if the whole of the deceased\u2019s estate (all their money, property and possessions) is worth more than the Inheritance Tax threshold of \u00a3325,000 and the deceased\u2019s estate can\u2019t or doesn\u2019t pay.

    ", + "

    Tenants in common

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Inheritance Tax on the deceased\u2019s share of the money in bank accounts, shares or property if the whole of their estate (money, property and possessions) is worth more than the Inheritance Tax threshold of \u00a3325,000.

    ", + "

    If the deceased left you their share of the money, shares or property in their will, the executor of the will or administrator of their estate should pay the Inheritance Tax out of the estate.

    ", + "

    But if the estate doesn\u2019t have enough money to pay the Inheritance Tax on the deceased\u2019s share of the assets, or the executor doesn\u2019t pay, you\u2019ll have to pay it. You may have to sell the shares or property to pay the tax and any other debts.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will contact you if you need to pay.

    ", + "

    You may have to tell the Land Registry about the death of one of the property\u2019s owners.

    ", + "

    Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You may have to pay other taxes on anything you earn or profits you make from:

    ", + "
  • bank interest
    • ", + "
  • share dividends
    • ", + "
  • property
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/apply-special-guardian": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-special-guardian", + "title": "Become a special guardian", + "content": "## What is a special guardian\n\nYou can apply to be a child\u2019s special guardian when they cannot live with their birth parents and adoption is not right for them.\n\nYou\u2019ll be responsible for looking after the child until they\u2019re 18 (unless the court takes your responsibility away earlier).\n\nYou\u2019ll make all day to day decisions about the child, for example schooling and medical treatment. You do not have to discuss these decisions with the birth parents.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get the consent of everyone who has parental responsibility for the child before you make some important decisions, for example:\n\n- changing the child\u2019s surname\n\n- putting the child up for adoption\n\n- taking the child abroad for more than 3 months\n\n- the child having surgery for reasons other than improving health, such as circumcision, sterilisation or cosmetic surgery\n\nIf you cannot get consent, you can ask the court to decide. Use the form \u2018Make an application in existing court proceedings related to children\u2019 (form C2).\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply to be a child\u2019s special guardian if you\u2019re not their parent and you\u2019re over 18.\n\nYou can make an application with someone else. This is known as a joint claim.\n\nYou and anyone you\u2019re applying with can apply if:\n\n- you\u2019re already the child\u2019s legal guardian\n\n- the child lives with you because of a child arrangements order\n\n- the child has lived with you for 3 of the past 5 years\n\n- you\u2019re the child\u2019s relative or a foster parent, and the child has been living with you for at least 1 year\n\n- you have the agreement of anyone named in a child arrangements order as someone who the child will live with\n\n- you have the agreement of all the people with parental responsibility for the child\n\n- you have the agreement of the local council, if the child is in care\n\nIf you do not fit one of these descriptions, you\u2019ll need to ask the court\u2019s permission to apply. You\u2019ll need to send the following forms to your local family court:\n\n- \u2018Make an application in existing court proceedings relating to children\u2019 (form C2)\n\n- \u2018Family mediation and assessment meeting\u2019 (form FM1)\n\n## Apply\n\nYou can use a family mediator to help make arrangements with the child\u2019s family to avoid having to apply to the court.\n\nIt costs \u00a3215 to apply to the court. You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\n## Before you apply\n\nThree months before you apply to become a special guardian you need to tell your local council in writing that you plan to make an application.\n\nYou also need to tell anyone named in existing court proceedings or orders about the child that you plan to make an application.\n\n## Applying to the court\n\nFill in these forms and send them to your local family court:\n\n- an \u2018Application for an order\u2019 (form C1)\n\n- a supporting statement (form C13A)\n\n- a \u2018Family mediation information and assessment meeting\u2019 form (FM1) to show you\u2019ve been through mediation or why you could not go\n\nMake copies of your completed forms before you send your application to the court. You\u2019ll need to send these copies to each person affected by the application after you apply.\n\nFind your local family court.\n\n## If you want to keep your details private\n\nYou can apply to keep your and the child\u2019s contact details private throughout the court proceedings.\n\nFill in \u2018Apply to keep your contact details confidential from other parties in family proceedings\u2019 (form C8) and send it with your application.\n\n## After you apply\n\nWithin 10 days of receiving your application the court will send you a case number and a date for a meeting to set out:\n\n- a timetable for your case\n\n- how it will be dealt with\n\nThis meeting is called a \u2018first directions hearing\u2019.\n\nYou must go to all hearings you\u2019re told to unless the court excuses you. If you\u2019re not able to go, contact the court office.\n\n## Contact people in the child\u2019s life\n\nYou must send the date and location of the hearing along with copies of your application to everyone with parental responsibility for the child.\n\nIf there is a current care order about the child, you should also send details of the hearing and copies of your application to:\n\n- everyone you believe had parental responsibility before the current court-made care order\n\n- the court-appointed Cafcass children\u2019s guardian\n\nYou must also tell the following people and organisations that you\u2019ve applied:\n\n- the children\u2019s services department of your local council or the council local to where the child is staying, if that is different\n\n- everyone who cares for the child\n\n- the home where the child stays if it is a registered children\u2019s home or a voluntary home and it is a refuge\n\n- everyone the child has lived with for at least 3 years before you made the application\n\n- anyone else named in a current court order\n\n- anyone involved in any other ongoing proceedings that might be affected by your application\n\n## The final hearing\n\nThe court will decide if a special guardianship order is in the best interests of the child after looking at all the evidence, and in some cases, hearing from witnesses.\n\nIf the court agrees, they will send the final order to you and the other people involved in the case, including the birth parents.\n\n## Financial help for special guardians\n\nYou might be able to get a special guardian allowance from the children\u2019s services department of your local council.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What is a special guardian

    ", + "

    You can apply to be a child\u2019s special guardian when they cannot live with their birth parents and adoption is not right for them.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be responsible for looking after the child until they\u2019re 18 (unless the court takes your responsibility away earlier).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll make all day to day decisions about the child, for example schooling and medical treatment. You do not have to discuss these decisions with the birth parents.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get the consent of everyone who has parental responsibility for the child before you make some important decisions, for example:

    ", + "
  • changing the child\u2019s surname
    • ", + "
  • putting the child up for adoption
    • ", + "
  • taking the child abroad for more than 3 months
    • ", + "
  • the child having surgery for reasons other than improving health, such as circumcision, sterilisation or cosmetic surgery
    • ", + "

    If you cannot get consent, you can ask the court to decide. Use the form \u2018Make an application in existing court proceedings related to children\u2019 (form C2).

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply to be a child\u2019s special guardian if you\u2019re not their parent and you\u2019re over 18.

    ", + "

    You can make an application with someone else. This is known as a joint claim.

    ", + "

    You and anyone you\u2019re applying with can apply if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re already the child\u2019s legal guardian
    • ", + "
  • the child lives with you because of a child arrangements order
    • ", + "
  • the child has lived with you for 3 of the past 5 years
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child\u2019s relative or a foster parent, and the child has been living with you for at least 1 year
    • ", + "
  • you have the agreement of anyone named in a child arrangements order as someone who the child will live with
    • ", + "
  • you have the agreement of all the people with parental responsibility for the child
    • ", + "
  • you have the agreement of the local council, if the child is in care
    • ", + "

    If you do not fit one of these descriptions, you\u2019ll need to ask the court\u2019s permission to apply. You\u2019ll need to send the following forms to your local family court:

    ", + "
  • \u2018Make an application in existing court proceedings relating to children\u2019 (form C2)
    • ", + "
  • \u2018Family mediation and assessment meeting\u2019 (form FM1)
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You can use a family mediator to help make arrangements with the child\u2019s family to avoid having to apply to the court.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3215 to apply to the court. You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    Three months before you apply to become a special guardian you need to tell your local council in writing that you plan to make an application.

    ", + "

    You also need to tell anyone named in existing court proceedings or orders about the child that you plan to make an application.

    ", + "

    Applying to the court

    ", + "

    Fill in these forms and send them to your local family court:

    ", + "
  • an \u2018Application for an order\u2019 (form C1)
    • ", + "
  • a supporting statement (form C13A)
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018Family mediation information and assessment meeting\u2019 form (FM1) to show you\u2019ve been through mediation or why you could not go
    • ", + "

    Make copies of your completed forms before you send your application to the court. You\u2019ll need to send these copies to each person affected by the application after you apply.

    ", + "

    Find your local family court.

    ", + "

    If you want to keep your details private

    ", + "

    You can apply to keep your and the child\u2019s contact details private throughout the court proceedings.

    ", + "

    Fill in \u2018Apply to keep your contact details confidential from other parties in family proceedings\u2019 (form C8) and send it with your application.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    Within 10 days of receiving your application the court will send you a case number and a date for a meeting to set out:

    ", + "
  • a timetable for your case
    • ", + "
  • how it will be dealt with
    • ", + "

    This meeting is called a \u2018first directions hearing\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must go to all hearings you\u2019re told to unless the court excuses you. If you\u2019re not able to go, contact the court office.

    ", + "

    Contact people in the child\u2019s life

    ", + "

    You must send the date and location of the hearing along with copies of your application to everyone with parental responsibility for the child.

    ", + "

    If there is a current care order about the child, you should also send details of the hearing and copies of your application to:

    ", + "
  • everyone you believe had parental responsibility before the current court-made care order
    • ", + "
  • the court-appointed Cafcass children\u2019s guardian
    • ", + "

    You must also tell the following people and organisations that you\u2019ve applied:

    ", + "
  • the children\u2019s services department of your local council or the council local to where the child is staying, if that is different
    • ", + "
  • everyone who cares for the child
    • ", + "
  • the home where the child stays if it is a registered children\u2019s home or a voluntary home and it is a refuge
    • ", + "
  • everyone the child has lived with for at least 3 years before you made the application
    • ", + "
  • anyone else named in a current court order
    • ", + "
  • anyone involved in any other ongoing proceedings that might be affected by your application
    • ", + "

    The final hearing

    ", + "

    The court will decide if a special guardianship order is in the best interests of the child after looking at all the evidence, and in some cases, hearing from witnesses.

    ", + "

    If the court agrees, they will send the final order to you and the other people involved in the case, including the birth parents.

    ", + "

    Financial help for special guardians

    ", + "

    You might be able to get a special guardian allowance from the children\u2019s services department of your local council.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/becoming-foster-parent": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/becoming-foster-parent", + "title": "Becoming a foster parent", + "content": "## Who can foster\n\nBeing a foster parent means caring for a child as part of your family. To become a foster parent you need to be:\n\n- at least 21 years old\n\n- a UK resident or have indefinite leave to remain\n\n- able to take care of a child or young person, often on a full-time basis\n\nHow long you care for the child depends on the type of foster care. It can range from one night to many years, or until the child is an adult.\n\nIf you\u2019re already fostering a child, there\u2019s more information about help and support for foster parents.\n\nYou may be able to work and foster. Whether you can depends on the child\u2019s circumstances and the fostering service you apply to. This can be your local council or an independent fostering agency.\n\nYou do not need to own your home, but usually you\u2019ll need to have a spare bedroom.\n\nBefore you can foster, you must pass an assessment to check that you\u2019re able to care for a child. You will not be assessed on your age, ethnicity, gender, marital status, religion or sexual orientation.\n\nYou do not have a statutory right to time off work to care for foster children.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nIf you become a foster parent you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- care for the child as part of a team - this could include a local authority, schools, health professionals and the child\u2019s birth family\n\n- keep records and write reports about the foster child\n\n- attend meetings and advocate for the child\n\n- help the child manage their behaviour and feelings\n\n- attend training\n\nCall Fosterline for free to get advice on fostering. You can also read more about fostering on the Fosterline website.\n\n## Types of foster care\n\nThere are many types of foster care. The application process is the same for all types.\n\n## Long term\n\nYou foster children who cannot go back to their birth family but do not want to be adopted. Usually, you\u2019ll be their foster parent until they\u2019re an adult.\n\n## Short term\n\nYou look after children for a few weeks or months while plans are made for their future.\n\n## \u2018Family and friends\u2019 or \u2018kinship\u2019\n\nYou care for a child who you know or is part of your family - for example, your grandchild. Contact your council for information about becoming a \u2018family and friends\u2019 or \u2018kinship\u2019 carer.\n\n## Emergency\n\nYou give a child somewhere safe to stay for a few nights or weeks. This is usually unplanned and you could get less than 24 hours\u2019 notice.\n\n## Respite and short breaks\n\nYou care for children who have disabilities, special educational needs or behavioural issues while their parents or usual foster carers take a break.\n\n## Remand\n\nYou take care of young people who\u2019ve been remanded by a court. You must have specialist training to be this type of foster parent.\n\n## Fostering for adoption\n\nYou foster babies or young children who you may go on to adopt. If you\u2019re fostering for adoption you\u2019ll be entitled to adoption pay and leave from when the child comes to live with you.\n\n## Specialist therapeutic\n\nYou provide specialist therapeutic care to children and young people with complex needs or challenging behaviour. This is for experienced foster parents or those with certain skills.\n\n## Help with the cost of fostering\n\nAll foster parents receive a foster care allowance to cover the cost of caring for a child.\n\nThe minimum is usually between \u00a3134 and \u00a3235 a week. The total amount you get depends on:\n\n- where you live\n\n- which fostering service you use\n\n- the child\u2019s age\n\n- if the child has specific needs\n\n- your skills and experience\n\nThe fostering service you apply to will tell you how much you can get.\n\nThere\u2019s more information about financial help in the guide for foster parents.\n\n## Tax arrangements when you foster\n\nWhen you start fostering, you\u2019ll need to register as self-employed and file tax returns.\n\nYou\u2019ll also be entitled to qualifying care relief which means you\u2019ll:\n\n- earn \u00a310,000 from fostering before you have to pay tax\n\n- get tax relief for every week you foster a child\n\nThere\u2019s more information about paying tax in the guide for foster parents.\n\n## Claiming benefits\n\nBeing a foster parent can affect the benefits you get. If you\u2019re claiming benefits you\u2019ll need to tell the organisation that pays you that you\u2019re also getting foster care allowance.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to check what benefits you\u2019re eligible for.\n\nFor more help on how your benefits may change, contact:\n\n- the organisation that pays you\n\n- Fosterline - a free fostering advice service\n\n## Applying to become a foster parent\n\nThe process starts when you apply to become a foster parent and finishes with a decision from the fostering service. The process can take up to 8 months to complete.\n\nSteps 2 to 6 might happen in a different order.\n\n- You apply to become a foster parent through your local council or an independent fostering agency. You can only register with one fostering service.\n\n- The council or agency asks you to go to a preparation course on fostering.\n\n- You and every adult that lives with you will need to get an enhanced Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) certificate.\n\n- A social worker assesses you and your family to check that you\u2019re able to care for a child.\n\n- You state any preferences about the children you\u2019ll care for, like age or gender. You cannot choose a child out of a group of children and you do not get a trial period with a foster child.\n\n- The fostering service reviews your application. You\u2019ll need to meet with their panel who will make a recommendation.\n\n- The fostering service makes a decision on your application.\n\n## Your fostering assessment\n\nBefore you can foster a child you must pass an assessment by a social worker.\n\nAssessments have 2 stages that might be done separately or at the same time.\n\n## Stage 1 - practical information about your circumstances\n\nA social worker will ask questions to assess if fostering is right for you. They will ask:\n\n- about the property you live in and any pets you have\n\n- for your personal information including your relationship history\n\n- about your general level of health (you\u2019ll need to get a medical statement, usually from a GP)\n\n- if you or anyone in your home has ever applied to foster, adopt, or become a childminder\n\n- about who else is living with you, including other children\n\n- about children in the family who do not live with you\n\n- for the names and addresses of at least 2 people who can give references for you and every adult who lives with you (they do not have to be the same 2 people for everyone)\n\nThey can ask for more information or run other checks.\n\n## Stage 2 - detailed information about you and your family\n\nA social worker will ask more questions so that they can get to know you and your family. They will ask:\n\n- about your personality\n\n- if you have religious beliefs\n\n- for your ethnicity, cultural background and what languages you speak\n\n- if you\u2019re willing and able to care for a child of a different religion, ethnicity or cultural background\n\n- for your employment history and about your standard of living\n\n- about your hobbies and interests\n\n- if you have ever cared for children\n\n- if you have any useful skills relevant to fostering\n\n## Where you\u2019ll be assessed\n\nDifferent fostering services assess you in different ways, for example they could:\n\n- visit you at home\n\n- call you\n\n- invite you to meetings\n\n## After you've applied\n\nThe fostering service will contact you to tell you the result of your application.\n\nIf you\u2019re approved you\u2019ll start training and meet your social workers.\n\nIf you\u2019re not approved you can appeal the decision. The fostering service should also tell you the reasons why you were not approved.\n\n## Once you\u2019re approved\n\nThe fostering service will add you to their list of available foster parents.\n\nThey\u2019ll send you a profile of any child they think is a good fit. Once you\u2019ve let the fostering service know if you\u2019d like to foster the child, they\u2019ll tell if you\u2019ve been chosen.\n\nIn some cases you\u2019ll get to meet the child before they come to live with you. You might not if it\u2019s an emergency placement.\n\nYou\u2019ll get training and support throughout the time you\u2019re fostering.\n\nYou have the right to end a placement by giving 28 days\u2019 notice.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Who can foster

    ", + "

    Being a foster parent means caring for a child as part of your family. To become a foster parent you need to be:

    ", + "
  • at least 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • a UK resident or have indefinite leave to remain
    • ", + "
  • able to take care of a child or young person, often on a full-time basis
    • ", + "

    How long you care for the child depends on the type of foster care. It can range from one night to many years, or until the child is an adult.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already fostering a child, there\u2019s more information about help and support for foster parents.

    ", + "

    You may be able to work and foster. Whether you can depends on the child\u2019s circumstances and the fostering service you apply to. This can be your local council or an independent fostering agency.

    ", + "

    You do not need to own your home, but usually you\u2019ll need to have a spare bedroom.

    ", + "

    Before you can foster, you must pass an assessment to check that you\u2019re able to care for a child. You will not be assessed on your age, ethnicity, gender, marital status, religion or sexual orientation.

    ", + "

    You do not have a statutory right to time off work to care for foster children.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    If you become a foster parent you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • care for the child as part of a team - this could include a local authority, schools, health professionals and the child\u2019s birth family
    • ", + "
  • keep records and write reports about the foster child
    • ", + "
  • attend meetings and advocate for the child
    • ", + "
  • help the child manage their behaviour and feelings
    • ", + "
  • attend training
    • ", + "

    Call Fosterline for free to get advice on fostering. You can also read more about fostering on the Fosterline website.

    ", + "

    Types of foster care

    ", + "

    There are many types of foster care. The application process is the same for all types.

    ", + "

    Long term

    ", + "

    You foster children who cannot go back to their birth family but do not want to be adopted. Usually, you\u2019ll be their foster parent until they\u2019re an adult.

    ", + "

    Short term

    ", + "

    You look after children for a few weeks or months while plans are made for their future.

    ", + "

    \u2018Family and friends\u2019 or \u2018kinship\u2019

    ", + "

    You care for a child who you know or is part of your family - for example, your grandchild. Contact your council for information about becoming a \u2018family and friends\u2019 or \u2018kinship\u2019 carer.

    ", + "

    Emergency

    ", + "

    You give a child somewhere safe to stay for a few nights or weeks. This is usually unplanned and you could get less than 24 hours\u2019 notice.

    ", + "

    Respite and short breaks

    ", + "

    You care for children who have disabilities, special educational needs or behavioural issues while their parents or usual foster carers take a break.

    ", + "

    Remand

    ", + "

    You take care of young people who\u2019ve been remanded by a court. You must have specialist training to be this type of foster parent.

    ", + "

    Fostering for adoption

    ", + "

    You foster babies or young children who you may go on to adopt. If you\u2019re fostering for adoption you\u2019ll be entitled to adoption pay and leave from when the child comes to live with you.

    ", + "

    Specialist therapeutic

    ", + "

    You provide specialist therapeutic care to children and young people with complex needs or challenging behaviour. This is for experienced foster parents or those with certain skills.

    ", + "

    Help with the cost of fostering

    ", + "

    All foster parents receive a foster care allowance to cover the cost of caring for a child.

    ", + "

    The minimum is usually between \u00a3134 and \u00a3235 a week. The total amount you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • where you live
    • ", + "
  • which fostering service you use
    • ", + "
  • the child\u2019s age
    • ", + "
  • if the child has specific needs
    • ", + "
  • your skills and experience
    • ", + "

    The fostering service you apply to will tell you how much you can get.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more information about financial help in the guide for foster parents.

    ", + "

    Tax arrangements when you foster

    ", + "

    When you start fostering, you\u2019ll need to register as self-employed and file tax returns.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be entitled to qualifying care relief which means you\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • earn \u00a310,000 from fostering before you have to pay tax
    • ", + "
  • get tax relief for every week you foster a child
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s more information about paying tax in the guide for foster parents.

    ", + "

    Claiming benefits

    ", + "

    Being a foster parent can affect the benefits you get. If you\u2019re claiming benefits you\u2019ll need to tell the organisation that pays you that you\u2019re also getting foster care allowance.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to check what benefits you\u2019re eligible for.

    ", + "

    For more help on how your benefits may change, contact:

    ", + "
  • the organisation that pays you
    • ", + "
  • Fosterline - a free fostering advice service
    • ", + "

    Applying to become a foster parent

    ", + "

    The process starts when you apply to become a foster parent and finishes with a decision from the fostering service. The process can take up to 8 months to complete.

    ", + "

    Steps 2 to 6 might happen in a different order.

    ", + "
  • You apply to become a foster parent through your local council or an independent fostering agency. You can only register with one fostering service.
    • ", + "
  • The council or agency asks you to go to a preparation course on fostering.
    • ", + "
  • You and every adult that lives with you will need to get an enhanced Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) certificate.
    • ", + "
  • A social worker assesses you and your family to check that you\u2019re able to care for a child.
    • ", + "
  • You state any preferences about the children you\u2019ll care for, like age or gender. You cannot choose a child out of a group of children and you do not get a trial period with a foster child.
    • ", + "
  • The fostering service reviews your application. You\u2019ll need to meet with their panel who will make a recommendation.
    • ", + "
  • The fostering service makes a decision on your application.
    • ", + "

    Your fostering assessment

    ", + "

    Before you can foster a child you must pass an assessment by a social worker.

    ", + "

    Assessments have 2 stages that might be done separately or at the same time.

    ", + "

    Stage 1 - practical information about your circumstances

    ", + "

    A social worker will ask questions to assess if fostering is right for you. They will ask:

    ", + "
  • about the property you live in and any pets you have
    • ", + "
  • for your personal information including your relationship history
    • ", + "
  • about your general level of health (you\u2019ll need to get a medical statement, usually from a GP)
    • ", + "
  • if you or anyone in your home has ever applied to foster, adopt, or become a childminder
    • ", + "
  • about who else is living with you, including other children
    • ", + "
  • about children in the family who do not live with you
    • ", + "
  • for the names and addresses of at least 2 people who can give references for you and every adult who lives with you (they do not have to be the same 2 people for everyone)
    • ", + "

    They can ask for more information or run other checks.

    ", + "

    Stage 2 - detailed information about you and your family

    ", + "

    A social worker will ask more questions so that they can get to know you and your family. They will ask:

    ", + "
  • about your personality
    • ", + "
  • if you have religious beliefs
    • ", + "
  • for your ethnicity, cultural background and what languages you speak
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re willing and able to care for a child of a different religion, ethnicity or cultural background
    • ", + "
  • for your employment history and about your standard of living
    • ", + "
  • about your hobbies and interests
    • ", + "
  • if you have ever cared for children
    • ", + "
  • if you have any useful skills relevant to fostering
    • ", + "

    Where you\u2019ll be assessed

    ", + "

    Different fostering services assess you in different ways, for example they could:

    ", + "
  • visit you at home
    • ", + "
  • call you
    • ", + "
  • invite you to meetings
    • ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    The fostering service will contact you to tell you the result of your application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re approved you\u2019ll start training and meet your social workers.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not approved you can appeal the decision. The fostering service should also tell you the reasons why you were not approved.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019re approved

    ", + "

    The fostering service will add you to their list of available foster parents.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll send you a profile of any child they think is a good fit. Once you\u2019ve let the fostering service know if you\u2019d like to foster the child, they\u2019ll tell if you\u2019ve been chosen.

    ", + "

    In some cases you\u2019ll get to meet the child before they come to live with you. You might not if it\u2019s an emergency placement.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get training and support throughout the time you\u2019re fostering.

    ", + "

    You have the right to end a placement by giving 28 days\u2019 notice.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/child-trust-funds": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-trust-funds", + "title": "Child Trust Fund", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA Child Trust Fund (CTF) is a long-term tax-free savings account for children.\n\nYou cannot apply for a new Child Trust Fund because the scheme is now closed. You can apply for a Junior ISA instead.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## If you already have a Child Trust Fund\n\nYou can continue to add up to \u00a39,000 a year to your CTF account. The money belongs to the child and they can only take it out when they\u2019re 18. They can take control of the account when they\u2019re 16.\n\nThere\u2019s no tax to pay on the CTF income or any profit it makes. It will not affect any benefits or tax credits you receive.\n\n## Managing the account\n\nIf you\u2019re the main contact for the Child Trust Fund (CTF) account you\u2019re called the \u2018registered contact\u2019. You have certain responsibilities until the child turns 18, or until the child takes control of their own account.\n\n## Your responsibilities as the registered contact\n\nYou\u2019re the only person who can:\n\n- tell the account provider how to invest the fund and run the account\n\n- change the address and other personal details\n\n- change the type of account, for example from cash to stocks and shares\n\n- move the account to another provider\n\nContact your CTF provider to do this.\n\n## Moving to a different account\n\nYou can transfer a CTF account to a Junior ISA. Contact a Junior ISA provider to do this.\n\n## Records you need to keep\n\nKeep the following paperwork:\n\n- your child\u2019s Unique Reference Number (you\u2019ll find this on your annual CTF statement)\n\n- the account statements\n\n- details of the account type and the provider\n\n## Change a registered contact\n\nYou can change the registered contact to someone with parental responsibility for the child, like a parent, step-parent or legal guardian if both parties agree to this.\n\nYour CTF provider can tell you how to change the registered contact of a CTF account.\n\n## When your child is 16 or 18\n\nOnce your child turns 16, they can either:\n\n- take over the account by contacting the CTF provider\n\n- leave you in charge of the account\n\nWhen the child turns 18, they take over the account and can take out the money.\n\n## If your child lacks the mental capacity to manage their account when it matures\n\nYou, or a close friend or relative, need to apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order so you can manage your child\u2019s account when they turn 18. Once the account matures, the money can either be taken out or transferred into an ISA.\n\nIn Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.\n\n## Add money to the account\n\nAnyone can pay money into a Child Trust Fund (CTF) account.\n\nYou cannot apply for a new Child Trust Fund because the scheme is now closed. You can apply for a Junior ISA instead.\n\n## How much you can add\n\nYou can put up to \u00a39,000 a year into the account - the year starts on the child\u2019s birthday and ends the day before their next birthday.\n\nIf you do not use the \u00a39,000 limit, you cannot carry any unused amount over to the following year.\n\n## How to pay money in\n\nFor stakeholder accounts you can add money by:\n\n- cheque\n\n- standing order\n\n- direct debit\n\nFor savings or share accounts, check with your provider.\n\n## Government payments\n\nPayments made by the government do not count towards the \u00a39,000, apart from \npayments made by a local council to a child in care.\n\n## Find a Child Trust Fund\n\nYou can find out where a Child Trust Fund (CTF) is held if you do not know the provider.\n\nFill in the form online to ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) where the account was originally opened.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the online form.\n\nIf you\u2019re a parent looking for your child\u2019s trust fund, you\u2019ll need either:\n\n- the child\u2019s Unique Reference Number (you\u2019ll find this on your annual CTF statement)\n\n- their National Insurance number\n\nIf you\u2019re looking for your own trust fund, you\u2019ll need your National Insurance number.\n\nHMRC will send you details of the CTF provider by post within 3 weeks of receiving your request.\n\nHMRC will contact you for more information if you\u2019ve adopted the child or a court has given you parental responsibility for them.\n\n## Applying by post\n\nYou can also contact HMRC by post to find out where a CTF is held.\n\nIf you\u2019re a parent looking for your child\u2019s trust fund, you\u2019ll need to include your full name and address and all of the following:\n\n- child\u2019s full name and address\n\n- child\u2019s date of birth\n\n- child\u2019s National Insurance number or Unique Reference Number if known\n\nIf you\u2019re looking for your own trust fund, you\u2019ll need to include all of the following:\n\n- your full name and address\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your National Insurance number or Unique Reference Number if known\n\n## Accounts for children in care\n\nSome children looked after by local authorities have a Child Trust Fund (CTF) account set up on their behalf. The Share Foundation acts as the registered contact for these accounts.\n\n## How the account is managed\n\nThe Share Foundation manages the CTF account for the child and will:\n\n- write to the child when they take control of the account\n\n- change the type of CTF account and provider if necessary and write to the child to explain why the change was made\n\n- send account statements to the child\n\nThey\u2019ll manage the account until:\n\n- the child turns 18\n\n- the child turns 16 and decides to manage the account themselves\n\n- someone takes parental responsibility for the child, for example through adoption\n\n## Take over the management of an account\n\nContact the Share Foundation if you\u2019re taking parental responsibility for a child and want to manage their CTF account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of parental responsibility, for example an adoption certificate.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter confirming that you can take over responsibility for the account. Show this to the CTF provider who can update the account to say you\u2019re the registered contact.\n\n## When a child in care turns 16\n\nThe Share Foundation will write to the child about 2 months before their 16th birthday, telling them how to become the registered contact for the account.\n\nIf they choose to take control of the account, they can:\n\n- start managing it when they turn 16\n\n- withdraw money when they turn 18\n\n## If your child is terminally ill or dies\n\nIf your child is terminally ill you can take money out of their Child Trust Fund (CTF) account. If they die, the money passes to whoever inherits their estate (property and possessions).\n\n## If your child is terminally ill\n\n\u2018Terminally ill\u2019 means they have a disease or illness that\u2019s going to get worse and are not likely to live more than 6 months. Only the registered contact can take money out of the account.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nFill in the terminal illness early access form to let HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) know that:\n\n- your child is terminally ill\n\n- you want to take the money out of the account\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence that your child is terminally ill.\n\n## If your child dies\n\nThe money in the account will be paid to the person who inherits the child\u2019s estate. This is often one of the child\u2019s parents, but if your child was married, it could be their husband or wife.\n\nIf you get Child Benefit for a child who has died this can still carry on for a short time.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nTell the CTF account provider. They\u2019ll usually need proof, for example the death certificate.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A Child Trust Fund (CTF) is a long-term tax-free savings account for children.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a new Child Trust Fund because the scheme is now closed. You can apply for a Junior ISA instead.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you already have a Child Trust Fund

    ", + "

    You can continue to add up to \u00a39,000 a year to your CTF account. The money belongs to the child and they can only take it out when they\u2019re 18. They can take control of the account when they\u2019re 16.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no tax to pay on the CTF income or any profit it makes. It will not affect any benefits or tax credits you receive.

    ", + "

    Managing the account

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the main contact for the Child Trust Fund (CTF) account you\u2019re called the \u2018registered contact\u2019. You have certain responsibilities until the child turns 18, or until the child takes control of their own account.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities as the registered contact

    ", + "

    You\u2019re the only person who can:

    ", + "
  • tell the account provider how to invest the fund and run the account
    • ", + "
  • change the address and other personal details
    • ", + "
  • change the type of account, for example from cash to stocks and shares
    • ", + "
  • move the account to another provider
    • ", + "

    Contact your CTF provider to do this.

    ", + "

    Moving to a different account

    ", + "

    You can transfer a CTF account to a Junior ISA. Contact a Junior ISA provider to do this.

    ", + "

    Records you need to keep

    ", + "

    Keep the following paperwork:

    ", + "
  • your child\u2019s Unique Reference Number (you\u2019ll find this on your annual CTF statement)
    • ", + "
  • the account statements
    • ", + "
  • details of the account type and the provider
    • ", + "

    Change a registered contact

    ", + "

    You can change the registered contact to someone with parental responsibility for the child, like a parent, step-parent or legal guardian if both parties agree to this.

    ", + "

    Your CTF provider can tell you how to change the registered contact of a CTF account.

    ", + "

    When your child is 16 or 18

    ", + "

    Once your child turns 16, they can either:

    ", + "
  • take over the account by contacting the CTF provider
    • ", + "
  • leave you in charge of the account
    • ", + "

    When the child turns 18, they take over the account and can take out the money.

    ", + "

    If your child lacks the mental capacity to manage their account when it matures

    ", + "

    You, or a close friend or relative, need to apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order so you can manage your child\u2019s account when they turn 18. Once the account matures, the money can either be taken out or transferred into an ISA.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.

    ", + "

    Add money to the account

    ", + "

    Anyone can pay money into a Child Trust Fund (CTF) account.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a new Child Trust Fund because the scheme is now closed. You can apply for a Junior ISA instead.

    ", + "

    How much you can add

    ", + "

    You can put up to \u00a39,000 a year into the account - the year starts on the child\u2019s birthday and ends the day before their next birthday.

    ", + "

    If you do not use the \u00a39,000 limit, you cannot carry any unused amount over to the following year.

    ", + "

    How to pay money in

    ", + "

    For stakeholder accounts you can add money by:

    ", + "
  • cheque
    • ", + "
  • standing order
    • ", + "
  • direct debit
    • ", + "

    For savings or share accounts, check with your provider.

    ", + "

    Government payments

    ", + "

    Payments made by the government do not count towards the \u00a39,000, apart from \npayments made by a local council to a child in care.

    ", + "

    Find a Child Trust Fund

    ", + "

    You can find out where a Child Trust Fund (CTF) is held if you do not know the provider.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form online to ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) where the account was originally opened.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the online form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a parent looking for your child\u2019s trust fund, you\u2019ll need either:

    ", + "
  • the child\u2019s Unique Reference Number (you\u2019ll find this on your annual CTF statement)
    • ", + "
  • their National Insurance number
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re looking for your own trust fund, you\u2019ll need your National Insurance number.

    ", + "

    HMRC will send you details of the CTF provider by post within 3 weeks of receiving your request.

    ", + "

    HMRC will contact you for more information if you\u2019ve adopted the child or a court has given you parental responsibility for them.

    ", + "

    Applying by post

    ", + "

    You can also contact HMRC by post to find out where a CTF is held.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a parent looking for your child\u2019s trust fund, you\u2019ll need to include your full name and address and all of the following:

    ", + "
  • child\u2019s full name and address
    • ", + "
  • child\u2019s date of birth
    • ", + "
  • child\u2019s National Insurance number or Unique Reference Number if known
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re looking for your own trust fund, you\u2019ll need to include all of the following:

    ", + "
  • your full name and address
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number or Unique Reference Number if known
    • ", + "

    Accounts for children in care

    ", + "

    Some children looked after by local authorities have a Child Trust Fund (CTF) account set up on their behalf. The Share Foundation acts as the registered contact for these accounts.

    ", + "

    How the account is managed

    ", + "

    The Share Foundation manages the CTF account for the child and will:

    ", + "
  • write to the child when they take control of the account
    • ", + "
  • change the type of CTF account and provider if necessary and write to the child to explain why the change was made
    • ", + "
  • send account statements to the child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll manage the account until:

    ", + "
  • the child turns 18
    • ", + "
  • the child turns 16 and decides to manage the account themselves
    • ", + "
  • someone takes parental responsibility for the child, for example through adoption
    • ", + "

    Take over the management of an account

    ", + "

    Contact the Share Foundation if you\u2019re taking parental responsibility for a child and want to manage their CTF account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of parental responsibility, for example an adoption certificate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter confirming that you can take over responsibility for the account. Show this to the CTF provider who can update the account to say you\u2019re the registered contact.

    ", + "

    When a child in care turns 16

    ", + "

    The Share Foundation will write to the child about 2 months before their 16th birthday, telling them how to become the registered contact for the account.

    ", + "

    If they choose to take control of the account, they can:

    ", + "
  • start managing it when they turn 16
    • ", + "
  • withdraw money when they turn 18
    • ", + "

    If your child is terminally ill or dies

    ", + "

    If your child is terminally ill you can take money out of their Child Trust Fund (CTF) account. If they die, the money passes to whoever inherits their estate (property and possessions).

    ", + "

    If your child is terminally ill

    ", + "

    \u2018Terminally ill\u2019 means they have a disease or illness that\u2019s going to get worse and are not likely to live more than 6 months. Only the registered contact can take money out of the account.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    Fill in the terminal illness early access form to let HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) know that:

    ", + "
  • your child is terminally ill
    • ", + "
  • you want to take the money out of the account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence that your child is terminally ill.

    ", + "

    If your child dies

    ", + "

    The money in the account will be paid to the person who inherits the child\u2019s estate. This is often one of the child\u2019s parents, but if your child was married, it could be their husband or wife.

    ", + "

    If you get Child Benefit for a child who has died this can still carry on for a short time.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    Tell the CTF account provider. They\u2019ll usually need proof, for example the death certificate.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/child-adoption": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-adoption", + "title": "Child adoption", + "content": "## Overview\n\nTo be adopted, a child must:\n\n- be under the age of 18 when the adoption application is made\n\n- not be (or have never been) married or in a civil partnership\n\n## The child\u2019s birth parents\n\nBoth birth parents normally have to agree (consent) to the adoption, unless:\n\n- they cannot be found\n\n- they\u2019re incapable of giving consent, for example due to a mental disability\n\n- the child would be put at risk if they were not adopted\n\n## Who can adopt a child\n\nYou may be able to adopt a child if you\u2019re aged 21 or over (there\u2019s no upper age limit) and either:\n\n- single\n\n- married\n\n- in a civil partnership\n\n- an unmarried couple (same sex and opposite sex)\n\n- the partner of the child\u2019s parent\n\nThere are different rules for private adoptions and adoptions of looked-after children.\n\n## Living in the UK\n\nYou do not have to be a British citizen to adopt a child, but:\n\n- you (or your partner, if you\u2019re a couple) must have a fixed and permanent home in the UK, Channel Islands or the Isle of Man\n\n- you (and your partner, if you\u2019re a couple) must have lived in the UK for at least 1 year before you begin the application process\n\n## Adoption Support Fund\n\nYou may be able to get funding from the Adoption Support Fund. It provides money for therapy for children and families to help improve relationships, confidence and behaviour. Your social worker can apply for you.\n\nIf you\u2019re not happy with how the social worker has handled the application, complain to the council. If you\u2019re not happy with the council\u2019s response, contact the Adoption Support Fund team.\n\n## Early stages of adoption\n\nTo adopt a child you can go through either:\n\n- an adoption agency that\u2019s part of your local council\n\n- a voluntary adoption agency\n\n## The adoption process\n\n- Contact an adoption agency - they\u2019ll send you information about the adoption process.\n\n- The agency will arrange to meet you - you may also be invited to a meeting with other people wanting to adopt a child.\n\n- If you and the agency agree to carry on, the agency will give you an application form.\n\nThe adoption approval process normally takes around 6 months. You will then be matched with a child for adoption.\n\n## Adoption assessment\n\nOnce the agency gets your application it will do the following:\n\n- Invite you to a series of preparation classes - these are normally held locally and give advice on the effect adoption may have on you.\n\n- Arrange for a social worker to visit you on several occasions to carry out an assessment - this is to check you\u2019re suitable to become an adoptive parent.\n\n- Arrange a police check - you will not be allowed to adopt if you, or an adult member of your family, have been convicted of a serious offence, for example against a child.\n\n- Ask you to provide the names of 3 referees who will give you a personal reference. One of your referees can be a relative.\n\n- Arrange for you to have a full medical examination.\n\n## Your assessment\n\nThe social worker will send the assessment report to an independent adoption panel. This is a group of people who are experienced in adoption.\n\nThe panel will make a recommendation to the adoption agency based on your assessment.\n\nYou can go along to ask questions and answer any questions the panel has.\n\nThe adoption panel will send their recommendation to the agency, which will then decide whether you\u2019re suitable to adopt a child.\n\n## If you can adopt a child\n\nOnce your agency decides you can adopt, they\u2019ll begin the process of finding a child. The agency will explain how the process works and how you can be involved.\n\nIf you live in Wales your agency can refer you to the National Adoption Service for Wales. This holds details of children across Wales who need adopting.\n\n## If an adoption agency says you cannot adopt\n\nIf you disagree with an adoption agency\u2019s decision, you can either:\n\n- challenge their decision by writing to them\n\n- apply to the Independent Review Mechanism, which will look into your case\n\nYou can also contact other adoption agencies - but you\u2019ll have to start the process again.\n\n## Applying for an adoption court order\n\nTo make an adoption legal, you need to apply for an adoption court order. This gives you parental rights and responsibilities for the child.\n\nThe child must have lived with you for at least 10 weeks before you apply.\n\nOnce the order has been granted:\n\n- the adoption becomes permanent\n\n- the child has the same rights as if they were your own birth child, for example the right of inheritance\n\n- you can buy a copy of the adoption certificate - you will not get this automatically\n\nThe order also takes away parental responsibility from:\n\n- the child\u2019s birth parent(s)\n\n- anyone else who has parental responsibility for the child\n\n## How to apply\n\nMost applications for adoption orders are done at a Family Court.\n\nYou need to send the court a completed application for an adoption order - Form A58.\n\n## Getting an adoption certificate\n\nIf your application is successful, the General Register Office will create an adoption certificate. This replaces the original birth certificate, and shows the child\u2019s new name.\n\nIf you want a copy of the new certificate you need to buy one - you will not get it automatically.\n\nA \u2018full\u2019 copy of the certificate costs \u00a311. You can order one:\n\n- online\n\n- by post\n\nYou need the full version for most legal tasks for your child, for example getting a passport.\n\n## Adopting a child you\u2019ve been fostering\n\nYou need to be reassessed and approved as adoptive parents if you want to adopt the child you\u2019ve been fostering.\n\n## Adopting a stepchild\n\nYou need to tell your local council if you want to adopt your spouse\u2019s or partner\u2019s child. You must do this at least 3 months before applying to a court for an adoption order.\n\nThe child must also have lived with both of you for at least 6 months.\n\n## The adoption assessment\n\nThe process to adopt is similar to an assessment through an adoption agency.\n\nThe assessment is used to help a court decide if you can adopt the child (rather than being sent to an independent adoption panel).\n\nThe court will ask your local council to provide a report on:\n\n- your partner\n\n- the child\n\n- the other birth parent\n\nThe report will be prepared by a social worker and will be used to help the court make a decision.\n\nIf granted, the adoption court order gives you parental responsibility for the child - along with your spouse or partner.\n\nThe order also takes away parental responsibility from:\n\n- the child\u2019s other birth parent\n\n- anyone else who has parental responsibility for the child\n\nAn adoption order cancels any other type of court order, such as how and when the child\u2019s birth parent can visit the child.\n\n## Adopting a child from overseas\n\nYou can adopt a child from overseas if:\n\n- they cannot be cared for in a safe environment in their own country\n\n- the adoption would be in their best interests\n\n- the adopter has been assessed as eligible and suitable to adopt from overseas by an adoption agency in the UK\n\nIf you want to adopt a child from overseas, you should contact a UK adoption agency through:\n\n- your local council in England and Wales\n\n- your local health and social care trust in Northern Ireland\n\n- a voluntary adoption agency that deals with overseas adoption\n\nThere is a different process for overseas adoption in Scotland.\n\nThe adoption process is similar to a UK adoption and will be done by a UK adoption agency that may charge a fee.\n\nIf you\u2019re assessed and approved as suitable to adopt a child by a UK adoption agency, they will let you know what you need to do and guide you through these steps.\n\n- Your application will be sent to the Department for Education (DfE) or your relevant UK Central Authority to check it meets eligibility criteria.\n\n- DfE or your relevant UK Central Authority will issue a Certificate of Eligibility to Adopt and send it with your adoption application to the relevant overseas authority \u2013 some countries require adoption applications and supporting documentation is notarised, legalised and translated.\n\n- Once matched, you need to visit the child in their own country and confirm in writing that you\u2019ve visited them and want to proceed with the adoption.\n\n- You may need to go through adoption court processes in the country you\u2019re adopting from and the UK.\n\n- Once the placement has been finalised, you will need to arrange entry clearance for the child to enter the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe DfE charges a non-refundable fee of \u00a31,975 for processing an application to adopt a child from overseas. The fee is exempt from VAT.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted by DfE about how to pay the fee once your application has been accepted.\n\nThe fee includes case management but does not include legalisation, notarisation or translation costs.\n\nContact the relevant authority to find out about fees and procedures in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Restrictions\n\nThe UK has restricted adoption from the following countries:\n\n- Cambodia\n\n- Guatemala\n\n- Nepal\n\n- Haiti\n\n- Ethiopia\n\n- Nigeria\n\nYou can read about the reasons for the restrictions for each country.\n\n## How to make an exception request\n\nIf you want to adopt a child from a restricted country, you will need to set out the reasons in writing why your case is exceptional (for example, adopting a family member) and provide supporting evidence. Find out how to make an exception request to adopt a child from a country on the restricted list.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to follow a different process for dealing with restricted countries in Scotland. Contact the Scottish Government for enquiries about restrictions in Scotland.\n\n## If you live abroad\n\nYou must follow the adoption laws of the country you\u2019re in if you\u2019re normally resident in that country and want to adopt.\n\nYou must follow UK adoption law if you\u2019re normally resident in the UK, the Isle of Man or the Channel Islands. This is sometimes called \u2018habitual residence\u2019 and can apply even if you\u2019re living abroad at the time of the adoption. If you\u2019re unsure of your residence status, you should get your own independent legal advice before proceeding with an adoption.\n\nYou may have to give a sworn statement in front of a solicitor that you\u2019re no longer habitually resident in the UK, the Isle of Man or the Channel Islands if the country asks for a \u2018no objection\u2019 letter from the UK government. You must send this statement, along with a copy of your passport, either to the Intercountry Adoption Team at the DfE or the nearest British embassy.\n\nIf you\u2019ve adopted a child \u2013 either in the UK or overseas - and then travel or move to a third country, the adoption may not be recognised in that country. If you have any doubts you should get independent legal advice.\n\n## Registering an adoption\n\nYou can apply to register an overseas adoption in the Adopted Child Register for England and Wales if:\n\n- the adoption took place in certain overseas countries\n\n- the parent or parents were habitually resident in England and Wales at the time of the adoption\n\n- the parent or parents can provide all the supporting documents\n\nYou should read the guidance notes before filling in the form to register with the General Register Office (GRO).\n\n## Birth parents: your rights\n\nFor another couple (or person) to adopt your child, you normally have to agree to it.\n\nOnce your child is adopted, you no longer have parental responsibility for them.\n\nDepending on the child\u2019s situation, you may be able to stay in contact with them. This is often done using letters and photographs (and sometimes meetings) through the agency responsible for arranging the adoption.\n\n## Fathers\u2019 rights\n\nAs the child\u2019s father you\u2019ll be asked to agree to the adoption - but only if you have parental responsibility.\n\nIf you were never married to the child\u2019s mother or named on the birth certificate, you can apply to the court for a Parental Responsibility Order to get parental responsibility.\n\n## Trying to stop the adoption process\n\nIf the adoption process has started, you should get legal advice from a solicitor or Citizens Advice.\n\nTo make an adoption legal, a court has to grant a court order.\n\nThe agency arranging the adoption must let you know what your rights are - and also at what point the adoption cannot be stopped.\n\nIf you do not want your child to be adopted, a court will give you the chance to say why. A social worker, independent of the adoption agency, will visit you and:\n\n- record the reasons you do not want your child adopted\n\n- let the court know these reasons - you can go to court to explain them\n\nAn adoption order cannot be made unless the court thinks it\u2019s in your child\u2019s best interests.\n\n## Adoption without your consent\n\nA court can decide the adoption can go ahead without your consent if:\n\n- it thinks the child would be put at risk if they were not adopted - it will send you the evidence they have been given, for example from social services\n\n- you\u2019re incapable of giving consent, for example due to a mental disability", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    To be adopted, a child must:

    ", + "
  • be under the age of 18 when the adoption application is made
    • ", + "
  • not be (or have never been) married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    The child\u2019s birth parents

    ", + "

    Both birth parents normally have to agree (consent) to the adoption, unless:

    ", + "
  • they cannot be found
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re incapable of giving consent, for example due to a mental disability
    • ", + "
  • the child would be put at risk if they were not adopted
    • ", + "

    Who can adopt a child

    ", + "

    You may be able to adopt a child if you\u2019re aged 21 or over (there\u2019s no upper age limit) and either:

    ", + "
  • single
    • ", + "
  • married
    • ", + "
  • in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • an unmarried couple (same sex and opposite sex)
    • ", + "
  • the partner of the child\u2019s parent
    • ", + "

    There are different rules for private adoptions and adoptions of looked-after children.

    ", + "

    Living in the UK

    ", + "

    You do not have to be a British citizen to adopt a child, but:

    ", + "
  • you (or your partner, if you\u2019re a couple) must have a fixed and permanent home in the UK, Channel Islands or the Isle of Man
    • ", + "
  • you (and your partner, if you\u2019re a couple) must have lived in the UK for at least 1 year before you begin the application process
    • ", + "

    Adoption Support Fund

    ", + "

    You may be able to get funding from the Adoption Support Fund. It provides money for therapy for children and families to help improve relationships, confidence and behaviour. Your social worker can apply for you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not happy with how the social worker has handled the application, complain to the council. If you\u2019re not happy with the council\u2019s response, contact the Adoption Support Fund team.

    ", + "

    Early stages of adoption

    ", + "

    To adopt a child you can go through either:

    ", + "
  • an adoption agency that\u2019s part of your local council
    • ", + "
  • a voluntary adoption agency
    • ", + "

    The adoption process

    ", + "
  • Contact an adoption agency - they\u2019ll send you information about the adoption process.
    • ", + "
  • The agency will arrange to meet you - you may also be invited to a meeting with other people wanting to adopt a child.
    • ", + "
  • If you and the agency agree to carry on, the agency will give you an application form.
    • ", + "

    The adoption approval process normally takes around 6 months. You will then be matched with a child for adoption.

    ", + "

    Adoption assessment

    ", + "

    Once the agency gets your application it will do the following:

    ", + "
  • Invite you to a series of preparation classes - these are normally held locally and give advice on the effect adoption may have on you.
    • ", + "
  • Arrange for a social worker to visit you on several occasions to carry out an assessment - this is to check you\u2019re suitable to become an adoptive parent.
    • ", + "
  • Arrange a police check - you will not be allowed to adopt if you, or an adult member of your family, have been convicted of a serious offence, for example against a child.
    • ", + "
  • Ask you to provide the names of 3 referees who will give you a personal reference. One of your referees can be a relative.
    • ", + "
  • Arrange for you to have a full medical examination.
    • ", + "

    Your assessment

    ", + "

    The social worker will send the assessment report to an independent adoption panel. This is a group of people who are experienced in adoption.

    ", + "

    The panel will make a recommendation to the adoption agency based on your assessment.

    ", + "

    You can go along to ask questions and answer any questions the panel has.

    ", + "

    The adoption panel will send their recommendation to the agency, which will then decide whether you\u2019re suitable to adopt a child.

    ", + "

    If you can adopt a child

    ", + "

    Once your agency decides you can adopt, they\u2019ll begin the process of finding a child. The agency will explain how the process works and how you can be involved.

    ", + "

    If you live in Wales your agency can refer you to the National Adoption Service for Wales. This holds details of children across Wales who need adopting.

    ", + "

    If an adoption agency says you cannot adopt

    ", + "

    If you disagree with an adoption agency\u2019s decision, you can either:

    ", + "
  • challenge their decision by writing to them
    • ", + "
  • apply to the Independent Review Mechanism, which will look into your case
    • ", + "

    You can also contact other adoption agencies - but you\u2019ll have to start the process again.

    ", + "

    Applying for an adoption court order

    ", + "

    To make an adoption legal, you need to apply for an adoption court order. This gives you parental rights and responsibilities for the child.

    ", + "

    The child must have lived with you for at least 10 weeks before you apply.

    ", + "

    Once the order has been granted:

    ", + "
  • the adoption becomes permanent
    • ", + "
  • the child has the same rights as if they were your own birth child, for example the right of inheritance
    • ", + "
  • you can buy a copy of the adoption certificate - you will not get this automatically
    • ", + "

    The order also takes away parental responsibility from:

    ", + "
  • the child\u2019s birth parent(s)
    • ", + "
  • anyone else who has parental responsibility for the child
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Most applications for adoption orders are done at a Family Court.

    ", + "

    You need to send the court a completed application for an adoption order - Form A58.

    ", + "

    Getting an adoption certificate

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, the General Register Office will create an adoption certificate. This replaces the original birth certificate, and shows the child\u2019s new name.

    ", + "

    If you want a copy of the new certificate you need to buy one - you will not get it automatically.

    ", + "

    A \u2018full\u2019 copy of the certificate costs \u00a311. You can order one:

    ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "
  • by post
    • ", + "

    You need the full version for most legal tasks for your child, for example getting a passport.

    ", + "

    Adopting a child you\u2019ve been fostering

    ", + "

    You need to be reassessed and approved as adoptive parents if you want to adopt the child you\u2019ve been fostering.

    ", + "

    Adopting a stepchild

    ", + "

    You need to tell your local council if you want to adopt your spouse\u2019s or partner\u2019s child. You must do this at least 3 months before applying to a court for an adoption order.

    ", + "

    The child must also have lived with both of you for at least 6 months.

    ", + "

    The adoption assessment

    ", + "

    The process to adopt is similar to an assessment through an adoption agency.

    ", + "

    The assessment is used to help a court decide if you can adopt the child (rather than being sent to an independent adoption panel).

    ", + "

    The court will ask your local council to provide a report on:

    ", + "
  • your partner
    • ", + "
  • the child
    • ", + "
  • the other birth parent
    • ", + "

    The report will be prepared by a social worker and will be used to help the court make a decision.

    ", + "

    If granted, the adoption court order gives you parental responsibility for the child - along with your spouse or partner.

    ", + "

    The order also takes away parental responsibility from:

    ", + "
  • the child\u2019s other birth parent
    • ", + "
  • anyone else who has parental responsibility for the child
    • ", + "

    An adoption order cancels any other type of court order, such as how and when the child\u2019s birth parent can visit the child.

    ", + "

    Adopting a child from overseas

    ", + "

    You can adopt a child from overseas if:

    ", + "
  • they cannot be cared for in a safe environment in their own country
    • ", + "
  • the adoption would be in their best interests
    • ", + "
  • the adopter has been assessed as eligible and suitable to adopt from overseas by an adoption agency in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you want to adopt a child from overseas, you should contact a UK adoption agency through:

    ", + "
  • your local council in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • your local health and social care trust in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • a voluntary adoption agency that deals with overseas adoption
    • ", + "

    There is a different process for overseas adoption in Scotland.

    ", + "

    The adoption process is similar to a UK adoption and will be done by a UK adoption agency that may charge a fee.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re assessed and approved as suitable to adopt a child by a UK adoption agency, they will let you know what you need to do and guide you through these steps.

    ", + "
  • Your application will be sent to the Department for Education (DfE) or your relevant UK Central Authority to check it meets eligibility criteria.
    • ", + "
  • DfE or your relevant UK Central Authority will issue a Certificate of Eligibility to Adopt and send it with your adoption application to the relevant overseas authority \u2013 some countries require adoption applications and supporting documentation is notarised, legalised and translated.
    • ", + "
  • Once matched, you need to visit the child in their own country and confirm in writing that you\u2019ve visited them and want to proceed with the adoption.
    • ", + "
  • You may need to go through adoption court processes in the country you\u2019re adopting from and the UK.
    • ", + "
  • Once the placement has been finalised, you will need to arrange entry clearance for the child to enter the UK.
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    The DfE charges a non-refundable fee of \u00a31,975 for processing an application to adopt a child from overseas. The fee is exempt from VAT.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted by DfE about how to pay the fee once your application has been accepted.

    ", + "

    The fee includes case management but does not include legalisation, notarisation or translation costs.

    ", + "

    Contact the relevant authority to find out about fees and procedures in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Restrictions

    ", + "

    The UK has restricted adoption from the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Cambodia
    • ", + "
  • Guatemala
    • ", + "
  • Nepal
    • ", + "
  • Haiti
    • ", + "
  • Ethiopia
    • ", + "
  • Nigeria
    • ", + "

    You can read about the reasons for the restrictions for each country.

    ", + "

    How to make an exception request

    ", + "

    If you want to adopt a child from a restricted country, you will need to set out the reasons in writing why your case is exceptional (for example, adopting a family member) and provide supporting evidence. Find out how to make an exception request to adopt a child from a country on the restricted list.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to follow a different process for dealing with restricted countries in Scotland. Contact the Scottish Government for enquiries about restrictions in Scotland.

    ", + "

    If you live abroad

    ", + "

    You must follow the adoption laws of the country you\u2019re in if you\u2019re normally resident in that country and want to adopt.

    ", + "

    You must follow UK adoption law if you\u2019re normally resident in the UK, the Isle of Man or the Channel Islands. This is sometimes called \u2018habitual residence\u2019 and can apply even if you\u2019re living abroad at the time of the adoption. If you\u2019re unsure of your residence status, you should get your own independent legal advice before proceeding with an adoption.

    ", + "

    You may have to give a sworn statement in front of a solicitor that you\u2019re no longer habitually resident in the UK, the Isle of Man or the Channel Islands if the country asks for a \u2018no objection\u2019 letter from the UK government. You must send this statement, along with a copy of your passport, either to the Intercountry Adoption Team at the DfE or the nearest British embassy.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve adopted a child \u2013 either in the UK or overseas - and then travel or move to a third country, the adoption may not be recognised in that country. If you have any doubts you should get independent legal advice.

    ", + "

    Registering an adoption

    ", + "

    You can apply to register an overseas adoption in the Adopted Child Register for England and Wales if:

    ", + "
  • the adoption took place in certain overseas countries
    • ", + "
  • the parent or parents were habitually resident in England and Wales at the time of the adoption
    • ", + "
  • the parent or parents can provide all the supporting documents
    • ", + "

    You should read the guidance notes before filling in the form to register with the General Register Office (GRO).

    ", + "

    Birth parents: your rights

    ", + "

    For another couple (or person) to adopt your child, you normally have to agree to it.

    ", + "

    Once your child is adopted, you no longer have parental responsibility for them.

    ", + "

    Depending on the child\u2019s situation, you may be able to stay in contact with them. This is often done using letters and photographs (and sometimes meetings) through the agency responsible for arranging the adoption.

    ", + "

    Fathers\u2019 rights

    ", + "

    As the child\u2019s father you\u2019ll be asked to agree to the adoption - but only if you have parental responsibility.

    ", + "

    If you were never married to the child\u2019s mother or named on the birth certificate, you can apply to the court for a Parental Responsibility Order to get parental responsibility.

    ", + "

    Trying to stop the adoption process

    ", + "

    If the adoption process has started, you should get legal advice from a solicitor or Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    To make an adoption legal, a court has to grant a court order.

    ", + "

    The agency arranging the adoption must let you know what your rights are - and also at what point the adoption cannot be stopped.

    ", + "

    If you do not want your child to be adopted, a court will give you the chance to say why. A social worker, independent of the adoption agency, will visit you and:

    ", + "
  • record the reasons you do not want your child adopted
    • ", + "
  • let the court know these reasons - you can go to court to explain them
    • ", + "

    An adoption order cannot be made unless the court thinks it\u2019s in your child\u2019s best interests.

    ", + "

    Adoption without your consent

    ", + "

    A court can decide the adoption can go ahead without your consent if:

    ", + "
  • it thinks the child would be put at risk if they were not adopted - it will send you the evidence they have been given, for example from social services
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re incapable of giving consent, for example due to a mental disability
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/child-employment": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-employment", + "title": "Child employment", + "content": "## Minimum ages children can work\n\n## Part-time work\n\nThe youngest age a child can work part-time is 13, except children involved in areas like:\n\n- television\n\n- theatre\n\n- modelling\n\nChildren working in these areas will need a performance licence.\n\n## Full-time work\n\nChildren can only start full-time work once they\u2019ve reached the minimum school leaving age - they can then work up to a maximum of 40 hours a week.\n\nOnce someone reaches 16, you may need to pay them through PAYE.\n\nOnce someone reaches 18, adult employment rights and rules then apply.\n\nIn England, a young person must be in part-time education or training until they\u2019re 18.\n\n## Paying children and young people\n\n## Children under 16\n\nSchool-aged children are not entitled to the National Minimum Wage.\n\nChildren under 16 do not pay National Insurance, so you only need to include them on your payroll if their total income is over their Personal Allowance.\n\n## Once someone reaches 16\n\nYoung workers aged 16 to 17 are entitled to at least \u00a34.62 per hour.\n\nIf you\u2019re a registered employer, you\u2019ll need to record and report their pay as part of running payroll. If they earn more than \u00a3120 a week, you\u2019ll also need to do other regular PAYE tasks like making deductions.\n\nBefore their next payday, collect information from them for PAYE. If they started work for you in the previous tax year, put their start date as 5 April in your payroll software. Record their pay for the current tax year only.\n\nIf you pay any employee over \u00a3120 a week you must be registered as an employer and operate PAYE.\n\n## Performance licences and supervision for children\n\nA child may need a licence if they\u2019re under school leaving age and taking part in:\n\n- films, plays, concerts or other public performances that the audience pays to see, or that take place on licensed premises\n\n- any sporting events or modelling assignments where the child is paid\n\nThe person in charge of running the event must apply to the child\u2019s local council for a child performance licence. Ask the council if you\u2019re not sure you need one.\n\n## Supervision for the child\n\nIf the child will not be with their parent, school teacher or home tutor, they must be supervised by a chaperone approved by the council. Chaperones can apply for approval from the council.\n\nThe normal rules for paying children and restrictions on employment apply to children in performances.\n\n## Restrictions on child employment\n\nThere are several restrictions on when and where children are allowed to work.\n\nChildren are not allowed to work:\n\n- without an employment permit issued by the education department of the local council, if this is required by local bylaws\n\n- in places like a factory or industrial site\n\n- during school hours\n\n- before 7am or after 7pm\n\n- for more than one hour before school (unless local bylaws allow it)\n\n- for more than 4 hours without taking a break of at least 1 hour\n\n- in any work that may be harmful to their health, well-being or education\n\n- without having a 2-week break from any work during the school holidays in each calendar year\n\nThere are also special rules which only apply during term times and school holiday times.\n\n## Term time rules\n\nDuring term time children can only work a maximum of 12 hours a week. This includes:\n\n- a maximum of 2 hours on school days and Sundays\n\n- a maximum of 5 hours on Saturdays for 13 to 14-year-olds, or 8 hours for 15 to 16-year-olds\n\n## School holiday rules\n\nDuring school holidays 13 to 14-year-olds are only allowed to work a maximum of 25 hours a week. This includes:\n\n- a maximum of 5 hours on weekdays and Saturdays\n\n- a maximum of 2 hours on Sunday\n\nDuring school holidays 15 to 16-year-olds can only work a maximum of 35 hours a week. This includes:\n\n- a maximum of 8 hours on weekdays and Saturdays\n\n- a maximum of 2 hours on Sunday\n\n## Local rules on the types of work children can do\n\nLocal bylaws list the jobs that children cannot do. If a job is on this list, a child under the minimum school leaving age cannot do this work.\n\nLocal bylaws may also have other restrictions on working hours, conditions of work and the type of employment.\n\nContact your local council\u2019s education department or education welfare service for more information.\n\n## Local council rules for child employment permits\n\nMost local councils say that businesses intending to employ school-aged children must apply for a child employment permit before they can be employed.\n\nIf a child is working without a child employment permit, there\u2019s a risk that the employer will not be insured against accidents involving the child.\n\nChildren do not need a work permit for work experience arranged by their school.\n\nEmployers should contact their local council\u2019s education department or education welfare service to find out if a child employment permit is needed.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Minimum ages children can work

    ", + "

    Part-time work

    ", + "

    The youngest age a child can work part-time is 13, except children involved in areas like:

    ", + "
  • television
    • ", + "
  • theatre
    • ", + "
  • modelling
    • ", + "

    Children working in these areas will need a performance licence.

    ", + "

    Full-time work

    ", + "

    Children can only start full-time work once they\u2019ve reached the minimum school leaving age - they can then work up to a maximum of 40 hours a week.

    ", + "

    Once someone reaches 16, you may need to pay them through PAYE.

    ", + "

    Once someone reaches 18, adult employment rights and rules then apply.

    ", + "

    In England, a young person must be in part-time education or training until they\u2019re 18.

    ", + "

    Paying children and young people

    ", + "

    Children under 16

    ", + "

    School-aged children are not entitled to the National Minimum Wage.

    ", + "

    Children under 16 do not pay National Insurance, so you only need to include them on your payroll if their total income is over their Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Once someone reaches 16

    ", + "

    Young workers aged 16 to 17 are entitled to at least \u00a34.62 per hour.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a registered employer, you\u2019ll need to record and report their pay as part of running payroll. If they earn more than \u00a3120 a week, you\u2019ll also need to do other regular PAYE tasks like making deductions.

    ", + "

    Before their next payday, collect information from them for PAYE. If they started work for you in the previous tax year, put their start date as 5 April in your payroll software. Record their pay for the current tax year only.

    ", + "

    If you pay any employee over \u00a3120 a week you must be registered as an employer and operate PAYE.

    ", + "

    Performance licences and supervision for children

    ", + "

    A child may need a licence if they\u2019re under school leaving age and taking part in:

    ", + "
  • films, plays, concerts or other public performances that the audience pays to see, or that take place on licensed premises
    • ", + "
  • any sporting events or modelling assignments where the child is paid
    • ", + "

    The person in charge of running the event must apply to the child\u2019s local council for a child performance licence. Ask the council if you\u2019re not sure you need one.

    ", + "

    Supervision for the child

    ", + "

    If the child will not be with their parent, school teacher or home tutor, they must be supervised by a chaperone approved by the council. Chaperones can apply for approval from the council.

    ", + "

    The normal rules for paying children and restrictions on employment apply to children in performances.

    ", + "

    Restrictions on child employment

    ", + "

    There are several restrictions on when and where children are allowed to work.

    ", + "

    Children are not allowed to work:

    ", + "
  • without an employment permit issued by the education department of the local council, if this is required by local bylaws
    • ", + "
  • in places like a factory or industrial site
    • ", + "
  • during school hours
    • ", + "
  • before 7am or after 7pm
    • ", + "
  • for more than one hour before school (unless local bylaws allow it)
    • ", + "
  • for more than 4 hours without taking a break of at least 1 hour
    • ", + "
  • in any work that may be harmful to their health, well-being or education
    • ", + "
  • without having a 2-week break from any work during the school holidays in each calendar year
    • ", + "

    There are also special rules which only apply during term times and school holiday times.

    ", + "

    Term time rules

    ", + "

    During term time children can only work a maximum of 12 hours a week. This includes:

    ", + "
  • a maximum of 2 hours on school days and Sundays
    • ", + "
  • a maximum of 5 hours on Saturdays for 13 to 14-year-olds, or 8 hours for 15 to 16-year-olds
    • ", + "

    School holiday rules

    ", + "

    During school holidays 13 to 14-year-olds are only allowed to work a maximum of 25 hours a week. This includes:

    ", + "
  • a maximum of 5 hours on weekdays and Saturdays
    • ", + "
  • a maximum of 2 hours on Sunday
    • ", + "

    During school holidays 15 to 16-year-olds can only work a maximum of 35 hours a week. This includes:

    ", + "
  • a maximum of 8 hours on weekdays and Saturdays
    • ", + "
  • a maximum of 2 hours on Sunday
    • ", + "

    Local rules on the types of work children can do

    ", + "

    Local bylaws list the jobs that children cannot do. If a job is on this list, a child under the minimum school leaving age cannot do this work.

    ", + "

    Local bylaws may also have other restrictions on working hours, conditions of work and the type of employment.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council\u2019s education department or education welfare service for more information.

    ", + "

    Local council rules for child employment permits

    ", + "

    Most local councils say that businesses intending to employ school-aged children must apply for a child employment permit before they can be employed.

    ", + "

    If a child is working without a child employment permit, there\u2019s a risk that the employer will not be insured against accidents involving the child.

    ", + "

    Children do not need a work permit for work experience arranged by their school.

    ", + "

    Employers should contact their local council\u2019s education department or education welfare service to find out if a child employment permit is needed.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-if-one-parent-lives-abroad": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-if-one-parent-lives-abroad", + "title": "Child maintenance if a parent lives abroad", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou cannot make a new application to the Child Maintenance Service if the child and the parent with the main day-to-day care live abroad.\n\nThere are circumstances where the service can help if the paying parent lives abroad.\n\nYou can make a child maintenance arrangement yourself - if one or both parents live abroad.\n\n## Enforcing a child maintenance decision\n\nYou can ask a court for help if the other parent does not pay any child maintenance they owe you. This is known as taking \u2018enforcement action\u2019.\n\nYou cannot enforce an arrangement you\u2019ve made yourself - you need to make it legally binding first.\n\nYou can also ask the court to change an existing child maintenance decision or make a new one.\n\nHow you enforce, change or make a decision depends on:\n\n- where the other parent lives\n\n- where your original decision was made\n\nThe UK has a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) agreement with a number of other countries. Courts in \u2018REMO countries\u2019 can enforce child maintenance decisions made by UK courts.\n\n## Child maintenance decisions made in Scotland or Northern Ireland\n\nThe process is different if you want to enforce a child maintenance decision that was originally made in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## If the decision was made in Scotland\n\nContact the Scottish government for advice.\n\n## If the decision was made in Northern Ireland\n\nContact the Northern Ireland Central Authority for advice.\n\n## If the other parent lives abroad\n\nHow you get a decision recognised or enforced depends on whether the other parent lives in a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) country. Check the list of REMO countries.\n\nIf the other parent does not live in a REMO country, get legal advice from a solicitor to find out if you can enforce the decision.\n\nIf the other parent does live in a REMO country, contact your nearest Maintenance Enforcement Business Centre (MEBC). They\u2019ll send you an application form.\n\nComplete the form and send it back to your MEBC with any supporting documents. Your documents will be translated if needed. You do not have to pay for this.\n\nTell the MEBC if you do not want the other parent to see certain information about you, such as your address.\n\nThe process is different if you want to enforce a child maintenance decision that was originally made in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Maintenance Enforcement Business Centres\n\n## Greater London\n\n## England\n\n## Wales\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe MEBC will send your completed form and any supporting documents to the REMO Unit.\n\nThe REMO Unit will send your documents to the body responsible for REMO in the relevant country within a month of receiving them. Your documents will then be sent on to the court in that country.\n\nThe process may change from 1 January 2021. The Maintenance Enforcement Business Centre or REMO Unit might tell you to fill in another form so your application can continue after that date. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this.\n\nIt can take several months for the court to decide if your maintenance decision should be enforced.\n\n## If you live abroad\n\nYou can still enforce a child maintenance decision if the other parent lives in the UK but you live in another country.\n\nCheck if you live in a country which can enforce a child maintenance decision made in the UK. This is called a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) country.\n\nIf you live in a REMO country, ask the court where you live to enforce the decision.\n\nIf you do not live in a REMO country, you might still be able to enforce a decision. Get legal advice from a solicitor in the country where you live or in the UK.\n\n## If the other parent works abroad for a British organisation\n\nYou might be able to make a new child maintenance claim instead of enforcing an existing one if the other parent is working abroad for certain British organisations, for example:\n\n- as a civil servant\n\n- for Her Majesty\u2019s Diplomatic Service\n\n- as a member of the Armed Forces\n\n- for a company based and registered in the UK\n\n- for the NHS\n\n- for a local authority\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact Child Maintenance Options to make a new arrangement.\n\nThey\u2019ll talk through the process with you and explain how to apply to the Child Maintenance Service.\n\nThere are different contact details if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou must pay:\n\n- \u00a320 to apply - you do not have to pay this if you\u2019re under 19, a victim of domestic violence or in Northern Ireland\n\n- additional fees for paying and collecting child maintenance if you use the Collect and Pay service\n\nIf you\u2019ve already made a claim, contact the service that deals with your case for advice.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You cannot make a new application to the Child Maintenance Service if the child and the parent with the main day-to-day care live abroad.

    ", + "

    There are circumstances where the service can help if the paying parent lives abroad.

    ", + "

    You can make a child maintenance arrangement yourself - if one or both parents live abroad.

    ", + "

    Enforcing a child maintenance decision

    ", + "

    You can ask a court for help if the other parent does not pay any child maintenance they owe you. This is known as taking \u2018enforcement action\u2019.

    ", + "

    You cannot enforce an arrangement you\u2019ve made yourself - you need to make it legally binding first.

    ", + "

    You can also ask the court to change an existing child maintenance decision or make a new one.

    ", + "

    How you enforce, change or make a decision depends on:

    ", + "
  • where the other parent lives
    • ", + "
  • where your original decision was made
    • ", + "

    The UK has a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) agreement with a number of other countries. Courts in \u2018REMO countries\u2019 can enforce child maintenance decisions made by UK courts.

    ", + "

    Child maintenance decisions made in Scotland or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    The process is different if you want to enforce a child maintenance decision that was originally made in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If the decision was made in Scotland

    ", + "

    Contact the Scottish government for advice.

    ", + "

    If the decision was made in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Contact the Northern Ireland Central Authority for advice.

    ", + "

    If the other parent lives abroad

    ", + "

    How you get a decision recognised or enforced depends on whether the other parent lives in a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) country. Check the list of REMO countries.

    ", + "

    If the other parent does not live in a REMO country, get legal advice from a solicitor to find out if you can enforce the decision.

    ", + "

    If the other parent does live in a REMO country, contact your nearest Maintenance Enforcement Business Centre (MEBC). They\u2019ll send you an application form.

    ", + "

    Complete the form and send it back to your MEBC with any supporting documents. Your documents will be translated if needed. You do not have to pay for this.

    ", + "

    Tell the MEBC if you do not want the other parent to see certain information about you, such as your address.

    ", + "

    The process is different if you want to enforce a child maintenance decision that was originally made in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Maintenance Enforcement Business Centres

    ", + "

    Greater London

    ", + "

    England

    ", + "

    Wales

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The MEBC will send your completed form and any supporting documents to the REMO Unit.

    ", + "

    The REMO Unit will send your documents to the body responsible for REMO in the relevant country within a month of receiving them. Your documents will then be sent on to the court in that country.

    ", + "

    The process may change from 1 January 2021. The Maintenance Enforcement Business Centre or REMO Unit might tell you to fill in another form so your application can continue after that date. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this.

    ", + "

    It can take several months for the court to decide if your maintenance decision should be enforced.

    ", + "

    If you live abroad

    ", + "

    You can still enforce a child maintenance decision if the other parent lives in the UK but you live in another country.

    ", + "

    Check if you live in a country which can enforce a child maintenance decision made in the UK. This is called a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) country.

    ", + "

    If you live in a REMO country, ask the court where you live to enforce the decision.

    ", + "

    If you do not live in a REMO country, you might still be able to enforce a decision. Get legal advice from a solicitor in the country where you live or in the UK.

    ", + "

    If the other parent works abroad for a British organisation

    ", + "

    You might be able to make a new child maintenance claim instead of enforcing an existing one if the other parent is working abroad for certain British organisations, for example:

    ", + "
  • as a civil servant
    • ", + "
  • for Her Majesty\u2019s Diplomatic Service
    • ", + "
  • as a member of the Armed Forces
    • ", + "
  • for a company based and registered in the UK
    • ", + "
  • for the NHS
    • ", + "
  • for a local authority
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Contact Child Maintenance Options to make a new arrangement.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll talk through the process with you and explain how to apply to the Child Maintenance Service.

    ", + "

    There are different contact details if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You must pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a320 to apply - you do not have to pay this if you\u2019re under 19, a victim of domestic violence or in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • additional fees for paying and collecting child maintenance if you use the Collect and Pay service
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already made a claim, contact the service that deals with your case for advice.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/support-for-foster-parents": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-for-foster-parents", + "title": "Help and support for foster parents", + "content": "## Training and development\n\nYou need to complete the training, support, and development standards workbook within 12 months of being approved to foster.\n\nContact your fostering service to find out what other training and development is available. They should help you:\n\n- with a personal development plan\n\n- take part in learning and development sessions\n\nThe Foster Carers\u2019 Charter explains your rights as a foster parent.\n\nYou do not have a statutory right to time off work to care for foster children.\n\nIf you\u2019re fostering for adoption you\u2019ll be entitled to adoption pay and leave from when the child comes to live with you.\n\nIf you\u2019re considering fostering, find out about becoming a foster parent.\n\n## Help with the cost of fostering\n\nAll foster parents get a foster care allowance to help cover the cost of caring for a child. You might get additional payments, depending on:\n\n- if the child has specific needs\n\n- how many children you\u2019re fostering\n\n- your skills and experience\n\n- your fostering service\n\nContact your fostering service to find out how much you get.\n\n## Minimum weekly allowance\n\nThe minimum allowance you\u2019ll get depends on where you live and the age of the child you care for.\n\n| | Age 0 to 2 | Age 3 to 4 | Age 5 to 10 | Age 11 to 15 | Age 16 to 17 |\n\n| London | \u00a3155 | \u00a3158 | \u00a3177 | \u00a3201 | \u00a3235 |\n\n| South East | \u00a3149 | \u00a3153 | \u00a3169 | \u00a3193 | \u00a3226 |\n\n| Rest of England | \u00a3134 | \u00a3138 | \u00a3152 | \u00a3173 | \u00a3202 |\n\nThese figures are for the tax year from 6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022. They\u2019re updated every April.\n\n## Allowance rates when the child is 18\n\nChildren stop being in care when they reach 18, even if they\u2019re still living with you. There is no minimum allowance when your child is old enough to leave foster care.\n\nContact your fostering service for more information.\n\n## Expenses\n\nYou may be able to apply to your fostering service for extra money to help with things like:\n\n- school trips\n\n- holidays\n\n- birthdays\n\n- religious festivals\n\n## Tax arrangements\n\nYou should have registered as self-employed when you started to foster. You\u2019ll need to file tax returns. Check with your fostering service what you need to do.\n\nIn your tax return, you\u2019ll be able to claim:\n\n- a tax exemption of up to \u00a310,000 per household\n\n- tax relief for every week you foster a child\n\nThis is known as qualifying care relief.\n\nYou may be entitled to National Insurance credits, which count towards your State Pension.\n\n## Tax exemption\n\nIn a tax year, households do not pay tax on the first \u00a310,000 they earn from fostering. You\u2019ll still pay tax on money you earn from a job or investment.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nOn top of the \u00a310,000 exemption, you also get tax relief for every week (or part week) that a child is in your care. This means you do not have to pay tax on some of your earnings over \u00a310,000.\n\n| Age of child | Tax relief |\n\n| Under 11 | \u00a3200 per child |\n\n| 11 or over | \u00a3250 per child |\n\n## Claiming benefits\n\nBeing a foster parent can affect your benefits. Check a benefits calculator to see what you\u2019re eligible for.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming benefits you need to tell the organisation that pays you that you\u2019re also getting a foster care allowance.\n\nYou can get disability benefits for your foster child if they meet the criteria. You may also be able to claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if your foster child gets Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment.\n\nFor more help on how your benefits may change you can speak to an adviser from:\n\n- the organisation that pays you\n\n- Fosterline - a free fostering advice service\n\n## Making decisions for your foster child\n\nYour foster child\u2019s placement plan should tell you what decisions you can make, known as delegated authority.\n\nThere are 3 different levels to delegated authority:\n\n- day-to-day decisions like dental check ups, hair cuts, school trips, parent-teacher meetings and letting your child go to sleepovers\n\n- long-term decisions like which school a child goes to\n\n- significant decisions made by the local authority and birth parents, like surgery\n\nIf your child\u2019s placement plan does not tell you what level of delegated authority you have you should contact your fostering service to find out.\n\nYou may not have the same level of authority for each child you foster. For example, you might foster 2 children and have the right to sign a consent form for one of them.\n\n## Going on holiday\n\nIf you do not have the authority to take your foster child on holiday you\u2019ll need to speak to their social worker.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to:\n\n- tell your child\u2019s social worker when you\u2019ll be going and when you\u2019ll be back\n\n- get a letter of consent from your child\u2019s social worker for passport control (if you\u2019re going abroad)\n\n## Medical treatment for your foster child\n\nYou may not have the right to give consent to medical treatment. Check your child placement plan to find out if you have the authority to let your foster child have:\n\n- medication\n\n- a medical examination\n\n- local or general anaesthetic\n\n- surgery\n\n## Getting support\n\nYou should get support from your fostering service, your local council and social workers. You can also get support and advice from Fosterline.\n\nYour local council must provide your foster child with a personal adviser from age 16 or 17 to age 25. They will help your foster child move to independent living or support them to stay with you (this is called a \u2018staying put\u2019 arrangement).\n\nExtra support is available when your foster child reaches age 16, 18 and 21.\n\n## Support from your fostering service\n\nYour foster child gets a placement plan. This tells you about the child and their needs. The fostering service should invite you to meetings on your foster child\u2019s progress and placement plan.\n\nYour family should get:\n\n- access to an out of hours advice and support service\n\n- access to support groups\n\n- practical, financial and emotional support\n\n- training and a personal development plan, which is reviewed every year\n\n- an opportunity to take a break from fostering if you need it\n\n## Dealing with allegations\n\nIf an allegation is made against you or anyone in your home, your local authority must:\n\n- investigate it\n\n- support you through it\n\n- update you on progress\n\n- help resolve any disagreements\n\nThey may remove your foster child from your home or ask the person the allegation is about to leave. They will also look at the safety of any other children in your home.\n\n## Support from social workers\n\nYou\u2019ll have contact with 2 social workers:\n\n- your foster child\u2019s social worker - they make sure you meet the child\u2019s needs\n\n- a supervising social worker to help and support you as a foster parent\n\nYour supervising social worker is there to support you as a foster parent. Contact them if you need:\n\n- emotional support\n\n- to talk about any concerns or worries you have about your foster child\n\n- help to develop your skills as a foster parent\n\nYour social workers must make sure you understand their policies on fostering, including:\n\n- how to manage your foster child\u2019s behaviour\n\n- financial support for foster parents\n\n- complaints\n\nThey must review your approval to foster at least once a year to make sure you\u2019re still suitable.\n\nSocial workers may decide to have some meetings without you if they think it\u2019s best for the foster child.\n\n## Social worker visits\n\nYour child\u2019s social worker must visit you and your foster child:\n\n- in the first week the child comes to live with you\n\n- once every 6 weeks in the first year\n\n- every 3 to 6 months after the child has lived with you for a year\n\nThey must also visit you once a year without telling you they\u2019re coming.\n\nYou or your foster child can ask for more visits from the social worker.\n\n## Ending a placement\n\nYou must give 28 days\u2019 notice to your social worker if you no longer wish to be the child\u2019s foster parent.\n\n## Support from Fosterline\n\nCall Fosterline for free to get advice on fostering.\n\nThey can provide help and advice about fostering, including information about:\n\n- finances\n\n- training\n\n- dealing with allegations", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Training and development

    ", + "

    You need to complete the training, support, and development standards workbook within 12 months of being approved to foster.

    ", + "

    Contact your fostering service to find out what other training and development is available. They should help you:

    ", + "
  • with a personal development plan
    • ", + "
  • take part in learning and development sessions
    • ", + "

    The Foster Carers\u2019 Charter explains your rights as a foster parent.

    ", + "

    You do not have a statutory right to time off work to care for foster children.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re fostering for adoption you\u2019ll be entitled to adoption pay and leave from when the child comes to live with you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re considering fostering, find out about becoming a foster parent.

    ", + "

    Help with the cost of fostering

    ", + "

    All foster parents get a foster care allowance to help cover the cost of caring for a child. You might get additional payments, depending on:

    ", + "
  • if the child has specific needs
    • ", + "
  • how many children you\u2019re fostering
    • ", + "
  • your skills and experience
    • ", + "
  • your fostering service
    • ", + "

    Contact your fostering service to find out how much you get.

    ", + "

    Minimum weekly allowance

    ", + "

    The minimum allowance you\u2019ll get depends on where you live and the age of the child you care for.

    ", + " | Age 0 to 2 | Age 3 to 4 | Age 5 to 10 | Age 11 to 15 | Age 16 to 17", + "London | \u00a3155 | \u00a3158 | \u00a3177 | \u00a3201 | \u00a3235", + "South East | \u00a3149 | \u00a3153 | \u00a3169 | \u00a3193 | \u00a3226", + "Rest of England | \u00a3134 | \u00a3138 | \u00a3152 | \u00a3173 | \u00a3202", + "

    These figures are for the tax year from 6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022. They\u2019re updated every April.

    ", + "

    Allowance rates when the child is 18

    ", + "

    Children stop being in care when they reach 18, even if they\u2019re still living with you. There is no minimum allowance when your child is old enough to leave foster care.

    ", + "

    Contact your fostering service for more information.

    ", + "

    Expenses

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to your fostering service for extra money to help with things like:

    ", + "
  • school trips
    • ", + "
  • holidays
    • ", + "
  • birthdays
    • ", + "
  • religious festivals
    • ", + "

    Tax arrangements

    ", + "

    You should have registered as self-employed when you started to foster. You\u2019ll need to file tax returns. Check with your fostering service what you need to do.

    ", + "

    In your tax return, you\u2019ll be able to claim:

    ", + "
  • a tax exemption of up to \u00a310,000 per household
    • ", + "
  • tax relief for every week you foster a child
    • ", + "

    This is known as qualifying care relief.

    ", + "

    You may be entitled to National Insurance credits, which count towards your State Pension.

    ", + "

    Tax exemption

    ", + "

    In a tax year, households do not pay tax on the first \u00a310,000 they earn from fostering. You\u2019ll still pay tax on money you earn from a job or investment.

    ", + "

    Tax relief

    ", + "

    On top of the \u00a310,000 exemption, you also get tax relief for every week (or part week) that a child is in your care. This means you do not have to pay tax on some of your earnings over \u00a310,000.

    ", + "Age of child | Tax relief", + "Under 11 | \u00a3200 per child", + "11 or over | \u00a3250 per child", + "

    Claiming benefits

    ", + "

    Being a foster parent can affect your benefits. Check a benefits calculator to see what you\u2019re eligible for.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming benefits you need to tell the organisation that pays you that you\u2019re also getting a foster care allowance.

    ", + "

    You can get disability benefits for your foster child if they meet the criteria. You may also be able to claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if your foster child gets Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment.

    ", + "

    For more help on how your benefits may change you can speak to an adviser from:

    ", + "
  • the organisation that pays you
    • ", + "
  • Fosterline - a free fostering advice service
    • ", + "

    Making decisions for your foster child

    ", + "

    Your foster child\u2019s placement plan should tell you what decisions you can make, known as delegated authority.

    ", + "

    There are 3 different levels to delegated authority:

    ", + "
  • day-to-day decisions like dental check ups, hair cuts, school trips, parent-teacher meetings and letting your child go to sleepovers
    • ", + "
  • long-term decisions like which school a child goes to
    • ", + "
  • significant decisions made by the local authority and birth parents, like surgery
    • ", + "

    If your child\u2019s placement plan does not tell you what level of delegated authority you have you should contact your fostering service to find out.

    ", + "

    You may not have the same level of authority for each child you foster. For example, you might foster 2 children and have the right to sign a consent form for one of them.

    ", + "

    Going on holiday

    ", + "

    If you do not have the authority to take your foster child on holiday you\u2019ll need to speak to their social worker.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to:

    ", + "
  • tell your child\u2019s social worker when you\u2019ll be going and when you\u2019ll be back
    • ", + "
  • get a letter of consent from your child\u2019s social worker for passport control (if you\u2019re going abroad)
    • ", + "

    Medical treatment for your foster child

    ", + "

    You may not have the right to give consent to medical treatment. Check your child placement plan to find out if you have the authority to let your foster child have:

    ", + "
  • medication
    • ", + "
  • a medical examination
    • ", + "
  • local or general anaesthetic
    • ", + "
  • surgery
    • ", + "

    Getting support

    ", + "

    You should get support from your fostering service, your local council and social workers. You can also get support and advice from Fosterline.

    ", + "

    Your local council must provide your foster child with a personal adviser from age 16 or 17 to age 25. They will help your foster child move to independent living or support them to stay with you (this is called a \u2018staying put\u2019 arrangement).

    ", + "

    Extra support is available when your foster child reaches age 16, 18 and 21.

    ", + "

    Support from your fostering service

    ", + "

    Your foster child gets a placement plan. This tells you about the child and their needs. The fostering service should invite you to meetings on your foster child\u2019s progress and placement plan.

    ", + "

    Your family should get:

    ", + "
  • access to an out of hours advice and support service
    • ", + "
  • access to support groups
    • ", + "
  • practical, financial and emotional support
    • ", + "
  • training and a personal development plan, which is reviewed every year
    • ", + "
  • an opportunity to take a break from fostering if you need it
    • ", + "

    Dealing with allegations

    ", + "

    If an allegation is made against you or anyone in your home, your local authority must:

    ", + "
  • investigate it
    • ", + "
  • support you through it
    • ", + "
  • update you on progress
    • ", + "
  • help resolve any disagreements
    • ", + "

    They may remove your foster child from your home or ask the person the allegation is about to leave. They will also look at the safety of any other children in your home.

    ", + "

    Support from social workers

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have contact with 2 social workers:

    ", + "
  • your foster child\u2019s social worker - they make sure you meet the child\u2019s needs
    • ", + "
  • a supervising social worker to help and support you as a foster parent
    • ", + "

    Your supervising social worker is there to support you as a foster parent. Contact them if you need:

    ", + "
  • emotional support
    • ", + "
  • to talk about any concerns or worries you have about your foster child
    • ", + "
  • help to develop your skills as a foster parent
    • ", + "

    Your social workers must make sure you understand their policies on fostering, including:

    ", + "
  • how to manage your foster child\u2019s behaviour
    • ", + "
  • financial support for foster parents
    • ", + "
  • complaints
    • ", + "

    They must review your approval to foster at least once a year to make sure you\u2019re still suitable.

    ", + "

    Social workers may decide to have some meetings without you if they think it\u2019s best for the foster child.

    ", + "

    Social worker visits

    ", + "

    Your child\u2019s social worker must visit you and your foster child:

    ", + "
  • in the first week the child comes to live with you
    • ", + "
  • once every 6 weeks in the first year
    • ", + "
  • every 3 to 6 months after the child has lived with you for a year
    • ", + "

    They must also visit you once a year without telling you they\u2019re coming.

    ", + "

    You or your foster child can ask for more visits from the social worker.

    ", + "

    Ending a placement

    ", + "

    You must give 28 days\u2019 notice to your social worker if you no longer wish to be the child\u2019s foster parent.

    ", + "

    Support from Fosterline

    ", + "

    Call Fosterline for free to get advice on fostering.

    ", + "

    They can provide help and advice about fostering, including information about:

    ", + "
  • finances
    • ", + "
  • training
    • ", + "
  • dealing with allegations
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/if-your-child-is-taken-into-care": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/if-your-child-is-taken-into-care", + "title": "If your child is taken into care", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf your child is taken into care because of a care order, your council will share responsibility for making most of the important decisions about your child\u2019s upbringing, including:\n\n- who looks after them\n\n- where they live\n\n- how they are educated\n\nIf you agree to your child becoming \u2018looked after\u2019 and there is no care order, you\u2019ll continue to have parental responsibility for your child.\n\nIn either case, the council is responsible for:\n\n- making sure that an appropriate standard of care is provided\n\n- making sure only suitable people are employed to look after your child\n\n- providing proper training and support to staff and foster carers\n\n- listening to your child\u2019s views and your views about care arrangements and taking their religion, race, culture and background into account\n\n- making sure your child has someone independent to talk to and knows how to complain if necessary\n\nThe child may be placed with either:\n\n- another relative\n\n- a foster carer\n\n- a children\u2019s home\n\n## Care orders\n\nA care order is given by a court. It allows a council to take a child into care. Under the Children Act 1989 a council can apply for a care order if it believes a child is suffering or at risk of suffering significant harm.\n\nThe court decides if the child can be taken into care.\n\nCare orders last until:\n\n- the child\u2019s 18th birthday\n\n- an order is made giving parental responsibility to another person - for example, through adoption or special guardianship\n\n- the court lifts the order (this is called \u2018discharging\u2019 the order)\n\nA child can only be taken into care if they are under 18.\n\n## Making a complaint\n\nIf your child is in care and you\u2019re unhappy about their treatment, you can make a complaint. Talk to your child\u2019s carer or social worker first and if you\u2019re not happy, you can complain to your council.\n\n## Support for parents\n\nThe Family Rights Group Advice Service helpline provides confidential support for parents:\n\n## Care proceedings\n\nThe council can start \u2018care proceedings\u2019 if they\u2019re very worried about a child.\n\nThey can apply for a \u2018care order\u2019 which means the council will have parental responsibility for your child and can determine where your child can live.\n\nThey can apply for a \u2018placement order\u2019 as well if they believe that the child should be adopted. This allows the council to place the child with suitable adopters.\n\n## Interim care orders\n\nAt the start of care proceedings, the council asks the family court to make a temporary court order, called an \u2018interim care order\u2019.\n\nIf the court agrees, the council can take the child into care on a temporary basis. This can be for up to 8 weeks at first.\n\n## Looking at the case\n\nIt can take up to 26 weeks for a court to decide what should happen to the child. Some complex cases can take longer.\n\nDuring this time a social worker, an officer from the Children and Family Court Advisory and Support Service (Cafcass) and other people will be trying to understand the reasons why the child may be at risk. They will also look at what can be done to keep them safe.\n\nThey will talk to the parents and the child. They may talk to other family members or friends about looking after the child if they cannot safely live at home. The parents might also get support.\n\n## Reports\n\nThe social worker and Cafcass officer will each write a report for the court. These will outline what they think should happen to the child.\n\nThey will include whether they think the child should be taken into care or stay with the family.\n\nOnce all the information has been gathered, there will be a court hearing.\n\n## Going to court\n\nOnce all the information has been gathered, there will be a court hearing. The judge will look at the reports, and listen to everyone involved in the case, including:\n\n- the child\n\n- the parents\n\n- solicitors representing parents and children\n\n- the council social worker\n\n- the Children and Family Court Advisory and Support Service (Cafcass) officer\n\nThe child will go back home if the judge decides that they\u2019re safe. If not, the council will find them a new home. That may be with:\n\n- other members of their family\n\n- friends\n\n- a new family\n\n- a children\u2019s home\n\n- a foster carer\n\n## What Cafcass does\n\nIn care proceedings, a Children\u2019s Guardian from Cafcass represents the rights and interests of the child. They spend time getting to know the child and their family before the hearing.\n\nThe Children\u2019s Guardian:\n\n- appoints a solicitor for the child\n\n- advises the court about what needs to be done before it can make a decision\n\n- tells the court what they think would be best for the child \u2013 including the child\u2019s wishes and feelings\n\nThe Children\u2019s Guardian will usually spend time with the child and their family. They\u2019ll tell the court if they have not seen the child before they write their report. They may also talk to other people who know the family, like teachers, social workers and health visitors.\n\nThey may:\n\n- go to meetings about the child\n\n- check records and read the council\u2019s case file\n\n- recommend to the court that other independent professionals help the court with advice - for example, a doctor or psychologist\n\nCafcass workers are independent \u2013 they do not work for the council or the court.\n\nYou can find out more about what happens in care proceedings and about what Cafcass does on the Cafcass website.\n\n## Educating children in care\n\nThe council will be responsible for your child\u2019s education if they\u2019re taken into care. They must have someone called a \u2018virtual school head\u2019 to make sure social workers and others give proper attention to your child\u2019s education while in care.\n\nThere will also be a \u2018designated teacher\u2019, who is responsible for all of the children in care at your child\u2019s school.\n\nYour child will have an overall care plan, which will include education.\n\nMost of the decisions about the child\u2019s welfare will be taken by their social worker and foster carer (or residential care worker). You might also be involved, depending on the circumstances.\n\nThe social worker is responsible for making sure your child can achieve their potential, including:\n\n- working with your child\u2019s school to draw up a personal education plan\n\n- making sure they are well supported at school\n\n- making sure they go to school every day\n\n- choosing and applying for a school place when required\n\n- making sure that there are good links between social services and the child\u2019s designated teacher\n\n- being involved in any assessment for special educational needs\n\n- making sure that foster carers attend parents\u2019 evenings and any other school events which parents would attend", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If your child is taken into care because of a care order, your council will share responsibility for making most of the important decisions about your child\u2019s upbringing, including:

    ", + "
  • who looks after them
    • ", + "
  • where they live
    • ", + "
  • how they are educated
    • ", + "

    If you agree to your child becoming \u2018looked after\u2019 and there is no care order, you\u2019ll continue to have parental responsibility for your child.

    ", + "

    In either case, the council is responsible for:

    ", + "
  • making sure that an appropriate standard of care is provided
    • ", + "
  • making sure only suitable people are employed to look after your child
    • ", + "
  • providing proper training and support to staff and foster carers
    • ", + "
  • listening to your child\u2019s views and your views about care arrangements and taking their religion, race, culture and background into account
    • ", + "
  • making sure your child has someone independent to talk to and knows how to complain if necessary
    • ", + "

    The child may be placed with either:

    ", + "
  • another relative
    • ", + "
  • a foster carer
    • ", + "
  • a children\u2019s home
    • ", + "

    Care orders

    ", + "

    A care order is given by a court. It allows a council to take a child into care. Under the Children Act 1989 a council can apply for a care order if it believes a child is suffering or at risk of suffering significant harm.

    ", + "

    The court decides if the child can be taken into care.

    ", + "

    Care orders last until:

    ", + "
  • the child\u2019s 18th birthday
    • ", + "
  • an order is made giving parental responsibility to another person - for example, through adoption or special guardianship
    • ", + "
  • the court lifts the order (this is called \u2018discharging\u2019 the order)
    • ", + "

    A child can only be taken into care if they are under 18.

    ", + "

    Making a complaint

    ", + "

    If your child is in care and you\u2019re unhappy about their treatment, you can make a complaint. Talk to your child\u2019s carer or social worker first and if you\u2019re not happy, you can complain to your council.

    ", + "

    Support for parents

    ", + "

    The Family Rights Group Advice Service helpline provides confidential support for parents:

    ", + "

    Care proceedings

    ", + "

    The council can start \u2018care proceedings\u2019 if they\u2019re very worried about a child.

    ", + "

    They can apply for a \u2018care order\u2019 which means the council will have parental responsibility for your child and can determine where your child can live.

    ", + "

    They can apply for a \u2018placement order\u2019 as well if they believe that the child should be adopted. This allows the council to place the child with suitable adopters.

    ", + "

    Interim care orders

    ", + "

    At the start of care proceedings, the council asks the family court to make a temporary court order, called an \u2018interim care order\u2019.

    ", + "

    If the court agrees, the council can take the child into care on a temporary basis. This can be for up to 8 weeks at first.

    ", + "

    Looking at the case

    ", + "

    It can take up to 26 weeks for a court to decide what should happen to the child. Some complex cases can take longer.

    ", + "

    During this time a social worker, an officer from the Children and Family Court Advisory and Support Service (Cafcass) and other people will be trying to understand the reasons why the child may be at risk. They will also look at what can be done to keep them safe.

    ", + "

    They will talk to the parents and the child. They may talk to other family members or friends about looking after the child if they cannot safely live at home. The parents might also get support.

    ", + "

    Reports

    ", + "

    The social worker and Cafcass officer will each write a report for the court. These will outline what they think should happen to the child.

    ", + "

    They will include whether they think the child should be taken into care or stay with the family.

    ", + "

    Once all the information has been gathered, there will be a court hearing.

    ", + "

    Going to court

    ", + "

    Once all the information has been gathered, there will be a court hearing. The judge will look at the reports, and listen to everyone involved in the case, including:

    ", + "
  • the child
    • ", + "
  • the parents
    • ", + "
  • solicitors representing parents and children
    • ", + "
  • the council social worker
    • ", + "
  • the Children and Family Court Advisory and Support Service (Cafcass) officer
    • ", + "

    The child will go back home if the judge decides that they\u2019re safe. If not, the council will find them a new home. That may be with:

    ", + "
  • other members of their family
    • ", + "
  • friends
    • ", + "
  • a new family
    • ", + "
  • a children\u2019s home
    • ", + "
  • a foster carer
    • ", + "

    What Cafcass does

    ", + "

    In care proceedings, a Children\u2019s Guardian from Cafcass represents the rights and interests of the child. They spend time getting to know the child and their family before the hearing.

    ", + "

    The Children\u2019s Guardian:

    ", + "
  • appoints a solicitor for the child
    • ", + "
  • advises the court about what needs to be done before it can make a decision
    • ", + "
  • tells the court what they think would be best for the child \u2013 including the child\u2019s wishes and feelings
    • ", + "

    The Children\u2019s Guardian will usually spend time with the child and their family. They\u2019ll tell the court if they have not seen the child before they write their report. They may also talk to other people who know the family, like teachers, social workers and health visitors.

    ", + "

    They may:

    ", + "
  • go to meetings about the child
    • ", + "
  • check records and read the council\u2019s case file
    • ", + "
  • recommend to the court that other independent professionals help the court with advice - for example, a doctor or psychologist
    • ", + "

    Cafcass workers are independent \u2013 they do not work for the council or the court.

    ", + "

    You can find out more about what happens in care proceedings and about what Cafcass does on the Cafcass website.

    ", + "

    Educating children in care

    ", + "

    The council will be responsible for your child\u2019s education if they\u2019re taken into care. They must have someone called a \u2018virtual school head\u2019 to make sure social workers and others give proper attention to your child\u2019s education while in care.

    ", + "

    There will also be a \u2018designated teacher\u2019, who is responsible for all of the children in care at your child\u2019s school.

    ", + "

    Your child will have an overall care plan, which will include education.

    ", + "

    Most of the decisions about the child\u2019s welfare will be taken by their social worker and foster carer (or residential care worker). You might also be involved, depending on the circumstances.

    ", + "

    The social worker is responsible for making sure your child can achieve their potential, including:

    ", + "
  • working with your child\u2019s school to draw up a personal education plan
    • ", + "
  • making sure they are well supported at school
    • ", + "
  • making sure they go to school every day
    • ", + "
  • choosing and applying for a school place when required
    • ", + "
  • making sure that there are good links between social services and the child\u2019s designated teacher
    • ", + "
  • being involved in any assessment for special educational needs
    • ", + "
  • making sure that foster carers attend parents\u2019 evenings and any other school events which parents would attend
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/junior-individual-savings-accounts": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/junior-individual-savings-accounts", + "title": "Junior Individual Savings Accounts (ISA)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nJunior Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs) are long-term, tax-free savings accounts for children.\n\nIn the 2021 to 2022 tax year, the savings limit for Junior ISAs is \u00a39,000\n\n## Who can get a Junior ISA\n\nYour child must be both:\n\n- under 18\n\n- living in the UK\n\n## If your child lives outside the UK\n\nYour child can only get a Junior ISA if both the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a Crown servant (in the UK\u2019s armed forces, diplomatic service or overseas civil service, for example)\n\n- they depend on you for care\n\nYou cannot have a Junior ISA as well as a Child Trust Fund. If you want to open a Junior ISA ask the provider to transfer the trust fund into it.\n\n## How Junior ISAs work\n\nThere are 2 types of Junior ISA:\n\n- a cash Junior ISA, for example you will not pay tax on interest on the cash you save\n\n- a stocks and shares Junior ISA, for example your cash is invested and you will not pay tax on any capital growth or dividends you receive\n\nYour child can have one or both types of Junior ISA.\n\nParents or guardians with parental responsibility can open a Junior ISA and manage the account, but the money belongs to the child.\n\nThe child can take control of the account when they\u2019re 16, but cannot withdraw the money until they turn 18.\n\n## Open an account\n\nOnly parents or a guardian with parental responsibility can open a Junior ISA for under 16s.\n\nTo open a Junior ISA you need to:\n\n- choose the type of Junior ISA you want for your child - cash or stocks and shares (or both)\n\n- choose your account provider\n\n- get an application form from them\n\nYour child can only have:\n\n- 1 cash Junior ISA\n\n- 1 stocks and shares Junior ISA\n\nChildren aged 16 and 17 can open their own Junior ISA as well as an adult cash ISA.\n\n## Account providers\n\nYou can get a Junior ISA from a range of banks, building societies, credit unions, friendly societies and stock brokers.\n\nContact any of these directly for more information about how you can open a Junior ISA with them.\n\n## Add money to an account\n\nAnyone can pay money into a Junior ISA, but the total amount paid in cannot go over \u00a39,000 in the 2021 to 2022 tax year.\n\nYou can transfer money between:\n\n- your child\u2019s Junior ISAs\n\n- a Child Trust Fund (CTF) account and a Junior ISA - contact the Junior ISA provider to arrange this\n\nYou cannot transfer money between a Junior ISA and an adult ISA.\n\nIf your child moves abroad, you can still add cash to their Junior ISA.\n\n## Who the money belongs to\n\nMoney in a Junior ISA belongs to your child and cannot be taken out until they\u2019re 18, though there are exceptions to this.\n\n## Manage an account\n\nYour child\u2019s Junior ISA will be in their name, but the parent who opens it is responsible for managing the account and is known as the \u2018registered contact\u2019.\n\nThe registered contact is the only person who can:\n\n- change the account, for example from a cash to a stocks and shares Junior ISA\n\n- change the account provider\n\n- report changes of circumstances, for example change of address\n\nContact your account provider to do this.\n\n## Children older than 16\n\nIf your child is 16 or older they can:\n\n- become the registered contact for their Junior ISAs\n\n- open an adult cash ISA\n\nWhen your child turns 18 they can take out any money in their Junior ISAs.\n\nJunior ISAs automatically turn into an adult ISA when the child turns 18.\n\n## If your child lacks the mental capacity to manage their account when they turn 18\n\nYou, or a close friend or relative, need to apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order. This will allow you to manage your child\u2019s adult ISA account or take out money on their behalf once they turn 18.\n\nIn Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.\n\n## If your child is terminally ill or dies\n\nThe registered contact can take money out of a Junior ISA early if a child\u2019s terminally ill.\n\n\u2018Terminally ill\u2019 means that the child has a disease or illness that is going to get worse and is not expected to live more than 6 months.\n\n## How to take money out\n\nFill in the terminal illness early access form to let HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) know that:\n\n- your child is terminally ill\n\n- you want to take money out of their Junior ISA\n\nHMRC will let you know if you can take money out of your child\u2019s Junior ISA.\n\n## If your child dies\n\nIf your child dies, any money in their Junior ISAs will be paid to whoever inherits their estate.\n\nThis is usually one of the child\u2019s parents, but it could be their spouse or partner if they were over 16 and married or in a civil partnership.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou do not need to contact HMRC but you\u2019ll need to tell your account provider so they can close your child\u2019s Junior ISAs.\n\nYour account provider may need proof to do this, for example a copy of the death certificate.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Junior Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs) are long-term, tax-free savings accounts for children.

    ", + "

    In the 2021 to 2022 tax year, the savings limit for Junior ISAs is \u00a39,000

    ", + "

    Who can get a Junior ISA

    ", + "

    Your child must be both:

    ", + "
  • under 18
    • ", + "
  • living in the UK
    • ", + "

    If your child lives outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your child can only get a Junior ISA if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a Crown servant (in the UK\u2019s armed forces, diplomatic service or overseas civil service, for example)
    • ", + "
  • they depend on you for care
    • ", + "

    You cannot have a Junior ISA as well as a Child Trust Fund. If you want to open a Junior ISA ask the provider to transfer the trust fund into it.

    ", + "

    How Junior ISAs work

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of Junior ISA:

    ", + "
  • a cash Junior ISA, for example you will not pay tax on interest on the cash you save
    • ", + "
  • a stocks and shares Junior ISA, for example your cash is invested and you will not pay tax on any capital growth or dividends you receive
    • ", + "

    Your child can have one or both types of Junior ISA.

    ", + "

    Parents or guardians with parental responsibility can open a Junior ISA and manage the account, but the money belongs to the child.

    ", + "

    The child can take control of the account when they\u2019re 16, but cannot withdraw the money until they turn 18.

    ", + "

    Open an account

    ", + "

    Only parents or a guardian with parental responsibility can open a Junior ISA for under 16s.

    ", + "

    To open a Junior ISA you need to:

    ", + "
  • choose the type of Junior ISA you want for your child - cash or stocks and shares (or both)
    • ", + "
  • choose your account provider
    • ", + "
  • get an application form from them
    • ", + "

    Your child can only have:

    ", + "
  • 1 cash Junior ISA
    • ", + "
  • 1 stocks and shares Junior ISA
    • ", + "

    Children aged 16 and 17 can open their own Junior ISA as well as an adult cash ISA.

    ", + "

    Account providers

    ", + "

    You can get a Junior ISA from a range of banks, building societies, credit unions, friendly societies and stock brokers.

    ", + "

    Contact any of these directly for more information about how you can open a Junior ISA with them.

    ", + "

    Add money to an account

    ", + "

    Anyone can pay money into a Junior ISA, but the total amount paid in cannot go over \u00a39,000 in the 2021 to 2022 tax year.

    ", + "

    You can transfer money between:

    ", + "
  • your child\u2019s Junior ISAs
    • ", + "
  • a Child Trust Fund (CTF) account and a Junior ISA - contact the Junior ISA provider to arrange this
    • ", + "

    You cannot transfer money between a Junior ISA and an adult ISA.

    ", + "

    If your child moves abroad, you can still add cash to their Junior ISA.

    ", + "

    Who the money belongs to

    ", + "

    Money in a Junior ISA belongs to your child and cannot be taken out until they\u2019re 18, though there are exceptions to this.

    ", + "

    Manage an account

    ", + "

    Your child\u2019s Junior ISA will be in their name, but the parent who opens it is responsible for managing the account and is known as the \u2018registered contact\u2019.

    ", + "

    The registered contact is the only person who can:

    ", + "
  • change the account, for example from a cash to a stocks and shares Junior ISA
    • ", + "
  • change the account provider
    • ", + "
  • report changes of circumstances, for example change of address
    • ", + "

    Contact your account provider to do this.

    ", + "

    Children older than 16

    ", + "

    If your child is 16 or older they can:

    ", + "
  • become the registered contact for their Junior ISAs
    • ", + "
  • open an adult cash ISA
    • ", + "

    When your child turns 18 they can take out any money in their Junior ISAs.

    ", + "

    Junior ISAs automatically turn into an adult ISA when the child turns 18.

    ", + "

    If your child lacks the mental capacity to manage their account when they turn 18

    ", + "

    You, or a close friend or relative, need to apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order. This will allow you to manage your child\u2019s adult ISA account or take out money on their behalf once they turn 18.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.

    ", + "

    If your child is terminally ill or dies

    ", + "

    The registered contact can take money out of a Junior ISA early if a child\u2019s terminally ill.

    ", + "

    \u2018Terminally ill\u2019 means that the child has a disease or illness that is going to get worse and is not expected to live more than 6 months.

    ", + "

    How to take money out

    ", + "

    Fill in the terminal illness early access form to let HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) know that:

    ", + "
  • your child is terminally ill
    • ", + "
  • you want to take money out of their Junior ISA
    • ", + "

    HMRC will let you know if you can take money out of your child\u2019s Junior ISA.

    ", + "

    If your child dies

    ", + "

    If your child dies, any money in their Junior ISAs will be paid to whoever inherits their estate.

    ", + "

    This is usually one of the child\u2019s parents, but it could be their spouse or partner if they were over 16 and married or in a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You do not need to contact HMRC but you\u2019ll need to tell your account provider so they can close your child\u2019s Junior ISAs.

    ", + "

    Your account provider may need proof to do this, for example a copy of the death certificate.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/parental-rights-responsibilities": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parental-rights-responsibilities", + "title": "Parental rights and responsibilities", + "content": "## What is parental responsibility?\n\nAll mothers and most fathers have legal rights and responsibilities as a parent - known as \u2018parental responsibility\u2019.\n\nIf you have parental responsibility, your most important roles are to:\n\n- provide a home for the child\n\n- protect and maintain the child\n\nYou\u2019re also responsible for:\n\n- disciplining the child\n\n- choosing and providing for the child\u2019s education\n\n- agreeing to the child\u2019s medical treatment\n\n- naming the child and agreeing to any change of name\n\n- looking after the child\u2019s property\n\nParents have to ensure that their child is supported financially, whether they have parental responsibility or not.\n\n## Parental responsibility for separated parents\n\nIf you have parental responsibility for a child but you do not live with them, it does not mean you have a right to spend time with your children. However, the other parent must include you when making important decisions about their lives.\n\nYou do not always need to get the consent of the other parent for routine decisions, even if they also have parental responsibility.\n\nIf it\u2019s a major decision (for example, one of you wants to move abroad with your children) both parents with responsibility must agree in writing.\n\nYou can apply for a Specific Issue Order or Prohibited Steps Order if you cannot agree. A judge will then make a decision which is in your children\u2019s best interests.\n\nYou must make sure your children are financially supported, whether you have parental responsibility or not.\n\nYou can get help to arrange contact with your children.\n\n## Who has parental responsibility\n\nA mother automatically has parental responsibility for her child from birth.\n\nA father usually has parental responsibility if he\u2019s either:\n\n- married to the child\u2019s mother\n\n- listed on the birth certificate (after a certain date, depending on which part of the UK the child was born in)\n\nYou can apply for parental responsibility if you do not automatically have it.\n\n## Births registered in England and Wales\n\nIf the parents of a child are married when the child is born, or if they\u2019ve jointly adopted a child, both have parental responsibility.\n\nThey both keep parental responsibility if they later divorce.\n\n## Unmarried parents\n\nAn unmarried father can get parental responsibility for his child in 1 of 3 ways:\n\n- jointly registering the birth of the child with the mother (from 1 December 2003)\n\n- getting a parental responsibility agreement with the mother\n\n- getting a parental responsibility order from a court\n\n## Births registered in Scotland\n\nA father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s married to the mother when the child is conceived, or marries her at any point afterwards.\n\nAn unmarried father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s named on the child\u2019s birth certificate (from 4 May 2006).\n\n## Births registered in Northern Ireland\n\nA father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s married to the mother at the time of the child\u2019s birth.\n\nIf a father marries the mother after the child\u2019s birth, he has parental responsibility if he lives in Northern Ireland at the time of the marriage.\n\nAn unmarried father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s named, or becomes named, on the child\u2019s birth certificate (from 15 April 2002).\n\n## Births registered outside the UK\n\nIf a child is born overseas and comes to live in the UK, parental responsibility depends on the UK country they\u2019re now living in.\n\n## Same-sex parents\n\n## Civil partners\n\nSame-sex partners will both have parental responsibility if they were civil partners at the time of the treatment, eg donor insemination or fertility treatment.\n\n## Non-civil partners\n\nFor same-sex partners who are not civil partners, the 2nd parent can get parental responsibility by either:\n\n- applying for parental responsibility if a parental agreement was made\n\n- becoming a civil partner of the other parent and making a parental responsibility agreement or jointly registering the birth\n\n## Apply for parental responsibility\n\nIf you\u2019re not the mother, you can apply to court to get parental responsibility.\n\nYou need to be connected to the child, for example as their father, step-parent or 2nd female parent.\n\nMore than 2 people can have parental responsibility for the same child.\n\nScotland has its own set of rules, covered under \u2018ordinary cause procedures\u2019.\n\n## Sign a parental responsibility agreement\n\nIf you\u2019re a father who wants parental responsibility and the mother agrees, fill in a parental responsibility agreement.\n\nThere\u2019s a different agreement form for step parents.\n\nTake the agreement to your local family court where it can be signed and witnessed.\n\nAlso take the child\u2019s birth certificate and proof of your identity, like a passport or driving licence.\n\nSend 2 copies of the form to the address below:\n\n## Apply for a court order\n\nIf you want parental responsibility but cannot agree on arrangements with the mother, you can apply for a court order.\n\nA court order costs \u00a3215.\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\nTo apply, fill in the application for an order (C1).\n\nSend this to your local family court.\n\nIf you and your partner use a surrogate to have a child, you\u2019ll need to apply for a parental order.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What is parental responsibility?

    ", + "

    All mothers and most fathers have legal rights and responsibilities as a parent - known as \u2018parental responsibility\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you have parental responsibility, your most important roles are to:

    ", + "
  • provide a home for the child
    • ", + "
  • protect and maintain the child
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re also responsible for:

    ", + "
  • disciplining the child
    • ", + "
  • choosing and providing for the child\u2019s education
    • ", + "
  • agreeing to the child\u2019s medical treatment
    • ", + "
  • naming the child and agreeing to any change of name
    • ", + "
  • looking after the child\u2019s property
    • ", + "

    Parents have to ensure that their child is supported financially, whether they have parental responsibility or not.

    ", + "

    Parental responsibility for separated parents

    ", + "

    If you have parental responsibility for a child but you do not live with them, it does not mean you have a right to spend time with your children. However, the other parent must include you when making important decisions about their lives.

    ", + "

    You do not always need to get the consent of the other parent for routine decisions, even if they also have parental responsibility.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s a major decision (for example, one of you wants to move abroad with your children) both parents with responsibility must agree in writing.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Specific Issue Order or Prohibited Steps Order if you cannot agree. A judge will then make a decision which is in your children\u2019s best interests.

    ", + "

    You must make sure your children are financially supported, whether you have parental responsibility or not.

    ", + "

    You can get help to arrange contact with your children.

    ", + "

    Who has parental responsibility

    ", + "

    A mother automatically has parental responsibility for her child from birth.

    ", + "

    A father usually has parental responsibility if he\u2019s either:

    ", + "
  • married to the child\u2019s mother
    • ", + "
  • listed on the birth certificate (after a certain date, depending on which part of the UK the child was born in)
    • ", + "

    You can apply for parental responsibility if you do not automatically have it.

    ", + "

    Births registered in England and Wales

    ", + "

    If the parents of a child are married when the child is born, or if they\u2019ve jointly adopted a child, both have parental responsibility.

    ", + "

    They both keep parental responsibility if they later divorce.

    ", + "

    Unmarried parents

    ", + "

    An unmarried father can get parental responsibility for his child in 1 of 3 ways:

    ", + "
  • jointly registering the birth of the child with the mother (from 1 December 2003)
    • ", + "
  • getting a parental responsibility agreement with the mother
    • ", + "
  • getting a parental responsibility order from a court
    • ", + "

    Births registered in Scotland

    ", + "

    A father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s married to the mother when the child is conceived, or marries her at any point afterwards.

    ", + "

    An unmarried father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s named on the child\u2019s birth certificate (from 4 May 2006).

    ", + "

    Births registered in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    A father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s married to the mother at the time of the child\u2019s birth.

    ", + "

    If a father marries the mother after the child\u2019s birth, he has parental responsibility if he lives in Northern Ireland at the time of the marriage.

    ", + "

    An unmarried father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s named, or becomes named, on the child\u2019s birth certificate (from 15 April 2002).

    ", + "

    Births registered outside the UK

    ", + "

    If a child is born overseas and comes to live in the UK, parental responsibility depends on the UK country they\u2019re now living in.

    ", + "

    Same-sex parents

    ", + "

    Civil partners

    ", + "

    Same-sex partners will both have parental responsibility if they were civil partners at the time of the treatment, eg donor insemination or fertility treatment.

    ", + "

    Non-civil partners

    ", + "

    For same-sex partners who are not civil partners, the 2nd parent can get parental responsibility by either:

    ", + "
  • applying for parental responsibility if a parental agreement was made
    • ", + "
  • becoming a civil partner of the other parent and making a parental responsibility agreement or jointly registering the birth
    • ", + "

    Apply for parental responsibility

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not the mother, you can apply to court to get parental responsibility.

    ", + "

    You need to be connected to the child, for example as their father, step-parent or 2nd female parent.

    ", + "

    More than 2 people can have parental responsibility for the same child.

    ", + "

    Scotland has its own set of rules, covered under \u2018ordinary cause procedures\u2019.

    ", + "

    Sign a parental responsibility agreement

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a father who wants parental responsibility and the mother agrees, fill in a parental responsibility agreement.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different agreement form for step parents.

    ", + "

    Take the agreement to your local family court where it can be signed and witnessed.

    ", + "

    Also take the child\u2019s birth certificate and proof of your identity, like a passport or driving licence.

    ", + "

    Send 2 copies of the form to the address below:

    ", + "

    Apply for a court order

    ", + "

    If you want parental responsibility but cannot agree on arrangements with the mother, you can apply for a court order.

    ", + "

    A court order costs \u00a3215.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.

    ", + "

    To apply, fill in the application for an order (C1).

    ", + "

    Send this to your local family court.

    ", + "

    If you and your partner use a surrogate to have a child, you\u2019ll need to apply for a parental order.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/legal-rights-when-using-surrogates-and-donors": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-rights-when-using-surrogates-and-donors", + "title": "Surrogacy: legal rights of parents and surrogates", + "content": "## Overview\n\nSurrogacy is legal in the UK, but if you make a surrogacy agreement it cannot be enforced by the law.\n\n## The legal parents at birth\n\nIf you use a surrogate, they will be the child\u2019s legal parent at birth.\n\nIf the surrogate is married or in a civil partnership, their spouse or civil partner will be the child\u2019s second parent at birth, unless they did not give their permission.\n\nLegal parenthood can be transferred by parental order or adoption after the child is born.\n\nIf there is disagreement about who the child\u2019s legal parents should be, the courts will make a decision based on the best interests of the child.\n\n## Surrogacy agreements\n\nThe intended parents and surrogate can record how they want the arrangement to work in a surrogacy agreement.\n\nSurrogacy agreements are not enforceable by UK law, even if you have a signed document with your surrogate and have paid their expenses.\n\nYou cannot pay a surrogate in the UK, except for their reasonable expenses.\n\n## Donor\u2019s rights\n\nIf you use donated sperm or eggs with your surrogate, read about the rights of your donor.\n\nRead more about surrogacy and the legal process.\n\n## Become the child\u2019s legal parent\n\nYou must apply for a parental order or adoption if you want to become the legal parent of the child.\n\n## Parental orders\n\nYou can apply for a parental order with a partner or on your own.\n\n## Apply with a partner\n\nOne of you must be genetically related to the child - in other words, be the egg or sperm donor.\n\nYou must be one of the following:\n\n- married\n\n- civil partners\n\n- living as partners\n\nYou must also:\n\n- have the child living with you\n\n- reside permanently in either the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man\n\nYou must apply within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth.\n\n## Apply as an individual\n\nYou must be genetically related to the child - in other words, be the egg or sperm donor.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- have the child living with you\n\n- reside permanently in either the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man\n\nYou can apply for a child of any age if you apply before 4 July 2019. From 4 July 2019 you must apply within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth.\n\n## How to apply in England or Wales\n\nYou must fill in a \u2018C51 application form for a parental order\u2019 and take or send it to a family court.\n\nYou do not have to use your local family court, but you\u2019ll need to explain why if you do not.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide the child\u2019s full birth certificate and will also be charged a court fee of \u00a3215.\n\nThe court will then set a date for the hearing and issue you with a \u2018C52 acknowledgement form\u2019 that you must give to the child\u2019s legal parent, in other words, your surrogate.\n\nThe surrogate and anyone else who\u2019s a parent of the child must agree to the parental order by filling in form A101A.\n\n## How to apply in Scotland or Northern Ireland\n\nThe process is different if you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\nIn Scotland, contact the Court of Session or Sheriff Court.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, contact the Courts and Tribunals Service.\n\n## Adoption\n\nIf neither you or your partner are related to the child, adoption is the only way you can become the child\u2019s legal parent.\n\n## Children born outside the UK\n\nIf your surrogate gives birth abroad, you can only apply for a parental order if you and your partner are living in the UK.\n\nIf the child is not a UK or EU national, they will need a visa to enter the UK during this process.\n\nUsing a surrogate abroad can be complicated because different countries have different rules. You may want to get legal advice or contact The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority for more information.\n\nYou can also read about returning to the UK with your child.\n\n## Pay and leave\n\nYou and your partner may be eligible for adoption pay and leave and paternity pay and leave if you use a surrogate.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for paid leave, you may be able to take parental leave or annual leave.\n\n## Surrogates\n\nEvery pregnant employee has the right to 52 weeks\u2019 maternity leave and to return to their job after this.\n\nWhat a surrogate does after the child is born does not affect their right to maternity leave.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Surrogacy is legal in the UK, but if you make a surrogacy agreement it cannot be enforced by the law.

    ", + "

    The legal parents at birth

    ", + "

    If you use a surrogate, they will be the child\u2019s legal parent at birth.

    ", + "

    If the surrogate is married or in a civil partnership, their spouse or civil partner will be the child\u2019s second parent at birth, unless they did not give their permission.

    ", + "

    Legal parenthood can be transferred by parental order or adoption after the child is born.

    ", + "

    If there is disagreement about who the child\u2019s legal parents should be, the courts will make a decision based on the best interests of the child.

    ", + "

    Surrogacy agreements

    ", + "

    The intended parents and surrogate can record how they want the arrangement to work in a surrogacy agreement.

    ", + "

    Surrogacy agreements are not enforceable by UK law, even if you have a signed document with your surrogate and have paid their expenses.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay a surrogate in the UK, except for their reasonable expenses.

    ", + "

    Donor\u2019s rights

    ", + "

    If you use donated sperm or eggs with your surrogate, read about the rights of your donor.

    ", + "

    Read more about surrogacy and the legal process.

    ", + "

    Become the child\u2019s legal parent

    ", + "

    You must apply for a parental order or adoption if you want to become the legal parent of the child.

    ", + "

    Parental orders

    ", + "

    You can apply for a parental order with a partner or on your own.

    ", + "

    Apply with a partner

    ", + "

    One of you must be genetically related to the child - in other words, be the egg or sperm donor.

    ", + "

    You must be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • married
    • ", + "
  • civil partners
    • ", + "
  • living as partners
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • have the child living with you
    • ", + "
  • reside permanently in either the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man
    • ", + "

    You must apply within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth.

    ", + "

    Apply as an individual

    ", + "

    You must be genetically related to the child - in other words, be the egg or sperm donor.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • have the child living with you
    • ", + "
  • reside permanently in either the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man
    • ", + "

    You can apply for a child of any age if you apply before 4 July 2019. From 4 July 2019 you must apply within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth.

    ", + "

    How to apply in England or Wales

    ", + "

    You must fill in a \u2018C51 application form for a parental order\u2019 and take or send it to a family court.

    ", + "

    You do not have to use your local family court, but you\u2019ll need to explain why if you do not.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide the child\u2019s full birth certificate and will also be charged a court fee of \u00a3215.

    ", + "

    The court will then set a date for the hearing and issue you with a \u2018C52 acknowledgement form\u2019 that you must give to the child\u2019s legal parent, in other words, your surrogate.

    ", + "

    The surrogate and anyone else who\u2019s a parent of the child must agree to the parental order by filling in form A101A.

    ", + "

    How to apply in Scotland or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    The process is different if you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, contact the Court of Session or Sheriff Court.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, contact the Courts and Tribunals Service.

    ", + "

    Adoption

    ", + "

    If neither you or your partner are related to the child, adoption is the only way you can become the child\u2019s legal parent.

    ", + "

    Children born outside the UK

    ", + "

    If your surrogate gives birth abroad, you can only apply for a parental order if you and your partner are living in the UK.

    ", + "

    If the child is not a UK or EU national, they will need a visa to enter the UK during this process.

    ", + "

    Using a surrogate abroad can be complicated because different countries have different rules. You may want to get legal advice or contact The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority for more information.

    ", + "

    You can also read about returning to the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    Pay and leave

    ", + "

    You and your partner may be eligible for adoption pay and leave and paternity pay and leave if you use a surrogate.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for paid leave, you may be able to take parental leave or annual leave.

    ", + "

    Surrogates

    ", + "

    Every pregnant employee has the right to 52 weeks\u2019 maternity leave and to return to their job after this.

    ", + "

    What a surrogate does after the child is born does not affect their right to maternity leave.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/oneoff-decision-personal-welfare": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oneoff-decision-personal-welfare", + "title": "Apply for a one-off decision from the Court of Protection", + "content": "## Overview\n\nApply to the Court of Protection if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re concerned about the personal welfare or property and financial affairs of someone who\u2019s lost mental capacity\n\n- you want to get a one-off decision, for example to stop someone visiting a person who\u2019s lost mental capacity in a nursing home\n\nYou can only apply to the court if there\u2019s a major disagreement about a serious decision which cannot be agreed any other way. There are general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.\n\nCheck if someone has an attorney or deputy acting for them before you apply.\n\n## If there\u2019s an immediate risk to the person\n\nApply for an emergency or urgent court order if you think there\u2019s an immediate risk to the person, for example they need emergency medical treatment they cannot consent to.\n\n## If the person needs long-term help\n\nYou may have to apply to become a deputy if the person needs long-term help with decisions about personal welfare or property and financial affairs.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- an application form (COP1) - send the original and 2 copies\n\n- an assessment of capacity form (COP3) - get the person\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to fill in the relevant parts, and send the original and a copy\n\nYou may also need to download and fill in:\n\n- supporting information for property and financial affairs decisions (COP1A) - include any other relevant details by sending a completed witness form (COP24) with your application\n\n- supporting information for personal welfare applications (COP1B) - send the original and a copy\n\nYou must pay \u00a3365 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nSend a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your completed forms.\n\nRead the application form guidance notes (COP1) if you need help.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou must tell:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\n- people connected to the application\n\nTell them after you apply.\n\n## Tell other people you've applied\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms - they\u2019ll be stamped with an issue date.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get a letter from the court telling you what to do next.\n\nYou must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) certain people about the application within 14 days of the issue date.\n\n## Tell the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\nYou or your representative must visit the person and tell them:\n\n- who\u2019s applying to get a one-off decision about their personal welfare or property and financial affairs\n\n- that their ability to make decisions is being questioned\n\n- what the one-off decision would mean for them\n\n- where to get advice if they want to discuss the application\n\nYou must give the person:\n\n- a completed form COP 14 - use the guidance notes to fill it in yourself\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5), so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nThe person can get advice and assistance from the Court of Protection.\n\n## Tell people connected to the application\n\nYou must tell people named on your application that it\u2019s been issued.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirm you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)\n\nYou must confirm you\u2019ve told people within 7 days of sending the forms. Download and fill in both:\n\n- form (COP20A) for the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\n- form (COP20B) for other people named in the application\n\nThese forms are sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019.\n\nYou must send both forms to the Court of Protection at the same time.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll hear from the Court of Protection after you\u2019ve \u2018served notice\u2019 (told other people you\u2019ve applied).\n\nThe court will tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services\n\n- it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to make a decision, and when and where it\u2019ll take place\n\n## If there\u2019s a hearing\n\nYou must attend the hearing. You\u2019ll get a letter with a hearing date (\u2018notice\u2019) if the court decides to have a hearing.\n\nYou must tell the person you\u2019re getting a decision for about the hearing:\n\n- within 14 days of getting the notice\n\n- at least 14 days before the date of the hearing\n\nFill in the notice about proceedings (COP14) and give it to the person you\u2019re getting a decision for. Use the guidance notes if you need help.\n\nThe person can contact the Court of Protection for advice and assistance - you must explain this to them.\n\nSend a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days of when you told the person.\n\nYou must pay \u00a3500 if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nIf there\u2019s a hearing, you\u2019ll get a decision at it or afterwards by post.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision by post if there is not a hearing.\n\n## Challenge a decision\n\nYou can apply to the court for the decision to be reconsidered if it was made without a hearing - use form (COP9).\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nYou must ask for permission to appeal if there was a hearing. Download and fill in the appellants\u2019 notice (COP35).\n\nYou must pay \u00a3230. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Apply to the Court of Protection if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re concerned about the personal welfare or property and financial affairs of someone who\u2019s lost mental capacity
    • ", + "
  • you want to get a one-off decision, for example to stop someone visiting a person who\u2019s lost mental capacity in a nursing home
    • ", + "

    You can only apply to the court if there\u2019s a major disagreement about a serious decision which cannot be agreed any other way. There are general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.

    ", + "

    Check if someone has an attorney or deputy acting for them before you apply.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s an immediate risk to the person

    ", + "

    Apply for an emergency or urgent court order if you think there\u2019s an immediate risk to the person, for example they need emergency medical treatment they cannot consent to.

    ", + "

    If the person needs long-term help

    ", + "

    You may have to apply to become a deputy if the person needs long-term help with decisions about personal welfare or property and financial affairs.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • an application form (COP1) - send the original and 2 copies
    • ", + "
  • an assessment of capacity form (COP3) - get the person\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to fill in the relevant parts, and send the original and a copy
    • ", + "

    You may also need to download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • supporting information for property and financial affairs decisions (COP1A) - include any other relevant details by sending a completed witness form (COP24) with your application
    • ", + "
  • supporting information for personal welfare applications (COP1B) - send the original and a copy
    • ", + "

    You must pay \u00a3365 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    ", + "

    Send a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your completed forms.

    ", + "

    Read the application form guidance notes (COP1) if you need help.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You must tell:

    ", + "
  • the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for
    • ", + "
  • people connected to the application
    • ", + "

    Tell them after you apply.

    ", + "

    Tell other people you've applied

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms - they\u2019ll be stamped with an issue date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get a letter from the court telling you what to do next.

    ", + "

    You must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) certain people about the application within 14 days of the issue date.

    ", + "

    Tell the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for

    ", + "

    You or your representative must visit the person and tell them:

    ", + "
  • who\u2019s applying to get a one-off decision about their personal welfare or property and financial affairs
    • ", + "
  • that their ability to make decisions is being questioned
    • ", + "
  • what the one-off decision would mean for them
    • ", + "
  • where to get advice if they want to discuss the application
    • ", + "

    You must give the person:

    ", + "
  • a completed form COP 14 - use the guidance notes to fill it in yourself
    • ", + "
  • an acknowledgment form (COP5), so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told
    • ", + "
  • any other documents related to your application
    • ", + "

    The person can get advice and assistance from the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    Tell people connected to the application

    ", + "

    You must tell people named on your application that it\u2019s been issued.

    ", + "

    Send them:

    ", + "
  • a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)
    • ", + "
  • an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told
    • ", + "
  • any other documents related to your application
    • ", + "

    You can tell them:

    ", + "
  • by post
    • ", + "
  • by fax or email
    • ", + "
  • in person
    • ", + "

    Confirm you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)

    ", + "

    You must confirm you\u2019ve told people within 7 days of sending the forms. Download and fill in both:

    ", + "
  • form (COP20A) for the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for
    • ", + "
  • form (COP20B) for other people named in the application
    • ", + "

    These forms are sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must send both forms to the Court of Protection at the same time.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll hear from the Court of Protection after you\u2019ve \u2018served notice\u2019 (told other people you\u2019ve applied).

    ", + "

    The court will tell you if:

    ", + "
  • your application\u2019s been approved or rejected
    • ", + "
  • you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to make a decision, and when and where it\u2019ll take place
    • ", + "

    If there\u2019s a hearing

    ", + "

    You must attend the hearing. You\u2019ll get a letter with a hearing date (\u2018notice\u2019) if the court decides to have a hearing.

    ", + "

    You must tell the person you\u2019re getting a decision for about the hearing:

    ", + "
  • within 14 days of getting the notice
    • ", + "
  • at least 14 days before the date of the hearing
    • ", + "

    Fill in the notice about proceedings (COP14) and give it to the person you\u2019re getting a decision for. Use the guidance notes if you need help.

    ", + "

    The person can contact the Court of Protection for advice and assistance - you must explain this to them.

    ", + "

    Send a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days of when you told the person.

    ", + "

    You must pay \u00a3500 if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.

    ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a hearing, you\u2019ll get a decision at it or afterwards by post.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision by post if there is not a hearing.

    ", + "

    Challenge a decision

    ", + "

    You can apply to the court for the decision to be reconsidered if it was made without a hearing - use form (COP9).

    ", + "

    You must apply within 21 days of the date the decision was made.

    ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    You must ask for permission to appeal if there was a hearing. Download and fill in the appellants\u2019 notice (COP35).

    ", + "

    You must pay \u00a3230. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/mental-health-tribunal": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mental-health-tribunal", + "title": "Apply to the Mental Health Tribunal", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health) if you\u2019re admitted (\u2018detained\u2019) as a patient in a psychiatric hospital (\u2018sectioned\u2019) and want to be discharged.\n\nYou can apply on a patient\u2019s behalf if you\u2019re their:\n\n- legal representative\n\n- \u2018nearest relative\u2019\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nYou can also apply to the tribunal if you want to change:\n\n- a community treatment order\n\n- the conditions placed on your \u2018conditional discharge\u2019 from hospital\n\nThe tribunal deals with cases in England. There are different rules in Wales and rules in Scotland.\n\n## When to apply\n\nWhen you apply depends on how you were admitted - ask your doctor or lawyer (if you have one) if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nThere are deadlines for the first time you apply - you must apply within:\n\n- 14 days if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment (\u2018section 2\u2019)\n\n- 6 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019)\n\nGet legal advice if you\u2019re a \u2018restricted patient\u2019, for example you\u2019ve received an order from the Crown Court or been transferred from prison- the deadlines depend on your situation.\n\n## If you miss the deadline\n\nYou cannot apply to be discharged if you miss the deadline but you may be able to apply again later, for example after a year if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019).\n\nThe tribunal will automatically look at your case again after a certain period of time. This is sometimes known as a \u2018referral\u2019. The period of time depends on your case, for example:\n\n- if it\u2019s been 3 years since the tribunal gave you a hearing\n\n- you\u2019ve not had a hearing in the first 6 months of your detention\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get free legal help if you\u2019re a patient. It does not cost you anything as it\u2019s paid for by legal aid.\n\nFind a legal advisor near you or ask the tribunal to find one for you when you apply.\n\nYou can also get advice from:\n\n- Carers Direct\n\n- the charity Mind\n\n- the charity Rethink\n\n## Apply to the tribunal\n\nDownload and fill in an application to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health). You must include:\n\n- what you\u2019re applying for, for example discharge if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment or treatment\n\n- the patient\u2019s first name, surname and date of birth\n\n- full details of the care coordinator and hospital\n\n- the date of the section or order\n\n- contact details for the \u2018nearest relative\u2019 (if there is one)\n\n- your lawyer\u2019s details (if you have one)\n\n- whether you need an interpreter\n\n## Send the form\n\nPost or email the form to HM Courts and Tribunals Service. The contact details are on the form.\n\nContact the tribunal by phone or email if you have any questions about completing the form. The helpline and email address cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be told when the tribunal has received your application. You\u2019ll get information on your rights to legal representation if you did not include a lawyer\u2019s details in your application.\n\nYour \u2018nearest relative\u2019 will usually be told the date of the hearing - they can attend unless you object. Nearer the time of the hearing you\u2019ll be given copies of reports so that you can check that the information\u2019s correct and work out any questions you want to ask.\n\nThe date of the hearing depends on your situation. You\u2019ll usually get a hearing within:\n\n- 7 days of applying if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment\n\n- 2 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment\n\n- 4 months if you\u2019ve received an order from the Crown Court or been transferred from prison (known as a \u2018restricted patient\u2019)\n\n## Evidence from the tribunal doctor\n\nYou can ask for a pre-hearing examination with the tribunal doctor if you want one.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment, do this in writing when you send your application to the tribunal.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment or you\u2019re a restricted patient, you must do this at least 2 weeks before the hearing.\n\nWrite to:\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your pre-hearing examination may take place by video.\n\nThe tribunal will also ask the hospital for reports from:\n\n- your doctor\n\n- the social work and nursing teams responsible for your care\n\n- the Secretary of State for Justice if you\u2019re a restricted patient (and your social supervisor if you\u2019re living in the community on conditional discharge)\n\n## If you do not want to continue with your application\n\nWrite to the tribunal as soon as possible if you do not want to continue with your application. The tribunal will decide whether to accept your withdrawal.\n\nYou cannot withdraw your case if it was automatically referred to the tribunal, but you do not have to go to the hearing if you do not want to.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\nYou do not have to attend the hearing if you do not want to. You can bring a legal representative and a relative to the hearing if you do go - your representative can arrange for witnesses or experts to attend.\n\nHearings are usually held in private and attended by:\n\n- a judicial panel, made up of a judge, a doctor and a specialist lay member (for example a mental health social worker)\n\n- the patient\n\n- their hospital doctor, ward nurse and social worker\n\n- your legal representative, if you have one\n\nThe doctor, nurse and social worker will give evidence. You can also give evidence, and ask questions.\n\nThe tribunal will also look at:\n\n- your pre-hearing examination from the tribunal doctor, if you had one\n\n- an independent psychiatric report, if your legal representative asked for one\n\nIf you\u2019re a \u2018restricted patient\u2019 and have committed a serious offence against a person, they or their family can ask (or make \u2018representations\u2019) for certain conditions if the tribunal thinks you\u2019re ready for discharge.\n\n## Claim expenses\n\nYou may be able to claim expenses for going to the hearing. This includes money for:\n\n- travel costs\n\n- loss of earnings\n\n- food and drink, if you\u2019re away for more than 5 hours\n\nRead the guidance on claiming expenses.\n\n## The tribunal's decision\n\nThe tribunal usually decides at the end of the hearing on whether you should be discharged - you\u2019ll get the decision on the day, and you\u2019ll usually get full written reasons with 7 days of the hearing.\n\nThe tribunal can:\n\n- order your release (on the same day or at a future date)\n\n- recommend that you\u2019re transferred to a different hospital\n\n- recommend that your doctor considers you for treatment in the community\n\n- recommend that you\u2019re allowed to leave the hospital for periods of time, to see if you\u2019re ready for life in the community\n\nThe tribunal cannot change your treatment, for example medication.\n\n## Appeal\n\nIf you lose your case, you can ask the tribunal:\n\n- to cancel the decision - you must do this within 28 days of getting the written decision\n\n- for permission to appeal to a higher tribunal (the \u2018Upper Tribunal\u2019)\n\n## Ask the tribunal to cancel the decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to get a decision \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled) if you think there\u2019s been a mistake in the process, for example you were not told about the hearing so did not go.\n\nIf the tribunal cancels the decision, you may be able to get a new hearing.\n\nContact Citizens Advice if you need help.\n\n## Appeal to the Upper Tribunal\n\nYou can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you think there was a legal mistake, for example if they:\n\n- did not apply the correct law or wrongly interpreted the law\n\n- did not follow the correct procedures\n\n- had no evidence or not enough evidence to support its decision\n\nFill in the application for permission to appeal - the address is on the form.\n\nAnother judge will look to see if there\u2019s a legal problem with your case and if it needs to be heard again.\n\n## Complain\n\nYou cannot complain about the decision - you can only complain about the tribunal staff and the way the hearing took place.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on:\n\n- Mental Health Act 1983 (as amended by the Mental Health Act 2007)\n\n- Mental Health Act 2007\n\n- Human Rights Act 1998 if the case is about human rights\n\nThe tribunal must follow the Tribunal Procedure (First-Tier Tribunal) (Health, Education And Social Care Chamber) Rules 2008.\n\nDoctors\u2019 statements and reports must be written in line with the practice directions.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health) if you\u2019re admitted (\u2018detained\u2019) as a patient in a psychiatric hospital (\u2018sectioned\u2019) and want to be discharged.

    ", + "

    You can apply on a patient\u2019s behalf if you\u2019re their:

    ", + "
  • legal representative
    • ", + "
  • \u2018nearest relative\u2019
    • ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    You can also apply to the tribunal if you want to change:

    ", + "
  • a community treatment order
    • ", + "
  • the conditions placed on your \u2018conditional discharge\u2019 from hospital
    • ", + "

    The tribunal deals with cases in England. There are different rules in Wales and rules in Scotland.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply depends on how you were admitted - ask your doctor or lawyer (if you have one) if you\u2019re unsure.

    ", + "

    There are deadlines for the first time you apply - you must apply within:

    ", + "
  • 14 days if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment (\u2018section 2\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • 6 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Get legal advice if you\u2019re a \u2018restricted patient\u2019, for example you\u2019ve received an order from the Crown Court or been transferred from prison- the deadlines depend on your situation.

    ", + "

    If you miss the deadline

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to be discharged if you miss the deadline but you may be able to apply again later, for example after a year if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019).

    ", + "

    The tribunal will automatically look at your case again after a certain period of time. This is sometimes known as a \u2018referral\u2019. The period of time depends on your case, for example:

    ", + "
  • if it\u2019s been 3 years since the tribunal gave you a hearing
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve not had a hearing in the first 6 months of your detention
    • ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You can get free legal help if you\u2019re a patient. It does not cost you anything as it\u2019s paid for by legal aid.

    ", + "

    Find a legal advisor near you or ask the tribunal to find one for you when you apply.

    ", + "

    You can also get advice from:

    ", + "
  • Carers Direct
    • ", + "
  • the charity Mind
    • ", + "
  • the charity Rethink
    • ", + "

    Apply to the tribunal

    ", + "

    Download and fill in an application to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health). You must include:

    ", + "
  • what you\u2019re applying for, for example discharge if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment or treatment
    • ", + "
  • the patient\u2019s first name, surname and date of birth
    • ", + "
  • full details of the care coordinator and hospital
    • ", + "
  • the date of the section or order
    • ", + "
  • contact details for the \u2018nearest relative\u2019 (if there is one)
    • ", + "
  • your lawyer\u2019s details (if you have one)
    • ", + "
  • whether you need an interpreter
    • ", + "

    Send the form

    ", + "

    Post or email the form to HM Courts and Tribunals Service. The contact details are on the form.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal by phone or email if you have any questions about completing the form. The helpline and email address cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told when the tribunal has received your application. You\u2019ll get information on your rights to legal representation if you did not include a lawyer\u2019s details in your application.

    ", + "

    Your \u2018nearest relative\u2019 will usually be told the date of the hearing - they can attend unless you object. Nearer the time of the hearing you\u2019ll be given copies of reports so that you can check that the information\u2019s correct and work out any questions you want to ask.

    ", + "

    The date of the hearing depends on your situation. You\u2019ll usually get a hearing within:

    ", + "
  • 7 days of applying if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment
    • ", + "
  • 2 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment
    • ", + "
  • 4 months if you\u2019ve received an order from the Crown Court or been transferred from prison (known as a \u2018restricted patient\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Evidence from the tribunal doctor

    ", + "

    You can ask for a pre-hearing examination with the tribunal doctor if you want one.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment, do this in writing when you send your application to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment or you\u2019re a restricted patient, you must do this at least 2 weeks before the hearing.

    ", + "

    Write to:

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your pre-hearing examination may take place by video.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will also ask the hospital for reports from:

    ", + "
  • your doctor
    • ", + "
  • the social work and nursing teams responsible for your care
    • ", + "
  • the Secretary of State for Justice if you\u2019re a restricted patient (and your social supervisor if you\u2019re living in the community on conditional discharge)
    • ", + "

    If you do not want to continue with your application

    ", + "

    Write to the tribunal as soon as possible if you do not want to continue with your application. The tribunal will decide whether to accept your withdrawal.

    ", + "

    You cannot withdraw your case if it was automatically referred to the tribunal, but you do not have to go to the hearing if you do not want to.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    You do not have to attend the hearing if you do not want to. You can bring a legal representative and a relative to the hearing if you do go - your representative can arrange for witnesses or experts to attend.

    ", + "

    Hearings are usually held in private and attended by:

    ", + "
  • a judicial panel, made up of a judge, a doctor and a specialist lay member (for example a mental health social worker)
    • ", + "
  • the patient
    • ", + "
  • their hospital doctor, ward nurse and social worker
    • ", + "
  • your legal representative, if you have one
    • ", + "

    The doctor, nurse and social worker will give evidence. You can also give evidence, and ask questions.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will also look at:

    ", + "
  • your pre-hearing examination from the tribunal doctor, if you had one
    • ", + "
  • an independent psychiatric report, if your legal representative asked for one
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a \u2018restricted patient\u2019 and have committed a serious offence against a person, they or their family can ask (or make \u2018representations\u2019) for certain conditions if the tribunal thinks you\u2019re ready for discharge.

    ", + "

    Claim expenses

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim expenses for going to the hearing. This includes money for:

    ", + "
  • travel costs
    • ", + "
  • loss of earnings
    • ", + "
  • food and drink, if you\u2019re away for more than 5 hours
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on claiming expenses.

    ", + "

    The tribunal's decision

    ", + "

    The tribunal usually decides at the end of the hearing on whether you should be discharged - you\u2019ll get the decision on the day, and you\u2019ll usually get full written reasons with 7 days of the hearing.

    ", + "

    The tribunal can:

    ", + "
  • order your release (on the same day or at a future date)
    • ", + "
  • recommend that you\u2019re transferred to a different hospital
    • ", + "
  • recommend that your doctor considers you for treatment in the community
    • ", + "
  • recommend that you\u2019re allowed to leave the hospital for periods of time, to see if you\u2019re ready for life in the community
    • ", + "

    The tribunal cannot change your treatment, for example medication.

    ", + "

    Appeal

    ", + "

    If you lose your case, you can ask the tribunal:

    ", + "
  • to cancel the decision - you must do this within 28 days of getting the written decision
    • ", + "
  • for permission to appeal to a higher tribunal (the \u2018Upper Tribunal\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Ask the tribunal to cancel the decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to get a decision \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled) if you think there\u2019s been a mistake in the process, for example you were not told about the hearing so did not go.

    ", + "

    If the tribunal cancels the decision, you may be able to get a new hearing.

    ", + "

    Contact Citizens Advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the Upper Tribunal

    ", + "

    You can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you think there was a legal mistake, for example if they:

    ", + "
  • did not apply the correct law or wrongly interpreted the law
    • ", + "
  • did not follow the correct procedures
    • ", + "
  • had no evidence or not enough evidence to support its decision
    • ", + "

    Fill in the application for permission to appeal - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Another judge will look to see if there\u2019s a legal problem with your case and if it needs to be heard again.

    ", + "

    Complain

    ", + "

    You cannot complain about the decision - you can only complain about the tribunal staff and the way the hearing took place.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on:

    ", + "
  • Mental Health Act 1983 (as amended by the Mental Health Act 2007)
    • ", + "
  • Mental Health Act 2007
    • ", + "
  • Human Rights Act 1998 if the case is about human rights
    • ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the Tribunal Procedure (First-Tier Tribunal) (Health, Education And Social Care Chamber) Rules 2008.

    ", + "

    Doctors\u2019 statements and reports must be written in line with the practice directions.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/deputyship-refund": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deputyship-refund", + "title": "Claim a deputyship fee refund", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou might be eligible for a refund if you were overcharged deputyship fees by the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) for England and Wales.\n\nThe refunds are only for deputyship assessments and annual supervisions which took place between 1 April 2008 and 31 March 2015.\n\nThis page is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nTo find out if you\u2019re owed any money and how much you\u2019ll get, you\u2019ll need to make a claim to the OPG.\n\nIf you\u2019re a deputy acting under a current court order, you do not need to apply for a refund. Any overcharged fees will be refunded automatically.\n\nThe deadline for refund claims is 4 October 2022.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nHow much you get will depend on:\n\n- how much you paid and at what rate\n\n- how long you paid for\n\n- whether you have unpaid fees\n\nMost refunds will be less than \u00a3200. You\u2019ll also get 0.5% interest.\n\n## Who can claim\n\nYou can make a claim if you:\n\n- had a deputy previously\n\n- are acting on behalf of someone who had a deputy and has died\n\nThe deputyship must have been active between 1 April 2008 and 31 March 2015.\n\nIf you\u2019re still acting as a deputy, you do not need to apply. Any overcharged fees will be refunded automatically.\n\n## If you had a deputy previously\n\nIf you had a deputy but you now make your own decisions, you can apply for a refund.\n\nYou can also ask your property and financial affairs attorney to make a claim on your behalf.\n\n## If you\u2019re acting on behalf of someone who has died\n\nIf the person who used to have a deputy (the \u2018client\u2019) has died, the executor of the will must claim the refund.\n\nIf there is no executor, an administrator of the estate can apply.\n\nIf there is no estate administrator, a family member can apply.\n\n## What you do with the refund\n\nAny refund received should be divided between the beneficiaries of the client\u2019s estate.\n\nIf the client\u2019s estate has already been settled, you can get help from Citizens Advice or a solicitor to make sure you comply with the law.\n\n## What you'll need to claim\n\nTo claim, you\u2019ll need details of the person who had a deputy (the \u2018client\u2019). This includes their:\n\n- name\n\n- date of birth\n\n- address when the deputyship ended\n\n- date of death (if relevant)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide details of the bank account you\u2019d like the refund to be paid in to (if you do not want to be refunded by cheque).\n\n## Documents you\u2019ll need to provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send proof of your:\n\n- name\n\n- address\n\n- right to apply (if you\u2019re not the client)\n\nYou can send scanned and photocopied documents.\n\nYou can also send original documents. They will be returned to you by post.\n\nYou need to send a different piece of evidence for each type of proof.\n\n## Proof of your name\n\nThis can be:\n\n- current signed passport (copy of the page showing your name and photograph)\n\n- original birth or adoption certificate\n\n- current UK or EEA photocard driver\u2019s licence (not provisional licence)\n\n- full old-style driving licence\n\n- EEA member state identity card or national identity photo card\n\n- benefit book or original notification letter from the benefits agency\n\n## Proof of your address\n\nThis can be:\n\n- utility bill (not a mobile phone bill) from the last 12 months\n\n- current council tax bill\n\n- bank, building society or credit union statement or passbook dated within the last 3 months\n\n- original mortgage statement issued for the last full year\n\n- council or housing association or rent card or tenancy agreement for the current year\n\n## Proof of your right to apply\n\nInclude a copy of:\n\n- grant of probate (executors)\n\n- letters of administration (administrators)\n\n- death certificate (family members)\n\nIf you\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney, you\u2019ll need to provide the lasting power of attorney reference number.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou will need to complete a form and send it with your evidence.\n\n## Claim by email\n\nSend the form and evidence as email attachments to:\n\nDeputyshipFeeRefunds@justice.gov.uk\n\nYou\u2019ll need to attach scanned copies or clear photographs of original documents. The email size limit is 10MB but you can send more than one email.\n\nWrite \u2018Deputyship fee refund application\u2019 as the email subject.\n\n## Claim by post\n\nPost the form and your evidence to:\n\n## Claim by phone\n\nIf you cannot claim by email or fill in the form yourself, contact the helpline. You\u2019ll still need to send evidence.\n\n## After you've claimed\n\nYou\u2019ll be told by email or letter:\n\n- when your application has been received\n\n- if any information is missing\n\n- whether your claim is successful\n\n- the refund amount and when it\u2019ll be paid\n\n- the reasons for any rejection\n\n## When you\u2019ll get the refund\n\nIt can take up to 10 weeks to get a decision and a further 2 weeks to receive the refund.\n\n## If your claim is rejected\n\nYou can appeal by contacting the Refunds Helpline.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for a refund if you were overcharged deputyship fees by the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) for England and Wales.

    ", + "

    The refunds are only for deputyship assessments and annual supervisions which took place between 1 April 2008 and 31 March 2015.

    ", + "

    This page is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    To find out if you\u2019re owed any money and how much you\u2019ll get, you\u2019ll need to make a claim to the OPG.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a deputy acting under a current court order, you do not need to apply for a refund. Any overcharged fees will be refunded automatically.

    ", + "

    The deadline for refund claims is 4 October 2022.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    How much you get will depend on:

    ", + "
  • how much you paid and at what rate
    • ", + "
  • how long you paid for
    • ", + "
  • whether you have unpaid fees
    • ", + "

    Most refunds will be less than \u00a3200. You\u2019ll also get 0.5% interest.

    ", + "

    Who can claim

    ", + "

    You can make a claim if you:

    ", + "
  • had a deputy previously
    • ", + "
  • are acting on behalf of someone who had a deputy and has died
    • ", + "

    The deputyship must have been active between 1 April 2008 and 31 March 2015.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re still acting as a deputy, you do not need to apply. Any overcharged fees will be refunded automatically.

    ", + "

    If you had a deputy previously

    ", + "

    If you had a deputy but you now make your own decisions, you can apply for a refund.

    ", + "

    You can also ask your property and financial affairs attorney to make a claim on your behalf.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re acting on behalf of someone who has died

    ", + "

    If the person who used to have a deputy (the \u2018client\u2019) has died, the executor of the will must claim the refund.

    ", + "

    If there is no executor, an administrator of the estate can apply.

    ", + "

    If there is no estate administrator, a family member can apply.

    ", + "

    What you do with the refund

    ", + "

    Any refund received should be divided between the beneficiaries of the client\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    If the client\u2019s estate has already been settled, you can get help from Citizens Advice or a solicitor to make sure you comply with the law.

    ", + "

    What you'll need to claim

    ", + "

    To claim, you\u2019ll need details of the person who had a deputy (the \u2018client\u2019). This includes their:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • address when the deputyship ended
    • ", + "
  • date of death (if relevant)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide details of the bank account you\u2019d like the refund to be paid in to (if you do not want to be refunded by cheque).

    ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need to provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send proof of your:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • right to apply (if you\u2019re not the client)
    • ", + "

    You can send scanned and photocopied documents.

    ", + "

    You can also send original documents. They will be returned to you by post.

    ", + "

    You need to send a different piece of evidence for each type of proof.

    ", + "

    Proof of your name

    ", + "

    This can be:

    ", + "
  • current signed passport (copy of the page showing your name and photograph)
    • ", + "
  • original birth or adoption certificate
    • ", + "
  • current UK or EEA photocard driver\u2019s licence (not provisional licence)
    • ", + "
  • full old-style driving licence
    • ", + "
  • EEA member state identity card or national identity photo card
    • ", + "
  • benefit book or original notification letter from the benefits agency
    • ", + "

    Proof of your address

    ", + "

    This can be:

    ", + "
  • utility bill (not a mobile phone bill) from the last 12 months
    • ", + "
  • current council tax bill
    • ", + "
  • bank, building society or credit union statement or passbook dated within the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • original mortgage statement issued for the last full year
    • ", + "
  • council or housing association or rent card or tenancy agreement for the current year
    • ", + "

    Proof of your right to apply

    ", + "

    Include a copy of:

    ", + "
  • grant of probate (executors)
    • ", + "
  • letters of administration (administrators)
    • ", + "
  • death certificate (family members)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney, you\u2019ll need to provide the lasting power of attorney reference number.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You will need to complete a form and send it with your evidence.

    ", + "

    Claim by email

    ", + "

    Send the form and evidence as email attachments to:

    ", + "

    DeputyshipFeeRefunds@justice.gov.uk

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to attach scanned copies or clear photographs of original documents. The email size limit is 10MB but you can send more than one email.

    ", + "

    Write \u2018Deputyship fee refund application\u2019 as the email subject.

    ", + "

    Claim by post

    ", + "

    Post the form and your evidence to:

    ", + "

    Claim by phone

    ", + "

    If you cannot claim by email or fill in the form yourself, contact the helpline. You\u2019ll still need to send evidence.

    ", + "

    After you've claimed

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told by email or letter:

    ", + "
  • when your application has been received
    • ", + "
  • if any information is missing
    • ", + "
  • whether your claim is successful
    • ", + "
  • the refund amount and when it\u2019ll be paid
    • ", + "
  • the reasons for any rejection
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019ll get the refund

    ", + "

    It can take up to 10 weeks to get a decision and a further 2 weeks to receive the refund.

    ", + "

    If your claim is rejected

    ", + "

    You can appeal by contacting the Refunds Helpline.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/getting-help-with-your-tax-credits-claim": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-help-with-your-tax-credits-claim", + "title": "Claiming and dealing with tax credits for someone else", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can get permission to deal with someone else\u2019s tax credits. The type of permission you need depends on what you want to do.\n\nYou can:\n\n- contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about someone else\u2019s claim - as an authorised intermediary\n\n- take responsibility for someone else\u2019s tax credit claim when they cannot manage their own affairs - as an appointee\n\n- claim tax credits for both your child and their baby\n\n## Authorisation\n\nYou must be authorised to talk to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about someone else\u2019s tax credits. If you\u2019re not, every time you call that person must first confirm their identity and say they\u2019re happy for you to act for them.\n\n## Get authorised\n\nSend form TC689 to HMRC. This must be signed by the person (or persons if it\u2019s a joint claim) you\u2019re representing.\n\nThe authorisation lasts 12 months unless a different end date is put on the form. It usually takes 2 days to get authorised from when your form is received but can take longer if you send a letter instead of form TC689. Usually, you will not get a letter confirming your authorisation.\n\nMore than one person can be authorised but each one must send a TC689 form.\n\nTax credits will not be paid into your account unless you\u2019re the appointee.\n\n## If you act for a lot of clients\n\nWrite to HMRC to register as an \u2018intermediary organisation\u2019 if you work in the voluntary sector and act for many people.\n\nYou can get urgent authorisation online if you\u2019re an intermediary organisation and you have a completed TC689.\n\nUse form 64-8 to get authorisation if you\u2019re a paid agent. You can then use the Agent Priority Line to contact HMRC.\n\n## Cancel an authorisation\n\nAn authorisation can be cancelled by writing to HMRC.\n\n## Appointees\n\nYou can apply for the right to deal with the tax credits of someone who cannot manage their own affairs, for example because they\u2019re mentally incapable or severely disabled.\n\nThis is called becoming an \u2018appointee\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019re not an appointee if you just help someone complete their claim form.\n\n## Applying to become a tax credit appointee\n\nYou must be over 18 and have a bank account. You do not have to be a relative.\n\nIf you have a tax credit claim form, complete the appointee section explaining why the person cannot complete and sign their form. Then send the form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). They may contact you for more information before deciding whether to make you an appointee or not.\n\nIf you do not have a claim form, contact HMRC.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must:\n\n- sign the tax credit claim form\n\n- renew the tax credits claim\n\n- report any changes which affect how much money the person gets\n\n- tell HMRC if you\u2019re no longer the appointee\n\nAny tax credits the person gets are paid directly into your bank account. If you make a false or misleading statement you may be charged a penalty.\n\nThe claimant is responsible for paying back overpayments. Their tax credits may be reduced or you may be asked to make a direct payment on their behalf.\n\n## Stop being an appointee\n\nWrite to HMRC within 1 month of when you want to stop being the appointee.\n\n## Claim on behalf of your child\n\n## Your child is under 16\n\nIf your child has a baby, you can make the claim for both of them if they live with you. The money will be paid to you.\n\n## Your child is over 16\n\nYour child can make the claim themselves if they\u2019re over 16 and have a baby.\n\nYou can make the claim for them if both the following apply:\n\n- your child and their baby live with you\n\n- your child is in approved education or training\n\nYou must stop claiming tax credits for your child if they start claiming tax credits for themselves. Phone HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to stop claiming tax credits.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can get permission to deal with someone else\u2019s tax credits. The type of permission you need depends on what you want to do.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about someone else\u2019s claim - as an authorised intermediary
    • ", + "
  • take responsibility for someone else\u2019s tax credit claim when they cannot manage their own affairs - as an appointee
    • ", + "
  • claim tax credits for both your child and their baby
    • ", + "

    Authorisation

    ", + "

    You must be authorised to talk to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about someone else\u2019s tax credits. If you\u2019re not, every time you call that person must first confirm their identity and say they\u2019re happy for you to act for them.

    ", + "

    Get authorised

    ", + "

    Send form TC689 to HMRC. This must be signed by the person (or persons if it\u2019s a joint claim) you\u2019re representing.

    ", + "

    The authorisation lasts 12 months unless a different end date is put on the form. It usually takes 2 days to get authorised from when your form is received but can take longer if you send a letter instead of form TC689. Usually, you will not get a letter confirming your authorisation.

    ", + "

    More than one person can be authorised but each one must send a TC689 form.

    ", + "

    Tax credits will not be paid into your account unless you\u2019re the appointee.

    ", + "

    If you act for a lot of clients

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC to register as an \u2018intermediary organisation\u2019 if you work in the voluntary sector and act for many people.

    ", + "

    You can get urgent authorisation online if you\u2019re an intermediary organisation and you have a completed TC689.

    ", + "

    Use form 64-8 to get authorisation if you\u2019re a paid agent. You can then use the Agent Priority Line to contact HMRC.

    ", + "

    Cancel an authorisation

    ", + "

    An authorisation can be cancelled by writing to HMRC.

    ", + "

    Appointees

    ", + "

    You can apply for the right to deal with the tax credits of someone who cannot manage their own affairs, for example because they\u2019re mentally incapable or severely disabled.

    ", + "

    This is called becoming an \u2018appointee\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not an appointee if you just help someone complete their claim form.

    ", + "

    Applying to become a tax credit appointee

    ", + "

    You must be over 18 and have a bank account. You do not have to be a relative.

    ", + "

    If you have a tax credit claim form, complete the appointee section explaining why the person cannot complete and sign their form. Then send the form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). They may contact you for more information before deciding whether to make you an appointee or not.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a claim form, contact HMRC.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • sign the tax credit claim form
    • ", + "
  • renew the tax credits claim
    • ", + "
  • report any changes which affect how much money the person gets
    • ", + "
  • tell HMRC if you\u2019re no longer the appointee
    • ", + "

    Any tax credits the person gets are paid directly into your bank account. If you make a false or misleading statement you may be charged a penalty.

    ", + "

    The claimant is responsible for paying back overpayments. Their tax credits may be reduced or you may be asked to make a direct payment on their behalf.

    ", + "

    Stop being an appointee

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC within 1 month of when you want to stop being the appointee.

    ", + "

    Claim on behalf of your child

    ", + "

    Your child is under 16

    ", + "

    If your child has a baby, you can make the claim for both of them if they live with you. The money will be paid to you.

    ", + "

    Your child is over 16

    ", + "

    Your child can make the claim themselves if they\u2019re over 16 and have a baby.

    ", + "

    You can make the claim for them if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your child and their baby live with you
    • ", + "
  • your child is in approved education or training
    • ", + "

    You must stop claiming tax credits for your child if they start claiming tax credits for themselves. Phone HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to stop claiming tax credits.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/become-deputy": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-deputy", + "title": "Deputies: make decisions for someone who lacks capacity", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply to become someone\u2019s deputy if they \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019. This means they cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made. They may still be able to make decisions for themselves at certain times.\n\nPeople may lack mental capacity because, for example:\n\n- they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness\n\n- they have dementia\n\n- they have severe learning disabilities\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019ll be authorised by the Court of Protection to make decisions on their behalf.\n\n## Types of deputy\n\nThere are 2 types of deputy.\n\n## Property and financial affairs deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll do things like pay the person\u2019s bills or organise their pension.\n\n## Personal welfare deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll make decisions about medical treatment and how someone is looked after.\n\nYou cannot become someone\u2019s personal welfare deputy if they\u2019re under 16. Get legal advice if you think the court needs to make a decision about their care.\n\nThe court will usually only appoint a personal welfare deputy if:\n\n- there\u2019s doubt whether decisions will be made in someone\u2019s best interests, for example because the family disagree about care\n\n- someone needs to be appointed to make decisions about a specific issue over time, for example where someone will live\n\nRead the full guidance about when you need to make a personal welfare application.\n\n## Becoming a deputy\n\nYou can apply to be just one type of deputy or both. If you\u2019re appointed, you\u2019ll get a court order saying what you can and cannot do.\n\nWhen you become a deputy, you must send an annual report to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made.\n\n## How to apply\n\nCheck you meet the requirements to be a deputy.\n\nSend the application forms to the Court of Protection and pay the application fee.\n\nYou do not need to be a deputy if you\u2019re just looking after someone\u2019s benefits. Apply to become an appointee instead.\n\n## Checks on your application\n\nThe Court of Protection will check:\n\n- whether the person needs a deputy or some other kind of help\n\n- there are no objections to your appointment\n\nIf you\u2019re appointed, the Office of the Public Guardian will help you carry out your responsibilities.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to be a deputy until your court order is changed, cancelled or expires.\n\n## Other ways to make decisions for someone\n\nIf you want to make a single important decision, you can apply to the Court of Protection for a one-off order.\n\nIf the person already has a lasting power of attorney (LPA) or enduring power of attorney (EPA), they do not usually need a deputy. Check if they have an LPA or EPA before you apply.\n\n## Who can apply to be a deputy\n\nYou can apply to be a deputy if you\u2019re 18 or over. Deputies are usually close relatives or friends of the person who needs help making decisions.\n\nIf you want to become a property and affairs deputy, you need to have the skills to make financial decisions for someone else.\n\nThe court can appoint 2 or more deputies for the same person.\n\n## When there\u2019s more than one deputy\n\nWhen you apply, tell the court how you\u2019ll make decisions if you\u2019re not the only deputy. It will be either:\n\n- together (\u2018joint deputyship\u2019), which means all the deputies have to agree on the decision\n\n- separately or together (\u2018jointly and severally\u2019), which means deputies can make decisions on their own or with other deputies\n\n## Other types of deputy\n\nSome people are paid to act as deputies, for example accountants, solicitors or representatives of the local authority.\n\nThe Court of Protection can appoint a specialist deputy (called a \u2018panel deputy\u2019) from a list of approved law firms and charities if no one else is available.\n\n## Responsibilities\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019re responsible for helping someone make decisions or making decisions on their behalf.\n\nYou must consider someone\u2019s level of mental capacity every time you make a decision for them - you cannot assume it\u2019s the same at all times and for all kinds of things.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a court order from the Court of Protection which says what you can and cannot do. There are also general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.\n\n## Guidance for all deputies\n\nWhen you\u2019re making a decision, you must:\n\n- make sure it\u2019s in the other person\u2019s best interests\n\n- consider what they\u2019ve done in the past\n\n- apply a high standard of care - this might mean involving other people, for example getting advice from relatives and professionals like doctors\n\n- do everything you can to help the other person understand the decision, for example explain what\u2019s going to happen with the help of pictures or sign language\n\n- add the decisions to your annual report\n\nYou must not:\n\n- restrain the person, unless it\u2019s to stop them coming to harm\n\n- stop life-sustaining medical treatment\n\n- take advantage of the person\u2019s situation, for example abuse them or profit from a decision you\u2019ve taken on their behalf\n\n- make a will for the person, or change their existing will\n\n- make gifts unless the court order says you can\n\n- hold any money or property in your own name on the person\u2019s behalf\n\n## Property and affairs deputies\n\nYou must make sure:\n\n- your own property and money is separate from the other person\u2019s\n\n- you keep records of the finances you manage on their behalf in your annual report\n\nYou may need to manage a Court Funds Office account on the other person\u2019s behalf.\n\nYou could be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years (or both) if you mistreat or neglect the person on purpose.\n\n## Apply to be a deputy\n\nYou need to download and fill in all of the following:\n\n- an application form (COP1) - you\u2019ll need to send the original form plus a copy when you apply\n\n- an assessment of capacity form (COP3)\n\n- a deputy\u2019s declaration (COP4)\n\nYou also need to download and fill in:\n\n- a supporting information form (COP1A) if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy\n\n- a supporting information form (COP1B) if you\u2019re applying to be a personal welfare deputy\n\nYou must name at least 3 people in your application who know the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for. For example, their relatives, a social worker or doctor.\n\nThe court may not accept your application if you do not send the \u2018assessment of capacity\u2019 (COP3) form.\n\nIf you cannot get an assessment, you must download and fill in a witness statement (COP24) to explain why you think the person you\u2019re applying about lacks capacity.\n\nYou should keep a copy of every form you fill in.\n\n## Where to send your forms\n\nSend the forms, including 2 copies of the application form (COP1), to the Court of Protection with a cheque for the application fee.\n\n## Tell people named in your application\n\nThe court will aim to send you a stamped copy of your application within a week of receiving it. This means your application is being considered (it has been \u2018issued\u2019). You\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining what to do next.\n\nWithin 14 days of the application being issued, you must tell (sometimes called \u2018serving\u2019) the following people:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for\n\n- at least 3 people named in your application as having an interest, for example the person\u2019s relatives, social worker or doctor\n\nIf you cannot tell 3 people you should send in a witness statement (COP24).\n\n## Tell the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for\n\nYou or your representative must visit the person and tell them:\n\n- who\u2019s applying to be their deputy\n\n- that their ability to make decisions is being questioned\n\n- what having a deputy would mean for them\n\n- where to get advice if they want to discuss the application\n\nDuring the visit give them:\n\n- a completed proceedings notification form (COP14) - use the guidance notes to fill this in yourself\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\n## Tell people connected to your application\n\nYou must tell 3 people named on your application that it has been issued.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirming that you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)\n\nWithin 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the relevant forms (sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for (COP20A)\n\n- other people named in the application (COP20B)\n\nSend them all together to the Court of Protection.\n\n## Fees\n\nYou must pay:\n\n- a fee to apply to be a deputy\n\n- a supervision fee every year after you\u2019ve been appointed\n\nYou may also have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy.\n\n## When you apply\n\nYou must pay a \u00a3365 application fee. Send this with your application form.\n\nYou need to pay the application fee twice if you\u2019re applying to become both types of deputy.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a3485 if the court decides your case needs a hearing. The court will tell you when you need to pay this.\n\nMake all cheques payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\n## Security bonds for property and affairs deputies\n\nYou may have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy. This is a type of insurance that protects the finances of the person you\u2019re a deputy for.\n\nYou do not have to set up a bond if either:\n\n- you\u2019re representing a local authority\n\n- the court decides it\u2019s not necessary, for example if the person\u2019s estate has a low value\n\nIf you need to set one up, you\u2019ll get a letter from the court telling you this. The letter will explain what to do next.\n\nYou set up the bond with a security bond provider. The amount you pay depends on:\n\n- the value of the estate of the person you\u2019re a deputy for\n\n- how much of their estate you control\n\nYou can pay it either:\n\n- using the person\u2019s money\n\n- yourself - you can get the money back from the person\u2019s estate once you have access to it\n\nYou may be prosecuted if you misuse the person\u2019s money.\n\n## After you\u2019ve been appointed\n\nYou must pay an annual supervision fee depending on what level of supervision your deputyship needs. You\u2019ll pay:\n\n- \u00a3320 for general supervision\n\n- \u00a335 for minimal supervision - this applies to some property and affairs deputies managing less than \u00a321,000\n\nYour annual supervision fee is due on 31 March for the previous year.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay a \u00a3100 assessment fee if you\u2019re a new deputy.\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will tell you how and when to pay your assessment and supervision fees.\n\nYou may be able to claim a refund of your fees in certain situations.\n\n## Getting help with your application fee\n\nYou may not have to pay an application fee depending on:\n\n- what type of deputy you\u2019re applying to be\n\n- how much money you or the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for has\n\n| Type of deputy | Whose finances will be assessed |\n\n| Property and financial affairs | Theirs |\n\n| Personal welfare | Yours |\n\nThe guidance has information about getting help with your fees.\n\nYou can claim back the fee from the funds of the person you want to be a deputy for if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy.\n\nThe fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving the application.\n\n## Getting help with your supervision fees\n\nYou can apply for an exemption or reduction of the fee if the person you\u2019re a deputy for gets certain benefits or has an income below \u00a312,000. Read the guidance that comes with the form and apply if the person meets the requirements. The address is on the form.\n\nIf the person you\u2019re deputy for dies, you pay the supervision fee for the part of the year when you acted as deputy. For example, you\u2019ll have to pay \u00a317.50 if your minimal supervision deputyship comes to an end after 6 months.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nThere\u2019s a 14-day wait after you tell the other people involved that you applied, in case they object.\n\nThe Court of Protection will then review your application and tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you need to set up a security bond before you can be appointed\n\n- you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services\n\n- it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to get more information, for example if someone objected\n\nThere\u2019s usually no hearing if you applied to be a property and financial affairs deputy.\n\nRead guidance on how coronavirus (COVID-19) might affect your hearing and what you should bring.\n\n## Tell the person you want to be a deputy for about the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a notice with the date of the hearing if the court decides to hold one. You must visit the person you want to be deputy for and tell them about it:\n\n- within 14 days of getting the notice\n\n- at least 14 days before the date of the hearing\n\nGive them a completed notice about proceedings (COP14). Use the guidance notes to fill it in.\n\nYou must explain that they can contact Court of Protection staff for advice and assistance.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve told them, send a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.\n\nThe guidance explains what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.\n\n## When you're appointed\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a \u2018court order\u2019 telling you what you can and cannot do as a deputy. When you have this, you can start acting on the person\u2019s behalf.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the court order:\n\n- as soon as you\u2019re appointed - if you\u2019re a personal welfare deputy\n\n- after you set up a security bond - if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and have been asked to do this by the court\n\nYou\u2019ll need a separate court order before you can:\n\n- sell a property that\u2019s jointly owned if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy\n\n- make a one-off decision on anything else that\u2019s not covered by the court order\n\nCheck the court order. If there are any mistakes, download and fill in form COP9 with the details and send it to the court within 21 days of receiving the court order. There is no fee.\n\n## Tell people and organisations you\u2019re a deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll get official copies of the court order to send to banks and building societies, for example. These prove you\u2019re acting on behalf of the other person. When you send out an official copy, ask for it to be returned.\n\nOrder extra copies of the court order by writing to the Court of Protection. They cost \u00a35 each.\n\n## Start managing a bank account\n\nBefore you can manage an account, you must show the bank:\n\n- the original court order, or an official copy of it\n\n- proof of your name, for example your passport or driving licence\n\n- proof of your address, for example a gas, electricity or council tax bill, or letter from a government department\n\n- proof of the name or address of the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for - if they\u2019re not the same as on the bank account\n\n## Court Funds Office accounts\n\nIf the person you\u2019re deputy for has money in a Court Funds Office account, you\u2019ll be sent information about how to access it.\n\nYou can also apply to open an account with the Court Funds Office if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and it\u2019s in the person\u2019s best interests.\n\n## Record your decisions and transactions\n\nYou can start your annual report to record your decisions and transactions, such as paying bills.\n\n## Supervision, support and visits\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019ll be supervised by the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG). They\u2019re authorised to contact you or visit you to check you\u2019re being an effective deputy. They can also give you advice and support.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be supervised\n\nNew deputies get a \u2018general\u2019 level of supervision for their first year.\n\nAfter that, if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy you\u2019ll move to \u2018minimal\u2019 supervision if both:\n\n- you\u2019re managing less than \u00a321,000\n\n- you no longer need a general level of supervision\n\nYou\u2019ll pay a lower fee and have to write a shorter annual report than deputies with general supervision.\n\n## Supervision visits\n\nYou may be visited by a Court of Protection visitor to check if you:\n\n- understand your duties\n\n- have the right level of support from OPG\n\n- are carrying out your duties properly\n\n- are being investigated because of a complaint\n\nThe visitor will call you to arrange the visit and explain why they\u2019re visiting.\n\n## Contact OPG\n\nTell OPG if you\u2019re planning to make an important decision, for example you want to sell the property of the person you\u2019re deputy for so they can move into a care home.\n\n## Accounts, gifts and expenses\n\nYou must keep accounts and follow the rules for gifts and expenses if you\u2019re acting as deputy for someone else. You must also record the transactions in your annual report.\n\n## Accounts\n\nAs a property and affairs deputy, you must keep copies of:\n\n- bank statements\n\n- contracts for services or tradespeople\n\n- receipts\n\n- letters and emails about your activities as a deputy\n\n## Gifts\n\nYour court order will say if you can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the other person, including donations to charities. It will also say if there\u2019s an annual limit on how much money you can use for gifts.\n\nGifts must be reasonable. You need to make sure any gifts do not reduce the level of care the person you\u2019re deputy for can afford.\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if you want to make a one-off large gift for Inheritance Tax purposes, for example.\n\n## Expenses\n\nYou can claim expenses for things you must do to carry out your role as deputy, for example phone calls, postage and travel costs. You cannot claim:\n\n- travel costs for social visits\n\n- for the time spent carrying out your duties (unless you\u2019re a professional deputy, for example a solicitor)\n\nYou may be asked to give a detailed report of what you spent. You\u2019ll have to pay the money back if the Office of the Public Guardian finds your expenses are unreasonable. They may ask the court to stop you being a deputy if they think you\u2019ve been dishonest.\n\n## Complete your deputy report\n\nYou must write a report each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made as a deputy. You might be asked to do this more often if the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) needs additional information.\n\nYou may also need to write a final report if you stop being a deputy.\n\nIf you\u2019re a public authority or professional deputy using the service for the first time, you need to contact your case manager to register first. If you\u2019re a deputy for a friend or family member, you can create an account online.\n\nStart now\n\nOr you can download and fill in a paper annual report form. The address you need to send it to is on the form.\n\n## What to include\n\nYour report must include:\n\n- the reasons for your decisions and why they were in the best interests of the person you\u2019re deputy for\n\n- who you spoke to and why what they said was in the person\u2019s best interests\n\n- the finances of the person if you\u2019re their property and financial deputy\n\nThe OPG will tell you when it\u2019s time to send it.\n\nIf you do not send the report the OPG might:\n\n- increase your level of supervision\n\n- ask the court to replace you with a different deputy\n\n## Change your deputyship or make a one-off decision\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if you have to:\n\n- renew your deputyship\n\n- change your deputyship, for example make decisions that are not in the original order\n\n- make a one-off decision on something not covered by your court order\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in both:\n\n- an application form (COP 1)\n\n- a witness statement form (COP24) with a copy of the current order appointing you as a deputy attached\n\nYour witness statement should include:\n\n- the total annual income of the person you\u2019re a deputy for including pensions\n\n- a summary of their assets, for example bank balances, savings, investments\n\n- details of property they own\n\n- the annual cost of their care and other regular items of major expenditure\n\n- the value of the security bond set by the court\n\n- a description of the circumstances that have led to the application being made\n\nSend the Court of Protection:\n\n- the completed forms\n\n- a cheque for the application fee - \u00a3365 - payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nYou can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nIf you need help with changing your deputyship, call the Court of Protection.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou may have to notify other people about the change to the court order if the court tells you to.\n\nThey can object or ask the court to reconsider any proposed changes they do not agree with. They can do this:\n\n- before the court order is issued\n\n- up to 21 days after the court order is issued\n\n## End your deputyship\n\nIf you no longer want or need to be a deputy, download and fill in the application notice (COP1) and send it to the Court of Protection.\n\nIf the person has recovered mental capacity, download and fill in form COP 9. Send it to the Court of Protection with any supporting evidence, for example a doctor\u2019s letter.\n\nYou cannot stop being a deputy until you\u2019ve got the relevant court order.\n\n## If the person you\u2019re deputy for dies\n\nContact the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and the Court of Protection to tell them that the person has died.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to send evidence to OPG that the person has died, for example a death certificate. Check the full list of evidence that OPG accepts.\n\nYour security bond will remain in force for 2 years after the death of the person you\u2019re a deputy for unless there\u2019s a court order cancelling it.\n\nContact the Court Funds Office if the person you were deputy for had an account with them.\n\nRead more about how to be a deputy.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

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    You can apply to become someone\u2019s deputy if they \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019. This means they cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made. They may still be able to make decisions for themselves at certain times.

    ", + "

    People may lack mental capacity because, for example:

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  • they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness
    • ", + "
  • they have dementia
    • ", + "
  • they have severe learning disabilities
    • ", + "

    As a deputy, you\u2019ll be authorised by the Court of Protection to make decisions on their behalf.

    ", + "

    Types of deputy

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    There are 2 types of deputy.

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    Property and financial affairs deputy

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    You\u2019ll do things like pay the person\u2019s bills or organise their pension.

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    Personal welfare deputy

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll make decisions about medical treatment and how someone is looked after.

    ", + "

    You cannot become someone\u2019s personal welfare deputy if they\u2019re under 16. Get legal advice if you think the court needs to make a decision about their care.

    ", + "

    The court will usually only appoint a personal welfare deputy if:

    ", + "
  • there\u2019s doubt whether decisions will be made in someone\u2019s best interests, for example because the family disagree about care
    • ", + "
  • someone needs to be appointed to make decisions about a specific issue over time, for example where someone will live
    • ", + "

    Read the full guidance about when you need to make a personal welfare application.

    ", + "

    Becoming a deputy

    ", + "

    You can apply to be just one type of deputy or both. If you\u2019re appointed, you\u2019ll get a court order saying what you can and cannot do.

    ", + "

    When you become a deputy, you must send an annual report to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Check you meet the requirements to be a deputy.

    ", + "

    Send the application forms to the Court of Protection and pay the application fee.

    ", + "

    You do not need to be a deputy if you\u2019re just looking after someone\u2019s benefits. Apply to become an appointee instead.

    ", + "

    Checks on your application

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection will check:

    ", + "
  • whether the person needs a deputy or some other kind of help
    • ", + "
  • there are no objections to your appointment
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re appointed, the Office of the Public Guardian will help you carry out your responsibilities.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue to be a deputy until your court order is changed, cancelled or expires.

    ", + "

    Other ways to make decisions for someone

    ", + "

    If you want to make a single important decision, you can apply to the Court of Protection for a one-off order.

    ", + "

    If the person already has a lasting power of attorney (LPA) or enduring power of attorney (EPA), they do not usually need a deputy. Check if they have an LPA or EPA before you apply.

    ", + "

    Who can apply to be a deputy

    ", + "

    You can apply to be a deputy if you\u2019re 18 or over. Deputies are usually close relatives or friends of the person who needs help making decisions.

    ", + "

    If you want to become a property and affairs deputy, you need to have the skills to make financial decisions for someone else.

    ", + "

    The court can appoint 2 or more deputies for the same person.

    ", + "

    When there\u2019s more than one deputy

    ", + "

    When you apply, tell the court how you\u2019ll make decisions if you\u2019re not the only deputy. It will be either:

    ", + "
  • together (\u2018joint deputyship\u2019), which means all the deputies have to agree on the decision
    • ", + "
  • separately or together (\u2018jointly and severally\u2019), which means deputies can make decisions on their own or with other deputies
    • ", + "

    Other types of deputy

    ", + "

    Some people are paid to act as deputies, for example accountants, solicitors or representatives of the local authority.

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection can appoint a specialist deputy (called a \u2018panel deputy\u2019) from a list of approved law firms and charities if no one else is available.

    ", + "

    Responsibilities

    ", + "

    As a deputy, you\u2019re responsible for helping someone make decisions or making decisions on their behalf.

    ", + "

    You must consider someone\u2019s level of mental capacity every time you make a decision for them - you cannot assume it\u2019s the same at all times and for all kinds of things.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a court order from the Court of Protection which says what you can and cannot do. There are also general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.

    ", + "

    Guidance for all deputies

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re making a decision, you must:

    ", + "
  • make sure it\u2019s in the other person\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • consider what they\u2019ve done in the past
    • ", + "
  • apply a high standard of care - this might mean involving other people, for example getting advice from relatives and professionals like doctors
    • ", + "
  • do everything you can to help the other person understand the decision, for example explain what\u2019s going to happen with the help of pictures or sign language
    • ", + "
  • add the decisions to your annual report
    • ", + "

    You must not:

    ", + "
  • restrain the person, unless it\u2019s to stop them coming to harm
    • ", + "
  • stop life-sustaining medical treatment
    • ", + "
  • take advantage of the person\u2019s situation, for example abuse them or profit from a decision you\u2019ve taken on their behalf
    • ", + "
  • make a will for the person, or change their existing will
    • ", + "
  • make gifts unless the court order says you can
    • ", + "
  • hold any money or property in your own name on the person\u2019s behalf
    • ", + "

    Property and affairs deputies

    ", + "

    You must make sure:

    ", + "
  • your own property and money is separate from the other person\u2019s
    • ", + "
  • you keep records of the finances you manage on their behalf in your annual report
    • ", + "

    You may need to manage a Court Funds Office account on the other person\u2019s behalf.

    ", + "

    You could be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years (or both) if you mistreat or neglect the person on purpose.

    ", + "

    Apply to be a deputy

    ", + "

    You need to download and fill in all of the following:

    ", + "
  • an application form (COP1) - you\u2019ll need to send the original form plus a copy when you apply
    • ", + "
  • an assessment of capacity form (COP3)
    • ", + "
  • a deputy\u2019s declaration (COP4)
    • ", + "

    You also need to download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • a supporting information form (COP1A) if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy
    • ", + "
  • a supporting information form (COP1B) if you\u2019re applying to be a personal welfare deputy
    • ", + "

    You must name at least 3 people in your application who know the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for. For example, their relatives, a social worker or doctor.

    ", + "

    The court may not accept your application if you do not send the \u2018assessment of capacity\u2019 (COP3) form.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get an assessment, you must download and fill in a witness statement (COP24) to explain why you think the person you\u2019re applying about lacks capacity.

    ", + "

    You should keep a copy of every form you fill in.

    ", + "

    Where to send your forms

    ", + "

    Send the forms, including 2 copies of the application form (COP1), to the Court of Protection with a cheque for the application fee.

    ", + "

    Tell people named in your application

    ", + "

    The court will aim to send you a stamped copy of your application within a week of receiving it. This means your application is being considered (it has been \u2018issued\u2019). You\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining what to do next.

    ", + "

    Within 14 days of the application being issued, you must tell (sometimes called \u2018serving\u2019) the following people:

    ", + "
  • the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for
    • ", + "
  • at least 3 people named in your application as having an interest, for example the person\u2019s relatives, social worker or doctor
    • ", + "

    If you cannot tell 3 people you should send in a witness statement (COP24).

    ", + "

    Tell the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for

    ", + "

    You or your representative must visit the person and tell them:

    ", + "
  • who\u2019s applying to be their deputy
    • ", + "
  • that their ability to make decisions is being questioned
    • ", + "
  • what having a deputy would mean for them
    • ", + "
  • where to get advice if they want to discuss the application
    • ", + "

    During the visit give them:

    ", + "
  • a completed proceedings notification form (COP14) - use the guidance notes to fill this in yourself
    • ", + "
  • an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it
    • ", + "
  • any other documents related to your application
    • ", + "

    Tell people connected to your application

    ", + "

    You must tell 3 people named on your application that it has been issued.

    ", + "

    Send them:

    ", + "
  • a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)
    • ", + "
  • an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it
    • ", + "
  • any other documents related to your application
    • ", + "

    You can tell them:

    ", + "
  • by post to their home address
    • ", + "
  • by fax or email
    • ", + "
  • in person
    • ", + "

    Confirming that you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)

    ", + "

    Within 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the relevant forms (sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:

    ", + "
  • the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for (COP20A)
    • ", + "
  • other people named in the application (COP20B)
    • ", + "

    Send them all together to the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    You must pay:

    ", + "
  • a fee to apply to be a deputy
    • ", + "
  • a supervision fee every year after you\u2019ve been appointed
    • ", + "

    You may also have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy.

    ", + "

    When you apply

    ", + "

    You must pay a \u00a3365 application fee. Send this with your application form.

    ", + "

    You need to pay the application fee twice if you\u2019re applying to become both types of deputy.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a3485 if the court decides your case needs a hearing. The court will tell you when you need to pay this.

    ", + "

    Make all cheques payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.

    ", + "

    Security bonds for property and affairs deputies

    ", + "

    You may have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy. This is a type of insurance that protects the finances of the person you\u2019re a deputy for.

    ", + "

    You do not have to set up a bond if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re representing a local authority
    • ", + "
  • the court decides it\u2019s not necessary, for example if the person\u2019s estate has a low value
    • ", + "

    If you need to set one up, you\u2019ll get a letter from the court telling you this. The letter will explain what to do next.

    ", + "

    You set up the bond with a security bond provider. The amount you pay depends on:

    ", + "
  • the value of the estate of the person you\u2019re a deputy for
    • ", + "
  • how much of their estate you control
    • ", + "

    You can pay it either:

    ", + "
  • using the person\u2019s money
    • ", + "
  • yourself - you can get the money back from the person\u2019s estate once you have access to it
    • ", + "

    You may be prosecuted if you misuse the person\u2019s money.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve been appointed

    ", + "

    You must pay an annual supervision fee depending on what level of supervision your deputyship needs. You\u2019ll pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3320 for general supervision
    • ", + "
  • \u00a335 for minimal supervision - this applies to some property and affairs deputies managing less than \u00a321,000
    • ", + "

    Your annual supervision fee is due on 31 March for the previous year.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay a \u00a3100 assessment fee if you\u2019re a new deputy.

    ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian will tell you how and when to pay your assessment and supervision fees.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim a refund of your fees in certain situations.

    ", + "

    Getting help with your application fee

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay an application fee depending on:

    ", + "
  • what type of deputy you\u2019re applying to be
    • ", + "
  • how much money you or the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for has
    • ", + "Type of deputy | Whose finances will be assessed", + "Property and financial affairs | Theirs", + "Personal welfare | Yours", + "

    The guidance has information about getting help with your fees.

    ", + "

    You can claim back the fee from the funds of the person you want to be a deputy for if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy.

    ", + "

    The fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving the application.

    ", + "

    Getting help with your supervision fees

    ", + "

    You can apply for an exemption or reduction of the fee if the person you\u2019re a deputy for gets certain benefits or has an income below \u00a312,000. Read the guidance that comes with the form and apply if the person meets the requirements. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    If the person you\u2019re deputy for dies, you pay the supervision fee for the part of the year when you acted as deputy. For example, you\u2019ll have to pay \u00a317.50 if your minimal supervision deputyship comes to an end after 6 months.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a 14-day wait after you tell the other people involved that you applied, in case they object.

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection will then review your application and tell you if:

    ", + "
  • your application\u2019s been approved or rejected
    • ", + "
  • you need to set up a security bond before you can be appointed
    • ", + "
  • you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to get more information, for example if someone objected
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s usually no hearing if you applied to be a property and financial affairs deputy.

    ", + "

    Read guidance on how coronavirus (COVID-19) might affect your hearing and what you should bring.

    ", + "

    Tell the person you want to be a deputy for about the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a notice with the date of the hearing if the court decides to hold one. You must visit the person you want to be deputy for and tell them about it:

    ", + "
  • within 14 days of getting the notice
    • ", + "
  • at least 14 days before the date of the hearing
    • ", + "

    Give them a completed notice about proceedings (COP14). Use the guidance notes to fill it in.

    ", + "

    You must explain that they can contact Court of Protection staff for advice and assistance.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve told them, send a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a fee if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.

    ", + "

    The guidance explains what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.

    ", + "

    When you're appointed

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a \u2018court order\u2019 telling you what you can and cannot do as a deputy. When you have this, you can start acting on the person\u2019s behalf.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent the court order:

    ", + "
  • as soon as you\u2019re appointed - if you\u2019re a personal welfare deputy
    • ", + "
  • after you set up a security bond - if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and have been asked to do this by the court
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a separate court order before you can:

    ", + "
  • sell a property that\u2019s jointly owned if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy
    • ", + "
  • make a one-off decision on anything else that\u2019s not covered by the court order
    • ", + "

    Check the court order. If there are any mistakes, download and fill in form COP9 with the details and send it to the court within 21 days of receiving the court order. There is no fee.

    ", + "

    Tell people and organisations you\u2019re a deputy

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get official copies of the court order to send to banks and building societies, for example. These prove you\u2019re acting on behalf of the other person. When you send out an official copy, ask for it to be returned.

    ", + "

    Order extra copies of the court order by writing to the Court of Protection. They cost \u00a35 each.

    ", + "

    Start managing a bank account

    ", + "

    Before you can manage an account, you must show the bank:

    ", + "
  • the original court order, or an official copy of it
    • ", + "
  • proof of your name, for example your passport or driving licence
    • ", + "
  • proof of your address, for example a gas, electricity or council tax bill, or letter from a government department
    • ", + "
  • proof of the name or address of the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for - if they\u2019re not the same as on the bank account
    • ", + "

    Court Funds Office accounts

    ", + "

    If the person you\u2019re deputy for has money in a Court Funds Office account, you\u2019ll be sent information about how to access it.

    ", + "

    You can also apply to open an account with the Court Funds Office if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and it\u2019s in the person\u2019s best interests.

    ", + "

    Record your decisions and transactions

    ", + "

    You can start your annual report to record your decisions and transactions, such as paying bills.

    ", + "

    Supervision, support and visits

    ", + "

    As a deputy, you\u2019ll be supervised by the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG). They\u2019re authorised to contact you or visit you to check you\u2019re being an effective deputy. They can also give you advice and support.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019ll be supervised

    ", + "

    New deputies get a \u2018general\u2019 level of supervision for their first year.

    ", + "

    After that, if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy you\u2019ll move to \u2018minimal\u2019 supervision if both:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re managing less than \u00a321,000
    • ", + "
  • you no longer need a general level of supervision
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay a lower fee and have to write a shorter annual report than deputies with general supervision.

    ", + "

    Supervision visits

    ", + "

    You may be visited by a Court of Protection visitor to check if you:

    ", + "
  • understand your duties
    • ", + "
  • have the right level of support from OPG
    • ", + "
  • are carrying out your duties properly
    • ", + "
  • are being investigated because of a complaint
    • ", + "

    The visitor will call you to arrange the visit and explain why they\u2019re visiting.

    ", + "

    Contact OPG

    ", + "

    Tell OPG if you\u2019re planning to make an important decision, for example you want to sell the property of the person you\u2019re deputy for so they can move into a care home.

    ", + "

    Accounts, gifts and expenses

    ", + "

    You must keep accounts and follow the rules for gifts and expenses if you\u2019re acting as deputy for someone else. You must also record the transactions in your annual report.

    ", + "

    Accounts

    ", + "

    As a property and affairs deputy, you must keep copies of:

    ", + "
  • bank statements
    • ", + "
  • contracts for services or tradespeople
    • ", + "
  • receipts
    • ", + "
  • letters and emails about your activities as a deputy
    • ", + "

    Gifts

    ", + "

    Your court order will say if you can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the other person, including donations to charities. It will also say if there\u2019s an annual limit on how much money you can use for gifts.

    ", + "

    Gifts must be reasonable. You need to make sure any gifts do not reduce the level of care the person you\u2019re deputy for can afford.

    ", + "

    You must apply to the Court of Protection if you want to make a one-off large gift for Inheritance Tax purposes, for example.

    ", + "

    Expenses

    ", + "

    You can claim expenses for things you must do to carry out your role as deputy, for example phone calls, postage and travel costs. You cannot claim:

    ", + "
  • travel costs for social visits
    • ", + "
  • for the time spent carrying out your duties (unless you\u2019re a professional deputy, for example a solicitor)
    • ", + "

    You may be asked to give a detailed report of what you spent. You\u2019ll have to pay the money back if the Office of the Public Guardian finds your expenses are unreasonable. They may ask the court to stop you being a deputy if they think you\u2019ve been dishonest.

    ", + "

    Complete your deputy report

    ", + "

    You must write a report each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made as a deputy. You might be asked to do this more often if the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) needs additional information.

    ", + "

    You may also need to write a final report if you stop being a deputy.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a public authority or professional deputy using the service for the first time, you need to contact your case manager to register first. If you\u2019re a deputy for a friend or family member, you can create an account online.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Or you can download and fill in a paper annual report form. The address you need to send it to is on the form.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Your report must include:

    ", + "
  • the reasons for your decisions and why they were in the best interests of the person you\u2019re deputy for
    • ", + "
  • who you spoke to and why what they said was in the person\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • the finances of the person if you\u2019re their property and financial deputy
    • ", + "

    The OPG will tell you when it\u2019s time to send it.

    ", + "

    If you do not send the report the OPG might:

    ", + "
  • increase your level of supervision
    • ", + "
  • ask the court to replace you with a different deputy
    • ", + "

    Change your deputyship or make a one-off decision

    ", + "

    You must apply to the Court of Protection if you have to:

    ", + "
  • renew your deputyship
    • ", + "
  • change your deputyship, for example make decisions that are not in the original order
    • ", + "
  • make a one-off decision on something not covered by your court order
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in both:

    ", + "
  • an application form (COP 1)
    • ", + "
  • a witness statement form (COP24) with a copy of the current order appointing you as a deputy attached
    • ", + "

    Your witness statement should include:

    ", + "
  • the total annual income of the person you\u2019re a deputy for including pensions
    • ", + "
  • a summary of their assets, for example bank balances, savings, investments
    • ", + "
  • details of property they own
    • ", + "
  • the annual cost of their care and other regular items of major expenditure
    • ", + "
  • the value of the security bond set by the court
    • ", + "
  • a description of the circumstances that have led to the application being made
    • ", + "

    Send the Court of Protection:

    ", + "
  • the completed forms
    • ", + "
  • a cheque for the application fee - \u00a3365 - payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    ", + "

    If you need help with changing your deputyship, call the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You may have to notify other people about the change to the court order if the court tells you to.

    ", + "

    They can object or ask the court to reconsider any proposed changes they do not agree with. They can do this:

    ", + "
  • before the court order is issued
    • ", + "
  • up to 21 days after the court order is issued
    • ", + "

    End your deputyship

    ", + "

    If you no longer want or need to be a deputy, download and fill in the application notice (COP1) and send it to the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    If the person has recovered mental capacity, download and fill in form COP 9. Send it to the Court of Protection with any supporting evidence, for example a doctor\u2019s letter.

    ", + "

    You cannot stop being a deputy until you\u2019ve got the relevant court order.

    ", + "

    If the person you\u2019re deputy for dies

    ", + "

    Contact the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and the Court of Protection to tell them that the person has died.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to send evidence to OPG that the person has died, for example a death certificate. Check the full list of evidence that OPG accepts.

    ", + "

    Your security bond will remain in force for 2 years after the death of the person you\u2019re a deputy for unless there\u2019s a court order cancelling it.

    ", + "

    Contact the Court Funds Office if the person you were deputy for had an account with them.

    ", + "

    Read more about how to be a deputy.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/court-funds-office-processes": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/court-funds-office-processes", + "title": "Deputies: manage a Court Funds Office account", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may need to manage a Court Funds Office account for someone if you\u2019re their property and affairs deputy and you\u2019re authorised by the Court of Protection to look after money on their behalf.\n\nCheck the court order that appointed you as deputy - it tells you what you\u2019re authorised to do.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply on behalf of the person you\u2019re deputy for to:\n\n- manage an account that was opened for them by court order, for example for money they received from a court case\n\n- open an account for them\n\nThey\u2019ll get a special account with the Court Funds Office.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nThe account belongs to the person you\u2019re deputy for. You\u2019re the only person who can manage it on their behalf.\n\nYou must keep to your responsibilities as a deputy when you\u2019re managing the account.\n\nCheck the court order that appointed you as deputy - it tells you the limits on what you can and cannot do with the account.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou need to apply to:\n\n- open an account for someone\n\n- manage an account for someone\n\nYou must be appointed by the Court of Protection as the person\u2019s property and affairs deputy.\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll be able to make withdrawals from the bank account that you run on behalf of the person whose affairs you manage.\n\n- Check the details on the court order that appointed you as deputy - you\u2019ll need the date of the order and the case number.\n\n- Fill in form CFO A to apply for authority to make withdrawals - give your bank account details and tick the \u2018New details\u2019 box.\n\n- Attach a copy of your bank statement (less than 3 months old) or a letter from your bank to confirm your bank account details.\n\n- Fill in form CFO L to pay money in to the account at the same time as applying - attach a cheque made payable to the \u2018Accountant General of the Senior Courts\u2019.\n\n- Send forms and attachments together with a copy of the original court order that appointed you as deputy - it must have a seal. The address is on the forms.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the Court Funds Office within 5 working days to confirm that you\u2019re set up to manage the account.\n\nYour form will be returned if your application cannot be processed - you\u2019ll be told what you can do to fix this.\n\n## Manage an account\n\nA Court Funds Office account is called a \u2018special account\u2019 if the account holder has a deputy.\n\n## Statements\n\nAs the deputy, you\u2019ll get statements in April or May and in October or November each year.\n\nYou can also ask for a statement at any time by contacting the Court Funds Office.\n\n## Interest and tax\n\nSpecial accounts currently pay 0.1% interest. The rate is not fixed - it is set by the Lord Chancellor.\n\nTax is not deducted from special accounts. The person you\u2019re deputy for must pay income tax if the interest is more than their tax allowance.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get tax vouchers (for tax returns) with your April statement.\n\n## Change of address\n\nWrite a letter to the Court Funds Office to tell them if your address changes so you can keep getting statements and tax vouchers.\n\n## Investments\n\nYou can invest in the stock market using money from the Court Funds Office account you manage if it:\n\n- holds \u00a310,000 or more for the person you\u2019re deputy for\n\n- is likely to hold the money for 5 or more years\n\nThe Court Funds Office makes stock market investments in companies using the Equity Tracker Index Fund (ETIF).\n\nWrite to the Court Funds Office asking them to invest the sum you require in the ETIF.\n\nCheck the value of the ETIF on the Financial Times website.\n\n## Tax\n\nTax is deducted from dividends on investments. However, if the person you\u2019re deputy for has a high income, they may need to pay more income tax on interest or dividends from the investments.\n\nThey must also pay Capital Gains Tax if their investments are sold for a difference in value that\u2019s more than their allowance.\n\n## Deposits\n\nYou can pay money in to an account after you apply to manage the account.\n\n- Check the details on the court order that appointed you as deputy - you\u2019ll need the date of the order and the case number.\n\n- Fill in form CFO L. You must physically sign the form - this is also known as a \u2018wet signature\u2019. Electronic signatures will not be accepted.\n\n- Write a cheque for the amount you\u2019re paying in, payable to the \u2018Accountant General of the Senior Courts\u2019.\n\n- Attach a copy of the original court order that appointed you as deputy (it must have a seal) and send it with the form and cheque to the address on the form.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the Court Funds Office within 5 working days to confirm that it\u2019s processed your deposit.\n\nYour form will be returned if your deposit cannot be processed - you\u2019ll be told what you can do to fix this.\n\n## Withdrawals\n\nYou can set up one-off withdrawals or regular withdrawals into the bank account that you run on behalf of the person whose affairs you manage after you apply to manage the account.\n\nYou can only make a payment to another bank account (for example to a solicitor\u2019s account to pay fees) if you have a court order from the Court of Protection saying you can do this.\n\nYou can only make withdrawals within limits set by the Court of Protection - check the court order that appointed you as deputy.\n\n## Set up payments\n\nCheck the court order that appointed you as deputy - you\u2019ll need the date of the order and the case number to fill in payment forms.\n\nFill in:\n\n- form CFO P to make a one-off payment to your bank account\n\n- form CFO R to set up or change a regular payment to your bank account\n\n- form CFO 205 to make a one-off payment to another bank account\n\nYou must also fill in form CFO A if your bank account details have changed \u2013 tick the \u2018amending details\u2019 box and attach either:\n\n- a copy of a bank statement (less than 3 months old)\n\n- letter from your bank confirming your new bank account details\n\nSend forms by post. The address is on the forms. You\u2019ll get a confirmation letter from the Court Funds Office within 5 working days.\n\n## One-off payment to your bank account\n\nA cheque will be paid into your bank account within 5 days. The money will take 3 working days to clear.\n\nIf you\u2019re withdrawing money for a gift or charitable donation, fill in form CFO PG and send it with form CFO P.\n\n## Regular payment to your bank account\n\nUse form CFO R to set up, amend, renew or stop a regular payment - tick the box on the form that applies.\n\nSpecify the number of months you want a regular payment to continue (up to 23 months).\n\nThe Court Funds Office automatically renews regular payments that are set up to continue for 23 months - you\u2019ll get a letter to remind you 1 month before renewal.\n\n## Payment to another bank account\n\nAsk the person or company the payment is for to sign form CFO 205. You must get a copy of a a bank statement (less than 3 months old) if you\u2019re paying a person rather than a company.\n\nSend it with an original copy of the court order authorising the payment \u2013 it must have a seal.\n\n## Stop managing or close an account\n\nA new deputy can take over management of the account if you stop being a deputy or die.\n\nYou cannot hand over management of the account - only the Court of Protection can appoint a new deputy. The new deputy will then need to apply to manage the account.\n\n## You stop being a deputy\n\nTell the Court Funds Office in writing if you stop being a deputy - send a copy of the letter to the Office of the Public Guardian and Court of Protection.\n\n## Close an account\n\nYou cannot close a Court Funds Office yourself (for example by moving all the money into another account) unless you have a court order that authorises you to do this.\n\nIf the person you\u2019re deputy for dies the person dealing with the estate can apply for the money in the account to be paid out. The account will be closed.\n\n## The person you're deputy for dies\n\nWrite to the Court Funds Office to tell them if the person you\u2019re deputy for has died. Send a certified copy of the death certificate if you can get one.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include certain information depending on\n\n- who\u2019s dealing with the estate\n\n- whether there\u2019s a will\n\n## If you\u2019re dealing with the estate\n\nAsk for a Certificate of Funds when you write to the Court Funds Office about the death. This shows how much money is in the account and investments.\n\nYou\u2019ll need this information to deal with the person\u2019s tax and estate (their money, property and possessions)\n\n## If you\u2019re not dealing with the estate\n\nTell the Court Funds Office who is dealing with the estate (the personal representative) and provide their contact details.\n\nThe Court Funds Office will provide the personal representative with information and the forms required to close the account.\n\n## If the person did not leave a will\n\nIf the person died without making a will and has no living relatives, the Court Funds Office will contact the Treasury Solicitor or Solicitor for the Duchy of Cornwall or Lancaster. They will deal with the person\u2019s money, property and possessions as an unclaimed estate.\n\n## Payments for funeral expenses\n\nThe personal representative or the person who arranged the funeral can apply for funeral expenses to be paid to the funeral provider out of the account.\n\n- Fill in form CFO FE1.\n\n- Send it to the address on the form with the funeral provider\u2019s invoice and a certified copy of the death certificate.\n\nFuneral expenses must be in keeping with the value of the person\u2019s estate - they cannot include payments for:\n\n- headstones\n\n- refreshments at the funeral service\n\n## Payments for inheritance tax\n\nThe personal representative can apply for inheritance tax to be paid to HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) out of the account.\n\n- Fill in form CFO IHT1.\n\n- Send it to the address on the form with the completed form IHT423 and certified copies of the death certificate and any will.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may need to manage a Court Funds Office account for someone if you\u2019re their property and affairs deputy and you\u2019re authorised by the Court of Protection to look after money on their behalf.

    ", + "

    Check the court order that appointed you as deputy - it tells you what you\u2019re authorised to do.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply on behalf of the person you\u2019re deputy for to:

    ", + "
  • manage an account that was opened for them by court order, for example for money they received from a court case
    • ", + "
  • open an account for them
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll get a special account with the Court Funds Office.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    The account belongs to the person you\u2019re deputy for. You\u2019re the only person who can manage it on their behalf.

    ", + "

    You must keep to your responsibilities as a deputy when you\u2019re managing the account.

    ", + "

    Check the court order that appointed you as deputy - it tells you the limits on what you can and cannot do with the account.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You need to apply to:

    ", + "
  • open an account for someone
    • ", + "
  • manage an account for someone
    • ", + "

    You must be appointed by the Court of Protection as the person\u2019s property and affairs deputy.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll be able to make withdrawals from the bank account that you run on behalf of the person whose affairs you manage.

    ", + "
  • Check the details on the court order that appointed you as deputy - you\u2019ll need the date of the order and the case number.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in form CFO A to apply for authority to make withdrawals - give your bank account details and tick the \u2018New details\u2019 box.
    • ", + "
  • Attach a copy of your bank statement (less than 3 months old) or a letter from your bank to confirm your bank account details.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in form CFO L to pay money in to the account at the same time as applying - attach a cheque made payable to the \u2018Accountant General of the Senior Courts\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Send forms and attachments together with a copy of the original court order that appointed you as deputy - it must have a seal. The address is on the forms.
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the Court Funds Office within 5 working days to confirm that you\u2019re set up to manage the account.

    ", + "

    Your form will be returned if your application cannot be processed - you\u2019ll be told what you can do to fix this.

    ", + "

    Manage an account

    ", + "

    A Court Funds Office account is called a \u2018special account\u2019 if the account holder has a deputy.

    ", + "

    Statements

    ", + "

    As the deputy, you\u2019ll get statements in April or May and in October or November each year.

    ", + "

    You can also ask for a statement at any time by contacting the Court Funds Office.

    ", + "

    Interest and tax

    ", + "

    Special accounts currently pay 0.1% interest. The rate is not fixed - it is set by the Lord Chancellor.

    ", + "

    Tax is not deducted from special accounts. The person you\u2019re deputy for must pay income tax if the interest is more than their tax allowance.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get tax vouchers (for tax returns) with your April statement.

    ", + "

    Change of address

    ", + "

    Write a letter to the Court Funds Office to tell them if your address changes so you can keep getting statements and tax vouchers.

    ", + "

    Investments

    ", + "

    You can invest in the stock market using money from the Court Funds Office account you manage if it:

    ", + "
  • holds \u00a310,000 or more for the person you\u2019re deputy for
    • ", + "
  • is likely to hold the money for 5 or more years
    • ", + "

    The Court Funds Office makes stock market investments in companies using the Equity Tracker Index Fund (ETIF).

    ", + "

    Write to the Court Funds Office asking them to invest the sum you require in the ETIF.

    ", + "

    Check the value of the ETIF on the Financial Times website.

    ", + "

    Tax

    ", + "

    Tax is deducted from dividends on investments. However, if the person you\u2019re deputy for has a high income, they may need to pay more income tax on interest or dividends from the investments.

    ", + "

    They must also pay Capital Gains Tax if their investments are sold for a difference in value that\u2019s more than their allowance.

    ", + "

    Deposits

    ", + "

    You can pay money in to an account after you apply to manage the account.

    ", + "
  • Check the details on the court order that appointed you as deputy - you\u2019ll need the date of the order and the case number.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in form CFO L. You must physically sign the form - this is also known as a \u2018wet signature\u2019. Electronic signatures will not be accepted.
    • ", + "
  • Write a cheque for the amount you\u2019re paying in, payable to the \u2018Accountant General of the Senior Courts\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Attach a copy of the original court order that appointed you as deputy (it must have a seal) and send it with the form and cheque to the address on the form.
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the Court Funds Office within 5 working days to confirm that it\u2019s processed your deposit.

    ", + "

    Your form will be returned if your deposit cannot be processed - you\u2019ll be told what you can do to fix this.

    ", + "

    Withdrawals

    ", + "

    You can set up one-off withdrawals or regular withdrawals into the bank account that you run on behalf of the person whose affairs you manage after you apply to manage the account.

    ", + "

    You can only make a payment to another bank account (for example to a solicitor\u2019s account to pay fees) if you have a court order from the Court of Protection saying you can do this.

    ", + "

    You can only make withdrawals within limits set by the Court of Protection - check the court order that appointed you as deputy.

    ", + "

    Set up payments

    ", + "

    Check the court order that appointed you as deputy - you\u2019ll need the date of the order and the case number to fill in payment forms.

    ", + "

    Fill in:

    ", + "
  • form CFO P to make a one-off payment to your bank account
    • ", + "
  • form CFO R to set up or change a regular payment to your bank account
    • ", + "
  • form CFO 205 to make a one-off payment to another bank account
    • ", + "

    You must also fill in form CFO A if your bank account details have changed \u2013 tick the \u2018amending details\u2019 box and attach either:

    ", + "
  • a copy of a bank statement (less than 3 months old)
    • ", + "
  • letter from your bank confirming your new bank account details
    • ", + "

    Send forms by post. The address is on the forms. You\u2019ll get a confirmation letter from the Court Funds Office within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    One-off payment to your bank account

    ", + "

    A cheque will be paid into your bank account within 5 days. The money will take 3 working days to clear.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re withdrawing money for a gift or charitable donation, fill in form CFO PG and send it with form CFO P.

    ", + "

    Regular payment to your bank account

    ", + "

    Use form CFO R to set up, amend, renew or stop a regular payment - tick the box on the form that applies.

    ", + "

    Specify the number of months you want a regular payment to continue (up to 23 months).

    ", + "

    The Court Funds Office automatically renews regular payments that are set up to continue for 23 months - you\u2019ll get a letter to remind you 1 month before renewal.

    ", + "

    Payment to another bank account

    ", + "

    Ask the person or company the payment is for to sign form CFO 205. You must get a copy of a a bank statement (less than 3 months old) if you\u2019re paying a person rather than a company.

    ", + "

    Send it with an original copy of the court order authorising the payment \u2013 it must have a seal.

    ", + "

    Stop managing or close an account

    ", + "

    A new deputy can take over management of the account if you stop being a deputy or die.

    ", + "

    You cannot hand over management of the account - only the Court of Protection can appoint a new deputy. The new deputy will then need to apply to manage the account.

    ", + "

    You stop being a deputy

    ", + "

    Tell the Court Funds Office in writing if you stop being a deputy - send a copy of the letter to the Office of the Public Guardian and Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    Close an account

    ", + "

    You cannot close a Court Funds Office yourself (for example by moving all the money into another account) unless you have a court order that authorises you to do this.

    ", + "

    If the person you\u2019re deputy for dies the person dealing with the estate can apply for the money in the account to be paid out. The account will be closed.

    ", + "

    The person you're deputy for dies

    ", + "

    Write to the Court Funds Office to tell them if the person you\u2019re deputy for has died. Send a certified copy of the death certificate if you can get one.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include certain information depending on

    ", + "
  • who\u2019s dealing with the estate
    • ", + "
  • whether there\u2019s a will
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re dealing with the estate

    ", + "

    Ask for a Certificate of Funds when you write to the Court Funds Office about the death. This shows how much money is in the account and investments.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need this information to deal with the person\u2019s tax and estate (their money, property and possessions)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not dealing with the estate

    ", + "

    Tell the Court Funds Office who is dealing with the estate (the personal representative) and provide their contact details.

    ", + "

    The Court Funds Office will provide the personal representative with information and the forms required to close the account.

    ", + "

    If the person did not leave a will

    ", + "

    If the person died without making a will and has no living relatives, the Court Funds Office will contact the Treasury Solicitor or Solicitor for the Duchy of Cornwall or Lancaster. They will deal with the person\u2019s money, property and possessions as an unclaimed estate.

    ", + "

    Payments for funeral expenses

    ", + "

    The personal representative or the person who arranged the funeral can apply for funeral expenses to be paid to the funeral provider out of the account.

    ", + "
  • Fill in form CFO FE1.
    • ", + "
  • Send it to the address on the form with the funeral provider\u2019s invoice and a certified copy of the death certificate.
    • ", + "

    Funeral expenses must be in keeping with the value of the person\u2019s estate - they cannot include payments for:

    ", + "
  • headstones
    • ", + "
  • refreshments at the funeral service
    • ", + "

    Payments for inheritance tax

    ", + "

    The personal representative can apply for inheritance tax to be paid to HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) out of the account.

    ", + "
  • Fill in form CFO IHT1.
    • ", + "
  • Send it to the address on the form with the completed form IHT423 and certified copies of the death certificate and any will.
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/enduring-power-attorney-duties": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/enduring-power-attorney-duties", + "title": "Enduring power of attorney: acting as an attorney", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can help make or make decisions about someone\u2019s property and money if they appointed you using an enduring power of attorney (EPA).\n\nThe person who appointed you is called the \u2018donor\u2019 - you are their \u2018attorney\u2019.\n\nAny decision you make on the donor\u2019s behalf must be in their best interests.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to check if the donor\u2019s given you specific instructions or guidance in the EPA document that will affect your responsibilities.\n\nOnly EPAs made and signed before October 1, 2007 can still be used. After that date donors had to make a lasting power of attorney (LPA) instead.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh.\n\n## Using the enduring power of attorney\n\nYou can start using an EPA at any time if the EPA is legal and the donor gives you permission.\n\nYou\u2019ll be responsible for helping the donor make decisions about their finances. Depending on their instructions you\u2019ll help manage things like their:\n\n- money and bills\n\n- bank and building society accounts\n\n- property and investments\n\n- pensions and benefits\n\nThere may be other attorneys - if there are, check how the donor wants you to make decisions.\n\nYou must register the EPA when the donor starts to lose or has lost their mental capacity. This means they cannot make a decision at the time it needs to be made because of a mental impairment.\n\nYou must still involve the person in making decisions whenever possible and only make decisions on their behalf which are in their best interests.\n\n## Stop being an attorney\n\nThe EPA will end if the donor cancels it or they die.\n\nYou can stop being an attorney by choice.\n\nYou may be investigated if there\u2019s a complaint against you. The Office of the Public Guardian can apply to the Court of Protection to have you removed.\n\n## Register an enduring power of attorney\n\nYou must register the enduring power of attorney (EPA) as soon as the donor starts to lose mental capacity.\n\n- Tell the donor, their family members and other attorneys you intend to register the EPA.\n\n- Apply to register the EPA.\n\n- Pay the fee.\n\n## Telling people you intend to register\n\nDownload and fill in form EP1PG. Send it to:\n\n- the donor\n\n- at least 3 of the donor\u2019s family members who are eligible - they must be 18 or over and have mental capacity\n\n- any attorneys who were appointed \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 but are not applying to register the EPA\n\nYou must tell the first 3 eligible family members from the following list. If there\u2019s no family member in a particular category, move on to the next one. You must try to tell the family members in this order:\n\n- donor\u2019s husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- donor\u2019s children (including adopted children but not including stepchildren)\n\n- donor\u2019s parents\n\n- donor\u2019s brothers and sisters (including half-brothers and half-sisters)\n\n- widow or widower or surviving civil partner of the donor\u2019s child\n\n- donor\u2019s grandchildren\n\n- donor\u2019s nephews and nieces (children of the donor\u2019s full brothers and sisters)\n\n- donor\u2019s nephews and nieces (children of the donor\u2019s half-brothers and half-sisters)\n\n- donor\u2019s aunts and uncles (full brothers or sisters of a parent of the donor)\n\n- donor\u2019s first cousins (children of the donor\u2019s aunts and uncles who are full brothers and sisters of a parent of the donor)\n\nYou must tell all the people in a category if you tell one of them, eg if 1 of the 3 relatives you\u2019re telling is a grandchild and the donor has 15 other grandchildren, you must tell all 16 of them.\n\nIf you\u2019re a family member as well as an attorney, you count as one of the people to be told. You\u2019ll still have to tell other people in your category.\n\nYou must do all you can to find the people you\u2019re telling. If you cannot find their address, or if there are not 3 relatives alive, tell the Office of the Public Guardian when you apply to register.\n\nPeople who you tell can object to the registration. They have 35 days to object from when they get the form.\n\n## Apply to register\n\nDownload and fill in the application form EP2PG.\n\nAs soon as you\u2019ve officially told people you intend to register, send the form to the Office of the Public Guardian.\n\nUse a different address if you\u2019re a member of the DX Exchange courier service.\n\nInclude the original EPA form or a certified copy if the original has been lost.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay the fee.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a382 to register an EPA, unless you\u2019re applying for help with fees (LPA120).\n\nSend a cheque for the fee payable to \u2018Office of the Public Guardian\u2019. Write the donor\u2019s name on the back of the cheque.\n\n## How long registration takes\n\nThe EPA will usually be registered between 8 and 10 weeks after you sent the application form and told the family members. It will take longer if one or more of the family members object.\n\n## Check an enduring power is legal\n\nYou can only use an enduring power of attorney (EPA) if it was made correctly.\n\nCheck that the EPA form was:\n\n- made when the donor was at least 18 and had the ability to make their own decisions (they had not lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019)\n\n- signed by the donor and a witness who was not one of the attorneys for the EPA\n\n- signed by all the attorneys\n\nWhen the EPA was made you and any other attorneys had to be:\n\n- 18 or over\n\n- not bankrupt - and have not been bankrupt since\n\nOnly EPAs made and signed before October 1, 2007 can still be used. After that date donors had to make a lasting power of attorney (LPA) instead.\n\n## When there's more than one attorney\n\nCheck the enduring power of attorney (EPA) form to find out how many attorneys have been appointed.\n\nIf there\u2019s more than one attorney, check whether you must make decisions:\n\n- separately or together (sometimes called \u2018jointly and severally\u2019), which means you can make decisions on your own or with other attorneys\n\n- together (sometimes called \u2018jointly\u2019), which means you and all the other attorneys have to agree on a decision\n\nThe donor may give instructions for you to make some decisions \u2018jointly\u2019 and others \u2018jointly and severally\u2019.\n\nAttorneys who are appointed jointly must all agree or they cannot make the decision.\n\n## Joint attorneys\n\nIf you\u2019re appointed jointly with another attorney or attorneys and one of you stops being an attorney, the enduring power of attorney ends automatically.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find another way to help the donor make decisions.\n\n## Your duties\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for helping the donor to make decisions for things like their:\n\n- money and bills\n\n- bank and building society accounts\n\n- property and investments\n\n- pensions and benefits\n\nCheck the enduring power of attorney (EPA) form to see if the donor has listed:\n\n- restrictions on what you can do\n\n- guidance on how they want decisions to be made\n\n## How to manage the donor\u2019s finances\n\nYou must manage the donor\u2019s finances in their best interests.\n\nKeep the donor\u2019s finances separate from your own, unless you\u2019ve got a joint bank account or own a home together. If you do, tell the bank or mortgage company you\u2019re acting as the other person\u2019s attorney.\n\nYou must keep accounts of the donor\u2019s assets, income, spending and outgoings. The Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and the Court of Protection can ask to check these.\n\nYou may be prosecuted if you misuse the donor\u2019s money.\n\n## Gifts\n\nYou can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the donor, including donations to charities. You must only make gifts:\n\n- to people who normally receive gifts from the person\n\n- on suitable occasions, eg birthdays, weddings\n\n- to charities that normally receive donations from the person\n\nGifts must be reasonable - read the guidance on suitable gifts.\n\n## Buying or selling property\n\nYou can buy or sell property on the donor\u2019s behalf if it\u2019s in their best interests.\n\nContact OPG if:\n\n- the sale is below the market value\n\n- you or your family want to buy the property\n\n- you\u2019re giving it to someone else\n\nThey can advise you on whether you need to apply to the Court of Protection about this.\n\nIf you\u2019re selling the donor\u2019s home and the donor has a health and welfare lasting power of attorney (LPA), you may need to discuss where the donor is going to live with the relevant attorney.\n\n## Wills\n\nYou cannot make a will on behalf of the donor.\n\nYou can apply to the Court of Protection for a \u2018statutory will\u2019 if the donor needs to make a will, but lacks capacity to do it themselves.\n\n## Payment and expenses\n\nUnless you\u2019re a professional attorney, you will not normally be paid for being someone\u2019s attorney.\n\n## Expenses\n\nYou can claim expenses you\u2019ve had while carrying out your duties as an attorney, for example:\n\n- travel costs\n\n- stationery\n\n- postage\n\n- phone calls\n\nKeep your receipts and invoice the donor for your expenses.\n\n## Stop acting as an attorney\n\nYou\u2019ll stop acting as the donor\u2019s attorney if:\n\n- the donor dies - the enduring power of attorney (EPA) ends automatically\n\n- you choose to stop being an attorney - sometimes called \u2018revoking\u2019 or \u2018disclaiming\u2019 an attorneyship\n\n- you declare yourself bankrupt\n\nIf you stop you\u2019ll need to fill in the relevant forms and provide the relevant documents.\n\nIf you had to make decisions jointly with other attorneys and any of you stop, the enduring power ends automatically. You\u2019ll need to find another way to help the donor make decisions.\n\n## If the donor dies\n\nYou\u2019ll stop being an attorney as soon as the donor dies. If the EPA was registered you must contact the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG). You must send them:\n\n- a copy of the death certificate\n\n- the original EPA\n\n## If you want to stop being an attorney\n\nIf you decide to give up the role of attorney, fill in and send a notification form. Send it to:\n\n- the donor - if the EPA has not been registered\n\n- the donor and OPG - if the EPA has been registered\n\nYou should also tell any other attorneys appointed on the EPA.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can help make or make decisions about someone\u2019s property and money if they appointed you using an enduring power of attorney (EPA).

    ", + "

    The person who appointed you is called the \u2018donor\u2019 - you are their \u2018attorney\u2019.

    ", + "

    Any decision you make on the donor\u2019s behalf must be in their best interests.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to check if the donor\u2019s given you specific instructions or guidance in the EPA document that will affect your responsibilities.

    ", + "

    Only EPAs made and signed before October 1, 2007 can still be used. After that date donors had to make a lasting power of attorney (LPA) instead.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh.

    ", + "

    Using the enduring power of attorney

    ", + "

    You can start using an EPA at any time if the EPA is legal and the donor gives you permission.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be responsible for helping the donor make decisions about their finances. Depending on their instructions you\u2019ll help manage things like their:

    ", + "
  • money and bills
    • ", + "
  • bank and building society accounts
    • ", + "
  • property and investments
    • ", + "
  • pensions and benefits
    • ", + "

    There may be other attorneys - if there are, check how the donor wants you to make decisions.

    ", + "

    You must register the EPA when the donor starts to lose or has lost their mental capacity. This means they cannot make a decision at the time it needs to be made because of a mental impairment.

    ", + "

    You must still involve the person in making decisions whenever possible and only make decisions on their behalf which are in their best interests.

    ", + "

    Stop being an attorney

    ", + "

    The EPA will end if the donor cancels it or they die.

    ", + "

    You can stop being an attorney by choice.

    ", + "

    You may be investigated if there\u2019s a complaint against you. The Office of the Public Guardian can apply to the Court of Protection to have you removed.

    ", + "

    Register an enduring power of attorney

    ", + "

    You must register the enduring power of attorney (EPA) as soon as the donor starts to lose mental capacity.

    ", + "
  • Tell the donor, their family members and other attorneys you intend to register the EPA.
    • ", + "
  • Apply to register the EPA.
    • ", + "
  • Pay the fee.
    • ", + "

    Telling people you intend to register

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form EP1PG. Send it to:

    ", + "
  • the donor
    • ", + "
  • at least 3 of the donor\u2019s family members who are eligible - they must be 18 or over and have mental capacity
    • ", + "
  • any attorneys who were appointed \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 but are not applying to register the EPA
    • ", + "

    You must tell the first 3 eligible family members from the following list. If there\u2019s no family member in a particular category, move on to the next one. You must try to tell the family members in this order:

    ", + "
  • donor\u2019s husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s children (including adopted children but not including stepchildren)
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s parents
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s brothers and sisters (including half-brothers and half-sisters)
    • ", + "
  • widow or widower or surviving civil partner of the donor\u2019s child
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s grandchildren
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s nephews and nieces (children of the donor\u2019s full brothers and sisters)
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s nephews and nieces (children of the donor\u2019s half-brothers and half-sisters)
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s aunts and uncles (full brothers or sisters of a parent of the donor)
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s first cousins (children of the donor\u2019s aunts and uncles who are full brothers and sisters of a parent of the donor)
    • ", + "

    You must tell all the people in a category if you tell one of them, eg if 1 of the 3 relatives you\u2019re telling is a grandchild and the donor has 15 other grandchildren, you must tell all 16 of them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a family member as well as an attorney, you count as one of the people to be told. You\u2019ll still have to tell other people in your category.

    ", + "

    You must do all you can to find the people you\u2019re telling. If you cannot find their address, or if there are not 3 relatives alive, tell the Office of the Public Guardian when you apply to register.

    ", + "

    People who you tell can object to the registration. They have 35 days to object from when they get the form.

    ", + "

    Apply to register

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application form EP2PG.

    ", + "

    As soon as you\u2019ve officially told people you intend to register, send the form to the Office of the Public Guardian.

    ", + "

    Use a different address if you\u2019re a member of the DX Exchange courier service.

    ", + "

    Include the original EPA form or a certified copy if the original has been lost.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay the fee.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a382 to register an EPA, unless you\u2019re applying for help with fees (LPA120).

    ", + "

    Send a cheque for the fee payable to \u2018Office of the Public Guardian\u2019. Write the donor\u2019s name on the back of the cheque.

    ", + "

    How long registration takes

    ", + "

    The EPA will usually be registered between 8 and 10 weeks after you sent the application form and told the family members. It will take longer if one or more of the family members object.

    ", + "

    Check an enduring power is legal

    ", + "

    You can only use an enduring power of attorney (EPA) if it was made correctly.

    ", + "

    Check that the EPA form was:

    ", + "
  • made when the donor was at least 18 and had the ability to make their own decisions (they had not lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • signed by the donor and a witness who was not one of the attorneys for the EPA
    • ", + "
  • signed by all the attorneys
    • ", + "

    When the EPA was made you and any other attorneys had to be:

    ", + "
  • 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • not bankrupt - and have not been bankrupt since
    • ", + "

    Only EPAs made and signed before October 1, 2007 can still be used. After that date donors had to make a lasting power of attorney (LPA) instead.

    ", + "

    When there's more than one attorney

    ", + "

    Check the enduring power of attorney (EPA) form to find out how many attorneys have been appointed.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one attorney, check whether you must make decisions:

    ", + "
  • separately or together (sometimes called \u2018jointly and severally\u2019), which means you can make decisions on your own or with other attorneys
    • ", + "
  • together (sometimes called \u2018jointly\u2019), which means you and all the other attorneys have to agree on a decision
    • ", + "

    The donor may give instructions for you to make some decisions \u2018jointly\u2019 and others \u2018jointly and severally\u2019.

    ", + "

    Attorneys who are appointed jointly must all agree or they cannot make the decision.

    ", + "

    Joint attorneys

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appointed jointly with another attorney or attorneys and one of you stops being an attorney, the enduring power of attorney ends automatically.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to find another way to help the donor make decisions.

    ", + "

    Your duties

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for helping the donor to make decisions for things like their:

    ", + "
  • money and bills
    • ", + "
  • bank and building society accounts
    • ", + "
  • property and investments
    • ", + "
  • pensions and benefits
    • ", + "

    Check the enduring power of attorney (EPA) form to see if the donor has listed:

    ", + "
  • restrictions on what you can do
    • ", + "
  • guidance on how they want decisions to be made
    • ", + "

    How to manage the donor\u2019s finances

    ", + "

    You must manage the donor\u2019s finances in their best interests.

    ", + "

    Keep the donor\u2019s finances separate from your own, unless you\u2019ve got a joint bank account or own a home together. If you do, tell the bank or mortgage company you\u2019re acting as the other person\u2019s attorney.

    ", + "

    You must keep accounts of the donor\u2019s assets, income, spending and outgoings. The Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and the Court of Protection can ask to check these.

    ", + "

    You may be prosecuted if you misuse the donor\u2019s money.

    ", + "

    Gifts

    ", + "

    You can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the donor, including donations to charities. You must only make gifts:

    ", + "
  • to people who normally receive gifts from the person
    • ", + "
  • on suitable occasions, eg birthdays, weddings
    • ", + "
  • to charities that normally receive donations from the person
    • ", + "

    Gifts must be reasonable - read the guidance on suitable gifts.

    ", + "

    Buying or selling property

    ", + "

    You can buy or sell property on the donor\u2019s behalf if it\u2019s in their best interests.

    ", + "

    Contact OPG if:

    ", + "
  • the sale is below the market value
    • ", + "
  • you or your family want to buy the property
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re giving it to someone else
    • ", + "

    They can advise you on whether you need to apply to the Court of Protection about this.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling the donor\u2019s home and the donor has a health and welfare lasting power of attorney (LPA), you may need to discuss where the donor is going to live with the relevant attorney.

    ", + "

    Wills

    ", + "

    You cannot make a will on behalf of the donor.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Court of Protection for a \u2018statutory will\u2019 if the donor needs to make a will, but lacks capacity to do it themselves.

    ", + "

    Payment and expenses

    ", + "

    Unless you\u2019re a professional attorney, you will not normally be paid for being someone\u2019s attorney.

    ", + "

    Expenses

    ", + "

    You can claim expenses you\u2019ve had while carrying out your duties as an attorney, for example:

    ", + "
  • travel costs
    • ", + "
  • stationery
    • ", + "
  • postage
    • ", + "
  • phone calls
    • ", + "

    Keep your receipts and invoice the donor for your expenses.

    ", + "

    Stop acting as an attorney

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll stop acting as the donor\u2019s attorney if:

    ", + "
  • the donor dies - the enduring power of attorney (EPA) ends automatically
    • ", + "
  • you choose to stop being an attorney - sometimes called \u2018revoking\u2019 or \u2018disclaiming\u2019 an attorneyship
    • ", + "
  • you declare yourself bankrupt
    • ", + "

    If you stop you\u2019ll need to fill in the relevant forms and provide the relevant documents.

    ", + "

    If you had to make decisions jointly with other attorneys and any of you stop, the enduring power ends automatically. You\u2019ll need to find another way to help the donor make decisions.

    ", + "

    If the donor dies

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll stop being an attorney as soon as the donor dies. If the EPA was registered you must contact the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG). You must send them:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the death certificate
    • ", + "
  • the original EPA
    • ", + "

    If you want to stop being an attorney

    ", + "

    If you decide to give up the role of attorney, fill in and send a notification form. Send it to:

    ", + "
  • the donor - if the EPA has not been registered
    • ", + "
  • the donor and OPG - if the EPA has been registered
    • ", + "

    You should also tell any other attorneys appointed on the EPA.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/lasting-power-attorney-duties": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/lasting-power-attorney-duties", + "title": "Lasting power of attorney: acting as an attorney", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can make decisions on someone\u2019s behalf if they appoint you using a lasting power of attorney (LPA).\n\nYou can contact GOV.UK to request this guide in another format, for example large print or braille.\n\nThe person who appoints you is called the \u2018donor\u2019. You\u2019re their \u2018attorney\u2019.\n\nYou don\u2019t need any legal experience to act as someone\u2019s attorney.\n\nThe types of decisions you make depend on whether you\u2019re a:\n\n- property and financial affairs attorney\n\n- health and welfare attorney\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Making decisions\n\nCheck what you need to do before you\u2019re allowed to start making decisions.\n\nAfter you start you must:\n\n- follow any instructions the donor included in the LPA\n\n- consider any preferences the donor included in the LPA\n\n- help the donor make their own decisions as much as they can\n\n- make any decisions in the donor\u2019s best interests\n\n- respect their human and civil rights\n\nYou must make the decisions yourself - you can\u2019t ask someone to make them for you.\n\nYou can get help making difficult decisions. Your decisions can be checked.\n\n## If you\u2019re not the only attorney\n\nCheck the LPA. It will tell you whether you must make decisions:\n\n- \u2018jointly\u2019 - this means all the attorneys must agree\n\n- \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - this means you can make decisions together or on your own\n\nThe LPA may tell you to make some decisions \u2018jointly\u2019 and others \u2018jointly and severally\u2019.\n\nFind out what to do if you make decisions jointly with someone who stops acting as an attorney.\n\n## Property and financial affairs attorneys\n\nAs a property and financial affairs attorney, you make (or help the donor make) decisions about things like:\n\n- money, tax and bills\n\n- bank and building society accounts\n\n- property and investments\n\n- pensions and benefits\n\nYou can use the donor\u2019s money to look after their home and buy anything they need day to day (for example, food).\n\nDiscuss decisions that affect the donor\u2019s living arrangements, medical care or daily routine with their health and welfare attorney, if they have one.\n\n## Looking after money and property\n\nYou must keep the donor\u2019s finances separate from your own, unless you\u2019ve already got something in both of your names like a joint bank account or you own a home together.\n\n## Managing bank accounts\n\nBefore you can manage the donor\u2019s account, you must show the bank the original registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) or a copy of it signed on every page by the donor, a solicitor or notary.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to give proof of:\n\n- your name\n\n- your address\n\n- the donor\u2019s name or address if they\u2019re not the same as on the bank account\n\nThe bank might ask for additional types of proof.\n\n## Spending money on gifts or donations\n\nUnless the LPA states otherwise, you can spend money on:\n\n- gifts to a donor\u2019s friend, family member or acquaintance on occasions when you would normally give gifts (such as birthdays or anniversaries)\n\n- donations to a charity that the donor wouldn\u2019t object to, for example a charity they\u2019ve donated to before\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection for any other type of gift or donation, even if the donor has given them before. These include:\n\n- paying someone\u2019s school or university fees\n\n- letting someone live in the donor\u2019s property without paying market rent (anything they pay below market rent counts as a gift)\n\n- interest-free loans\n\nYou must check that the donor can afford the gift or donation, even if they\u2019ve spent money on these types of things before. For example, you can\u2019t donate their money if that would mean they couldn\u2019t afford their care costs.\n\nRead the guidance for more information on giving gifts or donations.\n\n## Buying and selling property\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get legal advice if:\n\n- the sale is below the market value\n\n- you want to buy the property yourself\n\n- you\u2019re giving it to someone else\n\n## Making a will\n\nYou can apply for a statutory will if the donor needs to make a will but can\u2019t do it themselves.\n\nYou can\u2019t change a donor\u2019s will.\n\nYou can be ordered to repay the donor\u2019s money if you misuse it or make decisions to benefit yourself.\n\n## Health and welfare attorneys\n\nAs a health and welfare attorney, you make (or help the donor make) decisions about things like:\n\n- daily routine, for example washing, dressing and eating\n\n- medical care\n\n- where the donor lives\n\nYou might need to spend the donor\u2019s money on things that maintain or improve their quality of life. This can include:\n\n- new clothes or hairdressing\n\n- decorating their home or room in a care home\n\n- paying for extra support so the donor can go out more, for example to visit friends or relatives or to go on holiday\n\nYou must ask for money from the person in charge of the donor\u2019s funds.\n\n## Refusing or consenting to treatment\n\nCheck the lasting power of attorney (LPA) for instructions about refusing or consenting to treatment.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- show the LPA to care staff\n\n- sign medical consent forms\n\n- make decisions in the donor\u2019s best interests\n\nYou can\u2019t always make decisions about the donor\u2019s medical treatment, for example if the donor\u2019s made a living will or has been sectioned.\n\n## Living wills (\u2018advance decisions\u2019)\n\nThis is a legal statement from the donor about which medical treatments they don\u2019t want. You\u2019ll need to give this to care staff along with the LPA.\n\nNHS Choices has information about advance decisions.\n\n## Apply for a one-off decision\n\nYou may need to apply for a one-off decision from the Court of Protection to make a decision about a medical treatment if:\n\n- the living will and LPA give different instructions\n\n- the medical staff or the donor\u2019s friends and family disagree about whether the treatment should be given\n\n## Start acting as an attorney\n\nYou must have a registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) before you can start acting as an attorney.\n\nThe LPA is registered when the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) has stamped it with \u2018VALIDATED-OPG\u2019.\n\nYou can prepare before you start by talking to the donor so you\u2019re ready to make decisions in their best interests. For example, ask about their plans for their money or how they want to be cared for if they become seriously ill.\n\n## Starting as a property and financial affairs attorney\n\nThe LPA may give you permission to make decisions while the donor still has the mental capacity to make their own financial decisions.\n\nIf it doesn\u2019t, you can only start making decisions when they don\u2019t have mental capacity.\n\n## Starting as a health and welfare attorney\n\nYou can only make decisions when the donor doesn\u2019t have mental capacity to make them.\n\nYou must tell people involved in the donor\u2019s care when you start. This includes the donor\u2019s:\n\n- friends and family\n\n- doctor and other healthcare staff\n\n- care workers, social worker and other social care staff\n\nStaff may want to see proof of your identity and either the original LPA or a certified copy.\n\n## Taking over as a replacement attorney\n\nReplacement attorneys are listed in the LPA.\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to start helping a donor make decisions as soon as the attorney you\u2019re replacing stops acting. Check the LPA to see if there are other attorneys you might need to make decisions with.\n\n## Records and expenses\n\nKeep a record of:\n\n- important decisions you make and when, for example selling the donor\u2019s home or agreeing to medical treatment\n\n- the donor\u2019s assets, income and how you spend their money - if you\u2019re their finance and property affairs attorney\n\nInclude details of who you asked for advice and any disagreements.\n\nDon\u2019t include small, everyday decisions.\n\n## Expenses\n\nYou can only claim expenses for things you must do to carry out your role as an attorney, for example:\n\n- hiring a professional to do things like fill in the donor\u2019s tax return\n\n- travel costs\n\n- stationery\n\n- postage\n\n- phone calls\n\nYou can be ordered to repay the donor\u2019s money if you misuse it or make decisions to benefit yourself.\n\nKeep your receipts and invoice the donor for your expenses. The money is paid by whoever\u2019s in charge of the donor\u2019s funds.\n\n## Checks and visits\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian and Court of Protection can check your decisions. They may:\n\n- arrange a visit with you and the donor together, or the donor alone\n\n- contact other people such as the donor\u2019s family, bank or care workers\n\nThey can investigate and stop you acting as an attorney if, for example:\n\n- you\u2019ve done something the lasting power of attorney (LPA) says you can\u2019t\n\n- you haven\u2019t done something the LPA has instructed you to do\n\n- you haven\u2019t been acting in the donor\u2019s best interests\n\n- you misuse the donor\u2019s money or make decisions to benefit yourself\n\n- you do something that goes against their human or civil rights\n\n- the donor isn\u2019t being treated well\n\n- the donor made the LPA under pressure or they were tricked into it\n\n## Stop acting as an attorney\n\nThe lasting power of attorney (LPA) ends when the donor dies.\n\nTell the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and send them:\n\n- a copy of the death certificate\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- all certified copies of the LPA\n\n## Stopping before the donor dies\n\nYou can choose to stop acting as an attorney - sometimes called \u2018disclaiming\u2019 an attorneyship.\n\nThere are also some cases in which the law requires you to stop acting as an attorney.\n\nAny replacement attorneys listed in the LPA will take over if you stop.\n\nIf there are no replacements, there may be other ways to help the donor make decisions.\n\n## If you choose to stop\n\nFill in and send a notification form to:\n\n- the donor - if the LPA hasn\u2019t been registered\n\n- the donor and OPG (at the address on the form) - if the LPA is registered\n\n- any other attorneys appointed on the LPA\n\n## When you have to stop\n\nYou must stop acting as an attorney if:\n\n- the donor takes you off their LPA - sometimes called \u2018revoking\u2019 an attorney\n\n- you lose mental capacity and can\u2019t make decisions any more\n\n- you\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney and you become bankrupt or subject to a debt relief order\n\n- you\u2019re married to or in a civil partnership with the donor and you get a divorce or an annulment (unless the LPA says you can keep acting as an attorney)\n\n- you\u2019re a joint attorney and another attorney stops acting, unless the LPA says you can carry on making decisions", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can make decisions on someone\u2019s behalf if they appoint you using a lasting power of attorney (LPA).

    ", + "

    You can contact GOV.UK to request this guide in another format, for example large print or braille.

    ", + "

    The person who appoints you is called the \u2018donor\u2019. You\u2019re their \u2018attorney\u2019.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need any legal experience to act as someone\u2019s attorney.

    ", + "

    The types of decisions you make depend on whether you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • property and financial affairs attorney
    • ", + "
  • health and welfare attorney
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Making decisions

    ", + "

    Check what you need to do before you\u2019re allowed to start making decisions.

    ", + "

    After you start you must:

    ", + "
  • follow any instructions the donor included in the LPA
    • ", + "
  • consider any preferences the donor included in the LPA
    • ", + "
  • help the donor make their own decisions as much as they can
    • ", + "
  • make any decisions in the donor\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • respect their human and civil rights
    • ", + "

    You must make the decisions yourself - you can\u2019t ask someone to make them for you.

    ", + "

    You can get help making difficult decisions. Your decisions can be checked.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not the only attorney

    ", + "

    Check the LPA. It will tell you whether you must make decisions:

    ", + "
  • \u2018jointly\u2019 - this means all the attorneys must agree
    • ", + "
  • \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - this means you can make decisions together or on your own
    • ", + "

    The LPA may tell you to make some decisions \u2018jointly\u2019 and others \u2018jointly and severally\u2019.

    ", + "

    Find out what to do if you make decisions jointly with someone who stops acting as an attorney.

    ", + "

    Property and financial affairs attorneys

    ", + "

    As a property and financial affairs attorney, you make (or help the donor make) decisions about things like:

    ", + "
  • money, tax and bills
    • ", + "
  • bank and building society accounts
    • ", + "
  • property and investments
    • ", + "
  • pensions and benefits
    • ", + "

    You can use the donor\u2019s money to look after their home and buy anything they need day to day (for example, food).

    ", + "

    Discuss decisions that affect the donor\u2019s living arrangements, medical care or daily routine with their health and welfare attorney, if they have one.

    ", + "

    Looking after money and property

    ", + "

    You must keep the donor\u2019s finances separate from your own, unless you\u2019ve already got something in both of your names like a joint bank account or you own a home together.

    ", + "

    Managing bank accounts

    ", + "

    Before you can manage the donor\u2019s account, you must show the bank the original registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) or a copy of it signed on every page by the donor, a solicitor or notary.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to give proof of:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your address
    • ", + "
  • the donor\u2019s name or address if they\u2019re not the same as on the bank account
    • ", + "

    The bank might ask for additional types of proof.

    ", + "

    Spending money on gifts or donations

    ", + "

    Unless the LPA states otherwise, you can spend money on:

    ", + "
  • gifts to a donor\u2019s friend, family member or acquaintance on occasions when you would normally give gifts (such as birthdays or anniversaries)
    • ", + "
  • donations to a charity that the donor wouldn\u2019t object to, for example a charity they\u2019ve donated to before
    • ", + "

    You must apply to the Court of Protection for any other type of gift or donation, even if the donor has given them before. These include:

    ", + "
  • paying someone\u2019s school or university fees
    • ", + "
  • letting someone live in the donor\u2019s property without paying market rent (anything they pay below market rent counts as a gift)
    • ", + "
  • interest-free loans
    • ", + "

    You must check that the donor can afford the gift or donation, even if they\u2019ve spent money on these types of things before. For example, you can\u2019t donate their money if that would mean they couldn\u2019t afford their care costs.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance for more information on giving gifts or donations.

    ", + "

    Buying and selling property

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get legal advice if:

    ", + "
  • the sale is below the market value
    • ", + "
  • you want to buy the property yourself
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re giving it to someone else
    • ", + "

    Making a will

    ", + "

    You can apply for a statutory will if the donor needs to make a will but can\u2019t do it themselves.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t change a donor\u2019s will.

    ", + "

    You can be ordered to repay the donor\u2019s money if you misuse it or make decisions to benefit yourself.

    ", + "

    Health and welfare attorneys

    ", + "

    As a health and welfare attorney, you make (or help the donor make) decisions about things like:

    ", + "
  • daily routine, for example washing, dressing and eating
    • ", + "
  • medical care
    • ", + "
  • where the donor lives
    • ", + "

    You might need to spend the donor\u2019s money on things that maintain or improve their quality of life. This can include:

    ", + "
  • new clothes or hairdressing
    • ", + "
  • decorating their home or room in a care home
    • ", + "
  • paying for extra support so the donor can go out more, for example to visit friends or relatives or to go on holiday
    • ", + "

    You must ask for money from the person in charge of the donor\u2019s funds.

    ", + "

    Refusing or consenting to treatment

    ", + "

    Check the lasting power of attorney (LPA) for instructions about refusing or consenting to treatment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • show the LPA to care staff
    • ", + "
  • sign medical consent forms
    • ", + "
  • make decisions in the donor\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t always make decisions about the donor\u2019s medical treatment, for example if the donor\u2019s made a living will or has been sectioned.

    ", + "

    Living wills (\u2018advance decisions\u2019)

    ", + "

    This is a legal statement from the donor about which medical treatments they don\u2019t want. You\u2019ll need to give this to care staff along with the LPA.

    ", + "

    NHS Choices has information about advance decisions.

    ", + "

    Apply for a one-off decision

    ", + "

    You may need to apply for a one-off decision from the Court of Protection to make a decision about a medical treatment if:

    ", + "
  • the living will and LPA give different instructions
    • ", + "
  • the medical staff or the donor\u2019s friends and family disagree about whether the treatment should be given
    • ", + "

    Start acting as an attorney

    ", + "

    You must have a registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) before you can start acting as an attorney.

    ", + "

    The LPA is registered when the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) has stamped it with \u2018VALIDATED-OPG\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can prepare before you start by talking to the donor so you\u2019re ready to make decisions in their best interests. For example, ask about their plans for their money or how they want to be cared for if they become seriously ill.

    ", + "

    Starting as a property and financial affairs attorney

    ", + "

    The LPA may give you permission to make decisions while the donor still has the mental capacity to make their own financial decisions.

    ", + "

    If it doesn\u2019t, you can only start making decisions when they don\u2019t have mental capacity.

    ", + "

    Starting as a health and welfare attorney

    ", + "

    You can only make decisions when the donor doesn\u2019t have mental capacity to make them.

    ", + "

    You must tell people involved in the donor\u2019s care when you start. This includes the donor\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • friends and family
    • ", + "
  • doctor and other healthcare staff
    • ", + "
  • care workers, social worker and other social care staff
    • ", + "

    Staff may want to see proof of your identity and either the original LPA or a certified copy.

    ", + "

    Taking over as a replacement attorney

    ", + "

    Replacement attorneys are listed in the LPA.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to start helping a donor make decisions as soon as the attorney you\u2019re replacing stops acting. Check the LPA to see if there are other attorneys you might need to make decisions with.

    ", + "

    Records and expenses

    ", + "

    Keep a record of:

    ", + "
  • important decisions you make and when, for example selling the donor\u2019s home or agreeing to medical treatment
    • ", + "
  • the donor\u2019s assets, income and how you spend their money - if you\u2019re their finance and property affairs attorney
    • ", + "

    Include details of who you asked for advice and any disagreements.

    ", + "

    Don\u2019t include small, everyday decisions.

    ", + "

    Expenses

    ", + "

    You can only claim expenses for things you must do to carry out your role as an attorney, for example:

    ", + "
  • hiring a professional to do things like fill in the donor\u2019s tax return
    • ", + "
  • travel costs
    • ", + "
  • stationery
    • ", + "
  • postage
    • ", + "
  • phone calls
    • ", + "

    You can be ordered to repay the donor\u2019s money if you misuse it or make decisions to benefit yourself.

    ", + "

    Keep your receipts and invoice the donor for your expenses. The money is paid by whoever\u2019s in charge of the donor\u2019s funds.

    ", + "

    Checks and visits

    ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian and Court of Protection can check your decisions. They may:

    ", + "
  • arrange a visit with you and the donor together, or the donor alone
    • ", + "
  • contact other people such as the donor\u2019s family, bank or care workers
    • ", + "

    They can investigate and stop you acting as an attorney if, for example:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve done something the lasting power of attorney (LPA) says you can\u2019t
    • ", + "
  • you haven\u2019t done something the LPA has instructed you to do
    • ", + "
  • you haven\u2019t been acting in the donor\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • you misuse the donor\u2019s money or make decisions to benefit yourself
    • ", + "
  • you do something that goes against their human or civil rights
    • ", + "
  • the donor isn\u2019t being treated well
    • ", + "
  • the donor made the LPA under pressure or they were tricked into it
    • ", + "

    Stop acting as an attorney

    ", + "

    The lasting power of attorney (LPA) ends when the donor dies.

    ", + "

    Tell the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and send them:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the death certificate
    • ", + "
  • the original LPA
    • ", + "
  • all certified copies of the LPA
    • ", + "

    Stopping before the donor dies

    ", + "

    You can choose to stop acting as an attorney - sometimes called \u2018disclaiming\u2019 an attorneyship.

    ", + "

    There are also some cases in which the law requires you to stop acting as an attorney.

    ", + "

    Any replacement attorneys listed in the LPA will take over if you stop.

    ", + "

    If there are no replacements, there may be other ways to help the donor make decisions.

    ", + "

    If you choose to stop

    ", + "

    Fill in and send a notification form to:

    ", + "
  • the donor - if the LPA hasn\u2019t been registered
    • ", + "
  • the donor and OPG (at the address on the form) - if the LPA is registered
    • ", + "
  • any other attorneys appointed on the LPA
    • ", + "

    When you have to stop

    ", + "

    You must stop acting as an attorney if:

    ", + "
  • the donor takes you off their LPA - sometimes called \u2018revoking\u2019 an attorney
    • ", + "
  • you lose mental capacity and can\u2019t make decisions any more
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney and you become bankrupt or subject to a debt relief order
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re married to or in a civil partnership with the donor and you get a divorce or an annulment (unless the LPA says you can keep acting as an attorney)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a joint attorney and another attorney stops acting, unless the LPA says you can carry on making decisions
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/make-decisions-for-someone": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-decisions-for-someone", + "title": "Make decisions on behalf of someone", + "content": "## When you can make decisions for someone\n\nSomeone can choose you to make and carry out certain decisions on their behalf.\n\nThey can ask you to do this:\n\n- now - for example, while they\u2019re on holiday\n\n- in the future - for example, if they lose the mental capacity to make their own decisions\n\nYou can also apply to a court to help someone make decisions if they do not have mental capacity now.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## When someone can choose you\n\nA person must have mental capacity when they choose you for short-term or long-term help with decisions.\n\n## Short-term help\n\nYou can be appointed to make decisions about someone\u2019s money or property for a limited time - for example, while they\u2019re on holiday.\n\nThey can appoint you with either:\n\n- a lasting power of attorney for \u2018property and financial affairs\u2019 - they\u2019ll say when it starts and ends\n\n- an \u2018ordinary power of attorney\u2019 - you can only use this while they have mental capacity\n\nTo make an ordinary power of attorney, the person who appoints you needs to buy a document from a newsagent or use a solicitor.\n\n## Long-term help\n\nYou can be appointed with a lasting power of attorney to help someone make ongoing decisions about either or both:\n\n- money and property - starting at any time, or when they do not have mental capacity\n\n- health and welfare - starting when they do not have mental capacity\n\nYou can also help someone with ongoing decisions using an enduring power of attorney made before 1 October 2007.\n\n## When you apply to a court\n\nApply to a court to help someone without mental capacity with one-off or long-term decisions.\n\nCheck if someone already has an attorney or deputy to help them with decisions before you apply. If they do have an attorney or deputy, ask them for help instead.\n\n## One-off decisions\n\nAsk the Court of Protection to make:\n\n- a one-off decision about an issue that\u2019s not urgent\n\n- an urgent or emergency decision about something that puts them at risk\n\nIf the decision is about medical treatment, you must consider any living will (advance decision) that the person has made.\n\n## Long-term help\n\nApply to the Court of Protection to help someone long-term with decisions about either or both:\n\n- money and property - as a \u2018property and financial affairs deputy\u2019\n\n- health and welfare - as a \u2018personal welfare deputy\u2019\n\n## How to make decisions\n\nAs someone\u2019s attorney or deputy you must:\n\n- give them all the help they need to make each decision before deciding they do not have mental capacity to make that decision themselves\n\n- make any decisions in their best interests\n\n- make decisions that restrict their human and civil rights as little as you can\n\n## Helping someone make decisions\n\nGive the person all the information they need to make a decision.\n\nMake it easy for them to understand and weigh up the information, for example by:\n\n- allowing plenty of time\n\n- choosing a time that suits them best\n\n- talking in familiar surroundings - for example, their home\n\n- removing distractions such as background noise\n\n- explaining things a different way - in pictures or sign language, for example\n\nSuggest different ways for them to tell you their decision if they cannot tell you in words - for example, by pointing, squeezing your hand, blinking or nodding.\n\n## Making decisions in someone\u2019s best interests\n\nAny decisions you make for someone must be right for them (\u2018in their best interests\u2019). Take into account:\n\n- what they would have decided if they could\n\n- their past and present values and wishes, including moral, political and religious views\n\nDo not make assumptions based on their age, gender, ethnic background, sexuality, behaviour or health.\n\nIt can help to:\n\n- write down what the person has told you is important to them\n\n- look at other things they wrote down or recorded (such as household budgets or home videos)\n\n- speak to friends, family or colleagues who know them well\n\n- consult anyone involved in their care, for example personal carers or care home staff\n\n- notice their behaviour and reactions - this can tell you about wishes and feelings that a person cannot express in words\n\n## Human and civil rights\n\nYour decisions must restrict the person\u2019s human and civil rights as little as possible. Citizens Advice has information about human and civil rights.\n\nYou can never make decisions on someone\u2019s behalf about certain things, such as:\n\n- voting\n\n- relationships - for example consenting to sex, getting married or getting divorced\n\nFollow the Mental Capacity Act code of practice when you make decisions.\n\n## Difficult decisions and disagreements\n\nConsult the person as well as their family, friends and carers. Including everyone in a \u2018best interests\u2019 meeting can help you reach agreement.\n\nIf you cannot agree you can:\n\n- get advice about how to reach agreement from the Office of the Public Guardian\n\n- get help from an advocate who can represent the person\u2019s best interests\n\n- find a mediation service\n\n- get help from the social services team at your local council if it\u2019s a disagreement about the person\u2019s care\n\n- ask the Court of Protection to decide if it\u2019s a major disagreement about a serious issue\n\n## Checking mental capacity\n\nA person may not have mental capacity because of a problem with the way their brain functions, for example:\n\n- a serious brain injury\n\n- an illness, such as dementia\n\n- severe learning disabilities\n\nMental capacity can come and go (for example, with dementia and some mental illnesses). A person can also recover mental capacity (for example, following a severe stroke).\n\n## What you must check\n\nYou must check that a person has mental capacity to make a decision at the time it needs to be made.\n\nThey can make the decision if they can:\n\n- understand the information they need - for example, what the consequences will be\n\n- remember the information for long enough to make the decision\n\n- weigh up the options and make a choice\n\n- communicate their decision in any way - for example, by blinking or squeezing a hand\n\nYou cannot decide a person lacks mental capacity because you think they\u2019ve made a bad or strange decision.\n\nIf the person cannot make a decision at a certain time, they may still be able to:\n\n- make it at another time\n\n- make decisions about other things\n\nDo not make a decision for them if it can wait until they can do it themselves.\n\n## Get help checking mental capacity\n\nYou can ask the person\u2019s doctor or another medical professional to assess their mental capacity.\n\nFollow the Mental Capacity Act code of practice when you check mental capacity.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can make decisions for someone

    ", + "

    Someone can choose you to make and carry out certain decisions on their behalf.

    ", + "

    They can ask you to do this:

    ", + "
  • now - for example, while they\u2019re on holiday
    • ", + "
  • in the future - for example, if they lose the mental capacity to make their own decisions
    • ", + "

    You can also apply to a court to help someone make decisions if they do not have mental capacity now.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    When someone can choose you

    ", + "

    A person must have mental capacity when they choose you for short-term or long-term help with decisions.

    ", + "

    Short-term help

    ", + "

    You can be appointed to make decisions about someone\u2019s money or property for a limited time - for example, while they\u2019re on holiday.

    ", + "

    They can appoint you with either:

    ", + "
  • a lasting power of attorney for \u2018property and financial affairs\u2019 - they\u2019ll say when it starts and ends
    • ", + "
  • an \u2018ordinary power of attorney\u2019 - you can only use this while they have mental capacity
    • ", + "

    To make an ordinary power of attorney, the person who appoints you needs to buy a document from a newsagent or use a solicitor.

    ", + "

    Long-term help

    ", + "

    You can be appointed with a lasting power of attorney to help someone make ongoing decisions about either or both:

    ", + "
  • money and property - starting at any time, or when they do not have mental capacity
    • ", + "
  • health and welfare - starting when they do not have mental capacity
    • ", + "

    You can also help someone with ongoing decisions using an enduring power of attorney made before 1 October 2007.

    ", + "

    When you apply to a court

    ", + "

    Apply to a court to help someone without mental capacity with one-off or long-term decisions.

    ", + "

    Check if someone already has an attorney or deputy to help them with decisions before you apply. If they do have an attorney or deputy, ask them for help instead.

    ", + "

    One-off decisions

    ", + "

    Ask the Court of Protection to make:

    ", + "
  • a one-off decision about an issue that\u2019s not urgent
    • ", + "
  • an urgent or emergency decision about something that puts them at risk
    • ", + "

    If the decision is about medical treatment, you must consider any living will (advance decision) that the person has made.

    ", + "

    Long-term help

    ", + "

    Apply to the Court of Protection to help someone long-term with decisions about either or both:

    ", + "
  • money and property - as a \u2018property and financial affairs deputy\u2019
    • ", + "
  • health and welfare - as a \u2018personal welfare deputy\u2019
    • ", + "

    How to make decisions

    ", + "

    As someone\u2019s attorney or deputy you must:

    ", + "
  • give them all the help they need to make each decision before deciding they do not have mental capacity to make that decision themselves
    • ", + "
  • make any decisions in their best interests
    • ", + "
  • make decisions that restrict their human and civil rights as little as you can
    • ", + "

    Helping someone make decisions

    ", + "

    Give the person all the information they need to make a decision.

    ", + "

    Make it easy for them to understand and weigh up the information, for example by:

    ", + "
  • allowing plenty of time
    • ", + "
  • choosing a time that suits them best
    • ", + "
  • talking in familiar surroundings - for example, their home
    • ", + "
  • removing distractions such as background noise
    • ", + "
  • explaining things a different way - in pictures or sign language, for example
    • ", + "

    Suggest different ways for them to tell you their decision if they cannot tell you in words - for example, by pointing, squeezing your hand, blinking or nodding.

    ", + "

    Making decisions in someone\u2019s best interests

    ", + "

    Any decisions you make for someone must be right for them (\u2018in their best interests\u2019). Take into account:

    ", + "
  • what they would have decided if they could
    • ", + "
  • their past and present values and wishes, including moral, political and religious views
    • ", + "

    Do not make assumptions based on their age, gender, ethnic background, sexuality, behaviour or health.

    ", + "

    It can help to:

    ", + "
  • write down what the person has told you is important to them
    • ", + "
  • look at other things they wrote down or recorded (such as household budgets or home videos)
    • ", + "
  • speak to friends, family or colleagues who know them well
    • ", + "
  • consult anyone involved in their care, for example personal carers or care home staff
    • ", + "
  • notice their behaviour and reactions - this can tell you about wishes and feelings that a person cannot express in words
    • ", + "

    Human and civil rights

    ", + "

    Your decisions must restrict the person\u2019s human and civil rights as little as possible. Citizens Advice has information about human and civil rights.

    ", + "

    You can never make decisions on someone\u2019s behalf about certain things, such as:

    ", + "
  • voting
    • ", + "
  • relationships - for example consenting to sex, getting married or getting divorced
    • ", + "

    Follow the Mental Capacity Act code of practice when you make decisions.

    ", + "

    Difficult decisions and disagreements

    ", + "

    Consult the person as well as their family, friends and carers. Including everyone in a \u2018best interests\u2019 meeting can help you reach agreement.

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree you can:

    ", + "
  • get advice about how to reach agreement from the Office of the Public Guardian
    • ", + "
  • get help from an advocate who can represent the person\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • find a mediation service
    • ", + "
  • get help from the social services team at your local council if it\u2019s a disagreement about the person\u2019s care
    • ", + "
  • ask the Court of Protection to decide if it\u2019s a major disagreement about a serious issue
    • ", + "

    Checking mental capacity

    ", + "

    A person may not have mental capacity because of a problem with the way their brain functions, for example:

    ", + "
  • a serious brain injury
    • ", + "
  • an illness, such as dementia
    • ", + "
  • severe learning disabilities
    • ", + "

    Mental capacity can come and go (for example, with dementia and some mental illnesses). A person can also recover mental capacity (for example, following a severe stroke).

    ", + "

    What you must check

    ", + "

    You must check that a person has mental capacity to make a decision at the time it needs to be made.

    ", + "

    They can make the decision if they can:

    ", + "
  • understand the information they need - for example, what the consequences will be
    • ", + "
  • remember the information for long enough to make the decision
    • ", + "
  • weigh up the options and make a choice
    • ", + "
  • communicate their decision in any way - for example, by blinking or squeezing a hand
    • ", + "

    You cannot decide a person lacks mental capacity because you think they\u2019ve made a bad or strange decision.

    ", + "

    If the person cannot make a decision at a certain time, they may still be able to:

    ", + "
  • make it at another time
    • ", + "
  • make decisions about other things
    • ", + "

    Do not make a decision for them if it can wait until they can do it themselves.

    ", + "

    Get help checking mental capacity

    ", + "

    You can ask the person\u2019s doctor or another medical professional to assess their mental capacity.

    ", + "

    Follow the Mental Capacity Act code of practice when you check mental capacity.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/power-of-attorney": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/power-of-attorney", + "title": "Make, register or end a lasting power of attorney", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA lasting power of attorney (LPA) is a legal document that lets you (the \u2018donor\u2019) appoint one or more people (known as \u2018attorneys\u2019) to help you make decisions or to make decisions on your behalf.\n\nThis gives you more control over what happens to you if you have an accident or an illness and cannot make your own decisions (you \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019).\n\nYou must be 18 or over and have mental capacity (the ability to make your own decisions) when you make your LPA.\n\nYou do not need to live in the UK or be a British citizen.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere are 2 types of LPA:\n\n- health and welfare\n\n- property and financial affairs\n\nYou can choose to make one type or both.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## How to make a lasting power of attorney\n\n- Choose your attorney (you can have more than one).\n\n- Fill in the forms to appoint them as an attorney.\n\n- Register your LPA with the Office of the Public Guardian (this can take up to 10 weeks).\n\nIt costs \u00a382 to register an LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.\n\nYou can cancel your LPA if you no longer need it or want to make a new one.\n\n## Health and welfare lasting power of attorney\n\nUse this LPA to give an attorney the power to make decisions about things like:\n\n- your daily routine, for example washing, dressing, eating\n\n- medical care\n\n- moving into a care home\n\n- life-sustaining treatment\n\nIt can only be used when you\u2019re unable to make your own decisions.\n\n## Property and financial affairs lasting power of attorney\n\nUse this LPA to give an attorney the power to make decisions about money and property for you, for example:\n\n- managing a bank or building society account\n\n- paying bills\n\n- collecting benefits or a pension\n\n- selling your home\n\nIt can be used as soon as it\u2019s registered, with your permission.\n\n## Help deciding if you should make a lasting power of attorney\n\nContact the Office of the Public Guardian if you need help.\n\n## Choose your attorney\n\nYou can choose one or more people to be your attorney. If you appoint more than one, you must decide whether they\u2019ll make decisions separately or together.\n\n## Who can be your attorney\n\nYour attorney needs to be 18 or over. They could be:\n\n- a relative\n\n- a friend\n\n- a professional, for example a solicitor\n\n- your husband, wife or partner\n\nYou must appoint someone who has the mental capacity to make their own decisions.\n\nYour attorney does not need to live in the UK or be a British citizen.\n\nWhen choosing an attorney, think about:\n\n- how well they look after their own affairs, for example their finances\n\n- how well you know them\n\n- if you trust them to make decisions in your best interests\n\n- how happy they will be to make decisions for you\n\nRead about an attorney\u2019s responsibilities to help you with your decision.\n\nYou cannot choose someone who is subject to a Debt Relief Order or is bankrupt if you\u2019re making a lasting power of attorney (LPA) for property and financial affairs.\n\n## If there\u2019s more than one attorney\n\nIf you\u2019re appointing more than one person, you must decide if they\u2019ll make decisions:\n\n- separately or together - sometimes called \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - which means attorneys can make decisions on their own or with other attorneys\n\n- together - sometimes called \u2018jointly\u2019 - which means all the attorneys have to agree on the decision\n\nYou can also choose to let them make some decisions \u2018jointly\u2019, and others \u2018jointly and severally\u2019.\n\nAttorneys who are appointed jointly must all agree or they cannot make the decision.\n\n## Replacement attorneys\n\nWhen you make your LPA you can nominate other people to replace your attorney or attorneys if at some point they cannot act on your behalf anymore.\n\n## Make a lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can make a lasting power of attorney (LPA) online or using paper forms.\n\nEither way, you need to get other people to sign the forms, including the attorneys and witnesses.\n\nYou can get someone else to use the online service or fill in the paper forms for you, for example a family member, friend or solicitor.\n\nYou must register your LPA or your attorney will not be able to make decisions for you.\n\nIt might take longer to make and register an LPA because of coronavirus (COVID-19). It will be quicker if you make it and pay online.\n\n## Make an LPA online\n\nCreate an account to start your LPA.\n\nYou can:\n\n- get help and guidance at each step\n\n- save your forms and complete them later\n\n- review your answers and fix any mistakes\n\nYou need to print out the forms and sign them when you\u2019ve finished.\n\n## Sign in to your account\n\nSign in to continue making your LPA.\n\n## Use the paper forms\n\nDownload the forms and print them out.\n\n## Signing the forms\n\nYou need to sign the forms before you send them off. They also need to be signed by:\n\n- the attorneys\n\n- witnesses\n\n- a \u2018certificate provider\u2019, who confirms you\u2019re making the LPA by choice and you understand what you\u2019re doing\n\nEveryone must sign the same original document. They cannot sign copies or use digital signatures.\n\n## Who can be a witness or certificate provider\n\nWitnesses and certificate providers must be 18 or over.\n\nAttorneys can witness each other sign, but they cannot:\n\n- witness you sign\n\n- sign as the certificate provider\n\nYou cannot be a witness if you\u2019re the person appointing an attorney.\n\n## Get help\n\nAsk the Office of the Public Guardian about help you can get if you:\n\n- do not have a computer or printer\n\n- want to use the online service but need some help\n\n## Register a lasting power of attorney\n\nWhen you\u2019ve made your lasting power of attorney (LPA), you need to register it with the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG).\n\nIt takes up to 15 weeks to register an LPA if there are no mistakes in the application.\n\nYou can apply to register your LPA yourself if you\u2019re able to make your own decisions.\n\nYour attorney can also register it for you. You\u2019ll be told if they do and you can object to the registration.\n\n## Notify people\n\nBefore you register, send a form to notify people (LP3) to all the \u2018people to notify\u2019 (also called \u2018people to be told\u2019) you listed in the LPA.\n\nThey\u2019ll have 3 weeks to raise any concerns with OPG.\n\nIf you\u2019re using the online service to make an LPA, it will create and fill in the LP3 forms for you.\n\n## How to register\n\nApply to register as soon as you\u2019ve sent forms to notify people.\n\nTo register, you need to sign your completed LPA form and send it to OPG.\n\nIf you create your LPA form using the online service, you will need to print it out to do this.\n\nThe address is also on the form. Make sure you include the original LPA form and the fee.\n\nYou can send a certified copy if you do not have the original form. Write a covering letter to explain why you do not have the original.\n\n## If you made your LPA with an older paper form\n\nYou can register by filling in form LP2 if you made your LPA:\n\n- on forms LPA114 or LPA117 before 1 January 2016\n\n- on forms LP PA or LP PW before 1 April 2011\n\nOtherwise you\u2019ll need to make a new LPA.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt costs \u00a382 to register each LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.\n\nThis means it costs \u00a3164 to register both a property and financial affairs LPA and a health and welfare LPA.\n\nYou can pay by:\n\n- credit or debit card\n\n- cheque\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018Office of the Public Guardian\u2019 and write your name on the back. Send it to OPG with your forms.\n\n## If you make a mistake on your form\n\nDepending on the type of mistake, OPG may let you correct it and apply again within 3 months for \u00a341.\n\n## Get a reduction or exemption\n\nYou can apply for a reduction if you earn less than \u00a312,000. You might also be able to apply for an exemption if you\u2019re on certain benefits, such as Income Support.\n\nDownload and fill in the application form. The form has more information about eligibility.\n\n## Certify a copy of a lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can confirm that a copy of your lasting power of attorney (LPA) is genuine by \u2018certifying\u2019 it if you\u2019re still able to make your own decisions.\n\nYou or your attorney can use a certified copy to register your LPA if you do not have the original form.\n\nYour attorney can also use the certified copy to prove they have permission to make decisions on your behalf, for example to manage your bank account.\n\n## How to certify a copy\n\nWrite the following text on the bottom of every page of the copy:\n\n\u201cI certify this is a true and complete copy of the corresponding page of the original lasting power of attorney.\u201d\n\nOn the final page of the copy, you must also write:\n\n\u201cI certify this is a true and complete copy of the lasting power of attorney.\u201d\n\nYou need to sign and date every page.\n\n## Other ways to certify a copy\n\nCopies of your LPA can also be certified by:\n\n- a solicitor\n\n- a person authorised to carry out notarial activities\n\n## Change your lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can ask the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) to change your lasting power of attorney (LPA) if it\u2019s been registered and you still have mental capacity to make decisions.\n\n## If you want to remove one of your attorneys\n\nYou will need to send OPG a written statement called a \u2018partial deed of revocation\u2019.\n\nIf you want to add another attorney you need to end your LPA and make a new one.\n\nUse the following wording. Replace the words in the square brackets with the relevant details.\n\nPartial deed of revocation\n\n\u201cThis partial deed of revocation is made by [donor\u2019s name] of [donor\u2019s address].\n\n1: I granted a lasting power of attorney for property and financial affairs/health and welfare [delete as appropriate] on [date donor signed the lasting power of attorney] appointing [name of first attorney] of [address of first attorney] and [name of second attorney] of [address of second attorney] to act as my attorney(s).\n\n2: I hereby revoke [attorney\u2019s name that you are revoking] ONLY from the lasting power of attorney and the authority granted to him/her.\n\nSigned and delivered as a deed [donor\u2019s signature]\nDate signed [date] \nWitnessed by [signature of witness] \nFull name of witness [name of witness] \nAddress of witness [address of witness]\u201d\n\n## Where to send a partial deed of revocation\n\nSend the partial deed of revocation to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) with the original LPA document. You must also tell your attorney or attorneys that you\u2019re ending your LPA.\n\n## If your attorney\u2019s details change\n\nYou must write to OPG if one of your attorneys has changed their:\n\n- name - by marriage or deed poll\n\n- address\n\nYou need to provide supporting documents, such as the original marriage certificate, with their new name and address.\n\nDo not make changes to your LPA document itself, as it might become invalid. You must contact OPG to make changes to your LPA.\n\n## If one of your attorneys dies\n\nYou must tell OPG and send them:\n\n- a copy of their death certificate\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- all certified copies of the LPA\n\n- a return address where your documents can be sent back to\n\n## End your lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can end your lasting power of attorney (LPA) yourself - if you have mental capacity to make that decision.\n\nYou need to send the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) both:\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- a written statement called a \u2018deed of revocation\u2019\n\nUse the following wording for the deed of revocation. Replace the words in the square brackets with the relevant details.\n\nDeed of revocation\n\n\u201cThis deed of revocation is made by [your name] of [your address].\n\n1: I granted a lasting power of attorney for property and financial affairs/health and welfare (delete as appropriate) on [date you signed the lasting power of attorney] appointing [name of first attorney] of [address of first attorney] and [name of second attorney] of [address of second attorney] to act as my attorney(s).\n\n2: I revoke the lasting power of attorney and the authority granted by it.\n\nSigned and delivered as a deed [your signature]\nDate signed [date]\nWitnessed by [signature of witness]\nFull name of witness [name of witness]\nAddress of witness [address of witness]\u201d\n\nYou must be able to make your own decisions when you end your LPA.\n\nYou can also complain if you have concerns about your attorney, for example if they\u2019re not carrying out their responsibilities properly.\n\n## Other ways a lasting power of attorney can end\n\nYour LPA may end if your attorney:\n\n- loses the ability to make decisions - \u2018loses mental capacity\u2019\n\n- divorces you or ends your civil partnership if they\u2019re your husband, wife or partner\n\n- becomes bankrupt or they\u2019re subject to a Debt Relief Order (DRO) - if they\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney\n\n- is removed by the Court of Protection\n\n- dies\n\n## If your only attorney dies\n\nYour LPA will end if your attorney dies and you have no replacement attorneys. You must tell OPG and send them:\n\n- a copy of their death certificate\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- all certified copies of the LPA\n\n- a return address where your documents can be sent back to\n\nYour LPA can continue if:\n\n- there are other attorneys who can act \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - but not if they are only allowed to act \u2018jointly\u2019\n\n- there are replacement attorneys\n\n## If you die\n\nYour LPA will end automatically when you die. Your affairs will be looked after by your executors or personal representatives from that point, not your attorney.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A lasting power of attorney (LPA) is a legal document that lets you (the \u2018donor\u2019) appoint one or more people (known as \u2018attorneys\u2019) to help you make decisions or to make decisions on your behalf.

    ", + "

    This gives you more control over what happens to you if you have an accident or an illness and cannot make your own decisions (you \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019).

    ", + "

    You must be 18 or over and have mental capacity (the ability to make your own decisions) when you make your LPA.

    ", + "

    You do not need to live in the UK or be a British citizen.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of LPA:

    ", + "
  • health and welfare
    • ", + "
  • property and financial affairs
    • ", + "

    You can choose to make one type or both.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    How to make a lasting power of attorney

    ", + "
  • Choose your attorney (you can have more than one).
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the forms to appoint them as an attorney.
    • ", + "
  • Register your LPA with the Office of the Public Guardian (this can take up to 10 weeks).
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a382 to register an LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.

    ", + "

    You can cancel your LPA if you no longer need it or want to make a new one.

    ", + "

    Health and welfare lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    Use this LPA to give an attorney the power to make decisions about things like:

    ", + "
  • your daily routine, for example washing, dressing, eating
    • ", + "
  • medical care
    • ", + "
  • moving into a care home
    • ", + "
  • life-sustaining treatment
    • ", + "

    It can only be used when you\u2019re unable to make your own decisions.

    ", + "

    Property and financial affairs lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    Use this LPA to give an attorney the power to make decisions about money and property for you, for example:

    ", + "
  • managing a bank or building society account
    • ", + "
  • paying bills
    • ", + "
  • collecting benefits or a pension
    • ", + "
  • selling your home
    • ", + "

    It can be used as soon as it\u2019s registered, with your permission.

    ", + "

    Help deciding if you should make a lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    Contact the Office of the Public Guardian if you need help.

    ", + "

    Choose your attorney

    ", + "

    You can choose one or more people to be your attorney. If you appoint more than one, you must decide whether they\u2019ll make decisions separately or together.

    ", + "

    Who can be your attorney

    ", + "

    Your attorney needs to be 18 or over. They could be:

    ", + "
  • a relative
    • ", + "
  • a friend
    • ", + "
  • a professional, for example a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • your husband, wife or partner
    • ", + "

    You must appoint someone who has the mental capacity to make their own decisions.

    ", + "

    Your attorney does not need to live in the UK or be a British citizen.

    ", + "

    When choosing an attorney, think about:

    ", + "
  • how well they look after their own affairs, for example their finances
    • ", + "
  • how well you know them
    • ", + "
  • if you trust them to make decisions in your best interests
    • ", + "
  • how happy they will be to make decisions for you
    • ", + "

    Read about an attorney\u2019s responsibilities to help you with your decision.

    ", + "

    You cannot choose someone who is subject to a Debt Relief Order or is bankrupt if you\u2019re making a lasting power of attorney (LPA) for property and financial affairs.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one attorney

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appointing more than one person, you must decide if they\u2019ll make decisions:

    ", + "
  • separately or together - sometimes called \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - which means attorneys can make decisions on their own or with other attorneys
    • ", + "
  • together - sometimes called \u2018jointly\u2019 - which means all the attorneys have to agree on the decision
    • ", + "

    You can also choose to let them make some decisions \u2018jointly\u2019, and others \u2018jointly and severally\u2019.

    ", + "

    Attorneys who are appointed jointly must all agree or they cannot make the decision.

    ", + "

    Replacement attorneys

    ", + "

    When you make your LPA you can nominate other people to replace your attorney or attorneys if at some point they cannot act on your behalf anymore.

    ", + "

    Make a lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    You can make a lasting power of attorney (LPA) online or using paper forms.

    ", + "

    Either way, you need to get other people to sign the forms, including the attorneys and witnesses.

    ", + "

    You can get someone else to use the online service or fill in the paper forms for you, for example a family member, friend or solicitor.

    ", + "

    You must register your LPA or your attorney will not be able to make decisions for you.

    ", + "

    It might take longer to make and register an LPA because of coronavirus (COVID-19). It will be quicker if you make it and pay online.

    ", + "

    Make an LPA online

    ", + "

    Create an account to start your LPA.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • get help and guidance at each step
    • ", + "
  • save your forms and complete them later
    • ", + "
  • review your answers and fix any mistakes
    • ", + "

    You need to print out the forms and sign them when you\u2019ve finished.

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account

    ", + "

    Sign in to continue making your LPA.

    ", + "

    Use the paper forms

    ", + "

    Download the forms and print them out.

    ", + "

    Signing the forms

    ", + "

    You need to sign the forms before you send them off. They also need to be signed by:

    ", + "
  • the attorneys
    • ", + "
  • witnesses
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018certificate provider\u2019, who confirms you\u2019re making the LPA by choice and you understand what you\u2019re doing
    • ", + "

    Everyone must sign the same original document. They cannot sign copies or use digital signatures.

    ", + "

    Who can be a witness or certificate provider

    ", + "

    Witnesses and certificate providers must be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    Attorneys can witness each other sign, but they cannot:

    ", + "
  • witness you sign
    • ", + "
  • sign as the certificate provider
    • ", + "

    You cannot be a witness if you\u2019re the person appointing an attorney.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Ask the Office of the Public Guardian about help you can get if you:

    ", + "
  • do not have a computer or printer
    • ", + "
  • want to use the online service but need some help
    • ", + "

    Register a lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve made your lasting power of attorney (LPA), you need to register it with the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG).

    ", + "

    It takes up to 15 weeks to register an LPA if there are no mistakes in the application.

    ", + "

    You can apply to register your LPA yourself if you\u2019re able to make your own decisions.

    ", + "

    Your attorney can also register it for you. You\u2019ll be told if they do and you can object to the registration.

    ", + "

    Notify people

    ", + "

    Before you register, send a form to notify people (LP3) to all the \u2018people to notify\u2019 (also called \u2018people to be told\u2019) you listed in the LPA.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll have 3 weeks to raise any concerns with OPG.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using the online service to make an LPA, it will create and fill in the LP3 forms for you.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    Apply to register as soon as you\u2019ve sent forms to notify people.

    ", + "

    To register, you need to sign your completed LPA form and send it to OPG.

    ", + "

    If you create your LPA form using the online service, you will need to print it out to do this.

    ", + "

    The address is also on the form. Make sure you include the original LPA form and the fee.

    ", + "

    You can send a certified copy if you do not have the original form. Write a covering letter to explain why you do not have the original.

    ", + "

    If you made your LPA with an older paper form

    ", + "

    You can register by filling in form LP2 if you made your LPA:

    ", + "
  • on forms LPA114 or LPA117 before 1 January 2016
    • ", + "
  • on forms LP PA or LP PW before 1 April 2011
    • ", + "

    Otherwise you\u2019ll need to make a new LPA.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a382 to register each LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.

    ", + "

    This means it costs \u00a3164 to register both a property and financial affairs LPA and a health and welfare LPA.

    ", + "

    You can pay by:

    ", + "
  • credit or debit card
    • ", + "
  • cheque
    • ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018Office of the Public Guardian\u2019 and write your name on the back. Send it to OPG with your forms.

    ", + "

    If you make a mistake on your form

    ", + "

    Depending on the type of mistake, OPG may let you correct it and apply again within 3 months for \u00a341.

    ", + "

    Get a reduction or exemption

    ", + "

    You can apply for a reduction if you earn less than \u00a312,000. You might also be able to apply for an exemption if you\u2019re on certain benefits, such as Income Support.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application form. The form has more information about eligibility.

    ", + "

    Certify a copy of a lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    You can confirm that a copy of your lasting power of attorney (LPA) is genuine by \u2018certifying\u2019 it if you\u2019re still able to make your own decisions.

    ", + "

    You or your attorney can use a certified copy to register your LPA if you do not have the original form.

    ", + "

    Your attorney can also use the certified copy to prove they have permission to make decisions on your behalf, for example to manage your bank account.

    ", + "

    How to certify a copy

    ", + "

    Write the following text on the bottom of every page of the copy:

    ", + "

    \u201cI certify this is a true and complete copy of the corresponding page of the original lasting power of attorney.\u201d

    ", + "

    On the final page of the copy, you must also write:

    ", + "

    \u201cI certify this is a true and complete copy of the lasting power of attorney.\u201d

    ", + "

    You need to sign and date every page.

    ", + "

    Other ways to certify a copy

    ", + "

    Copies of your LPA can also be certified by:

    ", + "
  • a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • a person authorised to carry out notarial activities
    • ", + "

    Change your lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    You can ask the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) to change your lasting power of attorney (LPA) if it\u2019s been registered and you still have mental capacity to make decisions.

    ", + "

    If you want to remove one of your attorneys

    ", + "

    You will need to send OPG a written statement called a \u2018partial deed of revocation\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you want to add another attorney you need to end your LPA and make a new one.

    ", + "

    Use the following wording. Replace the words in the square brackets with the relevant details.

    ", + "

    Partial deed of revocation

    ", + "

    \u201cThis partial deed of revocation is made by [donor\u2019s name] of [donor\u2019s address].

    ", + "

    1: I granted a lasting power of attorney for property and financial affairs/health and welfare [delete as appropriate] on [date donor signed the lasting power of attorney] appointing [name of first attorney] of [address of first attorney] and [name of second attorney] of [address of second attorney] to act as my attorney(s).

    ", + "

    2: I hereby revoke [attorney\u2019s name that you are revoking] ONLY from the lasting power of attorney and the authority granted to him/her.

    ", + "

    Signed and delivered as a deed [donor\u2019s signature]\nDate signed [date] \nWitnessed by [signature of witness] \nFull name of witness [name of witness] \nAddress of witness [address of witness]\u201d

    ", + "

    Where to send a partial deed of revocation

    ", + "

    Send the partial deed of revocation to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) with the original LPA document. You must also tell your attorney or attorneys that you\u2019re ending your LPA.

    ", + "

    If your attorney\u2019s details change

    ", + "

    You must write to OPG if one of your attorneys has changed their:

    ", + "
  • name - by marriage or deed poll
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "

    You need to provide supporting documents, such as the original marriage certificate, with their new name and address.

    ", + "

    Do not make changes to your LPA document itself, as it might become invalid. You must contact OPG to make changes to your LPA.

    ", + "

    If one of your attorneys dies

    ", + "

    You must tell OPG and send them:

    ", + "
  • a copy of their death certificate
    • ", + "
  • the original LPA
    • ", + "
  • all certified copies of the LPA
    • ", + "
  • a return address where your documents can be sent back to
    • ", + "

    End your lasting power of attorney

    ", + "

    You can end your lasting power of attorney (LPA) yourself - if you have mental capacity to make that decision.

    ", + "

    You need to send the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) both:

    ", + "
  • the original LPA
    • ", + "
  • a written statement called a \u2018deed of revocation\u2019
    • ", + "

    Use the following wording for the deed of revocation. Replace the words in the square brackets with the relevant details.

    ", + "

    Deed of revocation

    ", + "

    \u201cThis deed of revocation is made by [your name] of [your address].

    ", + "

    1: I granted a lasting power of attorney for property and financial affairs/health and welfare (delete as appropriate) on [date you signed the lasting power of attorney] appointing [name of first attorney] of [address of first attorney] and [name of second attorney] of [address of second attorney] to act as my attorney(s).

    ", + "

    2: I revoke the lasting power of attorney and the authority granted by it.

    ", + "

    Signed and delivered as a deed [your signature]\nDate signed [date]\nWitnessed by [signature of witness]\nFull name of witness [name of witness]\nAddress of witness [address of witness]\u201d

    ", + "

    You must be able to make your own decisions when you end your LPA.

    ", + "

    You can also complain if you have concerns about your attorney, for example if they\u2019re not carrying out their responsibilities properly.

    ", + "

    Other ways a lasting power of attorney can end

    ", + "

    Your LPA may end if your attorney:

    ", + "
  • loses the ability to make decisions - \u2018loses mental capacity\u2019
    • ", + "
  • divorces you or ends your civil partnership if they\u2019re your husband, wife or partner
    • ", + "
  • becomes bankrupt or they\u2019re subject to a Debt Relief Order (DRO) - if they\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney
    • ", + "
  • is removed by the Court of Protection
    • ", + "
  • dies
    • ", + "

    If your only attorney dies

    ", + "

    Your LPA will end if your attorney dies and you have no replacement attorneys. You must tell OPG and send them:

    ", + "
  • a copy of their death certificate
    • ", + "
  • the original LPA
    • ", + "
  • all certified copies of the LPA
    • ", + "
  • a return address where your documents can be sent back to
    • ", + "

    Your LPA can continue if:

    ", + "
  • there are other attorneys who can act \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - but not if they are only allowed to act \u2018jointly\u2019
    • ", + "
  • there are replacement attorneys
    • ", + "

    If you die

    ", + "

    Your LPA will end automatically when you die. Your affairs will be looked after by your executors or personal representatives from that point, not your attorney.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/manage-missing-persons-finances": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/manage-missing-persons-finances", + "title": "Manage a missing person's finances and property", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply to be a guardian and manage the finances or property of someone who:\n\n- is missing\n\n- is in prison abroad and cannot communicate\n\n- has been taken hostage or kidnapped\n\nThe person must be missing from home and their usual activities.\n\nOne of the following must also apply:\n\n- you do not know where they are\n\n- they cannot contact you to let you know their decisions\n\nYou must apply to the High Court for a guardianship order.\n\nYou can apply when the person has been missing for the previous 90 days. You can apply earlier if it\u2019s urgent, for example the person\u2019s house is being repossessed.\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will supervise you while you are acting as a guardian. You\u2019ll need to keep records of the activities you carry out and decisions you make.\n\nYou must send reports to the Office of the Public Guardian when they ask you for them. They will tell you when it\u2019s time to send your report.\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian might visit you.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- parent\n\n- child\n\n- brother or sister\n\n- guardian already and you\u2019re renewing the order\n\nYou can also apply if you can give the court evidence that you have a \u2018sufficient interest\u2019 in the person\u2019s finances or property. This might be, for example, because:\n\n- you have been in a relationship for a long time with the person and you live with them\n\n- the person is your business partner and you need to continue to run the business\n\n- you are the person\u2019s step-parent, step-sibling or step-child\n\nThe longer you\u2019ve known the person and the better you know them, the easier it will be for you to convince the court that you have \u2018sufficient interest\u2019.\n\nYou must be over 18 to apply.\n\n## Apply to be a guardian\n\nYou can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.\n\n## Fill in the form\n\nDownload and fill in a part 8 claim form.\n\nInclude:\n\n- your name and address (under \u2018claimant\u2019)\n\n- the missing person\u2019s name (under \u2018defendant\u2019)\n\n- your relationship to the missing person\n\n- the last known address of the person\n\n- when the person went missing\n\n- how long the person has been missing\n\nIf you\u2019re applying with other people, complete one form with everyone\u2019s details in it.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to write a witness statement to help the court decide if you\u2019re a suitable guardian.\n\n## Witness statement\n\nConfirm that the missing person normally lives in England or Wales.\n\nIf you\u2019re not the person\u2019s husband, wife, civil partner, parent, child, brother or sister, explain why you\u2019re interested in the person\u2019s property or financial affairs.\n\nIf it\u2019s less than 90 days since the person went missing, explain you need the guardianship order urgently, for example, because the person is going to lose their house.\n\nIn the statement, include:\n\n- the person\u2019s usual day-to-day activities and when they stopped doing them\n\n- evidence that the person has been missing for at least the last 90 days\n\n- information about the property and finances of the person\n\n- what you know about their disappearance and where they might be\n\n- details of any police investigation or report\n\n- the names and addresses of the missing person\u2019s family, if they have any\n\n- the proposed news advert\n\n- whether you\u2019ve been convicted of a criminal offence\n\n- whether you\u2019ve been refused credit\n\n- whether you\u2019ve ever been bankrupt\n\n- whether you\u2019ve run a company that became insolvent or went bankrupt\n\n- confirmation that you believe the facts in the document are true and accurate (a \u2018truth statement\u2019)\n\n## Send the form to the High Court\n\nApply to one of the following:\n\n- the Chancery Division of the High Court - if there are complicated issues with a property or trust\n\n- the Family Division of the High Court - if it\u2019s likely that family disagreements and issues will happen\n\n- Your local High Court District Registry\n\nThe High Court can transfer your hearing from one division to another. This will not change what you have to pay.\n\nSend one identical copy for each person you need to tell, plus a copy for the court.\n\n- the form and witness statement\n\n- any documents you have as supporting evidence, for example police reports\n\n- a cheque for the court fee, made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nFind your local High Court District Registry.\n\nAfter you apply you\u2019ll need to advertise your claim in a newspaper. The High Court will ask you to go to a hearing.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nYou must pay either:\n\n- a \u00a3528 application fee if you apply to the Chancery Division of the High Court\n\n- a \u00a3245 application fee if you apply to the Family Division of the High Court\n\nSend a cheque for HM Courts and Tribunals with your application.\n\nYou might also have to pay a security bond.\n\nOnce you\u2019re appointed as a guardian you must pay:\n\n- a \u00a3200 set up fee\n\n- a \u00a3320 supervision fee every year of your guardianship\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will tell you how and when to pay your set up and supervision fees.\n\nIf you want to get the money back for the fees from the missing person\u2019s account, ask the court to give you permission in the guardianship order.\n\n## Pay the security bond\n\nYou might have to pay a security bond before you can use the guardianship order. The High Court will tell you if you need to pay a bond.\n\nIf the guardianship order gives you permission, either:\n\n- pay the bond from the person\u2019s funds\n\n- pay the bond yourself then pay yourself back once you have access to the person\u2019s finances\n\nYou cannot start acting for the person until you\u2019ve paid the security bond.\n\n## Get help with your fees\n\nYou might also be able to get help paying court fees.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nThe court will send copies of your form back to you, with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number. It will keep a copy of the form. The High Court will let you know the hearing date.\n\nThe hearing will take place at least 8 weeks after the High Court sends you the claim forms back.\n\nWhen you have a hearing date from the court, you need to tell other people that you\u2019ve applied before the hearing, in case they object. You must also advertise your claim in a newspaper.\n\n## Tell the person\u2019s family that you\u2019ve applied to be their guardian\n\nYou\u2019ll need to tell the missing person\u2019s:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- parents, brothers and sisters\n\n- children\n\nSend:\n\n- a copy of the claim form\n\n- the acknowledgement of service form that the court has sent you\n\n- copies of the supporting evidence you sent with your application\n\n- a letter telling them the date of the first hearing\n\n## Advertise your claim in the news\n\nYou must advertise your claim within 14 days from the day you get a date for the first court hearing. The advert must appear in a print or online newspaper that covers the missing person\u2019s last known usual address.\n\n## How to write the advert\n\nYou can use this template for the advert. Add your own information where there are square brackets.\n\nIn the High Court of Justice [Family or Chancery] Division\n\nCase number [ ]\n\nIn the matter of an application made under the Guardianship (Missing Persons) Act 2017 for a guardianship order in respect of [insert missing person name].\n\nA claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, [Family or Chancery] Division, case no. [case number], by [your name] for an order that [your name] be appointed guardian in respect of [missing person] (\u201cthe missing person\u201d), whose last usual place of residence was [missing person\u2019s address].\n\nThe date and venue for the first hearing of the claim application is [date] at [court address]. Any spouse, civil partner, parent, child or sibling of the missing person is entitled to intervene in the matter. Any other person having an interest may apply to the court for permission to intervene in the matter.\n\nIf you wish to give notice of intention to intervene or to apply to the court for permission to intervene, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and no later than 14 days before the date of the first hearing, and serve a copy of that notice or application on the claimant at the address given below. Delay may harm your prospects of obtaining permission to intervene if you are not entitled to intervene, and, in any event, may be taken into account on any question relating to costs.\n\n[your name]\n[Name and address of your legal representative, if you have one]\n[Your address, if you do not have a legal representative]\n\n## Tell the court about the advert\n\nAt least 7 days before the first court hearing, send evidence to the High Court that you advertised the claim. Include the case number the court has sent you. Evidence could be:\n\n- a copy of the printed page\n\n- a working link to a website\n\n- confirmation from the news organisation\n\n## At the hearing\n\nBring any supporting documents you have to the hearing.\n\nAt the hearing, the judge might consider:\n\n- your relationship with the missing person\n\n- the missing person\u2019s opinion of you (for example, if there is evidence in writing from before they disappeared)\n\n- whether you have the right skills and knowledge to be a guardian\n\n- any conflict of interest between you and the missing person\n\nYou might be:\n\n- asked for more information\n\n- told there has to be another hearing\n\nThe court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need.\n\nThere might be several hearings before the High Court makes a decision. It depends on how complicated the case is.\n\n## If the High Court approves your claim\n\nThe judge might tell you at the hearing that you have been successful, or there could be a short wait before you find out. It depends on how complicated your case is and how much the missing person owns.\n\nOnce the High Court has given you a guardianship order, they will send you several copies of it and a copy to the Office of the Public Guardian.\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will register your guardianship and supervise you. You might have to pay a security bond. The High Court will tell you if you do.\n\n## When you\u2019re appointed as a guardian\n\nThe guardianship order will tell you when you can start to make decisions for the person and what kinds of decision you can make.\n\nThe order will also say how long you are guardian for.\n\nContact the High Court if there are mistakes on the order.\n\nYou\u2019ll need apply again to make a decision on anything that\u2019s not covered by the order.\n\n## Let people know you\u2019re a guardian\n\nThe court might give you the right to find out where the person has bank or building society accounts, if you do not know already. You\u2019ll need to write to banks and building societies to find out.\n\nIf the order mentions people or organisations, tell them that you\u2019re the guardian.\n\nSome examples are:\n\n- Department for Work and Pensions\n\n- banks or building societies\n\n- life assurance companies\n\n- the payer of any private pensions\n\n- the solicitor who holds the person\u2019s will or property deeds\n\n- utility providers\n\n- the company where the person has a mortgage\n\nSend:\n\n- the guardianship order\n\n- proof of your name and address\n\n- proof of the name and address of the person you are guardian for\n\nProof of name and address could be a driving licence or utility bill. Check with the organisation:\n\n- what proof of name and address they accept\n\n- whether they\u2019ll accept a photocopy of the guardianship order or only the original\n\nAsk organisations to return your guardianship order when you send it out or you may run out of copies.\n\n## Pay bills and cancel payments\n\nOnce you have access to the person\u2019s accounts and know where their income comes from and their assets, you can make a full list of what\u2019s in their estate so you know what you\u2019re responsible for. If the guardianship order gives you permission, pay any outstanding bills and cancel any payments if they no longer apply.\n\n## Make decisions\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will supervise you while you act as a guardian. You\u2019ll need to keep a record of the decisions you make.\n\nThe kinds of decision the guardianship order might let you make include:\n\n- making an investment for the person\n\n- selling some of the person\u2019s assets\n\n- cancelling direct debits\n\nAny decisions you make for someone must be right for them (\u2018in their best interests\u2019).\n\n## Making decisions in someone\u2019s best interests\n\nTake into account:\n\n- what they would have decided if they could\n\n- their feelings and wishes\n\n- their values and beliefs, including moral, political and religious views\n\n- the views of other people who have an interest in the missing person\u2019s property\n\nDo not make assumptions based on their age, gender, ethnic background, sexuality or health.\n\nIt can help to:\n\n- write down what the person has told you is important to them\n\n- look at other things they wrote down or recorded (such as household budgets or home videos)\n\n- speak to friends, family or colleagues who know them well\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send a report to the Office for the Public Guardian explaining what decisions you took.\n\n## Difficult decisions and disagreements\n\nConsult the person\u2019s family and friends. Including everyone in a meeting can help you reach agreement.\n\nIf you cannot agree you can get advice about how to reach agreement from the Office of the Public Guardian.\n\nYou must apply again to the High Court to make a decision not covered by the guardianship order.\n\n## Keeping records, giving gifts and claiming expenses\n\nYou must keep financial records and accounts. Follow the rules for gifts and expenses. You must also record the transactions in your guardianship report.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nKeep a record if you:\n\n- make an investment for the person\n\n- sell the person\u2019s home, car or other valuables\n\n- use the person\u2019s money to buy someone a gift\n\n- ask someone for advice and any disagreements\n\n- close an account\n\n- pay a bill\n\nYou must keep copies of:\n\n- bank statements and receipts\n\n- invoices\n\n- contracts for services or tradespeople\n\n- letters and emails about your activities as a guardian\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian might ask you to send these in when it reviews your guardian report.\n\n## Giving gifts\n\nYour guardianship order will say if you can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the person, including donations to charities. It will also say if there\u2019s a limit on what you can spend.\n\nYou must be sure the person can afford the gift.\n\n## Expenses\n\nCheck your guardianship order to find out whether or not you can claim expenses. You can only claim expenses if the order gives you permission and for things you must do to carry out your role as a guardian, for example:\n\n- hiring a professional to do things like fill in the person\u2019s tax return\n\n- travel costs\n\n- stationery\n\n- postage\n\n- phone calls\n\nYou can be ordered to repay the person\u2019s money if you misuse it or make decisions to benefit yourself.\n\nKeep your receipts and invoice the person for your expenses.\n\n## Complete your report\n\nYou must write a report for the Office of the Public Guardian each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made as a guardian.\n\nIt must include:\n\n- the reasons for your decisions and why they were in the person\u2019s best interests\n\n- who you spoke to and what they said was in the person\u2019s best interests\n\n- the opening and closing balances and bank statements\n\n- payments and transfers in and out of their accounts\n\n- details of the person\u2019s assets\n\n- any assets you bought or sold\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will tell you when to send your report and how to send it.\n\nIf you do not send the report, the Office of the Public Guardian might:\n\n- increase the amount of supervision you get\n\n- ask the court to replace you with a different guardian\n\n## Make a decision that's not covered by the order\n\nYou must apply to the High Court if you need to change your guardianship, for example to make decisions not covered by the original order.\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply to the High Court to change the guardianship order.\n\nDownload and fill in form N244.\n\nInclude your case number and select that you are the \u2018claimant\u2019.\n\n## When the guardianship ends\n\nYour guardianship ends automatically if one of the following things happens:\n\n- your guardianship order expires\n\n- the person dies\n\n- someone makes a declaration of presumed death\n\n- you die\n\n## If the person returns or you decide to step down\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to the High Court to end (\u2018revoke\u2019) the guardianship order.\n\nDownload and fill in form N244.\n\nInclude your case number and select that you are the \u2018claimant\u2019.\n\nExplain in the details section that you want to revoke the guardianship because the missing person has returned or you\u2019ve decided to step down.\n\n## Renew your guardianship\n\nThe guardianship order will make you a guardian for a maximum of 4 years.\n\nYou can apply for another guardianship order when it expires. The process is the same as applying for guardianship.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to be a guardian and manage the finances or property of someone who:

    ", + "
  • is missing
    • ", + "
  • is in prison abroad and cannot communicate
    • ", + "
  • has been taken hostage or kidnapped
    • ", + "

    The person must be missing from home and their usual activities.

    ", + "

    One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you do not know where they are
    • ", + "
  • they cannot contact you to let you know their decisions
    • ", + "

    You must apply to the High Court for a guardianship order.

    ", + "

    You can apply when the person has been missing for the previous 90 days. You can apply earlier if it\u2019s urgent, for example the person\u2019s house is being repossessed.

    ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian will supervise you while you are acting as a guardian. You\u2019ll need to keep records of the activities you carry out and decisions you make.

    ", + "

    You must send reports to the Office of the Public Guardian when they ask you for them. They will tell you when it\u2019s time to send your report.

    ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian might visit you.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • parent
    • ", + "
  • child
    • ", + "
  • brother or sister
    • ", + "
  • guardian already and you\u2019re renewing the order
    • ", + "

    You can also apply if you can give the court evidence that you have a \u2018sufficient interest\u2019 in the person\u2019s finances or property. This might be, for example, because:

    ", + "
  • you have been in a relationship for a long time with the person and you live with them
    • ", + "
  • the person is your business partner and you need to continue to run the business
    • ", + "
  • you are the person\u2019s step-parent, step-sibling or step-child
    • ", + "

    The longer you\u2019ve known the person and the better you know them, the easier it will be for you to convince the court that you have \u2018sufficient interest\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must be over 18 to apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to be a guardian

    ", + "

    You can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a part 8 claim form.

    ", + "

    Include:

    ", + "
  • your name and address (under \u2018claimant\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • the missing person\u2019s name (under \u2018defendant\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • your relationship to the missing person
    • ", + "
  • the last known address of the person
    • ", + "
  • when the person went missing
    • ", + "
  • how long the person has been missing
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying with other people, complete one form with everyone\u2019s details in it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to write a witness statement to help the court decide if you\u2019re a suitable guardian.

    ", + "

    Witness statement

    ", + "

    Confirm that the missing person normally lives in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not the person\u2019s husband, wife, civil partner, parent, child, brother or sister, explain why you\u2019re interested in the person\u2019s property or financial affairs.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s less than 90 days since the person went missing, explain you need the guardianship order urgently, for example, because the person is going to lose their house.

    ", + "

    In the statement, include:

    ", + "
  • the person\u2019s usual day-to-day activities and when they stopped doing them
    • ", + "
  • evidence that the person has been missing for at least the last 90 days
    • ", + "
  • information about the property and finances of the person
    • ", + "
  • what you know about their disappearance and where they might be
    • ", + "
  • details of any police investigation or report
    • ", + "
  • the names and addresses of the missing person\u2019s family, if they have any
    • ", + "
  • the proposed news advert
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve been convicted of a criminal offence
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve been refused credit
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve ever been bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve run a company that became insolvent or went bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • confirmation that you believe the facts in the document are true and accurate (a \u2018truth statement\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Send the form to the High Court

    ", + "

    Apply to one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the Chancery Division of the High Court - if there are complicated issues with a property or trust
    • ", + "
  • the Family Division of the High Court - if it\u2019s likely that family disagreements and issues will happen
    • ", + "
  • Your local High Court District Registry
    • ", + "

    The High Court can transfer your hearing from one division to another. This will not change what you have to pay.

    ", + "

    Send one identical copy for each person you need to tell, plus a copy for the court.

    ", + "
  • the form and witness statement
    • ", + "
  • any documents you have as supporting evidence, for example police reports
    • ", + "
  • a cheque for the court fee, made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019
    • ", + "

    Find your local High Court District Registry.

    ", + "

    After you apply you\u2019ll need to advertise your claim in a newspaper. The High Court will ask you to go to a hearing.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    You must pay either:

    ", + "
  • a \u00a3528 application fee if you apply to the Chancery Division of the High Court
    • ", + "
  • a \u00a3245 application fee if you apply to the Family Division of the High Court
    • ", + "

    Send a cheque for HM Courts and Tribunals with your application.

    ", + "

    You might also have to pay a security bond.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019re appointed as a guardian you must pay:

    ", + "
  • a \u00a3200 set up fee
    • ", + "
  • a \u00a3320 supervision fee every year of your guardianship
    • ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian will tell you how and when to pay your set up and supervision fees.

    ", + "

    If you want to get the money back for the fees from the missing person\u2019s account, ask the court to give you permission in the guardianship order.

    ", + "

    Pay the security bond

    ", + "

    You might have to pay a security bond before you can use the guardianship order. The High Court will tell you if you need to pay a bond.

    ", + "

    If the guardianship order gives you permission, either:

    ", + "
  • pay the bond from the person\u2019s funds
    • ", + "
  • pay the bond yourself then pay yourself back once you have access to the person\u2019s finances
    • ", + "

    You cannot start acting for the person until you\u2019ve paid the security bond.

    ", + "

    Get help with your fees

    ", + "

    You might also be able to get help paying court fees.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    The court will send copies of your form back to you, with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number. It will keep a copy of the form. The High Court will let you know the hearing date.

    ", + "

    The hearing will take place at least 8 weeks after the High Court sends you the claim forms back.

    ", + "

    When you have a hearing date from the court, you need to tell other people that you\u2019ve applied before the hearing, in case they object. You must also advertise your claim in a newspaper.

    ", + "

    Tell the person\u2019s family that you\u2019ve applied to be their guardian

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to tell the missing person\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • parents, brothers and sisters
    • ", + "
  • children
    • ", + "

    Send:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the claim form
    • ", + "
  • the acknowledgement of service form that the court has sent you
    • ", + "
  • copies of the supporting evidence you sent with your application
    • ", + "
  • a letter telling them the date of the first hearing
    • ", + "

    Advertise your claim in the news

    ", + "

    You must advertise your claim within 14 days from the day you get a date for the first court hearing. The advert must appear in a print or online newspaper that covers the missing person\u2019s last known usual address.

    ", + "

    How to write the advert

    ", + "

    You can use this template for the advert. Add your own information where there are square brackets.

    ", + "

    In the High Court of Justice [Family or Chancery] Division

    ", + "

    Case number [ ]

    ", + "

    In the matter of an application made under the Guardianship (Missing Persons) Act 2017 for a guardianship order in respect of [insert missing person name].

    ", + "

    A claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, [Family or Chancery] Division, case no. [case number], by [your name] for an order that [your name] be appointed guardian in respect of [missing person] (\u201cthe missing person\u201d), whose last usual place of residence was [missing person\u2019s address].

    ", + "

    The date and venue for the first hearing of the claim application is [date] at [court address]. Any spouse, civil partner, parent, child or sibling of the missing person is entitled to intervene in the matter. Any other person having an interest may apply to the court for permission to intervene in the matter.

    ", + "

    If you wish to give notice of intention to intervene or to apply to the court for permission to intervene, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and no later than 14 days before the date of the first hearing, and serve a copy of that notice or application on the claimant at the address given below. Delay may harm your prospects of obtaining permission to intervene if you are not entitled to intervene, and, in any event, may be taken into account on any question relating to costs.

    ", + "

    [your name]\n[Name and address of your legal representative, if you have one]\n[Your address, if you do not have a legal representative]

    ", + "

    Tell the court about the advert

    ", + "

    At least 7 days before the first court hearing, send evidence to the High Court that you advertised the claim. Include the case number the court has sent you. Evidence could be:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the printed page
    • ", + "
  • a working link to a website
    • ", + "
  • confirmation from the news organisation
    • ", + "

    At the hearing

    ", + "

    Bring any supporting documents you have to the hearing.

    ", + "

    At the hearing, the judge might consider:

    ", + "
  • your relationship with the missing person
    • ", + "
  • the missing person\u2019s opinion of you (for example, if there is evidence in writing from before they disappeared)
    • ", + "
  • whether you have the right skills and knowledge to be a guardian
    • ", + "
  • any conflict of interest between you and the missing person
    • ", + "

    You might be:

    ", + "
  • asked for more information
    • ", + "
  • told there has to be another hearing
    • ", + "

    The court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need.

    ", + "

    There might be several hearings before the High Court makes a decision. It depends on how complicated the case is.

    ", + "

    If the High Court approves your claim

    ", + "

    The judge might tell you at the hearing that you have been successful, or there could be a short wait before you find out. It depends on how complicated your case is and how much the missing person owns.

    ", + "

    Once the High Court has given you a guardianship order, they will send you several copies of it and a copy to the Office of the Public Guardian.

    ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian will register your guardianship and supervise you. You might have to pay a security bond. The High Court will tell you if you do.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re appointed as a guardian

    ", + "

    The guardianship order will tell you when you can start to make decisions for the person and what kinds of decision you can make.

    ", + "

    The order will also say how long you are guardian for.

    ", + "

    Contact the High Court if there are mistakes on the order.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need apply again to make a decision on anything that\u2019s not covered by the order.

    ", + "

    Let people know you\u2019re a guardian

    ", + "

    The court might give you the right to find out where the person has bank or building society accounts, if you do not know already. You\u2019ll need to write to banks and building societies to find out.

    ", + "

    If the order mentions people or organisations, tell them that you\u2019re the guardian.

    ", + "

    Some examples are:

    ", + "
  • Department for Work and Pensions
    • ", + "
  • banks or building societies
    • ", + "
  • life assurance companies
    • ", + "
  • the payer of any private pensions
    • ", + "
  • the solicitor who holds the person\u2019s will or property deeds
    • ", + "
  • utility providers
    • ", + "
  • the company where the person has a mortgage
    • ", + "

    Send:

    ", + "
  • the guardianship order
    • ", + "
  • proof of your name and address
    • ", + "
  • proof of the name and address of the person you are guardian for
    • ", + "

    Proof of name and address could be a driving licence or utility bill. Check with the organisation:

    ", + "
  • what proof of name and address they accept
    • ", + "
  • whether they\u2019ll accept a photocopy of the guardianship order or only the original
    • ", + "

    Ask organisations to return your guardianship order when you send it out or you may run out of copies.

    ", + "

    Pay bills and cancel payments

    ", + "

    Once you have access to the person\u2019s accounts and know where their income comes from and their assets, you can make a full list of what\u2019s in their estate so you know what you\u2019re responsible for. If the guardianship order gives you permission, pay any outstanding bills and cancel any payments if they no longer apply.

    ", + "

    Make decisions

    ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian will supervise you while you act as a guardian. You\u2019ll need to keep a record of the decisions you make.

    ", + "

    The kinds of decision the guardianship order might let you make include:

    ", + "
  • making an investment for the person
    • ", + "
  • selling some of the person\u2019s assets
    • ", + "
  • cancelling direct debits
    • ", + "

    Any decisions you make for someone must be right for them (\u2018in their best interests\u2019).

    ", + "

    Making decisions in someone\u2019s best interests

    ", + "

    Take into account:

    ", + "
  • what they would have decided if they could
    • ", + "
  • their feelings and wishes
    • ", + "
  • their values and beliefs, including moral, political and religious views
    • ", + "
  • the views of other people who have an interest in the missing person\u2019s property
    • ", + "

    Do not make assumptions based on their age, gender, ethnic background, sexuality or health.

    ", + "

    It can help to:

    ", + "
  • write down what the person has told you is important to them
    • ", + "
  • look at other things they wrote down or recorded (such as household budgets or home videos)
    • ", + "
  • speak to friends, family or colleagues who know them well
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send a report to the Office for the Public Guardian explaining what decisions you took.

    ", + "

    Difficult decisions and disagreements

    ", + "

    Consult the person\u2019s family and friends. Including everyone in a meeting can help you reach agreement.

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree you can get advice about how to reach agreement from the Office of the Public Guardian.

    ", + "

    You must apply again to the High Court to make a decision not covered by the guardianship order.

    ", + "

    Keeping records, giving gifts and claiming expenses

    ", + "

    You must keep financial records and accounts. Follow the rules for gifts and expenses. You must also record the transactions in your guardianship report.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    Keep a record if you:

    ", + "
  • make an investment for the person
    • ", + "
  • sell the person\u2019s home, car or other valuables
    • ", + "
  • use the person\u2019s money to buy someone a gift
    • ", + "
  • ask someone for advice and any disagreements
    • ", + "
  • close an account
    • ", + "
  • pay a bill
    • ", + "

    You must keep copies of:

    ", + "
  • bank statements and receipts
    • ", + "
  • invoices
    • ", + "
  • contracts for services or tradespeople
    • ", + "
  • letters and emails about your activities as a guardian
    • ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian might ask you to send these in when it reviews your guardian report.

    ", + "

    Giving gifts

    ", + "

    Your guardianship order will say if you can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the person, including donations to charities. It will also say if there\u2019s a limit on what you can spend.

    ", + "

    You must be sure the person can afford the gift.

    ", + "

    Expenses

    ", + "

    Check your guardianship order to find out whether or not you can claim expenses. You can only claim expenses if the order gives you permission and for things you must do to carry out your role as a guardian, for example:

    ", + "
  • hiring a professional to do things like fill in the person\u2019s tax return
    • ", + "
  • travel costs
    • ", + "
  • stationery
    • ", + "
  • postage
    • ", + "
  • phone calls
    • ", + "

    You can be ordered to repay the person\u2019s money if you misuse it or make decisions to benefit yourself.

    ", + "

    Keep your receipts and invoice the person for your expenses.

    ", + "

    Complete your report

    ", + "

    You must write a report for the Office of the Public Guardian each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made as a guardian.

    ", + "

    It must include:

    ", + "
  • the reasons for your decisions and why they were in the person\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • who you spoke to and what they said was in the person\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • the opening and closing balances and bank statements
    • ", + "
  • payments and transfers in and out of their accounts
    • ", + "
  • details of the person\u2019s assets
    • ", + "
  • any assets you bought or sold
    • ", + "

    The Office of the Public Guardian will tell you when to send your report and how to send it.

    ", + "

    If you do not send the report, the Office of the Public Guardian might:

    ", + "
  • increase the amount of supervision you get
    • ", + "
  • ask the court to replace you with a different guardian
    • ", + "

    Make a decision that's not covered by the order

    ", + "

    You must apply to the High Court if you need to change your guardianship, for example to make decisions not covered by the original order.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Apply to the High Court to change the guardianship order.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form N244.

    ", + "

    Include your case number and select that you are the \u2018claimant\u2019.

    ", + "

    When the guardianship ends

    ", + "

    Your guardianship ends automatically if one of the following things happens:

    ", + "
  • your guardianship order expires
    • ", + "
  • the person dies
    • ", + "
  • someone makes a declaration of presumed death
    • ", + "
  • you die
    • ", + "

    If the person returns or you decide to step down

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to the High Court to end (\u2018revoke\u2019) the guardianship order.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form N244.

    ", + "

    Include your case number and select that you are the \u2018claimant\u2019.

    ", + "

    Explain in the details section that you want to revoke the guardianship because the missing person has returned or you\u2019ve decided to step down.

    ", + "

    Renew your guardianship

    ", + "

    The guardianship order will make you a guardian for a maximum of 4 years.

    ", + "

    You can apply for another guardianship order when it expires. The process is the same as applying for guardianship.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-annul-marriage": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-annul-marriage", + "title": "Annul a marriage", + "content": "## When you can annul a marriage\n\nAnnulment (sometimes known as \u2018nullity\u2019) is a different way of ending a marriage.\n\nYou or your spouse must have either:\n\n- lived in England or Wales for at least a year\n\n- had a permanent home in England or Wales for at least 6 months\n\nUnlike divorce, you can apply for annulment in the first year of your marriage or any time after. However, if you apply years after the wedding, you might be asked to explain the delay.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that the marriage:\n\n- was never legally valid (\u2018void\u2019)\n\n- was legally valid, but meets one of the reasons that makes it \u2018voidable\u2019\n\n## Your marriage is not legally valid - \u2018void\u2019 marriages\n\nYou can annul a marriage if it was not legally valid in the first place, for example:\n\n- you\u2019re closely related to the person you married\n\n- one or both of you were under 16\n\n- one of you was already married or in a civil partnership\n\nIf a marriage was never legally valid, the law says that it never existed.\n\nHowever, you may need legal paperwork (a \u2018decree of nullity\u2019) to prove this - for example if you want to get married again.\n\n## Your marriage is \u2018voidable\u2019\n\nYou can annul a marriage for a number of reasons, such as:\n\n- it was not consummated - you have not had sexual intercourse with the person you married since the wedding (does not apply for same sex couples)\n\n- you did not properly consent to the marriage - for example you were forced into it\n\n- the other person had a sexually transmitted disease (STD) when you got married\n\n- your spouse was pregnant by someone else when you got married\n\n- one spouse is in the process of transitioning to a different gender\n\nAs with divorce, your marriage legally exists until you annul it using one of these reasons.\n\nThe rules on ending a civil partnership are slightly different, but the court forms are the same.\n\n## Apply for an annulment\n\nYou can apply to have your marriage annulled as soon as you get married. Unlike divorce, you do not have to wait for a year.\n\nTo annul a marriage, fill in a \u2018nullity petition\u2019.\n\nRead the supporting notes before you start.\n\nSend 2 copies of the form to your nearest divorce court, and keep your own copy.\n\nFiling a nullity petition form costs \u00a3550.\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\n## Apply for a decree nisi\n\nThe other person must respond to your nullity petition within 8 days, saying whether they agree the marriage should be annulled.\n\nIf they agree, you can apply for a \u2018decree nisi\u2019. This will confirm that the court does not see any reason why the marriage cannot be annulled.\n\nTo get a decree nisi, fill in the application for decree nisi or conditional order.\n\n## Statement in support of annulment\n\nYou must also fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your nullity petition is true.\n\nUse one of the forms below, depending on whether your marriage is \u2018void\u2019 or \u2018voidable\u2019:\n\n- statement in support of annulment - void marriage\n\n- statement in support of annulment - voidable marriage\n\nSee when you can annul a marriage for the difference between \u2018void\u2019 and \u2018voidable\u2019 marriages.\n\nThe marriage will not be ended yet, you still need to apply for a \u2018decree absolute\u2019.\n\n## Apply for a decree absolute\n\nYou can apply for a decree absolute 6 weeks after you get the decree nisi.\n\nIn these cases, it\u2019s also called a \u2018decree of nullity\u2019. This is the final legal document which says that the marriage has been annulled.\n\nTo apply for a decree of nullity, fill in the notice of application for decree nisi to be made absolute.\n\nThe decree absolute fee is included in the annulment cost.\n\n## When you return your forms\n\nThe court will check if there are any reasons that the marriage cannot be annulled. In most cases, you do not need to go to court for this.\n\nIf the court is happy, it will send you the decree of nullity. This will confirm that you\u2019re no longer married.\n\nIf your marriage was never legally valid (void), the decree will confirm that you were never legally married.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can annul a marriage

    ", + "

    Annulment (sometimes known as \u2018nullity\u2019) is a different way of ending a marriage.

    ", + "

    You or your spouse must have either:

    ", + "
  • lived in England or Wales for at least a year
    • ", + "
  • had a permanent home in England or Wales for at least 6 months
    • ", + "

    Unlike divorce, you can apply for annulment in the first year of your marriage or any time after. However, if you apply years after the wedding, you might be asked to explain the delay.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that the marriage:

    ", + "
  • was never legally valid (\u2018void\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • was legally valid, but meets one of the reasons that makes it \u2018voidable\u2019
    • ", + "

    Your marriage is not legally valid - \u2018void\u2019 marriages

    ", + "

    You can annul a marriage if it was not legally valid in the first place, for example:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re closely related to the person you married
    • ", + "
  • one or both of you were under 16
    • ", + "
  • one of you was already married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    If a marriage was never legally valid, the law says that it never existed.

    ", + "

    However, you may need legal paperwork (a \u2018decree of nullity\u2019) to prove this - for example if you want to get married again.

    ", + "

    Your marriage is \u2018voidable\u2019

    ", + "

    You can annul a marriage for a number of reasons, such as:

    ", + "
  • it was not consummated - you have not had sexual intercourse with the person you married since the wedding (does not apply for same sex couples)
    • ", + "
  • you did not properly consent to the marriage - for example you were forced into it
    • ", + "
  • the other person had a sexually transmitted disease (STD) when you got married
    • ", + "
  • your spouse was pregnant by someone else when you got married
    • ", + "
  • one spouse is in the process of transitioning to a different gender
    • ", + "

    As with divorce, your marriage legally exists until you annul it using one of these reasons.

    ", + "

    The rules on ending a civil partnership are slightly different, but the court forms are the same.

    ", + "

    Apply for an annulment

    ", + "

    You can apply to have your marriage annulled as soon as you get married. Unlike divorce, you do not have to wait for a year.

    ", + "

    To annul a marriage, fill in a \u2018nullity petition\u2019.

    ", + "

    Read the supporting notes before you start.

    ", + "

    Send 2 copies of the form to your nearest divorce court, and keep your own copy.

    ", + "

    Filing a nullity petition form costs \u00a3550.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.

    ", + "

    Apply for a decree nisi

    ", + "

    The other person must respond to your nullity petition within 8 days, saying whether they agree the marriage should be annulled.

    ", + "

    If they agree, you can apply for a \u2018decree nisi\u2019. This will confirm that the court does not see any reason why the marriage cannot be annulled.

    ", + "

    To get a decree nisi, fill in the application for decree nisi or conditional order.

    ", + "

    Statement in support of annulment

    ", + "

    You must also fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your nullity petition is true.

    ", + "

    Use one of the forms below, depending on whether your marriage is \u2018void\u2019 or \u2018voidable\u2019:

    ", + "
  • statement in support of annulment - void marriage
    • ", + "
  • statement in support of annulment - voidable marriage
    • ", + "

    See when you can annul a marriage for the difference between \u2018void\u2019 and \u2018voidable\u2019 marriages.

    ", + "

    The marriage will not be ended yet, you still need to apply for a \u2018decree absolute\u2019.

    ", + "

    Apply for a decree absolute

    ", + "

    You can apply for a decree absolute 6 weeks after you get the decree nisi.

    ", + "

    In these cases, it\u2019s also called a \u2018decree of nullity\u2019. This is the final legal document which says that the marriage has been annulled.

    ", + "

    To apply for a decree of nullity, fill in the notice of application for decree nisi to be made absolute.

    ", + "

    The decree absolute fee is included in the annulment cost.

    ", + "

    When you return your forms

    ", + "

    The court will check if there are any reasons that the marriage cannot be annulled. In most cases, you do not need to go to court for this.

    ", + "

    If the court is happy, it will send you the decree of nullity. This will confirm that you\u2019re no longer married.

    ", + "

    If your marriage was never legally valid (void), the decree will confirm that you were never legally married.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "title": "Money and property when you divorce or separate", + "content": "## Getting a financial agreement\n\nWhen you divorce or end a civil partnership you and your ex-partner need to agree how to separate your finances.\n\nThis includes deciding how you\u2019re going to divide:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nYou might get things like:\n\n- a share of your your partner\u2019s pension - including State Pension or private pension plans\n\n- regular maintenance payments to help with children or living expenses\n\nYou can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree how to split your money and property.\n\nThe rules are different if you were not married or in a civil partnership. You\u2019ll still have to agree on child maintenance payments for any children.\n\nWhat you can do is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Making an agreement legally binding\n\nIf you and your ex-partner agree on how to divide money and property, you need to apply for a consent order to make it legally binding.\n\n## Get help agreeing\n\nYou can use a mediator or get other help to resolve issues out of court.\n\n## Get the court to decide\n\nIf you cannot agree on everything, you can ask a court to make a financial order.\n\n## If you agree\n\nIt\u2019s usually more straightforward and less expensive if you agree how to divide your money and property. Get help agreeing.\n\n## Making your agreement legally binding\n\nTo make your agreement legally binding you need to draft a consent order and ask a court to approve it.\n\nIf your agreement is not legally binding, a court cannot enforce it if there are any issues later.\n\nA consent order is a legal document that confirms your agreement. It explains how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nIt can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.\n\nYou can get legal advice or ask a solicitor to draft a consent order for you.\n\n## When to apply for a consent order\n\nYou can ask the court to approve your consent order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.\n\nIt is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.\n\nThe final legal document is the:\n\n- decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing\n\n- final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership\n\nYou can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended. This may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.\n\n## How to ask the court for approval\n\nYou and your ex-partner have to:\n\n- draft a consent order\n\n- sign the draft consent order - you also need 2 photocopies of the signed original\n\n- fill in a statement of information form\n\nOne of you also needs to fill in a notice of an application for a financial order.\n\nIf you\u2019re ending a civil partnership or legally separating, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to the court dealing with your paperwork. Keep your own copies.\n\nIf you\u2019re divorcing, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to:\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\nThere\u2019s usually no court hearing. A judge will approve your consent order to make it legally binding if they think it\u2019s fair.\n\nIf they do not think it\u2019s fair, they can ask you to change it.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe court fee is \u00a350.\n\nSolicitor fees vary depending on their experience and location. They usually charge per hour.\n\n## Get help agreeing\n\nA mediator can help you and your ex-partner agree on how to split money and property, without taking sides.\n\nMediation is not relationship counselling. It can help you agree on how you\u2019ll divide your assets, including:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nMediation can be quicker and cheaper than asking a court to decide for you.\n\nYou need to attend a mediation information assessment meeting (MIAM) before you start mediation.\n\nFind a local mediator.\n\nThe mediator can decide mediation is not right for you (for example, if there\u2019s been domestic abuse and you need to go to court instead).\n\n## How much it costs\n\nA MIAM is usually about \u00a330. If you need more mediation sessions they cost more and fees vary depending on where you live.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid for mediation.\n\n## Making your agreement legally binding\n\nAt the end of mediation you\u2019ll get a document showing what you agreed. This agreement is not legally binding.\n\nIf you want a legally binding agreement you need to draft a consent order and get a court to approve it. The consent order can be based on what you agreed in mediation.\n\n## If you need more help agreeing\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask a legal adviser about other ways to resolve issues out of court (such as family arbitration or collaborative law)\n\n- get information and advice from Citizens Advice\n\n- read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced\n\n- work out your finances with a divorce and separation calculator\n\n## If you do not agree on everything\n\nYou can ask a court to decide on anything you have not agreed on.\n\n## Get the court to decide\n\nIf you and your ex-partner cannot agree how to divide your finances you can ask a court to make a financial order (also known as the \u2018contested\u2019 route or an \u2018ancillary relief order\u2019).\n\nThis means the court will decide how assets will be split. Getting the court to decide usually takes longer and is more expensive than if you and your ex-partner agree.\n\nYou must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).\n\nA financial order will describe how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nIt can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.\n\n## When to apply for a financial order\n\nYou can ask a court to make a financial order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.\n\nIt is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.\n\nThe final legal document is the:\n\n- decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing\n\n- final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership\n\nYou can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended but it may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to apply for a financial order.\n\nSend 2 copies of the form to the court dealing with paperwork in your area to divorce or end your civil partnership. Keep a copy for yourself.\n\nYou can hire a solicitor to help you apply for a financial order from the court.\n\n## After you apply\n\nThere are three stages:\n\n- the first appointment - a short hearing with the judge to discuss your application\n\n- financial dispute resolution (FDR) appointment - to help you agree without needing a final hearing (you might need more than one appointment)\n\n- final hearing - if you\u2019re not able to agree, this is when a judge will decide how you must separate your finances\n\nThe court will send you and your ex-partner details when the first appointment will be. This is usually 12 to 14 weeks after you apply.\n\n## Before the first appointment\n\nYou and your ex-partner need to fill in a financial statement for a financial order (Form E) to show a breakdown of your property and debts. This includes giving an estimate of your future living costs.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to collect documents about your finances, for example:\n\n- rental or mortgage agreements\n\n- pension documents\n\n- loan agreements\n\n- proof of your salary income, for example P60 or recent pay slips\n\n- details of personal belongings worth more than \u00a3500, for example a car or house contents\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt depends on:\n\n- how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need\n\n- if you need a final hearing\n\nThere can be several months between the appointments.\n\n## How the court decides\n\nIf you cannot agree, a judge will decide how assets will be split. They\u2019ll base their decision on how long you\u2019ve been married or in a civil partnership, as well as your:\n\n- age\n\n- ability to earn\n\n- property and money\n\n- living expenses\n\n- standard of living\n\n- financial needs and responsibilities\n\n- role in looking after the family, for example if you were the main earner or caring for the family or home\n\n- disability or health condition, if you have any\n\nThe judge will decide on the fairest way to divide the assets if there\u2019s enough to meet everyone\u2019s needs. They will make arrangements for any children first - especially their housing arrangements and child maintenance. The reason for the divorce or dissolution is not taken into account.\n\nThe judge will usually try to arrange a \u2018clean break\u2019, so everything is shared out, and you no longer have any financial ties to one another.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe court fee is \u00a3255.\n\nSolicitor fees vary depending on their experience and where you live. They usually charge by the hour. How much you pay in total depends on how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need and if there will be a final hearing.\n\nYou can get legal aid to help with court costs in certain situations, for example if you\u2019re separating from an abusive partner.\n\n## Further help and advice\n\nYou can:\n\n- get information and advice from Citizens Advice\n\n- read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced\n\n- find out more about how to apply for a financial order\n\n## Maintenance payments\n\nThe court sometimes tells the person with the higher income to make regular maintenance payments to help with the other person\u2019s living costs.\n\nThis is called a \u2018maintenance order\u2019.\n\nA maintenance payment can be set for:\n\n- a limited period of time\n\n- until one of you dies, marries or enters into a new civil partnership\n\nThe payment can also be changed if one of you loses your job or gets much better paid work.\n\n## Child maintenance\n\nThe court can also decide on child maintenance, but this is often arranged by the Child Maintenance Service.\n\nRead more about making arrangements to look after children when you divorce or separate.\n\n## Tax when transferring assets\n\nYou do not usually have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you give, or otherwise \u2018dispose of\u2019, assets to your husband, wife or civil partner before you finalise the divorce or civil partnership.\n\nAssets include shares, certain personal possessions and property. You usually do not have to pay tax if you transfer or sell your main home.\n\n## If you transfer an asset when you\u2019re separated\n\nIf you lived together at any point in the tax year that you transferred the asset, the normal rules for spouses and civil partners apply.\n\nOtherwise you may have to pay Capital Gains Tax. You\u2019ll need to get a valuation of the asset on the date of transfer, and use it to work out the gain or loss.\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If you transfer an asset after you\u2019ve divorced or dissolved your civil partnership\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you transfer after your relationship has legally ended.\n\nThe rules for working out your gain or loss are complex. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help, such as an accountant or tax adviser. You\u2019ll need to tell them the date of:\n\n- the decree absolute or dissolution\n\n- any court order, if assets were transferred this way\n\n- any other contract showing the transfer of assets", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Getting a financial agreement

    ", + "

    When you divorce or end a civil partnership you and your ex-partner need to agree how to separate your finances.

    ", + "

    This includes deciding how you\u2019re going to divide:

    ", + "
  • pensions
    • ", + "
  • property
    • ", + "
  • savings
    • ", + "
  • investments
    • ", + "

    You might get things like:

    ", + "
  • a share of your your partner\u2019s pension - including State Pension or private pension plans
    • ", + "
  • regular maintenance payments to help with children or living expenses
    • ", + "

    You can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree how to split your money and property.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you were not married or in a civil partnership. You\u2019ll still have to agree on child maintenance payments for any children.

    ", + "

    What you can do is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Making an agreement legally binding

    ", + "

    If you and your ex-partner agree on how to divide money and property, you need to apply for a consent order to make it legally binding.

    ", + "

    Get help agreeing

    ", + "

    You can use a mediator or get other help to resolve issues out of court.

    ", + "

    Get the court to decide

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree on everything, you can ask a court to make a financial order.

    ", + "

    If you agree

    ", + "

    It\u2019s usually more straightforward and less expensive if you agree how to divide your money and property. Get help agreeing.

    ", + "

    Making your agreement legally binding

    ", + "

    To make your agreement legally binding you need to draft a consent order and ask a court to approve it.

    ", + "

    If your agreement is not legally binding, a court cannot enforce it if there are any issues later.

    ", + "

    A consent order is a legal document that confirms your agreement. It explains how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:

    ", + "
  • pensions
    • ", + "
  • property
    • ", + "
  • savings
    • ", + "
  • investments
    • ", + "

    It can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice or ask a solicitor to draft a consent order for you.

    ", + "

    When to apply for a consent order

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to approve your consent order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    It is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.

    ", + "

    The final legal document is the:

    ", + "
  • decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing
    • ", + "
  • final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    You can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended. This may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.

    ", + "

    How to ask the court for approval

    ", + "

    You and your ex-partner have to:

    ", + "
  • draft a consent order
    • ", + "
  • sign the draft consent order - you also need 2 photocopies of the signed original
    • ", + "
  • fill in a statement of information form
    • ", + "

    One of you also needs to fill in a notice of an application for a financial order.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re ending a civil partnership or legally separating, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to the court dealing with your paperwork. Keep your own copies.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re divorcing, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to:

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s usually no court hearing. A judge will approve your consent order to make it legally binding if they think it\u2019s fair.

    ", + "

    If they do not think it\u2019s fair, they can ask you to change it.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    The court fee is \u00a350.

    ", + "

    Solicitor fees vary depending on their experience and location. They usually charge per hour.

    ", + "

    Get help agreeing

    ", + "

    A mediator can help you and your ex-partner agree on how to split money and property, without taking sides.

    ", + "

    Mediation is not relationship counselling. It can help you agree on how you\u2019ll divide your assets, including:

    ", + "
  • pensions
    • ", + "
  • property
    • ", + "
  • savings
    • ", + "
  • investments
    • ", + "

    Mediation can be quicker and cheaper than asking a court to decide for you.

    ", + "

    You need to attend a mediation information assessment meeting (MIAM) before you start mediation.

    ", + "

    Find a local mediator.

    ", + "

    The mediator can decide mediation is not right for you (for example, if there\u2019s been domestic abuse and you need to go to court instead).

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    A MIAM is usually about \u00a330. If you need more mediation sessions they cost more and fees vary depending on where you live.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid for mediation.

    ", + "

    Making your agreement legally binding

    ", + "

    At the end of mediation you\u2019ll get a document showing what you agreed. This agreement is not legally binding.

    ", + "

    If you want a legally binding agreement you need to draft a consent order and get a court to approve it. The consent order can be based on what you agreed in mediation.

    ", + "

    If you need more help agreeing

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • ask a legal adviser about other ways to resolve issues out of court (such as family arbitration or collaborative law)
    • ", + "
  • get information and advice from Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced
    • ", + "
  • work out your finances with a divorce and separation calculator
    • ", + "

    If you do not agree on everything

    ", + "

    You can ask a court to decide on anything you have not agreed on.

    ", + "

    Get the court to decide

    ", + "

    If you and your ex-partner cannot agree how to divide your finances you can ask a court to make a financial order (also known as the \u2018contested\u2019 route or an \u2018ancillary relief order\u2019).

    ", + "

    This means the court will decide how assets will be split. Getting the court to decide usually takes longer and is more expensive than if you and your ex-partner agree.

    ", + "

    You must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).

    ", + "

    A financial order will describe how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:

    ", + "
  • pensions
    • ", + "
  • property
    • ", + "
  • savings
    • ", + "
  • investments
    • ", + "

    It can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.

    ", + "

    When to apply for a financial order

    ", + "

    You can ask a court to make a financial order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    It is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.

    ", + "

    The final legal document is the:

    ", + "
  • decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing
    • ", + "
  • final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    You can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended but it may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a financial order.

    ", + "

    Send 2 copies of the form to the court dealing with paperwork in your area to divorce or end your civil partnership. Keep a copy for yourself.

    ", + "

    You can hire a solicitor to help you apply for a financial order from the court.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    There are three stages:

    ", + "
  • the first appointment - a short hearing with the judge to discuss your application
    • ", + "
  • financial dispute resolution (FDR) appointment - to help you agree without needing a final hearing (you might need more than one appointment)
    • ", + "
  • final hearing - if you\u2019re not able to agree, this is when a judge will decide how you must separate your finances
    • ", + "

    The court will send you and your ex-partner details when the first appointment will be. This is usually 12 to 14 weeks after you apply.

    ", + "

    Before the first appointment

    ", + "

    You and your ex-partner need to fill in a financial statement for a financial order (Form E) to show a breakdown of your property and debts. This includes giving an estimate of your future living costs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to collect documents about your finances, for example:

    ", + "
  • rental or mortgage agreements
    • ", + "
  • pension documents
    • ", + "
  • loan agreements
    • ", + "
  • proof of your salary income, for example P60 or recent pay slips
    • ", + "
  • details of personal belongings worth more than \u00a3500, for example a car or house contents
    • ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    It depends on:

    ", + "
  • how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need
    • ", + "
  • if you need a final hearing
    • ", + "

    There can be several months between the appointments.

    ", + "

    How the court decides

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree, a judge will decide how assets will be split. They\u2019ll base their decision on how long you\u2019ve been married or in a civil partnership, as well as your:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • ability to earn
    • ", + "
  • property and money
    • ", + "
  • living expenses
    • ", + "
  • standard of living
    • ", + "
  • financial needs and responsibilities
    • ", + "
  • role in looking after the family, for example if you were the main earner or caring for the family or home
    • ", + "
  • disability or health condition, if you have any
    • ", + "

    The judge will decide on the fairest way to divide the assets if there\u2019s enough to meet everyone\u2019s needs. They will make arrangements for any children first - especially their housing arrangements and child maintenance. The reason for the divorce or dissolution is not taken into account.

    ", + "

    The judge will usually try to arrange a \u2018clean break\u2019, so everything is shared out, and you no longer have any financial ties to one another.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    The court fee is \u00a3255.

    ", + "

    Solicitor fees vary depending on their experience and where you live. They usually charge by the hour. How much you pay in total depends on how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need and if there will be a final hearing.

    ", + "

    You can get legal aid to help with court costs in certain situations, for example if you\u2019re separating from an abusive partner.

    ", + "

    Further help and advice

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • get information and advice from Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced
    • ", + "
  • find out more about how to apply for a financial order
    • ", + "

    Maintenance payments

    ", + "

    The court sometimes tells the person with the higher income to make regular maintenance payments to help with the other person\u2019s living costs.

    ", + "

    This is called a \u2018maintenance order\u2019.

    ", + "

    A maintenance payment can be set for:

    ", + "
  • a limited period of time
    • ", + "
  • until one of you dies, marries or enters into a new civil partnership
    • ", + "

    The payment can also be changed if one of you loses your job or gets much better paid work.

    ", + "

    Child maintenance

    ", + "

    The court can also decide on child maintenance, but this is often arranged by the Child Maintenance Service.

    ", + "

    Read more about making arrangements to look after children when you divorce or separate.

    ", + "

    Tax when transferring assets

    ", + "

    You do not usually have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you give, or otherwise \u2018dispose of\u2019, assets to your husband, wife or civil partner before you finalise the divorce or civil partnership.

    ", + "

    Assets include shares, certain personal possessions and property. You usually do not have to pay tax if you transfer or sell your main home.

    ", + "

    If you transfer an asset when you\u2019re separated

    ", + "

    If you lived together at any point in the tax year that you transferred the asset, the normal rules for spouses and civil partners apply.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you may have to pay Capital Gains Tax. You\u2019ll need to get a valuation of the asset on the date of transfer, and use it to work out the gain or loss.

    ", + "

    The tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.

    ", + "

    If you transfer an asset after you\u2019ve divorced or dissolved your civil partnership

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you transfer after your relationship has legally ended.

    ", + "

    The rules for working out your gain or loss are complex. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help, such as an accountant or tax adviser. You\u2019ll need to tell them the date of:

    ", + "
  • the decree absolute or dissolution
    • ", + "
  • any court order, if assets were transferred this way
    • ", + "
  • any other contract showing the transfer of assets
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/divorce": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/divorce", + "title": "Get a divorce", + "content": "## Check you can get a divorce\n\nYou can get divorced in England or Wales if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019ve been married for over a year\n\n- your relationship has permanently broken down\n\n- your marriage is legally recognised in the UK (including same-sex marriage)\n\n- the UK is your permanent home, or the permanent home of your husband or wife\n\nIf you do not want a divorce, you can get a legal separation so you can live apart without ending the marriage. You might also be able to annul the marriage. You can apply for separation or annulment during your first year of marriage.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nGetting a divorce is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Grounds for divorce\n\nWhen you apply for a divorce you\u2019ll need to prove that your marriage has broken down and cannot be saved. You\u2019ll need to give one or more of the following 5 reasons (also known as \u2018facts\u2019).\n\n## Adultery\n\nYour husband or wife had sexual intercourse with someone else of the opposite sex (committed adultery).\n\nYou cannot give adultery as a reason if you lived together as a couple for more than 6 months after you found out about it.\n\n## Unreasonable behaviour\n\nYour husband or wife has behaved in such a way that you cannot reasonably be expected to live with them.\n\nThis could include:\n\n- physical violence\n\n- verbal abuse, such as insults or threats\n\n- drunkenness or drug-taking\n\n- refusing to pay towards shared living expenses\n\n## Desertion\n\nYour husband or wife has left you for at least 2 years before you apply for divorce.\n\nYou can still claim desertion if you have lived together for up to a total of 6 months in this period, but that will not count towards the 2 years.\n\n## You\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years\n\nYou can apply for a divorce if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years before applying for divorce and you both agree to it.\n\nYour husband or wife must agree in writing.\n\nIt may be possible for you to show that you\u2019ve been separated while living in the same home as your wife or husband as long as you\u2019re not living together as a couple (for example you sleep and eat apart).\n\n## You\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years\n\nYou can apply for a divorce if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years before applying, even if your husband or wife disagrees.\n\n## Before you apply\n\nBefore you send in your application, you and your husband or wife can choose to work out:\n\n- arrangements for looking after any children\n\n- child maintenance payments for any children\n\nYou can also divide your money and property. There\u2019s a deadline if you want to make this legally binding.\n\nYou can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree about children, money and property and the reasons for ending your marriage.\n\n## Get help agreeing on issues\n\nYou can use a mediator. Check if you can get legal aid to help pay for mediation.\n\nYou can also get advice on making agreements from:\n\n- organisations near you\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n## If you\u2019re married to more than one person\n\nContact your regional divorce centre if you\u2019re married to more than one person (polygamy).\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply for a divorce you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your husband or wife\u2019s full name and address\n\n- your original marriage certificate or a certified copy (and a certified translation if it\u2019s not in English)\n\n- proof of your name change if you\u2019ve changed it since you got married - for example your marriage certificate or a deed poll\n\nYou must try to find your husband or wife\u2019s current address if you do not know it. The court will need it to send them a copy of the divorce petition.\n\nIf you name the person your husband or wife committed adultery with, they\u2019ll get copies of the paperwork.\n\n## Fee\n\nYou must pay a \u00a3550 fee to apply for a divorce. The way you pay depends on how you apply. Your fee will not be refunded after you are sent the notice that your application has been issued.\n\nYou may be able to get help with fees if you get benefits or are on a low income.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply for a divorce online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a debit or credit card to apply online.\n\n## Apply by post or in Welsh\n\nFill in a divorce application form D8 (\u2018divorce petition\u2019) to start a divorce.\n\nYou can get help filling in the form at a Citizens Advice office.\n\nSend 3 copies of the form to your nearest divorce centre. They\u2019ll send one copy to your husband or wife.\n\nYou need to send 4 copies if you named someone your husband or wife committed adultery with.\n\nKeep your own copy of the forms.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can either pay by:\n\n- debit or credit card - the divorce centre will call you to take payment\n\n- cheque - made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\n## What happens after you apply\n\nYour application will be checked. If it\u2019s correct, you\u2019ll be sent:\n\n- a notice that your application has been issued (sent out)\n\n- a copy of your application stamped by the divorce centre\n\n- a case number\n\nThis may take up to 10 days if you applied online or 1 month if you applied by post.\n\nThe court will send your husband or wife the divorce application and an \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 form. Your husband or wife will need to respond to your divorce application.\n\nIf you named someone your husband or wife committed adultery with, they\u2019ll also be sent a copy of the application and be asked to respond.\n\n## Your husband or wife responds\n\nThe acknowledgement of service form asks your husband or wife if they:\n\n- agree with the divorce\n\n- intend to try to prevent the divorce (defend it)\n\n- object to paying the costs (if you\u2019ve claimed them)\n\nYour husband or wife must respond within 8 days.\n\n## If they agree with the divorce\n\nYou can continue with the divorce by applying for a decree nisi.\n\n## If they defend the divorce\n\nYour husband or wife will have to complete an \u2018answer to divorce\u2019 form to say why they disagree with the divorce. They must do this within 28 days of getting the divorce application.\n\nIf they do not submit an \u2018answer to divorce\u2019 form, you can continue the divorce by applying for a decree nisi.\n\nIf they do submit an answer to divorce in time, you may have to go to court to discuss the case.\n\n## Apply for decree nisi\n\nYou can apply for a decree nisi if your husband or wife does not defend your divorce petition.\n\nA decree nisi is a document that says that the court does not see any reason why you cannot divorce.\n\nIf your husband or wife does not agree to the divorce, you can still apply for a decree nisi. However, you\u2019ll have to go to a court hearing to discuss the case, where a judge will decide whether to grant you a decree nisi.\n\nIf you already have a hearing date, the court will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo get a decree nisi, read the guidance and then fill in the application for a decree nisi.\n\nYou must also fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your divorce petition is true.\n\nThere are 5 statement forms - use the one that covers the reason you\u2019ve given for your divorce:\n\n- adultery statement\n\n- unreasonable behaviour statement\n\n- desertion statement\n\n- 2 years\u2019 separation statement\n\n- 5 years\u2019 separation statement\n\nAttach a copy of your husband\u2019s or wife\u2019s response to the divorce petition.\n\n## Getting a decree nisi\n\nIf the judge agrees, the court will send you and your husband or wife a certificate. This may take several weeks.\n\nThe certificate will tell you the time and date you\u2019ll be granted a decree nisi.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be married after the decree nisi has been granted. You\u2019ll have to wait 43 days (6 weeks and 1 day) before you can apply for a \u2018decree absolute\u2019 to actually end the marriage.\n\n## Your application is rejected\n\nYou may be sent a \u2018notice of refusal of judge\u2019s certificate\u2019 form, saying why you cannot divorce.\n\nThe form will tell you what to do next. The judge may want more information in writing, or you may have to go to a court hearing.\n\nYou can get legal advice if there\u2019s going to be a court hearing.\n\n## Apply for a decree absolute\n\nThe decree absolute is the legal document that ends your marriage.\n\nYou need to wait at least 43 days (6 weeks and 1 day) after the date of the decree nisi before you can apply for a decree absolute.\n\nApply within 12 months of getting the decree nisi - otherwise you will have to explain the delay to the court.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply for a decree absolute, fill in the notice of application for decree nisi to be made absolute form.\n\nIf you want a legally binding arrangement for dividing money and property you must apply to the court for this before you apply for a decree absolute.\n\n## Getting the decree absolute\n\nThe court will check that:\n\n- time limits have been met\n\n- there are no other reasons not to grant the divorce\n\nThe court will then send you both a decree absolute.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your decree absolute within:\n\n- 24 hours (Monday to Friday) if you applied online\n\n- 10 days if you applied by post\n\nIf a solicitor is acting for you, the decree absolute will be sent to them. You\u2019ll need to ask them for a copy.\n\nOnce you get the decree absolute, you are divorced, no longer married and free to marry again if you wish.\n\nKeep the decree absolute safe - you will need to show it if you remarry or to prove your marital status.\n\nIf you lose your decree absolute, you can apply to the court for a copy.\n\n## If you do not apply for the decree absolute\n\nYour husband or wife can apply for the decree absolute if you do not. They\u2019ll have to wait an extra 3 months to do this, on top of the standard 43 days.\n\n## If your husband or wife lacks mental capacity\n\nYou can apply for a divorce if your husband or wife \u2018lacks mental capacity\u2019 and cannot agree to a divorce or take part in the divorce case.\n\nYour husband or wife will need someone to make decisions for them during the divorce. The person who acts on their behalf is called a \u2018litigation friend\u2019. It can be a family member, close friend or someone else who can represent them.\n\n## Your husband or wife does not have a litigation friend\n\nIf there\u2019s no one suitable and willing to be their litigation friend, you can apply to the court to appoint a litigation friend.\n\nThe Official Solicitor may agree to act as your husband or wife\u2019s litigation friend when there\u2019s no one else to do this (\u2018litigation friend of last resort\u2019).\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Check there\u2019s nobody else suitable or willing to act as your husband or wife\u2019s litigation friend.\n\n- Check that there\u2019s money available for any costs the Official Solicitor has to pay. Your husband or wife may be able to get legal aid.\n\n- Give the details of your husband or wife\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to the court so it can ask for a certificate of capacity.\n\nIf the Official Solicitor agrees to act as litigation friend for your husband or wife, you\u2019ll be able to file for divorce.\n\n## Contact the Official Solicitor\u2019s staff\n\nEmail or call the private family law team if you have an enquiry about divorcing someone who lacks mental capacity. They cannot answer general questions about divorce.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Check you can get a divorce

    ", + "

    You can get divorced in England or Wales if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been married for over a year
    • ", + "
  • your relationship has permanently broken down
    • ", + "
  • your marriage is legally recognised in the UK (including same-sex marriage)
    • ", + "
  • the UK is your permanent home, or the permanent home of your husband or wife
    • ", + "

    If you do not want a divorce, you can get a legal separation so you can live apart without ending the marriage. You might also be able to annul the marriage. You can apply for separation or annulment during your first year of marriage.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Getting a divorce is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Grounds for divorce

    ", + "

    When you apply for a divorce you\u2019ll need to prove that your marriage has broken down and cannot be saved. You\u2019ll need to give one or more of the following 5 reasons (also known as \u2018facts\u2019).

    ", + "

    Adultery

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife had sexual intercourse with someone else of the opposite sex (committed adultery).

    ", + "

    You cannot give adultery as a reason if you lived together as a couple for more than 6 months after you found out about it.

    ", + "

    Unreasonable behaviour

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife has behaved in such a way that you cannot reasonably be expected to live with them.

    ", + "

    This could include:

    ", + "
  • physical violence
    • ", + "
  • verbal abuse, such as insults or threats
    • ", + "
  • drunkenness or drug-taking
    • ", + "
  • refusing to pay towards shared living expenses
    • ", + "

    Desertion

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife has left you for at least 2 years before you apply for divorce.

    ", + "

    You can still claim desertion if you have lived together for up to a total of 6 months in this period, but that will not count towards the 2 years.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years

    ", + "

    You can apply for a divorce if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years before applying for divorce and you both agree to it.

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife must agree in writing.

    ", + "

    It may be possible for you to show that you\u2019ve been separated while living in the same home as your wife or husband as long as you\u2019re not living together as a couple (for example you sleep and eat apart).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years

    ", + "

    You can apply for a divorce if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years before applying, even if your husband or wife disagrees.

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    Before you send in your application, you and your husband or wife can choose to work out:

    ", + "
  • arrangements for looking after any children
    • ", + "
  • child maintenance payments for any children
    • ", + "

    You can also divide your money and property. There\u2019s a deadline if you want to make this legally binding.

    ", + "

    You can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree about children, money and property and the reasons for ending your marriage.

    ", + "

    Get help agreeing on issues

    ", + "

    You can use a mediator. Check if you can get legal aid to help pay for mediation.

    ", + "

    You can also get advice on making agreements from:

    ", + "
  • organisations near you
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re married to more than one person

    ", + "

    Contact your regional divorce centre if you\u2019re married to more than one person (polygamy).

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To apply for a divorce you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your husband or wife\u2019s full name and address
    • ", + "
  • your original marriage certificate or a certified copy (and a certified translation if it\u2019s not in English)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your name change if you\u2019ve changed it since you got married - for example your marriage certificate or a deed poll
    • ", + "

    You must try to find your husband or wife\u2019s current address if you do not know it. The court will need it to send them a copy of the divorce petition.

    ", + "

    If you name the person your husband or wife committed adultery with, they\u2019ll get copies of the paperwork.

    ", + "

    Fee

    ", + "

    You must pay a \u00a3550 fee to apply for a divorce. The way you pay depends on how you apply. Your fee will not be refunded after you are sent the notice that your application has been issued.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with fees if you get benefits or are on a low income.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can apply for a divorce online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a debit or credit card to apply online.

    ", + "

    Apply by post or in Welsh

    ", + "

    Fill in a divorce application form D8 (\u2018divorce petition\u2019) to start a divorce.

    ", + "

    You can get help filling in the form at a Citizens Advice office.

    ", + "

    Send 3 copies of the form to your nearest divorce centre. They\u2019ll send one copy to your husband or wife.

    ", + "

    You need to send 4 copies if you named someone your husband or wife committed adultery with.

    ", + "

    Keep your own copy of the forms.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You can either pay by:

    ", + "
  • debit or credit card - the divorce centre will call you to take payment
    • ", + "
  • cheque - made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019
    • ", + "

    What happens after you apply

    ", + "

    Your application will be checked. If it\u2019s correct, you\u2019ll be sent:

    ", + "
  • a notice that your application has been issued (sent out)
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your application stamped by the divorce centre
    • ", + "
  • a case number
    • ", + "

    This may take up to 10 days if you applied online or 1 month if you applied by post.

    ", + "

    The court will send your husband or wife the divorce application and an \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 form. Your husband or wife will need to respond to your divorce application.

    ", + "

    If you named someone your husband or wife committed adultery with, they\u2019ll also be sent a copy of the application and be asked to respond.

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife responds

    ", + "

    The acknowledgement of service form asks your husband or wife if they:

    ", + "
  • agree with the divorce
    • ", + "
  • intend to try to prevent the divorce (defend it)
    • ", + "
  • object to paying the costs (if you\u2019ve claimed them)
    • ", + "

    Your husband or wife must respond within 8 days.

    ", + "

    If they agree with the divorce

    ", + "

    You can continue with the divorce by applying for a decree nisi.

    ", + "

    If they defend the divorce

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife will have to complete an \u2018answer to divorce\u2019 form to say why they disagree with the divorce. They must do this within 28 days of getting the divorce application.

    ", + "

    If they do not submit an \u2018answer to divorce\u2019 form, you can continue the divorce by applying for a decree nisi.

    ", + "

    If they do submit an answer to divorce in time, you may have to go to court to discuss the case.

    ", + "

    Apply for decree nisi

    ", + "

    You can apply for a decree nisi if your husband or wife does not defend your divorce petition.

    ", + "

    A decree nisi is a document that says that the court does not see any reason why you cannot divorce.

    ", + "

    If your husband or wife does not agree to the divorce, you can still apply for a decree nisi. However, you\u2019ll have to go to a court hearing to discuss the case, where a judge will decide whether to grant you a decree nisi.

    ", + "

    If you already have a hearing date, the court will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To get a decree nisi, read the guidance and then fill in the application for a decree nisi.

    ", + "

    You must also fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your divorce petition is true.

    ", + "

    There are 5 statement forms - use the one that covers the reason you\u2019ve given for your divorce:

    ", + "
  • adultery statement
    • ", + "
  • unreasonable behaviour statement
    • ", + "
  • desertion statement
    • ", + "
  • 2 years\u2019 separation statement
    • ", + "
  • 5 years\u2019 separation statement
    • ", + "

    Attach a copy of your husband\u2019s or wife\u2019s response to the divorce petition.

    ", + "

    Getting a decree nisi

    ", + "

    If the judge agrees, the court will send you and your husband or wife a certificate. This may take several weeks.

    ", + "

    The certificate will tell you the time and date you\u2019ll be granted a decree nisi.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be married after the decree nisi has been granted. You\u2019ll have to wait 43 days (6 weeks and 1 day) before you can apply for a \u2018decree absolute\u2019 to actually end the marriage.

    ", + "

    Your application is rejected

    ", + "

    You may be sent a \u2018notice of refusal of judge\u2019s certificate\u2019 form, saying why you cannot divorce.

    ", + "

    The form will tell you what to do next. The judge may want more information in writing, or you may have to go to a court hearing.

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice if there\u2019s going to be a court hearing.

    ", + "

    Apply for a decree absolute

    ", + "

    The decree absolute is the legal document that ends your marriage.

    ", + "

    You need to wait at least 43 days (6 weeks and 1 day) after the date of the decree nisi before you can apply for a decree absolute.

    ", + "

    Apply within 12 months of getting the decree nisi - otherwise you will have to explain the delay to the court.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To apply for a decree absolute, fill in the notice of application for decree nisi to be made absolute form.

    ", + "

    If you want a legally binding arrangement for dividing money and property you must apply to the court for this before you apply for a decree absolute.

    ", + "

    Getting the decree absolute

    ", + "

    The court will check that:

    ", + "
  • time limits have been met
    • ", + "
  • there are no other reasons not to grant the divorce
    • ", + "

    The court will then send you both a decree absolute.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your decree absolute within:

    ", + "
  • 24 hours (Monday to Friday) if you applied online
    • ", + "
  • 10 days if you applied by post
    • ", + "

    If a solicitor is acting for you, the decree absolute will be sent to them. You\u2019ll need to ask them for a copy.

    ", + "

    Once you get the decree absolute, you are divorced, no longer married and free to marry again if you wish.

    ", + "

    Keep the decree absolute safe - you will need to show it if you remarry or to prove your marital status.

    ", + "

    If you lose your decree absolute, you can apply to the court for a copy.

    ", + "

    If you do not apply for the decree absolute

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife can apply for the decree absolute if you do not. They\u2019ll have to wait an extra 3 months to do this, on top of the standard 43 days.

    ", + "

    If your husband or wife lacks mental capacity

    ", + "

    You can apply for a divorce if your husband or wife \u2018lacks mental capacity\u2019 and cannot agree to a divorce or take part in the divorce case.

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife will need someone to make decisions for them during the divorce. The person who acts on their behalf is called a \u2018litigation friend\u2019. It can be a family member, close friend or someone else who can represent them.

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife does not have a litigation friend

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s no one suitable and willing to be their litigation friend, you can apply to the court to appoint a litigation friend.

    ", + "

    The Official Solicitor may agree to act as your husband or wife\u2019s litigation friend when there\u2019s no one else to do this (\u2018litigation friend of last resort\u2019).

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "
  • Check there\u2019s nobody else suitable or willing to act as your husband or wife\u2019s litigation friend.
    • ", + "
  • Check that there\u2019s money available for any costs the Official Solicitor has to pay. Your husband or wife may be able to get legal aid.
    • ", + "
  • Give the details of your husband or wife\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to the court so it can ask for a certificate of capacity.
    • ", + "

    If the Official Solicitor agrees to act as litigation friend for your husband or wife, you\u2019ll be able to file for divorce.

    ", + "

    Contact the Official Solicitor\u2019s staff

    ", + "

    Email or call the private family law team if you have an enquiry about divorcing someone who lacks mental capacity. They cannot answer general questions about divorce.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/end-civil-partnership": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/end-civil-partnership", + "title": "End a civil partnership", + "content": "## Check you can end your civil partnership\n\nYou can apply to end (\u2018dissolve\u2019) your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been in the partnership for over a year.\n\nIf you do not want to end the civil partnership, you can get a legal separation so you can live apart. You can apply for separation during the first year of your civil partnership.\n\nEnding your civil partnership is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## How to end your civil partnership\n\nYou must send paperwork to a court to ask for permission to end your civil partnership.\n\nSeparate from the paperwork, you and your ex-partner may need to work out:\n\n- arrangements for looking after any children\n\n- child maintenance payments for any children\n\nYou also need to divide your money and property. There\u2019s a deadline if you want to make this legally binding.\n\nYou can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree about children, money and property and the reasons for ending your civil partnership.\n\n## Get help agreeing on issues\n\nYou can use a mediator. Check if you can get legal aid to help pay for mediation.\n\nYou can also get advice on making agreements from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Advicenow\n\n## Grounds for ending a civil partnership\n\nWhen you apply to end your civil partnership (\u2018dissolution\u2019), you\u2019ll need to prove your relationship has broken down and cannot be saved.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give one or more of the following 4 reasons (also known as \u2018facts\u2019).\n\n## Unreasonable behaviour\n\nYour civil partner has behaved in a way that means you cannot reasonably be expected to live with them.\n\nThis could include:\n\n- physical or mental cruelty\n\n- verbal or physical abuse\n\n- being irresponsible with money\n\n- being sexually unfaithful\n\n## Desertion\n\nYour civil partner has intentionally left you for at least 2 years.\n\nYou can still claim desertion if you have lived together for up to a total of 6 months in this period. This will not count towards the 2 years.\n\n## You\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years\n\nYou can apply to end your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years before applying and you both agree to end the civil partnership.\n\nYour civil partner must agree in writing to end the civil partnership.\n\nIt may be possible for you to show that you\u2019ve been separated while living in the same home as your civil partner as long as you\u2019re not living together as a couple (for example you sleep and eat apart).\n\n## You\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years\n\nYou can apply to end your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years, even if your civil partner disagrees.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo end a civil partnership, you first need to fill in a dissolution application.\n\nYou must include your:\n\n- full name and address\n\n- civil partner\u2019s full name and address\n\n- civil partnership certificate - send the original certificate or get a copy from a register office\n\nInclude the names and dates of birth of any children (no matter how old they are).\n\nYou must try to find your civil partner\u2019s current address if you do not know it. The court will need it to send them a copy of the dissolution application.\n\n## Pay the court fee\n\nYou will have to pay a \u00a3550 court fee to file the dissolution application.\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\n## By phone with a debit or credit card\n\nThe court calls you to take your payment. Include a letter with your petition to request the call and give them your phone number.\n\n## By post with a cheque\n\nMake out the cheque to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 and send it with your application.\n\n## Send the forms\n\nOnce you have filled in the forms:\n\n- send 3 copies to the court\n\n- keep copies for yourself\n\n- include your cheque, or your letter asking to pay by phone\n\n## Where to send the forms\n\nSend the forms to your nearest court dealing with civil partnership dissolution.\n\n## Apply for a conditional order\n\nYou can get a conditional order if your partner agrees to end the civil partnership.\n\nA conditional order is a document that says the court does not see any reason why you cannot end the civil partnership. It is the first of 2 stages to getting the civil partnership dissolved -\u00ad the second stage is getting a final order.\n\nIf your partner does not agree to end the civil partnership, you can still apply for a conditional order. You\u2019ll have to go to a hearing at the court to discuss the case, where a judge will decide whether to grant you the conditional order.\n\nYou must wait at least 7 days after your civil partner has received their copy of the dissolution application.\n\n## Fill in the application form\n\nTo apply for a conditional order, fill in the application for a conditional order.\n\nIf your partner is defending the case, fill in section B of the form, saying you want a \u2018case management hearing\u2019 before the judge.\n\nYou also need to fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your dissolution application is true.\n\nThere are 4 statement forms - use the one that covers the reason you\u2019ve given for ending the civil partnership:\n\n- unreasonable behaviour statement\n\n- desertion statement\n\n- 2 years\u2019 separation statement\n\n- 5 years\u2019 separation statement\n\nThe forms will need to show your civil partner:\n\n- has received the dissolution application\n\n- agrees to the dissolution if you\u2019re using the fact that you\u2019ve been living apart for 2 years as your reason\n\n- agrees with any arrangement proposed for children\n\nAttach your civil partner\u2019s response to the dissolution application, and send it to the court. Keep your own copy.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be civil partners at this stage, the \u2018final order\u2019 actually ends your civil partnership.\n\n## Apply for a final order\n\nThe final order is the legal document that ends your civil partnership.\n\nYou have to wait 6 weeks after the date of the conditional order to apply for a final order.\n\nIf your civil partner applied for a conditional order, you have to wait 3 months and 6 weeks after the date of the conditional order.\n\nApply within 12 months of getting the conditional order - otherwise you will have to explain the delay to the court.\n\nIf you want a legally binding arrangement for dividing money and property you must apply to the court for this before you apply for a final order.\n\nTo apply for a final order, fill in the application for a conditional order to be made final.\n\nReturn the form to the court. This will usually be the same court that dealt with your conditional order.\n\n## Getting the final order\n\nThe court will check that there are no reasons why the civil partnership cannot be ended. You must provide all details the court asks for within the time limits.\n\nIf the court is happy with all the information, it will send you and your civil partner a final order.\n\nOnce you get your final order, your civil partnership has ended and you can marry or enter into another civil partnership.\n\nYou must keep your final order safe - you will need to show it if you enter into another civil partnership or to prove your status.\n\n## If your partner lacks mental capacity\n\nYou can apply to end your civil partnership if your partner \u2018lacks mental capacity\u2019 and cannot agree to end the civil partnership or take part in the process.\n\nYour partner will need someone to make decisions for them during the process. The person who acts on their behalf is called a \u2018litigation friend\u2019. It can be a family member, close friend or someone else who can represent them.\n\n## Your partner does not have a litigation friend\n\nIf there\u2019s no one suitable and willing to be their litigation friend, you can apply to the court to appoint a litigation friend.\n\nThe Official Solicitor may agree to act as your partner\u2019s litigation friend when there\u2019s no one else to do this (\u2018litigation friend of last resort\u2019).\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Check there\u2019s nobody else suitable or willing to act as your civil partner\u2019s litigation friend.\n\n- Check that there\u2019s money available for any costs the Official Solicitor has to pay. Your civil partner may be able to get legal aid.\n\n- Give the details of your civil partner\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to the court so it can ask for a certificate of capacity.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf the Official Solicitor agrees to act as litigation friend for your civil partner, you\u2019ll be able to end your civil partnership.\n\n## Contact the Official Solicitor\u2019s staff\n\nEmail or call the private family law team if you have an enquiry.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Check you can end your civil partnership

    ", + "

    You can apply to end (\u2018dissolve\u2019) your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been in the partnership for over a year.

    ", + "

    If you do not want to end the civil partnership, you can get a legal separation so you can live apart. You can apply for separation during the first year of your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    Ending your civil partnership is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    How to end your civil partnership

    ", + "

    You must send paperwork to a court to ask for permission to end your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    Separate from the paperwork, you and your ex-partner may need to work out:

    ", + "
  • arrangements for looking after any children
    • ", + "
  • child maintenance payments for any children
    • ", + "

    You also need to divide your money and property. There\u2019s a deadline if you want to make this legally binding.

    ", + "

    You can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree about children, money and property and the reasons for ending your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    Get help agreeing on issues

    ", + "

    You can use a mediator. Check if you can get legal aid to help pay for mediation.

    ", + "

    You can also get advice on making agreements from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • Advicenow
    • ", + "

    Grounds for ending a civil partnership

    ", + "

    When you apply to end your civil partnership (\u2018dissolution\u2019), you\u2019ll need to prove your relationship has broken down and cannot be saved.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give one or more of the following 4 reasons (also known as \u2018facts\u2019).

    ", + "

    Unreasonable behaviour

    ", + "

    Your civil partner has behaved in a way that means you cannot reasonably be expected to live with them.

    ", + "

    This could include:

    ", + "
  • physical or mental cruelty
    • ", + "
  • verbal or physical abuse
    • ", + "
  • being irresponsible with money
    • ", + "
  • being sexually unfaithful
    • ", + "

    Desertion

    ", + "

    Your civil partner has intentionally left you for at least 2 years.

    ", + "

    You can still claim desertion if you have lived together for up to a total of 6 months in this period. This will not count towards the 2 years.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years

    ", + "

    You can apply to end your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years before applying and you both agree to end the civil partnership.

    ", + "

    Your civil partner must agree in writing to end the civil partnership.

    ", + "

    It may be possible for you to show that you\u2019ve been separated while living in the same home as your civil partner as long as you\u2019re not living together as a couple (for example you sleep and eat apart).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years

    ", + "

    You can apply to end your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years, even if your civil partner disagrees.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To end a civil partnership, you first need to fill in a dissolution application.

    ", + "

    You must include your:

    ", + "
  • full name and address
    • ", + "
  • civil partner\u2019s full name and address
    • ", + "
  • civil partnership certificate - send the original certificate or get a copy from a register office
    • ", + "

    Include the names and dates of birth of any children (no matter how old they are).

    ", + "

    You must try to find your civil partner\u2019s current address if you do not know it. The court will need it to send them a copy of the dissolution application.

    ", + "

    Pay the court fee

    ", + "

    You will have to pay a \u00a3550 court fee to file the dissolution application.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.

    ", + "

    By phone with a debit or credit card

    ", + "

    The court calls you to take your payment. Include a letter with your petition to request the call and give them your phone number.

    ", + "

    By post with a cheque

    ", + "

    Make out the cheque to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 and send it with your application.

    ", + "

    Send the forms

    ", + "

    Once you have filled in the forms:

    ", + "
  • send 3 copies to the court
    • ", + "
  • keep copies for yourself
    • ", + "
  • include your cheque, or your letter asking to pay by phone
    • ", + "

    Where to send the forms

    ", + "

    Send the forms to your nearest court dealing with civil partnership dissolution.

    ", + "

    Apply for a conditional order

    ", + "

    You can get a conditional order if your partner agrees to end the civil partnership.

    ", + "

    A conditional order is a document that says the court does not see any reason why you cannot end the civil partnership. It is the first of 2 stages to getting the civil partnership dissolved -\u00ad the second stage is getting a final order.

    ", + "

    If your partner does not agree to end the civil partnership, you can still apply for a conditional order. You\u2019ll have to go to a hearing at the court to discuss the case, where a judge will decide whether to grant you the conditional order.

    ", + "

    You must wait at least 7 days after your civil partner has received their copy of the dissolution application.

    ", + "

    Fill in the application form

    ", + "

    To apply for a conditional order, fill in the application for a conditional order.

    ", + "

    If your partner is defending the case, fill in section B of the form, saying you want a \u2018case management hearing\u2019 before the judge.

    ", + "

    You also need to fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your dissolution application is true.

    ", + "

    There are 4 statement forms - use the one that covers the reason you\u2019ve given for ending the civil partnership:

    ", + "
  • unreasonable behaviour statement
    • ", + "
  • desertion statement
    • ", + "
  • 2 years\u2019 separation statement
    • ", + "
  • 5 years\u2019 separation statement
    • ", + "

    The forms will need to show your civil partner:

    ", + "
  • has received the dissolution application
    • ", + "
  • agrees to the dissolution if you\u2019re using the fact that you\u2019ve been living apart for 2 years as your reason
    • ", + "
  • agrees with any arrangement proposed for children
    • ", + "

    Attach your civil partner\u2019s response to the dissolution application, and send it to the court. Keep your own copy.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be civil partners at this stage, the \u2018final order\u2019 actually ends your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    Apply for a final order

    ", + "

    The final order is the legal document that ends your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    You have to wait 6 weeks after the date of the conditional order to apply for a final order.

    ", + "

    If your civil partner applied for a conditional order, you have to wait 3 months and 6 weeks after the date of the conditional order.

    ", + "

    Apply within 12 months of getting the conditional order - otherwise you will have to explain the delay to the court.

    ", + "

    If you want a legally binding arrangement for dividing money and property you must apply to the court for this before you apply for a final order.

    ", + "

    To apply for a final order, fill in the application for a conditional order to be made final.

    ", + "

    Return the form to the court. This will usually be the same court that dealt with your conditional order.

    ", + "

    Getting the final order

    ", + "

    The court will check that there are no reasons why the civil partnership cannot be ended. You must provide all details the court asks for within the time limits.

    ", + "

    If the court is happy with all the information, it will send you and your civil partner a final order.

    ", + "

    Once you get your final order, your civil partnership has ended and you can marry or enter into another civil partnership.

    ", + "

    You must keep your final order safe - you will need to show it if you enter into another civil partnership or to prove your status.

    ", + "

    If your partner lacks mental capacity

    ", + "

    You can apply to end your civil partnership if your partner \u2018lacks mental capacity\u2019 and cannot agree to end the civil partnership or take part in the process.

    ", + "

    Your partner will need someone to make decisions for them during the process. The person who acts on their behalf is called a \u2018litigation friend\u2019. It can be a family member, close friend or someone else who can represent them.

    ", + "

    Your partner does not have a litigation friend

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s no one suitable and willing to be their litigation friend, you can apply to the court to appoint a litigation friend.

    ", + "

    The Official Solicitor may agree to act as your partner\u2019s litigation friend when there\u2019s no one else to do this (\u2018litigation friend of last resort\u2019).

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "
  • Check there\u2019s nobody else suitable or willing to act as your civil partner\u2019s litigation friend.
    • ", + "
  • Check that there\u2019s money available for any costs the Official Solicitor has to pay. Your civil partner may be able to get legal aid.
    • ", + "
  • Give the details of your civil partner\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to the court so it can ask for a certificate of capacity.
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If the Official Solicitor agrees to act as litigation friend for your civil partner, you\u2019ll be able to end your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    Contact the Official Solicitor\u2019s staff

    ", + "

    Email or call the private family law team if you have an enquiry.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/growing-your-business": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/growing-your-business", + "title": "Growing your business", + "content": "## Plan for growth\n\nOnce your business is established and you\u2019re making a profit on the products and services you sell to customers, you may want to start thinking about how to grow.\n\nMany businesses think of growth in terms of increased sales, but it\u2019s also important to focus on how to maintain or improve your profitability.\n\nThings you can do to help grow your business include:\n\n- looking into ways of increasing your sales, both to existing customers and new customers\n\n- improving your products and services by researching and testing changes with your customers\n\n- developing new products and services, and selling them to new or existing markets\n\n- taking on staff or training your current staff, including working with apprentices and mentors\n\n- looking for additional sources of funding, such as bringing in new investors\n\n- thinking about selling your products or services online\n\n- work with a business mentor, who can help you think about how to do all of these things\n\n## As your business grows\n\nYou must register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover reaches more than \u00a385,000.\n\nYou may also find that a different legal structure is more suitable as your business grows.\n\nContact the business support helpline in your area for help and advice on starting or growing your business.\n\n## Get extra funding\n\nGrowing your business, whether through increased sales or improved profitability, often means you need to invest more. You can do this by:\n\n- investing previous profits back into your business\n\n- taking out a loan\n\n- selling shares to outside investors\n\n- looking for other sources of finance, including government-backed schemes\n\nFind out which types of finance might work for your business.\n\nFind public finance using the finance finder tool, or search for private finance.\n\nProfessional advisers such as accountants can help you to work out whether it makes financial sense to take on loans or investment. You should take legal advice before taking on new investment in your business.\n\nFind a chartered accountant on the Institute of Chartered Accountants (ICAEW) website, or a solicitor on the Law Society website.\n\n## Taking out a loan\n\nYou should make sure that your business will be able to pay back the debt before you take out a loan. Repayments are often made in instalments over a number of years, and you\u2019ll need to pay off any interest on outstanding debts.\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader looking for a loan, a lender might ask you to provide a personal guarantee or promise to hand over assets like your house or car if you can\u2019t repay the loan.\n\n## Selling shares\n\nIf you\u2019re thinking of bringing in new investors, they\u2019ll want to know how much your business could increase in value if they buy shares. To work this out, they\u2019ll need to know how much their investment will increase your sales and profitability.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide potential lenders and investors with a financial model showing:\n\n- how your business will spend the extra money to increase sales and profitability\n\n- how initial costs and increased ongoing costs will affect your cash flow\n\nIncreases in sales usually only happen after taking on additional costs like employing more staff, moving to larger premises or putting in bigger orders for raw materials. You\u2019ll need to take all of these into account in your financial planning.\n\n## Increase sales to existing customers\n\nHow you go about increasing sales depends on your circumstances and how your business is performing. You might choose to focus on customers who\u2019ve already bought from you, or you could try to win new customers in your local area, nationally or overseas.\n\nThe simplest way to increase your sales is to sell more of the products or services you\u2019re selling at the moment to the customers who are already buying them. For most businesses this involves:\n\n- persuading one-off customers to become repeat customers\n\n- finding customers who\u2019ve stopped buying from you and trying to win them back\n\n- selling more of the same products or services to your regular customers\n\nBy keeping a record of who your customers are and what you sold to them, you can work out who\u2019s stopped buying from you, and who might consider buying more. Targeting these customers is often a cheaper and more effective way to increase sales than trying to find new ones.\n\n## Review your prices\n\nRegularly reviewing your prices and checking them against your competitors can be an effective way of increasing your sales, profits or both.\n\nYou should try to estimate the likely effect of different price changes on the sales, cash flow and profitability of your business before making any changes. To do this successfully, you need to understand:\n\n- the \u2018cost structure\u2019 of your business (including regular \u2018fixed\u2019 costs, and \u2018variable\u2019 costs that change according to your business\u2019 activity)\n\n- the value your customers place on your products and services\n\nIt\u2019s worth bearing in mind that offering a discount can sometimes reduce your overall profitability, even if your sales go up. Equally, you might be able to make more profit overall by increasing prices, even if you\u2019re selling fewer items.\n\nSmall changes to pricing like providing loyalty schemes or bulk discounts can increase sales to both existing and former customers.\n\nYou should also regularly check the price you\u2019re selling products and services at against competitors. This will help you find out if you\u2019re:\n\n- losing customers who get the same product or service elsewhere for less money\n\n- sacrificing profitability, because customers are willing to pay more than you\u2019re charging them\n\nFind resources on pricing strategy and increasing sales on the Marketing Donut website.\n\n## Attract new customers\n\nOne way of finding new customers for your products and services is by increasing awareness in your local area. You can do this by:\n\n- asking your customers to recommend you to their friends and colleagues\n\n- advertising in local media\n\n- using other forms of marketing, including online\n\nYou could also talk to potential customers who don\u2019t use your business at the moment and find out what it would take for them to switch from your competition.\n\n## Expanding outside your local area\n\nIf you want to sell your product or service through new sales channels or markets elsewhere in the UK, there are different organisations you\u2019ll need to work with, including:\n\n- wholesalers\n\n- retailers, including online retailers\n\n- distributors\n\nYou could try using direct marketing to find new customers.\n\nSearch the contracts finder for business opportunities from government departments and agencies.\n\n## Expanding outside the UK\n\nYou might decide to find new customers outside the UK by exporting your products. The Department for International Trade offers help and resources on successfully selling your products and services to customers in other countries.\n\nMake sure that you\u2019re aware of your legal responsibilities around the sale of goods and services, and data protection.\n\n## Improve your products and services\n\nIf you\u2019re looking to grow your business by improving your products and services, start by focusing on your existing customers and their needs.\n\nTalk to them, and find out their views on:\n\n- what they\u2019re buying from you, and what they value most about it\n\n- what you could do to make it more useful and valuable to them\n\n- what would encourage them to buy more\n\n## Make changes based on feedback\n\nGetting customer feedback should help you to identify ways to improve what you\u2019re offering to your current customers. It may also allow you to:\n\n- increase the price you charge to your existing customers\n\n- attract new customers whose needs you weren\u2019t meeting before\n\nTry to ensure that any changes you make will increase your sales and profitability enough to make the time and money you\u2019ll need to invest worthwhile.\n\nIf possible, you should test out prototypes of improved products or services with a few existing customers. By doing this, you can get their feedback and avoid making unpopular changes that could harm your business.\n\nDoing this is equally important for all businesses, whether you\u2019re starting up or established, improving an existing product or service, or bringing something new to market.\n\n## Think about selling online\n\nSelling your products or services on the internet can:\n\n- help improve efficiency and productivity\n\n- reduce costs\n\n- help you communicate better with customers and suppliers\n\nYou can use analytics software to help you understand how customers use your site and show you ways to improve it.\n\n## Consider the costs of going online\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make sure you understand all the costs involved (eg hardware, software, hosting, training, services, maintenance and support, upgrades etc). You must also provide your customers with certain information.\n\n## Online security\n\nIf you\u2019re going to sell online, protect your customers and business with measures to keep systems and data safe from theft or hackers.\n\n## Develop new products and services\n\nIf you\u2019re planning to develop new products and services, you should test them with your customers with just as much care and attention as a new business going to market for the first time.\n\nBy making sure there\u2019s real demand for what you\u2019re planning to sell, you can find out about any problems and fix them before you\u2019ve wasted too much time, effort and money.\n\n- Talk to existing and potential customers and find out about their needs.\n\n- If you can, develop a prototype as quickly and cheaply as possible. Work out the minimum investment that lets you find out if you\u2019re meeting a real need.\n\n- Test it with customers and get feedback. Find out what they\u2019d be willing to pay for it. Try out different prices with different customers in a consistent, realistic way to see what people will really pay. Can you make enough money for a return on the investment you\u2019d need to develop your new product or service?\n\n- If there are are other businesses competing for your market, think about what will make you different. Can you provide something better than what\u2019s already available? And is it significantly different or better to what you\u2019re already offering?\n\n## Benefits of development\n\nBy developing new products and services, you can:\n\n- sell more to existing customers (making the most of existing relationships is cheaper than finding new customers)\n\n- spread fixed costs like premises or machinery across a range of products\n\n- diversify the products you offer so you\u2019re less reliant on certain customers or markets\n\nAnother way of expanding your product range is by importing goods from overseas to sell in the UK. Make sure you know the rules on things like tax and commodity codes if you\u2019re planning to import.\n\n## Business ideas and intellectual property\n\nIf you\u2019ve invented something or come up with an original idea that you want to turn into a product or service, you should register it to make sure nobody copies it without your permission. Find out about trademarks, copyright and intellectual property.\n\nYou can find local support in England for coming up with business ideas and developing them on the National Enterprise Network website.\n\nOther sources of advice and support include:\n\n- the Design Council\u2019s business resources\n\n- the British Library business and intellectual property centre\n\nYou may be able to benefit from developing your idea in partnership with experts in academic institutions through Knowledge Transfer Partnerships.\n\n## Hire and train staff\n\nAs your business expands, you\u2019ll need more capacity to produce or provide your product or service, and a wider range of skills. The easiest ways of achieving this are usually by taking on new staff, or training your existing workforce.\n\n## Employing people\n\nBy taking on new people you can spread your workload, expand production and take advantage of new and different skills and expertise.\n\nThis applies whether you already have employees, or you started your business on your own as a sole trader and are thinking about taking on staff for the first time. Find out about your responsibilities when employing someone.\n\n## Apprenticeships\n\nTaking on an apprentice allows you to grow your capacity by investing in people who want to learn. Your business benefits from the skills they develop as they train both on and off the job.\n\nFind out about the practical steps involved in taking on an apprentice.\n\n## Training your staff\n\nYou can improve the range and level of skills in your business by training up existing staff. Giving staff training opportunities can increase their loyalty to your company and their productivity - as well as your profits.\n\nSchemes and organisations that can help you to grow your business through training include:\n\n- finding training courses specific to your business area through the National Careers Service\n\n- using a business improvement framework, like Investors in People\n\n## Work with a mentor\n\nBusiness mentors can help you develop your ideas for growth by sharing their skills, expertise, experience and contacts.\n\nFind free and paid-for mentors in your area with knowledge and experience relevant to your business on the \u2018mentorsme\u2019 website, or Business mentoring if you\u2019re in Wales. Mentorsme also has advice on how to pick the right mentor for your business.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Plan for growth

    ", + "

    Once your business is established and you\u2019re making a profit on the products and services you sell to customers, you may want to start thinking about how to grow.

    ", + "

    Many businesses think of growth in terms of increased sales, but it\u2019s also important to focus on how to maintain or improve your profitability.

    ", + "

    Things you can do to help grow your business include:

    ", + "
  • looking into ways of increasing your sales, both to existing customers and new customers
    • ", + "
  • improving your products and services by researching and testing changes with your customers
    • ", + "
  • developing new products and services, and selling them to new or existing markets
    • ", + "
  • taking on staff or training your current staff, including working with apprentices and mentors
    • ", + "
  • looking for additional sources of funding, such as bringing in new investors
    • ", + "
  • thinking about selling your products or services online
    • ", + "
  • work with a business mentor, who can help you think about how to do all of these things
    • ", + "

    As your business grows

    ", + "

    You must register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover reaches more than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    You may also find that a different legal structure is more suitable as your business grows.

    ", + "

    Contact the business support helpline in your area for help and advice on starting or growing your business.

    ", + "

    Get extra funding

    ", + "

    Growing your business, whether through increased sales or improved profitability, often means you need to invest more. You can do this by:

    ", + "
  • investing previous profits back into your business
    • ", + "
  • taking out a loan
    • ", + "
  • selling shares to outside investors
    • ", + "
  • looking for other sources of finance, including government-backed schemes
    • ", + "

    Find out which types of finance might work for your business.

    ", + "

    Find public finance using the finance finder tool, or search for private finance.

    ", + "

    Professional advisers such as accountants can help you to work out whether it makes financial sense to take on loans or investment. You should take legal advice before taking on new investment in your business.

    ", + "

    Find a chartered accountant on the Institute of Chartered Accountants (ICAEW) website, or a solicitor on the Law Society website.

    ", + "

    Taking out a loan

    ", + "

    You should make sure that your business will be able to pay back the debt before you take out a loan. Repayments are often made in instalments over a number of years, and you\u2019ll need to pay off any interest on outstanding debts.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader looking for a loan, a lender might ask you to provide a personal guarantee or promise to hand over assets like your house or car if you can\u2019t repay the loan.

    ", + "

    Selling shares

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re thinking of bringing in new investors, they\u2019ll want to know how much your business could increase in value if they buy shares. To work this out, they\u2019ll need to know how much their investment will increase your sales and profitability.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide potential lenders and investors with a financial model showing:

    ", + "
  • how your business will spend the extra money to increase sales and profitability
    • ", + "
  • how initial costs and increased ongoing costs will affect your cash flow
    • ", + "

    Increases in sales usually only happen after taking on additional costs like employing more staff, moving to larger premises or putting in bigger orders for raw materials. You\u2019ll need to take all of these into account in your financial planning.

    ", + "

    Increase sales to existing customers

    ", + "

    How you go about increasing sales depends on your circumstances and how your business is performing. You might choose to focus on customers who\u2019ve already bought from you, or you could try to win new customers in your local area, nationally or overseas.

    ", + "

    The simplest way to increase your sales is to sell more of the products or services you\u2019re selling at the moment to the customers who are already buying them. For most businesses this involves:

    ", + "
  • persuading one-off customers to become repeat customers
    • ", + "
  • finding customers who\u2019ve stopped buying from you and trying to win them back
    • ", + "
  • selling more of the same products or services to your regular customers
    • ", + "

    By keeping a record of who your customers are and what you sold to them, you can work out who\u2019s stopped buying from you, and who might consider buying more. Targeting these customers is often a cheaper and more effective way to increase sales than trying to find new ones.

    ", + "

    Review your prices

    ", + "

    Regularly reviewing your prices and checking them against your competitors can be an effective way of increasing your sales, profits or both.

    ", + "

    You should try to estimate the likely effect of different price changes on the sales, cash flow and profitability of your business before making any changes. To do this successfully, you need to understand:

    ", + "
  • the \u2018cost structure\u2019 of your business (including regular \u2018fixed\u2019 costs, and \u2018variable\u2019 costs that change according to your business\u2019 activity)
    • ", + "
  • the value your customers place on your products and services
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s worth bearing in mind that offering a discount can sometimes reduce your overall profitability, even if your sales go up. Equally, you might be able to make more profit overall by increasing prices, even if you\u2019re selling fewer items.

    ", + "

    Small changes to pricing like providing loyalty schemes or bulk discounts can increase sales to both existing and former customers.

    ", + "

    You should also regularly check the price you\u2019re selling products and services at against competitors. This will help you find out if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • losing customers who get the same product or service elsewhere for less money
    • ", + "
  • sacrificing profitability, because customers are willing to pay more than you\u2019re charging them
    • ", + "

    Find resources on pricing strategy and increasing sales on the Marketing Donut website.

    ", + "

    Attract new customers

    ", + "

    One way of finding new customers for your products and services is by increasing awareness in your local area. You can do this by:

    ", + "
  • asking your customers to recommend you to their friends and colleagues
    • ", + "
  • advertising in local media
    • ", + "
  • using other forms of marketing, including online
    • ", + "

    You could also talk to potential customers who don\u2019t use your business at the moment and find out what it would take for them to switch from your competition.

    ", + "

    Expanding outside your local area

    ", + "

    If you want to sell your product or service through new sales channels or markets elsewhere in the UK, there are different organisations you\u2019ll need to work with, including:

    ", + "
  • wholesalers
    • ", + "
  • retailers, including online retailers
    • ", + "
  • distributors
    • ", + "

    You could try using direct marketing to find new customers.

    ", + "

    Search the contracts finder for business opportunities from government departments and agencies.

    ", + "

    Expanding outside the UK

    ", + "

    You might decide to find new customers outside the UK by exporting your products. The Department for International Trade offers help and resources on successfully selling your products and services to customers in other countries.

    ", + "

    Make sure that you\u2019re aware of your legal responsibilities around the sale of goods and services, and data protection.

    ", + "

    Improve your products and services

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re looking to grow your business by improving your products and services, start by focusing on your existing customers and their needs.

    ", + "

    Talk to them, and find out their views on:

    ", + "
  • what they\u2019re buying from you, and what they value most about it
    • ", + "
  • what you could do to make it more useful and valuable to them
    • ", + "
  • what would encourage them to buy more
    • ", + "

    Make changes based on feedback

    ", + "

    Getting customer feedback should help you to identify ways to improve what you\u2019re offering to your current customers. It may also allow you to:

    ", + "
  • increase the price you charge to your existing customers
    • ", + "
  • attract new customers whose needs you weren\u2019t meeting before
    • ", + "

    Try to ensure that any changes you make will increase your sales and profitability enough to make the time and money you\u2019ll need to invest worthwhile.

    ", + "

    If possible, you should test out prototypes of improved products or services with a few existing customers. By doing this, you can get their feedback and avoid making unpopular changes that could harm your business.

    ", + "

    Doing this is equally important for all businesses, whether you\u2019re starting up or established, improving an existing product or service, or bringing something new to market.

    ", + "

    Think about selling online

    ", + "

    Selling your products or services on the internet can:

    ", + "
  • help improve efficiency and productivity
    • ", + "
  • reduce costs
    • ", + "
  • help you communicate better with customers and suppliers
    • ", + "

    You can use analytics software to help you understand how customers use your site and show you ways to improve it.

    ", + "

    Consider the costs of going online

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make sure you understand all the costs involved (eg hardware, software, hosting, training, services, maintenance and support, upgrades etc). You must also provide your customers with certain information.

    ", + "

    Online security

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re going to sell online, protect your customers and business with measures to keep systems and data safe from theft or hackers.

    ", + "

    Develop new products and services

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re planning to develop new products and services, you should test them with your customers with just as much care and attention as a new business going to market for the first time.

    ", + "

    By making sure there\u2019s real demand for what you\u2019re planning to sell, you can find out about any problems and fix them before you\u2019ve wasted too much time, effort and money.

    ", + "
  • Talk to existing and potential customers and find out about their needs.
    • ", + "
  • If you can, develop a prototype as quickly and cheaply as possible. Work out the minimum investment that lets you find out if you\u2019re meeting a real need.
    • ", + "
  • Test it with customers and get feedback. Find out what they\u2019d be willing to pay for it. Try out different prices with different customers in a consistent, realistic way to see what people will really pay. Can you make enough money for a return on the investment you\u2019d need to develop your new product or service?
    • ", + "
  • If there are are other businesses competing for your market, think about what will make you different. Can you provide something better than what\u2019s already available? And is it significantly different or better to what you\u2019re already offering?
    • ", + "

    Benefits of development

    ", + "

    By developing new products and services, you can:

    ", + "
  • sell more to existing customers (making the most of existing relationships is cheaper than finding new customers)
    • ", + "
  • spread fixed costs like premises or machinery across a range of products
    • ", + "
  • diversify the products you offer so you\u2019re less reliant on certain customers or markets
    • ", + "

    Another way of expanding your product range is by importing goods from overseas to sell in the UK. Make sure you know the rules on things like tax and commodity codes if you\u2019re planning to import.

    ", + "

    Business ideas and intellectual property

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve invented something or come up with an original idea that you want to turn into a product or service, you should register it to make sure nobody copies it without your permission. Find out about trademarks, copyright and intellectual property.

    ", + "

    You can find local support in England for coming up with business ideas and developing them on the National Enterprise Network website.

    ", + "

    Other sources of advice and support include:

    ", + "
  • the Design Council\u2019s business resources
    • ", + "
  • the British Library business and intellectual property centre
    • ", + "

    You may be able to benefit from developing your idea in partnership with experts in academic institutions through Knowledge Transfer Partnerships.

    ", + "

    Hire and train staff

    ", + "

    As your business expands, you\u2019ll need more capacity to produce or provide your product or service, and a wider range of skills. The easiest ways of achieving this are usually by taking on new staff, or training your existing workforce.

    ", + "

    Employing people

    ", + "

    By taking on new people you can spread your workload, expand production and take advantage of new and different skills and expertise.

    ", + "

    This applies whether you already have employees, or you started your business on your own as a sole trader and are thinking about taking on staff for the first time. Find out about your responsibilities when employing someone.

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships

    ", + "

    Taking on an apprentice allows you to grow your capacity by investing in people who want to learn. Your business benefits from the skills they develop as they train both on and off the job.

    ", + "

    Find out about the practical steps involved in taking on an apprentice.

    ", + "

    Training your staff

    ", + "

    You can improve the range and level of skills in your business by training up existing staff. Giving staff training opportunities can increase their loyalty to your company and their productivity - as well as your profits.

    ", + "

    Schemes and organisations that can help you to grow your business through training include:

    ", + "
  • finding training courses specific to your business area through the National Careers Service
    • ", + "
  • using a business improvement framework, like Investors in People
    • ", + "

    Work with a mentor

    ", + "

    Business mentors can help you develop your ideas for growth by sharing their skills, expertise, experience and contacts.

    ", + "

    Find free and paid-for mentors in your area with knowledge and experience relevant to your business on the \u2018mentorsme\u2019 website, or Business mentoring if you\u2019re in Wales. Mentorsme also has advice on how to pick the right mentor for your business.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-business-partnership": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-business-partnership", + "title": "Set up a business partnership", + "content": "## Setting up\n\nIn a partnership, you and your partner (or partners) personally share responsibility for your business. This includes:\n\n- any losses your business makes\n\n- bills for things you buy for your business, like stock or equipment\n\nPartners share the business\u2019s profits, and each partner pays tax on their share.\n\nA partner does not have to be an actual person. For example, a limited company counts as a \u2018legal person\u2019 and can also be a partner.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nWhen you set up a business partnership you need to:\n\n- choose a name\n\n- choose a \u2018nominated partner\u2019\n\n- register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\nThe \u2018nominated partner\u2019 is responsible for managing the partnership\u2019s tax returns and keeping business records.\n\nThere are different rules for limited partnerships and limited liability partnerships (LLPs).\n\n## Naming your partnership\n\nYou can trade under your own names, or you can choose another name for your business. You do not need to register your name.\n\nYou must include all the partners\u2019 names and the business name (if you have one) on official paperwork, for example invoices and letters.\n\n## Business names\n\nBusiness partnership names must not:\n\n- include \u2018limited\u2019, \u2018Ltd\u2019, \u2018limited liability partnership, \u2018LLP\u2019, \u2018public limited company\u2019 or \u2018plc\u2019\n\n- be offensive\n\n- be the same as an existing trade mark\n\nYour name also cannot contain a \u2018sensitive\u2019 word or expression, or suggest a connection with government or local authorities, unless you get permission.\n\nCheck which words you need permission to use, and who from.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to register your name as a trade mark if you want to stop people from trading under your business name.\n\n## Register the partnership\n\nYou must register your partnership for Self Assessment with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re the \u2018nominated partner\u2019. This means you\u2019re responsible for sending the partnership tax return.\n\nThe other partners need to register separately.\n\nRegister a partner or partnership\n\nAll partners also need to send their own tax returns as individuals.\n\nYou must register by 5 October in your business\u2019s second tax year, or you could be charged a penalty.\n\n## Other ways to register\n\nYou can also register the partnership using form SA400 if you cannot register online. You can register as a partner using form SA401.\n\n## Registering for VAT\n\nYou must also register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000. You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.\n\nYou can appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Setting up

    ", + "

    In a partnership, you and your partner (or partners) personally share responsibility for your business. This includes:

    ", + "
  • any losses your business makes
    • ", + "
  • bills for things you buy for your business, like stock or equipment
    • ", + "

    Partners share the business\u2019s profits, and each partner pays tax on their share.

    ", + "

    A partner does not have to be an actual person. For example, a limited company counts as a \u2018legal person\u2019 and can also be a partner.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    When you set up a business partnership you need to:

    ", + "
  • choose a name
    • ", + "
  • choose a \u2018nominated partner\u2019
    • ", + "
  • register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "

    The \u2018nominated partner\u2019 is responsible for managing the partnership\u2019s tax returns and keeping business records.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for limited partnerships and limited liability partnerships (LLPs).

    ", + "

    Naming your partnership

    ", + "

    You can trade under your own names, or you can choose another name for your business. You do not need to register your name.

    ", + "

    You must include all the partners\u2019 names and the business name (if you have one) on official paperwork, for example invoices and letters.

    ", + "

    Business names

    ", + "

    Business partnership names must not:

    ", + "
  • include \u2018limited\u2019, \u2018Ltd\u2019, \u2018limited liability partnership, \u2018LLP\u2019, \u2018public limited company\u2019 or \u2018plc\u2019
    • ", + "
  • be offensive
    • ", + "
  • be the same as an existing trade mark
    • ", + "

    Your name also cannot contain a \u2018sensitive\u2019 word or expression, or suggest a connection with government or local authorities, unless you get permission.

    ", + "

    Check which words you need permission to use, and who from.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to register your name as a trade mark if you want to stop people from trading under your business name.

    ", + "

    Register the partnership

    ", + "

    You must register your partnership for Self Assessment with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re the \u2018nominated partner\u2019. This means you\u2019re responsible for sending the partnership tax return.

    ", + "

    The other partners need to register separately.

    ", + "

    Register a partner or partnership

    ", + "

    All partners also need to send their own tax returns as individuals.

    ", + "

    You must register by 5 October in your business\u2019s second tax year, or you could be charged a penalty.

    ", + "

    Other ways to register

    ", + "

    You can also register the partnership using form SA400 if you cannot register online. You can register as a partner using form SA401.

    ", + "

    Registering for VAT

    ", + "

    You must also register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000. You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.

    ", + "

    You can appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-file-annual-accounts-for-limited-company": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-file-annual-accounts-for-limited-company", + "title": "Accounts and tax returns for private limited companies", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAfter the end of its financial year, your private limited company must prepare:\n\n- full (\u2018statutory\u2019) annual accounts\n\n- a Company Tax Return\n\nYou need your accounts and tax return to meet deadlines for filing with Companies House and HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou can also use them to work out how much Corporation Tax to pay.\n\n| Action | Deadline |\n\n| File first accounts with Companies House | 21 months after the date you registered with Companies House |\n\n| File annual accounts with Companies House | 9 months after your company\u2019s financial year ends |\n\n| Pay Corporation Tax or tell HMRC that your limited company does not owe any | 9 months and 1 day after your \u2018accounting period\u2019 for Corporation Tax ends |\n\n| File a Company Tax Return | 12 months after your accounting period for Corporation Tax ends |\n\nYour accounting period for Corporation Tax is the time covered by your Company Tax Return. It\u2019s normally the same 12 months as the company financial year covered by your annual accounts.\n\n## Filing your accounts and tax return\n\nYou can file with Companies House and HMRC together or separately.\n\nYou must take additional steps:\n\n- at the end of your company\u2019s first year\n\n- if you restart a dormant company\n\nThere are penalties for filing late with Companies House and HMRC.\n\n## Filing accounts and tax returns\n\nYou file your accounts with Companies House and your Company Tax Return with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou may be able to file them together if you have a private limited company that does not need an auditor.\n\n| What you want to do | How you can do it |\n\n| File accounts and tax return together | Use HMRC\u2019s online service or accounting software |\n\n| File accounts with Companies House separately | Send your accounts to Companies House online |\n\n| File tax return with HMRC separately | Use HMRC\u2019s online service or accounting software |\n\nYou\u2019ll need your:\n\n- HMRC online account details\n\n- company registration number\n\n- Companies House online account details\n\n## Corrections and amendments\n\nCheck what you must do to correct or amend your:\n\n- accounts\n\n- tax return\n\n## Using accountants or tax advisers to file for you\n\nYou can:\n\n- give your accountant or tax adviser your Companies House authentication code so they can file your accounts\n\n- appoint an agent to file your Company Tax Return\n\n## Apply to extend your accounts filing deadline\n\nYou can apply to extend your accounts filing deadline with Companies House if you cannot send your accounts because of an event outside your control - for example, if a fire destroyed company records before your filing deadline.\n\nYou must apply for the extension before your filing deadline.\n\n## Apply for an extension due to coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can apply for an immediate 3 month extension if your company is affected by coronavirus. You must apply before your filing deadline.\n\nYou may not be eligible if you\u2019ve already extended your filing deadline, or shortened your accounting period.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply online or by post.\n\n## Apply online\n\nTo apply online you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your company number\n\n- information about why you need more time\n\n- any documents you have that support your application\n\n## Apply by post\n\nYou can write to Companies House to apply for an extension. It is taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus.\n\nYou should explain what\u2019s happened and how much more time you\u2019ll need to file your accounts.\n\nYou must apply to the correct office where your company is registered.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    After the end of its financial year, your private limited company must prepare:

    ", + "
  • full (\u2018statutory\u2019) annual accounts
    • ", + "
  • a Company Tax Return
    • ", + "

    You need your accounts and tax return to meet deadlines for filing with Companies House and HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You can also use them to work out how much Corporation Tax to pay.

    ", + "Action | Deadline", + "File first accounts with Companies House | 21 months after the date you registered with Companies House", + "File annual accounts with Companies House | 9 months after your company\u2019s financial year ends", + "Pay Corporation Tax or tell HMRC that your limited company does not owe any | 9 months and 1 day after your \u2018accounting period\u2019 for Corporation Tax ends", + "File a Company Tax Return | 12 months after your accounting period for Corporation Tax ends", + "

    Your accounting period for Corporation Tax is the time covered by your Company Tax Return. It\u2019s normally the same 12 months as the company financial year covered by your annual accounts.

    ", + "

    Filing your accounts and tax return

    ", + "

    You can file with Companies House and HMRC together or separately.

    ", + "

    You must take additional steps:

    ", + "
  • at the end of your company\u2019s first year
    • ", + "
  • if you restart a dormant company
    • ", + "

    There are penalties for filing late with Companies House and HMRC.

    ", + "

    Filing accounts and tax returns

    ", + "

    You file your accounts with Companies House and your Company Tax Return with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You may be able to file them together if you have a private limited company that does not need an auditor.

    ", + "What you want to do | How you can do it", + "File accounts and tax return together | Use HMRC\u2019s online service or accounting software", + "File accounts with Companies House separately | Send your accounts to Companies House online", + "File tax return with HMRC separately | Use HMRC\u2019s online service or accounting software", + "

    You\u2019ll need your:

    ", + "
  • HMRC online account details
    • ", + "
  • company registration number
    • ", + "
  • Companies House online account details
    • ", + "

    Corrections and amendments

    ", + "

    Check what you must do to correct or amend your:

    ", + "
  • accounts
    • ", + "
  • tax return
    • ", + "

    Using accountants or tax advisers to file for you

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • give your accountant or tax adviser your Companies House authentication code so they can file your accounts
    • ", + "
  • appoint an agent to file your Company Tax Return
    • ", + "

    Apply to extend your accounts filing deadline

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your accounts filing deadline with Companies House if you cannot send your accounts because of an event outside your control - for example, if a fire destroyed company records before your filing deadline.

    ", + "

    You must apply for the extension before your filing deadline.

    ", + "

    Apply for an extension due to coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You can apply for an immediate 3 month extension if your company is affected by coronavirus. You must apply before your filing deadline.

    ", + "

    You may not be eligible if you\u2019ve already extended your filing deadline, or shortened your accounting period.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply online or by post.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    To apply online you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your company number
    • ", + "
  • information about why you need more time
    • ", + "
  • any documents you have that support your application
    • ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    You can write to Companies House to apply for an extension. It is taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    You should explain what\u2019s happened and how much more time you\u2019ll need to file your accounts.

    ", + "

    You must apply to the correct office where your company is registered.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-tribunal": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-tribunal", + "title": "Appeal to the tax tribunal", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Tax) if you want to challenge some decisions by:\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- Border Force\n\n- the National Crime Agency (NCA)\n\n- the Welsh Revenue Authority (WRA)\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Appeal an HMRC decision\n\nYou can appeal some decisions about:\n\n- \u2018direct tax\u2019, for example Income Tax, PAYE tax, Corporation Tax, Capital Gains Tax, National Insurance contributions, Statutory Sick Pay, Statutory Maternity Pay, Inheritance Tax - you must appeal to HMRC first\n\n- \u2018indirect tax\u2019, for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty - you can usually appeal straight to the tribunal\n\nYou must appeal within the time limit - it\u2019ll usually be on your decision letter.\n\nYou can apply for alternative dispute resolution (ADR) after you\u2019ve appealed an HMRC decision.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to appeal decisions about tax credits and Council Tax.\n\n## If you cannot pay\n\nYou must usually pay upfront what HMRC says you owe. Make a hardship application if you cannot. Appeal to the tribunal if HMRC will not let you delay payment.\n\nYou do not have to pay upfront if you\u2019re appealing about a penalty.\n\n## Appeal about seized goods\n\nYou must ask HMRC or Border Force to take your case to the magistrates\u2019 court (this is known as starting \u2018condemnation proceedings\u2019) if you think they should not have taken (or \u2018seized\u2019) your goods.\n\nThe tribunal cannot decide whether your goods were seized with good reason.\n\nYou may be able to appeal to the tribunal if HMRC or Border Force:\n\n- refuses to return your seized goods\n\n- says you need to pay to get your seized goods back\n\n- sends you an assessment for duty\n\n- tries to charge you a penalty\n\nYou must ask HMRC or Border Force to reconsider their decision before you can appeal.\n\n## Closure applications\n\nYou can apply for a \u2018closure notice if HMRC opens an enquiry to check your tax return for \u2018direct tax\u2019 (for example Income Tax, Capital Gains Tax or Corporation Tax) and you want it to be closed.\n\nThe tribunal will decide when HMRC should close the enquiry.\n\nYou cannot apply for a closure notice if your tax return is being checked for \u2018indirect tax\u2019.\n\n## Appeal an NCA decision\n\nThe National Crime Agency (NCA) can check your tax return instead of HMRC in some cases, for example if they suspect you\u2019ve been laundering money.\n\nYou can make an appeal if you do not agree with the decision by writing to the NCA.\n\n## Appeal a WRA decision\n\nYou can appeal some decisions about Land Transaction Tax and Landfill Disposals Tax.\n\nYou can also apply to close an enquiry into your tax return.\n\nYou must appeal within the time limit - it\u2019ll usually be on your decision letter.\n\nYou must usually pay upfront what WRA says you owe. You can request to delay paying until you get a decision about your appeal.\n\nBefore you appeal, you can ask WRA to change their decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou may want to get help and advice before you appeal.\n\nYou can represent yourself or get legal advice to help with your appeal.\n\nYou can get free advice from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- TaxAid\n\n- TaxHelp for Older People, if you\u2019re over 60\n\nRead more detailed information about appealing to the tribunal.\n\n## Appeal to the tribunal\n\nYou can appeal to the tax tribunal online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- a scan or photo of your original notice or review conclusion letter\n\n- reasons for your appeal, so the judge can understand your side of the argument\n\nYou can also use this service to apply to close an enquiry.\n\nStart now\n\n## If you want someone to represent you\n\nYou need to download and fill in an authorisation form if the person representing you is not a practising solicitor or barrister.\n\n## Appeal by post\n\nDownload and fill in a notice of appeal form (T240).\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to close an existing enquiry, download and fill in application form (T245).\n\nSend your completed form to the tribunal. The address is on the form.\n\n## If you need help\n\nContact the tax tribunal helpline if you have any questions about your appeal. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the tribunal explaining what happens next. You might be asked to provide more documents to support your case.\n\nNot all cases will have a hearing, but you can ask for one. You\u2019ll usually get at least 14 days\u2019 notice of the date of the hearing. The tribunal will write to you with details of what you need to do.\n\n## If you have a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be told when and how the hearing will be held.\n\nYour hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. Read how to take part in a phone or video hearing.\n\nYou can watch a video about what happens at a video hearing.\n\n## Documents you\u2019ll need\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for copies of all documents relevant to your appeal (such as letters, invoices and accounts) together with your notice of appeal.\n\nYou must also give the tribunal your decision letter and any response you made.\n\nYou might get sent a \u2018bundle\u2019 of documents before the hearing. You must have this with you if your case is \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018complex\u2019.\n\n## Who\u2019ll be at the hearing\n\nThe tribunal is made up of:\n\n- a tribunal panel, including a judge and, in some cases, a tax expert\n\n- a tribunal clerk\n\nYou can also ask any of the following people to the hearing:\n\n- a representative to act on your behalf, for example a lawyer, tax adviser or accountant\n\n- a friend, family member or colleague\n\n- a witness, if you need one\n\nYou will need to ask the permission of the court or tribunal for them to join.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou (or your representative) will present your case to the tribunal. You must explain:\n\n- what has been agreed\n\n- what you think is wrong\n\n- what evidence you have to support you, like any documents or witnesses\n\nRepresentatives from the other party will present the case against you.\n\nThe tribunal and the other party may also ask questions during the hearing.\n\n## The tribunal's decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get the tribunal\u2019s decision:\n\n- in writing, if you did not have a hearing (the decision will be based on the appeal form and other paperwork)\n\n- in writing within 1 month, if you\u2019ve had a \u2018basic\u2019 case - you\u2019ll sometimes get a decision on the day\n\n- in writing within 2 months, if you\u2019ve had a \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018complex\u2019 hearing\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nIf you lose your case, you may be able to:\n\n- get a decision \u2018set aside\u2019\n\n- ask for permission to appeal\n\n## Get a decision set aside\n\nYou can ask for a decision to be \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled), but only if you think there was a mistake in the process. The letter you get with the decision will tell you how to do this.\nContact Citizens Advice if you need help.\n\n## Ask for permission to appeal\n\nYou may be able to appeal against the decision if the tribunal made a legal mistake, for example if it did not:\n\n- apply the law correctly\n\n- fully explain its decision\n\n- Ask for full written reasons if you\u2019ve not had them already. You must do this within 28 days of the date on the decision notice - the decision notice will tell you how.\n\n- Ask for permission to appeal - download the appeal form and read the guidance notes. You must do this within 56 days of the date given on the full written reasons.\n\nSend the appeal form to:\n\n## After you send the form\n\nA judge will decide if you can take your case to a higher tribunal, called the Upper Tribunal (Tax and Chancery). Appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you get permission.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission to appeal\n\nYou can apply to the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal if the First-tier Tribunal refuses, or only gives you permission to appeal on limited grounds.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nSearch the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal must follow the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Tax Chamber) Rules 2009.\n\nRead the practice direction and practice statements for more detailed guidance.\n\nThe tribunal was set up by the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007 and Transfer of Tribunal Functions and Revenue and Customs Appeals Order 2009.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Tax) if you want to challenge some decisions by:

    ", + "
  • HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • Border Force
    • ", + "
  • the National Crime Agency (NCA)
    • ", + "
  • the Welsh Revenue Authority (WRA)
    • ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Appeal an HMRC decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal some decisions about:

    ", + "
  • \u2018direct tax\u2019, for example Income Tax, PAYE tax, Corporation Tax, Capital Gains Tax, National Insurance contributions, Statutory Sick Pay, Statutory Maternity Pay, Inheritance Tax - you must appeal to HMRC first
    • ", + "
  • \u2018indirect tax\u2019, for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty - you can usually appeal straight to the tribunal
    • ", + "

    You must appeal within the time limit - it\u2019ll usually be on your decision letter.

    ", + "

    You can apply for alternative dispute resolution (ADR) after you\u2019ve appealed an HMRC decision.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to appeal decisions about tax credits and Council Tax.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay

    ", + "

    You must usually pay upfront what HMRC says you owe. Make a hardship application if you cannot. Appeal to the tribunal if HMRC will not let you delay payment.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay upfront if you\u2019re appealing about a penalty.

    ", + "

    Appeal about seized goods

    ", + "

    You must ask HMRC or Border Force to take your case to the magistrates\u2019 court (this is known as starting \u2018condemnation proceedings\u2019) if you think they should not have taken (or \u2018seized\u2019) your goods.

    ", + "

    The tribunal cannot decide whether your goods were seized with good reason.

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to the tribunal if HMRC or Border Force:

    ", + "
  • refuses to return your seized goods
    • ", + "
  • says you need to pay to get your seized goods back
    • ", + "
  • sends you an assessment for duty
    • ", + "
  • tries to charge you a penalty
    • ", + "

    You must ask HMRC or Border Force to reconsider their decision before you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Closure applications

    ", + "

    You can apply for a \u2018closure notice if HMRC opens an enquiry to check your tax return for \u2018direct tax\u2019 (for example Income Tax, Capital Gains Tax or Corporation Tax) and you want it to be closed.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will decide when HMRC should close the enquiry.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a closure notice if your tax return is being checked for \u2018indirect tax\u2019.

    ", + "

    Appeal an NCA decision

    ", + "

    The National Crime Agency (NCA) can check your tax return instead of HMRC in some cases, for example if they suspect you\u2019ve been laundering money.

    ", + "

    You can make an appeal if you do not agree with the decision by writing to the NCA.

    ", + "

    Appeal a WRA decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal some decisions about Land Transaction Tax and Landfill Disposals Tax.

    ", + "

    You can also apply to close an enquiry into your tax return.

    ", + "

    You must appeal within the time limit - it\u2019ll usually be on your decision letter.

    ", + "

    You must usually pay upfront what WRA says you owe. You can request to delay paying until you get a decision about your appeal.

    ", + "

    Before you appeal, you can ask WRA to change their decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You may want to get help and advice before you appeal.

    ", + "

    You can represent yourself or get legal advice to help with your appeal.

    ", + "

    You can get free advice from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • TaxAid
    • ", + "
  • TaxHelp for Older People, if you\u2019re over 60
    • ", + "

    Read more detailed information about appealing to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the tribunal

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the tax tribunal online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a scan or photo of your original notice or review conclusion letter
    • ", + "
  • reasons for your appeal, so the judge can understand your side of the argument
    • ", + "

    You can also use this service to apply to close an enquiry.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    If you want someone to represent you

    ", + "

    You need to download and fill in an authorisation form if the person representing you is not a practising solicitor or barrister.

    ", + "

    Appeal by post

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a notice of appeal form (T240).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to close an existing enquiry, download and fill in application form (T245).

    ", + "

    Send your completed form to the tribunal. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    Contact the tax tribunal helpline if you have any questions about your appeal. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the tribunal explaining what happens next. You might be asked to provide more documents to support your case.

    ", + "

    Not all cases will have a hearing, but you can ask for one. You\u2019ll usually get at least 14 days\u2019 notice of the date of the hearing. The tribunal will write to you with details of what you need to do.

    ", + "

    If you have a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told when and how the hearing will be held.

    ", + "

    Your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. Read how to take part in a phone or video hearing.

    ", + "

    You can watch a video about what happens at a video hearing.

    ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked for copies of all documents relevant to your appeal (such as letters, invoices and accounts) together with your notice of appeal.

    ", + "

    You must also give the tribunal your decision letter and any response you made.

    ", + "

    You might get sent a \u2018bundle\u2019 of documents before the hearing. You must have this with you if your case is \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018complex\u2019.

    ", + "

    Who\u2019ll be at the hearing

    ", + "

    The tribunal is made up of:

    ", + "
  • a tribunal panel, including a judge and, in some cases, a tax expert
    • ", + "
  • a tribunal clerk
    • ", + "

    You can also ask any of the following people to the hearing:

    ", + "
  • a representative to act on your behalf, for example a lawyer, tax adviser or accountant
    • ", + "
  • a friend, family member or colleague
    • ", + "
  • a witness, if you need one
    • ", + "

    You will need to ask the permission of the court or tribunal for them to join.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You (or your representative) will present your case to the tribunal. You must explain:

    ", + "
  • what has been agreed
    • ", + "
  • what you think is wrong
    • ", + "
  • what evidence you have to support you, like any documents or witnesses
    • ", + "

    Representatives from the other party will present the case against you.

    ", + "

    The tribunal and the other party may also ask questions during the hearing.

    ", + "

    The tribunal's decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the tribunal\u2019s decision:

    ", + "
  • in writing, if you did not have a hearing (the decision will be based on the appeal form and other paperwork)
    • ", + "
  • in writing within 1 month, if you\u2019ve had a \u2018basic\u2019 case - you\u2019ll sometimes get a decision on the day
    • ", + "
  • in writing within 2 months, if you\u2019ve had a \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018complex\u2019 hearing
    • ", + "

    If you lose your case

    ", + "

    If you lose your case, you may be able to:

    ", + "
  • get a decision \u2018set aside\u2019
    • ", + "
  • ask for permission to appeal
    • ", + "

    Get a decision set aside

    ", + "

    You can ask for a decision to be \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled), but only if you think there was a mistake in the process. The letter you get with the decision will tell you how to do this.\nContact Citizens Advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    Ask for permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal against the decision if the tribunal made a legal mistake, for example if it did not:

    ", + "
  • apply the law correctly
    • ", + "
  • fully explain its decision
    • ", + "
  • Ask for full written reasons if you\u2019ve not had them already. You must do this within 28 days of the date on the decision notice - the decision notice will tell you how.
    • ", + "
  • Ask for permission to appeal - download the appeal form and read the guidance notes. You must do this within 56 days of the date given on the full written reasons.
    • ", + "

    Send the appeal form to:

    ", + "

    After you send the form

    ", + "

    A judge will decide if you can take your case to a higher tribunal, called the Upper Tribunal (Tax and Chancery). Appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you get permission.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal if the First-tier Tribunal refuses, or only gives you permission to appeal on limited grounds.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    Search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Tax Chamber) Rules 2009.

    ", + "

    Read the practice direction and practice statements for more detailed guidance.

    ", + "

    The tribunal was set up by the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007 and Transfer of Tribunal Functions and Revenue and Customs Appeals Order 2009.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vat-businesses": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-businesses", + "title": "Businesses and charging VAT", + "content": "## How VAT works\n\nYou can only charge VAT if your business is registered for VAT.\n\nVAT is charged on things like:\n\n- business sales - for example when you sell goods and services\n\n- hiring or loaning goods to someone\n\n- selling business assets\n\n- commission\n\n- items sold to staff - for example canteen meals\n\n- business goods used for personal reasons\n\n- \u2018non-sales\u2019 like bartering, part-exchange and gifts\n\nThese are known as \u2018taxable supplies\u2019. There are different rules for charities.\n\n## Responsibilities\n\nVAT-registered businesses:\n\n- must charge VAT on their goods or services\n\n- may reclaim any VAT they\u2019ve paid on business-related goods or services\n\n- must account for import VAT on their VAT return if they use import VAT this way (known as \u2018postponed VAT accounting\u2019)\n\nIf you\u2019re a VAT-registered business you must report to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) the amount of VAT you\u2019ve charged and the amount of VAT you\u2019ve paid. This is done through your VAT Return which is usually due every 3 months.\n\nYou may want to appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.\n\nYou must account for VAT on the full value of what you sell, even if you:\n\n- receive goods or services instead of money (for example if you take something in part-exchange)\n\n- haven\u2019t charged any VAT to the customer - whatever price you charge is treated as including VAT\n\nIf you\u2019ve charged more VAT than you\u2019ve paid, you have to pay the difference to HMRC. If you\u2019ve paid more VAT than you\u2019ve charged, you can reclaim the difference from HMRC.\n\n## VAT rates\n\nThere are 3 different rates of VAT and you must make sure you charge the right amount.\n\nGet a list of reduced or zero-rated goods and services.\n\n## Standard rate\n\nMost goods and services are standard rate. You should charge this rate unless the goods or services are classed as reduced or zero-rated.\n\nThis includes any goods below the distance selling threshold you supply from Northern Ireland to non-VAT registered EU customers. If you go over the threshold, you\u2019ll have to register for VAT in that country.\n\n## Reduced rate\n\nWhen you charge this rate can depend on what the item is as well as the circumstances of the sale, for example:\n\n- children\u2019s car seats and domestic fuel or power are always charged at 5%\n\n- mobility aids for older people are only charged at 5% if they\u2019re for someone over 60 and the goods are installed in their home\n\n## Zero rate\n\nZero-rated means that the goods are still VAT-taxable but the rate of VAT you must charge your customers is 0%. You still have to record them in your VAT accounts and report them on your VAT Return. Examples include:\n\n- books and newspapers\n\n- children\u2019s clothes and shoes\n\n- motorcycle helmets\n\n- most goods you export from England, Wales and Scotland (Great Britain) to a country outside the UK\n\n- most goods you export from Northern Ireland to a country outside the EU and the UK\n\n- goods you supply from Northern Ireland to a VAT registered EU business - you can check if the VAT number is valid\n\nIf you sent goods to the EU from Northern Ireland, you\u2019ll need their VAT number and paperwork proving that the goods have been sent within certain time limits (usually 3 months).\n\nRates can change and you must apply any changes to the rates from the date they change.\n\n## What you must do when charging VAT\n\nYou need to know the right VAT rate so you can charge it correctly and reclaim it on your purchases.\n\nIf a transaction is a standard, reduced or zero-rated taxable supply, you must:\n\n- charge the right rate of VAT\n\n- work out the VAT if a single price is shown that includes or excludes VAT\n\n- show the VAT information on your invoice\n\n- show the transaction in your VAT account - a summary of your VAT\n\n- show the amount on your VAT Return\n\nYou may be able to reclaim the VAT on purchases that relate to these sales.\n\nYou cannot claim back all of the amount you\u2019ve paid if you pay the wrong amount of VAT on a purchase.\n\n## VAT-inclusive and exclusive prices\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a calculation when charging VAT on goods or services, or when working out the amount of VAT you can claim back on items which were sold inclusive of VAT.\n\n## VAT-inclusive prices\n\nTo work out a price including the standard rate of VAT (20%), multiply the price excluding VAT by 1.2.\n\nTo work out a price including the reduced rate of VAT (5%), multiply the price excluding VAT by 1.05.\n\n## VAT-exclusive prices\n\nTo work out a price excluding the standard rate of VAT (20%) divide the price including VAT by 1.2.\n\nTo work out a price excluding the reduced rate of VAT (5%) divide the price including VAT by 1.05.\n\n## When not to charge VAT\n\nYou cannot charge VAT on exempt or \u2018out of scope\u2019 items.\n\n## Exempt goods and services\n\nExempt goods or services are supplies that you cannot charge VAT on.\n\nIf you buy or sell an exempt item you should still record the transaction in your general business accounts. Examples of exempt items include:\n\n- insurance\n\n- postage stamps or services\n\n- health services provided by doctors\n\nGet a list of goods and services that are VAT exempt.\n\n## VAT registration\n\nBusinesses that sell only VAT-exempt goods and services cannot register for VAT.\n\nIf you start selling items that aren\u2019t exempt, you can register for VAT voluntarily. You must register if the total value of non-exempt goods and services goes over the VAT taxable turnover threshold.\n\n## Out of scope\n\nSome goods and services are outside the VAT tax system so you cannot charge or reclaim the VAT on them. For example, out of scope items include:\n\n- goods or services you buy and use outside the UK\n\n- statutory fees - like the London congestion charge\n\n- goods you sell as part of a hobby - like stamps from a collection\n\n- donations to a charity - if given without receiving anything in return\n\n## Charging VAT to charities\n\nAs a VAT-registered business, you can sell certain goods and services to charities at the zero or reduced rate of VAT.\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to check the charity is eligible, and to apply the correct rate.\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) don\u2019t qualify for VAT reliefs for charities.\n\n## Check the charity is eligible\n\nTo make sure the charity is eligible, ask them for:\n\n- evidence that they\u2019re a charity\n\n- a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming they meet the conditions for the particular VAT relief\n\n## Evidence of charitable status\n\nThe charity should give you either:\n\n- their Charity Commission registration number\n\n- a letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if they\u2019re not registered with the Charity Commission for England and Wales (for example if they\u2019re a Scottish or Northern Irish charity)\n\n## Written declaration\n\nCharities are legally required to give you an eligibility certificate when you supply eligible building or construction services to them at zero VAT. The certificate must contain specific information.\n\nA declaration is not legally required for other items you sell at the zero or reduced rate, but you should ask for one to prove the charity is eligible for the relief.\n\nThese sample declarations contain examples of the information a charity should give you when buying:\n\n- medical and scientific equipment, motor vehicles and computer software\n\n- charity advertising\n\n- goods and services for disabled people\n\nThe written declaration should be separate from the order form or invoice for the goods or services the charity is buying.\n\nYou must keep the completed declarations for at least 4 years.\n\n## Items that qualify for the reduced rate\n\nYou may be able to apply the reduced VAT rate when you sell fuel and power in certain circumstances to an eligible charity.\n\n## Items that qualify for the zero rate\n\nYou may be able to apply zero VAT when you sell the following to an eligible charity:\n\n- advertising and items for collecting donations\n\n- aids for disabled people\n\n- construction services\n\n- drugs and chemicals\n\n- equipment for making \u2018talking\u2019 books and newspapers\n\n- lifeboats and associated equipment, including fuel\n\n- medicine or ingredients for medicine\n\n- resuscitation training models\n\n## Equipment for medical and veterinary use\n\nYou may also be able to zero-rate some other medical and veterinary equipment when you sell it to:\n\n- certain health bodies, for example NHS Trusts\n\n- not-for-profit research institutions\n\n- charities that provide institutional care, or medical or surgical treatment for chronically sick or disabled people\n\n- charities that provide transport services for disabled people\n\n- charities that provide rescue or first aid services to humans or animals\n\n- someone buying it specifically for donation to one of these bodies\n\nThe money used to buy the equipment must be from charitable or donated funds. This should be stated on the eligibility declaration.\n\nThe eligible items include:\n\n- medical, veterinary and scientific equipment\n\n- ambulances\n\n- goods for disabled people\n\n- motor vehicles for medical use\n\n- rescue equipment\n\n- resuscitation training dummies\n\n## Returned goods\n\nWhen you return goods to a supplier or a customer returns goods to you, the balance of payment can be settled by issuing either a:\n\n- replacement invoice\n\n- credit or debit note\n\nIf you exchange the goods for goods of the same value you don\u2019t need to issue a new VAT invoice.\n\n## Credit and debit notes\n\nThese must show the same information as the VAT invoice and:\n\n- why it was issued\n\n- the total amount credited, excluding VAT\n\n- the number and date of the original VAT invoice\n\n## Discounts and free gifts\n\n## Discounts\n\nVAT may have to be charged on discounts and deals.\n\n| Offer | How to charge VAT |\n\n| Discounts | Charged on the discounted price (not the full price) |\n\n| Gifts | Charged on the gift\u2019s full value - there are some exceptions listed below |\n\n| Multi-buys | Charged on the combined price if all the items have the same VAT rate. If not, VAT is \u2018apportioned\u2019 as mixed-rate goods |\n\n| Money-off coupons, vouchers etc | No VAT due if given away free at time of a purchase. If not, VAT due on the price charged |\n\n| \u2018Face value\u2019 vouchers that can be used for more than one type of good or service | No VAT due, if sold at or below their monetary value |\n\n| Redeemed face value vouchers | Charged on the full value of the transaction |\n\n| Redeemed face value vouchers sold at a discount | Charged on the discounted value of the transaction |\n\n| Link-save offers (buy one get one free or discounted) | VAT is apportioned as mixed-rate goods - there are exceptions |\n\n## Exceptions for gifts and link-save offers\n\nThere\u2019s no VAT due on gifts given to the same person if their total value in a 12 month period is less than \u00a350.\n\nVAT is charged on the combined value of link-save items if the incentive product:\n\n- has a resale value of less than \u00a31\n\n- has a sale value of less than \u00a35\n\n- costs you less than 20% of the total of the other items in the offer\n\n- isn\u2019t sold at a separate price from the main product\n\n## Free goods and services\n\nYou don\u2019t have to pay VAT on things like free samples if they meet certain conditions.\n\n| Supplies | Condition to meet so no VAT due |\n\n| Free samples | Used for marketing purposes and provided in a quantity that lets potential customers test the product |\n\n| Free loans of business assets | The cost of hiring the asset is included in something else you sell to the customer |\n\n| Free gifts | The total cost of all gifts to the same person is less than \u00a350 in a 12 month period |\n\n| Free services | You don\u2019t get any payment or goods or services in return |", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How VAT works

    ", + "

    You can only charge VAT if your business is registered for VAT.

    ", + "

    VAT is charged on things like:

    ", + "
  • business sales - for example when you sell goods and services
    • ", + "
  • hiring or loaning goods to someone
    • ", + "
  • selling business assets
    • ", + "
  • commission
    • ", + "
  • items sold to staff - for example canteen meals
    • ", + "
  • business goods used for personal reasons
    • ", + "
  • \u2018non-sales\u2019 like bartering, part-exchange and gifts
    • ", + "

    These are known as \u2018taxable supplies\u2019. There are different rules for charities.

    ", + "

    Responsibilities

    ", + "

    VAT-registered businesses:

    ", + "
  • must charge VAT on their goods or services
    • ", + "
  • may reclaim any VAT they\u2019ve paid on business-related goods or services
    • ", + "
  • must account for import VAT on their VAT return if they use import VAT this way (known as \u2018postponed VAT accounting\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a VAT-registered business you must report to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) the amount of VAT you\u2019ve charged and the amount of VAT you\u2019ve paid. This is done through your VAT Return which is usually due every 3 months.

    ", + "

    You may want to appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.

    ", + "

    You must account for VAT on the full value of what you sell, even if you:

    ", + "
  • receive goods or services instead of money (for example if you take something in part-exchange)
    • ", + "
  • haven\u2019t charged any VAT to the customer - whatever price you charge is treated as including VAT
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve charged more VAT than you\u2019ve paid, you have to pay the difference to HMRC. If you\u2019ve paid more VAT than you\u2019ve charged, you can reclaim the difference from HMRC.

    ", + "

    VAT rates

    ", + "

    There are 3 different rates of VAT and you must make sure you charge the right amount.

    ", + "

    Get a list of reduced or zero-rated goods and services.

    ", + "

    Standard rate

    ", + "

    Most goods and services are standard rate. You should charge this rate unless the goods or services are classed as reduced or zero-rated.

    ", + "

    This includes any goods below the distance selling threshold you supply from Northern Ireland to non-VAT registered EU customers. If you go over the threshold, you\u2019ll have to register for VAT in that country.

    ", + "

    Reduced rate

    ", + "

    When you charge this rate can depend on what the item is as well as the circumstances of the sale, for example:

    ", + "
  • children\u2019s car seats and domestic fuel or power are always charged at 5%
    • ", + "
  • mobility aids for older people are only charged at 5% if they\u2019re for someone over 60 and the goods are installed in their home
    • ", + "

    Zero rate

    ", + "

    Zero-rated means that the goods are still VAT-taxable but the rate of VAT you must charge your customers is 0%. You still have to record them in your VAT accounts and report them on your VAT Return. Examples include:

    ", + "
  • books and newspapers
    • ", + "
  • children\u2019s clothes and shoes
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle helmets
    • ", + "
  • most goods you export from England, Wales and Scotland (Great Britain) to a country outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • most goods you export from Northern Ireland to a country outside the EU and the UK
    • ", + "
  • goods you supply from Northern Ireland to a VAT registered EU business - you can check if the VAT number is valid
    • ", + "

    If you sent goods to the EU from Northern Ireland, you\u2019ll need their VAT number and paperwork proving that the goods have been sent within certain time limits (usually 3 months).

    ", + "

    Rates can change and you must apply any changes to the rates from the date they change.

    ", + "

    What you must do when charging VAT

    ", + "

    You need to know the right VAT rate so you can charge it correctly and reclaim it on your purchases.

    ", + "

    If a transaction is a standard, reduced or zero-rated taxable supply, you must:

    ", + "
  • charge the right rate of VAT
    • ", + "
  • work out the VAT if a single price is shown that includes or excludes VAT
    • ", + "
  • show the VAT information on your invoice
    • ", + "
  • show the transaction in your VAT account - a summary of your VAT
    • ", + "
  • show the amount on your VAT Return
    • ", + "

    You may be able to reclaim the VAT on purchases that relate to these sales.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim back all of the amount you\u2019ve paid if you pay the wrong amount of VAT on a purchase.

    ", + "

    VAT-inclusive and exclusive prices

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make a calculation when charging VAT on goods or services, or when working out the amount of VAT you can claim back on items which were sold inclusive of VAT.

    ", + "

    VAT-inclusive prices

    ", + "

    To work out a price including the standard rate of VAT (20%), multiply the price excluding VAT by 1.2.

    ", + "

    To work out a price including the reduced rate of VAT (5%), multiply the price excluding VAT by 1.05.

    ", + "

    VAT-exclusive prices

    ", + "

    To work out a price excluding the standard rate of VAT (20%) divide the price including VAT by 1.2.

    ", + "

    To work out a price excluding the reduced rate of VAT (5%) divide the price including VAT by 1.05.

    ", + "

    When not to charge VAT

    ", + "

    You cannot charge VAT on exempt or \u2018out of scope\u2019 items.

    ", + "

    Exempt goods and services

    ", + "

    Exempt goods or services are supplies that you cannot charge VAT on.

    ", + "

    If you buy or sell an exempt item you should still record the transaction in your general business accounts. Examples of exempt items include:

    ", + "
  • insurance
    • ", + "
  • postage stamps or services
    • ", + "
  • health services provided by doctors
    • ", + "

    Get a list of goods and services that are VAT exempt.

    ", + "

    VAT registration

    ", + "

    Businesses that sell only VAT-exempt goods and services cannot register for VAT.

    ", + "

    If you start selling items that aren\u2019t exempt, you can register for VAT voluntarily. You must register if the total value of non-exempt goods and services goes over the VAT taxable turnover threshold.

    ", + "

    Out of scope

    ", + "

    Some goods and services are outside the VAT tax system so you cannot charge or reclaim the VAT on them. For example, out of scope items include:

    ", + "
  • goods or services you buy and use outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • statutory fees - like the London congestion charge
    • ", + "
  • goods you sell as part of a hobby - like stamps from a collection
    • ", + "
  • donations to a charity - if given without receiving anything in return
    • ", + "

    Charging VAT to charities

    ", + "

    As a VAT-registered business, you can sell certain goods and services to charities at the zero or reduced rate of VAT.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to check the charity is eligible, and to apply the correct rate.

    ", + "

    Community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) don\u2019t qualify for VAT reliefs for charities.

    ", + "

    Check the charity is eligible

    ", + "

    To make sure the charity is eligible, ask them for:

    ", + "
  • evidence that they\u2019re a charity
    • ", + "
  • a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming they meet the conditions for the particular VAT relief
    • ", + "

    Evidence of charitable status

    ", + "

    The charity should give you either:

    ", + "
  • their Charity Commission registration number
    • ", + "
  • a letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if they\u2019re not registered with the Charity Commission for England and Wales (for example if they\u2019re a Scottish or Northern Irish charity)
    • ", + "

    Written declaration

    ", + "

    Charities are legally required to give you an eligibility certificate when you supply eligible building or construction services to them at zero VAT. The certificate must contain specific information.

    ", + "

    A declaration is not legally required for other items you sell at the zero or reduced rate, but you should ask for one to prove the charity is eligible for the relief.

    ", + "

    These sample declarations contain examples of the information a charity should give you when buying:

    ", + "
  • medical and scientific equipment, motor vehicles and computer software
    • ", + "
  • charity advertising
    • ", + "
  • goods and services for disabled people
    • ", + "

    The written declaration should be separate from the order form or invoice for the goods or services the charity is buying.

    ", + "

    You must keep the completed declarations for at least 4 years.

    ", + "

    Items that qualify for the reduced rate

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply the reduced VAT rate when you sell fuel and power in certain circumstances to an eligible charity.

    ", + "

    Items that qualify for the zero rate

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply zero VAT when you sell the following to an eligible charity:

    ", + "
  • advertising and items for collecting donations
    • ", + "
  • aids for disabled people
    • ", + "
  • construction services
    • ", + "
  • drugs and chemicals
    • ", + "
  • equipment for making \u2018talking\u2019 books and newspapers
    • ", + "
  • lifeboats and associated equipment, including fuel
    • ", + "
  • medicine or ingredients for medicine
    • ", + "
  • resuscitation training models
    • ", + "

    Equipment for medical and veterinary use

    ", + "

    You may also be able to zero-rate some other medical and veterinary equipment when you sell it to:

    ", + "
  • certain health bodies, for example NHS Trusts
    • ", + "
  • not-for-profit research institutions
    • ", + "
  • charities that provide institutional care, or medical or surgical treatment for chronically sick or disabled people
    • ", + "
  • charities that provide transport services for disabled people
    • ", + "
  • charities that provide rescue or first aid services to humans or animals
    • ", + "
  • someone buying it specifically for donation to one of these bodies
    • ", + "

    The money used to buy the equipment must be from charitable or donated funds. This should be stated on the eligibility declaration.

    ", + "

    The eligible items include:

    ", + "
  • medical, veterinary and scientific equipment
    • ", + "
  • ambulances
    • ", + "
  • goods for disabled people
    • ", + "
  • motor vehicles for medical use
    • ", + "
  • rescue equipment
    • ", + "
  • resuscitation training dummies
    • ", + "

    Returned goods

    ", + "

    When you return goods to a supplier or a customer returns goods to you, the balance of payment can be settled by issuing either a:

    ", + "
  • replacement invoice
    • ", + "
  • credit or debit note
    • ", + "

    If you exchange the goods for goods of the same value you don\u2019t need to issue a new VAT invoice.

    ", + "

    Credit and debit notes

    ", + "

    These must show the same information as the VAT invoice and:

    ", + "
  • why it was issued
    • ", + "
  • the total amount credited, excluding VAT
    • ", + "
  • the number and date of the original VAT invoice
    • ", + "

    Discounts and free gifts

    ", + "

    Discounts

    ", + "

    VAT may have to be charged on discounts and deals.

    ", + "Offer | How to charge VAT", + "Discounts | Charged on the discounted price (not the full price)", + "Gifts | Charged on the gift\u2019s full value - there are some exceptions listed below", + "Multi-buys | Charged on the combined price if all the items have the same VAT rate. If not, VAT is \u2018apportioned\u2019 as mixed-rate goods", + "Money-off coupons, vouchers etc | No VAT due if given away free at time of a purchase. If not, VAT due on the price charged", + "\u2018Face value\u2019 vouchers that can be used for more than one type of good or service | No VAT due, if sold at or below their monetary value", + "Redeemed face value vouchers | Charged on the full value of the transaction", + "Redeemed face value vouchers sold at a discount | Charged on the discounted value of the transaction", + "Link-save offers (buy one get one free or discounted) | VAT is apportioned as mixed-rate goods - there are exceptions", + "

    Exceptions for gifts and link-save offers

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no VAT due on gifts given to the same person if their total value in a 12 month period is less than \u00a350.

    ", + "

    VAT is charged on the combined value of link-save items if the incentive product:

    ", + "
  • has a resale value of less than \u00a31
    • ", + "
  • has a sale value of less than \u00a35
    • ", + "
  • costs you less than 20% of the total of the other items in the offer
    • ", + "
  • isn\u2019t sold at a separate price from the main product
    • ", + "

    Free goods and services

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to pay VAT on things like free samples if they meet certain conditions.

    ", + "Supplies | Condition to meet so no VAT due", + "Free samples | Used for marketing purposes and provided in a quantity that lets potential customers test the product", + "Free loans of business assets | The cost of hiring the asset is included in something else you sell to the customer", + "Free gifts | The total cost of all gifts to the same person is less than \u00a350 in a 12 month period", + "Free services | You don\u2019t get any payment or goods or services in return" + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-businesses": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-businesses", + "title": "Capital Gains Tax for business", + "content": "## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) all or part of a business asset.\n\nBusiness assets you may need to pay tax on include:\n\n- land and buildings\n\n- fixtures and fittings\n\n- plant and machinery, for example a digger\n\n- shares\n\n- registered trademarks\n\n- your business\u2019s reputation\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019re a self-employed sole trader or in a business partnership. Other organisations like limited companies pay Corporation Tax on profits from selling their assets.\n\n## When you do not pay it\n\nYou do not usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your business asset and what you sold it for.\n\nUse the market value instead if:\n\n- you gave it away (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited the asset (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\nIf the asset was given to you and you claimed Gift Hold-Over Relief, use the amount it was originally bought for to work out your gain. If you paid less than it was worth, use the amount you paid for it.\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your asset from your gain.\n\nCosts you can deduct include:\n\n- fees, for example for valuing or advertising assets\n\n- costs to improve assets (but not normal repairs)\n\n- Stamp Duty Land Tax and VAT (unless you can reclaim the VAT)\n\nYou cannot deduct certain costs. These include:\n\n- interest on a loan to buy your asset\n\n- costs you can claim as business expenses\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\n## Apply reliefs\n\nYou may be able to reduce or delay paying tax on your gains if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nWhen you know your gain you need to work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re in a business partnership:\n\n- work out your share of each gain or loss\n\n- the nominated partner must fill in form SA803\n\nYou can get help with working out your tax, for example from an accountant.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nYou may be able to reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you have to pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n| Relief | Description | Eligibility |\n\n| Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief | Pay 10% Capital Gains Tax on qualifying profits if you sell all or part of your business (instead of the normal rates) | For sole traders, business partners or those with shares in a \u2018personal company\u2019 |\n\n| Business Asset Rollover Relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax when you sell or dispose of some types of asset if you replace them | Buy the new asset within 3 years of disposing of the old one. Use the old and new assets in your business |\n\n| Incorporation Relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax when you transfer your business to a company | Transfer all your business and its assets (except cash) in return for shares in the company |\n\n| Gift Hold-Over Relief | Pay no Capital Gains Tax if you give away a business asset - the person you gave it to pays tax when they sell it | You used the business asset for trading as a sole trader or partner |\n\n## Tax relief when you sell your home\n\nYou normally get Private Residence Relief when you sell or dispose of your main home, meaning you do not pay any Capital Gains Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019ve used any part of your home just for business, you have to pay Capital Gains Tax on that part when you sell your home.\n\n## Disincorporation relief\n\nYou may be able to claim Disincorporation Relief if you become a partnership or sole trader having been a limited company.\n\nIf you acquire the company\u2019s assets when it changes its business structure, you may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell or dispose of them later - you\u2019ll use their value, including any Disincorporation Relief, when you acquired them.\n\nYou can get help from an accountant or tax adviser.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What you pay it on

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) all or part of a business asset.

    ", + "

    Business assets you may need to pay tax on include:

    ", + "
  • land and buildings
    • ", + "
  • fixtures and fittings
    • ", + "
  • plant and machinery, for example a digger
    • ", + "
  • shares
    • ", + "
  • registered trademarks
    • ", + "
  • your business\u2019s reputation
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.

    ", + "

    You pay Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019re a self-employed sole trader or in a business partnership. Other organisations like limited companies pay Corporation Tax on profits from selling their assets.

    ", + "

    When you do not pay it

    ", + "

    You do not usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.

    ", + "

    Work out your gain

    ", + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your business asset and what you sold it for.

    ", + "

    Use the market value instead if:

    ", + "
  • you gave it away (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)
    • ", + "
  • you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer
    • ", + "
  • you inherited the asset (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)
    • ", + "
  • you owned it before April 1982
    • ", + "

    If the asset was given to you and you claimed Gift Hold-Over Relief, use the amount it was originally bought for to work out your gain. If you paid less than it was worth, use the amount you paid for it.

    ", + "

    Deduct costs

    ", + "

    You can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your asset from your gain.

    ", + "

    Costs you can deduct include:

    ", + "
  • fees, for example for valuing or advertising assets
    • ", + "
  • costs to improve assets (but not normal repairs)
    • ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Land Tax and VAT (unless you can reclaim the VAT)
    • ", + "

    You cannot deduct certain costs. These include:

    ", + "
  • interest on a loan to buy your asset
    • ", + "
  • costs you can claim as business expenses
    • ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.

    ", + "

    Apply reliefs

    ", + "

    You may be able to reduce or delay paying tax on your gains if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.

    ", + "

    Work out if you need to pay

    ", + "

    When you know your gain you need to work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a business partnership:

    ", + "
  • work out your share of each gain or loss
    • ", + "
  • the nominated partner must fill in form SA803
    • ", + "

    You can get help with working out your tax, for example from an accountant.

    ", + "

    Reporting a loss

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you need to report a loss.

    ", + "

    Tax relief

    ", + "

    You may be able to reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you have to pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.

    ", + "Relief | Description | Eligibility", + "Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief | Pay 10% Capital Gains Tax on qualifying profits if you sell all or part of your business (instead of the normal rates) | For sole traders, business partners or those with shares in a \u2018personal company\u2019", + "Business Asset Rollover Relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax when you sell or dispose of some types of asset if you replace them | Buy the new asset within 3 years of disposing of the old one. Use the old and new assets in your business", + "Incorporation Relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax when you transfer your business to a company | Transfer all your business and its assets (except cash) in return for shares in the company", + "Gift Hold-Over Relief | Pay no Capital Gains Tax if you give away a business asset - the person you gave it to pays tax when they sell it | You used the business asset for trading as a sole trader or partner", + "

    Tax relief when you sell your home

    ", + "

    You normally get Private Residence Relief when you sell or dispose of your main home, meaning you do not pay any Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve used any part of your home just for business, you have to pay Capital Gains Tax on that part when you sell your home.

    ", + "

    Disincorporation relief

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim Disincorporation Relief if you become a partnership or sole trader having been a limited company.

    ", + "

    If you acquire the company\u2019s assets when it changes its business structure, you may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell or dispose of them later - you\u2019ll use their value, including any Disincorporation Relief, when you acquired them.

    ", + "

    You can get help from an accountant or tax adviser.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-cash-basis": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-cash-basis", + "title": "Cash basis", + "content": "## Overview\n\n\u2018Cash basis\u2019 is a way to work out your income and expenses for your Self Assessment tax return, if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner.\n\n## Why use cash basis\n\nIf you run a small business, cash basis accounting may suit you better than traditional accounting.\n\nThis is because you only need to declare money when it comes in and out of your business. At the end of the tax year, you won\u2019t have to pay Income Tax on money you didn\u2019t receive in your accounting period.\n\n## When cash basis might not suit your business\n\nCash basis probably won\u2019t suit you if you:\n\n- want to claim interest or bank charges of more than \u00a3500 as an expense\n\n- run a business that\u2019s more complex, for example you have high levels of stock\n\n- need to get finance for your business - a bank could ask to see accounts drawn up using traditional accounting to see what you owe and are due before agreeing a loan\n\n- have losses that you want to offset against other taxable income (\u2018sideways loss relief\u2019)\n\nTalk to a tax professional (such as an accountant) or legal adviser if you need help.\n\nFind out if you\u2019re eligible to use cash basis.\n\n## Who can use cash basis\n\nYou can use cash basis if you:\n\n- run a small self-employed business, for example sole trader or partnership\n\n- have a turnover of \u00a3150,000 or less a year\n\nIf you have more than one business, you must use cash basis for all your businesses. The combined turnover from your businesses must be less than \u00a3150,000.\n\n## If you use cash basis and your business grows during the tax year\n\nYou can stay in the scheme up to a total business turnover of \u00a3300,000 per year. Above that, you\u2019ll need to use traditional accounting for your next tax return.\n\n## Who can\u2019t use the scheme\n\nLimited companies and limited liability partnerships can\u2019t use cash basis.\n\nThere are also some specific types of businesses that can\u2019t use the scheme:\n\n- Lloyd\u2019s underwriters\n\n- farming businesses with a current herd basis election\n\n- farming and creative businesses with a section 221 ITTOIA profit averaging election\n\n- businesses that have claimed business premises renovation allowance\n\n- businesses that carry on a mineral extraction trade\n\n- businesses that have claimed research and development allowance\n\n- dealers in securities\n\n- relief for mineral royalties\n\n- lease premiums\n\n- ministers of religion\n\n- pool betting duty\n\n- intermediaries treated as making employment payments\n\n- managed service companies\n\n- waste disposal\n\n- cemeteries and crematoria\n\nIf you can\u2019t use cash basis, you\u2019ll need to use traditional accounting to work out your taxable profits.\n\n## Getting started\n\nAt the end of the tax year, work out your taxable profit from your cash basis income and expenses records.\n\nTick the cash basis box on the form when you send your return.\n\nYou can use cash basis for the 2013 to 2014 tax year onwards. If you\u2019re sending a late tax return for tax years before this, you\u2019ll need to use traditional accounting when working out your accounts.\n\n## Changing from traditional accounting to cash basis\n\nExisting businesses using traditional accounting might have to make some adjustments when they switch to cash basis.\n\nTalk to a tax professional (such as an accountant) or legal adviser if you need help.\n\n## How to record income and expenses\n\nYou must keep records of all business income and expenses to work out your profit for your tax return.\n\n## Income\n\nWith cash basis, only record income you actually received in a tax year. Don\u2019t count any money you\u2019re owed but haven\u2019t yet received.\n\nYou can choose how you record when money is received or paid (for example the date the money enters your account or the date a cheque is written) but you must use the same method each tax year.\n\nAll payments count - cash, card, cheque, payment in kind or any other method.\n\n## Expenses\n\nExpenses are business costs you can deduct from your income to calculate your taxable profit. In practice, this means your allowable expenses reduce your Income Tax.\n\nOnly count the expenses you\u2019ve actually paid. Money you owe isn\u2019t counted until you pay it.\n\nExamples of allowable business expenses if you\u2019re using cash basis are:\n\n- day to day running costs, such as electricity, fuel\n\n- admin costs, for example stationery\n\n- things you use in your business, such as machinery, computers, vans\n\n- interest and charges up to \u00a3500, for example interest on bank overdrafts\n\n- buying goods for resale\n\nYou can check what else counts as an allowable expense.\n\nFor the 2013 to 2014 tax year onwards you can also choose to use the simplified expenses scheme instead of calculating expenses for:\n\n- running a vehicle\n\n- working from home\n\n- making adjustments for living on your business premises\n\n## Cars and other equipment\n\nIf you buy a car for your business, you can claim the purchase as a capital allowance (but only if you\u2019re not using simplified expenses to work out your business expenses for that vehicle).\n\nUnlike traditional accounting, you claim other equipment you buy to keep and use in your business as a normal allowable business expense rather than as a capital allowance.\n\nIf you\u2019re currently claiming capital allowances and want to switch to cash basis, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) have guidance on the changes you need to make.\n\n## Keep your records\n\nYou don\u2019t need to send your records to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) when you send in your tax return but you need to keep them in case they ask to check them.\n\n## VAT registered businesses\n\nYou can start to use cash basis if you\u2019re VAT registered as long as your income is \u00a3150,000 or less during the tax year.\n\nYou can record your business income and expenses either excluding or including VAT. However, you must treat income and expenses the same way.\n\nIf you choose to include VAT, you have to record:\n\n- VAT payments you make to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as expenses\n\n- VAT repayments you receive from HMRC as income", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    \u2018Cash basis\u2019 is a way to work out your income and expenses for your Self Assessment tax return, if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner.

    ", + "

    Why use cash basis

    ", + "

    If you run a small business, cash basis accounting may suit you better than traditional accounting.

    ", + "

    This is because you only need to declare money when it comes in and out of your business. At the end of the tax year, you won\u2019t have to pay Income Tax on money you didn\u2019t receive in your accounting period.

    ", + "

    When cash basis might not suit your business

    ", + "

    Cash basis probably won\u2019t suit you if you:

    ", + "
  • want to claim interest or bank charges of more than \u00a3500 as an expense
    • ", + "
  • run a business that\u2019s more complex, for example you have high levels of stock
    • ", + "
  • need to get finance for your business - a bank could ask to see accounts drawn up using traditional accounting to see what you owe and are due before agreeing a loan
    • ", + "
  • have losses that you want to offset against other taxable income (\u2018sideways loss relief\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Talk to a tax professional (such as an accountant) or legal adviser if you need help.

    ", + "

    Find out if you\u2019re eligible to use cash basis.

    ", + "

    Who can use cash basis

    ", + "

    You can use cash basis if you:

    ", + "
  • run a small self-employed business, for example sole trader or partnership
    • ", + "
  • have a turnover of \u00a3150,000 or less a year
    • ", + "

    If you have more than one business, you must use cash basis for all your businesses. The combined turnover from your businesses must be less than \u00a3150,000.

    ", + "

    If you use cash basis and your business grows during the tax year

    ", + "

    You can stay in the scheme up to a total business turnover of \u00a3300,000 per year. Above that, you\u2019ll need to use traditional accounting for your next tax return.

    ", + "

    Who can\u2019t use the scheme

    ", + "

    Limited companies and limited liability partnerships can\u2019t use cash basis.

    ", + "

    There are also some specific types of businesses that can\u2019t use the scheme:

    ", + "
  • Lloyd\u2019s underwriters
    • ", + "
  • farming businesses with a current herd basis election
    • ", + "
  • farming and creative businesses with a section 221 ITTOIA profit averaging election
    • ", + "
  • businesses that have claimed business premises renovation allowance
    • ", + "
  • businesses that carry on a mineral extraction trade
    • ", + "
  • businesses that have claimed research and development allowance
    • ", + "
  • dealers in securities
    • ", + "
  • relief for mineral royalties
    • ", + "
  • lease premiums
    • ", + "
  • ministers of religion
    • ", + "
  • pool betting duty
    • ", + "
  • intermediaries treated as making employment payments
    • ", + "
  • managed service companies
    • ", + "
  • waste disposal
    • ", + "
  • cemeteries and crematoria
    • ", + "

    If you can\u2019t use cash basis, you\u2019ll need to use traditional accounting to work out your taxable profits.

    ", + "

    Getting started

    ", + "

    At the end of the tax year, work out your taxable profit from your cash basis income and expenses records.

    ", + "

    Tick the cash basis box on the form when you send your return.

    ", + "

    You can use cash basis for the 2013 to 2014 tax year onwards. If you\u2019re sending a late tax return for tax years before this, you\u2019ll need to use traditional accounting when working out your accounts.

    ", + "

    Changing from traditional accounting to cash basis

    ", + "

    Existing businesses using traditional accounting might have to make some adjustments when they switch to cash basis.

    ", + "

    Talk to a tax professional (such as an accountant) or legal adviser if you need help.

    ", + "

    How to record income and expenses

    ", + "

    You must keep records of all business income and expenses to work out your profit for your tax return.

    ", + "

    Income

    ", + "

    With cash basis, only record income you actually received in a tax year. Don\u2019t count any money you\u2019re owed but haven\u2019t yet received.

    ", + "

    You can choose how you record when money is received or paid (for example the date the money enters your account or the date a cheque is written) but you must use the same method each tax year.

    ", + "

    All payments count - cash, card, cheque, payment in kind or any other method.

    ", + "

    Expenses

    ", + "

    Expenses are business costs you can deduct from your income to calculate your taxable profit. In practice, this means your allowable expenses reduce your Income Tax.

    ", + "

    Only count the expenses you\u2019ve actually paid. Money you owe isn\u2019t counted until you pay it.

    ", + "

    Examples of allowable business expenses if you\u2019re using cash basis are:

    ", + "
  • day to day running costs, such as electricity, fuel
    • ", + "
  • admin costs, for example stationery
    • ", + "
  • things you use in your business, such as machinery, computers, vans
    • ", + "
  • interest and charges up to \u00a3500, for example interest on bank overdrafts
    • ", + "
  • buying goods for resale
    • ", + "

    You can check what else counts as an allowable expense.

    ", + "

    For the 2013 to 2014 tax year onwards you can also choose to use the simplified expenses scheme instead of calculating expenses for:

    ", + "
  • running a vehicle
    • ", + "
  • working from home
    • ", + "
  • making adjustments for living on your business premises
    • ", + "

    Cars and other equipment

    ", + "

    If you buy a car for your business, you can claim the purchase as a capital allowance (but only if you\u2019re not using simplified expenses to work out your business expenses for that vehicle).

    ", + "

    Unlike traditional accounting, you claim other equipment you buy to keep and use in your business as a normal allowable business expense rather than as a capital allowance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re currently claiming capital allowances and want to switch to cash basis, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) have guidance on the changes you need to make.

    ", + "

    Keep your records

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to send your records to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) when you send in your tax return but you need to keep them in case they ask to check them.

    ", + "

    VAT registered businesses

    ", + "

    You can start to use cash basis if you\u2019re VAT registered as long as your income is \u00a3150,000 or less during the tax year.

    ", + "

    You can record your business income and expenses either excluding or including VAT. However, you must treat income and expenses the same way.

    ", + "

    If you choose to include VAT, you have to record:

    ", + "
  • VAT payments you make to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as expenses
    • ", + "
  • VAT repayments you receive from HMRC as income
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/charities-and-tax": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charities-and-tax", + "title": "Charities and tax", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAs a charity you can get certain tax reliefs. To benefit you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nCharities do not pay tax on most types of income as long as they use the money for charitable purposes.\n\nYou can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on bank interest and donations (this is known as Gift Aid).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## When you need to pay tax\n\nYour charity may need to pay tax if you\u2019ve:\n\n- received income that does not qualify for tax relief\n\n- spent any of your income on non-charitable purposes\n\nYou need to complete a tax return if your charity has tax to pay.\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) get different tax reliefs.\n\n## Tax reliefs for charities\n\nAs a charity you do not pay tax on most of your income and gains if you use it for charitable purposes - this is known as \u2018charitable expenditure\u2019.\n\nThis includes tax:\n\n- on donations\n\n- on profits from trading\n\n- on rental or investment income, for example bank interest\n\n- on profits when you sell or \u2018dispose of\u2019 an asset, like property or shares\n\n- when you buy property\n\nTo get tax relief you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) get different tax reliefs.\n\n## When you do pay tax\n\nCharities pay tax on:\n\n- dividends received from UK companies before 6 April 2016\n\n- profits from developing land or property\n\n- purchases - but there are special VAT rules for charities\n\nCharities pay business rates on non-domestic buildings, but they get an 80% discount.\n\nYou must pay tax on any money you do not use for charitable purposes. This is known as \u2018non-charitable expenditure\u2019.\n\n## Pay tax\n\nYou must complete a tax return if your charity needs to pay tax or if HMRC asks you to.\n\n## Reclaim tax\n\nYou can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on:\n\n- donations (this is known as Gift Aid)\n\n- bank interest\n\n## Get recognition for tax purposes\n\nTo get tax relief your charity must be:\n\n- based in the UK, EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Norway\n\n- established for charitable purposes only\n\n- registered with the Charity Commission or another regulator, if this applies to you\n\n- run by \u2018fit and proper persons\u2019\n\n- recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n## Apply for recognition\n\nRegister your charity\u2019s details using HMRC\u2019s online service.\n\n## Reclaim tax\n\nIf you receive income with tax deducted, for example donations you can claim Gift Aid on, you can claim it back:\n\n- online, using the Charities Online service\n\n- through software that works with Charities Online\n\n- by post, using form ChR1 - call the helpline to order it\n\n## Bank interest\n\nYou can arrange to receive interest without tax deducted. Show your bank your letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nIf tax has already been taken from your interest you can claim it back for:\n\n- the current tax year by asking your bank\n\n- previous tax years by claiming it from HMRC\n\n## Pay tax\n\nIf your charity has income that does not qualify for tax relief you must complete a tax return.\n\nIf you have no tax to pay, complete a tax return only if HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) asks you to.\n\nIf your charity\u2019s income is over \u00a310,000 you must submit an annual return to the Charity Commission.\n\n## Company Tax Returns\n\nComplete a Company Tax Return if your charity is a limited company or unincorporated association. Include the supplementary pages for charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs).\n\nA charity is a limited company if it was set up by a:\n\n- constitution\n\n- memorandum and articles of association\n\n- royal charter or Act of Parliament\n\nLimited companies must also send annual accounts to Companies House.\n\n## Trusts\n\nComplete a Trust and Estate Self Assessment tax return if your charity is a trust. A charity is a trust if it was set up by a trust deed or will.\n\n## Penalties and deadlines\n\nYou must complete a tax return when HMRC asks you to, even if no tax is due.\n\nYou may have to pay a penalty if your tax return is late or you do not complete one when you should.\n\nThe deadline depends on whether you complete a Company Tax Return or a Self Assessment tax return.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As a charity you can get certain tax reliefs. To benefit you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Charities do not pay tax on most types of income as long as they use the money for charitable purposes.

    ", + "

    You can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on bank interest and donations (this is known as Gift Aid).

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    When you need to pay tax

    ", + "

    Your charity may need to pay tax if you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • received income that does not qualify for tax relief
    • ", + "
  • spent any of your income on non-charitable purposes
    • ", + "

    You need to complete a tax return if your charity has tax to pay.

    ", + "

    Community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) get different tax reliefs.

    ", + "

    Tax reliefs for charities

    ", + "

    As a charity you do not pay tax on most of your income and gains if you use it for charitable purposes - this is known as \u2018charitable expenditure\u2019.

    ", + "

    This includes tax:

    ", + "
  • on donations
    • ", + "
  • on profits from trading
    • ", + "
  • on rental or investment income, for example bank interest
    • ", + "
  • on profits when you sell or \u2018dispose of\u2019 an asset, like property or shares
    • ", + "
  • when you buy property
    • ", + "

    To get tax relief you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) get different tax reliefs.

    ", + "

    When you do pay tax

    ", + "

    Charities pay tax on:

    ", + "
  • dividends received from UK companies before 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • profits from developing land or property
    • ", + "
  • purchases - but there are special VAT rules for charities
    • ", + "

    Charities pay business rates on non-domestic buildings, but they get an 80% discount.

    ", + "

    You must pay tax on any money you do not use for charitable purposes. This is known as \u2018non-charitable expenditure\u2019.

    ", + "

    Pay tax

    ", + "

    You must complete a tax return if your charity needs to pay tax or if HMRC asks you to.

    ", + "

    Reclaim tax

    ", + "

    You can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on:

    ", + "
  • donations (this is known as Gift Aid)
    • ", + "
  • bank interest
    • ", + "

    Get recognition for tax purposes

    ", + "

    To get tax relief your charity must be:

    ", + "
  • based in the UK, EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Norway
    • ", + "
  • established for charitable purposes only
    • ", + "
  • registered with the Charity Commission or another regulator, if this applies to you
    • ", + "
  • run by \u2018fit and proper persons\u2019
    • ", + "
  • recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "

    Apply for recognition

    ", + "

    Register your charity\u2019s details using HMRC\u2019s online service.

    ", + "

    Reclaim tax

    ", + "

    If you receive income with tax deducted, for example donations you can claim Gift Aid on, you can claim it back:

    ", + "
  • online, using the Charities Online service
    • ", + "
  • through software that works with Charities Online
    • ", + "
  • by post, using form ChR1 - call the helpline to order it
    • ", + "

    Bank interest

    ", + "

    You can arrange to receive interest without tax deducted. Show your bank your letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    If tax has already been taken from your interest you can claim it back for:

    ", + "
  • the current tax year by asking your bank
    • ", + "
  • previous tax years by claiming it from HMRC
    • ", + "

    Pay tax

    ", + "

    If your charity has income that does not qualify for tax relief you must complete a tax return.

    ", + "

    If you have no tax to pay, complete a tax return only if HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) asks you to.

    ", + "

    If your charity\u2019s income is over \u00a310,000 you must submit an annual return to the Charity Commission.

    ", + "

    Company Tax Returns

    ", + "

    Complete a Company Tax Return if your charity is a limited company or unincorporated association. Include the supplementary pages for charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs).

    ", + "

    A charity is a limited company if it was set up by a:

    ", + "
  • constitution
    • ", + "
  • memorandum and articles of association
    • ", + "
  • royal charter or Act of Parliament
    • ", + "

    Limited companies must also send annual accounts to Companies House.

    ", + "

    Trusts

    ", + "

    Complete a Trust and Estate Self Assessment tax return if your charity is a trust. A charity is a trust if it was set up by a trust deed or will.

    ", + "

    Penalties and deadlines

    ", + "

    You must complete a tax return when HMRC asks you to, even if no tax is due.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a penalty if your tax return is late or you do not complete one when you should.

    ", + "

    The deadline depends on whether you complete a Company Tax Return or a Self Assessment tax return.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/capital-allowances": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-allowances", + "title": "Claim capital allowances", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can claim capital allowances when you buy assets that you keep to use in your business, for example:\n\n- equipment\n\n- machinery\n\n- business vehicles, for example cars, vans or lorries\n\nThese are known as plant and machinery.\n\nYou can deduct some or all of the value of the item from your profits before you pay tax.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and have an income of \u00a3150,000 or less a year, you may be able to use a simpler system called cash basis instead.\n\n## Work out the value of your item\n\nIn most cases, the value is what you paid for the item. Use the market value (the amount you\u2019d expect to sell it for) instead if:\n\n- you owned it before you started using it in your business\n\n- it was a gift\n\n## Other business costs\n\nYou claim for the cost of things that are not business assets in a different way. This includes:\n\n- your business\u2019s day-to-day running costs\n\n- items that it\u2019s your trade to buy and sell\n\n- interest payments or finance costs for buying assets\n\nClaim these costs as business expenses if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner, or deduct from your profits as a business cost if you\u2019re a limited company.\n\n## Other capital allowances\n\nAs well as plant and machinery, you can also claim capital allowances for:\n\n- renovating business premises in disadvantaged areas of the UK\n\n- extracting minerals\n\n- research and development\n\n- \u2018know-how\u2019 (intellectual property about industrial techniques)\n\n- patents\n\n- dredging\n\n- structure and buildings\n\n## If you let out residential property\n\nYou can only claim for items in residential property if your business qualifies as a furnished holiday lettings business. In each year the property must be:\n\n- available for holiday letting for 210 days\n\n- let for 105 days or more\n\n## What you can claim on\n\nYou can claim capital allowances on items that you keep to use in your business - these are known as \u2018plant and machinery\u2019.\n\nIn most cases you can deduct the full cost of these items from your profits before tax using annual investment allowance (AIA).\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and have an income of \u00a3150,000 or less a year, you may be able to use a simpler system called cash basis instead.\n\n## What does not count as plant and machinery\n\nYou cannot claim capital allowances on:\n\n- things you lease - you must own them\n\n- buildings, including doors, gates, shutters, mains water and gas systems\n\n- land and structures, for example bridges, roads, docks\n\n- items used only for business entertainment, for example a yacht or karaoke machine\n\n## What counts as plant and machinery\n\nPlant and machinery includes:\n\n- items that you keep to use in your business, including cars\n\n- costs of demolishing plant and machinery\n\n- parts of a building considered integral, known as \u2018integral features\u2019\n\n- some fixtures, for example fitted kitchens or bathroom suites\n\n- alterations to a building to install other plant and machinery - this does not include repairs\n\nClaim repairs as business expenses if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner - deduct from your profits as a business cost if you\u2019re a limited company.\n\n## Integral features\n\nIntegral features are:\n\n- lifts, escalators and moving walkways\n\n- space and water heating systems\n\n- air-conditioning and air cooling systems\n\n- hot and cold water systems (but not toilet and kitchen facilities)\n\n- electrical systems, including lighting systems\n\n- external solar shading\n\n## Fixtures\n\nYou can claim for fixtures, for example:\n\n- fitted kitchens\n\n- bathroom suites\n\n- fire alarm and CCTV systems\n\nYou can claim if you rent or own the building, but only the person who bought the item can claim.\n\nWhen you buy a building from a previous business owner you can only claim for integral features and fixtures that they claimed for.\n\nYou must agree the value of the fixtures with the seller. If you do not you cannot claim for them. Agreeing the value also means the person selling the assets can account correctly for them.\n\n## If you let residential property\n\nYou can only claim for items in residential property if either:\n\n- you run a furnished holiday lettings business\n\n- the item is in the common parts of a residential building, for example a table in the hallway of a block of flats\n\n## Care workers\n\nThere are special rules if you run a care business.\n\n## Annual investment allowance\n\nYou can deduct the full value of an item that qualifies for annual investment allowance (AIA) from your profits before tax.\n\nIf you sell the item after claiming AIA you may need to pay tax.\n\n## What you can claim on\n\nYou can claim AIA on most plant and machinery up to the AIA amount.\n\n## What you cannot claim on\n\nYou cannot claim AIA on:\n\n- cars\n\n- items you owned for another reason before you started using them in your business\n\n- items given to you or your business\n\nClaim writing down allowances instead.\n\n## The AIA amount\n\nThe AIA amount has temporarily increased to \u00a31 million between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020.\n\n## Changes to the AIA\n\nThe\u00a0AIA\u00a0amount has changed several times since April 2008.\n\nIf the AIA changed in the period you\u2019re claiming for, you need to adjust the amount you can claim.\n\n| AIA | Sole traders/partners | Limited companies |\n\n| 1 million | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020 | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020 |\n\n| \u00a3200,000 | 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2018 | 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2018 |\n\n| \u00a3500,000 | 6 April 2014 - 31 December 2015 | 1 April 2014 - 31 December 2015 |\n\n| \u00a3250,000 | 1 January 2013 - 5 April 2014 | 1 January 2013 - 31 March 2014 |\n\n| \u00a325,000 | 6 April 2012 - 31 December 2012 | 1 April 2012 - 31 December 2012 |\n\n| \u00a3100,000 | 6 April 2010 - 5 April 2012 | 1 April 2010 - 31 March 2012 |\n\n| \u00a350,000 | 6 April 2008 - 5 April 2010 | 1 April 2008 - 31 March 2010 |\n\nYou get a new allowance for each accounting period.\n\n## If your accounting period is more or less than 12 months\n\nAdjust your AIA if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.\n\nThe rules are different if your accounting period is longer than 18 months or you have a gap or overlap between accounting periods.\n\n## When you can claim\n\nYou can only claim AIA in the period you bought the item.\n\nThe date you bought it is:\n\n- when you signed the contract, if payment is due within less than 4 months\n\n- when payment\u2019s due, if it\u2019s due more than 4 months later\n\nIf you buy something under a hire purchase contract you can claim for the payments you have not made yet when you start using the item. You cannot claim on the interest payments.\n\nIf your business closes, you cannot claim AIA for items bought in the final accounting period.\n\n## If you do not want to claim the full cost\n\nIf you do not want to claim the full cost, for example you have low profits, you can claim:\n\n- writing down allowances instead\n\n- part of the cost as AIA and part as writing down allowances\n\n## Items you also use outside your business\n\nYou cannot claim the full value of items you also use outside your business if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner. Reduce the capital allowances you claim by the amount you use the asset outside your business.\n\n## If you spend more than the AIA amount\n\nClaim writing down allowances on any amount above the AIA. If a single item takes you above the AIA amount you can split the value between the types of allowance.\n\n## Mixed partnerships\n\nAIA is not available for partnerships where one of the partners is a company or another partnership.\n\n## More than one business or trade\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner and you have more than one business or trade, each business usually gets an AIA.\n\nYou only get one AIA if the businesses are both:\n\n- controlled by the same person\n\n- in the same premises or have similar activities\n\nIf 2 or more limited companies are controlled by the same person they only get one AIA between them. They can choose how to share the AIA.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim on your tax return.\n\n## First year allowances\n\nIf you buy an asset that qualifies for first year allowances you can deduct the full cost from your profits before tax.\n\nYou can claim first year allowances in addition to annual investment allowance - they do not count towards your AIA limit.\n\n## What qualifies\n\nYou can claim \u2018enhanced capital allowances\u2019 (a type of first year allowances) for the following energy and water efficient equipment:\n\n- some cars with low CO2 emissions\n\n- energy saving equipment that\u2019s on the energy technology product list, for example certain motors\n\n- water saving equipment that\u2019s on the water efficient technologies product list, for example meters, efficient toilets and taps\n\n- plant and machinery for gas refuelling stations, for example storage tanks, pumps\n\n- gas, biogas and hydrogen refuelling equipment\n\n- new zero-emission goods vehicles\n\nYou cannot normally claim on items your business buys to lease to other people or for use within a home you let out.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim on your tax return.\n\nIf you do not claim all the first year allowances you\u2019re entitled to, you can claim part of the cost in the next accounting period using writing down allowances.\n\n## Business cars\n\nYou can claim capital allowances on cars you buy and use in your business. This means you can deduct part of the value from your profits before you pay tax.\n\nUse writing down allowances to work out what you can claim - cars do not qualify for annual investment allowance (AIA).\n\n## Sole traders and partners\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner you can claim simplified mileage expenses on business vehicles instead - as long as you have not already claimed for them in another way.\n\n## Employees\n\nIf you\u2019re an employee you cannot claim capital allowances for cars, motorbikes and bicycles you use for work, but you may be able to claim for business mileage and fuel costs.\n\n## What counts as a car\n\nFor capital allowances a car is a type of vehicle that:\n\n- is suitable for private use - this includes motorhomes\n\n- most people use privately\n\n- was not built for transporting goods\n\n## What does not count\n\nBecause they do not count as cars you can claim AIA on:\n\n- motorcycles - apart from those bought before 6 April 2009\n\n- lorries, vans and trucks\n\n## Rates for cars\n\nThe rate you can claim depends on the CO2 emissions of your car and the date you bought it.\n\nThe main and special rates apply from 1 April for limited companies, and 6 April for sole traders and partners. The first year allowances rate applies from 1 April for all businesses.\n\n## Cars bought from April 2021\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 0g/km (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 1g/km and 50g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are between 1g/km and 50g/km (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 50g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2018 and April 2021\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 50g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 50g/km and 110g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 110g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 110g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2015 and April 2018\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 75g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 75g/km and 130g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 130g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 130g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2013 and April 2015\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 95g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 95g/km and 130g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 130g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 130g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2009 and April 2013\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 110g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 110g/km and 160g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 160g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions above 160g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\nMove the balance of any cars bought before April 2009 to your main rate allowances pool.\n\nIf your car does not have an emissions figure use the special rate - use the main rate if it was registered before 1 March 2001.\n\n## Using cars outside your business\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and you also use your car outside your business, calculate how much you can claim based on the amount of business use.\n\nIf your business provides a car for an employee or director you can claim capital allowances on the full cost. You may need to report it as a benefit if they use it personally.\n\n## How to claim\n\nWhen you\u2019ve worked out your capital allowances, claim on your:\n\n- Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- partnership tax return if you\u2019re a partner\n\n- Company Tax Return if you\u2019re a limited company - you must include a separate capital allowances calculation\n\nEmployees must claim in a different way.\n\nThe amount you can claim is deducted from your profits.\n\n## When you can claim\n\nYou must claim in the accounting period you bought the item if you want to claim the full value under:\n\n- annual investment allowance\n\n- first year allowances\n\nIf you do not want to claim the full value you can claim part of it using writing down allowances. You can do this at any time as long as you still own the item.\n\n## When you bought it\n\nThe date you bought it is:\n\n- when you signed the contract, if payment is due within less than 4 months\n\n- when payment\u2019s due, if it\u2019s due more than 4 months later\n\nIf you buy something under a hire purchase contract you can claim for the payments you have not made yet when you start using the item. You cannot claim on the interest payments.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can claim capital allowances when you buy assets that you keep to use in your business, for example:

    ", + "
  • equipment
    • ", + "
  • machinery
    • ", + "
  • business vehicles, for example cars, vans or lorries
    • ", + "

    These are known as plant and machinery.

    ", + "

    You can deduct some or all of the value of the item from your profits before you pay tax.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and have an income of \u00a3150,000 or less a year, you may be able to use a simpler system called cash basis instead.

    ", + "

    Work out the value of your item

    ", + "

    In most cases, the value is what you paid for the item. Use the market value (the amount you\u2019d expect to sell it for) instead if:

    ", + "
  • you owned it before you started using it in your business
    • ", + "
  • it was a gift
    • ", + "

    Other business costs

    ", + "

    You claim for the cost of things that are not business assets in a different way. This includes:

    ", + "
  • your business\u2019s day-to-day running costs
    • ", + "
  • items that it\u2019s your trade to buy and sell
    • ", + "
  • interest payments or finance costs for buying assets
    • ", + "

    Claim these costs as business expenses if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner, or deduct from your profits as a business cost if you\u2019re a limited company.

    ", + "

    Other capital allowances

    ", + "

    As well as plant and machinery, you can also claim capital allowances for:

    ", + "
  • renovating business premises in disadvantaged areas of the UK
    • ", + "
  • extracting minerals
    • ", + "
  • research and development
    • ", + "
  • \u2018know-how\u2019 (intellectual property about industrial techniques)
    • ", + "
  • patents
    • ", + "
  • dredging
    • ", + "
  • structure and buildings
    • ", + "

    If you let out residential property

    ", + "

    You can only claim for items in residential property if your business qualifies as a furnished holiday lettings business. In each year the property must be:

    ", + "
  • available for holiday letting for 210 days
    • ", + "
  • let for 105 days or more
    • ", + "

    What you can claim on

    ", + "

    You can claim capital allowances on items that you keep to use in your business - these are known as \u2018plant and machinery\u2019.

    ", + "

    In most cases you can deduct the full cost of these items from your profits before tax using annual investment allowance (AIA).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and have an income of \u00a3150,000 or less a year, you may be able to use a simpler system called cash basis instead.

    ", + "

    What does not count as plant and machinery

    ", + "

    You cannot claim capital allowances on:

    ", + "
  • things you lease - you must own them
    • ", + "
  • buildings, including doors, gates, shutters, mains water and gas systems
    • ", + "
  • land and structures, for example bridges, roads, docks
    • ", + "
  • items used only for business entertainment, for example a yacht or karaoke machine
    • ", + "

    What counts as plant and machinery

    ", + "

    Plant and machinery includes:

    ", + "
  • items that you keep to use in your business, including cars
    • ", + "
  • costs of demolishing plant and machinery
    • ", + "
  • parts of a building considered integral, known as \u2018integral features\u2019
    • ", + "
  • some fixtures, for example fitted kitchens or bathroom suites
    • ", + "
  • alterations to a building to install other plant and machinery - this does not include repairs
    • ", + "

    Claim repairs as business expenses if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner - deduct from your profits as a business cost if you\u2019re a limited company.

    ", + "

    Integral features

    ", + "

    Integral features are:

    ", + "
  • lifts, escalators and moving walkways
    • ", + "
  • space and water heating systems
    • ", + "
  • air-conditioning and air cooling systems
    • ", + "
  • hot and cold water systems (but not toilet and kitchen facilities)
    • ", + "
  • electrical systems, including lighting systems
    • ", + "
  • external solar shading
    • ", + "

    Fixtures

    ", + "

    You can claim for fixtures, for example:

    ", + "
  • fitted kitchens
    • ", + "
  • bathroom suites
    • ", + "
  • fire alarm and CCTV systems
    • ", + "

    You can claim if you rent or own the building, but only the person who bought the item can claim.

    ", + "

    When you buy a building from a previous business owner you can only claim for integral features and fixtures that they claimed for.

    ", + "

    You must agree the value of the fixtures with the seller. If you do not you cannot claim for them. Agreeing the value also means the person selling the assets can account correctly for them.

    ", + "

    If you let residential property

    ", + "

    You can only claim for items in residential property if either:

    ", + "
  • you run a furnished holiday lettings business
    • ", + "
  • the item is in the common parts of a residential building, for example a table in the hallway of a block of flats
    • ", + "

    Care workers

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you run a care business.

    ", + "

    Annual investment allowance

    ", + "

    You can deduct the full value of an item that qualifies for annual investment allowance (AIA) from your profits before tax.

    ", + "

    If you sell the item after claiming AIA you may need to pay tax.

    ", + "

    What you can claim on

    ", + "

    You can claim AIA on most plant and machinery up to the AIA amount.

    ", + "

    What you cannot claim on

    ", + "

    You cannot claim AIA on:

    ", + "
  • cars
    • ", + "
  • items you owned for another reason before you started using them in your business
    • ", + "
  • items given to you or your business
    • ", + "

    Claim writing down allowances instead.

    ", + "

    The AIA amount

    ", + "

    The AIA amount has temporarily increased to \u00a31 million between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    Changes to the AIA

    ", + "

    The\u00a0AIA\u00a0amount has changed several times since April 2008.

    ", + "

    If the AIA changed in the period you\u2019re claiming for, you need to adjust the amount you can claim.

    ", + "AIA | Sole traders/partners | Limited companies", + "1 million | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020 | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020", + "\u00a3200,000 | 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2018 | 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2018", + "\u00a3500,000 | 6 April 2014 - 31 December 2015 | 1 April 2014 - 31 December 2015", + "\u00a3250,000 | 1 January 2013 - 5 April 2014 | 1 January 2013 - 31 March 2014", + "\u00a325,000 | 6 April 2012 - 31 December 2012 | 1 April 2012 - 31 December 2012", + "\u00a3100,000 | 6 April 2010 - 5 April 2012 | 1 April 2010 - 31 March 2012", + "\u00a350,000 | 6 April 2008 - 5 April 2010 | 1 April 2008 - 31 March 2010", + "

    You get a new allowance for each accounting period.

    ", + "

    If your accounting period is more or less than 12 months

    ", + "

    Adjust your AIA if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if your accounting period is longer than 18 months or you have a gap or overlap between accounting periods.

    ", + "

    When you can claim

    ", + "

    You can only claim AIA in the period you bought the item.

    ", + "

    The date you bought it is:

    ", + "
  • when you signed the contract, if payment is due within less than 4 months
    • ", + "
  • when payment\u2019s due, if it\u2019s due more than 4 months later
    • ", + "

    If you buy something under a hire purchase contract you can claim for the payments you have not made yet when you start using the item. You cannot claim on the interest payments.

    ", + "

    If your business closes, you cannot claim AIA for items bought in the final accounting period.

    ", + "

    If you do not want to claim the full cost

    ", + "

    If you do not want to claim the full cost, for example you have low profits, you can claim:

    ", + "
  • writing down allowances instead
    • ", + "
  • part of the cost as AIA and part as writing down allowances
    • ", + "

    Items you also use outside your business

    ", + "

    You cannot claim the full value of items you also use outside your business if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner. Reduce the capital allowances you claim by the amount you use the asset outside your business.

    ", + "

    If you spend more than the AIA amount

    ", + "

    Claim writing down allowances on any amount above the AIA. If a single item takes you above the AIA amount you can split the value between the types of allowance.

    ", + "

    Mixed partnerships

    ", + "

    AIA is not available for partnerships where one of the partners is a company or another partnership.

    ", + "

    More than one business or trade

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner and you have more than one business or trade, each business usually gets an AIA.

    ", + "

    You only get one AIA if the businesses are both:

    ", + "
  • controlled by the same person
    • ", + "
  • in the same premises or have similar activities
    • ", + "

    If 2 or more limited companies are controlled by the same person they only get one AIA between them. They can choose how to share the AIA.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Claim on your tax return.

    ", + "

    First year allowances

    ", + "

    If you buy an asset that qualifies for first year allowances you can deduct the full cost from your profits before tax.

    ", + "

    You can claim first year allowances in addition to annual investment allowance - they do not count towards your AIA limit.

    ", + "

    What qualifies

    ", + "

    You can claim \u2018enhanced capital allowances\u2019 (a type of first year allowances) for the following energy and water efficient equipment:

    ", + "
  • some cars with low CO2 emissions
    • ", + "
  • energy saving equipment that\u2019s on the energy technology product list, for example certain motors
    • ", + "
  • water saving equipment that\u2019s on the water efficient technologies product list, for example meters, efficient toilets and taps
    • ", + "
  • plant and machinery for gas refuelling stations, for example storage tanks, pumps
    • ", + "
  • gas, biogas and hydrogen refuelling equipment
    • ", + "
  • new zero-emission goods vehicles
    • ", + "

    You cannot normally claim on items your business buys to lease to other people or for use within a home you let out.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Claim on your tax return.

    ", + "

    If you do not claim all the first year allowances you\u2019re entitled to, you can claim part of the cost in the next accounting period using writing down allowances.

    ", + "

    Business cars

    ", + "

    You can claim capital allowances on cars you buy and use in your business. This means you can deduct part of the value from your profits before you pay tax.

    ", + "

    Use writing down allowances to work out what you can claim - cars do not qualify for annual investment allowance (AIA).

    ", + "

    Sole traders and partners

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner you can claim simplified mileage expenses on business vehicles instead - as long as you have not already claimed for them in another way.

    ", + "

    Employees

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employee you cannot claim capital allowances for cars, motorbikes and bicycles you use for work, but you may be able to claim for business mileage and fuel costs.

    ", + "

    What counts as a car

    ", + "

    For capital allowances a car is a type of vehicle that:

    ", + "
  • is suitable for private use - this includes motorhomes
    • ", + "
  • most people use privately
    • ", + "
  • was not built for transporting goods
    • ", + "

    What does not count

    ", + "

    Because they do not count as cars you can claim AIA on:

    ", + "
  • motorcycles - apart from those bought before 6 April 2009
    • ", + "
  • lorries, vans and trucks
    • ", + "

    Rates for cars

    ", + "

    The rate you can claim depends on the CO2 emissions of your car and the date you bought it.

    ", + "

    The main and special rates apply from 1 April for limited companies, and 6 April for sole traders and partners. The first year allowances rate applies from 1 April for all businesses.

    ", + "

    Cars bought from April 2021

    ", + "Description of car | What you can claim", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are 0g/km (or car is electric) | First year allowances", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 1g/km and 50g/km | Main rate allowances", + "Second hand, CO2 emissions are between 1g/km and 50g/km (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances", + "New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 50g/km | Special rate allowances", + "

    Cars bought between April 2018 and April 2021

    ", + "Description of car | What you can claim", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are 50g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 50g/km and 110g/km | Main rate allowances", + "Second hand, CO2 emissions are 110g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances", + "New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 110g/km | Special rate allowances", + "

    Cars bought between April 2015 and April 2018

    ", + "Description of car | What you can claim", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are 75g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 75g/km and 130g/km | Main rate allowances", + "Second hand, CO2 emissions are 130g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances", + "New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 130g/km | Special rate allowances", + "

    Cars bought between April 2013 and April 2015

    ", + "Description of car | What you can claim", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are 95g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 95g/km and 130g/km | Main rate allowances", + "Second hand, CO2 emissions are 130g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances", + "New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 130g/km | Special rate allowances", + "

    Cars bought between April 2009 and April 2013

    ", + "Description of car | What you can claim", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are 110g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances", + "New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 110g/km and 160g/km | Main rate allowances", + "Second hand, CO2 emissions are 160g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances", + "New or second hand, CO2 emissions above 160g/km | Special rate allowances", + "

    Move the balance of any cars bought before April 2009 to your main rate allowances pool.

    ", + "

    If your car does not have an emissions figure use the special rate - use the main rate if it was registered before 1 March 2001.

    ", + "

    Using cars outside your business

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and you also use your car outside your business, calculate how much you can claim based on the amount of business use.

    ", + "

    If your business provides a car for an employee or director you can claim capital allowances on the full cost. You may need to report it as a benefit if they use it personally.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve worked out your capital allowances, claim on your:

    ", + "
  • Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader
    • ", + "
  • partnership tax return if you\u2019re a partner
    • ", + "
  • Company Tax Return if you\u2019re a limited company - you must include a separate capital allowances calculation
    • ", + "

    Employees must claim in a different way.

    ", + "

    The amount you can claim is deducted from your profits.

    ", + "

    When you can claim

    ", + "

    You must claim in the accounting period you bought the item if you want to claim the full value under:

    ", + "
  • annual investment allowance
    • ", + "
  • first year allowances
    • ", + "

    If you do not want to claim the full value you can claim part of it using writing down allowances. You can do this at any time as long as you still own the item.

    ", + "

    When you bought it

    ", + "

    The date you bought it is:

    ", + "
  • when you signed the contract, if payment is due within less than 4 months
    • ", + "
  • when payment\u2019s due, if it\u2019s due more than 4 months later
    • ", + "

    If you buy something under a hire purchase contract you can claim for the payments you have not made yet when you start using the item. You cannot claim on the interest payments.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/company-tax-returns": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-tax-returns", + "title": "Company Tax Returns", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour company or association must file a Company Tax Return if you get a \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019 from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou must still send a return if you make a loss or have no Corporation Tax to pay.\n\nYou do not send a Company Tax Return if you\u2019re self-employed as a sole trader or in a partnership - but you must send a Self Assessment return.\n\n## What it involves\n\nWhen you file your tax return, you work out your:\n\n- profit or loss for Corporation Tax (this is different from the profit or loss shown in your annual accounts)\n\n- Corporation Tax bill\n\nYou can either get an accountant to prepare and file your tax return or do it yourself.\n\nIf you have a limited company, you may be able to file your accounts with Companies House at the same time as your tax return.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nThe deadline for your tax return is 12 months after the end of the accounting period it covers. You\u2019ll have to pay a penalty if you miss the deadline.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate deadline to pay your Corporation Tax bill. It\u2019s usually 9 months and one day after the end of the accounting period.\n\n## Penalties for late filing\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay penalties if you do not file your Company Tax Return by the deadline.\n\n| Time after your deadline | Penalty |\n\n| 1 day | \u00a3100 |\n\n| 3 months | Another \u00a3100 |\n\n| 6 months | HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will estimate your Corporation Tax bill and add a penalty of 10% the unpaid tax |\n\n| 12 months | Another 10% of any unpaid tax |\n\nIf your tax return is late 3 times in a row, the \u00a3100 penalties are increased to \u00a3500 each.\n\n## If your tax return is more than 6 months late\n\nIf your tax return is 6 months late, HMRC will write telling you how much Corporation Tax they think you must pay. This is called a \u2018tax determination\u2019. You cannot appeal against it.\n\nYou must pay the Corporation Tax due and file your tax return. HMRC will recalculate the interest and penalties you need to pay.\n\n## Appeals\n\nIf you have a reasonable excuse, you can appeal against a late filing penalty by writing to your company\u2019s Corporation Tax office.\n\nCheck recent tax forms or letters from HMRC for your Corporation Tax office address or call the Corporation Tax helpline.\n\n## Making changes\n\nYou must usually make any changes (\u2018amendments\u2019) within 12 months of the filing deadline.\n\nYou can:\n\n- log in to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online services to amend your Company Tax Return\n\n- use commercial software\n\n- send a paper return or write to your company\u2019s Corporation Tax office\n\nCheck recent tax forms or letters from HMRC for the Corporation Tax office address or call the helpline.\n\nHMRC may charge you a penalty for errors.\n\nHMRC can make a compliance check to check for errors in your Company Tax Return.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your company or association must file a Company Tax Return if you get a \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019 from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You must still send a return if you make a loss or have no Corporation Tax to pay.

    ", + "

    You do not send a Company Tax Return if you\u2019re self-employed as a sole trader or in a partnership - but you must send a Self Assessment return.

    ", + "

    What it involves

    ", + "

    When you file your tax return, you work out your:

    ", + "
  • profit or loss for Corporation Tax (this is different from the profit or loss shown in your annual accounts)
    • ", + "
  • Corporation Tax bill
    • ", + "

    You can either get an accountant to prepare and file your tax return or do it yourself.

    ", + "

    If you have a limited company, you may be able to file your accounts with Companies House at the same time as your tax return.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    The deadline for your tax return is 12 months after the end of the accounting period it covers. You\u2019ll have to pay a penalty if you miss the deadline.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate deadline to pay your Corporation Tax bill. It\u2019s usually 9 months and one day after the end of the accounting period.

    ", + "

    Penalties for late filing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay penalties if you do not file your Company Tax Return by the deadline.

    ", + "Time after your deadline | Penalty", + "1 day | \u00a3100", + "3 months | Another \u00a3100", + "6 months | HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will estimate your Corporation Tax bill and add a penalty of 10% the unpaid tax", + "12 months | Another 10% of any unpaid tax", + "

    If your tax return is late 3 times in a row, the \u00a3100 penalties are increased to \u00a3500 each.

    ", + "

    If your tax return is more than 6 months late

    ", + "

    If your tax return is 6 months late, HMRC will write telling you how much Corporation Tax they think you must pay. This is called a \u2018tax determination\u2019. You cannot appeal against it.

    ", + "

    You must pay the Corporation Tax due and file your tax return. HMRC will recalculate the interest and penalties you need to pay.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    If you have a reasonable excuse, you can appeal against a late filing penalty by writing to your company\u2019s Corporation Tax office.

    ", + "

    Check recent tax forms or letters from HMRC for your Corporation Tax office address or call the Corporation Tax helpline.

    ", + "

    Making changes

    ", + "

    You must usually make any changes (\u2018amendments\u2019) within 12 months of the filing deadline.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • log in to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online services to amend your Company Tax Return
    • ", + "
  • use commercial software
    • ", + "
  • send a paper return or write to your company\u2019s Corporation Tax office
    • ", + "

    Check recent tax forms or letters from HMRC for the Corporation Tax office address or call the helpline.

    ", + "

    HMRC may charge you a penalty for errors.

    ", + "

    HMRC can make a compliance check to check for errors in your Company Tax Return.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-when-your-company-sells-assets": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-when-your-company-sells-assets", + "title": "Corporation Tax when you sell business assets", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour limited company usually pays Corporation Tax on the profit (\u2018chargeable gain\u2019) from selling or disposing of an asset.\n\n## Company assets\n\nAssets are things your company owns, such as:\n\n- land and property\n\n- equipment and machinery\n\n- shares\n\n## Who pays Corporation Tax\n\nCorporation Tax on chargeable gains is paid by:\n\n- limited companies\n\n- most unincorporated associations, for example clubs and co-operatives\n\n- foreign companies with a UK branch or office\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax instead if you\u2019re a self-employed sole trader or business partner.\n\n## Work out and report your gain\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\nReport your gains to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) when you file your Company Tax Return. How much tax you pay depends on any allowances and reliefs you claim.\n\nThere are different rules for intangible assets, for example intellectual property and business reputation (\u2018goodwill\u2019).\n\n## Work out a chargeable gain\n\nThe gain is usually the difference between what you paid for the asset and what you sold it for.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use the asset\u2019s market value if your business gave it away, or sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer.\n\nYou can deduct any costs, for example solicitors\u2019 fees or Stamp Duty.\n\n## If you had the asset before December 2017\n\nBefore you work out your gain you need to work out how much you would have paid for the asset in today\u2019s money using the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Indexation Allowance.\n\nThis will make your gain smaller and mean you pay less tax.\n\n## How to work out the gain\n\n- Work out the asset\u2019s value when it was sold - this is usually the amount your company received.\n\n- Deduct the amount your company paid for the asset. If it was not acquired in a normal commercial transaction you need to use the market value at the time.\n\n- Deduct any money your company spent buying, selling or improving the asset, for example solicitors\u2019 fees and Stamp Duty. (You cannot deduct maintenance costs.)\n\n- If you had the asset before December 2017, use HMRC\u2019s Indexation Allowance December 2017 guide for the month when your company sold the asset. Then find the figure (\u2018inflation factor\u2019) for the year and month when your company bought the asset. Multiply this by the amount you paid for the asset. Deduct the total from your profit.\n\n- If you made improvements to the asset, work out the effects of inflation in the same way. Deduct the total from your profit.\n\nYou now have your chargeable gain. You can ask HMRC to check your valuation by filling in a post-transaction valuation check form. Return it to the address on the form and allow at least 3 months for HMRC\u2019s response.\n\n## If you make a loss when you sell an asset\n\nYou can reduce your total chargeable gains by deducting any capital losses.\n\nYou can only deduct capital losses from your chargeable gains - not from trading income or other profits.\n\nThe loss you can claim is reduced by any amount you\u2019ve claimed as capital allowances.\n\n## Intangible assets\n\n\u2018Intangible assets\u2019 include intellectual property and business reputation (\u2018goodwill\u2019).\n\nHow you\u2019re taxed on gains from intangible assets depends on when your limited company first owned them.\n\n## After 31 March 2002\n\nInclude gains on intangible assets in your company\u2019s business income (\u2018trading profits\u2019) if your company acquired or created them after 31 March 2002. You pay Corporation Tax on trading profits.\n\n## Before 1 April 2002\n\nUse the detailed guidance to work out gains on intangible assets or get help from a professional, like an accountant.\n\nIf your company\u2019s intangible assets came from a change in business structure (for example from a business partnership or self-employed sole trader), use the date the assets were acquired or created before the structure change.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your limited company usually pays Corporation Tax on the profit (\u2018chargeable gain\u2019) from selling or disposing of an asset.

    ", + "

    Company assets

    ", + "

    Assets are things your company owns, such as:

    ", + "
  • land and property
    • ", + "
  • equipment and machinery
    • ", + "
  • shares
    • ", + "

    Who pays Corporation Tax

    ", + "

    Corporation Tax on chargeable gains is paid by:

    ", + "
  • limited companies
    • ", + "
  • most unincorporated associations, for example clubs and co-operatives
    • ", + "
  • foreign companies with a UK branch or office
    • ", + "

    You pay Capital Gains Tax instead if you\u2019re a self-employed sole trader or business partner.

    ", + "

    Work out and report your gain

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.

    ", + "

    Report your gains to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) when you file your Company Tax Return. How much tax you pay depends on any allowances and reliefs you claim.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for intangible assets, for example intellectual property and business reputation (\u2018goodwill\u2019).

    ", + "

    Work out a chargeable gain

    ", + "

    The gain is usually the difference between what you paid for the asset and what you sold it for.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use the asset\u2019s market value if your business gave it away, or sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer.

    ", + "

    You can deduct any costs, for example solicitors\u2019 fees or Stamp Duty.

    ", + "

    If you had the asset before December 2017

    ", + "

    Before you work out your gain you need to work out how much you would have paid for the asset in today\u2019s money using the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Indexation Allowance.

    ", + "

    This will make your gain smaller and mean you pay less tax.

    ", + "

    How to work out the gain

    ", + "
  • Work out the asset\u2019s value when it was sold - this is usually the amount your company received.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct the amount your company paid for the asset. If it was not acquired in a normal commercial transaction you need to use the market value at the time.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct any money your company spent buying, selling or improving the asset, for example solicitors\u2019 fees and Stamp Duty. (You cannot deduct maintenance costs.)
    • ", + "
  • If you had the asset before December 2017, use HMRC\u2019s Indexation Allowance December 2017 guide for the month when your company sold the asset. Then find the figure (\u2018inflation factor\u2019) for the year and month when your company bought the asset. Multiply this by the amount you paid for the asset. Deduct the total from your profit.
    • ", + "
  • If you made improvements to the asset, work out the effects of inflation in the same way. Deduct the total from your profit.
    • ", + "

    You now have your chargeable gain. You can ask HMRC to check your valuation by filling in a post-transaction valuation check form. Return it to the address on the form and allow at least 3 months for HMRC\u2019s response.

    ", + "

    If you make a loss when you sell an asset

    ", + "

    You can reduce your total chargeable gains by deducting any capital losses.

    ", + "

    You can only deduct capital losses from your chargeable gains - not from trading income or other profits.

    ", + "

    The loss you can claim is reduced by any amount you\u2019ve claimed as capital allowances.

    ", + "

    Intangible assets

    ", + "

    \u2018Intangible assets\u2019 include intellectual property and business reputation (\u2018goodwill\u2019).

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re taxed on gains from intangible assets depends on when your limited company first owned them.

    ", + "

    After 31 March 2002

    ", + "

    Include gains on intangible assets in your company\u2019s business income (\u2018trading profits\u2019) if your company acquired or created them after 31 March 2002. You pay Corporation Tax on trading profits.

    ", + "

    Before 1 April 2002

    ", + "

    Use the detailed guidance to work out gains on intangible assets or get help from a professional, like an accountant.

    ", + "

    If your company\u2019s intangible assets came from a change in business structure (for example from a business partnership or self-employed sole trader), use the date the assets were acquired or created before the structure change.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/dormant-company": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dormant-company", + "title": "Dormant companies and associations", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour company or association may be \u2018dormant\u2019 if it\u2019s not doing business (\u2018trading\u2019) and doesn\u2019t have any other income, for example investments.\n\nDormant means different things for:\n\n- Corporation Tax and Company Tax Returns\n\n- annual accounts and returns for Companies House if you have a limited company\n\n## Dormant for Corporation Tax\n\nYour company is usually dormant for Corporation Tax if it:\n\n- has stopped trading and has no other income, for example investments\n\n- is a new limited company that hasn\u2019t started trading\n\n- is an unincorporated association or club owing less than \u00a3100 Corporation Tax\n\n- is a flat management company\n\nTrading includes buying, selling, renting property, advertising, employing someone or getting interest. HMRC has detailed guidance on what counts as dormant for Corporation Tax.\n\n## When HMRC thinks your company is dormant\n\nYou may get a letter from HMRC telling you:\n\n- they\u2019ve decided to treat your company or association as dormant\n\n- that you don\u2019t have to pay Corporation Tax or file Company Tax Returns\n\n## When you think your company is dormant\n\nIf your company has stopped trading and has no other income, you can tell HMRC that it\u2019s dormant for Corporation Tax.\n\n## If you\u2019ve never had a \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019\n\nYou can tell HMRC your company\u2019s dormant over the phone or by post.\n\n## If you\u2019ve filed a Company Tax Return or had a \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to file a Company Tax Return online - this will show HMRC that your company is dormant for this period.\n\n## Limited companies\n\nYou don\u2019t need to pay Corporation Tax or file another Company Tax Return once you\u2019ve told HMRC your company is dormant unless you receive a further notice to deliver a Company Tax Return.\n\nYou must still file annual accounts and a confirmation statement (previously annual return) - exactly what you must do depends on if you\u2019re dormant for Companies House.\n\nFind out how to restart your company.\n\n## If you\u2019re registered for VAT\n\nIf you do not intend to trade again you must deregister for VAT within 30 days of your company becoming dormant.\n\nHowever, if you plan to restart trading, you must send \u2018nil\u2019 (empty) VAT returns while your company is dormant.\n\n## If you employ people\n\nIf you do not plan to restart trading in this tax year, you should close your PAYE scheme.\n\n## Dormant for Companies House\n\nYou must file your confirmation statement (previously annual return) and annual accounts with Companies House even if your limited company is:\n\n- dormant for Corporation Tax\n\n- dormant according to Companies House\n\nBut if your company is dormant according to Companies House and also qualifies as \u2018small\u2019 you:\n\n- can file \u2018dormant accounts\u2019 instead\n\n- don\u2019t have to include an auditor\u2019s report with your accounts\n\nCheck what to include in your accounts if your company is small and dormant for Companies House.\n\n## Dormant according to Companies House\n\nYour company is called dormant by Companies House if it\u2019s had no \u2018significant\u2019 transactions in the financial year.\n\nSignificant transactions don\u2019t include:\n\n- filing fees paid to Companies House\n\n- penalties for late filing of accounts\n\n- money paid for shares when the company was incorporated\n\nYou do not need to tell Companies House if you restart trading. The next set of non-dormant accounts that you file will show that your company is no longer dormant.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your company or association may be \u2018dormant\u2019 if it\u2019s not doing business (\u2018trading\u2019) and doesn\u2019t have any other income, for example investments.

    ", + "

    Dormant means different things for:

    ", + "
  • Corporation Tax and Company Tax Returns
    • ", + "
  • annual accounts and returns for Companies House if you have a limited company
    • ", + "

    Dormant for Corporation Tax

    ", + "

    Your company is usually dormant for Corporation Tax if it:

    ", + "
  • has stopped trading and has no other income, for example investments
    • ", + "
  • is a new limited company that hasn\u2019t started trading
    • ", + "
  • is an unincorporated association or club owing less than \u00a3100 Corporation Tax
    • ", + "
  • is a flat management company
    • ", + "

    Trading includes buying, selling, renting property, advertising, employing someone or getting interest. HMRC has detailed guidance on what counts as dormant for Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    When HMRC thinks your company is dormant

    ", + "

    You may get a letter from HMRC telling you:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve decided to treat your company or association as dormant
    • ", + "
  • that you don\u2019t have to pay Corporation Tax or file Company Tax Returns
    • ", + "

    When you think your company is dormant

    ", + "

    If your company has stopped trading and has no other income, you can tell HMRC that it\u2019s dormant for Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve never had a \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019

    ", + "

    You can tell HMRC your company\u2019s dormant over the phone or by post.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve filed a Company Tax Return or had a \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to file a Company Tax Return online - this will show HMRC that your company is dormant for this period.

    ", + "

    Limited companies

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to pay Corporation Tax or file another Company Tax Return once you\u2019ve told HMRC your company is dormant unless you receive a further notice to deliver a Company Tax Return.

    ", + "

    You must still file annual accounts and a confirmation statement (previously annual return) - exactly what you must do depends on if you\u2019re dormant for Companies House.

    ", + "

    Find out how to restart your company.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered for VAT

    ", + "

    If you do not intend to trade again you must deregister for VAT within 30 days of your company becoming dormant.

    ", + "

    However, if you plan to restart trading, you must send \u2018nil\u2019 (empty) VAT returns while your company is dormant.

    ", + "

    If you employ people

    ", + "

    If you do not plan to restart trading in this tax year, you should close your PAYE scheme.

    ", + "

    Dormant for Companies House

    ", + "

    You must file your confirmation statement (previously annual return) and annual accounts with Companies House even if your limited company is:

    ", + "
  • dormant for Corporation Tax
    • ", + "
  • dormant according to Companies House
    • ", + "

    But if your company is dormant according to Companies House and also qualifies as \u2018small\u2019 you:

    ", + "
  • can file \u2018dormant accounts\u2019 instead
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t have to include an auditor\u2019s report with your accounts
    • ", + "

    Check what to include in your accounts if your company is small and dormant for Companies House.

    ", + "

    Dormant according to Companies House

    ", + "

    Your company is called dormant by Companies House if it\u2019s had no \u2018significant\u2019 transactions in the financial year.

    ", + "

    Significant transactions don\u2019t include:

    ", + "
  • filing fees paid to Companies House
    • ", + "
  • penalties for late filing of accounts
    • ", + "
  • money paid for shares when the company was incorporated
    • ", + "

    You do not need to tell Companies House if you restart trading. The next set of non-dormant accounts that you file will show that your company is no longer dormant.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/expenses-if-youre-self-employed": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/expenses-if-youre-self-employed", + "title": "Expenses if you're self-employed", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed, your business will have various running costs. You can deduct some of these costs to work out your taxable profit as long as they\u2019re allowable expenses.\n\nAllowable expenses do not include money taken from your business to pay for private purchases.\n\nIf you run your own limited company, you need to follow different rules. You can deduct any business costs from your profits before tax. You must report any item you make personal use of as a company benefit.\n\n## Costs you can claim as allowable expenses\n\nThese include:\n\n- office costs, for example stationery or phone bills\n\n- travel costs, for example fuel, parking, train or bus fares\n\n- clothing expenses, for example uniforms\n\n- staff costs, for example salaries or subcontractor costs\n\n- things you buy to sell on, for example stock or raw materials\n\n- financial costs, for example insurance or bank charges\n\n- costs of your business premises, for example heating, lighting, business rates\n\n- advertising or marketing, for example website costs\n\n- training courses related to your business, for example refresher courses\n\nYou cannot claim expenses if you use your \u00a31,000 tax-free \u2018trading allowance\u2019.\n\nContact the Self Assessment helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether a business cost is an allowable expense.\n\n## Costs you can claim as capital allowances\n\nIf you use traditional accounting, claim capital allowances when you buy something you keep to use in your business, for example:\n\n- equipment\n\n- machinery\n\n- business vehicles, for example cars, vans, lorries\n\nYou cannot claim capital allowances if you use your \u00a31,000 tax-free \u2018trading allowance\u2019.\n\n## If you use cash basis\n\nIf you use cash basis accounting and buy a car for your business, you can claim this as a capital allowance. However, all other items you buy and keep for your business should be claimed as allowable expenses in the normal way.\n\n## If you use something for both business and personal reasons\n\nYou can only claim allowable expenses for the business costs.\n\n## If you work from home\n\nYou may be able to claim a proportion of your costs for things like:\n\n- heating\n\n- electricity\n\n- Council Tax\n\n- mortgage interest or rent\n\n- internet and telephone use\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find a reasonable method of dividing your costs, for example by the number of rooms you use for business or the amount of time you spend working from home.\n\n## Simplified expenses\n\nYou can avoid using complex calculations to work out your business expenses by using simplified expenses. Simplified expenses are flat rates that can be used for:\n\n- vehicles\n\n- working from home\n\n- living on your business premises\n\n## Office, property and equipment\n\nClaim items you\u2019d normally use for less than 2 years as allowable expenses, for example:\n\n- stationery\n\n- rent, rates, power and insurance costs\n\nFor equipment you keep to use in your business, for example computers or printers, claim:\n\n- allowable expenses if you use cash basis accounting\n\n- capital allowances if you use traditional accounting\n\nYou cannot claim for any non-business use of premises, phones or other office resources.\n\n## Stationery\n\nYou can claim expenses for:\n\n- phone, mobile, fax and internet bills\n\n- postage\n\n- stationery\n\n- printing\n\n- printer ink and cartridges\n\n- computer software your business uses for less than 2 years\n\n- computer software if your business makes regular payments to renew the licence (even if you use it for more than 2 years)\n\nClaim other software for your business as capital allowances, unless you use cash basis.\n\n## Rents, rates, power and insurance costs\n\nYou can claim expenses for:\n\n- rent for business premises\n\n- business and water rates\n\n- utility bills\n\n- property insurance\n\n- security\n\n- using your home as an office (only the part that\u2019s used for business)\n\n## Business premises\n\nYou cannot claim expenses or allowances for buying building premises.\n\nClaim expenses for repairs and maintenance of business premises and equipment.\n\nFor alterations to install or replace equipment, claim:\n\n- allowable expenses if you use cash basis accounting\n\n- capital allowances if you use traditional accounting\n\nYou can also claim capital allowances for some integral parts of a building, for example water heating systems.\n\n## Car, van and travel expenses\n\nYou can claim allowable business expenses for:\n\n- vehicle insurance\n\n- repairs and servicing\n\n- fuel\n\n- parking\n\n- hire charges\n\n- vehicle licence fees\n\n- breakdown cover\n\n- train, bus, air and taxi fares\n\n- hotel rooms\n\n- meals on overnight business trips\n\nYou cannot claim for:\n\n- non-business driving or travel costs\n\n- fines\n\n- travel between home and work\n\nYou may be able to calculate your car, van or motorcycle expenses using a flat rate (known as simplified expenses) for mileage instead of the actual costs of buying and running your vehicle.\n\n## Buying vehicles\n\nIf you use traditional accounting and buy a vehicle for your business, you can claim this as a capital allowance.\n\nIf you use cash basis accounting and buy a car for your business, claim this as a capital allowance as long as you\u2019re not using simplified expenses.\n\nFor all other types of vehicle, claim them as allowable expenses.\n\n## Clothing expenses\n\nYou can claim allowable business expenses for:\n\n- uniforms\n\n- protective clothing needed for your work\n\n- costumes for actors or entertainers\n\nYou cannot claim for everyday clothing (even if you wear it for work).\n\n## Staff expenses\n\nYou can claim allowable business expenses for:\n\n- employee and staff salaries\n\n- bonuses\n\n- pensions\n\n- benefits\n\n- agency fees\n\n- subcontractors\n\n- employer\u2019s National Insurance\n\n- training courses related to your business\n\nYou cannot claim for carers or domestic help, for example nannies.\n\n## Reselling goods\n\nYou can claim allowable business expenses for:\n\n- goods for resale (stock)\n\n- raw materials\n\n- direct costs from producing goods\n\nYou cannot claim for:\n\n- any goods or materials bought for private use\n\n- depreciation of equipment\n\n## Legal and financial costs\n\nAccountancy, legal and other professional fees can count as allowable business expenses.\n\nYou can claim costs for:\n\n- hiring of accountants, solicitors, surveyors and architects for business reasons\n\n- professional indemnity insurance premiums\n\nYou cannot claim for:\n\n- legal costs of buying property and machinery - if you use traditional accounting, claim for these costs as capital allowances\n\n- fines for breaking the law\n\n## Bank, credit card and other financial charges\n\nYou can claim business costs for:\n\n- bank, overdraft and credit card charges\n\n- interest on bank and business loans\n\n- hire purchase interest\n\n- leasing payments\n\n- alternative finance payments, for example Islamic finance\n\nIf you\u2019re using cash basis accounting you can only claim up to \u00a3500 in interest and bank charges.\n\nYou cannot claim for repayments of loans, overdrafts or finance arrangements.\n\n## Insurance policies\n\nYou can claim for any insurance policy for your business, for example public liability insurance.\n\n## When your customer does not pay you\n\nIf you\u2019re using traditional accounting, you can claim for amounts of money you include in your turnover but will not ever receive (\u2018bad debts\u2019). However, you can only write off these debts if you\u2019re sure they will not be recovered from your customer in the future.\n\nYou cannot claim for:\n\n- debts not included in turnover\n\n- debts related to the disposal of fixed assets, for example land, buildings, machinery\n\n- bad debts that are not properly calculated, for example you can not just estimate that your debts are equal to 5% of your turnover\n\nBad debts cannot be claimed if you use cash basis accounting because you\u2019ve not received the money from your debtors. With cash basis, you only record income on your return that you\u2019ve actually received.\n\n## Marketing, entertainment and subscriptions\n\nYou can claim allowable business expenses for:\n\n- advertising in newspapers or directories\n\n- bulk mail advertising (mailshots)\n\n- free samples\n\n- website costs\n\nYou cannot claim for:\n\n- entertaining clients, suppliers and customers\n\n- event hospitality\n\n## Subscriptions\n\nYou can claim for:\n\n- trade or professional journals\n\n- trade body or professional organisation membership if related to your business\n\nYou cannot claim for:\n\n- payments to political parties\n\n- gym membership fees\n\n- donations to charity - but you may be able to claim for sponsorship payments\n\n## Training courses\n\nYou can claim allowable business expenses for training that helps you improve the skills and knowledge you use in your business (for example, refresher courses).\n\nThe training courses must be related to your business.\n\nYou cannot claim for training courses that help you:\n\n- start a new business\n\n- expand into new areas of business, including anything related to your current business\n\n## How to claim\n\nKeep records of all your business expenses as proof of your costs.\n\nAdd up all your allowable expenses for the tax year and put the total amount on your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou do not need to send in proof of expenses when you submit your tax return. But you should keep proof and records so you can show them to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if asked.\n\nYou must make sure your records are accurate.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed, your business will have various running costs. You can deduct some of these costs to work out your taxable profit as long as they\u2019re allowable expenses.

    ", + "

    Allowable expenses do not include money taken from your business to pay for private purchases.

    ", + "

    If you run your own limited company, you need to follow different rules. You can deduct any business costs from your profits before tax. You must report any item you make personal use of as a company benefit.

    ", + "

    Costs you can claim as allowable expenses

    ", + "

    These include:

    ", + "
  • office costs, for example stationery or phone bills
    • ", + "
  • travel costs, for example fuel, parking, train or bus fares
    • ", + "
  • clothing expenses, for example uniforms
    • ", + "
  • staff costs, for example salaries or subcontractor costs
    • ", + "
  • things you buy to sell on, for example stock or raw materials
    • ", + "
  • financial costs, for example insurance or bank charges
    • ", + "
  • costs of your business premises, for example heating, lighting, business rates
    • ", + "
  • advertising or marketing, for example website costs
    • ", + "
  • training courses related to your business, for example refresher courses
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim expenses if you use your \u00a31,000 tax-free \u2018trading allowance\u2019.

    ", + "

    Contact the Self Assessment helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether a business cost is an allowable expense.

    ", + "

    Costs you can claim as capital allowances

    ", + "

    If you use traditional accounting, claim capital allowances when you buy something you keep to use in your business, for example:

    ", + "
  • equipment
    • ", + "
  • machinery
    • ", + "
  • business vehicles, for example cars, vans, lorries
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim capital allowances if you use your \u00a31,000 tax-free \u2018trading allowance\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you use cash basis

    ", + "

    If you use cash basis accounting and buy a car for your business, you can claim this as a capital allowance. However, all other items you buy and keep for your business should be claimed as allowable expenses in the normal way.

    ", + "

    If you use something for both business and personal reasons

    ", + "

    You can only claim allowable expenses for the business costs.

    ", + "

    If you work from home

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim a proportion of your costs for things like:

    ", + "
  • heating
    • ", + "
  • electricity
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax
    • ", + "
  • mortgage interest or rent
    • ", + "
  • internet and telephone use
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to find a reasonable method of dividing your costs, for example by the number of rooms you use for business or the amount of time you spend working from home.

    ", + "

    Simplified expenses

    ", + "

    You can avoid using complex calculations to work out your business expenses by using simplified expenses. Simplified expenses are flat rates that can be used for:

    ", + "
  • vehicles
    • ", + "
  • working from home
    • ", + "
  • living on your business premises
    • ", + "

    Office, property and equipment

    ", + "

    Claim items you\u2019d normally use for less than 2 years as allowable expenses, for example:

    ", + "
  • stationery
    • ", + "
  • rent, rates, power and insurance costs
    • ", + "

    For equipment you keep to use in your business, for example computers or printers, claim:

    ", + "
  • allowable expenses if you use cash basis accounting
    • ", + "
  • capital allowances if you use traditional accounting
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for any non-business use of premises, phones or other office resources.

    ", + "

    Stationery

    ", + "

    You can claim expenses for:

    ", + "
  • phone, mobile, fax and internet bills
    • ", + "
  • postage
    • ", + "
  • stationery
    • ", + "
  • printing
    • ", + "
  • printer ink and cartridges
    • ", + "
  • computer software your business uses for less than 2 years
    • ", + "
  • computer software if your business makes regular payments to renew the licence (even if you use it for more than 2 years)
    • ", + "

    Claim other software for your business as capital allowances, unless you use cash basis.

    ", + "

    Rents, rates, power and insurance costs

    ", + "

    You can claim expenses for:

    ", + "
  • rent for business premises
    • ", + "
  • business and water rates
    • ", + "
  • utility bills
    • ", + "
  • property insurance
    • ", + "
  • security
    • ", + "
  • using your home as an office (only the part that\u2019s used for business)
    • ", + "

    Business premises

    ", + "

    You cannot claim expenses or allowances for buying building premises.

    ", + "

    Claim expenses for repairs and maintenance of business premises and equipment.

    ", + "

    For alterations to install or replace equipment, claim:

    ", + "
  • allowable expenses if you use cash basis accounting
    • ", + "
  • capital allowances if you use traditional accounting
    • ", + "

    You can also claim capital allowances for some integral parts of a building, for example water heating systems.

    ", + "

    Car, van and travel expenses

    ", + "

    You can claim allowable business expenses for:

    ", + "
  • vehicle insurance
    • ", + "
  • repairs and servicing
    • ", + "
  • fuel
    • ", + "
  • parking
    • ", + "
  • hire charges
    • ", + "
  • vehicle licence fees
    • ", + "
  • breakdown cover
    • ", + "
  • train, bus, air and taxi fares
    • ", + "
  • hotel rooms
    • ", + "
  • meals on overnight business trips
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • non-business driving or travel costs
    • ", + "
  • fines
    • ", + "
  • travel between home and work
    • ", + "

    You may be able to calculate your car, van or motorcycle expenses using a flat rate (known as simplified expenses) for mileage instead of the actual costs of buying and running your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Buying vehicles

    ", + "

    If you use traditional accounting and buy a vehicle for your business, you can claim this as a capital allowance.

    ", + "

    If you use cash basis accounting and buy a car for your business, claim this as a capital allowance as long as you\u2019re not using simplified expenses.

    ", + "

    For all other types of vehicle, claim them as allowable expenses.

    ", + "

    Clothing expenses

    ", + "

    You can claim allowable business expenses for:

    ", + "
  • uniforms
    • ", + "
  • protective clothing needed for your work
    • ", + "
  • costumes for actors or entertainers
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for everyday clothing (even if you wear it for work).

    ", + "

    Staff expenses

    ", + "

    You can claim allowable business expenses for:

    ", + "
  • employee and staff salaries
    • ", + "
  • bonuses
    • ", + "
  • pensions
    • ", + "
  • benefits
    • ", + "
  • agency fees
    • ", + "
  • subcontractors
    • ", + "
  • employer\u2019s National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • training courses related to your business
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for carers or domestic help, for example nannies.

    ", + "

    Reselling goods

    ", + "

    You can claim allowable business expenses for:

    ", + "
  • goods for resale (stock)
    • ", + "
  • raw materials
    • ", + "
  • direct costs from producing goods
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • any goods or materials bought for private use
    • ", + "
  • depreciation of equipment
    • ", + "

    Legal and financial costs

    ", + "

    Accountancy, legal and other professional fees can count as allowable business expenses.

    ", + "

    You can claim costs for:

    ", + "
  • hiring of accountants, solicitors, surveyors and architects for business reasons
    • ", + "
  • professional indemnity insurance premiums
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • legal costs of buying property and machinery - if you use traditional accounting, claim for these costs as capital allowances
    • ", + "
  • fines for breaking the law
    • ", + "

    Bank, credit card and other financial charges

    ", + "

    You can claim business costs for:

    ", + "
  • bank, overdraft and credit card charges
    • ", + "
  • interest on bank and business loans
    • ", + "
  • hire purchase interest
    • ", + "
  • leasing payments
    • ", + "
  • alternative finance payments, for example Islamic finance
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re using cash basis accounting you can only claim up to \u00a3500 in interest and bank charges.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for repayments of loans, overdrafts or finance arrangements.

    ", + "

    Insurance policies

    ", + "

    You can claim for any insurance policy for your business, for example public liability insurance.

    ", + "

    When your customer does not pay you

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using traditional accounting, you can claim for amounts of money you include in your turnover but will not ever receive (\u2018bad debts\u2019). However, you can only write off these debts if you\u2019re sure they will not be recovered from your customer in the future.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • debts not included in turnover
    • ", + "
  • debts related to the disposal of fixed assets, for example land, buildings, machinery
    • ", + "
  • bad debts that are not properly calculated, for example you can not just estimate that your debts are equal to 5% of your turnover
    • ", + "

    Bad debts cannot be claimed if you use cash basis accounting because you\u2019ve not received the money from your debtors. With cash basis, you only record income on your return that you\u2019ve actually received.

    ", + "

    Marketing, entertainment and subscriptions

    ", + "

    You can claim allowable business expenses for:

    ", + "
  • advertising in newspapers or directories
    • ", + "
  • bulk mail advertising (mailshots)
    • ", + "
  • free samples
    • ", + "
  • website costs
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • entertaining clients, suppliers and customers
    • ", + "
  • event hospitality
    • ", + "

    Subscriptions

    ", + "

    You can claim for:

    ", + "
  • trade or professional journals
    • ", + "
  • trade body or professional organisation membership if related to your business
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • payments to political parties
    • ", + "
  • gym membership fees
    • ", + "
  • donations to charity - but you may be able to claim for sponsorship payments
    • ", + "

    Training courses

    ", + "

    You can claim allowable business expenses for training that helps you improve the skills and knowledge you use in your business (for example, refresher courses).

    ", + "

    The training courses must be related to your business.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for training courses that help you:

    ", + "
  • start a new business
    • ", + "
  • expand into new areas of business, including anything related to your current business
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Keep records of all your business expenses as proof of your costs.

    ", + "

    Add up all your allowable expenses for the tax year and put the total amount on your Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    You do not need to send in proof of expenses when you submit your tax return. But you should keep proof and records so you can show them to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if asked.

    ", + "

    You must make sure your records are accurate.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/machine-game-duty": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/machine-game-duty", + "title": "Machine Games Duty", + "content": "## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) if there are machines that give cash prizes on your premises. You pay duty on:\n\n- slot and fruit machines, and other gaming machines\n\n- quiz machines and other \u2018skill with prize\u2019 machines\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou do not pay it on machines where the prize is less than the cost to play, or on takings from charity events, tournaments, lottery machines or if the machine is for domestic use.\n\nYour takings from machine games will be exempt from VAT if you pay MGD.\n\nIf you\u2019re responsible for MGD you\u2019ll need to register, send regular returns, pay duty and keep records.\n\n## Who\u2019s responsible for registering and paying\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility if you hold any of the following licences:\n\n- premises licence, for example for gambling or alcohol\n\n- family entertainment centre gaming machine permit\n\n- club premises certificate, a club gaming permit or club machine permit\n\n- prize gaming permit or amusement permit\n\n- registration certificate including a club registration certificate\n\n- bookmaking office licence or bingo club licence\n\n- licence to sell alcohol in Northern Ireland\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re the tenant of a pub. You\u2019re responsible for MGD, not the premises licence owner (usually the pub\u2019s owner). When you stop being the tenant, you need to cancel your registration.\n\nYou are not responsible for MGD if you supply the machines, unless you also hold the licence or permit for the premises.\n\nIf your premises does not have a licence, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask someone else, usually the manager or owner, to register and pay the duty.\n\nYou may have to pay a penalty if you do not register when you should.\n\n## Register\n\nRegister for Machine Games Duty (MGD) at least 14 days before you make your machines available to play.\n\nYou register by adding MGD to your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) account. If you do not have one (or only have an account for personal tax), create an account as an organisation.\n\nTo register for MGD, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- any licence or permit numbers for your premises\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR), if you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment or Corporation Tax\n\n- your VAT number, if you\u2019re registered for VAT\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- to know how many machines you have\n\n- your accountant\u2019s MGD agent reference number and postcode, if you want them to file returns on your behalf\n\nRegister now\n\n## After you\u2019ve registered\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep accurate records to show:\n\n- how you worked out the figures for your return\n\n- that the amount you\u2019ve paid is correct\n\nKeep your records for 4 years as HMRC might ask to see them.\n\n## If you want to file paper returns\n\nFill in and send the registration form if you want to file paper returns.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nYou pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) on the total net takings from your machine games.\n\nThis is what you charge to play the games minus the amount you pay as winnings, including non-cash prizes.\n\nYou do not pay it on takings from charity events, tournaments, lottery machines or if the machine is for domestic use.\n\n## MGD rates\n\n| | Cost to play | Prize | Rate you pay |\n\n| Machine type 1 - lower rate | 20 pence or less | \u00a310 or less | 5% |\n\n| Machine type 2 - standard rate | 21 pence to \u00a35 | \u00a311 or more | 20% |\n\n| All other machine types - higher rate | More than \u00a35 | Any | 25% |\n\nIf your machine has more than one type of game, you pay the rate for the highest rated game on all takings from the machine.\n\n## File your return\n\nYou must file a Machine Games Duty (MGD) return every 3 months.\n\nYour return is due within 30 days of the end of the accounting period. You\u2019ll get a reminder if you included your email address when you registered online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- records of your total net takings from machine games\n\n- details of how you worked out the figures\n\nYou still fill in a return even if you do not owe anything, or your business has not traded during this accounting period. This can be for any reason, including if you\u2019ve closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Enter \u20180\u2019 in all boxes.\n\nFile your return\n\n## If you chose to file using paper forms\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you paper forms when your return is due. If you do not receive them, contact the helpline.\n\n## After you\u2019ve filed your return\n\nPay your Machine Games Duty bill within 30 days of the end of your accounting period.\n\nYou may have to pay a penalty if your return or payment is late. HMRC can also charge you an estimate of what you owe.\n\n## Change your details\n\nSign in to the Machine Games Duty (MGD) service to:\n\n- change your contact address or other details\n\n- cancel your registration if you\u2019ve stopped trading, no longer have machine games or want to be registered as part of a group of companies\n\n- add, change or remove an authorised agent to file returns for you\n\nYou can also contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by phone or post. You\u2019ll need to tell them your registration number.\n\n## Switch to file online instead of sending paper returns\n\nIf you already have an HMRC online account, sign in to add the MGD service.\n\nOtherwise, register for an HMRC account and sign up for MGD.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What you pay it on

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) if there are machines that give cash prizes on your premises. You pay duty on:

    ", + "
  • slot and fruit machines, and other gaming machines
    • ", + "
  • quiz machines and other \u2018skill with prize\u2019 machines
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You do not pay it on machines where the prize is less than the cost to play, or on takings from charity events, tournaments, lottery machines or if the machine is for domestic use.

    ", + "

    Your takings from machine games will be exempt from VAT if you pay MGD.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re responsible for MGD you\u2019ll need to register, send regular returns, pay duty and keep records.

    ", + "

    Who\u2019s responsible for registering and paying

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility if you hold any of the following licences:

    ", + "
  • premises licence, for example for gambling or alcohol
    • ", + "
  • family entertainment centre gaming machine permit
    • ", + "
  • club premises certificate, a club gaming permit or club machine permit
    • ", + "
  • prize gaming permit or amusement permit
    • ", + "
  • registration certificate including a club registration certificate
    • ", + "
  • bookmaking office licence or bingo club licence
    • ", + "
  • licence to sell alcohol in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    There are different rules if you\u2019re the tenant of a pub. You\u2019re responsible for MGD, not the premises licence owner (usually the pub\u2019s owner). When you stop being the tenant, you need to cancel your registration.

    ", + "

    You are not responsible for MGD if you supply the machines, unless you also hold the licence or permit for the premises.

    ", + "

    If your premises does not have a licence, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask someone else, usually the manager or owner, to register and pay the duty.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a penalty if you do not register when you should.

    ", + "

    Register

    ", + "

    Register for Machine Games Duty (MGD) at least 14 days before you make your machines available to play.

    ", + "

    You register by adding MGD to your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) account. If you do not have one (or only have an account for personal tax), create an account as an organisation.

    ", + "

    To register for MGD, you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • any licence or permit numbers for your premises
    • ", + "
  • your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR), if you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment or Corporation Tax
    • ", + "
  • your VAT number, if you\u2019re registered for VAT
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • to know how many machines you have
    • ", + "
  • your accountant\u2019s MGD agent reference number and postcode, if you want them to file returns on your behalf
    • ", + "

    Register now

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve registered

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep accurate records to show:

    ", + "
  • how you worked out the figures for your return
    • ", + "
  • that the amount you\u2019ve paid is correct
    • ", + "

    Keep your records for 4 years as HMRC might ask to see them.

    ", + "

    If you want to file paper returns

    ", + "

    Fill in and send the registration form if you want to file paper returns.

    ", + "

    How much you pay

    ", + "

    You pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) on the total net takings from your machine games.

    ", + "

    This is what you charge to play the games minus the amount you pay as winnings, including non-cash prizes.

    ", + "

    You do not pay it on takings from charity events, tournaments, lottery machines or if the machine is for domestic use.

    ", + "

    MGD rates

    ", + " | Cost to play | Prize | Rate you pay", + "Machine type 1 - lower rate | 20 pence or less | \u00a310 or less | 5%", + "Machine type 2 - standard rate | 21 pence to \u00a35 | \u00a311 or more | 20%", + "All other machine types - higher rate | More than \u00a35 | Any | 25%", + "

    If your machine has more than one type of game, you pay the rate for the highest rated game on all takings from the machine.

    ", + "

    File your return

    ", + "

    You must file a Machine Games Duty (MGD) return every 3 months.

    ", + "

    Your return is due within 30 days of the end of the accounting period. You\u2019ll get a reminder if you included your email address when you registered online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • records of your total net takings from machine games
    • ", + "
  • details of how you worked out the figures
    • ", + "

    You still fill in a return even if you do not owe anything, or your business has not traded during this accounting period. This can be for any reason, including if you\u2019ve closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Enter \u20180\u2019 in all boxes.

    ", + "

    File your return

    ", + "

    If you chose to file using paper forms

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you paper forms when your return is due. If you do not receive them, contact the helpline.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve filed your return

    ", + "

    Pay your Machine Games Duty bill within 30 days of the end of your accounting period.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a penalty if your return or payment is late. HMRC can also charge you an estimate of what you owe.

    ", + "

    Change your details

    ", + "

    Sign in to the Machine Games Duty (MGD) service to:

    ", + "
  • change your contact address or other details
    • ", + "
  • cancel your registration if you\u2019ve stopped trading, no longer have machine games or want to be registered as part of a group of companies
    • ", + "
  • add, change or remove an authorised agent to file returns for you
    • ", + "

    You can also contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by phone or post. You\u2019ll need to tell them your registration number.

    ", + "

    Switch to file online instead of sending paper returns

    ", + "

    If you already have an HMRC online account, sign in to add the MGD service.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, register for an HMRC account and sign up for MGD.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/pay-machine-games-duty": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-machine-games-duty", + "title": "Pay Machine Games Duty", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must file your Machine Games Duty (MGD) return and make your payment within 30 days of the end of your accounting period. An accounting period is 3 months unless you\u2019ve arranged with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to use a different accounting period.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure you file your return and your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments, debit card or credit card).\n\nPay now\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HMRC by the deadline. You may have to pay a penalty and interest if you pay late.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same day or next day\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- By debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- At your bank or building society\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- Bacs\n\n- By cheque through the post\n\n- Direct Debit - if you\u2019re making a single payment and you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit - if you\u2019re making a single payment and you have not set up one for HMRC before\n\n## 10 working days before you file your first return\n\n- Direct Debit - if you\u2019re setting up an automatic payment (known as a \u2018variable payment plan\u2019)\n\n## Penalties for late returns\n\nYou\u2019ll get a penalty if you miss the deadline for filing returns.\n\n| When the penalty is applied | Penalty |\n\n| 1 day after deadline | Between \u00a3100 and \u00a3400, depending on how many late returns you\u2019ve previously filed |\n\n| 6 months after deadline | \u00a3300 or 5% of the MGD due (whichever is higher) |\n\n| 12 months after deadline | \u00a3300 or 5% of the MGD due (whichever is higher) |\n\n## If you disagree with a penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve been given a penalty and you think it\u2019s wrong, you can appeal to HMRC.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nMake your payment to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 account.\n\n| Account name | Sort code | Account number |\n\n| HMRC Shipley | 08 32 10 | 12001020 |\n\n## Use your reference number\n\nYour payment reference is your 14-character Machine Games Duty (MGD) registration number.\n\nYou\u2019ll find it on:\n\n- your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account\n\n- the MGD Registration Certificate HMRC sent you\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nYou can only pay by Direct Debit if you\u2019ve registered for Machine Games Duty (MGD) online.\n\nUse your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to set up a Direct Debit.\n\nYou can set up:\n\n- a single payment each time you file your return\n\n- automatic payment of the duty shown on your return (known as a \u2018variable payment plan\u2019)\n\n## Single payment\n\nYou can make a single one-off payment by Direct Debit online.\n\nIt takes 5 working days to process a Direct Debit payment the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\n## Variable payment plan\n\nYou can set up regular automatic Direct Debit payments online only. Choose a \u2018variable payment plan\u2019 when setting up your Direct Debit.\n\nIt takes at least 10 working days to process a payment when you first set it up. Make sure your payment will reach HMRC before the deadline.\n\nYour payment will then be taken automatically every time it\u2019s due.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to cancel your Direct Debit if you want to change to a different payment method.\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nUse your 14-character Machine Games Duty (MGD) registration number as your \u2018charge reference\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll find it on:\n\n- your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account\n\n- the MGD Registration Certificate HMRC sent you\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your Machine Games Duty bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can only pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) at your bank or building society if you file a paper MGD return.\n\nUse the payslip HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your MGD reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (if you pay it from Monday to Friday) and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\nPay online if you want to pay by debit or credit card.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your Machine Games Duty (MGD) reference number on the back of the cheque.\n\nYou\u2019ll find your MGD reference number on either:\n\n- the payslip HMRC sent you if you file a paper return\n\n- your HMRC online account if you file your return online\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nIf you file a paper return, send your payslip with your cheque.\n\nIf you file online, send a letter including:\n\n- your name, address and telephone number\n\n- your MGD registration number\n\n- the amount you\u2019re paying\n\nDo not fold or staple your cheque.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nView your HMRC online account to see if your payment has been received - it should update within 6 working days.\n\n## Tell HMRC no duty is due\n\nYou must still file your return even if you calculate that you do not owe any Machine Games Duty (MGD). You may have to pay a penalty if you do not.\n\nIf you owe a negative amount (you\u2019ve paid out more in winnings than you\u2019ve taken in playing charges), it\u2019ll be carried over to your next return and subtracted from the amount of MGD due.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must file your Machine Games Duty (MGD) return and make your payment within 30 days of the end of your accounting period. An accounting period is 3 months unless you\u2019ve arranged with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to use a different accounting period.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure you file your return and your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments, debit card or credit card).

    ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay HMRC by the deadline. You may have to pay a penalty and interest if you pay late.

    ", + "

    The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Same day or next day

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • By debit or corporate credit card online
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • At your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • By cheque through the post
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit - if you\u2019re making a single payment and you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit - if you\u2019re making a single payment and you have not set up one for HMRC before
    • ", + "

    10 working days before you file your first return

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit - if you\u2019re setting up an automatic payment (known as a \u2018variable payment plan\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Penalties for late returns

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a penalty if you miss the deadline for filing returns.

    ", + "When the penalty is applied | Penalty", + "1 day after deadline | Between \u00a3100 and \u00a3400, depending on how many late returns you\u2019ve previously filed", + "6 months after deadline | \u00a3300 or 5% of the MGD due (whichever is higher)", + "12 months after deadline | \u00a3300 or 5% of the MGD due (whichever is higher)", + "

    If you disagree with a penalty

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given a penalty and you think it\u2019s wrong, you can appeal to HMRC.

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    Make your payment to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 account.

    ", + "Account name | Sort code | Account number", + "HMRC Shipley | 08 32 10 | 12001020", + "

    Use your reference number

    ", + "

    Your payment reference is your 14-character Machine Games Duty (MGD) registration number.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find it on:

    ", + "
  • your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account
    • ", + "
  • the MGD Registration Certificate HMRC sent you
    • ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    You can only pay by Direct Debit if you\u2019ve registered for Machine Games Duty (MGD) online.

    ", + "

    Use your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to set up a Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    You can set up:

    ", + "
  • a single payment each time you file your return
    • ", + "
  • automatic payment of the duty shown on your return (known as a \u2018variable payment plan\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Single payment

    ", + "

    You can make a single one-off payment by Direct Debit online.

    ", + "

    It takes 5 working days to process a Direct Debit payment the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    ", + "

    Variable payment plan

    ", + "

    You can set up regular automatic Direct Debit payments online only. Choose a \u2018variable payment plan\u2019 when setting up your Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    It takes at least 10 working days to process a payment when you first set it up. Make sure your payment will reach HMRC before the deadline.

    ", + "

    Your payment will then be taken automatically every time it\u2019s due.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to cancel your Direct Debit if you want to change to a different payment method.

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    Use your 14-character Machine Games Duty (MGD) registration number as your \u2018charge reference\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find it on:

    ", + "
  • your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account
    • ", + "
  • the MGD Registration Certificate HMRC sent you
    • ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your Machine Games Duty bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You can only pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) at your bank or building society if you file a paper MGD return.

    ", + "

    Use the payslip HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your MGD reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (if you pay it from Monday to Friday) and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    Pay online if you want to pay by debit or credit card.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your Machine Games Duty (MGD) reference number on the back of the cheque.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find your MGD reference number on either:

    ", + "
  • the payslip HMRC sent you if you file a paper return
    • ", + "
  • your HMRC online account if you file your return online
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.

    ", + "

    If you file a paper return, send your payslip with your cheque.

    ", + "

    If you file online, send a letter including:

    ", + "
  • your name, address and telephone number
    • ", + "
  • your MGD registration number
    • ", + "
  • the amount you\u2019re paying
    • ", + "

    Do not fold or staple your cheque.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    View your HMRC online account to see if your payment has been received - it should update within 6 working days.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC no duty is due

    ", + "

    You must still file your return even if you calculate that you do not owe any Machine Games Duty (MGD). You may have to pay a penalty if you do not.

    ", + "

    If you owe a negative amount (you\u2019ve paid out more in winnings than you\u2019ve taken in playing charges), it\u2019ll be carried over to your next return and subtracted from the amount of MGD due.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/pay-construction-industry-scheme-cis-late-filing-penalty": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-construction-industry-scheme-cis-late-filing-penalty", + "title": "Pay a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) late filing penalty", + "content": "## Overview\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a late filing penalty notice telling you how much to pay if you\u2019ve filed your monthly return late.\n\nYou must pay within 30 days of receiving the notice, or you can appeal:\n\n- through HMRC\u2019s online service\n\n- by writing to HMRC - quote your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) and the payment reference shown on the notice\n\nPay now\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay by the deadline. The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- online by debit or corporate credit card\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- Bacs\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set up one for HMRC before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use the 14-character Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) late filing penalty reference number from your late filing penalty notice. This number always starts with an X.\n\nDo not use your Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nYou\u2019ll need the 14-character Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) late filing penalty reference number from your late filing penalty notice. This number always starts with an X.\n\nDo not use your Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches their account.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your late filing penalty in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nUse the payslip HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent with your late filing penalty notice.\n\nDo not use a payslip from your payment booklet because your payment will be credited to the wrong account and you may receive reminders to pay.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 14-character Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) late filing penalty reference number on the back of your cheque. You will find the reference number on your penalty notice. It always starts with an X.\n\nDo not use your Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it and not the date it reaches their account.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nYou\u2019ll need to set up a new Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment.\n\nYou cannot use your existing Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) monthly or quarterly Direct Debit.\n\nYou\u2019ll need the 14-character CIS late filing penalty reference number from your late filing penalty notice. This number always starts with an X.\n\nDo not use your Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\n## How much time to allow\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 14-character Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) late filing penalty reference number on the back of the cheque. This always starts with the letter \u2018X\u2019. Do not use your Accounts Office reference number.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nInclude the payslip HMRC sent you with the late filing penalty notice. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYou can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.\n\n## If you do not have a payslip\n\nSend your cheque with a letter with these details:\n\n- company name\n\n- address\n\n- telephone number\n\n- penalty reference number\n\n- how much you\u2019re paying\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nYou can check your bank or building society statement to confirm the payment has left your account.\n\nIf paying by cheque through the post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a late filing penalty notice telling you how much to pay if you\u2019ve filed your monthly return late.

    ", + "

    You must pay within 30 days of receiving the notice, or you can appeal:

    ", + "
  • through HMRC\u2019s online service
    • ", + "
  • by writing to HMRC - quote your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) and the payment reference shown on the notice
    • ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay by the deadline. The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Same or next day

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • online by debit or corporate credit card
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)
    • ", + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set up one for HMRC before)
    • ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    You can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use the 14-character Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) late filing penalty reference number from your late filing penalty notice. This number always starts with an X.

    ", + "

    Do not use your Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the 14-character Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) late filing penalty reference number from your late filing penalty notice. This number always starts with an X.

    ", + "

    Do not use your Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches their account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your late filing penalty in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    Use the payslip HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent with your late filing penalty notice.

    ", + "

    Do not use a payslip from your payment booklet because your payment will be credited to the wrong account and you may receive reminders to pay.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 14-character Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) late filing penalty reference number on the back of your cheque. You will find the reference number on your penalty notice. It always starts with an X.

    ", + "

    Do not use your Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it and not the date it reaches their account.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to set up a new Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment.

    ", + "

    You cannot use your existing Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) monthly or quarterly Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the 14-character CIS late filing penalty reference number from your late filing penalty notice. This number always starts with an X.

    ", + "

    Do not use your Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    How much time to allow

    ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 14-character Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) late filing penalty reference number on the back of the cheque. This always starts with the letter \u2018X\u2019. Do not use your Accounts Office reference number.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.

    ", + "

    Include the payslip HMRC sent you with the late filing penalty notice. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.

    ", + "

    You can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a payslip

    ", + "

    Send your cheque with a letter with these details:

    ", + "
  • company name
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • telephone number
    • ", + "
  • penalty reference number
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019re paying
    • ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    You can check your bank or building society statement to confirm the payment has left your account.

    ", + "

    If paying by cheque through the post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/pay-corporation-tax": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-corporation-tax", + "title": "Pay your Corporation Tax bill", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe deadline for your payment will depend on your taxable profits.\n\n## Taxable profits of up to \u00a31.5 million\n\nYou must pay your Corporation Tax 9 months and 1 day after the end of your accounting period. Your accounting period is usually your financial year, but you may have 2 accounting periods in the year you set up your company.\n\n## Taxable profits of more than \u00a31.5 million\n\nYou must pay your Corporation Tax in instalments.\n\nCheck the rules and deadlines:\n\n- if your taxable profits are between \u00a31.5 million and \u00a320 million\n\n- if your taxable profits are more than \u00a320 million\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. They may charge you interest if you do not pay on time. They\u2019ll pay you interest if you pay your tax early.\n\nPay now\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same day or next day\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- through your online bank account\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- Bacs\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up before)\n\n- online by debit or corporate credit card\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set one up before)\n\nYou cannot pay Corporation Tax by post.\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## Make an online or telephone bank transfer\n\nYou can pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\nThe back of your payslip, sent to you by HMRC, tells you which account to use. If you\u2019re not sure, use Cumbernauld.\n\n| | Sort code | Account number |\n\n| HMRC Cumbernauld | 083210 | 12001039 |\n\n| HMRC Shipley | 083210 | 12001020 |\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse your 17-character Corporation Tax payslip reference for the accounting period you\u2019re paying.\n\nYou\u2019ll find the payslip reference:\n\n- on any payslip that HMRC sent you\n\n- through your company\u2019s HMRC online account - choose \u2018View account\u2019 then \u2018Accounting period\u2019\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas accounts\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| | Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) |\n\n| HMRC Cumbernauld | GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22 |\n\n| HMRC Shipley | GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 |\n\n## Multiple payments by CHAPS\n\nSend an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single payment to cover more than one company for the same accounting period.\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## Approve a payment through your online bank account\n\nYou can pay your Corporation Tax bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.\n\nWhen you\u2019re ready to pay, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your Corporation Tax payment.\n\nThe payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay with a personal credit card.\n\nUse your 17-character Corporation Tax payslip reference for the accounting period you\u2019re paying.\n\nYou\u2019ll find the payslip reference:\n\n- on any payslip that HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you\n\n- through your company\u2019s HMRC online account - choose \u2018View account\u2019 then \u2018Accounting period\u2019\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your Corporation Tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use the payslip that HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sends you.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 17-character Corporation Tax payslip reference number on the back of your cheque\nfor the accounting period you\u2019re paying. You can find the reference number on the payslip sent to you by HMRC.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.\n\n## If you do not have a payslip\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay by another method instead, for example:\n\n- debit or credit card online\n\n- online or telephone banking\n\n- Direct Debit\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up and make changes to a Direct Debit through your company\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account.\n\nUse your 17-character Corporation Tax payslip reference for the accounting period you\u2019re paying.\n\nYou can find the payslip reference:\n\n- on the payslip that HMRC sent you\n\n- through your company\u2019s HMRC online account - choose \u2018View account\u2019 then \u2018Accounting period\u2019\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up.\n\nIt should take 3 working days each time you pay once you\u2019ve already authorised a Direct Debit from HMRC.\n\nPayments will appear on your bank statements as \u2018HMRC NDDS\u2019.\n\n## Payments for a group of companies\n\nIf your company is in a group, you can pay Corporation Tax under a Group Payment Arrangement. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to tell you the correct payslip reference.\n\n## Tell HMRC no payment is due\n\nTell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have nothing to pay. HMRC will send you payment reminders if you do not.\n\nYou can tell HMRC by either:\n\n- filling in the \u2018nil to pay\u2019 form\n\n- sending back the payslip on the reminder HMRC sends you, marked \u2018NIL due\u2019\n\nYou must still file your company tax return.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nCheck your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to see if your payment has been received. It should be updated within a few days of HMRC receiving the payment.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The deadline for your payment will depend on your taxable profits.

    ", + "

    Taxable profits of up to \u00a31.5 million

    ", + "

    You must pay your Corporation Tax 9 months and 1 day after the end of your accounting period. Your accounting period is usually your financial year, but you may have 2 accounting periods in the year you set up your company.

    ", + "

    Taxable profits of more than \u00a31.5 million

    ", + "

    You must pay your Corporation Tax in instalments.

    ", + "

    Check the rules and deadlines:

    ", + "
  • if your taxable profits are between \u00a31.5 million and \u00a320 million
    • ", + "
  • if your taxable profits are more than \u00a320 million
    • ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. They may charge you interest if you do not pay on time. They\u2019ll pay you interest if you pay your tax early.

    ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Same day or next day

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • through your online bank account
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up before)
    • ", + "
  • online by debit or corporate credit card
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set one up before)
    • ", + "

    You cannot pay Corporation Tax by post.

    ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    Make an online or telephone bank transfer

    ", + "

    You can pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.

    ", + "

    The back of your payslip, sent to you by HMRC, tells you which account to use. If you\u2019re not sure, use Cumbernauld.

    ", + " | Sort code | Account number", + "HMRC Cumbernauld | 083210 | 12001039", + "HMRC Shipley | 083210 | 12001020", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    Use your 17-character Corporation Tax payslip reference for the accounting period you\u2019re paying.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find the payslip reference:

    ", + "
  • on any payslip that HMRC sent you
    • ", + "
  • through your company\u2019s HMRC online account - choose \u2018View account\u2019 then \u2018Accounting period\u2019
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas accounts

    ", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account.

    ", + " | Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC)", + "HMRC Cumbernauld | GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22", + "HMRC Shipley | GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22", + "

    Multiple payments by CHAPS

    ", + "

    Send an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single payment to cover more than one company for the same accounting period.

    ", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    Approve a payment through your online bank account

    ", + "

    You can pay your Corporation Tax bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re ready to pay, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your Corporation Tax payment.

    ", + "

    The payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay with a personal credit card.

    ", + "

    Use your 17-character Corporation Tax payslip reference for the accounting period you\u2019re paying.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find the payslip reference:

    ", + "
  • on any payslip that HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you
    • ", + "
  • through your company\u2019s HMRC online account - choose \u2018View account\u2019 then \u2018Accounting period\u2019
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your Corporation Tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use the payslip that HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sends you.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 17-character Corporation Tax payslip reference number on the back of your cheque\nfor the accounting period you\u2019re paying. You can find the reference number on the payslip sent to you by HMRC.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a payslip

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay by another method instead, for example:

    ", + "
  • debit or credit card online
    • ", + "
  • online or telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit
    • ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Set up and make changes to a Direct Debit through your company\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account.

    ", + "

    Use your 17-character Corporation Tax payslip reference for the accounting period you\u2019re paying.

    ", + "

    You can find the payslip reference:

    ", + "
  • on the payslip that HMRC sent you
    • ", + "
  • through your company\u2019s HMRC online account - choose \u2018View account\u2019 then \u2018Accounting period\u2019
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up.

    ", + "

    It should take 3 working days each time you pay once you\u2019ve already authorised a Direct Debit from HMRC.

    ", + "

    Payments will appear on your bank statements as \u2018HMRC NDDS\u2019.

    ", + "

    Payments for a group of companies

    ", + "

    If your company is in a group, you can pay Corporation Tax under a Group Payment Arrangement. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to tell you the correct payslip reference.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC no payment is due

    ", + "

    Tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have nothing to pay. HMRC will send you payment reminders if you do not.

    ", + "

    You can tell HMRC by either:

    ", + "
  • filling in the \u2018nil to pay\u2019 form
    • ", + "
  • sending back the payslip on the reminder HMRC sends you, marked \u2018NIL due\u2019
    • ", + "

    You must still file your company tax return.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    Check your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to see if your payment has been received. It should be updated within a few days of HMRC receiving the payment.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/pay-vat": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-vat", + "title": "Pay your VAT bill", + "content": "## Overview\n\nBefore you pay your VAT bill, make sure your deadline has not passed. Your deadline will be shown on your VAT return.\n\nThere are different deadlines if you use:\n\n- the Annual Accounting Scheme\n\n- payments on account\n\nPay now\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to pay a VAT Mini One Stop Shop (VAT MOSS) bill.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure your payment will reach HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account by the deadline. You may have to pay a surcharge if you do not pay on time.\n\nYou can use the VAT payment deadline calculator to work out how much time to allow.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- Direct Debit\n\n- Bacs\n\n- standing order (only for businesses using the Annual Accounting Scheme or Payments on Account)\n\n- online by debit or corporate credit card\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, your payment must arrive in HMRC\u2019s bank account on the last working day before it (unless you pay by Faster Payments).\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nUse your VAT online account to set up a Direct Debit.\n\nSet up the Direct Debit at least 3 working days before you submit your online VAT return, otherwise the payment will not be taken from your bank account in time.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve set up the Direct Debit, payments will be collected automatically from your bank account 3 working days after the payment deadline on your VAT return.\n\nIf you file your VAT return late, your payment will be taken 3 days after you file the return.\n\nYou cannot pay by Direct Debit if you have a \u2018payments on account\u2019 arrangement.\n\n## If you\u2019ve signed up to Making Tax Digital\n\nBusinesses that have signed up for Making Tax Digital and usually pay VAT by Direct Debit do not need to set up a new one.\n\nHMRC will transfer your Direct Debit to the new system.\n\n## If you use the Annual Accounting Scheme\n\nBusinesses that use the Annual Accounting Scheme can only set up an automatic Direct Debit online for balancing payments.\n\nYou can set up a Direct Debit for regular payments using form VAT 623.\n\n## Getting VAT repayments\n\nThe bank account details you use to set up your Direct Debit will not be used for VAT repayments.\n\nTo get VAT repayments paid into your bank account, update the registration details in your VAT online account. Otherwise HMRC will send you a cheque.\n\n## Make an online or telephone bank transfer\n\nYou can pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 00 | 11963155 | HMRC VAT |\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need your 9-digit VAT registration number to make a payment.\n\nFind your registration number:\n\n- in your VAT online account\n\n- on your VAT registration certificate\n\nDo not put any spaces between the digits when paying your VAT bill.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB36BARC20051773152391 | BARCGB22 | HMRC VAT |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your 9-digit VAT registration number to make a payment.\n\nFind your registration number:\n\n- in your VAT online account\n\n- on your VAT registration certificate\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 bank account.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your VAT bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou\u2019ll need to order paying-in slips online or by phone from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) before you can pay this way. It can take up to 6 weeks for them to arrive.\n\nUse the paying-in slips to pay at your own bank or building society by cash or cheque. Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 9-digit VAT registration number on the back of your cheque. You will find your registration number:\n\n- in your VAT online account\n\n- on your VAT registration certificate\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 bank account.\n\n## Standing order\n\nBusinesses using the Annual Accounting Scheme or making payments on account can pay a VAT bill by standing order. Standing orders take 3 working days to reach HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account.\n\n## Annual Accounting Scheme\n\nAsk to pay by standing order on your application form for the Annual Accounting Scheme.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve received a letter from HMRC accepting your application, set up a standing order using either:\n\n- form VAT 622\n\n- online or telephone banking\n\n## Payments on account\n\nSet up a standing order using either:\n\n- form VAT 622\n\n- online or telephone banking\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nView your VAT online account to see if your payment has been received - it should update within 48 hours.\n\n## Pay your UK VAT MOSS bill\n\nThe UK VAT Mini One Stop Shop (VAT MOSS) scheme closes on 10 January 2021.\n\nYou must send your final UK VAT MOSS return and payment by 20 January 2021. You will not be able to submit a return after 31 January 2021.\n\nIf you sell digital services to customers in the EU you must either register for VAT MOSS in an EU country, or pay VAT in each country you supply to. Find out about registering for VAT in EU countries.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nBusinesses that are VAT registered in the UK can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to the Union VAT MOSS account. Businesses outside the EU should use the Non-Union VAT MOSS account.\n\nUse the payment reference HMRC sent you when you submitted your VAT MOSS Return. You can also find it by logging in to your online account and checking the confirmation message.\n\n## Union VAT MOSS account details\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 00 | 12001047 | HMRC VAT ON E |\n\nYou cannot combine your VAT MOSS payment with your normal UK VAT Return payment, because it goes to a different bank account.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Non-Union VAT MOSS account details\n\nUse the Non-Union VAT MOSS bank details if your business is based outside the EU.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB34BARC20051710753491 | BARCGB22 | HMRC VAT ON E |\n\nTo avoid underpaying HMRC because of bank charges, ask your bank to use the code \u2018OUR\u2019 in the \u2018Detail of charge\u2019 field when they process your payment.\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address for Non-Union VAT MOSS payments is:", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Before you pay your VAT bill, make sure your deadline has not passed. Your deadline will be shown on your VAT return.

    ", + "

    There are different deadlines if you use:

    ", + "
  • the Annual Accounting Scheme
    • ", + "
  • payments on account
    • ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to pay a VAT Mini One Stop Shop (VAT MOSS) bill.

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Make sure your payment will reach HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account by the deadline. You may have to pay a surcharge if you do not pay on time.

    ", + "

    You can use the VAT payment deadline calculator to work out how much time to allow.

    ", + "

    Same or next day

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit
    • ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • standing order (only for businesses using the Annual Accounting Scheme or Payments on Account)
    • ", + "
  • online by debit or corporate credit card
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, your payment must arrive in HMRC\u2019s bank account on the last working day before it (unless you pay by Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Use your VAT online account to set up a Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Set up the Direct Debit at least 3 working days before you submit your online VAT return, otherwise the payment will not be taken from your bank account in time.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve set up the Direct Debit, payments will be collected automatically from your bank account 3 working days after the payment deadline on your VAT return.

    ", + "

    If you file your VAT return late, your payment will be taken 3 days after you file the return.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by Direct Debit if you have a \u2018payments on account\u2019 arrangement.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve signed up to Making Tax Digital

    ", + "

    Businesses that have signed up for Making Tax Digital and usually pay VAT by Direct Debit do not need to set up a new one.

    ", + "

    HMRC will transfer your Direct Debit to the new system.

    ", + "

    If you use the Annual Accounting Scheme

    ", + "

    Businesses that use the Annual Accounting Scheme can only set up an automatic Direct Debit online for balancing payments.

    ", + "

    You can set up a Direct Debit for regular payments using form VAT 623.

    ", + "

    Getting VAT repayments

    ", + "

    The bank account details you use to set up your Direct Debit will not be used for VAT repayments.

    ", + "

    To get VAT repayments paid into your bank account, update the registration details in your VAT online account. Otherwise HMRC will send you a cheque.

    ", + "

    Make an online or telephone bank transfer

    ", + "

    You can pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 00 | 11963155 | HMRC VAT", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your 9-digit VAT registration number to make a payment.

    ", + "

    Find your registration number:

    ", + "
  • in your VAT online account
    • ", + "
  • on your VAT registration certificate
    • ", + "

    Do not put any spaces between the digits when paying your VAT bill.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB36BARC20051773152391 | BARCGB22 | HMRC VAT", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your 9-digit VAT registration number to make a payment.

    ", + "

    Find your registration number:

    ", + "
  • in your VAT online account
    • ", + "
  • on your VAT registration certificate
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 bank account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your VAT bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to order paying-in slips online or by phone from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) before you can pay this way. It can take up to 6 weeks for them to arrive.

    ", + "

    Use the paying-in slips to pay at your own bank or building society by cash or cheque. Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 9-digit VAT registration number on the back of your cheque. You will find your registration number:

    ", + "
  • in your VAT online account
    • ", + "
  • on your VAT registration certificate
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 bank account.

    ", + "

    Standing order

    ", + "

    Businesses using the Annual Accounting Scheme or making payments on account can pay a VAT bill by standing order. Standing orders take 3 working days to reach HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account.

    ", + "

    Annual Accounting Scheme

    ", + "

    Ask to pay by standing order on your application form for the Annual Accounting Scheme.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve received a letter from HMRC accepting your application, set up a standing order using either:

    ", + "
  • form VAT 622
    • ", + "
  • online or telephone banking
    • ", + "

    Payments on account

    ", + "

    Set up a standing order using either:

    ", + "
  • form VAT 622
    • ", + "
  • online or telephone banking
    • ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    View your VAT online account to see if your payment has been received - it should update within 48 hours.

    ", + "

    Pay your UK VAT MOSS bill

    ", + "

    The UK VAT Mini One Stop Shop (VAT MOSS) scheme closes on 10 January 2021.

    ", + "

    You must send your final UK VAT MOSS return and payment by 20 January 2021. You will not be able to submit a return after 31 January 2021.

    ", + "

    If you sell digital services to customers in the EU you must either register for VAT MOSS in an EU country, or pay VAT in each country you supply to. Find out about registering for VAT in EU countries.

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Businesses that are VAT registered in the UK can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to the Union VAT MOSS account. Businesses outside the EU should use the Non-Union VAT MOSS account.

    ", + "

    Use the payment reference HMRC sent you when you submitted your VAT MOSS Return. You can also find it by logging in to your online account and checking the confirmation message.

    ", + "

    Union VAT MOSS account details

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 00 | 12001047 | HMRC VAT ON E", + "

    You cannot combine your VAT MOSS payment with your normal UK VAT Return payment, because it goes to a different bank account.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Non-Union VAT MOSS account details

    ", + "

    Use the Non-Union VAT MOSS bank details if your business is based outside the EU.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB34BARC20051710753491 | BARCGB22 | HMRC VAT ON E", + "

    To avoid underpaying HMRC because of bank charges, ask your bank to use the code \u2018OUR\u2019 in the \u2018Detail of charge\u2019 field when they process your payment.

    ", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address for Non-Union VAT MOSS payments is:

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/reclaim-vat": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reclaim-vat", + "title": "Reclaiming VAT", + "content": "## What you can and cannot reclaim\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT paid on goods and services purchased for use in your business.\n\nIf a purchase is also for personal or private use, you can only reclaim the business proportion of the VAT.\n\nYou must keep records to support your claim and show how you arrived at the business proportion for a purchase. You must also have valid VAT invoices.\n\nFrom 1 April 2019, most businesses will need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.\n\n## What you cannot reclaim\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT for:\n\n- anything that\u2019s only for private use\n\n- goods and services your business uses to make VAT-exempt supplies\n\n- business entertainment costs\n\n- goods sold to you under one of the VAT second-hand margin schemes\n\n- business assets that are transferred to you as a going concern\n\n## Purchases before registration\n\nYou may be able to reclaim VAT paid on goods or services bought before you registered for VAT if the purchases were made within certain time limits.\n\n## Partly exempt businesses\n\nYou need to make separate calculations for purchases that relate to both VAT-exempt and taxable supplies, such as phone bills or accountancy fees.\n\n## Business assets of \u00a350,000 and more\n\nThere are special rules for reclaiming VAT for:\n\n- individual computers and single pieces of computer equipment costing \u00a350,000 or more before VAT\n\n- aircraft, ships and boats costing \u00a350,000 or more before VAT\n\n- land and buildings costing \u00a3250,000 or more before VAT\n\nYou may need to adjust the amount of VAT you reclaim over several years using the Capital Goods Scheme.\n\n## How your VAT refund is repaid\n\nClaim your refund by submitting a VAT Return.\n\nYou need to give your account details to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - even if you\u2019ve already set up a Direct Debit for VAT Returns. Add or change them by going to the registration details in your VAT online account.\n\nYou can also use your online account to view any refund you\u2019re owed, unless you\u2019ve signed up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.\n\nYou will usually get your refund within 10 days of HMRC receiving your return but it may take longer. Only contact HMRC if you have not heard anything after 30 days.\n\n## Vehicles and fuel costs\n\n## Buying a new car\n\nYou may be able to reclaim all the VAT on a new car if you use it only for business.\n\nThe car must not be available for private use, and you must be able to show that it is not, for example it\u2019s specified in your employee\u2019s contract.\n\n\u2018Private use\u2019 includes travelling between home and work, unless it\u2019s a temporary place of work.\n\nYou may also be able to claim all the VAT on a new car if it\u2019s mainly used:\n\n- as a taxi\n\n- for driving instruction\n\n- for self-drive hire\n\n## Leasing a car\n\nIf you lease a car, you can usually claim 50% of the VAT. You may be able to reclaim all the VAT if the car is used only for business and is not available for private use, or is mainly used:\n\n- as a taxi\n\n- for driving instruction\n\n## Self-drive hire cars\n\nIf you hire a car to replace a company car that\u2019s off the road, you can usually claim 50% of the VAT on the hire charge.\n\nIf you hire a car for another reason (for example you do not have a company car), you can reclaim all the VAT if all the following apply:\n\n- you hire it for no more than 10 days\n\n- it\u2019s used only for business\n\n- it\u2019s not available for private use\n\n## Commercial vehicles\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT for buying a commercial vehicle (like a van, lorry or tractor) if you only use it for business.\n\nIf they\u2019re used only for business, you can also reclaim VAT on:\n\n- motorcycles\n\n- motorhomes and motor caravans\n\n- vans with rear seats (combi vans)\n\n- car-derived vans\n\n## Fuel costs\n\nThere are different ways of reclaiming VAT on fuel, if you do not pay a fixed rate under the Flat Rate Scheme.\n\nYou can reclaim all the VAT on fuel if your vehicle is used only for business. There are 3 ways of handling VAT if you use the vehicle for both business and private purposes. You can:\n\n- reclaim all the VAT and pay the right fuel scale charge for your vehicle\n\n- only reclaim the VAT on fuel you use for business trips - you\u2019ll have to keep detailed mileage records\n\n- choose not to reclaim any VAT, eg if your business mileage is so low that the fuel scale charge would be higher than the VAT you can reclaim\n\nIf you choose not to reclaim VAT on fuel for one vehicle you cannot reclaim VAT on any fuel for vehicles used by your business.\n\n## Additional costs\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT for:\n\n- all business-related running and maintenance costs, such as repairs or off-street parking\n\n- any accessories you\u2019ve fitted for business use\n\nYou can do this even if you cannot reclaim VAT on the vehicle itself.\n\n## Used vehicles\n\nThe sales invoice for your used vehicle must show the VAT. You cannot reclaim if it does not, for example if the seller uses the VAT margin scheme.\n\n## Staff travel\n\nYou can reclaim VAT on employee travel expenses for business trips, including meals and accommodation that you pay for.\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT if you pay your employees a flat rate for expenses.\n\nThere are special rules for motoring expenses.\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT on entertainment costs.\n\n## Who counts as an employee\n\nThe following people count as employees for VAT reclaims:\n\n- someone directly employed by you (not through an agency)\n\n- directors, partners, any other managers\n\n- self-employed people who are treated as employees (you cannot reclaim on travel expenses for this group)\n\n- helpers or stewards who help run events\n\nThe following people do not count as employees for VAT reclaims:\n\n- shareholders who are not employed by the business\n\n- pensioners and former employees\n\n- someone applying for a job, for example interviewees", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What you can and cannot reclaim

    ", + "

    You can usually reclaim the VAT paid on goods and services purchased for use in your business.

    ", + "

    If a purchase is also for personal or private use, you can only reclaim the business proportion of the VAT.

    ", + "

    You must keep records to support your claim and show how you arrived at the business proportion for a purchase. You must also have valid VAT invoices.

    ", + "

    From 1 April 2019, most businesses will need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.

    ", + "

    What you cannot reclaim

    ", + "

    You cannot reclaim VAT for:

    ", + "
  • anything that\u2019s only for private use
    • ", + "
  • goods and services your business uses to make VAT-exempt supplies
    • ", + "
  • business entertainment costs
    • ", + "
  • goods sold to you under one of the VAT second-hand margin schemes
    • ", + "
  • business assets that are transferred to you as a going concern
    • ", + "

    Purchases before registration

    ", + "

    You may be able to reclaim VAT paid on goods or services bought before you registered for VAT if the purchases were made within certain time limits.

    ", + "

    Partly exempt businesses

    ", + "

    You need to make separate calculations for purchases that relate to both VAT-exempt and taxable supplies, such as phone bills or accountancy fees.

    ", + "

    Business assets of \u00a350,000 and more

    ", + "

    There are special rules for reclaiming VAT for:

    ", + "
  • individual computers and single pieces of computer equipment costing \u00a350,000 or more before VAT
    • ", + "
  • aircraft, ships and boats costing \u00a350,000 or more before VAT
    • ", + "
  • land and buildings costing \u00a3250,000 or more before VAT
    • ", + "

    You may need to adjust the amount of VAT you reclaim over several years using the Capital Goods Scheme.

    ", + "

    How your VAT refund is repaid

    ", + "

    Claim your refund by submitting a VAT Return.

    ", + "

    You need to give your account details to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - even if you\u2019ve already set up a Direct Debit for VAT Returns. Add or change them by going to the registration details in your VAT online account.

    ", + "

    You can also use your online account to view any refund you\u2019re owed, unless you\u2019ve signed up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.

    ", + "

    You will usually get your refund within 10 days of HMRC receiving your return but it may take longer. Only contact HMRC if you have not heard anything after 30 days.

    ", + "

    Vehicles and fuel costs

    ", + "

    Buying a new car

    ", + "

    You may be able to reclaim all the VAT on a new car if you use it only for business.

    ", + "

    The car must not be available for private use, and you must be able to show that it is not, for example it\u2019s specified in your employee\u2019s contract.

    ", + "

    \u2018Private use\u2019 includes travelling between home and work, unless it\u2019s a temporary place of work.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to claim all the VAT on a new car if it\u2019s mainly used:

    ", + "
  • as a taxi
    • ", + "
  • for driving instruction
    • ", + "
  • for self-drive hire
    • ", + "

    Leasing a car

    ", + "

    If you lease a car, you can usually claim 50% of the VAT. You may be able to reclaim all the VAT if the car is used only for business and is not available for private use, or is mainly used:

    ", + "
  • as a taxi
    • ", + "
  • for driving instruction
    • ", + "

    Self-drive hire cars

    ", + "

    If you hire a car to replace a company car that\u2019s off the road, you can usually claim 50% of the VAT on the hire charge.

    ", + "

    If you hire a car for another reason (for example you do not have a company car), you can reclaim all the VAT if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you hire it for no more than 10 days
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s used only for business
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s not available for private use
    • ", + "

    Commercial vehicles

    ", + "

    You can usually reclaim the VAT for buying a commercial vehicle (like a van, lorry or tractor) if you only use it for business.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re used only for business, you can also reclaim VAT on:

    ", + "
  • motorcycles
    • ", + "
  • motorhomes and motor caravans
    • ", + "
  • vans with rear seats (combi vans)
    • ", + "
  • car-derived vans
    • ", + "

    Fuel costs

    ", + "

    There are different ways of reclaiming VAT on fuel, if you do not pay a fixed rate under the Flat Rate Scheme.

    ", + "

    You can reclaim all the VAT on fuel if your vehicle is used only for business. There are 3 ways of handling VAT if you use the vehicle for both business and private purposes. You can:

    ", + "
  • reclaim all the VAT and pay the right fuel scale charge for your vehicle
    • ", + "
  • only reclaim the VAT on fuel you use for business trips - you\u2019ll have to keep detailed mileage records
    • ", + "
  • choose not to reclaim any VAT, eg if your business mileage is so low that the fuel scale charge would be higher than the VAT you can reclaim
    • ", + "

    If you choose not to reclaim VAT on fuel for one vehicle you cannot reclaim VAT on any fuel for vehicles used by your business.

    ", + "

    Additional costs

    ", + "

    You can usually reclaim the VAT for:

    ", + "
  • all business-related running and maintenance costs, such as repairs or off-street parking
    • ", + "
  • any accessories you\u2019ve fitted for business use
    • ", + "

    You can do this even if you cannot reclaim VAT on the vehicle itself.

    ", + "

    Used vehicles

    ", + "

    The sales invoice for your used vehicle must show the VAT. You cannot reclaim if it does not, for example if the seller uses the VAT margin scheme.

    ", + "

    Staff travel

    ", + "

    You can reclaim VAT on employee travel expenses for business trips, including meals and accommodation that you pay for.

    ", + "

    You cannot reclaim VAT if you pay your employees a flat rate for expenses.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for motoring expenses.

    ", + "

    You cannot reclaim VAT on entertainment costs.

    ", + "

    Who counts as an employee

    ", + "

    The following people count as employees for VAT reclaims:

    ", + "
  • someone directly employed by you (not through an agency)
    • ", + "
  • directors, partners, any other managers
    • ", + "
  • self-employed people who are treated as employees (you cannot reclaim on travel expenses for this group)
    • ", + "
  • helpers or stewards who help run events
    • ", + "

    The following people do not count as employees for VAT reclaims:

    ", + "
  • shareholders who are not employed by the business
    • ", + "
  • pensioners and former employees
    • ", + "
  • someone applying for a job, for example interviewees
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "title": "Simplified expenses if you're self-employed", + "content": "## Overview\n\nSimplified expenses are a way of calculating some of your business expenses using flat rates instead of working out your actual business costs.\n\nYou do not have to use simplified expenses. You can decide if it suits your business.\n\n## Who can use simplified expenses\n\nSimplified expenses can be used by:\n\n- sole traders\n\n- business partnerships that have no companies as partners\n\nSimplified expenses cannot be used by limited companies or business partnerships involving a limited company.\n\n## Types of expenses\n\nYou can use flat rates for:\n\n- business costs for some vehicles\n\n- working from home\n\n- living in your business premises\n\nYou must calculate all other expenses by working out the actual costs.\n\n## How to use simplified expenses\n\n- Keep records your business miles for vehicles, hours you work at home and how many people live at your business premises over the year.\n\n- At the end of the tax year use the flat rates for vehicle mileage, working from home, and living at your business premises to work out your expenses.\n\n- Include these amounts in the total for your expenses in your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs. This will help you work out if simplified expenses suits your business.\n\n## Vehicles\n\nCalculate your vehicle expenses using a flat rate for mileage instead of the actual costs of buying and running your vehicle, for example insurance, repairs, servicing, fuel.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses for:\n\n- cars (except cars designed for commercial use, for example black cabs or dual control driving instructors\u2019 cars)\n\n- goods vehicles (for example, vans)\n\n- motorcycles\n\nYou cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.\n\n| Vehicle | Flat rate per mile with simplified expenses |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles first 10,000 miles | 45p |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles after 10,000 miles | 25p |\n\n| Motorcycles | 24p |\n\nYou do not have to use flat rates for all your vehicles. Once you use the flat rates for a vehicle, you must continue to do so as long as you use that vehicle for your business.\n\nYou can claim all other travel expenses (for example train journeys) and parking on top of your vehicle expenses.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Working from home\n\nCalculate your allowable expenses using a flat rate based on the hours you work from home each month.\n\nThis means you do not have to work out the proportion of personal and business use for your home, for example how much of your utility bills are for business.\n\nThe flat rate does not include telephone or internet expenses. You can claim the business proportion of these bills by working out the actual costs.\n\nYou can only use simplified expenses if you work for 25 hours or more a month from home.\n\n| Hours of business use per month | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 25 to 50 | \u00a310 |\n\n| 51 to 100 | \u00a318 |\n\n| 101 and more | \u00a326 |\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Living at your business premises\n\nA small number of businesses use their business premises as their home, for example a guesthouse, bed and breakfast or small care home.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses instead of working out the split between what you spend for your private and business use of the premises.\n\nWith simplified expenses you calculate the total expenses for the premises.\n\nThen use the flat rates to subtract an amount for your personal use of the premises, based on the number of people living on the premises and claim the rest as your business expenses.\n\n| Number of people | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 1 | \u00a3350 |\n\n| 2 | \u00a3500 |\n\n| 3+ | \u00a3650 |\n\nIf someone lives at your business premises for part of the year, you can deduct only the relevant flat rate for the months they live there.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Simplified expenses are a way of calculating some of your business expenses using flat rates instead of working out your actual business costs.

    ", + "

    You do not have to use simplified expenses. You can decide if it suits your business.

    ", + "

    Who can use simplified expenses

    ", + "

    Simplified expenses can be used by:

    ", + "
  • sole traders
    • ", + "
  • business partnerships that have no companies as partners
    • ", + "

    Simplified expenses cannot be used by limited companies or business partnerships involving a limited company.

    ", + "

    Types of expenses

    ", + "

    You can use flat rates for:

    ", + "
  • business costs for some vehicles
    • ", + "
  • working from home
    • ", + "
  • living in your business premises
    • ", + "

    You must calculate all other expenses by working out the actual costs.

    ", + "

    How to use simplified expenses

    ", + "
  • Keep records your business miles for vehicles, hours you work at home and how many people live at your business premises over the year.
    • ", + "
  • At the end of the tax year use the flat rates for vehicle mileage, working from home, and living at your business premises to work out your expenses.
    • ", + "
  • Include these amounts in the total for your expenses in your Self Assessment tax return.
    • ", + "

    Use the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs. This will help you work out if simplified expenses suits your business.

    ", + "

    Vehicles

    ", + "

    Calculate your vehicle expenses using a flat rate for mileage instead of the actual costs of buying and running your vehicle, for example insurance, repairs, servicing, fuel.

    ", + "

    You can use simplified expenses for:

    ", + "
  • cars (except cars designed for commercial use, for example black cabs or dual control driving instructors\u2019 cars)
    • ", + "
  • goods vehicles (for example, vans)
    • ", + "
  • motorcycles
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.

    ", + "Vehicle | Flat rate per mile with simplified expenses", + "Cars and goods vehicles first 10,000 miles | 45p", + "Cars and goods vehicles after 10,000 miles | 25p", + "Motorcycles | 24p", + "

    You do not have to use flat rates for all your vehicles. Once you use the flat rates for a vehicle, you must continue to do so as long as you use that vehicle for your business.

    ", + "

    You can claim all other travel expenses (for example train journeys) and parking on top of your vehicle expenses.

    ", + "

    Use the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.

    ", + "

    Working from home

    ", + "

    Calculate your allowable expenses using a flat rate based on the hours you work from home each month.

    ", + "

    This means you do not have to work out the proportion of personal and business use for your home, for example how much of your utility bills are for business.

    ", + "

    The flat rate does not include telephone or internet expenses. You can claim the business proportion of these bills by working out the actual costs.

    ", + "

    You can only use simplified expenses if you work for 25 hours or more a month from home.

    ", + "Hours of business use per month | Flat rate per month", + "25 to 50 | \u00a310", + "51 to 100 | \u00a318", + "101 and more | \u00a326", + "

    Use the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.

    ", + "

    Living at your business premises

    ", + "

    A small number of businesses use their business premises as their home, for example a guesthouse, bed and breakfast or small care home.

    ", + "

    You can use simplified expenses instead of working out the split between what you spend for your private and business use of the premises.

    ", + "

    With simplified expenses you calculate the total expenses for the premises.

    ", + "

    Then use the flat rates to subtract an amount for your personal use of the premises, based on the number of people living on the premises and claim the rest as your business expenses.

    ", + "Number of people | Flat rate per month", + "1 | \u00a3350", + "2 | \u00a3500", + "3+ | \u00a3650", + "

    If someone lives at your business premises for part of the year, you can deduct only the relevant flat rate for the months they live there.

    ", + "

    Use the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-buy-shares": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-buy-shares", + "title": "Tax when you buy shares", + "content": "## Overview\n\nWhen you buy shares, you usually pay a tax or duty of 0.5% on the transaction.\n\nIf you buy:\n\n- shares electronically, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT)\n\n- shares using a stock transfer form, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty if the transaction is over \u00a31,000\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay tax at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.\n\nYou pay tax on the price you pay for the shares, even if their actual market value is much higher.\n\n## Transactions you pay tax on\n\nYou pay tax when you buy:\n\n- existing shares in a company incorporated in the UK\n\n- an option to buy shares\n\n- an interest in shares, for example an interest in the money from selling them\n\n- shares in a foreign company that has a share register in the UK\n\n- rights arising from shares, for example rights you have when new shares are issued\n\n## When you do not pay tax\n\nYou do not have to pay tax if you:\n\n- are given shares for nothing\n\n- subscribe to a new issue of shares in a company\n\n- buy shares in an \u2018open ended investment company\u2019 (OEIC) from the fund manager\n\n- buy units in a unit trust from the fund manager\n\nYou do not normally have to pay Stamp Duty or SDRT if you buy foreign shares outside the UK. But you may have to pay other taxes.\n\n## When you sell the shares\n\nYou may need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your shares.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nContact Stamp Duty share enquiries for general information about Stamp Duty on shares.\n\nContact Stamp Duty Reserve Tax enquiries if you have questions about Stamp Duty on electronic paperless share transactions.\n\nYou can also get professional help (for example, from a tax adviser) with your tax.\n\n## Buying shares electronically\n\nYou\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) if you buy shares electronically through the \u2018CREST\u2019 system (a computerised register of shares and shareowners).\n\nThe tax is taken automatically when you buy the shares, so you do not need to do anything else about your tax.\n\nSDRT is charged at 0.5% when you buy shares electronically.\n\nIf you do not pay cash for your shares but give something else of value to buy them, you pay SDRT based on the value of what you gave.\n\nIf you\u2019re given shares for nothing, you do not have to pay any tax.\n\n## Buying shares \u2018off-market\u2019\n\nYou must also pay SDRT on \u2018off-market\u2019 transactions. This is when shares are transferred outside CREST.\n\n## How to pay\n\nTax is not deducted automatically when you buy shares off-market.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) a written notice with details of the transaction.\n\nIf you do not pay on time, you\u2019ll be charged interest from the due date until the date you pay. You may also get a penalty.\n\n## Buying shares using a stock transfer form\n\nYou must pay Stamp Duty on your shares if:\n\n- you buy shares through a stock transfer form\n\n- the transaction is over \u00a31,000\n\nYou pay 0.5% duty, which will be rounded up to the nearest \u00a35.\n\nFor shares under \u00a31,000, you will not need to pay anything.\n\n## Get a stock transfer form\n\nYou can get a stock transfer form from:\n\n- a broker\n\n- a lawyer or an accountant who deals in shares\n\nYou can also download a stock transfer form from the internet.\n\nFind out what you need to include in a stock transfer form.\n\n## Send the transfer form to HMRC and pay Stamp Duty\n\nYou must send a copy of your stock transfer form to the Stamp Office within 30 days of it being signed and dated.\n\nEmail an electronic version or a scan of your paper form to stampdutymailbox@hmrc.gov.uk.\n\nIf you cannot email your stock transfer form, send a photocopy by post. You must keep the original signed document for your records.\n\nThere is a different address to send a stock transfer form by courier.\n\nYou must also pay the Stamp Duty within 30 days of the stock transfer form being signed and dated.\n\nYou may get a penalty if you do not pay on time.\n\n## Special share arrangements\n\nYou pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) or Stamp Duty at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.\n\nThis is when the shares are transferred to a service operated by a third party (for example, a bank). The shares can then be traded free of Stamp Duty or SDRT.\n\nNot all of these schemes work like this. Sometimes the higher rate is not charged and you pay Stamp Duty or SDRT in the normal way. Check the details of your scheme with your stockbroker.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When you buy shares, you usually pay a tax or duty of 0.5% on the transaction.

    ", + "

    If you buy:

    ", + "
  • shares electronically, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT)
    • ", + "
  • shares using a stock transfer form, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty if the transaction is over \u00a31,000
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay tax at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.

    ", + "

    You pay tax on the price you pay for the shares, even if their actual market value is much higher.

    ", + "

    Transactions you pay tax on

    ", + "

    You pay tax when you buy:

    ", + "
  • existing shares in a company incorporated in the UK
    • ", + "
  • an option to buy shares
    • ", + "
  • an interest in shares, for example an interest in the money from selling them
    • ", + "
  • shares in a foreign company that has a share register in the UK
    • ", + "
  • rights arising from shares, for example rights you have when new shares are issued
    • ", + "

    When you do not pay tax

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay tax if you:

    ", + "
  • are given shares for nothing
    • ", + "
  • subscribe to a new issue of shares in a company
    • ", + "
  • buy shares in an \u2018open ended investment company\u2019 (OEIC) from the fund manager
    • ", + "
  • buy units in a unit trust from the fund manager
    • ", + "

    You do not normally have to pay Stamp Duty or SDRT if you buy foreign shares outside the UK. But you may have to pay other taxes.

    ", + "

    When you sell the shares

    ", + "

    You may need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your shares.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Contact Stamp Duty share enquiries for general information about Stamp Duty on shares.

    ", + "

    Contact Stamp Duty Reserve Tax enquiries if you have questions about Stamp Duty on electronic paperless share transactions.

    ", + "

    You can also get professional help (for example, from a tax adviser) with your tax.

    ", + "

    Buying shares electronically

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) if you buy shares electronically through the \u2018CREST\u2019 system (a computerised register of shares and shareowners).

    ", + "

    The tax is taken automatically when you buy the shares, so you do not need to do anything else about your tax.

    ", + "

    SDRT is charged at 0.5% when you buy shares electronically.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay cash for your shares but give something else of value to buy them, you pay SDRT based on the value of what you gave.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re given shares for nothing, you do not have to pay any tax.

    ", + "

    Buying shares \u2018off-market\u2019

    ", + "

    You must also pay SDRT on \u2018off-market\u2019 transactions. This is when shares are transferred outside CREST.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    Tax is not deducted automatically when you buy shares off-market.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) a written notice with details of the transaction.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay on time, you\u2019ll be charged interest from the due date until the date you pay. You may also get a penalty.

    ", + "

    Buying shares using a stock transfer form

    ", + "

    You must pay Stamp Duty on your shares if:

    ", + "
  • you buy shares through a stock transfer form
    • ", + "
  • the transaction is over \u00a31,000
    • ", + "

    You pay 0.5% duty, which will be rounded up to the nearest \u00a35.

    ", + "

    For shares under \u00a31,000, you will not need to pay anything.

    ", + "

    Get a stock transfer form

    ", + "

    You can get a stock transfer form from:

    ", + "
  • a broker
    • ", + "
  • a lawyer or an accountant who deals in shares
    • ", + "

    You can also download a stock transfer form from the internet.

    ", + "

    Find out what you need to include in a stock transfer form.

    ", + "

    Send the transfer form to HMRC and pay Stamp Duty

    ", + "

    You must send a copy of your stock transfer form to the Stamp Office within 30 days of it being signed and dated.

    ", + "

    Email an electronic version or a scan of your paper form to stampdutymailbox@hmrc.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    If you cannot email your stock transfer form, send a photocopy by post. You must keep the original signed document for your records.

    ", + "

    There is a different address to send a stock transfer form by courier.

    ", + "

    You must also pay the Stamp Duty within 30 days of the stock transfer form being signed and dated.

    ", + "

    You may get a penalty if you do not pay on time.

    ", + "

    Special share arrangements

    ", + "

    You pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) or Stamp Duty at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.

    ", + "

    This is when the shares are transferred to a service operated by a third party (for example, a bank). The shares can then be traded free of Stamp Duty or SDRT.

    ", + "

    Not all of these schemes work like this. Sometimes the higher rate is not charged and you pay Stamp Duty or SDRT in the normal way. Check the details of your scheme with your stockbroker.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-limited-company-gives-to-charity": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-limited-company-gives-to-charity", + "title": "Tax when your limited company gives to charity", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour limited company pays less Corporation Tax when it gives the following to charity:\n\n- money\n\n- equipment or trading stock (items it makes or sells)\n\n- land, property or shares in another company (shares in your own company don\u2019t qualify)\n\n- employees (on secondment)\n\n- sponsorship payments\n\nYou can claim tax relief by deducting the value of your donations from your total business profits before you pay tax.\n\nThere are different rules for sole traders and partnerships.\n\n## Donating money\n\nYour limited company can pay less Corporation Tax when it gives money to a charity or community amateur sports club (CASC).\n\nDeduct the value of the donations from your total business profits before you pay tax.\n\n## Payments that don\u2019t qualify\n\nYou can\u2019t deduct payments that:\n\n- are loans that will be repaid by the charity\n\n- are made on the condition that the charity will buy property from your company or anyone connected with it\n\n- are a distribution of company profits (eg dividends)\n\n## If you\u2019re given something in return\n\nAny benefits you\u2019re given in return for your donation (eg tickets to an event) must be below a certain value.\n\n| Donation amount | Maximum value of benefit |\n\n| Up to \u00a3100 | 25% of the donation |\n\n| \u00a3101 - \u00a31,000 | \u00a325 |\n\n| \u00a31,001 and over | 5% of the donation (up to a maximum of \u00a32,500) |\n\nThis applies to benefits given to any person or company connected with your company, including close relatives.\n\nIf you get a benefit that\u2019s related to the company your donation qualifies as a sponsorship payment.\n\n## Equipment and trading stock\n\nYour limited company pays less Corporation Tax if it gives equipment or items it makes or sells (\u2018trading stock\u2019) to a charity or community amateur sports club (CASC).\n\n## Giving equipment\n\nYou can claim full capital allowances on the cost of equipment.\n\nTo qualify, the equipment must have been used by your company. This includes things like:\n\n- office furniture\n\n- computers and printers\n\n- vans and cars\n\n- tools and machinery\n\n## Giving trading stock\n\nIf your company donates its trading stock to a charity or CASC, you don\u2019t have to include anything in your sales income for the value of the gift. This means you get tax relief on the cost of the stock you\u2019ve given away.\n\n## VAT\n\nIf your company is VAT-registered, you\u2019ll need to account for VAT on the items you give away.\n\nHowever, you can apply zero VAT to the items - even if you normally charge the standard or reduced rate - if your company makes the donation specifically so that the charity can:\n\n- sell the items\n\n- hire out the items\n\n- export the items\n\nThis means you can reclaim the VAT on the cost of the trading stock you donate.\n\nIf you can\u2019t zero rate the items, use the VAT rate you normally apply to them.\n\n## Land, property and shares\n\nYour limited company could pay less Corporation Tax if it gives or sells any of the following to charity:\n\n- land or property\n\n- shares in another company\n\nYou can\u2019t claim for gifts or sales of shares in your own company.\n\nContact your chosen charity first to make sure it can accept your gift.\n\n## What you get\n\nIf you give these to charity (including selling them for less than they\u2019re worth):\n\n- you won\u2019t have to pay tax on capital gains\n\n- you can deduct the value of the gift (its \u2018market value\u2019) from your business profits before you pay tax\n\nIf you donate or sell to a community amateur sports club (CASC), you don\u2019t pay tax on capital gains but you can\u2019t deduct the value of the gift from your business profits.\n\n## Work out the market value\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know how much the gift would sell for in an open market (its \u2018market value\u2019) to calculate your tax relief. You can get professional help with this.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou must keep documents relating to the donation to show that you\u2019ve made the gift or sale and that the charity has accepted it. You must keep these records for at least 6 years.\n\n## Land or property\n\nYou must get a letter or certificate from the charity which contains:\n\n- a description of the land or property\n\n- the date of the gift or sale (the \u2018disposal date\u2019)\n\n- a statement confirming that it now owns the land or property\n\n## Shares\n\nYou must fill in a stock transfer form to take the shares out of your company\u2019s name and put them into the charity\u2019s name.\n\n## Selling land, property or shares on behalf of a charity\n\nWhen you offer a gift of land, property or shares, the charity may ask you to sell the gift on its behalf.\n\nYou can do this and still claim tax relief for the donation, but you must keep records of the gift and the charity\u2019s request. Without them, you might have to pay Corporation Tax.\n\n## Seconding employees\n\nYou can deduct any costs as normal business expenses if:\n\n- your company temporarily transfers an employee to work for a charity (known as a \u2018secondment\u2019)\n\n- an employee volunteers for a charity in work time\n\nYour company must continue to pay the employee and run Pay As You Earn (PAYE) on their salary. You can set the costs (including wages and business expenses) against your taxable profits as if they were still working for you.\n\nYou can\u2019t claim the costs of employees on secondment or volunteering at a community amateur sports club (CASC).\n\n## Sponsoring a charity\n\nCharity sponsorship payments are different from donations because your company gets something related to the business in return.\n\nYou can deduct sponsorship payments from your business profits before you pay tax by treating them as business expenses.\n\n## What qualifies\n\nPayments qualify as business expenses if the charity:\n\n- publicly supports your products or services\n\n- allows you to use their logo in your own printed material\n\n- allows you to sell your goods or services at their event or premises\n\n- links from their website to yours\n\nIf you\u2019re unsure whether a charity payment qualifies as a sponsorship payment or a donation, contact the charities helpline.\n\n## How to claim\n\nThere are different ways to claim tax relief depending on the type of donation you make.\n\n## Deduct from your profits\n\nClaim relief in the Company Tax Return that covers the accounting period during which you made the donation or sale if you have:\n\n- donated money\n\n- given or sold land, property or shares\n\nEnter the total value of your donations in the \u2018Qualifying donations\u2019 box of the \u2018Deductions and Reliefs\u2019 section of your tax return.\n\nThere are special rules for working out the value of your donation if you give or sell land, property or shares to a charity.\n\n## Deduct as business expenses\n\nDeduct costs as normal business expenses in your company\u2019s annual accounts if you have:\n\n- seconded employees\n\n- sponsored a charity\n\n## Claim capital allowances\n\nClaim capital allowances on the cost of equipment you donate in your company\u2019s annual accounts.\n\n## If you donate more than your profit\n\nThe most you can deduct is the amount that reduces your company\u2019s profits to zero.\n\nIf you donate more than your total profits you can\u2019t:\n\n- declare trading losses on your tax return\n\n- carry over any remaining amount to your next tax return", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your limited company pays less Corporation Tax when it gives the following to charity:

    ", + "
  • money
    • ", + "
  • equipment or trading stock (items it makes or sells)
    • ", + "
  • land, property or shares in another company (shares in your own company don\u2019t qualify)
    • ", + "
  • employees (on secondment)
    • ", + "
  • sponsorship payments
    • ", + "

    You can claim tax relief by deducting the value of your donations from your total business profits before you pay tax.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for sole traders and partnerships.

    ", + "

    Donating money

    ", + "

    Your limited company can pay less Corporation Tax when it gives money to a charity or community amateur sports club (CASC).

    ", + "

    Deduct the value of the donations from your total business profits before you pay tax.

    ", + "

    Payments that don\u2019t qualify

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t deduct payments that:

    ", + "
  • are loans that will be repaid by the charity
    • ", + "
  • are made on the condition that the charity will buy property from your company or anyone connected with it
    • ", + "
  • are a distribution of company profits (eg dividends)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re given something in return

    ", + "

    Any benefits you\u2019re given in return for your donation (eg tickets to an event) must be below a certain value.

    ", + "Donation amount | Maximum value of benefit", + "Up to \u00a3100 | 25% of the donation", + "\u00a3101 - \u00a31,000 | \u00a325", + "\u00a31,001 and over | 5% of the donation (up to a maximum of \u00a32,500)", + "

    This applies to benefits given to any person or company connected with your company, including close relatives.

    ", + "

    If you get a benefit that\u2019s related to the company your donation qualifies as a sponsorship payment.

    ", + "

    Equipment and trading stock

    ", + "

    Your limited company pays less Corporation Tax if it gives equipment or items it makes or sells (\u2018trading stock\u2019) to a charity or community amateur sports club (CASC).

    ", + "

    Giving equipment

    ", + "

    You can claim full capital allowances on the cost of equipment.

    ", + "

    To qualify, the equipment must have been used by your company. This includes things like:

    ", + "
  • office furniture
    • ", + "
  • computers and printers
    • ", + "
  • vans and cars
    • ", + "
  • tools and machinery
    • ", + "

    Giving trading stock

    ", + "

    If your company donates its trading stock to a charity or CASC, you don\u2019t have to include anything in your sales income for the value of the gift. This means you get tax relief on the cost of the stock you\u2019ve given away.

    ", + "

    VAT

    ", + "

    If your company is VAT-registered, you\u2019ll need to account for VAT on the items you give away.

    ", + "

    However, you can apply zero VAT to the items - even if you normally charge the standard or reduced rate - if your company makes the donation specifically so that the charity can:

    ", + "
  • sell the items
    • ", + "
  • hire out the items
    • ", + "
  • export the items
    • ", + "

    This means you can reclaim the VAT on the cost of the trading stock you donate.

    ", + "

    If you can\u2019t zero rate the items, use the VAT rate you normally apply to them.

    ", + "

    Land, property and shares

    ", + "

    Your limited company could pay less Corporation Tax if it gives or sells any of the following to charity:

    ", + "
  • land or property
    • ", + "
  • shares in another company
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim for gifts or sales of shares in your own company.

    ", + "

    Contact your chosen charity first to make sure it can accept your gift.

    ", + "

    What you get

    ", + "

    If you give these to charity (including selling them for less than they\u2019re worth):

    ", + "
  • you won\u2019t have to pay tax on capital gains
    • ", + "
  • you can deduct the value of the gift (its \u2018market value\u2019) from your business profits before you pay tax
    • ", + "

    If you donate or sell to a community amateur sports club (CASC), you don\u2019t pay tax on capital gains but you can\u2019t deduct the value of the gift from your business profits.

    ", + "

    Work out the market value

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to know how much the gift would sell for in an open market (its \u2018market value\u2019) to calculate your tax relief. You can get professional help with this.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You must keep documents relating to the donation to show that you\u2019ve made the gift or sale and that the charity has accepted it. You must keep these records for at least 6 years.

    ", + "

    Land or property

    ", + "

    You must get a letter or certificate from the charity which contains:

    ", + "
  • a description of the land or property
    • ", + "
  • the date of the gift or sale (the \u2018disposal date\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a statement confirming that it now owns the land or property
    • ", + "

    Shares

    ", + "

    You must fill in a stock transfer form to take the shares out of your company\u2019s name and put them into the charity\u2019s name.

    ", + "

    Selling land, property or shares on behalf of a charity

    ", + "

    When you offer a gift of land, property or shares, the charity may ask you to sell the gift on its behalf.

    ", + "

    You can do this and still claim tax relief for the donation, but you must keep records of the gift and the charity\u2019s request. Without them, you might have to pay Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    Seconding employees

    ", + "

    You can deduct any costs as normal business expenses if:

    ", + "
  • your company temporarily transfers an employee to work for a charity (known as a \u2018secondment\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • an employee volunteers for a charity in work time
    • ", + "

    Your company must continue to pay the employee and run Pay As You Earn (PAYE) on their salary. You can set the costs (including wages and business expenses) against your taxable profits as if they were still working for you.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim the costs of employees on secondment or volunteering at a community amateur sports club (CASC).

    ", + "

    Sponsoring a charity

    ", + "

    Charity sponsorship payments are different from donations because your company gets something related to the business in return.

    ", + "

    You can deduct sponsorship payments from your business profits before you pay tax by treating them as business expenses.

    ", + "

    What qualifies

    ", + "

    Payments qualify as business expenses if the charity:

    ", + "
  • publicly supports your products or services
    • ", + "
  • allows you to use their logo in your own printed material
    • ", + "
  • allows you to sell your goods or services at their event or premises
    • ", + "
  • links from their website to yours
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re unsure whether a charity payment qualifies as a sponsorship payment or a donation, contact the charities helpline.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    There are different ways to claim tax relief depending on the type of donation you make.

    ", + "

    Deduct from your profits

    ", + "

    Claim relief in the Company Tax Return that covers the accounting period during which you made the donation or sale if you have:

    ", + "
  • donated money
    • ", + "
  • given or sold land, property or shares
    • ", + "

    Enter the total value of your donations in the \u2018Qualifying donations\u2019 box of the \u2018Deductions and Reliefs\u2019 section of your tax return.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for working out the value of your donation if you give or sell land, property or shares to a charity.

    ", + "

    Deduct as business expenses

    ", + "

    Deduct costs as normal business expenses in your company\u2019s annual accounts if you have:

    ", + "
  • seconded employees
    • ", + "
  • sponsored a charity
    • ", + "

    Claim capital allowances

    ", + "

    Claim capital allowances on the cost of equipment you donate in your company\u2019s annual accounts.

    ", + "

    If you donate more than your profit

    ", + "

    The most you can deduct is the amount that reduces your company\u2019s profits to zero.

    ", + "

    If you donate more than your total profits you can\u2019t:

    ", + "
  • declare trading losses on your tax return
    • ", + "
  • carry over any remaining amount to your next tax return
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vat-returns": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-returns", + "title": "VAT Returns", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou usually submit a VAT Return to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) every 3 months. This period of time is known as your \u2018accounting period.\u2019\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThe VAT Return records things for the accounting period like:\n\n- your total sales and purchases\n\n- the amount of VAT you owe\n\n- the amount of VAT you can reclaim\n\n- what your VAT refund from HMRC is\n\nYou must submit a VAT Return even if you have no VAT to pay or reclaim.\n\n## Final VAT Returns\n\nYou have to submit a final VAT Return when you cancel your VAT registration.\n\nHMRC will send you a paper version to complete if your registration is cancelled because you\u2019re insolvent.\n\n## Fill in your return\n\nComplete and send your VAT Return online.\n\nYou cannot use your online account to send your VAT Return if you\u2019ve signed up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019. Use compatible accounting software instead.\n\nIf you need help there\u2019s guidance on:\n\n- what to put in each box\n\n- filling in your return if you\u2019re on the Flat Rate Scheme\n\nIf you are registered for VAT in Northern Ireland, you must include EU sales on your VAT Return and complete an EC Sales List.\n\n## Working out what you can claim\n\nIf your business is a charity, you pay VAT at a reduced rate on some goods and services.\n\nVAT-registered businesses can usually reclaim the VAT they\u2019ve paid on business purchases and expenses. The claim must be for a business activity (you have to work out the business element if it also had a personal use).\n\nYou must keep records to support your claim and show the VAT was paid.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot reclaim the VAT on:\n\n- entertainment expenses\n\n- purchases if you use the VAT Flat Rate Scheme (except some capital assets worth more than \u00a32,000)\n\nThere are special rules for working out how to reclaim VAT for:\n\n- cars, for example buying, repairing, fuel costs\n\n- staff travel expenses, for example accommodation and transport expenses\n\n- businesses that are partly exempt from VAT\n\n## Estimated figures\n\nAsk HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) for permission to use estimated figures. You\u2019ll need a good reason why you cannot give accurate figures on your VAT Return.\n\nIf you\u2019re allowed, you will not be charged a penalty unless you miss the deadline or make a careless or deliberate error. You\u2019ll normally have to give the correct figures in your next VAT Return.\n\n## Bad debts\n\nYou can reclaim the VAT you\u2019ve paid HMRC but not received from a customer if it\u2019s a \u2018bad debt\u2019 (one you\u2019ve written off). To qualify for the relief:\n\n- the debt must be between 6 months old and 4 years and 6 months old\n\n- you must not have sold the debt on\n\n- you must not have charged more than the normal price for the item\n\nYou should reclaim them via your VAT Return (add them to your Box 4 figure) and keep records about the debt.\n\nIf the debt is paid, you must pay the relief back via your VAT Return by adding the amount to your \u2018Box 1\u2019 figure.\n\n## How to submit your return\n\nYou must submit your return online unless:\n\n- your business is subject to an insolvency procedure - if you have a Company Voluntary Arrangement or an Individual Voluntary Arrangement you can submit your return online if you want to\n\n- you object to using computers on religious grounds\n\n- you cannot because of your age, a disability or because of where you live, for example you do not have internet access\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to find out how to submit your return, for example paper filing, if you cannot submit online.\n\n## Submit your VAT Return online\n\nYou need a VAT number and a VAT online account. You can then submit your VAT Return using HMRC\u2019s free online service or commercial accounting software.\n\nYou cannot use your online account to send your VAT Return if you\u2019ve signed up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019. Use compatible accounting software instead.\n\n## Getting online\n\nIf you need:\n\n- a VAT number and online account - register for VAT\n\n- an online account - sign up for an online account and select \u2018VAT submit returns\u2019\n\n- a VAT number - log in to your online account and apply for a VAT number\n\n## HMRC\u2019s free online service\n\nSign in to your VAT online account and complete your VAT Return.\n\n## Using accounting software\n\nMost accounting software lets you submit your VAT Return to HMRC directly. This means you will not have to enter your figures separately in HMRC\u2019s online service.\n\nHMRC has a list of software you can use to submit your VAT Return.\n\nKeep any reference number you receive as proof you\u2019ve sent your return.\n\n## Using accountants or agents\n\nYou\u2019ll need to authorise them before they can submit your VAT Return. You can do this through your VAT online account.\n\nFind an accountant or a solicitor to help you with your VAT return or tax.\n\n## Get help\n\nYou can get help with your VAT return or if you do not understand something about your tax.\n\n## Help with online services\n\nContact the VAT Online Services Helpdesk if you need any help using VAT online services.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nCheck your VAT Return and payment deadlines in your VAT online account.\n\nYour VAT online account tells you:\n\n- when your VAT Returns are due\n\n- when the payment must clear HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account\n\nThe deadline for submitting the return online and paying HMRC are usually the same - 1 calendar month and 7 days after the end of an accounting period. You need to allow time for the payment to reach HMRC\u2019s account.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nThe deadlines are different if, for example, you use the VAT Annual Accounting Scheme.\n\n## Pay your VAT bill\n\nYou must pay VAT to HMRC electronically, for example through direct debit or internet banking. Most businesses are not allowed to pay by cheque.\n\nContact HMRC if you cannot pay your VAT bill.\n\n## Surcharges and penalties\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) record a \u2018default\u2019 if:\n\n- they do not receive your VAT return by the deadline\n\n- full payment for the VAT due on your return has not reached their account by the deadline\n\n## Surcharges\n\nYou may enter a 12-month \u2018surcharge period\u2019 if you default. If you default again during this time:\n\n- the surcharge period is extended for a further 12 months\n\n- you may have to pay an extra amount (a \u2018surcharge\u2019) on top of the VAT you owe\n\nIf you submit a late return, you will not have to pay a surcharge if you:\n\n- pay your VAT in full by the deadline\n\n- have no tax to pay\n\n- are due a VAT repayment\n\nHMRC will write to you explaining any surcharges you owe and what happens if you default again.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nYour surcharge is a percentage of the VAT outstanding on the due date for the accounting period that is in default. The surcharge rate increases every time you default again in a surcharge period.\n\nThis table shows how much you\u2019ll be charged if you default within a surcharge period.\n\nYou do not pay a surcharge for your first default.\n\n| Defaults within 12 months | Surcharge if annual turnover is less than \u00a3150,000 | Surcharge if annual turnover is \u00a3150,000 or more |\n\n| 2nd | No surcharge | 2% (no surcharge if this is less than \u00a3400) |\n\n| 3rd | 2% (no surcharge if this is less than \u00a3400) | 5% (no surcharge if this is less than \u00a3400) |\n\n| 4th | 5% (no surcharge if this is less than \u00a3400) | 10% or \u00a330 (whichever is more) |\n\n| 5th | 10% or \u00a330 (whichever is more) | 15% or \u00a330 (whichever is more) |\n\n| 6 or more | 15% or \u00a330 (whichever is more) | 15% or \u00a330 (whichever is more) |\n\n## Penalties\n\nHMRC can charge you a penalty of up to:\n\n- 100% of any tax under-stated or over-claimed if you send a return that contains a careless or deliberate inaccuracy\n\n- 30% of an assessment if HMRC sends you one that\u2019s too low and you do not tell them it\u2019s wrong within 30 days\n\n- \u00a3400 if you submit a paper VAT return, unless HMRC has told you you\u2019re exempt from submitting your return using your VAT online account or Making Tax Digital compatible software\n\n## Assessments\n\nIf you do not send your VAT Return and pay any VAT due on time, you will get a \u2018VAT notice of assessment of tax\u2019 from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), telling you how much VAT they think you owe.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nSend your VAT Return and any payment due immediately.\n\nIf the assessed amount of VAT is too low you must tell HMRC within 30 days. Do this by sending a correct VAT Return and VAT payment or contacting them. You may be charged a penalty if you do not.\n\nIf the assessment is too high, you cannot appeal it. You must send a correct VAT Return and VAT payment.\n\nContact HMRC if you cannot pay your tax bill and contact the VAT helpline if you cannot send the return.\n\n## Interest on underpaid or overpaid VAT\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may charge you interest if you do not report and pay the right amount of VAT. If you pay too much VAT because HMRC make a mistake, you can claim interest.\n\n## When interest is charged\n\nInterest may be charged if you:\n\n- report less VAT than you charge, or reclaim more than you pay\n\n- pay an assessment that HMRC later find was too low\n\n- let HMRC know you owe them VAT because of a mistake on your VAT Return\n\n## How much interest is charged\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged 2.6% interest.\n\nThere\u2019s a different interest rate for tax that was underpaid before 21 November 2017.\n\nUse your VAT online account to check the amount you owe.\n\nHMRC will also send you a notice telling you how much you owe and how it\u2019s worked out.\n\nIf you do not pay within 30 days, further interest is charged on the VAT due from the date of the notice. You\u2019ll be charged interest for as long as you do not pay, up to a maximum of 2 years.\n\nYou cannot deduct the interest HMRC charges you when working out your taxable profits.\n\n## Claiming interest\n\nYou may be able to claim interest if HMRC\u2019s mistake means:\n\n- you pay too much VAT\n\n- you reclaim too little VAT\n\n- a payment to you from HMRC was delayed\n\nNormally HMRC will not repay interest if you\u2019ve paid too much VAT because of a mistake you made.\n\n## How much interest can you claim\n\nYou can claim 0.5% interest. This is normally paid for the whole period from when the VAT was overpaid or reclaimed until the date repayment is authorised.\n\nThere\u2019s a different interest rate for tax that was overpaid before 29 September 2009.\n\nIf you caused a delay to any payments (for example by not claiming straight away) HMRC might leave this time out.\n\nYou have to claim the interest separately from the repayment itself.\n\nWrite to HMRC with details of the repayment, explaining why you\u2019re owed interest. You must do this within 4 years of the repayment\u2019s authorisation date. Use the postal address on the VAT correspondence you have from HMRC.\n\nAny interest you get from HMRC counts as taxable income.\n\n## Paying interest to your customers\n\nYou must pay any of the interest you get (as well as the VAT) to your customers if HMRC\u2019s mistake means they paid too much VAT.\n\nContact the person at HMRC who dealt with your claim if you need to find out how the interest was calculated. This can help you work out how much you need to repay each customer. You must give the money back to HMRC within 14 days if you cannot get in touch with a customer to repay them.\n\n## Interest rates\n\nHMRC only charge or pay simple interest (interest on the original amount, not interest on interest).\n\n## Challenging an HMRC decision\n\nYou cannot appeal the decision to charge you interest but you can challenge the actual amount.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You usually submit a VAT Return to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) every 3 months. This period of time is known as your \u2018accounting period.\u2019

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    The VAT Return records things for the accounting period like:

    ", + "
  • your total sales and purchases
    • ", + "
  • the amount of VAT you owe
    • ", + "
  • the amount of VAT you can reclaim
    • ", + "
  • what your VAT refund from HMRC is
    • ", + "

    You must submit a VAT Return even if you have no VAT to pay or reclaim.

    ", + "

    Final VAT Returns

    ", + "

    You have to submit a final VAT Return when you cancel your VAT registration.

    ", + "

    HMRC will send you a paper version to complete if your registration is cancelled because you\u2019re insolvent.

    ", + "

    Fill in your return

    ", + "

    Complete and send your VAT Return online.

    ", + "

    You cannot use your online account to send your VAT Return if you\u2019ve signed up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019. Use compatible accounting software instead.

    ", + "

    If you need help there\u2019s guidance on:

    ", + "
  • what to put in each box
    • ", + "
  • filling in your return if you\u2019re on the Flat Rate Scheme
    • ", + "

    If you are registered for VAT in Northern Ireland, you must include EU sales on your VAT Return and complete an EC Sales List.

    ", + "

    Working out what you can claim

    ", + "

    If your business is a charity, you pay VAT at a reduced rate on some goods and services.

    ", + "

    VAT-registered businesses can usually reclaim the VAT they\u2019ve paid on business purchases and expenses. The claim must be for a business activity (you have to work out the business element if it also had a personal use).

    ", + "

    You must keep records to support your claim and show the VAT was paid.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You cannot reclaim the VAT on:

    ", + "
  • entertainment expenses
    • ", + "
  • purchases if you use the VAT Flat Rate Scheme (except some capital assets worth more than \u00a32,000)
    • ", + "

    There are special rules for working out how to reclaim VAT for:

    ", + "
  • cars, for example buying, repairing, fuel costs
    • ", + "
  • staff travel expenses, for example accommodation and transport expenses
    • ", + "
  • businesses that are partly exempt from VAT
    • ", + "

    Estimated figures

    ", + "

    Ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) for permission to use estimated figures. You\u2019ll need a good reason why you cannot give accurate figures on your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re allowed, you will not be charged a penalty unless you miss the deadline or make a careless or deliberate error. You\u2019ll normally have to give the correct figures in your next VAT Return.

    ", + "

    Bad debts

    ", + "

    You can reclaim the VAT you\u2019ve paid HMRC but not received from a customer if it\u2019s a \u2018bad debt\u2019 (one you\u2019ve written off). To qualify for the relief:

    ", + "
  • the debt must be between 6 months old and 4 years and 6 months old
    • ", + "
  • you must not have sold the debt on
    • ", + "
  • you must not have charged more than the normal price for the item
    • ", + "

    You should reclaim them via your VAT Return (add them to your Box 4 figure) and keep records about the debt.

    ", + "

    If the debt is paid, you must pay the relief back via your VAT Return by adding the amount to your \u2018Box 1\u2019 figure.

    ", + "

    How to submit your return

    ", + "

    You must submit your return online unless:

    ", + "
  • your business is subject to an insolvency procedure - if you have a Company Voluntary Arrangement or an Individual Voluntary Arrangement you can submit your return online if you want to
    • ", + "
  • you object to using computers on religious grounds
    • ", + "
  • you cannot because of your age, a disability or because of where you live, for example you do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to find out how to submit your return, for example paper filing, if you cannot submit online.

    ", + "

    Submit your VAT Return online

    ", + "

    You need a VAT number and a VAT online account. You can then submit your VAT Return using HMRC\u2019s free online service or commercial accounting software.

    ", + "

    You cannot use your online account to send your VAT Return if you\u2019ve signed up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019. Use compatible accounting software instead.

    ", + "

    Getting online

    ", + "

    If you need:

    ", + "
  • a VAT number and online account - register for VAT
    • ", + "
  • an online account - sign up for an online account and select \u2018VAT submit returns\u2019
    • ", + "
  • a VAT number - log in to your online account and apply for a VAT number
    • ", + "

    HMRC\u2019s free online service

    ", + "

    Sign in to your VAT online account and complete your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    Using accounting software

    ", + "

    Most accounting software lets you submit your VAT Return to HMRC directly. This means you will not have to enter your figures separately in HMRC\u2019s online service.

    ", + "

    HMRC has a list of software you can use to submit your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    Keep any reference number you receive as proof you\u2019ve sent your return.

    ", + "

    Using accountants or agents

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to authorise them before they can submit your VAT Return. You can do this through your VAT online account.

    ", + "

    Find an accountant or a solicitor to help you with your VAT return or tax.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    You can get help with your VAT return or if you do not understand something about your tax.

    ", + "

    Help with online services

    ", + "

    Contact the VAT Online Services Helpdesk if you need any help using VAT online services.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    Check your VAT Return and payment deadlines in your VAT online account.

    ", + "

    Your VAT online account tells you:

    ", + "
  • when your VAT Returns are due
    • ", + "
  • when the payment must clear HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account
    • ", + "

    The deadline for submitting the return online and paying HMRC are usually the same - 1 calendar month and 7 days after the end of an accounting period. You need to allow time for the payment to reach HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    The deadlines are different if, for example, you use the VAT Annual Accounting Scheme.

    ", + "

    Pay your VAT bill

    ", + "

    You must pay VAT to HMRC electronically, for example through direct debit or internet banking. Most businesses are not allowed to pay by cheque.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you cannot pay your VAT bill.

    ", + "

    Surcharges and penalties

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) record a \u2018default\u2019 if:

    ", + "
  • they do not receive your VAT return by the deadline
    • ", + "
  • full payment for the VAT due on your return has not reached their account by the deadline
    • ", + "

    Surcharges

    ", + "

    You may enter a 12-month \u2018surcharge period\u2019 if you default. If you default again during this time:

    ", + "
  • the surcharge period is extended for a further 12 months
    • ", + "
  • you may have to pay an extra amount (a \u2018surcharge\u2019) on top of the VAT you owe
    • ", + "

    If you submit a late return, you will not have to pay a surcharge if you:

    ", + "
  • pay your VAT in full by the deadline
    • ", + "
  • have no tax to pay
    • ", + "
  • are due a VAT repayment
    • ", + "

    HMRC will write to you explaining any surcharges you owe and what happens if you default again.

    ", + "

    How much you pay

    ", + "

    Your surcharge is a percentage of the VAT outstanding on the due date for the accounting period that is in default. The surcharge rate increases every time you default again in a surcharge period.

    ", + "

    This table shows how much you\u2019ll be charged if you default within a surcharge period.

    ", + "

    You do not pay a surcharge for your first default.

    ", + "Defaults within 12 months | Surcharge if annual turnover is less than \u00a3150,000 | Surcharge if annual turnover is \u00a3150,000 or more", + "2nd | No surcharge | 2% (no surcharge if this is less than \u00a3400)", + "3rd | 2% (no surcharge if this is less than \u00a3400) | 5% (no surcharge if this is less than \u00a3400)", + "4th | 5% (no surcharge if this is less than \u00a3400) | 10% or \u00a330 (whichever is more)", + "5th | 10% or \u00a330 (whichever is more) | 15% or \u00a330 (whichever is more)", + "6 or more | 15% or \u00a330 (whichever is more) | 15% or \u00a330 (whichever is more)", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    HMRC can charge you a penalty of up to:

    ", + "
  • 100% of any tax under-stated or over-claimed if you send a return that contains a careless or deliberate inaccuracy
    • ", + "
  • 30% of an assessment if HMRC sends you one that\u2019s too low and you do not tell them it\u2019s wrong within 30 days
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3400 if you submit a paper VAT return, unless HMRC has told you you\u2019re exempt from submitting your return using your VAT online account or Making Tax Digital compatible software
    • ", + "

    Assessments

    ", + "

    If you do not send your VAT Return and pay any VAT due on time, you will get a \u2018VAT notice of assessment of tax\u2019 from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), telling you how much VAT they think you owe.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    Send your VAT Return and any payment due immediately.

    ", + "

    If the assessed amount of VAT is too low you must tell HMRC within 30 days. Do this by sending a correct VAT Return and VAT payment or contacting them. You may be charged a penalty if you do not.

    ", + "

    If the assessment is too high, you cannot appeal it. You must send a correct VAT Return and VAT payment.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you cannot pay your tax bill and contact the VAT helpline if you cannot send the return.

    ", + "

    Interest on underpaid or overpaid VAT

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may charge you interest if you do not report and pay the right amount of VAT. If you pay too much VAT because HMRC make a mistake, you can claim interest.

    ", + "

    When interest is charged

    ", + "

    Interest may be charged if you:

    ", + "
  • report less VAT than you charge, or reclaim more than you pay
    • ", + "
  • pay an assessment that HMRC later find was too low
    • ", + "
  • let HMRC know you owe them VAT because of a mistake on your VAT Return
    • ", + "

    How much interest is charged

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged 2.6% interest.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different interest rate for tax that was underpaid before 21 November 2017.

    ", + "

    Use your VAT online account to check the amount you owe.

    ", + "

    HMRC will also send you a notice telling you how much you owe and how it\u2019s worked out.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay within 30 days, further interest is charged on the VAT due from the date of the notice. You\u2019ll be charged interest for as long as you do not pay, up to a maximum of 2 years.

    ", + "

    You cannot deduct the interest HMRC charges you when working out your taxable profits.

    ", + "

    Claiming interest

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim interest if HMRC\u2019s mistake means:

    ", + "
  • you pay too much VAT
    • ", + "
  • you reclaim too little VAT
    • ", + "
  • a payment to you from HMRC was delayed
    • ", + "

    Normally HMRC will not repay interest if you\u2019ve paid too much VAT because of a mistake you made.

    ", + "

    How much interest can you claim

    ", + "

    You can claim 0.5% interest. This is normally paid for the whole period from when the VAT was overpaid or reclaimed until the date repayment is authorised.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different interest rate for tax that was overpaid before 29 September 2009.

    ", + "

    If you caused a delay to any payments (for example by not claiming straight away) HMRC might leave this time out.

    ", + "

    You have to claim the interest separately from the repayment itself.

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC with details of the repayment, explaining why you\u2019re owed interest. You must do this within 4 years of the repayment\u2019s authorisation date. Use the postal address on the VAT correspondence you have from HMRC.

    ", + "

    Any interest you get from HMRC counts as taxable income.

    ", + "

    Paying interest to your customers

    ", + "

    You must pay any of the interest you get (as well as the VAT) to your customers if HMRC\u2019s mistake means they paid too much VAT.

    ", + "

    Contact the person at HMRC who dealt with your claim if you need to find out how the interest was calculated. This can help you work out how much you need to repay each customer. You must give the money back to HMRC within 14 days if you cannot get in touch with a customer to repay them.

    ", + "

    Interest rates

    ", + "

    HMRC only charge or pay simple interest (interest on the original amount, not interest on interest).

    ", + "

    Challenging an HMRC decision

    ", + "

    You cannot appeal the decision to charge you interest but you can challenge the actual amount.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vat-registration": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-registration", + "title": "VAT registration", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must register your business for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if its VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.\n\nWhen you register, you\u2019ll be sent a VAT registration certificate. This confirms:\n\n- your VAT number\n\n- when to submit your first VAT Return and payment\n\n- your \u2018effective date of registration\u2019 - this depends on the date you went over the threshold, or is the date you asked to register if it was voluntary\n\nYou can register voluntarily if your turnover is less than \u00a385,000, unless everything you sell is exempt. You\u2019ll have certain responsibilities if you register for VAT.\n\nYou can reclaim the VAT you\u2019ve paid on certain purchases made before you registered.\n\n## Your VAT responsibilities\n\nFrom your effective date of registration you must:\n\n- charge the right amount of VAT\n\n- pay any VAT due to HMRC\n\n- submit VAT Returns\n\n- keep VAT records and a VAT account\n\nMost VAT registered businesses that earn over \u00a385,000 must also follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.\n\n## While you wait\n\nYou cannot charge or show VAT on your invoices until you get your VAT number. However, you\u2019ll still have to pay the VAT to HMRC for this period.\n\nYou should increase your prices to allow for this and tell your customers why. Once you\u2019ve got your VAT number you can then reissue the invoices showing the VAT.\n\n## How to register\n\n## Register for VAT\n\nMost businesses can register online - including partnerships and a group of companies registering under one VAT number.\n\nBy doing this you\u2019ll register for VAT and create a VAT online account (sometimes known as a \u2018Government Gateway account\u2019). You need this to submit your VAT Returns to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n## Using an agent\n\nYou can appoint an accountant (or agent) to submit your VAT Returns and deal with HMRC on your behalf.\n\nWhen you receive your VAT number from HMRC, you can sign up for a VAT online account (select option \u2018VAT submit returns\u2019).\n\n## When you cannot register online\n\nYou must register by post using VAT1 if:\n\n- you want to apply for a \u2018registration exception\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re joining the Agricultural Flat Rate Scheme\n\n- you\u2019re registering the divisions or business units of a body corporate under separate VAT numbers\n\nRegister by post using form:\n\n- VAT1A if you\u2019re an EU business \u2018distance selling\u2019 to Northern Ireland\n\n- VAT1B if you import (\u2018acquire\u2019) goods into Northern Ireland worth more than \u00a385,000 from an EU country\n\n- VAT1C if you\u2019re disposing of assets on which 8th or 13th Directive refunds have been claimed\n\nWhen you receive your VAT number from HMRC, you can sign up for a VAT online account (select option \u2018VAT submit returns\u2019).\n\n## Getting your certificate\n\nYou should get a VAT registration certificate within 30 working days, though it can take longer.\n\nIt\u2019s sent either:\n\n- to your VAT online account\n\n- by post - if an agent registers you or you cannot register online\n\n## What you need to know\n\nYou need to provide details like your turnover, business activity and bank details.\n\nYour registration date is known as your \u2018effective date of registration\u2019. You\u2019ll have to pay HMRC any VAT due from this date.\n\nYou do not need to authorise an agent to register you for VAT.\n\n## When to register\n\nYou must register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover goes over \u00a385,000 (the \u2018threshold\u2019), or you know that it will. Your VAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.\n\nYou can also register voluntarily.\n\n## Compulsory registration\n\nYou must register for VAT if:\n\n- you expect your VAT taxable turnover to be more than \u00a385,000 in the next 30-day period\n\n- your business had a VAT taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 over the last 12 months\n\nYou might also need to register in some other cases, depending on the kinds of goods or services you sell and where you sell them.\n\n## If you\u2019ll exceed the VAT threshold in the next 30-day period\n\nYou must register if you realise that your total VAT taxable turnover is going to be more than \u00a385,000 in the next 30-day period.\n\nYou have to register by the end of that 30-day period. Your effective date of registration is the date you realised, not the date your turnover went over the threshold.\n\n## If you exceeded the VAT threshold in the past 12 months\n\nYou must register if, by the end of any month, your total VAT taxable turnover for the last 12 months was over \u00a385,000.\n\nYou have to register within 30 days of the end of the month when you went over the threshold. Your effective date of registration is the first day of the second month after you go over the threshold.\n\n## If you sell goods or services that are VAT exempt and are based in Northern Ireland\n\nYou\u2019ll need to register if you only sell goods or services that are exempt from VAT or \u2018out of scope\u2019 but you buy goods for more than \u00a385,000 from EU VAT-registered suppliers to use in your business.\n\n## If you take over a VAT-registered business\n\nYou may have to register for VAT.\n\n## Businesses outside the UK\n\nThere\u2019s no threshold if neither you nor your business is based in the UK. You must register as soon as you supply any goods and services to the UK (or if you expect to in the next 30 days).\n\n## Late registration\n\nIf you register late, you must pay what you owe from when you should have registered.\n\nYou may get a penalty depending on how much you owe and how late your registration is.\n\n## Voluntary registration\n\nYou can register voluntarily if your business turnover is below \u00a385,000. You must pay HMRC any VAT you owe from the date they register you.\n\n## Get an exception\n\nYou can apply for a registration \u2018exception\u2019 if your taxable turnover goes over the threshold temporarily.\n\nWrite to HMRC with evidence showing why you believe your VAT taxable turnover will not go over the deregistration threshold of \u00a383,000 in the next 12 months.\n\nHMRC will consider your exception and write confirming if you get one. If not, they\u2019ll register you for VAT.\n\n## Selling or moving goods in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you\u2019re a VAT-registered business, you need to tell HMRC if any of the following apply:\n\n- your goods are located in Northern Ireland at the time of sale\n\n- you receive goods in Northern Ireland from VAT-registered EU businesses for business purposes\n\n- you sell or move goods from Northern Ireland to an EU country\n\nThis means that:\n\n- you\u2019ll be eligible to use VAT simplifications when you trade with the EU\n\n- your suppliers are able to zero rate goods that they dispatch to you from the EU\n\n- your trade with the EU will remain acquisitions and dispatches when accounting for VAT\n\n## Tell HMRC\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for VAT\n\n- your VAT registration number\n\n- the name of your business\n\nStart now\n\n## After you\u2019ve registered\n\nWhen you are trading with the EU and sell goods in Northern Ireland, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- put an \u2018XI\u2019 prefix in front of your VAT number when communicating with an EU customer or supplier (your invoices will show XI in front of your VAT number - for example, XI 123456789 - instead of GB)\n\n- complete an EC Sales List if you\u2019re selling goods from Northern Ireland to VAT-registered customers in the EU\n\n## If you\u2019ve stopped selling or moving goods in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you\u2019ve stopped selling goods in Northern Ireland or moving goods between Northern Ireland and the EU, you need to tell HMRC.\n\n## Registering for VAT in EU countries\n\nYou may need to register for VAT in the EU country you\u2019re selling to. Find out how to register for VAT in EU countries on the European Commission website.\n\n## Supplying digital services\n\nIf your business supplies digital services to consumers in EU countries, you need to register for either:\n\n- VAT MOSS in any EU country\n\n- VAT in each country where you\u2019re supplying digital services\n\n## Register for VAT MOSS in an EU country\n\nYou\u2019ll need to register for the VAT MOSS scheme in an EU country by the 10th day of the month after your first sale to an EU customer.\n\nUse the European Commission website to:\n\n- check if you should register for either the union or non-union VAT MOSS scheme\n\n- find contact details to register for VAT MOSS in an EU country\n\n## Register for VAT in an EU country\n\nIf you do not want to use the VAT MOSS scheme, you must register for VAT in each EU country where you supply digital services.\n\nFind out how to register for VAT in EU member states on the European Commission website.\n\n## Calculate VAT taxable turnover\n\nVAT taxable turnover is the total value of everything you sell that is not exempt from VAT.\n\nYou must register for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if it goes over the current registration threshold in a rolling 12-month period. This is not a fixed period like the tax year or the calendar year - it could be any period, for example the start of June to the end of May.\n\nThe current threshold is \u00a385,000. It usually goes up on 1 April each year. If your business is based in Northern Ireland, there are different thresholds for buying and selling from EU countries.\n\n## What to include\n\nTo check if you\u2019ve gone over the threshold in any 12-month period, add together the total value of your UK sales that are not VAT exempt, including:\n\n- goods you hired or loaned to customers\n\n- business goods used for personal reasons\n\n- goods you bartered, part-exchanged or gave as gifts\n\n- services you received from businesses in other countries that you had to \u2018reverse charge\u2019\n\n- building work over \u00a3100,000 your business did for itself\n\nInclude any zero-rated items - only exclude VAT-exempt sales, and goods or services you supply outside of the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re over the threshold\n\nYou must register for VAT - though HMRC may allow you \u2018exception from registration\u2019 if your turnover goes above the threshold temporarily.\n\nYou must register straight away if you expect the value of everything you sell in the next 30 days to be over \u00a385,000. You do not need to include anything that is VAT exempt.\n\nYou should check your rolling turnover regularly if you\u2019re close to going over the threshold.\n\n## Thresholds for previous tax years\n\nCheck historical information about VAT thresholds if you think you should have been registered in previous tax years.\n\n## Purchases made before registration\n\nThere\u2019s a time limit for backdating claims for VAT paid before registration. From your date of registration the time limit is:\n\n- 4 years for goods you still have, or that were used to make other goods you still have\n\n- 6 months for services\n\nYou can only reclaim VAT on purchases for the business now registered for VAT. They must relate to your \u2018business purpose\u2019. This means they must relate to VAT taxable goods or services that you supply.\n\nYou should reclaim them on your first VAT Return (add them to your Box 4 figure) and keep records including:\n\n- invoices and receipts\n\n- a description and purchase dates\n\n- information about how they relate to your business now\n\n## Changes to your details\n\nYou must keep your VAT registration details up to date. You can change your details:\n\n- online - through your VAT online account\n\n- by post - using form VAT484\n\n- by webchat or phone\n\nYou must send form VAT2 to the VAT Registration Service to report any changes to a partnership.\n\nSome changes can affect your VAT registration or mean you have to cancel it.\n\n## When to tell HMRC\n\nYou need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about any changes to the following within 30 days or you could face a financial penalty:\n\n- the name, trading name or main address of your business\n\n- the accountant or agent who deals with your VAT\n\n- the members of a partnership, or the name or home address of any of the partners\n\n## Changing bank details\n\nYou must tell HMRC at least 14 days in advance if you\u2019re changing your bank details.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to tell your bank to change your Direct Debit details if you pay your VAT by Direct Debit, but you should not do this within 5 banking days before or after your VAT return is due.\n\nYou must write to the Annual Accounting Registration Unit to change your Direct Debit details if you use the Annual Accounting Scheme. Include your registration number.\n\n## Death and illness\n\nYou must tell HMRC within 21 days if you take on the VAT responsibilities of someone who has died or is ill.\n\nYou can only do this by sending form VAT484 in the post, including details of the date of death or the date the illness started.\n\n## Cancel registration\n\nYou must cancel your registration if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be VAT registered. For example:\n\n- you stop trading or making VAT taxable supplies\n\n- you join a VAT group\n\nYou must cancel within 30 days if you stop being eligible or you may be charged a penalty.\n\nYou can ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to cancel your registration if your VAT taxable turnover falls below the deregistration threshold of \u00a383,000.\n\n## How to cancel\n\nYou can cancel your VAT registration online.\n\nCancel your registration\n\nYou can also fill in and send form VAT7 to cancel your VAT registration by post.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIt usually takes 3 weeks for HMRC to confirm your cancellation and the official cancellation date. This is either the date when the reason for your cancellation took effect (for example, when you stopped trading), or the date you asked to cancel if it\u2019s voluntary.\n\nHMRC will send confirmation to your VAT online account (or through the post if you do not apply online). From the date of cancellation you must stop charging VAT and keep your VAT records for 6 years.\n\nHMRC will automatically re-register you if they realise you should not have cancelled. You\u2019ll have to account for any VAT you should have paid in the meantime.\n\n## VAT after you cancel\n\nYou\u2019ll have to submit a final VAT Return for the period up to and including the cancellation date. You must account for any stock and other assets you have on this date if:\n\n- you could reclaim VAT when you bought them\n\n- the total VAT due on these assets is over \u00a31,000\n\nDo not wait until you\u2019ve received all your invoices before submitting your final return. You\u2019ll still be able to reclaim VAT on anything you bought for your business while still registered once you get the invoices.\n\n## Transfer registration\n\nYou can transfer a VAT registration from one business to another, or if the status of your business changes.\n\nFor example, if:\n\n- you take over a company and want to keep using its VAT number\n\n- your business changes from a partnership to a sole trader\n\nIf you\u2019re taking over a company, the previous owner must cancel their VAT registration before you can apply to transfer the VAT number.\n\nIf the status of your business changes, you must cancel your existing VAT registration and re-register.\n\nYou can apply to cancel or transfer a VAT registration:\n\n- online - through your VAT online account\n\n- by post - using form VAT68\n\n## What happens next\n\nIt usually takes 3 weeks for HMRC to confirm the transfer.\n\nIf you\u2019re selling your business:\n\n- cancel your accountant\u2019s access to your VAT online account - for example if you authorised them to deal with your VAT\n\n- cancel any direct debits on your VAT online account\n\nYou must also give your records to the buyer if you\u2019re passing on your VAT number.\n\nIf you\u2019re buying a business:\n\n- contact HMRC within 21 days of the transfer application if you want to keep the seller\u2019s accountant\n\n- replace any self-billing arrangements with new ones\n\n- set up new direct debits on your VAT online account", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must register your business for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if its VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    When you register, you\u2019ll be sent a VAT registration certificate. This confirms:

    ", + "
  • your VAT number
    • ", + "
  • when to submit your first VAT Return and payment
    • ", + "
  • your \u2018effective date of registration\u2019 - this depends on the date you went over the threshold, or is the date you asked to register if it was voluntary
    • ", + "

    You can register voluntarily if your turnover is less than \u00a385,000, unless everything you sell is exempt. You\u2019ll have certain responsibilities if you register for VAT.

    ", + "

    You can reclaim the VAT you\u2019ve paid on certain purchases made before you registered.

    ", + "

    Your VAT responsibilities

    ", + "

    From your effective date of registration you must:

    ", + "
  • charge the right amount of VAT
    • ", + "
  • pay any VAT due to HMRC
    • ", + "
  • submit VAT Returns
    • ", + "
  • keep VAT records and a VAT account
    • ", + "

    Most VAT registered businesses that earn over \u00a385,000 must also follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.

    ", + "

    While you wait

    ", + "

    You cannot charge or show VAT on your invoices until you get your VAT number. However, you\u2019ll still have to pay the VAT to HMRC for this period.

    ", + "

    You should increase your prices to allow for this and tell your customers why. Once you\u2019ve got your VAT number you can then reissue the invoices showing the VAT.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    Register for VAT

    ", + "

    Most businesses can register online - including partnerships and a group of companies registering under one VAT number.

    ", + "

    By doing this you\u2019ll register for VAT and create a VAT online account (sometimes known as a \u2018Government Gateway account\u2019). You need this to submit your VAT Returns to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Using an agent

    ", + "

    You can appoint an accountant (or agent) to submit your VAT Returns and deal with HMRC on your behalf.

    ", + "

    When you receive your VAT number from HMRC, you can sign up for a VAT online account (select option \u2018VAT submit returns\u2019).

    ", + "

    When you cannot register online

    ", + "

    You must register by post using VAT1 if:

    ", + "
  • you want to apply for a \u2018registration exception\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re joining the Agricultural Flat Rate Scheme
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re registering the divisions or business units of a body corporate under separate VAT numbers
    • ", + "

    Register by post using form:

    ", + "
  • VAT1A if you\u2019re an EU business \u2018distance selling\u2019 to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • VAT1B if you import (\u2018acquire\u2019) goods into Northern Ireland worth more than \u00a385,000 from an EU country
    • ", + "
  • VAT1C if you\u2019re disposing of assets on which 8th or 13th Directive refunds have been claimed
    • ", + "

    When you receive your VAT number from HMRC, you can sign up for a VAT online account (select option \u2018VAT submit returns\u2019).

    ", + "

    Getting your certificate

    ", + "

    You should get a VAT registration certificate within 30 working days, though it can take longer.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s sent either:

    ", + "
  • to your VAT online account
    • ", + "
  • by post - if an agent registers you or you cannot register online
    • ", + "

    What you need to know

    ", + "

    You need to provide details like your turnover, business activity and bank details.

    ", + "

    Your registration date is known as your \u2018effective date of registration\u2019. You\u2019ll have to pay HMRC any VAT due from this date.

    ", + "

    You do not need to authorise an agent to register you for VAT.

    ", + "

    When to register

    ", + "

    You must register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover goes over \u00a385,000 (the \u2018threshold\u2019), or you know that it will. Your VAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.

    ", + "

    You can also register voluntarily.

    ", + "

    Compulsory registration

    ", + "

    You must register for VAT if:

    ", + "
  • you expect your VAT taxable turnover to be more than \u00a385,000 in the next 30-day period
    • ", + "
  • your business had a VAT taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 over the last 12 months
    • ", + "

    You might also need to register in some other cases, depending on the kinds of goods or services you sell and where you sell them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll exceed the VAT threshold in the next 30-day period

    ", + "

    You must register if you realise that your total VAT taxable turnover is going to be more than \u00a385,000 in the next 30-day period.

    ", + "

    You have to register by the end of that 30-day period. Your effective date of registration is the date you realised, not the date your turnover went over the threshold.

    ", + "

    If you exceeded the VAT threshold in the past 12 months

    ", + "

    You must register if, by the end of any month, your total VAT taxable turnover for the last 12 months was over \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    You have to register within 30 days of the end of the month when you went over the threshold. Your effective date of registration is the first day of the second month after you go over the threshold.

    ", + "

    If you sell goods or services that are VAT exempt and are based in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to register if you only sell goods or services that are exempt from VAT or \u2018out of scope\u2019 but you buy goods for more than \u00a385,000 from EU VAT-registered suppliers to use in your business.

    ", + "

    If you take over a VAT-registered business

    ", + "

    You may have to register for VAT.

    ", + "

    Businesses outside the UK

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no threshold if neither you nor your business is based in the UK. You must register as soon as you supply any goods and services to the UK (or if you expect to in the next 30 days).

    ", + "

    Late registration

    ", + "

    If you register late, you must pay what you owe from when you should have registered.

    ", + "

    You may get a penalty depending on how much you owe and how late your registration is.

    ", + "

    Voluntary registration

    ", + "

    You can register voluntarily if your business turnover is below \u00a385,000. You must pay HMRC any VAT you owe from the date they register you.

    ", + "

    Get an exception

    ", + "

    You can apply for a registration \u2018exception\u2019 if your taxable turnover goes over the threshold temporarily.

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC with evidence showing why you believe your VAT taxable turnover will not go over the deregistration threshold of \u00a383,000 in the next 12 months.

    ", + "

    HMRC will consider your exception and write confirming if you get one. If not, they\u2019ll register you for VAT.

    ", + "

    Selling or moving goods in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a VAT-registered business, you need to tell HMRC if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your goods are located in Northern Ireland at the time of sale
    • ", + "
  • you receive goods in Northern Ireland from VAT-registered EU businesses for business purposes
    • ", + "
  • you sell or move goods from Northern Ireland to an EU country
    • ", + "

    This means that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be eligible to use VAT simplifications when you trade with the EU
    • ", + "
  • your suppliers are able to zero rate goods that they dispatch to you from the EU
    • ", + "
  • your trade with the EU will remain acquisitions and dispatches when accounting for VAT
    • ", + "

    Tell HMRC

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for VAT
    • ", + "
  • your VAT registration number
    • ", + "
  • the name of your business
    • ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve registered

    ", + "

    When you are trading with the EU and sell goods in Northern Ireland, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • put an \u2018XI\u2019 prefix in front of your VAT number when communicating with an EU customer or supplier (your invoices will show XI in front of your VAT number - for example, XI 123456789 - instead of GB)
    • ", + "
  • complete an EC Sales List if you\u2019re selling goods from Northern Ireland to VAT-registered customers in the EU
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve stopped selling or moving goods in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve stopped selling goods in Northern Ireland or moving goods between Northern Ireland and the EU, you need to tell HMRC.

    ", + "

    Registering for VAT in EU countries

    ", + "

    You may need to register for VAT in the EU country you\u2019re selling to. Find out how to register for VAT in EU countries on the European Commission website.

    ", + "

    Supplying digital services

    ", + "

    If your business supplies digital services to consumers in EU countries, you need to register for either:

    ", + "
  • VAT MOSS in any EU country
    • ", + "
  • VAT in each country where you\u2019re supplying digital services
    • ", + "

    Register for VAT MOSS in an EU country

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to register for the VAT MOSS scheme in an EU country by the 10th day of the month after your first sale to an EU customer.

    ", + "

    Use the European Commission website to:

    ", + "
  • check if you should register for either the union or non-union VAT MOSS scheme
    • ", + "
  • find contact details to register for VAT MOSS in an EU country
    • ", + "

    Register for VAT in an EU country

    ", + "

    If you do not want to use the VAT MOSS scheme, you must register for VAT in each EU country where you supply digital services.

    ", + "

    Find out how to register for VAT in EU member states on the European Commission website.

    ", + "

    Calculate VAT taxable turnover

    ", + "

    VAT taxable turnover is the total value of everything you sell that is not exempt from VAT.

    ", + "

    You must register for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if it goes over the current registration threshold in a rolling 12-month period. This is not a fixed period like the tax year or the calendar year - it could be any period, for example the start of June to the end of May.

    ", + "

    The current threshold is \u00a385,000. It usually goes up on 1 April each year. If your business is based in Northern Ireland, there are different thresholds for buying and selling from EU countries.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    To check if you\u2019ve gone over the threshold in any 12-month period, add together the total value of your UK sales that are not VAT exempt, including:

    ", + "
  • goods you hired or loaned to customers
    • ", + "
  • business goods used for personal reasons
    • ", + "
  • goods you bartered, part-exchanged or gave as gifts
    • ", + "
  • services you received from businesses in other countries that you had to \u2018reverse charge\u2019
    • ", + "
  • building work over \u00a3100,000 your business did for itself
    • ", + "

    Include any zero-rated items - only exclude VAT-exempt sales, and goods or services you supply outside of the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over the threshold

    ", + "

    You must register for VAT - though HMRC may allow you \u2018exception from registration\u2019 if your turnover goes above the threshold temporarily.

    ", + "

    You must register straight away if you expect the value of everything you sell in the next 30 days to be over \u00a385,000. You do not need to include anything that is VAT exempt.

    ", + "

    You should check your rolling turnover regularly if you\u2019re close to going over the threshold.

    ", + "

    Thresholds for previous tax years

    ", + "

    Check historical information about VAT thresholds if you think you should have been registered in previous tax years.

    ", + "

    Purchases made before registration

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a time limit for backdating claims for VAT paid before registration. From your date of registration the time limit is:

    ", + "
  • 4 years for goods you still have, or that were used to make other goods you still have
    • ", + "
  • 6 months for services
    • ", + "

    You can only reclaim VAT on purchases for the business now registered for VAT. They must relate to your \u2018business purpose\u2019. This means they must relate to VAT taxable goods or services that you supply.

    ", + "

    You should reclaim them on your first VAT Return (add them to your Box 4 figure) and keep records including:

    ", + "
  • invoices and receipts
    • ", + "
  • a description and purchase dates
    • ", + "
  • information about how they relate to your business now
    • ", + "

    Changes to your details

    ", + "

    You must keep your VAT registration details up to date. You can change your details:

    ", + "
  • online - through your VAT online account
    • ", + "
  • by post - using form VAT484
    • ", + "
  • by webchat or phone
    • ", + "

    You must send form VAT2 to the VAT Registration Service to report any changes to a partnership.

    ", + "

    Some changes can affect your VAT registration or mean you have to cancel it.

    ", + "

    When to tell HMRC

    ", + "

    You need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about any changes to the following within 30 days or you could face a financial penalty:

    ", + "
  • the name, trading name or main address of your business
    • ", + "
  • the accountant or agent who deals with your VAT
    • ", + "
  • the members of a partnership, or the name or home address of any of the partners
    • ", + "

    Changing bank details

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC at least 14 days in advance if you\u2019re changing your bank details.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to tell your bank to change your Direct Debit details if you pay your VAT by Direct Debit, but you should not do this within 5 banking days before or after your VAT return is due.

    ", + "

    You must write to the Annual Accounting Registration Unit to change your Direct Debit details if you use the Annual Accounting Scheme. Include your registration number.

    ", + "

    Death and illness

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC within 21 days if you take on the VAT responsibilities of someone who has died or is ill.

    ", + "

    You can only do this by sending form VAT484 in the post, including details of the date of death or the date the illness started.

    ", + "

    Cancel registration

    ", + "

    You must cancel your registration if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be VAT registered. For example:

    ", + "
  • you stop trading or making VAT taxable supplies
    • ", + "
  • you join a VAT group
    • ", + "

    You must cancel within 30 days if you stop being eligible or you may be charged a penalty.

    ", + "

    You can ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to cancel your registration if your VAT taxable turnover falls below the deregistration threshold of \u00a383,000.

    ", + "

    How to cancel

    ", + "

    You can cancel your VAT registration online.

    ", + "

    Cancel your registration

    ", + "

    You can also fill in and send form VAT7 to cancel your VAT registration by post.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    It usually takes 3 weeks for HMRC to confirm your cancellation and the official cancellation date. This is either the date when the reason for your cancellation took effect (for example, when you stopped trading), or the date you asked to cancel if it\u2019s voluntary.

    ", + "

    HMRC will send confirmation to your VAT online account (or through the post if you do not apply online). From the date of cancellation you must stop charging VAT and keep your VAT records for 6 years.

    ", + "

    HMRC will automatically re-register you if they realise you should not have cancelled. You\u2019ll have to account for any VAT you should have paid in the meantime.

    ", + "

    VAT after you cancel

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to submit a final VAT Return for the period up to and including the cancellation date. You must account for any stock and other assets you have on this date if:

    ", + "
  • you could reclaim VAT when you bought them
    • ", + "
  • the total VAT due on these assets is over \u00a31,000
    • ", + "

    Do not wait until you\u2019ve received all your invoices before submitting your final return. You\u2019ll still be able to reclaim VAT on anything you bought for your business while still registered once you get the invoices.

    ", + "

    Transfer registration

    ", + "

    You can transfer a VAT registration from one business to another, or if the status of your business changes.

    ", + "

    For example, if:

    ", + "
  • you take over a company and want to keep using its VAT number
    • ", + "
  • your business changes from a partnership to a sole trader
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking over a company, the previous owner must cancel their VAT registration before you can apply to transfer the VAT number.

    ", + "

    If the status of your business changes, you must cancel your existing VAT registration and re-register.

    ", + "

    You can apply to cancel or transfer a VAT registration:

    ", + "
  • online - through your VAT online account
    • ", + "
  • by post - using form VAT68
    • ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    It usually takes 3 weeks for HMRC to confirm the transfer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling your business:

    ", + "
  • cancel your accountant\u2019s access to your VAT online account - for example if you authorised them to deal with your VAT
    • ", + "
  • cancel any direct debits on your VAT online account
    • ", + "

    You must also give your records to the buyer if you\u2019re passing on your VAT number.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying a business:

    ", + "
  • contact HMRC within 21 days of the transfer application if you want to keep the seller\u2019s accountant
    • ", + "
  • replace any self-billing arrangements with new ones
    • ", + "
  • set up new direct debits on your VAT online account
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-contractor": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-contractor", + "title": "What you must do as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) contractor", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if:\n\n- you pay subcontractors to do construction work\n\n- your business does not do construction work but you have spent more than \u00a33 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment\n\nYou may be a sole trader, in a partnership or own a limited company.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure if you need to register, check who is covered by CIS.\n\n## Rules you must follow\n\n- You must register for CIS before you take on your first subcontractor.\n\n- You must check if you should employ the person instead of subcontracting the work. You may get a penalty if they should be an employee instead.\n\n- Check with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that your subcontractors are registered with CIS.\n\n- When you pay subcontractors, you\u2019ll usually need to make deductions from their payments and pay the money to HMRC. Deductions count as advance payments towards the subcontractor\u2019s tax and National Insurance bill.\n\n- You\u2019ll need to file monthly returns and keep full CIS records - you may get a penalty if you do not.\n\n- You must let HMRC know about any changes to your business.\n\n## Who is covered by CIS\n\nThe Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) covers most construction work to buildings, including site preparation, decorating and refurbishment.\n\n## Mainstream contractors\n\nIf your business is construction and you pay subcontractors for construction work, you\u2019re a \u2018mainstream\u2019 contractor. This applies if you\u2019re a:\n\n- builder\n\n- labour agency\n\n- gangmaster (or gang leader)\n\n- property developer\n\n## Deemed contractors\n\nYou count as a \u2018deemed\u2019 contractor if your business does not do construction work but you have spent more than \u00a33 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment. This could apply to:\n\n- housing association or arm\u2019s length management organisations (ALMOs)\n\n- local authorities\n\n- government departments\n\nYou must monitor your construction spend if you are likely to become a deemed contractor.\n\n## Exceptions for contractors\n\nCIS does not apply if your work is:\n\n- paid for by a charity or trust\n\n- paid for by a governing body or head teacher of a maintained school on behalf of the local education authority\n\n- on the subcontractor\u2019s own property and worth less than \u00a31,000 excluding materials - you must call the CIS helpline to get an exemption\n\nCIS also does not apply if you\u2019re a deemed contractor paying for:\n\n- work on property (that is not for sale or rent) for your own business use\n\n- a construction contract worth less than \u00a31,000 excluding materials - you must call the CIS helpline to get an exemption\n\n## Construction work not covered by CIS\n\nThere are also certain jobs that are exempt from the scheme, including:\n\n- architecture and surveying\n\n- scaffolding hire (with no labour)\n\n- carpet fitting\n\n- delivering materials\n\n- work on construction sites that is clearly not construction, for example running a canteen or site facilities\n\nThe CIS guide for contractors and subcontractors explains in full what type of work is covered by CIS.\n\n## How to register\n\nTo register as a contractor, you need to follow the process for setting up as a new employer.\n\nWhen done, you\u2019ll get a letter from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) with the information you need to start working as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) contractor.\n\nIf your business is based outside the UK but you do construction work here, you follow a different registration process.\n\n## Help with registering\n\nIf you need help, call the new employer helpline or the CIS helpline.\n\nYou can also sign up for webinars and emails or watch videos from HMRC about CIS.\n\n## Verify subcontractors\n\nBefore you can pay a new subcontractor, you\u2019ll need to \u2018verify\u2019 them with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nHMRC will tell you:\n\n- whether they\u2019re registered for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS)\n\n- what rate of deduction to use or if you can pay them without making deductions\n\nYou must also verify subcontractors you\u2019ve used before if you have not included them on a CIS return in the current or last 2 tax years.\n\n## How to verify\n\nYou can verify subcontractors using:\n\n- the free HMRC CIS online service\n\n- commercial CIS software\n\nIf you need to verify more than 50 subcontractors you\u2019ll need to use commercial CIS software.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need\n\nMake sure you have:\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)\n\n- the reference number for your HMRC accounts office\n\n- your HMRC employer reference\n\nYou\u2019ll also need your subcontractor\u2019s:\n\n- UTR\n\n- National Insurance number if they\u2019re a sole trader - you cannot verify temporary numbers, which start with \u2018TN\u2019 or 2 digits\n\n- company name, company UTR and registration number if they\u2019re a limited company\n\n- nominated partner details, trading name and partnership UTR if they\u2019re a partnership\n\nThe details you provide to verify the subcontractor must exactly match the details the subcontractor used to register with HMRC.\n\n## Make deductions and pay subcontractors\n\nWhen you pay a subcontractor, you usually make some deductions from their payments.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you how much to deduct from a subcontractor\u2019s payments when you verify them.\n\nThe Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deduction rates are:\n\n- 20% for registered subcontractors\n\n- 30% for unregistered subcontractors\n\n- 0% if the subcontractor has \u2018gross payment\u2019 status - for example they do not have deductions made\n\nYou must pay these deductions to HMRC - they count as advance payments towards the subcontractor\u2019s tax and National Insurance bill.\n\n## How to make a CIS deduction\n\nTo make a deduction from a subcontractor\u2019s payment, start with the total (gross) amount of the subcontractor\u2019s invoice.\n\nTake away the amount the subcontractor has paid for:\n\n- VAT\n\n- materials\n\n- equipment which is now unusable (\u2018consumable stores\u2019)\n\n- fuel used, except for travelling\n\n- equipment hired for this job (\u2018plant hire\u2019)\n\n- manufacturing or prefabricating materials\n\nOnly deduct materials the subcontractor has paid for directly. Ask the subcontractor for evidence that they paid for the materials if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nFinally, deduct the CIS percentage rate (as given to you by HMRC) from the amount left. You\u2019ll be left with the net amount you need to pay the subcontractor.\n\n## Paying subcontractors\n\nYou usually pay your subcontractors directly. But you can pay them through a third party (such as a relative or debt company) if they ask you to.\n\nIf you make deductions, you must give the subcontractor a payment and deduction statement within 14 days of the end of each tax month.\n\n## If you\u2019re not making payments\n\nIf you know you\u2019re not going to make any payments to subcontractors for up to 6 months, you can ask for your scheme to be made \u2018inactive\u2019. HMRC will not send you any returns for that period.\n\nYou must file a return when you start paying subcontractors again.\n\n## Pay deductions to HMRC\n\nYou must pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) any deductions you\u2019ve made.\n\nHMRC will set up a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) payment scheme for you when you register as a contractor.\n\nIf you already have employees, HMRC will change your existing PAYE Scheme to a PAYE/CIS scheme. You should make one payment each month or quarter to cover your PAYE tax, National Insurance and CIS deductions.\n\n## When and how to pay\n\nPay HMRC every month by the 22nd (or the 19th if you\u2019re paying by post). You may be charged interest and penalties if you pay late.\n\nPay CIS deductions to HMRC in the same way as PAYE and National Insurance payments.\n\n## File your monthly returns\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) each month about payments you\u2019ve made to subcontractors through your monthly return.\n\nYou can file returns by using:\n\n- the HMRC CIS online service\n\n- some commercial CIS software\n\nOn your return, you must declare that the subcontractors listed are not employees.\n\nYou could get a penalty of up to \u00a33,000 if you give the wrong employment status for a subcontractor on your monthly return.\n\n## If you made no payments\n\nYou do not have to file a return for the months when you made no payments to subcontractors, but you must tell HMRC that no return is due.\n\nYou can contact HMRC to make an \u2018inactivity request if you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors. This lasts for 6 months.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if you start using subcontractors again.\n\nPhone lines are currently busier than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can use your online account to tell HMRC.\n\n## Using commercial CIS software\n\nYour return must not include any negative values if you\u2019re using commercial CIS software.\n\nIf any entries come to less than 0, you should put \u20180\u2019 instead.\n\nHMRC might ask you later to give details of any entries you\u2019ve replaced.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nSend your monthly returns to HMRC by the 19th of every month following the last tax month.\n\n## Penalties for late returns\n\nYou\u2019ll get a penalty if you miss the deadline for filing returns.\n\nThe penalty will be cancelled if you let HMRC know that you did not pay any subcontractors that month.\n\n| How late the return is | Penalty |\n\n| 1 day late | \u00a3100 |\n\n| 2 months late | \u00a3200 |\n\n| 6 months late | \u00a3300 or 5% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher |\n\n| 12 months late | \u00a3300 or 5% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher |\n\nFor returns later than this, you may be given an additional penalty of up to \u00a33,000 or 100% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher.\n\nPay your late filing penalty.\n\n## If you disagree with a penalty\n\nYou can appeal within 30 days of the date on the penalty notice:\n\n- through HMRC\u2019s online service\n\n- by writing to HMRC - quote your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) and the payment reference shown on the notice\n\n## Correcting or changing returns\n\nUse the HMRC CIS online service to change or correct something on your return.\n\nCall the CIS helpline if you need any help with this.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nUnder the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you must keep records of:\n\n- the gross amount of each payment invoiced by subcontractors, excluding VAT\n\n- any deductions you\u2019ve made from subcontractor payments\n\nIf you made deductions, you must also keep records of the costs of materials the subcontractor invoiced you for, excluding VAT.\n\nKeep these details for at least 3 years after the end of the tax year they relate to. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) could ask to see your CIS records at any time.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a33,000 if you cannot show your CIS records when asked by HMRC.\n\n## Tell HMRC about changes\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if:\n\n- you change address (as an individual or business)\n\n- you change your business structure - for example from sole trader to limited company or vice versa\n\n- a contractor dies\n\n- you\u2019re a multiple contractor and you take on another contractor\u2019s business - you must tell HMRC within 90 days\n\n## If you stop trading or using subcontractors\n\nYou must:\n\n- tell HMRC\n\n- stop filing monthly CIS reports\n\nDo this even if you\u2019ve stopped using subcontractors temporarily, for example because you\u2019re using your own employees to carry out work.\n\n## If you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors\n\nYou can contact HMRC to make an \u2018inactivity request\u2019 if you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors. This lasts for 6 months.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if you start using subcontractors again.\n\nPhone lines are currently busier than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can use your online account to tell HMRC.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if:

    ", + "
  • you pay subcontractors to do construction work
    • ", + "
  • your business does not do construction work but you have spent more than \u00a33 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment
    • ", + "

    You may be a sole trader, in a partnership or own a limited company.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure if you need to register, check who is covered by CIS.

    ", + "

    Rules you must follow

    ", + "
  • You must register for CIS before you take on your first subcontractor.
    • ", + "
  • You must check if you should employ the person instead of subcontracting the work. You may get a penalty if they should be an employee instead.
    • ", + "
  • Check with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that your subcontractors are registered with CIS.
    • ", + "
  • When you pay subcontractors, you\u2019ll usually need to make deductions from their payments and pay the money to HMRC. Deductions count as advance payments towards the subcontractor\u2019s tax and National Insurance bill.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll need to file monthly returns and keep full CIS records - you may get a penalty if you do not.
    • ", + "
  • You must let HMRC know about any changes to your business.
    • ", + "

    Who is covered by CIS

    ", + "

    The Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) covers most construction work to buildings, including site preparation, decorating and refurbishment.

    ", + "

    Mainstream contractors

    ", + "

    If your business is construction and you pay subcontractors for construction work, you\u2019re a \u2018mainstream\u2019 contractor. This applies if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • builder
    • ", + "
  • labour agency
    • ", + "
  • gangmaster (or gang leader)
    • ", + "
  • property developer
    • ", + "

    Deemed contractors

    ", + "

    You count as a \u2018deemed\u2019 contractor if your business does not do construction work but you have spent more than \u00a33 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment. This could apply to:

    ", + "
  • housing association or arm\u2019s length management organisations (ALMOs)
    • ", + "
  • local authorities
    • ", + "
  • government departments
    • ", + "

    You must monitor your construction spend if you are likely to become a deemed contractor.

    ", + "

    Exceptions for contractors

    ", + "

    CIS does not apply if your work is:

    ", + "
  • paid for by a charity or trust
    • ", + "
  • paid for by a governing body or head teacher of a maintained school on behalf of the local education authority
    • ", + "
  • on the subcontractor\u2019s own property and worth less than \u00a31,000 excluding materials - you must call the CIS helpline to get an exemption
    • ", + "

    CIS also does not apply if you\u2019re a deemed contractor paying for:

    ", + "
  • work on property (that is not for sale or rent) for your own business use
    • ", + "
  • a construction contract worth less than \u00a31,000 excluding materials - you must call the CIS helpline to get an exemption
    • ", + "

    Construction work not covered by CIS

    ", + "

    There are also certain jobs that are exempt from the scheme, including:

    ", + "
  • architecture and surveying
    • ", + "
  • scaffolding hire (with no labour)
    • ", + "
  • carpet fitting
    • ", + "
  • delivering materials
    • ", + "
  • work on construction sites that is clearly not construction, for example running a canteen or site facilities
    • ", + "

    The CIS guide for contractors and subcontractors explains in full what type of work is covered by CIS.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    To register as a contractor, you need to follow the process for setting up as a new employer.

    ", + "

    When done, you\u2019ll get a letter from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) with the information you need to start working as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) contractor.

    ", + "

    If your business is based outside the UK but you do construction work here, you follow a different registration process.

    ", + "

    Help with registering

    ", + "

    If you need help, call the new employer helpline or the CIS helpline.

    ", + "

    You can also sign up for webinars and emails or watch videos from HMRC about CIS.

    ", + "

    Verify subcontractors

    ", + "

    Before you can pay a new subcontractor, you\u2019ll need to \u2018verify\u2019 them with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    HMRC will tell you:

    ", + "
  • whether they\u2019re registered for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS)
    • ", + "
  • what rate of deduction to use or if you can pay them without making deductions
    • ", + "

    You must also verify subcontractors you\u2019ve used before if you have not included them on a CIS return in the current or last 2 tax years.

    ", + "

    How to verify

    ", + "

    You can verify subcontractors using:

    ", + "
  • the free HMRC CIS online service
    • ", + "
  • commercial CIS software
    • ", + "

    If you need to verify more than 50 subcontractors you\u2019ll need to use commercial CIS software.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    Make sure you have:

    ", + "
  • your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)
    • ", + "
  • the reference number for your HMRC accounts office
    • ", + "
  • your HMRC employer reference
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need your subcontractor\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • UTR
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance number if they\u2019re a sole trader - you cannot verify temporary numbers, which start with \u2018TN\u2019 or 2 digits
    • ", + "
  • company name, company UTR and registration number if they\u2019re a limited company
    • ", + "
  • nominated partner details, trading name and partnership UTR if they\u2019re a partnership
    • ", + "

    The details you provide to verify the subcontractor must exactly match the details the subcontractor used to register with HMRC.

    ", + "

    Make deductions and pay subcontractors

    ", + "

    When you pay a subcontractor, you usually make some deductions from their payments.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you how much to deduct from a subcontractor\u2019s payments when you verify them.

    ", + "

    The Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deduction rates are:

    ", + "
  • 20% for registered subcontractors
    • ", + "
  • 30% for unregistered subcontractors
    • ", + "
  • 0% if the subcontractor has \u2018gross payment\u2019 status - for example they do not have deductions made
    • ", + "

    You must pay these deductions to HMRC - they count as advance payments towards the subcontractor\u2019s tax and National Insurance bill.

    ", + "

    How to make a CIS deduction

    ", + "

    To make a deduction from a subcontractor\u2019s payment, start with the total (gross) amount of the subcontractor\u2019s invoice.

    ", + "

    Take away the amount the subcontractor has paid for:

    ", + "
  • VAT
    • ", + "
  • materials
    • ", + "
  • equipment which is now unusable (\u2018consumable stores\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • fuel used, except for travelling
    • ", + "
  • equipment hired for this job (\u2018plant hire\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • manufacturing or prefabricating materials
    • ", + "

    Only deduct materials the subcontractor has paid for directly. Ask the subcontractor for evidence that they paid for the materials if you\u2019re unsure.

    ", + "

    Finally, deduct the CIS percentage rate (as given to you by HMRC) from the amount left. You\u2019ll be left with the net amount you need to pay the subcontractor.

    ", + "

    Paying subcontractors

    ", + "

    You usually pay your subcontractors directly. But you can pay them through a third party (such as a relative or debt company) if they ask you to.

    ", + "

    If you make deductions, you must give the subcontractor a payment and deduction statement within 14 days of the end of each tax month.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not making payments

    ", + "

    If you know you\u2019re not going to make any payments to subcontractors for up to 6 months, you can ask for your scheme to be made \u2018inactive\u2019. HMRC will not send you any returns for that period.

    ", + "

    You must file a return when you start paying subcontractors again.

    ", + "

    Pay deductions to HMRC

    ", + "

    You must pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) any deductions you\u2019ve made.

    ", + "

    HMRC will set up a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) payment scheme for you when you register as a contractor.

    ", + "

    If you already have employees, HMRC will change your existing PAYE Scheme to a PAYE/CIS scheme. You should make one payment each month or quarter to cover your PAYE tax, National Insurance and CIS deductions.

    ", + "

    When and how to pay

    ", + "

    Pay HMRC every month by the 22nd (or the 19th if you\u2019re paying by post). You may be charged interest and penalties if you pay late.

    ", + "

    Pay CIS deductions to HMRC in the same way as PAYE and National Insurance payments.

    ", + "

    File your monthly returns

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) each month about payments you\u2019ve made to subcontractors through your monthly return.

    ", + "

    You can file returns by using:

    ", + "
  • the HMRC CIS online service
    • ", + "
  • some commercial CIS software
    • ", + "

    On your return, you must declare that the subcontractors listed are not employees.

    ", + "

    You could get a penalty of up to \u00a33,000 if you give the wrong employment status for a subcontractor on your monthly return.

    ", + "

    If you made no payments

    ", + "

    You do not have to file a return for the months when you made no payments to subcontractors, but you must tell HMRC that no return is due.

    ", + "

    You can contact HMRC to make an \u2018inactivity request if you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors. This lasts for 6 months.

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC if you start using subcontractors again.

    ", + "

    Phone lines are currently busier than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can use your online account to tell HMRC.

    ", + "

    Using commercial CIS software

    ", + "

    Your return must not include any negative values if you\u2019re using commercial CIS software.

    ", + "

    If any entries come to less than 0, you should put \u20180\u2019 instead.

    ", + "

    HMRC might ask you later to give details of any entries you\u2019ve replaced.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    Send your monthly returns to HMRC by the 19th of every month following the last tax month.

    ", + "

    Penalties for late returns

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a penalty if you miss the deadline for filing returns.

    ", + "

    The penalty will be cancelled if you let HMRC know that you did not pay any subcontractors that month.

    ", + "How late the return is | Penalty", + "1 day late | \u00a3100", + "2 months late | \u00a3200", + "6 months late | \u00a3300 or 5% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher", + "12 months late | \u00a3300 or 5% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher", + "

    For returns later than this, you may be given an additional penalty of up to \u00a33,000 or 100% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher.

    ", + "

    Pay your late filing penalty.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a penalty

    ", + "

    You can appeal within 30 days of the date on the penalty notice:

    ", + "
  • through HMRC\u2019s online service
    • ", + "
  • by writing to HMRC - quote your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) and the payment reference shown on the notice
    • ", + "

    Correcting or changing returns

    ", + "

    Use the HMRC CIS online service to change or correct something on your return.

    ", + "

    Call the CIS helpline if you need any help with this.

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    Under the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you must keep records of:

    ", + "
  • the gross amount of each payment invoiced by subcontractors, excluding VAT
    • ", + "
  • any deductions you\u2019ve made from subcontractor payments
    • ", + "

    If you made deductions, you must also keep records of the costs of materials the subcontractor invoiced you for, excluding VAT.

    ", + "

    Keep these details for at least 3 years after the end of the tax year they relate to. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) could ask to see your CIS records at any time.

    ", + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a33,000 if you cannot show your CIS records when asked by HMRC.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC about changes

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if:

    ", + "
  • you change address (as an individual or business)
    • ", + "
  • you change your business structure - for example from sole trader to limited company or vice versa
    • ", + "
  • a contractor dies
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a multiple contractor and you take on another contractor\u2019s business - you must tell HMRC within 90 days
    • ", + "

    If you stop trading or using subcontractors

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • tell HMRC
    • ", + "
  • stop filing monthly CIS reports
    • ", + "

    Do this even if you\u2019ve stopped using subcontractors temporarily, for example because you\u2019re using your own employees to carry out work.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors

    ", + "

    You can contact HMRC to make an \u2018inactivity request\u2019 if you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors. This lasts for 6 months.

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC if you start using subcontractors again.

    ", + "

    Phone lines are currently busier than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can use your online account to tell HMRC.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor", + "title": "What you must do as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) subcontractor", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou should register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if you work for a contractor and you\u2019re one of the following:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- the owner of a limited company\n\n- a partner in a partnership or trust\n\nUnder CIS, a contractor must deduct 20% from your payments and pass it to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nThese deductions count as advance payments towards your tax and National Insurance bill.\n\nIf you do not register for the scheme, contractors must deduct 30% from your payments instead.\n\n## If you do not want deductions made\n\nIf you do not want deductions to be made in advance by contractors, you can apply for \u2018gross payment status\u2019. You can do this when you register for CIS.\n\nYou do not need to register for CIS if you\u2019re an employee. Check your employment status if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## How to register\n\nTo register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your legal business name - you can also give a trading name if it\u2019s different to your business name\n\n- your National Insurance Number\n\n- the unique taxpayer reference number (UTR) for your business\n\n- your VAT registration number (if you\u2019re VAT registered)\n\nIf you\u2019re a subcontractor and a contractor (you pay subcontractors to do construction work), you\u2019ll need to register for CIS as both.\n\n## Register as a sole trader\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader and you already have a UTR, you can register for CIS online. You\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for Self Assessment (or another government service).\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status at the same time.\n\nIf you do not have a UTR, register as a new business for Self Assessment and choose \u2018working as a subcontractor\u2019 when prompted. You\u2019ll be registered for Self Assessment and CIS at the same time.\n\nYou can also call the CIS helpline to register.\n\n## Register as another type of business\n\nFill in the online form for limited companies or the online form for partnerships.\n\nHMRC will register the partnership separately to your sole trader registration. They will need the partnership UTR and trading name.\n\n## You are based abroad\n\nYou should still register for CIS if you are a subcontractor based abroad but do construction work in the UK.\n\n## Help and support\n\nCall the CIS helpline for help with registering.\n\nYou can also sign up for webinars and emails or watch videos from HMRC about CIS.\n\n## Get paid\n\nTo be paid correctly by a contractor, make sure you give them the exact same legal business name or trading name you gave when you registered for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS). You should also give them your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) so they can verify you.\n\nIf you do not, this could affect how much you get paid.\n\n## Deduction rates\n\nWhen a contractor pays you under CIS, they\u2019ll normally make deductions at the standard rate of 20%.\n\nContractors will make deductions at a higher rate of 30% if:\n\n- you are not registered for CIS\n\n- they cannot verify you\n\n- you give the wrong name for your business\n\nYour contractor should give you monthly statements of payments and deductions. Use them to calculate whether you still owe tax and National Insurance to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or are due a refund.\n\n## Gross payment status\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS. This means the contractor will not make deductions from your payments and you\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.\n\n## What does not count as your pay\n\nContractors will not make a deduction from amounts you charge on your invoice for:\n\n- VAT\n\n- materials that you have paid for directly\n\n- equipment which is now unusable (\u2018consumable stores\u2019)\n\n- plant hired for the job\n\n- manufacturing or prefabricating materials\n\n## Pay tax and claim back deductions\n\nWhen you\u2019re registered with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you\u2019re still responsible for paying the correct tax and National Insurance for your business, even if deductions have been made by contractors throughout the year.\n\nContractors will give you a monthly statement of what they\u2019ve paid you and deductions they\u2019ve made to help with your accounting.\n\n## Sole traders and partners\n\nAt the end of the tax year, send in your Self Assessment tax return as usual. You should record:\n\n- the full amounts on your invoices as income\n\n- any deductions contractors have made in the \u2018CIS deductions\u2019 field\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out your tax and National Insurance bill and take off any deductions made by contractors.\n\nIf you still owe tax after this, you\u2019ll need to pay it by 31 January following the end of the tax year.\n\nIf you\u2019re due a tax refund, HMRC will pay the money back.\n\n## Limited companies\n\nIf you have gross payment status, declare all your income in your Corporation Tax return as usual.\n\nIf you pay CIS deductions, you must claim these back through your company\u2019s monthly payroll scheme. Do not try to claim back through your Corporation Tax return - you may get a penalty if you do.\n\n- Send your monthly Full Payment Submission (FPS) as usual to HMRC.\n\n- Also send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS). Enter the total CIS deductions for the year to date.\n\n- HMRC will take your CIS deductions off what you owe in PAYE tax and National Insurance. Pay the balance by the usual date.\n\nIf your company\u2019s PAYE bill for the period is reduced to zero and you still have some CIS deductions you have not been able to claim back, carry these forward to the next month or quarter (in the same tax year). Tell HMRC in the EPS that you have nothing to pay.\n\n## If HMRC thinks your claim is wrong\n\nHMRC may ask you to provide evidence for your CIS deductions or to change your claim.\n\nIf you do not do this by the deadline they give you, you will not be able to make any more claims in that tax year.\n\nYou can appeal HMRC\u2019s decision. They\u2019ll tell you how to do this.\n\n## Keep records\n\nYour company must keep a record of amounts claimed back against your monthly or quarterly PAYE bill.\n\nYou can use form CIS132 to do this or keep your own records.\n\n## If you paid too much in CIS deductions\n\nHMRC will pay back any deductions your company has not been able to claim back from its PAYE bill during the tax year.\n\n## If your company goes into administration\n\nIf your company goes into administration or liquidation, the person managing it should write to HMRC to ask for CIS deductions to be repaid straight away.\n\n## If you do not have all your CIS statements\n\nIf you have not received all the CIS statements you need from your contractor, you can ask them to send you replacement copies.\n\nIf the contractor you\u2019re working for stops trading and you have not been able to get all your CIS statements you should write to HMRC.\n\nInclude the following information:\n\n- your name, address and Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)\n\n- the name and address of the contractor\n\n- the contractor\u2019s tax reference - if you know it\n\n- the dates of the payments or the tax months when the contractor paid you\n\n- the reason why you do not have the statements or duplicates\n\n## How to get gross payment status\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS.\n\nThis means contractors will pay you in full, without deductions. You\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.\n\nIf you\u2019re already registered for CIS, you can apply for gross payment status by calling the CIS helpline or applying online.\n\n## Apply for gross payment status online\n\n- Sign in to Government Gateway - you\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for CIS. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you register for CIS.\n\n- From \u2018Your tax account\u2019, go to \u2018Other services\u2019.\n\n- Choose \u2018Construction Industry Scheme \u2013 Subcontractors\u2019.\n\n## To qualify\n\nYou must show HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that your business passes some tests. You\u2019ll need to show that:\n\n- you\u2019ve paid your tax and National Insurance on time in the past\n\n- your business does construction work (or provides labour for it) in the UK\n\n- your business is run through a bank account\n\nHMRC will look at your turnover for the last 12 months. Ignoring VAT and the cost of materials, your turnover must be at least:\n\n- \u00a330,000 if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- \u00a330,000 for each partner in a partnership, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole partnership\n\n- \u00a330,000 for each director of a company, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole company\n\nIf your company\u2019s controlled by 5 people or fewer, you must have an annual turnover of \u00a330,000 for each of them.\n\nYou could be fined if you provide false information or help someone else to make a false application.\n\n## Paying tax when you have gross payment status\n\nYou must declare your payments as income at the end of the tax year in:\n\n- your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner\n\n- your Corporation Tax return if you own a limited company\n\n## Annual review\n\nIf you have gross payment status, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will review your business every year, to decide if you can keep your status.\n\nYou must be on time with your tax returns and payments to keep your gross payment status.\n\nIf you run a limited company, HMRC will review the company itself, rather than individual directors or shareholders.\n\n## You do not meet all the conditions\n\nYou could fail the review and HMRC will remove your gross payment status. You\u2019ll be allowed a small amount of late payments or returns.\n\nContact HMRC if you have problems paying your tax on time. If HMRC give you more time to pay, this will not affect your gross payment status.\n\n## You fail your review\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter explaining you\u2019re about to fail the review, along with the reasons why.\n\nIf you disagree, you can write back with your reasons.\n\nIf HMRC accept your explanation, they will not remove your gross payment status.\n\nIf you do not reply to the letter or HMRC does not accept your explanation, they\u2019ll write to explain:\n\n- what conditions you have not met\n\n- that they\u2019re withdrawing your gross payment status in 90 days\n\nIf you think HMRC have made the wrong decision, you have 30 days from the date of this letter to appeal.\n\n## Reapplying for gross payment status\n\nIf HMRC cancel your gross payment status, you need to wait a year from the date of the cancellation before you can reapply.\n\n## Changes you need to report\n\nReport changes by calling the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) helpline.\n\nTell them if you:\n\n- change from a sole trader to a partnership\n\n- leave a partnership or company to become a sole trader\n\n- create a company or change your business to a company\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to register again for CIS - as you cannot transfer the registration from your old business structure.\n\nIf you have gross payment status, you\u2019ll need to apply again.\n\nYou must also tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:\n\n- change your trading name\n\n- change your business, private or registered office address\n\n- stop trading\n\n- add new shareholders - HMRC may withdraw your gross payment status if you do not tell them within 30 days\n\n## Stop trading\n\nIf your business goes into administration it can keep receiving payments for work it\u2019s done under CIS. It should be paid in the same way that it was paid normally - either gross or under deduction.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You should register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if you work for a contractor and you\u2019re one of the following:

    ", + "
  • self-employed
    • ", + "
  • the owner of a limited company
    • ", + "
  • a partner in a partnership or trust
    • ", + "

    Under CIS, a contractor must deduct 20% from your payments and pass it to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    These deductions count as advance payments towards your tax and National Insurance bill.

    ", + "

    If you do not register for the scheme, contractors must deduct 30% from your payments instead.

    ", + "

    If you do not want deductions made

    ", + "

    If you do not want deductions to be made in advance by contractors, you can apply for \u2018gross payment status\u2019. You can do this when you register for CIS.

    ", + "

    You do not need to register for CIS if you\u2019re an employee. Check your employment status if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    To register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your legal business name - you can also give a trading name if it\u2019s different to your business name
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance Number
    • ", + "
  • the unique taxpayer reference number (UTR) for your business
    • ", + "
  • your VAT registration number (if you\u2019re VAT registered)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a subcontractor and a contractor (you pay subcontractors to do construction work), you\u2019ll need to register for CIS as both.

    ", + "

    Register as a sole trader

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader and you already have a UTR, you can register for CIS online. You\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for Self Assessment (or another government service).

    ", + "

    You can apply for gross payment status at the same time.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a UTR, register as a new business for Self Assessment and choose \u2018working as a subcontractor\u2019 when prompted. You\u2019ll be registered for Self Assessment and CIS at the same time.

    ", + "

    You can also call the CIS helpline to register.

    ", + "

    Register as another type of business

    ", + "

    Fill in the online form for limited companies or the online form for partnerships.

    ", + "

    HMRC will register the partnership separately to your sole trader registration. They will need the partnership UTR and trading name.

    ", + "

    You are based abroad

    ", + "

    You should still register for CIS if you are a subcontractor based abroad but do construction work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Help and support

    ", + "

    Call the CIS helpline for help with registering.

    ", + "

    You can also sign up for webinars and emails or watch videos from HMRC about CIS.

    ", + "

    Get paid

    ", + "

    To be paid correctly by a contractor, make sure you give them the exact same legal business name or trading name you gave when you registered for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS). You should also give them your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) so they can verify you.

    ", + "

    If you do not, this could affect how much you get paid.

    ", + "

    Deduction rates

    ", + "

    When a contractor pays you under CIS, they\u2019ll normally make deductions at the standard rate of 20%.

    ", + "

    Contractors will make deductions at a higher rate of 30% if:

    ", + "
  • you are not registered for CIS
    • ", + "
  • they cannot verify you
    • ", + "
  • you give the wrong name for your business
    • ", + "

    Your contractor should give you monthly statements of payments and deductions. Use them to calculate whether you still owe tax and National Insurance to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or are due a refund.

    ", + "

    Gross payment status

    ", + "

    You can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS. This means the contractor will not make deductions from your payments and you\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    What does not count as your pay

    ", + "

    Contractors will not make a deduction from amounts you charge on your invoice for:

    ", + "
  • VAT
    • ", + "
  • materials that you have paid for directly
    • ", + "
  • equipment which is now unusable (\u2018consumable stores\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • plant hired for the job
    • ", + "
  • manufacturing or prefabricating materials
    • ", + "

    Pay tax and claim back deductions

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re registered with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you\u2019re still responsible for paying the correct tax and National Insurance for your business, even if deductions have been made by contractors throughout the year.

    ", + "

    Contractors will give you a monthly statement of what they\u2019ve paid you and deductions they\u2019ve made to help with your accounting.

    ", + "

    Sole traders and partners

    ", + "

    At the end of the tax year, send in your Self Assessment tax return as usual. You should record:

    ", + "
  • the full amounts on your invoices as income
    • ", + "
  • any deductions contractors have made in the \u2018CIS deductions\u2019 field
    • ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out your tax and National Insurance bill and take off any deductions made by contractors.

    ", + "

    If you still owe tax after this, you\u2019ll need to pay it by 31 January following the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re due a tax refund, HMRC will pay the money back.

    ", + "

    Limited companies

    ", + "

    If you have gross payment status, declare all your income in your Corporation Tax return as usual.

    ", + "

    If you pay CIS deductions, you must claim these back through your company\u2019s monthly payroll scheme. Do not try to claim back through your Corporation Tax return - you may get a penalty if you do.

    ", + "
  • Send your monthly Full Payment Submission (FPS) as usual to HMRC.
    • ", + "
  • Also send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS). Enter the total CIS deductions for the year to date.
    • ", + "
  • HMRC will take your CIS deductions off what you owe in PAYE tax and National Insurance. Pay the balance by the usual date.
    • ", + "

    If your company\u2019s PAYE bill for the period is reduced to zero and you still have some CIS deductions you have not been able to claim back, carry these forward to the next month or quarter (in the same tax year). Tell HMRC in the EPS that you have nothing to pay.

    ", + "

    If HMRC thinks your claim is wrong

    ", + "

    HMRC may ask you to provide evidence for your CIS deductions or to change your claim.

    ", + "

    If you do not do this by the deadline they give you, you will not be able to make any more claims in that tax year.

    ", + "

    You can appeal HMRC\u2019s decision. They\u2019ll tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Keep records

    ", + "

    Your company must keep a record of amounts claimed back against your monthly or quarterly PAYE bill.

    ", + "

    You can use form CIS132 to do this or keep your own records.

    ", + "

    If you paid too much in CIS deductions

    ", + "

    HMRC will pay back any deductions your company has not been able to claim back from its PAYE bill during the tax year.

    ", + "

    If your company goes into administration

    ", + "

    If your company goes into administration or liquidation, the person managing it should write to HMRC to ask for CIS deductions to be repaid straight away.

    ", + "

    If you do not have all your CIS statements

    ", + "

    If you have not received all the CIS statements you need from your contractor, you can ask them to send you replacement copies.

    ", + "

    If the contractor you\u2019re working for stops trading and you have not been able to get all your CIS statements you should write to HMRC.

    ", + "

    Include the following information:

    ", + "
  • your name, address and Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of the contractor
    • ", + "
  • the contractor\u2019s tax reference - if you know it
    • ", + "
  • the dates of the payments or the tax months when the contractor paid you
    • ", + "
  • the reason why you do not have the statements or duplicates
    • ", + "

    How to get gross payment status

    ", + "

    You can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS.

    ", + "

    This means contractors will pay you in full, without deductions. You\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already registered for CIS, you can apply for gross payment status by calling the CIS helpline or applying online.

    ", + "

    Apply for gross payment status online

    ", + "
  • Sign in to Government Gateway - you\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for CIS. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you register for CIS.
    • ", + "
  • From \u2018Your tax account\u2019, go to \u2018Other services\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Choose \u2018Construction Industry Scheme \u2013 Subcontractors\u2019.
    • ", + "

    To qualify

    ", + "

    You must show HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that your business passes some tests. You\u2019ll need to show that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve paid your tax and National Insurance on time in the past
    • ", + "
  • your business does construction work (or provides labour for it) in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your business is run through a bank account
    • ", + "

    HMRC will look at your turnover for the last 12 months. Ignoring VAT and the cost of materials, your turnover must be at least:

    ", + "
  • \u00a330,000 if you\u2019re a sole trader
    • ", + "
  • \u00a330,000 for each partner in a partnership, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole partnership
    • ", + "
  • \u00a330,000 for each director of a company, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole company
    • ", + "

    If your company\u2019s controlled by 5 people or fewer, you must have an annual turnover of \u00a330,000 for each of them.

    ", + "

    You could be fined if you provide false information or help someone else to make a false application.

    ", + "

    Paying tax when you have gross payment status

    ", + "

    You must declare your payments as income at the end of the tax year in:

    ", + "
  • your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner
    • ", + "
  • your Corporation Tax return if you own a limited company
    • ", + "

    Annual review

    ", + "

    If you have gross payment status, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will review your business every year, to decide if you can keep your status.

    ", + "

    You must be on time with your tax returns and payments to keep your gross payment status.

    ", + "

    If you run a limited company, HMRC will review the company itself, rather than individual directors or shareholders.

    ", + "

    You do not meet all the conditions

    ", + "

    You could fail the review and HMRC will remove your gross payment status. You\u2019ll be allowed a small amount of late payments or returns.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you have problems paying your tax on time. If HMRC give you more time to pay, this will not affect your gross payment status.

    ", + "

    You fail your review

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter explaining you\u2019re about to fail the review, along with the reasons why.

    ", + "

    If you disagree, you can write back with your reasons.

    ", + "

    If HMRC accept your explanation, they will not remove your gross payment status.

    ", + "

    If you do not reply to the letter or HMRC does not accept your explanation, they\u2019ll write to explain:

    ", + "
  • what conditions you have not met
    • ", + "
  • that they\u2019re withdrawing your gross payment status in 90 days
    • ", + "

    If you think HMRC have made the wrong decision, you have 30 days from the date of this letter to appeal.

    ", + "

    Reapplying for gross payment status

    ", + "

    If HMRC cancel your gross payment status, you need to wait a year from the date of the cancellation before you can reapply.

    ", + "

    Changes you need to report

    ", + "

    Report changes by calling the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) helpline.

    ", + "

    Tell them if you:

    ", + "
  • change from a sole trader to a partnership
    • ", + "
  • leave a partnership or company to become a sole trader
    • ", + "
  • create a company or change your business to a company
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to register again for CIS - as you cannot transfer the registration from your old business structure.

    ", + "

    If you have gross payment status, you\u2019ll need to apply again.

    ", + "

    You must also tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:

    ", + "
  • change your trading name
    • ", + "
  • change your business, private or registered office address
    • ", + "
  • stop trading
    • ", + "
  • add new shareholders - HMRC may withdraw your gross payment status if you do not tell them within 30 days
    • ", + "

    Stop trading

    ", + "

    If your business goes into administration it can keep receiving payments for work it\u2019s done under CIS. It should be paid in the same way that it was paid normally - either gross or under deduction.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/work-out-capital-allowances": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/work-out-capital-allowances", + "title": "Work out your capital allowances", + "content": "## Writing down allowances\n\nWhen you buy business assets you can usually deduct the full value from your profits before tax using annual investment allowance (AIA).\n\nUse writing down allowances instead if:\n\n- you\u2019ve already claimed AIA on items worth a total of more than the AIA amount\n\n- the item doesn\u2019t qualify for AIA (for example, cars, gifts or things you owned before you used them in your business)\n\nWriting down allowances is when you deduct a percentage of the value of an item from your profits each year.\n\nThe percentage you deduct depends on the item. For business cars the rate depends on their CO2 emissions.\n\n## Work out the value of your item\n\nIn most cases, the value is what you paid for the item. Use the market value (the amount you\u2019d expect to sell it for) instead if:\n\n- you owned it before you started using it in your business\n\n- it was a gift\n\n## How to claim\n\nGroup the things you\u2019ve bought into \u2018pools\u2019 based on the percentage rate they qualify for.\n\nWhen you know the rate for your items, work out how much you can claim and deduct it from your profits before tax on your tax return.\n\nThe amount left in each pool becomes the starting balance for the next accounting period.\n\n## Rates and pools\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming writing down allowances, group items into pools depending on which rate they qualify for.\n\nThe 3 types of pool are the:\n\n- main pool with a rate of 18%\n\n- special rate pool with a rate of 6%\n\n- single asset pools with a rate of 18% or 6% depending on the item\n\n## Main rate pool\n\nAdd the value of all \u2018plant and machinery\u2019 you\u2019ve bought to the main rate pool, unless they\u2019re in:\n\n- the special rate pool\n\n- a single asset pool (for example, because you have chosen to treat them as \u2018short life\u2019 assets or you\u2019ve used them outside your business)\n\n## Special rate pool\n\nYou have to claim a lower rate of 6% on:\n\n- parts of a building considered integral - known as \u2018integral features\u2019\n\n- items with a long life\n\n- thermal insulation of buildings\n\n- cars with CO2 emissions over a certain threshold - check the threshold for your car, which depends on the car and when you bought it\n\nYou can claim AIA on these items apart from cars. Only claim writing down allowances at 6% if you\u2019ve already claimed AIA on items worth a total of more than the AIA amount.\n\n## Integral features\n\nIntegral features are:\n\n- lifts, escalators and moving walkways\n\n- space and water heating systems\n\n- air-conditioning and air cooling systems\n\n- hot and cold water systems (but not toilet and kitchen facilities)\n\n- electrical systems, including lighting systems\n\n- external solar shading\n\nBuildings themselves don\u2019t qualify for capital allowances.\n\n## Items with a long life\n\nThese are items with a useful life of at least 25 years from when they were new.\n\nPut them in the special rate pool if the value of all the long-life items you buy in a single accounting period (the tax year if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner) adds up to \u00a3100,000. Put them in the main rate pool if their total value is less than \u00a3100,000.\n\nThis \u00a3100,000 limit is adjusted if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.\n\n## Single asset pools\n\nYou might need to create one or more separate pools for single assets that:\n\n- have a short life (for assets you aren\u2019t going to keep for a long time)\n\n- you use outside your business if you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner\n\n## Short life assets\n\nIt\u2019s up to you to decide whether you want to treat something as a short life asset. You can\u2019t include:\n\n- cars\n\n- items you also use outside your business\n\n- special rate items\n\nLarge numbers of very similar items can be pooled together (for example, crockery in a restaurant).\n\nThe pool ends when you sell the asset. This means you can claim the capital allowances over a shorter period.\n\nMove the balance into your main pool in your next accounting period or tax year if you\u2019re still using the item after 8 years.\n\n## Let HMRC know\n\nLet HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) know on your tax return if you\u2019re a limited company and you decide to create a short life asset pool. You must do this within 2 years of the end of the tax year when you bought the item.\n\nLet HMRC know in writing if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner - include how much the item cost and when you acquired it. The deadline is the online filing deadline (31 January) for the tax year after the one you bought the item in.\n\n## Things you also use outside your business\n\nIf you use an item outside your business and you\u2019re a sole trader or partner, put it in a separate pool.\n\nWork out your capital allowances at the main rate (18%) or the special rate (6%) depending on what the item is.\n\nReduce the amount of capital allowances you can claim by the amount you use the asset outside your business.\n\n## If your accounting period is more or less than 12 months\n\nYou need to adjust the amount of writing down allowances you can claim if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.\n\n## Items you\u2019ve claimed AIA or first year allowances on\n\nRecord any items you\u2019ve claimed annual investment allowance (AIA) or first year allowances on in the pool they qualify for. If you claim the full cost of an item you\u2019ll need to write down their value as zero. This will help you to work out whether you owe tax if you sell them.\n\n## Items not claimed\n\nAdd costs you haven\u2019t claimed first year allowances or annual investment allowance (AIA) on to the pool in the following year.\n\n## What to do next\n\nWhen you know the rate for your items, work out how much you can claim.\n\n## Work out what you can claim\n\nYou can claim the full cost of the item if you\u2019re claiming:\n\n- annual investment allowance (AIA)\n\n- first year allowances\n\nYou claim based on the rate for items that don\u2019t qualify for AIA or first year allowances.\n\n## Work out your allowance\n\nWork out what you can claim separately for each pool.\n\n- Take your closing balance from your last accounting period.\n\n- Add the value of anything you\u2019ve bought or been given in the current period that qualifies for this pool. Only include VAT if you\u2019re not VAT registered.\n\n- Deduct the value of anything you sold or \u2018disposed of\u2019 that originally qualified for this pool.\n\n- Work out how much you can claim using the correct rate.\n\n- Deduct the amount you can claim from the pool to get the closing balance. This is known as the \u2018tax written down value\u2019.\n\n## Items you use outside your business\n\nFor items that are in a single asset pool because you\u2019ve used them outside your business, reduce the amount you can claim by the amount you use them privately.\n\nYou still deduct the full amount from your pool to get the closing balance.\n\n## Items you use privately that aren\u2019t in a single asset pool\n\nIf you start using something outside your business that you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances on:\n\n- add the market value of the item (the amount you\u2019d expect to sell it for) to a single asset pool\n\n- deduct the same amount from the pool it was in\n\nIf the amount you deduct is more than the balance in the pool, the difference is a \u2018balancing charge\u2019 - you must put it on your tax return.\n\n## Claiming less than you\u2019re entitled to\n\nYou don\u2019t have to claim the full amount you\u2019re entitled to. If you only claim part, the rest stays in your closing balance.\n\n## If you have \u00a31,000 or less in your pool\n\nYou can claim the full amount if the balance in your main or special rate pool is \u00a31,000 or less before you work out your allowance.\n\nThis is called a small pools allowance. It doesn\u2019t apply to single asset pools. You can either claim a small pools allowance or writing down allowances - you can\u2019t claim both.\n\nThis amount is adjusted if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim on your tax return.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Writing down allowances

    ", + "

    When you buy business assets you can usually deduct the full value from your profits before tax using annual investment allowance (AIA).

    ", + "

    Use writing down allowances instead if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve already claimed AIA on items worth a total of more than the AIA amount
    • ", + "
  • the item doesn\u2019t qualify for AIA (for example, cars, gifts or things you owned before you used them in your business)
    • ", + "

    Writing down allowances is when you deduct a percentage of the value of an item from your profits each year.

    ", + "

    The percentage you deduct depends on the item. For business cars the rate depends on their CO2 emissions.

    ", + "

    Work out the value of your item

    ", + "

    In most cases, the value is what you paid for the item. Use the market value (the amount you\u2019d expect to sell it for) instead if:

    ", + "
  • you owned it before you started using it in your business
    • ", + "
  • it was a gift
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Group the things you\u2019ve bought into \u2018pools\u2019 based on the percentage rate they qualify for.

    ", + "

    When you know the rate for your items, work out how much you can claim and deduct it from your profits before tax on your tax return.

    ", + "

    The amount left in each pool becomes the starting balance for the next accounting period.

    ", + "

    Rates and pools

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming writing down allowances, group items into pools depending on which rate they qualify for.

    ", + "

    The 3 types of pool are the:

    ", + "
  • main pool with a rate of 18%
    • ", + "
  • special rate pool with a rate of 6%
    • ", + "
  • single asset pools with a rate of 18% or 6% depending on the item
    • ", + "

    Main rate pool

    ", + "

    Add the value of all \u2018plant and machinery\u2019 you\u2019ve bought to the main rate pool, unless they\u2019re in:

    ", + "
  • the special rate pool
    • ", + "
  • a single asset pool (for example, because you have chosen to treat them as \u2018short life\u2019 assets or you\u2019ve used them outside your business)
    • ", + "

    Special rate pool

    ", + "

    You have to claim a lower rate of 6% on:

    ", + "
  • parts of a building considered integral - known as \u2018integral features\u2019
    • ", + "
  • items with a long life
    • ", + "
  • thermal insulation of buildings
    • ", + "
  • cars with CO2 emissions over a certain threshold - check the threshold for your car, which depends on the car and when you bought it
    • ", + "

    You can claim AIA on these items apart from cars. Only claim writing down allowances at 6% if you\u2019ve already claimed AIA on items worth a total of more than the AIA amount.

    ", + "

    Integral features

    ", + "

    Integral features are:

    ", + "
  • lifts, escalators and moving walkways
    • ", + "
  • space and water heating systems
    • ", + "
  • air-conditioning and air cooling systems
    • ", + "
  • hot and cold water systems (but not toilet and kitchen facilities)
    • ", + "
  • electrical systems, including lighting systems
    • ", + "
  • external solar shading
    • ", + "

    Buildings themselves don\u2019t qualify for capital allowances.

    ", + "

    Items with a long life

    ", + "

    These are items with a useful life of at least 25 years from when they were new.

    ", + "

    Put them in the special rate pool if the value of all the long-life items you buy in a single accounting period (the tax year if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner) adds up to \u00a3100,000. Put them in the main rate pool if their total value is less than \u00a3100,000.

    ", + "

    This \u00a3100,000 limit is adjusted if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.

    ", + "

    Single asset pools

    ", + "

    You might need to create one or more separate pools for single assets that:

    ", + "
  • have a short life (for assets you aren\u2019t going to keep for a long time)
    • ", + "
  • you use outside your business if you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner
    • ", + "

    Short life assets

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to you to decide whether you want to treat something as a short life asset. You can\u2019t include:

    ", + "
  • cars
    • ", + "
  • items you also use outside your business
    • ", + "
  • special rate items
    • ", + "

    Large numbers of very similar items can be pooled together (for example, crockery in a restaurant).

    ", + "

    The pool ends when you sell the asset. This means you can claim the capital allowances over a shorter period.

    ", + "

    Move the balance into your main pool in your next accounting period or tax year if you\u2019re still using the item after 8 years.

    ", + "

    Let HMRC know

    ", + "

    Let HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) know on your tax return if you\u2019re a limited company and you decide to create a short life asset pool. You must do this within 2 years of the end of the tax year when you bought the item.

    ", + "

    Let HMRC know in writing if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner - include how much the item cost and when you acquired it. The deadline is the online filing deadline (31 January) for the tax year after the one you bought the item in.

    ", + "

    Things you also use outside your business

    ", + "

    If you use an item outside your business and you\u2019re a sole trader or partner, put it in a separate pool.

    ", + "

    Work out your capital allowances at the main rate (18%) or the special rate (6%) depending on what the item is.

    ", + "

    Reduce the amount of capital allowances you can claim by the amount you use the asset outside your business.

    ", + "

    If your accounting period is more or less than 12 months

    ", + "

    You need to adjust the amount of writing down allowances you can claim if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.

    ", + "

    Items you\u2019ve claimed AIA or first year allowances on

    ", + "

    Record any items you\u2019ve claimed annual investment allowance (AIA) or first year allowances on in the pool they qualify for. If you claim the full cost of an item you\u2019ll need to write down their value as zero. This will help you to work out whether you owe tax if you sell them.

    ", + "

    Items not claimed

    ", + "

    Add costs you haven\u2019t claimed first year allowances or annual investment allowance (AIA) on to the pool in the following year.

    ", + "

    What to do next

    ", + "

    When you know the rate for your items, work out how much you can claim.

    ", + "

    Work out what you can claim

    ", + "

    You can claim the full cost of the item if you\u2019re claiming:

    ", + "
  • annual investment allowance (AIA)
    • ", + "
  • first year allowances
    • ", + "

    You claim based on the rate for items that don\u2019t qualify for AIA or first year allowances.

    ", + "

    Work out your allowance

    ", + "

    Work out what you can claim separately for each pool.

    ", + "
  • Take your closing balance from your last accounting period.
    • ", + "
  • Add the value of anything you\u2019ve bought or been given in the current period that qualifies for this pool. Only include VAT if you\u2019re not VAT registered.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct the value of anything you sold or \u2018disposed of\u2019 that originally qualified for this pool.
    • ", + "
  • Work out how much you can claim using the correct rate.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct the amount you can claim from the pool to get the closing balance. This is known as the \u2018tax written down value\u2019.
    • ", + "

    Items you use outside your business

    ", + "

    For items that are in a single asset pool because you\u2019ve used them outside your business, reduce the amount you can claim by the amount you use them privately.

    ", + "

    You still deduct the full amount from your pool to get the closing balance.

    ", + "

    Items you use privately that aren\u2019t in a single asset pool

    ", + "

    If you start using something outside your business that you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances on:

    ", + "
  • add the market value of the item (the amount you\u2019d expect to sell it for) to a single asset pool
    • ", + "
  • deduct the same amount from the pool it was in
    • ", + "

    If the amount you deduct is more than the balance in the pool, the difference is a \u2018balancing charge\u2019 - you must put it on your tax return.

    ", + "

    Claiming less than you\u2019re entitled to

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to claim the full amount you\u2019re entitled to. If you only claim part, the rest stays in your closing balance.

    ", + "

    If you have \u00a31,000 or less in your pool

    ", + "

    You can claim the full amount if the balance in your main or special rate pool is \u00a31,000 or less before you work out your allowance.

    ", + "

    This is called a small pools allowance. It doesn\u2019t apply to single asset pools. You can either claim a small pools allowance or writing down allowances - you can\u2019t claim both.

    ", + "

    This amount is adjusted if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Claim on your tax return.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/first-company-accounts-and-return": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/first-company-accounts-and-return", + "title": "Your limited company's first accounts and Company Tax Return", + "content": "## Overview\n\nWhen you set up your limited company, you automatically get different reporting dates for the first:\n\n- annual accounts you send to Companies House\n\n- Company Tax Return you send to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\nYou may also have to send (\u2018file\u2019) 2 tax returns to cover your first year in business.\n\n## Annual accounts\n\nYour first accounts usually cover more than 12 months. This is because they:\n\n- start on the day your company was set up (\u2018incorporated\u2019)\n\n- end on the \u2018accounting reference date\u2019 that Companies House sets for the end of your company\u2019s financial year - this is the last day of the month your company was set up\n\n## Company Tax Return\n\nThe period covered by your tax return (your \u2018accounting period\u2019 for Corporation Tax) can\u2019t be longer than 12 months. So you may have to file 2 tax returns to cover the period of your first accounts. If you do, you\u2019ll also have 2 payment deadlines.\n\nIn following years you then normally only file one tax return - and it will usually cover the same financial year as your accounts.\n\n## What you must do\n\nThe dates of your first tax return - and whether you file 2 or one - depend on whether your company:\n\n- started trading on the same day it was set up\n\n- didn\u2019t start trading until after it was set up\n\n## You started trading the day your company set up\n\nFile 2 Company Tax Returns if your company started trading on the same day it was set up - one for your company\u2019s first 12 months and one for the rest of the time covered by your company\u2019s first accounts.\n\n## Example\n\n| Action | Date |\n\n| Company set up and started trading | 11 May 2013 |\n\n| First accounting period for Corporation Tax ends | 10 May 2014 |\n\n| Accounting reference date | 31 May 2014 |\n\n| Second accounting period for Corporation Tax ends | 31 May 2014 |\n\nPrepare your first set of accounts for 11 May 2013 to 31 May 2014. Then file your:\n\n- first tax return for 11 May 2013 to 10 May 2014\n\n- second tax return for 11 to 31 May 2014\n\nAfter you do this, your accounts and tax returns will normally cover your company\u2019s financial year from 1 June to 31 May.\n\n## You started trading after your company set up\n\nLimited companies can be \u2018dormant\u2019 for Corporation Tax between setting up (\u2018incorporating\u2019) and starting to trade for the first time.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has detailed guidance on what counts as dormant for Corporation Tax.\n\nYou tell HMRC the date that you started to trade when you register for Corporation Tax.\n\nWhat you have to do if your company was dormant depends on whether you registered for Corporation Tax before your accounting reference date.\n\n## You registered for Corporation Tax before your accounting reference date\n\nYou usually:\n\n- don\u2019t file a tax return for the period you were dormant\n\n- prepare your first tax return to cover the period you were trading\n\nFile 2 tax returns if you were trading for more than 12 months - one for the first 12 months of trading and one for the rest of the time.\n\n## Example\n\n| Action | Date |\n\n| Company set up | 11 May 2013 |\n\n| Started trading | 22 July 2013 |\n\n| Register for Corporation Tax | 26 August 2013 |\n\n| Accounting reference date | 31 May 2014 |\n\nPrepare accounts for 11 May 2013 to 31 May 2014. Then file one tax return for your trading period from 22 July 2013 to 31 May 2014.\n\nAfter you do this, your dates for accounts and tax returns will normally match your company\u2019s financial year from 1 June to 31 May every year.\n\nCheck the \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019 you get after your first year. If it covers your dormant and trading periods you must file 2 tax returns - one for your trading period and one for your dormant period.\n\n## You didn\u2019t register for Corporation Tax before your accounting reference date\n\nYou must file 2 tax returns - one for the period you were dormant and one for the period you were trading.\n\n## Example:\n\n| Action | Date |\n\n| Company set up | 11 May 2013 |\n\n| Started trading | 22 July 2013 |\n\n| Accounting reference date | 31 May 2014 |\n\nPrepare one set of accounts for 11 May 2013 to 31 May 2014. Then file your:\n\n- first tax return for your dormant period from 11 May to 21 July 2013\n\n- second tax return for your trading period from 22 July 2013 to 31 May 2014\n\nAfter you do this, your dates for accounts and tax returns will normally match your company\u2019s financial year from 1 June to 31 May every year.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When you set up your limited company, you automatically get different reporting dates for the first:

    ", + "
  • annual accounts you send to Companies House
    • ", + "
  • Company Tax Return you send to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "

    You may also have to send (\u2018file\u2019) 2 tax returns to cover your first year in business.

    ", + "

    Annual accounts

    ", + "

    Your first accounts usually cover more than 12 months. This is because they:

    ", + "
  • start on the day your company was set up (\u2018incorporated\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • end on the \u2018accounting reference date\u2019 that Companies House sets for the end of your company\u2019s financial year - this is the last day of the month your company was set up
    • ", + "

    Company Tax Return

    ", + "

    The period covered by your tax return (your \u2018accounting period\u2019 for Corporation Tax) can\u2019t be longer than 12 months. So you may have to file 2 tax returns to cover the period of your first accounts. If you do, you\u2019ll also have 2 payment deadlines.

    ", + "

    In following years you then normally only file one tax return - and it will usually cover the same financial year as your accounts.

    ", + "

    What you must do

    ", + "

    The dates of your first tax return - and whether you file 2 or one - depend on whether your company:

    ", + "
  • started trading on the same day it was set up
    • ", + "
  • didn\u2019t start trading until after it was set up
    • ", + "

    You started trading the day your company set up

    ", + "

    File 2 Company Tax Returns if your company started trading on the same day it was set up - one for your company\u2019s first 12 months and one for the rest of the time covered by your company\u2019s first accounts.

    ", + "

    Example

    ", + "Action | Date", + "Company set up and started trading | 11 May 2013", + "First accounting period for Corporation Tax ends | 10 May 2014", + "Accounting reference date | 31 May 2014", + "Second accounting period for Corporation Tax ends | 31 May 2014", + "

    Prepare your first set of accounts for 11 May 2013 to 31 May 2014. Then file your:

    ", + "
  • first tax return for 11 May 2013 to 10 May 2014
    • ", + "
  • second tax return for 11 to 31 May 2014
    • ", + "

    After you do this, your accounts and tax returns will normally cover your company\u2019s financial year from 1 June to 31 May.

    ", + "

    You started trading after your company set up

    ", + "

    Limited companies can be \u2018dormant\u2019 for Corporation Tax between setting up (\u2018incorporating\u2019) and starting to trade for the first time.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has detailed guidance on what counts as dormant for Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    You tell HMRC the date that you started to trade when you register for Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    What you have to do if your company was dormant depends on whether you registered for Corporation Tax before your accounting reference date.

    ", + "

    You registered for Corporation Tax before your accounting reference date

    ", + "

    You usually:

    ", + "
  • don\u2019t file a tax return for the period you were dormant
    • ", + "
  • prepare your first tax return to cover the period you were trading
    • ", + "

    File 2 tax returns if you were trading for more than 12 months - one for the first 12 months of trading and one for the rest of the time.

    ", + "

    Example

    ", + "Action | Date", + "Company set up | 11 May 2013", + "Started trading | 22 July 2013", + "Register for Corporation Tax | 26 August 2013", + "Accounting reference date | 31 May 2014", + "

    Prepare accounts for 11 May 2013 to 31 May 2014. Then file one tax return for your trading period from 22 July 2013 to 31 May 2014.

    ", + "

    After you do this, your dates for accounts and tax returns will normally match your company\u2019s financial year from 1 June to 31 May every year.

    ", + "

    Check the \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019 you get after your first year. If it covers your dormant and trading periods you must file 2 tax returns - one for your trading period and one for your dormant period.

    ", + "

    You didn\u2019t register for Corporation Tax before your accounting reference date

    ", + "

    You must file 2 tax returns - one for the period you were dormant and one for the period you were trading.

    ", + "

    Example:

    ", + "Action | Date", + "Company set up | 11 May 2013", + "Started trading | 22 July 2013", + "Accounting reference date | 31 May 2014", + "

    Prepare one set of accounts for 11 May 2013 to 31 May 2014. Then file your:

    ", + "
  • first tax return for your dormant period from 11 May to 21 July 2013
    • ", + "
  • second tax return for your trading period from 22 July 2013 to 31 May 2014
    • ", + "

    After you do this, your dates for accounts and tax returns will normally match your company\u2019s financial year from 1 June to 31 May every year.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/company-filing-software": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-filing-software", + "title": "Find software for filing company documents", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can use software to file your company accounts, file changes to your details and returns to Companies House electronically.\n\nYou can also file your annual accounts and confirmation statement (previously annual return) with Companies House online.\n\nUsing software or filing online you\u2019ll:\n\n- be less likely to get late filing penalties\n\n- get confirmation that your documents have been received\n\n- find out if they\u2019re accepted or rejected\n\n## How to file electronically\n\nYou must register for an online filing account - fill in the online filing credit account application form and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can then either:\n\n- get a software package from a Companies House (and HMRC) authorised provider\n\n- develop your own software - request a copy of the Companies House technical specifications by emailing xml@companieshouse.gov.uk\n\n## Filing annual accounts, returns and tax accounts\n\nCompanies House has tested the software listed.\n\nYou should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features, for example if you need software to deal with inactive accounts (sometimes called \u2018dormant accounts\u2019).\n\nYou must first register as an electronic filer.\n\nThe following is a list of software and the kinds of accounts you can use it for.\n\n| Supplier | Product | Dormant | Micro Entity | Abridged | Small | Full |\n\n| Ajaccts | AJACCTS | Yes | Yes | - | - | - |\n\n| Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Anglia Registrars Ltd | Inform Direct | Yes | Yes | - | - | - |\n\n| BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Capium Limited | Capium Accounts Production | Yes | - | Yes | - | - |\n\n| CaseWare UK | CaseWare Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Easy Digital Filing | Easy Digital Filing | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |\n\n| Eureka Software | Eureka Software | - | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |\n\n| Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | Yes |\n\n| gbooks | gbooks Company Accounts | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | Yes |\n\n| IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Keytime | Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Quality Management Software Ltd | CT600CH | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Taxfiler | Taxfiler Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |\n\n| Thomson Reuters | Digita | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Thomson Reuters | ONESOURCE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| VT Software Limited | VT Filer | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Xero | Xero Tax | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |\n\n## Software for Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs)\n\n| Supplier | Product |\n\n| Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Accounts Production |\n\n| BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution |\n\n| CaseWare UK | CaseWare Accounts Production |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production |\n\n| CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse |\n\n| Eureka Software | Eureka Software |\n\n| Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC |\n\n| gbooks | gbooks Company Accounts |\n\n| IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production |\n\n| IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production |\n\n| Keytime | Accounts Production |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced |\n\n| Taxfiler | Taxfiler Accounts Production |\n\n| Thomson Reuters | Digita |\n\n| VT Software Limited | VT Filer |\n\n## Software for charities\n\n| Supplier | Product |\n\n| BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production |\n\n| CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse |\n\n| Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC |\n\n| IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production |\n\n| IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production |\n\n| Keytime | Accounts Production |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced |\n\n## Uploading your accounts to Companies House\n\nTax account software generates electronic accounts in Inline eXtensible Reporting Language (iXBRL).\n\nThe following software has a direct filing link to Companies House:\n\n| Supplier | Product |\n\n| eFile Ready Limited | eCompany Services |\n\nThe following software can validate your iXBRL:\n\n| Supplier | Product |\n\n| Xmetric Limited | Surefile Accounts |\n\n## Filing other company information\n\nCompanies House has tested and authorised software for filing information about:\n\n- incorporations (registering a new company)\n\n- changes to your company, for example directors joining or leaving, changing a registered address, and filing annual returns\n\n- mortgages, for example when they\u2019re paid or part-paid\n\nYou should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features.\n\n| Supplier | Product(s) | Incorporations | Secretarial | Mortgages |\n\n| 121 Company Formation Ltd | 121 Company Formation | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Company Secretarial | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Advanced | Cloud Forms (Laserform Hub) | No | Yes | MR01, MR02, MR04 and MR05 |\n\n| angelPRO Limited | VenturePro | No | Yes | No |\n\n| Anglia Registrars Ltd | Inform Direct | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| BGL Corporate Solutions Ptd Ltd | Corporate Affairs System (CAS) | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| BHIS Limited | PC Share Register Plus | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| BritDAQ | BritDAQ Cosec | No | Yes | No |\n\n| BTC Software Limited | CS Solution | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Build and Prosper Ltd | File Direct 6 | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| CFS International Formations LTD | CFS Formations and Free Secretarial Package | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| The Company Formation Wizard | Company Formation Wizard | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Computershare Governance Services | Global Entity Management System (GEMS), Secretariat One (S1) | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Corporatek | EnGlobe, GlobalAct | No | Yes | No |\n\n| Diligent Entities | Blueprint | Yes | Yes | MR04, MR05 only |\n\n| Efaze Ltd BVI | Efaze.com company formations | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| eFile Ready Limited | eCompany Services | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| E Filing Limited | E Filing Limited | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| First Corporate | First Order | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Formations Direct | Vectis | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| FormEvo | FormEvo | No | Yes | MR01, MR02, MR04 and MR05 |\n\n| gbooks | gbooks Company Forms, gbooks Incorporation | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Info Commerce Limited | Acs1, Sec1, Inc1 | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| IRIS Software | IRIS Accountancy Suite | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Jordans Limited | Incorporator, Forming Companies, My Formations, PCSec administration software | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Keytime Objective Ltd | Company Secretarial | No | Yes | No |\n\n| Kudocs | Kudocs | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| LTDONLINE Ltd | LTDONLINE | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Online Filings Ltd | Online Filings | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Oswalds (Jordans [Scotland] Ltd) | Incorporator, Forming Companies, PCSec administration software | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Oyez | The Oyez Gateway | No | No | Yes |\n\n| Panlegis (Malta) Limited | Panlegis (Malta) Limited | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Principal Consultancy Ltd | Your Limited Company | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Armadillo | Armadillo e-Incorp | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced, Sage Company Secretarial | No | Yes | No |\n\n| Thomson Reuters | Onvio Formations | Yes | No | No |\n\n| zetVisions AG | zetVisions CIM | No | Yes | No |", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can use software to file your company accounts, file changes to your details and returns to Companies House electronically.

    ", + "

    You can also file your annual accounts and confirmation statement (previously annual return) with Companies House online.

    ", + "

    Using software or filing online you\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • be less likely to get late filing penalties
    • ", + "
  • get confirmation that your documents have been received
    • ", + "
  • find out if they\u2019re accepted or rejected
    • ", + "

    How to file electronically

    ", + "

    You must register for an online filing account - fill in the online filing credit account application form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You can then either:

    ", + "
  • get a software package from a Companies House (and HMRC) authorised provider
    • ", + "
  • develop your own software - request a copy of the Companies House technical specifications by emailing xml@companieshouse.gov.uk
    • ", + "

    Filing annual accounts, returns and tax accounts

    ", + "

    Companies House has tested the software listed.

    ", + "

    You should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features, for example if you need software to deal with inactive accounts (sometimes called \u2018dormant accounts\u2019).

    ", + "

    You must first register as an electronic filer.

    ", + "

    The following is a list of software and the kinds of accounts you can use it for.

    ", + "Supplier | Product | Dormant | Micro Entity | Abridged | Small | Full", + "Ajaccts | AJACCTS | Yes | Yes | - | - | -", + "Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Anglia Registrars Ltd | Inform Direct | Yes | Yes | - | - | -", + "BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Capium Limited | Capium Accounts Production | Yes | - | Yes | - | -", + "CaseWare UK | CaseWare Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Easy Digital Filing | Easy Digital Filing | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | -", + "Eureka Software | Eureka Software | - | Yes | Yes | Yes | -", + "Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | Yes", + "gbooks | gbooks Company Accounts | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | Yes", + "IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Keytime | Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Quality Management Software Ltd | CT600CH | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Taxfiler | Taxfiler Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | -", + "Thomson Reuters | Digita | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Thomson Reuters | ONESOURCE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "VT Software Limited | VT Filer | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Xero | Xero Tax | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | -", + "

    Software for Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs)

    ", + "Supplier | Product", + "Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Accounts Production", + "BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution", + "CaseWare UK | CaseWare Accounts Production", + "CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag", + "CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production", + "CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse", + "Eureka Software | Eureka Software", + "Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC", + "gbooks | gbooks Company Accounts", + "IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production", + "IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production", + "Keytime | Accounts Production", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced", + "Taxfiler | Taxfiler Accounts Production", + "Thomson Reuters | Digita", + "VT Software Limited | VT Filer", + "

    Software for charities

    ", + "Supplier | Product", + "BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution", + "CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag", + "CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production", + "CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse", + "Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC", + "IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production", + "IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production", + "Keytime | Accounts Production", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced", + "

    Uploading your accounts to Companies House

    ", + "

    Tax account software generates electronic accounts in Inline eXtensible Reporting Language (iXBRL).

    ", + "

    The following software has a direct filing link to Companies House:

    ", + "Supplier | Product", + "eFile Ready Limited | eCompany Services", + "

    The following software can validate your iXBRL:

    ", + "Supplier | Product", + "Xmetric Limited | Surefile Accounts", + "

    Filing other company information

    ", + "

    Companies House has tested and authorised software for filing information about:

    ", + "
  • incorporations (registering a new company)
    • ", + "
  • changes to your company, for example directors joining or leaving, changing a registered address, and filing annual returns
    • ", + "
  • mortgages, for example when they\u2019re paid or part-paid
    • ", + "

    You should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features.

    ", + "Supplier | Product(s) | Incorporations | Secretarial | Mortgages", + "121 Company Formation Ltd | 121 Company Formation | Yes | Yes | No", + "Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Company Secretarial | Yes | Yes | No", + "Advanced | Cloud Forms (Laserform Hub) | No | Yes | MR01, MR02, MR04 and MR05", + "angelPRO Limited | VenturePro | No | Yes | No", + "Anglia Registrars Ltd | Inform Direct | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "BGL Corporate Solutions Ptd Ltd | Corporate Affairs System (CAS) | Yes | Yes | No", + "BHIS Limited | PC Share Register Plus | Yes | Yes | No", + "BritDAQ | BritDAQ Cosec | No | Yes | No", + "BTC Software Limited | CS Solution | Yes | Yes | No", + "Build and Prosper Ltd | File Direct 6 | Yes | Yes | No", + "CFS International Formations LTD | CFS Formations and Free Secretarial Package | Yes | Yes | No", + "The Company Formation Wizard | Company Formation Wizard | Yes | Yes | No", + "Computershare Governance Services | Global Entity Management System (GEMS), Secretariat One (S1) | Yes | Yes | No", + "Corporatek | EnGlobe, GlobalAct | No | Yes | No", + "Diligent Entities | Blueprint | Yes | Yes | MR04, MR05 only", + "Efaze Ltd BVI | Efaze.com company formations | Yes | Yes | No", + "eFile Ready Limited | eCompany Services | Yes | Yes | No", + "E Filing Limited | E Filing Limited | Yes | Yes | No", + "First Corporate | First Order | Yes | Yes | No", + "Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC | Yes | Yes | No", + "Formations Direct | Vectis | Yes | Yes | No", + "FormEvo | FormEvo | No | Yes | MR01, MR02, MR04 and MR05", + "gbooks | gbooks Company Forms, gbooks Incorporation | Yes | Yes | No", + "Info Commerce Limited | Acs1, Sec1, Inc1 | Yes | Yes | No", + "IRIS Software | IRIS Accountancy Suite | Yes | Yes | No", + "Jordans Limited | Incorporator, Forming Companies, My Formations, PCSec administration software | Yes | Yes | No", + "Keytime Objective Ltd | Company Secretarial | No | Yes | No", + "Kudocs | Kudocs | Yes | Yes | No", + "LTDONLINE Ltd | LTDONLINE | Yes | Yes | No", + "Online Filings Ltd | Online Filings | Yes | Yes | No", + "Oswalds (Jordans [Scotland] Ltd) | Incorporator, Forming Companies, PCSec administration software | Yes | Yes | No", + "Oyez | The Oyez Gateway | No | No | Yes", + "Panlegis (Malta) Limited | Panlegis (Malta) Limited | Yes | Yes | No", + "Principal Consultancy Ltd | Your Limited Company | Yes | Yes | No", + "Armadillo | Armadillo e-Incorp | Yes | Yes | No", + "Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced, Sage Company Secretarial | No | Yes | No", + "Thomson Reuters | Onvio Formations | Yes | No | No", + "zetVisions AG | zetVisions CIM | No | Yes | No" + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing", + "title": "Avoid and report anti-competitive activity", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAll businesses, whatever their size, must understand how they\u2019re affected by competition law.\n\nYou must follow the rules on all types of anti-competitive activity including:\n\n- price fixing, bid rigging and other ways of agreeing not to compete (sometimes called \u2018cartels\u2019)\n\n- abuse of a dominant market position\n\nYou should manage the risk of breaking the law, for example by having clear policies, guidelines and training for your staff.\n\nYou can report anti-competitive activity if you think another business is breaking the law, or if you might have been involved yourself.\n\n## If you\u2019re involved in anti-competitive activity\n\nYour business can be fined up to 10% of its worldwide turnover and sued for damages.\n\nYou can be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years if you\u2019re found guilty of being involved in cartel activity.\n\nCompany directors can be disqualified from being a director for up to 15 years.\n\nGet legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme if you think something your business is doing might break the law.\n\n## Types of anti-competitive activity\n\nYou must avoid all types of anti-competitive activity in your business including:\n\n- agreeing not to compete with another business\n\n- abusing a dominant position\n\nYou can report anti-competitive activity if you see it.\n\n## Agreeing not to compete with another business (\u2018cartels\u2019)\n\nIf 2 or more businesses agree not to compete with each other in certain ways, it\u2019s called a \u2018cartel\u2019.\n\nThe rules on cartels apply to businesses of any size.\n\nRules about cartels cover:\n\n- price fixing\n\n- bid rigging\n\n- sharing markets or customers\n\n- sharing commercially sensitive information\n\nAn agreement does not have to be in writing for it to be illegal. You can break the law if you have an informal conversation (or \u2018gentleman\u2019s agreement\u2019) with another business, even if the agreement is not carried out.\n\nYou can work with other businesses without breaking competition law. Get legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme if you need to, and make sure you manage any risks.\n\n## Price fixing\n\nYou must not discuss the prices you\u2019re going to charge your customers with your competitors.\n\nYou\u2019ll be breaking the law if you agree with another business:\n\n- to charge the same prices to your customers\n\n- to offer discounts or increase your prices at the same time\n\n- to charge the same fees to intermediaries, for example retailers selling your products\n\n## Bid rigging\n\nYou cannot discuss bids for a contract tender with your competitors. Bid rigging includes:\n\n- agreeing with your competitors how much you\u2019ll bid for a contract or share information about your bid\n\n- taking turns to win contracts\n\n- asking other businesses to bid when they do not want the contract (called \u2018cover bids\u2019)\n\n- paying other businesses not to bid or when you win a tender\n\n- agreeing with other businesses not to bid or to withdrawing your bid\n\n## Market sharing\n\nYou cannot agree with other businesses to share markets or customers. You\u2019ll be breaking competition law if you agree with another business:\n\n- not to approach each other\u2019s customers\n\n- not to compete with them for customers, for example in specific locations\n\n## Sharing information\n\nYou cannot share information with other businesses that might reduce competition between you, for example information about:\n\n- prices\n\n- production\n\n- your suppliers, customers or contractors\n\n- the markets you sell or plan to sell to\n\nThis includes sharing information through a third party, for example a trade association.\n\n## Abusing a dominant position\n\nYour business might have a \u2018dominant position\u2019 in the market if:\n\n- it has more than a 40% market share\n\n- it\u2019s not affected by normal competitive restraints\n\nYou might be abusing your dominant position if you\u2019re unfair to your customers or other businesses, for example you:\n\n- treat customers differently, for example by offering different prices or terms to similar customers\n\n- make customers buy products they do not want, for example forcing them to take warranties for electrical products\n\n- charge low prices that do not cover your costs so you drive out competitors\n\nIf you think you have a dominant market position, get legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme to find out what you can and cannot do.\n\n## Other anti-competitive activities\n\nYou must avoid other activities that break competition law, eg:\n\n- buying or selling jointly with your competitors\n\n- agreeing with your competitors to reduce production of something to raise its market value\n\n- restricting how much other businesses can sell your product for\n\n- agreeing with your competitors not to sell to certain customers or deal with certain suppliers\n\n- having long-term exclusive contracts with any customers or suppliers\n\n## Manage risk\n\nThe people who run your business are responsible for ensuring it does not break competition law. You should:\n\n- work out where your business is at risk and how serious any risks are\n\n- set up policies, guidelines and training for your staff if you need to\n\nYour business can still be given a penalty and sued for damages even if your senior managers did not know about the illegal activity.\n\n## Work out if your business is at risk\n\nYou\u2019re more likely to be at risk if:\n\n- you or your employees have contact with your competitors, for example at conferences or trade association meetings\n\n- your employees regularly move to or from jobs with your competitors\n\n- you have partnerships with your competitors, for example joint buying or selling\n\n- you have any long-term exclusive contracts with any customers or suppliers\n\n- your business has a dominant position in any market where you do business\n\n## Set up policies, guidelines and training\n\nYou should ask a senior member of staff, for example a director, to make sure your employees know how to avoid and report anti-competitive behaviour.\n\nThere\u2019s further guidance from the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) on reducing the risk of your business breaking the law.\n\n## Report anti-competitive activity\n\nThe way you report anti-competitive activity depends on the type of activity.\n\n## Report a cartel\n\nA cartel is where two or more businesses agree not to compete with each other, for example by sharing a market or fixing prices.\n\nContact the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) cartels hotline if you:\n\n- know about a cartel\n\n- have been involved in one\n\nYou may:\n\n- get a financial reward for information that leads to an investigation\n\n- be treated with leniency if you report a cartel you\u2019ve been involved with\n\n## Report other anti-competitive activity\n\nTell the CMA if you have concerns about anti-competitive activity. Email general.enquiries@cma.gov.uk with the following information:\n\n- your contact details\n\n- the business you have concerns about and a description of the issue along with any supporting evidence\n\n- the market area according to the UK Standard Classification Index\n\n- details of any other organisations you have contacted\n\nIf you want help with a consumer problem, contact Citizens Advice (or the Financial Conduct Authority for consumer credit-related issues).\n\n## Report your concerns to an industry regulator\n\nYou can also report concerns about anti-competitive activity in certain sectors to a regulator. These are:\n\n- Civil Aviation Authority for airports and air traffic services\n\n- Financial Conduct Authority for financial services in the UK\n\n- Monitor for health services in England\n\n- Ofcom for television, radio, telephone, postal and internet services\n\n- Ofgem for gas and electricity in England, Wales and Scotland\n\n- Ofwat for water and sewage services in England and Wales\n\n- Office of Road and Rail for railways in England, Wales and Scotland\n\n- Payment Systems Regulator for payment systems in the UK\n\n- Utility Regulator for gas, electricity, water and sewerage in Northern Ireland", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    All businesses, whatever their size, must understand how they\u2019re affected by competition law.

    ", + "

    You must follow the rules on all types of anti-competitive activity including:

    ", + "
  • price fixing, bid rigging and other ways of agreeing not to compete (sometimes called \u2018cartels\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • abuse of a dominant market position
    • ", + "

    You should manage the risk of breaking the law, for example by having clear policies, guidelines and training for your staff.

    ", + "

    You can report anti-competitive activity if you think another business is breaking the law, or if you might have been involved yourself.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re involved in anti-competitive activity

    ", + "

    Your business can be fined up to 10% of its worldwide turnover and sued for damages.

    ", + "

    You can be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years if you\u2019re found guilty of being involved in cartel activity.

    ", + "

    Company directors can be disqualified from being a director for up to 15 years.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme if you think something your business is doing might break the law.

    ", + "

    Types of anti-competitive activity

    ", + "

    You must avoid all types of anti-competitive activity in your business including:

    ", + "
  • agreeing not to compete with another business
    • ", + "
  • abusing a dominant position
    • ", + "

    You can report anti-competitive activity if you see it.

    ", + "

    Agreeing not to compete with another business (\u2018cartels\u2019)

    ", + "

    If 2 or more businesses agree not to compete with each other in certain ways, it\u2019s called a \u2018cartel\u2019.

    ", + "

    The rules on cartels apply to businesses of any size.

    ", + "

    Rules about cartels cover:

    ", + "
  • price fixing
    • ", + "
  • bid rigging
    • ", + "
  • sharing markets or customers
    • ", + "
  • sharing commercially sensitive information
    • ", + "

    An agreement does not have to be in writing for it to be illegal. You can break the law if you have an informal conversation (or \u2018gentleman\u2019s agreement\u2019) with another business, even if the agreement is not carried out.

    ", + "

    You can work with other businesses without breaking competition law. Get legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme if you need to, and make sure you manage any risks.

    ", + "

    Price fixing

    ", + "

    You must not discuss the prices you\u2019re going to charge your customers with your competitors.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be breaking the law if you agree with another business:

    ", + "
  • to charge the same prices to your customers
    • ", + "
  • to offer discounts or increase your prices at the same time
    • ", + "
  • to charge the same fees to intermediaries, for example retailers selling your products
    • ", + "

    Bid rigging

    ", + "

    You cannot discuss bids for a contract tender with your competitors. Bid rigging includes:

    ", + "
  • agreeing with your competitors how much you\u2019ll bid for a contract or share information about your bid
    • ", + "
  • taking turns to win contracts
    • ", + "
  • asking other businesses to bid when they do not want the contract (called \u2018cover bids\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • paying other businesses not to bid or when you win a tender
    • ", + "
  • agreeing with other businesses not to bid or to withdrawing your bid
    • ", + "

    Market sharing

    ", + "

    You cannot agree with other businesses to share markets or customers. You\u2019ll be breaking competition law if you agree with another business:

    ", + "
  • not to approach each other\u2019s customers
    • ", + "
  • not to compete with them for customers, for example in specific locations
    • ", + "

    Sharing information

    ", + "

    You cannot share information with other businesses that might reduce competition between you, for example information about:

    ", + "
  • prices
    • ", + "
  • production
    • ", + "
  • your suppliers, customers or contractors
    • ", + "
  • the markets you sell or plan to sell to
    • ", + "

    This includes sharing information through a third party, for example a trade association.

    ", + "

    Abusing a dominant position

    ", + "

    Your business might have a \u2018dominant position\u2019 in the market if:

    ", + "
  • it has more than a 40% market share
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s not affected by normal competitive restraints
    • ", + "

    You might be abusing your dominant position if you\u2019re unfair to your customers or other businesses, for example you:

    ", + "
  • treat customers differently, for example by offering different prices or terms to similar customers
    • ", + "
  • make customers buy products they do not want, for example forcing them to take warranties for electrical products
    • ", + "
  • charge low prices that do not cover your costs so you drive out competitors
    • ", + "

    If you think you have a dominant market position, get legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme to find out what you can and cannot do.

    ", + "

    Other anti-competitive activities

    ", + "

    You must avoid other activities that break competition law, eg:

    ", + "
  • buying or selling jointly with your competitors
    • ", + "
  • agreeing with your competitors to reduce production of something to raise its market value
    • ", + "
  • restricting how much other businesses can sell your product for
    • ", + "
  • agreeing with your competitors not to sell to certain customers or deal with certain suppliers
    • ", + "
  • having long-term exclusive contracts with any customers or suppliers
    • ", + "

    Manage risk

    ", + "

    The people who run your business are responsible for ensuring it does not break competition law. You should:

    ", + "
  • work out where your business is at risk and how serious any risks are
    • ", + "
  • set up policies, guidelines and training for your staff if you need to
    • ", + "

    Your business can still be given a penalty and sued for damages even if your senior managers did not know about the illegal activity.

    ", + "

    Work out if your business is at risk

    ", + "

    You\u2019re more likely to be at risk if:

    ", + "
  • you or your employees have contact with your competitors, for example at conferences or trade association meetings
    • ", + "
  • your employees regularly move to or from jobs with your competitors
    • ", + "
  • you have partnerships with your competitors, for example joint buying or selling
    • ", + "
  • you have any long-term exclusive contracts with any customers or suppliers
    • ", + "
  • your business has a dominant position in any market where you do business
    • ", + "

    Set up policies, guidelines and training

    ", + "

    You should ask a senior member of staff, for example a director, to make sure your employees know how to avoid and report anti-competitive behaviour.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s further guidance from the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) on reducing the risk of your business breaking the law.

    ", + "

    Report anti-competitive activity

    ", + "

    The way you report anti-competitive activity depends on the type of activity.

    ", + "

    Report a cartel

    ", + "

    A cartel is where two or more businesses agree not to compete with each other, for example by sharing a market or fixing prices.

    ", + "

    Contact the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) cartels hotline if you:

    ", + "
  • know about a cartel
    • ", + "
  • have been involved in one
    • ", + "

    You may:

    ", + "
  • get a financial reward for information that leads to an investigation
    • ", + "
  • be treated with leniency if you report a cartel you\u2019ve been involved with
    • ", + "

    Report other anti-competitive activity

    ", + "

    Tell the CMA if you have concerns about anti-competitive activity. Email general.enquiries@cma.gov.uk with the following information:

    ", + "
  • your contact details
    • ", + "
  • the business you have concerns about and a description of the issue along with any supporting evidence
    • ", + "
  • the market area according to the UK Standard Classification Index
    • ", + "
  • details of any other organisations you have contacted
    • ", + "

    If you want help with a consumer problem, contact Citizens Advice (or the Financial Conduct Authority for consumer credit-related issues).

    ", + "

    Report your concerns to an industry regulator

    ", + "

    You can also report concerns about anti-competitive activity in certain sectors to a regulator. These are:

    ", + "
  • Civil Aviation Authority for airports and air traffic services
    • ", + "
  • Financial Conduct Authority for financial services in the UK
    • ", + "
  • Monitor for health services in England
    • ", + "
  • Ofcom for television, radio, telephone, postal and internet services
    • ", + "
  • Ofgem for gas and electricity in England, Wales and Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Ofwat for water and sewage services in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • Office of Road and Rail for railways in England, Wales and Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Payment Systems Regulator for payment systems in the UK
    • ", + "
  • Utility Regulator for gas, electricity, water and sewerage in Northern Ireland
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/directors-loans": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/directors-loans", + "title": "Director's loans", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA director\u2019s loan is when you (or other close family members) get money from your company that is not:\n\n- a salary, dividend or expense repayment\n\n- money you\u2019ve previously paid into or loaned the company\n\n## Records you must keep\n\nYou must keep a record of any money you borrow from or pay into the company - this record is usually known as a \u2018director\u2019s loan account\u2019.\n\n## At the end of your company\u2019s financial year\n\nInclude any money you owe the company or the company owes you on the \u2018balance sheet\u2019 in your annual accounts.\n\n## Tax on loans\n\nYou may have to pay tax on director\u2019s loans. Your company may also have to pay tax if you\u2019re a shareholder (sometimes called a \u2018participator\u2019) as well as a director.\n\nYour personal and company tax responsibilities depend on whether the director\u2019s loan account is:\n\n- overdrawn - you owe the company\n\n- in credit - the company owes you\n\n## If you owe your company money\n\nYou or your company may have to pay tax if you take a director\u2019s loan.\n\nYour personal and company tax responsibilities depend on how the loan is settled. You also need to check if you have extra tax responsibilities if:\n\n- the loan was more than \u00a310,000 (\u00a35,000 in 2013-14)\n\n- you paid your company interest on the loan below the official rate\n\n| | Your company\u2019s responsibilities if you\u2019re a shareholder and director | Your personal responsibilities when you get a director\u2019s loan |\n\n| You repay the loan within 9 months of the end of your Corporation Tax accounting period | Use form CT600A when you prepare your Company Tax Return to show the amount owed at the end of the accounting period.If the loan was more than \u00a35,000 (and you took another loan of \u00a35,000 or more up to 30 days before or after you repaid it) pay Corporation Tax at 32.5% of the original loan, or 25% if the loan was made before 6 April 2016. After you permanently repay the original loan, you can reclaim the Corporation Tax - but not interest.If the loan was more than \u00a315,000 (and you arranged another loan when you repaid it) pay Corporation Tax at 32.5% of the original loan, or 25% if the loan was made before 6 April 2016. After you permanently repay the original loan, you can reclaim the Corporation Tax - but not interest. | No responsibilities |\n\n| You do not repay the loan within 9 months of the end of your Corporation Tax accounting period | Use form CT600A when you prepare your Company Tax Return to show the amount owed at the end of the accounting period. Pay Corporation Tax at 32.5% of the outstanding amount, or 25% if the loan was made before 6 April 2016. Interest on this Corporation Tax will be added until the Corporation Tax is paid or the loan is repaid. You can reclaim the Corporation Tax - but not interest. | No responsibilities |\n\n| The loan is \u2018written off\u2019 or \u2018released\u2019 (not repaid) | Deduct Class 1 National Insurance through the company\u2019s payroll. | Pay Income Tax on the loan through a Self Assessment tax return |\n\n## If the loan was more than \u00a310,000 (\u00a35,000 in 2013-14)\n\nIf you\u2019re a shareholder and director and you owe your company more than \u00a310,000 (\u00a35,000 in 2013 to 2014) at any time in the year, your company must:\n\n- treat the loan as a \u2018benefit in kind\u2019\n\n- deduct Class 1 National Insurance\n\nYou must report the loan on a personal Self Assessment tax return. You may have to pay tax on the loan at the official rate of interest.\n\n## If you paid interest below the official rate\n\nIf you\u2019re a shareholder and director, your company must:\n\n- record interest you pay below the official rate as company income\n\n- treat the discounted interest as a \u2018benefit in kind\u2019\n\nYou must report the interest on a personal Self Assessment tax return. You may have to pay tax on the difference between the official rate and the rate you paid.\n\n## Reclaim Corporation Tax\n\nYour company can reclaim the Corporation Tax it pays on a director\u2019s loan that\u2019s been repaid, written off or released. You cannot reclaim any interest paid on the Corporation Tax.\n\nClaim after the relief is due - this is 9 months and 1 day after the end of the Corporation Tax accounting period when the loan was repaid, written off or released. You will not be repaid before this.\n\nYou must claim within 4 years (or 6 years if the loan was repaid on or before 31 March 2010).\n\n## Reclaiming within 2 years\n\nIf you\u2019re reclaiming within 2 years of the end of the accounting period when the loan was taken out, use form CT600A to claim when you prepare a Company Tax Return for that accounting period or amend it online.\n\nUse form L2P with your Company Tax Return instead if either:\n\n- your tax return is for a different accounting period than the one when the loan was taken out\n\n- you\u2019re amending your tax return in writing\n\nTell HMRC how you want the repayment in your Company Tax Return.\n\n## Reclaiming after 2 years\n\nIf you\u2019re reclaiming 2 years or more after the end of the accounting period when the loan was taken out, fill in form L2P and either include it with your latest Company Tax Return or post it separately.\n\nHMRC will repay your company by either:\n\n- using the details you gave in your latest Company Tax Return\n\n- sending a cheque to your company\u2019s registered office address\n\n## If you lend your company money\n\nYour company does not pay Corporation Tax on money you lend it.\n\n## If you charge interest\n\nInterest you charge your company on a loan counts as both:\n\n- a business expense for your company\n\n- personal income for you\n\nYou must report the income on a personal Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYour company must:\n\n- pay you the interest less Income Tax at the basic rate of 20%\n\n- report and pay the Income Tax every quarter using form CT61\n\nYou can request form CT61 online or call HM Revenue and Customs.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A director\u2019s loan is when you (or other close family members) get money from your company that is not:

    ", + "
  • a salary, dividend or expense repayment
    • ", + "
  • money you\u2019ve previously paid into or loaned the company
    • ", + "

    Records you must keep

    ", + "

    You must keep a record of any money you borrow from or pay into the company - this record is usually known as a \u2018director\u2019s loan account\u2019.

    ", + "

    At the end of your company\u2019s financial year

    ", + "

    Include any money you owe the company or the company owes you on the \u2018balance sheet\u2019 in your annual accounts.

    ", + "

    Tax on loans

    ", + "

    You may have to pay tax on director\u2019s loans. Your company may also have to pay tax if you\u2019re a shareholder (sometimes called a \u2018participator\u2019) as well as a director.

    ", + "

    Your personal and company tax responsibilities depend on whether the director\u2019s loan account is:

    ", + "
  • overdrawn - you owe the company
    • ", + "
  • in credit - the company owes you
    • ", + "

    If you owe your company money

    ", + "

    You or your company may have to pay tax if you take a director\u2019s loan.

    ", + "

    Your personal and company tax responsibilities depend on how the loan is settled. You also need to check if you have extra tax responsibilities if:

    ", + "
  • the loan was more than \u00a310,000 (\u00a35,000 in 2013-14)
    • ", + "
  • you paid your company interest on the loan below the official rate
    • ", + " | Your company\u2019s responsibilities if you\u2019re a shareholder and director | Your personal responsibilities when you get a director\u2019s loan", + "You repay the loan within 9 months of the end of your Corporation Tax accounting period | Use form CT600A when you prepare your Company Tax Return to show the amount owed at the end of the accounting period.If the loan was more than \u00a35,000 (and you took another loan of \u00a35,000 or more up to 30 days before or after you repaid it) pay Corporation Tax at 32.5% of the original loan, or 25% if the loan was made before 6 April 2016. After you permanently repay the original loan, you can reclaim the Corporation Tax - but not interest.If the loan was more than \u00a315,000 (and you arranged another loan when you repaid it) pay Corporation Tax at 32.5% of the original loan, or 25% if the loan was made before 6 April 2016. After you permanently repay the original loan, you can reclaim the Corporation Tax - but not interest. | No responsibilities", + "You do not repay the loan within 9 months of the end of your Corporation Tax accounting period | Use form CT600A when you prepare your Company Tax Return to show the amount owed at the end of the accounting period. Pay Corporation Tax at 32.5% of the outstanding amount, or 25% if the loan was made before 6 April 2016. Interest on this Corporation Tax will be added until the Corporation Tax is paid or the loan is repaid. You can reclaim the Corporation Tax - but not interest. | No responsibilities", + "The loan is \u2018written off\u2019 or \u2018released\u2019 (not repaid) | Deduct Class 1 National Insurance through the company\u2019s payroll. | Pay Income Tax on the loan through a Self Assessment tax return", + "

    If the loan was more than \u00a310,000 (\u00a35,000 in 2013-14)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a shareholder and director and you owe your company more than \u00a310,000 (\u00a35,000 in 2013 to 2014) at any time in the year, your company must:

    ", + "
  • treat the loan as a \u2018benefit in kind\u2019
    • ", + "
  • deduct Class 1 National Insurance
    • ", + "

    You must report the loan on a personal Self Assessment tax return. You may have to pay tax on the loan at the official rate of interest.

    ", + "

    If you paid interest below the official rate

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a shareholder and director, your company must:

    ", + "
  • record interest you pay below the official rate as company income
    • ", + "
  • treat the discounted interest as a \u2018benefit in kind\u2019
    • ", + "

    You must report the interest on a personal Self Assessment tax return. You may have to pay tax on the difference between the official rate and the rate you paid.

    ", + "

    Reclaim Corporation Tax

    ", + "

    Your company can reclaim the Corporation Tax it pays on a director\u2019s loan that\u2019s been repaid, written off or released. You cannot reclaim any interest paid on the Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    Claim after the relief is due - this is 9 months and 1 day after the end of the Corporation Tax accounting period when the loan was repaid, written off or released. You will not be repaid before this.

    ", + "

    You must claim within 4 years (or 6 years if the loan was repaid on or before 31 March 2010).

    ", + "

    Reclaiming within 2 years

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re reclaiming within 2 years of the end of the accounting period when the loan was taken out, use form CT600A to claim when you prepare a Company Tax Return for that accounting period or amend it online.

    ", + "

    Use form L2P with your Company Tax Return instead if either:

    ", + "
  • your tax return is for a different accounting period than the one when the loan was taken out
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re amending your tax return in writing
    • ", + "

    Tell HMRC how you want the repayment in your Company Tax Return.

    ", + "

    Reclaiming after 2 years

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re reclaiming 2 years or more after the end of the accounting period when the loan was taken out, fill in form L2P and either include it with your latest Company Tax Return or post it separately.

    ", + "

    HMRC will repay your company by either:

    ", + "
  • using the details you gave in your latest Company Tax Return
    • ", + "
  • sending a cheque to your company\u2019s registered office address
    • ", + "

    If you lend your company money

    ", + "

    Your company does not pay Corporation Tax on money you lend it.

    ", + "

    If you charge interest

    ", + "

    Interest you charge your company on a loan counts as both:

    ", + "
  • a business expense for your company
    • ", + "
  • personal income for you
    • ", + "

    You must report the income on a personal Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    Your company must:

    ", + "
  • pay you the interest less Income Tax at the basic rate of 20%
    • ", + "
  • report and pay the Income Tax every quarter using form CT61
    • ", + "

    You can request form CT61 online or call HM Revenue and Customs.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/make-changes-to-your-limited-company": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-changes-to-your-limited-company", + "title": "Make changes to your private limited company", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must tell Companies House if you change your company\u2019s:\n\n- name\n\n- address\n\n- directors and company secretaries, including changes to their details\n\n- type, for example becoming a public limited company or unlimited company\n\n- share, for example issuing new shares or changing your share structure\n\n- constitution and articles of association - how your company is run\n\n- mortgages and loan guarantees (sometimes called \u2018charges\u2019), for example if the company takes out a secured loan\n\nYou may need your company\u2019s agreement before you can make some changes.\n\nYou may also need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about company changes.\n\n## When to tell Companies House\n\nYou must tell Companies House within 14 days if you make changes to:\n\n- where you keep your company records\n\n- your directors, or their personal details change, for example their address\n\n- company secretaries\n\nYou must tell Companies House within 15 days if you make changes to your constitution or articles of association.\n\nYou must tell Companies House within a month if you issue more shares in your company.\n\nYou must tell Companies House all other changes within 21 days.\n\n## How to tell Companies House\n\nYou can either:\n\n- use the Companies House online service if it\u2019s available for the change you need to make\n\n- download and fill in paper forms\n\n## Get agreement from your company\n\nYou usually need to get directors or entitled shareholders to vote (known as \u2018passing a resolution\u2019) on whether or not to make some changes.\n\nThings that usually need a resolution include:\n\n- changing your company name\n\n- removing a director\n\n- changing your company\u2019s constitution and articles of association - how your company is run\n\n- changing your company\u2019s share structure\n\nMost resolutions simply need more shareholders to agree than disagree (called an \u2018ordinary resolution\u2019). They may be simply done by a show of hands at a meeting. Ordinary resolutions are used for most routine changes, for example, increasing a company\u2019s share capital.\n\nSome decisions, for example changing your articles, might require a 75% or even 95% majority (called a \u2018special resolution\u2019 or \u2018extraordinary resolution\u2019).\n\nYour company articles will usually tell you if you need a resolution, and what type it should be.\n\nYou must let your shareholders (and auditors if relevant) know when there\u2019s going to be a vote on a resolution.\n\nYou must file special or extraordinary resolutions with Companies House within 15 days of passing them.\n\n## Shareholder voting for special and extraordinary resolutions\n\nWhen you\u2019re working out the majority in special or extraordinary resolutions you count the number of shares that give the owner the right to vote, rather than the number of shareholders.\n\n## How to hold a resolution\n\nYou do not always need to have a meeting to pass a resolution. If enough shareholders or directors have told you they agree, you can usually confirm the resolution in writing.\n\nYou must write to all shareholders letting them know about the outcome of a resolution.\n\n## Company name\n\nA company can change its name either by:\n\n- a special resolution\n\n- permission given in the company\u2019s articles of association\n\nYour new name must follow all the rules for company names.\n\nYour company name will not officially change until Companies House registers it.\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can use the Companies House online service to file changes of name by special resolution only.\n\nIt costs \u00a38 to file, or \u00a330 for the same-day service.\n\n## Register by post\n\n## If you\u2019re applying by special resolution\n\nDownload and fill in form NM01.\n\nYou must attach a copy of your resolution with your application.\n\nSend your form and a cheque for \u00a310 to the address on the form, or \u00a350 for the same-day service.\n\n## If you\u2019re registering with permission from the articles of association\n\nDownload and fill in form NM04.\n\nSend your form and a cheque for \u00a310 to the address on the form, or \u00a350 for the same-day service.\n\n## Company address\n\nYou must tell Companies House if you want to change:\n\n- your registered office address\n\n- the address where you keep your records, and which records you\u2019ll keep there\n\nYour address will not officially change until it\u2019s registered at Companies House.\n\nYour company\u2019s new addresses must be in the same part of the UK that the company was registered (\u2018incorporated\u2019).\n\nFor example, if your company was registered in Scotland, the new registered office address must be in Scotland.\n\nYou must re-incorporate your company if you move to another part of the UK, for example from England to Scotland.\n\nCompanies House will tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve changed your registered office address.\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can use the Companies House online service.\n\n## Register by post\n\nDownload and fill in a change of address form. Send your completed form to the Companies House address on the form.\n\n## Directors and company secretaries\n\nYou must tell Companies House about changes to your company\u2019s directors and secretaries, such as:\n\n- new appointments\n\n- resignations\n\n- changes to personal details, for example residential addresses\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can use the Companies House online service.\n\n## Register by post\n\nYou can send your changes by post.\n\nDownload and fill in the change forms you need and send them to the address on the forms\n\n## Shares\n\nYou must tell Companies House about any changes to your company\u2019s share structure that you make outside your annual return.\n\nYou may need a special resolution to change your company\u2019s share structure. This includes if you:\n\n- change the number of shares the company has and their total value - this is your \u2018share capital\u2019 (the part of your company\u2019s money that comes from shares)\n\n- change how your shares are distributed\n\n- cancel any of your shares\n\n- change (\u2018denominate\u2019) your shares into other currencies\n\nYou must tell Companies House within a month if you issue more shares in your company.\n\nYou must report all other changes to your share structure within 21 days.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must include a notice about the change you\u2019ve made and a statement declaring:\n\n- the company\u2019s total number of shares\n\n- the total value of those shares\n\n- how many shares have been paid for or not paid for\n\nThis is sometimes known as a \u2018statement of capital\u2019.\n\nYour shares may be normal (\u2018ordinary\u2019) or have special rights or restrictions.\n\nFor each type of share your company has, you must declare:\n\n- the rights that come with it\n\n- how many of the shares are issued\n\n- their total value before any additional costs are added\n\nAn accountant can help you prepare your statement of capital.\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can register changes to the shares your company issues online.\n\nYou must register all other changes to your shares by post.\n\n## Register by post\n\nYou can send your changes by post. Download and fill in the share change forms depending on the changes you\u2019re making.\n\nSend your completed forms, a copy of your resolution if needed and your statement of capital to the address on the forms.\n\n## Constitution and articles of association\n\nYou\u2019ll need agreement from your shareholders before changing your company\u2019s articles of association - the rules about how your company is run.\n\nThis can include changes to your company\u2019s \u2018objects\u2019 - what your company does as a business.\n\n## When you must change your constitution\n\nYou can change your constitution whenever your shareholders agree to the change in a \u2018resolution\u2019.\n\nYou must also change your constitution if:\n\n- a change in the law means your constitution would be illegal\n\n- ordered to by the courts or a regulating authority (for example the Charity Commission) tells you to change it\n\n## Sending your changes\n\nYou must include a copy of both the resolution you passed and the new articles of association when you make any changes to your company\u2019s constitution.\n\nDepending on why you\u2019re making the change you may also need to fill in one of the following:\n\n- a statement of company objects if your company is changing the objects in its articles\n\n- change of constitution by enactment if your change is because of a change in the law\n\n- change of constitution by order of court or other authority if your change has been ordered\n\nSend the copy of the resolution, the copy of your new articles and completed form (if any) to Companies House.\n\nIf a special enactment makes the change, you must include a copy of the enactment.\n\n## Deadline\n\nYou must send:\n\n- a copy of the resolution within 15 days of it being agreed\n\n- a copy of the amended articles of association within 15 days of them taking effect\n\n- any forms (if needed) within 15 days of the changes\n\n## Mortgages and loan guarantees\n\nYou can use your company\u2019s assets as a security for a loan or overdraft (sometimes known as \u2018charges\u2019), for example a mortgage for a property.\n\nYou must register details about any company charges with Companies House, including information about property or projects that are being backed by the charge.\n\nYou must also register changes to charges you\u2019ve previously registered, for example when a charge\u2019s been paid in part or in full.\n\nYou must register charges within 21 days from when they\u2019re set up - you will need a court order to register them later.\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can use the Companies House online service.\n\nIt costs \u00a310 to register online.\n\n## Register by post\n\nYou can send changes to your charges by post:\n\nDownload and fill in the forms you need and send them to the address on the forms.\n\nIt costs \u00a313 to register by post.\n\nCompanies House will reject your application if it\u2019s wrong or incomplete.\n\nYou can register for informal correction if you want Companies House to be able to correct certain types of information required to your form.\n\nOnce you\u2019re registered Companies House will contact you if they need more information or for permission to make a correction.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House if you change your company\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • directors and company secretaries, including changes to their details
    • ", + "
  • type, for example becoming a public limited company or unlimited company
    • ", + "
  • share, for example issuing new shares or changing your share structure
    • ", + "
  • constitution and articles of association - how your company is run
    • ", + "
  • mortgages and loan guarantees (sometimes called \u2018charges\u2019), for example if the company takes out a secured loan
    • ", + "

    You may need your company\u2019s agreement before you can make some changes.

    ", + "

    You may also need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about company changes.

    ", + "

    When to tell Companies House

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House within 14 days if you make changes to:

    ", + "
  • where you keep your company records
    • ", + "
  • your directors, or their personal details change, for example their address
    • ", + "
  • company secretaries
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House within 15 days if you make changes to your constitution or articles of association.

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House within a month if you issue more shares in your company.

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House all other changes within 21 days.

    ", + "

    How to tell Companies House

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • use the Companies House online service if it\u2019s available for the change you need to make
    • ", + "
  • download and fill in paper forms
    • ", + "

    Get agreement from your company

    ", + "

    You usually need to get directors or entitled shareholders to vote (known as \u2018passing a resolution\u2019) on whether or not to make some changes.

    ", + "

    Things that usually need a resolution include:

    ", + "
  • changing your company name
    • ", + "
  • removing a director
    • ", + "
  • changing your company\u2019s constitution and articles of association - how your company is run
    • ", + "
  • changing your company\u2019s share structure
    • ", + "

    Most resolutions simply need more shareholders to agree than disagree (called an \u2018ordinary resolution\u2019). They may be simply done by a show of hands at a meeting. Ordinary resolutions are used for most routine changes, for example, increasing a company\u2019s share capital.

    ", + "

    Some decisions, for example changing your articles, might require a 75% or even 95% majority (called a \u2018special resolution\u2019 or \u2018extraordinary resolution\u2019).

    ", + "

    Your company articles will usually tell you if you need a resolution, and what type it should be.

    ", + "

    You must let your shareholders (and auditors if relevant) know when there\u2019s going to be a vote on a resolution.

    ", + "

    You must file special or extraordinary resolutions with Companies House within 15 days of passing them.

    ", + "

    Shareholder voting for special and extraordinary resolutions

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re working out the majority in special or extraordinary resolutions you count the number of shares that give the owner the right to vote, rather than the number of shareholders.

    ", + "

    How to hold a resolution

    ", + "

    You do not always need to have a meeting to pass a resolution. If enough shareholders or directors have told you they agree, you can usually confirm the resolution in writing.

    ", + "

    You must write to all shareholders letting them know about the outcome of a resolution.

    ", + "

    Company name

    ", + "

    A company can change its name either by:

    ", + "
  • a special resolution
    • ", + "
  • permission given in the company\u2019s articles of association
    • ", + "

    Your new name must follow all the rules for company names.

    ", + "

    Your company name will not officially change until Companies House registers it.

    ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    You can use the Companies House online service to file changes of name by special resolution only.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a38 to file, or \u00a330 for the same-day service.

    ", + "

    Register by post

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying by special resolution

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form NM01.

    ", + "

    You must attach a copy of your resolution with your application.

    ", + "

    Send your form and a cheque for \u00a310 to the address on the form, or \u00a350 for the same-day service.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registering with permission from the articles of association

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form NM04.

    ", + "

    Send your form and a cheque for \u00a310 to the address on the form, or \u00a350 for the same-day service.

    ", + "

    Company address

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House if you want to change:

    ", + "
  • your registered office address
    • ", + "
  • the address where you keep your records, and which records you\u2019ll keep there
    • ", + "

    Your address will not officially change until it\u2019s registered at Companies House.

    ", + "

    Your company\u2019s new addresses must be in the same part of the UK that the company was registered (\u2018incorporated\u2019).

    ", + "

    For example, if your company was registered in Scotland, the new registered office address must be in Scotland.

    ", + "

    You must re-incorporate your company if you move to another part of the UK, for example from England to Scotland.

    ", + "

    Companies House will tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve changed your registered office address.

    ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    You can use the Companies House online service.

    ", + "

    Register by post

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a change of address form. Send your completed form to the Companies House address on the form.

    ", + "

    Directors and company secretaries

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House about changes to your company\u2019s directors and secretaries, such as:

    ", + "
  • new appointments
    • ", + "
  • resignations
    • ", + "
  • changes to personal details, for example residential addresses
    • ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    You can use the Companies House online service.

    ", + "

    Register by post

    ", + "

    You can send your changes by post.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the change forms you need and send them to the address on the forms

    ", + "

    Shares

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House about any changes to your company\u2019s share structure that you make outside your annual return.

    ", + "

    You may need a special resolution to change your company\u2019s share structure. This includes if you:

    ", + "
  • change the number of shares the company has and their total value - this is your \u2018share capital\u2019 (the part of your company\u2019s money that comes from shares)
    • ", + "
  • change how your shares are distributed
    • ", + "
  • cancel any of your shares
    • ", + "
  • change (\u2018denominate\u2019) your shares into other currencies
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House within a month if you issue more shares in your company.

    ", + "

    You must report all other changes to your share structure within 21 days.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must include a notice about the change you\u2019ve made and a statement declaring:

    ", + "
  • the company\u2019s total number of shares
    • ", + "
  • the total value of those shares
    • ", + "
  • how many shares have been paid for or not paid for
    • ", + "

    This is sometimes known as a \u2018statement of capital\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your shares may be normal (\u2018ordinary\u2019) or have special rights or restrictions.

    ", + "

    For each type of share your company has, you must declare:

    ", + "
  • the rights that come with it
    • ", + "
  • how many of the shares are issued
    • ", + "
  • their total value before any additional costs are added
    • ", + "

    An accountant can help you prepare your statement of capital.

    ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    You can register changes to the shares your company issues online.

    ", + "

    You must register all other changes to your shares by post.

    ", + "

    Register by post

    ", + "

    You can send your changes by post. Download and fill in the share change forms depending on the changes you\u2019re making.

    ", + "

    Send your completed forms, a copy of your resolution if needed and your statement of capital to the address on the forms.

    ", + "

    Constitution and articles of association

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need agreement from your shareholders before changing your company\u2019s articles of association - the rules about how your company is run.

    ", + "

    This can include changes to your company\u2019s \u2018objects\u2019 - what your company does as a business.

    ", + "

    When you must change your constitution

    ", + "

    You can change your constitution whenever your shareholders agree to the change in a \u2018resolution\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must also change your constitution if:

    ", + "
  • a change in the law means your constitution would be illegal
    • ", + "
  • ordered to by the courts or a regulating authority (for example the Charity Commission) tells you to change it
    • ", + "

    Sending your changes

    ", + "

    You must include a copy of both the resolution you passed and the new articles of association when you make any changes to your company\u2019s constitution.

    ", + "

    Depending on why you\u2019re making the change you may also need to fill in one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a statement of company objects if your company is changing the objects in its articles
    • ", + "
  • change of constitution by enactment if your change is because of a change in the law
    • ", + "
  • change of constitution by order of court or other authority if your change has been ordered
    • ", + "

    Send the copy of the resolution, the copy of your new articles and completed form (if any) to Companies House.

    ", + "

    If a special enactment makes the change, you must include a copy of the enactment.

    ", + "

    Deadline

    ", + "

    You must send:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the resolution within 15 days of it being agreed
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the amended articles of association within 15 days of them taking effect
    • ", + "
  • any forms (if needed) within 15 days of the changes
    • ", + "

    Mortgages and loan guarantees

    ", + "

    You can use your company\u2019s assets as a security for a loan or overdraft (sometimes known as \u2018charges\u2019), for example a mortgage for a property.

    ", + "

    You must register details about any company charges with Companies House, including information about property or projects that are being backed by the charge.

    ", + "

    You must also register changes to charges you\u2019ve previously registered, for example when a charge\u2019s been paid in part or in full.

    ", + "

    You must register charges within 21 days from when they\u2019re set up - you will need a court order to register them later.

    ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    You can use the Companies House online service.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a310 to register online.

    ", + "

    Register by post

    ", + "

    You can send changes to your charges by post:

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the forms you need and send them to the address on the forms.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a313 to register by post.

    ", + "

    Companies House will reject your application if it\u2019s wrong or incomplete.

    ", + "

    You can register for informal correction if you want Companies House to be able to correct certain types of information required to your form.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019re registered Companies House will contact you if they need more information or for permission to make a correction.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/annual-accounts": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/annual-accounts", + "title": "Prepare annual accounts for a private limited company", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour company\u2019s annual accounts - called \u2018statutory accounts\u2019 - are prepared from the company\u2019s financial records at the end of your company\u2019s financial year.\n\nYou must always send copies of the statutory accounts to:\n\n- all shareholders\n\n- people who can go to the company\u2019s general meetings\n\n- Companies House\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as part of your Company Tax Return\n\nYou have different deadlines for sending your accounts to Companies House and your tax return to HMRC, but you may be able send them at the same time.\n\nIf your company is small, a micro entity or dormant, you might be able to send simpler (\u2018abridged\u2019) accounts.\n\n## How to put together statutory accounts\n\nStatutory accounts must include:\n\n- a \u2018balance sheet\u2019, which shows the value of everything the company owns, owes and is owed on the last day of the financial year\n\n- a \u2018profit and loss account\u2019, which shows the company\u2019s sales, running costs and the profit or loss it has made over the financial year\n\n- notes about the accounts\n\n- a director\u2019s report (unless you\u2019re a \u2018micro-entity\u2019)\n\nYou might have to include an auditor\u2019s report - this depends on the size of your company.\n\nThe balance sheet must have the name of a director printed on it and must be signed by a director.\n\n## Accounting standards\n\nYour statutory accounts must meet either:\n\n- International Financial Reporting Standards\n\n- New UK Generally Accepted Accounting Practice\n\nSearch online to find out more about the standards, or ask your accountant or tax adviser. You can find an accountant accredited in the UK.\n\n## Micro-entities, small and dormant companies\n\nYou might be able to send simpler (\u2018abridged\u2019) accounts to Companies House and not need to be audited. This depends on whether your company is dormant or qualifies as a small company or \u2018micro-entity\u2019.\n\nYou must still send statutory accounts to your members and to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as part of your Company Tax Return if you\u2019re a small company or micro-entity.\n\n## Dormant companies\n\nYour company is called \u2018dormant\u2019 by Companies House if it\u2019s had no \u2018significant\u2019 transactions in the financial year that you\u2019d normally report. Significant transactions do not include:\n\n- filing fees paid to Companies House\n\n- penalties for late filing of accounts\n\n- money paid for shares when the company was incorporated\n\nDormant companies that qualify as \u2018small\u2019 do not need to be audited.\n\nCheck if your company is also dormant for Corporation Tax.\n\n## Small companies\n\nYour company will be \u2018small\u2019 if it has any 2 of the following:\n\n- a turnover of \u00a310.2 million or less\n\n- \u00a35.1 million or less on its balance sheet\n\n- 50 employees or less\n\nIf your company is small, you can:\n\n- use the exemption so your company\u2019s accounts do not need to be audited\n\n- choose whether or not to send a copy of the director\u2019s report and profit and loss account to Companies House\n\n- send abridged accounts to Companies House\n\n## Sending abridged accounts\n\nYou can only send abridged accounts if all your company members agree to it.\n\nAbridged accounts must contain a simpler balance sheet, along with any notes. You can also choose to include a simpler profit and loss account and a copy of the director\u2019s report.\n\nThe balance sheet must have the name of a director printed on it and must be signed by a director.\n\nSending abridged accounts means less information about your company will be publicly available from Companies House.\n\n## Micro-entities\n\nMicro-entities are very small companies. Your company will be a micro-entity if it has any 2 of the following:\n\n- a turnover of \u00a3632,000 or less\n\n- \u00a3316,000 or less on its balance sheet\n\n- 10 employees or less\n\nIf your company is a micro-entity, you can:\n\n- prepare simpler accounts that meet statutory minimum requirements\n\n- send only your balance sheet with less information to Companies House\n\n- benefit from the same exemptions available to small companies\n\nFind out exactly what to include in your accounts depending on your company type, for example micro-entity, small, medium or dormant.\n\n## Corrections and amendments\n\nYou must send amended accounts to Companies House on paper.\n\nAmended or corrected accounts must be for the same period as the original accounts.\n\nYou must clearly say in your new accounts that they:\n\n- replace the original accounts\n\n- are now the statutory accounts\n\n- are prepared as they were at the date of the original accounts\n\nWrite \u201camended\u201d on the front so that Companies House know your accounts are not duplicates.\n\nYour original accounts will remain on file at Companies House.\n\nIf you only want to amend one part of your accounts, you need to send a note saying what\u2019s been changed. The note must be signed by a director and filed with a copy of the original accounts.\n\n## Penalties for late filing\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay penalties if you do not file your accounts with Companies House by the deadline.\n\n| Time after the deadline | Penalty (for private limited companies) |\n\n| Up to 1 month | \u00a3150 |\n\n| 1 to 3 months | \u00a3375 |\n\n| 3 to 6 months | \u00a3750 |\n\n| More than 6 months | \u00a31,500 |\n\nPenalties for public limited companies are different.\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically receive a penalty notice if your accounts are filed after the deadline.\n\nThe penalty is doubled if your accounts are late 2 years in a row.\n\nYou can be fined and your company struck off the register if you do not send Companies House your accounts or confirmation statement.\n\n## Appeal against a late filing penalty\n\nIf you want to appeal a penalty you must:\n\n- give a specific reason for not filing your accounts on time\n\n- include all relevant details, such as dates and times\n\n- prove the circumstances were out of your control, for example a fire destroyed your records a few days before your accounts were due\n\nIf you need help with your appeal because you have a disability or a health condition, you can contact Companies House.\n\nYour appeal is likely to be unsuccessful if it\u2019s because:\n\n- these were your first accounts\n\n- your company is dormant\n\n- your company is a charity or a flat management company\n\n- you cannot afford to pay\n\n- another director is responsible for filing the accounts\n\n- it was your accountant\u2019s (or anybody else\u2019s) fault\n\n- you did not know when or how to file your accounts\n\n- your accounts were delayed or lost in the post\n\n- the directors live or were travelling overseas\n\nYou can send a letter to the address on the front page of the penalty \ninvoice, or send an email including the penalty reference.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a response within 20 working days and \nthe penalty will not be collected while your appeal is being \nconsidered.\n\n## Challenging an unsuccessful appeal\n\nIf your appeal is rejected and you have additional information to support your case, you can write to the senior casework manager in the Late Filing Penalties Department at the Companies House office that deals with your account.\n\nIf your appeal to the senior casework manager is unsuccessful, you can write to the independent adjudicators, and ask them to review your case.\n\nIf your appeal to the independent adjudicator is unsuccessful, you can submit a final application to the Registrar of Companies at the office that deals with your account.\n\nYou must follow this process, otherwise the registrar will not review your appeal.\n\nFind out more about late penalty appeals in different situations.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your company\u2019s annual accounts - called \u2018statutory accounts\u2019 - are prepared from the company\u2019s financial records at the end of your company\u2019s financial year.

    ", + "

    You must always send copies of the statutory accounts to:

    ", + "
  • all shareholders
    • ", + "
  • people who can go to the company\u2019s general meetings
    • ", + "
  • Companies House
    • ", + "
  • HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as part of your Company Tax Return
    • ", + "

    You have different deadlines for sending your accounts to Companies House and your tax return to HMRC, but you may be able send them at the same time.

    ", + "

    If your company is small, a micro entity or dormant, you might be able to send simpler (\u2018abridged\u2019) accounts.

    ", + "

    How to put together statutory accounts

    ", + "

    Statutory accounts must include:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018balance sheet\u2019, which shows the value of everything the company owns, owes and is owed on the last day of the financial year
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018profit and loss account\u2019, which shows the company\u2019s sales, running costs and the profit or loss it has made over the financial year
    • ", + "
  • notes about the accounts
    • ", + "
  • a director\u2019s report (unless you\u2019re a \u2018micro-entity\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You might have to include an auditor\u2019s report - this depends on the size of your company.

    ", + "

    The balance sheet must have the name of a director printed on it and must be signed by a director.

    ", + "

    Accounting standards

    ", + "

    Your statutory accounts must meet either:

    ", + "
  • International Financial Reporting Standards
    • ", + "
  • New UK Generally Accepted Accounting Practice
    • ", + "

    Search online to find out more about the standards, or ask your accountant or tax adviser. You can find an accountant accredited in the UK.

    ", + "

    Micro-entities, small and dormant companies

    ", + "

    You might be able to send simpler (\u2018abridged\u2019) accounts to Companies House and not need to be audited. This depends on whether your company is dormant or qualifies as a small company or \u2018micro-entity\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must still send statutory accounts to your members and to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as part of your Company Tax Return if you\u2019re a small company or micro-entity.

    ", + "

    Dormant companies

    ", + "

    Your company is called \u2018dormant\u2019 by Companies House if it\u2019s had no \u2018significant\u2019 transactions in the financial year that you\u2019d normally report. Significant transactions do not include:

    ", + "
  • filing fees paid to Companies House
    • ", + "
  • penalties for late filing of accounts
    • ", + "
  • money paid for shares when the company was incorporated
    • ", + "

    Dormant companies that qualify as \u2018small\u2019 do not need to be audited.

    ", + "

    Check if your company is also dormant for Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    Small companies

    ", + "

    Your company will be \u2018small\u2019 if it has any 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • a turnover of \u00a310.2 million or less
    • ", + "
  • \u00a35.1 million or less on its balance sheet
    • ", + "
  • 50 employees or less
    • ", + "

    If your company is small, you can:

    ", + "
  • use the exemption so your company\u2019s accounts do not need to be audited
    • ", + "
  • choose whether or not to send a copy of the director\u2019s report and profit and loss account to Companies House
    • ", + "
  • send abridged accounts to Companies House
    • ", + "

    Sending abridged accounts

    ", + "

    You can only send abridged accounts if all your company members agree to it.

    ", + "

    Abridged accounts must contain a simpler balance sheet, along with any notes. You can also choose to include a simpler profit and loss account and a copy of the director\u2019s report.

    ", + "

    The balance sheet must have the name of a director printed on it and must be signed by a director.

    ", + "

    Sending abridged accounts means less information about your company will be publicly available from Companies House.

    ", + "

    Micro-entities

    ", + "

    Micro-entities are very small companies. Your company will be a micro-entity if it has any 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • a turnover of \u00a3632,000 or less
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3316,000 or less on its balance sheet
    • ", + "
  • 10 employees or less
    • ", + "

    If your company is a micro-entity, you can:

    ", + "
  • prepare simpler accounts that meet statutory minimum requirements
    • ", + "
  • send only your balance sheet with less information to Companies House
    • ", + "
  • benefit from the same exemptions available to small companies
    • ", + "

    Find out exactly what to include in your accounts depending on your company type, for example micro-entity, small, medium or dormant.

    ", + "

    Corrections and amendments

    ", + "

    You must send amended accounts to Companies House on paper.

    ", + "

    Amended or corrected accounts must be for the same period as the original accounts.

    ", + "

    You must clearly say in your new accounts that they:

    ", + "
  • replace the original accounts
    • ", + "
  • are now the statutory accounts
    • ", + "
  • are prepared as they were at the date of the original accounts
    • ", + "

    Write \u201camended\u201d on the front so that Companies House know your accounts are not duplicates.

    ", + "

    Your original accounts will remain on file at Companies House.

    ", + "

    If you only want to amend one part of your accounts, you need to send a note saying what\u2019s been changed. The note must be signed by a director and filed with a copy of the original accounts.

    ", + "

    Penalties for late filing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay penalties if you do not file your accounts with Companies House by the deadline.

    ", + "Time after the deadline | Penalty (for private limited companies)", + "Up to 1 month | \u00a3150", + "1 to 3 months | \u00a3375", + "3 to 6 months | \u00a3750", + "More than 6 months | \u00a31,500", + "

    Penalties for public limited companies are different.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically receive a penalty notice if your accounts are filed after the deadline.

    ", + "

    The penalty is doubled if your accounts are late 2 years in a row.

    ", + "

    You can be fined and your company struck off the register if you do not send Companies House your accounts or confirmation statement.

    ", + "

    Appeal against a late filing penalty

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal a penalty you must:

    ", + "
  • give a specific reason for not filing your accounts on time
    • ", + "
  • include all relevant details, such as dates and times
    • ", + "
  • prove the circumstances were out of your control, for example a fire destroyed your records a few days before your accounts were due
    • ", + "

    If you need help with your appeal because you have a disability or a health condition, you can contact Companies House.

    ", + "

    Your appeal is likely to be unsuccessful if it\u2019s because:

    ", + "
  • these were your first accounts
    • ", + "
  • your company is dormant
    • ", + "
  • your company is a charity or a flat management company
    • ", + "
  • you cannot afford to pay
    • ", + "
  • another director is responsible for filing the accounts
    • ", + "
  • it was your accountant\u2019s (or anybody else\u2019s) fault
    • ", + "
  • you did not know when or how to file your accounts
    • ", + "
  • your accounts were delayed or lost in the post
    • ", + "
  • the directors live or were travelling overseas
    • ", + "

    You can send a letter to the address on the front page of the penalty \ninvoice, or send an email including the penalty reference.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a response within 20 working days and \nthe penalty will not be collected while your appeal is being \nconsidered.

    ", + "

    Challenging an unsuccessful appeal

    ", + "

    If your appeal is rejected and you have additional information to support your case, you can write to the senior casework manager in the Late Filing Penalties Department at the Companies House office that deals with your account.

    ", + "

    If your appeal to the senior casework manager is unsuccessful, you can write to the independent adjudicators, and ask them to review your case.

    ", + "

    If your appeal to the independent adjudicator is unsuccessful, you can submit a final application to the Registrar of Companies at the office that deals with your account.

    ", + "

    You must follow this process, otherwise the registrar will not review your appeal.

    ", + "

    Find out more about late penalty appeals in different situations.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/running-a-limited-company": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/running-a-limited-company", + "title": "Running a limited company", + "content": "## Directors' responsibilities\n\nAs a director of a limited company, you must:\n\n- follow the company\u2019s rules, shown in its articles of association\n\n- keep company records and report changes\n\n- file your accounts and your Company Tax Return\n\n- tell other shareholders if you might personally benefit from a transaction the company makes\n\n- pay Corporation Tax\n\nYou can hire other people to manage some of these things day-to-day (for example, an accountant) but you\u2019re still legally responsible for your company\u2019s records, accounts and performance.\n\nYou may be fined, prosecuted or disqualified if you do not meet your responsibilities as a director.\n\nContact your professional adviser or trade association to find out more.\n\n## Taking money out of a limited company\n\nHow you take money out of the company depends on what it\u2019s for and how much you take out.\n\n## Salary, expenses and benefits\n\nIf you want the company to pay you or anyone else a salary, expenses or benefits, you must register the company as an employer.\n\nThe company must take Income Tax and National Insurance contributions from your salary payments and pay these to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), along with employers\u2019 National Insurance contributions.\n\nIf you or one of your employees make personal use of something that belongs to the business, you must report it as a benefit and pay any tax due.\n\n## Dividends\n\nA dividend is a payment a company can make to shareholders if it has made a profit.\n\nYou cannot count dividends as business costs when you work out your Corporation Tax.\n\nYour company must not pay out more in dividends than its available profits from current and previous financial years.\n\nYou must usually pay dividends to all shareholders.\n\nTo pay a dividend, you must:\n\n- hold a directors\u2019 meeting to \u2018declare\u2019 the dividend\n\n- keep minutes of the meeting, even if you\u2019re the only director\n\n## Dividend paperwork\n\nFor each dividend payment the company makes, you must write up a dividend voucher showing the:\n\n- date\n\n- company name\n\n- names of the shareholders being paid a dividend\n\n- amount of the dividend\n\nYou must give a copy of the voucher to recipients of the dividend and keep a copy for your company\u2019s records.\n\n## Tax on dividends\n\nYour company does not need to pay tax on dividend payments. But shareholders may have to pay Income Tax if they\u2019re over \u00a32,000.\n\n## Directors\u2019 loans\n\nIf you take more money out of a company than you\u2019ve put in - and it\u2019s not salary or dividend - it\u2019s called a \u2018directors\u2019 loan\u2019.\n\nIf your company makes directors\u2019 loans, you must keep records of them. There are also some detailed tax rules about how directors\u2019 loans are handled.\n\n## Company changes you must report\n\nYou must report certain changes to Companies House.\n\n## Changing your company\u2019s registered office address\n\nYou must tell Companies House if you want to change your company\u2019s registered office address. If the change is approved, they will tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYour company\u2019s new registered office address must be in the same part of the UK that the company was registered (incorporated).\n\nFor example, if your company was registered in England and Wales, the new registered office address must be in England or Wales.\n\nYour address will not officially change until Companies House has registered it.\n\n## Other changes you must report\n\nYou must tell HMRC if:\n\n- your business\u2019 contact details change - for example, your name, gender, business name or your personal or trading address\n\n- you appoint an accountant or tax adviser\n\nYou must tell Companies House within 14 days if you make changes to:\n\n- the address where you keep your records, and which records you keep there\n\n- directors or their personal details, like their address\n\n- \u2018people with significant control\u2019 (PSC), or their personal details like a new address\n\n- company secretaries (appointing a new one or ending an existing one\u2019s appointment)\n\nYou must tell Companies House within a month if you issue more shares in your company.\n\n## How to report changes to Companies House\n\nYou can:\n\n- use the Companies House online service\n\n- fill in and send paper forms\n\n## Changes that shareholders must approve\n\nYou may need to get shareholders to vote on the decision if you want to:\n\n- change the company name\n\n- remove a director\n\n- change the company\u2019s articles of association\n\nThis is called \u2018passing a resolution\u2019. Most resolutions will need a majority to agree (called an \u2018ordinary resolution\u2019). Some might require a 75% majority (called a \u2018special resolution\u2019).\n\nCompanies House has more details about the types of changes and resolutions you must report to them.\n\nYour new company name will not take effect until it\u2019s registered by Companies House - they\u2019ll tell you when this happens.\n\n## Shareholder voting\n\nWhen you\u2019re working out whether you have a majority, count the number of shares that give the owner the right to vote, rather than the number of shareholders.\n\nYou do not necessarily need to have a meeting of shareholders to pass a resolution. If the right amount of shareholders have told you they agree, you can confirm the resolution in writing. But you must write to all shareholders letting them know about the decision.\n\n## Company and accounting records\n\nYou must keep:\n\n- records about the company itself\n\n- financial and accounting records\n\nYou can hire a professional (for example, an accountant) to help with your tax.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\n## Records about the company\n\nYou must keep details of:\n\n- directors, shareholders and company secretaries\n\n- the results of any shareholder votes and resolutions\n\n- promises for the company to repay loans at a specific date in the future (\u2018debentures\u2019) and who they must be paid back to\n\n- promises the company makes for payments if something goes wrong and it\u2019s the company\u2019s fault (\u2018indemnities\u2019)\n\n- transactions when someone buys shares in the company\n\n- loans or mortgages secured against the company\u2019s assets\n\nYou must tell Companies House if you keep the records somewhere other than the company\u2019s registered office address.\n\n## Register of \u2018people with significant control\u2019\n\nYou must also keep a register of \u2018people with significant control\u2019 (PSC). Your PSC register must include details of anyone who:\n\n- has more than 25% shares or voting rights in your company\n\n- can appoint or remove a majority of directors\n\n- can influence or control your company or trust\n\nYou still need to keep a record if there are no people with significant control.\n\nRead more guidance on keeping a PSC register if your company\u2019s ownership and control is not simple.\n\n## Accounting records\n\nYou must keep accounting records that include:\n\n- all money received and spent by the company, including grants and payments from coronavirus support schemes\n\n- details of assets owned by the company\n\n- debts the company owes or is owed\n\n- stock the company owns at the end of the financial year\n\n- the stocktakings you used to work out the stock figure\n\n- all goods bought and sold\n\n- who you bought and sold them to and from (unless you run a retail business)\n\nYou must also keep any other financial records, information and calculations you need to prepare and file your annual accounts and Company Tax Return. This includes records of:\n\n- all money spent by the company, for example receipts, petty cash books, orders and delivery notes\n\n- all money received by the company, for example invoices, contracts, sales books and till rolls\n\n- any other relevant documents, for example bank statements and correspondence\n\nYou can be fined \u00a33,000 by HMRC or disqualified as a company director if you do not keep accounting records.\n\n## How long to keep records\n\nYou must keep records for 6 years from the end of the last company financial year they relate to, or longer if:\n\n- they show a transaction that covers more than one of the company\u2019s accounting periods\n\n- the company has bought something that it expects to last more than 6 years, like equipment or machinery\n\n- you sent your Company Tax Return late\n\n- HMRC has started a compliance check into your Company Tax Return\n\n## If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed\n\nIf you cannot replace your records after they were lost, stolen or destroyed you must:\n\n- do your best to recreate them\n\n- tell your Corporation Tax office straight away\n\n- include this information in your Company Tax Return\n\n## Confirmation statement (annual return)\n\nYou need to check that the information Companies House has about your company is correct every year. This is called a confirmation statement (previously an annual return).\n\n## Check your company\u2019s details\n\nYou need to check the following:\n\n- the details of your registered office, directors, secretary and the address where you keep your records\n\n- your statement of capital and shareholder information if your company has shares\n\n- your SIC code (the number that identifies what your company does)\n\n- your register of \u2018people with significant control\u2019 (PSC)\n\nCheck the Companies House register.\n\n## Send your confirmation statement\n\nSend your confirmation statement online or by post. It costs \u00a313 to file your confirmation statement online, and \u00a340 by post.\n\n## If you need to report changes\n\nYou can report changes to your statement of capital, shareholder information and SIC codes at the same time.\n\nYou cannot use the confirmation statement to report changes to:\n\n- your company\u2019s officers\n\n- the registered office address\n\n- the address where you keep your records\n\n- people with significant control\n\nYou must file those changes separately with Companies House.\n\n## When it\u2019s due\n\nYour confirmation statement is due usually a year after either:\n\n- the date your company incorporated\n\n- the date you filed your last annual return or confirmation statement\n\nYou can file your confirmation statement up to 14 days after the due date.\n\nSign up to get an email reminder when your confirmation statement is due.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a35,000 and your company may be struck off if you do not send your confirmation statement.\n\n## Signs, stationery and promotional material\n\n## Signs\n\nYou must display a sign showing your company name at your registered company address and wherever your business operates. If you\u2019re running your business from home, you do not need to display a sign there.\n\nThe sign must be easy to read and to see at any time, not just when you\u2019re open.\n\n## Stationery and promotional material\n\nYou must include your company\u2019s name on all company documents, publicity and letters.\n\nOn business letters, order forms and websites, you must show:\n\n- the company\u2019s registered number\n\n- its registered office address\n\n- where the company is registered (England and Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland)\n\n- the fact that it\u2019s a limited company (usually by spelling out the company\u2019s full name including \u2018Limited\u2019 or \u2018Ltd\u2019)\n\nIf you want to include directors\u2019 names, you must list all of them.\n\nIf you want to show your company\u2019s share capital (how much the shares were worth when you issued them), you must say how much is \u2018paid up\u2019 (owned by shareholders).\n\nThere are different rules for what you need to include on invoices.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Directors' responsibilities

    ", + "

    As a director of a limited company, you must:

    ", + "
  • follow the company\u2019s rules, shown in its articles of association
    • ", + "
  • keep company records and report changes
    • ", + "
  • file your accounts and your Company Tax Return
    • ", + "
  • tell other shareholders if you might personally benefit from a transaction the company makes
    • ", + "
  • pay Corporation Tax
    • ", + "

    You can hire other people to manage some of these things day-to-day (for example, an accountant) but you\u2019re still legally responsible for your company\u2019s records, accounts and performance.

    ", + "

    You may be fined, prosecuted or disqualified if you do not meet your responsibilities as a director.

    ", + "

    Contact your professional adviser or trade association to find out more.

    ", + "

    Taking money out of a limited company

    ", + "

    How you take money out of the company depends on what it\u2019s for and how much you take out.

    ", + "

    Salary, expenses and benefits

    ", + "

    If you want the company to pay you or anyone else a salary, expenses or benefits, you must register the company as an employer.

    ", + "

    The company must take Income Tax and National Insurance contributions from your salary payments and pay these to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), along with employers\u2019 National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    If you or one of your employees make personal use of something that belongs to the business, you must report it as a benefit and pay any tax due.

    ", + "

    Dividends

    ", + "

    A dividend is a payment a company can make to shareholders if it has made a profit.

    ", + "

    You cannot count dividends as business costs when you work out your Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    Your company must not pay out more in dividends than its available profits from current and previous financial years.

    ", + "

    You must usually pay dividends to all shareholders.

    ", + "

    To pay a dividend, you must:

    ", + "
  • hold a directors\u2019 meeting to \u2018declare\u2019 the dividend
    • ", + "
  • keep minutes of the meeting, even if you\u2019re the only director
    • ", + "

    Dividend paperwork

    ", + "

    For each dividend payment the company makes, you must write up a dividend voucher showing the:

    ", + "
  • date
    • ", + "
  • company name
    • ", + "
  • names of the shareholders being paid a dividend
    • ", + "
  • amount of the dividend
    • ", + "

    You must give a copy of the voucher to recipients of the dividend and keep a copy for your company\u2019s records.

    ", + "

    Tax on dividends

    ", + "

    Your company does not need to pay tax on dividend payments. But shareholders may have to pay Income Tax if they\u2019re over \u00a32,000.

    ", + "

    Directors\u2019 loans

    ", + "

    If you take more money out of a company than you\u2019ve put in - and it\u2019s not salary or dividend - it\u2019s called a \u2018directors\u2019 loan\u2019.

    ", + "

    If your company makes directors\u2019 loans, you must keep records of them. There are also some detailed tax rules about how directors\u2019 loans are handled.

    ", + "

    Company changes you must report

    ", + "

    You must report certain changes to Companies House.

    ", + "

    Changing your company\u2019s registered office address

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House if you want to change your company\u2019s registered office address. If the change is approved, they will tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Your company\u2019s new registered office address must be in the same part of the UK that the company was registered (incorporated).

    ", + "

    For example, if your company was registered in England and Wales, the new registered office address must be in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Your address will not officially change until Companies House has registered it.

    ", + "

    Other changes you must report

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC if:

    ", + "
  • your business\u2019 contact details change - for example, your name, gender, business name or your personal or trading address
    • ", + "
  • you appoint an accountant or tax adviser
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House within 14 days if you make changes to:

    ", + "
  • the address where you keep your records, and which records you keep there
    • ", + "
  • directors or their personal details, like their address
    • ", + "
  • \u2018people with significant control\u2019 (PSC), or their personal details like a new address
    • ", + "
  • company secretaries (appointing a new one or ending an existing one\u2019s appointment)
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House within a month if you issue more shares in your company.

    ", + "

    How to report changes to Companies House

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • use the Companies House online service
    • ", + "
  • fill in and send paper forms
    • ", + "

    Changes that shareholders must approve

    ", + "

    You may need to get shareholders to vote on the decision if you want to:

    ", + "
  • change the company name
    • ", + "
  • remove a director
    • ", + "
  • change the company\u2019s articles of association
    • ", + "

    This is called \u2018passing a resolution\u2019. Most resolutions will need a majority to agree (called an \u2018ordinary resolution\u2019). Some might require a 75% majority (called a \u2018special resolution\u2019).

    ", + "

    Companies House has more details about the types of changes and resolutions you must report to them.

    ", + "

    Your new company name will not take effect until it\u2019s registered by Companies House - they\u2019ll tell you when this happens.

    ", + "

    Shareholder voting

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re working out whether you have a majority, count the number of shares that give the owner the right to vote, rather than the number of shareholders.

    ", + "

    You do not necessarily need to have a meeting of shareholders to pass a resolution. If the right amount of shareholders have told you they agree, you can confirm the resolution in writing. But you must write to all shareholders letting them know about the decision.

    ", + "

    Company and accounting records

    ", + "

    You must keep:

    ", + "
  • records about the company itself
    • ", + "
  • financial and accounting records
    • ", + "

    You can hire a professional (for example, an accountant) to help with your tax.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.

    ", + "

    Records about the company

    ", + "

    You must keep details of:

    ", + "
  • directors, shareholders and company secretaries
    • ", + "
  • the results of any shareholder votes and resolutions
    • ", + "
  • promises for the company to repay loans at a specific date in the future (\u2018debentures\u2019) and who they must be paid back to
    • ", + "
  • promises the company makes for payments if something goes wrong and it\u2019s the company\u2019s fault (\u2018indemnities\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • transactions when someone buys shares in the company
    • ", + "
  • loans or mortgages secured against the company\u2019s assets
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House if you keep the records somewhere other than the company\u2019s registered office address.

    ", + "

    Register of \u2018people with significant control\u2019

    ", + "

    You must also keep a register of \u2018people with significant control\u2019 (PSC). Your PSC register must include details of anyone who:

    ", + "
  • has more than 25% shares or voting rights in your company
    • ", + "
  • can appoint or remove a majority of directors
    • ", + "
  • can influence or control your company or trust
    • ", + "

    You still need to keep a record if there are no people with significant control.

    ", + "

    Read more guidance on keeping a PSC register if your company\u2019s ownership and control is not simple.

    ", + "

    Accounting records

    ", + "

    You must keep accounting records that include:

    ", + "
  • all money received and spent by the company, including grants and payments from coronavirus support schemes
    • ", + "
  • details of assets owned by the company
    • ", + "
  • debts the company owes or is owed
    • ", + "
  • stock the company owns at the end of the financial year
    • ", + "
  • the stocktakings you used to work out the stock figure
    • ", + "
  • all goods bought and sold
    • ", + "
  • who you bought and sold them to and from (unless you run a retail business)
    • ", + "

    You must also keep any other financial records, information and calculations you need to prepare and file your annual accounts and Company Tax Return. This includes records of:

    ", + "
  • all money spent by the company, for example receipts, petty cash books, orders and delivery notes
    • ", + "
  • all money received by the company, for example invoices, contracts, sales books and till rolls
    • ", + "
  • any other relevant documents, for example bank statements and correspondence
    • ", + "

    You can be fined \u00a33,000 by HMRC or disqualified as a company director if you do not keep accounting records.

    ", + "

    How long to keep records

    ", + "

    You must keep records for 6 years from the end of the last company financial year they relate to, or longer if:

    ", + "
  • they show a transaction that covers more than one of the company\u2019s accounting periods
    • ", + "
  • the company has bought something that it expects to last more than 6 years, like equipment or machinery
    • ", + "
  • you sent your Company Tax Return late
    • ", + "
  • HMRC has started a compliance check into your Company Tax Return
    • ", + "

    If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed

    ", + "

    If you cannot replace your records after they were lost, stolen or destroyed you must:

    ", + "
  • do your best to recreate them
    • ", + "
  • tell your Corporation Tax office straight away
    • ", + "
  • include this information in your Company Tax Return
    • ", + "

    Confirmation statement (annual return)

    ", + "

    You need to check that the information Companies House has about your company is correct every year. This is called a confirmation statement (previously an annual return).

    ", + "

    Check your company\u2019s details

    ", + "

    You need to check the following:

    ", + "
  • the details of your registered office, directors, secretary and the address where you keep your records
    • ", + "
  • your statement of capital and shareholder information if your company has shares
    • ", + "
  • your SIC code (the number that identifies what your company does)
    • ", + "
  • your register of \u2018people with significant control\u2019 (PSC)
    • ", + "

    Check the Companies House register.

    ", + "

    Send your confirmation statement

    ", + "

    Send your confirmation statement online or by post. It costs \u00a313 to file your confirmation statement online, and \u00a340 by post.

    ", + "

    If you need to report changes

    ", + "

    You can report changes to your statement of capital, shareholder information and SIC codes at the same time.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the confirmation statement to report changes to:

    ", + "
  • your company\u2019s officers
    • ", + "
  • the registered office address
    • ", + "
  • the address where you keep your records
    • ", + "
  • people with significant control
    • ", + "

    You must file those changes separately with Companies House.

    ", + "

    When it\u2019s due

    ", + "

    Your confirmation statement is due usually a year after either:

    ", + "
  • the date your company incorporated
    • ", + "
  • the date you filed your last annual return or confirmation statement
    • ", + "

    You can file your confirmation statement up to 14 days after the due date.

    ", + "

    Sign up to get an email reminder when your confirmation statement is due.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a35,000 and your company may be struck off if you do not send your confirmation statement.

    ", + "

    Signs, stationery and promotional material

    ", + "

    Signs

    ", + "

    You must display a sign showing your company name at your registered company address and wherever your business operates. If you\u2019re running your business from home, you do not need to display a sign there.

    ", + "

    The sign must be easy to read and to see at any time, not just when you\u2019re open.

    ", + "

    Stationery and promotional material

    ", + "

    You must include your company\u2019s name on all company documents, publicity and letters.

    ", + "

    On business letters, order forms and websites, you must show:

    ", + "
  • the company\u2019s registered number
    • ", + "
  • its registered office address
    • ", + "
  • where the company is registered (England and Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "
  • the fact that it\u2019s a limited company (usually by spelling out the company\u2019s full name including \u2018Limited\u2019 or \u2018Ltd\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you want to include directors\u2019 names, you must list all of them.

    ", + "

    If you want to show your company\u2019s share capital (how much the shares were worth when you issued them), you must say how much is \u2018paid up\u2019 (owned by shareholders).

    ", + "

    There are different rules for what you need to include on invoices.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/strike-off-your-company-from-companies-register": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/strike-off-your-company-from-companies-register", + "title": "Strike off your limited company from the Companies Register", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can close down your limited company by getting it \u2018struck off\u2019 the Companies Register, but only if it:\n\n- hasn\u2019t traded or sold off any stock in the last 3 months\n\n- hasn\u2019t changed names in the last 3 months\n\n- isn\u2019t threatened with liquidation\n\n- has no agreements with creditors, eg a Company Voluntary Arrangement (CVA)\n\nIf your company doesn\u2019t meet these conditions, you\u2019ll have to voluntarily liquidate your company instead.\n\nWhen you apply to \u2018strike off\u2019 your company, you have certain responsibilities to close down your business properly.\n\n## Close down your company\n\nBefore applying to strike off your limited company, you must close it down legally. This involves:\n\n- announcing your plans to interested parties and HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- making sure your employees are treated according to the rules\n\n- dealing with your business assets and accounts\n\n## Who you must tell\n\nFill in an application to strike off and send a copy within 7 days to anyone who could be affected. This includes:\n\n- members (usually the shareholders)\n\n- creditors\n\n- employees\n\n- managers or trustees of any employee pension fund\n\n- any directors who didn\u2019t sign the application form\n\nIf you don\u2019t follow the rules on who you must tell, you can face a fine and possible prosecution.\n\n## Employees\n\nIf your company employs staff, you must:\n\n- follow the rules if you make staff redundant\n\n- pay their final wages or salary\n\n## PAYE and National Insurance (NI)\n\nYou\u2019ll need to tell HMRC that your company has stopped employing people.\n\n## Business assets\n\nYou should make sure that any business assets are shared among the shareholders before the company is struck off.\n\nAnything that\u2019s left will go to the Crown - you\u2019ll have to restore the company to get anything back.\n\n## Final accounts\n\nYou must send final statutory accounts and a Company Tax Return to HMRC.\n\nYou don\u2019t have to file final accounts with Companies House.\n\n- Prepare your final accounts and company tax return.\n\n- File your accounts and company tax return, stating that these are the final trading accounts and that the company will soon be dissolved.\n\n- Pay all Corporation Tax and any other outstanding tax liabilities.\n\nIf you\u2019ve made a loss in your final year of trading, you might be able to offset the tax against profits from previous years - this is known as \u2018terminal loss relief\u2019. You can claim this on your final tax return.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax on personal profits\n\nIf you take assets out of the company before it\u2019s struck off, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax on the amount.\n\nYou might be able to get tax relief on this through Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief.\n\nYou will work this out on your personal Self Assessment tax return.\n\nIf the amount is worth more than \u00a325,000, it will be treated as income and you\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax on it.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou must keep business documents for 7 years after the company is struck off, eg bank statements, invoices and receipts.\n\nIf the company employed people, you must keep copies of its employers\u2019 liability insurance policy and schedule for 40 years from the date the company was dissolved.\n\n## Apply to strike off\n\nTo apply to strike off your limited company, you must send Companies House form DS01.\n\nThe form must be signed by a majority of the company\u2019s directors.\n\nYou should deal with any of the assets of the company before applying, eg close any bank accounts and transfer any domain names.\n\nWhen your company is dissolved, all the remaining assets will pass to the Crown (including any bank balances).\n\nIt costs \u00a310 to strike off a company. You can\u2019t pay using a cheque from an account that belongs to the company you\u2019re striking off.\n\nIt is an offence to make a dishonest application - you can face a fine and possible prosecution.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from Companies House to let you know if you\u2019ve filled in the form correctly. If you have, your request for the company to be struck off will be published as a notice in your local Gazette.\n\nIf nobody objects, the company will be struck off the register once the 2 months mentioned in the notice has passed.\n\nA second notice will be published in the Gazette - this will mean the company won\u2019t legally exist anymore (it will have been \u2018dissolved\u2019).\n\n## More information\n\nRead more guidance on striking off your company.\n\n## Withdraw your application\n\nYou must withdraw your application if your company is no longer eligible to be struck off, eg it is trading or has become insolvent.\n\nYou can withdraw your application if you change your mind. You can only do this if your company is still on the Companies Register.\n\nOnly one director needs to sign the withdrawal form.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can withdraw your application using the Companies House online service.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nFill in form DS02 and send it to the address on the form.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can close down your limited company by getting it \u2018struck off\u2019 the Companies Register, but only if it:

    ", + "
  • hasn\u2019t traded or sold off any stock in the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • hasn\u2019t changed names in the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • isn\u2019t threatened with liquidation
    • ", + "
  • has no agreements with creditors, eg a Company Voluntary Arrangement (CVA)
    • ", + "

    If your company doesn\u2019t meet these conditions, you\u2019ll have to voluntarily liquidate your company instead.

    ", + "

    When you apply to \u2018strike off\u2019 your company, you have certain responsibilities to close down your business properly.

    ", + "

    Close down your company

    ", + "

    Before applying to strike off your limited company, you must close it down legally. This involves:

    ", + "
  • announcing your plans to interested parties and HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • making sure your employees are treated according to the rules
    • ", + "
  • dealing with your business assets and accounts
    • ", + "

    Who you must tell

    ", + "

    Fill in an application to strike off and send a copy within 7 days to anyone who could be affected. This includes:

    ", + "
  • members (usually the shareholders)
    • ", + "
  • creditors
    • ", + "
  • employees
    • ", + "
  • managers or trustees of any employee pension fund
    • ", + "
  • any directors who didn\u2019t sign the application form
    • ", + "

    If you don\u2019t follow the rules on who you must tell, you can face a fine and possible prosecution.

    ", + "

    Employees

    ", + "

    If your company employs staff, you must:

    ", + "
  • follow the rules if you make staff redundant
    • ", + "
  • pay their final wages or salary
    • ", + "

    PAYE and National Insurance (NI)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to tell HMRC that your company has stopped employing people.

    ", + "

    Business assets

    ", + "

    You should make sure that any business assets are shared among the shareholders before the company is struck off.

    ", + "

    Anything that\u2019s left will go to the Crown - you\u2019ll have to restore the company to get anything back.

    ", + "

    Final accounts

    ", + "

    You must send final statutory accounts and a Company Tax Return to HMRC.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to file final accounts with Companies House.

    ", + "
  • Prepare your final accounts and company tax return.
    • ", + "
  • File your accounts and company tax return, stating that these are the final trading accounts and that the company will soon be dissolved.
    • ", + "
  • Pay all Corporation Tax and any other outstanding tax liabilities.
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve made a loss in your final year of trading, you might be able to offset the tax against profits from previous years - this is known as \u2018terminal loss relief\u2019. You can claim this on your final tax return.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax on personal profits

    ", + "

    If you take assets out of the company before it\u2019s struck off, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax on the amount.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get tax relief on this through Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief.

    ", + "

    You will work this out on your personal Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    If the amount is worth more than \u00a325,000, it will be treated as income and you\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax on it.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    You must keep business documents for 7 years after the company is struck off, eg bank statements, invoices and receipts.

    ", + "

    If the company employed people, you must keep copies of its employers\u2019 liability insurance policy and schedule for 40 years from the date the company was dissolved.

    ", + "

    Apply to strike off

    ", + "

    To apply to strike off your limited company, you must send Companies House form DS01.

    ", + "

    The form must be signed by a majority of the company\u2019s directors.

    ", + "

    You should deal with any of the assets of the company before applying, eg close any bank accounts and transfer any domain names.

    ", + "

    When your company is dissolved, all the remaining assets will pass to the Crown (including any bank balances).

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a310 to strike off a company. You can\u2019t pay using a cheque from an account that belongs to the company you\u2019re striking off.

    ", + "

    It is an offence to make a dishonest application - you can face a fine and possible prosecution.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from Companies House to let you know if you\u2019ve filled in the form correctly. If you have, your request for the company to be struck off will be published as a notice in your local Gazette.

    ", + "

    If nobody objects, the company will be struck off the register once the 2 months mentioned in the notice has passed.

    ", + "

    A second notice will be published in the Gazette - this will mean the company won\u2019t legally exist anymore (it will have been \u2018dissolved\u2019).

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    Read more guidance on striking off your company.

    ", + "

    Withdraw your application

    ", + "

    You must withdraw your application if your company is no longer eligible to be struck off, eg it is trading or has become insolvent.

    ", + "

    You can withdraw your application if you change your mind. You can only do this if your company is still on the Companies Register.

    ", + "

    Only one director needs to sign the withdrawal form.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can withdraw your application using the Companies House online service.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    Fill in form DS02 and send it to the address on the form.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/queens-awards-for-enterprise": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/queens-awards-for-enterprise", + "title": "The Queen's Awards for Enterprise", + "content": "## About the awards\n\nThe Queen\u2019s Awards for Enterprise are for outstanding achievement by UK businesses in the categories of:\n\n- innovation\n\n- international trade\n\n- sustainable development\n\n- promoting opportunity through social mobility\n\nFind out if your business is eligible.\n\n## What happens if your company wins\n\nIf you win you\u2019ll be:\n\n- invited to a Royal reception\n\n- presented with the award at your company by one of The Queen\u2019s representatives, a Lord-Lieutenant\n\n- able to fly The Queen\u2019s Awards flag at your main office, and use the emblem on your marketing materials (for example, on your packaging, advertisements, stationery and website)\n\n- given a Grant of Appointment (an official certificate) and a commemorative crystal trophy\n\nThe awards are valid for 5 years.\n\nWinners have reported benefiting from worldwide recognition, increased commercial value, greater press coverage and a boost to staff morale.\n\nFind out when winners are announced.\n\n## Previous winners\n\nView details of previous Queen\u2019s Awards winners.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo apply for the Queen\u2019s Award for Enterprise your organisation must:\n\n- be based in the UK (including the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man)\n\n- file its Company Tax Returns with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- be a self-contained enterprise that markets its own products or services and is under its own management\n\n- have at least 2 full-time UK employees or part-time equivalents\n\n- demonstrate strong corporate social responsibility\n\nYour organisation can be a business or non-profit.\n\nEach of the award categories has additional entry criteria.\n\n## International Trade\n\nTo apply for the International Trade award, you must also:\n\n- have made a minimum of \u00a3100,000 in overseas sales in the first year of your entry and show year-on-year growth\n\n- prove that your organisation has achieved outstanding growth in overseas earnings relative to your business size and sector\n\n- prove steep year-on-year growth (without dips) in overseas sales over 3 years - or substantial year-on-year growth (without dips) over 6 years\n\n## Innovation\n\nTo apply for the Innovation award, you must also:\n\n- have an innovation that has not been sold before\n\n- have had your innovation available on the market for at least 2 years\n\n- have recovered all the investments made in your innovation or show that the innovation will recover its full costs in future\n\n- show outstanding commercial success as a result of innovation over 2 years - or continuous commercial success over 5 years\n\nYour innovation should be in one of the following categories:\n\n- invention, design or production of goods\n\n- performance of services\n\n- marketing and distribution\n\n- after-sale support of goods or services\n\n## Sustainable Development\n\nTo apply for the Sustainable Development award, you must also:\n\n- show how you have achieved outstanding sustainable development for more than 2 years\n\n- provide evidence of the benefits or positive outcomes of your actions or interventions\n\n## Promoting Opportunity through social mobility\n\nTo apply for this award, your organisation must also have supported people from disadvantaged backgrounds in improving their job skills and their chances of finding work.\n\nThis includes doing one or more of the following, for at least 2 years:\n\n- providing work experience or careers advice\n\n- mentoring\n\n- offering interview and job-related training\n\n- making sure your recruitment process is open to everyone\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prove the benefits for:\n\n- the people you\u2019ve supported\n\n- your organisation\n\n- your employees\n\n- the wider community\n\n## Apply\n\nThe Queen\u2019s Awards for Enterprise are free to enter. You can apply for more than one award.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- create an account and register your details\n\n- answer questions about your eligibility - this should take less than 15 minutes\n\n- submit your application by midday on 8 September 2021\n\nApply now\n\n## Queen\u2019s Awards Helpline\n\nContact the Queen\u2019s Awards Helpline if you need help.\n\n## After you've applied\n\n## 2020 awards\n\nWinners have been announced in the London Gazette. The date of the royal reception is to be confirmed.\n\n## 2021 awards\n\n| Time | Step |\n\n| 1 May 2021 | New application period opens for 2021 awards |\n\n| Midday 8 September 2021 | Application period closes |\n\n| October 2021 | Shortlisted organisations notified |\n\n| November 2021 | Shortlisted organisations asked to provide verified commercial figures |\n\n| April 2022 | Winning organisations notified |\n\n| April 2022 | Unsuccessful organisations receive feedback on their applications |\n\n| 21 April 2022 | Winners officially announced in the London Gazette |\n\n| To be confirmed | Representatives from the winning organisations invited to attend a royal reception |", + "original_contents": [ + "

    About the awards

    ", + "

    The Queen\u2019s Awards for Enterprise are for outstanding achievement by UK businesses in the categories of:

    ", + "
  • innovation
    • ", + "
  • international trade
    • ", + "
  • sustainable development
    • ", + "
  • promoting opportunity through social mobility
    • ", + "

    Find out if your business is eligible.

    ", + "

    What happens if your company wins

    ", + "

    If you win you\u2019ll be:

    ", + "
  • invited to a Royal reception
    • ", + "
  • presented with the award at your company by one of The Queen\u2019s representatives, a Lord-Lieutenant
    • ", + "
  • able to fly The Queen\u2019s Awards flag at your main office, and use the emblem on your marketing materials (for example, on your packaging, advertisements, stationery and website)
    • ", + "
  • given a Grant of Appointment (an official certificate) and a commemorative crystal trophy
    • ", + "

    The awards are valid for 5 years.

    ", + "

    Winners have reported benefiting from worldwide recognition, increased commercial value, greater press coverage and a boost to staff morale.

    ", + "

    Find out when winners are announced.

    ", + "

    Previous winners

    ", + "

    View details of previous Queen\u2019s Awards winners.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To apply for the Queen\u2019s Award for Enterprise your organisation must:

    ", + "
  • be based in the UK (including the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man)
    • ", + "
  • file its Company Tax Returns with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • be a self-contained enterprise that markets its own products or services and is under its own management
    • ", + "
  • have at least 2 full-time UK employees or part-time equivalents
    • ", + "
  • demonstrate strong corporate social responsibility
    • ", + "

    Your organisation can be a business or non-profit.

    ", + "

    Each of the award categories has additional entry criteria.

    ", + "

    International Trade

    ", + "

    To apply for the International Trade award, you must also:

    ", + "
  • have made a minimum of \u00a3100,000 in overseas sales in the first year of your entry and show year-on-year growth
    • ", + "
  • prove that your organisation has achieved outstanding growth in overseas earnings relative to your business size and sector
    • ", + "
  • prove steep year-on-year growth (without dips) in overseas sales over 3 years - or substantial year-on-year growth (without dips) over 6 years
    • ", + "

    Innovation

    ", + "

    To apply for the Innovation award, you must also:

    ", + "
  • have an innovation that has not been sold before
    • ", + "
  • have had your innovation available on the market for at least 2 years
    • ", + "
  • have recovered all the investments made in your innovation or show that the innovation will recover its full costs in future
    • ", + "
  • show outstanding commercial success as a result of innovation over 2 years - or continuous commercial success over 5 years
    • ", + "

    Your innovation should be in one of the following categories:

    ", + "
  • invention, design or production of goods
    • ", + "
  • performance of services
    • ", + "
  • marketing and distribution
    • ", + "
  • after-sale support of goods or services
    • ", + "

    Sustainable Development

    ", + "

    To apply for the Sustainable Development award, you must also:

    ", + "
  • show how you have achieved outstanding sustainable development for more than 2 years
    • ", + "
  • provide evidence of the benefits or positive outcomes of your actions or interventions
    • ", + "

    Promoting Opportunity through social mobility

    ", + "

    To apply for this award, your organisation must also have supported people from disadvantaged backgrounds in improving their job skills and their chances of finding work.

    ", + "

    This includes doing one or more of the following, for at least 2 years:

    ", + "
  • providing work experience or careers advice
    • ", + "
  • mentoring
    • ", + "
  • offering interview and job-related training
    • ", + "
  • making sure your recruitment process is open to everyone
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove the benefits for:

    ", + "
  • the people you\u2019ve supported
    • ", + "
  • your organisation
    • ", + "
  • your employees
    • ", + "
  • the wider community
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    The Queen\u2019s Awards for Enterprise are free to enter. You can apply for more than one award.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • create an account and register your details
    • ", + "
  • answer questions about your eligibility - this should take less than 15 minutes
    • ", + "
  • submit your application by midday on 8 September 2021
    • ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Queen\u2019s Awards Helpline

    ", + "

    Contact the Queen\u2019s Awards Helpline if you need help.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    2020 awards

    ", + "

    Winners have been announced in the London Gazette. The date of the royal reception is to be confirmed.

    ", + "

    2021 awards

    ", + "Time | Step", + "1 May 2021 | New application period opens for 2021 awards", + "Midday 8 September 2021 | Application period closes", + "October 2021 | Shortlisted organisations notified", + "November 2021 | Shortlisted organisations asked to provide verified commercial figures", + "April 2022 | Winning organisations notified", + "April 2022 | Unsuccessful organisations receive feedback on their applications", + "21 April 2022 | Winners officially announced in the London Gazette", + "To be confirmed | Representatives from the winning organisations invited to attend a royal reception" + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/employer-reporting-expenses-benefits": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-reporting-expenses-benefits", + "title": "Expenses and benefits for employers", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re an employer and provide expenses or benefits to employees or directors, you might need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and pay tax and National Insurance on them.\n\nExamples of expenses and benefits include:\n\n- company cars\n\n- health insurance\n\n- travel and entertainment expenses\n\n- childcare\n\nThere are different rules for what you have to report and pay depending on the type of expense or benefit that you provide.\n\n## Reporting and paying\n\nAt the end of the tax year you\u2019ll usually need to submit a P11D form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) for each employee you\u2019ve provided with expenses or benefits.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit a P11D(b) form if:\n\n- you\u2019ve submitted any P11D forms\n\n- you\u2019ve paid employees\u2019 expenses or benefits through your payroll\n\n- HMRC have asked you to - either by sending you a form or an email\n\nYour P11D(b) tells HMRC how much Class 1A National Insurance you need to pay on all the expenses and benefits you\u2019ve provided.\n\nIf HMRC have asked you to submit a P11D(b), you can tell them you do not owe Class 1A National Insurance by completing a declaration.\n\n## Paying tax on benefits through your payroll\n\nYou can deduct and pay tax on most employee expenses through your payroll (sometimes called \u2018payrolling\u2019) as long as you\u2019ve registered with HMRC before the start of the tax year (6 April).\n\nYou do not need to submit a P11D form for an employee if you\u2019re paying tax on all their benefits through your payroll.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to submit a P11D(b) form so you can pay any Class 1A National Insurance you owe.\n\n## What to report\n\nEach expense or benefit is calculated differently. Find the type of expense or benefit you\u2019ve provided to see what you\u2019ll need to report and pay.\n\nFor \u2018minor\u2019 expenses or benefits, you might be able to make a one-off payment, known as a PAYE Settlement Agreement.\n\n## How to report\n\nYou can use any of the following methods:\n\n- commercial payroll software\n\n- HMRC\u2019s PAYE Online service\n\n- HMRC\u2019s Online End of Year Expenses and Benefits service\n\nYou can also download and fill in forms P11D and P11D(b) and send them to the P11D Support Team.\n\n## Correct an error\n\nIf you\u2019re correcting a P11D form include all the benefits and expenses for the tax year, not just the ones you want to change.\n\nIf you\u2019re correcting a P11D(b) form include the total amount of Class 1A National Insurance you need to pay, not the difference from your previous version.\n\nYou must submit a paper form, even if you originally submitted online.\n\nThe forms will show the most recent tax year. Write a different tax year on the form if you need to report for a different year. You must write:\n\n- that you\u2019re using the form to correct an error made in a different year to the one printed on the form\n\n- the tax year you\u2019re making the amendment for\n\n## Where to send forms\n\nSend new or corrected paper forms to:\n\n## Penalties\n\nYou may be charged a penalty if you carelessly or deliberately give inaccurate information in your tax return that results in you:\n\n- not paying enough tax\n\n- over-claiming tax reliefs\n\n## Deadlines\n\n| What you need to do | Deadline |\n\n| Submit your P11D forms online to HMRC | 6 July following the end of the tax year |\n\n| Give your employees a copy of the information on your forms | 6 July |\n\n| Tell HMRC the total amount of Class 1A National Insurance you owe on form P11D(b) | 6 July |\n\n| Pay any Class 1A National Insurance owed on expenses or benefits | Must reach HMRC by 22 July (19 July if you pay by cheque) |\n\n| If you have a PAYE Settlement Agreement pay tax and Class 1B National Insurance | Must reach HMRC by 22 October (19 October if you pay by cheque) |\n\n| Pay any PAYE tax or Class 1 National Insurance owed on expenses or benefits | Pay monthly through payroll |\n\nYou\u2019ll get a penalty of \u00a3100 per 50 employees for each month or part month your P11D(b) is late. You\u2019ll also be charged penalties and interest if you\u2019re late paying HMRC.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep a record of all expenses and benefits you provide to your employees.\n\nYour records need to show that you\u2019ve reported accurately and your end-of-year forms are correct.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may ask to see evidence of how you accounted for each expense or benefit at the end of the tax year.\n\n## What you should keep\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep a record of:\n\n- the date and details of every expense or benefit you provide\n\n- any information needed to work out the amounts you put on your end-of-year forms\n\n- any payment your employee contributes to an expense or benefit\n\nYou should also keep any correspondence you have with HMRC.\n\nRecords must be kept for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.\n\n## Exemptions and dispensations\n\nYou don\u2019t have to report some routine employee expenses to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is called an \u2018exemption\u2019.\n\nExemptions have replaced dispensations. You can\u2019t apply for a dispensation any more.\n\n## Expenses covered by an exemption\n\nYou don\u2019t have to report certain business expenses and benefits like:\n\n- business travel\n\n- phone bills\n\n- business entertainment expenses\n\n- uniform and tools for work\n\nTo qualify for an exemption, you must be either be:\n\n- paying a flat rate to your employee as part of their earnings - this must be either a benchmark rate or a special (\u2018bespoke\u2019) rate approved by HMRC\n\n- paying back the employee\u2019s actual costs\n\nYou must deduct and pay tax and National Insurance on all other expenses and benefits you give to your employees, and report them to HMRC as normal.\n\n## Apply for an exemption\n\nYou don\u2019t need to apply for an exemption if you\u2019re paying HMRC\u2019s benchmark rates for allowable expenses.\n\nYou only need to apply for an exemption if you want to pay bespoke rates to your employees.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to give HMRC evidence that the rates you\u2019re suggesting are based on your employees\u2019 actual expenses.\n\n## If you had a dispensation from HMRC\n\nYour dispensation won\u2019t apply after 5 April 2016, but the expenses covered by it should also be covered by the exemption.\n\nIf you agreed bespoke rates with HMRC between 6 April 2011 and 5 April 2016 as part of your dispensation, you can apply to carry on using them.\n\nYou can only use the bespoke rates for up to 5 years from the date they were agreed.\n\n## Checking expenses\n\nYou must have a system in place to check payments you make at benchmark or bespoke rates.\n\nYour employees aren\u2019t allowed to check their own expenses, so someone else within your company needs to do this to make sure they\u2019re legitimate.\n\nTell your employees to keep proof of their expenses, for example receipts or bills, in case you need to check them.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employer and provide expenses or benefits to employees or directors, you might need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and pay tax and National Insurance on them.

    ", + "

    Examples of expenses and benefits include:

    ", + "
  • company cars
    • ", + "
  • health insurance
    • ", + "
  • travel and entertainment expenses
    • ", + "
  • childcare
    • ", + "

    There are different rules for what you have to report and pay depending on the type of expense or benefit that you provide.

    ", + "

    Reporting and paying

    ", + "

    At the end of the tax year you\u2019ll usually need to submit a P11D form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) for each employee you\u2019ve provided with expenses or benefits.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit a P11D(b) form if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve submitted any P11D forms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve paid employees\u2019 expenses or benefits through your payroll
    • ", + "
  • HMRC have asked you to - either by sending you a form or an email
    • ", + "

    Your P11D(b) tells HMRC how much Class 1A National Insurance you need to pay on all the expenses and benefits you\u2019ve provided.

    ", + "

    If HMRC have asked you to submit a P11D(b), you can tell them you do not owe Class 1A National Insurance by completing a declaration.

    ", + "

    Paying tax on benefits through your payroll

    ", + "

    You can deduct and pay tax on most employee expenses through your payroll (sometimes called \u2018payrolling\u2019) as long as you\u2019ve registered with HMRC before the start of the tax year (6 April).

    ", + "

    You do not need to submit a P11D form for an employee if you\u2019re paying tax on all their benefits through your payroll.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to submit a P11D(b) form so you can pay any Class 1A National Insurance you owe.

    ", + "

    What to report

    ", + "

    Each expense or benefit is calculated differently. Find the type of expense or benefit you\u2019ve provided to see what you\u2019ll need to report and pay.

    ", + "

    For \u2018minor\u2019 expenses or benefits, you might be able to make a one-off payment, known as a PAYE Settlement Agreement.

    ", + "

    How to report

    ", + "

    You can use any of the following methods:

    ", + "
  • commercial payroll software
    • ", + "
  • HMRC\u2019s PAYE Online service
    • ", + "
  • HMRC\u2019s Online End of Year Expenses and Benefits service
    • ", + "

    You can also download and fill in forms P11D and P11D(b) and send them to the P11D Support Team.

    ", + "

    Correct an error

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re correcting a P11D form include all the benefits and expenses for the tax year, not just the ones you want to change.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re correcting a P11D(b) form include the total amount of Class 1A National Insurance you need to pay, not the difference from your previous version.

    ", + "

    You must submit a paper form, even if you originally submitted online.

    ", + "

    The forms will show the most recent tax year. Write a different tax year on the form if you need to report for a different year. You must write:

    ", + "
  • that you\u2019re using the form to correct an error made in a different year to the one printed on the form
    • ", + "
  • the tax year you\u2019re making the amendment for
    • ", + "

    Where to send forms

    ", + "

    Send new or corrected paper forms to:

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    You may be charged a penalty if you carelessly or deliberately give inaccurate information in your tax return that results in you:

    ", + "
  • not paying enough tax
    • ", + "
  • over-claiming tax reliefs
    • ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "What you need to do | Deadline", + "Submit your P11D forms online to HMRC | 6 July following the end of the tax year", + "Give your employees a copy of the information on your forms | 6 July", + "Tell HMRC the total amount of Class 1A National Insurance you owe on form P11D(b) | 6 July", + "Pay any Class 1A National Insurance owed on expenses or benefits | Must reach HMRC by 22 July (19 July if you pay by cheque)", + "If you have a PAYE Settlement Agreement pay tax and Class 1B National Insurance | Must reach HMRC by 22 October (19 October if you pay by cheque)", + "Pay any PAYE tax or Class 1 National Insurance owed on expenses or benefits | Pay monthly through payroll", + "

    You\u2019ll get a penalty of \u00a3100 per 50 employees for each month or part month your P11D(b) is late. You\u2019ll also be charged penalties and interest if you\u2019re late paying HMRC.

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You must keep a record of all expenses and benefits you provide to your employees.

    ", + "

    Your records need to show that you\u2019ve reported accurately and your end-of-year forms are correct.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may ask to see evidence of how you accounted for each expense or benefit at the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    What you should keep

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep a record of:

    ", + "
  • the date and details of every expense or benefit you provide
    • ", + "
  • any information needed to work out the amounts you put on your end-of-year forms
    • ", + "
  • any payment your employee contributes to an expense or benefit
    • ", + "

    You should also keep any correspondence you have with HMRC.

    ", + "

    Records must be kept for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.

    ", + "

    Exemptions and dispensations

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to report some routine employee expenses to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is called an \u2018exemption\u2019.

    ", + "

    Exemptions have replaced dispensations. You can\u2019t apply for a dispensation any more.

    ", + "

    Expenses covered by an exemption

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to report certain business expenses and benefits like:

    ", + "
  • business travel
    • ", + "
  • phone bills
    • ", + "
  • business entertainment expenses
    • ", + "
  • uniform and tools for work
    • ", + "

    To qualify for an exemption, you must be either be:

    ", + "
  • paying a flat rate to your employee as part of their earnings - this must be either a benchmark rate or a special (\u2018bespoke\u2019) rate approved by HMRC
    • ", + "
  • paying back the employee\u2019s actual costs
    • ", + "

    You must deduct and pay tax and National Insurance on all other expenses and benefits you give to your employees, and report them to HMRC as normal.

    ", + "

    Apply for an exemption

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to apply for an exemption if you\u2019re paying HMRC\u2019s benchmark rates for allowable expenses.

    ", + "

    You only need to apply for an exemption if you want to pay bespoke rates to your employees.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to give HMRC evidence that the rates you\u2019re suggesting are based on your employees\u2019 actual expenses.

    ", + "

    If you had a dispensation from HMRC

    ", + "

    Your dispensation won\u2019t apply after 5 April 2016, but the expenses covered by it should also be covered by the exemption.

    ", + "

    If you agreed bespoke rates with HMRC between 6 April 2011 and 5 April 2016 as part of your dispensation, you can apply to carry on using them.

    ", + "

    You can only use the bespoke rates for up to 5 years from the date they were agreed.

    ", + "

    Checking expenses

    ", + "

    You must have a system in place to check payments you make at benchmark or bespoke rates.

    ", + "

    Your employees aren\u2019t allowed to check their own expenses, so someone else within your company needs to do this to make sure they\u2019re legitimate.

    ", + "

    Tell your employees to keep proof of their expenses, for example receipts or bills, in case you need to check them.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/expenses-and-benefits-loans-provided-to-employees": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/expenses-and-benefits-loans-provided-to-employees", + "title": "Expenses and benefits: loans provided to employees", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAs an employer providing loans to your employees or their relatives, you have certain National Insurance and reporting obligations.\n\n## What\u2019s included\n\nThere are different rules for:\n\n- providing \u2018beneficial loans\u2019, which are interest-free, or at a rate below HMRC\u2019s official interest rate\n\n- providing loans you write off\n\n- charging a director\u2019s personal bills to their loan account within the company\n\n## Beneficial loans\n\nThe rules cover beneficial loans advanced, arranged, facilitated, guaranteed or taken over from someone else by:\n\n- you (the employer)\n\n- a company or partnership you control\n\n- a company or partnership that controls your business\n\n- a person with a material interest in your business\n\nSee the technical guidance for what to do in more complicated situations, eg if you use third-party arrangements to make a loan to your employee.\n\n## What's exempt\n\nYou might not have to report anything to HMRC or pay tax and National Insurance on some types of beneficial loans.\n\nThis includes loans you provide:\n\n- in the normal course of a domestic or family relationship as an individual (not as a company you control, even if you are the sole owner and employee)\n\n- with a combined outstanding value to an employee of less than \u00a310,000 throughout the whole tax year (\u00a35,000 for 2013 to 2014)\n\n- to an employee for a fixed and invariable period, and at a fixed and invariable rate that was equal to or higher than HMRC\u2019s official interest rate when the loan was taken out\n\n- under identical terms and conditions to the general public as well (this mostly applies to commercial lenders)\n\n- that are \u2018qualifying loans\u2019, meaning all of the interest qualifies for tax relief - see the technical guidance for an explanation of this complex area\n\n- using a director\u2019s loan account as long as it\u2019s not overdrawn at any time during the tax year\n\n## Salary sacrifice arrangements\n\nYou do have to report loans to your employees or their relatives if they\u2019re made as part of a salary sacrifice arrangement.\n\n## What to report and pay\n\nIf the loans you provide aren\u2019t exempt, you have to report the costs to HMRC, and deduct or pay National Insurance on them.\n\n## Beneficial loans\n\nIf you or your business provides a beneficial loan, as defined in the overview, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- report it on form P11D\n\n- pay Class 1A National Insurance on the value of the benefit\n\n## Loans you write off\n\nYou always have to report and pay on loans to employees that you write off, whether or not they are classed as beneficial loans.\n\nYou must:\n\n- report it on form P11D\n\n- deduct and pay Class 1 National Insurance (but not PAYE tax) on the value of the benefit\n\n## Work out the value\n\nYou can work out the value of loans using HMRC\u2019s PAYE Online or commercial payroll software.\n\nYou can also work out the value manually on P11D working sheet 4.\n\n## Salary sacrifice arrangements\n\nIf the cost of the loan is less than the amount of salary given up, report the salary amount instead.\n\nThese rules don\u2019t apply to arrangements made before 6 April 2017 - check when the rules will change.\n\n## Technical guidance\n\nThe following guides contain more detailed information:\n\n- beneficial loans: contents page\n\n- Class 1 National Insurance: loans written off\n\n- loans released or written off\n\n- making a loan: loan made by third party\n\n- contrasting treatment where some or part of the interest would qualify for relief\n\n- director\u2019s loan accounts: overview\n\n- director\u2019s loan accounts: whether withdrawals are loans or earnings\n\n- beneficial loan arrangements (chapter 17 of \u2018Expenses and benefits: a tax guide\u2019)", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As an employer providing loans to your employees or their relatives, you have certain National Insurance and reporting obligations.

    ", + "

    What\u2019s included

    ", + "

    There are different rules for:

    ", + "
  • providing \u2018beneficial loans\u2019, which are interest-free, or at a rate below HMRC\u2019s official interest rate
    • ", + "
  • providing loans you write off
    • ", + "
  • charging a director\u2019s personal bills to their loan account within the company
    • ", + "

    Beneficial loans

    ", + "

    The rules cover beneficial loans advanced, arranged, facilitated, guaranteed or taken over from someone else by:

    ", + "
  • you (the employer)
    • ", + "
  • a company or partnership you control
    • ", + "
  • a company or partnership that controls your business
    • ", + "
  • a person with a material interest in your business
    • ", + "

    See the technical guidance for what to do in more complicated situations, eg if you use third-party arrangements to make a loan to your employee.

    ", + "

    What's exempt

    ", + "

    You might not have to report anything to HMRC or pay tax and National Insurance on some types of beneficial loans.

    ", + "

    This includes loans you provide:

    ", + "
  • in the normal course of a domestic or family relationship as an individual (not as a company you control, even if you are the sole owner and employee)
    • ", + "
  • with a combined outstanding value to an employee of less than \u00a310,000 throughout the whole tax year (\u00a35,000 for 2013 to 2014)
    • ", + "
  • to an employee for a fixed and invariable period, and at a fixed and invariable rate that was equal to or higher than HMRC\u2019s official interest rate when the loan was taken out
    • ", + "
  • under identical terms and conditions to the general public as well (this mostly applies to commercial lenders)
    • ", + "
  • that are \u2018qualifying loans\u2019, meaning all of the interest qualifies for tax relief - see the technical guidance for an explanation of this complex area
    • ", + "
  • using a director\u2019s loan account as long as it\u2019s not overdrawn at any time during the tax year
    • ", + "

    Salary sacrifice arrangements

    ", + "

    You do have to report loans to your employees or their relatives if they\u2019re made as part of a salary sacrifice arrangement.

    ", + "

    What to report and pay

    ", + "

    If the loans you provide aren\u2019t exempt, you have to report the costs to HMRC, and deduct or pay National Insurance on them.

    ", + "

    Beneficial loans

    ", + "

    If you or your business provides a beneficial loan, as defined in the overview, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • report it on form P11D
    • ", + "
  • pay Class 1A National Insurance on the value of the benefit
    • ", + "

    Loans you write off

    ", + "

    You always have to report and pay on loans to employees that you write off, whether or not they are classed as beneficial loans.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • report it on form P11D
    • ", + "
  • deduct and pay Class 1 National Insurance (but not PAYE tax) on the value of the benefit
    • ", + "

    Work out the value

    ", + "

    You can work out the value of loans using HMRC\u2019s PAYE Online or commercial payroll software.

    ", + "

    You can also work out the value manually on P11D working sheet 4.

    ", + "

    Salary sacrifice arrangements

    ", + "

    If the cost of the loan is less than the amount of salary given up, report the salary amount instead.

    ", + "

    These rules don\u2019t apply to arrangements made before 6 April 2017 - check when the rules will change.

    ", + "

    Technical guidance

    ", + "

    The following guides contain more detailed information:

    ", + "
  • beneficial loans: contents page
    • ", + "
  • Class 1 National Insurance: loans written off
    • ", + "
  • loans released or written off
    • ", + "
  • making a loan: loan made by third party
    • ", + "
  • contrasting treatment where some or part of the interest would qualify for relief
    • ", + "
  • director\u2019s loan accounts: overview
    • ", + "
  • director\u2019s loan accounts: whether withdrawals are loans or earnings
    • ", + "
  • beneficial loan arrangements (chapter 17 of \u2018Expenses and benefits: a tax guide\u2019)
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/paye-settlement-agreements": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-settlement-agreements", + "title": "PAYE Settlement Agreements", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) allows you to make one annual payment to cover all the tax and National Insurance due on minor, irregular or impracticable expenses or benefits for your employees.\n\nIf you get a PSA for these items you will not need to:\n\n- put them through your payroll to work out tax and National Insurance\n\n- include them in your end-of-year P11D forms\n\n- pay Class 1A National Insurance on them at the end of the tax year (you pay Class 1B National Insurance as part of your PSA instead)\n\nSome employee expenses are covered by exemptions (which have replaced dispensations). This means you will not have to include them in your end-of-year reports.\n\n## What's included\n\nThe expenses or benefits you include in a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) must be minor, irregular or impracticable.\n\n## Minor\n\nExamples of minor benefits and expenses include:\n\n- incentive awards, for example for long-service\n\n- telephone bills\n\n- small gifts and vouchers\n\n- staff entertainment, for example a ticket to an event\n\n- non-business expenses while travelling overnight on business that are over the daily limit\n\nYou do not need to include trivial benefits in your PSA.\n\n## Irregular\n\nIrregular benefits and expenses are things that are not paid at regular intervals over the course of a tax year, for example weekly or monthly. They\u2019re also things that employees do not have a contractual right to. Examples of irregular expenses and benefits include:\n\n- relocation expenses over \u00a38,000 (these are tax-free below \u00a38,000)\n\n- the cost of attending overseas conferences\n\n- expenses of a spouse accompanying an employee abroad\n\n- use of a company holiday flat\n\n## Impracticable\n\nImpracticable expenses and benefits are things that are difficult to place a value on or divide up between individual employees. Examples of impracticable expenses and benefits include:\n\n- staff entertainment that is not exempt from tax or National Insurance Contributions\n\n- shared cars\n\n- personal care expenses, for example hairdressing\n\n## What\u2019s not included\n\nYou cannot include wages, high-value benefits like company cars, or cash payments such as:\n\n- bonuses\n\n- round sum allowances\n\n- beneficial loans in a PSA\n\nIf you apply after the start of the tax year, there are extra restrictions on what you can include.\n\n## How to get a PSA\n\n- Write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Business Tax and Customs describing the expenses and benefits you want the PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) to cover.\n\n- Once they\u2019ve agreed on what can be included, they\u2019ll send you 2 draft copies of form P626. Sign and return both copies. HMRC will authorise your request and send back a form - this is your PSA.\n\n- You\u2019ll need to report anything that cannot be included separately using form P11D. You do not need to send a P11D if you\u2019re paying employees\u2019 expenses and benefits through your payroll.\n\n- Use form PSA1 to help you calculate the overall amount you\u2019ll need to pay. If you do not, HMRC will calculate the amount. You\u2019ll be charged more if this happens.\n\n- Send the completed form to HMRC as soon as possible after the end of the tax year. They\u2019ll get in touch with you before 19 October following the tax year that the PSA covers to confirm the total tax and National Insurance you need to pay.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give an agent a signed letter of authority to make a PSA on your behalf if they do not have authorisation to do so.\n\nContact the HMRC employer helpline for advice on getting and calculating your PSA.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe agreement will continue until either you or HMRC cancels it or you need to change it. You do not need to renew the PSA each tax year.\n\n## Deadlines and payment\n\nThe deadline for applying for a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) is 5 July following the first tax year it applies to.\n\n## When to pay\n\nYou must pay any tax and National Insurance owed under a PSA by 22 October after the tax year the PSA applies to (19 October if you pay by post).\n\nYou may be fined or charged interest if you do not pay or your payment is late.\n\n## What to pay when the PSA is first approved\n\nIf HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) approves your PSA before the start of a tax year, you can include any expenses and benefits contained in the agreement.\n\nIf they approve it after the start of the tax year, you might need to report some items separately.\n\n## If your PSA is approved before 6 April\n\nYou must use form P11D to report expenses and benefits provided before the agreement date that you:\n\n- have already included in your employee\u2019s tax code\n\n- included (or should have included) in your employee\u2019s PAYE tax and National Insurance deductions\n\n## If your PSA is approved between 6 April and 5 July\n\nYou must use form P11D to report expenses and benefits provided during the tax year that you:\n\n- have already included in your employee\u2019s tax code\n\n- included (or should have included) in your employee\u2019s PAYE tax and National Insurance deductions\n\n## Change or cancel a PSA\n\nTo change the items covered by your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA), send details of the changes to the office that issued it. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a revised P626 that you need to sign and return.\n\n## Cancel a PSA\n\nTo cancel your PSA, fill in the return slip section of the P626 and send it to HMRC.\n\nHMRC will cancel your PSA on the date you put on the return slip.\n\nYou need to report any outstanding tax and National Insurance Contributions (NICs) due on benefits and expenses using forms P11D and PSA1.\n\nYou need to pay any outstanding tax and NICs by 22 October after the tax year the PSA applies to (19 October if you pay by post).\n\nYou need to pay any NICs owed on expenses or benefits listed on the P11D form by 22 July after the tax year it applies to (19 July if you pay by post).\n\nIf you continue providing benefits after you\u2019ve cancelled your PSA, you need to either:\n\n- report them on a P11D form\n\n- put them through payroll\n\nYou can pay any tax or NICs due via PAYE.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) allows you to make one annual payment to cover all the tax and National Insurance due on minor, irregular or impracticable expenses or benefits for your employees.

    ", + "

    If you get a PSA for these items you will not need to:

    ", + "
  • put them through your payroll to work out tax and National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • include them in your end-of-year P11D forms
    • ", + "
  • pay Class 1A National Insurance on them at the end of the tax year (you pay Class 1B National Insurance as part of your PSA instead)
    • ", + "

    Some employee expenses are covered by exemptions (which have replaced dispensations). This means you will not have to include them in your end-of-year reports.

    ", + "

    What's included

    ", + "

    The expenses or benefits you include in a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) must be minor, irregular or impracticable.

    ", + "

    Minor

    ", + "

    Examples of minor benefits and expenses include:

    ", + "
  • incentive awards, for example for long-service
    • ", + "
  • telephone bills
    • ", + "
  • small gifts and vouchers
    • ", + "
  • staff entertainment, for example a ticket to an event
    • ", + "
  • non-business expenses while travelling overnight on business that are over the daily limit
    • ", + "

    You do not need to include trivial benefits in your PSA.

    ", + "

    Irregular

    ", + "

    Irregular benefits and expenses are things that are not paid at regular intervals over the course of a tax year, for example weekly or monthly. They\u2019re also things that employees do not have a contractual right to. Examples of irregular expenses and benefits include:

    ", + "
  • relocation expenses over \u00a38,000 (these are tax-free below \u00a38,000)
    • ", + "
  • the cost of attending overseas conferences
    • ", + "
  • expenses of a spouse accompanying an employee abroad
    • ", + "
  • use of a company holiday flat
    • ", + "

    Impracticable

    ", + "

    Impracticable expenses and benefits are things that are difficult to place a value on or divide up between individual employees. Examples of impracticable expenses and benefits include:

    ", + "
  • staff entertainment that is not exempt from tax or National Insurance Contributions
    • ", + "
  • shared cars
    • ", + "
  • personal care expenses, for example hairdressing
    • ", + "

    What\u2019s not included

    ", + "

    You cannot include wages, high-value benefits like company cars, or cash payments such as:

    ", + "
  • bonuses
    • ", + "
  • round sum allowances
    • ", + "
  • beneficial loans in a PSA
    • ", + "

    If you apply after the start of the tax year, there are extra restrictions on what you can include.

    ", + "

    How to get a PSA

    ", + "
  • Write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Business Tax and Customs describing the expenses and benefits you want the PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) to cover.
    • ", + "
  • Once they\u2019ve agreed on what can be included, they\u2019ll send you 2 draft copies of form P626. Sign and return both copies. HMRC will authorise your request and send back a form - this is your PSA.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll need to report anything that cannot be included separately using form P11D. You do not need to send a P11D if you\u2019re paying employees\u2019 expenses and benefits through your payroll.
    • ", + "
  • Use form PSA1 to help you calculate the overall amount you\u2019ll need to pay. If you do not, HMRC will calculate the amount. You\u2019ll be charged more if this happens.
    • ", + "
  • Send the completed form to HMRC as soon as possible after the end of the tax year. They\u2019ll get in touch with you before 19 October following the tax year that the PSA covers to confirm the total tax and National Insurance you need to pay.
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give an agent a signed letter of authority to make a PSA on your behalf if they do not have authorisation to do so.

    ", + "

    Contact the HMRC employer helpline for advice on getting and calculating your PSA.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The agreement will continue until either you or HMRC cancels it or you need to change it. You do not need to renew the PSA each tax year.

    ", + "

    Deadlines and payment

    ", + "

    The deadline for applying for a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) is 5 July following the first tax year it applies to.

    ", + "

    When to pay

    ", + "

    You must pay any tax and National Insurance owed under a PSA by 22 October after the tax year the PSA applies to (19 October if you pay by post).

    ", + "

    You may be fined or charged interest if you do not pay or your payment is late.

    ", + "

    What to pay when the PSA is first approved

    ", + "

    If HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) approves your PSA before the start of a tax year, you can include any expenses and benefits contained in the agreement.

    ", + "

    If they approve it after the start of the tax year, you might need to report some items separately.

    ", + "

    If your PSA is approved before 6 April

    ", + "

    You must use form P11D to report expenses and benefits provided before the agreement date that you:

    ", + "
  • have already included in your employee\u2019s tax code
    • ", + "
  • included (or should have included) in your employee\u2019s PAYE tax and National Insurance deductions
    • ", + "

    If your PSA is approved between 6 April and 5 July

    ", + "

    You must use form P11D to report expenses and benefits provided during the tax year that you:

    ", + "
  • have already included in your employee\u2019s tax code
    • ", + "
  • included (or should have included) in your employee\u2019s PAYE tax and National Insurance deductions
    • ", + "

    Change or cancel a PSA

    ", + "

    To change the items covered by your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA), send details of the changes to the office that issued it. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a revised P626 that you need to sign and return.

    ", + "

    Cancel a PSA

    ", + "

    To cancel your PSA, fill in the return slip section of the P626 and send it to HMRC.

    ", + "

    HMRC will cancel your PSA on the date you put on the return slip.

    ", + "

    You need to report any outstanding tax and National Insurance Contributions (NICs) due on benefits and expenses using forms P11D and PSA1.

    ", + "

    You need to pay any outstanding tax and NICs by 22 October after the tax year the PSA applies to (19 October if you pay by post).

    ", + "

    You need to pay any NICs owed on expenses or benefits listed on the P11D form by 22 July after the tax year it applies to (19 July if you pay by post).

    ", + "

    If you continue providing benefits after you\u2019ve cancelled your PSA, you need to either:

    ", + "
  • report them on a P11D form
    • ", + "
  • put them through payroll
    • ", + "

    You can pay any tax or NICs due via PAYE.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/claiming-money-or-property-from-dissolved-company": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claiming-money-or-property-from-dissolved-company", + "title": "Claiming money or property from a dissolved company", + "content": "## Overview\n\nWhen a company is dissolved, all of its assets pass to the Crown and are legally known as \u2018bona vacantia\u2019 (ownerless property). Assets include:\n\n- property and land\n\n- mortgages\n\n- shares\n\n- intellectual property, for example trademarks, registered designs and patents\n\n## Claiming or buying assets\n\nYou may be able to claim money back or buy assets from the dissolved company by:\n\n- getting a court order to restore the company - if they owe you money\n\n- buying or claiming some of their assets - if you\u2019re affected by the company closing\n\n- applying for a discretionary grant - if you were a shareholder\n\nYou can get legal advice about the best way to claim back your money.\n\n## Get a court order to restore a company\n\nYou may be able to apply for a court order to restore a company if:\n\n- you did business with them\n\n- you worked for them\n\n- they owed you money when they were dissolved\n\n- you\u2019re responsible for their employee pension fund\n\n- you have a shared or competing interest in land\n\n- you were a shareholder or director when it was dissolved\n\nYou may be able to restore the company without a court order if you were a director or shareholder of a dissolved company.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in a claim to restore by court order (form N208) to apply for court order restoration in England and Wales.\n\nHM Courts and Tribunals service has guidance notes on filling in form N208 if you need help.\n\nFind the company\u2019s registered office and send your completed form to their nearest county court that deals with bankruptcy.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure where to send the form then contact the Royal Courts of Justice.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to include:\n\n- the \u00a3280 court fee (cash, postal order or cheque made payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019)\n\n- a witness statement, containing the supporting information outlined in section 4 of the Treasury Solicitor\u2019s guide to company restoration\n\n## In Scotland\n\nApply to the Court of Session if the initial value of the company\u2019s shares that have been paid for (\u2018paid-up capital\u2019) is more than \u00a3120,000.\n\nApply to the local sheriff court for other companies.\n\nYou\u2019ll then have to serve a \u2018petition to restore\u2019 on the Registrar of Companies in Scotland, and any other bodies the court asks you to.\n\n## In Northern Ireland\n\nApply by serving an \u2018originating summons\u2019 on the Royal Courts of Justice:\n\nYou also need to send this to the Registrar of Companies in Northern Ireland, along with a witness statement in support of the application.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf your claim is accepted, the court will issue an order to restore a company - you\u2019ll be sent this, and you must send it on to the Registrar of Companies. Once they have it they will restore the company.\n\nYou\u2019ll then need to take further action to try and get your money:\n\n- get a \u2018judgment\u2019 from court for the amount of the money you\u2019re owed together with interest and costs\n\n- issue a statutory demand\n\n- take out a winding up petition\n\n## Buy a dissolved company's assets\n\nYou may be able to claim or buy an asset belonging to a dissolved company by asking the body representing the Crown. This is known as \u2018referring\u2019 an asset.\n\nWho you ask depends on where the company was registered.\n\nAnybody can refer an asset, for example if:\n\n- you\u2019re the leaseholder of a property where the company owned the freehold\n\n- you want to buy or are affected by land owned by the company\n\n- you want to buy other assets of the company like shares, trade marks or copyrights\n\n- you\u2019re a shareholder trying to get cash held by the company\n\n## How to refer an asset\n\nThe Treasury Solicitor looks after dissolved company assets in England and Wales (but not Cornwall or Lancashire).\n\nFind out how to refer an asset to the Treasury Solicitor.\n\nYou can also write to:\n\n## Other bodies that represent the Crown\n\nElsewhere, dissolved companies\u2019 assets are dealt with by:\n\n- in Cornwall and Lancashire - Farrer and Co\n\n- in Scotland - The Queen\u2019s and Lord Treasurer\u2019s Remembrancer\n\n- in Northern Ireland - phone or write to the Crown Solicitor\u2019s Office for Northern Ireland\n\n## Apply for a discretionary grant\n\nYou may be able to get back a dissolved company\u2019s assets if you were one of its shareholders.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIn England and Wales (but not Cornwall or Lancashire) you must apply to the Treasury Solicitor.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether the company can be restored or not.\n\nThe Treasury Solicitor has guidance on what you should do if:\n\n- the company can be restored\n\n- the company cannot be restored\n\n## Companies in Scotland, Northern Ireland, Cornwall and Lancashire\n\nProperty owned by dissolved companies is dealt with:\n\n- in Cornwall and Lancashire - Farrer and Co\n\n- in Scotland - The Queen\u2019s and Lord Treasurer\u2019s Remembrancer\n\n- in Northern Ireland - the Crown Solicitor\u2019s Office for Northern Ireland", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When a company is dissolved, all of its assets pass to the Crown and are legally known as \u2018bona vacantia\u2019 (ownerless property). Assets include:

    ", + "
  • property and land
    • ", + "
  • mortgages
    • ", + "
  • shares
    • ", + "
  • intellectual property, for example trademarks, registered designs and patents
    • ", + "

    Claiming or buying assets

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim money back or buy assets from the dissolved company by:

    ", + "
  • getting a court order to restore the company - if they owe you money
    • ", + "
  • buying or claiming some of their assets - if you\u2019re affected by the company closing
    • ", + "
  • applying for a discretionary grant - if you were a shareholder
    • ", + "

    You can get legal advice about the best way to claim back your money.

    ", + "

    Get a court order to restore a company

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a court order to restore a company if:

    ", + "
  • you did business with them
    • ", + "
  • you worked for them
    • ", + "
  • they owed you money when they were dissolved
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re responsible for their employee pension fund
    • ", + "
  • you have a shared or competing interest in land
    • ", + "
  • you were a shareholder or director when it was dissolved
    • ", + "

    You may be able to restore the company without a court order if you were a director or shareholder of a dissolved company.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a claim to restore by court order (form N208) to apply for court order restoration in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    HM Courts and Tribunals service has guidance notes on filling in form N208 if you need help.

    ", + "

    Find the company\u2019s registered office and send your completed form to their nearest county court that deals with bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure where to send the form then contact the Royal Courts of Justice.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to include:

    ", + "
  • the \u00a3280 court fee (cash, postal order or cheque made payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a witness statement, containing the supporting information outlined in section 4 of the Treasury Solicitor\u2019s guide to company restoration
    • ", + "

    In Scotland

    ", + "

    Apply to the Court of Session if the initial value of the company\u2019s shares that have been paid for (\u2018paid-up capital\u2019) is more than \u00a3120,000.

    ", + "

    Apply to the local sheriff court for other companies.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then have to serve a \u2018petition to restore\u2019 on the Registrar of Companies in Scotland, and any other bodies the court asks you to.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Apply by serving an \u2018originating summons\u2019 on the Royal Courts of Justice:

    ", + "

    You also need to send this to the Registrar of Companies in Northern Ireland, along with a witness statement in support of the application.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    If your claim is accepted, the court will issue an order to restore a company - you\u2019ll be sent this, and you must send it on to the Registrar of Companies. Once they have it they will restore the company.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then need to take further action to try and get your money:

    ", + "
  • get a \u2018judgment\u2019 from court for the amount of the money you\u2019re owed together with interest and costs
    • ", + "
  • issue a statutory demand
    • ", + "
  • take out a winding up petition
    • ", + "

    Buy a dissolved company's assets

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim or buy an asset belonging to a dissolved company by asking the body representing the Crown. This is known as \u2018referring\u2019 an asset.

    ", + "

    Who you ask depends on where the company was registered.

    ", + "

    Anybody can refer an asset, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the leaseholder of a property where the company owned the freehold
    • ", + "
  • you want to buy or are affected by land owned by the company
    • ", + "
  • you want to buy other assets of the company like shares, trade marks or copyrights
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a shareholder trying to get cash held by the company
    • ", + "

    How to refer an asset

    ", + "

    The Treasury Solicitor looks after dissolved company assets in England and Wales (but not Cornwall or Lancashire).

    ", + "

    Find out how to refer an asset to the Treasury Solicitor.

    ", + "

    You can also write to:

    ", + "

    Other bodies that represent the Crown

    ", + "

    Elsewhere, dissolved companies\u2019 assets are dealt with by:

    ", + "
  • in Cornwall and Lancashire - Farrer and Co
    • ", + "
  • in Scotland - The Queen\u2019s and Lord Treasurer\u2019s Remembrancer
    • ", + "
  • in Northern Ireland - phone or write to the Crown Solicitor\u2019s Office for Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Apply for a discretionary grant

    ", + "

    You may be able to get back a dissolved company\u2019s assets if you were one of its shareholders.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    In England and Wales (but not Cornwall or Lancashire) you must apply to the Treasury Solicitor.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether the company can be restored or not.

    ", + "

    The Treasury Solicitor has guidance on what you should do if:

    ", + "
  • the company can be restored
    • ", + "
  • the company cannot be restored
    • ", + "

    Companies in Scotland, Northern Ireland, Cornwall and Lancashire

    ", + "

    Property owned by dissolved companies is dealt with:

    ", + "
  • in Cornwall and Lancashire - Farrer and Co
    • ", + "
  • in Scotland - The Queen\u2019s and Lord Treasurer\u2019s Remembrancer
    • ", + "
  • in Northern Ireland - the Crown Solicitor\u2019s Office for Northern Ireland
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/county-court-judgments-ccj-for-debt": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/county-court-judgments-ccj-for-debt", + "title": "County court judgments for debt", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may get a county court judgment (CCJ) or high court judgment if someone takes court action against you (saying you owe them money) and you do not respond.\n\nYou must respond to the court claim by the date on the email or letter you receive.\n\nIf you get a judgment, this means that the court has formally decided that you owe the money.\n\nThe judgment will come in the post and will explain:\n\n- how much you owe\n\n- how to pay (in full or in instalments)\n\n- the deadline for paying\n\n- who to pay\n\nRecords of judgments are kept for 6 years unless you pay the full amount within a month - this can make it hard to get credit.\n\n## What you can do if you get a judgment\n\nIf you do owe the money, you\u2019ll need to pay it back. If you cannot afford to, you can ask to:\n\n- change the terms of (\u2018vary\u2019) the judgment\n\n- pay it back in instalments\n\nFind out what options you have for paying the judgment.\n\nYou can apply for the judgment to be cancelled (or \u2018set aside\u2019) if:\n\n- you do not owe the money\n\n- you did not receive, or did not respond to, the original claim from the court saying you owed the money\n\nFind out how to apply for the judgment to be cancelled.\n\nIf you get a judgment, do not ignore it - you could be taken back to court and forced to pay.\n\n## Court judgments for debt in Scotland\n\nThe law is different in Scotland - read guidance from the Accountant in Bankruptcy (Scotland\u2019s insolvency service).\n\n## Pay the judgment - if you do owe the money\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay the person or business you owe the money to, or their solicitor. The name and address will be on the judgment form. Do not pay the court.\n\nMake sure you can prove you\u2019ve paid. Send a cheque or postal order by post, or make a bank transfer. Do not send cash through the post.\n\nKeep a record of your payments and make sure you pay in time.\n\n## Pay in instalments\n\nIf you\u2019re paying in instalments, ask the person or business you owe the money to about the best way to pay.\n\nYou may want to set up a standing order to pay the money directly from your bank account.\n\nIf you\u2019re late with your payments, you could be taken back to court and you may have to pay extra costs.\n\n## Ask to change the payments\n\nYou can ask to change the terms of the judgment - for example, how and when you pay.\n\nTo do this, fill in the N245 application form.\n\nGive details of your income and spending, and say how much you can realistically afford to pay.\n\nYou may have to pay a court fee.\n\nIf your offer is rejected, the court will decide on the amount you have to pay.\n\n## If you do not pay what the court has ordered\n\nIf you do not pay as ordered, the person or business you owe money to may:\n\n- threaten you with bailiffs to collect the money\n\n- ask the court to take action against you to force you to pay\n\n## If you\u2019re threatened with bailiffs\n\nThe person or business you owe money to may use bailiffs to collect the money.\n\nThey\u2019ll have to apply to the court for a \u2018warrant\u2019, which will give the bailiff the right to visit your home or property. You\u2019ll be given 7 days to pay before they visit.\n\nYou may be able to stop the bailiff from visiting, by filling in the N245 application form.\n\nSay on the form how you\u2019ll repay the money - for example weekly or monthly payments. If your offer is accepted, the warrant will be stopped as long as you keep up with the payments.\n\n## Actions the court can take against you to force you to pay\n\nThe court may decide to:\n\n- order a deduction from your earnings\n\n- freeze money in your bank or building society account\n\n- deduct the money you owe when you sell your property (such as a house, land, stocks or shares)\n\n- order you to come to court to answer questions about things like your earnings or employment status\n\n## If you have other judgments or debts\n\nIf you have another judgment against you, you can arrange to pay all your debts to the court in a single weekly or monthly payment.\n\nThis will stop people taking action against you to get their money - for example by sending bailiffs to your home.\n\nYou can only do this if your total debts are under \u00a35,000.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to fill in the application for an administration order (N92).\n\nContact the court if you cannot keep up with the payments.\n\n## Cancel the judgment\n\nIf you do not owe the money, you can ask the court to cancel the county court judgment (CCJ) or high court judgment. This is known as getting the judgment \u2018set aside\u2019.\n\nYou can also do this if you did not receive, or did not respond to, the original claim from the court saying you owed the money.\n\n## Apply to get the judgment set aside\n\nTo get a judgment set aside, fill in the application notice (N244) and send it to the court.\n\nYou may have to pay a court fee of \u00a3255.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to go to a private hearing at the court to explain why you do not owe the money.\n\nIf you do not go to the hearing, your application will be rejected and you\u2019ll have to pay the amount in the judgment.\n\n## CCJs and your credit rating\n\nIf you get a county court judgment (CCJ) or a high court judgment, it will stay on the Register of Judgments, Orders and Fines for 6 years.\n\nBanks and loan companies use this information to decide whether to give you credit or loans.\n\n## If you pay within one month\n\nIf you pay the full amount within one month, you can get the judgment removed from the register.\n\nWrite to the court to say you\u2019ve paid. You\u2019ll need to send proof of payment from the person or business you owed money to.\n\n## If you pay after one month\n\nIf you pay after one month, you can get the record of the judgment marked as \u2018satisfied\u2019 in the register.\n\nIt will stay on the register for 6 years but people searching the register will see that you\u2019ve paid.\n\nWrite to the court to say you\u2019ve paid. You\u2019ll need to send proof of payment from the person or business you owed money to.\n\n## Getting a certificate of cancellation or satisfaction\n\nIf you want proof from the court that you\u2019ve paid, you can apply for:\n\n- a certificate of cancellation - if you paid within one month\n\n- a certificate of satisfaction - if you paid after one month\n\nApply for the certificate in writing or by sending form N443 to the court that is dealing with your case.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include a cheque for \u00a314 - make it payable to \u2018HMCTS\u2019. \nIf you want to pay by card, contact the court that\u2019s handling your case.\n\n## If you cannot get proof of payment\n\nIf you cannot get proof from the person or business you owed money to, you can still apply for a certificate of cancellation or satisfaction using form N443.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send evidence to the court showing you made the payment, for example a bank statement. If you do not have evidence, explain this on the form.\n\nThe court will write to the person or business you owed money to. If they do not respond within 30 days, the court will use your evidence to make a decision.\n\n## Search the register of judgments\n\nYou can search for details of any judgments against you on the register of judgments.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a small fee - each search costs between \u00a36 and \u00a310.\n\nIf the information on the register is wrong, contact Trust Online, who will check the details with the court:", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may get a county court judgment (CCJ) or high court judgment if someone takes court action against you (saying you owe them money) and you do not respond.

    ", + "

    You must respond to the court claim by the date on the email or letter you receive.

    ", + "

    If you get a judgment, this means that the court has formally decided that you owe the money.

    ", + "

    The judgment will come in the post and will explain:

    ", + "
  • how much you owe
    • ", + "
  • how to pay (in full or in instalments)
    • ", + "
  • the deadline for paying
    • ", + "
  • who to pay
    • ", + "

    Records of judgments are kept for 6 years unless you pay the full amount within a month - this can make it hard to get credit.

    ", + "

    What you can do if you get a judgment

    ", + "

    If you do owe the money, you\u2019ll need to pay it back. If you cannot afford to, you can ask to:

    ", + "
  • change the terms of (\u2018vary\u2019) the judgment
    • ", + "
  • pay it back in instalments
    • ", + "

    Find out what options you have for paying the judgment.

    ", + "

    You can apply for the judgment to be cancelled (or \u2018set aside\u2019) if:

    ", + "
  • you do not owe the money
    • ", + "
  • you did not receive, or did not respond to, the original claim from the court saying you owed the money
    • ", + "

    Find out how to apply for the judgment to be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you get a judgment, do not ignore it - you could be taken back to court and forced to pay.

    ", + "

    Court judgments for debt in Scotland

    ", + "

    The law is different in Scotland - read guidance from the Accountant in Bankruptcy (Scotland\u2019s insolvency service).

    ", + "

    Pay the judgment - if you do owe the money

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay the person or business you owe the money to, or their solicitor. The name and address will be on the judgment form. Do not pay the court.

    ", + "

    Make sure you can prove you\u2019ve paid. Send a cheque or postal order by post, or make a bank transfer. Do not send cash through the post.

    ", + "

    Keep a record of your payments and make sure you pay in time.

    ", + "

    Pay in instalments

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying in instalments, ask the person or business you owe the money to about the best way to pay.

    ", + "

    You may want to set up a standing order to pay the money directly from your bank account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re late with your payments, you could be taken back to court and you may have to pay extra costs.

    ", + "

    Ask to change the payments

    ", + "

    You can ask to change the terms of the judgment - for example, how and when you pay.

    ", + "

    To do this, fill in the N245 application form.

    ", + "

    Give details of your income and spending, and say how much you can realistically afford to pay.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a court fee.

    ", + "

    If your offer is rejected, the court will decide on the amount you have to pay.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay what the court has ordered

    ", + "

    If you do not pay as ordered, the person or business you owe money to may:

    ", + "
  • threaten you with bailiffs to collect the money
    • ", + "
  • ask the court to take action against you to force you to pay
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re threatened with bailiffs

    ", + "

    The person or business you owe money to may use bailiffs to collect the money.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll have to apply to the court for a \u2018warrant\u2019, which will give the bailiff the right to visit your home or property. You\u2019ll be given 7 days to pay before they visit.

    ", + "

    You may be able to stop the bailiff from visiting, by filling in the N245 application form.

    ", + "

    Say on the form how you\u2019ll repay the money - for example weekly or monthly payments. If your offer is accepted, the warrant will be stopped as long as you keep up with the payments.

    ", + "

    Actions the court can take against you to force you to pay

    ", + "

    The court may decide to:

    ", + "
  • order a deduction from your earnings
    • ", + "
  • freeze money in your bank or building society account
    • ", + "
  • deduct the money you owe when you sell your property (such as a house, land, stocks or shares)
    • ", + "
  • order you to come to court to answer questions about things like your earnings or employment status
    • ", + "

    If you have other judgments or debts

    ", + "

    If you have another judgment against you, you can arrange to pay all your debts to the court in a single weekly or monthly payment.

    ", + "

    This will stop people taking action against you to get their money - for example by sending bailiffs to your home.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if your total debts are under \u00a35,000.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to fill in the application for an administration order (N92).

    ", + "

    Contact the court if you cannot keep up with the payments.

    ", + "

    Cancel the judgment

    ", + "

    If you do not owe the money, you can ask the court to cancel the county court judgment (CCJ) or high court judgment. This is known as getting the judgment \u2018set aside\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can also do this if you did not receive, or did not respond to, the original claim from the court saying you owed the money.

    ", + "

    Apply to get the judgment set aside

    ", + "

    To get a judgment set aside, fill in the application notice (N244) and send it to the court.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a court fee of \u00a3255.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to go to a private hearing at the court to explain why you do not owe the money.

    ", + "

    If you do not go to the hearing, your application will be rejected and you\u2019ll have to pay the amount in the judgment.

    ", + "

    CCJs and your credit rating

    ", + "

    If you get a county court judgment (CCJ) or a high court judgment, it will stay on the Register of Judgments, Orders and Fines for 6 years.

    ", + "

    Banks and loan companies use this information to decide whether to give you credit or loans.

    ", + "

    If you pay within one month

    ", + "

    If you pay the full amount within one month, you can get the judgment removed from the register.

    ", + "

    Write to the court to say you\u2019ve paid. You\u2019ll need to send proof of payment from the person or business you owed money to.

    ", + "

    If you pay after one month

    ", + "

    If you pay after one month, you can get the record of the judgment marked as \u2018satisfied\u2019 in the register.

    ", + "

    It will stay on the register for 6 years but people searching the register will see that you\u2019ve paid.

    ", + "

    Write to the court to say you\u2019ve paid. You\u2019ll need to send proof of payment from the person or business you owed money to.

    ", + "

    Getting a certificate of cancellation or satisfaction

    ", + "

    If you want proof from the court that you\u2019ve paid, you can apply for:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of cancellation - if you paid within one month
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of satisfaction - if you paid after one month
    • ", + "

    Apply for the certificate in writing or by sending form N443 to the court that is dealing with your case.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include a cheque for \u00a314 - make it payable to \u2018HMCTS\u2019. \nIf you want to pay by card, contact the court that\u2019s handling your case.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get proof of payment

    ", + "

    If you cannot get proof from the person or business you owed money to, you can still apply for a certificate of cancellation or satisfaction using form N443.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send evidence to the court showing you made the payment, for example a bank statement. If you do not have evidence, explain this on the form.

    ", + "

    The court will write to the person or business you owed money to. If they do not respond within 30 days, the court will use your evidence to make a decision.

    ", + "

    Search the register of judgments

    ", + "

    You can search for details of any judgments against you on the register of judgments.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a small fee - each search costs between \u00a36 and \u00a310.

    ", + "

    If the information on the register is wrong, contact Trust Online, who will check the details with the court:

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/late-commercial-payments-interest-debt-recovery": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/late-commercial-payments-interest-debt-recovery", + "title": "Late commercial payments: charging interest and debt recovery", + "content": "## When a payment becomes late\n\nYou can claim interest and debt recovery costs if another business is late paying for goods or a service.\n\nIf you agree a payment date, it must usually be within 30 days for public authorities or 60 days for business transactions.\n\nYou can agree a longer period than 60 days for business transactions - but it must be fair to both businesses.\n\nIf you do not agree a payment date, the law says the payment is late 30 days after either:\n\n- the customer gets the invoice\n\n- you deliver the goods or provide the service (if this is later)\n\n## Interest on late commercial payments\n\nThe interest you can charge if another business is late paying for goods or a service is \u2018statutory interest\u2019 - this is 8% plus the Bank of England base rate for business to business transactions. You cannot claim statutory interest if there\u2019s a different rate of interest in a contract.\n\nYou cannot use a lower interest rate if you have a contract with public authorities.\n\nCheck the current Bank of England base rate and previous rates.\n\nSend a new invoice if you decide to add interest to the money you\u2019re owed.\n\n## Claim debt recovery costs on late payments\n\nYou can also charge a business a fixed sum for the cost of recovering a late commercial payment on top of claiming interest from it.\n\nThe amount you\u2019re allowed to charge depends on the amount of debt. You can only charge the business once for each payment.\n\n| Amount of debt | What you can charge |\n\n| Up to \u00a3999.99 | \u00a340 |\n\n| \u00a31,000 to \u00a39,999.99 | \u00a370 |\n\n| \u00a310,000 or more | \u00a3100 |\n\nThese amounts are set by late payment legislation.\n\nIf you\u2019re a supplier, you can also claim for reasonable costs each time you try to recover the debt.\n\nRead more on recovering debt.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When a payment becomes late

    ", + "

    You can claim interest and debt recovery costs if another business is late paying for goods or a service.

    ", + "

    If you agree a payment date, it must usually be within 30 days for public authorities or 60 days for business transactions.

    ", + "

    You can agree a longer period than 60 days for business transactions - but it must be fair to both businesses.

    ", + "

    If you do not agree a payment date, the law says the payment is late 30 days after either:

    ", + "
  • the customer gets the invoice
    • ", + "
  • you deliver the goods or provide the service (if this is later)
    • ", + "

    Interest on late commercial payments

    ", + "

    The interest you can charge if another business is late paying for goods or a service is \u2018statutory interest\u2019 - this is 8% plus the Bank of England base rate for business to business transactions. You cannot claim statutory interest if there\u2019s a different rate of interest in a contract.

    ", + "

    You cannot use a lower interest rate if you have a contract with public authorities.

    ", + "

    Check the current Bank of England base rate and previous rates.

    ", + "

    Send a new invoice if you decide to add interest to the money you\u2019re owed.

    ", + "

    Claim debt recovery costs on late payments

    ", + "

    You can also charge a business a fixed sum for the cost of recovering a late commercial payment on top of claiming interest from it.

    ", + "

    The amount you\u2019re allowed to charge depends on the amount of debt. You can only charge the business once for each payment.

    ", + "Amount of debt | What you can charge", + "Up to \u00a3999.99 | \u00a340", + "\u00a31,000 to \u00a39,999.99 | \u00a370", + "\u00a310,000 or more | \u00a3100", + "

    These amounts are set by late payment legislation.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a supplier, you can also claim for reasonable costs each time you try to recover the debt.

    ", + "

    Read more on recovering debt.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/liquidate-your-company": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/liquidate-your-company", + "title": "Liquidate your limited company", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can choose to liquidate your limited company (also called \u2018winding up\u2019 a company).\n\nThe company will stop doing business and employing people. The company will not exist once it\u2019s been removed (\u2018struck off\u2019) from the companies register at Companies House.\n\nWhen you liquidate a company, its assets are used to pay off its debts. Any money left goes to shareholders. You\u2019ll need a validation order to access your company bank account.\n\nIf that money has not been shared between the shareholders by the time the company is removed from the register, it will go to the state.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to restore your company to claim back money after it\u2019s been removed from the register.\n\nThere are 3 types of liquidation:\n\n- creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation - your company cannot pay its debts and you involve your creditors when you liquidate it\n\n- compulsory liquidation - your company cannot pay its debts and you apply to the courts to liquidate it\n\n- members\u2019 voluntary liquidation - your company can pay its debts but you want to close it\n\nYour company may be forced into liquidation if it cannot pay its debts.\n\n## Arrange liquidation with your creditors\n\nA director can propose a company stops trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if:\n\n- the company cannot pay its debts (it\u2019s \u2018insolvent\u2019)\n\n- enough shareholders agree\n\n## Get shareholders\u2019 agreement\n\nYou must call a meeting of shareholders and ask them to vote.\n\n75% (by value of shares) of shareholders must agree to the winding-up to pass a \u2018winding-up resolution\u2019.\n\nOnce the resolution is made there are 3 steps you must follow.\n\n- Appoint an authorised insolvency practitioner as liquidator to take charge of liquidating the company. You can find an insolvency practitioner online.\n\n- Send the resolution to Companies House within 15 days.\n\n- Advertise the resolution in The Gazette within 14 days.\n\nYour responsibilities as a director will change.\n\n## Apply directly to the court\n\nA director can ask a court to order the company to stop trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019).\n\nThis is known as \u2018compulsory liquidation\u2019.\n\nYou need to show the court that:\n\n- the company cannot pay its debts of \u00a3750 or more\n\n- 75% (by value of shares) of shareholders agree that the court can wind up the company\n\nYour company can be based anywhere but must carry out most of its business in England, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFill in a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019 (form Comp 1) and send it to the court with:\n\n- form Comp 2 confirming the details of your petition\n\n- the winding-up resolution from the shareholders\n\nWhere you send the petition depends on how much \u2018paid-up share capital\u2019 your company has. You can find this on the Companies House register.\n\n## Your paid-up share capital is \u00a3120,000 or more\n\nSubmit the petition online. It\u2019ll go to the High Court.\n\n## Your paid-up share capital is under \u00a3120,000\n\nFind your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy.\n\nSubmit the petition online if it\u2019s one of these courts:\n\n- Admiralty and Commercial Court\n\n- Chancery Division\n\n- Companies Court\n\n- High Court (including Bankruptcy Court)\n\n- London Mercantile Court\n\n- Rolls Building\n\nIf it was another court you\u2019ll need to submit the petition by post.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a31,600 to submit the petition\n\n- \u00a3280 for the court hearing\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll get a date for the hearing if the court accepts your petition.\n\nBefore the court hearing, you must:\n\n- give (\u2018serve\u2019) a copy of the petition to your company - fill in a certificate of service to let the court know you\u2019ve done this\n\n- put an advert in The Gazette at least 7 days before the hearing\n\n- send a copy of the advert and the certificate of service to the court\n\n## The court hearing\n\nYou or your solicitor must be at the court hearing. You do not have to give any evidence.\n\nIf the court gives a winding-up order, the court will put an official receiver in charge of the liquidation. They\u2019ll start liquidating your company. A copy of the winding-up order will be sent to your company\u2019s registered office.\n\nYour role as a director will change.\n\n## Liquidate a company you do not want to run anymore\n\nYou may choose members\u2019 voluntary liquidation if your company is \u2018solvent\u2019 (can pay its debts) and one of the following applies:\n\n- you want to retire\n\n- you want to step down from the family business and nobody else wants to run it\n\n- you do not want to run the business any more\n\nTo pass a resolution for members\u2019 voluntary liquidation, you must:\n\n- make a \u2018Declaration of solvency\u2019 - English and Welsh companies\n\n- ask the Accountant in Bankruptcy for form 4.25 (Scot) - Scottish companies\n\nYou\u2019ll need to review the company\u2019s assets and liabilities just before making the declaration.\n\n## Make a declaration of solvency\n\nWrite a statement saying that the directors have assessed the company and believe it can pay its debts, with interest at the official rate. You should also include:\n\n- the name and address of the company\n\n- the names and addresses of the company\u2019s directors\n\n- how long it will take the company to pay its debts - this must be no longer than 12 months from when the company\u2019s liquidated\n\nYou also need to include the statement of the company\u2019s assets and liabilities.\n\n## After you\u2019ve signed the declaration or form\n\nThere are 5 further steps to members\u2019 voluntary liquidation.\n\n- Sign the declaration or form 4.25 (Scot) - it must be signed by the majority of directors in front of a solicitor or \u2018notary public\u2019.\n\n- Call a general meeting with shareholders no more than 5 weeks later and pass a resolution for voluntary winding up.\n\n- At the meeting appoint an authorised insolvency practitioner as a liquidator who will take charge of winding up the company. You can find an insolvency practitioner online.\n\n- Advertise the resolution in The Gazette within 14 days.\n\n- Send your signed declaration to Companies House or form 4.25 (Scot) to the Accountant in Bankruptcy (for Scottish companies) within 15 days of passing the resolution.\n\nWhen the liquidator is appointed they take control of the company. Your responsibilities as a director will change.\n\n## What the liquidator does\n\nThe liquidator is an authorised insolvency practitioner or official receiver who runs the liquidation process.\n\nAs soon as the liquidator is appointed, they\u2019ll take control of the business.\n\nThey will:\n\n- settle any legal disputes or outstanding contracts\n\n- sell off the company\u2019s assets and use any money to pay creditors\n\n- meet deadlines for paperwork and keep authorities informed\n\n- pay liquidation costs and the final VAT bill\n\n- keep creditors informed and involve them in decisions where necessary\n\n- make payments to creditors\n\n- interview the directors and report on what went wrong in the business\n\n- get the company removed from the companies register\n\nIn a creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation, the liquidator acts in the interest of the creditors not the directors.\n\n## What happens to directors\n\nWhen a liquidator is appointed, directors:\n\n- no longer have control of the company or anything it owns\n\n- cannot act for or on behalf of the company\n\nIf you\u2019re a director you must:\n\n- give the liquidator any information about the company they ask for\n\n- hand over the company\u2019s assets, records and paperwork\n\n- allow the liquidator to interview you, if they ask\n\nYou can be banned from being a director for 2 to 15 years or prosecuted if the liquidator decides your conduct was unfit.\n\n## Re-using company names\n\nIf you were a director of a company in compulsory liquidation or creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation, you\u2019ll be banned for 5 years from forming, managing or promoting any business with the same or similar name to your liquidated company. This includes the company\u2019s registered name and any trading names (if it had any).\n\nThe only exceptions to this are where:\n\n- the business is sold by a licensed insolvency practitioner giving the legally required notice\n\n- you get the court\u2019s permission to use the name\n\n- you\u2019re involved with another company that\u2019s been using the same name as the liquidated company for at least a year\n\nRead the guidance on re-using company names.\n\n## Access to your bank account\n\nYour company\u2019s bank account will be frozen when someone files a petition to wind up the company.\n\nYou need a validation order to access it.\n\n## How to apply for a validation order\n\nTell the person who filed the winding-up petition (the respondent) you\u2019re applying for a validation order. You must also tell them what court you\u2019ll apply to (usually the Companies Court) and when you\u2019ll apply.\n\nFill in Form IAA and write a witness statement. Take the form and the statement to the court.\n\nYou need to pay a \u00a3155 fee.\n\n## What happens after you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a hearing on the same day or within the next few days.\n\nAt the hearing, you present your case to a registrar or district judge.\n\nThe respondent will present their case if they object to you getting a validation order.\n\nAt the end of the hearing you\u2019ll either:\n\n- get a decision - you\u2019ll also get a written copy sent to you\n\n- be asked to attend another hearing if the court wants more evidence\n\nYou\u2019ll be given the validation order if your application is successful. You must give your bank a copy of this to access your company\u2019s bank account.\n\nIf you do not agree with the decision you may be able to appeal to the Chancery Division of the High Court.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can choose to liquidate your limited company (also called \u2018winding up\u2019 a company).

    ", + "

    The company will stop doing business and employing people. The company will not exist once it\u2019s been removed (\u2018struck off\u2019) from the companies register at Companies House.

    ", + "

    When you liquidate a company, its assets are used to pay off its debts. Any money left goes to shareholders. You\u2019ll need a validation order to access your company bank account.

    ", + "

    If that money has not been shared between the shareholders by the time the company is removed from the register, it will go to the state.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to restore your company to claim back money after it\u2019s been removed from the register.

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of liquidation:

    ", + "
  • creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation - your company cannot pay its debts and you involve your creditors when you liquidate it
    • ", + "
  • compulsory liquidation - your company cannot pay its debts and you apply to the courts to liquidate it
    • ", + "
  • members\u2019 voluntary liquidation - your company can pay its debts but you want to close it
    • ", + "

    Your company may be forced into liquidation if it cannot pay its debts.

    ", + "

    Arrange liquidation with your creditors

    ", + "

    A director can propose a company stops trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if:

    ", + "
  • the company cannot pay its debts (it\u2019s \u2018insolvent\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • enough shareholders agree
    • ", + "

    Get shareholders\u2019 agreement

    ", + "

    You must call a meeting of shareholders and ask them to vote.

    ", + "

    75% (by value of shares) of shareholders must agree to the winding-up to pass a \u2018winding-up resolution\u2019.

    ", + "

    Once the resolution is made there are 3 steps you must follow.

    ", + "
  • Appoint an authorised insolvency practitioner as liquidator to take charge of liquidating the company. You can find an insolvency practitioner online.
    • ", + "
  • Send the resolution to Companies House within 15 days.
    • ", + "
  • Advertise the resolution in The Gazette within 14 days.
    • ", + "

    Your responsibilities as a director will change.

    ", + "

    Apply directly to the court

    ", + "

    A director can ask a court to order the company to stop trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019).

    ", + "

    This is known as \u2018compulsory liquidation\u2019.

    ", + "

    You need to show the court that:

    ", + "
  • the company cannot pay its debts of \u00a3750 or more
    • ", + "
  • 75% (by value of shares) of shareholders agree that the court can wind up the company
    • ", + "

    Your company can be based anywhere but must carry out most of its business in England, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Fill in a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019 (form Comp 1) and send it to the court with:

    ", + "
  • form Comp 2 confirming the details of your petition
    • ", + "
  • the winding-up resolution from the shareholders
    • ", + "

    Where you send the petition depends on how much \u2018paid-up share capital\u2019 your company has. You can find this on the Companies House register.

    ", + "

    Your paid-up share capital is \u00a3120,000 or more

    ", + "

    Submit the petition online. It\u2019ll go to the High Court.

    ", + "

    Your paid-up share capital is under \u00a3120,000

    ", + "

    Find your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    Submit the petition online if it\u2019s one of these courts:

    ", + "
  • Admiralty and Commercial Court
    • ", + "
  • Chancery Division
    • ", + "
  • Companies Court
    • ", + "
  • High Court (including Bankruptcy Court)
    • ", + "
  • London Mercantile Court
    • ", + "
  • Rolls Building
    • ", + "

    If it was another court you\u2019ll need to submit the petition by post.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,600 to submit the petition
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3280 for the court hearing
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a date for the hearing if the court accepts your petition.

    ", + "

    Before the court hearing, you must:

    ", + "
  • give (\u2018serve\u2019) a copy of the petition to your company - fill in a certificate of service to let the court know you\u2019ve done this
    • ", + "
  • put an advert in The Gazette at least 7 days before the hearing
    • ", + "
  • send a copy of the advert and the certificate of service to the court
    • ", + "

    The court hearing

    ", + "

    You or your solicitor must be at the court hearing. You do not have to give any evidence.

    ", + "

    If the court gives a winding-up order, the court will put an official receiver in charge of the liquidation. They\u2019ll start liquidating your company. A copy of the winding-up order will be sent to your company\u2019s registered office.

    ", + "

    Your role as a director will change.

    ", + "

    Liquidate a company you do not want to run anymore

    ", + "

    You may choose members\u2019 voluntary liquidation if your company is \u2018solvent\u2019 (can pay its debts) and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you want to retire
    • ", + "
  • you want to step down from the family business and nobody else wants to run it
    • ", + "
  • you do not want to run the business any more
    • ", + "

    To pass a resolution for members\u2019 voluntary liquidation, you must:

    ", + "
  • make a \u2018Declaration of solvency\u2019 - English and Welsh companies
    • ", + "
  • ask the Accountant in Bankruptcy for form 4.25 (Scot) - Scottish companies
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to review the company\u2019s assets and liabilities just before making the declaration.

    ", + "

    Make a declaration of solvency

    ", + "

    Write a statement saying that the directors have assessed the company and believe it can pay its debts, with interest at the official rate. You should also include:

    ", + "
  • the name and address of the company
    • ", + "
  • the names and addresses of the company\u2019s directors
    • ", + "
  • how long it will take the company to pay its debts - this must be no longer than 12 months from when the company\u2019s liquidated
    • ", + "

    You also need to include the statement of the company\u2019s assets and liabilities.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve signed the declaration or form

    ", + "

    There are 5 further steps to members\u2019 voluntary liquidation.

    ", + "
  • Sign the declaration or form 4.25 (Scot) - it must be signed by the majority of directors in front of a solicitor or \u2018notary public\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Call a general meeting with shareholders no more than 5 weeks later and pass a resolution for voluntary winding up.
    • ", + "
  • At the meeting appoint an authorised insolvency practitioner as a liquidator who will take charge of winding up the company. You can find an insolvency practitioner online.
    • ", + "
  • Advertise the resolution in The Gazette within 14 days.
    • ", + "
  • Send your signed declaration to Companies House or form 4.25 (Scot) to the Accountant in Bankruptcy (for Scottish companies) within 15 days of passing the resolution.
    • ", + "

    When the liquidator is appointed they take control of the company. Your responsibilities as a director will change.

    ", + "

    What the liquidator does

    ", + "

    The liquidator is an authorised insolvency practitioner or official receiver who runs the liquidation process.

    ", + "

    As soon as the liquidator is appointed, they\u2019ll take control of the business.

    ", + "

    They will:

    ", + "
  • settle any legal disputes or outstanding contracts
    • ", + "
  • sell off the company\u2019s assets and use any money to pay creditors
    • ", + "
  • meet deadlines for paperwork and keep authorities informed
    • ", + "
  • pay liquidation costs and the final VAT bill
    • ", + "
  • keep creditors informed and involve them in decisions where necessary
    • ", + "
  • make payments to creditors
    • ", + "
  • interview the directors and report on what went wrong in the business
    • ", + "
  • get the company removed from the companies register
    • ", + "

    In a creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation, the liquidator acts in the interest of the creditors not the directors.

    ", + "

    What happens to directors

    ", + "

    When a liquidator is appointed, directors:

    ", + "
  • no longer have control of the company or anything it owns
    • ", + "
  • cannot act for or on behalf of the company
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a director you must:

    ", + "
  • give the liquidator any information about the company they ask for
    • ", + "
  • hand over the company\u2019s assets, records and paperwork
    • ", + "
  • allow the liquidator to interview you, if they ask
    • ", + "

    You can be banned from being a director for 2 to 15 years or prosecuted if the liquidator decides your conduct was unfit.

    ", + "

    Re-using company names

    ", + "

    If you were a director of a company in compulsory liquidation or creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation, you\u2019ll be banned for 5 years from forming, managing or promoting any business with the same or similar name to your liquidated company. This includes the company\u2019s registered name and any trading names (if it had any).

    ", + "

    The only exceptions to this are where:

    ", + "
  • the business is sold by a licensed insolvency practitioner giving the legally required notice
    • ", + "
  • you get the court\u2019s permission to use the name
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re involved with another company that\u2019s been using the same name as the liquidated company for at least a year
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on re-using company names.

    ", + "

    Access to your bank account

    ", + "

    Your company\u2019s bank account will be frozen when someone files a petition to wind up the company.

    ", + "

    You need a validation order to access it.

    ", + "

    How to apply for a validation order

    ", + "

    Tell the person who filed the winding-up petition (the respondent) you\u2019re applying for a validation order. You must also tell them what court you\u2019ll apply to (usually the Companies Court) and when you\u2019ll apply.

    ", + "

    Fill in Form IAA and write a witness statement. Take the form and the statement to the court.

    ", + "

    You need to pay a \u00a3155 fee.

    ", + "

    What happens after you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a hearing on the same day or within the next few days.

    ", + "

    At the hearing, you present your case to a registrar or district judge.

    ", + "

    The respondent will present their case if they object to you getting a validation order.

    ", + "

    At the end of the hearing you\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • get a decision - you\u2019ll also get a written copy sent to you
    • ", + "
  • be asked to attend another hearing if the court wants more evidence
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given the validation order if your application is successful. You must give your bank a copy of this to access your company\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    If you do not agree with the decision you may be able to appeal to the Chancery Division of the High Court.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/make-court-claim-for-money": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-court-claim-for-money", + "title": "Make a court claim for money", + "content": "## How to make a claim\n\nYou can apply to a county court to claim money you\u2019re owed by a person or business.\n\nThis is known as making a court claim. It often used to be known as taking someone to a \u2018small claims court\u2019.\n\nA mediation service could be quicker and cheaper than going to court. Mediation is when an impartial person helps both sides work out an agreement.\n\nThe process is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nMake your claim online if you\u2019re claiming for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount of money.\n\nDownload and fill in a paper claim form N1 if you\u2019re claiming for an unspecified amount of money.\n\nYou can also use the paper claim form to claim for a fixed amount.\n\nSend the paper form to the County Court Money Claims Centre.\n\nYou must pay a court fee when you make a claim.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou might have to go to a court hearing if the other person or business (the \u2018defendant\u2019) denies owing the money and you disagree with their response.\n\nYou can get the court to order them to pay if they:\n\n- do not respond to your claim\n\n- admit they owe you but do not pay\n\nIf they still do not pay, you can ask the court to take further steps to collect the money - for example, by using bailiffs.\n\n## Court fees\n\nYou must pay a court fee when you make your claim.\n\n## If you know the claim amount\n\nThe court fee is based on the amount you\u2019re claiming, plus interest.\n\n| Claim amount | Fees |\n\n| Up to \u00a3300 | \u00a335 |\n\n| \u00a3300.01 to \u00a3500 | \u00a350 |\n\n| \u00a3500.01 to \u00a31,000 | \u00a370 |\n\n| \u00a31,000.01 to \u00a31,500 | \u00a380 |\n\n| \u00a31,500.01 to \u00a33,000 | \u00a3115 |\n\n| \u00a33,000.01 to \u00a35,000 | \u00a3205 |\n\n| \u00a35,000.01 to \u00a310,000 | \u00a3455 |\n\n| \u00a310,000.01 to \u00a3200,000 | 5% of the claim |\n\n| More than \u00a3200,000 | \u00a310,000 |\n\nTo calculate 5% of the value of the claim, take the amount you\u2019re claiming and multiply it by 0.05. If necessary, round down the result to the nearest 1p.\n\nThe fee will be calculated for you if you make your claim online.\n\n## If you do not know the claim amount\n\nUse the paper claim form if you do not know the exact amount - you cannot make a claim online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to estimate the amount you\u2019re claiming and pay the fee for that amount.\n\nFor example, if you estimate you\u2019re claiming between \u00a33,000.01 and \u00a35,000, you\u2019d have to pay \u00a3205.\n\nIf you leave the \u2018amount claimed\u2019 blank, the fee is \u00a310,000.\n\n## Pay the court fee\n\nPay by credit or debit card if you\u2019re making a claim online.\n\nIf you use the paper claim form, pay by credit or debit card by sending a letter with your form asking to pay by card. Include your telephone number and a suitable time for the court to call you and take the payment.\n\nYou can also pay by postal order or cheque (payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019) if you use the paper claim form.\n\nYou may have to pay more fees later on - for example, if there\u2019s a court hearing or you need to get a judgment enforced.\n\nYou may be able to claim the fees back if you win the case.\n\nFind out more about court fees.\n\n## Claim the interest\n\nYou can claim interest on the money you\u2019re owed.\n\nThe interest will be calculated for you if you claim for an unspecified amount.\n\nYou need to work out the interest yourself if you\u2019re claiming for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount of money.\n\n## Work out the interest\n\nIf you\u2019re owed money by another business, you can charge interest on a late commercial payment.\n\nFor other types of debt, the rate is usually 8%.\n\nTo calculate this, use the steps below.\n\n- Work out the yearly interest: take the amount you\u2019re claiming and multiply it by 0.08 (which is 8%).\n\n- Work out the daily interest: divide your yearly interest from step 1 by 365 (the number of days in a year).\n\n- Work out the total amount of interest: multiply the daily interest from step 2 by the number of days the debt has been overdue.\n\n## After you make your claim\n\nThe person or business who owes you money (the \u2018defendant\u2019) must respond to your claim. You\u2019ll be sent a letter or email telling you the date they need to respond by.\n\n## What to do if you get paid\n\nTell the defendant when you\u2019ve received their payment.\n\nHow you do this depends on how you made the claim.\n\n## If you used a paper claim form\n\nContact the court where you sent your claim.\n\n## If you claimed online\n\nYou can either:\n\n- update your claim in the Money Claim Online service\n\n- call or email - the contact details you use depends on how much money you\u2019re claiming.\n\nIf your claim is less than \u00a310,000, contact Civil Money Claims.\n\nIf your claim is between \u00a310,000 and \u00a3100,000, contact Money Claim Online.\n\n## If you do not get a response\n\nYou can ask the court to order the defendant to pay if they do not respond to your claim.\n\nYou need to:\n\n- request a judgment if you made your claim online\n\n- use request for judgment form N225 if you claimed a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount using a claim form\n\n- use request for judgment form N227 if you claimed an unspecified amount using a claim form\n\n## If you disagree with the response\n\nYou might have to go to a court hearing if:\n\n- the defendant says they do not owe you any money\n\n- they disagree with the amount you\u2019ve claimed\n\n- you do not agree with how they\u2019ve offered to repay you\n\nThe court may send you a questionnaire asking for more information on the case.\n\nIf your claim is under \u00a310,000, you\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019d like to use the court\u2019s small claims mediation service to reach an agreement with the defendant.\n\nFill in the questionnaire and return it to the court. You\u2019ll have to pay an extra court fee.\n\nThe judge might not award you costs if they think you\u2019ve made no effort to agree out of court.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nDo not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\nIf there\u2019s a hearing, you can:\n\n- represent yourself\n\n- pay for a barrister or solicitor to represent you\n\n- ask someone to advise you in court - they do not have to be a lawyer\n\n- ask someone to speak on your behalf - you might need to get the court\u2019s permission\n\nYour hearing can be held in the judge\u2019s room or a courtroom in a county court if your claim is for less than \u00a310,000. There might be a more formal hearing if you\u2019re claiming for more.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision on the day of the hearing. The court will also send you a copy of the decision by post.\n\nIf you win your case, the court will order the person or business who owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) to pay you. There are ways the court can collect your payment if they ignore the court order.\n\n## Appeal the decision\n\nYou can appeal the decision if you think the judge made a mistake during the hearing. You must do this within 21 days of getting the decision.\n\nFind out which court or tribunal to appeal to.\n\nContact Citizens Advice to get advice on appealing.\n\n## Enforce a judgment\n\nYou can ask the court to collect payment from the person or business who owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) if they do not pay you after receiving the court order.\n\nYou must pay a court fee when you ask the court to collect the payment.\n\n## Find out what the debtor can afford to pay\n\nAsk the court to order the debtor to attend court to provide evidence of their income or spending, for example bills and statements.\n\nIf the money is owed by a business, you can ask for an officer from the company to attend court and give details of its accounts.\n\nYou can then decide if you want the court to take further action to collect your payment.\n\n## Send bailiffs to collect payment\n\nYou can ask the court to send bailiffs to collect the money.\n\nThe bailiff will ask for payment within 7 days. If the debt is not paid, the bailiff will visit the debtor\u2019s home or business to see if anything can be sold to pay the debt.\n\nYou can apply to either a county court or the High Court if you\u2019re owed between \u00a3600 and \u00a35,000.\n\nYou may need legal advice if you apply at the High Court.\n\nHow you apply to the court depends on how you made your claim.\n\n## You claimed online\n\nIf your reference number has \u2018MC\u2019 in it, download and fill in either:\n\n- form N323 - to apply at a county court (you must be owed \u00a35,000 or less)\n\n- form N293A - to apply at the High Court (you must be owed at least \u00a3600)\n\nOtherwise, enforce a judgment using Money Claim Online.\n\n## You used a paper claim form\n\nDownload and fill in either:\n\n- form N323 - to apply at a county court (you must be owed \u00a35,000 or less)\n\n- form N293A - to apply at the High Court (you must be owed at least \u00a3600)\n\n## Get money deducted from wages\n\nYou can ask the court to take money from the debtor\u2019s wages to pay the debt. They do this by sending an order to the debtor\u2019s employer.\n\nDownload and fill in a request for an attachment of earnings order form N337.\n\n## Freeze assets or money in an account\n\nThe court can freeze money in the debtor\u2019s bank, building society or business account.\n\nDownload and fill in a request for a third party debt order form N349.\n\nThe court will decide if money from the account can be used to pay the debt.\n\n## Charge the debtor\u2019s land or property\n\nYou can ask the court to charge the debtor\u2019s land or property.\n\nDownload and fill in a request for a charging order form N379.\n\nIf the land or property is sold, the debtor must pay this charge before they get their money.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How to make a claim

    ", + "

    You can apply to a county court to claim money you\u2019re owed by a person or business.

    ", + "

    This is known as making a court claim. It often used to be known as taking someone to a \u2018small claims court\u2019.

    ", + "

    A mediation service could be quicker and cheaper than going to court. Mediation is when an impartial person helps both sides work out an agreement.

    ", + "

    The process is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    Make your claim online if you\u2019re claiming for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount of money.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a paper claim form N1 if you\u2019re claiming for an unspecified amount of money.

    ", + "

    You can also use the paper claim form to claim for a fixed amount.

    ", + "

    Send the paper form to the County Court Money Claims Centre.

    ", + "

    You must pay a court fee when you make a claim.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You might have to go to a court hearing if the other person or business (the \u2018defendant\u2019) denies owing the money and you disagree with their response.

    ", + "

    You can get the court to order them to pay if they:

    ", + "
  • do not respond to your claim
    • ", + "
  • admit they owe you but do not pay
    • ", + "

    If they still do not pay, you can ask the court to take further steps to collect the money - for example, by using bailiffs.

    ", + "

    Court fees

    ", + "

    You must pay a court fee when you make your claim.

    ", + "

    If you know the claim amount

    ", + "

    The court fee is based on the amount you\u2019re claiming, plus interest.

    ", + "Claim amount | Fees", + "Up to \u00a3300 | \u00a335", + "\u00a3300.01 to \u00a3500 | \u00a350", + "\u00a3500.01 to \u00a31,000 | \u00a370", + "\u00a31,000.01 to \u00a31,500 | \u00a380", + "\u00a31,500.01 to \u00a33,000 | \u00a3115", + "\u00a33,000.01 to \u00a35,000 | \u00a3205", + "\u00a35,000.01 to \u00a310,000 | \u00a3455", + "\u00a310,000.01 to \u00a3200,000 | 5% of the claim", + "More than \u00a3200,000 | \u00a310,000", + "

    To calculate 5% of the value of the claim, take the amount you\u2019re claiming and multiply it by 0.05. If necessary, round down the result to the nearest 1p.

    ", + "

    The fee will be calculated for you if you make your claim online.

    ", + "

    If you do not know the claim amount

    ", + "

    Use the paper claim form if you do not know the exact amount - you cannot make a claim online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to estimate the amount you\u2019re claiming and pay the fee for that amount.

    ", + "

    For example, if you estimate you\u2019re claiming between \u00a33,000.01 and \u00a35,000, you\u2019d have to pay \u00a3205.

    ", + "

    If you leave the \u2018amount claimed\u2019 blank, the fee is \u00a310,000.

    ", + "

    Pay the court fee

    ", + "

    Pay by credit or debit card if you\u2019re making a claim online.

    ", + "

    If you use the paper claim form, pay by credit or debit card by sending a letter with your form asking to pay by card. Include your telephone number and a suitable time for the court to call you and take the payment.

    ", + "

    You can also pay by postal order or cheque (payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019) if you use the paper claim form.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay more fees later on - for example, if there\u2019s a court hearing or you need to get a judgment enforced.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim the fees back if you win the case.

    ", + "

    Find out more about court fees.

    ", + "

    Claim the interest

    ", + "

    You can claim interest on the money you\u2019re owed.

    ", + "

    The interest will be calculated for you if you claim for an unspecified amount.

    ", + "

    You need to work out the interest yourself if you\u2019re claiming for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount of money.

    ", + "

    Work out the interest

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re owed money by another business, you can charge interest on a late commercial payment.

    ", + "

    For other types of debt, the rate is usually 8%.

    ", + "

    To calculate this, use the steps below.

    ", + "
  • Work out the yearly interest: take the amount you\u2019re claiming and multiply it by 0.08 (which is 8%).
    • ", + "
  • Work out the daily interest: divide your yearly interest from step 1 by 365 (the number of days in a year).
    • ", + "
  • Work out the total amount of interest: multiply the daily interest from step 2 by the number of days the debt has been overdue.
    • ", + "

    After you make your claim

    ", + "

    The person or business who owes you money (the \u2018defendant\u2019) must respond to your claim. You\u2019ll be sent a letter or email telling you the date they need to respond by.

    ", + "

    What to do if you get paid

    ", + "

    Tell the defendant when you\u2019ve received their payment.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on how you made the claim.

    ", + "

    If you used a paper claim form

    ", + "

    Contact the court where you sent your claim.

    ", + "

    If you claimed online

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • update your claim in the Money Claim Online service
    • ", + "
  • call or email - the contact details you use depends on how much money you\u2019re claiming.
    • ", + "

    If your claim is less than \u00a310,000, contact Civil Money Claims.

    ", + "

    If your claim is between \u00a310,000 and \u00a3100,000, contact Money Claim Online.

    ", + "

    If you do not get a response

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to order the defendant to pay if they do not respond to your claim.

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • request a judgment if you made your claim online
    • ", + "
  • use request for judgment form N225 if you claimed a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount using a claim form
    • ", + "
  • use request for judgment form N227 if you claimed an unspecified amount using a claim form
    • ", + "

    If you disagree with the response

    ", + "

    You might have to go to a court hearing if:

    ", + "
  • the defendant says they do not owe you any money
    • ", + "
  • they disagree with the amount you\u2019ve claimed
    • ", + "
  • you do not agree with how they\u2019ve offered to repay you
    • ", + "

    The court may send you a questionnaire asking for more information on the case.

    ", + "

    If your claim is under \u00a310,000, you\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019d like to use the court\u2019s small claims mediation service to reach an agreement with the defendant.

    ", + "

    Fill in the questionnaire and return it to the court. You\u2019ll have to pay an extra court fee.

    ", + "

    The judge might not award you costs if they think you\u2019ve made no effort to agree out of court.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    Do not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a hearing, you can:

    ", + "
  • represent yourself
    • ", + "
  • pay for a barrister or solicitor to represent you
    • ", + "
  • ask someone to advise you in court - they do not have to be a lawyer
    • ", + "
  • ask someone to speak on your behalf - you might need to get the court\u2019s permission
    • ", + "

    Your hearing can be held in the judge\u2019s room or a courtroom in a county court if your claim is for less than \u00a310,000. There might be a more formal hearing if you\u2019re claiming for more.

    ", + "

    After the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision on the day of the hearing. The court will also send you a copy of the decision by post.

    ", + "

    If you win your case, the court will order the person or business who owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) to pay you. There are ways the court can collect your payment if they ignore the court order.

    ", + "

    Appeal the decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal the decision if you think the judge made a mistake during the hearing. You must do this within 21 days of getting the decision.

    ", + "

    Find out which court or tribunal to appeal to.

    ", + "

    Contact Citizens Advice to get advice on appealing.

    ", + "

    Enforce a judgment

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to collect payment from the person or business who owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) if they do not pay you after receiving the court order.

    ", + "

    You must pay a court fee when you ask the court to collect the payment.

    ", + "

    Find out what the debtor can afford to pay

    ", + "

    Ask the court to order the debtor to attend court to provide evidence of their income or spending, for example bills and statements.

    ", + "

    If the money is owed by a business, you can ask for an officer from the company to attend court and give details of its accounts.

    ", + "

    You can then decide if you want the court to take further action to collect your payment.

    ", + "

    Send bailiffs to collect payment

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to send bailiffs to collect the money.

    ", + "

    The bailiff will ask for payment within 7 days. If the debt is not paid, the bailiff will visit the debtor\u2019s home or business to see if anything can be sold to pay the debt.

    ", + "

    You can apply to either a county court or the High Court if you\u2019re owed between \u00a3600 and \u00a35,000.

    ", + "

    You may need legal advice if you apply at the High Court.

    ", + "

    How you apply to the court depends on how you made your claim.

    ", + "

    You claimed online

    ", + "

    If your reference number has \u2018MC\u2019 in it, download and fill in either:

    ", + "
  • form N323 - to apply at a county court (you must be owed \u00a35,000 or less)
    • ", + "
  • form N293A - to apply at the High Court (you must be owed at least \u00a3600)
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, enforce a judgment using Money Claim Online.

    ", + "

    You used a paper claim form

    ", + "

    Download and fill in either:

    ", + "
  • form N323 - to apply at a county court (you must be owed \u00a35,000 or less)
    • ", + "
  • form N293A - to apply at the High Court (you must be owed at least \u00a3600)
    • ", + "

    Get money deducted from wages

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to take money from the debtor\u2019s wages to pay the debt. They do this by sending an order to the debtor\u2019s employer.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a request for an attachment of earnings order form N337.

    ", + "

    Freeze assets or money in an account

    ", + "

    The court can freeze money in the debtor\u2019s bank, building society or business account.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a request for a third party debt order form N349.

    ", + "

    The court will decide if money from the account can be used to pay the debt.

    ", + "

    Charge the debtor\u2019s land or property

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to charge the debtor\u2019s land or property.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a request for a charging order form N379.

    ", + "

    If the land or property is sold, the debtor must pay this charge before they get their money.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/respond-to-court-claim-for-money": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/respond-to-court-claim-for-money", + "title": "Respond to a court claim for money", + "content": "## How to respond\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or email if someone claims you owe them money. You must respond by the date on the email or letter you receive.\n\nYou can respond by:\n\n- paying the full amount\n\n- paying only what you think you owe\n\n- defending the claim (if you do not think you owe any money or you\u2019ve already paid)\n\nYou might have to pay more or get a county court judgment (CCJ) if you do not respond in time.\n\n## If you need more time to respond\n\nYou can ask for another 14 days to respond if you\u2019re defending the claim or paying only what you think you owe.\n\nDownload and fill in the acknowledgement of service form in the response pack.\n\nSend it to the court address on the claim form.\n\nThe process is different in Scotland.\n\n## Pay the full amount\n\nSend a cheque or postal order made payable to the person or business you owe money to (the \u2018claimant\u2019). Their name and address will be on the claim form.\n\nYou can also pay the claimant in person.\n\nKeep proof (for example, your bank records or a receipt from the claimant) to show you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## If you cannot afford to pay the full amount at once\n\nYou can offer to pay in instalments or by a certain date.\n\nDownload and fill in either:\n\n- form N9A if the claim is for a specified amount\n\n- form N9C if the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nYou must say how you want to pay (a certain amount per month for example) and send the completed form to the address on the claim form.\n\nIf the claimant does not accept your offer, the court will decide how you pay.\n\nYou can be taken to court and you may have to pay extra costs if you do not keep up the payments.\n\n## If the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nDownload and fill in admission form N9A. Either:\n\n- ask the court to decide how much you owe\n\n- offer to pay a certain amount\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing if you ask the court to decide or the claimant rejects your offer.\n\nThe court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already paid\n\nYou must defend the claim if you\u2019ve already paid the claimant.\n\nYou might still have to pay court fees if you paid the claimant after they made the claim.\n\n## Pay some of the money\n\nIf you do not agree with the amount on the claim form, you can apply to the court to pay only what you think you owe.\n\nYou must send the court both:\n\n- an admission form to say how much you\u2019ll pay\n\n- a defence form to explain why you do not owe the full amount\n\nRespond online if the claim was made using Money Claim Online.\n\nOtherwise, which forms you fill in will depend on whether the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) or an unspecified amount.\n\n## The claim is for a specified amount\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- admission form N9A\n\n- defence form N9B\n\n## The claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- admission form N9C\n\n- defence form N9D\n\n## If your offer is rejected\n\nThe court will decide how much you owe.\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## Defend the claim\n\nYou can defend the claim if either:\n\n- you do not think you owe the other person or business any money\n\n- you\u2019ve already paid them\n\nYou can also make a claim against them (\u2018counterclaim\u2019) if you think they owe you money. You might have to pay a court fee.\n\nDownload and fill in either:\n\n- form N9B if the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount\n\n- form N9D if the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nYou can respond online if the claim was made using an online service.\n\nThe court will decide whether you owe any money, and how much.\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## Going to a court hearing\n\nIf there\u2019s a hearing, you can:\n\n- represent yourself\n\n- pay for a barrister or solicitor to represent you\n\n- ask someone to advise you in court - they do not have to be a lawyer\n\n- ask someone to speak on your behalf - you might need to get the court\u2019s permission\n\nYour hearing can be held in the judge\u2019s room or a courtroom in a county court if the claim is for less than \u00a310,000. There might be a more formal hearing if the claim is for more.\n\nDo not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision on the day of the hearing. The court will also send you a copy of the decision by post.\n\n## Appeal the decision\n\nYou can ask to appeal the decision if you think the judge made a mistake during the hearing. You must ask within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\nFind out which court or tribunal to appeal to.\n\nContact Citizens Advice to get advice on appealing.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How to respond

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or email if someone claims you owe them money. You must respond by the date on the email or letter you receive.

    ", + "

    You can respond by:

    ", + "
  • paying the full amount
    • ", + "
  • paying only what you think you owe
    • ", + "
  • defending the claim (if you do not think you owe any money or you\u2019ve already paid)
    • ", + "

    You might have to pay more or get a county court judgment (CCJ) if you do not respond in time.

    ", + "

    If you need more time to respond

    ", + "

    You can ask for another 14 days to respond if you\u2019re defending the claim or paying only what you think you owe.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the acknowledgement of service form in the response pack.

    ", + "

    Send it to the court address on the claim form.

    ", + "

    The process is different in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Pay the full amount

    ", + "

    Send a cheque or postal order made payable to the person or business you owe money to (the \u2018claimant\u2019). Their name and address will be on the claim form.

    ", + "

    You can also pay the claimant in person.

    ", + "

    Keep proof (for example, your bank records or a receipt from the claimant) to show you\u2019ve paid.

    ", + "

    If you cannot afford to pay the full amount at once

    ", + "

    You can offer to pay in instalments or by a certain date.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in either:

    ", + "
  • form N9A if the claim is for a specified amount
    • ", + "
  • form N9C if the claim is for an unspecified amount
    • ", + "

    You must say how you want to pay (a certain amount per month for example) and send the completed form to the address on the claim form.

    ", + "

    If the claimant does not accept your offer, the court will decide how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can be taken to court and you may have to pay extra costs if you do not keep up the payments.

    ", + "

    If the claim is for an unspecified amount

    ", + "

    Download and fill in admission form N9A. Either:

    ", + "
  • ask the court to decide how much you owe
    • ", + "
  • offer to pay a certain amount
    • ", + "

    You might have to give more information at a hearing if you ask the court to decide or the claimant rejects your offer.

    ", + "

    The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already paid

    ", + "

    You must defend the claim if you\u2019ve already paid the claimant.

    ", + "

    You might still have to pay court fees if you paid the claimant after they made the claim.

    ", + "

    Pay some of the money

    ", + "

    If you do not agree with the amount on the claim form, you can apply to the court to pay only what you think you owe.

    ", + "

    You must send the court both:

    ", + "
  • an admission form to say how much you\u2019ll pay
    • ", + "
  • a defence form to explain why you do not owe the full amount
    • ", + "

    Respond online if the claim was made using Money Claim Online.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, which forms you fill in will depend on whether the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) or an unspecified amount.

    ", + "

    The claim is for a specified amount

    ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • admission form N9A
    • ", + "
  • defence form N9B
    • ", + "

    The claim is for an unspecified amount

    ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • admission form N9C
    • ", + "
  • defence form N9D
    • ", + "

    If your offer is rejected

    ", + "

    The court will decide how much you owe.

    ", + "

    You might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    Defend the claim

    ", + "

    You can defend the claim if either:

    ", + "
  • you do not think you owe the other person or business any money
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve already paid them
    • ", + "

    You can also make a claim against them (\u2018counterclaim\u2019) if you think they owe you money. You might have to pay a court fee.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in either:

    ", + "
  • form N9B if the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount
    • ", + "
  • form N9D if the claim is for an unspecified amount
    • ", + "

    You can respond online if the claim was made using an online service.

    ", + "

    The court will decide whether you owe any money, and how much.

    ", + "

    You might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    Going to a court hearing

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a hearing, you can:

    ", + "
  • represent yourself
    • ", + "
  • pay for a barrister or solicitor to represent you
    • ", + "
  • ask someone to advise you in court - they do not have to be a lawyer
    • ", + "
  • ask someone to speak on your behalf - you might need to get the court\u2019s permission
    • ", + "

    Your hearing can be held in the judge\u2019s room or a courtroom in a county court if the claim is for less than \u00a310,000. There might be a more formal hearing if the claim is for more.

    ", + "

    Do not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.

    ", + "

    After the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision on the day of the hearing. The court will also send you a copy of the decision by post.

    ", + "

    Appeal the decision

    ", + "

    You can ask to appeal the decision if you think the judge made a mistake during the hearing. You must ask within 21 days of the date the decision was made.

    ", + "

    Find out which court or tribunal to appeal to.

    ", + "

    Contact Citizens Advice to get advice on appealing.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/wind-up-a-company-that-owes-you-money": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/wind-up-a-company-that-owes-you-money", + "title": "Wind up a company that owes you money", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the court to close or \u2018wind up\u2019 a company if it cannot pay its debts. This is also known as compulsory liquidation.\n\nTo wind up a company you must:\n\n- be owed \u00a3750 or more\n\n- be able to prove that the company cannot pay you\n\nYou need to fill in forms and send them to the right court to apply to wind up a company.\n\nYour application to the court is known as a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019. If you\u2019re successful:\n\n- the company assets are sold\n\n- any legal disputes are settled\n\n- the company collects money it\u2019s owed\n\n- funds are paid to you and any other creditors\n\nYou might not get all or any of the money you\u2019re owed.\n\nThere are also other ways to recover money that you\u2019re owed. You can get a debt specialist (like a solicitor) to help you recover debt.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe fees are:\n\n- \u00a3280 - court fees\n\n- \u00a31,600 - petition deposit (to manage the \u2018winding-up\u2019)\n\nYou might be able to get the fees back if the company can afford to repay them.\n\n## Scottish companies\n\nThere are different rules on winding up a company in Scotland.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must send the right form to the court before they can deal with your petition. You might want to get legal help to make sure you submit your petition correctly.\n\n## Forms\n\nFill in form Comp 1 and make 3 copies.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- make sure the company\u2019s details are correct\n\n- state if any European Community regulations apply (this applies if the company is registered in or does business in England and Wales)\n\n- ask the court to restore the company (if it\u2019s been dissolved) before winding up the company\n\nYou need to provide evidence the company owes you money, for example:\n\n- a statutory demand - include the amount and date the demand was served\n\n- a court judgment - include the amount awarded (and your costs and interest), the date of the judgment, the court name and case number\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to fill in form Comp 2 confirming the details of your petition.\n\n## Where to send the petition\n\nWhere you send the petition depends on how much \u2018paid-up share capital\u2019 the company has - you can find this on the Companies House register.\n\n## Paid-up share capital is \u00a3120,000 or more\n\nSubmit the petition online. It\u2019ll go to the High Court.\n\nYou pay the court fees online, but not the petition deposit. You\u2019ll get an email after you apply, telling you how to pay the deposit.\n\n## Paid-up share capital is under \u00a3120,000\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find the court nearest to the company\u2019s registered office - the court must deal with bankruptcy.\n\nSubmit the petition online if it\u2019s one of these courts:\n\n- Admiralty and Commercial Court\n\n- Chancery Division\n\n- Companies Court\n\n- High Court (including Bankruptcy Court)\n\n- London Mercantile Court\n\n- Rolls Building\n\nYou pay the court fees online, but not the petition deposit. You\u2019ll get an email after you apply, telling you how to pay the deposit.\n\nIf it was another court you\u2019ll need to submit the petition by post. You can pay the fees by cash, postal order or a building society, bank or solicitor\u2019s cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll get a copy of your petition from the court after you pay the petition deposit. You must:\n\n- deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) it to a company director or employee\n\n- provide a certificate of service to the court confirming that the petition has been served on the company\n\nYou can get a \u2018process server\u2019 to help you - your solicitor can arrange this.\n\nYou can serve the petition by attaching it to the company\u2019s front door or leaving it at the office if you cannot serve it in person.\n\nThe day after you serve the petition, send a copy to the relevant liquidator, administrative receiver, administrator or supervisor if the company is involved in:\n\n- voluntary liquidation\n\n- administrative receivership\n\n- an administration order\n\n- a voluntary arrangement\n\n## The court hearing\n\nIf the court accepts your petition, they\u2019ll arrange a date for a hearing.\n\n## Announce the hearing\n\nWhen you\u2019re given a date for the hearing, you must formally announce when and where it will take place.\n\n- At least 7 working days before the hearing, place an advert in The Gazette to say the petition has been served.\n\n- Send a copy of the advert and form Comp 3 to the court at least 5 working days before the hearing.\n\n- Give a list of everyone who will be attending to the court by 4:30pm on the day before the hearing.\n\nThe advert must state:\n\n- that you\u2019ve presented a petition to wind up the company\n\n- your name and address\n\n- your solicitor\u2019s name and address (if you have one)\n\n- the date you presented the petition\n\n- the court where the hearing will take place\n\n- that anyone wanting to come to the hearing must give notice\n\n## After the hearing\n\nIf the petition is successful, the court will issue a winding-up order.\n\nThe court will put an official receiver in charge of the liquidation. They\u2019ll start the process of turning the company\u2019s assets into money that can be used to pay the company\u2019s debts.\n\nOther creditors can register to claim the money they\u2019re owed.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to the court to close or \u2018wind up\u2019 a company if it cannot pay its debts. This is also known as compulsory liquidation.

    ", + "

    To wind up a company you must:

    ", + "
  • be owed \u00a3750 or more
    • ", + "
  • be able to prove that the company cannot pay you
    • ", + "

    You need to fill in forms and send them to the right court to apply to wind up a company.

    ", + "

    Your application to the court is known as a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019. If you\u2019re successful:

    ", + "
  • the company assets are sold
    • ", + "
  • any legal disputes are settled
    • ", + "
  • the company collects money it\u2019s owed
    • ", + "
  • funds are paid to you and any other creditors
    • ", + "

    You might not get all or any of the money you\u2019re owed.

    ", + "

    There are also other ways to recover money that you\u2019re owed. You can get a debt specialist (like a solicitor) to help you recover debt.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    The fees are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3280 - court fees
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,600 - petition deposit (to manage the \u2018winding-up\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You might be able to get the fees back if the company can afford to repay them.

    ", + "

    Scottish companies

    ", + "

    There are different rules on winding up a company in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must send the right form to the court before they can deal with your petition. You might want to get legal help to make sure you submit your petition correctly.

    ", + "

    Forms

    ", + "

    Fill in form Comp 1 and make 3 copies.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • make sure the company\u2019s details are correct
    • ", + "
  • state if any European Community regulations apply (this applies if the company is registered in or does business in England and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • ask the court to restore the company (if it\u2019s been dissolved) before winding up the company
    • ", + "

    You need to provide evidence the company owes you money, for example:

    ", + "
  • a statutory demand - include the amount and date the demand was served
    • ", + "
  • a court judgment - include the amount awarded (and your costs and interest), the date of the judgment, the court name and case number
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to fill in form Comp 2 confirming the details of your petition.

    ", + "

    Where to send the petition

    ", + "

    Where you send the petition depends on how much \u2018paid-up share capital\u2019 the company has - you can find this on the Companies House register.

    ", + "

    Paid-up share capital is \u00a3120,000 or more

    ", + "

    Submit the petition online. It\u2019ll go to the High Court.

    ", + "

    You pay the court fees online, but not the petition deposit. You\u2019ll get an email after you apply, telling you how to pay the deposit.

    ", + "

    Paid-up share capital is under \u00a3120,000

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to find the court nearest to the company\u2019s registered office - the court must deal with bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    Submit the petition online if it\u2019s one of these courts:

    ", + "
  • Admiralty and Commercial Court
    • ", + "
  • Chancery Division
    • ", + "
  • Companies Court
    • ", + "
  • High Court (including Bankruptcy Court)
    • ", + "
  • London Mercantile Court
    • ", + "
  • Rolls Building
    • ", + "

    You pay the court fees online, but not the petition deposit. You\u2019ll get an email after you apply, telling you how to pay the deposit.

    ", + "

    If it was another court you\u2019ll need to submit the petition by post. You can pay the fees by cash, postal order or a building society, bank or solicitor\u2019s cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a copy of your petition from the court after you pay the petition deposit. You must:

    ", + "
  • deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) it to a company director or employee
    • ", + "
  • provide a certificate of service to the court confirming that the petition has been served on the company
    • ", + "

    You can get a \u2018process server\u2019 to help you - your solicitor can arrange this.

    ", + "

    You can serve the petition by attaching it to the company\u2019s front door or leaving it at the office if you cannot serve it in person.

    ", + "

    The day after you serve the petition, send a copy to the relevant liquidator, administrative receiver, administrator or supervisor if the company is involved in:

    ", + "
  • voluntary liquidation
    • ", + "
  • administrative receivership
    • ", + "
  • an administration order
    • ", + "
  • a voluntary arrangement
    • ", + "

    The court hearing

    ", + "

    If the court accepts your petition, they\u2019ll arrange a date for a hearing.

    ", + "

    Announce the hearing

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re given a date for the hearing, you must formally announce when and where it will take place.

    ", + "
  • At least 7 working days before the hearing, place an advert in The Gazette to say the petition has been served.
    • ", + "
  • Send a copy of the advert and form Comp 3 to the court at least 5 working days before the hearing.
    • ", + "
  • Give a list of everyone who will be attending to the court by 4:30pm on the day before the hearing.
    • ", + "

    The advert must state:

    ", + "
  • that you\u2019ve presented a petition to wind up the company
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your solicitor\u2019s name and address (if you have one)
    • ", + "
  • the date you presented the petition
    • ", + "
  • the court where the hearing will take place
    • ", + "
  • that anyone wanting to come to the hearing must give notice
    • ", + "

    After the hearing

    ", + "

    If the petition is successful, the court will issue a winding-up order.

    ", + "

    The court will put an official receiver in charge of the liquidation. They\u2019ll start the process of turning the company\u2019s assets into money that can be used to pay the company\u2019s debts.

    ", + "

    Other creditors can register to claim the money they\u2019re owed.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-lawful-development-certificate-decision": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-lawful-development-certificate-decision", + "title": "Appeal a decision about a lawful development certificate", + "content": "## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority makes decisions about lawful development certificates.\n\nYou can appeal against a lawful development certificate decision if either:\n\n- you disagree with it\n\n- the decision was not made within 8 weeks (6 weeks for work to a listed building)\n\nDo not appeal if you\u2019ve already been given an enforcement notice. You may have to pay additional costs if you do.\n\nOnly the person who made the lawful development certificate application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nThere\u2019s normally no deadline. If you\u2019re appealing an application about a listed building lawful development certificate, you must appeal within 6 months of the decision.\n\nYou can apply for planning permission at the same time as appealing a lawful development certificate decision.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.\n\nCheck how long appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice - if they did not make a decision, send a copy of the letter acknowledging your application\n\n- all plans, drawings and documents you sent to the local planning authority\n\n- any letters or emails between you and the local planning authority\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit:\n\n- a map of the site\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds of appeal\n\nIf you think your land or building is now lawful because the time limit for enforcement has passed, you also need to submit evidence like:\n\n- dated photographs of the site\n\n- letters from neighbours\n\n- receipts or invoices for work\n\n- plans and drawings\n\nYou can upload these documents or pictures of these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on a lawful development certificate appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal. The deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.\n\nYour local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. The local planning authority has to do this within 2 weeks of the appeal being validated by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nIf there\u2019s going to be an inquiry, interested parties can apply to have \u2018rule 6 status\u2019, which means they\u2019ll play a much bigger part. For example, they can call witnesses and give evidence.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority makes decisions about lawful development certificates.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against a lawful development certificate decision if either:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with it
    • ", + "
  • the decision was not made within 8 weeks (6 weeks for work to a listed building)
    • ", + "

    Do not appeal if you\u2019ve already been given an enforcement notice. You may have to pay additional costs if you do.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the lawful development certificate application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    There\u2019s normally no deadline. If you\u2019re appealing an application about a listed building lawful development certificate, you must appeal within 6 months of the decision.

    ", + "

    You can apply for planning permission at the same time as appealing a lawful development certificate decision.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.

    ", + "

    Check how long appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.

    ", + "

    You also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice - if they did not make a decision, send a copy of the letter acknowledging your application
    • ", + "
  • all plans, drawings and documents you sent to the local planning authority
    • ", + "
  • any letters or emails between you and the local planning authority
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit:

    ", + "
  • a map of the site
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds of appeal
    • ", + "

    If you think your land or building is now lawful because the time limit for enforcement has passed, you also need to submit evidence like:

    ", + "
  • dated photographs of the site
    • ", + "
  • letters from neighbours
    • ", + "
  • receipts or invoices for work
    • ", + "
  • plans and drawings
    • ", + "

    You can upload these documents or pictures of these documents when you appeal.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on a lawful development certificate appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal. The deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. The local planning authority has to do this within 2 weeks of the appeal being validated by the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s going to be an inquiry, interested parties can apply to have \u2018rule 6 status\u2019, which means they\u2019ll play a much bigger part. For example, they can call witnesses and give evidence.

    ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "title": "Business rates", + "content": "## Overview\n\nBusiness rates are charged on most non-domestic properties, like:\n\n- shops\n\n- offices\n\n- pubs\n\n- warehouses\n\n- factories\n\n- holiday rental homes or guest houses\n\nYou\u2019ll probably have to pay business rates if you use a building or part of a building for non-domestic purposes.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What to pay and when\n\nYour local council will send you a business rates bill in February or March each year. This is for the following tax year. You can also estimate your business rates bill.\n\nYou can get help with business rates from:\n\n- your council if you have questions about your bill\n\n- the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you think your \u2018rateable value\u2019 is wrong\n\n## Relief schemes\n\nYou may be able to get business rates relief from your local council to reduce your bill. This is sometimes automatic, but you may need to apply.\n\nThe process depends on whether you\u2019re in England or Wales.\n\n## Who does not need to pay\n\nCertain properties are exempt from business rates, for example farm buildings or places used for the welfare of disabled people.\n\n## If you own a stable\n\nYou usually need to pay business rates on your stables, unless you use your horses for farming.\n\nYou may pay Council Tax instead if your stables are in your garden. Contact VOA to check if you\u2019re not sure which you should pay.\n\n## How your rates are calculated\n\nBusiness rates are worked out based on your property\u2019s \u2018rateable value\u2019.\n\nThis is its open market rental value on 1 April 2015, based on an estimate by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\nYou can estimate your business rates by multiplying the rateable value by the correct \u2018multiplier\u2019 (an amount set by central government).\n\nYour bill will be reduced if your property\u2019s eligible for business rates relief.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you think your rates are wrong\n\nYou can ask for your property\u2019s rateable value to be corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to provide rental information\n\nThe VOA may ask you to provide rental information about your property so they can work out its rateable value.\n\nContact the VOA if you need more time to send in your rental information.\n\n## Revaluation\n\nAt revaluation, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) adjusts the rateable value of business properties to reflect changes in the property market.\n\nIt usually happens every 5 years. The most recent revaluation came into effect in England and Wales on 1 April 2017, based on rateable values from 1 April 2015.\n\nYou can check your valuation when you estimate your business rates.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What happens at revaluation\n\nAt revaluation:\n\n- all properties are given a new rateable value\n\n- multipliers are revised\n\nThis means that a change in your rateable value does not always mean a change in your bill.\n\nTo make sure your valuations are accurate, you may need to give VOA up-to-date rental evidence for your property at revaluation.\n\n## Get business rates relief\n\nYou may be able to get a discount from your local council if you\u2019re eligible for business rates relief.\n\nFor example you may be able to get:\n\n- transitional relief so that changes to your bill as a result of revaluation are phased in gradually\n\n- small business relief so that you pay no business rates if your rateable value is below \u00a315,000\n\n## Get help with business rates\n\nYou may be able to get a discount from your local council on your business rates if you\u2019re eligible for one or more business rates relief schemes.\n\nFor help with your property\u2019s rateable value, contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\nFor help with your business rates bill (for example to pay in instalments) or rate relief, contact your council.\n\n## Get professional advice\n\nYou can also get help from a qualified rating surveyor through one of the following organisations:\n\n- Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS)\n\n- Institute of Revenues, Rating and Valuation (IRRV)\n\n- Rating Surveyors Association\n\nYou may be charged for any advice you get from a rating surveyor right from the start.\n\nYou can call the RICS enquiry line for advice. The first 30 minutes are free.\n\n## If your business or premises change\n\nYour business rates could change if:\n\n- you move or make changes to your premises\n\n- the nature of your business changes\n\n- you sublet part of your property\n\n- you merge 2 or more properties into 1\n\nYou must report any changes to ensure you\u2019re paying the right amount and do not get a backdated increase in your bill.\n\nReport changes using the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) service in England or Wales.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\n## If your premises are affected by local disruption\n\nYou may get a temporary reduction in your business rates if your premises are affected by severe local disruption (like flooding, building or roadworks).\n\nReport changes using the VOA service.\n\n## Working at home\n\nYou do not usually have to pay business rates for home-based businesses if you:\n\n- use a small part of your home for your business, for example if you use a bedroom as an office\n\n- sell goods by post\n\nYou may need to pay business rates as well as Council Tax if:\n\n- your property is part business and part domestic, for example if you live above your shop\n\n- you sell goods or services to people who visit your property\n\n- you employ other people to work at your property\n\n- you\u2019ve made changes to your home for your business, for example converted a garage to a hairdresser\u2019s\n\nContact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) to find out if you should be paying business rates. In Scotland, contact your local assessor.\n\n## Pubs and licensed trade\n\nIn England and Wales, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) works out your rateable value based on the annual level of trade (excluding VAT) that a pub is expected to achieve if operated in a reasonably efficient way.\n\nThis is called \u2018fair maintainable trade\u2019 and it\u2019s based on:\n\n- the type of pub or licensed premises\n\n- the area it\u2019s in\n\n- the services it offers, for example food, gaming, or sports screenings\n\nThe VOA also looks at rents and turnovers to work out the fair maintainable trade figure, then applies a percentage to work out the rateable value.\n\nThe percentages are agreed with the British Beer and Pub Association and they\u2019re in the VOA\u2019s pub guide.\n\nYou can read more about how the VOA values pubs and other licensed premises for business rates.\n\nContact the VOA if you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used.\n\nYou can also find and check your business rates valuation online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide details of turnover (excluding VAT) for all sources, such as liquor, food and gaming.\n\nYou can also use the online contact VOA service.\n\n## Scotland\n\nIn Scotland, your local assessor works out your rateable value.\n\nIf you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used, contact your local assessor.\n\n## Self-catering and holiday let accommodation\n\nIf your property is in England and available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year, it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates.\n\nIf your property is in Wales it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates if it\u2019s both:\n\n- available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year\n\n- actually let for 70 days\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland.\n\nThe Valuation Office will work out the rateable value of your property based on its type, size, location, quality and how much income you\u2019re likely to make from letting it.\n\nIf you only let one property and its rateable value is less than \u00a315,000 you may be eligible for small business rate relief.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Business rates are charged on most non-domestic properties, like:

    ", + "
  • shops
    • ", + "
  • offices
    • ", + "
  • pubs
    • ", + "
  • warehouses
    • ", + "
  • factories
    • ", + "
  • holiday rental homes or guest houses
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll probably have to pay business rates if you use a building or part of a building for non-domestic purposes.

    ", + "

    Business rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What to pay and when

    ", + "

    Your local council will send you a business rates bill in February or March each year. This is for the following tax year. You can also estimate your business rates bill.

    ", + "

    You can get help with business rates from:

    ", + "
  • your council if you have questions about your bill
    • ", + "
  • the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you think your \u2018rateable value\u2019 is wrong
    • ", + "

    Relief schemes

    ", + "

    You may be able to get business rates relief from your local council to reduce your bill. This is sometimes automatic, but you may need to apply.

    ", + "

    The process depends on whether you\u2019re in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Who does not need to pay

    ", + "

    Certain properties are exempt from business rates, for example farm buildings or places used for the welfare of disabled people.

    ", + "

    If you own a stable

    ", + "

    You usually need to pay business rates on your stables, unless you use your horses for farming.

    ", + "

    You may pay Council Tax instead if your stables are in your garden. Contact VOA to check if you\u2019re not sure which you should pay.

    ", + "

    How your rates are calculated

    ", + "

    Business rates are worked out based on your property\u2019s \u2018rateable value\u2019.

    ", + "

    This is its open market rental value on 1 April 2015, based on an estimate by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).

    ", + "

    You can estimate your business rates by multiplying the rateable value by the correct \u2018multiplier\u2019 (an amount set by central government).

    ", + "

    Your bill will be reduced if your property\u2019s eligible for business rates relief.

    ", + "

    Business rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you think your rates are wrong

    ", + "

    You can ask for your property\u2019s rateable value to be corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to provide rental information

    ", + "

    The VOA may ask you to provide rental information about your property so they can work out its rateable value.

    ", + "

    Contact the VOA if you need more time to send in your rental information.

    ", + "

    Revaluation

    ", + "

    At revaluation, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) adjusts the rateable value of business properties to reflect changes in the property market.

    ", + "

    It usually happens every 5 years. The most recent revaluation came into effect in England and Wales on 1 April 2017, based on rateable values from 1 April 2015.

    ", + "

    You can check your valuation when you estimate your business rates.

    ", + "

    Business rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What happens at revaluation

    ", + "

    At revaluation:

    ", + "
  • all properties are given a new rateable value
    • ", + "
  • multipliers are revised
    • ", + "

    This means that a change in your rateable value does not always mean a change in your bill.

    ", + "

    To make sure your valuations are accurate, you may need to give VOA up-to-date rental evidence for your property at revaluation.

    ", + "

    Get business rates relief

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a discount from your local council if you\u2019re eligible for business rates relief.

    ", + "

    For example you may be able to get:

    ", + "
  • transitional relief so that changes to your bill as a result of revaluation are phased in gradually
    • ", + "
  • small business relief so that you pay no business rates if your rateable value is below \u00a315,000
    • ", + "

    Get help with business rates

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a discount from your local council on your business rates if you\u2019re eligible for one or more business rates relief schemes.

    ", + "

    For help with your property\u2019s rateable value, contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).

    ", + "

    For help with your business rates bill (for example to pay in instalments) or rate relief, contact your council.

    ", + "

    Get professional advice

    ", + "

    You can also get help from a qualified rating surveyor through one of the following organisations:

    ", + "
  • Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS)
    • ", + "
  • Institute of Revenues, Rating and Valuation (IRRV)
    • ", + "
  • Rating Surveyors Association
    • ", + "

    You may be charged for any advice you get from a rating surveyor right from the start.

    ", + "

    You can call the RICS enquiry line for advice. The first 30 minutes are free.

    ", + "

    If your business or premises change

    ", + "

    Your business rates could change if:

    ", + "
  • you move or make changes to your premises
    • ", + "
  • the nature of your business changes
    • ", + "
  • you sublet part of your property
    • ", + "
  • you merge 2 or more properties into 1
    • ", + "

    You must report any changes to ensure you\u2019re paying the right amount and do not get a backdated increase in your bill.

    ", + "

    Report changes using the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) service in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Business rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    If your premises are affected by local disruption

    ", + "

    You may get a temporary reduction in your business rates if your premises are affected by severe local disruption (like flooding, building or roadworks).

    ", + "

    Report changes using the VOA service.

    ", + "

    Working at home

    ", + "

    You do not usually have to pay business rates for home-based businesses if you:

    ", + "
  • use a small part of your home for your business, for example if you use a bedroom as an office
    • ", + "
  • sell goods by post
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay business rates as well as Council Tax if:

    ", + "
  • your property is part business and part domestic, for example if you live above your shop
    • ", + "
  • you sell goods or services to people who visit your property
    • ", + "
  • you employ other people to work at your property
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve made changes to your home for your business, for example converted a garage to a hairdresser\u2019s
    • ", + "

    Contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) to find out if you should be paying business rates. In Scotland, contact your local assessor.

    ", + "

    Pubs and licensed trade

    ", + "

    In England and Wales, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) works out your rateable value based on the annual level of trade (excluding VAT) that a pub is expected to achieve if operated in a reasonably efficient way.

    ", + "

    This is called \u2018fair maintainable trade\u2019 and it\u2019s based on:

    ", + "
  • the type of pub or licensed premises
    • ", + "
  • the area it\u2019s in
    • ", + "
  • the services it offers, for example food, gaming, or sports screenings
    • ", + "

    The VOA also looks at rents and turnovers to work out the fair maintainable trade figure, then applies a percentage to work out the rateable value.

    ", + "

    The percentages are agreed with the British Beer and Pub Association and they\u2019re in the VOA\u2019s pub guide.

    ", + "

    You can read more about how the VOA values pubs and other licensed premises for business rates.

    ", + "

    Contact the VOA if you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used.

    ", + "

    You can also find and check your business rates valuation online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide details of turnover (excluding VAT) for all sources, such as liquor, food and gaming.

    ", + "

    You can also use the online contact VOA service.

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    In Scotland, your local assessor works out your rateable value.

    ", + "

    If you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used, contact your local assessor.

    ", + "

    Self-catering and holiday let accommodation

    ", + "

    If your property is in England and available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year, it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates.

    ", + "

    If your property is in Wales it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates if it\u2019s both:

    ", + "
  • available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year
    • ", + "
  • actually let for 70 days
    • ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland.

    ", + "

    The Valuation Office will work out the rateable value of your property based on its type, size, location, quality and how much income you\u2019re likely to make from letting it.

    ", + "

    If you only let one property and its rateable value is less than \u00a315,000 you may be eligible for small business rate relief.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-business-rate-relief": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-business-rate-relief", + "title": "Business rates relief", + "content": "## Overview\n\nSome properties are eligible for discounts from the local council on their business rates. This is called \u2018business rates relief\u2019.\n\nRates relief is handled differently in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\nYou have to contact your local council to see if you\u2019re eligible and apply for:\n\n- small business rate relief\n\n- rural rate relief\n\n- charitable rate relief\n\n- enterprise zone relief\n\n- hardship relief\n\n- retail discount\n\n- local newspaper relief\n\nYour council automatically applies:\n\n- exempted buildings and empty buildings relief\n\n- transitional relief if your rates change by more than a certain amount at revaluation\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019re not getting a relief you think you\u2019re entitled to.\n\nFind out what support is available for businesses, including business rates grants or holidays, because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If your premises are affected by local disruption\n\nYou may get a temporary reduction in your business rates if your premises are affected by severe local disruption (like flooding, building or roadworks).\n\nYou can report that something external to the premises has affected its value using the Valuation Office Agency service.\n\n## Small business rate relief\n\nYou can get small business rate relief if:\n\n- your property\u2019s rateable value is less than \u00a315,000\n\n- your business only uses one property - you may still be able to get relief if you use more\n\nContact your local council to apply for small business rate relief.\n\n## What you get\n\nYou will not pay business rates on a property with a rateable value of \u00a312,000 or less.\n\nFor properties with a rateable value of \u00a312,001 to \u00a315,000, the rate of relief will go down gradually from 100% to 0%.\n\n## If you use more than one property\n\nWhen you get a second property, you\u2019ll keep getting any existing relief on your main property for 12 months.\n\nYou can still get small business rate relief on your main property after this if both the following apply:\n\n- none of your other properties have a rateable value above \u00a32,899\n\n- the total rateable value of all your properties is less than \u00a320,000 (\u00a328,000 in London)\n\n## You\u2019re a small business but do not qualify for small business rate relief\n\nIf your property in England has a rateable value below \u00a351,000, your bill will be calculated using the small business multiplier, which is lower than the standard one. This is the case even if you do not get small business rate relief.\n\nThe small business multiplier is 49.1p and the standard multiplier is 50.4p from 1 April 2019 to 31 March 2020. The multipliers may be different in the City of London.\n\n## Rural rate relief\n\nYou could get rural rate relief if your business is in a rural area with a population below 3,000.\n\nYou will not pay business rates if your business is in an eligible area and either:\n\n- the only village shop or post office, with a rateable value of up to \u00a38,500\n\n- the only public house or petrol station, with a rateable value of up to \u00a312,500\n\nContact your local council to check you\u2019re eligible and to apply for rural rate relief.\n\n## Charitable rate relief\n\nCharities and community amateur sports clubs can apply for charitable rate relief of up to 80% if a property is used for charitable purposes.\n\nContact your local council to:\n\n- check if you\u2019re eligible\n\n- find out if they can top up the discount to 100% (called \u2018discretionary relief\u2019)\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible for charitable rate relief\n\nYou may still be able to get discretionary relief if you\u2019re a non-profit or voluntary organisation. Contact your council to find out.\n\n## Enterprise zones\n\nIf you\u2019re starting up or relocating to an enterprise zone you could qualify for business rates relief.\n\nThe council works out how the relief is applied. You could get up to \u00a355,000 a year over 5 years.\n\nFind your local enterprise zone to check whether it offers business rates relief, and how and when to apply.\n\n## Exempted buildings and empty buildings relief\n\n## Exempted buildings\n\nCertain properties are exempt from business rates.\n\nYou may not have to pay business rates on:\n\n- agricultural land and buildings, including fish farms\n\n- buildings used for training or welfare of disabled people\n\n- buildings registered for public religious worship or church halls\n\nHowever, there are strict legal requirements for these exemptions.\n\nIf your property is in England, you can report that you think it should be exempt using the Valuation Office Agency service.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to report exemptions if your property is in Wales.\n\n## Empty properties\n\nYou do not have to pay business rates on empty buildings for 3 months. After this time, most businesses must pay full business rates.\n\nSome properties can get extended empty property relief:\n\n- industrial premises (for example warehouses) are exempt for a further 3 months\n\n- listed buildings - until they\u2019re reoccupied\n\n- buildings with a rateable value under \u00a32,900 - until they\u2019re reoccupied\n\n- properties owned by charities - only if the property\u2019s next use will be mostly for charitable purposes\n\n- community amateur sports clubs buildings - only if the next use will be mostly as a sports club\n\nContact your local council to let them know when your property becomes vacant.\n\n## Hardship relief\n\nIn England, councils can reduce your business rates bill with hardship relief.\n\nTo be eligible, you must satisfy your council that both:\n\n- you would be in financial difficulties without it\n\n- giving hardship relief to you is in the interests of local people\n\nContact your local council and explain your situation if you think you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Transitional relief\n\nTransitional relief limits how much your bill can change each year as a result of revaluation.\n\nThis means changes to your bill are phased in gradually, if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou get transitional relief if your:\n\n- property is in England\n\n- rates go up or down by more than a certain amount\n\nYour council will adjust your bill automatically if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How much your bill can change by\n\nHow much your bill can change by from one year to the next depends on both:\n\n- your property\u2019s rateable value\n\n- whether your bill is increasing or decreasing as a result of revaluation\n\nYou stop getting transitional relief when your bill reaches the full amount set by a revaluation.\n\nThe business rates year is from 1 April to 31 March the following year.\n\n## If your bill is increasing\n\n| Rateable value | 2017 to 2018 | 2018 to 2019 | 2019 to 2020 | 2020 to 2021 | 2021 to 2022 |\n\n| Up to \u00a320,000 (\u00a328,000 in London) | 5.0% | 7.5% | 10.0% | 15.0% | 15.0% |\n\n| 20,001 (28,001 in London) to \u00a399,999 | 12.5% | 17.5% | 20.0% | 25.0% | 25.0% |\n\n| Over \u00a3100,000 | 42.0% | 32.0% | 49.0% | 16.0% | 6.0% |\n\n## If your bill is decreasing\n\n| Rateable value | 2017 to 2018 | 2018 to 2019 | 2019 to 2020 | 2020 to 2021 | 2021 to 2022 |\n\n| Up to \u00a320,000 (\u00a328,000 in London) | 20.0% | 30.0% | 35.0% | 55.0% | 55.0% |\n\n| 20,001 (28,001 in London) to \u00a399,999 | 10.0% | 15.0% | 20.0% | 25.0% | 25.0% |\n\n| Over \u00a3100,000 | 4.1% | 4.6% | 5.9% | 5.8% | 4.8% |\n\n## If you\u2019ve received a transitional certificate\n\nThe transitional certificate value will be used in the business rates calculation for your property instead of the usual rateable value.\n\nIf you disagree with the value of the certificate, contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\n## Retail discount\n\nYou could qualify for retail discount if your business is a:\n\n- shop\n\n- restaurant, caf\u00e9, bar or pub\n\n- cinema or music venue\n\n- hospitality or leisure business - for example, a gym, a spa, a casino or a hotel\n\nContact your local council to find out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, you could get:\n\n- 100% off your business rates bills for the 2020 to 2021 tax year (1 April 2020 to 31 March 2021)\n\n- 100% off your business rates bills for the first 3 months of the 2021 to 2022 tax year (1 April 2021 to 30 June 2021)\n\n- 66% off your business rates bills for the rest of the 2021 to 2022 tax year (1 July 2021 to 31 March 2022) - up to a total value of \u00a32 million\n\nIf your business was legally allowed to open during the national lockdown starting 5 January 2021, your discount for 1 July 2021 to 31 March 2022 will be capped at \u00a3105,000 rather than \u00a32 million.\n\nYou can get the retail discount on top of any other business rates relief you\u2019re eligible for.\n\nIf you opt out of the retail discount for the 2021 to 2022 tax year you cannot change your mind.\n\n## Local newspaper relief\n\nYou could get local newspaper relief if your property is used as office premises for journalists and reporters on a local newspaper.\n\nThe relief is a \u00a31,500 reduction in business rates for eligible properties per year.\n\nYou can only get the relief for one property per newspaper even if more than one property is used as offices for the newspaper.\n\nIf several local newspapers use the same office, they can only get the relief on one newspaper title.\n\nContact your local council to find out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou cannot get the relief for magazines.\n\n## Nurseries discount\n\nYou could qualify for nurseries discount if both:\n\n- your business is on Ofsted\u2019s Early Years Register\n\n- your premises is wholly or mainly used to provide the Early Years Foundation Stage of education\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, you could get:\n\n- 100% off your business rates bills for the 2020 to 2021 tax year (1 April 2020 to 31 March 2021)\n\n- 100% off your business rates bills for the first 3 months of the 2021 to 2022 tax year (1 April 2021 to 30 June 2021)\n\n- 66% off your business rates bills for the rest of the 2021 to 2022 tax year (1 July 2021 to 31 March 2022) - up to a total value of \u00a3105,000\n\nYou can get the nurseries discount on top of any other business rates relief you\u2019re eligible for.\n\nIf you opt out of the nurseries discount for the 2021 to 2022 tax year you cannot change your mind.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Some properties are eligible for discounts from the local council on their business rates. This is called \u2018business rates relief\u2019.

    ", + "

    Rates relief is handled differently in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You have to contact your local council to see if you\u2019re eligible and apply for:

    ", + "
  • small business rate relief
    • ", + "
  • rural rate relief
    • ", + "
  • charitable rate relief
    • ", + "
  • enterprise zone relief
    • ", + "
  • hardship relief
    • ", + "
  • retail discount
    • ", + "
  • local newspaper relief
    • ", + "

    Your council automatically applies:

    ", + "
  • exempted buildings and empty buildings relief
    • ", + "
  • transitional relief if your rates change by more than a certain amount at revaluation
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council if you\u2019re not getting a relief you think you\u2019re entitled to.

    ", + "

    Find out what support is available for businesses, including business rates grants or holidays, because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If your premises are affected by local disruption

    ", + "

    You may get a temporary reduction in your business rates if your premises are affected by severe local disruption (like flooding, building or roadworks).

    ", + "

    You can report that something external to the premises has affected its value using the Valuation Office Agency service.

    ", + "

    Small business rate relief

    ", + "

    You can get small business rate relief if:

    ", + "
  • your property\u2019s rateable value is less than \u00a315,000
    • ", + "
  • your business only uses one property - you may still be able to get relief if you use more
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council to apply for small business rate relief.

    ", + "

    What you get

    ", + "

    You will not pay business rates on a property with a rateable value of \u00a312,000 or less.

    ", + "

    For properties with a rateable value of \u00a312,001 to \u00a315,000, the rate of relief will go down gradually from 100% to 0%.

    ", + "

    If you use more than one property

    ", + "

    When you get a second property, you\u2019ll keep getting any existing relief on your main property for 12 months.

    ", + "

    You can still get small business rate relief on your main property after this if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • none of your other properties have a rateable value above \u00a32,899
    • ", + "
  • the total rateable value of all your properties is less than \u00a320,000 (\u00a328,000 in London)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re a small business but do not qualify for small business rate relief

    ", + "

    If your property in England has a rateable value below \u00a351,000, your bill will be calculated using the small business multiplier, which is lower than the standard one. This is the case even if you do not get small business rate relief.

    ", + "

    The small business multiplier is 49.1p and the standard multiplier is 50.4p from 1 April 2019 to 31 March 2020. The multipliers may be different in the City of London.

    ", + "

    Rural rate relief

    ", + "

    You could get rural rate relief if your business is in a rural area with a population below 3,000.

    ", + "

    You will not pay business rates if your business is in an eligible area and either:

    ", + "
  • the only village shop or post office, with a rateable value of up to \u00a38,500
    • ", + "
  • the only public house or petrol station, with a rateable value of up to \u00a312,500
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council to check you\u2019re eligible and to apply for rural rate relief.

    ", + "

    Charitable rate relief

    ", + "

    Charities and community amateur sports clubs can apply for charitable rate relief of up to 80% if a property is used for charitable purposes.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to:

    ", + "
  • check if you\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "
  • find out if they can top up the discount to 100% (called \u2018discretionary relief\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for charitable rate relief

    ", + "

    You may still be able to get discretionary relief if you\u2019re a non-profit or voluntary organisation. Contact your council to find out.

    ", + "

    Enterprise zones

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re starting up or relocating to an enterprise zone you could qualify for business rates relief.

    ", + "

    The council works out how the relief is applied. You could get up to \u00a355,000 a year over 5 years.

    ", + "

    Find your local enterprise zone to check whether it offers business rates relief, and how and when to apply.

    ", + "

    Exempted buildings and empty buildings relief

    ", + "

    Exempted buildings

    ", + "

    Certain properties are exempt from business rates.

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay business rates on:

    ", + "
  • agricultural land and buildings, including fish farms
    • ", + "
  • buildings used for training or welfare of disabled people
    • ", + "
  • buildings registered for public religious worship or church halls
    • ", + "

    However, there are strict legal requirements for these exemptions.

    ", + "

    If your property is in England, you can report that you think it should be exempt using the Valuation Office Agency service.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to report exemptions if your property is in Wales.

    ", + "

    Empty properties

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay business rates on empty buildings for 3 months. After this time, most businesses must pay full business rates.

    ", + "

    Some properties can get extended empty property relief:

    ", + "
  • industrial premises (for example warehouses) are exempt for a further 3 months
    • ", + "
  • listed buildings - until they\u2019re reoccupied
    • ", + "
  • buildings with a rateable value under \u00a32,900 - until they\u2019re reoccupied
    • ", + "
  • properties owned by charities - only if the property\u2019s next use will be mostly for charitable purposes
    • ", + "
  • community amateur sports clubs buildings - only if the next use will be mostly as a sports club
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council to let them know when your property becomes vacant.

    ", + "

    Hardship relief

    ", + "

    In England, councils can reduce your business rates bill with hardship relief.

    ", + "

    To be eligible, you must satisfy your council that both:

    ", + "
  • you would be in financial difficulties without it
    • ", + "
  • giving hardship relief to you is in the interests of local people
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council and explain your situation if you think you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Transitional relief

    ", + "

    Transitional relief limits how much your bill can change each year as a result of revaluation.

    ", + "

    This means changes to your bill are phased in gradually, if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You get transitional relief if your:

    ", + "
  • property is in England
    • ", + "
  • rates go up or down by more than a certain amount
    • ", + "

    Your council will adjust your bill automatically if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How much your bill can change by

    ", + "

    How much your bill can change by from one year to the next depends on both:

    ", + "
  • your property\u2019s rateable value
    • ", + "
  • whether your bill is increasing or decreasing as a result of revaluation
    • ", + "

    You stop getting transitional relief when your bill reaches the full amount set by a revaluation.

    ", + "

    The business rates year is from 1 April to 31 March the following year.

    ", + "

    If your bill is increasing

    ", + "Rateable value | 2017 to 2018 | 2018 to 2019 | 2019 to 2020 | 2020 to 2021 | 2021 to 2022", + "Up to \u00a320,000 (\u00a328,000 in London) | 5.0% | 7.5% | 10.0% | 15.0% | 15.0%", + "20,001 (28,001 in London) to \u00a399,999 | 12.5% | 17.5% | 20.0% | 25.0% | 25.0%", + "Over \u00a3100,000 | 42.0% | 32.0% | 49.0% | 16.0% | 6.0%", + "

    If your bill is decreasing

    ", + "Rateable value | 2017 to 2018 | 2018 to 2019 | 2019 to 2020 | 2020 to 2021 | 2021 to 2022", + "Up to \u00a320,000 (\u00a328,000 in London) | 20.0% | 30.0% | 35.0% | 55.0% | 55.0%", + "20,001 (28,001 in London) to \u00a399,999 | 10.0% | 15.0% | 20.0% | 25.0% | 25.0%", + "Over \u00a3100,000 | 4.1% | 4.6% | 5.9% | 5.8% | 4.8%", + "

    If you\u2019ve received a transitional certificate

    ", + "

    The transitional certificate value will be used in the business rates calculation for your property instead of the usual rateable value.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the value of the certificate, contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).

    ", + "

    Retail discount

    ", + "

    You could qualify for retail discount if your business is a:

    ", + "
  • shop
    • ", + "
  • restaurant, caf\u00e9, bar or pub
    • ", + "
  • cinema or music venue
    • ", + "
  • hospitality or leisure business - for example, a gym, a spa, a casino or a hotel
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council to find out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, you could get:

    ", + "
  • 100% off your business rates bills for the 2020 to 2021 tax year (1 April 2020 to 31 March 2021)
    • ", + "
  • 100% off your business rates bills for the first 3 months of the 2021 to 2022 tax year (1 April 2021 to 30 June 2021)
    • ", + "
  • 66% off your business rates bills for the rest of the 2021 to 2022 tax year (1 July 2021 to 31 March 2022) - up to a total value of \u00a32 million
    • ", + "

    If your business was legally allowed to open during the national lockdown starting 5 January 2021, your discount for 1 July 2021 to 31 March 2022 will be capped at \u00a3105,000 rather than \u00a32 million.

    ", + "

    You can get the retail discount on top of any other business rates relief you\u2019re eligible for.

    ", + "

    If you opt out of the retail discount for the 2021 to 2022 tax year you cannot change your mind.

    ", + "

    Local newspaper relief

    ", + "

    You could get local newspaper relief if your property is used as office premises for journalists and reporters on a local newspaper.

    ", + "

    The relief is a \u00a31,500 reduction in business rates for eligible properties per year.

    ", + "

    You can only get the relief for one property per newspaper even if more than one property is used as offices for the newspaper.

    ", + "

    If several local newspapers use the same office, they can only get the relief on one newspaper title.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to find out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You cannot get the relief for magazines.

    ", + "

    Nurseries discount

    ", + "

    You could qualify for nurseries discount if both:

    ", + "
  • your business is on Ofsted\u2019s Early Years Register
    • ", + "
  • your premises is wholly or mainly used to provide the Early Years Foundation Stage of education
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, you could get:

    ", + "
  • 100% off your business rates bills for the 2020 to 2021 tax year (1 April 2020 to 31 March 2021)
    • ", + "
  • 100% off your business rates bills for the first 3 months of the 2021 to 2022 tax year (1 April 2021 to 30 June 2021)
    • ", + "
  • 66% off your business rates bills for the rest of the 2021 to 2022 tax year (1 July 2021 to 31 March 2022) - up to a total value of \u00a3105,000
    • ", + "

    You can get the nurseries discount on top of any other business rates relief you\u2019re eligible for.

    ", + "

    If you opt out of the nurseries discount for the 2021 to 2022 tax year you cannot change your mind.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/energy-performance-certificate-commercial-property": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/energy-performance-certificate-commercial-property", + "title": "Energy Performance Certificates for your business premises", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAn Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) rates how energy efficient your building is using grades from A to G (with \u2018A\u2019 the most efficient grade).\n\n## When you need an EPC\n\nYou must have an EPC if:\n\n- you rent out or sell the premises\n\n- a building under construction is finished\n\n- there are changes to the number of parts used for separate occupation and these changes involve providing or extending fixed heating, air conditioning or mechanical ventilation systems\n\nYou can be fined between \u00a3500 and \u00a35,000 based on the rateable value of the building if you don\u2019t make an EPC available to any prospective buyer or tenant.\n\n## When you must display one\n\nYou must display an EPC by fixing it to your commercial building if all these apply:\n\n- the total useful floor area is over 500 square metres\n\n- the building is frequently visited by the public\n\n- an EPC has already been produced for the building\u2019s sale, rental or construction\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe cost of an EPC will depend on the building being assessed. All EPCs are valid for 10 years.\n\n## How to get a certificate\n\nYou can only get an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) from a commercial energy assessor.\n\nThe type of assessor you\u2019ll need will depend on the complexity and features of the building. If you need advice on choosing one, speak to a commercial (non-domestic) energy assessor or contact the approved accreditation scheme they belong to.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou don\u2019t need an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) if you can demonstrate that the building is any of these:\n\n- listed or officially protected and the minimum energy performance requirements would unacceptably alter it\n\n- a temporary building only going to be used for 2 years or less\n\n- used as a place of worship or for other religious activities\n\n- an industrial site, workshop or non-residential agricultural building that doesn\u2019t use much energy\n\n- a detached building with a total floor space under 50 square metres\n\n- due to be demolished by the seller or landlord and they have all the relevant planning and conservation consents\n\n## Vacant buildings and demolition\n\nA building is also exempt if all of the following are true:\n\n- it\u2019s due to be sold or rented out with vacant possession\n\n- it\u2019s suitable for demolition and the site could be redeveloped\n\n- the buyer or tenant has applied for planning permission to demolish it\n\n## Appeal a penalty charge\n\nYou can ask for a review if you get a penalty charge notice. The notice will tell you how to do this. If the review fails you\u2019ll get a letter confirming your penalty.\n\nYou can then appeal to the county court (or sheriff court in Scotland) but you must do this within 28 days of receiving your confirmed penalty.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    An Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) rates how energy efficient your building is using grades from A to G (with \u2018A\u2019 the most efficient grade).

    ", + "

    When you need an EPC

    ", + "

    You must have an EPC if:

    ", + "
  • you rent out or sell the premises
    • ", + "
  • a building under construction is finished
    • ", + "
  • there are changes to the number of parts used for separate occupation and these changes involve providing or extending fixed heating, air conditioning or mechanical ventilation systems
    • ", + "

    You can be fined between \u00a3500 and \u00a35,000 based on the rateable value of the building if you don\u2019t make an EPC available to any prospective buyer or tenant.

    ", + "

    When you must display one

    ", + "

    You must display an EPC by fixing it to your commercial building if all these apply:

    ", + "
  • the total useful floor area is over 500 square metres
    • ", + "
  • the building is frequently visited by the public
    • ", + "
  • an EPC has already been produced for the building\u2019s sale, rental or construction
    • ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    The cost of an EPC will depend on the building being assessed. All EPCs are valid for 10 years.

    ", + "

    How to get a certificate

    ", + "

    You can only get an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) from a commercial energy assessor.

    ", + "

    The type of assessor you\u2019ll need will depend on the complexity and features of the building. If you need advice on choosing one, speak to a commercial (non-domestic) energy assessor or contact the approved accreditation scheme they belong to.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) if you can demonstrate that the building is any of these:

    ", + "
  • listed or officially protected and the minimum energy performance requirements would unacceptably alter it
    • ", + "
  • a temporary building only going to be used for 2 years or less
    • ", + "
  • used as a place of worship or for other religious activities
    • ", + "
  • an industrial site, workshop or non-residential agricultural building that doesn\u2019t use much energy
    • ", + "
  • a detached building with a total floor space under 50 square metres
    • ", + "
  • due to be demolished by the seller or landlord and they have all the relevant planning and conservation consents
    • ", + "

    Vacant buildings and demolition

    ", + "

    A building is also exempt if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s due to be sold or rented out with vacant possession
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s suitable for demolition and the site could be redeveloped
    • ", + "
  • the buyer or tenant has applied for planning permission to demolish it
    • ", + "

    Appeal a penalty charge

    ", + "

    You can ask for a review if you get a penalty charge notice. The notice will tell you how to do this. If the review fails you\u2019ll get a letter confirming your penalty.

    ", + "

    You can then appeal to the county court (or sheriff court in Scotland) but you must do this within 28 days of receiving your confirmed penalty.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-fire-safety-your-responsibilities": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-fire-safety-your-responsibilities", + "title": "Fire safety in the workplace", + "content": "## Who's responsible\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for fire safety in business or other non-domestic premises if you\u2019re:\n\n- an employer\n\n- the owner\n\n- the landlord\n\n- an occupier\n\n- anyone else with control of the premises, for example a facilities manager, building manager, managing agent or risk assessor\n\nYou\u2019re known as the \u2018responsible person\u2019. If there\u2019s more than one responsible person, you have to work together to meet your responsibilities.\n\nThe Fire Safety Order also applies if you have paying guests, for example if you run a bed and breakfast, guesthouse or let a self-catering property.\n\nFire safety rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Responsibilities\n\nAs the responsible person you must:\n\n- carry out a fire risk assessment of the premises and review it regularly\n\n- tell staff or their representatives about the risks you\u2019ve identified\n\n- put in place, and maintain, appropriate fire safety measures\n\n- plan for an emergency\n\n- provide staff information, fire safety instruction and training\n\nYou can read about how to make sure your premises are safe from fire.\n\n## Non-domestic premises\n\nNon-domestic premises are:\n\n- all workplaces and commercial premises\n\n- all premises the public have access to\n\n- the common areas of multi-occupied residential buildings\n\n## Shared premises\n\nIn shared premises it\u2019s likely there\u2019ll be more than one responsible person. You\u2019ll need to co-ordinate your fire safety plans to make sure people on or around the premises are safe.\n\nFor common or shared areas, the responsible person is the landlord, freeholder or managing agent.\n\n## Alterations, extensions and new buildings\n\nWhen building new premises or doing building work on existing premises, you must comply with building regulations. This includes designing fire safety into the proposed building or extension.\n\nRead the fire safety building regulations.\n\n## Penalties and enforcement\n\nYou could be fined or go to prison if you do not follow fire safety regulations.\n\nLocal fire and rescue authorities inspect premises and can issue fire safety notices telling you about changes you need to make.\n\n## Fire risk assessments\n\nAs the responsible person you must carry out and regularly review a fire risk assessment of the premises. This will identify what you need to do to prevent fire and keep people safe.\n\nYou must keep a written record of your fire risk assessment if your business has 5 or more people.\n\n## Carrying out the assessment\n\n- Identify the fire hazards.\n\n- Identify people at risk.\n\n- Evaluate, remove or reduce the risks.\n\n- Record your findings, prepare an emergency plan and provide training.\n\n- Review and update the fire risk assessment regularly.\n\nThe fire safety risk assessment chart gives more detailed information about these steps.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to consider:\n\n- emergency routes and exits\n\n- fire detection and warning systems\n\n- fire fighting equipment\n\n- the removal or safe storage of dangerous substances\n\n- an emergency fire evacuation plan\n\n- the needs of vulnerable people, for example the elderly, young children or those with disabilities\n\n- providing information to employees and other people on the premises\n\n- staff fire safety training\n\n## Help with the assessment\n\nYou can do the fire risk assessment yourself with the help of standard fire safety risk assessment guides.\n\nIf you do not have the expertise or time to do the fire risk assessment yourself you need to appoint a \u2018competent person\u2019 to help, for example a professional risk assessor.\n\nYour local fire and rescue authority might be able to give you advice if you\u2019re not sure your risk assessment\u2019s been carried out properly. However, they cannot carry out risk assessments for you.\n\n## Assessment guides\n\nYou can download the following guides on risk assessments in:\n\n- offices and shops\n\n- factories and warehouses\n\n- sleeping accommodation\n\n- residential care premises\n\n- educational premises\n\n- small and medium places of assembly (holding 300 people or less)\n\n- large places of assembly (holding more than 300 people)\n\n- theatres, cinemas and similar premises\n\n- open air events and venues\n\n- healthcare premises\n\n- animal premises and stables\n\n- transport premises and facilities\n\nYou can also find guidance on:\n\n- risk assessments if you work in construction\n\n- purpose-built blocks of flats and other types of housing if you\u2019re a landlord\n\n## Fire safety and evacuation plans\n\nYour plan must show how you have:\n\n- a clear passageway to all escape routes\n\n- clearly marked escape routes that are as short and direct as possible\n\n- enough exits and routes for all people to escape\n\n- emergency doors that open easily\n\n- emergency lighting where needed\n\n- training for all employees to know and use the escape routes\n\n- a safe meeting point for staff\n\n## People with mobility needs\n\nYou should also make special arrangements for people with mobility needs, for example make sure there are people to help wheelchair users get downstairs if there\u2019s a fire.\n\n## Fire safety equipment, drills and training\n\n## Fire detection and warning systems\n\nYou must have a fire detection and warning system. You may need different types of detectors, depending on the type of building and the work carried out in it.\n\n## Fire fighting equipment\n\nThe types of equipment you need depend on your business premises. You\u2019ll need to have any equipment properly installed, tested and maintained and train your staff to use them if necessary.\n\n## Maintenance and testing\n\nYou must carry out regular checks to make sure that:\n\n- all fire alarm systems are working\n\n- the emergency lighting is working\n\n- you record any faults in systems and equipment\n\n- all escape routes are clear and the floor is in good condition\n\n- all fire escapes can be opened easily\n\n- automatic fire doors close correctly\n\n- fire exit signs are in the right place\n\n## Fire drills and training\n\nYou need to train new staff when they start work and tell all employees about any new fire risks.\n\nYou should carry out at least one fire drill per year and record the results. You must keep the results as part of your fire safety and evacuation plan.\n\n## Enforcement, appeals and penalties\n\nYour local fire and rescue authority visits premises to check the fire risk assessment and fire prevention measures are appropriate. Fire safety officers should help you understand the rules and comply with them.\n\nThey can also take action if they think your fire safety measures are not adequate. For example, they might issue an informal notice suggesting safety measures.\n\nThey could also give you a formal fire safety notice. They\u2019ll tell you how to fix the problems described in the notice.\n\n## Alterations notice\n\nYou could get an alterations notice if your premises have high safety risks or will have high safety risks if the use of the premises changes.\n\n## Enforcement notice\n\nYou could get an enforcement notice if the fire and rescue authority finds a serious risk that\u2019s not being managed. It will say what improvements are needed by when.\n\n## Prohibition notice\n\nThese take effect immediately if the fire and rescue authority thinks the fire risk is so great that access to your premises needs to be prohibited or restricted.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou may be able to arrange an informal review from your fire and rescue authority if you disagree with the decision to issue a fire safety notice.\n\nYou can appeal to your local magistrates\u2019 court within 21 days of receiving a notice.\n\nIn certain circumstances, you and the fire and rescue authority can ask for a \u2018determination\u2019 from the Home Secretary to resolve a dispute.\n\n## Penalties\n\nYou could be fined or go to prison if you do not follow fire safety regulations.\n\nMinor penalties can be up to \u00a35,000. Major penalties can have unlimited fines and up to 2 years in prison.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Who's responsible

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for fire safety in business or other non-domestic premises if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an employer
    • ", + "
  • the owner
    • ", + "
  • the landlord
    • ", + "
  • an occupier
    • ", + "
  • anyone else with control of the premises, for example a facilities manager, building manager, managing agent or risk assessor
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re known as the \u2018responsible person\u2019. If there\u2019s more than one responsible person, you have to work together to meet your responsibilities.

    ", + "

    The Fire Safety Order also applies if you have paying guests, for example if you run a bed and breakfast, guesthouse or let a self-catering property.

    ", + "

    Fire safety rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Responsibilities

    ", + "

    As the responsible person you must:

    ", + "
  • carry out a fire risk assessment of the premises and review it regularly
    • ", + "
  • tell staff or their representatives about the risks you\u2019ve identified
    • ", + "
  • put in place, and maintain, appropriate fire safety measures
    • ", + "
  • plan for an emergency
    • ", + "
  • provide staff information, fire safety instruction and training
    • ", + "

    You can read about how to make sure your premises are safe from fire.

    ", + "

    Non-domestic premises

    ", + "

    Non-domestic premises are:

    ", + "
  • all workplaces and commercial premises
    • ", + "
  • all premises the public have access to
    • ", + "
  • the common areas of multi-occupied residential buildings
    • ", + "

    Shared premises

    ", + "

    In shared premises it\u2019s likely there\u2019ll be more than one responsible person. You\u2019ll need to co-ordinate your fire safety plans to make sure people on or around the premises are safe.

    ", + "

    For common or shared areas, the responsible person is the landlord, freeholder or managing agent.

    ", + "

    Alterations, extensions and new buildings

    ", + "

    When building new premises or doing building work on existing premises, you must comply with building regulations. This includes designing fire safety into the proposed building or extension.

    ", + "

    Read the fire safety building regulations.

    ", + "

    Penalties and enforcement

    ", + "

    You could be fined or go to prison if you do not follow fire safety regulations.

    ", + "

    Local fire and rescue authorities inspect premises and can issue fire safety notices telling you about changes you need to make.

    ", + "

    Fire risk assessments

    ", + "

    As the responsible person you must carry out and regularly review a fire risk assessment of the premises. This will identify what you need to do to prevent fire and keep people safe.

    ", + "

    You must keep a written record of your fire risk assessment if your business has 5 or more people.

    ", + "

    Carrying out the assessment

    ", + "
  • Identify the fire hazards.
    • ", + "
  • Identify people at risk.
    • ", + "
  • Evaluate, remove or reduce the risks.
    • ", + "
  • Record your findings, prepare an emergency plan and provide training.
    • ", + "
  • Review and update the fire risk assessment regularly.
    • ", + "

    The fire safety risk assessment chart gives more detailed information about these steps.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to consider:

    ", + "
  • emergency routes and exits
    • ", + "
  • fire detection and warning systems
    • ", + "
  • fire fighting equipment
    • ", + "
  • the removal or safe storage of dangerous substances
    • ", + "
  • an emergency fire evacuation plan
    • ", + "
  • the needs of vulnerable people, for example the elderly, young children or those with disabilities
    • ", + "
  • providing information to employees and other people on the premises
    • ", + "
  • staff fire safety training
    • ", + "

    Help with the assessment

    ", + "

    You can do the fire risk assessment yourself with the help of standard fire safety risk assessment guides.

    ", + "

    If you do not have the expertise or time to do the fire risk assessment yourself you need to appoint a \u2018competent person\u2019 to help, for example a professional risk assessor.

    ", + "

    Your local fire and rescue authority might be able to give you advice if you\u2019re not sure your risk assessment\u2019s been carried out properly. However, they cannot carry out risk assessments for you.

    ", + "

    Assessment guides

    ", + "

    You can download the following guides on risk assessments in:

    ", + "
  • offices and shops
    • ", + "
  • factories and warehouses
    • ", + "
  • sleeping accommodation
    • ", + "
  • residential care premises
    • ", + "
  • educational premises
    • ", + "
  • small and medium places of assembly (holding 300 people or less)
    • ", + "
  • large places of assembly (holding more than 300 people)
    • ", + "
  • theatres, cinemas and similar premises
    • ", + "
  • open air events and venues
    • ", + "
  • healthcare premises
    • ", + "
  • animal premises and stables
    • ", + "
  • transport premises and facilities
    • ", + "

    You can also find guidance on:

    ", + "
  • risk assessments if you work in construction
    • ", + "
  • purpose-built blocks of flats and other types of housing if you\u2019re a landlord
    • ", + "

    Fire safety and evacuation plans

    ", + "

    Your plan must show how you have:

    ", + "
  • a clear passageway to all escape routes
    • ", + "
  • clearly marked escape routes that are as short and direct as possible
    • ", + "
  • enough exits and routes for all people to escape
    • ", + "
  • emergency doors that open easily
    • ", + "
  • emergency lighting where needed
    • ", + "
  • training for all employees to know and use the escape routes
    • ", + "
  • a safe meeting point for staff
    • ", + "

    People with mobility needs

    ", + "

    You should also make special arrangements for people with mobility needs, for example make sure there are people to help wheelchair users get downstairs if there\u2019s a fire.

    ", + "

    Fire safety equipment, drills and training

    ", + "

    Fire detection and warning systems

    ", + "

    You must have a fire detection and warning system. You may need different types of detectors, depending on the type of building and the work carried out in it.

    ", + "

    Fire fighting equipment

    ", + "

    The types of equipment you need depend on your business premises. You\u2019ll need to have any equipment properly installed, tested and maintained and train your staff to use them if necessary.

    ", + "

    Maintenance and testing

    ", + "

    You must carry out regular checks to make sure that:

    ", + "
  • all fire alarm systems are working
    • ", + "
  • the emergency lighting is working
    • ", + "
  • you record any faults in systems and equipment
    • ", + "
  • all escape routes are clear and the floor is in good condition
    • ", + "
  • all fire escapes can be opened easily
    • ", + "
  • automatic fire doors close correctly
    • ", + "
  • fire exit signs are in the right place
    • ", + "

    Fire drills and training

    ", + "

    You need to train new staff when they start work and tell all employees about any new fire risks.

    ", + "

    You should carry out at least one fire drill per year and record the results. You must keep the results as part of your fire safety and evacuation plan.

    ", + "

    Enforcement, appeals and penalties

    ", + "

    Your local fire and rescue authority visits premises to check the fire risk assessment and fire prevention measures are appropriate. Fire safety officers should help you understand the rules and comply with them.

    ", + "

    They can also take action if they think your fire safety measures are not adequate. For example, they might issue an informal notice suggesting safety measures.

    ", + "

    They could also give you a formal fire safety notice. They\u2019ll tell you how to fix the problems described in the notice.

    ", + "

    Alterations notice

    ", + "

    You could get an alterations notice if your premises have high safety risks or will have high safety risks if the use of the premises changes.

    ", + "

    Enforcement notice

    ", + "

    You could get an enforcement notice if the fire and rescue authority finds a serious risk that\u2019s not being managed. It will say what improvements are needed by when.

    ", + "

    Prohibition notice

    ", + "

    These take effect immediately if the fire and rescue authority thinks the fire risk is so great that access to your premises needs to be prohibited or restricted.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You may be able to arrange an informal review from your fire and rescue authority if you disagree with the decision to issue a fire safety notice.

    ", + "

    You can appeal to your local magistrates\u2019 court within 21 days of receiving a notice.

    ", + "

    In certain circumstances, you and the fire and rescue authority can ask for a \u2018determination\u2019 from the Home Secretary to resolve a dispute.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    You could be fined or go to prison if you do not follow fire safety regulations.

    ", + "

    Minor penalties can be up to \u00a35,000. Major penalties can have unlimited fines and up to 2 years in prison.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permission-england-wales": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permission-england-wales", + "title": "Planning permission", + "content": "## When you need it\n\nYou\u2019ll probably need planning permission if you want to:\n\n- build something new\n\n- make a major change to your building, such as building an extension\n\n- change the use of your building\n\nTo find out if your project will need planning permission, contact your local planning authority (LPA) through your local council.\n\nFind out about the planning system in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Applying for planning permission\n\nTo apply for planning permission, contact your LPA through your local council.\n\nIf your project needs planning permission and you do the work without getting it, you can be served an \u2018enforcement notice\u2019 ordering you to undo all the changes you have made.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to ignore an enforcement notice, but you can appeal against it.\n\n## When you do not need it\n\nSome building projects do not need planning permission. This is known as \u2018permitted development rights\u2019.\n\nBuilding projects that normally have permitted development rights include:\n\n- industrial premises and warehouses\n\n- some outdoor signs and advertisements - though there are special rules around adverts\n\n- demolition - but before you begin you must get approval to demolish from your local planning authority (LPA) through your local council\n\nThere are other projects that might not need planning permission - for example, projects that will have no impact on your neighbours or the environment. If you think this could apply to your project, check with your LPA through your local council.\n\n## Community Rights in England\n\nIf your building project benefits the local community, and the community supports it, you may not have to go through the normal planning permission process. Neighbourhood planning lets your community grant planning permission directly under certain circumstances.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYour local planning authority (LPA) will decide whether to grant planning permission for your project based on its development plan. It will not take into account whether local people want it.\n\nTo decide whether a planning application fits with its development plan, an LPA will look at:\n\n- the number, size, layout, siting and external appearance of buildings\n\n- the infrastructure available, such as roads and water supply\n\n- any landscaping needs\n\n- what you want to use the development for\n\n- how your development would affect the surrounding area - for example, if it would create lots more traffic\n\nIn most cases, planning applications are decided within 8 weeks. In England, for unusually large or complex applications the time limit is 13 weeks. If the decision takes longer, you can appeal.\n\n## Appeals\n\nIf your application is refused, try to come to an agreement with the local planning authority (LPA) by adjusting your plans.\n\nIf you cannot reach an agreement, you can appeal.\n\nAppeals can take several months to be decided.\n\n## What you can appeal against\n\nYou can only appeal against a decision if the LPA:\n\n- refuses your application\n\n- grants permission but with conditions you object to\n\n- refuses to change or remove a condition of planning permission that has been granted with conditions\n\n- refuses to approve something reserved under an \u2018outline permission\u2019 \u2013 planning permission for a general idea, not of a specific plan\n\n- refuses to approve something that you were told to build by your LPA as part of a previous planning permission \u2013 the current development was one of the \u2018conditions\u2019 stated in the previous planning permission\n\n- does not make a decision on the application within the deadline and does not get your written consent to change the deadline\n\n- serves you with an enforcement notice because it thinks you have broken planning permission and you do not agree\n\nRead the guidance on the appeals process.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you need it

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll probably need planning permission if you want to:

    ", + "
  • build something new
    • ", + "
  • make a major change to your building, such as building an extension
    • ", + "
  • change the use of your building
    • ", + "

    To find out if your project will need planning permission, contact your local planning authority (LPA) through your local council.

    ", + "

    Find out about the planning system in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Applying for planning permission

    ", + "

    To apply for planning permission, contact your LPA through your local council.

    ", + "

    If your project needs planning permission and you do the work without getting it, you can be served an \u2018enforcement notice\u2019 ordering you to undo all the changes you have made.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to ignore an enforcement notice, but you can appeal against it.

    ", + "

    When you do not need it

    ", + "

    Some building projects do not need planning permission. This is known as \u2018permitted development rights\u2019.

    ", + "

    Building projects that normally have permitted development rights include:

    ", + "
  • industrial premises and warehouses
    • ", + "
  • some outdoor signs and advertisements - though there are special rules around adverts
    • ", + "
  • demolition - but before you begin you must get approval to demolish from your local planning authority (LPA) through your local council
    • ", + "

    There are other projects that might not need planning permission - for example, projects that will have no impact on your neighbours or the environment. If you think this could apply to your project, check with your LPA through your local council.

    ", + "

    Community Rights in England

    ", + "

    If your building project benefits the local community, and the community supports it, you may not have to go through the normal planning permission process. Neighbourhood planning lets your community grant planning permission directly under certain circumstances.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority (LPA) will decide whether to grant planning permission for your project based on its development plan. It will not take into account whether local people want it.

    ", + "

    To decide whether a planning application fits with its development plan, an LPA will look at:

    ", + "
  • the number, size, layout, siting and external appearance of buildings
    • ", + "
  • the infrastructure available, such as roads and water supply
    • ", + "
  • any landscaping needs
    • ", + "
  • what you want to use the development for
    • ", + "
  • how your development would affect the surrounding area - for example, if it would create lots more traffic
    • ", + "

    In most cases, planning applications are decided within 8 weeks. In England, for unusually large or complex applications the time limit is 13 weeks. If the decision takes longer, you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    If your application is refused, try to come to an agreement with the local planning authority (LPA) by adjusting your plans.

    ", + "

    If you cannot reach an agreement, you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Appeals can take several months to be decided.

    ", + "

    What you can appeal against

    ", + "

    You can only appeal against a decision if the LPA:

    ", + "
  • refuses your application
    • ", + "
  • grants permission but with conditions you object to
    • ", + "
  • refuses to change or remove a condition of planning permission that has been granted with conditions
    • ", + "
  • refuses to approve something reserved under an \u2018outline permission\u2019 \u2013 planning permission for a general idea, not of a specific plan
    • ", + "
  • refuses to approve something that you were told to build by your LPA as part of a previous planning permission \u2013 the current development was one of the \u2018conditions\u2019 stated in the previous planning permission
    • ", + "
  • does not make a decision on the application within the deadline and does not get your written consent to change the deadline
    • ", + "
  • serves you with an enforcement notice because it thinks you have broken planning permission and you do not agree
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on the appeals process.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/water-and-sewerage-rates-for-businesses": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/water-and-sewerage-rates-for-businesses", + "title": "Water and sewerage rates for businesses", + "content": "## Water\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay for any water your business uses, and for the drainage of water and effluent (liquid waste) from your premises.\n\nOfwat regulates the water industry in England and Wales. There are different regulators in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be charged\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged either:\n\n- for the water you use, plus a set charge (if you\u2019ve got a meter)\n\n- a set amount, usually based on the value of your property\n\nYour business could be eligible for a large user tariff, meaning your water might be cheaper. This is because it often costs less to supply larger businesses.\n\n## Sewerage and effluent\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged for any \u2018foul sewerage\u2019 (such as wastewater from a toilet or kitchen) and drainage from your property. The amount you pay is usually linked to how much water you use.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay for any effluent (liquid waste) you produce. Effluent is water contaminated with things like:\n\n- fats, oils and grease\n\n- chemicals\n\n- food waste\n\nThe amount your water supplier will charge is usually based on the amount and strength of the effluent before it reaches the sewer.\n\nSewerage charges can either appear on your water bill or your effluent bill, depending on your supplier.\n\n## Choosing a supplier\n\nYou may be able to choose your water and sewerage service provider depending on where your business is.\n\nIn England and Wales you can check with Ofwat whether you can choose your own supplier.\n\nIn Scotland choose your supplier from the Water Commission\u2019s list of suppliers.\n\nIn Northern Ireland you can\u2019t choose your own supplier - water is supplied by Northern Ireland Water.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Water

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay for any water your business uses, and for the drainage of water and effluent (liquid waste) from your premises.

    ", + "

    Ofwat regulates the water industry in England and Wales. There are different regulators in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019ll be charged

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged either:

    ", + "
  • for the water you use, plus a set charge (if you\u2019ve got a meter)
    • ", + "
  • a set amount, usually based on the value of your property
    • ", + "

    Your business could be eligible for a large user tariff, meaning your water might be cheaper. This is because it often costs less to supply larger businesses.

    ", + "

    Sewerage and effluent

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged for any \u2018foul sewerage\u2019 (such as wastewater from a toilet or kitchen) and drainage from your property. The amount you pay is usually linked to how much water you use.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay for any effluent (liquid waste) you produce. Effluent is water contaminated with things like:

    ", + "
  • fats, oils and grease
    • ", + "
  • chemicals
    • ", + "
  • food waste
    • ", + "

    The amount your water supplier will charge is usually based on the amount and strength of the effluent before it reaches the sewer.

    ", + "

    Sewerage charges can either appear on your water bill or your effluent bill, depending on your supplier.

    ", + "

    Choosing a supplier

    ", + "

    You may be able to choose your water and sewerage service provider depending on where your business is.

    ", + "

    In England and Wales you can check with Ofwat whether you can choose your own supplier.

    ", + "

    In Scotland choose your supplier from the Water Commission\u2019s list of suppliers.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland you can\u2019t choose your own supplier - water is supplied by Northern Ireland Water.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/food-labelling-and-packaging": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-labelling-and-packaging", + "title": "Food labelling and packaging", + "content": "## Overview\n\nTo sell food and drink products, the label must be:\n\n- clear and easy to read\n\n- permanent\n\n- easy to understand\n\n- easily visible\n\n- not misleading\n\nYou must show certain basic information and list the ingredients. You might also have to show certain warnings.\n\nThere are special regulations for labelling wine.\n\n## Products sold loose or in catering businesses\n\nIf you run a catering business, you sell food loose or package it for sale in your shop, you only need to show:\n\n- the name of the food\n\n- if any of the ingredients have been irradiated, or have come from genetically modified sources\n\n- certain warnings\n\n- any food additive you have added\n\n- allergen information\n\nYou must show more information if you sell meat products loose.\n\n## Packaging\n\nIf you package food yourself, you must use packaging that\u2019s suitable for food use. Suitable packaging is marked \u2018for food contact\u2019 or has a symbol on it that looks like a wine glass and a fork.\n\nThere are special rules for using plastics, ceramics or cellophane for packaging. You must have written evidence that you\u2019ve kept to them.\n\nThis is known as a \u2018declaration of compliance\u2019 and you can get it from your packaging supplier. You also have to get one if you buy food that\u2019s already packaged for sale in any of those materials.\n\nRead the national legislation on food contact materials for England, Northern Ireland, Wales or Scotland.\n\n## Food assurance schemes\n\nYou could also join voluntary food assurance schemes such as Red Tractor or Lion Eggs. These schemes let customers know food has been produced to certain standards, for example on food safety or animal welfare.\n\n## Food labelling - what you must show\n\nYou must show the following information:\n\n- the name of the food\n\n- a \u2018best before\u2019 or \u2018use by\u2019 date\n\n- any necessary warnings\n\n- net quantity information\n\n- a list of ingredients (if there is more than 1)\n\n- the country or place of origin, if required\n\n- the lot number or use-by date\n\n- any special storage conditions\n\n- instructions for use or cooking, if necessary\n\nIf you\u2019re selling food in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland), you must also include the name and address of the UK or EU business responsible for the information on the food. If the business is not in the UK or EU, you must include the name and address of the importer.\n\nIf you\u2019re selling food in Northern Ireland, you must include the name and address of the Northern Irish or EU business responsible for the information on the food. If the business is not in Northern Ireland or the EU, you must include the name and address of the importer.\n\nCheck if there are other food labelling standards you must follow.\n\n## Quantity information\n\nYou must put the net quantity in grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres on the label of:\n\n- packaged food over 5g or 5ml\n\n- packaged herbs and spices\n\nSolid foods packed in a liquid (or an ice glaze) must show the drained net weight.\n\nThe net quantity must be close enough to the name of the food that you can see all this information at the same time. This also applies to the alcoholic strength for alcoholic drinks.\n\nYou do not have to show the weight or volume on foods sold by number, for example 2 bread rolls, provided that you can clearly see the number of items inside the packaging.\n\nRead more guidance on quantity labelling.\n\n## Information you may have to show\n\nYou must also show these if they apply to your product:\n\n- a warning for drinks with an alcohol content above 1.2%\n\n- a warning if the product contains GM ingredients, unless their presence is accidental and 0.9% or less\n\n- a warning if the product has been irradiated\n\n- the words \u2018packaged in a protective atmosphere\u2019 if the food is packaged using a packaging gas\n\n## Country or place of origin\n\nYou must show the country or place of origin for:\n\n- beef, veal, lamb, mutton, pork, goat and poultry\n\n- fish and shellfish\n\n- honey\n\n- olive oil\n\n- wine\n\n- fruit and vegetables\n\nYou can label certain food from EU countries and Northern Ireland as \u2018origin EU\u2019. Food from and sold in Great Britain can be labelled as \u2018origin EU\u2019 until 30 September 2022. Check the rules for when to label meat, fish and shellfish with their country of origin.\n\nYou must also show the country of origin if customers might be misled without this information, for example if the label for a pizza shows the leaning tower of Pisa but the pizza is made in the UK.\n\nIf the primary ingredient in the food comes from somewhere different from where the product says it was made, the label must show this. For example, a pork pie labelled \u2018British\u2019 that\u2019s produced in the UK with pork from Denmark, must state \u2018with pork from Denmark\u2019 or \u2018made with pork from outside the UK\u2019.\n\n## Special rules for some products\n\nThere are special rules about what you have to show on the label if you supply any of the following:\n\n- bottled water\n\n- bread and flour\n\n- cocoa and chocolate products\n\n- fats and oils\n\n- fish\n\n- fruit juices and nectars\n\n- honey\n\n- jams and preserves\n\n- meat and meat products\n\n- milk and milk products\n\n- soluble coffee\n\n- sugar\n\n## Ingredients list\n\nIf your food or drink product has 2 or more ingredients (including any additives), you must list them all. Ingredients must be listed in order of weight, with the main ingredient first.\n\n## Ingredient quantities\n\nYou also have to show the percentage of an ingredient if it is:\n\n- highlighted by the labelling or a picture on a package, for example \u2018extra cheese\u2019\n\n- mentioned in the name of the product, for example \u2018cheese and onion pasty\u2019\n\n- normally connected with the name by the consumer, for example fruit in a summer pudding\n\n## Allergens\n\nYou must highlight allergens on the label using a different font, style or background colour. You must also list them in the ingredients.\n\nThe allergens you need to highlight and list are:\n\n- celery\n\n- cereals containing gluten - including wheat, rye, barley and oats\n\n- crustaceans - including prawns, crab and lobster\n\n- eggs\n\n- fish\n\n- lupin\n\n- milk\n\n- molluscs - including squid, mussels, cockles, whelks and snails\n\n- mustard\n\n- nuts\n\n- peanuts\n\n- sesame seeds\n\n- soya beans\n\n- sulphur dioxide or sulphites at levels above 10mg per kilogram or per litre\n\n## Food and drink warnings\n\nYou must show an appropriate warning on the label if your food contains certain ingredients.\n\n| Ingredient | Wording you must use |\n\n| Allura red (E129) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Aspartame | \u2018Contains a source of phenylalanine\u2019 |\n\n| Caffeine over 150 mg/l | \u2018Not suitable for children, pregnant women and persons sensitive to caffeine\u2019 |\n\n| Carmoisine (E122) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Liquorice | \u2018Contains liquorice\u2019 (you may need extra wording for confectionery or alcohol containing liquorice) |\n\n| Polyols | \u2018Excessive consumption may cause a laxative effect\u2019 |\n\n| Ponceau 4R (E124) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Quinoline yellow (E104) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Raw milk | \u2018This milk has not been heat-treated and may therefore contain organisms harmful to health\u2019 |\n\n| Skimmed milk with non-milk fat | There\u2019s no fixed wording, but you must show a warning that the product is unfit or not to be used for babies. |\n\n| Sulphur dioxide over 10mg/l | \u2018Contains sulphur dioxide (or sulphites/sulfites)\u2019 |\n\n| Sunset yellow (E110) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Sweeteners | \u2018With sweetener(s)\u2019 |\n\n| Sweeteners and sugar | \u2018With sugar and sweetener(s)\u2019 |\n\n| Tartrazine (E102) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n## Nutrition, health claims and supplement labelling\n\n## Nutrition labelling\n\nYou must follow nutrition labelling information rules for all pre-packed products unless both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a small business with under 10 employees and a turnover of less than \u00a31.4 million\n\n- you supply either direct to consumers or to local retailers - local means within your county, your neighbouring county, or up to 30 miles from your county boundary\n\n## Nutrition and health claims\n\nYou have to follow certain rules if you want to make a nutrition claim (for example, low fat) or a health claim (for example, calcium helps maintain normal bones).\n\nYou cannot claim or imply that food can treat, prevent or cure any disease or medical condition.\n\n## Food supplements, fortified foods and foods for specific nutritional uses\n\nYou must follow certain rules if you are manufacturing, selling or importing:\n\n- a food supplement\n\n- a food fortified with vitamins and minerals\n\nThere are also specific rules for \u2018parnuts foods\u2019, for example:\n\n- formula milk for infants and young children\n\n- baby food\n\n- meal and total diet replacement for weight control\n\n- medical foods\n\nYou must tell the Department for Health if you want to sell infant formula or medical food in the UK.\n\n## Organic food\n\nIf you\u2019re a retailer, you can label products \u2018organic\u2019 as long as:\n\n- at least 95% of the farm-grown ingredients are organic\n\n- you sell direct to customers in your shop\n\n## Organic certification\n\nYou must be certified by one of the organic control bodies if you produce or prepare organic food and you want to sell or label it as organic.\n\nYou can decide which body to register with based on your location and needs.\n\nOnce registered you\u2019ll have to:\n\n- follow a strict set of guidelines laid down by national and international law\n\n- keep thorough and accurate records of production processes\n\n- allow annual and random inspections\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to follow the rules for labelling organic products.\n\nYou can check how food labelling rules are enforced.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    To sell food and drink products, the label must be:

    ", + "
  • clear and easy to read
    • ", + "
  • permanent
    • ", + "
  • easy to understand
    • ", + "
  • easily visible
    • ", + "
  • not misleading
    • ", + "

    You must show certain basic information and list the ingredients. You might also have to show certain warnings.

    ", + "

    There are special regulations for labelling wine.

    ", + "

    Products sold loose or in catering businesses

    ", + "

    If you run a catering business, you sell food loose or package it for sale in your shop, you only need to show:

    ", + "
  • the name of the food
    • ", + "
  • if any of the ingredients have been irradiated, or have come from genetically modified sources
    • ", + "
  • certain warnings
    • ", + "
  • any food additive you have added
    • ", + "
  • allergen information
    • ", + "

    You must show more information if you sell meat products loose.

    ", + "

    Packaging

    ", + "

    If you package food yourself, you must use packaging that\u2019s suitable for food use. Suitable packaging is marked \u2018for food contact\u2019 or has a symbol on it that looks like a wine glass and a fork.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for using plastics, ceramics or cellophane for packaging. You must have written evidence that you\u2019ve kept to them.

    ", + "

    This is known as a \u2018declaration of compliance\u2019 and you can get it from your packaging supplier. You also have to get one if you buy food that\u2019s already packaged for sale in any of those materials.

    ", + "

    Read the national legislation on food contact materials for England, Northern Ireland, Wales or Scotland.

    ", + "

    Food assurance schemes

    ", + "

    You could also join voluntary food assurance schemes such as Red Tractor or Lion Eggs. These schemes let customers know food has been produced to certain standards, for example on food safety or animal welfare.

    ", + "

    Food labelling - what you must show

    ", + "

    You must show the following information:

    ", + "
  • the name of the food
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018best before\u2019 or \u2018use by\u2019 date
    • ", + "
  • any necessary warnings
    • ", + "
  • net quantity information
    • ", + "
  • a list of ingredients (if there is more than 1)
    • ", + "
  • the country or place of origin, if required
    • ", + "
  • the lot number or use-by date
    • ", + "
  • any special storage conditions
    • ", + "
  • instructions for use or cooking, if necessary
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling food in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland), you must also include the name and address of the UK or EU business responsible for the information on the food. If the business is not in the UK or EU, you must include the name and address of the importer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling food in Northern Ireland, you must include the name and address of the Northern Irish or EU business responsible for the information on the food. If the business is not in Northern Ireland or the EU, you must include the name and address of the importer.

    ", + "

    Check if there are other food labelling standards you must follow.

    ", + "

    Quantity information

    ", + "

    You must put the net quantity in grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres on the label of:

    ", + "
  • packaged food over 5g or 5ml
    • ", + "
  • packaged herbs and spices
    • ", + "

    Solid foods packed in a liquid (or an ice glaze) must show the drained net weight.

    ", + "

    The net quantity must be close enough to the name of the food that you can see all this information at the same time. This also applies to the alcoholic strength for alcoholic drinks.

    ", + "

    You do not have to show the weight or volume on foods sold by number, for example 2 bread rolls, provided that you can clearly see the number of items inside the packaging.

    ", + "

    Read more guidance on quantity labelling.

    ", + "

    Information you may have to show

    ", + "

    You must also show these if they apply to your product:

    ", + "
  • a warning for drinks with an alcohol content above 1.2%
    • ", + "
  • a warning if the product contains GM ingredients, unless their presence is accidental and 0.9% or less
    • ", + "
  • a warning if the product has been irradiated
    • ", + "
  • the words \u2018packaged in a protective atmosphere\u2019 if the food is packaged using a packaging gas
    • ", + "

    Country or place of origin

    ", + "

    You must show the country or place of origin for:

    ", + "
  • beef, veal, lamb, mutton, pork, goat and poultry
    • ", + "
  • fish and shellfish
    • ", + "
  • honey
    • ", + "
  • olive oil
    • ", + "
  • wine
    • ", + "
  • fruit and vegetables
    • ", + "

    You can label certain food from EU countries and Northern Ireland as \u2018origin EU\u2019. Food from and sold in Great Britain can be labelled as \u2018origin EU\u2019 until 30 September 2022. Check the rules for when to label meat, fish and shellfish with their country of origin.

    ", + "

    You must also show the country of origin if customers might be misled without this information, for example if the label for a pizza shows the leaning tower of Pisa but the pizza is made in the UK.

    ", + "

    If the primary ingredient in the food comes from somewhere different from where the product says it was made, the label must show this. For example, a pork pie labelled \u2018British\u2019 that\u2019s produced in the UK with pork from Denmark, must state \u2018with pork from Denmark\u2019 or \u2018made with pork from outside the UK\u2019.

    ", + "

    Special rules for some products

    ", + "

    There are special rules about what you have to show on the label if you supply any of the following:

    ", + "
  • bottled water
    • ", + "
  • bread and flour
    • ", + "
  • cocoa and chocolate products
    • ", + "
  • fats and oils
    • ", + "
  • fish
    • ", + "
  • fruit juices and nectars
    • ", + "
  • honey
    • ", + "
  • jams and preserves
    • ", + "
  • meat and meat products
    • ", + "
  • milk and milk products
    • ", + "
  • soluble coffee
    • ", + "
  • sugar
    • ", + "

    Ingredients list

    ", + "

    If your food or drink product has 2 or more ingredients (including any additives), you must list them all. Ingredients must be listed in order of weight, with the main ingredient first.

    ", + "

    Ingredient quantities

    ", + "

    You also have to show the percentage of an ingredient if it is:

    ", + "
  • highlighted by the labelling or a picture on a package, for example \u2018extra cheese\u2019
    • ", + "
  • mentioned in the name of the product, for example \u2018cheese and onion pasty\u2019
    • ", + "
  • normally connected with the name by the consumer, for example fruit in a summer pudding
    • ", + "

    Allergens

    ", + "

    You must highlight allergens on the label using a different font, style or background colour. You must also list them in the ingredients.

    ", + "

    The allergens you need to highlight and list are:

    ", + "
  • celery
    • ", + "
  • cereals containing gluten - including wheat, rye, barley and oats
    • ", + "
  • crustaceans - including prawns, crab and lobster
    • ", + "
  • eggs
    • ", + "
  • fish
    • ", + "
  • lupin
    • ", + "
  • milk
    • ", + "
  • molluscs - including squid, mussels, cockles, whelks and snails
    • ", + "
  • mustard
    • ", + "
  • nuts
    • ", + "
  • peanuts
    • ", + "
  • sesame seeds
    • ", + "
  • soya beans
    • ", + "
  • sulphur dioxide or sulphites at levels above 10mg per kilogram or per litre
    • ", + "

    Food and drink warnings

    ", + "

    You must show an appropriate warning on the label if your food contains certain ingredients.

    ", + "Ingredient | Wording you must use", + "Allura red (E129) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019", + "Aspartame | \u2018Contains a source of phenylalanine\u2019", + "Caffeine over 150 mg/l | \u2018Not suitable for children, pregnant women and persons sensitive to caffeine\u2019", + "Carmoisine (E122) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019", + "Liquorice | \u2018Contains liquorice\u2019 (you may need extra wording for confectionery or alcohol containing liquorice)", + "Polyols | \u2018Excessive consumption may cause a laxative effect\u2019", + "Ponceau 4R (E124) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019", + "Quinoline yellow (E104) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019", + "Raw milk | \u2018This milk has not been heat-treated and may therefore contain organisms harmful to health\u2019", + "Skimmed milk with non-milk fat | There\u2019s no fixed wording, but you must show a warning that the product is unfit or not to be used for babies.", + "Sulphur dioxide over 10mg/l | \u2018Contains sulphur dioxide (or sulphites/sulfites)\u2019", + "Sunset yellow (E110) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019", + "Sweeteners | \u2018With sweetener(s)\u2019", + "Sweeteners and sugar | \u2018With sugar and sweetener(s)\u2019", + "Tartrazine (E102) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019", + "

    Nutrition, health claims and supplement labelling

    ", + "

    Nutrition labelling

    ", + "

    You must follow nutrition labelling information rules for all pre-packed products unless both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a small business with under 10 employees and a turnover of less than \u00a31.4 million
    • ", + "
  • you supply either direct to consumers or to local retailers - local means within your county, your neighbouring county, or up to 30 miles from your county boundary
    • ", + "

    Nutrition and health claims

    ", + "

    You have to follow certain rules if you want to make a nutrition claim (for example, low fat) or a health claim (for example, calcium helps maintain normal bones).

    ", + "

    You cannot claim or imply that food can treat, prevent or cure any disease or medical condition.

    ", + "

    Food supplements, fortified foods and foods for specific nutritional uses

    ", + "

    You must follow certain rules if you are manufacturing, selling or importing:

    ", + "
  • a food supplement
    • ", + "
  • a food fortified with vitamins and minerals
    • ", + "

    There are also specific rules for \u2018parnuts foods\u2019, for example:

    ", + "
  • formula milk for infants and young children
    • ", + "
  • baby food
    • ", + "
  • meal and total diet replacement for weight control
    • ", + "
  • medical foods
    • ", + "

    You must tell the Department for Health if you want to sell infant formula or medical food in the UK.

    ", + "

    Organic food

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a retailer, you can label products \u2018organic\u2019 as long as:

    ", + "
  • at least 95% of the farm-grown ingredients are organic
    • ", + "
  • you sell direct to customers in your shop
    • ", + "

    Organic certification

    ", + "

    You must be certified by one of the organic control bodies if you produce or prepare organic food and you want to sell or label it as organic.

    ", + "

    You can decide which body to register with based on your location and needs.

    ", + "

    Once registered you\u2019ll have to:

    ", + "
  • follow a strict set of guidelines laid down by national and international law
    • ", + "
  • keep thorough and accurate records of production processes
    • ", + "
  • allow annual and random inspections
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to follow the rules for labelling organic products.

    ", + "

    You can check how food labelling rules are enforced.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/food-safety-your-responsibilities": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-safety-your-responsibilities", + "title": "Food safety - your responsibilities", + "content": "## Food safety\n\nIf your business deals in food you must:\n\n- make sure food is safe to eat\n\n- make sure you don\u2019t add, remove or treat food in a way that makes it harmful to eat\n\n- make sure the food is the same quality that you say it is\n\n- make sure you don\u2019t mislead people by the way food is labelled, advertised or marketed\n\n- keep records on where you got food from and show this information on demand - known as \u2018traceability\u2019 (PDF, 90KB)\n\n- withdraw unsafe food and complete an incident report\n\n- tell people why food has been withdrawn or recalled, for example by using a leaflet or poster\n\n- display your food hygiene rating (if you sell food direct to the public)\n\n## Food additives\n\nIf you use an additive in food you must:\n\n- only use an approved additive\n\n- only use it if it is approved for use in that food\n\nThe food additive must not exceed the maximum permitted level.\n\n## Food hygiene\n\nPart of complying with food safety is managing food hygiene.\n\n## Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan\n\nYou usually have to write a plan based on the HACCP principles if you run a food business. This keeps your food safe from biological, chemical and physical safety hazards.\n\n## Food contact materials\n\nMaterials and packaging that can be reasonably expected to come into contact with food are called \u2018food contact materials\u2019. These can include:\n\n- packaging\n\n- food processing equipment\n\n- cookware\n\n- work surfaces\n\n## To keep food safe for consumption:\n\n- make sure food contact materials don\u2019t transfer anything to food they touch\n\n- make sure food contact materials don\u2019t change the food they touch\n\n- when inspected, be able to show where the food contact materials came from\n\n## Bacteria and food poisoning\n\nTo keep food safe from bacteria, you should follow HACCP. Bacteria that cause serious health problems are:\n\n- E.coli O157 and campylobacter\n\n- salmonella, especially with the storage and handling of eggs\n\n## Food hygiene training\n\nEmployers are responsible for staff hygiene training. It can be either a formal programme or informal training, such as on the job training or self study.\n\n## Food allergies\n\nIf you are a food retailer or caterer you need to manage food allergies when preparing and selling food.\n\n## Food inspections\n\nYou can be inspected by your local council at any point in the food production and distribution process. All inspectors must follow the Food Law Code of Practice. Usually, you won\u2019t be told an inspection is going to happen.\n\nHow often you\u2019re inspected depends on the risk your business poses to public health. You might not be inspected as often if you\u2019re a member of a recognised assurance scheme. You can search for a registered assurance scheme online.\n\nIf you\u2019re a food retailer or caterer you will be inspected on a more regular basis to make sure you comply with food safety laws.\n\nYour premises, food, records and procedures can be inspected. Food samples can be taken as well as photographed.\n\nFind your local council enforcement officers.\n\n## After the inspection\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter confirming any improvements you need to make and by when. Usually, you\u2019re responsible for confirming these\nimprovements have been made.\n\nFor serious food safety problems you may be sent a \u2018notice\u2019. The notice can include banning you from using certain equipment or processes until improvements have been made. Your business will be revisited to make sure you have followed the improvements in the notice. Example notices include a:\n\n- Hygiene Improvement Notice\n\n- Hygiene Emergency Prohibition Notices - banning you from using certain equipment or following certain processes\n\n## Appeals\n\nYour letter or notice should tell you how you can appeal a decision by an inspector.\n\n## Report a food safety incident\n\nYou must tell the Food Standards Agency (FSA) if you think any food your business:\n\n- has sold is unsafe\n\n- has is unsafe\n\nThe FSA will tell you if the food must be withdrawn and customers asked to return it.\n\nSubmit a food safety incident report.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Food safety

    ", + "

    If your business deals in food you must:

    ", + "
  • make sure food is safe to eat
    • ", + "
  • make sure you don\u2019t add, remove or treat food in a way that makes it harmful to eat
    • ", + "
  • make sure the food is the same quality that you say it is
    • ", + "
  • make sure you don\u2019t mislead people by the way food is labelled, advertised or marketed
    • ", + "
  • keep records on where you got food from and show this information on demand - known as \u2018traceability\u2019 (PDF, 90KB)
    • ", + "
  • withdraw unsafe food and complete an incident report
    • ", + "
  • tell people why food has been withdrawn or recalled, for example by using a leaflet or poster
    • ", + "
  • display your food hygiene rating (if you sell food direct to the public)
    • ", + "

    Food additives

    ", + "

    If you use an additive in food you must:

    ", + "
  • only use an approved additive
    • ", + "
  • only use it if it is approved for use in that food
    • ", + "

    The food additive must not exceed the maximum permitted level.

    ", + "

    Food hygiene

    ", + "

    Part of complying with food safety is managing food hygiene.

    ", + "

    Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan

    ", + "

    You usually have to write a plan based on the HACCP principles if you run a food business. This keeps your food safe from biological, chemical and physical safety hazards.

    ", + "

    Food contact materials

    ", + "

    Materials and packaging that can be reasonably expected to come into contact with food are called \u2018food contact materials\u2019. These can include:

    ", + "
  • packaging
    • ", + "
  • food processing equipment
    • ", + "
  • cookware
    • ", + "
  • work surfaces
    • ", + "

    To keep food safe for consumption:

    ", + "
  • make sure food contact materials don\u2019t transfer anything to food they touch
    • ", + "
  • make sure food contact materials don\u2019t change the food they touch
    • ", + "
  • when inspected, be able to show where the food contact materials came from
    • ", + "

    Bacteria and food poisoning

    ", + "

    To keep food safe from bacteria, you should follow HACCP. Bacteria that cause serious health problems are:

    ", + "
  • E.coli O157 and campylobacter
    • ", + "
  • salmonella, especially with the storage and handling of eggs
    • ", + "

    Food hygiene training

    ", + "

    Employers are responsible for staff hygiene training. It can be either a formal programme or informal training, such as on the job training or self study.

    ", + "

    Food allergies

    ", + "

    If you are a food retailer or caterer you need to manage food allergies when preparing and selling food.

    ", + "

    Food inspections

    ", + "

    You can be inspected by your local council at any point in the food production and distribution process. All inspectors must follow the Food Law Code of Practice. Usually, you won\u2019t be told an inspection is going to happen.

    ", + "

    How often you\u2019re inspected depends on the risk your business poses to public health. You might not be inspected as often if you\u2019re a member of a recognised assurance scheme. You can search for a registered assurance scheme online.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a food retailer or caterer you will be inspected on a more regular basis to make sure you comply with food safety laws.

    ", + "

    Your premises, food, records and procedures can be inspected. Food samples can be taken as well as photographed.

    ", + "

    Find your local council enforcement officers.

    ", + "

    After the inspection

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a letter confirming any improvements you need to make and by when. Usually, you\u2019re responsible for confirming these\nimprovements have been made.

    ", + "

    For serious food safety problems you may be sent a \u2018notice\u2019. The notice can include banning you from using certain equipment or processes until improvements have been made. Your business will be revisited to make sure you have followed the improvements in the notice. Example notices include a:

    ", + "
  • Hygiene Improvement Notice
    • ", + "
  • Hygiene Emergency Prohibition Notices - banning you from using certain equipment or following certain processes
    • ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    Your letter or notice should tell you how you can appeal a decision by an inspector.

    ", + "

    Report a food safety incident

    ", + "

    You must tell the Food Standards Agency (FSA) if you think any food your business:

    ", + "
  • has sold is unsafe
    • ", + "
  • has is unsafe
    • ", + "

    The FSA will tell you if the food must be withdrawn and customers asked to return it.

    ", + "

    Submit a food safety incident report.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/eori": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/eori", + "title": "Get an EORI number", + "content": "## Who needs an EORI\n\nYou may need an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) if you move goods:\n\n- between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or the Isle of Man and any other country (including the EU)\n\n- between Great Britain and Northern Ireland\n\n- between Great Britain and the Channel Islands\n\n- between Northern Ireland and countries outside the EU\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nTo get an EORI number, your business usually needs to have premises based in the country you want to import to or export from - this is called \u2018being established\u2019. Your premises will need to be either a:\n\n- registered office\n\n- central headquarters\n\n- permanent business establishment - premises where some of your customs-related activities are taking place and your HR and technical resources are permanently located\n\nYou do not need an EORI number if you\u2019re moving goods for personal use only.\n\n## If your business is not based in the country you\u2019re moving goods to or from\n\nYou should still get an EORI number if you\u2019re:\n\n- making a customs declaration - check if you\u2019re eligible to make a customs declaration\n\n- making an entry summary declaration\n\n- making an exit summary declaration\n\n- making a temporary storage declaration\n\n- making a customs declaration for temporary admission or re-export declaration where you have a guarantee\n\n- acting as a carrier for transporting goods by sea, inland waterway or air\n\n- acting as a carrier connected to the customs system and you want to get notifications regarding the lodging or amendment of entry summary declarations\n\n- established in a common transit country where the declaration is lodged instead of an entry summary declaration or is used as a pre-departure declaration\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible to apply for an EORI number yourself, you\u2019ll need to appoint someone to deal with customs on your behalf. The person you appoint will need to get the EORI number instead of you.\n\nIf you\u2019re based in the Channel Islands and you move goods to or from the UK, you do not need an EORI number. You\u2019ll need an EORI number if you use HMRC\u2019s customs systems like Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF).\n\n## When you\u2019ll need your EORI number\n\nYou\u2019ll need your EORI number if you:\n\n- appoint someone to deal with customs for you and are \u2018established\u2019 in the country you\u2019re importing to or exporting from\n\n- make customs declarations\n\n- use customs systems, such as the CHIEF system\nand the Import Control System Northern Ireland (ICS NI)\n\n- apply for a customs decision\n\n## Check which EORI number you need\n\nWhich type of EORI number you need and where you get it from depends on where you\u2019re moving goods to and from. You may need more than one.\n\nIf you do not have the right EORI number, you may have delays at customs and increased costs, for example your goods may have to be stored until you get an EORI.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving goods to or from Great Britain\n\nIf you move goods to or from Great Britain you must get an EORI number that starts with GB. If you already have an EORI number and it does not start with GB, you must apply for a GB EORI number.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving goods to or from Northern Ireland\n\nYou may also need an EORI number starting with XI if you move goods to or from Northern Ireland.\n\nYou do not need an EORI number starting with XI if you already have an EORI number from an EU country.\n\n## If your business will be making declarations or getting a customs decision in the EU\n\nYou may need an EU EORI number from an EU country. Contact the customs authority in an EU country to get an EORI number. You do not need an EORI number from an EU country if you already have an EORI number starting with XI.\n\n## If you move goods to or from Northern Ireland\n\nYou must have an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) that starts with XI if you:\n\n- move goods into Northern Ireland from Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales)\n\n- move goods from Northern Ireland to another non-EU country\n\n- make a declaration in Northern Ireland\n\n- apply for a customs decision in Northern Ireland\n\nYou only need to declare certain goods you move from Northern Ireland to Great Britain. Check if you need to make an export declaration and will need an EORI number that starts with XI.\n\nOnly people or organisations based in Northern Ireland or the EU can be named as the \u2018declarant\u2019 on import and export declarations made in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou do not need an EORI number if you only move goods on the island of Ireland or between an EU country and Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you already have an EU EORI number you do not need to apply for an XI EORI number.\n\nFind out how to apply for an XI EORI number.\n\n## Get help and advice if you move goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland\n\nSign up for the Trader Support Service to get advice on EORI numbers and moving goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland.\n\nFind more guidance on moving goods to and from Northern Ireland.\n\n## Apply for an EORI number\n\n## Apply for an EORI number that starts with GB\n\nTo apply for an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) you need your:\n\n- Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - find your UTR if you do not know it\n\n- business start date and Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code - these are in the Companies House register\n\n- Government Gateway user ID and password\n\n- VAT number and effective date of registration (if you\u2019re VAT registered) - these are on your VAT registration certificate\n\n- National Insurance number - if you\u2019re an individual or a sole trader\n\nIf you do not already have a Government Gateway user ID, you\u2019ll be able to create one when you apply.\n\nApply for a GB EORI number\n\nYou\u2019ll get your GB EORI number immediately unless HMRC needs to make any checks on your application. If they do, it can take up to 5 working days.\n\n## Apply for an EORI number that starts with XI\n\nBefore you apply, check you\u2019re eligible for an XI EORI number.\n\nYou must have applied for a GB EORI number before you can get an XI EORI number.\n\nOnce you have your GB EORI number then fill in an enquiry form, making sure you:\n\n- tick the box to say you will be trading with Northern Ireland or are based in Northern Ireland\n\n- tick the box saying your enquiry is a \u201cQuery regarding a current EORI number application\u201d\n\nYou\u2019ll get your XI EORI within 4 days.\n\n## Get help with an EORI number\n\nYou can check the status of an application you have already made.\n\nFill in an enquiry form if you have forgotten your EORI number, your details have changed or you have a question about your application.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Who needs an EORI

    ", + "

    You may need an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) if you move goods:

    ", + "
  • between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or the Isle of Man and any other country (including the EU)
    • ", + "
  • between Great Britain and Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • between Great Britain and the Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • between Northern Ireland and countries outside the EU
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    To get an EORI number, your business usually needs to have premises based in the country you want to import to or export from - this is called \u2018being established\u2019. Your premises will need to be either a:

    ", + "
  • registered office
    • ", + "
  • central headquarters
    • ", + "
  • permanent business establishment - premises where some of your customs-related activities are taking place and your HR and technical resources are permanently located
    • ", + "

    You do not need an EORI number if you\u2019re moving goods for personal use only.

    ", + "

    If your business is not based in the country you\u2019re moving goods to or from

    ", + "

    You should still get an EORI number if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • making a customs declaration - check if you\u2019re eligible to make a customs declaration
    • ", + "
  • making an entry summary declaration
    • ", + "
  • making an exit summary declaration
    • ", + "
  • making a temporary storage declaration
    • ", + "
  • making a customs declaration for temporary admission or re-export declaration where you have a guarantee
    • ", + "
  • acting as a carrier for transporting goods by sea, inland waterway or air
    • ", + "
  • acting as a carrier connected to the customs system and you want to get notifications regarding the lodging or amendment of entry summary declarations
    • ", + "
  • established in a common transit country where the declaration is lodged instead of an entry summary declaration or is used as a pre-departure declaration
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible to apply for an EORI number yourself, you\u2019ll need to appoint someone to deal with customs on your behalf. The person you appoint will need to get the EORI number instead of you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re based in the Channel Islands and you move goods to or from the UK, you do not need an EORI number. You\u2019ll need an EORI number if you use HMRC\u2019s customs systems like Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF).

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll need your EORI number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your EORI number if you:

    ", + "
  • appoint someone to deal with customs for you and are \u2018established\u2019 in the country you\u2019re importing to or exporting from
    • ", + "
  • make customs declarations
    • ", + "
  • use customs systems, such as the CHIEF system\nand the Import Control System Northern Ireland (ICS NI)
    • ", + "
  • apply for a customs decision
    • ", + "

    Check which EORI number you need

    ", + "

    Which type of EORI number you need and where you get it from depends on where you\u2019re moving goods to and from. You may need more than one.

    ", + "

    If you do not have the right EORI number, you may have delays at customs and increased costs, for example your goods may have to be stored until you get an EORI.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re moving goods to or from Great Britain

    ", + "

    If you move goods to or from Great Britain you must get an EORI number that starts with GB. If you already have an EORI number and it does not start with GB, you must apply for a GB EORI number.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re moving goods to or from Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You may also need an EORI number starting with XI if you move goods to or from Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You do not need an EORI number starting with XI if you already have an EORI number from an EU country.

    ", + "

    If your business will be making declarations or getting a customs decision in the EU

    ", + "

    You may need an EU EORI number from an EU country. Contact the customs authority in an EU country to get an EORI number. You do not need an EORI number from an EU country if you already have an EORI number starting with XI.

    ", + "

    If you move goods to or from Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You must have an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) that starts with XI if you:

    ", + "
  • move goods into Northern Ireland from Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • move goods from Northern Ireland to another non-EU country
    • ", + "
  • make a declaration in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • apply for a customs decision in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You only need to declare certain goods you move from Northern Ireland to Great Britain. Check if you need to make an export declaration and will need an EORI number that starts with XI.

    ", + "

    Only people or organisations based in Northern Ireland or the EU can be named as the \u2018declarant\u2019 on import and export declarations made in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You do not need an EORI number if you only move goods on the island of Ireland or between an EU country and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you already have an EU EORI number you do not need to apply for an XI EORI number.

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for an XI EORI number.

    ", + "

    Get help and advice if you move goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Sign up for the Trader Support Service to get advice on EORI numbers and moving goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Find more guidance on moving goods to and from Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Apply for an EORI number

    ", + "

    Apply for an EORI number that starts with GB

    ", + "

    To apply for an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) you need your:

    ", + "
  • Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - find your UTR if you do not know it
    • ", + "
  • business start date and Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code - these are in the Companies House register
    • ", + "
  • Government Gateway user ID and password
    • ", + "
  • VAT number and effective date of registration (if you\u2019re VAT registered) - these are on your VAT registration certificate
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance number - if you\u2019re an individual or a sole trader
    • ", + "

    If you do not already have a Government Gateway user ID, you\u2019ll be able to create one when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply for a GB EORI number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your GB EORI number immediately unless HMRC needs to make any checks on your application. If they do, it can take up to 5 working days.

    ", + "

    Apply for an EORI number that starts with XI

    ", + "

    Before you apply, check you\u2019re eligible for an XI EORI number.

    ", + "

    You must have applied for a GB EORI number before you can get an XI EORI number.

    ", + "

    Once you have your GB EORI number then fill in an enquiry form, making sure you:

    ", + "
  • tick the box to say you will be trading with Northern Ireland or are based in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • tick the box saying your enquiry is a \u201cQuery regarding a current EORI number application\u201d
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your XI EORI within 4 days.

    ", + "

    Get help with an EORI number

    ", + "

    You can check the status of an application you have already made.

    ", + "

    Fill in an enquiry form if you have forgotten your EORI number, your details have changed or you have a question about your application.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/goods-sent-from-abroad": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/goods-sent-from-abroad", + "title": "Tax and customs for goods sent from abroad", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAnything posted or couriered to you from another country goes through customs to check it is not banned or restricted and you pay the right tax and \u2018duty\u2019 on it.\n\nThis includes anything new or used that you:\n\n- buy online\n\n- buy abroad and send back to the UK\n\n- receive as a gift\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nBefore receiving your goods, you may have to pay VAT, Customs Duty or Excise Duty if they were sent to:\n\n- Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) from outside the UK\n\n- Northern Ireland from countries outside the UK and the European Union (EU)\n\nYou must also check that the sender:\n\n- pays Excise Duty on any alcohol or tobacco sent from the EU to Northern Ireland\n\n- declares goods correctly if they\u2019re sent from outside the UK (or from outside the EU for Northern Ireland)\n\nYour goods may be seized if you do not follow the rules. You may also be fined or prosecuted.\n\n## Tax and duty\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted by Royal Mail, Parcelforce or the courier company if you need to pay any VAT, duty or delivery charges (\u2018handling fees\u2019) to receive your goods.\n\nThey\u2019ll send you a bill stating exactly which fees you need to pay.\n\nThey\u2019ll normally hold your parcel for about 3 weeks. If you have not paid the bill by then, your parcel will be returned to the sender.\n\nYou will not have to pay anything to the delivery company to receive goods worth less than \u00a3135 unless they\u2019re gifts over \u00a339 or excise goods (for example, alcohol and tobacco).\n\n## VAT\n\nVAT is charged on all goods (except for gifts worth \u00a339 or less) sent from:\n\n- outside the UK to Great Britain\n\n- outside the UK and the EU to Northern Ireland\n\nVAT is not charged on goods that are gifts worth \u00a339 or less.\n\nYou pay VAT when you buy the goods or to the delivery company before you receive them. If you have to pay VAT to the delivery company, it\u2019s charged on the total package value, including:\n\n- the value of the goods\n\n- postage, packaging and insurance\n\n- any duty you owe\n\nVAT is charged at the VAT rate that applies to your goods.\n\n## Goods worth \u00a3135 or less in total\n\nIf you bought the goods yourself and they are not excise goods, the seller will have included VAT in the total you paid.\n\nYou will need to pay VAT to the delivery company if the goods are:\n\n- gifts sent to you by someone else and worth more than \u00a339\n\n- excise goods\n\n## Goods worth more than \u00a3135 in total\n\nYou will have to pay VAT to the delivery company either before the goods are delivered or when you collect them.\n\n## Customs Duty\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged Customs Duty on all goods sent from outside the UK (or the UK and the EU if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland) if they\u2019re either:\n\n- excise goods\n\n- worth more than \u00a3135\n\nIf you\u2019re charged Customs Duty, you\u2019ll need to pay it on both:\n\n- the price paid for the goods\n\n- postage, packaging and insurance\n\n| Type and value of goods | Customs Duty |\n\n| Non-excise goods worth \u00a3135 or less | No charge |\n\n| Gifts above \u00a3135 and up to \u00a3630 | 2.5%, but rates are lower for some goods - call the helpline |\n\n| Gifts above \u00a3630 and other goods above \u00a3135 | The rate depends on the type of goods and where they came from - call the helpline |\n\nYou pay Customs Duty on excise goods of any value.\n\n## Excise Duty\n\nIf you\u2019re sent alcohol or tobacco from outside the UK, you\u2019ll be charged Excise Duty at current rates.\n\nIf the goods are sent from the EU to Northern Ireland, check that the Excise Duty was included in the price. If it\u2019s not, your goods may be seized.\n\nIt does not matter whether you buy the goods or they\u2019re sent as a gift.\n\nIf you receive large amounts of alcohol or tobacco for your business, use the Trade Tariff to check duty rates.\n\nYour goods can also be seized if they\u2019re:\n\n- spirits over 35 centilitres without a UK duty stamp\n\n- cigarettes or hand-rolling tobacco without UK health warnings or fiscal marks\n\n## If you\u2019re charged too much or return your goods\n\nAsk for a refund of VAT or Customs Duty if you:\n\n- return your goods\n\n- think you\u2019ve been charged too much\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- form BOR 286 if Royal Mail or Parcelforce delivered the goods\n\n- form C285 if a courier or freight company delivered the goods\n\n## Documents\n\nCheck that goods sent to you from outside the UK (or outside the UK and the EU for goods in Northern Ireland) are declared to customs correctly.\n\nIf they\u2019re not declared correctly, your goods may be seized.\n\nYou must either:\n\n- check that the sender fills in the customs declaration form correctly\n\n- fill in the customs declaration yourself - this can delay getting your goods by at least 4 weeks\n\n## Filling in the customs declaration yourself\n\nThe sender must write \u2018goods to be declared by importer\u2019 on the customs declaration form.\n\nBefore you can collect your goods, you\u2019ll be sent:\n\n- a full customs declaration form to fill in\n\n- a letter explaining how to pay any tax or duty you owe\n\n## Gifts\n\nTo qualify as gifts, goods must be:\n\n- described as gifts on the customs declaration\n\n- for a birthday, anniversary or other occasion\n\n- bought and sent between individuals (not companies)\n\n- intended for personal use\n\n## Sending more than one gift\n\nIf you\u2019re sending more than one gift in the same parcel, you get the Customs Duty and VAT-free allowance for each gift if they\u2019re:\n\n- for different people\n\n- listed on the customs declaration with their individual values\n\n- wrapped individually", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Anything posted or couriered to you from another country goes through customs to check it is not banned or restricted and you pay the right tax and \u2018duty\u2019 on it.

    ", + "

    This includes anything new or used that you:

    ", + "
  • buy online
    • ", + "
  • buy abroad and send back to the UK
    • ", + "
  • receive as a gift
    • ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    Before receiving your goods, you may have to pay VAT, Customs Duty or Excise Duty if they were sent to:

    ", + "
  • Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) from outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland from countries outside the UK and the European Union (EU)
    • ", + "

    You must also check that the sender:

    ", + "
  • pays Excise Duty on any alcohol or tobacco sent from the EU to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • declares goods correctly if they\u2019re sent from outside the UK (or from outside the EU for Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    Your goods may be seized if you do not follow the rules. You may also be fined or prosecuted.

    ", + "

    Tax and duty

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted by Royal Mail, Parcelforce or the courier company if you need to pay any VAT, duty or delivery charges (\u2018handling fees\u2019) to receive your goods.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll send you a bill stating exactly which fees you need to pay.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll normally hold your parcel for about 3 weeks. If you have not paid the bill by then, your parcel will be returned to the sender.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay anything to the delivery company to receive goods worth less than \u00a3135 unless they\u2019re gifts over \u00a339 or excise goods (for example, alcohol and tobacco).

    ", + "

    VAT

    ", + "

    VAT is charged on all goods (except for gifts worth \u00a339 or less) sent from:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK to Great Britain
    • ", + "
  • outside the UK and the EU to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    VAT is not charged on goods that are gifts worth \u00a339 or less.

    ", + "

    You pay VAT when you buy the goods or to the delivery company before you receive them. If you have to pay VAT to the delivery company, it\u2019s charged on the total package value, including:

    ", + "
  • the value of the goods
    • ", + "
  • postage, packaging and insurance
    • ", + "
  • any duty you owe
    • ", + "

    VAT is charged at the VAT rate that applies to your goods.

    ", + "

    Goods worth \u00a3135 or less in total

    ", + "

    If you bought the goods yourself and they are not excise goods, the seller will have included VAT in the total you paid.

    ", + "

    You will need to pay VAT to the delivery company if the goods are:

    ", + "
  • gifts sent to you by someone else and worth more than \u00a339
    • ", + "
  • excise goods
    • ", + "

    Goods worth more than \u00a3135 in total

    ", + "

    You will have to pay VAT to the delivery company either before the goods are delivered or when you collect them.

    ", + "

    Customs Duty

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged Customs Duty on all goods sent from outside the UK (or the UK and the EU if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland) if they\u2019re either:

    ", + "
  • excise goods
    • ", + "
  • worth more than \u00a3135
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re charged Customs Duty, you\u2019ll need to pay it on both:

    ", + "
  • the price paid for the goods
    • ", + "
  • postage, packaging and insurance
    • ", + "Type and value of goods | Customs Duty", + "Non-excise goods worth \u00a3135 or less | No charge", + "Gifts above \u00a3135 and up to \u00a3630 | 2.5%, but rates are lower for some goods - call the helpline", + "Gifts above \u00a3630 and other goods above \u00a3135 | The rate depends on the type of goods and where they came from - call the helpline", + "

    You pay Customs Duty on excise goods of any value.

    ", + "

    Excise Duty

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re sent alcohol or tobacco from outside the UK, you\u2019ll be charged Excise Duty at current rates.

    ", + "

    If the goods are sent from the EU to Northern Ireland, check that the Excise Duty was included in the price. If it\u2019s not, your goods may be seized.

    ", + "

    It does not matter whether you buy the goods or they\u2019re sent as a gift.

    ", + "

    If you receive large amounts of alcohol or tobacco for your business, use the Trade Tariff to check duty rates.

    ", + "

    Your goods can also be seized if they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • spirits over 35 centilitres without a UK duty stamp
    • ", + "
  • cigarettes or hand-rolling tobacco without UK health warnings or fiscal marks
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re charged too much or return your goods

    ", + "

    Ask for a refund of VAT or Customs Duty if you:

    ", + "
  • return your goods
    • ", + "
  • think you\u2019ve been charged too much
    • ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • form BOR 286 if Royal Mail or Parcelforce delivered the goods
    • ", + "
  • form C285 if a courier or freight company delivered the goods
    • ", + "

    Documents

    ", + "

    Check that goods sent to you from outside the UK (or outside the UK and the EU for goods in Northern Ireland) are declared to customs correctly.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re not declared correctly, your goods may be seized.

    ", + "

    You must either:

    ", + "
  • check that the sender fills in the customs declaration form correctly
    • ", + "
  • fill in the customs declaration yourself - this can delay getting your goods by at least 4 weeks
    • ", + "

    Filling in the customs declaration yourself

    ", + "

    The sender must write \u2018goods to be declared by importer\u2019 on the customs declaration form.

    ", + "

    Before you can collect your goods, you\u2019ll be sent:

    ", + "
  • a full customs declaration form to fill in
    • ", + "
  • a letter explaining how to pay any tax or duty you owe
    • ", + "

    Gifts

    ", + "

    To qualify as gifts, goods must be:

    ", + "
  • described as gifts on the customs declaration
    • ", + "
  • for a birthday, anniversary or other occasion
    • ", + "
  • bought and sent between individuals (not companies)
    • ", + "
  • intended for personal use
    • ", + "

    Sending more than one gift

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re sending more than one gift in the same parcel, you get the Customs Duty and VAT-free allowance for each gift if they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • for different people
    • ", + "
  • listed on the customs declaration with their individual values
    • ", + "
  • wrapped individually
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/taking-goods-out-uk-temporarily": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-goods-out-uk-temporarily", + "title": "Take goods temporarily out of the UK", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may need permission to temporarily move or export goods outside the UK, for example if you take sales samples to a trade show.\n\n## Temporarily export goods out of the UK\n\nMost countries have a limit on the value of goods you can bring in duty free.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking goods to another country temporarily for business reasons and you think you\u2019ll be over the duty free limit, you can usually get an ATA Carnet to avoid paying duty. This includes things like:\n\n- samples to show at trade fairs or sales meetings\n\n- publicity materials\n\n- recorded film and audio\n\n- equipment you need for work like laptops, cameras or sound equipment\n\n- goods for educational, scientific or cultural purposes\n\n- personal effects and sports goods\n\nIf you\u2019re taking a vehicle, get a CPD Carnet instead.\n\n## Licences for controlled goods\n\nCheck if your goods are controlled and you need a licence.\n\nTemporary licences are available for some types of controlled goods, for example:\n\n- controlled drugs for personal use\n\n- weapons or dual use goods and services\n\n## Get an ATA Carnet\n\nYou can use an ATA Carnet in around 70 countries.\n\nCountries have their own rules about what goods you can bring in with an ATA Carnet. Check with the issuer in the country you\u2019re exporting to.\n\nIf you cannot use an ATA Carnet (or do not want to pay the fee), use a Duplicate List to temporarily export your goods instead.\n\n## If you do not get an ATA Carnet or Duplicate List\n\nYou\u2019ll need to declare your goods and pay duties every time your goods go through customs.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to follow the full customs rules and processes for exports and imports.\n\nYou can check the rules on:\n\n- how to export goods from the UK\n\n- how to import goods into the UK\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for an ATA Carnet:\n\n- online\n\n- by post\n\nIf you\u2019re using a freight forwarder, they\u2019ll usually fill this in for you.\n\nIt usually costs \u00a3325.96 and you\u2019ll need to pay a security deposit.\n\nIf you\u2019re sending goods to Taiwan, apply for a Taiwan Carnet instead.\n\nATA Carnets are usually valid for 1 year. Ask the overseas customs authority if you need to extend it. You\u2019ll need their written approval before you apply for a replacement Carnet.\n\n## Using an ATA Carnet\n\nCall the helpline when you\u2019re planning your journey.\n\nThey\u2019ll check that a customs officer can stamp your Carnet at the port or airport your goods are being shipped from.\n\n## When you return to the UK\n\nGo through the red channel at customs if you\u2019re bringing the goods back in your baggage.\n\n## Get help with ATA Carnets\n\nContact the ATA Carnet Unit if you have a question.\n\n## If you do not use an ATA Carnet\n\nUse a Duplicate List to temporarily export goods if:\n\n- the country you\u2019re exporting to does not recognise the ATA Carnet\n\n- you do not want to pay for an ATA Carnet\n\nAs with an ATA Carnet, you do not have to pay customs duty or tax. There\u2019s no fee, but it\u2019s more complicated than exporting something with an ATA Carnet.\n\n## How to export goods using a Duplicate List\n\nBefore you export the goods, prepare a list on company stationery. Include:\n\n- a description of the goods\n\n- how many there are\n\n- serial numbers, if the goods have them\n\n- value of the goods\n\nAt customs, you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- 2 copies of the list\n\n- a completed form C&E 1246 (PDF, 638 KB)\n\nContact the helpline in advance to make the arrangements.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may need permission to temporarily move or export goods outside the UK, for example if you take sales samples to a trade show.

    ", + "

    Temporarily export goods out of the UK

    ", + "

    Most countries have a limit on the value of goods you can bring in duty free.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking goods to another country temporarily for business reasons and you think you\u2019ll be over the duty free limit, you can usually get an ATA Carnet to avoid paying duty. This includes things like:

    ", + "
  • samples to show at trade fairs or sales meetings
    • ", + "
  • publicity materials
    • ", + "
  • recorded film and audio
    • ", + "
  • equipment you need for work like laptops, cameras or sound equipment
    • ", + "
  • goods for educational, scientific or cultural purposes
    • ", + "
  • personal effects and sports goods
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking a vehicle, get a CPD Carnet instead.

    ", + "

    Licences for controlled goods

    ", + "

    Check if your goods are controlled and you need a licence.

    ", + "

    Temporary licences are available for some types of controlled goods, for example:

    ", + "
  • controlled drugs for personal use
    • ", + "
  • weapons or dual use goods and services
    • ", + "

    Get an ATA Carnet

    ", + "

    You can use an ATA Carnet in around 70 countries.

    ", + "

    Countries have their own rules about what goods you can bring in with an ATA Carnet. Check with the issuer in the country you\u2019re exporting to.

    ", + "

    If you cannot use an ATA Carnet (or do not want to pay the fee), use a Duplicate List to temporarily export your goods instead.

    ", + "

    If you do not get an ATA Carnet or Duplicate List

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to declare your goods and pay duties every time your goods go through customs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to follow the full customs rules and processes for exports and imports.

    ", + "

    You can check the rules on:

    ", + "
  • how to export goods from the UK
    • ", + "
  • how to import goods into the UK
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for an ATA Carnet:

    ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "
  • by post
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re using a freight forwarder, they\u2019ll usually fill this in for you.

    ", + "

    It usually costs \u00a3325.96 and you\u2019ll need to pay a security deposit.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re sending goods to Taiwan, apply for a Taiwan Carnet instead.

    ", + "

    ATA Carnets are usually valid for 1 year. Ask the overseas customs authority if you need to extend it. You\u2019ll need their written approval before you apply for a replacement Carnet.

    ", + "

    Using an ATA Carnet

    ", + "

    Call the helpline when you\u2019re planning your journey.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll check that a customs officer can stamp your Carnet at the port or airport your goods are being shipped from.

    ", + "

    When you return to the UK

    ", + "

    Go through the red channel at customs if you\u2019re bringing the goods back in your baggage.

    ", + "

    Get help with ATA Carnets

    ", + "

    Contact the ATA Carnet Unit if you have a question.

    ", + "

    If you do not use an ATA Carnet

    ", + "

    Use a Duplicate List to temporarily export goods if:

    ", + "
  • the country you\u2019re exporting to does not recognise the ATA Carnet
    • ", + "
  • you do not want to pay for an ATA Carnet
    • ", + "

    As with an ATA Carnet, you do not have to pay customs duty or tax. There\u2019s no fee, but it\u2019s more complicated than exporting something with an ATA Carnet.

    ", + "

    How to export goods using a Duplicate List

    ", + "

    Before you export the goods, prepare a list on company stationery. Include:

    ", + "
  • a description of the goods
    • ", + "
  • how many there are
    • ", + "
  • serial numbers, if the goods have them
    • ", + "
  • value of the goods
    • ", + "

    At customs, you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • 2 copies of the list
    • ", + "
  • a completed form C&E 1246 (PDF, 638 KB)
    • ", + "

    Contact the helpline in advance to make the arrangements.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-customers-export-opportunities": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-customers-export-opportunities", + "title": "Find overseas customers and export opportunities", + "content": "## Find export opportunities\n\nUse great.gov.uk to:\n\n- make sure your business is ready to export\n\n- show your products directly to overseas buyers through the \u2018find a buyer\u2019 service\n\n- find overseas opportunities for your product or service\n\nStart now\n\n## Find customers online\n\nGet help selling online overseas and take advantage of special deals negotiated by the government.\n\nAnd join the e-exporting programme to get:\n\n- advice on developing a strategy from e-commerce and international trade experts\n\n- special rates for some of the world\u2019s most popular online selling platforms\n\n- regular updates on e-commerce trends and opportunities to hear from industry experts and network with other online traders\n\nContact e-exporting@trade.gov.uk to join the e-exporting programme.\n\n## Get help from a trade specialist\n\nThe Department for International Trade (DIT) has a network of trade specialists who can also help you find overseas customers by:\n\n- helping you prepare for a trade show or overseas market visit (sometimes grants are available - check with the event organiser)\n\n- arranging introductions to potential overseas buyers, agents and distributors (there\u2019s a charge for this service)\n\nTo find out more, first see the export guidance on great.gov.uk, then contact a trade adviser in your region.\n\n## If you had an OMIS account\n\nIf you had an Overseas Market Introduction Service (OMIS) account and want to talk about something you commissioned, contact a trade adviser in your region or email omis.orders@digital.trade.gov.uk.\n\n## Defence, security and cyber security\n\nContact the Defence and Security Organisation (DSO) for help with:\n\n- presentations, product demonstrations and hosting delegations (including a bespoke hanger for exhibitions and demonstration centre for cyber security products)\n\n- displaying your products on the DSO stand at exhibitions and trade shows\n\n- booking military personnel to appear on your stand at an exhibition or trade show\n\n- providing after sales training to customers\n\nDSO provides media support for product launches or overseas campaigns. Call +44 (0)20 7215 8467.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Find export opportunities

    ", + "

    Use great.gov.uk to:

    ", + "
  • make sure your business is ready to export
    • ", + "
  • show your products directly to overseas buyers through the \u2018find a buyer\u2019 service
    • ", + "
  • find overseas opportunities for your product or service
    • ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Find customers online

    ", + "

    Get help selling online overseas and take advantage of special deals negotiated by the government.

    ", + "

    And join the e-exporting programme to get:

    ", + "
  • advice on developing a strategy from e-commerce and international trade experts
    • ", + "
  • special rates for some of the world\u2019s most popular online selling platforms
    • ", + "
  • regular updates on e-commerce trends and opportunities to hear from industry experts and network with other online traders
    • ", + "

    Contact e-exporting@trade.gov.uk to join the e-exporting programme.

    ", + "

    Get help from a trade specialist

    ", + "

    The Department for International Trade (DIT) has a network of trade specialists who can also help you find overseas customers by:

    ", + "
  • helping you prepare for a trade show or overseas market visit (sometimes grants are available - check with the event organiser)
    • ", + "
  • arranging introductions to potential overseas buyers, agents and distributors (there\u2019s a charge for this service)
    • ", + "

    To find out more, first see the export guidance on great.gov.uk, then contact a trade adviser in your region.

    ", + "

    If you had an OMIS account

    ", + "

    If you had an Overseas Market Introduction Service (OMIS) account and want to talk about something you commissioned, contact a trade adviser in your region or email omis.orders@digital.trade.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    Defence, security and cyber security

    ", + "

    Contact the Defence and Security Organisation (DSO) for help with:

    ", + "
  • presentations, product demonstrations and hosting delegations (including a bespoke hanger for exhibitions and demonstration centre for cyber security products)
    • ", + "
  • displaying your products on the DSO stand at exhibitions and trade shows
    • ", + "
  • booking military personnel to appear on your stand at an exhibition or trade show
    • ", + "
  • providing after sales training to customers
    • ", + "

    DSO provides media support for product launches or overseas campaigns. Call +44 (0)20 7215 8467.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/business-asset-disposal-relief": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/business-asset-disposal-relief", + "title": "Business Asset Disposal Relief", + "content": "## Eligibility\n\nYou may be able to pay less Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) all or part of your business.\n\nBusiness Asset Disposal Relief means you\u2019ll pay tax at 10% on all gains on qualifying assets.\n\nBusiness Asset Disposal Relief was known as Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief before 6 April 2020.\n\n## If you\u2019re selling all or part of your business\n\nTo qualify for relief, both of the following must apply for at least 2 years up to the date you sell your business:\n\n- you\u2019re a sole trader or business partner\n\n- you\u2019ve owned the business for at least 2 years\n\nThe same conditions apply if you\u2019re closing your business instead. You must also dispose of your business assets within 3 years to qualify for relief.\n\n## If you\u2019re selling shares or securities\n\nTo qualify, both of the following must apply for at least 2 years up to the date you sell your shares:\n\n- you\u2019re an employee or office holder of the company (or one in the same group)\n\n- the company\u2019s main activities are in trading (rather than non-trading activities like investment) - or it\u2019s the holding company of a trading group\n\nThere are also other rules depending on whether or not the shares are from an Enterprise Management Incentive (EMI).\n\n## If the shares are from an EMI\n\nYou must have both:\n\n- bought the shares after 5 April 2013\n\n- been given the option to buy them at least 2 years before selling them\n\n## If the shares are not from an EMI\n\nFor at least 2 years before you sell your shares, the business must be a \u2018personal company\u2019. This means that you have at least 5% of both the:\n\n- shares\n\n- voting rights\n\nYou must also be entitled to at least 5% of either:\n\n- profits that are available for distribution and assets on winding up the company\n\n- disposal proceeds if the company is sold\n\nIf the number of shares you hold falls below 5% because the company has issued more shares, you may still be able to claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\nYou need to choose or \u2018elect\u2019 to be treated as if you had sold and re-bought your shares immediately before the new shares were issued. This will create a gain on which you can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\nYou can also choose or \u2018elect\u2019 to postpone paying tax on that gain until you come to sell your shares.\n\nYou can do this by:\n\n- completing the additional information section of the Capital Gains summary form of your tax return\n\n- writing to HMRC if you do not have to complete a tax return for the year\n\n## If the company stops being a trading company\n\nIf the company stops being a trading company, you can still qualify for relief if you sell your shares within 3 years.\n\n## If you\u2019re selling assets you lent to the business\n\nTo qualify, both of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve sold at least 5% of your part of a business partnership or your shares in a personal company\n\n- you owned the assets but let your business partnership or personal company use them for at least one year up to the date you sold your business or shares - or the date the business closed\n\n## If you\u2019re a trustee\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re a trustee selling assets held in the trust.\n\n## Work out your tax\n\nHow you work out your tax depends on whether all your gains are eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\n## If all your gains qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief\n\n- Work out the gain for all qualifying assets.\n\n- Add together the gains (and deduct qualifying losses) to work out the total taxable gain that\u2019s eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\n- Deduct your tax-free allowance.\n\n- You\u2019ll pay 10% tax on what\u2019s left.\n\n## If you have other gains\n\nHow much tax you pay on your other gains depends on what Income Tax rate you pay.\n\n## Higher rate Income Tax payers\n\nFor gains that do not qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief you\u2019ll pay:\n\n- 28% on gains from residential property\n\n- 20% on gains made from other chargeable assets\n\nYou can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).\n\n## Basic rate Income Tax payers\n\nIf you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer, you need to work out the tax rate you\u2019ll pay on gains that are not eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\n- Work out how much taxable income you have - deduct your Personal Allowance and any other Income Tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to.\n\n- Deduct this amount from the basic rate tax band for the year you made the gains (\u00a337,500 for the 2020 to 2021 tax year). This gives you the amount of basic rate band you can use against your gains.\n\n- Work out your total taxable gain.\n\n- Use your basic rate band first against any gains eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief. You\u2019ll pay 10% tax on these.\n\n- Use any remaining basic rate band against your other gains. You\u2019ll pay 18% on gains made on residential property and 10% on gains from all other chargeable assets.\n\n- For gains above the basic rate band you\u2019ll pay 28% on gains made on residential property and 20% on gains from all other chargeable assets.\n\n- You can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).\n\n## Get help\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help if you need advice.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief either:\n\n- through your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- by filling in Section A of the Business Asset Disposal Relief helpsheet\n\nThere\u2019s no limit to how many times you can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\nYou can claim a total of \u00a31 million in Business Asset Disposal Relief over your lifetime.\n\nYou may be able to claim more if you sold your assets before 11 March 2020. Contact HMRC to find out.\n\n## Deadline\n\n| Tax year when you sold or closed your business | Deadline to claim Business Asset Disposal Relief |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | 31 January 2023 |\n\n| 2019 to 2020 | 31 January 2022 |\n\n| 2018 to 2019 | 31 January 2021 |", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay less Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) all or part of your business.

    ", + "

    Business Asset Disposal Relief means you\u2019ll pay tax at 10% on all gains on qualifying assets.

    ", + "

    Business Asset Disposal Relief was known as Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief before 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling all or part of your business

    ", + "

    To qualify for relief, both of the following must apply for at least 2 years up to the date you sell your business:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a sole trader or business partner
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve owned the business for at least 2 years
    • ", + "

    The same conditions apply if you\u2019re closing your business instead. You must also dispose of your business assets within 3 years to qualify for relief.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling shares or securities

    ", + "

    To qualify, both of the following must apply for at least 2 years up to the date you sell your shares:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re an employee or office holder of the company (or one in the same group)
    • ", + "
  • the company\u2019s main activities are in trading (rather than non-trading activities like investment) - or it\u2019s the holding company of a trading group
    • ", + "

    There are also other rules depending on whether or not the shares are from an Enterprise Management Incentive (EMI).

    ", + "

    If the shares are from an EMI

    ", + "

    You must have both:

    ", + "
  • bought the shares after 5 April 2013
    • ", + "
  • been given the option to buy them at least 2 years before selling them
    • ", + "

    If the shares are not from an EMI

    ", + "

    For at least 2 years before you sell your shares, the business must be a \u2018personal company\u2019. This means that you have at least 5% of both the:

    ", + "
  • shares
    • ", + "
  • voting rights
    • ", + "

    You must also be entitled to at least 5% of either:

    ", + "
  • profits that are available for distribution and assets on winding up the company
    • ", + "
  • disposal proceeds if the company is sold
    • ", + "

    If the number of shares you hold falls below 5% because the company has issued more shares, you may still be able to claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.

    ", + "

    You need to choose or \u2018elect\u2019 to be treated as if you had sold and re-bought your shares immediately before the new shares were issued. This will create a gain on which you can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.

    ", + "

    You can also choose or \u2018elect\u2019 to postpone paying tax on that gain until you come to sell your shares.

    ", + "

    You can do this by:

    ", + "
  • completing the additional information section of the Capital Gains summary form of your tax return
    • ", + "
  • writing to HMRC if you do not have to complete a tax return for the year
    • ", + "

    If the company stops being a trading company

    ", + "

    If the company stops being a trading company, you can still qualify for relief if you sell your shares within 3 years.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling assets you lent to the business

    ", + "

    To qualify, both of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve sold at least 5% of your part of a business partnership or your shares in a personal company
    • ", + "
  • you owned the assets but let your business partnership or personal company use them for at least one year up to the date you sold your business or shares - or the date the business closed
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a trustee

    ", + "

    You may also qualify if you\u2019re a trustee selling assets held in the trust.

    ", + "

    Work out your tax

    ", + "

    How you work out your tax depends on whether all your gains are eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.

    ", + "

    If all your gains qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief

    ", + "
  • Work out the gain for all qualifying assets.
    • ", + "
  • Add together the gains (and deduct qualifying losses) to work out the total taxable gain that\u2019s eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct your tax-free allowance.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll pay 10% tax on what\u2019s left.
    • ", + "

    If you have other gains

    ", + "

    How much tax you pay on your other gains depends on what Income Tax rate you pay.

    ", + "

    Higher rate Income Tax payers

    ", + "

    For gains that do not qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief you\u2019ll pay:

    ", + "
  • 28% on gains from residential property
    • ", + "
  • 20% on gains made from other chargeable assets
    • ", + "

    You can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).

    ", + "

    Basic rate Income Tax payers

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer, you need to work out the tax rate you\u2019ll pay on gains that are not eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.

    ", + "
  • Work out how much taxable income you have - deduct your Personal Allowance and any other Income Tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct this amount from the basic rate tax band for the year you made the gains (\u00a337,500 for the 2020 to 2021 tax year). This gives you the amount of basic rate band you can use against your gains.
    • ", + "
  • Work out your total taxable gain.
    • ", + "
  • Use your basic rate band first against any gains eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief. You\u2019ll pay 10% tax on these.
    • ", + "
  • Use any remaining basic rate band against your other gains. You\u2019ll pay 18% on gains made on residential property and 10% on gains from all other chargeable assets.
    • ", + "
  • For gains above the basic rate band you\u2019ll pay 28% on gains made on residential property and 20% on gains from all other chargeable assets.
    • ", + "
  • You can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).
    • ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help if you need advice.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief either:

    ", + "
  • through your Self Assessment tax return
    • ", + "
  • by filling in Section A of the Business Asset Disposal Relief helpsheet
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no limit to how many times you can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.

    ", + "

    You can claim a total of \u00a31 million in Business Asset Disposal Relief over your lifetime.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim more if you sold your assets before 11 March 2020. Contact HMRC to find out.

    ", + "

    Deadline

    ", + "Tax year when you sold or closed your business | Deadline to claim Business Asset Disposal Relief", + "2020 to 2021 | 31 January 2023", + "2019 to 2020 | 31 January 2022", + "2018 to 2019 | 31 January 2021" + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/protecting-company-from-compulsory-liquidation": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/protecting-company-from-compulsory-liquidation", + "title": "Dealing with your limited company's debts", + "content": "## If your company cannot pay its debts\n\nYour limited company can be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if it cannot pay its debts.\n\nThe people or organisations your company owes money to (your \u2018creditors\u2019) can apply to the court to get their debts paid.\n\nThey can do this by either:\n\n- getting a court judgment\n\n- making an official request for payment - this is called a statutory demand\n\nGet professional advice from a solicitor or insolvency practitioner if your company is in debt.\n\n## Responding to a court judgment\n\nYou have 14 days to respond to a court judgment.\n\nTo respond, you must do one of the following:\n\n- pay the debt\n\n- reach an agreement with the creditor to pay the debt in the future, for example by using a Company Voluntary Arrangement\n\n- put your company into administration\n\n- apply to liquidate (\u2018wind up\u2019) your company yourself\n\n- challenge the court judgment\n\nIf you do not respond to the court judgment within 14 days, your creditors can apply to have your assets seized by a bailiff or sheriff.\n\nYour creditors can apply to wind up your company if your assets are not worth enough to pay your debts.\n\n## Responding to a statutory demand\n\nYou have 21 days to respond to a statutory demand.\n\nTo respond, you must do one of the following:\n\n- pay the debt\n\n- reach an agreement with the creditor to pay the debt in the future, for example by using a Company Voluntary Arrangement\n\n- put your company into administration\n\n- apply to liquidate (\u2018wind up\u2019) your company yourself\n\nYour creditors can apply to wind up your company if you do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.\n\n## Stop your creditors from applying to wind up your company\n\nYou can apply to the court to stop (\u2018restrain\u2019) your creditors from applying to wind up your company. You must do this within 21 days of getting the statutory demand.\n\nDownload and fill in application form IAA.\n\nWhich court you apply to depends on how much money shareholders have paid into your company by buying shares (\u2018paid up share capital\u2019).\n\nCheck the Companies House register to find out your company\u2019s paid up share capital.\n\n## Your paid up share capital is less than \u00a3120,000\n\nUse the court finder to find a court dealing with insolvency. You must use the court nearest your company\u2019s registered office.\n\n## Your paid up share capital is more than \u00a3120,000\n\nYou must apply to the High Court.\n\n## Getting a winding-up order\n\nYour creditors can apply to the court to close down your company. They do this by making an application called a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019.\n\nYou can apply to stop your creditors from making a winding-up petition if you were given a statutory demand.\n\nThey can withdraw the petition if your company pays the debt or makes an arrangement to pay it.\n\n## Attending the hearing\n\nIf the petition is accepted, the court will arrange a date for a hearing.\n\nYou must attend the hearing. Your creditors will announce when and where the hearing will take place in The Gazette.\n\nYour company can be put into the control of someone else until the hearing happens. This is known as \u2018provisional liquidation\u2019.\n\n## If the court decides you cannot pay your debts\n\nThe court will issue a winding-up order.\n\nAn officer of the court (\u2018official receiver\u2019) will be put in charge of winding-up your company. You must co-operate with the official receiver.\n\nWhen you get a winding-up order:\n\n- your company\u2019s bank account will usually be frozen\n\n- its assets or property will be sold by the official receiver\n\nIf any part of your company is bought with the intention of discontinuing the business (not running it as a \u2018going concern\u2019) then your employees will lose their jobs.\n\nYou can be banned from being a director for up to 15 years if you do not carry out your duties properly.\n\n## Cancel a winding-up order\n\nYou can apply to cancel a winding-up order if you do not think you need to pay your creditors. You must do this within 5 working days of getting the order.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    If your company cannot pay its debts

    ", + "

    Your limited company can be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if it cannot pay its debts.

    ", + "

    The people or organisations your company owes money to (your \u2018creditors\u2019) can apply to the court to get their debts paid.

    ", + "

    They can do this by either:

    ", + "
  • getting a court judgment
    • ", + "
  • making an official request for payment - this is called a statutory demand
    • ", + "

    Get professional advice from a solicitor or insolvency practitioner if your company is in debt.

    ", + "

    Responding to a court judgment

    ", + "

    You have 14 days to respond to a court judgment.

    ", + "

    To respond, you must do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • pay the debt
    • ", + "
  • reach an agreement with the creditor to pay the debt in the future, for example by using a Company Voluntary Arrangement
    • ", + "
  • put your company into administration
    • ", + "
  • apply to liquidate (\u2018wind up\u2019) your company yourself
    • ", + "
  • challenge the court judgment
    • ", + "

    If you do not respond to the court judgment within 14 days, your creditors can apply to have your assets seized by a bailiff or sheriff.

    ", + "

    Your creditors can apply to wind up your company if your assets are not worth enough to pay your debts.

    ", + "

    Responding to a statutory demand

    ", + "

    You have 21 days to respond to a statutory demand.

    ", + "

    To respond, you must do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • pay the debt
    • ", + "
  • reach an agreement with the creditor to pay the debt in the future, for example by using a Company Voluntary Arrangement
    • ", + "
  • put your company into administration
    • ", + "
  • apply to liquidate (\u2018wind up\u2019) your company yourself
    • ", + "

    Your creditors can apply to wind up your company if you do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.

    ", + "

    Stop your creditors from applying to wind up your company

    ", + "

    You can apply to the court to stop (\u2018restrain\u2019) your creditors from applying to wind up your company. You must do this within 21 days of getting the statutory demand.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in application form IAA.

    ", + "

    Which court you apply to depends on how much money shareholders have paid into your company by buying shares (\u2018paid up share capital\u2019).

    ", + "

    Check the Companies House register to find out your company\u2019s paid up share capital.

    ", + "

    Your paid up share capital is less than \u00a3120,000

    ", + "

    Use the court finder to find a court dealing with insolvency. You must use the court nearest your company\u2019s registered office.

    ", + "

    Your paid up share capital is more than \u00a3120,000

    ", + "

    You must apply to the High Court.

    ", + "

    Getting a winding-up order

    ", + "

    Your creditors can apply to the court to close down your company. They do this by making an application called a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can apply to stop your creditors from making a winding-up petition if you were given a statutory demand.

    ", + "

    They can withdraw the petition if your company pays the debt or makes an arrangement to pay it.

    ", + "

    Attending the hearing

    ", + "

    If the petition is accepted, the court will arrange a date for a hearing.

    ", + "

    You must attend the hearing. Your creditors will announce when and where the hearing will take place in The Gazette.

    ", + "

    Your company can be put into the control of someone else until the hearing happens. This is known as \u2018provisional liquidation\u2019.

    ", + "

    If the court decides you cannot pay your debts

    ", + "

    The court will issue a winding-up order.

    ", + "

    An officer of the court (\u2018official receiver\u2019) will be put in charge of winding-up your company. You must co-operate with the official receiver.

    ", + "

    When you get a winding-up order:

    ", + "
  • your company\u2019s bank account will usually be frozen
    • ", + "
  • its assets or property will be sold by the official receiver
    • ", + "

    If any part of your company is bought with the intention of discontinuing the business (not running it as a \u2018going concern\u2019) then your employees will lose their jobs.

    ", + "

    You can be banned from being a director for up to 15 years if you do not carry out your duties properly.

    ", + "

    Cancel a winding-up order

    ", + "

    You can apply to cancel a winding-up order if you do not think you need to pay your creditors. You must do this within 5 working days of getting the order.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/selling-your-business-your-responsibilities": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/selling-your-business-your-responsibilities", + "title": "Selling your business: your responsibilities", + "content": "## Self-employed sole trader\n\nWhen you sell your business, you have legal responsibilities to staff you employ. You must also finalise your business\u2019 tax affairs.\n\n## Staff\n\nIf you have anyone working for you, you must tell them:\n\n- when and why you\u2019re selling the business\n\n- about redundancy terms or relocation packages, if necessary\n\nMake sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.\n\n## Telling HMRC\n\nYou can use the online form to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve sold your business. It covers both Self Assessment and National Insurance.\n\nYou can also call HMRC\u2019s National Insurance helpline to cancel your Class 2 National Insurance contributions.\n\n## VAT registration\n\nIf you\u2019re registered for VAT, you may be able to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.\n\n## Tax returns\n\nYou must send a Self Assessment tax return by the deadline. You\u2019ll need to put the date you stopped trading on the return.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou may have made a capital gain when selling your business (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from the business that you keep).\n\nIf this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.\n\n## Business partnership\n\nYour responsibilities when selling a partnership depend on whether you\u2019re selling:\n\n- your share of the partnership\n\n- the entire partnership\n\nCheck your business\u2019 partnership agreement - it may have restrictions and conditions on the sale.\n\n## Staff\n\nIf you have anyone working for you, you must tell them about the sale, including:\n\n- when and why you\u2019re selling the partnership\n\n- details about the redundancy terms or relocation packages you will offer, if required\n\nMake sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.\n\n## If you\u2019re stopping self-employment\n\nIf you\u2019re stopping self-employment when you sell the partnership, call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to cancel your Class 2 National Insurance contributions.\n\n## VAT registration\n\nIf the partnership is registered for VAT, you may be able to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.\n\n## Tax returns\n\n## If you\u2019re selling your share in the partnership\n\nYou must fill out a personal Self Assessment tax return by the deadline.\n\n## If you\u2019re selling the whole partnership\n\nYou must:\n\n- make sure the \u2018nominated partner\u2019 sends a Partnership Tax Return by the deadline\n\n- send your personal Self Assessment tax return by the deadline\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou may have made a \u2018capital gain\u2019 when selling the partnership (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from the partnership that you keep).\n\nIf this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.\n\n## Limited company\n\nYour responsibilities will be different, depending on whether:\n\n- you\u2019re selling the entire shareholding in your limited company\n\n- the company is selling part of its business\n\n## Selling the entire shareholding\n\n## Appoint new directors or company secretaries\n\nYou should appoint new directors before you resign as a director yourself.\n\nTell Companies House to make these changes.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou may have made a \u2018capital gain\u2019 when selling the company (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from it that you keep).\n\nIf this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.\n\n## Charges against your company\n\nIf you\u2019ve secured finance for the company against your personal property (for example a mortgage on your house to secure a business loan), you must let the provider know within 21 days of the sale.\n\n## VAT registration\n\nIf the company is registered for VAT, you may want to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.\n\n## If your company sells part of the business\n\nIf any employees are affected by the sale (for example the company\u2019s selling its production business and factory staff will be affected), you must tell them about the changes, including:\n\n- when and why part of the company is being sold\n\n- details about the redundancy terms or relocation packages, if necessary\n\nMake sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Self-employed sole trader

    ", + "

    When you sell your business, you have legal responsibilities to staff you employ. You must also finalise your business\u2019 tax affairs.

    ", + "

    Staff

    ", + "

    If you have anyone working for you, you must tell them:

    ", + "
  • when and why you\u2019re selling the business
    • ", + "
  • about redundancy terms or relocation packages, if necessary
    • ", + "

    Make sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.

    ", + "

    Telling HMRC

    ", + "

    You can use the online form to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve sold your business. It covers both Self Assessment and National Insurance.

    ", + "

    You can also call HMRC\u2019s National Insurance helpline to cancel your Class 2 National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    VAT registration

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered for VAT, you may be able to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.

    ", + "

    Tax returns

    ", + "

    You must send a Self Assessment tax return by the deadline. You\u2019ll need to put the date you stopped trading on the return.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You may have made a capital gain when selling your business (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from the business that you keep).

    ", + "

    If this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.

    ", + "

    Business partnership

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities when selling a partnership depend on whether you\u2019re selling:

    ", + "
  • your share of the partnership
    • ", + "
  • the entire partnership
    • ", + "

    Check your business\u2019 partnership agreement - it may have restrictions and conditions on the sale.

    ", + "

    Staff

    ", + "

    If you have anyone working for you, you must tell them about the sale, including:

    ", + "
  • when and why you\u2019re selling the partnership
    • ", + "
  • details about the redundancy terms or relocation packages you will offer, if required
    • ", + "

    Make sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re stopping self-employment

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re stopping self-employment when you sell the partnership, call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to cancel your Class 2 National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    VAT registration

    ", + "

    If the partnership is registered for VAT, you may be able to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.

    ", + "

    Tax returns

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling your share in the partnership

    ", + "

    You must fill out a personal Self Assessment tax return by the deadline.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling the whole partnership

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • make sure the \u2018nominated partner\u2019 sends a Partnership Tax Return by the deadline
    • ", + "
  • send your personal Self Assessment tax return by the deadline
    • ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You may have made a \u2018capital gain\u2019 when selling the partnership (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from the partnership that you keep).

    ", + "

    If this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.

    ", + "

    Limited company

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities will be different, depending on whether:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re selling the entire shareholding in your limited company
    • ", + "
  • the company is selling part of its business
    • ", + "

    Selling the entire shareholding

    ", + "

    Appoint new directors or company secretaries

    ", + "

    You should appoint new directors before you resign as a director yourself.

    ", + "

    Tell Companies House to make these changes.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You may have made a \u2018capital gain\u2019 when selling the company (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from it that you keep).

    ", + "

    If this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.

    ", + "

    Charges against your company

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve secured finance for the company against your personal property (for example a mortgage on your house to secure a business loan), you must let the provider know within 21 days of the sale.

    ", + "

    VAT registration

    ", + "

    If the company is registered for VAT, you may want to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.

    ", + "

    If your company sells part of the business

    ", + "

    If any employees are affected by the sale (for example the company\u2019s selling its production business and factory staff will be affected), you must tell them about the changes, including:

    ", + "
  • when and why part of the company is being sold
    • ", + "
  • details about the redundancy terms or relocation packages, if necessary
    • ", + "

    Make sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/unfair-terms-in-sales-contracts": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unfair-terms-in-sales-contracts", + "title": "Avoid unfair terms in sales contracts", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour standard sales contracts must be \u2018fair\u2019 or you won\u2019t be able to enforce them.\n\nThere are different rules on what\u2019s fair for:\n\n- consumer contracts\n\n- business contracts\n\nYou\u2019re legally responsible for certain situations, eg when goods you sell are faulty. You must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible.\n\nYou have more responsibilities towards consumers than towards other businesses.\n\n## Customers\u2019 rights\n\nYour customers also have implied rights when buying your goods or services, unless the contract legally states otherwise.\n\n## Unfair consumer contracts\n\nYou can\u2019t enforce unfair terms in a consumer contract, or unfair consumer notices (eg signs on a shop wall or in a car park).\n\nYou can never enforce terms or notices that try to avoid your responsibility for:\n\n- death\n\n- injury\n\n- faulty goods\n\n- goods that aren\u2019t as described\n\n- selling goods that aren\u2019t yours to sell\n\nYou might not be able to enforce terms or notices if they try to avoid your responsibility in other ways, eg:\n\n- delays\n\n- unsatisfactory services\n\n- not doing what was agreed\n\nYour contract terms might also be unfair if they weigh the contract significantly in your favour, eg:\n\n- by providing for excessive cancellation charges and automatic loss of all upfront payments\n\n- by creating unbalanced rights, eg being able to cancel a contract at any time, but requiring the customer to give 3 months\u2019 notice\n\n- by allowing you to increase the agreed price at a later date\n\nYour contract won\u2019t be unfair just because it sets a price that\u2019s higher than another business charges.\n\nContracts must be written in plain language to avoid being misleading and unfair.\n\n## If a customer complains\n\nIt\u2019s up to the courts to decide if a term in your contract or wording in your notices is unfair.\n\nYou can be taken to court by the Competition and Markets Authority or a local trading standards office to stop you using unfair terms or notices.\n\nConsumers can also take legal action themselves to challenge unfair terms or notices.\n\nRead the guidance on unfair terms.\n\n## Unfair business contracts\n\nYour standard contract would be unfair if you try to not take responsibility for:\n\n- death or injury - under any circumstances\n\n- losses caused by negligence - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019\n\n- defective or poor quality goods - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019\n\nYou must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible for these things.\n\n## What is reasonable\n\nIt\u2019s up to the courts to decide what is reasonable.\n\nCourts will take into account:\n\n- the information available to both parties when the contract was drawn up\n\n- if the contract was negotiated or in standard form\n\n- if the buyer had the bargaining power to negotiate better terms\n\n## Implied and statutory rights\n\nYour customers have implied rights when buying your goods or services.\n\nSome implied rights are also known as \u2018statutory rights\u2019.\n\n## Products\n\nImplied rights mean a product must be:\n\n- as described\n\n- of satisfactory quality, eg safe, in working order, free of defects\n\n- fit for purpose - capable of doing what the customer has asked for\n\nContracts for hiring, hire purchase and part exchange also have these implied rights.\n\nConsumers always have these implied rights when buying goods - the contract can\u2019t legally state otherwise.\n\n## Services\n\nImplied rights mean services must be carried out:\n\n- with reasonable care and skill\n\n- within a reasonable time (if no specific time has been agreed)\n\n- for a reasonable charge (if no exact price has been agreed)\n\nYou\u2019re unlikely to be able to enforce terms in a consumer contract for services if they try to deny a customer\u2019s implied rights.\n\n## Business contracts\n\nYour business customers have implied rights unless the contract legally states otherwise in a way a court would decide is reasonable.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your standard sales contracts must be \u2018fair\u2019 or you won\u2019t be able to enforce them.

    ", + "

    There are different rules on what\u2019s fair for:

    ", + "
  • consumer contracts
    • ", + "
  • business contracts
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re legally responsible for certain situations, eg when goods you sell are faulty. You must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible.

    ", + "

    You have more responsibilities towards consumers than towards other businesses.

    ", + "

    Customers\u2019 rights

    ", + "

    Your customers also have implied rights when buying your goods or services, unless the contract legally states otherwise.

    ", + "

    Unfair consumer contracts

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t enforce unfair terms in a consumer contract, or unfair consumer notices (eg signs on a shop wall or in a car park).

    ", + "

    You can never enforce terms or notices that try to avoid your responsibility for:

    ", + "
  • death
    • ", + "
  • injury
    • ", + "
  • faulty goods
    • ", + "
  • goods that aren\u2019t as described
    • ", + "
  • selling goods that aren\u2019t yours to sell
    • ", + "

    You might not be able to enforce terms or notices if they try to avoid your responsibility in other ways, eg:

    ", + "
  • delays
    • ", + "
  • unsatisfactory services
    • ", + "
  • not doing what was agreed
    • ", + "

    Your contract terms might also be unfair if they weigh the contract significantly in your favour, eg:

    ", + "
  • by providing for excessive cancellation charges and automatic loss of all upfront payments
    • ", + "
  • by creating unbalanced rights, eg being able to cancel a contract at any time, but requiring the customer to give 3 months\u2019 notice
    • ", + "
  • by allowing you to increase the agreed price at a later date
    • ", + "

    Your contract won\u2019t be unfair just because it sets a price that\u2019s higher than another business charges.

    ", + "

    Contracts must be written in plain language to avoid being misleading and unfair.

    ", + "

    If a customer complains

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to the courts to decide if a term in your contract or wording in your notices is unfair.

    ", + "

    You can be taken to court by the Competition and Markets Authority or a local trading standards office to stop you using unfair terms or notices.

    ", + "

    Consumers can also take legal action themselves to challenge unfair terms or notices.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on unfair terms.

    ", + "

    Unfair business contracts

    ", + "

    Your standard contract would be unfair if you try to not take responsibility for:

    ", + "
  • death or injury - under any circumstances
    • ", + "
  • losses caused by negligence - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019
    • ", + "
  • defective or poor quality goods - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019
    • ", + "

    You must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible for these things.

    ", + "

    What is reasonable

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to the courts to decide what is reasonable.

    ", + "

    Courts will take into account:

    ", + "
  • the information available to both parties when the contract was drawn up
    • ", + "
  • if the contract was negotiated or in standard form
    • ", + "
  • if the buyer had the bargaining power to negotiate better terms
    • ", + "

    Implied and statutory rights

    ", + "

    Your customers have implied rights when buying your goods or services.

    ", + "

    Some implied rights are also known as \u2018statutory rights\u2019.

    ", + "

    Products

    ", + "

    Implied rights mean a product must be:

    ", + "
  • as described
    • ", + "
  • of satisfactory quality, eg safe, in working order, free of defects
    • ", + "
  • fit for purpose - capable of doing what the customer has asked for
    • ", + "

    Contracts for hiring, hire purchase and part exchange also have these implied rights.

    ", + "

    Consumers always have these implied rights when buying goods - the contract can\u2019t legally state otherwise.

    ", + "

    Services

    ", + "

    Implied rights mean services must be carried out:

    ", + "
  • with reasonable care and skill
    • ", + "
  • within a reasonable time (if no specific time has been agreed)
    • ", + "
  • for a reasonable charge (if no exact price has been agreed)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re unlikely to be able to enforce terms in a consumer contract for services if they try to deny a customer\u2019s implied rights.

    ", + "

    Business contracts

    ", + "

    Your business customers have implied rights unless the contract legally states otherwise in a way a court would decide is reasonable.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/entertainment-and-modelling-agencies": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/entertainment-and-modelling-agencies", + "title": "Charge fees as an entertainment and modelling agency", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can charge fees as an entertainment and modelling agency for finding someone work.\n\nThe fees you charge depend on if the person is:\n\n- a performer or worker\n\n- a model\n\nWorkers, performers and models need to agree to your terms and conditions before you can charge fees.\n\n## Terms and conditions\n\nTerms and conditions of your service and your fees must be agreed in writing (for example, in a contract) with the worker, performer or model.\n\nThese must include details of:\n\n- the work-finding services that you\u2019ll provide them\n\n- any authority you have to act on behalf of them\n\n- any authorisations to receive any money on behalf of them\n\n- any fees or commissions you\u2019ll charge for finding work\n\n- how your fee or commission will be paid\n\n- how any commissions or fees will be refunded\n\n- the length of time the worker, performer or model needs to give to end the contract\n\n- the length of time you need to give to end a worker, performer or models\u2019s contract\n\n## Fees for performers and workers\n\nYou can\u2019t charge fees or deduct money from an entertainment worker or performer\u2019s earnings until they agree to your terms and conditions.\n\n## Promotional fees for performers and entertainment workers (not models)\n\nYou can only charge upfront fees for listing the worker or performer\u2019s details in promotional publications or on websites to help them find work.\n\nPromotional publication includes listing information in publications or on websites and photographs or audio or video recordings.\n\nYou must give the worker or performer a chance to see any copies.\n\nOther fees or commission for finding work normally come out of the worker or performer\u2019s earnings from the employment that you found.\n\n## Fees for promoting performers\n\nYou can only charge fees 30 days after the start of the contract (if there is a fee for promoting a performer).\n\nIn that 30-day period the performer can cancel or withdraw from the contract without penalty and won\u2019t have to make any payment.\n\nYou need to show the performer any promotional photographs, audio or video before its published. They then have 7 days to object to anything being used.\n\nYou can\u2019t charge the performer until the 7 days is over or you\u2019ve dealt with any reasonable requirement from the performer, whichever is later.\n\nYou can charge fees for the following performers:\n\n- actors\n\n- background artists\n\n- dancers\n\n- extras\n\n- musicians\n\n- singers\n\n- other performers\n\n## Fees for entertainment workers (except models)\n\nIf there is a fee for promoting a worker, you can only charge this 7 days after the start of the contract.\n\nIn that 7-day period:\n\n- the worker can cancel or withdraw from the contract without penalty\n\n- the worker doesn\u2019t have to make any payment under the contract\n\n- the worker can say what information shouldn\u2019t be included in the publication\n\nThis covers the following types of workers:\n\n- composer\n\n- writer\n\n- artist\n\n- director or producer\n\n- production manager\n\n- lighting cameraman, camera operator\n\n- make up artist, clothes, hair or make up stylist\n\n- film editor\n\n- action arranger or co-ordinator, stunt arranger\n\n- costume or production designer\n\n- recording engineer\n\n- property master\n\n- film continuity person\n\n- sound mixer\n\n- photographer\n\n- stage manager\n\n- choreographer or theatre designer\n\n## Refunds for promotional services\n\nWork-seekers have the right to a refund if the promotional information isn\u2019t made available to potential hirers within 60 days of a fee being paid.\n\n## Fees for fashion and photographic models\n\nYou can\u2019t charge fees or deduct money from a model\u2019s earnings until they agree to your terms and conditions.\n\nYou can\u2019t charge any upfront fees for finding work for photographic and fashion models. This includes putting information about the models in a publication or website.\n\nHowever, after you\u2019ve found work for a model you can charge fees for:\n\n- including information about them in a publication or website\n\n- providing a service to find the model work (these fees must have been agreed with the model before you started looking for work for them)\n\n## Fees for other services\n\nYou can charge fees for other services such as producing a photo or show reel. You have to put the terms and conditions for these in a separate document. You need to give this to the performer, model or entertainment worker before providing these services.\n\nYou can\u2019t make using other services you provide a condition of you finding work for someone.\n\nYou can\u2019t charge fees until 30 days after the start of the contract for these services.\u00a0The performer, model or entertainment worker can cancel within these 30 days and won\u2019t have to pay you anything.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can charge fees as an entertainment and modelling agency for finding someone work.

    ", + "

    The fees you charge depend on if the person is:

    ", + "
  • a performer or worker
    • ", + "
  • a model
    • ", + "

    Workers, performers and models need to agree to your terms and conditions before you can charge fees.

    ", + "

    Terms and conditions

    ", + "

    Terms and conditions of your service and your fees must be agreed in writing (for example, in a contract) with the worker, performer or model.

    ", + "

    These must include details of:

    ", + "
  • the work-finding services that you\u2019ll provide them
    • ", + "
  • any authority you have to act on behalf of them
    • ", + "
  • any authorisations to receive any money on behalf of them
    • ", + "
  • any fees or commissions you\u2019ll charge for finding work
    • ", + "
  • how your fee or commission will be paid
    • ", + "
  • how any commissions or fees will be refunded
    • ", + "
  • the length of time the worker, performer or model needs to give to end the contract
    • ", + "
  • the length of time you need to give to end a worker, performer or models\u2019s contract
    • ", + "

    Fees for performers and workers

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t charge fees or deduct money from an entertainment worker or performer\u2019s earnings until they agree to your terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    Promotional fees for performers and entertainment workers (not models)

    ", + "

    You can only charge upfront fees for listing the worker or performer\u2019s details in promotional publications or on websites to help them find work.

    ", + "

    Promotional publication includes listing information in publications or on websites and photographs or audio or video recordings.

    ", + "

    You must give the worker or performer a chance to see any copies.

    ", + "

    Other fees or commission for finding work normally come out of the worker or performer\u2019s earnings from the employment that you found.

    ", + "

    Fees for promoting performers

    ", + "

    You can only charge fees 30 days after the start of the contract (if there is a fee for promoting a performer).

    ", + "

    In that 30-day period the performer can cancel or withdraw from the contract without penalty and won\u2019t have to make any payment.

    ", + "

    You need to show the performer any promotional photographs, audio or video before its published. They then have 7 days to object to anything being used.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t charge the performer until the 7 days is over or you\u2019ve dealt with any reasonable requirement from the performer, whichever is later.

    ", + "

    You can charge fees for the following performers:

    ", + "
  • actors
    • ", + "
  • background artists
    • ", + "
  • dancers
    • ", + "
  • extras
    • ", + "
  • musicians
    • ", + "
  • singers
    • ", + "
  • other performers
    • ", + "

    Fees for entertainment workers (except models)

    ", + "

    If there is a fee for promoting a worker, you can only charge this 7 days after the start of the contract.

    ", + "

    In that 7-day period:

    ", + "
  • the worker can cancel or withdraw from the contract without penalty
    • ", + "
  • the worker doesn\u2019t have to make any payment under the contract
    • ", + "
  • the worker can say what information shouldn\u2019t be included in the publication
    • ", + "

    This covers the following types of workers:

    ", + "
  • composer
    • ", + "
  • writer
    • ", + "
  • artist
    • ", + "
  • director or producer
    • ", + "
  • production manager
    • ", + "
  • lighting cameraman, camera operator
    • ", + "
  • make up artist, clothes, hair or make up stylist
    • ", + "
  • film editor
    • ", + "
  • action arranger or co-ordinator, stunt arranger
    • ", + "
  • costume or production designer
    • ", + "
  • recording engineer
    • ", + "
  • property master
    • ", + "
  • film continuity person
    • ", + "
  • sound mixer
    • ", + "
  • photographer
    • ", + "
  • stage manager
    • ", + "
  • choreographer or theatre designer
    • ", + "

    Refunds for promotional services

    ", + "

    Work-seekers have the right to a refund if the promotional information isn\u2019t made available to potential hirers within 60 days of a fee being paid.

    ", + "

    Fees for fashion and photographic models

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t charge fees or deduct money from a model\u2019s earnings until they agree to your terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t charge any upfront fees for finding work for photographic and fashion models. This includes putting information about the models in a publication or website.

    ", + "

    However, after you\u2019ve found work for a model you can charge fees for:

    ", + "
  • including information about them in a publication or website
    • ", + "
  • providing a service to find the model work (these fees must have been agreed with the model before you started looking for work for them)
    • ", + "

    Fees for other services

    ", + "

    You can charge fees for other services such as producing a photo or show reel. You have to put the terms and conditions for these in a separate document. You need to give this to the performer, model or entertainment worker before providing these services.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t make using other services you provide a condition of you finding work for someone.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t charge fees until 30 days after the start of the contract for these services.\u00a0The performer, model or entertainment worker can cancel within these 30 days and won\u2019t have to pay you anything.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/data-protection-your-business": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/data-protection-your-business", + "title": "Data protection and your business", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must follow rules on data protection if your business stores or uses personal information.\n\nThis applies to information kept on staff, customers and account holders, for example when you:\n\n- recruit staff\n\n- manage staff records\n\n- market your products or services\n\n- use CCTV\n\nThis could include:\n\n- keeping customers\u2019 addresses on file\n\n- recording staff working hours\n\n- giving delivery information to a delivery company\n\nFor information on direct marketing, see marketing and advertising: the law.\n\n## Data protection rules\n\nYou must make sure the information is kept secure, accurate and up to date.\n\nWhen you collect someone\u2019s personal data you must tell them who you are and how you\u2019ll use their information, including if it\u2019s being shared with other organisations.\n\nYou must also tell them that they have the right to:\n\n- see any information you hold about them and correct it if it\u2019s wrong\n\n- request their data is deleted\n\n- request their data is not used for certain purposes\n\nThe main data protection rules are set out in the data protection principles.\n\n## What you have to do\n\nYou must:\n\n- tell the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO) how your business uses personal information\n\n- respond to a data protection request, if someone asks to see what information you have about them\n\nYou could be given a heavy fine or made to pay compensation if you misuse personal data.\n\n## Recruitment and managing staff records\n\nYou must keep any data you collect on staff secure - lock paper records in filing cabinets or set passwords for computer records, for example.\n\nOnly keep the information for as long as you have a clear business need for it, and dispose of it securely afterwards - by shredding, for example.\n\n## Recruiting staff\n\nYou must give the name of your business and contact details (or those of the agency) on job adverts.\n\nOnly collect the personal information you need on application forms, and do not ask for irrelevant information, like banking details.\n\nOnly keep the information for recruitment - do not use it for a marketing mailing list, for example.\n\n## Keeping staff records\n\nMake sure only appropriate staff, with the right training, can see staff records, and store sensitive information (such as health or criminal records) separately.\n\nIf you\u2019re asked to provide a reference, check the worker or ex-staff member is happy for you to do so.\n\n## Letting staff see their records\n\nYour staff have the right to ask for a copy of the information you hold about them.\n\nThis includes information about grievance and disciplinary issues.\n\nYou must respond to their request within 30 days.\n\nYou may be able to withhold some information when responding to a request if the information concerns someone else - you need to protect someone who\u2019s accused them of harassment, for example.\n\nStaff can complain if they think their information is being misused, and you could be ordered to pay a fine or compensation.\n\n## Monitoring staff at work\n\nYou must be able to justify monitoring staff at work, which could include:\n\n- using CCTV\n\n- keeping records of phone calls\n\n- logging their email or internet use\n\n- searching staff or their work areas\n\nEmployees have rights at work and if you do not treat them fairly they could:\n\n- take you to an employment tribunal\n\n- complain to the Information Commissioner\n\nYou must make them aware that they\u2019re being monitored, and why - for example by sending them an email.\n\nAlso explain your policies on things like using work computers or phones for personal use.\n\n## Monitoring staff without their knowledge\n\nYou can monitor staff without their knowledge if:\n\n- you suspect they\u2019re breaking the law\n\n- letting them know about it would make it hard to detect the crime\n\nOnly do this as part of a specific investigation, and stop when the investigation is over.\n\n## Using CCTV\n\nIf your business uses CCTV, you must register your details with the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO) and pay a data protection fee, unless you are exempt.\n\nCheck if you need to pay the data protection fee.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- tell people they may be recorded, usually by displaying signs, which must be clearly visible and readable\n\n- control who can see the recordings\n\n- make sure the system is only used for the purpose it was intended for - for example, if it was set up to detect crime, you must not use it to monitor how much work your staff do\n\nThe ICO has guidance with more details about CCTV.\n\n## How to pay the fee\n\nYou can register and pay the fee online.\n\n## Letting people see CCTV recordings\n\nAnyone can ask to see images that you\u2019ve recorded of them. Usually, you must usually provide the footage free of charge within 1 calendar month.\n\nFind out more about CCTV and data protection rules.\n\nData protection rules do not apply if you install a camera on your own home for household purposes - for example, to protect it from burglary. Find out more about using CCTV in the home.\n\n## Get advice on data protection\n\nFor more information and advice:\n\n- read the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO) guidance for organisations\n\n- chat online with an advisor\n\n- contact the ICO", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must follow rules on data protection if your business stores or uses personal information.

    ", + "

    This applies to information kept on staff, customers and account holders, for example when you:

    ", + "
  • recruit staff
    • ", + "
  • manage staff records
    • ", + "
  • market your products or services
    • ", + "
  • use CCTV
    • ", + "

    This could include:

    ", + "
  • keeping customers\u2019 addresses on file
    • ", + "
  • recording staff working hours
    • ", + "
  • giving delivery information to a delivery company
    • ", + "

    For information on direct marketing, see marketing and advertising: the law.

    ", + "

    Data protection rules

    ", + "

    You must make sure the information is kept secure, accurate and up to date.

    ", + "

    When you collect someone\u2019s personal data you must tell them who you are and how you\u2019ll use their information, including if it\u2019s being shared with other organisations.

    ", + "

    You must also tell them that they have the right to:

    ", + "
  • see any information you hold about them and correct it if it\u2019s wrong
    • ", + "
  • request their data is deleted
    • ", + "
  • request their data is not used for certain purposes
    • ", + "

    The main data protection rules are set out in the data protection principles.

    ", + "

    What you have to do

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • tell the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO) how your business uses personal information
    • ", + "
  • respond to a data protection request, if someone asks to see what information you have about them
    • ", + "

    You could be given a heavy fine or made to pay compensation if you misuse personal data.

    ", + "

    Recruitment and managing staff records

    ", + "

    You must keep any data you collect on staff secure - lock paper records in filing cabinets or set passwords for computer records, for example.

    ", + "

    Only keep the information for as long as you have a clear business need for it, and dispose of it securely afterwards - by shredding, for example.

    ", + "

    Recruiting staff

    ", + "

    You must give the name of your business and contact details (or those of the agency) on job adverts.

    ", + "

    Only collect the personal information you need on application forms, and do not ask for irrelevant information, like banking details.

    ", + "

    Only keep the information for recruitment - do not use it for a marketing mailing list, for example.

    ", + "

    Keeping staff records

    ", + "

    Make sure only appropriate staff, with the right training, can see staff records, and store sensitive information (such as health or criminal records) separately.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to provide a reference, check the worker or ex-staff member is happy for you to do so.

    ", + "

    Letting staff see their records

    ", + "

    Your staff have the right to ask for a copy of the information you hold about them.

    ", + "

    This includes information about grievance and disciplinary issues.

    ", + "

    You must respond to their request within 30 days.

    ", + "

    You may be able to withhold some information when responding to a request if the information concerns someone else - you need to protect someone who\u2019s accused them of harassment, for example.

    ", + "

    Staff can complain if they think their information is being misused, and you could be ordered to pay a fine or compensation.

    ", + "

    Monitoring staff at work

    ", + "

    You must be able to justify monitoring staff at work, which could include:

    ", + "
  • using CCTV
    • ", + "
  • keeping records of phone calls
    • ", + "
  • logging their email or internet use
    • ", + "
  • searching staff or their work areas
    • ", + "

    Employees have rights at work and if you do not treat them fairly they could:

    ", + "
  • take you to an employment tribunal
    • ", + "
  • complain to the Information Commissioner
    • ", + "

    You must make them aware that they\u2019re being monitored, and why - for example by sending them an email.

    ", + "

    Also explain your policies on things like using work computers or phones for personal use.

    ", + "

    Monitoring staff without their knowledge

    ", + "

    You can monitor staff without their knowledge if:

    ", + "
  • you suspect they\u2019re breaking the law
    • ", + "
  • letting them know about it would make it hard to detect the crime
    • ", + "

    Only do this as part of a specific investigation, and stop when the investigation is over.

    ", + "

    Using CCTV

    ", + "

    If your business uses CCTV, you must register your details with the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO) and pay a data protection fee, unless you are exempt.

    ", + "

    Check if you need to pay the data protection fee.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • tell people they may be recorded, usually by displaying signs, which must be clearly visible and readable
    • ", + "
  • control who can see the recordings
    • ", + "
  • make sure the system is only used for the purpose it was intended for - for example, if it was set up to detect crime, you must not use it to monitor how much work your staff do
    • ", + "

    The ICO has guidance with more details about CCTV.

    ", + "

    How to pay the fee

    ", + "

    You can register and pay the fee online.

    ", + "

    Letting people see CCTV recordings

    ", + "

    Anyone can ask to see images that you\u2019ve recorded of them. Usually, you must usually provide the footage free of charge within 1 calendar month.

    ", + "

    Find out more about CCTV and data protection rules.

    ", + "

    Data protection rules do not apply if you install a camera on your own home for household purposes - for example, to protect it from burglary. Find out more about using CCTV in the home.

    ", + "

    Get advice on data protection

    ", + "

    For more information and advice:

    ", + "
  • read the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO) guidance for organisations
    • ", + "
  • chat online with an advisor
    • ", + "
  • contact the ICO
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/invoicing-and-taking-payment-from-customers": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/invoicing-and-taking-payment-from-customers", + "title": "Invoicing and taking payment from customers", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you sell a customer a product or a service, you need to give them an invoice (bill) by law if both you and the customer are registered for VAT (a business to business transaction). An invoice is not the same as a receipt, which is an acknowledgement of payment.\n\nThe invoice must include certain information such as:\n\n- how much the customer needs to pay you\n\n- when the customer must pay you\n\nYou and the customer also have certain obligations on payment.\n\n## Invoices - what they must include\n\nYour invoice must include:\n\n- a unique identification number\n\n- your company name, address and contact information\n\n- the company name and address of the customer you\u2019re invoicing\n\n- a clear description of what you\u2019re charging for\n\n- the date the goods or service were provided (supply date)\n\n- the date of the invoice\n\n- the amount(s) being charged\n\n- VAT amount if applicable\n\n- the total amount owed\n\n## Sole trader invoices\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader, the invoice must also include:\n\n- your name and any business name being used\n\n- an address where any legal documents can be delivered to you if you are using a business name\n\n## Limited company invoices\n\nIf your company is a limited company, you must include the full company name as it appears on the certificate of incorporation.\n\nIf you decide to put names of your directors on your invoices, you must include the names of all directors.\n\n## VAT invoices\n\nYou must use VAT invoices if you and your customer are VAT registered.\n\nThese include more information than non-VAT invoices.\n\n## Payment - obligations\n\n## Your right to be paid\n\nYou can set your own payment terms, such as discounts for early payment and payment upfront.\n\nUnless you agree a payment date, the customer must pay you within 30 days of getting your invoice or the goods or service.\n\nYou can use a statutory demand to formally request payment of what you\u2019re owed.\n\n## Charging interest for late payment\n\nYou have the right to charge interest for late payment, but you can choose not to.\n\n## Liability for disputed card payments\n\nIf a customer asks their credit or debit card issuer to reverse a transaction, they can reclaim the value of the transaction from you. This is known as a \u2018chargeback\u2019.\n\nChargebacks can be made when:\n\n- the purchased item never arrived\n\n- the item wasn\u2019t as described\n\n- a customer\u2019s card was used without their permission to purchase the item fraudulently.\n\nYou can be charged up to 120 days after the transaction has been debited or from when the goods or services were due to be received.\n\n## Minimising chargebacks\n\nIf a customer uses their PIN, you\u2019ll only be liable for a chargeback if the goods are faulty or aren\u2019t as described.\n\nWhere you can\u2019t accept a PIN, a clear signature will help but there is no guarantee against a chargeback.\n\nFor card-not-present transactions, such as online sales, the risks of chargeback will be higher.\n\n## Regulation\n\nIf you want to set up a business that takes a sum of money from a customer every time they use a service, for example, online trading, you may need to be authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority.\n\nIf customers pay you in large amounts of cash, your business may need to be \nregistered for an anti-money laundering scheme.\n\n## Protecting customer data\n\nYou must follow the rules on storing customer data to protect their financial information.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you sell a customer a product or a service, you need to give them an invoice (bill) by law if both you and the customer are registered for VAT (a business to business transaction). An invoice is not the same as a receipt, which is an acknowledgement of payment.

    ", + "

    The invoice must include certain information such as:

    ", + "
  • how much the customer needs to pay you
    • ", + "
  • when the customer must pay you
    • ", + "

    You and the customer also have certain obligations on payment.

    ", + "

    Invoices - what they must include

    ", + "

    Your invoice must include:

    ", + "
  • a unique identification number
    • ", + "
  • your company name, address and contact information
    • ", + "
  • the company name and address of the customer you\u2019re invoicing
    • ", + "
  • a clear description of what you\u2019re charging for
    • ", + "
  • the date the goods or service were provided (supply date)
    • ", + "
  • the date of the invoice
    • ", + "
  • the amount(s) being charged
    • ", + "
  • VAT amount if applicable
    • ", + "
  • the total amount owed
    • ", + "

    Sole trader invoices

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader, the invoice must also include:

    ", + "
  • your name and any business name being used
    • ", + "
  • an address where any legal documents can be delivered to you if you are using a business name
    • ", + "

    Limited company invoices

    ", + "

    If your company is a limited company, you must include the full company name as it appears on the certificate of incorporation.

    ", + "

    If you decide to put names of your directors on your invoices, you must include the names of all directors.

    ", + "

    VAT invoices

    ", + "

    You must use VAT invoices if you and your customer are VAT registered.

    ", + "

    These include more information than non-VAT invoices.

    ", + "

    Payment - obligations

    ", + "

    Your right to be paid

    ", + "

    You can set your own payment terms, such as discounts for early payment and payment upfront.

    ", + "

    Unless you agree a payment date, the customer must pay you within 30 days of getting your invoice or the goods or service.

    ", + "

    You can use a statutory demand to formally request payment of what you\u2019re owed.

    ", + "

    Charging interest for late payment

    ", + "

    You have the right to charge interest for late payment, but you can choose not to.

    ", + "

    Liability for disputed card payments

    ", + "

    If a customer asks their credit or debit card issuer to reverse a transaction, they can reclaim the value of the transaction from you. This is known as a \u2018chargeback\u2019.

    ", + "

    Chargebacks can be made when:

    ", + "
  • the purchased item never arrived
    • ", + "
  • the item wasn\u2019t as described
    • ", + "
  • a customer\u2019s card was used without their permission to purchase the item fraudulently.
    • ", + "

    You can be charged up to 120 days after the transaction has been debited or from when the goods or services were due to be received.

    ", + "

    Minimising chargebacks

    ", + "

    If a customer uses their PIN, you\u2019ll only be liable for a chargeback if the goods are faulty or aren\u2019t as described.

    ", + "

    Where you can\u2019t accept a PIN, a clear signature will help but there is no guarantee against a chargeback.

    ", + "

    For card-not-present transactions, such as online sales, the risks of chargeback will be higher.

    ", + "

    Regulation

    ", + "

    If you want to set up a business that takes a sum of money from a customer every time they use a service, for example, online trading, you may need to be authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority.

    ", + "

    If customers pay you in large amounts of cash, your business may need to be \nregistered for an anti-money laundering scheme.

    ", + "

    Protecting customer data

    ", + "

    You must follow the rules on storing customer data to protect their financial information.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/marketing-advertising-law": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marketing-advertising-law", + "title": "Marketing and advertising: the law", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAll marketing and advertising must be:\n\n- an accurate description of the product or service\n\n- legal\n\n- decent\n\n- truthful\n\n- honest\n\n- socially responsible (not encouraging illegal, unsafe or anti-social behaviour)\n\nThere are regulations that restrict what advertisers can and cannot do.\n\nAs well as the regulations, there are 2 advertising codes of practice that you need to follow to help you advertise legally.\n\nYou must describe your product or service accurately.\n\n## Requirements for specific products\n\nThere are also specific requirements that apply to certain sectors, such as:\n\n- food\n\n- alcohol\n\n- beauty products\n\n- environmentally friendly products\n\n- medicines\n\n- tobacco\n\nFor example, you can only claim your drink is \u2018low in alcohol\u2019 if it contains between 0.5% and 1.2% alcohol by volume.\n\n## Data protection\n\nIf you\u2019re gathering, storing or using information about customers or potential customers, you must also protect their data.\n\n## Regulations that affect advertising\n\n## Advertising to consumers\n\nThe Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations mean you cannot mislead or harass consumers by, for example:\n\n- including false or deceptive messages\n\n- leaving out important information\n\n- using aggressive sales techniques\n\nRead \u2018The consumer protection from unfair trading regulations\u2019 for the rules on advertising legally.\n\n## Advertising to businesses\n\nAdvertising to businesses is covered by the Business Protection from Misleading Marketing Regulations. As well as being accurate and honest, you must not make misleading comparisons with competitors, that includes:\n\n- using a competitor\u2019s logo or trademark, or something very similar\n\n- comparing your product with a competitor\u2019s product that\u2019s not the same\n\nDownload \u2018The Business Protection from Misleading Marketing Regulations 2008\u2019 for more detail about the regulations that cover advertising to businesses.\n\n## Penalties\n\nIf you break the regulations, you could be reported to a local Trading Standards office. You could be fined, prosecuted or imprisoned.\n\n## Advertising codes of practice\n\nThere are 2 advertising codes of practice that describe how businesses should advertise.\n\nThey cover all kinds of promotional communications, depending where the advert or promotion will appear.\n\n## Non-broadcast media\n\nThe CAP non-broadcast code has rules that cover non-broadcast advertising (for example print, online), sales promotion and direct marketing (such as telesales and email).\n\nThe code specifies standards for accuracy and honesty that businesses must stick to, including specific conditions, such as:\n\n- advertising to children\n\n- causing offence\n\n- political advertising\n\n## Broadcast media (for example TV, radio)\n\nYou must follow the CAP broadcast code, which covers issues including taste, decency and product placement.\n\nAs well as setting standards about accuracy and honesty businesses must stick to, they also have rules about things like scheduling.\n\n## General broadcasting rules\n\nYou also need to follow rules about taste, decency, product placement etc that apply to all broadcasting.\n\nThese are called \u2018broadcast codes\u2019. Find out more about them on the Ofcom website.\n\n## Enforcing the rules\n\nThe rules are enforced by the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA).\n\nAnyone who thinks advertising rules have been broken can complain to the ASA within 3 months of the advert appearing.\n\nIf an advert breaks the rules, it may be withdrawn. If the product does not match the description or the advert breaks the law, you could be prosecuted.\n\n## Describing your product\n\nYou must describe your product accurately. This means if you make a claim about your product, you must be able to prove what you say.\n\n## Prices\n\nYour adverts must describe the actual cost accurately, including any ongoing or associated costs (like subscription fees) and taxes (such as VAT).\n\n## Direct marketing\n\nYou must check if customers want to be contacted by fax, phone, post or email, and give them the chance to object. You must be able to prove you\u2019ve done this.\n\nWhen you collect customer details, you must get their permission if you want to send them other offers or promotions.\n\nYou must also ask for their permission if you want to share their information with another organisation.\n\n## Letting customers opt out\n\nCustomers have the right to stop their information being used for direct marketing.\n\nYou must make it easy to opt out - for example by sending a \u2018STOP\u2019 text to a short number, or using an \u2018unsubscribe\u2019 link.\n\n## Telesales and fax marketing\n\nYou must say who you are when you make a telesales call, and give your address or phone number if you\u2019re asked for it. The number for customers to call must be a freephone number.\n\nYou\u2019re not allowed to send marketing faxes to individuals unless you\u2019ve received their prior permission, but you can send unsolicited faxes to companies.\n\nYou must be able to prove that you\u2019ve checked you\u2019re not contacting anyone who does not want to be contacted.\n\nCheck who\u2019s asked not to receive calls or faxes using the:\n\n- Telephone Preference Service\n\n- Fax Preference Service\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to phone or fax someone registered with these services if you do not have their permission. You can be fined up to \u00a3500,000 for each unsolicited phonecall.\n\n## Automated calls\n\nIf you want to make automated calls - with pre-recorded phone messages - you must get the permission of the individual or business first.\n\n## Direct mail\n\nCheck that your mailing lists do not include anyone who\u2019s asked not to receive direct mailing, using the Mail Preference Service.\n\n## Email marketing and text messages\n\nYou\u2019re only allowed to send marketing emails to individual customers if they\u2019ve given you permission.\n\nEmails or text messages must clearly indicate:\n\n- who you are\n\n- that you\u2019re selling something\n\n- what the promotions are, and any conditions\n\nCheck that you are not sending emails to anyone who\u2019s asked not to receive them, using the Email Preference Service.\n\nIf you buy or rent a mailing list, ask the supplier if you have the right to use it for email marketing.\n\nEvery marketing email you send must give the person the ability to opt out of (or \u2018unsubscribe from\u2019) further emails.\n\nYou must tell customers if you add them to a list of people who do not want to be emailed.\n\n## Cookies\n\nYou must tell visitors to your website how your site uses cookies, and ask if they want to accept them.\n\nThe information should be easy to understand.\n\nFind out more about cookies on the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office website and AboutCookies.org.\n\nCustomers can complain if you misuse their information, and you could be ordered to pay a fine or compensation.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    All marketing and advertising must be:

    ", + "
  • an accurate description of the product or service
    • ", + "
  • legal
    • ", + "
  • decent
    • ", + "
  • truthful
    • ", + "
  • honest
    • ", + "
  • socially responsible (not encouraging illegal, unsafe or anti-social behaviour)
    • ", + "

    There are regulations that restrict what advertisers can and cannot do.

    ", + "

    As well as the regulations, there are 2 advertising codes of practice that you need to follow to help you advertise legally.

    ", + "

    You must describe your product or service accurately.

    ", + "

    Requirements for specific products

    ", + "

    There are also specific requirements that apply to certain sectors, such as:

    ", + "
  • food
    • ", + "
  • alcohol
    • ", + "
  • beauty products
    • ", + "
  • environmentally friendly products
    • ", + "
  • medicines
    • ", + "
  • tobacco
    • ", + "

    For example, you can only claim your drink is \u2018low in alcohol\u2019 if it contains between 0.5% and 1.2% alcohol by volume.

    ", + "

    Data protection

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re gathering, storing or using information about customers or potential customers, you must also protect their data.

    ", + "

    Regulations that affect advertising

    ", + "

    Advertising to consumers

    ", + "

    The Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations mean you cannot mislead or harass consumers by, for example:

    ", + "
  • including false or deceptive messages
    • ", + "
  • leaving out important information
    • ", + "
  • using aggressive sales techniques
    • ", + "

    Read \u2018The consumer protection from unfair trading regulations\u2019 for the rules on advertising legally.

    ", + "

    Advertising to businesses

    ", + "

    Advertising to businesses is covered by the Business Protection from Misleading Marketing Regulations. As well as being accurate and honest, you must not make misleading comparisons with competitors, that includes:

    ", + "
  • using a competitor\u2019s logo or trademark, or something very similar
    • ", + "
  • comparing your product with a competitor\u2019s product that\u2019s not the same
    • ", + "

    Download \u2018The Business Protection from Misleading Marketing Regulations 2008\u2019 for more detail about the regulations that cover advertising to businesses.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    If you break the regulations, you could be reported to a local Trading Standards office. You could be fined, prosecuted or imprisoned.

    ", + "

    Advertising codes of practice

    ", + "

    There are 2 advertising codes of practice that describe how businesses should advertise.

    ", + "

    They cover all kinds of promotional communications, depending where the advert or promotion will appear.

    ", + "

    Non-broadcast media

    ", + "

    The CAP non-broadcast code has rules that cover non-broadcast advertising (for example print, online), sales promotion and direct marketing (such as telesales and email).

    ", + "

    The code specifies standards for accuracy and honesty that businesses must stick to, including specific conditions, such as:

    ", + "
  • advertising to children
    • ", + "
  • causing offence
    • ", + "
  • political advertising
    • ", + "

    Broadcast media (for example TV, radio)

    ", + "

    You must follow the CAP broadcast code, which covers issues including taste, decency and product placement.

    ", + "

    As well as setting standards about accuracy and honesty businesses must stick to, they also have rules about things like scheduling.

    ", + "

    General broadcasting rules

    ", + "

    You also need to follow rules about taste, decency, product placement etc that apply to all broadcasting.

    ", + "

    These are called \u2018broadcast codes\u2019. Find out more about them on the Ofcom website.

    ", + "

    Enforcing the rules

    ", + "

    The rules are enforced by the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA).

    ", + "

    Anyone who thinks advertising rules have been broken can complain to the ASA within 3 months of the advert appearing.

    ", + "

    If an advert breaks the rules, it may be withdrawn. If the product does not match the description or the advert breaks the law, you could be prosecuted.

    ", + "

    Describing your product

    ", + "

    You must describe your product accurately. This means if you make a claim about your product, you must be able to prove what you say.

    ", + "

    Prices

    ", + "

    Your adverts must describe the actual cost accurately, including any ongoing or associated costs (like subscription fees) and taxes (such as VAT).

    ", + "

    Direct marketing

    ", + "

    You must check if customers want to be contacted by fax, phone, post or email, and give them the chance to object. You must be able to prove you\u2019ve done this.

    ", + "

    When you collect customer details, you must get their permission if you want to send them other offers or promotions.

    ", + "

    You must also ask for their permission if you want to share their information with another organisation.

    ", + "

    Letting customers opt out

    ", + "

    Customers have the right to stop their information being used for direct marketing.

    ", + "

    You must make it easy to opt out - for example by sending a \u2018STOP\u2019 text to a short number, or using an \u2018unsubscribe\u2019 link.

    ", + "

    Telesales and fax marketing

    ", + "

    You must say who you are when you make a telesales call, and give your address or phone number if you\u2019re asked for it. The number for customers to call must be a freephone number.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not allowed to send marketing faxes to individuals unless you\u2019ve received their prior permission, but you can send unsolicited faxes to companies.

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that you\u2019ve checked you\u2019re not contacting anyone who does not want to be contacted.

    ", + "

    Check who\u2019s asked not to receive calls or faxes using the:

    ", + "
  • Telephone Preference Service
    • ", + "
  • Fax Preference Service
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to phone or fax someone registered with these services if you do not have their permission. You can be fined up to \u00a3500,000 for each unsolicited phonecall.

    ", + "

    Automated calls

    ", + "

    If you want to make automated calls - with pre-recorded phone messages - you must get the permission of the individual or business first.

    ", + "

    Direct mail

    ", + "

    Check that your mailing lists do not include anyone who\u2019s asked not to receive direct mailing, using the Mail Preference Service.

    ", + "

    Email marketing and text messages

    ", + "

    You\u2019re only allowed to send marketing emails to individual customers if they\u2019ve given you permission.

    ", + "

    Emails or text messages must clearly indicate:

    ", + "
  • who you are
    • ", + "
  • that you\u2019re selling something
    • ", + "
  • what the promotions are, and any conditions
    • ", + "

    Check that you are not sending emails to anyone who\u2019s asked not to receive them, using the Email Preference Service.

    ", + "

    If you buy or rent a mailing list, ask the supplier if you have the right to use it for email marketing.

    ", + "

    Every marketing email you send must give the person the ability to opt out of (or \u2018unsubscribe from\u2019) further emails.

    ", + "

    You must tell customers if you add them to a list of people who do not want to be emailed.

    ", + "

    Cookies

    ", + "

    You must tell visitors to your website how your site uses cookies, and ask if they want to accept them.

    ", + "

    The information should be easy to understand.

    ", + "

    Find out more about cookies on the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office website and AboutCookies.org.

    ", + "

    Customers can complain if you misuse their information, and you could be ordered to pay a fine or compensation.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "title": "Weights and measures: the law", + "content": "## Units of measurement\n\nYou must use metric measurements (grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres) when selling packaged or loose goods in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nThere are different rules in Northern Ireland.\n\nThe only products you can sell in imperial measures are:\n\n- draught beer or cider by pint\n\n- milk in returnable containers by pint\n\n- precious metals by troy ounce\n\nYou can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.\n\n## Specified quantities\n\nSome goods must be sold in fixed sizes known as \u2018specified quantities\u2019.\n\n## Alcohol\n\nThere are different rules depending on whether you\u2019re selling by the glass or bottle.\n\n## By the glass\n\n| | Measures |\n\n| Still wine | 125ml, 175ml, multiples of 125ml and 175ml |\n\n| Port, sherry or other fortified wine | 50ml, 70ml, multiples of 50ml or 70ml |\n\n| Gin, rum, vodka and whisky | Either 25ml and multiples of 25ml, or 35ml and multiples of 35ml (not both on the same premises) |\n\n| Draught beer and cider | Third, half, two-thirds of a pint and multiples of half a pint |\n\nThere are no specified quantities for sparkling wine or yellow wine by the glass or spirits other than gin, rum, vodka and whisky.\n\n## Packaged in bottles, boxes or similar\n\n| | Volume by millilitre (ml) |\n\n| Still wine | 100, 187, 250, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 |\n\n| Yellow wine | 620 |\n\n| Sparkling wine | 125, 200, 375, 750, 1500 |\n\n| Fortified wine | 100, 200, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 |\n\n| Spirit drinks | 100, 200, 350, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 1750, 2000 |\n\nYou can sell packaged alcohol in any volume if it\u2019s below the minimum or above the maximum allowed for specified quantities.\n\n| | Minimum (ml) | Maximum (ml) |\n\n| Still wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Yellow wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Sparkling wine | 125 | 1500 |\n\n| Fortified wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Spirit drinks | 100 | 2000 |\n\nThere are no specified quantities for packaged beer or cider.\n\n## Solid fuel\n\nYou can sell sealed bags of solid fuel in any size you wish but if you\u2019re selling it loose, you can only sell it in quantities of:\n\n- 25kg\n\n- 50kg\n\n- multiples of 50kg\n\n## Packaged goods\n\nPackaged goods are products that are all of these:\n\n- sold sealed\n\n- between 5g and 25kg or 5ml and 25 litres\n\n- the same weight or volume as other products of the same type\n\nThere are 2 ways to pack your products.\n\n## Minimum system\n\nYou can pack your products so that they contain at least the quantity displayed on the label. The packages can contain more than the label says, but not less.\n\n## Average system\n\nYou can pack your products to an average measurement that is on the label. You must check your packages to make sure a random sample is packed to meet all these rules - known as the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules\u2019:\n\n- the contents of the packages must not be less, on average, than the weight on the label\n\n- only a small number can fall below a certain margin of error, known as the \u2018tolerable negative error\u2019 (TNE)\n\n- no package can be underweight by more than twice the TNE\n\n| Quantity in grams and millilitres | TNE as % of quantity | TNE in grams or millilitres |\n\n| 5 to 50 | 9 | n/a |\n\n| 50 to 100 | n/a | 4.5 |\n\n| 100 to 200 | 4.5 | n/a |\n\n| 200 to 300 | n/a | 9 |\n\n| 300 to 500 | 3 | n/a |\n\n| 500 to 1,000 | n/a | 15 |\n\n| 1,000 to 10,000 | 1.5 | n/a |\n\n| 10,000 to 15,000 | n/a | 150 |\n\n| more than 15,000 | 1 | n/a |\n\nIf you\u2019re calculating the TNE as a percentage of the quantity, you must round up the weight or volume to the nearest 0.10 of a gram or millilitre.\n\nContact your local Trading Standards office for help with packing to the average system.\n\nRead the \u2018Weights and Measures (Packaged Goods) 2006\u2019 guidance for business for more information.\n\nYou must make sure packaged goods you\u2019re producing or importing are packed and labelled correctly.\n\nYou can be fined or sent to prison if you break the rules.\n\n## Equipment and records\n\n## Equipment for packaged goods\n\nThe equipment you use to weigh or measure your packaged goods has to be suitable. There are no hard and fast rules about what equipment you should use but you cannot use domestic scales to weigh goods you intend to sell.\n\nYour local Trading Standards office will tell you what is suitable equipment for your business sector.\n\nTrading Standards will check the weights and measures of your goods on your production line to make sure the equipment is accurate.\n\n## Records\n\nYou must keep records if you pack your products using the average system. You must record the results of your sample batches and show that they meet the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules.\n\nYou do not have to keep records if you measure every package or you use the minimum system to pack your products.\n\nYou must keep your records for at least one year from either the date you ship the packages or the \u2018use by\u2019 date on the package - whichever is shorter.\n\nYour local Trading Standards office can advise you about how to keep records.\n\n## Labelling packaged goods\n\nYou must put the weight or volume of your packaged goods on the label.\n\nThe quantity marking must be:\n\n- permanent\n\n- easy to see\n\n- meet a minimum height requirement\n\nYou can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.\n\n## Food\n\nRead the rules about what you must show on packaged food labels.\n\n## Exporting packaged goods\n\nYou must meet the rules for packaged goods in the country you\u2019re exporting to.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Units of measurement

    ", + "

    You must use metric measurements (grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres) when selling packaged or loose goods in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    There are different rules in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    The only products you can sell in imperial measures are:

    ", + "
  • draught beer or cider by pint
    • ", + "
  • milk in returnable containers by pint
    • ", + "
  • precious metals by troy ounce
    • ", + "

    You can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.

    ", + "

    Specified quantities

    ", + "

    Some goods must be sold in fixed sizes known as \u2018specified quantities\u2019.

    ", + "

    Alcohol

    ", + "

    There are different rules depending on whether you\u2019re selling by the glass or bottle.

    ", + "

    By the glass

    ", + " | Measures", + "Still wine | 125ml, 175ml, multiples of 125ml and 175ml", + "Port, sherry or other fortified wine | 50ml, 70ml, multiples of 50ml or 70ml", + "Gin, rum, vodka and whisky | Either 25ml and multiples of 25ml, or 35ml and multiples of 35ml (not both on the same premises)", + "Draught beer and cider | Third, half, two-thirds of a pint and multiples of half a pint", + "

    There are no specified quantities for sparkling wine or yellow wine by the glass or spirits other than gin, rum, vodka and whisky.

    ", + "

    Packaged in bottles, boxes or similar

    ", + " | Volume by millilitre (ml)", + "Still wine | 100, 187, 250, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500", + "Yellow wine | 620", + "Sparkling wine | 125, 200, 375, 750, 1500", + "Fortified wine | 100, 200, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500", + "Spirit drinks | 100, 200, 350, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 1750, 2000", + "

    You can sell packaged alcohol in any volume if it\u2019s below the minimum or above the maximum allowed for specified quantities.

    ", + " | Minimum (ml) | Maximum (ml)", + "Still wine | 100 | 1500", + "Yellow wine | 100 | 1500", + "Sparkling wine | 125 | 1500", + "Fortified wine | 100 | 1500", + "Spirit drinks | 100 | 2000", + "

    There are no specified quantities for packaged beer or cider.

    ", + "

    Solid fuel

    ", + "

    You can sell sealed bags of solid fuel in any size you wish but if you\u2019re selling it loose, you can only sell it in quantities of:

    ", + "
  • 25kg
    • ", + "
  • 50kg
    • ", + "
  • multiples of 50kg
    • ", + "

    Packaged goods

    ", + "

    Packaged goods are products that are all of these:

    ", + "
  • sold sealed
    • ", + "
  • between 5g and 25kg or 5ml and 25 litres
    • ", + "
  • the same weight or volume as other products of the same type
    • ", + "

    There are 2 ways to pack your products.

    ", + "

    Minimum system

    ", + "

    You can pack your products so that they contain at least the quantity displayed on the label. The packages can contain more than the label says, but not less.

    ", + "

    Average system

    ", + "

    You can pack your products to an average measurement that is on the label. You must check your packages to make sure a random sample is packed to meet all these rules - known as the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules\u2019:

    ", + "
  • the contents of the packages must not be less, on average, than the weight on the label
    • ", + "
  • only a small number can fall below a certain margin of error, known as the \u2018tolerable negative error\u2019 (TNE)
    • ", + "
  • no package can be underweight by more than twice the TNE
    • ", + "Quantity in grams and millilitres | TNE as % of quantity | TNE in grams or millilitres", + "5 to 50 | 9 | n/a", + "50 to 100 | n/a | 4.5", + "100 to 200 | 4.5 | n/a", + "200 to 300 | n/a | 9", + "300 to 500 | 3 | n/a", + "500 to 1,000 | n/a | 15", + "1,000 to 10,000 | 1.5 | n/a", + "10,000 to 15,000 | n/a | 150", + "more than 15,000 | 1 | n/a", + "

    If you\u2019re calculating the TNE as a percentage of the quantity, you must round up the weight or volume to the nearest 0.10 of a gram or millilitre.

    ", + "

    Contact your local Trading Standards office for help with packing to the average system.

    ", + "

    Read the \u2018Weights and Measures (Packaged Goods) 2006\u2019 guidance for business for more information.

    ", + "

    You must make sure packaged goods you\u2019re producing or importing are packed and labelled correctly.

    ", + "

    You can be fined or sent to prison if you break the rules.

    ", + "

    Equipment and records

    ", + "

    Equipment for packaged goods

    ", + "

    The equipment you use to weigh or measure your packaged goods has to be suitable. There are no hard and fast rules about what equipment you should use but you cannot use domestic scales to weigh goods you intend to sell.

    ", + "

    Your local Trading Standards office will tell you what is suitable equipment for your business sector.

    ", + "

    Trading Standards will check the weights and measures of your goods on your production line to make sure the equipment is accurate.

    ", + "

    Records

    ", + "

    You must keep records if you pack your products using the average system. You must record the results of your sample batches and show that they meet the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules.

    ", + "

    You do not have to keep records if you measure every package or you use the minimum system to pack your products.

    ", + "

    You must keep your records for at least one year from either the date you ship the packages or the \u2018use by\u2019 date on the package - whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    Your local Trading Standards office can advise you about how to keep records.

    ", + "

    Labelling packaged goods

    ", + "

    You must put the weight or volume of your packaged goods on the label.

    ", + "

    The quantity marking must be:

    ", + "
  • permanent
    • ", + "
  • easy to see
    • ", + "
  • meet a minimum height requirement
    • ", + "

    You can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.

    ", + "

    Food

    ", + "

    Read the rules about what you must show on packaged food labels.

    ", + "

    Exporting packaged goods

    ", + "

    You must meet the rules for packaged goods in the country you\u2019re exporting to.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/become-childminder-nanny": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-childminder-nanny", + "title": "Become a childminder or nanny (England)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you want to be paid to look after children under 8, you might need to register with Ofsted or a childminder agency.\n\nYou can get a fine if you do not register when you need to.\n\nYou must register as a childminder if all of the following apply:\n\n- the children are under the age of 8\n\n- you look after them for more than 2 hours a day\n\n- you look after them in your own home\n\n- you get paid to look after them - including payment in kind\n\nYou can register with Ofsted online. To register with a childminder agency, contact them directly.\n\nThere are different rules if you want to provide daycare outside someone\u2019s home - for example a nursery or creche.\n\nYou do not need to register if you\u2019re:\n\n- a nanny\n\n- a tutor\n\n- a babysitter and if you look after the children between 6pm and 2am\n\n- a family friend and if you look after the children less than 3 hours a day\n\nYou can still choose to register if you\u2019re a nanny or in other situations. This helps the child\u2019s parents qualify for free childcare.\n\nCheck which register to join if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## Who cannot register\n\nYou cannot register if you:\n\n- are under 18\n\n- are related to all of the children you look after\n\n- do not have the legal right to work in the UK\n\n- are barred from working with children\n\n- have been disqualified\n\n- have been refused registration in the past or had your registration cancelled - unless it was because you did not pay your annual fee\n\n- are childminding in a home where a disqualified person lives or works\n\nIf you\u2019ve been disqualified, you may be able to apply to waive your disqualification\n\n## Which register to join\n\nThere are 2 registers - the Early Years Register and the Childcare Register.\n\nWhich register you join depends on:\n\n- the age of the children you\u2019re looking after\n\n- if you\u2019re registering as a childminder or a nanny\n\nYou\u2019ll be prompted to join the correct register when you apply.\n\n## Children up to the age of 5\n\nIf you\u2019re a childminder and you look after children from birth to 5 years old you must join the Early Years Register. This lets you look after children up to 31 August after their fifth birthday.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a registration visit from Ofsted when you apply.\n\nAfter you join the register you must follow the early years foundation stage (EYFS) framework.\n\nNannies cannot join the Early Years Register.\n\n## Children from 5 to 8 years old\n\nIf you\u2019re a childminder and you look after children from 5 to 8 years old you must join the Childcare Register. This lets you look after children from 1 September after their fifth birthday up to their eighth birthday.\n\nAs a nanny you can choose to join the Childcare Register, regardless of the age of the children you\u2019re looking after.\n\nYou may be inspected by Ofsted. You may also get a registration visit.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nYou need to pay an annual registration fee to Ofsted. You\u2019ll also have to pay for things like criminal record checks, training and insurance.\n\n## Registration fee\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay the registration fee each year.\n\n| | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies |\n\n| Childminders - caring only for children aged 5 or under | \u00a335 | Not applicable |\n\n| Childminders - caring only for children aged 5 or older | \u00a3103 | Not applicable |\n\n| Childminders - caring for children of all ages | \u00a335 | Not applicable |\n\n| Register as a nanny | Not applicable | \u00a3103 |\n\n## Criminal record and health checks\n\n| | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies |\n\n| Your criminal record check | \u00a348.10 | \u00a348.10 |\n\n| Checks for adults in your home | \u00a348.10 each | Not applicable |\n\n| Criminal record check update service (recommended) | \u00a313/year | \u00a313/year |\n\n| GP to fill in and sign health declaration booklet | \u00a390 (approximately) | Not applicable |\n\n## Training\n\n| | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies |\n\n| First aid course to cover the age groups you look after | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately) | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately) |\n\n| Childcare training on the type of care you will provide - ask your council | \u00a350 to \u00a3200 (approximately) | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately) |\n\n## Other costs\n\n| Insurance | Cost |\n\n| Public liability insurance | \u00a325 to \u00a3100 (approximately) |\n\n| Keeping digital records | Cost |\n\n| Register with ICO to keep digital records of children (childminders only) | \u00a340 |\n\n## Register as a nanny\n\nYou can register with Ofsted as a nanny or au pair to look after children in their own home.\n\nA nanny can look after children from 1 or 2 families at the same time.\n\nIf you want to look after children from more than 2 families at the same time in your home, you\u2019ll need to register as a childminder instead.\n\nYou will need:\n\n- an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) - you must get the right criminal record check\n\n- first aid training\n\n- childcare training - speak to your local council\n\n- public liability insurance\n\n- a certificate of good character from an embassy - if you\u2019ve lived abroad in the past 5 years\n\nOfsted will reject your application if you do not have the correct documents.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt costs \u00a3103 to register with Ofsted. This fee is not refundable.\n\nFind out about other costs.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt usually takes up to 12 weeks to process your application.\n\n## Register online\n\nIt should take you about 15 minutes to fill in the form.\n\nRegister as a nanny\n\n## Register as a childminder\n\nYou must register with Ofsted to look after children in your home.\n\nIf you\u2019re looking after children in their own home, you should register with Ofsted as a nanny or au pair instead.\n\nYou will need:\n\n- an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) - you must get the right criminal record check\n\n- first aid training for the age group you will look after\n\n- childcare training - speak to your local council\n\n- a health declaration booklet\n\n- contact details for 2 references\n\n- a certificate of good character from an embassy - if you\u2019ve lived abroad in the past 5 years\n\nOfsted will reject your application if you do not have the correct documents.\n\n## Checks on other people in your home\n\nIf anyone aged 16 or over lives with you or works in your home regularly, they\u2019ll need to get an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists.\n\nThe type of check they get depends on their role. For example your partner would need to get a different check to someone who works in your home, like a cleaner.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to get a certificate of good character from an embassy if they\u2019ve lived abroad in the last 5 years.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt usually costs \u00a335 to register with Ofsted. This fee is not refundable.\n\nFind out about other costs.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt usually takes up to 12 weeks to process your application.\n\n## Register online\n\nIt should take you about 30 minutes to fill in the form.\n\nRegister as a childminder\n\n## After you apply\n\nWhen you submit your application Ofsted will:\n\n- do background checks with local authorities\n\n- check your references\n\n- give you a reference number to use if you have questions about your application\n\n## If you\u2019re a childminder\n\nAn inspector will visit you to check:\n\n- your identity and qualifications - including first aid qualifications\n\n- your house and garden are safe for children\n\n- that you\u2019re familiar with the early years foundation stage (EYFS) requirements and know how to put them into practice\n\n- your level of English\n\nYou will not usually get a registration visit if you\u2019re only looking after children aged over 5.\n\nFind out how to prepare for your registration visit.\n\n## If your application is approved\n\nYou\u2019ll get a certificate of registration if your application is approved. You will need this to start work as a childminder.\n\nOfsted will publish your unique reference number (\u2018URN\u2019) and inspection reports online. If you\u2019re a childminder they will also publish your name and address - unless you tell them not to.\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nOfsted will send you a letter called a \u2018notice of intention\u2019 which will tell you why you\u2019ve been turned down.\n\nYou\u2019ll be disqualified from applying again in future.\n\n## Object to a decision\n\nYou can object to a decision if you\u2019ve been sent a \u2018notice of intention\u2019.\n\nYou must object within 14 days of the date on the notice.\n\nOfsted will consider your objection, then tell you if:\n\n- you\u2019re still refused registration\n\n- you cannot look after children in a particular home\n\n- your decision is overturned\n\nIf you do not object, or Ofsted does not change its decision, you\u2019ll get a second letter called a \u2018notice of decision\u2019. This is the final decision to refuse registration or approval of a certain premises.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nIf you disagree with Ofsted\u2019s final decision, you can appeal to an independent tribunal.\n\nYou must appeal within 3 months of the date that you\u2019re sent the notice of decision.\n\n## After you're registered\n\nYou must continue to meet the registration standards while you\u2019re working as a childminder or nanny.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- pay the annual registration fee\n\n- keep your details up to date\n\n- report any major accidents or incidents\n\nOfsted will inspect childminders and some nannies.\n\n## Keep your details up to date\n\nYou must tell Ofsted if:\n\n- you change where you\u2019re working\n\n- your contact details change\n\n- you stop working as a childminder or nanny\n\n## If you\u2019re a childminder\n\nYou must tell Ofsted if:\n\n- anyone 16 or over moves into your home or leaves your home\n\n- your childminding assistants change\n\n## Reporting accidents and incidents\n\nUse the early years incident online form to report:\n\n- a serious accident, injury or illness to a child, for example food poisoning\n\n- allegations that someone living, working or looking after children in your household has committed serious harm or abuse\n\n- anything that might affect the suitability of someone on the premises to look after children\n\n- a child\u2019s death\n\n## Providing other types of childcare\n\nIf you\u2019re a childminder, you can apply to set up childcare on non-domestic premises (for example, a playgroup or after-school club). You can work here for up to half of your time.\n\nIf you want to work with 3 or more childminders or childminding assistants in your home, you\u2019ll need to register as a daycare organisation (this is known as \u2018providing childcare on domestic premises\u2019).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you want to be paid to look after children under 8, you might need to register with Ofsted or a childminder agency.

    ", + "

    You can get a fine if you do not register when you need to.

    ", + "

    You must register as a childminder if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the children are under the age of 8
    • ", + "
  • you look after them for more than 2 hours a day
    • ", + "
  • you look after them in your own home
    • ", + "
  • you get paid to look after them - including payment in kind
    • ", + "

    You can register with Ofsted online. To register with a childminder agency, contact them directly.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you want to provide daycare outside someone\u2019s home - for example a nursery or creche.

    ", + "

    You do not need to register if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a nanny
    • ", + "
  • a tutor
    • ", + "
  • a babysitter and if you look after the children between 6pm and 2am
    • ", + "
  • a family friend and if you look after the children less than 3 hours a day
    • ", + "

    You can still choose to register if you\u2019re a nanny or in other situations. This helps the child\u2019s parents qualify for free childcare.

    ", + "

    Check which register to join if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    Who cannot register

    ", + "

    You cannot register if you:

    ", + "
  • are under 18
    • ", + "
  • are related to all of the children you look after
    • ", + "
  • do not have the legal right to work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • are barred from working with children
    • ", + "
  • have been disqualified
    • ", + "
  • have been refused registration in the past or had your registration cancelled - unless it was because you did not pay your annual fee
    • ", + "
  • are childminding in a home where a disqualified person lives or works
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been disqualified, you may be able to apply to waive your disqualification

    ", + "

    Which register to join

    ", + "

    There are 2 registers - the Early Years Register and the Childcare Register.

    ", + "

    Which register you join depends on:

    ", + "
  • the age of the children you\u2019re looking after
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re registering as a childminder or a nanny
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be prompted to join the correct register when you apply.

    ", + "

    Children up to the age of 5

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a childminder and you look after children from birth to 5 years old you must join the Early Years Register. This lets you look after children up to 31 August after their fifth birthday.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a registration visit from Ofsted when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you join the register you must follow the early years foundation stage (EYFS) framework.

    ", + "

    Nannies cannot join the Early Years Register.

    ", + "

    Children from 5 to 8 years old

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a childminder and you look after children from 5 to 8 years old you must join the Childcare Register. This lets you look after children from 1 September after their fifth birthday up to their eighth birthday.

    ", + "

    As a nanny you can choose to join the Childcare Register, regardless of the age of the children you\u2019re looking after.

    ", + "

    You may be inspected by Ofsted. You may also get a registration visit.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    You need to pay an annual registration fee to Ofsted. You\u2019ll also have to pay for things like criminal record checks, training and insurance.

    ", + "

    Registration fee

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay the registration fee each year.

    ", + " | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies", + "Childminders - caring only for children aged 5 or under | \u00a335 | Not applicable", + "Childminders - caring only for children aged 5 or older | \u00a3103 | Not applicable", + "Childminders - caring for children of all ages | \u00a335 | Not applicable", + "Register as a nanny | Not applicable | \u00a3103", + "

    Criminal record and health checks

    ", + " | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies", + "Your criminal record check | \u00a348.10 | \u00a348.10", + "Checks for adults in your home | \u00a348.10 each | Not applicable", + "Criminal record check update service (recommended) | \u00a313/year | \u00a313/year", + "GP to fill in and sign health declaration booklet | \u00a390 (approximately) | Not applicable", + "

    Training

    ", + " | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies", + "First aid course to cover the age groups you look after | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately) | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately)", + "Childcare training on the type of care you will provide - ask your council | \u00a350 to \u00a3200 (approximately) | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately)", + "

    Other costs

    ", + "Insurance | Cost", + "Public liability insurance | \u00a325 to \u00a3100 (approximately)", + "Keeping digital records | Cost", + "Register with ICO to keep digital records of children (childminders only) | \u00a340", + "

    Register as a nanny

    ", + "

    You can register with Ofsted as a nanny or au pair to look after children in their own home.

    ", + "

    A nanny can look after children from 1 or 2 families at the same time.

    ", + "

    If you want to look after children from more than 2 families at the same time in your home, you\u2019ll need to register as a childminder instead.

    ", + "

    You will need:

    ", + "
  • an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) - you must get the right criminal record check
    • ", + "
  • first aid training
    • ", + "
  • childcare training - speak to your local council
    • ", + "
  • public liability insurance
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of good character from an embassy - if you\u2019ve lived abroad in the past 5 years
    • ", + "

    Ofsted will reject your application if you do not have the correct documents.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3103 to register with Ofsted. This fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    Find out about other costs.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    It usually takes up to 12 weeks to process your application.

    ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    It should take you about 15 minutes to fill in the form.

    ", + "

    Register as a nanny

    ", + "

    Register as a childminder

    ", + "

    You must register with Ofsted to look after children in your home.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re looking after children in their own home, you should register with Ofsted as a nanny or au pair instead.

    ", + "

    You will need:

    ", + "
  • an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) - you must get the right criminal record check
    • ", + "
  • first aid training for the age group you will look after
    • ", + "
  • childcare training - speak to your local council
    • ", + "
  • a health declaration booklet
    • ", + "
  • contact details for 2 references
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of good character from an embassy - if you\u2019ve lived abroad in the past 5 years
    • ", + "

    Ofsted will reject your application if you do not have the correct documents.

    ", + "

    Checks on other people in your home

    ", + "

    If anyone aged 16 or over lives with you or works in your home regularly, they\u2019ll need to get an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists.

    ", + "

    The type of check they get depends on their role. For example your partner would need to get a different check to someone who works in your home, like a cleaner.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to get a certificate of good character from an embassy if they\u2019ve lived abroad in the last 5 years.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    It usually costs \u00a335 to register with Ofsted. This fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    Find out about other costs.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    It usually takes up to 12 weeks to process your application.

    ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    It should take you about 30 minutes to fill in the form.

    ", + "

    Register as a childminder

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    When you submit your application Ofsted will:

    ", + "
  • do background checks with local authorities
    • ", + "
  • check your references
    • ", + "
  • give you a reference number to use if you have questions about your application
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a childminder

    ", + "

    An inspector will visit you to check:

    ", + "
  • your identity and qualifications - including first aid qualifications
    • ", + "
  • your house and garden are safe for children
    • ", + "
  • that you\u2019re familiar with the early years foundation stage (EYFS) requirements and know how to put them into practice
    • ", + "
  • your level of English
    • ", + "

    You will not usually get a registration visit if you\u2019re only looking after children aged over 5.

    ", + "

    Find out how to prepare for your registration visit.

    ", + "

    If your application is approved

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a certificate of registration if your application is approved. You will need this to start work as a childminder.

    ", + "

    Ofsted will publish your unique reference number (\u2018URN\u2019) and inspection reports online. If you\u2019re a childminder they will also publish your name and address - unless you tell them not to.

    ", + "

    If your application is refused

    ", + "

    Ofsted will send you a letter called a \u2018notice of intention\u2019 which will tell you why you\u2019ve been turned down.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be disqualified from applying again in future.

    ", + "

    Object to a decision

    ", + "

    You can object to a decision if you\u2019ve been sent a \u2018notice of intention\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must object within 14 days of the date on the notice.

    ", + "

    Ofsted will consider your objection, then tell you if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re still refused registration
    • ", + "
  • you cannot look after children in a particular home
    • ", + "
  • your decision is overturned
    • ", + "

    If you do not object, or Ofsted does not change its decision, you\u2019ll get a second letter called a \u2018notice of decision\u2019. This is the final decision to refuse registration or approval of a certain premises.

    ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    If you disagree with Ofsted\u2019s final decision, you can appeal to an independent tribunal.

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 3 months of the date that you\u2019re sent the notice of decision.

    ", + "

    After you're registered

    ", + "

    You must continue to meet the registration standards while you\u2019re working as a childminder or nanny.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • pay the annual registration fee
    • ", + "
  • keep your details up to date
    • ", + "
  • report any major accidents or incidents
    • ", + "

    Ofsted will inspect childminders and some nannies.

    ", + "

    Keep your details up to date

    ", + "

    You must tell Ofsted if:

    ", + "
  • you change where you\u2019re working
    • ", + "
  • your contact details change
    • ", + "
  • you stop working as a childminder or nanny
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a childminder

    ", + "

    You must tell Ofsted if:

    ", + "
  • anyone 16 or over moves into your home or leaves your home
    • ", + "
  • your childminding assistants change
    • ", + "

    Reporting accidents and incidents

    ", + "

    Use the early years incident online form to report:

    ", + "
  • a serious accident, injury or illness to a child, for example food poisoning
    • ", + "
  • allegations that someone living, working or looking after children in your household has committed serious harm or abuse
    • ", + "
  • anything that might affect the suitability of someone on the premises to look after children
    • ", + "
  • a child\u2019s death
    • ", + "

    Providing other types of childcare

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a childminder, you can apply to set up childcare on non-domestic premises (for example, a playgroup or after-school club). You can work here for up to half of your time.

    ", + "

    If you want to work with 3 or more childminders or childminding assistants in your home, you\u2019ll need to register as a daycare organisation (this is known as \u2018providing childcare on domestic premises\u2019).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/register-childminder-agency-england": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-childminder-agency-england", + "title": "Register as a childminder agency in England", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must register with Ofsted if you want to set up a childminder agency in England.\n\nChildminder agencies register childminders and give training, business support, advice and help finding suitable parents.\n\nYou can register as an individual, or as a private or public sector organisation such as a school or academy.\n\nYou must have a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check, and be interviewed and inspected by Ofsted as part of your application.\n\n## Which register to join\n\nThere are 2 registers. You must apply to join:\n\n- the Early Years Register to register childminders who look after children aged 5 and under\n\n- the compulsory part of the Childcare Register to register childminders who look after children aged 5 to 7\n\n- both registers to register childminders who look after children of all ages\n\nThe Early Years Register is for children from birth up to the 31 August after their 5th birthday.\n\nIf you\u2019re on the compulsory part of the Childcare Register, you can also join the voluntary part. You can only register childminders on the voluntary part of the register if you\u2019ve already registered them on the compulsory part.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nRegistration can take up to 16 weeks.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3220 to register as a childminder agency.\n\nIt\u2019s free to join the Childcare Register if you\u2019re already on or applying to the Early Years Register.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Read the childminder agency handbook.\n\n- Apply for a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check through the Ofsted portal.\n\n- Join the DBS update service and agree to Ofsted checking your DBS certificate at least once every 6 months. You have 19 days to join the service after getting your certificate, otherwise you\u2019ll need to get a new certificate.\n\n- Download, fill in and send the application form.\n\n- Check whether you need to fill in and send a declaration and consent form.\n\n- Prepare for your registration visit by an Ofsted inspector (see the childminder agency handbook for details on this).\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nContact Ofsted if you have any questions about the application process.\n\n## Change your details\n\nYou must tell Ofsted if there are any changes to anyone named in your application.\n\nDownload and fill in a notification form and send it to the address on the form.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be told at the end of your registration inspection visit if you can start working as an agency.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a registration certificate in the post that you must display at all times in your work place.\n\nAfter you\u2019re registered you can be inspected again or get an \u2018investigation visit\u2019 if someone makes a complaint about you.\n\nYou must tell Ofsted if there are any changes to anyone named in your application. Download and fill in a notification form and send it to the address on the form.\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nOfsted will send you a letter called a \u2018notice of intention\u2019 which will tell you why you\u2019ve been turned down.\n\nYou\u2019ll also be sent a leaflet on how to object and appeal.\n\n## Withdraw your application\n\nYou can withdraw your application up until you get a notice of intention to refuse your registration. Your fee won\u2019t be refunded.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must register with Ofsted if you want to set up a childminder agency in England.

    ", + "

    Childminder agencies register childminders and give training, business support, advice and help finding suitable parents.

    ", + "

    You can register as an individual, or as a private or public sector organisation such as a school or academy.

    ", + "

    You must have a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check, and be interviewed and inspected by Ofsted as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Which register to join

    ", + "

    There are 2 registers. You must apply to join:

    ", + "
  • the Early Years Register to register childminders who look after children aged 5 and under
    • ", + "
  • the compulsory part of the Childcare Register to register childminders who look after children aged 5 to 7
    • ", + "
  • both registers to register childminders who look after children of all ages
    • ", + "

    The Early Years Register is for children from birth up to the 31 August after their 5th birthday.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on the compulsory part of the Childcare Register, you can also join the voluntary part. You can only register childminders on the voluntary part of the register if you\u2019ve already registered them on the compulsory part.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Registration can take up to 16 weeks.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3220 to register as a childminder agency.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to join the Childcare Register if you\u2019re already on or applying to the Early Years Register.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "
  • Read the childminder agency handbook.
    • ", + "
  • Apply for a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check through the Ofsted portal.
    • ", + "
  • Join the DBS update service and agree to Ofsted checking your DBS certificate at least once every 6 months. You have 19 days to join the service after getting your certificate, otherwise you\u2019ll need to get a new certificate.
    • ", + "
  • Download, fill in and send the application form.
    • ", + "
  • Check whether you need to fill in and send a declaration and consent form.
    • ", + "
  • Prepare for your registration visit by an Ofsted inspector (see the childminder agency handbook for details on this).
    • ", + "

    Get help and advice

    ", + "

    Contact Ofsted if you have any questions about the application process.

    ", + "

    Change your details

    ", + "

    You must tell Ofsted if there are any changes to anyone named in your application.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a notification form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told at the end of your registration inspection visit if you can start working as an agency.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a registration certificate in the post that you must display at all times in your work place.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019re registered you can be inspected again or get an \u2018investigation visit\u2019 if someone makes a complaint about you.

    ", + "

    You must tell Ofsted if there are any changes to anyone named in your application. Download and fill in a notification form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    If your application is refused

    ", + "

    Ofsted will send you a letter called a \u2018notice of intention\u2019 which will tell you why you\u2019ve been turned down.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be sent a leaflet on how to object and appeal.

    ", + "

    Withdraw your application

    ", + "

    You can withdraw your application up until you get a notice of intention to refuse your registration. Your fee won\u2019t be refunded.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/agricultural-sick-pay": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/agricultural-sick-pay", + "title": "Agricultural Sick Pay", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAgricultural Sick Pay (ASP) means you\u2019re paid at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage when you\u2019re off work sick. It includes any Statutory Sick Pay you might be entitled to.\n\nYou only have the right to Agricultural Sick Pay if you were employed before the rules changed on 1 October 2013\u00a0and it says so in your contract.\n\nThere are different rules for Agricultural Sick Pay in Scotland.\n\n## What you'll get\n\n| Number of months continuous employment when you went off sick | Maximum weeks you can claim Agricultural Sick Pay (ASP) per year |\n\n| Up to 12 | 0 |\n\n| 12 to 23 | 13 |\n\n| 24 to 35 | 16 |\n\n| 36 to 47 | 19 |\n\n| 48 to 58 | 22 |\n\n| 59 or more | 26 |\n\n## Working out how much you\u2019ll get\n\nMultiply the \u2018maximum weeks you can claim ASP\u2019 in the table by the number of days you regularly work per week including any guaranteed overtime. This doesn\u2019t include overtime you regularly work that isn\u2019t guaranteed. This number tells you how many days you can claim over a 12 month period starting from the first day of sickness or injury that\u2019s eligible.\n\nThe period you can claim for starts on the first full working day you\u2019re unable to work and ends on the day before you return. This can be any day, including days you don\u2019t usually work.\n\nYou must be paid at least your basic pay for all normal working hours (including guaranteed overtime) for each day you\u2019re entitled to.\n\n## Away for longer than you\u2019re entitled to claim for\n\nIf you\u2019re away for longer than the number of weeks you\u2019re entitled to claim for, you might be able to get Employment and Support Allowance or other benefits.\n\n## When you\u2019ll be paid\n\nYou should be paid on your normal pay day. Your employer must pay your sick pay while you\u2019re off work and immediately after you come back. Each payment should be for at least the amount your employer knows you\u2019re entitled to (rather than guessing when you\u2019ll return).\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou only have the right to Agricultural Sick Pay if you were employed before the rules changed on 1 October 2013\u00a0and it says so in your contract.\n\nYou must have been continuously employed by the same employer for at least 52 weeks before the first day of your absence.\n\n## When you become entitled to Agricultural Sick Pay (ASP)\n\nYou won\u2019t be paid for the first 3 days off sick unless you\u2019re away for longer than 14 working days in total.\n\n## Sickness that counts for ASP\n\n- your own illness, whatever caused it\n\n- your own illness or incapacity caused by pregnancy or maternity\n\n- injuries which happened at work\n\n- injuries which happened travelling to or from work\n\n- recovering from an operation caused by an illness or injury suffered at work or travelling to or from work\n\nIf you\u2019re sick because of another reason, you might be entitled to Statutory Sick Pay.\n\n## How to claim\n\nTell your employer about your sickness or injury and they\u2019ll sort out your Agricultural Sick Pay (ASP). If you\u2019re ill for longer than 8 days, you must give your employer a medical certificate (doctor\u2019s note).\n\n## Further information\n\nIf you need advice, contact the pay and work rights helpline.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Agricultural Sick Pay (ASP) means you\u2019re paid at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage when you\u2019re off work sick. It includes any Statutory Sick Pay you might be entitled to.

    ", + "

    You only have the right to Agricultural Sick Pay if you were employed before the rules changed on 1 October 2013\u00a0and it says so in your contract.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for Agricultural Sick Pay in Scotland.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "Number of months continuous employment when you went off sick | Maximum weeks you can claim Agricultural Sick Pay (ASP) per year", + "Up to 12 | 0", + "12 to 23 | 13", + "24 to 35 | 16", + "36 to 47 | 19", + "48 to 58 | 22", + "59 or more | 26", + "

    Working out how much you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    Multiply the \u2018maximum weeks you can claim ASP\u2019 in the table by the number of days you regularly work per week including any guaranteed overtime. This doesn\u2019t include overtime you regularly work that isn\u2019t guaranteed. This number tells you how many days you can claim over a 12 month period starting from the first day of sickness or injury that\u2019s eligible.

    ", + "

    The period you can claim for starts on the first full working day you\u2019re unable to work and ends on the day before you return. This can be any day, including days you don\u2019t usually work.

    ", + "

    You must be paid at least your basic pay for all normal working hours (including guaranteed overtime) for each day you\u2019re entitled to.

    ", + "

    Away for longer than you\u2019re entitled to claim for

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re away for longer than the number of weeks you\u2019re entitled to claim for, you might be able to get Employment and Support Allowance or other benefits.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll be paid

    ", + "

    You should be paid on your normal pay day. Your employer must pay your sick pay while you\u2019re off work and immediately after you come back. Each payment should be for at least the amount your employer knows you\u2019re entitled to (rather than guessing when you\u2019ll return).

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You only have the right to Agricultural Sick Pay if you were employed before the rules changed on 1 October 2013\u00a0and it says so in your contract.

    ", + "

    You must have been continuously employed by the same employer for at least 52 weeks before the first day of your absence.

    ", + "

    When you become entitled to Agricultural Sick Pay (ASP)

    ", + "

    You won\u2019t be paid for the first 3 days off sick unless you\u2019re away for longer than 14 working days in total.

    ", + "

    Sickness that counts for ASP

    ", + "
  • your own illness, whatever caused it
    • ", + "
  • your own illness or incapacity caused by pregnancy or maternity
    • ", + "
  • injuries which happened at work
    • ", + "
  • injuries which happened travelling to or from work
    • ", + "
  • recovering from an operation caused by an illness or injury suffered at work or travelling to or from work
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re sick because of another reason, you might be entitled to Statutory Sick Pay.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Tell your employer about your sickness or injury and they\u2019ll sort out your Agricultural Sick Pay (ASP). If you\u2019re ill for longer than 8 days, you must give your employer a medical certificate (doctor\u2019s note).

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    If you need advice, contact the pay and work rights helpline.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/agricultural-workers-rights": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/agricultural-workers-rights", + "title": "Agricultural workers' rights", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAgricultural workers in Wales, and those employed in England before 1 October 2013, are normally entitled to:\n\n- minimum rates of pay which may be higher than the National Minimum Wage\n\n- paid holiday\n\n- Agricultural Sick Pay\n\n- pay even if bad weather stops work\n\n- night work pay\n\n- on-call allowance\n\n- 30-minute rest breaks, if they are 18 or over and work more than 5.5 hours a day\n\nThere are different employment rights for agricultural workers employed in England from 1 October 2013.\n\nThere are also different rules for agricultural workers\u2019 rights in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Terms and conditions\n\n## England\n\nAgricultural workers in England employed before 1 October 2013 still have the terms and conditions set out in the Agricultural Wages (England and Wales) Order 2012.\n\n## Wales\n\nBefore starting work, employers must give agricultural workers in Wales an Agricultural Wage Order. This sets out many of the terms and conditions of employment. But, employers must still give agricultural workers a written statement of employment particulars.\n\nThis sets out many of the terms and conditions of employment. However, agricultural workers must still be given a written statement of employment particulars by their employer.\n\n## Trainees\n\nTrainees have different rights, for example they do not get paid holidays.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nIf you were employed in England before 1 October 2013, you can contact the Acas helpline or use the Acas Helpline Online to get further advice.\n\nYou can also make a complaint to the Rural Payments agency.\n\nFor queries about wages and rights in Wales after 1 October 2013 contact the Agriculture: Sustainable Development Division.\n\n## What counts as an agricultural worker\n\nAn agricultural worker is someone who works in:\n\n- farming and rearing animals\n\n- growing produce including non-edible crops like bulbs, plants and flowers\n\n- forestry, market gardens and nurseries\n\n- maintaining meadow or pasture land, woodlands and reed beds\n\nThis list does not include everything. If you\u2019re not sure if a job counts as work in agriculture, call the Acas helpline.\n\n## Pay and overtime\n\nAgricultural workers in England must be paid at least the National Minimum Wage. Workers employed before the rules changed on 1 October 2013 still have the right to the Agricultural Minimum Wage if it says so in their contract.\n\nAgricultural workers in Wales must be paid at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage, or the National Minimum Wage if that\u2019s higher. The Agricultural Minimum Wage depends on the worker\u2019s job grade and category.\n\n## Agricultural Minimum Wage\n\n## Grades 1 to 6\n\nIf a worker\u2019s contract says they should work 39 hours a week (not including overtime) they must be paid the weekly rate, otherwise they must be paid the hourly rate.\n\n| | Weekly pay | Hourly pay | Hourly overtime |\n\n| Grade 1 (compulsory school age) | n/a | \u00a33.11 | \u00a34.67 |\n\n| Grade 1 (above compulsory school age) | \u00a3242.19 | \u00a36.21 | \u00a39.32 |\n\n| Grade 2 | \u00a3271.44 | \u00a36.96 | \u00a310.44 |\n\n| Grade 3 | \u00a3298.74 | \u00a37.66 | \u00a311.49 |\n\n| Grade 4 | \u00a3320.19 | \u00a38.21 | \u00a312.32 |\n\n| Grade 5 | \u00a3339.30 | \u00a38.70 | \u00a313.05 |\n\n| Grade 6 | \u00a3366.60 | \u00a39.40 | \u00a314.10 |\n\n## Full-time and part-time flexible workers\n\nFlexible workers must be paid at least the weekly rate if they are full-time, or at least the hourly rate if they are part-time.\n\n| | Hourly pay | Weekly pay | Hourly overtime |\n\n| Grade 1 - 6 days per week | \u00a36.64 | \u00a3258.96 | \u00a39.32 |\n\n| Grade 1 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a36.52 | \u00a3254.28 | \u00a39.32 |\n\n| Grade 2 - 6 days per week | \u00a37.45 | \u00a3290.55 | \u00a310.44 |\n\n| Grade 2 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a37.31 | \u00a3285.09 | \u00a310.44 |\n\n| Grade 3 - 6 days per week | \u00a38.20 | \u00a3319.80 | \u00a311.49 |\n\n| Grade 3 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a38.04 | \u00a3313.56 | \u00a311.49 |\n\n| Grade 4 - 6 days per week | \u00a38.78 | \u00a3342.42 | \u00a312.32 |\n\n| Grade 4 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a38.62 | \u00a3336.18 | \u00a312.32 |\n\n| Grade 5 - 6 days per week | \u00a39.31 | \u00a3363.09 | \u00a313.05 |\n\n| Grade 5 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a39.14 | \u00a3356.46 | \u00a313.05 |\n\n| Grade 6 - 6 days per week | \u00a310.06 | \u00a3392.34 | \u00a314.10 |\n\n| Grade 6 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a39.87 | \u00a3384.93 | \u00a314.10 |\n\n## Apprentices\n\nFor years 3 and above, apprentices must receive at least the rate for Grade 2 workers.\n\n| | Weekly pay | Hourly pay | Hourly overtime |\n\n| Year 1 - any age | \u00a3139.23 | \u00a33.57 | \u00a35.36 |\n\n| Year 2 - age 16 to 17 | \u00a3145.08 | \u00a33.72 | \u00a35.52 |\n\n| Year 2 - age 18 to 20 | \u00a3196.17 | \u00a35.03 | \u00a37.47 |\n\n| Year 2 - age 21 and over | \u00a3246.09 | \u00a36.31 | \u00a39.29 |\n\n## Trainees\n\nA trainee does not have to be paid for:\n\n- the hours they\u2019re being trained\n\n- holidays\n\nThey should be paid for any work done as part of a separate contract.\n\n## Training courses\n\nIf an employed worker is on a training course, they should be paid at least their normal wage - including for the time spent travelling to and from the training.\n\n## Overtime\n\nOvertime must be paid if a person works:\n\n- more than 39 basic hours in a week\n\n- more than 8 hours in a day\n\n- any hours over the normal working hours in the employment contract\n\n- on a public or bank holiday\n\n- on a Sunday - if the contract started before 1 October 2006\n\n## Piece work\n\nEven if they are paid for completing a task, for example for each box of fruit packed, a worker must be paid the Agricultural Minimum Wage according to the hours they work.\n\n## Night work\n\nA worker who works at any time between 7pm and 6am must be paid \u00a31.36 per hour more than their basic pay rate.\n\n## Dog allowance\n\nIf a worker keeps a dog for their job, they must get \u00a37.63 a week for each dog.\n\n## Tied accommodation\n\nIf a worker gets a house or \u2018self-contained accommodation\u2019 as part of their job they can be paid \u00a31.50 less than their normal weekly pay. They may automatically get an agricultural tenancy.\n\nIf the accommodation is not a house - for example, a caravan - they can be paid \u00a34.82 less each day they stay there.\n\nAccommodation must be safe, warm, secure - and have toilet and washing facilities and fresh drinking water.\n\n## On-call allowance\n\nThe on-call allowance for a worker is 2 hours\u2019 overtime pay for their grade, and is paid if they are not at work but have an arrangement with their employer:\n\n- to be contactable by an agreed method\n\n- to be able to reach their workplace within an agreed time\n\nIf they are called into work, they must be paid overtime for the hours they work, or for 2 hours - whichever is the higher.\n\n## Sick pay\n\nAgricultural workers are entitled to sick pay, meaning they\u2019ll get at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage when they\u2019re off.\n\n## Grades and categories\n\nThe minimum wage and other rights and entitlements for agricultural workers depends on their grade and category.\n\n## Grades\n\nAn agricultural worker\u2019s grade is based on their skills and responsibilities.\n\n## Grade 1 - initial grade\n\nA grade 1 worker is usually supervised and works on simple tasks like harvesting or packing.\n\nThey have the right to be trained to become a grade 2 worker once they\u2019ve worked for the same employer continuously for 30 weeks.\n\n## Grade 2 - standard worker\n\nSomeone is a grade 2 worker if they have one of the following:\n\n- a vocational qualification of at least NVQ at level 2\n\n- a certificate of competence for the agricultural sector they work in\n\nSomeone is also a grade 2 worker if they:\n\n- work mainly unsupervised\n\n- work with animals\n\n- use powered machinery\n\n- drive a tractor\n\n## Grade 3 - lead worker\n\nIf someone has worked in agriculture for at least 2 of the past 5 years, they\u2019re a grade 3 worker if they have either:\n\n- a National Certificate in agriculture or horticulture\n\n- 4 certificates of competence or non-accredited competencies, for the agricultural sector they work in\n\nSomeone is also a grade 3 worker if\n\n- they manage a team - but not discipline team members\n\n- their employer views them as a grade 3 team leader and they\u2019ve completed a one month (maximum) trial period\n\n## Grade 4 - craft grade\n\nSomeone is a grade 4 worker if they have:\n\n- an NVQ level 3 vocational qualification\n\n- 8 certificates of competence for the agricultural sector they work in\n\nThey should also have:\n\n- worked for the same employer continuously for 12 months since getting this qualification\n\n- worked in agriculture for at least 2 of the past 5 years\n\nThere are other qualifications for grade 4 - you can get more help and advice.\n\n## Grade 5 - supervisory grade\n\nA grade 5 worker is responsible for either:\n\n- supervising work on a farm on a daily basis\n\n- instructing, supervising and disciplining staff\n\n## Grade 6 - farm management grade\n\nA grade 6 worker has either:\n\n- management responsibility for a farm - or part of a farm if it\u2019s run as a separate business\n\n- responsibility for employing, disciplining and dismissing staff\n\n## Categories\n\nAn agricultural worker\u2019s category depends on their duties, responsibilities and/or qualifications.\n\n## Flexible workers\n\nFlexible workers must have a written \u2018flexible working agreement\u2019.\n\nA full-time flexible worker works:\n\n- a 39 basic hour week - the hours can vary over different days\n\n- set working hours and working days, which cannot be changed unless agreed with the employer\n\n- on a Sunday when needed\n\nA part-time flexible worker works:\n\n- less than 39 basic hours a week - the hours can vary over different days\n\n- set working hours and working days, which cannot be changed unless agreed with the employer\n\n## Trainee\n\nA trainee is someone who is:\n\n- on work experience as part of a Business, Innovation and Skills-approved training scheme\n\n- on work experience in agriculture as part of the Diploma in Environmental and Land-Based Studies for 14 to 19-year-olds\n\n- taking part in the second phase of the European Leonardo da Vinci Programme\n\n## Apprentice\n\nRights for apprentices are different.\n\n## Agricultural tenancies\n\nIf an agricultural worker gets a self-contained home as part of their job they may automatically have an \u2018assured agricultural occupancy\u2019. This will not happen if they had a written notice at the start of the tenancy saying that it was an assured shorthold tenancy instead.\n\n## How it starts\n\nAn assured agricultural occupancy starts when the worker has been employed in agriculture (by any employer) for 91 weeks of the last 104, including paid holiday and sick leave, and:\n\n- the tenant works 35 hours or more a week\n\n- the accommodation is owned by the farmer, or arranged by them\n\n## Who can get one\n\nThe tenant must be a serving farm worker or a:\n\n- farm manager or family worker\n\n- retired farm worker\n\n- farm worker forced to give up work\n\n- former farm worker who has taken other employment\n\n- deceased farm worker\u2019s widow, widower or family member of a worker and were living with the worker when they died\n\nThey have to have been working for the farmer who provides or arranges the accommodation.\n\nYou can get more detailed information on who can get an assured agricultural occupancy in \u2018agricultural lettings\u2019.\n\n## Rent increases\n\nThe rent can go up at any time if the worker agrees - if they do not, then it can only go up yearly, unless a different interval is stated in the tenancy agreement. The farmer must tell the worker in writing before putting the rent up.\n\n## The employment ends\n\nIf the worker loses their job or retires, they can stay in the accommodation. The farmer can ask them to start paying rent - or a higher rent than before. If the farmer and worker cannot agree on a rent, they can go to a rent assessment committee.\n\nIf the farmer wants the property back, they can apply to the courts, although they may have to provide the tenant with suitable alternative accommodation. If nothing suitable is available, the tenant may be entitled to re-housing by the council.\n\n## The farmer wants to end the tenancy\n\nThe farmer may want the property back for a new worker, or to end the tenancy because the worker is:\n\n- not paying the rent\n\n- breaking terms of the tenancy agreement\n\n- damaging the property or its contents\n\n- being a nuisance to neighbours\n\nIf the worker does not leave willingly, the farmer will have to go to court, and the court will decide whether the worker has to go. If the worker is still a serving farm worker, the farmer may have to provide alternative accommodation.\n\n## If a tenant dies\n\nThe tenancy will automatically pass to their husband or wife. If they did not have a husband or wife, it can pass to another family member if they lived there for the 2 years before the worker\u2019s death.\n\n## Gangmasters\n\nAn individual or business that provides workers for agricultural work is called a \u2018gangmaster\u2019.\n\nGangmasters must be licensed if they provide workers for:\n\n- agriculture\n\n- horticulture\n\n- dairy farming\n\n- food and drink processing or packaging\n\n- forestry\n\n- gathering shellfish (anybody who uses supplied workers to gather shellfish also needs to be licensed)\n\nThere are some jobs in these industries that do not need a gangmaster licence.\n\nYou can check if a gangmaster is licensed.\n\n## Changes to employment terms and conditions\n\nFrom 1 October 2013, the terms and conditions changed for agricultural and horticultural workers in England who begin new jobs. This includes workers supplied by a gangmaster.\n\n## Employment started on or after 1 October 2013\n\nWorkers must receive at least:\n\n- the National Minimum Wage\n\n- other statutory minimum terms of employment\n\n## Employment started before 1 October 2013\n\nWorkers, including those supplied by a gangmaster, are still entitled to the terms and conditions of their contract.\n\nFor example, this might mean workers are entitled to overtime rates, agricultural sick pay and dog allowance. Where accommodation is provided in a contract, workers can continue living in that accommodation.\n\nThese entitlements and any other terms and conditions already agreed will continue to apply unless the contract is changed by mutual agreement or it finishes.\n\nWorkers must always be paid at least the appropriate National Minimum Wage. A worker\u2019s rate must be raised if it ever falls below the minimum.\n\n## Enforcement of workers\u2019 rights\n\nWorkers should contact the Acas helpline if they\u2019re concerned that they\u2019re not working under the right terms and conditions.\n\n## Wales\n\nThere is no change in terms and conditions for workers in Wales after 1 October 2013.\n\nWorkers should contact the Agriculture: Sustainable Development Division if they\u2019re concerned they\u2019re not working under the correct terms and conditions.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Agricultural workers in Wales, and those employed in England before 1 October 2013, are normally entitled to:

    ", + "
  • minimum rates of pay which may be higher than the National Minimum Wage
    • ", + "
  • paid holiday
    • ", + "
  • Agricultural Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • pay even if bad weather stops work
    • ", + "
  • night work pay
    • ", + "
  • on-call allowance
    • ", + "
  • 30-minute rest breaks, if they are 18 or over and work more than 5.5 hours a day
    • ", + "

    There are different employment rights for agricultural workers employed in England from 1 October 2013.

    ", + "

    There are also different rules for agricultural workers\u2019 rights in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Terms and conditions

    ", + "

    England

    ", + "

    Agricultural workers in England employed before 1 October 2013 still have the terms and conditions set out in the Agricultural Wages (England and Wales) Order 2012.

    ", + "

    Wales

    ", + "

    Before starting work, employers must give agricultural workers in Wales an Agricultural Wage Order. This sets out many of the terms and conditions of employment. But, employers must still give agricultural workers a written statement of employment particulars.

    ", + "

    This sets out many of the terms and conditions of employment. However, agricultural workers must still be given a written statement of employment particulars by their employer.

    ", + "

    Trainees

    ", + "

    Trainees have different rights, for example they do not get paid holidays.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    If you were employed in England before 1 October 2013, you can contact the Acas helpline or use the Acas Helpline Online to get further advice.

    ", + "

    You can also make a complaint to the Rural Payments agency.

    ", + "

    For queries about wages and rights in Wales after 1 October 2013 contact the Agriculture: Sustainable Development Division.

    ", + "

    What counts as an agricultural worker

    ", + "

    An agricultural worker is someone who works in:

    ", + "
  • farming and rearing animals
    • ", + "
  • growing produce including non-edible crops like bulbs, plants and flowers
    • ", + "
  • forestry, market gardens and nurseries
    • ", + "
  • maintaining meadow or pasture land, woodlands and reed beds
    • ", + "

    This list does not include everything. If you\u2019re not sure if a job counts as work in agriculture, call the Acas helpline.

    ", + "

    Pay and overtime

    ", + "

    Agricultural workers in England must be paid at least the National Minimum Wage. Workers employed before the rules changed on 1 October 2013 still have the right to the Agricultural Minimum Wage if it says so in their contract.

    ", + "

    Agricultural workers in Wales must be paid at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage, or the National Minimum Wage if that\u2019s higher. The Agricultural Minimum Wage depends on the worker\u2019s job grade and category.

    ", + "

    Agricultural Minimum Wage

    ", + "

    Grades 1 to 6

    ", + "

    If a worker\u2019s contract says they should work 39 hours a week (not including overtime) they must be paid the weekly rate, otherwise they must be paid the hourly rate.

    ", + " | Weekly pay | Hourly pay | Hourly overtime", + "Grade 1 (compulsory school age) | n/a | \u00a33.11 | \u00a34.67", + "Grade 1 (above compulsory school age) | \u00a3242.19 | \u00a36.21 | \u00a39.32", + "Grade 2 | \u00a3271.44 | \u00a36.96 | \u00a310.44", + "Grade 3 | \u00a3298.74 | \u00a37.66 | \u00a311.49", + "Grade 4 | \u00a3320.19 | \u00a38.21 | \u00a312.32", + "Grade 5 | \u00a3339.30 | \u00a38.70 | \u00a313.05", + "Grade 6 | \u00a3366.60 | \u00a39.40 | \u00a314.10", + "

    Full-time and part-time flexible workers

    ", + "

    Flexible workers must be paid at least the weekly rate if they are full-time, or at least the hourly rate if they are part-time.

    ", + " | Hourly pay | Weekly pay | Hourly overtime", + "Grade 1 - 6 days per week | \u00a36.64 | \u00a3258.96 | \u00a39.32", + "Grade 1 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a36.52 | \u00a3254.28 | \u00a39.32", + "Grade 2 - 6 days per week | \u00a37.45 | \u00a3290.55 | \u00a310.44", + "Grade 2 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a37.31 | \u00a3285.09 | \u00a310.44", + "Grade 3 - 6 days per week | \u00a38.20 | \u00a3319.80 | \u00a311.49", + "Grade 3 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a38.04 | \u00a3313.56 | \u00a311.49", + "Grade 4 - 6 days per week | \u00a38.78 | \u00a3342.42 | \u00a312.32", + "Grade 4 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a38.62 | \u00a3336.18 | \u00a312.32", + "Grade 5 - 6 days per week | \u00a39.31 | \u00a3363.09 | \u00a313.05", + "Grade 5 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a39.14 | \u00a3356.46 | \u00a313.05", + "Grade 6 - 6 days per week | \u00a310.06 | \u00a3392.34 | \u00a314.10", + "Grade 6 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a39.87 | \u00a3384.93 | \u00a314.10", + "

    Apprentices

    ", + "

    For years 3 and above, apprentices must receive at least the rate for Grade 2 workers.

    ", + " | Weekly pay | Hourly pay | Hourly overtime", + "Year 1 - any age | \u00a3139.23 | \u00a33.57 | \u00a35.36", + "Year 2 - age 16 to 17 | \u00a3145.08 | \u00a33.72 | \u00a35.52", + "Year 2 - age 18 to 20 | \u00a3196.17 | \u00a35.03 | \u00a37.47", + "Year 2 - age 21 and over | \u00a3246.09 | \u00a36.31 | \u00a39.29", + "

    Trainees

    ", + "

    A trainee does not have to be paid for:

    ", + "
  • the hours they\u2019re being trained
    • ", + "
  • holidays
    • ", + "

    They should be paid for any work done as part of a separate contract.

    ", + "

    Training courses

    ", + "

    If an employed worker is on a training course, they should be paid at least their normal wage - including for the time spent travelling to and from the training.

    ", + "

    Overtime

    ", + "

    Overtime must be paid if a person works:

    ", + "
  • more than 39 basic hours in a week
    • ", + "
  • more than 8 hours in a day
    • ", + "
  • any hours over the normal working hours in the employment contract
    • ", + "
  • on a public or bank holiday
    • ", + "
  • on a Sunday - if the contract started before 1 October 2006
    • ", + "

    Piece work

    ", + "

    Even if they are paid for completing a task, for example for each box of fruit packed, a worker must be paid the Agricultural Minimum Wage according to the hours they work.

    ", + "

    Night work

    ", + "

    A worker who works at any time between 7pm and 6am must be paid \u00a31.36 per hour more than their basic pay rate.

    ", + "

    Dog allowance

    ", + "

    If a worker keeps a dog for their job, they must get \u00a37.63 a week for each dog.

    ", + "

    Tied accommodation

    ", + "

    If a worker gets a house or \u2018self-contained accommodation\u2019 as part of their job they can be paid \u00a31.50 less than their normal weekly pay. They may automatically get an agricultural tenancy.

    ", + "

    If the accommodation is not a house - for example, a caravan - they can be paid \u00a34.82 less each day they stay there.

    ", + "

    Accommodation must be safe, warm, secure - and have toilet and washing facilities and fresh drinking water.

    ", + "

    On-call allowance

    ", + "

    The on-call allowance for a worker is 2 hours\u2019 overtime pay for their grade, and is paid if they are not at work but have an arrangement with their employer:

    ", + "
  • to be contactable by an agreed method
    • ", + "
  • to be able to reach their workplace within an agreed time
    • ", + "

    If they are called into work, they must be paid overtime for the hours they work, or for 2 hours - whichever is the higher.

    ", + "

    Sick pay

    ", + "

    Agricultural workers are entitled to sick pay, meaning they\u2019ll get at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage when they\u2019re off.

    ", + "

    Grades and categories

    ", + "

    The minimum wage and other rights and entitlements for agricultural workers depends on their grade and category.

    ", + "

    Grades

    ", + "

    An agricultural worker\u2019s grade is based on their skills and responsibilities.

    ", + "

    Grade 1 - initial grade

    ", + "

    A grade 1 worker is usually supervised and works on simple tasks like harvesting or packing.

    ", + "

    They have the right to be trained to become a grade 2 worker once they\u2019ve worked for the same employer continuously for 30 weeks.

    ", + "

    Grade 2 - standard worker

    ", + "

    Someone is a grade 2 worker if they have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a vocational qualification of at least NVQ at level 2
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of competence for the agricultural sector they work in
    • ", + "

    Someone is also a grade 2 worker if they:

    ", + "
  • work mainly unsupervised
    • ", + "
  • work with animals
    • ", + "
  • use powered machinery
    • ", + "
  • drive a tractor
    • ", + "

    Grade 3 - lead worker

    ", + "

    If someone has worked in agriculture for at least 2 of the past 5 years, they\u2019re a grade 3 worker if they have either:

    ", + "
  • a National Certificate in agriculture or horticulture
    • ", + "
  • 4 certificates of competence or non-accredited competencies, for the agricultural sector they work in
    • ", + "

    Someone is also a grade 3 worker if

    ", + "
  • they manage a team - but not discipline team members
    • ", + "
  • their employer views them as a grade 3 team leader and they\u2019ve completed a one month (maximum) trial period
    • ", + "

    Grade 4 - craft grade

    ", + "

    Someone is a grade 4 worker if they have:

    ", + "
  • an NVQ level 3 vocational qualification
    • ", + "
  • 8 certificates of competence for the agricultural sector they work in
    • ", + "

    They should also have:

    ", + "
  • worked for the same employer continuously for 12 months since getting this qualification
    • ", + "
  • worked in agriculture for at least 2 of the past 5 years
    • ", + "

    There are other qualifications for grade 4 - you can get more help and advice.

    ", + "

    Grade 5 - supervisory grade

    ", + "

    A grade 5 worker is responsible for either:

    ", + "
  • supervising work on a farm on a daily basis
    • ", + "
  • instructing, supervising and disciplining staff
    • ", + "

    Grade 6 - farm management grade

    ", + "

    A grade 6 worker has either:

    ", + "
  • management responsibility for a farm - or part of a farm if it\u2019s run as a separate business
    • ", + "
  • responsibility for employing, disciplining and dismissing staff
    • ", + "

    Categories

    ", + "

    An agricultural worker\u2019s category depends on their duties, responsibilities and/or qualifications.

    ", + "

    Flexible workers

    ", + "

    Flexible workers must have a written \u2018flexible working agreement\u2019.

    ", + "

    A full-time flexible worker works:

    ", + "
  • a 39 basic hour week - the hours can vary over different days
    • ", + "
  • set working hours and working days, which cannot be changed unless agreed with the employer
    • ", + "
  • on a Sunday when needed
    • ", + "

    A part-time flexible worker works:

    ", + "
  • less than 39 basic hours a week - the hours can vary over different days
    • ", + "
  • set working hours and working days, which cannot be changed unless agreed with the employer
    • ", + "

    Trainee

    ", + "

    A trainee is someone who is:

    ", + "
  • on work experience as part of a Business, Innovation and Skills-approved training scheme
    • ", + "
  • on work experience in agriculture as part of the Diploma in Environmental and Land-Based Studies for 14 to 19-year-olds
    • ", + "
  • taking part in the second phase of the European Leonardo da Vinci Programme
    • ", + "

    Apprentice

    ", + "

    Rights for apprentices are different.

    ", + "

    Agricultural tenancies

    ", + "

    If an agricultural worker gets a self-contained home as part of their job they may automatically have an \u2018assured agricultural occupancy\u2019. This will not happen if they had a written notice at the start of the tenancy saying that it was an assured shorthold tenancy instead.

    ", + "

    How it starts

    ", + "

    An assured agricultural occupancy starts when the worker has been employed in agriculture (by any employer) for 91 weeks of the last 104, including paid holiday and sick leave, and:

    ", + "
  • the tenant works 35 hours or more a week
    • ", + "
  • the accommodation is owned by the farmer, or arranged by them
    • ", + "

    Who can get one

    ", + "

    The tenant must be a serving farm worker or a:

    ", + "
  • farm manager or family worker
    • ", + "
  • retired farm worker
    • ", + "
  • farm worker forced to give up work
    • ", + "
  • former farm worker who has taken other employment
    • ", + "
  • deceased farm worker\u2019s widow, widower or family member of a worker and were living with the worker when they died
    • ", + "

    They have to have been working for the farmer who provides or arranges the accommodation.

    ", + "

    You can get more detailed information on who can get an assured agricultural occupancy in \u2018agricultural lettings\u2019.

    ", + "

    Rent increases

    ", + "

    The rent can go up at any time if the worker agrees - if they do not, then it can only go up yearly, unless a different interval is stated in the tenancy agreement. The farmer must tell the worker in writing before putting the rent up.

    ", + "

    The employment ends

    ", + "

    If the worker loses their job or retires, they can stay in the accommodation. The farmer can ask them to start paying rent - or a higher rent than before. If the farmer and worker cannot agree on a rent, they can go to a rent assessment committee.

    ", + "

    If the farmer wants the property back, they can apply to the courts, although they may have to provide the tenant with suitable alternative accommodation. If nothing suitable is available, the tenant may be entitled to re-housing by the council.

    ", + "

    The farmer wants to end the tenancy

    ", + "

    The farmer may want the property back for a new worker, or to end the tenancy because the worker is:

    ", + "
  • not paying the rent
    • ", + "
  • breaking terms of the tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • damaging the property or its contents
    • ", + "
  • being a nuisance to neighbours
    • ", + "

    If the worker does not leave willingly, the farmer will have to go to court, and the court will decide whether the worker has to go. If the worker is still a serving farm worker, the farmer may have to provide alternative accommodation.

    ", + "

    If a tenant dies

    ", + "

    The tenancy will automatically pass to their husband or wife. If they did not have a husband or wife, it can pass to another family member if they lived there for the 2 years before the worker\u2019s death.

    ", + "

    Gangmasters

    ", + "

    An individual or business that provides workers for agricultural work is called a \u2018gangmaster\u2019.

    ", + "

    Gangmasters must be licensed if they provide workers for:

    ", + "
  • agriculture
    • ", + "
  • horticulture
    • ", + "
  • dairy farming
    • ", + "
  • food and drink processing or packaging
    • ", + "
  • forestry
    • ", + "
  • gathering shellfish (anybody who uses supplied workers to gather shellfish also needs to be licensed)
    • ", + "

    There are some jobs in these industries that do not need a gangmaster licence.

    ", + "

    You can check if a gangmaster is licensed.

    ", + "

    Changes to employment terms and conditions

    ", + "

    From 1 October 2013, the terms and conditions changed for agricultural and horticultural workers in England who begin new jobs. This includes workers supplied by a gangmaster.

    ", + "

    Employment started on or after 1 October 2013

    ", + "

    Workers must receive at least:

    ", + "
  • the National Minimum Wage
    • ", + "
  • other statutory minimum terms of employment
    • ", + "

    Employment started before 1 October 2013

    ", + "

    Workers, including those supplied by a gangmaster, are still entitled to the terms and conditions of their contract.

    ", + "

    For example, this might mean workers are entitled to overtime rates, agricultural sick pay and dog allowance. Where accommodation is provided in a contract, workers can continue living in that accommodation.

    ", + "

    These entitlements and any other terms and conditions already agreed will continue to apply unless the contract is changed by mutual agreement or it finishes.

    ", + "

    Workers must always be paid at least the appropriate National Minimum Wage. A worker\u2019s rate must be raised if it ever falls below the minimum.

    ", + "

    Enforcement of workers\u2019 rights

    ", + "

    Workers should contact the Acas helpline if they\u2019re concerned that they\u2019re not working under the right terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    Wales

    ", + "

    There is no change in terms and conditions for workers in Wales after 1 October 2013.

    ", + "

    Workers should contact the Agriculture: Sustainable Development Division if they\u2019re concerned they\u2019re not working under the correct terms and conditions.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/farm-and-livery-horses": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/farm-and-livery-horses", + "title": "Farm and livery horses", + "content": "## Looking after horses\n\nA horse is considered to be an agricultural animal if it is used to farm agricultural land or is farmed for meat or hides.\n\nHorses on farms or in stables and livery yards are protected by the Animal Welfare Act. If you own or are responsible for a horse, you have a duty to look after its basic welfare by:\n\n- providing it with a suitable place to live\n\n- giving it a suitable diet\n\n- protecting it from pain, injury, suffering and disease\n\n- making sure it can behave normally and naturally\n\nYou can get an unlimited fine or be sent to prison for up to 6 months if you are cruel to an animal or do not care for it properly. You may also be banned from owning animals in future.\n\nThe standards for looking after horses on farms or in livery yards are set out in the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) \u2018Code of Practice for the Welfare of Horses, Ponies, Donkeys and their Hybrids\u2019.\n\nFailing to follow the Code of Practice could be used against you if you are prosecuted under the Animal Welfare Act.\n\n## Stables and livery yards\n\nAt a livery yard, horses are housed and cared for in return for payment but do not belong to the owner of the yard.\n\nHealth and safety standards for livery yards are set out by the Chartered Institute for Environmental Health (CIEH).\n\n## Planning permission for stables and livery yards\n\nStables and livery yards require planning permission:\n\n- in England and Wales\n\n- in Scotland\n\nYou can make a planning application online.\n\n## Dealing with waste\n\n## Horse manure\n\nHorse manure is not considered waste if all of the following apply:\n\n- it is used as soil fertiliser\n\n- it is used lawfully for spreading on clearly identified pieces of agricultural land\n\n- it is only stored to be used for spreading on agricultural land\n\nIf you store or spread horse waste near to water, it can be a health hazard and could harm the environment. You will need to follow rules on Nitrate Vulnerable Zones and follow rules on the pollution of groundwater.\n\n## Getting rid of solid waste\n\nSolid waste includes things like:\n\n- contaminated bedding\n\n- food containers\n\n- horse manure (if not used as soil fertiliser)\n\n- empty pesticide and other chemical containers\n\n- plastics such as silage wrap, bags and sheets\n\n- tyres, batteries, clinical waste, old machinery and oil\n\nYou must use a licensed facility to get rid of solid waste - it\u2019s against the law to dump or burn it.\n\nContact the Environment Agency or your local authority for information on how to get rid of solid waste.\n\nSome biodegradable waste can be composted. Composting plants must be registered with the Environment Agency. You may need an environmental permit for on-site composting of some materials.\n\n## Transporting horses\n\nYou should not transport a horse in a way that may cause it harm or distress. There are welfare regulations for transporting live animals, including for commercial reasons.\n\nHorses, ponies and donkeys must have a horse passport with them whenever they are transported.\n\nThere are other rules you must follow if you\u2019re importing or exporting an animal, even if you\u2019re only transporting them overseas temporarily.\n\n## Death and disease\n\nIf you think that a horse has a notifiable disease then you must immediately contact your local Animal Health Office.\n\n## Fallen stock\n\nIf a horse dies or has to be put down on your premises, you will have to arrange its disposal as fallen stock under animal by-products (ABPs) controls.\n\nThis includes:\n\n- entire animal bodies\n\n- parts of animals\n\n- products of animal origin\n\n- other products obtained from animals that are not for human consumption.\n\nYou must deal with ABPs promptly to protect people, animals and the environment. In most cases, this will mean arranging for them to be taken away to approved premises, like:\n\n- rendering plants\n\n- incinerators\n\n- collection centres\n\n- storage plants\n\nYour local council can provide a list of approved premises for the disposal of ABPs.\n\nThe National Fallen Stock Scheme is a not-for-profit scheme which helps farmers and animal owners to follow the law on disposing of fallen stock.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Looking after horses

    ", + "

    A horse is considered to be an agricultural animal if it is used to farm agricultural land or is farmed for meat or hides.

    ", + "

    Horses on farms or in stables and livery yards are protected by the Animal Welfare Act. If you own or are responsible for a horse, you have a duty to look after its basic welfare by:

    ", + "
  • providing it with a suitable place to live
    • ", + "
  • giving it a suitable diet
    • ", + "
  • protecting it from pain, injury, suffering and disease
    • ", + "
  • making sure it can behave normally and naturally
    • ", + "

    You can get an unlimited fine or be sent to prison for up to 6 months if you are cruel to an animal or do not care for it properly. You may also be banned from owning animals in future.

    ", + "

    The standards for looking after horses on farms or in livery yards are set out in the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (Defra) \u2018Code of Practice for the Welfare of Horses, Ponies, Donkeys and their Hybrids\u2019.

    ", + "

    Failing to follow the Code of Practice could be used against you if you are prosecuted under the Animal Welfare Act.

    ", + "

    Stables and livery yards

    ", + "

    At a livery yard, horses are housed and cared for in return for payment but do not belong to the owner of the yard.

    ", + "

    Health and safety standards for livery yards are set out by the Chartered Institute for Environmental Health (CIEH).

    ", + "

    Planning permission for stables and livery yards

    ", + "

    Stables and livery yards require planning permission:

    ", + "
  • in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • in Scotland
    • ", + "

    You can make a planning application online.

    ", + "

    Dealing with waste

    ", + "

    Horse manure

    ", + "

    Horse manure is not considered waste if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it is used as soil fertiliser
    • ", + "
  • it is used lawfully for spreading on clearly identified pieces of agricultural land
    • ", + "
  • it is only stored to be used for spreading on agricultural land
    • ", + "

    If you store or spread horse waste near to water, it can be a health hazard and could harm the environment. You will need to follow rules on Nitrate Vulnerable Zones and follow rules on the pollution of groundwater.

    ", + "

    Getting rid of solid waste

    ", + "

    Solid waste includes things like:

    ", + "
  • contaminated bedding
    • ", + "
  • food containers
    • ", + "
  • horse manure (if not used as soil fertiliser)
    • ", + "
  • empty pesticide and other chemical containers
    • ", + "
  • plastics such as silage wrap, bags and sheets
    • ", + "
  • tyres, batteries, clinical waste, old machinery and oil
    • ", + "

    You must use a licensed facility to get rid of solid waste - it\u2019s against the law to dump or burn it.

    ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency or your local authority for information on how to get rid of solid waste.

    ", + "

    Some biodegradable waste can be composted. Composting plants must be registered with the Environment Agency. You may need an environmental permit for on-site composting of some materials.

    ", + "

    Transporting horses

    ", + "

    You should not transport a horse in a way that may cause it harm or distress. There are welfare regulations for transporting live animals, including for commercial reasons.

    ", + "

    Horses, ponies and donkeys must have a horse passport with them whenever they are transported.

    ", + "

    There are other rules you must follow if you\u2019re importing or exporting an animal, even if you\u2019re only transporting them overseas temporarily.

    ", + "

    Death and disease

    ", + "

    If you think that a horse has a notifiable disease then you must immediately contact your local Animal Health Office.

    ", + "

    Fallen stock

    ", + "

    If a horse dies or has to be put down on your premises, you will have to arrange its disposal as fallen stock under animal by-products (ABPs) controls.

    ", + "

    This includes:

    ", + "
  • entire animal bodies
    • ", + "
  • parts of animals
    • ", + "
  • products of animal origin
    • ", + "
  • other products obtained from animals that are not for human consumption.
    • ", + "

    You must deal with ABPs promptly to protect people, animals and the environment. In most cases, this will mean arranging for them to be taken away to approved premises, like:

    ", + "
  • rendering plants
    • ", + "
  • incinerators
    • ", + "
  • collection centres
    • ", + "
  • storage plants
    • ", + "

    Your local council can provide a list of approved premises for the disposal of ABPs.

    ", + "

    The National Fallen Stock Scheme is a not-for-profit scheme which helps farmers and animal owners to follow the law on disposing of fallen stock.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-for-farm-vehicles": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-for-farm-vehicles", + "title": "Health and safety using farm vehicles and machinery", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you own or manage a farm, you\u2019re responsible for ensuring the health and safety of your workers and anyone who\u2019s affected by what they do.\n\nYou must:\n\n- carry out a assessment of any risks related to your farm\n\n- have a plan to manage these risks and protect people from harm\n\n- plan and set standards to be sure that your health and safety practices work\n\n- check how you\u2019re doing through regular inspections and monitoring\n\nYou must make sure that all farming vehicles and equipment are:\n\n- safe to use\n\n- appropriate for the jobs they are used for\n\n- their safety risks are reduced as much as possible\n\n## Health and safety assessments\n\nThe Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has produced guidance to help farmers conduct health and safety assessments of their farms.\n\nThe \u2018Farmwise\u2019 guide also provides information and guidance on health and safety for farm vehicles and machinery.\n\n## Buying vehicles and equipment\n\n## CE Mark\n\nMost new machines, vehicles or pieces of farming equipment you buy must be \u2018CE\u2019 marked. This mark means that it has been built to meet minimum legal safety requirements.\n\nMost new machines or pieces of equipment should also have:\n\n- a \u2018declaration of conformity\u2019 to show that it meets EU standards\n\n- a manual\n\n- information on noise levels\n\n## Second-hand equipment and vehicles\n\nBefore using second hand machinery, you should:\n\n- make sure that it complies with the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998\n\n- get the operator\u2019s manual or suitable instructions for use\n\n- replace or repair any missing or damaged safety guards before use\n\n## Maintaining vehicles and equipment\n\nYou must make sure that all your equipment is properly maintained and in good working order. You\u2019ll need to perform regular maintenance checks on all of your vehicles and machinery.\n\nYou can find useful equipment maintenance checklists on the British Agricultural and Garden Machinery Association website.\n\nThe Department for Transport also provides guidance on performing health checks on farm vehicles.\n\nYou can find information on the safe use of agricultural machinery on the Health and Safety Executive website.\n\n## Noise levels\n\nHigh levels of noise can damage hearing. By law, you must assess the level of noise in areas where people work for you. You must take action where noise exceeds certain levels.\n\nIf you have noisy machinery or equipment, you should consider:\n\n- providing hearing protection for operators\n\n- using barriers or screens to block sound\n\n- using materials to absorb sound\n\n- limiting the time spent in noisy environments\n\nRead information from the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) on noise levels at work.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you own or manage a farm, you\u2019re responsible for ensuring the health and safety of your workers and anyone who\u2019s affected by what they do.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • carry out a assessment of any risks related to your farm
    • ", + "
  • have a plan to manage these risks and protect people from harm
    • ", + "
  • plan and set standards to be sure that your health and safety practices work
    • ", + "
  • check how you\u2019re doing through regular inspections and monitoring
    • ", + "

    You must make sure that all farming vehicles and equipment are:

    ", + "
  • safe to use
    • ", + "
  • appropriate for the jobs they are used for
    • ", + "
  • their safety risks are reduced as much as possible
    • ", + "

    Health and safety assessments

    ", + "

    The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has produced guidance to help farmers conduct health and safety assessments of their farms.

    ", + "

    The \u2018Farmwise\u2019 guide also provides information and guidance on health and safety for farm vehicles and machinery.

    ", + "

    Buying vehicles and equipment

    ", + "

    CE Mark

    ", + "

    Most new machines, vehicles or pieces of farming equipment you buy must be \u2018CE\u2019 marked. This mark means that it has been built to meet minimum legal safety requirements.

    ", + "

    Most new machines or pieces of equipment should also have:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018declaration of conformity\u2019 to show that it meets EU standards
    • ", + "
  • a manual
    • ", + "
  • information on noise levels
    • ", + "

    Second-hand equipment and vehicles

    ", + "

    Before using second hand machinery, you should:

    ", + "
  • make sure that it complies with the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998
    • ", + "
  • get the operator\u2019s manual or suitable instructions for use
    • ", + "
  • replace or repair any missing or damaged safety guards before use
    • ", + "

    Maintaining vehicles and equipment

    ", + "

    You must make sure that all your equipment is properly maintained and in good working order. You\u2019ll need to perform regular maintenance checks on all of your vehicles and machinery.

    ", + "

    You can find useful equipment maintenance checklists on the British Agricultural and Garden Machinery Association website.

    ", + "

    The Department for Transport also provides guidance on performing health checks on farm vehicles.

    ", + "

    You can find information on the safe use of agricultural machinery on the Health and Safety Executive website.

    ", + "

    Noise levels

    ", + "

    High levels of noise can damage hearing. By law, you must assess the level of noise in areas where people work for you. You must take action where noise exceeds certain levels.

    ", + "

    If you have noisy machinery or equipment, you should consider:

    ", + "
  • providing hearing protection for operators
    • ", + "
  • using barriers or screens to block sound
    • ", + "
  • using materials to absorb sound
    • ", + "
  • limiting the time spent in noisy environments
    • ", + "

    Read information from the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) on noise levels at work.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "title": "Planning permission for farms", + "content": "## When you need it\n\nFarms are covered by the same planning regulations as other types of property. Some planning rules include special conditions for agricultural buildings and land.\n\nYou need planning permission if:\n\n- you want to change how you use your land or buildings from farming to something else\n\n- you want to build a house on the land\n\nYou will also usually need planning permission if you are applying for a grant to fund a project that needs a building or other development.\n\n## When you don\u2019t need it\n\nYou don\u2019t need planning permission:\n\n- for farming operations\n\n- to use buildings already on your land for farming purposes\n\n- to change the inside of a building, or make small alterations to the outside - eg installing an alarm box\n\n- if there are permitted development rights\n\nBefore starting work on the project, always check with:\n\n- your local planning authority in England and Wales\n\n- your local planning authority in Scotland\n\n- you local area planning office in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you don\u2019t get planning permission when you need it you may have to stop work on the development or demolish it.\n\n## Apply for planning permission\n\nIn England and Wales, you can apply online at the Planning Portal.\n\nIn Scotland you can apply online at ePlanning Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you apply for planning permission to your local area planning office.\n\n## Permitted development\n\nPermitted development means that if your farm is 5 hectares or more, you have the right to:\n\n- erect, extend or alter a building\n\n- carry out excavations and engineering operations needed for agricultural purposes - though you may still require approval for certain details of the development.\n\nThe types of permitted development include:\n\n- temporary uses of land\n\n- agricultural buildings below a certain size\n\n- forestry buildings\n\n- caravan sites and related buildings in some circumstances\n\nCheck with your local planning authority (or local area planning office in Northern Ireland) before making use of permitted development rights to make sure your development won\u2019t need planning permission.\n\nThe Agricultural Document Library (ADLib) has policy planning guidance on permitted development and farms.\n\n## Appeals\n\nThe way you appeal and the deadlines for appealing are different depending on which country you\u2019re in. See the relevant planning guide for more information:\n\n- England and Wales\n\n- Scotland", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you need it

    ", + "

    Farms are covered by the same planning regulations as other types of property. Some planning rules include special conditions for agricultural buildings and land.

    ", + "

    You need planning permission if:

    ", + "
  • you want to change how you use your land or buildings from farming to something else
    • ", + "
  • you want to build a house on the land
    • ", + "

    You will also usually need planning permission if you are applying for a grant to fund a project that needs a building or other development.

    ", + "

    When you don\u2019t need it

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need planning permission:

    ", + "
  • for farming operations
    • ", + "
  • to use buildings already on your land for farming purposes
    • ", + "
  • to change the inside of a building, or make small alterations to the outside - eg installing an alarm box
    • ", + "
  • if there are permitted development rights
    • ", + "

    Before starting work on the project, always check with:

    ", + "
  • your local planning authority in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • your local planning authority in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • you local area planning office in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    If you don\u2019t get planning permission when you need it you may have to stop work on the development or demolish it.

    ", + "

    Apply for planning permission

    ", + "

    In England and Wales, you can apply online at the Planning Portal.

    ", + "

    In Scotland you can apply online at ePlanning Scotland.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, you apply for planning permission to your local area planning office.

    ", + "

    Permitted development

    ", + "

    Permitted development means that if your farm is 5 hectares or more, you have the right to:

    ", + "
  • erect, extend or alter a building
    • ", + "
  • carry out excavations and engineering operations needed for agricultural purposes - though you may still require approval for certain details of the development.
    • ", + "

    The types of permitted development include:

    ", + "
  • temporary uses of land
    • ", + "
  • agricultural buildings below a certain size
    • ", + "
  • forestry buildings
    • ", + "
  • caravan sites and related buildings in some circumstances
    • ", + "

    Check with your local planning authority (or local area planning office in Northern Ireland) before making use of permitted development rights to make sure your development won\u2019t need planning permission.

    ", + "

    The Agricultural Document Library (ADLib) has policy planning guidance on permitted development and farms.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    The way you appeal and the deadlines for appealing are different depending on which country you\u2019re in. See the relevant planning guide for more information:

    ", + "
  • England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/register-land-rural-land-register": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-land-rural-land-register", + "title": "Register land with the Rural Land Register", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must use the Rural Land Register (RLR) to register agricultural land.\n\nYou can register any type of land or property with HM Land Registry.\n\nYou must register your land with both the RLR and HM Land Registry to claim from most land-based funding schemes, including:\n\n- Environmental Stewardship schemes\n\n- the English Woodland Grant Scheme\n\nRegister with your local Rural Payments and Inspections Directorate (RPID) office if your land is in Scotland.\n\n## What to register\n\nYou only need to register land that you want to claim payments on. This includes land that:\n\n- you farm\n\n- qualifies for land-based payment schemes, for example because it has environmental value\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nYou\u2019ll get a complete set of maps showing your registered land.\n\n## Who can register\n\n## Customer registration\n\nYou need to register as a customer with the Rural Payments Agency (RPA) before you register your land. You\u2019ll need to tell them:\n\n- the name and address of your business\n\n- who is legally responsible for your business\n\n- the address of your land, including the grid reference or postcode\n\n- who your main contact person should be and what powers they should have\n\nThe main contact person can be yourself, a person legally responsible for your business or someone independent (an agent).\n\nYou can give an agent full powers (empowerment) to deal with your land registration or partial powers (for example, they can access information but not change it).\n\nThe Rural Payments Agency has produced a leaflet about the different levels of empowerment you can give your contact person.\n\nCall the RPA to give this information for the first time or change existing contact details for your business.\n\nYou\u2019ll receive a Single Business Identifier for your business, and each person will get a Personal Identifier. You\u2019ll need these to register your land.\n\n## Landlords and tenants\n\nEither the landlord or the tenant can register land on the Rural Land Register, but the land can only be registered once.\n\nHowever, it\u2019s possible for the landlord to claim funds under one land scheme and their tenant to claim under another.\n\n## How to register land or change a registration\n\nYou can use the RLE1 form to:\n\n- register new land for the first time\n\n- make changes to land already on the Rural Land Register, for example if the boundaries change or if you sell the land to someone else\n\nFill in the form and post it to the Rural Payments Agency (RPA). You can either download the form below or ask the RPA to send you a pre-printed copy.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give your Single Business Identifier - you\u2019ll get this when you complete the customer registration process for the first time.\n\nYou also need to enclose a map with a visible scale if you\u2019re registering land for the first time, or if your boundaries have changed. Mark your land boundaries clearly with a fine-tipped pen.\n\nRead the guidance on filling out form RLE1.\n\n## Contacting the RPA\n\n## If you live in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nThe Rural Land Register only covers land in England.\n\nIf your land is in more than one country, you\u2019ll need to register each piece of land separately for each country.\n\nContact the Rural Payments Agency if you have land in more than one country and have questions about your land in England.\n\nUse the numbers below if you have land in more than one country and have questions about land in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales.\n\n## Land in Scotland\n\n## Land in Northern Ireland\n\n## Land in Wales\n\nFind out about call charges.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must use the Rural Land Register (RLR) to register agricultural land.

    ", + "

    You can register any type of land or property with HM Land Registry.

    ", + "

    You must register your land with both the RLR and HM Land Registry to claim from most land-based funding schemes, including:

    ", + "
  • Environmental Stewardship schemes
    • ", + "
  • the English Woodland Grant Scheme
    • ", + "

    Register with your local Rural Payments and Inspections Directorate (RPID) office if your land is in Scotland.

    ", + "

    What to register

    ", + "

    You only need to register land that you want to claim payments on. This includes land that:

    ", + "
  • you farm
    • ", + "
  • qualifies for land-based payment schemes, for example because it has environmental value
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a complete set of maps showing your registered land.

    ", + "

    Who can register

    ", + "

    Customer registration

    ", + "

    You need to register as a customer with the Rural Payments Agency (RPA) before you register your land. You\u2019ll need to tell them:

    ", + "
  • the name and address of your business
    • ", + "
  • who is legally responsible for your business
    • ", + "
  • the address of your land, including the grid reference or postcode
    • ", + "
  • who your main contact person should be and what powers they should have
    • ", + "

    The main contact person can be yourself, a person legally responsible for your business or someone independent (an agent).

    ", + "

    You can give an agent full powers (empowerment) to deal with your land registration or partial powers (for example, they can access information but not change it).

    ", + "

    The Rural Payments Agency has produced a leaflet about the different levels of empowerment you can give your contact person.

    ", + "

    Call the RPA to give this information for the first time or change existing contact details for your business.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive a Single Business Identifier for your business, and each person will get a Personal Identifier. You\u2019ll need these to register your land.

    ", + "

    Landlords and tenants

    ", + "

    Either the landlord or the tenant can register land on the Rural Land Register, but the land can only be registered once.

    ", + "

    However, it\u2019s possible for the landlord to claim funds under one land scheme and their tenant to claim under another.

    ", + "

    How to register land or change a registration

    ", + "

    You can use the RLE1 form to:

    ", + "
  • register new land for the first time
    • ", + "
  • make changes to land already on the Rural Land Register, for example if the boundaries change or if you sell the land to someone else
    • ", + "

    Fill in the form and post it to the Rural Payments Agency (RPA). You can either download the form below or ask the RPA to send you a pre-printed copy.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give your Single Business Identifier - you\u2019ll get this when you complete the customer registration process for the first time.

    ", + "

    You also need to enclose a map with a visible scale if you\u2019re registering land for the first time, or if your boundaries have changed. Mark your land boundaries clearly with a fine-tipped pen.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on filling out form RLE1.

    ", + "

    Contacting the RPA

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    The Rural Land Register only covers land in England.

    ", + "

    If your land is in more than one country, you\u2019ll need to register each piece of land separately for each country.

    ", + "

    Contact the Rural Payments Agency if you have land in more than one country and have questions about your land in England.

    ", + "

    Use the numbers below if you have land in more than one country and have questions about land in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales.

    ", + "

    Land in Scotland

    ", + "

    Land in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Land in Wales

    ", + "

    Find out about call charges.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/report-veterinary-medicine-problem": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-veterinary-medicine-problem", + "title": "Report a suspected problem with an animal medicine or microchip", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can report an unexpected reaction to an animal medicine or microchip to the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). You can also report if an animal medicine has not worked.\n\nHow you report the reaction depends on whether:\n\n- an animal has reacted to animal medicine or to a microchip\n\n- a human has reacted to animal medicine\n\nVMD will use the information you provide to help make sure that animal medicines and microchips are used safely and effectively.\n\n## Report an animal's reaction to animal medicine\n\nYou can report when a medicine may not have worked, or could have made your animal unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for details of:\n\n- the medicine, including batch number and marketing authorisation number if known\n\n- the animal that was affected, for example the species, breed and age\n\n- when and how the medicine was first given to the animal\n\n- the symptoms\n\nSend your report\n\n## If you cannot report online\n\nDownload and fill in the form for reporting reactions in animals. Send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Report an animal's reaction to a microchip\n\nYou can report suspected incidents with animal microchips including:\n\n- a reaction to the chip being implanted, such as injury, infection or prolonged bleeding\n\n- if a chip\u2019s moved from where it was implanted or has come out\n\n- a chip that does not read properly\n\nYou\u2019ll need the microchip number to make a report.\n\nSend your report\n\nContact VMD if you cannot report the incident online.\n\n## Report a person's reaction to animal medicine\n\nYou can report a suspected reaction you or someone else has had to an animal medicine while using it on an animal, for example a skin allergy.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for details of:\n\n- the medicine, including the batch number and marketing authorisation number (if you know it)\n\n- the people affected - and how and when they came into contact with the medicine\n\n- the symptoms\n\nSend your report\n\n## If you cannot report online\n\nDownload and fill in the form for reporting reactions in humans. Send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Contact VMD\n\nContact the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) Pharmacovigilance Team if you have any questions about reporting reactions.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can report an unexpected reaction to an animal medicine or microchip to the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). You can also report if an animal medicine has not worked.

    ", + "

    How you report the reaction depends on whether:

    ", + "
  • an animal has reacted to animal medicine or to a microchip
    • ", + "
  • a human has reacted to animal medicine
    • ", + "

    VMD will use the information you provide to help make sure that animal medicines and microchips are used safely and effectively.

    ", + "

    Report an animal's reaction to animal medicine

    ", + "

    You can report when a medicine may not have worked, or could have made your animal unwell.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked for details of:

    ", + "
  • the medicine, including batch number and marketing authorisation number if known
    • ", + "
  • the animal that was affected, for example the species, breed and age
    • ", + "
  • when and how the medicine was first given to the animal
    • ", + "
  • the symptoms
    • ", + "

    Send your report

    ", + "

    If you cannot report online

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the form for reporting reactions in animals. Send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Report an animal's reaction to a microchip

    ", + "

    You can report suspected incidents with animal microchips including:

    ", + "
  • a reaction to the chip being implanted, such as injury, infection or prolonged bleeding
    • ", + "
  • if a chip\u2019s moved from where it was implanted or has come out
    • ", + "
  • a chip that does not read properly
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the microchip number to make a report.

    ", + "

    Send your report

    ", + "

    Contact VMD if you cannot report the incident online.

    ", + "

    Report a person's reaction to animal medicine

    ", + "

    You can report a suspected reaction you or someone else has had to an animal medicine while using it on an animal, for example a skin allergy.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked for details of:

    ", + "
  • the medicine, including the batch number and marketing authorisation number (if you know it)
    • ", + "
  • the people affected - and how and when they came into contact with the medicine
    • ", + "
  • the symptoms
    • ", + "

    Send your report

    ", + "

    If you cannot report online

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the form for reporting reactions in humans. Send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Contact VMD

    ", + "

    Contact the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) Pharmacovigilance Team if you have any questions about reporting reactions.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-register-a-trade-mark": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-register-a-trade-mark", + "title": "Apply to register a trade mark", + "content": "## Register a trade mark\n\nYou can register your trade mark to protect your brand, for example the name of your product or service.\n\nWhen you register your trade mark, you\u2019ll be able to:\n\n- take legal action against anyone who uses your brand without your permission, including counterfeiters\n\n- put the \u00ae symbol next to your brand - to show that it\u2019s yours and warn others against using it\n\n- sell and license your brand\n\n## How to register a trade mark\n\n- Check if your brand qualifies as a trade mark.\n\n- Apply to register your trade mark.\n\n- Respond to any objections.\n\nThe registration process takes about 4 months if no-one objects. Registered trade marks last 10 years.\n\n## Register your trade mark overseas\n\nRegistering a trade mark in the UK only protects your brand in the UK.\n\nThere are different processes for registering EU and international trade marks.\n\n## What you can and cannot register\n\nYour trade mark must be unique. It can include:\n\n- words\n\n- sounds\n\n- logos\n\n- colours\n\n- a combination of any of these\n\nYour trade mark cannot:\n\n- be offensive, for example contain swear words or pornographic images\n\n- describe the goods or services it will relate to, for example the word \u2018cotton\u2019 cannot be a trade mark for a cotton textile company\n\n- be misleading, for example use the word \u2018organic\u2019 for goods that are not organic\n\n- be a 3-dimensional shape associated with your trade mark, for example the shape of an egg for eggs\n\n- be too common and non-distinctive, for example be a simple statement like \u2018we lead the way\u2019\n\n- look too similar to state symbols like flags or hallmarks, based on World Intellectual Property Organization guidelines\n\n## Series applications\n\nIf you have similar versions of your trade mark, you can make a series application for up to 6 marks.\n\nAll your marks should:\n\n- look the same\n\n- sound the same\n\n- mean the same\n\nAny differences must be minor.\n\n## Check if your trade mark is already registered\n\nBefore you apply, you must search the trade marks database to check if anyone has already registered an identical or similar trade mark for the same or similar goods or services.\n\nYou must also check the EU trade marks register on the European Union Intellectual Property Office website for any EU applications that were \u2018pending\u2019 on 1 January 2021. These applications have priority over yours.\n\nYou can ask the holder of an existing trade mark for permission to register yours. They must give you a \u2018letter of consent\u2019 - you must send this letter with your application.\n\nYou can use a trade mark attorney to help you with searches and registrations.\n\n## Apply\n\nThis service will be unavailable from 6am to 4pm on Saturday 26 June.\n\nYou cannot change your trade mark once you\u2019ve applied, and the fees are non-refundable.\n\nYou\u2019ll get feedback on your application (called an \u2018examination report\u2019) within 12 weeks (60 working days).\n\n## Before you apply\n\nYou must check if your trade mark is already registered.\n\nRead the guide to new applications before you start if you\u2019ve not applied before.\n\n## Apply to register a trademark\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- details of what you want to register, for example a word, illustration or slogan\n\n- the trade mark classes you want to register in, for example food and drink services (class 43) or chemicals (class 1)\n\nApply now\n\n## How much it costs\n\nYou can use the \u2018Right Start\u2019 service if you want to check your application meets the rules for registration.\n\nYou pay \u00a3100 initially, plus \u00a350 for each additional class. You\u2019ll then get a report telling you if your application meets the rules.\n\nIf you want to continue, you must pay the full fee within 28 days of getting your report.\n\nYou can also choose to continue your application even if it does not meet the rules for registration.\n\n| | Fee | Each additional class |\n\n| Standard application (online) | \u00a3170 | \u00a350 |\n\n| Right Start application (online) | \u00a3200 (\u00a3100 up front plus \u00a3100 if you go ahead with your registration) | \u00a350 (\u00a325 up front plus \u00a325 if you go ahead with your registration) |\n\nA series application for 3 or more marks costs an additional \u00a350 per mark.\n\n## Other ways to apply\n\nFill in the paper forms if you want to apply by post. It costs \u00a3200 for one class plus \u00a350 for each additional class.\n\n## After you apply\n\n- You\u2019ll get feedback on your application (an \u2018examination report\u2019) in up to 12 weeks (60 working days) - you have 2 months to resolve any problems.\n\n- If the examiner has no objections your application will be published in the trade marks journal for 2 months, during which time anyone can oppose it.\n\n- Your trade mark will be registered once any objections are resolved - you\u2019ll get a certificate to confirm this.\n\n## If your application is opposed\n\nThe Intellectual Property Office will tell you if someone opposes your application.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- withdraw your application\n\n- talk to the person making the opposition\n\n- defend your application\n\nYou cannot register your trade mark until the matter is settled and may have to pay legal costs if you want to challenge the opposing party.\n\nRead guidance on your options following an opposition.\n\nResearch previous trade mark decisions to help you with a dispute and prepare for a hearing.\n\n## Once your trade mark is registered\n\nYou must report any changes to your name, address or email address.\n\nYou can object to other people\u2019s trade marks, for example if you think they are identical or similar to yours.\n\nYou can sell, market, license and mortgage your trade mark.\n\nYour trade mark will last 10 years - you can renew it after that time.\n\n## Unregistered trade marks\n\nYou may be able to stop someone using a similar trade mark to yours on their goods and services (known as \u2018passing off\u2019), even if you have not registered it.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to get legal advice from a trade mark attorney.\n\nIt\u2019s harder to prove passing off than it is to defend a registered trade mark. To be successful you\u2019ll need to show that:\n\n- the mark is yours\n\n- you\u2019ve built up goodwill associated with the mark\n\n- you\u2019ve been harmed in some way by the other person\u2019s use of the mark", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Register a trade mark

    ", + "

    You can register your trade mark to protect your brand, for example the name of your product or service.

    ", + "

    When you register your trade mark, you\u2019ll be able to:

    ", + "
  • take legal action against anyone who uses your brand without your permission, including counterfeiters
    • ", + "
  • put the \u00ae symbol next to your brand - to show that it\u2019s yours and warn others against using it
    • ", + "
  • sell and license your brand
    • ", + "

    How to register a trade mark

    ", + "
  • Check if your brand qualifies as a trade mark.
    • ", + "
  • Apply to register your trade mark.
    • ", + "
  • Respond to any objections.
    • ", + "

    The registration process takes about 4 months if no-one objects. Registered trade marks last 10 years.

    ", + "

    Register your trade mark overseas

    ", + "

    Registering a trade mark in the UK only protects your brand in the UK.

    ", + "

    There are different processes for registering EU and international trade marks.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot register

    ", + "

    Your trade mark must be unique. It can include:

    ", + "
  • words
    • ", + "
  • sounds
    • ", + "
  • logos
    • ", + "
  • colours
    • ", + "
  • a combination of any of these
    • ", + "

    Your trade mark cannot:

    ", + "
  • be offensive, for example contain swear words or pornographic images
    • ", + "
  • describe the goods or services it will relate to, for example the word \u2018cotton\u2019 cannot be a trade mark for a cotton textile company
    • ", + "
  • be misleading, for example use the word \u2018organic\u2019 for goods that are not organic
    • ", + "
  • be a 3-dimensional shape associated with your trade mark, for example the shape of an egg for eggs
    • ", + "
  • be too common and non-distinctive, for example be a simple statement like \u2018we lead the way\u2019
    • ", + "
  • look too similar to state symbols like flags or hallmarks, based on World Intellectual Property Organization guidelines
    • ", + "

    Series applications

    ", + "

    If you have similar versions of your trade mark, you can make a series application for up to 6 marks.

    ", + "

    All your marks should:

    ", + "
  • look the same
    • ", + "
  • sound the same
    • ", + "
  • mean the same
    • ", + "

    Any differences must be minor.

    ", + "

    Check if your trade mark is already registered

    ", + "

    Before you apply, you must search the trade marks database to check if anyone has already registered an identical or similar trade mark for the same or similar goods or services.

    ", + "

    You must also check the EU trade marks register on the European Union Intellectual Property Office website for any EU applications that were \u2018pending\u2019 on 1 January 2021. These applications have priority over yours.

    ", + "

    You can ask the holder of an existing trade mark for permission to register yours. They must give you a \u2018letter of consent\u2019 - you must send this letter with your application.

    ", + "

    You can use a trade mark attorney to help you with searches and registrations.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    This service will be unavailable from 6am to 4pm on Saturday 26 June.

    ", + "

    You cannot change your trade mark once you\u2019ve applied, and the fees are non-refundable.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get feedback on your application (called an \u2018examination report\u2019) within 12 weeks (60 working days).

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    You must check if your trade mark is already registered.

    ", + "

    Read the guide to new applications before you start if you\u2019ve not applied before.

    ", + "

    Apply to register a trademark

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • details of what you want to register, for example a word, illustration or slogan
    • ", + "
  • the trade mark classes you want to register in, for example food and drink services (class 43) or chemicals (class 1)
    • ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    You can use the \u2018Right Start\u2019 service if you want to check your application meets the rules for registration.

    ", + "

    You pay \u00a3100 initially, plus \u00a350 for each additional class. You\u2019ll then get a report telling you if your application meets the rules.

    ", + "

    If you want to continue, you must pay the full fee within 28 days of getting your report.

    ", + "

    You can also choose to continue your application even if it does not meet the rules for registration.

    ", + " | Fee | Each additional class", + "Standard application (online) | \u00a3170 | \u00a350", + "Right Start application (online) | \u00a3200 (\u00a3100 up front plus \u00a3100 if you go ahead with your registration) | \u00a350 (\u00a325 up front plus \u00a325 if you go ahead with your registration)", + "

    A series application for 3 or more marks costs an additional \u00a350 per mark.

    ", + "

    Other ways to apply

    ", + "

    Fill in the paper forms if you want to apply by post. It costs \u00a3200 for one class plus \u00a350 for each additional class.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get feedback on your application (an \u2018examination report\u2019) in up to 12 weeks (60 working days) - you have 2 months to resolve any problems.
    • ", + "
  • If the examiner has no objections your application will be published in the trade marks journal for 2 months, during which time anyone can oppose it.
    • ", + "
  • Your trade mark will be registered once any objections are resolved - you\u2019ll get a certificate to confirm this.
    • ", + "

    If your application is opposed

    ", + "

    The Intellectual Property Office will tell you if someone opposes your application.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • withdraw your application
    • ", + "
  • talk to the person making the opposition
    • ", + "
  • defend your application
    • ", + "

    You cannot register your trade mark until the matter is settled and may have to pay legal costs if you want to challenge the opposing party.

    ", + "

    Read guidance on your options following an opposition.

    ", + "

    Research previous trade mark decisions to help you with a dispute and prepare for a hearing.

    ", + "

    Once your trade mark is registered

    ", + "

    You must report any changes to your name, address or email address.

    ", + "

    You can object to other people\u2019s trade marks, for example if you think they are identical or similar to yours.

    ", + "

    You can sell, market, license and mortgage your trade mark.

    ", + "

    Your trade mark will last 10 years - you can renew it after that time.

    ", + "

    Unregistered trade marks

    ", + "

    You may be able to stop someone using a similar trade mark to yours on their goods and services (known as \u2018passing off\u2019), even if you have not registered it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to get legal advice from a trade mark attorney.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s harder to prove passing off than it is to defend a registered trade mark. To be successful you\u2019ll need to show that:

    ", + "
  • the mark is yours
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve built up goodwill associated with the mark
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been harmed in some way by the other person\u2019s use of the mark
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/defend-your-intellectual-property": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/defend-your-intellectual-property", + "title": "Defend your intellectual property", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to defend your intellectual property (IP) and to take action if someone\u2019s used it without permission (known as \u2018infringement\u2019).\n\nExamples of IP infringement include when someone:\n\n- uses, sells or imports your patented product or process\n\n- uses all or some of your work under copyright without your permission\n\n- makes, offers or sells your registered design for commercial gain\n\n- uses a trade mark that\u2019s identical or similar to one you\u2019ve registered\n\nYou can take the following steps.\n\n- Get the other party to stop using your IP or come to an agreement with them, for example license your IP.\n\n- Use mediation or another type of dispute resolution.\n\n- Take legal action if you can\u2019t resolve the dispute by other means.\n\nYou may want to get help from an IP professional, such as a solicitor. The Intellectual Property Office (IPO) can also help.\n\n## Report IP crime\n\nIt can be a criminal offence to copy or use copyright material and registered trade marks and designs without permission.\n\nReport suspected IP crime to Trading Standards by contacting Citizens Advice.\n\nYou can also report it anonymously through:\n\n- Crimestoppers\n\n- Action Fraud\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nAn intellectual property (IP) professional can give you legal advice on a dispute, or act on your behalf.\n\nFind an IP professional through organisations including:\n\n- The Chartered Institute of Patent Attorneys\n\n- The Chartered Institute of Trade Mark Attorneys\n\n- The Law Society (England and Wales)\n\n- The Law Society of Scotland\n\n- The Law Society of Northern Ireland\n\n## Contact the Intellectual Property Office (IPO)\n\nYou can contact IPO for:\n\n- an opinion on whether your patent or supplementary protection certificate is being infringed - it costs \u00a3200\n\n- to start legal proceedings over some types of IP dispute (this does not include copyright infringement)\n\n- general advice on IP\n\n## Come to an agreement\n\nIf someone is using your IP without your permission you can contact them and ask them to stop.\n\nYou can be sued for making unjustified threats. You may want to seek legal advice before contacting the other party.\n\n## Make a deal\n\nYou can offer to make a deal with the other party, which is usually cheaper and quicker than going to court.\n\nRead the guidance on how to license, sell, mortgage and market your:\n\n- copyright\n\n- patent\n\n- design\n\n- trade mark\n\nYou can also come to a coexistence agreement with someone who has a similar trade mark.\n\n## Use a mediator\n\nYou can use a mediator if you can\u2019t come to an agreement over an intellectual property (IP) dispute.\n\nMediation can be used in most IP disputes. This includes disputes about:\n\n- trade marks\n\n- copyright\n\n- designs\n\n- patents\n\nMediation is a way of resolving disputes without going to court. It\u2019s cheaper and quicker than taking legal action and the outcome is usually beneficial to all parties.\n\nMediators provide an independent view on a dispute. They can\u2019t make a decision for you, but they can help to find a solution that both parties accept.\n\nDiscussions with a mediator are confidential and can\u2019t be used in court later if the dispute isn\u2019t resolved.\n\n## IPO mediation service\n\nThe Intellectual Property Office (IPO) has its own mediation service.\n\nWhat you will pay for mediation depends on the type and length of mediation session.\n\nRead guidance on IPO\u2019s mediation service, including information on fees.\n\n## Other mediators you can use\n\nYou can also use the:\n\n- Civil Mediation Council (England and Wales)\n\n- Scottish Mediation Network\n\n- Northern Ireland Mediation\n\n## Take legal action\n\nYou can file legal proceedings either through the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) or through the courts.\n\nSome types of proceedings can only be filed through one or the other. For example, copyright infringement claims can only be filed through the courts.\n\nA court will expect you to have tried to resolve your dispute - possibly using mediation - before starting legal proceedings.\n\nYou can pay an Intellectual Property Professional to help you.\n\n## File through IPO\n\nContact IPO for more information on filing through them.\n\n## File through the courts in England and Wales\n\nThe court you go to depends on the nature, complexity and value of your claim.\n\n## Claims below \u00a310,000\n\nUse the Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) small claims track if your claim is for less than \u00a310,000 and for infringement of one of the following:\n\n- copyright\n\n- passing off\n\n- trade marks\n\n- breach of confidence\n\n- unregistered design rights\n\nYou don\u2019t need a lawyer to use the IPEC small claims track.\n\n## Claims up to \u00a3500,000\n\nYou can take a case for any IP right to the Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) if you do not wish to claim more than:\n\n- \u00a350,000 for legal costs\n\n- \u00a3500,000 for damages\n\n## If you\u2019re claiming more than \u00a3500,000 in damages\n\nUse the Chancery Division of the High Court of England and Wales - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.\n\n## File through the courts in Scotland\n\nUse the Court of Session if your claim is complex or valuable - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.\n\n## File through the courts in Northern Ireland\n\nYou can use the Chancery Division of the High Court of Northern Ireland if your claim is complex or valuable - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to defend your intellectual property (IP) and to take action if someone\u2019s used it without permission (known as \u2018infringement\u2019).

    ", + "

    Examples of IP infringement include when someone:

    ", + "
  • uses, sells or imports your patented product or process
    • ", + "
  • uses all or some of your work under copyright without your permission
    • ", + "
  • makes, offers or sells your registered design for commercial gain
    • ", + "
  • uses a trade mark that\u2019s identical or similar to one you\u2019ve registered
    • ", + "

    You can take the following steps.

    ", + "
  • Get the other party to stop using your IP or come to an agreement with them, for example license your IP.
    • ", + "
  • Use mediation or another type of dispute resolution.
    • ", + "
  • Take legal action if you can\u2019t resolve the dispute by other means.
    • ", + "

    You may want to get help from an IP professional, such as a solicitor. The Intellectual Property Office (IPO) can also help.

    ", + "

    Report IP crime

    ", + "

    It can be a criminal offence to copy or use copyright material and registered trade marks and designs without permission.

    ", + "

    Report suspected IP crime to Trading Standards by contacting Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    You can also report it anonymously through:

    ", + "
  • Crimestoppers
    • ", + "
  • Action Fraud
    • ", + "

    Get help and advice

    ", + "

    An intellectual property (IP) professional can give you legal advice on a dispute, or act on your behalf.

    ", + "

    Find an IP professional through organisations including:

    ", + "
  • The Chartered Institute of Patent Attorneys
    • ", + "
  • The Chartered Institute of Trade Mark Attorneys
    • ", + "
  • The Law Society (England and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • The Law Society of Scotland
    • ", + "
  • The Law Society of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Contact the Intellectual Property Office (IPO)

    ", + "

    You can contact IPO for:

    ", + "
  • an opinion on whether your patent or supplementary protection certificate is being infringed - it costs \u00a3200
    • ", + "
  • to start legal proceedings over some types of IP dispute (this does not include copyright infringement)
    • ", + "
  • general advice on IP
    • ", + "

    Come to an agreement

    ", + "

    If someone is using your IP without your permission you can contact them and ask them to stop.

    ", + "

    You can be sued for making unjustified threats. You may want to seek legal advice before contacting the other party.

    ", + "

    Make a deal

    ", + "

    You can offer to make a deal with the other party, which is usually cheaper and quicker than going to court.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on how to license, sell, mortgage and market your:

    ", + "
  • copyright
    • ", + "
  • patent
    • ", + "
  • design
    • ", + "
  • trade mark
    • ", + "

    You can also come to a coexistence agreement with someone who has a similar trade mark.

    ", + "

    Use a mediator

    ", + "

    You can use a mediator if you can\u2019t come to an agreement over an intellectual property (IP) dispute.

    ", + "

    Mediation can be used in most IP disputes. This includes disputes about:

    ", + "
  • trade marks
    • ", + "
  • copyright
    • ", + "
  • designs
    • ", + "
  • patents
    • ", + "

    Mediation is a way of resolving disputes without going to court. It\u2019s cheaper and quicker than taking legal action and the outcome is usually beneficial to all parties.

    ", + "

    Mediators provide an independent view on a dispute. They can\u2019t make a decision for you, but they can help to find a solution that both parties accept.

    ", + "

    Discussions with a mediator are confidential and can\u2019t be used in court later if the dispute isn\u2019t resolved.

    ", + "

    IPO mediation service

    ", + "

    The Intellectual Property Office (IPO) has its own mediation service.

    ", + "

    What you will pay for mediation depends on the type and length of mediation session.

    ", + "

    Read guidance on IPO\u2019s mediation service, including information on fees.

    ", + "

    Other mediators you can use

    ", + "

    You can also use the:

    ", + "
  • Civil Mediation Council (England and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Mediation Network
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland Mediation
    • ", + "

    Take legal action

    ", + "

    You can file legal proceedings either through the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) or through the courts.

    ", + "

    Some types of proceedings can only be filed through one or the other. For example, copyright infringement claims can only be filed through the courts.

    ", + "

    A court will expect you to have tried to resolve your dispute - possibly using mediation - before starting legal proceedings.

    ", + "

    You can pay an Intellectual Property Professional to help you.

    ", + "

    File through IPO

    ", + "

    Contact IPO for more information on filing through them.

    ", + "

    File through the courts in England and Wales

    ", + "

    The court you go to depends on the nature, complexity and value of your claim.

    ", + "

    Claims below \u00a310,000

    ", + "

    Use the Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) small claims track if your claim is for less than \u00a310,000 and for infringement of one of the following:

    ", + "
  • copyright
    • ", + "
  • passing off
    • ", + "
  • trade marks
    • ", + "
  • breach of confidence
    • ", + "
  • unregistered design rights
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a lawyer to use the IPEC small claims track.

    ", + "

    Claims up to \u00a3500,000

    ", + "

    You can take a case for any IP right to the Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) if you do not wish to claim more than:

    ", + "
  • \u00a350,000 for legal costs
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3500,000 for damages
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming more than \u00a3500,000 in damages

    ", + "

    Use the Chancery Division of the High Court of England and Wales - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.

    ", + "

    File through the courts in Scotland

    ", + "

    Use the Court of Session if your claim is complex or valuable - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.

    ", + "

    File through the courts in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You can use the Chancery Division of the High Court of Northern Ireland if your claim is complex or valuable - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/get-copies-of-intellectual-property-documents": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-copies-of-intellectual-property-documents", + "title": "Get copies of patent, trade mark or design registration documents", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can get copies of documents if you need to prove who owns or has applied for a UK patent, trade mark or design registration.\n\nThere are 2 types of copy \u2013 certified and uncertified.\n\n## Certified copy\n\nThis is an official document, also called a Certificate of the Registrar.\n\nYou need a certified copy to:\n\n- register a piece of intellectual property (IP) outside the UK\n\n- prove legal ownership of intellectual property, such as in a court case\n\n## Uncertified copy\n\nAn uncertified copy is a photocopy or digital copy of the details on the register. You can use this for research or personal use.\n\n## Request patent documents\n\nUse patents form 23 to apply for either a certified or uncertified copy of a patent.\n\nYou must send a separate form for each certified copy you need, but you can make multiple requests on one form.\n\nFill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.\n\nYou can request uncertified copies of patent documents online.\n\n## How much they cost\n\nCertified copies cost \u00a320 each.\n\nUncertified copies cost \u00a35.\n\nUncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.\n\n## Request trade marks documents\n\nUse form TM31R to get a certified copy of a trade mark.\n\nCertified copies cost \u00a320 each.\n\nFill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.\n\n## Uncertified copies\n\nSend an email to Intellectual Property Office (IPO) sales including:\n\n- the trade mark number\n\n- your telephone number\n\n- the address you want the photocopy sent to\n\nUncertified copies usually cost \u00a35 - large documents may cost more.\n\nUncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.\n\nAfter you email, you\u2019ll get a quote and instructions on how you pay.\n\n## Request design registration documents\n\nUse form DF23 to request a certified copy of a design registration or application.\n\nYou should use one form for each certified copy you\u2019re requesting.\n\nCertified copies cost \u00a330 each.\n\nFill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.\n\n## Uncertified copies\n\nSend an email to Intellectual Property Office (IPO) sales including:\n\n- the design number\n\n- your telephone number\n\n- the address you want the photocopy sent to\n\nUncertified copies usually cost \u00a35 - large documents may cost more.\n\nUncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.\n\nAfter you email, you\u2019ll get a quote and instructions on how you pay.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can get copies of documents if you need to prove who owns or has applied for a UK patent, trade mark or design registration.

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of copy \u2013 certified and uncertified.

    ", + "

    Certified copy

    ", + "

    This is an official document, also called a Certificate of the Registrar.

    ", + "

    You need a certified copy to:

    ", + "
  • register a piece of intellectual property (IP) outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • prove legal ownership of intellectual property, such as in a court case
    • ", + "

    Uncertified copy

    ", + "

    An uncertified copy is a photocopy or digital copy of the details on the register. You can use this for research or personal use.

    ", + "

    Request patent documents

    ", + "

    Use patents form 23 to apply for either a certified or uncertified copy of a patent.

    ", + "

    You must send a separate form for each certified copy you need, but you can make multiple requests on one form.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    You can request uncertified copies of patent documents online.

    ", + "

    How much they cost

    ", + "

    Certified copies cost \u00a320 each.

    ", + "

    Uncertified copies cost \u00a35.

    ", + "

    Uncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.

    ", + "

    Request trade marks documents

    ", + "

    Use form TM31R to get a certified copy of a trade mark.

    ", + "

    Certified copies cost \u00a320 each.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Uncertified copies

    ", + "

    Send an email to Intellectual Property Office (IPO) sales including:

    ", + "
  • the trade mark number
    • ", + "
  • your telephone number
    • ", + "
  • the address you want the photocopy sent to
    • ", + "

    Uncertified copies usually cost \u00a35 - large documents may cost more.

    ", + "

    Uncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.

    ", + "

    After you email, you\u2019ll get a quote and instructions on how you pay.

    ", + "

    Request design registration documents

    ", + "

    Use form DF23 to request a certified copy of a design registration or application.

    ", + "

    You should use one form for each certified copy you\u2019re requesting.

    ", + "

    Certified copies cost \u00a330 each.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Uncertified copies

    ", + "

    Send an email to Intellectual Property Office (IPO) sales including:

    ", + "
  • the design number
    • ", + "
  • your telephone number
    • ", + "
  • the address you want the photocopy sent to
    • ", + "

    Uncertified copies usually cost \u00a35 - large documents may cost more.

    ", + "

    Uncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.

    ", + "

    After you email, you\u2019ll get a quote and instructions on how you pay.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/copyright": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/copyright", + "title": "How copyright protects your work", + "content": "## Overview\n\nCopyright protects your work and stops others from using it without your permission.\n\nYou get copyright protection automatically - you don\u2019t have to apply or pay a fee. There isn\u2019t a register of copyright works in the UK.\n\nYou automatically get copyright protection when you create:\n\n- original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic work, including illustration and photography\n\n- original non-literary written work, such as software, web content and databases\n\n- sound and music recordings\n\n- film and television recordings\n\n- broadcasts\n\n- the layout of published editions of written, dramatic and musical works\n\nYou can mark your work with the copyright symbol (\u00a9), your name and the year of creation. Whether you mark the work or not doesn\u2019t affect the level of protection you have.\n\n## How copyright protects your work\n\nCopyright prevents people from:\n\n- copying your work\n\n- distributing copies of it, whether free of charge or for sale\n\n- renting or lending copies of your work\n\n- performing, showing or playing your work in public\n\n- making an adaptation of your work\n\n- putting it on the internet\n\n## Copyright overseas\n\nYour work could be protected by copyright in other countries through international agreements, for example the Berne Convention.\n\nIn most countries copyright lasts a minimum of life plus 50 years for most types of written, dramatic and artistic works, and at least 25 years for photographs. It can be different for other types of work.\n\nContact the IPO Information Centre if you have a question about international copyright.\n\n## How long copyright lasts\n\nCopyright protection starts as soon as a work is created. Once your copyright has expired, anyone can use or copy your work.\n\nThe length of copyright depends on the type of work.\n\n| Type of work | How long copyright usually lasts |\n\n| Written, dramatic, musical and artistic work | 70 years after the author\u2019s death |\n\n| Sound and music recording | 70 years from when it\u2019s first published |\n\n| Films | 70 years after the death of the director, screenplay author and composer |\n\n| Broadcasts | 50 years from when it\u2019s first broadcast |\n\n| Layout of published editions of written, dramatic or musical works | 25 years from when it\u2019s first published |\n\nThe length of copyright also depends on how long ago the work was created.\n\nYou can read more guidance about how long copyright lasts.\n\nContact the IPO Information Centre if you have questions about the copyright of an older work.\n\n## License and sell your copyright\n\nYou can license the use of your work if you own the copyright. You can also decide how your work is used.\n\nYou can register your work with a licensing body, for example a collecting society, who will agree licences with users for you and collect royalties for you.\n\n## Sell or transfer your copyright\n\nYou\u2019ll need to write and sign a document (sometimes called an \u2018assignment\u2019) to show a sale or transfer has taken place.\n\nYour copyright can be transferred by inheritance and will be valid as long as the work remains in copyright - check how long protection lasts.\n\n## Moral rights\n\nYou can keep or waive your \u2018moral rights\u2019, which include the right to:\n\n- be identified as the author of your work\n\n- object to how the work is presented, for example if you think it\u2019s \u2018derogatory\u2019 or damaging to you or your reputation\n\n- object to changes made to your work\n\n## Performers\u2019 rights\n\nYou have rights in your performances separate to copyright if you\u2019re a performer.\n\nFor example, if you\u2019re an actor in a play you may have \u2018economic rights\u2019 in any recordings or broadcasts of their performance, even if the copyright is sold.\n\n## Stop people using your work\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for defending your copyright material against infringement.\n\nSome people or organisations (such as libraries or schools) may be able to use copyright work without permission. You should check whether someone\u2019s use of your work is permitted before trying to stop them.\n\n## If you think someone is using your work and they don\u2019t know you own the rights\n\nPeople or organisations must apply for a licence if they want to use a work that\u2019s covered by copyright but don\u2019t know who the rights holder is.\n\nCheck the licences register to see if anyone has licensed your work or is in the process of applying for a licence. If your work is on the register you can:\n\n- apply to have an application stopped\n\n- claim the licence fee that\u2019s been paid (if a licence has already been issued)\n\n## If you have a dispute about licensing\n\nYour collecting society can contact the Copyright Tribunal and ask them to decide on some disputes about licensing.\n\nThey can also contact them by post.\n\n## Help with copyright law\n\nThe IPO Information Centre offers general advice on copyright law.\n\nYou can get advice on particular legal issues from an intellectual property (IP) professional.\n\n## If you\u2019d like more guidance about an area of copyright law\n\nYou can also ask IPO to publish guidance about an area of copyright law.\n\nThey might publish a public \u2018copyright notice\u2019 if your question highlights a gap in the general copyright guidance.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Copyright protects your work and stops others from using it without your permission.

    ", + "

    You get copyright protection automatically - you don\u2019t have to apply or pay a fee. There isn\u2019t a register of copyright works in the UK.

    ", + "

    You automatically get copyright protection when you create:

    ", + "
  • original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic work, including illustration and photography
    • ", + "
  • original non-literary written work, such as software, web content and databases
    • ", + "
  • sound and music recordings
    • ", + "
  • film and television recordings
    • ", + "
  • broadcasts
    • ", + "
  • the layout of published editions of written, dramatic and musical works
    • ", + "

    You can mark your work with the copyright symbol (\u00a9), your name and the year of creation. Whether you mark the work or not doesn\u2019t affect the level of protection you have.

    ", + "

    How copyright protects your work

    ", + "

    Copyright prevents people from:

    ", + "
  • copying your work
    • ", + "
  • distributing copies of it, whether free of charge or for sale
    • ", + "
  • renting or lending copies of your work
    • ", + "
  • performing, showing or playing your work in public
    • ", + "
  • making an adaptation of your work
    • ", + "
  • putting it on the internet
    • ", + "

    Copyright overseas

    ", + "

    Your work could be protected by copyright in other countries through international agreements, for example the Berne Convention.

    ", + "

    In most countries copyright lasts a minimum of life plus 50 years for most types of written, dramatic and artistic works, and at least 25 years for photographs. It can be different for other types of work.

    ", + "

    Contact the IPO Information Centre if you have a question about international copyright.

    ", + "

    How long copyright lasts

    ", + "

    Copyright protection starts as soon as a work is created. Once your copyright has expired, anyone can use or copy your work.

    ", + "

    The length of copyright depends on the type of work.

    ", + "Type of work | How long copyright usually lasts", + "Written, dramatic, musical and artistic work | 70 years after the author\u2019s death", + "Sound and music recording | 70 years from when it\u2019s first published", + "Films | 70 years after the death of the director, screenplay author and composer", + "Broadcasts | 50 years from when it\u2019s first broadcast", + "Layout of published editions of written, dramatic or musical works | 25 years from when it\u2019s first published", + "

    The length of copyright also depends on how long ago the work was created.

    ", + "

    You can read more guidance about how long copyright lasts.

    ", + "

    Contact the IPO Information Centre if you have questions about the copyright of an older work.

    ", + "

    License and sell your copyright

    ", + "

    You can license the use of your work if you own the copyright. You can also decide how your work is used.

    ", + "

    You can register your work with a licensing body, for example a collecting society, who will agree licences with users for you and collect royalties for you.

    ", + "

    Sell or transfer your copyright

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to write and sign a document (sometimes called an \u2018assignment\u2019) to show a sale or transfer has taken place.

    ", + "

    Your copyright can be transferred by inheritance and will be valid as long as the work remains in copyright - check how long protection lasts.

    ", + "

    Moral rights

    ", + "

    You can keep or waive your \u2018moral rights\u2019, which include the right to:

    ", + "
  • be identified as the author of your work
    • ", + "
  • object to how the work is presented, for example if you think it\u2019s \u2018derogatory\u2019 or damaging to you or your reputation
    • ", + "
  • object to changes made to your work
    • ", + "

    Performers\u2019 rights

    ", + "

    You have rights in your performances separate to copyright if you\u2019re a performer.

    ", + "

    For example, if you\u2019re an actor in a play you may have \u2018economic rights\u2019 in any recordings or broadcasts of their performance, even if the copyright is sold.

    ", + "

    Stop people using your work

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for defending your copyright material against infringement.

    ", + "

    Some people or organisations (such as libraries or schools) may be able to use copyright work without permission. You should check whether someone\u2019s use of your work is permitted before trying to stop them.

    ", + "

    If you think someone is using your work and they don\u2019t know you own the rights

    ", + "

    People or organisations must apply for a licence if they want to use a work that\u2019s covered by copyright but don\u2019t know who the rights holder is.

    ", + "

    Check the licences register to see if anyone has licensed your work or is in the process of applying for a licence. If your work is on the register you can:

    ", + "
  • apply to have an application stopped
    • ", + "
  • claim the licence fee that\u2019s been paid (if a licence has already been issued)
    • ", + "

    If you have a dispute about licensing

    ", + "

    Your collecting society can contact the Copyright Tribunal and ask them to decide on some disputes about licensing.

    ", + "

    They can also contact them by post.

    ", + "

    Help with copyright law

    ", + "

    The IPO Information Centre offers general advice on copyright law.

    ", + "

    You can get advice on particular legal issues from an intellectual property (IP) professional.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019d like more guidance about an area of copyright law

    ", + "

    You can also ask IPO to publish guidance about an area of copyright law.

    ", + "

    They might publish a public \u2018copyright notice\u2019 if your question highlights a gap in the general copyright guidance.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/patent-your-invention": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/patent-your-invention", + "title": "Patenting your invention", + "content": "## What you can patent\n\nYou can use a patent to protect your invention. It gives you the right to take legal action against anyone who makes, uses, sells or imports it without your permission.\n\nTo be granted a patent, your invention must be all of the following:\n\n- something that can be made or used\n\n- new\n\n- inventive - not just a simple modification to something that already exists\n\nPatents are expensive and difficult to get. Before you apply, check if a patent is right for your business.\n\n## What you cannot patent\n\nYou cannot patent certain types of invention, including:\n\n- literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works\n\n- a way of doing business, playing a game or thinking\n\n- a method of medical treatment or diagnosis\n\n- a discovery, scientific theory or mathematical method\n\n- the way information is presented\n\n- some computer programs or mobile apps\n\n- \u2018essentially biological\u2019 processes like crossing-breeding plants, and plant or animal varieties\n\n## Before you apply\n\nPatents are the most difficult form of protection to get. Check if a patent is right for your business before you apply for one.\n\nYou should only apply for a patent if:\n\n- your invention is new - check for similar ones by searching published patents, the internet and trade publications\n\n- you have the time and money for the application process\n\nThe application process is:\n\n- complicated - only 1 in 20 applicants get a patent without professional help\n\n- expensive - with professional help, applications typically cost \u00a34,000\n\n- long - it usually takes 5 years\n\nIf you get a patent, you\u2019ll also have to pay to renew it each year and the costs of legal action if you need to defend it.\n\n## Other ways to protect your intellectual property\n\nOther types of protection might be more appropriate for your business. For example, you can use:\n\n- trade marks - if you can create a brand and be first to market\n\n- design rights - if how your product looks (rather than how it works) is important and innovative\n\n- non-disclosure agreements to keep it secret before launch - this can provide enough protection if your product is likely to sell for only a short time\n\n## Getting help\n\nYou can get a professional to help you decide whether a patent is right for your business.\n\nYou may be able to get free advice by:\n\n- speaking to a patent attorney or other professional advisor - many offer basic advice for free\n\n- attending an intellectual property (IP) clinic\n\n- going to the British Library Business and IP Centre in London\n\nThis advice will be confidential.\n\nDo not talk to other people without a non-disclosure agreement, or you may not be able to patent your invention. You can get help with this from a patent attorney or solicitor.\n\n## If you decide to apply\n\nWhen you\u2019ve checked that a patent is right for your business, you should find a patent attorney or advisor. They will:\n\n- help you prepare your application correctly - you cannot add in additional information later\n\n- give you the best chance of being granted a patent\n\n- try to make your patent as commercially valuable as possible\n\nYou may be approached by companies offering to promote your invention for a fee. Get independent legal or financial advice before you agree to anything.\n\n## Applying for a patent\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process. Applications typically cost \u00a34,000 and the process usually takes 5 years. There are 8 steps if you apply for patent protection in the UK through the Intellectual Property Office (IPO).\n\n- Search for similar patents to make sure your invention is new.\n\n- Prepare your patent application.\n\n- File your patent application and request a search from IPO.\n\n- Receive your search report (usually within 6 months) and decide whether you want to continue with your application.\n\n- Your application will be published 18 months after you file it.\n\n- Ask for a \u2018substantive examination\u2019 within 6 months of publication.\n\n- Respond to comments from IPO\u2019s \u2018substantive examination\u2019. The examination may take place several years after you file your application.\n\n- Your application will be granted or refused.\n\nYou can commercially benefit from your patent once it has been granted, for example license, sell or mortgage your patent.\n\nDo not make your invention public before you apply. You may not be able to patent it if you do.\n\n## Other ways to get a UK patent\n\nYou can also file a UK patent application through the:\n\n- European Patent Office (EPO)\n\n- World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)\n\n## Prepare your application\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nA patent application is made up of 4 parts that need to meet specific criteria.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- a description of your invention that allows others to see how it works and how it could be made\n\n- legal statements that set out the technical features of your invention that are to be protected (known as \u2018claims\u2019)\n\n- a summary of all the important technical aspects of your invention (known as the \u2018abstract\u2019)\n\nYou should also include any drawings you need to illustrate your description.\n\nThe fees are higher if your description has more than 35 pages or you include more than 25 claims.\n\nRead the patent application fact sheets for instructions on how to produce each part of your application.\n\nYou have to submit your description and any drawings with your application form.\n\nYou can file your claims and abstract once your patent is pending, but it\u2019s best if you submit all the parts together.\n\n## Academic papers\n\nYou can send academic papers as part of your patent application, to help describe your invention.\n\nYou still need to send a description, drawings and claims.\n\n## \u2018Statement of inventorship\u2019\n\nYou need to complete a statement of inventorship if:\n\n- you\u2019re not the inventor\n\n- there\u2019s more than one inventor and they\u2019re not listed as applicants\n\n- you\u2019re applying on behalf of a company\n\nThe statement provides the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) with more information about who the inventor is and why you have the right to apply for the patent.\n\nSubmit your \u2018statement of inventorship\u2019 online when you apply for a patent, or do it later by filing documents for a pending UK patent.\n\nAlternatively, download the \u2018statement of inventorship\u2019 form and send it with your application.\n\n## Apply for a patent\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nYou can file a UK patent application with the Intellectual Property Office (IPO). Read the patent application fact sheets for instructions on how to produce each part of your application.\n\nYou can apply either:\n\n- online\n\n- by post\n\nYou can request and pay for your search and examination at this point or later in the process.\n\n## Fees\n\n| Stage | Apply online | Apply by post |\n\n| Application (if you pay when you apply) | \u00a360 | \u00a390 |\n\n| Application (if you pay later) | \u00a375 | \u00a3112.50 |\n\n| Search | \u00a3150 (plus \u00a320 for each claim over 25 claims) | \u00a3180 (plus \u00a320 for each claim over 25 claims) |\n\n| Substantive examination | \u00a3100 (plus \u00a310 for each page of description over 35 pages) | \u00a3130 (plus \u00a310 for each page of description over 35 pages) |\n\nIf you get a patent, you\u2019ll also have to pay to renew it to keep it in force.\n\n## Get your patent granted more quickly\n\nYou can get your application processed more quickly if you file your search and examination requests at the same time as you apply.\n\nThis costs the same as applying separately and means they\u2019ll be processed at the same time.\n\nYou may also be able to get a \u2018fast grant\u2019 if, for example:\n\n- your invention has some sort of environmental benefit (green channel)\n\n- you\u2019ve already submitted a patent application for your invention at another patent office (Patent Prosecution Highway)\n\nRead the patents fast grant guidance.\n\n## Request your search and examination\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nAs part of the application process, you must pay for a patent search and a \u2018substantive examination\u2019.\n\nYou can request the search either when you apply or later in the process.\n\nYou must request your search within 12 months of your filing or priority date.\n\nYou must request your examination within 6 months of publication.\n\n## Patent search\n\nThe Intellectual Property Office (IPO) carries out a search to check whether your invention is new and inventive.\n\nYou have to request and pay for your search within 12 months of your filing date or priority date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the results and told if any part of your application is not right.\n\nRead the search report factsheet.\n\nSearch reports can take up to 6 months.\n\n## Publication\n\nYour application will be published 18 months from your filing or priority date, provided it\u2019s complete and passes the search.\n\nThe open part of your application, which includes your address, will be publicly available in the:\n\n- online patents journal on the IPO website\n\n- IPO records\n\n## \u2018Substantive examination\u2019\n\nThe examination checks whether your invention is new and inventive enough. It also checks that your description and claims match and are good enough to patent.\n\nThe examination will show if your application meets the legal requirements. You\u2019ll be told what you need to do if it does not.\n\nYou must request an examination of your patent application within 6 months of publication.\n\nExaminations can take place several years after you file your application.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply online or by post for both the search and examination.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can request your search and examination either:\n\n- with your initial application\n\n- later in the process\n\nYou must request your search within 12 months of your filing or priority date and examination within 6 months of publication.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nDownload the forms:\n\n- search request form\n\n- examination request form\n\nFill in and post the forms. The address is on the forms.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a receipt with your application number and filing date (the date your application is received).\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what to do next and when.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve applied you can mark your invention as \u2018patent pending\u2019 or \u2018patent applied for\u2019. You can either add the patent number and say that you applied for it in the UK, or use a web address instead if the patent number is online.\n\nIf you use a web address, make sure the patent number and the product it relates to are clearly displayed on your website.\n\nIf your patent is granted:\n\n- your application will be published in its final form\n\n- you\u2019ll be sent a certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be responsible for renewing and defending your patent.\n\n## File more documents once your patent is pending\n\nYou may need to file more forms and documents once you have a patent pending (for example a form to request a search, or a document with your claims).\n\nYou must send your claims, abstract, application fee and search fee within 12 months of your filing date.\n\n## If your application includes a \u2018priority date\u2019 from an earlier application\n\nYou must send your claims, abstract, application fee and search fee within whichever of the following is later:\n\n- 12 months of the date when you filed your previous application (the priority date)\n\n- 2 months of your current filing date\n\n## Withdraw your application\n\nYou can withdraw your application for any reason, for example to stop it becoming public.\n\nTo stop your invention entering the public domain you must withdraw your application before it\u2019s published.\n\nYou can ask for a withdrawal up to the day before the deadline given in your search report.\n\n## Withdraw by email\n\nEmail withdraw@ipo.gov.uk with your patent application number in the subject line.\n\nClearly state that you want to withdraw in the body of the email.\n\nState why you have the authority to withdraw the application, for example that you\u2019re the applicant or their agent.\n\n## Withdraw by post\n\nYou can also withdraw by post - mark your request as urgent if there\u2019s less than 3 weeks until publication.\n\n## Make a new application with a priority date\n\nYou can withdraw your application and reapply if you want to change it for any reason, for example if you\u2019ve developed your invention since you first applied or have new information.\n\nYou can use the filing date of your earlier application (known as the priority date) if your new application is made within 12 months.\n\n## Terminated applications\n\nYour application will be terminated if you do not submit the right documents, forms and payment when asked to.\n\nYou may be able to reopen your application if you apply within 12 months of termination.\n\nYou need to be able to show:\n\n- why you failed to meet the requirements\n\n- that the failure was not intentional\n\n- when you became able to meet the requirements\n\nIt costs \u00a3150 to apply - this is not refundable.\n\n## Reopen your application\n\nDownload the reinstatement request form.\n\nSend the form, your fee and any supporting evidence to IPO.\n\nIf your request is granted, you must meet the requirements within 2 months.\n\nYou can ask for an ex parte hearing if you\u2019re turned down, where you can put your case to a senior official.\n\n## International patents\n\nA patent only protects your invention in the country where the patent is registered.\n\nFor protection overseas, you can:\n\n- file a single application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) for protection in more than 140 countries\n\n- file a single application with the European Patent Office (EPO) for protection in more than 30 countries in Europe\n\n- apply separately to the patent office of each country where you want a patent\n\nRead the guidance on filing a patent abroad for basic information on filing for international protection.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What you can patent

    ", + "

    You can use a patent to protect your invention. It gives you the right to take legal action against anyone who makes, uses, sells or imports it without your permission.

    ", + "

    To be granted a patent, your invention must be all of the following:

    ", + "
  • something that can be made or used
    • ", + "
  • new
    • ", + "
  • inventive - not just a simple modification to something that already exists
    • ", + "

    Patents are expensive and difficult to get. Before you apply, check if a patent is right for your business.

    ", + "

    What you cannot patent

    ", + "

    You cannot patent certain types of invention, including:

    ", + "
  • literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works
    • ", + "
  • a way of doing business, playing a game or thinking
    • ", + "
  • a method of medical treatment or diagnosis
    • ", + "
  • a discovery, scientific theory or mathematical method
    • ", + "
  • the way information is presented
    • ", + "
  • some computer programs or mobile apps
    • ", + "
  • \u2018essentially biological\u2019 processes like crossing-breeding plants, and plant or animal varieties
    • ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    Patents are the most difficult form of protection to get. Check if a patent is right for your business before you apply for one.

    ", + "

    You should only apply for a patent if:

    ", + "
  • your invention is new - check for similar ones by searching published patents, the internet and trade publications
    • ", + "
  • you have the time and money for the application process
    • ", + "

    The application process is:

    ", + "
  • complicated - only 1 in 20 applicants get a patent without professional help
    • ", + "
  • expensive - with professional help, applications typically cost \u00a34,000
    • ", + "
  • long - it usually takes 5 years
    • ", + "

    If you get a patent, you\u2019ll also have to pay to renew it each year and the costs of legal action if you need to defend it.

    ", + "

    Other ways to protect your intellectual property

    ", + "

    Other types of protection might be more appropriate for your business. For example, you can use:

    ", + "
  • trade marks - if you can create a brand and be first to market
    • ", + "
  • design rights - if how your product looks (rather than how it works) is important and innovative
    • ", + "
  • non-disclosure agreements to keep it secret before launch - this can provide enough protection if your product is likely to sell for only a short time
    • ", + "

    Getting help

    ", + "

    You can get a professional to help you decide whether a patent is right for your business.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get free advice by:

    ", + "
  • speaking to a patent attorney or other professional advisor - many offer basic advice for free
    • ", + "
  • attending an intellectual property (IP) clinic
    • ", + "
  • going to the British Library Business and IP Centre in London
    • ", + "

    This advice will be confidential.

    ", + "

    Do not talk to other people without a non-disclosure agreement, or you may not be able to patent your invention. You can get help with this from a patent attorney or solicitor.

    ", + "

    If you decide to apply

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve checked that a patent is right for your business, you should find a patent attorney or advisor. They will:

    ", + "
  • help you prepare your application correctly - you cannot add in additional information later
    • ", + "
  • give you the best chance of being granted a patent
    • ", + "
  • try to make your patent as commercially valuable as possible
    • ", + "

    You may be approached by companies offering to promote your invention for a fee. Get independent legal or financial advice before you agree to anything.

    ", + "

    Applying for a patent

    ", + "

    If you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process. Applications typically cost \u00a34,000 and the process usually takes 5 years. There are 8 steps if you apply for patent protection in the UK through the Intellectual Property Office (IPO).

    ", + "
  • Search for similar patents to make sure your invention is new.
    • ", + "
  • Prepare your patent application.
    • ", + "
  • File your patent application and request a search from IPO.
    • ", + "
  • Receive your search report (usually within 6 months) and decide whether you want to continue with your application.
    • ", + "
  • Your application will be published 18 months after you file it.
    • ", + "
  • Ask for a \u2018substantive examination\u2019 within 6 months of publication.
    • ", + "
  • Respond to comments from IPO\u2019s \u2018substantive examination\u2019. The examination may take place several years after you file your application.
    • ", + "
  • Your application will be granted or refused.
    • ", + "

    You can commercially benefit from your patent once it has been granted, for example license, sell or mortgage your patent.

    ", + "

    Do not make your invention public before you apply. You may not be able to patent it if you do.

    ", + "

    Other ways to get a UK patent

    ", + "

    You can also file a UK patent application through the:

    ", + "
  • European Patent Office (EPO)
    • ", + "
  • World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
    • ", + "

    Prepare your application

    ", + "

    If you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.

    ", + "

    A patent application is made up of 4 parts that need to meet specific criteria.

    ", + "

    You must include:

    ", + "
  • a description of your invention that allows others to see how it works and how it could be made
    • ", + "
  • legal statements that set out the technical features of your invention that are to be protected (known as \u2018claims\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a summary of all the important technical aspects of your invention (known as the \u2018abstract\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You should also include any drawings you need to illustrate your description.

    ", + "

    The fees are higher if your description has more than 35 pages or you include more than 25 claims.

    ", + "

    Read the patent application fact sheets for instructions on how to produce each part of your application.

    ", + "

    You have to submit your description and any drawings with your application form.

    ", + "

    You can file your claims and abstract once your patent is pending, but it\u2019s best if you submit all the parts together.

    ", + "

    Academic papers

    ", + "

    You can send academic papers as part of your patent application, to help describe your invention.

    ", + "

    You still need to send a description, drawings and claims.

    ", + "

    \u2018Statement of inventorship\u2019

    ", + "

    You need to complete a statement of inventorship if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re not the inventor
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s more than one inventor and they\u2019re not listed as applicants
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying on behalf of a company
    • ", + "

    The statement provides the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) with more information about who the inventor is and why you have the right to apply for the patent.

    ", + "

    Submit your \u2018statement of inventorship\u2019 online when you apply for a patent, or do it later by filing documents for a pending UK patent.

    ", + "

    Alternatively, download the \u2018statement of inventorship\u2019 form and send it with your application.

    ", + "

    Apply for a patent

    ", + "

    If you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.

    ", + "

    You can file a UK patent application with the Intellectual Property Office (IPO). Read the patent application fact sheets for instructions on how to produce each part of your application.

    ", + "

    You can apply either:

    ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "
  • by post
    • ", + "

    You can request and pay for your search and examination at this point or later in the process.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "Stage | Apply online | Apply by post", + "Application (if you pay when you apply) | \u00a360 | \u00a390", + "Application (if you pay later) | \u00a375 | \u00a3112.50", + "Search | \u00a3150 (plus \u00a320 for each claim over 25 claims) | \u00a3180 (plus \u00a320 for each claim over 25 claims)", + "Substantive examination | \u00a3100 (plus \u00a310 for each page of description over 35 pages) | \u00a3130 (plus \u00a310 for each page of description over 35 pages)", + "

    If you get a patent, you\u2019ll also have to pay to renew it to keep it in force.

    ", + "

    Get your patent granted more quickly

    ", + "

    You can get your application processed more quickly if you file your search and examination requests at the same time as you apply.

    ", + "

    This costs the same as applying separately and means they\u2019ll be processed at the same time.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get a \u2018fast grant\u2019 if, for example:

    ", + "
  • your invention has some sort of environmental benefit (green channel)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve already submitted a patent application for your invention at another patent office (Patent Prosecution Highway)
    • ", + "

    Read the patents fast grant guidance.

    ", + "

    Request your search and examination

    ", + "

    If you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.

    ", + "

    As part of the application process, you must pay for a patent search and a \u2018substantive examination\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can request the search either when you apply or later in the process.

    ", + "

    You must request your search within 12 months of your filing or priority date.

    ", + "

    You must request your examination within 6 months of publication.

    ", + "

    Patent search

    ", + "

    The Intellectual Property Office (IPO) carries out a search to check whether your invention is new and inventive.

    ", + "

    You have to request and pay for your search within 12 months of your filing date or priority date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent the results and told if any part of your application is not right.

    ", + "

    Read the search report factsheet.

    ", + "

    Search reports can take up to 6 months.

    ", + "

    Publication

    ", + "

    Your application will be published 18 months from your filing or priority date, provided it\u2019s complete and passes the search.

    ", + "

    The open part of your application, which includes your address, will be publicly available in the:

    ", + "
  • online patents journal on the IPO website
    • ", + "
  • IPO records
    • ", + "

    \u2018Substantive examination\u2019

    ", + "

    The examination checks whether your invention is new and inventive enough. It also checks that your description and claims match and are good enough to patent.

    ", + "

    The examination will show if your application meets the legal requirements. You\u2019ll be told what you need to do if it does not.

    ", + "

    You must request an examination of your patent application within 6 months of publication.

    ", + "

    Examinations can take place several years after you file your application.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply online or by post for both the search and examination.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can request your search and examination either:

    ", + "
  • with your initial application
    • ", + "
  • later in the process
    • ", + "

    You must request your search within 12 months of your filing or priority date and examination within 6 months of publication.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    Download the forms:

    ", + "
  • search request form
    • ", + "
  • examination request form
    • ", + "

    Fill in and post the forms. The address is on the forms.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a receipt with your application number and filing date (the date your application is received).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what to do next and when.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied you can mark your invention as \u2018patent pending\u2019 or \u2018patent applied for\u2019. You can either add the patent number and say that you applied for it in the UK, or use a web address instead if the patent number is online.

    ", + "

    If you use a web address, make sure the patent number and the product it relates to are clearly displayed on your website.

    ", + "

    If your patent is granted:

    ", + "
  • your application will be published in its final form
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be sent a certificate
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be responsible for renewing and defending your patent.

    ", + "

    File more documents once your patent is pending

    ", + "

    You may need to file more forms and documents once you have a patent pending (for example a form to request a search, or a document with your claims).

    ", + "

    You must send your claims, abstract, application fee and search fee within 12 months of your filing date.

    ", + "

    If your application includes a \u2018priority date\u2019 from an earlier application

    ", + "

    You must send your claims, abstract, application fee and search fee within whichever of the following is later:

    ", + "
  • 12 months of the date when you filed your previous application (the priority date)
    • ", + "
  • 2 months of your current filing date
    • ", + "

    Withdraw your application

    ", + "

    You can withdraw your application for any reason, for example to stop it becoming public.

    ", + "

    To stop your invention entering the public domain you must withdraw your application before it\u2019s published.

    ", + "

    You can ask for a withdrawal up to the day before the deadline given in your search report.

    ", + "

    Withdraw by email

    ", + "

    Email withdraw@ipo.gov.uk with your patent application number in the subject line.

    ", + "

    Clearly state that you want to withdraw in the body of the email.

    ", + "

    State why you have the authority to withdraw the application, for example that you\u2019re the applicant or their agent.

    ", + "

    Withdraw by post

    ", + "

    You can also withdraw by post - mark your request as urgent if there\u2019s less than 3 weeks until publication.

    ", + "

    Make a new application with a priority date

    ", + "

    You can withdraw your application and reapply if you want to change it for any reason, for example if you\u2019ve developed your invention since you first applied or have new information.

    ", + "

    You can use the filing date of your earlier application (known as the priority date) if your new application is made within 12 months.

    ", + "

    Terminated applications

    ", + "

    Your application will be terminated if you do not submit the right documents, forms and payment when asked to.

    ", + "

    You may be able to reopen your application if you apply within 12 months of termination.

    ", + "

    You need to be able to show:

    ", + "
  • why you failed to meet the requirements
    • ", + "
  • that the failure was not intentional
    • ", + "
  • when you became able to meet the requirements
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a3150 to apply - this is not refundable.

    ", + "

    Reopen your application

    ", + "

    Download the reinstatement request form.

    ", + "

    Send the form, your fee and any supporting evidence to IPO.

    ", + "

    If your request is granted, you must meet the requirements within 2 months.

    ", + "

    You can ask for an ex parte hearing if you\u2019re turned down, where you can put your case to a senior official.

    ", + "

    International patents

    ", + "

    A patent only protects your invention in the country where the patent is registered.

    ", + "

    For protection overseas, you can:

    ", + "
  • file a single application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) for protection in more than 140 countries
    • ", + "
  • file a single application with the European Patent Office (EPO) for protection in more than 30 countries in Europe
    • ", + "
  • apply separately to the patent office of each country where you want a patent
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on filing a patent abroad for basic information on filing for international protection.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-design": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-design", + "title": "Register a design", + "content": "## Check if you can register your design\n\nYou can register the look of a product you\u2019ve designed to stop people copying or stealing it.\n\nThe look of your design includes the:\n\n- appearance\n\n- physical shape\n\n- configuration (or how different parts of a design are arranged together)\n\n- decoration\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nRegistering your design:\n\n- protects any aspect of your design, for example both the product\u2019s shape and decoration\n\n- gives you the right to prevent others from using it for up to 25 years - you have to renew your registered design every 5 years\n\n- makes taking legal action against infringement and copying more straightforward\n\nOnce registered you can display your registration number on your design.\n\nShapes of objects may already be automatically protected by design right, but it\u2019s easier to protect your design if you register it.\n\n## What you can and cannot register\n\nTo register your design, it must:\n\n- be new\n\n- not be offensive (for example feature graphic images or words)\n\n- be your own intellectual property\n\n- not make use of protected emblems or flags (for example the Olympic rings or the Royal Crown)\n\n- not be an invention or how a product works - you\u2019ll need a patent instead\n\nYou cannot protect the functionality of a design - for example a chair that folds down more quickly than others of the same kind.\n\n## Search the registers\n\nSearch all of the following design registers to check if your design is unique:\n\n- UK-registered designs\n\n- EU Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO)\n\n- World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO)\n\nYou can ask the Intellectual Property Office to search for you for \u00a324.\n\n## Prepare your illustrations\n\nYour illustrations should:\n\n- show the design as it appears to the eye, using photographs, line drawings, computer-aided design (CAD) or rendered CAD\n\n- show the design against a plain background, with no details hidden by shadows or reflections\n\n- not contain text, measurements or other technical information\n\n- not contain more than one view of the design\n\n- not include anything that is not part of the design, for example another object or your hand\n\n- be the same type, not a mixture (for example, all line drawings or all photographs)\n\n- include the complete pattern and enough to show how the pattern repeats, if you want to register a surface pattern\n\nInclude up to 12 illustrations if you\u2019re applying online, with one view per file. Apply by post if you need to show more than 12 illustrations.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying by post, your illustrations should be on plain A4 paper.\n\nIf your application is shown in colour, or contains tonal contrast, the Intellectual Property Office will assume that those elements are intended to form part of your design (unless you\u2019ve added a \u2018disclaimer\u2019).\n\nColour included in these diagrams is used for illustrative purposes only.\n\nYou may need to add more information to your illustrations to make it clear what you want to protect.\n\n## If you're only registering part of an illustration\n\nYou can add more information if you only want to register:\n\n- part of your illustration\n\n- the shape, not the colour or surface pattern\n\nYou can either show or explain:\n\n- which parts of an illustration you want to protect - this is called a \u2018limitation\u2019\n\n- the parts of an illustration you do not want to protect - this is called a \u2018disclaimer\u2019\n\nYou can do this by \u2018greying out\u2019 or circling parts of the illustration, or by adding a line of text.\n\n## Apply\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can register your design online. It\u2019s cheaper than applying by post.\n\n| Number of designs | Fee |\n\n| One | \u00a350 |\n\n| Up to 10 | \u00a370 |\n\n| Up to 20 | \u00a390 |\n\n| Up to 30 | \u00a3110 |\n\n| Up to 40 | \u00a3130 |\n\n| Up to 50 | \u00a3150 |\n\nYou cannot claim back VAT as the fee is out of scope.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nYour application should include the following documents:\n\n- a completed application form - read the guidance notes before applying\n\n- your prepared illustrations\n\n| Number of designs | Fee |\n\n| One | \u00a360 |\n\n| Each additional design | \u00a340 |\n\nYou cannot claim back VAT as the fee is out of scope.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nThe Intellectual Property Office will examine your application within 8 weeks (40 working days).\n\nIf there are no objections and you have not asked to defer your registration, your design will be registered immediately.\n\nIf there are any objections, you have 2 months to respond.\n\nYou can request a hearing if you:\n\n- think your application has been dealt with unfairly\n\n- disagree with the decision about your design\n\nYour design will be added to the list of registered designs and made public. You can choose for it not to be made public by deferring your registration.\n\n## Send forms and responses\n\nSend all forms, changes to your application or hearing requests to:\n\n## How long it lasts\n\nYou must renew your design registration every 5 years to keep it protected.\n\n## Use your design\n\nOnce registered you can license, sell or mortgage your design.\n\n## Defer your registration\n\nYou might want to defer registering your design, for example if you need more time to develop and market your product before it becomes public.\n\nYou can ask that your design is not registered for up to 12 months when you apply.\n\nYou must register a deferred design within 12 months of applying or your application will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to reapply, including paying the fee again.\n\n## When you\u2019re ready to register your design\n\nPost a deferred design registration form for each design to request registration. The address is on the form.\n\nYour design will be registered from the date you first filed your application.\n\nThe fee to register a deferred design is \u00a340.\n\nYou will not get the full protection of being registered until your application is registered and published.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Check if you can register your design

    ", + "

    You can register the look of a product you\u2019ve designed to stop people copying or stealing it.

    ", + "

    The look of your design includes the:

    ", + "
  • appearance
    • ", + "
  • physical shape
    • ", + "
  • configuration (or how different parts of a design are arranged together)
    • ", + "
  • decoration
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    Registering your design:

    ", + "
  • protects any aspect of your design, for example both the product\u2019s shape and decoration
    • ", + "
  • gives you the right to prevent others from using it for up to 25 years - you have to renew your registered design every 5 years
    • ", + "
  • makes taking legal action against infringement and copying more straightforward
    • ", + "

    Once registered you can display your registration number on your design.

    ", + "

    Shapes of objects may already be automatically protected by design right, but it\u2019s easier to protect your design if you register it.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot register

    ", + "

    To register your design, it must:

    ", + "
  • be new
    • ", + "
  • not be offensive (for example feature graphic images or words)
    • ", + "
  • be your own intellectual property
    • ", + "
  • not make use of protected emblems or flags (for example the Olympic rings or the Royal Crown)
    • ", + "
  • not be an invention or how a product works - you\u2019ll need a patent instead
    • ", + "

    You cannot protect the functionality of a design - for example a chair that folds down more quickly than others of the same kind.

    ", + "

    Search the registers

    ", + "

    Search all of the following design registers to check if your design is unique:

    ", + "
  • UK-registered designs
    • ", + "
  • EU Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO)
    • ", + "
  • World Intellectual Property Organisation (WIPO)
    • ", + "

    You can ask the Intellectual Property Office to search for you for \u00a324.

    ", + "

    Prepare your illustrations

    ", + "

    Your illustrations should:

    ", + "
  • show the design as it appears to the eye, using photographs, line drawings, computer-aided design (CAD) or rendered CAD
    • ", + "
  • show the design against a plain background, with no details hidden by shadows or reflections
    • ", + "
  • not contain text, measurements or other technical information
    • ", + "
  • not contain more than one view of the design
    • ", + "
  • not include anything that is not part of the design, for example another object or your hand
    • ", + "
  • be the same type, not a mixture (for example, all line drawings or all photographs)
    • ", + "
  • include the complete pattern and enough to show how the pattern repeats, if you want to register a surface pattern
    • ", + "

    Include up to 12 illustrations if you\u2019re applying online, with one view per file. Apply by post if you need to show more than 12 illustrations.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying by post, your illustrations should be on plain A4 paper.

    ", + "

    If your application is shown in colour, or contains tonal contrast, the Intellectual Property Office will assume that those elements are intended to form part of your design (unless you\u2019ve added a \u2018disclaimer\u2019).

    ", + "

    Colour included in these diagrams is used for illustrative purposes only.

    ", + "

    ", + "

    You may need to add more information to your illustrations to make it clear what you want to protect.

    ", + "

    If you're only registering part of an illustration

    ", + "

    You can add more information if you only want to register:

    ", + "
  • part of your illustration
    • ", + "
  • the shape, not the colour or surface pattern
    • ", + "

    You can either show or explain:

    ", + "
  • which parts of an illustration you want to protect - this is called a \u2018limitation\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the parts of an illustration you do not want to protect - this is called a \u2018disclaimer\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can do this by \u2018greying out\u2019 or circling parts of the illustration, or by adding a line of text.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can register your design online. It\u2019s cheaper than applying by post.

    ", + "Number of designs | Fee", + "One | \u00a350", + "Up to 10 | \u00a370", + "Up to 20 | \u00a390", + "Up to 30 | \u00a3110", + "Up to 40 | \u00a3130", + "Up to 50 | \u00a3150", + "

    You cannot claim back VAT as the fee is out of scope.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    Your application should include the following documents:

    ", + "
  • a completed application form - read the guidance notes before applying
    • ", + "
  • your prepared illustrations
    • ", + "Number of designs | Fee", + "One | \u00a360", + "Each additional design | \u00a340", + "

    You cannot claim back VAT as the fee is out of scope.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    The Intellectual Property Office will examine your application within 8 weeks (40 working days).

    ", + "

    If there are no objections and you have not asked to defer your registration, your design will be registered immediately.

    ", + "

    If there are any objections, you have 2 months to respond.

    ", + "

    You can request a hearing if you:

    ", + "
  • think your application has been dealt with unfairly
    • ", + "
  • disagree with the decision about your design
    • ", + "

    Your design will be added to the list of registered designs and made public. You can choose for it not to be made public by deferring your registration.

    ", + "

    Send forms and responses

    ", + "

    Send all forms, changes to your application or hearing requests to:

    ", + "

    How long it lasts

    ", + "

    You must renew your design registration every 5 years to keep it protected.

    ", + "

    Use your design

    ", + "

    Once registered you can license, sell or mortgage your design.

    ", + "

    Defer your registration

    ", + "

    You might want to defer registering your design, for example if you need more time to develop and market your product before it becomes public.

    ", + "

    You can ask that your design is not registered for up to 12 months when you apply.

    ", + "

    You must register a deferred design within 12 months of applying or your application will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to reapply, including paying the fee again.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re ready to register your design

    ", + "

    Post a deferred design registration form for each design to request registration. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Your design will be registered from the date you first filed your application.

    ", + "

    The fee to register a deferred design is \u00a340.

    ", + "

    You will not get the full protection of being registered until your application is registered and published.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "title": "Using somebody else's intellectual property", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can usually get permission to use someone else\u2019s intellectual property (IP) by buying the rights from them or getting their permission to use it.\n\nUsing someone\u2019s trade mark, patent, copyright or design without their permission is known as \u2018IP infringement\u2019 and could lead to a fine, prison or both.\n\nRead about IP crime and enforcement for more information on the penalties.\n\n## Trade marks\n\nTo use an existing trade mark you should contact the current owner.\n\nFind the owner of a registered trade mark by searching the trade marks database.\n\n## Licensing\n\nA licence is a formal agreement to use someone else\u2019s trade mark. You and the owner must agree the terms of the licence, for example the cost or how long it will last.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve agreed a licence to use the trade mark, fill in the form to record a licensee and post it. The address is on the form.\n\nPost an application to remove or amend the record of a licence when the licensing agreement ends or if you need to change it.\n\nThe owner must sign any form you send, or you must send proof of the agreement with your application.\n\nEach application costs \u00a350.\n\n## Buying\n\nYou must tell IPO if you become the new owner of a trade mark, for example by buying it or as the result of a company merger.\n\nIn some cases the owner may only sell you one part of a trade mark, for example they may not sell the right to register derivative marks. This is known as a \u2018partial assignment\u2019.\n\nUse either:\n\n- \u2018Application to record a change of ownership\u2019 form\n\n- \u2018Application to record a partial assignment of goods and/or services\u2019 form\n\nEach application costs \u00a350.\n\nFill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.\n\n## Coexistence agreements\n\nYou may be able to use an identical trade mark (for example company name, logo) as someone else by making a coexistence agreement.\n\nThis means you agree that both of you can continue to use the trade mark.\n\n## Patents\n\nContact the owner of the patent to see if they\u2019ll:\n\n- license it to you\n\n- sell it to you\n\nSearch the patent databases to find the current owner.\n\n## Licensing\n\nAny licence arrangement, including cost, is made directly between you and the patent owner.\n\nYou can ask Intellectual Property Office (IPO) for help to resolve patent disputes if you can\u2019t reach an agreement.\n\nIPO can\u2019t decide the exact terms of the licence (for example the price) but can decide:\n\n- what can and can\u2019t be part of a licence\n\n- if the patent owner must grant you a licence (known as a \u2018compulsory licence under a patent\u2019)\n\n## Licence of right\n\nA patent with \u2018licence of right\u2019, means that the patent owners will give anyone a licence to use it.\n\nYou must still agree with the owner on the terms of the licence before you can use the patent.\n\nYou can ask IPO for help if you can\u2019t reach agreement.\n\n## Registering your licence\n\nRegister a licence agreement (or changes to an existing licence, for example cancellation) by filling in Patents form 21. Send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.\n\n## Buying a patent\n\nWhen someone sells you a patent they must transfer ownership to you.\n\nYou need a written document to record the transfer. This is known as an \u2018assignment\u2019 and must be signed by the person selling the patent.\n\nA solicitor can help you draw up this document.\n\nFill in Patents form 21 and return it to the address on the form. Include a copy of your assignment.\n\nYou can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.\n\n## Copyright\n\nYou can\u2019t copy or use copyright material without permission. For example, you can\u2019t buy a painting and then use copies of it for a book cover, or buy a CD and use a track from it in a film.\n\nTo use something protected by copyright you must either:\n\n- agree a licence with the owner to use it\n\n- buy or acquire the copyright\n\n- confirm that your intended use falls within the exceptions to copyright\n\n## Finding a copyright owner\n\nA person can give permission if they are:\n\n- the person who made it (the creator), or their family or heirs\n\n- the creator\u2019s employer, if it was created it as part of the creator\u2019s job\n\n- a person who bought, acquired or licensed the rights\n\n- an organisation representing the copyright owner\n\nYou may be able to find out who owns copyright from Writers, Artists and their copyright holders (WATCH).\n\nIf you can\u2019t find out who the copyright owner is check if you need a licence to use the work.\n\n## Licensing\n\nYou must agree the terms of an agreement with the current owner to use all or part of copyright works.\n\nThe licence agreement may allow you to use it for one or more specified purposes and may apply only for a limited time or in specific places.\n\n## Exclusive use\n\nYou\u2019ll be the only person able to use something for the duration of the agreement.\n\nThis includes the copyright owner, who won\u2019t be able to use it themselves while the agreement is in place.\n\n## Limited use\n\nYou\u2019ll only be given permission to use something for one or more specific reasons, for example publishing a photograph in one edition of a magazine or using a song as the theme for one series of a TV show.\n\nYou need to agree another licence if you want to use the material for something else.\n\n## Creative Commons licence\n\nSome copyright owners release work under a Creative Commons licence.\n\nYou must check what kind of use the licence allows.\n\n## Buying copyright\n\nWhen you buy copyright the person you\u2019re buying from transfers the copyright to you.\n\nOnce you own the copyright to something you can use it for anything you like, without the creator\u2019s express permission, as long as you respect their moral rights.\n\nYou must have a written agreement, signed by the copyright owner, stating that they have transferred ownership of the copyright to you.\n\n## Moral rights\n\nThe creator may still have certain rights regarding how their work is used even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.\n\nAuthors, playwrights, composers, artists and film directors have the moral right:\n\n- to be recognised as the creator of the work when copies are made available to the public\n\n- to object to the work being altered in a way that has negative effect on their reputation\n\n- to not have someone else\u2019s work falsely attributed to them\n\nPerformers, such as actors or dancers, have the moral right:\n\n- to be recognised as the performer of the piece\n\n- to object to the performance being altered in a way that is damaging to their reputation\n\nThe creator or performer of a piece of work to which you own the copyright must tell you if they want to exercise these rights.\n\nThey can choose whether or not to use their moral rights.\n\nMoral rights can\u2019t be sold or transferred in the same way as copyright. They last for as long as the piece of work is covered by copyright.\n\n## Performers\u2019 rights\n\nPerformers, for example in films or broadcasts, may still have \u2018economic rights\u2019 to some copyright material, even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.\n\nFor example, if you\u2019ve bought the copyright to a filmed recording of a play you may still have to pay the actors if you broadcast it.\n\n## Permitted use of copyright works\n\nYou may not need permission if you\u2019re using a copyright work for the following reasons:\n\n- non-commercial research and private study\n\n- criticism, review and reporting current events\n\n- teaching in educational establishments\n\n- helping disabled people\n\n- recording for use at a later date\n\nYou may not need permission if you only want to use a \u2018less than a substantial\u2019 part of a copyright protected work. This is decided on a case by case basis.\n\nGenerally something won\u2019t be less than a substantial part if it could be seen as an important part of the work, for example a frame from a film or the conclusions of a report.\n\nGet legal advice from an intellectual property professional before using copyrighted material, if you\u2019re in any doubt.\n\nRead the guidance on exceptions to copyright for detailed information.\n\n## Designs\n\nTo use a registered design you must contact the current owner and either agree a licence to use the design or buy it from them.\n\nThe licence between you and the design\u2019s owner will tell you:\n\n- what you can do with the design\n\n- how long your licence will last\n\n- what you have to pay - if anything\n\nYou can do anything with a design that you\u2019ve bought.\n\nFill in and send form DF12A to register a licence or transfer ownership of the design - the address is on the form.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can usually get permission to use someone else\u2019s intellectual property (IP) by buying the rights from them or getting their permission to use it.

    ", + "

    Using someone\u2019s trade mark, patent, copyright or design without their permission is known as \u2018IP infringement\u2019 and could lead to a fine, prison or both.

    ", + "

    Read about IP crime and enforcement for more information on the penalties.

    ", + "

    Trade marks

    ", + "

    To use an existing trade mark you should contact the current owner.

    ", + "

    Find the owner of a registered trade mark by searching the trade marks database.

    ", + "

    Licensing

    ", + "

    A licence is a formal agreement to use someone else\u2019s trade mark. You and the owner must agree the terms of the licence, for example the cost or how long it will last.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve agreed a licence to use the trade mark, fill in the form to record a licensee and post it. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Post an application to remove or amend the record of a licence when the licensing agreement ends or if you need to change it.

    ", + "

    The owner must sign any form you send, or you must send proof of the agreement with your application.

    ", + "

    Each application costs \u00a350.

    ", + "

    Buying

    ", + "

    You must tell IPO if you become the new owner of a trade mark, for example by buying it or as the result of a company merger.

    ", + "

    In some cases the owner may only sell you one part of a trade mark, for example they may not sell the right to register derivative marks. This is known as a \u2018partial assignment\u2019.

    ", + "

    Use either:

    ", + "
  • \u2018Application to record a change of ownership\u2019 form
    • ", + "
  • \u2018Application to record a partial assignment of goods and/or services\u2019 form
    • ", + "

    Each application costs \u00a350.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Coexistence agreements

    ", + "

    You may be able to use an identical trade mark (for example company name, logo) as someone else by making a coexistence agreement.

    ", + "

    This means you agree that both of you can continue to use the trade mark.

    ", + "

    Patents

    ", + "

    Contact the owner of the patent to see if they\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • license it to you
    • ", + "
  • sell it to you
    • ", + "

    Search the patent databases to find the current owner.

    ", + "

    Licensing

    ", + "

    Any licence arrangement, including cost, is made directly between you and the patent owner.

    ", + "

    You can ask Intellectual Property Office (IPO) for help to resolve patent disputes if you can\u2019t reach an agreement.

    ", + "

    IPO can\u2019t decide the exact terms of the licence (for example the price) but can decide:

    ", + "
  • what can and can\u2019t be part of a licence
    • ", + "
  • if the patent owner must grant you a licence (known as a \u2018compulsory licence under a patent\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Licence of right

    ", + "

    A patent with \u2018licence of right\u2019, means that the patent owners will give anyone a licence to use it.

    ", + "

    You must still agree with the owner on the terms of the licence before you can use the patent.

    ", + "

    You can ask IPO for help if you can\u2019t reach agreement.

    ", + "

    Registering your licence

    ", + "

    Register a licence agreement (or changes to an existing licence, for example cancellation) by filling in Patents form 21. Send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.

    ", + "

    Buying a patent

    ", + "

    When someone sells you a patent they must transfer ownership to you.

    ", + "

    You need a written document to record the transfer. This is known as an \u2018assignment\u2019 and must be signed by the person selling the patent.

    ", + "

    A solicitor can help you draw up this document.

    ", + "

    Fill in Patents form 21 and return it to the address on the form. Include a copy of your assignment.

    ", + "

    You can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.

    ", + "

    Copyright

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t copy or use copyright material without permission. For example, you can\u2019t buy a painting and then use copies of it for a book cover, or buy a CD and use a track from it in a film.

    ", + "

    To use something protected by copyright you must either:

    ", + "
  • agree a licence with the owner to use it
    • ", + "
  • buy or acquire the copyright
    • ", + "
  • confirm that your intended use falls within the exceptions to copyright
    • ", + "

    Finding a copyright owner

    ", + "

    A person can give permission if they are:

    ", + "
  • the person who made it (the creator), or their family or heirs
    • ", + "
  • the creator\u2019s employer, if it was created it as part of the creator\u2019s job
    • ", + "
  • a person who bought, acquired or licensed the rights
    • ", + "
  • an organisation representing the copyright owner
    • ", + "

    You may be able to find out who owns copyright from Writers, Artists and their copyright holders (WATCH).

    ", + "

    If you can\u2019t find out who the copyright owner is check if you need a licence to use the work.

    ", + "

    Licensing

    ", + "

    You must agree the terms of an agreement with the current owner to use all or part of copyright works.

    ", + "

    The licence agreement may allow you to use it for one or more specified purposes and may apply only for a limited time or in specific places.

    ", + "

    Exclusive use

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be the only person able to use something for the duration of the agreement.

    ", + "

    This includes the copyright owner, who won\u2019t be able to use it themselves while the agreement is in place.

    ", + "

    Limited use

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only be given permission to use something for one or more specific reasons, for example publishing a photograph in one edition of a magazine or using a song as the theme for one series of a TV show.

    ", + "

    You need to agree another licence if you want to use the material for something else.

    ", + "

    Creative Commons licence

    ", + "

    Some copyright owners release work under a Creative Commons licence.

    ", + "

    You must check what kind of use the licence allows.

    ", + "

    Buying copyright

    ", + "

    When you buy copyright the person you\u2019re buying from transfers the copyright to you.

    ", + "

    Once you own the copyright to something you can use it for anything you like, without the creator\u2019s express permission, as long as you respect their moral rights.

    ", + "

    You must have a written agreement, signed by the copyright owner, stating that they have transferred ownership of the copyright to you.

    ", + "

    Moral rights

    ", + "

    The creator may still have certain rights regarding how their work is used even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.

    ", + "

    Authors, playwrights, composers, artists and film directors have the moral right:

    ", + "
  • to be recognised as the creator of the work when copies are made available to the public
    • ", + "
  • to object to the work being altered in a way that has negative effect on their reputation
    • ", + "
  • to not have someone else\u2019s work falsely attributed to them
    • ", + "

    Performers, such as actors or dancers, have the moral right:

    ", + "
  • to be recognised as the performer of the piece
    • ", + "
  • to object to the performance being altered in a way that is damaging to their reputation
    • ", + "

    The creator or performer of a piece of work to which you own the copyright must tell you if they want to exercise these rights.

    ", + "

    They can choose whether or not to use their moral rights.

    ", + "

    Moral rights can\u2019t be sold or transferred in the same way as copyright. They last for as long as the piece of work is covered by copyright.

    ", + "

    Performers\u2019 rights

    ", + "

    Performers, for example in films or broadcasts, may still have \u2018economic rights\u2019 to some copyright material, even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.

    ", + "

    For example, if you\u2019ve bought the copyright to a filmed recording of a play you may still have to pay the actors if you broadcast it.

    ", + "

    Permitted use of copyright works

    ", + "

    You may not need permission if you\u2019re using a copyright work for the following reasons:

    ", + "
  • non-commercial research and private study
    • ", + "
  • criticism, review and reporting current events
    • ", + "
  • teaching in educational establishments
    • ", + "
  • helping disabled people
    • ", + "
  • recording for use at a later date
    • ", + "

    You may not need permission if you only want to use a \u2018less than a substantial\u2019 part of a copyright protected work. This is decided on a case by case basis.

    ", + "

    Generally something won\u2019t be less than a substantial part if it could be seen as an important part of the work, for example a frame from a film or the conclusions of a report.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice from an intellectual property professional before using copyrighted material, if you\u2019re in any doubt.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on exceptions to copyright for detailed information.

    ", + "

    Designs

    ", + "

    To use a registered design you must contact the current owner and either agree a licence to use the design or buy it from them.

    ", + "

    The licence between you and the design\u2019s owner will tell you:

    ", + "
  • what you can do with the design
    • ", + "
  • how long your licence will last
    • ", + "
  • what you have to pay - if anything
    • ", + "

    You can do anything with a design that you\u2019ve bought.

    ", + "

    Fill in and send form DF12A to register a licence or transfer ownership of the design - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-classify-different-types-of-waste": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-classify-different-types-of-waste", + "title": "Classify different types of waste", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must identify and classify your waste before you send it for recycling or disposal. This makes sure you or anyone handling your waste deals with it properly.\n\nThere are special rules for dealing with hazardous waste or disposing of waste with a high level of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), (known as \u2018POPs waste\u2019).\n\n## Filling in waste transfer or consignment notes\n\nYou must describe your waste in the paperwork you give your waste contractor. This must include:\n\n- the waste classification code, also referred to as LoW (List of Waste) or EWC (European Waste Catalogue) code - classification codes for common types of waste are in the relevant parts of this guidance\n\n- whether it\u2019s hazardous or POPs waste\n\n- the type of premises or business where the waste was produced\n\n- the name of the substance or substances\n\n- the process that produced the waste\n\n- a chemical and physical analysis of the waste and its components\n\n- any special problems, requirements or knowledge related to the waste\n\n## If you cannot find a code for your waste\n\nCheck the technical guidance on waste, it includes more information about waste classification and assessing waste.\n\nYou must not use landfill waste acceptance criteria (WAC) results for waste classification purposes.\n\n## How to find out if your waste is hazardous or POPs waste\n\nIn most cases you can check the waste code or codes associated with your waste to see if they are hazardous and POPs waste. You must make sure your waste contractor can dispose of this waste properly.\n\nSome waste items have more than one classification, depending on the possible mix of substances in them.\n\nIn these cases you must work out exactly what is in your waste, and how much of it is hazardous or POPs.\n\nCheck the manufacturers\u2019 product safety data sheets for this information or carry out an assessment.\n\nMany products include orange and black danger symbols or red and white hazard pictograms to indicate they\u2019re hazardous.\n\nSome products (for example cosmetics and medicines) are not normally labelled with hazard symbols - check the product\u2019s safety data sheet.\n\nRead the technical guidance on waste and guidance on dealing with POPs waste) for more information on checking for hazardous substances and POPs.\n\n## Mixing waste\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to mix hazardous or POPs waste with either non-hazardous or another hazardous waste.\n\nCheck how to mix and store hazardous waste.\n\nYou will usually need more than one code if you store more than one type of non-hazardous waste in your container.\n\n## If you need more help\n\nGet advice from a specialist waste contractor if you\u2019re not sure whether it\u2019s hazardous or not.\n\nFor more information, contact the Environment Agency.\n\n## Construction and demolition waste\n\nThe tables below list waste codes for common construction and demolition waste.\n\nYou can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.\n\n## Insulation and asbestos materials\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Insulation containing asbestos | Hazardous | 17-06-01* |\n\n| Other insulation containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-06-03* |\n\n| Other insulation materials | Non-hazardous | 17-06-04 |\n\n| Other construction materials containing asbestos | Hazardous | 17-06-05* |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics\n\nThis list excludes asbestos-containing materials - refer to the insulation and asbestos materials table for any waste with asbestos.\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Concrete | Non-hazardous | 17-01-01 |\n\n| Bricks | Non-hazardous | 17-01-02 |\n\n| Tiles and ceramics | Non-hazardous | 17-01-03 |\n\n| Concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics (alone or in mixtures) containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-01-06* |\n\n| Concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics in mixtures, containing no hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 17-01-07 |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Wood, glass and plastic\n\nThis list excludes packaging wastes and domestic type recyclables - refer to the packaging section for related codes.\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Wood - untreated | Non-hazardous | 17-02-01 |\n\n| Glass - uncontaminated | Non-hazardous | 17-02-02 |\n\n| Plastic - excludes packaging waste | Non-hazardous | 17-02-03 |\n\n| Treated wood, glass, plastic (alone or in mixtures) containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-02-04* |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Bituminous mixtures, coal tar and tar\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Bituminous mixtures containing coal tar | Hazardous | 17-03-01* |\n\n| Other bituminous mixtures | Non-hazardous | 17-03-02 |\n\n| Coal tar and tarred products | Hazardous | 17-03-03* |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Metallic waste, including cable\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Copper, bronze and brass | Non-hazardous | 17-04-01 |\n\n| Aluminium | Non-hazardous | 17-04-02 |\n\n| Lead | Non-hazardous | 17-04-03 |\n\n| Iron and steel | Non-hazardous | 17-04-05 |\n\n| Tin | Non-hazardous | 17-04-06 |\n\n| Mixed metals | Non-hazardous | 17-04-07 |\n\n| Metals containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-04-09* |\n\n| Cables containing oil, coal tar and other hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-04-10* |\n\n| Other cables | Non-hazardous | 17-04-11 |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Soil, contaminated soil, stones and dredging spoil\n\nYou must be able to prove that your waste does not contain any hazardous substances to classify soil as non-hazardous - you\u2019ll always need to assess the soil before you hand it over to be collected.\n\nThe presence of any fragments of asbestos-containing material in the soil results in a mixed hazardous waste - refer to the insulation and asbestos materials table for more guidance.\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Soil and stones containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-05-03* |\n\n| Other soil and stones | Non-hazardous | 17-05-04 |\n\n| Dredging spoil containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-05-05* |\n\n| Other dredging spoil | Non-hazardous | 17-05-06 |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Gypsum\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Gypsum materials containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-08-01* |\n\n| Other gypsum materials | Non-hazardous | 17-08-02 |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Cement\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Un-used or un-set cement | Hazardous | 17-09-03* |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Paints and varnishes\n\nPaints and varnishes of a type normally used by householders can be classified under the codes indicated in brackets if separated out from other waste.\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Hazardous | 08-01-11* (20-01-27*) |\n\n| Not containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 08-01-12 (20-01-28) |\n\n| Paint or varnish remover | Hazardous | 08-01-21* |\n\n| Paint cans | Hazardous | Refer to packaging waste and recyclables section |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Adhesives and sealants\n\nAdhesives and sealants of a type normally used by householders can be classified under the codes indicated in brackets if separated out from other waste.\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Hazardous | 08-04-09* (20-01-27*) |\n\n| Not containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 08-04-10 (20-01-28) |\n\n| Adhesive or sealant containers | Hazardous | Refer to packaging waste and recyclables section |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Packaging waste and recyclables\n\nThe tables below list waste codes for common packaging and domestic type recyclable wastes.\n\nYou can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.\n\nContainers must be empty to be classified as packaging waste.\n\n| | Waste status | Plastic | Metal | Paper and cardboard | Glass | Textiles |\n\n| Clean packaging | Non-hazardous | 15-01-02 | 15-01-04 | 15-01-01 | 15-01-07 | 15-01-09 |\n\n| Other clean material, unmixed - excluding packaging | Non-hazardous | 20-01-39 | 20-01-40 | 20-01-01 | 20-01-02 | 20-01-11 |\n\n| Mixed clean material - including packaging | Non-hazardous | 15-01-02 and 20-01-39 | 15-01-04 and 20-01-40 | 15-01-01 and 20-01-01 | 15-01-07 and 20-01-02 | 15-01-09 and 20-01-10 |\n\n| Empty packaging contaminated with residues of hazardous substances, for example paint cans, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and drums | Hazardous | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10* |\n\n| Empty packaging contaminated with residues of non-hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 15-01-02 | 15-01-04 | 15-01-01 | 15-01-07 | 15-01-09 |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Electronic and electrical equipment\n\nThese tables list common waste codes for batteries, lightbulbs and electrical devices.\n\nYou need to include all relevant classification codes if you place waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) that would be assigned different codes in the same container.\n\n## Hazardous substances or persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in waste electricals\n\nWEEE often has components that contain hazardous substances or persistent organic pollutants (POPs). These could include:\n\n- printed circuit boards\n\n- plastic casings, cables and other components\n\n- insulation foam\n\n- cooling agents\n\n- flame retardants\n\n- activated glass and screen phosphors\n\n- cathode ray tubes\n\n- capacitors\n\n- Ni-Cd batteries\n\nIf the levels of hazardous substances or POPs are over a certain amount the item will be classified as hazardous or POPs waste.\n\nIf your WEEE is POPs waste you cannot reuse or recycle it.\n\nThere are special rules about:\n\n- where you can export WEEE that contains POPs\n\n- dealing with hazardous waste\n\n- disposing of POPs waste\n\nIf you\u2019ve assessed your waste and are still not sure if an item is hazardous or POPs waste, you should treat it as hazardous and POPs waste as a precaution.\n\nRead technical guidance on how to assess waste and identifying POPs waste.\n\n## Televisions, computer monitors and other display devices\n\nComponents such as screens, circuit boards, batteries or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs.\n\n| | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial |\n\n| Cathode ray tube (CRT), flatscreen (plasma or LCD) containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* | 16-02-13* |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Fridges, freezers, chillers and air-conditioning units\n\nComponents such as circuit boards, motors and any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs. Coolants and foam may also be hazardous. Usually there is not enough POPs for the item to be classified as POPs waste.\n\n| | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial |\n\n| Containing ozone-depleting substances as foam blowing agents or coolants | Hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-23* | 16-02-11* |\n\n| Other | Hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-35* | 16-02-13* |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Large domestic appliances (LDA): white goods (washing machines, tumble driers, dishwashers and cookers)\n\nComponents such as circuit boards, motors or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs. Usually there is not enough for the item to be classified as hazardous or POPs waste.\n\n| | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial |\n\n| Large domestic appliances: white goods | Non-hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-36 | 16-02-14 |\n\n## Small mixed WEEE\n\nThese are small household-type electrical items collected from homes or businesses.\n\nComponents such as screens, circuit boards, batteries or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs.\n\n| | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial |\n\n| Small mixed WEEE containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Other household-type electricals from homes or businesses\n\nThese are waste electrical items collected from households or businesses that are not already listed and are separated from small mixed WEEE.\n\nComponents such as screens, circuit boards, batteries or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs.\n\n| | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial |\n\n| Cat 1: Large household appliances (other than LDA white goods) containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |\n\n| Cat 2: Small household appliances containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |\n\n| Cat 3: IT and telecommunication equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |\n\n| Cat 4: Consumer equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |\n\n| Cat 5: Lighting equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |\n\n| Cat 6: Electronic and electrical tools containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |\n\n| Cat 7: Toys, leisure and sporting equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Lightbulbs and lamps\n\nComponents such as circuit boards, plastic parts or casings may contain POPs and hazardous chemicals, such as flame retardants.\n\nYou must check the levels of hazardous substances and POPs in the bulbs before you can classify the waste. Read guidance on assessing WEEE for hazardous substances or POPs.\n\n| | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial |\n\n| Fluorescent tubes and low energy - excluding LED and other gas-discharge lamps | Hazardous | 20-01-21* | 16-02-13* |\n\n| LED, halogen and incandescent containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* | 16-02-13* |\n\n| LED, halogen and incandescent not containing hazardous components | Non-hazardous | 20-01-36 | 16-02-14 |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Batteries\n\n| | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial |\n\n| Lead acid (vehicle) | Hazardous | 16-06-01* | 16-06-01* |\n\n| Lead acid (other) | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | 16-06-01* |\n\n| Nickel-Cadmium | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | 16-06-02* |\n\n| Mercury containing | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | 16-06-03* |\n\n| Alkaline | Non-hazardous | 20-01-34 | 16-06-04 |\n\n| Other - Lithium or Lithium ion | Non-hazardous | 20-01-34 | 16-06-05 |\n\n| Mixed household-type batteries - separately collected | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | Not allowed |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Other WEEE, parts and components\n\nIf your waste is not listed, you can find more classes in the guidance on classifying waste from dismantling or treating WEEE.\n\n## Vehicle and oily wastes\n\nThe tables below list waste codes for common wastes produced by vehicle maintenance and dismantling activities.\n\nYou can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.\n\n## Vehicle fluids and other oils\n\nYou must not mix any of the following fluids:\n\n- mineral oils\n\n- cooking oils\n\n- halogenated oils\n\n- brake fluids\n\n- anti-freeze\n\n- washer fluids\n\n- oily waters\n\n## Vehicle and other oils\n\n| | Waste status | Contains PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) | Mineral-based and chlorinated | Mineral-based and non-chlorinated | Synthetic | Readily biodegradable | Other oils |\n\n| Hydraulic oils | Hazardous | 13-01-01* | 13-01-09* | 13-01-10* | 13-01-11* | 13-01-12* | 13-01-13* |\n\n| Engine, gear and lubricating oils | Hazardous | Not applicable | 13-02-04* | 13-02-05* | 13-02-06* | 13-02-07* | 13-02-08* |\n\n| Insulating and transmission oils | Hazardous | 13-03-01* | 13-03-06* | 13-03-07* | 13-03-08* | 13-03-09* | 13-03-10* |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Interceptor wastes\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Interceptor sludges | Hazardous | 13-05-03* |\n\n| Oily water from interceptor | Hazardous | 13-05-07* |\n\n| Solid waste from interceptor | Hazardous | 13-05-01* |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Fuels, brake and anti-freeze fluids\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Fuel oil and diesel | Hazardous | 13-07-01* |\n\n| Petrol | Hazardous | 13-07-02* |\n\n| Other fuels, including mixed fuels from mis-fuelling | Hazardous | 13-07-03* |\n\n| Brake fluids | Hazardous | 16-01-13* |\n\n| Antifreeze containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 16-01-14* |\n\n| Antifreeze not containing hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 16-01-15 |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Vehicles and their components\n\nThe waste code for end-of-life (no longer usable) tyres is 16-01-03.\n\n## Vehicles\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| End-of-life vehicles - un-depolluted | Hazardous | 16-01-04* |\n\n| End-of-life vehicles - depolluted | Non-hazardous | 16-01-06 |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Components, including oil filters\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Oil filters | Hazardous | 16-01-07* |\n\n| Components containing mercury | Hazardous | 16-01-08* |\n\n| Components containing PCBs | Hazardous | 16-01-09* |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Air bags\n\nThe waste code for explosive components (for example air bags) is 16-01-10*.\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Brake pads\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Brake pads containing asbestos | Hazardous | 16-01-11* |\n\n| Other brake pads | Non-hazardous | 16-01-12 |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Car batteries\n\nThe waste code for lead acid car batteries is 16-06-01*.\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Catalytic converters\n\nThe waste code for catalytic converters is 16 01 21*, or 16 01 22 for those that do not contain refractory ceramic fibres (RCF).\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## End-of-life vehicle wastes\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Ferrous metal | Non-hazardous | 16-01-17 |\n\n| Non-ferrous metal | Non-hazardous | 16-01-18 |\n\n| Plastic | Non-hazardous | 16-01-19 |\n\n| Vehicle glass | Non-hazardous | 16-01-20 |\n\n## Contaminated materials\n\n| | Waste status | Waste code |\n\n| Clothing, absorbents or wiping cloths contaminated with hazardous substances | Hazardous | 15-02-02* |\n\n| Clothing, absorbents or wiping clothes contaminated with non-hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 15-02-03 |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Healthcare and related wastes\n\nThe tables below list waste codes for common healthcare and related wastes.\n\nYou can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.\n\n## Additional guidance\n\nCheck the guide to the safe management of healthcare waste for additional information about classifying clinical and healthcare waste.\n\n## Offensive waste\n\n\u2018Offensive waste\u2019 is non-clinical waste that\u2019s non-infectious and does not contain pharmaceutical or chemical substances, but may be unpleasant to anyone who comes into contact with it.\n\n| | Examples | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare |\n\n| Healthcare offensive waste | Outer dressings and protective clothing like masks, gowns and gloves that are not contaminated with body fluids, and sterilised laboratory waste | Non-hazardous | 18-01-04 | 18-02-03 |\n\n| Municipal offensive waste | Hygiene waste and sanitary protection like nappies and incontinence pads | Non-hazardous | 20-01-99 | 20-01-99 |\n\nYou must segregate healthcare offensive waste from both clinical and mixed municipal wastes.\n\nIf you\u2019ve produced more than 7kg of municipal offensive waste, or have more than one bag in a collection period, you must segregate it from any mixed municipal waste.\n\nIf you\u2019ve produced less, you can dispose of your municipal offensive waste in your mixed municipal waste (\u2018black bag\u2019). Use classification code 20-03-01.\n\n## Plaster and similar wastes\n\nMost plaster waste is non-infectious.\n\nIt should be kept separately from any plaster waste that\u2019s infectious, which must be placed in the bagged infectious clinical waste stream.\n\n| | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare |\n\n| Plaster and similar wastes, for example from dentistry and fracture clinics | Non-hazardous | 18-01-04 | 18-02-03 |\n\n## Waste medicines\n\nA medicine is considered to be cytotoxic or cytostatic for waste classification purposes if it\u2019s any of the following:\n\n- acutely toxic\n\n- carcinogenic\n\n- mutagenic\n\n- toxic for reproduction\n\n| | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare |\n\n| Cytotoxic and cytostatic medicines | Hazardous | 18-01-08* | 18-02-07* |\n\n| Other medicines | Non-hazardous | 18-01-09 | 18-02-08 |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\nHousehold medicines returned to a community pharmacy should be coded as follows:\n\n- cytotoxic and cytostatic medicines: 20-01-31*\n\n- other medicines: 20-01-32\n\n## Sharps and related waste\n\n| | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare |\n\n| Cytotoxic and cytostatic contaminated | Hazardous | 18-01-08* and 18-01-03* | 18-02-07* and 18-02-02* |\n\n| Other medicinally contaminated | Hazardous | 18-01-03* and 18-01-09 | 18-02-02* and 18-02-08 |\n\n| Non-medicinally contaminated | Hazardous | 18-01-03* | 18-02-02* |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Anatomical waste\n\n| | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare |\n\n| Not chemically preserved - infectious | Hazardous | 18-01-03* | 18-02-02* |\n\n| Not chemically preserved - non-infectious | Non-hazardous | 18-01-02 | 18-02-03 |\n\n| Chemically preserved - infectious or non-infectious | Hazardous | 18-01-06* and 18-01-02*/03 | 18-02-05* and 18-02-02*/03 |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Bagged clinical waste\n\nYou must only put waste items that are both infectious and chemically contaminated (for example some samples and diagnostic kits) in the yellow bag waste stream.\n\n| | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare |\n\n| Infectious clinical waste (no chemicals or pharmaceuticals) - orange bag | Hazardous | 18-01-03* | 18-02-02* |\n\n| Infectious clinical waste - yellow bag | Hazardous | 18-01-03* and 18-01-06* | 18-02-02* and 18-02-05* |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.\n\n## Laboratory chemicals and photochemicals\n\nYou must classify photochemicals and film, including X-ray related products, with codes from chapter 9 of the waste code section in the technical guidance on waste.\n\n| | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare |\n\n| Other chemicals - hazardous | Hazardous | 18-01-06* | 18-02-05* |\n\n| Other chemicals - non-hazardous | Non-hazardous | 18-01-07 | 18-02-06 |\n\n(*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must identify and classify your waste before you send it for recycling or disposal. This makes sure you or anyone handling your waste deals with it properly.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for dealing with hazardous waste or disposing of waste with a high level of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), (known as \u2018POPs waste\u2019).

    ", + "

    Filling in waste transfer or consignment notes

    ", + "

    You must describe your waste in the paperwork you give your waste contractor. This must include:

    ", + "
  • the waste classification code, also referred to as LoW (List of Waste) or EWC (European Waste Catalogue) code - classification codes for common types of waste are in the relevant parts of this guidance
    • ", + "
  • whether it\u2019s hazardous or POPs waste
    • ", + "
  • the type of premises or business where the waste was produced
    • ", + "
  • the name of the substance or substances
    • ", + "
  • the process that produced the waste
    • ", + "
  • a chemical and physical analysis of the waste and its components
    • ", + "
  • any special problems, requirements or knowledge related to the waste
    • ", + "

    If you cannot find a code for your waste

    ", + "

    Check the technical guidance on waste, it includes more information about waste classification and assessing waste.

    ", + "

    You must not use landfill waste acceptance criteria (WAC) results for waste classification purposes.

    ", + "

    How to find out if your waste is hazardous or POPs waste

    ", + "

    In most cases you can check the waste code or codes associated with your waste to see if they are hazardous and POPs waste. You must make sure your waste contractor can dispose of this waste properly.

    ", + "

    Some waste items have more than one classification, depending on the possible mix of substances in them.

    ", + "

    In these cases you must work out exactly what is in your waste, and how much of it is hazardous or POPs.

    ", + "

    Check the manufacturers\u2019 product safety data sheets for this information or carry out an assessment.

    ", + "

    Many products include orange and black danger symbols or red and white hazard pictograms to indicate they\u2019re hazardous.

    ", + "

    Some products (for example cosmetics and medicines) are not normally labelled with hazard symbols - check the product\u2019s safety data sheet.

    ", + "

    Read the technical guidance on waste and guidance on dealing with POPs waste) for more information on checking for hazardous substances and POPs.

    ", + "

    Mixing waste

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to mix hazardous or POPs waste with either non-hazardous or another hazardous waste.

    ", + "

    Check how to mix and store hazardous waste.

    ", + "

    You will usually need more than one code if you store more than one type of non-hazardous waste in your container.

    ", + "

    If you need more help

    ", + "

    Get advice from a specialist waste contractor if you\u2019re not sure whether it\u2019s hazardous or not.

    ", + "

    For more information, contact the Environment Agency.

    ", + "

    Construction and demolition waste

    ", + "

    The tables below list waste codes for common construction and demolition waste.

    ", + "

    You can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.

    ", + "

    Insulation and asbestos materials

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Insulation containing asbestos | Hazardous | 17-06-01*", + "Other insulation containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-06-03*", + "Other insulation materials | Non-hazardous | 17-06-04", + "Other construction materials containing asbestos | Hazardous | 17-06-05*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics

    ", + "

    This list excludes asbestos-containing materials - refer to the insulation and asbestos materials table for any waste with asbestos.

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Concrete | Non-hazardous | 17-01-01", + "Bricks | Non-hazardous | 17-01-02", + "Tiles and ceramics | Non-hazardous | 17-01-03", + "Concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics (alone or in mixtures) containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-01-06*", + "Concrete, bricks, tiles and ceramics in mixtures, containing no hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 17-01-07", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Wood, glass and plastic

    ", + "

    This list excludes packaging wastes and domestic type recyclables - refer to the packaging section for related codes.

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Wood - untreated | Non-hazardous | 17-02-01", + "Glass - uncontaminated | Non-hazardous | 17-02-02", + "Plastic - excludes packaging waste | Non-hazardous | 17-02-03", + "Treated wood, glass, plastic (alone or in mixtures) containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-02-04*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Bituminous mixtures, coal tar and tar

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Bituminous mixtures containing coal tar | Hazardous | 17-03-01*", + "Other bituminous mixtures | Non-hazardous | 17-03-02", + "Coal tar and tarred products | Hazardous | 17-03-03*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Metallic waste, including cable

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Copper, bronze and brass | Non-hazardous | 17-04-01", + "Aluminium | Non-hazardous | 17-04-02", + "Lead | Non-hazardous | 17-04-03", + "Iron and steel | Non-hazardous | 17-04-05", + "Tin | Non-hazardous | 17-04-06", + "Mixed metals | Non-hazardous | 17-04-07", + "Metals containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-04-09*", + "Cables containing oil, coal tar and other hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-04-10*", + "Other cables | Non-hazardous | 17-04-11", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Soil, contaminated soil, stones and dredging spoil

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that your waste does not contain any hazardous substances to classify soil as non-hazardous - you\u2019ll always need to assess the soil before you hand it over to be collected.

    ", + "

    The presence of any fragments of asbestos-containing material in the soil results in a mixed hazardous waste - refer to the insulation and asbestos materials table for more guidance.

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Soil and stones containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-05-03*", + "Other soil and stones | Non-hazardous | 17-05-04", + "Dredging spoil containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-05-05*", + "Other dredging spoil | Non-hazardous | 17-05-06", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Gypsum

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Gypsum materials containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 17-08-01*", + "Other gypsum materials | Non-hazardous | 17-08-02", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Cement

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Un-used or un-set cement | Hazardous | 17-09-03*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Paints and varnishes

    ", + "

    Paints and varnishes of a type normally used by householders can be classified under the codes indicated in brackets if separated out from other waste.

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Hazardous | 08-01-11* (20-01-27*)", + "Not containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 08-01-12 (20-01-28)", + "Paint or varnish remover | Hazardous | 08-01-21*", + "Paint cans | Hazardous | Refer to packaging waste and recyclables section", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Adhesives and sealants

    ", + "

    Adhesives and sealants of a type normally used by householders can be classified under the codes indicated in brackets if separated out from other waste.

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Hazardous | 08-04-09* (20-01-27*)", + "Not containing organic solvents or other hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 08-04-10 (20-01-28)", + "Adhesive or sealant containers | Hazardous | Refer to packaging waste and recyclables section", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Packaging waste and recyclables

    ", + "

    The tables below list waste codes for common packaging and domestic type recyclable wastes.

    ", + "

    You can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.

    ", + "

    Containers must be empty to be classified as packaging waste.

    ", + " | Waste status | Plastic | Metal | Paper and cardboard | Glass | Textiles", + "Clean packaging | Non-hazardous | 15-01-02 | 15-01-04 | 15-01-01 | 15-01-07 | 15-01-09", + "Other clean material, unmixed - excluding packaging | Non-hazardous | 20-01-39 | 20-01-40 | 20-01-01 | 20-01-02 | 20-01-11", + "Mixed clean material - including packaging | Non-hazardous | 15-01-02 and 20-01-39 | 15-01-04 and 20-01-40 | 15-01-01 and 20-01-01 | 15-01-07 and 20-01-02 | 15-01-09 and 20-01-10", + "Empty packaging contaminated with residues of hazardous substances, for example paint cans, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and drums | Hazardous | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10* | 15-01-10*", + "Empty packaging contaminated with residues of non-hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 15-01-02 | 15-01-04 | 15-01-01 | 15-01-07 | 15-01-09", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Electronic and electrical equipment

    ", + "

    These tables list common waste codes for batteries, lightbulbs and electrical devices.

    ", + "

    You need to include all relevant classification codes if you place waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) that would be assigned different codes in the same container.

    ", + "

    Hazardous substances or persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in waste electricals

    ", + "

    WEEE often has components that contain hazardous substances or persistent organic pollutants (POPs). These could include:

    ", + "
  • printed circuit boards
    • ", + "
  • plastic casings, cables and other components
    • ", + "
  • insulation foam
    • ", + "
  • cooling agents
    • ", + "
  • flame retardants
    • ", + "
  • activated glass and screen phosphors
    • ", + "
  • cathode ray tubes
    • ", + "
  • capacitors
    • ", + "
  • Ni-Cd batteries
    • ", + "

    If the levels of hazardous substances or POPs are over a certain amount the item will be classified as hazardous or POPs waste.

    ", + "

    If your WEEE is POPs waste you cannot reuse or recycle it.

    ", + "

    There are special rules about:

    ", + "
  • where you can export WEEE that contains POPs
    • ", + "
  • dealing with hazardous waste
    • ", + "
  • disposing of POPs waste
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve assessed your waste and are still not sure if an item is hazardous or POPs waste, you should treat it as hazardous and POPs waste as a precaution.

    ", + "

    Read technical guidance on how to assess waste and identifying POPs waste.

    ", + "

    Televisions, computer monitors and other display devices

    ", + "

    Components such as screens, circuit boards, batteries or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs.

    ", + " | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial", + "Cathode ray tube (CRT), flatscreen (plasma or LCD) containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* | 16-02-13*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Fridges, freezers, chillers and air-conditioning units

    ", + "

    Components such as circuit boards, motors and any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs. Coolants and foam may also be hazardous. Usually there is not enough POPs for the item to be classified as POPs waste.

    ", + " | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial", + "Containing ozone-depleting substances as foam blowing agents or coolants | Hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-23* | 16-02-11*", + "Other | Hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-35* | 16-02-13*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Large domestic appliances (LDA): white goods (washing machines, tumble driers, dishwashers and cookers)

    ", + "

    Components such as circuit boards, motors or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs. Usually there is not enough for the item to be classified as hazardous or POPs waste.

    ", + " | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial", + "Large domestic appliances: white goods | Non-hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-36 | 16-02-14", + "

    Small mixed WEEE

    ", + "

    These are small household-type electrical items collected from homes or businesses.

    ", + "

    Components such as screens, circuit boards, batteries or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs.

    ", + " | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial", + "Small mixed WEEE containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Other household-type electricals from homes or businesses

    ", + "

    These are waste electrical items collected from households or businesses that are not already listed and are separated from small mixed WEEE.

    ", + "

    Components such as screens, circuit boards, batteries or any plastic parts may contain hazardous chemicals or POPs.

    ", + " | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial", + "Cat 1: Large household appliances (other than LDA white goods) containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "Cat 2: Small household appliances containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "Cat 3: IT and telecommunication equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "Cat 4: Consumer equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "Cat 5: Lighting equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "Cat 6: Electronic and electrical tools containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "Cat 7: Toys, leisure and sporting equipment containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* and 20 01 36 | n/a", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Lightbulbs and lamps

    ", + "

    Components such as circuit boards, plastic parts or casings may contain POPs and hazardous chemicals, such as flame retardants.

    ", + "

    You must check the levels of hazardous substances and POPs in the bulbs before you can classify the waste. Read guidance on assessing WEEE for hazardous substances or POPs.

    ", + " | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial", + "Fluorescent tubes and low energy - excluding LED and other gas-discharge lamps | Hazardous | 20-01-21* | 16-02-13*", + "LED, halogen and incandescent containing POPs | Hazardous and POPs | 20-01-35* | 16-02-13*", + "LED, halogen and incandescent not containing hazardous components | Non-hazardous | 20-01-36 | 16-02-14", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Batteries

    ", + " | Waste status | Household | Industrial or commercial", + "Lead acid (vehicle) | Hazardous | 16-06-01* | 16-06-01*", + "Lead acid (other) | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | 16-06-01*", + "Nickel-Cadmium | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | 16-06-02*", + "Mercury containing | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | 16-06-03*", + "Alkaline | Non-hazardous | 20-01-34 | 16-06-04", + "Other - Lithium or Lithium ion | Non-hazardous | 20-01-34 | 16-06-05", + "Mixed household-type batteries - separately collected | Hazardous | 20-01-33* | Not allowed", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Other WEEE, parts and components

    ", + "

    If your waste is not listed, you can find more classes in the guidance on classifying waste from dismantling or treating WEEE.

    ", + "

    Vehicle and oily wastes

    ", + "

    The tables below list waste codes for common wastes produced by vehicle maintenance and dismantling activities.

    ", + "

    You can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.

    ", + "

    Vehicle fluids and other oils

    ", + "

    You must not mix any of the following fluids:

    ", + "
  • mineral oils
    • ", + "
  • cooking oils
    • ", + "
  • halogenated oils
    • ", + "
  • brake fluids
    • ", + "
  • anti-freeze
    • ", + "
  • washer fluids
    • ", + "
  • oily waters
    • ", + "

    Vehicle and other oils

    ", + " | Waste status | Contains PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) | Mineral-based and chlorinated | Mineral-based and non-chlorinated | Synthetic | Readily biodegradable | Other oils", + "Hydraulic oils | Hazardous | 13-01-01* | 13-01-09* | 13-01-10* | 13-01-11* | 13-01-12* | 13-01-13*", + "Engine, gear and lubricating oils | Hazardous | Not applicable | 13-02-04* | 13-02-05* | 13-02-06* | 13-02-07* | 13-02-08*", + "Insulating and transmission oils | Hazardous | 13-03-01* | 13-03-06* | 13-03-07* | 13-03-08* | 13-03-09* | 13-03-10*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Interceptor wastes

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Interceptor sludges | Hazardous | 13-05-03*", + "Oily water from interceptor | Hazardous | 13-05-07*", + "Solid waste from interceptor | Hazardous | 13-05-01*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Fuels, brake and anti-freeze fluids

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Fuel oil and diesel | Hazardous | 13-07-01*", + "Petrol | Hazardous | 13-07-02*", + "Other fuels, including mixed fuels from mis-fuelling | Hazardous | 13-07-03*", + "Brake fluids | Hazardous | 16-01-13*", + "Antifreeze containing hazardous substances | Hazardous | 16-01-14*", + "Antifreeze not containing hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 16-01-15", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Vehicles and their components

    ", + "

    The waste code for end-of-life (no longer usable) tyres is 16-01-03.

    ", + "

    Vehicles

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "End-of-life vehicles - un-depolluted | Hazardous | 16-01-04*", + "End-of-life vehicles - depolluted | Non-hazardous | 16-01-06", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Components, including oil filters

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Oil filters | Hazardous | 16-01-07*", + "Components containing mercury | Hazardous | 16-01-08*", + "Components containing PCBs | Hazardous | 16-01-09*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Air bags

    ", + "

    The waste code for explosive components (for example air bags) is 16-01-10*.

    ", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Brake pads

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Brake pads containing asbestos | Hazardous | 16-01-11*", + "Other brake pads | Non-hazardous | 16-01-12", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Car batteries

    ", + "

    The waste code for lead acid car batteries is 16-06-01*.

    ", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Catalytic converters

    ", + "

    The waste code for catalytic converters is 16 01 21*, or 16 01 22 for those that do not contain refractory ceramic fibres (RCF).

    ", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    End-of-life vehicle wastes

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Ferrous metal | Non-hazardous | 16-01-17", + "Non-ferrous metal | Non-hazardous | 16-01-18", + "Plastic | Non-hazardous | 16-01-19", + "Vehicle glass | Non-hazardous | 16-01-20", + "

    Contaminated materials

    ", + " | Waste status | Waste code", + "Clothing, absorbents or wiping cloths contaminated with hazardous substances | Hazardous | 15-02-02*", + "Clothing, absorbents or wiping clothes contaminated with non-hazardous substances | Non-hazardous | 15-02-03", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Healthcare and related wastes

    ", + "

    The tables below list waste codes for common healthcare and related wastes.

    ", + "

    You can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.

    ", + "

    Additional guidance

    ", + "

    Check the guide to the safe management of healthcare waste for additional information about classifying clinical and healthcare waste.

    ", + "

    Offensive waste

    ", + "

    \u2018Offensive waste\u2019 is non-clinical waste that\u2019s non-infectious and does not contain pharmaceutical or chemical substances, but may be unpleasant to anyone who comes into contact with it.

    ", + " | Examples | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare", + "Healthcare offensive waste | Outer dressings and protective clothing like masks, gowns and gloves that are not contaminated with body fluids, and sterilised laboratory waste | Non-hazardous | 18-01-04 | 18-02-03", + "Municipal offensive waste | Hygiene waste and sanitary protection like nappies and incontinence pads | Non-hazardous | 20-01-99 | 20-01-99", + "

    You must segregate healthcare offensive waste from both clinical and mixed municipal wastes.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve produced more than 7kg of municipal offensive waste, or have more than one bag in a collection period, you must segregate it from any mixed municipal waste.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve produced less, you can dispose of your municipal offensive waste in your mixed municipal waste (\u2018black bag\u2019). Use classification code 20-03-01.

    ", + "

    Plaster and similar wastes

    ", + "

    Most plaster waste is non-infectious.

    ", + "

    It should be kept separately from any plaster waste that\u2019s infectious, which must be placed in the bagged infectious clinical waste stream.

    ", + " | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare", + "Plaster and similar wastes, for example from dentistry and fracture clinics | Non-hazardous | 18-01-04 | 18-02-03", + "

    Waste medicines

    ", + "

    A medicine is considered to be cytotoxic or cytostatic for waste classification purposes if it\u2019s any of the following:

    ", + "
  • acutely toxic
    • ", + "
  • carcinogenic
    • ", + "
  • mutagenic
    • ", + "
  • toxic for reproduction
    • ", + " | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare", + "Cytotoxic and cytostatic medicines | Hazardous | 18-01-08* | 18-02-07*", + "Other medicines | Non-hazardous | 18-01-09 | 18-02-08", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Household medicines returned to a community pharmacy should be coded as follows:

    ", + "
  • cytotoxic and cytostatic medicines: 20-01-31*
    • ", + "
  • other medicines: 20-01-32
    • ", + "

    Sharps and related waste

    ", + " | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare", + "Cytotoxic and cytostatic contaminated | Hazardous | 18-01-08* and 18-01-03* | 18-02-07* and 18-02-02*", + "Other medicinally contaminated | Hazardous | 18-01-03* and 18-01-09 | 18-02-02* and 18-02-08", + "Non-medicinally contaminated | Hazardous | 18-01-03* | 18-02-02*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Anatomical waste

    ", + " | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare", + "Not chemically preserved - infectious | Hazardous | 18-01-03* | 18-02-02*", + "Not chemically preserved - non-infectious | Non-hazardous | 18-01-02 | 18-02-03", + "Chemically preserved - infectious or non-infectious | Hazardous | 18-01-06* and 18-01-02*/03 | 18-02-05* and 18-02-02*/03", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Bagged clinical waste

    ", + "

    You must only put waste items that are both infectious and chemically contaminated (for example some samples and diagnostic kits) in the yellow bag waste stream.

    ", + " | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare", + "Infectious clinical waste (no chemicals or pharmaceuticals) - orange bag | Hazardous | 18-01-03* | 18-02-02*", + "Infectious clinical waste - yellow bag | Hazardous | 18-01-03* and 18-01-06* | 18-02-02* and 18-02-05*", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Laboratory chemicals and photochemicals

    ", + "

    You must classify photochemicals and film, including X-ray related products, with codes from chapter 9 of the waste code section in the technical guidance on waste.

    ", + " | Waste status | Human healthcare | Animal healthcare", + "Other chemicals - hazardous | Hazardous | 18-01-06* | 18-02-05*", + "Other chemicals - non-hazardous | Non-hazardous | 18-01-07 | 18-02-06", + "

    (*) An asterisk at the end of a code means the waste is hazardous.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/contaminated-land": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contaminated-land", + "title": "Contaminated land", + "content": "## Overview\n\nLand can be contaminated by things like:\n\n- heavy metals, such as arsenic, cadmium and lead\n\n- oils and tars\n\n- chemical substances and preparations, like solvents\n\n- gases\n\n- asbestos\n\n- radioactive substances\n\n## What counts as contaminated land\n\nLand is legally defined as \u2018contaminated land\u2019 where substances are causing or could cause:\n\n- significant harm to people, property or protected species\n\n- significant pollution of surface waters (for example lakes and rivers) or groundwater\n\n- harm to people as a result of radioactivity\n\nContaminated land may previously have been used as a:\n\n- factory\n\n- mine\n\n- steel mill\n\n- refinery\n\n- landfill\n\n## Special sites\n\nSome types of contaminated land are classed as \u2018special sites\u2019. This includes land that:\n\n- seriously affects drinking waters, surface waters or important groundwater sources\n\n- has been, or is being, used for certain industrial activities, such as oil refining or making explosives\n\n- is being or has been regulated using a permit issued under the integrated pollution control or pollution prevention and control regimes\n\n- has been used to get rid of waste acid tars\n\n- is owned or occupied by the Ministry of Defence\n\n- is contaminated by radioactivity\n\n- is a nuclear site\n\nThe Environment Agency has technical guidance on special sites.\n\nOnce a local council has decided that an area is a special site, it is regulated by:\n\n- the Environment Agency in England\n\n- Natural Resources Wales in Wales\n\n- the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) in Scotland\n\n## Who decides if land is contaminated\n\nYour local council or an environment agency will decide if your land is contaminated.\n\nYour land could be investigated for a number of reasons, including when:\n\n- land is sold, let, used or otherwise transferred\n\n- land is proposed for development\n\n- local councils inspect land in their area\n\n- an application is made for an environmental permit or other licence\n\n- land is polluted\n\nContact your local council if you believe your land is contaminated.\n\n## Dealing with contamination\n\nThe rules for who\u2019s responsible for contamination and how to deal with it depend on whether the land is legally considered \u2018contaminated land\u2019.\n\n## If the land counts as contaminated land\n\nIf the land is legally considered \u2018contaminated land\u2019, the person who caused or allowed the contamination to happen is responsible for dealing with it, unless:\n\n- they can\u2019t be identified\n\n- the local council or environment agency investigating the issue decides they\u2019re exempt\n\nThe council or agency will then decide who\u2019s responsible for dealing with it instead. This may be the landowner, or the person who uses the land.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe council or agency will:\n\n- decide how the land should be dealt with\n\n- ask the responsible person to deal with the contamination\n\n- tell them how they should take care of it (clean it up or fence it off, for example)\n\nIf the person doesn\u2019t deal with the contamination, the council or agency will send a \u2018remediation notice\u2019, telling them when they must take care of it by.\n\nYou can agree a voluntary scheme with the council or agency if you\u2019re responsible for part or all of the clean up. You must tell them what steps you\u2019ll take to clean up the land.\n\n## If the land doesn\u2019t count as contaminated land\n\nIf the land isn\u2019t legally considered \u2018contaminated land\u2019, you could be responsible for dealing with the contamination if you\u2019re:\n\n- responsible for causing it\n\n- the landowner\n\nYou may face legal action if you don\u2019t deal with contamination that you\u2019re responsible for. Find out how to manage contamination on your land.\n\n## If you\u2019re developing the land\n\nYou\u2019ll have to deal with the contamination either:\n\n- before you get planning permission\n\n- as part of the development\n\nContact your local council to check what you must do to make sure the land is suitable for your proposed development.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Land can be contaminated by things like:

    ", + "
  • heavy metals, such as arsenic, cadmium and lead
    • ", + "
  • oils and tars
    • ", + "
  • chemical substances and preparations, like solvents
    • ", + "
  • gases
    • ", + "
  • asbestos
    • ", + "
  • radioactive substances
    • ", + "

    What counts as contaminated land

    ", + "

    Land is legally defined as \u2018contaminated land\u2019 where substances are causing or could cause:

    ", + "
  • significant harm to people, property or protected species
    • ", + "
  • significant pollution of surface waters (for example lakes and rivers) or groundwater
    • ", + "
  • harm to people as a result of radioactivity
    • ", + "

    Contaminated land may previously have been used as a:

    ", + "
  • factory
    • ", + "
  • mine
    • ", + "
  • steel mill
    • ", + "
  • refinery
    • ", + "
  • landfill
    • ", + "

    Special sites

    ", + "

    Some types of contaminated land are classed as \u2018special sites\u2019. This includes land that:

    ", + "
  • seriously affects drinking waters, surface waters or important groundwater sources
    • ", + "
  • has been, or is being, used for certain industrial activities, such as oil refining or making explosives
    • ", + "
  • is being or has been regulated using a permit issued under the integrated pollution control or pollution prevention and control regimes
    • ", + "
  • has been used to get rid of waste acid tars
    • ", + "
  • is owned or occupied by the Ministry of Defence
    • ", + "
  • is contaminated by radioactivity
    • ", + "
  • is a nuclear site
    • ", + "

    The Environment Agency has technical guidance on special sites.

    ", + "

    Once a local council has decided that an area is a special site, it is regulated by:

    ", + "
  • the Environment Agency in England
    • ", + "
  • Natural Resources Wales in Wales
    • ", + "
  • the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Who decides if land is contaminated

    ", + "

    Your local council or an environment agency will decide if your land is contaminated.

    ", + "

    Your land could be investigated for a number of reasons, including when:

    ", + "
  • land is sold, let, used or otherwise transferred
    • ", + "
  • land is proposed for development
    • ", + "
  • local councils inspect land in their area
    • ", + "
  • an application is made for an environmental permit or other licence
    • ", + "
  • land is polluted
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council if you believe your land is contaminated.

    ", + "

    Dealing with contamination

    ", + "

    The rules for who\u2019s responsible for contamination and how to deal with it depend on whether the land is legally considered \u2018contaminated land\u2019.

    ", + "

    If the land counts as contaminated land

    ", + "

    If the land is legally considered \u2018contaminated land\u2019, the person who caused or allowed the contamination to happen is responsible for dealing with it, unless:

    ", + "
  • they can\u2019t be identified
    • ", + "
  • the local council or environment agency investigating the issue decides they\u2019re exempt
    • ", + "

    The council or agency will then decide who\u2019s responsible for dealing with it instead. This may be the landowner, or the person who uses the land.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The council or agency will:

    ", + "
  • decide how the land should be dealt with
    • ", + "
  • ask the responsible person to deal with the contamination
    • ", + "
  • tell them how they should take care of it (clean it up or fence it off, for example)
    • ", + "

    If the person doesn\u2019t deal with the contamination, the council or agency will send a \u2018remediation notice\u2019, telling them when they must take care of it by.

    ", + "

    You can agree a voluntary scheme with the council or agency if you\u2019re responsible for part or all of the clean up. You must tell them what steps you\u2019ll take to clean up the land.

    ", + "

    If the land doesn\u2019t count as contaminated land

    ", + "

    If the land isn\u2019t legally considered \u2018contaminated land\u2019, you could be responsible for dealing with the contamination if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • responsible for causing it
    • ", + "
  • the landowner
    • ", + "

    You may face legal action if you don\u2019t deal with contamination that you\u2019re responsible for. Find out how to manage contamination on your land.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re developing the land

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to deal with the contamination either:

    ", + "
  • before you get planning permission
    • ", + "
  • as part of the development
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council to check what you must do to make sure the land is suitable for your proposed development.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/managing-your-waste-an-overview": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/managing-your-waste-an-overview", + "title": "Dispose of business or commercial waste", + "content": "## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must:\n\n- keep waste to a minimum by doing everything you reasonably can to prevent, reuse, recycle or recover waste (in that order) - get help to do this\n\n- sort and store waste safely and securely\n\n- complete a waste transfer note for each load of waste that leaves your premises\n\n- check if your waste carrier is registered to dispose of waste\n\n- not allow the waste carrier to dispose of your waste illegally (and report them to Crimestoppers if they do)\n\nYou have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re dealing with hazardous waste.\n\n## What counts as business waste\n\nAny waste that comes from a commercial activity is business waste. If you use part of your home to run your business then any waste from that part is business waste.\n\nBusiness waste also includes any waste that comes from:\n\n- construction\n\n- demolition\n\n- industry\n\n- agriculture\n\nCheck what you need to do in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## Disposing of your own waste\n\nYou must register as a waste carrier if you want to dispose of your own waste regularly. Apply to register in:\n\n- England\n\n- Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nDepending on what you\u2019re doing, you may also need to apply for a waste permit.\n\n## Moving waste between countries\n\nYou cannot move waste between countries for disposal, for example to send it to landfill. You can usually only import or export waste to recover it, such as using waste to produce energy.\n\nRead the guide on waste imports and exports.\n\n## Sorting and storing waste\n\nYou must store waste safely and securely. To do this:\n\n- store waste in a secure place\n\n- use suitable containers that will stop waste escaping\n\n- label containers clearly with the type of waste they contain\n\n- use covers to stop waste blowing away\n\n- use waterproof covers if rain could cause contaminated run-off or prevent the waste from being reused\n\nYou have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re storing hazardous waste.\n\nStore different types of waste separately, so that:\n\n- they do not contaminate each other\n\n- they can be reused more easily\n\n- you can complete the waste transfer note correctly\n\n## Waste transfer notes\n\nFor each load of non-hazardous waste you move off your premises, you need a waste transfer note or a document with the same information, such as an invoice.\n\nRegister online to:\n\n- fill in a waste transfer note for a single load of waste\n\n- create a season ticket for a series of loads\n\nOr download a waste transfer note to fill in and sign on paper.\n\nYour business and the business taking your waste both need to:\n\n- Fill in the sections of the waste transfer note that apply to you.\n\n- Sign it.\n\n- Keep a copy for 2 years.\n\n- Show it to an enforcement officer from your local council or the Environment Agency if asked.\n\nYou must include enough information to help the business taking your waste to handle and dispose of it safely.\n\n## Contacts\n\nContact the organisation in your region if you have any questions about business and commercial waste.\n\n## England\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\n## Northern Ireland", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • keep waste to a minimum by doing everything you reasonably can to prevent, reuse, recycle or recover waste (in that order) - get help to do this
    • ", + "
  • sort and store waste safely and securely
    • ", + "
  • complete a waste transfer note for each load of waste that leaves your premises
    • ", + "
  • check if your waste carrier is registered to dispose of waste
    • ", + "
  • not allow the waste carrier to dispose of your waste illegally (and report them to Crimestoppers if they do)
    • ", + "

    You have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re dealing with hazardous waste.

    ", + "

    What counts as business waste

    ", + "

    Any waste that comes from a commercial activity is business waste. If you use part of your home to run your business then any waste from that part is business waste.

    ", + "

    Business waste also includes any waste that comes from:

    ", + "
  • construction
    • ", + "
  • demolition
    • ", + "
  • industry
    • ", + "
  • agriculture
    • ", + "

    Check what you need to do in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    Disposing of your own waste

    ", + "

    You must register as a waste carrier if you want to dispose of your own waste regularly. Apply to register in:

    ", + "
  • England
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Depending on what you\u2019re doing, you may also need to apply for a waste permit.

    ", + "

    Moving waste between countries

    ", + "

    You cannot move waste between countries for disposal, for example to send it to landfill. You can usually only import or export waste to recover it, such as using waste to produce energy.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on waste imports and exports.

    ", + "

    Sorting and storing waste

    ", + "

    You must store waste safely and securely. To do this:

    ", + "
  • store waste in a secure place
    • ", + "
  • use suitable containers that will stop waste escaping
    • ", + "
  • label containers clearly with the type of waste they contain
    • ", + "
  • use covers to stop waste blowing away
    • ", + "
  • use waterproof covers if rain could cause contaminated run-off or prevent the waste from being reused
    • ", + "

    You have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re storing hazardous waste.

    ", + "

    Store different types of waste separately, so that:

    ", + "
  • they do not contaminate each other
    • ", + "
  • they can be reused more easily
    • ", + "
  • you can complete the waste transfer note correctly
    • ", + "

    Waste transfer notes

    ", + "

    For each load of non-hazardous waste you move off your premises, you need a waste transfer note or a document with the same information, such as an invoice.

    ", + "

    Register online to:

    ", + "
  • fill in a waste transfer note for a single load of waste
    • ", + "
  • create a season ticket for a series of loads
    • ", + "

    Or download a waste transfer note to fill in and sign on paper.

    ", + "

    Your business and the business taking your waste both need to:

    ", + "
  • Fill in the sections of the waste transfer note that apply to you.
    • ", + "
  • Sign it.
    • ", + "
  • Keep a copy for 2 years.
    • ", + "
  • Show it to an enforcement officer from your local council or the Environment Agency if asked.
    • ", + "

    You must include enough information to help the business taking your waste to handle and dispose of it safely.

    ", + "

    Contacts

    ", + "

    Contact the organisation in your region if you have any questions about business and commercial waste.

    ", + "

    England

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    Wales

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/green-taxes-and-reliefs": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-taxes-and-reliefs", + "title": "Environmental taxes, reliefs and schemes for businesses", + "content": "## Overview\n\nEnvironmental taxes encourage your business to operate in a more environmentally friendly way. There are taxes and schemes for different types and size of business.\n\nYou may get reliefs or be exempt from some taxes, for example if:\n\n- you use a lot of energy because of the nature of your business\n\n- you\u2019re a small business that does not use much energy\n\n- you buy energy-efficient technology for your business\n\nYou can pay less tax by applying for schemes to help you demonstrate that you\u2019re operating more efficiently and producing waste that\u2019s less damaging.\n\n## Climate Change Levy\n\nClimate Change Levy (CCL) is paid at either the:\n\n- main rates\n\n- carbon price support (CPS) rates\n\n## Main rates\n\nYou pay CCL at the main rate on:\n\n- electricity\n\n- gas\n\n- solid fuels - like coal, lignite, coke and petroleum coke\n\nThe CCL main rates are listed on your business\u2019s energy bill.\n\nThere\u2019s more detailed information on Climate Change Levy rates and allowances.\n\n## Who it applies to\n\nYou pay the main rates of CCL if your business is in one of the following sectors:\n\n- industrial\n\n- commercial\n\n- agricultural\n\n- public services\n\nYou do not pay the main rate of CCL on certain supplies, for example if you\u2019re a:\n\n- business that uses small amounts of energy\n\n- domestic energy user\n\n- charity engaged in non-commercial activities\n\n## Fuels that are exempt\n\nElectricity, gas and solid fuel are normally exempt from the main rates of CCL if any of the following apply:\n\n- they will not be used in the UK\n\n- they\u2019re supplied to or from certain combined heat and power (CHP) schemes registered under the CHP quality assurance (CHPQA) programme\n\n- the electricity was generated from renewable sources before 1 August 2015\n\n- they\u2019re used to produce electricity in a generating station which has a capacity of 2MW or greater\n\n- they will not be used as fuel\n\n- they\u2019re used in certain forms of transport\n\nThere are other exemptions and reliefs.\n\n## Pay a reduced rate\n\nYou can get a reduction on the main rates of CCL if you\u2019re an energy intensive business and have entered into a climate change agreement (CCA) with the Environment Agency.\n\nEnergy intensive businesses can get a 90% reduction for electricity and a 65% reduction for gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), coal and other solid fuel.\n\nCheck if your business is eligible. Your industry trade association can also give advice.\n\n## Carbon price support rates\n\nThe CPS rates of CCL encourage industry to use low carbon technology for producing electricity.\n\nYou pay CPS rates for:\n\n- gas\n\n- LPG\n\n- coal and other solid fossil fuels\n\n## Who pays CPS rates\n\nThe CPS rates of CCL are paid by owners of electricity generating stations and operators of combined heat and power (CHP) stations.\n\nCertain suppliers do not have to pay CPS rates. These include small generators, stand-by generators and generating stations in Northern Ireland.\n\n## CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme\n\nThe CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme (formerly known as the \u2018Carbon Reduction Commitment\u2019) covers large, non-energy-intensive organisations, for example:\n\n- supermarkets\n\n- hotels\n\n- water companies\n\n- banks\n\n- local authorities, including state-funded schools\n\n- all central government departments\n\n## How it works\n\nYou should already be registered if your business qualifies for the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme. You must now:\n\n- monitor and report your CO2 emissions from gas and electricity use\n\n- buy enough allowances to cover your annual emissions and surrender them at the end of the year\n\n## If you need more help\n\nThere\u2019s more detailed guidance on the scheme if you\u2019re in England or Wales.\n\n## Emissions trading\n\nThe EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) affects businesses from energy-intensive sectors - like the energy industry and certain manufacturers.\n\nIt lets you buy and sell greenhouse gas emission allowances to reduce your organisation\u2019s environmental impact.\n\nLarge organisations not covered by the EU ETS are covered by another scheme called the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme.\n\n## How it works\n\nIf your business is covered by the EU ETS you must meet targets by:\n\n- cutting your business emissions\n\n- trading emissions allowances\n\nYou\u2019ll need to open an EU Registry account so you can trade allowances. You can then trade allowances by:\n\n- trading directly with other businesses\n\n- buying or selling from intermediaries, for example banks and specialist traders\n\n- using the services of a broker\n\n- joining one of the several exchanges that list carbon allowance products\n\n- bidding at UK government or other EU member state auctions\n\n## Calculate your greenhouse gas emissions\n\nWork out your greenhouse gas emissions by multiplying the amount of energy you use by the (emissions they produce). You need to do this for each type of energy you use.\n\nTo do this, you need to know:\n\n- how much non-renewable energy you\u2019ve used - this information can be found on your gas, electricity and water bills, invoices and receipts\n\n- the greenhouse gases produced by each type of energy (the \u2018emission factor\u2019) - these are updated every year\n\nYou can calculate your carbon emissions online.\n\n## Capital allowances on energy-efficient items\n\nYou can claim capital allowances when you buy energy efficient, or low or zero-carbon technology for your business. This reduces the amount of tax you pay.\n\n## Landfill Tax\n\nYou pay tax on top of your normal landfill fees if your business gets rid of waste using landfill sites.\n\nIf you get rid of waste at sites not authorised for landfill, you\u2019ll be charged Landfill Tax. You may also have to pay a penalty or be taken to court.\n\n## Landfill operators - what you must do\n\nYou need to:\n\n- get a permit\n\n- register within 30 days of setting up - if you do not you can be fined\n\n## What to pay\n\nThe tax is charged by weight. There are 2 rates. You pay the lower rate on \u2018inactive waste\u2019 - for example rocks or soil.\n\n| Rate | Amount you pay |\n\n| Lower rate | \u00a33.10 per tonne |\n\n| Standard rate | \u00a396.70 per tonne |\n\n## Loss on Ignition (LOI) testing regime\n\nIf your landfill site accepts waste fines, you may need to carry out a loss on ignition test to help determine the rate of tax to pay.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not have to pay Landfill Tax on:\n\n- dredging activities\n\n- quarrying and mining\n\n- pet cemeteries\n\n- inactive waste used for filling quarries\n\nYou can get tax credits if you send waste from landfill to be recycled, incinerated or reused.\n\n## Aggregates Levy\n\nThis is a tax on sand, gravel and rock that\u2019s either been:\n\n- dug from the ground\n\n- dredged from the sea in UK waters\n\n- imported\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou must register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your business exploits aggregate in the UK, for example if you\u2019re a quarry operator.\n\nEvery quarter, you must tell HMRC how much aggregate you\u2019ve produced or sold.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nYou pay tax of \u00a32 per tonne of sand, gravel or rock. You pay less on smaller amounts, for example \u00a31 on half a tonne. You still pay tax if you import the materials.\n\n## Reliefs\n\nYou can get tax relief if you export aggregates or use them in some industrial or agricultural processes. If you do not use the material as aggregate it may be eligible for relief.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nCertain materials are excluded from the tax, for example soil, vegetable or other organic matter.\n\n## If you need more help\n\nThere\u2019s more detailed guidance on Aggregates Levy or you can contact the helpline.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Environmental taxes encourage your business to operate in a more environmentally friendly way. There are taxes and schemes for different types and size of business.

    ", + "

    You may get reliefs or be exempt from some taxes, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you use a lot of energy because of the nature of your business
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a small business that does not use much energy
    • ", + "
  • you buy energy-efficient technology for your business
    • ", + "

    You can pay less tax by applying for schemes to help you demonstrate that you\u2019re operating more efficiently and producing waste that\u2019s less damaging.

    ", + "

    Climate Change Levy

    ", + "

    Climate Change Levy (CCL) is paid at either the:

    ", + "
  • main rates
    • ", + "
  • carbon price support (CPS) rates
    • ", + "

    Main rates

    ", + "

    You pay CCL at the main rate on:

    ", + "
  • electricity
    • ", + "
  • gas
    • ", + "
  • solid fuels - like coal, lignite, coke and petroleum coke
    • ", + "

    The CCL main rates are listed on your business\u2019s energy bill.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detailed information on Climate Change Levy rates and allowances.

    ", + "

    Who it applies to

    ", + "

    You pay the main rates of CCL if your business is in one of the following sectors:

    ", + "
  • industrial
    • ", + "
  • commercial
    • ", + "
  • agricultural
    • ", + "
  • public services
    • ", + "

    You do not pay the main rate of CCL on certain supplies, for example if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • business that uses small amounts of energy
    • ", + "
  • domestic energy user
    • ", + "
  • charity engaged in non-commercial activities
    • ", + "

    Fuels that are exempt

    ", + "

    Electricity, gas and solid fuel are normally exempt from the main rates of CCL if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they will not be used in the UK
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re supplied to or from certain combined heat and power (CHP) schemes registered under the CHP quality assurance (CHPQA) programme
    • ", + "
  • the electricity was generated from renewable sources before 1 August 2015
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re used to produce electricity in a generating station which has a capacity of 2MW or greater
    • ", + "
  • they will not be used as fuel
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re used in certain forms of transport
    • ", + "

    There are other exemptions and reliefs.

    ", + "

    Pay a reduced rate

    ", + "

    You can get a reduction on the main rates of CCL if you\u2019re an energy intensive business and have entered into a climate change agreement (CCA) with the Environment Agency.

    ", + "

    Energy intensive businesses can get a 90% reduction for electricity and a 65% reduction for gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), coal and other solid fuel.

    ", + "

    Check if your business is eligible. Your industry trade association can also give advice.

    ", + "

    Carbon price support rates

    ", + "

    The CPS rates of CCL encourage industry to use low carbon technology for producing electricity.

    ", + "

    You pay CPS rates for:

    ", + "
  • gas
    • ", + "
  • LPG
    • ", + "
  • coal and other solid fossil fuels
    • ", + "

    Who pays CPS rates

    ", + "

    The CPS rates of CCL are paid by owners of electricity generating stations and operators of combined heat and power (CHP) stations.

    ", + "

    Certain suppliers do not have to pay CPS rates. These include small generators, stand-by generators and generating stations in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme

    ", + "

    The CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme (formerly known as the \u2018Carbon Reduction Commitment\u2019) covers large, non-energy-intensive organisations, for example:

    ", + "
  • supermarkets
    • ", + "
  • hotels
    • ", + "
  • water companies
    • ", + "
  • banks
    • ", + "
  • local authorities, including state-funded schools
    • ", + "
  • all central government departments
    • ", + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You should already be registered if your business qualifies for the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme. You must now:

    ", + "
  • monitor and report your CO2 emissions from gas and electricity use
    • ", + "
  • buy enough allowances to cover your annual emissions and surrender them at the end of the year
    • ", + "

    If you need more help

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detailed guidance on the scheme if you\u2019re in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Emissions trading

    ", + "

    The EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) affects businesses from energy-intensive sectors - like the energy industry and certain manufacturers.

    ", + "

    It lets you buy and sell greenhouse gas emission allowances to reduce your organisation\u2019s environmental impact.

    ", + "

    Large organisations not covered by the EU ETS are covered by another scheme called the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme.

    ", + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    If your business is covered by the EU ETS you must meet targets by:

    ", + "
  • cutting your business emissions
    • ", + "
  • trading emissions allowances
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to open an EU Registry account so you can trade allowances. You can then trade allowances by:

    ", + "
  • trading directly with other businesses
    • ", + "
  • buying or selling from intermediaries, for example banks and specialist traders
    • ", + "
  • using the services of a broker
    • ", + "
  • joining one of the several exchanges that list carbon allowance products
    • ", + "
  • bidding at UK government or other EU member state auctions
    • ", + "

    Calculate your greenhouse gas emissions

    ", + "

    Work out your greenhouse gas emissions by multiplying the amount of energy you use by the (emissions they produce). You need to do this for each type of energy you use.

    ", + "

    To do this, you need to know:

    ", + "
  • how much non-renewable energy you\u2019ve used - this information can be found on your gas, electricity and water bills, invoices and receipts
    • ", + "
  • the greenhouse gases produced by each type of energy (the \u2018emission factor\u2019) - these are updated every year
    • ", + "

    You can calculate your carbon emissions online.

    ", + "

    Capital allowances on energy-efficient items

    ", + "

    You can claim capital allowances when you buy energy efficient, or low or zero-carbon technology for your business. This reduces the amount of tax you pay.

    ", + "

    Landfill Tax

    ", + "

    You pay tax on top of your normal landfill fees if your business gets rid of waste using landfill sites.

    ", + "

    If you get rid of waste at sites not authorised for landfill, you\u2019ll be charged Landfill Tax. You may also have to pay a penalty or be taken to court.

    ", + "

    Landfill operators - what you must do

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • get a permit
    • ", + "
  • register within 30 days of setting up - if you do not you can be fined
    • ", + "

    What to pay

    ", + "

    The tax is charged by weight. There are 2 rates. You pay the lower rate on \u2018inactive waste\u2019 - for example rocks or soil.

    ", + "Rate | Amount you pay", + "Lower rate | \u00a33.10 per tonne", + "Standard rate | \u00a396.70 per tonne", + "

    Loss on Ignition (LOI) testing regime

    ", + "

    If your landfill site accepts waste fines, you may need to carry out a loss on ignition test to help determine the rate of tax to pay.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay Landfill Tax on:

    ", + "
  • dredging activities
    • ", + "
  • quarrying and mining
    • ", + "
  • pet cemeteries
    • ", + "
  • inactive waste used for filling quarries
    • ", + "

    You can get tax credits if you send waste from landfill to be recycled, incinerated or reused.

    ", + "

    Aggregates Levy

    ", + "

    This is a tax on sand, gravel and rock that\u2019s either been:

    ", + "
  • dug from the ground
    • ", + "
  • dredged from the sea in UK waters
    • ", + "
  • imported
    • ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You must register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your business exploits aggregate in the UK, for example if you\u2019re a quarry operator.

    ", + "

    Every quarter, you must tell HMRC how much aggregate you\u2019ve produced or sold.

    ", + "

    How much you pay

    ", + "

    You pay tax of \u00a32 per tonne of sand, gravel or rock. You pay less on smaller amounts, for example \u00a31 on half a tonne. You still pay tax if you import the materials.

    ", + "

    Reliefs

    ", + "

    You can get tax relief if you export aggregates or use them in some industrial or agricultural processes. If you do not use the material as aggregate it may be eligible for relief.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    Certain materials are excluded from the tax, for example soil, vegetable or other organic matter.

    ", + "

    If you need more help

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detailed guidance on Aggregates Levy or you can contact the helpline.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures", + "title": "Green Deal: energy saving for your home", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe Green Deal helps you make energy-saving improvements to your home and to find the best way to pay for them.\n\nThe improvements that could save you the most energy depend on your home, but typical examples include:\n\n- insulation, such as solid wall, cavity wall or loft insulation\n\n- heating\n\n- draught-proofing\n\n- double glazing\n\n- renewable energy generation, such as solar panels or heat pumps\n\n## If you need help paying for home improvements\n\nYou may be able to get a loan through the Green Deal, but you\u2019ll have to pay this back.\n\n## Find out if your home will benefit\n\nThere are various ways to check if your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements:\n\n- use the Energy Efficiency Calculator to find out how you can reduce your energy bills\n\n- check which home energy grants you might be able to apply for\n\n- talk to a Green Deal assessor or provider\n\nThe Green Deal may be right for you if you think your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements.\n\nYou can also talk to Simple Energy Advice if you\u2019re in England or Wales, or Home Energy Scotland if you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nFind out about call charges\n\nThe Green Deal is not available in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Green Deal mark\n\nAll Green Deal organisations must be authorised. Look for the quality mark, which is a green house with a tick on the roof.\n\nYou can also check if a Green Deal company is genuine.\n\n## Improvements and benefits to your home\n\nAny household with an electricity meter (including prepayment meters) in England, Scotland or Wales can use the scheme.\n\nBoth the landlord and the tenant must agree to the improvements if the building is rented.\n\n## Eligible improvements\n\nYou can use the Green Deal for a range of different energy saving measures including:\n\n- replacing windows and doors\n\n- installing secondary glazing\n\n- using energy efficient lighting\n\n- insulating your loft or walls\n\n- adding draught proofing\n\n- upgrading your heating\n\n- generating renewable energy from sources such as wind or solar power\n\nBut only if your Green Deal assessment recommends them.\n\n## Get an assessment\n\nYou must get your property assessed to use the Green Deal. Contact a Green Deal assessor or ask a Green Deal provider to find an assessor for you.\n\nYou may have to pay for an assessment. The assessor must tell you the fee in advance.\n\n## What to expect from an assessment\n\nA Green Deal assessor will visit your home, talk to you about your property and your energy use and help you decide if you could benefit from Green Deal improvements.\n\n## When you book\n\nYou may be asked if:\n\n- you own or rent the property\n\n- your home is a listed building, in a conservation area, built before 1900 or constructed in a non-traditional way\n\n- there are access issues, such as access to your loft\n\n- you can provide bills showing your recent energy use\n\n## When the assessor visits\n\nYou may be asked:\n\n- how many people live in your home\n\n- what type of heating and appliances you use\n\n- how often you use your heating\n\n- what energy-saving measures are already installed\n\n## After the visit\n\nYou\u2019ll get a document, called a Green Deal advice report, that contains:\n\n- an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) that rates your home for energy efficiency\n\n- an occupancy assessment that measures how much energy you and other occupiers are using\n\n- improvements your assessor recommends\n\n- an estimate of the money you could save on your annual energy bills\n\n- a statement on whether the improvements will pay for themselves through reduced energy costs\n\nA Green Deal advice report is valid for 10 years, or until you make changes or energy saving improvements to the property, for example you build an extension or change the windows.\n\nThe actual savings will depend on how much energy you use and the future cost of energy.\n\n## What to do next\n\nYou decide:\n\n- if you want to get the work done\n\n- how you want to pay\n\n## Getting the work done\n\nHow you decide to get the work done will affect your options for how you pay for the work.\n\nAfter you get a Green Deal advice report, you can:\n\n- ask a Green Deal provider to arrange installation and pay for the work yourself\n\n- ask a Green Deal provider to arrange installation and a Green Deal finance plan to pay for the work\n\n- get your own installers to fit the improvements and pay for them yourself\n\n- pay for the work in more than one way, like using a Green Deal finance plan or money of your own\n\nSome companies provide all the services for a Green Deal package - assessment, finance and installation. You can choose to use a different company for each service.\n\n## Get a quote\n\nGive a provider or installer your Green Deal advice report.\n\nProviders will give you a quote and arrange the installers for you. Installers will quote to do the work themselves. A quote from a provider will include the repayment terms if you\u2019re paying with a finance plan.\n\nYou can get more than one quote and you can choose which improvements you want.\n\nYou can ask the provider or installer if you or your property qualify to combine the Green Deal with these other schemes:\n\n- Affordable Warmth Obligation - help from your energy company to improve your home if you\u2019re on certain benefits or a low income, or for certain hard-to-treat properties\n\n- Feed-in Tariffs - payments from your energy provider if you generate your own electricity (such as through solar panels or a wind turbine)\n\n- Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) - payments for generation and use of renewable energy to heat buildings\n\n- any scheme run by your Local Authority - contact your Local Authority for information\n\n## Agree the work\n\nPick the provider or installer you want to do the work.\n\nThe provider will write you a contract called a Green Deal finance plan if you choose to pay with Green Deal finance. The plan will contain:\n\n- an outline of the work that will be done\n\n- any financial help you can get from other schemes\n\n- the repayments and interest rate\n\n- information on other incentives you can access, such as Feed-in Tarrifs\n\n- information on warranties and guarantees\n\nYour Green Deal repayments will be automatically added to your electricity bill if you have chosen to take Green Deal finance.\n\n## Complaints\n\nYou can complain about your Green Deal.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay in advance, get a Green Deal finance plan, or use other schemes to fund the work. You can also combine ways to pay.\n\n## Getting a Green Deal finance plan\n\nFinance plans are offered by approved Green Deal providers.\n\nGive your Green Deal assessment to providers you want to get a quote from.\n\nYour provider will find an installer for you.\n\nYou can only get a finance plan for improvements recommended in your Green Deal assessment.\n\nEach provider must tell you:\n\n- how much you\u2019ll pay back\n\n- how long you\u2019ll pay for\n\n## What you can borrow and how much you\u2019ll pay\n\nYou can get finance for an amount based on what you\u2019ll be expected to save on your energy bills.\n\nThe annual repayments on the loan should not be more than the savings you might make on your energy bills.\n\nThere\u2019s no set interest rate. Your interest rate will be determined by the amount of your finance plan. Check with your provider for rates and fees.\n\nThe interest rate is fixed for the full term of the plan so your repayments will be fixed.\n\n## How you pay\n\nYou pay back the loan through a charge added to your electricity bill. If you have a prepayment meter, a small amount will be taken from the meter each day.\n\nThis is because the Green Deal stays with the property. If you move, you no longer benefit from the improvements and therefore stop paying for them.\n\nYou can pay off your Green Deal early, but you might be charged a fee - check with your provider.\n\n## Moving into a property with a Green Deal\n\nIf you move into a property with a Green Deal, the landlord or seller must show you a copy of the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC). This will explain what improvements have been made and how much you\u2019ll need to repay.\n\nThe person who pays the electricity bill pays the money back.\n\nYou can change electricity supplier if the new supplier is participating in the Green Deal.\n\n## Get more information\n\nContact the Green Deal provider if you have specific questions about the improvements, warranties or repayments.\n\nYou can get general information from Simple Energy Advice if you\u2019re in England or Wales, or Home Energy Scotland if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\nFind out about call charges", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The Green Deal helps you make energy-saving improvements to your home and to find the best way to pay for them.

    ", + "

    The improvements that could save you the most energy depend on your home, but typical examples include:

    ", + "
  • insulation, such as solid wall, cavity wall or loft insulation
    • ", + "
  • heating
    • ", + "
  • draught-proofing
    • ", + "
  • double glazing
    • ", + "
  • renewable energy generation, such as solar panels or heat pumps
    • ", + "

    If you need help paying for home improvements

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a loan through the Green Deal, but you\u2019ll have to pay this back.

    ", + "

    Find out if your home will benefit

    ", + "

    There are various ways to check if your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements:

    ", + "
  • use the Energy Efficiency Calculator to find out how you can reduce your energy bills
    • ", + "
  • check which home energy grants you might be able to apply for
    • ", + "
  • talk to a Green Deal assessor or provider
    • ", + "

    The Green Deal may be right for you if you think your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements.

    ", + "

    You can also talk to Simple Energy Advice if you\u2019re in England or Wales, or Home Energy Scotland if you\u2019re in Scotland

    ", + "

    Find out about call charges

    ", + "

    The Green Deal is not available in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Green Deal mark

    ", + "

    ", + "

    All Green Deal organisations must be authorised. Look for the quality mark, which is a green house with a tick on the roof.

    ", + "

    You can also check if a Green Deal company is genuine.

    ", + "

    Improvements and benefits to your home

    ", + "

    Any household with an electricity meter (including prepayment meters) in England, Scotland or Wales can use the scheme.

    ", + "

    Both the landlord and the tenant must agree to the improvements if the building is rented.

    ", + "

    Eligible improvements

    ", + "

    You can use the Green Deal for a range of different energy saving measures including:

    ", + "
  • replacing windows and doors
    • ", + "
  • installing secondary glazing
    • ", + "
  • using energy efficient lighting
    • ", + "
  • insulating your loft or walls
    • ", + "
  • adding draught proofing
    • ", + "
  • upgrading your heating
    • ", + "
  • generating renewable energy from sources such as wind or solar power
    • ", + "

    But only if your Green Deal assessment recommends them.

    ", + "

    Get an assessment

    ", + "

    You must get your property assessed to use the Green Deal. Contact a Green Deal assessor or ask a Green Deal provider to find an assessor for you.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay for an assessment. The assessor must tell you the fee in advance.

    ", + "

    What to expect from an assessment

    ", + "

    A Green Deal assessor will visit your home, talk to you about your property and your energy use and help you decide if you could benefit from Green Deal improvements.

    ", + "

    When you book

    ", + "

    You may be asked if:

    ", + "
  • you own or rent the property
    • ", + "
  • your home is a listed building, in a conservation area, built before 1900 or constructed in a non-traditional way
    • ", + "
  • there are access issues, such as access to your loft
    • ", + "
  • you can provide bills showing your recent energy use
    • ", + "

    When the assessor visits

    ", + "

    You may be asked:

    ", + "
  • how many people live in your home
    • ", + "
  • what type of heating and appliances you use
    • ", + "
  • how often you use your heating
    • ", + "
  • what energy-saving measures are already installed
    • ", + "

    After the visit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a document, called a Green Deal advice report, that contains:

    ", + "
  • an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) that rates your home for energy efficiency
    • ", + "
  • an occupancy assessment that measures how much energy you and other occupiers are using
    • ", + "
  • improvements your assessor recommends
    • ", + "
  • an estimate of the money you could save on your annual energy bills
    • ", + "
  • a statement on whether the improvements will pay for themselves through reduced energy costs
    • ", + "

    A Green Deal advice report is valid for 10 years, or until you make changes or energy saving improvements to the property, for example you build an extension or change the windows.

    ", + "

    The actual savings will depend on how much energy you use and the future cost of energy.

    ", + "

    What to do next

    ", + "

    You decide:

    ", + "
  • if you want to get the work done
    • ", + "
  • how you want to pay
    • ", + "

    Getting the work done

    ", + "

    How you decide to get the work done will affect your options for how you pay for the work.

    ", + "

    After you get a Green Deal advice report, you can:

    ", + "
  • ask a Green Deal provider to arrange installation and pay for the work yourself
    • ", + "
  • ask a Green Deal provider to arrange installation and a Green Deal finance plan to pay for the work
    • ", + "
  • get your own installers to fit the improvements and pay for them yourself
    • ", + "
  • pay for the work in more than one way, like using a Green Deal finance plan or money of your own
    • ", + "

    Some companies provide all the services for a Green Deal package - assessment, finance and installation. You can choose to use a different company for each service.

    ", + "

    Get a quote

    ", + "

    Give a provider or installer your Green Deal advice report.

    ", + "

    Providers will give you a quote and arrange the installers for you. Installers will quote to do the work themselves. A quote from a provider will include the repayment terms if you\u2019re paying with a finance plan.

    ", + "

    You can get more than one quote and you can choose which improvements you want.

    ", + "

    You can ask the provider or installer if you or your property qualify to combine the Green Deal with these other schemes:

    ", + "
  • Affordable Warmth Obligation - help from your energy company to improve your home if you\u2019re on certain benefits or a low income, or for certain hard-to-treat properties
    • ", + "
  • Feed-in Tariffs - payments from your energy provider if you generate your own electricity (such as through solar panels or a wind turbine)
    • ", + "
  • Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) - payments for generation and use of renewable energy to heat buildings
    • ", + "
  • any scheme run by your Local Authority - contact your Local Authority for information
    • ", + "

    Agree the work

    ", + "

    Pick the provider or installer you want to do the work.

    ", + "

    The provider will write you a contract called a Green Deal finance plan if you choose to pay with Green Deal finance. The plan will contain:

    ", + "
  • an outline of the work that will be done
    • ", + "
  • any financial help you can get from other schemes
    • ", + "
  • the repayments and interest rate
    • ", + "
  • information on other incentives you can access, such as Feed-in Tarrifs
    • ", + "
  • information on warranties and guarantees
    • ", + "

    Your Green Deal repayments will be automatically added to your electricity bill if you have chosen to take Green Deal finance.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    You can complain about your Green Deal.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You can pay in advance, get a Green Deal finance plan, or use other schemes to fund the work. You can also combine ways to pay.

    ", + "

    Getting a Green Deal finance plan

    ", + "

    Finance plans are offered by approved Green Deal providers.

    ", + "

    Give your Green Deal assessment to providers you want to get a quote from.

    ", + "

    Your provider will find an installer for you.

    ", + "

    You can only get a finance plan for improvements recommended in your Green Deal assessment.

    ", + "

    Each provider must tell you:

    ", + "
  • how much you\u2019ll pay back
    • ", + "
  • how long you\u2019ll pay for
    • ", + "

    What you can borrow and how much you\u2019ll pay

    ", + "

    You can get finance for an amount based on what you\u2019ll be expected to save on your energy bills.

    ", + "

    The annual repayments on the loan should not be more than the savings you might make on your energy bills.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no set interest rate. Your interest rate will be determined by the amount of your finance plan. Check with your provider for rates and fees.

    ", + "

    The interest rate is fixed for the full term of the plan so your repayments will be fixed.

    ", + "

    How you pay

    ", + "

    You pay back the loan through a charge added to your electricity bill. If you have a prepayment meter, a small amount will be taken from the meter each day.

    ", + "

    This is because the Green Deal stays with the property. If you move, you no longer benefit from the improvements and therefore stop paying for them.

    ", + "

    You can pay off your Green Deal early, but you might be charged a fee - check with your provider.

    ", + "

    Moving into a property with a Green Deal

    ", + "

    If you move into a property with a Green Deal, the landlord or seller must show you a copy of the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC). This will explain what improvements have been made and how much you\u2019ll need to repay.

    ", + "

    The person who pays the electricity bill pays the money back.

    ", + "

    You can change electricity supplier if the new supplier is participating in the Green Deal.

    ", + "

    Get more information

    ", + "

    Contact the Green Deal provider if you have specific questions about the improvements, warranties or repayments.

    ", + "

    You can get general information from Simple Energy Advice if you\u2019re in England or Wales, or Home Energy Scotland if you\u2019re in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Find out about call charges

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/dispose-hazardous-waste": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dispose-hazardous-waste", + "title": "Hazardous waste", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must make sure hazardous waste produced or handled by your business in England causes no harm or damage.\n\nYou have responsibilities known as your \u2018duty of care\u2019. You must also meet extra requirements depending on whether you\u2019re a waste:\n\n- producer or holder (you produce or store waste)\n\n- carrier (you collect and transport waste)\n\n- consignee (you receive waste, such as for recycling or disposal)\n\nCheck what you need to do in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.\n\nThere are different requirements for exporting waste.\n\n## Check if your waste is hazardous\n\nWaste is generally considered hazardous if it (or the material or substances it contains) are harmful to humans or the environment. Examples of hazardous waste include:\n\n- asbestos\n\n- chemicals, such as brake fluid or print toner\n\n- batteries\n\n- solvents\n\n- pesticides\n\n- oils (except edible ones), such as car oil\n\n- equipment containing ozone depleting substances, like fridges\n\n- hazardous waste containers\n\nClassify your waste to find out if it is hazardous.\n\n## Producers and holders\n\nYou must follow these steps in England if your business:\n\n- produces hazardous waste\n\n- holds or stores hazardous waste\n\n- has hazardous waste removed from its premises\n\n- Classify your waste to check if it\u2019s hazardous.\n\n- Separate and store hazardous waste safely.\n\n- Use authorised businesses to collect, recycle or dispose of your hazardous waste \u2013\u00a0check that waste carriers are registered and waste sites have environmental permits.\n\n- Fill in the parts of the consignment note that apply to you \u2013 keep one copy and give 2 copies to the carrier collecting your waste.\n\n- Keep records (known as a \u2018register\u2019) for 3 years at the premises that produced or stored the waste.\n\n## Records you must keep\n\nYou must keep your copies of:\n\n- consignment notes\n\n- consignee returns \u2013 you\u2019ll get these from businesses that receive your waste (consignees)\n\n- any related documents, for example \u2018carrier schedules\u2019 (list of carriers when there is more than one), records of rejected loads\n\nIf these documents are not accurate or complete, you must keep a record of any missing information.\n\n## Extra requirements\n\nYou must meet extra requirements in these situations.\n\n## Your waste is rejected\n\nYou must follow the guidance on rejected loads if your hazardous waste is rejected by the destination site you sent it to.\n\n## You transport your own waste\n\nYou must meet the requirements for carriers if you transport any hazardous waste from your own or another business.\n\n## You receive, treat or dispose of waste\n\nYou must meet the requirements for consignees if you:\n\n- receive hazardous waste \u2013\u00a0this includes deliveries of waste from your own business\n\n- treat or dispose of hazardous waste on your business premises \u2013\u00a0this includes your own waste\n\n## Carriers\n\nYou must follow these steps if your business collects and transports hazardous waste in England (for example you\u2019re a waste carrier, or you move your own waste).\n\n- Register as a waste carrier.\n\n- Check parts A and B of the consignment note and the waste before you accept it \u2013\u00a0make sure the waste is classified correctly.\n\n- Separate waste correctly when you load it for transportation.\n\n- Fill in the part of the consignment note that applies to you.\n\n- Leave one copy of the consignment note with the waste producer or holder and keep 2 copies \u2013\u00a0these must stay with the waste until it reaches its destination.\n\n- Take the waste to the destination on the consignment note \u2013\u00a0it must be an authorised waste site.\n\n- Keep records (known as a \u2018register\u2019) for one year.\n\nYou must keep records at your head office.\n\n## Records you must keep\n\nYou must keep copies of:\n\n- consignment notes\n\n- any related documents, for example \u2018carrier schedules\u2019 (list of carriers when there is more than one), records of rejected loads\n\nIf these documents are not accurate or complete, you must keep a record of any missing information.\n\n## You\u2019re a waste dealer or broker\n\nAsk the waste producer or holder for copies of their records. You must keep these for 3 years. Check what other registration requirements and responsibilities you may need to meet.\n\n## Your waste delivery is rejected\n\nYou must follow the guidance on rejected loads if a consignee rejects the hazardous waste you\u2019re transporting.\n\n## Consignees\n\nYou must follow these steps if you receive, treat or dispose of hazardous waste at premises in England.\n\n- Get an environmental permit or register an exemption for your premises.\n\n- Check the consignment note and waste before you accept it \u2013 make sure it\u2019s classified correctly.\n\n- Reject the waste if the consignment note is missing, incorrect or incomplete.\n\n- Fill in part E of the consignment note for any hazardous waste you accept or reject \u2013 keep one copy and hand one copy back to the carrier.\n\n- Send consignee returns to the Environment Agency, and the waste producer or holder, to report on any hazardous waste you accept or reject.\n\n- Keep records (known as a \u2018register\u2019).\n\nYou must keep records at the site where the hazardous waste was stored, treated or disposed.\n\n## Records you must keep\n\nYou must keep:\n\n- consignment notes\n\n- any related documents, for example \u2018carrier schedules\u2019 (list of carriers when there is more than one), records of rejected loads\n\n- a site inventory that records where waste was stored, treated or disposed of at your waste site \u2013\u00a0keep this in a secure, marked area that\u2019s accessible in emergencies\n\n## Site inventories for tipped waste\n\n\u2018Tipped waste\u2019 (permanent waste storage, for example landfill) includes:\n\n| Type of storage | Disposal code (from the Waste Framework Directive) |\n\n| Deposit into or onto land, for example landfill | D1 |\n\n| Land treatment | D2 |\n\n| Deep injection | D3 |\n\n| Surface impoundment | D4 |\n\n| Specially engineered landfill | D5 |\n\n| Release into a water body except seas or oceans | D6 |\n\n| Permanent storage | D12 |\n\nYour site inventory must be a site plan that shows where hazardous waste is stored at your waste site together with its:\n\n- consignment note code \u2013 get this from the consignee return if there\u2019s no consignment note\n\n- waste description including the waste classification code, its chemical components and hazardous properties\n\nUse either a grid or contour lines to divide up your site plan.\n\n## Site inventories for all other waste operations\n\nThese requirements are for all waste operations other than tipped waste, including:\n\n- disposal by other methods\n\n- treatment\n\n- recovery\n\n- incineration\n\nYour site inventory can be a site plan or table showing the location of waste at your site together with:\n\n- its consignment note code \u2013 get this from the consignee return if there\u2019s no consignment note\n\n- information cross-referencing each incoming or outgoing waste (waste transfer activities only)\n\nYou must also keep records for each delivery of hazardous waste you accept at your site \u2013 include:\n\n- its weight in kilograms\n\n- its waste description including the waste classification code, its chemical components and hazardous properties\n\n- the name, address and postcode of the waste holder or producer it came from\n\n- the disposal or recovery method you applied to the waste\n\n## How long you must keep records\n\nThe type of waste site you have determines how long you keep records.\n\n| | Type of record | How long you must keep it |\n\n| Landfill site (disposal codes D1 to D6 and D12) | All records | As long as you have a permit |\n\n| Other waste site with a permit | Consignment notes | 5 years |\n\n| Other waste site with a permit | Site inventory and all other records | As long as you have a permit |\n\n| Waste sites with an exemption | All records | 3 years |\n\nYou must send your records to the Environment Agency if you give up or lose your permit.\n\n## Consignment notes\n\nYou must use consignment notes to move hazardous waste.\n\nA consignment note must stay with hazardous waste until it reaches its final destination.\n\n## Fill in a consignment note\n\nRead the consignment notes guidance.\n\n- Download a consignment note form.\n\n- Fill in the parts that apply to you.\n\n- Use a continuation sheet if you need more space.\n\nThe part that applies to you depends on your role in the waste process.\n\n| Your role | Part you must complete |\n\n| Producer | A and B |\n\n| Holder (stores waste) | A and B |\n\n| Carrier (collects and transports waste) | C |\n\n| Consignor (hands the waste to the carrier) | D |\n\n| Consignee (receives waste for recycling or disposal) | E |\n\n## You\u2019re the waste producer or holder\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know both the:\n\n- Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code (2007) \u2013 this describes the business activity that produced the waste\n\n- waste classification code, also referred to as LoW (List of Waste) or EWC (European Waste Catalogue) code \u2013 this describes the waste\n\n## Get consignment notes another way\n\nYou can also:\n\n- use a note from your waste contractor or write your own \u2013 it must include the information on the form\n\n- buy consignment notices from the Environment Agency \u2013 these have 3 colour-coded copies\n\n## Consignee returns\n\nConsignee returns are reports on any hazardous waste received, treated or disposed of by a business (the \u2018consignee\u2019).\n\n## You\u2019re a waste producer or holder\n\nYou should get consignee returns every quarter from the consignee dealing with your hazardous waste.\n\nAsk for consignee returns in writing if you do not get them \u2013 you need them to keep records.\n\nYou should contact the Environment Agency and stop using a waste business if they do not provide consignee returns.\n\n## You\u2019re a consignee\n\nYou must send consignee returns every quarter to the:\n\n- Environment Agency\n\n- the waste producer or holder\n\nYou must send separate consignee returns to the Environment Agency and the waste producer or holder. You cannot send copies of the same document to both.\n\nRead the consignee returns guidance for help with filling in your consignee returns.\n\n## Send consignee returns to the Environment Agency\n\n- Fill in the consignee returns spreadsheet.\n\n- Send the spreadsheet to the Environment Agency - either email it to hazwastereturn@environment-agency.gov.uk or upload it online (in Wales email it to waleshazreturns@cyfoethnaturiolcymru.gov.uk).\n\nRead the consignee returns guidance for other ways you can send your returns.\n\n## Deadlines\n\n| Reporting period | Deadline |\n\n| January to March | 30 April |\n\n| April to June | 31 July |\n\n| July to September | 31 October |\n\n| October to December | 31 January |\n\n## Fees\n\nFees are per consignment of waste and depend on whether the consignment formed part of a multiple collection (if it came from multiple locations) or not. The fees are:\n\n- single consignment - \u00a310 (electronic returns) or \u00a319 (paper returns)\n\n- multiple collection - \u00a35 (electronic returns) or \u00a310 (paper returns)\n\n## Contact the Environment Agency\n\nContact the Environment Agency if you have any questions about hazardous waste.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must make sure hazardous waste produced or handled by your business in England causes no harm or damage.

    ", + "

    You have responsibilities known as your \u2018duty of care\u2019. You must also meet extra requirements depending on whether you\u2019re a waste:

    ", + "
  • producer or holder (you produce or store waste)
    • ", + "
  • carrier (you collect and transport waste)
    • ", + "
  • consignee (you receive waste, such as for recycling or disposal)
    • ", + "

    Check what you need to do in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    There are different requirements for exporting waste.

    ", + "

    Check if your waste is hazardous

    ", + "

    Waste is generally considered hazardous if it (or the material or substances it contains) are harmful to humans or the environment. Examples of hazardous waste include:

    ", + "
  • asbestos
    • ", + "
  • chemicals, such as brake fluid or print toner
    • ", + "
  • batteries
    • ", + "
  • solvents
    • ", + "
  • pesticides
    • ", + "
  • oils (except edible ones), such as car oil
    • ", + "
  • equipment containing ozone depleting substances, like fridges
    • ", + "
  • hazardous waste containers
    • ", + "

    Classify your waste to find out if it is hazardous.

    ", + "

    Producers and holders

    ", + "

    You must follow these steps in England if your business:

    ", + "
  • produces hazardous waste
    • ", + "
  • holds or stores hazardous waste
    • ", + "
  • has hazardous waste removed from its premises
    • ", + "
  • Classify your waste to check if it\u2019s hazardous.
    • ", + "
  • Separate and store hazardous waste safely.
    • ", + "
  • Use authorised businesses to collect, recycle or dispose of your hazardous waste \u2013\u00a0check that waste carriers are registered and waste sites have environmental permits.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the parts of the consignment note that apply to you \u2013 keep one copy and give 2 copies to the carrier collecting your waste.
    • ", + "
  • Keep records (known as a \u2018register\u2019) for 3 years at the premises that produced or stored the waste.
    • ", + "

    Records you must keep

    ", + "

    You must keep your copies of:

    ", + "
  • consignment notes
    • ", + "
  • consignee returns \u2013 you\u2019ll get these from businesses that receive your waste (consignees)
    • ", + "
  • any related documents, for example \u2018carrier schedules\u2019 (list of carriers when there is more than one), records of rejected loads
    • ", + "

    If these documents are not accurate or complete, you must keep a record of any missing information.

    ", + "

    Extra requirements

    ", + "

    You must meet extra requirements in these situations.

    ", + "

    Your waste is rejected

    ", + "

    You must follow the guidance on rejected loads if your hazardous waste is rejected by the destination site you sent it to.

    ", + "

    You transport your own waste

    ", + "

    You must meet the requirements for carriers if you transport any hazardous waste from your own or another business.

    ", + "

    You receive, treat or dispose of waste

    ", + "

    You must meet the requirements for consignees if you:

    ", + "
  • receive hazardous waste \u2013\u00a0this includes deliveries of waste from your own business
    • ", + "
  • treat or dispose of hazardous waste on your business premises \u2013\u00a0this includes your own waste
    • ", + "

    Carriers

    ", + "

    You must follow these steps if your business collects and transports hazardous waste in England (for example you\u2019re a waste carrier, or you move your own waste).

    ", + "
  • Register as a waste carrier.
    • ", + "
  • Check parts A and B of the consignment note and the waste before you accept it \u2013\u00a0make sure the waste is classified correctly.
    • ", + "
  • Separate waste correctly when you load it for transportation.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the part of the consignment note that applies to you.
    • ", + "
  • Leave one copy of the consignment note with the waste producer or holder and keep 2 copies \u2013\u00a0these must stay with the waste until it reaches its destination.
    • ", + "
  • Take the waste to the destination on the consignment note \u2013\u00a0it must be an authorised waste site.
    • ", + "
  • Keep records (known as a \u2018register\u2019) for one year.
    • ", + "

    You must keep records at your head office.

    ", + "

    Records you must keep

    ", + "

    You must keep copies of:

    ", + "
  • consignment notes
    • ", + "
  • any related documents, for example \u2018carrier schedules\u2019 (list of carriers when there is more than one), records of rejected loads
    • ", + "

    If these documents are not accurate or complete, you must keep a record of any missing information.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a waste dealer or broker

    ", + "

    Ask the waste producer or holder for copies of their records. You must keep these for 3 years. Check what other registration requirements and responsibilities you may need to meet.

    ", + "

    Your waste delivery is rejected

    ", + "

    You must follow the guidance on rejected loads if a consignee rejects the hazardous waste you\u2019re transporting.

    ", + "

    Consignees

    ", + "

    You must follow these steps if you receive, treat or dispose of hazardous waste at premises in England.

    ", + "
  • Get an environmental permit or register an exemption for your premises.
    • ", + "
  • Check the consignment note and waste before you accept it \u2013 make sure it\u2019s classified correctly.
    • ", + "
  • Reject the waste if the consignment note is missing, incorrect or incomplete.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in part E of the consignment note for any hazardous waste you accept or reject \u2013 keep one copy and hand one copy back to the carrier.
    • ", + "
  • Send consignee returns to the Environment Agency, and the waste producer or holder, to report on any hazardous waste you accept or reject.
    • ", + "
  • Keep records (known as a \u2018register\u2019).
    • ", + "

    You must keep records at the site where the hazardous waste was stored, treated or disposed.

    ", + "

    Records you must keep

    ", + "

    You must keep:

    ", + "
  • consignment notes
    • ", + "
  • any related documents, for example \u2018carrier schedules\u2019 (list of carriers when there is more than one), records of rejected loads
    • ", + "
  • a site inventory that records where waste was stored, treated or disposed of at your waste site \u2013\u00a0keep this in a secure, marked area that\u2019s accessible in emergencies
    • ", + "

    Site inventories for tipped waste

    ", + "

    \u2018Tipped waste\u2019 (permanent waste storage, for example landfill) includes:

    ", + "Type of storage | Disposal code (from the Waste Framework Directive)", + "Deposit into or onto land, for example landfill | D1", + "Land treatment | D2", + "Deep injection | D3", + "Surface impoundment | D4", + "Specially engineered landfill | D5", + "Release into a water body except seas or oceans | D6", + "Permanent storage | D12", + "

    Your site inventory must be a site plan that shows where hazardous waste is stored at your waste site together with its:

    ", + "
  • consignment note code \u2013 get this from the consignee return if there\u2019s no consignment note
    • ", + "
  • waste description including the waste classification code, its chemical components and hazardous properties
    • ", + "

    Use either a grid or contour lines to divide up your site plan.

    ", + "

    Site inventories for all other waste operations

    ", + "

    These requirements are for all waste operations other than tipped waste, including:

    ", + "
  • disposal by other methods
    • ", + "
  • treatment
    • ", + "
  • recovery
    • ", + "
  • incineration
    • ", + "

    Your site inventory can be a site plan or table showing the location of waste at your site together with:

    ", + "
  • its consignment note code \u2013 get this from the consignee return if there\u2019s no consignment note
    • ", + "
  • information cross-referencing each incoming or outgoing waste (waste transfer activities only)
    • ", + "

    You must also keep records for each delivery of hazardous waste you accept at your site \u2013 include:

    ", + "
  • its weight in kilograms
    • ", + "
  • its waste description including the waste classification code, its chemical components and hazardous properties
    • ", + "
  • the name, address and postcode of the waste holder or producer it came from
    • ", + "
  • the disposal or recovery method you applied to the waste
    • ", + "

    How long you must keep records

    ", + "

    The type of waste site you have determines how long you keep records.

    ", + " | Type of record | How long you must keep it", + "Landfill site (disposal codes D1 to D6 and D12) | All records | As long as you have a permit", + "Other waste site with a permit | Consignment notes | 5 years", + "Other waste site with a permit | Site inventory and all other records | As long as you have a permit", + "Waste sites with an exemption | All records | 3 years", + "

    You must send your records to the Environment Agency if you give up or lose your permit.

    ", + "

    Consignment notes

    ", + "

    You must use consignment notes to move hazardous waste.

    ", + "

    A consignment note must stay with hazardous waste until it reaches its final destination.

    ", + "

    Fill in a consignment note

    ", + "

    Read the consignment notes guidance.

    ", + "
  • Download a consignment note form.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the parts that apply to you.
    • ", + "
  • Use a continuation sheet if you need more space.
    • ", + "

    The part that applies to you depends on your role in the waste process.

    ", + "Your role | Part you must complete", + "Producer | A and B", + "Holder (stores waste) | A and B", + "Carrier (collects and transports waste) | C", + "Consignor (hands the waste to the carrier) | D", + "Consignee (receives waste for recycling or disposal) | E", + "

    You\u2019re the waste producer or holder

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to know both the:

    ", + "
  • Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code (2007) \u2013 this describes the business activity that produced the waste
    • ", + "
  • waste classification code, also referred to as LoW (List of Waste) or EWC (European Waste Catalogue) code \u2013 this describes the waste
    • ", + "

    Get consignment notes another way

    ", + "

    You can also:

    ", + "
  • use a note from your waste contractor or write your own \u2013 it must include the information on the form
    • ", + "
  • buy consignment notices from the Environment Agency \u2013 these have 3 colour-coded copies
    • ", + "

    Consignee returns

    ", + "

    Consignee returns are reports on any hazardous waste received, treated or disposed of by a business (the \u2018consignee\u2019).

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a waste producer or holder

    ", + "

    You should get consignee returns every quarter from the consignee dealing with your hazardous waste.

    ", + "

    Ask for consignee returns in writing if you do not get them \u2013 you need them to keep records.

    ", + "

    You should contact the Environment Agency and stop using a waste business if they do not provide consignee returns.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a consignee

    ", + "

    You must send consignee returns every quarter to the:

    ", + "
  • Environment Agency
    • ", + "
  • the waste producer or holder
    • ", + "

    You must send separate consignee returns to the Environment Agency and the waste producer or holder. You cannot send copies of the same document to both.

    ", + "

    Read the consignee returns guidance for help with filling in your consignee returns.

    ", + "

    Send consignee returns to the Environment Agency

    ", + "
  • Fill in the consignee returns spreadsheet.
    • ", + "
  • Send the spreadsheet to the Environment Agency - either email it to hazwastereturn@environment-agency.gov.uk or upload it online (in Wales email it to waleshazreturns@cyfoethnaturiolcymru.gov.uk).
    • ", + "

    Read the consignee returns guidance for other ways you can send your returns.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "Reporting period | Deadline", + "January to March | 30 April", + "April to June | 31 July", + "July to September | 31 October", + "October to December | 31 January", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Fees are per consignment of waste and depend on whether the consignment formed part of a multiple collection (if it came from multiple locations) or not. The fees are:

    ", + "
  • single consignment - \u00a310 (electronic returns) or \u00a319 (paper returns)
    • ", + "
  • multiple collection - \u00a35 (electronic returns) or \u00a310 (paper returns)
    • ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency

    ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency if you have any questions about hazardous waste.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/preventing-air-pollution": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/preventing-air-pollution", + "title": "Preventing air pollution", + "content": "## Local controls\n\nYour local council can introduce extra controls on emissions if there are air quality problems in your area.\n\n## Air Quality Management Areas\n\nIf air quality falls below required standards, your council will declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and plan for improvements.\n\nCheck if your business is in an AQMA and if you\u2019re affected by:\n\n- road charging\n\n- parking restrictions\n\n- increased restrictions on waiting and loading times\n\n- taxes to encourage moving goods by rail\n\n- the review of planning applications by a pollution control team\n\n## Smoke control areas\n\nYour council can also declare a smoke control area. This means you can only use authorised fuels, or exempted furnaces and boilers. Chimney smoke is not allowed, with only a few exceptions.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a31,000 for each offence.\n\nIf you\u2019re a contractor working at different locations you should always check if you\u2019re in a smoke control area.\n\n## Dark smoke\n\nThe darker the smoke, the more polluting it tends to be. Smoke darker than a specified shade of grey is officially classified as \u2018dark smoke\u2019.\n\nThe Ringelmann chart is used to define dark smoke. The chart has 5 shades of grey with 0 being clear and 5 being black. Smoke is considered \u2018dark\u2019 if it is shade 2 or darker.\n\n## Chimney and boiler restrictions\n\nYou mustn\u2019t release dark smoke from your premises, including from:\n\n- chimneys serving furnaces\n\n- fixed boilers or industrial plants, whether they\u2019re attached to buildings or not\n\nThere are some exemptions if emissions won\u2019t damage health or cause a nuisance.\n\n## Boilers and furnaces\n\nYou need a permit for most generators, furnaces and boilers.\n\n## Get a permit\n\nThe permit you need depends on the type and amount of fuel you\u2019re burning.\n\n## Part A(1) environmental permit\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Part A(1) environmental permit if your appliances:\n\n- have an aggregated rated thermal input of 50 megawatts (mw) or more\n\n- burn waste oil, recovered oil or any fuel made from waste, with a rated thermal input of 3 to 50 mw\n\nGet a Part A(1) permit from:\n\n- Environment Agency if you\u2019re in England\n\n- Natural Resources Wales (NRW)\n\n- Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA)\n\n## Part B environmental permit\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Part B environmental permit if your appliances:\n\n- have a rated thermal input of 20 to 50 mw\n\n- burn waste excluded from the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) with a rated thermal input of 0.4 to 3 mw\n\nGet a Part B permit from:\n\n- your local council if you\u2019re in England and Wales\n\n- SEPA if you\u2019re in Scotland\n\n## Small Waste Incineration Plant (SWIP) environmental permit\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Small Waste Incineration Plant (SWIP) environmental permit if your appliance can burn either:\n\n- less than 10 tonnes per day of hazardous waste\n\n- less than 3 tonnes per hour of non-hazardous waste (equivalent to 72 tonnes per day)\n\nGet a SWIP environmental permit from your local council.\n\n## Installing furnaces\n\nYour local council must approve:\n\n- the use of a new non-domestic furnace in a building, fixed boiler or industrial plant\n\n- changes to an existing furnace\n\nContact your local council about getting approval for grit and dust arrestment equipment for your furnace if it\u2019s going to be used to burn:\n\n- pulverised fuel\n\n- any other solid matter at a rate of 45.4 kilograms (kg) or more an hour\n\n- liquid or gaseous matter at a rate equivalent to 366.4 kilowatts (kw) or more\n\nYou might not need approval if your boiler won\u2019t create emissions that can damage health or cause a nuisance. Contact your local council to check if you\u2019re exempt.\n\n## Chimney height requirements\n\nYour chimney must be high enough to prevent smoke, grit, dust, gases and fume emissions from damaging health or causing a nuisance. Your local council can refuse your application if your chimney isn\u2019t high enough.\n\nYou must apply for chimney height approval if your boiler\u2019s fuel consumption either:\n\n- exceeds 45.4 kg of solid fuel an hour\n\n- exceeds 366.4 kw of liquid or gas fuel\n\nIf your approval application is refused your local council will tell you the minimum chimney height you need.\n\nA chimney may be exempt if it\u2019s used as part of:\n\n- a temporary replacement, for example if the boiler or furnace is being repaired\n\n- a temporary source of heat or power for building works\n\n- an auxiliary plant to bring the main plant up to operating temperatures\n\n- a mobile source of heat or power for agricultural purposes\n\nIf the use of your chimney changes you must re-apply for approval.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Local controls

    ", + "

    Your local council can introduce extra controls on emissions if there are air quality problems in your area.

    ", + "

    Air Quality Management Areas

    ", + "

    If air quality falls below required standards, your council will declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and plan for improvements.

    ", + "

    Check if your business is in an AQMA and if you\u2019re affected by:

    ", + "
  • road charging
    • ", + "
  • parking restrictions
    • ", + "
  • increased restrictions on waiting and loading times
    • ", + "
  • taxes to encourage moving goods by rail
    • ", + "
  • the review of planning applications by a pollution control team
    • ", + "

    Smoke control areas

    ", + "

    Your council can also declare a smoke control area. This means you can only use authorised fuels, or exempted furnaces and boilers. Chimney smoke is not allowed, with only a few exceptions.

    ", + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a31,000 for each offence.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a contractor working at different locations you should always check if you\u2019re in a smoke control area.

    ", + "

    Dark smoke

    ", + "

    The darker the smoke, the more polluting it tends to be. Smoke darker than a specified shade of grey is officially classified as \u2018dark smoke\u2019.

    ", + "

    The Ringelmann chart is used to define dark smoke. The chart has 5 shades of grey with 0 being clear and 5 being black. Smoke is considered \u2018dark\u2019 if it is shade 2 or darker.

    ", + "

    Chimney and boiler restrictions

    ", + "

    You mustn\u2019t release dark smoke from your premises, including from:

    ", + "
  • chimneys serving furnaces
    • ", + "
  • fixed boilers or industrial plants, whether they\u2019re attached to buildings or not
    • ", + "

    There are some exemptions if emissions won\u2019t damage health or cause a nuisance.

    ", + "

    Boilers and furnaces

    ", + "

    You need a permit for most generators, furnaces and boilers.

    ", + "

    Get a permit

    ", + "

    The permit you need depends on the type and amount of fuel you\u2019re burning.

    ", + "

    Part A(1) environmental permit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Part A(1) environmental permit if your appliances:

    ", + "
  • have an aggregated rated thermal input of 50 megawatts (mw) or more
    • ", + "
  • burn waste oil, recovered oil or any fuel made from waste, with a rated thermal input of 3 to 50 mw
    • ", + "

    Get a Part A(1) permit from:

    ", + "
  • Environment Agency if you\u2019re in England
    • ", + "
  • Natural Resources Wales (NRW)
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA)
    • ", + "

    Part B environmental permit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Part B environmental permit if your appliances:

    ", + "
  • have a rated thermal input of 20 to 50 mw
    • ", + "
  • burn waste excluded from the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) with a rated thermal input of 0.4 to 3 mw
    • ", + "

    Get a Part B permit from:

    ", + "
  • your local council if you\u2019re in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • SEPA if you\u2019re in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Small Waste Incineration Plant (SWIP) environmental permit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Small Waste Incineration Plant (SWIP) environmental permit if your appliance can burn either:

    ", + "
  • less than 10 tonnes per day of hazardous waste
    • ", + "
  • less than 3 tonnes per hour of non-hazardous waste (equivalent to 72 tonnes per day)
    • ", + "

    Get a SWIP environmental permit from your local council.

    ", + "

    Installing furnaces

    ", + "

    Your local council must approve:

    ", + "
  • the use of a new non-domestic furnace in a building, fixed boiler or industrial plant
    • ", + "
  • changes to an existing furnace
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council about getting approval for grit and dust arrestment equipment for your furnace if it\u2019s going to be used to burn:

    ", + "
  • pulverised fuel
    • ", + "
  • any other solid matter at a rate of 45.4 kilograms (kg) or more an hour
    • ", + "
  • liquid or gaseous matter at a rate equivalent to 366.4 kilowatts (kw) or more
    • ", + "

    You might not need approval if your boiler won\u2019t create emissions that can damage health or cause a nuisance. Contact your local council to check if you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    Chimney height requirements

    ", + "

    Your chimney must be high enough to prevent smoke, grit, dust, gases and fume emissions from damaging health or causing a nuisance. Your local council can refuse your application if your chimney isn\u2019t high enough.

    ", + "

    You must apply for chimney height approval if your boiler\u2019s fuel consumption either:

    ", + "
  • exceeds 45.4 kg of solid fuel an hour
    • ", + "
  • exceeds 366.4 kw of liquid or gas fuel
    • ", + "

    If your approval application is refused your local council will tell you the minimum chimney height you need.

    ", + "

    A chimney may be exempt if it\u2019s used as part of:

    ", + "
  • a temporary replacement, for example if the boiler or furnace is being repaired
    • ", + "
  • a temporary source of heat or power for building works
    • ", + "
  • an auxiliary plant to bring the main plant up to operating temperatures
    • ", + "
  • a mobile source of heat or power for agricultural purposes
    • ", + "

    If the use of your chimney changes you must re-apply for approval.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/emergency-and-lifesaving-equipment-on-ships": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/emergency-and-lifesaving-equipment-on-ships", + "title": "Emergency and life-saving equipment on ships", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAll ships must carry certain emergency and life-saving equipment. This equipment must meet minimum standards and must be properly tested and serviced.\n\nThere are different requirements depending on the size and type of ship and where it operates.\n\nEmergency and life-saving equipment include things like:\n\n- lifeboats and liferafts\n\n- lifebuoys\n\n- lifejackets and attachments\n\n- buoyancy apparatus\n\n- emergency alarm systems and public address systems\n\n- marine evacuation systems\n\n- two-way VHF radiotelephone sets\n\n- fire-fighting equipment\n\n## Life-saving equipment\n\n## Merchant ships\n\nYou can find information on the life-saving appliances that ships must carry in the Merchant Shipping (Life-Saving Appliances Regulations for Ships Other Than Ships of Classes III to VI(A)) Regulations 1999.\n\n## Passenger ships\n\nThere are different requirements for different types of passenger ships.\n\nDownload information about requirements for life-saving appliances on passenger ships on domestic voyages.\n\nYou must also read the amendments to these regulations.\n\nDownload information about which lifejackets must be carried on passenger ships.\n\n## Roll-on Roll-off (Ro-Ro) passenger ships\n\nRo-Ro passenger ships must be fitted with emergency equipment lockers for emergency situations.\n\n## Large commercial yachts\n\nThe Large Commercial Yacht Code includes rules on life-saving equipment for certain types of ship of less than 3,000 gross tonnage.\n\n## Small commercial vessel and pilot boats\n\nThe Small Commercial Vessels Code sets out rules on life-saving equipment for certain vessels of less than 24 metres.\n\n## Small passenger boats on inland waters\n\nThe Inland Waters Small Passenger Boat Code includes rules on life-saving equipment for inland vessels that carry no more than 12 passengers.\n\n## Pleasure craft\n\nSome pleasure craft don\u2019t have to carry certain life-saving equipment. Download the regulations for pleasure craft.\n\n## Fire-fighting equipment\n\nShips must carry certain fire-fighting equipment on board.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nSome ships are exempt from these regulations.\n\n## Fixed fire alarms and extinguishers\n\nDownload the rules on fixed fire-detection alarms and extinguishing systems.\n\n## Fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems\n\nDownload guidance on operating fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems.\n\nYour crew must know how to use fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems safely.\n\n## Halon fire-fighting systems\n\nIt\u2019s now illegal to use fire-fighting equipment that contains halons. Download information on the phasing out of halon fire-fighting systems.\n\n## Safe use of emergency equipment\n\nAll emergency life-saving equipment must be safe to use, and you must make sure that your crew know how to use it properly.\n\n## Lifejackets\n\nAll lifejackets must be regularly inspected. You\u2019ll need to check the individual manufacturer\u2019s instructions on how to do this.\n\nDownload general guidance on how to use and inspect inflatable lifejackets.\n\n## Immersion suits\n\nRead information on the safe use of immersion suits and lifejackets.\n\n## Marine evacuation systems (MESs)\n\nA marine evacuation system is an inflatable slide or escape chute which passengers can use to get into liferafts from the ship.\n\nIf your vessel has an MES, you must make sure that crew are properly trained in how to use it, and that all onboard lifejackets can be used safely with it.\n\n## Liferafts and Hydrostatic Release Units (HRUs)\n\nDownload guidance on the safe use of HRUs and liferafts.\n\n## Fuels and lubricating oils in lifeboat engines\n\nIn lifeboat engines, you must make sure that all fuels and lubricating oils are safe to use in low temperatures.\n\nDownload information on which fuels and oils are safe to use.\n\n## Retro-reflective material\n\nYou must check all retro-reflective material at regular intervals to make sure it\u2019s effective. Download guidance on using and fitting retro-reflective material on life-saving appliances.\n\n## Servicing and testing emergency equipment\n\n## Life-saving appliance testing\n\nSome life-saving equipment must be serviced regularly at an approved service station, like:\n\n- inflatable liferafts\n\n- inflatable boats\n\n- rescue boats\n\n- fast rescue boats\n\n- inflatable lifejackets\n\n- Hydrostatic Release Units (HRUs)\n\nYou can find details of independent lifeboat servicing and testing organisations on the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) website.\n\nDownload further information on servicing this kind of emergency equipment.\n\n## Manufacturers of life-saving appliances\n\nYou can find details of manufacturers of life-saving appliances and their UK representatives on the MCA website.\n\n## Emergency electrical systems\n\nDownload information on testing emergency electrical systems.\n\n## Fire equipment testing\n\nAll fire protection systems and equipment should be regularly tested and maintained so that they\u2019re ready for immediate use when needed.\n\nYou must carry out monthly fire equipment testing and inspection to make sure that:\n\n- all fireman\u2019s outfits, fire extinguishers, fire hydrants, hoses and nozzles are in place and in good condition\n\n- all escape routes are free of obstructions and properly maintained\n\n- the public address system and ship\u2019s alarms are working properly\n\n- all fixed fire-fighting installation valves are set in the correct operating position\n\n- dry pipe sprinkler systems are pressurised, where needed, and their gauges are working properly\n\n- the sprinkler system pressure tank water levels are correct\n\n- all sprinkler system pumps operate automatically on pressure loss in the systems\n\n- all fire pumps are working properly\n\n- all fixed gas fire extinguishing installations are free from leaks\n\n## Fixed bulk dry powder fire extinguishing systems\n\nDownload information on maintaining and testing fixed dry bulk power systems.\n\nRead \u2018MGN 355 (M) Periodic Inspection, Testing and Maintenance of Fixed Bulk Dry Powder Fire Extinguishing Systems\u2019.\n\n## Seamless steel pressurised gas cylinders\n\nDownload information on testing seamless steel pressurised gas cylinders used for fire-fighting.\n\n## Portable fire extinguishers\n\nDownload information on how to carry out testing and maintenance of portable fire extinguishers.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nYou can contact the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) for further information on life-saving appliances.\n\nThe MCA lists current safety alerts for technical matters, including information on known design faults and fake safety equipment.\n\nIt also lists safety alerts for health and safety matters.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    All ships must carry certain emergency and life-saving equipment. This equipment must meet minimum standards and must be properly tested and serviced.

    ", + "

    There are different requirements depending on the size and type of ship and where it operates.

    ", + "

    Emergency and life-saving equipment include things like:

    ", + "
  • lifeboats and liferafts
    • ", + "
  • lifebuoys
    • ", + "
  • lifejackets and attachments
    • ", + "
  • buoyancy apparatus
    • ", + "
  • emergency alarm systems and public address systems
    • ", + "
  • marine evacuation systems
    • ", + "
  • two-way VHF radiotelephone sets
    • ", + "
  • fire-fighting equipment
    • ", + "

    Life-saving equipment

    ", + "

    Merchant ships

    ", + "

    You can find information on the life-saving appliances that ships must carry in the Merchant Shipping (Life-Saving Appliances Regulations for Ships Other Than Ships of Classes III to VI(A)) Regulations 1999.

    ", + "

    Passenger ships

    ", + "

    There are different requirements for different types of passenger ships.

    ", + "

    Download information about requirements for life-saving appliances on passenger ships on domestic voyages.

    ", + "

    You must also read the amendments to these regulations.

    ", + "

    Download information about which lifejackets must be carried on passenger ships.

    ", + "

    Roll-on Roll-off (Ro-Ro) passenger ships

    ", + "

    Ro-Ro passenger ships must be fitted with emergency equipment lockers for emergency situations.

    ", + "

    Large commercial yachts

    ", + "

    The Large Commercial Yacht Code includes rules on life-saving equipment for certain types of ship of less than 3,000 gross tonnage.

    ", + "

    Small commercial vessel and pilot boats

    ", + "

    The Small Commercial Vessels Code sets out rules on life-saving equipment for certain vessels of less than 24 metres.

    ", + "

    Small passenger boats on inland waters

    ", + "

    The Inland Waters Small Passenger Boat Code includes rules on life-saving equipment for inland vessels that carry no more than 12 passengers.

    ", + "

    Pleasure craft

    ", + "

    Some pleasure craft don\u2019t have to carry certain life-saving equipment. Download the regulations for pleasure craft.

    ", + "

    Fire-fighting equipment

    ", + "

    Ships must carry certain fire-fighting equipment on board.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    Some ships are exempt from these regulations.

    ", + "

    Fixed fire alarms and extinguishers

    ", + "

    Download the rules on fixed fire-detection alarms and extinguishing systems.

    ", + "

    Fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems

    ", + "

    Download guidance on operating fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems.

    ", + "

    Your crew must know how to use fixed gas fire-extinguishing systems safely.

    ", + "

    Halon fire-fighting systems

    ", + "

    It\u2019s now illegal to use fire-fighting equipment that contains halons. Download information on the phasing out of halon fire-fighting systems.

    ", + "

    Safe use of emergency equipment

    ", + "

    All emergency life-saving equipment must be safe to use, and you must make sure that your crew know how to use it properly.

    ", + "

    Lifejackets

    ", + "

    All lifejackets must be regularly inspected. You\u2019ll need to check the individual manufacturer\u2019s instructions on how to do this.

    ", + "

    Download general guidance on how to use and inspect inflatable lifejackets.

    ", + "

    Immersion suits

    ", + "

    Read information on the safe use of immersion suits and lifejackets.

    ", + "

    Marine evacuation systems (MESs)

    ", + "

    A marine evacuation system is an inflatable slide or escape chute which passengers can use to get into liferafts from the ship.

    ", + "

    If your vessel has an MES, you must make sure that crew are properly trained in how to use it, and that all onboard lifejackets can be used safely with it.

    ", + "

    Liferafts and Hydrostatic Release Units (HRUs)

    ", + "

    Download guidance on the safe use of HRUs and liferafts.

    ", + "

    Fuels and lubricating oils in lifeboat engines

    ", + "

    In lifeboat engines, you must make sure that all fuels and lubricating oils are safe to use in low temperatures.

    ", + "

    Download information on which fuels and oils are safe to use.

    ", + "

    Retro-reflective material

    ", + "

    You must check all retro-reflective material at regular intervals to make sure it\u2019s effective. Download guidance on using and fitting retro-reflective material on life-saving appliances.

    ", + "

    Servicing and testing emergency equipment

    ", + "

    Life-saving appliance testing

    ", + "

    Some life-saving equipment must be serviced regularly at an approved service station, like:

    ", + "
  • inflatable liferafts
    • ", + "
  • inflatable boats
    • ", + "
  • rescue boats
    • ", + "
  • fast rescue boats
    • ", + "
  • inflatable lifejackets
    • ", + "
  • Hydrostatic Release Units (HRUs)
    • ", + "

    You can find details of independent lifeboat servicing and testing organisations on the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) website.

    ", + "

    Download further information on servicing this kind of emergency equipment.

    ", + "

    Manufacturers of life-saving appliances

    ", + "

    You can find details of manufacturers of life-saving appliances and their UK representatives on the MCA website.

    ", + "

    Emergency electrical systems

    ", + "

    Download information on testing emergency electrical systems.

    ", + "

    Fire equipment testing

    ", + "

    All fire protection systems and equipment should be regularly tested and maintained so that they\u2019re ready for immediate use when needed.

    ", + "

    You must carry out monthly fire equipment testing and inspection to make sure that:

    ", + "
  • all fireman\u2019s outfits, fire extinguishers, fire hydrants, hoses and nozzles are in place and in good condition
    • ", + "
  • all escape routes are free of obstructions and properly maintained
    • ", + "
  • the public address system and ship\u2019s alarms are working properly
    • ", + "
  • all fixed fire-fighting installation valves are set in the correct operating position
    • ", + "
  • dry pipe sprinkler systems are pressurised, where needed, and their gauges are working properly
    • ", + "
  • the sprinkler system pressure tank water levels are correct
    • ", + "
  • all sprinkler system pumps operate automatically on pressure loss in the systems
    • ", + "
  • all fire pumps are working properly
    • ", + "
  • all fixed gas fire extinguishing installations are free from leaks
    • ", + "

    Fixed bulk dry powder fire extinguishing systems

    ", + "

    Download information on maintaining and testing fixed dry bulk power systems.

    ", + "

    Read \u2018MGN 355 (M) Periodic Inspection, Testing and Maintenance of Fixed Bulk Dry Powder Fire Extinguishing Systems\u2019.

    ", + "

    Seamless steel pressurised gas cylinders

    ", + "

    Download information on testing seamless steel pressurised gas cylinders used for fire-fighting.

    ", + "

    Portable fire extinguishers

    ", + "

    Download information on how to carry out testing and maintenance of portable fire extinguishers.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    You can contact the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) for further information on life-saving appliances.

    ", + "

    The MCA lists current safety alerts for technical matters, including information on known design faults and fake safety equipment.

    ", + "

    It also lists safety alerts for health and safety matters.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/fishing-vessel-licence-under-10-metres": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fishing-vessel-licence-under-10-metres", + "title": "Get a fishing vessel licence: vessels 10 metres or under", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou need a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence if you want to catch and sell sea fish, unless you\u2019re exempt.\n\nCheck the licence you need if your vessel is longer than 10 metres.\n\nFollow these steps to get a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence:\n\n- Register your vessel - you must do this before you can get a licence.\n\n- Get a licence entitlement - you\u2019ll need this to get a licence.\n\n- Apply for your licence.\n\nYou must carry your licence on board your vessel at all times.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou don\u2019t need a licence for your vessel if any of the following apply:\n\n- it doesn\u2019t have an engine\n\n- it\u2019ll only be used to fish for common eels, salmon or migratory trout\n\n- you fish only within 12 nautical miles of Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, but you\u2019ll need a licence from the relevant authority\n\n- you only use your vessel to fish for pleasure\n\n## Register your vessel\n\nYou must register your vessel on the UK Ship Registry to get a fishing vessel licence, unless your vessel is registered in the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.\n\nTo get on the register:\n\n- arrange an inspection by a Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) inspector or surveyor\n\n- fill in application form MSF4740 and send it to the address on the form\n\nYou can choose simple or full registration. Full registration lets you take out a marine mortgage against your vessel.\n\n## Registration fees\n\nSimple registration is \u00a3111 and full registration is \u00a3131.\n\n## Documents you need\n\nYou must include the following documents:\n\n- Declaration of Eligibility (MSF 4728)\n\n- original ownership documents - bill of sale, invoice or builder\u2019s certificate\n\n- Seafish Construction Certificate if your vessel was built after July 2007, or Seafish Inspection Report if your vessel was built before 2007\n\n- Safety Certificate issued by MCA (MSF 1606)\n\n- the vessel\u2019s radio call sign, if you have one\n\n- deletion certificate if the vessel was previously registered on another register\n\n- a copy of the Certificate of Incorporation if the owner is a limited company\n\nYour evidence of ownership must cover the last 3 years if you\u2019re applying for full registration.\n\n## Get a licence entitlement\n\nYou can get an entitlement by:\n\n- buying the entitlement from a vessel that has sunk, been scrapped or is no longer being used for fishing\n\n- buying a vessel with a licence\n\nYou need to make sure the entitlement is suitable for:\n\n- a vessel which is 10 metres or under (Category A)\n\n- the tonnage of your vessel and the size of the engine (kilowattage)\n\nYou can combine 2 or more entitlements if 1 is not enough to cover your vessel. You can also split an entitlement if you don\u2019t need it all.\n\n## Register an entitlement bought without a vessel\n\nGet form AFL7 from your local MMO office.\n\nRead the instructions for filling in form AFL7.\n\nFill in sections A and B of the form and send it to your local MMO office.\n\nMMO will check the previous owner has agreed to the transfer and return the form to you.\n\n## Entitlements bought with a vessel\n\nThe seller will transfer the entitlement into your name as part of the sale. MMO will send you form AFL7.\n\nUse form AFL7 to convert your entitlement into a licence.\n\n## Apply for your licence\n\nFill in application form AFL2 to apply for a Category A (10 metres or under) licence and send it to your local MMO office with your:\n\n- certificate of registry for the vessel\n\n- form AFL7 showing you as the entitlement holder\n\nSend the original documents, not copies.\n\nA licence is valid for 2 years, starting on 1 July and ending 2 years later on 30 June.\n\nYour licence will be renewed automatically.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence if you want to catch and sell sea fish, unless you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    Check the licence you need if your vessel is longer than 10 metres.

    ", + "

    Follow these steps to get a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence:

    ", + "
  • Register your vessel - you must do this before you can get a licence.
    • ", + "
  • Get a licence entitlement - you\u2019ll need this to get a licence.
    • ", + "
  • Apply for your licence.
    • ", + "

    You must carry your licence on board your vessel at all times.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a licence for your vessel if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it doesn\u2019t have an engine
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019ll only be used to fish for common eels, salmon or migratory trout
    • ", + "
  • you fish only within 12 nautical miles of Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, but you\u2019ll need a licence from the relevant authority
    • ", + "
  • you only use your vessel to fish for pleasure
    • ", + "

    Register your vessel

    ", + "

    You must register your vessel on the UK Ship Registry to get a fishing vessel licence, unless your vessel is registered in the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.

    ", + "

    To get on the register:

    ", + "
  • arrange an inspection by a Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) inspector or surveyor
    • ", + "
  • fill in application form MSF4740 and send it to the address on the form
    • ", + "

    You can choose simple or full registration. Full registration lets you take out a marine mortgage against your vessel.

    ", + "

    Registration fees

    ", + "

    Simple registration is \u00a3111 and full registration is \u00a3131.

    ", + "

    Documents you need

    ", + "

    You must include the following documents:

    ", + "
  • Declaration of Eligibility (MSF 4728)
    • ", + "
  • original ownership documents - bill of sale, invoice or builder\u2019s certificate
    • ", + "
  • Seafish Construction Certificate if your vessel was built after July 2007, or Seafish Inspection Report if your vessel was built before 2007
    • ", + "
  • Safety Certificate issued by MCA (MSF 1606)
    • ", + "
  • the vessel\u2019s radio call sign, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • deletion certificate if the vessel was previously registered on another register
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the Certificate of Incorporation if the owner is a limited company
    • ", + "

    Your evidence of ownership must cover the last 3 years if you\u2019re applying for full registration.

    ", + "

    Get a licence entitlement

    ", + "

    You can get an entitlement by:

    ", + "
  • buying the entitlement from a vessel that has sunk, been scrapped or is no longer being used for fishing
    • ", + "
  • buying a vessel with a licence
    • ", + "

    You need to make sure the entitlement is suitable for:

    ", + "
  • a vessel which is 10 metres or under (Category A)
    • ", + "
  • the tonnage of your vessel and the size of the engine (kilowattage)
    • ", + "

    You can combine 2 or more entitlements if 1 is not enough to cover your vessel. You can also split an entitlement if you don\u2019t need it all.

    ", + "

    Register an entitlement bought without a vessel

    ", + "

    Get form AFL7 from your local MMO office.

    ", + "

    Read the instructions for filling in form AFL7.

    ", + "

    Fill in sections A and B of the form and send it to your local MMO office.

    ", + "

    MMO will check the previous owner has agreed to the transfer and return the form to you.

    ", + "

    Entitlements bought with a vessel

    ", + "

    The seller will transfer the entitlement into your name as part of the sale. MMO will send you form AFL7.

    ", + "

    Use form AFL7 to convert your entitlement into a licence.

    ", + "

    Apply for your licence

    ", + "

    Fill in application form AFL2 to apply for a Category A (10 metres or under) licence and send it to your local MMO office with your:

    ", + "
  • certificate of registry for the vessel
    • ", + "
  • form AFL7 showing you as the entitlement holder
    • ", + "

    Send the original documents, not copies.

    ", + "

    A licence is valid for 2 years, starting on 1 July and ending 2 years later on 30 June.

    ", + "

    Your licence will be renewed automatically.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/hiring-crew": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hiring-crew", + "title": "Hiring crew for ships and yachts", + "content": "## Overview\n\nWhen you\u2019re hiring crew for a ship or yacht, you must:\n\n- check crew members\u2019 discharge books to make sure they have the qualifications and certificates of competency for their jobs\n\n- check that all crew members have the necessary medical certificates for the work they\u2019ll be doing\n\n- make sure everyone has the necessary travel documents\n\n- check that all crew can speak the ship\u2019s common working language\n\n- draw up a crew agreement\n\n- send a full crew list to the owner of the ship or yacht\n\nYou must make sure all crew members know the ship\u2019s safety and emergency procedures before the start of your journey.\n\n## Checking crew qualifications\n\nYou must check crew members\u2019 discharge books to make sure everyone has the necessary qualifications and experience.\n\nCrew members doing specialist jobs or working on particular types of craft may need special training.\n\n## Officers\n\nOfficers in your crew must have the necessary certificates of competency (CoCs).\n\nCheck that officers\u2019 CoCs are valid on the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) website.\n\nOfficers may need special training if working on tankers, high-speed craft or passenger ships.\n\n## Merchant navy ratings\n\nMake sure that all crew have the correct rating for the work they\u2019ll be doing. Watch ratings need a CoC if they\u2019re performing navigation or engine room duties.\n\n## Crew on large yachts (24 metres long or over)\n\nYou must make sure your crew have a MCA Yacht Rating Certificate or other MCA recognised qualification, for example:\n\n- an able seaman (AB) certificate issued under the International Labour Organisation (ILO) AB Convention\n\n- a UK efficient deck hand (EDH) certificate\n\n- a navigational or engine room watch rating certificate issued under Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW)\n\n## Certificates of competency\n\nYou must follow international regulations from Standards in Training Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) if you have a commercial vessel going to sea.\n\nSome crew members need a certificate of competency (CoC) or certificate of equivalent competency (CEC) to carry out certain duties.\n\nFor seafarers\u2019 CoCs to remain valid on certain types of ship they\u2019ll need to meet new training standards in line with STCW regulations (\u20182010 Manila Amendments\u2019).\n\n## Deck officers\n\nMasters and other deck department officers need a CoC if they\u2019re performing:\n\n- bridge watch-keeping duties\n\n- navigational duties\n\nCoCs for deck officers are restricted depending on:\n\n- the size of the ship or yacht\n\n- the area of sea where it will operate\n\nDownload an application for a CoC for:\n\n- masters, chief mates and deck officers in the merchant navy\n\n- masters, chief mates and deck officers on yachts\n\nYou can use a Certificate of Service instead, if you have one. These were issued until 1998.\n\n## Engineer officers\n\nEngineer officers on a ship or yacht with a power output of 750 kilowatts or more need a CoC. There are different CoCs for engineer officers, depending on:\n\n- the power output of the ship or yacht\n\n- the area of sea where it will be operating\n\nDownload an application for a CoC for:\n\n- a merchant navy engineering officer\n\n- a yacht engineering officer\n\n## Revalidating CoCs\n\nDeck and engineering officers must revalidate their certificate every 5 years. They do this by showing they\u2019ve completed either:\n\n- 12 months\u2019 sea service in the last 5 years\n\n- 3 months\u2019 sea service in the last 6 months\n\n- 2.5 years in a relevant job - contact the MCA for advice\n\nUse form MSF 4258 if someone you want to hire can\u2019t revalidate their CoC because they don\u2019t meet the requirements.\n\n## Watch ratings\n\nWatch ratings on merchant ships need a CoC if they\u2019re performing navigation or engine room duties.\n\n## Radio operators\n\nRadio operators need CoCs if they handle distress and safety radio-communications. All radio personnel serving on UK-registered ships must have either:\n\n- a Restricted Operator\u2019s Certificate (ROC)\n\n- a General Operator\u2019s Certificate (GOC)\n\n## Other crew\n\nShips\u2019 cooks and security officers may also need a CoC.\n\n## More information\n\nTo find out more about the certification structure and examination and training requirements, read:\n\n- MSN 1856 (M+F) for merchant navy deck officers\n\n- MSN 1857 (M+F) for merchant navy engineer officers\n\nContact the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) to find out which members of your crew need a CoC.\n\n## Certificate of equivalent competency (CEC)\n\nA CEC allows officers holding Standards of Training Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW) certificates issued by some non-UK countries to work as officers on UK-registered merchant ships.\n\nTo get a CEC, your crew member must complete the CEC application form. As part of the application process they may be asked to prove their:\n\n- standards of competency\n\n- ability to use the English language (this may include an oral exam)\n\n- knowledge of UK law relating to their job\n\nRead more about CECs or download part 19 of the MCA\u2019s training and certification guidance for more information.\n\n## Crew agreements\n\nA crew agreement is an employment contract between a ship or yacht\u2019s owners and its crew.\n\nAll crew agreements must have:\n\n- a cover with details of the ship and its owners\n\n- an up-to-date crew list with names, dates of birth and addresses\n\n- a list of anyone on board who is under 18 or exempt from a crew agreement\n\n- contractual clauses for each crew member\n\nA crew agreement can last up to 12 months. After this period, a new agreement must be drawn up.\n\n## What goes in a contractual clause\n\nClauses must include:\n\n- the name of the crew member\n\n- a description of the journey(s) that the agreement relates to\n\n- the crew member\u2019s job description\n\n- details of their pay, hours and leave\n\n- details of required notice and how the crew agreement can be terminated\n\nThe Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) gives guidance on drawing up crew agreements for merchant ships and yachts:\n\n- download MGN 148 \u2018Approval of crew agreements: merchant ships\n\n- download MGN 149 \u2018Approval of crew agreements: yachts\n\nContact MCA for advice on drawing up a crew agreement.\n\n## What to do once you\u2019ve drawn up a crew agreement\n\n- Get every crew member to sign the agreement when they join the ship and at the end of the journey.\n\n- File the agreement with the shipping registry in the ship\u2019s \u2018flag state\u2019 (the country where it\u2019s registered).\n\n- Display a copy on board the vessel.\n\n- Send a copy (with the official log book, if a merchant ship) to a superintendent or proper officer within 3 days of its expiry.\n\n## Who signs a crew agreement\n\nMost of the people on board a ship or yacht must sign the crew agreement. However, certain personnel will have separate employment contracts and won\u2019t have to sign, like:\n\n- captains\n\n- bodyguards\n\n- nannies\n\n- entertainment staff\n\n## Travel documents\n\nAll crew members must have either:\n\n- a valid passport\n\n- a Seafarers Identity Document (SID) containing a photograph, signature (or fingerprints) and a description of the holder, including their nationality\n\nThe standard seafarer\u2019s identity document for British citizens is the British seaman\u2019s card.\n\n## Crew lists\n\nThe master or skipper of a UK-registered ship must provide the ship\u2019s owner with a copy of an up-to-date crew list at the start of each journey. They must also tell the owner if there are any changes of crew during the journey.\n\nIf a ship is lost at sea, the crew list will be used to find out who is missing. The ship\u2019s owner should hand the crew list in to a local Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Marine Office or post it to:", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re hiring crew for a ship or yacht, you must:

    ", + "
  • check crew members\u2019 discharge books to make sure they have the qualifications and certificates of competency for their jobs
    • ", + "
  • check that all crew members have the necessary medical certificates for the work they\u2019ll be doing
    • ", + "
  • make sure everyone has the necessary travel documents
    • ", + "
  • check that all crew can speak the ship\u2019s common working language
    • ", + "
  • draw up a crew agreement
    • ", + "
  • send a full crew list to the owner of the ship or yacht
    • ", + "

    You must make sure all crew members know the ship\u2019s safety and emergency procedures before the start of your journey.

    ", + "

    Checking crew qualifications

    ", + "

    You must check crew members\u2019 discharge books to make sure everyone has the necessary qualifications and experience.

    ", + "

    Crew members doing specialist jobs or working on particular types of craft may need special training.

    ", + "

    Officers

    ", + "

    Officers in your crew must have the necessary certificates of competency (CoCs).

    ", + "

    Check that officers\u2019 CoCs are valid on the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) website.

    ", + "

    Officers may need special training if working on tankers, high-speed craft or passenger ships.

    ", + "

    Merchant navy ratings

    ", + "

    Make sure that all crew have the correct rating for the work they\u2019ll be doing. Watch ratings need a CoC if they\u2019re performing navigation or engine room duties.

    ", + "

    Crew on large yachts (24 metres long or over)

    ", + "

    You must make sure your crew have a MCA Yacht Rating Certificate or other MCA recognised qualification, for example:

    ", + "
  • an able seaman (AB) certificate issued under the International Labour Organisation (ILO) AB Convention
    • ", + "
  • a UK efficient deck hand (EDH) certificate
    • ", + "
  • a navigational or engine room watch rating certificate issued under Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW)
    • ", + "

    Certificates of competency

    ", + "

    You must follow international regulations from Standards in Training Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) if you have a commercial vessel going to sea.

    ", + "

    Some crew members need a certificate of competency (CoC) or certificate of equivalent competency (CEC) to carry out certain duties.

    ", + "

    For seafarers\u2019 CoCs to remain valid on certain types of ship they\u2019ll need to meet new training standards in line with STCW regulations (\u20182010 Manila Amendments\u2019).

    ", + "

    Deck officers

    ", + "

    Masters and other deck department officers need a CoC if they\u2019re performing:

    ", + "
  • bridge watch-keeping duties
    • ", + "
  • navigational duties
    • ", + "

    CoCs for deck officers are restricted depending on:

    ", + "
  • the size of the ship or yacht
    • ", + "
  • the area of sea where it will operate
    • ", + "

    Download an application for a CoC for:

    ", + "
  • masters, chief mates and deck officers in the merchant navy
    • ", + "
  • masters, chief mates and deck officers on yachts
    • ", + "

    You can use a Certificate of Service instead, if you have one. These were issued until 1998.

    ", + "

    Engineer officers

    ", + "

    Engineer officers on a ship or yacht with a power output of 750 kilowatts or more need a CoC. There are different CoCs for engineer officers, depending on:

    ", + "
  • the power output of the ship or yacht
    • ", + "
  • the area of sea where it will be operating
    • ", + "

    Download an application for a CoC for:

    ", + "
  • a merchant navy engineering officer
    • ", + "
  • a yacht engineering officer
    • ", + "

    Revalidating CoCs

    ", + "

    Deck and engineering officers must revalidate their certificate every 5 years. They do this by showing they\u2019ve completed either:

    ", + "
  • 12 months\u2019 sea service in the last 5 years
    • ", + "
  • 3 months\u2019 sea service in the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • 2.5 years in a relevant job - contact the MCA for advice
    • ", + "

    Use form MSF 4258 if someone you want to hire can\u2019t revalidate their CoC because they don\u2019t meet the requirements.

    ", + "

    Watch ratings

    ", + "

    Watch ratings on merchant ships need a CoC if they\u2019re performing navigation or engine room duties.

    ", + "

    Radio operators

    ", + "

    Radio operators need CoCs if they handle distress and safety radio-communications. All radio personnel serving on UK-registered ships must have either:

    ", + "
  • a Restricted Operator\u2019s Certificate (ROC)
    • ", + "
  • a General Operator\u2019s Certificate (GOC)
    • ", + "

    Other crew

    ", + "

    Ships\u2019 cooks and security officers may also need a CoC.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    To find out more about the certification structure and examination and training requirements, read:

    ", + "
  • MSN 1856 (M+F) for merchant navy deck officers
    • ", + "
  • MSN 1857 (M+F) for merchant navy engineer officers
    • ", + "

    Contact the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) to find out which members of your crew need a CoC.

    ", + "

    Certificate of equivalent competency (CEC)

    ", + "

    A CEC allows officers holding Standards of Training Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW) certificates issued by some non-UK countries to work as officers on UK-registered merchant ships.

    ", + "

    To get a CEC, your crew member must complete the CEC application form. As part of the application process they may be asked to prove their:

    ", + "
  • standards of competency
    • ", + "
  • ability to use the English language (this may include an oral exam)
    • ", + "
  • knowledge of UK law relating to their job
    • ", + "

    Read more about CECs or download part 19 of the MCA\u2019s training and certification guidance for more information.

    ", + "

    Crew agreements

    ", + "

    A crew agreement is an employment contract between a ship or yacht\u2019s owners and its crew.

    ", + "

    All crew agreements must have:

    ", + "
  • a cover with details of the ship and its owners
    • ", + "
  • an up-to-date crew list with names, dates of birth and addresses
    • ", + "
  • a list of anyone on board who is under 18 or exempt from a crew agreement
    • ", + "
  • contractual clauses for each crew member
    • ", + "

    A crew agreement can last up to 12 months. After this period, a new agreement must be drawn up.

    ", + "

    What goes in a contractual clause

    ", + "

    Clauses must include:

    ", + "
  • the name of the crew member
    • ", + "
  • a description of the journey(s) that the agreement relates to
    • ", + "
  • the crew member\u2019s job description
    • ", + "
  • details of their pay, hours and leave
    • ", + "
  • details of required notice and how the crew agreement can be terminated
    • ", + "

    The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) gives guidance on drawing up crew agreements for merchant ships and yachts:

    ", + "
  • download MGN 148 \u2018Approval of crew agreements: merchant ships
    • ", + "
  • download MGN 149 \u2018Approval of crew agreements: yachts
    • ", + "

    Contact MCA for advice on drawing up a crew agreement.

    ", + "

    What to do once you\u2019ve drawn up a crew agreement

    ", + "
  • Get every crew member to sign the agreement when they join the ship and at the end of the journey.
    • ", + "
  • File the agreement with the shipping registry in the ship\u2019s \u2018flag state\u2019 (the country where it\u2019s registered).
    • ", + "
  • Display a copy on board the vessel.
    • ", + "
  • Send a copy (with the official log book, if a merchant ship) to a superintendent or proper officer within 3 days of its expiry.
    • ", + "

    Who signs a crew agreement

    ", + "

    Most of the people on board a ship or yacht must sign the crew agreement. However, certain personnel will have separate employment contracts and won\u2019t have to sign, like:

    ", + "
  • captains
    • ", + "
  • bodyguards
    • ", + "
  • nannies
    • ", + "
  • entertainment staff
    • ", + "

    Travel documents

    ", + "

    All crew members must have either:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport
    • ", + "
  • a Seafarers Identity Document (SID) containing a photograph, signature (or fingerprints) and a description of the holder, including their nationality
    • ", + "

    The standard seafarer\u2019s identity document for British citizens is the British seaman\u2019s card.

    ", + "

    Crew lists

    ", + "

    The master or skipper of a UK-registered ship must provide the ship\u2019s owner with a copy of an up-to-date crew list at the start of each journey. They must also tell the owner if there are any changes of crew during the journey.

    ", + "

    If a ship is lost at sea, the crew list will be used to find out who is missing. The ship\u2019s owner should hand the crew list in to a local Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Marine Office or post it to:

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/maritime-safety-weather-and-navigation": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maritime-safety-weather-and-navigation", + "title": "Maritime safety: weather and navigation", + "content": "## Maritime Safety Information broadcasts\n\nHM Coastguard regularly broadcasts Maritime Safety Information (MSI) by radio. MSI includes:\n\n- information on wind strength and direction\n\n- warnings of restricted visibility\n\n- updates on sea conditions\n\n- navigational guidance and warnings\n\nMSI broadcasts may be interrupted or delayed due to search and rescue operations.\n\nYou must check MSI and other weather and tide information to avoid collisions and accidents at sea. You must also make sure that you understand any navigational guidance or warnings that are broadcast to your ship.\n\n## How to receive MSI\n\nMSI is broadcast:\n\n- by NAVTEX (Navigational telex) out to 270 miles\n\n- on VHF out to 30 miles\n\n- on MF out to 150 miles\n\nRead the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) guide to maritime safety information, which includes information on broadcast frequencies.\n\n## Weather and tide information\n\n## Weather information at sea\n\nFind information about conditions at sea from The Met Office provides useful information about conditions at sea, including:\n\n- a shipping forecast and gale warnings\n\n- marine observations which give information on wave height, visibility and sea temperature\n\n## Longer-term weather outlooks\n\nYou can get an extended outlook with information up to 5 days in advance on the 518 NAVTEX service.\n\n## Information about tides\n\nThe UK Hydrographic Office provide information on tides through the Admiralty Easy Tide Service.\n\n## Navigational guidance and warnings\n\nYou can get navigational information by radio from:\n\n- navigational warnings, broadcast on either NAVTEX or Inmarsat SafetyNET\n\n- NAVAREA (I) warnings, broadcast through EGC SafetyNET\n\n- UK coastal navigational warnings broadcast on VHF and MF on selected aerials at 4-hourly intervals\n\nRead more about maritime safety broadcast times and medical advice calls.\n\nIn-force navigational warnings are shown on the UK Hydrographic Office (UKHO) website.\n\n## Reporting navigational hazards\n\nYou may get warnings about:\n\n- damaged or broken lights, fog signals, buoys and navigational aids that affect main shipping lanes\n\n- wrecks, reefs, rocks and shoals that might be a danger to main shipping lanes\n\n- drifting hazards, such as derelict ships, mines, ice\n\n- unexpected changes or closures of established routes\n\n- cable or pipe laying, naval exercises or underwater operations that might be a danger for shipping lanes\n\n- problems with radio navigation, radio or satellite maritime safety information services\n\n- areas to avoid where search and rescue and anti-pollution activities are happening\n\nContact the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) Radio navigational warning helpline if you\u2019ve spotted any of these hazards or want to ask about them.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to contribute toward the cost of broadcasting any necessary warnings if you\u2019re responsible for causing a navigational hazard.\n\n## Navigating safely\n\nSafe navigation is particularly important in adverse weather and sea conditions.\n\nRead more about keeping a safe navigational watch on merchant ships.\n\n## Navigation lights, shapes and sound signals\n\nYour ship must comply with the requirements for navigation lights and other equipment in the \u2018Merchant Shipping (Distress Signals and Prevention of Collisions) Regulations\u2019.\n\n## Restricted visibility\n\nRead information on navigating in restricted visibility.\n\n## High-speed craft\n\nRead information on controlling high-speed craft in adverse sea conditions.\n\n## Navigating in the Dover Strait\n\nThe Dover Strait is one of the busiest shipping lanes in the world. The Dover Strait Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) exists to help ships crossing the Dover Strait to navigate safely and avoid collisions.\n\nRead information about the TSS and guidance for ships in the Dover Strait.\n\n## The Dover Strait and Channel Navigation Information Service (CNIS)\n\nThe Dover CNIS provides a 24-hour radio and radar service for all shipping in the Dover Strait.\n\nDover CNIS broadcasts information in the Dover TSS area every 60 minutes (30 minutes if visibility drops below 2 miles). You can find these on VHF radio channel 11.\n\nDover CNIS broadcasts information on:\n\n- weather and sea conditions\n\n- navigational hazards, like hampered vessels\n\n- misplaced or defective navigational aids\n\n- deep draught bulk carriers and tankers\n\n- vessels under tow\n\n- surveying vessels\n\n- unorthodox crossings, such as cross-channel swims\n\nInformation is also broadcast about any ship that appears to be breaking the \nInternational Regulations for the Prevention of Collisions at Sea to warn other ships of a potential hazard.\n\nShips using the TSS are automatically tracked by radar. This information can be used in a prosecution if any ship breaks the law.\n\n## Voyage data recorders\n\nA voyage data recorder (VDR), often known as the ship\u2019s \u2018black box\u2019, collects and stores information over the course of a ship\u2019s journey, including:\n\n- the ship\u2019s position\n\n- audio from the ship\u2019s bridge\n\n- the ship\u2019s speed and heading\n\n- depth under the keel\n\n- VHF radio communications\n\nAll VDRs must be tested after installation and then inspected every year.\n\nFind out more about the requirements for voyage data recorders.\n\n## The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System\n\nThe Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) is a maritime communications system used for:\n\n- emergency and distress messages\n\n- vessel-to-vessel routine communications\n\n- vessel-to-shore routine communications\n\nIf you own commercial ships with over 300 gross tonnage, or certain smaller craft, fit them with GMDSS equipment.\n\nMost offshore yacht races also now insist that competing yachts are GMDSS-equipped.\n\nRead the Merchant Shipping (Radio Installations) Regulations for more information on who has to fit GMDSS.\n\n## Digital Selective Calling (DSC) for pleasure craft\n\nIt\u2019s voluntary for small leisure craft to have GMDSS, but HM Coastguard strongly recommends that pleasure craft install GMDSS with DSC.\n\nDSC is a tone-signalling system with the ability to include other information like:\n\n- a vessel\u2019s identification number\n\n- the purpose of the call\n\n- your position\n\n- the channel you want to speak on\n\n## Register 406 MHz beacons\n\nA 406 megahertz (MHz) beacon can send a distress signal via satellites to alert search and rescue authorities to your location. There are 3 types:\n\n- Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacons (EPIRBs) for ships and boats\n\n- Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELTs) for aircraft\n\n- Personal Locator Beacons (PLBs) for personal use\n\nYou must register your 406 MHz beacon with the coastguard and keep your registration up to date.\n\nIf your beacon is activated and a distress signal received, the search and rescue authorities will contact you using the information on the register.\n\nYou must provide an emergency contact who will be called if you\u2019re unreachable.\n\nNotify the coastguard of changes to your beacon or your vessel - this will help to locate you in an emergency.\n\n## Register or update a registration\n\nYou can register or update a registration online.\n\nRegistration and updates are free.\n\nContact the UK Beacon Registry for help with registering.\n\n## Navigation equipment for small commercial vessels\n\nSmall commercial ships should keep a listening watch on VHF channel 16 for any coastguard announcements.\n\nYou should fit VHF DSC (Digital Selective Calling) if your ship needs a fixed VHF channel to receive these broadcasts.\n\nAll new vessels and all those replacing VHF radios must have VHF DSC installed.\n\n## Radio installation\n\nYou must mount any radio aerials as high as you can to get the best possible reception. If your main aerial is fitted to a mast, you should also provide an emergency aerial.\n\nContact the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) if you\u2019re not sure of the VHF coverage in the area where you\u2019ll be operating.\n\nYou must make sure that you\u2019re able to charge the batteries that charge the ships\u2019 radio equipment and that they\u2019re protected from flooding.\n\nYour fixed radio installation should be marked with:\n\n- the ship\u2019s call sign\n\n- codes for the use of the radio\n\n- Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number (where applicable)\n\nYou should also have a card giving information on radio distress, urgency and safety procedures in full view of the radio operating position.\n\n## Navigation lights, shapes and sound signals\n\nYour ship must meet the requirements of the Merchant Shipping (Distress Signals and Prevention of Collisions) Regulations.\n\nSmall vessels may be exempt from certain requirements, for example if:\n\n- you only operate between sunrise and sunset or in favourable weather, in which case you do not have to carry navigation lights\n\n- your vessel is less than 12 metres in length, in which case you do not have to carry sound signalling equipment\n\nRead the rules in section 17 of MGN 280 on navigation lights, shapes and sound signals for small commercial vessels. Rules for other navigational equipment are detailed in section 18.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Maritime Safety Information broadcasts

    ", + "

    HM Coastguard regularly broadcasts Maritime Safety Information (MSI) by radio. MSI includes:

    ", + "
  • information on wind strength and direction
    • ", + "
  • warnings of restricted visibility
    • ", + "
  • updates on sea conditions
    • ", + "
  • navigational guidance and warnings
    • ", + "

    MSI broadcasts may be interrupted or delayed due to search and rescue operations.

    ", + "

    You must check MSI and other weather and tide information to avoid collisions and accidents at sea. You must also make sure that you understand any navigational guidance or warnings that are broadcast to your ship.

    ", + "

    How to receive MSI

    ", + "

    MSI is broadcast:

    ", + "
  • by NAVTEX (Navigational telex) out to 270 miles
    • ", + "
  • on VHF out to 30 miles
    • ", + "
  • on MF out to 150 miles
    • ", + "

    Read the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) guide to maritime safety information, which includes information on broadcast frequencies.

    ", + "

    Weather and tide information

    ", + "

    Weather information at sea

    ", + "

    Find information about conditions at sea from The Met Office provides useful information about conditions at sea, including:

    ", + "
  • a shipping forecast and gale warnings
    • ", + "
  • marine observations which give information on wave height, visibility and sea temperature
    • ", + "

    Longer-term weather outlooks

    ", + "

    You can get an extended outlook with information up to 5 days in advance on the 518 NAVTEX service.

    ", + "

    Information about tides

    ", + "

    The UK Hydrographic Office provide information on tides through the Admiralty Easy Tide Service.

    ", + "

    Navigational guidance and warnings

    ", + "

    You can get navigational information by radio from:

    ", + "
  • navigational warnings, broadcast on either NAVTEX or Inmarsat SafetyNET
    • ", + "
  • NAVAREA (I) warnings, broadcast through EGC SafetyNET
    • ", + "
  • UK coastal navigational warnings broadcast on VHF and MF on selected aerials at 4-hourly intervals
    • ", + "

    Read more about maritime safety broadcast times and medical advice calls.

    ", + "

    In-force navigational warnings are shown on the UK Hydrographic Office (UKHO) website.

    ", + "

    Reporting navigational hazards

    ", + "

    You may get warnings about:

    ", + "
  • damaged or broken lights, fog signals, buoys and navigational aids that affect main shipping lanes
    • ", + "
  • wrecks, reefs, rocks and shoals that might be a danger to main shipping lanes
    • ", + "
  • drifting hazards, such as derelict ships, mines, ice
    • ", + "
  • unexpected changes or closures of established routes
    • ", + "
  • cable or pipe laying, naval exercises or underwater operations that might be a danger for shipping lanes
    • ", + "
  • problems with radio navigation, radio or satellite maritime safety information services
    • ", + "
  • areas to avoid where search and rescue and anti-pollution activities are happening
    • ", + "

    Contact the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) Radio navigational warning helpline if you\u2019ve spotted any of these hazards or want to ask about them.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to contribute toward the cost of broadcasting any necessary warnings if you\u2019re responsible for causing a navigational hazard.

    ", + "

    Navigating safely

    ", + "

    Safe navigation is particularly important in adverse weather and sea conditions.

    ", + "

    Read more about keeping a safe navigational watch on merchant ships.

    ", + "

    Navigation lights, shapes and sound signals

    ", + "

    Your ship must comply with the requirements for navigation lights and other equipment in the \u2018Merchant Shipping (Distress Signals and Prevention of Collisions) Regulations\u2019.

    ", + "

    Restricted visibility

    ", + "

    Read information on navigating in restricted visibility.

    ", + "

    High-speed craft

    ", + "

    Read information on controlling high-speed craft in adverse sea conditions.

    ", + "

    Navigating in the Dover Strait

    ", + "

    The Dover Strait is one of the busiest shipping lanes in the world. The Dover Strait Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) exists to help ships crossing the Dover Strait to navigate safely and avoid collisions.

    ", + "

    Read information about the TSS and guidance for ships in the Dover Strait.

    ", + "

    The Dover Strait and Channel Navigation Information Service (CNIS)

    ", + "

    The Dover CNIS provides a 24-hour radio and radar service for all shipping in the Dover Strait.

    ", + "

    Dover CNIS broadcasts information in the Dover TSS area every 60 minutes (30 minutes if visibility drops below 2 miles). You can find these on VHF radio channel 11.

    ", + "

    Dover CNIS broadcasts information on:

    ", + "
  • weather and sea conditions
    • ", + "
  • navigational hazards, like hampered vessels
    • ", + "
  • misplaced or defective navigational aids
    • ", + "
  • deep draught bulk carriers and tankers
    • ", + "
  • vessels under tow
    • ", + "
  • surveying vessels
    • ", + "
  • unorthodox crossings, such as cross-channel swims
    • ", + "

    Information is also broadcast about any ship that appears to be breaking the \nInternational Regulations for the Prevention of Collisions at Sea to warn other ships of a potential hazard.

    ", + "

    Ships using the TSS are automatically tracked by radar. This information can be used in a prosecution if any ship breaks the law.

    ", + "

    Voyage data recorders

    ", + "

    A voyage data recorder (VDR), often known as the ship\u2019s \u2018black box\u2019, collects and stores information over the course of a ship\u2019s journey, including:

    ", + "
  • the ship\u2019s position
    • ", + "
  • audio from the ship\u2019s bridge
    • ", + "
  • the ship\u2019s speed and heading
    • ", + "
  • depth under the keel
    • ", + "
  • VHF radio communications
    • ", + "

    All VDRs must be tested after installation and then inspected every year.

    ", + "

    Find out more about the requirements for voyage data recorders.

    ", + "

    The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System

    ", + "

    The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) is a maritime communications system used for:

    ", + "
  • emergency and distress messages
    • ", + "
  • vessel-to-vessel routine communications
    • ", + "
  • vessel-to-shore routine communications
    • ", + "

    If you own commercial ships with over 300 gross tonnage, or certain smaller craft, fit them with GMDSS equipment.

    ", + "

    Most offshore yacht races also now insist that competing yachts are GMDSS-equipped.

    ", + "

    Read the Merchant Shipping (Radio Installations) Regulations for more information on who has to fit GMDSS.

    ", + "

    Digital Selective Calling (DSC) for pleasure craft

    ", + "

    It\u2019s voluntary for small leisure craft to have GMDSS, but HM Coastguard strongly recommends that pleasure craft install GMDSS with DSC.

    ", + "

    DSC is a tone-signalling system with the ability to include other information like:

    ", + "
  • a vessel\u2019s identification number
    • ", + "
  • the purpose of the call
    • ", + "
  • your position
    • ", + "
  • the channel you want to speak on
    • ", + "

    Register 406 MHz beacons

    ", + "

    A 406 megahertz (MHz) beacon can send a distress signal via satellites to alert search and rescue authorities to your location. There are 3 types:

    ", + "
  • Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacons (EPIRBs) for ships and boats
    • ", + "
  • Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELTs) for aircraft
    • ", + "
  • Personal Locator Beacons (PLBs) for personal use
    • ", + "

    You must register your 406 MHz beacon with the coastguard and keep your registration up to date.

    ", + "

    If your beacon is activated and a distress signal received, the search and rescue authorities will contact you using the information on the register.

    ", + "

    You must provide an emergency contact who will be called if you\u2019re unreachable.

    ", + "

    Notify the coastguard of changes to your beacon or your vessel - this will help to locate you in an emergency.

    ", + "

    Register or update a registration

    ", + "

    You can register or update a registration online.

    ", + "

    Registration and updates are free.

    ", + "

    Contact the UK Beacon Registry for help with registering.

    ", + "

    Navigation equipment for small commercial vessels

    ", + "

    Small commercial ships should keep a listening watch on VHF channel 16 for any coastguard announcements.

    ", + "

    You should fit VHF DSC (Digital Selective Calling) if your ship needs a fixed VHF channel to receive these broadcasts.

    ", + "

    All new vessels and all those replacing VHF radios must have VHF DSC installed.

    ", + "

    Radio installation

    ", + "

    You must mount any radio aerials as high as you can to get the best possible reception. If your main aerial is fitted to a mast, you should also provide an emergency aerial.

    ", + "

    Contact the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) if you\u2019re not sure of the VHF coverage in the area where you\u2019ll be operating.

    ", + "

    You must make sure that you\u2019re able to charge the batteries that charge the ships\u2019 radio equipment and that they\u2019re protected from flooding.

    ", + "

    Your fixed radio installation should be marked with:

    ", + "
  • the ship\u2019s call sign
    • ", + "
  • codes for the use of the radio
    • ", + "
  • Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number (where applicable)
    • ", + "

    You should also have a card giving information on radio distress, urgency and safety procedures in full view of the radio operating position.

    ", + "

    Navigation lights, shapes and sound signals

    ", + "

    Your ship must meet the requirements of the Merchant Shipping (Distress Signals and Prevention of Collisions) Regulations.

    ", + "

    Small vessels may be exempt from certain requirements, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you only operate between sunrise and sunset or in favourable weather, in which case you do not have to carry navigation lights
    • ", + "
  • your vessel is less than 12 metres in length, in which case you do not have to carry sound signalling equipment
    • ", + "

    Read the rules in section 17 of MGN 280 on navigation lights, shapes and sound signals for small commercial vessels. Rules for other navigational equipment are detailed in section 18.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/operational-standards-for-small-vessels": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/operational-standards-for-small-vessels", + "title": "Operational standards for small vessels", + "content": "## Overview\n\nSmall commercial vessels must follow certain codes of practice.\n\nThis applies to any vessel that:\n\n- is less than 24 metres long\n\n- is less than 150 gross tonnes and was built before 21st July 1968\n\n- carries cargo and no more than 12 passengers\n\n- provides a service where neither cargo or passengers are carried\n\n- is a pilot boat of any size, eg a vessel that take pilots to and from larger ships\n\n- isn\u2019t considered a \u2018pleasure vessel\u2019\n\n## Pleasure vessels\n\nThese are craft used solely for either:\n\n- sport or recreation by their owners, family, friends or employees\n\n- non-profit journeys\n\nPleasure vessels are exempt from the small commercial vessel codes of practice.\n\n## Safety codes of practice\n\nThere are 4 codes of practice for small commercial vessels.\n\nThe Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) has produced a guidance note for small commercial vessels that covers these codes of practice.\n\n## Certification\n\nAny small commercial vessels not used as \u2018pleasure vessels\u2019 must have the right small commercial vessel certificate.\n\nTo get the right certificate, you must arrange a survey of your boat by a Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) approved authority.\n\nIf your boat passes this, it\u2019ll be issued with either a:\n\n- small commercial vessel certificate\n\n- workboat certificate\n\n- pilot boat certificate\n\nThis must be kept on board your boat and is valid for 5 years.\n\nBoats being surveyed for the first time must also meet stability requirements outlined in section 11 of Marine Guidance Note 280.\n\n## If you\u2019re in charge of a business boat\n\nYou must have the correct certificate to be in charge of a small business boat.\n\nCheck the appropriate code of practice for your boat to see which certificate you need.\n\n## Operating overseas\n\nThere\u2019s no international code of practice for the safety of small commercial vessels outside the UK.\n\nMany countries accept commercial vessels with UK certificates, but you may need to follow local safety laws as well.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Small commercial vessels must follow certain codes of practice.

    ", + "

    This applies to any vessel that:

    ", + "
  • is less than 24 metres long
    • ", + "
  • is less than 150 gross tonnes and was built before 21st July 1968
    • ", + "
  • carries cargo and no more than 12 passengers
    • ", + "
  • provides a service where neither cargo or passengers are carried
    • ", + "
  • is a pilot boat of any size, eg a vessel that take pilots to and from larger ships
    • ", + "
  • isn\u2019t considered a \u2018pleasure vessel\u2019
    • ", + "

    Pleasure vessels

    ", + "

    These are craft used solely for either:

    ", + "
  • sport or recreation by their owners, family, friends or employees
    • ", + "
  • non-profit journeys
    • ", + "

    Pleasure vessels are exempt from the small commercial vessel codes of practice.

    ", + "

    Safety codes of practice

    ", + "

    There are 4 codes of practice for small commercial vessels.

    ", + "

    The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) has produced a guidance note for small commercial vessels that covers these codes of practice.

    ", + "

    Certification

    ", + "

    Any small commercial vessels not used as \u2018pleasure vessels\u2019 must have the right small commercial vessel certificate.

    ", + "

    To get the right certificate, you must arrange a survey of your boat by a Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) approved authority.

    ", + "

    If your boat passes this, it\u2019ll be issued with either a:

    ", + "
  • small commercial vessel certificate
    • ", + "
  • workboat certificate
    • ", + "
  • pilot boat certificate
    • ", + "

    This must be kept on board your boat and is valid for 5 years.

    ", + "

    Boats being surveyed for the first time must also meet stability requirements outlined in section 11 of Marine Guidance Note 280.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in charge of a business boat

    ", + "

    You must have the correct certificate to be in charge of a small business boat.

    ", + "

    Check the appropriate code of practice for your boat to see which certificate you need.

    ", + "

    Operating overseas

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no international code of practice for the safety of small commercial vessels outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Many countries accept commercial vessels with UK certificates, but you may need to follow local safety laws as well.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "title": "Seafarer working and living rights", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAll seafarers have working and living rights that include:\n\n- employment contracts\n\n- accommodation\n\n- food and medical care\n\nA seafarer is anyone who works on board a seagoing ship, including:\n\n- master and crew\n\n- self-employed contractors\n\n- shopkeepers and hairdressers\n\n- entertainers\n\nA seagoing ship is any vessel:\n\n- on an international voyage or from a foreign port\n\n- on a domestic journey from the UK coast\n\n- more than 500 gross tonnes\n\nThe Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006 came into force on 7 August 2014. It replaced all existing laws on seafarers\u2019 rights.\n\n## Working conditions\n\nThere are minimum requirements seafarers must meet to work at sea.\n\n## Minimum age\n\nThe minimum age for seafarers is 16, although this is 18 if the work involves any:\n\n- night work\n\n- hazardous tasks\n\n## Hazardous tasks\n\nManual tasks on a ship can be hazardous if not done properly, like:\n\n- lifting\n\n- hauling\n\n- mooring\n\n- towing\n\nEmployers of seafarers must ensure their staff:\n\n- know how to operate any equipment correctly\n\n- are aware of safety procedures\n\n- have access to protective personal equipment if needed\n\n## Medical certification for seafarers\n\nAnyone in charge of a ship must have an ENG1 seafarer medical certificate.\n\n## Certificates of competency\n\nSome seafarers will need a certificate of competency before they can carry out certain duties.\n\n## Conditions of employment\n\nSeafarers\u2019 employment contracts are covered by the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006.\n\n## Working time regulations\n\nAll seafarers on seagoing ships are entitled to:\n\n- a minimum of 10 hours\u2019 rest in any 24 hour period\n\n- 77 hours rest in any 7 day period\n\n- at least 4 weeks\u2019 paid annual leave\n\nRead the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002 for more information.\n\n## The 'human element'\n\nThe term \u2018human element\u2019 covers anything to do with the interaction between a human and any system aboard ship, and is of high importance in maritime safety and security.\n\nFactors which affect the human element include:\n\n- recruitment and selection policies and methods\n\n- crew competence, training and experience\n\n- conditions of service, motivation and morale\n\n- design, construction and ergonomics\n\n- standards of build and certification\n\n- maintenance\n\n- stress and fatigue\n\n- security\n\n- living and working conditions\n\n- manning levels and hours of work\n\n- management policies\n\n- safety management systems\n\n- operational systems\n\n- organisational and safety culture\n\n- culture of continuous improvement and workforce engagement\n\nFor more information read \u2018The human element: a guide to human behaviour in the shipping industry\u2019.\n\n## Safe working practices\n\nAll UK ships must carry copies of the \u2018Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen\u2019, unless it\u2019s a fishing boat or pleasure vessel.\n\n## Safe manning of ships\n\nEmployers must ensure their ships have enough properly trained and certificated officers so that it can operate safely at all times.\n\nThere must also be sufficient food on board for the number of seafarers serving.\n\nRead more in \u2018Merchant Shipping Notice 1868 (M) UK requirements for safe manning and watchkeeping\u2019.\n\n## Noise and vibration\n\nA seafarer\u2019s employer must carry out risk assessments to identify who\u2019s at risk from noise or vibration in their work and what can be done to reduce or remove these risks.\n\n## Protective personal equipment (PPE)\n\nA seafarer\u2019s employer must give them suitable protective equipment if they\u2019re performing dangerous tasks.\n\nYou can find further information in the code of safe working practices for merchant seafarers.\n\n## Living conditions\n\nSeafarers\u2019 living conditions are covered by Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) rules on crew accommodation.\n\n## Food and catering\n\nSeafarers\u2019 food and catering conditions are covered by MSN 1845 under MLC rules.\n\n## Health and safety\n\nEmployers of seafarers must follow health and safety rules and provide:\n\n- safe working places and environment\n\n- safe machinery and equipment\n\n- health and safety training, instruction, supervision and information\n\n- a health and safety policy\n\n- protective clothing and equipment where necessary\n\n- information for workers about the findings of their risk assessment\n\n- information on what qualifications any temporary workers must have\n\n- information about their activities and staff to the company\n\n## Risk assessments\n\nAny vessel seafarers work onboard must have had a risk assessment carried out by their employer or the ship owner.\n\n## New or expectant mothers\n\nWhere women of childbearing age are employed as seafarers, a risk assessment must take place of any potential hazard likely to affect a new or expectant mother.\n\nIt does not matter if they are pregnant at the time of the assessment or not.\n\nIf a risk is found that cannot be removed, a new or expectant mother working as a seafarer can be suspended on full pay providing they have either:\n\n- told their employer they\u2019re pregnant\n\n- given birth in the last 6 months\n\n- are breastfeeding\n\nFor more information on health and safety rules for new and expectant mothers, contact the Seafarer Safety and Health Branch of the Maritime and Coastguard Authority (MCA).\n\n## Additional dangers\n\nSeafarers may face additional dangers when living onboard ships.\n\n## Petrol generators\n\nShips that use petrol generators must have a risk assessment carried out to make sure they provide:\n\n- sufficient power for accommodation and lighting\n\n- adequate ventilation\n\n- adequate alarms - for example, carbon monoxide alarms\n\n## Fumigating cargo spaces\n\nIf pesticides are on board a ship, employers must make sure:\n\n- adequate breathing aids are provided for seafarers checking fumigated cargo bulks\n\n- the ship\u2019s destination port is told 24 hours in advance of receiving this cargo\n\n- properly trained personnel check the relevant cargo bulks at port\n\n## Illegal drugs\n\nThe unauthorised presence of drugs on board a ship can have serious legal implications for seafarers and employers, potentially resulting in:\n\n- heavy fines\n\n- detention of a ship\n\n- imprisonment\n\n- the death penalty\n\n## Potentially dangerous cargo\n\nIf seafarers deal with certain toxic cargo or equipment on board ships, their employer must follow a number of specific requirements.\n\nYou can find further information on specialist ships in section 4 of the Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen.\n\n## Health and medical care\n\nEmployers must protect their seafarers\u2019 health by:\n\n- providing immunisations for certain infectious diseases\n\n- making sure hygiene measures are effective and minimise the risks of infection\n\n- making arrangements for infection control\n\n- having the right medical supplies\n\n- knowing the routes and destinations of their ships\n\nUntil the UK made the Maritime Labour Convention (MLA) law, seafarers\u2019 health and safety regulations were covered by the Merchant Shipping Act 1995\n\n## Maritime Labour Convention\n\nThe Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) came into force for the UK on 7 August 2014. It sets out the minimum working and living rights for seafarers.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nThe MLC does not cover seafarers serving on the following boats:\n\n- ships navigating inland or sheltered waters subject to port regulations\n\n- fishing vessels\n\n- warships and naval auxiliaries\n\n- traditional ships, such as dhows\n\n## Minimum requirements\n\nThe MLC sets out minimum standards for seafarers to work on a ship, including:\n\n- minimum age\n\n- medical certification\n\n- training and qualifications\n\n## Age\n\nThe minimum age for seafarers will be 16. Night workers have to be 18 or over.\n\nExceptions can be allowed for:\n\n- training purposes\n\n- where the seafarer\u2019s duties require it, as long as their health and safety is not affected\n\n## Medical certification\n\nAll seafarers must have the right medical certificate to work at sea before they can work on ships.\n\n## Training and qualifications\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers will need to:\n\n- be trained and qualified to perform onboard duties\n\n- receive personal safety training\n\n- for training to conform to International Maritime Organisation standards\n\nFind out more about seafarer training and qualifications.\n\n## Conditions of employment\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers have minimum working rights covering:\n\n- employment agreements\n\n- wages\n\n- hours of rest\n\n- entitlement to leave\n\n- repatriation\n\n- compensation for a ship\u2019s loss or foundering\n\n- manning levels\n\n- career and skills development\n\n- employment opportunities\n\n## Employment contracts\n\nThe convention makes sure contracts between seafarers and shipowner provide fair living and working conditions.\n\nContracts should be in English and include:\n\n- shipowner\u2019s name and address\n\n- seafarer\u2019s name, date and place of birth\n\n- place and date where agreement signed\n\n- conditions for the termination of agreement\n\n- health and social security protection benefits provided by shipowner\n\n- seafarer\u2019s right to repatriation\n\nSeafarers must also be:\n\n- allowed to read and consider contracts before signing them\n\n- given a record of their employment\n\n- given their own copy of their contract (the shipowner should also have a copy)\n\n## Wages\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers\u2019 wages must be:\n\n- paid regularly - for example, monthly\n\n- include monthly statements of accounts\n\n- allow seafarers to transfer part or all of their wages\n\n- keep currency conversion charges to reasonable limits\n\n## Hours of rest\n\nHours of rest must be at least:\n\n- 10 hours in any 24 hour period\n\n- 77 hours in any 7 day period\n\nCrew exercises, such as lifeboat drills, must cause minimal disruption to rest periods. Seafarers called out in a rest period are entitled to a rest period to make up for it.\n\nYou can read Merchant Shipping Notice (MSN) 1848 (M) Amendment 3 MLC survey and certification of UK ships.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers are entitled to paid leave calculated at 2.5 days per calendar month of employment.\n\nRead more about holiday pay for seafarers in the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002.\n\n## Repatriation\n\nThis gives seafarers the right to be returned to their home country:\n\n- when their employment contract ends or is cancelled\n\n- when they\u2019re no longer able to carry out their duties\n\n- in the event of shipwreck\n\n- if their ship is bound for a war zone they have not agreed to go to\n\nShipowners cannot request advance payment for repatriation from seafarers. If a shipowner does not make repatriation arrangements, seafarers on UK ships can be repatriated by the MCA.\n\n## Accommodation and recreational facilities\n\nThe Maritime and Labour Convention (MLC) ensures seafarers have access to decent accommodation and recreational facilities when living on ships.\n\n## Medical care\n\nThese cover seafarers\u2019 rights to:\n\n- decent on board health protection facilities, including essential dental care\n\n- the right to visit qualified medical personnel while in port\n\n- access to a qualified medical doctor on ships carrying more than 100 people on international voyages lasting more than 3 days\n\n- where there is no doctor on board, there must be designated and able seafarer(s) to provide first aid and medical care\n\n## Shipowner\u2019s liabilities\n\nUnder the MLC, if a seafarer suffers accident or disability because of their work the shipowner must provide where necessary:\n\n- assistance and medical care\n\n- repatriation\n\n- burial or cremation, if they die\n\nThe shipowner must have financial cover in case they are liable for compensation for long-term disability or illness.\n\nA shipowner is not liable when an injury is not related to a seafarer\u2019s duties, when it\u2019s caused by wilful misconduct or when a seafarer intentionally hides an illness or disability.\n\n## Health and safety protection\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers\u2019 work environments on ships must:\n\n- have regular risk assessments of workplace hazards - for example, from machinery\n\n- take steps to prevent work accidents\n\n- have a system for reporting accidents and occupational diseases\n\n## Enforcement\n\nUnder the MLC, the MCA can withdraw a ship\u2019s maritime labour certificate if seafarer living and working conditions are breached.\n\n## Complaints\n\nSeafarers can complain if the MLC has not been followed. On board a ship seafarers can complain to a manager. On shore seafarers can complain to an MCA surveyor.\n\nRead MSN 1849 On-board complaints procedure and Marine Guidance Note (MGN) 487 Onshore complaints procedure.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    All seafarers have working and living rights that include:

    ", + "
  • employment contracts
    • ", + "
  • accommodation
    • ", + "
  • food and medical care
    • ", + "

    A seafarer is anyone who works on board a seagoing ship, including:

    ", + "
  • master and crew
    • ", + "
  • self-employed contractors
    • ", + "
  • shopkeepers and hairdressers
    • ", + "
  • entertainers
    • ", + "

    A seagoing ship is any vessel:

    ", + "
  • on an international voyage or from a foreign port
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic journey from the UK coast
    • ", + "
  • more than 500 gross tonnes
    • ", + "

    The Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006 came into force on 7 August 2014. It replaced all existing laws on seafarers\u2019 rights.

    ", + "

    Working conditions

    ", + "

    There are minimum requirements seafarers must meet to work at sea.

    ", + "

    Minimum age

    ", + "

    The minimum age for seafarers is 16, although this is 18 if the work involves any:

    ", + "
  • night work
    • ", + "
  • hazardous tasks
    • ", + "

    Hazardous tasks

    ", + "

    Manual tasks on a ship can be hazardous if not done properly, like:

    ", + "
  • lifting
    • ", + "
  • hauling
    • ", + "
  • mooring
    • ", + "
  • towing
    • ", + "

    Employers of seafarers must ensure their staff:

    ", + "
  • know how to operate any equipment correctly
    • ", + "
  • are aware of safety procedures
    • ", + "
  • have access to protective personal equipment if needed
    • ", + "

    Medical certification for seafarers

    ", + "

    Anyone in charge of a ship must have an ENG1 seafarer medical certificate.

    ", + "

    Certificates of competency

    ", + "

    Some seafarers will need a certificate of competency before they can carry out certain duties.

    ", + "

    Conditions of employment

    ", + "

    Seafarers\u2019 employment contracts are covered by the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006.

    ", + "

    Working time regulations

    ", + "

    All seafarers on seagoing ships are entitled to:

    ", + "
  • a minimum of 10 hours\u2019 rest in any 24 hour period
    • ", + "
  • 77 hours rest in any 7 day period
    • ", + "
  • at least 4 weeks\u2019 paid annual leave
    • ", + "

    Read the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002 for more information.

    ", + "

    The 'human element'

    ", + "

    The term \u2018human element\u2019 covers anything to do with the interaction between a human and any system aboard ship, and is of high importance in maritime safety and security.

    ", + "

    Factors which affect the human element include:

    ", + "
  • recruitment and selection policies and methods
    • ", + "
  • crew competence, training and experience
    • ", + "
  • conditions of service, motivation and morale
    • ", + "
  • design, construction and ergonomics
    • ", + "
  • standards of build and certification
    • ", + "
  • maintenance
    • ", + "
  • stress and fatigue
    • ", + "
  • security
    • ", + "
  • living and working conditions
    • ", + "
  • manning levels and hours of work
    • ", + "
  • management policies
    • ", + "
  • safety management systems
    • ", + "
  • operational systems
    • ", + "
  • organisational and safety culture
    • ", + "
  • culture of continuous improvement and workforce engagement
    • ", + "

    For more information read \u2018The human element: a guide to human behaviour in the shipping industry\u2019.

    ", + "

    Safe working practices

    ", + "

    All UK ships must carry copies of the \u2018Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen\u2019, unless it\u2019s a fishing boat or pleasure vessel.

    ", + "

    Safe manning of ships

    ", + "

    Employers must ensure their ships have enough properly trained and certificated officers so that it can operate safely at all times.

    ", + "

    There must also be sufficient food on board for the number of seafarers serving.

    ", + "

    Read more in \u2018Merchant Shipping Notice 1868 (M) UK requirements for safe manning and watchkeeping\u2019.

    ", + "

    Noise and vibration

    ", + "

    A seafarer\u2019s employer must carry out risk assessments to identify who\u2019s at risk from noise or vibration in their work and what can be done to reduce or remove these risks.

    ", + "

    Protective personal equipment (PPE)

    ", + "

    A seafarer\u2019s employer must give them suitable protective equipment if they\u2019re performing dangerous tasks.

    ", + "

    You can find further information in the code of safe working practices for merchant seafarers.

    ", + "

    Living conditions

    ", + "

    Seafarers\u2019 living conditions are covered by Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) rules on crew accommodation.

    ", + "

    Food and catering

    ", + "

    Seafarers\u2019 food and catering conditions are covered by MSN 1845 under MLC rules.

    ", + "

    Health and safety

    ", + "

    Employers of seafarers must follow health and safety rules and provide:

    ", + "
  • safe working places and environment
    • ", + "
  • safe machinery and equipment
    • ", + "
  • health and safety training, instruction, supervision and information
    • ", + "
  • a health and safety policy
    • ", + "
  • protective clothing and equipment where necessary
    • ", + "
  • information for workers about the findings of their risk assessment
    • ", + "
  • information on what qualifications any temporary workers must have
    • ", + "
  • information about their activities and staff to the company
    • ", + "

    Risk assessments

    ", + "

    Any vessel seafarers work onboard must have had a risk assessment carried out by their employer or the ship owner.

    ", + "

    New or expectant mothers

    ", + "

    Where women of childbearing age are employed as seafarers, a risk assessment must take place of any potential hazard likely to affect a new or expectant mother.

    ", + "

    It does not matter if they are pregnant at the time of the assessment or not.

    ", + "

    If a risk is found that cannot be removed, a new or expectant mother working as a seafarer can be suspended on full pay providing they have either:

    ", + "
  • told their employer they\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "
  • given birth in the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • are breastfeeding
    • ", + "

    For more information on health and safety rules for new and expectant mothers, contact the Seafarer Safety and Health Branch of the Maritime and Coastguard Authority (MCA).

    ", + "

    Additional dangers

    ", + "

    Seafarers may face additional dangers when living onboard ships.

    ", + "

    Petrol generators

    ", + "

    Ships that use petrol generators must have a risk assessment carried out to make sure they provide:

    ", + "
  • sufficient power for accommodation and lighting
    • ", + "
  • adequate ventilation
    • ", + "
  • adequate alarms - for example, carbon monoxide alarms
    • ", + "

    Fumigating cargo spaces

    ", + "

    If pesticides are on board a ship, employers must make sure:

    ", + "
  • adequate breathing aids are provided for seafarers checking fumigated cargo bulks
    • ", + "
  • the ship\u2019s destination port is told 24 hours in advance of receiving this cargo
    • ", + "
  • properly trained personnel check the relevant cargo bulks at port
    • ", + "

    Illegal drugs

    ", + "

    The unauthorised presence of drugs on board a ship can have serious legal implications for seafarers and employers, potentially resulting in:

    ", + "
  • heavy fines
    • ", + "
  • detention of a ship
    • ", + "
  • imprisonment
    • ", + "
  • the death penalty
    • ", + "

    Potentially dangerous cargo

    ", + "

    If seafarers deal with certain toxic cargo or equipment on board ships, their employer must follow a number of specific requirements.

    ", + "

    You can find further information on specialist ships in section 4 of the Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen.

    ", + "

    Health and medical care

    ", + "

    Employers must protect their seafarers\u2019 health by:

    ", + "
  • providing immunisations for certain infectious diseases
    • ", + "
  • making sure hygiene measures are effective and minimise the risks of infection
    • ", + "
  • making arrangements for infection control
    • ", + "
  • having the right medical supplies
    • ", + "
  • knowing the routes and destinations of their ships
    • ", + "

    Until the UK made the Maritime Labour Convention (MLA) law, seafarers\u2019 health and safety regulations were covered by the Merchant Shipping Act 1995

    ", + "

    Maritime Labour Convention

    ", + "

    The Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) came into force for the UK on 7 August 2014. It sets out the minimum working and living rights for seafarers.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    The MLC does not cover seafarers serving on the following boats:

    ", + "
  • ships navigating inland or sheltered waters subject to port regulations
    • ", + "
  • fishing vessels
    • ", + "
  • warships and naval auxiliaries
    • ", + "
  • traditional ships, such as dhows
    • ", + "

    Minimum requirements

    ", + "

    The MLC sets out minimum standards for seafarers to work on a ship, including:

    ", + "
  • minimum age
    • ", + "
  • medical certification
    • ", + "
  • training and qualifications
    • ", + "

    Age

    ", + "

    The minimum age for seafarers will be 16. Night workers have to be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    Exceptions can be allowed for:

    ", + "
  • training purposes
    • ", + "
  • where the seafarer\u2019s duties require it, as long as their health and safety is not affected
    • ", + "

    Medical certification

    ", + "

    All seafarers must have the right medical certificate to work at sea before they can work on ships.

    ", + "

    Training and qualifications

    ", + "

    Under the MLC, seafarers will need to:

    ", + "
  • be trained and qualified to perform onboard duties
    • ", + "
  • receive personal safety training
    • ", + "
  • for training to conform to International Maritime Organisation standards
    • ", + "

    Find out more about seafarer training and qualifications.

    ", + "

    Conditions of employment

    ", + "

    Under the MLC, seafarers have minimum working rights covering:

    ", + "
  • employment agreements
    • ", + "
  • wages
    • ", + "
  • hours of rest
    • ", + "
  • entitlement to leave
    • ", + "
  • repatriation
    • ", + "
  • compensation for a ship\u2019s loss or foundering
    • ", + "
  • manning levels
    • ", + "
  • career and skills development
    • ", + "
  • employment opportunities
    • ", + "

    Employment contracts

    ", + "

    The convention makes sure contracts between seafarers and shipowner provide fair living and working conditions.

    ", + "

    Contracts should be in English and include:

    ", + "
  • shipowner\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • seafarer\u2019s name, date and place of birth
    • ", + "
  • place and date where agreement signed
    • ", + "
  • conditions for the termination of agreement
    • ", + "
  • health and social security protection benefits provided by shipowner
    • ", + "
  • seafarer\u2019s right to repatriation
    • ", + "

    Seafarers must also be:

    ", + "
  • allowed to read and consider contracts before signing them
    • ", + "
  • given a record of their employment
    • ", + "
  • given their own copy of their contract (the shipowner should also have a copy)
    • ", + "

    Wages

    ", + "

    Under the MLC, seafarers\u2019 wages must be:

    ", + "
  • paid regularly - for example, monthly
    • ", + "
  • include monthly statements of accounts
    • ", + "
  • allow seafarers to transfer part or all of their wages
    • ", + "
  • keep currency conversion charges to reasonable limits
    • ", + "

    Hours of rest

    ", + "

    Hours of rest must be at least:

    ", + "
  • 10 hours in any 24 hour period
    • ", + "
  • 77 hours in any 7 day period
    • ", + "

    Crew exercises, such as lifeboat drills, must cause minimal disruption to rest periods. Seafarers called out in a rest period are entitled to a rest period to make up for it.

    ", + "

    You can read Merchant Shipping Notice (MSN) 1848 (M) Amendment 3 MLC survey and certification of UK ships.

    ", + "

    Holiday pay

    ", + "

    Under the MLC, seafarers are entitled to paid leave calculated at 2.5 days per calendar month of employment.

    ", + "

    Read more about holiday pay for seafarers in the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002.

    ", + "

    Repatriation

    ", + "

    This gives seafarers the right to be returned to their home country:

    ", + "
  • when their employment contract ends or is cancelled
    • ", + "
  • when they\u2019re no longer able to carry out their duties
    • ", + "
  • in the event of shipwreck
    • ", + "
  • if their ship is bound for a war zone they have not agreed to go to
    • ", + "

    Shipowners cannot request advance payment for repatriation from seafarers. If a shipowner does not make repatriation arrangements, seafarers on UK ships can be repatriated by the MCA.

    ", + "

    Accommodation and recreational facilities

    ", + "

    The Maritime and Labour Convention (MLC) ensures seafarers have access to decent accommodation and recreational facilities when living on ships.

    ", + "

    Medical care

    ", + "

    These cover seafarers\u2019 rights to:

    ", + "
  • decent on board health protection facilities, including essential dental care
    • ", + "
  • the right to visit qualified medical personnel while in port
    • ", + "
  • access to a qualified medical doctor on ships carrying more than 100 people on international voyages lasting more than 3 days
    • ", + "
  • where there is no doctor on board, there must be designated and able seafarer(s) to provide first aid and medical care
    • ", + "

    Shipowner\u2019s liabilities

    ", + "

    Under the MLC, if a seafarer suffers accident or disability because of their work the shipowner must provide where necessary:

    ", + "
  • assistance and medical care
    • ", + "
  • repatriation
    • ", + "
  • burial or cremation, if they die
    • ", + "

    The shipowner must have financial cover in case they are liable for compensation for long-term disability or illness.

    ", + "

    A shipowner is not liable when an injury is not related to a seafarer\u2019s duties, when it\u2019s caused by wilful misconduct or when a seafarer intentionally hides an illness or disability.

    ", + "

    Health and safety protection

    ", + "

    Under the MLC, seafarers\u2019 work environments on ships must:

    ", + "
  • have regular risk assessments of workplace hazards - for example, from machinery
    • ", + "
  • take steps to prevent work accidents
    • ", + "
  • have a system for reporting accidents and occupational diseases
    • ", + "

    Enforcement

    ", + "

    Under the MLC, the MCA can withdraw a ship\u2019s maritime labour certificate if seafarer living and working conditions are breached.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Seafarers can complain if the MLC has not been followed. On board a ship seafarers can complain to a manager. On shore seafarers can complain to an MCA surveyor.

    ", + "

    Read MSN 1849 On-board complaints procedure and Marine Guidance Note (MGN) 487 Onshore complaints procedure.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/claim-tax-credits": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-tax-credits", + "title": "How to claim tax credits", + "content": "## How to claim\n\nTax credits have been replaced by Universal Credit.\n\nYou can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit or Working Tax Credit if you already get tax credits. You\u2019ll need to update your existing tax credit claim by\u00a0reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.\n\nIf you cannot apply for tax credits, you can apply for Universal Credit instead.\n\nYou might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.\n\n## When to claim\n\nApply as soon as you know you\u2019re eligible so you get all the money you\u2019re entitled to.\n\nYou can claim tax credits at any time of year.\n\n## If you know your income will go down\n\nApply straight away if you know your income will drop to a level that means you\u2019ll be eligible for tax credits.\n\nFor example, you could make a claim now if you found out your income is going to drop in 6 months\u2019 time.\n\nThe income levels for Working Tax Credit and Child Tax Credit are different.\n\nUsually, tax credits are backdated by up to 31 days from the start of your claim.\n\n## Joint claims\n\nYou can apply for tax credits as a single person, or as a couple (known as a \u2018joint claim\u2019) if you\u2019re both 16 or over and living in the UK.\n\nUsually, you must make a joint claim if:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership (and not permanently or legally separated)\n\n- you live with your partner as though you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re temporarily living away from one another, for example looking after a relative or working away from home\n\n- your partner is working abroad for the government\n\nYou might also need to make a joint claim if you and your partner are not married or in a civil partnership, but:\n\n- sometimes live in the same house\n\n- have a joint financial agreement\n\n- have dependent children\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou do not always make a joint claim because you have a partner. For example, make a single claim if:\n\n- you live in the UK but your partner lives abroad (unless your partner works for the government)\n\n- you both live abroad, you\u2019re from the EEA or Switzerland and you work in the UK but your partner does not\n\n## If you\u2019re not sure\n\nCall HM Revenue and Customs to find out if you should make a joint claim.\n\nYou must pay back any tax credits you\u2019re not entitled to if you do not make the right sort of application.\n\n## Backdate a claim\n\nWhen you make a claim, your tax credits are usually backdated automatically by up to 31 days. You do not have to do anything.\n\n## If you\u2019re claiming other benefits\n\nYou have to ask for your tax credits to be backdated if you get:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-based)\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)\n\n- Pension Credit\n\nYou might not get the full backdated claim if you stopped getting one of these benefits in the last 31 days and you\u2019re claiming both Child Tax Credit and Working Tax Credit.\n\n## Backdating by more than 31 days\n\nTax credit claims can sometimes be backdated by more than 31 days if you:\n\n- apply within a month of getting refugee status\n\n- apply within 31 days of qualifying for certain sickness or disability benefits, such as Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment\n\nDo not apply to backdate these claims until you\u2019ve been given a decision on your refugee status or disability benefits.\n\nYou should still apply for other tax credits if you already qualify for them, for example if you have children.\n\n## How to backdate a claim\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming over the phone, call HM Revenue and Customs to ask them to backdate your claim.\n\nIf you\u2019re using claim form, include a page confirming:\n\n- your name, address and National Insurance number\n\n- the date you started work\n\n- the date you started getting one of the benefits listed, if you\u2019re not in work\n\n- the date you got a decision on your refugee status or disability benefits - if you\u2019re applying to backdate by more than 31 days\n\n## What counts as income\n\nUsually, what you\u2019re entitled to is based on your income for the last tax year (6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021).\n\nIncome includes:\n\n- money from employment before tax and National Insurance, including if you cannot work but you\u2019re still getting paid (\u2018on furlough\u2019) - check your P60s, P45s or payslips\n\n- earnings if you\u2019re self-employed before tax and National Insurance, including grants from the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme - check your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- money from some coronavirus (COVID-19) payments\n\n- benefits from your employer (check your P11D)\n\n- certain state benefits\n\n- money from a pension - including your State Pension\n\n- interest on savings\n\n- your partner\u2019s income - if you make a joint claim\n\n- UK company dividends\n\n- profit from a property you own or rent out in the UK\n\n- earnings from the Rent a Room Scheme above \u00a37,500 (or \u00a33,750 if you\u2019re a joint owner)\n\n- payment above \u00a330,000 because your job ended\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has detailed guidance if you need help working out your income.\n\n## Benefits\n\nIncome includes money from UK state benefits (or their foreign equivalents) except income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) or \u2018tax-free\u2019 benefits. Tax-free benefits include:\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n- Personal Independence Payment\n\n- the foreign equivalents of UK tax-free benefits\n\nTo support your claim, keep records of your income, bills, payslips, benefits, tax credits, childcare and child\u2019s education for the current tax year and at least 2 years before that.\n\n## Work out your hours\n\nPut the number of hours you work in a normal week on your claim form.\n\nAdd all your hours together if you have more than one job.\n\nIf you\u2019ve just started work put the hours you expect to work.\n\n| Type of work | How to work out your hours |\n\n| Employed | Include overtime, but not unpaid breaks |\n\n| Self-employed | Include all the time you spend on your business (once you\u2019ve set it up) |\n\n| Seasonal | Put the hours you\u2019re working at the moment |\n\n| Regular term-time | Put the hours you work during term time |\n\n| Agency | Decide your normal hours with your employer |\n\n| On-call | Only count the hours you\u2019re called to work |\n\n| On standby | Do not count the time when you\u2019re not paid |", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Tax credits have been replaced by Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    You can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit or Working Tax Credit if you already get tax credits. You\u2019ll need to update your existing tax credit claim by\u00a0reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply for tax credits, you can apply for Universal Credit instead.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.

    ", + "

    When to claim

    ", + "

    Apply as soon as you know you\u2019re eligible so you get all the money you\u2019re entitled to.

    ", + "

    You can claim tax credits at any time of year.

    ", + "

    If you know your income will go down

    ", + "

    Apply straight away if you know your income will drop to a level that means you\u2019ll be eligible for tax credits.

    ", + "

    For example, you could make a claim now if you found out your income is going to drop in 6 months\u2019 time.

    ", + "

    The income levels for Working Tax Credit and Child Tax Credit are different.

    ", + "

    Usually, tax credits are backdated by up to 31 days from the start of your claim.

    ", + "

    Joint claims

    ", + "

    You can apply for tax credits as a single person, or as a couple (known as a \u2018joint claim\u2019) if you\u2019re both 16 or over and living in the UK.

    ", + "

    Usually, you must make a joint claim if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership (and not permanently or legally separated)
    • ", + "
  • you live with your partner as though you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re temporarily living away from one another, for example looking after a relative or working away from home
    • ", + "
  • your partner is working abroad for the government
    • ", + "

    You might also need to make a joint claim if you and your partner are not married or in a civil partnership, but:

    ", + "
  • sometimes live in the same house
    • ", + "
  • have a joint financial agreement
    • ", + "
  • have dependent children
    • ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You do not always make a joint claim because you have a partner. For example, make a single claim if:

    ", + "
  • you live in the UK but your partner lives abroad (unless your partner works for the government)
    • ", + "
  • you both live abroad, you\u2019re from the EEA or Switzerland and you work in the UK but your partner does not
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure

    ", + "

    Call HM Revenue and Customs to find out if you should make a joint claim.

    ", + "

    You must pay back any tax credits you\u2019re not entitled to if you do not make the right sort of application.

    ", + "

    Backdate a claim

    ", + "

    When you make a claim, your tax credits are usually backdated automatically by up to 31 days. You do not have to do anything.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming other benefits

    ", + "

    You have to ask for your tax credits to be backdated if you get:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-based)
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "

    You might not get the full backdated claim if you stopped getting one of these benefits in the last 31 days and you\u2019re claiming both Child Tax Credit and Working Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    Backdating by more than 31 days

    ", + "

    Tax credit claims can sometimes be backdated by more than 31 days if you:

    ", + "
  • apply within a month of getting refugee status
    • ", + "
  • apply within 31 days of qualifying for certain sickness or disability benefits, such as Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    Do not apply to backdate these claims until you\u2019ve been given a decision on your refugee status or disability benefits.

    ", + "

    You should still apply for other tax credits if you already qualify for them, for example if you have children.

    ", + "

    How to backdate a claim

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming over the phone, call HM Revenue and Customs to ask them to backdate your claim.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using claim form, include a page confirming:

    ", + "
  • your name, address and National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • the date you started work
    • ", + "
  • the date you started getting one of the benefits listed, if you\u2019re not in work
    • ", + "
  • the date you got a decision on your refugee status or disability benefits - if you\u2019re applying to backdate by more than 31 days
    • ", + "

    What counts as income

    ", + "

    Usually, what you\u2019re entitled to is based on your income for the last tax year (6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021).

    ", + "

    Income includes:

    ", + "
  • money from employment before tax and National Insurance, including if you cannot work but you\u2019re still getting paid (\u2018on furlough\u2019) - check your P60s, P45s or payslips
    • ", + "
  • earnings if you\u2019re self-employed before tax and National Insurance, including grants from the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme - check your Self Assessment tax return
    • ", + "
  • money from some coronavirus (COVID-19) payments
    • ", + "
  • benefits from your employer (check your P11D)
    • ", + "
  • certain state benefits
    • ", + "
  • money from a pension - including your State Pension
    • ", + "
  • interest on savings
    • ", + "
  • your partner\u2019s income - if you make a joint claim
    • ", + "
  • UK company dividends
    • ", + "
  • profit from a property you own or rent out in the UK
    • ", + "
  • earnings from the Rent a Room Scheme above \u00a37,500 (or \u00a33,750 if you\u2019re a joint owner)
    • ", + "
  • payment above \u00a330,000 because your job ended
    • ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has detailed guidance if you need help working out your income.

    ", + "

    Benefits

    ", + "

    Income includes money from UK state benefits (or their foreign equivalents) except income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) or \u2018tax-free\u2019 benefits. Tax-free benefits include:

    ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • the foreign equivalents of UK tax-free benefits
    • ", + "

    To support your claim, keep records of your income, bills, payslips, benefits, tax credits, childcare and child\u2019s education for the current tax year and at least 2 years before that.

    ", + "

    Work out your hours

    ", + "

    Put the number of hours you work in a normal week on your claim form.

    ", + "

    Add all your hours together if you have more than one job.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve just started work put the hours you expect to work.

    ", + "Type of work | How to work out your hours", + "Employed | Include overtime, but not unpaid breaks", + "Self-employed | Include all the time you spend on your business (once you\u2019ve set it up)", + "Seasonal | Put the hours you\u2019re working at the moment", + "Regular term-time | Put the hours you work during term time", + "Agency | Decide your normal hours with your employer", + "On-call | Only count the hours you\u2019re called to work", + "On standby | Do not count the time when you\u2019re not paid" + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-if-moving-country-or-travelling": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-if-moving-country-or-travelling", + "title": "Tax credits if you leave or move to the UK", + "content": "## Your family lives abroad\n\nIf your partner is outside the UK and you do not have children, check the Working Tax Credit guidance for information on whether you can continue to claim.\n\n## You have a child who lives abroad\n\nIf you already get Working Tax Credit and want to add Child Tax Credit to your claim, check if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nIf you already get Child Tax Credit, you may be able to make a claim for an additional child if:\n\n- you are working in the UK\n\n- the child is living in the EEA or Switzerland\n\n- you are supporting the child\n\nYou must also be one of the following:\n\n- an EEA or Swiss citizen who has settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- an EEA or Swiss citizen who had a right to reside in the UK on 31 December 2020\n\n- a family member of an EEA or Swiss citizen (who has settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or had a right to reside in the UK on 31 December 2020) and you are residing in the UK\n\n- a person with dual nationality, one of which is nationality of an EEA country or Switzerland\n\n- covered by any of the other conditions in the Withdrawal Agreement with the EEA and Switzerland\n\nYou usually cannot claim for a child who lives outside the EEA or Switzerland. There\u2019s an exception if your partner is a Crown servant posted abroad.\n\nYou must let HMRC know within a month if your partner or child join you in the UK. This is because your tax credits payments may change.\n\n## Your partner gets benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland\n\nIf you\u2019ve got children and your partner gets benefits paid by an EEA country or Switzerland, this may affect your tax credits. You must tell HMRC if you or your partner are paid benefits by an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\nSome benefits are counted as income, for example benefits paid because of unemployment.\n\n## Going abroad\n\nYour tax credits will stop if you expect to be away for one year or more.\n\nYou may still qualify for tax credits if you go abroad for a short period, for example on holiday or for medical treatment.\n\n| Reason for leaving | How long you can get tax credits for |\n\n| Medical treatment for yourself, your partner or your child | Up to 12 weeks |\n\n| Death of your partner, a child or close relative of either you or your partner | Up to 12 weeks |\n\n| Any other reason, for example holidays or business | Up to 8 weeks |\n\nIf your trip is going to last longer than 8 or 12 weeks, contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within a month. Your tax credits will end unless:\n\n- you get UK benefits or State Pension and you live in another European country with a child\n\n- you work and pay National Insurance contributions in the UK, but your family lives in another European country\n\n## You live outside the UK\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if you\u2019re a Crown servant posted overseas or you live abroad with your child and get UK benefits or the State Pension.\n\n## You\u2019re a Crown servant posted overseas\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits, just as if you were living in the UK. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will treat you as being in the UK if any of the following applies:\n\n- you are, or were just before you were posted abroad, \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve had a series of postings abroad, with no breaks in between - and you are or were \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK immediately before the first of those postings\n\n- you were in the UK just before you were posted abroad and the reason you were in the UK was connected to your posting - this can apply to a single posting or to a series of postings\n\n## Ordinarily resident\n\nOrdinarily resident means you normally live in the UK, and plan to stay here for the time being. When HMRC decides if you\u2019re ordinarily resident in the UK they\u2019ll look at things like:\n\n- where your settled home is\n\n- where your close family live\n\n- why you came to the UK\n\n- if you plan to leave the UK permanently in the next 2 or 3 years\n\n## Your partner\u2019s a Crown servant posted overseas\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if your partner\u2019s a Crown servant posted outside the UK and you:\n\n- live with your partner while they work abroad\n\n- live in the UK while your partner works abroad\n\nYou do not need to be ordinarily resident in the UK during the time you\u2019re with your Crown servant partner overseas.\n\n## You have a child - and get UK benefits or State Pension\n\nIf none of the sections above apply to you, you may continue to get Child Tax Credit (or add it to an existing Working Tax Credit claim) if you and your child live in a European Union (EU) member state and you get State Pension or one of the following benefits:\n\n- Incapacity Benefit\n\n- State Pension\n\n- Widow\u2019s Benefit\n\n- Bereavement Benefit\n\n- Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit\n\n- contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Severe Disablement Allowance\n\nYou will not be able to get Child Tax Credit if you do not live in an EU member state, unless you (or your partner) are a Crown servant posted abroad.\n\n## Moving to the UK\n\nYou must have been living in the UK for 3 months before you were eligible to claim Child Tax Credit if you moved to the UK on or after 1 July 2014 and do not have a job. This does not apply if you:\n\n- are a family member of someone who works or is self-employed\n\n- are a refugee\n\n- have been granted discretionary leave to enter or stay in the UK and you can get benefits\n\n- have been given leave to stay as a displaced person and you can get benefits\n\n- have been given to leave to stay and have applied for settlement as a victim of domestic violence\n\n- have been granted humanitarian protection\n\n- were made redundant in the UK (or your family member was) and you\u2019re looking for a job or in training\n\n- were working in the UK before but temporarily cannot work because of your health or an accident\n\n- have been abroad for less than a year but usually live in the UK and were claiming Child Tax Credits before moving\n\n- have been abroad for less than a year but usually live in the UK and were in the UK for at least 3 months before moving\n\n- paid Class 1 or Class 2 National Insurance contributions while you were working abroad, and paid these in the 3 month period before returning to the UK\n\n## Cross-border workers\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if you regularly travel from:\n\n- another country to work in the UK\n\n- the UK to work in another country\n\n## Working Tax Credit\n\nYou may continue to get Working Tax Credit if you live in:\n\n- an EEA country (including Switzerland) and work in the UK\n\n- the UK and work in an EEA country (including Switzerland)\n\n## Child Tax Credit\n\nYou and your partner - if you have one - may continue to get Child Tax Credit for your children if:\n\n- you work in the UK\n\n- you pay National Insurance as a worker here\n\n- your child lives in an EEA country or in Switzerland\n\n- your child is living with your partner or someone else and they depend on you to support them\n\nYou usually cannot claim for a child who lives outside the EEA or Switzerland. There\u2019s an exception if your partner is a Crown servant posted abroad.\n\n## Childcare costs\n\nYou can usually claim help for your childcare costs through the childcare element of Working Tax Credit.\n\nTo qualify your children must either:\n\n- be in registered or approved childcare in the UK\n\n- be in childcare approved by a Ministry of Defence accreditation scheme abroad - if you\u2019re a Crown servant posted abroad\n\n## Immigration control\n\nYou usually cannot get tax credits if you\u2019re \u2018subject to immigration control\u2019, although there are some exceptions. You\u2019ll still need to meet the other qualifying rules, for example work the right number of hours.\n\nWhen you arrived in the UK your passport may have been stamped. The stamp shows the conditions of your stay in the UK, for example \u2018no recourse to public funds\u2019. Public funds include tax credits and most benefits.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if:\n\n- your partner lives in the UK and is not subject to immigration control\n\n- one of the examples below applies to you or your partner\n\n## You have permission to stay in the UK because someone else supports you\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if someone else is responsible for your maintenance while you\u2019re in the UK. This means they pay for your upkeep and provide you with somewhere to live. This person is often called your \u2018sponsor\u2019, and could be a friend, employer or relative.\n\nAll of the following must apply:\n\n- your sponsor has given the Home Office a written statement saying that they\u2019re sponsoring you\n\n- your sponsor has permission to stay in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living permanently in the UK for at least 5 years, either since you came into the UK or since you started being sponsored (whichever date is later)\n\nYou may also continue to get tax credits if you\u2019ve been living in the UK for fewer than 5 years, but:\n\n- your sponsor has died\n\n- all your sponsors - if you had more than one - have died\n\n## You\u2019re from Albania, Morocco, San Marino or Tunisia\n\nYou cannot get Working Tax Credit.\n\nYou may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you\u2019re either working in the UK or you\u2019re not working because you\u2019re:\n\n- retired\n\n- pregnant or looking after children\n\n- sick or disabled or your partner has died\n\n## You\u2019re from Turkey\n\nTo continue to get Working Tax Credit you need to be lawfully present in the UK and a Turkish national.\n\nYou may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you\u2019re either working in the UK or you\u2019re not working because you\u2019re:\n\n- retired\n\n- pregnant or looking after children\n\n- sick or disabled or your partner has died\n\n## You\u2019re from North Macedonia\n\nYou may continue to get Working Tax Credit if you\u2019re a national of North Macedonia. You\u2019ll need to be lawfully present in the UK.\n\nYou cannot normally get Child Tax Credit. However, you may continue to if you\u2019ve been getting payments for your children through Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## You claimed asylum before 5 February 2006\n\nYou may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you received financial support for your children through Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Your family lives abroad

    ", + "

    If your partner is outside the UK and you do not have children, check the Working Tax Credit guidance for information on whether you can continue to claim.

    ", + "

    You have a child who lives abroad

    ", + "

    If you already get Working Tax Credit and want to add Child Tax Credit to your claim, check if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    If you already get Child Tax Credit, you may be able to make a claim for an additional child if:

    ", + "
  • you are working in the UK
    • ", + "
  • the child is living in the EEA or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • you are supporting the child
    • ", + "

    You must also be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • an EEA or Swiss citizen who has settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • an EEA or Swiss citizen who had a right to reside in the UK on 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • a family member of an EEA or Swiss citizen (who has settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or had a right to reside in the UK on 31 December 2020) and you are residing in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a person with dual nationality, one of which is nationality of an EEA country or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • covered by any of the other conditions in the Withdrawal Agreement with the EEA and Switzerland
    • ", + "

    You usually cannot claim for a child who lives outside the EEA or Switzerland. There\u2019s an exception if your partner is a Crown servant posted abroad.

    ", + "

    You must let HMRC know within a month if your partner or child join you in the UK. This is because your tax credits payments may change.

    ", + "

    Your partner gets benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve got children and your partner gets benefits paid by an EEA country or Switzerland, this may affect your tax credits. You must tell HMRC if you or your partner are paid benefits by an EEA country or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Some benefits are counted as income, for example benefits paid because of unemployment.

    ", + "

    Going abroad

    ", + "

    Your tax credits will stop if you expect to be away for one year or more.

    ", + "

    You may still qualify for tax credits if you go abroad for a short period, for example on holiday or for medical treatment.

    ", + "Reason for leaving | How long you can get tax credits for", + "Medical treatment for yourself, your partner or your child | Up to 12 weeks", + "Death of your partner, a child or close relative of either you or your partner | Up to 12 weeks", + "Any other reason, for example holidays or business | Up to 8 weeks", + "

    If your trip is going to last longer than 8 or 12 weeks, contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within a month. Your tax credits will end unless:

    ", + "
  • you get UK benefits or State Pension and you live in another European country with a child
    • ", + "
  • you work and pay National Insurance contributions in the UK, but your family lives in another European country
    • ", + "

    You live outside the UK

    ", + "

    You may continue to get tax credits if you\u2019re a Crown servant posted overseas or you live abroad with your child and get UK benefits or the State Pension.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a Crown servant posted overseas

    ", + "

    You may continue to get tax credits, just as if you were living in the UK. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will treat you as being in the UK if any of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you are, or were just before you were posted abroad, \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a series of postings abroad, with no breaks in between - and you are or were \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK immediately before the first of those postings
    • ", + "
  • you were in the UK just before you were posted abroad and the reason you were in the UK was connected to your posting - this can apply to a single posting or to a series of postings
    • ", + "

    Ordinarily resident

    ", + "

    Ordinarily resident means you normally live in the UK, and plan to stay here for the time being. When HMRC decides if you\u2019re ordinarily resident in the UK they\u2019ll look at things like:

    ", + "
  • where your settled home is
    • ", + "
  • where your close family live
    • ", + "
  • why you came to the UK
    • ", + "
  • if you plan to leave the UK permanently in the next 2 or 3 years
    • ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s a Crown servant posted overseas

    ", + "

    You may continue to get tax credits if your partner\u2019s a Crown servant posted outside the UK and you:

    ", + "
  • live with your partner while they work abroad
    • ", + "
  • live in the UK while your partner works abroad
    • ", + "

    You do not need to be ordinarily resident in the UK during the time you\u2019re with your Crown servant partner overseas.

    ", + "

    You have a child - and get UK benefits or State Pension

    ", + "

    If none of the sections above apply to you, you may continue to get Child Tax Credit (or add it to an existing Working Tax Credit claim) if you and your child live in a European Union (EU) member state and you get State Pension or one of the following benefits:

    ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "
  • State Pension
    • ", + "
  • Widow\u2019s Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Bereavement Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit
    • ", + "
  • contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Severe Disablement Allowance
    • ", + "

    You will not be able to get Child Tax Credit if you do not live in an EU member state, unless you (or your partner) are a Crown servant posted abroad.

    ", + "

    Moving to the UK

    ", + "

    You must have been living in the UK for 3 months before you were eligible to claim Child Tax Credit if you moved to the UK on or after 1 July 2014 and do not have a job. This does not apply if you:

    ", + "
  • are a family member of someone who works or is self-employed
    • ", + "
  • are a refugee
    • ", + "
  • have been granted discretionary leave to enter or stay in the UK and you can get benefits
    • ", + "
  • have been given leave to stay as a displaced person and you can get benefits
    • ", + "
  • have been given to leave to stay and have applied for settlement as a victim of domestic violence
    • ", + "
  • have been granted humanitarian protection
    • ", + "
  • were made redundant in the UK (or your family member was) and you\u2019re looking for a job or in training
    • ", + "
  • were working in the UK before but temporarily cannot work because of your health or an accident
    • ", + "
  • have been abroad for less than a year but usually live in the UK and were claiming Child Tax Credits before moving
    • ", + "
  • have been abroad for less than a year but usually live in the UK and were in the UK for at least 3 months before moving
    • ", + "
  • paid Class 1 or Class 2 National Insurance contributions while you were working abroad, and paid these in the 3 month period before returning to the UK
    • ", + "

    Cross-border workers

    ", + "

    You may continue to get tax credits if you regularly travel from:

    ", + "
  • another country to work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • the UK to work in another country
    • ", + "

    Working Tax Credit

    ", + "

    You may continue to get Working Tax Credit if you live in:

    ", + "
  • an EEA country (including Switzerland) and work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • the UK and work in an EEA country (including Switzerland)
    • ", + "

    Child Tax Credit

    ", + "

    You and your partner - if you have one - may continue to get Child Tax Credit for your children if:

    ", + "
  • you work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you pay National Insurance as a worker here
    • ", + "
  • your child lives in an EEA country or in Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • your child is living with your partner or someone else and they depend on you to support them
    • ", + "

    You usually cannot claim for a child who lives outside the EEA or Switzerland. There\u2019s an exception if your partner is a Crown servant posted abroad.

    ", + "

    Childcare costs

    ", + "

    You can usually claim help for your childcare costs through the childcare element of Working Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    To qualify your children must either:

    ", + "
  • be in registered or approved childcare in the UK
    • ", + "
  • be in childcare approved by a Ministry of Defence accreditation scheme abroad - if you\u2019re a Crown servant posted abroad
    • ", + "

    Immigration control

    ", + "

    You usually cannot get tax credits if you\u2019re \u2018subject to immigration control\u2019, although there are some exceptions. You\u2019ll still need to meet the other qualifying rules, for example work the right number of hours.

    ", + "

    When you arrived in the UK your passport may have been stamped. The stamp shows the conditions of your stay in the UK, for example \u2018no recourse to public funds\u2019. Public funds include tax credits and most benefits.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You may continue to get tax credits if:

    ", + "
  • your partner lives in the UK and is not subject to immigration control
    • ", + "
  • one of the examples below applies to you or your partner
    • ", + "

    You have permission to stay in the UK because someone else supports you

    ", + "

    You may continue to get tax credits if someone else is responsible for your maintenance while you\u2019re in the UK. This means they pay for your upkeep and provide you with somewhere to live. This person is often called your \u2018sponsor\u2019, and could be a friend, employer or relative.

    ", + "

    All of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • your sponsor has given the Home Office a written statement saying that they\u2019re sponsoring you
    • ", + "
  • your sponsor has permission to stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living permanently in the UK for at least 5 years, either since you came into the UK or since you started being sponsored (whichever date is later)
    • ", + "

    You may also continue to get tax credits if you\u2019ve been living in the UK for fewer than 5 years, but:

    ", + "
  • your sponsor has died
    • ", + "
  • all your sponsors - if you had more than one - have died
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re from Albania, Morocco, San Marino or Tunisia

    ", + "

    You cannot get Working Tax Credit.

    ", + "

    You may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you\u2019re either working in the UK or you\u2019re not working because you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • retired
    • ", + "
  • pregnant or looking after children
    • ", + "
  • sick or disabled or your partner has died
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re from Turkey

    ", + "

    To continue to get Working Tax Credit you need to be lawfully present in the UK and a Turkish national.

    ", + "

    You may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you\u2019re either working in the UK or you\u2019re not working because you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • retired
    • ", + "
  • pregnant or looking after children
    • ", + "
  • sick or disabled or your partner has died
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re from North Macedonia

    ", + "

    You may continue to get Working Tax Credit if you\u2019re a national of North Macedonia. You\u2019ll need to be lawfully present in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot normally get Child Tax Credit. However, you may continue to if you\u2019ve been getting payments for your children through Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    You claimed asylum before 5 February 2006

    ", + "

    You may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you received financial support for your children through Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/complain-about-school": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/complain-about-school", + "title": "Complain about a school", + "content": "## Types of complaints\n\nThere are different ways to complain in England depending on whether your child:\n\n- attends a state school\n\n- attends a private school\n\n- has special educational needs (SEN)\n\nSchools may not consider complaints about behaviour that happens outside the school\u2019s hours or premises \u2013 check the school\u2019s behaviour policy.\n\nThere are different ways to complain about schools in:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n## Other types of complaint\n\nFor some types of complaint you need to contact a different agency.\n\n| Complaint | Who to contact |\n\n| Child protection | Local council |\n\n| Criminal behaviour | Police |\n\n| Data protection | Information Commissioner\u2019s Office |\n\n| Discrimination | Equality Advisory and Support Service |\n\n| Employment | An employment tribunal |\n\n| Exam malpractice or maladministration (SATs) | Standards and testing agency |\n\n| Exam malpractice or maladministration (secondary school) | Ofqual and the awarding body |\n\n## Legal advice\n\nYou can get free legal advice about schooling and education from Child Law Advice.\n\n## State schools\n\nState schools include:\n\n- maintained schools\n\n- academies and free schools\n\nContact your local council or call your local police on 101 if you think a child is at risk. Call 999 if a child is in immediate danger.\n\n## How to complain\n\nContact the school to discuss the problem first - most problems can be solved this way.\n\nFollow all the steps in the school\u2019s complaints procedure to make a formal complaint. Every school in England must have one. It\u2019s often on the school\u2019s website and should tell you the kind of complaints the school deals with.\n\nYou may not be able to complain to academies or free schools if you do not have a child at the school.\n\nYou can complain to the Department for Education (DfE) directly if:\n\n- a child is at risk\n\n- a child is missing school\n\n- the school is stopping you from following its complaints procedure\n\n## If you think your complaint was not dealt with correctly\n\nYou can ask DfE to consider your complaint if you\u2019ve followed all the steps in the school\u2019s complaints procedure.\n\n## Tell Ofsted about a problem\n\nOfsted cannot respond to or resolve individual complaints but you can still tell Ofsted about a problem with a school. They can use the information you provide to decide when to inspect and what areas to focus the inspection on.\n\n## Private schools\n\nContact your local council or call your local police on 101 if you think a child is at risk.\n\nCall 999 if a child is in immediate danger.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nFollow the school\u2019s complaints procedure - every school in England must have one. It should be published on the school\u2019s website.\n\nIt should tell you what kind of complaints the school will deal with, such as bullying or bad behaviour.\n\nYou cannot complain directly to a private school if you do not have a child at the school.\n\n## Further complaints\n\nThe Department for Education (DfE) cannot investigate individual complaints about private schools. But it has certain powers as a regulator if the school is not meeting standards set by DfE for:\n\n- education\n\n- pupil welfare and health and safety\n\n- school premises\n\n- staff suitability\n\n- making information available to parents\n\n- spiritual, moral, social or cultural development of students\n\nDfE will consider any reports of a major failure to meet the standards. It can arrange an emergency inspection to look at pupil welfare and health and safety, and make sure serious failings are dealt with.\n\nDfE can ask the school inspectorates to take minor complaints into account when the school is next inspected.\n\nYou can complain to the DfE by filling in the school complaints form.\n\n## Special educational needs (SEN)\n\nIf you want to complain about a school\u2019s SEN support, you should do it while your child is still registered at the school.\n\nThis includes complaints that the school has not provided the support required by your child\u2019s SEN statement or education, health and care (EHC) plan.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nFollow these steps in order. Move on to the next step if your complaint is not resolved.\n\n- Talk to the school\u2019s special educational needs co-ordinator (SENCO).\n\n- Follow the school\u2019s complaints procedure.\n\n- Complain to your local authority.\n\nComplain to the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA) instead of the local authority if both the following apply:\n\n- the school is an academy or free school\n\n- your complaint is not about an SEN statement or an EHC plan\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you disagree with a decision your local authority has made about an SEN statement or an EHC plan.\n\n## Disability discrimination\n\nFollow the school\u2019s complaints process if you believe a school has discriminated against someone because of their disability.\n\nIf this does not solve the problem, or you do not want to complain to the school first, you may be able to complain to the Special Educational Needs and Disability (SEND) tribunal.\n\n## Who can complain to the SEND tribunal\n\nYou can complain to the tribunal if you\u2019re:\n\n- someone with parental responsibility for a young person, or their foster parent or carer\n\n- a young person over school leaving age but under 18\n\nYou can complain to the tribunal about:\n\n- a school, nursery or pupil referral unit maintained by a local authority\n\n- an independent school\n\n- a free school, including an academy\n\nYou cannot complain to the tribunal about:\n\n- a private nursery, unless it\u2019s part of a school\n\n- a further education college\n\n- an organisation using a school\u2019s premises\n\n## Complain to the SEND tribunal\n\nYou must send your complaint to the tribunal within 6 months of the discrimination taking place. If you send your complaint more than 6 months later, you\u2019ll be asked to explain why.\n\nYour complaint can include events which happened more than 6 months ago, as long as these directly relate to events that have taken place in the last 6 months. The tribunal must be able to treat events as a single complaint about one ongoing issue.\n\nFor example, if your child was permanently excluded from school after a series of fixed-term exclusions which you believe were all because of the child\u2019s disability, the tribunal could treat them as a single complaint.\n\nIt\u2019s free to make a complaint to the SEND tribunal.\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- form SEND4A if you\u2019re a parent making a complaint on behalf of a child\n\n- form SEND4B if you\u2019re a young person above school leaving age making a complaint for yourself\n\nThe address to send it to is on the form.\n\nYou can include details of up to 5 witnesses who you\u2019d like to bring to the hearing on your form.\n\nContact the tribunal if you have any questions about completing the form. They cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## Special Educational Needs and Disability Tribunal\n\n## Help you can get\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid.\n\nYou can also get free help and advice from:\n\n- the Independent Parental Special Education Advice (IPSEA)\n\n- your local Parent Partnership Service through the Information, Advice and Support Services (IASS) Network\n\n## After you make your complaint\n\nOnce the tribunal has registered your complaint, it will ask you and the school you\u2019re complaining about if you agree to the complaint being decided without a hearing.\n\nIf you both agree, the tribunal will make a decision about your complaint.\n\nIf you do not agree, the tribunal will send you a letter telling you if they\u2019ll hold a hearing, and when and where it\u2019ll take place.\n\nYou can complain to the Department for Education (DfE) about a school if the SEND tribunal will not handle your case.\n\n## Attending the hearing\n\nYou may be able to attend the hearing by video link. If you do need to attend in person, the hearing will be close to your home.\n\n## Change or withdraw your complaint before the hearing\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- form SEND7 to change your complaint, for example to ask for a different hearing date or add more witnesses\n\n- form SEND8 to withdraw your complaint\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nThe hearing will usually be attended by:\n\n- up to 3 tribunal members\n\n- a clerk\n\n- someone representing the school or local authority you\u2019re complaining about\n\n- witnesses\n\nYou do not have to go to the hearing, but if you do you can ask questions and present the case yourself. If you\u2019re complaining as a young person, your parents can come to the hearing.\n\nFill in the attendance form if you want to bring:\n\n- someone to represent you\n\n- someone to support you\n\n- witnesses\n\nYou can ask to have an interpreter at the hearing. They\u2019ll translate what happens but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.\n\nYou might be asked questions by:\n\n- your legal representative (if you have one)\n\n- the local authority\u2019s representative\n\n- the tribunal\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a letter with the tribunal\u2019s decision within 10 working days of the hearing.\n\n## Claiming expenses\n\nYou might be able to claim travel expenses for going to the hearing.\n\nYour witnesses might also be able to claim expenses for travel and loss of earnings.\n\nIf you bring a friend or relative to the hearing, you might also be able to claim for their travel costs.\n\n## If your complaint is successful\n\nThe school or local authority must act on the tribunal\u2019s decision within a set amount of time.\n\nYou can complain to the Local Government Ombudsman if a local authority does not keep to the decision.\n\n## Local Government Ombudsman\n\n## If your complaint is not successful\n\nThe letter giving the tribunal\u2019s decision will tell you how to apply to:\n\n- get the decision \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled) if you think there\u2019s been a mistake in the process\n\n- ask the tribunal to \u2018review\u2019 the decision, for example if your circumstances have changed since you got the decision or the decision contains a mistake\n\nYou can also ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals) Chamber if you think the SEND tribunal has made a mistake and acted against the law.\n\nYou must ask for permission to appeal within 28 days of the date on the tribunal\u2019s decision letter.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Types of complaints

    ", + "

    There are different ways to complain in England depending on whether your child:

    ", + "
  • attends a state school
    • ", + "
  • attends a private school
    • ", + "
  • has special educational needs (SEN)
    • ", + "

    Schools may not consider complaints about behaviour that happens outside the school\u2019s hours or premises \u2013 check the school\u2019s behaviour policy.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to complain about schools in:

    ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Other types of complaint

    ", + "

    For some types of complaint you need to contact a different agency.

    ", + "Complaint | Who to contact", + "Child protection | Local council", + "Criminal behaviour | Police", + "Data protection | Information Commissioner\u2019s Office", + "Discrimination | Equality Advisory and Support Service", + "Employment | An employment tribunal", + "Exam malpractice or maladministration (SATs) | Standards and testing agency", + "Exam malpractice or maladministration (secondary school) | Ofqual and the awarding body", + "

    Legal advice

    ", + "

    You can get free legal advice about schooling and education from Child Law Advice.

    ", + "

    State schools

    ", + "

    State schools include:

    ", + "
  • maintained schools
    • ", + "
  • academies and free schools
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council or call your local police on 101 if you think a child is at risk. Call 999 if a child is in immediate danger.

    ", + "

    How to complain

    ", + "

    Contact the school to discuss the problem first - most problems can be solved this way.

    ", + "

    Follow all the steps in the school\u2019s complaints procedure to make a formal complaint. Every school in England must have one. It\u2019s often on the school\u2019s website and should tell you the kind of complaints the school deals with.

    ", + "

    You may not be able to complain to academies or free schools if you do not have a child at the school.

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Department for Education (DfE) directly if:

    ", + "
  • a child is at risk
    • ", + "
  • a child is missing school
    • ", + "
  • the school is stopping you from following its complaints procedure
    • ", + "

    If you think your complaint was not dealt with correctly

    ", + "

    You can ask DfE to consider your complaint if you\u2019ve followed all the steps in the school\u2019s complaints procedure.

    ", + "

    Tell Ofsted about a problem

    ", + "

    Ofsted cannot respond to or resolve individual complaints but you can still tell Ofsted about a problem with a school. They can use the information you provide to decide when to inspect and what areas to focus the inspection on.

    ", + "

    Private schools

    ", + "

    Contact your local council or call your local police on 101 if you think a child is at risk.

    ", + "

    Call 999 if a child is in immediate danger.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    Follow the school\u2019s complaints procedure - every school in England must have one. It should be published on the school\u2019s website.

    ", + "

    It should tell you what kind of complaints the school will deal with, such as bullying or bad behaviour.

    ", + "

    You cannot complain directly to a private school if you do not have a child at the school.

    ", + "

    Further complaints

    ", + "

    The Department for Education (DfE) cannot investigate individual complaints about private schools. But it has certain powers as a regulator if the school is not meeting standards set by DfE for:

    ", + "
  • education
    • ", + "
  • pupil welfare and health and safety
    • ", + "
  • school premises
    • ", + "
  • staff suitability
    • ", + "
  • making information available to parents
    • ", + "
  • spiritual, moral, social or cultural development of students
    • ", + "

    DfE will consider any reports of a major failure to meet the standards. It can arrange an emergency inspection to look at pupil welfare and health and safety, and make sure serious failings are dealt with.

    ", + "

    DfE can ask the school inspectorates to take minor complaints into account when the school is next inspected.

    ", + "

    You can complain to the DfE by filling in the school complaints form.

    ", + "

    Special educational needs (SEN)

    ", + "

    If you want to complain about a school\u2019s SEN support, you should do it while your child is still registered at the school.

    ", + "

    This includes complaints that the school has not provided the support required by your child\u2019s SEN statement or education, health and care (EHC) plan.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    Follow these steps in order. Move on to the next step if your complaint is not resolved.

    ", + "
  • Talk to the school\u2019s special educational needs co-ordinator (SENCO).
    • ", + "
  • Follow the school\u2019s complaints procedure.
    • ", + "
  • Complain to your local authority.
    • ", + "

    Complain to the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA) instead of the local authority if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the school is an academy or free school
    • ", + "
  • your complaint is not about an SEN statement or an EHC plan
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you disagree with a decision your local authority has made about an SEN statement or an EHC plan.

    ", + "

    Disability discrimination

    ", + "

    Follow the school\u2019s complaints process if you believe a school has discriminated against someone because of their disability.

    ", + "

    If this does not solve the problem, or you do not want to complain to the school first, you may be able to complain to the Special Educational Needs and Disability (SEND) tribunal.

    ", + "

    Who can complain to the SEND tribunal

    ", + "

    You can complain to the tribunal if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • someone with parental responsibility for a young person, or their foster parent or carer
    • ", + "
  • a young person over school leaving age but under 18
    • ", + "

    You can complain to the tribunal about:

    ", + "
  • a school, nursery or pupil referral unit maintained by a local authority
    • ", + "
  • an independent school
    • ", + "
  • a free school, including an academy
    • ", + "

    You cannot complain to the tribunal about:

    ", + "
  • a private nursery, unless it\u2019s part of a school
    • ", + "
  • a further education college
    • ", + "
  • an organisation using a school\u2019s premises
    • ", + "

    Complain to the SEND tribunal

    ", + "

    You must send your complaint to the tribunal within 6 months of the discrimination taking place. If you send your complaint more than 6 months later, you\u2019ll be asked to explain why.

    ", + "

    Your complaint can include events which happened more than 6 months ago, as long as these directly relate to events that have taken place in the last 6 months. The tribunal must be able to treat events as a single complaint about one ongoing issue.

    ", + "

    For example, if your child was permanently excluded from school after a series of fixed-term exclusions which you believe were all because of the child\u2019s disability, the tribunal could treat them as a single complaint.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to make a complaint to the SEND tribunal.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • form SEND4A if you\u2019re a parent making a complaint on behalf of a child
    • ", + "
  • form SEND4B if you\u2019re a young person above school leaving age making a complaint for yourself
    • ", + "

    The address to send it to is on the form.

    ", + "

    You can include details of up to 5 witnesses who you\u2019d like to bring to the hearing on your form.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal if you have any questions about completing the form. They cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    Special Educational Needs and Disability Tribunal

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid.

    ", + "

    You can also get free help and advice from:

    ", + "
  • the Independent Parental Special Education Advice (IPSEA)
    • ", + "
  • your local Parent Partnership Service through the Information, Advice and Support Services (IASS) Network
    • ", + "

    After you make your complaint

    ", + "

    Once the tribunal has registered your complaint, it will ask you and the school you\u2019re complaining about if you agree to the complaint being decided without a hearing.

    ", + "

    If you both agree, the tribunal will make a decision about your complaint.

    ", + "

    If you do not agree, the tribunal will send you a letter telling you if they\u2019ll hold a hearing, and when and where it\u2019ll take place.

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Department for Education (DfE) about a school if the SEND tribunal will not handle your case.

    ", + "

    Attending the hearing

    ", + "

    You may be able to attend the hearing by video link. If you do need to attend in person, the hearing will be close to your home.

    ", + "

    Change or withdraw your complaint before the hearing

    ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • form SEND7 to change your complaint, for example to ask for a different hearing date or add more witnesses
    • ", + "
  • form SEND8 to withdraw your complaint
    • ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    The hearing will usually be attended by:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 tribunal members
    • ", + "
  • a clerk
    • ", + "
  • someone representing the school or local authority you\u2019re complaining about
    • ", + "
  • witnesses
    • ", + "

    You do not have to go to the hearing, but if you do you can ask questions and present the case yourself. If you\u2019re complaining as a young person, your parents can come to the hearing.

    ", + "

    Fill in the attendance form if you want to bring:

    ", + "
  • someone to represent you
    • ", + "
  • someone to support you
    • ", + "
  • witnesses
    • ", + "

    You can ask to have an interpreter at the hearing. They\u2019ll translate what happens but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    You might be asked questions by:

    ", + "
  • your legal representative (if you have one)
    • ", + "
  • the local authority\u2019s representative
    • ", + "
  • the tribunal
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a letter with the tribunal\u2019s decision within 10 working days of the hearing.

    ", + "

    Claiming expenses

    ", + "

    You might be able to claim travel expenses for going to the hearing.

    ", + "

    Your witnesses might also be able to claim expenses for travel and loss of earnings.

    ", + "

    If you bring a friend or relative to the hearing, you might also be able to claim for their travel costs.

    ", + "

    If your complaint is successful

    ", + "

    The school or local authority must act on the tribunal\u2019s decision within a set amount of time.

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Local Government Ombudsman if a local authority does not keep to the decision.

    ", + "

    Local Government Ombudsman

    ", + "

    If your complaint is not successful

    ", + "

    The letter giving the tribunal\u2019s decision will tell you how to apply to:

    ", + "
  • get the decision \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled) if you think there\u2019s been a mistake in the process
    • ", + "
  • ask the tribunal to \u2018review\u2019 the decision, for example if your circumstances have changed since you got the decision or the decision contains a mistake
    • ", + "

    You can also ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals) Chamber if you think the SEND tribunal has made a mistake and acted against the law.

    ", + "

    You must ask for permission to appeal within 28 days of the date on the tribunal\u2019s decision letter.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/types-of-school": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/types-of-school", + "title": "Types of school", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAll children in England between the ages of 5 and 16 are entitled to a free place at a state school.\n\nState schools receive funding through their local authority or directly from the government. The most common ones are:\n\n- community schools, which are sometimes called local authority maintained schools - they are not influenced by business or religious groups and follow the national curriculum\n\n- foundation schools and voluntary schools, which are funded by the local authority but have more freedom to change the way they do things - sometimes they are supported by representatives from religious groups\n\n- academies and free schools, which are run by not-for-profit academy trusts, are independent from the local authority - they have more freedom to change how they run things and can follow a different curriculum\n\n- grammar schools, which can be run by the local authority, a foundation body or an academy trust - they select their pupils based on academic ability and there is a test to get in\n\nYou can find and compare schools in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## Special schools\n\nSpecial schools with pupils aged 11 and older can specialise in 1 of the 4 areas of special educational needs:\n\n- communication and interaction\n\n- cognition and learning\n\n- social, emotional and mental health\n\n- sensory and physical needs\n\nSchools can further specialise within these categories to reflect the special needs they help with, for example Autistic spectrum disorders, visual impairment, or speech, language and communication needs (SLCN).\n\n## Faith schools\n\nFaith schools have to follow the national curriculum, but they can choose what they teach in religious studies.\n\nFaith schools may have different admissions criteria and staffing policies to state schools, although anyone can apply for a place.\n\n## Faith academies\n\nFaith academies do not have to teach the national curriculum and have their own admissions processes.\n\n## Free schools\n\nFree schools are funded by the government but are not run by the local authority. They have more control over how they do things.\n\nThey\u2019re \u2018all-ability\u2019 schools, so can not use academic selection processes like a grammar school.\n\nFree schools can:\n\n- set their own pay and conditions for staff\n\n- change the length of school terms and the school day\n\nThey do not have to follow the national curriculum.\n\n## Who can set up free schools\n\nFree schools are run on a not-for-profit basis and can be set up by groups like:\n\n- charities\n\n- universities\n\n- independent schools\n\n- community and faith groups\n\n- teachers\n\n- parents\n\n- businesses\n\n## Types of free school\n\n## University technical colleges\n\nUniversity technical colleges specialise in subjects like engineering and construction - and teach these subjects along with business skills and using IT.\n\nPupils study academic subjects as well as practical subjects leading to technical qualifications. The curriculum is designed by the university and employers, who also provide work experience for students.\n\nUniversity technical colleges are sponsored by:\n\n- universities\n\n- employers\n\n- further education colleges\n\n## Studio schools\n\nStudio schools are small schools (usually with around 300 pupils) teaching mainstream qualifications through project-based learning. This means working in realistic situations as well as learning academic subjects.\n\nStudents work with local employers and a personal coach, and follow a curriculum designed to give them the skills and qualifications they need in work, or to take up further education.\n\n## Academies\n\nAcademies receive funding directly from the government and are run by an academy trust. They have more control over how they do things than community schools. Academies do not charge fees.\n\nAcademies are inspected by Ofsted. They have to follow the same rules on admissions, special educational needs and exclusions as other state schools and students sit the same exams.\n\nAcademies have more control over how they do things, for example they do not have to follow the national curriculum and can set their own term times.\n\nSome schools choose to become academies. If a school funded by the local authority is judged as \u2018inadequate\u2019 by Ofsted then it must become an academy.\n\n## Academy trusts and sponsors\n\nAcademy trusts are not-for-profit companies. They employ the staff and have trustees who are responsible for the performance of the academies in the trust. Trusts might run a single academy or a group of academies.\n\nSome academies are supported by sponsors such as businesses, universities, other schools, faith groups or voluntary groups. Sponsors work with the academy trust to improve the performance of their schools.\n\n## City technology colleges\n\nCity technology colleges and \u2018 the city college for the technology of the arts\u2019 are independent schools in urban areas that are free to go to. They\u2019re funded by central government - companies can also contribute.\n\nCity technology colleges emphasise teaching science and technology.\n\nThe city college for the technology of the arts teaches technology in its application of performing and creative arts, for example by offering interactive digital design courses.\n\n## State boarding schools\n\nState boarding schools provide free education but charge fees for boarding. Most state boarding schools are academies, some are free schools and some are run by local authorities.\n\nState boarding schools give priority to children who have a particular need to board and will assess children\u2019s suitability for boarding.\n\nCharities such as Buttle UK or the Royal National Children\u2019s Foundation can sometimes help with the cost of boarding.\n\nContact the State Boarding Forum for more information about state boarding schools, eligibility and how to apply.\n\n## Private schools\n\nPrivate schools (also known as \u2018independent schools\u2019) charge fees to attend instead of being funded by the government. Pupils do not have to follow the national curriculum.\n\nAll private schools must be registered with the government and are inspected regularly.\n\n## Reports on private schools\n\nAll school reports are published online by the organisation responsible for inspecting them. Find out from the school which organisation inspects them.\n\nHalf of all independent schools are inspected by Ofsted.\n\nThe Independent Schools Inspectorate inspects schools that are members of the associations that form the Independent Schools Council.\n\nSome other schools are inspected by the School Inspection Service.\n\n## Special educational needs\n\nThere are also private schools which specialise in teaching children with special educational needs.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    All children in England between the ages of 5 and 16 are entitled to a free place at a state school.

    ", + "

    State schools receive funding through their local authority or directly from the government. The most common ones are:

    ", + "
  • community schools, which are sometimes called local authority maintained schools - they are not influenced by business or religious groups and follow the national curriculum
    • ", + "
  • foundation schools and voluntary schools, which are funded by the local authority but have more freedom to change the way they do things - sometimes they are supported by representatives from religious groups
    • ", + "
  • academies and free schools, which are run by not-for-profit academy trusts, are independent from the local authority - they have more freedom to change how they run things and can follow a different curriculum
    • ", + "
  • grammar schools, which can be run by the local authority, a foundation body or an academy trust - they select their pupils based on academic ability and there is a test to get in
    • ", + "

    You can find and compare schools in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    Special schools

    ", + "

    Special schools with pupils aged 11 and older can specialise in 1 of the 4 areas of special educational needs:

    ", + "
  • communication and interaction
    • ", + "
  • cognition and learning
    • ", + "
  • social, emotional and mental health
    • ", + "
  • sensory and physical needs
    • ", + "

    Schools can further specialise within these categories to reflect the special needs they help with, for example Autistic spectrum disorders, visual impairment, or speech, language and communication needs (SLCN).

    ", + "

    Faith schools

    ", + "

    Faith schools have to follow the national curriculum, but they can choose what they teach in religious studies.

    ", + "

    Faith schools may have different admissions criteria and staffing policies to state schools, although anyone can apply for a place.

    ", + "

    Faith academies

    ", + "

    Faith academies do not have to teach the national curriculum and have their own admissions processes.

    ", + "

    Free schools

    ", + "

    Free schools are funded by the government but are not run by the local authority. They have more control over how they do things.

    ", + "

    They\u2019re \u2018all-ability\u2019 schools, so can not use academic selection processes like a grammar school.

    ", + "

    Free schools can:

    ", + "
  • set their own pay and conditions for staff
    • ", + "
  • change the length of school terms and the school day
    • ", + "

    They do not have to follow the national curriculum.

    ", + "

    Who can set up free schools

    ", + "

    Free schools are run on a not-for-profit basis and can be set up by groups like:

    ", + "
  • charities
    • ", + "
  • universities
    • ", + "
  • independent schools
    • ", + "
  • community and faith groups
    • ", + "
  • teachers
    • ", + "
  • parents
    • ", + "
  • businesses
    • ", + "

    Types of free school

    ", + "

    University technical colleges

    ", + "

    University technical colleges specialise in subjects like engineering and construction - and teach these subjects along with business skills and using IT.

    ", + "

    Pupils study academic subjects as well as practical subjects leading to technical qualifications. The curriculum is designed by the university and employers, who also provide work experience for students.

    ", + "

    University technical colleges are sponsored by:

    ", + "
  • universities
    • ", + "
  • employers
    • ", + "
  • further education colleges
    • ", + "

    Studio schools

    ", + "

    Studio schools are small schools (usually with around 300 pupils) teaching mainstream qualifications through project-based learning. This means working in realistic situations as well as learning academic subjects.

    ", + "

    Students work with local employers and a personal coach, and follow a curriculum designed to give them the skills and qualifications they need in work, or to take up further education.

    ", + "

    Academies

    ", + "

    Academies receive funding directly from the government and are run by an academy trust. They have more control over how they do things than community schools. Academies do not charge fees.

    ", + "

    Academies are inspected by Ofsted. They have to follow the same rules on admissions, special educational needs and exclusions as other state schools and students sit the same exams.

    ", + "

    Academies have more control over how they do things, for example they do not have to follow the national curriculum and can set their own term times.

    ", + "

    Some schools choose to become academies. If a school funded by the local authority is judged as \u2018inadequate\u2019 by Ofsted then it must become an academy.

    ", + "

    Academy trusts and sponsors

    ", + "

    Academy trusts are not-for-profit companies. They employ the staff and have trustees who are responsible for the performance of the academies in the trust. Trusts might run a single academy or a group of academies.

    ", + "

    Some academies are supported by sponsors such as businesses, universities, other schools, faith groups or voluntary groups. Sponsors work with the academy trust to improve the performance of their schools.

    ", + "

    City technology colleges

    ", + "

    City technology colleges and \u2018 the city college for the technology of the arts\u2019 are independent schools in urban areas that are free to go to. They\u2019re funded by central government - companies can also contribute.

    ", + "

    City technology colleges emphasise teaching science and technology.

    ", + "

    The city college for the technology of the arts teaches technology in its application of performing and creative arts, for example by offering interactive digital design courses.

    ", + "

    State boarding schools

    ", + "

    State boarding schools provide free education but charge fees for boarding. Most state boarding schools are academies, some are free schools and some are run by local authorities.

    ", + "

    State boarding schools give priority to children who have a particular need to board and will assess children\u2019s suitability for boarding.

    ", + "

    Charities such as Buttle UK or the Royal National Children\u2019s Foundation can sometimes help with the cost of boarding.

    ", + "

    Contact the State Boarding Forum for more information about state boarding schools, eligibility and how to apply.

    ", + "

    Private schools

    ", + "

    Private schools (also known as \u2018independent schools\u2019) charge fees to attend instead of being funded by the government. Pupils do not have to follow the national curriculum.

    ", + "

    All private schools must be registered with the government and are inspected regularly.

    ", + "

    Reports on private schools

    ", + "

    All school reports are published online by the organisation responsible for inspecting them. Find out from the school which organisation inspects them.

    ", + "

    Half of all independent schools are inspected by Ofsted.

    ", + "

    The Independent Schools Inspectorate inspects schools that are members of the associations that form the Independent Schools Council.

    ", + "

    Some other schools are inspected by the School Inspection Service.

    ", + "

    Special educational needs

    ", + "

    There are also private schools which specialise in teaching children with special educational needs.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/national-curriculum": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-curriculum", + "title": "The national curriculum", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe \u2018basic\u2019 school curriculum includes the \u2018national curriculum\u2019, as well as religious education and sex education.\n\nThe national curriculum is a set of subjects and standards used by primary and secondary schools so children learn the same things. It covers what subjects are taught and the standards children should reach in each subject.\n\nOther types of school like academies and private schools do not have to follow the national curriculum. Academies must teach a broad and balanced curriculum including English, maths and science. They must also teach religious education.\n\n## Key stages\n\nThe national curriculum is organised into blocks of years called \u2018key stages\u2019 (KS). At the end of each key stage, the teacher will formally assess your child\u2019s performance.\n\n| Child\u2019s age | Year | Key stage | Assessment |\n\n| 3 to 4 | | Early years | |\n\n| 4 to 5 | Reception | Early years | Teacher assessments (there\u2019s also an optional assessment at the start of the year) |\n\n| 5 to 6 | Year 1 | KS1 | Phonics screening check |\n\n| 6 to 7 | Year 2 | KS1 | National tests and teacher assessments in English, maths and science |\n\n| 7 to 8 | Year 3 | KS2 | |\n\n| 8 to 9 | Year 4 | KS2 | |\n\n| 9 to 10 | Year 5 | KS2 | |\n\n| 10 to 11 | Year 6 | KS2 | National tests and teacher assessments in English and maths, and teacher assessments in science |\n\n| 11 to 12 | Year 7 | KS3 | |\n\n| 12 to 13 | Year 8 | KS3 | |\n\n| 13 to 14 | Year 9 | KS3 | |\n\n| 14 to 15 | Year 10 | KS4 | Some children take GCSEs |\n\n| 15 to 16 | Year 11 | KS4 | Most children take GCSEs or other national |\n\n## Assessments\n\nBy the end of each summer term the school must write a report on your child\u2019s progress and talk it through with you.\n\n## Key stage 1 and 2\n\nCompulsory national curriculum subjects at primary school are:\n\n- English\n\n- maths\n\n- science\n\n- design and technology\n\n- history\n\n- geography\n\n- art and design\n\n- music\n\n- physical education (PE), including swimming\n\n- computing\n\n- ancient and modern foreign languages (at key stage 2)\n\nSchools must provide religious education (RE) but parents can ask for their children to be taken out of the whole lesson or part of it.\n\nSchools often also teach:\n\n- personal, social and health education (PSHE)\n\n- citizenship\n\n- modern foreign languages (at key stage 1)\n\n## Tests and assessments\n\n## Year 1 phonics screening check\n\nThe check will take place in June when your child will read 40 words out loud to a teacher. You\u2019ll find out how your child did, and their teacher will assess whether he or she needs extra help with reading. If your child does not do well enough in the check they\u2019ll have to do it again in Year 2.\n\n## Key stage 1\n\nKey stage 1 tests cover:\n\n- English reading\n\n- English grammar, punctuation and spelling\n\n- maths\n\nYour child will take the tests in May. You can ask the school for the test results.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the results of your child\u2019s teacher assessments automatically.\n\n## Key stage 2\n\nYour child will take national tests in May when they reach the end of key stage 2. These test your child\u2019s skills in:\n\n- English reading\n\n- English grammar, punctuation and spelling\n\n- maths\n\nThe tests last less than 4 hours. You\u2019ll get the results in July.\n\nThe school will send you the results of your child\u2019s tests and teacher assessments.\n\n## Key stage 3 and 4\n\n## Key stage 3\n\nCompulsory national curriculum subjects are:\n\n- English\n\n- maths\n\n- science\n\n- history\n\n- geography\n\n- modern foreign languages\n\n- design and technology\n\n- art and design\n\n- music\n\n- physical education\n\n- citizenship\n\n- computing\n\nSchools must provide religious education (RE) and sex education from key stage 3 but parents can ask for their children to be taken out of the whole lesson or part of it.\n\n## Key stage 4\n\nDuring key stage 4 most pupils work towards national qualifications - usually GCSEs.\n\nThe compulsory national curriculum subjects are the \u2018core\u2019 and \u2018foundation\u2019 subjects.\n\nCore subjects are:\n\n- English\n\n- maths\n\n- science\n\nFoundation subjects are:\n\n- computing\n\n- physical education\n\n- citizenship\n\nSchools must also offer at least one subject from each of these areas:\n\n- arts\n\n- design and technology\n\n- humanities\n\n- modern foreign languages\n\nThey must also provide religious education (RE) and sex education at key stage 4.\n\n## English Baccalaureate (EBacc)\n\nThe EBacc is a way to measure how many pupils in a school choose to take a GCSE in these core subjects:\n\n- English language and literature\n\n- maths\n\n- the sciences\n\n- history or geography\n\n- a language\n\nFind out more about the EBacc.\n\n## Other compulsory subjects\n\nChildren must also study:\n\n- sex and relationships education (year 7 onwards)\n\n- religious education (RE)\n\nThey may not have to take exams in these subjects.\n\n## Sex and relationship education\n\nSex and relationship education (SRE) is compulsory from age 11 onwards. It involves teaching children about reproduction, sexuality and sexual health. It does not promote early sexual activity or any particular sexual orientation.\n\nSome parts of sex and relationship education are compulsory - these are part of the national curriculum for science. Parents can withdraw their children from all other parts of sex and relationship education if they want.\n\nAll schools must have a written policy on sex education, which they must make available to parents for free.\n\n## Religious education\n\nSchools have to teach RE but parents can withdraw their children for all or part of the lessons. Pupils can choose to withdraw themselves once they\u2019re 18.\n\nLocal councils are responsible for deciding the RE syllabus, but faith schools and academies can set their own.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The \u2018basic\u2019 school curriculum includes the \u2018national curriculum\u2019, as well as religious education and sex education.

    ", + "

    The national curriculum is a set of subjects and standards used by primary and secondary schools so children learn the same things. It covers what subjects are taught and the standards children should reach in each subject.

    ", + "

    Other types of school like academies and private schools do not have to follow the national curriculum. Academies must teach a broad and balanced curriculum including English, maths and science. They must also teach religious education.

    ", + "

    Key stages

    ", + "

    The national curriculum is organised into blocks of years called \u2018key stages\u2019 (KS). At the end of each key stage, the teacher will formally assess your child\u2019s performance.

    ", + "Child\u2019s age | Year | Key stage | Assessment", + "3 to 4 | | Early years | ", + "4 to 5 | Reception | Early years | Teacher assessments (there\u2019s also an optional assessment at the start of the year)", + "5 to 6 | Year 1 | KS1 | Phonics screening check", + "6 to 7 | Year 2 | KS1 | National tests and teacher assessments in English, maths and science", + "7 to 8 | Year 3 | KS2 | ", + "8 to 9 | Year 4 | KS2 | ", + "9 to 10 | Year 5 | KS2 | ", + "10 to 11 | Year 6 | KS2 | National tests and teacher assessments in English and maths, and teacher assessments in science", + "11 to 12 | Year 7 | KS3 | ", + "12 to 13 | Year 8 | KS3 | ", + "13 to 14 | Year 9 | KS3 | ", + "14 to 15 | Year 10 | KS4 | Some children take GCSEs", + "15 to 16 | Year 11 | KS4 | Most children take GCSEs or other national", + "

    Assessments

    ", + "

    By the end of each summer term the school must write a report on your child\u2019s progress and talk it through with you.

    ", + "

    Key stage 1 and 2

    ", + "

    Compulsory national curriculum subjects at primary school are:

    ", + "
  • English
    • ", + "
  • maths
    • ", + "
  • science
    • ", + "
  • design and technology
    • ", + "
  • history
    • ", + "
  • geography
    • ", + "
  • art and design
    • ", + "
  • music
    • ", + "
  • physical education (PE), including swimming
    • ", + "
  • computing
    • ", + "
  • ancient and modern foreign languages (at key stage 2)
    • ", + "

    Schools must provide religious education (RE) but parents can ask for their children to be taken out of the whole lesson or part of it.

    ", + "

    Schools often also teach:

    ", + "
  • personal, social and health education (PSHE)
    • ", + "
  • citizenship
    • ", + "
  • modern foreign languages (at key stage 1)
    • ", + "

    Tests and assessments

    ", + "

    Year 1 phonics screening check

    ", + "

    The check will take place in June when your child will read 40 words out loud to a teacher. You\u2019ll find out how your child did, and their teacher will assess whether he or she needs extra help with reading. If your child does not do well enough in the check they\u2019ll have to do it again in Year 2.

    ", + "

    Key stage 1

    ", + "

    Key stage 1 tests cover:

    ", + "
  • English reading
    • ", + "
  • English grammar, punctuation and spelling
    • ", + "
  • maths
    • ", + "

    Your child will take the tests in May. You can ask the school for the test results.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent the results of your child\u2019s teacher assessments automatically.

    ", + "

    Key stage 2

    ", + "

    Your child will take national tests in May when they reach the end of key stage 2. These test your child\u2019s skills in:

    ", + "
  • English reading
    • ", + "
  • English grammar, punctuation and spelling
    • ", + "
  • maths
    • ", + "

    The tests last less than 4 hours. You\u2019ll get the results in July.

    ", + "

    The school will send you the results of your child\u2019s tests and teacher assessments.

    ", + "

    Key stage 3 and 4

    ", + "

    Key stage 3

    ", + "

    Compulsory national curriculum subjects are:

    ", + "
  • English
    • ", + "
  • maths
    • ", + "
  • science
    • ", + "
  • history
    • ", + "
  • geography
    • ", + "
  • modern foreign languages
    • ", + "
  • design and technology
    • ", + "
  • art and design
    • ", + "
  • music
    • ", + "
  • physical education
    • ", + "
  • citizenship
    • ", + "
  • computing
    • ", + "

    Schools must provide religious education (RE) and sex education from key stage 3 but parents can ask for their children to be taken out of the whole lesson or part of it.

    ", + "

    Key stage 4

    ", + "

    During key stage 4 most pupils work towards national qualifications - usually GCSEs.

    ", + "

    The compulsory national curriculum subjects are the \u2018core\u2019 and \u2018foundation\u2019 subjects.

    ", + "

    Core subjects are:

    ", + "
  • English
    • ", + "
  • maths
    • ", + "
  • science
    • ", + "

    Foundation subjects are:

    ", + "
  • computing
    • ", + "
  • physical education
    • ", + "
  • citizenship
    • ", + "

    Schools must also offer at least one subject from each of these areas:

    ", + "
  • arts
    • ", + "
  • design and technology
    • ", + "
  • humanities
    • ", + "
  • modern foreign languages
    • ", + "

    They must also provide religious education (RE) and sex education at key stage 4.

    ", + "

    English Baccalaureate (EBacc)

    ", + "

    The EBacc is a way to measure how many pupils in a school choose to take a GCSE in these core subjects:

    ", + "
  • English language and literature
    • ", + "
  • maths
    • ", + "
  • the sciences
    • ", + "
  • history or geography
    • ", + "
  • a language
    • ", + "

    Find out more about the EBacc.

    ", + "

    Other compulsory subjects

    ", + "

    Children must also study:

    ", + "
  • sex and relationships education (year 7 onwards)
    • ", + "
  • religious education (RE)
    • ", + "

    They may not have to take exams in these subjects.

    ", + "

    Sex and relationship education

    ", + "

    Sex and relationship education (SRE) is compulsory from age 11 onwards. It involves teaching children about reproduction, sexuality and sexual health. It does not promote early sexual activity or any particular sexual orientation.

    ", + "

    Some parts of sex and relationship education are compulsory - these are part of the national curriculum for science. Parents can withdraw their children from all other parts of sex and relationship education if they want.

    ", + "

    All schools must have a written policy on sex education, which they must make available to parents for free.

    ", + "

    Religious education

    ", + "

    Schools have to teach RE but parents can withdraw their children for all or part of the lessons. Pupils can choose to withdraw themselves once they\u2019re 18.

    ", + "

    Local councils are responsible for deciding the RE syllabus, but faith schools and academies can set their own.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/children-with-special-educational-needs": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/children-with-special-educational-needs", + "title": "Children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nSpecial educational needs and disabilities (SEND) can affect a child or young person\u2019s ability to learn. They can affect their:\n\n- behaviour or ability to socialise, for example they struggle to make friends\n\n- reading and writing, for example because they have dyslexia\n\n- ability to understand things\n\n- concentration levels, for example because they have ADHD\n\n- physical ability\n\n## Who to talk to\n\nIf you think your child may have special educational needs, contact the SEN co-ordinator, or \u2018SENCO\u2019 in your child\u2019s school or nursery.\n\nContact your local council if your child is not in a school or nursery.\n\nYour local Information, Advice and Support (IAS) Service can give you advice about SEND.\n\n## Support your child can receive\n\nYour child may be eligible for:\n\n- SEN support - support given in school, like speech therapy\n\n- an education, health and care (EHC) plan - a plan of care for children and young people aged up to 25 who have more complex needs\n\nIf you or your child got support before September 2014 this will continue until your local council changes it to an EHC plan.\n\n## Special educational needs support\n\nYour child will get SEN support at their school or college.\n\nYour child may need an education, health and care (EHC) plan if they need more support than their school provides.\n\n## Children under 5\n\nSEN support for children under 5 includes:\n\n- a written progress check when your child is 2 years old\n\n- a child health visitor carrying out a health check for your child if they\u2019re aged 2 to 3\n\n- a written assessment in the summer term of your child\u2019s first year of primary school\n\n- making reasonable adjustments for disabled children, like providing aids like tactile signs\n\nNurseries, playgroups and childminders registered with Ofsted follow the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) framework. The framework makes sure that there\u2019s support in place for children with SEND.\n\nTalk to a doctor or health adviser if you think your child has SEND but they do not go to a nursery, playgroup or childminder. They\u2019ll tell you what support options are available.\n\n## Children between 5 and 15\n\nTalk to the teacher or the SEN co-ordinator (SENCO) if you think your child needs:\n\n- a special learning programme\n\n- extra help from a teacher or assistant\n\n- to work in a smaller group\n\n- observation in class or at break\n\n- help taking part in class activities\n\n- extra encouragement in their learning, for example to ask questions or to try something they find difficult\n\n- help communicating with other children\n\n- support with physical or personal care difficulties, for example eating, getting around school safely or using the toilet\n\n## Young people aged 16 or over in further education\n\nContact the college before your child starts further education to make sure that they can meet your child\u2019s needs.\n\nThe college and your local authority will talk to your child about the support they need.\n\n## Extra help\n\nAn education, health and care (EHC) plan is for children and young people aged up to 25 who need more support than is available through special educational needs support.\n\nEHC plans identify educational, health and social needs and set out the additional support to meet those needs.\n\n## Requesting an EHC assessment\n\nYou can ask your local authority to carry out an assessment if you think your child needs an EHC plan.\n\nA young person can request an assessment themselves if they\u2019re aged 16 to 25.\n\nA request can also be made by anyone else who thinks an assessment may be necessary, including doctors, health visitors, teachers, parents and family friends.\n\nIf they decide to carry out an assessment you may be asked for:\n\n- any reports from your child\u2019s school, nursery or childminder\n\n- doctors\u2019 assessments of your child\n\n- a letter from you about your child\u2019s needs\n\nThe local authority will tell you within 16 weeks whether an EHC plan is going to be made for your child.\n\n## Creating an EHC plan\n\n- Your local authority will create a draft EHC plan and send you a copy.\n\n- You have 15 days to comment, including if you want to ask that your child goes to a specialist needs school or specialist college.\n\n- Your local authority has 20 weeks from the date they receive the request for the assessment to give you the final EHC plan.\n\n## Disagreeing with a decision\n\nYou can challenge your local authority about:\n\n- their decision to not carry out an assessment\n\n- their decision to not create an EHC plan\n\n- the special educational support in the EHC plan\n\n- the school named in the EHC plan\n\nIf you cannot resolve the problem with your local authority, you can appeal to the Special Educational Needs and Disability (SEND) Tribunal.\n\n## Personal budgets\n\nYou may be able to get a personal budget for your child if they have an EHC plan or have been told that they need one.\n\nIt allows you to have a say in how to spend the money on support for your child.\n\nThere are 3 ways you can use your personal budget. You can have:\n\n- direct payments made into your account - you buy and manage services yourself\n\n- an arrangement with your local authority or school where they hold the money for you but you still decide how to spend it (sometimes called \u2018notional arrangements\u2019)\n\n- third-party arrangements - you choose someone else to manage the money for you\n\nYou can have a combination of all 3 options.\n\n## Independent support for children of all ages\n\nIndependent supporters can help you and your child through the new SEN assessment process, including:\n\n- replacing a statement of special educational needs with a new EHC plan\n\n- moving a child from a learning difficulty assessment (LDA) to an EHC plan\n\nYou can find out how to get local support through:\n\n- Council for Disabled Children\n\n- Information, Advice and Support Service Network\n\n- your local authority website and search for \u2018Local Offer\u2019\n\n## If your child got support before September 2014\n\nYour child will move to an education, health and care (EHC) plan. This will normally happen at a planned review, or when your child moves school. Your council will tell you which.\n\nYour child will already be getting SEN support if they used to get help through:\n\n- School Action or School Action Plus\n\n- Early Years Action or Early Years Action Plus\n\n## Support after your child leaves school\n\nIf your child has a statement of special educational needs, they\u2019ll have a \u2018transition plan\u2019 drawn up in Year 9. This helps to plan for their future after they leave school.\n\nThey\u2019ll continue to get support during further education. Your child can also ask for an EHC assessment if they need more help than the school or college can provide.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nYou can call the Contact a Family helpline for help and advice.\n\nYou can also get help from Independent Parental Special Education Advice (IPSEA).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Special educational needs and disabilities (SEND) can affect a child or young person\u2019s ability to learn. They can affect their:

    ", + "
  • behaviour or ability to socialise, for example they struggle to make friends
    • ", + "
  • reading and writing, for example because they have dyslexia
    • ", + "
  • ability to understand things
    • ", + "
  • concentration levels, for example because they have ADHD
    • ", + "
  • physical ability
    • ", + "

    Who to talk to

    ", + "

    If you think your child may have special educational needs, contact the SEN co-ordinator, or \u2018SENCO\u2019 in your child\u2019s school or nursery.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council if your child is not in a school or nursery.

    ", + "

    Your local Information, Advice and Support (IAS) Service can give you advice about SEND.

    ", + "

    Support your child can receive

    ", + "

    Your child may be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • SEN support - support given in school, like speech therapy
    • ", + "
  • an education, health and care (EHC) plan - a plan of care for children and young people aged up to 25 who have more complex needs
    • ", + "

    If you or your child got support before September 2014 this will continue until your local council changes it to an EHC plan.

    ", + "

    Special educational needs support

    ", + "

    Your child will get SEN support at their school or college.

    ", + "

    Your child may need an education, health and care (EHC) plan if they need more support than their school provides.

    ", + "

    Children under 5

    ", + "

    SEN support for children under 5 includes:

    ", + "
  • a written progress check when your child is 2 years old
    • ", + "
  • a child health visitor carrying out a health check for your child if they\u2019re aged 2 to 3
    • ", + "
  • a written assessment in the summer term of your child\u2019s first year of primary school
    • ", + "
  • making reasonable adjustments for disabled children, like providing aids like tactile signs
    • ", + "

    Nurseries, playgroups and childminders registered with Ofsted follow the Early Years Foundation Stage (EYFS) framework. The framework makes sure that there\u2019s support in place for children with SEND.

    ", + "

    Talk to a doctor or health adviser if you think your child has SEND but they do not go to a nursery, playgroup or childminder. They\u2019ll tell you what support options are available.

    ", + "

    Children between 5 and 15

    ", + "

    Talk to the teacher or the SEN co-ordinator (SENCO) if you think your child needs:

    ", + "
  • a special learning programme
    • ", + "
  • extra help from a teacher or assistant
    • ", + "
  • to work in a smaller group
    • ", + "
  • observation in class or at break
    • ", + "
  • help taking part in class activities
    • ", + "
  • extra encouragement in their learning, for example to ask questions or to try something they find difficult
    • ", + "
  • help communicating with other children
    • ", + "
  • support with physical or personal care difficulties, for example eating, getting around school safely or using the toilet
    • ", + "

    Young people aged 16 or over in further education

    ", + "

    Contact the college before your child starts further education to make sure that they can meet your child\u2019s needs.

    ", + "

    The college and your local authority will talk to your child about the support they need.

    ", + "

    Extra help

    ", + "

    An education, health and care (EHC) plan is for children and young people aged up to 25 who need more support than is available through special educational needs support.

    ", + "

    EHC plans identify educational, health and social needs and set out the additional support to meet those needs.

    ", + "

    Requesting an EHC assessment

    ", + "

    You can ask your local authority to carry out an assessment if you think your child needs an EHC plan.

    ", + "

    A young person can request an assessment themselves if they\u2019re aged 16 to 25.

    ", + "

    A request can also be made by anyone else who thinks an assessment may be necessary, including doctors, health visitors, teachers, parents and family friends.

    ", + "

    If they decide to carry out an assessment you may be asked for:

    ", + "
  • any reports from your child\u2019s school, nursery or childminder
    • ", + "
  • doctors\u2019 assessments of your child
    • ", + "
  • a letter from you about your child\u2019s needs
    • ", + "

    The local authority will tell you within 16 weeks whether an EHC plan is going to be made for your child.

    ", + "

    Creating an EHC plan

    ", + "
  • Your local authority will create a draft EHC plan and send you a copy.
    • ", + "
  • You have 15 days to comment, including if you want to ask that your child goes to a specialist needs school or specialist college.
    • ", + "
  • Your local authority has 20 weeks from the date they receive the request for the assessment to give you the final EHC plan.
    • ", + "

    Disagreeing with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge your local authority about:

    ", + "
  • their decision to not carry out an assessment
    • ", + "
  • their decision to not create an EHC plan
    • ", + "
  • the special educational support in the EHC plan
    • ", + "
  • the school named in the EHC plan
    • ", + "

    If you cannot resolve the problem with your local authority, you can appeal to the Special Educational Needs and Disability (SEND) Tribunal.

    ", + "

    Personal budgets

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a personal budget for your child if they have an EHC plan or have been told that they need one.

    ", + "

    It allows you to have a say in how to spend the money on support for your child.

    ", + "

    There are 3 ways you can use your personal budget. You can have:

    ", + "
  • direct payments made into your account - you buy and manage services yourself
    • ", + "
  • an arrangement with your local authority or school where they hold the money for you but you still decide how to spend it (sometimes called \u2018notional arrangements\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • third-party arrangements - you choose someone else to manage the money for you
    • ", + "

    You can have a combination of all 3 options.

    ", + "

    Independent support for children of all ages

    ", + "

    Independent supporters can help you and your child through the new SEN assessment process, including:

    ", + "
  • replacing a statement of special educational needs with a new EHC plan
    • ", + "
  • moving a child from a learning difficulty assessment (LDA) to an EHC plan
    • ", + "

    You can find out how to get local support through:

    ", + "
  • Council for Disabled Children
    • ", + "
  • Information, Advice and Support Service Network
    • ", + "
  • your local authority website and search for \u2018Local Offer\u2019
    • ", + "

    If your child got support before September 2014

    ", + "

    Your child will move to an education, health and care (EHC) plan. This will normally happen at a planned review, or when your child moves school. Your council will tell you which.

    ", + "

    Your child will already be getting SEN support if they used to get help through:

    ", + "
  • School Action or School Action Plus
    • ", + "
  • Early Years Action or Early Years Action Plus
    • ", + "

    Support after your child leaves school

    ", + "

    If your child has a statement of special educational needs, they\u2019ll have a \u2018transition plan\u2019 drawn up in Year 9. This helps to plan for their future after they leave school.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll continue to get support during further education. Your child can also ask for an EHC assessment if they need more help than the school or college can provide.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    You can call the Contact a Family helpline for help and advice.

    ", + "

    You can also get help from Independent Parental Special Education Advice (IPSEA).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/schools-admissions": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/schools-admissions", + "title": "School admissions", + "content": "## Choosing schools\n\nIf you live in England contact your local council to find:\n\n- state-funded schools in your area\n\n- admission criteria for the schools you\u2019re interested in\n\nThe process is different if you live in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nYou can also contact your local council to apply for places at state schools in other areas. You can search online to find schools in England.\n\n## Private schools or home schooling\n\nIf you\u2019re looking for a place at a private school (also called \u2018independent schools\u2019), contact the school directly.\n\nYou can also choose to teach your child at home, known as home schooling.\n\n## Children with special educational needs (SEN)\n\nIf your child has SEN, their Education, Health and Care (EHC) plan will name a school for them. The school must give your child a place.\n\nYou can ask your local council to carry out an assessment if you think your child needs additional support with their educational, health and social needs.\n\n## Find out about a primary or secondary school\n\nYou can find out more by:\n\n- visiting the school - most schools have open days\n\n- reading the school\u2019s most recent Ofsted reports\n\n- checking school performance tables\n\n- talking to other parents about what they think of the school\n\n## What schools must publish on their website\n\nSchools\u2019 websites must include:\n\n- admission arrangements, including how to apply\n\n- details of the curriculum\n\n- behaviour policy\n\n- links to Ofsted reports\n\n- links to performance data\n\n- the school\u2019s latest key stage 2 and 4 attainment and progress measures\n\n- their policies for children with special educational needs and disabilities\n\n- the amount of money they get for taking underprivileged children (the \u2018pupil premium\u2019), what they do with it and the effect it\u2019s had\n\nYou can also get advice about choosing state-funded schools from your local council.\n\n## Admission criteria\n\nAll schools have admission criteria to decide which children get places. The school or local council usually set these.\n\nAdmission criteria are different for each school. They may give priority to children:\n\n- who live close to the school\n\n- who have a brother or sister at the school already\n\n- from a particular religion (for faith schools)\n\n- who pass an entrance exam (for selective schools, for example grammar schools)\n\n- who went to a particular primary school (a \u2018feeder school\u2019)\n\n- who are eligible for the pupil premium or the service pupil premium\n\n- whose parent has worked at the school for 2 years or more\n\nYour local council can give you information about schools\u2019 criteria and how to apply.\n\n## Children in care\n\nAll state-funded schools must give top priority to admitting children who:\n\n- are in care or being looked after\n\n- have been in care\n\n## Complain about unfair admission arrangements\n\nContact the Schools Adjudicator if you think a school has unlawful or unfair admission arrangements.\n\nYou need to complain by 15 May of the year before you\u2019re applying for a place. For example, to complain about admission arrangements for September 2021 the deadline is 15 May 2020.\n\n## School starting age\n\nMost children start school full-time in the September after their fourth birthday. This means they\u2019ll turn 5 during their first school year.\n\nFor example, if your child\u2019s fourth birthday is between 1 September 2021 and 31 August 2022 they will usually start school in September 2022.\n\n## If you want your child to start later\n\nIf you do not think your child is ready to start school at the usual time, they can start later - as long as they\u2019re in full-time education by the time they reach \u2018compulsory school age\u2019.\n\nThey can start:\n\n- part time\n\n- part-way through the year\n\n- in the next school year, in the September after they turn 5\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to apply for a school place at the same time as everyone else. You request your child\u2019s later start when you apply.\n\n## If your child starts in the September after they turn 5\n\nYour child will go into year 1. Contact the local council or school if you want your child to start in reception instead. They do not have to agree.\n\n## Compulsory school age\n\nYour child must start full-time education once they reach compulsory school age. This is on 31 December, 31 March or 31 August following their fifth birthday - whichever comes first. If your child\u2019s fifth birthday is on one of those dates then they reach compulsory school age on that date.\n\nFor example, if your child reaches compulsory school age on 31 March, they must start full-time education at the beginning of the next term (summer term that year).\n\nChildren must stay in full-time education until they reach school leaving age.\n\nAll 3 to 4-year-olds in England are entitled to free early education before they start school full time.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFollow your local council\u2019s application process to:\n\n- apply for a primary school place\n\n- apply for a secondary school place\n\nYou must still apply for a place, even if the school is linked to your child\u2019s current nursery, infant or primary school.\n\nApply directly for:\n\n- a 6th form place at a school or college\n\n- a place at a private school\n\n## Moving to another area\n\nYou apply through your local council even if you\u2019re applying for schools in another council area or you\u2019ve just moved to England.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from another country, contact the local council in the area where you\u2019re going to live.\n\nYou may need to:\n\n- supply proof of your new address, for example a mortgage or rental agreement or deeds for the property\n\n- prove that you\u2019ll live in the area before the start of the next school term\n\n## Completing the application\n\nWhen you fill in the form (online or on paper) you\u2019ll be asked to list the schools you\u2019re applying for in order of preference.\n\nListing only one school will not increase your chances of getting a place there.\n\nTo get a copy of the application form on paper, contact your local council.\n\n## When to apply\n\nApplications open on different days in each local council area. Find out from your local council when applications open for primary or secondary schools.\n\n## Applying for a primary school place\n\nYou must apply for a primary school place a year before your child can start school.\n\nApplications open in September and close on 15 January. Your child will be 3 or have just turned 4 when you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply then even if you want your child to start part-way through the year.\n\n## Applying for a secondary school place\n\nThe deadline for applying is 31 October.\n\nYour child is less likely to be offered a place at their chosen schools if you miss the deadline for applications.\n\n## When you\u2019ll find out\n\nCouncils will send offers of school places for:\n\n- primary schools on 16 April\n\n- secondary schools on 1 March\n\nIf either date falls on a weekend or a bank holiday, offers are sent the next working day.\n\nYou must accept the offer by the deadline given in the offer letter. Otherwise it may be withdrawn and the place given to someone else.\n\nThe local council must provide a place at another school, if your child is not offered a place at any of the schools you\u2019ve applied for. This is usually your nearest school with places still available.\n\n## Applying after the start of the school year\n\nContact your local council to find out about applying for a school place once the school year has started (known as in-year applications). They can tell you which schools still have places and how to apply.\n\nOnce your child has been offered a place, they will usually start school at the beginning of the following term.\n\n## School waiting lists\n\nIf your child does not have a place, contact your local council for schools with places.\n\nYou can also put your child\u2019s name down on a waiting list. The \u2018admission authority\u2019 for the school (usually the school itself or the council) must keep a waiting list open for at least the first term of each school year.\n\nContact the school or your local council if you want your child\u2019s name added to a waiting list.\n\nYou can add your child\u2019s name to a waiting list even if they have been offered a place at another school.\n\nIf your child is on a waiting list and the school offers you a place, the admission authority will send you a formal offer. You can still accept the offer even if your child has already started at another school.\n\n## Appealing a school's decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter with the decision about your child\u2019s school. If your child is refused a place, you can appeal against the decision. The letter will tell you how.\n\nYou must appeal against each rejection separately. You can only appeal once against each rejection.\n\n## Preparing your appeal\n\nThe admission authority for the school must allow you at least 20 school days to appeal from when they send the decision letter.\n\nThe admission authority will set a deadline for submitting information and evidence to support your appeal. If you submit anything after the deadline, it might not be considered and may result in delays to your hearing.\n\nCoram Children\u2019s Legal Centre may be able to give you advice about appeals.\n\n## When the hearing will be\n\nThe admission authority must give you at least 10 school days\u2019 notice of the hearing.\n\nAppeals must be heard within 40 school days of the deadline for making an appeal.\n\n## What happens at the appeal hearing\n\nThere\u2019s a panel of 3 or more people at the appeal hearing. The panel must be independent and must follow the school admission appeals code.\n\n- The admission authority will explain why they turned down your application.\n\n- You\u2019ll be able to give your own reasons why your child should be admitted.\n\n- The appeals panel must decide if the school\u2019s admission criteria were properly followed and comply with the school admissions code.\n\n- If the criteria were not properly followed or do not comply with the school admissions code your appeal must be upheld.\n\n- If your reasons for your child to be admitted outweigh the school\u2019s reasons for not admitting any more children at all, your appeal will be upheld.\n\n- You will usually be sent the decision within 5 school days.\n\nYou can read more about school admission appeals.\n\n## Appeals for infant classes\n\nYou need to go through the same process if you\u2019re appealing a decision about an infant class. In reception, year 1 and year 2, the class size is limited to 30. Your application can be turned down if all the classes already have 30 children.\n\nYour appeal could be successful if:\n\n- giving your child a place will not increase the class size above the limit\n\n- the admission arrangements have not been properly followed\n\n- the admission criteria do not comply with the school admissions code\n\n## Complain about the appeals process\n\nYou can complain about the way the appeal was carried out, but you can not complain about the decision itself.\n\n## Maintained schools\n\nComplain to the Local Government Ombudsman.\n\nFill in the online complaint form.\n\n## If a maintained school becomes an academy\n\nIf you complain about an appeal concerning a maintained school that then converts to academy status, the Local Government Ombudsman will investigate it and pass any actions to the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA).\n\n## Other schools\n\nComplain to ESFA about an appeal made to:\n\n- free schools\n\n- academies, including university technical colleges and studio schools\n\nFill in the online complaint form.\n\nUsing the online form is the quickest way to make a complaint. If you need a paper form instead, contact:\n\nYou should get a decision on your complaint within 9 weeks (45 working days). You\u2019ll be told if it\u2019ll take longer.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter explaining the reasons for the decision.\n\nIf ESFA decides something went wrong with the appeals panel, it may:\n\n- ask the school to hold a new appeal hearing with a different panel\n\n- recommend the school reviews its appeals process\n\n## Complain about another school matter\n\nIf you have a complaint about a school that is not related to the appeals process, contact the Department for Education.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Choosing schools

    ", + "

    If you live in England contact your local council to find:

    ", + "
  • state-funded schools in your area
    • ", + "
  • admission criteria for the schools you\u2019re interested in
    • ", + "

    The process is different if you live in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You can also contact your local council to apply for places at state schools in other areas. You can search online to find schools in England.

    ", + "

    Private schools or home schooling

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re looking for a place at a private school (also called \u2018independent schools\u2019), contact the school directly.

    ", + "

    You can also choose to teach your child at home, known as home schooling.

    ", + "

    Children with special educational needs (SEN)

    ", + "

    If your child has SEN, their Education, Health and Care (EHC) plan will name a school for them. The school must give your child a place.

    ", + "

    You can ask your local council to carry out an assessment if you think your child needs additional support with their educational, health and social needs.

    ", + "

    Find out about a primary or secondary school

    ", + "

    You can find out more by:

    ", + "
  • visiting the school - most schools have open days
    • ", + "
  • reading the school\u2019s most recent Ofsted reports
    • ", + "
  • checking school performance tables
    • ", + "
  • talking to other parents about what they think of the school
    • ", + "

    What schools must publish on their website

    ", + "

    Schools\u2019 websites must include:

    ", + "
  • admission arrangements, including how to apply
    • ", + "
  • details of the curriculum
    • ", + "
  • behaviour policy
    • ", + "
  • links to Ofsted reports
    • ", + "
  • links to performance data
    • ", + "
  • the school\u2019s latest key stage 2 and 4 attainment and progress measures
    • ", + "
  • their policies for children with special educational needs and disabilities
    • ", + "
  • the amount of money they get for taking underprivileged children (the \u2018pupil premium\u2019), what they do with it and the effect it\u2019s had
    • ", + "

    You can also get advice about choosing state-funded schools from your local council.

    ", + "

    Admission criteria

    ", + "

    All schools have admission criteria to decide which children get places. The school or local council usually set these.

    ", + "

    Admission criteria are different for each school. They may give priority to children:

    ", + "
  • who live close to the school
    • ", + "
  • who have a brother or sister at the school already
    • ", + "
  • from a particular religion (for faith schools)
    • ", + "
  • who pass an entrance exam (for selective schools, for example grammar schools)
    • ", + "
  • who went to a particular primary school (a \u2018feeder school\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • who are eligible for the pupil premium or the service pupil premium
    • ", + "
  • whose parent has worked at the school for 2 years or more
    • ", + "

    Your local council can give you information about schools\u2019 criteria and how to apply.

    ", + "

    Children in care

    ", + "

    All state-funded schools must give top priority to admitting children who:

    ", + "
  • are in care or being looked after
    • ", + "
  • have been in care
    • ", + "

    Complain about unfair admission arrangements

    ", + "

    Contact the Schools Adjudicator if you think a school has unlawful or unfair admission arrangements.

    ", + "

    You need to complain by 15 May of the year before you\u2019re applying for a place. For example, to complain about admission arrangements for September 2021 the deadline is 15 May 2020.

    ", + "

    School starting age

    ", + "

    Most children start school full-time in the September after their fourth birthday. This means they\u2019ll turn 5 during their first school year.

    ", + "

    For example, if your child\u2019s fourth birthday is between 1 September 2021 and 31 August 2022 they will usually start school in September 2022.

    ", + "

    If you want your child to start later

    ", + "

    If you do not think your child is ready to start school at the usual time, they can start later - as long as they\u2019re in full-time education by the time they reach \u2018compulsory school age\u2019.

    ", + "

    They can start:

    ", + "
  • part time
    • ", + "
  • part-way through the year
    • ", + "
  • in the next school year, in the September after they turn 5
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to apply for a school place at the same time as everyone else. You request your child\u2019s later start when you apply.

    ", + "

    If your child starts in the September after they turn 5

    ", + "

    Your child will go into year 1. Contact the local council or school if you want your child to start in reception instead. They do not have to agree.

    ", + "

    Compulsory school age

    ", + "

    Your child must start full-time education once they reach compulsory school age. This is on 31 December, 31 March or 31 August following their fifth birthday - whichever comes first. If your child\u2019s fifth birthday is on one of those dates then they reach compulsory school age on that date.

    ", + "

    For example, if your child reaches compulsory school age on 31 March, they must start full-time education at the beginning of the next term (summer term that year).

    ", + "

    Children must stay in full-time education until they reach school leaving age.

    ", + "

    All 3 to 4-year-olds in England are entitled to free early education before they start school full time.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Follow your local council\u2019s application process to:

    ", + "
  • apply for a primary school place
    • ", + "
  • apply for a secondary school place
    • ", + "

    You must still apply for a place, even if the school is linked to your child\u2019s current nursery, infant or primary school.

    ", + "

    Apply directly for:

    ", + "
  • a 6th form place at a school or college
    • ", + "
  • a place at a private school
    • ", + "

    Moving to another area

    ", + "

    You apply through your local council even if you\u2019re applying for schools in another council area or you\u2019ve just moved to England.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from another country, contact the local council in the area where you\u2019re going to live.

    ", + "

    You may need to:

    ", + "
  • supply proof of your new address, for example a mortgage or rental agreement or deeds for the property
    • ", + "
  • prove that you\u2019ll live in the area before the start of the next school term
    • ", + "

    Completing the application

    ", + "

    When you fill in the form (online or on paper) you\u2019ll be asked to list the schools you\u2019re applying for in order of preference.

    ", + "

    Listing only one school will not increase your chances of getting a place there.

    ", + "

    To get a copy of the application form on paper, contact your local council.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    Applications open on different days in each local council area. Find out from your local council when applications open for primary or secondary schools.

    ", + "

    Applying for a primary school place

    ", + "

    You must apply for a primary school place a year before your child can start school.

    ", + "

    Applications open in September and close on 15 January. Your child will be 3 or have just turned 4 when you apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply then even if you want your child to start part-way through the year.

    ", + "

    Applying for a secondary school place

    ", + "

    The deadline for applying is 31 October.

    ", + "

    Your child is less likely to be offered a place at their chosen schools if you miss the deadline for applications.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll find out

    ", + "

    Councils will send offers of school places for:

    ", + "
  • primary schools on 16 April
    • ", + "
  • secondary schools on 1 March
    • ", + "

    If either date falls on a weekend or a bank holiday, offers are sent the next working day.

    ", + "

    You must accept the offer by the deadline given in the offer letter. Otherwise it may be withdrawn and the place given to someone else.

    ", + "

    The local council must provide a place at another school, if your child is not offered a place at any of the schools you\u2019ve applied for. This is usually your nearest school with places still available.

    ", + "

    Applying after the start of the school year

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to find out about applying for a school place once the school year has started (known as in-year applications). They can tell you which schools still have places and how to apply.

    ", + "

    Once your child has been offered a place, they will usually start school at the beginning of the following term.

    ", + "

    School waiting lists

    ", + "

    If your child does not have a place, contact your local council for schools with places.

    ", + "

    You can also put your child\u2019s name down on a waiting list. The \u2018admission authority\u2019 for the school (usually the school itself or the council) must keep a waiting list open for at least the first term of each school year.

    ", + "

    Contact the school or your local council if you want your child\u2019s name added to a waiting list.

    ", + "

    You can add your child\u2019s name to a waiting list even if they have been offered a place at another school.

    ", + "

    If your child is on a waiting list and the school offers you a place, the admission authority will send you a formal offer. You can still accept the offer even if your child has already started at another school.

    ", + "

    Appealing a school's decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a letter with the decision about your child\u2019s school. If your child is refused a place, you can appeal against the decision. The letter will tell you how.

    ", + "

    You must appeal against each rejection separately. You can only appeal once against each rejection.

    ", + "

    Preparing your appeal

    ", + "

    The admission authority for the school must allow you at least 20 school days to appeal from when they send the decision letter.

    ", + "

    The admission authority will set a deadline for submitting information and evidence to support your appeal. If you submit anything after the deadline, it might not be considered and may result in delays to your hearing.

    ", + "

    Coram Children\u2019s Legal Centre may be able to give you advice about appeals.

    ", + "

    When the hearing will be

    ", + "

    The admission authority must give you at least 10 school days\u2019 notice of the hearing.

    ", + "

    Appeals must be heard within 40 school days of the deadline for making an appeal.

    ", + "

    What happens at the appeal hearing

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a panel of 3 or more people at the appeal hearing. The panel must be independent and must follow the school admission appeals code.

    ", + "
  • The admission authority will explain why they turned down your application.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll be able to give your own reasons why your child should be admitted.
    • ", + "
  • The appeals panel must decide if the school\u2019s admission criteria were properly followed and comply with the school admissions code.
    • ", + "
  • If the criteria were not properly followed or do not comply with the school admissions code your appeal must be upheld.
    • ", + "
  • If your reasons for your child to be admitted outweigh the school\u2019s reasons for not admitting any more children at all, your appeal will be upheld.
    • ", + "
  • You will usually be sent the decision within 5 school days.
    • ", + "

    You can read more about school admission appeals.

    ", + "

    Appeals for infant classes

    ", + "

    You need to go through the same process if you\u2019re appealing a decision about an infant class. In reception, year 1 and year 2, the class size is limited to 30. Your application can be turned down if all the classes already have 30 children.

    ", + "

    Your appeal could be successful if:

    ", + "
  • giving your child a place will not increase the class size above the limit
    • ", + "
  • the admission arrangements have not been properly followed
    • ", + "
  • the admission criteria do not comply with the school admissions code
    • ", + "

    Complain about the appeals process

    ", + "

    You can complain about the way the appeal was carried out, but you can not complain about the decision itself.

    ", + "

    Maintained schools

    ", + "

    Complain to the Local Government Ombudsman.

    ", + "

    Fill in the online complaint form.

    ", + "

    If a maintained school becomes an academy

    ", + "

    If you complain about an appeal concerning a maintained school that then converts to academy status, the Local Government Ombudsman will investigate it and pass any actions to the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA).

    ", + "

    Other schools

    ", + "

    Complain to ESFA about an appeal made to:

    ", + "
  • free schools
    • ", + "
  • academies, including university technical colleges and studio schools
    • ", + "

    Fill in the online complaint form.

    ", + "

    Using the online form is the quickest way to make a complaint. If you need a paper form instead, contact:

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your complaint within 9 weeks (45 working days). You\u2019ll be told if it\u2019ll take longer.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter explaining the reasons for the decision.

    ", + "

    If ESFA decides something went wrong with the appeals panel, it may:

    ", + "
  • ask the school to hold a new appeal hearing with a different panel
    • ", + "
  • recommend the school reviews its appeals process
    • ", + "

    Complain about another school matter

    ", + "

    If you have a complaint about a school that is not related to the appeals process, contact the Department for Education.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/school-attendance-absence": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-attendance-absence", + "title": "School attendance and absence", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must make sure your child gets a full-time education that meets their needs (for example if they have special educational needs). You can send your child to school or educate them yourself.\n\nChildren must get an education between the school term after their 5th birthday and the last Friday in June in the school year they turn 16.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted by either:\n\n- the school - if your child is enrolled in school and does not turn up (even if they\u2019re only absent for a day)\n\n- the council\u2019s education welfare officer - if they think your child is not getting a suitable education at home\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you do not give your child an education. You\u2019ll normally get warnings and offers of help from the local council first.\n\nYou can get education and attendance information from your council.\n\n## When your child can miss school\n\nYou can only allow your child to miss school if either:\n\n- they\u2019re too ill to go in\n\n- you\u2019ve got advance permission from the school\n\nThere\u2019s extra support available if your child cannot go to school for long periods because of a health problem.\n\n## Holidays in term time\n\nYou have to get permission from the head teacher if you want to take your child out of school during term time.\n\nYou can only do this if:\n\n- you make an application to the head teacher in advance (as a parent the child normally lives with)\n\n- there are exceptional circumstances\n\nIt\u2019s up to the head teacher how many days your child can be away from school if leave is granted.\n\nYou can be fined for taking your child on holiday during term time without the school\u2019s permission.\n\n## School trips\n\nYour child\u2019s school can ask you for a voluntary contribution to the cost of activities like school trips. They cannot stop your child from attending if you do not pay, but they should cancel the activity if there is not enough money to cover the cost of it.\n\n## Help with getting your child to go to school\n\nIf you\u2019re having trouble getting your child to go to school, the school and local council can help.\n\nThe school will discuss attendance problems with you and should agree a plan with you to improve your child\u2019s attendance.\n\nA lot of local councils have teams that help parents improve their child\u2019s attendance at school. The council will tell you if they\u2019re able to help. Forms of help could include:\n\n- support to reduce the burden on children where families are in difficulty (for example if a child is spending a lot of time caring for someone)\n\n- working with families and schools to overcome bullying and other serious problems\n\n- a parenting contract\n\n## Parenting contract\n\nThis is a voluntary written agreement between you and either the local council or the school\u2019s governing body. Between you, you agree to find ways to improve your child\u2019s attendance.\n\nIf you refuse to make a contract or you do not stick to it, it can be used as evidence if the local council decides to prosecute you.\n\n## Legal action to enforce school attendance\n\nLocal councils and schools can use various legal powers if your child is missing school without a good reason. They can give you:\n\n- a Parenting Order\n\n- an Education Supervision Order\n\n- a School Attendance Order\n\n- a fine (sometimes known as a \u2018penalty notice\u2019)\n\nYou can be given one or more of these but the council does not have to do this before prosecuting you.\n\n## Parenting Order\n\nThis means you have to go to parenting classes. You\u2019ll also have to do what the court says to improve your child\u2019s school attendance.\n\n## Education Supervision Order\n\nIf the council thinks you need support getting your child to go to school but you\u2019re not co-operating, they can apply to a court for an Education Supervision Order.\n\nA supervisor will be appointed to help you get your child into education. The local council can do this instead of prosecuting you, or as well.\n\n## School Attendance Order\n\nYou\u2019ll get a School Attendance Order if the local council thinks your child is not getting an education.\n\nYou have 15 days to provide evidence that you\u2019ve registered your child with the school listed in the order or that you\u2019re giving them home education. If you do not, you could be prosecuted or given a fine.\n\n## Fine\n\nYour local council can give each parent a fine of \u00a360, which rises to \u00a3120 each if you do not pay within 21 days. If you do not pay the fine after 28 days you may be prosecuted for your child\u2019s absence from school.\n\nCheck your local council\u2019s rules on when you can be fined.\n\n## Prosecution\n\nYou could get a fine of up to \u00a32,500, a community order or a jail sentence up to 3 months. The court also gives you a Parenting Order.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must make sure your child gets a full-time education that meets their needs (for example if they have special educational needs). You can send your child to school or educate them yourself.

    ", + "

    Children must get an education between the school term after their 5th birthday and the last Friday in June in the school year they turn 16.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted by either:

    ", + "
  • the school - if your child is enrolled in school and does not turn up (even if they\u2019re only absent for a day)
    • ", + "
  • the council\u2019s education welfare officer - if they think your child is not getting a suitable education at home
    • ", + "

    You can be prosecuted if you do not give your child an education. You\u2019ll normally get warnings and offers of help from the local council first.

    ", + "

    You can get education and attendance information from your council.

    ", + "

    When your child can miss school

    ", + "

    You can only allow your child to miss school if either:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re too ill to go in
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got advance permission from the school
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s extra support available if your child cannot go to school for long periods because of a health problem.

    ", + "

    Holidays in term time

    ", + "

    You have to get permission from the head teacher if you want to take your child out of school during term time.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if:

    ", + "
  • you make an application to the head teacher in advance (as a parent the child normally lives with)
    • ", + "
  • there are exceptional circumstances
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s up to the head teacher how many days your child can be away from school if leave is granted.

    ", + "

    You can be fined for taking your child on holiday during term time without the school\u2019s permission.

    ", + "

    School trips

    ", + "

    Your child\u2019s school can ask you for a voluntary contribution to the cost of activities like school trips. They cannot stop your child from attending if you do not pay, but they should cancel the activity if there is not enough money to cover the cost of it.

    ", + "

    Help with getting your child to go to school

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re having trouble getting your child to go to school, the school and local council can help.

    ", + "

    The school will discuss attendance problems with you and should agree a plan with you to improve your child\u2019s attendance.

    ", + "

    A lot of local councils have teams that help parents improve their child\u2019s attendance at school. The council will tell you if they\u2019re able to help. Forms of help could include:

    ", + "
  • support to reduce the burden on children where families are in difficulty (for example if a child is spending a lot of time caring for someone)
    • ", + "
  • working with families and schools to overcome bullying and other serious problems
    • ", + "
  • a parenting contract
    • ", + "

    Parenting contract

    ", + "

    This is a voluntary written agreement between you and either the local council or the school\u2019s governing body. Between you, you agree to find ways to improve your child\u2019s attendance.

    ", + "

    If you refuse to make a contract or you do not stick to it, it can be used as evidence if the local council decides to prosecute you.

    ", + "

    Legal action to enforce school attendance

    ", + "

    Local councils and schools can use various legal powers if your child is missing school without a good reason. They can give you:

    ", + "
  • a Parenting Order
    • ", + "
  • an Education Supervision Order
    • ", + "
  • a School Attendance Order
    • ", + "
  • a fine (sometimes known as a \u2018penalty notice\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You can be given one or more of these but the council does not have to do this before prosecuting you.

    ", + "

    Parenting Order

    ", + "

    This means you have to go to parenting classes. You\u2019ll also have to do what the court says to improve your child\u2019s school attendance.

    ", + "

    Education Supervision Order

    ", + "

    If the council thinks you need support getting your child to go to school but you\u2019re not co-operating, they can apply to a court for an Education Supervision Order.

    ", + "

    A supervisor will be appointed to help you get your child into education. The local council can do this instead of prosecuting you, or as well.

    ", + "

    School Attendance Order

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a School Attendance Order if the local council thinks your child is not getting an education.

    ", + "

    You have 15 days to provide evidence that you\u2019ve registered your child with the school listed in the order or that you\u2019re giving them home education. If you do not, you could be prosecuted or given a fine.

    ", + "

    Fine

    ", + "

    Your local council can give each parent a fine of \u00a360, which rises to \u00a3120 each if you do not pay within 21 days. If you do not pay the fine after 28 days you may be prosecuted for your child\u2019s absence from school.

    ", + "

    Check your local council\u2019s rules on when you can be fined.

    ", + "

    Prosecution

    ", + "

    You could get a fine of up to \u00a32,500, a community order or a jail sentence up to 3 months. The court also gives you a Parenting Order.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/bullying-at-school": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bullying-at-school", + "title": "Bullying at school", + "content": "## The law\n\nSome forms of bullying are illegal and should be reported to the police. These include:\n\n- violence or assault\n\n- theft\n\n- repeated harassment or intimidation, for example name calling, threats and abusive phone calls, emails or text messages\n\n- hate crimes\n\nCall 999 if you or someone else is in immediate danger.\n\n## Schools and the law\n\nBy law, all state (not private) schools must have a behaviour policy in place that includes measures to prevent all forms of bullying among pupils.\n\nThis policy is decided by the school. All teachers, pupils and parents must be told what it is.\n\n## Anti-discrimination law\n\nSchools must also follow anti-discrimination law. This means staff must act to prevent discrimination, harassment and victimisation within the school. This applies to all schools in England and Wales, and most schools in Scotland.\n\nNorthern Ireland has different anti-discrimination law.\n\n## Reporting bullying\n\nYou should report bullying to your school in the first place - or someone you trust if it happens outside school, for example in a club or online.\n\nTell the police if the bullying involves a crime.\n\n## Schools - reporting bullying\n\nSchool staff will deal with bullying in different ways, depending on how serious the bullying is.\n\nThey might deal with it in school, for example by disciplining bullies, or they might report it to the police or social services.\n\nAny discipline must take account of special educational needs or disabilities that the pupils involved may have.\n\nYou can complain about a school if you think it hasn\u2019t dealt with your concerns.\n\n## Police - reporting bullying\n\nAnyone can make a complaint to the police about bullying but it\u2019s usually a good idea to speak to your school first.\n\nIf you\u2019re reporting cyberbullying, keep a record of the date and time of the calls, emails or texts - don\u2019t delete any messages you receive.\n\nCall 999 if you or someone else is in immediate danger.\n\n## Where to get help and advice\n\nThere are lots of organisations that provide support and advice if you\u2019re worried about bullying:\n\n- Anti-Bullying Alliance\n\n- Bullying UK\n\n- Childline\n\n- The Diana Award\n\n- Internet Matters\n\n- Kidscape\n\n- The UK Safer Internet Centre\n\n- UK Council for Child Internet Safety (UKCCIS)\n\n## Bullying outside school\n\nHead teachers have the legal power to make sure pupils behave outside of school premises (state schools only).\n\nThis includes bullying that happens anywhere off the school premises, for example on public transport or in a town centre.\n\nSchool staff can also choose to report bullying to the police or local council.\n\n## Bullying - a definition\n\nThere is no legal definition of bullying.\n\nHowever, it\u2019s usually defined as behaviour that is:\n\n- repeated\n\n- intended to hurt someone either physically or emotionally\n\n- often aimed at certain groups, for example because of race, religion, gender or sexual orientation\n\nIt takes many forms and can include:\n\n- physical assault\n\n- teasing\n\n- making threats\n\n- name calling\n\n- cyberbullying - bullying via mobile phone or online (for example email, social networks and instant messenger)\n\nYour school should have its own policy to stop bullying.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    The law

    ", + "

    Some forms of bullying are illegal and should be reported to the police. These include:

    ", + "
  • violence or assault
    • ", + "
  • theft
    • ", + "
  • repeated harassment or intimidation, for example name calling, threats and abusive phone calls, emails or text messages
    • ", + "
  • hate crimes
    • ", + "

    Call 999 if you or someone else is in immediate danger.

    ", + "

    Schools and the law

    ", + "

    By law, all state (not private) schools must have a behaviour policy in place that includes measures to prevent all forms of bullying among pupils.

    ", + "

    This policy is decided by the school. All teachers, pupils and parents must be told what it is.

    ", + "

    Anti-discrimination law

    ", + "

    Schools must also follow anti-discrimination law. This means staff must act to prevent discrimination, harassment and victimisation within the school. This applies to all schools in England and Wales, and most schools in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland has different anti-discrimination law.

    ", + "

    Reporting bullying

    ", + "

    You should report bullying to your school in the first place - or someone you trust if it happens outside school, for example in a club or online.

    ", + "

    Tell the police if the bullying involves a crime.

    ", + "

    Schools - reporting bullying

    ", + "

    School staff will deal with bullying in different ways, depending on how serious the bullying is.

    ", + "

    They might deal with it in school, for example by disciplining bullies, or they might report it to the police or social services.

    ", + "

    Any discipline must take account of special educational needs or disabilities that the pupils involved may have.

    ", + "

    You can complain about a school if you think it hasn\u2019t dealt with your concerns.

    ", + "

    Police - reporting bullying

    ", + "

    Anyone can make a complaint to the police about bullying but it\u2019s usually a good idea to speak to your school first.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re reporting cyberbullying, keep a record of the date and time of the calls, emails or texts - don\u2019t delete any messages you receive.

    ", + "

    Call 999 if you or someone else is in immediate danger.

    ", + "

    Where to get help and advice

    ", + "

    There are lots of organisations that provide support and advice if you\u2019re worried about bullying:

    ", + "
  • Anti-Bullying Alliance
    • ", + "
  • Bullying UK
    • ", + "
  • Childline
    • ", + "
  • The Diana Award
    • ", + "
  • Internet Matters
    • ", + "
  • Kidscape
    • ", + "
  • The UK Safer Internet Centre
    • ", + "
  • UK Council for Child Internet Safety (UKCCIS)
    • ", + "

    Bullying outside school

    ", + "

    Head teachers have the legal power to make sure pupils behave outside of school premises (state schools only).

    ", + "

    This includes bullying that happens anywhere off the school premises, for example on public transport or in a town centre.

    ", + "

    School staff can also choose to report bullying to the police or local council.

    ", + "

    Bullying - a definition

    ", + "

    There is no legal definition of bullying.

    ", + "

    However, it\u2019s usually defined as behaviour that is:

    ", + "
  • repeated
    • ", + "
  • intended to hurt someone either physically or emotionally
    • ", + "
  • often aimed at certain groups, for example because of race, religion, gender or sexual orientation
    • ", + "

    It takes many forms and can include:

    ", + "
  • physical assault
    • ", + "
  • teasing
    • ", + "
  • making threats
    • ", + "
  • name calling
    • ", + "
  • cyberbullying - bullying via mobile phone or online (for example email, social networks and instant messenger)
    • ", + "

    Your school should have its own policy to stop bullying.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/school-discipline-exclusions": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-discipline-exclusions", + "title": "School discipline and exclusions", + "content": "## Discipline\n\n## School behaviour policy\n\nEvery school has a behaviour policy, which lists the rules of conduct for pupils before and after school as well as during the school day.\n\nThe policy should also say what the school does to prevent bullying.\n\nYou can ask the school for a copy of the policy document.\n\n## Punishments\n\nSchools can punish pupils if they behave badly.\n\nExamples of punishments (sometimes called \u2018sanctions\u2019) include:\n\n- a telling-off\n\n- a letter home\n\n- removal from a class or group\n\n- confiscating something inappropriate for school , eg mobile phone or MP3 player\n\n- detention\n\n## Detention\n\nSchools don\u2019t have to give parents notice of after-school detentions or tell them why a detention has been given.\n\n## Physical contact\n\nSchool staff can use reasonable force to control and restrain pupils. This could include leading a pupil by the arm into a classroom.\n\n## Complaining about a punishment\n\nIf you disagree with the way your child\u2019s been punished, first talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.\n\n## Exclusions\n\nHeadteachers can exclude your child if they misbehave in or outside school.\n\n## What happens when your child is excluded\n\nYour child\u2019s school will let you know about an exclusion as soon as possible. They\u2019ll follow up with a letter telling you how long your child is excluded for and why.\n\nYou should also be told how to challenge the exclusion, if you want to.\n\nExclusions can start on the same day but the school shouldn\u2019t make you collect your child straight away.\n\n## Risk of prosecution if child is found in public place\n\nFor the first 5 school days of an exclusion, it\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child isn\u2019t in a public place during normal school hours unless there is a good reason.\n\nYou might be prosecuted if your child is found in a public place when they\u2019re not supposed to be.\n\nChild Law Advice has more information on what happens when a child is excluded.\n\n## Types of exclusion\n\nThere are 2 kinds of exclusion - fixed period (suspended) and permanent (expelled).\n\n## Fixed period exclusion\n\nA fixed period exclusion is where your child is temporarily removed from school. They can only be removed for up to 45 school days in one school year, even if they\u2019ve changed school.\n\nIf a child has been excluded for a fixed period, schools should set and mark work for the first 5 school days.\n\nIf the exclusion is longer than 5 school days, the school must arrange suitable full-time education from the sixth school day, eg at a pupil referral unit.\n\n## Permanent exclusion\n\nPermanent exclusion means your child is expelled. Your local council must arrange full-time education from the sixth school day.\n\n## Alternative education and exclusion\n\nThe school or local council must tell you about any alternative education they arrange. It\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child attends.\n\n## Making a complaint\n\nIf alternative education isn\u2019t arranged within 5 days, or you\u2019re not happy with the education, you can complain to:\n\n- the school, for fixed period exclusions\n\n- the local council, for permanent exclusions\n\nIf you\u2019re not happy with the response, you can complain to the Department for Education (DfE).\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that you followed the school or council\u2019s complaints procedure.\n\n## Challenging exclusion\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the school telling you what to do if you disagree with the exclusion.\n\nYou can ask the school\u2019s governing body to overturn the exclusion if either:\n\n- your child has been excluded for more than 5 days\n\n- the exclusion means they\u2019ll miss a public exam or national curriculum test\n\nIf the exclusion is for 5 days or fewer, you can still ask the governors to hear your views but they can\u2019t overturn the headteacher\u2019s decision.\n\n## Challenging permanent exclusion\n\nYou\u2019ll be invited to a review meeting with the school\u2019s governors if your child has been permanently excluded. This will happen within 15 school days.\n\nIf the governors don\u2019t overturn the exclusion, you can ask for an independent review by your local council (or academy trust if the school\u2019s an academy). The governors must tell you how to do this.\n\nIf your child is still excluded you can ask the Local Government Ombudsman (or the Education Funding Agency if the school\u2019s an academy or free school) to look at whether your case was handled properly. They can\u2019t overturn the exclusion.\n\n## Discrimination and other complaints\n\nYou can make a claim to a court or a tribunal if you think your child\u2019s been discriminated against. You need to do this within 6 months of the exclusion.\n\nContact the Equality Advisory Support Service for help and advice.\n\nFor more general complaints (eg if you don\u2019t want to challenge the exclusion but you\u2019re not happy with the way the school handled it), follow the normal school complaints process.\n\n## Searches\n\n## Searches without your child\u2019s consent\n\nThe school doesn\u2019t need your child\u2019s consent to search them if they think your child has prohibited items, including:\n\n- weapons, eg knives\n\n- alcohol\n\n- illegal drugs\n\n- stolen goods\n\n- tobacco products, eg cigarettes\n\n- pornographic images (of any kind, eg tabloid topless pictures and \u2018lads\u2019 mags\u2019 as well as extreme adult material)\n\n- fireworks\n\n- anything that has been, or is likely to be, used to cause injury or commit an offence\n\n- anything banned in the school rules\n\nThese things can be confiscated.\n\n## Legal requirements of a search\n\nThere should normally be 2 members of staff present during the search - the person doing the search and the search witness. Searches should normally be done by someone the same sex as your child.\n\nThe search witness must also be the same sex as your child if possible. Your child must not be asked to remove clothes, other than outer clothing like a coat.\n\nIf there\u2019s a risk of serious harm to a person if the search is not conducted immediately, a child may be searched by a person of the opposite sex and without another member of staff present.\n\n## Metal detectors\n\nSchools can make pupils go through a metal detector - they don\u2019t have to suspect that your child has a weapon. If your child refuses to go through the metal detector, they can be stopped from coming into school.\n\n## Complaining about a search\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with a search on your child at school, talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Discipline

    ", + "

    School behaviour policy

    ", + "

    Every school has a behaviour policy, which lists the rules of conduct for pupils before and after school as well as during the school day.

    ", + "

    The policy should also say what the school does to prevent bullying.

    ", + "

    You can ask the school for a copy of the policy document.

    ", + "

    Punishments

    ", + "

    Schools can punish pupils if they behave badly.

    ", + "

    Examples of punishments (sometimes called \u2018sanctions\u2019) include:

    ", + "
  • a telling-off
    • ", + "
  • a letter home
    • ", + "
  • removal from a class or group
    • ", + "
  • confiscating something inappropriate for school , eg mobile phone or MP3 player
    • ", + "
  • detention
    • ", + "

    Detention

    ", + "

    Schools don\u2019t have to give parents notice of after-school detentions or tell them why a detention has been given.

    ", + "

    Physical contact

    ", + "

    School staff can use reasonable force to control and restrain pupils. This could include leading a pupil by the arm into a classroom.

    ", + "

    Complaining about a punishment

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the way your child\u2019s been punished, first talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.

    ", + "

    Exclusions

    ", + "

    Headteachers can exclude your child if they misbehave in or outside school.

    ", + "

    What happens when your child is excluded

    ", + "

    Your child\u2019s school will let you know about an exclusion as soon as possible. They\u2019ll follow up with a letter telling you how long your child is excluded for and why.

    ", + "

    You should also be told how to challenge the exclusion, if you want to.

    ", + "

    Exclusions can start on the same day but the school shouldn\u2019t make you collect your child straight away.

    ", + "

    Risk of prosecution if child is found in public place

    ", + "

    For the first 5 school days of an exclusion, it\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child isn\u2019t in a public place during normal school hours unless there is a good reason.

    ", + "

    You might be prosecuted if your child is found in a public place when they\u2019re not supposed to be.

    ", + "

    Child Law Advice has more information on what happens when a child is excluded.

    ", + "

    Types of exclusion

    ", + "

    There are 2 kinds of exclusion - fixed period (suspended) and permanent (expelled).

    ", + "

    Fixed period exclusion

    ", + "

    A fixed period exclusion is where your child is temporarily removed from school. They can only be removed for up to 45 school days in one school year, even if they\u2019ve changed school.

    ", + "

    If a child has been excluded for a fixed period, schools should set and mark work for the first 5 school days.

    ", + "

    If the exclusion is longer than 5 school days, the school must arrange suitable full-time education from the sixth school day, eg at a pupil referral unit.

    ", + "

    Permanent exclusion

    ", + "

    Permanent exclusion means your child is expelled. Your local council must arrange full-time education from the sixth school day.

    ", + "

    Alternative education and exclusion

    ", + "

    The school or local council must tell you about any alternative education they arrange. It\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child attends.

    ", + "

    Making a complaint

    ", + "

    If alternative education isn\u2019t arranged within 5 days, or you\u2019re not happy with the education, you can complain to:

    ", + "
  • the school, for fixed period exclusions
    • ", + "
  • the local council, for permanent exclusions
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not happy with the response, you can complain to the Department for Education (DfE).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that you followed the school or council\u2019s complaints procedure.

    ", + "

    Challenging exclusion

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the school telling you what to do if you disagree with the exclusion.

    ", + "

    You can ask the school\u2019s governing body to overturn the exclusion if either:

    ", + "
  • your child has been excluded for more than 5 days
    • ", + "
  • the exclusion means they\u2019ll miss a public exam or national curriculum test
    • ", + "

    If the exclusion is for 5 days or fewer, you can still ask the governors to hear your views but they can\u2019t overturn the headteacher\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Challenging permanent exclusion

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be invited to a review meeting with the school\u2019s governors if your child has been permanently excluded. This will happen within 15 school days.

    ", + "

    If the governors don\u2019t overturn the exclusion, you can ask for an independent review by your local council (or academy trust if the school\u2019s an academy). The governors must tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    If your child is still excluded you can ask the Local Government Ombudsman (or the Education Funding Agency if the school\u2019s an academy or free school) to look at whether your case was handled properly. They can\u2019t overturn the exclusion.

    ", + "

    Discrimination and other complaints

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to a court or a tribunal if you think your child\u2019s been discriminated against. You need to do this within 6 months of the exclusion.

    ", + "

    Contact the Equality Advisory Support Service for help and advice.

    ", + "

    For more general complaints (eg if you don\u2019t want to challenge the exclusion but you\u2019re not happy with the way the school handled it), follow the normal school complaints process.

    ", + "

    Searches

    ", + "

    Searches without your child\u2019s consent

    ", + "

    The school doesn\u2019t need your child\u2019s consent to search them if they think your child has prohibited items, including:

    ", + "
  • weapons, eg knives
    • ", + "
  • alcohol
    • ", + "
  • illegal drugs
    • ", + "
  • stolen goods
    • ", + "
  • tobacco products, eg cigarettes
    • ", + "
  • pornographic images (of any kind, eg tabloid topless pictures and \u2018lads\u2019 mags\u2019 as well as extreme adult material)
    • ", + "
  • fireworks
    • ", + "
  • anything that has been, or is likely to be, used to cause injury or commit an offence
    • ", + "
  • anything banned in the school rules
    • ", + "

    These things can be confiscated.

    ", + "

    Legal requirements of a search

    ", + "

    There should normally be 2 members of staff present during the search - the person doing the search and the search witness. Searches should normally be done by someone the same sex as your child.

    ", + "

    The search witness must also be the same sex as your child if possible. Your child must not be asked to remove clothes, other than outer clothing like a coat.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a risk of serious harm to a person if the search is not conducted immediately, a child may be searched by a person of the opposite sex and without another member of staff present.

    ", + "

    Metal detectors

    ", + "

    Schools can make pupils go through a metal detector - they don\u2019t have to suspect that your child has a weapon. If your child refuses to go through the metal detector, they can be stopped from coming into school.

    ", + "

    Complaining about a search

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with a search on your child at school, talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/renounce-british-nationality": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renounce-british-nationality", + "title": "Give up (renounce) British citizenship or nationality", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply to give up (renounce) your British citizenship or status. If accepted, you\u2019ll get a \u2018declaration of renunciation\u2019 that you can use to show that you\u2019re no longer British.\n\nYou might do this, for example, if you want to become a citizen of another country that does not allow dual citizenship.\n\nYou can renounce your:\n\n- British citizenship\n\n- British overseas territories citizenship\n\n- British overseas citizenship\n\n- British subject status\n\n- British national (overseas) status\n\nYou can give up more than one at a time.\n\nGiving up your citizenship or status only affects you and not any other members of your family - although it could affect the status of any children you have in future.\n\nYour right to live in the UK will be affected if you give up citizenship.\n\n## When you can give up your citizenship\n\nYou can only give up your British citizenship or status if either of the following apply:\n\n- you already have another citizenship or nationality\n\n- you\u2019re going to get another citizenship or nationality after giving up your British citizenship or status\n\nYou must also be:\n\n- aged 18 or over (unless you\u2019re under 18 and married)\n\n- of sound mind (unless it\u2019s decided that it\u2019s in your best interest)\n\n## Apply\n\nFill in the form online. You\u2019ll usually be able to keep your documents while your application is being processed.\n\nIf you live in the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or a British overseas territory, you have to apply in person or by post instead. Check which you can do with your governor\u2019s office.\n\nIf you live elsewhere, you can apply by post. This will take much longer than applying online because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Avoid applying by post, especially if you need your documents back by a specific date.\n\nIt is taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus. This will not affect the decision.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018declaration of renunciation\u2019 if your application is successful. This will be your application form, officially signed and stamped.\n\nThe date your citizenship or status stops will be shown on the form.\n\nYour supporting documents will be returned to you whether you\u2019re successful or not.\n\nIt is taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19). This will not affect the decision.\n\n## Time limits if you\u2019re getting another citizenship\n\nYou\u2019ll have 6 months from when you received your declaration to get another citizenship - otherwise the declaration will no longer be valid and you\u2019ll keep your British citizenship or status.\n\n## Resume your British nationality\n\nIn some cases it\u2019s possible to resume your British nationality after renouncing it.\n\nRead the guidance to check if you can apply.\n\nIt is taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19). This will not affect the decision. You\u2019ll get extra time to provide your fingerprints, photo and additional information, and to book a citizenship ceremony.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFill in the form online. You\u2019ll usually be able to keep your documents while your application is being processed.\n\nIf you live in the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or a British overseas territory, you have to apply in person or by post instead. Check which you can do with your governor\u2019s office.\n\nIf you live elsewhere, you can apply by post. This will take much longer than applying online because of coronavirus. Avoid applying by post, especially if you need your documents back by a specific date.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Fee\n\nPay the current fee for registration.\n\nYour fee will not be refunded if your application is refused.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying from the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or a British overseas territory\n\nYou\u2019ll be told the fee for providing your biometric information when you apply.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your copy of your declaration of renunciation (either form RN1 or R6)\n\n- your passport, or certificate of naturalisation or registration for your current citizenship or nationality\n\n- an official letter or statement from the country you\u2019re currently a citizen or national of saying that if you had not given up your British citizenship you\u2019d have lost or failed to get your current citizenship or nationality\n\nIf you gave up United Kingdom and Colonies citizenship you\u2019ll also need to provide:\n\n- the birth, naturalisation or registration certificate of the person you have the connection to the UK with, and evidence of your relationship to that person, for example a birth, marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\n- evidence that you gave up citizenship because you believed you\u2019d be deprived of your citizenship of a Commonwealth country unless you did so - this should be a separate letter explaining this plus any supporting documents\n\nYou may have to provide different documents if you originally gave up citizenship for a reason other than you\u2019d have lost or failed to get citizenship of another country - read the guidance for details.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying from the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or a British overseas territory\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to provide your biometric information and supporting documents when you apply.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to give up (renounce) your British citizenship or status. If accepted, you\u2019ll get a \u2018declaration of renunciation\u2019 that you can use to show that you\u2019re no longer British.

    ", + "

    You might do this, for example, if you want to become a citizen of another country that does not allow dual citizenship.

    ", + "

    You can renounce your:

    ", + "
  • British citizenship
    • ", + "
  • British overseas territories citizenship
    • ", + "
  • British overseas citizenship
    • ", + "
  • British subject status
    • ", + "
  • British national (overseas) status
    • ", + "

    You can give up more than one at a time.

    ", + "

    Giving up your citizenship or status only affects you and not any other members of your family - although it could affect the status of any children you have in future.

    ", + "

    Your right to live in the UK will be affected if you give up citizenship.

    ", + "

    When you can give up your citizenship

    ", + "

    You can only give up your British citizenship or status if either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you already have another citizenship or nationality
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re going to get another citizenship or nationality after giving up your British citizenship or status
    • ", + "

    You must also be:

    ", + "
  • aged 18 or over (unless you\u2019re under 18 and married)
    • ", + "
  • of sound mind (unless it\u2019s decided that it\u2019s in your best interest)
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Fill in the form online. You\u2019ll usually be able to keep your documents while your application is being processed.

    ", + "

    If you live in the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or a British overseas territory, you have to apply in person or by post instead. Check which you can do with your governor\u2019s office.

    ", + "

    If you live elsewhere, you can apply by post. This will take much longer than applying online because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Avoid applying by post, especially if you need your documents back by a specific date.

    ", + "

    It is taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus. This will not affect the decision.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018declaration of renunciation\u2019 if your application is successful. This will be your application form, officially signed and stamped.

    ", + "

    The date your citizenship or status stops will be shown on the form.

    ", + "

    Your supporting documents will be returned to you whether you\u2019re successful or not.

    ", + "

    It is taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19). This will not affect the decision.

    ", + "

    Time limits if you\u2019re getting another citizenship

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have 6 months from when you received your declaration to get another citizenship - otherwise the declaration will no longer be valid and you\u2019ll keep your British citizenship or status.

    ", + "

    Resume your British nationality

    ", + "

    In some cases it\u2019s possible to resume your British nationality after renouncing it.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to check if you can apply.

    ", + "

    It is taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19). This will not affect the decision. You\u2019ll get extra time to provide your fingerprints, photo and additional information, and to book a citizenship ceremony.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Fill in the form online. You\u2019ll usually be able to keep your documents while your application is being processed.

    ", + "

    If you live in the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or a British overseas territory, you have to apply in person or by post instead. Check which you can do with your governor\u2019s office.

    ", + "

    If you live elsewhere, you can apply by post. This will take much longer than applying online because of coronavirus. Avoid applying by post, especially if you need your documents back by a specific date.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Fee

    ", + "

    Pay the current fee for registration.

    ", + "

    Your fee will not be refunded if your application is refused.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or a British overseas territory

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told the fee for providing your biometric information when you apply.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your copy of your declaration of renunciation (either form RN1 or R6)
    • ", + "
  • your passport, or certificate of naturalisation or registration for your current citizenship or nationality
    • ", + "
  • an official letter or statement from the country you\u2019re currently a citizen or national of saying that if you had not given up your British citizenship you\u2019d have lost or failed to get your current citizenship or nationality
    • ", + "

    If you gave up United Kingdom and Colonies citizenship you\u2019ll also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • the birth, naturalisation or registration certificate of the person you have the connection to the UK with, and evidence of your relationship to that person, for example a birth, marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you gave up citizenship because you believed you\u2019d be deprived of your citizenship of a Commonwealth country unless you did so - this should be a separate letter explaining this plus any supporting documents
    • ", + "

    You may have to provide different documents if you originally gave up citizenship for a reason other than you\u2019d have lost or failed to get citizenship of another country - read the guidance for details.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or a British overseas territory

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to provide your biometric information and supporting documents when you apply.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "title": "Windrush Scheme: get a document showing your right to be in the UK", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re settled in the UK but do not have a document to prove it, you may be eligible to apply to the \u2018Windrush Scheme\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:\n\n- you came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973\n\n- your parents came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973\n\n- you came to the UK from any country before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nYou might also be entitled to apply for citizenship for free if you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen who settled in the UK before 1 January 1973, or you\u2019re the child of someone who did.\n\n## If you suffered losses because you did not have documents\n\nIf you are eligible for this scheme, you might also be able to apply for compensation. The compensation scheme is for losses that happened because you could not show that you had a right to live in the UK.\n\n\u2018Losses\u2019 can be things like not being able to work, find a place to live or get health treatment. They can also include immigration action, like detention or removal from the UK.\n\n## You arrived before 1973 from a Commonwealth country\n\nYou may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen\n\n- you were settled in the UK before 1 January 1973\n\nWhat you\u2019re entitled to depends on whether you:\n\n- have been living in the UK continuously\n\n- left the UK for more than 2 years and came back\n\n- are outside the UK\n\n## If you\u2019ve been living in the UK continuously\n\nIf you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously, or have the right of abode, you can apply for one of the following:\n\n- British citizenship\n\n- evidence you have the right of abode\n\n- a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019ve left the UK for more than 2 years and come back\n\nIf you\u2019ve been away from the UK for more than 2 years at some point and are now lawfully in the UK, you might be entitled to indefinite leave to remain.\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain you might be able to apply for either:\n\n- a document to prove you have this\n\n- British citizenship\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve left the UK and have lost your indefinite leave to remain, you might be entitled to:\n\n- a Returning Resident visa\n\n- a 10 year multiple entry visa\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## You're the child of a Commonwealth citizen who arrived before 1973\n\nYou can apply for British citizenship or a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain.\n\nIf you do not have indefinite leave to remain but are here lawfully, you can apply for it through the scheme.\n\nTo apply, one of your parents must be a Commonwealth citizen and either:\n\n- was settled in the UK before 1 January 1973\n\n- had the right of abode\n\nOne of the following must also be true:\n\n- you were born in the UK\n\n- you came to live in the UK before turning 18\n\nYou must have lived continuously in the UK since arriving (or being born) here.\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## You arrived before 1989\n\nYou can apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if you came to live in the UK before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here.\n\nYou can be of any nationality.\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## How to apply\n\nWhen you apply, the Home Office will work with other government departments to find records of you living in the UK.\n\nNone of your information will be shared with immigration enforcement teams.\n\n## If you\u2019re in the UK\n\nApply using the Windrush Scheme application form (UK).\n\nPost it to the address on the form with your supporting documents.\n\nThe Windrush helpline can post a paper form to you.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYou must apply using an online form.\n\n## Fee\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Windrush taskforce will get in touch with you if they have any questions about your application, or if they need more information.\n\n## Give your fingerprints and photo\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to provide your fingerprints and photo (\u2018biometric information\u2019) once you\u2019ve sent in your form. You will not have to pay anything to do this.\n\n## Commonwealth countries\n\nYou may be eligible for the Windrush Scheme if you arrived in the UK from any country before 1989.\n\nYou may also be eligible if you or your parent is a citizen of one of the following Commonwealth countries:\n\n- Anguilla\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- The Bahamas\n\n- Bangladesh\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Bermuda\n\n- Botswana\n\n- British Antarctic Territory\n\n- British Indian Ocean Territory\n\n- Brunei\n\n- Canada\n\n- Cayman Islands\n\n- Cyprus (excluding the Sovereign base area)\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Falkland Islands\n\n- Fiji\n\n- The Gambia\n\n- Ghana\n\n- Gibraltar\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Hong Kong\n\n- India\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Kenya\n\n- Kiribati\n\n- Lesotho\n\n- Malawi\n\n- Malaysia\n\n- Maldives\n\n- Malta\n\n- Mauritius\n\n- Monserrat\n\n- Namibia\n\n- Nauru\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Nigeria\n\n- Pakistan\n\n- Papua New Guinea\n\n- Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands\n\n- Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha\n\n- Saint Lucia\n\n- Samoa\n\n- Seychelles\n\n- Sierra Leone\n\n- Singapore\n\n- Solomon Islands\n\n- South Africa\n\n- South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands\n\n- Sri Lanka\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Vincent and The Grenadines\n\n- Swaziland\n\n- Tanzania\n\n- Tonga\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- Turks and Caicos Islands\n\n- Tuvalu\n\n- Uganda\n\n- Vanuatu\n\n- Virgin Islands\n\n- Zambia\n\n- Zimbabwe\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Windrush helpline\n\nThe Windrush helpline can:\n\n- help you make a claim\n\n- give extra support to those who need it - for example, elderly or vulnerable claimants\n\n- post a form to you\n\nIf you are outside the UK, email the helpline and request a call back.\n\nOutside of the helpline opening hours, you can leave a message to ask for your call to be returned at a convenient time.\n\nYou can also sign up for email updates about the scheme.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re settled in the UK but do not have a document to prove it, you may be eligible to apply to the \u2018Windrush Scheme\u2019.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973
    • ", + "
  • your parents came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973
    • ", + "
  • you came to the UK from any country before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply.

    ", + "

    You might also be entitled to apply for citizenship for free if you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen who settled in the UK before 1 January 1973, or you\u2019re the child of someone who did.

    ", + "

    If you suffered losses because you did not have documents

    ", + "

    If you are eligible for this scheme, you might also be able to apply for compensation. The compensation scheme is for losses that happened because you could not show that you had a right to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    \u2018Losses\u2019 can be things like not being able to work, find a place to live or get health treatment. They can also include immigration action, like detention or removal from the UK.

    ", + "

    You arrived before 1973 from a Commonwealth country

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen
    • ", + "
  • you were settled in the UK before 1 January 1973
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019re entitled to depends on whether you:

    ", + "
  • have been living in the UK continuously
    • ", + "
  • left the UK for more than 2 years and came back
    • ", + "
  • are outside the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been living in the UK continuously

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously, or have the right of abode, you can apply for one of the following:

    ", + "
  • British citizenship
    • ", + "
  • evidence you have the right of abode
    • ", + "
  • a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain
    • ", + "

    Contact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve left the UK for more than 2 years and come back

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been away from the UK for more than 2 years at some point and are now lawfully in the UK, you might be entitled to indefinite leave to remain.

    ", + "

    If you already have indefinite leave to remain you might be able to apply for either:

    ", + "
  • a document to prove you have this
    • ", + "
  • British citizenship
    • ", + "

    Contact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve left the UK and have lost your indefinite leave to remain, you might be entitled to:

    ", + "
  • a Returning Resident visa
    • ", + "
  • a 10 year multiple entry visa
    • ", + "

    Contact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You're the child of a Commonwealth citizen who arrived before 1973

    ", + "

    You can apply for British citizenship or a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain.

    ", + "

    If you do not have indefinite leave to remain but are here lawfully, you can apply for it through the scheme.

    ", + "

    To apply, one of your parents must be a Commonwealth citizen and either:

    ", + "
  • was settled in the UK before 1 January 1973
    • ", + "
  • had the right of abode
    • ", + "

    One of the following must also be true:

    ", + "
  • you were born in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you came to live in the UK before turning 18
    • ", + "

    You must have lived continuously in the UK since arriving (or being born) here.

    ", + "

    Contact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    You arrived before 1989

    ", + "

    You can apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if you came to live in the UK before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here.

    ", + "

    You can be of any nationality.

    ", + "

    Contact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply, the Home Office will work with other government departments to find records of you living in the UK.

    ", + "

    None of your information will be shared with immigration enforcement teams.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    Apply using the Windrush Scheme application form (UK).

    ", + "

    Post it to the address on the form with your supporting documents.

    ", + "

    The Windrush helpline can post a paper form to you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply using an online form.

    ", + "

    Fee

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The Windrush taskforce will get in touch with you if they have any questions about your application, or if they need more information.

    ", + "

    Give your fingerprints and photo

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to provide your fingerprints and photo (\u2018biometric information\u2019) once you\u2019ve sent in your form. You will not have to pay anything to do this.

    ", + "

    Commonwealth countries

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for the Windrush Scheme if you arrived in the UK from any country before 1989.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible if you or your parent is a citizen of one of the following Commonwealth countries:

    ", + "
  • Anguilla
    • ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • The Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Bangladesh
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Bermuda
    • ", + "
  • Botswana
    • ", + "
  • British Antarctic Territory
    • ", + "
  • British Indian Ocean Territory
    • ", + "
  • Brunei
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Cayman Islands
    • ", + "
  • Cyprus (excluding the Sovereign base area)
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Falkland Islands
    • ", + "
  • Fiji
    • ", + "
  • The Gambia
    • ", + "
  • Ghana
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Hong Kong
    • ", + "
  • India
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Kenya
    • ", + "
  • Kiribati
    • ", + "
  • Lesotho
    • ", + "
  • Malawi
    • ", + "
  • Malaysia
    • ", + "
  • Maldives
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • Mauritius
    • ", + "
  • Monserrat
    • ", + "
  • Namibia
    • ", + "
  • Nauru
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Nigeria
    • ", + "
  • Pakistan
    • ", + "
  • Papua New Guinea
    • ", + "
  • Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands
    • ", + "
  • Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
    • ", + "
  • Saint Lucia
    • ", + "
  • Samoa
    • ", + "
  • Seychelles
    • ", + "
  • Sierra Leone
    • ", + "
  • Singapore
    • ", + "
  • Solomon Islands
    • ", + "
  • South Africa
    • ", + "
  • South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
    • ", + "
  • Sri Lanka
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and The Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Swaziland
    • ", + "
  • Tanzania
    • ", + "
  • Tonga
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • Turks and Caicos Islands
    • ", + "
  • Tuvalu
    • ", + "
  • Uganda
    • ", + "
  • Vanuatu
    • ", + "
  • Virgin Islands
    • ", + "
  • Zambia
    • ", + "
  • Zimbabwe
    • ", + "

    Contact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Windrush helpline

    ", + "

    The Windrush helpline can:

    ", + "
  • help you make a claim
    • ", + "
  • give extra support to those who need it - for example, elderly or vulnerable claimants
    • ", + "
  • post a form to you
    • ", + "

    If you are outside the UK, email the helpline and request a call back.

    ", + "

    Outside of the helpline opening hours, you can leave a message to ask for your call to be returned at a convenient time.

    ", + "

    You can also sign up for email updates about the scheme.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "title": "Apply for a veterans badge or a medal", + "content": "## Apply for a veterans badge\n\nYou can get an armed forces veterans badge if you\u2019ve served in any of the UK armed forces - there\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you were in the:\n\n- army\n\n- Royal Navy\n\n- Royal Marines\n\n- Royal Air Force (RAF)\n\n- volunteer or regular reserves\n\nYou cannot apply if you:\n\n- served in the armed forces of another country\n\n- served alongside the UK armed forces, for example in the Canadian Navy or Royal Australian Air Force\n\n## If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died\n\nYou can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get either:\n\n- a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension\n\n- compensation under the Survivors Guaranteed Income Payment (SGIP)\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application for an armed forces veterans badge.\n\nYou can also call the enquiries line to get a paper application form sent to you.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give as much information on the form as possible, such as:\n\n- the force you served in, for example the army or Royal Navy\n\n- service number\n\n- period of service\n\nPost the form to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.\n\nYou can also apply for a medal if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nIf you lose your badge, you can apply for a replacement.\n\n## Get help\n\nIf you need to contact MOD about your veterans badge application, you can phone, fax or send an email to dbs-modmo-vetsbadge@mod.gov.uk.\n\nYou cannot apply for a veterans badge by email.\n\n## Apply for a medal\n\nYou can apply for a medal if you served in the armed forces and are eligible.\n\nFind out the types of medal the Ministry of Defence (MOD) issues.\n\nYou can only apply for World War 1 medals if the original was returned.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you were awarded a medal for service in any of the following:\n\n- the army\n\n- the Royal Navy\n\n- the Royal Marines\n\n- the Royal Air Force (RAF)\n\n- the Home Guard\n\n- the reserve forces\n\nYou must meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal\n\nYou can apply on behalf of a veteran if you have lasting power of attorney.\n\nIf the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules for the official next of kin are:\n\n- the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has the first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the parent is entitled to apply\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse, child or parent, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the medal application form.\n\nApply through your unit if you\u2019re still serving in the armed forces.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone else, you must include a copy of either your lasting power of attorney or a death certificate.\n\nPost the form, along with any supporting documents, to the MOD Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your medal within 12 weeks of sending the application form.\n\nYou can apply for a replacement medal if the original\u2019s been stolen or accidentally destroyed, for example in a fire.\n\n## Get help\n\nIf you need to contact MOD about your medal application, email dbs-medals@mod.gov.uk.\n\n## Replace a badge or medal\n\nYou can get the first replacement veterans badge for free.\n\nYou may be able to get a replacement medal - it depends how it was lost. You\u2019ll have to pay for the replacement medal plus a fee.\n\n## Replace a veterans badge\n\nFollow the instructions for applying for a veterans badge - you can use the same form.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your replacement veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.\n\nYou do not have to pay a fee if it\u2019s the first veterans badge you\u2019re replacing.\n\n## Replace a medal\n\nYou can only get a replacement medal from the Ministry of Defence (MOD) if it was stolen or destroyed, for example in a fire or flood. The medal must have been awarded for service after World War 1.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show proof by providing a copy of either a:\n\n- police crime report\n\n- successful insurance claim listing the individual items\n\nYou can also buy replacement medals from a licensed medal dealer.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the medal application form to ask for a replacement medal. Post the form to the MOD Medal Office, along with:\n\n- a letter explaining how the medal was stolen or destroyed\n\n- a copy of the police report or insurance claim\n\nThe address is on the form.\n\nContact your unit\u2019s human resources (HR) department if you\u2019re currently serving in the armed forces.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the Medal Office - usually within 10 working days of when your application\u2019s received.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much the replacement will cost and how to pay if your application\u2019s successful. The cost depends on the type of medal. It includes an administration fee.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the replacement within 4 weeks from the Medal Office getting your payment.\n\n## Apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge\n\nYou can apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge if you:\n\n- were a Merchant Navy seafarer or fisherman\n\n- served in a vessel used to support the UK Armed Forces\n\n## If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died\n\nYou can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for a badge through the Merchant Navy Association.\n\n## Members of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary\n\nIf you\u2019re a member of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary, apply for the armed forces veterans badge.\n\n## Apply for a UK merchant navy medal\n\nYou can apply for a UK merchant navy medal if you were a member of the merchant navy and you:\n\n- served in a vessel used to support the UK armed forces\n\n- meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for\n\n## How to apply\n\nComplete the application form and send it to the address on the form. You\u2019ll also need to send your seaman\u2019s discharge book.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal\n\nYou can apply for someone else if either:\n\n- they\u2019ve died\n\n- you have lasting power of attorney\n\nYou must include a copy of the death certificate or your lasting power of attorney.\n\nIf the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules are:\n\n- the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision within 30 working days of your application being received.\n\n## Get help\n\nEmail seafarers_registry@mcga.gov.uk if you need help with your application.\n\n## Replace a lost or stolen medal\n\nYou\u2019ll need to complete the application form if your medal is lost or has been stolen.\n\n## If you want to appeal or complain\n\nYou can write to or email the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office if you want to:\n\n- appeal a decision\n\n- complain about how you\u2019ve been treated\n\nYou should include any new evidence you have if you make an appeal.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Apply for a veterans badge

    ", + "

    You can get an armed forces veterans badge if you\u2019ve served in any of the UK armed forces - there\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply if you were in the:

    ", + "
  • army
    • ", + "
  • Royal Navy
    • ", + "
  • Royal Marines
    • ", + "
  • Royal Air Force (RAF)
    • ", + "
  • volunteer or regular reserves
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply if you:

    ", + "
  • served in the armed forces of another country
    • ", + "
  • served alongside the UK armed forces, for example in the Canadian Navy or Royal Australian Air Force
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died

    ", + "

    You can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get either:

    ", + "
  • a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension
    • ", + "
  • compensation under the Survivors Guaranteed Income Payment (SGIP)
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application for an armed forces veterans badge.

    ", + "

    You can also call the enquiries line to get a paper application form sent to you.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give as much information on the form as possible, such as:

    ", + "
  • the force you served in, for example the army or Royal Navy
    • ", + "
  • service number
    • ", + "
  • period of service
    • ", + "

    Post the form to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get your veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.

    ", + "

    You can also apply for a medal if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    If you lose your badge, you can apply for a replacement.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    If you need to contact MOD about your veterans badge application, you can phone, fax or send an email to dbs-modmo-vetsbadge@mod.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a veterans badge by email.

    ", + "

    Apply for a medal

    ", + "

    You can apply for a medal if you served in the armed forces and are eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out the types of medal the Ministry of Defence (MOD) issues.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for World War 1 medals if the original was returned.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply if you were awarded a medal for service in any of the following:

    ", + "
  • the army
    • ", + "
  • the Royal Navy
    • ", + "
  • the Royal Marines
    • ", + "
  • the Royal Air Force (RAF)
    • ", + "
  • the Home Guard
    • ", + "
  • the reserve forces
    • ", + "

    You must meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal

    ", + "

    You can apply on behalf of a veteran if you have lasting power of attorney.

    ", + "

    If the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules for the official next of kin are:

    ", + "
  • the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has the first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child
    • ", + "
  • if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the parent is entitled to apply
    • ", + "
  • if there\u2019s no spouse, child or parent, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the medal application form.

    ", + "

    Apply through your unit if you\u2019re still serving in the armed forces.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone else, you must include a copy of either your lasting power of attorney or a death certificate.

    ", + "

    Post the form, along with any supporting documents, to the MOD Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get your medal within 12 weeks of sending the application form.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a replacement medal if the original\u2019s been stolen or accidentally destroyed, for example in a fire.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    If you need to contact MOD about your medal application, email dbs-medals@mod.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    Replace a badge or medal

    ", + "

    You can get the first replacement veterans badge for free.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a replacement medal - it depends how it was lost. You\u2019ll have to pay for the replacement medal plus a fee.

    ", + "

    Replace a veterans badge

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions for applying for a veterans badge - you can use the same form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get your replacement veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay a fee if it\u2019s the first veterans badge you\u2019re replacing.

    ", + "

    Replace a medal

    ", + "

    You can only get a replacement medal from the Ministry of Defence (MOD) if it was stolen or destroyed, for example in a fire or flood. The medal must have been awarded for service after World War 1.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show proof by providing a copy of either a:

    ", + "
  • police crime report
    • ", + "
  • successful insurance claim listing the individual items
    • ", + "

    You can also buy replacement medals from a licensed medal dealer.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the medal application form to ask for a replacement medal. Post the form to the MOD Medal Office, along with:

    ", + "
  • a letter explaining how the medal was stolen or destroyed
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the police report or insurance claim
    • ", + "

    The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Contact your unit\u2019s human resources (HR) department if you\u2019re currently serving in the armed forces.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the Medal Office - usually within 10 working days of when your application\u2019s received.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how much the replacement will cost and how to pay if your application\u2019s successful. The cost depends on the type of medal. It includes an administration fee.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the replacement within 4 weeks from the Medal Office getting your payment.

    ", + "

    Apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge

    ", + "

    You can apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge if you:

    ", + "
  • were a Merchant Navy seafarer or fisherman
    • ", + "
  • served in a vessel used to support the UK Armed Forces
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died

    ", + "

    You can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for a badge through the Merchant Navy Association.

    ", + "

    Members of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a member of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary, apply for the armed forces veterans badge.

    ", + "

    Apply for a UK merchant navy medal

    ", + "

    You can apply for a UK merchant navy medal if you were a member of the merchant navy and you:

    ", + "
  • served in a vessel used to support the UK armed forces
    • ", + "
  • meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Complete the application form and send it to the address on the form. You\u2019ll also need to send your seaman\u2019s discharge book.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal

    ", + "

    You can apply for someone else if either:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve died
    • ", + "
  • you have lasting power of attorney
    • ", + "

    You must include a copy of the death certificate or your lasting power of attorney.

    ", + "

    If the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules are:

    ", + "
  • the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child
    • ", + "
  • if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply
    • ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision within 30 working days of your application being received.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Email seafarers_registry@mcga.gov.uk if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    Replace a lost or stolen medal

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to complete the application form if your medal is lost or has been stolen.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal or complain

    ", + "

    You can write to or email the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office if you want to:

    ", + "
  • appeal a decision
    • ", + "
  • complain about how you\u2019ve been treated
    • ", + "

    You should include any new evidence you have if you make an appeal.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/become-magistrate": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-magistrate", + "title": "Become a magistrate", + "content": "## What magistrates do\n\nMagistrates are volunteers who hear cases in courts in their community. They can hear cases in the criminal court, the family court, or both.\n\nEach case is usually heard by 3 magistrates, including a magistrate who is trained to act as a chairperson.\n\nA legal adviser in the court gives advice on the law and makes sure the magistrates follow the right procedures.\n\n## Criminal cases\n\nAll criminal cases begin in a magistrates\u2019 court.\n\nMagistrates pass the most serious crimes (for example murder, rape and robbery) to the Crown Court. Magistrates decide if the defendant should be:\n\n- kept in custody - for example in a police or court cell\n\n- let out on strict conditions - for example to keep away from named places or people\n\nMagistrates deal with crimes like:\n\n- minor assaults\n\n- motoring offences\n\n- theft\n\n- handling stolen goods\n\n- TV licence evasion\n\nMagistrates can give punishments such as:\n\n- fines\n\n- unpaid work in the community\n\n- prison for up to 6 months (or up to 12 months for more than 1 crime)\n\n## Family cases\n\nMagistrates can also hear cases at a family court.\n\nThese magistrates deal with cases about children. They can:\n\n- arrange for a child to be taken into care or put up for adoption\n\n- help separated parents make arrangements for their children\n\n- enforce child maintenance orders\n\n- make court orders to prevent domestic abuse\n\nThese magistrates can get advice from the child\u2019s guardian or a family court adviser during the case.\n\n## Who can be a magistrate\n\nYou need to give up some of your spare time and not everyone can serve as a magistrate.\n\n## Qualifications\n\nYou do not need formal qualifications or legal training to become a magistrate.\n\nYou will get full training for the role, and a legal adviser in court will help you with questions about the law.\n\n## Age\n\nYou have to be over 18 and under 65.\n\nMagistrates must retire at 70 and are normally expected to serve for at least 5 years.\n\n## Health\n\nYou need to be able to hear clearly, with or without a hearing aid, to listen to a case.\n\nYou also need to be able to sit and concentrate for long periods of time.\n\n## Personal qualities\n\nYou need to show you\u2019ve got the right personal qualities, for example that you are:\n\n- aware of social issues\n\n- mature, understand people and have a sense of fairness\n\n- reliable and committed to serving the community\n\nYou also need to be able to:\n\n- understand documents, follow evidence and communicate effectively\n\n- think logically, weigh up arguments and reach a fair decision\n\n## Good character\n\nIt\u2019s unlikely you\u2019ll be taken on if you have been:\n\n- found guilty of a serious crime\n\n- found guilty of a number of minor offences\n\n- banned from driving in the past 5 to 10 years\n\n- declared bankrupt\n\n## Conflicts of interest\n\nYou cannot be a magistrate if you work in one of a small number of jobs where there could be a conflict of interest - for instance if you are a police officer.\n\n## Time off for magistrate duties\n\nYou will need to be in court for at least 13 days a year, which are usually full days.\n\nDiscuss with your employer how you will balance your work and magistrate duties.\n\nYour employer must, by law, allow you reasonable time off work to serve as a magistrate.\n\nYou will get your rota well in advance, so you can give your employer plenty of notice of when you\u2019ll be in court.\n\n## Pay and allowances\n\nMagistrates are not paid, but many employers allow their employees time off with pay.\n\nIf you lose out on pay, you can claim an allowance at a set rate, as well as allowances for travel and subsistence.\n\nFind out more about magistrates\u2019 allowances.\n\n## Training to be a magistrate\n\nYou will need training to be a magistrate.\n\nThe training when you start will add up to about 21 hours, or 3 and a half days, as well as some meetings.\n\nThe training could take place over:\n\n- a long weekend\n\n- weekdays\n\n- short evening sessions over several weeks\n\n## Apply to be a magistrate\n\n## Visit your local court\n\nYou should visit your local court at least once, and a few times if you can, to check the role is right for you.\n\nAs family cases are heard in private, you will not be able to visit a family court before you apply.\n\nUse the court finder to find your nearest court.\n\nThe court can let you know when it\u2019s best to visit and which courtrooms to go and see.\n\nIf you are invited to an interview, you will be asked to talk about your visits.\n\n## Find out where to apply\n\nYou need to apply to the advisory committee for your local court.\n\nCheck the list of advisory committees to find out if there are any vacancies in your area, and where you need to apply.\n\n## Application form\n\nYou can download the application form and guidance notes and email or post it to the advisory committee for your area.\n\n## Recruitment queries\n\nContact your local advisory committee if you have a question about applying to become a magistrate.\n\nYou can also contact the Magistrates HR Team.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What magistrates do

    ", + "

    Magistrates are volunteers who hear cases in courts in their community. They can hear cases in the criminal court, the family court, or both.

    ", + "

    Each case is usually heard by 3 magistrates, including a magistrate who is trained to act as a chairperson.

    ", + "

    A legal adviser in the court gives advice on the law and makes sure the magistrates follow the right procedures.

    ", + "

    Criminal cases

    ", + "

    All criminal cases begin in a magistrates\u2019 court.

    ", + "

    Magistrates pass the most serious crimes (for example murder, rape and robbery) to the Crown Court. Magistrates decide if the defendant should be:

    ", + "
  • kept in custody - for example in a police or court cell
    • ", + "
  • let out on strict conditions - for example to keep away from named places or people
    • ", + "

    Magistrates deal with crimes like:

    ", + "
  • minor assaults
    • ", + "
  • motoring offences
    • ", + "
  • theft
    • ", + "
  • handling stolen goods
    • ", + "
  • TV licence evasion
    • ", + "

    Magistrates can give punishments such as:

    ", + "
  • fines
    • ", + "
  • unpaid work in the community
    • ", + "
  • prison for up to 6 months (or up to 12 months for more than 1 crime)
    • ", + "

    Family cases

    ", + "

    Magistrates can also hear cases at a family court.

    ", + "

    These magistrates deal with cases about children. They can:

    ", + "
  • arrange for a child to be taken into care or put up for adoption
    • ", + "
  • help separated parents make arrangements for their children
    • ", + "
  • enforce child maintenance orders
    • ", + "
  • make court orders to prevent domestic abuse
    • ", + "

    These magistrates can get advice from the child\u2019s guardian or a family court adviser during the case.

    ", + "

    Who can be a magistrate

    ", + "

    You need to give up some of your spare time and not everyone can serve as a magistrate.

    ", + "

    Qualifications

    ", + "

    You do not need formal qualifications or legal training to become a magistrate.

    ", + "

    You will get full training for the role, and a legal adviser in court will help you with questions about the law.

    ", + "

    Age

    ", + "

    You have to be over 18 and under 65.

    ", + "

    Magistrates must retire at 70 and are normally expected to serve for at least 5 years.

    ", + "

    Health

    ", + "

    You need to be able to hear clearly, with or without a hearing aid, to listen to a case.

    ", + "

    You also need to be able to sit and concentrate for long periods of time.

    ", + "

    Personal qualities

    ", + "

    You need to show you\u2019ve got the right personal qualities, for example that you are:

    ", + "
  • aware of social issues
    • ", + "
  • mature, understand people and have a sense of fairness
    • ", + "
  • reliable and committed to serving the community
    • ", + "

    You also need to be able to:

    ", + "
  • understand documents, follow evidence and communicate effectively
    • ", + "
  • think logically, weigh up arguments and reach a fair decision
    • ", + "

    Good character

    ", + "

    It\u2019s unlikely you\u2019ll be taken on if you have been:

    ", + "
  • found guilty of a serious crime
    • ", + "
  • found guilty of a number of minor offences
    • ", + "
  • banned from driving in the past 5 to 10 years
    • ", + "
  • declared bankrupt
    • ", + "

    Conflicts of interest

    ", + "

    You cannot be a magistrate if you work in one of a small number of jobs where there could be a conflict of interest - for instance if you are a police officer.

    ", + "

    Time off for magistrate duties

    ", + "

    You will need to be in court for at least 13 days a year, which are usually full days.

    ", + "

    Discuss with your employer how you will balance your work and magistrate duties.

    ", + "

    Your employer must, by law, allow you reasonable time off work to serve as a magistrate.

    ", + "

    You will get your rota well in advance, so you can give your employer plenty of notice of when you\u2019ll be in court.

    ", + "

    Pay and allowances

    ", + "

    Magistrates are not paid, but many employers allow their employees time off with pay.

    ", + "

    If you lose out on pay, you can claim an allowance at a set rate, as well as allowances for travel and subsistence.

    ", + "

    Find out more about magistrates\u2019 allowances.

    ", + "

    Training to be a magistrate

    ", + "

    You will need training to be a magistrate.

    ", + "

    The training when you start will add up to about 21 hours, or 3 and a half days, as well as some meetings.

    ", + "

    The training could take place over:

    ", + "
  • a long weekend
    • ", + "
  • weekdays
    • ", + "
  • short evening sessions over several weeks
    • ", + "

    Apply to be a magistrate

    ", + "

    Visit your local court

    ", + "

    You should visit your local court at least once, and a few times if you can, to check the role is right for you.

    ", + "

    As family cases are heard in private, you will not be able to visit a family court before you apply.

    ", + "

    Use the court finder to find your nearest court.

    ", + "

    The court can let you know when it\u2019s best to visit and which courtrooms to go and see.

    ", + "

    If you are invited to an interview, you will be asked to talk about your visits.

    ", + "

    Find out where to apply

    ", + "

    You need to apply to the advisory committee for your local court.

    ", + "

    Check the list of advisory committees to find out if there are any vacancies in your area, and where you need to apply.

    ", + "

    Application form

    ", + "

    You can download the application form and guidance notes and email or post it to the advisory committee for your area.

    ", + "

    Recruitment queries

    ", + "

    Contact your local advisory committee if you have a question about applying to become a magistrate.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the Magistrates HR Team.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/claim-gift-aid": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-gift-aid", + "title": "Claiming Gift Aid as a charity or CASC", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can claim back 25p every time an individual donates \u00a31 to your charity or community amateur sports club (CASC). This is called Gift Aid.\n\nYou must be recognised as a charity or CASC for tax purposes.\n\nThere are rules on which donations you can claim Gift Aid on.\n\nYou can claim Gift Aid online - you should get your payment within 5 weeks.\n\n## What the donor needs to do\n\nThe donor must:\n\n- have paid at least as much in Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax in that tax year as you want to claim in Gift Aid\n\n- make a Gift Aid declaration that gives you permission to claim it\n\nIf the donor has not made a declaration you may still be able to claim on cash donations of \u00a330 or less, for example from a collection.\n\n## What you can claim it on\n\nYou can claim Gift Aid on donations from individuals. The donor must:\n\n- have paid the same amount or more in Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax in that tax year\n\n- make a Gift Aid declaration that gives you permission to claim it\n\nYou must be recognised as a charity or community amateur sports club (CASC) to claim Gift Aid.\n\n## Special rules for claiming Gift Aid\n\nThere are special rules for:\n\n- funds from sponsored challenges for example overseas treks or marathons\n\n- charity membership fees\n\n- church collections\n\n- selling goods on behalf of individuals, for example through a charity shop\n\n- charity events or to view charity property\n\n- charity auctions\n\n- volunteer expenses donated back to your charity or CASC\n\n- funds raised through charities involved in running schools\n\n## What you cannot claim it on\n\nYou cannot claim on donations:\n\n- from limited companies\n\n- made through Payroll Giving\n\n- that are a payment for goods or services or made because your charity or CASC bought goods and services\n\n- where the donor gets a \u2018benefit\u2019 over a certain limit\n\n- of shares\n\n- from charity cards or of vouchers, for example Charities Aid Foundation (CAF) vouchers\n\n- of membership fees to CASCs\n\n- you got before you were a recognised charity or CASC\n\n## Gift Aid declarations\n\nTo claim Gift Aid you need to get a Gift Aid declaration from the donor. It should state that the donor:\n\n- has paid the same amount or more in Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax in that tax year\n\n- agrees to Gift Aid being claimed\n\nYou must keep a record of declarations for 6 years after the most recent donation you claimed Gift Aid on.\n\n## Gift Aid declaration forms\n\nThe declaration must include a description of the gift and the:\n\n- name of your charity or community amateur sports club (CASC)\n\n- donor\u2019s full name\n\n- donor\u2019s home address (at least their house number or name and postcode)\n\n## Example declarations\n\nDownload example Gift Aid declaration forms for:\n\n- one-off donations\n\n- all donations\n\n- sponsored events\n\n## Cash donations\n\nYou can put a Gift Aid declaration on your charity\u2019s collection envelopes.\n\nYou may still be able to claim on cash donations of \u00a330 or less if you do not have a declaration.\n\n## Small donations scheme\n\nYou may be able to claim 25% on:\n\n- cash donations of \u00a330 or less\n\n- contactless card donations of \u00a330 or less collected on or after 6 April 2019\n\nThis is called the Gift Aid small donations scheme (GASDS). You do not need a Gift Aid declaration to claim.\n\nFrom 6 April 2016, you can claim up to \u00a32,000 in a tax year or \u00a31,250 for earlier years.\n\n## Who can claim\n\nYour charity or CASC must have claimed Gift Aid:\n\n- in the same tax year as you want to claim GASDS\n\n- without getting a penalty in the last 2 tax years\n\n- in at least 2 of the last 4 tax years (without a 2-year gap between claims) if you\u2019re claiming on donations made before 6 April 2017\n\n## What you can claim\n\nYour GASDS claim cannot be more than 10 times your Gift Aid claim. For example, you can claim on \u00a31,000 worth of donations through GASDS if you\u2019ve received \u00a3100 of Gift Aid donations in the same tax year.\n\nYou can claim on donations that are eligible for Gift Aid, but not membership fees.\n\n## Collections in community buildings\n\nIf your charity has a community building (for example a village hall or religious building) you might be able to claim more on donations collected either:\n\n- in your community building\n\n- in the same council area as your community building, if you collected the donations on or after 6 April 2017\n\nFor somewhere to count as your community building, you need to have hosted at least 6 charity events there. The events must have all been attended by at least 10 people.\n\n## If your organisation is connected to another charity or CASC\n\nIf one of the charities has a community building, all of the connected charities can either:\n\n- claim as if they had a community building\n\n- share a single \u00a38,000 limit - all the charities will need to write to HMRC to do this\n\nIf none of the charities have a community building, or you\u2019re claiming for donations made before 6 April 2017, the connected charities must share a single \u00a38,000 limit.\n\nIf your charity has merged with another charity or CASC you may be able to take on the other charity\u2019s record of good claims.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou need to record the:\n\n- total cash donations collected\n\n- date of the collection\n\n- date it was paid into a bank account\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep records of any contactless card donations that you\u2019ve taken, for example receipts from your card machine.\n\nFor collections in community buildings you\u2019ll also need to record:\n\n- the address of the place you collected the donations (including postcode)\n\n- the type of event\n\n- the number of events you held\n\n- an estimate of how many people were at the event\n\n- when you collected the donations\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim under GASDS in the same way as Gift Aid.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim Gift Aid using Charities Online with:\n\n- eligible software, like a database\n\n- a spreadsheet of your donations\n\nFor claims of over 1,000 donations you must use software.\n\nTo apply by post use form ChR1, which you can get from the charities helpline.\n\n## When you must claim\n\nYour deadline to claim Gift Aid depends on how your charity is set up.\n\nYou need to claim for a donation within 4 years of the end of the financial period you received it in. This is:\n\n- the tax year (6 April to 5 April) if you\u2019re a trust\n\n- your accounting period if your charity is a community amateur sports club (CASC), a Charity Incorporated Organisation (CIO) or a limited company\n\nYou must claim on cash donations under the Gift Aid Small Donations Scheme within 2 years of the end of the tax year that the donations were collected in.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou need to keep records of these donations for a further two years.\n\n## When you\u2019ll get paid\n\nYou\u2019ll get a Gift Aid payment by BACS within:\n\n- 4 weeks if you claimed online\n\n- 5 weeks if you claimed by post using form ChR1\n\nContact the charities helpline if your repayment is wrong or if you submitted an incorrect claim.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can claim back 25p every time an individual donates \u00a31 to your charity or community amateur sports club (CASC). This is called Gift Aid.

    ", + "

    You must be recognised as a charity or CASC for tax purposes.

    ", + "

    There are rules on which donations you can claim Gift Aid on.

    ", + "

    You can claim Gift Aid online - you should get your payment within 5 weeks.

    ", + "

    What the donor needs to do

    ", + "

    The donor must:

    ", + "
  • have paid at least as much in Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax in that tax year as you want to claim in Gift Aid
    • ", + "
  • make a Gift Aid declaration that gives you permission to claim it
    • ", + "

    If the donor has not made a declaration you may still be able to claim on cash donations of \u00a330 or less, for example from a collection.

    ", + "

    What you can claim it on

    ", + "

    You can claim Gift Aid on donations from individuals. The donor must:

    ", + "
  • have paid the same amount or more in Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax in that tax year
    • ", + "
  • make a Gift Aid declaration that gives you permission to claim it
    • ", + "

    You must be recognised as a charity or community amateur sports club (CASC) to claim Gift Aid.

    ", + "

    Special rules for claiming Gift Aid

    ", + "

    There are special rules for:

    ", + "
  • funds from sponsored challenges for example overseas treks or marathons
    • ", + "
  • charity membership fees
    • ", + "
  • church collections
    • ", + "
  • selling goods on behalf of individuals, for example through a charity shop
    • ", + "
  • charity events or to view charity property
    • ", + "
  • charity auctions
    • ", + "
  • volunteer expenses donated back to your charity or CASC
    • ", + "
  • funds raised through charities involved in running schools
    • ", + "

    What you cannot claim it on

    ", + "

    You cannot claim on donations:

    ", + "
  • from limited companies
    • ", + "
  • made through Payroll Giving
    • ", + "
  • that are a payment for goods or services or made because your charity or CASC bought goods and services
    • ", + "
  • where the donor gets a \u2018benefit\u2019 over a certain limit
    • ", + "
  • of shares
    • ", + "
  • from charity cards or of vouchers, for example Charities Aid Foundation (CAF) vouchers
    • ", + "
  • of membership fees to CASCs
    • ", + "
  • you got before you were a recognised charity or CASC
    • ", + "

    Gift Aid declarations

    ", + "

    To claim Gift Aid you need to get a Gift Aid declaration from the donor. It should state that the donor:

    ", + "
  • has paid the same amount or more in Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax in that tax year
    • ", + "
  • agrees to Gift Aid being claimed
    • ", + "

    You must keep a record of declarations for 6 years after the most recent donation you claimed Gift Aid on.

    ", + "

    Gift Aid declaration forms

    ", + "

    The declaration must include a description of the gift and the:

    ", + "
  • name of your charity or community amateur sports club (CASC)
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s full name
    • ", + "
  • donor\u2019s home address (at least their house number or name and postcode)
    • ", + "

    Example declarations

    ", + "

    Download example Gift Aid declaration forms for:

    ", + "
  • one-off donations
    • ", + "
  • all donations
    • ", + "
  • sponsored events
    • ", + "

    Cash donations

    ", + "

    You can put a Gift Aid declaration on your charity\u2019s collection envelopes.

    ", + "

    You may still be able to claim on cash donations of \u00a330 or less if you do not have a declaration.

    ", + "

    Small donations scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim 25% on:

    ", + "
  • cash donations of \u00a330 or less
    • ", + "
  • contactless card donations of \u00a330 or less collected on or after 6 April 2019
    • ", + "

    This is called the Gift Aid small donations scheme (GASDS). You do not need a Gift Aid declaration to claim.

    ", + "

    From 6 April 2016, you can claim up to \u00a32,000 in a tax year or \u00a31,250 for earlier years.

    ", + "

    Who can claim

    ", + "

    Your charity or CASC must have claimed Gift Aid:

    ", + "
  • in the same tax year as you want to claim GASDS
    • ", + "
  • without getting a penalty in the last 2 tax years
    • ", + "
  • in at least 2 of the last 4 tax years (without a 2-year gap between claims) if you\u2019re claiming on donations made before 6 April 2017
    • ", + "

    What you can claim

    ", + "

    Your GASDS claim cannot be more than 10 times your Gift Aid claim. For example, you can claim on \u00a31,000 worth of donations through GASDS if you\u2019ve received \u00a3100 of Gift Aid donations in the same tax year.

    ", + "

    You can claim on donations that are eligible for Gift Aid, but not membership fees.

    ", + "

    Collections in community buildings

    ", + "

    If your charity has a community building (for example a village hall or religious building) you might be able to claim more on donations collected either:

    ", + "
  • in your community building
    • ", + "
  • in the same council area as your community building, if you collected the donations on or after 6 April 2017
    • ", + "

    For somewhere to count as your community building, you need to have hosted at least 6 charity events there. The events must have all been attended by at least 10 people.

    ", + "

    If your organisation is connected to another charity or CASC

    ", + "

    If one of the charities has a community building, all of the connected charities can either:

    ", + "
  • claim as if they had a community building
    • ", + "
  • share a single \u00a38,000 limit - all the charities will need to write to HMRC to do this
    • ", + "

    If none of the charities have a community building, or you\u2019re claiming for donations made before 6 April 2017, the connected charities must share a single \u00a38,000 limit.

    ", + "

    If your charity has merged with another charity or CASC you may be able to take on the other charity\u2019s record of good claims.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    You need to record the:

    ", + "
  • total cash donations collected
    • ", + "
  • date of the collection
    • ", + "
  • date it was paid into a bank account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep records of any contactless card donations that you\u2019ve taken, for example receipts from your card machine.

    ", + "

    For collections in community buildings you\u2019ll also need to record:

    ", + "
  • the address of the place you collected the donations (including postcode)
    • ", + "
  • the type of event
    • ", + "
  • the number of events you held
    • ", + "
  • an estimate of how many people were at the event
    • ", + "
  • when you collected the donations
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Claim under GASDS in the same way as Gift Aid.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim Gift Aid using Charities Online with:

    ", + "
  • eligible software, like a database
    • ", + "
  • a spreadsheet of your donations
    • ", + "

    For claims of over 1,000 donations you must use software.

    ", + "

    To apply by post use form ChR1, which you can get from the charities helpline.

    ", + "

    When you must claim

    ", + "

    Your deadline to claim Gift Aid depends on how your charity is set up.

    ", + "

    You need to claim for a donation within 4 years of the end of the financial period you received it in. This is:

    ", + "
  • the tax year (6 April to 5 April) if you\u2019re a trust
    • ", + "
  • your accounting period if your charity is a community amateur sports club (CASC), a Charity Incorporated Organisation (CIO) or a limited company
    • ", + "

    You must claim on cash donations under the Gift Aid Small Donations Scheme within 2 years of the end of the tax year that the donations were collected in.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    You need to keep records of these donations for a further two years.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll get paid

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a Gift Aid payment by BACS within:

    ", + "
  • 4 weeks if you claimed online
    • ", + "
  • 5 weeks if you claimed by post using form ChR1
    • ", + "

    Contact the charities helpline if your repayment is wrong or if you submitted an incorrect claim.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/honours": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/honours", + "title": "Nominate someone for an honour or award", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe honours system recognises people who have:\n\n- made achievements in public life\n\n- committed themselves to serving and helping Britain\n\nThey\u2019ll usually have made life better for other people or be outstanding at what they do.\n\nThey must still be actively involved in what you\u2019re nominating them for. The only honours which can be awarded after someone\u2019s death are gallantry awards.\n\nWhether someone gets an honour - and the honour they get - is decided by an honours committee. The committee\u2019s recommendations go to the Prime Minister and then to the Queen, who awards the honour.\n\n## Nominating someone for an honour\n\nAnyone can nominate someone for an honour.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you want to:\n\n- nominate someone in the UK\n\n- nominate someone for their work in responding to coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\n- nominate someone overseas\n\n- nominate someone for a gallantry award\n\n## After you nominate someone for an honour\n\nYou\u2019ll get an acknowledgment - but you may not hear anything else for 12 to 18 months.\n\nAll nominees will be checked by various government departments to make sure they\u2019re suitable for an honour. This may include checks by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nThe honours committee reviews those nominations that are sent to it.\n\n## What people get honours for\n\nPeople get honours for achievements like:\n\n- making a difference to their community or field of work\n\n- enhancing Britain\u2019s reputation\n\n- long-term voluntary service\n\n- innovation and entrepreneurship\n\n- changing things, with an emphasis on achievement\n\n- improving life for people less able to help themselves\n\n- displaying moral courage\n\nHonours are given to people involved in fields including:\n\n- community, voluntary and local services\n\n- arts and media\n\n- health\n\n- sport\n\n- education\n\n- science and technology\n\n- business and the economy\n\n- civil or political service\n\n## Group nominations\n\nYou can only nominate individuals for honours.\n\nYou can nominate a volunteer group for the Queen\u2019s Award for Voluntary Service.\n\n## Nominate someone who lives in the UK\n\nYou can nominate someone for an honour online.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for coronavirus (COVID-19) nominations and gallantry awards.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to write a detailed description explaining why you\u2019re nominating them. Read the guidance on how to write a nomination.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need:\n\n- your nominee\u2019s name, age, address and contact details\n\n- details of relevant work or volunteering they\u2019ve done\n\n- details of any awards or other recognition they\u2019ve received\n\n- 2 supporting letters to back up your nomination - these should be from people who know the nominee personally\n\nYou can include any evidence you have of recognition your nominee has received for their achievements, for example articles, photos or letters.\n\nYou can save your nomination and come back to it later.\n\nMake a nomination\n\n## Make a nomination by email\n\nDownload and fill in the honours nomination form and email it to the Honours and Appointments Secretariat.\n\nYou can also ask the unit questions about the nomination process.\n\n## Nominate someone for coronavirus-related work\n\nYou can nominate someone who has made an exceptional contribution to the response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis in the UK.\n\nAnyone can make a nomination and there is no deadline. Nominations will be considered by an independent honours committee.\n\n## How to make a nomination\n\nDownload and fill in the honours nomination form and email it to the Honours and Appointments Secretariat.\n\n## What you need to include\n\nYou should try to include:\n\n- the nominee\u2019s name\n\n- any contact details\n\n- their role\n\n- a summary of the impact the person has made\n\nYou can add additional documents, for example letters of support, as attachments to your email.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll get an acknowledgment. Nominations will be processed as quickly as possible.\n\n## Nominate someone who lives or works abroad\n\nYou can nominate someone for an honour if they live or work abroad and they\u2019ve made achievements in either:\n\n- the UK and their achievement has a significant international element\n\n- another country\n\nThey\u2019ll be given an \u2018honorary award\u2019 if they\u2019re not:\n\n- British\n\n- a national of a country where the Queen is Head of State\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for gallantry awards.\n\nDownload and fill in the nomination form and send it to the Royal, Ceremonial and Honours Unit, part of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO).\n\nYou can also ask the unit questions about the nomination process.\n\n## Recommend someone for a gallantry award\n\nCivilian gallantry awards recognise the bravery of people who\u2019ve put themselves in danger to save (or attempt to save) someone\u2019s life. Recommendations are judged on:\n\n- degree of risk\n\n- how aware the nominee was of the danger\n\n- persistence\n\nThe incident must have taken place in the last 5 years. You can recommend someone after they\u2019ve died \u2013\u00a0they\u2019ll get a posthumous award. They do not have to be British (except for the George Cross award).\n\n## Types of gallantry awards\n\nYou can recommend someone for the:\n\n- George Cross (a first-level civilian medal for bravery, for acts of great heroism and courage in extreme danger)\n\n- George Medal (a second-level civilian medal for bravery, for acts of great bravery)\n\n- Queen\u2019s Gallantry Medal (a third-level civilian medal for bravery, for inspiring acts of bravery)\n\n- Queen\u2019s Commendation for Bravery/Bravery in the Air (a fourth-level civilian medal for bravery, for acts which involve risk to life)\n\n## How to recommend someone for a gallantry award\n\nEmail the Honours and Appointments Secretariat.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to write a detailed description explaining why you\u2019re recommending them. Include the person\u2019s:\n\n- name\n\n- date of birth\n\n- address\n\nGive as many details as possible about what happened. This will make your application more likely to be considered. Include:\n\n- location\n\n- date\n\n- any emergency or official services that were there\n\n## After you recommend someone for a gallantry award\n\nAll recommendations will be assessed by the George Cross Committee, which makes recommendations to the Queen, who awards the honour.\n\n## Types of honours and awards\n\nYou cannot nominate someone for a specific honour - that\u2019s decided by the honours committee.\n\nThere are also awards for bravery, called gallantry awards.\n\n## Companion of Honour\n\nThis is awarded for having a major contribution to the arts, science, medicine, or government lasting over a long period of time.\n\n## Knight or Dame\n\nThis is awarded for having a major contribution in any activity, usually at national level. Other people working in the nominee\u2019s area will see their contribution as inspirational and significant, requiring commitment over a long period of time.\n\n## Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE)\n\nThis is awarded for having a prominent but lesser role at national level, or a leading role at regional level. You can also get one for a distinguished, innovative contribution to any area.\n\n## Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE)\n\nThis is awarded for having a major local role in any activity, including people whose work has made them known nationally in their chosen area.\n\n## Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE)\n\nAwarded for an outstanding achievement or service to the community. This will have had a long-term, significant impact and stand out as an example to others.\n\n## British Empire Medal (BEM)\n\nAwarded for a \u2018hands-on\u2019 service to the local community. This could be a long-term charitable or voluntary activity, or innovative work of a relatively short duration (3 to 4 years) that has made a significant difference.\n\n## Royal Victorian Order (RVO)\n\nAn award given by the Queen - usually to people who have helped her personally, like members of the Royal household staff or British ambassadors.\n\n## The orders\n\nThe committee decides which order someone should be a member of. You do not have to specify this in your nomination.\n\n| Order | Who can be nominated |\n\n| Order of the Bath | Senior civil servants and military officers |\n\n| Order of St Michael and St George | Diplomats and people serving the UK abroad |\n\n| Order of the British Empire | Anyone |\n\n| Companion of Honour (award) | Anyone |\n\n| Royal Victorian Order | People who have served the Queen or the Monarchy in a personal way |\n\nMost awards are in the Order of the British Empire.\n\n## Honours lists\n\nThe lists of who\u2019s received honours are published at New Year and on the Queen\u2019s official birthday in June.\n\n## 2021 New Year honours\n\nRead a full listing of the 2021 New Year honours.\n\n## 2021 Queen\u2019s Birthday honours\n\nRead a full listing of the 2021 Queen\u2019s Birthday honours.\n\n## Previous honours lists\n\nRead previous honours lists and reports on the honours system.\n\n## Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office Honorary Awards\n\nYou can read a list of Honorary Awards approved by Her Majesty the Queen in 2021.\n\n## Civilian gallantry awards\n\nYou can read the civilian gallantry list approved by Her Majesty the Queen in 2021.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The honours system recognises people who have:

    ", + "
  • made achievements in public life
    • ", + "
  • committed themselves to serving and helping Britain
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll usually have made life better for other people or be outstanding at what they do.

    ", + "

    They must still be actively involved in what you\u2019re nominating them for. The only honours which can be awarded after someone\u2019s death are gallantry awards.

    ", + "

    Whether someone gets an honour - and the honour they get - is decided by an honours committee. The committee\u2019s recommendations go to the Prime Minister and then to the Queen, who awards the honour.

    ", + "

    Nominating someone for an honour

    ", + "

    Anyone can nominate someone for an honour.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you want to:

    ", + "
  • nominate someone in the UK
    • ", + "
  • nominate someone for their work in responding to coronavirus (COVID-19)
    • ", + "
  • nominate someone overseas
    • ", + "
  • nominate someone for a gallantry award
    • ", + "

    After you nominate someone for an honour

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an acknowledgment - but you may not hear anything else for 12 to 18 months.

    ", + "

    All nominees will be checked by various government departments to make sure they\u2019re suitable for an honour. This may include checks by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    The honours committee reviews those nominations that are sent to it.

    ", + "

    What people get honours for

    ", + "

    People get honours for achievements like:

    ", + "
  • making a difference to their community or field of work
    • ", + "
  • enhancing Britain\u2019s reputation
    • ", + "
  • long-term voluntary service
    • ", + "
  • innovation and entrepreneurship
    • ", + "
  • changing things, with an emphasis on achievement
    • ", + "
  • improving life for people less able to help themselves
    • ", + "
  • displaying moral courage
    • ", + "

    Honours are given to people involved in fields including:

    ", + "
  • community, voluntary and local services
    • ", + "
  • arts and media
    • ", + "
  • health
    • ", + "
  • sport
    • ", + "
  • education
    • ", + "
  • science and technology
    • ", + "
  • business and the economy
    • ", + "
  • civil or political service
    • ", + "

    Group nominations

    ", + "

    You can only nominate individuals for honours.

    ", + "

    You can nominate a volunteer group for the Queen\u2019s Award for Voluntary Service.

    ", + "

    Nominate someone who lives in the UK

    ", + "

    You can nominate someone for an honour online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for coronavirus (COVID-19) nominations and gallantry awards.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to write a detailed description explaining why you\u2019re nominating them. Read the guidance on how to write a nomination.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need:

    ", + "
  • your nominee\u2019s name, age, address and contact details
    • ", + "
  • details of relevant work or volunteering they\u2019ve done
    • ", + "
  • details of any awards or other recognition they\u2019ve received
    • ", + "
  • 2 supporting letters to back up your nomination - these should be from people who know the nominee personally
    • ", + "

    You can include any evidence you have of recognition your nominee has received for their achievements, for example articles, photos or letters.

    ", + "

    You can save your nomination and come back to it later.

    ", + "

    Make a nomination

    ", + "

    Make a nomination by email

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the honours nomination form and email it to the Honours and Appointments Secretariat.

    ", + "

    You can also ask the unit questions about the nomination process.

    ", + "

    Nominate someone for coronavirus-related work

    ", + "

    You can nominate someone who has made an exceptional contribution to the response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) crisis in the UK.

    ", + "

    Anyone can make a nomination and there is no deadline. Nominations will be considered by an independent honours committee.

    ", + "

    How to make a nomination

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the honours nomination form and email it to the Honours and Appointments Secretariat.

    ", + "

    What you need to include

    ", + "

    You should try to include:

    ", + "
  • the nominee\u2019s name
    • ", + "
  • any contact details
    • ", + "
  • their role
    • ", + "
  • a summary of the impact the person has made
    • ", + "

    You can add additional documents, for example letters of support, as attachments to your email.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an acknowledgment. Nominations will be processed as quickly as possible.

    ", + "

    Nominate someone who lives or works abroad

    ", + "

    You can nominate someone for an honour if they live or work abroad and they\u2019ve made achievements in either:

    ", + "
  • the UK and their achievement has a significant international element
    • ", + "
  • another country
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be given an \u2018honorary award\u2019 if they\u2019re not:

    ", + "
  • British
    • ", + "
  • a national of a country where the Queen is Head of State
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for gallantry awards.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the nomination form and send it to the Royal, Ceremonial and Honours Unit, part of the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO).

    ", + "

    You can also ask the unit questions about the nomination process.

    ", + "

    Recommend someone for a gallantry award

    ", + "

    Civilian gallantry awards recognise the bravery of people who\u2019ve put themselves in danger to save (or attempt to save) someone\u2019s life. Recommendations are judged on:

    ", + "
  • degree of risk
    • ", + "
  • how aware the nominee was of the danger
    • ", + "
  • persistence
    • ", + "

    The incident must have taken place in the last 5 years. You can recommend someone after they\u2019ve died \u2013\u00a0they\u2019ll get a posthumous award. They do not have to be British (except for the George Cross award).

    ", + "

    Types of gallantry awards

    ", + "

    You can recommend someone for the:

    ", + "
  • George Cross (a first-level civilian medal for bravery, for acts of great heroism and courage in extreme danger)
    • ", + "
  • George Medal (a second-level civilian medal for bravery, for acts of great bravery)
    • ", + "
  • Queen\u2019s Gallantry Medal (a third-level civilian medal for bravery, for inspiring acts of bravery)
    • ", + "
  • Queen\u2019s Commendation for Bravery/Bravery in the Air (a fourth-level civilian medal for bravery, for acts which involve risk to life)
    • ", + "

    How to recommend someone for a gallantry award

    ", + "

    Email the Honours and Appointments Secretariat.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to write a detailed description explaining why you\u2019re recommending them. Include the person\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "

    Give as many details as possible about what happened. This will make your application more likely to be considered. Include:

    ", + "
  • location
    • ", + "
  • date
    • ", + "
  • any emergency or official services that were there
    • ", + "

    After you recommend someone for a gallantry award

    ", + "

    All recommendations will be assessed by the George Cross Committee, which makes recommendations to the Queen, who awards the honour.

    ", + "

    Types of honours and awards

    ", + "

    You cannot nominate someone for a specific honour - that\u2019s decided by the honours committee.

    ", + "

    There are also awards for bravery, called gallantry awards.

    ", + "

    Companion of Honour

    ", + "

    This is awarded for having a major contribution to the arts, science, medicine, or government lasting over a long period of time.

    ", + "

    Knight or Dame

    ", + "

    This is awarded for having a major contribution in any activity, usually at national level. Other people working in the nominee\u2019s area will see their contribution as inspirational and significant, requiring commitment over a long period of time.

    ", + "

    Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE)

    ", + "

    This is awarded for having a prominent but lesser role at national level, or a leading role at regional level. You can also get one for a distinguished, innovative contribution to any area.

    ", + "

    Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE)

    ", + "

    This is awarded for having a major local role in any activity, including people whose work has made them known nationally in their chosen area.

    ", + "

    Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE)

    ", + "

    Awarded for an outstanding achievement or service to the community. This will have had a long-term, significant impact and stand out as an example to others.

    ", + "

    British Empire Medal (BEM)

    ", + "

    Awarded for a \u2018hands-on\u2019 service to the local community. This could be a long-term charitable or voluntary activity, or innovative work of a relatively short duration (3 to 4 years) that has made a significant difference.

    ", + "

    Royal Victorian Order (RVO)

    ", + "

    An award given by the Queen - usually to people who have helped her personally, like members of the Royal household staff or British ambassadors.

    ", + "

    The orders

    ", + "

    The committee decides which order someone should be a member of. You do not have to specify this in your nomination.

    ", + "Order | Who can be nominated", + "Order of the Bath | Senior civil servants and military officers", + "Order of St Michael and St George | Diplomats and people serving the UK abroad", + "Order of the British Empire | Anyone", + "Companion of Honour (award) | Anyone", + "Royal Victorian Order | People who have served the Queen or the Monarchy in a personal way", + "

    Most awards are in the Order of the British Empire.

    ", + "

    Honours lists

    ", + "

    The lists of who\u2019s received honours are published at New Year and on the Queen\u2019s official birthday in June.

    ", + "

    2021 New Year honours

    ", + "

    Read a full listing of the 2021 New Year honours.

    ", + "

    2021 Queen\u2019s Birthday honours

    ", + "

    Read a full listing of the 2021 Queen\u2019s Birthday honours.

    ", + "

    Previous honours lists

    ", + "

    Read previous honours lists and reports on the honours system.

    ", + "

    Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office Honorary Awards

    ", + "

    You can read a list of Honorary Awards approved by Her Majesty the Queen in 2021.

    ", + "

    Civilian gallantry awards

    ", + "

    You can read the civilian gallantry list approved by Her Majesty the Queen in 2021.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-community-amateur-sports-club": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-community-amateur-sports-club", + "title": "Register as a community amateur sports club (CASC)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf your sports club is eligible, you can become a community amateur sports club (CASC). You\u2019ll get:\n\n- tax relief on income, gains and profits from some activities\n\n- Gift Aid repayments on donations\n\n- business rates relief\n\nTo benefit you must register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou can claim relief on money you use to promote and provide facilities for eligible sports. These are known as \u2018qualifying purposes\u2019.\n\nYou can\u2019t remove a CASC from the register (\u2018deregistration\u2019) though you can close it if the club\u2019s members vote and agree.\n\n## CASCs and charities\n\nYou must choose whether to register as a CASC or a charity. A registered CASC can\u2019t be recognised as a charity for tax purposes.\n\nCASCs aren\u2019t regulated by the Charity Commission.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo register as a CASC you must provide facilities for eligible sports and encourage people to take part. Under the new rules from 1 April 2015, at least 50% of members must take part.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be set up with a formal constitution, known as a governing document\n\n- be open to the whole community and have affordable membership fees\n\n- be organised on an amateur basis\n\n- be set up and provide facilities in the UK, the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Norway (but in one country only)\n\n- be managed by \u2018fit and proper persons\u2019\n\n## Governing document\n\nThis is the document that sets out the purpose and structure of your club. It may also be called a \u2018memorandum and articles of association\u2019.\n\nIt must:\n\n- set out how you meet the eligibility criteria for registering as a CASC\n\n- state that any assets left after the club closes are only used by another registered CASC, charity or related community sport\n\n## Open to the whole community\n\nCASCs must be open to people of all ethnicities, nationalities, sexual orientations, religions or beliefs, sexes, ages and ability - except when a certain level of physical ability is needed to take part in a sport.\n\n## Membership fees\n\nCASCs can\u2019t charge more than \u00a331 a week for membership, and clubs that charge more than \u00a310 a week must provide help (eg a discount) for people who can\u2019t pay.\n\nYou can charge different fees for different types of members, like juniors or students, as long as you\u2019re not discriminating against groups or individuals.\n\n## Organised on an amateur basis\n\nCASCs must:\n\n- not make a profit, unless this is reinvested in the club and spent only on promoting participation and providing facilities for eligible sports\n\n- not pay more than \u00a310,000 in total to all players in a year (before 1 April 2015 CASCs couldn\u2019t pay players at all)\n\n- provide only the benefits normally associated with an amateur sports club, eg use of equipment, coaching, post-match refreshments\n\n- only pay expenses for matches and tours where players take part in and promote the club\u2019s sport (before 1 April 2015 clubs couldn\u2019t pay any expenses)\n\n## Register\n\nRegister as a community amateur sports club (CASC) by filling in form CASC (A1) if your CASC is eligible.\n\nYou can\u2019t withdraw an application once it\u2019s been made.\n\n## What you need to complete the form\n\nYou must be the club\u2019s \u2018authorised official\u2019 or \u2018responsible person\u2019 to fill in the form. You\u2019ll also need:\n\n- details of at least 2 other officials, including National Insurance and telephone numbers\n\n- the name and address of the club\n\n- a correspondence address, if that\u2019s different\n\n- the number of members or subscriptions\n\n- company or VAT references, if applicable\n\n- details of a nominee or agent, if the club has one\n\n- the club\u2019s bank details\n\n- details of the club\u2019s income\n\nWithin 30 days of applying, you must send copies of the club\u2019s:\n\n- accounts from the last 12 months\n\n- bank statements from the last 3 months\n\n- rules or articles of association\n\nYou must include a translation of any documents not in English.\n\nSend them to the address on the form.\n\n## How long the application takes\n\nYou should get a response within 3 weeks.\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nHMRC will explain the reasons and what you need to change.\n\nYou can appeal in writing to HMRC within 30 days of their decision if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\nIf you\u2019re not satisfied with the outcome you have a further 30 days to appeal to the tax tribunal.\n\n## Help with registering\n\nYou can get more help and information from HMRC\u2019s charities helpline.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If your sports club is eligible, you can become a community amateur sports club (CASC). You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • tax relief on income, gains and profits from some activities
    • ", + "
  • Gift Aid repayments on donations
    • ", + "
  • business rates relief
    • ", + "

    To benefit you must register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You can claim relief on money you use to promote and provide facilities for eligible sports. These are known as \u2018qualifying purposes\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t remove a CASC from the register (\u2018deregistration\u2019) though you can close it if the club\u2019s members vote and agree.

    ", + "

    CASCs and charities

    ", + "

    You must choose whether to register as a CASC or a charity. A registered CASC can\u2019t be recognised as a charity for tax purposes.

    ", + "

    CASCs aren\u2019t regulated by the Charity Commission.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To register as a CASC you must provide facilities for eligible sports and encourage people to take part. Under the new rules from 1 April 2015, at least 50% of members must take part.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be set up with a formal constitution, known as a governing document
    • ", + "
  • be open to the whole community and have affordable membership fees
    • ", + "
  • be organised on an amateur basis
    • ", + "
  • be set up and provide facilities in the UK, the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Norway (but in one country only)
    • ", + "
  • be managed by \u2018fit and proper persons\u2019
    • ", + "

    Governing document

    ", + "

    This is the document that sets out the purpose and structure of your club. It may also be called a \u2018memorandum and articles of association\u2019.

    ", + "

    It must:

    ", + "
  • set out how you meet the eligibility criteria for registering as a CASC
    • ", + "
  • state that any assets left after the club closes are only used by another registered CASC, charity or related community sport
    • ", + "

    Open to the whole community

    ", + "

    CASCs must be open to people of all ethnicities, nationalities, sexual orientations, religions or beliefs, sexes, ages and ability - except when a certain level of physical ability is needed to take part in a sport.

    ", + "

    Membership fees

    ", + "

    CASCs can\u2019t charge more than \u00a331 a week for membership, and clubs that charge more than \u00a310 a week must provide help (eg a discount) for people who can\u2019t pay.

    ", + "

    You can charge different fees for different types of members, like juniors or students, as long as you\u2019re not discriminating against groups or individuals.

    ", + "

    Organised on an amateur basis

    ", + "

    CASCs must:

    ", + "
  • not make a profit, unless this is reinvested in the club and spent only on promoting participation and providing facilities for eligible sports
    • ", + "
  • not pay more than \u00a310,000 in total to all players in a year (before 1 April 2015 CASCs couldn\u2019t pay players at all)
    • ", + "
  • provide only the benefits normally associated with an amateur sports club, eg use of equipment, coaching, post-match refreshments
    • ", + "
  • only pay expenses for matches and tours where players take part in and promote the club\u2019s sport (before 1 April 2015 clubs couldn\u2019t pay any expenses)
    • ", + "

    Register

    ", + "

    Register as a community amateur sports club (CASC) by filling in form CASC (A1) if your CASC is eligible.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t withdraw an application once it\u2019s been made.

    ", + "

    What you need to complete the form

    ", + "

    You must be the club\u2019s \u2018authorised official\u2019 or \u2018responsible person\u2019 to fill in the form. You\u2019ll also need:

    ", + "
  • details of at least 2 other officials, including National Insurance and telephone numbers
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of the club
    • ", + "
  • a correspondence address, if that\u2019s different
    • ", + "
  • the number of members or subscriptions
    • ", + "
  • company or VAT references, if applicable
    • ", + "
  • details of a nominee or agent, if the club has one
    • ", + "
  • the club\u2019s bank details
    • ", + "
  • details of the club\u2019s income
    • ", + "

    Within 30 days of applying, you must send copies of the club\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • accounts from the last 12 months
    • ", + "
  • bank statements from the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • rules or articles of association
    • ", + "

    You must include a translation of any documents not in English.

    ", + "

    Send them to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    How long the application takes

    ", + "

    You should get a response within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    If your application is refused

    ", + "

    HMRC will explain the reasons and what you need to change.

    ", + "

    You can appeal in writing to HMRC within 30 days of their decision if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not satisfied with the outcome you have a further 30 days to appeal to the tax tribunal.

    ", + "

    Help with registering

    ", + "

    You can get more help and information from HMRC\u2019s charities helpline.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/running-community-amateur-sports-club": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/running-community-amateur-sports-club", + "title": "Running a community amateur sports club (CASC)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAs a community amateur sports club (CASC) you must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about:\n\n- any tax you need to pay\n\n- changes within your organisation\n\nThe rules for CASCs changed on 1 April 2015. Check whether you need to make changes to meet the new rules.\n\n## When you need to pay tax\n\nYou don\u2019t pay tax on some income as long as you:\n\n- are registered as a CASC with HMRC\n\n- use it to promote participation in and provide facilities for eligible sports\n\nYou may need to pay tax if:\n\n- your club uses money for other (non-qualifying) purposes\n\n- your trading or property rental income is more than the threshold for relief\n\n## Register for VAT\n\nYour CASC must register for VAT if your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.\n\nYou can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.\n\nTaxable turnover includes everything you sell that\u2019s not exempt from VAT. Income from sporting activities and fundraising events is exempt.\n\n## Changes to your CASC\n\nYou must report changes to your club\u2019s:\n\n- contact details\n\n- bank details\n\n- management\n\nYou can close a CASC but can\u2019t remove it from the register (this is called \u2018deregistration\u2019).\n\nIf you change the way you run your CASC you must still meet the rules on eligibility. If you don\u2019t, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can cancel your registration.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nYou can get help and advice on CASCs and charities from HMRC\u2019s charities helpline.\n\nAdvice and support is also available from cascinfo.co.uk.\n\n## Paying tax\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) need to pay Corporation Tax on any income or capital gains that don\u2019t qualify for tax relief.\n\nIf your CASC needs to pay tax you must:\n\n- file a Company Tax Return\n\n- include form CT600E if you\u2019re claiming relief on any income or gains\n\nIf you have no tax to pay you only need to complete a tax return if HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) asks you to.\n\nLimited companies must also send annual accounts to Companies House.\n\nYou may have to pay a fine if you don\u2019t complete a tax return when you need to or you file your tax return late.\n\n## Reporting changes\n\nUse form ChV1 to report changes to your community amateur sports club (CASC).\n\nAllow at least 30 days for HMRC to register your changes.\n\n## Changes you have to report\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about changes to your:\n\n- organisation\u2019s contact details\n\n- authorised officials or responsible persons\n\n- nominees\u2019 details, including their bank or building society account changes\n\n- bank or building society account details\n\nYou can also use the form to tell HMRC about any other changes, for example changes to your constitution.\n\nYou must report any changes that would affect your club\u2019s eligibility to be a CASC.\n\n## Closing or deregistering a CASC\n\nOnly HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can deregister your CASC.\n\nIf your club\u2019s members vote and agree to close your CASC, you must:\n\n- let HMRC know\n\n- follow the rules in your governing document\n\nHMRC will tell you if you have to complete a Company Tax Return.\n\n## Disposing of assets\n\nThere are rules about what you do with your assets (for example, land or money) when you close a CASC.\n\nAny remaining assets must only be used for:\n\n- related community sport (as decided by your sport\u2019s governing body)\n\n- another registered CASC\n\n- a charity\n\nYour CASC would otherwise have to pay Corporation Tax.\n\n## If your club is removed from the register\n\nHMRC can cancel your CASC registration by writing to the club secretary if it decides your club is no longer eligible. This can be backdated.\n\nIf HMRC deregisters your CASC you:\n\n- will no longer get tax exemptions as of the deregistration date\n\n- may have to pay Corporation Tax on any assets taken out of the club", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As a community amateur sports club (CASC) you must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about:

    ", + "
  • any tax you need to pay
    • ", + "
  • changes within your organisation
    • ", + "

    The rules for CASCs changed on 1 April 2015. Check whether you need to make changes to meet the new rules.

    ", + "

    When you need to pay tax

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t pay tax on some income as long as you:

    ", + "
  • are registered as a CASC with HMRC
    • ", + "
  • use it to promote participation in and provide facilities for eligible sports
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay tax if:

    ", + "
  • your club uses money for other (non-qualifying) purposes
    • ", + "
  • your trading or property rental income is more than the threshold for relief
    • ", + "

    Register for VAT

    ", + "

    Your CASC must register for VAT if your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.

    ", + "

    Taxable turnover includes everything you sell that\u2019s not exempt from VAT. Income from sporting activities and fundraising events is exempt.

    ", + "

    Changes to your CASC

    ", + "

    You must report changes to your club\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • contact details
    • ", + "
  • bank details
    • ", + "
  • management
    • ", + "

    You can close a CASC but can\u2019t remove it from the register (this is called \u2018deregistration\u2019).

    ", + "

    If you change the way you run your CASC you must still meet the rules on eligibility. If you don\u2019t, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can cancel your registration.

    ", + "

    Get help and advice

    ", + "

    You can get help and advice on CASCs and charities from HMRC\u2019s charities helpline.

    ", + "

    Advice and support is also available from cascinfo.co.uk.

    ", + "

    Paying tax

    ", + "

    Community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) need to pay Corporation Tax on any income or capital gains that don\u2019t qualify for tax relief.

    ", + "

    If your CASC needs to pay tax you must:

    ", + "
  • file a Company Tax Return
    • ", + "
  • include form CT600E if you\u2019re claiming relief on any income or gains
    • ", + "

    If you have no tax to pay you only need to complete a tax return if HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) asks you to.

    ", + "

    Limited companies must also send annual accounts to Companies House.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a fine if you don\u2019t complete a tax return when you need to or you file your tax return late.

    ", + "

    Reporting changes

    ", + "

    Use form ChV1 to report changes to your community amateur sports club (CASC).

    ", + "

    Allow at least 30 days for HMRC to register your changes.

    ", + "

    Changes you have to report

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about changes to your:

    ", + "
  • organisation\u2019s contact details
    • ", + "
  • authorised officials or responsible persons
    • ", + "
  • nominees\u2019 details, including their bank or building society account changes
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society account details
    • ", + "

    You can also use the form to tell HMRC about any other changes, for example changes to your constitution.

    ", + "

    You must report any changes that would affect your club\u2019s eligibility to be a CASC.

    ", + "

    Closing or deregistering a CASC

    ", + "

    Only HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can deregister your CASC.

    ", + "

    If your club\u2019s members vote and agree to close your CASC, you must:

    ", + "
  • let HMRC know
    • ", + "
  • follow the rules in your governing document
    • ", + "

    HMRC will tell you if you have to complete a Company Tax Return.

    ", + "

    Disposing of assets

    ", + "

    There are rules about what you do with your assets (for example, land or money) when you close a CASC.

    ", + "

    Any remaining assets must only be used for:

    ", + "
  • related community sport (as decided by your sport\u2019s governing body)
    • ", + "
  • another registered CASC
    • ", + "
  • a charity
    • ", + "

    Your CASC would otherwise have to pay Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    If your club is removed from the register

    ", + "

    HMRC can cancel your CASC registration by writing to the club secretary if it decides your club is no longer eligible. This can be backdated.

    ", + "

    If HMRC deregisters your CASC you:

    ", + "
  • will no longer get tax exemptions as of the deregistration date
    • ", + "
  • may have to pay Corporation Tax on any assets taken out of the club
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-charity": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-charity", + "title": "Set up a charity", + "content": "## Set up a charity\n\nThere are 6 steps to setting up a charity.\n\n- Find trustees for your charity - you usually need at least 3.\n\n- Make sure the charity has \u2018charitable purposes for the public benefit\u2019.\n\n- Choose a name for your charity.\n\n- Choose a structure for your charity.\n\n- Create a \u2018governing document\u2019.\n\n- Register as a charity if your annual income is over \u00a35,000 or if you set up a charitable incorporated organisation (CIO).\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nTo get tax relief your charity needs to be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n## Charitable purposes\n\nYour charity must have \u2018charitable purposes\u2019 that help the public (known as being \u2018for public benefit\u2019).\n\nCharitable purposes include things that contribute to:\n\n- relieving poverty\n\n- education\n\n- religion\n\n- health\n\n- saving lives\n\n- citizenship or community development\n\n- the arts\n\n- amateur sport\n\n- human rights\n\n- religious or racial harmony\n\n- the protection of the environment\n\n- animal welfare\n\n- the efficiency of the armed forces, police, fire or ambulance services\n\nRead guidance on writing your charitable purposes.\n\nYou should also read about public benefit to decide if your charity\u2019s aims are suitable.\n\nYou can\u2019t set up a charity to help one specific person.\n\n## Name your charity\n\nYour charity name must not:\n\n- be similar to the name of an existing charity (unless you can prove you need to use it)\n\n- use words you don\u2019t have permission to use, for example a trade mark\n\n- use offensive words or acronyms\n\n- be misleading, for example suggest your charity does something it doesn\u2019t\n\nSearch the charities register to check the names of registered charities. Unregistered charities won\u2019t appear in the register.\n\n## Additional names\n\nYou can use:\n\n- abbreviations, for example National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children is known as NSPCC\n\n- alternative names, for example Comic Relief is a working name for Charity Projects\n\nYou must list any alternative or working names your charity uses when you apply to register.\n\n## Non-English names\n\nYou must include a translation of any non-English words in your charity\u2019s name when you register.\n\n## Using \u2018charity\u2019 in a name\n\nYou can use the words \u2018charity\u2019, \u2018charities\u2019 or \u2018charitable\u2019 in your charity\u2019s name but you need approval from the Charity Commission if you use them when you register a company name with Companies House.\n\n## Structures\n\nYou must choose a structure for your charity, which will affect things like:\n\n- who runs the charity\n\n- how the charity is run\n\n- what the charity can do, for example employ people or own property\n\nThere are 4 common charity structures.\n\n## Charitable company\n\nYour charitable companies will have to be limited by guarantees rather than shares when you register. Select \u2018private company limited by guarantee\u2019 on the form.\n\nTrustees have limited or no liability for a charitable company\u2019s debts or liabilities.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply online to register a charitable company with Companies House.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nFill in the form to register a charitable company with Companies House by post.\n\nIt costs \u00a340.\n\nYou may also need:\n\n- continuation sheets if you need extra space to write\n\n- a Welsh version of the form\n\n## Charitable incorporated organisation (CIO)\n\nA CIO is an incorporated structure designed for charities. You create a CIO by registering with the Charity Commission. You don\u2019t need to register with Companies House.\n\nTrustees have limited or no liability for CIO debts or liabilities.\n\n## Charitable trust\n\nA \u2018charitable trust\u2019 is a way for a group of people (\u2018trustees\u2019) to manage assets such as money, investments, land or buildings.\n\n## Unincorporated charitable association\n\nAn \u2018unincorporated charitable association\u2019 is a simple way for a group of volunteers to run a charity for a common purpose.\n\nUnincorporated charitable associations can\u2019t employ staff or own premises.\n\n## Governing document\n\nYou must create a \u2018governing document\u2019 (or \u2018rulebook\u2019) for your charity that explains how your charity is run.\n\nYour governing document lets trustees and other interested parties find out:\n\n- your charity\u2019s purpose\n\n- who runs it and how they run it\n\n- how trustees will be appointed\n\n- rules about trustees\u2019 expenses\n\n- rules about payments to trustees\n\n- how to close the charity\n\nWhat type of governing document you need depends on your charity structure.\n\nRead guidance on writing your governing document, including example templates.\n\nYou can create your governing document using your own templates but it may mean registration takes longer.\n\nThe trustees must meet to sign the governing document. You\u2019ll need an independent witness if you\u2019re setting up a charitable trust.\n\n## Register your charity\n\nYou must apply to register your charity if:\n\n- its income is at least \u00a35,000 per year or it\u2019s a charitable incorporated organisation (CIO)\n\n- it\u2019s based in England or Wales (the rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll be asked:\n\n- about your charity\u2019s charitable purposes\n\n- how you run your charity for public benefit\n\n- for proof that your charity\u2019s annual income is above \u00a35,000, unless you\u2019re a CIO\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to give your charity\u2019s:\n\n- name\n\n- bank or building society details\n\n- most recent accounts\n\n- contact details, including a postal address\n\n- trustees\u2019 names, dates of birth and contact details\n\n- a copy of your charity\u2019s governing document (in PDF format)\n\n## Proof of income\n\nProof of income, if needed, can be any one of:\n\n- your charity\u2019s latest \u2018published\u2019 annual accounts (in PDF format) - they must have been approved as proof of income by an independent examiner or auditor\n\n- a recent bank statement (as a scanned image)\n\n- a formal offer of funding from a recognised funding body (as a scanned image)", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Set up a charity

    ", + "

    There are 6 steps to setting up a charity.

    ", + "
  • Find trustees for your charity - you usually need at least 3.
    • ", + "
  • Make sure the charity has \u2018charitable purposes for the public benefit\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Choose a name for your charity.
    • ", + "
  • Choose a structure for your charity.
    • ", + "
  • Create a \u2018governing document\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Register as a charity if your annual income is over \u00a35,000 or if you set up a charitable incorporated organisation (CIO).
    • ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Tax relief

    ", + "

    To get tax relief your charity needs to be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Charitable purposes

    ", + "

    Your charity must have \u2018charitable purposes\u2019 that help the public (known as being \u2018for public benefit\u2019).

    ", + "

    Charitable purposes include things that contribute to:

    ", + "
  • relieving poverty
    • ", + "
  • education
    • ", + "
  • religion
    • ", + "
  • health
    • ", + "
  • saving lives
    • ", + "
  • citizenship or community development
    • ", + "
  • the arts
    • ", + "
  • amateur sport
    • ", + "
  • human rights
    • ", + "
  • religious or racial harmony
    • ", + "
  • the protection of the environment
    • ", + "
  • animal welfare
    • ", + "
  • the efficiency of the armed forces, police, fire or ambulance services
    • ", + "

    Read guidance on writing your charitable purposes.

    ", + "

    You should also read about public benefit to decide if your charity\u2019s aims are suitable.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t set up a charity to help one specific person.

    ", + "

    Name your charity

    ", + "

    Your charity name must not:

    ", + "
  • be similar to the name of an existing charity (unless you can prove you need to use it)
    • ", + "
  • use words you don\u2019t have permission to use, for example a trade mark
    • ", + "
  • use offensive words or acronyms
    • ", + "
  • be misleading, for example suggest your charity does something it doesn\u2019t
    • ", + "

    Search the charities register to check the names of registered charities. Unregistered charities won\u2019t appear in the register.

    ", + "

    Additional names

    ", + "

    You can use:

    ", + "
  • abbreviations, for example National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children is known as NSPCC
    • ", + "
  • alternative names, for example Comic Relief is a working name for Charity Projects
    • ", + "

    You must list any alternative or working names your charity uses when you apply to register.

    ", + "

    Non-English names

    ", + "

    You must include a translation of any non-English words in your charity\u2019s name when you register.

    ", + "

    Using \u2018charity\u2019 in a name

    ", + "

    You can use the words \u2018charity\u2019, \u2018charities\u2019 or \u2018charitable\u2019 in your charity\u2019s name but you need approval from the Charity Commission if you use them when you register a company name with Companies House.

    ", + "

    Structures

    ", + "

    You must choose a structure for your charity, which will affect things like:

    ", + "
  • who runs the charity
    • ", + "
  • how the charity is run
    • ", + "
  • what the charity can do, for example employ people or own property
    • ", + "

    There are 4 common charity structures.

    ", + "

    Charitable company

    ", + "

    Your charitable companies will have to be limited by guarantees rather than shares when you register. Select \u2018private company limited by guarantee\u2019 on the form.

    ", + "

    Trustees have limited or no liability for a charitable company\u2019s debts or liabilities.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can apply online to register a charitable company with Companies House.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    Fill in the form to register a charitable company with Companies House by post.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a340.

    ", + "

    You may also need:

    ", + "
  • continuation sheets if you need extra space to write
    • ", + "
  • a Welsh version of the form
    • ", + "

    Charitable incorporated organisation (CIO)

    ", + "

    A CIO is an incorporated structure designed for charities. You create a CIO by registering with the Charity Commission. You don\u2019t need to register with Companies House.

    ", + "

    Trustees have limited or no liability for CIO debts or liabilities.

    ", + "

    Charitable trust

    ", + "

    A \u2018charitable trust\u2019 is a way for a group of people (\u2018trustees\u2019) to manage assets such as money, investments, land or buildings.

    ", + "

    Unincorporated charitable association

    ", + "

    An \u2018unincorporated charitable association\u2019 is a simple way for a group of volunteers to run a charity for a common purpose.

    ", + "

    Unincorporated charitable associations can\u2019t employ staff or own premises.

    ", + "

    Governing document

    ", + "

    You must create a \u2018governing document\u2019 (or \u2018rulebook\u2019) for your charity that explains how your charity is run.

    ", + "

    Your governing document lets trustees and other interested parties find out:

    ", + "
  • your charity\u2019s purpose
    • ", + "
  • who runs it and how they run it
    • ", + "
  • how trustees will be appointed
    • ", + "
  • rules about trustees\u2019 expenses
    • ", + "
  • rules about payments to trustees
    • ", + "
  • how to close the charity
    • ", + "

    What type of governing document you need depends on your charity structure.

    ", + "

    Read guidance on writing your governing document, including example templates.

    ", + "

    You can create your governing document using your own templates but it may mean registration takes longer.

    ", + "

    The trustees must meet to sign the governing document. You\u2019ll need an independent witness if you\u2019re setting up a charitable trust.

    ", + "

    Register your charity

    ", + "

    You must apply to register your charity if:

    ", + "
  • its income is at least \u00a35,000 per year or it\u2019s a charitable incorporated organisation (CIO)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s based in England or Wales (the rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll be asked:

    ", + "
  • about your charity\u2019s charitable purposes
    • ", + "
  • how you run your charity for public benefit
    • ", + "
  • for proof that your charity\u2019s annual income is above \u00a35,000, unless you\u2019re a CIO
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to give your charity\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society details
    • ", + "
  • most recent accounts
    • ", + "
  • contact details, including a postal address
    • ", + "
  • trustees\u2019 names, dates of birth and contact details
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your charity\u2019s governing document (in PDF format)
    • ", + "

    Proof of income

    ", + "

    Proof of income, if needed, can be any one of:

    ", + "
  • your charity\u2019s latest \u2018published\u2019 annual accounts (in PDF format) - they must have been approved as proof of income by an independent examiner or auditor
    • ", + "
  • a recent bank statement (as a scanned image)
    • ", + "
  • a formal offer of funding from a recognised funding body (as a scanned image)
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/donating-to-charity": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/donating-to-charity", + "title": "Tax relief when you donate to a charity", + "content": "## Overview\n\nDonations by individuals to charity or to community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) are tax free. This is called tax relief.\n\nThe tax goes to you or the charity. How this works depends on whether you donate:\n\n- through Gift Aid\n\n- straight from your wages or pension through a Payroll Giving scheme\n\n- land, property or shares\n\n- in your will\n\nThis also applies to sole traders and partnerships. There are different rules for limited companies.\n\nIf you want to donate to a sports club, check if it\u2019s registered as a community amateur sports club (CASC). You cannot donate to a CASC through Payroll Giving.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep a record of your donations if you want to take them off your total taxable income.\n\n## Gift Aid\n\nDonating through Gift Aid means charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) can claim an extra 25p for every \u00a31 you give. It will not cost you any extra.\n\nCharities can claim Gift Aid on most donations, but some payments do not qualify.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou need to make a Gift Aid declaration for the charity to claim. You usually do this by filling in a form - contact the charity if you have not got one.\n\nYou must give a declaration to each charity you want to donate to through Gift Aid.\n\nYou can include all donations from the last 4 years. Tell the charity about any tax years where you did not pay enough tax.\n\n## Paying enough tax to qualify for Gift Aid\n\nYour donations will qualify as long as they\u2019re not more than 4 times what you have paid in tax in that tax year (6 April to 5 April).\n\nThe tax could have been paid on income or capital gains.\n\nYou must tell the charities you support if you stop paying enough tax.\n\n## Higher rate taxpayers\n\nIf you pay tax above the basic rate, you can claim the difference between the rate you pay and basic rate on your donation. It\u2019s the same if you live in Scotland. Do this either:\n\n- through your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- by asking HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to amend your tax code\n\nWith Payroll Giving, you do not pay the difference between the higher and basic rate of tax on your donation.\n\n## Getting tax relief sooner\n\nIn your Self Assessment tax return, you normally only report things from the previous tax year.\n\nBut for Gift Aid, you can also claim tax relief on donations you make in the current tax year (up to the date you send your return) if you either:\n\n- want tax relief sooner\n\n- will not pay higher rate tax in current year, but you did in the previous year\n\nYou cannot do this if:\n\n- you miss the deadline\n (31 January if you file online)\n\n- your donations do not qualify for Gift Aid - your donations from both tax years together must not be more than 4 times what you paid in tax in the previous year\n\nIf you do not have to send a tax return, contact HMRC and ask for a P810 form. You\u2019ll need to submit it by 31 January after the end of the previous tax year.\n\n## Donating straight from your wages or pension\n\nIf your employer, company or personal pension provider runs a Payroll Giving scheme, you can donate straight from your wages or pension. This happens before tax is deducted from your income.\n\nAsk your employer or pension provider if they run a Payroll Giving scheme.\n\nYou cannot donate to a community amateur sports club (CASC) through Payroll Giving.\n\nThe tax relief you get depends on the rate of tax you pay. To donate \u00a31, you pay:\n\n- 80p if you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer\n\n- 60p if you\u2019re a higher rate taxpayer\n\n- 55p if you\u2019re an additional rate taxpayer\n\nThe tax relief you get is different if you live in Scotland. To donate \u00a31, you pay:\n\n- 81p if you\u2019re a starter rate taxpayer\n\n- 80p if you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer\n\n- 79p if you\u2019re a intermediate rate taxpayer\n\n- 59p if you\u2019re a higher rate taxpayer\n\n- 54p if you\u2019re a top rate taxpayer\n\n## Donating land, property or shares\n\nYou do not have to pay tax on land, property or shares you donate to charity. This includes selling them for less than their market value.\n\nYou get tax relief on both:\n\n- Income Tax\n\n- Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou cannot get Income Tax relief on donations to community amateur sports clubs (CASCs).\n\nYou must keep records of the donation to show that you\u2019ve made the gift or sale and that the charity has accepted it.\n\n## Income Tax relief\n\nYou can pay less Income Tax by deducting the value of your donation from your total taxable income. Do this for the tax year (6 April to 5 April) in which you made the gift or sale to charity.\n\n## How to claim\n\nIf you complete a Self Assessment tax return, add the amount you\u2019re claiming in the \u2018Charitable giving\u2019 section of the form. This will reduce your Self Assessment bill.\n\nIf you do not complete a tax return, write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) with details of the gift or sale and your tax relief amount. You\u2019ll either get a refund, or your tax code will be changed so you pay less Income Tax for that tax year.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax relief\n\nYou do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on land, property or shares you give to charity.\n\nYou may have to pay if you sell them for more than they cost you but less than their market value. Work out your gain using the amount the charity actually pays you, rather than the value of the asset.\n\n## Selling land, property or shares on behalf of a charity\n\nWhen you offer a gift of land, property or shares, the charity may ask you to sell the gift on its behalf.\n\nYou can do this and still claim tax relief for the donation, but you must keep records of the gift and the charity\u2019s request. Without them, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\n## Leaving gifts to charity in your will\n\nYour will says what will happen to your money, property and possessions after you die.\n\nYour donation will either:\n\n- be taken off the value of your estate before Inheritance Tax is calculated\n\n- reduce your Inheritance Tax rate, if 10% or more of your estate is left to charity\n\nYou can donate:\n\n- a fixed amount\n\n- an item\n\n- what\u2019s left after other gifts have been given out\n\n## Writing your will\n\nFind out how to write or update your will, including how to make sure it\u2019s legal.\n\nInclude the charity\u2019s full name - check with them or search the charity register in England and Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou need to keep records of donations if you want to claim tax back on them.\n\n## Gift Aid donations\n\nKeep records if you:\n\n- pay higher rate tax\n\n- claim tax credits\n\n- get a higher Personal Allowance because of your age\n\n- get Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming tax back through your Self Assessment tax return or by asking HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) to amend your tax code keep records showing the date, the amount and which charities you\u2019ve donated to.\n\n## Land, buildings and shares\n\nFor donations of land, property or shares you need to keep:\n\n- legal documents showing the sale or transfer to charity\n\n- any documents from a charity asking you to sell land or shares on its behalf\n\nYou normally have to keep your records for at least 22 months from the end of the tax year they\u2019re for.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Donations by individuals to charity or to community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) are tax free. This is called tax relief.

    ", + "

    The tax goes to you or the charity. How this works depends on whether you donate:

    ", + "
  • through Gift Aid
    • ", + "
  • straight from your wages or pension through a Payroll Giving scheme
    • ", + "
  • land, property or shares
    • ", + "
  • in your will
    • ", + "

    This also applies to sole traders and partnerships. There are different rules for limited companies.

    ", + "

    If you want to donate to a sports club, check if it\u2019s registered as a community amateur sports club (CASC). You cannot donate to a CASC through Payroll Giving.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep a record of your donations if you want to take them off your total taxable income.

    ", + "

    Gift Aid

    ", + "

    Donating through Gift Aid means charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) can claim an extra 25p for every \u00a31 you give. It will not cost you any extra.

    ", + "

    Charities can claim Gift Aid on most donations, but some payments do not qualify.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You need to make a Gift Aid declaration for the charity to claim. You usually do this by filling in a form - contact the charity if you have not got one.

    ", + "

    You must give a declaration to each charity you want to donate to through Gift Aid.

    ", + "

    You can include all donations from the last 4 years. Tell the charity about any tax years where you did not pay enough tax.

    ", + "

    Paying enough tax to qualify for Gift Aid

    ", + "

    Your donations will qualify as long as they\u2019re not more than 4 times what you have paid in tax in that tax year (6 April to 5 April).

    ", + "

    The tax could have been paid on income or capital gains.

    ", + "

    You must tell the charities you support if you stop paying enough tax.

    ", + "

    Higher rate taxpayers

    ", + "

    If you pay tax above the basic rate, you can claim the difference between the rate you pay and basic rate on your donation. It\u2019s the same if you live in Scotland. Do this either:

    ", + "
  • through your Self Assessment tax return
    • ", + "
  • by asking HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to amend your tax code
    • ", + "

    With Payroll Giving, you do not pay the difference between the higher and basic rate of tax on your donation.

    ", + "

    Getting tax relief sooner

    ", + "

    In your Self Assessment tax return, you normally only report things from the previous tax year.

    ", + "

    But for Gift Aid, you can also claim tax relief on donations you make in the current tax year (up to the date you send your return) if you either:

    ", + "
  • want tax relief sooner
    • ", + "
  • will not pay higher rate tax in current year, but you did in the previous year
    • ", + "

    You cannot do this if:

    ", + "
  • you miss the deadline\n (31 January if you file online)
    • ", + "
  • your donations do not qualify for Gift Aid - your donations from both tax years together must not be more than 4 times what you paid in tax in the previous year
    • ", + "

    If you do not have to send a tax return, contact HMRC and ask for a P810 form. You\u2019ll need to submit it by 31 January after the end of the previous tax year.

    ", + "

    Donating straight from your wages or pension

    ", + "

    If your employer, company or personal pension provider runs a Payroll Giving scheme, you can donate straight from your wages or pension. This happens before tax is deducted from your income.

    ", + "

    Ask your employer or pension provider if they run a Payroll Giving scheme.

    ", + "

    You cannot donate to a community amateur sports club (CASC) through Payroll Giving.

    ", + "

    The tax relief you get depends on the rate of tax you pay. To donate \u00a31, you pay:

    ", + "
  • 80p if you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer
    • ", + "
  • 60p if you\u2019re a higher rate taxpayer
    • ", + "
  • 55p if you\u2019re an additional rate taxpayer
    • ", + "

    The tax relief you get is different if you live in Scotland. To donate \u00a31, you pay:

    ", + "
  • 81p if you\u2019re a starter rate taxpayer
    • ", + "
  • 80p if you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer
    • ", + "
  • 79p if you\u2019re a intermediate rate taxpayer
    • ", + "
  • 59p if you\u2019re a higher rate taxpayer
    • ", + "
  • 54p if you\u2019re a top rate taxpayer
    • ", + "

    Donating land, property or shares

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay tax on land, property or shares you donate to charity. This includes selling them for less than their market value.

    ", + "

    You get tax relief on both:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax
    • ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax
    • ", + "

    You cannot get Income Tax relief on donations to community amateur sports clubs (CASCs).

    ", + "

    You must keep records of the donation to show that you\u2019ve made the gift or sale and that the charity has accepted it.

    ", + "

    Income Tax relief

    ", + "

    You can pay less Income Tax by deducting the value of your donation from your total taxable income. Do this for the tax year (6 April to 5 April) in which you made the gift or sale to charity.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    If you complete a Self Assessment tax return, add the amount you\u2019re claiming in the \u2018Charitable giving\u2019 section of the form. This will reduce your Self Assessment bill.

    ", + "

    If you do not complete a tax return, write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) with details of the gift or sale and your tax relief amount. You\u2019ll either get a refund, or your tax code will be changed so you pay less Income Tax for that tax year.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax relief

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on land, property or shares you give to charity.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay if you sell them for more than they cost you but less than their market value. Work out your gain using the amount the charity actually pays you, rather than the value of the asset.

    ", + "

    Selling land, property or shares on behalf of a charity

    ", + "

    When you offer a gift of land, property or shares, the charity may ask you to sell the gift on its behalf.

    ", + "

    You can do this and still claim tax relief for the donation, but you must keep records of the gift and the charity\u2019s request. Without them, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    Leaving gifts to charity in your will

    ", + "

    Your will says what will happen to your money, property and possessions after you die.

    ", + "

    Your donation will either:

    ", + "
  • be taken off the value of your estate before Inheritance Tax is calculated
    • ", + "
  • reduce your Inheritance Tax rate, if 10% or more of your estate is left to charity
    • ", + "

    You can donate:

    ", + "
  • a fixed amount
    • ", + "
  • an item
    • ", + "
  • what\u2019s left after other gifts have been given out
    • ", + "

    Writing your will

    ", + "

    Find out how to write or update your will, including how to make sure it\u2019s legal.

    ", + "

    Include the charity\u2019s full name - check with them or search the charity register in England and Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    You need to keep records of donations if you want to claim tax back on them.

    ", + "

    Gift Aid donations

    ", + "

    Keep records if you:

    ", + "
  • pay higher rate tax
    • ", + "
  • claim tax credits
    • ", + "
  • get a higher Personal Allowance because of your age
    • ", + "
  • get Married Couple\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming tax back through your Self Assessment tax return or by asking HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) to amend your tax code keep records showing the date, the amount and which charities you\u2019ve donated to.

    ", + "

    Land, buildings and shares

    ", + "

    For donations of land, property or shares you need to keep:

    ", + "
  • legal documents showing the sale or transfer to charity
    • ", + "
  • any documents from a charity asking you to sell land or shares on its behalf
    • ", + "

    You normally have to keep your records for at least 22 months from the end of the tax year they\u2019re for.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vat-charities": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-charities", + "title": "VAT for charities", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAs a charity you do not pay VAT when you buy some goods and services.\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) do not qualify for the same VAT reliefs as charities.\n\n## How to get VAT relief\n\nYou must prove to the person who\u2019s selling the goods or services to you that you\u2019re eligible for relief. You do not need to be registered for VAT.\n\n## When you must register for VAT\n\nYou must register for VAT if your charity\u2019s VAT taxable turnover (the total value of everything you sell that isn\u2019t exempt from VAT) is more than \u00a385,000.\n\nYou can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example if you want to reclaim VAT on your supplies.\n\n## Get help with VAT\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have questions about VAT for your charity.\n\n## What qualifies for VAT relief\n\nCharities pay VAT on all standard-rated goods and services they buy from VAT-registered businesses. They pay VAT at a reduced rate (5%) or the \u2018zero rate\u2019 on some goods and services.\n\n## What qualifies for the reduced rate\n\nYour charity pays 5% VAT on fuel and power if they\u2019re for:\n\n- residential accommodation (for example, a children\u2019s home or care home for the elderly)\n\n- charitable non-business activities (for example, free daycare for disabled people)\n\n- small-scale use (up to 1,000 kilowatt hours of electricity a month or a delivery of 2,300 litres of gas oil)\n\nIf less than 60% of the fuel and power is for something that qualifies, you\u2019ll pay the reduced rate of VAT on the qualifying part and the standard rate (20%) on the rest.\n\nQualifying fuel and power includes gases, electricity, oils and solid fuels (such as coal). It does not include vehicle fuel.\n\n## What qualifies for the zero rate\n\nFind out about the conditions you must meet so that your charity pays no VAT (the zero rate) when you buy:\n\n- advertising and items for collecting donations\n\n- aids for disabled people\n\n- construction services\n\n- drugs and chemicals\n\n- equipment for making \u2018talking\u2019 books and newspapers\n\n- lifeboats and associated equipment, including fuel\n\n- medicine or ingredients for medicine\n\n- resuscitation training models\n\n- medical, veterinary and scientific equipment\n\n- ambulances\n\n- goods for disabled people\n\n- motor vehicles designed or adapted for a disability\n\n- rescue equipment\n\n## VAT-free goods from outside the UK\n\nCharities do not pay VAT on goods imported from outside the UK as long as they\u2019re benefiting people in need by providing:\n\n- basic necessities\n\n- equipment and office materials to help run your organisation for the benefit of people in need\n\n- goods to be used or sold at charity events\n\nYou can check which goods you can claim VAT relief for, as well as how to claim.\n\n## How to claim VAT relief\n\nTo get VAT relief you must give your supplier:\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re a charity\n\n- a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming that you\u2019re eligible for the relief\n\n## Evidence of charitable status\n\nThis can be either your:\n\n- Charity Commission registration number\n\n- letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\nScottish and Northern Irish charities must provide their letter of recognition from HMRC.\n\n## Written declaration\n\nYou must give your supplier an eligibility declaration or certificate when they sell you goods or services at zero rate VAT. There are examples of declarations and certificates for different goods.\n\nIf you\u2019re buying building or construction services at zero VAT, the certificate must follow a set format.\n\nThe written declaration or certificate should be separate from the order form or invoice for the goods or services your charity is buying.\n\n## Charities and VAT registration\n\nAs a charity, you must register for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.\n\nYou can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on your supplies.\n\nIf you\u2019re registered for VAT you must send a return every 3 months.\n\n## Work out your taxable turnover\n\nTo work out your VAT taxable turnover add up the total value of everything you sell in a 12-month period that is not:\n\n- exempt from VAT\n\n- outside the scope of VAT\n\nCheck what VAT rate applies to your charity\u2019s activities.\n\n## Exempt from VAT\n\nYou cannot charge VAT on exempt goods and services (such as the provision of welfare services). You cannot normally reclaim VAT on any goods and services purchased in relation to an exempt business activity.\n\nYou cannot register for VAT if all your business activities are exempt from VAT.\n\n## Outside the scope of VAT\n\nIncome from non-business activities is \u2018outside the scope\u2019 of VAT (you cannot charge or reclaim VAT on them). This includes:\n\n- donations where nothing is given in return\n\n- grant funding given to support your charitable activities where nothing is given in return\n\n- activities where your organisation does not make a charge\n\nRead more about what counts as a business activity.\n\n## Charging VAT\n\nOnce you\u2019ve registered you must charge VAT at the correct rate on everything you supply.\n\n## Reclaiming VAT\n\nIf you\u2019re registered you may be able to reclaim VAT when you file your VAT Return.\n\nYou can reclaim the VAT you were charged on goods and services relating to your taxable business activities.\n\n## Exports outside the UK\n\nIf you supply goods outside the UK free of charge (for example as aid), you can treat this as a zero-rate business activity (0% VAT) so you can reclaim the VAT on any associated costs.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As a charity you do not pay VAT when you buy some goods and services.

    ", + "

    Community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) do not qualify for the same VAT reliefs as charities.

    ", + "

    How to get VAT relief

    ", + "

    You must prove to the person who\u2019s selling the goods or services to you that you\u2019re eligible for relief. You do not need to be registered for VAT.

    ", + "

    When you must register for VAT

    ", + "

    You must register for VAT if your charity\u2019s VAT taxable turnover (the total value of everything you sell that isn\u2019t exempt from VAT) is more than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example if you want to reclaim VAT on your supplies.

    ", + "

    Get help with VAT

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have questions about VAT for your charity.

    ", + "

    What qualifies for VAT relief

    ", + "

    Charities pay VAT on all standard-rated goods and services they buy from VAT-registered businesses. They pay VAT at a reduced rate (5%) or the \u2018zero rate\u2019 on some goods and services.

    ", + "

    What qualifies for the reduced rate

    ", + "

    Your charity pays 5% VAT on fuel and power if they\u2019re for:

    ", + "
  • residential accommodation (for example, a children\u2019s home or care home for the elderly)
    • ", + "
  • charitable non-business activities (for example, free daycare for disabled people)
    • ", + "
  • small-scale use (up to 1,000 kilowatt hours of electricity a month or a delivery of 2,300 litres of gas oil)
    • ", + "

    If less than 60% of the fuel and power is for something that qualifies, you\u2019ll pay the reduced rate of VAT on the qualifying part and the standard rate (20%) on the rest.

    ", + "

    Qualifying fuel and power includes gases, electricity, oils and solid fuels (such as coal). It does not include vehicle fuel.

    ", + "

    What qualifies for the zero rate

    ", + "

    Find out about the conditions you must meet so that your charity pays no VAT (the zero rate) when you buy:

    ", + "
  • advertising and items for collecting donations
    • ", + "
  • aids for disabled people
    • ", + "
  • construction services
    • ", + "
  • drugs and chemicals
    • ", + "
  • equipment for making \u2018talking\u2019 books and newspapers
    • ", + "
  • lifeboats and associated equipment, including fuel
    • ", + "
  • medicine or ingredients for medicine
    • ", + "
  • resuscitation training models
    • ", + "
  • medical, veterinary and scientific equipment
    • ", + "
  • ambulances
    • ", + "
  • goods for disabled people
    • ", + "
  • motor vehicles designed or adapted for a disability
    • ", + "
  • rescue equipment
    • ", + "

    VAT-free goods from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Charities do not pay VAT on goods imported from outside the UK as long as they\u2019re benefiting people in need by providing:

    ", + "
  • basic necessities
    • ", + "
  • equipment and office materials to help run your organisation for the benefit of people in need
    • ", + "
  • goods to be used or sold at charity events
    • ", + "

    You can check which goods you can claim VAT relief for, as well as how to claim.

    ", + "

    How to claim VAT relief

    ", + "

    To get VAT relief you must give your supplier:

    ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019re a charity
    • ", + "
  • a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming that you\u2019re eligible for the relief
    • ", + "

    Evidence of charitable status

    ", + "

    This can be either your:

    ", + "
  • Charity Commission registration number
    • ", + "
  • letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "

    Scottish and Northern Irish charities must provide their letter of recognition from HMRC.

    ", + "

    Written declaration

    ", + "

    You must give your supplier an eligibility declaration or certificate when they sell you goods or services at zero rate VAT. There are examples of declarations and certificates for different goods.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying building or construction services at zero VAT, the certificate must follow a set format.

    ", + "

    The written declaration or certificate should be separate from the order form or invoice for the goods or services your charity is buying.

    ", + "

    Charities and VAT registration

    ", + "

    As a charity, you must register for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on your supplies.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered for VAT you must send a return every 3 months.

    ", + "

    Work out your taxable turnover

    ", + "

    To work out your VAT taxable turnover add up the total value of everything you sell in a 12-month period that is not:

    ", + "
  • exempt from VAT
    • ", + "
  • outside the scope of VAT
    • ", + "

    Check what VAT rate applies to your charity\u2019s activities.

    ", + "

    Exempt from VAT

    ", + "

    You cannot charge VAT on exempt goods and services (such as the provision of welfare services). You cannot normally reclaim VAT on any goods and services purchased in relation to an exempt business activity.

    ", + "

    You cannot register for VAT if all your business activities are exempt from VAT.

    ", + "

    Outside the scope of VAT

    ", + "

    Income from non-business activities is \u2018outside the scope\u2019 of VAT (you cannot charge or reclaim VAT on them). This includes:

    ", + "
  • donations where nothing is given in return
    • ", + "
  • grant funding given to support your charitable activities where nothing is given in return
    • ", + "
  • activities where your organisation does not make a charge
    • ", + "

    Read more about what counts as a business activity.

    ", + "

    Charging VAT

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve registered you must charge VAT at the correct rate on everything you supply.

    ", + "

    Reclaiming VAT

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered you may be able to reclaim VAT when you file your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    You can reclaim the VAT you were charged on goods and services relating to your taxable business activities.

    ", + "

    Exports outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you supply goods outside the UK free of charge (for example as aid), you can treat this as a zero-rate business activity (0% VAT) so you can reclaim the VAT on any associated costs.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/volunteer-as-a-coastguard": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/volunteer-as-a-coastguard", + "title": "Volunteer as a coastguard", + "content": "## What the Coastguard Rescue Service does\n\nThe Coastguard Rescue Service is made up of volunteers and is part of HM Coastguard.\n\nAs a coastguard rescue officer you may have to:\n\n- help rescue people trapped on the coast, for example on cliffs, stuck in mud or in the water\n\n- search for missing people\n\n- report and deal with pollution and other hazards\n\n- help emergency services and local authorities during emergencies, for example flooding\n\n- gather information for the coastguard operations centre\n\n- go to schools, clubs and other public places to tell people about staying safe at sea and along the coast\n\n- carry out duties for the Receiver of Wreck, for example dealing with wreckage or dead whales and dolphins on the shoreline\n\n## What to expect as a volunteer\n\nAs a coastguard rescue officer you:\n\n- could be called out at any time of the day or night\n\n- may have to work in hazardous situations for long hours\n\n- may have to carry out physically demanding tasks, for example carrying heavy equipment to rescue sites\n\nAs a volunteer you will not be paid. You can claim a small amount for your time and expenses.\n\n## Volunteering and working\n\nYou can have a full time job and still be a coastguard rescue officer.\n\nYou must ask your employer if you can respond to emergencies during work hours before you become a volunteer.\n\nYou can still go on holiday - just let your coastguard manager know when you\u2019re going to be away.\n\n## Training and equipment\n\nYou must pass initial training by HM Coastguard, followed by regular training to keep your skills up to date.\n\nThis will include training in:\n\n- first aid\n\n- water rescue\n\n- map work\n\n- search techniques\n\n- communications\n\n- skills you need for your local area, for example rope rescue, mud rescue\n\nTraining is often held in the evenings or at weekends.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given all the equipment and protective clothing that you need.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nAll of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019re aged 18 or over\n\n- you have a full driving licence\n\n- you live or work within 30 minutes of the rescue station - check the map to find your nearest station\n\nYour local station may have further requirements, for example you may need to live closer to the station.\n\n## Health and fitness\n\nYou need to be reasonably fit and generally in good health. You must also:\n\n- weigh 120kg or less\n\n- have a waist measurement of 110cm or less\n\nYou must take a health and fitness test, and meet eyesight and hearing requirements.\n\nIf you have type 1 diabetes there will be restrictions on what activities you can do. Contact crsenquiries@mcga.gov.uk to find out if you can apply.\n\n## How to apply\n\nContact your local area management team to find out if there are any volunteering opportunities.\n\nTo do this, you need to find which team is responsible for your area.\n\n- Check the map of coastguard stations in the UK. If you cannot access the map, contact crsenquiries@mcga.gov.uk.\n\n- Find the coastguard station you want to volunteer at on the map.\n\n- Check which area the station is in, for example \u2018Area 1\u2019.\n\n- Email the relevant area - you can find the contact details in the table. Use the subject line \u2018coastguard rescue service enrolment\u2019. Do not send your CV or any other attachments.\n\n## Area contact details\n\nFind the email address for your local area.\n\n| Coastguard area | Email address | |\n\n| 1 | area1@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 2 | area2@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 3 | area3@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 4 | area4@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 5 | area5@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 6 | area6@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 7 | area7@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 8 | area8@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 9 | area9@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 10 | area10@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 11 | area11@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 12 | area12@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 13 | area13@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 14 | area14@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 15 | area15@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 16 | area16@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 17 | area17@mcga.gov.uk | |\n\n| 18 | area18@mcga.gov.uk | |", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What the Coastguard Rescue Service does

    ", + "

    The Coastguard Rescue Service is made up of volunteers and is part of HM Coastguard.

    ", + "

    As a coastguard rescue officer you may have to:

    ", + "
  • help rescue people trapped on the coast, for example on cliffs, stuck in mud or in the water
    • ", + "
  • search for missing people
    • ", + "
  • report and deal with pollution and other hazards
    • ", + "
  • help emergency services and local authorities during emergencies, for example flooding
    • ", + "
  • gather information for the coastguard operations centre
    • ", + "
  • go to schools, clubs and other public places to tell people about staying safe at sea and along the coast
    • ", + "
  • carry out duties for the Receiver of Wreck, for example dealing with wreckage or dead whales and dolphins on the shoreline
    • ", + "

    What to expect as a volunteer

    ", + "

    As a coastguard rescue officer you:

    ", + "
  • could be called out at any time of the day or night
    • ", + "
  • may have to work in hazardous situations for long hours
    • ", + "
  • may have to carry out physically demanding tasks, for example carrying heavy equipment to rescue sites
    • ", + "

    As a volunteer you will not be paid. You can claim a small amount for your time and expenses.

    ", + "

    Volunteering and working

    ", + "

    You can have a full time job and still be a coastguard rescue officer.

    ", + "

    You must ask your employer if you can respond to emergencies during work hours before you become a volunteer.

    ", + "

    You can still go on holiday - just let your coastguard manager know when you\u2019re going to be away.

    ", + "

    Training and equipment

    ", + "

    You must pass initial training by HM Coastguard, followed by regular training to keep your skills up to date.

    ", + "

    This will include training in:

    ", + "
  • first aid
    • ", + "
  • water rescue
    • ", + "
  • map work
    • ", + "
  • search techniques
    • ", + "
  • communications
    • ", + "
  • skills you need for your local area, for example rope rescue, mud rescue
    • ", + "

    Training is often held in the evenings or at weekends.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given all the equipment and protective clothing that you need.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    All of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re aged 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • you have a full driving licence
    • ", + "
  • you live or work within 30 minutes of the rescue station - check the map to find your nearest station
    • ", + "

    Your local station may have further requirements, for example you may need to live closer to the station.

    ", + "

    Health and fitness

    ", + "

    You need to be reasonably fit and generally in good health. You must also:

    ", + "
  • weigh 120kg or less
    • ", + "
  • have a waist measurement of 110cm or less
    • ", + "

    You must take a health and fitness test, and meet eyesight and hearing requirements.

    ", + "

    If you have type 1 diabetes there will be restrictions on what activities you can do. Contact crsenquiries@mcga.gov.uk to find out if you can apply.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Contact your local area management team to find out if there are any volunteering opportunities.

    ", + "

    To do this, you need to find which team is responsible for your area.

    ", + "
  • Check the map of coastguard stations in the UK. If you cannot access the map, contact crsenquiries@mcga.gov.uk.
    • ", + "
  • Find the coastguard station you want to volunteer at on the map.
    • ", + "
  • Check which area the station is in, for example \u2018Area 1\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Email the relevant area - you can find the contact details in the table. Use the subject line \u2018coastguard rescue service enrolment\u2019. Do not send your CV or any other attachments.
    • ", + "

    Area contact details

    ", + "

    Find the email address for your local area.

    ", + "Coastguard area | Email address | ", + "1 | area1@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "2 | area2@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "3 | area3@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "4 | area4@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "5 | area5@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "6 | area6@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "7 | area7@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "8 | area8@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "9 | area9@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "10 | area10@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "11 | area11@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "12 | area12@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "13 | area13@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "14 | area14@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "15 | area15@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "16 | area16@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "17 | area17@mcga.gov.uk | ", + "18 | area18@mcga.gov.uk | " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/volunteering": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/volunteering", + "title": "Volunteer opportunities, rights and expenses", + "content": "## Find volunteer opportunities\n\nYou can find volunteering opportunities on the:\n\n- Do-it website\n\n- Volunteering Matters website for young, older and disabled volunteers\n\n- National Association for Voluntary and Community Action website\n\n- local Volunteer Centre website\n\n- Reach Volunteering website for volunteers with specific skills - like accountancy, marketing, law, management, mentoring or IT\n\n- Volunteering Wales website\n\n- Volunteer Scotland website\n\nFind out about volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## Volunteers' rights\n\nYou do not have a contract of employment as a volunteer, so you do not have the same rights as an employee or worker.\n\nYou will usually be given a volunteer agreement that explains:\n\n- the level of supervision and support you\u2019ll get\n\n- what training you\u2019ll get\n\n- whether you\u2019re covered under the organisation\u2019s employer or public liability insurance\n\n- health and safety issues\n\n- any expenses the organisation will cover\n\nThe volunteer agreement is not compulsory, but sets out what you can expect from the organisation you\u2019re volunteering for. It does not form a contract between you and the organisation.\n\nThe National Council for Voluntary Organisations (NCVO) has information on volunteers\u2019 legal status.\n\n## When you can volunteer\n\n## Age limits\n\nThere\u2019s no upper age limit on volunteering, but anyone over 70 will need to follow public health advice on volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nSome organisations\u2019 insurance policies do not cover you if you\u2019re under 16 or over a certain age.\n\nYou cannot work for a profit-making organisation if you\u2019re under 14, even if you\u2019re not paid.\n\nYour local council might have extra rules about the work you can do as a young person.\n\n## Volunteering and benefits\n\nYou can volunteer and claim benefits if:\n\n- the only money you get from volunteering is to cover expenses, like travel costs\n\n- you continue to meet the conditions of the benefit you get\n\n## Criminal records\n\nIf you have a criminal record you can still volunteer in most roles, depending on your offences. You might need a Disclosure and Barring Service check if you want to volunteer with children or vulnerable adults.\n\n## Pay and expenses\n\nYou are not paid for your time as a volunteer, but you may get money to cover expenses. This is usually limited to food, drink, travel or any equipment you need to buy.\n\nYou may need to pay tax on your driving expenses if you get back more than you spent.\n\nYou might be classed as an employee or worker rather than a volunteer if you get any other payment, reward or benefit in kind. This includes any promise of a contract or paid work in the future.\n\nYou get certain employment rights if you\u2019re classed as an employee or worker, like getting the minimum wage.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Find volunteer opportunities

    ", + "

    You can find volunteering opportunities on the:

    ", + "
  • Do-it website
    • ", + "
  • Volunteering Matters website for young, older and disabled volunteers
    • ", + "
  • National Association for Voluntary and Community Action website
    • ", + "
  • local Volunteer Centre website
    • ", + "
  • Reach Volunteering website for volunteers with specific skills - like accountancy, marketing, law, management, mentoring or IT
    • ", + "
  • Volunteering Wales website
    • ", + "
  • Volunteer Scotland website
    • ", + "

    Find out about volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Volunteers' rights

    ", + "

    You do not have a contract of employment as a volunteer, so you do not have the same rights as an employee or worker.

    ", + "

    You will usually be given a volunteer agreement that explains:

    ", + "
  • the level of supervision and support you\u2019ll get
    • ", + "
  • what training you\u2019ll get
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re covered under the organisation\u2019s employer or public liability insurance
    • ", + "
  • health and safety issues
    • ", + "
  • any expenses the organisation will cover
    • ", + "

    The volunteer agreement is not compulsory, but sets out what you can expect from the organisation you\u2019re volunteering for. It does not form a contract between you and the organisation.

    ", + "

    The National Council for Voluntary Organisations (NCVO) has information on volunteers\u2019 legal status.

    ", + "

    When you can volunteer

    ", + "

    Age limits

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no upper age limit on volunteering, but anyone over 70 will need to follow public health advice on volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Some organisations\u2019 insurance policies do not cover you if you\u2019re under 16 or over a certain age.

    ", + "

    You cannot work for a profit-making organisation if you\u2019re under 14, even if you\u2019re not paid.

    ", + "

    Your local council might have extra rules about the work you can do as a young person.

    ", + "

    Volunteering and benefits

    ", + "

    You can volunteer and claim benefits if:

    ", + "
  • the only money you get from volunteering is to cover expenses, like travel costs
    • ", + "
  • you continue to meet the conditions of the benefit you get
    • ", + "

    Criminal records

    ", + "

    If you have a criminal record you can still volunteer in most roles, depending on your offences. You might need a Disclosure and Barring Service check if you want to volunteer with children or vulnerable adults.

    ", + "

    Pay and expenses

    ", + "

    You are not paid for your time as a volunteer, but you may get money to cover expenses. This is usually limited to food, drink, travel or any equipment you need to buy.

    ", + "

    You may need to pay tax on your driving expenses if you get back more than you spent.

    ", + "

    You might be classed as an employee or worker rather than a volunteer if you get any other payment, reward or benefit in kind. This includes any promise of a contract or paid work in the future.

    ", + "

    You get certain employment rights if you\u2019re classed as an employee or worker, like getting the minimum wage.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus-volunteering": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus-volunteering", + "title": "Volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group. You can also help people in your local area by doing things like picking up shopping or medicines.\n\nYou may be able to volunteer:\n\n- from home\n\n- from outside your home\n\n- in a workplace\n\nA new COVID-19 variant is spreading in some parts of England. Check what you can and cannot do if you\u2019re in an area where the new variant is spreading.\n\nThis guidance is for volunteers in England. There\u2019s different guidance on:\n\n- volunteering in Scotland\n\n- volunteering in Wales\n\n- volunteering in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you run an organisation or group, or manage volunteers, find out how to involve volunteers safely.\n\n## Where you can volunteer\n\nYou should volunteer from home where possible.\n\nFollow guidance on volunteering with other people if you have to volunteer outside your home. Do not leave home if:\n\n- you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate by NHS Test and Trace\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating for any other reason\n\nIf you\u2019re volunteering in a workplace, it should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\n## If you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19\n\nYou can volunteer outside your home, if you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19 (clinically extremely vulnerable), but you should take extra steps to protect yourself. For example, reduce:\n\n- your social interactions\n\n- the time you spend in places where you cannot social distance\n\n## If you have COVID-19 symptoms\n\nDo not volunteer outside your home if you have COVID-19 symptoms or if you\u2019ve tested positive for COVID-19.\n\nYou must self-isolate from the date you started having symptoms or from the day you tested positive and for the next 10 full days - whichever is the latest.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-isolating your volunteer organisation should not ask you to leave home.\n\n## If you need to travel as a volunteer\n\nFind out how to travel safely if you\u2019re volunteering in England.\n\nCheck COVID-19 guidance in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland before you travel, if you need to volunteer in one of these countries.\n\nBefore volunteering abroad:\n\n- check if the country you\u2019re going to is accepting volunteers - read foreign travel advice to find out where you can go\n\n- read the guidance on travelling abroad during COVID-19\n\n- check if your volunteering role means you\u2019re exempt from travel restrictions\n\n- check the rules you must follow when you return to England\n\n## Ways to volunteer\n\nYou can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group, for example a charity, the NHS or a local volunteer-run group.\n\nFind out about volunteering with a charity or voluntary organisation.\n\nCheck if your local council has volunteering opportunities.\n\nYou should choose your volunteering activity based on your risk of getting seriously ill with COVID-19.\n\n## Volunteer with the NHS\n\nIf you want to help the NHS as a general volunteer, apply for the NHS volunteer responder scheme. You\u2019ll need to check if the scheme is recruiting in your area.\n\nTo volunteer in a hospital, including if you\u2019re a doctor or nurse, contact your local hospital trust.\n\nIf you want to give blood, read the guidance about donating blood during COVID-19.\n\nYou can also sign up to the NHS COVID-19 vaccine registry if you want to take part in a COVID-19 vaccine research study.\n\n## Help people in your local area\n\nYou can help others by doing activities like picking up shopping and offering support on the phone. This includes:\n\n- family, friends and neighbours who are at high risk from COVID-19 or who prefer not to go out\n\n- people who are feeling lonely or isolated\n\n- staff and volunteers in key worker roles\n\nYou can also join a mutual aid group. A mutual aid group is a local volunteer-run initiative where people come together to help each other.\n\n## Protect those you help\n\nIf you\u2019re worried about someone\u2019s health, contact the NHS or check NHS COVID-19 advice online.\n\nIf you\u2019re helping someone who\u2019s staying at home, you should follow social distancing guidelines if you do have to go indoors.\n\nIt may not always be possible to follow social distancing guidelines, for example if you\u2019re providing personal care to someone. You should consider whether the activity is essential and follow working safely guidance.\n\n## If you\u2019re helping someone who\u2019s not a friend or family member\n\nYou should show identification when you call at their home.\n\nYou should not:\n\n- ask for their credit or debit card numbers, or other financial information\n\n- take their address and phone number, unless you need it to do a task\n\n- pressure them into giving you any unnecessary information\n\nYou can find out how to help others safely on the British Red Cross website.\n\nContact the police if you think someone you\u2019re helping is being abused or neglected. Phone 999 in an emergency or 101 if the person is not in immediate danger.\n\n## Volunteering with other people\n\nWhen you volunteer, you can meet in groups of any size from different households, both indoors or outdoors. However, meeting in smaller groups can reduce the risk of coronavirus (COVID-19) spreading.\n\nYou can also meet in groups for activities like volunteer recruitment and training. This does not include meeting in groups for social activities.\n\nThe organisation or group of volunteers running the activities should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\nAs a volunteer, you should:\n\n- follow social distancing guidelines\n\n- wash your hands regularly and for 20 seconds\n\n- wear a face covering indoors\n\n- make sure indoor spaces are well ventilated with fresh air\n\nIn some volunteering roles, it may not be possible for you to follow social distancing guidelines. For example, driving a vehicle with others in it. You should consider whether the activity is essential before doing it and follow the guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\n## Volunteering in a support group\n\nYou can volunteer in a support group. Support groups should provide mutual aid, therapy or another form of support.\n\nThere cannot be more than 30 people in the support group itself. Children under 5 are not included in this limit. There\u2019s no limit to the number of volunteers.\n\nFor example, 5 volunteers could support up to 30 people in a group session, to make a group of 35 in total.\n\nFormal support groups must not be run from private homes.\n\n## Testing and vaccination\n\nFind out how to get tested for coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nIf you volunteer in an essential role and have COVID-19 symptoms, you\u2019ll be prioritised for a test.\n\n## Who can get a vaccine\n\nYou can get vaccinated if you\u2019re a volunteer in an eligible group. This includes volunteers in frontline health and social care roles.\n\nIf you qualify for a vaccine because of your age or a clinical condition, you\u2019ll be vaccinated at the same time as other people in your area.\n\nThe NHS will let you know when you can get a vaccine and how to get it.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group. You can also help people in your local area by doing things like picking up shopping or medicines.

    ", + "

    You may be able to volunteer:

    ", + "
  • from home
    • ", + "
  • from outside your home
    • ", + "
  • in a workplace
    • ", + "

    A new COVID-19 variant is spreading in some parts of England. Check what you can and cannot do if you\u2019re in an area where the new variant is spreading.

    ", + "

    This guidance is for volunteers in England. There\u2019s different guidance on:

    ", + "
  • volunteering in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • volunteering in Wales
    • ", + "
  • volunteering in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    If you run an organisation or group, or manage volunteers, find out how to involve volunteers safely.

    ", + "

    Where you can volunteer

    ", + "

    You should volunteer from home where possible.

    ", + "

    Follow guidance on volunteering with other people if you have to volunteer outside your home. Do not leave home if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate by NHS Test and Trace
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating for any other reason
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re volunteering in a workplace, it should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19

    ", + "

    You can volunteer outside your home, if you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19 (clinically extremely vulnerable), but you should take extra steps to protect yourself. For example, reduce:

    ", + "
  • your social interactions
    • ", + "
  • the time you spend in places where you cannot social distance
    • ", + "

    If you have COVID-19 symptoms

    ", + "

    Do not volunteer outside your home if you have COVID-19 symptoms or if you\u2019ve tested positive for COVID-19.

    ", + "

    You must self-isolate from the date you started having symptoms or from the day you tested positive and for the next 10 full days - whichever is the latest.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating your volunteer organisation should not ask you to leave home.

    ", + "

    If you need to travel as a volunteer

    ", + "

    Find out how to travel safely if you\u2019re volunteering in England.

    ", + "

    Check COVID-19 guidance in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland before you travel, if you need to volunteer in one of these countries.

    ", + "

    Before volunteering abroad:

    ", + "
  • check if the country you\u2019re going to is accepting volunteers - read foreign travel advice to find out where you can go
    • ", + "
  • read the guidance on travelling abroad during COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • check if your volunteering role means you\u2019re exempt from travel restrictions
    • ", + "
  • check the rules you must follow when you return to England
    • ", + "

    Ways to volunteer

    ", + "

    You can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group, for example a charity, the NHS or a local volunteer-run group.

    ", + "

    Find out about volunteering with a charity or voluntary organisation.

    ", + "

    Check if your local council has volunteering opportunities.

    ", + "

    You should choose your volunteering activity based on your risk of getting seriously ill with COVID-19.

    ", + "

    Volunteer with the NHS

    ", + "

    If you want to help the NHS as a general volunteer, apply for the NHS volunteer responder scheme. You\u2019ll need to check if the scheme is recruiting in your area.

    ", + "

    To volunteer in a hospital, including if you\u2019re a doctor or nurse, contact your local hospital trust.

    ", + "

    If you want to give blood, read the guidance about donating blood during COVID-19.

    ", + "

    You can also sign up to the NHS COVID-19 vaccine registry if you want to take part in a COVID-19 vaccine research study.

    ", + "

    Help people in your local area

    ", + "

    You can help others by doing activities like picking up shopping and offering support on the phone. This includes:

    ", + "
  • family, friends and neighbours who are at high risk from COVID-19 or who prefer not to go out
    • ", + "
  • people who are feeling lonely or isolated
    • ", + "
  • staff and volunteers in key worker roles
    • ", + "

    You can also join a mutual aid group. A mutual aid group is a local volunteer-run initiative where people come together to help each other.

    ", + "

    Protect those you help

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about someone\u2019s health, contact the NHS or check NHS COVID-19 advice online.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re helping someone who\u2019s staying at home, you should follow social distancing guidelines if you do have to go indoors.

    ", + "

    It may not always be possible to follow social distancing guidelines, for example if you\u2019re providing personal care to someone. You should consider whether the activity is essential and follow working safely guidance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re helping someone who\u2019s not a friend or family member

    ", + "

    You should show identification when you call at their home.

    ", + "

    You should not:

    ", + "
  • ask for their credit or debit card numbers, or other financial information
    • ", + "
  • take their address and phone number, unless you need it to do a task
    • ", + "
  • pressure them into giving you any unnecessary information
    • ", + "

    You can find out how to help others safely on the British Red Cross website.

    ", + "

    Contact the police if you think someone you\u2019re helping is being abused or neglected. Phone 999 in an emergency or 101 if the person is not in immediate danger.

    ", + "

    Volunteering with other people

    ", + "

    When you volunteer, you can meet in groups of any size from different households, both indoors or outdoors. However, meeting in smaller groups can reduce the risk of coronavirus (COVID-19) spreading.

    ", + "

    You can also meet in groups for activities like volunteer recruitment and training. This does not include meeting in groups for social activities.

    ", + "

    The organisation or group of volunteers running the activities should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.

    ", + "

    As a volunteer, you should:

    ", + "
  • follow social distancing guidelines
    • ", + "
  • wash your hands regularly and for 20 seconds
    • ", + "
  • wear a face covering indoors
    • ", + "
  • make sure indoor spaces are well ventilated with fresh air
    • ", + "

    In some volunteering roles, it may not be possible for you to follow social distancing guidelines. For example, driving a vehicle with others in it. You should consider whether the activity is essential before doing it and follow the guidance on working safely during COVID-19.

    ", + "

    Volunteering in a support group

    ", + "

    You can volunteer in a support group. Support groups should provide mutual aid, therapy or another form of support.

    ", + "

    There cannot be more than 30 people in the support group itself. Children under 5 are not included in this limit. There\u2019s no limit to the number of volunteers.

    ", + "

    For example, 5 volunteers could support up to 30 people in a group session, to make a group of 35 in total.

    ", + "

    Formal support groups must not be run from private homes.

    ", + "

    Testing and vaccination

    ", + "

    Find out how to get tested for coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you volunteer in an essential role and have COVID-19 symptoms, you\u2019ll be prioritised for a test.

    ", + "

    Who can get a vaccine

    ", + "

    You can get vaccinated if you\u2019re a volunteer in an eligible group. This includes volunteers in frontline health and social care roles.

    ", + "

    If you qualify for a vaccine because of your age or a clinical condition, you\u2019ll be vaccinated at the same time as other people in your area.

    ", + "

    The NHS will let you know when you can get a vaccine and how to get it.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/access-to-elected-office-fund": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/access-to-elected-office-fund", + "title": "Access to Elected Office Fund", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThis fund is currently closed. Find out if you can get help with disability-related expenses from the \u2018EnAble Fund for Elected Office\u2019 instead.\n\nYou could get a grant of between \u00a3250 and \u00a340,000 if you\u2019re disabled and standing for election to, or selection as a candidate in, the:\n\n- UK Parliament\n\n- English local government\n\n- Greater London Assembly\n\n- mayoral elections (England only)\n\n- Police and Crime Commissioner\n\n- English parish and town councils\n\nYou will not have to pay back any money you receive.\n\nThe fund is for disability-related costs you pay as part of standing for election - it does not cover general campaigning costs (like leaflets) or living costs.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThis fund is currently closed. Find out if you can get help with disability-related expenses from the \u2018EnAble Fund for Elected Office\u2019 instead.\n\nYou could get between \u00a3250 and \u00a340,000 in any calendar year (1 January to 31 December) to cover disability-related costs. For example:\n\n- transport needs (if you have difficulty using public transport)\n\n- sign language interpreters\n\n- extra travel or accommodation costs if you need a carer\n\nYou can apply more than once but together the applications must not total more than \u00a340,000 in any calendar year. Your grant can be backdated up to 2 months before the date of your offer letter.\n\nYou cannot use the money for general campaigning or living costs. Read guidance on campaign spending and donations from the Electoral Commission website.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nIf your application is successful, you must send in any original invoices or receipts for the items you listed in your application. The money will be paid after you provide proof of your spending.\n\nPayments are made on the second and last Friday of every month.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThis fund is currently closed. Find out if you can get help with disability-related expenses from the \u2018EnAble Fund for Elected Office\u2019 instead.\n\nYou can apply to the Access to Elected Office Fund if:\n\n- you\u2019re eligible to stand for election\n\n- you can prove your disability, for example with a letter from a doctor\n\n- you can prove you\u2019re involved or interested in civic, community or relevant activities, for example volunteering or student politics\n\n- your application is supported by a member of your political party, or an independent referee if you do not have a political party", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    This fund is currently closed. Find out if you can get help with disability-related expenses from the \u2018EnAble Fund for Elected Office\u2019 instead.

    ", + "

    You could get a grant of between \u00a3250 and \u00a340,000 if you\u2019re disabled and standing for election to, or selection as a candidate in, the:

    ", + "
  • UK Parliament
    • ", + "
  • English local government
    • ", + "
  • Greater London Assembly
    • ", + "
  • mayoral elections (England only)
    • ", + "
  • Police and Crime Commissioner
    • ", + "
  • English parish and town councils
    • ", + "

    You will not have to pay back any money you receive.

    ", + "

    The fund is for disability-related costs you pay as part of standing for election - it does not cover general campaigning costs (like leaflets) or living costs.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    This fund is currently closed. Find out if you can get help with disability-related expenses from the \u2018EnAble Fund for Elected Office\u2019 instead.

    ", + "

    You could get between \u00a3250 and \u00a340,000 in any calendar year (1 January to 31 December) to cover disability-related costs. For example:

    ", + "
  • transport needs (if you have difficulty using public transport)
    • ", + "
  • sign language interpreters
    • ", + "
  • extra travel or accommodation costs if you need a carer
    • ", + "

    You can apply more than once but together the applications must not total more than \u00a340,000 in any calendar year. Your grant can be backdated up to 2 months before the date of your offer letter.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the money for general campaigning or living costs. Read guidance on campaign spending and donations from the Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you must send in any original invoices or receipts for the items you listed in your application. The money will be paid after you provide proof of your spending.

    ", + "

    Payments are made on the second and last Friday of every month.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    This fund is currently closed. Find out if you can get help with disability-related expenses from the \u2018EnAble Fund for Elected Office\u2019 instead.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Access to Elected Office Fund if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re eligible to stand for election
    • ", + "
  • you can prove your disability, for example with a letter from a doctor
    • ", + "
  • you can prove you\u2019re involved or interested in civic, community or relevant activities, for example volunteering or student politics
    • ", + "
  • your application is supported by a member of your political party, or an independent referee if you do not have a political party
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/report-suspicious-emails-websites-phishing": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-suspicious-emails-websites-phishing", + "title": "Avoid and report internet scams and phishing", + "content": "## Report internet scams and phishing\n\nReport misleading websites, emails, phone numbers, phone calls or text messages you think may be suspicious.\n\nDo not give out private information (such as bank details or passwords), reply to text messages, download attachments or click on any links in emails if you\u2019re not sure they\u2019re genuine.\n\n## Suspicious emails\n\nForward the email to report@phishing.gov.uk.\n\nThe National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) will investigate it.\n\n## Text messages\n\nForward the text message to 7726 - it\u2019s free.\n\nThis will report the message to your mobile phone provider.\n\n## Adverts\n\nReport scam or misleading adverts to the Advertising Standards Authority. You can report adverts found online, including in search engines, websites or on social media.\n\nYou can also report scam or misleading adverts to Google if you found them in Google search results, or report to Bing if you found them in Bing search results.\n\n## If you think you\u2019ve been a victim of an online scam or fraud\n\nContact Action Fraud if you think you\u2019ve lost money or been hacked because of an online scam or fraud. You can:\n\n- report online - either sign up for an account or continue as a \u2018guest\u2019\n\n- call 0300 123 2040\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland and you think you\u2019ve been the victim of an online scam or fraud, report the crime to Police Scotland.\n\n## Avoid misleading government websites, emails and phone numbers\n\nSome websites, emails or phone numbers look like they\u2019re part of an official government service when they\u2019re not, or claim to help more than they actually do. Some make you pay for things that would be free or cheaper if you use the official government service.\n\nSearch on GOV.UK to find official government services and phone numbers, for example if you want to apply to the DVLA for a driving licence.\n\n## Report HMRC phishing emails, texts and phone call scams\n\nYou can report something suspicious to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019s (HMRC) phishing team, for example:\n\n- a text message (forward it to 60599 - you\u2019ll be charged at your network rate)\n\n- an email (forward it to phishing@hmrc.gov.uk)\n\n- a message in an application, for example WhatsApp - take a screenshot and forward as an email\n\n- phone calls asking for personal information or threatening a lawsuit (report a phone call)\n\nYour email address and phone number will be shared with other organisations if that\u2019s necessary to close down the scam.\n\n## If you\u2019ve given your personal details to someone\n\nContact the HMRC security team if you think you\u2019ve given any personal information in reply to a suspicious email or text.\n\nInclude brief details of what you disclosed (for example name, address, HMRC User ID, password) but do not give your personal details in the email.\n\n## Spotting HMRC scams\n\nYou\u2019ll never get an email, text message, message in an application (for example WhatsApp) or a phone call from HMRC which:\n\n- tells you about a tax rebate or penalty\n\n- asks for your personal or payment information\n\nCheck HMRC\u2019s guidance on recognising scams if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## Report visa and immigration scams\n\nYou\u2019ll never be asked to pay for a visa using:\n\n- cash\n\n- money transfer\n\nContact Action Fraud to report visa and immigration scams. You should include:\n\n- a copy of the suspicious email you received, the sender\u2019s email address and the date and time it was received\n\n- details of what you sent in a reply, if you replied - for example whether you sent your bank details, address or password\n\nYou can also report suspicious emails, letters or telephone calls to the police through Action Fraud.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Report internet scams and phishing

    ", + "

    Report misleading websites, emails, phone numbers, phone calls or text messages you think may be suspicious.

    ", + "

    Do not give out private information (such as bank details or passwords), reply to text messages, download attachments or click on any links in emails if you\u2019re not sure they\u2019re genuine.

    ", + "

    Suspicious emails

    ", + "

    Forward the email to report@phishing.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    The National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) will investigate it.

    ", + "

    Text messages

    ", + "

    Forward the text message to 7726 - it\u2019s free.

    ", + "

    This will report the message to your mobile phone provider.

    ", + "

    Adverts

    ", + "

    Report scam or misleading adverts to the Advertising Standards Authority. You can report adverts found online, including in search engines, websites or on social media.

    ", + "

    You can also report scam or misleading adverts to Google if you found them in Google search results, or report to Bing if you found them in Bing search results.

    ", + "

    If you think you\u2019ve been a victim of an online scam or fraud

    ", + "

    Contact Action Fraud if you think you\u2019ve lost money or been hacked because of an online scam or fraud. You can:

    ", + "
  • report online - either sign up for an account or continue as a \u2018guest\u2019
    • ", + "
  • call 0300 123 2040
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Scotland and you think you\u2019ve been the victim of an online scam or fraud, report the crime to Police Scotland.

    ", + "

    Avoid misleading government websites, emails and phone numbers

    ", + "

    Some websites, emails or phone numbers look like they\u2019re part of an official government service when they\u2019re not, or claim to help more than they actually do. Some make you pay for things that would be free or cheaper if you use the official government service.

    ", + "

    Search on GOV.UK to find official government services and phone numbers, for example if you want to apply to the DVLA for a driving licence.

    ", + "

    Report HMRC phishing emails, texts and phone call scams

    ", + "

    You can report something suspicious to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019s (HMRC) phishing team, for example:

    ", + "
  • a text message (forward it to 60599 - you\u2019ll be charged at your network rate)
    • ", + "
  • an email (forward it to phishing@hmrc.gov.uk)
    • ", + "
  • a message in an application, for example WhatsApp - take a screenshot and forward as an email
    • ", + "
  • phone calls asking for personal information or threatening a lawsuit (report a phone call)
    • ", + "

    Your email address and phone number will be shared with other organisations if that\u2019s necessary to close down the scam.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve given your personal details to someone

    ", + "

    Contact the HMRC security team if you think you\u2019ve given any personal information in reply to a suspicious email or text.

    ", + "

    Include brief details of what you disclosed (for example name, address, HMRC User ID, password) but do not give your personal details in the email.

    ", + "

    Spotting HMRC scams

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll never get an email, text message, message in an application (for example WhatsApp) or a phone call from HMRC which:

    ", + "
  • tells you about a tax rebate or penalty
    • ", + "
  • asks for your personal or payment information
    • ", + "

    Check HMRC\u2019s guidance on recognising scams if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    Report visa and immigration scams

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll never be asked to pay for a visa using:

    ", + "
  • cash
    • ", + "
  • money transfer
    • ", + "

    Contact Action Fraud to report visa and immigration scams. You should include:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the suspicious email you received, the sender\u2019s email address and the date and time it was received
    • ", + "
  • details of what you sent in a reply, if you replied - for example whether you sent your bank details, address or password
    • ", + "

    You can also report suspicious emails, letters or telephone calls to the police through Action Fraud.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-election-result": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-election-result", + "title": "Challenge an election result", + "content": "## When you can make a challenge\n\nYou may be able to challenge the result of an election if you think it was not run properly, for example the votes were not counted correctly or a candidate broke the law.\n\nYou can challenge a UK Parliament election if either of the following apply:\n\n- you had the right to vote in it\n\n- you were a candidate\n\nYou can challenge a local government election if either:\n\n- you\u2019re part of a group of at least 4 people who had the right to vote in the election\n\n- you were a candidate\n\n## The deadline\n\nYou must usually apply within 21 days of when:\n\n- the result of the UK Parliament election was returned to the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery\n\n- the local government election was held\n\nA judge might let you apply after 21 days if:\n\n- you think there have been corrupt or illegal practices, for example bribery\n\n- your complaint is about election expenses, for example you think the winner spent more than they were allowed\n\n## How to make a challenge\n\nTo challenge an election you must apply to the Election Petitions Office. This is called issuing an election petition.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send:\n\n- an election petition\n\n- an application to pay \u2018security for costs\u2019\n\nThe Election Petitions Office will stamp the petition before you send (\u2018serve\u2019) it to the people you\u2019re complaining about (\u2018the respondents\u2019). You can then apply to set a date for a hearing.\n\n## What to include in the petition\n\nYour petition must say:\n\n- why you\u2019re allowed to challenge the election result\n\n- the date and result of the election\n\n- the reason you\u2019re challenging the result, for example you think the votes were counted incorrectly\n\n- what you would like to happen, for example a recount\n\nFor a UK Parliament election, you must also give the date the result was given to the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery. The person who oversaw the election (the \u2018returning officer\u2019) can tell you this.\n\nYou can use a template to help you write the petition.\n\nYou must sign the petition. You cannot ask a solicitor to sign it for you. If you\u2019re part of a group, you must all sign.\n\n## Application for \u2018security for costs\u2019\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make an application to pay \u2018security for costs\u2019. This covers the cost of going to court.\n\nFill in form N244 (the \u2018application notice\u2019) and send it with your petition.\n\n## Send your challenge\n\nSend your petition and your application to pay \u2018security for costs\u2019 to the Election Petitions Office, along with your fees. The fees are:\n\n- \u00a3528 to issue a petition\n\n- \u00a3100 to apply for \u2018security for costs\u2019\n\nMake your cheque or postal order payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\nThe Election Petitions Office must receive your petition by the last day you\u2019re allowed to apply.\n\nYou can also hand in your petition in person. The Election Petitions Office is open on weekdays from 9:30am to 4:30pm.\n\nOn the last day you\u2019re allowed to apply, you can apply any time before midnight. Put your petition in the letterbox outside room E110 if the office is closed.\n\nCall the Royal Courts of Justice if you need to get access to the letterbox.\n\nYou must make a statement (\u2018swear an affidavit\u2019) the next working day in front of a solicitor or a notary public. Your statement must confirm the day and time when you put the petition in the letterbox.\n\n## Pay 'security for costs'\n\nAfter you apply, the Election Petitions Office will tell you how much to pay for \u2018security for costs\u2019. The maximum is:\n\n- \u00a35,000 for a UK Parliament election\n\n- \u00a32,500 for a local government election\n\n- \u00a31,500 for a parish council election\n\nYou can sometimes get help with court fees if you have little or no savings, are on certain benefits or have a low income.\n\nYou can pay cash or give the names of up to 4 people (\u2018sureties\u2019) who will guarantee to pay. You must do this within 3 working days of handing in the petition.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get the \u2018security for costs\u2019 back if you win the case.\n\nYou might have to pay more if you lose the case or you decide to stop it.\n\n## Serve your election petition\n\nYou should only contact the people you\u2019re complaining about (\u2018the respondents\u2019) once the Elections Petitions Office has stamped your petition. You must give (\u2018serve\u2019) them the petition within 5 working days of paying the \u2018security for costs\u2019.\n\nThe person who won the election must be one of the respondents, even if you do not think they\u2019ve done anything wrong.\n\n## What you must send\n\nSend each respondent copies of:\n\n- a letter (\u2018notice of presentation\u2019) from your solicitor if you have one\n\n- the petition you sent to the Election Petitions Office\n\n- the letter from the Election Petitions Office showing the amount of \u2018security for costs\u2019 and how you\u2019re paying (cash or guarantees)\n\n- promises (\u2018affidavits\u2019) from the people who guarantee to pay (\u2018sureties\u2019) if relevant\n\nYou must also send copies to the Director of Public Prosecutions.\n\nYou can send your documents:\n\n- in person\n\n- by first class post\n\n- through a solicitor\n\nThe court will consider documents to be served 2 days after they were posted if that\u2019s a working day, or the next working day if it is not.\n\n## What happens at the hearing and trial\n\nContact the Election Petitions Office to set the date for the hearing. You should do this within 28 days of your petition being stamped.\n\nIf you do not apply to set a date for the hearing, the respondents will have 28 days to apply themselves. They can also make other requests, for example to cancel (\u2018set aside\u2019) your petition.\n\nA judge will set a date for the hearing if you and the respondents do not apply to set one.\n\n## At the hearing and trial\n\nAt the hearing a judge can appoint a commissioner to manage your complaint. The commissioner will look at the evidence, for example by checking the voting slips.\n\nIf the commissioner thinks there should be a trial, it will normally be at a court in the constituency where you\u2019re challenging the result.\n\nAt the trial you and the respondents will each present your cases to the commissioner. Both sides can call witnesses to give evidence.\n\nIt usually takes several weeks to get a judgment. You\u2019ll be called to a meeting with the commissioner to hear the decision.\n\nYou cannot appeal the decision.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can make a challenge

    ", + "

    You may be able to challenge the result of an election if you think it was not run properly, for example the votes were not counted correctly or a candidate broke the law.

    ", + "

    You can challenge a UK Parliament election if either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you had the right to vote in it
    • ", + "
  • you were a candidate
    • ", + "

    You can challenge a local government election if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re part of a group of at least 4 people who had the right to vote in the election
    • ", + "
  • you were a candidate
    • ", + "

    The deadline

    ", + "

    You must usually apply within 21 days of when:

    ", + "
  • the result of the UK Parliament election was returned to the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery
    • ", + "
  • the local government election was held
    • ", + "

    A judge might let you apply after 21 days if:

    ", + "
  • you think there have been corrupt or illegal practices, for example bribery
    • ", + "
  • your complaint is about election expenses, for example you think the winner spent more than they were allowed
    • ", + "

    How to make a challenge

    ", + "

    To challenge an election you must apply to the Election Petitions Office. This is called issuing an election petition.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send:

    ", + "
  • an election petition
    • ", + "
  • an application to pay \u2018security for costs\u2019
    • ", + "

    The Election Petitions Office will stamp the petition before you send (\u2018serve\u2019) it to the people you\u2019re complaining about (\u2018the respondents\u2019). You can then apply to set a date for a hearing.

    ", + "

    What to include in the petition

    ", + "

    Your petition must say:

    ", + "
  • why you\u2019re allowed to challenge the election result
    • ", + "
  • the date and result of the election
    • ", + "
  • the reason you\u2019re challenging the result, for example you think the votes were counted incorrectly
    • ", + "
  • what you would like to happen, for example a recount
    • ", + "

    For a UK Parliament election, you must also give the date the result was given to the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery. The person who oversaw the election (the \u2018returning officer\u2019) can tell you this.

    ", + "

    You can use a template to help you write the petition.

    ", + "

    You must sign the petition. You cannot ask a solicitor to sign it for you. If you\u2019re part of a group, you must all sign.

    ", + "

    Application for \u2018security for costs\u2019

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make an application to pay \u2018security for costs\u2019. This covers the cost of going to court.

    ", + "

    Fill in form N244 (the \u2018application notice\u2019) and send it with your petition.

    ", + "

    Send your challenge

    ", + "

    Send your petition and your application to pay \u2018security for costs\u2019 to the Election Petitions Office, along with your fees. The fees are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3528 to issue a petition
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3100 to apply for \u2018security for costs\u2019
    • ", + "

    Make your cheque or postal order payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.

    ", + "

    The Election Petitions Office must receive your petition by the last day you\u2019re allowed to apply.

    ", + "

    You can also hand in your petition in person. The Election Petitions Office is open on weekdays from 9:30am to 4:30pm.

    ", + "

    On the last day you\u2019re allowed to apply, you can apply any time before midnight. Put your petition in the letterbox outside room E110 if the office is closed.

    ", + "

    Call the Royal Courts of Justice if you need to get access to the letterbox.

    ", + "

    You must make a statement (\u2018swear an affidavit\u2019) the next working day in front of a solicitor or a notary public. Your statement must confirm the day and time when you put the petition in the letterbox.

    ", + "

    Pay 'security for costs'

    ", + "

    After you apply, the Election Petitions Office will tell you how much to pay for \u2018security for costs\u2019. The maximum is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a35,000 for a UK Parliament election
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,500 for a local government election
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,500 for a parish council election
    • ", + "

    You can sometimes get help with court fees if you have little or no savings, are on certain benefits or have a low income.

    ", + "

    You can pay cash or give the names of up to 4 people (\u2018sureties\u2019) who will guarantee to pay. You must do this within 3 working days of handing in the petition.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the \u2018security for costs\u2019 back if you win the case.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay more if you lose the case or you decide to stop it.

    ", + "

    Serve your election petition

    ", + "

    You should only contact the people you\u2019re complaining about (\u2018the respondents\u2019) once the Elections Petitions Office has stamped your petition. You must give (\u2018serve\u2019) them the petition within 5 working days of paying the \u2018security for costs\u2019.

    ", + "

    The person who won the election must be one of the respondents, even if you do not think they\u2019ve done anything wrong.

    ", + "

    What you must send

    ", + "

    Send each respondent copies of:

    ", + "
  • a letter (\u2018notice of presentation\u2019) from your solicitor if you have one
    • ", + "
  • the petition you sent to the Election Petitions Office
    • ", + "
  • the letter from the Election Petitions Office showing the amount of \u2018security for costs\u2019 and how you\u2019re paying (cash or guarantees)
    • ", + "
  • promises (\u2018affidavits\u2019) from the people who guarantee to pay (\u2018sureties\u2019) if relevant
    • ", + "

    You must also send copies to the Director of Public Prosecutions.

    ", + "

    You can send your documents:

    ", + "
  • in person
    • ", + "
  • by first class post
    • ", + "
  • through a solicitor
    • ", + "

    The court will consider documents to be served 2 days after they were posted if that\u2019s a working day, or the next working day if it is not.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing and trial

    ", + "

    Contact the Election Petitions Office to set the date for the hearing. You should do this within 28 days of your petition being stamped.

    ", + "

    If you do not apply to set a date for the hearing, the respondents will have 28 days to apply themselves. They can also make other requests, for example to cancel (\u2018set aside\u2019) your petition.

    ", + "

    A judge will set a date for the hearing if you and the respondents do not apply to set one.

    ", + "

    At the hearing and trial

    ", + "

    At the hearing a judge can appoint a commissioner to manage your complaint. The commissioner will look at the evidence, for example by checking the voting slips.

    ", + "

    If the commissioner thinks there should be a trial, it will normally be at a court in the constituency where you\u2019re challenging the result.

    ", + "

    At the trial you and the respondents will each present your cases to the commissioner. Both sides can call witnesses to give evidence.

    ", + "

    It usually takes several weeks to get a judgment. You\u2019ll be called to a meeting with the commissioner to hear the decision.

    ", + "

    You cannot appeal the decision.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-vote": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-vote", + "title": "How to vote", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou need to be registered to vote before you can vote in UK elections or referendums.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, you can vote in person on the day of the election at a named polling station. You can also apply for a postal or proxy vote instead.\n\nFind out about voting safely during coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## Ways of voting\n\nYou can vote:\n\n- in person at a polling station\n\n- by post\n\n- by asking someone else to vote for you (voting by proxy)\n\nYou cannot vote online in any elections.\n\n## Eligibility to vote\n\nYou can vote when you\u2019re:\n\n- 18 years old in England and Northern Ireland\n\n- 16 years old in Scottish Parliament and local elections (and other elections when you\u2019re 18)\n\n- 16 years old in Welsh Parliament elections (and other elections when you\u2019re 18)\n\n## Elections you can vote in\n\nDifferent elections have different rules on who can vote.\n\n## Voting and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nElections and referendums are going ahead during coronavirus (COVID-19), though you may see changes to some processes. You can still vote in person at a polling station.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-isolating, clinically extremely vulnerable, or do not want to go to the polling station, you can vote by post or vote by proxy.\n\nYou may also be able to get an emergency proxy vote at short notice if you need to self-isolate shortly before or on election day.\n\n## At the polling station\n\nBecause of COVID-19, there will be safety measures in place at polling stations to help you vote safely (for example, a one-way system or restrictions on the number of people allowed in).\n\nIf you choose to vote in person, make sure you:\n\n- wear a face covering (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n- bring your own pen or pencil (there will be clean pencils available at the polling station if you forget to bring your own)\n\n- use the hand sanitiser provided when entering and leaving the polling station\n\n- keep to social distancing guidelines\n\n## If you have COVID-19 symptoms or have been asked to self-isolate\n\nDo not visit the polling station. Apply for an emergency proxy vote instead. Your proxy can also apply if they develop symptoms.\n\nYou can apply until 5pm on election day. There are different forms to:\n\n- apply for an emergency proxy vote in England\n\n- apply for an emergency proxy vote in Scotland\n\n- apply for an emergency proxy vote in Wales\n\n## Voting in person\n\nYou vote in person at a polling station (usually in a public building, such as a school or local hall).\n\n## Your poll card\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a poll card just before an election telling you when to vote and at which polling station. You can only vote at the polling station location on your card.\n\nIf you have not received a poll card but think you should, contact your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nYou can still vote if you\u2019ve lost your card.\n\n## When you can vote\n\nPolling stations will be open from 7am to 10pm on the day of an election (\u2018polling day\u2019).\n\n## When you get to the polling station\n\nGive your name and address to the staff inside the polling station when you arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a ballot paper containing a list of the people, parties or options you can vote for.\n\n## ID you need to bring\n\nIf you live in England, Wales or Scotland you do not need to bring any identification to vote.\n\nYou will need to show photo ID to vote in Northern Ireland (your passport, driving licence, Electoral Identity Card or certain kinds of Translink Smartpass).\n\nYou do not have to take your poll card with you.\n\n## Filling in your ballot paper\n\nFollow the instructions on the notices in the polling booth and on the top of the ballot paper to vote.\n\n## Voting if you have a disability\n\nIf you have a disability, your local Electoral Registration Office can tell you about:\n\n- physical access, for example wheelchair ramps and disabled parking spaces\n\n- low-level polling booths\n\n- equipment for voters with a visual impairment\n\nEvery polling station must provide at least one large print display version of the ballot paper and a special tactile voting device (TVD) to help people with sight loss.\n\n## Voting by post\n\nYou must apply for a postal vote if you want to vote by post, for example if:\n\n- you\u2019re away from home\n\n- you\u2019re abroad and want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales\n\nYou do not need to give a reason unless you\u2019re voting in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Apply for a postal vote\n\nYou can apply to vote by post for one of the following:\n\n- a single election on a specific date\n\n- a specific period if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- permanently\n\nArrange to vote by proxy if there are under 2 weeks until election day and you have not made arrangements.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form to apply to vote by post in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Change where your postal vote card is sent\n\nMake a new application for a postal vote if you move house or you\u2019ll be away from home when the postal vote is sent out.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form for Northern Ireland.\n\n## Completing and returning your postal vote\n\nWhen voting by post, you should:\n\n- mark your vote on your ballot paper in secret\n\n- fill in the postal voting statement\n\n- put the ballot and statement in the envelope provided\n\n- seal the envelope yourself\n\nPost your ballot back as quickly as possible to make sure it\u2019s counted.\n\n## If you\u2019re too late to post your ballot paper\n\nTake it to your local polling station by 10pm on election day, or Electoral Registration Office before they close.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, take it to your local Area Electoral Office before they close.\n\n## Replace a lost or damaged ballot paper\n\nYour ballot paper needs to clearly display your details and voting choice. If it has been damaged you need to get another one.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- ask your local Electoral Registration Office to post a replacement\n\n- collect a replacement from your local Electoral Registration Office up to 5pm on election day (or the day before in Northern Ireland)\n\nYou cannot vote at a polling station if you registered to vote by post but your ballot paper was lost or damaged.\n\n## Voting by proxy\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to vote in person you can ask someone to vote on your behalf. This is called a proxy vote.\n\nYou can only apply for a proxy vote under certain circumstances, including:\n\n- being away on polling day\n\n- having a medical issue or disability\n\n- not being able to vote in person because of work or military service\n\nYour proxy should be someone you trust to vote on your behalf. You\u2019ll need to tell them which candidate (or referendum outcome) you want to vote for.\n\n## How to apply for a proxy vote\n\nApply for a proxy vote using a paper form. You need to send it to your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nUsually, you need to apply for a proxy vote at least 6 working days before election day if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form to apply to vote by proxy in Northern Ireland. Apply at least 14 working days before election day.\n\n## Apply for an emergency proxy vote\n\nIf the proxy vote deadline has passed you may be able to apply for an emergency proxy vote if you both:\n\n- cannot vote in person because of your employment or a disability\n\n- became aware of this reason after the proxy deadline\n\nYou can apply until 5pm on the day of the election. Fill in a paper form to:\n\n- apply to vote by emergency proxy based on your employment\n\n- apply to vote by emergency proxy based on your disability\n\nAn \u2018appropriate person\u2019 (for example your employer or a doctor) must sign the application form. Send it to your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nYou can also apply for an emergency proxy vote if you or your proxy need to self-isolate because of COVID-19.\n\n## How long your proxy vote is for\n\nYou can apply to vote by proxy:\n\n- for a single election on a specific date\n\n- for a specific period if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- permanently\n\n## Who can act as a proxy\n\nYou can ask anyone to act as your proxy - as long as they:\n\n- are registered to vote\n\n- are allowed to vote in the type of election taking place\n\n- can vote in the polling station stated on your poll card\n\nIf they cannot get to your polling station, they will need to contact your local Electoral Registration Office to arrange to cast their proxy vote by post.\n\n## Change or cancel your proxy vote\n\nTo change who acts as your proxy or to start voting in person, contact your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nIf you want to vote by post instead, complete a postal vote application.\n\n## Voting from abroad\n\nHow you vote when you\u2019re abroad depends on:\n\n- whether you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily or living abroad\n\n- where you want to vote\n\n## If you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily\n\nYou can vote by post or proxy if you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily on election day, for example on holiday or a work trip.\n\n## Voting in England, Scotland or Wales\n\nYou can arrange:\n\n- to vote by post\n\n- for someone else to vote for you (vote by proxy)\n\nIf you\u2019re abroad on election day you need to make arrangements in advance. Apply to vote by proxy if the election is less than 2 weeks away and you have not made arrangements yet.\n\nYour postal ballot will be sent to the address you\u2019ve chosen no earlier than 16 days before the election. You need to return your ballot before 10pm on polling day.\n\n## Voting in Northern Ireland\n\nThere\u2019s a different process to apply to vote by post or proxy if you live in Northern Ireland and will be abroad temporarily on election day.\n\nIf you will not have time to receive and return your postal ballot in Northern Ireland before going abroad you\u2019ll need to vote by proxy. You cannot apply to have your postal vote sent outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving or living abroad\n\nYou can only vote in UK Parliament elections. You may be able to vote in referendums. Each referendum has different rules on who can vote in it.\n\nYou need to register as an overseas voter.\n\nYou can vote by post or proxy, if you\u2019re eligible. You\u2019ll be asked to make this choice when you register.\n\nYou\u2019ll then need to apply by filling in and posting one of the following:\n\n- the paper form to apply for a postal vote\n\n- the paper form to apply for a proxy vote\n\nYou can also ask for the form to be emailed or posted to you when you register online.\n\nIf you\u2019re registered in Northern Ireland, you cannot vote by post from abroad.\n\n## Get help voting\n\nYou can contact your Electoral Register Office to find out when postal votes might be sent. This could help you decide whether to vote by proxy or by post.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need to be registered to vote before you can vote in UK elections or referendums.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, you can vote in person on the day of the election at a named polling station. You can also apply for a postal or proxy vote instead.

    ", + "

    Find out about voting safely during coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Ways of voting

    ", + "

    You can vote:

    ", + "
  • in person at a polling station
    • ", + "
  • by post
    • ", + "
  • by asking someone else to vote for you (voting by proxy)
    • ", + "

    You cannot vote online in any elections.

    ", + "

    Eligibility to vote

    ", + "

    You can vote when you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • 18 years old in England and Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • 16 years old in Scottish Parliament and local elections (and other elections when you\u2019re 18)
    • ", + "
  • 16 years old in Welsh Parliament elections (and other elections when you\u2019re 18)
    • ", + "

    Elections you can vote in

    ", + "

    Different elections have different rules on who can vote.

    ", + "

    Voting and coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Elections and referendums are going ahead during coronavirus (COVID-19), though you may see changes to some processes. You can still vote in person at a polling station.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating, clinically extremely vulnerable, or do not want to go to the polling station, you can vote by post or vote by proxy.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get an emergency proxy vote at short notice if you need to self-isolate shortly before or on election day.

    ", + "

    At the polling station

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, there will be safety measures in place at polling stations to help you vote safely (for example, a one-way system or restrictions on the number of people allowed in).

    ", + "

    If you choose to vote in person, make sure you:

    ", + "
  • wear a face covering (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "
  • bring your own pen or pencil (there will be clean pencils available at the polling station if you forget to bring your own)
    • ", + "
  • use the hand sanitiser provided when entering and leaving the polling station
    • ", + "
  • keep to social distancing guidelines
    • ", + "

    If you have COVID-19 symptoms or have been asked to self-isolate

    ", + "

    Do not visit the polling station. Apply for an emergency proxy vote instead. Your proxy can also apply if they develop symptoms.

    ", + "

    You can apply until 5pm on election day. There are different forms to:

    ", + "
  • apply for an emergency proxy vote in England
    • ", + "
  • apply for an emergency proxy vote in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • apply for an emergency proxy vote in Wales
    • ", + "

    Voting in person

    ", + "

    You vote in person at a polling station (usually in a public building, such as a school or local hall).

    ", + "

    Your poll card

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a poll card just before an election telling you when to vote and at which polling station. You can only vote at the polling station location on your card.

    ", + "

    If you have not received a poll card but think you should, contact your local Electoral Registration Office.

    ", + "

    You can still vote if you\u2019ve lost your card.

    ", + "

    When you can vote

    ", + "

    Polling stations will be open from 7am to 10pm on the day of an election (\u2018polling day\u2019).

    ", + "

    When you get to the polling station

    ", + "

    Give your name and address to the staff inside the polling station when you arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a ballot paper containing a list of the people, parties or options you can vote for.

    ", + "

    ID you need to bring

    ", + "

    If you live in England, Wales or Scotland you do not need to bring any identification to vote.

    ", + "

    You will need to show photo ID to vote in Northern Ireland (your passport, driving licence, Electoral Identity Card or certain kinds of Translink Smartpass).

    ", + "

    You do not have to take your poll card with you.

    ", + "

    Filling in your ballot paper

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions on the notices in the polling booth and on the top of the ballot paper to vote.

    ", + "

    Voting if you have a disability

    ", + "

    If you have a disability, your local Electoral Registration Office can tell you about:

    ", + "
  • physical access, for example wheelchair ramps and disabled parking spaces
    • ", + "
  • low-level polling booths
    • ", + "
  • equipment for voters with a visual impairment
    • ", + "

    Every polling station must provide at least one large print display version of the ballot paper and a special tactile voting device (TVD) to help people with sight loss.

    ", + "

    Voting by post

    ", + "

    You must apply for a postal vote if you want to vote by post, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re away from home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re abroad and want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "

    You do not need to give a reason unless you\u2019re voting in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Apply for a postal vote

    ", + "

    You can apply to vote by post for one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a single election on a specific date
    • ", + "
  • a specific period if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • permanently
    • ", + "

    Arrange to vote by proxy if there are under 2 weeks until election day and you have not made arrangements.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different form to apply to vote by post in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Change where your postal vote card is sent

    ", + "

    Make a new application for a postal vote if you move house or you\u2019ll be away from home when the postal vote is sent out.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different form for Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Completing and returning your postal vote

    ", + "

    When voting by post, you should:

    ", + "
  • mark your vote on your ballot paper in secret
    • ", + "
  • fill in the postal voting statement
    • ", + "
  • put the ballot and statement in the envelope provided
    • ", + "
  • seal the envelope yourself
    • ", + "

    Post your ballot back as quickly as possible to make sure it\u2019s counted.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re too late to post your ballot paper

    ", + "

    Take it to your local polling station by 10pm on election day, or Electoral Registration Office before they close.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, take it to your local Area Electoral Office before they close.

    ", + "

    Replace a lost or damaged ballot paper

    ", + "

    Your ballot paper needs to clearly display your details and voting choice. If it has been damaged you need to get another one.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • ask your local Electoral Registration Office to post a replacement
    • ", + "
  • collect a replacement from your local Electoral Registration Office up to 5pm on election day (or the day before in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    You cannot vote at a polling station if you registered to vote by post but your ballot paper was lost or damaged.

    ", + "

    Voting by proxy

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to vote in person you can ask someone to vote on your behalf. This is called a proxy vote.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a proxy vote under certain circumstances, including:

    ", + "
  • being away on polling day
    • ", + "
  • having a medical issue or disability
    • ", + "
  • not being able to vote in person because of work or military service
    • ", + "

    Your proxy should be someone you trust to vote on your behalf. You\u2019ll need to tell them which candidate (or referendum outcome) you want to vote for.

    ", + "

    How to apply for a proxy vote

    ", + "

    Apply for a proxy vote using a paper form. You need to send it to your local Electoral Registration Office.

    ", + "

    Usually, you need to apply for a proxy vote at least 6 working days before election day if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different form to apply to vote by proxy in Northern Ireland. Apply at least 14 working days before election day.

    ", + "

    Apply for an emergency proxy vote

    ", + "

    If the proxy vote deadline has passed you may be able to apply for an emergency proxy vote if you both:

    ", + "
  • cannot vote in person because of your employment or a disability
    • ", + "
  • became aware of this reason after the proxy deadline
    • ", + "

    You can apply until 5pm on the day of the election. Fill in a paper form to:

    ", + "
  • apply to vote by emergency proxy based on your employment
    • ", + "
  • apply to vote by emergency proxy based on your disability
    • ", + "

    An \u2018appropriate person\u2019 (for example your employer or a doctor) must sign the application form. Send it to your local Electoral Registration Office.

    ", + "

    You can also apply for an emergency proxy vote if you or your proxy need to self-isolate because of COVID-19.

    ", + "

    How long your proxy vote is for

    ", + "

    You can apply to vote by proxy:

    ", + "
  • for a single election on a specific date
    • ", + "
  • for a specific period if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • permanently
    • ", + "

    Who can act as a proxy

    ", + "

    You can ask anyone to act as your proxy - as long as they:

    ", + "
  • are registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • are allowed to vote in the type of election taking place
    • ", + "
  • can vote in the polling station stated on your poll card
    • ", + "

    If they cannot get to your polling station, they will need to contact your local Electoral Registration Office to arrange to cast their proxy vote by post.

    ", + "

    Change or cancel your proxy vote

    ", + "

    To change who acts as your proxy or to start voting in person, contact your local Electoral Registration Office.

    ", + "

    If you want to vote by post instead, complete a postal vote application.

    ", + "

    Voting from abroad

    ", + "

    How you vote when you\u2019re abroad depends on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily or living abroad
    • ", + "
  • where you want to vote
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily

    ", + "

    You can vote by post or proxy if you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily on election day, for example on holiday or a work trip.

    ", + "

    Voting in England, Scotland or Wales

    ", + "

    You can arrange:

    ", + "
  • to vote by post
    • ", + "
  • for someone else to vote for you (vote by proxy)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re abroad on election day you need to make arrangements in advance. Apply to vote by proxy if the election is less than 2 weeks away and you have not made arrangements yet.

    ", + "

    Your postal ballot will be sent to the address you\u2019ve chosen no earlier than 16 days before the election. You need to return your ballot before 10pm on polling day.

    ", + "

    Voting in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process to apply to vote by post or proxy if you live in Northern Ireland and will be abroad temporarily on election day.

    ", + "

    If you will not have time to receive and return your postal ballot in Northern Ireland before going abroad you\u2019ll need to vote by proxy. You cannot apply to have your postal vote sent outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re moving or living abroad

    ", + "

    You can only vote in UK Parliament elections. You may be able to vote in referendums. Each referendum has different rules on who can vote in it.

    ", + "

    You need to register as an overseas voter.

    ", + "

    You can vote by post or proxy, if you\u2019re eligible. You\u2019ll be asked to make this choice when you register.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then need to apply by filling in and posting one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the paper form to apply for a postal vote
    • ", + "
  • the paper form to apply for a proxy vote
    • ", + "

    You can also ask for the form to be emailed or posted to you when you register online.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered in Northern Ireland, you cannot vote by post from abroad.

    ", + "

    Get help voting

    ", + "

    You can contact your Electoral Register Office to find out when postal votes might be sent. This could help you decide whether to vote by proxy or by post.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/electoral-register": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/electoral-register", + "title": "The electoral register and the 'open register'", + "content": "## Get on the electoral register\n\nThe electoral register (sometimes called the \u2018electoral roll\u2019) lists the names and addresses of everyone who\u2019s registered to vote.\n\nUse the register to vote service to:\n\n- get on the electoral register\n\n- update your details (for example change your name or address)\n\nTo check whether you\u2019re already on the register, contact:\n\n- your local Electoral Registration Office if you live in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- the Electoral Office for Northern Ireland (EONI) if you live in Northern Ireland\n\n## What happens if you do not register\n\nYou must register to vote if you\u2019re asked to do so and you meet the conditions for registering, for example you\u2019re 16 or over and you\u2019re British or a national of an EU or Commonwealth country.\n\nIf you\u2019re asked to register and do not, you could be fined.\n\nYou will not be fined if you have a valid reason for not registering, for example a long stay in hospital, or you have severe learning difficulties.\n\n## When you can register in more than one place\n\nIt\u2019s sometimes possible to register at 2 addresses (though you can only vote once in any election).\n\nFor example, if you\u2019re a student with different home and term-time addresses, you may be able to register at both.\n\nRegister to vote twice if you live at 2 addresses.\n\n## The annual canvass\n\nFrom July each year Electoral Registration Offices (EROs) contact households to check if the details on the electoral register are correct. This is called the annual canvass.\n\nYou will be contacted by post, email, phone or by someone knocking on your door.\n\n## Canvass 2021 in Northern Ireland\n\nFrom 1 July 2021, the electoral register in Northern Ireland will be renewed as part of the national canvass. If you want to vote in future elections, you must register to vote after 1 July, even if you\u2019ve registered before.\n\n## Opt out of the 'open register'\n\nThere are 2 versions of the electoral register - the full version and the \u2018open register\u2019 (known as the \u2018edited register\u2019 in Northern Ireland).\n\nIf you registered to vote anonymously your details will not appear on either version of the electoral register. You will still be able to vote.\n\n## How to opt out of the open register\n\nYou can opt out of the open register. This is the version of the register that\u2019s available to anyone who wants to buy a copy.\n\nTo opt out, either:\n\n- use the register to vote service (even if you\u2019re already registered)\n\n- contact your local Electoral Registration Office if you live in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- contact the Electoral Office for Northern Ireland (EONI) if you live in Northern Ireland\n\nOpting out does not affect your right to vote.\n\nWhen you opt out of the open register, your details will still appear on the full version of the electoral register.\n\n## The full version and what it can be used for\n\nEveryone\u2019s name and address goes on the full version of the electoral register, and you cannot opt out. This is the version of the register that\u2019s used for elections and referendums.\n\nThe full version of the register can only be used for:\n\n- electoral administration purposes (such as sending out poll cards before elections)\n\n- campaigning activities (for example, candidates and political parties sending election communications to voters, surveying opinions or fundraising)\n\n- preventing and detecting crime\n\n- checking applications for loans or credit\n\n- jury summoning in England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nYou can find out more about the difference between the open register and the electoral register.\n\n## View the electoral register\n\nContact:\n\n- your local Electoral Registration Office if you live in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- the Electoral Office for Northern Ireland (EONI) if you live in Northern Ireland\n\nThey will tell you where you can view the current electoral register (it\u2019s often available in libraries). The register will list everyone who\u2019s registered to vote in the local area.\n\n## Search historical versions of the electoral register\n\nYou can find out about historical versions of the electoral register - for example, if you want to research local or family history.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Get on the electoral register

    ", + "

    The electoral register (sometimes called the \u2018electoral roll\u2019) lists the names and addresses of everyone who\u2019s registered to vote.

    ", + "

    Use the register to vote service to:

    ", + "
  • get on the electoral register
    • ", + "
  • update your details (for example change your name or address)
    • ", + "

    To check whether you\u2019re already on the register, contact:

    ", + "
  • your local Electoral Registration Office if you live in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • the Electoral Office for Northern Ireland (EONI) if you live in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    What happens if you do not register

    ", + "

    You must register to vote if you\u2019re asked to do so and you meet the conditions for registering, for example you\u2019re 16 or over and you\u2019re British or a national of an EU or Commonwealth country.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to register and do not, you could be fined.

    ", + "

    You will not be fined if you have a valid reason for not registering, for example a long stay in hospital, or you have severe learning difficulties.

    ", + "

    When you can register in more than one place

    ", + "

    It\u2019s sometimes possible to register at 2 addresses (though you can only vote once in any election).

    ", + "

    For example, if you\u2019re a student with different home and term-time addresses, you may be able to register at both.

    ", + "

    Register to vote twice if you live at 2 addresses.

    ", + "

    The annual canvass

    ", + "

    From July each year Electoral Registration Offices (EROs) contact households to check if the details on the electoral register are correct. This is called the annual canvass.

    ", + "

    You will be contacted by post, email, phone or by someone knocking on your door.

    ", + "

    Canvass 2021 in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    From 1 July 2021, the electoral register in Northern Ireland will be renewed as part of the national canvass. If you want to vote in future elections, you must register to vote after 1 July, even if you\u2019ve registered before.

    ", + "

    Opt out of the 'open register'

    ", + "

    There are 2 versions of the electoral register - the full version and the \u2018open register\u2019 (known as the \u2018edited register\u2019 in Northern Ireland).

    ", + "

    If you registered to vote anonymously your details will not appear on either version of the electoral register. You will still be able to vote.

    ", + "

    How to opt out of the open register

    ", + "

    You can opt out of the open register. This is the version of the register that\u2019s available to anyone who wants to buy a copy.

    ", + "

    To opt out, either:

    ", + "
  • use the register to vote service (even if you\u2019re already registered)
    • ", + "
  • contact your local Electoral Registration Office if you live in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • contact the Electoral Office for Northern Ireland (EONI) if you live in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Opting out does not affect your right to vote.

    ", + "

    When you opt out of the open register, your details will still appear on the full version of the electoral register.

    ", + "

    The full version and what it can be used for

    ", + "

    Everyone\u2019s name and address goes on the full version of the electoral register, and you cannot opt out. This is the version of the register that\u2019s used for elections and referendums.

    ", + "

    The full version of the register can only be used for:

    ", + "
  • electoral administration purposes (such as sending out poll cards before elections)
    • ", + "
  • campaigning activities (for example, candidates and political parties sending election communications to voters, surveying opinions or fundraising)
    • ", + "
  • preventing and detecting crime
    • ", + "
  • checking applications for loans or credit
    • ", + "
  • jury summoning in England, Wales and Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You can find out more about the difference between the open register and the electoral register.

    ", + "

    View the electoral register

    ", + "

    Contact:

    ", + "
  • your local Electoral Registration Office if you live in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • the Electoral Office for Northern Ireland (EONI) if you live in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    They will tell you where you can view the current electoral register (it\u2019s often available in libraries). The register will list everyone who\u2019s registered to vote in the local area.

    ", + "

    Search historical versions of the electoral register

    ", + "

    You can find out about historical versions of the electoral register - for example, if you want to research local or family history.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/elections-in-the-uk": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/elections-in-the-uk", + "title": "Types of election, referendums, and who can vote", + "content": "## General election\n\nGeneral elections (elections to the UK Parliament) usually take place every 5 years.\n\nTo vote in a general election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish or qualifying Commonwealth citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in the UK (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nThere are 650 Members of Parliament (MPs) in the UK Parliament.\n\nMPs are elected using the First Past the Post system. You vote once for a candidate in your constituency and the candidate with the most votes becomes your MP.\n\nYou can find your local MP.\n\nRead more about general elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Local government\n\nLocal government elections take place at least every 4 years. Not all local government elections take place at the same time.\n\nYour local government will do one of the following:\n\n- elect all the local councillors every 4 years\n\n- elect half the local councillors every 2 years\n\n- elect one third of the local councillors every year for 3 years and hold no elections in the 4th year\n\nTo vote in a local government election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019) (16 or over in Scotland)\n\n- be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou must also be one of the following:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- an Irish or EU citizen\n\n- a qualifying Commonwealth citizen\n\n- a citizen of another country living in Scotland or Wales who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission\n\nLocal government councillors in England and Wales are elected using the First Past the Post system. You vote for one candidate in your local area and the candidate with the most votes wins.\n\nIn Scotland and Northern Ireland, councillors are elected using the Single Transferable Vote system. You rank the candidates in order of preference.\n\n## When you can vote in more than one local election\n\nIf you live in 2 different local authority areas (for example because you\u2019re a student), you may be able to vote in both areas.\n\nYou must register to vote in both areas. The local Electoral Registration Offices will check each application and tell you if you can register in both areas.\n\nRead more about local government elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Scottish Parliament\n\nThere are 129 Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs).\n\nTo vote in Scottish Parliament elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote at an address in Scotland\n\n- be 16 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou must also be one of the following:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- an Irish citizen\n\n- a citizen of another country living in Scotland who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission\n\nMSPs are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency MSP and once for an MSP to represent the wider region.\n\nRead more about the Scottish Parliament elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Northern Ireland Assembly\n\nThere are 90 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) in the Northern Ireland Assembly.\n\nTo vote in Northern Ireland Assembly elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nMLAs are elected by the Single Transferable Vote system.\n\nRead more about the Northern Ireland Assembly elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Welsh Parliament\n\nThere are 60 Members of the Senedd Cymru: Welsh Parliament (MSs).\n\nTo vote in Welsh Parliament elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 16 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- live in Wales\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nMSs are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency MS and once for an MS to represent the wider region.\n\nRead more about the Welsh Parliament on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Local mayors, Mayor of London and London Assembly\n\n## Elected local mayors\n\nIn some areas of England voters elect a mayor.\n\nCheck if your mayor is elected on your local council website.\n\nMayors are elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, then your second choice is counted.\n\nTo vote for a local mayor, you must be eligible to vote in local elections.\n\n## Mayor of London and London Assembly\n\nThe Mayor of London makes decisions on behalf of the people of London. The 25 London Assembly Members make sure the Mayor\u2019s decisions are in the interests of the public.\n\nTo vote in the London Mayor and London Assembly elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in Greater London\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nThe Mayor of London is elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, your second choice is counted.\n\nLondon Assembly members are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency member and once for a London-wide representative.\n\nThere are 14 constituency members and 11 London-wide members.\n\nRead more about the Mayor of London and London Assembly elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Police and Crime Commissioner\n\nThere are 41 Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) in England and Wales who are elected to make sure the police are run properly. There is no elected PCC for London.\n\nTo vote in a PCC election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in England or Wales (excluding London)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nPCCs are elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, your second choice is counted.\n\nRead more about Police and Crime Commissioner elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Referendums\n\nA referendum is a vote on a single issue.\n\nEach referendum has different rules on who can vote in it.\n\nTo vote in a referendum you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the referendum (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish or Commonwealth citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in the UK or Gibraltar (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou make one choice between 2 options. Votes are counted for the whole of the UK, not by constituency.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    General election

    ", + "

    General elections (elections to the UK Parliament) usually take place every 5 years.

    ", + "

    To vote in a general election you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • be a British, Irish or qualifying Commonwealth citizen
    • ", + "
  • be resident at an address in the UK (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    There are 650 Members of Parliament (MPs) in the UK Parliament.

    ", + "

    MPs are elected using the First Past the Post system. You vote once for a candidate in your constituency and the candidate with the most votes becomes your MP.

    ", + "

    You can find your local MP.

    ", + "

    Read more about general elections on The Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    Local government

    ", + "

    Local government elections take place at least every 4 years. Not all local government elections take place at the same time.

    ", + "

    Your local government will do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • elect all the local councillors every 4 years
    • ", + "
  • elect half the local councillors every 2 years
    • ", + "
  • elect one third of the local councillors every year for 3 years and hold no elections in the 4th year
    • ", + "

    To vote in a local government election you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019) (16 or over in Scotland)
    • ", + "
  • be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    You must also be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • an Irish or EU citizen
    • ", + "
  • a qualifying Commonwealth citizen
    • ", + "
  • a citizen of another country living in Scotland or Wales who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission
    • ", + "

    Local government councillors in England and Wales are elected using the First Past the Post system. You vote for one candidate in your local area and the candidate with the most votes wins.

    ", + "

    In Scotland and Northern Ireland, councillors are elected using the Single Transferable Vote system. You rank the candidates in order of preference.

    ", + "

    When you can vote in more than one local election

    ", + "

    If you live in 2 different local authority areas (for example because you\u2019re a student), you may be able to vote in both areas.

    ", + "

    You must register to vote in both areas. The local Electoral Registration Offices will check each application and tell you if you can register in both areas.

    ", + "

    Read more about local government elections on The Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    Scottish Parliament

    ", + "

    There are 129 Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs).

    ", + "

    To vote in Scottish Parliament elections you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote at an address in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • be 16 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    You must also be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • an Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • a citizen of another country living in Scotland who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission
    • ", + "

    MSPs are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency MSP and once for an MSP to represent the wider region.

    ", + "

    Read more about the Scottish Parliament elections on The Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland Assembly

    ", + "

    There are 90 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) in the Northern Ireland Assembly.

    ", + "

    To vote in Northern Ireland Assembly elections you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen
    • ", + "
  • be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    MLAs are elected by the Single Transferable Vote system.

    ", + "

    Read more about the Northern Ireland Assembly elections on The Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    Welsh Parliament

    ", + "

    There are 60 Members of the Senedd Cymru: Welsh Parliament (MSs).

    ", + "

    To vote in Welsh Parliament elections you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • be 16 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • live in Wales
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    MSs are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency MS and once for an MS to represent the wider region.

    ", + "

    Read more about the Welsh Parliament on The Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    Local mayors, Mayor of London and London Assembly

    ", + "

    Elected local mayors

    ", + "

    In some areas of England voters elect a mayor.

    ", + "

    Check if your mayor is elected on your local council website.

    ", + "

    Mayors are elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.

    ", + "

    If no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, then your second choice is counted.

    ", + "

    To vote for a local mayor, you must be eligible to vote in local elections.

    ", + "

    Mayor of London and London Assembly

    ", + "

    The Mayor of London makes decisions on behalf of the people of London. The 25 London Assembly Members make sure the Mayor\u2019s decisions are in the interests of the public.

    ", + "

    To vote in the London Mayor and London Assembly elections you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen
    • ", + "
  • be resident at an address in Greater London
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    The Mayor of London is elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.

    ", + "

    If no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, your second choice is counted.

    ", + "

    London Assembly members are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency member and once for a London-wide representative.

    ", + "

    There are 14 constituency members and 11 London-wide members.

    ", + "

    Read more about the Mayor of London and London Assembly elections on The Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    Police and Crime Commissioner

    ", + "

    There are 41 Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) in England and Wales who are elected to make sure the police are run properly. There is no elected PCC for London.

    ", + "

    To vote in a PCC election you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen
    • ", + "
  • be resident at an address in England or Wales (excluding London)
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    PCCs are elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.

    ", + "

    If no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, your second choice is counted.

    ", + "

    Read more about Police and Crime Commissioner elections on The Electoral Commission website.

    ", + "

    Referendums

    ", + "

    A referendum is a vote on a single issue.

    ", + "

    Each referendum has different rules on who can vote in it.

    ", + "

    To vote in a referendum you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "
  • be 18 or over on the day of the referendum (\u2018polling day\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • be a British, Irish or Commonwealth citizen
    • ", + "
  • be resident at an address in the UK or Gibraltar (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)
    • ", + "
  • not be legally excluded from voting
    • ", + "

    You make one choice between 2 options. Votes are counted for the whole of the UK, not by constituency.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-call-up-reserve-forces": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-call-up-reserve-forces", + "title": "Appeal a call up to the reserve forces", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals (RFAT) if:\n\n- you\u2019re in the UK reserve forces and your request for exemption from service has been turned down\n\n- you employ a reservist and your request for their exemption from service has been turned down\n\nThe tribunal must receive your appeal within 5 days of you getting the decision letter or your application will be rejected.\n\nIf you\u2019re going to miss the deadline and have a valid reason, say why when you appeal. Extensions are only granted in exceptional circumstances.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nContact RFAT or your legal representative if you have any questions about appealing. RFAT cannot give you legal advice.\n\nYou can find legal advice, including from a lawyer.\n\n## Appeal to the tribunal\n\nWrite a letter called a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 to the Secretary of Tribunals.\n\nYour letter must include:\n\n- your name, address and telephone number\n\n- a statement that it\u2019s a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019\n\n- the grounds for appealing the decision\n\n- what you want the tribunal to decide (known as the \u2018determination\u2019)\n\n- whether you want to attend the hearing\n\n- whether you\u2019ll be legally represented\n\n- the names and addresses of any witnesses you\u2019d like to give evidence at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing\n\n- all documents that were part of your application for exemption\n\n- any relevant documents that were not part of your original application - and the reasons why they were not included\n\n## Send your letter\n\nYou can email, fax, post or deliver your notice of appeal in person to:\n\n## After you send your application\n\nYou\u2019ll be told straight away when your appeal has been received.\n\nYou\u2019ll also be given:\n\n- a case name\n\n- a case number\n\n- an address for sending any further letters and documents to the tribunal\n\n- a hearing date - it\u2019ll usually be within 28 days of the tribunal getting your appeal\n\nYou\u2019ll normally find out within a week of sending your appeal:\n\n- whether the tribunal will consider your case\n\n- whether the Reserve Forces opposes the appeal and why\n\n- if the tribunal needs more information\n\nYou\u2019ll get another letter a few days before the hearing telling you what documents to bring with you, or send by post in advance.\n\n## Witnesses\n\nThe tribunal may suggest witnesses. You must contact them and make sure they appear at the hearing.\n\nThe tribunal can force witnesses to appear at the hearing if you\u2019re unable to do it yourself - the tribunal will tell you how.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou (or your legal representative) will present your case to the tribunal. An \u2018adjudication officer\u2019 will represent the Reserve Forces.\n\nBoth sides can give evidence, call witnesses, question witnesses and make statements to the tribunal.\n\nIf neither side wants to attend a hearing, a decision will be made without a hearing. This is called a \u2018paper hearing\u2019.\n\nYou and any witnesses who attend a hearing may be able to claim for expenses you have, for example accommodation or travel.\n\nHearings are usually held in public.\n\n## The tribunal\u2019s decision\n\nYou may get a decision at the end of the hearing. You\u2019ll also get a written copy sent to you.\n\nIf a decision\u2019s not made at the hearing, you\u2019ll get a letter telling you the decision within 1 month. This is known as a \u2018reserved\u2019 decision.\n\n## If you're unhappy with the decision\n\nYou cannot appeal if you lose the case.\n\nIn exceptional circumstances, you may be able to ask for the tribunal to review its decision, for example if:\n\n- new evidence becomes available\n\n- the Secretary of Tribunals made a mistake in the proceedings\n\n- someone had the right to attend the hearing but could not, and had a valid reason for doing so\n\n- something else has gone wrong that\u2019s made the process or decision unfair (known as a review \u2018in the interests of justice\u2019)\n\nYou can get legal advice, including from a lawyer if you need help.\n\nWrite to the Secretary of Tribunals within 5 days of getting the decision.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe tribunal can:\n\n- \u2018set aside\u2019 the decision - this means you\u2019ll have another hearing\n\n- change the decision\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process in:\n\n- the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals Rules 1997\n\n- Part IX of the Reserve Forces Act 1996\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on the Reserve Forces (Call-out and Recall) (Exemptions Etc.) Regulations 1997.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals (RFAT) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in the UK reserve forces and your request for exemption from service has been turned down
    • ", + "
  • you employ a reservist and your request for their exemption from service has been turned down
    • ", + "

    The tribunal must receive your appeal within 5 days of you getting the decision letter or your application will be rejected.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re going to miss the deadline and have a valid reason, say why when you appeal. Extensions are only granted in exceptional circumstances.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    Contact RFAT or your legal representative if you have any questions about appealing. RFAT cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    You can find legal advice, including from a lawyer.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the tribunal

    ", + "

    Write a letter called a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 to the Secretary of Tribunals.

    ", + "

    Your letter must include:

    ", + "
  • your name, address and telephone number
    • ", + "
  • a statement that it\u2019s a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the grounds for appealing the decision
    • ", + "
  • what you want the tribunal to decide (known as the \u2018determination\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • whether you want to attend the hearing
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ll be legally represented
    • ", + "
  • the names and addresses of any witnesses you\u2019d like to give evidence at the hearing
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing
    • ", + "
  • all documents that were part of your application for exemption
    • ", + "
  • any relevant documents that were not part of your original application - and the reasons why they were not included
    • ", + "

    Send your letter

    ", + "

    You can email, fax, post or deliver your notice of appeal in person to:

    ", + "

    After you send your application

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told straight away when your appeal has been received.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be given:

    ", + "
  • a case name
    • ", + "
  • a case number
    • ", + "
  • an address for sending any further letters and documents to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • a hearing date - it\u2019ll usually be within 28 days of the tribunal getting your appeal
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally find out within a week of sending your appeal:

    ", + "
  • whether the tribunal will consider your case
    • ", + "
  • whether the Reserve Forces opposes the appeal and why
    • ", + "
  • if the tribunal needs more information
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get another letter a few days before the hearing telling you what documents to bring with you, or send by post in advance.

    ", + "

    Witnesses

    ", + "

    The tribunal may suggest witnesses. You must contact them and make sure they appear at the hearing.

    ", + "

    The tribunal can force witnesses to appear at the hearing if you\u2019re unable to do it yourself - the tribunal will tell you how.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You (or your legal representative) will present your case to the tribunal. An \u2018adjudication officer\u2019 will represent the Reserve Forces.

    ", + "

    Both sides can give evidence, call witnesses, question witnesses and make statements to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    If neither side wants to attend a hearing, a decision will be made without a hearing. This is called a \u2018paper hearing\u2019.

    ", + "

    You and any witnesses who attend a hearing may be able to claim for expenses you have, for example accommodation or travel.

    ", + "

    Hearings are usually held in public.

    ", + "

    The tribunal\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    You may get a decision at the end of the hearing. You\u2019ll also get a written copy sent to you.

    ", + "

    If a decision\u2019s not made at the hearing, you\u2019ll get a letter telling you the decision within 1 month. This is known as a \u2018reserved\u2019 decision.

    ", + "

    If you're unhappy with the decision

    ", + "

    You cannot appeal if you lose the case.

    ", + "

    In exceptional circumstances, you may be able to ask for the tribunal to review its decision, for example if:

    ", + "
  • new evidence becomes available
    • ", + "
  • the Secretary of Tribunals made a mistake in the proceedings
    • ", + "
  • someone had the right to attend the hearing but could not, and had a valid reason for doing so
    • ", + "
  • something else has gone wrong that\u2019s made the process or decision unfair (known as a review \u2018in the interests of justice\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You can get legal advice, including from a lawyer if you need help.

    ", + "

    Write to the Secretary of Tribunals within 5 days of getting the decision.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The tribunal can:

    ", + "
  • \u2018set aside\u2019 the decision - this means you\u2019ll have another hearing
    • ", + "
  • change the decision
    • ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process in:

    ", + "
  • the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals Rules 1997
    • ", + "
  • Part IX of the Reserve Forces Act 1996
    • ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the Reserve Forces (Call-out and Recall) (Exemptions Etc.) Regulations 1997.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/upper-tribunal-immigration-asylum": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/upper-tribunal-immigration-asylum", + "title": "Appeal a decision by the immigration and asylum tribunal", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if you think there\u2019s a legal mistake with a decision made by the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber).\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get legal advice (including from a solicitor), or help from a regulated immigration adviser.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice.\n\nYou may be able to get legal aid.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\nYou may be able to get asylum support, for example housing and money, while you\u2019re waiting to find out if you\u2019ll be given asylum.\n\nContact the tribunal if you have any questions about your appeal. The tribunal can not give you legal advice.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nYou must be able to make a case for why the decision was legally wrong. For example, if the tribunal:\n\n- did not apply the correct law or wrongly interpreted the law\n\n- did not follow the correct procedures\n\n- had no evidence or not enough evidence to support its decision\n\n## Ask for permission to appeal\n\nYou must ask the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given the form to ask permission from the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) when you get your decision. Send it with a copy of the decision to the address on the form.\n\n## Deadlines for asking the First-tier Tribunal for permission to appeal\n\nYou must ask for permission to appeal within a certain period of time of getting your decision. When you must appeal by depends on whether you\u2019re inside or outside the UK.\n\n| | When you must appeal by |\n\n| You\u2019re inside the UK | 14 days after the date on the written reasons for the decisions |\n\n| You\u2019re outside the UK | 28 days after the date on the written reasons for the decisions |\n\n## Fees\n\nThere is no fee to appeal to the tribunal.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission to appeal\n\nYou can apply to the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal if the First-tier Tribunal refuses, or only gives your permission to appeal on limited grounds.\n\nDownload and fill in the Upper Tribunal permission request form and send it with the appropriate documents to the address on the form.\n\nYou must also say whether you want a hearing or not.\n\nIf your case was heard at either the Yarl\u2019s Wood or the Harmondsworth hearing centre as a Detained Immigration Appeal, send your application to the Harmondsworth hearing centre.\n\n## Deadlines for asking the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal\n\nHow long you have depends on where you are and how you received your refusal letter from the First-tier Tribunal.\n\n| | When you must appeal by |\n\n| You\u2019re inside the UK | 14 days after the date on the decision |\n\n| You\u2019re outside the UK | 1 month after the date on the decision |\n\n## Documents you must send with your application\n\nInclude copies of the following documents with your form:\n\n- the decision by the First-tier Tribunal\n\n- the \u2018notice of refusal of permission to appeal\u2019 by the First-tier Tribunal or the \u2018refusal to admit the application for permission\u2019\n\n- a statement clearly setting out your reasons for why you think the First-tier Tribunal made a mistake\n\n- any other relevant documents that you sent to the First-tier Tribunal\n\nYou also need to include any written evidence that shows why you think the First-tier Tribunal made a legal mistake.\n\nIf your application is late, you must explain in writing why it is late. The tribunal will then decide if it can review your application.\n\n## Ask for a hearing\n\nYou can ask on your application for a decision to be made either:\n\n- just on the information in your application\n\n- at a hearing that you or your representative can go to\n\nThe tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case and invited to attend if you\u2019re in the UK.\n\nIf they do not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your application.\n\n## Withdrawing your appeal\n\nOnly you or your representative can withdraw your appeal. Contact the tribunal in writing if you want to withdraw your appeal - include your appeal number. The tribunal will decide whether to give you permission to withdraw, or if the hearing will go ahead.\n\nIf your hearing is less than 7 days away, contact the hearing centre where your appeal is scheduled.\n\n## If you have a hearing\n\nYou or your representative will be told when and where your hearing will take place. You can check the daily courts lists on the day of your hearing to find out if anything has changed.\n\nYou may need to attend a pre-hearing first, where the tribunal will check that you\u2019re ready for the full hearing to take place.\n\nBring copies of all the documents that you gave to the tribunal.\n\nYou can bring a friend to represent you - ask the judge at the beginning of the hearing if this is the case.\n\n## Special requirements\n\nWrite to the Customer Enquiry Unit at least 2 weeks before your hearing if you need any special help, for example wheelchair access.\n\n## Private hearings or hearings by video\n\nHearings are usually carried out in public. If you have an important need (for example you think you\u2019ll be put in danger if you go to the hearing), you can ask:\n\n- for your name not to appear on any tribunal documents or court lists\n\n- for the tribunal to be private and not open to the public\n\n- to attend the hearing by video link\n\n## Asking for a male or female judge\n\nYou can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.\n\nMake your request as soon as possible when your apply, and no later than 7 days before the hearing.\n\n## If you cannot attend the hearing\n\nYou must attend the hearing yourself if you\u2019re in the UK. You can also bring a solicitor or regulated immigration adviser with you.\n\nIf you\u2019re not in the UK, you can ask a solicitor, regulated immigration adviser or the person who supported your application (your \u2018sponsor\u2019) to attend the hearing in your place.\n\nYou can only be represented at the hearing by a solicitor or regulated immigration adviser, your sponsor can not act on your behalf.\n\nYour sponsor can not represent you at the hearing, they can only be:\n\n- told the tribunal\u2019s decision\n\n- given information over the phone\n\nYou must write to the tribunal to tell them if your sponsor will be attending the hearing in your place. Include the case reference number of your appeal.\n\n## Children at the hearing\n\nYou can not take children into the hearing room with you. If you need to bring them to the tribunal, you\u2019ll need to bring someone to look after them.\n\n## If your appeal can not be resolved at the hearing\n\nIf your appeal is not held on its scheduled day for any reason (for example there is not a judge available) it\u2019ll be \u2018adjourned\u2019 and rescheduled for another day.\n\nYour hearing may also be adjourned as \u2018part heard\u2019 if there is not enough time to finish it, or it can not be resolved on the day, for example because more evidence is needed.\n\nThe tribunal will arrange another hearing with the same people present.\n\n## The tribunal's decision\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get your decision in writing in 28 days.\n\n## If you win your appeal\n\nIf the Upper Tribunal decides that a mistake was made it can:\n\n- overrule the decision and make its own judgement\n\n- order the First-tier Tribunal to hear the case again\n\nThe Home Office can appeal the decision of the tribunal.\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYou may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal mistake made by the tribunal.\n\nGet legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.\n\n## Ask for permission\n\nYou must write to the upper tribunal and ask for permission before you appeal. How long you have to do this depends on where you are and how you received your decision.\n\n| | Refusal letter by post | Refusal by email or delivered personally |\n\n| You\u2019re inside the UK | 12 working days | 10 working days |\n\n| You\u2019re outside the UK | 38 days | 10 days |\n\nOnce you have permission, you should appeal to the relevant higher court:\n\n- The Court of Appeal in England and Wales\n\n- The Court of Session in Scotland\n\n- The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland\n\nYou must do this within:\n\n- 28 days of being given permission (England and Wales)\n\n- 42 days of being given permission (Scotland)\n\n- 21 days of being given permission (Northern Ireland)\n\nYou may have to pay court fees and the other party\u2019s costs.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission\n\nYou can ask the relevant higher court for permission.\n\nYou must do this within:\n\n- 28 days of being refused permission (England and Wales)\n\n- 42 days of being refused permission (Scotland)\n\n- 21 days of being refused permission (Northern Ireland)\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) must follow the rules and process in the The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008.\n\nThe tribunal has issued additional guidance on certain issues:\n\n- practice statements\n\n- practice directions\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on legislation, including the:\n\n- Immigration Act 1971\n\n- Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002\n\n- Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006\n\n- Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007\n\n- UK Borders Act 2007\n\n- Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009\n\n- Immigration Rules\n\n- Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2006\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nYou can search for decisions made in other cases.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if you think there\u2019s a legal mistake with a decision made by the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber).

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice (including from a solicitor), or help from a regulated immigration adviser.

    ", + "

    You can also contact Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get legal aid.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get asylum support, for example housing and money, while you\u2019re waiting to find out if you\u2019ll be given asylum.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal if you have any questions about your appeal. The tribunal can not give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    You must be able to make a case for why the decision was legally wrong. For example, if the tribunal:

    ", + "
  • did not apply the correct law or wrongly interpreted the law
    • ", + "
  • did not follow the correct procedures
    • ", + "
  • had no evidence or not enough evidence to support its decision
    • ", + "

    Ask for permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You must ask the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given the form to ask permission from the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) when you get your decision. Send it with a copy of the decision to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Deadlines for asking the First-tier Tribunal for permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You must ask for permission to appeal within a certain period of time of getting your decision. When you must appeal by depends on whether you\u2019re inside or outside the UK.

    ", + " | When you must appeal by", + "You\u2019re inside the UK | 14 days after the date on the written reasons for the decisions", + "You\u2019re outside the UK | 28 days after the date on the written reasons for the decisions", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There is no fee to appeal to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal if the First-tier Tribunal refuses, or only gives your permission to appeal on limited grounds.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the Upper Tribunal permission request form and send it with the appropriate documents to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You must also say whether you want a hearing or not.

    ", + "

    If your case was heard at either the Yarl\u2019s Wood or the Harmondsworth hearing centre as a Detained Immigration Appeal, send your application to the Harmondsworth hearing centre.

    ", + "

    Deadlines for asking the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal

    ", + "

    How long you have depends on where you are and how you received your refusal letter from the First-tier Tribunal.

    ", + " | When you must appeal by", + "You\u2019re inside the UK | 14 days after the date on the decision", + "You\u2019re outside the UK | 1 month after the date on the decision", + "

    Documents you must send with your application

    ", + "

    Include copies of the following documents with your form:

    ", + "
  • the decision by the First-tier Tribunal
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018notice of refusal of permission to appeal\u2019 by the First-tier Tribunal or the \u2018refusal to admit the application for permission\u2019
    • ", + "
  • a statement clearly setting out your reasons for why you think the First-tier Tribunal made a mistake
    • ", + "
  • any other relevant documents that you sent to the First-tier Tribunal
    • ", + "

    You also need to include any written evidence that shows why you think the First-tier Tribunal made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    If your application is late, you must explain in writing why it is late. The tribunal will then decide if it can review your application.

    ", + "

    Ask for a hearing

    ", + "

    You can ask on your application for a decision to be made either:

    ", + "
  • just on the information in your application
    • ", + "
  • at a hearing that you or your representative can go to
    • ", + "

    The tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case and invited to attend if you\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    If they do not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your application.

    ", + "

    Withdrawing your appeal

    ", + "

    Only you or your representative can withdraw your appeal. Contact the tribunal in writing if you want to withdraw your appeal - include your appeal number. The tribunal will decide whether to give you permission to withdraw, or if the hearing will go ahead.

    ", + "

    If your hearing is less than 7 days away, contact the hearing centre where your appeal is scheduled.

    ", + "

    If you have a hearing

    ", + "

    You or your representative will be told when and where your hearing will take place. You can check the daily courts lists on the day of your hearing to find out if anything has changed.

    ", + "

    You may need to attend a pre-hearing first, where the tribunal will check that you\u2019re ready for the full hearing to take place.

    ", + "

    Bring copies of all the documents that you gave to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    You can bring a friend to represent you - ask the judge at the beginning of the hearing if this is the case.

    ", + "

    Special requirements

    ", + "

    Write to the Customer Enquiry Unit at least 2 weeks before your hearing if you need any special help, for example wheelchair access.

    ", + "

    Private hearings or hearings by video

    ", + "

    Hearings are usually carried out in public. If you have an important need (for example you think you\u2019ll be put in danger if you go to the hearing), you can ask:

    ", + "
  • for your name not to appear on any tribunal documents or court lists
    • ", + "
  • for the tribunal to be private and not open to the public
    • ", + "
  • to attend the hearing by video link
    • ", + "

    Asking for a male or female judge

    ", + "

    You can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.

    ", + "

    Make your request as soon as possible when your apply, and no later than 7 days before the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you cannot attend the hearing

    ", + "

    You must attend the hearing yourself if you\u2019re in the UK. You can also bring a solicitor or regulated immigration adviser with you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not in the UK, you can ask a solicitor, regulated immigration adviser or the person who supported your application (your \u2018sponsor\u2019) to attend the hearing in your place.

    ", + "

    You can only be represented at the hearing by a solicitor or regulated immigration adviser, your sponsor can not act on your behalf.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can not represent you at the hearing, they can only be:

    ", + "
  • told the tribunal\u2019s decision
    • ", + "
  • given information over the phone
    • ", + "

    You must write to the tribunal to tell them if your sponsor will be attending the hearing in your place. Include the case reference number of your appeal.

    ", + "

    Children at the hearing

    ", + "

    You can not take children into the hearing room with you. If you need to bring them to the tribunal, you\u2019ll need to bring someone to look after them.

    ", + "

    If your appeal can not be resolved at the hearing

    ", + "

    If your appeal is not held on its scheduled day for any reason (for example there is not a judge available) it\u2019ll be \u2018adjourned\u2019 and rescheduled for another day.

    ", + "

    Your hearing may also be adjourned as \u2018part heard\u2019 if there is not enough time to finish it, or it can not be resolved on the day, for example because more evidence is needed.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will arrange another hearing with the same people present.

    ", + "

    The tribunal's decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally get your decision in writing in 28 days.

    ", + "

    If you win your appeal

    ", + "

    If the Upper Tribunal decides that a mistake was made it can:

    ", + "
  • overrule the decision and make its own judgement
    • ", + "
  • order the First-tier Tribunal to hear the case again
    • ", + "

    The Home Office can appeal the decision of the tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you lose your appeal

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal mistake made by the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Get legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.

    ", + "

    Ask for permission

    ", + "

    You must write to the upper tribunal and ask for permission before you appeal. How long you have to do this depends on where you are and how you received your decision.

    ", + " | Refusal letter by post | Refusal by email or delivered personally", + "You\u2019re inside the UK | 12 working days | 10 working days", + "You\u2019re outside the UK | 38 days | 10 days", + "

    Once you have permission, you should appeal to the relevant higher court:

    ", + "
  • The Court of Appeal in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • The Court of Session in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You must do this within:

    ", + "
  • 28 days of being given permission (England and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • 42 days of being given permission (Scotland)
    • ", + "
  • 21 days of being given permission (Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay court fees and the other party\u2019s costs.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission

    ", + "

    You can ask the relevant higher court for permission.

    ", + "

    You must do this within:

    ", + "
  • 28 days of being refused permission (England and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • 42 days of being refused permission (Scotland)
    • ", + "
  • 21 days of being refused permission (Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) must follow the rules and process in the The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008.

    ", + "

    The tribunal has issued additional guidance on certain issues:

    ", + "
  • practice statements
    • ", + "
  • practice directions
    • ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on legislation, including the:

    ", + "
  • Immigration Act 1971
    • ", + "
  • Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002
    • ", + "
  • Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006
    • ", + "
  • Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007
    • ", + "
  • UK Borders Act 2007
    • ", + "
  • Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009
    • ", + "
  • Immigration Rules
    • ", + "
  • Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2006
    • ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    You can search for decisions made in other cases.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-magistrates-court-decision": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-magistrates-court-decision", + "title": "Appeal a magistrates\u2019 court decision", + "content": "## What you can appeal\n\nYou can appeal to the magistrates\u2019 court against your:\n\n- sentence, if you pleaded guilty\n\n- conviction and sentence, if you pleaded not guilty\n\nYou should talk to your legal representative (if you have one) or get help from a legal adviser before you appeal.\n\n## Ask the court to reconsider a decision\n\nIf you think the decision was wrong, you can ask the court to reconsider a sentence or conviction. For example, if there was a serious mistake or the court did not follow the right steps.\n\nIf you disagree with the decision but there has been no mistake you will normally need to appeal to the Crown Court.\n\n## If you did not know about your court case\n\nIf you did not know about your case before a decision was made, you can make a statutory declaration to a magistrates\u2019 court to reopen your case.\n\n## Change the amount you\u2019ve been fined\n\nYou can ask the court to change the amount you\u2019ve been fined if:\n\n- your financial circumstances have changed\n\n- the court did not know your income at the time of your conviction\n\n## Ask the court to reconsider a decision\n\nYou can ask the court to reconsider your conviction, sentence or court order if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, for example if the court did not:\n\n- give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts\n\n- apply the law properly\n\nThis is different to making an appeal to the Crown Court.\n\nIf you pleaded guilty, you cannot ask the court to reconsider your conviction.\n\n## How to get a decision reconsidered\n\nSubmit your request as early as possible by writing to the magistrates\u2019 court where you had your hearing.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- information about your conviction, sentence or court order\n\n- why you think the decision should change\n\n- what the conviction, sentence or order should be changed to\n\nSend a copy of your application to the prosecutor\u2019s office (you can find the address of the prosecutor by contacting\nthe magistrates\u2019 court where you were convicted).\n\nThe court will decide if a hearing is needed.\n\n## If you did not know about your case\n\nIf a magistrates\u2019 court convicted you without you knowing, you can make a statutory declaration before a magistrates\u2019 court or to a commissioner for oaths (for example a solicitor).\n\nIf the court accepts your declaration they will start the proceedings again. Your conviction or sentence will no longer apply.\n\n## When to make your declaration\n\nYou must give your completed declaration to the court within 21 days of finding out about your case.\n\nIf you want to give a declaration after 21 days, you\u2019ll have to ask the court if they\u2019ll accept it.\n\n## Making a statutory declaration\n\n- Download a statutory declaration (called an ignorance of proceedings form) or ask for a copy at your local magistrates\u2019 court.\n\n- Fill out the form telling the court when and how you heard about your court case. You\u2019ll need to provide details of your case, including where your hearing was held and on what date.\n\n- Arrange an appointment to make your statutory declaration before a solicitor or any magistrates\u2019 court.\n\n- Sign and date your form.\n\n- Give your declaration to the court or ask your solicitor to do it.\n\nIf your case was decided by a magistrate without a hearing, you\u2019ll need to give a written plea (or a completed single justice procedure notice if you have one) to the court or your solicitor along with your statutory declaration.\n\n## Get a fine reviewed\n\nYou can ask the court to change a fine if:\n\n- your financial circumstances have changed\n\n- the court did not know your income when they convicted you\n\nYour original conviction or record of your offence will not change.\n\n## How to ask for a review\n\nWrite to the court or go to your court hearing with evidence of your income and living expenses.\n\nIf your income has changed since you were sentenced you need to also provide your income on the date you were sentenced.\n\nYou can ask your legal adviser if you\u2019re not sure what documents you need.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe court will decide if the decision should be reconsidered.\n\nYou may need to attend court for another hearing. They\u2019ll let you know when the hearing will take place.\n\n## Appeal to the Crown Court\n\nIf you disagree with a decision but there has been no mistake you can appeal to the Crown Court.\n\nDownload and fill in the \u2018Appeal to the Crown Court\u2019 form that relates to your crime or sentence. Send the form by post or email. The address is on the form.\n\nIf you were convicted at a magistrates\u2019 court but sentenced at a Crown Court, follow the rules for appealing a Crown Court decision.\n\nIf you pleaded guilty, you can only appeal against your sentence.\n\n## When to appeal\n\nYou must appeal within 21 days of the date you were sentenced.\n\nIf you want to appeal after 21 days, you\u2019ll have to ask the Crown Court for permission before you can appeal. The magistrates\u2019 court where you were sentenced will tell you how to do this.\n\nTalk to your legal representative (if you have one) or get help from a legal adviser before you appeal.\n\n## The court hearing\n\nThe Crown Court will make a decision on your appeal at a hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter within 80 days of making your appeal to let you know when and where the hearing will take place.\n\nThe hearing is usually held at your nearest Crown Court.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll have the chance to present your case to the judge and magistrates. Representatives from the prosecution will present the case against you.\n\nThe judge might also ask you questions during the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told whether you\u2019ve won your appeal at the hearing. You\u2019ll also be sent a copy of the judge\u2019s decision by post.\n\n## Stopping your appeal\n\nYou can apply to stop your appeal before the hearing. Your appeal cannot be restarted once it\u2019s been stopped.\n\nSend a \u2018notice of abandonment of appeal\u2019 to the magistrates\u2019 court where you sent your appeal and the Crown Court where your hearing will take place.\n\nYou must also send a copy to any other parties involved in the case, for example a prosecutor.\n\n## If you win your appeal\n\nIf you win your appeal against your conviction, your sentence will no longer apply. You might be able to apply to get compensation.\n\nIf you win your appeal against your sentence, it will be reduced.\n\nThe court might decide you can get some of your legal costs paid back, for example your solicitor\u2019s fee.\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYour original sentence or conviction might change.\n\nCheck with your legal adviser if you can appeal again. You might have to pay extra costs if you do.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What you can appeal

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the magistrates\u2019 court against your:

    ", + "
  • sentence, if you pleaded guilty
    • ", + "
  • conviction and sentence, if you pleaded not guilty
    • ", + "

    You should talk to your legal representative (if you have one) or get help from a legal adviser before you appeal.

    ", + "

    Ask the court to reconsider a decision

    ", + "

    If you think the decision was wrong, you can ask the court to reconsider a sentence or conviction. For example, if there was a serious mistake or the court did not follow the right steps.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the decision but there has been no mistake you will normally need to appeal to the Crown Court.

    ", + "

    If you did not know about your court case

    ", + "

    If you did not know about your case before a decision was made, you can make a statutory declaration to a magistrates\u2019 court to reopen your case.

    ", + "

    Change the amount you\u2019ve been fined

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to change the amount you\u2019ve been fined if:

    ", + "
  • your financial circumstances have changed
    • ", + "
  • the court did not know your income at the time of your conviction
    • ", + "

    Ask the court to reconsider a decision

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to reconsider your conviction, sentence or court order if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, for example if the court did not:

    ", + "
  • give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts
    • ", + "
  • apply the law properly
    • ", + "

    This is different to making an appeal to the Crown Court.

    ", + "

    If you pleaded guilty, you cannot ask the court to reconsider your conviction.

    ", + "

    How to get a decision reconsidered

    ", + "

    Submit your request as early as possible by writing to the magistrates\u2019 court where you had your hearing.

    ", + "

    You must include:

    ", + "
  • information about your conviction, sentence or court order
    • ", + "
  • why you think the decision should change
    • ", + "
  • what the conviction, sentence or order should be changed to
    • ", + "

    Send a copy of your application to the prosecutor\u2019s office (you can find the address of the prosecutor by contacting\nthe magistrates\u2019 court where you were convicted).

    ", + "

    The court will decide if a hearing is needed.

    ", + "

    If you did not know about your case

    ", + "

    If a magistrates\u2019 court convicted you without you knowing, you can make a statutory declaration before a magistrates\u2019 court or to a commissioner for oaths (for example a solicitor).

    ", + "

    If the court accepts your declaration they will start the proceedings again. Your conviction or sentence will no longer apply.

    ", + "

    When to make your declaration

    ", + "

    You must give your completed declaration to the court within 21 days of finding out about your case.

    ", + "

    If you want to give a declaration after 21 days, you\u2019ll have to ask the court if they\u2019ll accept it.

    ", + "

    Making a statutory declaration

    ", + "
  • Download a statutory declaration (called an ignorance of proceedings form) or ask for a copy at your local magistrates\u2019 court.
    • ", + "
  • Fill out the form telling the court when and how you heard about your court case. You\u2019ll need to provide details of your case, including where your hearing was held and on what date.
    • ", + "
  • Arrange an appointment to make your statutory declaration before a solicitor or any magistrates\u2019 court.
    • ", + "
  • Sign and date your form.
    • ", + "
  • Give your declaration to the court or ask your solicitor to do it.
    • ", + "

    If your case was decided by a magistrate without a hearing, you\u2019ll need to give a written plea (or a completed single justice procedure notice if you have one) to the court or your solicitor along with your statutory declaration.

    ", + "

    Get a fine reviewed

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to change a fine if:

    ", + "
  • your financial circumstances have changed
    • ", + "
  • the court did not know your income when they convicted you
    • ", + "

    Your original conviction or record of your offence will not change.

    ", + "

    How to ask for a review

    ", + "

    Write to the court or go to your court hearing with evidence of your income and living expenses.

    ", + "

    If your income has changed since you were sentenced you need to also provide your income on the date you were sentenced.

    ", + "

    You can ask your legal adviser if you\u2019re not sure what documents you need.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The court will decide if the decision should be reconsidered.

    ", + "

    You may need to attend court for another hearing. They\u2019ll let you know when the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the Crown Court

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision but there has been no mistake you can appeal to the Crown Court.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the \u2018Appeal to the Crown Court\u2019 form that relates to your crime or sentence. Send the form by post or email. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    If you were convicted at a magistrates\u2019 court but sentenced at a Crown Court, follow the rules for appealing a Crown Court decision.

    ", + "

    If you pleaded guilty, you can only appeal against your sentence.

    ", + "

    When to appeal

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 21 days of the date you were sentenced.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal after 21 days, you\u2019ll have to ask the Crown Court for permission before you can appeal. The magistrates\u2019 court where you were sentenced will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Talk to your legal representative (if you have one) or get help from a legal adviser before you appeal.

    ", + "

    The court hearing

    ", + "

    The Crown Court will make a decision on your appeal at a hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter within 80 days of making your appeal to let you know when and where the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    The hearing is usually held at your nearest Crown Court.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have the chance to present your case to the judge and magistrates. Representatives from the prosecution will present the case against you.

    ", + "

    The judge might also ask you questions during the hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told whether you\u2019ve won your appeal at the hearing. You\u2019ll also be sent a copy of the judge\u2019s decision by post.

    ", + "

    Stopping your appeal

    ", + "

    You can apply to stop your appeal before the hearing. Your appeal cannot be restarted once it\u2019s been stopped.

    ", + "

    Send a \u2018notice of abandonment of appeal\u2019 to the magistrates\u2019 court where you sent your appeal and the Crown Court where your hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    You must also send a copy to any other parties involved in the case, for example a prosecutor.

    ", + "

    If you win your appeal

    ", + "

    If you win your appeal against your conviction, your sentence will no longer apply. You might be able to apply to get compensation.

    ", + "

    If you win your appeal against your sentence, it will be reduced.

    ", + "

    The court might decide you can get some of your legal costs paid back, for example your solicitor\u2019s fee.

    ", + "

    If you lose your appeal

    ", + "

    Your original sentence or conviction might change.

    ", + "

    Check with your legal adviser if you can appeal again. You might have to pay extra costs if you do.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-asylum-tribunal": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-asylum-tribunal", + "title": "Appeal against a visa or immigration decision", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if the Home Office has decided to:\n\n- refuse your protection claim (also known as \u2018asylum claim\u2019 or \u2018humanitarian protection\u2019)\n\n- revoke your protection status\n\n- refuse your human rights claim\n\n- refuse you a residence document or deport you under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016\n\n- revoke your British citizenship\n\n- refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- refuse or revoke your travel permit or family permit under the EU Settlement Scheme or restrict your rights to enter or leave the UK under those permits\n\n- refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker\n\n- refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re an S2 healthcare visitor\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nIf you do not have the right to appeal, you might be able to ask the Home Office for an administrative review.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nHow you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.\n\n## If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser\n\nFor most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\nYou must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser\n\nFind out how to appeal from:\n\n- within the UK\n\n- outside the UK\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to appeal if you made your application before 6 April 2015.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get help and advice from a solicitor or an immigration adviser.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\nYou may be able to get asylum support (such as housing and money) if you\u2019ve been refused asylum.\n\nContact the tribunal if you have any questions about your appeal. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## Urgent appeal applications\n\nYou need to write to the tribunal with:\n\n- the reason why your case should be heard urgently\n\n- evidence of compelling or compassionate grounds, for example letters from a doctor or hospital\n\nYou should write \u2018expedite requests\u2019 on the top of any documents you send with your application.\n\nA judge will review your evidence and decide whether your application should be heard sooner than usual.\n\nYour application will only be reviewed if you\u2019ve paid your tribunal fee (if you need to pay one).\n\n## Where to send your application\n\nSend your reasons for the urgent appeal and evidence to the tribunal.\n\nContact the tribunal to check if your application has been received.\n\n## If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful\n\nYou can apply again for the EU Settlement Scheme, Frontier Worker permit or S2 Healthcare Visitor visa for free if you have new evidence to submit.\n\nOr you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.\n\nYou can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:\n\n- 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## Appeal from within the UK\n\nYou can only appeal to the tribunal if you have the legal right to appeal - you\u2019ll usually be told if you do in your decision letter.\n\nTalk to a solicitor or an immigration adviser if you\u2019re not sure.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\nYour decision letter will usually tell you if you can apply for an administrative review if you do not have the right to appeal.\n\nThe administrative review process is different if you applied for the EU Settlement Scheme, a Frontier Worker permit, or an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nHow you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.\n\n## If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser\n\nFor most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\nYou must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser\n\nYou have 14 days to appeal from the date the decision was sent.\n\nIf you apply after the deadline, you must explain why - the tribunal will decide if it can still hear your appeal.\n\nYou can appeal later if your administrative review was unsuccessful for a EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application. Your administrative review decision will tell you how to appeal.\n\nApply online if you can - online appeals are quicker than post or fax appeals.\n\n| What you\u2019re appealing | How you can appeal |\n\n| A decision to refuse your human rights claim or protection claim while you\u2019re in the UK | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to revoke your protection status | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse you a residence document or deport you, under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016 | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your family permit or travel permit under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re on a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision where you\u2019ve been detained in an Immigration detention centre and your decision letter was sent by the Home Office | By post or fax with form IAFT-DIA |\n\n| A decision where you\u2019ve been detained in prison and your decision letter was sent by the Home Office. | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to remove your British citizenship | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| Certain decisions about applications submitted before 6 April 2015 | Online or by post or fax with the relevant form |\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing by post or fax, download and fill in the relevant form. Send or fax it with copies of the documents that support your appeal to the address on the form.\n\n## Ask for an oral hearing\n\nYou can ask on your appeal form for a decision to be made either:\n\n- just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal\n\n- at a hearing that you and your representative can attend\n\nThe tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case and invited to attend.\n\nIf the tribunal does not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your appeal form and the documents.\n\nHearings are carried out in public. You can ask for it to be held in private or to attend by video link, but you must have a reason, for example a public hearing would put you in danger.\n\nYou can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.\n\n## Special requirements\n\nContact the Customer Enquiry Unit before your hearing if you need any special help, for example you need wheelchair access.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a380 without a hearing\n\n- \u00a3140 with a hearing\n\nYou may not have to pay if you:\n\n- get asylum support\n\n- get legal aid\n\n- get services from your local council and you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou can also get help with court fees if any of the following apply:\n\n- you have little or no savings\n\n- you\u2019re on certain benefits\n\n- you have a low income\n\nRead the tribunal fees guidance for more information.\n\nContact the tribunal if you\u2019re unsure if you have to pay a fee.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay your fee with a credit or debit card when you make your appeal online or by including your details on your appeal form.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already made your appeal you can also pay your fee online.\n\n## If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful\n\nIf you have new evidence to submit, you can:\n\n- apply for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- apply for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- apply for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nOr you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.\n\nYou can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:\n\n- 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## Appeal from outside the UK\n\nYou can only appeal to the tribunal if you have the legal right to appeal - you\u2019ll usually be told if you do in your decision letter.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been refused a tier 1, 2, 4 or 5 visa you will be able to ask for the decision to be reviewed at an administrative review - your refusal letter will usually tell you if you can.\n\nThe administrative review process is different if you applied for the EU Settlement Scheme, a Frontier Worker permit, or an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa.\n\nTalk to a solicitor or an immigration adviser if you\u2019re unsure whether you can appeal.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nHow you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.\n\n## If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser\n\nFor most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\nYou must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser\n\nYou have 28 days to appeal after you get your decision. If you have to leave the country before you\u2019re allowed to appeal, you have 28 days to appeal once you\u2019ve left the country.\n\nIf you apply after the deadline, you must explain why - the tribunal will decide if it can still hear your appeal.\n\nYou can appeal later if your administrative review was unsuccessful for a EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application. Your administrative review decision will tell you how to appeal.\n\nApply online if you can - online appeals are quicker than post or fax appeals.\n\n| What you\u2019re appealing | How you can appeal |\n\n| A decision to refuse a human rights claim for entry clearance | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6 |\n\n| A decision to refuse a human rights claim or protection claim (where you can only apply after you\u2019ve left the country) | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-7 |\n\n| A decision to refuse you a residence document or deport you, under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016 | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your family permit or travel permit under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re on a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| Certain decisions about applications submitted before 6 April 2015 | Online or by post or fax with the relevant form |\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing by post or fax, download and fill in the relevant form. Send or fax it with copies of the documents that support your appeal to the address on the form.\n\n## Ask for an oral hearing\n\nYou can ask on your appeal form for a decision to be made either:\n\n- just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal\n\n- at a hearing that your representatives can attend\n\nThe tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case.\n\nIf the tribunal does not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your appeal form and documents.\n\nHearings are carried out in public. You can ask for it to be held in private or to attend by video link, but you must have a reason, for example a public hearing would put you in danger.\n\nYou can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.\n\n## Special requirements\n\nContact the Customer Enquiry Unit before your hearing if any special help is needed, for example someone attending on your behalf needs wheelchair access.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a380 without a hearing\n\n- \u00a3140 with a hearing\n\nYou may not have to pay if you get legal aid.\n\nRead the tribunal fees guidance for more information.\n\nContact the tribunal if you\u2019re not sure if you have to pay a fee.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay your fee with a credit or debit card when you make your appeal online or by including your details on your appeal form.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already made your appeal you can also pay your fee online.\n\n## If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful\n\nIf you have new evidence to submit, you can:\n\n- apply for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- apply for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- apply for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nOr you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.\n\nYou can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:\n\n- 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## Applications made before 6 April 2015\n\nYou might be able to appeal against a decision made by the Home Office if you submitted your application before 6 April 2015 and it was refused.\n\n## Tier 1, 2 or 5 migrants and family members\n\nYou can make an appeal if you applied for leave to remain as a Tier 1, 2 or 5 migrant or family member before 2 March 2015 and your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015.\n\nYou can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.\n\nAppeal online or by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Tier 4 migrants and family members\n\nYou can make an appeal if you applied for permission to remain as a Tier 4 migrant or family member before 20 October 2014 and your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015.\n\nYou can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.\n\nAppeal online or by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Other decisions\n\nYou can appeal against certain other Home Office decisions if you applied before 6 April 2015 and your application was refused on or after the same date.\n\nYou can only do this if the Home Office\u2019s decision did not include refusing an asylum or human rights claim.\n\n## Leave to enter\n\nYou can appeal online if your application for leave to enter was refused.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Vary your leave to enter or remain\n\nYou can appeal online if your application to change (\u2018vary\u2019) the length and conditions of your stay in the UK was refused. You can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Entry clearance\n\nYou can appeal online if your application for entry clearance was refused.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with form IAFT-2.\n\n## Certificate of entitlement\n\nYou can appeal online if your application for a certificate of entitlement to prove you have a right of abode in the UK was refused.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## If there's a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or email with details of how to attend your hearing. You may be asked to attend in person at a tribunal building, or asked to attend remotely by a video link or by phone.\n\nIf you\u2019ll be attending remotely, the letter or email will tell you how to prepare for this.\n\nYou can check the daily courts lists on the day of your hearing to find out if anything has changed.\n\nIf you cannot attend yourself you can ask someone to represent you and ask witnesses to attend.\n\nYou may have to give evidence at the hearing and answer questions.\n\nYou may need to take part in a \u2018pre-hearing\u2019, where the tribunal will check that you\u2019re ready for a full hearing.\n\nThe hearing will normally be attended by:\n\n- a judge, sometimes with other tribunal members\n\n- a clerk and other tribunal staff, to help run the hearing\n\n- your representative, if you have one\n\n- a Home Office \u2018presenting officer\u2019, who will argue the case for the Home Office\n\n- any witnesses called to give evidence\n\n- an interpreter, if you\u2019ve asked for one\n\nIt can also normally be attended by:\n\n- your sponsor, if you have one\n\n- members of the public\n\n- the press or media\n\n## If your appeal cannot be resolved at the hearing\n\nIf your appeal is not held on its scheduled day for any reason (for example there is not a judge available) it\u2019ll be rescheduled for another day.\n\nYour hearing may also be adjourned as \u2018part heard\u2019 if there is not enough time to finish it, or it cannot be resolved on the day. The tribunal will arrange another hearing with the same people present.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a decision in person or by post.\n\nThe tribunal will either decide to:\n\n- allow your appeal - this does not automatically mean you\u2019ll be able to enter or stay in the country and may simply mean the Home Office has to reconsider its decision\n\n- dismiss your appeal and uphold the Home Office\u2019s original decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a copy of the tribunal\u2019s decision within 4 weeks of the hearing.\n\nBoth you and the Home Office can appeal the decision of the tribunal.\n\nThe tribunal can order either you or the Home Office to pay the other\u2019s costs if either of you has acted unreasonably.\n\n## If you win your appeal\n\nThe Home Office will change (\u2018revise\u2019) its decision if you win your appeal. The Home Office may reconsider your entire application if your circumstances have changed since you first made your appeal.\n\nThe judge may order the Home Office to pay you a \u2018fee award\u2019 if you win your appeal, up to the amount you paid for your tribunal fee.\n\nEmail the Home Office if you do not get your fee award after 60 days.\n\nInclude the following information:\n\n- your Home Office reference number\n\n- your appeal reference number\n\n- the date of the tribunal decision letter\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYou can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if you lose your case and you think there\u2019s a legal mistake with the tribunal\u2019s decision.\n\nFor example, you think the tribunal:\n\n- got the law wrong\n\n- do not apply the correct law\n\n- do not follow the correct procedures, which affected the decision\n\n- had no evidence to support its decision\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and the guidance it\u2019s issued.\n\nAll parties must follow the rules and process in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) Rules 2014.\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on legislation, including the:\n\n- Immigration Act 1971\n\n- Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002\n\n- Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006\n\n- Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007\n\n- UK Borders Act 2007\n\n- Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009\n\n- Immigration Rules\n\n- Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016\n\nThe tribunal fees are set out in the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) Fees Order 2011.\n\nThe president of the tribunal has issued guidance which provides more detail on certain issues.\n\nThere are also older guidance notes for the Asylum and Immigration Tribunal which still apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber).\n\nCheck the decisions database to see how previous decisions on appeals have been made by the Immigration and Asylum Chamber.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if the Home Office has decided to:

    ", + "
  • refuse your protection claim (also known as \u2018asylum claim\u2019 or \u2018humanitarian protection\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • revoke your protection status
    • ", + "
  • refuse your human rights claim
    • ", + "
  • refuse you a residence document or deport you under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016
    • ", + "
  • revoke your British citizenship
    • ", + "
  • refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • refuse or revoke your travel permit or family permit under the EU Settlement Scheme or restrict your rights to enter or leave the UK under those permits
    • ", + "
  • refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker
    • ", + "
  • refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re an S2 healthcare visitor
    • ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    If you do not have the right to appeal, you might be able to ask the Home Office for an administrative review.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    How you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser

    ", + "

    For most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.

    ", + "

    You must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser

    ", + "

    Find out how to appeal from:

    ", + "
  • within the UK
    • ", + "
  • outside the UK
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to appeal if you made your application before 6 April 2015.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You can get help and advice from a solicitor or an immigration adviser.

    ", + "

    You can also contact Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get asylum support (such as housing and money) if you\u2019ve been refused asylum.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal if you have any questions about your appeal. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    Urgent appeal applications

    ", + "

    You need to write to the tribunal with:

    ", + "
  • the reason why your case should be heard urgently
    • ", + "
  • evidence of compelling or compassionate grounds, for example letters from a doctor or hospital
    • ", + "

    You should write \u2018expedite requests\u2019 on the top of any documents you send with your application.

    ", + "

    A judge will review your evidence and decide whether your application should be heard sooner than usual.

    ", + "

    Your application will only be reviewed if you\u2019ve paid your tribunal fee (if you need to pay one).

    ", + "

    Where to send your application

    ", + "

    Send your reasons for the urgent appeal and evidence to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal to check if your application has been received.

    ", + "

    If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful

    ", + "

    You can apply again for the EU Settlement Scheme, Frontier Worker permit or S2 Healthcare Visitor visa for free if you have new evidence to submit.

    ", + "

    Or you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.

    ", + "

    You can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:

    ", + "
  • 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    Appeal from within the UK

    ", + "

    You can only appeal to the tribunal if you have the legal right to appeal - you\u2019ll usually be told if you do in your decision letter.

    ", + "

    Talk to a solicitor or an immigration adviser if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.

    ", + "

    Your decision letter will usually tell you if you can apply for an administrative review if you do not have the right to appeal.

    ", + "

    The administrative review process is different if you applied for the EU Settlement Scheme, a Frontier Worker permit, or an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    How you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser

    ", + "

    For most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.

    ", + "

    You must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser

    ", + "

    You have 14 days to appeal from the date the decision was sent.

    ", + "

    If you apply after the deadline, you must explain why - the tribunal will decide if it can still hear your appeal.

    ", + "

    You can appeal later if your administrative review was unsuccessful for a EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application. Your administrative review decision will tell you how to appeal.

    ", + "

    Apply online if you can - online appeals are quicker than post or fax appeals.

    ", + "What you\u2019re appealing | How you can appeal", + "A decision to refuse your human rights claim or protection claim while you\u2019re in the UK | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to revoke your protection status | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to refuse you a residence document or deport you, under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016 | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your family permit or travel permit under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re on a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision where you\u2019ve been detained in an Immigration detention centre and your decision letter was sent by the Home Office | By post or fax with form IAFT-DIA", + "A decision where you\u2019ve been detained in prison and your decision letter was sent by the Home Office. | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to remove your British citizenship | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "Certain decisions about applications submitted before 6 April 2015 | Online or by post or fax with the relevant form", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing by post or fax, download and fill in the relevant form. Send or fax it with copies of the documents that support your appeal to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Ask for an oral hearing

    ", + "

    You can ask on your appeal form for a decision to be made either:

    ", + "
  • just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • at a hearing that you and your representative can attend
    • ", + "

    The tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case and invited to attend.

    ", + "

    If the tribunal does not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your appeal form and the documents.

    ", + "

    Hearings are carried out in public. You can ask for it to be held in private or to attend by video link, but you must have a reason, for example a public hearing would put you in danger.

    ", + "

    You can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.

    ", + "

    Special requirements

    ", + "

    Contact the Customer Enquiry Unit before your hearing if you need any special help, for example you need wheelchair access.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a380 without a hearing
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3140 with a hearing
    • ", + "

    You may not have to pay if you:

    ", + "
  • get asylum support
    • ", + "
  • get legal aid
    • ", + "
  • get services from your local council and you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "

    You can also get help with court fees if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have little or no savings
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re on certain benefits
    • ", + "
  • you have a low income
    • ", + "

    Read the tribunal fees guidance for more information.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal if you\u2019re unsure if you have to pay a fee.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You can pay your fee with a credit or debit card when you make your appeal online or by including your details on your appeal form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already made your appeal you can also pay your fee online.

    ", + "

    If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful

    ", + "

    If you have new evidence to submit, you can:

    ", + "
  • apply for the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • apply for a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • apply for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply.

    ", + "

    Or you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.

    ", + "

    You can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:

    ", + "
  • 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    Appeal from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You can only appeal to the tribunal if you have the legal right to appeal - you\u2019ll usually be told if you do in your decision letter.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been refused a tier 1, 2, 4 or 5 visa you will be able to ask for the decision to be reviewed at an administrative review - your refusal letter will usually tell you if you can.

    ", + "

    The administrative review process is different if you applied for the EU Settlement Scheme, a Frontier Worker permit, or an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa.

    ", + "

    Talk to a solicitor or an immigration adviser if you\u2019re unsure whether you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    How you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser

    ", + "

    For most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.

    ", + "

    You must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser

    ", + "

    You have 28 days to appeal after you get your decision. If you have to leave the country before you\u2019re allowed to appeal, you have 28 days to appeal once you\u2019ve left the country.

    ", + "

    If you apply after the deadline, you must explain why - the tribunal will decide if it can still hear your appeal.

    ", + "

    You can appeal later if your administrative review was unsuccessful for a EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application. Your administrative review decision will tell you how to appeal.

    ", + "

    Apply online if you can - online appeals are quicker than post or fax appeals.

    ", + "What you\u2019re appealing | How you can appeal", + "A decision to refuse a human rights claim for entry clearance | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6", + "A decision to refuse a human rights claim or protection claim (where you can only apply after you\u2019ve left the country) | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-7", + "A decision to refuse you a residence document or deport you, under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016 | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your family permit or travel permit under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "A decision to refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re on a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5", + "Certain decisions about applications submitted before 6 April 2015 | Online or by post or fax with the relevant form", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing by post or fax, download and fill in the relevant form. Send or fax it with copies of the documents that support your appeal to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Ask for an oral hearing

    ", + "

    You can ask on your appeal form for a decision to be made either:

    ", + "
  • just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • at a hearing that your representatives can attend
    • ", + "

    The tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case.

    ", + "

    If the tribunal does not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your appeal form and documents.

    ", + "

    Hearings are carried out in public. You can ask for it to be held in private or to attend by video link, but you must have a reason, for example a public hearing would put you in danger.

    ", + "

    You can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.

    ", + "

    Special requirements

    ", + "

    Contact the Customer Enquiry Unit before your hearing if any special help is needed, for example someone attending on your behalf needs wheelchair access.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a380 without a hearing
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3140 with a hearing
    • ", + "

    You may not have to pay if you get legal aid.

    ", + "

    Read the tribunal fees guidance for more information.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal if you\u2019re not sure if you have to pay a fee.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You can pay your fee with a credit or debit card when you make your appeal online or by including your details on your appeal form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already made your appeal you can also pay your fee online.

    ", + "

    If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful

    ", + "

    If you have new evidence to submit, you can:

    ", + "
  • apply for the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • apply for a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • apply for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply.

    ", + "

    Or you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.

    ", + "

    You can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:

    ", + "
  • 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    Applications made before 6 April 2015

    ", + "

    You might be able to appeal against a decision made by the Home Office if you submitted your application before 6 April 2015 and it was refused.

    ", + "

    Tier 1, 2 or 5 migrants and family members

    ", + "

    You can make an appeal if you applied for leave to remain as a Tier 1, 2 or 5 migrant or family member before 2 March 2015 and your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.

    ", + "

    Appeal online or by post or fax with:

    ", + "
  • form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "
  • form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK
    • ", + "

    Tier 4 migrants and family members

    ", + "

    You can make an appeal if you applied for permission to remain as a Tier 4 migrant or family member before 20 October 2014 and your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.

    ", + "

    Appeal online or by post or fax with:

    ", + "
  • form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "
  • form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK
    • ", + "

    Other decisions

    ", + "

    You can appeal against certain other Home Office decisions if you applied before 6 April 2015 and your application was refused on or after the same date.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if the Home Office\u2019s decision did not include refusing an asylum or human rights claim.

    ", + "

    Leave to enter

    ", + "

    You can appeal online if your application for leave to enter was refused.

    ", + "

    You can also appeal by post or fax with:

    ", + "
  • form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "
  • form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK
    • ", + "

    Vary your leave to enter or remain

    ", + "

    You can appeal online if your application to change (\u2018vary\u2019) the length and conditions of your stay in the UK was refused. You can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can also appeal by post or fax with:

    ", + "
  • form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "
  • form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK
    • ", + "

    Entry clearance

    ", + "

    You can appeal online if your application for entry clearance was refused.

    ", + "

    You can also appeal by post or fax with form IAFT-2.

    ", + "

    Certificate of entitlement

    ", + "

    You can appeal online if your application for a certificate of entitlement to prove you have a right of abode in the UK was refused.

    ", + "

    You can also appeal by post or fax with:

    ", + "
  • form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "
  • form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK
    • ", + "

    If there's a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or email with details of how to attend your hearing. You may be asked to attend in person at a tribunal building, or asked to attend remotely by a video link or by phone.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll be attending remotely, the letter or email will tell you how to prepare for this.

    ", + "

    You can check the daily courts lists on the day of your hearing to find out if anything has changed.

    ", + "

    If you cannot attend yourself you can ask someone to represent you and ask witnesses to attend.

    ", + "

    You may have to give evidence at the hearing and answer questions.

    ", + "

    You may need to take part in a \u2018pre-hearing\u2019, where the tribunal will check that you\u2019re ready for a full hearing.

    ", + "

    The hearing will normally be attended by:

    ", + "
  • a judge, sometimes with other tribunal members
    • ", + "
  • a clerk and other tribunal staff, to help run the hearing
    • ", + "
  • your representative, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • a Home Office \u2018presenting officer\u2019, who will argue the case for the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • any witnesses called to give evidence
    • ", + "
  • an interpreter, if you\u2019ve asked for one
    • ", + "

    It can also normally be attended by:

    ", + "
  • your sponsor, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • members of the public
    • ", + "
  • the press or media
    • ", + "

    If your appeal cannot be resolved at the hearing

    ", + "

    If your appeal is not held on its scheduled day for any reason (for example there is not a judge available) it\u2019ll be rescheduled for another day.

    ", + "

    Your hearing may also be adjourned as \u2018part heard\u2019 if there is not enough time to finish it, or it cannot be resolved on the day. The tribunal will arrange another hearing with the same people present.

    ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a decision in person or by post.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will either decide to:

    ", + "
  • allow your appeal - this does not automatically mean you\u2019ll be able to enter or stay in the country and may simply mean the Home Office has to reconsider its decision
    • ", + "
  • dismiss your appeal and uphold the Home Office\u2019s original decision
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a copy of the tribunal\u2019s decision within 4 weeks of the hearing.

    ", + "

    Both you and the Home Office can appeal the decision of the tribunal.

    ", + "

    The tribunal can order either you or the Home Office to pay the other\u2019s costs if either of you has acted unreasonably.

    ", + "

    If you win your appeal

    ", + "

    The Home Office will change (\u2018revise\u2019) its decision if you win your appeal. The Home Office may reconsider your entire application if your circumstances have changed since you first made your appeal.

    ", + "

    The judge may order the Home Office to pay you a \u2018fee award\u2019 if you win your appeal, up to the amount you paid for your tribunal fee.

    ", + "

    Email the Home Office if you do not get your fee award after 60 days.

    ", + "

    Include the following information:

    ", + "
  • your Home Office reference number
    • ", + "
  • your appeal reference number
    • ", + "
  • the date of the tribunal decision letter
    • ", + "

    If you lose your appeal

    ", + "

    You can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if you lose your case and you think there\u2019s a legal mistake with the tribunal\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    For example, you think the tribunal:

    ", + "
  • got the law wrong
    • ", + "
  • do not apply the correct law
    • ", + "
  • do not follow the correct procedures, which affected the decision
    • ", + "
  • had no evidence to support its decision
    • ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the tribunal must follow and the guidance it\u2019s issued.

    ", + "

    All parties must follow the rules and process in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) Rules 2014.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on legislation, including the:

    ", + "
  • Immigration Act 1971
    • ", + "
  • Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002
    • ", + "
  • Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006
    • ", + "
  • Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007
    • ", + "
  • UK Borders Act 2007
    • ", + "
  • Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009
    • ", + "
  • Immigration Rules
    • ", + "
  • Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016
    • ", + "

    The tribunal fees are set out in the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) Fees Order 2011.

    ", + "

    The president of the tribunal has issued guidance which provides more detail on certain issues.

    ", + "

    There are also older guidance notes for the Asylum and Immigration Tribunal which still apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber).

    ", + "

    Check the decisions database to see how previous decisions on appeals have been made by the Immigration and Asylum Chamber.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-employment-appeal-tribunal": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-employment-appeal-tribunal", + "title": "Appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) if you think a legal mistake was made in an employment tribunal case.\n\nFor example, you could appeal if it:\n\n- got the law wrong\n\n- did not apply the correct law\n\n- did not follow the correct procedures and this affected the decision\n\n- had no evidence to support its decision\n\n- was unfairly biased towards the other party\n\nGet legal advice if you\u2019re unsure about this.\n\nEAT is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Before you appeal\n\nAsk the employment tribunal to send you the reasons for the decision, if you do not already have them. You can continue your appeal while you wait for them.\n\n## Help with your appeal\n\nRead the rules that EAT follows when making decisions.\n\nYou can also get free legal advice from Citizens Advice and Citizens Advice Scotland.\n\n## Contact EAT\n\nContact the enquiry line for more information.\n\nEAT public enquiry line\nTelephone: 020 7273 1041 (England and Wales) \nTelephone: 0131 225 3963 (Scotland)\nFind out about call charges\n\n## How to appeal\n\n- Read the full practice direction and appeal guidance.\n\n- Fill in the notice of appeal form.\n\n- Send the form, with the supporting documents listed on it, to the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) office.\n\nYou do not have to pay a fee to make an appeal.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 42 days of the date that either:\n\n- the decision was sent to you\n\n- the reasons were sent to you (but only if the Employment Tribunal did not provide reasons at the hearing or you asked for the reasons within 14 days of the decision being sent to you)\n\nYour appeal must arrive by 4pm on the final day.\n\nYou can ask for an appeal to be considered even if it\u2019s late, but extensions are rarely given, and you must have a good reason.\n\n## Where to send your appeal\n\nYou can send it by email. You must send any documents as attachments, and the email must be 10MB or less.\n\nYou can also send your appeal by fax or post.\n\n## For cases in England and Wales\n\n## For cases in Scotland\n\n## After you appeal\n\nEAT will decide if your case can go ahead. If it can, you may be asked to attend a hearing to present your case.\n\nIf your appeal cannot go ahead, you\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining why and whether you can appeal further.\n\n## The tribunal hearing\n\nYou may have to attend a hearing where you (or your representative) will present your case.\n\nThe Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) will decide if your appeal has been successful.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told the outcome of the case either at the end of the hearing or afterwards by letter.\n\n## Preparing for the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be asked when you\u2019re available to attend a hearing. In certain cases you may be told when a hearing will take place, but you\u2019ll be told at least 14 days beforehand. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what documents you need to send to EAT and to other parties.\n\nYou may be able to get free advice immediately before the hearing if you do not have a representative - ask EAT for details.\n\nYou cannot claim any expenses for going to a hearing.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll present your case - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The other party will present the case against you. You may be asked questions about your case.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal problem with the Employment Appeal Tribunal\u2019s (EAT\u2019s) decision.\n\nGet legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.\n\n## Ask permission to appeal\n\nYou must ask for permission before you appeal. You can either ask EAT or the higher court directly.\n\n## Asking EAT\n\nYou must ask within 7 days of receiving the decision (or within 42 days if the employment tribunal whose decision you are appealing was held in Scotland).\n\nYou can ask for permission on the day of your hearing (if you receive your decision on the day).\n\nYou must provide your grounds for appeal and the legal problem with the decision.\n\nIf you\u2019re refused permission, you can ask the higher court directly.\n\n## Asking the higher court\n\nYou can ask the Court of Appeal for permission. You must do this within 21 days of the date you were told you lost your case or were refused permission by EAT.\n\nIf the employment tribunal that made the initial decision was based in Scotland, ask the Court of Session for permission.\n\n## Appeal to the higher court\n\nYou can appeal to the Court of Appeal once you\u2019ve been given permission.\n\nIf the employment tribunal that made the initial decision was based in Scotland, you should appeal to the Court of Session.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Legislation\n\nEAT must follow the rules and process in the:\n\n- Employment Appeal Tribunal Rules 1993 (as amended)\n\n- Employment Tribunals Act 1996\n\nEAT has also issued a practice direction that provides more detailed guidance.\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nYou can search for decisions made in other EAT cases.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) if you think a legal mistake was made in an employment tribunal case.

    ", + "

    For example, you could appeal if it:

    ", + "
  • got the law wrong
    • ", + "
  • did not apply the correct law
    • ", + "
  • did not follow the correct procedures and this affected the decision
    • ", + "
  • had no evidence to support its decision
    • ", + "
  • was unfairly biased towards the other party
    • ", + "

    Get legal advice if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    ", + "

    EAT is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Before you appeal

    ", + "

    Ask the employment tribunal to send you the reasons for the decision, if you do not already have them. You can continue your appeal while you wait for them.

    ", + "

    Help with your appeal

    ", + "

    Read the rules that EAT follows when making decisions.

    ", + "

    You can also get free legal advice from Citizens Advice and Citizens Advice Scotland.

    ", + "

    Contact EAT

    ", + "

    Contact the enquiry line for more information.

    ", + "

    EAT public enquiry line\nTelephone: 020 7273 1041 (England and Wales) \nTelephone: 0131 225 3963 (Scotland)\nFind out about call charges

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "
  • Read the full practice direction and appeal guidance.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the notice of appeal form.
    • ", + "
  • Send the form, with the supporting documents listed on it, to the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) office.
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay a fee to make an appeal.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 42 days of the date that either:

    ", + "
  • the decision was sent to you
    • ", + "
  • the reasons were sent to you (but only if the Employment Tribunal did not provide reasons at the hearing or you asked for the reasons within 14 days of the decision being sent to you)
    • ", + "

    Your appeal must arrive by 4pm on the final day.

    ", + "

    You can ask for an appeal to be considered even if it\u2019s late, but extensions are rarely given, and you must have a good reason.

    ", + "

    Where to send your appeal

    ", + "

    You can send it by email. You must send any documents as attachments, and the email must be 10MB or less.

    ", + "

    You can also send your appeal by fax or post.

    ", + "

    For cases in England and Wales

    ", + "

    For cases in Scotland

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    EAT will decide if your case can go ahead. If it can, you may be asked to attend a hearing to present your case.

    ", + "

    If your appeal cannot go ahead, you\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining why and whether you can appeal further.

    ", + "

    The tribunal hearing

    ", + "

    You may have to attend a hearing where you (or your representative) will present your case.

    ", + "

    The Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) will decide if your appeal has been successful.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told the outcome of the case either at the end of the hearing or afterwards by letter.

    ", + "

    Preparing for the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be asked when you\u2019re available to attend a hearing. In certain cases you may be told when a hearing will take place, but you\u2019ll be told at least 14 days beforehand. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to send to EAT and to other parties.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get free advice immediately before the hearing if you do not have a representative - ask EAT for details.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim any expenses for going to a hearing.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll present your case - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The other party will present the case against you. You may be asked questions about your case.

    ", + "

    If you lose your case

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal problem with the Employment Appeal Tribunal\u2019s (EAT\u2019s) decision.

    ", + "

    Get legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.

    ", + "

    Ask permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You must ask for permission before you appeal. You can either ask EAT or the higher court directly.

    ", + "

    Asking EAT

    ", + "

    You must ask within 7 days of receiving the decision (or within 42 days if the employment tribunal whose decision you are appealing was held in Scotland).

    ", + "

    You can ask for permission on the day of your hearing (if you receive your decision on the day).

    ", + "

    You must provide your grounds for appeal and the legal problem with the decision.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission, you can ask the higher court directly.

    ", + "

    Asking the higher court

    ", + "

    You can ask the Court of Appeal for permission. You must do this within 21 days of the date you were told you lost your case or were refused permission by EAT.

    ", + "

    If the employment tribunal that made the initial decision was based in Scotland, ask the Court of Session for permission.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the higher court

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Court of Appeal once you\u2019ve been given permission.

    ", + "

    If the employment tribunal that made the initial decision was based in Scotland, you should appeal to the Court of Session.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    EAT must follow the rules and process in the:

    ", + "
  • Employment Appeal Tribunal Rules 1993 (as amended)
    • ", + "
  • Employment Tribunals Act 1996
    • ", + "

    EAT has also issued a practice direction that provides more detailed guidance.

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    You can search for decisions made in other EAT cases.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/administrative-appeals-tribunal": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/administrative-appeals-tribunal", + "title": "Appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be able to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you think there was a legal mistake with a decision made against you by certain lower tribunals and organisations.\n\nYou might be able to appeal if your case was about:\n\n- social security or child support\n\n- war pensions and armed forces compensation\n\n- mental health\n\n- special education needs or disabilities\n\n- a dispute that was heard by the General Regulatory Chamber\n\n- a decision made by the Disclosure and Barring Service\n\n- a decision made by the Traffic Commissioner (or the Transport Regulation Unit in Northern Ireland)\n\nThere are also other cases that the tribunal deals with.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if your case is about criminal injuries compensation.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to Northern Ireland commissioners if your case was heard in Northern Ireland and was about social security or war pensions.\n\n## Get help with your appeal\n\nYou can read more detail about the appeal process.\n\nYou may also be able to get free legal advice from Citizens Advice or help from Welfare Rights if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\n## Contact the tribunal\n\n## England and Wales\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\n## How to appeal\n\nYou may have to ask for permission to appeal - it depends on your case.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing a decision made by another tribunal\n\nYou must get permission to appeal.\n\nFirst ask the tribunal who made the decision for permission to appeal. You usually have to do this within 28 days of the decision - speak to that tribunal to find out the deadline.\n\nOnce you have permission, download and fill in the relevant appeal form. Send it to the address on the form within 1 month of getting permission.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission\n\nYou can ask the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) for permission directly using the relevant permission form. Send it to the address on the form within 1 month of being refused.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing a decision made by an organisation\n\nYou will not need to ask for permission to appeal (unless you\u2019re appealing a decision made by Disclosure and Barring Service).\n\nAppeal using the relevant appeal form and send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Appealing a Disclosure and Barring Service decision\n\nYou\u2019ll need to ask the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) for permission before you can appeal.\n\nUse the relevant permission form and send it to the address on the form.\n\n## How your case will be decided\n\nA judge will make a decision using:\n\n- your appeal form\n\n- the documents you\u2019ve provided\n\n- the documents used by the lower tribunal or organisation that decided your case\n\nThe decision will be sent to you by post.\n\n## Attending a hearing\n\nIn certain cases you may be asked to attend a hearing to present your case. You can also ask for a hearing when you apply - the judge will decide if it\u2019s necessary.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told the time and date of the hearing and where it\u2019s being held. You\u2019ll usually be told at least 14 days beforehand if there\u2019s going to be a hearing. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances or if all parties agree to a shorter notice period.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare and what documents you\u2019ll need to provide.\n\n## Getting a time extension\n\nYou may be able to get a time extension if you need more time to prepare - ask the judge.\n\nYou must have a good reason, for example you\u2019re having problems finding a document or you\u2019re ill.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal mistake made by the tribunal.\n\nGet legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.\n\n## Ask for permission\n\nYou must write to the tribunal and ask for permission before you appeal.\n\nYou must do this within one month of getting the decision (or 3 months for social security, child support, or war pensions and armed forces cases).\n\n## England and Wales\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nOnce you have permission, you should appeal to the relevant higher court:\n\n- The Court of Appeal in England and Wales\n\n- The Court of Session in Scotland\n\n- The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland\n\nYou must do this within:\n\n- 28 days of being given permission (England and Wales)\n\n- 42 days of being given permission (Scotland)\n\n- 6 weeks of being given permission (Northern Ireland)\n\nYou may have to pay court fees and the other party\u2019s costs.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission\n\nYou can ask the relevant higher court for permission.\n\nYou must do this within 28 days of being refused permission in England and Wales.\n\nThe time limits are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland - contact the relevant tribunal office for details.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nSearch the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process set out in The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you think there was a legal mistake with a decision made against you by certain lower tribunals and organisations.

    ", + "

    You might be able to appeal if your case was about:

    ", + "
  • social security or child support
    • ", + "
  • war pensions and armed forces compensation
    • ", + "
  • mental health
    • ", + "
  • special education needs or disabilities
    • ", + "
  • a dispute that was heard by the General Regulatory Chamber
    • ", + "
  • a decision made by the Disclosure and Barring Service
    • ", + "
  • a decision made by the Traffic Commissioner (or the Transport Regulation Unit in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    There are also other cases that the tribunal deals with.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if your case is about criminal injuries compensation.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to Northern Ireland commissioners if your case was heard in Northern Ireland and was about social security or war pensions.

    ", + "

    Get help with your appeal

    ", + "

    You can read more detail about the appeal process.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get free legal advice from Citizens Advice or help from Welfare Rights if you\u2019re in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Contact the tribunal

    ", + "

    England and Wales

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    You may have to ask for permission to appeal - it depends on your case.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing a decision made by another tribunal

    ", + "

    You must get permission to appeal.

    ", + "

    First ask the tribunal who made the decision for permission to appeal. You usually have to do this within 28 days of the decision - speak to that tribunal to find out the deadline.

    ", + "

    Once you have permission, download and fill in the relevant appeal form. Send it to the address on the form within 1 month of getting permission.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission

    ", + "

    You can ask the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) for permission directly using the relevant permission form. Send it to the address on the form within 1 month of being refused.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing a decision made by an organisation

    ", + "

    You will not need to ask for permission to appeal (unless you\u2019re appealing a decision made by Disclosure and Barring Service).

    ", + "

    Appeal using the relevant appeal form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Appealing a Disclosure and Barring Service decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to ask the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) for permission before you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Use the relevant permission form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    How your case will be decided

    ", + "

    A judge will make a decision using:

    ", + "
  • your appeal form
    • ", + "
  • the documents you\u2019ve provided
    • ", + "
  • the documents used by the lower tribunal or organisation that decided your case
    • ", + "

    The decision will be sent to you by post.

    ", + "

    Attending a hearing

    ", + "

    In certain cases you may be asked to attend a hearing to present your case. You can also ask for a hearing when you apply - the judge will decide if it\u2019s necessary.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told the time and date of the hearing and where it\u2019s being held. You\u2019ll usually be told at least 14 days beforehand if there\u2019s going to be a hearing. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances or if all parties agree to a shorter notice period.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare and what documents you\u2019ll need to provide.

    ", + "

    Getting a time extension

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a time extension if you need more time to prepare - ask the judge.

    ", + "

    You must have a good reason, for example you\u2019re having problems finding a document or you\u2019re ill.

    ", + "

    If you lose your case

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal mistake made by the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Get legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.

    ", + "

    Ask for permission

    ", + "

    You must write to the tribunal and ask for permission before you appeal.

    ", + "

    You must do this within one month of getting the decision (or 3 months for social security, child support, or war pensions and armed forces cases).

    ", + "

    England and Wales

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Once you have permission, you should appeal to the relevant higher court:

    ", + "
  • The Court of Appeal in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • The Court of Session in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You must do this within:

    ", + "
  • 28 days of being given permission (England and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • 42 days of being given permission (Scotland)
    • ", + "
  • 6 weeks of being given permission (Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay court fees and the other party\u2019s costs.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission

    ", + "

    You can ask the relevant higher court for permission.

    ", + "

    You must do this within 28 days of being refused permission in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    The time limits are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland - contact the relevant tribunal office for details.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    Search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process set out in The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-upper-tribunal": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-upper-tribunal", + "title": "Appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Tax and Chancery)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be able to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Tax and Chancery Chamber) if you think there was a legal mistake with a decision made against you by certain lower tribunals and organisations.\n\nYou might be able to appeal if your case was heard by the:\n\n- First-tier Tribunal (Tax) - for cases about tax\n\n- General Regulatory Chamber - for cases about charities\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Financial services cases\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re challenging a decision made by:\n\n- Financial Conduct Authority\n\n- Prudential Regulation Authority\n\n- Pensions Regulator\n\n- Bank of England\n\n- HM Treasury\n\n- Ofgem\n\n## Decisions by the Secretary of State or Trade Remedies Authority\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to challenge a decision made by the Secretary of State for International Trade or the Trade Remedies Authority.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou may want to get help and advice before you appeal.\n\nYou can represent yourself or find a legal adviser (including a lawyer), tax adviser or accountant to help with your appeal.\n\nYou can get free advice from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- TaxAid\n\n- TaxHelp for Older People, if you\u2019re over 60\n\nCall or email the tribunal if you have any questions about the process. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nYou must get permission if you want to appeal the decision of another tribunal.\n\nAsk the tribunal that made the decision for permission within:\n\n- 56 days of the date on the decision letter (for tax cases)\n\n- 28 days of the date on the decision letter (for charities)\n\nIf you\u2019re given permission, download and fill in the relevant appeal form. Send it to the address on the form within one month of the date on the permission letter\n\nRead the guidance on appealing.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission\n\nYou can ask the Upper Tribunal to give you permission if you were refused it, or only given permission on some grounds. Download and fill in the permission form. Send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou must include a copy of:\n\n- the first-tier tribunal\u2019s full decision\n\n- the written decision refusing permission (or only giving you permission on some grounds)\n\n- the accompanying letter saying you\u2019ve been refused permission (or only given permission on some grounds)\n\nYou must do this within one month of the letter of refusal being sent.\n\nA tribunal judge will read your appeal form and decide if you should be given permission to appeal or permission on additional grounds. You can ask for the decision to be reconsidered at a hearing if you\u2019re refused permission.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the tribunal after the judge has made a decision telling you what to do next.\n\n## The tribunal hearing\n\nYou usually have to attend a hearing where you (or your representative) and the other parties will present your cases to a judge at the tribunal.\n\nThe tribunal will decide which party wins the case.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally be told the outcome of the case within 3 months of the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll most likely have to pay the other party\u2019s costs if you lose, but the other party will be asked to pay your costs if you win.\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a decision about a charity case made by the General Regulatory Chamber, the tribunal can only order you to pay the other party\u2019s costs if they think you acted unreasonably.\n\n## Preparing for the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare for the hearing and what documents you\u2019ll need to provide.\n\nYou\u2019ll also be told when and where the hearing will be held. Hearings normally take place in London, Edinburgh or Belfast.\n\nYou can check the register of cases to find out if anything has changed.\n\n## Decisions without hearings\n\nYou can ask for a decision to be made without a hearing, but the other party must also agree.\n\n## Getting a time extension\n\nYou may be able to get a time extension if you need more time to prepare - write to the tribunal.\n\nYou must have a good reason, for example you\u2019re having problems finding a document or you\u2019re ill.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal mistake made by the tribunal.\n\nYou can get legal advice if you\u2019re unsure about this, including from a lawyer. You can also speak to an accountant or tax adviser.\n\n## Ask for permission\n\nYou must write to the tribunal and ask for permission before you appeal.\n\nYou must do this within one month of the date on the decision letter.\n\nOnce you have permission, you should appeal to the relevant higher court:\n\n- The Court of Appeal in England and Wales\n\n- The Court of Session in Scotland\n\n- The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland\n\nYou must do this within 28 days of the date on the permission letter.\n\nYou may have to pay court fees and the other party\u2019s costs.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission\n\nYou can ask the relevant higher court for permission.\n\nYou must do this within 28 days of the date on the refusal letter.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nSearch the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008.\n\nRead the tribunal\u2019s practice directions for more guidance on how the tribunal makes decisions.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Tax and Chancery Chamber) if you think there was a legal mistake with a decision made against you by certain lower tribunals and organisations.

    ", + "

    You might be able to appeal if your case was heard by the:

    ", + "
  • First-tier Tribunal (Tax) - for cases about tax
    • ", + "
  • General Regulatory Chamber - for cases about charities
    • ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Financial services cases

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re challenging a decision made by:

    ", + "
  • Financial Conduct Authority
    • ", + "
  • Prudential Regulation Authority
    • ", + "
  • Pensions Regulator
    • ", + "
  • Bank of England
    • ", + "
  • HM Treasury
    • ", + "
  • Ofgem
    • ", + "

    Decisions by the Secretary of State or Trade Remedies Authority

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to challenge a decision made by the Secretary of State for International Trade or the Trade Remedies Authority.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You may want to get help and advice before you appeal.

    ", + "

    You can represent yourself or find a legal adviser (including a lawyer), tax adviser or accountant to help with your appeal.

    ", + "

    You can get free advice from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • TaxAid
    • ", + "
  • TaxHelp for Older People, if you\u2019re over 60
    • ", + "

    Call or email the tribunal if you have any questions about the process. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    You must get permission if you want to appeal the decision of another tribunal.

    ", + "

    Ask the tribunal that made the decision for permission within:

    ", + "
  • 56 days of the date on the decision letter (for tax cases)
    • ", + "
  • 28 days of the date on the decision letter (for charities)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re given permission, download and fill in the relevant appeal form. Send it to the address on the form within one month of the date on the permission letter

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on appealing.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission

    ", + "

    You can ask the Upper Tribunal to give you permission if you were refused it, or only given permission on some grounds. Download and fill in the permission form. Send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You must include a copy of:

    ", + "
  • the first-tier tribunal\u2019s full decision
    • ", + "
  • the written decision refusing permission (or only giving you permission on some grounds)
    • ", + "
  • the accompanying letter saying you\u2019ve been refused permission (or only given permission on some grounds)
    • ", + "

    You must do this within one month of the letter of refusal being sent.

    ", + "

    A tribunal judge will read your appeal form and decide if you should be given permission to appeal or permission on additional grounds. You can ask for the decision to be reconsidered at a hearing if you\u2019re refused permission.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the tribunal after the judge has made a decision telling you what to do next.

    ", + "

    The tribunal hearing

    ", + "

    You usually have to attend a hearing where you (or your representative) and the other parties will present your cases to a judge at the tribunal.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will decide which party wins the case.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally be told the outcome of the case within 3 months of the hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll most likely have to pay the other party\u2019s costs if you lose, but the other party will be asked to pay your costs if you win.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing a decision about a charity case made by the General Regulatory Chamber, the tribunal can only order you to pay the other party\u2019s costs if they think you acted unreasonably.

    ", + "

    Preparing for the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare for the hearing and what documents you\u2019ll need to provide.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be told when and where the hearing will be held. Hearings normally take place in London, Edinburgh or Belfast.

    ", + "

    You can check the register of cases to find out if anything has changed.

    ", + "

    Decisions without hearings

    ", + "

    You can ask for a decision to be made without a hearing, but the other party must also agree.

    ", + "

    Getting a time extension

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a time extension if you need more time to prepare - write to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    You must have a good reason, for example you\u2019re having problems finding a document or you\u2019re ill.

    ", + "

    If you lose your case

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal mistake made by the tribunal.

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice if you\u2019re unsure about this, including from a lawyer. You can also speak to an accountant or tax adviser.

    ", + "

    Ask for permission

    ", + "

    You must write to the tribunal and ask for permission before you appeal.

    ", + "

    You must do this within one month of the date on the decision letter.

    ", + "

    Once you have permission, you should appeal to the relevant higher court:

    ", + "
  • The Court of Appeal in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • The Court of Session in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You must do this within 28 days of the date on the permission letter.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay court fees and the other party\u2019s costs.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission

    ", + "

    You can ask the relevant higher court for permission.

    ", + "

    You must do this within 28 days of the date on the refusal letter.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    Search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008.

    ", + "

    Read the tribunal\u2019s practice directions for more guidance on how the tribunal makes decisions.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-upper-tribunal-lands": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-upper-tribunal-lands", + "title": "Apply or appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) if you think there was a legal problem with a decision made by the:\n\n- First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber)\n\n- Residential Property Tribunal in Wales\n\n- Leasehold Valuation Tribunal in Wales\n\n- Valuation Tribunal in England or Wales\n\nYou might need to get permission before you appeal.\n\nYou can also apply to the tribunal if your case is about:\n\n- compensation for the compulsory purchase of land\n\n- discharge or modification of land affected by a \u2018restrictive covenant\u2019\n\n- compensation for the effect on land affected by public works\n\n- a tree preservation order\n\n- compensation for damage to land damaged by subsidence from mining\n\n- the valuation of land or buildings for Capital Gains Tax or Inheritance Tax purposes\n\n- a \u2018right to light\u2019 dispute\n\n- compensation for blighted land\n\nThe tribunal is independent and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nA mediation service could be quicker and cheaper than going to the tribunal. Mediation is when an independent and impartial person discusses a problem with both parties to try to find a solution.\n\nYou can contact Citizens Advice or the Leasehold Advisory Service for free legal advice. You can also find a lawyer.\n\nCall or email the tribunal if you have any questions about the process. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## Get permission\n\nYou need to get permission before you appeal to the tribunal if you\u2019re appealing a decision made by the:\n\n- First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber)\n\n- Residential Property Tribunal in Wales\n\n- Leasehold Valuation Tribunal in Wales\n\nYou can appeal to the tribunal without permission if your case is about a decision about rates made by the Valuation Tribunal in England or Wales.\n\nYou do not need to get permission to apply to the tribunal.\n\n## How to get permission\n\nAsk the tribunal that originally made the decision for permission to appeal. Follow the steps on your decision letter.\n\nThe original tribunal must get your request for permission within 28 days of your decision letter. Speak to the original tribunal for details.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission\n\nYou can ask the Lands Chamber for permission directly if you\u2019re refused it from the original tribunal. Follow the steps on your decision letter.\n\nYou must do this within 14 days of being refused permission.\n\nIt costs \u00a3220 except for land registration cases where there\u2019s no fee. You may be able to get help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nYou can apply for judicial review if you do not get permission from the Lands Chamber. Speak to a solicitor to get help with the application.\n\n## How to apply or appeal\n\nCheck whether you need permission. You can appeal or apply without permission in some cases.\n\n## Fill in the form\n\nThe form you fill in depends on what your case is about. The address is on the form.\n\nYou must pay a fee - you can apply for help if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\n| What your case is about | Form | Fee | Deadline | Guidance |\n\n| First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber) decision | Form T601 or Form T602 | \u00a3275 - no fee for land registration cases | 1 month of getting permission | Leaflet T605 and T614 |\n\n| Leasehold Valuation Tribunal and Residential Property Tribunal decisions | Form T601 or Form T602 | \u00a3275 | 1 month of getting permission | Leaflet T609 |\n\n| Valuation Tribunal in England or Wales decision | Form T385 | \u00a3275 | 28 days of the decision | Leaflet T606 and Form T615 |\n\n| Compulsory acquisition of land (and other land compensation) | Form T371 or Form T370 | \u00a3275 | Get legal advice - it depends on your case | Leaflet T604 and T616 |\n\n| Restrictive covenant | Form T379 | \u00a3880 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T608 and T617 |\n\n| Public works | Form T371 | \u00a3275 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616 |\n\n| Compulsory acquisition where owner is absent (greater London) | Form T370 or Form T362 | \u00a31,270 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616 |\n\n| Compulsory acquisition where owner is absent (not in greater London) | Form T370 or Form T362 | \u00a31,150 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616 |\n\n| \u2018Right to light\u2019 dispute | Form T383 or Form T384 | \u00a31,320 or \u00a31,650 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T607 |\n\n| Tree preservation order | Form T371 or Form T370 | \u00a3275 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616 |\n\n| Compensation for blighted land | Form T374 or Form T375 | \u00a3275 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616 |\n\n| Any other case | See the list of forms | | | |\n\n## What to include\n\nYou must include:\n\n- a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing against (if you\u2019re appealing a decision)\n\n- what your case is about, for example leasehold enfranchisement, rent increases, variation of a lease\n\n- whether you\u2019d like to go to the hearing - and whether you need special arrangements, for example because of mobility issues\n\n- whether you\u2019d like to call any expert witnesses\n\n- a \u2018statement of case\u2019 - where you set out why you\u2019re appealing or applying to the tribunal\n\n- any other documents mentioned on the form\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe tribunal will decide if it can consider your case.\n\nIn most cases you will be asked to attend a hearing to present your case. You can also ask for a decision to be made without a hearing. The judge will decide if it\u2019s necessary.\n\n## Get a time extension\n\nYou may be able to get a time extension for any step of the process. You must tell the tribunal why you need more time. You must also tell the other party in writing that you\u2019re going to ask for an extension.\n\nIt costs \u00a3110 - make a cheque payable to \u2018HMCTS\u2019 and send it to the tribunal with a letter explaining your request. You must also send a copy of this letter to the other party.\n\n## If you get a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be asked when you\u2019re available to attend a hearing. In certain cases you may be told when a hearing will take place, but you\u2019ll be told at least 14 days beforehand. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances. You can call a witness to support your case.\n\nYou can check the daily courts lists before your hearing to find out if anything has changed.\n\nHearings cost between \u00a3275 and \u00a316,500 (depending on the size of the claim) and are usually held in public. There\u2019s no hearing fee for land registration cases.\n\nYou may be asked questions by:\n\n- the judge\n\n- the other party, or their representative (if they have one)\n\nYou can not claim any expenses for going to a tribunal hearing. The tribunal may order the other party to pay your costs if you win your case.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision in writing after the hearing, usually within 3 months.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal problem with the judge\u2019s decision at the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber). Get legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure.\n\nYou must ask the upper tribunal judge for permission before you appeal - you must do this in writing within 1 month of the decision.\n\nIf the judge refuses you permission, you can ask the Court of Appeal in England and Wales for permission.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nSearch the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process set out in the:\n\n- Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) (Lands Chamber) Rules 2010\n\n- Tribunal Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2012\n\n- Tribunal Procedure (Amendment No. 3) Rules 2013\n\n- Practice Directions \u2013 The Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber)\n\n- Practice Statement \u2013 Delegation of functions to staff in the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber)\n\n- Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) Fees Order 2009\n\n- Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) Fees (Amendment) Order 2010\n\n- Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) Fees (Amendment) Order 2013\n\nRead the Practice Directions and Practice Statements for more guidance.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) if you think there was a legal problem with a decision made by the:

    ", + "
  • First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber)
    • ", + "
  • Residential Property Tribunal in Wales
    • ", + "
  • Leasehold Valuation Tribunal in Wales
    • ", + "
  • Valuation Tribunal in England or Wales
    • ", + "

    You might need to get permission before you appeal.

    ", + "

    You can also apply to the tribunal if your case is about:

    ", + "
  • compensation for the compulsory purchase of land
    • ", + "
  • discharge or modification of land affected by a \u2018restrictive covenant\u2019
    • ", + "
  • compensation for the effect on land affected by public works
    • ", + "
  • a tree preservation order
    • ", + "
  • compensation for damage to land damaged by subsidence from mining
    • ", + "
  • the valuation of land or buildings for Capital Gains Tax or Inheritance Tax purposes
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018right to light\u2019 dispute
    • ", + "
  • compensation for blighted land
    • ", + "

    The tribunal is independent and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    A mediation service could be quicker and cheaper than going to the tribunal. Mediation is when an independent and impartial person discusses a problem with both parties to try to find a solution.

    ", + "

    You can contact Citizens Advice or the Leasehold Advisory Service for free legal advice. You can also find a lawyer.

    ", + "

    Call or email the tribunal if you have any questions about the process. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    Get permission

    ", + "

    You need to get permission before you appeal to the tribunal if you\u2019re appealing a decision made by the:

    ", + "
  • First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber)
    • ", + "
  • Residential Property Tribunal in Wales
    • ", + "
  • Leasehold Valuation Tribunal in Wales
    • ", + "

    You can appeal to the tribunal without permission if your case is about a decision about rates made by the Valuation Tribunal in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    You do not need to get permission to apply to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    How to get permission

    ", + "

    Ask the tribunal that originally made the decision for permission to appeal. Follow the steps on your decision letter.

    ", + "

    The original tribunal must get your request for permission within 28 days of your decision letter. Speak to the original tribunal for details.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused permission

    ", + "

    You can ask the Lands Chamber for permission directly if you\u2019re refused it from the original tribunal. Follow the steps on your decision letter.

    ", + "

    You must do this within 14 days of being refused permission.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3220 except for land registration cases where there\u2019s no fee. You may be able to get help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    ", + "

    You can apply for judicial review if you do not get permission from the Lands Chamber. Speak to a solicitor to get help with the application.

    ", + "

    How to apply or appeal

    ", + "

    Check whether you need permission. You can appeal or apply without permission in some cases.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form

    ", + "

    The form you fill in depends on what your case is about. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    You must pay a fee - you can apply for help if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    ", + "What your case is about | Form | Fee | Deadline | Guidance", + "First-tier Tribunal (Property Chamber) decision | Form T601 or Form T602 | \u00a3275 - no fee for land registration cases | 1 month of getting permission | Leaflet T605 and T614", + "Leasehold Valuation Tribunal and Residential Property Tribunal decisions | Form T601 or Form T602 | \u00a3275 | 1 month of getting permission | Leaflet T609", + "Valuation Tribunal in England or Wales decision | Form T385 | \u00a3275 | 28 days of the decision | Leaflet T606 and Form T615", + "Compulsory acquisition of land (and other land compensation) | Form T371 or Form T370 | \u00a3275 | Get legal advice - it depends on your case | Leaflet T604 and T616", + "Restrictive covenant | Form T379 | \u00a3880 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T608 and T617", + "Public works | Form T371 | \u00a3275 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616", + "Compulsory acquisition where owner is absent (greater London) | Form T370 or Form T362 | \u00a31,270 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616", + "Compulsory acquisition where owner is absent (not in greater London) | Form T370 or Form T362 | \u00a31,150 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616", + "\u2018Right to light\u2019 dispute | Form T383 or Form T384 | \u00a31,320 or \u00a31,650 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T607", + "Tree preservation order | Form T371 or Form T370 | \u00a3275 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616", + "Compensation for blighted land | Form T374 or Form T375 | \u00a3275 | Get legal advice | Leaflet T604 and T616", + "Any other case | See the list of forms | | | ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    You must include:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing against (if you\u2019re appealing a decision)
    • ", + "
  • what your case is about, for example leasehold enfranchisement, rent increases, variation of a lease
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019d like to go to the hearing - and whether you need special arrangements, for example because of mobility issues
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019d like to call any expert witnesses
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018statement of case\u2019 - where you set out why you\u2019re appealing or applying to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • any other documents mentioned on the form
    • ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The tribunal will decide if it can consider your case.

    ", + "

    In most cases you will be asked to attend a hearing to present your case. You can also ask for a decision to be made without a hearing. The judge will decide if it\u2019s necessary.

    ", + "

    Get a time extension

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a time extension for any step of the process. You must tell the tribunal why you need more time. You must also tell the other party in writing that you\u2019re going to ask for an extension.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3110 - make a cheque payable to \u2018HMCTS\u2019 and send it to the tribunal with a letter explaining your request. You must also send a copy of this letter to the other party.

    ", + "

    If you get a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be asked when you\u2019re available to attend a hearing. In certain cases you may be told when a hearing will take place, but you\u2019ll be told at least 14 days beforehand. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances. You can call a witness to support your case.

    ", + "

    You can check the daily courts lists before your hearing to find out if anything has changed.

    ", + "

    Hearings cost between \u00a3275 and \u00a316,500 (depending on the size of the claim) and are usually held in public. There\u2019s no hearing fee for land registration cases.

    ", + "

    You may be asked questions by:

    ", + "
  • the judge
    • ", + "
  • the other party, or their representative (if they have one)
    • ", + "

    You can not claim any expenses for going to a tribunal hearing. The tribunal may order the other party to pay your costs if you win your case.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision in writing after the hearing, usually within 3 months.

    ", + "

    If you lose your case

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal problem with the judge\u2019s decision at the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber). Get legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    You must ask the upper tribunal judge for permission before you appeal - you must do this in writing within 1 month of the decision.

    ", + "

    If the judge refuses you permission, you can ask the Court of Appeal in England and Wales for permission.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    Search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process set out in the:

    ", + "
  • Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) (Lands Chamber) Rules 2010
    • ", + "
  • Tribunal Procedure (Amendment) Rules 2012
    • ", + "
  • Tribunal Procedure (Amendment No. 3) Rules 2013
    • ", + "
  • Practice Directions \u2013 The Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber)
    • ", + "
  • Practice Statement \u2013 Delegation of functions to staff in the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber)
    • ", + "
  • Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) Fees Order 2009
    • ", + "
  • Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) Fees (Amendment) Order 2010
    • ", + "
  • Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) Fees (Amendment) Order 2013
    • ", + "

    Read the Practice Directions and Practice Statements for more guidance.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/apply-land-registration-tribunal": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-land-registration-tribunal", + "title": "Apply to the land registration tribunal", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou need to apply to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber (First-tier Tribunal) if you want to correct or cancel certain documents relating to registered land.\n\nYou may also be referred to the tribunal by HM Land Registry if you\u2019re in a dispute over a change to the land register (known as a \u2018reference case\u2019).\n\nIf you want to change the title register or title plan, contact HM Land Registry directly.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou may want to get help and advice before you appeal, for example from a lawyer.\n\n## Apply to the tribunal\n\nApply to the tribunal if you want to correct or cancel (sometimes known as \u2018set aside\u2019) certain documents relating to registered land. You can also object to someone else\u2019s application. These are known as \u2018rectification cases\u2019.\n\n## Apply to make a change to a document\n\nDownload and fill in the application form and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou must also include a statement saying that you believe that the facts stated in the application are true.\n\nThe tribunal will then send, or tell you to send, a copy of the application to all other interested parties.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told whether there\u2019ll be a hearing to decide your case.\n\n## Object to a change of a document\n\nDownload and fill in the objection form and send it to the address given in the form.\n\nYou must send the form within 28 days of getting your copy of an application to change the register.\n\nYour response must include your reasons for objecting to the application, giving all relevant facts and evidence\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include a list of and copies of all documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- the tribunal and all interested parties will need to understand the case\n\nYou\u2019ll be told by the tribunal if there\u2019ll be a hearing to decide your case.\n\n## Get help\n\nYou can get help with the appeal process and forms by contacting the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## Being referred to the tribunal\n\nYour case may be referred to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber if somebody disputes your application to HM Land Registry. This is known as a \u2018reference case\u2019.\n\nBoth parties will be sent a letter by the tribunal after your case has been referred by HM Land Registry.\n\nThe letter will explain whether you\u2019re the \u2018applicant\u2019 or the \u2018respondent\u2019. Generally, you\u2019ll be named as the applicant if the tribunal thinks you\u2019re the party that needs to prove its case.\n\n## Making a \u2018statement of case\u2019\n\n## Applicants\n\nYou have 28 days after getting the letter to send your \u2018statement of case\u2019 to the tribunal and the respondent. The letter will tell you where to send your statement.\n\nYour statement must include:\n\n- your name and address (and an address where documents can be sent to you)\n\n- the name and address of your legal representative (if you have one)\n\n- your reasons for supporting or objecting to the original application to HM Land Registry, giving all relevant facts and evidence\n\nYou need to include copies of documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- are needed to understand the case\n\nYou also need to include a list of the documents.\n\nAfter the other parties have responded to the tribunal, you\u2019ll be told if there\u2019s going to be a hearing.\n\n## Respondents\n\nYou have 28 days after getting the applicants \u2018statement of case\u2019 to send your own case to the tribunal and the applicant.\n\nYour statement must include your reasons for supporting or objecting to the original application to HM Land Registry, giving all relevant facts and evidence.\n\nYou need to include copies of all documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- are needed to understand the case\n\nYou also need to include a list of these documents.\n\nThe tribunal will then contact you to tell you if there\u2019s going to be a hearing.\n\n## Starting court proceedings\n\nYou or the other party can be ordered by the tribunal to start court proceedings at any time. This will happen if the tribunal cannot handle your case.\n\nYou can also contact the tribunal and ask them to make the other party start court proceedings, or voluntarily start proceedings yourself.\n\n## Get help\n\nYou can get help with the appeal process and forms by contacting the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou may have to attend a hearing where you (or your legal representative) and the other parties will present your cases to a judge.\n\nThe judge will decide:\n\n- which party wins the case\n\n- if any costs are payable by one party to another\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be told the outcome of the case within 42 days of the hearing.\n\n## Preparing for the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be told the time and date of the hearing and where its being held. You\u2019ll usually be told at least 14 days beforehand if there\u2019s going to be a hearing. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances or if all parties agree to a shorter notice period.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare and exchange evidence after all the parties have given their statements of case.\n\n## Decisions without hearings\n\nThe tribunal may make a decision without a hearing if all the people involved agree or if no one objects once given notice.\n\nThe people involved can also ask the tribunal to make a decision without a hearing.\n\n## Getting a time extension\n\nYou can ask for a time extension at any point in the proceedings.\n\nYou should ask all other parties involved to agree to an extension before applying to the tribunal.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper tribunal (Land Chamber) if you\u2019re not happy with the verdict. You must ask the First-tier Tribunal for permission first.\n\nYou can also ask the First-tier Tribunal to set aside their decision if you think there was a problem with the tribunal\u2019s procedure, for example you did not receive a notice of a hearing.\n\nRead guidance on how to challenge a decision for details.\n\nYou can complain about the tribunal staff or the service you received. You cannot complain about the decision.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nYou can read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases if you\u2019re representing yourself or someone else.\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on the Land Registration Act 2002.\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process in:\n\n- Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Property Chamber) Rules 2013\n\n- Practice Directions issued by the Senior President of Tribunals (30 July 2013) (PDF, 49KB)\n\n- Practice Statement issued by the Senior President of Tribunals (8 August 2017) (PDF, 0.1MB)\n\nYou can also search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need to apply to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber (First-tier Tribunal) if you want to correct or cancel certain documents relating to registered land.

    ", + "

    You may also be referred to the tribunal by HM Land Registry if you\u2019re in a dispute over a change to the land register (known as a \u2018reference case\u2019).

    ", + "

    If you want to change the title register or title plan, contact HM Land Registry directly.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You may want to get help and advice before you appeal, for example from a lawyer.

    ", + "

    Apply to the tribunal

    ", + "

    Apply to the tribunal if you want to correct or cancel (sometimes known as \u2018set aside\u2019) certain documents relating to registered land. You can also object to someone else\u2019s application. These are known as \u2018rectification cases\u2019.

    ", + "

    Apply to make a change to a document

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You must also include a statement saying that you believe that the facts stated in the application are true.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will then send, or tell you to send, a copy of the application to all other interested parties.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told whether there\u2019ll be a hearing to decide your case.

    ", + "

    Object to a change of a document

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the objection form and send it to the address given in the form.

    ", + "

    You must send the form within 28 days of getting your copy of an application to change the register.

    ", + "

    Your response must include your reasons for objecting to the application, giving all relevant facts and evidence

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include a list of and copies of all documents that:

    ", + "
  • are important to your case
    • ", + "
  • the tribunal and all interested parties will need to understand the case
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told by the tribunal if there\u2019ll be a hearing to decide your case.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    You can get help with the appeal process and forms by contacting the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    Being referred to the tribunal

    ", + "

    Your case may be referred to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber if somebody disputes your application to HM Land Registry. This is known as a \u2018reference case\u2019.

    ", + "

    Both parties will be sent a letter by the tribunal after your case has been referred by HM Land Registry.

    ", + "

    The letter will explain whether you\u2019re the \u2018applicant\u2019 or the \u2018respondent\u2019. Generally, you\u2019ll be named as the applicant if the tribunal thinks you\u2019re the party that needs to prove its case.

    ", + "

    Making a \u2018statement of case\u2019

    ", + "

    Applicants

    ", + "

    You have 28 days after getting the letter to send your \u2018statement of case\u2019 to the tribunal and the respondent. The letter will tell you where to send your statement.

    ", + "

    Your statement must include:

    ", + "
  • your name and address (and an address where documents can be sent to you)
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of your legal representative (if you have one)
    • ", + "
  • your reasons for supporting or objecting to the original application to HM Land Registry, giving all relevant facts and evidence
    • ", + "

    You need to include copies of documents that:

    ", + "
  • are important to your case
    • ", + "
  • are needed to understand the case
    • ", + "

    You also need to include a list of the documents.

    ", + "

    After the other parties have responded to the tribunal, you\u2019ll be told if there\u2019s going to be a hearing.

    ", + "

    Respondents

    ", + "

    You have 28 days after getting the applicants \u2018statement of case\u2019 to send your own case to the tribunal and the applicant.

    ", + "

    Your statement must include your reasons for supporting or objecting to the original application to HM Land Registry, giving all relevant facts and evidence.

    ", + "

    You need to include copies of all documents that:

    ", + "
  • are important to your case
    • ", + "
  • are needed to understand the case
    • ", + "

    You also need to include a list of these documents.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will then contact you to tell you if there\u2019s going to be a hearing.

    ", + "

    Starting court proceedings

    ", + "

    You or the other party can be ordered by the tribunal to start court proceedings at any time. This will happen if the tribunal cannot handle your case.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the tribunal and ask them to make the other party start court proceedings, or voluntarily start proceedings yourself.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    You can get help with the appeal process and forms by contacting the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You may have to attend a hearing where you (or your legal representative) and the other parties will present your cases to a judge.

    ", + "

    The judge will decide:

    ", + "
  • which party wins the case
    • ", + "
  • if any costs are payable by one party to another
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be told the outcome of the case within 42 days of the hearing.

    ", + "

    Preparing for the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told the time and date of the hearing and where its being held. You\u2019ll usually be told at least 14 days beforehand if there\u2019s going to be a hearing. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances or if all parties agree to a shorter notice period.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare and exchange evidence after all the parties have given their statements of case.

    ", + "

    Decisions without hearings

    ", + "

    The tribunal may make a decision without a hearing if all the people involved agree or if no one objects once given notice.

    ", + "

    The people involved can also ask the tribunal to make a decision without a hearing.

    ", + "

    Getting a time extension

    ", + "

    You can ask for a time extension at any point in the proceedings.

    ", + "

    You should ask all other parties involved to agree to an extension before applying to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you lose your case

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Upper tribunal (Land Chamber) if you\u2019re not happy with the verdict. You must ask the First-tier Tribunal for permission first.

    ", + "

    You can also ask the First-tier Tribunal to set aside their decision if you think there was a problem with the tribunal\u2019s procedure, for example you did not receive a notice of a hearing.

    ", + "

    Read guidance on how to challenge a decision for details.

    ", + "

    You can complain about the tribunal staff or the service you received. You cannot complain about the decision.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    You can read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases if you\u2019re representing yourself or someone else.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the Land Registration Act 2002.

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process in:

    ", + "
  • Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Property Chamber) Rules 2013
    • ", + "
  • Practice Directions issued by the Senior President of Tribunals (30 July 2013) (PDF, 49KB)
    • ", + "
  • Practice Statement issued by the Senior President of Tribunals (8 August 2017) (PDF, 0.1MB)
    • ", + "

    You can also search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/charged-crime": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charged-crime", + "title": "Being charged with a crime", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you are charged with a crime you will be given a \u2018charge sheet\u2019. This sets out the details of the crime you are being charged with.\n\nThe police will decide if you:\n\n- can go home until the court hearing - but may have to follow certain rules, known as \u2018bail\u2019\n\n- are kept in police custody until you are taken to court for your hearing\n\nYour first court hearing after you are charged with a crime will be at a magistrates\u2019 court - even if your trial will be at a Crown Court later on.\n\nIf you\u2019re charged with a minor offence your case could be decided without going to court (\u2018single justice procedure\u2019). If you get a single justice procedure notice you must respond within 21 days.\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Young people\n\nIf you\u2019re under 18, your first hearing will usually be at a youth court.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 17, the police must arrange for you to be held in local authority accommodation, if possible, before you go to court.\n\nIf you\u2019re aged 12 to 16, the police can decide to keep you at the police station if they think it will protect the public.\n\n## Bail\n\nYou can be released on bail at the police station after you\u2019ve been charged. This means you will be able to go home until your court hearing.\n\nIf you are given bail, you might have to agree to conditions like:\n\n- living at a particular address\n\n- not contacting certain people\n\n- giving your passport to the police so you cannot leave the UK\n\n- reporting to a police station at agreed times, for example once a week\n\nIf you do not stick to these conditions you can be arrested again and be taken to prison to wait for your court hearing.\n\nWhen you attend your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court you might be given bail again until your trial begins.\n\n## Reasons you may not be given bail\n\nYou\u2019re unlikely to be given bail if:\n\n- you are charged with a serious offence, for example armed robbery\n\n- you\u2019ve been convicted of a serious crime in the past\n\n- you\u2019ve been given bail in the past and not stuck to the terms\n\n- the police think you may not turn up for your hearing\n\n- the police think you might commit a crime while you\u2019re on bail\n\n## Remand\n\nIf the court decides to put you on remand it means you will go to prison until your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court.\n\nIf you are under 18 you will be taken to a secure centre for young people, not an adult prison.\n\nYou will probably be put on remand if:\n\n- you have been charged with a serious crime, for example armed robbery\n\n- you have been convicted of a serious crime in the past\n\n- the police think you may not go to your court hearing\n\n- the police think you may commit another crime while on bail\n\n- you have been given bail before and not stuck to the terms\n\nWhen you attend your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court, you might be put on remand again until your trial begins, even if you were previously given bail.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you are charged with a crime you will be given a \u2018charge sheet\u2019. This sets out the details of the crime you are being charged with.

    ", + "

    The police will decide if you:

    ", + "
  • can go home until the court hearing - but may have to follow certain rules, known as \u2018bail\u2019
    • ", + "
  • are kept in police custody until you are taken to court for your hearing
    • ", + "

    Your first court hearing after you are charged with a crime will be at a magistrates\u2019 court - even if your trial will be at a Crown Court later on.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re charged with a minor offence your case could be decided without going to court (\u2018single justice procedure\u2019). If you get a single justice procedure notice you must respond within 21 days.

    ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Young people

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18, your first hearing will usually be at a youth court.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 17, the police must arrange for you to be held in local authority accommodation, if possible, before you go to court.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re aged 12 to 16, the police can decide to keep you at the police station if they think it will protect the public.

    ", + "

    Bail

    ", + "

    You can be released on bail at the police station after you\u2019ve been charged. This means you will be able to go home until your court hearing.

    ", + "

    If you are given bail, you might have to agree to conditions like:

    ", + "
  • living at a particular address
    • ", + "
  • not contacting certain people
    • ", + "
  • giving your passport to the police so you cannot leave the UK
    • ", + "
  • reporting to a police station at agreed times, for example once a week
    • ", + "

    If you do not stick to these conditions you can be arrested again and be taken to prison to wait for your court hearing.

    ", + "

    When you attend your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court you might be given bail again until your trial begins.

    ", + "

    Reasons you may not be given bail

    ", + "

    You\u2019re unlikely to be given bail if:

    ", + "
  • you are charged with a serious offence, for example armed robbery
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been convicted of a serious crime in the past
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given bail in the past and not stuck to the terms
    • ", + "
  • the police think you may not turn up for your hearing
    • ", + "
  • the police think you might commit a crime while you\u2019re on bail
    • ", + "

    Remand

    ", + "

    If the court decides to put you on remand it means you will go to prison until your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court.

    ", + "

    If you are under 18 you will be taken to a secure centre for young people, not an adult prison.

    ", + "

    You will probably be put on remand if:

    ", + "
  • you have been charged with a serious crime, for example armed robbery
    • ", + "
  • you have been convicted of a serious crime in the past
    • ", + "
  • the police think you may not go to your court hearing
    • ", + "
  • the police think you may commit another crime while on bail
    • ", + "
  • you have been given bail before and not stuck to the terms
    • ", + "

    When you attend your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court, you might be put on remand again until your trial begins, even if you were previously given bail.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/being-taken-to-employment-tribunal-by-employee": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-taken-to-employment-tribunal-by-employee", + "title": "Being taken to an employment tribunal", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can be taken to an employment tribunal by an employee or someone else (for example a job applicant or trade union) over various issues, including:\n\n- pay\n\n- dismissal\n\n- discrimination\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to you (the \u2018respondent\u2019) and the other party (the \u2018claimant\u2019) before making a decision.\n\nYou may have to pay compensation or reinstate the claimant if you lose the case.\n\n## Solve the dispute without a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) if someone wants to make a claim against you. They\u2019ll offer to work with you and the claimant to try to solve the problem without it going to a tribunal - this is called \u2018conciliation\u2019.\n\nCall Acas for help and advice.\n\n## Respond to a claim\n\nThe tribunal will send you a letter (known as a \u2018response pack\u2019) if a claim has been made against you and conciliation has not worked. You can respond either:\n\n- online\n\n- by filling out and returning the response pack you\u2019re sent\n\n- by downloading and filling in the response form and sending it to the tribunal office dealing with the case\n\nRead the response guidance before you fill in the form.\n\nYou must respond to the claim within 28 days.\n\nYou may be able to get more time to respond - ask the tribunal. If you\u2019re late or do not respond, the tribunal may make a decision against you without a hearing.\n\n## Offer the claimant compensation\n\nYou can try to settle the case at any time by offering to pay compensation to the claimant (known as a \u2018settlement agreement\u2019).\n\n## Get help or legal advice\n\nYou may want to get legal advice if a claim is made against you.\n\nCall the employment tribunal enquiry line for general guidance on how the process works. They cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland\n\nYour case will be dealt with by the Office of Industrial Tribunals and the Fair Employment Tribunal.\n\n## Before the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be given at least 14 days\u2019 notice before the hearing - you\u2019ll get a letter confirming this. You must prepare documents and arrange for witnesses to attend in advance.\n\n## \u2018Preliminary hearing\u2019\n\nYou may be asked to go to an initial hearing (called a preliminary hearing) with the judge to decide on things like:\n\n- the date and time of a hearing\n\n- how long the hearing should take\n\nThe tribunal will let you know if you\u2019ll have to give evidence or provide any extra information.\n\n## Arrange documents\n\nYou can ask the claimant for documents that will help you with the case, and they can request documents from you.\n\nExamples of documents include:\n\n- a contract of employment\n\n- pay slips\n\n- details of a pension scheme\n\n- notes from relevant meetings\n\nUsually the tribunal will issue an order setting out a timetable for when you should exchange documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how many copies of each document to bring to the hearing.\n\n## Organise witnesses\n\nYou can bring witnesses to the hearing if they can give evidence directly relevant to the case.\n\nIf you ask a witness to attend and they do not want to, you can ask the tribunal to order them to come. You must apply in writing to the tribunal office dealing with the case, giving:\n\n- the name and address of the witness\n\n- details of what the witness may be able to say and how it will help the case\n\n- the reason the witness has refused to attend (if they gave you one)\n\nYou\u2019ll most likely be responsible for paying the witness\u2019s expenses.\n\n## At the hearing\n\nCases are normally held at the employment tribunal office closest to where you worked.\n\nYou must take the documents you\u2019re using to support the case.\n\nYou cannot claim for expenses for going to the hearing.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll present the case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, such as a lawyer, friend or family member. The claimant will present their case against you.\n\nYou may be asked questions by:\n\n- the judge\n\n- the claimant\n\n- 2 other tribunal members (only in certain tribunals)\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the decision in the post a few days or weeks after the hearing. The decision will be published on GOV.UK. In certain cases you may also be given the decision at the hearing.\n\n## If you win the case\n\nIn most cases, you will not be awarded any compensation if you win. However, if the claimant acted unreasonably or if their case had no hope of success, you can ask to be awarded costs by the tribunal.\n\n## If you lose the case\n\nIf you lose, the tribunal can order you to do certain things depending on the type of case. Examples include:\n\n- giving the claimant their job back\n\n- paying compensation if you cannot give the claimant their job back\n\n- paying witness expenses\n\n- paying damages or loss of earnings\n\n## Pay compensation\n\nPaying compensation is the most common outcome of a tribunal. There can be limits to the amount of money a tribunal can award. There\u2019s no limit in cases of discrimination.\n\nThe tribunal usually works out the amount based on the financial loss the person has suffered as a result of your actions.\n\nInterest is calculated from the day the judgment is received, but you will not have to pay interest if you pay the full compensation award within 14 days.\n\nYou can be taken to court and forced to pay. You can also be fined and named online by the government if you do not pay.\n\n## Pay back state benefits\n\nYou might have to pay back any Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance, Income Support or Employment Support Allowance (ESA) that the claimant claimed while taking their case to the tribunal.\n\nThis is to prevent them from getting paid twice.\n\nThe tribunal and the Compensation Recovery Unit will tell you what you need to do and how much to pay.\n\n## If you disagree with a tribunal decision\n\nYou can ask the tribunal to reconsider the decision if you lose the case.\n\nYou must write to the tribunal office within 14 days of getting the decision, saying why you want it to be reconsidered.\n\nYou need to give good reasons, such as:\n\n- the tribunal made a mistake in the way it reached its decision\n\n- you were not told about the hearing\n\n- new evidence has turned up since the hearing\n\nSend your letter to the tribunal office that dealt with the case.\n\n## Appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal\n\nYou can also appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal if you think the employment tribunal made a legal mistake.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Employment Tribunal follows certain rules and processes that you also have to follow.\n\nYou can also read other relevant tribunal rules and regulations.\n\nThe tribunal has issued guidance and practice directions which provides more information about specific areas, such as postponing hearings and serving documents.\n\nYou can also read guidance about specific cases.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can be taken to an employment tribunal by an employee or someone else (for example a job applicant or trade union) over various issues, including:

    ", + "
  • pay
    • ", + "
  • dismissal
    • ", + "
  • discrimination
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to you (the \u2018respondent\u2019) and the other party (the \u2018claimant\u2019) before making a decision.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay compensation or reinstate the claimant if you lose the case.

    ", + "

    Solve the dispute without a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) if someone wants to make a claim against you. They\u2019ll offer to work with you and the claimant to try to solve the problem without it going to a tribunal - this is called \u2018conciliation\u2019.

    ", + "

    Call Acas for help and advice.

    ", + "

    Respond to a claim

    ", + "

    The tribunal will send you a letter (known as a \u2018response pack\u2019) if a claim has been made against you and conciliation has not worked. You can respond either:

    ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "
  • by filling out and returning the response pack you\u2019re sent
    • ", + "
  • by downloading and filling in the response form and sending it to the tribunal office dealing with the case
    • ", + "

    Read the response guidance before you fill in the form.

    ", + "

    You must respond to the claim within 28 days.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get more time to respond - ask the tribunal. If you\u2019re late or do not respond, the tribunal may make a decision against you without a hearing.

    ", + "

    Offer the claimant compensation

    ", + "

    You can try to settle the case at any time by offering to pay compensation to the claimant (known as a \u2018settlement agreement\u2019).

    ", + "

    Get help or legal advice

    ", + "

    You may want to get legal advice if a claim is made against you.

    ", + "

    Call the employment tribunal enquiry line for general guidance on how the process works. They cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Your case will be dealt with by the Office of Industrial Tribunals and the Fair Employment Tribunal.

    ", + "

    Before the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given at least 14 days\u2019 notice before the hearing - you\u2019ll get a letter confirming this. You must prepare documents and arrange for witnesses to attend in advance.

    ", + "

    \u2018Preliminary hearing\u2019

    ", + "

    You may be asked to go to an initial hearing (called a preliminary hearing) with the judge to decide on things like:

    ", + "
  • the date and time of a hearing
    • ", + "
  • how long the hearing should take
    • ", + "

    The tribunal will let you know if you\u2019ll have to give evidence or provide any extra information.

    ", + "

    Arrange documents

    ", + "

    You can ask the claimant for documents that will help you with the case, and they can request documents from you.

    ", + "

    Examples of documents include:

    ", + "
  • a contract of employment
    • ", + "
  • pay slips
    • ", + "
  • details of a pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • notes from relevant meetings
    • ", + "

    Usually the tribunal will issue an order setting out a timetable for when you should exchange documents.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how many copies of each document to bring to the hearing.

    ", + "

    Organise witnesses

    ", + "

    You can bring witnesses to the hearing if they can give evidence directly relevant to the case.

    ", + "

    If you ask a witness to attend and they do not want to, you can ask the tribunal to order them to come. You must apply in writing to the tribunal office dealing with the case, giving:

    ", + "
  • the name and address of the witness
    • ", + "
  • details of what the witness may be able to say and how it will help the case
    • ", + "
  • the reason the witness has refused to attend (if they gave you one)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll most likely be responsible for paying the witness\u2019s expenses.

    ", + "

    At the hearing

    ", + "

    Cases are normally held at the employment tribunal office closest to where you worked.

    ", + "

    You must take the documents you\u2019re using to support the case.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for expenses for going to the hearing.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll present the case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, such as a lawyer, friend or family member. The claimant will present their case against you.

    ", + "

    You may be asked questions by:

    ", + "
  • the judge
    • ", + "
  • the claimant
    • ", + "
  • 2 other tribunal members (only in certain tribunals)
    • ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent the decision in the post a few days or weeks after the hearing. The decision will be published on GOV.UK. In certain cases you may also be given the decision at the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you win the case

    ", + "

    In most cases, you will not be awarded any compensation if you win. However, if the claimant acted unreasonably or if their case had no hope of success, you can ask to be awarded costs by the tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you lose the case

    ", + "

    If you lose, the tribunal can order you to do certain things depending on the type of case. Examples include:

    ", + "
  • giving the claimant their job back
    • ", + "
  • paying compensation if you cannot give the claimant their job back
    • ", + "
  • paying witness expenses
    • ", + "
  • paying damages or loss of earnings
    • ", + "

    Pay compensation

    ", + "

    Paying compensation is the most common outcome of a tribunal. There can be limits to the amount of money a tribunal can award. There\u2019s no limit in cases of discrimination.

    ", + "

    The tribunal usually works out the amount based on the financial loss the person has suffered as a result of your actions.

    ", + "

    Interest is calculated from the day the judgment is received, but you will not have to pay interest if you pay the full compensation award within 14 days.

    ", + "

    You can be taken to court and forced to pay. You can also be fined and named online by the government if you do not pay.

    ", + "

    Pay back state benefits

    ", + "

    You might have to pay back any Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance, Income Support or Employment Support Allowance (ESA) that the claimant claimed while taking their case to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    This is to prevent them from getting paid twice.

    ", + "

    The tribunal and the Compensation Recovery Unit will tell you what you need to do and how much to pay.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a tribunal decision

    ", + "

    You can ask the tribunal to reconsider the decision if you lose the case.

    ", + "

    You must write to the tribunal office within 14 days of getting the decision, saying why you want it to be reconsidered.

    ", + "

    You need to give good reasons, such as:

    ", + "
  • the tribunal made a mistake in the way it reached its decision
    • ", + "
  • you were not told about the hearing
    • ", + "
  • new evidence has turned up since the hearing
    • ", + "

    Send your letter to the tribunal office that dealt with the case.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal

    ", + "

    You can also appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal if you think the employment tribunal made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The Employment Tribunal follows certain rules and processes that you also have to follow.

    ", + "

    You can also read other relevant tribunal rules and regulations.

    ", + "

    The tribunal has issued guidance and practice directions which provides more information about specific areas, such as postponing hearings and serving documents.

    ", + "

    You can also read guidance about specific cases.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-solicitors-bill": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-solicitors-bill", + "title": "Challenge your solicitor's bill", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can challenge your solicitor\u2019s bill if you think you\u2019ve been charged too much.\n\nAsk the Senior Courts Costs Office to make a \u2018detailed assessment\u2019 of your bill. They can reduce your bill if they agree it\u2019s too expensive.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you want to complain about your solicitor\u2019s behaviour.\n\n## Before you apply\n\nTry to solve the problem with your solicitor before contacting the court.\n\nYou can complain to your solicitor directly by following their complaints procedure.\n\nYou can also get free legal help and advice from:\n\n- your local Citizens Advice Bureau\n\n- your local Law Centre\n\n- the Royal Courts of Justice Advice Bureau\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou must apply to the court before asking for a detailed assessment. You must do this within one month of getting your solicitor\u2019s bill.\n\nIf you do not, you can still apply within a year of getting the bill, but the court might ask you to pay part or all of what you owe upfront. You\u2019ll get back what you\u2019ve overpaid if the judge agrees you\u2019ve been charged too much.\n\nYou might also be able to apply if you\u2019ve already paid your solicitor\u2019s bill or it\u2019s been over a year since you got it. You can only do this in special circumstances - you must explain what these are when you apply.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in 3 copies of Part 8 claim form (N208). You must pay \u00a345.\n\nSend a cheque made payable to \u2018HMCTS\u2019 with all 3 copies of your completed form and a copy of your solicitor\u2019s bill to:\n\nYou can apply to your local District Registry (a court that deals with certain High Court cases) instead if you live outside of London.\n\nApply to your nearest county court if the original case was dealt with by a county court and your solicitor\u2019s bill is for \u00a35,000 or less.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe court will keep one copy of your claim form. The other copies will be sent to you and your solicitor and stamped with an issue date.\n\nYou\u2019ll then get an \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 from your solicitor confirming they\u2019ve seen your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to attend a hearing if your solicitor does not think you should have a detailed assessment. You\u2019ll get a \u2018notice of hearing\u2019 from the court saying when and where the hearing will take place.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from your solicitor if they agree to a detailed assessment. Send a copy of this letter to the court.\n\nIf your solicitor does not challenge your application, you can ask them to give their consent. If they agree then the court might decide neither of you will need to go to the hearing.\n\n## If you have a hearing\n\nBoth you and the other side will present your case to a Costs Judge (or a District Judge if the hearing is held outside London).\n\nYou must bring with you copies of any documents you\u2019ve sent to the court as part of your application.\n\nThe court will decide whether to order a detailed assessment. You\u2019ll get the decision then or by post within a few days of the hearing.\n\n## If you disagree with the decision\n\nYou can make an appeal if you disagree with the court\u2019s decision.\n\nYou must get permission before you appeal - you can ask the Costs Judge at the hearing.\n\nYou can ask the appeal court for permission if you\u2019re refused or do not ask for it at the hearing. Read leaflet EX340 for more information.\n\n## Get a detailed assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a court order after the hearing that says whether you can have a detailed assessment.\n\nThe detailed assessment will take place at another hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in request form (N258C). You must also pay a court fee. How much you pay will depend on the size of your solicitor\u2019s bill.\n\n| Amount on your solicitor\u2019s bill | Fee |\n\n| \u00a315,000 or less | \u00a3335 |\n\n| \u00a315,000.01 to \u00a350,000 | \u00a3675 |\n\n| \u00a350,000.01 to \u00a3100,000 | \u00a31,005 |\n\n| \u00a3100,000.01 to \u00a3150,000 | \u00a31,345 |\n\n| \u00a3150,000.01 to \u00a3200,000 | \u00a31,680 |\n\n| \u00a3200,000.01 to \u00a3300,000 | \u00a32,520 |\n\n| \u00a3300,000.01 to \u00a3500,000 | \u00a34,200 |\n\n| \u00a3500,000.01 or more | \u00a35,600 |\n\n## Other fees\n\nYou must pay your own costs and the other party\u2019s reasonable costs of the detailed assessment, unless:\n\n- the judge reduces your solicitor\u2019s bill by 20% or more\n\n- there are special circumstances, for example you originally offered to settle the bill for an amount more than the final amount fixed by the court\n\nHow much you pay will depend on how much time your solicitor has spent in court - this is usually worked out from their hourly rate.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can challenge your solicitor\u2019s bill if you think you\u2019ve been charged too much.

    ", + "

    Ask the Senior Courts Costs Office to make a \u2018detailed assessment\u2019 of your bill. They can reduce your bill if they agree it\u2019s too expensive.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you want to complain about your solicitor\u2019s behaviour.

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    Try to solve the problem with your solicitor before contacting the court.

    ", + "

    You can complain to your solicitor directly by following their complaints procedure.

    ", + "

    You can also get free legal help and advice from:

    ", + "
  • your local Citizens Advice Bureau
    • ", + "
  • your local Law Centre
    • ", + "
  • the Royal Courts of Justice Advice Bureau
    • ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply to the court before asking for a detailed assessment. You must do this within one month of getting your solicitor\u2019s bill.

    ", + "

    If you do not, you can still apply within a year of getting the bill, but the court might ask you to pay part or all of what you owe upfront. You\u2019ll get back what you\u2019ve overpaid if the judge agrees you\u2019ve been charged too much.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to apply if you\u2019ve already paid your solicitor\u2019s bill or it\u2019s been over a year since you got it. You can only do this in special circumstances - you must explain what these are when you apply.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in 3 copies of Part 8 claim form (N208). You must pay \u00a345.

    ", + "

    Send a cheque made payable to \u2018HMCTS\u2019 with all 3 copies of your completed form and a copy of your solicitor\u2019s bill to:

    ", + "

    You can apply to your local District Registry (a court that deals with certain High Court cases) instead if you live outside of London.

    ", + "

    Apply to your nearest county court if the original case was dealt with by a county court and your solicitor\u2019s bill is for \u00a35,000 or less.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The court will keep one copy of your claim form. The other copies will be sent to you and your solicitor and stamped with an issue date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then get an \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 from your solicitor confirming they\u2019ve seen your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to attend a hearing if your solicitor does not think you should have a detailed assessment. You\u2019ll get a \u2018notice of hearing\u2019 from the court saying when and where the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from your solicitor if they agree to a detailed assessment. Send a copy of this letter to the court.

    ", + "

    If your solicitor does not challenge your application, you can ask them to give their consent. If they agree then the court might decide neither of you will need to go to the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you have a hearing

    ", + "

    Both you and the other side will present your case to a Costs Judge (or a District Judge if the hearing is held outside London).

    ", + "

    You must bring with you copies of any documents you\u2019ve sent to the court as part of your application.

    ", + "

    The court will decide whether to order a detailed assessment. You\u2019ll get the decision then or by post within a few days of the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the decision

    ", + "

    You can make an appeal if you disagree with the court\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    You must get permission before you appeal - you can ask the Costs Judge at the hearing.

    ", + "

    You can ask the appeal court for permission if you\u2019re refused or do not ask for it at the hearing. Read leaflet EX340 for more information.

    ", + "

    Get a detailed assessment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a court order after the hearing that says whether you can have a detailed assessment.

    ", + "

    The detailed assessment will take place at another hearing.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in request form (N258C). You must also pay a court fee. How much you pay will depend on the size of your solicitor\u2019s bill.

    ", + "Amount on your solicitor\u2019s bill | Fee", + "\u00a315,000 or less | \u00a3335", + "\u00a315,000.01 to \u00a350,000 | \u00a3675", + "\u00a350,000.01 to \u00a3100,000 | \u00a31,005", + "\u00a3100,000.01 to \u00a3150,000 | \u00a31,345", + "\u00a3150,000.01 to \u00a3200,000 | \u00a31,680", + "\u00a3200,000.01 to \u00a3300,000 | \u00a32,520", + "\u00a3300,000.01 to \u00a3500,000 | \u00a34,200", + "\u00a3500,000.01 or more | \u00a35,600", + "

    Other fees

    ", + "

    You must pay your own costs and the other party\u2019s reasonable costs of the detailed assessment, unless:

    ", + "
  • the judge reduces your solicitor\u2019s bill by 20% or more
    • ", + "
  • there are special circumstances, for example you originally offered to settle the bill for an amount more than the final amount fixed by the court
    • ", + "

    How much you pay will depend on how much time your solicitor has spent in court - this is usually worked out from their hourly rate.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/community-sentences": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/community-sentences", + "title": "Community sentences", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may get a community sentence if you\u2019re convicted of a crime by a court but are not sent to prison.\n\nYou may have to do unpaid work in your local community, like removing graffiti. This is called Community Payback.\n\nCommunity sentences can be given for crimes such as:\n\n- damaging property\n\n- benefit fraud\n\n- assault\n\nYou may get a community sentence if:\n\n- the court thinks you\u2019re more likely to stop committing crime than if you go to prison\n\n- it\u2019s the first time you have committed a crime\n\n- you have a mental health condition that affects your behaviour\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland.\n\n## Community Payback\n\nCommunity Payback is unpaid work like:\n\n- removing graffiti\n\n- clearing wasteland\n\n- decorating public places and buildings\u00a0- for example, a community centre\n\nYou will usually work in your local area, and be managed by a Community Payback supervisor. You must wear a high visibility orange vest while you work.\n\nYou can expect to complete anything from 40 to 300 hours of Community Payback, depending on how serious your crime was.\n\nYou have to work 3 or 4 days each week if you\u2019re unemployed.\n\nThe Community Payback work will be arranged outside your working hours if you have a job, for example evenings or weekends.\n\n## Treatment and programmes\n\nThe treatment or programmes you get are intended to help with problems that led you to commit crime in the first place. They\u2019re also to stop you committing more crime.\n\nProgrammes and treatment could be to help with:\n\n- any addictions you have, for example drugs\n\n- a mental health condition\n\n- getting new skills and qualifications\n\nDepending on the treatment or programme, it could involve:\n\n- counselling sessions\u00a0- where you get support from a medical professional\n\n- drug testing\n\n- \u2018accredited programmes\u2019, such as anger management courses, to help with your behaviour\n\n- mental health treatment with a doctor or psychologist\n\n- improving your reading and writing\n\n- getting help with a job application\n\n- learning interview skills\n\n- meeting people who were affected by your offence, as part of a restorative justice programme\n\nIf you don\u2019t complete a treatment or programme, or fail a drugs test, you could be sent back to court and your punishment could increase.\n\n## What you can and can\u2019t do while on a community sentence\n\nWhat you can and can\u2019t do while on a community sentence is decided by:\n\n- a court when you are sentenced\n\n- the person dealing with your sentence once it\u2019s started\u00a0- called the \u2018offender manager\u2019\n\nThis can include:\n\n- being at a particular place at certain times - known as a \u2018curfew\u2019\n\n- wearing an electronic tag to check that you stay there\n\n- appointments with an offender manager\n\n- being stopped from going to certain places or areas, for example your victim\u2019s home\n\n- being stopped from taking part in certain activities, for example going to a pub or a bar\n\n- being told where you have to live, for example a family member\u2019s home\n\nIf you don\u2019t stick to the rules while you\u2019re on a community sentence, you could get a warning or be sent back to court, and your punishment could increase.\n\n## Community sentences if you are under 18\n\nCommunity sentences for young people are different from those given to adults.\n\nThere are 3 main community sentences a court can give you:\n\n- referral orders \u2013 when, with a panel of people from your local community and your youth justice workers, you are asked to agree a programme of work to address your behaviour\n\n- reparation orders \u2013 when you make up for the harm caused by your crime, like repairing any damage to the victim\u2019s property\n\n- Youth Rehabilitation Order \u2013 when a court decides on different things that you have to do or must not do, which can last for up to 3 years\n\nYou can also be given a discharge, when the court decides that the experience of being arrested and going to court is enough of a punishment.\n\nAs part of your community sentence you may also have to speak to the victim and:\n\n- listen to their side of the story\n\n- apologise to them, either in writing or, if the victim wants, face-to-face\n\nIf you break the rules of your community sentence you could end up back in court, and if you have recently been released from custody you could be sent back.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may get a community sentence if you\u2019re convicted of a crime by a court but are not sent to prison.

    ", + "

    You may have to do unpaid work in your local community, like removing graffiti. This is called Community Payback.

    ", + "

    Community sentences can be given for crimes such as:

    ", + "
  • damaging property
    • ", + "
  • benefit fraud
    • ", + "
  • assault
    • ", + "

    You may get a community sentence if:

    ", + "
  • the court thinks you\u2019re more likely to stop committing crime than if you go to prison
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s the first time you have committed a crime
    • ", + "
  • you have a mental health condition that affects your behaviour
    • ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Community Payback

    ", + "

    Community Payback is unpaid work like:

    ", + "
  • removing graffiti
    • ", + "
  • clearing wasteland
    • ", + "
  • decorating public places and buildings\u00a0- for example, a community centre
    • ", + "

    You will usually work in your local area, and be managed by a Community Payback supervisor. You must wear a high visibility orange vest while you work.

    ", + "

    You can expect to complete anything from 40 to 300 hours of Community Payback, depending on how serious your crime was.

    ", + "

    You have to work 3 or 4 days each week if you\u2019re unemployed.

    ", + "

    The Community Payback work will be arranged outside your working hours if you have a job, for example evenings or weekends.

    ", + "

    Treatment and programmes

    ", + "

    The treatment or programmes you get are intended to help with problems that led you to commit crime in the first place. They\u2019re also to stop you committing more crime.

    ", + "

    Programmes and treatment could be to help with:

    ", + "
  • any addictions you have, for example drugs
    • ", + "
  • a mental health condition
    • ", + "
  • getting new skills and qualifications
    • ", + "

    Depending on the treatment or programme, it could involve:

    ", + "
  • counselling sessions\u00a0- where you get support from a medical professional
    • ", + "
  • drug testing
    • ", + "
  • \u2018accredited programmes\u2019, such as anger management courses, to help with your behaviour
    • ", + "
  • mental health treatment with a doctor or psychologist
    • ", + "
  • improving your reading and writing
    • ", + "
  • getting help with a job application
    • ", + "
  • learning interview skills
    • ", + "
  • meeting people who were affected by your offence, as part of a restorative justice programme
    • ", + "

    If you don\u2019t complete a treatment or programme, or fail a drugs test, you could be sent back to court and your punishment could increase.

    ", + "

    What you can and can\u2019t do while on a community sentence

    ", + "

    What you can and can\u2019t do while on a community sentence is decided by:

    ", + "
  • a court when you are sentenced
    • ", + "
  • the person dealing with your sentence once it\u2019s started\u00a0- called the \u2018offender manager\u2019
    • ", + "

    This can include:

    ", + "
  • being at a particular place at certain times - known as a \u2018curfew\u2019
    • ", + "
  • wearing an electronic tag to check that you stay there
    • ", + "
  • appointments with an offender manager
    • ", + "
  • being stopped from going to certain places or areas, for example your victim\u2019s home
    • ", + "
  • being stopped from taking part in certain activities, for example going to a pub or a bar
    • ", + "
  • being told where you have to live, for example a family member\u2019s home
    • ", + "

    If you don\u2019t stick to the rules while you\u2019re on a community sentence, you could get a warning or be sent back to court, and your punishment could increase.

    ", + "

    Community sentences if you are under 18

    ", + "

    Community sentences for young people are different from those given to adults.

    ", + "

    There are 3 main community sentences a court can give you:

    ", + "
  • referral orders \u2013 when, with a panel of people from your local community and your youth justice workers, you are asked to agree a programme of work to address your behaviour
    • ", + "
  • reparation orders \u2013 when you make up for the harm caused by your crime, like repairing any damage to the victim\u2019s property
    • ", + "
  • Youth Rehabilitation Order \u2013 when a court decides on different things that you have to do or must not do, which can last for up to 3 years
    • ", + "

    You can also be given a discharge, when the court decides that the experience of being arrested and going to court is enough of a punishment.

    ", + "

    As part of your community sentence you may also have to speak to the victim and:

    ", + "
  • listen to their side of the story
    • ", + "
  • apologise to them, either in writing or, if the victim wants, face-to-face
    • ", + "

    If you break the rules of your community sentence you could end up back in court, and if you have recently been released from custody you could be sent back.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/courts": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/courts", + "title": "Criminal courts", + "content": "## Magistrates' courts\n\nAll criminal cases start in a magistrates\u2019 court.\n\nCases are heard by either:\n\n- 2 or 3 magistrates\n\n- a district judge\n\nThere is not a jury in a magistrates\u2019 court.\n\n## Cases a magistrates\u2019 court deals with\n\nA magistrates\u2019 court normally handles cases known as \u2018summary offences\u2019, for example:\n\n- most motoring offences\n\n- minor criminal damage\n\n- common assault (not causing significant injury)\n\nIt can also deal with some of the more serious offences, such as:\n\n- burglary\n\n- drugs offences\n\nThese are called \u2018either way\u2019 offences and can be heard either in a magistrates\u2019 court or a Crown Court.\n\nFind your local magistrates\u2019 court.\n\n## Cases that magistrates pass to the Crown Court\n\nMagistrates\u2019 courts always pass the most serious crimes to the Crown Court, for example:\n\n- murder\n\n- rape\n\n- robbery\n\nThese are known as \u2018indictable offences\u2019.\n\n## Being kept in custody or granted bail\n\nIn some cases the magistrates\u2019 court will decide if you should be kept in custody until your next court hearing, or released on bail.\n\nThis may happen if:\n\n- another court hearing is needed\n\n- the court needs more information before passing sentence\n\n- your case is passed to the Crown Court for trial or sentencing\n\nIf you\u2019re released on bail, you might have to follow strict conditions such as keeping away from certain people or places, staying indoors or wearing a tag.\n\nIf you do not attend court after being granted bail, you can be put in prison.\n\n## Sentences a magistrates\u2019 court can give\n\nThe court can give punishments including:\n\n- up to 6 months in prison (or up to 12 months in total for more than one offence)\n\n- a fine\n\n- a community sentence, like doing unpaid work in the community\n\n- a ban, for example from driving or keeping an animal\n\nCourts can also give a combination of punishments - for example a fine and unpaid work in the community.\n\nIf the court decides your sentence should be for longer than 6 months, it can pass your case to the Crown Court for sentencing.\n\n## Appealing a sentence or conviction\n\nIf you disagree with verdict of the magistrates\u2019 court, you may be able to appeal.\n\n## Crown Court\n\n## Types of cases the Crown Court deals with\n\nA Crown Court deals with serious criminal cases, for example:\n\n- murder\n\n- rape\n\n- robbery\n\nIt also deals with:\n\n- appeals against a magistrates\u2019 court conviction or sentence\n\n- cases passed from a magistrates\u2019 court for trial or sentencing\n\nFind a Crown Court.\n\nYou can see what cases a court is hearing each day and check their progress on the court lists.\n\n## Who does what in the court\n\nA Crown Court:\n\n- normally has a jury - which decides if you\u2019re guilty or not\n\n- has a judge - who decides what sentence you get\n\nYour solicitor (if you have one) can explain what happens in court - the judge and court staff will also give instructions about the trial.\n\n## Sentences a Crown Court can give\n\nA Crown Court can give a range of sentences including:\n\n- community sentences\n\n- prison sentences - including life sentences\n\n## Appealing a sentence or conviction\n\nIf you disagree with the Crown Court\u2019s verdict, you may be able to appeal.\n\n## Youth courts\n\nA youth court is a special type of magistrates\u2019 court for people aged between 10 and 17.\n\nA youth court has either:\n\n- 3 magistrates\n\n- a district judge\n\nThere is not a jury in a youth court.\n\nYour parent or guardian must come with you:\n\n- if you\u2019re under 16\n\n- if you\u2019re 16 to 17 and they\u2019re given a court order\n\n## How youth courts are different from adult courts\n\nYouth courts are less formal than adult courts, for example:\n\n- members of the public are not allowed in to the court (unless they get permission)\n\n- you are called by your first name\n\n## Types of cases a youth court deals with\n\nA youth court deals with cases like:\n\n- theft and burglary\n\n- anti-social behaviour\n\n- drugs offences\n\nFor serious crimes, like murder or rape, the case starts in the youth court but will be passed to a Crown Court.\n\n## Sentences a youth court can give\n\nThe court can give a range of sentences including:\n\n- community sentences\n\n- Detention and Training Orders carried out in secure centres for young people\n\n## Appealing a sentence\n\nIf you disagree with the court\u2019s verdict, you may be able to appeal. Court staff can give you information on how to appeal.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Magistrates' courts

    ", + "

    All criminal cases start in a magistrates\u2019 court.

    ", + "

    Cases are heard by either:

    ", + "
  • 2 or 3 magistrates
    • ", + "
  • a district judge
    • ", + "

    There is not a jury in a magistrates\u2019 court.

    ", + "

    Cases a magistrates\u2019 court deals with

    ", + "

    A magistrates\u2019 court normally handles cases known as \u2018summary offences\u2019, for example:

    ", + "
  • most motoring offences
    • ", + "
  • minor criminal damage
    • ", + "
  • common assault (not causing significant injury)
    • ", + "

    It can also deal with some of the more serious offences, such as:

    ", + "
  • burglary
    • ", + "
  • drugs offences
    • ", + "

    These are called \u2018either way\u2019 offences and can be heard either in a magistrates\u2019 court or a Crown Court.

    ", + "

    Find your local magistrates\u2019 court.

    ", + "

    Cases that magistrates pass to the Crown Court

    ", + "

    Magistrates\u2019 courts always pass the most serious crimes to the Crown Court, for example:

    ", + "
  • murder
    • ", + "
  • rape
    • ", + "
  • robbery
    • ", + "

    These are known as \u2018indictable offences\u2019.

    ", + "

    Being kept in custody or granted bail

    ", + "

    In some cases the magistrates\u2019 court will decide if you should be kept in custody until your next court hearing, or released on bail.

    ", + "

    This may happen if:

    ", + "
  • another court hearing is needed
    • ", + "
  • the court needs more information before passing sentence
    • ", + "
  • your case is passed to the Crown Court for trial or sentencing
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re released on bail, you might have to follow strict conditions such as keeping away from certain people or places, staying indoors or wearing a tag.

    ", + "

    If you do not attend court after being granted bail, you can be put in prison.

    ", + "

    Sentences a magistrates\u2019 court can give

    ", + "

    The court can give punishments including:

    ", + "
  • up to 6 months in prison (or up to 12 months in total for more than one offence)
    • ", + "
  • a fine
    • ", + "
  • a community sentence, like doing unpaid work in the community
    • ", + "
  • a ban, for example from driving or keeping an animal
    • ", + "

    Courts can also give a combination of punishments - for example a fine and unpaid work in the community.

    ", + "

    If the court decides your sentence should be for longer than 6 months, it can pass your case to the Crown Court for sentencing.

    ", + "

    Appealing a sentence or conviction

    ", + "

    If you disagree with verdict of the magistrates\u2019 court, you may be able to appeal.

    ", + "

    Crown Court

    ", + "

    Types of cases the Crown Court deals with

    ", + "

    A Crown Court deals with serious criminal cases, for example:

    ", + "
  • murder
    • ", + "
  • rape
    • ", + "
  • robbery
    • ", + "

    It also deals with:

    ", + "
  • appeals against a magistrates\u2019 court conviction or sentence
    • ", + "
  • cases passed from a magistrates\u2019 court for trial or sentencing
    • ", + "

    Find a Crown Court.

    ", + "

    You can see what cases a court is hearing each day and check their progress on the court lists.

    ", + "

    Who does what in the court

    ", + "

    A Crown Court:

    ", + "
  • normally has a jury - which decides if you\u2019re guilty or not
    • ", + "
  • has a judge - who decides what sentence you get
    • ", + "

    Your solicitor (if you have one) can explain what happens in court - the judge and court staff will also give instructions about the trial.

    ", + "

    Sentences a Crown Court can give

    ", + "

    A Crown Court can give a range of sentences including:

    ", + "
  • community sentences
    • ", + "
  • prison sentences - including life sentences
    • ", + "

    Appealing a sentence or conviction

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the Crown Court\u2019s verdict, you may be able to appeal.

    ", + "

    Youth courts

    ", + "

    A youth court is a special type of magistrates\u2019 court for people aged between 10 and 17.

    ", + "

    A youth court has either:

    ", + "
  • 3 magistrates
    • ", + "
  • a district judge
    • ", + "

    There is not a jury in a youth court.

    ", + "

    Your parent or guardian must come with you:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re under 16
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re 16 to 17 and they\u2019re given a court order
    • ", + "

    How youth courts are different from adult courts

    ", + "

    Youth courts are less formal than adult courts, for example:

    ", + "
  • members of the public are not allowed in to the court (unless they get permission)
    • ", + "
  • you are called by your first name
    • ", + "

    Types of cases a youth court deals with

    ", + "

    A youth court deals with cases like:

    ", + "
  • theft and burglary
    • ", + "
  • anti-social behaviour
    • ", + "
  • drugs offences
    • ", + "

    For serious crimes, like murder or rape, the case starts in the youth court but will be passed to a Crown Court.

    ", + "

    Sentences a youth court can give

    ", + "

    The court can give a range of sentences including:

    ", + "
  • community sentences
    • ", + "
  • Detention and Training Orders carried out in secure centres for young people
    • ", + "

    Appealing a sentence

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the court\u2019s verdict, you may be able to appeal. Court staff can give you information on how to appeal.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/drink-drive-course": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drink-drive-course", + "title": "Drink-drive rehabilitation courses", + "content": "## When you can take a course\n\nYou can be offered a rehabilitation course to reduce your driving ban if:\n\n- you\u2019re found guilty of a drink-drive offence\n\n- your ban is for 12 months or more\n\nYou have to pay to take the course. It can cost up to \u00a3250.\n\n## Reducing the length of your ban\n\nYour ban will be reduced if you complete the course within a certain time. The ban is usually reduced by a quarter.\n\n## Deciding to take a course\n\nYou have to decide in court if you want to take a course or not. You cannot change your mind later.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for taking a drink-drive course in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Choose a course\n\nBefore you go to court, find a drink-drive course that you want to take if you\u2019re found guilty and offered a course.\n\nThe court will send your details to the course provider. They\u2019ll then send you details of:\n\n- the available course dates\n\n- when you must complete your course by\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for completing the course by the deadline.\n\n## Changing courses\n\nYou can change to another course with a different provider at any point before you book. It\u2019s free to change your course.\n\nAsk the provider of the course you\u2019d originally chosen to arrange this.\n\n## How the course works\n\nThe course aims to stop you from drink-driving again. They:\n\n- are face-to-face\n\n- take place over 16 hours (usually run on 3 days spread over 3 weeks)\n\n- will have other drink-drive offenders at them\n\nThe course syllabus tells you more about what\u2019s covered during the course.\n\n## After the course\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018certificate of course completion\u2019 from the course provider when you complete the course. They\u2019ll also send a copy to the court that sentenced you.\n\nThe court will tell DVLA so that your driving ban is reduced.\n\nYour driving ban will not be reduced if you do not complete the course or do not pay for your course.\n\n## If you\u2019re a \u2018high risk offender\u2019\n\nYou need to reapply for a driving licence and take a medical if you\u2019re classified as a \u2018high risk offender\u2019. Check with your course provider if you\u2019re not sure if you are.\n\n## Complain about a course\n\nComplain to the course provider if you\u2019re not happy with the course.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency if you cannot sort out the problem with the course provider.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can take a course

    ", + "

    You can be offered a rehabilitation course to reduce your driving ban if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re found guilty of a drink-drive offence
    • ", + "
  • your ban is for 12 months or more
    • ", + "

    You have to pay to take the course. It can cost up to \u00a3250.

    ", + "

    Reducing the length of your ban

    ", + "

    Your ban will be reduced if you complete the course within a certain time. The ban is usually reduced by a quarter.

    ", + "

    Deciding to take a course

    ", + "

    You have to decide in court if you want to take a course or not. You cannot change your mind later.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for taking a drink-drive course in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Choose a course

    ", + "

    Before you go to court, find a drink-drive course that you want to take if you\u2019re found guilty and offered a course.

    ", + "

    The court will send your details to the course provider. They\u2019ll then send you details of:

    ", + "
  • the available course dates
    • ", + "
  • when you must complete your course by
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for completing the course by the deadline.

    ", + "

    Changing courses

    ", + "

    You can change to another course with a different provider at any point before you book. It\u2019s free to change your course.

    ", + "

    Ask the provider of the course you\u2019d originally chosen to arrange this.

    ", + "

    How the course works

    ", + "

    The course aims to stop you from drink-driving again. They:

    ", + "
  • are face-to-face
    • ", + "
  • take place over 16 hours (usually run on 3 days spread over 3 weeks)
    • ", + "
  • will have other drink-drive offenders at them
    • ", + "

    The course syllabus tells you more about what\u2019s covered during the course.

    ", + "

    After the course

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018certificate of course completion\u2019 from the course provider when you complete the course. They\u2019ll also send a copy to the court that sentenced you.

    ", + "

    The court will tell DVLA so that your driving ban is reduced.

    ", + "

    Your driving ban will not be reduced if you do not complete the course or do not pay for your course.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a \u2018high risk offender\u2019

    ", + "

    You need to reapply for a driving licence and take a medical if you\u2019re classified as a \u2018high risk offender\u2019. Check with your course provider if you\u2019re not sure if you are.

    ", + "

    Complain about a course

    ", + "

    Complain to the course provider if you\u2019re not happy with the course.

    ", + "

    Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency if you cannot sort out the problem with the course provider.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/going-to-court-victim-witness": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/going-to-court-victim-witness", + "title": "Going to court to give evidence as a victim or witness", + "content": "## Before the trial\n\nIf you\u2019re a victim of crime or a witness for the prosecution, a \u2018witness care officer\u2019 will tell you which court to go to, and when to go there.\n\nIf you\u2019re a witness for the defence, the defence lawyer will tell you when you have to go to court.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be given a fixed date to go to court.\n\nSometimes you\u2019ll be given a 2 to 4 week period that you\u2019ll need to keep free - this is known as a \u2018warned period\u2019 or \u2018floating trial\u2019. If this happens, you\u2019ll be given 1 working day\u2019s notice before you are due to go to court.\n\nYou must tell your witness care officer or the defence lawyer straight away if you cannot make the date of the trial.\n\n## Help getting to the court\n\nThere\u2019s different support if you\u2019re going to court as a witness in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## You\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness\n\nAsk the witness care officer for help if you cannot easily travel to court. They might be able to provide transport.\n\nYou might be able to give evidence through a video link if you live far away from the court, or find it very difficult to get there. Ask your witness care officer if this is available.\n\n## You\u2019re a defence witness\n\nSpeak to the defence lawyer if you need help with getting to court.\n\nYou might be able to give evidence through a video link if you live far away from the court, or find it very difficult to get there. Ask the defence lawyer if this is possible.\n\n## Help in the courtroom if you have a disability\n\nCheck which facilities are available in the court you\u2019re going to.\n\nContact the court to talk about your needs, or if you need any other help.\n\n## Sign language\n\nYou can usually get a British Sign Language (BSL) translator for the trial if you find it difficult to understand spoken English.\n\nAsk the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) if you\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness.\n\nAsk the defence lawyer if you\u2019re a defence witness.\n\n## Translators\n\nIf you do not understand English, you can usually get someone to translate or interpret the trial for free.\nAsk the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) to arrange a translator if you\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness.\n\nIf you\u2019re a defence witness, ask the defence lawyer if you can get a translator.\n\n## Preparing to give evidence\n\nContact the Citizens Advice Witness Service to help prepare for the day.\n\nBefore the trial, they can:\n\n- show you around the court so you know what to expect on the day (sometimes called a pre-trial visit)\n\n- explain the court process and who\u2019s who in the courtroom\n\n- come to your home or anywhere you feel safe to answer your questions\n\n## Your statement\n\nIf you\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness, you can ask the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) to see your statement again before you go to court to refresh your memory.\n\nYou can add things to your statement if you remember them later on, but you cannot withdraw it.\n\n## You\u2019re a victim of crime\n\nAs well as the statement you gave the police when you reported the crime, you can also make a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019 (sometimes known as an \u2018impact statement\u2019). This can be read out in court.\n\nYou can include information about how the crime has affected you:\n\n- physically\n\n- mentally\n\n- emotionally\n\n- financially\n\nYou can also mention any worries you have about the defendant being released on bail.\n\nWhen you give your victim personal statement to the police, tell them if you\u2019d prefer to read it out in court yourself, or have someone else to do it for you.\n\nThe court will decide if your statement will be read out in part or in full.\n\nMaking a victim statement is different if you\u2019re in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Extra support in the courtroom\n\nThe court may be able to take extra steps to protect you if you:\n\n- are under 18\n\n- have a mental or physical disability\n\n- are afraid to give evidence\n\n- are a victim of a sexual offence\n\n- are a victim of other serious crimes, such as domestic violence or attempted murder\n\nThese steps include:\n\n- screens, so the defendant cannot see you\n\n- giving evidence by video link from somewhere else (the defendant will be able to see you)\n\n- asking the public to leave the courtroom when you give evidence, if the case is about a sexual offence\n\n- recording your evidence in front of a camera before the trial\n\n- having someone explain the questions and help you reply to the court (an \u2018intermediary\u2019)\n\n## How to get extra support\n\nIf you\u2019re the victim or a prosecution witness, speak to your witness care officer or the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS).\n\nIf you\u2019re a defence witness, speak to the defence lawyer.\n\nThe trial judge will then decide what support will be made available to you.\n\n## The day of the trial\n\nWhen you arrive at the court, you\u2019ll need to go through security. Tell the security staff who you are and that you\u2019re a witness or victim. Someone from the Citizens Advice Witness Service will take you to a waiting area if they are available.\n\n## Waiting to give evidence\n\nIf you\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness, there will usually be a separate room where you can wait so you do not meet the defendant or their family and friends.\n\nIf there is not a separate area, speak to court staff - they can make sure you\u2019re safe.\n\nIf anyone tries to intimidate you, tell the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS), your solicitor or the court staff - they\u2019ll report it to the police.\n\nYou might have to wait a long time before you\u2019re asked to go into the courtroom to give evidence. You might not even have to go in at all, for example if the defendant changes their plea to guilty.\n\n## Childcare\n\nIf you bring a child with you, make sure you also bring someone who can take care of them when you\u2019re in the courtroom.\n\n## Help and support on the day\n\nSomeone from the Citizens Advice Witness Service will be at the court, and can:\n\n- go with you when you give evidence\n\n- support you on the day the verdict and sentence are decided if you\u2019re in court\n\n- listen to your concerns in private (but they cannot discuss details of the case)\n\nYou\u2019ll also have someone who will translate or interpret the trial if you arranged it beforehand.\n\n## Young witnesses (under 18)\n\nTalk to the police or child witness care officer if you have concerns about your child. For example, if they\u2019ll need to take breaks or need any help giving evidence.\n\nRead the full guidance on how to prepare your child for court and special measures that are available.\n\nYoung witnesses can get support and find out what to expect at court from:\n\n- guidance for 5 to 11 year olds\n\n- guidance for 12 to 17 year olds\n\n- the Citizens Advice Witness Service\n\n- Childline\n\n- NSPCC\n\n## After you give evidence\n\nCitizens Advice have more information about what happens after you\u2019ve given evidence.\n\n## Expenses for going to court\n\nYou can ask for expenses when you go to court as a:\n\n- prosecution witness - from the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS)\n\n- defence witness - from the defence lawyer\n\nYour employer does not have to pay you for your time off work.\n\nAsk the Citizens Advice Witness Service for help with claiming expenses.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for claiming expenses in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Prosecution witnesses\n\nYou can claim for expenses from the CPS. They\u2019ll pay for things like:\n\n- travelling expenses - the standard or 2nd class fare, or 25p per mile if you drive\n\n- meals and refreshments - \u00a32.25 for up to 5 hours, or \u00a34.50 for 5 to 10 hours\n\n- loss of earnings - \u00a333.50 for up to 4 hours, or \u00a367 for longer (\u00a342.95 or \u00a385.90 if you\u2019re self-employed)\n\n- childcare - up to \u00a367 per day\n\nIf you\u2019re not sent an expenses form before the trial, ask for one from a court usher or someone from the Citizens Advice Witness Service.\n\n## Defence witnesses\n\nIf the court usher does not give you an expenses form, ask the court or the defence lawyer if you\u2019re able to claim expenses for your time in court.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Before the trial

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim of crime or a witness for the prosecution, a \u2018witness care officer\u2019 will tell you which court to go to, and when to go there.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a witness for the defence, the defence lawyer will tell you when you have to go to court.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be given a fixed date to go to court.

    ", + "

    Sometimes you\u2019ll be given a 2 to 4 week period that you\u2019ll need to keep free - this is known as a \u2018warned period\u2019 or \u2018floating trial\u2019. If this happens, you\u2019ll be given 1 working day\u2019s notice before you are due to go to court.

    ", + "

    You must tell your witness care officer or the defence lawyer straight away if you cannot make the date of the trial.

    ", + "

    Help getting to the court

    ", + "

    There\u2019s different support if you\u2019re going to court as a witness in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness

    ", + "

    Ask the witness care officer for help if you cannot easily travel to court. They might be able to provide transport.

    ", + "

    You might be able to give evidence through a video link if you live far away from the court, or find it very difficult to get there. Ask your witness care officer if this is available.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a defence witness

    ", + "

    Speak to the defence lawyer if you need help with getting to court.

    ", + "

    You might be able to give evidence through a video link if you live far away from the court, or find it very difficult to get there. Ask the defence lawyer if this is possible.

    ", + "

    Help in the courtroom if you have a disability

    ", + "

    Check which facilities are available in the court you\u2019re going to.

    ", + "

    Contact the court to talk about your needs, or if you need any other help.

    ", + "

    Sign language

    ", + "

    You can usually get a British Sign Language (BSL) translator for the trial if you find it difficult to understand spoken English.

    ", + "

    Ask the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) if you\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness.

    ", + "

    Ask the defence lawyer if you\u2019re a defence witness.

    ", + "

    Translators

    ", + "

    If you do not understand English, you can usually get someone to translate or interpret the trial for free.\nAsk the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) to arrange a translator if you\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a defence witness, ask the defence lawyer if you can get a translator.

    ", + "

    Preparing to give evidence

    ", + "

    Contact the Citizens Advice Witness Service to help prepare for the day.

    ", + "

    Before the trial, they can:

    ", + "
  • show you around the court so you know what to expect on the day (sometimes called a pre-trial visit)
    • ", + "
  • explain the court process and who\u2019s who in the courtroom
    • ", + "
  • come to your home or anywhere you feel safe to answer your questions
    • ", + "

    Your statement

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness, you can ask the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) to see your statement again before you go to court to refresh your memory.

    ", + "

    You can add things to your statement if you remember them later on, but you cannot withdraw it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a victim of crime

    ", + "

    As well as the statement you gave the police when you reported the crime, you can also make a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019 (sometimes known as an \u2018impact statement\u2019). This can be read out in court.

    ", + "

    You can include information about how the crime has affected you:

    ", + "
  • physically
    • ", + "
  • mentally
    • ", + "
  • emotionally
    • ", + "
  • financially
    • ", + "

    You can also mention any worries you have about the defendant being released on bail.

    ", + "

    When you give your victim personal statement to the police, tell them if you\u2019d prefer to read it out in court yourself, or have someone else to do it for you.

    ", + "

    The court will decide if your statement will be read out in part or in full.

    ", + "

    Making a victim statement is different if you\u2019re in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Extra support in the courtroom

    ", + "

    The court may be able to take extra steps to protect you if you:

    ", + "
  • are under 18
    • ", + "
  • have a mental or physical disability
    • ", + "
  • are afraid to give evidence
    • ", + "
  • are a victim of a sexual offence
    • ", + "
  • are a victim of other serious crimes, such as domestic violence or attempted murder
    • ", + "

    These steps include:

    ", + "
  • screens, so the defendant cannot see you
    • ", + "
  • giving evidence by video link from somewhere else (the defendant will be able to see you)
    • ", + "
  • asking the public to leave the courtroom when you give evidence, if the case is about a sexual offence
    • ", + "
  • recording your evidence in front of a camera before the trial
    • ", + "
  • having someone explain the questions and help you reply to the court (an \u2018intermediary\u2019)
    • ", + "

    How to get extra support

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the victim or a prosecution witness, speak to your witness care officer or the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a defence witness, speak to the defence lawyer.

    ", + "

    The trial judge will then decide what support will be made available to you.

    ", + "

    The day of the trial

    ", + "

    When you arrive at the court, you\u2019ll need to go through security. Tell the security staff who you are and that you\u2019re a witness or victim. Someone from the Citizens Advice Witness Service will take you to a waiting area if they are available.

    ", + "

    Waiting to give evidence

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim or prosecution witness, there will usually be a separate room where you can wait so you do not meet the defendant or their family and friends.

    ", + "

    If there is not a separate area, speak to court staff - they can make sure you\u2019re safe.

    ", + "

    If anyone tries to intimidate you, tell the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS), your solicitor or the court staff - they\u2019ll report it to the police.

    ", + "

    You might have to wait a long time before you\u2019re asked to go into the courtroom to give evidence. You might not even have to go in at all, for example if the defendant changes their plea to guilty.

    ", + "

    Childcare

    ", + "

    If you bring a child with you, make sure you also bring someone who can take care of them when you\u2019re in the courtroom.

    ", + "

    Help and support on the day

    ", + "

    Someone from the Citizens Advice Witness Service will be at the court, and can:

    ", + "
  • go with you when you give evidence
    • ", + "
  • support you on the day the verdict and sentence are decided if you\u2019re in court
    • ", + "
  • listen to your concerns in private (but they cannot discuss details of the case)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have someone who will translate or interpret the trial if you arranged it beforehand.

    ", + "

    Young witnesses (under 18)

    ", + "

    Talk to the police or child witness care officer if you have concerns about your child. For example, if they\u2019ll need to take breaks or need any help giving evidence.

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance on how to prepare your child for court and special measures that are available.

    ", + "

    Young witnesses can get support and find out what to expect at court from:

    ", + "
  • guidance for 5 to 11 year olds
    • ", + "
  • guidance for 12 to 17 year olds
    • ", + "
  • the Citizens Advice Witness Service
    • ", + "
  • Childline
    • ", + "
  • NSPCC
    • ", + "

    After you give evidence

    ", + "

    Citizens Advice have more information about what happens after you\u2019ve given evidence.

    ", + "

    Expenses for going to court

    ", + "

    You can ask for expenses when you go to court as a:

    ", + "
  • prosecution witness - from the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS)
    • ", + "
  • defence witness - from the defence lawyer
    • ", + "

    Your employer does not have to pay you for your time off work.

    ", + "

    Ask the Citizens Advice Witness Service for help with claiming expenses.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for claiming expenses in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Prosecution witnesses

    ", + "

    You can claim for expenses from the CPS. They\u2019ll pay for things like:

    ", + "
  • travelling expenses - the standard or 2nd class fare, or 25p per mile if you drive
    • ", + "
  • meals and refreshments - \u00a32.25 for up to 5 hours, or \u00a34.50 for 5 to 10 hours
    • ", + "
  • loss of earnings - \u00a333.50 for up to 4 hours, or \u00a367 for longer (\u00a342.95 or \u00a385.90 if you\u2019re self-employed)
    • ", + "
  • childcare - up to \u00a367 per day
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sent an expenses form before the trial, ask for one from a court usher or someone from the Citizens Advice Witness Service.

    ", + "

    Defence witnesses

    ", + "

    If the court usher does not give you an expenses form, ask the court or the defence lawyer if you\u2019re able to claim expenses for your time in court.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/bail-immigration-detainees": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bail-immigration-detainees", + "title": "Immigration detention bail", + "content": "## Before you apply\n\nYou can apply for immigration bail if the Home Office is holding you on immigration matters. This means you might be released from detention but you\u2019ll have to obey at least one condition.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply whether you\u2019re held in an immigration removal centre, a detention centre or a prison. You must be held on immigration matters.\n\n## When you\u2019re more likely to get bail\n\nYou\u2019re more likely to get bail if you have a place to stay.\n\nYour application is also more likely to succeed if you have at least one \u2018Financial Condition Supporter\u2019. This is a person who:\n\n- will pay money if you don\u2019t follow the conditions of your bail\n\n- can attend your bail hearing\n\nGive information about where you\u2019ll stay and your Financial Condition Supporters in the application form.\n\n## When you might not get released on bail\n\nYou may find it harder to get bail if you:\n\n- have broken bail conditions in the past\n\n- have a criminal record, and there\u2019s a risk you might reoffend\n\nIf you were refused bail in the last 28 days, you won\u2019t get another hearing unless your situation has changed significantly. Explain what you think has changed in your application.\n\nIf you are refused bail, you\u2019ll get a written statement telling you why.\n\n## If you\u2019re due to be removed from the country\n\nYou might not be released even if you\u2019re granted bail. If your removal date is in the 14 days after you get bail, the Home Office will have to agree to your release.\n\n## Apply for bail\n\nYou can apply for bail in 2 main ways. It depends on your situation. Apply to:\n\n- the Home Secretary (\u2018Secretary of State bail\u2019) any time after you arrive in the UK\n\n- the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) - only if you arrived more than 8 days ago\n\nYou might be automatically referred for a bail hearing if you\u2019ve been in detention for 4 months or more.\n\nIf you are appealing to the Special Immigration Appeals Commission you can apply to them for bail.\n\nA solicitor or legal adviser can help you with a bail application.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\n## Apply for Secretary of State bail\n\nYou can apply to the Home Secretary for bail from the first day you arrive in the UK. This is called \u2019Secretary of State Bail\u2019.\n\nDownload and fill in form BAIL401 explaining why you\u2019re asking for bail.\n\nYou can also get the form from:\n\n- the welfare officer, if you\u2019re in an Immigration Removal Centre\n\n- your detention paperwork pack, if you\u2019re in a prison\n\nYour application will be decided by Home Office staff and there will not be a hearing.\n\n## Apply for bail from the First-tier Tribunal\n\nYou can apply to the independent \u2018First-tier Tribunal\u2019 for bail if you arrived in the UK more than 8 days ago. Your application for bail will be decided by an independent judge at a hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in form B1.\n\nIf you can\u2019t download the form yourself, you can:\n\n- ask the staff at the place where you\u2019re being held\n\n- contact the tribunal - by phone on 0300 123 1711 or by email on customer.service@justice.gov.uk\n\nIf you have a tribunal appeal hearing scheduled, send the form to the tribunal or hearing centre where it\u2019s happening. You can find the address of the venue using the A to Z list.\n\nIf you don\u2019t have an appeal hearing, ask staff at the place you\u2019re held \u2013 they can fax your application to the right venue.\n\n## Automatic referral for bail\n\nThe Home Office will automatically refer you to the First-tier Tribunal for a bail hearing if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in detention for 4 months or more\n\n- you aren\u2019t being detained in the interests of national security\n\n- there\u2019s no action being taken to deport you from the UK\n\n- you haven\u2019t applied for bail to the First-tier Tribunal in the last 4 months\n\nThey will make an application on your behalf using all the information they have.\n\nYou can refuse the referral, or choose to make your own bail application. The Home Office will apply on your behalf every 4 months unless you apply for bail yourself.\n\n## What happens at the First-tier Tribunal hearing\n\nThere will usually be a hearing to decide if you should be granted bail. This will happen a few days after your application is received \u2013 you\u2019ll receive a \u2018notice of hearing\u2019 to tell you when it is.\n\nYou probably won\u2019t be in the room for the hearing. It\u2019s more likely to happen over a video-link instead.\n\nThe Home Office will send the tribunal a document listing the reasons they think you should not get bail (a \u2018Bail Summary\u2019). They will also send you a copy.\n\nRead information about the Tribunal\u2019s rules and procedures.\n\n## Conditions of your bail\n\nIf you\u2019re granted bail, there will be at least one condition you have to obey.\n\nYou might have to:\n\n- report regularly to an immigration official\n\n- attend an appointment or hearing\n\n- be restricted on where you can live\n\n- have an electronic monitoring tag\n\n- have restrictions on the work or studies you can do\n\n- obey any other condition decided by the person granting your bail\n\nYou or your financial condition supporter might have to promise to pay money if you break one of the other conditions of your bail. This is called a \u2018financial condition\u2019.\n\nThese conditions can be changed after you\u2019re granted bail.\n\nIf you do not follow the terms of your bail you might:\n\n- have your bail conditions changed so that there are tighter restrictions\n\n- be charged with a crime\n\n- have to pay the money agreed at the hearing - or your Financial Condition Supporter might have to pay\n\n- be returned to detention\n\n## Change the conditions of your bail\n\nYou can ask to change (\u2018vary\u2019) the conditions of your bail, for example, if you need to move to a new address.\n\nIf the First-tier Tribunal granted you bail, fill in form B2 and send it to your nearest First-tier Tribunal hearing centre. The Home Office might oppose your request.\n\nIf the management of your bail has been transferred to the Home Office contact them instead.\n\nIf you\u2019re on Secretary of State bail, speak to an immigration officer.\n\nYou must continue to obey the conditions of your bail until a decision has been made to change them.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for immigration bail if the Home Office is holding you on immigration matters. This means you might be released from detention but you\u2019ll have to obey at least one condition.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply whether you\u2019re held in an immigration removal centre, a detention centre or a prison. You must be held on immigration matters.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re more likely to get bail

    ", + "

    You\u2019re more likely to get bail if you have a place to stay.

    ", + "

    Your application is also more likely to succeed if you have at least one \u2018Financial Condition Supporter\u2019. This is a person who:

    ", + "
  • will pay money if you don\u2019t follow the conditions of your bail
    • ", + "
  • can attend your bail hearing
    • ", + "

    Give information about where you\u2019ll stay and your Financial Condition Supporters in the application form.

    ", + "

    When you might not get released on bail

    ", + "

    You may find it harder to get bail if you:

    ", + "
  • have broken bail conditions in the past
    • ", + "
  • have a criminal record, and there\u2019s a risk you might reoffend
    • ", + "

    If you were refused bail in the last 28 days, you won\u2019t get another hearing unless your situation has changed significantly. Explain what you think has changed in your application.

    ", + "

    If you are refused bail, you\u2019ll get a written statement telling you why.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re due to be removed from the country

    ", + "

    You might not be released even if you\u2019re granted bail. If your removal date is in the 14 days after you get bail, the Home Office will have to agree to your release.

    ", + "

    Apply for bail

    ", + "

    You can apply for bail in 2 main ways. It depends on your situation. Apply to:

    ", + "
  • the Home Secretary (\u2018Secretary of State bail\u2019) any time after you arrive in the UK
    • ", + "
  • the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) - only if you arrived more than 8 days ago
    • ", + "

    You might be automatically referred for a bail hearing if you\u2019ve been in detention for 4 months or more.

    ", + "

    If you are appealing to the Special Immigration Appeals Commission you can apply to them for bail.

    ", + "

    A solicitor or legal adviser can help you with a bail application.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.

    ", + "

    Apply for Secretary of State bail

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Home Secretary for bail from the first day you arrive in the UK. This is called \u2019Secretary of State Bail\u2019.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form BAIL401 explaining why you\u2019re asking for bail.

    ", + "

    You can also get the form from:

    ", + "
  • the welfare officer, if you\u2019re in an Immigration Removal Centre
    • ", + "
  • your detention paperwork pack, if you\u2019re in a prison
    • ", + "

    Your application will be decided by Home Office staff and there will not be a hearing.

    ", + "

    Apply for bail from the First-tier Tribunal

    ", + "

    You can apply to the independent \u2018First-tier Tribunal\u2019 for bail if you arrived in the UK more than 8 days ago. Your application for bail will be decided by an independent judge at a hearing.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form B1.

    ", + "

    If you can\u2019t download the form yourself, you can:

    ", + "
  • ask the staff at the place where you\u2019re being held
    • ", + "
  • contact the tribunal - by phone on 0300 123 1711 or by email on customer.service@justice.gov.uk
    • ", + "

    If you have a tribunal appeal hearing scheduled, send the form to the tribunal or hearing centre where it\u2019s happening. You can find the address of the venue using the A to Z list.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t have an appeal hearing, ask staff at the place you\u2019re held \u2013 they can fax your application to the right venue.

    ", + "

    Automatic referral for bail

    ", + "

    The Home Office will automatically refer you to the First-tier Tribunal for a bail hearing if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in detention for 4 months or more
    • ", + "
  • you aren\u2019t being detained in the interests of national security
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s no action being taken to deport you from the UK
    • ", + "
  • you haven\u2019t applied for bail to the First-tier Tribunal in the last 4 months
    • ", + "

    They will make an application on your behalf using all the information they have.

    ", + "

    You can refuse the referral, or choose to make your own bail application. The Home Office will apply on your behalf every 4 months unless you apply for bail yourself.

    ", + "

    What happens at the First-tier Tribunal hearing

    ", + "

    There will usually be a hearing to decide if you should be granted bail. This will happen a few days after your application is received \u2013 you\u2019ll receive a \u2018notice of hearing\u2019 to tell you when it is.

    ", + "

    You probably won\u2019t be in the room for the hearing. It\u2019s more likely to happen over a video-link instead.

    ", + "

    The Home Office will send the tribunal a document listing the reasons they think you should not get bail (a \u2018Bail Summary\u2019). They will also send you a copy.

    ", + "

    Read information about the Tribunal\u2019s rules and procedures.

    ", + "

    Conditions of your bail

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re granted bail, there will be at least one condition you have to obey.

    ", + "

    You might have to:

    ", + "
  • report regularly to an immigration official
    • ", + "
  • attend an appointment or hearing
    • ", + "
  • be restricted on where you can live
    • ", + "
  • have an electronic monitoring tag
    • ", + "
  • have restrictions on the work or studies you can do
    • ", + "
  • obey any other condition decided by the person granting your bail
    • ", + "

    You or your financial condition supporter might have to promise to pay money if you break one of the other conditions of your bail. This is called a \u2018financial condition\u2019.

    ", + "

    These conditions can be changed after you\u2019re granted bail.

    ", + "

    If you do not follow the terms of your bail you might:

    ", + "
  • have your bail conditions changed so that there are tighter restrictions
    • ", + "
  • be charged with a crime
    • ", + "
  • have to pay the money agreed at the hearing - or your Financial Condition Supporter might have to pay
    • ", + "
  • be returned to detention
    • ", + "

    Change the conditions of your bail

    ", + "

    You can ask to change (\u2018vary\u2019) the conditions of your bail, for example, if you need to move to a new address.

    ", + "

    If the First-tier Tribunal granted you bail, fill in form B2 and send it to your nearest First-tier Tribunal hearing centre. The Home Office might oppose your request.

    ", + "

    If the management of your bail has been transferred to the Home Office contact them instead.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on Secretary of State bail, speak to an immigration officer.

    ", + "

    You must continue to obey the conditions of your bail until a decision has been made to change them.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/jury-service": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jury-service", + "title": "Jury service", + "content": "## How jury service works\n\nIf you get a jury summons in the post, you must respond within 7 days and confirm if you can attend.\n\nYour name was chosen randomly from the electoral register.\n\nYou\u2019ll be part of a jury of 12 people to decide the outcome of a criminal trial.\n\nYou can watch a video about jury service. There\u2019s also a Welsh language version of the video.\n\n## Jury service and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nIf you\u2019ve received a jury summons, you will need to attend. Jury staff will contact you to confirm the days and times you need to attend.\n\nDo not go to court if you have COVID-19 symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\nYou can read more about how coronavirus is affecting jury service including the social distancing measures that are in place.\n\n## How long jury service lasts\n\nJury service usually lasts up to 10 working days.\n\nIf the trial is likely to last longer than 10 days, jury staff will let you know. If the trial is shorter than 10 days, you may be asked to be a juror on other trials.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to be at court from 10am to 5:30pm Monday to Friday, but times can vary.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to arrive at court earlier on your first day. Check your summons letter for the exact time.\n\n## What you can claim\n\nYou will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if you lose earnings. You can also claim some expenses, for example travel.\n\nFind out what you can claim:\n\n- if you\u2019re an employee\n\n- if you\u2019re self-employed\n\n- if you\u2019re not working\n\n## What you can claim if you\u2019re an employee\n\nYou will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if your earnings are affected. For each day you\u2019re at court, you can usually claim:\n\n- up to \u00a364.95 towards your loss of earnings, and any care or childcare costs outside of your usual arrangements\n\n- \u00a35.71 for food and drink\n\n- the cost of travel to and from court\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to claim expenses after your jury service has ended.\n\n## Taking time off work\n\nGive a copy of your jury summons to your employer.\n\nYour employer must let you have time off work, but can ask you to delay your jury service if your absence will have a serious effect on their business.\n\n## Problems with your employer\n\nIf you\u2019re not allowed to take time off work for jury service, you can complain to an employment tribunal.\n\nIf you\u2019re sacked because you do jury service you may be able to claim unfair dismissal.\n\n## Getting paid during jury service\n\nYour employer can choose whether or not to pay you during your service.\n\nIf they do not pay you, you can claim for loss of earnings from the court.\n\n## If you get benefits or financial support\n\nShow your jury summons to your benefit office or work coach as soon as you get it.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to get financial support and benefits (such as Universal Credit) for the first 8 weeks. After that, the court will give you a loss of earnings form to give to your benefit office or work coach.\n\n## What you can claim\n\nThere\u2019s a limit to how much you can claim for each day you\u2019re at court.\n\n## Loss of earnings, childcare and other care costs\n\nHow much you can claim to cover loss of earnings and care costs depends on the length of your jury service and how many hours you spend at court each day.\n\nFor the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:\n\n- \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court\n\n- \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court\n\nIf your jury service lasts longer than 10 working days, the amount you can claim increases. You\u2019ll be able to claim up to:\n\n- \u00a3129.91 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court\n\n- \u00a364.95 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court\n\n## Travel and parking costs\n\nHow much you can claim depends on how you travel to court.\n\n| How you travel to court | The court will pay |\n\n| Bus or underground | Cost of the ticket |\n\n| Train | Cost of the ticket (standard class return fare) |\n\n| Bicycle | 9.6p per mile |\n\n| Motorcycle | 31.4p per mile |\n\n| Car | 31.4p per mile - check if the court will pay for parking |\n\n| Car - for one other juror as a passenger | 4.2p per mile |\n\n| Car - for each additional passenger | 3.2p per mile |\n\n| Taxi | The fare - ask the court for permission before using a taxi |\n\n## Food and drink\n\nHow much you can claim depends on how many hours you spend in court each day.\n\n| Time spent each day | The court will pay up to |\n\n| Up to and including 10 hours a day | \u00a35.71 per day |\n\n| Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day |\n\n## Estimate your expenses\n\nYou can use a calculator to check what you can claim.\n\n## What you can claim if you\u2019re self-employed\n\nYou will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if your earnings are affected. For each day you\u2019re at court, you can usually claim:\n\n- up to \u00a364.95 towards your loss of earnings, and any care or childcare costs outside of your usual arrangements\n\n- \u00a35.71 for food and drink\n\n- the cost of travel to and from court\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to claim expenses after your jury service has ended.\n\nYou can ask to delay your jury service if you cannot do jury service on the dates in your summons letter.\n\n## If you get benefits or financial support\n\nShow your jury summons to your benefit office or work coach as soon as you get it.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to get financial support and benefits (such as Universal Credit) for the first 8 weeks. After that, the court will give you a loss of earnings form to give to your benefit office or work coach.\n\n## What you can claim\n\nThere\u2019s a limit to how much you can claim for each day you\u2019re at court.\n\n## Loss of earnings, childcare and other care costs\n\nHow much you can claim to cover loss of earnings and care costs depends on the length of your jury service and how many hours you spend at court each day.\n\nFor the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:\n\n- \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court\n\n- \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court\n\nIf your jury service lasts longer than 10 working days, the amount you can claim increases. You\u2019ll be able to claim up to:\n\n- \u00a3129.91 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court\n\n- \u00a364.95 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court\n\n## Travel and parking costs\n\nHow much you can claim depends on how you travel to court.\n\n| How you travel to court | The court will pay |\n\n| Bus or underground | Cost of the ticket |\n\n| Train | Cost of the ticket (standard class return fare) |\n\n| Bicycle | 9.6p per mile |\n\n| Motorcycle | 31.4p per mile |\n\n| Car | 31.4p per mile - check if the court will pay for parking |\n\n| Car - for one other juror as a passenger | 4.2p per mile |\n\n| Car - for each additional passenger | 3.2p per mile |\n\n| Taxi | The fare - ask the court for permission before using a taxi |\n\n## Food and drink\n\nHow much you can claim depends on how many hours you spend in court each day.\n\n| Time spent each day | The court will pay up to |\n\n| Up to and including 10 hours a day | \u00a35.71 per day |\n\n| Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day |\n\n## Estimate your expenses\n\nYou can use a calculator to check what you can claim.\n\n## What you can claim if you're not working\n\nYou will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if your earnings are affected. For each day you\u2019re at court, you can usually claim:\n\n- up to \u00a364.95 towards your loss of earnings, and any care or childcare costs outside of your usual arrangements\n\n- \u00a35.71 for food and drink\n\n- the cost of travel to and from court\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to claim expenses after your jury service has ended.\n\nYou can ask to delay your jury service if you cannot do jury service on the dates in your summons letter.\n\n## If you get benefits or financial support\n\nShow your jury summons to your benefit office or work coach as soon as you get it.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to get financial support and benefits (such as Universal Credit) for the first 8 weeks. After that, the court will give you a loss of earnings form to give to your benefit office or work coach.\n\n## What you can claim\n\nThere\u2019s a limit to how much you can claim for each day you\u2019re at court.\n\n## Childcare and other care costs if you are not working\n\nHow much you can claim to cover care costs depends on the length of your jury service and how many hours you spend at court each day.\n\nFor the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:\n\n- \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court\n\n- \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court\n\nIf your jury service lasts longer than 10 working days, the amount you can claim increases. You\u2019ll be able to claim up to:\n\n- \u00a3129.91 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court\n\n- \u00a364.95 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court\n\n## Travel and parking costs\n\nHow much you can claim depends on how you travel to court.\n\n| How you travel to court | The court will pay |\n\n| Bus or underground | Cost of the ticket |\n\n| Train | Cost of the ticket (standard class return fare) |\n\n| Bicycle | 9.6p per mile |\n\n| Motorcycle | 31.4p per mile |\n\n| Car | 31.4p per mile - check if the court will pay for parking |\n\n| Car - for one other juror as a passenger | 4.2p per mile |\n\n| Car - for each additional passenger | 3.2p per mile |\n\n| Taxi | The fare - ask the court for permission before using a taxi |\n\n## Food and drink\n\nHow much you can claim depends on how many hours you spend in court each day.\n\n| Time spent each day | The court will pay up to |\n\n| Up to and including 10 hours a day | \u00a35.71 per day |\n\n| Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day |\n\n## Estimate your expenses\n\nYou can use a calculator to check what you can claim.\n\n## Ask to change the date or be excused\n\nIf you cannot do jury service on the dates in your summons letter, you can ask to change the date or be excused.\n\n## Ask to change the date of your jury service\n\nYou might be able to change the date of your jury service to another date within the next 12 months. You\u2019ll need a good reason, for example:\n\n- you\u2019re having an operation\n\n- you\u2019re sitting an exam\n\n- your employer will not give you time off work\n\n- you have a holiday booked\n\n- you\u2019re a new parent\n\nYou can only ask to change the date once.\n\nTo change the date, reply to your jury summons explaining your reasons in detail. When you reply you can suggest 3 possible dates in the next 12 months that work for you.\n\n## Ask to be excused from jury service\n\nIf it\u2019s not possible for you to do jury service in the next 12 months, you can ask to be excused. You\u2019ll only be allowed to do this in exceptional circumstances, for example:\n\n- you have a serious illness or disability that prevents you from doing jury service\n\n- you\u2019re a full time carer of someone with an illness or disability\n\n- you\u2019re a new parent and will not be able to serve at any other time in the next 12 months\n\nIf you cannot do jury service because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you should ask to change the date.\n\nYou can also ask to be excused from jury service if you\u2019ve done it in the last 2 years.\n\nIf you do not do jury service this time, you could still receive a summons in the future.\n\nTo ask to be excused, reply to your jury summons explaining your reasons in detail. You might need to give proof, for example, if you\u2019re ill you might be asked for a letter from your doctor.\n\nIf your request is turned down, you can still ask to change the date of your jury service.\n\n## If you disagree with the decision\n\nYou can appeal if your request to change the date of your jury service or be excused is refused. Write to the Jury Central Summoning Bureau, including:\n\n- why you disagree with the decision\n\n- your juror number (this is on your summons letter)\n\n- your name and address\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- the name and address of the court you\u2019ve been summoned to\n\n- the dates of your jury service\n\n## Get help\n\nContact the Jury Central Summoning Bureau if you have questions about jury service.\n\n## Respond to the summons\n\nYou must respond to your jury summons within 7 days of getting it.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- reply to the jury summons online\n\n- complete and return the form by post\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not return the form or turn up for your jury service.\n\n## After you respond\n\nThe Jury Central Summoning Bureau will send you a letter to confirm details of your jury service, including when and where it will take place.\n\nIf you asked to change the date or to be excused, the letter will explain if your request was accepted.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to bring your summons or confirmation letter to court with you on your first day of jury service.\n\nDue to coronavirus (COVID-19), you may be asked to go to a different location than the one you were summoned to. If the court needs to change the venue, they will contact you at least one week before your jury service is due to start. Check which courts offer additional locations.\n\n## Get help\n\nContact the Jury Central Summoning Bureau if you have questions about jury service or about a decision.\n\nThe Jury Central Summoning Bureau may be able to change the location of your jury service if you\u2019ve been summoned to a court far from where you live. For example, if you\u2019ve recently moved house or if you\u2019re at university and you\u2019ve been summoned to a court near your family home.\n\nContact the court if you:\n\n- need directions\n\n- have a question about your expenses claim\n\n## Going to court as a juror\n\nOn your first day, you should bring:\n\n- your jury summons form or your jury service confirmation letter\n\n- some identification, such as your passport, photo driving licence or Home Office documents showing your UK immigration status\n\nIf you do not have identification, you can bring any 2 documents from the following:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- your credit card with 3 statements and proof of signature\n\n- your cheque book and bank card with 3 statements and proof of signature\n\n- 3 utility bills showing your name and address\n\n## Laptops, tablets and mobile phones\n\nYou can bring your mobile phone, tablet or laptop into the court building and use it in the jury assembly area.\n\nYou cannot take your phone, laptop or tablet into the deliberation room. All courts have lockers or somewhere you can safely store your personal items.\n\nThere is free wifi in most courts.\n\n## What to wear\n\nThere is no strict dress code and you can wear clothes you\u2019re comfortable in, such as jeans and a t-shirt.\n\nVery casual clothing such as shorts or clothing with inappropriate logos or slogans are not allowed.\n\n## What will happen when you arrive at court\n\nAllow extra time to go through security at court.\n\nCourt staff will show you where the jury assembly area is and the jury manager will:\n\n- tell you about jury service\n\n- explain your responsibilities\n\n- tell you what expenses you can claim and how to claim them\n\nThere are extra security and hygiene measures in place because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you have a disability\n\nCheck what facilities are available in the court you\u2019re going to.\n\nContact the Jury Central Summoning Bureau if you have questions about the facilities or to arrange a visit to the court.\n\n## Discussing the trial\n\nDo not discuss the trial with anyone until it\u2019s finished, except with other jury members in the deliberation room.\n\nAfter the trial you must not talk about what happened in the deliberation room, even with family members. You can talk about what happened in the courtroom.\n\nDo not post comments about the trial on social media websites like Facebook or Twitter - even after the trial\u2019s finished. This is contempt of court and you can be fined or sent to prison.\n\n## If anyone approaches you about the trial\n\nTell a court officer if you\u2019re approached about the trial. If you\u2019re approached outside court, tell a police officer.\n\n## If you find the trial distressing\n\nYou may be upset by the trial and want to speak to someone privately. Speak to court staff - they\u2019ll give you advice.\n\nFor emotional support speak to your GP to find out what support is available. You can also contact the Samaritans - although they cannot give advice.\n\n## How to claim expenses\n\nMake your claim for expenses at the end of your jury service - and no more than 12 months after your jury service started.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be paid 7 to 10 working days after submitting your claim form.\n\nThe court may be able to pay your expenses during the trial if it\u2019s likely to last a long time or if you\u2019re facing financial hardship. Ask jury staff for more information.\n\n## Food, drink and travel expenses\n\nFill in the claim form you received at the start of jury service. Return it to the court with the relevant receipts.\n\n## Loss of earnings\n\nWhat you need to do depends on whether you are employed or self-employed.\n\n## If you\u2019re an employee\n\nYour employer needs to fill in a loss of earnings form if they\u2019ve told you they are not going to pay you during jury service. Bring it to court on your first day of jury service.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nFill in a self-employed loss of earnings form. You\u2019ll need to include evidence of lost earnings, such as your most recent tax return.\n\n## Care and childcare expenses\n\nYou and the carer need to fill in the care expenses form to claim for costs outside of your usual care arrangements.\n\nIf you\u2019re using a registered childminder, they need to write their Ofsted number on the form. If a family member or friend is looking after your children, they must write a letter saying how many hours they\u2019ve cared for your child.\n\nBring your child\u2019s birth certificate or passport to court during your service or attach a copy to the claim form.\n\nReturn the form to the court with evidence of the cost of care, for example invoices or receipts.\n\n## Questions about expenses\n\nContact the court where you did jury service if you have questions about expenses.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How jury service works

    ", + "

    If you get a jury summons in the post, you must respond within 7 days and confirm if you can attend.

    ", + "

    Your name was chosen randomly from the electoral register.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be part of a jury of 12 people to decide the outcome of a criminal trial.

    ", + "

    You can watch a video about jury service. There\u2019s also a Welsh language version of the video.

    ", + "

    Jury service and coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve received a jury summons, you will need to attend. Jury staff will contact you to confirm the days and times you need to attend.

    ", + "

    Do not go to court if you have COVID-19 symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.

    ", + "

    You can read more about how coronavirus is affecting jury service including the social distancing measures that are in place.

    ", + "

    How long jury service lasts

    ", + "

    Jury service usually lasts up to 10 working days.

    ", + "

    If the trial is likely to last longer than 10 days, jury staff will let you know. If the trial is shorter than 10 days, you may be asked to be a juror on other trials.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to be at court from 10am to 5:30pm Monday to Friday, but times can vary.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to arrive at court earlier on your first day. Check your summons letter for the exact time.

    ", + "

    What you can claim

    ", + "

    You will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if you lose earnings. You can also claim some expenses, for example travel.

    ", + "

    Find out what you can claim:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re an employee
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re not working
    • ", + "

    What you can claim if you\u2019re an employee

    ", + "

    You will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if your earnings are affected. For each day you\u2019re at court, you can usually claim:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a364.95 towards your loss of earnings, and any care or childcare costs outside of your usual arrangements
    • ", + "
  • \u00a35.71 for food and drink
    • ", + "
  • the cost of travel to and from court
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to claim expenses after your jury service has ended.

    ", + "

    Taking time off work

    ", + "

    Give a copy of your jury summons to your employer.

    ", + "

    Your employer must let you have time off work, but can ask you to delay your jury service if your absence will have a serious effect on their business.

    ", + "

    Problems with your employer

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not allowed to take time off work for jury service, you can complain to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re sacked because you do jury service you may be able to claim unfair dismissal.

    ", + "

    Getting paid during jury service

    ", + "

    Your employer can choose whether or not to pay you during your service.

    ", + "

    If they do not pay you, you can claim for loss of earnings from the court.

    ", + "

    If you get benefits or financial support

    ", + "

    Show your jury summons to your benefit office or work coach as soon as you get it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue to get financial support and benefits (such as Universal Credit) for the first 8 weeks. After that, the court will give you a loss of earnings form to give to your benefit office or work coach.

    ", + "

    What you can claim

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a limit to how much you can claim for each day you\u2019re at court.

    ", + "

    Loss of earnings, childcare and other care costs

    ", + "

    How much you can claim to cover loss of earnings and care costs depends on the length of your jury service and how many hours you spend at court each day.

    ", + "

    For the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • ", + "
  • \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • ", + "

    If your jury service lasts longer than 10 working days, the amount you can claim increases. You\u2019ll be able to claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3129.91 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • ", + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • ", + "

    Travel and parking costs

    ", + "

    How much you can claim depends on how you travel to court.

    ", + "How you travel to court | The court will pay", + "Bus or underground | Cost of the ticket", + "Train | Cost of the ticket (standard class return fare)", + "Bicycle | 9.6p per mile", + "Motorcycle | 31.4p per mile", + "Car | 31.4p per mile - check if the court will pay for parking", + "Car - for one other juror as a passenger | 4.2p per mile", + "Car - for each additional passenger | 3.2p per mile", + "Taxi | The fare - ask the court for permission before using a taxi", + "

    Food and drink

    ", + "

    How much you can claim depends on how many hours you spend in court each day.

    ", + "Time spent each day | The court will pay up to", + "Up to and including 10 hours a day | \u00a35.71 per day", + "Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day", + "

    Estimate your expenses

    ", + "

    You can use a calculator to check what you can claim.

    ", + "

    What you can claim if you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    You will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if your earnings are affected. For each day you\u2019re at court, you can usually claim:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a364.95 towards your loss of earnings, and any care or childcare costs outside of your usual arrangements
    • ", + "
  • \u00a35.71 for food and drink
    • ", + "
  • the cost of travel to and from court
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to claim expenses after your jury service has ended.

    ", + "

    You can ask to delay your jury service if you cannot do jury service on the dates in your summons letter.

    ", + "

    If you get benefits or financial support

    ", + "

    Show your jury summons to your benefit office or work coach as soon as you get it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue to get financial support and benefits (such as Universal Credit) for the first 8 weeks. After that, the court will give you a loss of earnings form to give to your benefit office or work coach.

    ", + "

    What you can claim

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a limit to how much you can claim for each day you\u2019re at court.

    ", + "

    Loss of earnings, childcare and other care costs

    ", + "

    How much you can claim to cover loss of earnings and care costs depends on the length of your jury service and how many hours you spend at court each day.

    ", + "

    For the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • ", + "
  • \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • ", + "

    If your jury service lasts longer than 10 working days, the amount you can claim increases. You\u2019ll be able to claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3129.91 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • ", + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • ", + "

    Travel and parking costs

    ", + "

    How much you can claim depends on how you travel to court.

    ", + "How you travel to court | The court will pay", + "Bus or underground | Cost of the ticket", + "Train | Cost of the ticket (standard class return fare)", + "Bicycle | 9.6p per mile", + "Motorcycle | 31.4p per mile", + "Car | 31.4p per mile - check if the court will pay for parking", + "Car - for one other juror as a passenger | 4.2p per mile", + "Car - for each additional passenger | 3.2p per mile", + "Taxi | The fare - ask the court for permission before using a taxi", + "

    Food and drink

    ", + "

    How much you can claim depends on how many hours you spend in court each day.

    ", + "Time spent each day | The court will pay up to", + "Up to and including 10 hours a day | \u00a35.71 per day", + "Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day", + "

    Estimate your expenses

    ", + "

    You can use a calculator to check what you can claim.

    ", + "

    What you can claim if you're not working

    ", + "

    You will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if your earnings are affected. For each day you\u2019re at court, you can usually claim:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a364.95 towards your loss of earnings, and any care or childcare costs outside of your usual arrangements
    • ", + "
  • \u00a35.71 for food and drink
    • ", + "
  • the cost of travel to and from court
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to claim expenses after your jury service has ended.

    ", + "

    You can ask to delay your jury service if you cannot do jury service on the dates in your summons letter.

    ", + "

    If you get benefits or financial support

    ", + "

    Show your jury summons to your benefit office or work coach as soon as you get it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue to get financial support and benefits (such as Universal Credit) for the first 8 weeks. After that, the court will give you a loss of earnings form to give to your benefit office or work coach.

    ", + "

    What you can claim

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a limit to how much you can claim for each day you\u2019re at court.

    ", + "

    Childcare and other care costs if you are not working

    ", + "

    How much you can claim to cover care costs depends on the length of your jury service and how many hours you spend at court each day.

    ", + "

    For the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • ", + "
  • \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • ", + "

    If your jury service lasts longer than 10 working days, the amount you can claim increases. You\u2019ll be able to claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3129.91 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • ", + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • ", + "

    Travel and parking costs

    ", + "

    How much you can claim depends on how you travel to court.

    ", + "How you travel to court | The court will pay", + "Bus or underground | Cost of the ticket", + "Train | Cost of the ticket (standard class return fare)", + "Bicycle | 9.6p per mile", + "Motorcycle | 31.4p per mile", + "Car | 31.4p per mile - check if the court will pay for parking", + "Car - for one other juror as a passenger | 4.2p per mile", + "Car - for each additional passenger | 3.2p per mile", + "Taxi | The fare - ask the court for permission before using a taxi", + "

    Food and drink

    ", + "

    How much you can claim depends on how many hours you spend in court each day.

    ", + "Time spent each day | The court will pay up to", + "Up to and including 10 hours a day | \u00a35.71 per day", + "Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day", + "

    Estimate your expenses

    ", + "

    You can use a calculator to check what you can claim.

    ", + "

    Ask to change the date or be excused

    ", + "

    If you cannot do jury service on the dates in your summons letter, you can ask to change the date or be excused.

    ", + "

    Ask to change the date of your jury service

    ", + "

    You might be able to change the date of your jury service to another date within the next 12 months. You\u2019ll need a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re having an operation
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re sitting an exam
    • ", + "
  • your employer will not give you time off work
    • ", + "
  • you have a holiday booked
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a new parent
    • ", + "

    You can only ask to change the date once.

    ", + "

    To change the date, reply to your jury summons explaining your reasons in detail. When you reply you can suggest 3 possible dates in the next 12 months that work for you.

    ", + "

    Ask to be excused from jury service

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s not possible for you to do jury service in the next 12 months, you can ask to be excused. You\u2019ll only be allowed to do this in exceptional circumstances, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a serious illness or disability that prevents you from doing jury service
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a full time carer of someone with an illness or disability
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a new parent and will not be able to serve at any other time in the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    If you cannot do jury service because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you should ask to change the date.

    ", + "

    You can also ask to be excused from jury service if you\u2019ve done it in the last 2 years.

    ", + "

    If you do not do jury service this time, you could still receive a summons in the future.

    ", + "

    To ask to be excused, reply to your jury summons explaining your reasons in detail. You might need to give proof, for example, if you\u2019re ill you might be asked for a letter from your doctor.

    ", + "

    If your request is turned down, you can still ask to change the date of your jury service.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal if your request to change the date of your jury service or be excused is refused. Write to the Jury Central Summoning Bureau, including:

    ", + "
  • why you disagree with the decision
    • ", + "
  • your juror number (this is on your summons letter)
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of the court you\u2019ve been summoned to
    • ", + "
  • the dates of your jury service
    • ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Jury Central Summoning Bureau if you have questions about jury service.

    ", + "

    Respond to the summons

    ", + "

    You must respond to your jury summons within 7 days of getting it.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • reply to the jury summons online
    • ", + "
  • complete and return the form by post
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not return the form or turn up for your jury service.

    ", + "

    After you respond

    ", + "

    The Jury Central Summoning Bureau will send you a letter to confirm details of your jury service, including when and where it will take place.

    ", + "

    If you asked to change the date or to be excused, the letter will explain if your request was accepted.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to bring your summons or confirmation letter to court with you on your first day of jury service.

    ", + "

    Due to coronavirus (COVID-19), you may be asked to go to a different location than the one you were summoned to. If the court needs to change the venue, they will contact you at least one week before your jury service is due to start. Check which courts offer additional locations.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Jury Central Summoning Bureau if you have questions about jury service or about a decision.

    ", + "

    The Jury Central Summoning Bureau may be able to change the location of your jury service if you\u2019ve been summoned to a court far from where you live. For example, if you\u2019ve recently moved house or if you\u2019re at university and you\u2019ve been summoned to a court near your family home.

    ", + "

    Contact the court if you:

    ", + "
  • need directions
    • ", + "
  • have a question about your expenses claim
    • ", + "

    Going to court as a juror

    ", + "

    On your first day, you should bring:

    ", + "
  • your jury summons form or your jury service confirmation letter
    • ", + "
  • some identification, such as your passport, photo driving licence or Home Office documents showing your UK immigration status
    • ", + "

    If you do not have identification, you can bring any 2 documents from the following:

    ", + "
  • your birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • your credit card with 3 statements and proof of signature
    • ", + "
  • your cheque book and bank card with 3 statements and proof of signature
    • ", + "
  • 3 utility bills showing your name and address
    • ", + "

    Laptops, tablets and mobile phones

    ", + "

    You can bring your mobile phone, tablet or laptop into the court building and use it in the jury assembly area.

    ", + "

    You cannot take your phone, laptop or tablet into the deliberation room. All courts have lockers or somewhere you can safely store your personal items.

    ", + "

    There is free wifi in most courts.

    ", + "

    What to wear

    ", + "

    There is no strict dress code and you can wear clothes you\u2019re comfortable in, such as jeans and a t-shirt.

    ", + "

    Very casual clothing such as shorts or clothing with inappropriate logos or slogans are not allowed.

    ", + "

    What will happen when you arrive at court

    ", + "

    Allow extra time to go through security at court.

    ", + "

    Court staff will show you where the jury assembly area is and the jury manager will:

    ", + "
  • tell you about jury service
    • ", + "
  • explain your responsibilities
    • ", + "
  • tell you what expenses you can claim and how to claim them
    • ", + "

    There are extra security and hygiene measures in place because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you have a disability

    ", + "

    Check what facilities are available in the court you\u2019re going to.

    ", + "

    Contact the Jury Central Summoning Bureau if you have questions about the facilities or to arrange a visit to the court.

    ", + "

    Discussing the trial

    ", + "

    Do not discuss the trial with anyone until it\u2019s finished, except with other jury members in the deliberation room.

    ", + "

    After the trial you must not talk about what happened in the deliberation room, even with family members. You can talk about what happened in the courtroom.

    ", + "

    Do not post comments about the trial on social media websites like Facebook or Twitter - even after the trial\u2019s finished. This is contempt of court and you can be fined or sent to prison.

    ", + "

    If anyone approaches you about the trial

    ", + "

    Tell a court officer if you\u2019re approached about the trial. If you\u2019re approached outside court, tell a police officer.

    ", + "

    If you find the trial distressing

    ", + "

    You may be upset by the trial and want to speak to someone privately. Speak to court staff - they\u2019ll give you advice.

    ", + "

    For emotional support speak to your GP to find out what support is available. You can also contact the Samaritans - although they cannot give advice.

    ", + "

    How to claim expenses

    ", + "

    Make your claim for expenses at the end of your jury service - and no more than 12 months after your jury service started.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be paid 7 to 10 working days after submitting your claim form.

    ", + "

    The court may be able to pay your expenses during the trial if it\u2019s likely to last a long time or if you\u2019re facing financial hardship. Ask jury staff for more information.

    ", + "

    Food, drink and travel expenses

    ", + "

    Fill in the claim form you received at the start of jury service. Return it to the court with the relevant receipts.

    ", + "

    Loss of earnings

    ", + "

    What you need to do depends on whether you are employed or self-employed.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employee

    ", + "

    Your employer needs to fill in a loss of earnings form if they\u2019ve told you they are not going to pay you during jury service. Bring it to court on your first day of jury service.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    Fill in a self-employed loss of earnings form. You\u2019ll need to include evidence of lost earnings, such as your most recent tax return.

    ", + "

    Care and childcare expenses

    ", + "

    You and the carer need to fill in the care expenses form to claim for costs outside of your usual care arrangements.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using a registered childminder, they need to write their Ofsted number on the form. If a family member or friend is looking after your children, they must write a letter saying how many hours they\u2019ve cared for your child.

    ", + "

    Bring your child\u2019s birth certificate or passport to court during your service or attach a copy to the claim form.

    ", + "

    Return the form to the court with evidence of the cost of care, for example invoices or receipts.

    ", + "

    Questions about expenses

    ", + "

    Contact the court where you did jury service if you have questions about expenses.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/legal-aid": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-aid", + "title": "Legal aid", + "content": "## Overview\n\nLegal aid can help meet the costs of legal advice, family mediation and representation in a court or tribunal.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show that:\n\n- your case is eligible for legal aid\n\n- the problem is serious\n\n- you cannot afford to pay for legal costs\n\nYou could for example get legal aid if:\n\n- you or your family are at risk of abuse or serious harm, for example domestic violence or forced marriage\n\n- you\u2019re at risk of homelessness or losing your home\n\n- you\u2019ve been accused of a crime, face prison or detention\n\n- you\u2019re being discriminated against\n\n- you need family mediation\n\n- you\u2019re adding legal arguments or bringing a case under the Human Rights Act\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show that you cannot afford to pay for this help. You may have to pay some money towards the legal costs of your case or pay costs back later.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to get help with civil cases. Your legal adviser will usually apply for legal aid on your behalf.\n\nLegal aid rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you can get\n\nYou could get help with the costs of legal advice or getting someone to speak or negotiate for you.\n\nYou may have to pay some money towards the legal costs of your case.\n\nIf your problem is covered by legal aid and you qualify you could get:\n\n- advice on your rights and options\n\n- help with negotiations and paperwork\n\n- help if you\u2019re accused of a crime, for example advice at a police station\n\n- a solicitor or barrister to get your case ready and speak on your behalf in court and some tribunals\n\n## What you can get legal aid for\n\nYou might be able to get legal aid for problems like:\n\n- homelessness or losing your home, or if it\u2019s in serious disrepair\n\n- protecting yourself or your child from abuse or harassment, for example domestic violence or forced marriage\n\n- poor quality care you or a family member are getting due to age, disability or special educational needs\n\n- needing advice on finances, children or divorce if you\u2019ve been in an abusive relationship\n\n- a child in your family being at risk of being taken into care\n\n- family mediation, for example if you\u2019re separating or getting a divorce\n\n- discrimination\n\n- challenging the way the government has made a decision about you\n\n- seeking asylum or if you\u2019ve been the victim of human trafficking\n\n- being arrested, charged or questioned by the police\n\n- needing representation at a mental health tribunal or inquest\n\n- appealing a decision made by the social security tribunal about your benefits to the Upper Tribunal, Court of Appeal or Supreme Court\n\n## Exceptional case funding\n\nYou may be able to get legal aid in other exceptional cases, if you can show that being refused legal aid would infringe:\n\n- your rights under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR)\n\n- your EU rights to legal representation\n\nGet advice from a legal adviser about whether you\u2019re eligible and how to apply.\n\nYou can also apply directly to the Exceptional Case Funding team at the Legal Aid Agency.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify for legal aid will depend on:\n\n- the type of case\n\n- your financial circumstances\n\n## Civil (non-criminal) cases\n\nCivil cases include things like debt, family or housing problems. To get legal aid, you usually need to show you cannot afford to pay for legal costs and your problem is serious.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to give details and evidence of your income, benefits, savings and property, and those of your partner. If you\u2019re under 18, you may need to give information about your parents\u2019 or guardians\u2019 income.\n\nYour financial situation is not taken into account for cases about:\n\n- mental health tribunals\n\n- children in care\n\n- child abduction\n\nYou may also have to provide evidence about your problem, for example in a divorce case by providing a court order or GP letter showing that you or your child have been a victim of abuse.\n\nCheck if you qualify for legal aid to get help with civil cases.\n\n## Paying the costs of your case\n\nLegal aid might not cover all the costs of your case. You may have to:\n\n- pay some of the costs upfront\n\n- pay back some of the cost if you win money or property from your case\n\nRead about paying for legal aid.\n\nThe Legal Aid Agency (LAA) will make a charge or claim \u2013 known as the \u2018statutory charge\u2019 \u2013 on any money or property you win. If this is your home, payment can be deferred and the debt placed as a charge on your home (similar to a mortgage).\n\nYour legal adviser will explain how this works.\n\nContact the LAA\u2019s Secured Debt Team to discuss how to pay.\n\nIf legal aid is withdrawn, you may have to repay the full legal costs.\n\n## Criminal cases\n\nYou have the right to free legal advice if you\u2019re questioned at a police station.\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically get legal aid for legal representation in court if you\u2019re under 16 (or under 18 and in full-time education) or on certain benefits.\n\n## Alternatives to legal aid\n\nIf you cannot get legal aid, you may be able to get free advice from:\n\n- the Law Centres Network\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- AdviceNow\n\nYou can also pay for advice from a local legal adviser or solicitor.\n\n## How to claim\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid in England or Wales.\n\nSearch for a legal aid solicitor if you\u2019re in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\nYour legal adviser or family mediator will apply for legal aid on your behalf. If you qualify, the government will pay their costs directly.\n\n## Getting legal aid in an emergency\n\nYou can get emergency help if you need urgent representation in court, for example to keep you and your children safe from domestic abuse.\n\nYour legal adviser will apply for Emergency Legal Representation to cover any immediate action. You still need to apply for legal aid in the normal way for any ongoing work.\n\n## Criminal cases\n\nA police custody officer will help you get legal aid if you\u2019ve been arrested and held at a police station. You\u2019ll be offered free advice:\n\n- by telephone (if the offence is less serious)\n\n- from the police station\u2019s duty solicitor\n\n- from your own legal adviser\n\n## If you\u2019re charged or go to court\n\nA solicitor will check if you qualify for legal aid if you\u2019re charged with a crime or have to go to court. You can then:\n\n- get advice from the same organisation that helped you at the police station\n\n- ask to speak to the court duty solicitor\n\n- find your own criminal legal aid solicitor\n\n## What you need to bring to your legal adviser\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give information about the following for both yourself and your partner:\n\n- benefits - including benefits statements\n\n- income, savings and spending - including pay slips and bank statements\n\n- National Insurance numbers\n\nYou\u2019ll also need copies of evidence relating to your case, eg:\n\n- court documents\n\n- marriage and birth certificates (for family cases)\n\n- relevant letters\n\nTell your legal adviser if any of your financial circumstances change.\n\n## Domestic abuse or violence\n\nYou might be able to get legal aid if you have evidence that you or your children have been victims of domestic abuse or violence and you cannot afford to pay legal costs.\n\nYou do not have to get evidence before talking to a legal aid solicitor or Civil Legal Advice (CLA), but they\u2019ll need to see it before deciding whether you can get legal aid.\n\n## What counts as domestic abuse for legal aid\n\nYou or your children must have been victims of either:\n\n- domestic abuse or violence\n\n- financial control, for example being stopped from accessing a joint bank account\n\n## What counts as evidence\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show that you or your children were at risk of harm from an ex-partner.\n\nYou can ask for evidence from:\n\n- the courts\n\n- the police\n\n- a multi-agency risk assessment conference (MARAC)\n\n- social services\n\n- a health professional, for example a doctor, nurse, midwife, psychologist or health visitor\n\n- a refuge manager\n\n- a domestic violence support service\n\n- your bank, for example credit card accounts, loan documents and statements\n\n- your employer, or education or training provider\n\n- the provider of any benefits you\u2019ve received\n\n## How to get evidence\n\nYou can download and print a sample letter to send to the police, courts, or medical and social services.\n\nThis helps you get the proof you need, depending on whether:\n\n- you\u2019ve been a victim\n\n- your children have been victims\n\nGive the letter to the person you\u2019re asking to provide evidence. They\u2019ll be able to fill in the details for you.\n\nYou might have to pay a fee for this.\n\n## When you have the evidence\n\nShow the evidence to your legal aid solicitor or CLA adviser.\n\n## Legal problems abroad\n\nYou can apply for legal aid in:\n\n- Albania\n\n- Austria\n\n- Azerbaijan\n\n- Belgium\n\n- Bosnia and Herzegovina\n\n- Bulgaria\n\n- Cyprus\n\n- Czech Republic\n\n- Denmark\n\n- Estonia\n\n- Finland\n\n- France\n\n- Georgia\n\n- Greece\n\n- Ireland\n\n- Italy\n\n- Latvia\n\n- Lithuania\n\n- Luxembourg\n\n- Montenegro\n\n- Netherlands\n\n- North Macedonia\n\n- Norway\n\n- Poland\n\n- Portugal\n\n- Romania\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Spain\n\n- Sweden\n\n- Switzerland\n\n- Turkey\n\n- Ukraine\n\nYou can get help with your application from a publicly funded solicitor, including getting documents translated.\n\nContact the embassy or consulate of that country or the Legal Aid Agency to find out how to apply.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Legal aid can help meet the costs of legal advice, family mediation and representation in a court or tribunal.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show that:

    ", + "
  • your case is eligible for legal aid
    • ", + "
  • the problem is serious
    • ", + "
  • you cannot afford to pay for legal costs
    • ", + "

    You could for example get legal aid if:

    ", + "
  • you or your family are at risk of abuse or serious harm, for example domestic violence or forced marriage
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re at risk of homelessness or losing your home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been accused of a crime, face prison or detention
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re being discriminated against
    • ", + "
  • you need family mediation
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re adding legal arguments or bringing a case under the Human Rights Act
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show that you cannot afford to pay for this help. You may have to pay some money towards the legal costs of your case or pay costs back later.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid to get help with civil cases. Your legal adviser will usually apply for legal aid on your behalf.

    ", + "

    Legal aid rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What you can get

    ", + "

    You could get help with the costs of legal advice or getting someone to speak or negotiate for you.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay some money towards the legal costs of your case.

    ", + "

    If your problem is covered by legal aid and you qualify you could get:

    ", + "
  • advice on your rights and options
    • ", + "
  • help with negotiations and paperwork
    • ", + "
  • help if you\u2019re accused of a crime, for example advice at a police station
    • ", + "
  • a solicitor or barrister to get your case ready and speak on your behalf in court and some tribunals
    • ", + "

    What you can get legal aid for

    ", + "

    You might be able to get legal aid for problems like:

    ", + "
  • homelessness or losing your home, or if it\u2019s in serious disrepair
    • ", + "
  • protecting yourself or your child from abuse or harassment, for example domestic violence or forced marriage
    • ", + "
  • poor quality care you or a family member are getting due to age, disability or special educational needs
    • ", + "
  • needing advice on finances, children or divorce if you\u2019ve been in an abusive relationship
    • ", + "
  • a child in your family being at risk of being taken into care
    • ", + "
  • family mediation, for example if you\u2019re separating or getting a divorce
    • ", + "
  • discrimination
    • ", + "
  • challenging the way the government has made a decision about you
    • ", + "
  • seeking asylum or if you\u2019ve been the victim of human trafficking
    • ", + "
  • being arrested, charged or questioned by the police
    • ", + "
  • needing representation at a mental health tribunal or inquest
    • ", + "
  • appealing a decision made by the social security tribunal about your benefits to the Upper Tribunal, Court of Appeal or Supreme Court
    • ", + "

    Exceptional case funding

    ", + "

    You may be able to get legal aid in other exceptional cases, if you can show that being refused legal aid would infringe:

    ", + "
  • your rights under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR)
    • ", + "
  • your EU rights to legal representation
    • ", + "

    Get advice from a legal adviser about whether you\u2019re eligible and how to apply.

    ", + "

    You can also apply directly to the Exceptional Case Funding team at the Legal Aid Agency.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Whether you qualify for legal aid will depend on:

    ", + "
  • the type of case
    • ", + "
  • your financial circumstances
    • ", + "

    Civil (non-criminal) cases

    ", + "

    Civil cases include things like debt, family or housing problems. To get legal aid, you usually need to show you cannot afford to pay for legal costs and your problem is serious.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to give details and evidence of your income, benefits, savings and property, and those of your partner. If you\u2019re under 18, you may need to give information about your parents\u2019 or guardians\u2019 income.

    ", + "

    Your financial situation is not taken into account for cases about:

    ", + "
  • mental health tribunals
    • ", + "
  • children in care
    • ", + "
  • child abduction
    • ", + "

    You may also have to provide evidence about your problem, for example in a divorce case by providing a court order or GP letter showing that you or your child have been a victim of abuse.

    ", + "

    Check if you qualify for legal aid to get help with civil cases.

    ", + "

    Paying the costs of your case

    ", + "

    Legal aid might not cover all the costs of your case. You may have to:

    ", + "
  • pay some of the costs upfront
    • ", + "
  • pay back some of the cost if you win money or property from your case
    • ", + "

    Read about paying for legal aid.

    ", + "

    The Legal Aid Agency (LAA) will make a charge or claim \u2013 known as the \u2018statutory charge\u2019 \u2013 on any money or property you win. If this is your home, payment can be deferred and the debt placed as a charge on your home (similar to a mortgage).

    ", + "

    Your legal adviser will explain how this works.

    ", + "

    Contact the LAA\u2019s Secured Debt Team to discuss how to pay.

    ", + "

    If legal aid is withdrawn, you may have to repay the full legal costs.

    ", + "

    Criminal cases

    ", + "

    You have the right to free legal advice if you\u2019re questioned at a police station.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically get legal aid for legal representation in court if you\u2019re under 16 (or under 18 and in full-time education) or on certain benefits.

    ", + "

    Alternatives to legal aid

    ", + "

    If you cannot get legal aid, you may be able to get free advice from:

    ", + "
  • the Law Centres Network
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • AdviceNow
    • ", + "

    You can also pay for advice from a local legal adviser or solicitor.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Search for a legal aid solicitor if you\u2019re in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Your legal adviser or family mediator will apply for legal aid on your behalf. If you qualify, the government will pay their costs directly.

    ", + "

    Getting legal aid in an emergency

    ", + "

    You can get emergency help if you need urgent representation in court, for example to keep you and your children safe from domestic abuse.

    ", + "

    Your legal adviser will apply for Emergency Legal Representation to cover any immediate action. You still need to apply for legal aid in the normal way for any ongoing work.

    ", + "

    Criminal cases

    ", + "

    A police custody officer will help you get legal aid if you\u2019ve been arrested and held at a police station. You\u2019ll be offered free advice:

    ", + "
  • by telephone (if the offence is less serious)
    • ", + "
  • from the police station\u2019s duty solicitor
    • ", + "
  • from your own legal adviser
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re charged or go to court

    ", + "

    A solicitor will check if you qualify for legal aid if you\u2019re charged with a crime or have to go to court. You can then:

    ", + "
  • get advice from the same organisation that helped you at the police station
    • ", + "
  • ask to speak to the court duty solicitor
    • ", + "
  • find your own criminal legal aid solicitor
    • ", + "

    What you need to bring to your legal adviser

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give information about the following for both yourself and your partner:

    ", + "
  • benefits - including benefits statements
    • ", + "
  • income, savings and spending - including pay slips and bank statements
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance numbers
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need copies of evidence relating to your case, eg:

    ", + "
  • court documents
    • ", + "
  • marriage and birth certificates (for family cases)
    • ", + "
  • relevant letters
    • ", + "

    Tell your legal adviser if any of your financial circumstances change.

    ", + "

    Domestic abuse or violence

    ", + "

    You might be able to get legal aid if you have evidence that you or your children have been victims of domestic abuse or violence and you cannot afford to pay legal costs.

    ", + "

    You do not have to get evidence before talking to a legal aid solicitor or Civil Legal Advice (CLA), but they\u2019ll need to see it before deciding whether you can get legal aid.

    ", + "

    What counts as domestic abuse for legal aid

    ", + "

    You or your children must have been victims of either:

    ", + "
  • domestic abuse or violence
    • ", + "
  • financial control, for example being stopped from accessing a joint bank account
    • ", + "

    What counts as evidence

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show that you or your children were at risk of harm from an ex-partner.

    ", + "

    You can ask for evidence from:

    ", + "
  • the courts
    • ", + "
  • the police
    • ", + "
  • a multi-agency risk assessment conference (MARAC)
    • ", + "
  • social services
    • ", + "
  • a health professional, for example a doctor, nurse, midwife, psychologist or health visitor
    • ", + "
  • a refuge manager
    • ", + "
  • a domestic violence support service
    • ", + "
  • your bank, for example credit card accounts, loan documents and statements
    • ", + "
  • your employer, or education or training provider
    • ", + "
  • the provider of any benefits you\u2019ve received
    • ", + "

    How to get evidence

    ", + "

    You can download and print a sample letter to send to the police, courts, or medical and social services.

    ", + "

    This helps you get the proof you need, depending on whether:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been a victim
    • ", + "
  • your children have been victims
    • ", + "

    Give the letter to the person you\u2019re asking to provide evidence. They\u2019ll be able to fill in the details for you.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay a fee for this.

    ", + "

    When you have the evidence

    ", + "

    Show the evidence to your legal aid solicitor or CLA adviser.

    ", + "

    Legal problems abroad

    ", + "

    You can apply for legal aid in:

    ", + "
  • Albania
    • ", + "
  • Austria
    • ", + "
  • Azerbaijan
    • ", + "
  • Belgium
    • ", + "
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ", + "
  • Bulgaria
    • ", + "
  • Cyprus
    • ", + "
  • Czech Republic
    • ", + "
  • Denmark
    • ", + "
  • Estonia
    • ", + "
  • Finland
    • ", + "
  • France
    • ", + "
  • Georgia
    • ", + "
  • Greece
    • ", + "
  • Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Italy
    • ", + "
  • Latvia
    • ", + "
  • Lithuania
    • ", + "
  • Luxembourg
    • ", + "
  • Montenegro
    • ", + "
  • Netherlands
    • ", + "
  • North Macedonia
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Poland
    • ", + "
  • Portugal
    • ", + "
  • Romania
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Spain
    • ", + "
  • Sweden
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • Turkey
    • ", + "
  • Ukraine
    • ", + "

    You can get help with your application from a publicly funded solicitor, including getting documents translated.

    ", + "

    Contact the embassy or consulate of that country or the Legal Aid Agency to find out how to apply.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/litigation-friend": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/litigation-friend", + "title": "Litigation friends", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can be appointed as litigation friend to make decisions about a court case for either:\n\n- an adult who lacks the mental capacity to manage their own court case either with or without a solicitor\n\n- a child\n\nThe court case can be any of the following:\n\n- a civil case, except a tribunal\n\n- a family case\n\n- a Court of Protection case\n\nYou\u2019ll have to go to court if there\u2019s a hearing, but you cannot act as the other person\u2019s lawyer.\n\nAn adult with a litigation friend is called the \u2018protected party\u2019 in court.\n\n## How you\u2019re appointed\n\nYou can either:\n\n- apply to be someone\u2019s litigation friend\n\n- be appointed by the court if someone involved in a case asks them to appoint a litigation friend for one of the other people involved\n\nThe court will check if you\u2019re suitable. It can appoint you as soon as the case has started or at any time during the case.\n\nWhen there\u2019s no one suitable, willing and able to be a litigation friend, the court may ask the Official Solicitor to step in.\n\n## When your appointment ends\n\nIf you\u2019re the litigation friend for a child who turns 18 or an adult who recovers capacity during the case, you may need to apply to stop being a litigation friend.\n\nYou may be replaced by the court if you do not carry out your duties properly.\n\n## Duties\n\nYou must \u2018direct the proceedings\u2019 on behalf of the other person if you\u2019re their litigation friend. This means you\u2019ll:\n\n- make decisions in their best interests\n\n- do everything you can to tell them what\u2019s happening in the case and find out their wishes and feelings\n\n- talk to their solicitor about what\u2019s happening, get advice from them and give instructions to them in the other person\u2019s best interests\n\n- pay any costs ordered by the court\n\n## Civil cases: settlement hearings\n\nIf the person\u2019s going to be paid money to settle the case, there\u2019ll be a hearing to approve the settlement.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to fill in and bring:\n\n- form CFO 320 if they\u2019re a child - also bring the child\u2019s original birth certificate or a certified copy\n\n- form CFO 320 PB if they\u2019re an adult and the money is going in to a Court Funds Office (CFO) account\n\nRead guidance on CFO accounts and investments for help with the forms.\n\n## After the court case\n\nYour role usually ends after the court case, unless you\u2019re the litigation friend of someone awarded money that\u2019s going into a CFO account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to remain the contact for a child\u2019s CFO account until they turn 18 or the court directs that the money is paid out. If you cannot carry out this role, you\u2019ll need to be replaced as a litigation friend.\n\nIf you\u2019re the deputy of an adult awarded more than \u00a350,000 into a CFO account, you\u2019ll need to manage the account for them. The Court of Protection may agree that a deputy is not needed.\n\n## Civil cases: expenses\n\nYou can apply to the court to be paid back any expenses you\u2019ve had while acting as litigation friend. This can include the premium for a court costs insurance policy or the interest on a loan taken out to pay for a costs insurance policy.\n\nWrite to the judge in charge of your case giving details of what you spent and when. Include your receipts. The court will check whether your expenses are reasonable.\n\n## Who can be a litigation friend\n\nThe court can appoint anyone to be a litigation friend, for example:\n\n- a parent or guardian\n\n- a family member or friend\n\n- a solicitor\n\n- a professional advocate, such as an Independent Mental Capacity Advocate (IMCA)\n\n- a Court of Protection deputy\n\n- someone who has a lasting or enduring power of attorney\n\n## Suitability\n\nThe court will check you\u2019re suitable by making sure:\n\n- your interests do not conflict with theirs\n\n- you can make decisions about the case in a fair and competent way\n\nYou must fill in a certificate of suitability if you\u2019re applying be someone\u2019s litigation friend.\n\n## If there\u2019s no one suitable to be litigation friend\n\nThe Official Solicitor will act as a litigation friend if:\n\n- nobody else is suitable and willing to be litigation friend\n\n- there\u2019s money available to pay the Official Solicitor\u2019s costs, for example legal aid\n\n- the person\u2019s doctor or another medical professional, for example their psychiatrist, confirms they lack capacity to manage the case (unless they\u2019re a child)\n\nThe court will appoint the Official Solicitor - if he agrees - at the relevant time.\n\nContact the relevant section of the Official Solicitor\u2019s office if you have a query about his involvement in a case.\n\n## Apply to be a litigation friend\n\nYou can apply to be someone\u2019s litigation friend by either:\n\n- providing a copy of the court order that appointed you as the person\u2019s deputy if it gives you permission to act as their litigation friend\n\n- filling in a certificate of suitability if you\u2019re not the person\u2019s deputy\n\nYou must send (\u2018file\u2019) your court order or certificate of suitability with the court before you can act on the person\u2019s behalf.\n\nThe person\u2019s solicitor usually does this, but you can do it yourself if there\u2019s no solicitor yet. Contact the court to find out where to deliver your documents. You\u2019ll then have to find a solicitor to act for the other person.\n\n## Deputies: civil cases\n\nIf you\u2019re the deputy of the claimant (the person bringing the case to court) and your deputy\u2019s court order gives you permission to be litigation friend, you must file your court order together with the claim form that starts the court case.\n\n## Certificate of suitability\n\nDownload and fill in the relevant form to apply in the:\n\n- civil courts\n\n- family courts\n\n- Court of Protection\n\nDeliver in person (\u2018serve\u2019) a completed copy of the relevant form to the:\n\n- parent, guardian or carer, if you\u2019re applying to be a child\u2019s litigation friend\n\n- deputy, attorney with a lasting power of attorney or enduring power of attorney, or carer of the adult you want to be litigation friend for\n\n- the adult, known as the \u2018protected party\u2019, you want to be litigation friend for\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to act for an adult, explain on the certificate of suitability form why you think they need someone to make decisions about the case on their behalf.\n\n## Certificate of service\n\nWhen you\u2019ve served the certificate of suitability, download and fill in the relevant certificate of service for a:\n\n- civil case\n\n- family case\n\n- Court of Protection case depending on whether you\u2019re serving the other person or someone else\n\n## What to do with the forms\n\nDeliver or send the certificate of suitability and certificate of service to the court at the same time.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to be litigation friend for the person making the claim in a civil case, your forms must be delivered with the claim form.\n\n## Ask the court to appoint a litigation friend\n\nYou or anyone involved can apply to the court to get a litigation friend appointed at any time during the case.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the relevant form to apply in the:\n\n- civil courts\n\n- family courts\n\n- Court of Protection\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence that the person you want the court to appoint:\n\n- agrees to be the litigation friend\n\n- is suitable and willing\n\n- is able to carry out the duties\n\nDeliver in person (\u2018serve\u2019) a completed copy of the relevant form to the:\n\n- parent, guardian or carer if you\u2019re applying to get a litigation friend appointed for a child\n\n- deputy, attorney with a lasting power of attorney or enduring power of attorney, or carer if you\u2019re applying to get a litigation friend appointed for an adult\n\n- the adult you\u2019re applying to get a litigation friend appointed for\n\n## Certificate of service\n\nWhen you\u2019ve served the certificate of suitability, download and fill in the relevant certificate of service for a:\n\n- civil case\n\n- family case\n\n- Court of Protection case depending on whether you\u2019re serving the other person or someone else\n\nDeliver or send the certificate of suitability and certificate of service to the court at the same time.\n\n## Stop being a litigation friend\n\nYou\u2019ll usually stop being a litigation friend when:\n\n- the case ends, unless you\u2019re litigation friend for a child and they\u2019ve been given a settlement\n\n- the child turns 18\n\n- the adult who did not have mental capacity recovers or gets mental capacity\n\n- you or someone else applies to the court for a replacement litigation friend\n\n## If you\u2019re litigation friend for a child\n\nIf the case has already been settled and you\u2019re managing a Court Funds Office account on the child\u2019s behalf, the Court Funds Office will write to them and explain how they can get their money.\n\nWhen a child turns 18 during the court case, they must write a statement telling the court and everyone involved in the case:\n\n- they\u2019ve turned 18\n\n- you\u2019ve stopped being their litigation friend\n\n- they are or are not going to carry on with the legal case\n\n- their address so documents can be sent to them\n\nThey must file the statement with the court and give a copy to everyone involved in the case.\n\n## When the adult recovers or gets mental capacity\n\nYou, as the litigation friend of someone who recovers mental capacity, or the person themselves can apply to the court for an order to stop you acting as litigation friend.\n\nYou or they must include:\n\n- medical evidence that they\u2019ve recovered capacity\n\n- any Court of Protection orders or declarations\n\nThen they must write a statement telling the court and anyone involved in the case:\n\n- you\u2019ve stopped being their litigation friend\n\n- they are or are not going to carry on with the legal case\n\n- their address so documents can be sent to them\n\nThey must file the statement with the court and give a copy to everyone involved in the case (\u2018serve\u2019 it).\n\nIn a civil case, the person must serve the statement within 28 days from when you stopped being their litigation friend. If they do not, anyone involved in the case can make an application to have their case dismissed.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can be appointed as litigation friend to make decisions about a court case for either:

    ", + "
  • an adult who lacks the mental capacity to manage their own court case either with or without a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • a child
    • ", + "

    The court case can be any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a civil case, except a tribunal
    • ", + "
  • a family case
    • ", + "
  • a Court of Protection case
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to go to court if there\u2019s a hearing, but you cannot act as the other person\u2019s lawyer.

    ", + "

    An adult with a litigation friend is called the \u2018protected party\u2019 in court.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re appointed

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • apply to be someone\u2019s litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • be appointed by the court if someone involved in a case asks them to appoint a litigation friend for one of the other people involved
    • ", + "

    The court will check if you\u2019re suitable. It can appoint you as soon as the case has started or at any time during the case.

    ", + "

    When there\u2019s no one suitable, willing and able to be a litigation friend, the court may ask the Official Solicitor to step in.

    ", + "

    When your appointment ends

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the litigation friend for a child who turns 18 or an adult who recovers capacity during the case, you may need to apply to stop being a litigation friend.

    ", + "

    You may be replaced by the court if you do not carry out your duties properly.

    ", + "

    Duties

    ", + "

    You must \u2018direct the proceedings\u2019 on behalf of the other person if you\u2019re their litigation friend. This means you\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • make decisions in their best interests
    • ", + "
  • do everything you can to tell them what\u2019s happening in the case and find out their wishes and feelings
    • ", + "
  • talk to their solicitor about what\u2019s happening, get advice from them and give instructions to them in the other person\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • pay any costs ordered by the court
    • ", + "

    Civil cases: settlement hearings

    ", + "

    If the person\u2019s going to be paid money to settle the case, there\u2019ll be a hearing to approve the settlement.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to fill in and bring:

    ", + "
  • form CFO 320 if they\u2019re a child - also bring the child\u2019s original birth certificate or a certified copy
    • ", + "
  • form CFO 320 PB if they\u2019re an adult and the money is going in to a Court Funds Office (CFO) account
    • ", + "

    Read guidance on CFO accounts and investments for help with the forms.

    ", + "

    After the court case

    ", + "

    Your role usually ends after the court case, unless you\u2019re the litigation friend of someone awarded money that\u2019s going into a CFO account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to remain the contact for a child\u2019s CFO account until they turn 18 or the court directs that the money is paid out. If you cannot carry out this role, you\u2019ll need to be replaced as a litigation friend.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the deputy of an adult awarded more than \u00a350,000 into a CFO account, you\u2019ll need to manage the account for them. The Court of Protection may agree that a deputy is not needed.

    ", + "

    Civil cases: expenses

    ", + "

    You can apply to the court to be paid back any expenses you\u2019ve had while acting as litigation friend. This can include the premium for a court costs insurance policy or the interest on a loan taken out to pay for a costs insurance policy.

    ", + "

    Write to the judge in charge of your case giving details of what you spent and when. Include your receipts. The court will check whether your expenses are reasonable.

    ", + "

    Who can be a litigation friend

    ", + "

    The court can appoint anyone to be a litigation friend, for example:

    ", + "
  • a parent or guardian
    • ", + "
  • a family member or friend
    • ", + "
  • a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • a professional advocate, such as an Independent Mental Capacity Advocate (IMCA)
    • ", + "
  • a Court of Protection deputy
    • ", + "
  • someone who has a lasting or enduring power of attorney
    • ", + "

    Suitability

    ", + "

    The court will check you\u2019re suitable by making sure:

    ", + "
  • your interests do not conflict with theirs
    • ", + "
  • you can make decisions about the case in a fair and competent way
    • ", + "

    You must fill in a certificate of suitability if you\u2019re applying be someone\u2019s litigation friend.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s no one suitable to be litigation friend

    ", + "

    The Official Solicitor will act as a litigation friend if:

    ", + "
  • nobody else is suitable and willing to be litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s money available to pay the Official Solicitor\u2019s costs, for example legal aid
    • ", + "
  • the person\u2019s doctor or another medical professional, for example their psychiatrist, confirms they lack capacity to manage the case (unless they\u2019re a child)
    • ", + "

    The court will appoint the Official Solicitor - if he agrees - at the relevant time.

    ", + "

    Contact the relevant section of the Official Solicitor\u2019s office if you have a query about his involvement in a case.

    ", + "

    Apply to be a litigation friend

    ", + "

    You can apply to be someone\u2019s litigation friend by either:

    ", + "
  • providing a copy of the court order that appointed you as the person\u2019s deputy if it gives you permission to act as their litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • filling in a certificate of suitability if you\u2019re not the person\u2019s deputy
    • ", + "

    You must send (\u2018file\u2019) your court order or certificate of suitability with the court before you can act on the person\u2019s behalf.

    ", + "

    The person\u2019s solicitor usually does this, but you can do it yourself if there\u2019s no solicitor yet. Contact the court to find out where to deliver your documents. You\u2019ll then have to find a solicitor to act for the other person.

    ", + "

    Deputies: civil cases

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the deputy of the claimant (the person bringing the case to court) and your deputy\u2019s court order gives you permission to be litigation friend, you must file your court order together with the claim form that starts the court case.

    ", + "

    Certificate of suitability

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the relevant form to apply in the:

    ", + "
  • civil courts
    • ", + "
  • family courts
    • ", + "
  • Court of Protection
    • ", + "

    Deliver in person (\u2018serve\u2019) a completed copy of the relevant form to the:

    ", + "
  • parent, guardian or carer, if you\u2019re applying to be a child\u2019s litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • deputy, attorney with a lasting power of attorney or enduring power of attorney, or carer of the adult you want to be litigation friend for
    • ", + "
  • the adult, known as the \u2018protected party\u2019, you want to be litigation friend for
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to act for an adult, explain on the certificate of suitability form why you think they need someone to make decisions about the case on their behalf.

    ", + "

    Certificate of service

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve served the certificate of suitability, download and fill in the relevant certificate of service for a:

    ", + "
  • civil case
    • ", + "
  • family case
    • ", + "
  • Court of Protection case depending on whether you\u2019re serving the other person or someone else
    • ", + "

    What to do with the forms

    ", + "

    Deliver or send the certificate of suitability and certificate of service to the court at the same time.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to be litigation friend for the person making the claim in a civil case, your forms must be delivered with the claim form.

    ", + "

    Ask the court to appoint a litigation friend

    ", + "

    You or anyone involved can apply to the court to get a litigation friend appointed at any time during the case.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the relevant form to apply in the:

    ", + "
  • civil courts
    • ", + "
  • family courts
    • ", + "
  • Court of Protection
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence that the person you want the court to appoint:

    ", + "
  • agrees to be the litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • is suitable and willing
    • ", + "
  • is able to carry out the duties
    • ", + "

    Deliver in person (\u2018serve\u2019) a completed copy of the relevant form to the:

    ", + "
  • parent, guardian or carer if you\u2019re applying to get a litigation friend appointed for a child
    • ", + "
  • deputy, attorney with a lasting power of attorney or enduring power of attorney, or carer if you\u2019re applying to get a litigation friend appointed for an adult
    • ", + "
  • the adult you\u2019re applying to get a litigation friend appointed for
    • ", + "

    Certificate of service

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve served the certificate of suitability, download and fill in the relevant certificate of service for a:

    ", + "
  • civil case
    • ", + "
  • family case
    • ", + "
  • Court of Protection case depending on whether you\u2019re serving the other person or someone else
    • ", + "

    Deliver or send the certificate of suitability and certificate of service to the court at the same time.

    ", + "

    Stop being a litigation friend

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually stop being a litigation friend when:

    ", + "
  • the case ends, unless you\u2019re litigation friend for a child and they\u2019ve been given a settlement
    • ", + "
  • the child turns 18
    • ", + "
  • the adult who did not have mental capacity recovers or gets mental capacity
    • ", + "
  • you or someone else applies to the court for a replacement litigation friend
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re litigation friend for a child

    ", + "

    If the case has already been settled and you\u2019re managing a Court Funds Office account on the child\u2019s behalf, the Court Funds Office will write to them and explain how they can get their money.

    ", + "

    When a child turns 18 during the court case, they must write a statement telling the court and everyone involved in the case:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve turned 18
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve stopped being their litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • they are or are not going to carry on with the legal case
    • ", + "
  • their address so documents can be sent to them
    • ", + "

    They must file the statement with the court and give a copy to everyone involved in the case.

    ", + "

    When the adult recovers or gets mental capacity

    ", + "

    You, as the litigation friend of someone who recovers mental capacity, or the person themselves can apply to the court for an order to stop you acting as litigation friend.

    ", + "

    You or they must include:

    ", + "
  • medical evidence that they\u2019ve recovered capacity
    • ", + "
  • any Court of Protection orders or declarations
    • ", + "

    Then they must write a statement telling the court and anyone involved in the case:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve stopped being their litigation friend
    • ", + "
  • they are or are not going to carry on with the legal case
    • ", + "
  • their address so documents can be sent to them
    • ", + "

    They must file the statement with the court and give a copy to everyone involved in the case (\u2018serve\u2019 it).

    ", + "

    In a civil case, the person must serve the statement within 28 days from when you stopped being their litigation friend. If they do not, anyone involved in the case can make an application to have their case dismissed.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals", + "title": "Make a claim to an employment tribunal", + "content": "## When you can claim\n\nYou can make a claim to an employment tribunal if you think someone has treated you unlawfully, such as your employer, a potential employer or a trade union.\n\nUnlawful treatment can include:\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n- discrimination\n\n- unfair deductions from your pay\n\nThis guide and the online service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou usually have to make a claim to the tribunal within 3 months of your employment ending or the problem happening.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to you (the \u2018claimant\u2019) and the person you\u2019re making a claim against (the \u2018respondent\u2019) before making a decision.\n\nSee if there\u2019s another way to solve the problem before you make a claim to a tribunal, such as using a grievance procedure.\n\n## Before you make a claim\n\nYou must tell the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) that you intend to make a claim to the tribunal.\n\nYou\u2019ll be offered the chance to try and settle the dispute without going to court by using Acas\u2019s free \u2018Early Conciliation\u2019 service.\n\nIf early conciliation does not work, Acas will send you an early conciliation certificate - use this when you make a claim to the tribunal.\n\nOnce you receive your certificate, you\u2019ll have at least one month left to make your claim.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nCall the Employment Tribunal customer contact centre if you have any questions about your claim. They cannot give you legal advice.\n\nCall Acas if you have any questions about early conciliation. They cannot answer questions about your claim.\n\n## Legal help\n\nYou may want to get legal help or advice if you\u2019re in England and Wales or Scotland before you make your claim.\n\nYour trade union may be able to pay for a solicitor.\n\nYou can also get free legal advice from Citizens Advice or Citizens Advice Scotland.\n\nThe Equality Advisory and Support Service can help if your claim is about discrimination. You may also be able to get legal aid.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nYou can make a claim to the employment tribunal online.\n\nYou should read the guidance for whistleblowing if it relates to your claim.\n\nThis online service is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nClaim online\n\n## Make a claim by post\n\nYou can also download and fill in a claim form.\n\nRead the guidance for making a claim before you fill in the form. You should also read the guidance for whistleblowing if it relates to your claim.\n\nYou do not have to pay a fee to make a claim to the Employment Tribunal, even if it says so on the form.\n\nSend your completed form to one of the following addresses, depending on where you were working.\n\n## Talk-through service\n\nUse the employment tribunal talk-through service only if you\u2019re unable to use a computer without help.\n\nBefore calling make sure you have:\n\n- your Acas early conciliation certificate number or a valid reason why you do not have one\n\n- details of your claim including the background, dates and people involved\n\nThis service will not give you advice on the details of your claim. Contact the number for general enquiries instead.\n\n## After you make a claim\n\nThe respondent usually has to reply to your claim in writing within 28 days of getting your claim form. They will give their side of the case.\n\nOnce they\u2019ve replied, the tribunal will decide whether there will be a full hearing to decide on your case.\n\nIf they do not reply, the tribunal may decide on your case without you having to go to a hearing.\n\n## Hearings and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person.\n\nIf you\u2019re a legal professional, read guidance on how cases are affected by COVID-19.\n\n## \u2018Preliminary hearing\u2019\n\nYou may be asked to go to an initial hearing (called a preliminary hearing) with the judge to decide on things like:\n\n- whether part or all of your claim can go ahead\n\n- the date and time of a hearing\n\n- how long the hearing should take\n\n## Arrange documents\n\nYou can ask the respondent for documents that will help you with your case, and they can request documents from you.\n\nExamples of documents include:\n\n- a contract of employment\n\n- pay slips\n\n- details of your pension scheme\n\n- notes from relevant meetings you attended at work\n\nUsually the tribunal will issue an order setting out a timetable for when you should exchange documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how many copies of each document to bring to the hearing.\n\n## Organise witnesses\n\nYou can bring witnesses to the hearing if they can give evidence directly relevant to your case.\n\nIf you ask a witness to attend and they do not want to, you can ask the tribunal to order them to come. You must apply in writing to the tribunal office dealing with your case, giving:\n\n- the name and address of the witness\n\n- details of what the witness may be able to say and how it will help your case\n\n- the reason the witness has refused to attend (if they gave you one)\n\nYou\u2019ll most likely be responsible for paying the witness\u2019s expenses.\n\n## Going to a tribunal hearing\n\nCases are normally held at the employment tribunal office closest to where you worked.\n\nYou must take the documents you\u2019re using to support your case. You can take a colleague or someone else with you if you want.\n\nYou cannot claim for expenses for going to the hearing.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. If you need to attend in person, find out what to expect when coming to your hearing. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll present your case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The respondent will present their case against you.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally give evidence first, unless your case is about unfair dismissal. You can also call witnesses to give evidence.\n\nYou will usually be asked questions by:\n\n- the judge\n\n- the respondent\n\n- two other tribunal members (only in certain cases)\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the decision in the post a few days or weeks after the hearing. The decision will be published on GOV.UK. In certain cases you may also be given the decision at the hearing.\n\n## If you win your case\n\nIf you win your case, the tribunal can order the losing party to do certain things depending on the type of case. Examples include:\n\n- paying you compensation\n\n- paying you any witness expenses you\u2019ve paid\n\n- improving your working conditions\n\n- giving you your job back, if appropriate\n\nIf you get compensation, the amount can depend on:\n\n- the type of case - there are limits on certain cases\n\n- how much money you\u2019ve lost because of the respondent\u2019s actions\n\n- your age, length of service and salary\n\n## If the respondent does not pay\n\nIf you do not get your payment, contact them to find out why.\n\nIf they still do not pay you can ask to have them fined and named online by the government. You can also ask a court to force them to pay.\n\nYou cannot do these things if the respondent has appealed, or is about to. They have 42 days to appeal.\n\n## Get the respondent fined and named online by the government\n\nUse the penalty enforcement form. Post it to the address on the form or email it to the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy.\n\nThe respondent will initially get a warning notice telling them they may be fined, and named online by the government.\n\nIf they do not pay the compensation within 28 days of this notice they\u2019ll have to pay a fine and may be named online by the government.\n\nYou can still get a court to force them to pay.\n\n## Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in England or Wales\n\nYou can use the Fast Track scheme to send a High Court Enforcement Officer - similar to a bailiff - to demand payment from the respondent.\n\nIt costs \u00a366, which you get back from the respondent when they pay.\n\nFill in the Fast Track Enforcement form (or the Acas settlement form if your case was settled before a hearing) and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can also ask the local county court to send an enforcement officer to get the money from the respondent. This costs \u00a344.\n\nFill in an application to enforce an award form and send it with a copy of the tribunal\u2019s decision to your local county court.\n\n## Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nWrite to the office that heard your case and ask for an \u2018extract of the judgment\u2019. A sheriff officer can use this to force the respondent to pay.\n\nIf the respondent is \u2018insolvent\u2019 (for example, they\u2019re in administration, liquidation or receivership) you can make a claim for money they owe you, including redundancy payments.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou can ask the tribunal to reconsider the decision (or \u2018judgment\u2019) if you lose your case.\n\nYou must write to the tribunal office within 14 days of getting the decision, saying why you want it to be reconsidered.\n\nYou also need to give good reasons, for example:\n\n- the tribunal made a mistake in the way it reached its decision\n\n- you were not told about the hearing, or were not at the hearing\n\n- there\u2019s new evidence\n\nSend your letter to the tribunal office that dealt with your case.\n\n## Appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal\n\nYou can also appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal if you think the employment tribunal made a legal mistake.\n\n## Get a refund for tribunal fees\n\nYou can get a refund if you paid fees at an Employment Tribunal or Employment Appeals Tribunal between 29 July 2013 and 26 July 2017.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply online if:\n\n- you have not changed your name since you made the claim to the tribunal\n\n- your claim was against one employer\n\n- you have a UK bank account\n\nOtherwise, you can apply by post or email.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include how much you paid in tribunal fees.\n\n## Apply online\n\nUse the service to apply for a refund online.\n\n## Apply by email or post\n\nThe form you use depends on why you paid the fees.\n\nUse form 1/2-CR if:\n\n- you made the claim on your own and paid the fees\n\n- a claim was brought against you and you were ordered to pay someone\u2019s fees, or if you paid any other fees to the tribunal\n\n- you were the \u2018lead claimant\u2019 in a joint (\u2018multiple\u2019) claim for less than 11 people\n\nUse form 3-S if:\n\n- you paid the fees for someone else to make the claim\n\n- you were the \u2018lead claimant\u2019 in a joint (\u2018multiple\u2019) claim for over 10 people\n\nSend your completed form by post or email to HM Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS).\n\n## Get help applying\n\nContact HMCTS if you need help applying or have questions about refunds.\n\nFind out about call charges.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf you\u2019re entitled to a refund it\u2019ll be transferred to your bank account (plus 0.5% interest). You\u2019ll get a letter confirming the amount.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Employment Tribunal follows rules and processes that you also have to follow.\n\nYou can also read other relevant tribunal rules and regulations.\n\nThe tribunal has issued guidance and practice directions for England and Wales and Scotland which provide more information about specific areas, such as postponing hearings and serving documents.\n\nYou can also read guidance about specific cases.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can claim

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to an employment tribunal if you think someone has treated you unlawfully, such as your employer, a potential employer or a trade union.

    ", + "

    Unlawful treatment can include:

    ", + "
  • unfair dismissal
    • ", + "
  • discrimination
    • ", + "
  • unfair deductions from your pay
    • ", + "

    This guide and the online service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You usually have to make a claim to the tribunal within 3 months of your employment ending or the problem happening.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to you (the \u2018claimant\u2019) and the person you\u2019re making a claim against (the \u2018respondent\u2019) before making a decision.

    ", + "

    See if there\u2019s another way to solve the problem before you make a claim to a tribunal, such as using a grievance procedure.

    ", + "

    Before you make a claim

    ", + "

    You must tell the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) that you intend to make a claim to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be offered the chance to try and settle the dispute without going to court by using Acas\u2019s free \u2018Early Conciliation\u2019 service.

    ", + "

    If early conciliation does not work, Acas will send you an early conciliation certificate - use this when you make a claim to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Once you receive your certificate, you\u2019ll have at least one month left to make your claim.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    Call the Employment Tribunal customer contact centre if you have any questions about your claim. They cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    Call Acas if you have any questions about early conciliation. They cannot answer questions about your claim.

    ", + "

    Legal help

    ", + "

    You may want to get legal help or advice if you\u2019re in England and Wales or Scotland before you make your claim.

    ", + "

    Your trade union may be able to pay for a solicitor.

    ", + "

    You can also get free legal advice from Citizens Advice or Citizens Advice Scotland.

    ", + "

    The Equality Advisory and Support Service can help if your claim is about discrimination. You may also be able to get legal aid.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to the employment tribunal online.

    ", + "

    You should read the guidance for whistleblowing if it relates to your claim.

    ", + "

    This online service is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Claim online

    ", + "

    Make a claim by post

    ", + "

    You can also download and fill in a claim form.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance for making a claim before you fill in the form. You should also read the guidance for whistleblowing if it relates to your claim.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay a fee to make a claim to the Employment Tribunal, even if it says so on the form.

    ", + "

    Send your completed form to one of the following addresses, depending on where you were working.

    ", + "

    Talk-through service

    ", + "

    Use the employment tribunal talk-through service only if you\u2019re unable to use a computer without help.

    ", + "

    Before calling make sure you have:

    ", + "
  • your Acas early conciliation certificate number or a valid reason why you do not have one
    • ", + "
  • details of your claim including the background, dates and people involved
    • ", + "

    This service will not give you advice on the details of your claim. Contact the number for general enquiries instead.

    ", + "

    After you make a claim

    ", + "

    The respondent usually has to reply to your claim in writing within 28 days of getting your claim form. They will give their side of the case.

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve replied, the tribunal will decide whether there will be a full hearing to decide on your case.

    ", + "

    If they do not reply, the tribunal may decide on your case without you having to go to a hearing.

    ", + "

    Hearings and coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a legal professional, read guidance on how cases are affected by COVID-19.

    ", + "

    \u2018Preliminary hearing\u2019

    ", + "

    You may be asked to go to an initial hearing (called a preliminary hearing) with the judge to decide on things like:

    ", + "
  • whether part or all of your claim can go ahead
    • ", + "
  • the date and time of a hearing
    • ", + "
  • how long the hearing should take
    • ", + "

    Arrange documents

    ", + "

    You can ask the respondent for documents that will help you with your case, and they can request documents from you.

    ", + "

    Examples of documents include:

    ", + "
  • a contract of employment
    • ", + "
  • pay slips
    • ", + "
  • details of your pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • notes from relevant meetings you attended at work
    • ", + "

    Usually the tribunal will issue an order setting out a timetable for when you should exchange documents.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how many copies of each document to bring to the hearing.

    ", + "

    Organise witnesses

    ", + "

    You can bring witnesses to the hearing if they can give evidence directly relevant to your case.

    ", + "

    If you ask a witness to attend and they do not want to, you can ask the tribunal to order them to come. You must apply in writing to the tribunal office dealing with your case, giving:

    ", + "
  • the name and address of the witness
    • ", + "
  • details of what the witness may be able to say and how it will help your case
    • ", + "
  • the reason the witness has refused to attend (if they gave you one)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll most likely be responsible for paying the witness\u2019s expenses.

    ", + "

    Going to a tribunal hearing

    ", + "

    Cases are normally held at the employment tribunal office closest to where you worked.

    ", + "

    You must take the documents you\u2019re using to support your case. You can take a colleague or someone else with you if you want.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for expenses for going to the hearing.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. If you need to attend in person, find out what to expect when coming to your hearing. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll present your case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The respondent will present their case against you.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally give evidence first, unless your case is about unfair dismissal. You can also call witnesses to give evidence.

    ", + "

    You will usually be asked questions by:

    ", + "
  • the judge
    • ", + "
  • the respondent
    • ", + "
  • two other tribunal members (only in certain cases)
    • ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent the decision in the post a few days or weeks after the hearing. The decision will be published on GOV.UK. In certain cases you may also be given the decision at the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you win your case

    ", + "

    If you win your case, the tribunal can order the losing party to do certain things depending on the type of case. Examples include:

    ", + "
  • paying you compensation
    • ", + "
  • paying you any witness expenses you\u2019ve paid
    • ", + "
  • improving your working conditions
    • ", + "
  • giving you your job back, if appropriate
    • ", + "

    If you get compensation, the amount can depend on:

    ", + "
  • the type of case - there are limits on certain cases
    • ", + "
  • how much money you\u2019ve lost because of the respondent\u2019s actions
    • ", + "
  • your age, length of service and salary
    • ", + "

    If the respondent does not pay

    ", + "

    If you do not get your payment, contact them to find out why.

    ", + "

    If they still do not pay you can ask to have them fined and named online by the government. You can also ask a court to force them to pay.

    ", + "

    You cannot do these things if the respondent has appealed, or is about to. They have 42 days to appeal.

    ", + "

    Get the respondent fined and named online by the government

    ", + "

    Use the penalty enforcement form. Post it to the address on the form or email it to the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy.

    ", + "

    The respondent will initially get a warning notice telling them they may be fined, and named online by the government.

    ", + "

    If they do not pay the compensation within 28 days of this notice they\u2019ll have to pay a fine and may be named online by the government.

    ", + "

    You can still get a court to force them to pay.

    ", + "

    Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in England or Wales

    ", + "

    You can use the Fast Track scheme to send a High Court Enforcement Officer - similar to a bailiff - to demand payment from the respondent.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a366, which you get back from the respondent when they pay.

    ", + "

    Fill in the Fast Track Enforcement form (or the Acas settlement form if your case was settled before a hearing) and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You can also ask the local county court to send an enforcement officer to get the money from the respondent. This costs \u00a344.

    ", + "

    Fill in an application to enforce an award form and send it with a copy of the tribunal\u2019s decision to your local county court.

    ", + "

    Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in Scotland

    ", + "

    Write to the office that heard your case and ask for an \u2018extract of the judgment\u2019. A sheriff officer can use this to force the respondent to pay.

    ", + "

    If the respondent is \u2018insolvent\u2019 (for example, they\u2019re in administration, liquidation or receivership) you can make a claim for money they owe you, including redundancy payments.

    ", + "

    If you lose your case

    ", + "

    You can ask the tribunal to reconsider the decision (or \u2018judgment\u2019) if you lose your case.

    ", + "

    You must write to the tribunal office within 14 days of getting the decision, saying why you want it to be reconsidered.

    ", + "

    You also need to give good reasons, for example:

    ", + "
  • the tribunal made a mistake in the way it reached its decision
    • ", + "
  • you were not told about the hearing, or were not at the hearing
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s new evidence
    • ", + "

    Send your letter to the tribunal office that dealt with your case.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal

    ", + "

    You can also appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal if you think the employment tribunal made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get a refund for tribunal fees

    ", + "

    You can get a refund if you paid fees at an Employment Tribunal or Employment Appeals Tribunal between 29 July 2013 and 26 July 2017.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply online if:

    ", + "
  • you have not changed your name since you made the claim to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • your claim was against one employer
    • ", + "
  • you have a UK bank account
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, you can apply by post or email.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include how much you paid in tribunal fees.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Use the service to apply for a refund online.

    ", + "

    Apply by email or post

    ", + "

    The form you use depends on why you paid the fees.

    ", + "

    Use form 1/2-CR if:

    ", + "
  • you made the claim on your own and paid the fees
    • ", + "
  • a claim was brought against you and you were ordered to pay someone\u2019s fees, or if you paid any other fees to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • you were the \u2018lead claimant\u2019 in a joint (\u2018multiple\u2019) claim for less than 11 people
    • ", + "

    Use form 3-S if:

    ", + "
  • you paid the fees for someone else to make the claim
    • ", + "
  • you were the \u2018lead claimant\u2019 in a joint (\u2018multiple\u2019) claim for over 10 people
    • ", + "

    Send your completed form by post or email to HM Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS).

    ", + "

    Get help applying

    ", + "

    Contact HMCTS if you need help applying or have questions about refunds.

    ", + "

    Find out about call charges.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re entitled to a refund it\u2019ll be transferred to your bank account (plus 0.5% interest). You\u2019ll get a letter confirming the amount.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The Employment Tribunal follows rules and processes that you also have to follow.

    ", + "

    You can also read other relevant tribunal rules and regulations.

    ", + "

    The tribunal has issued guidance and practice directions for England and Wales and Scotland which provide more information about specific areas, such as postponing hearings and serving documents.

    ", + "

    You can also read guidance about specific cases.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-statement-to-the-parole-board": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-statement-to-the-parole-board", + "title": "Make a victim personal statement to the Parole Board", + "content": "## Who can make a victim personal statement and when\n\nThe Parole Board decides if prisoners who are eligible for parole can be released. It also makes recommendations on whether it\u2019s safe for prisoners to be:\n\n- transferred to an open prison\n\n- given a temporary release under supervision (known as being \u2018on licence\u2019 or probation)\n\n## Victims\n\nYou can make a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019 to be presented at the Parole Board hearing if you\u2019re a victim of the prisoner.\n\nThis is sometimes known as an \u2018impact statement\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland, you need to make a written representation to the Parole Board for Scotland.\n\nYou can use your statement to explain how the crime has affected you - from the time it was committed until now.\n\nThis includes the effect the crime has had on you and your family:\n\n- physically\n\n- mentally\n\n- emotionally\n\n- financially\n\n## Relatives of victims\n\nYou can make a victim personal statement if you\u2019re a close relative of a victim who:\n\n- has died\n\n- is aged under 18\n\n- cannot make a statement themselves - for example, because of mental incapacity or illness\n\nClose relatives include spouses and partners, parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren, siblings and dependants. Other family members, guardians and carers of victims may also be allowed to make a statement.\n\nWhen more than one relative wants to make a statement, the Parole Board may ask for 1 or 2 statements to represent them all.\n\n## When to make your victim personal statement\n\nIf you choose to join the Victim Contact Scheme, your Victim Liaison Officer will tell you when a prisoner is being considered for parole.\n\nThey\u2019ll tell you when to write your victim personal statement. They\u2019ll also send it to the Parole Board for you at least 28 days before the hearing.\n\nIf you did not join the Victim Contact Scheme, you can contact your local probation office about:\n\n- giving a statement\n\n- joining the scheme if you want to be told when a prisoner is being considered for release or transfer\n\nThe Parole Board has more information about making a victim personal statement and joining the Victim Contact Scheme.\n\n## How a victim personal statement is used\n\nThe Parole Board panel makes a decision based on whether a prisoner is a risk to the public.\n\nThe panel can use your victim personal statement to help it:\n\n- understand the impact of the crime\n\n- decide what questions to ask the prisoner, to find out about their understanding of how their crimes have affected victims\n\n- decide what the prisoner can and cannot do (known as \u2018licence conditions\u2019) if they\u2019re released\n\nThe Parole Board will make its decision by:\n\n- privately reviewing a file of information and reports about the prisoner\n\n- holding a hearing, if the board needs more information\n\nYou can ask to attend the hearing to read out your statement if you want, or have it read out for you. The Parole Board decides if you can attend.\n\n## Write your victim personal statement\n\nYour victim personal statement is your opportunity to explain how a crime has affected you and your family - for example, physically, emotionally, financially or in any other way.\n\nYou can update the statement that you wrote for the prisoner\u2019s trial or write a new one.\n\nYour statement should take less than 10 minutes to read out.\n\nYou can usually choose how your statement is presented at an oral hearing.\n\nYou must always submit a written version of your statement.\n\n## What to include\n\nYou need to include how the:\n\n- crime affected you at the time\n\n- crime has affected you since it happened\n\n- prisoner\u2019s release or move to an open prison would affect you, your family, friends or community\n\nDo not include:\n\n- whether you think the prisoner should be released\n\n- long descriptions of the original crime\n\n- any threats or critical comments to or about the prisoner or the Parole Board\n\nTell your Victim Liaison Officer if you think you have other information that will help the Parole Board make a decision.\n\n## Young victims and children\n\nIf you do not want to or cannot make a written victim personal statement, you can tell your Victim Liaison Officer about how:\n\n- you and your family were hurt\n\n- the crime makes you feel now\n\n- you think you would feel if the prisoner was released\n\nYour Victim Liaison Officer will write this down and give it to the Parole Board.\n\nYour parent or guardian can also make a statement if they want to.\n\n## The prisoner\u2019s access to your victim personal statement\n\nPrisoners usually have full access to all victim personal statements presented at their hearing.\n\nSpeak to your Victim Liaison Officer if you do not want the prisoner to have access to your statement.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a good case that it will:\n\n- put you or your family at risk\n\n- have a negative effect on you in some other way\n\nStatements are only withheld from prisoners under exceptional circumstances.\n\n## Choose how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have a choice of how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing.\n\nYou can ask:\n\n- for the Parole Board panel to read your statement themselves\n\n- to attend the hearing and read out your statement in person\n\n- to attend the hearing and choose someone else to read out your statement\n\n- to choose someone to go the hearing instead of you and read out your statement\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) you cannot currently attend hearings in person. You will have to submit your statement remotely.\n\nAt some hearings you may be able to read out your statement via a live video link or make a recording for the panel.\n\nRequests by victims to attend hearings are usually granted, but it\u2019s not a legal right and you can be refused.\n\nYou can usually bring your Victim Liaison Officer or a family member or friend if you come to the hearing.\n\nPeople under 18 years of age usually cannot attend parole hearings in person and must choose one of the other options, such as getting someone else to read out your statement.\n\n## What happens at a parole hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to read out your victim personal statement (unless someone else is reading it for you).\n\nYou will not be able to add anything to your written statement at the hearing and will not usually be asked questions.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made your statement you\u2019ll be asked to leave and the hearing will continue.\n\nYour Victim Liaison Officer will tell you the outcome.\n\nRead the guide on getting parole for detailed information on what happens at a parole hearing.\n\n## Prisoners at parole hearings\n\nPrisoners are usually not present while their victims read their statements. The prisoner\u2019s legal representative is usually there.\n\nYou can ask that the prisoner is present while you read your statement, but they\u2019ll need to agree to this and the Parole Board has to allow it.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Who can make a victim personal statement and when

    ", + "

    The Parole Board decides if prisoners who are eligible for parole can be released. It also makes recommendations on whether it\u2019s safe for prisoners to be:

    ", + "
  • transferred to an open prison
    • ", + "
  • given a temporary release under supervision (known as being \u2018on licence\u2019 or probation)
    • ", + "

    Victims

    ", + "

    You can make a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019 to be presented at the Parole Board hearing if you\u2019re a victim of the prisoner.

    ", + "

    This is sometimes known as an \u2018impact statement\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Scotland, you need to make a written representation to the Parole Board for Scotland.

    ", + "

    You can use your statement to explain how the crime has affected you - from the time it was committed until now.

    ", + "

    This includes the effect the crime has had on you and your family:

    ", + "
  • physically
    • ", + "
  • mentally
    • ", + "
  • emotionally
    • ", + "
  • financially
    • ", + "

    Relatives of victims

    ", + "

    You can make a victim personal statement if you\u2019re a close relative of a victim who:

    ", + "
  • has died
    • ", + "
  • is aged under 18
    • ", + "
  • cannot make a statement themselves - for example, because of mental incapacity or illness
    • ", + "

    Close relatives include spouses and partners, parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren, siblings and dependants. Other family members, guardians and carers of victims may also be allowed to make a statement.

    ", + "

    When more than one relative wants to make a statement, the Parole Board may ask for 1 or 2 statements to represent them all.

    ", + "

    When to make your victim personal statement

    ", + "

    If you choose to join the Victim Contact Scheme, your Victim Liaison Officer will tell you when a prisoner is being considered for parole.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll tell you when to write your victim personal statement. They\u2019ll also send it to the Parole Board for you at least 28 days before the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you did not join the Victim Contact Scheme, you can contact your local probation office about:

    ", + "
  • giving a statement
    • ", + "
  • joining the scheme if you want to be told when a prisoner is being considered for release or transfer
    • ", + "

    The Parole Board has more information about making a victim personal statement and joining the Victim Contact Scheme.

    ", + "

    How a victim personal statement is used

    ", + "

    The Parole Board panel makes a decision based on whether a prisoner is a risk to the public.

    ", + "

    The panel can use your victim personal statement to help it:

    ", + "
  • understand the impact of the crime
    • ", + "
  • decide what questions to ask the prisoner, to find out about their understanding of how their crimes have affected victims
    • ", + "
  • decide what the prisoner can and cannot do (known as \u2018licence conditions\u2019) if they\u2019re released
    • ", + "

    The Parole Board will make its decision by:

    ", + "
  • privately reviewing a file of information and reports about the prisoner
    • ", + "
  • holding a hearing, if the board needs more information
    • ", + "

    You can ask to attend the hearing to read out your statement if you want, or have it read out for you. The Parole Board decides if you can attend.

    ", + "

    Write your victim personal statement

    ", + "

    Your victim personal statement is your opportunity to explain how a crime has affected you and your family - for example, physically, emotionally, financially or in any other way.

    ", + "

    You can update the statement that you wrote for the prisoner\u2019s trial or write a new one.

    ", + "

    Your statement should take less than 10 minutes to read out.

    ", + "

    You can usually choose how your statement is presented at an oral hearing.

    ", + "

    You must always submit a written version of your statement.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    You need to include how the:

    ", + "
  • crime affected you at the time
    • ", + "
  • crime has affected you since it happened
    • ", + "
  • prisoner\u2019s release or move to an open prison would affect you, your family, friends or community
    • ", + "

    Do not include:

    ", + "
  • whether you think the prisoner should be released
    • ", + "
  • long descriptions of the original crime
    • ", + "
  • any threats or critical comments to or about the prisoner or the Parole Board
    • ", + "

    Tell your Victim Liaison Officer if you think you have other information that will help the Parole Board make a decision.

    ", + "

    Young victims and children

    ", + "

    If you do not want to or cannot make a written victim personal statement, you can tell your Victim Liaison Officer about how:

    ", + "
  • you and your family were hurt
    • ", + "
  • the crime makes you feel now
    • ", + "
  • you think you would feel if the prisoner was released
    • ", + "

    Your Victim Liaison Officer will write this down and give it to the Parole Board.

    ", + "

    Your parent or guardian can also make a statement if they want to.

    ", + "

    The prisoner\u2019s access to your victim personal statement

    ", + "

    Prisoners usually have full access to all victim personal statements presented at their hearing.

    ", + "

    Speak to your Victim Liaison Officer if you do not want the prisoner to have access to your statement.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make a good case that it will:

    ", + "
  • put you or your family at risk
    • ", + "
  • have a negative effect on you in some other way
    • ", + "

    Statements are only withheld from prisoners under exceptional circumstances.

    ", + "

    Choose how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have a choice of how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing.

    ", + "

    You can ask:

    ", + "
  • for the Parole Board panel to read your statement themselves
    • ", + "
  • to attend the hearing and read out your statement in person
    • ", + "
  • to attend the hearing and choose someone else to read out your statement
    • ", + "
  • to choose someone to go the hearing instead of you and read out your statement
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) you cannot currently attend hearings in person. You will have to submit your statement remotely.

    ", + "

    At some hearings you may be able to read out your statement via a live video link or make a recording for the panel.

    ", + "

    Requests by victims to attend hearings are usually granted, but it\u2019s not a legal right and you can be refused.

    ", + "

    You can usually bring your Victim Liaison Officer or a family member or friend if you come to the hearing.

    ", + "

    People under 18 years of age usually cannot attend parole hearings in person and must choose one of the other options, such as getting someone else to read out your statement.

    ", + "

    What happens at a parole hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to read out your victim personal statement (unless someone else is reading it for you).

    ", + "

    You will not be able to add anything to your written statement at the hearing and will not usually be asked questions.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve made your statement you\u2019ll be asked to leave and the hearing will continue.

    ", + "

    Your Victim Liaison Officer will tell you the outcome.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on getting parole for detailed information on what happens at a parole hearing.

    ", + "

    Prisoners at parole hearings

    ", + "

    Prisoners are usually not present while their victims read their statements. The prisoner\u2019s legal representative is usually there.

    ", + "

    You can ask that the prisoner is present while you read your statement, but they\u2019ll need to agree to this and the Parole Board has to allow it.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/represent-yourself-in-court": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/represent-yourself-in-court", + "title": "Represent yourself in court", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou have the right to speak for yourself in court without a solicitor or other legal professional.\n\nYou may choose to do this because:\n\n- you think it\u2019s better to talk directly to the judge, jury or magistrates yourself\n\n- you cannot afford to pay legal fees\n\nIf you\u2019re considering representing yourself because you cannot afford legal costs, check if you can get legal aid instead.\n\nYou\u2019ll be known as a \u2018litigant in person\u2019 if you represent yourself. You\u2019ll also be known as an \u2018applicant\u2019, \u2018respondent\u2019 or \u2018defendant\u2019 depending on whether your case is heard in a family, civil or criminal court.\n\nRead Advicenow\u2019s guides to going to court for advice on how to conduct your case.\n\nThere are different courts and rules in Scotland.\n\n## Someone with you in court\n\nYou may be allowed to have someone to help you in court by taking notes and giving advice, but they cannot:\n\n- speak for you\n\n- interfere with proceedings\n\n- sign documents on your behalf\n\nThis person is known as a \u2018McKenzie friend\u2019.\n\nThe judge will decide whether you can have a McKenzie friend with you in court.\n\nRead guidance on what a McKenzie friend can and cannot do.\n\n## Get legal advice\n\nYou can still get legal advice to help you with your case, even if you choose to represent yourself in court.\n\nFind a solicitor.\n\nRead advice on what you should consider before going to court for a debt, dispute or personal injury claim.\n\n## Divorce and separation involving children\n\nYou\u2019ll be referred to as the \u2018applicant\u2019 if you brought the case, for example you filed the divorce papers.\n\nYou\u2019ll be known as the \u2018respondent\u2019 if you\u2019ve received divorce papers or a request for a separation, or a contact order or residence order for a child.\n\n## Before you go to court\n\nYou must normally go to mediation before you go to court.\n\nThe court will not hear your case until you send them a C100 form.\n\nRead guidance about whether you should take your case to court.\n\nRead the \u2018Guide for Separated Parents: Children and the Family Courts\u2019.\n\nFind out more about:\n\n- how to apply for a court order\n\n- the types of court order you can apply for or respond to\n\n- what the court does after you apply for a court order\n\n- getting free and independent help with forms and documents\n\n## Divorce and separation: money and property\n\nYou\u2019ll be referred to as the:\n\n- \u2018applicant\u2019 if you brought the case, for example you filed a divorce petition\n\n- \u2018respondent\u2019 if someone else has brought the case\n\nFind out what you must do before you go to court if you\u2019re divorcing or separating and you\u2019ve a dispute about money or property.\n\nYou must normally consider mediation before you go to court.\n\nThe court will not hear your case until you send them a C100 form.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You have the right to speak for yourself in court without a solicitor or other legal professional.

    ", + "

    You may choose to do this because:

    ", + "
  • you think it\u2019s better to talk directly to the judge, jury or magistrates yourself
    • ", + "
  • you cannot afford to pay legal fees
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re considering representing yourself because you cannot afford legal costs, check if you can get legal aid instead.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be known as a \u2018litigant in person\u2019 if you represent yourself. You\u2019ll also be known as an \u2018applicant\u2019, \u2018respondent\u2019 or \u2018defendant\u2019 depending on whether your case is heard in a family, civil or criminal court.

    ", + "

    Read Advicenow\u2019s guides to going to court for advice on how to conduct your case.

    ", + "

    There are different courts and rules in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Someone with you in court

    ", + "

    You may be allowed to have someone to help you in court by taking notes and giving advice, but they cannot:

    ", + "
  • speak for you
    • ", + "
  • interfere with proceedings
    • ", + "
  • sign documents on your behalf
    • ", + "

    This person is known as a \u2018McKenzie friend\u2019.

    ", + "

    The judge will decide whether you can have a McKenzie friend with you in court.

    ", + "

    Read guidance on what a McKenzie friend can and cannot do.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice

    ", + "

    You can still get legal advice to help you with your case, even if you choose to represent yourself in court.

    ", + "

    Find a solicitor.

    ", + "

    Read advice on what you should consider before going to court for a debt, dispute or personal injury claim.

    ", + "

    Divorce and separation involving children

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be referred to as the \u2018applicant\u2019 if you brought the case, for example you filed the divorce papers.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be known as the \u2018respondent\u2019 if you\u2019ve received divorce papers or a request for a separation, or a contact order or residence order for a child.

    ", + "

    Before you go to court

    ", + "

    You must normally go to mediation before you go to court.

    ", + "

    The court will not hear your case until you send them a C100 form.

    ", + "

    Read guidance about whether you should take your case to court.

    ", + "

    Read the \u2018Guide for Separated Parents: Children and the Family Courts\u2019.

    ", + "

    Find out more about:

    ", + "
  • how to apply for a court order
    • ", + "
  • the types of court order you can apply for or respond to
    • ", + "
  • what the court does after you apply for a court order
    • ", + "
  • getting free and independent help with forms and documents
    • ", + "

    Divorce and separation: money and property

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be referred to as the:

    ", + "
  • \u2018applicant\u2019 if you brought the case, for example you filed a divorce petition
    • ", + "
  • \u2018respondent\u2019 if someone else has brought the case
    • ", + "

    Find out what you must do before you go to court if you\u2019re divorcing or separating and you\u2019ve a dispute about money or property.

    ", + "

    You must normally consider mediation before you go to court.

    ", + "

    The court will not hear your case until you send them a C100 form.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/housing-tribunals": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/housing-tribunals", + "title": "Solve a residential property dispute", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the First-Tier Tribunal (Property Chamber - Residential Property) if you\u2019re a landlord, tenant, freeholder, leaseholder, park home occupier or site owner. The cases you can apply for include:\n\n- rent increases for \u2018fair\u2019 or \u2018market\u2019 rates\n\n- leasehold disputes, for example variable service charges, recognising a tenants\u2019 association, management disputes\n\n- leasehold enfranchisement, for example buying the freehold for a group of flats, extending a lease\n\n- disputes about park homes, for example breach of agreement, changing the pitch fee\n\n- financial penalties issued by local authorities\n\n- rent repayment orders\n\n- improvement notices and prohibition orders where your notice is under the Housing Act 2004\n\n- disputes about licences for houses in multiple occupation\n\n- the right to buy your council home being refused because it\u2019s deemed suitable for elderly people\n\n- banned tenant fees you paid to a landlord or letting agent, for example fees for a credit check\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nThere are different ways to apply in Wales, apply in Scotland and apply in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou may want to get help and advice before you apply - contact Leasehold Advisory Service or Citizens Advice.\n\nYou can also get legal advice, including from a lawyer.\n\n## Apply to the tribunal\n\nDownload and fill in the right form for your application.\n\n| Why you\u2019re applying | Form | Guidance |\n\n| Rent | See the form finder | Leaflet T540 |\n\n| Service charges and leasehold management | See the form finder | Leaflet T541 |\n\n| Leasehold enfranchisement | Form \u2018Leasehold 9\u2019 | Leaflet T542 |\n\n| Houses in multiple occupation and selective licensing | Form HMO | Leaflet T543 |\n\n| Improvement notices, prohibition orders, demolition orders | Form HHSRS | Leaflet T543 |\n\n| Park homes | See the form finder | Leaflet T544 |\n\n| Financial penalties appeals under the Housing Act 2004 | Form HO4 | Leaflet T543 |\n\n| Financial penalties appeals under the Tenant Fees Act 2019 | Form TFA2 | Leaflet TFA3 |\n\n| Rent repayment orders | Form RRO1 | Leaflet T543 |\n\n| Recognising a tenants\u2019 association | Form TA | Leaflet T545 |\n\n| Right to buy your council home is refused | Form RTB1 | Leaflet T546 |\n\n| Tenant fees charged by landlord or letting agent | Form TFA1 | Leaflet TFA3 |\n\n| All other cases | See the form finder | |\n\n## Fees\n\nYou may have to pay a fee to apply - the form will say how much. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\n## Send the form\n\nEmail the form to the regional office that covers your area.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll be told whether the tribunal will consider your case. You may need to provide more evidence, for example additional supporting documents.\n\nYou may be told that the case does not need a hearing and can be decided on your application alone (known as a \u2018paper decision\u2019). You can still ask for a hearing (\u2018oral hearing\u2019) if you\u2019d like one.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nWhat happens will depend on whether you\u2019ve asked for a paper decision or an oral hearing.\n\n## Paper decision\n\nThere will not normally be an oral hearing if you ask for a paper decision, unless a judge requests one.\n\nThe paper decision will be based on:\n\n- your application\n\n- supporting documents\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks of the tribunal looking at your documents.\n\n## Oral hearing\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. Find out what to expect if you\u2019re attending a hearing in person. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\nThe hearing is public. You\u2019ll present your case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, for example a legal adviser, surveyor, friend or family member.\n\nYou may be asked questions by:\n\n- your representative (if you have one)\n\n- the other party\u2019s representative\n\n- the tribunal hearing your case\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks of the hearing.\n\n## If you're unhappy with the decision\n\nYou may be able to appeal if you\u2019re unhappy with the decision. Ask the tribunal for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) within 28 days of the hearing\u2019s decision.\n\nContact HM Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS) if you want to complain about the quality of service you received.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nSearch the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Property Chamber) Rules 2013.\n\n## Rent disputes\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on the:\n\n- Rent Act 1977\n\n- Rent Acts (Maximum Fair Rent) Order 1999 - this limits the amount of rent that can be charged\n\n- Local Government and Housing Act 1989 - this covers long leases at low rent\n\n- Housing Act 1988\n\n## Park homes\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on the:\n\n- Caravan Sites and Control of Development Act 1960\n\n- Mobile Homes Act 1983\n\n## Leasehold disputes\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on the:\n\n- Landlord and Tenant Act 1985\n\n- Landlord and Tenant Act 1987\n\n- Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002\n\n## Rent repayment orders\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on part 2, chapter 4 of the Housing and Planning Act 2016.\n\n## \u2018Housing Act 2004\u2019 appeals\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on Housing Act 2004 in certain cases. See:\n\n- part 1, chapter 2 for the law on improvement notices and prohibition orders\n\n- part 1, chapter 4 for the law on demolition orders\n\n- part 1, chapter 3 for the law on emergency remedial notices or emergency prohibition orders\n\n- part 2 for the law on licensing houses in multiple occupation\n\n- part 3 for the law on selective licensing\n\n- part 4, chapter 2 for the law on empty dwelling management orders\n\n## Leasehold enfranchisement\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on the:\n\n- Leasehold Reform, Housing and Urban Development Act 1993\n\n- Leasehold Reform Act 1967\n\n- Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002\n\n- Landlord and Tenant Act 1987", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to the First-Tier Tribunal (Property Chamber - Residential Property) if you\u2019re a landlord, tenant, freeholder, leaseholder, park home occupier or site owner. The cases you can apply for include:

    ", + "
  • rent increases for \u2018fair\u2019 or \u2018market\u2019 rates
    • ", + "
  • leasehold disputes, for example variable service charges, recognising a tenants\u2019 association, management disputes
    • ", + "
  • leasehold enfranchisement, for example buying the freehold for a group of flats, extending a lease
    • ", + "
  • disputes about park homes, for example breach of agreement, changing the pitch fee
    • ", + "
  • financial penalties issued by local authorities
    • ", + "
  • rent repayment orders
    • ", + "
  • improvement notices and prohibition orders where your notice is under the Housing Act 2004
    • ", + "
  • disputes about licences for houses in multiple occupation
    • ", + "
  • the right to buy your council home being refused because it\u2019s deemed suitable for elderly people
    • ", + "
  • banned tenant fees you paid to a landlord or letting agent, for example fees for a credit check
    • ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to apply in Wales, apply in Scotland and apply in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You may want to get help and advice before you apply - contact Leasehold Advisory Service or Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    You can also get legal advice, including from a lawyer.

    ", + "

    Apply to the tribunal

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the right form for your application.

    ", + "Why you\u2019re applying | Form | Guidance", + "Rent | See the form finder | Leaflet T540", + "Service charges and leasehold management | See the form finder | Leaflet T541", + "Leasehold enfranchisement | Form \u2018Leasehold 9\u2019 | Leaflet T542", + "Houses in multiple occupation and selective licensing | Form HMO | Leaflet T543", + "Improvement notices, prohibition orders, demolition orders | Form HHSRS | Leaflet T543", + "Park homes | See the form finder | Leaflet T544", + "Financial penalties appeals under the Housing Act 2004 | Form HO4 | Leaflet T543", + "Financial penalties appeals under the Tenant Fees Act 2019 | Form TFA2 | Leaflet TFA3", + "Rent repayment orders | Form RRO1 | Leaflet T543", + "Recognising a tenants\u2019 association | Form TA | Leaflet T545", + "Right to buy your council home is refused | Form RTB1 | Leaflet T546", + "Tenant fees charged by landlord or letting agent | Form TFA1 | Leaflet TFA3", + "All other cases | See the form finder | ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a fee to apply - the form will say how much. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.

    ", + "

    Send the form

    ", + "

    Email the form to the regional office that covers your area.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told whether the tribunal will consider your case. You may need to provide more evidence, for example additional supporting documents.

    ", + "

    You may be told that the case does not need a hearing and can be decided on your application alone (known as a \u2018paper decision\u2019). You can still ask for a hearing (\u2018oral hearing\u2019) if you\u2019d like one.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    What happens will depend on whether you\u2019ve asked for a paper decision or an oral hearing.

    ", + "

    Paper decision

    ", + "

    There will not normally be an oral hearing if you ask for a paper decision, unless a judge requests one.

    ", + "

    The paper decision will be based on:

    ", + "
  • your application
    • ", + "
  • supporting documents
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks of the tribunal looking at your documents.

    ", + "

    Oral hearing

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. Find out what to expect if you\u2019re attending a hearing in person. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    The hearing is public. You\u2019ll present your case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, for example a legal adviser, surveyor, friend or family member.

    ", + "

    You may be asked questions by:

    ", + "
  • your representative (if you have one)
    • ", + "
  • the other party\u2019s representative
    • ", + "
  • the tribunal hearing your case
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks of the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you're unhappy with the decision

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal if you\u2019re unhappy with the decision. Ask the tribunal for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Lands Chamber) within 28 days of the hearing\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Contact HM Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS) if you want to complain about the quality of service you received.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    Search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Property Chamber) Rules 2013.

    ", + "

    Rent disputes

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the:

    ", + "
  • Rent Act 1977
    • ", + "
  • Rent Acts (Maximum Fair Rent) Order 1999 - this limits the amount of rent that can be charged
    • ", + "
  • Local Government and Housing Act 1989 - this covers long leases at low rent
    • ", + "
  • Housing Act 1988
    • ", + "

    Park homes

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the:

    ", + "
  • Caravan Sites and Control of Development Act 1960
    • ", + "
  • Mobile Homes Act 1983
    • ", + "

    Leasehold disputes

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the:

    ", + "
  • Landlord and Tenant Act 1985
    • ", + "
  • Landlord and Tenant Act 1987
    • ", + "
  • Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002
    • ", + "

    Rent repayment orders

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on part 2, chapter 4 of the Housing and Planning Act 2016.

    ", + "

    \u2018Housing Act 2004\u2019 appeals

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on Housing Act 2004 in certain cases. See:

    ", + "
  • part 1, chapter 2 for the law on improvement notices and prohibition orders
    • ", + "
  • part 1, chapter 4 for the law on demolition orders
    • ", + "
  • part 1, chapter 3 for the law on emergency remedial notices or emergency prohibition orders
    • ", + "
  • part 2 for the law on licensing houses in multiple occupation
    • ", + "
  • part 3 for the law on selective licensing
    • ", + "
  • part 4, chapter 2 for the law on empty dwelling management orders
    • ", + "

    Leasehold enfranchisement

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the:

    ", + "
  • Leasehold Reform, Housing and Urban Development Act 1993
    • ", + "
  • Leasehold Reform Act 1967
    • ", + "
  • Commonhold and Leasehold Reform Act 2002
    • ", + "
  • Landlord and Tenant Act 1987
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/staying-in-touch-with-someone-in-prison": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/staying-in-touch-with-someone-in-prison", + "title": "Staying in touch with someone in prison", + "content": "## Letters, video and telephone calls\n\n## Letters\n\nYou can contact a prisoner by writing to them. Write the person\u2019s prisoner number on the envelope. Normally there\u2019s no limit on the number of letters you can send.\n\nMost letters sent to and from prison are checked by prison staff.\n\nPrisons cannot open letters from solicitors and courts except in special cases, for example if they suspect a letter is not really from a legal adviser.\n\nYou can complain to the prison if you think your letters are being read when they should not be, or if your letters are not reaching the prisoner.\n\n## Video calls\n\nYou can make video calls to people in some prisons using your mobile phone or tablet.\n\nVideo calls are free at the moment. This is because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nCalls can last up to 30 minutes. A prisoner is allowed 1 video call a month.\n\n## Who can call\n\nYou must be over 18 and on the prisoner\u2019s list of friends and family.\n\nYou can invite up to 3 other people (of any age) on the call if they are on the prisoner\u2019s visitor list.\n\n## How to call\n\n- Find out if the prison offers video calls.\n\n- Install an app on your phone or tablet (it can take up to 24 hours for your account on the app to be verified).\n\n- Check if everyone who wants to join the call is on the prisoner\u2019s list of friends and family.\n\n- Request a video call using the app or ask the prisoner to request a call.\n\n- Prison staff will schedule the call and send confirmation by email.\n\nAll video calls are recorded. Prison staff may watch video calls while they are happening.\n\n## Telephone calls\n\nThe prisoner has to call you using a prison phone.\n\nThey can only call people named on their list of friends and family. This list is checked by security when they first arrive so it may take a few days before they\u2019re able to call.\n\nPrison staff can listen to and record most types of call. Some calls are not monitored, for example when a prisoner calls a legal adviser.\n\nYou can also exchange voice messages with a prisoner using the Prison Voicemail service.\n\n## Email and social media\n\nPrisoners are not allowed to access social networking websites (such as Facebook or Twitter) while they\u2019re in custody.\n\nYou cannot email prisoners directly, but you can use a service called Email a Prisoner. If you send a message this way, it\u2019ll be printed out and delivered by prison staff. Each email costs 40p and you need to buy credit to use the service.\n\nIn some prisons, prisoners can also reply and attach a photo through Email a Prisoner. Check which prisons allow replies.\n\n## Banned items\n\nYou must not send or give anything to a prisoner that:\n\n- is indecent or obscene\n\n- threatens the security of the prison\n\n- is written in code\n\nYou must not take anything written by a prisoner that they want to publish and be paid for.\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence to send or give a prisoner:\n\n- illegal drugs\n\n- alcohol\n\n- weapons\n\n- a camera\n\n- a mobile phone\n\nContact the prison if you\u2019re unsure what you can send or give.\n\n## Sending money\n\nYou can send money to someone in prison by making an online payment by Visa, Mastercard and Maestro debit card.\n\nThe money is paid into the prisoner\u2019s account - a basic cash account they can use to send and receive money.\n\nYou can no longer send money by bank transfer, cheque, postal order or send cash by post to any prison. You\u2019ll need to use a debit card instead.\n\n## If you cannot make an online payment\n\nYou may be able to apply for an exemption - for example if you:\n\n- are unable to use a computer, a smart phone or the internet\n\n- do not have a debit card\n\nThis will allow you to send money by post.\n\nYou can also find out how to get a debit card by setting up a basic bank account.\n\n## Visiting someone in prison\n\nYou can normally visit partners and close family members in some prisons. There are restrictions because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nFind out which prisons are open for visits and what you need to do.\n\nYou can only visit a prisoner if they\u2019ve added you to their visitor list. The prison will contact you once you\u2019re on this list.\n\n## Get help with the cost of visiting someone\n\nYou might be able to get help paying for a prison visit, for example travel costs, if you\u2019re receiving certain benefits.\n\n## How often you can visit someone in prison\n\nA convicted prisoner is usually allowed at least two 1-hour visits every 4 weeks.\n\nA prisoner on remand (waiting for their trial) is allowed three 1-hour visits a week.\n\nYou can find out more about the exact rules on visits on the prison information page of the prison you\u2019re visiting.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Letters, video and telephone calls

    ", + "

    Letters

    ", + "

    You can contact a prisoner by writing to them. Write the person\u2019s prisoner number on the envelope. Normally there\u2019s no limit on the number of letters you can send.

    ", + "

    Most letters sent to and from prison are checked by prison staff.

    ", + "

    Prisons cannot open letters from solicitors and courts except in special cases, for example if they suspect a letter is not really from a legal adviser.

    ", + "

    You can complain to the prison if you think your letters are being read when they should not be, or if your letters are not reaching the prisoner.

    ", + "

    Video calls

    ", + "

    You can make video calls to people in some prisons using your mobile phone or tablet.

    ", + "

    Video calls are free at the moment. This is because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Calls can last up to 30 minutes. A prisoner is allowed 1 video call a month.

    ", + "

    Who can call

    ", + "

    You must be over 18 and on the prisoner\u2019s list of friends and family.

    ", + "

    You can invite up to 3 other people (of any age) on the call if they are on the prisoner\u2019s visitor list.

    ", + "

    How to call

    ", + "
  • Find out if the prison offers video calls.
    • ", + "
  • Install an app on your phone or tablet (it can take up to 24 hours for your account on the app to be verified).
    • ", + "
  • Check if everyone who wants to join the call is on the prisoner\u2019s list of friends and family.
    • ", + "
  • Request a video call using the app or ask the prisoner to request a call.
    • ", + "
  • Prison staff will schedule the call and send confirmation by email.
    • ", + "

    All video calls are recorded. Prison staff may watch video calls while they are happening.

    ", + "

    Telephone calls

    ", + "

    The prisoner has to call you using a prison phone.

    ", + "

    They can only call people named on their list of friends and family. This list is checked by security when they first arrive so it may take a few days before they\u2019re able to call.

    ", + "

    Prison staff can listen to and record most types of call. Some calls are not monitored, for example when a prisoner calls a legal adviser.

    ", + "

    You can also exchange voice messages with a prisoner using the Prison Voicemail service.

    ", + "

    Email and social media

    ", + "

    Prisoners are not allowed to access social networking websites (such as Facebook or Twitter) while they\u2019re in custody.

    ", + "

    You cannot email prisoners directly, but you can use a service called Email a Prisoner. If you send a message this way, it\u2019ll be printed out and delivered by prison staff. Each email costs 40p and you need to buy credit to use the service.

    ", + "

    In some prisons, prisoners can also reply and attach a photo through Email a Prisoner. Check which prisons allow replies.

    ", + "

    Banned items

    ", + "

    You must not send or give anything to a prisoner that:

    ", + "
  • is indecent or obscene
    • ", + "
  • threatens the security of the prison
    • ", + "
  • is written in code
    • ", + "

    You must not take anything written by a prisoner that they want to publish and be paid for.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s a criminal offence to send or give a prisoner:

    ", + "
  • illegal drugs
    • ", + "
  • alcohol
    • ", + "
  • weapons
    • ", + "
  • a camera
    • ", + "
  • a mobile phone
    • ", + "

    Contact the prison if you\u2019re unsure what you can send or give.

    ", + "

    Sending money

    ", + "

    You can send money to someone in prison by making an online payment by Visa, Mastercard and Maestro debit card.

    ", + "

    The money is paid into the prisoner\u2019s account - a basic cash account they can use to send and receive money.

    ", + "

    You can no longer send money by bank transfer, cheque, postal order or send cash by post to any prison. You\u2019ll need to use a debit card instead.

    ", + "

    If you cannot make an online payment

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for an exemption - for example if you:

    ", + "
  • are unable to use a computer, a smart phone or the internet
    • ", + "
  • do not have a debit card
    • ", + "

    This will allow you to send money by post.

    ", + "

    You can also find out how to get a debit card by setting up a basic bank account.

    ", + "

    Visiting someone in prison

    ", + "

    You can normally visit partners and close family members in some prisons. There are restrictions because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Find out which prisons are open for visits and what you need to do.

    ", + "

    You can only visit a prisoner if they\u2019ve added you to their visitor list. The prison will contact you once you\u2019re on this list.

    ", + "

    Get help with the cost of visiting someone

    ", + "

    You might be able to get help paying for a prison visit, for example travel costs, if you\u2019re receiving certain benefits.

    ", + "

    How often you can visit someone in prison

    ", + "

    A convicted prisoner is usually allowed at least two 1-hour visits every 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    A prisoner on remand (waiting for their trial) is allowed three 1-hour visits a week.

    ", + "

    You can find out more about the exact rules on visits on the prison information page of the prison you\u2019re visiting.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/types-of-prison-sentence": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/types-of-prison-sentence", + "title": "Types of prison sentences", + "content": "## Concurrent and consecutive sentences\n\nIf someone\u2019s convicted of committing more than one crime, they\u2019re usually given a sentence for each crime.\n\nConcurrent sentences are served at the same time.\n\nConsecutive sentences are served one after the other, for example a 6 month sentence followed by a 3 month sentence.\n\nThe judge (or magistrate) tells the person what type of sentence they get and how it must be served.\n\n## Suspended prison sentences\n\nA \u2018suspended\u2019 prison sentence is carried out in the community.\n\nThe person has to meet certain conditions, for example:\n\n- having to stay away from a certain place or person\n\n- doing unpaid work - called \u2018Community Payback\u2019\n\nIf the person breaks the conditions of their sentence they can be sent to prison.\n\n## Determinate prison sentences - fixed length of time\n\nA \u2018determinate\u2019 prison sentence is for a fixed length of time.\n\n## If the sentence is for 12 months or more\n\nFor prison sentences of 12 months or more the person spends the first half of the sentence in prison and the second half in the community \u2018on licence\u2019.\n\nIf they break any licence conditions, for example they commit another crime, they could go back to prison.\n\n## If the sentence is under 12 months\n\nFor prison sentences under 12 months, the person\u2019s normally released automatically halfway through.\n\n## Indeterminate prison sentences - no fixed length of time\n\nAn \u2018indeterminate\u2019 prison sentence does not have a fixed length of time.\n\nThis means:\n\n- no date is set when the person will be released\n\n- they have to spend a minimum amount of time in prison (called a \u2018tariff\u2019) before they\u2019re considered for release\n\nThe Parole Board is responsible for deciding if someone can be released from prison.\n\nIndeterminate sentences are given if a court thinks an offender is a danger to the public.\n\n## Life sentences\n\nIf a person\u2019s found guilty of murder, a court must give them a life sentence.\n\nA court may choose to give a life sentence for serious offences like:\n\n- rape\n\n- armed robbery\n\nA life sentence lasts for the rest of a person\u2019s life \u2013 if they\u2019re released from prison and commit another crime they can be sent back to prison at any time.\n\n## Whole life term\n\nA whole life term means there\u2019s no minimum term set by the judge, and the person\u2019s never considered for release.\n\n## Sentences for young people\n\nPeople under 18 get different sentences to adults.\n\n## Detention and Training Order\n\nA Detention and Training Order can be given to someone aged between 12 and 17.\n\nThey last between 4 months and 2 years.\n\nThe first half of a Detention and Training Order is served in custody, the second half is served in the community.\n\n## Violent or sexual crimes\n\nFor severe crimes - usually violent or sexual - young people can get an \u2018extended sentence\u2019. They could spend a long time in custody, and when released they\u2019ll be put under supervision for a long time (for example being tagged).\n\n## Murder\n\nFor murder, the court sets the minimum amount of time to be spent in custody. The young person can\u2019t apply for parole before this time.\n\nWhen released, the young person will be kept under supervision for the rest of their life.\n\n## Other serious crimes\n\nSometimes the sentence for a young person can last as long as the sentence for an adult for the same offence (but not longer). This includes life sentences.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Concurrent and consecutive sentences

    ", + "

    If someone\u2019s convicted of committing more than one crime, they\u2019re usually given a sentence for each crime.

    ", + "

    Concurrent sentences are served at the same time.

    ", + "

    Consecutive sentences are served one after the other, for example a 6 month sentence followed by a 3 month sentence.

    ", + "

    The judge (or magistrate) tells the person what type of sentence they get and how it must be served.

    ", + "

    Suspended prison sentences

    ", + "

    A \u2018suspended\u2019 prison sentence is carried out in the community.

    ", + "

    The person has to meet certain conditions, for example:

    ", + "
  • having to stay away from a certain place or person
    • ", + "
  • doing unpaid work - called \u2018Community Payback\u2019
    • ", + "

    If the person breaks the conditions of their sentence they can be sent to prison.

    ", + "

    Determinate prison sentences - fixed length of time

    ", + "

    A \u2018determinate\u2019 prison sentence is for a fixed length of time.

    ", + "

    If the sentence is for 12 months or more

    ", + "

    For prison sentences of 12 months or more the person spends the first half of the sentence in prison and the second half in the community \u2018on licence\u2019.

    ", + "

    If they break any licence conditions, for example they commit another crime, they could go back to prison.

    ", + "

    If the sentence is under 12 months

    ", + "

    For prison sentences under 12 months, the person\u2019s normally released automatically halfway through.

    ", + "

    Indeterminate prison sentences - no fixed length of time

    ", + "

    An \u2018indeterminate\u2019 prison sentence does not have a fixed length of time.

    ", + "

    This means:

    ", + "
  • no date is set when the person will be released
    • ", + "
  • they have to spend a minimum amount of time in prison (called a \u2018tariff\u2019) before they\u2019re considered for release
    • ", + "

    The Parole Board is responsible for deciding if someone can be released from prison.

    ", + "

    Indeterminate sentences are given if a court thinks an offender is a danger to the public.

    ", + "

    Life sentences

    ", + "

    If a person\u2019s found guilty of murder, a court must give them a life sentence.

    ", + "

    A court may choose to give a life sentence for serious offences like:

    ", + "
  • rape
    • ", + "
  • armed robbery
    • ", + "

    A life sentence lasts for the rest of a person\u2019s life \u2013 if they\u2019re released from prison and commit another crime they can be sent back to prison at any time.

    ", + "

    Whole life term

    ", + "

    A whole life term means there\u2019s no minimum term set by the judge, and the person\u2019s never considered for release.

    ", + "

    Sentences for young people

    ", + "

    People under 18 get different sentences to adults.

    ", + "

    Detention and Training Order

    ", + "

    A Detention and Training Order can be given to someone aged between 12 and 17.

    ", + "

    They last between 4 months and 2 years.

    ", + "

    The first half of a Detention and Training Order is served in custody, the second half is served in the community.

    ", + "

    Violent or sexual crimes

    ", + "

    For severe crimes - usually violent or sexual - young people can get an \u2018extended sentence\u2019. They could spend a long time in custody, and when released they\u2019ll be put under supervision for a long time (for example being tagged).

    ", + "

    Murder

    ", + "

    For murder, the court sets the minimum amount of time to be spent in custody. The young person can\u2019t apply for parole before this time.

    ", + "

    When released, the young person will be kept under supervision for the rest of their life.

    ", + "

    Other serious crimes

    ", + "

    Sometimes the sentence for a young person can last as long as the sentence for an adult for the same offence (but not longer). This includes life sentences.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/life-in-prison": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/life-in-prison", + "title": "Prison life", + "content": "## Arriving at prison\n\nWhen someone arrives at prison they have at least one interview and assessment with a qualified professional so they:\n\n- know what their rights are\n\n- get help with their physical and mental health, for example with sexual health or drug and alcohol problems\n\n- are told what courses they can do in prison\n\n- understand prison rules and procedures\n\nThe prisoner gets a prisoner number and their property is recorded and put somewhere safe until they\u2019re released.\n\n## Security categories\n\nPrisoners are given a security category based on:\n\n- how likely they are to try to escape\n\n- their risk of causing harm to other prisoners and prison staff\n\nA prisoner may be transferred to another prison with a different security category at any time.\n\n## Prisoner privileges and rights\n\nPrisoners who follow rules can earn privileges. This is called the \u2018Incentives and Earned Privileges Scheme\u2019. A prisoner may be able to:\n\n- get more visits from family or friends\n\n- be allowed to spend more money each week\n\nPrivileges are different in each prison - staff can explain to the prisoner how the scheme works.\n\n## Rights\n\nPrisoners have rights, including:\n\n- protection from bullying and racial harassment\n\n- being able to get in contact with a solicitor\n\n- healthcare - including support for a mental health condition\n\nAll prisoners should be able to spend between 30 minutes and an hour outside in the open air each day.\n\n## Punishments\n\nA prisoner who breaks prison rules is normally punished. They can be:\n\n- kept in their cell for up to\u00a021 days\n\n- given up to 42 extra days in prison on top of their original sentence\n\nThe prison can take away privileges, for example removing a TV from a cell.\n\n## Healthcare in prison\n\nPrisoners get the same healthcare and treatment as anyone outside of prison.\n\nTreatment is free but has to be approved by a prison doctor or member of the healthcare team.\n\nPrisons do not have hospitals, but many have in-patient beds.\n\nMost problems are dealt with by the healthcare team. If they cannot, the prison may:\n\n- get an expert to visit the prison\n\n- arrange for treatment in an outside hospital\n\nThe healthcare team can ask the prisoner\u2019s family doctor for their records, but only if the prisoner agrees to it.\n\n## Special help and support\n\nPrisoners can get specialist support, for example if they:\n\n- have drug or alcohol problems\n\n- have HIV or AIDS\n\n- are disabled or have a learning difficulty\n\n## Refusing medical treatment\n\nA prisoner can refuse treatment. However, the healthcare team may choose to give treatment if the prisoner is not capable of making decisions themselves (for example they have a mental health condition).\n\nWherever possible, the healthcare team will discuss this with the prisoner\u2019s family first.\n\n## Vulnerable prisoners\n\nStaff are trained to spot prisoners at risk of bullying, suicide or self-harm. The prisoner may get their own case manager who will make sure they:\n\n- are asked about their mental health, for example if they\u2019re feeling depressed\n\n- get regular support from a health specialist\n\nMost prisons also have \u2018listener schemes\u2019 that offer emotional support in confidence - normally from fellow prisoners.\n\n## Psychiatric hospitals\n\nA prisoner can be moved to a secure psychiatric hospital for their own safety. This only happens if they meet certain conditions under the Mental Health Act.\n\nOnce the prisoner gets better, they return to prison.\n\n## If you\u2019re worried about a prisoner\n\nIf you\u2019re worried about a prisoner:\n\n- tell a member of prison staff when you visit\n\n- contact the prison\u2019s \u2018Safer Custody Team\u2019\n\nSome prisons run confidential Safer Custody hotlines where you can leave a message explaining your concerns. Find a prison and check the contact section for details.\n\n## Pregnancy and childcare in prison\n\nWomen who give birth in prison can keep their baby for the first 18 months in a mother and baby unit.\n\nA prisoner with a child under 18 months old can apply to bring their child to prison with them.\n\nSocial Services arrange for children over 18 months to be cared for (for example by the prisoner\u2019s parents, or fostering).\n\n## Applying for a place in a mother and baby unit\n\n- The prisoner can apply for a space in a mother and baby unit when they enter prison.\n\n- An admissions board will decide if it\u2019s the best thing for the child.\n\n- If there are no places in the prison the mother first goes to, they may be offered a place in another unit.\n\n- If there are no spaces in any unit, arrangements must be made for the child to be cared for outside prison.\n\n- If the mother is refused a place they can appeal - the prison will explain how.\n\n- Separation plans are made when the mother enters prison if the child will reach 18 months before her sentence is over.\n\nFor prisoners with sentences of 18 months or over, arrangements are normally made for the child to be cared for outside prison.\n\n## Prisons with mother and baby units\n\nThe following prisons have mother and baby units:\n\n- Bronzefield\n\n- Eastwood Park\n\n- Styal\n\n- New Hall\n\n- Peterborough\n\n- Askham Grange\n\n## Education and work in prison\n\nCourses are normally available to help prisoners get new skills, for example learning to read and write, use computers and do basic maths. Most prisoners get an Individual Learning Plan listing courses and training.\n\n## Qualifications and skills\n\nMost courses lead to qualifications that are recognised by employers outside prison, for example GCSEs or NVQs. Prisoners may be able to do a distance learning course, for example Open University.\n\nA prisoner can learn skills, for example woodwork, engineering or gardening.\n\n## Working in prison\n\nMany prisoners get the chance to work while carrying out their sentence, for example making clothes and furniture or electrical engineering.\n\nThis is done in prison workshops and is normally paid work.\n\nPrisoners can also work around the prison itself, for example in kitchens and laundries.\n\nA \u2018low-risk\u2019 prisoner may be allowed to work in the community.\n\nYou can find out what education and work\nopportunities each prison offers.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Arriving at prison

    ", + "

    When someone arrives at prison they have at least one interview and assessment with a qualified professional so they:

    ", + "
  • know what their rights are
    • ", + "
  • get help with their physical and mental health, for example with sexual health or drug and alcohol problems
    • ", + "
  • are told what courses they can do in prison
    • ", + "
  • understand prison rules and procedures
    • ", + "

    The prisoner gets a prisoner number and their property is recorded and put somewhere safe until they\u2019re released.

    ", + "

    Security categories

    ", + "

    Prisoners are given a security category based on:

    ", + "
  • how likely they are to try to escape
    • ", + "
  • their risk of causing harm to other prisoners and prison staff
    • ", + "

    A prisoner may be transferred to another prison with a different security category at any time.

    ", + "

    Prisoner privileges and rights

    ", + "

    Prisoners who follow rules can earn privileges. This is called the \u2018Incentives and Earned Privileges Scheme\u2019. A prisoner may be able to:

    ", + "
  • get more visits from family or friends
    • ", + "
  • be allowed to spend more money each week
    • ", + "

    Privileges are different in each prison - staff can explain to the prisoner how the scheme works.

    ", + "

    Rights

    ", + "

    Prisoners have rights, including:

    ", + "
  • protection from bullying and racial harassment
    • ", + "
  • being able to get in contact with a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • healthcare - including support for a mental health condition
    • ", + "

    All prisoners should be able to spend between 30 minutes and an hour outside in the open air each day.

    ", + "

    Punishments

    ", + "

    A prisoner who breaks prison rules is normally punished. They can be:

    ", + "
  • kept in their cell for up to\u00a021 days
    • ", + "
  • given up to 42 extra days in prison on top of their original sentence
    • ", + "

    The prison can take away privileges, for example removing a TV from a cell.

    ", + "

    Healthcare in prison

    ", + "

    Prisoners get the same healthcare and treatment as anyone outside of prison.

    ", + "

    Treatment is free but has to be approved by a prison doctor or member of the healthcare team.

    ", + "

    Prisons do not have hospitals, but many have in-patient beds.

    ", + "

    Most problems are dealt with by the healthcare team. If they cannot, the prison may:

    ", + "
  • get an expert to visit the prison
    • ", + "
  • arrange for treatment in an outside hospital
    • ", + "

    The healthcare team can ask the prisoner\u2019s family doctor for their records, but only if the prisoner agrees to it.

    ", + "

    Special help and support

    ", + "

    Prisoners can get specialist support, for example if they:

    ", + "
  • have drug or alcohol problems
    • ", + "
  • have HIV or AIDS
    • ", + "
  • are disabled or have a learning difficulty
    • ", + "

    Refusing medical treatment

    ", + "

    A prisoner can refuse treatment. However, the healthcare team may choose to give treatment if the prisoner is not capable of making decisions themselves (for example they have a mental health condition).

    ", + "

    Wherever possible, the healthcare team will discuss this with the prisoner\u2019s family first.

    ", + "

    Vulnerable prisoners

    ", + "

    Staff are trained to spot prisoners at risk of bullying, suicide or self-harm. The prisoner may get their own case manager who will make sure they:

    ", + "
  • are asked about their mental health, for example if they\u2019re feeling depressed
    • ", + "
  • get regular support from a health specialist
    • ", + "

    Most prisons also have \u2018listener schemes\u2019 that offer emotional support in confidence - normally from fellow prisoners.

    ", + "

    Psychiatric hospitals

    ", + "

    A prisoner can be moved to a secure psychiatric hospital for their own safety. This only happens if they meet certain conditions under the Mental Health Act.

    ", + "

    Once the prisoner gets better, they return to prison.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about a prisoner

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about a prisoner:

    ", + "
  • tell a member of prison staff when you visit
    • ", + "
  • contact the prison\u2019s \u2018Safer Custody Team\u2019
    • ", + "

    Some prisons run confidential Safer Custody hotlines where you can leave a message explaining your concerns. Find a prison and check the contact section for details.

    ", + "

    Pregnancy and childcare in prison

    ", + "

    Women who give birth in prison can keep their baby for the first 18 months in a mother and baby unit.

    ", + "

    A prisoner with a child under 18 months old can apply to bring their child to prison with them.

    ", + "

    Social Services arrange for children over 18 months to be cared for (for example by the prisoner\u2019s parents, or fostering).

    ", + "

    Applying for a place in a mother and baby unit

    ", + "
  • The prisoner can apply for a space in a mother and baby unit when they enter prison.
    • ", + "
  • An admissions board will decide if it\u2019s the best thing for the child.
    • ", + "
  • If there are no places in the prison the mother first goes to, they may be offered a place in another unit.
    • ", + "
  • If there are no spaces in any unit, arrangements must be made for the child to be cared for outside prison.
    • ", + "
  • If the mother is refused a place they can appeal - the prison will explain how.
    • ", + "
  • Separation plans are made when the mother enters prison if the child will reach 18 months before her sentence is over.
    • ", + "

    For prisoners with sentences of 18 months or over, arrangements are normally made for the child to be cared for outside prison.

    ", + "

    Prisons with mother and baby units

    ", + "

    The following prisons have mother and baby units:

    ", + "
  • Bronzefield
    • ", + "
  • Eastwood Park
    • ", + "
  • Styal
    • ", + "
  • New Hall
    • ", + "
  • Peterborough
    • ", + "
  • Askham Grange
    • ", + "

    Education and work in prison

    ", + "

    Courses are normally available to help prisoners get new skills, for example learning to read and write, use computers and do basic maths. Most prisoners get an Individual Learning Plan listing courses and training.

    ", + "

    Qualifications and skills

    ", + "

    Most courses lead to qualifications that are recognised by employers outside prison, for example GCSEs or NVQs. Prisoners may be able to do a distance learning course, for example Open University.

    ", + "

    A prisoner can learn skills, for example woodwork, engineering or gardening.

    ", + "

    Working in prison

    ", + "

    Many prisoners get the chance to work while carrying out their sentence, for example making clothes and furniture or electrical engineering.

    ", + "

    This is done in prison workshops and is normally paid work.

    ", + "

    Prisoners can also work around the prison itself, for example in kitchens and laundries.

    ", + "

    A \u2018low-risk\u2019 prisoner may be allowed to work in the community.

    ", + "

    You can find out what education and work\nopportunities each prison offers.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/leaving-prison": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leaving-prison", + "title": "Leaving prison", + "content": "## When someone can leave prison\n\nWhen a prisoner is released depends on:\n\n- the length of their sentence\n\n- their behaviour in prison\n\n- any time spent on remand (waiting for their trial)\n\n## If the prisoner has a fixed term (determinate) sentence\n\nA prisoner serving a determinate sentence is normally released automatically halfway through their sentence.\n\nIf their sentence is 12 months or more, they\u2019ll be released on probation.\n\nA Parole Board is not involved.\n\n## When a Parole Board reviews a case\n\nPrisoners can apply for parole if they have an extended sentence, or a fixed-term sentence for:\n\n- 4 years or more\n\n- a serious violent or sexual crime committed before 4 April 2005\n\n## If the prisoner has a non fixed term (indeterminate) or life sentence\n\nThe government will apply for parole on the prisoner\u2019s behalf.\n\n## Temporary release from prison\n\nA prisoner may be allowed to leave prison for short periods towards the end of their sentence - whatever its type or length.\n\nHowever, the prison will not release someone if it thinks they\u2019re a risk to the public or may commit more crime.\n\n## Resettlement day release\n\nA resettlement day release lets a prisoner out during the day - for example to go on a training course to help them find work once they\u2019re released.\n\n## Resettlement overnight release\n\nA resettlement overnight release lets a prisoner spend the night at the place they\u2019ll live at after they\u2019re released.\n\n## Childcare resettlement licence\n\nA childcare resettlement licence lets a prisoner spend time with their child. They can only apply for this if they\u2019ll be the sole carer of a child when they finish their prison sentence.\n\n## Before someone leaves prison\n\nAll prisoners get help preparing for life when they leave prison. In the last 12 weeks of their sentence, they\u2019re given advice and support on:\n\n- finding somewhere to live\n\n- getting a job\n\n- looking after money\n\nPrisoners get additional support if they:\n\n- have abused substances (such as drugs or alcohol)\n\n- are sex workers\n\n- are the victim of domestic violence\n\nMost prisoners spend the last few months of their sentence in a prison near where they plan to live.\n\n## Support when someone leaves prison\n\nA person leaving prison may get the following financial support:\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- help from your local council\n\n- Scottish Welfare Fund in Scotland\n\n- Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales\n\nPrisons may also work with organisations in their local area, such as charities, to help prisoners prepare for their release. You can find out about these organisations in the prison information pages.\n\n## Useful websites\n\nThere are organisations that can provide support for people leaving prison, including:\n\n- Nacro (previously National Association for the Care and Resettlement of Offenders)\n\n- Prison Reform Trust\n\n- The Hardman Directory\n\n- Shelter\n\n- Unlock", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When someone can leave prison

    ", + "

    When a prisoner is released depends on:

    ", + "
  • the length of their sentence
    • ", + "
  • their behaviour in prison
    • ", + "
  • any time spent on remand (waiting for their trial)
    • ", + "

    If the prisoner has a fixed term (determinate) sentence

    ", + "

    A prisoner serving a determinate sentence is normally released automatically halfway through their sentence.

    ", + "

    If their sentence is 12 months or more, they\u2019ll be released on probation.

    ", + "

    A Parole Board is not involved.

    ", + "

    When a Parole Board reviews a case

    ", + "

    Prisoners can apply for parole if they have an extended sentence, or a fixed-term sentence for:

    ", + "
  • 4 years or more
    • ", + "
  • a serious violent or sexual crime committed before 4 April 2005
    • ", + "

    If the prisoner has a non fixed term (indeterminate) or life sentence

    ", + "

    The government will apply for parole on the prisoner\u2019s behalf.

    ", + "

    Temporary release from prison

    ", + "

    A prisoner may be allowed to leave prison for short periods towards the end of their sentence - whatever its type or length.

    ", + "

    However, the prison will not release someone if it thinks they\u2019re a risk to the public or may commit more crime.

    ", + "

    Resettlement day release

    ", + "

    A resettlement day release lets a prisoner out during the day - for example to go on a training course to help them find work once they\u2019re released.

    ", + "

    Resettlement overnight release

    ", + "

    A resettlement overnight release lets a prisoner spend the night at the place they\u2019ll live at after they\u2019re released.

    ", + "

    Childcare resettlement licence

    ", + "

    A childcare resettlement licence lets a prisoner spend time with their child. They can only apply for this if they\u2019ll be the sole carer of a child when they finish their prison sentence.

    ", + "

    Before someone leaves prison

    ", + "

    All prisoners get help preparing for life when they leave prison. In the last 12 weeks of their sentence, they\u2019re given advice and support on:

    ", + "
  • finding somewhere to live
    • ", + "
  • getting a job
    • ", + "
  • looking after money
    • ", + "

    Prisoners get additional support if they:

    ", + "
  • have abused substances (such as drugs or alcohol)
    • ", + "
  • are sex workers
    • ", + "
  • are the victim of domestic violence
    • ", + "

    Most prisoners spend the last few months of their sentence in a prison near where they plan to live.

    ", + "

    Support when someone leaves prison

    ", + "

    A person leaving prison may get the following financial support:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • help from your local council
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Welfare Fund in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales
    • ", + "

    Prisons may also work with organisations in their local area, such as charities, to help prisoners prepare for their release. You can find out about these organisations in the prison information pages.

    ", + "

    Useful websites

    ", + "

    There are organisations that can provide support for people leaving prison, including:

    ", + "
  • Nacro (previously National Association for the Care and Resettlement of Offenders)
    • ", + "
  • Prison Reform Trust
    • ", + "
  • The Hardman Directory
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • ", + "
  • Unlock
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/getting-parole": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-parole", + "title": "Getting parole", + "content": "## Overview\n\nGetting parole means you can leave prison or be released from custody before the end of your sentence. You\u2019ll be kept under supervision, known as being \u2018on licence\u2019 or probation.\n\nYou may be released or transferred to an open prison (\u2018open conditions\u2019).\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland, Northern Ireland or if you\u2019re a young offender.\n\nThe government will apply for parole on your behalf - you do not have to do anything.\n\n## When you\u2019re eligible for parole\n\nWhen you\u2019re eligible for parole depends on what type of sentence you have.\n\n## Life or indeterminate sentence\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted either:\n\n- 3 years before your earliest release date (\u2018tariff\u2019) runs out if you\u2019re serving a sentence of 4 years or more\n\n- at least 6 months before your tariff runs out if you\u2019re serving a shorter sentence\n\n## Extended or fixed-term sentences\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted up to 6 months before your earliest release date if you have either:\n\n- an extended sentence\n\n- a fixed-term sentence of 4 years or more, given before 3 December 2012 for a serious violent or sexual crime committed before 4 April 2005\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible for parole if your sentence is less than 4 years.\n\n## What happens next\n\n- You\u2019ll get an application form to fill in. Ask a friend for help if you need to. You can also use a legal advisor.\n\n- The prison will put together some documents. They\u2019ll include what you\u2019ve done in prison and what you plan to do on release.\n\n- Check that the documents are correct. You can add evidence (\u2018representations\u2019) showing why you should be released.\n\n- The Parole Board will decide either that you cannot be released or that your case needs a hearing. You may have to represent yourself if you cannot get legal aid or do not have a solicitor.\n\nIt usually takes 6 months to get a decision about your case.\n\nYour case will be reviewed again within 2 years if you do not get parole.\n\n## Challenge the Parole Board\u2019s decision\n\nYou may be able to challenge the Parole Board\u2019s decision.\n\n## Parole Board hearing\n\nYou may have to go to a hearing before the Parole Board can make a decision.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a hearing if:\n\n- the Parole Board thinks there\u2019s a realistic prospect of you being released or moved to open conditions\n\n- they need more evidence from you because the file did not give them what they needed\n\n- for any other reason, the Board thinks it would be fair to give you an oral hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be told when and how the hearing will be held.\n\n## Hearings and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, most hearings are now taking place remotely - either by phone or video.\n\nIf the Parole Board decides your case needs a face to face hearing, it will work with the prison to make arrangements for a safe hearing to take place.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nUp to 3 members of a panel will decide whether to release you based on a file of documents the prison puts together. This includes:\n\n- your behaviour in prison\n\n- what you plan to do once released\n\n- whether you\u2019re likely to commit more crime or are a danger to the public\n\n- why you\u2019re in prison\n\n- previous offences\n\n- what the judge said when you were sentenced\n\n- the victim statement - this may be read at the hearing\n\n- medical, psychiatric and psychological evidence\n\n## Who\u2019ll be at the hearing\n\nYou must usually attend the Parole Board hearing.\n\nThere will be other people at the hearing, for example:\n\n- your solicitor (you may need to represent yourself at the hearing if you cannot get legal aid or do not have a solicitor)\n\n- a prison psychologist\n\n- the victim (when they\u2019re reading their victim statement)\n\n- the victim liaison officer\n\n- witnesses\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Parole Board will write to you with their decision. The hearing and full decision will be kept private.\n\nYou may be able to challenge the decision.\n\n## Represent yourself at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll have to represent yourself at the Parole Board hearing if you do not use a solicitor.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help pay for a solicitor.\n\nRead more detailed information about representing yourself at a hearing.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nAsk the Offender Management Unit in your prison to give you the name and number of the case manager handling your case.\n\nYou can also get help from:\n\n- Prisoners Advice Service\n\n- Howard League\n\n- Prison Reform Trust\n\n- your prisoner offender supervisor, offender manager or case administrator\n\n- a solicitor\n\nYou can also contact the Parole Board for help and advice.\n\nYour family and friends can also get support.\n\n## Challenge a decision\n\nYou can challenge a Parole Board decision that was made on or after 22 July 2019. You cannot challenge a decision made before 22 July 2019, but you can apply for judicial review.\n\nYou can challenge a Parole Board decision if you think:\n\n- your parole was not reviewed correctly, for example important information was not given to the Parole Board\n\n- the decision was unreasonable\n\nThe Parole Board will decide if the decision needs to be reconsidered, and if there needs to be a new hearing.\n\nAsk your lawyer if you can get criminal legal aid to help pay for the costs of challenging a decision.\n\nIf the Parole Board refuses to reconsider the decision you can apply for judicial review.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Getting parole means you can leave prison or be released from custody before the end of your sentence. You\u2019ll be kept under supervision, known as being \u2018on licence\u2019 or probation.

    ", + "

    You may be released or transferred to an open prison (\u2018open conditions\u2019).

    ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland, Northern Ireland or if you\u2019re a young offender.

    ", + "

    The government will apply for parole on your behalf - you do not have to do anything.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re eligible for parole

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re eligible for parole depends on what type of sentence you have.

    ", + "

    Life or indeterminate sentence

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted either:

    ", + "
  • 3 years before your earliest release date (\u2018tariff\u2019) runs out if you\u2019re serving a sentence of 4 years or more
    • ", + "
  • at least 6 months before your tariff runs out if you\u2019re serving a shorter sentence
    • ", + "

    Extended or fixed-term sentences

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted up to 6 months before your earliest release date if you have either:

    ", + "
  • an extended sentence
    • ", + "
  • a fixed-term sentence of 4 years or more, given before 3 December 2012 for a serious violent or sexual crime committed before 4 April 2005
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible for parole if your sentence is less than 4 years.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get an application form to fill in. Ask a friend for help if you need to. You can also use a legal advisor.
    • ", + "
  • The prison will put together some documents. They\u2019ll include what you\u2019ve done in prison and what you plan to do on release.
    • ", + "
  • Check that the documents are correct. You can add evidence (\u2018representations\u2019) showing why you should be released.
    • ", + "
  • The Parole Board will decide either that you cannot be released or that your case needs a hearing. You may have to represent yourself if you cannot get legal aid or do not have a solicitor.
    • ", + "

    It usually takes 6 months to get a decision about your case.

    ", + "

    Your case will be reviewed again within 2 years if you do not get parole.

    ", + "

    Challenge the Parole Board\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    You may be able to challenge the Parole Board\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Parole Board hearing

    ", + "

    You may have to go to a hearing before the Parole Board can make a decision.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a hearing if:

    ", + "
  • the Parole Board thinks there\u2019s a realistic prospect of you being released or moved to open conditions
    • ", + "
  • they need more evidence from you because the file did not give them what they needed
    • ", + "
  • for any other reason, the Board thinks it would be fair to give you an oral hearing
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told when and how the hearing will be held.

    ", + "

    Hearings and coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, most hearings are now taking place remotely - either by phone or video.

    ", + "

    If the Parole Board decides your case needs a face to face hearing, it will work with the prison to make arrangements for a safe hearing to take place.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    Up to 3 members of a panel will decide whether to release you based on a file of documents the prison puts together. This includes:

    ", + "
  • your behaviour in prison
    • ", + "
  • what you plan to do once released
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re likely to commit more crime or are a danger to the public
    • ", + "
  • why you\u2019re in prison
    • ", + "
  • previous offences
    • ", + "
  • what the judge said when you were sentenced
    • ", + "
  • the victim statement - this may be read at the hearing
    • ", + "
  • medical, psychiatric and psychological evidence
    • ", + "

    Who\u2019ll be at the hearing

    ", + "

    You must usually attend the Parole Board hearing.

    ", + "

    There will be other people at the hearing, for example:

    ", + "
  • your solicitor (you may need to represent yourself at the hearing if you cannot get legal aid or do not have a solicitor)
    • ", + "
  • a prison psychologist
    • ", + "
  • the victim (when they\u2019re reading their victim statement)
    • ", + "
  • the victim liaison officer
    • ", + "
  • witnesses
    • ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The Parole Board will write to you with their decision. The hearing and full decision will be kept private.

    ", + "

    You may be able to challenge the decision.

    ", + "

    Represent yourself at the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to represent yourself at the Parole Board hearing if you do not use a solicitor.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid to help pay for a solicitor.

    ", + "

    Read more detailed information about representing yourself at a hearing.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Ask the Offender Management Unit in your prison to give you the name and number of the case manager handling your case.

    ", + "

    You can also get help from:

    ", + "
  • Prisoners Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • Howard League
    • ", + "
  • Prison Reform Trust
    • ", + "
  • your prisoner offender supervisor, offender manager or case administrator
    • ", + "
  • a solicitor
    • ", + "

    You can also contact the Parole Board for help and advice.

    ", + "

    Your family and friends can also get support.

    ", + "

    Challenge a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a Parole Board decision that was made on or after 22 July 2019. You cannot challenge a decision made before 22 July 2019, but you can apply for judicial review.

    ", + "

    You can challenge a Parole Board decision if you think:

    ", + "
  • your parole was not reviewed correctly, for example important information was not given to the Parole Board
    • ", + "
  • the decision was unreasonable
    • ", + "

    The Parole Board will decide if the decision needs to be reconsidered, and if there needs to be a new hearing.

    ", + "

    Ask your lawyer if you can get criminal legal aid to help pay for the costs of challenging a decision.

    ", + "

    If the Parole Board refuses to reconsider the decision you can apply for judicial review.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/guide-to-probation": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/guide-to-probation", + "title": "Probation", + "content": "## Overview\n\nProbation means you\u2019re serving your sentence but you\u2019re not in prison.\n\nYou could be put on probation because:\n\n- you\u2019re serving a community sentence\n\n- you have been released from prison on licence or on parole\n\nWhile on probation, you may have to:\n\n- do unpaid work\n\n- complete an education or training course\n\n- get treatment for addictions, like drugs or alcohol\n\n- have regular meetings with an \u2018offender manager\u2019\n\n## Meetings with your offender manager\n\nWhen you\u2019re on probation you may have meetings with your offender manager. This will usually happen at your local probation office.\n\nAt your first meeting your offender manager will explain:\n\n- the rules of your probation\n\n- the dates, times and places of future meetings\n\n- any appointments you must go to, for example training courses or treatment\n\n- what happens if you do not do what you are asked\n\nYour offender manager will ask you to read and agree to a \u2018sentence plan\u2019. This will tell you the rules you have to stick to during your probation and what your responsibilities are.\n\n## What you must tell your offender manager\n\nYou must tell your offender manager if:\n\n- you plan to change your name or address\n\n- you will not be able to make any meetings you have arranged with them\n\n- you\u2019re having problems sticking to the rules of your probation\n\nIf you miss a scheduled meeting with your offender manager, you should get in touch and tell them why. You may need to provide proof, like a letter from a doctor or your employer.\n\nYou are allowed to miss meetings or appointments to attend religious or other important events if you give your offender manager advance notice.\n\n## If you break the rules of your probation\n\nYou could go back to court if you break any rules of your probation. For example, if you:\n\n- do something your sentence bans you from doing\n\n- commit another crime\n\n- miss meetings and appointments without a good reason\n\n- behave in an aggressive, racist or other unacceptable way at a meeting or appointment\n\nYou can also be taken back to prison if you break the conditions of your licence or parole.\n\n## Being taken back to prison\n\nYou can be taken straight back to prison if you have been released on licence or parole and you break the rules of your probation. This is known as a \u2018recall\u2019. Your offender manager will tell you why you\u2019ve been recalled.\n\nThere are three types of recalls.\n\n## Fixed-term recalls\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent back to prison for either:\n\n- 14 days - if your original sentence was less than 12 months\n\n- 28 days - if your original sentence was 12 months or more\n\nWhen you\u2019re released you\u2019ll be back on probation and licence until the end of your sentence.\n\n## Standard recalls\n\nYou\u2019ll go back to prison until the end of your sentence, unless a parole board or the Secretary of State for Justice decide to release you.\n\nYour case will be sent to a parole board automatically after 28 days. They will either release you straight away or set a date (within 1 year) when you can be released on licence.\n\nYour offender manager can also review your case at any time and recommend to the Secretary of State that you should be released.\n\n## Indeterminate sentence recalls\n\nYour case will be sent to a parole board either:\n\n- 28 days after you go back to prison\n\n- within 12 months of your last parole board review\n\nThe parole board will do one of the following:\n\n- release you on licence immediately\n\n- set a date when you\u2019ll be released on licence\n\n- keep you in prison\n\n- ask you to attend a hearing\n\n- delay making a decision about your sentence until they have more information\n\n## Ask to be released again on probation\n\nIf you have been taken back to prison and think you should be released on probation again, ask the prison in writing. This is called \u2018making representations\u2019.\n\nYou can also ask a family member, friend or legal adviser to write to the prison for you.\n\nYou must do this within 2 weeks of being told why you are being recalled to prison.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Probation means you\u2019re serving your sentence but you\u2019re not in prison.

    ", + "

    You could be put on probation because:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re serving a community sentence
    • ", + "
  • you have been released from prison on licence or on parole
    • ", + "

    While on probation, you may have to:

    ", + "
  • do unpaid work
    • ", + "
  • complete an education or training course
    • ", + "
  • get treatment for addictions, like drugs or alcohol
    • ", + "
  • have regular meetings with an \u2018offender manager\u2019
    • ", + "

    Meetings with your offender manager

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re on probation you may have meetings with your offender manager. This will usually happen at your local probation office.

    ", + "

    At your first meeting your offender manager will explain:

    ", + "
  • the rules of your probation
    • ", + "
  • the dates, times and places of future meetings
    • ", + "
  • any appointments you must go to, for example training courses or treatment
    • ", + "
  • what happens if you do not do what you are asked
    • ", + "

    Your offender manager will ask you to read and agree to a \u2018sentence plan\u2019. This will tell you the rules you have to stick to during your probation and what your responsibilities are.

    ", + "

    What you must tell your offender manager

    ", + "

    You must tell your offender manager if:

    ", + "
  • you plan to change your name or address
    • ", + "
  • you will not be able to make any meetings you have arranged with them
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re having problems sticking to the rules of your probation
    • ", + "

    If you miss a scheduled meeting with your offender manager, you should get in touch and tell them why. You may need to provide proof, like a letter from a doctor or your employer.

    ", + "

    You are allowed to miss meetings or appointments to attend religious or other important events if you give your offender manager advance notice.

    ", + "

    If you break the rules of your probation

    ", + "

    You could go back to court if you break any rules of your probation. For example, if you:

    ", + "
  • do something your sentence bans you from doing
    • ", + "
  • commit another crime
    • ", + "
  • miss meetings and appointments without a good reason
    • ", + "
  • behave in an aggressive, racist or other unacceptable way at a meeting or appointment
    • ", + "

    You can also be taken back to prison if you break the conditions of your licence or parole.

    ", + "

    Being taken back to prison

    ", + "

    You can be taken straight back to prison if you have been released on licence or parole and you break the rules of your probation. This is known as a \u2018recall\u2019. Your offender manager will tell you why you\u2019ve been recalled.

    ", + "

    There are three types of recalls.

    ", + "

    Fixed-term recalls

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent back to prison for either:

    ", + "
  • 14 days - if your original sentence was less than 12 months
    • ", + "
  • 28 days - if your original sentence was 12 months or more
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019re released you\u2019ll be back on probation and licence until the end of your sentence.

    ", + "

    Standard recalls

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll go back to prison until the end of your sentence, unless a parole board or the Secretary of State for Justice decide to release you.

    ", + "

    Your case will be sent to a parole board automatically after 28 days. They will either release you straight away or set a date (within 1 year) when you can be released on licence.

    ", + "

    Your offender manager can also review your case at any time and recommend to the Secretary of State that you should be released.

    ", + "

    Indeterminate sentence recalls

    ", + "

    Your case will be sent to a parole board either:

    ", + "
  • 28 days after you go back to prison
    • ", + "
  • within 12 months of your last parole board review
    • ", + "

    The parole board will do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • release you on licence immediately
    • ", + "
  • set a date when you\u2019ll be released on licence
    • ", + "
  • keep you in prison
    • ", + "
  • ask you to attend a hearing
    • ", + "
  • delay making a decision about your sentence until they have more information
    • ", + "

    Ask to be released again on probation

    ", + "

    If you have been taken back to prison and think you should be released on probation again, ask the prison in writing. This is called \u2018making representations\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can also ask a family member, friend or legal adviser to write to the prison for you.

    ", + "

    You must do this within 2 weeks of being told why you are being recalled to prison.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-after-crime": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-after-crime", + "title": "After a crime: your rights", + "content": "## Your rights\n\nYou have the right to contact the police and be kept informed about the investigation if you\u2019re:\n\n- the victim of a crime\n\n- a close relative of someone who died because of a crime - for example their partner, child or sibling\n\nYou have different rights if you\u2019re the victim of a crime in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## When you report the crime\n\nThe police must give you:\n\n- written confirmation of the crime you\u2019ve reported\n\n- a crime reference number\n\n- contact details for the police officer dealing with your case\n\nThey must also:\n\n- tell you clearly what will happen next\n\n- tell you how often they\u2019ll give you an update on their investigation\n\n- carry out a \u2018needs assessment\u2019 to find out what support you should get\n\n- ask a victim support organisation to contact you within 2 days\n\nThey must also ask if you want to write a statement about how the crime has affected you. This is called a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019. It can be used later when the court is deciding on a punishment.\n\n## During the police investigation\n\nThe police must give you updates on their investigation, and tell you within 5 days when a suspect is:\n\n- arrested or charged\n\n- set free or released on bail\n\n- given a caution, reprimand, final warning, or penalty notice\n\nWhen the police have finished their investigation, they can pass the information to the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) who then decide if there\u2019s enough evidence to take the case to court.\n\nIf the police or the CPS decide to drop the charge, they must tell you within 5 days. You can ask for a review if you disagree with their decision.\n\n## Privacy\n\nThe police might give some information about the crime to the media to help with the investigation. They\u2019ll normally ask your permission before they do this.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been the victim of a sexual assault or rape, it\u2019s against the law for anyone to publish your name, photo or anything else that could identify you.\n\n## If the case goes to court\n\nYour local Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) must tell you immediately where and when the trial will be.\n\nIf you\u2019re asked to give evidence, the police will pass your details to a Witness Care Officer who will support you before and during the trial.\n\nIf the defendant is found guilty, you may be able to read your victim personal statement to them.\n\nAfter the trial ends, your Witness Care Officer must tell you:\n\n- the verdict - within 24 hours\n\n- what sentence the offender gets - if they\u2019re found guilty\n\n- if the offender appeals their conviction or sentence\n\nYou can also:\n\n- claim compensation - if the crime was violent\n\n- get free help and advice from the Victims\u2019 Information Service or Victim Contact Scheme\n\n- meet the offender (\u2018restorative justice\u2019) - contact your local victim support organisation to arrange this\n\n## If the crime was serious or you're vulnerable\n\nYou may get extra support if you:\n\n- are the victim of a serious crime\n\n- are under 18\n\n- have a mental health condition or lack mental capacity\n\n- have a disability\n\n- are a close relative of someone who died because of a crime - for example their partner, child or sibling\n\n- have been a victim of crime repeatedly - for example you\u2019re being targeted, harassed or stalked\n\n## Serious crimes\n\nYou\u2019re the victim of a serious crime if it was:\n\n- arson with intent to endanger life\n\n- attempted murder\n\n- domestic abuse\n\n- kidnapping or false imprisonment\n\n- a hate crime\n\n- human trafficking\n\n- a sexual offence\n\n- terrorism\n\n- wounding or grievous bodily harm with intent\n\n## What support you\u2019ll get\n\nYou\u2019re entitled to:\n\n- get information quicker - usually within 24 hours\n\n- protection in court if you need to give evidence\n\n- specialist help and advice\n\n- a Family Liaison Officer - if you\u2019re a close relative of the victim\n\nContact the police officer dealing with your case or your local Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) about getting this extra help.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nYou can complain if you\u2019ve been:\n\n- treated unprofessionally, disrespectfully or insensitively\n\n- discriminated against\n\nThe Victim\u2019s Code has full details of how the police, Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) and other organisations should treat you if you\u2019re the victim of crime.\n\nMake your complaint to the organisation you want to complain about. For example:\n\n- the police\n\n- the CPS or your Witness Care Officer\n\n- the court\n\nThe organisation must confirm they\u2019ve received your complaint within 10 days.\n\n## If you do not agree with the decision\n\nYou can complain to the Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman if you do not agree with the decision about your complaint.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Your rights

    ", + "

    You have the right to contact the police and be kept informed about the investigation if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • the victim of a crime
    • ", + "
  • a close relative of someone who died because of a crime - for example their partner, child or sibling
    • ", + "

    You have different rights if you\u2019re the victim of a crime in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    When you report the crime

    ", + "

    The police must give you:

    ", + "
  • written confirmation of the crime you\u2019ve reported
    • ", + "
  • a crime reference number
    • ", + "
  • contact details for the police officer dealing with your case
    • ", + "

    They must also:

    ", + "
  • tell you clearly what will happen next
    • ", + "
  • tell you how often they\u2019ll give you an update on their investigation
    • ", + "
  • carry out a \u2018needs assessment\u2019 to find out what support you should get
    • ", + "
  • ask a victim support organisation to contact you within 2 days
    • ", + "

    They must also ask if you want to write a statement about how the crime has affected you. This is called a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019. It can be used later when the court is deciding on a punishment.

    ", + "

    During the police investigation

    ", + "

    The police must give you updates on their investigation, and tell you within 5 days when a suspect is:

    ", + "
  • arrested or charged
    • ", + "
  • set free or released on bail
    • ", + "
  • given a caution, reprimand, final warning, or penalty notice
    • ", + "

    When the police have finished their investigation, they can pass the information to the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) who then decide if there\u2019s enough evidence to take the case to court.

    ", + "

    If the police or the CPS decide to drop the charge, they must tell you within 5 days. You can ask for a review if you disagree with their decision.

    ", + "

    Privacy

    ", + "

    The police might give some information about the crime to the media to help with the investigation. They\u2019ll normally ask your permission before they do this.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been the victim of a sexual assault or rape, it\u2019s against the law for anyone to publish your name, photo or anything else that could identify you.

    ", + "

    If the case goes to court

    ", + "

    Your local Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) must tell you immediately where and when the trial will be.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to give evidence, the police will pass your details to a Witness Care Officer who will support you before and during the trial.

    ", + "

    If the defendant is found guilty, you may be able to read your victim personal statement to them.

    ", + "

    After the trial ends, your Witness Care Officer must tell you:

    ", + "
  • the verdict - within 24 hours
    • ", + "
  • what sentence the offender gets - if they\u2019re found guilty
    • ", + "
  • if the offender appeals their conviction or sentence
    • ", + "

    You can also:

    ", + "
  • claim compensation - if the crime was violent
    • ", + "
  • get free help and advice from the Victims\u2019 Information Service or Victim Contact Scheme
    • ", + "
  • meet the offender (\u2018restorative justice\u2019) - contact your local victim support organisation to arrange this
    • ", + "

    If the crime was serious or you're vulnerable

    ", + "

    You may get extra support if you:

    ", + "
  • are the victim of a serious crime
    • ", + "
  • are under 18
    • ", + "
  • have a mental health condition or lack mental capacity
    • ", + "
  • have a disability
    • ", + "
  • are a close relative of someone who died because of a crime - for example their partner, child or sibling
    • ", + "
  • have been a victim of crime repeatedly - for example you\u2019re being targeted, harassed or stalked
    • ", + "

    Serious crimes

    ", + "

    You\u2019re the victim of a serious crime if it was:

    ", + "
  • arson with intent to endanger life
    • ", + "
  • attempted murder
    • ", + "
  • domestic abuse
    • ", + "
  • kidnapping or false imprisonment
    • ", + "
  • a hate crime
    • ", + "
  • human trafficking
    • ", + "
  • a sexual offence
    • ", + "
  • terrorism
    • ", + "
  • wounding or grievous bodily harm with intent
    • ", + "

    What support you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to:

    ", + "
  • get information quicker - usually within 24 hours
    • ", + "
  • protection in court if you need to give evidence
    • ", + "
  • specialist help and advice
    • ", + "
  • a Family Liaison Officer - if you\u2019re a close relative of the victim
    • ", + "

    Contact the police officer dealing with your case or your local Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) about getting this extra help.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    You can complain if you\u2019ve been:

    ", + "
  • treated unprofessionally, disrespectfully or insensitively
    • ", + "
  • discriminated against
    • ", + "

    The Victim\u2019s Code has full details of how the police, Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) and other organisations should treat you if you\u2019re the victim of crime.

    ", + "

    Make your complaint to the organisation you want to complain about. For example:

    ", + "
  • the police
    • ", + "
  • the CPS or your Witness Care Officer
    • ", + "
  • the court
    • ", + "

    The organisation must confirm they\u2019ve received your complaint within 10 days.

    ", + "

    If you do not agree with the decision

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman if you do not agree with the decision about your complaint.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/claim-compensation-criminal-injury": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-compensation-criminal-injury", + "title": "Claim compensation if you were the victim of a violent crime", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou might be able to claim compensation if you were the victim of a violent crime. This includes if:\n\n- you were injured\n\n- a close relative died\n\n- you saw the crime happen to a loved one (or were there immediately afterwards)\n\n- you paid for the funeral of a person who died\n\nYou usually have to claim within 2 years of the crime. The crime must be reported to the police before you apply.\n\nIt does not cost anything to apply.\n\n## If you were injured trying to stop a crime\n\nYou might also be able to claim compensation if you were taking a \u2018justified and exceptional\u2019 risk trying to stop a crime. For example somebody was in danger and it was not a situation that you were trained to deal with.\n\n## Get practical and emotional support\n\nVisit Victim and Witness information if you\u2019re in England and Wales.\n\nGet support as a victim or witness of crime in Scotland.\n\nYou can also get help and advice from your trade union.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThe crime must have happened in England, Wales or Scotland. It must be reported to the police.\n\nThe process is different if the crime happened in Northern Ireland or in another country.\n\n## When you can claim\n\nIn most cases you must apply within 2 years of the crime happening.\n\nYou may be able to claim for a crime that happened more than 2 years ago if one or both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re claiming because of childhood sexual or physical abuse\n\n- you could not claim earlier, for example because your mental or physical health stopped you\n\nYou may also be able to claim if the crime happened before 1 October 1979 and you lived with the attacker as a family member at the time of the incident. This was known as the \u2018same roof\u2019 rule and has changed.\n\n## Your nationality\n\nYou must have been one of the following when the crime happened:\n\n- a British citizen or EU or EEA national (or their close relative)\n\n- a family member of an EU or EEA national who has the right to be in the UK\n\n- a member of the armed forces (or you\u2019re a close relative living in their household)\n\n- a potential victim of human trafficking on or before the date of your application - this must be confirmed by the UK Human Trafficking Centre and UK Visas and Immigration\n\n- an asylum seeker\n\n- a national of a country that has signed up to the Council of Europe Convention on the Compensation of Victim of Violent Crimes\n\nYou\u2019re also eligible if you were \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK at the time of the crime. This depends on your connection to the UK, for example if you were living, working or studying there (or you were the family member of someone who was).\n\n## What you can get compensation for\n\nYou can get compensation for:\n\n- physical injuries\n\n- disabling mental injuries\n\n- sexual or physical abuse\n\n- the death of a close relative\n\n- paying for someone\u2019s funeral\n\n- loss of earnings and expenses\n\n## Disabling mental injuries\n\nA disabling mental injury is something that significantly affects your day-to-day performance at work or school, your relationships, or your sexual relationships. Mental injuries must be diagnosed by a psychiatrist or clinical psychologist.\n\n## Loss of earnings and expenses\n\nYou might get compensation for loss of earnings, or paid expenses to cover the cost of:\n\n- care, home adaptations or mobility aids\n\n- damage to physical aids, such as dentures, walking sticks or glasses\n\nYou usually have to be unable to work or have very limited ability to work for 28 weeks or longer to be eligible.\n\nYou will not be paid loss of earnings for the first 28 weeks you were unable to work.\n\nYou must have been employed when the crime happened or for the 3 years immediately before it. If you were not employed, you might still be eligible if you could not work, for example because you were in full-time education, retired or caring for someone.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nYou can claim for compensation online.\n\nIf the crime happened between 1 August 1964 and 30 September 1979 and you lived with the attacker as a family member at the time of the incident, you can also request someone to call you to start your claim.\n\nWhen you make a claim to the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA), you may need to provide:\n\n- the date and location of the crime\n\n- the name of the police station where the crime was reported\n\n- your crime reference number\n\n- your GP\u2019s name and address\n\n- your dentist\u2019s name and address (if you had dental treatment because of your injuries)\n\n- details of any previous applications you\u2019ve made to CICA\n\n- details of any unspent criminal convictions\n\nIf you deliberately provide information you know is wrong or misleading, you may be prosecuted and your application for compensation may be refused.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019ve tried to get compensation or other money you\u2019re entitled to, for example:\n\n- by claiming benefits\n\n- through insurance payments\n\n- from a civil court claim\n\n- from a criminal court case (if the crime went to court)\n\nYou do not need to wait for the outcome of other claims before you apply.\n\nIt does not cost anything to apply and you do not have to use a legal adviser.\n\nYou cannot save your application and return to it later. The service will time out if you stop using it for 30 minutes or more.\n\nMake a claim\n\n## Help making your application\n\nContact the CICA helpline if you need help because you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can ask a friend or relative to make an application on your behalf.\n\n## General enquiries\n\nEmail info@cica.gov.uk if you have a question about the claims process.\n\nYou cannot claim the cost of using a legal adviser.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll get a reference number when you submit your claim. Use the reference number whenever you contact Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA) about your claim.\n\nYour claim will be assessed on:\n\n- the information you provided in your application\n\n- information from the police, including the evidence you gave them\n\n- your criminal record\n\n- medical evidence (if it\u2019s needed)\n\nCICA will contact you if they need more information and when they make a final decision.\n\n## Medical evidence\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you need to provide a medical report. It can cost up to \u00a350.\n\nContact CICA if you need help getting or paying for the medical report.\n\nYou might also need to attend a psychological assessment if you\u2019re claiming compensation for mental injuries.\n\n## If you\u2019re using a legal adviser\n\nIf you and your legal adviser disagree about how much money you owe them, you normally will not be paid your compensation in full until you resolve this.\n\n## Disagreeing with a decision\n\nWrite to CICA and ask them to review a decision if you disagree with it.\n\nIf you disagree with the outcome of CICA\u2019s review, you can appeal to the criminal injuries compensation tribunal.\n\n## Update your claim\n\nSign in to your account to finish your application.\n\nYou need to contact Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA) if:\n\n- your contact or personal details change\n\n- you stop using or change a legal adviser\n\n- you get compensation or money from any other sources after you apply\n\n## If you applied by phone\n\nCall CICA to update your claim if you applied by phone.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your reference number.\n\n## If you\u2019re a victim who lived with the attacker before 1 October 1979\n\nThe deadline to apply for compensation was 13 June 2021 if you were a victim of violent crime and:\n\n- the crime happened between 1 August 1964 and 30 September 1979\n\n- you lived with the attacker as a family member at the time of the incident (this was known as the \u2018same roof\u2019 rule)\n\n## Claims made after the deadline\n\nYou may still be able to claim if you can show you were unable to apply before 13 June 2021 and you either:\n\n- were a child at the time of the crime\n\n- could not apply earlier because of exceptional circumstances (you must provide enough evidence so your claim can be decided without further extensive enquiries)\n\n## If you\u2019ve made a claim before\n\nIf you\u2019ve made a claim before but it was refused or reduced because of the \u2018same roof\u2019 rule you can reapply for compensation if you\u2019re eligible. The \u2018same roof\u2019 rule does not apply anymore.\n\n## How to make a claim\n\nYou can request someone to contact you about your claim. You\u2019ll need to give some information like your name and contact details.\n\nA caseworker will contact you within 2 working days or on the next available day you\u2019ve selected on the form.\n\nRequest someone to contact you\n\n## Other ways to apply\n\nYou can make a claim online or on the phone by calling Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA). You can also call CICA to arrange a time for someone to take your claim over the phone.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might be able to claim compensation if you were the victim of a violent crime. This includes if:

    ", + "
  • you were injured
    • ", + "
  • a close relative died
    • ", + "
  • you saw the crime happen to a loved one (or were there immediately afterwards)
    • ", + "
  • you paid for the funeral of a person who died
    • ", + "

    You usually have to claim within 2 years of the crime. The crime must be reported to the police before you apply.

    ", + "

    It does not cost anything to apply.

    ", + "

    If you were injured trying to stop a crime

    ", + "

    You might also be able to claim compensation if you were taking a \u2018justified and exceptional\u2019 risk trying to stop a crime. For example somebody was in danger and it was not a situation that you were trained to deal with.

    ", + "

    Get practical and emotional support

    ", + "

    Visit Victim and Witness information if you\u2019re in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    Get support as a victim or witness of crime in Scotland.

    ", + "

    You can also get help and advice from your trade union.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    The crime must have happened in England, Wales or Scotland. It must be reported to the police.

    ", + "

    The process is different if the crime happened in Northern Ireland or in another country.

    ", + "

    When you can claim

    ", + "

    In most cases you must apply within 2 years of the crime happening.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim for a crime that happened more than 2 years ago if one or both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re claiming because of childhood sexual or physical abuse
    • ", + "
  • you could not claim earlier, for example because your mental or physical health stopped you
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to claim if the crime happened before 1 October 1979 and you lived with the attacker as a family member at the time of the incident. This was known as the \u2018same roof\u2019 rule and has changed.

    ", + "

    Your nationality

    ", + "

    You must have been one of the following when the crime happened:

    ", + "
  • a British citizen or EU or EEA national (or their close relative)
    • ", + "
  • a family member of an EU or EEA national who has the right to be in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a member of the armed forces (or you\u2019re a close relative living in their household)
    • ", + "
  • a potential victim of human trafficking on or before the date of your application - this must be confirmed by the UK Human Trafficking Centre and UK Visas and Immigration
    • ", + "
  • an asylum seeker
    • ", + "
  • a national of a country that has signed up to the Council of Europe Convention on the Compensation of Victim of Violent Crimes
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re also eligible if you were \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK at the time of the crime. This depends on your connection to the UK, for example if you were living, working or studying there (or you were the family member of someone who was).

    ", + "

    What you can get compensation for

    ", + "

    You can get compensation for:

    ", + "
  • physical injuries
    • ", + "
  • disabling mental injuries
    • ", + "
  • sexual or physical abuse
    • ", + "
  • the death of a close relative
    • ", + "
  • paying for someone\u2019s funeral
    • ", + "
  • loss of earnings and expenses
    • ", + "

    Disabling mental injuries

    ", + "

    A disabling mental injury is something that significantly affects your day-to-day performance at work or school, your relationships, or your sexual relationships. Mental injuries must be diagnosed by a psychiatrist or clinical psychologist.

    ", + "

    Loss of earnings and expenses

    ", + "

    You might get compensation for loss of earnings, or paid expenses to cover the cost of:

    ", + "
  • care, home adaptations or mobility aids
    • ", + "
  • damage to physical aids, such as dentures, walking sticks or glasses
    • ", + "

    You usually have to be unable to work or have very limited ability to work for 28 weeks or longer to be eligible.

    ", + "

    You will not be paid loss of earnings for the first 28 weeks you were unable to work.

    ", + "

    You must have been employed when the crime happened or for the 3 years immediately before it. If you were not employed, you might still be eligible if you could not work, for example because you were in full-time education, retired or caring for someone.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    You can claim for compensation online.

    ", + "

    If the crime happened between 1 August 1964 and 30 September 1979 and you lived with the attacker as a family member at the time of the incident, you can also request someone to call you to start your claim.

    ", + "

    When you make a claim to the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA), you may need to provide:

    ", + "
  • the date and location of the crime
    • ", + "
  • the name of the police station where the crime was reported
    • ", + "
  • your crime reference number
    • ", + "
  • your GP\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • your dentist\u2019s name and address (if you had dental treatment because of your injuries)
    • ", + "
  • details of any previous applications you\u2019ve made to CICA
    • ", + "
  • details of any unspent criminal convictions
    • ", + "

    If you deliberately provide information you know is wrong or misleading, you may be prosecuted and your application for compensation may be refused.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019ve tried to get compensation or other money you\u2019re entitled to, for example:

    ", + "
  • by claiming benefits
    • ", + "
  • through insurance payments
    • ", + "
  • from a civil court claim
    • ", + "
  • from a criminal court case (if the crime went to court)
    • ", + "

    You do not need to wait for the outcome of other claims before you apply.

    ", + "

    It does not cost anything to apply and you do not have to use a legal adviser.

    ", + "

    You cannot save your application and return to it later. The service will time out if you stop using it for 30 minutes or more.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    Help making your application

    ", + "

    Contact the CICA helpline if you need help because you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can ask a friend or relative to make an application on your behalf.

    ", + "

    General enquiries

    ", + "

    Email info@cica.gov.uk if you have a question about the claims process.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim the cost of using a legal adviser.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a reference number when you submit your claim. Use the reference number whenever you contact Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA) about your claim.

    ", + "

    Your claim will be assessed on:

    ", + "
  • the information you provided in your application
    • ", + "
  • information from the police, including the evidence you gave them
    • ", + "
  • your criminal record
    • ", + "
  • medical evidence (if it\u2019s needed)
    • ", + "

    CICA will contact you if they need more information and when they make a final decision.

    ", + "

    Medical evidence

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if you need to provide a medical report. It can cost up to \u00a350.

    ", + "

    Contact CICA if you need help getting or paying for the medical report.

    ", + "

    You might also need to attend a psychological assessment if you\u2019re claiming compensation for mental injuries.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using a legal adviser

    ", + "

    If you and your legal adviser disagree about how much money you owe them, you normally will not be paid your compensation in full until you resolve this.

    ", + "

    Disagreeing with a decision

    ", + "

    Write to CICA and ask them to review a decision if you disagree with it.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the outcome of CICA\u2019s review, you can appeal to the criminal injuries compensation tribunal.

    ", + "

    Update your claim

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account to finish your application.

    ", + "

    You need to contact Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA) if:

    ", + "
  • your contact or personal details change
    • ", + "
  • you stop using or change a legal adviser
    • ", + "
  • you get compensation or money from any other sources after you apply
    • ", + "

    If you applied by phone

    ", + "

    Call CICA to update your claim if you applied by phone.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your reference number.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim who lived with the attacker before 1 October 1979

    ", + "

    The deadline to apply for compensation was 13 June 2021 if you were a victim of violent crime and:

    ", + "
  • the crime happened between 1 August 1964 and 30 September 1979
    • ", + "
  • you lived with the attacker as a family member at the time of the incident (this was known as the \u2018same roof\u2019 rule)
    • ", + "

    Claims made after the deadline

    ", + "

    You may still be able to claim if you can show you were unable to apply before 13 June 2021 and you either:

    ", + "
  • were a child at the time of the crime
    • ", + "
  • could not apply earlier because of exceptional circumstances (you must provide enough evidence so your claim can be decided without further extensive enquiries)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve made a claim before

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve made a claim before but it was refused or reduced because of the \u2018same roof\u2019 rule you can reapply for compensation if you\u2019re eligible. The \u2018same roof\u2019 rule does not apply anymore.

    ", + "

    How to make a claim

    ", + "

    You can request someone to contact you about your claim. You\u2019ll need to give some information like your name and contact details.

    ", + "

    A caseworker will contact you within 2 working days or on the next available day you\u2019ve selected on the form.

    ", + "

    Request someone to contact you

    ", + "

    Other ways to apply

    ", + "

    You can make a claim online or on the phone by calling Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA). You can also call CICA to arrange a time for someone to take your claim over the phone.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/compensation-after-accident-or-injury": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/compensation-after-accident-or-injury", + "title": "Compensation after an accident or injury", + "content": "## Write a letter, complain or try mediation\n\nYou can get compensation by taking legal action, but it could cost you money and you may not win your case against the person or organisation to blame.\n\n## Writing a letter or making a complaint\n\nIf it\u2019s not a serious injury, you may be able to solve the issue by writing a letter or making a complaint - use the complaints procedure if there is one.\n\nExplain what went wrong and tell them how much compensation you want or how they can make up for the injury.\n\n## Using mediation\n\nYou may want to use a mediation service to negotiate a settlement.\n\nThere is usually a fee, but it can be cheaper, quicker and easier than going to court.\n\n## Check your insurance policies\n\nYou may already have insurance to pay for legal costs.\n\n- check your insurance policies (like motor, home contents or holiday insurance policies) to see if they include \u2018legal expenses insurance\u2019\n\n- check if you have legal cover as a member of a trade union, or an organisation like the RAC or the AA\n\nPolicies normally only cover you for some types of legal problem and have other terms and conditions.\n\n## \u2018After the event\u2019 insurance\n\nIf you\u2019re not insured, you could take out insurance after the incident to protect yourself against a large legal bill.\n\nA solicitor can help you choose an \u2018after-the-event\u2019 insurance policy and may take it out on your behalf.\n\nIf you win, you may be able to get some of the costs back from the losing side.\n\nSome insurance companies will not insure you if they think you\u2019re unlikely to succeed, and some policies are very expensive.\n\n## Using a solicitor or a claims company\n\nYou can\u2019t usually get legal aid for personal injury cases.\n\nA solicitor should advise you on costs before you agree to hire them.\n\nGet advice from Citizens Advice on what\u2019s involved in taking legal action and how much it will cost you.\n\n## Claims companies\n\nBusinesses known as claims companies can help you find a solicitor.\n\nMost claims handlers aren\u2019t solicitors, and so won\u2019t be able to represent you in court.\n\nCheck that a claims company is authorised: business search.\n\n## \u2018No win, no fee\u2019 deals\n\nIf you use a \u2018no win, no fee\u2019 agreement, you will only have to pay the solicitor\u2019s fee if you win the case.\n\nYou may still have to pay for some other costs, like:\n\n- fees to pay for experts\n\n- court fees\n\n- travelling expenses\n\nIf you lose, you will also have to pay for:\n\n- the other side\u2019s legal costs\n\n- other expenses and charges, such as fees for witnesses\n\nThe solicitor may charge a fee for winning the case.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Write a letter, complain or try mediation

    ", + "

    You can get compensation by taking legal action, but it could cost you money and you may not win your case against the person or organisation to blame.

    ", + "

    Writing a letter or making a complaint

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s not a serious injury, you may be able to solve the issue by writing a letter or making a complaint - use the complaints procedure if there is one.

    ", + "

    Explain what went wrong and tell them how much compensation you want or how they can make up for the injury.

    ", + "

    Using mediation

    ", + "

    You may want to use a mediation service to negotiate a settlement.

    ", + "

    There is usually a fee, but it can be cheaper, quicker and easier than going to court.

    ", + "

    Check your insurance policies

    ", + "

    You may already have insurance to pay for legal costs.

    ", + "
  • check your insurance policies (like motor, home contents or holiday insurance policies) to see if they include \u2018legal expenses insurance\u2019
    • ", + "
  • check if you have legal cover as a member of a trade union, or an organisation like the RAC or the AA
    • ", + "

    Policies normally only cover you for some types of legal problem and have other terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    \u2018After the event\u2019 insurance

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not insured, you could take out insurance after the incident to protect yourself against a large legal bill.

    ", + "

    A solicitor can help you choose an \u2018after-the-event\u2019 insurance policy and may take it out on your behalf.

    ", + "

    If you win, you may be able to get some of the costs back from the losing side.

    ", + "

    Some insurance companies will not insure you if they think you\u2019re unlikely to succeed, and some policies are very expensive.

    ", + "

    Using a solicitor or a claims company

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t usually get legal aid for personal injury cases.

    ", + "

    A solicitor should advise you on costs before you agree to hire them.

    ", + "

    Get advice from Citizens Advice on what\u2019s involved in taking legal action and how much it will cost you.

    ", + "

    Claims companies

    ", + "

    Businesses known as claims companies can help you find a solicitor.

    ", + "

    Most claims handlers aren\u2019t solicitors, and so won\u2019t be able to represent you in court.

    ", + "

    Check that a claims company is authorised: business search.

    ", + "

    \u2018No win, no fee\u2019 deals

    ", + "

    If you use a \u2018no win, no fee\u2019 agreement, you will only have to pay the solicitor\u2019s fee if you win the case.

    ", + "

    You may still have to pay for some other costs, like:

    ", + "
  • fees to pay for experts
    • ", + "
  • court fees
    • ", + "
  • travelling expenses
    • ", + "

    If you lose, you will also have to pay for:

    ", + "
  • the other side\u2019s legal costs
    • ", + "
  • other expenses and charges, such as fees for witnesses
    • ", + "

    The solicitor may charge a fee for winning the case.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/criminal-injuries-compensation-tribunal": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/criminal-injuries-compensation-tribunal", + "title": "Criminal injuries compensation tribunal", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Criminal Injuries Compensation) if you disagree with a decision by the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA) on your claim for compensation.\n\nYou may want to appeal if you\u2019re refused compensation or unhappy with the amount.\n\nThe tribunal can:\n\n- uphold CICA\u2019s decision\n\n- increase or reduce your award\n\n- decide you should not get anything\n\n- ask CICA to make the decision again\n\nYou have 90 days to appeal to the tribunal from the date of CICA\u2019s review decision. Explain why you\u2019re late if you miss the deadline, for example if you\u2019re waiting for medical reports.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can contact Victim and Witness Information to find local help and support.\n\nYou can represent yourself at the tribunal. To get help and advice before you appeal you can find a solicitor.\n\n## Appeal to the tribunal\n\nDownload and fill in the appeal form giving reasons why you disagree with the the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority\u2019s (CICA\u2019s) decision.\n\nYou must also provide:\n\n- the decision letter from CICA\n\n- documents supporting your case, for example, medical records or evidence of loss of earnings\n\nSend the form, decision letter and documents to the address on the form.\n\nCall or email the tribunal helpline if you have any questions about completing the form. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe tribunal will send a copy of your appeal form to the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA). CICA will usually respond to you and the tribunal within 6 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll have one month to get back to the tribunal with any extra information or arguments.\n\n## How your appeal will be decided\n\nThe tribunal will write to tell you if your appeal will be decided using either:\n\n- the paperwork in the case\n\n- a hearing\n\nYou can ask the tribunal for a hearing if you\u2019re unhappy with not being given one.\n\nThe tribunal judge\u2019s decision will be sent to you by post if your appeal is decided using paperwork.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given at least 14 days\u2019 notice of any hearing.\n\n## Hearings\n\nThe hearing will usually be held in the area covered by the police force which investigated the crime.\n\nThe hearing will be attended by:\n\n- 2 or 3 tribunal judges or members\n\n- a clerk\n\n- a representative from CICA\n\n- any witnesses\n\nA police officer who knows about your case may also attend if they can help the tribunal.\n\nOffenders do not usually attend tribunal hearings.\n\n## What happens at a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked questions about the crime and your injuries.\n\nYou\u2019ll present your case to the judge - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer friend or family member.\n\nWitnesses will come into the hearing room to give evidence - they\u2019ll leave after they\u2019ve done that.\n\nYou or your representative can ask questions during the hearing, and can make points at the end.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get the tribunal\u2019s decision on the day of the hearing.\n\n## Expenses for going to the hearing\n\nThe tribunal will send you information on how to claim expenses for going to the hearing, such as travel costs.\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nThere\u2019s no right of appeal but you may be able to ask for a \u2018judicial review\u2019 of the decision if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason. This means they may hear the case again.\n\nContact a solicitor for legal advice if you\u2019re unsure.\n\n## Before you apply\n\nBefore applying for a judicial review:\n\n- write to the tribunal, saying why you think the decision was wrong\n\n- ask for written reasons for its decision\n\nYou must do this within 1 month of the date of the decision.\n\n## How to apply - England and Wales\n\nYou must get permission from the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you live in England or Wales.\n\nFill in the judicial review claim form and return it to the address on the form.\n\nFind out more about appealing to the Upper Tribunal.\n\n## How to apply - Scotland\n\nYou must get permission from the Court of Session if you live in Scotland by using the application for leave to appeal form.\n\nSend the form to:\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nSearch the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on the Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme 2012.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008.\n\nRead the Practice Directions and Statements for more information.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Criminal Injuries Compensation) if you disagree with a decision by the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA) on your claim for compensation.

    ", + "

    You may want to appeal if you\u2019re refused compensation or unhappy with the amount.

    ", + "

    The tribunal can:

    ", + "
  • uphold CICA\u2019s decision
    • ", + "
  • increase or reduce your award
    • ", + "
  • decide you should not get anything
    • ", + "
  • ask CICA to make the decision again
    • ", + "

    You have 90 days to appeal to the tribunal from the date of CICA\u2019s review decision. Explain why you\u2019re late if you miss the deadline, for example if you\u2019re waiting for medical reports.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You can contact Victim and Witness Information to find local help and support.

    ", + "

    You can represent yourself at the tribunal. To get help and advice before you appeal you can find a solicitor.

    ", + "

    Appeal to the tribunal

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the appeal form giving reasons why you disagree with the the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority\u2019s (CICA\u2019s) decision.

    ", + "

    You must also provide:

    ", + "
  • the decision letter from CICA
    • ", + "
  • documents supporting your case, for example, medical records or evidence of loss of earnings
    • ", + "

    Send the form, decision letter and documents to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Call or email the tribunal helpline if you have any questions about completing the form. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The tribunal will send a copy of your appeal form to the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA). CICA will usually respond to you and the tribunal within 6 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have one month to get back to the tribunal with any extra information or arguments.

    ", + "

    How your appeal will be decided

    ", + "

    The tribunal will write to tell you if your appeal will be decided using either:

    ", + "
  • the paperwork in the case
    • ", + "
  • a hearing
    • ", + "

    You can ask the tribunal for a hearing if you\u2019re unhappy with not being given one.

    ", + "

    The tribunal judge\u2019s decision will be sent to you by post if your appeal is decided using paperwork.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given at least 14 days\u2019 notice of any hearing.

    ", + "

    Hearings

    ", + "

    The hearing will usually be held in the area covered by the police force which investigated the crime.

    ", + "

    The hearing will be attended by:

    ", + "
  • 2 or 3 tribunal judges or members
    • ", + "
  • a clerk
    • ", + "
  • a representative from CICA
    • ", + "
  • any witnesses
    • ", + "

    A police officer who knows about your case may also attend if they can help the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Offenders do not usually attend tribunal hearings.

    ", + "

    What happens at a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked questions about the crime and your injuries.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll present your case to the judge - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer friend or family member.

    ", + "

    Witnesses will come into the hearing room to give evidence - they\u2019ll leave after they\u2019ve done that.

    ", + "

    You or your representative can ask questions during the hearing, and can make points at the end.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the tribunal\u2019s decision on the day of the hearing.

    ", + "

    Expenses for going to the hearing

    ", + "

    The tribunal will send you information on how to claim expenses for going to the hearing, such as travel costs.

    ", + "

    If you lose your appeal

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no right of appeal but you may be able to ask for a \u2018judicial review\u2019 of the decision if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason. This means they may hear the case again.

    ", + "

    Contact a solicitor for legal advice if you\u2019re unsure.

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    Before applying for a judicial review:

    ", + "
  • write to the tribunal, saying why you think the decision was wrong
    • ", + "
  • ask for written reasons for its decision
    • ", + "

    You must do this within 1 month of the date of the decision.

    ", + "

    How to apply - England and Wales

    ", + "

    You must get permission from the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you live in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Fill in the judicial review claim form and return it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Find out more about appealing to the Upper Tribunal.

    ", + "

    How to apply - Scotland

    ", + "

    You must get permission from the Court of Session if you live in Scotland by using the application for leave to appeal form.

    ", + "

    Send the form to:

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    Search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme 2012.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008.

    ", + "

    Read the Practice Directions and Statements for more information.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence", + "title": "Get an injunction if you've been the victim of domestic abuse", + "content": "## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018injunction\u2019 if you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic abuse. An injunction is a court order that either:\n\n- protects you or your child from being harmed or threatened by the person who\u2019s abused you - this is called a \u2018non-molestation order\u2019\n\n- decides who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area - this is called an \u2018occupation order\u2019\n\nThe person named in the injunction can be arrested if they break it.\n\nGet advice on applying for an injunction from a charity, for example Refuge, Women\u2019s Aid, Citizens Advice or the Men\u2019s Advice Line.\n\nYou may be able to get free legal representation.\n\nIf you\u2019re in immediate danger of being abused or have been abused, report it to the police.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can use the RCJ Citizens Advice CourtNav service to prepare an injunction application online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- create an online account\n\n- explain what happened to you\n\n- include the name and address of the person who\u2019s abused you\n\nAs part of your application, you can choose a law firm to review it.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to get legal aid or pay for legal advice, your application can be sent back to a legal adviser at RCJ Citizens Advice to check for free.\n\nThe legal adviser will tell you if you need to make a court application and how to submit one.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call. If you need a face-to-face hearing, you\u2019ll need to explain why in your application.\n\n## Apply by email or post\n\nFollow these steps to apply for an injunction by email or post.\n\n- Check if you\u2019re eligible to apply for a non-molestation order or an occupation order.\n\n- Download and fill in the application form (form FL401) and make 2 copies.\n\n- Write your witness statement telling the court what has happened and asking for the relevant order.\n\n- At the bottom of the witness statement write a statement of truth. Use the following words: \u201cI believe that the facts stated in this witness statement are true.\u201d Sign and date the statement of truth.\n\n- Download and fill in form C8 if you want to keep your address and telephone number private.\n\n- Email or send all the documents to a court which deals with domestic abuse cases - there\u2019s no fee.\n\nMany courts are closed because of coronavirus. You\u2019ll need to check that the court is open and staffed before you send in your application.\n\n## Emergency orders\n\nIf you need protection immediately, ask for an emergency order when you apply. You do not have to tell the person you want protection from that you\u2019re applying so it\u2019s known as a \u2018without notice\u2019 or \u2018ex-parte\u2019 application.\n\nThe court will hold a hearing which you must attend. It may issue an order at the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to tell that person about your application after the order has been issued.\n\nAn emergency order will usually last until your hearing.\n\n## If you\u2019re 17 or under\n\nIf you\u2019re under 16 you\u2019ll need permission to apply from the High Court.\n\nIf you\u2019re 16 or 17 you\u2019ll need to appoint a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 to represent you in court \u2013 this is usually a parent, family member or close friend.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nAfter you\u2019ve applied you must arrange for the person you\u2019re applying to get an injunction against to be told about your application.\n\n## Who can apply: non-molestation order\n\nYou can usually apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the person you want to be protected from (\u2018the respondent\u2019) is:\n\n- someone you\u2019re having or have had a relationship with\n\n- a family member\n\n- someone you\u2019re living or have lived with\n\nCheck the following lists to make sure you can apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 16 you need permission from the High Court to apply.\n\n## Husband, wife, civil partner or other relationship\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the respondent is your:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- former husband, former wife or former civil partner\n\n- fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- former fianc\u00e9, former fianc\u00e9e or former proposed civil partner \u2013 if your engagement or agreement to form a civil partnership ended less than 3 years ago\n\n- boyfriend, girlfriend, partner or a person you\u2019re in or have been in a relationship with for more than 6 months\n\nIf you were engaged to or had agreed to form a civil partnership with the respondent, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence, such as a ring or statement from a witness who attended a ceremony or celebration.\n\n## Family member\n\nYou can apply if the respondent is a close family member, for example a parent, brother, sister, aunt or uncle.\n\n## People who have parental responsibility for your child or grandchild\n\nYou can apply if you have a child or grandchild and the respondent is the child\u2019s parent or person you share parental responsibility with.\n\nIf your child (or grandchild) has been adopted, you can also apply to get an injunction against their:\n\n- adoptive parent\n\n- anyone who has applied to adopt them\n\n- anyone the child has been placed with for adoption\n\nYou can also apply for an order against the child or grandchild if they\u2019ve been adopted.\n\nYou can report anyone who abuses you to your neighbourhood police team.\n\n## Who can apply: occupation order\n\nYou can apply for an occupation order if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and meet the requirements. The order will say who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area.\n\nYou can apply if:\n\n- you own or rent the home and it is, was, or was intended to be shared with a husband or wife, civil partner, cohabitant, family member, person you\u2019re engaged to or parent of your child\n\n- you do not own or rent the home but you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership with the owner and you\u2019re living in the home (known as \u2018matrimonial home rights\u2019)\n\n- your former husband, wife or civil partner is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared matrimonial home\n\n- the person you cohabit or cohabited with is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared home\n\n## After you submit your application\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a document called a \u2018Notice of Proceedings\u2019 by the court. This tells you when your court hearing will take place.\n\n## Telling people about your application\n\nThe court will send you back a sealed copy of your application. You must arrange for the sealed copy and your witness statement to be \u2018served\u2019 on the person named in the application. This means making sure they get a copy of the documents in person.\n\nYour solicitor will do this if you\u2019re using one or you can ask the court to serve the documents for free.\n\nDo not serve the documents yourself.\n\n## Your court hearing\n\nYour hearing will be held in private (sometimes called \u2018in chambers\u2019). In most cases only you and the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against, and any legal representatives, can attend. Read about what to expect when you go to a court hearing.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call.\n\nThe court will provide an interpreter if you asked for one when you applied for the injunction. They can translate what happens during the hearing but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.\n\nContact the court before the hearing if you need support or extra protection.\n\nThe judge may make a decision without a hearing if, for example:\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against lives with you\n\nThis is called \u2018on paper\u2019.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nAt the end of the hearing the court will make one of the following decisions:\n\n- the person you\u2019ve applied for an injunction against must make an \u2018undertaking\u2019 (a promise) to do or not do something\n\n- you must provide more information - the court may issue a short-term order (an \u2018interim order\u2019) to protect you while you get this information\n\n- it will issue an order - when that ends they may hold another hearing to decide whether to renew the order\n\nYou\u2019ll get a copy of the order if the court issues one. It will say what the respondent can and cannot do.\n\nIf your order expires and you still want protection, you\u2019ll have to apply again.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou must arrange for the order to be \u2018served\u2019 on the respondent. This means making sure they get a copy of the order in person.\n\nIf you have a solicitor, they will arrange for the documents to be served. If you do not have a solicitor you can:\n\n- ask the court to serve the documents - you will not need to pay for this\n\n- hire a professional process server to serve the documents\n\nDo not serve the documents yourself.\n\nThe court will send the order and the statement of service to the officer in charge of your neighbourhood police station or the police station named in the court order.\n\nIf the person named in your injunction does not follow the court order, you can call the police.\n\n## Complaints and appeals\n\nYou can complain to the court where you had the hearing if you\u2019re unhappy with the service they provided.\n\nYou may be able to make an appeal about the decision if you think there\u2019s been a serious mistake. You\u2019ll have to get permission to make the appeal and there\u2019s usually a fee. Read the guidance on how to make an appeal.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018injunction\u2019 if you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic abuse. An injunction is a court order that either:

    ", + "
  • protects you or your child from being harmed or threatened by the person who\u2019s abused you - this is called a \u2018non-molestation order\u2019
    • ", + "
  • decides who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area - this is called an \u2018occupation order\u2019
    • ", + "

    The person named in the injunction can be arrested if they break it.

    ", + "

    Get advice on applying for an injunction from a charity, for example Refuge, Women\u2019s Aid, Citizens Advice or the Men\u2019s Advice Line.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get free legal representation.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in immediate danger of being abused or have been abused, report it to the police.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can use the RCJ Citizens Advice CourtNav service to prepare an injunction application online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • create an online account
    • ", + "
  • explain what happened to you
    • ", + "
  • include the name and address of the person who\u2019s abused you
    • ", + "

    As part of your application, you can choose a law firm to review it.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to get legal aid or pay for legal advice, your application can be sent back to a legal adviser at RCJ Citizens Advice to check for free.

    ", + "

    The legal adviser will tell you if you need to make a court application and how to submit one.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call. If you need a face-to-face hearing, you\u2019ll need to explain why in your application.

    ", + "

    Apply by email or post

    ", + "

    Follow these steps to apply for an injunction by email or post.

    ", + "
  • Check if you\u2019re eligible to apply for a non-molestation order or an occupation order.
    • ", + "
  • Download and fill in the application form (form FL401) and make 2 copies.
    • ", + "
  • Write your witness statement telling the court what has happened and asking for the relevant order.
    • ", + "
  • At the bottom of the witness statement write a statement of truth. Use the following words: \u201cI believe that the facts stated in this witness statement are true.\u201d Sign and date the statement of truth.
    • ", + "
  • Download and fill in form C8 if you want to keep your address and telephone number private.
    • ", + "
  • Email or send all the documents to a court which deals with domestic abuse cases - there\u2019s no fee.
    • ", + "

    Many courts are closed because of coronavirus. You\u2019ll need to check that the court is open and staffed before you send in your application.

    ", + "

    Emergency orders

    ", + "

    If you need protection immediately, ask for an emergency order when you apply. You do not have to tell the person you want protection from that you\u2019re applying so it\u2019s known as a \u2018without notice\u2019 or \u2018ex-parte\u2019 application.

    ", + "

    The court will hold a hearing which you must attend. It may issue an order at the hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still have to tell that person about your application after the order has been issued.

    ", + "

    An emergency order will usually last until your hearing.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 17 or under

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 16 you\u2019ll need permission to apply from the High Court.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 16 or 17 you\u2019ll need to appoint a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 to represent you in court \u2013 this is usually a parent, family member or close friend.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied you must arrange for the person you\u2019re applying to get an injunction against to be told about your application.

    ", + "

    Who can apply: non-molestation order

    ", + "

    You can usually apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the person you want to be protected from (\u2018the respondent\u2019) is:

    ", + "
  • someone you\u2019re having or have had a relationship with
    • ", + "
  • a family member
    • ", + "
  • someone you\u2019re living or have lived with
    • ", + "

    Check the following lists to make sure you can apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 16 you need permission from the High Court to apply.

    ", + "

    Husband, wife, civil partner or other relationship

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the respondent is your:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • former husband, former wife or former civil partner
    • ", + "
  • fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner
    • ", + "
  • former fianc\u00e9, former fianc\u00e9e or former proposed civil partner \u2013 if your engagement or agreement to form a civil partnership ended less than 3 years ago
    • ", + "
  • boyfriend, girlfriend, partner or a person you\u2019re in or have been in a relationship with for more than 6 months
    • ", + "

    If you were engaged to or had agreed to form a civil partnership with the respondent, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence, such as a ring or statement from a witness who attended a ceremony or celebration.

    ", + "

    Family member

    ", + "

    You can apply if the respondent is a close family member, for example a parent, brother, sister, aunt or uncle.

    ", + "

    People who have parental responsibility for your child or grandchild

    ", + "

    You can apply if you have a child or grandchild and the respondent is the child\u2019s parent or person you share parental responsibility with.

    ", + "

    If your child (or grandchild) has been adopted, you can also apply to get an injunction against their:

    ", + "
  • adoptive parent
    • ", + "
  • anyone who has applied to adopt them
    • ", + "
  • anyone the child has been placed with for adoption
    • ", + "

    You can also apply for an order against the child or grandchild if they\u2019ve been adopted.

    ", + "

    You can report anyone who abuses you to your neighbourhood police team.

    ", + "

    Who can apply: occupation order

    ", + "

    You can apply for an occupation order if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and meet the requirements. The order will say who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area.

    ", + "

    You can apply if:

    ", + "
  • you own or rent the home and it is, was, or was intended to be shared with a husband or wife, civil partner, cohabitant, family member, person you\u2019re engaged to or parent of your child
    • ", + "
  • you do not own or rent the home but you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership with the owner and you\u2019re living in the home (known as \u2018matrimonial home rights\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • your former husband, wife or civil partner is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared matrimonial home
    • ", + "
  • the person you cohabit or cohabited with is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared home
    • ", + "

    After you submit your application

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a document called a \u2018Notice of Proceedings\u2019 by the court. This tells you when your court hearing will take place.

    ", + "

    Telling people about your application

    ", + "

    The court will send you back a sealed copy of your application. You must arrange for the sealed copy and your witness statement to be \u2018served\u2019 on the person named in the application. This means making sure they get a copy of the documents in person.

    ", + "

    Your solicitor will do this if you\u2019re using one or you can ask the court to serve the documents for free.

    ", + "

    Do not serve the documents yourself.

    ", + "

    Your court hearing

    ", + "

    Your hearing will be held in private (sometimes called \u2018in chambers\u2019). In most cases only you and the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against, and any legal representatives, can attend. Read about what to expect when you go to a court hearing.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call.

    ", + "

    The court will provide an interpreter if you asked for one when you applied for the injunction. They can translate what happens during the hearing but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    Contact the court before the hearing if you need support or extra protection.

    ", + "

    The judge may make a decision without a hearing if, for example:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus
    • ", + "
  • the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against lives with you
    • ", + "

    This is called \u2018on paper\u2019.

    ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    At the end of the hearing the court will make one of the following decisions:

    ", + "
  • the person you\u2019ve applied for an injunction against must make an \u2018undertaking\u2019 (a promise) to do or not do something
    • ", + "
  • you must provide more information - the court may issue a short-term order (an \u2018interim order\u2019) to protect you while you get this information
    • ", + "
  • it will issue an order - when that ends they may hold another hearing to decide whether to renew the order
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a copy of the order if the court issues one. It will say what the respondent can and cannot do.

    ", + "

    If your order expires and you still want protection, you\u2019ll have to apply again.

    ", + "

    After the hearing

    ", + "

    You must arrange for the order to be \u2018served\u2019 on the respondent. This means making sure they get a copy of the order in person.

    ", + "

    If you have a solicitor, they will arrange for the documents to be served. If you do not have a solicitor you can:

    ", + "
  • ask the court to serve the documents - you will not need to pay for this
    • ", + "
  • hire a professional process server to serve the documents
    • ", + "

    Do not serve the documents yourself.

    ", + "

    The court will send the order and the statement of service to the officer in charge of your neighbourhood police station or the police station named in the court order.

    ", + "

    If the person named in your injunction does not follow the court order, you can call the police.

    ", + "

    Complaints and appeals

    ", + "

    You can complain to the court where you had the hearing if you\u2019re unhappy with the service they provided.

    ", + "

    You may be able to make an appeal about the decision if you think there\u2019s been a serious mistake. You\u2019ll have to get permission to make the appeal and there\u2019s usually a fee. Read the guidance on how to make an appeal.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/terrorism-national-emergency": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/terrorism-national-emergency", + "title": "Terrorism and national emergencies", + "content": "## Terrorism threat levels\n\nThe threat level indicates the likelihood of a terrorist attack in the UK.\n\n## National threat level\n\nThe threat to the UK (England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland) from terrorism is substantial.\n\n## Northern Ireland-related threat level\n\nThe threat to Northern Ireland from Northern Ireland-related terrorism is severe.\n\n## Threat levels\n\nThere are 5 levels of threat:\n\n- low - an attack is highly unlikely\n\n- moderate - an attack is possible but not likely\n\n- substantial - an attack is likely\n\n- severe - an attack is highly likely\n\n- critical - an attack is highly likely in the near future\n\nThe level is set by the Joint Terrorism Analysis Centre and the Security Service (MI5).\n\nThreat levels do not have an expiry date. They can change at any time as different information becomes available.\n\n## More information about terrorist threat levels\n\nGet more information about terrorism threat levels in the UK on the MI5 website.\n\nYou can also check the government\u2019s travel advice for different countries.\n\n## Counter-terrorism\n\nThe Security Service (MI5) is responsible for protecting the UK against threats to national security.\n\nThe Office for Security and Counter-Terrorism coordinates the government\u2019s response in case of a terrorist incident.\n\nCounter-terrorism laws are enforced by the police.\n\n## Public safety\n\nThe government will issue a warning to the public if that\u2019s the best way to protect a community or a place facing a specific threat.\n\n## Reporting suspected terrorism\n\nIf you suspect someone is involved in terrorism in any way:\n\n- call the police or report your suspicions to them online\n\n- report suspicious activity to MI5\n\n- report online terrorist material\n\nYou can remain anonymous.\n\n## National emergencies\n\n## National Risk Register\n\nThe government regularly assesses the natural hazards and man-made threats that could affect the UK.\n\nThese are published in the National Risk Register. This explains the likelihood of a risk occurring and possible effects of an emergency if it happens.\n\n## Local and central government preparations\n\nYour local council, fire, police and ambulance services and other organisations take part in regular training exercises to prepare for emergencies.\n\nFind out how emergencies are planned for in your area.\n\nYou can also read guidance for local councils on recovery after an emergency.\n\nThere are also government plans to make sure essential services, like food, water, transport, health and financial services, keep working in the event of an emergency.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Terrorism threat levels

    ", + "

    The threat level indicates the likelihood of a terrorist attack in the UK.

    ", + "

    National threat level

    ", + "

    The threat to the UK (England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland) from terrorism is substantial.

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland-related threat level

    ", + "

    The threat to Northern Ireland from Northern Ireland-related terrorism is severe.

    ", + "

    Threat levels

    ", + "

    There are 5 levels of threat:

    ", + "
  • low - an attack is highly unlikely
    • ", + "
  • moderate - an attack is possible but not likely
    • ", + "
  • substantial - an attack is likely
    • ", + "
  • severe - an attack is highly likely
    • ", + "
  • critical - an attack is highly likely in the near future
    • ", + "

    The level is set by the Joint Terrorism Analysis Centre and the Security Service (MI5).

    ", + "

    Threat levels do not have an expiry date. They can change at any time as different information becomes available.

    ", + "

    More information about terrorist threat levels

    ", + "

    Get more information about terrorism threat levels in the UK on the MI5 website.

    ", + "

    You can also check the government\u2019s travel advice for different countries.

    ", + "

    Counter-terrorism

    ", + "

    The Security Service (MI5) is responsible for protecting the UK against threats to national security.

    ", + "

    The Office for Security and Counter-Terrorism coordinates the government\u2019s response in case of a terrorist incident.

    ", + "

    Counter-terrorism laws are enforced by the police.

    ", + "

    Public safety

    ", + "

    The government will issue a warning to the public if that\u2019s the best way to protect a community or a place facing a specific threat.

    ", + "

    Reporting suspected terrorism

    ", + "

    If you suspect someone is involved in terrorism in any way:

    ", + "
  • call the police or report your suspicions to them online
    • ", + "
  • report suspicious activity to MI5
    • ", + "
  • report online terrorist material
    • ", + "

    You can remain anonymous.

    ", + "

    National emergencies

    ", + "

    National Risk Register

    ", + "

    The government regularly assesses the natural hazards and man-made threats that could affect the UK.

    ", + "

    These are published in the National Risk Register. This explains the likelihood of a risk occurring and possible effects of an emergency if it happens.

    ", + "

    Local and central government preparations

    ", + "

    Your local council, fire, police and ambulance services and other organisations take part in regular training exercises to prepare for emergencies.

    ", + "

    Find out how emergencies are planned for in your area.

    ", + "

    You can also read guidance for local councils on recovery after an emergency.

    ", + "

    There are also government plans to make sure essential services, like food, water, transport, health and financial services, keep working in the event of an emergency.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/what-to-do-if-your-vehicle-has-been-stolen": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-to-do-if-your-vehicle-has-been-stolen", + "title": "What to do if your vehicle has been stolen", + "content": "## Report your vehicle as stolen\n\nTell the police and your insurance company straight away if your vehicle has been stolen.\n\n## Call your local police station\n\nDial 101 and ask to be put through to your local police.\n\nMake sure you have your vehicle\u2019s:\n\n- registration number\n\n- make and model\n\n- colour\n\nYou\u2019ll get a crime reference number. You\u2019ll need this when you call your insurance company.\n\nThe police will tell DVLA about the theft and if the vehicle is found.\n\n## Call your insurance company\n\nYour insurance company will tell you how to make an insurance claim.\n\n## Tell DVLA if your insurance company pays out\n\nIf your insurance company pays out a claim for your stolen vehicle, you must tell DVLA it\u2019s been sold to the insurance company.\n\nIf your vehicle had a personalised registration number that you want to keep, you need to get it back before you tell DVLA that you no longer own your vehicle.\n\nYou can tell DVLA online or fill in the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section of your vehicle log book. Send the perforated section to DVLA, with a letter saying when the payment was accepted and details of your insurance company.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give the remaining part of your log book to your insurance company.\n\nIf your insurance company asks for the whole log book then you\u2019ll need to send a letter to DVLA including:\n\n- the details of your insurance company\n\n- the date of the claim\n\n- your registration number\n\n- the make, model and colour of your vehicle\n\n- your signature\n\nSend your letter to:\n\n## Get a vehicle tax refund\n\nYour vehicle tax will be cancelled by DVLA once you tell them you no longer own your vehicle. If you pay by Direct Debit, the Direct Debit will be cancelled automatically.\n\nYou must apply for a refund instead if your vehicle had a personalised registration number that you want to keep.\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically get a refund cheque for any full months left on your vehicle tax. The refund is calculated from the date DVLA gets your information. The cheque is sent to the name and address on the vehicle log book.\n\nYou will not get a refund for:\n\n- any credit card fees\n\n- the 5% surcharge on some Direct Debit payments\n\n- the 10% surcharge on a single 6 month payment\n\n## If you had a private (personalised) registration number\n\nApply to keep your private (personalised) registration number as soon as your vehicle is stolen.\n\nThis means the number will stay in your name so you can assign it to another vehicle later.\n\nYou must apply within 2 years and 6 months of telling DVLA your vehicle has been stolen.\n\nYou can only get your private registration number back if:\n\n- you told the police about the theft\n\n- the vehicle had a valid MOT certificate when it was stolen\n\n- the vehicle had up-to-date vehicle tax when it was stolen\n\n## Apply to keep your registration number\n\nYou can only apply by post. It costs \u00a380.\n\nYou need to send all of the following to DVLA:\n\n- a V317 \u2018transfer or retain a vehicle registration number\u2019 form - the address is on the form\n\n- the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C) or green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip with a completed V62 \u2018application for a vehicle registration certificate V5C\u2019\n\n- the \u00a380 transfer fee\n\n## If you get your stolen vehicle back\n\nIf you\u2019ve already applied to keep your private registration number, you can apply to put it on another vehicle straight away.\n\nYou must apply before your vehicle is sold or scrapped.\n\n## If you do not get your stolen vehicle back\n\nYou must wait 6 months before you can transfer your private registration number to another vehicle. You can only do this by post.\n\n## Tell DVLA you no longer own your vehicle\n\nAfter you get your private registration number back, you can tell DVLA that you no longer own your vehicle.\n\nTell DVLA online or fill in the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section of your vehicle log book and send the perforated section to DVLA.\n\n## Apply for a vehicle tax refund\n\nYou will not automatically get a vehicle tax refund - you\u2019ll need to apply for one.\n\nContact DVLA to get form V33. Complete your form and send it to DVLA. You must include your crime reference number.\n\nCheck that your name and address is correct on your log book - otherwise you will not receive the refund.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your refund in 4 to 6 weeks.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Report your vehicle as stolen

    ", + "

    Tell the police and your insurance company straight away if your vehicle has been stolen.

    ", + "

    Call your local police station

    ", + "

    Dial 101 and ask to be put through to your local police.

    ", + "

    Make sure you have your vehicle\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • registration number
    • ", + "
  • make and model
    • ", + "
  • colour
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a crime reference number. You\u2019ll need this when you call your insurance company.

    ", + "

    The police will tell DVLA about the theft and if the vehicle is found.

    ", + "

    Call your insurance company

    ", + "

    Your insurance company will tell you how to make an insurance claim.

    ", + "

    Tell DVLA if your insurance company pays out

    ", + "

    If your insurance company pays out a claim for your stolen vehicle, you must tell DVLA it\u2019s been sold to the insurance company.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle had a personalised registration number that you want to keep, you need to get it back before you tell DVLA that you no longer own your vehicle.

    ", + "

    You can tell DVLA online or fill in the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section of your vehicle log book. Send the perforated section to DVLA, with a letter saying when the payment was accepted and details of your insurance company.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give the remaining part of your log book to your insurance company.

    ", + "

    If your insurance company asks for the whole log book then you\u2019ll need to send a letter to DVLA including:

    ", + "
  • the details of your insurance company
    • ", + "
  • the date of the claim
    • ", + "
  • your registration number
    • ", + "
  • the make, model and colour of your vehicle
    • ", + "
  • your signature
    • ", + "

    Send your letter to:

    ", + "

    Get a vehicle tax refund

    ", + "

    Your vehicle tax will be cancelled by DVLA once you tell them you no longer own your vehicle. If you pay by Direct Debit, the Direct Debit will be cancelled automatically.

    ", + "

    You must apply for a refund instead if your vehicle had a personalised registration number that you want to keep.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically get a refund cheque for any full months left on your vehicle tax. The refund is calculated from the date DVLA gets your information. The cheque is sent to the name and address on the vehicle log book.

    ", + "

    You will not get a refund for:

    ", + "
  • any credit card fees
    • ", + "
  • the 5% surcharge on some Direct Debit payments
    • ", + "
  • the 10% surcharge on a single 6 month payment
    • ", + "

    If you had a private (personalised) registration number

    ", + "

    Apply to keep your private (personalised) registration number as soon as your vehicle is stolen.

    ", + "

    This means the number will stay in your name so you can assign it to another vehicle later.

    ", + "

    You must apply within 2 years and 6 months of telling DVLA your vehicle has been stolen.

    ", + "

    You can only get your private registration number back if:

    ", + "
  • you told the police about the theft
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle had a valid MOT certificate when it was stolen
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle had up-to-date vehicle tax when it was stolen
    • ", + "

    Apply to keep your registration number

    ", + "

    You can only apply by post. It costs \u00a380.

    ", + "

    You need to send all of the following to DVLA:

    ", + "
  • a V317 \u2018transfer or retain a vehicle registration number\u2019 form - the address is on the form
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C) or green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip with a completed V62 \u2018application for a vehicle registration certificate V5C\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the \u00a380 transfer fee
    • ", + "

    If you get your stolen vehicle back

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already applied to keep your private registration number, you can apply to put it on another vehicle straight away.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your vehicle is sold or scrapped.

    ", + "

    If you do not get your stolen vehicle back

    ", + "

    You must wait 6 months before you can transfer your private registration number to another vehicle. You can only do this by post.

    ", + "

    Tell DVLA you no longer own your vehicle

    ", + "

    After you get your private registration number back, you can tell DVLA that you no longer own your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Tell DVLA online or fill in the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section of your vehicle log book and send the perforated section to DVLA.

    ", + "

    Apply for a vehicle tax refund

    ", + "

    You will not automatically get a vehicle tax refund - you\u2019ll need to apply for one.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA to get form V33. Complete your form and send it to DVLA. You must include your crime reference number.

    ", + "

    Check that your name and address is correct on your log book - otherwise you will not receive the refund.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get your refund in 4 to 6 weeks.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/young-people-in-custody": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/young-people-in-custody", + "title": "Young people in custody", + "content": "## Overview\n\nPeople under 18 who are sentenced to custody are sent to secure centres for young people, not to adult prisons.\n\n## Why young people are sent to custody\n\nA court can give a young person a custodial sentence if:\n\n- the crime is so serious there is no other suitable option\n\n- the young person has committed crimes before\n\n- the judge or magistrate thinks the young person is a risk to the public\n\nA young person can also be sent to custody on remand.\n\nThe Youth Justice Board decides which secure centre a young person will be sent to.\n\nThey will choose somewhere that:\n\n- can deal with the young person\u2019s needs safely, eg if they have a health problem\n\n- is suitable for their age, sex and background\n\n- is as near to their home as possible\n\n## Arriving at custody\n\nThe young person is interviewed by the reception officer as soon as they arrive.\n\nThe reception officer uses this interview to make sure the young person is properly looked after, eg if they need any health care.\n\n## Search\n\nThe young person will have some of their belongings taken away, like their money and phone.\n\nThey will also be searched to make sure they don\u2019t have things like drugs on them.\n\n## Personal officer\n\nWithin the first few days, the young person will meet their personal officer. This person is in charge of the young person\u2019s well-being for as long as they\u2019re in the secure centre.\n\nFind out more about the support that\u2019s available for a young person in custody.\n\n## What custody is like for young people\n\nTime in custody is spent:\n\n- in lessons\n\n- learning skills to get a job or to return to education\n\n- taking part in programmes to improve behaviour\n\n- participating in sport, fitness, and other activities\n\nThere are strict rules about what young people can and can\u2019t do, and they may have to go through alcohol or drug counselling.\n\n## Types of secure centre\n\nThere are 3 types of custody for young people:\n\n- young offender institutions\n\n- secure training centres\n\n- secure children\u2019s homes\n\nYoung offender institutions:\n\n- are run by the Prison Service and private companies\n\n- are for people aged 15 to 21 (people under 18 are held in different buildings)\n\n- house between 60 to 400 people, split into \u2018wings\u2019 of 30 to 60 people\n\nSecure training centres:\n\n- are run by private companies\n\n- are for people aged up to 17\n\n- house between 50 and 80, split into units of 5 to 8 people\n\n- give 30 hours of education and training a week, following a school day timetable\n\nSecure children\u2019s homes:\n\n- run by local councils\n\n- are for people aged 10 to 14\n\n- house between 8 and 40 people\n\n- give 30 hours of education and training a week, following a school day timetable\n\n## Visiting young people in custody\n\nYou must arrange your visit first. Contact the secure centre to find out what you need to do.\n\n## Who can visit\n\nFamily members and friends can ask to visit. If you\u2019re under 18 you have to be accompanied by an adult.\n\nPeople whose job it is to support the young person, like a social worker or legal adviser, can visit them at any time.\n\n## When you can visit\n\nEach centre will have specific times for visiting. They will tell you when these are, and you won\u2019t be allowed to visit outside of these times.\n\n## How often you can visit\n\nUsually, you can visit a young person once a week if you are a family member or friend, but this can vary.\n\n## How many people can visit\n\nGenerally, 3 people are allowed at one time. If you want to bring more people, you will need to get permission first.\n\n## Getting help with travel costs\n\nFamily members can sometimes get help with the costs of visiting, such as train tickets or petrol.\n\nThere are different rules for claiming money back depending on where you visit.\n\n## Travel claims for visiting a young offender institution (YOI)\n\nYou should contact the Prison Service to claim for a visit to a YOI.\n\n## Travel claims for visiting a secure children\u2019s home\n\nYou should contact the young person\u2019s youth offending team to claim for a visit to a secure children\u2019s home.\n\nThe document \u2018AVS1 - Assisted visits scheme information for relatives\u2019 will give you information on this. You need to complete form AVS2.\n\n## Travel claims for visiting a secure training centre (STC)\n\nCall the STC you\u2019re visiting on one of the following numbers. Ask for the STC monitor - they\u2019ll tell you how to make a claim and what it covers.\n\n- Oakhill: 01908 866 021\n\n- Rainsbrook: 01788 528 806\n\n- Medway: 01634 823 305\n\nFind out about call charges.\n\nYou may get help claiming the cost of a train journey before you travel. You can also\nclaim back the cost of your travel after your visit.\n\nYou could get help with registered childminder costs if you have young children.\n\n## If the young person is on remand\n\nContact the young person\u2019s youth offending team, who can organise a visit.\n\nYou can\u2019t get help with your travel costs if the young person you\u2019re visiting is on remand.\n\n## Advice and support\n\nFor advice or support, a young person can speak to a member of staff, for example:\n\n- their personal officer\n\n- a chaplain, social worker or teacher\n\n- a doctor, nurse or other health worker\n\nThe personal officer is the person in charge of the young person\u2019s well-being.\n\nChaplains provide support to everyone, whatever their faith. A young person can ask to speak to a chaplain of their own faith if they want.\n\n## Support from the youth offending team\n\nSomeone from the local youth offending team will stay in contact with the young person while they\u2019re in custody. The young person can get in touch with them whenever they need.\n\n## Friends and family\n\nA young person will be able to contact their family regularly, and can arrange for them to visit.\n\n## Advocacy services\n\nYoung people can also speak to someone from an advocacy service.\n\n## Advocacy services\n\nAdvocacy services are run by children\u2019s charities and are confidential.\n\nA young person in custody can ask an advocacy service for help if they:\n\n- feel they can\u2019t speak for themselves\n\n- don\u2019t understand something\n\n- can\u2019t make themselves understood\n\n## How to get in touch\n\nPeople from an advocacy service regularly visit secure centres so young people can meet them. Young people can also telephone them.\n\nBarnardo\u2019s\nTelephone: 0808 168 2694 \nFind out about call charges\n\nThis number is for young people in young offender institutions (YOIs) or secure training centres (STCs). The phone number is different for young people in a secure children\u2019s home - they need to ask a member of staff for the number.\n\n## Other people to call\n\nYoung people and their families can also contact other organisations for help.\n\n## Organisations that can help\n\nThe Howard League might be able to offer legal advice and help to people under 18 in custody.\n\nThe Prison Reform Trust and Nacro offer advice and support to young people and their families, but can\u2019t give legal advice.\n\nFind out about call charges.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    People under 18 who are sentenced to custody are sent to secure centres for young people, not to adult prisons.

    ", + "

    Why young people are sent to custody

    ", + "

    A court can give a young person a custodial sentence if:

    ", + "
  • the crime is so serious there is no other suitable option
    • ", + "
  • the young person has committed crimes before
    • ", + "
  • the judge or magistrate thinks the young person is a risk to the public
    • ", + "

    A young person can also be sent to custody on remand.

    ", + "

    The Youth Justice Board decides which secure centre a young person will be sent to.

    ", + "

    They will choose somewhere that:

    ", + "
  • can deal with the young person\u2019s needs safely, eg if they have a health problem
    • ", + "
  • is suitable for their age, sex and background
    • ", + "
  • is as near to their home as possible
    • ", + "

    Arriving at custody

    ", + "

    The young person is interviewed by the reception officer as soon as they arrive.

    ", + "

    The reception officer uses this interview to make sure the young person is properly looked after, eg if they need any health care.

    ", + "

    Search

    ", + "

    The young person will have some of their belongings taken away, like their money and phone.

    ", + "

    They will also be searched to make sure they don\u2019t have things like drugs on them.

    ", + "

    Personal officer

    ", + "

    Within the first few days, the young person will meet their personal officer. This person is in charge of the young person\u2019s well-being for as long as they\u2019re in the secure centre.

    ", + "

    Find out more about the support that\u2019s available for a young person in custody.

    ", + "

    What custody is like for young people

    ", + "

    Time in custody is spent:

    ", + "
  • in lessons
    • ", + "
  • learning skills to get a job or to return to education
    • ", + "
  • taking part in programmes to improve behaviour
    • ", + "
  • participating in sport, fitness, and other activities
    • ", + "

    There are strict rules about what young people can and can\u2019t do, and they may have to go through alcohol or drug counselling.

    ", + "

    Types of secure centre

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of custody for young people:

    ", + "
  • young offender institutions
    • ", + "
  • secure training centres
    • ", + "
  • secure children\u2019s homes
    • ", + "

    Young offender institutions:

    ", + "
  • are run by the Prison Service and private companies
    • ", + "
  • are for people aged 15 to 21 (people under 18 are held in different buildings)
    • ", + "
  • house between 60 to 400 people, split into \u2018wings\u2019 of 30 to 60 people
    • ", + "

    Secure training centres:

    ", + "
  • are run by private companies
    • ", + "
  • are for people aged up to 17
    • ", + "
  • house between 50 and 80, split into units of 5 to 8 people
    • ", + "
  • give 30 hours of education and training a week, following a school day timetable
    • ", + "

    Secure children\u2019s homes:

    ", + "
  • run by local councils
    • ", + "
  • are for people aged 10 to 14
    • ", + "
  • house between 8 and 40 people
    • ", + "
  • give 30 hours of education and training a week, following a school day timetable
    • ", + "

    Visiting young people in custody

    ", + "

    You must arrange your visit first. Contact the secure centre to find out what you need to do.

    ", + "

    Who can visit

    ", + "

    Family members and friends can ask to visit. If you\u2019re under 18 you have to be accompanied by an adult.

    ", + "

    People whose job it is to support the young person, like a social worker or legal adviser, can visit them at any time.

    ", + "

    When you can visit

    ", + "

    Each centre will have specific times for visiting. They will tell you when these are, and you won\u2019t be allowed to visit outside of these times.

    ", + "

    How often you can visit

    ", + "

    Usually, you can visit a young person once a week if you are a family member or friend, but this can vary.

    ", + "

    How many people can visit

    ", + "

    Generally, 3 people are allowed at one time. If you want to bring more people, you will need to get permission first.

    ", + "

    Getting help with travel costs

    ", + "

    Family members can sometimes get help with the costs of visiting, such as train tickets or petrol.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for claiming money back depending on where you visit.

    ", + "

    Travel claims for visiting a young offender institution (YOI)

    ", + "

    You should contact the Prison Service to claim for a visit to a YOI.

    ", + "

    Travel claims for visiting a secure children\u2019s home

    ", + "

    You should contact the young person\u2019s youth offending team to claim for a visit to a secure children\u2019s home.

    ", + "

    The document \u2018AVS1 - Assisted visits scheme information for relatives\u2019 will give you information on this. You need to complete form AVS2.

    ", + "

    Travel claims for visiting a secure training centre (STC)

    ", + "

    Call the STC you\u2019re visiting on one of the following numbers. Ask for the STC monitor - they\u2019ll tell you how to make a claim and what it covers.

    ", + "
  • Oakhill: 01908 866 021
    • ", + "
  • Rainsbrook: 01788 528 806
    • ", + "
  • Medway: 01634 823 305
    • ", + "

    Find out about call charges.

    ", + "

    You may get help claiming the cost of a train journey before you travel. You can also\nclaim back the cost of your travel after your visit.

    ", + "

    You could get help with registered childminder costs if you have young children.

    ", + "

    If the young person is on remand

    ", + "

    Contact the young person\u2019s youth offending team, who can organise a visit.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t get help with your travel costs if the young person you\u2019re visiting is on remand.

    ", + "

    Advice and support

    ", + "

    For advice or support, a young person can speak to a member of staff, for example:

    ", + "
  • their personal officer
    • ", + "
  • a chaplain, social worker or teacher
    • ", + "
  • a doctor, nurse or other health worker
    • ", + "

    The personal officer is the person in charge of the young person\u2019s well-being.

    ", + "

    Chaplains provide support to everyone, whatever their faith. A young person can ask to speak to a chaplain of their own faith if they want.

    ", + "

    Support from the youth offending team

    ", + "

    Someone from the local youth offending team will stay in contact with the young person while they\u2019re in custody. The young person can get in touch with them whenever they need.

    ", + "

    Friends and family

    ", + "

    A young person will be able to contact their family regularly, and can arrange for them to visit.

    ", + "

    Advocacy services

    ", + "

    Young people can also speak to someone from an advocacy service.

    ", + "

    Advocacy services

    ", + "

    Advocacy services are run by children\u2019s charities and are confidential.

    ", + "

    A young person in custody can ask an advocacy service for help if they:

    ", + "
  • feel they can\u2019t speak for themselves
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t understand something
    • ", + "
  • can\u2019t make themselves understood
    • ", + "

    How to get in touch

    ", + "

    People from an advocacy service regularly visit secure centres so young people can meet them. Young people can also telephone them.

    ", + "

    Barnardo\u2019s\nTelephone: 0808 168 2694 \nFind out about call charges

    ", + "

    This number is for young people in young offender institutions (YOIs) or secure training centres (STCs). The phone number is different for young people in a secure children\u2019s home - they need to ask a member of staff for the number.

    ", + "

    Other people to call

    ", + "

    Young people and their families can also contact other organisations for help.

    ", + "

    Organisations that can help

    ", + "

    The Howard League might be able to offer legal advice and help to people under 18 in custody.

    ", + "

    The Prison Reform Trust and Nacro offer advice and support to young people and their families, but can\u2019t give legal advice.

    ", + "

    Find out about call charges.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/youth-crime-prevention-programmes": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/youth-crime-prevention-programmes", + "title": "Youth crime prevention programmes", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThere are various prevention programmes that work to keep young people away from crime. They are run within local communities, and can involve parents and families.\n\nYoung people are placed on these programmes if:\n\n- they have been in trouble with the police\n\n- they\u2019re \u2018at risk\u2019 of committing a crime\n\n- they\u2019re involved in anti-social behaviour\n\nAttending one of these programmes is voluntary. The young person and their parents or carers have to be happy with everything before it starts.\n\nMany programmes are run by the council\u2019s local youth offending team or by other local organisations like youth charities.\n\nTo find out about youth crime prevention programmes in your area, contact your local youth offending team.\n\n## How young people are put on a programme\n\nYoung people are usually sent - or \u2018referred\u2019 - to one of these programmes by the police or the youth offending team.\n\nHowever, they can also be referred by a teacher, social worker or parent.\n\n## Assessment - making sure it\u2019s the right programme\n\nBefore anything happens, the youth workers running the prevention programme will assess the young person to:\n\n- make sure a prevention programme will help\n\n- decide which type of support will be most suitable\n\nThe young person will be involved in the assessment and will be asked questions about their life and background.\n\n## What these programmes are and how they work\n\nYouth crime prevention programmes have different names and do different things, but they all involve activities to help keep young people away from crime. Young people can also learn new skills or get advice about school or jobs.\n\nSome are run in groups while others are for just one young person supervised by an adult.\n\nTwo of the main prevention programmes are \u2018youth inclusion programmes\u2019 and \u2018youth inclusion and support panels\u2019, although there are many others.\n\n## Youth inclusion programmes\n\nThese are for 8 to 17 year-olds and usually last for set lengths of time, eg 6 months. Sometimes a young person can attend for longer if they need to, if they find the activities helpful.\n\n## Youth inclusion and support panels\n\nThese panels - made up of people like local youth or social workers - work with 8 to 13 year-olds to make sure they get access to local services that will help them stay out of trouble. These services could be things like getting extra help at school, or treatment for health or mental health problems.\n\nBoth these programmes use something called an \u2018intervention plan\u2019 that everyone must agree on, including the young person and their family. This plan describes what the young person is expected to do, as well as what support the young person will get.\n\nYoung people can also be mentored, and sometimes their families can also be involved.\n\n## Mentoring\n\nA mentor is a specially trained volunteer who spends time helping someone.\n\nThey can help a young person with things like:\n\n- doing better at school\n\n- coping with bullying\n\n- applying for jobs or colleges\n\nSometimes this personal help can be more effective than sending a young person on a group activity. A mentoring programme doesn\u2019t usually have a set time limit - a young person can be mentored for as long as is helpful.\n\nMentors are not connected to the police or a school.\n\n## Involving parents and families\n\nUsually, parents and families will be involved in helping a young person on a crime prevention programme. This could mean anything from attending classes with their child, to just making sure the young person does what they are asked.\n\n## Parenting programmes\n\nIf a young person gets into trouble with the law, their parents or carers might be asked to go on a parenting programme. Usually, they will be asked to attend voluntarily, but sometimes they will have to go.\n\nThis can be part of a youth crime prevention programme, and sometimes it will be separate.\n\nHow these programmes work will change from person to person, and will be planned in a way that\u2019s right for the young person and their family. They could involve:\n\n- improving parenting skills\n\n- making sure nothing at home is causing the young person to commit crime", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    There are various prevention programmes that work to keep young people away from crime. They are run within local communities, and can involve parents and families.

    ", + "

    Young people are placed on these programmes if:

    ", + "
  • they have been in trouble with the police
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re \u2018at risk\u2019 of committing a crime
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re involved in anti-social behaviour
    • ", + "

    Attending one of these programmes is voluntary. The young person and their parents or carers have to be happy with everything before it starts.

    ", + "

    Many programmes are run by the council\u2019s local youth offending team or by other local organisations like youth charities.

    ", + "

    To find out about youth crime prevention programmes in your area, contact your local youth offending team.

    ", + "

    How young people are put on a programme

    ", + "

    Young people are usually sent - or \u2018referred\u2019 - to one of these programmes by the police or the youth offending team.

    ", + "

    However, they can also be referred by a teacher, social worker or parent.

    ", + "

    Assessment - making sure it\u2019s the right programme

    ", + "

    Before anything happens, the youth workers running the prevention programme will assess the young person to:

    ", + "
  • make sure a prevention programme will help
    • ", + "
  • decide which type of support will be most suitable
    • ", + "

    The young person will be involved in the assessment and will be asked questions about their life and background.

    ", + "

    What these programmes are and how they work

    ", + "

    Youth crime prevention programmes have different names and do different things, but they all involve activities to help keep young people away from crime. Young people can also learn new skills or get advice about school or jobs.

    ", + "

    Some are run in groups while others are for just one young person supervised by an adult.

    ", + "

    Two of the main prevention programmes are \u2018youth inclusion programmes\u2019 and \u2018youth inclusion and support panels\u2019, although there are many others.

    ", + "

    Youth inclusion programmes

    ", + "

    These are for 8 to 17 year-olds and usually last for set lengths of time, eg 6 months. Sometimes a young person can attend for longer if they need to, if they find the activities helpful.

    ", + "

    Youth inclusion and support panels

    ", + "

    These panels - made up of people like local youth or social workers - work with 8 to 13 year-olds to make sure they get access to local services that will help them stay out of trouble. These services could be things like getting extra help at school, or treatment for health or mental health problems.

    ", + "

    Both these programmes use something called an \u2018intervention plan\u2019 that everyone must agree on, including the young person and their family. This plan describes what the young person is expected to do, as well as what support the young person will get.

    ", + "

    Young people can also be mentored, and sometimes their families can also be involved.

    ", + "

    Mentoring

    ", + "

    A mentor is a specially trained volunteer who spends time helping someone.

    ", + "

    They can help a young person with things like:

    ", + "
  • doing better at school
    • ", + "
  • coping with bullying
    • ", + "
  • applying for jobs or colleges
    • ", + "

    Sometimes this personal help can be more effective than sending a young person on a group activity. A mentoring programme doesn\u2019t usually have a set time limit - a young person can be mentored for as long as is helpful.

    ", + "

    Mentors are not connected to the police or a school.

    ", + "

    Involving parents and families

    ", + "

    Usually, parents and families will be involved in helping a young person on a crime prevention programme. This could mean anything from attending classes with their child, to just making sure the young person does what they are asked.

    ", + "

    Parenting programmes

    ", + "

    If a young person gets into trouble with the law, their parents or carers might be asked to go on a parenting programme. Usually, they will be asked to attend voluntarily, but sometimes they will have to go.

    ", + "

    This can be part of a youth crime prevention programme, and sometimes it will be separate.

    ", + "

    How these programmes work will change from person to person, and will be planned in a way that\u2019s right for the young person and their family. They could involve:

    ", + "
  • improving parenting skills
    • ", + "
  • making sure nothing at home is causing the young person to commit crime
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/arrested-your-rights": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/arrested-your-rights", + "title": "Being arrested: your rights", + "content": "## When you're arrested\n\nIf you\u2019re arrested, you\u2019ll usually be taken to a police station, held in custody in a cell and then questioned.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve been taken to a police station, you may be released or charged with a crime.\n\nThe\u00a0law on being arrested is different in Scotland.\n\n## Your rights in custody\n\nThe custody officer at the police station must explain your rights. You have the right to:\n\n- get free legal advice\n\n- tell someone where you are\n\n- have medical help if you\u2019re feeling ill\n\n- see the rules the police must follow (\u2018Codes of Practice\u2019)\n\n- see a written notice telling you about your rights, eg regular breaks for food and to use the toilet (you can ask for a notice in your language) or an interpreter to explain the notice\n\nYou\u2019ll be searched and your possessions will be kept by the police custody officer while you\u2019re in the cell.\n\n## Young people under 18 and vulnerable adults\n\nThe police must try to contact your parent, guardian or carer if you\u2019re under 18 or a vulnerable adult.\n\nThey must also find an \u2018appropriate adult\u2019 to come to the station to help you and be present during questioning and searching. An appropriate adult can be:\n\n- your parent, guardian or carer\n\n- a social worker\n\n- another family member or friend aged 18 or over\n\n- a volunteer aged 18 or over\n\nThe National Appropriate Adult Network provides appropriate adult services in England and Wales.\n\n## Your rights when being questioned\n\nThe police may question you about the crime you\u2019re suspected of - this will be recorded. You don\u2019t have to answer the questions but there could be consequences if you don\u2019t. The police must explain this to you by reading you the police caution:\n\n\u201cYou do not have to say anything. But, it may harm your defence if you do not mention when questioned something which you later rely on in court. Anything you do say may be given in evidence.\u201d\n\n## How long you can be held in custody\n\nThe police can hold you for up to 24 hours before they have to charge you with a crime or release you.\n\nThey can apply to hold you for up to 36 or 96 hours if you\u2019re suspected of a serious crime, eg murder.\n\nYou can be held without charge for up to 14 days If you\u2019re arrested under the Terrorism Act.\n\n## When you can be released on bail\n\nThe police can release you on police bail if there\u2019s not enough evidence to charge you. You don\u2019t have to pay to be released on police bail, but you\u2019ll have to return to the station for further questioning when asked.\n\nYou can be released on conditional bail if the police charge you and think that you may:\n\n- commit another offence\n\n- fail to turn up at court\n\n- intimidate other witnesses\n\n- obstruct the course of justice\n\nThis means your freedom will be restricted in some way, eg they can impose a curfew on you if your offence was committed at night.\n\n## Giving fingerprints, photographs and samples\n\nThe police have the right to take photographs of you. They can also take fingerprints and a DNA sample (eg from a mouth swab or head hair root) from you as well as swab the skin surface of your hands and arms. They don\u2019t need your permission to do this.\n\nThe police need both your permission and the authority of a senior police officer to take samples like blood or urine, or to take dental impressions.\n\nThis doesn\u2019t apply when they take a blood or urine sample in connection with drink or drug driving.\n\nInformation from fingerprints and samples is stored in a police database.\n\nYou can find out if your information is stored on the police database by getting a copy of your police records from your local police station.\n\nYou have to write to your local police (England, Wales and Northern Ireland) or local police (Scotland) to have your personal information removed from the police database.\n\nThey\u2019ll only do this if an offence no longer exists or if anything in the police process (eg how you were arrested or detained) was unlawful.\n\n## Legal advice at the police station\n\n## Your right to free legal advice\n\nYou have the right to free legal advice (legal aid) if you\u2019re questioned at a police station. You can change your mind later if you turn it down.\n\n## How you can get free legal advice\n\nYou must be told about your right to free legal advice after you\u2019re arrested and before you\u2019re questioned at a police station. You can:\n\n- ask for the police station\u2019s \u2018duty solicitor\u2019 - they\u2019re available 24 hours a day and independent of the police\n\n- tell the police you would like legal advice - the police will contact the Defence Solicitor Call Centre (DSCC)\n\n- ask the police to contact a solicitor, eg your own one\n\nYou may be offered legal advice over the phone instead of a duty solicitor if you\u2019re suspected of having committed a less serious offence, eg being disorderly. The advice is free and independent of the police.\n\n## Being questioned without legal advice\n\nOnce you\u2019ve asked for legal advice, the police can\u2019t question you until you\u2019ve got it - with some exceptions.\n\nThe police can make you wait for legal advice in serious cases, but only if a senior officer agrees.\n\nThe longest you can be made to wait before getting legal advice is 36 hours after arriving at the police station (or 48 hours for suspected terrorism).\n\nYou have the right to free legal advice if you are questioned by the police.\n\n## Complaining about your treatment by the police\n\nContact the police force you want to complain about if you\u2019re unhappy about how the police have treated you.\n\nPolice forces must refer certain types of complaints to the Independent Office for Police Conduct (IOPC).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you're arrested

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re arrested, you\u2019ll usually be taken to a police station, held in custody in a cell and then questioned.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve been taken to a police station, you may be released or charged with a crime.

    ", + "

    The\u00a0law on being arrested is different in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Your rights in custody

    ", + "

    The custody officer at the police station must explain your rights. You have the right to:

    ", + "
  • get free legal advice
    • ", + "
  • tell someone where you are
    • ", + "
  • have medical help if you\u2019re feeling ill
    • ", + "
  • see the rules the police must follow (\u2018Codes of Practice\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • see a written notice telling you about your rights, eg regular breaks for food and to use the toilet (you can ask for a notice in your language) or an interpreter to explain the notice
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be searched and your possessions will be kept by the police custody officer while you\u2019re in the cell.

    ", + "

    Young people under 18 and vulnerable adults

    ", + "

    The police must try to contact your parent, guardian or carer if you\u2019re under 18 or a vulnerable adult.

    ", + "

    They must also find an \u2018appropriate adult\u2019 to come to the station to help you and be present during questioning and searching. An appropriate adult can be:

    ", + "
  • your parent, guardian or carer
    • ", + "
  • a social worker
    • ", + "
  • another family member or friend aged 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • a volunteer aged 18 or over
    • ", + "

    The National Appropriate Adult Network provides appropriate adult services in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    Your rights when being questioned

    ", + "

    The police may question you about the crime you\u2019re suspected of - this will be recorded. You don\u2019t have to answer the questions but there could be consequences if you don\u2019t. The police must explain this to you by reading you the police caution:

    ", + "

    \u201cYou do not have to say anything. But, it may harm your defence if you do not mention when questioned something which you later rely on in court. Anything you do say may be given in evidence.\u201d

    ", + "

    How long you can be held in custody

    ", + "

    The police can hold you for up to 24 hours before they have to charge you with a crime or release you.

    ", + "

    They can apply to hold you for up to 36 or 96 hours if you\u2019re suspected of a serious crime, eg murder.

    ", + "

    You can be held without charge for up to 14 days If you\u2019re arrested under the Terrorism Act.

    ", + "

    When you can be released on bail

    ", + "

    The police can release you on police bail if there\u2019s not enough evidence to charge you. You don\u2019t have to pay to be released on police bail, but you\u2019ll have to return to the station for further questioning when asked.

    ", + "

    You can be released on conditional bail if the police charge you and think that you may:

    ", + "
  • commit another offence
    • ", + "
  • fail to turn up at court
    • ", + "
  • intimidate other witnesses
    • ", + "
  • obstruct the course of justice
    • ", + "

    This means your freedom will be restricted in some way, eg they can impose a curfew on you if your offence was committed at night.

    ", + "

    Giving fingerprints, photographs and samples

    ", + "

    The police have the right to take photographs of you. They can also take fingerprints and a DNA sample (eg from a mouth swab or head hair root) from you as well as swab the skin surface of your hands and arms. They don\u2019t need your permission to do this.

    ", + "

    The police need both your permission and the authority of a senior police officer to take samples like blood or urine, or to take dental impressions.

    ", + "

    This doesn\u2019t apply when they take a blood or urine sample in connection with drink or drug driving.

    ", + "

    Information from fingerprints and samples is stored in a police database.

    ", + "

    You can find out if your information is stored on the police database by getting a copy of your police records from your local police station.

    ", + "

    You have to write to your local police (England, Wales and Northern Ireland) or local police (Scotland) to have your personal information removed from the police database.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll only do this if an offence no longer exists or if anything in the police process (eg how you were arrested or detained) was unlawful.

    ", + "

    Legal advice at the police station

    ", + "

    Your right to free legal advice

    ", + "

    You have the right to free legal advice (legal aid) if you\u2019re questioned at a police station. You can change your mind later if you turn it down.

    ", + "

    How you can get free legal advice

    ", + "

    You must be told about your right to free legal advice after you\u2019re arrested and before you\u2019re questioned at a police station. You can:

    ", + "
  • ask for the police station\u2019s \u2018duty solicitor\u2019 - they\u2019re available 24 hours a day and independent of the police
    • ", + "
  • tell the police you would like legal advice - the police will contact the Defence Solicitor Call Centre (DSCC)
    • ", + "
  • ask the police to contact a solicitor, eg your own one
    • ", + "

    You may be offered legal advice over the phone instead of a duty solicitor if you\u2019re suspected of having committed a less serious offence, eg being disorderly. The advice is free and independent of the police.

    ", + "

    Being questioned without legal advice

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve asked for legal advice, the police can\u2019t question you until you\u2019ve got it - with some exceptions.

    ", + "

    The police can make you wait for legal advice in serious cases, but only if a senior officer agrees.

    ", + "

    The longest you can be made to wait before getting legal advice is 36 hours after arriving at the police station (or 48 hours for suspected terrorism).

    ", + "

    You have the right to free legal advice if you are questioned by the police.

    ", + "

    Complaining about your treatment by the police

    ", + "

    Contact the police force you want to complain about if you\u2019re unhappy about how the police have treated you.

    ", + "

    Police forces must refer certain types of complaints to the Independent Office for Police Conduct (IOPC).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/stopped-by-police-while-driving-your-rights": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stopped-by-police-while-driving-your-rights", + "title": "Being stopped by the police while driving", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe police can stop a vehicle for any reason. If they ask you to stop, you should always pull over when it\u2019s safe to do so. You\u2019re breaking the law if you do not stop.\n\nIf you\u2019re stopped, the police can ask to see your:\n\n- driving licence\n\n- insurance certificate\n\n- MOT certificate\n\nIf you do not have these documents with you, you have 7 days to take them to a police station. You\u2019re breaking the law if you do not show the requested documents within 7 days.\n\nThe police can also give you an on-the-spot fixed penalty notice for many minor offences and make you take a breath test in certain circumstances.\n\nYou can also have your vehicle seized if you\u2019re stopped on suspicion of driving without insurance and for some other offences.\n\n## Breath tests\n\nThe police can stop you at any time and ask you to take a breath test (\u2018breathalyse\u2019 you) if:\n\n- they think you\u2019ve been drinking\n\n- you\u2019ve committed a traffic offence\n\n- you\u2019ve been involved in a road traffic accident\n\nIf you refuse to take a breath test, or fail to supply a sample of breath and do not have a \u2018reasonable excuse\u2019, you can be arrested. A reasonable excuse could be a genuine physical or mental condition stopping you from giving a sample.\n\nThe breath test gives a result straight away. If it shows you\u2019re not over the drink drive limit, you may be allowed to go.\n\nIf you fail the breath test, you\u2019ll be taken to a police station and given a final breath test. If it\u2019s positive, you will be charged.\n\nIf the officer thinks you\u2019re under the influence of alcohol or drugs, they can ask you to:\n\n- take a drug test\n\n- do a physical test (a \u2018field impairment test\u2019), for example walk in a straight line then turn around and walk back\n\nYou can be arrested if you fail the test.\n\nIf you fail a breath test you cannot drive your car until you\u2019re sober. You can ask someone else to collect your car for you.\n\n## Minor motoring offences\n\nThe police can give you a \u2018fixed penalty notice\u2019 for less serious traffic offences, including for:\n\n- careless or inconsiderate driving\n\n- using a mobile phone while driving\n\n- not wearing a seat belt\n\n- driving too close to another vehicle\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3200 and get penalty points on your licence if you get a fixed penalty notice - you may be disqualified from driving if you build up 12 points within 3 years.\n\nThe police can also decide to:\n\n- take no action\n\n- issue a warning\n\n- offer driver training\n\n- charge you with an offence\n\nYou can choose not to pay the fixed penalty if you believe that it was given unjustly, but you\u2019ll have to argue your case in court.\n\n## Faults with your vehicle\n\nIf your vehicle has something wrong with it, for example a broken brake light, the police may give you a \u2018vehicle defect rectification notice\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get your vehicle fixed and provide proof that it\u2019s been fixed, for example a receipt for the work from a mechanic. You have 14 days from the date of the notice to show the proof to the police.\n\n## When the police can seize your vehicle\n\nThe police can seize a vehicle if they think it\u2019s being used in a way that causes alarm, harassment or distress, for example careless or inconsiderate driving.\n\nThey can also seize a vehicle if they think it\u2019s:\n\n- being driven by someone who does not have a proper licence or insurance\n\n- dangerously, illegally or obstructively parked\n\n- broken-down or abandoned\n\nIf your vehicle is seized there\u2019s a \u2018release fee\u2019 of up to \u00a3200 plus a storage fee of \u00a320 for every day or part day.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The police can stop a vehicle for any reason. If they ask you to stop, you should always pull over when it\u2019s safe to do so. You\u2019re breaking the law if you do not stop.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re stopped, the police can ask to see your:

    ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • insurance certificate
    • ", + "
  • MOT certificate
    • ", + "

    If you do not have these documents with you, you have 7 days to take them to a police station. You\u2019re breaking the law if you do not show the requested documents within 7 days.

    ", + "

    The police can also give you an on-the-spot fixed penalty notice for many minor offences and make you take a breath test in certain circumstances.

    ", + "

    You can also have your vehicle seized if you\u2019re stopped on suspicion of driving without insurance and for some other offences.

    ", + "

    Breath tests

    ", + "

    The police can stop you at any time and ask you to take a breath test (\u2018breathalyse\u2019 you) if:

    ", + "
  • they think you\u2019ve been drinking
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve committed a traffic offence
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been involved in a road traffic accident
    • ", + "

    If you refuse to take a breath test, or fail to supply a sample of breath and do not have a \u2018reasonable excuse\u2019, you can be arrested. A reasonable excuse could be a genuine physical or mental condition stopping you from giving a sample.

    ", + "

    The breath test gives a result straight away. If it shows you\u2019re not over the drink drive limit, you may be allowed to go.

    ", + "

    If you fail the breath test, you\u2019ll be taken to a police station and given a final breath test. If it\u2019s positive, you will be charged.

    ", + "

    If the officer thinks you\u2019re under the influence of alcohol or drugs, they can ask you to:

    ", + "
  • take a drug test
    • ", + "
  • do a physical test (a \u2018field impairment test\u2019), for example walk in a straight line then turn around and walk back
    • ", + "

    You can be arrested if you fail the test.

    ", + "

    If you fail a breath test you cannot drive your car until you\u2019re sober. You can ask someone else to collect your car for you.

    ", + "

    Minor motoring offences

    ", + "

    The police can give you a \u2018fixed penalty notice\u2019 for less serious traffic offences, including for:

    ", + "
  • careless or inconsiderate driving
    • ", + "
  • using a mobile phone while driving
    • ", + "
  • not wearing a seat belt
    • ", + "
  • driving too close to another vehicle
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a3200 and get penalty points on your licence if you get a fixed penalty notice - you may be disqualified from driving if you build up 12 points within 3 years.

    ", + "

    The police can also decide to:

    ", + "
  • take no action
    • ", + "
  • issue a warning
    • ", + "
  • offer driver training
    • ", + "
  • charge you with an offence
    • ", + "

    You can choose not to pay the fixed penalty if you believe that it was given unjustly, but you\u2019ll have to argue your case in court.

    ", + "

    Faults with your vehicle

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has something wrong with it, for example a broken brake light, the police may give you a \u2018vehicle defect rectification notice\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get your vehicle fixed and provide proof that it\u2019s been fixed, for example a receipt for the work from a mechanic. You have 14 days from the date of the notice to show the proof to the police.

    ", + "

    When the police can seize your vehicle

    ", + "

    The police can seize a vehicle if they think it\u2019s being used in a way that causes alarm, harassment or distress, for example careless or inconsiderate driving.

    ", + "

    They can also seize a vehicle if they think it\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • being driven by someone who does not have a proper licence or insurance
    • ", + "
  • dangerously, illegally or obstructively parked
    • ", + "
  • broken-down or abandoned
    • ", + "

    If your vehicle is seized there\u2019s a \u2018release fee\u2019 of up to \u00a3200 plus a storage fee of \u00a320 for every day or part day.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/data-protection": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/data-protection", + "title": "Data protection", + "content": "## The Data Protection Act\n\nThe Data Protection Act 2018 controls how your personal information is used by organisations, businesses or the government.\n\nThe Data Protection Act 2018 is the UK\u2019s implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).\n\nEveryone responsible for using personal data has to follow strict rules called \u2018data protection principles\u2019. They must make sure the information is:\n\n- used fairly, lawfully and transparently\n\n- used for specified, explicit purposes\n\n- used in a way that is adequate, relevant and limited to only what is necessary\n\n- accurate and, where necessary, kept up to date\n\n- kept for no longer than is necessary\n\n- handled in a way that ensures appropriate security, including protection against unlawful or unauthorised processing, access, loss, destruction or damage\n\nThere is stronger legal protection for more sensitive information, such as:\n\n- race\n\n- ethnic background\n\n- political opinions\n\n- religious beliefs\n\n- trade union membership\n\n- genetics\n\n- biometrics (where used for identification)\n\n- health\n\n- sex life or orientation\n\nThere are separate safeguards for personal data relating to criminal convictions and offences.\n\n## Your rights\n\nUnder the Data Protection Act 2018, you have the right to find out what information the government and other organisations store about you. These include the right to:\n\n- be informed about how your data is being used\n\n- access personal data\n\n- have incorrect data updated\n\n- have data erased\n\n- stop or restrict the processing of your data\n\n- data portability (allowing you to get and reuse your data for different services)\n\n- object to how your data is processed in certain circumstances\n\nYou also have rights when an organisation is using your personal data for:\n\n- automated decision-making processes (without human involvement)\n\n- profiling, for example to predict your behaviour or interests\n\n## Find out what data an organisation has about you\n\nWrite to an organisation to ask for a copy of the information they hold about you.\n\nIf it\u2019s a public organisation, write to their Data Protection Officer (DPO). Their details should be on the organisation\u2019s privacy notice.\n\nIf the organisation has no DPO, or you do not know who to write to, address your letter to the company secretary.\n\n## How long it should take\n\nThe organisation must give you a copy of the data they hold about you as soon as possible, and within 1 month at most.\n\nIn certain circumstances, for example particularly complex or multiple requests, the organisation can take a further 2 months to provide data. In this case, they must tell you:\n\n- within 1 month of your request\n\n- why there\u2019s a delay\n\n## When information can be withheld\n\nThere are some situations when organisations are allowed to withhold information, for example if the information is about:\n\n- the prevention, detection or investigation of a crime\n\n- national security or the armed forces\n\n- the assessment or collection of tax\n\n- judicial or ministerial appointments\n\nAn organisation does not have to say why they\u2019re withholding information.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nRequests for information are usually free. However, organisations can charge an administrative cost in some circumstances, for example if:\n\n- you\u2019re asking for a large amount of information\n\n- your request will take a lot of time and effort to process\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nIf you think your data has been misused or that the organisation holding it has not kept it secure, you should contact them and tell them.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with their response or if you need any advice you should contact the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO).\n\nYou can also chat online with an advisor.\n\nThe ICO can investigate your claim and take action against anyone who\u2019s misused personal data.\n\nYou can also visit their website for information on how to make a data protection complaint.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    The Data Protection Act

    ", + "

    The Data Protection Act 2018 controls how your personal information is used by organisations, businesses or the government.

    ", + "

    The Data Protection Act 2018 is the UK\u2019s implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).

    ", + "

    Everyone responsible for using personal data has to follow strict rules called \u2018data protection principles\u2019. They must make sure the information is:

    ", + "
  • used fairly, lawfully and transparently
    • ", + "
  • used for specified, explicit purposes
    • ", + "
  • used in a way that is adequate, relevant and limited to only what is necessary
    • ", + "
  • accurate and, where necessary, kept up to date
    • ", + "
  • kept for no longer than is necessary
    • ", + "
  • handled in a way that ensures appropriate security, including protection against unlawful or unauthorised processing, access, loss, destruction or damage
    • ", + "

    There is stronger legal protection for more sensitive information, such as:

    ", + "
  • race
    • ", + "
  • ethnic background
    • ", + "
  • political opinions
    • ", + "
  • religious beliefs
    • ", + "
  • trade union membership
    • ", + "
  • genetics
    • ", + "
  • biometrics (where used for identification)
    • ", + "
  • health
    • ", + "
  • sex life or orientation
    • ", + "

    There are separate safeguards for personal data relating to criminal convictions and offences.

    ", + "

    Your rights

    ", + "

    Under the Data Protection Act 2018, you have the right to find out what information the government and other organisations store about you. These include the right to:

    ", + "
  • be informed about how your data is being used
    • ", + "
  • access personal data
    • ", + "
  • have incorrect data updated
    • ", + "
  • have data erased
    • ", + "
  • stop or restrict the processing of your data
    • ", + "
  • data portability (allowing you to get and reuse your data for different services)
    • ", + "
  • object to how your data is processed in certain circumstances
    • ", + "

    You also have rights when an organisation is using your personal data for:

    ", + "
  • automated decision-making processes (without human involvement)
    • ", + "
  • profiling, for example to predict your behaviour or interests
    • ", + "

    Find out what data an organisation has about you

    ", + "

    Write to an organisation to ask for a copy of the information they hold about you.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s a public organisation, write to their Data Protection Officer (DPO). Their details should be on the organisation\u2019s privacy notice.

    ", + "

    If the organisation has no DPO, or you do not know who to write to, address your letter to the company secretary.

    ", + "

    How long it should take

    ", + "

    The organisation must give you a copy of the data they hold about you as soon as possible, and within 1 month at most.

    ", + "

    In certain circumstances, for example particularly complex or multiple requests, the organisation can take a further 2 months to provide data. In this case, they must tell you:

    ", + "
  • within 1 month of your request
    • ", + "
  • why there\u2019s a delay
    • ", + "

    When information can be withheld

    ", + "

    There are some situations when organisations are allowed to withhold information, for example if the information is about:

    ", + "
  • the prevention, detection or investigation of a crime
    • ", + "
  • national security or the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • the assessment or collection of tax
    • ", + "
  • judicial or ministerial appointments
    • ", + "

    An organisation does not have to say why they\u2019re withholding information.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    Requests for information are usually free. However, organisations can charge an administrative cost in some circumstances, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re asking for a large amount of information
    • ", + "
  • your request will take a lot of time and effort to process
    • ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    If you think your data has been misused or that the organisation holding it has not kept it secure, you should contact them and tell them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with their response or if you need any advice you should contact the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO).

    ", + "

    You can also chat online with an advisor.

    ", + "

    The ICO can investigate your claim and take action against anyone who\u2019s misused personal data.

    ", + "

    You can also visit their website for information on how to make a data protection complaint.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/rights-disabled-person": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rights-disabled-person", + "title": "Disability rights", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAs a disabled person, you have rights to protect you from discrimination. These rights cover most areas including:\n\n- employment\n\n- education\n\n- dealing with the police\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 and the United Nations (UN) Convention on disability rights help to enforce, protect and promote your rights.\n\n## Employment\n\nIt\u2019s against the law for employers to discriminate against you because of a disability. The Equality Act 2010 protects you and covers areas including:\n\n- application forms\n\n- interview arrangements\n\n- aptitude or proficiency tests\n\n- job offers\n\n- terms of employment, including pay\n\n- promotion, transfer and training opportunities\n\n- dismissal or redundancy\n\n- discipline and grievances\n\n## Reasonable adjustments in the workplace\n\nAn employer has to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to avoid you being put at a disadvantage compared to non-disabled people in the workplace. For example, adjusting your working hours or providing you with a special piece of equipment to help you do the job.\n\n## Recruitment\n\nAn employer who\u2019s recruiting staff may make limited enquiries about your health or disability.\n\nYou can only be asked about your health or disability:\n\n- to help decide if you can carry out a task that is an essential part of the work\n\n- to help find out if you can take part in an interview\n\n- to help decide if the interviewers need to make reasonable adjustments for you in a selection process\n\n- to help monitoring\n\n- if they want to increase the number of disabled people they employ\n\n- if they need to know for the purposes of national security checks\n\nYou may be asked whether you have a health condition or disability on an application form or in an interview. You need to think about whether the question is one that is allowed to be asked at that stage of recruitment.\n\n## Redundancy and retirement\n\nYou can\u2019t be chosen for redundancy just because you\u2019re disabled. The selection process for redundancy must be fair and balanced for all employees.\n\nYour employer cannot force you to retire if you become disabled.\n\n## Education\n\nIt\u2019s against the law for a school or other education provider to treat disabled students unfavourably. This includes:\n\n- direct discrimination, for example refusing admission to a student or excluding them because of disability\n\n- indirect discrimination, for example only providing application forms in one format that may not be accessible\n\n- discrimination arising from a disability, for example a disabled pupil is prevented from going outside at break time because it takes too long to get there\n\n- harassment, for example a teacher shouts at a disabled student for not paying attention when the student\u2019s disability stops them from easily concentrating\n\n- victimisation, for example suspending a disabled student because they\u2019ve complained about harassment\n\n## Reasonable adjustments\n\nAn education provider has a duty to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to make sure disabled students are not discriminated against. These changes could include providing extra support and aids (like specialist teachers or equipment).\n\nSchools are not subject to the reasonable adjustment duty to make alterations to physical features, like adding ramps. They must make the buildings accessible for their disabled pupils as part of their overall planning duties.\n\n## Special educational needs and disabilities (SEND)\n\nAll publicly funded pre-schools, nurseries, state schools and local authorities must try to identify and help assess children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND).\n\nIf a child has an an education, health and care (EHC) plan or a statement of special educational needs, these must be reviewed annually. From year 9 the child will get a full review to understand what support they will need to prepare them for adulthood.\n\n## Higher education\n\nAll universities and higher education colleges should have a person in charge of disability issues that you can talk to about the support they offer.\n\nYou can also ask local social services for an assessment to help with your day-to-day living needs.\n\n## Police\n\nIf you\u2019re being questioned or interviewed at a police station you have certain rights depending on your impairment.\n\n## Deaf, hearing-impaired or speech difficulties\n\nThe police should arrange for an interpreter to be present with you. The police can interview you without an interpreter if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.\n\n## Learning disabilities\n\nThe police should only interview someone who has a learning disability when a responsible person (referred to as an \u2018appropriate adult\u2019) is present. The appropriate adult should not work for the police and should have experience of people with learning disabilities. The police can interview you without an appropriate adult if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.\n\n## Right to medical treatment\n\nIf you\u2019re being kept in a police cell, you have the right to a medical examination by a healthcare worker. A healthcare worker may be a paramedic, nurse or a police surgeon (sometimes referred to as a \u2018Forensic Medical Examiner\u2019).\n\nIf you do not want to be examined by the healthcare worker provided, you could be examined by a general practitioner (GP) that you choose - if they\u2019re available. You may have to pay for this, and this payment will be noted down.\n\n## The Equality Act 2010 and UN Convention\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 protects you from discrimination. It provides legal rights for you in the areas of:\n\n- employment\n\n- education\n\n- access to goods, services and facilities\n\n- buying and renting land or property\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 also protects your rights if you have an association with a disabled person, for example a carer or parent.\n\nGet more information about the Equality Act 2010.\n\n## United Nations (UN) Convention on disability rights\n\nThe UN Convention on disability rights has been agreed by the UK to protect and promote the rights of disabled people.\n\nGet more information about the UN Convention on disability rights from the Office for Disability Issues.\n\n## Further help and advice\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs if you think you\u2019ve been discriminated against. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou can get advice and information on your rights from:\n\n- Equality Advisory Support Service\n\n- Disability Rights UK\n\n- Advicenow\n\n- Citizens Advice", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As a disabled person, you have rights to protect you from discrimination. These rights cover most areas including:

    ", + "
  • employment
    • ", + "
  • education
    • ", + "
  • dealing with the police
    • ", + "

    The Equality Act 2010 and the United Nations (UN) Convention on disability rights help to enforce, protect and promote your rights.

    ", + "

    Employment

    ", + "

    It\u2019s against the law for employers to discriminate against you because of a disability. The Equality Act 2010 protects you and covers areas including:

    ", + "
  • application forms
    • ", + "
  • interview arrangements
    • ", + "
  • aptitude or proficiency tests
    • ", + "
  • job offers
    • ", + "
  • terms of employment, including pay
    • ", + "
  • promotion, transfer and training opportunities
    • ", + "
  • dismissal or redundancy
    • ", + "
  • discipline and grievances
    • ", + "

    Reasonable adjustments in the workplace

    ", + "

    An employer has to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to avoid you being put at a disadvantage compared to non-disabled people in the workplace. For example, adjusting your working hours or providing you with a special piece of equipment to help you do the job.

    ", + "

    Recruitment

    ", + "

    An employer who\u2019s recruiting staff may make limited enquiries about your health or disability.

    ", + "

    You can only be asked about your health or disability:

    ", + "
  • to help decide if you can carry out a task that is an essential part of the work
    • ", + "
  • to help find out if you can take part in an interview
    • ", + "
  • to help decide if the interviewers need to make reasonable adjustments for you in a selection process
    • ", + "
  • to help monitoring
    • ", + "
  • if they want to increase the number of disabled people they employ
    • ", + "
  • if they need to know for the purposes of national security checks
    • ", + "

    You may be asked whether you have a health condition or disability on an application form or in an interview. You need to think about whether the question is one that is allowed to be asked at that stage of recruitment.

    ", + "

    Redundancy and retirement

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t be chosen for redundancy just because you\u2019re disabled. The selection process for redundancy must be fair and balanced for all employees.

    ", + "

    Your employer cannot force you to retire if you become disabled.

    ", + "

    Education

    ", + "

    It\u2019s against the law for a school or other education provider to treat disabled students unfavourably. This includes:

    ", + "
  • direct discrimination, for example refusing admission to a student or excluding them because of disability
    • ", + "
  • indirect discrimination, for example only providing application forms in one format that may not be accessible
    • ", + "
  • discrimination arising from a disability, for example a disabled pupil is prevented from going outside at break time because it takes too long to get there
    • ", + "
  • harassment, for example a teacher shouts at a disabled student for not paying attention when the student\u2019s disability stops them from easily concentrating
    • ", + "
  • victimisation, for example suspending a disabled student because they\u2019ve complained about harassment
    • ", + "

    Reasonable adjustments

    ", + "

    An education provider has a duty to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to make sure disabled students are not discriminated against. These changes could include providing extra support and aids (like specialist teachers or equipment).

    ", + "

    Schools are not subject to the reasonable adjustment duty to make alterations to physical features, like adding ramps. They must make the buildings accessible for their disabled pupils as part of their overall planning duties.

    ", + "

    Special educational needs and disabilities (SEND)

    ", + "

    All publicly funded pre-schools, nurseries, state schools and local authorities must try to identify and help assess children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND).

    ", + "

    If a child has an an education, health and care (EHC) plan or a statement of special educational needs, these must be reviewed annually. From year 9 the child will get a full review to understand what support they will need to prepare them for adulthood.

    ", + "

    Higher education

    ", + "

    All universities and higher education colleges should have a person in charge of disability issues that you can talk to about the support they offer.

    ", + "

    You can also ask local social services for an assessment to help with your day-to-day living needs.

    ", + "

    Police

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re being questioned or interviewed at a police station you have certain rights depending on your impairment.

    ", + "

    Deaf, hearing-impaired or speech difficulties

    ", + "

    The police should arrange for an interpreter to be present with you. The police can interview you without an interpreter if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.

    ", + "

    Learning disabilities

    ", + "

    The police should only interview someone who has a learning disability when a responsible person (referred to as an \u2018appropriate adult\u2019) is present. The appropriate adult should not work for the police and should have experience of people with learning disabilities. The police can interview you without an appropriate adult if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.

    ", + "

    Right to medical treatment

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re being kept in a police cell, you have the right to a medical examination by a healthcare worker. A healthcare worker may be a paramedic, nurse or a police surgeon (sometimes referred to as a \u2018Forensic Medical Examiner\u2019).

    ", + "

    If you do not want to be examined by the healthcare worker provided, you could be examined by a general practitioner (GP) that you choose - if they\u2019re available. You may have to pay for this, and this payment will be noted down.

    ", + "

    The Equality Act 2010 and UN Convention

    ", + "

    The Equality Act 2010 protects you from discrimination. It provides legal rights for you in the areas of:

    ", + "
  • employment
    • ", + "
  • education
    • ", + "
  • access to goods, services and facilities
    • ", + "
  • buying and renting land or property
    • ", + "

    The Equality Act 2010 also protects your rights if you have an association with a disabled person, for example a carer or parent.

    ", + "

    Get more information about the Equality Act 2010.

    ", + "

    United Nations (UN) Convention on disability rights

    ", + "

    The UN Convention on disability rights has been agreed by the UK to protect and promote the rights of disabled people.

    ", + "

    Get more information about the UN Convention on disability rights from the Office for Disability Issues.

    ", + "

    Further help and advice

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs if you think you\u2019ve been discriminated against. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You can get advice and information on your rights from:

    ", + "
  • Equality Advisory Support Service
    • ", + "
  • Disability Rights UK
    • ", + "
  • Advicenow
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/discrimination-your-rights": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/discrimination-your-rights", + "title": "Discrimination: your rights", + "content": "## Types of discrimination ('protected characteristics')\n\nIt is against the law to discriminate against anyone because of:\n\n- age\n\n- gender reassignment\n\n- being married or in a civil partnership\n\n- being pregnant or on maternity leave\n\n- disability\n\n- race including colour, nationality, ethnic or national origin\n\n- religion or belief\n\n- sex\n\n- sexual orientation\n\nThese are called \u2018protected characteristics\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019re protected from discrimination:\n\n- at work\n\n- in education\n\n- as a consumer\n\n- when using public services\n\n- when buying or renting property\n\n- as a member or guest of a private club or association\n\nYou\u2019re legally protected from discrimination by the Equality Act 2010.\n\nYou\u2019re also protected from discrimination if:\n\n- you\u2019re associated with someone who has a protected characteristic, for example a family member or friend\n\n- you\u2019ve complained about discrimination or supported someone else\u2019s claim\n\n## Action against discrimination\n\nYou can do something voluntarily to help people with a protected characteristic. This is called \u2018positive action\u2019.\n\nTaking positive action is legal if people with a protected characteristic:\n\n- are at a disadvantage\n\n- have particular needs\n\n- are under-represented in an activity or type of work\n\n## How you can be discriminated against\n\nDiscrimination can come in one of the following forms:\n\n- direct discrimination - treating someone with a protected characteristic less favourably than others\n\n- indirect discrimination - putting rules or arrangements in place that apply to everyone, but that put someone with a protected characteristic at an unfair disadvantage\n\n- harassment - unwanted behaviour linked to a protected characteristic that violates someone\u2019s dignity or creates an offensive environment for them\n\n- victimisation - treating someone unfairly because they\u2019ve complained about discrimination or harassment\n\nIt can be lawful to have specific rules or arrangements in place, as long as they can be justified.\n\n## Discrimination at work\n\nThe law protects you against discrimination at work, including:\n\n- dismissal\n\n- employment terms and conditions\n\n- pay and benefits\n\n- promotion and transfer opportunities\n\n- training\n\n- recruitment\n\n- redundancy\n\nSome forms of discrimination are only allowed if they\u2019re needed for the way the organisation works, for example:\n\n- a Roman Catholic school restricting applications for admission of pupils to Catholics only\n\n- employing only women in a health centre for Muslim women\n\n## Disability\n\nIf you\u2019re disabled you have the same rights as other workers. Employers should also make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to help disabled employees and job applicants with:\n\n- application forms, for example providing forms in Braille or audio formats\n\n- aptitude tests, for example giving extra time to complete the tests\n\n- dismissal or redundancy\n\n- discipline and grievances\n\n- interview arrangements, such as providing wheelchair access, communicator support\n\n- making sure the workplace has the right facilities and equipment for disabled workers or someone offered a job\n\n- promotion, transfer and training opportunities\n\n- terms of employment, including pay\n\n- work-related benefits like access to recreation or refreshment facilities\n\n## What you can do\n\nIf you\u2019re discriminated against at work there are ways to deal with it.\n\nEmployers have to follow the law on preventing discrimination at work.\n\n## Other types of unfair treatment\n\nYou\u2019re also protected from being treated unfairly because of:\n\n- trade union membership or non-membership\n\n- being a fixed-term or part-time worker\n\n## What you can do\n\nIf you think you\u2019ve been unfairly discriminated against you can:\n\n- complain directly to the person or organisation\n\n- use someone else to help you sort it out (called \u2018mediation\u2019 or \u2018alternative dispute resolution\u2019)\n\n- make a claim in a court or tribunal\n\nContact the Equality Advisory Support Service for help and advice.\n\n## Discrimination at work\n\nEmployees should talk to their employer first to try and sort out the problem informally. You may also want to read about workplace disputes.\n\nIf things cannot be sorted out informally, talk to Acas, Citizens Advice or a trade union representative.\n\nYou might be able to take a claim to an employment tribunal for discrimination.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs if you think you\u2019ve been discriminated against. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nEmployers must follow the law on preventing discrimination at work.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Types of discrimination ('protected characteristics')

    ", + "

    It is against the law to discriminate against anyone because of:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • gender reassignment
    • ", + "
  • being married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • being pregnant or on maternity leave
    • ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • race including colour, nationality, ethnic or national origin
    • ", + "
  • religion or belief
    • ", + "
  • sex
    • ", + "
  • sexual orientation
    • ", + "

    These are called \u2018protected characteristics\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re protected from discrimination:

    ", + "
  • at work
    • ", + "
  • in education
    • ", + "
  • as a consumer
    • ", + "
  • when using public services
    • ", + "
  • when buying or renting property
    • ", + "
  • as a member or guest of a private club or association
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re legally protected from discrimination by the Equality Act 2010.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also protected from discrimination if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re associated with someone who has a protected characteristic, for example a family member or friend
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve complained about discrimination or supported someone else\u2019s claim
    • ", + "

    Action against discrimination

    ", + "

    You can do something voluntarily to help people with a protected characteristic. This is called \u2018positive action\u2019.

    ", + "

    Taking positive action is legal if people with a protected characteristic:

    ", + "
  • are at a disadvantage
    • ", + "
  • have particular needs
    • ", + "
  • are under-represented in an activity or type of work
    • ", + "

    How you can be discriminated against

    ", + "

    Discrimination can come in one of the following forms:

    ", + "
  • direct discrimination - treating someone with a protected characteristic less favourably than others
    • ", + "
  • indirect discrimination - putting rules or arrangements in place that apply to everyone, but that put someone with a protected characteristic at an unfair disadvantage
    • ", + "
  • harassment - unwanted behaviour linked to a protected characteristic that violates someone\u2019s dignity or creates an offensive environment for them
    • ", + "
  • victimisation - treating someone unfairly because they\u2019ve complained about discrimination or harassment
    • ", + "

    It can be lawful to have specific rules or arrangements in place, as long as they can be justified.

    ", + "

    Discrimination at work

    ", + "

    The law protects you against discrimination at work, including:

    ", + "
  • dismissal
    • ", + "
  • employment terms and conditions
    • ", + "
  • pay and benefits
    • ", + "
  • promotion and transfer opportunities
    • ", + "
  • training
    • ", + "
  • recruitment
    • ", + "
  • redundancy
    • ", + "

    Some forms of discrimination are only allowed if they\u2019re needed for the way the organisation works, for example:

    ", + "
  • a Roman Catholic school restricting applications for admission of pupils to Catholics only
    • ", + "
  • employing only women in a health centre for Muslim women
    • ", + "

    Disability

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled you have the same rights as other workers. Employers should also make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to help disabled employees and job applicants with:

    ", + "
  • application forms, for example providing forms in Braille or audio formats
    • ", + "
  • aptitude tests, for example giving extra time to complete the tests
    • ", + "
  • dismissal or redundancy
    • ", + "
  • discipline and grievances
    • ", + "
  • interview arrangements, such as providing wheelchair access, communicator support
    • ", + "
  • making sure the workplace has the right facilities and equipment for disabled workers or someone offered a job
    • ", + "
  • promotion, transfer and training opportunities
    • ", + "
  • terms of employment, including pay
    • ", + "
  • work-related benefits like access to recreation or refreshment facilities
    • ", + "

    What you can do

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re discriminated against at work there are ways to deal with it.

    ", + "

    Employers have to follow the law on preventing discrimination at work.

    ", + "

    Other types of unfair treatment

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also protected from being treated unfairly because of:

    ", + "
  • trade union membership or non-membership
    • ", + "
  • being a fixed-term or part-time worker
    • ", + "

    What you can do

    ", + "

    If you think you\u2019ve been unfairly discriminated against you can:

    ", + "
  • complain directly to the person or organisation
    • ", + "
  • use someone else to help you sort it out (called \u2018mediation\u2019 or \u2018alternative dispute resolution\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • make a claim in a court or tribunal
    • ", + "

    Contact the Equality Advisory Support Service for help and advice.

    ", + "

    Discrimination at work

    ", + "

    Employees should talk to their employer first to try and sort out the problem informally. You may also want to read about workplace disputes.

    ", + "

    If things cannot be sorted out informally, talk to Acas, Citizens Advice or a trade union representative.

    ", + "

    You might be able to take a claim to an employment tribunal for discrimination.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs if you think you\u2019ve been discriminated against. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Employers must follow the law on preventing discrimination at work.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-freedom-of-information-request": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-freedom-of-information-request", + "title": "How to make a freedom of information (FOI) request", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou have the right to ask to see recorded information held by public authorities.\n\nThe Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act (FOISA) give you the right to see information.\n\nIf you ask for environmental information, your request will be handled under the Environmental Regulations (EIRs) or Environmental Information (Scotland) Regulations (EISRs).\n\nEnvironmental information includes things like carbon emissions or the environment\u2019s effect on human health.\n\nYou do not need to tell the organisation which law or regulations you\u2019re making your request under.\n\n## Personal information\n\nThere is a different way to make a request if you want information that an organisation holds about you. This includes things like your health records or credit reference files.\n\n## Organisations you can ask for information\n\nYou can request information from some public authorities, such as:\n\n- government departments, devolved administrations, other public bodies and committees\n\n- local councils\n\n- schools, colleges and universities\n\n- the NHS - including hospitals, GPs, dentists, pharmacists and opticians\n\n- publicly owned companies\n\n- publicly funded museums, galleries and theatres\n\n- the police and fire services\n\n- registered social landlords in Scotland\n\nYou can make an environmental information request to private or public companies that have public responsibilities - like water companies.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure if the organisation is one you can make a request to, check with the information commissioner for:\n\n- Scottish public authorities - you can search on the Scottish Information Commissioner\u2019s website\n\n- England, Wales or Northern Ireland and organisations that cover the whole of the UK - contact the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office\n\n## How to make an FOI request\n\nYou must make a Freedom of Information (FOI) request in writing. You can do it by:\n\n- letter\n\n- email\n\n- social media\n\n- online form - check the organisation\u2019s website or the government department\u2019s page to see if they have an online form\n\n- fax\n\nIf you cannot make your request in writing because of a disability, contact the public authority. They should help you to make the request another way - for example over the phone.\n\nYou can ask for environmental information in writing, in person or by phone.\n\n## Before you make a request\n\nYou might not need to make a Freedom of Information (FOI) request if the organisation has:\n\n- already published the information\n\n- previously responded to an FOI request\n\nCheck their website for responses to previous FOI requests. This is sometimes known as a \u2018disclosure log\u2019. You can search for published responses to FOI requests from government departments, agencies and arms length bodies.\n\nYou can also email or phone the organisation to ask if they\u2019ve already published the information or responded to an FOI request.\n\n## What to include\n\nYou should give:\n\n- your name (not needed if you\u2019re asking for environmental information)\n\n- a contact postal or email address\n\n- a detailed description of the information you want - for example, you might want all information held on a subject, or just a summary\n\nYou can ask for information in a particular format, such as:\n\n- paper or electronic copies of information\n\n- audio format\n\n- large print\n\n## When you\u2019ll get a response\n\nThe organisation should send you the information within 20 working days of receiving your request. Some schools are allowed more time during school holidays.\n\nIn Scotland, you should allow 6 extra days if you send your request by post.\n\nThe organisation will tell you when to expect the information if they need more time.\n\n## When your information will be shared\n\nIf you\u2019ve sent an FOI request to several government departments, they may share your name and request between them. This is to help deal with your enquiry more effectively.\n\nNo other details will be shared and your information will not be used for any other purpose.\n\n## Costs\n\nMost requests are free but you might be asked to pay a small amount for photocopies or postage. The organisation will tell you if you have to pay anything.\n\nCheck the copyright status of information you receive if you plan to reproduce it.\n\n## If your request is turned down\n\nSome sensitive information is not available to members of the public. If this applies, an organisation must tell you why they cannot give you some or all of the information you requested.\n\nThey might ask you to be more specific so they can provide just the information you need.\n\nAn organisation can also refuse your Freedom of Information (FOI) request if getting information will cost more than \u00a3450, or \u00a3600 if the organisation is:\n\n- a government department, Parliament or part of the armed forces\n\n- the Northern Ireland Assembly or the Welsh Assembly\n\n- based in Scotland\n\nAn organisation can refuse your request for environmental information, if they think the cost of getting the information is too high.\n\n## Reviews and complaints\n\nIf an organisation does not provide you with the information you requested, you should first ask them to review their decision.\n\nIf you\u2019re not satisfied with the organisation\u2019s response, you can complain or appeal to the information commissioner for:\n\n- England, Wales or Northern Ireland and organisations that cover the whole of the UK - complain to the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office\n\n- Scottish public authorities - make an appeal to the Scottish Information Commissioner", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You have the right to ask to see recorded information held by public authorities.

    ", + "

    The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) and Freedom of Information (Scotland) Act (FOISA) give you the right to see information.

    ", + "

    If you ask for environmental information, your request will be handled under the Environmental Regulations (EIRs) or Environmental Information (Scotland) Regulations (EISRs).

    ", + "

    Environmental information includes things like carbon emissions or the environment\u2019s effect on human health.

    ", + "

    You do not need to tell the organisation which law or regulations you\u2019re making your request under.

    ", + "

    Personal information

    ", + "

    There is a different way to make a request if you want information that an organisation holds about you. This includes things like your health records or credit reference files.

    ", + "

    Organisations you can ask for information

    ", + "

    You can request information from some public authorities, such as:

    ", + "
  • government departments, devolved administrations, other public bodies and committees
    • ", + "
  • local councils
    • ", + "
  • schools, colleges and universities
    • ", + "
  • the NHS - including hospitals, GPs, dentists, pharmacists and opticians
    • ", + "
  • publicly owned companies
    • ", + "
  • publicly funded museums, galleries and theatres
    • ", + "
  • the police and fire services
    • ", + "
  • registered social landlords in Scotland
    • ", + "

    You can make an environmental information request to private or public companies that have public responsibilities - like water companies.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure if the organisation is one you can make a request to, check with the information commissioner for:

    ", + "
  • Scottish public authorities - you can search on the Scottish Information Commissioner\u2019s website
    • ", + "
  • England, Wales or Northern Ireland and organisations that cover the whole of the UK - contact the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office
    • ", + "

    How to make an FOI request

    ", + "

    You must make a Freedom of Information (FOI) request in writing. You can do it by:

    ", + "
  • letter
    • ", + "
  • email
    • ", + "
  • social media
    • ", + "
  • online form - check the organisation\u2019s website or the government department\u2019s page to see if they have an online form
    • ", + "
  • fax
    • ", + "

    If you cannot make your request in writing because of a disability, contact the public authority. They should help you to make the request another way - for example over the phone.

    ", + "

    You can ask for environmental information in writing, in person or by phone.

    ", + "

    Before you make a request

    ", + "

    You might not need to make a Freedom of Information (FOI) request if the organisation has:

    ", + "
  • already published the information
    • ", + "
  • previously responded to an FOI request
    • ", + "

    Check their website for responses to previous FOI requests. This is sometimes known as a \u2018disclosure log\u2019. You can search for published responses to FOI requests from government departments, agencies and arms length bodies.

    ", + "

    You can also email or phone the organisation to ask if they\u2019ve already published the information or responded to an FOI request.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    You should give:

    ", + "
  • your name (not needed if you\u2019re asking for environmental information)
    • ", + "
  • a contact postal or email address
    • ", + "
  • a detailed description of the information you want - for example, you might want all information held on a subject, or just a summary
    • ", + "

    You can ask for information in a particular format, such as:

    ", + "
  • paper or electronic copies of information
    • ", + "
  • audio format
    • ", + "
  • large print
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019ll get a response

    ", + "

    The organisation should send you the information within 20 working days of receiving your request. Some schools are allowed more time during school holidays.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, you should allow 6 extra days if you send your request by post.

    ", + "

    The organisation will tell you when to expect the information if they need more time.

    ", + "

    When your information will be shared

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve sent an FOI request to several government departments, they may share your name and request between them. This is to help deal with your enquiry more effectively.

    ", + "

    No other details will be shared and your information will not be used for any other purpose.

    ", + "

    Costs

    ", + "

    Most requests are free but you might be asked to pay a small amount for photocopies or postage. The organisation will tell you if you have to pay anything.

    ", + "

    Check the copyright status of information you receive if you plan to reproduce it.

    ", + "

    If your request is turned down

    ", + "

    Some sensitive information is not available to members of the public. If this applies, an organisation must tell you why they cannot give you some or all of the information you requested.

    ", + "

    They might ask you to be more specific so they can provide just the information you need.

    ", + "

    An organisation can also refuse your Freedom of Information (FOI) request if getting information will cost more than \u00a3450, or \u00a3600 if the organisation is:

    ", + "
  • a government department, Parliament or part of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • the Northern Ireland Assembly or the Welsh Assembly
    • ", + "
  • based in Scotland
    • ", + "

    An organisation can refuse your request for environmental information, if they think the cost of getting the information is too high.

    ", + "

    Reviews and complaints

    ", + "

    If an organisation does not provide you with the information you requested, you should first ask them to review their decision.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not satisfied with the organisation\u2019s response, you can complain or appeal to the information commissioner for:

    ", + "
  • England, Wales or Northern Ireland and organisations that cover the whole of the UK - complain to the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office
    • ", + "
  • Scottish public authorities - make an appeal to the Scottish Information Commissioner
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/dla-disability-living-allowance-benefit": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dla-disability-living-allowance-benefit", + "title": "Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for adults", + "content": "## Overview\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) is being replaced by Personal Independence Payment (PIP) for disabled people.\n\nYou can only apply for DLA if you\u2019re under 16. You can apply for:\n\n- PIP if you\u2019re aged 16 or over and have not reached State Pension age\n\n- Attendance Allowance if you\u2019re State Pension age or older and do not get DLA\n\nIf you already get DLA, your claim might end. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you when this will happen and how you can apply for PIP.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## If you already get DLA\n\nIf you were born on or before 8 April 1948, you\u2019ll continue to get Disability Living Allowance (DLA) as long as you\u2019re eligible for it.\n\nIf you were born after 8 April 1948, your DLA will end. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you when that will happen. You\u2019ll continue to get DLA until that date.\n\nUnless your circumstances change, you do not need to do anything until you get this letter.\n\n## If your DLA claim is ending\n\nIf your DLA is ending, you\u2019ll get a letter inviting you to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP). If you do apply, you\u2019ll need to do it within 28 days.\n\nDLA will continue to be paid until at least 28 days after a decision is made about your PIP application.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for PIP, you\u2019ll start getting PIP payments as soon as your DLA payments end.\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nYou must contact the Disability Service Centre if your circumstances change, as this may affect how much DLA you get. For example:\n\n- the level of help you need or your condition changes\n\n- you go into hospital or a care home for more than 4 weeks\n\n- you go abroad for more than 13 weeks\n\n- you\u2019re imprisoned or held in detention\n\nYou must also contact the centre if:\n\n- you change your name, address or bank details\n\n- you want to stop receiving your benefit\n\n- your doctor\u2019s details change\n\nYou may be asked to claim Personal Independence Payment (PIP) after you report a change to your circumstances.\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your DLA claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## DLA rates\n\nYou can no longer apply for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) if you\u2019re 16 or over. You might be able to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) instead.\n\nDLA is made up of 2 components (parts), the \u2018care component\u2019 and the \u2018mobility component\u2019. To get DLA you must be eligible for at least one of the components.\n\nHow much DLA you get depends on how your disability or health condition affects you.\n\n## If you need help looking after yourself\n\nYou might get the care component of DLA if you:\n\n- need help with things like washing, dressing, eating, using the toilet or communicating your needs\n\n- need supervision to avoid putting yourself or others in danger\n\n- need someone with you when you\u2019re on dialysis\n\n- cannot prepare a cooked main meal\n\nYou can get this part if no one is actually giving you the care you need, or you live alone.\n\n| Care component | Weekly rate | Level of help you need |\n\n| Lowest | \u00a323.70 | Help for some of the day or with preparing cooked meals |\n\n| Middle | \u00a360.00 | Frequent help or constant supervision during the day, supervision at night or someone to help you while on dialysis |\n\n| Highest | \u00a389.60 | Help or supervision throughout both day and night, or you\u2019re terminally ill |\n\nIf you get DLA and Constant Attendance Allowance, the care component of your DLA will be reduced by the amount of Constant Attendance Allowance you get.\n\n## If you have walking difficulties\n\nYou might get the mobility component of DLA if, when using your normal aid, you:\n\n- cannot walk\n\n- can only walk a short distance without severe discomfort\n\n- could become very ill if you try to walk\n\nYou might also get it if you:\n\n- have no feet or legs\n\n- are assessed as 100% blind and at least 80% deaf and you need someone with you when outdoors\n\n- are severely mentally impaired with severe behavioural problems and get the highest rate of care for DLA\n\n- need supervision most of the time when walking outdoors\n\n- are certified as severely sight impaired and you were aged between 3 and 64 on 11 April 2011\n\n| Mobility component | Weekly rate | Level of help you need |\n\n| Lower | \u00a323.70 | Guidance or supervision outdoors |\n\n| Higher | \u00a362.55 | You have any other, more severe, walking difficulty |\n\nYou must contact the Disability Service Centre if your circumstances change, for example your condition improves or you need more help.\n\n## Assessments\n\nYou might get a letter saying you need to attend an assessment to check the level of help you need. The letter explains why, and where you must go. Your benefit may be stopped if you do not go.\n\nAt the assessment, you\u2019ll be asked for identification. You can use a passport or any 3 of the following:\n\n- birth certificate\n\n- a full driving licence\n\n- life assurance policy\n\n- bank statements\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nDLA is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Wednesday.\n\nIf your payment date is on a bank holiday, you will usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Extra help\n\nYou could get extra benefits if you get Disability Living Allowance - check with the Disability Service Centre or the office dealing with your benefit.\n\nIf your disability or health condition stops you from working and you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit, you could get an extra amount on top of your Universal Credit standard allowance.\n\nIf you get DLA and you work, you might also be able to get the disability element of Working Tax Credit (up to \u00a33,220 a year, or up to \u00a34,610 if your disability is severe). Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to find out.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Disability Living Allowance (DLA) is being replaced by Personal Independence Payment (PIP) for disabled people.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for DLA if you\u2019re under 16. You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • PIP if you\u2019re aged 16 or over and have not reached State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance if you\u2019re State Pension age or older and do not get DLA
    • ", + "

    If you already get DLA, your claim might end. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you when this will happen and how you can apply for PIP.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you already get DLA

    ", + "

    If you were born on or before 8 April 1948, you\u2019ll continue to get Disability Living Allowance (DLA) as long as you\u2019re eligible for it.

    ", + "

    If you were born after 8 April 1948, your DLA will end. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you when that will happen. You\u2019ll continue to get DLA until that date.

    ", + "

    Unless your circumstances change, you do not need to do anything until you get this letter.

    ", + "

    If your DLA claim is ending

    ", + "

    If your DLA is ending, you\u2019ll get a letter inviting you to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP). If you do apply, you\u2019ll need to do it within 28 days.

    ", + "

    DLA will continue to be paid until at least 28 days after a decision is made about your PIP application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for PIP, you\u2019ll start getting PIP payments as soon as your DLA payments end.

    ", + "

    Change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You must contact the Disability Service Centre if your circumstances change, as this may affect how much DLA you get. For example:

    ", + "
  • the level of help you need or your condition changes
    • ", + "
  • you go into hospital or a care home for more than 4 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you go abroad for more than 13 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re imprisoned or held in detention
    • ", + "

    You must also contact the centre if:

    ", + "
  • you change your name, address or bank details
    • ", + "
  • you want to stop receiving your benefit
    • ", + "
  • your doctor\u2019s details change
    • ", + "

    You may be asked to claim Personal Independence Payment (PIP) after you report a change to your circumstances.

    ", + "

    You could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge a decision about your DLA claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    DLA rates

    ", + "

    You can no longer apply for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) if you\u2019re 16 or over. You might be able to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) instead.

    ", + "

    DLA is made up of 2 components (parts), the \u2018care component\u2019 and the \u2018mobility component\u2019. To get DLA you must be eligible for at least one of the components.

    ", + "

    How much DLA you get depends on how your disability or health condition affects you.

    ", + "

    If you need help looking after yourself

    ", + "

    You might get the care component of DLA if you:

    ", + "
  • need help with things like washing, dressing, eating, using the toilet or communicating your needs
    • ", + "
  • need supervision to avoid putting yourself or others in danger
    • ", + "
  • need someone with you when you\u2019re on dialysis
    • ", + "
  • cannot prepare a cooked main meal
    • ", + "

    You can get this part if no one is actually giving you the care you need, or you live alone.

    ", + "Care component | Weekly rate | Level of help you need", + "Lowest | \u00a323.70 | Help for some of the day or with preparing cooked meals", + "Middle | \u00a360.00 | Frequent help or constant supervision during the day, supervision at night or someone to help you while on dialysis", + "Highest | \u00a389.60 | Help or supervision throughout both day and night, or you\u2019re terminally ill", + "

    If you get DLA and Constant Attendance Allowance, the care component of your DLA will be reduced by the amount of Constant Attendance Allowance you get.

    ", + "

    If you have walking difficulties

    ", + "

    You might get the mobility component of DLA if, when using your normal aid, you:

    ", + "
  • cannot walk
    • ", + "
  • can only walk a short distance without severe discomfort
    • ", + "
  • could become very ill if you try to walk
    • ", + "

    You might also get it if you:

    ", + "
  • have no feet or legs
    • ", + "
  • are assessed as 100% blind and at least 80% deaf and you need someone with you when outdoors
    • ", + "
  • are severely mentally impaired with severe behavioural problems and get the highest rate of care for DLA
    • ", + "
  • need supervision most of the time when walking outdoors
    • ", + "
  • are certified as severely sight impaired and you were aged between 3 and 64 on 11 April 2011
    • ", + "Mobility component | Weekly rate | Level of help you need", + "Lower | \u00a323.70 | Guidance or supervision outdoors", + "Higher | \u00a362.55 | You have any other, more severe, walking difficulty", + "

    You must contact the Disability Service Centre if your circumstances change, for example your condition improves or you need more help.

    ", + "

    Assessments

    ", + "

    You might get a letter saying you need to attend an assessment to check the level of help you need. The letter explains why, and where you must go. Your benefit may be stopped if you do not go.

    ", + "

    At the assessment, you\u2019ll be asked for identification. You can use a passport or any 3 of the following:

    ", + "
  • birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • a full driving licence
    • ", + "
  • life assurance policy
    • ", + "
  • bank statements
    • ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    DLA is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Wednesday.

    ", + "

    If your payment date is on a bank holiday, you will usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.

    ", + "

    All benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.

    ", + "

    Extra help

    ", + "

    You could get extra benefits if you get Disability Living Allowance - check with the Disability Service Centre or the office dealing with your benefit.

    ", + "

    If your disability or health condition stops you from working and you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit, you could get an extra amount on top of your Universal Credit standard allowance.

    ", + "

    If you get DLA and you work, you might also be able to get the disability element of Working Tax Credit (up to \u00a33,220 a year, or up to \u00a34,610 if your disability is severe). Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to find out.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/driving-medical-conditions": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-medical-conditions", + "title": "Medical conditions, disabilities and driving", + "content": "## Telling DVLA about a medical condition or disability\n\nYou must tell DVLA if you have a driving licence and:\n\n- you develop a \u2018notifiable\u2019 medical condition or disability\n\n- a condition or disability has got worse since you got your licence\n\nNotifiable conditions are anything that could affect your ability to drive safely. They can include:\n\n- diabetes or taking insulin\n\n- syncope (fainting)\n\n- heart conditions (including atrial fibrillation and pacemakers)\n\n- sleep apnoea\n\n- epilepsy\n\n- strokes\n\n- glaucoma\n\n## How to tell DVLA\n\nCheck if you need to tell DVLA about your condition to find the forms or questionnaires you need. The address you need is on the forms.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland you must contact the Driver and Vehicle Agency (DVA).\n\nThere are different forms for different conditions and disabilities.\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure what to do.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA about a condition that might affect your ability to drive safely. You could also be prosecuted if you have an accident.\n\n## Surrendering your licence\n\nYou must surrender your licence to DVLA if any of the following are true:\n\n- your doctor tells you to stop driving for 3 months or more\n\n- your medical condition affects your ability to drive safely and lasts for 3 months or more\n\n- you do not meet the required standards for driving because of your medical condition\n\nYou can apply to get your licence back when you meet the medical standards for driving again.\n\n## First licence or renewal if you\u2019re 70 or over\n\nYou must also tell DVLA about notifiable conditions if you:\n\n- apply for your first licence\n\n- renew your licence (if you\u2019re 70 or over)\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for this information in your application form. You do not need to contact DVLA separately.\n\n## What happens after you tell DVLA\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks. You\u2019ll get a letter from DVLA if it\u2019s going to take longer.\n\nDVLA might:\n\n- contact your doctor or consultant\n\n- arrange for you to be examined\n\n- ask you to take a driving assessment, or an eyesight or driving test\n\nYou can usually keep driving while DVLA are considering your application.\n\nIf you\u2019ve told DVLA about a condition when applying to renew your licence, follow the guidance about driving that\u2019s in the form.\n\nContact DVLA if you need advice or to check on your case.\n\n## What DVLA will decide\n\nDVLA will assess your medical condition or disability and decide if:\n\n- you need to get a new driving licence\n\n- you can have a shorter licence - for 1, 2, 3 or 5 years\n\n- you need to adapt your car by fitting special controls\n\n- you must stop driving and give up your licence\n\n## You need to adapt your vehicle\n\nIf you\u2019ve been told that you must adapt your car, you get an independent assessment of your adaptation needs through Driving Mobility.\n\nFind out more about adapting your vehicle and where to get special controls fitted through the Research Institute for Disabled Consumers.\n\n## You must stop driving\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a medical reason why you must stop driving, and be told if and when you can reapply for your licence.\n\n## If you disagree with DVLA\u2019s decision\n\nYou can write to DVLA if you disagree with the decision to stop you driving. You must be able to provide relevant information that was not included in the original assessment.\n\nYou must also include:\n\n- proof that you meet the required standards for driving (these are explained in the decision letter DVLA sent you)\n\n- the reference number from your decision letter\n\nYou can also appeal the decision if you contact your local magistrate\u2019s court within 6 months, or your local sheriff\u2019s court in Scotland within 21 days.\n\nYou may want to get legal advice before you appeal - you might be able to get legal aid to pay for it.\n\nYou must tell DVLA in writing if you choose to appeal.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nYou can make a complaint if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you get from DVLA.\n\n## Renewing or reapplying for your licence\n\nHow you reapply for or renew your licence depends on if you had to give up your licence, or if you have a short-term licence.\n\n## You\u2019ve got a short-term licence\n\nDVLA will send you a renewal letter 90 days before your 1, 2, 3 or 5-year licence is due to expire.\n\nRenew your licence online, or send the renewal reminder back by post.\n\n## You gave up your licence and stopped driving\n\nThe letter DVLA sends you when your licence is taken away tells you if you have to wait before you can reapply.\n\nYou must check with your doctor that you\u2019re fit to drive before you reapply for your licence, if it was taken away because of a medical condition.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Telling DVLA about a medical condition or disability

    ", + "

    You must tell DVLA if you have a driving licence and:

    ", + "
  • you develop a \u2018notifiable\u2019 medical condition or disability
    • ", + "
  • a condition or disability has got worse since you got your licence
    • ", + "

    Notifiable conditions are anything that could affect your ability to drive safely. They can include:

    ", + "
  • diabetes or taking insulin
    • ", + "
  • syncope (fainting)
    • ", + "
  • heart conditions (including atrial fibrillation and pacemakers)
    • ", + "
  • sleep apnoea
    • ", + "
  • epilepsy
    • ", + "
  • strokes
    • ", + "
  • glaucoma
    • ", + "

    How to tell DVLA

    ", + "

    Check if you need to tell DVLA about your condition to find the forms or questionnaires you need. The address you need is on the forms.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland you must contact the Driver and Vehicle Agency (DVA).

    ", + "

    There are different forms for different conditions and disabilities.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure what to do.

    ", + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA about a condition that might affect your ability to drive safely. You could also be prosecuted if you have an accident.

    ", + "

    Surrendering your licence

    ", + "

    You must surrender your licence to DVLA if any of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • your doctor tells you to stop driving for 3 months or more
    • ", + "
  • your medical condition affects your ability to drive safely and lasts for 3 months or more
    • ", + "
  • you do not meet the required standards for driving because of your medical condition
    • ", + "

    You can apply to get your licence back when you meet the medical standards for driving again.

    ", + "

    First licence or renewal if you\u2019re 70 or over

    ", + "

    You must also tell DVLA about notifiable conditions if you:

    ", + "
  • apply for your first licence
    • ", + "
  • renew your licence (if you\u2019re 70 or over)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked for this information in your application form. You do not need to contact DVLA separately.

    ", + "

    What happens after you tell DVLA

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks. You\u2019ll get a letter from DVLA if it\u2019s going to take longer.

    ", + "

    DVLA might:

    ", + "
  • contact your doctor or consultant
    • ", + "
  • arrange for you to be examined
    • ", + "
  • ask you to take a driving assessment, or an eyesight or driving test
    • ", + "

    You can usually keep driving while DVLA are considering your application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve told DVLA about a condition when applying to renew your licence, follow the guidance about driving that\u2019s in the form.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you need advice or to check on your case.

    ", + "

    What DVLA will decide

    ", + "

    DVLA will assess your medical condition or disability and decide if:

    ", + "
  • you need to get a new driving licence
    • ", + "
  • you can have a shorter licence - for 1, 2, 3 or 5 years
    • ", + "
  • you need to adapt your car by fitting special controls
    • ", + "
  • you must stop driving and give up your licence
    • ", + "

    You need to adapt your vehicle

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been told that you must adapt your car, you get an independent assessment of your adaptation needs through Driving Mobility.

    ", + "

    Find out more about adapting your vehicle and where to get special controls fitted through the Research Institute for Disabled Consumers.

    ", + "

    You must stop driving

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a medical reason why you must stop driving, and be told if and when you can reapply for your licence.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with DVLA\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    You can write to DVLA if you disagree with the decision to stop you driving. You must be able to provide relevant information that was not included in the original assessment.

    ", + "

    You must also include:

    ", + "
  • proof that you meet the required standards for driving (these are explained in the decision letter DVLA sent you)
    • ", + "
  • the reference number from your decision letter
    • ", + "

    You can also appeal the decision if you contact your local magistrate\u2019s court within 6 months, or your local sheriff\u2019s court in Scotland within 21 days.

    ", + "

    You may want to get legal advice before you appeal - you might be able to get legal aid to pay for it.

    ", + "

    You must tell DVLA in writing if you choose to appeal.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    You can make a complaint if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you get from DVLA.

    ", + "

    Renewing or reapplying for your licence

    ", + "

    How you reapply for or renew your licence depends on if you had to give up your licence, or if you have a short-term licence.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve got a short-term licence

    ", + "

    DVLA will send you a renewal letter 90 days before your 1, 2, 3 or 5-year licence is due to expire.

    ", + "

    Renew your licence online, or send the renewal reminder back by post.

    ", + "

    You gave up your licence and stopped driving

    ", + "

    The letter DVLA sends you when your licence is taken away tells you if you have to wait before you can reapply.

    ", + "

    You must check with your doctor that you\u2019re fit to drive before you reapply for your licence, if it was taken away because of a medical condition.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "title": "Mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs: the rules", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, but you may have to register it. Only certain types can be driven on the road. The law calls these types of vehicles \u2018invalid carriages\u2019.\n\nMobility scooters and powered wheelchairs come in 2 categories:\n\n- \u2018class 2 invalid carriages\u2019 - these cannot be used on the road (except where there is not a pavement) and have a maximum speed of 4mph\n\n- \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019 - these can be used on the road, and have a maximum speed of 4mph off the road, and 8mph on the road\n\nYou do not need to register a class 2 invalid carriage.\n\nYou must register class 3 invalid carriages.\n\nYou must be 14 or over to drive a class 3 invalid carriage.\n\n## Rules for class 3 invalid carriages\n\nThe law calls mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs that can be used on the road \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019. They must have the following features:\n\n- a maximum unladen weight of 150kg\n\n- a maximum width of 0.85 metres\n\n- a device to limit its speed to 4mph\n\n- a maximum speed of 8mph\n\n- an efficient braking system\n\n- front and rear lights and reflectors\n\n- direction indicators able to operate as a hazard warning signal\n\n- an audible horn\n\n- a rear view mirror\n\n- an amber flashing light if it\u2019s used on a dual carriageway\n\nYou could be stopped by the police if your class 3 invalid carriage does not have these features.\n\n## Driving on the road\n\nYou can only drive on the road in a class 3 invalid carriage. The maximum speed is 8mph.\n\nYou cannot drive on bus lanes, \u2018cycle only\u2019 lanes or motorways. Avoid using dual carriageways with a speed limit of over 50mph.\n\nYou must use an amber flashing light for visibility if you use a class 3 invalid carriage on a dual carriageway.\n\n## Road rules\n\nYou must follow the Highway Code if you drive your mobility scooter on the road.\n\n## Driving on footpaths and parking\n\nAll mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs can legally travel at a maximum of 4mph on footpaths or in pedestrian areas.\n\nYou cannot drive any type of mobility scooter or powered wheelchair on cycle paths marked \u2018cycle only\u2019.\n\n## Parking\n\nAll normal parking restrictions apply to mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs.\n\nYour vehicle should not be left on a footpath or pedestrian area on its own if it gets in the way of other pedestrians, including wheelchair users and people with prams or pushchairs.\n\n## Eyesight requirements\n\nThere is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).\n\nYou must check that you can still do this regularly.\n\nYou might have to pay compensation if you have an accident and poor eyesight was part of the cause.\n\n## Who can use them\n\nYou can only drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if you:\n\n- have trouble walking because of an injury, physical disability or medical condition\n\n- are demonstrating the vehicle before it\u2019s sold\n\n- are training a disabled user\n\n- are taking the vehicle to or from maintenance or repair\n\n## Vehicle tax, registration and insurance\n\nYou do not have to pay vehicle tax for any mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if it\u2019s registered as a \u2018class 3 invalid carriage\u2019.\n\nCheck whether a vehicle is registered as an \u2018invalid carriage\u2019 by asking the seller when you buy it.\n\n## Change the owner\u2019s details when you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair\n\nWhen you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, the seller will make you the \u2018registered keeper\u2019. This means the vehicle will be in your name. You\u2019ll get a new vehicle log book (V5C) in the post within 4 weeks of the sale.\n\nIf you do not get a new vehicle log book 4 weeks after the sale, fill in an \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019 (V62) and send it to DVLA.\n\n## Change your name or address\n\nIf you need to change your name or address, fill in section 6 of your vehicle log book and send it to DVLA.\n\n## If your mobility scooter or powered wheelchair is not a registered vehicle\n\nMost scooters and wheelchairs will already be registered by the dealer or manufacturer before you buy them.\n\nIf your vehicle is not registered, register it by filling in:\n\n- form V55/4 for new vehicles\n\n- form V55/5 for used vehicles\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou do not need insurance for a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, although it\u2019s recommended.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You do not need a licence to drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, but you may have to register it. Only certain types can be driven on the road. The law calls these types of vehicles \u2018invalid carriages\u2019.

    ", + "

    Mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs come in 2 categories:

    ", + "
  • \u2018class 2 invalid carriages\u2019 - these cannot be used on the road (except where there is not a pavement) and have a maximum speed of 4mph
    • ", + "
  • \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019 - these can be used on the road, and have a maximum speed of 4mph off the road, and 8mph on the road
    • ", + "

    You do not need to register a class 2 invalid carriage.

    ", + "

    You must register class 3 invalid carriages.

    ", + "

    You must be 14 or over to drive a class 3 invalid carriage.

    ", + "

    Rules for class 3 invalid carriages

    ", + "

    The law calls mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs that can be used on the road \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019. They must have the following features:

    ", + "
  • a maximum unladen weight of 150kg
    • ", + "
  • a maximum width of 0.85 metres
    • ", + "
  • a device to limit its speed to 4mph
    • ", + "
  • a maximum speed of 8mph
    • ", + "
  • an efficient braking system
    • ", + "
  • front and rear lights and reflectors
    • ", + "
  • direction indicators able to operate as a hazard warning signal
    • ", + "
  • an audible horn
    • ", + "
  • a rear view mirror
    • ", + "
  • an amber flashing light if it\u2019s used on a dual carriageway
    • ", + "

    You could be stopped by the police if your class 3 invalid carriage does not have these features.

    ", + "

    Driving on the road

    ", + "

    You can only drive on the road in a class 3 invalid carriage. The maximum speed is 8mph.

    ", + "

    You cannot drive on bus lanes, \u2018cycle only\u2019 lanes or motorways. Avoid using dual carriageways with a speed limit of over 50mph.

    ", + "

    You must use an amber flashing light for visibility if you use a class 3 invalid carriage on a dual carriageway.

    ", + "

    Road rules

    ", + "

    You must follow the Highway Code if you drive your mobility scooter on the road.

    ", + "

    Driving on footpaths and parking

    ", + "

    All mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs can legally travel at a maximum of 4mph on footpaths or in pedestrian areas.

    ", + "

    You cannot drive any type of mobility scooter or powered wheelchair on cycle paths marked \u2018cycle only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Parking

    ", + "

    All normal parking restrictions apply to mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle should not be left on a footpath or pedestrian area on its own if it gets in the way of other pedestrians, including wheelchair users and people with prams or pushchairs.

    ", + "

    Eyesight requirements

    ", + "

    There is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).

    ", + "

    You must check that you can still do this regularly.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay compensation if you have an accident and poor eyesight was part of the cause.

    ", + "

    Who can use them

    ", + "

    You can only drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if you:

    ", + "
  • have trouble walking because of an injury, physical disability or medical condition
    • ", + "
  • are demonstrating the vehicle before it\u2019s sold
    • ", + "
  • are training a disabled user
    • ", + "
  • are taking the vehicle to or from maintenance or repair
    • ", + "

    Vehicle tax, registration and insurance

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay vehicle tax for any mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if it\u2019s registered as a \u2018class 3 invalid carriage\u2019.

    ", + "

    Check whether a vehicle is registered as an \u2018invalid carriage\u2019 by asking the seller when you buy it.

    ", + "

    Change the owner\u2019s details when you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair

    ", + "

    When you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, the seller will make you the \u2018registered keeper\u2019. This means the vehicle will be in your name. You\u2019ll get a new vehicle log book (V5C) in the post within 4 weeks of the sale.

    ", + "

    If you do not get a new vehicle log book 4 weeks after the sale, fill in an \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019 (V62) and send it to DVLA.

    ", + "

    Change your name or address

    ", + "

    If you need to change your name or address, fill in section 6 of your vehicle log book and send it to DVLA.

    ", + "

    If your mobility scooter or powered wheelchair is not a registered vehicle

    ", + "

    Most scooters and wheelchairs will already be registered by the dealer or manufacturer before you buy them.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is not registered, register it by filling in:

    ", + "
  • form V55/4 for new vehicles
    • ", + "
  • form V55/5 for used vehicles
    • ", + "

    Insurance

    ", + "

    You do not need insurance for a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, although it\u2019s recommended.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/transport-disabled": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transport-disabled", + "title": "Transport support services for disabled people", + "content": "## Trains\n\nYou can give National Rail train companies advance notice if you think you\u2019ll need any help from staff.\n\nYou can also check if a station has accessible facilities.\n\n## Wheelchairs on trains\n\nOn mainline (intercity, suburban and cross-country) trains there\u2019s space for your wheelchair. Put your chair in this space and use the brakes (or switch your wheelchair\u2019s power off) when the train\u2019s moving.\n\n## How to get help\n\nAll licensed train companies must be able to tell you:\n\n- what services and facilities are available\n\n- how to get assistance - including when there are disruptions\n\nThis is called an Accessible Travel Policy (ATP). You can get a copy of an ATP from the train company.\n\n## Disabled person\u2019s railcard\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible you can get up to a third off rail tickets by applying for a disabled person\u2019s railcard. You must provide evidence of a relevant disability.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the train company directly.\n\nIf you cannot resolve the complaint, you may be able to complain to the Rail Ombudsman. They can only consider complaints about companies that have joined the Rail Ombudsman scheme.\n\n## Planes\n\nTell your airline at least 48 hours before departure if you\u2019ll need help.\n\nAirlines and airports have different facilities for disabled people. Find out from your airport or airline if they have the facilities you need, for example a toilet with disabled access.\n\n## Help at the airport\n\nIf you have a sensory, physical or learning disability which affects your mobility when using transport, at airports in the UK and EU you have the right to:\n\n- help at specific arrival points, such as at terminal entrances, at transport interchanges and in car parks\n\n- help to reach check-in\n\n- help with registration at check-in\n\n- help with moving through the airport if you need it, including to toilets\n\n- help to board the plane\n\nYou\u2019ll also have the right to help because of your age or a temporary illness or injury - for example if you\u2019ve broken your leg and it\u2019s in a cast.\n\nYou can travel with up to 2 items of mobility equipment free of charge if you\u2019re disabled. This will not count as part of your baggage allowance.\n\n## Help on the plane\n\nIf you have a sensory, physical or learning disability which affects your mobility on a flight, in the UK and EU you have the right to:\n\n- get information about your flight in a way you understand it\n\n- help to find a seat that is suited to your needs\n\n- help to move around the plane, including to toilets\n\n## Taking your wheelchair on the plane\n\nYou cannot take your own wheelchair into the passenger cabin of a plane - it will be stored in the hold. Speak to your airline to find out what help they\u2019ll provide when boarding.\n\nTell your airline, travel agent or tour operator as soon as possible if you\u2019re taking on a battery-powered wheelchair or mobility aid.\n\n## Travelling with a companion\n\nYou must travel with a companion if you\u2019re not self reliant, for example if you need help with feeding, breathing, using medication or using the toilet.\n\nThe airline you\u2019re flying with will do their best to make sure you sit next to each other, so long as you tell them at least 48 hours before departure.\n\n## Travelling with an assistance dog\n\nYou have the right to travel with your assistance dog. You\u2019ll need to follow the rules on pet travel.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the airport or airline directly.\n\nIf you cannot resolve the problem with them, you can complain to either:\n\n- an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) body\n\n- the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) if the airline or airport does not have an agreement with an ADR\n\n## Cars, buses and coaches\n\nFind out what you need to do if you\u2019re driving and you have a medical condition or disability, for example learning to drive and getting insured.\n\nYou may be able to get a Blue Badge so you can park closer to where you want to go.\n\n## The Motability Scheme\n\nThe Motability Scheme can help you with leasing a car, powered wheelchair or scooter.\n\n## Buses and coaches\n\nYou can get a bus pass for free travel if you\u2019re disabled. Passes from councils in England can be used anywhere in England:\n\n- at any time on a Saturday, Sunday or bank holiday\n\n- from 9:30am to 11pm on any other day\n\nFor travel outside of these times, contact the relevant council.\n\n## Help getting on and off\n\nThe law says bus and coach drivers must give reasonable assistance to disabled people, for example by helping them get on and off the bus or coach. This does not mean physically lifting passengers or heavy mobility equipment.\n\nIf you need help to get on and off a coach, you should ask for this when you book your ticket.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the bus or coach service operator directly.\n\nIf you cannot resolve the problem with the operator, contact:\n\n- Bus Users UK for complaints about services outside of London\n\n- London TravelWatch for complaints about services in London\n\n- your local government ombudsman for complaints about bus passes\n\n## Taxis and minicabs\n\nLicensed taxis can be hailed on the street, picked up at ranks or pre-booked, but you can only pre-book minicabs (also called \u2018private hire vehicles\u2019).\n\n## Wheelchair access\n\nIn some areas (mainly larger cities), licensed taxis have to be wheelchair accessible.\n\nTo find out if there are accessible taxis near you, contact the taxi licensing office at your local council.\n\n## London taxis\n\nIn London, all black cabs are wheelchair accessible.\n\nSome of the newer \u2018black cabs\u2019 are also fitted with induction loops and intercoms for hearing aid users.\n\n## Assistance dogs\n\nIf you travel with an assistance dog they must be allowed into the taxi or minicab with you, unless the driver has an exemption certificate. This can be issued if they\u2019ve got a medical condition made worse by contact with dogs.\n\nA driver with an exemption certificate will have a \u2018Notice of Exemption\u2019 notice on their vehicle windscreen.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to be charged extra to travel in a taxi or minicab with an assistance dog. Otherwise the driver could be fined up to \u00a31,000.\n\nThe following types of dog can be taken with you in taxis or minicabs:\n\n- guide dogs\n\n- hearing dogs\n\n- assistance dogs trained by Dogs for the Disabled, Support Dogs or Canine Partners\n\n## Travelling with your dog\n\nTaxi and private hire vehicle drivers have been told how to identify assistance dogs.\n\nYour assistance dog should wear its harness or identification jacket when you are travelling with it. If an identification card was issued for the dog, this should also be carried.\n\nDogs should remain on the floor and under control at all times. If your dog causes any damage to the vehicle, the driver could ask you to pay for it.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nAs well as the rules on wheelchairs and assistance dogs, all taxi and minicab drivers must make sure they do not discriminate against you and cannot treat you less favourably than other customers. They should also make any \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to their service for you to make your journey easier.\n\nYou should report any problems to the taxi licensing office at your local council.\n\n## Ships\n\nYou can get help if you\u2019re disabled and travelling on any of the following:\n\n- a cruise ship that\u2019s leaving from a port within the UK\n\n- a ferry that\u2019s leaving from or going to a port within the UK\n\n- a local ferry service, for example by river bus\n\nIf you need to make specific arrangements for your journey (for example if you have certain accommodation or seating requirements), you should tell the cruise line, ferry service, travel agent or tour operator at least 48 hours before departure.\n\n## Travelling with a carer\n\nYou should let the cruise line or ferry service know if you need to travel with a carer. On a ferry, your carer might be able to travel for free.\n\n## Help getting on and off\n\nTell the cruise line or ferry service at least 48 hours before departure if you need help getting on and off the ship.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the cruise line or ferry service company directly.\n\nIf it cannot be resolved you can contact an independent organisation to look into your complaint.\n\nIn England or Wales, you can contact:\n\n- Association of British Travel Agents (ABTA), for complaints about ferries\n\n- London Travel Watch, for complaints about London River Bus services\n\n- Cruise Line International Association (CLIA), for complaints about cruises\n\nIn Scotland, you can contact Transport Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you can contact the Consumer Council of Northern Ireland.\n\n## Wheelchairs\n\nShopmobility lends wheelchairs and powered scooters to people who are disabled so they can shop or visit leisure facilities in a town, city or shopping centre.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Trains

    ", + "

    You can give National Rail train companies advance notice if you think you\u2019ll need any help from staff.

    ", + "

    You can also check if a station has accessible facilities.

    ", + "

    Wheelchairs on trains

    ", + "

    On mainline (intercity, suburban and cross-country) trains there\u2019s space for your wheelchair. Put your chair in this space and use the brakes (or switch your wheelchair\u2019s power off) when the train\u2019s moving.

    ", + "

    How to get help

    ", + "

    All licensed train companies must be able to tell you:

    ", + "
  • what services and facilities are available
    • ", + "
  • how to get assistance - including when there are disruptions
    • ", + "

    This is called an Accessible Travel Policy (ATP). You can get a copy of an ATP from the train company.

    ", + "

    Disabled person\u2019s railcard

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible you can get up to a third off rail tickets by applying for a disabled person\u2019s railcard. You must provide evidence of a relevant disability.

    ", + "

    Report a problem

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the train company directly.

    ", + "

    If you cannot resolve the complaint, you may be able to complain to the Rail Ombudsman. They can only consider complaints about companies that have joined the Rail Ombudsman scheme.

    ", + "

    Planes

    ", + "

    Tell your airline at least 48 hours before departure if you\u2019ll need help.

    ", + "

    Airlines and airports have different facilities for disabled people. Find out from your airport or airline if they have the facilities you need, for example a toilet with disabled access.

    ", + "

    Help at the airport

    ", + "

    If you have a sensory, physical or learning disability which affects your mobility when using transport, at airports in the UK and EU you have the right to:

    ", + "
  • help at specific arrival points, such as at terminal entrances, at transport interchanges and in car parks
    • ", + "
  • help to reach check-in
    • ", + "
  • help with registration at check-in
    • ", + "
  • help with moving through the airport if you need it, including to toilets
    • ", + "
  • help to board the plane
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have the right to help because of your age or a temporary illness or injury - for example if you\u2019ve broken your leg and it\u2019s in a cast.

    ", + "

    You can travel with up to 2 items of mobility equipment free of charge if you\u2019re disabled. This will not count as part of your baggage allowance.

    ", + "

    Help on the plane

    ", + "

    If you have a sensory, physical or learning disability which affects your mobility on a flight, in the UK and EU you have the right to:

    ", + "
  • get information about your flight in a way you understand it
    • ", + "
  • help to find a seat that is suited to your needs
    • ", + "
  • help to move around the plane, including to toilets
    • ", + "

    Taking your wheelchair on the plane

    ", + "

    You cannot take your own wheelchair into the passenger cabin of a plane - it will be stored in the hold. Speak to your airline to find out what help they\u2019ll provide when boarding.

    ", + "

    Tell your airline, travel agent or tour operator as soon as possible if you\u2019re taking on a battery-powered wheelchair or mobility aid.

    ", + "

    Travelling with a companion

    ", + "

    You must travel with a companion if you\u2019re not self reliant, for example if you need help with feeding, breathing, using medication or using the toilet.

    ", + "

    The airline you\u2019re flying with will do their best to make sure you sit next to each other, so long as you tell them at least 48 hours before departure.

    ", + "

    Travelling with an assistance dog

    ", + "

    You have the right to travel with your assistance dog. You\u2019ll need to follow the rules on pet travel.

    ", + "

    Report a problem

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the airport or airline directly.

    ", + "

    If you cannot resolve the problem with them, you can complain to either:

    ", + "
  • an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) body
    • ", + "
  • the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) if the airline or airport does not have an agreement with an ADR
    • ", + "

    Cars, buses and coaches

    ", + "

    Find out what you need to do if you\u2019re driving and you have a medical condition or disability, for example learning to drive and getting insured.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a Blue Badge so you can park closer to where you want to go.

    ", + "

    The Motability Scheme

    ", + "

    The Motability Scheme can help you with leasing a car, powered wheelchair or scooter.

    ", + "

    Buses and coaches

    ", + "

    You can get a bus pass for free travel if you\u2019re disabled. Passes from councils in England can be used anywhere in England:

    ", + "
  • at any time on a Saturday, Sunday or bank holiday
    • ", + "
  • from 9:30am to 11pm on any other day
    • ", + "

    For travel outside of these times, contact the relevant council.

    ", + "

    Help getting on and off

    ", + "

    The law says bus and coach drivers must give reasonable assistance to disabled people, for example by helping them get on and off the bus or coach. This does not mean physically lifting passengers or heavy mobility equipment.

    ", + "

    If you need help to get on and off a coach, you should ask for this when you book your ticket.

    ", + "

    Report a problem

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the bus or coach service operator directly.

    ", + "

    If you cannot resolve the problem with the operator, contact:

    ", + "
  • Bus Users UK for complaints about services outside of London
    • ", + "
  • London TravelWatch for complaints about services in London
    • ", + "
  • your local government ombudsman for complaints about bus passes
    • ", + "

    Taxis and minicabs

    ", + "

    Licensed taxis can be hailed on the street, picked up at ranks or pre-booked, but you can only pre-book minicabs (also called \u2018private hire vehicles\u2019).

    ", + "

    Wheelchair access

    ", + "

    In some areas (mainly larger cities), licensed taxis have to be wheelchair accessible.

    ", + "

    To find out if there are accessible taxis near you, contact the taxi licensing office at your local council.

    ", + "

    London taxis

    ", + "

    In London, all black cabs are wheelchair accessible.

    ", + "

    Some of the newer \u2018black cabs\u2019 are also fitted with induction loops and intercoms for hearing aid users.

    ", + "

    Assistance dogs

    ", + "

    If you travel with an assistance dog they must be allowed into the taxi or minicab with you, unless the driver has an exemption certificate. This can be issued if they\u2019ve got a medical condition made worse by contact with dogs.

    ", + "

    A driver with an exemption certificate will have a \u2018Notice of Exemption\u2019 notice on their vehicle windscreen.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to be charged extra to travel in a taxi or minicab with an assistance dog. Otherwise the driver could be fined up to \u00a31,000.

    ", + "

    The following types of dog can be taken with you in taxis or minicabs:

    ", + "
  • guide dogs
    • ", + "
  • hearing dogs
    • ", + "
  • assistance dogs trained by Dogs for the Disabled, Support Dogs or Canine Partners
    • ", + "

    Travelling with your dog

    ", + "

    Taxi and private hire vehicle drivers have been told how to identify assistance dogs.

    ", + "

    Your assistance dog should wear its harness or identification jacket when you are travelling with it. If an identification card was issued for the dog, this should also be carried.

    ", + "

    Dogs should remain on the floor and under control at all times. If your dog causes any damage to the vehicle, the driver could ask you to pay for it.

    ", + "

    Report a problem

    ", + "

    As well as the rules on wheelchairs and assistance dogs, all taxi and minicab drivers must make sure they do not discriminate against you and cannot treat you less favourably than other customers. They should also make any \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to their service for you to make your journey easier.

    ", + "

    You should report any problems to the taxi licensing office at your local council.

    ", + "

    Ships

    ", + "

    You can get help if you\u2019re disabled and travelling on any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a cruise ship that\u2019s leaving from a port within the UK
    • ", + "
  • a ferry that\u2019s leaving from or going to a port within the UK
    • ", + "
  • a local ferry service, for example by river bus
    • ", + "

    If you need to make specific arrangements for your journey (for example if you have certain accommodation or seating requirements), you should tell the cruise line, ferry service, travel agent or tour operator at least 48 hours before departure.

    ", + "

    Travelling with a carer

    ", + "

    You should let the cruise line or ferry service know if you need to travel with a carer. On a ferry, your carer might be able to travel for free.

    ", + "

    Help getting on and off

    ", + "

    Tell the cruise line or ferry service at least 48 hours before departure if you need help getting on and off the ship.

    ", + "

    Report a problem

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the cruise line or ferry service company directly.

    ", + "

    If it cannot be resolved you can contact an independent organisation to look into your complaint.

    ", + "

    In England or Wales, you can contact:

    ", + "
  • Association of British Travel Agents (ABTA), for complaints about ferries
    • ", + "
  • London Travel Watch, for complaints about London River Bus services
    • ", + "
  • Cruise Line International Association (CLIA), for complaints about cruises
    • ", + "

    In Scotland, you can contact Transport Scotland.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, you can contact the Consumer Council of Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Wheelchairs

    ", + "

    Shopmobility lends wheelchairs and powered scooters to people who are disabled so they can shop or visit leisure facilities in a town, city or shopping centre.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/recruitment-disabled-people": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/recruitment-disabled-people", + "title": "Recruitment and disabled people", + "content": "## Job specifications\n\nThe job specification (or \u2018person requirements\u2019) of a vacancy must not exclude disabled people from applying for a job.\n\nHowever, some jobs may have an essential requirement that cannot be met with a reasonable adjustment.\n\nIf you reject a disabled candidate, it must be based on their performance at interview rather than having to make reasonable adjustments.\n\n## Encouraging applications\n\nYour local Jobcentre Plus can help with:\n\n- making sure your application process is accessible\n\n- advising you about recruitment practices that open up jobs to disabled people\n\n- information about making reasonable adjustments that can help someone start or keep their job\n\nContact Jobcentre Plus to find out more.\n\n## Apply for the disability confident scheme\n\nSign up as a disability confident committed employer. When you\u2019ve done this you can use the disability confident badge on adverts to show you encourage applications from disabled people.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nYou must provide information about the vacancy in alternative formats (for example, large print) on request if this is reasonable. You must also accept applications in alternative formats (for example, electronically) where possible.\n\n## Reasonable adjustments\n\nYou can ask if a candidate needs an adjustment to the recruitment process to allow them to be considered for the job, or you can wait to be told.\n\nYou must make adjustments if they\u2019re reasonable, for example allowing:\n\n- wheelchair users to have their interview on the ground floor\n\n- candidates to complete a written test using a computer\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made a job offer, you can ask what adjustments they\u2019ll need to do the job.\n\nYou can get help paying for extra support in the workplace through an Access to Work grant but you cannot use the money for reasonable adjustments.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Job specifications

    ", + "

    The job specification (or \u2018person requirements\u2019) of a vacancy must not exclude disabled people from applying for a job.

    ", + "

    However, some jobs may have an essential requirement that cannot be met with a reasonable adjustment.

    ", + "

    If you reject a disabled candidate, it must be based on their performance at interview rather than having to make reasonable adjustments.

    ", + "

    Encouraging applications

    ", + "

    Your local Jobcentre Plus can help with:

    ", + "
  • making sure your application process is accessible
    • ", + "
  • advising you about recruitment practices that open up jobs to disabled people
    • ", + "
  • information about making reasonable adjustments that can help someone start or keep their job
    • ", + "

    Contact Jobcentre Plus to find out more.

    ", + "

    Apply for the disability confident scheme

    ", + "

    Sign up as a disability confident committed employer. When you\u2019ve done this you can use the disability confident badge on adverts to show you encourage applications from disabled people.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    You must provide information about the vacancy in alternative formats (for example, large print) on request if this is reasonable. You must also accept applications in alternative formats (for example, electronically) where possible.

    ", + "

    Reasonable adjustments

    ", + "

    You can ask if a candidate needs an adjustment to the recruitment process to allow them to be considered for the job, or you can wait to be told.

    ", + "

    You must make adjustments if they\u2019re reasonable, for example allowing:

    ", + "
  • wheelchair users to have their interview on the ground floor
    • ", + "
  • candidates to complete a written test using a computer
    • ", + "

    After you\u2019ve made a job offer, you can ask what adjustments they\u2019ll need to do the job.

    ", + "

    You can get help paying for extra support in the workplace through an Access to Work grant but you cannot use the money for reasonable adjustments.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/towing-with-car": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/towing-with-car", + "title": "Towing with a car", + "content": "## What you can tow\n\nThe rules on what you can tow are different depending on when you passed your driving test.\n\nView your driving licence information to see if you\u2019re allowed to tow.\n\n## Licences issued from 1 January 1997\n\nIf you passed your car driving test on or after 1 January 1997 you can:\n\n- drive a car or van up to 3,500kg maximum authorised mass (MAM) towing a trailer of up to 750kg MAM\n\n- tow a trailer over 750kg MAM as long as the combined MAM of the trailer and towing vehicle is no more than 3,500kg\n\nMAM is the limit on how much the vehicle can weigh when it\u2019s loaded.\n\nYou have to pass the car and trailer driving test if you want to tow anything heavier.\n\n## Licences issued before 1 January 1997\n\nIf you passed your car test before 1 January 1997 you\u2019re usually allowed to drive a vehicle and trailer combination up to 8,250kg MAM. View your driving licence information to check.\n\nYou\u2019re also allowed to drive a minibus with a trailer over 750kg MAM.\n\n## Towing heavier combinations\n\nFollow these steps if you want to tow heavier combinations.\n\n- Apply for provisional licence for a medium-sized lorry and trailer (category C1+E).\n\n- Pass the lorry theory test.\n\n- Pass the C1+E driving test.\n\nYou need to take extra Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) tests if driving the medium-sized lorry is the main part of your job.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve done this you can drive vehicles and trailers with a combined weight of up to 12,000kg MAM.\n\n## Towing weight and width limits\n\nMost cars have a maximum weight they can tow. It\u2019s usually listed in the handbook or specification sheet.\n\nAlternatively the vehicle\u2019s \u2018gross train weight\u2019 may be listed on the vehicle identification number (VIN) plate on the car. This is normally under the bonnet or inside the driver\u2019s door.\n\nThe gross train weight is the weight of the fully-loaded car plus fully-loaded trailer and must not be exceeded.\n\nIf your VIN plate doesn\u2019t list a train weight, you should not use your vehicle for towing.\n\n## Width and length\n\nThe maximum trailer width for any towing vehicle is 2.55 metres.\n\nThe maximum length for a trailer towed by a vehicle weighing up to 3,500kg is 7 metres. This length does not include the A-frame.\n\n## Trailers, caravans and towing equipment\n\nThe equipment you use with your trailer or caravan must:\n\n- meet certain safety standards\n\n- be used correctly\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for using a vehicle in a dangerous condition.\n\nCarry out safety checks to make sure you\u2019re using the trailer and equipment legally.\n\n## Towing bars\n\nIf you get a tow bar for your car, it needs to be \u2018type approved\u2019. This means it meets EU regulations and is designed for your car.\n\nType-approved tow bars have a label with:\n\n- an approval number\n\n- details of the vehicles it\u2019s approved for\n\nIf your car was first used before 1 August 1998, your tow bar doesn\u2019t need to be type-approved.\n\n## Towing mirrors\n\nYou must have an adequate view of the road behind you.\n\nFit suitable towing mirrors if your trailer or caravan is wider than the rear of your car.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get 3 penalty points for towing without proper towing mirrors.\n\n## Trailer or caravan brakes\n\nYour trailer must have a working brake system if it weighs over 750kg when it\u2019s loaded.\n\nSome smaller trailers also have brakes, but these are optional.\n\nAny brakes must be in good working order.\n\nYou must use a breakaway cable or secondary coupling in case the trailer becomes detached from your car.\n\n## Number plates\n\nYou must display the same number plate on your trailer as on your towing car.\n\nIf you tow more than one trailer at a time, fix the number plate to the trailer at the back.\n\n## Towing an American caravan or trailer\n\nAmerican trailers and caravans don\u2019t always meet European safety regulations.\n\nIf you want to use an American caravan or trailer in the UK or the EU, you must first check that it\u2019s legal.\n\nRead more about brakes and couplings for American caravans and trailers.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What you can tow

    ", + "

    The rules on what you can tow are different depending on when you passed your driving test.

    ", + "

    View your driving licence information to see if you\u2019re allowed to tow.

    ", + "

    Licences issued from 1 January 1997

    ", + "

    If you passed your car driving test on or after 1 January 1997 you can:

    ", + "
  • drive a car or van up to 3,500kg maximum authorised mass (MAM) towing a trailer of up to 750kg MAM
    • ", + "
  • tow a trailer over 750kg MAM as long as the combined MAM of the trailer and towing vehicle is no more than 3,500kg
    • ", + "

    MAM is the limit on how much the vehicle can weigh when it\u2019s loaded.

    ", + "

    You have to pass the car and trailer driving test if you want to tow anything heavier.

    ", + "

    Licences issued before 1 January 1997

    ", + "

    If you passed your car test before 1 January 1997 you\u2019re usually allowed to drive a vehicle and trailer combination up to 8,250kg MAM. View your driving licence information to check.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also allowed to drive a minibus with a trailer over 750kg MAM.

    ", + "

    Towing heavier combinations

    ", + "

    Follow these steps if you want to tow heavier combinations.

    ", + "
  • Apply for provisional licence for a medium-sized lorry and trailer (category C1+E).
    • ", + "
  • Pass the lorry theory test.
    • ", + "
  • Pass the C1+E driving test.
    • ", + "

    You need to take extra Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) tests if driving the medium-sized lorry is the main part of your job.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve done this you can drive vehicles and trailers with a combined weight of up to 12,000kg MAM.

    ", + "

    Towing weight and width limits

    ", + "

    Most cars have a maximum weight they can tow. It\u2019s usually listed in the handbook or specification sheet.

    ", + "

    Alternatively the vehicle\u2019s \u2018gross train weight\u2019 may be listed on the vehicle identification number (VIN) plate on the car. This is normally under the bonnet or inside the driver\u2019s door.

    ", + "

    The gross train weight is the weight of the fully-loaded car plus fully-loaded trailer and must not be exceeded.

    ", + "

    If your VIN plate doesn\u2019t list a train weight, you should not use your vehicle for towing.

    ", + "

    Width and length

    ", + "

    The maximum trailer width for any towing vehicle is 2.55 metres.

    ", + "

    The maximum length for a trailer towed by a vehicle weighing up to 3,500kg is 7 metres. This length does not include the A-frame.

    ", + "

    Trailers, caravans and towing equipment

    ", + "

    The equipment you use with your trailer or caravan must:

    ", + "
  • meet certain safety standards
    • ", + "
  • be used correctly
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for using a vehicle in a dangerous condition.

    ", + "

    Carry out safety checks to make sure you\u2019re using the trailer and equipment legally.

    ", + "

    Towing bars

    ", + "

    If you get a tow bar for your car, it needs to be \u2018type approved\u2019. This means it meets EU regulations and is designed for your car.

    ", + "

    Type-approved tow bars have a label with:

    ", + "
  • an approval number
    • ", + "
  • details of the vehicles it\u2019s approved for
    • ", + "

    If your car was first used before 1 August 1998, your tow bar doesn\u2019t need to be type-approved.

    ", + "

    Towing mirrors

    ", + "

    You must have an adequate view of the road behind you.

    ", + "

    Fit suitable towing mirrors if your trailer or caravan is wider than the rear of your car.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get 3 penalty points for towing without proper towing mirrors.

    ", + "

    Trailer or caravan brakes

    ", + "

    Your trailer must have a working brake system if it weighs over 750kg when it\u2019s loaded.

    ", + "

    Some smaller trailers also have brakes, but these are optional.

    ", + "

    Any brakes must be in good working order.

    ", + "

    You must use a breakaway cable or secondary coupling in case the trailer becomes detached from your car.

    ", + "

    Number plates

    ", + "

    You must display the same number plate on your trailer as on your towing car.

    ", + "

    If you tow more than one trailer at a time, fix the number plate to the trailer at the back.

    ", + "

    Towing an American caravan or trailer

    ", + "

    American trailers and caravans don\u2019t always meet European safety regulations.

    ", + "

    If you want to use an American caravan or trailer in the UK or the EU, you must first check that it\u2019s legal.

    ", + "

    Read more about brakes and couplings for American caravans and trailers.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/car-trailer-driving-test": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/car-trailer-driving-test", + "title": "Car and trailer driving test", + "content": "## Booking your test\n\nYou can book your car and trailer driving test when you\u2019ve got a full car driving licence. You do not need to pass another theory test.\n\nThe test is sometimes called the \u2018B+E test\u2019. Check the rules to see if you need to take it.\n\nTo pass the driving test you must be able to:\n\n- drive safely in different road and traffic conditions\n\n- show that you know The Highway Code by the way you drive\n\nThe national standard for driving cars tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test. Only take your test when you can do everything without instruction.\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked.\n\nYou can check the details if you\u2019ve lost the email confirmation you were sent when you booked your test.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your driving test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your UK driving licence\n\n- a car and trailer that meet the rules\n\n- a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your driving test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering during your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nIf you cannot wear a face covering during your test, you or your driving school must tell DVSA when booking your appointment.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\nBecause of COVID-19 the car you use must have the windows open throughout the test. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nApply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\n## If you do not have a photocard licence\n\nBring a valid passport and your paper licence.\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nBring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.\n\n## What happens during the car and trailer test\n\nThere are 6 parts to the driving test:\n\n- an eyesight check\n\n- \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions\n\n- reversing your vehicle\n\n- general driving ability\n\n- independent driving\n\n- uncoupling and recoupling the trailer\n\nYou\u2019ll drive for around 50 minutes.\n\n## Eyesight check\n\nYou\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example, AB51 ABC.\n\nYou\u2019ll fail your driving test if you fail the eyesight check. The test will end.\n\n## \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked 5 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions. These test that you know how to carry out basic safety checks.\n\n## Reversing your vehicle\n\nYou\u2019ll have to show that you can manoeuvre your car and trailer into a restricted space and stop at a certain point.\n\nThe examiner will show you a diagram of where to reverse your vehicle.\n\n## Your general driving ability\n\nYou\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, including motorways where possible.\n\nThe examiner will give you directions that you should follow. Driving test routes are not published, so you cannot check them before your test.\n\n## Pulling over at the side of the road\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to pull over and pull away during your test, including:\n\n- normal stops at the side of the road\n\n- pulling out from behind a parked vehicle\n\n- a hill start\n\n## Independent driving\n\nYou\u2019ll have to drive for about 10 minutes by following either:\n\n- traffic signs\n\n- a series of verbal directions\n\n- a combination of both\n\nThe examiner can show you a simple diagram to help you understand where you\u2019re going when following verbal directions.\n\nYou cannot use a sat nav.\n\n## If you cannot see traffic signs\n\nIf you cannot see a traffic sign (for example, because it\u2019s covered by trees), the examiner will give you directions until you can see the next one.\n\n## Forgetting the directions\n\nYou can ask the examiner to confirm the directions if you forget them. It does not matter if you do not remember every direction.\n\n## Going off the route\n\nYour test result will not be affected if you go off the route, unless you make a fault while doing it.\n\nThe examiner will help you get back on the route if you take a wrong turning.\n\n## Uncoupling and recoupling the trailer\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to:\n\n- uncouple your car from the trailer\n\n- park the car alongside the trailer\n\n- realign the car with the trailer and recouple them\n\n## If you make mistakes during your test\n\nYou can carry on if you make a mistake during your driving test.\n\nIf you make a serious or dangerous mistake (sometimes called a \u2018major fault\u2019), your examiner will stop the test and direct you back to the driving test centre. This is to minimise the amount of time you need to spend in the car together.\n\n## Driving test faults and your result\n\nThere are 3 types of faults you can make:\n\n- a dangerous fault - this involves actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- a serious fault - something potentially dangerous\n\n- a driving fault - this is not potentially dangerous, but if you keep making the same fault, it could become a serious fault\n\n## Pass mark\n\nYou\u2019ll pass your driving test if you make:\n\n- no more than 15 driving faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass your test\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate\n\n- ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your licence if you want to do this\n\nIf you choose not to get your licence sent to you automatically, you\u2019ve got 2 years to apply for it. After that you\u2019ll need to take the test again.\n\n## When you can start driving\n\nYou can start towing straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.\n\nContact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nThe examiner will tell you what faults you made.\n\nIf you want to resit the test, you\u2019ll need to pay again to book another test.\n\n## Appeal your driving test\n\nYou can appeal your driving test if you can prove that your driving examiner did not follow the law.\n\nRead the guidance on appealing your driving test to check if your examiner followed the law.\n\nIf you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA).\n\nIf DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.\n\nIf DVSA does not agree with your complaint, you may be able to appeal to a court instead.\n\n## Appeal your driving test to a court\n\nYou can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.\n\nYour test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.\n\nYou might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to appeal within:\n\n- 6 months of your driving test in England and Wales\n\n- 21 days of your driving test in Scotland\n\nCheck if you can appeal.\n\n## Rules for the car you use\n\nThe car that you use to tow the trailer must meet certain rules.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.\n\n## Rules about the car\n\nYour car must:\n\n- be taxed\n\n- be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)\n\n- be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)\n\n- have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light\n\n- have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre\n\n- be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test\n\n- be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer\n\n- have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500kg\n\nThe MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety\n\nBecause of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.\n\nThis means:\n\n- tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats\n\n- wiping down the dashboard and car controls\n\nThe examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.\n\nThe car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Things that must be fitted\n\nThe car must have:\n\n- extra mirrors mounted onto the wing mirrors on both the passenger and driver side (for the examiner to use)\n\n- L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front of the car and rear of the trailer\n\n- a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)\n\n## Manual and automatic cars\n\nYou can take the test in a:\n\n- manual car - these have 3 pedals\n\n- automatic or semi-automatic car - these have 2 pedals\n\nThe type of car and trailer you can drive after passing the test depends on:\n\n- what your licence is already for\n\n- what type of car you take the test in\n\n## What you can drive after passing the car and trailer test\n\n| Existing car licence | Car you use for the test | Cars you can drive when towing | Cars you can drive when not towing |\n\n| Manual | Manual | Manual and automatic | Manual and automatic |\n\n| Automatic | Automatic | Automatic | Automatic |\n\n| Automatic | Manual | Manual and automatic | Manual and automatic |\n\n| Manual | Automatic | Automatic | Manual and automatic |\n\n## Hire cars\n\nYou can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.\n\n## Vehicle features\n\nYou can use a car with:\n\n- an electronic parking brake\n\n- hill-start assist\n\n## Cars with known safety faults\n\nYou cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you bring proof to the test that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.\n\n| Model | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date |\n\n| Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sept 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Build dates between 9 Sept 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and\u00a00N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n## Proof you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring proof that says one of the following:\n\n- the car was recalled and the recall work has been done\n\n- the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done\n\n- the car was not part of the recall\n\nThe proof must be either:\n\n- the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer\n\n- on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.\n\n## Rules for the trailer you use\n\nThe trailer you use and the load it carries must meet certain rules.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your trailer or load do not meet the rules.\n\nThe trailer you use must:\n\n- be a closed box body, such as a horsebox\n\n- be around the same width and height as the car - you must only be able to see to the rear by using external mirrors, and not through the rear window\n\n- have a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of at least 1,000kg - you need proof to show the examiner, for example, the manufacturer\u2019s plate\n\nThe MAM is the limit on how much the trailer can weigh when it\u2019s loaded.\n\n## Rules about the load\n\nThe trailer must carry a load of at least 600kg. The combined weight of the trailer and load must be at least 800kg.\n\nThe load must be secured safely to the trailer. Your test will be cancelled if it is not.\n\nThe load can be either:\n\n- bagged aggregates weighing at least 600kg, for example, sand, stone chippings or gravel (but not toxic materials)\n\n- a 600 litre or 1,000 litre intermediate bulk container, completely full of water\n\nIntermediate bulk containers are industrial containers for transporting liquids. They\u2019re made from semi-transparent plastic and are usually reinforced with a wire frame.\n\n## Bags of aggregate\n\nEach bag of aggregate must:\n\n- be sealed\n\n- weigh at least 10kg (all bags must weigh the same)\n\n- have the weight clearly marked on it\n\nYou can also use a single bag if it weighs 600kg or 1,000kg.\n\n## Water in containers\n\nWater must be in an intermediate bulk container. The examiner must be able to see that it is full.\n\n## If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty\n\nWhen you book your driving test you should say if you have a:\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n- learning difficulty\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to drive to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.\n\nIf your health condition or disability means you cannot wear a face covering during your test, you or your driving school must tell DVSA when booking your appointment.\n\n## You have a disability\n\nAt the start of the test, the examiner will talk to you about:\n\n- your disability\n\n- any adaptations fitted to your car\n\nIf you\u2019re physically unable to uncouple and recouple the car and trailer, you can be asked questions to check your understanding instead.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nThe examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.\n\nThe examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.\n\n## Using a sign language interpreter\n\nYou can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.\n\nYour driving instructor can be your interpreter.\n\nYou need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge. You can claim the cost back after your test.\n\n## You\u2019re pregnant\n\nYou can take a driving test at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to do an emergency stop.\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nWhen you do the eyesight check at the start of the driving test, you can write down the number plate instead of reading it out loud.\n\n## You have learning difficulties\n\nThe examiner will make adjustments for the independent driving part of the test if you have learning difficulties.\n\nThey might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of verbal directions.\n\nYou might be able to choose to follow a set of directions using a diagram. You\u2019ll normally be asked to follow up to 3 directions at a time, but the examiner can reduce this to 2 at a time.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather\n\nYour driving test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.\n\n## If your test is cancelled because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou\u2019ll be emailed with a new date if your driving test is cancelled because of COVID-19.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nDriving tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it is not suitable. Your driving school will need to change your test date for you if they booked it.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your vehicle\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your vehicle, for example, if your car breaks down during the test or the car or trailer do not meet the rules to be used\n\nYour driving school will need to rearrange your test for you if they booked it.\n\n## If your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it is not suitable. Your driving school will need to change your test date for you if they booked it.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Booking your test

    ", + "

    You can book your car and trailer driving test when you\u2019ve got a full car driving licence. You do not need to pass another theory test.

    ", + "

    The test is sometimes called the \u2018B+E test\u2019. Check the rules to see if you need to take it.

    ", + "

    To pass the driving test you must be able to:

    ", + "
  • drive safely in different road and traffic conditions
    • ", + "
  • show that you know The Highway Code by the way you drive
    • ", + "

    The national standard for driving cars tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test. Only take your test when you can do everything without instruction.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your test.

    ", + "

    Change or check your test details

    ", + "

    You can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked.

    ", + "

    You can check the details if you\u2019ve lost the email confirmation you were sent when you booked your test.

    ", + "

    Rebook your test

    ", + "

    Rebook your driving test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must take:

    ", + "
  • your UK driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a car and trailer that meet the rules
    • ", + "
  • a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not go to your driving test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You must bring and wear a face covering during your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:

    ", + "
  • having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    If you cannot wear a face covering during your test, you or your driving school must tell DVSA when booking your appointment.

    ", + "

    You can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19 the car you use must have the windows open throughout the test. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    ", + "

    Your driving licence

    ", + "

    Apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport and your paper licence.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Bring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.

    ", + "

    What happens during the car and trailer test

    ", + "

    There are 6 parts to the driving test:

    ", + "
  • an eyesight check
    • ", + "
  • \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions
    • ", + "
  • reversing your vehicle
    • ", + "
  • general driving ability
    • ", + "
  • independent driving
    • ", + "
  • uncoupling and recoupling the trailer
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive for around 50 minutes.

    ", + "

    Eyesight check

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:

    ", + "
  • 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate
    • ", + "
  • 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate
    • ", + "

    New-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example, AB51 ABC.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll fail your driving test if you fail the eyesight check. The test will end.

    ", + "

    \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked 5 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions. These test that you know how to carry out basic safety checks.

    ", + "

    Reversing your vehicle

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to show that you can manoeuvre your car and trailer into a restricted space and stop at a certain point.

    ", + "

    The examiner will show you a diagram of where to reverse your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Your general driving ability

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, including motorways where possible.

    ", + "

    The examiner will give you directions that you should follow. Driving test routes are not published, so you cannot check them before your test.

    ", + "

    Pulling over at the side of the road

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to pull over and pull away during your test, including:

    ", + "
  • normal stops at the side of the road
    • ", + "
  • pulling out from behind a parked vehicle
    • ", + "
  • a hill start
    • ", + "

    Independent driving

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to drive for about 10 minutes by following either:

    ", + "
  • traffic signs
    • ", + "
  • a series of verbal directions
    • ", + "
  • a combination of both
    • ", + "

    The examiner can show you a simple diagram to help you understand where you\u2019re going when following verbal directions.

    ", + "

    You cannot use a sat nav.

    ", + "

    If you cannot see traffic signs

    ", + "

    If you cannot see a traffic sign (for example, because it\u2019s covered by trees), the examiner will give you directions until you can see the next one.

    ", + "

    Forgetting the directions

    ", + "

    You can ask the examiner to confirm the directions if you forget them. It does not matter if you do not remember every direction.

    ", + "

    Going off the route

    ", + "

    Your test result will not be affected if you go off the route, unless you make a fault while doing it.

    ", + "

    The examiner will help you get back on the route if you take a wrong turning.

    ", + "

    Uncoupling and recoupling the trailer

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to:

    ", + "
  • uncouple your car from the trailer
    • ", + "
  • park the car alongside the trailer
    • ", + "
  • realign the car with the trailer and recouple them
    • ", + "

    If you make mistakes during your test

    ", + "

    You can carry on if you make a mistake during your driving test.

    ", + "

    If you make a serious or dangerous mistake (sometimes called a \u2018major fault\u2019), your examiner will stop the test and direct you back to the driving test centre. This is to minimise the amount of time you need to spend in the car together.

    ", + "

    Driving test faults and your result

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of faults you can make:

    ", + "
  • a dangerous fault - this involves actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property
    • ", + "
  • a serious fault - something potentially dangerous
    • ", + "
  • a driving fault - this is not potentially dangerous, but if you keep making the same fault, it could become a serious fault
    • ", + "

    Pass mark

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pass your driving test if you make:

    ", + "
  • no more than 15 driving faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you pass your test

    ", + "

    The examiner will:

    ", + "
  • tell you what faults you made, if any
    • ", + "
  • give you a pass certificate
    • ", + "
  • ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your licence if you want to do this
    • ", + "

    If you choose not to get your licence sent to you automatically, you\u2019ve got 2 years to apply for it. After that you\u2019ll need to take the test again.

    ", + "

    When you can start driving

    ", + "

    You can start towing straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass

    ", + "

    The examiner will tell you what faults you made.

    ", + "

    If you want to resit the test, you\u2019ll need to pay again to book another test.

    ", + "

    Appeal your driving test

    ", + "

    You can appeal your driving test if you can prove that your driving examiner did not follow the law.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on appealing your driving test to check if your examiner followed the law.

    ", + "

    If you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA).

    ", + "

    If DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.

    ", + "

    If DVSA does not agree with your complaint, you may be able to appeal to a court instead.

    ", + "

    Appeal your driving test to a court

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.

    ", + "

    Your test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to appeal within:

    ", + "
  • 6 months of your driving test in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • 21 days of your driving test in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Check if you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Rules for the car you use

    ", + "

    The car that you use to tow the trailer must meet certain rules.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.

    ", + "

    Rules about the car

    ", + "

    Your car must:

    ", + "
  • be taxed
    • ", + "
  • be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)
    • ", + "
  • be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)
    • ", + "
  • have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light
    • ", + "
  • have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre
    • ", + "
  • be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test
    • ", + "
  • be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer
    • ", + "
  • have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500kg
    • ", + "

    The MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.

    ", + "

    This means:

    ", + "
  • tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats
    • ", + "
  • wiping down the dashboard and car controls
    • ", + "

    The examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.

    ", + "

    The car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    ", + "

    Things that must be fitted

    ", + "

    The car must have:

    ", + "
  • extra mirrors mounted onto the wing mirrors on both the passenger and driver side (for the examiner to use)
    • ", + "
  • L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front of the car and rear of the trailer
    • ", + "
  • a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)
    • ", + "

    Manual and automatic cars

    ", + "

    You can take the test in a:

    ", + "
  • manual car - these have 3 pedals
    • ", + "
  • automatic or semi-automatic car - these have 2 pedals
    • ", + "

    The type of car and trailer you can drive after passing the test depends on:

    ", + "
  • what your licence is already for
    • ", + "
  • what type of car you take the test in
    • ", + "

    What you can drive after passing the car and trailer test

    ", + "Existing car licence | Car you use for the test | Cars you can drive when towing | Cars you can drive when not towing", + "Manual | Manual | Manual and automatic | Manual and automatic", + "Automatic | Automatic | Automatic | Automatic", + "Automatic | Manual | Manual and automatic | Manual and automatic", + "Manual | Automatic | Automatic | Manual and automatic", + "

    Hire cars

    ", + "

    You can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.

    ", + "

    Vehicle features

    ", + "

    You can use a car with:

    ", + "
  • an electronic parking brake
    • ", + "
  • hill-start assist
    • ", + "

    Cars with known safety faults

    ", + "

    You cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you bring proof to the test that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.

    ", + "Model | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date", + "Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sept 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Build dates between 9 Sept 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and\u00a00N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014", + "Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014", + "Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014", + "

    Proof you need to bring to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring proof that says one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the car was recalled and the recall work has been done
    • ", + "
  • the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done
    • ", + "
  • the car was not part of the recall
    • ", + "

    The proof must be either:

    ", + "
  • the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer
    • ", + "
  • on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.

    ", + "

    Rules for the trailer you use

    ", + "

    The trailer you use and the load it carries must meet certain rules.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your trailer or load do not meet the rules.

    ", + "

    The trailer you use must:

    ", + "
  • be a closed box body, such as a horsebox
    • ", + "
  • be around the same width and height as the car - you must only be able to see to the rear by using external mirrors, and not through the rear window
    • ", + "
  • have a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of at least 1,000kg - you need proof to show the examiner, for example, the manufacturer\u2019s plate
    • ", + "

    The MAM is the limit on how much the trailer can weigh when it\u2019s loaded.

    ", + "

    Rules about the load

    ", + "

    The trailer must carry a load of at least 600kg. The combined weight of the trailer and load must be at least 800kg.

    ", + "

    The load must be secured safely to the trailer. Your test will be cancelled if it is not.

    ", + "

    The load can be either:

    ", + "
  • bagged aggregates weighing at least 600kg, for example, sand, stone chippings or gravel (but not toxic materials)
    • ", + "
  • a 600 litre or 1,000 litre intermediate bulk container, completely full of water
    • ", + "

    Intermediate bulk containers are industrial containers for transporting liquids. They\u2019re made from semi-transparent plastic and are usually reinforced with a wire frame.

    ", + "

    Bags of aggregate

    ", + "

    Each bag of aggregate must:

    ", + "
  • be sealed
    • ", + "
  • weigh at least 10kg (all bags must weigh the same)
    • ", + "
  • have the weight clearly marked on it
    • ", + "

    You can also use a single bag if it weighs 600kg or 1,000kg.

    ", + "

    Water in containers

    ", + "

    Water must be in an intermediate bulk container. The examiner must be able to see that it is full.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty

    ", + "

    When you book your driving test you should say if you have a:

    ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • health condition
    • ", + "
  • learning difficulty
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still have to drive to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.

    ", + "

    If your health condition or disability means you cannot wear a face covering during your test, you or your driving school must tell DVSA when booking your appointment.

    ", + "

    You have a disability

    ", + "

    At the start of the test, the examiner will talk to you about:

    ", + "
  • your disability
    • ", + "
  • any adaptations fitted to your car
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re physically unable to uncouple and recouple the car and trailer, you can be asked questions to check your understanding instead.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment

    ", + "

    The examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.

    ", + "

    The examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.

    ", + "

    Using a sign language interpreter

    ", + "

    You can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.

    ", + "

    Your driving instructor can be your interpreter.

    ", + "

    You need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge. You can claim the cost back after your test.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re pregnant

    ", + "

    You can take a driving test at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to do an emergency stop.

    ", + "

    You have reading difficulties

    ", + "

    When you do the eyesight check at the start of the driving test, you can write down the number plate instead of reading it out loud.

    ", + "

    You have learning difficulties

    ", + "

    The examiner will make adjustments for the independent driving part of the test if you have learning difficulties.

    ", + "

    They might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of verbal directions.

    ", + "

    You might be able to choose to follow a set of directions using a diagram. You\u2019ll normally be asked to follow up to 3 directions at a time, but the examiner can reduce this to 2 at a time.

    ", + "

    If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather

    ", + "

    Your driving test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.

    ", + "

    If your test is cancelled because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be emailed with a new date if your driving test is cancelled because of COVID-19.

    ", + "

    Bad weather

    ", + "

    Driving tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.

    ", + "

    Call your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    The phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.

    ", + "

    If your test cannot go ahead

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:

    ", + "
  • automatically book the next available date for your test
    • ", + "
  • send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather
    • ", + "

    You can change the date you\u2019re given if it is not suitable. Your driving school will need to change your test date for you if they booked it.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.

    ", + "

    Problems with you or your vehicle

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:

    ", + "
  • you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle, for example, if your car breaks down during the test or the car or trailer do not meet the rules to be used
    • ", + "

    Your driving school will need to rearrange your test for you if they booked it.

    ", + "

    If your test is cancelled for another reason

    ", + "

    Sometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it is not suitable. Your driving school will need to change your test date for you if they booked it.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/penalty-points-endorsements": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/penalty-points-endorsements", + "title": "Penalty points (endorsements)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe courts can fine you and \u2018endorse\u2019 your driving record with penalty points if you\u2019re convicted of a motoring offence.\n\nEndorsements must stay on your driving record for 4 or 11 years, depending on the offence.\n\nThe endorsement and penalty points are put on your driver record. View your driving licence record to see what penalty points you have and when they\u2019ll be removed.\n\nYou can be disqualified from driving if you build up 12 or more penalty points within a period of 3 years. There are different rules for new drivers.\n\nEndorsement codes and processes in Northern Ireland are different.\n\n## Endorsement codes and penalty points\n\nEach endorsement has a special code and is given \u2018penalty points\u2019 on a scale from 1 to 11. You get more points for more serious offences.\n\nThe table shows the offence codes that can be put on your driving record. It also shows how many penalty points you can get for them. Some offences may also involve a disqualification.\n\nOffence codes and penalty points must stay on your driving record for 4 or 11 years depending on the offence.\n\n## Accident offences\n\nThese codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| AC10 | Failing to stop after an accident | 5 to 10 |\n\n| AC20 | Failing to give particulars or report an accident within 24 hours | 5 to 10 |\n\n| AC30 | Undefined accident offences | 4 to 9 |\n\n## Disqualified driver\n\nCodes BA10 and BA30 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| BA10 | Driving while disqualified by order of court | 6 |\n\n| BA30 | Attempting to drive while disqualified by order of court | 6 |\n\nCodes BA40 and BA60 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the conviction.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| BA40 | Causing death by driving while disqualified | 3 to 11 |\n\n| BA60 | Causing serious injury by driving while disqualified | 3 to 11 |\n\n## Careless driving\n\nCodes CD10 to CD30 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| CD10 | Driving without due care and attention | 3 to 9 |\n\n| CD20 | Driving without reasonable consideration for other road users | 3 to 9 |\n\n| CD30 | Driving without due care and attention or without reasonable consideration for other road users | 3 to 9 |\n\nCodes CD40 to CD70 must stay on a driving record for 11 years from the date of the conviction.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| CD40 | Causing death through careless driving when unfit through drink | 3 to 11 |\n\n| CD50 | Causing death by careless driving when unfit through drugs | 3 to 11 |\n\n| CD60 | Causing death by careless driving with alcohol level above the limit | 3 to 11 |\n\n| CD70 | Causing death by careless driving then failing to supply a specimen for alcohol analysis | 3 to 11 |\n\nCodes CD80 and CD90 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the conviction.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| CD80 | Causing death by careless, or inconsiderate, driving | 3 to 11 |\n\n| CD90 | Causing death by driving: unlicensed, disqualified or uninsured drivers | 3 to 11 |\n\n## Construction and use offences\n\nThese codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| CU10 | Using a vehicle with defective brakes | 3 |\n\n| CU20 | Causing or likely to cause danger by reason of use of unsuitable vehicle or using a vehicle with parts or accessories (excluding brakes, steering or tyres) in a dangerous condition | 3 |\n\n| CU30 | Using a vehicle with defective tyre(s) | 3 |\n\n| CU40 | Using a vehicle with defective steering | 3 |\n\n| CU50 | Causing or likely to cause danger by reason of load or passengers | 3 |\n\n| CU80 | Breach of requirements as to control of the vehicle, such as using a mobile phone | 3 to 6 |\n\n## Reckless/dangerous driving\n\nThese codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the conviction.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| DD10 | Causing serious injury by dangerous driving | 3 to 11 |\n\n| DD40 | Dangerous driving | 3 to 11 |\n\n| DD60 | Manslaughter or culpable homicide while driving a vehicle | 3 to 11 |\n\n| DD80 | Causing death by dangerous driving | 3 to 11 |\n\n| DD90 | Furious driving | 3 to 9 |\n\n## Drink\n\nCodes DR10 to DR61 must stay on a driving record for 11 years from the date of the conviction.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| DR10 | Driving or attempting to drive with alcohol level above limit | 3 to 11 |\n\n| DR20 | Driving or attempting to drive while unfit through drink | 3 to 11 |\n\n| DR30 | Driving or attempting to drive then failing to supply a specimen for analysis | 3 to 11 |\n\n| DR31 | Driving or attempting to drive then refusing to give permission for analysis of a blood sample that was taken without consent due to incapacity | 3 to 11 |\n\n| DR61 | Refusing to give permission for analysis of a blood sample that was taken without consent due to incapacity in circumstances other than driving or attempting to drive | 10 |\n\nCodes DR40 to DR70 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence or 4 years from date of conviction where a disqualification is imposed.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| DR40 | In charge of a vehicle while alcohol level above limit | 10 |\n\n| DR50 | In charge of a vehicle while unfit through drink | 10 |\n\n| DR60 | Failure to provide a specimen for analysis in circumstances other than driving or attempting to drive | 10 |\n\n| DR70 | Failing to co-operate with a preliminary test | 4 |\n\n## Drugs\n\nThese codes must stay on a driving record for 11 years from the date of the conviction.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| DG10 | Driving or attempting to drive with drug level above the specified limit | 3 to 11 |\n\n| DG60 | Causing death by careless driving with drug level above the limit | 3 to 11 |\n\n| DR80 | Driving or attempting to drive when unfit through drugs | 3 to 11 |\n\nThese codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence or 4 years from date of conviction where a disqualification is imposed.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| DG40 | In charge of a vehicle while drug level above specified limit | 10 |\n\n| DR70 | Failing to co-operate with a preliminary test | 4 |\n\n| DR90 | In charge of a vehicle when unfit through drugs | 10 |\n\n## Insurance offences\n\nCode IN10 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| IN10 | Using a vehicle uninsured against third party risks | 6 to 8 |\n\n## Licence offences\n\nThese codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| LC20 | Driving otherwise than in accordance with a licence | 3 to 6 |\n\n| LC30 | Driving after making a false declaration about fitness when applying for a licence | 3 to 6 |\n\n| LC40 | Driving a vehicle having failed to notify a disability | 3 to 6 |\n\n| LC50 | Driving after a licence has been cancelled (revoked) or refused on medical grounds | 3 to 6 |\n\n## Miscellaneous offences\n\nThese codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| MS10 | Leaving a vehicle in a dangerous position | 3 |\n\n| MS20 | Unlawful pillion riding | 3 |\n\n| MS30 | Play street offences | 2 |\n\n| MS50 | Motor racing on the highway | 3 to 11 |\n\n| MS60 | Offences not covered by other codes (including offences relating to breach of requirements as to control of vehicle) | 3 |\n\n| MS70 | Driving with uncorrected defective eyesight | 3 |\n\n| MS80 | Refusing to submit to an eyesight test | 3 |\n\n| MS90 | Failure to give information as to identity of driver etc | 6 |\n\n## Motorway offences\n\nCode MW10 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| MW10 | Contravention of special roads regulations (excluding speed limits) | 3 |\n\n## Pedestrian crossings\n\nThese codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| PC10 | Undefined contravention of pedestrian crossing regulations | 3 |\n\n| PC20 | Contravention of pedestrian crossing regulations with moving vehicle | 3 |\n\n| PC30 | Contravention of pedestrian crossing regulations with stationary vehicle | 3 |\n\n## Speed limits\n\nThese codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| SP10 | Exceeding goods vehicle speed limits | 3 to 6 |\n\n| SP20 | Exceeding speed limit for type of vehicle (excluding goods or passenger vehicles) | 3 to 6 |\n\n| SP30 | Exceeding statutory speed limit on a public road | 3 to 6 |\n\n| SP40 | Exceeding passenger vehicle speed limit | 3 to 6 |\n\n| SP50 | Exceeding speed limit on a motorway | 3 to 6 |\n\n## Traffic direction and signs\n\nThese codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| TS10 | Failing to comply with traffic light signals | 3 |\n\n| TS20 | Failing to comply with double white lines | 3 |\n\n| TS30 | Failing to comply with \u2018stop\u2019 sign | 3 |\n\n| TS40 | Failing to comply with direction of a constable/warden | 3 |\n\n| TS50 | Failing to comply with traffic sign (excluding \u2018stop\u2019 signs, traffic lights or double white lines) | 3 |\n\n| TS60 | Failing to comply with a school crossing patrol sign | 3 |\n\n| TS70 | Undefined failure to comply with a traffic direction sign | 3 |\n\n## Special code\n\nCode TT99 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of conviction.\n\nIt shows disqualification under \u2018totting-up\u2019 - if the total of penalty points reaches 12 or more within 3 years, the driver can be disqualified.\n\n## Theft or unauthorised taking\n\nCode UT50 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.\n\n| Code | Offence | Penalty points |\n\n| UT50 | Aggravated taking of a vehicle | 3 to 11 |\n\n## \u2018Mutual recognition\u2019 codes\n\nYou\u2019ll get an \u2018MR\u2019 code on your driving record if you\u2019re disqualified while driving in Northern Ireland or the Isle of Man. Your disqualification period will also be valid in GB and will stay on your record for 4 years from the date of conviction.\n\n| Code | Offence |\n\n| MR09 | Reckless or dangerous driving (whether or not resulting in death, injury or serious risk) |\n\n| MR19 | Wilful failure to carry out the obligation placed on driver after being involved in a road accident (hit or run) |\n\n| MR29 | Driving a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or other substance affecting or diminishing the mental and physical abilities of a driver |\n\n| MR39 | Driving a vehicle faster than the permitted speed |\n\n| MR49 | Driving a vehicle whilst disqualified |\n\n| MR59 | Other conduct constituting an offence for which a driving disqualification has been imposed by the State of Offence |\n\n## Aiding, abetting, counselling or procuring offences\n\nFor these offences, the codes are similar, but with the number 0 on the code changed to 2.\n\nFor example, code LC20 (driving otherwise than in accordance with a licence) becomes code LC22 on your driving record if you have helped someone to do this.\n\n## Causing or permitting offences\n\nFor these offences, the codes are similar, but with the number 0 on the code changed to 4.\n\nFor example, LC20 (driving otherwise than in accordance with a licence) becomes LC24 on your licence if you\u2019ve caused or permitted someone to do this.\n\n## Inciting offences\n\nFor these offences, the codes are similar, but with the number 0 on the code changed to 6.\n\nFor example, DD40 (dangerous driving) becomes DD46 on your driving record if you\u2019ve incited someone to do this.\n\n## How long endorsements stay on your driving record\n\nEndorsements stay on your driving record for 4 or 11 years depending on the offence. This can start from either the date you\u2019re convicted or the date of your offence.\n\nThe endorsement is \u2018valid\u2019 for the first:\n\n- 3 years, for a 4-year endorsement\n\n- 10 years, for an 11-year endorsement\n\nA court can take your endorsement into account if both:\n\n- you commit another offence while it\u2019s valid\n\n- the endorsement is still on your driving record when the court considers your case\n\nOther people, like insurers and employers, may be able to find out that you have the endorsement:\n\n- any time during a 4-year endorsement\n\n- during the first 5 years of an 11-year endorsement, or the first 30 months if you\u2019re under 18\n\n## 4 years from date of conviction\n\nAn endorsement will stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of conviction if the offence:\n\n- is for reckless/dangerous driving - shown on the driving record as DD40, DD60 and DD80\n\n- results in disqualification\n\n## 4 years from the date of offence\n\nIn all other cases endorsements stay on your driving record for 4 years from the date of offence.\n\n## 11 years from date of conviction\n\nIf the offence is:\n\n- drink driving or drug driving - shown on the driving record as DR10, DR20, DR30, DR31, DR61 and DR80\n\n- causing death by careless driving while under the influence of drink or drugs \u2013 shown on the driving record as CD40, CD50 and CD60\n\n- causing death by careless driving, then failing to provide a specimen for analysis \u2013 shown on the driving record as CD70\n\n## New drivers\n\nYour licence will be cancelled (revoked) if you get 6 or more points within 2 years of passing your test.\n\n## Points on your provisional licence\n\nAny penalty points on your provisional licence that have not expired will be carried over to your full licence when you pass your test. However, your licence will be cancelled if you get any further penalty points that take you up to a total of 6 or more within 2 years of passing your driving test.\n\n## If your licence is cancelled within 2 years\n\nYou\u2019ll have to apply and pay for a new provisional licence and pass both theory and practical parts of the driving or riding test again to get a full licence.\n\n## If you have not sent off for your full licence\n\nYou must retake both parts of your driving test if your licence has been cancelled after you\u2019ve passed your test, but you have not sent off for your full licence yet. You can use your current provisional licence to take the tests.\n\n## Who\u2019s covered by the rules\n\nThese rules apply to all new drivers who passed their first driving test in:\n\n- Great Britain\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n- Isle of Man\n\n- Channel Islands\n\n- Gibraltar\n\n- the European Community (EC) and European Economic Area (EEA)\n\nThe EC/EEA countries are:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Spain and Sweden.\n\nThere is not another 2 year period if you pass a test for another category of vehicle, for example to drive a heavy goods vehicle.\n\n## Foreign licences\n\nThe rules also apply if you exchange a foreign driving licence for a British licence and then pass a further driving test in Great Britain.\n\n## Handing over your driving licence for endorsement\n\nIf you get an endorsement you\u2019ll need to hand over your licence to either the police, a fixed penalty office (FPO) or when you appear in court.\n\nYour fixed penalty notice will tell you how to find your local FPO.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a replacement if you\u2019ve lost your licence.\n\nIf your driving licence is not returned to you, contact the FPO or court you sent it to, unless your licence has been sent to DVLA.\n\n## When your licence is sent to DVLA\n\nThe FPO or court will send your driving licence to DVLA if:\n\n- the licence has been cancelled (\u2018revoked\u2019) by a court\n\n- you\u2019re a new driver and you\u2019ve been given more than 6 penalty points\n\n- the licence you gave the court is invalid\n\n- you\u2019ve let DVLA know that you\u2019ve changed your address\n\nIf your licence is sent to DVLA because you\u2019ve changed your address, it\u2019ll be returned to you within 3 weeks.\n\n## Removing expired endorsements from your driving record\n\nMost expired endorsements will automatically be removed from your driving record when they\u2019re no longer valid.\n\nThe length of time they stay on your record depends on how serious the offence was.\n\n## How to check your endorsement details\n\nView your driving licence record to see what penalty points you have and when they\u2019ll be removed.\n\nYou can also contact DVLA.\n\n## Incorrect endorsement details on your licence\n\nContact the court that convicted if your endorsement details are shown incorrectly on your driving licence.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The courts can fine you and \u2018endorse\u2019 your driving record with penalty points if you\u2019re convicted of a motoring offence.

    ", + "

    Endorsements must stay on your driving record for 4 or 11 years, depending on the offence.

    ", + "

    The endorsement and penalty points are put on your driver record. View your driving licence record to see what penalty points you have and when they\u2019ll be removed.

    ", + "

    You can be disqualified from driving if you build up 12 or more penalty points within a period of 3 years. There are different rules for new drivers.

    ", + "

    Endorsement codes and processes in Northern Ireland are different.

    ", + "

    Endorsement codes and penalty points

    ", + "

    Each endorsement has a special code and is given \u2018penalty points\u2019 on a scale from 1 to 11. You get more points for more serious offences.

    ", + "

    The table shows the offence codes that can be put on your driving record. It also shows how many penalty points you can get for them. Some offences may also involve a disqualification.

    ", + "

    Offence codes and penalty points must stay on your driving record for 4 or 11 years depending on the offence.

    ", + "

    Accident offences

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "AC10 | Failing to stop after an accident | 5 to 10", + "AC20 | Failing to give particulars or report an accident within 24 hours | 5 to 10", + "AC30 | Undefined accident offences | 4 to 9", + "

    Disqualified driver

    ", + "

    Codes BA10 and BA30 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "BA10 | Driving while disqualified by order of court | 6", + "BA30 | Attempting to drive while disqualified by order of court | 6", + "

    Codes BA40 and BA60 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the conviction.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "BA40 | Causing death by driving while disqualified | 3 to 11", + "BA60 | Causing serious injury by driving while disqualified | 3 to 11", + "

    Careless driving

    ", + "

    Codes CD10 to CD30 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "CD10 | Driving without due care and attention | 3 to 9", + "CD20 | Driving without reasonable consideration for other road users | 3 to 9", + "CD30 | Driving without due care and attention or without reasonable consideration for other road users | 3 to 9", + "

    Codes CD40 to CD70 must stay on a driving record for 11 years from the date of the conviction.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "CD40 | Causing death through careless driving when unfit through drink | 3 to 11", + "CD50 | Causing death by careless driving when unfit through drugs | 3 to 11", + "CD60 | Causing death by careless driving with alcohol level above the limit | 3 to 11", + "CD70 | Causing death by careless driving then failing to supply a specimen for alcohol analysis | 3 to 11", + "

    Codes CD80 and CD90 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the conviction.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "CD80 | Causing death by careless, or inconsiderate, driving | 3 to 11", + "CD90 | Causing death by driving: unlicensed, disqualified or uninsured drivers | 3 to 11", + "

    Construction and use offences

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "CU10 | Using a vehicle with defective brakes | 3", + "CU20 | Causing or likely to cause danger by reason of use of unsuitable vehicle or using a vehicle with parts or accessories (excluding brakes, steering or tyres) in a dangerous condition | 3", + "CU30 | Using a vehicle with defective tyre(s) | 3", + "CU40 | Using a vehicle with defective steering | 3", + "CU50 | Causing or likely to cause danger by reason of load or passengers | 3", + "CU80 | Breach of requirements as to control of the vehicle, such as using a mobile phone | 3 to 6", + "

    Reckless/dangerous driving

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the conviction.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "DD10 | Causing serious injury by dangerous driving | 3 to 11", + "DD40 | Dangerous driving | 3 to 11", + "DD60 | Manslaughter or culpable homicide while driving a vehicle | 3 to 11", + "DD80 | Causing death by dangerous driving | 3 to 11", + "DD90 | Furious driving | 3 to 9", + "

    Drink

    ", + "

    Codes DR10 to DR61 must stay on a driving record for 11 years from the date of the conviction.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "DR10 | Driving or attempting to drive with alcohol level above limit | 3 to 11", + "DR20 | Driving or attempting to drive while unfit through drink | 3 to 11", + "DR30 | Driving or attempting to drive then failing to supply a specimen for analysis | 3 to 11", + "DR31 | Driving or attempting to drive then refusing to give permission for analysis of a blood sample that was taken without consent due to incapacity | 3 to 11", + "DR61 | Refusing to give permission for analysis of a blood sample that was taken without consent due to incapacity in circumstances other than driving or attempting to drive | 10", + "

    Codes DR40 to DR70 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence or 4 years from date of conviction where a disqualification is imposed.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "DR40 | In charge of a vehicle while alcohol level above limit | 10", + "DR50 | In charge of a vehicle while unfit through drink | 10", + "DR60 | Failure to provide a specimen for analysis in circumstances other than driving or attempting to drive | 10", + "DR70 | Failing to co-operate with a preliminary test | 4", + "

    Drugs

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 11 years from the date of the conviction.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "DG10 | Driving or attempting to drive with drug level above the specified limit | 3 to 11", + "DG60 | Causing death by careless driving with drug level above the limit | 3 to 11", + "DR80 | Driving or attempting to drive when unfit through drugs | 3 to 11", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence or 4 years from date of conviction where a disqualification is imposed.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "DG40 | In charge of a vehicle while drug level above specified limit | 10", + "DR70 | Failing to co-operate with a preliminary test | 4", + "DR90 | In charge of a vehicle when unfit through drugs | 10", + "

    Insurance offences

    ", + "

    Code IN10 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "IN10 | Using a vehicle uninsured against third party risks | 6 to 8", + "

    Licence offences

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "LC20 | Driving otherwise than in accordance with a licence | 3 to 6", + "LC30 | Driving after making a false declaration about fitness when applying for a licence | 3 to 6", + "LC40 | Driving a vehicle having failed to notify a disability | 3 to 6", + "LC50 | Driving after a licence has been cancelled (revoked) or refused on medical grounds | 3 to 6", + "

    Miscellaneous offences

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "MS10 | Leaving a vehicle in a dangerous position | 3", + "MS20 | Unlawful pillion riding | 3", + "MS30 | Play street offences | 2", + "MS50 | Motor racing on the highway | 3 to 11", + "MS60 | Offences not covered by other codes (including offences relating to breach of requirements as to control of vehicle) | 3", + "MS70 | Driving with uncorrected defective eyesight | 3", + "MS80 | Refusing to submit to an eyesight test | 3", + "MS90 | Failure to give information as to identity of driver etc | 6", + "

    Motorway offences

    ", + "

    Code MW10 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "MW10 | Contravention of special roads regulations (excluding speed limits) | 3", + "

    Pedestrian crossings

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "PC10 | Undefined contravention of pedestrian crossing regulations | 3", + "PC20 | Contravention of pedestrian crossing regulations with moving vehicle | 3", + "PC30 | Contravention of pedestrian crossing regulations with stationary vehicle | 3", + "

    Speed limits

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "SP10 | Exceeding goods vehicle speed limits | 3 to 6", + "SP20 | Exceeding speed limit for type of vehicle (excluding goods or passenger vehicles) | 3 to 6", + "SP30 | Exceeding statutory speed limit on a public road | 3 to 6", + "SP40 | Exceeding passenger vehicle speed limit | 3 to 6", + "SP50 | Exceeding speed limit on a motorway | 3 to 6", + "

    Traffic direction and signs

    ", + "

    These codes must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "TS10 | Failing to comply with traffic light signals | 3", + "TS20 | Failing to comply with double white lines | 3", + "TS30 | Failing to comply with \u2018stop\u2019 sign | 3", + "TS40 | Failing to comply with direction of a constable/warden | 3", + "TS50 | Failing to comply with traffic sign (excluding \u2018stop\u2019 signs, traffic lights or double white lines) | 3", + "TS60 | Failing to comply with a school crossing patrol sign | 3", + "TS70 | Undefined failure to comply with a traffic direction sign | 3", + "

    Special code

    ", + "

    Code TT99 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of conviction.

    ", + "

    It shows disqualification under \u2018totting-up\u2019 - if the total of penalty points reaches 12 or more within 3 years, the driver can be disqualified.

    ", + "

    Theft or unauthorised taking

    ", + "

    Code UT50 must stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of the offence.

    ", + "Code | Offence | Penalty points", + "UT50 | Aggravated taking of a vehicle | 3 to 11", + "

    \u2018Mutual recognition\u2019 codes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an \u2018MR\u2019 code on your driving record if you\u2019re disqualified while driving in Northern Ireland or the Isle of Man. Your disqualification period will also be valid in GB and will stay on your record for 4 years from the date of conviction.

    ", + "Code | Offence", + "MR09 | Reckless or dangerous driving (whether or not resulting in death, injury or serious risk)", + "MR19 | Wilful failure to carry out the obligation placed on driver after being involved in a road accident (hit or run)", + "MR29 | Driving a vehicle while under the influence of alcohol or other substance affecting or diminishing the mental and physical abilities of a driver", + "MR39 | Driving a vehicle faster than the permitted speed", + "MR49 | Driving a vehicle whilst disqualified", + "MR59 | Other conduct constituting an offence for which a driving disqualification has been imposed by the State of Offence", + "

    Aiding, abetting, counselling or procuring offences

    ", + "

    For these offences, the codes are similar, but with the number 0 on the code changed to 2.

    ", + "

    For example, code LC20 (driving otherwise than in accordance with a licence) becomes code LC22 on your driving record if you have helped someone to do this.

    ", + "

    Causing or permitting offences

    ", + "

    For these offences, the codes are similar, but with the number 0 on the code changed to 4.

    ", + "

    For example, LC20 (driving otherwise than in accordance with a licence) becomes LC24 on your licence if you\u2019ve caused or permitted someone to do this.

    ", + "

    Inciting offences

    ", + "

    For these offences, the codes are similar, but with the number 0 on the code changed to 6.

    ", + "

    For example, DD40 (dangerous driving) becomes DD46 on your driving record if you\u2019ve incited someone to do this.

    ", + "

    How long endorsements stay on your driving record

    ", + "

    Endorsements stay on your driving record for 4 or 11 years depending on the offence. This can start from either the date you\u2019re convicted or the date of your offence.

    ", + "

    The endorsement is \u2018valid\u2019 for the first:

    ", + "
  • 3 years, for a 4-year endorsement
    • ", + "
  • 10 years, for an 11-year endorsement
    • ", + "

    A court can take your endorsement into account if both:

    ", + "
  • you commit another offence while it\u2019s valid
    • ", + "
  • the endorsement is still on your driving record when the court considers your case
    • ", + "

    Other people, like insurers and employers, may be able to find out that you have the endorsement:

    ", + "
  • any time during a 4-year endorsement
    • ", + "
  • during the first 5 years of an 11-year endorsement, or the first 30 months if you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "

    4 years from date of conviction

    ", + "

    An endorsement will stay on a driving record for 4 years from the date of conviction if the offence:

    ", + "
  • is for reckless/dangerous driving - shown on the driving record as DD40, DD60 and DD80
    • ", + "
  • results in disqualification
    • ", + "

    4 years from the date of offence

    ", + "

    In all other cases endorsements stay on your driving record for 4 years from the date of offence.

    ", + "

    11 years from date of conviction

    ", + "

    If the offence is:

    ", + "
  • drink driving or drug driving - shown on the driving record as DR10, DR20, DR30, DR31, DR61 and DR80
    • ", + "
  • causing death by careless driving while under the influence of drink or drugs \u2013 shown on the driving record as CD40, CD50 and CD60
    • ", + "
  • causing death by careless driving, then failing to provide a specimen for analysis \u2013 shown on the driving record as CD70
    • ", + "

    New drivers

    ", + "

    Your licence will be cancelled (revoked) if you get 6 or more points within 2 years of passing your test.

    ", + "

    Points on your provisional licence

    ", + "

    Any penalty points on your provisional licence that have not expired will be carried over to your full licence when you pass your test. However, your licence will be cancelled if you get any further penalty points that take you up to a total of 6 or more within 2 years of passing your driving test.

    ", + "

    If your licence is cancelled within 2 years

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to apply and pay for a new provisional licence and pass both theory and practical parts of the driving or riding test again to get a full licence.

    ", + "

    If you have not sent off for your full licence

    ", + "

    You must retake both parts of your driving test if your licence has been cancelled after you\u2019ve passed your test, but you have not sent off for your full licence yet. You can use your current provisional licence to take the tests.

    ", + "

    Who\u2019s covered by the rules

    ", + "

    These rules apply to all new drivers who passed their first driving test in:

    ", + "
  • Great Britain
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Isle of Man
    • ", + "
  • Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • the European Community (EC) and European Economic Area (EEA)
    • ", + "

    The EC/EEA countries are:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Slovakia, Spain and Sweden.

    ", + "

    There is not another 2 year period if you pass a test for another category of vehicle, for example to drive a heavy goods vehicle.

    ", + "

    Foreign licences

    ", + "

    The rules also apply if you exchange a foreign driving licence for a British licence and then pass a further driving test in Great Britain.

    ", + "

    Handing over your driving licence for endorsement

    ", + "

    If you get an endorsement you\u2019ll need to hand over your licence to either the police, a fixed penalty office (FPO) or when you appear in court.

    ", + "

    Your fixed penalty notice will tell you how to find your local FPO.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get a replacement if you\u2019ve lost your licence.

    ", + "

    If your driving licence is not returned to you, contact the FPO or court you sent it to, unless your licence has been sent to DVLA.

    ", + "

    When your licence is sent to DVLA

    ", + "

    The FPO or court will send your driving licence to DVLA if:

    ", + "
  • the licence has been cancelled (\u2018revoked\u2019) by a court
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a new driver and you\u2019ve been given more than 6 penalty points
    • ", + "
  • the licence you gave the court is invalid
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve let DVLA know that you\u2019ve changed your address
    • ", + "

    If your licence is sent to DVLA because you\u2019ve changed your address, it\u2019ll be returned to you within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Removing expired endorsements from your driving record

    ", + "

    Most expired endorsements will automatically be removed from your driving record when they\u2019re no longer valid.

    ", + "

    The length of time they stay on your record depends on how serious the offence was.

    ", + "

    How to check your endorsement details

    ", + "

    View your driving licence record to see what penalty points you have and when they\u2019ll be removed.

    ", + "

    You can also contact DVLA.

    ", + "

    Incorrect endorsement details on your licence

    ", + "

    Contact the court that convicted if your endorsement details are shown incorrectly on your driving licence.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-tax-direct-debit": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-tax-direct-debit", + "title": "Vehicle tax Direct Debit payments", + "content": "## Set up a Direct Debit\n\nYou can set up a Direct Debit when you tax your vehicle online or at a Post Office.\n\nYou do not need to be the vehicle\u2019s registered keeper to set up a Direct Debit.\n\nEmails and letters about Direct Debit payments are sent to the account holder.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe amount you pay depends on how often you want to make a payment. There\u2019s a 5% surcharge if you pay:\n\n- monthly\n\n- every 6 months\n\nThere\u2019s no surcharge if you pay yearly.\n\n## What you need\n\nYou need:\n\n- your address and date of birth\n\n- your bank or building society name, account number and sort code\n\nYou cannot set up a Direct Debit for an account that needs 2 signatures.\n\n## What happens next\n\n- You\u2019ll get a confirmation by email or post that your Direct Debit has been set up.\n\n- The first payment will not be taken until the vehicle tax has started. It can take up to 10 days. You can still use the vehicle before the payment is taken.\n\n- All the following payments will be taken on the first working day of the month that the Direct Debit is due.\n\n## Renewing your vehicle tax\n\nYour Direct Debit for vehicle tax will renew automatically when it\u2019s due to run out.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or letter telling you when your payments will be taken.\n\nYou will not be sent a vehicle tax reminder letter (V11).\n\nDo not tax your vehicle again. If you do, you\u2019ll be charged twice.\n\nThe vehicle keeper must have a vehicle logbook (V5C) before the vehicle tax is renewed.\n\n## If the vehicle keeper does not have a V5C\n\nYour Direct Debit will not automatically renew if there\u2019s no vehicle keeper in DVLA\u2019s records.\n\nYou can tell DVLA who the vehicle keeper is online.\n\nIf you do not get an email or letter when your vehicle tax runs out, you should contact DVLA.\n\n## If you do not have an MOT or insurance in place\n\nDVLA will write to you if your vehicle\u2019s MOT certificate will have run out when your vehicle tax is due to renew.\n\nYour vehicle must pass an MOT by the time the current one runs out.\n\nAfter it\u2019s passed an MOT, DVLA\u2019s records will be updated automatically. Your vehicle tax will be renewed on the date it was due to run out.\n\nYou do not need to contact DVLA or tax your vehicle again.\n\nIf you do not get an MOT in time, you\u2019ll need to tax your vehicle again.\n\nIf your vehicle is registered in Northern Ireland, you must also have insurance in place when your vehicle tax is due to renew. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you if your insurance will have run out by then.\n\n## Change your address, email or name\n\nTell DVLA if you want to change the address, email or name on your Direct Debit.\n\nYou can call DVLA if:\n\n- you\u2019ve moved house\n\n- you\u2019ve got a new email address\n\n- you\u2019ve got married or divorced and want to update your details\n\n- there\u2019s a mistake with your name or address\n\n## If you changed your name by deed poll\n\nWrite to DVLA if you\u2019ve changed your name by deed poll.\n\nYou need to include:\n\n- your address and date of birth\n\n- your bank or building society name, account number and sort code\n\n- a copy of your deed poll\n\nSend it to:\n\n## Change how often you pay\n\nWhen you set up your Direct Debit you can choose to pay:\n\n- every month\n\n- every 6 months\n\n- every year\n\nDVLA will take the payments on the first working day of the month. You cannot change it to a different date.\n\nTo change how often you pay (for example, from every 6 months to monthly), you have to cancel your Direct Debit and then tax your vehicle again.\n\n## What you need to do\n\n- Ask your bank or building society to cancel your Direct Debit. Depending on your account, you can do this online, by phone or post, or at a branch.\n\n- You can keep driving your vehicle until the date your next Direct Debit payment was due.\n\n- Tax your vehicle on the first day of the month that your next Direct Debit payment was due. Use the 11 digit number on your vehicle log book (V5C).\n\n- Choose the Direct Debit option when you tax your vehicle. Then choose how often you want to pay - either monthly, every 6 months or every year.\n\n## Change bank account or payment method\n\nWhen you want to change the account your Direct Debit is taken from you can either:\n\n- ask your new bank or building society to move your Direct Debits from your old account\n\n- change to another account you already have\n\nYou can also change to paying by credit or debit card.\n\n## Switching bank or building society\n\nMost UK banks can move Direct Debits from your old bank account to your new one.\n\nYou do not need to tell DVLA or do anything else.\n\n## Move your Direct Debit to an account you already have\n\nYour bank might be able to move a Direct Debit from one of your accounts to another if both accounts are with them - check with your bank.\n\nContact DVLA if your bank cannot move the Direct Debit to your new account or the 2 accounts are with different banks.\n\n## Pay with a debit or credit card\n\n- Ask your bank or building society to cancel your Direct Debit. You can keep driving your vehicle until the date your next Direct Debit payment was due.\n\n- Tax your vehicle on the first day of the month that your next Direct Debit payment was due. Use the 11 digit number on your vehicle log book (V5C).\n\n- Pay the tax for your vehicle using a debit or credit card.\n\n## If a Direct Debit payment fails\n\nThe Direct Debit account holder will get an email from DVLA if a payment fails because there is not enough money in the account.\n\nDVLA will try to take the payment again within 4 working days. If that also fails, you\u2019ll get an email telling you that:\n\n- the Direct Debit has failed twice and has been permanently cancelled\n\n- your vehicle is no longer taxed\n\n## What to do if your Direct Debit is cancelled\n\nYou\u2019ll have to tax your vehicle using your vehicle log book (V5C). You\u2019ll need to either:\n\n- make sure there\u2019s enough money in your account and set up a new Direct Debit\n\n- use a new payment method, for example, a debit card or Direct Debit from another account with enough money in it\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to drive your vehicle until you\u2019ve taxed it.\n\n## If you do not do anything\n\nYou\u2019ll be fined \u00a380 if you do not tax your vehicle or tell DVLA that it\u2019s off the road. You\u2019ll also have to pay for the time it was not taxed.\n\nIf you do not pay your fine on time your vehicle could be clamped or crushed, or your details passed to a debt collection agency.\n\n## Cancel a Direct Debit\n\nDVLA will cancel your Direct Debit when you tell them your vehicle\u2019s been:\n\n- sold or transferred to someone else\n\n- taken off the road, for example, you\u2019re keeping it in a garage - this is called a Statutory Off Road Notification (SORN)\n\n- written off by your insurance company\n\n- scrapped at a vehicle scrapyard\n\n- stolen - you\u2019ll have to apply for a refund separately\n\n- exported out of the UK\n\nThe Direct Debit will also be cancelled if you no longer have to pay vehicle tax because you\u2019ve told DVLA:\n\n- it\u2019s being used by a disabled person\n\n- the vehicle is historic (it\u2019s over 40 years old)\n\n## If you overpaid your tax\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically get a refund cheque for any full months left on your vehicle tax. The refund is calculated from the date DVLA gets your information.\n\nIf you cancel your Direct Debit just before a monthly payment is due, DVLA may still take the payment. You\u2019ll automatically get a refund within 10 working days if this happens.\n\n## Cancelling the Direct Debit for other reasons\n\nIf you cancel your Direct Debit with your bank or building society for any other reason, you must tax your vehicle again using either:\n\n- a Direct Debit from an account with enough money in it\n\n- another payment method, for example, by debit or credit card", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Set up a Direct Debit

    ", + "

    You can set up a Direct Debit when you tax your vehicle online or at a Post Office.

    ", + "

    You do not need to be the vehicle\u2019s registered keeper to set up a Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Emails and letters about Direct Debit payments are sent to the account holder.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    The amount you pay depends on how often you want to make a payment. There\u2019s a 5% surcharge if you pay:

    ", + "
  • monthly
    • ", + "
  • every 6 months
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no surcharge if you pay yearly.

    ", + "

    What you need

    ", + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • your address and date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your bank or building society name, account number and sort code
    • ", + "

    You cannot set up a Direct Debit for an account that needs 2 signatures.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a confirmation by email or post that your Direct Debit has been set up.
    • ", + "
  • The first payment will not be taken until the vehicle tax has started. It can take up to 10 days. You can still use the vehicle before the payment is taken.
    • ", + "
  • All the following payments will be taken on the first working day of the month that the Direct Debit is due.
    • ", + "

    Renewing your vehicle tax

    ", + "

    Your Direct Debit for vehicle tax will renew automatically when it\u2019s due to run out.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or letter telling you when your payments will be taken.

    ", + "

    You will not be sent a vehicle tax reminder letter (V11).

    ", + "

    Do not tax your vehicle again. If you do, you\u2019ll be charged twice.

    ", + "

    The vehicle keeper must have a vehicle logbook (V5C) before the vehicle tax is renewed.

    ", + "

    If the vehicle keeper does not have a V5C

    ", + "

    Your Direct Debit will not automatically renew if there\u2019s no vehicle keeper in DVLA\u2019s records.

    ", + "

    You can tell DVLA who the vehicle keeper is online.

    ", + "

    If you do not get an email or letter when your vehicle tax runs out, you should contact DVLA.

    ", + "

    If you do not have an MOT or insurance in place

    ", + "

    DVLA will write to you if your vehicle\u2019s MOT certificate will have run out when your vehicle tax is due to renew.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must pass an MOT by the time the current one runs out.

    ", + "

    After it\u2019s passed an MOT, DVLA\u2019s records will be updated automatically. Your vehicle tax will be renewed on the date it was due to run out.

    ", + "

    You do not need to contact DVLA or tax your vehicle again.

    ", + "

    If you do not get an MOT in time, you\u2019ll need to tax your vehicle again.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is registered in Northern Ireland, you must also have insurance in place when your vehicle tax is due to renew. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you if your insurance will have run out by then.

    ", + "

    Change your address, email or name

    ", + "

    Tell DVLA if you want to change the address, email or name on your Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    You can call DVLA if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve moved house
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got a new email address
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got married or divorced and want to update your details
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s a mistake with your name or address
    • ", + "

    If you changed your name by deed poll

    ", + "

    Write to DVLA if you\u2019ve changed your name by deed poll.

    ", + "

    You need to include:

    ", + "
  • your address and date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your bank or building society name, account number and sort code
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your deed poll
    • ", + "

    Send it to:

    ", + "

    Change how often you pay

    ", + "

    When you set up your Direct Debit you can choose to pay:

    ", + "
  • every month
    • ", + "
  • every 6 months
    • ", + "
  • every year
    • ", + "

    DVLA will take the payments on the first working day of the month. You cannot change it to a different date.

    ", + "

    To change how often you pay (for example, from every 6 months to monthly), you have to cancel your Direct Debit and then tax your vehicle again.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "
  • Ask your bank or building society to cancel your Direct Debit. Depending on your account, you can do this online, by phone or post, or at a branch.
    • ", + "
  • You can keep driving your vehicle until the date your next Direct Debit payment was due.
    • ", + "
  • Tax your vehicle on the first day of the month that your next Direct Debit payment was due. Use the 11 digit number on your vehicle log book (V5C).
    • ", + "
  • Choose the Direct Debit option when you tax your vehicle. Then choose how often you want to pay - either monthly, every 6 months or every year.
    • ", + "

    Change bank account or payment method

    ", + "

    When you want to change the account your Direct Debit is taken from you can either:

    ", + "
  • ask your new bank or building society to move your Direct Debits from your old account
    • ", + "
  • change to another account you already have
    • ", + "

    You can also change to paying by credit or debit card.

    ", + "

    Switching bank or building society

    ", + "

    Most UK banks can move Direct Debits from your old bank account to your new one.

    ", + "

    You do not need to tell DVLA or do anything else.

    ", + "

    Move your Direct Debit to an account you already have

    ", + "

    Your bank might be able to move a Direct Debit from one of your accounts to another if both accounts are with them - check with your bank.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if your bank cannot move the Direct Debit to your new account or the 2 accounts are with different banks.

    ", + "

    Pay with a debit or credit card

    ", + "
  • Ask your bank or building society to cancel your Direct Debit. You can keep driving your vehicle until the date your next Direct Debit payment was due.
    • ", + "
  • Tax your vehicle on the first day of the month that your next Direct Debit payment was due. Use the 11 digit number on your vehicle log book (V5C).
    • ", + "
  • Pay the tax for your vehicle using a debit or credit card.
    • ", + "

    If a Direct Debit payment fails

    ", + "

    The Direct Debit account holder will get an email from DVLA if a payment fails because there is not enough money in the account.

    ", + "

    DVLA will try to take the payment again within 4 working days. If that also fails, you\u2019ll get an email telling you that:

    ", + "
  • the Direct Debit has failed twice and has been permanently cancelled
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle is no longer taxed
    • ", + "

    What to do if your Direct Debit is cancelled

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to tax your vehicle using your vehicle log book (V5C). You\u2019ll need to either:

    ", + "
  • make sure there\u2019s enough money in your account and set up a new Direct Debit
    • ", + "
  • use a new payment method, for example, a debit card or Direct Debit from another account with enough money in it
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to drive your vehicle until you\u2019ve taxed it.

    ", + "

    If you do not do anything

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be fined \u00a380 if you do not tax your vehicle or tell DVLA that it\u2019s off the road. You\u2019ll also have to pay for the time it was not taxed.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay your fine on time your vehicle could be clamped or crushed, or your details passed to a debt collection agency.

    ", + "

    Cancel a Direct Debit

    ", + "

    DVLA will cancel your Direct Debit when you tell them your vehicle\u2019s been:

    ", + "
  • sold or transferred to someone else
    • ", + "
  • taken off the road, for example, you\u2019re keeping it in a garage - this is called a Statutory Off Road Notification (SORN)
    • ", + "
  • written off by your insurance company
    • ", + "
  • scrapped at a vehicle scrapyard
    • ", + "
  • stolen - you\u2019ll have to apply for a refund separately
    • ", + "
  • exported out of the UK
    • ", + "

    The Direct Debit will also be cancelled if you no longer have to pay vehicle tax because you\u2019ve told DVLA:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s being used by a disabled person
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle is historic (it\u2019s over 40 years old)
    • ", + "

    If you overpaid your tax

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically get a refund cheque for any full months left on your vehicle tax. The refund is calculated from the date DVLA gets your information.

    ", + "

    If you cancel your Direct Debit just before a monthly payment is due, DVLA may still take the payment. You\u2019ll automatically get a refund within 10 working days if this happens.

    ", + "

    Cancelling the Direct Debit for other reasons

    ", + "

    If you cancel your Direct Debit with your bank or building society for any other reason, you must tax your vehicle again using either:

    ", + "
  • a Direct Debit from an account with enough money in it
    • ", + "
  • another payment method, for example, by debit or credit card
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-tax-rate-tables": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-tax-rate-tables", + "title": "Vehicle tax rates", + "content": "## Cars registered on or after 1 April 2017\n\nYou need to pay tax when the vehicle is first registered, this covers the vehicle for 12 months.\n\nYou\u2019ll then pay vehicle tax every 6 or 12 months at a different rate.\n\n## First tax payment when you register the vehicle\n\nYou\u2019ll pay a rate based on a vehicle\u2019s CO2 emissions the first time it\u2019s registered.\n\nThis also applies to some motorhomes.\n\nYou have to pay a higher rate for diesel cars that do not meet the Real Driving Emissions 2 (RDE2) standard for nitrogen oxide emissions. You can ask your car\u2019s manufacturer if your car meets the RDE2 standard.\n\n| CO2 emissions | Diesel cars (TC49) that meet the RDE2 standard and petrol cars (TC48) | All other diesel cars (TC49) | Alternative fuel cars (TC59) |\n\n| 0g/km | \u00a30 | \u00a30 | \u00a30 |\n\n| 1 to 50g/km | \u00a310 | \u00a325 | \u00a30 |\n\n| 51 to 75g/km | \u00a325 | \u00a3115 | \u00a315 |\n\n| 76 to 90g/km | \u00a3115 | \u00a3140 | \u00a3105 |\n\n| 91 to 100g/km | \u00a3140 | \u00a3160 | \u00a3130 |\n\n| 101 to 110g/km | \u00a3160 | \u00a3180 | \u00a3150 |\n\n| 111 to 130g/km | \u00a3180 | \u00a3220 | \u00a3170 |\n\n| 131 to 150g/km | \u00a3220 | \u00a3555 | \u00a3210 |\n\n| 151 to 170g/km | \u00a3555 | \u00a3895 | \u00a3545 |\n\n| 171 to 190g/km | \u00a3895 | \u00a31,345 | \u00a3885 |\n\n| 191 to 225g/km | \u00a31,345 | \u00a31,910 | \u00a31,335 |\n\n| 226 to 255g/km | \u00a31,910 | \u00a32,245 | \u00a31,900 |\n\n| Over 255g/km | \u00a32,245 | \u00a32,245 | \u00a32,235 |\n\nThis payment covers your vehicle for 12 months.\n\n## Rates for second tax payment onwards\n\n| Fuel type | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly payments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit |\n\n| Petrol or diesel | \u00a3155 | \u00a3155 | \u00a3162.75 | \u00a385.25 | \u00a381.38 |\n\n| Electric | \u00a30 | N/A | N/A | \u00a30 | N/A |\n\n| Alternative | \u00a3145 | \u00a3145 | \u00a3152.25 | \u00a379.75 | \u00a376.13 |\n\nAlternative fuel vehicles include hybrids, bioethanol and liquid petroleum gas.\n\n## Vehicles with a list price of more than \u00a340,000\n\nYou have to pay an extra \u00a3335 a year if you have a car or motorhome with a \u2018list price\u2019 (the published price before any discounts) of more than \u00a340,000. You do not have to pay this if you have a zero emission vehicle.\n\nYou only have to pay this rate for 5 years (from the second time the vehicle is taxed).\n\nCheck the list price with your dealer so you know how much vehicle tax you\u2019ll have to pay.\n\n| Fuel type | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly payments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit |\n\n| Petrol or diesel | \u00a3490 | \u00a3490 | \u00a3514.50 | \u00a3269.50 | \u00a3257.25 |\n\n| Alternative | \u00a3480 | \u00a3480 | \u00a3504 | \u00a3264 | \u00a3252 |\n\n## Cars registered between 1 March 2001 and 31 March 2017\n\nThe rate of vehicle tax is based on fuel type and CO2 emissions.\n\nCO2 emission details are shown on the car\u2019s V5C registration certificate, or you can find emission details online.\n\n## Petrol car (TC48) and diesel car (TC49)\n\n| Band and CO2 emission | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit |\n\n| A: Up to 100g/km | \u00a30 | \u00a30 | N/A | N/A | N/A |\n\n| B: 101 to 110g/km | \u00a320 | \u00a320 | \u00a321 | N/A | N/A |\n\n| C: 111 to 120g/km | \u00a330 | \u00a330 | \u00a331.50 | N/A | N/A |\n\n| D: 121 to 130g/km | \u00a3130 | \u00a3130 | \u00a3136.50 | \u00a371.50 | \u00a368.25 |\n\n| E: 131 to 140g/km | \u00a3155 | \u00a3155 | \u00a3162.75 | \u00a385.25 | \u00a381.38 |\n\n| F: 141 to 150g/km | \u00a3170 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3178.50 | \u00a393.50 | \u00a389.25 |\n\n| G: 151 to 165g/km | \u00a3210 | \u00a3210 | \u00a3220.50 | \u00a3115.50 | \u00a3110.25 |\n\n| H: 166 to 175g/km | \u00a3250 | \u00a3250 | \u00a3262.50 | \u00a3137.50 | \u00a3131.25 |\n\n| I: 176 to 185g/km | \u00a3275 | \u00a3275 | \u00a3288.75 | \u00a3151.25 | \u00a3144.38 |\n\n| J: 186 to 200g/km | \u00a3315 | \u00a3315 | \u00a3330.75 | \u00a3173.25 | \u00a3165.38 |\n\n| K*: 201 to 225g/km | \u00a3340 | \u00a3340 | \u00a3357 | \u00a3187 | \u00a3178.50 |\n\n| L: 226 to 255g/km | \u00a3585 | \u00a3585 | \u00a3614.25 | \u00a3321.75 | \u00a3307.13 |\n\n| M: Over 255g/km | \u00a3600 | \u00a3600 | \u00a3630 | \u00a3330 | \u00a3315 |\n\n*Includes cars with a CO2 figure over 225g/km but were registered before 23 March 2006.\n\n## Alternative fuel car (TC59)\n\n| Band and CO2 emission | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit |\n\n| A: Up to 100g/km | \u00a30 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A |\n\n| B: 101 to 110g/km | \u00a310 | \u00a310 | \u00a310.50 | N/A | N/A |\n\n| C: 111 to 120g/km | \u00a320 | \u00a320 | \u00a321 | N/A | N/A |\n\n| D: 121 to 130g/km | \u00a3120 | \u00a3120 | \u00a3126 | \u00a366 | \u00a363 |\n\n| E: 131 to 140g/km | \u00a3145 | \u00a3145 | \u00a3152.25 | \u00a379.75 | \u00a376.13 |\n\n| F: 141 to 150g/km | \u00a3160 | \u00a3160 | \u00a3168 | \u00a388 | \u00a384 |\n\n| G: 151 to 165g/km | \u00a3200 | \u00a3200 | \u00a3210 | \u00a3110 | \u00a3105 |\n\n| H: 166 to 175g/km | \u00a3240 | \u00a3240 | \u00a3252 | \u00a3132 | \u00a3126 |\n\n| I: 176 to 185g/km | \u00a3265 | \u00a3265 | \u00a3278.25 | \u00a3145.75 | \u00a3139.13 |\n\n| J: 186 to 200g/km | \u00a3305 | \u00a3305 | \u00a3320.25 | \u00a3167.75 | \u00a3160.13 |\n\n| K*: 201 to 225g/km | \u00a3330 | \u00a3330 | \u00a3346.50 | \u00a3181.50 | \u00a3173.25 |\n\n| L: 226 to 255g/km | \u00a3575 | \u00a3575 | \u00a3603.75 | \u00a3316.25 | \u00a3301.88 |\n\n| M: Over 255g/km | \u00a3590 | \u00a3590 | \u00a3619.50 | \u00a3324.50 | \u00a3309.75 |\n\n*Includes cars with a CO2 figure over 225g/km but were registered before 23 March 2006.\n\n## Cars and light goods vehicles registered before 1 March 2001\n\nThe rate of vehicle tax is based on engine size.\n\n## Private or light goods (TC11)\n\n| Engine size (cc) | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit |\n\n| Not over 1549 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3178.50 | \u00a393.50 | \u00a389.25 |\n\n| Over 1549 | \u00a3280 | \u00a3280 | \u00a3294 | \u00a3154 | \u00a3147 |\n\n## Motorhomes\n\nThe rate of vehicle tax is based on the vehicle\u2019s revenue weight (also known as maximum or gross vehicle weight).\n\n## Private or light goods (TC11)\n\nPrivate or light goods vehicles have a revenue weight of 3,500kg or less.\n\n| Engine size (cc) | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit |\n\n| Not over 1549 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3178.50 | \u00a393.50 | \u00a389.25 |\n\n| Over 1549 | \u00a3280 | \u00a3280 | \u00a3294 | \u00a3154 | \u00a3147 |\n\n## Private heavy goods (TC10)\n\nPrivate heavy goods vehicles have a revenue weight that\u2019s over 3,500kg.\n\n| Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit |\n\n| \u00a3165 | \u00a3165 | \u00a3173.25 | \u00a390.75 | \u00a386.63 |\n\n## If your motorhome was registered between 1 April 2017 and 11 March 2020\n\nYou\u2019ll pay a different rate of tax if both of the following apply to your motorhome:\n\n- it\u2019s in the M1SP category - check with your dealer if you\u2019re not sure\n\n- its CO2 emissions are included on the \u2018type approval certificate\u2019 (this might be called a \u2018certificate of conformity\u2019 or \u2018individual vehicle approval\u2019)\n\n## Other vehicle tax rates\n\n## Light goods vehicles (TC39)\n\nRegistered on or after 1 March 2001 and not over 3,500kg revenue weight (also known as maximum or gross vehicle weight).\n\n| Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit |\n\n| \u00a3275 | \u00a3275 | \u00a3288.75 | \u00a3151.25 | \u00a3144.38 |\n\n## Euro 4 light goods vehicles (TC36)\n\nRegistered between 1 March 2003 and 31 December 2006, Euro 4 compliant and not over 3,500kg revenue weight.\n\n| Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit |\n\n| \u00a3140 | \u00a3140 | \u00a3147 | \u00a377 | \u00a373.50 |\n\n## Euro 5 light goods vehicles (TC36)\n\nRegistered between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2010, Euro 5 compliant and not over 3,500kg revenue weight.\n\n| Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit |\n\n| \u00a3140 | \u00a3140 | \u00a3147 | \u00a377 | \u00a373.50 |\n\n## Motorcycle (with or without sidecar) (TC17)\n\n| Engine size (cc) | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit |\n\n| Not over 150 | \u00a321 | \u00a321 | \u00a322.05 | N/A | N/A |\n\n| 151-400 | \u00a345 | \u00a345 | \u00a347.25 | N/A | N/A |\n\n| 401-600 | \u00a369 | \u00a369 | \u00a372.45 | \u00a337.95 | \u00a336.23 |\n\n| Over 600 | \u00a396 | \u00a396 | \u00a3100.80 | \u00a352.80 | \u00a350.40 |\n\n## Tricycles (not over 450kg unladen) (TC50)\n\n| Engine size (cc) | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit |\n\n| Tricycle not over 150 | \u00a321 | \u00a321 | \u00a322.05 | N/A | N/A |\n\n| All other tricycles | \u00a396 | \u00a396 | \u00a3100.80 | \u00a352.80 | \u00a350.40 |\n\n## Trade licences\n\nYou can get trade licences for between 6 and 12 months, depending on the month you apply.\n\n| Month you apply | When the licence expires | How long it\u2019s valid for | Rate of duty for all vehicles | Rate of duty for bicycles and tricycles |\n\n| January (6 month licence) | June | 6 months | \u00a393.50 | \u00a352.80 |\n\n| January (12 month licence) | December | 12 months | \u00a3170 | \u00a396 |\n\n| February | December | 11 months | \u00a3170 | \u00a396 |\n\n| March | December | 10 months | \u00a3155.85 | \u00a388 |\n\n| April | December | 9 months | \u00a3140.25 | \u00a379.20 |\n\n| May | December | 8 months | \u00a3124.65 | \u00a370.40 |\n\n| June | December | 7 months | \u00a3109.10 | \u00a361.60 |\n\n| July | December | 6 months | \u00a393.50 | \u00a352.80 |\n\n| August | June | 11 months | \u00a3170 | \u00a396 |\n\n| September | June | 10 months | \u00a3155.85 | \u00a388 |\n\n| October | June | 9 months | \u00a3140.25 | \u00a379.20 |\n\n| November | June | 8 months | \u00a3124.65 | \u00a370.40 |\n\n| December | June | 7 months | \u00a3109.10 | \u00a361.60 |", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Cars registered on or after 1 April 2017

    ", + "

    You need to pay tax when the vehicle is first registered, this covers the vehicle for 12 months.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then pay vehicle tax every 6 or 12 months at a different rate.

    ", + "

    First tax payment when you register the vehicle

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay a rate based on a vehicle\u2019s CO2 emissions the first time it\u2019s registered.

    ", + "

    This also applies to some motorhomes.

    ", + "

    You have to pay a higher rate for diesel cars that do not meet the Real Driving Emissions 2 (RDE2) standard for nitrogen oxide emissions. You can ask your car\u2019s manufacturer if your car meets the RDE2 standard.

    ", + "CO2 emissions | Diesel cars (TC49) that meet the RDE2 standard and petrol cars (TC48) | All other diesel cars (TC49) | Alternative fuel cars (TC59)", + "0g/km | \u00a30 | \u00a30 | \u00a30", + "1 to 50g/km | \u00a310 | \u00a325 | \u00a30", + "51 to 75g/km | \u00a325 | \u00a3115 | \u00a315", + "76 to 90g/km | \u00a3115 | \u00a3140 | \u00a3105", + "91 to 100g/km | \u00a3140 | \u00a3160 | \u00a3130", + "101 to 110g/km | \u00a3160 | \u00a3180 | \u00a3150", + "111 to 130g/km | \u00a3180 | \u00a3220 | \u00a3170", + "131 to 150g/km | \u00a3220 | \u00a3555 | \u00a3210", + "151 to 170g/km | \u00a3555 | \u00a3895 | \u00a3545", + "171 to 190g/km | \u00a3895 | \u00a31,345 | \u00a3885", + "191 to 225g/km | \u00a31,345 | \u00a31,910 | \u00a31,335", + "226 to 255g/km | \u00a31,910 | \u00a32,245 | \u00a31,900", + "Over 255g/km | \u00a32,245 | \u00a32,245 | \u00a32,235", + "

    This payment covers your vehicle for 12 months.

    ", + "

    Rates for second tax payment onwards

    ", + "Fuel type | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly payments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit", + "Petrol or diesel | \u00a3155 | \u00a3155 | \u00a3162.75 | \u00a385.25 | \u00a381.38", + "Electric | \u00a30 | N/A | N/A | \u00a30 | N/A", + "Alternative | \u00a3145 | \u00a3145 | \u00a3152.25 | \u00a379.75 | \u00a376.13", + "

    Alternative fuel vehicles include hybrids, bioethanol and liquid petroleum gas.

    ", + "

    Vehicles with a list price of more than \u00a340,000

    ", + "

    You have to pay an extra \u00a3335 a year if you have a car or motorhome with a \u2018list price\u2019 (the published price before any discounts) of more than \u00a340,000. You do not have to pay this if you have a zero emission vehicle.

    ", + "

    You only have to pay this rate for 5 years (from the second time the vehicle is taxed).

    ", + "

    Check the list price with your dealer so you know how much vehicle tax you\u2019ll have to pay.

    ", + "Fuel type | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly payments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit", + "Petrol or diesel | \u00a3490 | \u00a3490 | \u00a3514.50 | \u00a3269.50 | \u00a3257.25", + "Alternative | \u00a3480 | \u00a3480 | \u00a3504 | \u00a3264 | \u00a3252", + "

    Cars registered between 1 March 2001 and 31 March 2017

    ", + "

    The rate of vehicle tax is based on fuel type and CO2 emissions.

    ", + "

    CO2 emission details are shown on the car\u2019s V5C registration certificate, or you can find emission details online.

    ", + "

    Petrol car (TC48) and diesel car (TC49)

    ", + "Band and CO2 emission | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit", + "A: Up to 100g/km | \u00a30 | \u00a30 | N/A | N/A | N/A", + "B: 101 to 110g/km | \u00a320 | \u00a320 | \u00a321 | N/A | N/A", + "C: 111 to 120g/km | \u00a330 | \u00a330 | \u00a331.50 | N/A | N/A", + "D: 121 to 130g/km | \u00a3130 | \u00a3130 | \u00a3136.50 | \u00a371.50 | \u00a368.25", + "E: 131 to 140g/km | \u00a3155 | \u00a3155 | \u00a3162.75 | \u00a385.25 | \u00a381.38", + "F: 141 to 150g/km | \u00a3170 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3178.50 | \u00a393.50 | \u00a389.25", + "G: 151 to 165g/km | \u00a3210 | \u00a3210 | \u00a3220.50 | \u00a3115.50 | \u00a3110.25", + "H: 166 to 175g/km | \u00a3250 | \u00a3250 | \u00a3262.50 | \u00a3137.50 | \u00a3131.25", + "I: 176 to 185g/km | \u00a3275 | \u00a3275 | \u00a3288.75 | \u00a3151.25 | \u00a3144.38", + "J: 186 to 200g/km | \u00a3315 | \u00a3315 | \u00a3330.75 | \u00a3173.25 | \u00a3165.38", + "K*: 201 to 225g/km | \u00a3340 | \u00a3340 | \u00a3357 | \u00a3187 | \u00a3178.50", + "L: 226 to 255g/km | \u00a3585 | \u00a3585 | \u00a3614.25 | \u00a3321.75 | \u00a3307.13", + "M: Over 255g/km | \u00a3600 | \u00a3600 | \u00a3630 | \u00a3330 | \u00a3315", + "

    *Includes cars with a CO2 figure over 225g/km but were registered before 23 March 2006.

    ", + "

    Alternative fuel car (TC59)

    ", + "Band and CO2 emission | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit", + "A: Up to 100g/km | \u00a30 | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A", + "B: 101 to 110g/km | \u00a310 | \u00a310 | \u00a310.50 | N/A | N/A", + "C: 111 to 120g/km | \u00a320 | \u00a320 | \u00a321 | N/A | N/A", + "D: 121 to 130g/km | \u00a3120 | \u00a3120 | \u00a3126 | \u00a366 | \u00a363", + "E: 131 to 140g/km | \u00a3145 | \u00a3145 | \u00a3152.25 | \u00a379.75 | \u00a376.13", + "F: 141 to 150g/km | \u00a3160 | \u00a3160 | \u00a3168 | \u00a388 | \u00a384", + "G: 151 to 165g/km | \u00a3200 | \u00a3200 | \u00a3210 | \u00a3110 | \u00a3105", + "H: 166 to 175g/km | \u00a3240 | \u00a3240 | \u00a3252 | \u00a3132 | \u00a3126", + "I: 176 to 185g/km | \u00a3265 | \u00a3265 | \u00a3278.25 | \u00a3145.75 | \u00a3139.13", + "J: 186 to 200g/km | \u00a3305 | \u00a3305 | \u00a3320.25 | \u00a3167.75 | \u00a3160.13", + "K*: 201 to 225g/km | \u00a3330 | \u00a3330 | \u00a3346.50 | \u00a3181.50 | \u00a3173.25", + "L: 226 to 255g/km | \u00a3575 | \u00a3575 | \u00a3603.75 | \u00a3316.25 | \u00a3301.88", + "M: Over 255g/km | \u00a3590 | \u00a3590 | \u00a3619.50 | \u00a3324.50 | \u00a3309.75", + "

    *Includes cars with a CO2 figure over 225g/km but were registered before 23 March 2006.

    ", + "

    Cars and light goods vehicles registered before 1 March 2001

    ", + "

    The rate of vehicle tax is based on engine size.

    ", + "

    Private or light goods (TC11)

    ", + "Engine size (cc) | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit", + "Not over 1549 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3178.50 | \u00a393.50 | \u00a389.25", + "Over 1549 | \u00a3280 | \u00a3280 | \u00a3294 | \u00a3154 | \u00a3147", + "

    Motorhomes

    ", + "

    The rate of vehicle tax is based on the vehicle\u2019s revenue weight (also known as maximum or gross vehicle weight).

    ", + "

    Private or light goods (TC11)

    ", + "

    Private or light goods vehicles have a revenue weight of 3,500kg or less.

    ", + "Engine size (cc) | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit", + "Not over 1549 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3170 | \u00a3178.50 | \u00a393.50 | \u00a389.25", + "Over 1549 | \u00a3280 | \u00a3280 | \u00a3294 | \u00a3154 | \u00a3147", + "

    Private heavy goods (TC10)

    ", + "

    Private heavy goods vehicles have a revenue weight that\u2019s over 3,500kg.

    ", + "Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | Single 6 month payment by Direct Debit", + "\u00a3165 | \u00a3165 | \u00a3173.25 | \u00a390.75 | \u00a386.63", + "

    If your motorhome was registered between 1 April 2017 and 11 March 2020

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay a different rate of tax if both of the following apply to your motorhome:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s in the M1SP category - check with your dealer if you\u2019re not sure
    • ", + "
  • its CO2 emissions are included on the \u2018type approval certificate\u2019 (this might be called a \u2018certificate of conformity\u2019 or \u2018individual vehicle approval\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Other vehicle tax rates

    ", + "

    Light goods vehicles (TC39)

    ", + "

    Registered on or after 1 March 2001 and not over 3,500kg revenue weight (also known as maximum or gross vehicle weight).

    ", + "Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit", + "\u00a3275 | \u00a3275 | \u00a3288.75 | \u00a3151.25 | \u00a3144.38", + "

    Euro 4 light goods vehicles (TC36)

    ", + "

    Registered between 1 March 2003 and 31 December 2006, Euro 4 compliant and not over 3,500kg revenue weight.

    ", + "Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit", + "\u00a3140 | \u00a3140 | \u00a3147 | \u00a377 | \u00a373.50", + "

    Euro 5 light goods vehicles (TC36)

    ", + "

    Registered between 1 January 2009 and 31 December 2010, Euro 5 compliant and not over 3,500kg revenue weight.

    ", + "Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit", + "\u00a3140 | \u00a3140 | \u00a3147 | \u00a377 | \u00a373.50", + "

    Motorcycle (with or without sidecar) (TC17)

    ", + "Engine size (cc) | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit", + "Not over 150 | \u00a321 | \u00a321 | \u00a322.05 | N/A | N/A", + "151-400 | \u00a345 | \u00a345 | \u00a347.25 | N/A | N/A", + "401-600 | \u00a369 | \u00a369 | \u00a372.45 | \u00a337.95 | \u00a336.23", + "Over 600 | \u00a396 | \u00a396 | \u00a3100.80 | \u00a352.80 | \u00a350.40", + "

    Tricycles (not over 450kg unladen) (TC50)

    ", + "Engine size (cc) | Single 12 month payment | Single 12 month payment by Direct Debit | Total of 12 monthly instalments by Direct Debit | Single 6 month payment | 6 months by Direct Debit", + "Tricycle not over 150 | \u00a321 | \u00a321 | \u00a322.05 | N/A | N/A", + "All other tricycles | \u00a396 | \u00a396 | \u00a3100.80 | \u00a352.80 | \u00a350.40", + "

    Trade licences

    ", + "

    You can get trade licences for between 6 and 12 months, depending on the month you apply.

    ", + "Month you apply | When the licence expires | How long it\u2019s valid for | Rate of duty for all vehicles | Rate of duty for bicycles and tricycles", + "January (6 month licence) | June | 6 months | \u00a393.50 | \u00a352.80", + "January (12 month licence) | December | 12 months | \u00a3170 | \u00a396", + "February | December | 11 months | \u00a3170 | \u00a396", + "March | December | 10 months | \u00a3155.85 | \u00a388", + "April | December | 9 months | \u00a3140.25 | \u00a379.20", + "May | December | 8 months | \u00a3124.65 | \u00a370.40", + "June | December | 7 months | \u00a3109.10 | \u00a361.60", + "July | December | 6 months | \u00a393.50 | \u00a352.80", + "August | June | 11 months | \u00a3170 | \u00a396", + "September | June | 10 months | \u00a3155.85 | \u00a388", + "October | June | 9 months | \u00a3140.25 | \u00a379.20", + "November | June | 8 months | \u00a3124.65 | \u00a370.40", + "December | June | 7 months | \u00a3109.10 | \u00a361.60" + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/historic-vehicles": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/historic-vehicles", + "title": "Historic (classic) vehicles: MOT and vehicle tax", + "content": "## Eligibility\n\nThe date your vehicle was built or first registered affects whether you need to:\n\n- get an MOT\n\n- pay vehicle tax\n\n## Vehicles that do not need an MOT\n\nYou do not need to get an MOT if:\n\n- the vehicle was built or first registered more than 40 years ago\n\n- no \u2018substantial changes\u2019 have been made to the vehicle in the last 30 years, for example replacing the chassis, body, axles or engine to change the way the vehicle works\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure if there have been any substantial changes you can:\n\n- read the full guidance on MOT exemptions for historic vehicles\n\n- speak to a historic vehicle expert\n\n## Vehicles exempt from vehicle tax\n\nIf your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981, you can stop paying vehicle tax from 1 April 2021.\n\nIf you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was registered before 8 January 1981, you do not need to pay vehicle tax from 1 April 2021.\n\n## What you have to do\n\nYou must apply for a vehicle tax exemption to stop paying vehicle tax. This is sometimes called putting a vehicle into the \u2018historic tax class\u2019.\n\nYou do not have to apply to stop getting an MOT for your vehicle each year. However, you must still keep it in a roadworthy condition.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a32,500 and get 3 penalty points for using a vehicle in a dangerous condition.\n\n## Historic vehicle tax exemption\n\nYou can apply to stop paying for vehicle tax from 1 April 2021 if your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981. You must tax your vehicle even if you do not have to pay.\n\nIf you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was first registered before 8 January 1981, you can still apply to stop paying vehicle tax.\n\nYour vehicle will not be exempt from vehicle tax if:\n\n- it\u2019s used for hire or reward (for example, it\u2019s used as a taxi for paying customers)\n\n- it\u2019s used commercially for a trade or business\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure if your vehicle is exempt.\n\n## Eligible vehicles\n\nYou can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- cars\n\n- vans\n\n- motorcycles\n\n- tricycles\n\n## Large vehicles and buses\n\nYou can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- private heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) - they cannot be designed or adapted for transporting goods, or be used for driver training\n\n- buses used for voluntary or community purposes\n\n## Specialist vehicles\n\nYou can also apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- mobile cranes and pumps\n\n- road rollers, works trucks and digging machines\n\n- agricultural machines and mowing machines\n\n- snowploughs and gritting vehicles\n\n- electric vehicles\n\n- steam vehicles\n\n## Apply for a vehicle tax exemption\n\nApply at a Post Office that deals with vehicle tax.\n\nYou need to take:\n\n- the log book (V5C) in your name\n\n- your vehicle tax reminder letter (V11), if you have one\n\n- an MOT certificate that\u2019s valid when the tax starts, or evidence if your vehicle\u2019s exempt from an MOT (V112)\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)\n\nIf you do not have the log book, download and fill in an application for a log book (V62). Take it to the Post Office with the \u00a325 fee.\n\n## What happens next\n\n- The Post Office sends your log book to DVLA.\n\n- DVLA will send you an updated log book.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a refund (if you\u2019re due one). It will take longer than usual to get your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVLA if you have not got your refund within 6 weeks of getting your updated log book.\n\nYou can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.\n\n## Renewing your historic vehicle's vehicle tax\n\nDVLA will send you a vehicle tax reminder letter before your tax is due to expire. You\u2019ll need to tax your vehicle, but will not need to pay.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to drive your vehicle if you have not taxed it. You can be fined \u00a380 if you do not tax your vehicle on time.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    The date your vehicle was built or first registered affects whether you need to:

    ", + "
  • get an MOT
    • ", + "
  • pay vehicle tax
    • ", + "

    Vehicles that do not need an MOT

    ", + "

    You do not need to get an MOT if:

    ", + "
  • the vehicle was built or first registered more than 40 years ago
    • ", + "
  • no \u2018substantial changes\u2019 have been made to the vehicle in the last 30 years, for example replacing the chassis, body, axles or engine to change the way the vehicle works
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure if there have been any substantial changes you can:

    ", + "
  • read the full guidance on MOT exemptions for historic vehicles
    • ", + "
  • speak to a historic vehicle expert
    • ", + "

    Vehicles exempt from vehicle tax

    ", + "

    If your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981, you can stop paying vehicle tax from 1 April 2021.

    ", + "

    If you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was registered before 8 January 1981, you do not need to pay vehicle tax from 1 April 2021.

    ", + "

    What you have to do

    ", + "

    You must apply for a vehicle tax exemption to stop paying vehicle tax. This is sometimes called putting a vehicle into the \u2018historic tax class\u2019.

    ", + "

    You do not have to apply to stop getting an MOT for your vehicle each year. However, you must still keep it in a roadworthy condition.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a32,500 and get 3 penalty points for using a vehicle in a dangerous condition.

    ", + "

    Historic vehicle tax exemption

    ", + "

    You can apply to stop paying for vehicle tax from 1 April 2021 if your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981. You must tax your vehicle even if you do not have to pay.

    ", + "

    If you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was first registered before 8 January 1981, you can still apply to stop paying vehicle tax.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will not be exempt from vehicle tax if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s used for hire or reward (for example, it\u2019s used as a taxi for paying customers)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s used commercially for a trade or business
    • ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure if your vehicle is exempt.

    ", + "

    Eligible vehicles

    ", + "

    You can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:

    ", + "
  • cars
    • ", + "
  • vans
    • ", + "
  • motorcycles
    • ", + "
  • tricycles
    • ", + "

    Large vehicles and buses

    ", + "

    You can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:

    ", + "
  • private heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) - they cannot be designed or adapted for transporting goods, or be used for driver training
    • ", + "
  • buses used for voluntary or community purposes
    • ", + "

    Specialist vehicles

    ", + "

    You can also apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:

    ", + "
  • mobile cranes and pumps
    • ", + "
  • road rollers, works trucks and digging machines
    • ", + "
  • agricultural machines and mowing machines
    • ", + "
  • snowploughs and gritting vehicles
    • ", + "
  • electric vehicles
    • ", + "
  • steam vehicles
    • ", + "

    Apply for a vehicle tax exemption

    ", + "

    Apply at a Post Office that deals with vehicle tax.

    ", + "

    You need to take:

    ", + "
  • the log book (V5C) in your name
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle tax reminder letter (V11), if you have one
    • ", + "
  • an MOT certificate that\u2019s valid when the tax starts, or evidence if your vehicle\u2019s exempt from an MOT (V112)
    • ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the log book, download and fill in an application for a log book (V62). Take it to the Post Office with the \u00a325 fee.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "
  • The Post Office sends your log book to DVLA.
    • ", + "
  • DVLA will send you an updated log book.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a refund (if you\u2019re due one). It will take longer than usual to get your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVLA if you have not got your refund within 6 weeks of getting your updated log book.
    • ", + "

    You can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.

    ", + "

    Renewing your historic vehicle's vehicle tax

    ", + "

    DVLA will send you a vehicle tax reminder letter before your tax is due to expire. You\u2019ll need to tax your vehicle, but will not need to pay.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to drive your vehicle if you have not taxed it. You can be fined \u00a380 if you do not tax your vehicle on time.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-tax-class": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-tax-class", + "title": "Change your vehicle's tax class", + "content": "## Vehicle changes that affect tax\n\nIf you make changes to your vehicle it could affect:\n\n- how much vehicle tax you pay\n\n- your vehicle\u2019s tax class\n\nChanges that affect your vehicle include:\n\n- the engine size (cc)\n\n- the fuel type\n\n- the weight (goods vehicles only)\n\n- the number of seats (buses only)\n\n- what you use the vehicle for, for example using a minibus for profit\n\nYou will not have to pay vehicle tax or will pay a lower rate if it\u2019s being used by:\n\n- a disabled person\n\n- an organisation providing transport for disabled people\n\n## How to change your vehicle\u2019s tax class\n\nHow you change your vehicle\u2019s tax class depends on if:\n\n- the tax is due to run out (you\u2019ve had a reminder or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter)\n\n- the tax is not due to run out\n\n- you\u2019re changing whether or not the vehicle is exempt from vehicle tax, for example changing a car into or out of the disabled tax class\n\n## Work out the new tax rate\n\nYou need to work out if you\u2019ll need to pay more tax because of the change.\n\n- Find out the new rate of vehicle tax.\n\n- Work out the difference between the old and new rates of your vehicle tax. For example, if the old rate is \u00a3100 and the new rate is \u00a3130, the difference is \u00a330.\n\n- Divide the difference by the number of months you pay your tax over. For example, \u00a330 divided by 12 months is \u00a32.50.\n\n- Multiply this by the number of months remaining on the tax. For example, \u00a32.50 multiplied by 4 months is \u00a310.\n\n- Pay the extra vehicle tax. In this example you would need to pay \u00a310 extra tax.\n\n## If the tax rate increases\n\nYou have to pay the increased rate from the first day of the month you change the tax rate in.\n\n## If the tax rate decreases\n\nYou pay the decreased rate from the first day of the next month.\n\n## Tax is not due to run out\n\nUse form V70 to change your vehicle\u2019s tax class if the tax is not due to run out.\n\nYou apply a different way if you\u2019ve had a reminder letter or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter.\n\n## What to send\n\nSend the form to DVLA with:\n\n- the V5C vehicle registration certificate (log book) with any changes marked on it\n\n- a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVLA, Swansea\u2019 for any extra vehicle tax you have to pay - damaged or altered cheques will not be accepted\n\n- a current MOT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)\n\n- written proof if you\u2019ve decreased engine size or changed fuel type, for example a new engine receipt or letter from the garage that made the change\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)\n\nIf you do not have the V5C, download and fill in a V62 form. Send it to DVLA with the \u00a325 fee.\n\n## Lorries and buses\n\nYou also need to send the following if they\u2019re required for your vehicle:\n\n- a plating or weight certificate\n\n- for buses only - a certificate of initial fitness, certificate of conformity or equivalent PSV401, PSV408, PDV500 or PSV506\n\n## What happens next\n\n- You\u2019ll get a confirmation from DVLA that the change has been made.\n\n- DVLA will send you an updated V5C.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a refund if you\u2019re due one. It will take longer than usual to send your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.\n\n## Tax is due to run out or changing if the vehicle is exempt\n\nChange your vehicle\u2019s tax class at a Post Office that deals with vehicle tax if either:\n\n- the vehicle tax is due to run out (you\u2019ve had a reminder or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter)\n\n- you\u2019re changing whether a vehicle is exempt from vehicle tax or not, for example, it\u2019s being used by a disabled person\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for a vehicle tax reduction because you\u2019re disabled, you need to apply by post to DVLA.\n\n## What to take to the Post Office\n\n## Vehicle registration documents\n\nTake the V5C registration certificate (log book) in your name.\n\nIf you do not have one, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- a completed application for a new registration certificate - either download form V62 or get it from the Post Office\n\n- your \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip, if you\u2019ve just bought the vehicle\n\nA new registration certificate is free if you have a \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip. Otherwise the cost is \u00a325.\n\n## Other documents\n\nYou must also take:\n\n- your vehicle tax reminder letter (V11) if you have one\n\n- an MOT certificate that\u2019s valid when the tax starts, or evidence if your vehicle\u2019s exempt from an MOT (V112)\n\n- evidence of any eligibility for a disability exemption\n\n- payment for vehicle tax (if you have to pay for your new tax class)\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)\n\nIf you drive a lorry or bus, you also need to take the vehicle\u2019s latest annual test certificate or exemption (V112G).\n\n## What happens next\n\n- The Post Office sends your V5C, new keeper slip or V62 to DVLA.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a confirmation from DVLA that the change has been made.\n\n- DVLA will send you an updated V5C.\n\n- DVLA will send you a refund if you\u2019re due one. It will take longer than usual to send your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Vehicle changes that affect tax

    ", + "

    If you make changes to your vehicle it could affect:

    ", + "
  • how much vehicle tax you pay
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle\u2019s tax class
    • ", + "

    Changes that affect your vehicle include:

    ", + "
  • the engine size (cc)
    • ", + "
  • the fuel type
    • ", + "
  • the weight (goods vehicles only)
    • ", + "
  • the number of seats (buses only)
    • ", + "
  • what you use the vehicle for, for example using a minibus for profit
    • ", + "

    You will not have to pay vehicle tax or will pay a lower rate if it\u2019s being used by:

    ", + "
  • a disabled person
    • ", + "
  • an organisation providing transport for disabled people
    • ", + "

    How to change your vehicle\u2019s tax class

    ", + "

    How you change your vehicle\u2019s tax class depends on if:

    ", + "
  • the tax is due to run out (you\u2019ve had a reminder or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter)
    • ", + "
  • the tax is not due to run out
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re changing whether or not the vehicle is exempt from vehicle tax, for example changing a car into or out of the disabled tax class
    • ", + "

    Work out the new tax rate

    ", + "

    You need to work out if you\u2019ll need to pay more tax because of the change.

    ", + "
  • Find out the new rate of vehicle tax.
    • ", + "
  • Work out the difference between the old and new rates of your vehicle tax. For example, if the old rate is \u00a3100 and the new rate is \u00a3130, the difference is \u00a330.
    • ", + "
  • Divide the difference by the number of months you pay your tax over. For example, \u00a330 divided by 12 months is \u00a32.50.
    • ", + "
  • Multiply this by the number of months remaining on the tax. For example, \u00a32.50 multiplied by 4 months is \u00a310.
    • ", + "
  • Pay the extra vehicle tax. In this example you would need to pay \u00a310 extra tax.
    • ", + "

    If the tax rate increases

    ", + "

    You have to pay the increased rate from the first day of the month you change the tax rate in.

    ", + "

    If the tax rate decreases

    ", + "

    You pay the decreased rate from the first day of the next month.

    ", + "

    Tax is not due to run out

    ", + "

    Use form V70 to change your vehicle\u2019s tax class if the tax is not due to run out.

    ", + "

    You apply a different way if you\u2019ve had a reminder letter or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter.

    ", + "

    What to send

    ", + "

    Send the form to DVLA with:

    ", + "
  • the V5C vehicle registration certificate (log book) with any changes marked on it
    • ", + "
  • a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVLA, Swansea\u2019 for any extra vehicle tax you have to pay - damaged or altered cheques will not be accepted
    • ", + "
  • a current MOT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)
    • ", + "
  • written proof if you\u2019ve decreased engine size or changed fuel type, for example a new engine receipt or letter from the garage that made the change
    • ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the V5C, download and fill in a V62 form. Send it to DVLA with the \u00a325 fee.

    ", + "

    Lorries and buses

    ", + "

    You also need to send the following if they\u2019re required for your vehicle:

    ", + "
  • a plating or weight certificate
    • ", + "
  • for buses only - a certificate of initial fitness, certificate of conformity or equivalent PSV401, PSV408, PDV500 or PSV506
    • ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a confirmation from DVLA that the change has been made.
    • ", + "
  • DVLA will send you an updated V5C.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a refund if you\u2019re due one. It will take longer than usual to send your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19).
    • ", + "

    You can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.

    ", + "

    Tax is due to run out or changing if the vehicle is exempt

    ", + "

    Change your vehicle\u2019s tax class at a Post Office that deals with vehicle tax if either:

    ", + "
  • the vehicle tax is due to run out (you\u2019ve had a reminder or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re changing whether a vehicle is exempt from vehicle tax or not, for example, it\u2019s being used by a disabled person
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for a vehicle tax reduction because you\u2019re disabled, you need to apply by post to DVLA.

    ", + "

    What to take to the Post Office

    ", + "

    Vehicle registration documents

    ", + "

    Take the V5C registration certificate (log book) in your name.

    ", + "

    If you do not have one, you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a completed application for a new registration certificate - either download form V62 or get it from the Post Office
    • ", + "
  • your \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip, if you\u2019ve just bought the vehicle
    • ", + "

    A new registration certificate is free if you have a \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip. Otherwise the cost is \u00a325.

    ", + "

    Other documents

    ", + "

    You must also take:

    ", + "
  • your vehicle tax reminder letter (V11) if you have one
    • ", + "
  • an MOT certificate that\u2019s valid when the tax starts, or evidence if your vehicle\u2019s exempt from an MOT (V112)
    • ", + "
  • evidence of any eligibility for a disability exemption
    • ", + "
  • payment for vehicle tax (if you have to pay for your new tax class)
    • ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    If you drive a lorry or bus, you also need to take the vehicle\u2019s latest annual test certificate or exemption (V112G).

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "
  • The Post Office sends your V5C, new keeper slip or V62 to DVLA.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a confirmation from DVLA that the change has been made.
    • ", + "
  • DVLA will send you an updated V5C.
    • ", + "
  • DVLA will send you a refund if you\u2019re due one. It will take longer than usual to send your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19).
    • ", + "

    You can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/getting-an-mot": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-an-mot", + "title": "Getting an MOT", + "content": "## When to get an MOT\n\nThe MOT test checks that your vehicle meets road safety and environmental standards.\n\nYou must get an MOT for your vehicle by either:\n\n- the third anniversary of its registration\n\n- the anniversary of its last MOT, if it\u2019s over 3 years old\n\nSome vehicles need to be tested at one year old - check the MOT fees table to see which.\n\nFind out how to check your MOT expiry date.\n\nThere are different rules and processes in Northern Ireland for MOTs for vehicles registered in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19): getting an MOT\n\nYou need to get an MOT for your vehicle as usual.\n\nDo not take your vehicle to an MOT centre in person if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has coronavirus\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## If you cannot take your vehicle in person\n\nSome MOT centres will collect your vehicle for the MOT and then return it. Contact an MOT centre to see if this service is available.\n\nYou can also get someone else to take your vehicle into a test centre if you insure them on your vehicle.\n\nIf you cannot get your vehicle collected or taken in for you, you must wait until you\u2019re no longer self-isolating to take it into a test centre.\n\n## If the MOT has run out\n\n- If your tax is due to run out, register your vehicle as \u2018off the road\u2019 - you cannot renew your vehicle tax if your MOT has expired.\n\n- Book an MOT test.\n\n- Tax your vehicle once it has passed its MOT.\n\nYou cannot drive or park your vehicle on the road if the MOT has run out. You can be prosecuted if caught.\n\nThe only exceptions are to drive it:\n\n- to or from somewhere to be repaired\n\n- to a pre-arranged MOT test\n\n## Earliest date you can get an MOT\n\nAn MOT lasts for a year. The date it runs out is printed on your current MOT pass certificate.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving a vehicle without a valid MOT.\n\nYou can get an MOT up to a month (minus a day) before it runs out and keep the same renewal date.\n\nYou can get an MOT earlier, but the renewal date for the following year will change to one year (minus a day) from the date the vehicle last passed its MOT.\n\n## Booking an MOT\n\nYou must use an approved MOT test centre to get your MOT.\n\nOnly centres showing the blue sign with 3 white triangles can carry out your MOT.\n\n## How you can book\n\nContact an MOT centre to book an MOT.\n\nThere are maximum fees that the MOT centre can charge.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process to book an MOT in Northern Ireland.\n\n## MOT costs\n\nThere\u2019s a maximum amount MOT test stations can charge. This depends on the type of vehicle.\n\nThe maximum fee for a car is \u00a354.85 and \u00a329.65 for a standard motorcycle.\n\nYou do not pay VAT on the fee.\n\n| | Vehicle class | Age first MOT needed (years) | Maximum MOT fee |\n\n| Motorcycle (engine size up to 200cc) | 1 | 3 | \u00a329.65 |\n\n| Motorcycle with sidecar (engine size up to 200cc) | 1 | 3 | \u00a337.80 |\n\n| Motorcycle (engine size over 200cc) | 2 | 3 | \u00a329.65 |\n\n| Motorcycle with sidecar (engine size over 200cc) | 2 | 3 | \u00a337.80 |\n\n| 3-wheeled vehicles (up to 450kg unladen weight) | 3 | 3 | \u00a337.80 |\n\n| 3-wheeled vehicles (over 450kg unladen weight) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Cars (up to 8 passenger seats) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Motor caravans | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Quads (max unladen weight 400kg - for goods vehicles 550kg and max net power of 15kw) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Dual purpose vehicles | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Private hire and public service vehicles (up to 8 seats) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Ambulances and taxis | 4 | 1 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (9 to 12 passenger seats) | 4 | 1 | \u00a357.30 |\n\n| Goods vehicles (up to 3,000kg design gross weight) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Class 4 vehicles (9 to 12 passenger seats) with a seat belt installation check | 4a | n/a | \u00a364 |\n\n| Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (13 to 16 passenger seats) | 5 | 1 | \u00a359.55 |\n\n| Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (more than 16 passenger seats) | 5 | 1 | \u00a380.65 |\n\n| Playbuses | 5 | 1 | \u00a380.65 |\n\n| Class 5 vehicles (13 to 16 passenger seats) with a seatbelt installation check | 5a | n/a | \u00a380.50 |\n\n| Class 5 vehicles (more than 16 passenger seats) with a seatbelt installation check | 5a | n/a | \u00a3124.50 |\n\n| Goods vehicles (over 3,000kg up to 3,500kg design gross weight) | 7 | 3 | \u00a358.60 |\n\n## How the MOT test works\n\nDuring the MOT, important parts on your vehicle will be checked to make sure they meet the legal standards.\n\nYou can watch the test from a viewing area but you\u2019re not allowed to interrupt the tester.\n\n## Parts that are tested\n\nYou can read more about what\u2019s tested for cars and motorcycles.\n\nThe test does not cover the condition of the engine, clutch or gearbox.\n\nThe MOT guide and inspection manuals tell you everything that\u2019s tested.\n\n## MOT test result\n\nYour vehicle can either pass or fail the MOT.\n\n## Passing the MOT\n\nIf your vehicle passes the MOT:\n\n- you\u2019ll get an MOT certificate from the test centre\n\n- it will be recorded in the MOT database\n\nYou might also get a list of \u2018minor\u2019 or \u2018advisory\u2019 problems to monitor or fix in the future.\n\n## Failing the MOT\n\nYour vehicle will fail if the test result lists \u2018dangerous\u2019 or \u2018major\u2019 problems with your vehicle. You might not be allowed to drive until you fix the problems.\n\nYou might also get a list of \u2018minor\u2019 or \u2018advisory\u2019 problems to monitor or fix in the future.\n\nIf your vehicle fails the MOT:\n\n- you\u2019ll get a \u2018refusal of an MOT test certificate\u2019 from the test centre\n\n- it will be recorded in the MOT database\n\nYou can appeal the result if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## Driving a vehicle that\u2019s failed\n\nYou can take your vehicle away if:\n\n- your current MOT certificate is still valid\n\n- no \u2018dangerous\u2019 problems were listed in the MOT\n\nOtherwise, you\u2019ll need to get it repaired before you can drive.\n\nIf you can take your vehicle away, it must still meet the minimum standards of roadworthiness at all times.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for driving a vehicle that has failed its MOT because of a \u2018dangerous\u2019 problem.\n\n## Retest after a repair\n\nIn some cases your vehicle can have a partial retest for free or a reduced MOT fee.\n\n## Leaving your vehicle for repair\n\nYou only need a partial retest if you leave the vehicle at the test centre for repair and it\u2019s retested within 10 working days. There\u2019s no fee for this.\n\n## Taking your vehicle away for repairs\n\nYou can take your vehicle away if your MOT certificate is still valid.\n\nIf your MOT has run out you can take your vehicle to:\n\n- have the failed defects fixed\n\n- a pre-arranged MOT test appointment\n\nIn both cases, your vehicle still needs to meet the minimum standards of roadworthiness at all times or you can be fined.\n\n## Taking it back for a retest the next working day\n\nYou will not have to pay again if you take it back to the same test centre before the end of the next working day for a partial retest on one or more of these items:\n\n- access panels\n\n- battery\n\n- bonnet\n\n- bootlid\n\n- brake pedal antislip\n\n- break glass hammer (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- doors (including hinges, catches and pillars)\n\n- door open warning device (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- dropsides\n\n- electrical wiring\n\n- emergency exits and signs (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- entrance door remote control (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- entrance/exit steps (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- fuel filler cap\n\n- headlamp cleaning or levelling devices (that does not need a headlamp aim check)\n\n- horn\n\n- lamps (excluding headlamp aim)\n\n- loading door\n\n- main beam \u2018tell-tale\u2019\n\n- mirrors\n\n- rear reflectors\n\n- registration plates\n\n- seatbelts (but not anchorages), seatbelt load limiter and seatbelt pre-tensioner\n\n- seats\n\n- sharp edges or projections\n\n- stairs (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- steering wheel\n\n- tailboard\n\n- tailgate\n\n- trailer electrical sockets\n\n- towbars (excluding body around anchorage points)\n\n- tyre pressure monitoring system\n\n- vehicle identification number (VIN)\n\n- windscreen glass, wipers and washers\n\n- wheels and tyres (excluding motorcycles and motorcycles with sidecar)\n\n## Taking it back for a retest within 10 working days\n\nYou\u2019ll only need a partial retest if you take the vehicle from the test centre for repairs and take it back within 10 working days. You can be charged a partial retest fee for this.\n\nIn all other cases, you\u2019ll need to get a full retest and pay the full MOT test fee again.\n\n## Test result appeals and problems\n\nYou can appeal an MOT test failure or complain to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you think your vehicle should not have passed.\n\nYou can take your own action against an MOT test centre through Trading Standards, personal legal proceedings or reporting the centre to the police. DVSA cannot help you take action against a centre.\n\n## Appeal if your vehicle failed an MOT\n\nYou need to discuss your test results with the test centre before anyone starts repairs.\n\nYou can appeal against the failure if you think it\u2019s wrong. Fill in the complaint form and send it to DVSA within 14 working days of the test.\n\nDVSA will contact you within 5 days to discuss your appeal.\n\nIf DVSA decides to recheck your vehicle, you\u2019ll need to arrange a date and pay the full test fee again. They\u2019ll send you an inspection report listing any vehicle defects.\n\nYou should not have any repairs made until the appeal process has finished.\n\n## If you think your car has passed when it should not have\n\nYou\u2019ll need to complain to DVSA if you do not think your car should have passed its MOT. Fill in the complaint form and send it to DVSA within the time limits below.\n\nDVSA will contact you within 5 days to discuss your complaint.\n\nIf DVSA decides to recheck your vehicle, you\u2019ll need to arrange a date. You will not need to pay the test fee again. They\u2019ll send you an inspection report listing any vehicle defects.\n\n## Time limits\n\nIf your vehicle passed, you need to complain within:\n\n- within 3 months of the MOT if it\u2019s a corrosion-related problem\n\n- within 28 days has passed for other defects\n\n## If you think your MOT certificate is not genuine\n\nYou can check that your MOT certificate is genuine by checking its MOT status.\n\n## If you\u2019re unhappy with your MOT service\n\nContact DVSA if you\u2019re not happy with your MOT service.\n\n## Vehicles that do not need an MOT\n\nYou do not need to get an MOT for a vehicle until it reaches the age shown in the MOT fees table.\n\n## Exempt vehicles\n\nOther vehicles that do not need an MOT include:\n\n- goods vehicles powered by electricity and registered before 1 March 2015\n\n- tractors\n\n- some historic (\u2018classic\u2019) vehicles\n\nA list of exempt types of vehicles is on the MOT exemption form (V112). You need to fill in the form if your vehicle is listed so that you can either tax it or apply for tax exemption.\n\n## Lorries, buses and trailers\n\nYou must get an annual test for lorries, buses and trailers instead of an MOT. It\u2019s sometimes called the \u2018annual vehicle test\u2019.\n\n## Fix mistakes on your MOT certificate\n\nYou can get information corrected on your MOT certificate (such as the mileage or vehicle details) if it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## Get the wrong mileage corrected\n\nThe way you get the mileage corrected depends on when your MOT was.\n\n## Your MOT was less than 28 days ago\n\nAsk the MOT centre to check the mileage. They\u2019ll give you a replacement certificate if the mileage is wrong.\n\n## Your MOT was more than 28 days ago\n\nReport the mistake to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get it corrected.\n\nYou also need to email proof of the mileage, such as a scan or photo of:\n\n- an invoice for the MOT\n\n- an emissions printout\n\n- a service receipt\n\n- a vehicle job card from the MOT centre\n\nThey need to show what the mileage should be, and show the same date as the MOT test.\n\nIf your scan or photo includes personal information, for example your payment details, you should blank it out or remove it.\n\nIf you do not send the right evidence, DVSA will not fix the mistakes.\n\nOnce DVSA has updated the mileage, you can check your vehicle\u2019s MOT history and download or print a corrected MOT certificate.\n\n## Get vehicle details or the MOT centre corrected\n\nContact DVSA if your MOT certificate has the wrong:\n\n- vehicle make or model\n\n- vehicle colour\n\n- country where the vehicle was registered\n\n- MOT test centre\n\n## Add or remove test records\n\nIf there\u2019s an MOT test missing from your vehicle\u2019s MOT history, or a test that does not belong there, email or call DVSA to have it corrected.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give your:\n\n- name\n\n- telephone number\n\n- vehicle number plate\n\n- vehicle make and model\n\n- date of the MOT\n\n- MOT test number (if you know it)\n\n- MOT test centre name and address", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When to get an MOT

    ", + "

    The MOT test checks that your vehicle meets road safety and environmental standards.

    ", + "

    You must get an MOT for your vehicle by either:

    ", + "
  • the third anniversary of its registration
    • ", + "
  • the anniversary of its last MOT, if it\u2019s over 3 years old
    • ", + "

    Some vehicles need to be tested at one year old - check the MOT fees table to see which.

    ", + "

    Find out how to check your MOT expiry date.

    ", + "

    There are different rules and processes in Northern Ireland for MOTs for vehicles registered in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19): getting an MOT

    ", + "

    You need to get an MOT for your vehicle as usual.

    ", + "

    Do not take your vehicle to an MOT centre in person if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has coronavirus
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    If you cannot take your vehicle in person

    ", + "

    Some MOT centres will collect your vehicle for the MOT and then return it. Contact an MOT centre to see if this service is available.

    ", + "

    You can also get someone else to take your vehicle into a test centre if you insure them on your vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get your vehicle collected or taken in for you, you must wait until you\u2019re no longer self-isolating to take it into a test centre.

    ", + "

    If the MOT has run out

    ", + "
  • If your tax is due to run out, register your vehicle as \u2018off the road\u2019 - you cannot renew your vehicle tax if your MOT has expired.
    • ", + "
  • Book an MOT test.
    • ", + "
  • Tax your vehicle once it has passed its MOT.
    • ", + "

    You cannot drive or park your vehicle on the road if the MOT has run out. You can be prosecuted if caught.

    ", + "

    The only exceptions are to drive it:

    ", + "
  • to or from somewhere to be repaired
    • ", + "
  • to a pre-arranged MOT test
    • ", + "

    Earliest date you can get an MOT

    ", + "

    An MOT lasts for a year. The date it runs out is printed on your current MOT pass certificate.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving a vehicle without a valid MOT.

    ", + "

    You can get an MOT up to a month (minus a day) before it runs out and keep the same renewal date.

    ", + "

    You can get an MOT earlier, but the renewal date for the following year will change to one year (minus a day) from the date the vehicle last passed its MOT.

    ", + "

    Booking an MOT

    ", + "

    You must use an approved MOT test centre to get your MOT.

    ", + "

    Only centres showing the blue sign with 3 white triangles can carry out your MOT.

    ", + "

    How you can book

    ", + "

    Contact an MOT centre to book an MOT.

    ", + "

    There are maximum fees that the MOT centre can charge.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process to book an MOT in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    MOT costs

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a maximum amount MOT test stations can charge. This depends on the type of vehicle.

    ", + "

    The maximum fee for a car is \u00a354.85 and \u00a329.65 for a standard motorcycle.

    ", + "

    You do not pay VAT on the fee.

    ", + " | Vehicle class | Age first MOT needed (years) | Maximum MOT fee", + "Motorcycle (engine size up to 200cc) | 1 | 3 | \u00a329.65", + "Motorcycle with sidecar (engine size up to 200cc) | 1 | 3 | \u00a337.80", + "Motorcycle (engine size over 200cc) | 2 | 3 | \u00a329.65", + "Motorcycle with sidecar (engine size over 200cc) | 2 | 3 | \u00a337.80", + "3-wheeled vehicles (up to 450kg unladen weight) | 3 | 3 | \u00a337.80", + "3-wheeled vehicles (over 450kg unladen weight) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85", + "Cars (up to 8 passenger seats) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85", + "Motor caravans | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85", + "Quads (max unladen weight 400kg - for goods vehicles 550kg and max net power of 15kw) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85", + "Dual purpose vehicles | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85", + "Private hire and public service vehicles (up to 8 seats) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85", + "Ambulances and taxis | 4 | 1 | \u00a354.85", + "Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (9 to 12 passenger seats) | 4 | 1 | \u00a357.30", + "Goods vehicles (up to 3,000kg design gross weight) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85", + "Class 4 vehicles (9 to 12 passenger seats) with a seat belt installation check | 4a | n/a | \u00a364", + "Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (13 to 16 passenger seats) | 5 | 1 | \u00a359.55", + "Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (more than 16 passenger seats) | 5 | 1 | \u00a380.65", + "Playbuses | 5 | 1 | \u00a380.65", + "Class 5 vehicles (13 to 16 passenger seats) with a seatbelt installation check | 5a | n/a | \u00a380.50", + "Class 5 vehicles (more than 16 passenger seats) with a seatbelt installation check | 5a | n/a | \u00a3124.50", + "Goods vehicles (over 3,000kg up to 3,500kg design gross weight) | 7 | 3 | \u00a358.60", + "

    How the MOT test works

    ", + "

    During the MOT, important parts on your vehicle will be checked to make sure they meet the legal standards.

    ", + "

    You can watch the test from a viewing area but you\u2019re not allowed to interrupt the tester.

    ", + "

    Parts that are tested

    ", + "

    You can read more about what\u2019s tested for cars and motorcycles.

    ", + "

    The test does not cover the condition of the engine, clutch or gearbox.

    ", + "

    The MOT guide and inspection manuals tell you everything that\u2019s tested.

    ", + "

    MOT test result

    ", + "

    Your vehicle can either pass or fail the MOT.

    ", + "

    Passing the MOT

    ", + "

    If your vehicle passes the MOT:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll get an MOT certificate from the test centre
    • ", + "
  • it will be recorded in the MOT database
    • ", + "

    You might also get a list of \u2018minor\u2019 or \u2018advisory\u2019 problems to monitor or fix in the future.

    ", + "

    Failing the MOT

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will fail if the test result lists \u2018dangerous\u2019 or \u2018major\u2019 problems with your vehicle. You might not be allowed to drive until you fix the problems.

    ", + "

    You might also get a list of \u2018minor\u2019 or \u2018advisory\u2019 problems to monitor or fix in the future.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle fails the MOT:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll get a \u2018refusal of an MOT test certificate\u2019 from the test centre
    • ", + "
  • it will be recorded in the MOT database
    • ", + "

    You can appeal the result if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    Driving a vehicle that\u2019s failed

    ", + "

    You can take your vehicle away if:

    ", + "
  • your current MOT certificate is still valid
    • ", + "
  • no \u2018dangerous\u2019 problems were listed in the MOT
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, you\u2019ll need to get it repaired before you can drive.

    ", + "

    If you can take your vehicle away, it must still meet the minimum standards of roadworthiness at all times.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for driving a vehicle that has failed its MOT because of a \u2018dangerous\u2019 problem.

    ", + "

    Retest after a repair

    ", + "

    In some cases your vehicle can have a partial retest for free or a reduced MOT fee.

    ", + "

    Leaving your vehicle for repair

    ", + "

    You only need a partial retest if you leave the vehicle at the test centre for repair and it\u2019s retested within 10 working days. There\u2019s no fee for this.

    ", + "

    Taking your vehicle away for repairs

    ", + "

    You can take your vehicle away if your MOT certificate is still valid.

    ", + "

    If your MOT has run out you can take your vehicle to:

    ", + "
  • have the failed defects fixed
    • ", + "
  • a pre-arranged MOT test appointment
    • ", + "

    In both cases, your vehicle still needs to meet the minimum standards of roadworthiness at all times or you can be fined.

    ", + "

    Taking it back for a retest the next working day

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay again if you take it back to the same test centre before the end of the next working day for a partial retest on one or more of these items:

    ", + "
  • access panels
    • ", + "
  • battery
    • ", + "
  • bonnet
    • ", + "
  • bootlid
    • ", + "
  • brake pedal antislip
    • ", + "
  • break glass hammer (class 5 vehicles only)
    • ", + "
  • doors (including hinges, catches and pillars)
    • ", + "
  • door open warning device (class 5 vehicles only)
    • ", + "
  • dropsides
    • ", + "
  • electrical wiring
    • ", + "
  • emergency exits and signs (class 5 vehicles only)
    • ", + "
  • entrance door remote control (class 5 vehicles only)
    • ", + "
  • entrance/exit steps (class 5 vehicles only)
    • ", + "
  • fuel filler cap
    • ", + "
  • headlamp cleaning or levelling devices (that does not need a headlamp aim check)
    • ", + "
  • horn
    • ", + "
  • lamps (excluding headlamp aim)
    • ", + "
  • loading door
    • ", + "
  • main beam \u2018tell-tale\u2019
    • ", + "
  • mirrors
    • ", + "
  • rear reflectors
    • ", + "
  • registration plates
    • ", + "
  • seatbelts (but not anchorages), seatbelt load limiter and seatbelt pre-tensioner
    • ", + "
  • seats
    • ", + "
  • sharp edges or projections
    • ", + "
  • stairs (class 5 vehicles only)
    • ", + "
  • steering wheel
    • ", + "
  • tailboard
    • ", + "
  • tailgate
    • ", + "
  • trailer electrical sockets
    • ", + "
  • towbars (excluding body around anchorage points)
    • ", + "
  • tyre pressure monitoring system
    • ", + "
  • vehicle identification number (VIN)
    • ", + "
  • windscreen glass, wipers and washers
    • ", + "
  • wheels and tyres (excluding motorcycles and motorcycles with sidecar)
    • ", + "

    Taking it back for a retest within 10 working days

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only need a partial retest if you take the vehicle from the test centre for repairs and take it back within 10 working days. You can be charged a partial retest fee for this.

    ", + "

    In all other cases, you\u2019ll need to get a full retest and pay the full MOT test fee again.

    ", + "

    Test result appeals and problems

    ", + "

    You can appeal an MOT test failure or complain to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you think your vehicle should not have passed.

    ", + "

    You can take your own action against an MOT test centre through Trading Standards, personal legal proceedings or reporting the centre to the police. DVSA cannot help you take action against a centre.

    ", + "

    Appeal if your vehicle failed an MOT

    ", + "

    You need to discuss your test results with the test centre before anyone starts repairs.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against the failure if you think it\u2019s wrong. Fill in the complaint form and send it to DVSA within 14 working days of the test.

    ", + "

    DVSA will contact you within 5 days to discuss your appeal.

    ", + "

    If DVSA decides to recheck your vehicle, you\u2019ll need to arrange a date and pay the full test fee again. They\u2019ll send you an inspection report listing any vehicle defects.

    ", + "

    You should not have any repairs made until the appeal process has finished.

    ", + "

    If you think your car has passed when it should not have

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to complain to DVSA if you do not think your car should have passed its MOT. Fill in the complaint form and send it to DVSA within the time limits below.

    ", + "

    DVSA will contact you within 5 days to discuss your complaint.

    ", + "

    If DVSA decides to recheck your vehicle, you\u2019ll need to arrange a date. You will not need to pay the test fee again. They\u2019ll send you an inspection report listing any vehicle defects.

    ", + "

    Time limits

    ", + "

    If your vehicle passed, you need to complain within:

    ", + "
  • within 3 months of the MOT if it\u2019s a corrosion-related problem
    • ", + "
  • within 28 days has passed for other defects
    • ", + "

    If you think your MOT certificate is not genuine

    ", + "

    You can check that your MOT certificate is genuine by checking its MOT status.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with your MOT service

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA if you\u2019re not happy with your MOT service.

    ", + "

    Vehicles that do not need an MOT

    ", + "

    You do not need to get an MOT for a vehicle until it reaches the age shown in the MOT fees table.

    ", + "

    Exempt vehicles

    ", + "

    Other vehicles that do not need an MOT include:

    ", + "
  • goods vehicles powered by electricity and registered before 1 March 2015
    • ", + "
  • tractors
    • ", + "
  • some historic (\u2018classic\u2019) vehicles
    • ", + "

    A list of exempt types of vehicles is on the MOT exemption form (V112). You need to fill in the form if your vehicle is listed so that you can either tax it or apply for tax exemption.

    ", + "

    Lorries, buses and trailers

    ", + "

    You must get an annual test for lorries, buses and trailers instead of an MOT. It\u2019s sometimes called the \u2018annual vehicle test\u2019.

    ", + "

    Fix mistakes on your MOT certificate

    ", + "

    You can get information corrected on your MOT certificate (such as the mileage or vehicle details) if it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    Get the wrong mileage corrected

    ", + "

    The way you get the mileage corrected depends on when your MOT was.

    ", + "

    Your MOT was less than 28 days ago

    ", + "

    Ask the MOT centre to check the mileage. They\u2019ll give you a replacement certificate if the mileage is wrong.

    ", + "

    Your MOT was more than 28 days ago

    ", + "

    Report the mistake to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get it corrected.

    ", + "

    You also need to email proof of the mileage, such as a scan or photo of:

    ", + "
  • an invoice for the MOT
    • ", + "
  • an emissions printout
    • ", + "
  • a service receipt
    • ", + "
  • a vehicle job card from the MOT centre
    • ", + "

    They need to show what the mileage should be, and show the same date as the MOT test.

    ", + "

    If your scan or photo includes personal information, for example your payment details, you should blank it out or remove it.

    ", + "

    If you do not send the right evidence, DVSA will not fix the mistakes.

    ", + "

    Once DVSA has updated the mileage, you can check your vehicle\u2019s MOT history and download or print a corrected MOT certificate.

    ", + "

    Get vehicle details or the MOT centre corrected

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA if your MOT certificate has the wrong:

    ", + "
  • vehicle make or model
    • ", + "
  • vehicle colour
    • ", + "
  • country where the vehicle was registered
    • ", + "
  • MOT test centre
    • ", + "

    Add or remove test records

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s an MOT test missing from your vehicle\u2019s MOT history, or a test that does not belong there, email or call DVSA to have it corrected.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give your:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • telephone number
    • ", + "
  • vehicle number plate
    • ", + "
  • vehicle make and model
    • ", + "
  • date of the MOT
    • ", + "
  • MOT test number (if you know it)
    • ", + "
  • MOT test centre name and address
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-insurance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-insurance", + "title": "Vehicle insurance", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must have motor insurance to drive your vehicle on UK roads.\n\nThird party insurance is the legal minimum. This means you\u2019re covered if you have an accident causing damage or injury to any other person, vehicle, animal or property. It does not cover any other costs like repair to your own vehicle.\n\nYou may want to use an insurance broker.\n\n## If you\u2019re in an accident\n\nIf you have an accident causing damage or injury you must give the following to anyone with \u2018reasonable grounds for requiring them\u2019, for example an insurance company:\n\n- your name and address\n\n- the vehicle registration number\n\nYou also need to give the owner\u2019s name and address if the vehicle is not yours.\n\nYou must report the accident to the police within 24 hours if you do not give your details at the time of the accident.\n\nYou must also report the accident to your insurance company, even if you\u2019re not planning to make a claim.\n\n## Accidents with uninsured motorists\n\nYou should tell the police if you have an accident with someone who\u2019s not insured.\n\nYour insurance company will also be able to give you more advice.\n\nYou might also be able to get compensation if you\u2019re the victim of an uninsured or hit and run driver.\n\n## Driving abroad\n\n## If you\u2019re driving in most European countries\n\nAll UK vehicle insurance provides the minimum third party cover to drive in:\n\n- the EU (including Ireland)\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Iceland\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Norway\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Switzerland\n\nCheck with your insurer if your policy has extra cover for things like theft or damage to your car abroad.\n\nYou also need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 to drive your vehicle in these countries.\n\n## If you\u2019re driving in the rest of the world\n\nYou may need to carry a green card to prove you have the minimum insurance cover required by the country you\u2019re driving in.\n\nYou may also need additional insurance for your vehicle, trailer or caravan. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re going to.\n\n## Getting a green card from your insurer\n\nA green card is proof that you have vehicle insurance when driving abroad.\n\nContact your insurer to get one for your vehicle. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- post you a green card - allow up to 6 weeks\n\n- tell you how to download a green card to print yourself\n\nYou will need to carry extra green cards if:\n\n- you\u2019re towing a trailer or caravan (one for the towing vehicle and one for the trailer or caravan)\n\n- you have 2 insurance policies covering your trip (one card for each policy)\n\n- you have multi-car or fleet insurance (one for each vehicle on the policy)\n\n## Showing your green card when driving abroad\n\nYou must show your green card if you\u2019re involved in an accident.\n\nYou may have to show your green card:\n\n- at the border when moving between countries\n\n- if you\u2019re stopped by the police\n\n## Uninsured vehicles\n\n## Rules in England, Wales and Scotland\n\nYou must have motor insurance for your vehicle if you use it on roads and in public places.\n\nYou do not need to insure your vehicle if it is kept off the road and declared as off the road (SORN). This rule is called \u2018continuous insurance enforcement\u2019.\n\nIf not, you could:\n\n- get a fixed penalty of \u00a3100\n\n- have your vehicle wheel-clamped, impounded or destroyed\n\n- face a court prosecution, with a possible maximum fine of \u00a31,000\n\nIt does not matter who is driving the car - if you\u2019re the registered keeper, you could get penalised.\n\nYou will also still have to pay for your insurance on top of any fines received.\n\nYou can check if your vehicle is insured on askMID.\n\n## Motor traders - exceptions\n\nIf a vehicle is between registered keepers or registered as \u2018in trade\u2019 with the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), it is excluded from continuous insurance enforcement.\n\nVehicles you keep for your own use are not excluded.\n\n## Rules in Northern Ireland\n\nThere are different rules for vehicle insurance in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Driving without insurance\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to drive a vehicle on a road or in a public place without at least 3rd party insurance.\n\nEven if the vehicle itself is insured, if you\u2019re not correctly insured to drive it you could get penalised.\n\n## Penalties for uninsured drivers:\n\nThe police could give you a fixed penalty of \u00a3300 and 6 penalty points if you\u2019re caught driving a vehicle you\u2019re not insured to drive.\n\nIf the case goes to court you could get:\n\n- an unlimited fine\n\n- disqualified from driving\n\nThe police also have the power to seize, and in some cases, destroy the vehicle that\u2019s being driven uninsured.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must have motor insurance to drive your vehicle on UK roads.

    ", + "

    Third party insurance is the legal minimum. This means you\u2019re covered if you have an accident causing damage or injury to any other person, vehicle, animal or property. It does not cover any other costs like repair to your own vehicle.

    ", + "

    You may want to use an insurance broker.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in an accident

    ", + "

    If you have an accident causing damage or injury you must give the following to anyone with \u2018reasonable grounds for requiring them\u2019, for example an insurance company:

    ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle registration number
    • ", + "

    You also need to give the owner\u2019s name and address if the vehicle is not yours.

    ", + "

    You must report the accident to the police within 24 hours if you do not give your details at the time of the accident.

    ", + "

    You must also report the accident to your insurance company, even if you\u2019re not planning to make a claim.

    ", + "

    Accidents with uninsured motorists

    ", + "

    You should tell the police if you have an accident with someone who\u2019s not insured.

    ", + "

    Your insurance company will also be able to give you more advice.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to get compensation if you\u2019re the victim of an uninsured or hit and run driver.

    ", + "

    Driving abroad

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re driving in most European countries

    ", + "

    All UK vehicle insurance provides the minimum third party cover to drive in:

    ", + "
  • the EU (including Ireland)
    • ", + "
  • Andorra
    • ", + "
  • Iceland
    • ", + "
  • Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "

    Check with your insurer if your policy has extra cover for things like theft or damage to your car abroad.

    ", + "

    You also need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 to drive your vehicle in these countries.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re driving in the rest of the world

    ", + "

    You may need to carry a green card to prove you have the minimum insurance cover required by the country you\u2019re driving in.

    ", + "

    You may also need additional insurance for your vehicle, trailer or caravan. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re going to.

    ", + "

    Getting a green card from your insurer

    ", + "

    A green card is proof that you have vehicle insurance when driving abroad.

    ", + "

    Contact your insurer to get one for your vehicle. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • post you a green card - allow up to 6 weeks
    • ", + "
  • tell you how to download a green card to print yourself
    • ", + "

    You will need to carry extra green cards if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re towing a trailer or caravan (one for the towing vehicle and one for the trailer or caravan)
    • ", + "
  • you have 2 insurance policies covering your trip (one card for each policy)
    • ", + "
  • you have multi-car or fleet insurance (one for each vehicle on the policy)
    • ", + "

    Showing your green card when driving abroad

    ", + "

    You must show your green card if you\u2019re involved in an accident.

    ", + "

    You may have to show your green card:

    ", + "
  • at the border when moving between countries
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re stopped by the police
    • ", + "

    Uninsured vehicles

    ", + "

    Rules in England, Wales and Scotland

    ", + "

    You must have motor insurance for your vehicle if you use it on roads and in public places.

    ", + "

    You do not need to insure your vehicle if it is kept off the road and declared as off the road (SORN). This rule is called \u2018continuous insurance enforcement\u2019.

    ", + "

    If not, you could:

    ", + "
  • get a fixed penalty of \u00a3100
    • ", + "
  • have your vehicle wheel-clamped, impounded or destroyed
    • ", + "
  • face a court prosecution, with a possible maximum fine of \u00a31,000
    • ", + "

    It does not matter who is driving the car - if you\u2019re the registered keeper, you could get penalised.

    ", + "

    You will also still have to pay for your insurance on top of any fines received.

    ", + "

    You can check if your vehicle is insured on askMID.

    ", + "

    Motor traders - exceptions

    ", + "

    If a vehicle is between registered keepers or registered as \u2018in trade\u2019 with the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), it is excluded from continuous insurance enforcement.

    ", + "

    Vehicles you keep for your own use are not excluded.

    ", + "

    Rules in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    There are different rules for vehicle insurance in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Driving without insurance

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to drive a vehicle on a road or in a public place without at least 3rd party insurance.

    ", + "

    Even if the vehicle itself is insured, if you\u2019re not correctly insured to drive it you could get penalised.

    ", + "

    Penalties for uninsured drivers:

    ", + "

    The police could give you a fixed penalty of \u00a3300 and 6 penalty points if you\u2019re caught driving a vehicle you\u2019re not insured to drive.

    ", + "

    If the case goes to court you could get:

    ", + "
  • an unlimited fine
    • ", + "
  • disqualified from driving
    • ", + "

    The police also have the power to seize, and in some cases, destroy the vehicle that\u2019s being driven uninsured.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/scrapped-and-written-off-vehicles": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scrapped-and-written-off-vehicles", + "title": "Scrapping your vehicle and insurance write-offs", + "content": "## How to scrap your vehicle\n\nWhen your vehicle has reached the end of its usefulness, you must get it scrapped at an authorised treatment facility (ATF). These are sometimes known as a scrapyard or breaker\u2019s yard.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if your vehicle is an insurance write-off.\n\n## Scrap your vehicle without keeping any parts\n\n- Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.\n\n- Scrap your vehicle at an ATF. This is usually free.\n\n- Give the ATF the vehicle log book (V5C), but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section from it.\n\n- Tell DVLA you\u2019ve taken your vehicle to an ATF.\n\nYou can be fined \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA.\n\n## Scrap your vehicle and keep parts from it\n\nYou can take parts from your vehicle before you scrap it so you can use them to repair another vehicle.\n\n- Tell DVLA the vehicle is off the road while you\u2019re taking parts from it. It must be kept off the road, for example in a garage, on a drive or on private land.\n\n- Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.\n\n- Scrap your vehicle at an ATF when you\u2019ve finished taking parts from it. The ATF can charge a fee if you\u2019ve removed essential parts, such as the engine, gearbox, bodywork or wheels.\n\n- Give the ATF the vehicle log book (V5C), but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange\u2019 section from it.\n\n- Tell DVLA you\u2019ve taken your vehicle to an ATF.\n\n## Scrap a vehicle that\u2019s registered abroad\n\nIf you want to scrap a vehicle from another country in the UK, you must use an ATF.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018Certificate of Destruction\u2019 to prove that the vehicle has been destroyed.\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to tell the driving authority in the country where the vehicle is registered that it has been scrapped.\n\n## Where you can scrap your vehicle\n\nFind an authorised treatment facility (ATF) where your vehicle can be scrapped.\n\nWhen the ATF has your vehicle, they can decide to:\n\n- completely scrap it\n\n- repair and sell it themselves\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to scrap your vehicle anywhere else.\n\n## If your vehicle is completely scrapped\n\nThe ATF will give you a \u2018certificate of destruction\u2019 within 7 days if you\u2019ve scrapped a:\n\n- car\n\n- light van\n\n- 3-wheeled motor vehicle (but not a motor tricycle)\n\nYou will not get a certificate for other types of vehicle.\n\nThe certificate is proof that you\u2019ve handed over the vehicle for scrap. If you do not have it, you could still be liable for:\n\n- traffic offence penalties\n\n- vehicle tax\n\n## Being paid for your scrapped vehicle\n\nThe ATF will pay you the scrap value of your vehicle.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to be paid in cash if your vehicle is scrapped in England or Wales. You have to be paid by bank transfer or cheque.\n\n## If the ATF repairs and sells your vehicle\n\nYou will not get a certificate of destruction if the ATF decides to repair and sell your vehicle.\n\nYou can be paid for your vehicle by any method, including cash.\n\n## Insurance write-offs\n\nWhen you make an insurance claim because your vehicle is damaged, your insurance company will tell you:\n\n- if your vehicle is being \u2018written off\u2019\n\n- how much they\u2019ll pay you\n\nWhen your vehicle is written off, your insurance company pays you the current value of the vehicle, instead of the cost of repairing it.\n\nYour insurance company will decide if the vehicle should be written off or not.\n\n## Write-off categories\n\nWhat you do next depends on which category your vehicle is in.\n\n| Category | Repairing the vehicle | Using the vehicle |\n\n| A | Cannot be repaired | Entire vehicle has to be crushed |\n\n| B | Cannot be repaired | Body shell has to be crushed, but you can salvage other parts from it |\n\n| C | Can be repaired, but it would cost more than the vehicle\u2019s worth | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition |\n\n| D | Can be repaired and would cost less than the vehicle\u2019s worth, but other costs (such as transporting your vehicle) take it over the vehicle\u2019s value | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition |\n\n| N | Can be repaired following non-structural damage | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition |\n\n| S | Can be repaired following structural damage | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition |\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYour insurance company will usually deal with getting the vehicle scrapped for you. You need to follow these steps.\n\n- Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.\n\n- Send the vehicle log book (V5C) to your insurance company, but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section from it.\n\n- Tell DVLA your vehicle has been written off.\n\nYou can be fined \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA.\n\n## Keeping the vehicle\n\nIf you want to keep a vehicle in category C, D, N or S, the insurance company will give you an insurance payout and sell the vehicle back to you.\n\nTo keep a category C or S vehicle, you also need to:\n\n- send the complete log book to your insurance company\n\n- apply for a free duplicate log book using form V62\n\nDVLA will record the vehicle\u2019s category in the log book.\n\nYou can keep the log book if you want to keep a category D or N vehicle.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How to scrap your vehicle

    ", + "

    When your vehicle has reached the end of its usefulness, you must get it scrapped at an authorised treatment facility (ATF). These are sometimes known as a scrapyard or breaker\u2019s yard.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if your vehicle is an insurance write-off.

    ", + "

    Scrap your vehicle without keeping any parts

    ", + "
  • Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.
    • ", + "
  • Scrap your vehicle at an ATF. This is usually free.
    • ", + "
  • Give the ATF the vehicle log book (V5C), but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section from it.
    • ", + "
  • Tell DVLA you\u2019ve taken your vehicle to an ATF.
    • ", + "

    You can be fined \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA.

    ", + "

    Scrap your vehicle and keep parts from it

    ", + "

    You can take parts from your vehicle before you scrap it so you can use them to repair another vehicle.

    ", + "
  • Tell DVLA the vehicle is off the road while you\u2019re taking parts from it. It must be kept off the road, for example in a garage, on a drive or on private land.
    • ", + "
  • Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.
    • ", + "
  • Scrap your vehicle at an ATF when you\u2019ve finished taking parts from it. The ATF can charge a fee if you\u2019ve removed essential parts, such as the engine, gearbox, bodywork or wheels.
    • ", + "
  • Give the ATF the vehicle log book (V5C), but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange\u2019 section from it.
    • ", + "
  • Tell DVLA you\u2019ve taken your vehicle to an ATF.
    • ", + "

    Scrap a vehicle that\u2019s registered abroad

    ", + "

    If you want to scrap a vehicle from another country in the UK, you must use an ATF.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018Certificate of Destruction\u2019 to prove that the vehicle has been destroyed.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to tell the driving authority in the country where the vehicle is registered that it has been scrapped.

    ", + "

    Where you can scrap your vehicle

    ", + "

    Find an authorised treatment facility (ATF) where your vehicle can be scrapped.

    ", + "

    When the ATF has your vehicle, they can decide to:

    ", + "
  • completely scrap it
    • ", + "
  • repair and sell it themselves
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to scrap your vehicle anywhere else.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is completely scrapped

    ", + "

    The ATF will give you a \u2018certificate of destruction\u2019 within 7 days if you\u2019ve scrapped a:

    ", + "
  • car
    • ", + "
  • light van
    • ", + "
  • 3-wheeled motor vehicle (but not a motor tricycle)
    • ", + "

    You will not get a certificate for other types of vehicle.

    ", + "

    The certificate is proof that you\u2019ve handed over the vehicle for scrap. If you do not have it, you could still be liable for:

    ", + "
  • traffic offence penalties
    • ", + "
  • vehicle tax
    • ", + "

    Being paid for your scrapped vehicle

    ", + "

    The ATF will pay you the scrap value of your vehicle.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to be paid in cash if your vehicle is scrapped in England or Wales. You have to be paid by bank transfer or cheque.

    ", + "

    If the ATF repairs and sells your vehicle

    ", + "

    You will not get a certificate of destruction if the ATF decides to repair and sell your vehicle.

    ", + "

    You can be paid for your vehicle by any method, including cash.

    ", + "

    Insurance write-offs

    ", + "

    When you make an insurance claim because your vehicle is damaged, your insurance company will tell you:

    ", + "
  • if your vehicle is being \u2018written off\u2019
    • ", + "
  • how much they\u2019ll pay you
    • ", + "

    When your vehicle is written off, your insurance company pays you the current value of the vehicle, instead of the cost of repairing it.

    ", + "

    Your insurance company will decide if the vehicle should be written off or not.

    ", + "

    Write-off categories

    ", + "

    What you do next depends on which category your vehicle is in.

    ", + "Category | Repairing the vehicle | Using the vehicle", + "A | Cannot be repaired | Entire vehicle has to be crushed", + "B | Cannot be repaired | Body shell has to be crushed, but you can salvage other parts from it", + "C | Can be repaired, but it would cost more than the vehicle\u2019s worth | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition", + "D | Can be repaired and would cost less than the vehicle\u2019s worth, but other costs (such as transporting your vehicle) take it over the vehicle\u2019s value | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition", + "N | Can be repaired following non-structural damage | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition", + "S | Can be repaired following structural damage | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    Your insurance company will usually deal with getting the vehicle scrapped for you. You need to follow these steps.

    ", + "
  • Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.
    • ", + "
  • Send the vehicle log book (V5C) to your insurance company, but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section from it.
    • ", + "
  • Tell DVLA your vehicle has been written off.
    • ", + "

    You can be fined \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA.

    ", + "

    Keeping the vehicle

    ", + "

    If you want to keep a vehicle in category C, D, N or S, the insurance company will give you an insurance payout and sell the vehicle back to you.

    ", + "

    To keep a category C or S vehicle, you also need to:

    ", + "
  • send the complete log book to your insurance company
    • ", + "
  • apply for a free duplicate log book using form V62
    • ", + "

    DVLA will record the vehicle\u2019s category in the log book.

    ", + "

    You can keep the log book if you want to keep a category D or N vehicle.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus", + "title": "Pass Plus", + "content": "## Overview\n\nPass Plus is a practical training course that takes at least 6 hours and is for drivers to improve their skills and drive more safely.\n\nIt can be taken at any time although it should be most useful to new drivers in the year after passing their test.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Pass Plus registered approved driving instructor (ADI) to teach you.\n\nIt may help you get a car insurance discount if you successfully complete the course.\n\n## Booking Pass Plus\n\nYou need to book Pass Plus with an approved driving instructor (ADI) who is registered with Pass Plus.\n\nYou can contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to check if an instructor is registered with Pass Plus. You\u2019ll need their name and ADI number.\n\n## Fees\n\nPass Plus fees depend on where you live, the instructor or driving school and how long your training takes.\n\nSome local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs.\n\n## Local councils offering discounts\n\nSome local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs\n\nContact your borough, town, city or county council if they are listed to see if they can help you with the cost of your training.\n\nYou must live in the council\u2019s area to be eligible for the discount.\n\n## East Midlands\n\n## North-west\n\n## South-east\n\n## South-west\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\nAll local councils in Wales offer discounted Pass Plus courses. Go to Pass Plus Cymru for more information.\n\n## How Pass Plus training works\n\nPass Plus training takes at least 6 hours. It has 6 modules, covering driving:\n\n- in town\n\n- in all weathers\n\n- on rural roads\n\n- at night\n\n- on dual carriageways\n\n- on motorways\n\nAll modules should be practical sessions, although local conditions may mean some are theory based. You\u2019ll normally spend at least 5.5 hours driving.\n\nYou will not take a test but you\u2019ll be assessed throughout the course. To pass you\u2019ll have to reach the required standard in all modules.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) Pass Plus team for more information.\n\n## Apply for a Pass Plus certificate\n\nYou must apply for your own Pass Plus certificate if you want one.\n\nYou need a certificate if you want a discount on your car insurance.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a training report form from your instructor when you\u2019ve reached the required standard in all modules. You and your instructor must sign the form.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) Pass Plus team to apply for your certificate.\n\n## Car insurance discounts\n\nOnce you\u2019ve completed Pass Plus you may be able to get a car insurance discount. You\u2019ll need your Pass Plus certificate.\n\nCheck with insurers that you can still get a discount if you passed your practical driving test more than a year ago.\n\nThe amount of discount depends on the insurance company. Not all insurers offer Pass Plus discounts.\n\nYou might be able to put the discount on hold for up to 2 years if you do not have a car at the moment - check with the insurance company first.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Pass Plus is a practical training course that takes at least 6 hours and is for drivers to improve their skills and drive more safely.

    ", + "

    It can be taken at any time although it should be most useful to new drivers in the year after passing their test.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Pass Plus registered approved driving instructor (ADI) to teach you.

    ", + "

    It may help you get a car insurance discount if you successfully complete the course.

    ", + "

    Booking Pass Plus

    ", + "

    You need to book Pass Plus with an approved driving instructor (ADI) who is registered with Pass Plus.

    ", + "

    You can contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to check if an instructor is registered with Pass Plus. You\u2019ll need their name and ADI number.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Pass Plus fees depend on where you live, the instructor or driving school and how long your training takes.

    ", + "

    Some local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs.

    ", + "

    Local councils offering discounts

    ", + "

    Some local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs

    ", + "

    Contact your borough, town, city or county council if they are listed to see if they can help you with the cost of your training.

    ", + "

    You must live in the council\u2019s area to be eligible for the discount.

    ", + "

    East Midlands

    ", + "

    North-west

    ", + "

    South-east

    ", + "

    South-west

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    Wales

    ", + "

    All local councils in Wales offer discounted Pass Plus courses. Go to Pass Plus Cymru for more information.

    ", + "

    How Pass Plus training works

    ", + "

    Pass Plus training takes at least 6 hours. It has 6 modules, covering driving:

    ", + "
  • in town
    • ", + "
  • in all weathers
    • ", + "
  • on rural roads
    • ", + "
  • at night
    • ", + "
  • on dual carriageways
    • ", + "
  • on motorways
    • ", + "

    All modules should be practical sessions, although local conditions may mean some are theory based. You\u2019ll normally spend at least 5.5 hours driving.

    ", + "

    You will not take a test but you\u2019ll be assessed throughout the course. To pass you\u2019ll have to reach the required standard in all modules.

    ", + "

    Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) Pass Plus team for more information.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Pass Plus certificate

    ", + "

    You must apply for your own Pass Plus certificate if you want one.

    ", + "

    You need a certificate if you want a discount on your car insurance.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a training report form from your instructor when you\u2019ve reached the required standard in all modules. You and your instructor must sign the form.

    ", + "

    Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) Pass Plus team to apply for your certificate.

    ", + "

    Car insurance discounts

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve completed Pass Plus you may be able to get a car insurance discount. You\u2019ll need your Pass Plus certificate.

    ", + "

    Check with insurers that you can still get a discount if you passed your practical driving test more than a year ago.

    ", + "

    The amount of discount depends on the insurance company. Not all insurers offer Pass Plus discounts.

    ", + "

    You might be able to put the discount on hold for up to 2 years if you do not have a car at the moment - check with the insurance company first.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/driving-lessons-learning-to-drive": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-lessons-learning-to-drive", + "title": "Driving lessons and learning to drive", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a provisional driving licence when you\u2019re 15 years and 9 months old.\n\nYou can start driving a car when you\u2019re 17.\n\nYou can drive a car when you are 16 if you get, or have applied for, the enhanced rate of the mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP).\n\nCheck which vehicles you can learn to drive.\n\n## Learning to drive during coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can take driving lessons anywhere in the UK.\n\nYou and any passengers should wear a face covering, unless you\u2019re exempt.\n\nIn Scotland, you can be fined if you do not wear a face covering during a driving lesson.\n\nCheck the rules for practising with friends and family.\n\n## If you\u2019re learning to drive in Scotland\n\nYou and the person teaching you to drive must wear face coverings during driving lessons and practice sessions in Scotland.\n\nIf you do not wear a face covering, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\n- you and the person teaching you live in the same household\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou can be fined \u00a360 if you do not wear a face covering during a driving lesson in Scotland. This will be reduced to \u00a330 if you pay within 28 days.\n\n## Rules for learning to drive\n\nYou must have a provisional driving licence for Great Britain or Northern Ireland when you\u2019re learning to drive or ride.\n\nYou must be supervised when you\u2019re learning to drive a car. This can be by a driving instructor or someone else who meets the rules, for example family or friends.\n\nThe car you learn in must display \u2018L\u2019 plates.\n\nYou can drive at any time, day and night.\n\nYou can only drive on motorways if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re driving in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- you\u2019re with an approved driving instructor\n\n- the car is fitted with dual controls\n\n## Speed limits\n\nIn England, Scotland and Wales the speed limits when driving with \u2018L\u2019 plates are the same as when you\u2019ve passed your test.\n\nIn Northern Ireland the speed limit is 45 miles per hour when you\u2019re learning to drive a car.\n\n## Taking driving lessons\n\nAnyone you pay to teach you to drive must be either:\n\n- a qualified and approved driving instructor (ADI)\n\n- a trainee driving instructor\n\nYou can find your nearest driving instructors.\n\nThere are different rules in Northern Ireland for choosing an instructor.\n\nInstructors set their own prices for driving lessons - there\u2019s no minimum or maximum cost.\n\n## Check your instructor\u2019s badge\n\nInstructors have to display a badge in their windscreen to prove they\u2019re registered with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). They display:\n\n- a green badge if they\u2019re a qualified driving instructor\n\n- a pink badge if they\u2019re a trainee\n\nYou can report someone to DVSA if they charge for driving lessons and are not a qualified driving instructor or trainee.\n\n## Driving lessons\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have or hours you must practise driving.\n\nHow many lessons you need will depend on how quickly you learn. You can download a form to record your progress with your instructor.\n\nYou can complain about a driving instructor if you\u2019re not happy with their service or behaviour.\n\n## Practising with family or friends\n\nIn England, you can practice driving with family or friends, but this is restricted to groups of no more than 6 people, or 2 households. Follow the rules for car sharing in the coronavirus (COVID-19) travel guidance.\n\nIn Scotland, there are different rules depending on which area level you are in, but you are legally required to wear a face covering unless you are exempt. Read the guidance on driving lessons in Scotland.\n\nIn Wales, you can practice driving with people you live with or those within your support bubble. You do not need to stay in your local council area.\n\nAnyone you practise your driving with (without paying them) must:\n\n- be over 21\n\n- be qualified to drive the type of vehicle you want to learn in, for example they must have a manual car licence if they\u2019re supervising you in a manual car\n\n- have had their full driving licence for 3 years (from the UK, the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein)\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get up to 6 penalty points on your provisional licence if you drive without the right supervision.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal for your friend or family member to use a mobile phone while supervising you.\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou need your own insurance as a learner driver if you\u2019re practising in a car you own. Your family member or friend will usually be covered on this.\n\nIf you\u2019re practising in someone else\u2019s car, you need to make sure their insurance policy covers you as a learner driver.\n\nSome insurance companies require the person supervising you to be over 25 years old.\n\nYou can get an unlimited fine, be banned from driving and get up to 8 penalty points for driving without insurance.\n\n## Recording your practice\n\nYou can download a form to record any practice you do without your driving instructor.\n\n## Using 'L' and 'P' plates\n\nYou must put an L plate on the front and back of your vehicle so they can be seen easily.\n\nIn Wales, you can use a D plate instead.\n\nAn L plate or D plate must:\n\n- have a red L or D on a white background\n\n- be the right size\n\nYou can get up to 6 penalty points if you do not display an L plate or if it\u2019s not the right size.\n\nYou should take L plates off your vehicle when it\u2019s not being used by a learner.\n\n## P plates\n\nYou can display green \u2018probationary\u2019 P plates to show that you\u2019ve just passed your driving test. You do not have to display them. You can leave them on your vehicle for as long as you like.\n\nIn Northern Ireland you must use \u2018R\u2019 plates (restricted driver plates) for one year after you pass your test.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a provisional driving licence when you\u2019re 15 years and 9 months old.

    ", + "

    You can start driving a car when you\u2019re 17.

    ", + "

    You can drive a car when you are 16 if you get, or have applied for, the enhanced rate of the mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP).

    ", + "

    Check which vehicles you can learn to drive.

    ", + "

    Learning to drive during coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You can take driving lessons anywhere in the UK.

    ", + "

    You and any passengers should wear a face covering, unless you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, you can be fined if you do not wear a face covering during a driving lesson.

    ", + "

    Check the rules for practising with friends and family.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re learning to drive in Scotland

    ", + "

    You and the person teaching you to drive must wear face coverings during driving lessons and practice sessions in Scotland.

    ", + "

    If you do not wear a face covering, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "
  • you and the person teaching you live in the same household
    • ", + "

    Wearing glasses does not count as a good reason.

    ", + "

    You can be fined \u00a360 if you do not wear a face covering during a driving lesson in Scotland. This will be reduced to \u00a330 if you pay within 28 days.

    ", + "

    Rules for learning to drive

    ", + "

    You must have a provisional driving licence for Great Britain or Northern Ireland when you\u2019re learning to drive or ride.

    ", + "

    You must be supervised when you\u2019re learning to drive a car. This can be by a driving instructor or someone else who meets the rules, for example family or friends.

    ", + "

    The car you learn in must display \u2018L\u2019 plates.

    ", + "

    You can drive at any time, day and night.

    ", + "

    You can only drive on motorways if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re driving in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re with an approved driving instructor
    • ", + "
  • the car is fitted with dual controls
    • ", + "

    Speed limits

    ", + "

    In England, Scotland and Wales the speed limits when driving with \u2018L\u2019 plates are the same as when you\u2019ve passed your test.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland the speed limit is 45 miles per hour when you\u2019re learning to drive a car.

    ", + "

    Taking driving lessons

    ", + "

    Anyone you pay to teach you to drive must be either:

    ", + "
  • a qualified and approved driving instructor (ADI)
    • ", + "
  • a trainee driving instructor
    • ", + "

    You can find your nearest driving instructors.

    ", + "

    There are different rules in Northern Ireland for choosing an instructor.

    ", + "

    Instructors set their own prices for driving lessons - there\u2019s no minimum or maximum cost.

    ", + "

    Check your instructor\u2019s badge

    ", + "

    Instructors have to display a badge in their windscreen to prove they\u2019re registered with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). They display:

    ", + "
  • a green badge if they\u2019re a qualified driving instructor
    • ", + "
  • a pink badge if they\u2019re a trainee
    • ", + "

    You can report someone to DVSA if they charge for driving lessons and are not a qualified driving instructor or trainee.

    ", + "

    Driving lessons

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have or hours you must practise driving.

    ", + "

    How many lessons you need will depend on how quickly you learn. You can download a form to record your progress with your instructor.

    ", + "

    You can complain about a driving instructor if you\u2019re not happy with their service or behaviour.

    ", + "

    Practising with family or friends

    ", + "

    In England, you can practice driving with family or friends, but this is restricted to groups of no more than 6 people, or 2 households. Follow the rules for car sharing in the coronavirus (COVID-19) travel guidance.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, there are different rules depending on which area level you are in, but you are legally required to wear a face covering unless you are exempt. Read the guidance on driving lessons in Scotland.

    ", + "

    In Wales, you can practice driving with people you live with or those within your support bubble. You do not need to stay in your local council area.

    ", + "

    Anyone you practise your driving with (without paying them) must:

    ", + "
  • be over 21
    • ", + "
  • be qualified to drive the type of vehicle you want to learn in, for example they must have a manual car licence if they\u2019re supervising you in a manual car
    • ", + "
  • have had their full driving licence for 3 years (from the UK, the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein)
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get up to 6 penalty points on your provisional licence if you drive without the right supervision.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal for your friend or family member to use a mobile phone while supervising you.

    ", + "

    Insurance

    ", + "

    You need your own insurance as a learner driver if you\u2019re practising in a car you own. Your family member or friend will usually be covered on this.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re practising in someone else\u2019s car, you need to make sure their insurance policy covers you as a learner driver.

    ", + "

    Some insurance companies require the person supervising you to be over 25 years old.

    ", + "

    You can get an unlimited fine, be banned from driving and get up to 8 penalty points for driving without insurance.

    ", + "

    Recording your practice

    ", + "

    You can download a form to record any practice you do without your driving instructor.

    ", + "

    Using 'L' and 'P' plates

    ", + "

    You must put an L plate on the front and back of your vehicle so they can be seen easily.

    ", + "

    In Wales, you can use a D plate instead.

    ", + "

    An L plate or D plate must:

    ", + "
  • have a red L or D on a white background
    • ", + "
  • be the right size
    • ", + "

    You can get up to 6 penalty points if you do not display an L plate or if it\u2019s not the right size.

    ", + "

    You should take L plates off your vehicle when it\u2019s not being used by a learner.

    ", + "

    P plates

    ", + "

    You can display green \u2018probationary\u2019 P plates to show that you\u2019ve just passed your driving test. You do not have to display them. You can leave them on your vehicle for as long as you like.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland you must use \u2018R\u2019 plates (restricted driver plates) for one year after you pass your test.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/theory-test": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/theory-test", + "title": "Theory test: cars", + "content": "## Booking your test\n\nYou must have a provisional driving licence to book your theory test.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test:\n\n- multiple-choice questions\n\n- hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road\n\nYou book and take them as a single test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n## When you can take the theory test\n\nYou can take the theory test from your 17th birthday onwards.\n\nYou can take it from your 16th birthday if you get, or have applied for, the enhanced rate of the mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP).\n\n## Who needs to take the theory test\n\nYou usually need to take the theory test before you can get your full car driving licence.\n\nYou do not need to take the car theory test if you:\n\n- want to upgrade an automatic car licence to a manual one\n\n- have a category B1 driving licence (3 or 4-wheeled light vehicles) from before 1 February 2001\n\n## If you have a moped or motorcycle licence\n\nYou must pass a car theory test before taking the car driving test.\n\n## If your licence is not from Great Britain\n\nFind out if you can drive in Great Britain (GB) with your non-GB licence without taking a theory and driving test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your theory test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your theory test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.\n\n## Theory test revision and practice\n\nYou can use books and software to revise for the theory test and take practice tests.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nThe multiple-choice questions in the theory test are based on 3 books:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Driving - the essential skills\n\nStudy these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## Take a practice test\n\nTake a practice theory test to check how much you\u2019ve learnt.\n\nThe questions are not used in the real test, but they are based on the same topics as the test.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nTo prepare for this test you can use the official guide to hazard perception.\n\nYou can buy the guide in these formats:\n\n- online for your PC or Mac\n\n- app for Apple phones and tablets\n\n- app for Android phones and tablets\n\nYou can also buy it as an interactive DVD from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## Translations into foreign languages\n\nSome official books and software are translated into other languages by approved organisations.\n\nHowever, you can only take the test in English, Welsh or British Sign Language.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## Lost your licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nRearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\n## Personal belongings\n\nYou will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:\n\n- bags\n\n- earphones\n\n- mobile phones\n\n- watches\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.\n\nIf your test centre does not have lockers, you must:\n\n- turn off your phone before you enter the test centre\n\n- put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test\n\nThe test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 57 minutes to answer 50 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens\n\n## How the test works\n\nA question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.\n\nThree of the questions are about a short video. It will show a normal driving situation, such as:\n\n- driving through a town centre\n\n- driving on a country road\n\nThe video is silent. You can watch it as many times as you like during the test.\n\n## Leaving a question\n\nYou can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.\n\n## Changing your answers\n\nYou can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.\n\n## When you\u2019ve finished\n\nYou can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 57 minutes.\n\nYou can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:\n\n- feature everyday road scenes\n\n- contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards\n\nYou get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.\n\n## What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is\n\nA developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.\n\n## How the scoring works\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.\n\nTo get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.\n\nYou do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.\n\nYou only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.\n\n## Pass mark and test result\n\nYou\u2019ll get the result at the test centre after taking the theory test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n| | Pass mark | Points available |\n\n| Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50 |\n\n| Hazard perception | 44 | 75 |\n\n## If you pass\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with a pass certificate number at the test centre. You need this when you book and take your driving test.\n\nYour pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You must pass your driving test in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the theory test again.\n\n## If you fail\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.\n\nYou must book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.\n\nYou have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.\n\n## If you have a reading difficulty, disability or health condition\n\nWhen you book your theory test you should say if you have a:\n\n- reading difficulty\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nYou can ask to hear the test through headphones when you book your test. You can hear it in English or Welsh.\n\nYou can listen to the questions and possible answers as many times as you need to.\n\n## Other types of support\n\nYou can get other support during your theory test if you send proof that you have reading difficulties.\n\nThis can be an email, letter or report from:\n\n- a teacher or other educational professional\n\n- a doctor or medical professional\n\n- an occupational therapist\n\n- an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association\n\nYou can get:\n\n- extra time to take the test\n\n- someone to read what\u2019s on the screen and record your answers\n\n- someone to reword the questions for you\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will select the best type of support for you.\n\nIf DVSA agrees that you need extra support, they will send you an email with:\n\n- a reference number (you will need this when you book your test)\n\n- instructions on how to book your test\n\n## Extra time to take the test\n\nYou can ask for more time to do the multiple choice questions part of the theory test.\n\n## Reading what\u2019s on the screen and recording your answers\n\nA member of staff at the test centre can read out the instructions and questions on the screen.\n\nThey can also record your answers to the multiple-choice questions.\n\nThis can be done by either:\n\n- listening to the member of staff through headphones while they\u2019re in another room - they\u2019ll be able to see what\u2019s on your screen\n\n- the member of staff sitting near you in the test room\n\n## Rewording the questions for you\n\nYou can ask for a member of staff to reword the theory test questions to make them easier for you to understand.\n\nThe person cannot change the technical language that you need to know. But they can change the order of the sentence and other non-technical words and phrases.\n\nYou still need to answer each question yourself.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nYou can take the theory test in British Sign Language (BSL) if you\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment.\n\nA BSL video appears on the screen next to the questions and answers.\n\n## Take a BSL interpreter\n\nYou can have a BSL interpreter with you during the test. Contact DVSA to arrange this. You will not be charged an extra fee.\n\n## Hearing loop and lip speakers\n\nYou can arrange to have a lip speaker with you at the theory test centre or use a listening aid (hearing loop).\n\nTo use either service you\u2019ll need to contact DVSA before your test.\n\n## Other disabilities or health conditions\n\nContact DVSA to discuss any other disability or health condition before you book your test.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Booking your test

    ", + "

    You must have a provisional driving licence to book your theory test.

    ", + "

    There are 2 parts to the test:

    ", + "
  • multiple-choice questions
    • ", + "
  • hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road
    • ", + "

    You book and take them as a single test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + "

    When you can take the theory test

    ", + "

    You can take the theory test from your 17th birthday onwards.

    ", + "

    You can take it from your 16th birthday if you get, or have applied for, the enhanced rate of the mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP).

    ", + "

    Who needs to take the theory test

    ", + "

    You usually need to take the theory test before you can get your full car driving licence.

    ", + "

    You do not need to take the car theory test if you:

    ", + "
  • want to upgrade an automatic car licence to a manual one
    • ", + "
  • have a category B1 driving licence (3 or 4-wheeled light vehicles) from before 1 February 2001
    • ", + "

    If you have a moped or motorcycle licence

    ", + "

    You must pass a car theory test before taking the car driving test.

    ", + "

    If your licence is not from Great Britain

    ", + "

    Find out if you can drive in Great Britain (GB) with your non-GB licence without taking a theory and driving test.

    ", + "

    Change or check your test details

    ", + "

    You can change the date of your theory test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.

    ", + "

    Rebook your test

    ", + "

    Rebook your theory test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.

    ", + "

    Theory test revision and practice

    ", + "

    You can use books and software to revise for the theory test and take practice tests.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    The multiple-choice questions in the theory test are based on 3 books:

    ", + "
  • The Highway Code
    • ", + "
  • Know your traffic signs
    • ", + "
  • Driving - the essential skills
    • ", + "

    Study these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.

    ", + "

    You can buy them from most high street and online book shops.

    ", + "

    Take a practice test

    ", + "

    Take a practice theory test to check how much you\u2019ve learnt.

    ", + "

    The questions are not used in the real test, but they are based on the same topics as the test.

    ", + "

    Hazard perception test

    ", + "

    To prepare for this test you can use the official guide to hazard perception.

    ", + "

    You can buy the guide in these formats:

    ", + "
  • online for your PC or Mac
    • ", + "
  • app for Apple phones and tablets
    • ", + "
  • app for Android phones and tablets
    • ", + "

    You can also buy it as an interactive DVD from most high street and online book shops.

    ", + "

    Translations into foreign languages

    ", + "

    Some official books and software are translated into other languages by approved organisations.

    ", + "

    However, you can only take the test in English, Welsh or British Sign Language.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering at your test

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    Wearing glasses does not count as a good reason.

    ", + "

    You need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not go to your test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Change your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    Lost your licence

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    ", + "

    Rearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time.

    ", + "

    If you have a paper licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.

    ", + "

    Personal belongings

    ", + "

    You will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:

    ", + "
  • bags
    • ", + "
  • earphones
    • ", + "
  • mobile phones
    • ", + "
  • watches
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.

    ", + "

    If your test centre does not have lockers, you must:

    ", + "
  • turn off your phone before you enter the test centre
    • ", + "
  • put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test
    • ", + "

    The test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    You have 57 minutes to answer 50 multiple-choice questions.

    ", + "

    Before the test starts you\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • instructions on how the test works
    • ", + "
  • the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens
    • ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    A question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.

    ", + "

    Three of the questions are about a short video. It will show a normal driving situation, such as:

    ", + "
  • driving through a town centre
    • ", + "
  • driving on a country road
    • ", + "

    The video is silent. You can watch it as many times as you like during the test.

    ", + "

    Leaving a question

    ", + "

    You can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.

    ", + "

    Changing your answers

    ", + "

    You can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve finished

    ", + "

    You can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 57 minutes.

    ", + "

    You can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.

    ", + "

    Hazard perception test

    ", + "

    Before you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:

    ", + "
  • feature everyday road scenes
    • ", + "
  • contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards
    • ", + "

    You get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.

    ", + "

    What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is

    ", + "

    A developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.

    ", + "

    How the scoring works

    ", + "

    You can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.

    ", + "

    To get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.

    ", + "

    You do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.

    ", + "

    You only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.

    ", + "

    Pass mark and test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the result at the test centre after taking the theory test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + " | Pass mark | Points available", + "Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50", + "Hazard perception | 44 | 75", + "

    If you pass

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter with a pass certificate number at the test centre. You need this when you book and take your driving test.

    ", + "

    Your pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You must pass your driving test in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the theory test again.

    ", + "

    If you fail

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.

    ", + "

    You must book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.

    ", + "

    You have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.

    ", + "

    If you have a reading difficulty, disability or health condition

    ", + "

    When you book your theory test you should say if you have a:

    ", + "
  • reading difficulty
    • ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • health condition
    • ", + "

    You have reading difficulties

    ", + "

    You can ask to hear the test through headphones when you book your test. You can hear it in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    You can listen to the questions and possible answers as many times as you need to.

    ", + "

    Other types of support

    ", + "

    You can get other support during your theory test if you send proof that you have reading difficulties.

    ", + "

    This can be an email, letter or report from:

    ", + "
  • a teacher or other educational professional
    • ", + "
  • a doctor or medical professional
    • ", + "
  • an occupational therapist
    • ", + "
  • an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association
    • ", + "

    You can get:

    ", + "
  • extra time to take the test
    • ", + "
  • someone to read what\u2019s on the screen and record your answers
    • ", + "
  • someone to reword the questions for you
    • ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will select the best type of support for you.

    ", + "

    If DVSA agrees that you need extra support, they will send you an email with:

    ", + "
  • a reference number (you will need this when you book your test)
    • ", + "
  • instructions on how to book your test
    • ", + "

    Extra time to take the test

    ", + "

    You can ask for more time to do the multiple choice questions part of the theory test.

    ", + "

    Reading what\u2019s on the screen and recording your answers

    ", + "

    A member of staff at the test centre can read out the instructions and questions on the screen.

    ", + "

    They can also record your answers to the multiple-choice questions.

    ", + "

    This can be done by either:

    ", + "
  • listening to the member of staff through headphones while they\u2019re in another room - they\u2019ll be able to see what\u2019s on your screen
    • ", + "
  • the member of staff sitting near you in the test room
    • ", + "

    Rewording the questions for you

    ", + "

    You can ask for a member of staff to reword the theory test questions to make them easier for you to understand.

    ", + "

    The person cannot change the technical language that you need to know. But they can change the order of the sentence and other non-technical words and phrases.

    ", + "

    You still need to answer each question yourself.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment

    ", + "

    You can take the theory test in British Sign Language (BSL) if you\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment.

    ", + "

    A BSL video appears on the screen next to the questions and answers.

    ", + "

    Take a BSL interpreter

    ", + "

    You can have a BSL interpreter with you during the test. Contact DVSA to arrange this. You will not be charged an extra fee.

    ", + "

    Hearing loop and lip speakers

    ", + "

    You can arrange to have a lip speaker with you at the theory test centre or use a listening aid (hearing loop).

    ", + "

    To use either service you\u2019ll need to contact DVSA before your test.

    ", + "

    Other disabilities or health conditions

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA to discuss any other disability or health condition before you book your test.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/driving-test": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-test", + "title": "Driving test: cars", + "content": "## Booking your test\n\nYou can book your driving test when you\u2019ve passed your theory test.\n\nYou do not need to pass another theory test if you\u2019re upgrading an automatic car licence to a manual licence.\n\nTo pass the driving test you must be able to:\n\n- drive safely in different road and traffic conditions\n\n- show that you know The Highway Code by the way you drive\n\nThe national standard for driving cars tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test. Only take your test when you can do everything without instruction.\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked.\n\nYou can check the details if you\u2019ve lost the email confirmation you were sent when you booked your test.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your driving test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your UK driving licence\n\n- your theory test pass certificate, if you have it\n\n- a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one\n\n- a car - most people use their driving instructor\u2019s, but you can use your own car if it meets the rules\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.\n\nYour test will be cancelled if you come for your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\nBecause of COVID-19 the car you use must have the windows open throughout the test. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nRearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time.\n\n## If you do not have a photocard licence\n\nBring a valid passport and your paper licence.\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nBring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate\n\nYou do not need to get a replacement theory test certificate. Your driving examiner will check that you\u2019ve passed your theory test before your driving test starts.\n\n## What happens during the test\n\nThere are 5 parts to the driving test:\n\n- an eyesight check\n\n- \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions\n\n- general driving ability\n\n- reversing your vehicle\n\n- independent driving\n\nThe test is the same for both manual and automatic cars.\n\n## How long the test lasts\n\nYou\u2019ll drive for around 40 minutes.\n\nYou\u2019ll drive for around 70 minutes if you\u2019re taking an extended driving test because you\u2019ve been banned from driving.\n\n## Eyesight check\n\nYou\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, such as AB51 ABC.\n\nYou\u2019ll fail your driving test if you fail the eyesight check. The test will end.\n\n## \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked the:\n\n- \u2018tell me\u2019 question at the start of your test, before you start driving\n\n- \u2018show me\u2019 question while you\u2019re driving\n\n## Your general driving ability\n\nYou\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways.\n\nThe examiner will give you directions that you should follow. Driving test routes are not published, so you cannot check them before your test.\n\n## Pulling over at the side of the road\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to pull over and pull away during your test, including:\n\n- normal stops at the side of the road\n\n- pulling out from behind a parked vehicle\n\n- a hill start\n\nYou might also be asked to carry out an emergency stop.\n\n## Reversing your vehicle\n\nThe examiner will ask you to do one of the following exercises:\n\n- parallel park at the side of the road\n\n- park in a parking bay - either by driving in and reversing out, or reversing in and driving out (the examiner will tell you which you have to do)\n\n- pull up on the right-hand side of the road, reverse for around 2 car lengths, and rejoin the traffic\n\n## Independent driving\n\nYou\u2019ll have to drive for about 20 minutes by following either:\n\n- directions from a sat nav\n\n- traffic signs\n\nThe examiner will tell you which you have to follow.\n\nThey\u2019ll set the sat nav up for you. You cannot use your own sat nav.\n\n## If you cannot see traffic signs\n\nIf you cannot see a traffic sign (for example, because it\u2019s covered by trees), the examiner will give you directions until you can see the next one.\n\n## Going off the route\n\nThe examiner will not give you a fault for taking a wrong turning.\n\nThey\u2019ll help you get back on the route if you do.\n\n## If you make mistakes during your test\n\nYou can carry on if you make a mistake. It might not affect your test result if it\u2019s not serious.\n\nYour driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre if the mistake you made means you\u2019ve failed. The test will end early.\n\n## Other people at your test\n\nYour driving examiner\u2019s supervisor might sit in on your test to watch your examiner\u2019s performance. If you refuse, your test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again.\n\n## Driving test faults and your result\n\nThere are 3 types of faults you can make:\n\n- a dangerous fault - this involves actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- a serious fault - something potentially dangerous\n\n- a driving fault - this is not potentially dangerous, but if you keep making the same fault, it could become a serious fault\n\n## Pass mark\n\nYou\u2019ll pass your driving test if you make:\n\n- no more than 15 driving faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass your test\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate\n\n- ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this\n\nApply for your full driving licence within 2 years of passing your test if you do not want to get your licence automatically.\n\n## When you can start driving\n\nYou can start driving straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.\n\nContact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nThe examiner will tell you what faults you made.\n\nYou have to book another test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## Appeal your driving test\n\nYou can appeal your driving test if you can prove that your driving examiner did not follow the law.\n\nRead the guidance on appealing your driving test to check if your examiner followed the law.\n\nIf you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)\n\nIf DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.\n\nIf DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.\n\n## Appeal your driving test to a court\n\nYou can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.\n\nYour test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.\n\nYou might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to appeal within:\n\n- 6 months of your driving test in England and Wales\n\n- 21 days of your driving test in Scotland\n\nCheck if you can appeal.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather\n\nYour driving test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.\n\n## If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take your driving test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nDriving tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your car\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used\n\n## If your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty\n\nWhen you book your driving test you should say if you have a:\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n- learning difficulty\n\n- reason not to wear a face covering\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to drive to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.\n\n## You have a disability\n\nYou\u2019ll have time with the examiner once you start the test to talk about:\n\n- your disability\n\n- any adaptations fitted to your car\n\nThey might also agree for you to have more time for instructions and directions during your test.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nThe examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.\n\nThe examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.\n\n## Using a sign language interpreter\n\nYou can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.\n\nYour driving instructor can be your interpreter.\n\nYou need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge. You can claim the cost back after your test.\n\n## You\u2019re pregnant\n\nYou can take a driving test at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to do an emergency stop.\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nWhen you do the eyesight check at the start of the driving test, you can write down the number plate instead of reading it out loud.\n\n## You have learning difficulties\n\nThe examiner will make adjustments for the independent driving part of the test if you have learning difficulties.\n\nThey might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of directions from a sat nav.\n\n## Using your own car for your test\n\nYou can take your driving test in your own car rather than your driving instructor\u2019s if it meets certain rules.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.\n\n## Rules about the car\n\nYour car must:\n\n- be taxed\n\n- be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)\n\n- be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)\n\n- have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light\n\n- have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted\n\n- be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test\n\n- be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer\n\n- have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg\n\nThe MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety\n\nBecause of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.\n\nThis means:\n\n- tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats\n\n- wiping down the dashboard and car controls\n\nThe examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.\n\nThe car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Things that must be fitted\n\nThe car must have:\n\n- an extra interior rear-view mirror for the examiner\n\n- L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear\n\n- a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)\n\n## Dashcams and other cameras\n\nYou can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:\n\n- faces outside of the car and does not film the inside\n\n- does not record audio from inside the car\n\n## Vehicle features\n\nYou can use a car with:\n\n- an electronic parking brake\n\n- hill-start assist\n\n## Manual and automatic cars\n\nYou can take the test in a:\n\n- manual car - these have 3 pedals\n\n- automatic or semi-automatic car - these have 2 pedals\n\nIf you take your test in a semi-automatic car you\u2019ll only be able to drive automatic and semi-automatic cars once you\u2019ve passed your test.\n\n## Hire cars\n\nYou can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.\n\n## Cars you cannot use\n\nSome cars cannot be used in the test because they do not give the examiner all-round vision.\n\nYou cannot use any of the following:\n\n- BMW Mini convertible\n\n- Ford KA convertible\n\n- Toyota iQ\n\n- VW Beetle convertible\n\nCheck with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test if you want to use a:\n\n- convertible car\n\n- panel van\n\n## Cars with known safety faults\n\nYou cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.\n\nYou must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.\n\n| | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date |\n\n| Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and\u00a00N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n## Proof you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring proof that says one of the following:\n\n- the car was recalled and the recall work has been done\n\n- the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done\n\n- the car was not part of the recall\n\nThe proof must be either:\n\n- the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer\n\n- on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Booking your test

    ", + "

    You can book your driving test when you\u2019ve passed your theory test.

    ", + "

    You do not need to pass another theory test if you\u2019re upgrading an automatic car licence to a manual licence.

    ", + "

    To pass the driving test you must be able to:

    ", + "
  • drive safely in different road and traffic conditions
    • ", + "
  • show that you know The Highway Code by the way you drive
    • ", + "

    The national standard for driving cars tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test. Only take your test when you can do everything without instruction.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your test.

    ", + "

    Change or check your test details

    ", + "

    You can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked.

    ", + "

    You can check the details if you\u2019ve lost the email confirmation you were sent when you booked your test.

    ", + "

    Rebook your test

    ", + "

    Rebook your driving test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must take:

    ", + "
  • your UK driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your theory test pass certificate, if you have it
    • ", + "
  • a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one
    • ", + "
  • a car - most people use their driving instructor\u2019s, but you can use your own car if it meets the rules
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not go to your test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You must bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:

    ", + "
  • having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    You need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled if you come for your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.

    ", + "

    You can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19 the car you use must have the windows open throughout the test. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    ", + "

    Your driving licence

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    ", + "

    Rearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport and your paper licence.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Bring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate

    ", + "

    You do not need to get a replacement theory test certificate. Your driving examiner will check that you\u2019ve passed your theory test before your driving test starts.

    ", + "

    What happens during the test

    ", + "

    There are 5 parts to the driving test:

    ", + "
  • an eyesight check
    • ", + "
  • \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions
    • ", + "
  • general driving ability
    • ", + "
  • reversing your vehicle
    • ", + "
  • independent driving
    • ", + "

    The test is the same for both manual and automatic cars.

    ", + "

    How long the test lasts

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive for around 40 minutes.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive for around 70 minutes if you\u2019re taking an extended driving test because you\u2019ve been banned from driving.

    ", + "

    Eyesight check

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:

    ", + "
  • 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate
    • ", + "
  • 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate
    • ", + "

    New-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, such as AB51 ABC.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll fail your driving test if you fail the eyesight check. The test will end.

    ", + "

    \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked the:

    ", + "
  • \u2018tell me\u2019 question at the start of your test, before you start driving
    • ", + "
  • \u2018show me\u2019 question while you\u2019re driving
    • ", + "

    Your general driving ability

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways.

    ", + "

    The examiner will give you directions that you should follow. Driving test routes are not published, so you cannot check them before your test.

    ", + "

    Pulling over at the side of the road

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to pull over and pull away during your test, including:

    ", + "
  • normal stops at the side of the road
    • ", + "
  • pulling out from behind a parked vehicle
    • ", + "
  • a hill start
    • ", + "

    You might also be asked to carry out an emergency stop.

    ", + "

    Reversing your vehicle

    ", + "

    The examiner will ask you to do one of the following exercises:

    ", + "
  • parallel park at the side of the road
    • ", + "
  • park in a parking bay - either by driving in and reversing out, or reversing in and driving out (the examiner will tell you which you have to do)
    • ", + "
  • pull up on the right-hand side of the road, reverse for around 2 car lengths, and rejoin the traffic
    • ", + "

    Independent driving

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to drive for about 20 minutes by following either:

    ", + "
  • directions from a sat nav
    • ", + "
  • traffic signs
    • ", + "

    The examiner will tell you which you have to follow.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll set the sat nav up for you. You cannot use your own sat nav.

    ", + "

    If you cannot see traffic signs

    ", + "

    If you cannot see a traffic sign (for example, because it\u2019s covered by trees), the examiner will give you directions until you can see the next one.

    ", + "

    Going off the route

    ", + "

    The examiner will not give you a fault for taking a wrong turning.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll help you get back on the route if you do.

    ", + "

    If you make mistakes during your test

    ", + "

    You can carry on if you make a mistake. It might not affect your test result if it\u2019s not serious.

    ", + "

    Your driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre if the mistake you made means you\u2019ve failed. The test will end early.

    ", + "

    Other people at your test

    ", + "

    Your driving examiner\u2019s supervisor might sit in on your test to watch your examiner\u2019s performance. If you refuse, your test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again.

    ", + "

    Driving test faults and your result

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of faults you can make:

    ", + "
  • a dangerous fault - this involves actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property
    • ", + "
  • a serious fault - something potentially dangerous
    • ", + "
  • a driving fault - this is not potentially dangerous, but if you keep making the same fault, it could become a serious fault
    • ", + "

    Pass mark

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pass your driving test if you make:

    ", + "
  • no more than 15 driving faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you pass your test

    ", + "

    The examiner will:

    ", + "
  • tell you what faults you made, if any
    • ", + "
  • give you a pass certificate
    • ", + "
  • ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this
    • ", + "

    Apply for your full driving licence within 2 years of passing your test if you do not want to get your licence automatically.

    ", + "

    When you can start driving

    ", + "

    You can start driving straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass

    ", + "

    The examiner will tell you what faults you made.

    ", + "

    You have to book another test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.

    ", + "

    Appeal your driving test

    ", + "

    You can appeal your driving test if you can prove that your driving examiner did not follow the law.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on appealing your driving test to check if your examiner followed the law.

    ", + "

    If you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)

    ", + "

    If DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.

    ", + "

    If DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.

    ", + "

    Appeal your driving test to a court

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.

    ", + "

    Your test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to appeal within:

    ", + "
  • 6 months of your driving test in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • 21 days of your driving test in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Check if you can appeal.

    ", + "

    If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather

    ", + "

    Your driving test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.

    ", + "

    If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take your driving test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.

    ", + "

    Bad weather

    ", + "

    Driving tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.

    ", + "

    Call your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    The phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.

    ", + "

    If your test cannot go ahead

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:

    ", + "
  • automatically book the next available date for your test
    • ", + "
  • send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather
    • ", + "

    You can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.

    ", + "

    Problems with you or your car

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:

    ", + "
  • you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test
    • ", + "
  • your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used
    • ", + "

    If your test is cancelled for another reason

    ", + "

    Sometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty

    ", + "

    When you book your driving test you should say if you have a:

    ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • health condition
    • ", + "
  • learning difficulty
    • ", + "
  • reason not to wear a face covering
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still have to drive to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.

    ", + "

    You have a disability

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have time with the examiner once you start the test to talk about:

    ", + "
  • your disability
    • ", + "
  • any adaptations fitted to your car
    • ", + "

    They might also agree for you to have more time for instructions and directions during your test.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment

    ", + "

    The examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.

    ", + "

    The examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.

    ", + "

    Using a sign language interpreter

    ", + "

    You can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.

    ", + "

    Your driving instructor can be your interpreter.

    ", + "

    You need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge. You can claim the cost back after your test.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re pregnant

    ", + "

    You can take a driving test at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to do an emergency stop.

    ", + "

    You have reading difficulties

    ", + "

    When you do the eyesight check at the start of the driving test, you can write down the number plate instead of reading it out loud.

    ", + "

    You have learning difficulties

    ", + "

    The examiner will make adjustments for the independent driving part of the test if you have learning difficulties.

    ", + "

    They might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of directions from a sat nav.

    ", + "

    Using your own car for your test

    ", + "

    You can take your driving test in your own car rather than your driving instructor\u2019s if it meets certain rules.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.

    ", + "

    Rules about the car

    ", + "

    Your car must:

    ", + "
  • be taxed
    • ", + "
  • be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)
    • ", + "
  • be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)
    • ", + "
  • have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light
    • ", + "
  • have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted
    • ", + "
  • be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test
    • ", + "
  • be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer
    • ", + "
  • have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg
    • ", + "

    The MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.

    ", + "

    This means:

    ", + "
  • tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats
    • ", + "
  • wiping down the dashboard and car controls
    • ", + "

    The examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.

    ", + "

    The car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    ", + "

    Things that must be fitted

    ", + "

    The car must have:

    ", + "
  • an extra interior rear-view mirror for the examiner
    • ", + "
  • L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear
    • ", + "
  • a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)
    • ", + "

    Dashcams and other cameras

    ", + "

    You can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:

    ", + "
  • faces outside of the car and does not film the inside
    • ", + "
  • does not record audio from inside the car
    • ", + "

    Vehicle features

    ", + "

    You can use a car with:

    ", + "
  • an electronic parking brake
    • ", + "
  • hill-start assist
    • ", + "

    Manual and automatic cars

    ", + "

    You can take the test in a:

    ", + "
  • manual car - these have 3 pedals
    • ", + "
  • automatic or semi-automatic car - these have 2 pedals
    • ", + "

    If you take your test in a semi-automatic car you\u2019ll only be able to drive automatic and semi-automatic cars once you\u2019ve passed your test.

    ", + "

    Hire cars

    ", + "

    You can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.

    ", + "

    Cars you cannot use

    ", + "

    Some cars cannot be used in the test because they do not give the examiner all-round vision.

    ", + "

    You cannot use any of the following:

    ", + "
  • BMW Mini convertible
    • ", + "
  • Ford KA convertible
    • ", + "
  • Toyota iQ
    • ", + "
  • VW Beetle convertible
    • ", + "

    Check with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test if you want to use a:

    ", + "
  • convertible car
    • ", + "
  • panel van
    • ", + "

    Cars with known safety faults

    ", + "

    You cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.

    ", + "

    You must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.

    ", + " | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date", + "Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and\u00a00N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014", + "Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014", + "Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014", + "

    Proof you need to bring to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring proof that says one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the car was recalled and the recall work has been done
    • ", + "
  • the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done
    • ", + "
  • the car was not part of the recall
    • ", + "

    The proof must be either:

    ", + "
  • the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer
    • ", + "
  • on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/ride-motorcycle-moped": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ride-motorcycle-moped", + "title": "Riding a motorcycle, moped or motor tricycle", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThere are different rules if you held a motorcycle or moped licence before 19 January 2013.\n\nTo ride on public roads you first need to get a provisional licence and then complete compulsory basic training (CBT) to get a certificate.\n\nYou must pass both parts of your practical test within 2 years of taking the theory test. If you do not, you\u2019ll have to start the process again.\n\n## Motorcycles\n\nThere are different categories of motorbike - you\u2019ll need to get the right entitlement on your licence and be old enough to do so.\n\n## Mopeds\n\nThe way moped entitlements are shown on your licence have changed, but you still need to be 16 to ride one.\n\nThe rules are different if you already have a car driving licence.\n\n## Motor tricycles\n\nProvisional category B car licences and provisional category A licences now only cover you to ride motor tricycles if you have a physical disability. Driving tests for 3-wheeled vehicles are only available for physically disabled drivers.\n\nIf you\u2019re not physically disabled and want to ride a motor tricycle you\u2019ll now need to get the right provisional entitlement and pass CBT.\n\nYou can drive a motor tricycle of any power rating if both of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re over 21\n\n- you have a full car driving licence\n\nYou\u2019ll need a full category A1 motorbike licence to ride motor tricycles up to power output 15 Kilowatts (kW), and a full category A motorbike licence to ride trikes with a power output more than 15 kW.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve done your CBT you have 2 years to pass your theory and motorcycle tests or you\u2019ll have to do CBT again.\n\n## If you have a full EU driving licence\n\nBefore you can take a CBT course you must either:\n\n- exchange your licence for a Great Britain (GB) licence\n\n- register your licence with DVLA\n\nIf you register your EU driving licence, you\u2019ll have to exchange it for a GB licence after you\u2019ve passed your theory and practical test.\n\n## Learning to ride\n\nYou need to have the right provisional driving licence when you\u2019re learning to ride.\n\nIf you\u2019re using your own vehicle you\u2019ll need to make sure it:\n\n- has a valid V5C registration certificate (log book)\n\n- is taxed\n\n- has an MOT (if needed)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need adequate motor insurance.\n\n## Official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) guides\n\nYou can buy the official DVSA guide to learning to ride and the DVSA guide to riding - the essential skills.\n\n## Taking the full motorcycle tests\n\nAll riders have to pass the theory test before taking the motorcycle practical test.\n\n## Enhanced rider scheme\n\nOnce you\u2019ve passed your motorcycle test you can take the enhanced rider scheme. It checks your riding skills and provides training to help you improve. You can get discounts on motorbike insurance if you successfully complete the scheme.\n\n## More information\n\nRead DVLA\u2019s routes to your motorcycle licence flowchart for step-by-step instructions on how to get a moped or motorbike licence.\n\n## Licences issued before 19 January 2013\n\nIf you held a motorcycle or moped licence before 19 January 2013 then you\u2019ll keep your existing entitlements and can still ride the same kind of bikes as you did before.\n\nHowever, if you get a new licence your entitlements may be shown differently.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to follow the new rules if you want to get higher entitlements - eg ride a larger motorbike.\n\n## Mopeds\n\n## Changes to moped categories\n\nIf you\u2019re already licensed to ride a moped your driving licence will show as category P.\n\nThe new rules will not affect you, but any new licences issued to you will show categories AM and Q, as well as category P. This means you will also be allowed to ride 2 or 3-wheeled mopeds with a top speed of 50 km/h.\n\n## Car driving test passed before 1 February 2001\n\nYou do not need to take compulsory basic training (CBT) to ride a moped if you passed your car driving test before 1 February 2001. You\u2019ll still need to complete CBT to ride a motorbike, however.\n\n## Car driving test passed on or after 1 February 2001\n\nYou need to take CBT to ride a moped if you passed your car driving test on or after 1 February 2001.\n\nHowever, you will not need to take further theory and practical tests or take CBT again.\n\n## Motorcycles\n\nIf you\u2019re already licensed to ride a motorcycle, your licence should show category A. This will be the same if you renew or replace your licence after 19 January 2013.\n\n## Motor tricycles\n\nIf you hold category B1 entitlement (trikes and quads), when you renew or replace your licence after 19 January 2013 it will show categories B1 and A. The A entitlement will be limited to tricycles and you will not be able to ride motorbikes you were not previously allowed to.\n\nProvisional licences now only cover you to ride motor tricycles if you have a physical disability. Driving tests for 3-wheeled vehicles are only available for physically disabled drivers.\n\nNon-disabled drivers who want to ride motor tricycles need to pass CBT and the theory and practical tests on a 2-wheeled motorbike.\n\n## Bike categories, ages and licence requirements\n\n| | Licence category | Requirements for licence | Minimum age |\n\n| Mopeds with speed range of 25 km/h to 45 km/h | AM | Compulsory basic training (CBT), theory test, practical test on all powered 2-wheeled moped | 16 |\n\n| Small 3-wheelers (up to 50 cc and below 4 kW) | AM | CBT, theory test, practical test | 16 |\n\n| Light quadricycles (weighing under 350 kg, top speed 45 km/h) | AM | CBT, theory test, practical test | 16 |\n\n| Same as AM plus 2 or 3-wheeled mopeds with top speed of 25 km/h | Q | Granted with AM | 16 |\n\n| Light motorcycle up to 11 kW (and a power-to-weight ratio not more than 0.1 kW per kg) and 125 cc | A1 | CBT, theory test, practical test | 17 |\n\n| Motor tricycles with a power output not more than 15 kW | A1 | CBT, theory test, practical test | 17 |\n\n| Standard motorcycle up to 35 kW (and a power-to-weight ratio not more than 0.2 kW per kg), bike must not be derived from vehicle more than twice its power | A2 | Direct access route - theory and practicalProgressive access route - 2 years experience on A1 motorbike and a further practical test | 19 |\n\n| Unrestricted motorcycles in size/power, with or without a sidecar, and motor tricycles with power output over 15 kW | A | Direct access route - CBT theory and practical (you must be at least 24)Progressive access route - held an A2 licence for a minimum of 2 years - practical test (21 or over) | 24 (direct) or 21 (progressive access) |\n\nYou do not need to take the theory or motorcycle tests to apply for a provisional licence.\n\nRead about the rules for the motorcycle theory test and practical riding test.\n\n## Safety equipment\n\n## Helmet\n\nYou must wear a safety helmet when riding a motorcycle on the road. All helmets sold in the UK must comply with at least 1 of these:\n\n- British Standard BS 6658:1985 and carry the BSI (British Standards Institution) Kitemark\n\n- UNECE Regulation 22.05\n\n- any standard accepted by a member of the European Economic Area which offers a level of safety and protection equivalent to BS 6658:1985 and carry a mark equivalent to the BSI Kitemark\n\nYou must wear glasses or contact lenses when you ride if you need them to read a number plate at the prescribed distance.\n\n## Visors and goggles\n\nYour visors or goggles must comply with either:\n\n- a British Standard and displays a BSI Kitemark\n\n- a European standard which offers a level of safety and protection at least equivalent to the British Standard and carries a mark equivalent to the BSI Kitemark (ECE 22-05)", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you held a motorcycle or moped licence before 19 January 2013.

    ", + "

    To ride on public roads you first need to get a provisional licence and then complete compulsory basic training (CBT) to get a certificate.

    ", + "

    You must pass both parts of your practical test within 2 years of taking the theory test. If you do not, you\u2019ll have to start the process again.

    ", + "

    Motorcycles

    ", + "

    There are different categories of motorbike - you\u2019ll need to get the right entitlement on your licence and be old enough to do so.

    ", + "

    Mopeds

    ", + "

    The way moped entitlements are shown on your licence have changed, but you still need to be 16 to ride one.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you already have a car driving licence.

    ", + "

    Motor tricycles

    ", + "

    Provisional category B car licences and provisional category A licences now only cover you to ride motor tricycles if you have a physical disability. Driving tests for 3-wheeled vehicles are only available for physically disabled drivers.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not physically disabled and want to ride a motor tricycle you\u2019ll now need to get the right provisional entitlement and pass CBT.

    ", + "

    You can drive a motor tricycle of any power rating if both of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re over 21
    • ", + "
  • you have a full car driving licence
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a full category A1 motorbike licence to ride motor tricycles up to power output 15 Kilowatts (kW), and a full category A motorbike licence to ride trikes with a power output more than 15 kW.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve done your CBT you have 2 years to pass your theory and motorcycle tests or you\u2019ll have to do CBT again.

    ", + "

    If you have a full EU driving licence

    ", + "

    Before you can take a CBT course you must either:

    ", + "
  • exchange your licence for a Great Britain (GB) licence
    • ", + "
  • register your licence with DVLA
    • ", + "

    If you register your EU driving licence, you\u2019ll have to exchange it for a GB licence after you\u2019ve passed your theory and practical test.

    ", + "

    Learning to ride

    ", + "

    You need to have the right provisional driving licence when you\u2019re learning to ride.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using your own vehicle you\u2019ll need to make sure it:

    ", + "
  • has a valid V5C registration certificate (log book)
    • ", + "
  • is taxed
    • ", + "
  • has an MOT (if needed)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need adequate motor insurance.

    ", + "

    Official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) guides

    ", + "

    You can buy the official DVSA guide to learning to ride and the DVSA guide to riding - the essential skills.

    ", + "

    Taking the full motorcycle tests

    ", + "

    All riders have to pass the theory test before taking the motorcycle practical test.

    ", + "

    Enhanced rider scheme

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve passed your motorcycle test you can take the enhanced rider scheme. It checks your riding skills and provides training to help you improve. You can get discounts on motorbike insurance if you successfully complete the scheme.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    Read DVLA\u2019s routes to your motorcycle licence flowchart for step-by-step instructions on how to get a moped or motorbike licence.

    ", + "

    Licences issued before 19 January 2013

    ", + "

    If you held a motorcycle or moped licence before 19 January 2013 then you\u2019ll keep your existing entitlements and can still ride the same kind of bikes as you did before.

    ", + "

    However, if you get a new licence your entitlements may be shown differently.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to follow the new rules if you want to get higher entitlements - eg ride a larger motorbike.

    ", + "

    Mopeds

    ", + "

    Changes to moped categories

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already licensed to ride a moped your driving licence will show as category P.

    ", + "

    The new rules will not affect you, but any new licences issued to you will show categories AM and Q, as well as category P. This means you will also be allowed to ride 2 or 3-wheeled mopeds with a top speed of 50 km/h.

    ", + "

    Car driving test passed before 1 February 2001

    ", + "

    You do not need to take compulsory basic training (CBT) to ride a moped if you passed your car driving test before 1 February 2001. You\u2019ll still need to complete CBT to ride a motorbike, however.

    ", + "

    Car driving test passed on or after 1 February 2001

    ", + "

    You need to take CBT to ride a moped if you passed your car driving test on or after 1 February 2001.

    ", + "

    However, you will not need to take further theory and practical tests or take CBT again.

    ", + "

    Motorcycles

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already licensed to ride a motorcycle, your licence should show category A. This will be the same if you renew or replace your licence after 19 January 2013.

    ", + "

    Motor tricycles

    ", + "

    If you hold category B1 entitlement (trikes and quads), when you renew or replace your licence after 19 January 2013 it will show categories B1 and A. The A entitlement will be limited to tricycles and you will not be able to ride motorbikes you were not previously allowed to.

    ", + "

    Provisional licences now only cover you to ride motor tricycles if you have a physical disability. Driving tests for 3-wheeled vehicles are only available for physically disabled drivers.

    ", + "

    Non-disabled drivers who want to ride motor tricycles need to pass CBT and the theory and practical tests on a 2-wheeled motorbike.

    ", + "

    Bike categories, ages and licence requirements

    ", + " | Licence category | Requirements for licence | Minimum age", + "Mopeds with speed range of 25 km/h to 45 km/h | AM | Compulsory basic training (CBT), theory test, practical test on all powered 2-wheeled moped | 16", + "Small 3-wheelers (up to 50 cc and below 4 kW) | AM | CBT, theory test, practical test | 16", + "Light quadricycles (weighing under 350 kg, top speed 45 km/h) | AM | CBT, theory test, practical test | 16", + "Same as AM plus 2 or 3-wheeled mopeds with top speed of 25 km/h | Q | Granted with AM | 16", + "Light motorcycle up to 11 kW (and a power-to-weight ratio not more than 0.1 kW per kg) and 125 cc | A1 | CBT, theory test, practical test | 17", + "Motor tricycles with a power output not more than 15 kW | A1 | CBT, theory test, practical test | 17", + "Standard motorcycle up to 35 kW (and a power-to-weight ratio not more than 0.2 kW per kg), bike must not be derived from vehicle more than twice its power | A2 | Direct access route - theory and practicalProgressive access route - 2 years experience on A1 motorbike and a further practical test | 19", + "Unrestricted motorcycles in size/power, with or without a sidecar, and motor tricycles with power output over 15 kW | A | Direct access route - CBT theory and practical (you must be at least 24)Progressive access route - held an A2 licence for a minimum of 2 years - practical test (21 or over) | 24 (direct) or 21 (progressive access)", + "

    You do not need to take the theory or motorcycle tests to apply for a provisional licence.

    ", + "

    Read about the rules for the motorcycle theory test and practical riding test.

    ", + "

    Safety equipment

    ", + "

    Helmet

    ", + "

    You must wear a safety helmet when riding a motorcycle on the road. All helmets sold in the UK must comply with at least 1 of these:

    ", + "
  • British Standard BS 6658:1985 and carry the BSI (British Standards Institution) Kitemark
    • ", + "
  • UNECE Regulation 22.05
    • ", + "
  • any standard accepted by a member of the European Economic Area which offers a level of safety and protection equivalent to BS 6658:1985 and carry a mark equivalent to the BSI Kitemark
    • ", + "

    You must wear glasses or contact lenses when you ride if you need them to read a number plate at the prescribed distance.

    ", + "

    Visors and goggles

    ", + "

    Your visors or goggles must comply with either:

    ", + "
  • a British Standard and displays a BSI Kitemark
    • ", + "
  • a European standard which offers a level of safety and protection at least equivalent to the British Standard and carries a mark equivalent to the BSI Kitemark (ECE 22-05)
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-cbt": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-cbt", + "title": "CBT motorcycle and moped training", + "content": "## Who needs to take training\n\nCompulsory basic training (CBT) is a course you usually have to take before you ride a moped or motorcycle on the road.\n\nThe training makes sure you can ride safely on your own while you practise for your full moped or motorcycle test.\n\nCBT is not a test that you pass or fail.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve completed CBT, you can ride a:\n\n- moped if you\u2019re 16 or over\n\n- motorcycle up to 125cc and with a power output of up to 11kW if you\u2019re 17 or over\n\nYou must use L plates (L or D plates in Wales).\n\nYou must pass your full moped or motorcycle test within 2 years, or you have to either take CBT again or stop riding.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get up to 6 penalty points for riding if you do not have a valid CBT certificate.\n\n## When you do not need to take CBT\n\nYou do not have to take CBT if you:\n\n- want to ride a moped (up to 50cc) and you passed your car driving test before 1 February 2001\n\n- want to ride a motorcycle and have a full moped licence from passing a moped test since 1 December 1990\n\n- have a full motorcycle licence for one category and want to upgrade to another\n\n- live and ride on some offshore islands\n\n- want to ride a trial e-scooter\n\n## Booking your CBT course\n\nBook your CBT course directly with a motorcycle training school.\n\nThe training school sets the course price. The price depends on where you do the training and if you bring your own moped or motorcycle.\n\nThe training school can ask you to share your driving licence information with them before the course.\n\n## Preparing for your CBT course\n\nYour trainer can stop your compulsory basic training (CBT) course if your basic knowledge of The Highway Code and traffic signs is not good enough for you to ride safely.\n\nYou need to know:\n\n- the main rules that apply to moped and motorcycle riders\n\n- what other road users are likely to do\n\nYou can be charged again to retake the course if your trainer stops your training because you are not prepared.\n\nYou can buy the guide to learning to ride to help you prepare. You can also buy it from high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to take to your course\n\nTake your UK driving licence to your training course.\n\n## What you need to wear\n\nYou must wear:\n\n- a motorcycle helmet that meets British safety standards (unless you\u2019re Sikh and wearing a turban) - check if the training school will provide one\n\n- motorcycle boots or other sturdy footwear that supports and protects your ankles\n\n- textile or leather motorcycle trousers or heavy denim trousers\n\n- a textile or leather motorcycle jacket or a heavy denim jacket with several layers underneath\n\n- motorcycle gloves\n\nYour course can be stopped and you can be charged to take it again if you do not wear suitable clothing.\n\n## Using your own moped or motorcycle\n\nYou cannot ride your own moped or motorcycle to the course unless you already have a CBT certificate - for example, if you\u2019re taking CBT again before your current certificate expires.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get up to 6 penalty points for riding if you do not have a valid CBT certificate.\n\n## How the training works\n\nThe CBT course usually lasts a full day. It can take longer depending on how quickly you learn.\n\nThere are 5 parts to the course:\n\n- introduction and eyesight check\n\n- on-site training\n\n- on-site riding\n\n- on-road training\n\n- on-road riding\n\nThe CBT course syllabus tells you more about what\u2019s involved in each part.\n\nYou move from one part to the next when your trainer is happy you\u2019ve:\n\n- learnt the theory\n\n- shown the practical skills to a safe basic level\n\n## On-road riding\n\nThe on-road riding part must last at least 2 hours. Complain to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if the trainer cuts this short.\n\n## How many people you\u2019ll train with\n\nYou might train with other learners. There\u2019s a maximum number of:\n\n- 4 learners per trainer for on-site parts\n\n- 2 learners per trainer for on-road parts\n\nComplain to DVSA if there are more learners than this.\n\n## When you complete the course\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018certificate of completion\u2019 (sometimes called a \u2018DL196\u2019) when you successfully complete the course.\n\nYou can then ride a moped or motorcycle up to 125cc and with a power output of up to 11kW on the road with L plates (L or D plates in Wales).\n\nYou must pass your theory test and full moped or motorcycle test within 2 years otherwise you\u2019ll need to complete CBT again or stop riding.\n\n## If you have a car driving licence\n\nYou can ride a moped (up to 50cc) without L plates and without taking the moped test in some situations.\n\n## You passed your driving test on or after 1 February 2001\n\nYou\u2019ll get a full moped licence if you either:\n\n- pass your car driving test and then complete a compulsory basic training (CBT) course\n\n- complete a CBT course and then pass your car driving test within two years\n\nYou can then ride a moped (up to 50cc) without L plates. You do not need to take the full moped test.\n\nYou can ride mopeds for as long as your car driving licence lasts.\n\n## You passed your driving test before 1 February 2001\n\nYou can ride a moped (up to 50cc) without L plates. You do not need to take a CBT course or take the full moped test.\n\nYou must take CBT if you want to ride anything larger than a 50cc moped.\n\n## If you ride on offshore islands\n\nYou must take compulsory basic training (CBT) to ride in these places:\n\n- the Isle of Wight\n\n- South Uist\n\n- North Uist\n\n- Benbecula\n\n- Harris\n\n- Lewis\n\n- mainland Orkney\n\n- mainland Shetland\n\n- any other island connected to mainland Great Britain by road\n\nYou do not need to take CBT to ride on other offshore islands.\n\n## Complain about a CBT course\n\nGet help from Citizens Advice if you want to complain about your motorcycle training school\u2019s service, or get a refund from them.\n\n## Standard of training\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you\u2019re not happy with the standard of training you received, including if:\n\n- the on-road riding part did not last at least 2 hours\n\n- there were too many learners per trainer\n\nYou need to give:\n\n- your trainer\u2019s name and the training school name\n\n- the address where you took the training\n\n- the date and time you took the training\n\n- details of why you\u2019re not happy with the training", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Who needs to take training

    ", + "

    Compulsory basic training (CBT) is a course you usually have to take before you ride a moped or motorcycle on the road.

    ", + "

    The training makes sure you can ride safely on your own while you practise for your full moped or motorcycle test.

    ", + "

    CBT is not a test that you pass or fail.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve completed CBT, you can ride a:

    ", + "
  • moped if you\u2019re 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle up to 125cc and with a power output of up to 11kW if you\u2019re 17 or over
    • ", + "

    You must use L plates (L or D plates in Wales).

    ", + "

    You must pass your full moped or motorcycle test within 2 years, or you have to either take CBT again or stop riding.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get up to 6 penalty points for riding if you do not have a valid CBT certificate.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to take CBT

    ", + "

    You do not have to take CBT if you:

    ", + "
  • want to ride a moped (up to 50cc) and you passed your car driving test before 1 February 2001
    • ", + "
  • want to ride a motorcycle and have a full moped licence from passing a moped test since 1 December 1990
    • ", + "
  • have a full motorcycle licence for one category and want to upgrade to another
    • ", + "
  • live and ride on some offshore islands
    • ", + "
  • want to ride a trial e-scooter
    • ", + "

    Booking your CBT course

    ", + "

    Book your CBT course directly with a motorcycle training school.

    ", + "

    The training school sets the course price. The price depends on where you do the training and if you bring your own moped or motorcycle.

    ", + "

    The training school can ask you to share your driving licence information with them before the course.

    ", + "

    Preparing for your CBT course

    ", + "

    Your trainer can stop your compulsory basic training (CBT) course if your basic knowledge of The Highway Code and traffic signs is not good enough for you to ride safely.

    ", + "

    You need to know:

    ", + "
  • the main rules that apply to moped and motorcycle riders
    • ", + "
  • what other road users are likely to do
    • ", + "

    You can be charged again to retake the course if your trainer stops your training because you are not prepared.

    ", + "

    You can buy the guide to learning to ride to help you prepare. You can also buy it from high street and online book shops.

    ", + "

    What to take to your course

    ", + "

    Take your UK driving licence to your training course.

    ", + "

    What you need to wear

    ", + "

    You must wear:

    ", + "
  • a motorcycle helmet that meets British safety standards (unless you\u2019re Sikh and wearing a turban) - check if the training school will provide one
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle boots or other sturdy footwear that supports and protects your ankles
    • ", + "
  • textile or leather motorcycle trousers or heavy denim trousers
    • ", + "
  • a textile or leather motorcycle jacket or a heavy denim jacket with several layers underneath
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle gloves
    • ", + "

    Your course can be stopped and you can be charged to take it again if you do not wear suitable clothing.

    ", + "

    Using your own moped or motorcycle

    ", + "

    You cannot ride your own moped or motorcycle to the course unless you already have a CBT certificate - for example, if you\u2019re taking CBT again before your current certificate expires.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get up to 6 penalty points for riding if you do not have a valid CBT certificate.

    ", + "

    How the training works

    ", + "

    The CBT course usually lasts a full day. It can take longer depending on how quickly you learn.

    ", + "

    There are 5 parts to the course:

    ", + "
  • introduction and eyesight check
    • ", + "
  • on-site training
    • ", + "
  • on-site riding
    • ", + "
  • on-road training
    • ", + "
  • on-road riding
    • ", + "

    The CBT course syllabus tells you more about what\u2019s involved in each part.

    ", + "

    You move from one part to the next when your trainer is happy you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • learnt the theory
    • ", + "
  • shown the practical skills to a safe basic level
    • ", + "

    On-road riding

    ", + "

    The on-road riding part must last at least 2 hours. Complain to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if the trainer cuts this short.

    ", + "

    How many people you\u2019ll train with

    ", + "

    You might train with other learners. There\u2019s a maximum number of:

    ", + "
  • 4 learners per trainer for on-site parts
    • ", + "
  • 2 learners per trainer for on-road parts
    • ", + "

    Complain to DVSA if there are more learners than this.

    ", + "

    When you complete the course

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018certificate of completion\u2019 (sometimes called a \u2018DL196\u2019) when you successfully complete the course.

    ", + "

    You can then ride a moped or motorcycle up to 125cc and with a power output of up to 11kW on the road with L plates (L or D plates in Wales).

    ", + "

    You must pass your theory test and full moped or motorcycle test within 2 years otherwise you\u2019ll need to complete CBT again or stop riding.

    ", + "

    If you have a car driving licence

    ", + "

    You can ride a moped (up to 50cc) without L plates and without taking the moped test in some situations.

    ", + "

    You passed your driving test on or after 1 February 2001

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a full moped licence if you either:

    ", + "
  • pass your car driving test and then complete a compulsory basic training (CBT) course
    • ", + "
  • complete a CBT course and then pass your car driving test within two years
    • ", + "

    You can then ride a moped (up to 50cc) without L plates. You do not need to take the full moped test.

    ", + "

    You can ride mopeds for as long as your car driving licence lasts.

    ", + "

    You passed your driving test before 1 February 2001

    ", + "

    You can ride a moped (up to 50cc) without L plates. You do not need to take a CBT course or take the full moped test.

    ", + "

    You must take CBT if you want to ride anything larger than a 50cc moped.

    ", + "

    If you ride on offshore islands

    ", + "

    You must take compulsory basic training (CBT) to ride in these places:

    ", + "
  • the Isle of Wight
    • ", + "
  • South Uist
    • ", + "
  • North Uist
    • ", + "
  • Benbecula
    • ", + "
  • Harris
    • ", + "
  • Lewis
    • ", + "
  • mainland Orkney
    • ", + "
  • mainland Shetland
    • ", + "
  • any other island connected to mainland Great Britain by road
    • ", + "

    You do not need to take CBT to ride on other offshore islands.

    ", + "

    Complain about a CBT course

    ", + "

    Get help from Citizens Advice if you want to complain about your motorcycle training school\u2019s service, or get a refund from them.

    ", + "

    Standard of training

    ", + "

    Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you\u2019re not happy with the standard of training you received, including if:

    ", + "
  • the on-road riding part did not last at least 2 hours
    • ", + "
  • there were too many learners per trainer
    • ", + "

    You need to give:

    ", + "
  • your trainer\u2019s name and the training school name
    • ", + "
  • the address where you took the training
    • ", + "
  • the date and time you took the training
    • ", + "
  • details of why you\u2019re not happy with the training
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-theory-test": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-theory-test", + "title": "Theory test: motorcycles and mopeds", + "content": "## Booking your test\n\nYou need to have a provisional motorcycle licence to book your theory test.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test:\n\n- multiple-choice questions\n\n- hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road\n\nYou book and take them as a single test. You have to pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n## When you can take the theory test\n\nYou can take the theory test from your:\n\n- 16th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a moped (no more than 50cc)\n\n- 17th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a motorcycle\n\nYou can take the theory test before or after you\u2019ve taken compulsory basic training (CBT).\n\n## Who needs to take the theory test\n\nYou usually need to have passed a motorcycle theory test before you take the motorcycle test.\n\nFind out which motorcycles you can ride and which tests you need to take.\n\nYou do not need to take the theory test if you passed a moped test after 1 July 1996 and want to either:\n\n- take the motorcycle test on a category A1 small motorcycle\n\n- upgrade your motorcycle licence under the \u2018progressive access\u2019 (also known as \u2018staged access\u2019) rules\n\n## If you have a car licence\n\nYou have to pass a motorcycle theory test before taking the motorcycle test.\n\n## If your licence is not from Great Britain\n\nFind out if you can drive in Great Britain (GB) with your non-GB licence without taking a theory and driving test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your theory test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your theory test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.\n\n## Theory test revision and practice\n\nYou can use books and software to revise for the theory test and take practice tests.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nThe questions in the theory test are based on 3 books:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Riding - the essential skills\n\nStudy these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## Take a practice test\n\nTake a practice theory test to check how much you\u2019ve learnt.\n\nThe practice questions are not used in the real test, but they\u2019re based on the same topics as the test.\n\n## Hazard perception part\n\nBuy the official guide to hazard perception for your PC or Mac to learn hazard perception skills and then test them.\n\nYou can buy it from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\n## Personal belongings\n\nYou will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:\n\n- bags\n\n- earphones\n\n- mobile phones\n\n- watches\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.\n\nIf your test centre does not have lockers, you must:\n\n- turn off your phone before you enter the test centre\n\n- put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test\n\nThe test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 57 minutes to answer 50 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens\n\n## How the test works\n\nA question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.\n\nSome questions are given as a case study. The case study will:\n\n- show a short story that 5 questions will be based on\n\n- be about a real life situation you could come across when driving\n\n## Leaving a question\n\nYou can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.\n\n## Changing your answers\n\nYou can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.\n\n## When you\u2019ve finished\n\nYou can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 57 minutes.\n\nYou can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:\n\n- feature everyday road scenes\n\n- contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards\n\nYou get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.\n\n## What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is\n\nA developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.\n\n## How the scoring works\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.\n\nTo get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.\n\nYou do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.\n\nYou only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.\n\n## Pass mark and test result\n\nYou get the result at the test centre after taking the theory test. You need to pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n| Test part | Pass mark | Points available |\n\n| Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50 |\n\n| Hazard perception | 44 | 75 |\n\n## If you pass\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with a pass certificate number at the test centre. You need this when you book and take your motorcycle test.\n\nYour pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You need to pass both modules of the motorcycle test in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the theory test again.\n\n## If you fail\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.\n\nYou have to book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.\n\nYou have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.\n\n## If you have a reading difficulty, disability or health condition\n\nWhen you book your theory test you should say if you have a:\n\n- reading difficulty\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nYou can ask to hear the test through headphones when you book your test. You can hear it in English or Welsh.\n\nYou can listen to the questions and possible answers as many times as you need to.\n\n## Other types of support\n\nYou can get other support during your theory test if you send proof that you have reading difficulties.\n\nThis can be an email, letter or report from:\n\n- a teacher or other educational professional\n\n- a doctor or medical professional\n\n- an occupational therapist\n\n- an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association\n\nYou can get:\n\n- extra time to take the test\n\n- someone to read what\u2019s on the screen and record your answers\n\n- someone to reword the questions for you\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will select the best type of support for you.\n\nIf DVSA agrees that you need extra support, they will send you an email with:\n\n- a reference number (you will need this when you book your test)\n\n- instructions on how to book your test\n\n## Extra time to take the test\n\nYou can ask for more time to do the multiple choice questions part of the theory test.\n\n## Reading what\u2019s on the screen and recording your answers\n\nA member of staff at the test centre can read out the instructions and questions on the screen.\n\nThey can also record your answers to the multiple-choice questions.\n\nThis can be done by either:\n\n- listening to the member of staff through headphones while they\u2019re in another room - they\u2019ll be able to see what\u2019s on your screen\n\n- the member of staff sitting near you in the test room\n\n## Rewording the questions for you\n\nYou can ask for a member of staff to reword the theory test questions to make them easier for you to understand.\n\nThe person cannot change the technical language that you need to know. But they can change the order of the sentence and other non-technical words and phrases.\n\nYou still need to answer each question yourself.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nYou can take the theory test in British Sign Language (BSL) if you\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment.\n\nA BSL video appears on the screen next to the questions and answers.\n\n## Take a BSL interpreter\n\nYou can have a BSL interpreter with you during the test. Contact DVSA to arrange this. You will not be charged an extra fee.\n\n## Hearing loop and lip speakers\n\nYou can arrange to have a lip speaker with you at the theory test centre or use a listening aid (hearing loop).\n\nTo use either service you\u2019ll need to contact DVSA before your test.\n\n## Other disabilities or health conditions\n\nContact DVSA to discuss any other disability or health condition before you book your test.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Booking your test

    ", + "

    You need to have a provisional motorcycle licence to book your theory test.

    ", + "

    There are 2 parts to the test:

    ", + "
  • multiple-choice questions
    • ", + "
  • hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road
    • ", + "

    You book and take them as a single test. You have to pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + "

    When you can take the theory test

    ", + "

    You can take the theory test from your:

    ", + "
  • 16th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a moped (no more than 50cc)
    • ", + "
  • 17th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a motorcycle
    • ", + "

    You can take the theory test before or after you\u2019ve taken compulsory basic training (CBT).

    ", + "

    Who needs to take the theory test

    ", + "

    You usually need to have passed a motorcycle theory test before you take the motorcycle test.

    ", + "

    Find out which motorcycles you can ride and which tests you need to take.

    ", + "

    You do not need to take the theory test if you passed a moped test after 1 July 1996 and want to either:

    ", + "
  • take the motorcycle test on a category A1 small motorcycle
    • ", + "
  • upgrade your motorcycle licence under the \u2018progressive access\u2019 (also known as \u2018staged access\u2019) rules
    • ", + "

    If you have a car licence

    ", + "

    You have to pass a motorcycle theory test before taking the motorcycle test.

    ", + "

    If your licence is not from Great Britain

    ", + "

    Find out if you can drive in Great Britain (GB) with your non-GB licence without taking a theory and driving test.

    ", + "

    Change or check your test details

    ", + "

    You can change the date of your theory test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.

    ", + "

    Rebook your test

    ", + "

    Rebook your theory test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.

    ", + "

    Theory test revision and practice

    ", + "

    You can use books and software to revise for the theory test and take practice tests.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    The questions in the theory test are based on 3 books:

    ", + "
  • The Highway Code
    • ", + "
  • Know your traffic signs
    • ", + "
  • Riding - the essential skills
    • ", + "

    Study these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.

    ", + "

    You can buy them from most high street and online book shops.

    ", + "

    Take a practice test

    ", + "

    Take a practice theory test to check how much you\u2019ve learnt.

    ", + "

    The practice questions are not used in the real test, but they\u2019re based on the same topics as the test.

    ", + "

    Hazard perception part

    ", + "

    Buy the official guide to hazard perception for your PC or Mac to learn hazard perception skills and then test them.

    ", + "

    You can buy it from most high street and online book shops.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering at your test

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    Wearing glasses does not count as a good reason.

    ", + "

    You need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not go to your test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Change your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    If you have a paper licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.

    ", + "

    Personal belongings

    ", + "

    You will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:

    ", + "
  • bags
    • ", + "
  • earphones
    • ", + "
  • mobile phones
    • ", + "
  • watches
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.

    ", + "

    If your test centre does not have lockers, you must:

    ", + "
  • turn off your phone before you enter the test centre
    • ", + "
  • put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test
    • ", + "

    The test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    You have 57 minutes to answer 50 multiple-choice questions.

    ", + "

    Before the test starts you\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • instructions on how the test works
    • ", + "
  • the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens
    • ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    A question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.

    ", + "

    Some questions are given as a case study. The case study will:

    ", + "
  • show a short story that 5 questions will be based on
    • ", + "
  • be about a real life situation you could come across when driving
    • ", + "

    Leaving a question

    ", + "

    You can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.

    ", + "

    Changing your answers

    ", + "

    You can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve finished

    ", + "

    You can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 57 minutes.

    ", + "

    You can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.

    ", + "

    Hazard perception test

    ", + "

    Before you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:

    ", + "
  • feature everyday road scenes
    • ", + "
  • contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards
    • ", + "

    You get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.

    ", + "

    What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is

    ", + "

    A developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.

    ", + "

    How the scoring works

    ", + "

    You can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.

    ", + "

    To get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.

    ", + "

    You do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.

    ", + "

    You only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.

    ", + "

    Pass mark and test result

    ", + "

    You get the result at the test centre after taking the theory test. You need to pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + "Test part | Pass mark | Points available", + "Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50", + "Hazard perception | 44 | 75", + "

    If you pass

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter with a pass certificate number at the test centre. You need this when you book and take your motorcycle test.

    ", + "

    Your pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You need to pass both modules of the motorcycle test in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the theory test again.

    ", + "

    If you fail

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.

    ", + "

    You have to book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.

    ", + "

    You have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.

    ", + "

    If you have a reading difficulty, disability or health condition

    ", + "

    When you book your theory test you should say if you have a:

    ", + "
  • reading difficulty
    • ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • health condition
    • ", + "

    You have reading difficulties

    ", + "

    You can ask to hear the test through headphones when you book your test. You can hear it in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    You can listen to the questions and possible answers as many times as you need to.

    ", + "

    Other types of support

    ", + "

    You can get other support during your theory test if you send proof that you have reading difficulties.

    ", + "

    This can be an email, letter or report from:

    ", + "
  • a teacher or other educational professional
    • ", + "
  • a doctor or medical professional
    • ", + "
  • an occupational therapist
    • ", + "
  • an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association
    • ", + "

    You can get:

    ", + "
  • extra time to take the test
    • ", + "
  • someone to read what\u2019s on the screen and record your answers
    • ", + "
  • someone to reword the questions for you
    • ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will select the best type of support for you.

    ", + "

    If DVSA agrees that you need extra support, they will send you an email with:

    ", + "
  • a reference number (you will need this when you book your test)
    • ", + "
  • instructions on how to book your test
    • ", + "

    Extra time to take the test

    ", + "

    You can ask for more time to do the multiple choice questions part of the theory test.

    ", + "

    Reading what\u2019s on the screen and recording your answers

    ", + "

    A member of staff at the test centre can read out the instructions and questions on the screen.

    ", + "

    They can also record your answers to the multiple-choice questions.

    ", + "

    This can be done by either:

    ", + "
  • listening to the member of staff through headphones while they\u2019re in another room - they\u2019ll be able to see what\u2019s on your screen
    • ", + "
  • the member of staff sitting near you in the test room
    • ", + "

    Rewording the questions for you

    ", + "

    You can ask for a member of staff to reword the theory test questions to make them easier for you to understand.

    ", + "

    The person cannot change the technical language that you need to know. But they can change the order of the sentence and other non-technical words and phrases.

    ", + "

    You still need to answer each question yourself.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment

    ", + "

    You can take the theory test in British Sign Language (BSL) if you\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment.

    ", + "

    A BSL video appears on the screen next to the questions and answers.

    ", + "

    Take a BSL interpreter

    ", + "

    You can have a BSL interpreter with you during the test. Contact DVSA to arrange this. You will not be charged an extra fee.

    ", + "

    Hearing loop and lip speakers

    ", + "

    You can arrange to have a lip speaker with you at the theory test centre or use a listening aid (hearing loop).

    ", + "

    To use either service you\u2019ll need to contact DVSA before your test.

    ", + "

    Other disabilities or health conditions

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA to discuss any other disability or health condition before you book your test.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-test": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-test", + "title": "Motorcycle and moped tests", + "content": "## Booking your tests\n\nAfter you\u2019ve passed your theory test you\u2019ll also need to pass:\n\n- an off-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 1 test\u2019)\n\n- an on-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 2 test\u2019)\n\nNormally, you can book the riding tests separately or at the same time, but you must pass the module 1 test before you take the module 2 test. There\u2019s a different fee for each module.\n\n## Motorcycle and moped tests and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWear a face covering at the start and end of the test (when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner). If you cannot wear a face covering, you must tell DVSA when booking your appointment.\n\nYou can cancel your test appointment and get a refund if you cannot or do not want to attend because of COVID-19. Your instructor will need to cancel your test for you if they booked it.\n\n## What you need to do to pass the tests\n\nTo pass the riding tests you must be able to:\n\n- ride safely in different road and traffic conditions\n\n- show that you know The Highway Code by the way you ride\n\nThe national standard for riding mopeds and motorcycles tells you everything that you must be able to do to pass the tests.\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your tests.\n\n## What to take to your tests\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your UK photocard driving licence\n\n- your theory test pass certificate\n\n- a moped or motorbike\n\n- your compulsory basic training (CBT) certificate - unless you\u2019re taking the test to upgrade your full motorcycle licence\n\n- your module 1 test pass certificate - if you\u2019re taking your module 2 test\n\n- a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Clothing\n\nYou must wear:\n\n- a motorcycle helmet that meets British safety standards (unless you\u2019re Sikh and wearing a turban)\n\n- motorcycle boots or other sturdy footwear that supports and protects your ankles\n\n- textile or leather motorcycle trousers or heavy denim trousers\n\n- a textile or leather motorcycle jacket or a heavy denim jacket with several layers underneath\n\n- motorcycle gloves\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering at the start and end of the test when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nIf you cannot wear a face covering at the start and end of the test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nYou should rearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time. You must do this at least 3 working days before your test date or you\u2019ll have to pay again.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nYou must bring a valid passport and your paper licence if you do not have a photocard driving licence.\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nYou must bring the photocard and paper counterpart if you have a licence from Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate\n\nContact DVSA with your:\n\n- name\n\n- address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- driving licence number\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter that you can take to your test instead of your pass certificate.\n\n## Motorcycles and mopeds you can use for the tests\n\nThe motorcycle or moped you use for your tests must:\n\n- be a solo machine - you can only use a sidecar if you have certain disabilities\n\n- have a speedometer measuring speed in miles per hour (mph)\n\n- display L plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear\n\n- be insured, taxed and roadworthy and have no engine warning lights showing\n\nRead the list of A2 and A motorcycles that can be used for riding tests.\n\n## Subcategories of motorcycles and mopeds\n\nThere are 4 subcategories of mopeds and motorcycles.\n\nIn both modules of the test, you must use:\n\n- the same subcategory as the licence you\u2019re applying for\n\n- a vehicle with the same type of transmission (manual, automatic or semi-automatic)\n\n| | Moped, tricycle or quad bike | Light motorcycle | Standard motorcycle | Unrestricted motorcycle |\n\n| Licence category | AM | A1 | A2 | A |\n\n| Minimum age of rider | 16 | 17 | 19 | 24 (direct access) or 21 (progressive access) |\n\n| Engine capacity | Up to 50cc | 120 to 125cc | At least 395cc | At least 595cc |\n\n| Maximum speed | Up to 28mph | 55mph or above | - | - |\n\n| Engine power | Up to 4kW | Up to 11kW | 20 to 35kW | At least 50kW |\n\n| Motorcycle weight (without rider) | - | - | - | At least 175kg |\n\n| Power to weight ratio | - | Up to 0.1kW/kg | Up to 0.2 kW/kg | - |\n\n## Automatic and semi-automatic motorcycles\n\nIf you pass your tests on a motorcycle with automatic or semi-automatic transmission, you\u2019ll only get a licence for those types of motorcycle.\n\n## Engines with restricted power\n\nYou can restrict the engine power of a motorcycle so that it fits within subcategory A2 (20 to 35kW). You cannot restrict it below half its original power.\n\nThis means that if the unrestricted power of the motorcycle is 60kW, you cannot restrict it any lower than 30kW. A motorcycle\u2019s unrestricted power must not be more than 70kW.\n\nYou must bring proof if you\u2019ve restricted a motorcycle to subcategory A2 - if you do not your test will be cancelled.\n\nThe proof must:\n\n- be on headed paper\n\n- be from a main dealer, official importer or recognised specialist\n\n- show the motorcycle\u2019s number plate (registration number)\n\nYou cannot use a dyno test certificate as proof of the restriction.\n\n## Motorcycles with variable power modes\n\nIf you use a switchable engine control unit (ECU) or variable power device, your motorcycle cannot have:\n\n- interchangeable carburettor heads\n\n- an exhaust manifold restrictor\n\n- a hidden ECU - it must be clear what power mode the motorcycle is in\n\n## Electric motorcycles\n\nYou can use an electric motorcycle or moped if it both:\n\n- has the same engine power as the petrol version\n\n- can keep that power for at least 30 minutes\n\nThis is known as the \u2018continuous power rating\u2019 - you can check this with the manufacturer.\n\n## If you have a disability\n\nYou can use a motorcycle with a sidecar for your tests if you have certain disabilities. You cannot have a passenger in the sidecar during the tests.\n\nYour licence will only let you ride motorcycles with sidecars.\n\nYou might be able to use a different vehicle if you\u2019re disabled - contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test.\n\n## Module 1 off-road test: what happens\n\nYou\u2019ll take the module 1 test in an off-road motorcycle manoeuvring area.\n\nThe test normally takes about 20 minutes and includes:\n\n- wheeling the moped or motorcycle and using the stand\n\n- riding a slalom and figure of 8\n\n- a slow ride\n\n- a U-turn\n\n- cornering and a controlled stop\n\n- cornering and an emergency stop\n\n- cornering and hazard avoidance\n\nFor the hazard avoidance and emergency stop exercises you must ride at a minimum speed of:\n\n- 19 mph on a moped\n\n- 31 mph on a motorcycle\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 1 at the end of the test.\n\nThe examiner will make a note of:\n\n- dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- serious faults - these are potentially dangerous\n\n- riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake\n\nYou\u2019ll pass module 1 if you make:\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n- no more than 5 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate - you need to take this to the module 2 test\n\nIf you\u2019re upgrading your licence through \u2018progressive access\u2019, you must pass module 2 within 6 months. You have to pass module 1 again if you do not.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another module 1 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked the module 2 test you might need to change the date, since you must pass module 1 before you can take module 2.\n\nYou\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not give 3 full days\u2019 notice to cancel your module 2 test. Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\n## Module 2 on-road test: what happens\n\nYou must pass module 1 before you can take the module 2 test.\n\nYou can book both modules at the same time, but if you do not pass module 1 you must wait 3 working days before you can retake it.\n\nThe module 2 test normally takes about 40 minutes and includes:\n\n- an eyesight check\n\n- \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions\n\n- road riding\n\n- independent riding\n\nYou must bring your module 1 pass certificate to the module 2 test, plus all the documents you had to bring to the module 1 test.\n\n## Eyesight check\n\nYou\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.\n\nYou\u2019ll fail your riding test if you fail the eyesight check.\n\n## \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions. These test that you know how to carry out basic safety checks.\n\n## Road riding\n\nYou\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways. You\u2019ll be asked to carry out:\n\n- normal stops\n\n- an angle start (pulling out from behind a parked vehicle)\n\n- a hill start (where possible)\n\nThe examiner will give you directions using a radio. They\u2019ll normally follow you on a motorcycle.\n\nDriving test routes are not published, so you can not check them before your test.\n\n## Independent riding\n\nYou\u2019ll have about 10 minutes of independent riding. This is designed to assess your ability to ride safely while making your own decisions.\n\nYou can ask the examiner to repeat the directions if you forget them - you will not fail the test if you go off the route. You can not use sat nav.\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 2 at the end of the test.\n\nThe examiner will make a note of:\n\n- dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- serious faults - these are potentially dangerous\n\n- riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake\n\nYou\u2019ll pass module 2 if you make:\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n- no more than 10 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass your test\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate\n\n- ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this\n\nYou can start riding without L plates straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.\n\nContact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou have to book another module 2 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there\u2019s bad weather\n\nYour riding test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your vehicle, or for other reasons.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nRiding tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, for example when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is in your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your vehicle\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your vehicle, for example if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules\n\n## Your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty\n\nWhen you book your tests you should say if you have a:\n\n- disability\n\n- learning difficulty\n\n- health condition\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to ride to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.\n\nIf your health condition or disability means you cannot wear a face covering to your test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nThe examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.\n\nThe examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.\n\n## Using a sign language interpreter\n\nYou can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.\n\nYour motorcycle instructor can be your interpreter.\n\nYou need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge.\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nYou\u2019ll do an eyesight check at the start of the module 2 test. The examiner will ask you to read the number plate on a parked vehicle.\n\nYou can write down what you see if you have reading difficulties.\n\n## You have learning difficulties\n\nThe examiner will make adjustments for the independent riding part of the module 2 test if you have learning difficulties.\n\nThey might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of verbal directions.\n\nYou might be able to choose to follow a set of directions using a diagram. You\u2019ll normally be asked to follow up to 3 directions at a time, but the examiner can reduce this to 2 at a time.\n\n## You\u2019re pregnant\n\nYou can take the tests at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to:\n\n- do an emergency stop\n\n- manually handle and wheel the motorcycle\n\n- do the cornering and hazard avoidance exercise", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Booking your tests

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve passed your theory test you\u2019ll also need to pass:

    ", + "
  • an off-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 1 test\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • an on-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 2 test\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Normally, you can book the riding tests separately or at the same time, but you must pass the module 1 test before you take the module 2 test. There\u2019s a different fee for each module.

    ", + "

    Motorcycle and moped tests and coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Wear a face covering at the start and end of the test (when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner). If you cannot wear a face covering, you must tell DVSA when booking your appointment.

    ", + "

    You can cancel your test appointment and get a refund if you cannot or do not want to attend because of COVID-19. Your instructor will need to cancel your test for you if they booked it.

    ", + "

    What you need to do to pass the tests

    ", + "

    To pass the riding tests you must be able to:

    ", + "
  • ride safely in different road and traffic conditions
    • ", + "
  • show that you know The Highway Code by the way you ride
    • ", + "

    The national standard for riding mopeds and motorcycles tells you everything that you must be able to do to pass the tests.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your tests.

    ", + "

    What to take to your tests

    ", + "

    You must take:

    ", + "
  • your UK photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your theory test pass certificate
    • ", + "
  • a moped or motorbike
    • ", + "
  • your compulsory basic training (CBT) certificate - unless you\u2019re taking the test to upgrade your full motorcycle licence
    • ", + "
  • your module 1 test pass certificate - if you\u2019re taking your module 2 test
    • ", + "
  • a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not go to your test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Clothing

    ", + "

    You must wear:

    ", + "
  • a motorcycle helmet that meets British safety standards (unless you\u2019re Sikh and wearing a turban)
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle boots or other sturdy footwear that supports and protects your ankles
    • ", + "
  • textile or leather motorcycle trousers or heavy denim trousers
    • ", + "
  • a textile or leather motorcycle jacket or a heavy denim jacket with several layers underneath
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle gloves
    • ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You must bring and wear a face covering at the start and end of the test when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:

    ", + "
  • having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    If you cannot wear a face covering at the start and end of the test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.

    ", + "

    Your driving licence

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You should rearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time. You must do this at least 3 working days before your test date or you\u2019ll have to pay again.

    ", + "

    If you have a paper licence

    ", + "

    You must bring a valid passport and your paper licence if you do not have a photocard driving licence.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You must bring the photocard and paper counterpart if you have a licence from Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA with your:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • driving licence number
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a letter that you can take to your test instead of your pass certificate.

    ", + "

    Motorcycles and mopeds you can use for the tests

    ", + "

    The motorcycle or moped you use for your tests must:

    ", + "
  • be a solo machine - you can only use a sidecar if you have certain disabilities
    • ", + "
  • have a speedometer measuring speed in miles per hour (mph)
    • ", + "
  • display L plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear
    • ", + "
  • be insured, taxed and roadworthy and have no engine warning lights showing
    • ", + "

    Read the list of A2 and A motorcycles that can be used for riding tests.

    ", + "

    Subcategories of motorcycles and mopeds

    ", + "

    There are 4 subcategories of mopeds and motorcycles.

    ", + "

    In both modules of the test, you must use:

    ", + "
  • the same subcategory as the licence you\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "
  • a vehicle with the same type of transmission (manual, automatic or semi-automatic)
    • ", + " | Moped, tricycle or quad bike | Light motorcycle | Standard motorcycle | Unrestricted motorcycle", + "Licence category | AM | A1 | A2 | A", + "Minimum age of rider | 16 | 17 | 19 | 24 (direct access) or 21 (progressive access)", + "Engine capacity | Up to 50cc | 120 to 125cc | At least 395cc | At least 595cc", + "Maximum speed | Up to 28mph | 55mph or above | - | -", + "Engine power | Up to 4kW | Up to 11kW | 20 to 35kW | At least 50kW", + "Motorcycle weight (without rider) | - | - | - | At least 175kg", + "Power to weight ratio | - | Up to 0.1kW/kg | Up to 0.2 kW/kg | -", + "

    Automatic and semi-automatic motorcycles

    ", + "

    If you pass your tests on a motorcycle with automatic or semi-automatic transmission, you\u2019ll only get a licence for those types of motorcycle.

    ", + "

    Engines with restricted power

    ", + "

    You can restrict the engine power of a motorcycle so that it fits within subcategory A2 (20 to 35kW). You cannot restrict it below half its original power.

    ", + "

    This means that if the unrestricted power of the motorcycle is 60kW, you cannot restrict it any lower than 30kW. A motorcycle\u2019s unrestricted power must not be more than 70kW.

    ", + "

    You must bring proof if you\u2019ve restricted a motorcycle to subcategory A2 - if you do not your test will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    The proof must:

    ", + "
  • be on headed paper
    • ", + "
  • be from a main dealer, official importer or recognised specialist
    • ", + "
  • show the motorcycle\u2019s number plate (registration number)
    • ", + "

    You cannot use a dyno test certificate as proof of the restriction.

    ", + "

    Motorcycles with variable power modes

    ", + "

    If you use a switchable engine control unit (ECU) or variable power device, your motorcycle cannot have:

    ", + "
  • interchangeable carburettor heads
    • ", + "
  • an exhaust manifold restrictor
    • ", + "
  • a hidden ECU - it must be clear what power mode the motorcycle is in
    • ", + "

    Electric motorcycles

    ", + "

    You can use an electric motorcycle or moped if it both:

    ", + "
  • has the same engine power as the petrol version
    • ", + "
  • can keep that power for at least 30 minutes
    • ", + "

    This is known as the \u2018continuous power rating\u2019 - you can check this with the manufacturer.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability

    ", + "

    You can use a motorcycle with a sidecar for your tests if you have certain disabilities. You cannot have a passenger in the sidecar during the tests.

    ", + "

    Your licence will only let you ride motorcycles with sidecars.

    ", + "

    You might be able to use a different vehicle if you\u2019re disabled - contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test.

    ", + "

    Module 1 off-road test: what happens

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll take the module 1 test in an off-road motorcycle manoeuvring area.

    ", + "

    The test normally takes about 20 minutes and includes:

    ", + "
  • wheeling the moped or motorcycle and using the stand
    • ", + "
  • riding a slalom and figure of 8
    • ", + "
  • a slow ride
    • ", + "
  • a U-turn
    • ", + "
  • cornering and a controlled stop
    • ", + "
  • cornering and an emergency stop
    • ", + "
  • cornering and hazard avoidance
    • ", + "

    For the hazard avoidance and emergency stop exercises you must ride at a minimum speed of:

    ", + "
  • 19 mph on a moped
    • ", + "
  • 31 mph on a motorcycle
    • ", + "

    Your test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 1 at the end of the test.

    ", + "

    The examiner will make a note of:

    ", + "
  • dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property
    • ", + "
  • serious faults - these are potentially dangerous
    • ", + "
  • riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll pass module 1 if you make:

    ", + "
  • no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • no more than 5 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you pass

    ", + "

    The examiner will:

    ", + "
  • tell you what faults you made, if any
    • ", + "
  • give you a pass certificate - you need to take this to the module 2 test
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re upgrading your licence through \u2018progressive access\u2019, you must pass module 2 within 6 months. You have to pass module 1 again if you do not.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to book another module 1 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already booked the module 2 test you might need to change the date, since you must pass module 1 before you can take module 2.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not give 3 full days\u2019 notice to cancel your module 2 test. Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.

    ", + "

    Module 2 on-road test: what happens

    ", + "

    You must pass module 1 before you can take the module 2 test.

    ", + "

    You can book both modules at the same time, but if you do not pass module 1 you must wait 3 working days before you can retake it.

    ", + "

    The module 2 test normally takes about 40 minutes and includes:

    ", + "
  • an eyesight check
    • ", + "
  • \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions
    • ", + "
  • road riding
    • ", + "
  • independent riding
    • ", + "

    You must bring your module 1 pass certificate to the module 2 test, plus all the documents you had to bring to the module 1 test.

    ", + "

    Eyesight check

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:

    ", + "
  • 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate
    • ", + "
  • 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate
    • ", + "

    New-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll fail your riding test if you fail the eyesight check.

    ", + "

    \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions. These test that you know how to carry out basic safety checks.

    ", + "

    Road riding

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways. You\u2019ll be asked to carry out:

    ", + "
  • normal stops
    • ", + "
  • an angle start (pulling out from behind a parked vehicle)
    • ", + "
  • a hill start (where possible)
    • ", + "

    The examiner will give you directions using a radio. They\u2019ll normally follow you on a motorcycle.

    ", + "

    Driving test routes are not published, so you can not check them before your test.

    ", + "

    Independent riding

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have about 10 minutes of independent riding. This is designed to assess your ability to ride safely while making your own decisions.

    ", + "

    You can ask the examiner to repeat the directions if you forget them - you will not fail the test if you go off the route. You can not use sat nav.

    ", + "

    Your test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 2 at the end of the test.

    ", + "

    The examiner will make a note of:

    ", + "
  • dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property
    • ", + "
  • serious faults - these are potentially dangerous
    • ", + "
  • riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll pass module 2 if you make:

    ", + "
  • no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • no more than 10 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you pass your test

    ", + "

    The examiner will:

    ", + "
  • tell you what faults you made, if any
    • ", + "
  • give you a pass certificate
    • ", + "
  • ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this
    • ", + "

    You can start riding without L plates straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass

    ", + "

    You have to book another module 2 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.

    ", + "

    If your test is cancelled or there\u2019s bad weather

    ", + "

    Your riding test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your vehicle, or for other reasons.

    ", + "

    Bad weather

    ", + "

    Riding tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, for example when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.

    ", + "

    Call your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    The phone number for the test centre is in your booking confirmation email.

    ", + "

    If your test cannot go ahead

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:

    ", + "
  • automatically book the next available date for your test
    • ", + "
  • send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather
    • ", + "

    You can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.

    ", + "

    Problems with you or your vehicle

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:

    ", + "
  • you, for example if you feel unwell while taking your test
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle, for example if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules
    • ", + "

    Your test is cancelled for another reason

    ", + "

    Sometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example if the examiner is unwell.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty

    ", + "

    When you book your tests you should say if you have a:

    ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • learning difficulty
    • ", + "
  • health condition
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still have to ride to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.

    ", + "

    If your health condition or disability means you cannot wear a face covering to your test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment

    ", + "

    The examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.

    ", + "

    The examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.

    ", + "

    Using a sign language interpreter

    ", + "

    You can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.

    ", + "

    Your motorcycle instructor can be your interpreter.

    ", + "

    You need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge.

    ", + "

    You have reading difficulties

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll do an eyesight check at the start of the module 2 test. The examiner will ask you to read the number plate on a parked vehicle.

    ", + "

    You can write down what you see if you have reading difficulties.

    ", + "

    You have learning difficulties

    ", + "

    The examiner will make adjustments for the independent riding part of the module 2 test if you have learning difficulties.

    ", + "

    They might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of verbal directions.

    ", + "

    You might be able to choose to follow a set of directions using a diagram. You\u2019ll normally be asked to follow up to 3 directions at a time, but the examiner can reduce this to 2 at a time.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re pregnant

    ", + "

    You can take the tests at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to:

    ", + "
  • do an emergency stop
    • ", + "
  • manually handle and wheel the motorcycle
    • ", + "
  • do the cornering and hazard avoidance exercise
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle", + "title": "Learning to drive a tractor or specialist vehicle", + "content": "## Driving licence requirements\n\nIf you pass a regular car driving test (category B) you\u2019ll get entitlement to drive:\n\n- agricultural tractors (category F)\n\n- mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles (category K)\n\nFor all other categories you need the correct full licence to drive the tractor or special vehicle on the road.\n\nTo get this you first need to get the right provisional driving licence entitlement and then pass a tractor or specialist vehicle driving test.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive or operate:\n\n- a tractor or specialist vehicle off the public road (there are age limits)\n\n- pedestrian-controlled mowing machines (you must be at least 16)\n\n- electric bikes\n\n- mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\nYou do need a driving licence to drive quad bikes on the road.\n\n## Road rollers and tracked vehicles\n\nYou need a full category B car licence with provisional entitlement for categories G and H to drive:\n\n- road rollers (category G)\n\n- tracked vehicles (category H)\n\nFind out how to add higher categories to your driving licence.\n\n## Age limits\n\n| | Category | Minimum age |\n\n| Agricultural tractors | F | 16/17* |\n\n| Road rollers | G | 21** |\n\n| Tracked vehicles | H | 17/21*** |\n\n| Mowing machine or pedestrian-controlled vehicle | K | 16 |\n\n*If you\u2019re 16 you can only drive tractors less than 2.45 metres wide and tow trailers less than 2.45 metres wide with 2 wheels, or 4 wheels close-coupled (close together).\n\n**If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 these must be small road road-rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot be steam powered, weigh more than 11,960kg or be made for carrying loads.\n\n***If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 the Maximum Authorised Mass (MAM) of the vehicle cannot be more than 3,500kg. (Maximum Authorised Mass is the maximum weight of a vehicle including the maximum load that can be carried safely while used on the road.)\n\n## Practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle\n\nYou can get a provisional licence for a tractor or specialist vehicle at 16, but you cannot practise driving them on the road until you\u2019re 17.\n\nThe only exception is when you\u2019re driving to or from your practical driving test.\n\nYou must be accompanied by a qualified driver if the vehicle was made with a passenger seat. Removing a seat is not allowed.\n\n## Other rules for practising\n\nYou need to display L plates (L or D plates in Wales) when you\u2019re practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle on public roads.\n\nYour vehicle must also be properly insured and roadworthy.\n\n## Finding an instructor\n\nYou might be able to use an approved driving instructor (ADI) if you\u2019re learning to drive a vehicle with controls similar to a car and with 2 front seats.\n\nYour instructor may have to walk alongside you calling out advice if your vehicle does not have space for 2 people on board.\n\n## Driving tests for tractors and specialist vehicles\n\nThe type of driving test you have to do depends on the type of vehicle.\n\n## Category F, G, H or K vehicles\n\nThe examiner will give you instructions at the side of the road and watch how you:\n\n- drive as you go around left and right circuits\n\n- turn round using forward and reverse gears\n\nFor very slow vehicles, like pedestrian-controlled vehicles, your examiner may walk near you where they can watch your driving.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have an eyesight test and at the end of the category F, G, H or K test, you\u2019ll be asked 5 questions on the Highway Code and other motoring matters. You\u2019ll then be asked to identify 6 different traffic signs.\n\n## Category H tests\n\nIn category H driving tests you need to drive the vehicle backwards and turn it around, using its tracks, so it\u2019s facing the opposite direction.\n\nYour examiner will tell you how you should make this manoeuvre.\n\n## Documents you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring either:\n\n- a valid, signed photocard driving licence from the UK or an EU country\n\n- an old-style valid, signed UK paper driving licence along with a valid passport\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou might be able to apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Rules for test vehicles\n\nAll test vehicles have to meet certain rules, depending on their category.\n\n## Category B1 - quadricycles and light 4-wheeled vehicles\n\nYou can only take a test on a category B1 vehicle if you\u2019re registered as disabled.\n\nThe vehicle must:\n\n- weigh no more than 550kg unladen\n\n- be able to drive at 37mph\n\n## Category F - tractors\n\nCategory F includes tractors with 2 or more axles, built for off-road agriculture or forestry work.\n\n## Category G - road rollers\n\nIf you\u2019re between 17 and 20, these must be small road rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot:\n\n- be steam powered\n\n- weigh more than 11,690kg\n\n- be made for carrying loads\n\n## Category H - tracked vehicles\n\nCategory H vehicles must have adequate all-round visibility to let the driver carry out manoeuvres and deal with junctions safely.\n\nAny vehicle needing a second person to help with observation, such as a military vehicle, cannot be used for a category H test.\n\n## Category K - mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles\n\nA mowing machine is a specialist ride-on grass-cutting vehicle with permanent cutting equipment. You must be 16 to use this type of vehicle.\n\nA pedestrian-controlled vehicle is where the operator walks with but doesn\u2019t ride on the vehicle. You do not need a licence to operate one.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Driving licence requirements

    ", + "

    If you pass a regular car driving test (category B) you\u2019ll get entitlement to drive:

    ", + "
  • agricultural tractors (category F)
    • ", + "
  • mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles (category K)
    • ", + "

    For all other categories you need the correct full licence to drive the tractor or special vehicle on the road.

    ", + "

    To get this you first need to get the right provisional driving licence entitlement and then pass a tractor or specialist vehicle driving test.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not need a licence to drive or operate:

    ", + "
  • a tractor or specialist vehicle off the public road (there are age limits)
    • ", + "
  • pedestrian-controlled mowing machines (you must be at least 16)
    • ", + "
  • electric bikes
    • ", + "
  • mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs
    • ", + "

    You do need a driving licence to drive quad bikes on the road.

    ", + "

    Road rollers and tracked vehicles

    ", + "

    You need a full category B car licence with provisional entitlement for categories G and H to drive:

    ", + "
  • road rollers (category G)
    • ", + "
  • tracked vehicles (category H)
    • ", + "

    Find out how to add higher categories to your driving licence.

    ", + "

    Age limits

    ", + " | Category | Minimum age", + "Agricultural tractors | F | 16/17*", + "Road rollers | G | 21**", + "Tracked vehicles | H | 17/21***", + "Mowing machine or pedestrian-controlled vehicle | K | 16", + "

    *If you\u2019re 16 you can only drive tractors less than 2.45 metres wide and tow trailers less than 2.45 metres wide with 2 wheels, or 4 wheels close-coupled (close together).

    ", + "

    **If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 these must be small road road-rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot be steam powered, weigh more than 11,960kg or be made for carrying loads.

    ", + "

    ***If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 the Maximum Authorised Mass (MAM) of the vehicle cannot be more than 3,500kg. (Maximum Authorised Mass is the maximum weight of a vehicle including the maximum load that can be carried safely while used on the road.)

    ", + "

    Practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle

    ", + "

    You can get a provisional licence for a tractor or specialist vehicle at 16, but you cannot practise driving them on the road until you\u2019re 17.

    ", + "

    The only exception is when you\u2019re driving to or from your practical driving test.

    ", + "

    You must be accompanied by a qualified driver if the vehicle was made with a passenger seat. Removing a seat is not allowed.

    ", + "

    Other rules for practising

    ", + "

    You need to display L plates (L or D plates in Wales) when you\u2019re practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle on public roads.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must also be properly insured and roadworthy.

    ", + "

    Finding an instructor

    ", + "

    You might be able to use an approved driving instructor (ADI) if you\u2019re learning to drive a vehicle with controls similar to a car and with 2 front seats.

    ", + "

    Your instructor may have to walk alongside you calling out advice if your vehicle does not have space for 2 people on board.

    ", + "

    Driving tests for tractors and specialist vehicles

    ", + "

    The type of driving test you have to do depends on the type of vehicle.

    ", + "

    Category F, G, H or K vehicles

    ", + "

    The examiner will give you instructions at the side of the road and watch how you:

    ", + "
  • drive as you go around left and right circuits
    • ", + "
  • turn round using forward and reverse gears
    • ", + "

    For very slow vehicles, like pedestrian-controlled vehicles, your examiner may walk near you where they can watch your driving.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have an eyesight test and at the end of the category F, G, H or K test, you\u2019ll be asked 5 questions on the Highway Code and other motoring matters. You\u2019ll then be asked to identify 6 different traffic signs.

    ", + "

    Category H tests

    ", + "

    In category H driving tests you need to drive the vehicle backwards and turn it around, using its tracks, so it\u2019s facing the opposite direction.

    ", + "

    Your examiner will tell you how you should make this manoeuvre.

    ", + "

    Documents you need to bring to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring either:

    ", + "
  • a valid, signed photocard driving licence from the UK or an EU country
    • ", + "
  • an old-style valid, signed UK paper driving licence along with a valid passport
    • ", + "

    Cancelled tests

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) cancels your test at short notice.

    ", + "

    Rules for test vehicles

    ", + "

    All test vehicles have to meet certain rules, depending on their category.

    ", + "

    Category B1 - quadricycles and light 4-wheeled vehicles

    ", + "

    You can only take a test on a category B1 vehicle if you\u2019re registered as disabled.

    ", + "

    The vehicle must:

    ", + "
  • weigh no more than 550kg unladen
    • ", + "
  • be able to drive at 37mph
    • ", + "

    Category F - tractors

    ", + "

    Category F includes tractors with 2 or more axles, built for off-road agriculture or forestry work.

    ", + "

    Category G - road rollers

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re between 17 and 20, these must be small road rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot:

    ", + "
  • be steam powered
    • ", + "
  • weigh more than 11,690kg
    • ", + "
  • be made for carrying loads
    • ", + "

    Category H - tracked vehicles

    ", + "

    Category H vehicles must have adequate all-round visibility to let the driver carry out manoeuvres and deal with junctions safely.

    ", + "

    Any vehicle needing a second person to help with observation, such as a military vehicle, cannot be used for a category H test.

    ", + "

    Category K - mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles

    ", + "

    A mowing machine is a specialist ride-on grass-cutting vehicle with permanent cutting equipment. You must be 16 to use this type of vehicle.

    ", + "

    A pedestrian-controlled vehicle is where the operator walks with but doesn\u2019t ride on the vehicle. You do not need a licence to operate one.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-details-registration-certificate": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-details-registration-certificate", + "title": "Change vehicle details on a V5C registration certificate (log book)", + "content": "## When you need to update your V5C\n\nYou must update the details on your registration certificate (V5C) to tell DVLA about:\n\n- mistakes on your V5C\n\n- most changes you make to your vehicle\n\nYou cannot change tax class by updating your V5C. You do this by changing your vehicle tax - even if you\u2019re changing to a tax class that\u2019s exempt from vehicle tax, for example \u2018disabled\u2019.\n\n## Changes you need to update\n\nYou must update your V5C if you change any of the following:\n\n- colour\n\n- engine\n\n- cylinder capacity (cc)\n\n- fuel type\n\n- chassis or bodyshell (replaced or modified)\n\n- seating capacity\n\n- weight of a large vehicle, for example goods vehicle or campervan\n\n## Changes that may need inspection\n\nYou must also update your V5C if you change any of the following:\n\n- wheel plan\n\n- body type, for example you convert a van to a campervan or \u2019motor caravan\u2019 (DVLA gives a body type description based on the vehicle\u2019s external appearance)\n\n- vehicle identification number (VIN)\n\n- chassis number\n\n- frame number for motorbikes\n\nDVLA will tell you if they need to inspect the change.\n\n## What evidence to give\n\nYou must give DVLA evidence or written confirmation if you make any of the following changes to your vehicle. Your V5C update will be rejected if you do not.\n\n## Change of engine number or cylinder capacity (cc)\n\nYou need to provide either:\n\n- a receipt for the replacement engine\n\n- written evidence from the manufacturer\n\n- an inspection report provided for insurance purposes\n\n- written confirmation on headed paper from a garage (if the change took place before you bought the vehicle)\n\n## Change of fuel type\n\nYou need to provide evidence if:\n\n- your existing engine is converted \u2013 the confirmation must be on headed paper from the garage that did the work\n\n- a new engine is fitted \u2013 provide the receipt as confirmation\n\n## Change of weight of a larger vehicle\n\nIf you change the weight of a large vehicle (for example, a campervan or goods vehicle), you\u2019ll need to provide either:\n\n- a plating certificate\n\n- a design weight certificate\n\n## Change of body type to motor caravan\n\nCheck what evidence you need when you convert a van to a campervan or motor caravan.\n\n## How to update your V5C\n\nFill in section 1 if you have a new style log book with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover. Fill in section 7 if you have the older style log book.\n\nSend it to DVLA with any necessary evidence.\n\nIf the change is not listed in section 1 or 7, add notes to the \u2018vehicle details\u2019 section instead. Send it to DVLA with evidence and a letter explaining the change.\n\n## Where to send your V5C\n\nSend your V5C to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1DZ if you changed any of the following:\n\n- engine size (cc)\n\n- fuel type\n\n- weight of a goods vehicle\n\n- number of seats on a bus\n\nFor all other changes, send your V5C to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1BA.\n\n## What happens next\n\nDVLA will contact you to:\n\n- confirm the change or tell you if it needs an inspection\n\n- tell you if the change means you have to pay more vehicle tax\n\nIt may take longer than usual to get your replacement V5C because of coronavirus (COVID-19).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you need to update your V5C

    ", + "

    You must update the details on your registration certificate (V5C) to tell DVLA about:

    ", + "
  • mistakes on your V5C
    • ", + "
  • most changes you make to your vehicle
    • ", + "

    You cannot change tax class by updating your V5C. You do this by changing your vehicle tax - even if you\u2019re changing to a tax class that\u2019s exempt from vehicle tax, for example \u2018disabled\u2019.

    ", + "

    Changes you need to update

    ", + "

    You must update your V5C if you change any of the following:

    ", + "
  • colour
    • ", + "
  • engine
    • ", + "
  • cylinder capacity (cc)
    • ", + "
  • fuel type
    • ", + "
  • chassis or bodyshell (replaced or modified)
    • ", + "
  • seating capacity
    • ", + "
  • weight of a large vehicle, for example goods vehicle or campervan
    • ", + "

    Changes that may need inspection

    ", + "

    You must also update your V5C if you change any of the following:

    ", + "
  • wheel plan
    • ", + "
  • body type, for example you convert a van to a campervan or \u2019motor caravan\u2019 (DVLA gives a body type description based on the vehicle\u2019s external appearance)
    • ", + "
  • vehicle identification number (VIN)
    • ", + "
  • chassis number
    • ", + "
  • frame number for motorbikes
    • ", + "

    DVLA will tell you if they need to inspect the change.

    ", + "

    What evidence to give

    ", + "

    You must give DVLA evidence or written confirmation if you make any of the following changes to your vehicle. Your V5C update will be rejected if you do not.

    ", + "

    Change of engine number or cylinder capacity (cc)

    ", + "

    You need to provide either:

    ", + "
  • a receipt for the replacement engine
    • ", + "
  • written evidence from the manufacturer
    • ", + "
  • an inspection report provided for insurance purposes
    • ", + "
  • written confirmation on headed paper from a garage (if the change took place before you bought the vehicle)
    • ", + "

    Change of fuel type

    ", + "

    You need to provide evidence if:

    ", + "
  • your existing engine is converted \u2013 the confirmation must be on headed paper from the garage that did the work
    • ", + "
  • a new engine is fitted \u2013 provide the receipt as confirmation
    • ", + "

    Change of weight of a larger vehicle

    ", + "

    If you change the weight of a large vehicle (for example, a campervan or goods vehicle), you\u2019ll need to provide either:

    ", + "
  • a plating certificate
    • ", + "
  • a design weight certificate
    • ", + "

    Change of body type to motor caravan

    ", + "

    Check what evidence you need when you convert a van to a campervan or motor caravan.

    ", + "

    How to update your V5C

    ", + "

    Fill in section 1 if you have a new style log book with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover. Fill in section 7 if you have the older style log book.

    ", + "

    Send it to DVLA with any necessary evidence.

    ", + "

    If the change is not listed in section 1 or 7, add notes to the \u2018vehicle details\u2019 section instead. Send it to DVLA with evidence and a letter explaining the change.

    ", + "

    Where to send your V5C

    ", + "

    Send your V5C to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1DZ if you changed any of the following:

    ", + "
  • engine size (cc)
    • ", + "
  • fuel type
    • ", + "
  • weight of a goods vehicle
    • ", + "
  • number of seats on a bus
    • ", + "

    For all other changes, send your V5C to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1BA.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    DVLA will contact you to:

    ", + "
  • confirm the change or tell you if it needs an inspection
    • ", + "
  • tell you if the change means you have to pay more vehicle tax
    • ", + "

    It may take longer than usual to get your replacement V5C because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/displaying-number-plates": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/displaying-number-plates", + "title": "Displaying number plates", + "content": "## Overview\n\nNumber plates (also known as licence plates) must show your registration number correctly. You cannot rearrange letters or numbers, or alter them so that they\u2019re hard to read.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a31,000 and your vehicle will fail its MOT test if you drive with incorrectly displayed number plates.\n\nThe current vehicle registration number format was introduced in 2001. It consists of:\n\n- 2 letters (these refer to the region in the country where your vehicle was first registered)\n\n- 2 numbers (these tell you when it was issued)\n\n- 3 letters chosen at random\n\nYou can get theft-resistant number plates - these make it harder for someone to remove them from your vehicle quickly and reuse them. Ask your local car dealer or registered number plate supplier for more information.\n\nYou can also get personalised number plates.\n\n## Rules for number plates\n\nThe number plates on your vehicle must:\n\n- be made from a reflective material\n\n- display black characters on a white background (front plate)\n\n- display black characters on a yellow background (rear plate)\n\n- not have a background pattern\n\nCharacters on a number plate can be 3D.\n\n## If you ride a motorbike or motor tricycle\n\nMotorcycles and motor tricycles registered on or after 1 September 2001 must only display a number plate at the rear of the vehicle.\n\nIf you ride a motorbike or motor tricycle registered before 1 September 2001 you can also display a number plate at the front, but you do not have to.\n\nMotorcycle and motor tricycle number plate numbers should be on 2 lines.\n\n## Towing a trailer\n\nYour trailer must display the same number plate as the vehicle you\u2019re towing it with. If you\u2019re towing more than one trailer, the number plate must be fixed to the trailer at the back.\n\n## Taking commercial or heavy trailers abroad\n\nIf your trailer needs to be registered to go abroad, you need to fix the trailer registration plate to the back, as well as the towing vehicle\u2019s number plate.\n\nFix the trailer registration plate as far away as possible from the towing vehicle\u2019s number plate.\n\nIf you cannot fix the trailer registration plate on the back of your trailer, fix it to both sides instead. Make sure they\u2019re clearly visible.\n\n## Letter spacing, size and style\n\nThe characters on a number plate need to be a certain height and size.\n\nRead leaflet INF104: vehicle registration numbers and number plates - height and size measurement, for more information.\n\nIf you have a trailer, read leaflet INF291: trailer registration numbers and number plates.\n\n## Getting number plates made up\n\nYou can only get a number plate made up from a registered number plate supplier.\n\nThe supplier will need to see original documents that:\n\n- prove your name and address\n\n- show you\u2019re allowed to use the registration number\n\n## Identity documents\n\nYou can use the following to confirm your name and address:\n\n- driving licence\n\n- utility, Council Tax or rates bill from the last 6 months\n\n- bank or building society statement from the last 6 months\n\n- national identity card\n\nThe following will confirm your name only:\n\n- passport - does not have to be issued in the UK\n\n- bank or building society debit or credit card\n\n- police warrant card\n\n- armed forces identity card\n\n## Proving you can use the registration number\n\nYou must bring one of the following to show you\u2019re allowed to display the registration number:\n\n- vehicle registration certificate (V5C or V5CNI)\n\n- green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip from the V5C or V5CNI\n\n- certificate of entitlement (V750 or V750NI) to the number\n\n- retention document (V778)\n\n- a renewal reminder for vehicle tax or SORN (V11 or V11NI)\n\n- temporary registration certificate (V379 or V379NI)\n\n- a number plate authorisation certificate (V948) with an official stamp from the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA)\n\n- an electronic number plate authorisation certificate (eV948 or eV948/2)\n\n- a letter of authorisation from a fleet operator (including lease or hire company) quoting the document reference number from the registration certificate\n\n- if your fleet is in the new V5C on demand scheme (also called \u2018V5C suppression\u2019), a PDF of the vehicle\u2019s details from the view vehicle record service\n\n- UK trailer registration certificate (VTRC)\n\n## Flags, symbols and identifiers\n\nYou can display one of the following flags with identifying letters on the left-hand side of the number plate:\n\n- Union flag (also known as the Union Jack)\n\n- Cross of St George\n\n- Cross of St Andrew - also known as the Saltire\n\n- Red Dragon of Wales\n\nThe letters, or national identifiers, you can have are:\n\n- GREAT BRITAIN, Great Britain or GB\n\n- UNITED KINGDOM, United Kingdom or UK\n\n- CYMRU, Cymru, CYM or Cym\n\n- ENGLAND, England, ENG, Eng\n\n- SCOTLAND, Scotland, SCO or Sco\n\n- WALES or Wales\n\nThe flag must be above the identifier. You cannot have the flag or letters on the number plate margin, and neither can be more than 50 millimetres wide.\n\n## Travelling in Europe\n\nIf your number plate includes the GB identifier with the Union flag (also known as the Union Jack), you do not need a GB sticker. But you will need to display a GB sticker clearly on the rear of your vehicle if your number plate has any of the following:\n\n- a Euro symbol\n\n- a national flag of England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- numbers and letters only - no flag or identifier\n\nIf you\u2019re in Spain, Cyprus or Malta, you must display a GB sticker no matter what is on your number plate.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Number plates (also known as licence plates) must show your registration number correctly. You cannot rearrange letters or numbers, or alter them so that they\u2019re hard to read.

    ", + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a31,000 and your vehicle will fail its MOT test if you drive with incorrectly displayed number plates.

    ", + "

    The current vehicle registration number format was introduced in 2001. It consists of:

    ", + "
  • 2 letters (these refer to the region in the country where your vehicle was first registered)
    • ", + "
  • 2 numbers (these tell you when it was issued)
    • ", + "
  • 3 letters chosen at random
    • ", + "

    You can get theft-resistant number plates - these make it harder for someone to remove them from your vehicle quickly and reuse them. Ask your local car dealer or registered number plate supplier for more information.

    ", + "

    You can also get personalised number plates.

    ", + "

    Rules for number plates

    ", + "

    The number plates on your vehicle must:

    ", + "
  • be made from a reflective material
    • ", + "
  • display black characters on a white background (front plate)
    • ", + "
  • display black characters on a yellow background (rear plate)
    • ", + "
  • not have a background pattern
    • ", + "

    Characters on a number plate can be 3D.

    ", + "

    If you ride a motorbike or motor tricycle

    ", + "

    Motorcycles and motor tricycles registered on or after 1 September 2001 must only display a number plate at the rear of the vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you ride a motorbike or motor tricycle registered before 1 September 2001 you can also display a number plate at the front, but you do not have to.

    ", + "

    Motorcycle and motor tricycle number plate numbers should be on 2 lines.

    ", + "

    Towing a trailer

    ", + "

    Your trailer must display the same number plate as the vehicle you\u2019re towing it with. If you\u2019re towing more than one trailer, the number plate must be fixed to the trailer at the back.

    ", + "

    Taking commercial or heavy trailers abroad

    ", + "

    If your trailer needs to be registered to go abroad, you need to fix the trailer registration plate to the back, as well as the towing vehicle\u2019s number plate.

    ", + "

    Fix the trailer registration plate as far away as possible from the towing vehicle\u2019s number plate.

    ", + "

    If you cannot fix the trailer registration plate on the back of your trailer, fix it to both sides instead. Make sure they\u2019re clearly visible.

    ", + "

    Letter spacing, size and style

    ", + "

    The characters on a number plate need to be a certain height and size.

    ", + "

    Read leaflet INF104: vehicle registration numbers and number plates - height and size measurement, for more information.

    ", + "

    If you have a trailer, read leaflet INF291: trailer registration numbers and number plates.

    ", + "

    Getting number plates made up

    ", + "

    You can only get a number plate made up from a registered number plate supplier.

    ", + "

    The supplier will need to see original documents that:

    ", + "
  • prove your name and address
    • ", + "
  • show you\u2019re allowed to use the registration number
    • ", + "

    Identity documents

    ", + "

    You can use the following to confirm your name and address:

    ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • utility, Council Tax or rates bill from the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society statement from the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • national identity card
    • ", + "

    The following will confirm your name only:

    ", + "
  • passport - does not have to be issued in the UK
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society debit or credit card
    • ", + "
  • police warrant card
    • ", + "
  • armed forces identity card
    • ", + "

    Proving you can use the registration number

    ", + "

    You must bring one of the following to show you\u2019re allowed to display the registration number:

    ", + "
  • vehicle registration certificate (V5C or V5CNI)
    • ", + "
  • green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip from the V5C or V5CNI
    • ", + "
  • certificate of entitlement (V750 or V750NI) to the number
    • ", + "
  • retention document (V778)
    • ", + "
  • a renewal reminder for vehicle tax or SORN (V11 or V11NI)
    • ", + "
  • temporary registration certificate (V379 or V379NI)
    • ", + "
  • a number plate authorisation certificate (V948) with an official stamp from the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA)
    • ", + "
  • an electronic number plate authorisation certificate (eV948 or eV948/2)
    • ", + "
  • a letter of authorisation from a fleet operator (including lease or hire company) quoting the document reference number from the registration certificate
    • ", + "
  • if your fleet is in the new V5C on demand scheme (also called \u2018V5C suppression\u2019), a PDF of the vehicle\u2019s details from the view vehicle record service
    • ", + "
  • UK trailer registration certificate (VTRC)
    • ", + "

    Flags, symbols and identifiers

    ", + "

    You can display one of the following flags with identifying letters on the left-hand side of the number plate:

    ", + "
  • Union flag (also known as the Union Jack)
    • ", + "
  • Cross of St George
    • ", + "
  • Cross of St Andrew - also known as the Saltire
    • ", + "
  • Red Dragon of Wales
    • ", + "

    The letters, or national identifiers, you can have are:

    ", + "
  • GREAT BRITAIN, Great Britain or GB
    • ", + "
  • UNITED KINGDOM, United Kingdom or UK
    • ", + "
  • CYMRU, Cymru, CYM or Cym
    • ", + "
  • ENGLAND, England, ENG, Eng
    • ", + "
  • SCOTLAND, Scotland, SCO or Sco
    • ", + "
  • WALES or Wales
    • ", + "

    The flag must be above the identifier. You cannot have the flag or letters on the number plate margin, and neither can be more than 50 millimetres wide.

    ", + "

    Travelling in Europe

    ", + "

    If your number plate includes the GB identifier with the Union flag (also known as the Union Jack), you do not need a GB sticker. But you will need to display a GB sticker clearly on the rear of your vehicle if your number plate has any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a Euro symbol
    • ", + "
  • a national flag of England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • numbers and letters only - no flag or identifier
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Spain, Cyprus or Malta, you must display a GB sticker no matter what is on your number plate.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/personalised-vehicle-registration-numbers": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/personalised-vehicle-registration-numbers", + "title": "Private (personalised) number plates", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can buy a private (personalised) registration for your vehicle\u2019s number plates from DVLA or from a private dealer.\n\nIf you have the right to a private number that is not currently being used, you can apply to assign it (put it on) to a vehicle.\n\n## Take a private number off (\u2018retention\u2019)\n\nIf you do not want to use your private number anymore you can apply to take it off your vehicle. You can keep the number (put it \u2018on retention\u2019) to use later.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a V778 retention document proving you still have the right to use the number.\n\n## Selling a private number\n\nYou can also sell your private number if you do not want to use it anymore.\n\nIf you\u2019re selling your private number online, do not share a scan or photograph of the V750 or V778 document. Someone other than the buyer might use it to put the private number on another vehicle.\n\n## Transfer a private number\n\nTo transfer a private number from one vehicle to another, you need to:\n\n- Take it off the vehicle you\u2019re transferring it from.\n\n- Assign it to the vehicle you\u2019re transferring it to.\n\nYou can also do this by post using form V317.\n\n## Buy a private number\n\n## Buy from DVLA\n\nYou can buy new numbers from DVLA Personalised Registrations.\n\n## Buying at DVLA auctions\n\nThere are auctions across the country about 5 times a year. You can see a list of the numbers coming up for auction.\n\nYou can bid in person, by phone, in writing or online.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a V750 certificate of entitlement once you\u2019ve paid for the private (personalised) number. This is to prove that you have the right to put the number on a vehicle (\u2018assign\u2019 it).\n\n## Buying from a private dealer or person\n\nYou can buy a private number from a dealer or from another person.\n\nMost dealers will transfer the number to your vehicle for you. If you want to keep or assign the number yourself, ask the dealer if you can have the V750 or V778.\n\n## Assign a private number to a vehicle\n\nTo assign a private (personalised) number to a vehicle, you need one of the following:\n\n- a V778 retention document\n\n- a V750 certificate of entitlement\n\n- an online reference number\n\nYou get one of these when you either buy a number or take a number from another vehicle you own.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- assign a number starting with \u2018Q\u2019 or \u2018NIQ\u2019\n\n- put a private number on a \u2018Q\u2019 registered vehicle\n\n- use a private number that makes a vehicle look newer than it is - for example, an \u201807\u2019 registration number on a 2003 registered vehicle\n\nThe vehicle must:\n\n- be registered with DVLA in the UK\n\n- be able to move under its own power\n\n- be of a type that needs an MOT or heavy goods vehicle (HGV) test certificate\n\n- have been taxed or had a SORN in place continuously for the past 5 years\n\n- be taxed currently (or have a SORN in place - if it\u2019s had a SORN for more than 5 years, it must be taxed)\n\n- be available for inspection\n\nDVLA will check your application and contact you if your vehicle needs an inspection.\n\n## Apply to assign a number\n\nIf the vehicle is:\n\n- registered to you - apply online or by post\n\n- a used vehicle you just bought - wait for DVLA to send you a new V5C in your name before you apply online or by post\n\n- brand new - give the dealer your V750 or V778 document and ask them to apply\n\n- registered to someone else and you want the private number to be transferred to them - apply online or by post\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply online or by post. You need the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C).\n\nIf you already have a private number on your vehicle, apply to take it off first. You could lose the right to use the number if you do not.\n\n## Apply online\n\nThe number will be assigned immediately if your vehicle does not need an inspection. Be ready to put new number plates on the vehicle as soon as you\u2019ve applied.\n\nAssign a number online\n\nThis service is open from 7am to 7pm. It\u2019s also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIt is taking longer than usual to process paper applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nSend all of the following documents to DVLA:\n\n- the completed V750 or V778 - the address is on the form\n\n- the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C) or green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip with a completed V62 \u2018application for a vehicle registration certificate V5C\u2019\n\nIf you\u2019re assigning the number to someone else\u2019s vehicle, add them as a \u2018nominee\u2019 - complete section 2 of the V750 or V778.\n\nTo tax your vehicle at the same time, include all of the following:\n\n- a V10 \u2018application for vehicle tax\u2019 form\n\n- the right amount of vehicle tax\n\n- an MOT certificate\n\n## After you assign a private number\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent:\n\n- a new log book (V5C) - it can take 4 to 6 weeks to arrive\n\n- your original MOT back (if you sent it to tax the vehicle)\n\nYou must put new number plates on the vehicle before you drive it.\n\nYou can keep the original registration number and plates - they\u2019ll be reassigned to the vehicle when you take off the private number.\n\nYou must not sell or get rid of a vehicle until you get the new log book (V5C).\n\n## Who to tell about your new registration number\n\nYou must tell your insurance company.\n\nUpdate your registration number for any automatic payment accounts you have, for example to pay:\n\n- the Congestion Charge\n\n- the Low Emission Zone Charge\n\n- the Ultra Low Emission Zone Charge\n\n- the Dart Charge\n\n- charges for driving in Clean Air Zones\n\nYou may get a penalty charge if you do not update your registration details and enter one of these zones.\n\nIf your vehicle has Clean Vehicle Retrofit Accreditation scheme certification, you also need to tell them your new registration number.\n\n## Take a private number off a vehicle\n\nYou can apply to take a private (personalised) number off a vehicle if you want to either:\n\n- keep the number to use later\n\n- assign it to another vehicle\n\nYou cannot keep a number starting with \u2018Q\u2019 or \u2018NIQ\u2019.\n\nThe vehicle\u2019s original registration number is usually reassigned to it automatically when you take off a private number.\n\nIf your application is successful you\u2019ll be sent a V778 retention document and a new log book (V5C).\n\nYou must have your V778 and new log book before you scrap or sell your vehicle - otherwise you\u2019ll lose the right to use the private number.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThe vehicle must:\n\n- be registered with DVLA in the UK\n\n- be able to move under its own power\n\n- be of a type that needs an MOT or heavy goods vehicle (HGV) test certificate\n\n- have been taxed or had a SORN in place continuously for the past 5 years\n\n- be taxed currently (or have a SORN in place - if it\u2019s had a SORN for more than 5 years, it must be taxed)\n\n- be available for inspection\n\nDVLA will check your application and contact you if your vehicle needs an inspection.\n\n## Apply to take off a number\n\nYou can apply online or by post. It costs \u00a380. You must have the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C).\n\nIf the vehicle\u2019s not in your name, you have to apply by post.\n\n## Apply online\n\nThe number will be removed immediately if your vehicle does not need an inspection.\n\nYou can assign the number to another vehicle as soon as you\u2019ve applied to take it off - use the reference number you get after you apply.\n\nTake off a number online\n\nThis service is open from 7am to 7pm. It\u2019s also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIt is taking longer than usual to process paper applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nSend all of the following to DVLA:\n\n- a V317 \u2018transfer or retain a vehicle registration number\u2019 form - the address is on the form\n\n- the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C) or green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip with a completed V62 \u2018application for a vehicle registration certificate V5C\u2019\n\n- the \u00a380 transfer fee\n\nTo tax your vehicle at the same time, send all of the following:\n\n- a V10 \u2018application for vehicle tax\u2019 form\n\n- the right amount of vehicle tax\n\n- an MOT certificate\n\n## After you apply\n\nYour original number plate will usually be reassigned to your vehicle automatically, if your application is successful. This will happen straight away.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent:\n\n- a new log book (V5C) showing the vehicle\u2019s replacement registration number - it can take 4 to 6 weeks to arrive\n\n- your original MOT back (if you sent it to tax the vehicle)\n\n- a V778 retention document if the private number is in your name\n\nIf the private number is in someone else\u2019s name, the V778 document will be sent to them.\n\nBefore you can drive your vehicle, you must:\n\n- put the original or new number plates on the vehicle before you drive it\n\n- tell your insurance company your new registration number\n\n## Who to tell about your new registration number\n\nYou must tell your insurance company.\n\nUpdate your registration number for any automatic payment accounts you have, for example to pay:\n\n- the Congestion Charge\n\n- the Low Emission Zone Charge\n\n- the Ultra Low Emission Zone Charge\n\n- the Dart Charge\n\n- charges for driving in Clean Air Zones\n\nYou may get a penalty charge if you do not update your registration details and enter one of these zones.\n\nIf your vehicle has Clean Vehicle Retrofit Accreditation scheme certification, you also need to tell them your new registration number.\n\n## What happens to the private number\n\nYour V778 retention document proves that you still have the right to assign the private number for the next 10 years.\n\nYou must renew your right to use a private number before the V778 expires.\n\nYou can give up your right to use the private number if you decide not to assign it.\n\n## Renew or replace your private number\n\nYou must renew your right to use your private (personalised) number every 10 years if it\u2019s not being used on a vehicle. If you got your private number before 2015, you must renew it more often - check your V750 or V778 document.\n\nYou\u2019ll permanently lose the right to use the number if you do not renew it before the expiry date. DVLA will not accept applications made after that date.\n\n## Renew your V750 certificate of entitlement or V778 retention document\n\nYou can apply to renew your V750 or V778 up to 28 days before it expires. Do not apply earlier than this or your application may be refused.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a reminder letter or email if you\u2019re not using a private number and your right to use it is about to run out.\n\nYou can renew it for up to 10 years, and it does not cost anything to do.\n\n## Renew your V750 online\n\nYou can renew your V750 by creating a DVLA personalised registration account or by using your existing account.\n\n## Renew by post\n\nFill in the form on the V750 or V778.\n\nSend the V750 or V778 to the address on the form.\n\n## Replace a lost or stolen V750 or V778\n\nYou can send a letter to DVLA Personalised Registrations to ask for a replacement V750 or V778 if:\n\n- it has not expired\n\n- you\u2019re the person with the right to use the number (your name will have been on the V778 or V750 as the \u2018grantee\u2019)\n\nIt\u2019ll take around 3 to 4 weeks for the new V750 or V778 to arrive.\n\n## If your address or name has changed\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include an extra document with your letter.\n\nIf your address has changed, include proof of your identity. This can be a copy of:\n\n- a household bill sent to you in the last 3 months\n\n- your Council Tax bill for this year\n\n- a bank or building society statement sent to you in the last 3 months\n\n- a medical card\n\n- your current British driving licence\n\n- your passport\n\n- your birth certificate\n\nIf your name has changed, include proof of your name change. This can be a copy of:\n\n- your marriage certificate\n\n- the decree nisi or decree absolute from your divorce\n\n- a deed poll to show you\u2019ve changed your name legally\n\n## Sell or give a private number to someone else\n\nYou can sell or give a private (personalised) number to someone. The number must be assigned to their vehicle before they can use it.\n\nIf you\u2019re giving a number to someone, follow the steps for assigning your private number to someone else.\n\n## Selling your private number\n\nYou can use a private number dealer or sell your number yourself.\n\nDo not share a photograph or scan of the V750 or V778 document. Someone other than the buyer might use it to put the private number on another vehicle.\n\n## Use a private number dealer\n\nMost dealers will find a buyer, arrange the payment and transfer the number to the buyer\u2019s vehicle for you.\n\n## Sell your private number yourself\n\nAfter you find a buyer, you\u2019ll need to assign your number to their vehicle. Follow the steps for assigning your private number to someone else.\n\n## Assign your private number to someone else\n\nYou can put your private number on someone else\u2019s vehicle online or by post.\n\nAfter that, DVLA will send a replacement log book for the vehicle but with the new private number assigned to it.\n\n## Online\n\nYou\u2019ll need details from:\n\n- the log book (V5C) of the vehicle you\u2019re assigning the number to\n\n- your V778 or V750\n\nThe number will usually be assigned immediately.\n\nAssign a number online\n\nThis service is open from 7am to 7pm. It\u2019s also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## By post\n\nSend DVLA:\n\n- your V778 or V750 form - fill in sections 1 and 2 and sign it first\n\n- the log book (V5C) for the vehicle you want to put the private number on\n\nThe address is on the form.\n\n## If the nominee dies\n\nThe person who has the right to use the private number can change the \u2018nominee\u2019 (the person you\u2019re giving the number to). Fill in section 2 of the V750 or V778 with the new nominee\u2019s details, sign the form and send it to:\n\n## Change your name or address\n\nYou can change your address or name on your V750 or V778 certificate.\n\n## Change your address online - V750 only\n\nUse your DVLA personalised registration account.\n\n## Change your address by post - V750 or V778\n\nFill in the \u2018change of address\u2019 section on your V750 or V778. Sign it and send it to DVLA Personalised Registrations.\n\n## If you do not have your V750 or V778\n\nWrite a letter saying what your new address is. Sign it and send it to DVLA Personalised Registrations with proof of your identity. This can be a copy of:\n\n- a household bill sent to you in the last 3 months\n\n- your Council Tax bill for this year\n\n- a bank or building society statement sent to you in the last 3 months\n\n- a medical card\n\n- your current British driving licence\n\n- your passport\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n## Change your name - V750 or V778\n\nYou can only change your name by post. You\u2019ll need proof of your name change - this can be a copy of:\n\n- your marriage certificate\n\n- the decree nisi or decree absolute from your divorce\n\n- a deed poll to show you\u2019ve changed your name legally\n\nFill in the \u2018nominee details\u2019 section on your V750 or V778. Sign it and send it to DVLA Personalised Registrations with proof of your name change.\n\n## If you do not have your V750 or V778\n\nWrite a letter saying what your new name is. Sign it and send it to DVLA Personalised Registrations with proof of your name change.\n\n## Fix mistakes\n\nWrite a letter saying what the mistakes are. Send it with the V750 or V778 to DVLA Personalised Registrations.\n\n## Give up your right to use a private number\n\nYou might get a refund of \u00a380 if you have the right to use a private number but you decide not to assign it to a vehicle.\n\nThis refunds the \u00a380 fee you paid when you either:\n\n- bought the number (the fee was included in the cost)\n\n- took the number off a vehicle\n\nYou can apply for a refund if:\n\n- the number was not assigned to any vehicle after you paid the fee\n\n- you have the latest V778 or V750 document - if you\u2019ve lost it and it\u2019s still valid you can get a replacement from DVLA\n\nIf the document was issued before 9 March 2015, you can only get a refund once it expires. You cannot get a replacement document if it\u2019s expired.\n\nTick the \u2018Give up the right to this registered number (surrender)\u2019 section of the V778 or V750 document, sign it and send it to:\n\nYou cannot use the private number after you give up your right to it.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if the person with the right to use the private number has died.\n\n## If the person with the right to use the private number dies\n\nIf someone has died and left you a personalised number in their will, or you\u2019re in charge of the will (an \u2018executor\u2019), you can:\n\n- keep the private number\n\n- transfer it to another vehicle\n\n- put it in someone else\u2019s name\n\n- give up the right to use the number (you can apply for a refund)\n\nTo do this, you\u2019ll need to send a form to DVLA, along with documents that prove you have the right to use the number.\n\n## Prove you\u2019ve got the right to use the number\n\nYou must send DVLA the death certificate when you send in your form. The death certificate can be an original or a certified copy.\n\nYou must also send at least one of the following:\n\n- a certified copy of probate\n\n- a copy of the will\n\n- a letter from the solicitor confirming who the executors are or next of kin is\n\n## Keep or transfer the number, or give it to someone else\n\nWhich form you send depends on whether the number is already on (\u2018assigned to\u2019) a vehicle.\n\n## If the number is already assigned to a vehicle\n\nFill in:\n\n- the V317 form (if you have an old blue form, fill in section 2)\n\n- section 2 if you have a new style log book (with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover) or section 6 if you have the older style log book\n\nMake sure you include the details of the person you want to transfer the number to, for example an executor or next of kin.\n\nIt costs \u00a380.\n\n## If the number has not been assigned to a vehicle\n\nSend the documents that prove you\u2019ve got the right to use the number and either the:\n\n- V778 retention document\n\n- V750 certificate of entitlement form\n\nThe executors must sign the V778 or V750 before you send it.\n\nYou must also send a covering letter from the executors saying if you want to:\n\n- keep the number\n\n- give the number to someone else\n\n## If you do not have the V778 or V750\n\nSend DVLA:\n\n- the documents that prove you have the right to use the number\n\n- a covering letter signed by all the executors confirming that you do not have the forms, and explaining what you want to do with the number\n\n## Give up your right to use the private number\n\nYou might be able to get a refund of the \u00a380 assignment fee if:\n\n- a private number was not assigned to a vehicle after the fee was paid\n\n- you have the latest V778 or V750 document - if you\u2019ve lost it and it\u2019s still valid you can get a replacement from DVLA\n\nCheck the V778 or V750 document to find out if a fee was paid.\n\nIf the document was issued before 9 March 2015, you can only get a refund once it expires. You cannot get a replacement document if it\u2019s expired.\n\nSend DVLA:\n\n- the V778 or V750 document - tick the \u2018Refund of the assignment fee\u2019 section and get all the executors to sign it\n\n- the documents that prove you have the right to use the number\n\n## If you do not have the V778 or V750\n\nSend DVLA:\n\n- the documents that prove you have the right to use the number\n\n- a covering letter signed by the all the executors confirming that you do not have the forms, and explaining what you want to do with the number", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can buy a private (personalised) registration for your vehicle\u2019s number plates from DVLA or from a private dealer.

    ", + "

    If you have the right to a private number that is not currently being used, you can apply to assign it (put it on) to a vehicle.

    ", + "

    Take a private number off (\u2018retention\u2019)

    ", + "

    If you do not want to use your private number anymore you can apply to take it off your vehicle. You can keep the number (put it \u2018on retention\u2019) to use later.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a V778 retention document proving you still have the right to use the number.

    ", + "

    Selling a private number

    ", + "

    You can also sell your private number if you do not want to use it anymore.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling your private number online, do not share a scan or photograph of the V750 or V778 document. Someone other than the buyer might use it to put the private number on another vehicle.

    ", + "

    Transfer a private number

    ", + "

    To transfer a private number from one vehicle to another, you need to:

    ", + "
  • Take it off the vehicle you\u2019re transferring it from.
    • ", + "
  • Assign it to the vehicle you\u2019re transferring it to.
    • ", + "

    You can also do this by post using form V317.

    ", + "

    Buy a private number

    ", + "

    Buy from DVLA

    ", + "

    You can buy new numbers from DVLA Personalised Registrations.

    ", + "

    Buying at DVLA auctions

    ", + "

    There are auctions across the country about 5 times a year. You can see a list of the numbers coming up for auction.

    ", + "

    You can bid in person, by phone, in writing or online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a V750 certificate of entitlement once you\u2019ve paid for the private (personalised) number. This is to prove that you have the right to put the number on a vehicle (\u2018assign\u2019 it).

    ", + "

    Buying from a private dealer or person

    ", + "

    You can buy a private number from a dealer or from another person.

    ", + "

    Most dealers will transfer the number to your vehicle for you. If you want to keep or assign the number yourself, ask the dealer if you can have the V750 or V778.

    ", + "

    Assign a private number to a vehicle

    ", + "

    To assign a private (personalised) number to a vehicle, you need one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a V778 retention document
    • ", + "
  • a V750 certificate of entitlement
    • ", + "
  • an online reference number
    • ", + "

    You get one of these when you either buy a number or take a number from another vehicle you own.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • assign a number starting with \u2018Q\u2019 or \u2018NIQ\u2019
    • ", + "
  • put a private number on a \u2018Q\u2019 registered vehicle
    • ", + "
  • use a private number that makes a vehicle look newer than it is - for example, an \u201807\u2019 registration number on a 2003 registered vehicle
    • ", + "

    The vehicle must:

    ", + "
  • be registered with DVLA in the UK
    • ", + "
  • be able to move under its own power
    • ", + "
  • be of a type that needs an MOT or heavy goods vehicle (HGV) test certificate
    • ", + "
  • have been taxed or had a SORN in place continuously for the past 5 years
    • ", + "
  • be taxed currently (or have a SORN in place - if it\u2019s had a SORN for more than 5 years, it must be taxed)
    • ", + "
  • be available for inspection
    • ", + "

    DVLA will check your application and contact you if your vehicle needs an inspection.

    ", + "

    Apply to assign a number

    ", + "

    If the vehicle is:

    ", + "
  • registered to you - apply online or by post
    • ", + "
  • a used vehicle you just bought - wait for DVLA to send you a new V5C in your name before you apply online or by post
    • ", + "
  • brand new - give the dealer your V750 or V778 document and ask them to apply
    • ", + "
  • registered to someone else and you want the private number to be transferred to them - apply online or by post
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply online or by post. You need the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C).

    ", + "

    If you already have a private number on your vehicle, apply to take it off first. You could lose the right to use the number if you do not.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    The number will be assigned immediately if your vehicle does not need an inspection. Be ready to put new number plates on the vehicle as soon as you\u2019ve applied.

    ", + "

    Assign a number online

    ", + "

    This service is open from 7am to 7pm. It\u2019s also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    It is taking longer than usual to process paper applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Send all of the following documents to DVLA:

    ", + "
  • the completed V750 or V778 - the address is on the form
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C) or green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip with a completed V62 \u2018application for a vehicle registration certificate V5C\u2019
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re assigning the number to someone else\u2019s vehicle, add them as a \u2018nominee\u2019 - complete section 2 of the V750 or V778.

    ", + "

    To tax your vehicle at the same time, include all of the following:

    ", + "
  • a V10 \u2018application for vehicle tax\u2019 form
    • ", + "
  • the right amount of vehicle tax
    • ", + "
  • an MOT certificate
    • ", + "

    After you assign a private number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent:

    ", + "
  • a new log book (V5C) - it can take 4 to 6 weeks to arrive
    • ", + "
  • your original MOT back (if you sent it to tax the vehicle)
    • ", + "

    You must put new number plates on the vehicle before you drive it.

    ", + "

    You can keep the original registration number and plates - they\u2019ll be reassigned to the vehicle when you take off the private number.

    ", + "

    You must not sell or get rid of a vehicle until you get the new log book (V5C).

    ", + "

    Who to tell about your new registration number

    ", + "

    You must tell your insurance company.

    ", + "

    Update your registration number for any automatic payment accounts you have, for example to pay:

    ", + "
  • the Congestion Charge
    • ", + "
  • the Low Emission Zone Charge
    • ", + "
  • the Ultra Low Emission Zone Charge
    • ", + "
  • the Dart Charge
    • ", + "
  • charges for driving in Clean Air Zones
    • ", + "

    You may get a penalty charge if you do not update your registration details and enter one of these zones.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has Clean Vehicle Retrofit Accreditation scheme certification, you also need to tell them your new registration number.

    ", + "

    Take a private number off a vehicle

    ", + "

    You can apply to take a private (personalised) number off a vehicle if you want to either:

    ", + "
  • keep the number to use later
    • ", + "
  • assign it to another vehicle
    • ", + "

    You cannot keep a number starting with \u2018Q\u2019 or \u2018NIQ\u2019.

    ", + "

    The vehicle\u2019s original registration number is usually reassigned to it automatically when you take off a private number.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful you\u2019ll be sent a V778 retention document and a new log book (V5C).

    ", + "

    You must have your V778 and new log book before you scrap or sell your vehicle - otherwise you\u2019ll lose the right to use the private number.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    The vehicle must:

    ", + "
  • be registered with DVLA in the UK
    • ", + "
  • be able to move under its own power
    • ", + "
  • be of a type that needs an MOT or heavy goods vehicle (HGV) test certificate
    • ", + "
  • have been taxed or had a SORN in place continuously for the past 5 years
    • ", + "
  • be taxed currently (or have a SORN in place - if it\u2019s had a SORN for more than 5 years, it must be taxed)
    • ", + "
  • be available for inspection
    • ", + "

    DVLA will check your application and contact you if your vehicle needs an inspection.

    ", + "

    Apply to take off a number

    ", + "

    You can apply online or by post. It costs \u00a380. You must have the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C).

    ", + "

    If the vehicle\u2019s not in your name, you have to apply by post.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    The number will be removed immediately if your vehicle does not need an inspection.

    ", + "

    You can assign the number to another vehicle as soon as you\u2019ve applied to take it off - use the reference number you get after you apply.

    ", + "

    Take off a number online

    ", + "

    This service is open from 7am to 7pm. It\u2019s also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    It is taking longer than usual to process paper applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Send all of the following to DVLA:

    ", + "
  • a V317 \u2018transfer or retain a vehicle registration number\u2019 form - the address is on the form
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C) or green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip with a completed V62 \u2018application for a vehicle registration certificate V5C\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the \u00a380 transfer fee
    • ", + "

    To tax your vehicle at the same time, send all of the following:

    ", + "
  • a V10 \u2018application for vehicle tax\u2019 form
    • ", + "
  • the right amount of vehicle tax
    • ", + "
  • an MOT certificate
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    Your original number plate will usually be reassigned to your vehicle automatically, if your application is successful. This will happen straight away.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent:

    ", + "
  • a new log book (V5C) showing the vehicle\u2019s replacement registration number - it can take 4 to 6 weeks to arrive
    • ", + "
  • your original MOT back (if you sent it to tax the vehicle)
    • ", + "
  • a V778 retention document if the private number is in your name
    • ", + "

    If the private number is in someone else\u2019s name, the V778 document will be sent to them.

    ", + "

    Before you can drive your vehicle, you must:

    ", + "
  • put the original or new number plates on the vehicle before you drive it
    • ", + "
  • tell your insurance company your new registration number
    • ", + "

    Who to tell about your new registration number

    ", + "

    You must tell your insurance company.

    ", + "

    Update your registration number for any automatic payment accounts you have, for example to pay:

    ", + "
  • the Congestion Charge
    • ", + "
  • the Low Emission Zone Charge
    • ", + "
  • the Ultra Low Emission Zone Charge
    • ", + "
  • the Dart Charge
    • ", + "
  • charges for driving in Clean Air Zones
    • ", + "

    You may get a penalty charge if you do not update your registration details and enter one of these zones.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has Clean Vehicle Retrofit Accreditation scheme certification, you also need to tell them your new registration number.

    ", + "

    What happens to the private number

    ", + "

    Your V778 retention document proves that you still have the right to assign the private number for the next 10 years.

    ", + "

    You must renew your right to use a private number before the V778 expires.

    ", + "

    You can give up your right to use the private number if you decide not to assign it.

    ", + "

    Renew or replace your private number

    ", + "

    You must renew your right to use your private (personalised) number every 10 years if it\u2019s not being used on a vehicle. If you got your private number before 2015, you must renew it more often - check your V750 or V778 document.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll permanently lose the right to use the number if you do not renew it before the expiry date. DVLA will not accept applications made after that date.

    ", + "

    Renew your V750 certificate of entitlement or V778 retention document

    ", + "

    You can apply to renew your V750 or V778 up to 28 days before it expires. Do not apply earlier than this or your application may be refused.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a reminder letter or email if you\u2019re not using a private number and your right to use it is about to run out.

    ", + "

    You can renew it for up to 10 years, and it does not cost anything to do.

    ", + "

    Renew your V750 online

    ", + "

    You can renew your V750 by creating a DVLA personalised registration account or by using your existing account.

    ", + "

    Renew by post

    ", + "

    Fill in the form on the V750 or V778.

    ", + "

    Send the V750 or V778 to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Replace a lost or stolen V750 or V778

    ", + "

    You can send a letter to DVLA Personalised Registrations to ask for a replacement V750 or V778 if:

    ", + "
  • it has not expired
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the person with the right to use the number (your name will have been on the V778 or V750 as the \u2018grantee\u2019)
    • ", + "

    It\u2019ll take around 3 to 4 weeks for the new V750 or V778 to arrive.

    ", + "

    If your address or name has changed

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include an extra document with your letter.

    ", + "

    If your address has changed, include proof of your identity. This can be a copy of:

    ", + "
  • a household bill sent to you in the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • your Council Tax bill for this year
    • ", + "
  • a bank or building society statement sent to you in the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • a medical card
    • ", + "
  • your current British driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your passport
    • ", + "
  • your birth certificate
    • ", + "

    If your name has changed, include proof of your name change. This can be a copy of:

    ", + "
  • your marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • the decree nisi or decree absolute from your divorce
    • ", + "
  • a deed poll to show you\u2019ve changed your name legally
    • ", + "

    Sell or give a private number to someone else

    ", + "

    You can sell or give a private (personalised) number to someone. The number must be assigned to their vehicle before they can use it.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re giving a number to someone, follow the steps for assigning your private number to someone else.

    ", + "

    Selling your private number

    ", + "

    You can use a private number dealer or sell your number yourself.

    ", + "

    Do not share a photograph or scan of the V750 or V778 document. Someone other than the buyer might use it to put the private number on another vehicle.

    ", + "

    Use a private number dealer

    ", + "

    Most dealers will find a buyer, arrange the payment and transfer the number to the buyer\u2019s vehicle for you.

    ", + "

    Sell your private number yourself

    ", + "

    After you find a buyer, you\u2019ll need to assign your number to their vehicle. Follow the steps for assigning your private number to someone else.

    ", + "

    Assign your private number to someone else

    ", + "

    You can put your private number on someone else\u2019s vehicle online or by post.

    ", + "

    After that, DVLA will send a replacement log book for the vehicle but with the new private number assigned to it.

    ", + "

    Online

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need details from:

    ", + "
  • the log book (V5C) of the vehicle you\u2019re assigning the number to
    • ", + "
  • your V778 or V750
    • ", + "

    The number will usually be assigned immediately.

    ", + "

    Assign a number online

    ", + "

    This service is open from 7am to 7pm. It\u2019s also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    By post

    ", + "

    Send DVLA:

    ", + "
  • your V778 or V750 form - fill in sections 1 and 2 and sign it first
    • ", + "
  • the log book (V5C) for the vehicle you want to put the private number on
    • ", + "

    The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    If the nominee dies

    ", + "

    The person who has the right to use the private number can change the \u2018nominee\u2019 (the person you\u2019re giving the number to). Fill in section 2 of the V750 or V778 with the new nominee\u2019s details, sign the form and send it to:

    ", + "

    Change your name or address

    ", + "

    You can change your address or name on your V750 or V778 certificate.

    ", + "

    Change your address online - V750 only

    ", + "

    Use your DVLA personalised registration account.

    ", + "

    Change your address by post - V750 or V778

    ", + "

    Fill in the \u2018change of address\u2019 section on your V750 or V778. Sign it and send it to DVLA Personalised Registrations.

    ", + "

    If you do not have your V750 or V778

    ", + "

    Write a letter saying what your new address is. Sign it and send it to DVLA Personalised Registrations with proof of your identity. This can be a copy of:

    ", + "
  • a household bill sent to you in the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • your Council Tax bill for this year
    • ", + "
  • a bank or building society statement sent to you in the last 3 months
    • ", + "
  • a medical card
    • ", + "
  • your current British driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your passport
    • ", + "
  • your birth certificate
    • ", + "

    Change your name - V750 or V778

    ", + "

    You can only change your name by post. You\u2019ll need proof of your name change - this can be a copy of:

    ", + "
  • your marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • the decree nisi or decree absolute from your divorce
    • ", + "
  • a deed poll to show you\u2019ve changed your name legally
    • ", + "

    Fill in the \u2018nominee details\u2019 section on your V750 or V778. Sign it and send it to DVLA Personalised Registrations with proof of your name change.

    ", + "

    If you do not have your V750 or V778

    ", + "

    Write a letter saying what your new name is. Sign it and send it to DVLA Personalised Registrations with proof of your name change.

    ", + "

    Fix mistakes

    ", + "

    Write a letter saying what the mistakes are. Send it with the V750 or V778 to DVLA Personalised Registrations.

    ", + "

    Give up your right to use a private number

    ", + "

    You might get a refund of \u00a380 if you have the right to use a private number but you decide not to assign it to a vehicle.

    ", + "

    This refunds the \u00a380 fee you paid when you either:

    ", + "
  • bought the number (the fee was included in the cost)
    • ", + "
  • took the number off a vehicle
    • ", + "

    You can apply for a refund if:

    ", + "
  • the number was not assigned to any vehicle after you paid the fee
    • ", + "
  • you have the latest V778 or V750 document - if you\u2019ve lost it and it\u2019s still valid you can get a replacement from DVLA
    • ", + "

    If the document was issued before 9 March 2015, you can only get a refund once it expires. You cannot get a replacement document if it\u2019s expired.

    ", + "

    Tick the \u2018Give up the right to this registered number (surrender)\u2019 section of the V778 or V750 document, sign it and send it to:

    ", + "

    You cannot use the private number after you give up your right to it.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if the person with the right to use the private number has died.

    ", + "

    If the person with the right to use the private number dies

    ", + "

    If someone has died and left you a personalised number in their will, or you\u2019re in charge of the will (an \u2018executor\u2019), you can:

    ", + "
  • keep the private number
    • ", + "
  • transfer it to another vehicle
    • ", + "
  • put it in someone else\u2019s name
    • ", + "
  • give up the right to use the number (you can apply for a refund)
    • ", + "

    To do this, you\u2019ll need to send a form to DVLA, along with documents that prove you have the right to use the number.

    ", + "

    Prove you\u2019ve got the right to use the number

    ", + "

    You must send DVLA the death certificate when you send in your form. The death certificate can be an original or a certified copy.

    ", + "

    You must also send at least one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a certified copy of probate
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the will
    • ", + "
  • a letter from the solicitor confirming who the executors are or next of kin is
    • ", + "

    Keep or transfer the number, or give it to someone else

    ", + "

    Which form you send depends on whether the number is already on (\u2018assigned to\u2019) a vehicle.

    ", + "

    If the number is already assigned to a vehicle

    ", + "

    Fill in:

    ", + "
  • the V317 form (if you have an old blue form, fill in section 2)
    • ", + "
  • section 2 if you have a new style log book (with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover) or section 6 if you have the older style log book
    • ", + "

    Make sure you include the details of the person you want to transfer the number to, for example an executor or next of kin.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a380.

    ", + "

    If the number has not been assigned to a vehicle

    ", + "

    Send the documents that prove you\u2019ve got the right to use the number and either the:

    ", + "
  • V778 retention document
    • ", + "
  • V750 certificate of entitlement form
    • ", + "

    The executors must sign the V778 or V750 before you send it.

    ", + "

    You must also send a covering letter from the executors saying if you want to:

    ", + "
  • keep the number
    • ", + "
  • give the number to someone else
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the V778 or V750

    ", + "

    Send DVLA:

    ", + "
  • the documents that prove you have the right to use the number
    • ", + "
  • a covering letter signed by all the executors confirming that you do not have the forms, and explaining what you want to do with the number
    • ", + "

    Give up your right to use the private number

    ", + "

    You might be able to get a refund of the \u00a380 assignment fee if:

    ", + "
  • a private number was not assigned to a vehicle after the fee was paid
    • ", + "
  • you have the latest V778 or V750 document - if you\u2019ve lost it and it\u2019s still valid you can get a replacement from DVLA
    • ", + "

    Check the V778 or V750 document to find out if a fee was paid.

    ", + "

    If the document was issued before 9 March 2015, you can only get a refund once it expires. You cannot get a replacement document if it\u2019s expired.

    ", + "

    Send DVLA:

    ", + "
  • the V778 or V750 document - tick the \u2018Refund of the assignment fee\u2019 section and get all the executors to sign it
    • ", + "
  • the documents that prove you have the right to use the number
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the V778 or V750

    ", + "

    Send DVLA:

    ", + "
  • the documents that prove you have the right to use the number
    • ", + "
  • a covering letter signed by the all the executors confirming that you do not have the forms, and explaining what you want to do with the number
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration-schemes-for-the-motor-trade": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration-schemes-for-the-motor-trade", + "title": "Vehicle registration schemes for the motor trade", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThere are 3 vehicle registration schemes for the motor trade. They are:\n\n- the non-secure registration scheme\n\n- the secure registration scheme\n\n- the Register a Vehicle (RaV) service\n\nYou can use these schemes if you\u2019re a:\n\n- vehicle manufacturer\n\n- sole or multiple import concessionaire\n\n- VAT-registered motor vehicle trader\n\n## Using the schemes\n\nWhen you first start registering vehicles, you have to use the non-secure scheme. The other 2 schemes are designed to speed up the vehicle registration process.\n\nYou can apply to the secure scheme when you\u2019ve been using the non-secure scheme without irregularities or issues for 6 months.\n\nYou need to have used the secure scheme for 3 months if you want to use the RaV service.\n\n## The Vehicle Register\n\nThis is maintained by DVLA. It\u2019s based on the information provided on the V55 registration form or by the RaV service.\n\n## Non-secure registration scheme\n\nYou need to complete form V55/4 and send it to DVLA Swansea, SA99 1BE with one of the following documents:\n\n- a valid \u2018CoC\u2019 (certificate of conformity)\n\n- the correct vehicle type approval certificate\n\n- a Vehicle Certification Agency certificate of British National Type Approval (goods vehicles and mutual recognition)\n\nSend the documents along with:\n\n- the registration fee\n\n- the licence fee\n\n- the appropriate customs form for an imported vehicle\n\n- a certificate of newness (if applicable)\n\n- approved identity documents confirming your name and address\n\n- a foreign registration document (for used, imported vehicles)\n\nYou can only apply to use the secure registration scheme after you\u2019ve been using the non-secure scheme without irregularities or issues for 6 months.\n\n## Secure registration scheme\n\nWhen your company has been approved to use this scheme, some of the documentation needed for the non-secure scheme is no longer required.\n\nInstead, you complete the registration process by transferring the data from one of the following onto the V55/1 or V55/2 form:\n\n- European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval Certificate\n\n- National Small Series Type Approval Certificate\n\n- Goods Vehicle National Type Approval Certificate\n\nYou register vehicles by sending the following to DVLA Swansea, SA99 1BE:\n\n- a completed V55/1 or V55/2 form\n\n- the registration fee and the fee to tax a vehicle\n\nThere\u2019s no need to provide evidence of newness with your V55/1 or V55/2 form.\n\nContact one of the following trade associations to get a V55/1 or V55/2 form:\n\n- Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders\n\n- Motor Cycle Industry Association\n\n- Agricultural Engineers Association\n\nOr write to:\n\nYou can also order the forms by faxing 01792 783525 or emailing stores.order.forms@dvla.gov.uk.\n\n## Modified vehicles\n\nVehicles modified before registration - for example with different wheels, tyres or a silencer - may need a:\n\n- Single Vehicle Approval inspection\n\n- Individual Vehicle Approval inspection\n\n- Motorcycle Vehicle Approval inspection\n\n- further type approval work\n\nThese vehicles then need to be registered using the non-secure system with one of the above certificates.\n\nVehicles modified through the multi-stage build process and then type approved, or those using the enhancement scheme, can be registered using the secure registration scheme.\n\n## How to apply\n\nEmail secureformsscheme@dvla.gov.uk to apply.\n\nThey will send you an application pack and guidance notes.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve used the secure registration scheme for 3 months, you can apply to use the Register a Vehicle (RaV) service.\n\n## Register a Vehicle service\n\nThe Register a Vehicle (RaV) service is a web-based version of the secure registration scheme and it can save you time if you decide to join it.\n\nBefore applying for the RaV service you must:\n\n- be approved to register vehicles using the secure registration scheme\n\n- have used the secure scheme for at least 3 months\n\nDVLA staff will provide initial training in the system and there\u2019s also a helpdesk that operates from Monday to Friday, 8am to 5pm.\n\n## Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA) control check arrangements\n\nYou still need to maintain the same paper records for the RaV service, as you did for the secure registration scheme.\n\nThese could include:\n\n- V55 document security (when used as back up for printer or computer failure or other registration purposes)\n\n- derogation forms from potential new vehicle suppliers\n\n- spot check records\n\nThe DVLA or VCA may visit you to make sure control checks and security systems are being maintained.\n\n## How to apply\n\nEmail rav@dvla.gov.uk if you register your vehicles on forms V55/1 or V55/2.\n\nEmail secureformsscheme@dvla.gov.uk if:\n\n- you register your vehicles on form V55/4\n\n- you want to register for the secure registration scheme before joining the RaV service\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll be told how to sign in to the\u00a0RaV\u00a0service.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    There are 3 vehicle registration schemes for the motor trade. They are:

    ", + "
  • the non-secure registration scheme
    • ", + "
  • the secure registration scheme
    • ", + "
  • the Register a Vehicle (RaV) service
    • ", + "

    You can use these schemes if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • vehicle manufacturer
    • ", + "
  • sole or multiple import concessionaire
    • ", + "
  • VAT-registered motor vehicle trader
    • ", + "

    Using the schemes

    ", + "

    When you first start registering vehicles, you have to use the non-secure scheme. The other 2 schemes are designed to speed up the vehicle registration process.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the secure scheme when you\u2019ve been using the non-secure scheme without irregularities or issues for 6 months.

    ", + "

    You need to have used the secure scheme for 3 months if you want to use the RaV service.

    ", + "

    The Vehicle Register

    ", + "

    This is maintained by DVLA. It\u2019s based on the information provided on the V55 registration form or by the RaV service.

    ", + "

    Non-secure registration scheme

    ", + "

    You need to complete form V55/4 and send it to DVLA Swansea, SA99 1BE with one of the following documents:

    ", + "
  • a valid \u2018CoC\u2019 (certificate of conformity)
    • ", + "
  • the correct vehicle type approval certificate
    • ", + "
  • a Vehicle Certification Agency certificate of British National Type Approval (goods vehicles and mutual recognition)
    • ", + "

    Send the documents along with:

    ", + "
  • the registration fee
    • ", + "
  • the licence fee
    • ", + "
  • the appropriate customs form for an imported vehicle
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of newness (if applicable)
    • ", + "
  • approved identity documents confirming your name and address
    • ", + "
  • a foreign registration document (for used, imported vehicles)
    • ", + "

    You can only apply to use the secure registration scheme after you\u2019ve been using the non-secure scheme without irregularities or issues for 6 months.

    ", + "

    Secure registration scheme

    ", + "

    When your company has been approved to use this scheme, some of the documentation needed for the non-secure scheme is no longer required.

    ", + "

    Instead, you complete the registration process by transferring the data from one of the following onto the V55/1 or V55/2 form:

    ", + "
  • European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval Certificate
    • ", + "
  • National Small Series Type Approval Certificate
    • ", + "
  • Goods Vehicle National Type Approval Certificate
    • ", + "

    You register vehicles by sending the following to DVLA Swansea, SA99 1BE:

    ", + "
  • a completed V55/1 or V55/2 form
    • ", + "
  • the registration fee and the fee to tax a vehicle
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no need to provide evidence of newness with your V55/1 or V55/2 form.

    ", + "

    Contact one of the following trade associations to get a V55/1 or V55/2 form:

    ", + "
  • Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders
    • ", + "
  • Motor Cycle Industry Association
    • ", + "
  • Agricultural Engineers Association
    • ", + "

    Or write to:

    ", + "

    You can also order the forms by faxing 01792 783525 or emailing stores.order.forms@dvla.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    Modified vehicles

    ", + "

    Vehicles modified before registration - for example with different wheels, tyres or a silencer - may need a:

    ", + "
  • Single Vehicle Approval inspection
    • ", + "
  • Individual Vehicle Approval inspection
    • ", + "
  • Motorcycle Vehicle Approval inspection
    • ", + "
  • further type approval work
    • ", + "

    These vehicles then need to be registered using the non-secure system with one of the above certificates.

    ", + "

    Vehicles modified through the multi-stage build process and then type approved, or those using the enhancement scheme, can be registered using the secure registration scheme.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Email secureformsscheme@dvla.gov.uk to apply.

    ", + "

    They will send you an application pack and guidance notes.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve used the secure registration scheme for 3 months, you can apply to use the Register a Vehicle (RaV) service.

    ", + "

    Register a Vehicle service

    ", + "

    The Register a Vehicle (RaV) service is a web-based version of the secure registration scheme and it can save you time if you decide to join it.

    ", + "

    Before applying for the RaV service you must:

    ", + "
  • be approved to register vehicles using the secure registration scheme
    • ", + "
  • have used the secure scheme for at least 3 months
    • ", + "

    DVLA staff will provide initial training in the system and there\u2019s also a helpdesk that operates from Monday to Friday, 8am to 5pm.

    ", + "

    Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA) control check arrangements

    ", + "

    You still need to maintain the same paper records for the RaV service, as you did for the secure registration scheme.

    ", + "

    These could include:

    ", + "
  • V55 document security (when used as back up for printer or computer failure or other registration purposes)
    • ", + "
  • derogation forms from potential new vehicle suppliers
    • ", + "
  • spot check records
    • ", + "

    The DVLA or VCA may visit you to make sure control checks and security systems are being maintained.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Email rav@dvla.gov.uk if you register your vehicles on forms V55/1 or V55/2.

    ", + "

    Email secureformsscheme@dvla.gov.uk if:

    ", + "
  • you register your vehicles on form V55/4
    • ", + "
  • you want to register for the secure registration scheme before joining the RaV service
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll be told how to sign in to the\u00a0RaV\u00a0service.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/seat-belts-law": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seat-belts-law", + "title": "Seat belts: the law", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must wear a seat belt if one is fitted in the seat you\u2019re using - there are only a few exceptions.\n\nYou\u2019re also only allowed 1 person in each seat fitted with a seat belt.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3500 if you don\u2019t wear a seat belt when you\u2019re supposed to.\n\n## Children\n\nYou must make sure that any children in the vehicle you\u2019re driving are:\n\n- in the correct car seat for their height or weight until they reach 135 centimetres tall or their 12th birthday, whichever is first\n\n- wearing a seat belt if they\u2019re 12 or 13 years old, or younger and over 135cm tall\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3500 if a child under 14 isn\u2019t in the correct car seat or wearing a seat belt while you\u2019re driving.\n\n## When you don't need to wear a seat belt\n\nYou don\u2019t need to wear a seat belt if you\u2019re:\n\n- a driver who is reversing, or supervising a learner driver who is reversing\n\n- in a vehicle being used for police, fire and rescue services\n\n- a passenger in a trade vehicle and you\u2019re investigating a fault\n\n- driving a goods vehicle on deliveries that is travelling no more than 50 metres between stops\n\n- a licensed taxi driver who is \u2018plying for hire\u2019 or carrying passengers\n\n## Medical exemptions\n\nYour doctor may say you don\u2019t have to wear a seat belt for a medical reason. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018Certificate of Exemption from Compulsory Seat Belt Wearing\u2019. You must:\n\n- keep this in your vehicle\n\n- show it to the police if you\u2019re stopped\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to tell your car insurer.\n\nTalk to your doctor for more information and read \u2018medical exemptions from compulsory seat belt wearing\u2019.\n\n## Wearing a seat belt while pregnant\n\nYou must wear a seat belt if you\u2019re pregnant, unless your doctor says you don\u2019t have to for medical reasons.\n\n## Wearing a seat belt if you\u2019re disabled\n\nYou must wear a seat belt if you\u2019re a disabled driver or passenger, unless you don\u2019t have to for medical reasons. You may need to adapt your vehicle.\n\n## If your vehicle doesn\u2019t have seat belts\n\nIf your vehicle doesn\u2019t have seat belts, for example it\u2019s a classic car, you aren\u2019t allowed to carry any children under 3 years old in it.\n\nChildren over 3 are only allowed to sit in the back seats.\n\nThese rules only apply if your vehicle was originally made without seat belts.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must wear a seat belt if one is fitted in the seat you\u2019re using - there are only a few exceptions.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also only allowed 1 person in each seat fitted with a seat belt.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a3500 if you don\u2019t wear a seat belt when you\u2019re supposed to.

    ", + "

    Children

    ", + "

    You must make sure that any children in the vehicle you\u2019re driving are:

    ", + "
  • in the correct car seat for their height or weight until they reach 135 centimetres tall or their 12th birthday, whichever is first
    • ", + "
  • wearing a seat belt if they\u2019re 12 or 13 years old, or younger and over 135cm tall
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a3500 if a child under 14 isn\u2019t in the correct car seat or wearing a seat belt while you\u2019re driving.

    ", + "

    When you don't need to wear a seat belt

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to wear a seat belt if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a driver who is reversing, or supervising a learner driver who is reversing
    • ", + "
  • in a vehicle being used for police, fire and rescue services
    • ", + "
  • a passenger in a trade vehicle and you\u2019re investigating a fault
    • ", + "
  • driving a goods vehicle on deliveries that is travelling no more than 50 metres between stops
    • ", + "
  • a licensed taxi driver who is \u2018plying for hire\u2019 or carrying passengers
    • ", + "

    Medical exemptions

    ", + "

    Your doctor may say you don\u2019t have to wear a seat belt for a medical reason. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018Certificate of Exemption from Compulsory Seat Belt Wearing\u2019. You must:

    ", + "
  • keep this in your vehicle
    • ", + "
  • show it to the police if you\u2019re stopped
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to tell your car insurer.

    ", + "

    Talk to your doctor for more information and read \u2018medical exemptions from compulsory seat belt wearing\u2019.

    ", + "

    Wearing a seat belt while pregnant

    ", + "

    You must wear a seat belt if you\u2019re pregnant, unless your doctor says you don\u2019t have to for medical reasons.

    ", + "

    Wearing a seat belt if you\u2019re disabled

    ", + "

    You must wear a seat belt if you\u2019re a disabled driver or passenger, unless you don\u2019t have to for medical reasons. You may need to adapt your vehicle.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle doesn\u2019t have seat belts

    ", + "

    If your vehicle doesn\u2019t have seat belts, for example it\u2019s a classic car, you aren\u2019t allowed to carry any children under 3 years old in it.

    ", + "

    Children over 3 are only allowed to sit in the back seats.

    ", + "

    These rules only apply if your vehicle was originally made without seat belts.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-recalls-and-faults": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-recalls-and-faults", + "title": "Vehicle recalls and faults", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou need to get your vehicle, vehicle parts and accessories fixed or replaced by the manufacturer if they find a serious problem with them.\n\nThis includes:\n\n- cars\n\n- motorcycles, quadricycles and tricycles\n\n- caravans and horse boxes\n\n- child car seats\n\n- seat belts and harnesses\n\n- tyres\n\n- components and parts\n\n- agricultural equipment\n\n- lorries, buses, coaches and minibuses\n\nYou can report a serious safety defects with your vehicle or accessory if it could cause injury.\n\n## Recalled vehicles, parts and accessories\n\nIf your vehicle is recalled for a safety reason, you\u2019ll usually be sent a letter by the manufacturer telling you:\n\n- why it\u2019s being recalled\n\n- what you need to do next\n\n- who you should contact\n\nYou will not usually have to pay for any repairs or parts under a safety recall.\n\n## Other ways of finding out about recalls\n\nYou will not get a letter if the manufacturer does not have your contact details, for example for car child seats.\n\nYou can check if a vehicle model, part or accessory has been recalled for a safety reason.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou\u2019re legally responsible for making sure that your vehicle is:\n\n- kept in a safe condition\n\n- safe to drive whenever you drive it\n\nIf you do not get your vehicle inspected and fixed, you could:\n\n- affect any insurance claim you make\n\n- put yourself and others at serious risk\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for driving a vehicle in a dangerous condition.\n\n## Report a serious safety defect\n\nIf you find a serious defect that affects the safety of your vehicle, one of its parts, or an accessory, report it to the manufacturer immediately.\n\nTell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you\u2019re not happy with how the manufacturer is dealing with your report.\n\nDVSA will:\n\n- investigate the issue with the manufacturer\n\n- tell you what action is being taken\n\nThe vehicle, part or accessory can be recalled if it\u2019s found to be a serious safety issue.\n\n## How to report a serious safety defect\n\nTo report the defect you\u2019ll need to give details of what happened and:\n\n- the vehicle registration (number plate)\n\n- the make and model of the vehicle\n\n- the year the vehicle was made\n\n- the current mileage\n\n- the engine type (for example, petrol)\n\n- the gearbox type (manual or automatic)\n\n- any photos showing the defect (if you have them)\n\nIf you do not have all of the vehicle details, you can get some vehicle information from DVLA.\n\nReport a defect\n\n## What counts as a serious safety defect\n\nA serious safety defect is something:\n\n- about the way the vehicle is designed or made that\u2019s likely to cause injury or death\n\n- that happens suddenly and without warning\n\n## What does not count as a serious safety defect\n\nThings are not classed as a serious safety defect if:\n\n- they can be found during routine maintenance and servicing\n\n- you\u2019re warned about them by warning lights, noticeable changes in handling and unusual noises\n\n- they\u2019re caused by you misusing the vehicle, for example overloading your vehicle causing a tyre failure\n\n## Faults with vehicles, parts and accessories\n\nFaults in the way vehicles, vehicle parts and accessories are designed or made have to be registered with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if they:\n\n- mean it could become unsafe in the future if it\u2019s not fixed\n\n- could mean that the vehicle, part or accessory no longer meets the legal standard\n\nOther types of general faults are not registered with DVSA.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be told about faults\n\nIf you own something affected, you might be sent a letter by the manufacturer telling you:\n\n- what the fault is\n\n- what you need to do next\n\n- who you should contact\n\nYou usually do not have to pay to get the fault fixed.\n\n## Other ways of finding out about faults\n\nYou can contact the manufacturer or dealer of your vehicle, part or accessory to check for any registered faults.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou do not have to do anything about the fault if you do not want to. However, not getting it fixed could mean that:\n\n- it becomes unsafe in the future\n\n- your vehicle fails its next MOT", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need to get your vehicle, vehicle parts and accessories fixed or replaced by the manufacturer if they find a serious problem with them.

    ", + "

    This includes:

    ", + "
  • cars
    • ", + "
  • motorcycles, quadricycles and tricycles
    • ", + "
  • caravans and horse boxes
    • ", + "
  • child car seats
    • ", + "
  • seat belts and harnesses
    • ", + "
  • tyres
    • ", + "
  • components and parts
    • ", + "
  • agricultural equipment
    • ", + "
  • lorries, buses, coaches and minibuses
    • ", + "

    You can report a serious safety defects with your vehicle or accessory if it could cause injury.

    ", + "

    Recalled vehicles, parts and accessories

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is recalled for a safety reason, you\u2019ll usually be sent a letter by the manufacturer telling you:

    ", + "
  • why it\u2019s being recalled
    • ", + "
  • what you need to do next
    • ", + "
  • who you should contact
    • ", + "

    You will not usually have to pay for any repairs or parts under a safety recall.

    ", + "

    Other ways of finding out about recalls

    ", + "

    You will not get a letter if the manufacturer does not have your contact details, for example for car child seats.

    ", + "

    You can check if a vehicle model, part or accessory has been recalled for a safety reason.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You\u2019re legally responsible for making sure that your vehicle is:

    ", + "
  • kept in a safe condition
    • ", + "
  • safe to drive whenever you drive it
    • ", + "

    If you do not get your vehicle inspected and fixed, you could:

    ", + "
  • affect any insurance claim you make
    • ", + "
  • put yourself and others at serious risk
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for driving a vehicle in a dangerous condition.

    ", + "

    Report a serious safety defect

    ", + "

    If you find a serious defect that affects the safety of your vehicle, one of its parts, or an accessory, report it to the manufacturer immediately.

    ", + "

    Tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you\u2019re not happy with how the manufacturer is dealing with your report.

    ", + "

    DVSA will:

    ", + "
  • investigate the issue with the manufacturer
    • ", + "
  • tell you what action is being taken
    • ", + "

    The vehicle, part or accessory can be recalled if it\u2019s found to be a serious safety issue.

    ", + "

    How to report a serious safety defect

    ", + "

    To report the defect you\u2019ll need to give details of what happened and:

    ", + "
  • the vehicle registration (number plate)
    • ", + "
  • the make and model of the vehicle
    • ", + "
  • the year the vehicle was made
    • ", + "
  • the current mileage
    • ", + "
  • the engine type (for example, petrol)
    • ", + "
  • the gearbox type (manual or automatic)
    • ", + "
  • any photos showing the defect (if you have them)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have all of the vehicle details, you can get some vehicle information from DVLA.

    ", + "

    Report a defect

    ", + "

    What counts as a serious safety defect

    ", + "

    A serious safety defect is something:

    ", + "
  • about the way the vehicle is designed or made that\u2019s likely to cause injury or death
    • ", + "
  • that happens suddenly and without warning
    • ", + "

    What does not count as a serious safety defect

    ", + "

    Things are not classed as a serious safety defect if:

    ", + "
  • they can be found during routine maintenance and servicing
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re warned about them by warning lights, noticeable changes in handling and unusual noises
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re caused by you misusing the vehicle, for example overloading your vehicle causing a tyre failure
    • ", + "

    Faults with vehicles, parts and accessories

    ", + "

    Faults in the way vehicles, vehicle parts and accessories are designed or made have to be registered with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if they:

    ", + "
  • mean it could become unsafe in the future if it\u2019s not fixed
    • ", + "
  • could mean that the vehicle, part or accessory no longer meets the legal standard
    • ", + "

    Other types of general faults are not registered with DVSA.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019ll be told about faults

    ", + "

    If you own something affected, you might be sent a letter by the manufacturer telling you:

    ", + "
  • what the fault is
    • ", + "
  • what you need to do next
    • ", + "
  • who you should contact
    • ", + "

    You usually do not have to pay to get the fault fixed.

    ", + "

    Other ways of finding out about faults

    ", + "

    You can contact the manufacturer or dealer of your vehicle, part or accessory to check for any registered faults.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You do not have to do anything about the fault if you do not want to. However, not getting it fixed could mean that:

    ", + "
  • it becomes unsafe in the future
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle fails its next MOT
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/boatmasters-licence": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/boatmasters-licence", + "title": "Boatmasters' licence", + "content": "## Check if you need a licence\n\nYou must have a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re the master of certain vessels on:\n\n- inland waters in categories A to D, such as canals, rivers, lakes and some estuaries\n\n- \u2018limited\u2019 coastal area operations - no more than 5 miles from the land and 15 miles from where your vessel sets off or arrives\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined for not having the right boatmasters\u2019 licence.\n\nFind out what types and class of vessels can operate on UK inland waters.\n\n## When you do not need a licence\n\nYou do not need a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re in charge of:\n\n- a pleasure vessel, including hire boats used as pleasure vessels\n\n- fishing vessels\n\n## Using alternative certificates\n\nSome certificates can be used instead of a boatmasters\u2019 licence, including STCW certificates of competency and certificates awarded by the Royal Yachting Association.\n\nIf you have an alternative certificate, you must:\n\n- check if you need a paper endorsement or a boat handling test - read sections 3 and 4 of the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice\n\n- download and fill in the application form and send it to your nearest marine office\n\n- pay the right fees\n\n## Before you apply\n\nRead the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice to find out:\n\n- which vessels you need a boatmasters\u2019 licence for\n\n- what kinds of boatmasters\u2019 licence you can apply for\n\n- what you need to apply for a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- what you need to revalidate a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- alternative qualifications you can have instead of a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- information on local knowledge requirements\n\nYou should also:\n\n- keep records of relevant work and training for your licence application\n\n- check for local regulations, such as byelaws that you may need to know\n\n- check that you have safety training from an approved training provider\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- read the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice\n\n- download the application form for a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- pay the right fees\n\n## Replacing your licence\n\nDownload the application form for a replacement boatmasters\u2019 licence.\n\nReplacing your licence costs \u00a323.\n\n## Renewing your licence\n\nYour boatmasters\u2019 licence usually lasts 5 years.\n\nRenewing your licence costs \u00a331.\n\nDownload the boatmasters\u2019 licence renewal application form. Send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Upgrading your licence\n\nDownload the form to upgrade your licence, or add another area to your licence.\n\nThe fee for upgrading your licence can vary.\n\n## Exemptions under the 2006 Boatmasters' Regulations\n\nYou need to apply for a \u2018Tier 2 Level 2\u2019 licence before your exemption expires if you want to keep working. This will cover all the areas described on your exemption certificate.\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined for not having the right boatmasters\u2019 licence when your exemption expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIf you have an exemption certificate and want to continue working, you must:\n\n- check if you can apply for a Tier 2 boatmasters\u2019 licence by reading section 22 of the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice\n\n- download and fill in the application form and send it to your nearest marine office\n\n- pay the right fees", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Check if you need a licence

    ", + "

    You must have a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re the master of certain vessels on:

    ", + "
  • inland waters in categories A to D, such as canals, rivers, lakes and some estuaries
    • ", + "
  • \u2018limited\u2019 coastal area operations - no more than 5 miles from the land and 15 miles from where your vessel sets off or arrives
    • ", + "

    You may be prosecuted and fined for not having the right boatmasters\u2019 licence.

    ", + "

    Find out what types and class of vessels can operate on UK inland waters.

    ", + "

    When you do not need a licence

    ", + "

    You do not need a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re in charge of:

    ", + "
  • a pleasure vessel, including hire boats used as pleasure vessels
    • ", + "
  • fishing vessels
    • ", + "

    Using alternative certificates

    ", + "

    Some certificates can be used instead of a boatmasters\u2019 licence, including STCW certificates of competency and certificates awarded by the Royal Yachting Association.

    ", + "

    If you have an alternative certificate, you must:

    ", + "
  • check if you need a paper endorsement or a boat handling test - read sections 3 and 4 of the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice
    • ", + "
  • download and fill in the application form and send it to your nearest marine office
    • ", + "
  • pay the right fees
    • ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    Read the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice to find out:

    ", + "
  • which vessels you need a boatmasters\u2019 licence for
    • ", + "
  • what kinds of boatmasters\u2019 licence you can apply for
    • ", + "
  • what you need to apply for a boatmasters\u2019 licence
    • ", + "
  • what you need to revalidate a boatmasters\u2019 licence
    • ", + "
  • alternative qualifications you can have instead of a boatmasters\u2019 licence
    • ", + "
  • information on local knowledge requirements
    • ", + "

    You should also:

    ", + "
  • keep records of relevant work and training for your licence application
    • ", + "
  • check for local regulations, such as byelaws that you may need to know
    • ", + "
  • check that you have safety training from an approved training provider
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • read the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice
    • ", + "
  • download the application form for a boatmasters\u2019 licence
    • ", + "
  • pay the right fees
    • ", + "

    Replacing your licence

    ", + "

    Download the application form for a replacement boatmasters\u2019 licence.

    ", + "

    Replacing your licence costs \u00a323.

    ", + "

    Renewing your licence

    ", + "

    Your boatmasters\u2019 licence usually lasts 5 years.

    ", + "

    Renewing your licence costs \u00a331.

    ", + "

    Download the boatmasters\u2019 licence renewal application form. Send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Upgrading your licence

    ", + "

    Download the form to upgrade your licence, or add another area to your licence.

    ", + "

    The fee for upgrading your licence can vary.

    ", + "

    Exemptions under the 2006 Boatmasters' Regulations

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a \u2018Tier 2 Level 2\u2019 licence before your exemption expires if you want to keep working. This will cover all the areas described on your exemption certificate.

    ", + "

    You may be prosecuted and fined for not having the right boatmasters\u2019 licence when your exemption expires.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    If you have an exemption certificate and want to continue working, you must:

    ", + "
  • check if you can apply for a Tier 2 boatmasters\u2019 licence by reading section 22 of the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice
    • ", + "
  • download and fill in the application form and send it to your nearest marine office
    • ", + "
  • pay the right fees
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-against-a-penalty-charge-notice": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-against-a-penalty-charge-notice", + "title": "Appeal against a penalty charge notice", + "content": "## Appealing to an independent tribunal\n\nYou may be able to appeal to an independent tribunal against a penalty charge notice (PCN) if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\nYou can only do this if you\u2019ve already tried making making a formal challenge (\u2018representation\u2019).\n\nThis includes any PCN issued in England or Wales for:\n\n- parking\n\n- breaking traffic rules, for example going against a \u2018no right turn\u2019 sign or driving in a bus lane when you shouldn\u2019t\n\n- not paying the Dartford Crossing, London congestion or low emissions zone charge on time\n\nThere are different ways to appeal in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## When to appeal\n\nYou then have 28 days to appeal after you get a \u2018notice of rejection\u2019 to say your formal challenge has failed.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nFind out how to appeal to:\n\n- London Tribunals if your PCN was issued in London\n\n- the Traffic Penalty Tribunal if your PCN was issued outside London, in England or Wales - this includes PCNs from Dart Charge\n\nIf your appeal is successful the PCN will be cancelled and you won\u2019t have to pay anything.\n\n## If your appeal fails\n\nYou\u2019ll have 28 days to pay the penalty charge notice (PCN) if your appeal is refused.\n\n## If you don\u2019t pay within 28 days\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018charge certificate\u2019 and you\u2019ll have to pay 50% more within 14 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a court order demanding payment if you don\u2019t pay a charge certificate within 14 days.\n\n## If you get a court order\n\nYou\u2019ll have 21 days to pay the penalty charge notice (PCN) or challenge a court order demanding payment (known as an \u2018order of recovery\u2019).\n\nBailiffs (\u2018enforcement agents\u2019) will be told to visit your home to collect what you owe if you don\u2019t pay or challenge within 21 days.\n\n## When you can challenge\n\nYou can challenge an order of recovery if you:\n\n- didn\u2019t get a \u2018notice to owner\u2019 telling you how to make a formal challenge\n\n- made a formal challenge on time but didn\u2019t get a \u2018notice of rejection\u2019\n\n- appealed to an independent tribunal on time but didn\u2019t get a response\n\n- have proof you\u2019ve paid the penalty charge, such as a credit card statement\n\n## How to challenge\n\nThe form you use to challenge an order of recovery depends on whether it relates to:\n\n- a parking PCN - use form TE9\n\n- a Dart Charge PCN - use form TE9 Dart Charge\n\n- a low emission zone PCN - use form PE3 vehicle emissions\n\n- any other PCN, for example for driving in a bus lane - use form PE3\n\nSend it to the Traffic Enforcement Centre (TEC) within 21 days.\n\nYou may be able to get more time to challenge an order of recovery.\n\n## If your challenge is successful\n\nThe order of recovery will be withdrawn and bailiffs won\u2019t be able to seize your property.\n\nThe council or authority that issued the PCN will then do one of the following:\n\n- cancel the PCN, for example because you paid it in full\n\n- issue a new notice to owner - you\u2019ll have 28 days to pay or challenge\n\n- refer your case to an independent tribunal\n\n## Getting more time to challenge a court order\n\nYou can ask for more time to challenge a court order (\u2018order of recovery\u2019) if you:\n\n- were contacted about a penalty charge notice (PCN) you didn\u2019t know about\n\n- were contacted about a paid or cancelled PCN\n\n- didn\u2019t get a response to your formal challenge (\u2018representation\u2019) or appeal\n\nDo this by making an \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge to the order of recovery.\n\n## Making an \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge\n\nUse an \u2018out of time\u2019 form to explain why you\u2019re making a late challenge. Send it with the form you need to challenge the order of recovery.\n\nThe \u2018out of time\u2019 form you use depends on whether it relates to:\n\n- a parking PCN\n\n- a Dart Charge PCN\n\n- any other PCN - for example for driving in a bus lane\n\n## What happens next\n\nBailiffs will be told to stop any action while your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is considered by the council or authority that issued the PCN.\n\n## If your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is accepted\n\nBailiffs will have to return any property they seized and the council or authority will decide what happens next if your challenge is successful.\n\n## If your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is refused\n\nThe Traffic Enforcement Centre (TEC) will review your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge if it\u2019s refused by the council or authority. You\u2019ll get a letter to tell you if your challenge is successful or not.\n\nIf it\u2019s not, you can ask a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision.\n\nThe council or authority that issued the PCN can also ask a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision.\n\n## Getting a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision\n\nSend application notice N244 to the TEC with your fee within 14 days of the date the decision was made.\n\nRead the N244 guidelines for help filling in the application.\n\n## Fee\n\nHow much you pay depends on whether you want to attend a hearing to present your case.\n\n| How you want your case to be decided | Fee |\n\n| With hearing at your local county court | \u00a3255 |\n\n| Without hearing by a district judge | \u00a3100 |\n\nIf you\u2019re on a low income, or you\u2019re on certain benefits and don\u2019t have much in savings, you might be able to get money off the fee.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Appealing to an independent tribunal

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to an independent tribunal against a penalty charge notice (PCN) if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if you\u2019ve already tried making making a formal challenge (\u2018representation\u2019).

    ", + "

    This includes any PCN issued in England or Wales for:

    ", + "
  • parking
    • ", + "
  • breaking traffic rules, for example going against a \u2018no right turn\u2019 sign or driving in a bus lane when you shouldn\u2019t
    • ", + "
  • not paying the Dartford Crossing, London congestion or low emissions zone charge on time
    • ", + "

    There are different ways to appeal in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    When to appeal

    ", + "

    You then have 28 days to appeal after you get a \u2018notice of rejection\u2019 to say your formal challenge has failed.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Find out how to appeal to:

    ", + "
  • London Tribunals if your PCN was issued in London
    • ", + "
  • the Traffic Penalty Tribunal if your PCN was issued outside London, in England or Wales - this includes PCNs from Dart Charge
    • ", + "

    If your appeal is successful the PCN will be cancelled and you won\u2019t have to pay anything.

    ", + "

    If your appeal fails

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have 28 days to pay the penalty charge notice (PCN) if your appeal is refused.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t pay within 28 days

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018charge certificate\u2019 and you\u2019ll have to pay 50% more within 14 days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a court order demanding payment if you don\u2019t pay a charge certificate within 14 days.

    ", + "

    If you get a court order

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have 21 days to pay the penalty charge notice (PCN) or challenge a court order demanding payment (known as an \u2018order of recovery\u2019).

    ", + "

    Bailiffs (\u2018enforcement agents\u2019) will be told to visit your home to collect what you owe if you don\u2019t pay or challenge within 21 days.

    ", + "

    When you can challenge

    ", + "

    You can challenge an order of recovery if you:

    ", + "
  • didn\u2019t get a \u2018notice to owner\u2019 telling you how to make a formal challenge
    • ", + "
  • made a formal challenge on time but didn\u2019t get a \u2018notice of rejection\u2019
    • ", + "
  • appealed to an independent tribunal on time but didn\u2019t get a response
    • ", + "
  • have proof you\u2019ve paid the penalty charge, such as a credit card statement
    • ", + "

    How to challenge

    ", + "

    The form you use to challenge an order of recovery depends on whether it relates to:

    ", + "
  • a parking PCN - use form TE9
    • ", + "
  • a Dart Charge PCN - use form TE9 Dart Charge
    • ", + "
  • a low emission zone PCN - use form PE3 vehicle emissions
    • ", + "
  • any other PCN, for example for driving in a bus lane - use form PE3
    • ", + "

    Send it to the Traffic Enforcement Centre (TEC) within 21 days.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get more time to challenge an order of recovery.

    ", + "

    If your challenge is successful

    ", + "

    The order of recovery will be withdrawn and bailiffs won\u2019t be able to seize your property.

    ", + "

    The council or authority that issued the PCN will then do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • cancel the PCN, for example because you paid it in full
    • ", + "
  • issue a new notice to owner - you\u2019ll have 28 days to pay or challenge
    • ", + "
  • refer your case to an independent tribunal
    • ", + "

    Getting more time to challenge a court order

    ", + "

    You can ask for more time to challenge a court order (\u2018order of recovery\u2019) if you:

    ", + "
  • were contacted about a penalty charge notice (PCN) you didn\u2019t know about
    • ", + "
  • were contacted about a paid or cancelled PCN
    • ", + "
  • didn\u2019t get a response to your formal challenge (\u2018representation\u2019) or appeal
    • ", + "

    Do this by making an \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge to the order of recovery.

    ", + "

    Making an \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge

    ", + "

    Use an \u2018out of time\u2019 form to explain why you\u2019re making a late challenge. Send it with the form you need to challenge the order of recovery.

    ", + "

    The \u2018out of time\u2019 form you use depends on whether it relates to:

    ", + "
  • a parking PCN
    • ", + "
  • a Dart Charge PCN
    • ", + "
  • any other PCN - for example for driving in a bus lane
    • ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Bailiffs will be told to stop any action while your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is considered by the council or authority that issued the PCN.

    ", + "

    If your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is accepted

    ", + "

    Bailiffs will have to return any property they seized and the council or authority will decide what happens next if your challenge is successful.

    ", + "

    If your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is refused

    ", + "

    The Traffic Enforcement Centre (TEC) will review your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge if it\u2019s refused by the council or authority. You\u2019ll get a letter to tell you if your challenge is successful or not.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s not, you can ask a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    The council or authority that issued the PCN can also ask a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Getting a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    Send application notice N244 to the TEC with your fee within 14 days of the date the decision was made.

    ", + "

    Read the N244 guidelines for help filling in the application.

    ", + "

    Fee

    ", + "

    How much you pay depends on whether you want to attend a hearing to present your case.

    ", + "How you want your case to be decided | Fee", + "With hearing at your local county court | \u00a3255", + "Without hearing by a district judge | \u00a3100", + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income, or you\u2019re on certain benefits and don\u2019t have much in savings, you might be able to get money off the fee.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/driving-disqualifications": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-disqualifications", + "title": "Driving disqualifications", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can be banned (disqualified) from driving if you are either:\n\n- convicted of a driving offence\n\n- get 12 or more penalty points (endorsements) within 3 years\n\nYou\u2019ll get a summons in the post that tells you when you must go to court.\n\nSome disqualification rules are different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## How long a driving ban will last\n\nThe court will decide how long the disqualification will last, based on how serious they think the offence is.\n\nYou can be banned from driving if you already have 12 or more penalty points on your licence. Your ban can last:\n\n- 6 months, if you get 12 or more penalty points within 3 years\n\n- 12 months, if you get a second disqualification within 3 years\n\n- 2 years, if you get a third disqualification within 3 years\n\n## Disqualified for 56 days or more\n\nIf you\u2019re disqualified for 56 days or more you must apply for a new licence before driving again.\n\nYou might also have to retake your driving test or take an extended driving test before getting your full licence. The court will tell you if you have to do this.\n\n## Disqualified for less than 56 days\n\nView your driving licence record online to check the disqualification. You cannot drive until it has ended.\n\nYou do not need to apply for a new licence before you can drive again.\n\n## Disqualification outside Great Britain\n\nYou cannot drive in Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man if you\u2019ve been banned from driving on your Great Britain driving licence.\n\nThis is called \u2018mutual recognition of disqualification\u2019. Disqualified drivers from Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man are also banned from driving in Great Britain.\n\n## Check when your disqualification ends\n\nYou can find the date your driving ban ends:\n\n- online\n\n- on the reminder form D27 that DVLA sends you 56 days before your disqualification ends\n\n- on the D27PH letter issued 90 days before certain drink-related disqualifications end\n\n- by contacting DVLA (if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact DVA)\n\n## Apply to reduce your disqualification period\n\nYou can ask the court to reduce your disqualification period after you\u2019ve been banned from driving for:\n\n- 2 years - if the disqualification was for fewer than 4 years\n\n- half the disqualification period - if it was for at least 4 but under 10 years\n\n- 5 years - if the disqualification was for 10 years or more\n\nYou must have a good reason for asking for the disqualification to be reduced. For example, if you think the court made a legal mistake or there were reasons you committed the driving offence that the court did not take into account.\n\nWrite to the court that disqualified you with the date of offence, date of conviction and any other supporting information.\n\nThe court will tell DVLA if it decides to reduce your disqualification period. If it does, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new licence.\n\nIf the court refuses your request you have to wait 3 months before you can ask again.\n\n## If your disqualification is reduced\n\n## Car or motorbike licences\n\nApply for a new licence by sending DVLA a completed form D1 \u2018Application for a driving licence\u2019, available from the DVLA form ordering service or most Post Offices. You must pay a fee.\n\n## Lorry or bus licences\n\nApply for a new licence by sending DVLA a completed form D2 \u2018Application for a lorry/bus licence\u2019, available from the DVLA form ordering service. You must pay a fee.\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nApply to the DVA to renew your licence.\n\n## If you need to retake your test\n\nIf the court told you that you must take another driving test before driving again, you\u2019ll have to apply for a new provisional licence.\n\nYou can drive as soon as your ban is over and you\u2019ve passed the tests you need to take.\n\n## How to get a new licence\n\n- DVLA will send you a reminder 56 days before your disqualification ends - use this to apply for a new provisional driving licence. If you did not get a reminder, order an application form instead. Order form D1 for a car and motorbike licence or form D2 for a lorry and bus licence.\n\n- Book and take a theory and practical test (or compulsory basic training and motorcycle practical test if you ride a motorcycle). Book and take an extended practical test if the court told you to take one. The extended practical test lasts at least 60 minutes and has higher fees.\n\n- When you\u2019ve passed the practical test, ask the examiner to arrange for your new licence to be sent to you - you can legally drive as soon as you\u2019ve passed the practical test.\n\nIf you want to drive a large vehicle (category C) or a bus (category D) the local traffic commissioner must agree - DVLA will ask them when you apply for your new full licence.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019ve got a licence from an EU country\n\nDo not apply for a provisional licence - you can use your EU driving licence to take the test instead.\n\nFollow the usual rules for learning to drive until you retake your test and pass.\n\n## Changes to your name and address while disqualified\n\nTell DVLA if you change your name or address while disqualified.\n\nWrite with details of your old and new address, name if changed, your driving licence number (if known) and date of birth.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Disqualification for drink-driving\n\nYou can be disqualified if you\u2019re found guilty of drink-driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply for a new licence after your disqualification ends.\n\nIf you\u2019re disqualified from driving for 12 months or more, you might be able to reduce your ban by taking a drink-drive rehabilitation course.\n\n## High risk offenders\n\nIf you\u2019re a \u2018high risk offender\u2019, you will not get your new licence until you can prove you\u2019re fit to drive again. You\u2019ll need to pass a medical examination with one of DVLA\u2019s appointed doctors.\n\nYou\u2019re a high risk offender if you:\n\n- were convicted of 2 drink driving offences within 10 years\n\n- were driving with an alcohol reading of at least 87.5 microgrammes of alcohol per 100 millilitres (ml) of breath, 200 milligrammes (mg) of alcohol per 100 ml of blood, or 267.5 mg of alcohol per 100 ml of urine\n\n- refused to give the police a sample of breath, blood or urine to test for alcohol\n\n- refused to allow a sample of your blood to be tested for alcohol (for example if it was taken when you were unconscious)\n\nYou\u2019ll get a D27PH renewal form 90 days before your disqualification ends. You must fill in the form and send it to DVLA to reapply for your licence.\n\n## Medical examination with a DVLA doctor\n\nOnce DVLA receive your application for a new licence, they\u2019ll send you the doctors details so you can make an appointment.\n\nYou have to pay for your examination.\n\nDuring the examination, you\u2019ll:\n\n- complete a questionnaire about your medical history and use of alcohol\n\n- take part in a physical examination\n\n- have your blood tested\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Disqualification for drug driving\n\nYou can be disqualified from driving for at least 1 year if you\u2019re found guilty of drug driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.\n\nYou must apply for a new licence before you can drive again.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can be banned (disqualified) from driving if you are either:

    ", + "
  • convicted of a driving offence
    • ", + "
  • get 12 or more penalty points (endorsements) within 3 years
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a summons in the post that tells you when you must go to court.

    ", + "

    Some disqualification rules are different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    How long a driving ban will last

    ", + "

    The court will decide how long the disqualification will last, based on how serious they think the offence is.

    ", + "

    You can be banned from driving if you already have 12 or more penalty points on your licence. Your ban can last:

    ", + "
  • 6 months, if you get 12 or more penalty points within 3 years
    • ", + "
  • 12 months, if you get a second disqualification within 3 years
    • ", + "
  • 2 years, if you get a third disqualification within 3 years
    • ", + "

    Disqualified for 56 days or more

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disqualified for 56 days or more you must apply for a new licence before driving again.

    ", + "

    You might also have to retake your driving test or take an extended driving test before getting your full licence. The court will tell you if you have to do this.

    ", + "

    Disqualified for less than 56 days

    ", + "

    View your driving licence record online to check the disqualification. You cannot drive until it has ended.

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply for a new licence before you can drive again.

    ", + "

    Disqualification outside Great Britain

    ", + "

    You cannot drive in Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man if you\u2019ve been banned from driving on your Great Britain driving licence.

    ", + "

    This is called \u2018mutual recognition of disqualification\u2019. Disqualified drivers from Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man are also banned from driving in Great Britain.

    ", + "

    Check when your disqualification ends

    ", + "

    You can find the date your driving ban ends:

    ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "
  • on the reminder form D27 that DVLA sends you 56 days before your disqualification ends
    • ", + "
  • on the D27PH letter issued 90 days before certain drink-related disqualifications end
    • ", + "
  • by contacting DVLA (if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact DVA)
    • ", + "

    Apply to reduce your disqualification period

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to reduce your disqualification period after you\u2019ve been banned from driving for:

    ", + "
  • 2 years - if the disqualification was for fewer than 4 years
    • ", + "
  • half the disqualification period - if it was for at least 4 but under 10 years
    • ", + "
  • 5 years - if the disqualification was for 10 years or more
    • ", + "

    You must have a good reason for asking for the disqualification to be reduced. For example, if you think the court made a legal mistake or there were reasons you committed the driving offence that the court did not take into account.

    ", + "

    Write to the court that disqualified you with the date of offence, date of conviction and any other supporting information.

    ", + "

    The court will tell DVLA if it decides to reduce your disqualification period. If it does, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new licence.

    ", + "

    If the court refuses your request you have to wait 3 months before you can ask again.

    ", + "

    If your disqualification is reduced

    ", + "

    Car or motorbike licences

    ", + "

    Apply for a new licence by sending DVLA a completed form D1 \u2018Application for a driving licence\u2019, available from the DVLA form ordering service or most Post Offices. You must pay a fee.

    ", + "

    Lorry or bus licences

    ", + "

    Apply for a new licence by sending DVLA a completed form D2 \u2018Application for a lorry/bus licence\u2019, available from the DVLA form ordering service. You must pay a fee.

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Apply to the DVA to renew your licence.

    ", + "

    If you need to retake your test

    ", + "

    If the court told you that you must take another driving test before driving again, you\u2019ll have to apply for a new provisional licence.

    ", + "

    You can drive as soon as your ban is over and you\u2019ve passed the tests you need to take.

    ", + "

    How to get a new licence

    ", + "
  • DVLA will send you a reminder 56 days before your disqualification ends - use this to apply for a new provisional driving licence. If you did not get a reminder, order an application form instead. Order form D1 for a car and motorbike licence or form D2 for a lorry and bus licence.
    • ", + "
  • Book and take a theory and practical test (or compulsory basic training and motorcycle practical test if you ride a motorcycle). Book and take an extended practical test if the court told you to take one. The extended practical test lasts at least 60 minutes and has higher fees.
    • ", + "
  • When you\u2019ve passed the practical test, ask the examiner to arrange for your new licence to be sent to you - you can legally drive as soon as you\u2019ve passed the practical test.
    • ", + "

    If you want to drive a large vehicle (category C) or a bus (category D) the local traffic commissioner must agree - DVLA will ask them when you apply for your new full licence.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve got a licence from an EU country

    ", + "

    Do not apply for a provisional licence - you can use your EU driving licence to take the test instead.

    ", + "

    Follow the usual rules for learning to drive until you retake your test and pass.

    ", + "

    Changes to your name and address while disqualified

    ", + "

    Tell DVLA if you change your name or address while disqualified.

    ", + "

    Write with details of your old and new address, name if changed, your driving licence number (if known) and date of birth.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Disqualification for drink-driving

    ", + "

    You can be disqualified if you\u2019re found guilty of drink-driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply for a new licence after your disqualification ends.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disqualified from driving for 12 months or more, you might be able to reduce your ban by taking a drink-drive rehabilitation course.

    ", + "

    High risk offenders

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a \u2018high risk offender\u2019, you will not get your new licence until you can prove you\u2019re fit to drive again. You\u2019ll need to pass a medical examination with one of DVLA\u2019s appointed doctors.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a high risk offender if you:

    ", + "
  • were convicted of 2 drink driving offences within 10 years
    • ", + "
  • were driving with an alcohol reading of at least 87.5 microgrammes of alcohol per 100 millilitres (ml) of breath, 200 milligrammes (mg) of alcohol per 100 ml of blood, or 267.5 mg of alcohol per 100 ml of urine
    • ", + "
  • refused to give the police a sample of breath, blood or urine to test for alcohol
    • ", + "
  • refused to allow a sample of your blood to be tested for alcohol (for example if it was taken when you were unconscious)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a D27PH renewal form 90 days before your disqualification ends. You must fill in the form and send it to DVLA to reapply for your licence.

    ", + "

    Medical examination with a DVLA doctor

    ", + "

    Once DVLA receive your application for a new licence, they\u2019ll send you the doctors details so you can make an appointment.

    ", + "

    You have to pay for your examination.

    ", + "

    During the examination, you\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • complete a questionnaire about your medical history and use of alcohol
    • ", + "
  • take part in a physical examination
    • ", + "
  • have your blood tested
    • ", + "

    The process is different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Disqualification for drug driving

    ", + "

    You can be disqualified from driving for at least 1 year if you\u2019re found guilty of drug driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.

    ", + "

    You must apply for a new licence before you can drive again.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad", + "title": "Driving abroad", + "content": "## Driving abroad on holiday\n\nYou need to take your Great Britain or Northern Ireland driving licence with you to drive abroad. Check yours is still valid and renew your driving licence online if it\u2019s expired or about to expire. You\u2019ll need to apply to renew your licence at least a week before you travel.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking your own vehicle, you also need to take your log book (V5C) and your insurance certificate.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking a vehicle abroad that you\u2019ve hired or leased in the UK, you\u2019ll need a VE103 certificate.\n\n## Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou might need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. Check if you need an IDP.\n\nYou can get IDPs over the counter at the Post Office. You might need one for each country you\u2019re visiting.\n\nDo not apply for an IDP if you\u2019re moving abroad. You\u2019ll need to either exchange your UK licence or apply for a new one in the country you\u2019re moving to.\n\n## Check the overseas driving rules\n\nMake sure you follow overseas driving rules, including local speed limits and drink driving laws. You may be breaking the law and get a fine if you do not.\n\nDepending on the country you\u2019re visiting you may need:\n\n- extra equipment - for example, you need a reflective jacket and a warning triangle in many countries\n\n- emission stickers (permits) in some European cities - you may need to buy these weeks before you go abroad\n\n- headlight converter stickers\n\n- a GB sticker\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, it\u2019s your responsibility to check you have the equipment you need.\n\nCheck what you need to do if you\u2019re driving in the EU.\n\nCheck the travel advice for all countries.\n\n## Check your insurance if you\u2019re taking your own vehicle\n\nYour UK vehicle insurance gives you a minimum of third party cover to drive your vehicle in EU countries. Check with your insurer if your policy covers extra things like theft or damage.\n\nYou need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 for your vehicle if you\u2019re driving in:\n\n- the EU (including Ireland)\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Iceland\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Norway\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Switzerland\n\nIn other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card to show you\u2019re covered. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re driving in.\n\n## Towing your trailer or caravan abroad\n\nCheck if you need to register your trailer before you can take it abroad.\n\nWhen driving in the EU (including Ireland), Andorra, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Serbia and Switzerland, you need to carry a separate green card for both:\n\n- the vehicle you\u2019re driving\n\n- the trailer or caravan you\u2019re towing\n\nIn other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card for each trailer or caravan you tow. Check what you need to bring with your insurer before you travel.\n\n## Hiring a car abroad\n\nYour hire company may ask to see your driving licence information when you pick up the car. You can share this by getting a licence \u2018check code\u2019. You can do this up to 21 days before your trip.\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, insurance is included. Check what you\u2019re covered for with the hire company.\n\n## Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou may need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. The permit you may need depends on:\n\n- which country you\u2019re visiting\n\n- how long you\u2019re staying\n\nYou need to have a valid Great Britain (GB) or Northern Ireland driving licence to get an IDP.\n\n## Driving in Europe\n\nYou do not need an IDP to drive in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein if you have a photocard driving licence issued in the UK.\n\nYou might need an IDP to drive in some EU countries and Norway if you have either:\n\n- a paper driving licence\n\n- a licence issued in Gibraltar, Guernsey, Jersey or the Isle of Man\n\nCheck with the embassy of the country you will be driving in.\n\n## Check which IDP you need\n\nCheck the table to find out if you need an IDP. There are 3 types of IDP:\n\n- 1926\n\n- 1949\n\n- 1968\n\nThe IDP you need depends on what country you\u2019re visiting.\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling through more than one country, you might need more than one type of IDP.\n\nIf the country you\u2019re visiting is not included in the table, check with the embassy of the country you\u2019re travelling to.\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, check with your car hire company.\n\nIf you already have an IDP, make sure it\u2019s still valid in the country you\u2019re visiting.\n\n| Country or territory | Type of IDP | More information |\n\n| Albania | 1968 | |\n\n| Algeria | 1949 | |\n\n| Andorra | 1949 | |\n\n| Argentina | 1949 | |\n\n| Armenia | 1968 | |\n\n| Australia | 1949 | |\n\n| Austria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Azerbaijan | 1968 | |\n\n| Bahamas | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Bahrain | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days. You must get your permit certified by local authorities when you arrive. |\n\n| Bangladesh | 1949 | |\n\n| Barbados | 1949 | |\n\n| Belarus | 1968 | |\n\n| Belgium | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Belgian Embassy. |\n\n| Benin | 1949 | |\n\n| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1968 | |\n\n| Botswana | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire. |\n\n| Brazil | 1968 | You need to get a certified translation of your IDP from the British consulate. |\n\n| Bulgaria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Burkina Faso | 1949 | |\n\n| Cambodia | 1949 | |\n\n| Canada | 1949 | |\n\n| Cape Verde | 1968 | |\n\n| Central African Republic | 1968 | |\n\n| Chile | 1949 | |\n\n| Congo | 1949 | |\n\n| Cote d\u2019Ivoire (Ivory Coast) | 1968 | |\n\n| Croatia | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Croatian Embassy. |\n\n| Cuba | 1968 | |\n\n| Cyprus | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for visits up to 30 days. For visits longer than 30 days you will need a 1949 IDP. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP for any length of visit. Check with the High Commission of Cyprus. |\n\n| Czech Republic | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Czech Republic Embassy. |\n\n| Democratic Republic of Congo | 1968 | |\n\n| Denmark | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. |\n\n| Dominican Republic | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Ecuador | 1949 | |\n\n| Egypt | 1949 | |\n\n| Estonia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for up to 90 days in any 180-day period. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Estonian Embassy. |\n\n| Eswatini (previously Swaziland) | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Fiji | 1949 | |\n\n| Finland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| France | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the French Embassy. |\n\n| French Polynesia | 1968 | |\n\n| Georgia | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Germany | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the German Embassy. |\n\n| Ghana | 1949 | |\n\n| Greece | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Guam | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Guatemala | 1949 | |\n\n| Guyana | 1968 | |\n\n| Haiti | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Hungary | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Hungarian Embassy. |\n\n| Iceland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 30 days. |\n\n| India | 1949 | |\n\n| Iran | 1968 | |\n\n| Iraq | 1968 | |\n\n| Ireland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. |\n\n| Israel | 1968 | |\n\n| Italy | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Italian Embassy. |\n\n| Jamaica | 1949 | |\n\n| Japan | 1949 | |\n\n| Jordan | 1949 | |\n\n| Kazakhstan | 1968 | |\n\n| Kenya | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Kuwait | 1968 | |\n\n| Kyrgyzstan | 1968 | |\n\n| Laos | 1949 | |\n\n| Latvia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Lebanon | 1949 | |\n\n| Lesotho | 1949 | |\n\n| Liberia | 1968 | |\n\n| Libya | 1949 | |\n\n| Liechtenstein | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Lithuania | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Luxembourg | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Macao (Macau) | 1949 | |\n\n| Madagascar | 1949 | |\n\n| Malawi | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Malaysia (Sabah) | 1949 | |\n\n| Mali | 1949 | |\n\n| Malta | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP. Check with the Malta High Commission. |\n\n| Mexico | 1926 | |\n\n| Moldova | 1968 | |\n\n| Monaco | 1968 | |\n\n| Mongolia | 1968 | |\n\n| Montenegro | 1968 | |\n\n| Morocco | 1968 | |\n\n| Myanmar (previously Burma) | 1968 | |\n\n| Namibia | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Netherlands | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| New Zealand | 1949 | |\n\n| Niger | 1968 | |\n\n| Nigeria | 1968 | |\n\n| North Macedonia | 1968 | |\n\n| Norway | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Norwegian Embassy. |\n\n| Pakistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Papua New Guinea | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Paraguay | 1949 | |\n\n| Peru | 1968 | |\n\n| Philippines | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Poland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Portugal | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Qatar | 1968 | |\n\n| Romania | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Romanian Embassy. |\n\n| Russian Federation | 1968 | |\n\n| Rwanda | 1949 | |\n\n| San Marino | 1968 | |\n\n| Saudi Arabia | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire. |\n\n| Senegal | 1968 | |\n\n| Serbia | 1968 | |\n\n| Seychelles | 1968 | |\n\n| Sierra Leone | 1949 | |\n\n| Singapore | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Slovakia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. For visits longer than 6 months you\u2019ll need a 1968 IDP. |\n\n| Slovenia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. |\n\n| Somalia | 1926 | |\n\n| South Africa | 1968 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| South Korea | 1949 | |\n\n| Spain (including Balearic and Canary Isles) | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Sri Lanka | 1949 | As well as the IDP, you must get a Sri Lankan recognition permit from the Automobile Association of Ceylon (AAC) in Colombo. |\n\n| St. Lucia | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence. |\n\n| St. Vincent | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence. |\n\n| Sweden | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. |\n\n| Switzerland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Syria | 1949 | |\n\n| Tajikistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Taiwan | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Thailand | 1949 | |\n\n| Togo | 1949 | |\n\n| Trinidad & Tobago | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Tunisia | 1968 | |\n\n| Turkey | 1968 | |\n\n| Turkmenistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Uganda | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Ukraine | 1968 | |\n\n| United Arab Emirates | 1968 | |\n\n| United States | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Uruguay | 1968 | |\n\n| Uzbekistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Vatican City | 1949 | |\n\n| Venezuela | 1949 | |\n\n| Vietnam | 1968 | |\n\n| Zimbabwe | 1968 | |\n\n## Get an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou can get an IDP over the counter at the Post Office.\n\nThey cost \u00a35.50 and you must:\n\n- live in Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- have a full UK driving licence\n\n- be 18 or over\n\nCheck if you need an IDP first.\n\nA 1926 or 1949 permit lasts for 12 months. A 1968 permit lasts for 3 years or until your UK driving licence expires, whichever comes first.\n\n## Driving if you move abroad\n\nYou need to get a local driving licence if you move abroad. Check with the driving licence authorities there to find out how to apply.\n\nIn some countries you can exchange your UK licence without taking another driving test.\n\nIf you move to an EU country, check the rules for exchanging your licence in the EU.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Driving abroad on holiday

    ", + "

    You need to take your Great Britain or Northern Ireland driving licence with you to drive abroad. Check yours is still valid and renew your driving licence online if it\u2019s expired or about to expire. You\u2019ll need to apply to renew your licence at least a week before you travel.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking your own vehicle, you also need to take your log book (V5C) and your insurance certificate.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking a vehicle abroad that you\u2019ve hired or leased in the UK, you\u2019ll need a VE103 certificate.

    ", + "

    Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)

    ", + "

    You might need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. Check if you need an IDP.

    ", + "

    You can get IDPs over the counter at the Post Office. You might need one for each country you\u2019re visiting.

    ", + "

    Do not apply for an IDP if you\u2019re moving abroad. You\u2019ll need to either exchange your UK licence or apply for a new one in the country you\u2019re moving to.

    ", + "

    Check the overseas driving rules

    ", + "

    Make sure you follow overseas driving rules, including local speed limits and drink driving laws. You may be breaking the law and get a fine if you do not.

    ", + "

    Depending on the country you\u2019re visiting you may need:

    ", + "
  • extra equipment - for example, you need a reflective jacket and a warning triangle in many countries
    • ", + "
  • emission stickers (permits) in some European cities - you may need to buy these weeks before you go abroad
    • ", + "
  • headlight converter stickers
    • ", + "
  • a GB sticker
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re hiring a car, it\u2019s your responsibility to check you have the equipment you need.

    ", + "

    Check what you need to do if you\u2019re driving in the EU.

    ", + "

    Check the travel advice for all countries.

    ", + "

    Check your insurance if you\u2019re taking your own vehicle

    ", + "

    Your UK vehicle insurance gives you a minimum of third party cover to drive your vehicle in EU countries. Check with your insurer if your policy covers extra things like theft or damage.

    ", + "

    You need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 for your vehicle if you\u2019re driving in:

    ", + "
  • the EU (including Ireland)
    • ", + "
  • Andorra
    • ", + "
  • Iceland
    • ", + "
  • Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "

    In other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card to show you\u2019re covered. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re driving in.

    ", + "

    Towing your trailer or caravan abroad

    ", + "

    Check if you need to register your trailer before you can take it abroad.

    ", + "

    When driving in the EU (including Ireland), Andorra, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Serbia and Switzerland, you need to carry a separate green card for both:

    ", + "
  • the vehicle you\u2019re driving
    • ", + "
  • the trailer or caravan you\u2019re towing
    • ", + "

    In other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card for each trailer or caravan you tow. Check what you need to bring with your insurer before you travel.

    ", + "

    Hiring a car abroad

    ", + "

    Your hire company may ask to see your driving licence information when you pick up the car. You can share this by getting a licence \u2018check code\u2019. You can do this up to 21 days before your trip.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re hiring a car, insurance is included. Check what you\u2019re covered for with the hire company.

    ", + "

    Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)

    ", + "

    You may need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. The permit you may need depends on:

    ", + "
  • which country you\u2019re visiting
    • ", + "
  • how long you\u2019re staying
    • ", + "

    You need to have a valid Great Britain (GB) or Northern Ireland driving licence to get an IDP.

    ", + "

    Driving in Europe

    ", + "

    You do not need an IDP to drive in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein if you have a photocard driving licence issued in the UK.

    ", + "

    You might need an IDP to drive in some EU countries and Norway if you have either:

    ", + "
  • a paper driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a licence issued in Gibraltar, Guernsey, Jersey or the Isle of Man
    • ", + "

    Check with the embassy of the country you will be driving in.

    ", + "

    Check which IDP you need

    ", + "

    Check the table to find out if you need an IDP. There are 3 types of IDP:

    ", + "
  • 1926
    • ", + "
  • 1949
    • ", + "
  • 1968
    • ", + "

    The IDP you need depends on what country you\u2019re visiting.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling through more than one country, you might need more than one type of IDP.

    ", + "

    If the country you\u2019re visiting is not included in the table, check with the embassy of the country you\u2019re travelling to.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re hiring a car, check with your car hire company.

    ", + "

    If you already have an IDP, make sure it\u2019s still valid in the country you\u2019re visiting.

    ", + "Country or territory | Type of IDP | More information", + "Albania | 1968 | ", + "Algeria | 1949 | ", + "Andorra | 1949 | ", + "Argentina | 1949 | ", + "Armenia | 1968 | ", + "Australia | 1949 | ", + "Austria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "Azerbaijan | 1968 | ", + "Bahamas | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Bahrain | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days. You must get your permit certified by local authorities when you arrive.", + "Bangladesh | 1949 | ", + "Barbados | 1949 | ", + "Belarus | 1968 | ", + "Belgium | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Belgian Embassy.", + "Benin | 1949 | ", + "Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1968 | ", + "Botswana | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire.", + "Brazil | 1968 | You need to get a certified translation of your IDP from the British consulate.", + "Bulgaria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "Burkina Faso | 1949 | ", + "Cambodia | 1949 | ", + "Canada | 1949 | ", + "Cape Verde | 1968 | ", + "Central African Republic | 1968 | ", + "Chile | 1949 | ", + "Congo | 1949 | ", + "Cote d\u2019Ivoire (Ivory Coast) | 1968 | ", + "Croatia | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Croatian Embassy.", + "Cuba | 1968 | ", + "Cyprus | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for visits up to 30 days. For visits longer than 30 days you will need a 1949 IDP. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP for any length of visit. Check with the High Commission of Cyprus.", + "Czech Republic | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Czech Republic Embassy.", + "Democratic Republic of Congo | 1968 | ", + "Denmark | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days.", + "Dominican Republic | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Ecuador | 1949 | ", + "Egypt | 1949 | ", + "Estonia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for up to 90 days in any 180-day period. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Estonian Embassy.", + "Eswatini (previously Swaziland) | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident.", + "Fiji | 1949 | ", + "Finland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "France | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the French Embassy.", + "French Polynesia | 1968 | ", + "Georgia | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Germany | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the German Embassy.", + "Ghana | 1949 | ", + "Greece | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "Guam | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident.", + "Guatemala | 1949 | ", + "Guyana | 1968 | ", + "Haiti | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Hungary | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Hungarian Embassy.", + "Iceland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 30 days.", + "India | 1949 | ", + "Iran | 1968 | ", + "Iraq | 1968 | ", + "Ireland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months.", + "Israel | 1968 | ", + "Italy | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Italian Embassy.", + "Jamaica | 1949 | ", + "Japan | 1949 | ", + "Jordan | 1949 | ", + "Kazakhstan | 1968 | ", + "Kenya | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Kuwait | 1968 | ", + "Kyrgyzstan | 1968 | ", + "Laos | 1949 | ", + "Latvia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "Lebanon | 1949 | ", + "Lesotho | 1949 | ", + "Liberia | 1968 | ", + "Libya | 1949 | ", + "Liechtenstein | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "Lithuania | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months.", + "Luxembourg | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months.", + "Macao (Macau) | 1949 | ", + "Madagascar | 1949 | ", + "Malawi | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Malaysia (Sabah) | 1949 | ", + "Mali | 1949 | ", + "Malta | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP. Check with the Malta High Commission.", + "Mexico | 1926 | ", + "Moldova | 1968 | ", + "Monaco | 1968 | ", + "Mongolia | 1968 | ", + "Montenegro | 1968 | ", + "Morocco | 1968 | ", + "Myanmar (previously Burma) | 1968 | ", + "Namibia | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident.", + "Netherlands | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "New Zealand | 1949 | ", + "Niger | 1968 | ", + "Nigeria | 1968 | ", + "North Macedonia | 1968 | ", + "Norway | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Norwegian Embassy.", + "Pakistan | 1968 | ", + "Papua New Guinea | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days.", + "Paraguay | 1949 | ", + "Peru | 1968 | ", + "Philippines | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Poland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months.", + "Portugal | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months.", + "Qatar | 1968 | ", + "Romania | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Romanian Embassy.", + "Russian Federation | 1968 | ", + "Rwanda | 1949 | ", + "San Marino | 1968 | ", + "Saudi Arabia | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire.", + "Senegal | 1968 | ", + "Serbia | 1968 | ", + "Seychelles | 1968 | ", + "Sierra Leone | 1949 | ", + "Singapore | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 30 days.", + "Slovakia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. For visits longer than 6 months you\u2019ll need a 1968 IDP.", + "Slovenia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days.", + "Somalia | 1926 | ", + "South Africa | 1968 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident.", + "South Korea | 1949 | ", + "Spain (including Balearic and Canary Isles) | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months.", + "Sri Lanka | 1949 | As well as the IDP, you must get a Sri Lankan recognition permit from the Automobile Association of Ceylon (AAC) in Colombo.", + "St. Lucia | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence.", + "St. Vincent | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence.", + "Sweden | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months.", + "Switzerland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here.", + "Syria | 1949 | ", + "Tajikistan | 1968 | ", + "Taiwan | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days.", + "Thailand | 1949 | ", + "Togo | 1949 | ", + "Trinidad & Tobago | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Tunisia | 1968 | ", + "Turkey | 1968 | ", + "Turkmenistan | 1968 | ", + "Uganda | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days.", + "Ukraine | 1968 | ", + "United Arab Emirates | 1968 | ", + "United States | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident.", + "Uruguay | 1968 | ", + "Uzbekistan | 1968 | ", + "Vatican City | 1949 | ", + "Venezuela | 1949 | ", + "Vietnam | 1968 | ", + "Zimbabwe | 1968 | ", + "

    Get an international driving permit (IDP)

    ", + "

    You can get an IDP over the counter at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    They cost \u00a35.50 and you must:

    ", + "
  • live in Great Britain or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • have a full UK driving licence
    • ", + "
  • be 18 or over
    • ", + "

    Check if you need an IDP first.

    ", + "

    A 1926 or 1949 permit lasts for 12 months. A 1968 permit lasts for 3 years or until your UK driving licence expires, whichever comes first.

    ", + "

    Driving if you move abroad

    ", + "

    You need to get a local driving licence if you move abroad. Check with the driving licence authorities there to find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    In some countries you can exchange your UK licence without taking another driving test.

    ", + "

    If you move to an EU country, check the rules for exchanging your licence in the EU.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/taking-vehicles-out-of-uk": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-vehicles-out-of-uk", + "title": "Taking a vehicle out of the UK", + "content": "## For 12 months or more\n\nYou must tell DVLA if you\u2019re taking your vehicle out of the UK, including to the Channel Islands (Jersey and Guernsey), Isle of Man or Ireland, for 12 months or more.\n\nThis is known as permanent export. You\u2019ll need to:\n\n- Fill in the \u2018permanent export\u2019 section of your vehicle log book (V5C) and detach it from the log book.\n\n- Send the completed \u2018permanent export\u2019 section to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1BD. Include a letter if you\u2019ve moved abroad and want your vehicle tax refund (if you\u2019re entitled to one) sent to your new address.\n\n- Keep the rest of your log book (V5C) - you need it to register your vehicle in the country you\u2019re taking it to.\n\n- Update the address on your driving licence if you\u2019re moving home.\n\nIf you\u2019re due a refund, it will take longer than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). The refund is worked out from the date DVLA gets your \u2018permanent export\u2019 section.\n\nIf you\u2019re buying a vehicle to take abroad make sure the seller follows the correct process for vehicles that will be registered in another country. They must give you the full log book (V5C) - not just the new keeper slip.\n\n## If you do not have a vehicle log book (V5C)\n\n## Before you leave the UK\n\nYou need to get a vehicle log book (V5C) before you leave the UK. DVLA cannot send a vehicle log book to an address outside the UK.\n\nWhen you get your log book, fill in and send the \u2018permanent export\u2019 section to DVLA.\n\nIt will take longer than usual to get your V5C log book because of coronavirus. If you do not receive it before you leave the UK, contact the driving authority of the country you\u2019re travelling to to find out what documents you need.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already left the UK\n\nContact the driving authority of the country you\u2019re taking the vehicle to. They\u2019ll tell you what documents you\u2019ll need to provide to register the vehicle there.\n\nYou also need to send a letter to DVLA to tell them you\u2019ve taken the vehicle out of the country. Include:\n\n- your name and address\n\n- the date you took the vehicle out of the country\n\n- where DVLA can send the vehicle tax refund (if you\u2019re entitled to one)\n\n## If you cannot get a vehicle log book (V5C)\n\nContact the driving authority of the country you\u2019re taking the vehicle to - they\u2019ll tell you how to register your vehicle.\n\nSend a letter to DVLA to tell them you\u2019ve taken the vehicle out of the country. Include:\n\n- your name and address\n\n- the date you took the vehicle out of the country\n\n- where DVLA can send the vehicle tax refund\n\n## If the \u2018permanent export\u2019 section is missing\n\nIf the \u2018permanent export\u2019 section is not in the log book, send a letter to DVLA to tell them you\u2019ve taken the vehicle out of the country. Include:\n\n- your name and address\n\n- the date you took the vehicle out of the country\n\n## Moving your vehicle between Great Britain and Northern Ireland\n\nFill in the change of address section in your log book and send it to DVLA.\n\n## Personalised registrations\n\nYou\u2019ll need to transfer or retain your personalised registration before exporting your vehicle. Otherwise you\u2019ll lose your right to the registration number.\n\n## For less than 12 months\n\nYou must take your vehicle log book (V5C) with you if you\u2019re taking your vehicle abroad for less than 12 months. You may have to show it if you\u2019re stopped at a port or while driving abroad.\n\nYour V5C must show your most recent address in the UK.\n\nApply in advance if you need to get a V5C or update your V5C before you travel. It will take longer than usual to get your new V5C because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nUK law still applies to a UK-registered vehicle if you take it abroad for less than 12 months. That means you need to make sure:\n\n- your vehicle is taxed in the UK while it\u2019s abroad\n\n- you have a current MOT\n\n- you have insurance\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to make sure you meet any international or national conditions for licensing and taxation.\n\n## Check if you need to pay import duty\n\nYou may need to pay import duty on your vehicle if you take it outside the UK. Check with the authorities in the country you\u2019re taking your vehicle to.\n\nYou do not need to pay import duty to take your vehicle from Northern Ireland to Great Britain or the EU.\n\nIf you\u2019re going to a non-EU country that charges duty, you can buy a CPD Carnet. This lets you take your vehicle into the country temporarily without paying duty. It can also make crossing the border simpler.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee and a deposit. You usually get the carnet within 4 weeks of applying.\n\n## Taking a vehicle to Liechtenstein, Mexico or Somalia\n\nYou must take an International Certificate for Motor Vehicles (ICMV) with you as well as your V5C.\n\nApply for an ICMV.\n\n## Bringing your vehicle back untaxed\n\nIf you bring your vehicle back to the UK untaxed you cannot drive it back into the UK - it\u2019ll have to be transported and a SORN (Statutory Off Road Notification) must be made straight away.\n\n## Taking hired or leased vehicles abroad temporarily\n\nYou\u2019ll need a VE103 vehicle on hire certificate to show you\u2019re allowed to use a hired or leased vehicle if you\u2019re driving it abroad.\n\nYou can get a VE103 for a fee from the:\n\n- British Vehicle Rental and Leasing Association (BVRLA)\n\n- Logistics UK\n\n- RAC Motoring Services\n\n- Road Haulage Association (RHA)\n\n## Taxes if you buy a new vehicle to take abroad\n\nIf you buy a new or used vehicle to take out of the UK, you might not have to pay UK VAT or vehicle taxes such as the registration fee.\n\nWhat you pay and how you pay it depends on where you\u2019re exporting to and from.\n\n## Export your vehicle with the Personal Export Scheme\n\nYou may be able to use the Personal Export Scheme to take a new or used vehicle:\n\n- from Great Britain to anywhere outside the UK\n\n- from Northern Ireland to a non-EU country\n\nWhen you buy a new vehicle and export under the scheme, you do not pay UK VAT. But you still have to pay vehicle taxes and the registration fee.\n\nYou must be planning to leave the UK for at least 6 months with the vehicle. You usually have to be personally driving your vehicle.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nFill in form VAT 410 (your supplier will give you a copy) and give it to your supplier.\n\nYou can drive the vehicle in the UK for up to 6 months after the delivery date (or 12 months for non-UK and non-EU residents) - it must then be exported.\n\nThe date for export of the vehicle is shown on the VX302 (for new cars) or the VAT 410 (for used cars).\n\nAfter export send the DVLA the:\n\n- VX302 - new vehicles\n\n- V5C - second-hand vehicles\n\nIf you do not export the vehicle on time you\u2019ll have to pay the UK VAT.\n\n## Export your vehicle from Northern Ireland to the EU\n\nIf you buy a new vehicle in Northern Ireland to take to an EU country, you do not have to pay UK VAT if you:\n\n- take the vehicle out of the UK within 2 months\n\n- do not drive the vehicle in the UK unless you register and tax it\n\nYour supplier will get you to fill in form VAT 411.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to declare your vehicle and pay VAT in the other country when you get there.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    For 12 months or more

    ", + "

    You must tell DVLA if you\u2019re taking your vehicle out of the UK, including to the Channel Islands (Jersey and Guernsey), Isle of Man or Ireland, for 12 months or more.

    ", + "

    This is known as permanent export. You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • Fill in the \u2018permanent export\u2019 section of your vehicle log book (V5C) and detach it from the log book.
    • ", + "
  • Send the completed \u2018permanent export\u2019 section to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1BD. Include a letter if you\u2019ve moved abroad and want your vehicle tax refund (if you\u2019re entitled to one) sent to your new address.
    • ", + "
  • Keep the rest of your log book (V5C) - you need it to register your vehicle in the country you\u2019re taking it to.
    • ", + "
  • Update the address on your driving licence if you\u2019re moving home.
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re due a refund, it will take longer than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). The refund is worked out from the date DVLA gets your \u2018permanent export\u2019 section.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying a vehicle to take abroad make sure the seller follows the correct process for vehicles that will be registered in another country. They must give you the full log book (V5C) - not just the new keeper slip.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a vehicle log book (V5C)

    ", + "

    Before you leave the UK

    ", + "

    You need to get a vehicle log book (V5C) before you leave the UK. DVLA cannot send a vehicle log book to an address outside the UK.

    ", + "

    When you get your log book, fill in and send the \u2018permanent export\u2019 section to DVLA.

    ", + "

    It will take longer than usual to get your V5C log book because of coronavirus. If you do not receive it before you leave the UK, contact the driving authority of the country you\u2019re travelling to to find out what documents you need.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already left the UK

    ", + "

    Contact the driving authority of the country you\u2019re taking the vehicle to. They\u2019ll tell you what documents you\u2019ll need to provide to register the vehicle there.

    ", + "

    You also need to send a letter to DVLA to tell them you\u2019ve taken the vehicle out of the country. Include:

    ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • the date you took the vehicle out of the country
    • ", + "
  • where DVLA can send the vehicle tax refund (if you\u2019re entitled to one)
    • ", + "

    If you cannot get a vehicle log book (V5C)

    ", + "

    Contact the driving authority of the country you\u2019re taking the vehicle to - they\u2019ll tell you how to register your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Send a letter to DVLA to tell them you\u2019ve taken the vehicle out of the country. Include:

    ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • the date you took the vehicle out of the country
    • ", + "
  • where DVLA can send the vehicle tax refund
    • ", + "

    If the \u2018permanent export\u2019 section is missing

    ", + "

    If the \u2018permanent export\u2019 section is not in the log book, send a letter to DVLA to tell them you\u2019ve taken the vehicle out of the country. Include:

    ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • the date you took the vehicle out of the country
    • ", + "

    Moving your vehicle between Great Britain and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Fill in the change of address section in your log book and send it to DVLA.

    ", + "

    Personalised registrations

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to transfer or retain your personalised registration before exporting your vehicle. Otherwise you\u2019ll lose your right to the registration number.

    ", + "

    For less than 12 months

    ", + "

    You must take your vehicle log book (V5C) with you if you\u2019re taking your vehicle abroad for less than 12 months. You may have to show it if you\u2019re stopped at a port or while driving abroad.

    ", + "

    Your V5C must show your most recent address in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply in advance if you need to get a V5C or update your V5C before you travel. It will take longer than usual to get your new V5C because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    UK law still applies to a UK-registered vehicle if you take it abroad for less than 12 months. That means you need to make sure:

    ", + "
  • your vehicle is taxed in the UK while it\u2019s abroad
    • ", + "
  • you have a current MOT
    • ", + "
  • you have insurance
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to make sure you meet any international or national conditions for licensing and taxation.

    ", + "

    Check if you need to pay import duty

    ", + "

    You may need to pay import duty on your vehicle if you take it outside the UK. Check with the authorities in the country you\u2019re taking your vehicle to.

    ", + "

    You do not need to pay import duty to take your vehicle from Northern Ireland to Great Britain or the EU.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re going to a non-EU country that charges duty, you can buy a CPD Carnet. This lets you take your vehicle into the country temporarily without paying duty. It can also make crossing the border simpler.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a fee and a deposit. You usually get the carnet within 4 weeks of applying.

    ", + "

    Taking a vehicle to Liechtenstein, Mexico or Somalia

    ", + "

    You must take an International Certificate for Motor Vehicles (ICMV) with you as well as your V5C.

    ", + "

    Apply for an ICMV.

    ", + "

    Bringing your vehicle back untaxed

    ", + "

    If you bring your vehicle back to the UK untaxed you cannot drive it back into the UK - it\u2019ll have to be transported and a SORN (Statutory Off Road Notification) must be made straight away.

    ", + "

    Taking hired or leased vehicles abroad temporarily

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a VE103 vehicle on hire certificate to show you\u2019re allowed to use a hired or leased vehicle if you\u2019re driving it abroad.

    ", + "

    You can get a VE103 for a fee from the:

    ", + "
  • British Vehicle Rental and Leasing Association (BVRLA)
    • ", + "
  • Logistics UK
    • ", + "
  • RAC Motoring Services
    • ", + "
  • Road Haulage Association (RHA)
    • ", + "

    Taxes if you buy a new vehicle to take abroad

    ", + "

    If you buy a new or used vehicle to take out of the UK, you might not have to pay UK VAT or vehicle taxes such as the registration fee.

    ", + "

    What you pay and how you pay it depends on where you\u2019re exporting to and from.

    ", + "

    Export your vehicle with the Personal Export Scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to use the Personal Export Scheme to take a new or used vehicle:

    ", + "
  • from Great Britain to anywhere outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • from Northern Ireland to a non-EU country
    • ", + "

    When you buy a new vehicle and export under the scheme, you do not pay UK VAT. But you still have to pay vehicle taxes and the registration fee.

    ", + "

    You must be planning to leave the UK for at least 6 months with the vehicle. You usually have to be personally driving your vehicle.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    Fill in form VAT 410 (your supplier will give you a copy) and give it to your supplier.

    ", + "

    You can drive the vehicle in the UK for up to 6 months after the delivery date (or 12 months for non-UK and non-EU residents) - it must then be exported.

    ", + "

    The date for export of the vehicle is shown on the VX302 (for new cars) or the VAT 410 (for used cars).

    ", + "

    After export send the DVLA the:

    ", + "
  • VX302 - new vehicles
    • ", + "
  • V5C - second-hand vehicles
    • ", + "

    If you do not export the vehicle on time you\u2019ll have to pay the UK VAT.

    ", + "

    Export your vehicle from Northern Ireland to the EU

    ", + "

    If you buy a new vehicle in Northern Ireland to take to an EU country, you do not have to pay UK VAT if you:

    ", + "
  • take the vehicle out of the UK within 2 months
    • ", + "
  • do not drive the vehicle in the UK unless you register and tax it
    • ", + "

    Your supplier will get you to fill in form VAT 411.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to declare your vehicle and pay VAT in the other country when you get there.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/importing-vehicles-into-the-uk": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/importing-vehicles-into-the-uk", + "title": "Importing vehicles into the UK", + "content": "## How to import a vehicle\n\nYou must complete certain steps as soon as you bring a vehicle into the UK permanently.\n\nYou can pay an importer or shipping company to do them for you.\n\n- Tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 14 days that the vehicle has arrived in the UK.\n\n- Pay VAT and duty if HMRC tells you to.\n\n- Get vehicle approval to show your vehicle meets safety and environmental standards.\n\n- Register and tax the vehicle with DVLA - they\u2019ll give you a registration number so you can get number plates made up.\n\nYou must also insure your vehicle before you drive it on UK roads.\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you use your vehicle on a public road before you complete these steps, unless you\u2019re driving it to a pre-booked MOT or vehicle approval test.\n\nCommercial importers of new vehicles that use a secure registration scheme do not have to follow these steps.\n\n## Importing a damaged or modified vehicle\n\nIf your vehicle has been damaged or modified in another country, DVLA may:\n\n- give your vehicle a Q registration number\n\n- put a marker on your vehicle log book (V5C) - to show that your vehicle has been altered or assembled using different parts\n\n## Bringing your vehicle in or out of Northern Ireland\n\nIf you are a UK resident you can move your vehicle freely between Great Britain and Northern Ireland if all of the following apply:\n\n- it\u2019s registered in either country\n\n- you\u2019re not moving it to sell it, or for any other commercial purpose (for example, using the car as a taxi or hiring it to someone)\n\n- the car is for your own or your household\u2019s personal use\n\nFind out what to do if someone else is bringing your vehicle to Northern Ireland.\n\nTell DVLA about the change of address.\n\n## Visiting the UK with a vehicle\n\nFollow the rules for temporary imports instead if both of the following apply:\n\n- you do not usually live in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re bringing a vehicle to the UK for less than 6 months\n\n## Telling HMRC\n\nYou have 14 days to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) after you bring a vehicle into the UK permanently. You cannot register the vehicle until you\u2019ve done this.\n\nHow you tell HMRC will depend on:\n\n- if you\u2019re importing it to Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or to Northern Ireland\n\n- where you\u2019re importing it from\n\nYou may be fined if you\u2019re late telling HMRC.\n\nIf your vehicle has an engine of 48cc or less (7.2kw or less if it\u2019s electric), you can register it without telling HMRC first.\n\n## If you import a vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales\n\nHow you tell HMRC depends on whether you\u2019re VAT-registered.\n\n## If you\u2019re a VAT-registered company\n\nYou need to make an import declaration. You can use either the Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF) system or the Customs Declaration Service (CDS) system. You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to do this for you.\n\nYou may be able to delay making an import declaration for 6 months if you import a vehicle from the EU. This is called a delayed declaration.\n\nYou must tell HMRC about the imported vehicle by using the NOVA service within 14 days. You can use a spreadsheet if you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual\n\nYou need to make an import declaration using form C384. Send the completed form to HMRC by email.\n\nCurrently you cannot send an import declaration to HMRC by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to make the declaration for you.\n\nYou might qualify for relief from VAT and duty if you\u2019re:\n\n- moving to Great Britain (England, Scotland or Wales) (sometimes known as \u2018transfer of residence\u2019 or TOR) - if you qualify, apply for transfer of residence relief\n\n- returning an exported vehicle to the UK - if you qualify, declare the vehicle to claim relief\n\nContact the VAT helpline for a form if you\u2019re unable to use online services.\n\n## If you import a vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU\n\nTell HMRC by using the Notification of Vehicle Arrivals (NOVA) service.\n\nYou can use a spreadsheet if you\u2019re a VAT-registered business and you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.\n\n## If you import a vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the EU\n\nHow you tell HMRC depends on whether you\u2019re VAT-registered.\n\n## If you\u2019re a VAT-registered company\n\nYou need to make an import declaration. You can use either the Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF) system or the Customs Declaration Service (CDS) system. You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to do this for you.\n\nYou must then tell HMRC about the imported vehicle by using the NOVA service within 14 days. You can use a spreadsheet if you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual\n\nYou need to make an import declaration using form C384. Send the completed form to HMRC by email.\n\nCurrently you cannot send an import declaration to HMRC by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to make the declaration for you.\n\nYou might qualify for relief from VAT and duty if you\u2019re:\n\n- moving to Northern Ireland (sometimes known as \u2018transfer of residence\u2019 or TOR) - if you qualify, apply for transfer of residence relief\n\n- returning an exported vehicle to the UK - if you qualify, declare the vehicle to claim relief\n\nContact the VAT helpline for a form if you\u2019re unable to use online services.\n\n## After you tell HMRC\n\nHMRC will tell you:\n\n- if you have to pay VAT and duty\n\n- when your NOVA application has been processed - you cannot register your vehicle with DVLA until it is\n\nIf you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual, HMRC will make a NOVA application for you.\n\n## Paying VAT and duty\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you if you have to pay VAT or duty after you tell them you imported a vehicle.\n\nVAT is charged on the total cost of the vehicle, plus any:\n\n- accessories you bought with it\n\n- delivery and extra charges\n\n- duty\n\nDuty is charged on vehicles imported to:\n\n- England, Wales and Scotland from outside the UK\n\n- Northern Ireland from outside the UK or EU\n\nHMRC will tell you how much you have to pay.\n\nThe rates you\u2019re charged depend on the type of vehicle and where you imported it from. You can call the helpline to check rates.\n\nHow you pay depends on where you\u2019re importing the vehicle from.\n\n## If you imported the vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales from outside the UK\n\n| Why you imported it | What and how you pay |\n\n| You\u2019re moving to the UK with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re returning an exported vehicle to the UK | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re visiting the UK or the EU with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if it qualifies as a temporary import |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re not VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) and claim the VAT on your next VAT Return |\n\nYou must pay any VAT and duty before you can release the vehicle from customs or register it.\n\n## If you imported the vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU\n\nVAT is usually only charged on vehicles that are new. A vehicle is new if either:\n\n- it\u2019s been driven less than 6,000km (about 3,728 miles)\n\n- it\u2019s been in use for no more than 6 months\n\nIf you\u2019re VAT registered, you need to account for any VAT you\u2019ve paid on your next VAT return.\n\nIf you\u2019re not registered for VAT or you\u2019re a private individual, you need to pay HMRC directly before you can register your vehicle.\n\n## Paying HMRC directly\n\nUse online or telephone banking to pay HMRC by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 00 | 12000903 | HMRC Indirect Miscellaneous |\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB20 BARC 2005 1730 3364 91 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Indirect Miscellaneous |\n\nUse your 13-character NOVA notification reference number when you pay. You can find it on the:\n\n- email HMRC sent you if you used the NOVA service\n\n- payment notice HMRC sent you\n\nDo not put any spaces between the characters in your reference number.\n\nRead more about paying VAT on a car you\u2019ve imported.\n\n## Reclaiming VAT\n\nIf you have to declare VAT to HMRC, you can reclaim any VAT you paid in the EU. Send the Certificate of VAT you get from HMRC to the person who sold you the vehicle.\n\n## If you imported the vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the UK and EU\n\n| Why you imported it | What and how you pay |\n\n| You\u2019re moving to the UK with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re returning an exported vehicle to the UK | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re visiting the UK or the EU with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if it qualifies as a temporary import |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re not VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) and claim the VAT on your next VAT Return |\n\n## Getting vehicle approval\n\nGet vehicle approval to show that your imported vehicle meets environmental and safety regulations. You\u2019ll need proof of approval to register the vehicle.\n\nYou might not need approval for a vehicle that was first registered or manufactured more than 10 years ago - check the exemptions.\n\n## If the vehicle\u2019s not registered in the EU\n\nTo get approval for a vehicle that\u2019s not registered in the EU, apply for either:\n\n- Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)\n\n- Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA) if it\u2019s a 2, 3 or smaller 4-wheeled vehicle\n\n## If the vehicle\u2019s registered in the EU\n\nGet a European Certificate of Conformity from the manufacturer to show you have approval for an EU-registered vehicle.\n\nYou also have to get a certificate of Mutual Recognition if it\u2019s a left hand drive vehicle.\n\n## Getting a certificate of Mutual Recognition\n\nUse the application form for your:\n\n- motorcycle\n\n- car\n\n- van or light goods vehicle\n\n- motorhome\n\nApply for IVA instead for a lorry or goods vehicle over 3,500kg.\n\nThere\u2019s a \u00a3100 fee. Send your application to the address on the form. Attach receipts to prove you\u2019ve made any required alterations, for example fitting a speedometer to display miles per hour.\n\n## Get help with Mutual Recognition\n\nContact the Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA) if you\u2019re unsure whether your vehicle qualifies for Mutual Recognition.\n\n## Registering an imported vehicle\n\nYou must register any vehicle you bring into the UK permanently. You cannot register before you do all of the following:\n\n- tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) you imported the vehicle and get confirmation that your NOVA application is processed\n\n- pay VAT and duty if HMRC tells you to\n\n- get proof of vehicle approval\n\nYou also tax the vehicle when you register it with DVLA - there\u2019s a \u00a355 fee.\n\n## How to register\n\nFollow the instructions for registering a vehicle to fill in your forms and send supporting documents.\n\nYou must also send extra supporting documents for an imported vehicle.\n\nDVLA might ask to inspect the vehicle.\n\n## Extra supporting documents for imported vehicles\n\nYou must send the following original documents:\n\n- proof of vehicle approval\n\n- form V267 (sometimes called the \u2018declaration of newness\u2019) if you\u2019re registering a new vehicle\n\n- evidence showing the date the vehicle was collected, for example the invoice from the supplier\n\n- the original foreign registration certificate to show when the vehicle was manufactured (you will not get this back)\n\nIf you do not have the original foreign registration certificate, DVLA might accept other proof of the manufacture date, for example a letter from the manufacturer or a vehicle enthusiast club.\n\nDo not send photocopies or faxed copies.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) it will take longer than usual for your registration certificate (V5C) to arrive.\n\nYou need the V5C to get number plates made up.\n\n## Temporary imports\n\nYou can usually use a vehicle with foreign number plates without registering or taxing it in the UK if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re visiting and do not plan to live here\n\n- the vehicle is registered and taxed in its home country\n\n- you only use the vehicle for up to 6 months in total - this can be a single visit, or several shorter visits over 12 months\n\nYou will need to register your vehicle if you want to move it between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you become a resident or stay for longer than 6 months you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.\n\n## If you bring a vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales\n\nYou do not pay VAT or duty on a vehicle if you temporarily import it and all of the following apply:\n\n- it\u2019s for your own private use\n\n- you\u2019re not a UK resident\n\n- you do not sell, lend or hire it within the UK\n\n- you re-export it from the UK within 6 months - or longer if you\u2019re eligible to use foreign number plates for longer\n\nClaim relief by filling in form C110 and taking your vehicle through the \u2018nothing to declare\u2019 channel when you arrive in the UK.\n\n## Using foreign number plates for longer than 6 months\n\nYou might be able to use a vehicle with foreign number plates for longer than 6 months if all of the following apply:\n\n- you normally live outside the UK\n\n- you\u2019re in the UK for a set period as a student or worker\n\n- you claim relief from VAT and duty\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give you a customs relief form when you claim relief \u2013 show it to police if you\u2019re stopped when driving the vehicle.\n\nIf you stay after your customs relief expires you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.\n\n## If you do not qualify for relief\n\nIf HMRC says your vehicle must be registered and taxed in the UK, contact the imports and exports helpline.\n\n## If you bring a vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU\n\nYou will not have to pay VAT or duty if you bring your own vehicle from the EU.\n\nCall the imports and exports helpline if you have questions about bringing a vehicle from the EU for less than 6 months.\n\n## If you bring a vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the EU\n\nYou do not pay VAT or duty on a vehicle if you temporarily import it and all of the following apply:\n\n- it\u2019s for your own private use\n\n- you\u2019re not a UK resident\n\n- you do not sell, lend or hire it within the UK\n\n- you re-export it from the UK within 6 months - or longer if you\u2019re eligible to use foreign number plates for longer\n\nClaim relief by filling in form C110 and taking your vehicle through the \u2018nothing to declare\u2019 channel when you arrive in the UK.\n\n## Using foreign number plates for longer than 6 months\n\nYou might be able to use a vehicle with foreign number plates for longer than 6 months if all of the following apply:\n\n- you normally live outside the UK\n\n- you\u2019re in the UK for a set period as a student or worker\n\n- you claim relief from VAT and duty\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give you a customs relief form when you claim relief \u2013 show it to police if you\u2019re stopped when driving the vehicle.\n\nIf you stay after your customs relief expires you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.\n\n## If you do not qualify for relief\n\nIf HMRC says your vehicle must be registered and taxed in the UK, contact the imports and exports helpline.\n\n## If you\u2019re stopped by the police\n\nYou must show police that you can use the vehicle in the UK without taxing and registering it here, for example proof:\n\n- of the time you\u2019ve been in the UK (such as a ferry ticket)\n\n- that your vehicle\u2019s eligible for relief from VAT and duty (such as a customs relief form)\n\n## When you need Q number plates\n\nYou must get temporary Q number plates from DVLA if you visit the UK for up to 6 months and either:\n\n- your number plates display numbers or letters that are not identifiable in the UK, for example Arabic script\n\n- your vehicle is not registered in its home country\n\nContact DVLA if you have to get temporary Q number plates.\n\n## Before you get Q number plates\n\nYou must claim relief from VAT and duty before you can get temporary Q number plates.\n\nTo claim relief, fill in form C110 after the car arrives in the UK and send it to the NTAS team to have it stamped.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How to import a vehicle

    ", + "

    You must complete certain steps as soon as you bring a vehicle into the UK permanently.

    ", + "

    You can pay an importer or shipping company to do them for you.

    ", + "
  • Tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 14 days that the vehicle has arrived in the UK.
    • ", + "
  • Pay VAT and duty if HMRC tells you to.
    • ", + "
  • Get vehicle approval to show your vehicle meets safety and environmental standards.
    • ", + "
  • Register and tax the vehicle with DVLA - they\u2019ll give you a registration number so you can get number plates made up.
    • ", + "

    You must also insure your vehicle before you drive it on UK roads.

    ", + "

    You can be prosecuted if you use your vehicle on a public road before you complete these steps, unless you\u2019re driving it to a pre-booked MOT or vehicle approval test.

    ", + "

    Commercial importers of new vehicles that use a secure registration scheme do not have to follow these steps.

    ", + "

    Importing a damaged or modified vehicle

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has been damaged or modified in another country, DVLA may:

    ", + "
  • give your vehicle a Q registration number
    • ", + "
  • put a marker on your vehicle log book (V5C) - to show that your vehicle has been altered or assembled using different parts
    • ", + "

    Bringing your vehicle in or out of Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    If you are a UK resident you can move your vehicle freely between Great Britain and Northern Ireland if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s registered in either country
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not moving it to sell it, or for any other commercial purpose (for example, using the car as a taxi or hiring it to someone)
    • ", + "
  • the car is for your own or your household\u2019s personal use
    • ", + "

    Find out what to do if someone else is bringing your vehicle to Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Tell DVLA about the change of address.

    ", + "

    Visiting the UK with a vehicle

    ", + "

    Follow the rules for temporary imports instead if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you do not usually live in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re bringing a vehicle to the UK for less than 6 months
    • ", + "

    Telling HMRC

    ", + "

    You have 14 days to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) after you bring a vehicle into the UK permanently. You cannot register the vehicle until you\u2019ve done this.

    ", + "

    How you tell HMRC will depend on:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re importing it to Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • where you\u2019re importing it from
    • ", + "

    You may be fined if you\u2019re late telling HMRC.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has an engine of 48cc or less (7.2kw or less if it\u2019s electric), you can register it without telling HMRC first.

    ", + "

    If you import a vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales

    ", + "

    How you tell HMRC depends on whether you\u2019re VAT-registered.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a VAT-registered company

    ", + "

    You need to make an import declaration. You can use either the Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF) system or the Customs Declaration Service (CDS) system. You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to do this for you.

    ", + "

    You may be able to delay making an import declaration for 6 months if you import a vehicle from the EU. This is called a delayed declaration.

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC about the imported vehicle by using the NOVA service within 14 days. You can use a spreadsheet if you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual

    ", + "

    You need to make an import declaration using form C384. Send the completed form to HMRC by email.

    ", + "

    Currently you cannot send an import declaration to HMRC by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to make the declaration for you.

    ", + "

    You might qualify for relief from VAT and duty if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • moving to Great Britain (England, Scotland or Wales) (sometimes known as \u2018transfer of residence\u2019 or TOR) - if you qualify, apply for transfer of residence relief
    • ", + "
  • returning an exported vehicle to the UK - if you qualify, declare the vehicle to claim relief
    • ", + "

    Contact the VAT helpline for a form if you\u2019re unable to use online services.

    ", + "

    If you import a vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC by using the Notification of Vehicle Arrivals (NOVA) service.

    ", + "

    You can use a spreadsheet if you\u2019re a VAT-registered business and you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.

    ", + "

    If you import a vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the EU

    ", + "

    How you tell HMRC depends on whether you\u2019re VAT-registered.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a VAT-registered company

    ", + "

    You need to make an import declaration. You can use either the Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF) system or the Customs Declaration Service (CDS) system. You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to do this for you.

    ", + "

    You must then tell HMRC about the imported vehicle by using the NOVA service within 14 days. You can use a spreadsheet if you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual

    ", + "

    You need to make an import declaration using form C384. Send the completed form to HMRC by email.

    ", + "

    Currently you cannot send an import declaration to HMRC by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to make the declaration for you.

    ", + "

    You might qualify for relief from VAT and duty if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • moving to Northern Ireland (sometimes known as \u2018transfer of residence\u2019 or TOR) - if you qualify, apply for transfer of residence relief
    • ", + "
  • returning an exported vehicle to the UK - if you qualify, declare the vehicle to claim relief
    • ", + "

    Contact the VAT helpline for a form if you\u2019re unable to use online services.

    ", + "

    After you tell HMRC

    ", + "

    HMRC will tell you:

    ", + "
  • if you have to pay VAT and duty
    • ", + "
  • when your NOVA application has been processed - you cannot register your vehicle with DVLA until it is
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual, HMRC will make a NOVA application for you.

    ", + "

    Paying VAT and duty

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you if you have to pay VAT or duty after you tell them you imported a vehicle.

    ", + "

    VAT is charged on the total cost of the vehicle, plus any:

    ", + "
  • accessories you bought with it
    • ", + "
  • delivery and extra charges
    • ", + "
  • duty
    • ", + "

    Duty is charged on vehicles imported to:

    ", + "
  • England, Wales and Scotland from outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland from outside the UK or EU
    • ", + "

    HMRC will tell you how much you have to pay.

    ", + "

    The rates you\u2019re charged depend on the type of vehicle and where you imported it from. You can call the helpline to check rates.

    ", + "

    How you pay depends on where you\u2019re importing the vehicle from.

    ", + "

    If you imported the vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales from outside the UK

    ", + "Why you imported it | What and how you pay", + "You\u2019re moving to the UK with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief", + "You\u2019re returning an exported vehicle to the UK | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief", + "You\u2019re visiting the UK or the EU with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if it qualifies as a temporary import", + "Any other reason - if you\u2019re not VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you)", + "Any other reason - if you\u2019re VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) and claim the VAT on your next VAT Return", + "

    You must pay any VAT and duty before you can release the vehicle from customs or register it.

    ", + "

    If you imported the vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU

    ", + "

    VAT is usually only charged on vehicles that are new. A vehicle is new if either:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s been driven less than 6,000km (about 3,728 miles)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s been in use for no more than 6 months
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re VAT registered, you need to account for any VAT you\u2019ve paid on your next VAT return.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not registered for VAT or you\u2019re a private individual, you need to pay HMRC directly before you can register your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Paying HMRC directly

    ", + "

    Use online or telephone banking to pay HMRC by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 00 | 12000903 | HMRC Indirect Miscellaneous", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB20 BARC 2005 1730 3364 91 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Indirect Miscellaneous", + "

    Use your 13-character NOVA notification reference number when you pay. You can find it on the:

    ", + "
  • email HMRC sent you if you used the NOVA service
    • ", + "
  • payment notice HMRC sent you
    • ", + "

    Do not put any spaces between the characters in your reference number.

    ", + "

    Read more about paying VAT on a car you\u2019ve imported.

    ", + "

    Reclaiming VAT

    ", + "

    If you have to declare VAT to HMRC, you can reclaim any VAT you paid in the EU. Send the Certificate of VAT you get from HMRC to the person who sold you the vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you imported the vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the UK and EU

    ", + "Why you imported it | What and how you pay", + "You\u2019re moving to the UK with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief", + "You\u2019re returning an exported vehicle to the UK | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief", + "You\u2019re visiting the UK or the EU with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if it qualifies as a temporary import", + "Any other reason - if you\u2019re not VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you)", + "Any other reason - if you\u2019re VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) and claim the VAT on your next VAT Return", + "

    Getting vehicle approval

    ", + "

    Get vehicle approval to show that your imported vehicle meets environmental and safety regulations. You\u2019ll need proof of approval to register the vehicle.

    ", + "

    You might not need approval for a vehicle that was first registered or manufactured more than 10 years ago - check the exemptions.

    ", + "

    If the vehicle\u2019s not registered in the EU

    ", + "

    To get approval for a vehicle that\u2019s not registered in the EU, apply for either:

    ", + "
  • Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)
    • ", + "
  • Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA) if it\u2019s a 2, 3 or smaller 4-wheeled vehicle
    • ", + "

    If the vehicle\u2019s registered in the EU

    ", + "

    Get a European Certificate of Conformity from the manufacturer to show you have approval for an EU-registered vehicle.

    ", + "

    You also have to get a certificate of Mutual Recognition if it\u2019s a left hand drive vehicle.

    ", + "

    Getting a certificate of Mutual Recognition

    ", + "

    Use the application form for your:

    ", + "
  • motorcycle
    • ", + "
  • car
    • ", + "
  • van or light goods vehicle
    • ", + "
  • motorhome
    • ", + "

    Apply for IVA instead for a lorry or goods vehicle over 3,500kg.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a \u00a3100 fee. Send your application to the address on the form. Attach receipts to prove you\u2019ve made any required alterations, for example fitting a speedometer to display miles per hour.

    ", + "

    Get help with Mutual Recognition

    ", + "

    Contact the Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA) if you\u2019re unsure whether your vehicle qualifies for Mutual Recognition.

    ", + "

    Registering an imported vehicle

    ", + "

    You must register any vehicle you bring into the UK permanently. You cannot register before you do all of the following:

    ", + "
  • tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) you imported the vehicle and get confirmation that your NOVA application is processed
    • ", + "
  • pay VAT and duty if HMRC tells you to
    • ", + "
  • get proof of vehicle approval
    • ", + "

    You also tax the vehicle when you register it with DVLA - there\u2019s a \u00a355 fee.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions for registering a vehicle to fill in your forms and send supporting documents.

    ", + "

    You must also send extra supporting documents for an imported vehicle.

    ", + "

    DVLA might ask to inspect the vehicle.

    ", + "

    Extra supporting documents for imported vehicles

    ", + "

    You must send the following original documents:

    ", + "
  • proof of vehicle approval
    • ", + "
  • form V267 (sometimes called the \u2018declaration of newness\u2019) if you\u2019re registering a new vehicle
    • ", + "
  • evidence showing the date the vehicle was collected, for example the invoice from the supplier
    • ", + "
  • the original foreign registration certificate to show when the vehicle was manufactured (you will not get this back)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the original foreign registration certificate, DVLA might accept other proof of the manufacture date, for example a letter from the manufacturer or a vehicle enthusiast club.

    ", + "

    Do not send photocopies or faxed copies.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) it will take longer than usual for your registration certificate (V5C) to arrive.

    ", + "

    You need the V5C to get number plates made up.

    ", + "

    Temporary imports

    ", + "

    You can usually use a vehicle with foreign number plates without registering or taxing it in the UK if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re visiting and do not plan to live here
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle is registered and taxed in its home country
    • ", + "
  • you only use the vehicle for up to 6 months in total - this can be a single visit, or several shorter visits over 12 months
    • ", + "

    You will need to register your vehicle if you want to move it between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you become a resident or stay for longer than 6 months you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you bring a vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales

    ", + "

    You do not pay VAT or duty on a vehicle if you temporarily import it and all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s for your own private use
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not a UK resident
    • ", + "
  • you do not sell, lend or hire it within the UK
    • ", + "
  • you re-export it from the UK within 6 months - or longer if you\u2019re eligible to use foreign number plates for longer
    • ", + "

    Claim relief by filling in form C110 and taking your vehicle through the \u2018nothing to declare\u2019 channel when you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Using foreign number plates for longer than 6 months

    ", + "

    You might be able to use a vehicle with foreign number plates for longer than 6 months if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you normally live outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in the UK for a set period as a student or worker
    • ", + "
  • you claim relief from VAT and duty
    • ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give you a customs relief form when you claim relief \u2013 show it to police if you\u2019re stopped when driving the vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you stay after your customs relief expires you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you do not qualify for relief

    ", + "

    If HMRC says your vehicle must be registered and taxed in the UK, contact the imports and exports helpline.

    ", + "

    If you bring a vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay VAT or duty if you bring your own vehicle from the EU.

    ", + "

    Call the imports and exports helpline if you have questions about bringing a vehicle from the EU for less than 6 months.

    ", + "

    If you bring a vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the EU

    ", + "

    You do not pay VAT or duty on a vehicle if you temporarily import it and all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s for your own private use
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not a UK resident
    • ", + "
  • you do not sell, lend or hire it within the UK
    • ", + "
  • you re-export it from the UK within 6 months - or longer if you\u2019re eligible to use foreign number plates for longer
    • ", + "

    Claim relief by filling in form C110 and taking your vehicle through the \u2018nothing to declare\u2019 channel when you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Using foreign number plates for longer than 6 months

    ", + "

    You might be able to use a vehicle with foreign number plates for longer than 6 months if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you normally live outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in the UK for a set period as a student or worker
    • ", + "
  • you claim relief from VAT and duty
    • ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give you a customs relief form when you claim relief \u2013 show it to police if you\u2019re stopped when driving the vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you stay after your customs relief expires you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you do not qualify for relief

    ", + "

    If HMRC says your vehicle must be registered and taxed in the UK, contact the imports and exports helpline.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re stopped by the police

    ", + "

    You must show police that you can use the vehicle in the UK without taxing and registering it here, for example proof:

    ", + "
  • of the time you\u2019ve been in the UK (such as a ferry ticket)
    • ", + "
  • that your vehicle\u2019s eligible for relief from VAT and duty (such as a customs relief form)
    • ", + "

    When you need Q number plates

    ", + "

    You must get temporary Q number plates from DVLA if you visit the UK for up to 6 months and either:

    ", + "
  • your number plates display numbers or letters that are not identifiable in the UK, for example Arabic script
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle is not registered in its home country
    • ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you have to get temporary Q number plates.

    ", + "

    Before you get Q number plates

    ", + "

    You must claim relief from VAT and duty before you can get temporary Q number plates.

    ", + "

    To claim relief, fill in form C110 after the car arrives in the UK and send it to the NTAS team to have it stamped.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-approval": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-approval", + "title": "Vehicle approval", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must apply for vehicle approval if you\u2019ve:\n\n- built a vehicle\n\n- rebuilt a vehicle\n\n- radically altered a vehicle\n\n- reconstructed a classic vehicle\n\n- imported a vehicle\n\n## Get a vehicle approved\n\nYou can get a single vehicle or small number of vehicles approved through:\n\n- Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)\n\n- Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA) if you\u2019re making or importing a single 2, 3 or smaller 4-wheeled vehicle\n\n- Mutual Recognition scheme if you\u2019re importing a vehicle that\u2019s been approved and registered in the EU\n\nYou can no longer apply for a Pre-Registration Inspection (PRI). You must get your vehicle approved instead.\n\n## Vehicle type approval\n\nIt\u2019s also possible to get approval for a type of vehicle, rather than each individual vehicle.\n\nOnly the vehicle manufacturer or their authorised representative can apply for this.\n\nFrom 1 January 2021, manufacturers or their representatives will need to apply for provisional GB type approval to sell or register vehicles in England, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## Get help\n\nContact the Driving and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you need help with IVA or MSVA.\n\nContact the VCA if you need help or information about:\n\n- provisional approval\n\n- European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval (ECWVTA)\n\n- European Community Small Series Type Approval (ECSSTA)\n\n- Mutual Recognition scheme\n\n## Exemptions from vehicle approval\n\nYou do not need vehicle approval for:\n\n- heavy goods vehicles (more than 3,500kg maximum weight) over 25 years old\n\n- light goods vehicles (3,500kg maximum weight or less) over 10 years old\n\n- cars and minibuses with 8 passenger seats or less (not including the driver) over 10 years old\n\n- buses, coaches and minibuses with more than 8 passenger seats (not including the driver) built by a single manufacturer before 29 July 2010\n\n- buses, coaches and minibuses with more than 8 passenger seats (not including the driver) with different body and chassis manufacturers, made before 29 July 2011\n\n- tracked vehicles, for example a vehicle that runs on tracks rather than wheels\n\n- vehicles designed and constructed for use on construction sites, quarries, ports and airports\n\n- vehicles designed and constructed for and used by the armed services, fire and rescue forces, or used in maintaining public order\n\nIf your vehicle needs approval, you must send proof of this in when you apply to register it. The Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) will not register your vehicle if you do not.\n\n## Individual Vehicle Approval\n\nYou can use the Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) scheme if you\u2019re making or importing a single vehicle or a very small number of vehicles in the following categories:\n\n- passenger cars\n\n- goods vehicles\n\n- buses and coaches\n\n- trailers\n\n- special purpose vehicles, such as vehicles specially designed to hold a wheelchair\n\nYou cannot use the Statutory IVA scheme if your vehicle has been registered before in the UK - you\u2019ll need to use Voluntary IVA instead.\n\n## Vehicle identification number\n\nYour vehicle needs a vehicle identification number (VIN) before having an IVA inspection. Apply to DVLA if it does not have one.\n\n## Basic and normal IVA\n\nThere are 2 levels of IVA inspection: basic and normal.\n\n## Basic IVA\n\nBasic IVA involves a visual inspection and other tests to make sure the vehicle meets the necessary standards. You will not normally need to provide any documentary evidence.\n\nYou can apply if you have a passenger car or light goods vehicle in one of these categories:\n\n- left-hand drive vehicles\n\n- personal imports\n\n- amateur built vehicles (kit cars)\n\n- rebuilt vehicles\n\n- very low volume production vehicles\n\n- ambulances\n\n- motor caravans\n\n- hearses\n\n- armoured passenger vehicles\n\n- a vehicle manufactured using parts of a registered vehicle\n\nRead the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA ) guide on the IVA scheme for more on these categories.\n\n## Normal IVA\n\nYou\u2019ll have to apply for normal IVA if you do not meet the criteria for basic IVA.\n\nThis involves a more detailed inspection. Vehicles have to meet extra standards and you\u2019ll have to provide documentary evidence.\n\n## Modified goods vehicles\n\nYou can use the IVA scheme to get approval for goods vehicles that have been modified.\n\nRead the DVSA guide on IVA for modified goods vehicles to find out how changes are approved.\n\n## How to show your vehicle meets IVA standards\n\nThere are several ways to prove your vehicle meets IVA standards. Read part 5 of the DVSA guide on the IVA scheme for more details.\n\n## Model reports\n\nOne way of proving your vehicle is compliant is by showing it\u2019s the same specification as another vehicle (a \u2018master vehicle\u2019) that\u2019s been proved compliant. You do this using a model report.\n\nIf a model report has already been produced for your exact model of vehicle, you may be able to use it for a fee. Look for it on the DVSA list of model reports and their owners.\n\nOtherwise, you\u2019ll need to pay for your own tests to be carried out. These must be done by an authorised provider of \u2018designated technical services\u2019.\n\nFor more information on model reports, see part 11 of the DVSA guide on the IVA scheme.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the IVA application form for your type of vehicle.\n\nFollow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.\n\nDVSA should offer you an inspection within 20 working days of receiving your completed application.\n\n## Choosing a test station\n\nYour vehicle will be inspected at either one of DVSA\u2019s approved test stations or a privately owned test facility. You should say which one you want to use on your application form.\n\n## Cost of the scheme\n\nYou have to pay a fee for DVSA to inspect your vehicle.\n\n## What happens next\n\nWherever possible, DVSA will inspect your vehicle at the test location you\u2019ve chosen and issue an Individual Approval Certificate (IAC) if it passes. You\u2019ll need this certificate when you register your vehicle.\n\n## Appeal against a refusal\n\nYou can appeal and have a re-examination carried out by an independent inspector if your vehicle does not pass its inspection and you\u2019re not satisfied with the decision.\n\nYou must make your appeal within 14 days of the decision and you\u2019ll have to pay a fee. This will be refunded, either partially or fully, if your appeal is successful.\n\nYou must not modify the vehicle before the appeal inspection.\n\nYou can appeal by downloading and filling in the IVA notice of appeal.\n\nRead part 8 of the DVSA guide on the IVA scheme for more information about appeals.\n\n## Individual Vehicle Approval manuals\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) published a series of manuals listing all the technical requirements for Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA).\n\nThere are different manuals for different types of vehicle:\n\n- M1 vehicles - passenger cars\n\n- M2 and M3 vehicles - buses and coaches\n\n- N1 vehicles - light goods vehicles (up to 3,500kgs)\n\n- N2 and N3 vehicles - heavy goods vehicles (over 3,500kgs)\n\n- O1, O2, O3 and O4 vehicles - light and heavy trailers\n\n## Individual Vehicle Approval application forms\n\nYou need an Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) application form to apply for an inspection.\n\nFind out how to:\n\n- apply for IVA: cars\n\n- apply for IVA: vans and light goods vehicles\n\n- apply for IVA: buses or coaches\n\n- apply for IVA: lorries and goods vehicles\n\n- apply for IVA: trailers\n\n- prove that a bus or coach does not need a new tilt test\n\n- apply for a vehicle approval test at a non-DVSA site\n\n## All passenger vehicles\n\nDownload the form for seat belt anchorage compliance.\n\n## Amateur built vehicles\n\nIf your vehicle is amateur built (for example a kit car), you must send an amateur built declaration along with your IVA application.\n\n## Voluntary approval\n\nVoluntary Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) is similar to Statutory IVA but:\n\n- you can use it if your vehicle has already been registered in the UK\n\n- you will not have the same rights as with Statutory IVA\n\nYou\u2019ll need to choose whether to use the basic or normal level of Voluntary IVA.\n\nIf you drive a taxi, your licensing authority will tell you what level you need to apply for.\n\nUse Statutory IVA instead if your vehicle:\n\n- has not been registered in the UK before\n\n- has been registered in the UK, but has been modified significantly since then\n\n## Cost of the schemes\n\nYou have to pay a fee for Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to inspect your vehicle.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the IVA application form for your type of vehicle.\n\nFollow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.\n\n## What happens next\n\nDVSA will carry out an inspection of the vehicle. If it passes, you\u2019ll get a \u2018Confirmation of Compliance\u2019 notification (not an approval certificate).\n\n## Find out more\n\nRead the DVSA guide on the IVA scheme.\n\n## Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval\n\nYour motorcycle, 3-wheeled or light 4-wheeled vehicle must have a provisional GB type approval in England, Scotland and Wales.\n\nIf your vehicle does not have a provisional GB type approval you must use the Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA) scheme to approve your vehicle.\n\nYou must also use the MSVA scheme if your vehicle has been radically altered or built using a mixture of parts from previously registered vehicles. For example:\n\n- amateur built vehicles\n\n- rebuilt vehicles\n\n- vehicles converted to a different wheelplan\n\n## Eligibility for MSVA\n\nYou can use the MSVA scheme for vehicles that:\n\n- are under 10 years old\n\n- have not been registered before in the UK\n\n- do not have ECWVTA or provisional UK vehicle type approval\n\nThe following types of vehicle are eligible:\n\n- 2-wheeled mopeds\n\n- 3-wheeled mopeds\n\n- light quadricycles\n\n- solo motorcycles\n\n- motorcycle combinations\n\n- motor tricycles\n\n- heavy quadricycles\n\nThese vehicle types are defined in the foreword of the MSVA inspection manual.\n\n## Partial MSVA\n\nIf you have a Certificate of Conformity (CoC), it will say which side of the road and which speedometer units your vehicle is equipped for.\n\nYou must modify your vehicle if it is not equipped for use in Great Britain. It will then need a Partial MSVA to check the following items:\n\n- headlamp dipped beam pattern - this checks the headlamp is suitable for driving on the left\n\n- speedometer - the speed must be shown in miles per hour (mph) or dual mph and kilometres per hour\n\n- mirror location - on mopeds fitted with a single mirror, the mirror must be fitted to offside (right) of the vehicle\n\nRead more in Partial MSVA frequently asked questions.\n\n## Vehicle identification number\n\nYour vehicle needs a vehicle identification number before having an MSVA inspection. Write to the following address if it does not have one.\n\n## Cost of the scheme\n\nYou have to pay a fee for DVSA to inspect your vehicle.\n\n## Choose a test station\n\nYour vehicle will be inspected by DVSA at one of its approved test stations. You can choose which one as long as it inspects the category of vehicle you want to be tested.\n\n| Category | Description |\n\n| B | 2-wheeled vehicles |\n\n| T | 3-wheeled vehicles |\n\n| Q | 4-wheeled vehicles |\n\n| Station | Address | Categories |\n\n| Aberdeen | Cloverhill Road, Bridge of Don Industrial Estate, Aberdeen, AB23 8FE | B, T, Q |\n\n| Beverley | Oldbeck Road, Off Grovehill Road, Beverley, East Yorkshire, HU17 0JW | B, T, Q |\n\n| Bristol | Merebank Road, Avonmouth, Bristol, BS11 8AQ | B, T, Q |\n\n| Cardiff (Llantrisant) | School Road, Miskin, Pontyclun, Mid Glamorgan, CF72 8YR | B, T, Q |\n\n| Chelmsford | Widford Industrial Estate, Chelmsford, CM1 3DR | B, Q |\n\n| Derby | Belmore Way, Alvaston, Derby, DE21 7AY | B, T, Q |\n\n| Edinburgh (Livingston) | Grange Road, Houston Industrial Estate, Livingston, Edinburgh, West Lothian, EH54 5DE | B, T, Q |\n\n| Exeter | Grace Road West, Marsh Barton Trading Estate, Exeter, Devon, EX2 8PU | B, T, Q |\n\n| Gillingham | Ambley Road, Gillingham, ME8 0SJ | B, T, Q |\n\n| Kidderminster | Worcester Road, Kidderminster, DY11 7RD | B, T, Q |\n\n| Leighton Buzzard | Stanbridge Road, Leighton Buzzard, Bedfordshire, LU7 4QG | B, T, Q |\n\n| London West (Yeading) | Cygnet Way, Willow Tree Lane, Yeading, Hayes, Middlesex, UB4 9BS | T, Q |\n\n| Manchester (Chadderton) | Broadway Business Park, Broadgate, Manchester (Chadderton), Oldham, OL9 9XA | B, T, Q |\n\n| Newcastle-upon-Tyne | Sandy Lane, Gosforth, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE3 5HB | B, T, Q |\n\n| Norwich | Jupiter Road, Hellesden, Norwich, NR6 6SS | B, T, Q |\n\n| Southampton (Northam) | Unit R Centurion Industrial Estate, Bitterne Road West, Southampton, SO18 1UB | B, T, Q |\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the:\n\n- MSVA application form\n\n- Partial MSVA application form\n\nFollow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.\n\n## What happens next\n\nDVSA will inspect your vehicle at the test station you\u2019ve chosen and issue a Minister\u2019s Approval Certificate (MAC) if it passes. You\u2019ll need this certificate when you register your vehicle.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal for a re-test if your vehicle fails MSVA. You must appeal within 14 days of the original decision by completing form MSVA17 and returning it to the station used for the original test.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay the test fee again, which will be refunded if the appeal is successful. Contact DVSA to find out how to do this.\n\n## More information\n\nRead the MSVA inspection manual.\n\n## Certificate of Initial Fitness\n\n## Who can use the scheme\n\nIf you use a vehicle with more than 8 passenger seats to transport people for profit, also known as a Public Service Vehicle (PSV), it must have been approved or have a Certificate of Initial Fitness (COIF) to register it.\n\n## What vehicles need a COIF\n\nYou\u2019ll need a COIF for your vehicle if it has more than 8 passenger seats, will be used for profit and either:\n\n- is not registered in the UK and was built before the type approval scheme was introduced\n\n- is registered in the UK but does not have a type approval as a passenger vehicle with more than 8 passenger seats\n\nThe start dates for this scheme vary depending on the type of vehicle. See page 10 of the Individual Vehicle Approval scheme guide for details.\n\n## How to apply for a COIF\n\nDownload and fill in the COIF application form.\n\nFollow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.\n\n## Cost of the scheme\n\nYou have to pay a fee for the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to inspect your vehicle.\n\n## What happens next\n\nOnce you\u2019ve submitted your application, DVSA will contact you to arrange for your PSV\u2019s COIF examination to be carried out at a DVSA-approved test station.\n\n## Notifiable Alterations\n\nYou must send details to DVSA of any alterations or modifications you make to your PSV.\n\nSend your completed application to the address on the form along with any relevant documents.\n\nYou do not need to notify DVSA of like-for-like replacement parts.\n\n## Accessibility Certificate Test\n\nSome buses and coaches must have accessibility features for wheelchair users, like boarding lifts and ramps, wheelchair spaces and wheelchair restraints.\n\nThis affects buses and coaches, which:\n\n- are authorised to carry more than 22 passengers\n\n- carry passengers at separate fares on local or scheduled services\n\n- were first used on or after 31 December 2000\n\nManufacturers of buses and coaches usually apply for these Accessibility Certificates at the same time as the Certificate of Initial Fitness (COIF) when the vehicles are first built.\n\n## How to apply for an Accessibility Certificate\n\nIf you already have a COIF you can apply for an Accessibility Certificate separately.\n\nYou can also apply for an Accessibility Certificate yourself if you convert a vehicle to be used as a bus or coach.\n\nAccessibility Certificates last the lifetime of the vehicle as long as you do not make any further alterations to it. Once you have an Accessibility Certificate, accessibility is then checked as part of the vehicle\u2019s annual test.\n\nFill in the PSV accessibility certificate application form.\n\nFollow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.\n\n## Fees for the Accessibility Certificate test\n\nYou\u2019ll need to check both wheelchair accessibility and general accessibility. Each of these sets of regulations is called a schedule.\n\n| Test type | Fee |\n\n| 1 schedule | \u00a351 |\n\n| Retest for 1 schedule | \u00a317 |\n\n| 2 schedules | \u00a3104 |\n\n| Retest for 2 schedules | \u00a336 |\n\n| Duplicate certificate | \u00a313 |\n\n## Type approval\n\nAlternatively, vehicle manufacturers can apply for type approval, which means an Accessibility Certificate is not needed.\n\nPrint off and fill in form PSVA6 to apply for type approval.\n\nWhen an operator gets a vehicle that\u2019s been type approved they\u2019ll get a Declaration of Conformity from the manufacturer.\n\nOperators then need to send this to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get a Certification of Conformity.\n\nFees for type approval are included on the IVA inspection fees document.\n\n## Inspection fees\n\nYou have to pay a fee for the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to inspect your vehicle.\n\nThe cost depends on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re using the standard or voluntary version of the scheme\n\n- the type of inspection (basic or normal)\n\n- the category of vehicle\n\n- the class of vehicle\n\nTo find out which category and class your vehicle is in, see annexes 1 and 2 of the DVSA guide to the IVA scheme.\n\n## Where to find inspection fees\n\nThe DVSA list of inspection fees includes the fees for:\n\n- Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)\n\n- Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA)\n\n- Certificate of Initial Fitness (COIF)\n\n## Replacement approval certificate\n\nYou can apply for a replacement approval certificate. Submit your application using the apply for an Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) service.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must apply for vehicle approval if you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • built a vehicle
    • ", + "
  • rebuilt a vehicle
    • ", + "
  • radically altered a vehicle
    • ", + "
  • reconstructed a classic vehicle
    • ", + "
  • imported a vehicle
    • ", + "

    Get a vehicle approved

    ", + "

    You can get a single vehicle or small number of vehicles approved through:

    ", + "
  • Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)
    • ", + "
  • Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA) if you\u2019re making or importing a single 2, 3 or smaller 4-wheeled vehicle
    • ", + "
  • Mutual Recognition scheme if you\u2019re importing a vehicle that\u2019s been approved and registered in the EU
    • ", + "

    You can no longer apply for a Pre-Registration Inspection (PRI). You must get your vehicle approved instead.

    ", + "

    Vehicle type approval

    ", + "

    It\u2019s also possible to get approval for a type of vehicle, rather than each individual vehicle.

    ", + "

    Only the vehicle manufacturer or their authorised representative can apply for this.

    ", + "

    From 1 January 2021, manufacturers or their representatives will need to apply for provisional GB type approval to sell or register vehicles in England, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Driving and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you need help with IVA or MSVA.

    ", + "

    Contact the VCA if you need help or information about:

    ", + "
  • provisional approval
    • ", + "
  • European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval (ECWVTA)
    • ", + "
  • European Community Small Series Type Approval (ECSSTA)
    • ", + "
  • Mutual Recognition scheme
    • ", + "

    Exemptions from vehicle approval

    ", + "

    You do not need vehicle approval for:

    ", + "
  • heavy goods vehicles (more than 3,500kg maximum weight) over 25 years old
    • ", + "
  • light goods vehicles (3,500kg maximum weight or less) over 10 years old
    • ", + "
  • cars and minibuses with 8 passenger seats or less (not including the driver) over 10 years old
    • ", + "
  • buses, coaches and minibuses with more than 8 passenger seats (not including the driver) built by a single manufacturer before 29 July 2010
    • ", + "
  • buses, coaches and minibuses with more than 8 passenger seats (not including the driver) with different body and chassis manufacturers, made before 29 July 2011
    • ", + "
  • tracked vehicles, for example a vehicle that runs on tracks rather than wheels
    • ", + "
  • vehicles designed and constructed for use on construction sites, quarries, ports and airports
    • ", + "
  • vehicles designed and constructed for and used by the armed services, fire and rescue forces, or used in maintaining public order
    • ", + "

    If your vehicle needs approval, you must send proof of this in when you apply to register it. The Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) will not register your vehicle if you do not.

    ", + "

    Individual Vehicle Approval

    ", + "

    You can use the Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) scheme if you\u2019re making or importing a single vehicle or a very small number of vehicles in the following categories:

    ", + "
  • passenger cars
    • ", + "
  • goods vehicles
    • ", + "
  • buses and coaches
    • ", + "
  • trailers
    • ", + "
  • special purpose vehicles, such as vehicles specially designed to hold a wheelchair
    • ", + "

    You cannot use the Statutory IVA scheme if your vehicle has been registered before in the UK - you\u2019ll need to use Voluntary IVA instead.

    ", + "

    Vehicle identification number

    ", + "

    Your vehicle needs a vehicle identification number (VIN) before having an IVA inspection. Apply to DVLA if it does not have one.

    ", + "

    Basic and normal IVA

    ", + "

    There are 2 levels of IVA inspection: basic and normal.

    ", + "

    Basic IVA

    ", + "

    Basic IVA involves a visual inspection and other tests to make sure the vehicle meets the necessary standards. You will not normally need to provide any documentary evidence.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you have a passenger car or light goods vehicle in one of these categories:

    ", + "
  • left-hand drive vehicles
    • ", + "
  • personal imports
    • ", + "
  • amateur built vehicles (kit cars)
    • ", + "
  • rebuilt vehicles
    • ", + "
  • very low volume production vehicles
    • ", + "
  • ambulances
    • ", + "
  • motor caravans
    • ", + "
  • hearses
    • ", + "
  • armoured passenger vehicles
    • ", + "
  • a vehicle manufactured using parts of a registered vehicle
    • ", + "

    Read the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA ) guide on the IVA scheme for more on these categories.

    ", + "

    Normal IVA

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to apply for normal IVA if you do not meet the criteria for basic IVA.

    ", + "

    This involves a more detailed inspection. Vehicles have to meet extra standards and you\u2019ll have to provide documentary evidence.

    ", + "

    Modified goods vehicles

    ", + "

    You can use the IVA scheme to get approval for goods vehicles that have been modified.

    ", + "

    Read the DVSA guide on IVA for modified goods vehicles to find out how changes are approved.

    ", + "

    How to show your vehicle meets IVA standards

    ", + "

    There are several ways to prove your vehicle meets IVA standards. Read part 5 of the DVSA guide on the IVA scheme for more details.

    ", + "

    Model reports

    ", + "

    One way of proving your vehicle is compliant is by showing it\u2019s the same specification as another vehicle (a \u2018master vehicle\u2019) that\u2019s been proved compliant. You do this using a model report.

    ", + "

    If a model report has already been produced for your exact model of vehicle, you may be able to use it for a fee. Look for it on the DVSA list of model reports and their owners.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, you\u2019ll need to pay for your own tests to be carried out. These must be done by an authorised provider of \u2018designated technical services\u2019.

    ", + "

    For more information on model reports, see part 11 of the DVSA guide on the IVA scheme.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the IVA application form for your type of vehicle.

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    DVSA should offer you an inspection within 20 working days of receiving your completed application.

    ", + "

    Choosing a test station

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will be inspected at either one of DVSA\u2019s approved test stations or a privately owned test facility. You should say which one you want to use on your application form.

    ", + "

    Cost of the scheme

    ", + "

    You have to pay a fee for DVSA to inspect your vehicle.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Wherever possible, DVSA will inspect your vehicle at the test location you\u2019ve chosen and issue an Individual Approval Certificate (IAC) if it passes. You\u2019ll need this certificate when you register your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Appeal against a refusal

    ", + "

    You can appeal and have a re-examination carried out by an independent inspector if your vehicle does not pass its inspection and you\u2019re not satisfied with the decision.

    ", + "

    You must make your appeal within 14 days of the decision and you\u2019ll have to pay a fee. This will be refunded, either partially or fully, if your appeal is successful.

    ", + "

    You must not modify the vehicle before the appeal inspection.

    ", + "

    You can appeal by downloading and filling in the IVA notice of appeal.

    ", + "

    Read part 8 of the DVSA guide on the IVA scheme for more information about appeals.

    ", + "

    Individual Vehicle Approval manuals

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) published a series of manuals listing all the technical requirements for Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA).

    ", + "

    There are different manuals for different types of vehicle:

    ", + "
  • M1 vehicles - passenger cars
    • ", + "
  • M2 and M3 vehicles - buses and coaches
    • ", + "
  • N1 vehicles - light goods vehicles (up to 3,500kgs)
    • ", + "
  • N2 and N3 vehicles - heavy goods vehicles (over 3,500kgs)
    • ", + "
  • O1, O2, O3 and O4 vehicles - light and heavy trailers
    • ", + "

    Individual Vehicle Approval application forms

    ", + "

    You need an Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) application form to apply for an inspection.

    ", + "

    Find out how to:

    ", + "
  • apply for IVA: cars
    • ", + "
  • apply for IVA: vans and light goods vehicles
    • ", + "
  • apply for IVA: buses or coaches
    • ", + "
  • apply for IVA: lorries and goods vehicles
    • ", + "
  • apply for IVA: trailers
    • ", + "
  • prove that a bus or coach does not need a new tilt test
    • ", + "
  • apply for a vehicle approval test at a non-DVSA site
    • ", + "

    All passenger vehicles

    ", + "

    Download the form for seat belt anchorage compliance.

    ", + "

    Amateur built vehicles

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is amateur built (for example a kit car), you must send an amateur built declaration along with your IVA application.

    ", + "

    Voluntary approval

    ", + "

    Voluntary Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) is similar to Statutory IVA but:

    ", + "
  • you can use it if your vehicle has already been registered in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you will not have the same rights as with Statutory IVA
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to choose whether to use the basic or normal level of Voluntary IVA.

    ", + "

    If you drive a taxi, your licensing authority will tell you what level you need to apply for.

    ", + "

    Use Statutory IVA instead if your vehicle:

    ", + "
  • has not been registered in the UK before
    • ", + "
  • has been registered in the UK, but has been modified significantly since then
    • ", + "

    Cost of the schemes

    ", + "

    You have to pay a fee for Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to inspect your vehicle.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the IVA application form for your type of vehicle.

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    DVSA will carry out an inspection of the vehicle. If it passes, you\u2019ll get a \u2018Confirmation of Compliance\u2019 notification (not an approval certificate).

    ", + "

    Find out more

    ", + "

    Read the DVSA guide on the IVA scheme.

    ", + "

    Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval

    ", + "

    Your motorcycle, 3-wheeled or light 4-wheeled vehicle must have a provisional GB type approval in England, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle does not have a provisional GB type approval you must use the Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA) scheme to approve your vehicle.

    ", + "

    You must also use the MSVA scheme if your vehicle has been radically altered or built using a mixture of parts from previously registered vehicles. For example:

    ", + "
  • amateur built vehicles
    • ", + "
  • rebuilt vehicles
    • ", + "
  • vehicles converted to a different wheelplan
    • ", + "

    Eligibility for MSVA

    ", + "

    You can use the MSVA scheme for vehicles that:

    ", + "
  • are under 10 years old
    • ", + "
  • have not been registered before in the UK
    • ", + "
  • do not have ECWVTA or provisional UK vehicle type approval
    • ", + "

    The following types of vehicle are eligible:

    ", + "
  • 2-wheeled mopeds
    • ", + "
  • 3-wheeled mopeds
    • ", + "
  • light quadricycles
    • ", + "
  • solo motorcycles
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle combinations
    • ", + "
  • motor tricycles
    • ", + "
  • heavy quadricycles
    • ", + "

    These vehicle types are defined in the foreword of the MSVA inspection manual.

    ", + "

    Partial MSVA

    ", + "

    If you have a Certificate of Conformity (CoC), it will say which side of the road and which speedometer units your vehicle is equipped for.

    ", + "

    You must modify your vehicle if it is not equipped for use in Great Britain. It will then need a Partial MSVA to check the following items:

    ", + "
  • headlamp dipped beam pattern - this checks the headlamp is suitable for driving on the left
    • ", + "
  • speedometer - the speed must be shown in miles per hour (mph) or dual mph and kilometres per hour
    • ", + "
  • mirror location - on mopeds fitted with a single mirror, the mirror must be fitted to offside (right) of the vehicle
    • ", + "

    Read more in Partial MSVA frequently asked questions.

    ", + "

    Vehicle identification number

    ", + "

    Your vehicle needs a vehicle identification number before having an MSVA inspection. Write to the following address if it does not have one.

    ", + "

    Cost of the scheme

    ", + "

    You have to pay a fee for DVSA to inspect your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Choose a test station

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will be inspected by DVSA at one of its approved test stations. You can choose which one as long as it inspects the category of vehicle you want to be tested.

    ", + "Category | Description", + "B | 2-wheeled vehicles", + "T | 3-wheeled vehicles", + "Q | 4-wheeled vehicles", + "Station | Address | Categories", + "Aberdeen | Cloverhill Road, Bridge of Don Industrial Estate, Aberdeen, AB23 8FE | B, T, Q", + "Beverley | Oldbeck Road, Off Grovehill Road, Beverley, East Yorkshire, HU17 0JW | B, T, Q", + "Bristol | Merebank Road, Avonmouth, Bristol, BS11 8AQ | B, T, Q", + "Cardiff (Llantrisant) | School Road, Miskin, Pontyclun, Mid Glamorgan, CF72 8YR | B, T, Q", + "Chelmsford | Widford Industrial Estate, Chelmsford, CM1 3DR | B, Q", + "Derby | Belmore Way, Alvaston, Derby, DE21 7AY | B, T, Q", + "Edinburgh (Livingston) | Grange Road, Houston Industrial Estate, Livingston, Edinburgh, West Lothian, EH54 5DE | B, T, Q", + "Exeter | Grace Road West, Marsh Barton Trading Estate, Exeter, Devon, EX2 8PU | B, T, Q", + "Gillingham | Ambley Road, Gillingham, ME8 0SJ | B, T, Q", + "Kidderminster | Worcester Road, Kidderminster, DY11 7RD | B, T, Q", + "Leighton Buzzard | Stanbridge Road, Leighton Buzzard, Bedfordshire, LU7 4QG | B, T, Q", + "London West (Yeading) | Cygnet Way, Willow Tree Lane, Yeading, Hayes, Middlesex, UB4 9BS | T, Q", + "Manchester (Chadderton) | Broadway Business Park, Broadgate, Manchester (Chadderton), Oldham, OL9 9XA | B, T, Q", + "Newcastle-upon-Tyne | Sandy Lane, Gosforth, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, NE3 5HB | B, T, Q", + "Norwich | Jupiter Road, Hellesden, Norwich, NR6 6SS | B, T, Q", + "Southampton (Northam) | Unit R Centurion Industrial Estate, Bitterne Road West, Southampton, SO18 1UB | B, T, Q", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the:

    ", + "
  • MSVA application form
    • ", + "
  • Partial MSVA application form
    • ", + "

    Follow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    DVSA will inspect your vehicle at the test station you\u2019ve chosen and issue a Minister\u2019s Approval Certificate (MAC) if it passes. You\u2019ll need this certificate when you register your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can appeal for a re-test if your vehicle fails MSVA. You must appeal within 14 days of the original decision by completing form MSVA17 and returning it to the station used for the original test.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay the test fee again, which will be refunded if the appeal is successful. Contact DVSA to find out how to do this.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    Read the MSVA inspection manual.

    ", + "

    Certificate of Initial Fitness

    ", + "

    Who can use the scheme

    ", + "

    If you use a vehicle with more than 8 passenger seats to transport people for profit, also known as a Public Service Vehicle (PSV), it must have been approved or have a Certificate of Initial Fitness (COIF) to register it.

    ", + "

    What vehicles need a COIF

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a COIF for your vehicle if it has more than 8 passenger seats, will be used for profit and either:

    ", + "
  • is not registered in the UK and was built before the type approval scheme was introduced
    • ", + "
  • is registered in the UK but does not have a type approval as a passenger vehicle with more than 8 passenger seats
    • ", + "

    The start dates for this scheme vary depending on the type of vehicle. See page 10 of the Individual Vehicle Approval scheme guide for details.

    ", + "

    How to apply for a COIF

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the COIF application form.

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    Cost of the scheme

    ", + "

    You have to pay a fee for the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to inspect your vehicle.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve submitted your application, DVSA will contact you to arrange for your PSV\u2019s COIF examination to be carried out at a DVSA-approved test station.

    ", + "

    Notifiable Alterations

    ", + "

    You must send details to DVSA of any alterations or modifications you make to your PSV.

    ", + "

    Send your completed application to the address on the form along with any relevant documents.

    ", + "

    You do not need to notify DVSA of like-for-like replacement parts.

    ", + "

    Accessibility Certificate Test

    ", + "

    Some buses and coaches must have accessibility features for wheelchair users, like boarding lifts and ramps, wheelchair spaces and wheelchair restraints.

    ", + "

    This affects buses and coaches, which:

    ", + "
  • are authorised to carry more than 22 passengers
    • ", + "
  • carry passengers at separate fares on local or scheduled services
    • ", + "
  • were first used on or after 31 December 2000
    • ", + "

    Manufacturers of buses and coaches usually apply for these Accessibility Certificates at the same time as the Certificate of Initial Fitness (COIF) when the vehicles are first built.

    ", + "

    How to apply for an Accessibility Certificate

    ", + "

    If you already have a COIF you can apply for an Accessibility Certificate separately.

    ", + "

    You can also apply for an Accessibility Certificate yourself if you convert a vehicle to be used as a bus or coach.

    ", + "

    Accessibility Certificates last the lifetime of the vehicle as long as you do not make any further alterations to it. Once you have an Accessibility Certificate, accessibility is then checked as part of the vehicle\u2019s annual test.

    ", + "

    Fill in the PSV accessibility certificate application form.

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions on the form to submit it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    Fees for the Accessibility Certificate test

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to check both wheelchair accessibility and general accessibility. Each of these sets of regulations is called a schedule.

    ", + "Test type | Fee", + "1 schedule | \u00a351", + "Retest for 1 schedule | \u00a317", + "2 schedules | \u00a3104", + "Retest for 2 schedules | \u00a336", + "Duplicate certificate | \u00a313", + "

    Type approval

    ", + "

    Alternatively, vehicle manufacturers can apply for type approval, which means an Accessibility Certificate is not needed.

    ", + "

    Print off and fill in form PSVA6 to apply for type approval.

    ", + "

    When an operator gets a vehicle that\u2019s been type approved they\u2019ll get a Declaration of Conformity from the manufacturer.

    ", + "

    Operators then need to send this to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get a Certification of Conformity.

    ", + "

    Fees for type approval are included on the IVA inspection fees document.

    ", + "

    Inspection fees

    ", + "

    You have to pay a fee for the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to inspect your vehicle.

    ", + "

    The cost depends on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re using the standard or voluntary version of the scheme
    • ", + "
  • the type of inspection (basic or normal)
    • ", + "
  • the category of vehicle
    • ", + "
  • the class of vehicle
    • ", + "

    To find out which category and class your vehicle is in, see annexes 1 and 2 of the DVSA guide to the IVA scheme.

    ", + "

    Where to find inspection fees

    ", + "

    The DVSA list of inspection fees includes the fees for:

    ", + "
  • Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)
    • ", + "
  • Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA)
    • ", + "
  • Certificate of Initial Fitness (COIF)
    • ", + "

    Replacement approval certificate

    ", + "

    You can apply for a replacement approval certificate. Submit your application using the apply for an Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) service.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration", + "title": "Vehicle registration", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou have to register a car or any other vehicle as soon as you\u2019ve:\n\n- bought it\n\n- built it\n\n- rebuilt or altered it\n\n- imported it\n\nYou do this by filling in forms and sending them to DVLA. The forms you have to send depend on your circumstances.\n\nDVLA may need to inspect your vehicle to:\n\n- make sure the vehicle exists, has been assembled into a complete vehicle and the log book (V5C) is in your name\n\n- update their records because of changes you\u2019ve made to the vehicle\n\nThey will send you a letter if they need to do this. You will not have to pay a fee.\n\nUse the different registration schemes for the motor trade if you\u2019re a vehicle manufacturer, importer or VAT-registered trader.\n\n## New and used vehicles\n\n## New vehicles\n\nThe dealer will usually register a brand new vehicle for you. If they do, you\u2019ll get a V5C registration certificate (log book). It will take longer than usual to get this because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nIf the dealer will not do it, you can register the vehicle yourself.\n\nIf your vehicle is a new heavy goods vehicle (HGV), you also need to record the details of your HGV with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).\n\n## Used vehicles\n\nYou need to tax a used vehicle before you can use it on the road.\n\nThe way a used vehicle is registered to you depends on whether it has a V5C registration certificate (log book).\n\n## Vehicle has a registration certificate (V5C)\n\nThe seller can register the vehicle to you online or by post.\n\nThe seller must follow a different process if you\u2019re buying a vehicle to take abroad including the Channel Islands (Jersey and Guernsey), Isle of Man or Ireland. They must give you the full log book (V5C) and not send it to DVLA.\n\n## Register online\n\nThe seller will need to:\n\n- register the vehicle to you online\n\n- fill in the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip and give it to you\n\n- destroy the V5C\n\nDVLA will update the vehicle record immediately and they will aim to send out a new V5C to you within 3 to 5 days.\n\n## Register by post\n\nIf you cannot register the vehicle online, you can register it by post. The seller will need to:\n\n- complete section 2 if they have a new style log book (with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover) or section 6 if they have the older style log book\n\n- sign the declaration in section 8 if they have the older style log book (you must sign the declaration too)\n\n- fill in the new keeper slip and give it to you\n\n- send the V5C to DVLA\n\nDVLA aims to send out a new V5C to you as soon as possible, usually 4 weeks after getting the old V5C from the seller. This may take longer because of coronavirus.\n\nIf you do not get it within 4 weeks:\n\n- complete form V62 - \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019\n\n- send it to DVLA with the new keeper slip given to you by the seller - if you do not send in the new keeper slip, you\u2019ll have to pay a fee\n\nDownload form V62 or get it from any Post Office branch.\n\nContact DVLA if you do not receive anything 6 weeks after sending in form V62.\n\n## Vehicle does not have a registration certificate\n\nDVLA advises that you should not buy a vehicle that does not have a registration certificate (V5C).\n\nRegister the vehicle in your name by using form V62 \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019. You\u2019ll have to pay a fee. See the section above for how to get form V62.\n\nContact DVLA if you do not receive anything 6 weeks after sending in form V62.\n\n## Checking your new registration certificate\n\nWhen you receive your registration certificate, it\u2019s your responsibility to check all the details are correct. If anything is incorrect, make the changes on the certificate and send it back to DVLA.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the replacement certificate within 4 weeks.\n\n## New registrations\n\nYour vehicle may not have been registered before with DVLA if it\u2019s:\n\n- brand new\n\n- a kit car\n\n- imported\n\n- been rebuilt or radically altered\n\n- an old or classic vehicle\n\nIf you buy a brand new vehicle, the dealer will usually arrange for it to be registered. Otherwise, you need to follow the process below.\n\n## Making an application\n\n## Fill in form V55/4 or V55/5\n\nFor any type of newly registered vehicle, you must fill in either a:\n\n- V55/4 form to register a new vehicle, including new imported vehicles and newly-built (kit) cars\n\n- V55/5 form to register a used vehicle, including rebuilt vehicles, used imported vehicles and older vehicles that have never been registered\n\n## Provide copies of identity documents\n\nSend in a photocopy of your photocard driving licence with your application form to prove your identity.\n\nIf you cannot do this, you must send in photocopies of one document that proves your name and another document that proves your address.\n\nDocuments you can use to confirm your name include:\n\n- passport\n\n- marriage certificate\n\n- decree nisi or absolute\n\n- birth certificate\n\n- current UK paper driving licence (not a paper counterpart)\n\nDocuments you can use to confirm your address include:\n\n- recent utility bill (within the last 3 months) - for example gas, electricity, water, landline\n\n- recent bank or building society statement (within the last 3 months)\n\n- medical card\n\n- council tax bill for current year\n\nYou can fill in form V959 - \u2018Notification of name and address check\u2019 instead of these documents to prove your identity if you\u2019re a current DVLA trade plate holder.\n\n## Supporting documents needed for all vehicles\n\nAs well as documents to prove your identity, you must also send:\n\n- payment for the vehicle tax\n\n- the new registration fee of \u00a355, if you have to pay it\n\n- a current MOT certificate, if the vehicle is over 3 years old (over 4 years old in Northern Ireland)\n\n- a certificate of newness (or declaration of newness for imported vehicles), if the vehicle is new\n\n- proof of vehicle approval if the vehicle is under 10 years old (unless it\u2019s exempt from vehicle approval)\n\n- any documents you have relating to the vehicle, for example build plans if it\u2019s a kit car\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (if you\u2019re registering the vehicle to an address in Northern Ireland)\n\n## Supporting documents needed for some vehicles\n\nYou may have to send extra forms and documents if your vehicle is:\n\n- imported\n\n- kit-built, rebuilt, kit-converted or radically altered\n\n- an old vehicle\n\n- a reconstructed classic vehicle\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nDVLA might need to inspect your vehicle. If your application is approved, DVLA will send you a V5C registration certificate (sometimes called a log book).\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) it\u2019s taking longer than usual to get a new registration certificate.\n\nYour V5C shows:\n\n- the vehicle\u2019s registration number\n\n- the vehicle keeper\u2019s name and address\n\n- other information about the vehicle (the make, vehicle identification number (VIN) and number of previous keepers)\n\nDVLA will also return your identity documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a prepaid self-addressed, special delivery envelope if you want the documents returned by special delivery.\n\nDVLA cannot guarantee the return of the documents by a specific date.\n\n## New registrations fee\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee of \u00a355 if you\u2019re registering and taxing a vehicle for the first time with DVLA.\n\nYou can pay by cheque or postal order. You cannot send cash. Damaged or altered cheques will not be accepted.\n\nYou do not have to pay for some vehicles, including:\n\n- those first registered and licensed in the disabled exempt taxation class\n\n- historic vehicles previously registered with the old local authorities (late conversions)\n\n- vehicles previously registered in the United Kingdom\n\n- imported vehicles previously registered under the personal export scheme and new means of transport scheme\n\n- visiting forces vehicles\n\n- vehicles registered under the direct export scheme\n\n- vehicles registered for off-road use only\n\n- crown exempt vehicles\n\n## Rebuilt vehicles\n\nYour vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.\n\nYou must include the following with your application:\n\n- form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019\n\n- evidence of type approval, if necessary\n\n- the vehicle registration certificate for the original vehicle\n\n- official receipts for any parts used\n\n- photographs of the vehicle\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.\n\nSend your application to:\n\n## Vehicle type approval\n\nYou\u2019ll have to get type approval if your vehicle does not qualify to keep its original registration number.\n\n## Keep a vehicle\u2019s original registration number\n\nA rebuilt vehicle can keep its original registration number if you can prove you\u2019ve used:\n\n- the original unmodified chassis or bodyshell (car or light van)\n\n- a new chassis or monocoque bodyshell of the same specification as the original (car or light van)\n\n- the original unmodified frame (motorbike)\n\n- a new frame of the same specification as the original (motorbike)\n\nYou must also have 2 other major components from the original vehicle from the following lists.\n\nFor cars or light vans:\n\n- suspension (front and back)\n\n- steering assembly\n\n- axles (both)\n\n- transmission\n\n- engine\n\nFor motorbikes:\n\n- forks\n\n- wheels\n\n- engine\n\n- gear box\n\n## Get a Q registration number\n\nDVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number if you do not meet the conditions for keeping the original registration number.\n\nYour vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a Q registration number.\n\nVehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.\n\n## Kit-built vehicles\n\nYour vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.\n\nA kit-built vehicle is one where all the parts are supplied new by the manufacturer.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.\n\nYou must include the following with your application:\n\n- form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019\n\n- evidence of type approval \u2013 see \u2018Vehicle type approval\u2019 below\n\n- official receipts for the vehicle and any parts used\n\n- build plans\n\n- evidence that any \u2018reconditioned\u2019 part is to an \u2018as new\u2019 standard\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.\n\nSend your application to:\n\n## Vehicle type approval\n\nAll kit-built vehicles have to get type approval.\n\n## Get a current registration number\n\nYou can register a kit-built car, motorcycle or tricycle with a current registration number if you can prove it\u2019s all made from new parts supplied by the manufacturer.\n\nYou can also get a current registration number for a kit-built car, motorbike or tricycle built with one reconditioned part if:\n\n- you can show that the part has been reconditioned to an \u2018as new\u2019 standard, in line with the manufacturer\u2019s guidelines\n\n- the part is not the chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame\n\n## Get a Q registration number\n\nDVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number if you do not meet the conditions for getting a current registration number.\n\nYour vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a Q registration number.\n\n## Kit-converted vehicles\n\nYour vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.\n\nA kit-converted vehicle has had:\n\n- a kit of new parts added to an existing vehicle, or\n\n- old parts added to a new kit\n\nThe general appearance of the vehicle will change because of the kit.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include the following with your application:\n\n- form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019\n\n- the vehicle registration certificate for the original vehicle\n\n- evidence of type approval, if necessary \u2013 see \u2018Vehicle type approval\u2019 below\n\n- official receipts for any parts used\n\n- build plans\n\n- photographs of the vehicle\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.\n\nSend your application to:\n\n## Keep a vehicle\u2019s original registration number\n\nYou can apply to keep a kit converted vehicle\u2019s original registration number if you can prove you\u2019ve used 2 original major parts along with the original unmodified:\n\n- chassis (car or light van)\n\n- monocoque bodyshell (car or light van)\n\n- frame (motorbike)\n\n## Get an age-related registration number\n\nYou can apply for an age-related number if you can prove you\u2019ve used 2 original major parts along with:\n\n- a new monocoque bodyshell, chassis or frame from a specialist kit manufacturer\n\n- an altered chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame from the original vehicle\n\nThe registration number will be based on the age of the original vehicle.\n\nYour vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get an age-related registration number.\n\n## Get a Q registration number\n\nDVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number if you do not meet the conditions for getting an original or age-related registration number.\n\nYour vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a Q registration number.\n\nVehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.\n\n## Radically altered vehicles\n\nYour vehicle must comply with the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.\n\nRadically altered vehicles are vehicles that have been altered from their original specification, but are not kit conversions.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include the following with your application:\n\n- form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019\n\n- evidence of type approval, if necessary\n\n- the vehicle registration certificate\n\n- official receipts for any parts used\n\n- photographs of the vehicle\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.\n\nSend your application to:\n\n## Get a vehicle registration number\n\nDVLA uses a points system to decide what registration number to give a radically altered vehicle.\n\n## Keep the original registration number\n\nYour vehicle must have 8 or more points from the table below if you want to keep the original registration number. 5 of these points must come from having the original or new and unmodified chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame.\n\n| Part | Points |\n\n| Chassis, monocoque bodyshell (body and chassis as one unit) or frame - original or new and unmodified (direct from manufacturer) | 5 |\n\n| Suspension (front and back) - original | 2 |\n\n| Axles (both) - original | 2 |\n\n| Transmission - original | 2 |\n\n| Steering assembly - original | 2 |\n\n| Engine - original | 1 |\n\n## Get a \u2018Q\u2019 registration number\n\nYou will not be able to keep your vehicle\u2019s original registration number if one of the following applies:\n\n- it has fewer than 8 points\n\n- it has a second-hand or altered chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame\n\n- there\u2019s evidence that 2 vehicles have been welded together to form one (ie \u2018cut and shut\u2019)\n\nYour vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number.\n\nVehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.\n\n## Old vehicles\n\nYour vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.\n\nIf you have a classic vehicle that has not been taxed since 1983, it might not be registered with DVLA.\n\nIf this is the case and you want to register it, follow all the instructions for registering a vehicle for the first time.\n\n## Get your vehicle\u2019s original registration number\n\nYou may be able to register an old vehicle under its original registration number if either:\n\n- it\u2019s never been registered at DVLA\n\n- it has an age-related registration number\n\nTo do this, you\u2019ll have to:\n\n- follow the instructions for new registrations\n\n- fill in form V765 - \u2018Application to register a vehicle under its original registration number\u2019\n\n- get form V765 endorsed by a vehicle owners\u2019 club\n\n- provide a recent photo of the vehicle and documentary evidence that links it to the original number, for example the original log book\n\nSend the forms to \u2018K and R\u2019 at DVLA.\n\nK and R\nDVLA\nSA99 1ZZ\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nDVLA will issue a V5C registration certificate and give you either:\n\n- the original registration number - if this happens, you will not be allowed to transfer it or put it onto retention at a later date\n\n- another number appropriate to the age of the vehicle - if this is a non-suffix or prefix number, it will also be non-transferable\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nSend a completed V62 form and the RF60 form if you want to register a historic vehicle in Northern Ireland.\n\nDVLA will register the vehicle and issue a new V5C to the registered keeper. You should receive this within 4 weeks.\n\n## Reconstructed classic vehicles\n\nYour vehicle must comply with the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.\n\nYou must include the following with your application:\n\n- written report from the appropriate vehicle owners\u2019 club\n\n- form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019\n\n- evidence of type approval, if necessary\n\n- official receipts for any parts used\n\n## Get an age-related registration number\n\nDVLA can only recognise your vehicle as a reconstructed classic vehicle if it meets certain criteria. It must be:\n\n- built from genuine period components from more than one vehicle, all over 25 years old and of the same specification as the original vehicle\n\n- a true reflection of the marque\n\nThe appropriate vehicle owners\u2019 club for the vehicle type (\u2018marque\u2019) must inspect the vehicle and confirm in writing that it:\n\n- has been inspected\n\n- is a true reflection of the marque\n\n- is comprised of genuine period components all over 25 years old\n\nThey must also give manufacture dates for the major components.\n\nDVLA will assign an age-related registration number to the vehicle based on the youngest component used.\n\n## New or replica parts\n\nYour vehicle will not get an age-related registration number if it includes new or replica parts. DVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number. Your vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number.\n\nVehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.\n\n## Vehicle identification number\n\nAll vehicles registered in the UK must have a unique, stamped-in vehicle identification number (VIN) and registration number.\n\n## Find your VIN\n\nThe VIN is usually stamped into the chassis of the vehicle. It may be lost if you rebuild or modify your vehicle.\n\n## When you may need a new VIN or registration\n\nIf you have a kit car, rebuild, or radically altered vehicle, DVLA will usually have to assess it.\n\nYou may be able to keep its original registration number if you can prove the vehicle\u2019s original VIN. If you cannot, you\u2019ll have to apply for a replacement identity number.\n\nDVLA will give you an authorisation letter to get the vehicle stamped with the new VIN if your vehicle passes its assessment.\n\nYou then need to register the vehicle - you can only do this when DVLA receives confirmation it\u2019s been stamped with the correct VIN.\n\n## 'Q' registration numbers\n\nDVLA issues \u2018Q\u2019 registration numbers to vehicles whose age or identity is in doubt.\n\nIf this happens, any original vehicle registration number will become invalid and you must not display it again.\n\nTo get a \u2018Q\u2019 registration number, your vehicle has to pass a type approval process.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You have to register a car or any other vehicle as soon as you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • bought it
    • ", + "
  • built it
    • ", + "
  • rebuilt or altered it
    • ", + "
  • imported it
    • ", + "

    You do this by filling in forms and sending them to DVLA. The forms you have to send depend on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    DVLA may need to inspect your vehicle to:

    ", + "
  • make sure the vehicle exists, has been assembled into a complete vehicle and the log book (V5C) is in your name
    • ", + "
  • update their records because of changes you\u2019ve made to the vehicle
    • ", + "

    They will send you a letter if they need to do this. You will not have to pay a fee.

    ", + "

    Use the different registration schemes for the motor trade if you\u2019re a vehicle manufacturer, importer or VAT-registered trader.

    ", + "

    New and used vehicles

    ", + "

    New vehicles

    ", + "

    The dealer will usually register a brand new vehicle for you. If they do, you\u2019ll get a V5C registration certificate (log book). It will take longer than usual to get this because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If the dealer will not do it, you can register the vehicle yourself.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is a new heavy goods vehicle (HGV), you also need to record the details of your HGV with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).

    ", + "

    Used vehicles

    ", + "

    You need to tax a used vehicle before you can use it on the road.

    ", + "

    The way a used vehicle is registered to you depends on whether it has a V5C registration certificate (log book).

    ", + "

    Vehicle has a registration certificate (V5C)

    ", + "

    The seller can register the vehicle to you online or by post.

    ", + "

    The seller must follow a different process if you\u2019re buying a vehicle to take abroad including the Channel Islands (Jersey and Guernsey), Isle of Man or Ireland. They must give you the full log book (V5C) and not send it to DVLA.

    ", + "

    Register online

    ", + "

    The seller will need to:

    ", + "
  • register the vehicle to you online
    • ", + "
  • fill in the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip and give it to you
    • ", + "
  • destroy the V5C
    • ", + "

    DVLA will update the vehicle record immediately and they will aim to send out a new V5C to you within 3 to 5 days.

    ", + "

    Register by post

    ", + "

    If you cannot register the vehicle online, you can register it by post. The seller will need to:

    ", + "
  • complete section 2 if they have a new style log book (with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover) or section 6 if they have the older style log book
    • ", + "
  • sign the declaration in section 8 if they have the older style log book (you must sign the declaration too)
    • ", + "
  • fill in the new keeper slip and give it to you
    • ", + "
  • send the V5C to DVLA
    • ", + "

    DVLA aims to send out a new V5C to you as soon as possible, usually 4 weeks after getting the old V5C from the seller. This may take longer because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    If you do not get it within 4 weeks:

    ", + "
  • complete form V62 - \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019
    • ", + "
  • send it to DVLA with the new keeper slip given to you by the seller - if you do not send in the new keeper slip, you\u2019ll have to pay a fee
    • ", + "

    Download form V62 or get it from any Post Office branch.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you do not receive anything 6 weeks after sending in form V62.

    ", + "

    Vehicle does not have a registration certificate

    ", + "

    DVLA advises that you should not buy a vehicle that does not have a registration certificate (V5C).

    ", + "

    Register the vehicle in your name by using form V62 \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019. You\u2019ll have to pay a fee. See the section above for how to get form V62.

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you do not receive anything 6 weeks after sending in form V62.

    ", + "

    Checking your new registration certificate

    ", + "

    When you receive your registration certificate, it\u2019s your responsibility to check all the details are correct. If anything is incorrect, make the changes on the certificate and send it back to DVLA.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the replacement certificate within 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    New registrations

    ", + "

    Your vehicle may not have been registered before with DVLA if it\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • brand new
    • ", + "
  • a kit car
    • ", + "
  • imported
    • ", + "
  • been rebuilt or radically altered
    • ", + "
  • an old or classic vehicle
    • ", + "

    If you buy a brand new vehicle, the dealer will usually arrange for it to be registered. Otherwise, you need to follow the process below.

    ", + "

    Making an application

    ", + "

    Fill in form V55/4 or V55/5

    ", + "

    For any type of newly registered vehicle, you must fill in either a:

    ", + "
  • V55/4 form to register a new vehicle, including new imported vehicles and newly-built (kit) cars
    • ", + "
  • V55/5 form to register a used vehicle, including rebuilt vehicles, used imported vehicles and older vehicles that have never been registered
    • ", + "

    Provide copies of identity documents

    ", + "

    Send in a photocopy of your photocard driving licence with your application form to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    If you cannot do this, you must send in photocopies of one document that proves your name and another document that proves your address.

    ", + "

    Documents you can use to confirm your name include:

    ", + "
  • passport
    • ", + "
  • marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • decree nisi or absolute
    • ", + "
  • birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • current UK paper driving licence (not a paper counterpart)
    • ", + "

    Documents you can use to confirm your address include:

    ", + "
  • recent utility bill (within the last 3 months) - for example gas, electricity, water, landline
    • ", + "
  • recent bank or building society statement (within the last 3 months)
    • ", + "
  • medical card
    • ", + "
  • council tax bill for current year
    • ", + "

    You can fill in form V959 - \u2018Notification of name and address check\u2019 instead of these documents to prove your identity if you\u2019re a current DVLA trade plate holder.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents needed for all vehicles

    ", + "

    As well as documents to prove your identity, you must also send:

    ", + "
  • payment for the vehicle tax
    • ", + "
  • the new registration fee of \u00a355, if you have to pay it
    • ", + "
  • a current MOT certificate, if the vehicle is over 3 years old (over 4 years old in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of newness (or declaration of newness for imported vehicles), if the vehicle is new
    • ", + "
  • proof of vehicle approval if the vehicle is under 10 years old (unless it\u2019s exempt from vehicle approval)
    • ", + "
  • any documents you have relating to the vehicle, for example build plans if it\u2019s a kit car
    • ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (if you\u2019re registering the vehicle to an address in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    Supporting documents needed for some vehicles

    ", + "

    You may have to send extra forms and documents if your vehicle is:

    ", + "
  • imported
    • ", + "
  • kit-built, rebuilt, kit-converted or radically altered
    • ", + "
  • an old vehicle
    • ", + "
  • a reconstructed classic vehicle
    • ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    DVLA might need to inspect your vehicle. If your application is approved, DVLA will send you a V5C registration certificate (sometimes called a log book).

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) it\u2019s taking longer than usual to get a new registration certificate.

    ", + "

    Your V5C shows:

    ", + "
  • the vehicle\u2019s registration number
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle keeper\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • other information about the vehicle (the make, vehicle identification number (VIN) and number of previous keepers)
    • ", + "

    DVLA will also return your identity documents.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a prepaid self-addressed, special delivery envelope if you want the documents returned by special delivery.

    ", + "

    DVLA cannot guarantee the return of the documents by a specific date.

    ", + "

    New registrations fee

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a fee of \u00a355 if you\u2019re registering and taxing a vehicle for the first time with DVLA.

    ", + "

    You can pay by cheque or postal order. You cannot send cash. Damaged or altered cheques will not be accepted.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay for some vehicles, including:

    ", + "
  • those first registered and licensed in the disabled exempt taxation class
    • ", + "
  • historic vehicles previously registered with the old local authorities (late conversions)
    • ", + "
  • vehicles previously registered in the United Kingdom
    • ", + "
  • imported vehicles previously registered under the personal export scheme and new means of transport scheme
    • ", + "
  • visiting forces vehicles
    • ", + "
  • vehicles registered under the direct export scheme
    • ", + "
  • vehicles registered for off-road use only
    • ", + "
  • crown exempt vehicles
    • ", + "

    Rebuilt vehicles

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    You must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.

    ", + "

    You must include the following with your application:

    ", + "
  • form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019
    • ", + "
  • evidence of type approval, if necessary
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle registration certificate for the original vehicle
    • ", + "
  • official receipts for any parts used
    • ", + "
  • photographs of the vehicle
    • ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.

    ", + "

    Send your application to:

    ", + "

    Vehicle type approval

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to get type approval if your vehicle does not qualify to keep its original registration number.

    ", + "

    Keep a vehicle\u2019s original registration number

    ", + "

    A rebuilt vehicle can keep its original registration number if you can prove you\u2019ve used:

    ", + "
  • the original unmodified chassis or bodyshell (car or light van)
    • ", + "
  • a new chassis or monocoque bodyshell of the same specification as the original (car or light van)
    • ", + "
  • the original unmodified frame (motorbike)
    • ", + "
  • a new frame of the same specification as the original (motorbike)
    • ", + "

    You must also have 2 other major components from the original vehicle from the following lists.

    ", + "

    For cars or light vans:

    ", + "
  • suspension (front and back)
    • ", + "
  • steering assembly
    • ", + "
  • axles (both)
    • ", + "
  • transmission
    • ", + "
  • engine
    • ", + "

    For motorbikes:

    ", + "
  • forks
    • ", + "
  • wheels
    • ", + "
  • engine
    • ", + "
  • gear box
    • ", + "

    Get a Q registration number

    ", + "

    DVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number if you do not meet the conditions for keeping the original registration number.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a Q registration number.

    ", + "

    Vehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.

    ", + "

    Kit-built vehicles

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.

    ", + "

    A kit-built vehicle is one where all the parts are supplied new by the manufacturer.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    You must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.

    ", + "

    You must include the following with your application:

    ", + "
  • form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019
    • ", + "
  • evidence of type approval \u2013 see \u2018Vehicle type approval\u2019 below
    • ", + "
  • official receipts for the vehicle and any parts used
    • ", + "
  • build plans
    • ", + "
  • evidence that any \u2018reconditioned\u2019 part is to an \u2018as new\u2019 standard
    • ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.

    ", + "

    Send your application to:

    ", + "

    Vehicle type approval

    ", + "

    All kit-built vehicles have to get type approval.

    ", + "

    Get a current registration number

    ", + "

    You can register a kit-built car, motorcycle or tricycle with a current registration number if you can prove it\u2019s all made from new parts supplied by the manufacturer.

    ", + "

    You can also get a current registration number for a kit-built car, motorbike or tricycle built with one reconditioned part if:

    ", + "
  • you can show that the part has been reconditioned to an \u2018as new\u2019 standard, in line with the manufacturer\u2019s guidelines
    • ", + "
  • the part is not the chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame
    • ", + "

    Get a Q registration number

    ", + "

    DVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number if you do not meet the conditions for getting a current registration number.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a Q registration number.

    ", + "

    Kit-converted vehicles

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.

    ", + "

    A kit-converted vehicle has had:

    ", + "
  • a kit of new parts added to an existing vehicle, or
    • ", + "
  • old parts added to a new kit
    • ", + "

    The general appearance of the vehicle will change because of the kit.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    You must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include the following with your application:

    ", + "
  • form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle registration certificate for the original vehicle
    • ", + "
  • evidence of type approval, if necessary \u2013 see \u2018Vehicle type approval\u2019 below
    • ", + "
  • official receipts for any parts used
    • ", + "
  • build plans
    • ", + "
  • photographs of the vehicle
    • ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.

    ", + "

    Send your application to:

    ", + "

    Keep a vehicle\u2019s original registration number

    ", + "

    You can apply to keep a kit converted vehicle\u2019s original registration number if you can prove you\u2019ve used 2 original major parts along with the original unmodified:

    ", + "
  • chassis (car or light van)
    • ", + "
  • monocoque bodyshell (car or light van)
    • ", + "
  • frame (motorbike)
    • ", + "

    Get an age-related registration number

    ", + "

    You can apply for an age-related number if you can prove you\u2019ve used 2 original major parts along with:

    ", + "
  • a new monocoque bodyshell, chassis or frame from a specialist kit manufacturer
    • ", + "
  • an altered chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame from the original vehicle
    • ", + "

    The registration number will be based on the age of the original vehicle.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get an age-related registration number.

    ", + "

    Get a Q registration number

    ", + "

    DVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number if you do not meet the conditions for getting an original or age-related registration number.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a Q registration number.

    ", + "

    Vehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.

    ", + "

    Radically altered vehicles

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must comply with the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.

    ", + "

    Radically altered vehicles are vehicles that have been altered from their original specification, but are not kit conversions.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    You must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include the following with your application:

    ", + "
  • form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019
    • ", + "
  • evidence of type approval, if necessary
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle registration certificate
    • ", + "
  • official receipts for any parts used
    • ", + "
  • photographs of the vehicle
    • ", + "

    Contact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.

    ", + "

    Send your application to:

    ", + "

    Get a vehicle registration number

    ", + "

    DVLA uses a points system to decide what registration number to give a radically altered vehicle.

    ", + "

    Keep the original registration number

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must have 8 or more points from the table below if you want to keep the original registration number. 5 of these points must come from having the original or new and unmodified chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame.

    ", + "Part | Points", + "Chassis, monocoque bodyshell (body and chassis as one unit) or frame - original or new and unmodified (direct from manufacturer) | 5", + "Suspension (front and back) - original | 2", + "Axles (both) - original | 2", + "Transmission - original | 2", + "Steering assembly - original | 2", + "Engine - original | 1", + "

    Get a \u2018Q\u2019 registration number

    ", + "

    You will not be able to keep your vehicle\u2019s original registration number if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • it has fewer than 8 points
    • ", + "
  • it has a second-hand or altered chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s evidence that 2 vehicles have been welded together to form one (ie \u2018cut and shut\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Your vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number.

    ", + "

    Vehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.

    ", + "

    Old vehicles

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.

    ", + "

    If you have a classic vehicle that has not been taxed since 1983, it might not be registered with DVLA.

    ", + "

    If this is the case and you want to register it, follow all the instructions for registering a vehicle for the first time.

    ", + "

    Get your vehicle\u2019s original registration number

    ", + "

    You may be able to register an old vehicle under its original registration number if either:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s never been registered at DVLA
    • ", + "
  • it has an age-related registration number
    • ", + "

    To do this, you\u2019ll have to:

    ", + "
  • follow the instructions for new registrations
    • ", + "
  • fill in form V765 - \u2018Application to register a vehicle under its original registration number\u2019
    • ", + "
  • get form V765 endorsed by a vehicle owners\u2019 club
    • ", + "
  • provide a recent photo of the vehicle and documentary evidence that links it to the original number, for example the original log book
    • ", + "

    Send the forms to \u2018K and R\u2019 at DVLA.

    ", + "

    K and R\nDVLA\nSA99 1ZZ

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    DVLA will issue a V5C registration certificate and give you either:

    ", + "
  • the original registration number - if this happens, you will not be allowed to transfer it or put it onto retention at a later date
    • ", + "
  • another number appropriate to the age of the vehicle - if this is a non-suffix or prefix number, it will also be non-transferable
    • ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Send a completed V62 form and the RF60 form if you want to register a historic vehicle in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    DVLA will register the vehicle and issue a new V5C to the registered keeper. You should receive this within 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    Reconstructed classic vehicles

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must comply with the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    You must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.

    ", + "

    You must include the following with your application:

    ", + "
  • written report from the appropriate vehicle owners\u2019 club
    • ", + "
  • form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019
    • ", + "
  • evidence of type approval, if necessary
    • ", + "
  • official receipts for any parts used
    • ", + "

    Get an age-related registration number

    ", + "

    DVLA can only recognise your vehicle as a reconstructed classic vehicle if it meets certain criteria. It must be:

    ", + "
  • built from genuine period components from more than one vehicle, all over 25 years old and of the same specification as the original vehicle
    • ", + "
  • a true reflection of the marque
    • ", + "

    The appropriate vehicle owners\u2019 club for the vehicle type (\u2018marque\u2019) must inspect the vehicle and confirm in writing that it:

    ", + "
  • has been inspected
    • ", + "
  • is a true reflection of the marque
    • ", + "
  • is comprised of genuine period components all over 25 years old
    • ", + "

    They must also give manufacture dates for the major components.

    ", + "

    DVLA will assign an age-related registration number to the vehicle based on the youngest component used.

    ", + "

    New or replica parts

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will not get an age-related registration number if it includes new or replica parts. DVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number. Your vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number.

    ", + "

    Vehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.

    ", + "

    Vehicle identification number

    ", + "

    All vehicles registered in the UK must have a unique, stamped-in vehicle identification number (VIN) and registration number.

    ", + "

    Find your VIN

    ", + "

    The VIN is usually stamped into the chassis of the vehicle. It may be lost if you rebuild or modify your vehicle.

    ", + "

    When you may need a new VIN or registration

    ", + "

    If you have a kit car, rebuild, or radically altered vehicle, DVLA will usually have to assess it.

    ", + "

    You may be able to keep its original registration number if you can prove the vehicle\u2019s original VIN. If you cannot, you\u2019ll have to apply for a replacement identity number.

    ", + "

    DVLA will give you an authorisation letter to get the vehicle stamped with the new VIN if your vehicle passes its assessment.

    ", + "

    You then need to register the vehicle - you can only do this when DVLA receives confirmation it\u2019s been stamped with the correct VIN.

    ", + "

    'Q' registration numbers

    ", + "

    DVLA issues \u2018Q\u2019 registration numbers to vehicles whose age or identity is in doubt.

    ", + "

    If this happens, any original vehicle registration number will become invalid and you must not display it again.

    ", + "

    To get a \u2018Q\u2019 registration number, your vehicle has to pass a type approval process.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/drivers-hours": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drivers-hours", + "title": "Drivers' hours", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you drive a goods vehicle or a passenger-carrying vehicle you must follow the rules on how many hours you can drive and the breaks that you need to take.\n\nThere are 3 sets of rules that could apply to your journey:\n\n- EU rules\n\n- AETR rules\n\n- GB domestic rules\n\nThe rules that apply depend on:\n\n- the type of vehicle you\u2019re driving\n\n- which country you\u2019re driving in\n\nIf you drive under the EU or GB domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules, you also need to follow the working time rules.\n\nIf you\u2019re an employer of drivers or mobile workers there are more rules you must follow.\n\nThere are different drivers\u2019 hours rules in Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you do not follow the rules\n\nIf you break the drivers\u2019 hours rules, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) can give you:\n\n- a verbal warning, for minor offences made by accident or because of inexperience\n\n- an offence rectification notice, for offences which are not a risk to road safety - you\u2019ll have 21 days to fix the issue\n\n- a prohibition notice, for serious or dangerous offences - you must stop a dangerous activity or start following the regulations\n\n- a fine or points on your licence (a \u2018fixed penalty\u2019) \u2013 the amount depends on how serious the offence is\n\nYou can be prosecuted for very serious or multiple offences.\n\nDVSA can give you further penalties (such as an improvement or prohibition notice) if you also break the working time rules.\n\nYou can ask for an emergency exemption from the rules. Read the guidance on emergency exemption and temporary relaxation of drivers\u2019 hours and working time rules.\n\n## Drivers\u2019 hours checklists\n\nYou can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 checklists, which cover the basic rules:\n\n- Staying legal - the basics (HGV drivers)\n\n- Staying legal - the basics (PSV drivers)\n\n## Rules for employers\n\nIf you employ drivers or other mobile workers, you must:\n\n- keep drivers\u2019 hours records for at least one year\n\n- make sure they are properly trained and understand the rules\n\n- organise their time so that they can follow the rules\n\n- check your drivers\u2019 hours records and data\n\n- monitor your workers\u2019 working time\n\nMobile workers are:\n\n- drivers - including employed drivers, own-account drivers and agency drivers\n\n- members of the vehicle crew, for example a second driver on a coach\n\n- anyone else who is part of the travelling staff, for example a bus conductor, a drayman or a security guard aboard a vehicle carrying high-value goods\n\n## Goods vehicles\n\nThe rules that apply to goods vehicles depend on the weight of your vehicle, the country you\u2019re driving in and what you\u2019re using the vehicle for.\n\n## EU rules\n\nEU rules apply if the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is more than 3.5 tonnes and you\u2019re driving in any of the following:\n\n- the EU (including the UK)\n\n- an European Economic Area (EEA) country\n\n- Switzerland\n\nSome vehicles are exempt from EU rules when driven in the UK.\n\n## AETR rules\n\nAETR (European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews Engaged in International Road Transport) rules apply if your vehicle will pass through an AETR country.\n\n## GB domestic rules\n\nGB domestic rules apply if both the following are true:\n\n- the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is under 3.5 tonnes\n\n- your vehicle is exempt from EU rules when driven in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ll be driving through a country outside of the UK, EU, EEA or Switzerland, you should contact the UK embassy of the country to check on local rules.\n\n## More information\n\nRead Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.\n\nRead the rules for drivers\u2019 hours in the recovery vehicle industry.\n\nYou can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 leaflet, which includes checklists covering the basic rules.\n\nThere are specific rules for tachographs and horse boxes or trailers.\n\n## Passenger-carrying vehicles\n\nIf you\u2019re driving a vehicle that carries passengers the rules that apply to you depend on:\n\n- the number of passenger seats\n\n- how far you\u2019re driving (the distance of your route)\n\n- if you\u2019re driving to or from another country\n\n- if you\u2019re driving on a regular or a non-regular service\n\nA regular service follows a specified route, with stopping points for passengers to get on or off.\n\n## Public service vehicles (PSV)\n\nA public service vehicle is a vehicle that\u2019s used to carry passengers for hire or payment.\n\n| Type of operation | 8 or fewer passenger seats | 9 to 12 passenger seats | 13 to 16 passenger seats | 17 or more passenger seats |\n\n| Regular service on route not exceeding 50km | GB domestic rules | GB domestic rules | GB Domestic rules | GB Domestic rules |\n\n| National or international regular service on route exceeding 50km | The local rules of the countries you drive in (GB domestic rules in the UK) | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules |\n\n| National or international non-regular service for example commercial excursions, tours or private hire | The local rules of the countries you drive in (GB domestic rules in the UK) | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules |\n\n## Other passenger-carrying vehicles\n\nYou do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules if you drive a police, fire service or armed forces vehicle.\n\nIf you drive for a different public authority or for a business, and your vehicle is a non-PSV with:\n\n- up to 8 passenger seats - you do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules\n\n- 9 or more passenger seats - you must follow the EU rules (unless your vehicle is exempt from EU law)\n\n## If you drive a \u2018non-commercial\u2019 vehicle\n\nYou drive a non-commercial vehicle if:\n\n- passengers are not charged to use the vehicle\n\n- you and any other workers are not paid to operate or work in the vehicle\n\n- the vehicle is not used professionally or commercially\n\nIf your vehicle has up to 8 passenger seats, you do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules.\n\nIf your vehicle has 9 or more passenger seats, you usually need to follow the EU rules. You need to follow GB rules instead if your vehicle has between 10 and 17 passenger seats and is only used for non-commercial journeys.\n\n## If you use your vehicle outside the UK\n\nIf you drive between the UK and another country and your vehicle has:\n\n- up to 8 passenger seats - you must follow the local rules for the country you\u2019re driving in\n\n- 9 or more passenger seats - you must follow the EU or the European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport (AETR) rules\n\n## More information\n\nRead Passenger vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.\n\nYou can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 leaflet, which includes checklists covering the basic rules.\n\n## Exemptions from EU law\n\nSome types of vehicle are exempt from EU rules. This means they come under GB domestic rules in the UK.\n\nThe main types of exempt vehicle are:\n\n- vehicles that cannot go faster than 40 kilometres per hour, including vehicles that are restricted by a set speed limiter\n\n- emergency aid vehicles - vehicles used in the non-commercial transport of humanitarian aid for use in emergencies or rescue operations\n\n- breakdown vehicles - specialised breakdown vehicles working within a 100km of their base\n\n- vehicles undergoing road tests for technical development, repair or maintenance purposes, and new or rebuilt vehicles which have not yet been put into service\n\n- vehicles manufactured more than 25 years ago\n\n- vehicles used by agricultural, horticultural, forestry, farming or fishery businesses for carrying goods within 100km of where the business is based\n\n- vehicles that are used to carry live animals between a farm and a market, or from a market to a slaughterhouse where the distance is less than 100km\n\n- vehicles that are used to carry animal waste or carcasses that are not intended for human consumption\n\n- educational vehicles, for example play buses and mobile libraries\n\n- vehicles or combinations of vehicles with a maximum permissible weight of 7.5 tonnes or less that are used for carrying work equipment for the driver where the distance is less than 100km\n\n- vehicles driven only on islands whose area does not exceed 2,300 square kilometres\n\n- vehicles with a maximum weight of 7.5 tonnes which use natural or liquefied gas or electricity as fuel and carry goods within 50km from their base\n\n- driving instruction or exams - vehicles used for driving instruction and examination. Includes instruction for renewal of Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC)\n\n- circus vehicles - specialised vehicles transporting circus and funfair equipment\n\n- milk collection - vehicles used for collecting milk from farms or returning milk containers or milk products for animal feed to farms\n\n- any vehicle that is propelled by steam\n\nRead the full list of exempt vehicles.\n\n## EU rules\n\n## Driving hours\n\nThe main EU rules on driving hours are that you must not drive more than:\n\n- 9 hours in a day - this can be extended to 10 hours twice a week\n\n- 56 hours in a week\n\n- 90 hours in any 2 consecutive weeks\n\nAll driving you do under EU rules must be recorded on a tachograph.\n\n## Breaks and rest\n\nThe main points of EU rules on breaks and rest are that you must take:\n\n- at least 11 hours rest every day - you can reduce this to 9 hours rest 3 times between any 2 weekly rest periods\n\n- an unbroken rest period of 45 hours every week - you can reduce this to 24 hours every other week\n\n- a break or breaks totalling at least 45 minutes after no more than 4 hours 30 minutes driving\n\n- your weekly rest after 6 consecutive 24-hour periods of working, starting from the end of the last weekly rest period taken\n\nCoach drivers on an international trip can take their weekly rest after 12 consecutive 24-hour periods, starting from the end of the last weekly rest period taken.\n\nFor more details on rests and breaks read:\n\n- Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs\n\n- Passenger vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs\n\n## AETR rules\n\nThe European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport (AETR) rules are now the same as the EU rules on drivers\u2019 hours.\n\nThe AETR rules cover all EU countries and:\n\n- Albania\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Armenia\n\n- Azerbaijan\n\n- Belarus\n\n- Bosnia and Herzegovina\n\n- Georgia\n\n- Kazakhstan\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Monaco\n\n- Montenegro\n\n- Moldova\n\n- North Macedonia\n\n- Norway\n\n- Russia\n\n- San Marino\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Turkey\n\n- Turkmenistan\n\n- Ukraine\n\n- United Kingdom\n\n- Uzbekistan\n\n## GB domestic rules\n\nThe GB domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules apply to most passenger-carrying vehicles and goods vehicles that do not have to follow the EU rules.\n\nGB domestic rules apply in Great Britain - there are separate rules in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Goods vehicles\n\n## Duty time\n\nIf you work as a driver for a company, duty time is any working time. If you\u2019re self-employed, duty time is only time you spend driving the vehicle or doing other work related to the vehicle or its load.\n\n## Daily driving limit\n\nYou must not drive for more than 10 hours in a day:\n\n- on a public road\n\n- off-road if not during duty time\n\nOff-road driving counts as duty time if it\u2019s for:\n\n- agriculture\n\n- quarrying\n\n- forestry\n\n- building work\n\n- civil engineering\n\n## Daily duty limit\n\nYou must not be on duty for more than 11 hours in any working day. This limit does not apply on any working day when you do not drive.\n\nYou must record your hours on a weekly record sheet or on a tachograph.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need to follow the GB domestic rules if you:\n\n- are dealing with an emergency - for example, a major disruption to public services or danger to life\n\n- are using the vehicle for private driving and not for work\n\n- drive off-road or on private roads during duty time\n\n- drive a vehicle used by the armed forces, police or fire brigade\n\n## Passenger-carrying vehicles\n\n## Duty time\n\nIf you work as a driver for a company, duty time is any working time. If you\u2019re self-employed, duty time is only time you spend driving the vehicle or doing other work related to the vehicle or its load.\n\n## Daily driving limit\n\nYou must not drive for more than 10 hours in any working day.\n\n## Breaks and continuous driving\n\nAfter 5 hours 30 minutes of driving you must take a break of at least 30 minutes for rest and refreshment.\n\nOr, within any period of 8 hours 30 minutes, you must take at least 45 minutes in breaks. You must also have a break of at least 30 minutes at the end of this period, unless it\u2019s the end of the working day.\n\n## Length of working day (\u2018spreadover\u2019)\n\nYou must not work more than 16 hours between the times of starting and finishing work - including non-driving work and any times when you\u2019re off.\n\n## Daily rest periods\n\nYou must take a rest of 10 hours before the first duty and immediately after the last duty in a working week.\n\nYou must take a rest of at least 10 hours between 2 working days (or spreadovers) - this can be reduced to 8.5 hours up to 3 times a week.\n\n## Fortnightly rest periods\n\nEvery 2 weeks you must take at least one period of 24 hours off duty.\n\nA fixed week is from 00:00 hours on Monday to 24:00 hours the next Sunday.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need to follow the GB domestic rules if you:\n\n- are dealing with an emergency - for example, a major disruption to public services or danger to life\n\n- drive for less than 4 hours a day in a week\n\nIf you drive for more than 4 hours for up to 2 days a week, you do not need to follow all of the rules. You need to:\n\n- follow the rules for daily driving limits and length of working day\n\n- start and finish all of your duties within a 24-hour period\n\n- take a rest of 10 hours before the first duty and immediately after the last duty\n\nIf you work overnight and the rules applied on the day your shift began, you must follow the rules for your entire shift - even if your shift finishes during a week in which you\u2019re exempt from the rules.\n\n## Driving under both EU and GB domestic rules\n\nIf you work partly under EU/AETR rules and partly under GB domestic rules during a day or a week you need to know the following:\n\n- driving under EU rules counts towards the driving and duty limits under GB domestic rules\n\n- on any days you drive under EU rules you must take EU daily rest periods, as well as a weekly rest period\n\n- you cannot count the time you spend driving under EU rules as an off-duty period under GB domestic rules\n\n- driving and other duty under GB domestic rules count as \u2018attendance at work\u2019, not as a break or rest period under EU rules\n\n## Driving limits\n\nYou must follow the GB domestic limit of a maximum of 10 hours driving a day. But at any time when you\u2019re actually driving under the EU rules you must follow all the rules on EU driving limits.\n\n## Other duty limits\n\nYou must follow the GB domestic limit of a maximum of:\n\n- 11 hours on duty if you drive a goods vehicle\n\n- 16 hours on duty if you drive a passenger-carrying vehicle\n\n## Rest periods and breaks\n\nYou must follow the EU rules on rest periods and breaks on days and weeks when you drive under EU rules.\n\nA fixed week is from 00:00 hours on Monday to 24:00 hours the next Sunday.\n\nRead Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.\n\nRead the rules for drivers\u2019 hours in the recovery vehicle industry.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you drive a goods vehicle or a passenger-carrying vehicle you must follow the rules on how many hours you can drive and the breaks that you need to take.

    ", + "

    There are 3 sets of rules that could apply to your journey:

    ", + "
  • EU rules
    • ", + "
  • AETR rules
    • ", + "
  • GB domestic rules
    • ", + "

    The rules that apply depend on:

    ", + "
  • the type of vehicle you\u2019re driving
    • ", + "
  • which country you\u2019re driving in
    • ", + "

    If you drive under the EU or GB domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules, you also need to follow the working time rules.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employer of drivers or mobile workers there are more rules you must follow.

    ", + "

    There are different drivers\u2019 hours rules in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you do not follow the rules

    ", + "

    If you break the drivers\u2019 hours rules, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) can give you:

    ", + "
  • a verbal warning, for minor offences made by accident or because of inexperience
    • ", + "
  • an offence rectification notice, for offences which are not a risk to road safety - you\u2019ll have 21 days to fix the issue
    • ", + "
  • a prohibition notice, for serious or dangerous offences - you must stop a dangerous activity or start following the regulations
    • ", + "
  • a fine or points on your licence (a \u2018fixed penalty\u2019) \u2013 the amount depends on how serious the offence is
    • ", + "

    You can be prosecuted for very serious or multiple offences.

    ", + "

    DVSA can give you further penalties (such as an improvement or prohibition notice) if you also break the working time rules.

    ", + "

    You can ask for an emergency exemption from the rules. Read the guidance on emergency exemption and temporary relaxation of drivers\u2019 hours and working time rules.

    ", + "

    Drivers\u2019 hours checklists

    ", + "

    You can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 checklists, which cover the basic rules:

    ", + "
  • Staying legal - the basics (HGV drivers)
    • ", + "
  • Staying legal - the basics (PSV drivers)
    • ", + "

    Rules for employers

    ", + "

    If you employ drivers or other mobile workers, you must:

    ", + "
  • keep drivers\u2019 hours records for at least one year
    • ", + "
  • make sure they are properly trained and understand the rules
    • ", + "
  • organise their time so that they can follow the rules
    • ", + "
  • check your drivers\u2019 hours records and data
    • ", + "
  • monitor your workers\u2019 working time
    • ", + "

    Mobile workers are:

    ", + "
  • drivers - including employed drivers, own-account drivers and agency drivers
    • ", + "
  • members of the vehicle crew, for example a second driver on a coach
    • ", + "
  • anyone else who is part of the travelling staff, for example a bus conductor, a drayman or a security guard aboard a vehicle carrying high-value goods
    • ", + "

    Goods vehicles

    ", + "

    The rules that apply to goods vehicles depend on the weight of your vehicle, the country you\u2019re driving in and what you\u2019re using the vehicle for.

    ", + "

    EU rules

    ", + "

    EU rules apply if the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is more than 3.5 tonnes and you\u2019re driving in any of the following:

    ", + "
  • the EU (including the UK)
    • ", + "
  • an European Economic Area (EEA) country
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "

    Some vehicles are exempt from EU rules when driven in the UK.

    ", + "

    AETR rules

    ", + "

    AETR (European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews Engaged in International Road Transport) rules apply if your vehicle will pass through an AETR country.

    ", + "

    GB domestic rules

    ", + "

    GB domestic rules apply if both the following are true:

    ", + "
  • the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is under 3.5 tonnes
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle is exempt from EU rules when driven in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ll be driving through a country outside of the UK, EU, EEA or Switzerland, you should contact the UK embassy of the country to check on local rules.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    Read Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.

    ", + "

    Read the rules for drivers\u2019 hours in the recovery vehicle industry.

    ", + "

    You can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 leaflet, which includes checklists covering the basic rules.

    ", + "

    There are specific rules for tachographs and horse boxes or trailers.

    ", + "

    Passenger-carrying vehicles

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re driving a vehicle that carries passengers the rules that apply to you depend on:

    ", + "
  • the number of passenger seats
    • ", + "
  • how far you\u2019re driving (the distance of your route)
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re driving to or from another country
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re driving on a regular or a non-regular service
    • ", + "

    A regular service follows a specified route, with stopping points for passengers to get on or off.

    ", + "

    Public service vehicles (PSV)

    ", + "

    A public service vehicle is a vehicle that\u2019s used to carry passengers for hire or payment.

    ", + "Type of operation | 8 or fewer passenger seats | 9 to 12 passenger seats | 13 to 16 passenger seats | 17 or more passenger seats", + "Regular service on route not exceeding 50km | GB domestic rules | GB domestic rules | GB Domestic rules | GB Domestic rules", + "National or international regular service on route exceeding 50km | The local rules of the countries you drive in (GB domestic rules in the UK) | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules", + "National or international non-regular service for example commercial excursions, tours or private hire | The local rules of the countries you drive in (GB domestic rules in the UK) | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules", + "

    Other passenger-carrying vehicles

    ", + "

    You do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules if you drive a police, fire service or armed forces vehicle.

    ", + "

    If you drive for a different public authority or for a business, and your vehicle is a non-PSV with:

    ", + "
  • up to 8 passenger seats - you do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules
    • ", + "
  • 9 or more passenger seats - you must follow the EU rules (unless your vehicle is exempt from EU law)
    • ", + "

    If you drive a \u2018non-commercial\u2019 vehicle

    ", + "

    You drive a non-commercial vehicle if:

    ", + "
  • passengers are not charged to use the vehicle
    • ", + "
  • you and any other workers are not paid to operate or work in the vehicle
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle is not used professionally or commercially
    • ", + "

    If your vehicle has up to 8 passenger seats, you do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has 9 or more passenger seats, you usually need to follow the EU rules. You need to follow GB rules instead if your vehicle has between 10 and 17 passenger seats and is only used for non-commercial journeys.

    ", + "

    If you use your vehicle outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you drive between the UK and another country and your vehicle has:

    ", + "
  • up to 8 passenger seats - you must follow the local rules for the country you\u2019re driving in
    • ", + "
  • 9 or more passenger seats - you must follow the EU or the European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport (AETR) rules
    • ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    Read Passenger vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.

    ", + "

    You can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 leaflet, which includes checklists covering the basic rules.

    ", + "

    Exemptions from EU law

    ", + "

    Some types of vehicle are exempt from EU rules. This means they come under GB domestic rules in the UK.

    ", + "

    The main types of exempt vehicle are:

    ", + "
  • vehicles that cannot go faster than 40 kilometres per hour, including vehicles that are restricted by a set speed limiter
    • ", + "
  • emergency aid vehicles - vehicles used in the non-commercial transport of humanitarian aid for use in emergencies or rescue operations
    • ", + "
  • breakdown vehicles - specialised breakdown vehicles working within a 100km of their base
    • ", + "
  • vehicles undergoing road tests for technical development, repair or maintenance purposes, and new or rebuilt vehicles which have not yet been put into service
    • ", + "
  • vehicles manufactured more than 25 years ago
    • ", + "
  • vehicles used by agricultural, horticultural, forestry, farming or fishery businesses for carrying goods within 100km of where the business is based
    • ", + "
  • vehicles that are used to carry live animals between a farm and a market, or from a market to a slaughterhouse where the distance is less than 100km
    • ", + "
  • vehicles that are used to carry animal waste or carcasses that are not intended for human consumption
    • ", + "
  • educational vehicles, for example play buses and mobile libraries
    • ", + "
  • vehicles or combinations of vehicles with a maximum permissible weight of 7.5 tonnes or less that are used for carrying work equipment for the driver where the distance is less than 100km
    • ", + "
  • vehicles driven only on islands whose area does not exceed 2,300 square kilometres
    • ", + "
  • vehicles with a maximum weight of 7.5 tonnes which use natural or liquefied gas or electricity as fuel and carry goods within 50km from their base
    • ", + "
  • driving instruction or exams - vehicles used for driving instruction and examination. Includes instruction for renewal of Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC)
    • ", + "
  • circus vehicles - specialised vehicles transporting circus and funfair equipment
    • ", + "
  • milk collection - vehicles used for collecting milk from farms or returning milk containers or milk products for animal feed to farms
    • ", + "
  • any vehicle that is propelled by steam
    • ", + "

    Read the full list of exempt vehicles.

    ", + "

    EU rules

    ", + "

    Driving hours

    ", + "

    The main EU rules on driving hours are that you must not drive more than:

    ", + "
  • 9 hours in a day - this can be extended to 10 hours twice a week
    • ", + "
  • 56 hours in a week
    • ", + "
  • 90 hours in any 2 consecutive weeks
    • ", + "

    All driving you do under EU rules must be recorded on a tachograph.

    ", + "

    Breaks and rest

    ", + "

    The main points of EU rules on breaks and rest are that you must take:

    ", + "
  • at least 11 hours rest every day - you can reduce this to 9 hours rest 3 times between any 2 weekly rest periods
    • ", + "
  • an unbroken rest period of 45 hours every week - you can reduce this to 24 hours every other week
    • ", + "
  • a break or breaks totalling at least 45 minutes after no more than 4 hours 30 minutes driving
    • ", + "
  • your weekly rest after 6 consecutive 24-hour periods of working, starting from the end of the last weekly rest period taken
    • ", + "

    Coach drivers on an international trip can take their weekly rest after 12 consecutive 24-hour periods, starting from the end of the last weekly rest period taken.

    ", + "

    For more details on rests and breaks read:

    ", + "
  • Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs
    • ", + "
  • Passenger vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs
    • ", + "

    AETR rules

    ", + "

    The European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport (AETR) rules are now the same as the EU rules on drivers\u2019 hours.

    ", + "

    The AETR rules cover all EU countries and:

    ", + "
  • Albania
    • ", + "
  • Andorra
    • ", + "
  • Armenia
    • ", + "
  • Azerbaijan
    • ", + "
  • Belarus
    • ", + "
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina
    • ", + "
  • Georgia
    • ", + "
  • Kazakhstan
    • ", + "
  • Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • Monaco
    • ", + "
  • Montenegro
    • ", + "
  • Moldova
    • ", + "
  • North Macedonia
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Russia
    • ", + "
  • San Marino
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Turkey
    • ", + "
  • Turkmenistan
    • ", + "
  • Ukraine
    • ", + "
  • United Kingdom
    • ", + "
  • Uzbekistan
    • ", + "

    GB domestic rules

    ", + "

    The GB domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules apply to most passenger-carrying vehicles and goods vehicles that do not have to follow the EU rules.

    ", + "

    GB domestic rules apply in Great Britain - there are separate rules in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Goods vehicles

    ", + "

    Duty time

    ", + "

    If you work as a driver for a company, duty time is any working time. If you\u2019re self-employed, duty time is only time you spend driving the vehicle or doing other work related to the vehicle or its load.

    ", + "

    Daily driving limit

    ", + "

    You must not drive for more than 10 hours in a day:

    ", + "
  • on a public road
    • ", + "
  • off-road if not during duty time
    • ", + "

    Off-road driving counts as duty time if it\u2019s for:

    ", + "
  • agriculture
    • ", + "
  • quarrying
    • ", + "
  • forestry
    • ", + "
  • building work
    • ", + "
  • civil engineering
    • ", + "

    Daily duty limit

    ", + "

    You must not be on duty for more than 11 hours in any working day. This limit does not apply on any working day when you do not drive.

    ", + "

    You must record your hours on a weekly record sheet or on a tachograph.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not need to follow the GB domestic rules if you:

    ", + "
  • are dealing with an emergency - for example, a major disruption to public services or danger to life
    • ", + "
  • are using the vehicle for private driving and not for work
    • ", + "
  • drive off-road or on private roads during duty time
    • ", + "
  • drive a vehicle used by the armed forces, police or fire brigade
    • ", + "

    Passenger-carrying vehicles

    ", + "

    Duty time

    ", + "

    If you work as a driver for a company, duty time is any working time. If you\u2019re self-employed, duty time is only time you spend driving the vehicle or doing other work related to the vehicle or its load.

    ", + "

    Daily driving limit

    ", + "

    You must not drive for more than 10 hours in any working day.

    ", + "

    Breaks and continuous driving

    ", + "

    After 5 hours 30 minutes of driving you must take a break of at least 30 minutes for rest and refreshment.

    ", + "

    Or, within any period of 8 hours 30 minutes, you must take at least 45 minutes in breaks. You must also have a break of at least 30 minutes at the end of this period, unless it\u2019s the end of the working day.

    ", + "

    Length of working day (\u2018spreadover\u2019)

    ", + "

    You must not work more than 16 hours between the times of starting and finishing work - including non-driving work and any times when you\u2019re off.

    ", + "

    Daily rest periods

    ", + "

    You must take a rest of 10 hours before the first duty and immediately after the last duty in a working week.

    ", + "

    You must take a rest of at least 10 hours between 2 working days (or spreadovers) - this can be reduced to 8.5 hours up to 3 times a week.

    ", + "

    Fortnightly rest periods

    ", + "

    Every 2 weeks you must take at least one period of 24 hours off duty.

    ", + "

    A fixed week is from 00:00 hours on Monday to 24:00 hours the next Sunday.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not need to follow the GB domestic rules if you:

    ", + "
  • are dealing with an emergency - for example, a major disruption to public services or danger to life
    • ", + "
  • drive for less than 4 hours a day in a week
    • ", + "

    If you drive for more than 4 hours for up to 2 days a week, you do not need to follow all of the rules. You need to:

    ", + "
  • follow the rules for daily driving limits and length of working day
    • ", + "
  • start and finish all of your duties within a 24-hour period
    • ", + "
  • take a rest of 10 hours before the first duty and immediately after the last duty
    • ", + "

    If you work overnight and the rules applied on the day your shift began, you must follow the rules for your entire shift - even if your shift finishes during a week in which you\u2019re exempt from the rules.

    ", + "

    Driving under both EU and GB domestic rules

    ", + "

    If you work partly under EU/AETR rules and partly under GB domestic rules during a day or a week you need to know the following:

    ", + "
  • driving under EU rules counts towards the driving and duty limits under GB domestic rules
    • ", + "
  • on any days you drive under EU rules you must take EU daily rest periods, as well as a weekly rest period
    • ", + "
  • you cannot count the time you spend driving under EU rules as an off-duty period under GB domestic rules
    • ", + "
  • driving and other duty under GB domestic rules count as \u2018attendance at work\u2019, not as a break or rest period under EU rules
    • ", + "

    Driving limits

    ", + "

    You must follow the GB domestic limit of a maximum of 10 hours driving a day. But at any time when you\u2019re actually driving under the EU rules you must follow all the rules on EU driving limits.

    ", + "

    Other duty limits

    ", + "

    You must follow the GB domestic limit of a maximum of:

    ", + "
  • 11 hours on duty if you drive a goods vehicle
    • ", + "
  • 16 hours on duty if you drive a passenger-carrying vehicle
    • ", + "

    Rest periods and breaks

    ", + "

    You must follow the EU rules on rest periods and breaks on days and weeks when you drive under EU rules.

    ", + "

    A fixed week is from 00:00 hours on Monday to 24:00 hours the next Sunday.

    ", + "

    Read Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.

    ", + "

    Read the rules for drivers\u2019 hours in the recovery vehicle industry.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/become-lorry-bus-driver": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-lorry-bus-driver", + "title": "Become a qualified lorry or bus driver", + "content": "## Getting qualified\n\nTo become a lorry, bus or coach driver you need to:\n\n- have a full car licence\n\n- be over 18 - but there are some exceptions\n\n- get a professional driving qualification called the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC)\n\n## Who needs the full Driver CPC\n\nYou must have the full Driver CPC if you drive a lorry, bus or coach as the main part of your job.\n\nYou usually need to pass 4 tests to get it, unless you have \u2018acquired rights\u2019 because of your existing driving experience.\n\n## Who does not need the full Driver CPC\n\nYou do not need the full Driver CPC if you:\n\n- do not want to drive for a living, for example you want to drive for a hobby or carry passengers or goods non-commercially for personal use\n\n- drive in certain other situations, such as taking your vehicle for a pre-booked annual test (MOT)\n\nYou still need to pass the part 1 (theory) and part 3 (driving ability) tests of the qualification.\n\n## How to get and keep the full Driver CPC\n\n- Apply for a provisional lorry or bus licence.\n\n- Pass the 4 tests that make up Driver CPC to qualify.\n\n- Take 35 hours of periodic training every 5 years to stay qualified.\n\nYou need to renew your bus or lorry licence every 5 years, and every year when you reach 65.\n\n## If you\u2019re taking an NVT course\n\nIf you\u2019re taking an approved National Vocational Training (NVT) course you can drive professionally for up to 12 months without taking the Driver CPC part 2 and part 4 tests.\n\n## Applying for a provisional lorry or bus licence\n\nThe category of provisional licence you need depends on the type of vehicle you want to drive.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply, order forms D2 and D4 from DVLA.\n\nThe D4 form has to be filled in by a doctor. This could be either:\n\n- your GP - but an optician might need to fill in the section about your eyesight\n\n- a private firm specialising in drivers\u2019 medical exams\n\nYour doctor, optician or a private firm can charge you.\n\nYou can only apply for a provisional trailer (+E) licence when you\u2019ve got the full licence for the vehicle you\u2019ll be driving.\n\n## Order the forms online\n\nOrder now\n\n## Send the forms\n\nSend both forms and your photocard driving licence to DVLA. There\u2019s no application fee.\n\nYou only need to include a passport-style colour photo and original identity documents if you have a paper driving licence.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou should get your driving licence within 3 weeks of DVLA getting your application. It can take longer if your health or personal details need to be checked.\n\nYou automatically lose your lorry or bus licence if you lose your car licence.\n\n## When you do not need the full Driver CPC\n\nYou do not need the full Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) qualification if you\u2019re using the vehicle for:\n\n- non-commercial carriage of passengers or goods\n\n- carrying material or equipment you use for your job, as long as driving is less than 30% of your rolling monthly working time\n\n- driving lessons for anyone who wants to get a driving licence or a Driver CPC\n\n- driving to or from pre-booked appointments at official vehicle testing centres\n\n- driving within 62 miles (100 kilometres) of your base - but the vehicle cannot be carrying passengers or goods, and driving a lorry, bus or coach cannot be your main job\n\n- maintaining public order - and the vehicle is being used or controlled by a local authority\n\n- rescue missions or in states of emergency\n\n- driving for an agriculture, horticulture, forestry, farming or fisheries business, as long as driving is less than 30% of your rolling monthly working time\n\nYou also do not need the full Driver CPC if the vehicle is:\n\n- limited to a top speed of 28mph\n\n- being used or controlled by the armed forces, police, fire and rescue service, emergency ambulance service, prison service or people running a prison or young offender institution\n\nYou can read detailed examples of Driver CPC exemptions.\n\nIf you are not sure if you need the Driver CPC, you should seek legal advice.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nIf you want to become a lorry, bus or coach driver in these situations you need to:\n\n- Apply for a provisional lorry or bus licence.\n\n- Pass the part 1 (theory) and part 3 (driving ability) tests.\n\nYou need to renew your bus or lorry licence every 5 years when you reach 45 and every year when you reach 65.\n\n## Driver CPC part 1 test: theory\n\nYou can book the part 1 theory test of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) as soon as you\u2019ve got your provisional licence.\n\nThe test is made up of 2 parts - multiple choice and hazard perception. You have to book both parts separately, but you can take them on the same day.\n\nIt does not matter which one you take first but you need to pass both within 2 years of each other to get your theory test certificate.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring one of the following:\n\n- a Great Britain photocard driving licence\n\n- a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart\n\n- an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)\n\nIf you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring the right documents.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must stay at home (self-isolate) if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## How the test works\n\n## Multiple-choice questions part\n\nYou can take a practice test to find out how the test works.\n\nThe multiple-choice questions part lasts for 1 hour and 55 minutes, and the pass mark is 85 out of 100 questions.\n\n## Hazard perception part\n\nWatch a video about how the hazard perception part works.\n\nYou\u2019ll watch 19 videos, and there are 20 developing hazards to spot.\n\nThe pass mark is 67 out of 100. You cannot review your answers.\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a letter at the test centre with the results for the part of the theory test you\u2019ve just taken.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve passed both parts, your theory test certificate will be posted to you. You need this when you book your Driver CPC part 3 driving test.\n\nYour theory test certificate is valid for 2 years from when you passed the first part of the test.\n\nYou need to pass the Driver CPC part 3 driving test within 2 years, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the part 1 theory test again.\n\n## If you fail the theory tests\n\nYou\u2019ll get a results letter with feedback telling you why you\u2019ve failed.\n\nYou can book another theory test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if the DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Driver CPC part 2 test: case studies\n\nYou can book the part 2 case studies test of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) as soon as you\u2019ve got your provisional licence. You do not need to have passed the Driver CPC part 1 theory test.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring one of the following:\n\n- a Great Britain photocard driving licence\n\n- a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart\n\n- an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)\n\nIf you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring the right documents.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must stay at home (self-isolate) if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## How the test works\n\nThe test is made up of 7 case studies you work through on a computer. The case studies are short stories based on situations that you\u2019re likely to come across in your working life.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked between 6 and 8 multiple-choice questions on each case study.\n\nThe test lasts for 1 hour and 15 minutes, and the pass mark is 40 out of 50.\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with the results at the test centre.\n\nYou need the test pass reference number when you book your Driver CPC part 4 practical demonstration test.\n\nThe pass letter is valid for 2 years.\n\nYou need to pass the Driver CPC part 4 practical demonstration test within 2 years, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the part 2 case studies test again.\n\n## If you fail the test\n\nYou\u2019ll get a result letter with feedback telling you why you\u2019ve failed.\n\nYou can book another case studies test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Driver CPC part 3 test: driving ability\n\nYou must have passed the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) part 1 theory test before you can book the Driver CPC part 3 test.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring a lorry or a bus or coach that meets the rules.\n\nYou must bring a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one.\n\nYou must also bring one of the following:\n\n- a Great Britain photocard driving licence\n\n- a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart\n\n- an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)\n\nIf you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring these.\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\nYour test will be cancelled if you come for your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not come for your driving test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## How the test works\n\nYour practical test will last about 1 hour and 30 minutes and includes:\n\n- vehicle safety questions\n\n- practical road driving\n\n- off-road exercises\n\n## Vehicle safety questions\n\nDuring your test you\u2019ll be asked vehicle safety questions on either:\n\n- lorries, buses and coaches\n\n- lorries, buses and coaches towing trailers\n\n## Practical road driving\n\nDuring your practical road driving, the examiner will see how you:\n\n- use the vehicle controls\n\n- move away at an angle, uphill and downhill\n\n- do a controlled stop\n\n- use the mirrors\n\n- give appropriate signals\n\n- show awareness and anticipation of other road users\u2019 intentions\n\n- manage your progress and control your vehicle speed\n\n- deal with hazards\n\n- select a safe place to stop\n\nThere will also be 10 minutes of independent driving, designed to test your ability to drive safely while making independent decisions.\n\n## Off-road exercises\n\nThe off-road exercises will include:\n\n- an \u2018S\u2019 shaped reverse into a bay\n\n- showing the uncoupling and recoupling procedure if you\u2019re taking a test with a trailer\n\n## During the test\n\nYou can carry on if you make a mistake during your driving test.\n\nIf you make a mistake which means you\u2019ve failed, your driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre. The test will end early.\n\n## Test result\n\nAfter you\u2019ve taken the practical test your examiner will tell you if you\u2019ve passed and explain how you did.\n\nYou\u2019ll pass your test if you make:\n\n- 15 or fewer driving faults\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults\n\nIf you fail, you can book another driving test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Driver CPC part 4 test: practical demonstration\n\nYou must have passed the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) part 2 test before you can book the Driver CPC part 4 test.\n\n## Book your test\n\nYou can either:\n\n- arrange a test with your trainer\n\n- book a test yourself\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring a lorry or a bus or coach that meets the rules.\n\nYou must bring a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one.\n\nYou must also bring one of the following:\n\n- a Great Britain photocard driving licence\n\n- a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart\n\n- an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)\n\nIf you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring these.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your driving test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\nYour test will be cancelled if you go to your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.\n\n## How the test works\n\nYou\u2019re tested on being able to:\n\n- load the vehicle following safety rules and to keep it secure\n\n- stop trafficking in illegal immigrants\n\n- assess emergency situations\n\n- reduce physical risks to yourself or others\n\n- do a walkaround vehicle safety check\n\nThe test is made up of 5 topics from the Driver CPC syllabus. You can score up to 20 points for each topic.\n\nTo pass you have to score at least 15 out of 20 in each topic area and have an overall score of at least 80 out of 100.\n\n## Test result\n\nAt the end of your test the examiner will tell you if you\u2019ve passed.\n\nIf you fail, you can book another driving test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## After you\u2019ve qualified\n\nAfter you\u2019ve passed all 4 of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) tests, you\u2019ll be sent a Driver CPC card. This is sometimes called a \u2018driver qualification card\u2019 or \u2018DQC\u2019.\n\nYou must carry your Driver CPC card while driving a lorry, bus or coach professionally. If you drive a heavy goods vehicle (HGV) outside the UK, check what documents you need to carry.\n\nYou can get a \u00a350 fixed penalty for driving professionally without your Driver CPC card.\n\n## Getting your Driver CPC card\n\nThe card will be sent to the address on your driving licence. You need to change this address first if it\u2019s wrong.\n\nThe photograph and signature on your photocard licence will be used on your Driver CPC card.\n\n## Waiting for your card\n\nYou can drive professionally if you\u2019ve passed all the tests and you\u2019re waiting for your Driver CPC card to arrive.\n\n## If your card does not arrive\n\nYou should get your Driver CPC card within 20 days of passing the final test. Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you do not receive it.\n\nYou have to pay \u00a325 if:\n\n- you take longer than 3 months to tell DVSA it has not arrived\n\n- it\u2019s sent to an old address because you have not updated your licence\n\n## Replace your card\n\nYou must replace your Driver CPC card if it\u2019s lost or stolen.\n\nThe Driver CPC card does not have your address on it, so you do not have to get a new one if your address changes.\n\n## Staying qualified\n\nEvery 5 years you must:\n\n- take 35 hours of Driver CPC training to keep driving professionally\n\n- renew your lorry or bus driving licence\n\nIf you\u2019re 65 or over you must renew your lorry or bus driving licence every year.\n\n## Fees\n\n## Provisional licence\n\n| | Cost |\n\n| Application for a provisional lorry or bus licence | No charge |\n\n## Test costs\n\n| | Weekday | Evening, weekend and bank holiday |\n\n| Driver CPC part 1 - theory - (multiple-choice) | \u00a326 | \u00a326 |\n\n| Driver CPC part 1 - theory - (hazard perception) | \u00a311 | \u00a311 |\n\n| Driver CPC part 2 - case studies | \u00a323 | \u00a323 |\n\n| Driver CPC part 3 - driving ability | \u00a3115 | \u00a3141 |\n\n| Driver CPC part 4 - practical demonstration | \u00a355 | \u00a363 |\n\nThese are the prices to book your tests using the official service. Unofficial websites may charge more.\n\n## Driver CPC card costs\n\n| | Cost |\n\n| Driver CPC card (non-UK driving licences only) | \u00a325 |\n\n| Replacement for lost, stolen or damaged card | \u00a325 |\n\n## NVT concession fees\n\n| | Cost |\n\n| National Vocational Training (NVT) concession card | \u00a325 |", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Getting qualified

    ", + "

    To become a lorry, bus or coach driver you need to:

    ", + "
  • have a full car licence
    • ", + "
  • be over 18 - but there are some exceptions
    • ", + "
  • get a professional driving qualification called the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC)
    • ", + "

    Who needs the full Driver CPC

    ", + "

    You must have the full Driver CPC if you drive a lorry, bus or coach as the main part of your job.

    ", + "

    You usually need to pass 4 tests to get it, unless you have \u2018acquired rights\u2019 because of your existing driving experience.

    ", + "

    Who does not need the full Driver CPC

    ", + "

    You do not need the full Driver CPC if you:

    ", + "
  • do not want to drive for a living, for example you want to drive for a hobby or carry passengers or goods non-commercially for personal use
    • ", + "
  • drive in certain other situations, such as taking your vehicle for a pre-booked annual test (MOT)
    • ", + "

    You still need to pass the part 1 (theory) and part 3 (driving ability) tests of the qualification.

    ", + "

    How to get and keep the full Driver CPC

    ", + "
  • Apply for a provisional lorry or bus licence.
    • ", + "
  • Pass the 4 tests that make up Driver CPC to qualify.
    • ", + "
  • Take 35 hours of periodic training every 5 years to stay qualified.
    • ", + "

    You need to renew your bus or lorry licence every 5 years, and every year when you reach 65.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking an NVT course

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking an approved National Vocational Training (NVT) course you can drive professionally for up to 12 months without taking the Driver CPC part 2 and part 4 tests.

    ", + "

    Applying for a provisional lorry or bus licence

    ", + "

    The category of provisional licence you need depends on the type of vehicle you want to drive.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To apply, order forms D2 and D4 from DVLA.

    ", + "

    The D4 form has to be filled in by a doctor. This could be either:

    ", + "
  • your GP - but an optician might need to fill in the section about your eyesight
    • ", + "
  • a private firm specialising in drivers\u2019 medical exams
    • ", + "

    Your doctor, optician or a private firm can charge you.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a provisional trailer (+E) licence when you\u2019ve got the full licence for the vehicle you\u2019ll be driving.

    ", + "

    Order the forms online

    ", + "

    Order now

    ", + "

    Send the forms

    ", + "

    Send both forms and your photocard driving licence to DVLA. There\u2019s no application fee.

    ", + "

    You only need to include a passport-style colour photo and original identity documents if you have a paper driving licence.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You should get your driving licence within 3 weeks of DVLA getting your application. It can take longer if your health or personal details need to be checked.

    ", + "

    You automatically lose your lorry or bus licence if you lose your car licence.

    ", + "

    When you do not need the full Driver CPC

    ", + "

    You do not need the full Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) qualification if you\u2019re using the vehicle for:

    ", + "
  • non-commercial carriage of passengers or goods
    • ", + "
  • carrying material or equipment you use for your job, as long as driving is less than 30% of your rolling monthly working time
    • ", + "
  • driving lessons for anyone who wants to get a driving licence or a Driver CPC
    • ", + "
  • driving to or from pre-booked appointments at official vehicle testing centres
    • ", + "
  • driving within 62 miles (100 kilometres) of your base - but the vehicle cannot be carrying passengers or goods, and driving a lorry, bus or coach cannot be your main job
    • ", + "
  • maintaining public order - and the vehicle is being used or controlled by a local authority
    • ", + "
  • rescue missions or in states of emergency
    • ", + "
  • driving for an agriculture, horticulture, forestry, farming or fisheries business, as long as driving is less than 30% of your rolling monthly working time
    • ", + "

    You also do not need the full Driver CPC if the vehicle is:

    ", + "
  • limited to a top speed of 28mph
    • ", + "
  • being used or controlled by the armed forces, police, fire and rescue service, emergency ambulance service, prison service or people running a prison or young offender institution
    • ", + "

    You can read detailed examples of Driver CPC exemptions.

    ", + "

    If you are not sure if you need the Driver CPC, you should seek legal advice.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    If you want to become a lorry, bus or coach driver in these situations you need to:

    ", + "
  • Apply for a provisional lorry or bus licence.
    • ", + "
  • Pass the part 1 (theory) and part 3 (driving ability) tests.
    • ", + "

    You need to renew your bus or lorry licence every 5 years when you reach 45 and every year when you reach 65.

    ", + "

    Driver CPC part 1 test: theory

    ", + "

    You can book the part 1 theory test of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) as soon as you\u2019ve got your provisional licence.

    ", + "

    The test is made up of 2 parts - multiple choice and hazard perception. You have to book both parts separately, but you can take them on the same day.

    ", + "

    It does not matter which one you take first but you need to pass both within 2 years of each other to get your theory test certificate.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a Great Britain photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart
    • ", + "
  • an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring the right documents.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering at your test

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    Wearing glasses does not count as a good reason.

    ", + "

    You need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must stay at home (self-isolate) if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Change your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions part

    ", + "

    You can take a practice test to find out how the test works.

    ", + "

    The multiple-choice questions part lasts for 1 hour and 55 minutes, and the pass mark is 85 out of 100 questions.

    ", + "

    Hazard perception part

    ", + "

    Watch a video about how the hazard perception part works.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll watch 19 videos, and there are 20 developing hazards to spot.

    ", + "

    The pass mark is 67 out of 100. You cannot review your answers.

    ", + "

    Your test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a letter at the test centre with the results for the part of the theory test you\u2019ve just taken.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve passed both parts, your theory test certificate will be posted to you. You need this when you book your Driver CPC part 3 driving test.

    ", + "

    Your theory test certificate is valid for 2 years from when you passed the first part of the test.

    ", + "

    You need to pass the Driver CPC part 3 driving test within 2 years, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the part 1 theory test again.

    ", + "

    If you fail the theory tests

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a results letter with feedback telling you why you\u2019ve failed.

    ", + "

    You can book another theory test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.

    ", + "

    Cancelled tests

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if the DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    ", + "

    Driver CPC part 2 test: case studies

    ", + "

    You can book the part 2 case studies test of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) as soon as you\u2019ve got your provisional licence. You do not need to have passed the Driver CPC part 1 theory test.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a Great Britain photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart
    • ", + "
  • an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring the right documents.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering at your test

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    Wearing glasses does not count as a good reason.

    ", + "

    You need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must stay at home (self-isolate) if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Change your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    The test is made up of 7 case studies you work through on a computer. The case studies are short stories based on situations that you\u2019re likely to come across in your working life.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked between 6 and 8 multiple-choice questions on each case study.

    ", + "

    The test lasts for 1 hour and 15 minutes, and the pass mark is 40 out of 50.

    ", + "

    Your test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter with the results at the test centre.

    ", + "

    You need the test pass reference number when you book your Driver CPC part 4 practical demonstration test.

    ", + "

    The pass letter is valid for 2 years.

    ", + "

    You need to pass the Driver CPC part 4 practical demonstration test within 2 years, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the part 2 case studies test again.

    ", + "

    If you fail the test

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a result letter with feedback telling you why you\u2019ve failed.

    ", + "

    You can book another case studies test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.

    ", + "

    Cancelled tests

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    ", + "

    Driver CPC part 3 test: driving ability

    ", + "

    You must have passed the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) part 1 theory test before you can book the Driver CPC part 3 test.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring a lorry or a bus or coach that meets the rules.

    ", + "

    You must bring a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one.

    ", + "

    You must also bring one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a Great Britain photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart
    • ", + "
  • an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring these.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:

    ", + "
  • having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    You need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.

    ", + "

    You can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled if you come for your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not come for your driving test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    Your practical test will last about 1 hour and 30 minutes and includes:

    ", + "
  • vehicle safety questions
    • ", + "
  • practical road driving
    • ", + "
  • off-road exercises
    • ", + "

    Vehicle safety questions

    ", + "

    During your test you\u2019ll be asked vehicle safety questions on either:

    ", + "
  • lorries, buses and coaches
    • ", + "
  • lorries, buses and coaches towing trailers
    • ", + "

    Practical road driving

    ", + "

    During your practical road driving, the examiner will see how you:

    ", + "
  • use the vehicle controls
    • ", + "
  • move away at an angle, uphill and downhill
    • ", + "
  • do a controlled stop
    • ", + "
  • use the mirrors
    • ", + "
  • give appropriate signals
    • ", + "
  • show awareness and anticipation of other road users\u2019 intentions
    • ", + "
  • manage your progress and control your vehicle speed
    • ", + "
  • deal with hazards
    • ", + "
  • select a safe place to stop
    • ", + "

    There will also be 10 minutes of independent driving, designed to test your ability to drive safely while making independent decisions.

    ", + "

    Off-road exercises

    ", + "

    The off-road exercises will include:

    ", + "
  • an \u2018S\u2019 shaped reverse into a bay
    • ", + "
  • showing the uncoupling and recoupling procedure if you\u2019re taking a test with a trailer
    • ", + "

    During the test

    ", + "

    You can carry on if you make a mistake during your driving test.

    ", + "

    If you make a mistake which means you\u2019ve failed, your driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre. The test will end early.

    ", + "

    Test result

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve taken the practical test your examiner will tell you if you\u2019ve passed and explain how you did.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pass your test if you make:

    ", + "
  • 15 or fewer driving faults
    • ", + "
  • no serious or dangerous faults
    • ", + "

    If you fail, you can book another driving test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.

    ", + "

    Cancelled tests

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    ", + "

    Driver CPC part 4 test: practical demonstration

    ", + "

    You must have passed the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) part 2 test before you can book the Driver CPC part 4 test.

    ", + "

    Book your test

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • arrange a test with your trainer
    • ", + "
  • book a test yourself
    • ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring a lorry or a bus or coach that meets the rules.

    ", + "

    You must bring a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one.

    ", + "

    You must also bring one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a Great Britain photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart
    • ", + "
  • an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring these.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not go to your driving test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:

    ", + "
  • having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    You need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.

    ", + "

    You can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled if you go to your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.

    ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    You\u2019re tested on being able to:

    ", + "
  • load the vehicle following safety rules and to keep it secure
    • ", + "
  • stop trafficking in illegal immigrants
    • ", + "
  • assess emergency situations
    • ", + "
  • reduce physical risks to yourself or others
    • ", + "
  • do a walkaround vehicle safety check
    • ", + "

    The test is made up of 5 topics from the Driver CPC syllabus. You can score up to 20 points for each topic.

    ", + "

    To pass you have to score at least 15 out of 20 in each topic area and have an overall score of at least 80 out of 100.

    ", + "

    Test result

    ", + "

    At the end of your test the examiner will tell you if you\u2019ve passed.

    ", + "

    If you fail, you can book another driving test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.

    ", + "

    Cancelled tests

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve qualified

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve passed all 4 of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) tests, you\u2019ll be sent a Driver CPC card. This is sometimes called a \u2018driver qualification card\u2019 or \u2018DQC\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must carry your Driver CPC card while driving a lorry, bus or coach professionally. If you drive a heavy goods vehicle (HGV) outside the UK, check what documents you need to carry.

    ", + "

    You can get a \u00a350 fixed penalty for driving professionally without your Driver CPC card.

    ", + "

    Getting your Driver CPC card

    ", + "

    The card will be sent to the address on your driving licence. You need to change this address first if it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    The photograph and signature on your photocard licence will be used on your Driver CPC card.

    ", + "

    Waiting for your card

    ", + "

    You can drive professionally if you\u2019ve passed all the tests and you\u2019re waiting for your Driver CPC card to arrive.

    ", + "

    If your card does not arrive

    ", + "

    You should get your Driver CPC card within 20 days of passing the final test. Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you do not receive it.

    ", + "

    You have to pay \u00a325 if:

    ", + "
  • you take longer than 3 months to tell DVSA it has not arrived
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s sent to an old address because you have not updated your licence
    • ", + "

    Replace your card

    ", + "

    You must replace your Driver CPC card if it\u2019s lost or stolen.

    ", + "

    The Driver CPC card does not have your address on it, so you do not have to get a new one if your address changes.

    ", + "

    Staying qualified

    ", + "

    Every 5 years you must:

    ", + "
  • take 35 hours of Driver CPC training to keep driving professionally
    • ", + "
  • renew your lorry or bus driving licence
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re 65 or over you must renew your lorry or bus driving licence every year.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Provisional licence

    ", + " | Cost", + "Application for a provisional lorry or bus licence | No charge", + "

    Test costs

    ", + " | Weekday | Evening, weekend and bank holiday", + "Driver CPC part 1 - theory - (multiple-choice) | \u00a326 | \u00a326", + "Driver CPC part 1 - theory - (hazard perception) | \u00a311 | \u00a311", + "Driver CPC part 2 - case studies | \u00a323 | \u00a323", + "Driver CPC part 3 - driving ability | \u00a3115 | \u00a3141", + "Driver CPC part 4 - practical demonstration | \u00a355 | \u00a363", + "

    These are the prices to book your tests using the official service. Unofficial websites may charge more.

    ", + "

    Driver CPC card costs

    ", + " | Cost", + "Driver CPC card (non-UK driving licences only) | \u00a325", + "Replacement for lost, stolen or damaged card | \u00a325", + "

    NVT concession fees

    ", + " | Cost", + "National Vocational Training (NVT) concession card | \u00a325" + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/driver-cpc-training": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driver-cpc-training", + "title": "Driver CPC training for qualified drivers", + "content": "## How much training you need to do\n\nYou must do 35 hours of periodic training every 5 years to keep your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) to drive a lorry, bus or coach.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving professionally without Driver CPC.\n\nYou can check how many hours of training you\u2019ve done in the current 5-year period.\n\nYou only need to complete one set of training every 5 years if you drive both lorries and buses professionally.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou have to do the training in the country where you work or normally live.\n\n## When to take training\n\nYour Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) qualification lasts for 5 years. To keep your Driver CPC you need to do 35 hours of training before your 5-year deadline.\n\nThe deadline to do your training is shown on your card.\n\nIt\u2019s up to you when you take the training courses, as long as you do them within the 5-year period.\n\n## If you miss your training deadline\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to drive professionally if you have not done your training by your deadline.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving professionally without Driver CPC.\n\n## Drivers with \u2018acquired rights\u2019\n\nHaving \u2018acquired rights\u2019 means that you did not have to take the Driver CPC initial qualification because of your existing driving experience.\n\nYou have acquired rights if you got your vocational licence before the dates shown in the table.\n\n| | Vehicle categories included | When you got your vocational licence |\n\n| Lorry | C, C1, C+E and C1+E | Before 10 September 2009 |\n\n| Bus or coach | D, D1, D+E, D1+E | Before 10 September 2008 |\n\n| Bus or coach (not for hire or reward) | D(101) | After 1991 |\n\n| Minibus (not for hire or reward) | D1(101) | Before 1997 |\n\n## Training deadlines for drivers with acquired rights\n\nYou still need to take periodic training, but there are set deadlines.\n\n| | Lorry driver | Bus or coach driver | Dual-category driver (lorry, bus and coach) |\n\n| First block of training | 9 September 2014 | 9 September 2013 | 9 September 2013 |\n\n| Second block of training | 9 September 2019 | 9 September 2018 | 9 September 2019 |\n\n| Third block of training | 9 September 2024 | 9 September 2023 | 9 September 2024 |\n\n## If you did not do your first block of training\n\nYou can finish your training or take extra tests if you have acquired rights and did not finish your first block of training by the deadline.\n\n## Finding training courses\n\nAll approved Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) courses count towards periodic training. Different courses cover different parts of the Driver CPC syllabus.\n\nFind CPC courses to attend.\n\nThe minimum length of a training course is 7 hours. It can be taken over 2 consecutive days and can include up to 2 hours of online training before you start.\n\n## Taking a non-Driver CPC course\n\nSome non-Driver CPC courses count towards your 35 hours. For example, you can take up to 14 hours of training for transport-related EU Directives, such as ADR (transporting dangerous goods).\n\nContact DVSA if you want to check whether a course counts towards your training.\n\n## Taking the same course more than once\n\nYou can only take the same course more than once in each 5-year period if you have a good reason to repeat it - for example, maintaining a dangerous goods qualification.\n\nIf you do not have a good reason, DVSA can cancel the hours you got from the course. You might lose your Driver CPC card if cancelling the hours takes your total back under 35 hours.\n\n## Repeating a non-Driver CPC course\n\nYou cannot repeat non-Driver CPC courses during your training period.\n\nThe only exception is training in ADR. You can take 2 7-hour ADR courses during the 5-year training period. If you do this, you cannot count any other non-Driver CPC courses towards your training.\n\n## Driver CPC course costs\n\nTraining providers set their own prices for courses - there\u2019s no maximum price.\n\n## Taking a training course\n\nYou must take one of these to your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) training course:\n\n- a photocard driving licence\n\n- a valid passport\n\n- a digital tachograph card\n\n- a Driver CPC card\n\nYou\u2019re required to attend courses, but there are no tests or exams to pass at the end of them. Instead, you\u2019ll get a certificate of attendance. It belongs to you - your employer is not allowed to keep it.\n\n## Your Driver CPC training record\n\nThe training centre will put your training on your Driver CPC training record.\n\nContact the centre where you did your training if it is not showing on your record 5 days after the course.\n\n## If you took a non-Driver CPC course\n\nIf you took a non-Driver CPC course, the provider will not upload your records. Email DVSA with the details. Include:\n\n- your name\n\n- your driving licence number\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your address\n\n- the date you completed the training\n\n- proof you completed the training - for example, a copy of a training certificate\n\n## Problems with a training course\n\nYou can email the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you think the training provided was not to the right standard, for example the course did not last as long as it should have.\n\n## Getting your Driver CPC card\n\nYou\u2019ll get your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) card when you\u2019ve done 35 hours of periodic training. The card is sometimes called a \u2018driver qualification card\u2019 or \u2018DQC\u2019.\n\nYou must carry this card while driving a lorry, bus or coach professionally.\n\nYou can get a \u00a350 fixed penalty for driving professionally without your card.\n\nYou must replace your card if it\u2019s lost or stolen.\n\n## When you\u2019ll be sent your card\n\nYou\u2019ll get your new Driver CPC card straight away if you complete your training in the 12 months before your deadline.\n\n## If you complete your training more than a year early\n\nYou will not get your new Driver CPC card until nearer the time your current card expires.\n\nYou can check when you\u2019ll get your new card.\n\n## How the card is sent to you\n\nYour Driver CPC card will be sent automatically to the address on your driving licence. You need to change this address first if it\u2019s wrong.\n\nYou only need to apply for your card if you did some of your periodic training in an EU country.\n\nThe Driver CPC card does not have your address on it, so you do not have to get a new one if your address changes.\n\nThe photo and signature on your photocard driving licence will be used on your Driver CPC card.\n\n## Waiting for your card\n\nYou can still drive professionally while waiting for your card if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve done your periodic training\n\n- your training provider has recorded the training (they must do this within 5 working days of the training ending)\n\n## If your card does not arrive\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you do not receive your new card within 20 days of the date you\u2019re due to get it.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay \u00a325 if:\n\n- you take longer than 3 months to tell DVSA it has not arrived\n\n- it\u2019s sent to an old address because you have not updated your licence\n\n## If you miss your training deadline\n\nIf you miss your deadline, you cannot drive professionally until you\u2019ve finished your training.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving professionally without Driver CPC.\n\nYour next deadline will be set for 5 years after the date you finish your training.\n\n## How long training counts for\n\nAny training you\u2019ve already done counts for 5 years from the date you took the course. You do not lose it because you\u2019ve passed your deadline.\n\nThe training will not count towards the 35 hours total if you took it more than 5 years ago.\n\n## If you have acquired rights\n\nIf you have acquired rights you can either:\n\n- complete 35 hours of Driver CPC periodic training by finding and taking training courses\n\n- take and pass the Driver CPC part 2 (case studies) and part 4 (practical demonstration) tests\n\nYou can only choose the test option once. After that, you must take periodic training to keep your qualification in the future.\n\n## Booking the tests\n\nYou have to book the tests by phone - you cannot book online.\n\n## Training in EU countries and Switzerland\n\nYou need to apply for your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) card in writing if you:\n\n- have a UK or Great Britain (GB) driving licence\n\n- took some of your periodic training in an EU country or Switzerland\n\n- did the final 7 hours of your periodic training in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n## What you need to send\n\nYou need to include:\n\n- your driving licence number\n\n- your name and address\n\n- your phone number\n\n- your training certificates from an EU country or Switzerland\n\n- a \u00a325 fee to add training taken abroad to your Driver CPC card\n\nYou must include the original documents - photocopies are not accepted.\n\n## Where to send the documents\n\nSend all the documents to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you live in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Documents that are not in English\n\nYou need to send documents with an English translation on headed paper from an educational organisation or embassy.\n\n## How to pay your fee\n\nYou can either:\n\n- pay over the phone using a credit or debit card - DVSA will phone you to take the payment\n\n- pay by cheque or postal order - send your payment to DVSA with your documents\n\n## If you have a licence from another country\n\nIf you have a licence from another country, there are 2 ways to get a Great Britain (GB) Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) card. You should either:\n\n- complete your periodic training in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- exchange your driver\u2019s licence for a GB licence - you must have a code 95 entitlement on your non-GB licence to do this\n\n## Complete your training in England, Scotland or Wales\n\nYou can get a GB Driver CPC card if you\u2019ve done the final 7 hours of your periodic training in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nYou must also live or work in England, Scotland or Wales and have a driving licence from any of these countries:\n\n- an EU country\n\n- Gibraltar\n\n- Guernsey\n\n- Iceland\n\n- Isle of Man\n\n- Jersey\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Norway\n\n- Switzerland\n\nTo apply for a GB Driver CPC card, send an email to the Driving and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) asking for form DQC1.\n\nIf you live in Northern Ireland, contact the Driver and Vehicle Agency (DVA).\n\n## Exchange your driving licence for a GB licence\n\nIf you have a code 95 entitlement on your licence, you can get a GB Driver CPC card by exchanging your licence for a GB licence.\n\nYour Driver CPC qualification will still last until the date it was due to run out when you first got it.\n\nWhen you exchange your licence, the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) will tell DVSA for you.\n\n## If you already have an EU Driver CPC card\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send your EU Driver CPC card to DVSA if you want to exchange it for a GB Driver CPC card. Send it with a short letter which includes your:\n\n- driving licence number\n\n- name and address\n\n- phone number\n\nDVSA will send you a new Driver CPC card with the same number as your driving licence.\n\nFrom then on, after doing 35 hours of periodic training in England, Scotland or Wales, you\u2019ll get your Driver CPC qualification for 5 years.\n\nIf you live in Northern Ireland, contact DVA.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How much training you need to do

    ", + "

    You must do 35 hours of periodic training every 5 years to keep your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) to drive a lorry, bus or coach.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving professionally without Driver CPC.

    ", + "

    You can check how many hours of training you\u2019ve done in the current 5-year period.

    ", + "

    You only need to complete one set of training every 5 years if you drive both lorries and buses professionally.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You have to do the training in the country where you work or normally live.

    ", + "

    When to take training

    ", + "

    Your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) qualification lasts for 5 years. To keep your Driver CPC you need to do 35 hours of training before your 5-year deadline.

    ", + "

    The deadline to do your training is shown on your card.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to you when you take the training courses, as long as you do them within the 5-year period.

    ", + "

    If you miss your training deadline

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to drive professionally if you have not done your training by your deadline.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving professionally without Driver CPC.

    ", + "

    Drivers with \u2018acquired rights\u2019

    ", + "

    Having \u2018acquired rights\u2019 means that you did not have to take the Driver CPC initial qualification because of your existing driving experience.

    ", + "

    You have acquired rights if you got your vocational licence before the dates shown in the table.

    ", + " | Vehicle categories included | When you got your vocational licence", + "Lorry | C, C1, C+E and C1+E | Before 10 September 2009", + "Bus or coach | D, D1, D+E, D1+E | Before 10 September 2008", + "Bus or coach (not for hire or reward) | D(101) | After 1991", + "Minibus (not for hire or reward) | D1(101) | Before 1997", + "

    Training deadlines for drivers with acquired rights

    ", + "

    You still need to take periodic training, but there are set deadlines.

    ", + " | Lorry driver | Bus or coach driver | Dual-category driver (lorry, bus and coach)", + "First block of training | 9 September 2014 | 9 September 2013 | 9 September 2013", + "Second block of training | 9 September 2019 | 9 September 2018 | 9 September 2019", + "Third block of training | 9 September 2024 | 9 September 2023 | 9 September 2024", + "

    If you did not do your first block of training

    ", + "

    You can finish your training or take extra tests if you have acquired rights and did not finish your first block of training by the deadline.

    ", + "

    Finding training courses

    ", + "

    All approved Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) courses count towards periodic training. Different courses cover different parts of the Driver CPC syllabus.

    ", + "

    Find CPC courses to attend.

    ", + "

    The minimum length of a training course is 7 hours. It can be taken over 2 consecutive days and can include up to 2 hours of online training before you start.

    ", + "

    Taking a non-Driver CPC course

    ", + "

    Some non-Driver CPC courses count towards your 35 hours. For example, you can take up to 14 hours of training for transport-related EU Directives, such as ADR (transporting dangerous goods).

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA if you want to check whether a course counts towards your training.

    ", + "

    Taking the same course more than once

    ", + "

    You can only take the same course more than once in each 5-year period if you have a good reason to repeat it - for example, maintaining a dangerous goods qualification.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a good reason, DVSA can cancel the hours you got from the course. You might lose your Driver CPC card if cancelling the hours takes your total back under 35 hours.

    ", + "

    Repeating a non-Driver CPC course

    ", + "

    You cannot repeat non-Driver CPC courses during your training period.

    ", + "

    The only exception is training in ADR. You can take 2 7-hour ADR courses during the 5-year training period. If you do this, you cannot count any other non-Driver CPC courses towards your training.

    ", + "

    Driver CPC course costs

    ", + "

    Training providers set their own prices for courses - there\u2019s no maximum price.

    ", + "

    Taking a training course

    ", + "

    You must take one of these to your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) training course:

    ", + "
  • a photocard driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport
    • ", + "
  • a digital tachograph card
    • ", + "
  • a Driver CPC card
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re required to attend courses, but there are no tests or exams to pass at the end of them. Instead, you\u2019ll get a certificate of attendance. It belongs to you - your employer is not allowed to keep it.

    ", + "

    Your Driver CPC training record

    ", + "

    The training centre will put your training on your Driver CPC training record.

    ", + "

    Contact the centre where you did your training if it is not showing on your record 5 days after the course.

    ", + "

    If you took a non-Driver CPC course

    ", + "

    If you took a non-Driver CPC course, the provider will not upload your records. Email DVSA with the details. Include:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your driving licence number
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your address
    • ", + "
  • the date you completed the training
    • ", + "
  • proof you completed the training - for example, a copy of a training certificate
    • ", + "

    Problems with a training course

    ", + "

    You can email the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you think the training provided was not to the right standard, for example the course did not last as long as it should have.

    ", + "

    Getting your Driver CPC card

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) card when you\u2019ve done 35 hours of periodic training. The card is sometimes called a \u2018driver qualification card\u2019 or \u2018DQC\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must carry this card while driving a lorry, bus or coach professionally.

    ", + "

    You can get a \u00a350 fixed penalty for driving professionally without your card.

    ", + "

    You must replace your card if it\u2019s lost or stolen.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll be sent your card

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your new Driver CPC card straight away if you complete your training in the 12 months before your deadline.

    ", + "

    If you complete your training more than a year early

    ", + "

    You will not get your new Driver CPC card until nearer the time your current card expires.

    ", + "

    You can check when you\u2019ll get your new card.

    ", + "

    How the card is sent to you

    ", + "

    Your Driver CPC card will be sent automatically to the address on your driving licence. You need to change this address first if it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    You only need to apply for your card if you did some of your periodic training in an EU country.

    ", + "

    The Driver CPC card does not have your address on it, so you do not have to get a new one if your address changes.

    ", + "

    The photo and signature on your photocard driving licence will be used on your Driver CPC card.

    ", + "

    Waiting for your card

    ", + "

    You can still drive professionally while waiting for your card if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve done your periodic training
    • ", + "
  • your training provider has recorded the training (they must do this within 5 working days of the training ending)
    • ", + "

    If your card does not arrive

    ", + "

    Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you do not receive your new card within 20 days of the date you\u2019re due to get it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay \u00a325 if:

    ", + "
  • you take longer than 3 months to tell DVSA it has not arrived
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s sent to an old address because you have not updated your licence
    • ", + "

    If you miss your training deadline

    ", + "

    If you miss your deadline, you cannot drive professionally until you\u2019ve finished your training.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving professionally without Driver CPC.

    ", + "

    Your next deadline will be set for 5 years after the date you finish your training.

    ", + "

    How long training counts for

    ", + "

    Any training you\u2019ve already done counts for 5 years from the date you took the course. You do not lose it because you\u2019ve passed your deadline.

    ", + "

    The training will not count towards the 35 hours total if you took it more than 5 years ago.

    ", + "

    If you have acquired rights

    ", + "

    If you have acquired rights you can either:

    ", + "
  • complete 35 hours of Driver CPC periodic training by finding and taking training courses
    • ", + "
  • take and pass the Driver CPC part 2 (case studies) and part 4 (practical demonstration) tests
    • ", + "

    You can only choose the test option once. After that, you must take periodic training to keep your qualification in the future.

    ", + "

    Booking the tests

    ", + "

    You have to book the tests by phone - you cannot book online.

    ", + "

    Training in EU countries and Switzerland

    ", + "

    You need to apply for your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) card in writing if you:

    ", + "
  • have a UK or Great Britain (GB) driving licence
    • ", + "
  • took some of your periodic training in an EU country or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • did the final 7 hours of your periodic training in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "

    What you need to send

    ", + "

    You need to include:

    ", + "
  • your driving licence number
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your phone number
    • ", + "
  • your training certificates from an EU country or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • a \u00a325 fee to add training taken abroad to your Driver CPC card
    • ", + "

    You must include the original documents - photocopies are not accepted.

    ", + "

    Where to send the documents

    ", + "

    Send all the documents to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you live in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Documents that are not in English

    ", + "

    You need to send documents with an English translation on headed paper from an educational organisation or embassy.

    ", + "

    How to pay your fee

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • pay over the phone using a credit or debit card - DVSA will phone you to take the payment
    • ", + "
  • pay by cheque or postal order - send your payment to DVSA with your documents
    • ", + "

    If you have a licence from another country

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from another country, there are 2 ways to get a Great Britain (GB) Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) card. You should either:

    ", + "
  • complete your periodic training in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • exchange your driver\u2019s licence for a GB licence - you must have a code 95 entitlement on your non-GB licence to do this
    • ", + "

    Complete your training in England, Scotland or Wales

    ", + "

    You can get a GB Driver CPC card if you\u2019ve done the final 7 hours of your periodic training in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    You must also live or work in England, Scotland or Wales and have a driving licence from any of these countries:

    ", + "
  • an EU country
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • Guernsey
    • ", + "
  • Iceland
    • ", + "
  • Isle of Man
    • ", + "
  • Jersey
    • ", + "
  • Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "

    To apply for a GB Driver CPC card, send an email to the Driving and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) asking for form DQC1.

    ", + "

    If you live in Northern Ireland, contact the Driver and Vehicle Agency (DVA).

    ", + "

    Exchange your driving licence for a GB licence

    ", + "

    If you have a code 95 entitlement on your licence, you can get a GB Driver CPC card by exchanging your licence for a GB licence.

    ", + "

    Your Driver CPC qualification will still last until the date it was due to run out when you first got it.

    ", + "

    When you exchange your licence, the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA) will tell DVSA for you.

    ", + "

    If you already have an EU Driver CPC card

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send your EU Driver CPC card to DVSA if you want to exchange it for a GB Driver CPC card. Send it with a short letter which includes your:

    ", + "
  • driving licence number
    • ", + "
  • name and address
    • ", + "
  • phone number
    • ", + "

    DVSA will send you a new Driver CPC card with the same number as your driving licence.

    ", + "

    From then on, after doing 35 hours of periodic training in England, Scotland or Wales, you\u2019ll get your Driver CPC qualification for 5 years.

    ", + "

    If you live in Northern Ireland, contact DVA.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/roadside-vehicle-checks-for-commercial-drivers": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/roadside-vehicle-checks-for-commercial-drivers", + "title": "Roadside vehicle checks for commercial drivers", + "content": "## Checks on your vehicle\n\nAs a commercial driver, you might be asked to stop by the police or a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) officer. They can stop vans, lorries, buses and coaches.\n\nThe police and DVSA have the power to carry out spot checks on your vehicle and issue prohibitions if necessary. A prohibition prevents you from driving until you get a problem with your vehicle fixed.\n\nPolice and DVSA officers can also issue fixed penalties if you commit an offence. Some of these are graduated depending on the circumstances and seriousness of the offence.\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your vehicle is roadworthy.\n\n## How to recognise a DVSA officer\n\nDVSA officers wear yellow visibility jackets with either the VOSA or DVSA logo, and they\u2019ll always carry a DVSA warrant card.\n\nTheir vehicles are marked with a black and yellow print on the side and either a VOSA or DVSA logo on the bonnet.\n\n## What happens when you\u2019re stopped\n\nThe checks are carried out either at the roadside or at dedicated testing sites. The checks are used to keep unsafe vehicles off the road.\n\nThe officer checks that the vehicle is not breaking any rules and regulations. This includes:\n\n- checking authorised load weights and type of load permitted\n\n- checking vehicles for roadworthiness and mechanical faults\n\n- looking at your tachograph records\n\n- making sure you have a valid occupational driving licence\n\nYour vehicle could be impounded if you commit a series of serious offences.\n\nForeign-registered vehicles are subject to the same rules as vehicles registered in the UK.\n\nIf you\u2019re carrying a high-value load you can keep your engine running, doors locked and windows closed until you\u2019re sure you\u2019ve been stopped by a genuine police or DVSA officer.\n\n## If you do not stop\n\nNot stopping when asked to by a uniformed officer is an offence. The incident will be officially recorded and you\u2019ll be interviewed later on.\n\nYou may then face court action or be reported to the Traffic Commissioner, who may remove or suspend your operator\u2019s licence.\n\n## Making sure your vehicle is roadworthy\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for maintaining the roadworthiness of your vehicle. This will help avoid problems with vehicle checks.\n\n## Driver responsibilities\n\nYou must ensure your vehicle is safe to drive before setting off on a journey. You should carry out a walkaround check of the vehicle before your journey and check the:\n\n- lights\n\n- tyres\n\n- wheel fixings\n\n- bodywork\n\n- trailer coupling\n\n- load and other equipment\n\nDownload guidance for walkaround checks for public service vehicle (PSV) and heavy goods vehicle (HGV) drivers.\n\nYou\u2019re also responsible for reporting any defects in writing to whoever\u2019s in charge of sorting out vehicle defects in your organisation. Reports should include the:\n\n- vehicle registration or identification mark\n\n- date of inspection\n\n- details of the defects\n\n- name of the person reporting the defects\n\n## Operator responsibilities\n\nYou must carry out safety inspections before you use a vehicle for the first time - even if you\u2019re just leasing, hiring or borrowing the vehicle.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- make sure there are regular safety inspections\n\n- give drivers clear written instructions of their responsibilities so they understand what they should do\n\n- have a system to ensure that non-roadworthy vehicles are taken out of service\n\nSafety inspections must be carried out by trained inspectors with a good knowledge of the appropriate Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) inspection manuals.\n\n## Roadside prohibitions\n\nYou could be given a prohibition by a police officer or an officer from the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). You could either get an immediate or delayed prohibition, depending on how dangerous your vehicle is before the faults are fixed.\n\n## Immediate prohibition\n\nIt\u2019s likely your vehicle will be immobilised and you will not be able to drive it if you get a prohibition that comes into effect immediately. You could also be prosecuted.\n\n## Delayed prohibition\n\nIf you get a prohibition with a delayed effect, you\u2019ll be able to drive your vehicle away and the operator will have up to 10 days to get it fixed. It will then need to be reinspected and the prohibition removed before it can be used on the road again.\n\n## Types of prohibition\n\nMake sure you give the prohibition notice to the vehicle operator and owner. They\u2019ll find details of how to clear it on the back.\n\n## Overload prohibition notice\n\nIf your vehicle is overloaded then you will be issued with an immediate prohibition notice and your vehicle may be immobilised. Examiners can also direct the vehicle to somewhere nearby, where the load can be redistributed or removed.\n\nA copy of the notice is sent to the owner or operator of the vehicle.\n\n## Roadworthiness prohibition (PG9)\n\nThis is given for mechanical problems or for the condition of a vehicle\u2019s bodywork and equipment. It could have an immediate or delayed effect depending on how severe the defect is.\n\nDVSA has published a list of defects explaining whether immediate or delayed prohibitions are issued.\n\n## \u2018S\u2019 marked roadworthiness prohibition\n\nThis is given when the examiner believes a severe defect is due to significant breakdown in the vehicle\u2019s maintenance procedures.\n\nYou would not get this type of prohibition for defects you cannot have known about before your journey, eg:\n\n- a problem that could have occurred during the journey\n\n- a problem you could not reasonably have been expected to have noticed (for example an underside defect)\n\nYou could get an \u2018S\u2019 marked prohibition if the examiner believes there\u2019s been a significant breakdown in the maintenance procedures agreed as part of the operator\u2019s licence.\n\nThe prohibition can start immediately and you or the operator could be prosecuted. DVSA will follow up with an assessment of the operator\u2019s maintenance procedures.\n\n## Variation of roadworthiness prohibition\n\nYou could get this if an immediate problem with your vehicle has been temporarily or permanently fixed at the roadside but others remain.\n\nIt means you can return to your operating centre or garage to permanently repair the initial problem and other faults.\n\nYou might get a different type of prohibition notice.\n\n## Drivers\u2019 hours prohibition\n\nYou get this if you have not followed the rules for drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a fine - but you could also be prosecuted or have your vehicle immobilised.\n\n## Hazchem prohibition\n\nThis is given when a problem with carrying dangerous goods is found. Fixing the problem is usually enough to get the prohibition lifted.\n\n## If you disagree with the prohibition\n\nYou can complain to the local police force or DVSA office that gave you the prohibition. Call DVSA if you need their contact details.\n\nDo not get your vehicle repaired or adjusted while you\u2019re making your complaint.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the outcome, complain to DVSA within 14 days of getting the prohibition.\n\n## Driving without a valid operator's licence\n\nYou need a valid operator\u2019s licence if you drive the following for any type of business:\n\n- a public service vehicle (PSV)\n\n- a heavy goods vehicle (HGV)\n\nIf you or your employer do not have a valid operator\u2019s licence, your vehicle could be impounded and scrapped after 21 days unless you or your employer appeal to the local Traffic Commissioner.\n\nAppeals can only be made when:\n\n- you can prove that the vehicle was seized wrongly (because you or your employer had an operator\u2019s licence when it was seized)\n\n- the vehicle was exempt from operator licensing when it was impounded\n\n- the vehicle was being used illegally without the owner\u2019s knowledge\n\nYour vehicle may still be scrapped if you appeal and the Traffic Commissioner rules that the impounding was correct.\n\n## Fixed penalties\n\nIf you get a fixed penalty from a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) officer or the police, the amount you have to pay could depend on the circumstances and seriousness of the offence.\n\nOffences you can be fined for include:\n\n- your vehicle weighing more than its maximum permitted weight\n\n- driving for too long without taking a break\n\n- your vehicle not being roadworthy (for example, if it has a bald tyre)\n\nYou can be fined between \u00a350 and \u00a3300. You can be taken to court for more serious offences, and a magistrate will decide how much your fine is.\n\nYou can check you\u2019ve been fined the correct amount by reading DVSA\u2019s guide to offences and fines.\n\n## Endorsements to your driving licence\n\nFor some offences, you\u2019ll get points added to your licence (endorsements) as well as a fine. For example, if your vehicle has defective brakes, you\u2019ll be given a \u00a3100 fine and 3 points on your licence.\n\nYou must present your driving licence within 14 days if the offence is endorsable.\n\n## Fixed penalty notices\n\nYou must have a UK address you can be easily contacted through. Bed and breakfast, hotel, agency or solicitor addresses are not normally accepted.\n\nIf you have a satisfactory UK address, you\u2019ll have 28 days from when you\u2019re given a fixed penalty notice to either:\n\n- pay the fine\n\n- ask for a court hearing if you want to appeal\n\nIn Scotland, you\u2019ll get a \u2018conditional offer\u2019 instead of a fixed penalty notice. You get 28 days from the date of issue to pay the fine. After this, you could be prosecuted if you do not pay.\n\n## If you do not have a satisfactory UK address\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a \u2018financial penalty deposit\u2019. This will be either:\n\n- the total of all fixed penalty notices issued (if you want to appeal, you must do so within 28 days)\n\n- \u00a3500 per offence if you go to court - you\u2019ll have to pay on the spot and go to court later\n\nIn both cases the maximum amount you\u2019ll have to pay as a deposit is \u00a31,500. You have to pay this straight away - if you do not, you might not be allowed to drive your vehicle.\n\nThe money from deposits is used to pay any fixed penalties or court fines.\n\nYou\u2019ll be refunded any money left over from your deposit after fines have been paid.\n\nYour vehicle will be immobilised if you do not pay the deposit.\n\n## What happens if your vehicle is immobilised\n\nDriver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) officers and police officers have the power to immobilise your vehicle when they stop you.\n\nThis might happen if you\u2019ve committed a serious enough offence to get an \u2018immediate prohibition\u2019.\n\nAn immediate prohibition is used to prevent risks to road safety (for example an unroadworthy vehicle or a tired driver). It means you will not be able to drive your vehicle until the problem is sorted out.\n\n## When your vehicle could be immobilised\n\nDVSA or the police can also immobilise your vehicle at the roadside if an immediate prohibition is issued for any of the following reasons:\n\n- you\u2019ve broken the rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs\n\n- your vehicle is not roadworthy\n\n- your vehicle is overloaded\n\n- you\u2019ve been given a fixed penalty notice but cannot or will not pay a financial penalty deposit\n\nNot all vehicles given an immediate prohibition will be immobilised. Special circumstances will be considered, eg:\n\n- the type of load you\u2019re carrying\n\n- if you\u2019re carrying passengers on a public service vehicle who\u2019d be inconvenienced if it was immobilised\n\n## How your vehicle is immobilised\n\nDVSA and the police use a steel cable secured by a padlock to immobilise vehicles. It\u2019s fitted around the wheels of the vehicle and a warning notice is attached to the vehicle.\n\nThe notice tells you how to get the vehicle released. You have to:\n\n- satisfy DVSA that the causes of the immediate prohibitions have been dealt with\n\n- pay an \u00a380 release charge\n\nIt\u2019s an offence to remove the warning notice or interfere with the immobilising device.\n\nDVSA has produced a guide to vehicle immobilisation with more information, including advice on how to avoid it.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Checks on your vehicle

    ", + "

    As a commercial driver, you might be asked to stop by the police or a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) officer. They can stop vans, lorries, buses and coaches.

    ", + "

    The police and DVSA have the power to carry out spot checks on your vehicle and issue prohibitions if necessary. A prohibition prevents you from driving until you get a problem with your vehicle fixed.

    ", + "

    Police and DVSA officers can also issue fixed penalties if you commit an offence. Some of these are graduated depending on the circumstances and seriousness of the offence.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your vehicle is roadworthy.

    ", + "

    How to recognise a DVSA officer

    ", + "

    DVSA officers wear yellow visibility jackets with either the VOSA or DVSA logo, and they\u2019ll always carry a DVSA warrant card.

    ", + "

    Their vehicles are marked with a black and yellow print on the side and either a VOSA or DVSA logo on the bonnet.

    ", + "

    What happens when you\u2019re stopped

    ", + "

    The checks are carried out either at the roadside or at dedicated testing sites. The checks are used to keep unsafe vehicles off the road.

    ", + "

    The officer checks that the vehicle is not breaking any rules and regulations. This includes:

    ", + "
  • checking authorised load weights and type of load permitted
    • ", + "
  • checking vehicles for roadworthiness and mechanical faults
    • ", + "
  • looking at your tachograph records
    • ", + "
  • making sure you have a valid occupational driving licence
    • ", + "

    Your vehicle could be impounded if you commit a series of serious offences.

    ", + "

    Foreign-registered vehicles are subject to the same rules as vehicles registered in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re carrying a high-value load you can keep your engine running, doors locked and windows closed until you\u2019re sure you\u2019ve been stopped by a genuine police or DVSA officer.

    ", + "

    If you do not stop

    ", + "

    Not stopping when asked to by a uniformed officer is an offence. The incident will be officially recorded and you\u2019ll be interviewed later on.

    ", + "

    You may then face court action or be reported to the Traffic Commissioner, who may remove or suspend your operator\u2019s licence.

    ", + "

    Making sure your vehicle is roadworthy

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for maintaining the roadworthiness of your vehicle. This will help avoid problems with vehicle checks.

    ", + "

    Driver responsibilities

    ", + "

    You must ensure your vehicle is safe to drive before setting off on a journey. You should carry out a walkaround check of the vehicle before your journey and check the:

    ", + "
  • lights
    • ", + "
  • tyres
    • ", + "
  • wheel fixings
    • ", + "
  • bodywork
    • ", + "
  • trailer coupling
    • ", + "
  • load and other equipment
    • ", + "

    Download guidance for walkaround checks for public service vehicle (PSV) and heavy goods vehicle (HGV) drivers.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also responsible for reporting any defects in writing to whoever\u2019s in charge of sorting out vehicle defects in your organisation. Reports should include the:

    ", + "
  • vehicle registration or identification mark
    • ", + "
  • date of inspection
    • ", + "
  • details of the defects
    • ", + "
  • name of the person reporting the defects
    • ", + "

    Operator responsibilities

    ", + "

    You must carry out safety inspections before you use a vehicle for the first time - even if you\u2019re just leasing, hiring or borrowing the vehicle.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • make sure there are regular safety inspections
    • ", + "
  • give drivers clear written instructions of their responsibilities so they understand what they should do
    • ", + "
  • have a system to ensure that non-roadworthy vehicles are taken out of service
    • ", + "

    Safety inspections must be carried out by trained inspectors with a good knowledge of the appropriate Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) inspection manuals.

    ", + "

    Roadside prohibitions

    ", + "

    You could be given a prohibition by a police officer or an officer from the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). You could either get an immediate or delayed prohibition, depending on how dangerous your vehicle is before the faults are fixed.

    ", + "

    Immediate prohibition

    ", + "

    It\u2019s likely your vehicle will be immobilised and you will not be able to drive it if you get a prohibition that comes into effect immediately. You could also be prosecuted.

    ", + "

    Delayed prohibition

    ", + "

    If you get a prohibition with a delayed effect, you\u2019ll be able to drive your vehicle away and the operator will have up to 10 days to get it fixed. It will then need to be reinspected and the prohibition removed before it can be used on the road again.

    ", + "

    Types of prohibition

    ", + "

    Make sure you give the prohibition notice to the vehicle operator and owner. They\u2019ll find details of how to clear it on the back.

    ", + "

    Overload prohibition notice

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is overloaded then you will be issued with an immediate prohibition notice and your vehicle may be immobilised. Examiners can also direct the vehicle to somewhere nearby, where the load can be redistributed or removed.

    ", + "

    A copy of the notice is sent to the owner or operator of the vehicle.

    ", + "

    Roadworthiness prohibition (PG9)

    ", + "

    This is given for mechanical problems or for the condition of a vehicle\u2019s bodywork and equipment. It could have an immediate or delayed effect depending on how severe the defect is.

    ", + "

    DVSA has published a list of defects explaining whether immediate or delayed prohibitions are issued.

    ", + "

    \u2018S\u2019 marked roadworthiness prohibition

    ", + "

    This is given when the examiner believes a severe defect is due to significant breakdown in the vehicle\u2019s maintenance procedures.

    ", + "

    You would not get this type of prohibition for defects you cannot have known about before your journey, eg:

    ", + "
  • a problem that could have occurred during the journey
    • ", + "
  • a problem you could not reasonably have been expected to have noticed (for example an underside defect)
    • ", + "

    You could get an \u2018S\u2019 marked prohibition if the examiner believes there\u2019s been a significant breakdown in the maintenance procedures agreed as part of the operator\u2019s licence.

    ", + "

    The prohibition can start immediately and you or the operator could be prosecuted. DVSA will follow up with an assessment of the operator\u2019s maintenance procedures.

    ", + "

    Variation of roadworthiness prohibition

    ", + "

    You could get this if an immediate problem with your vehicle has been temporarily or permanently fixed at the roadside but others remain.

    ", + "

    It means you can return to your operating centre or garage to permanently repair the initial problem and other faults.

    ", + "

    You might get a different type of prohibition notice.

    ", + "

    Drivers\u2019 hours prohibition

    ", + "

    You get this if you have not followed the rules for drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a fine - but you could also be prosecuted or have your vehicle immobilised.

    ", + "

    Hazchem prohibition

    ", + "

    This is given when a problem with carrying dangerous goods is found. Fixing the problem is usually enough to get the prohibition lifted.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the prohibition

    ", + "

    You can complain to the local police force or DVSA office that gave you the prohibition. Call DVSA if you need their contact details.

    ", + "

    Do not get your vehicle repaired or adjusted while you\u2019re making your complaint.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the outcome, complain to DVSA within 14 days of getting the prohibition.

    ", + "

    Driving without a valid operator's licence

    ", + "

    You need a valid operator\u2019s licence if you drive the following for any type of business:

    ", + "
  • a public service vehicle (PSV)
    • ", + "
  • a heavy goods vehicle (HGV)
    • ", + "

    If you or your employer do not have a valid operator\u2019s licence, your vehicle could be impounded and scrapped after 21 days unless you or your employer appeal to the local Traffic Commissioner.

    ", + "

    Appeals can only be made when:

    ", + "
  • you can prove that the vehicle was seized wrongly (because you or your employer had an operator\u2019s licence when it was seized)
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle was exempt from operator licensing when it was impounded
    • ", + "
  • the vehicle was being used illegally without the owner\u2019s knowledge
    • ", + "

    Your vehicle may still be scrapped if you appeal and the Traffic Commissioner rules that the impounding was correct.

    ", + "

    Fixed penalties

    ", + "

    If you get a fixed penalty from a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) officer or the police, the amount you have to pay could depend on the circumstances and seriousness of the offence.

    ", + "

    Offences you can be fined for include:

    ", + "
  • your vehicle weighing more than its maximum permitted weight
    • ", + "
  • driving for too long without taking a break
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle not being roadworthy (for example, if it has a bald tyre)
    • ", + "

    You can be fined between \u00a350 and \u00a3300. You can be taken to court for more serious offences, and a magistrate will decide how much your fine is.

    ", + "

    You can check you\u2019ve been fined the correct amount by reading DVSA\u2019s guide to offences and fines.

    ", + "

    Endorsements to your driving licence

    ", + "

    For some offences, you\u2019ll get points added to your licence (endorsements) as well as a fine. For example, if your vehicle has defective brakes, you\u2019ll be given a \u00a3100 fine and 3 points on your licence.

    ", + "

    You must present your driving licence within 14 days if the offence is endorsable.

    ", + "

    Fixed penalty notices

    ", + "

    You must have a UK address you can be easily contacted through. Bed and breakfast, hotel, agency or solicitor addresses are not normally accepted.

    ", + "

    If you have a satisfactory UK address, you\u2019ll have 28 days from when you\u2019re given a fixed penalty notice to either:

    ", + "
  • pay the fine
    • ", + "
  • ask for a court hearing if you want to appeal
    • ", + "

    In Scotland, you\u2019ll get a \u2018conditional offer\u2019 instead of a fixed penalty notice. You get 28 days from the date of issue to pay the fine. After this, you could be prosecuted if you do not pay.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a satisfactory UK address

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a \u2018financial penalty deposit\u2019. This will be either:

    ", + "
  • the total of all fixed penalty notices issued (if you want to appeal, you must do so within 28 days)
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3500 per offence if you go to court - you\u2019ll have to pay on the spot and go to court later
    • ", + "

    In both cases the maximum amount you\u2019ll have to pay as a deposit is \u00a31,500. You have to pay this straight away - if you do not, you might not be allowed to drive your vehicle.

    ", + "

    The money from deposits is used to pay any fixed penalties or court fines.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be refunded any money left over from your deposit after fines have been paid.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will be immobilised if you do not pay the deposit.

    ", + "

    What happens if your vehicle is immobilised

    ", + "

    Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) officers and police officers have the power to immobilise your vehicle when they stop you.

    ", + "

    This might happen if you\u2019ve committed a serious enough offence to get an \u2018immediate prohibition\u2019.

    ", + "

    An immediate prohibition is used to prevent risks to road safety (for example an unroadworthy vehicle or a tired driver). It means you will not be able to drive your vehicle until the problem is sorted out.

    ", + "

    When your vehicle could be immobilised

    ", + "

    DVSA or the police can also immobilise your vehicle at the roadside if an immediate prohibition is issued for any of the following reasons:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve broken the rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle is not roadworthy
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle is overloaded
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given a fixed penalty notice but cannot or will not pay a financial penalty deposit
    • ", + "

    Not all vehicles given an immediate prohibition will be immobilised. Special circumstances will be considered, eg:

    ", + "
  • the type of load you\u2019re carrying
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re carrying passengers on a public service vehicle who\u2019d be inconvenienced if it was immobilised
    • ", + "

    How your vehicle is immobilised

    ", + "

    DVSA and the police use a steel cable secured by a padlock to immobilise vehicles. It\u2019s fitted around the wheels of the vehicle and a warning notice is attached to the vehicle.

    ", + "

    The notice tells you how to get the vehicle released. You have to:

    ", + "
  • satisfy DVSA that the causes of the immediate prohibitions have been dealt with
    • ", + "
  • pay an \u00a380 release charge
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s an offence to remove the warning notice or interfere with the immobilising device.

    ", + "

    DVSA has produced a guide to vehicle immobilisation with more information, including advice on how to avoid it.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/traffic-commissioner": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/traffic-commissioner", + "title": "Traffic commissioner public inquiries", + "content": "## Overview\n\nTraffic commissioners are responsible for licensing and regulating operators of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs), public service vehicles (PSVs) and local bus services. They can also take action against their drivers.\n\nThey can call a formal public inquiry in a court to get more evidence to help them decide if they should:\n\n- grant or refuse licences for HGV or PSV operators\n\n- take action against a vehicle operator, bus service operator or driver of a bus, minibus or lorry\n\nThis might be if someone has objected to a licence being granted or the traffic commissioner thinks an operator may have broken the terms of their licence.\n\nA vehicle or bus service operator can also request a public inquiry but the traffic commissioner doesn\u2019t have to hold one.\n\n## Objecting to a licence\n\nLicence applications are made public. Objections can be made by certain public bodies and in some cases individuals.\n\n## Objections by public bodies\n\nBodies that can object to a licence application include:\n\n- local and planning authorities\n\n- the police\n\n- some trade associations and trade unions\n\n## When a public body can object\n\nA public body can object to a licence about the:\n\n- professional competence of the operator or its transport manager\n\n- operator\u2019s finances\n\n- operator\u2019s reputation or fitness to hold a licence\n\n- operator\u2019s arrangements for vehicle maintenance and drivers\u2019 hours\n\n- operating centre\u2019s environmental standards and general conditions\n\nObjections must be put in writing to the traffic commissioner within 21 days of a licence application being made public.\n\nYou can see the latest applications and traffic commissioner decisions in the regularly updated \u2018Applications and Decisions\u2019 guides for goods vehicles and the \u2018Notices and Proceedings\u2019 guides for public service vehicles (PSVs).\n\nRead the guide on goods vehicle operator licensing for further information.\n\n## Objections by individuals (representations)\n\nIf a vehicle operator wants to add an operating centre to a licence or make changes to an existing centre, owners and residents of land nearby can object. This is called a \u2018representation\u2019.\n\nHowever, representations must be about environmental issues, such as concern over noise, and only if they\u2019re going to affect the owner or resident\u2019s \u2018use or enjoyment\u2019 of the land.\n\nRead the guide on making a representation or complaint for further information.\n\n## Being called to a public inquiry\n\nYou may have to attend a public inquiry if:\n\n- someone has objected to your application for a licence or change to a licence\n\n- you have not kept to the conditions of your licence, for example you\u2019ve used more vehicles than permitted\n\n- there are environmental concerns about a goods vehicle operating centre on your licence\n\n- your conduct has come into question, for example you\u2019ve been caught using a mobile phone while driving\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with all the details.\n\n## Notice to attend\n\nYou\u2019ll get a minimum of:\n\n- 28 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a transport manager\n\n- 21 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a new or existing goods operator licence\n\n- 14 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a new or existing passenger operator\u2019s licence\n\nYou cannot ask for the hearing to be changed to another date, unless you have a good reason that can be backed up. For example, if you\u2019re going on holiday, you may need to send evidence to show it was pre-booked.\n\n## At the public inquiry\n\nYou can decide to represent yourself or ask someone to represent you, such as a lawyer. This could be someone else like a transport consultant if the traffic commissioner agrees.\n\nEvidence is not given under oath but witnesses have to tell the truth.\n\nIf you do not tell the truth you could lose your licence or criminal charges may follow.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nReport to the inquiry clerk as soon as you arrive. The traffic commissioner will then:\n\n- decide whether oppositions should be heard\n\n- listen to the application outline and ask questions about it\n\n- listen to objectors or a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) traffic examiner outline their cases and ask questions\n\n- ask applicants and objectors to present their cases in detail - they or any of the parties may ask questions\n\n- question applicants on how conditions added to the licence may affect their business\n\n- ask applicants and objectors to sum up their cases\n\nThe traffic commissioner will announce their decision at the time, or give it in writing later, usually within 28 days.\n\n## Decision and penalties\n\nThe traffic commissioner can decide to:\n\n- refuse to grant a licence\n\n- refuse to vary an existing licence\n\n- attach conditions to a licence\n\n- grant a licence allowing fewer vehicles than the number applied for\n\n- impose financial penalties on registered bus service operators\n\n- end or suspend an existing licence\n\n- disqualify an individual or a company from having a licence\n\n- disqualify transport managers\n\nYou can appeal against the decision.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper Tribunal against a traffic commissioner decision (form UT12).\n\nYou must send the form to the tribunal within 1 month of the traffic commissioner\u2019s written decision. The address is on the form.\n\nFind out more about making an appeal to the Upper Tribunal.\n\n## Further information\n\nThe Office of the Traffic Commissioner has produced a detailed guide to traffic commissioner public inquiries. It includes further information on:\n\n- how you might be called to an inquiry\n\n- how you might find out if an inquiry is to be held\n\n- how they work on the day", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Traffic commissioners are responsible for licensing and regulating operators of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs), public service vehicles (PSVs) and local bus services. They can also take action against their drivers.

    ", + "

    They can call a formal public inquiry in a court to get more evidence to help them decide if they should:

    ", + "
  • grant or refuse licences for HGV or PSV operators
    • ", + "
  • take action against a vehicle operator, bus service operator or driver of a bus, minibus or lorry
    • ", + "

    This might be if someone has objected to a licence being granted or the traffic commissioner thinks an operator may have broken the terms of their licence.

    ", + "

    A vehicle or bus service operator can also request a public inquiry but the traffic commissioner doesn\u2019t have to hold one.

    ", + "

    Objecting to a licence

    ", + "

    Licence applications are made public. Objections can be made by certain public bodies and in some cases individuals.

    ", + "

    Objections by public bodies

    ", + "

    Bodies that can object to a licence application include:

    ", + "
  • local and planning authorities
    • ", + "
  • the police
    • ", + "
  • some trade associations and trade unions
    • ", + "

    When a public body can object

    ", + "

    A public body can object to a licence about the:

    ", + "
  • professional competence of the operator or its transport manager
    • ", + "
  • operator\u2019s finances
    • ", + "
  • operator\u2019s reputation or fitness to hold a licence
    • ", + "
  • operator\u2019s arrangements for vehicle maintenance and drivers\u2019 hours
    • ", + "
  • operating centre\u2019s environmental standards and general conditions
    • ", + "

    Objections must be put in writing to the traffic commissioner within 21 days of a licence application being made public.

    ", + "

    You can see the latest applications and traffic commissioner decisions in the regularly updated \u2018Applications and Decisions\u2019 guides for goods vehicles and the \u2018Notices and Proceedings\u2019 guides for public service vehicles (PSVs).

    ", + "

    Read the guide on goods vehicle operator licensing for further information.

    ", + "

    Objections by individuals (representations)

    ", + "

    If a vehicle operator wants to add an operating centre to a licence or make changes to an existing centre, owners and residents of land nearby can object. This is called a \u2018representation\u2019.

    ", + "

    However, representations must be about environmental issues, such as concern over noise, and only if they\u2019re going to affect the owner or resident\u2019s \u2018use or enjoyment\u2019 of the land.

    ", + "

    Read the guide on making a representation or complaint for further information.

    ", + "

    Being called to a public inquiry

    ", + "

    You may have to attend a public inquiry if:

    ", + "
  • someone has objected to your application for a licence or change to a licence
    • ", + "
  • you have not kept to the conditions of your licence, for example you\u2019ve used more vehicles than permitted
    • ", + "
  • there are environmental concerns about a goods vehicle operating centre on your licence
    • ", + "
  • your conduct has come into question, for example you\u2019ve been caught using a mobile phone while driving
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter with all the details.

    ", + "

    Notice to attend

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a minimum of:

    ", + "
  • 28 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a transport manager
    • ", + "
  • 21 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a new or existing goods operator licence
    • ", + "
  • 14 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a new or existing passenger operator\u2019s licence
    • ", + "

    You cannot ask for the hearing to be changed to another date, unless you have a good reason that can be backed up. For example, if you\u2019re going on holiday, you may need to send evidence to show it was pre-booked.

    ", + "

    At the public inquiry

    ", + "

    You can decide to represent yourself or ask someone to represent you, such as a lawyer. This could be someone else like a transport consultant if the traffic commissioner agrees.

    ", + "

    Evidence is not given under oath but witnesses have to tell the truth.

    ", + "

    If you do not tell the truth you could lose your licence or criminal charges may follow.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    Report to the inquiry clerk as soon as you arrive. The traffic commissioner will then:

    ", + "
  • decide whether oppositions should be heard
    • ", + "
  • listen to the application outline and ask questions about it
    • ", + "
  • listen to objectors or a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) traffic examiner outline their cases and ask questions
    • ", + "
  • ask applicants and objectors to present their cases in detail - they or any of the parties may ask questions
    • ", + "
  • question applicants on how conditions added to the licence may affect their business
    • ", + "
  • ask applicants and objectors to sum up their cases
    • ", + "

    The traffic commissioner will announce their decision at the time, or give it in writing later, usually within 28 days.

    ", + "

    Decision and penalties

    ", + "

    The traffic commissioner can decide to:

    ", + "
  • refuse to grant a licence
    • ", + "
  • refuse to vary an existing licence
    • ", + "
  • attach conditions to a licence
    • ", + "
  • grant a licence allowing fewer vehicles than the number applied for
    • ", + "
  • impose financial penalties on registered bus service operators
    • ", + "
  • end or suspend an existing licence
    • ", + "
  • disqualify an individual or a company from having a licence
    • ", + "
  • disqualify transport managers
    • ", + "

    You can appeal against the decision.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Upper Tribunal against a traffic commissioner decision (form UT12).

    ", + "

    You must send the form to the tribunal within 1 month of the traffic commissioner\u2019s written decision. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Find out more about making an appeal to the Upper Tribunal.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    The Office of the Traffic Commissioner has produced a detailed guide to traffic commissioner public inquiries. It includes further information on:

    ", + "
  • how you might be called to an inquiry
    • ", + "
  • how you might find out if an inquiry is to be held
    • ", + "
  • how they work on the day
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/specialist-tests-for-lorries": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/specialist-tests-for-lorries", + "title": "Specialist tests for lorries", + "content": "## Overview\n\nMost commercial vehicles must be tested every year to make sure they\u2019re roadworthy and follow regulations. This is known as the annual test.\n\nAs well as the annual test, your HGV must be tested if you want to be able to:\n\n- carry explosives or dangerous goods in bulk - this is known as the ADR test\n\n- take goods vehicles outside the EU - this is known as the TIR test\n\n- \u2018uprate\u2019 or \u2018downrate\u2019 your vehicle to change the weight it\u2019s allowed to carry\n\n- qualify for a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC)\n\n## ADR test for carrying dangerous goods\n\nThe ADR is a specialist test for vehicles carrying dangerous or hazardous goods in bulk by road.\n\nYour vehicle must pass an ADR test if it\u2019s a commercial vehicle or a trailer used to carry explosives, or if it\u2019s used in the UK or abroad:\n\n- to carry dangerous goods in a fixed tank, demountable tank or fixed battery of pressure vessels of over 1,000 litres capacity\n\n- for carrying dangerous goods in a container or portable tank or battery of pressure vessels of over 3,000 litres capacity\n\nThe test varies depending on the type of goods you want to carry.\n\n## How to book a test and what it costs\n\n- Complete the application for an ADR test.\n\n- Say on the form if the vehicle is to be tested while still carrying dangerous goods (or their residue) - DVSA will make arrangements for this.\n\n- Include copies of insurance certificates (originals will need to be seen at the test) for fixed tanks, batteries and pressure vessels.\n\nSend your application at least 10 days before you want to take the test. You can post it to the address on the form or use the contact details below.\n\nVehicles and trailers need individual certification, so an articulated or drawbar combination will need 2 ADR applications - one for the vehicle and one for the trailer. You have to pay a fee for each part.\n\n## Fees for ADR testing and certification\n\nThe fees listed are in addition to the standard annual test fee.\n\n| DVSA service | Fee |\n\n| Initial inspection | \u00a3116 |\n\n| Re-inspection within 14 days | \u00a363 |\n\n| Duplicate certificate | \u00a314 |\n\n| New type approved artic tractor certificate | \u00a328 |\n\nFees may be different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Taking your vehicle to the test\n\nVehicles should not normally be loaded or uncleaned when they\u2019re taken for the ADR test, unless special arrangements have been made with the testing station.\n\nThe exception is for vehicles loaded with UN1202 diesel, gas or heating oil where there\u2019s also no residue of other flammable materials in tank vapour spaces.\n\nIf a dangerous goods vehicle is taken to the test uncleaned or not purged, or is laden with dangerous goods, DVSA will need to see evidence that the vehicle is accompanied by a person with an appropriate ADR driver\u2019s licence.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit form VTG15 to the testing station to show if your vehicle is carrying or has been carrying dangerous goods.\n\n## Getting a re-inspection after a failed test\n\nIf you fail the test, phone the testing station you used to arrange another inspection.\n\n## New goods vehicle tractor units that have \u2018ADR-type approval\u2019\n\nIf you buy a new tractor unit, ask your vehicle supplier if it has been built to an \u2018ADR-type approval\u2019. This means you can get ADR-type certification for it. The manufacturer should supply a combined Declaration of Conformity and application form ADR IIIA, which you can then send to DVSA.\n\n## Duplicate ADR certificates\n\nYou can get a duplicate certificate as long as the ADR certificate is still current. You cannot get a duplicate of an expired certificate.\n\nWrite to DVSA\u2019s ADR Section with the following details:\n\n- vehicle/trailer ID\n\n- operator name and address\n\n- reason for request (for example, you\u2019ve lost the certificate or there\u2019s been a change of owner/operator)\n\n- payment details\n\n## Change of ADR category\n\nIf you want a new certificate because there\u2019s been a change of ADR category call the ADR Section for advice.\n\n## TIR test for quicker border crossings\n\nThe TIR system allows UK customs officials to pack and seal goods before they\u2019re transported outside the EU. This means that the load will not need to be opened and inspected by customs officials at border crossings.\n\nTo meet the TIR requirements your vehicle must pass a test to make sure that:\n\n- nothing can be put into or taken from the vehicle without it being obvious\n\n- the goods compartment is built so that it has to be accessed from both inside and outside to be removed and replaced\n\nVehicles have to be made to the TIR convention standards. Most lorries made in the UK are not built to the TIR standard and cannot easily be changed to meet the standard.\n\n## Book a TIR test\n\nThere are 2 ways to get vehicles approved. You can either:\n\n- get individual vehicles approved by having each one inspected\n\n- get a design approved for a series of vehicles\n\n## Get individual vehicles approved\n\nFill in an application to book an individual vehicle inspection and pay the fee. You need to fill in a form and pay a fee for each vehicle you want to be approved.\n\nThe TIR test certificate lasts for 2 years from the date it\u2019s issued. You then need to book another inspection every 2 years to keep the vehicle approved. You have to fill in the inspection form and pay the fee each time.\n\n| Fee type | Cost |\n\n| Initial inspection for an individual vehicle | \u00a3106 |\n\n| Two-yearly inspection for an individual vehicle | \u00a3106 |\n\n| Re-inspection for an individual vehicle after a failed test | \u00a370 |\n\nFees may be different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Get a design approved for a series of vehicles\n\nFill in an application to get a vehicle load compartment design approved and pay the fee.\n\nAfter the design is approved, you have to apply for a \u2018certificate of conformity\u2019 for each vehicle made to that design. You have to pay a fee for each vehicle. DVSA will inspect a sample of the vehicles.\n\nThe certificate lasts for 2 years from the date it\u2019s issued. You then need to book an inspection for each vehicle made to the design every 2 years to keep them approved. You have to pay the inspection fee each time.\n\n| Fee type | Cost |\n\n| Approval of a design for a series of vehicles | \u00a3644 |\n\n| Certificate of conformity for each vehicle made to the design | \u00a314 |\n\n| Two-yearly inspection for each vehicle made to the design | \u00a3106 |\n\n| Re-inspection for a vehicle after a failed test | \u00a370 |\n\n| Make a change to an approved design | \u00a3106 |\n\n| Replacement certificate of conformity | \u00a314 |\n\nFees may be different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Where you can get the vehicle tested\n\nCall DVSA to find out where you can have it done.\n\n## Cancelling a test\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give at least 3 days notice to cancel an inspection. Otherwise the fee won\u2019t be refunded.\n\n## Change the weight you can carry\n\nYou can apply to increase the maximum permitted weight your lorry can carry.\n\nThis is known as:\n\n- \u2018up-plating\u2019 if no physical changes have been made to the design\n\n- \u2018uprating\u2019 if the design has been modified\n\nYou\u2019ll get a new plate to show the change in permitted weight.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a higher rate of vehicle tax if up-plating or uprating puts you in a higher vehicle tax band.\n\n## Downplating and downrating\n\nYou can also \u2018downplate\u2019 or \u2018downrate\u2019 your lorry. This reduces the maximum weight it can work at and will lower its rate of vehicle tax.\n\nYour vehicle will be inspected by DVSA if it has been uprated or downrated before it\u2019s issued with new plates at the new weights.\n\nUp-plated and downplated lorries are not usually inspected, but downplated vehicles might have to pass an official weight test before DVSA issues a new plate.\n\n## Apply to replate your lorry\n\nYou can apply online or by post. You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a327.\n\nYou must apply to DVLA using form V70 to re-licence the lorry once it\u2019s replated. Send your new plating certificate VTG7 with your application.\n\n## Reduced emissions test\n\nYou can get your vehicle tested for a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC). This lets you drive in the Low Emission Zone (LEZ) without paying.\n\nThe Reduced Pollution Certificate (RPC) scheme to reduce your vehicle tax ended on 31 December 2016.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour vehicle can be tested for a Low Emissions Certificate if it:\n\n- was registered in the UK before 1 October 2006\n\n- is fitted with a full filter to Low Emission Zone emissions standards\n\nYou do not need a Low Emission Certificate for a vehicle with a Euro 4, 5 or 6 engine.\n\n## Converted and re-engined vehicles\n\nContact DVLA if the vehicle has either:\n\n- been fitted or converted to run solely on petrol\n\n- had an approved gas conversion\n\nContact Transport for London (TfL) if your vehicle has been \u2018re-engined\u2019 to meet Low Emission Zone standards.\n\n## Book a Low Emissions Certificate test\n\nContact an authorised testing facility or Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) test station to book the test.\n\nYou need:\n\n- your vehicle registration number\n\n- your vehicle identification or chassis number\n\n- the make, model and date of manufacture\n\n- details of any modifications made to meet the emissions standard\n\n- to pay the fee\n\nIt\u2019s cheaper to have the test done at the same time as the vehicle\u2019s annual test.\n\n## What to take to the test\n\nIf it\u2019s been tested before you must take the vehicle\u2019s previous Low Emissions Certificate or Reduced Pollution Certificate.\n\nThe test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if you do not take the certificate.\n\n## What happens at the test\n\nThe test is in 2 parts:\n\n- physical inspection to check any modifications, such as a filter fitted to the exhaust\n\n- smoke opacity test to check emissions\n\n## Test result\n\nYou\u2019ll get a Low Emissions Certificate if your vehicle passes the test.\n\nDVSA will pass your details to TfL automatically. You cannot drive in the Low Emission Zone until your details have been updated - it takes around 3 days.\n\nIf your vehicle is registered outside Great Britain, you need to register with TfL yourself. You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not register it.\n\n## If your vehicle fails\n\nYou can appeal the result. Fill in form LEC3 and send it to DVSA. The address is on the form.\n\n## Renewing a Low Emissions Certificate\n\nThe Low Emissions Certificate has an expiry date on it. You need to get your vehicle tested again by this date if you want to continue driving in the Low Emission Zone without paying.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving in the Low Emission Zone without a valid Low Emissions Certificate.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Most commercial vehicles must be tested every year to make sure they\u2019re roadworthy and follow regulations. This is known as the annual test.

    ", + "

    As well as the annual test, your HGV must be tested if you want to be able to:

    ", + "
  • carry explosives or dangerous goods in bulk - this is known as the ADR test
    • ", + "
  • take goods vehicles outside the EU - this is known as the TIR test
    • ", + "
  • \u2018uprate\u2019 or \u2018downrate\u2019 your vehicle to change the weight it\u2019s allowed to carry
    • ", + "
  • qualify for a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC)
    • ", + "

    ADR test for carrying dangerous goods

    ", + "

    The ADR is a specialist test for vehicles carrying dangerous or hazardous goods in bulk by road.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must pass an ADR test if it\u2019s a commercial vehicle or a trailer used to carry explosives, or if it\u2019s used in the UK or abroad:

    ", + "
  • to carry dangerous goods in a fixed tank, demountable tank or fixed battery of pressure vessels of over 1,000 litres capacity
    • ", + "
  • for carrying dangerous goods in a container or portable tank or battery of pressure vessels of over 3,000 litres capacity
    • ", + "

    The test varies depending on the type of goods you want to carry.

    ", + "

    How to book a test and what it costs

    ", + "
  • Complete the application for an ADR test.
    • ", + "
  • Say on the form if the vehicle is to be tested while still carrying dangerous goods (or their residue) - DVSA will make arrangements for this.
    • ", + "
  • Include copies of insurance certificates (originals will need to be seen at the test) for fixed tanks, batteries and pressure vessels.
    • ", + "

    Send your application at least 10 days before you want to take the test. You can post it to the address on the form or use the contact details below.

    ", + "

    Vehicles and trailers need individual certification, so an articulated or drawbar combination will need 2 ADR applications - one for the vehicle and one for the trailer. You have to pay a fee for each part.

    ", + "

    Fees for ADR testing and certification

    ", + "

    The fees listed are in addition to the standard annual test fee.

    ", + "DVSA service | Fee", + "Initial inspection | \u00a3116", + "Re-inspection within 14 days | \u00a363", + "Duplicate certificate | \u00a314", + "New type approved artic tractor certificate | \u00a328", + "

    Fees may be different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Taking your vehicle to the test

    ", + "

    Vehicles should not normally be loaded or uncleaned when they\u2019re taken for the ADR test, unless special arrangements have been made with the testing station.

    ", + "

    The exception is for vehicles loaded with UN1202 diesel, gas or heating oil where there\u2019s also no residue of other flammable materials in tank vapour spaces.

    ", + "

    If a dangerous goods vehicle is taken to the test uncleaned or not purged, or is laden with dangerous goods, DVSA will need to see evidence that the vehicle is accompanied by a person with an appropriate ADR driver\u2019s licence.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit form VTG15 to the testing station to show if your vehicle is carrying or has been carrying dangerous goods.

    ", + "

    Getting a re-inspection after a failed test

    ", + "

    If you fail the test, phone the testing station you used to arrange another inspection.

    ", + "

    New goods vehicle tractor units that have \u2018ADR-type approval\u2019

    ", + "

    If you buy a new tractor unit, ask your vehicle supplier if it has been built to an \u2018ADR-type approval\u2019. This means you can get ADR-type certification for it. The manufacturer should supply a combined Declaration of Conformity and application form ADR IIIA, which you can then send to DVSA.

    ", + "

    Duplicate ADR certificates

    ", + "

    You can get a duplicate certificate as long as the ADR certificate is still current. You cannot get a duplicate of an expired certificate.

    ", + "

    Write to DVSA\u2019s ADR Section with the following details:

    ", + "
  • vehicle/trailer ID
    • ", + "
  • operator name and address
    • ", + "
  • reason for request (for example, you\u2019ve lost the certificate or there\u2019s been a change of owner/operator)
    • ", + "
  • payment details
    • ", + "

    Change of ADR category

    ", + "

    If you want a new certificate because there\u2019s been a change of ADR category call the ADR Section for advice.

    ", + "

    TIR test for quicker border crossings

    ", + "

    The TIR system allows UK customs officials to pack and seal goods before they\u2019re transported outside the EU. This means that the load will not need to be opened and inspected by customs officials at border crossings.

    ", + "

    To meet the TIR requirements your vehicle must pass a test to make sure that:

    ", + "
  • nothing can be put into or taken from the vehicle without it being obvious
    • ", + "
  • the goods compartment is built so that it has to be accessed from both inside and outside to be removed and replaced
    • ", + "

    Vehicles have to be made to the TIR convention standards. Most lorries made in the UK are not built to the TIR standard and cannot easily be changed to meet the standard.

    ", + "

    Book a TIR test

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways to get vehicles approved. You can either:

    ", + "
  • get individual vehicles approved by having each one inspected
    • ", + "
  • get a design approved for a series of vehicles
    • ", + "

    Get individual vehicles approved

    ", + "

    Fill in an application to book an individual vehicle inspection and pay the fee. You need to fill in a form and pay a fee for each vehicle you want to be approved.

    ", + "

    The TIR test certificate lasts for 2 years from the date it\u2019s issued. You then need to book another inspection every 2 years to keep the vehicle approved. You have to fill in the inspection form and pay the fee each time.

    ", + "Fee type | Cost", + "Initial inspection for an individual vehicle | \u00a3106", + "Two-yearly inspection for an individual vehicle | \u00a3106", + "Re-inspection for an individual vehicle after a failed test | \u00a370", + "

    Fees may be different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Get a design approved for a series of vehicles

    ", + "

    Fill in an application to get a vehicle load compartment design approved and pay the fee.

    ", + "

    After the design is approved, you have to apply for a \u2018certificate of conformity\u2019 for each vehicle made to that design. You have to pay a fee for each vehicle. DVSA will inspect a sample of the vehicles.

    ", + "

    The certificate lasts for 2 years from the date it\u2019s issued. You then need to book an inspection for each vehicle made to the design every 2 years to keep them approved. You have to pay the inspection fee each time.

    ", + "Fee type | Cost", + "Approval of a design for a series of vehicles | \u00a3644", + "Certificate of conformity for each vehicle made to the design | \u00a314", + "Two-yearly inspection for each vehicle made to the design | \u00a3106", + "Re-inspection for a vehicle after a failed test | \u00a370", + "Make a change to an approved design | \u00a3106", + "Replacement certificate of conformity | \u00a314", + "

    Fees may be different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Where you can get the vehicle tested

    ", + "

    Call DVSA to find out where you can have it done.

    ", + "

    Cancelling a test

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give at least 3 days notice to cancel an inspection. Otherwise the fee won\u2019t be refunded.

    ", + "

    Change the weight you can carry

    ", + "

    You can apply to increase the maximum permitted weight your lorry can carry.

    ", + "

    This is known as:

    ", + "
  • \u2018up-plating\u2019 if no physical changes have been made to the design
    • ", + "
  • \u2018uprating\u2019 if the design has been modified
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a new plate to show the change in permitted weight.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a higher rate of vehicle tax if up-plating or uprating puts you in a higher vehicle tax band.

    ", + "

    Downplating and downrating

    ", + "

    You can also \u2018downplate\u2019 or \u2018downrate\u2019 your lorry. This reduces the maximum weight it can work at and will lower its rate of vehicle tax.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will be inspected by DVSA if it has been uprated or downrated before it\u2019s issued with new plates at the new weights.

    ", + "

    Up-plated and downplated lorries are not usually inspected, but downplated vehicles might have to pass an official weight test before DVSA issues a new plate.

    ", + "

    Apply to replate your lorry

    ", + "

    You can apply online or by post. You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a327.

    ", + "

    You must apply to DVLA using form V70 to re-licence the lorry once it\u2019s replated. Send your new plating certificate VTG7 with your application.

    ", + "

    Reduced emissions test

    ", + "

    You can get your vehicle tested for a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC). This lets you drive in the Low Emission Zone (LEZ) without paying.

    ", + "

    The Reduced Pollution Certificate (RPC) scheme to reduce your vehicle tax ended on 31 December 2016.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your vehicle can be tested for a Low Emissions Certificate if it:

    ", + "
  • was registered in the UK before 1 October 2006
    • ", + "
  • is fitted with a full filter to Low Emission Zone emissions standards
    • ", + "

    You do not need a Low Emission Certificate for a vehicle with a Euro 4, 5 or 6 engine.

    ", + "

    Converted and re-engined vehicles

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if the vehicle has either:

    ", + "
  • been fitted or converted to run solely on petrol
    • ", + "
  • had an approved gas conversion
    • ", + "

    Contact Transport for London (TfL) if your vehicle has been \u2018re-engined\u2019 to meet Low Emission Zone standards.

    ", + "

    Book a Low Emissions Certificate test

    ", + "

    Contact an authorised testing facility or Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) test station to book the test.

    ", + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • your vehicle registration number
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle identification or chassis number
    • ", + "
  • the make, model and date of manufacture
    • ", + "
  • details of any modifications made to meet the emissions standard
    • ", + "
  • to pay the fee
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s cheaper to have the test done at the same time as the vehicle\u2019s annual test.

    ", + "

    What to take to the test

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s been tested before you must take the vehicle\u2019s previous Low Emissions Certificate or Reduced Pollution Certificate.

    ", + "

    The test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if you do not take the certificate.

    ", + "

    What happens at the test

    ", + "

    The test is in 2 parts:

    ", + "
  • physical inspection to check any modifications, such as a filter fitted to the exhaust
    • ", + "
  • smoke opacity test to check emissions
    • ", + "

    Test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a Low Emissions Certificate if your vehicle passes the test.

    ", + "

    DVSA will pass your details to TfL automatically. You cannot drive in the Low Emission Zone until your details have been updated - it takes around 3 days.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is registered outside Great Britain, you need to register with TfL yourself. You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not register it.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle fails

    ", + "

    You can appeal the result. Fill in form LEC3 and send it to DVSA. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Renewing a Low Emissions Certificate

    ", + "

    The Low Emissions Certificate has an expiry date on it. You need to get your vehicle tested again by this date if you want to continue driving in the Low Emission Zone without paying.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving in the Low Emission Zone without a valid Low Emissions Certificate.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/specialist-tests-for-coaches-and-buses": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/specialist-tests-for-coaches-and-buses", + "title": "Specialist tests for coaches and buses", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must get your commercial vehicle tested every year to make sure it\u2019s roadworthy. This is known as the annual test.\n\nThere are extra tests coaches and buses may need to take to:\n\n- qualify for free entrance to the London Low Emission Zone (LEZ) by getting a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC)\n\n- meet seat belt safety rules\n\n## Reduced emissions test\n\nYou can get your vehicle tested for a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC). This lets you drive in the Low Emission Zone (LEZ) without paying.\n\nThe Reduced Pollution Certificate (RPC) scheme to reduce your vehicle tax ended on 31 December 2016.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour vehicle can be tested for a Low Emissions Certificate if it:\n\n- was registered in the UK before 1 October 2006\n\n- is fitted with a full filter to Low Emission Zone emissions standards\n\nYou don\u2019t need a Low Emission Certificate for a vehicle with a Euro 4, 5 or 6 engine.\n\n## Converted and re-engined vehicles\n\nContact DVLA if the vehicle has either:\n\n- been fitted or converted to run solely on petrol\n\n- had an approved gas conversion\n\nContact Transport for London (TfL) if your vehicle has been \u2018re-engined\u2019 to meet Low Emission Zone standards.\n\n## Book a Low Emissions Certificate test\n\nContact an authorised testing facility or Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) test station to book the test.\n\nYou need:\n\n- your vehicle registration number\n\n- your vehicle identification or chassis number\n\n- the make, model and date of manufacture\n\n- details of any modifications made to meet the emissions standard\n\n- to pay the fee\n\nIt\u2019s cheaper to have the test done at the same time as the vehicle\u2019s annual test.\n\n## What to take to the test\n\nIf it\u2019s been tested before you must take the vehicle\u2019s previous Low Emissions Certificate or Reduced Pollution Certificate.\n\nThe test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if you don\u2019t take the certificate.\n\n## What happens at the test\n\nThe test is in 2 parts:\n\n- physical inspection to check any modifications, such as a filter fitted to the exhaust\n\n- smoke opacity test to check emissions\n\n## Test result\n\nYou\u2019ll get a Low Emissions Certificate if your vehicle passes the test.\n\nDVSA will pass your details to TfL automatically. It takes around 3 days for your details to be updated so you can drive in the Low Emission Zone.\n\nIf your vehicle is registered outside Great Britain, you need to register with TfL yourself. You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you don\u2019t register it.\n\n## If your vehicle fails\n\nYou can appeal the result. Fill in form LEC3 and send it to DVSA. The address is on the form.\n\n## Renewing a Low Emissions Certificate\n\nThe Low Emissions Certificate has an expiry date on it. You need to get your vehicle tested again by this date if you want to continue driving in the Low Emission Zone without paying.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving in the Low Emission Zone without a valid Low Emissions Certificate.\n\n## Seat belt installation tests\n\nManufacturers of some buses, coaches and minibuses must make sure their seat belts meet certain safety rules.\n\n## Vehicles that need to be tested\n\nIf your vehicle has additional seat belts fitted beyond those required by law, it must be tested if:\n\n- it\u2019s a private passenger vehicle with more than 8 passenger seats and was first used on or after 1 October 2001\n\n- it\u2019s a public service vehicle\n\n## Exemptions\n\nPrivate passenger vehicles registered before 1 October 2001 are exempt.\n\nBuses made to carry standing passengers are also exempt, but if they have seat belts these must be tested.\n\nPublic service vehicles that need a Certificate of Initial Fitness (COIF) have their seat belts checked as part of this process.\n\n## Arrange a test\n\nYou can get your passenger vehicle\u2019s seat belt installation tested at one of the following centres:\n\n- Status\n\n- Millbrook proving ground\n\n- Transport research laboratory\n\nManufacturers can test their own seat belts as long as they have the right equipment and staff.\n\nTesting seat belts is usually part of obtaining a COIF on new vehicles.\n\nYou can get more advice about testing your passenger vehicle\u2019s seat belts from DVSA.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must get your commercial vehicle tested every year to make sure it\u2019s roadworthy. This is known as the annual test.

    ", + "

    There are extra tests coaches and buses may need to take to:

    ", + "
  • qualify for free entrance to the London Low Emission Zone (LEZ) by getting a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC)
    • ", + "
  • meet seat belt safety rules
    • ", + "

    Reduced emissions test

    ", + "

    You can get your vehicle tested for a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC). This lets you drive in the Low Emission Zone (LEZ) without paying.

    ", + "

    The Reduced Pollution Certificate (RPC) scheme to reduce your vehicle tax ended on 31 December 2016.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your vehicle can be tested for a Low Emissions Certificate if it:

    ", + "
  • was registered in the UK before 1 October 2006
    • ", + "
  • is fitted with a full filter to Low Emission Zone emissions standards
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a Low Emission Certificate for a vehicle with a Euro 4, 5 or 6 engine.

    ", + "

    Converted and re-engined vehicles

    ", + "

    Contact DVLA if the vehicle has either:

    ", + "
  • been fitted or converted to run solely on petrol
    • ", + "
  • had an approved gas conversion
    • ", + "

    Contact Transport for London (TfL) if your vehicle has been \u2018re-engined\u2019 to meet Low Emission Zone standards.

    ", + "

    Book a Low Emissions Certificate test

    ", + "

    Contact an authorised testing facility or Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) test station to book the test.

    ", + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • your vehicle registration number
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle identification or chassis number
    • ", + "
  • the make, model and date of manufacture
    • ", + "
  • details of any modifications made to meet the emissions standard
    • ", + "
  • to pay the fee
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s cheaper to have the test done at the same time as the vehicle\u2019s annual test.

    ", + "

    What to take to the test

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s been tested before you must take the vehicle\u2019s previous Low Emissions Certificate or Reduced Pollution Certificate.

    ", + "

    The test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if you don\u2019t take the certificate.

    ", + "

    What happens at the test

    ", + "

    The test is in 2 parts:

    ", + "
  • physical inspection to check any modifications, such as a filter fitted to the exhaust
    • ", + "
  • smoke opacity test to check emissions
    • ", + "

    Test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a Low Emissions Certificate if your vehicle passes the test.

    ", + "

    DVSA will pass your details to TfL automatically. It takes around 3 days for your details to be updated so you can drive in the Low Emission Zone.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle is registered outside Great Britain, you need to register with TfL yourself. You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you don\u2019t register it.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle fails

    ", + "

    You can appeal the result. Fill in form LEC3 and send it to DVSA. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Renewing a Low Emissions Certificate

    ", + "

    The Low Emissions Certificate has an expiry date on it. You need to get your vehicle tested again by this date if you want to continue driving in the Low Emission Zone without paying.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving in the Low Emission Zone without a valid Low Emissions Certificate.

    ", + "

    Seat belt installation tests

    ", + "

    Manufacturers of some buses, coaches and minibuses must make sure their seat belts meet certain safety rules.

    ", + "

    Vehicles that need to be tested

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has additional seat belts fitted beyond those required by law, it must be tested if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s a private passenger vehicle with more than 8 passenger seats and was first used on or after 1 October 2001
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a public service vehicle
    • ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    Private passenger vehicles registered before 1 October 2001 are exempt.

    ", + "

    Buses made to carry standing passengers are also exempt, but if they have seat belts these must be tested.

    ", + "

    Public service vehicles that need a Certificate of Initial Fitness (COIF) have their seat belts checked as part of this process.

    ", + "

    Arrange a test

    ", + "

    You can get your passenger vehicle\u2019s seat belt installation tested at one of the following centres:

    ", + "
  • Status
    • ", + "
  • Millbrook proving ground
    • ", + "
  • Transport research laboratory
    • ", + "

    Manufacturers can test their own seat belts as long as they have the right equipment and staff.

    ", + "

    Testing seat belts is usually part of obtaining a COIF on new vehicles.

    ", + "

    You can get more advice about testing your passenger vehicle\u2019s seat belts from DVSA.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/taxi-driver-licence": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taxi-driver-licence", + "title": "Driving licences for taxis and private hire vehicles", + "content": "## Type of driving licence\n\nYou need a licence to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle.\n\nThere are different ways for you apply depending on whether you\u2019ll operate:\n\n- outside London\n\n- inside London\n\nThere is a different process for Northern Ireland.\n\n## Outside London\n\nYou must apply to your local council for a licence to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV).\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo apply you must:\n\n- be able to work legally in the UK\n\n- have held a full GB or Northern Ireland driving licence - or a full EU driving licence - for at least 12 months\n\nYou must also be a \u2018fit and proper person\u2019 - which means your background and character will be checked. Your council may carry out an enhanced criminal records check from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS).\n\nYou may also need:\n\n- a medical examination\n\n- a \u2018knowledge\u2019 test\n\n- to take a driving test\n\n## Apply\n\nAsk your council what the requirements are in your area, including the fees they charge and how to apply.\n\n## Renew\n\nAsk your council how to renew your licence.\n\n## Inside London\n\nYou need to apply to Transport for London (TfL) to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV).\n\nCheck with TfL to see if you\u2019re eligible to become a taxi or PHV driver.\n\n## Apply\n\nContact TfL to apply for a taxi driver licence.\n\nContact TfL to apply for a PHV driver licence.\n\n## Renew\n\nTfL will send you a renewal form before your current taxi or PHV driver\u2019s licence expires.\n\nYou need to renew your licence before it expires or you will not be able to work as a taxi or PHV driver.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Type of driving licence

    ", + "

    You need a licence to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle.

    ", + "

    There are different ways for you apply depending on whether you\u2019ll operate:

    ", + "
  • outside London
    • ", + "
  • inside London
    • ", + "

    There is a different process for Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Outside London

    ", + "

    You must apply to your local council for a licence to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV).

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To apply you must:

    ", + "
  • be able to work legally in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have held a full GB or Northern Ireland driving licence - or a full EU driving licence - for at least 12 months
    • ", + "

    You must also be a \u2018fit and proper person\u2019 - which means your background and character will be checked. Your council may carry out an enhanced criminal records check from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS).

    ", + "

    You may also need:

    ", + "
  • a medical examination
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018knowledge\u2019 test
    • ", + "
  • to take a driving test
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Ask your council what the requirements are in your area, including the fees they charge and how to apply.

    ", + "

    Renew

    ", + "

    Ask your council how to renew your licence.

    ", + "

    Inside London

    ", + "

    You need to apply to Transport for London (TfL) to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV).

    ", + "

    Check with TfL to see if you\u2019re eligible to become a taxi or PHV driver.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Contact TfL to apply for a taxi driver licence.

    ", + "

    Contact TfL to apply for a PHV driver licence.

    ", + "

    Renew

    ", + "

    TfL will send you a renewal form before your current taxi or PHV driver\u2019s licence expires.

    ", + "

    You need to renew your licence before it expires or you will not be able to work as a taxi or PHV driver.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/being-a-goods-vehicle-operator": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-a-goods-vehicle-operator", + "title": "Being a goods vehicle operator", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence if your business uses goods vehicles above a certain weight.\n\nThe rules are different if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou need a licence to carry goods in a lorry, van or other vehicle with either:\n\n- a gross plated weight (the maximum weight that the vehicle can have at any one time) of over 3,500 kilograms (kg)\n\n- an unladen weight of more than 1,525 kg (where there is no plated weight)\n\nThere are 3 different types of licence - what you need depends on the work you do.\n\nYou must also make sure that any drivers you use or employ have the correct licence and training. All vehicles that you use should be correctly taxed and kept safe and in good condition at all times.\n\nSome goods vehicles do not need an operator\u2019s licence - read more about the exemptions.\n\n## Motor vehicles and trailers\n\nYou\u2019ll need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence for a motor vehicle and trailer combination if:\n\n- the motor vehicle and the trailer(s) are plated and the total of their gross plated weights is more than 3,500 kg\n\n- the total unladen weight of the vehicle and trailer combination is more than 1,525 kg\n\nYou do not need an operator\u2019s licence if your trailer\u2019s unladen weight is less than 1,020 kg and you only carry your own goods.\n\n## Carrying goods for hire or reward\n\nYou\u2019ll need a standard licence if you\u2019re carrying other people\u2019s goods for hire or reward (such as working as a courier or freight transport business) and the vehicle and trailer combination exceeds the weight limits above for a single vehicle.\n\n## Types of licence\n\nThere are 3 different types of operator\u2019s licence for goods vehicles. The licence you need depends on where you transport goods to and from, and who you do it for.\n\n## Standard national licence\n\nThis licence means you can carry:\n\n- your own goods in the UK and internationally\n\n- other people\u2019s goods in the UK\n\nYou can also take loaded trailers to or from ports within the UK as part of an international journey, as long as your vehicles do not leave the country.\n\n## Standard international licence\n\nThis licence means you can carry your own goods, and other people\u2019s goods, both in the UK and on international journeys.\n\nAfter you get a standard international licence, you can also request the issue of a UK Licence for the Community. A UK Licence for the Community allows:\n\n- trips between all EU member countries\n\n- transit traffic through EU member countries\n\n- cabotage (a journey entirely within one EU country)\n\n## Restricted licence\n\nThis licence allows you to carry your own goods, but not other people\u2019s goods.\n\nYour licence will continue to be valid as long as you pay your continuation fee every 5 years and operate within the terms of your licence. You\u2019ll be contacted every 5 years to make sure that your licence shows the correct information.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you have any questions about vehicle licences.\n\n## Transport outside the EU\n\nContact the DVSA International Road Haulage Permits Office for help with applications for transport outside certain EU countries.\n\n## Apply for a licence\n\nThe goods vehicle operator licensing scheme is administered by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) on behalf of the traffic commissioners.\n\nThe rules and fees are different if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.\n\n## How to apply for a licence\n\nYou can apply for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence online.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to:\n\n- advertise your application for a licence\n\n- advertise your proposed operating centre(s)\n\n- designate a transport manager if you\u2019re applying for a standard licence\n\n- provide information about your financial situation\n\n- draw up a maintenance contract with a garage or agent to do safety inspections and repair vehicles if you do not do this yourself\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee to apply for a licence.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision on your application within:\n\n- 7 weeks if you apply online\n\n- 9 weeks if you apply by post\n\n## Apply for an interim licence\n\nIf you need a licence urgently, you can apply for an interim licence until you get your full licence.\n\nThe traffic commissioner will only consider issuing an interim licence on receipt of a complete application for an operator\u2019s licence.\n\n## What the traffic commissioners do\n\nThere are 8 traffic areas in Great Britain with a traffic commissioner responsible for each area. You\u2019ll need to hold a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence for each traffic area where you have an operating centre.\n\nTraffic commissioners are responsible in their area for:\n\n- licensing operators of Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs)\n\n- granting vocational licences\n\n- taking action against drivers of HGVs\n\nWhen necessary, they also hold public inquiries to consider:\n\n- the environmental suitability of HGV operating centres\n\n- applications for new licences\n\n- disciplinary action against operators who have broken the conditions of their licences\n\n## Fees for goods vehicle licences\n\nWhen applying for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence, you\u2019ll have to pay:\n\n- a one-off fee payable on application\n\n- a fee for the issue of a licence\n\n- a fee for the issue of an interim licence (if applicable)\n\nYou\u2019ll then have to pay a continuation fee every 5 years to keep your licence active.\n\n| Action | Fee |\n\n| Application for a licence | \u00a3257 |\n\n| Issue of a licence | \u00a3401 |\n\n| Continuation of a licence after 5 years | \u00a3401 |\n\n| Issue of an interim licence | \u00a368 |\n\n| Major change to a licence | \u00a3257 |\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay your fees:\n\n- online when you apply for a vehicle operator licence\n\n- by phone - call the DVSA Helpline on 0300 123 9000 to pay for the interim, issuing and continuation fees (find out about call charges)\n\n- by post - cheques should be made payable to \u2018DVSA\u2019 and sent to the following address\n\n## Operating centres\n\nYour operating centre is where your vehicles are normally kept when not in use. When you apply for an operator\u2019s licence, you\u2019ll be asked to give the address of your proposed centre(s) and information about the numbers of trailers and vehicles you will keep there.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that your operating centre:\n\n- is large enough\n\n- has safe access\n\n- is in an environmentally acceptable location\n\nIf you do not own the operating centre, you must show that you\u2019re allowed to use it.\n\n## Advertising your application for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence\n\nYou must advertise your application for a licence in a local newspaper and supply details of your proposed operating centre. This advertisement must appear at least once in the period from 21 days before to 21 days after you make your application, to give people the chance to object.\n\nYour application may be refused if you do not advertise the centre properly.\n\n## Objecting to an application for a goods vehicle operator licence\n\nLocal councils, planning authorities, police, trade associations, trade unions and other bodies may object to your application for a licence.\n\nObjections may be made on the grounds of:\n\n- your fitness to operate\n\n- your financial arrangements\n\n- your professional competence\n\n- the environmental impact of the operating centre\n\n- the general suitability of the centre\n\nYour operating centre will need to meet certain conditions and not interfere with any local amenities. Certain things will be taken into account, like:\n\n- its effect on the surrounding environment\n\n- planning permissions or applications relating to the centre or the land near it\n\n- the number, type and size of vehicles using the centre\n\n- where and how vehicles will park\n\n- how often and for what purpose the centre will be used\n\n## Maintaining your vehicles\n\nYou must keep your vehicles safe and in good condition at all times. You\u2019ll have to keep records of all safety inspections and maintenance that you or your maintenance contractor do for a minimum of 15 months.\n\n## Carrying out your own inspections and maintenance\n\nIf you carry out your own safety inspections and maintenance, you must keep records that include:\n\n- vehicle details\n\n- a list of all items to be inspected\n\n- when and by whom the inspection is carried out\n\n- the result of the inspection\n\n- details of any work carried out\n\n- a declaration that any defects have been properly fixed\n\n## Walkaround checks\n\nYou must make sure your drivers carry out a \u2018walkaround check\u2019 before driving a vehicle for the first time each day.\n\n## Using a maintenance provider\n\nIf you do not do this work yourself, you must provide the traffic commissioner with a copy of a contract with a maintenance provider. You\u2019re still responsible for the condition of your vehicles and trailers, even if they are maintained for you by someone else.\n\nRead the guidance to find out how to keep your vehicle in a roadworthy condition.\n\nThere are also specific roadworthiness checks for recovery vehicles and for horse boxes and trailers.\n\n## Employing or using drivers\n\nIf you employ or give work to drivers, you must check that they have the correct licence and training to drive goods vehicles.\n\nProfessional lorry drivers need to hold a Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (Driver CPC).\n\nIf you employ or give work to foreign drivers, you should make sure they understand the rules for driving in the UK. The Highways Agency has produced guides for foreign HGV drivers in 6 languages.\n\n## Make changes to your licence\n\nYou can make changes to your goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence once you have it, for example add more vehicles to it.\n\nYou can update your licence online.\n\nYou must apply by post if you want to transfer your operating centre to another operator. Download and fill in form GV72 - the address is on the form.\n\n## Order a replacement licence\n\nWrite to the Office of the Traffic Commissioner if you need to replace your licence.\n\n## What happens if you break the terms of your licence\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency carries out regular roadside vehicle checks and checks on operating centres. They then submit information to the independent traffic commissioners.\n\nYour vehicle may be prohibited or immobilised if a DVSA roadside check finds that:\n\n- it\u2019s been overloaded\n\n- it\u2019s unroadworthy\n\n- it breaks the rules on the transport of dangerous goods\n\n- a driver has broken drivers\u2019 hours regulations\n\nYour licence could be taken away, suspended or restricted by the traffic commissioner if you:\n\n- break any of the terms or conditions of your licence\n\n- do not meet health and safety conditions\n\n- are convicted of certain offences\n\n- are made bankrupt or (if the licence holder is a company) that company goes into liquidation, administration or receivership\n\n- use a place not listed on the licence as an operating centre\n\n- are given a prohibition notice by DVSA following an inspection\n\nThe traffic commissioner may decide to call you to a public inquiry to consider if any action against your licence is necessary.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence if your vehicle:\n\n- was first used before 1977, has an unladen weight of 1,525 kilograms or less and a maximum gross plated weight over 3,500 kilograms\n\n- is using public roads for less than 6 miles a week whilst moving between private premises belonging to the same person as the vehicle (if the vehicle\u2019s used for excavation or demolition it does not matter who it belongs to)\n\n- is being used on trade plates\n\n- is a passenger carrying vehicle\n\n## Categories of vehicles that are exempt\n\nSeveral types of vehicle do not need an operator\u2019s licence, including:\n\n- military vehicles\n\n- snow ploughs and gritters\n\n- emergency service vehicles (including those used by gas, electricity, water and telephone companies)\n\n- hearses\n\n- recovery vehicles (only if they\u2019re used exclusively for that purpose)\n\n- tractors and agricultural vehicles used in certain circumstances\n\nRead the guidance to find out more about the vehicle operator licensing system.\n\n## Categories of vehicles that are not exempt\n\nThese types of vehicles are never exempt:\n\n- mobile exhibition vehicles\n\n- catering vehicles\n\n- mobile shops\n\n- mobile medical screening vehicles\n\n- vehicles with fixed equipment carrying goods not strictly for use in connection with that equipment, or towing a trailer that\u2019s carrying goods", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence if your business uses goods vehicles above a certain weight.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You need a licence to carry goods in a lorry, van or other vehicle with either:

    ", + "
  • a gross plated weight (the maximum weight that the vehicle can have at any one time) of over 3,500 kilograms (kg)
    • ", + "
  • an unladen weight of more than 1,525 kg (where there is no plated weight)
    • ", + "

    There are 3 different types of licence - what you need depends on the work you do.

    ", + "

    You must also make sure that any drivers you use or employ have the correct licence and training. All vehicles that you use should be correctly taxed and kept safe and in good condition at all times.

    ", + "

    Some goods vehicles do not need an operator\u2019s licence - read more about the exemptions.

    ", + "

    Motor vehicles and trailers

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence for a motor vehicle and trailer combination if:

    ", + "
  • the motor vehicle and the trailer(s) are plated and the total of their gross plated weights is more than 3,500 kg
    • ", + "
  • the total unladen weight of the vehicle and trailer combination is more than 1,525 kg
    • ", + "

    You do not need an operator\u2019s licence if your trailer\u2019s unladen weight is less than 1,020 kg and you only carry your own goods.

    ", + "

    Carrying goods for hire or reward

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a standard licence if you\u2019re carrying other people\u2019s goods for hire or reward (such as working as a courier or freight transport business) and the vehicle and trailer combination exceeds the weight limits above for a single vehicle.

    ", + "

    Types of licence

    ", + "

    There are 3 different types of operator\u2019s licence for goods vehicles. The licence you need depends on where you transport goods to and from, and who you do it for.

    ", + "

    Standard national licence

    ", + "

    This licence means you can carry:

    ", + "
  • your own goods in the UK and internationally
    • ", + "
  • other people\u2019s goods in the UK
    • ", + "

    You can also take loaded trailers to or from ports within the UK as part of an international journey, as long as your vehicles do not leave the country.

    ", + "

    Standard international licence

    ", + "

    This licence means you can carry your own goods, and other people\u2019s goods, both in the UK and on international journeys.

    ", + "

    After you get a standard international licence, you can also request the issue of a UK Licence for the Community. A UK Licence for the Community allows:

    ", + "
  • trips between all EU member countries
    • ", + "
  • transit traffic through EU member countries
    • ", + "
  • cabotage (a journey entirely within one EU country)
    • ", + "

    Restricted licence

    ", + "

    This licence allows you to carry your own goods, but not other people\u2019s goods.

    ", + "

    Your licence will continue to be valid as long as you pay your continuation fee every 5 years and operate within the terms of your licence. You\u2019ll be contacted every 5 years to make sure that your licence shows the correct information.

    ", + "

    Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you have any questions about vehicle licences.

    ", + "

    Transport outside the EU

    ", + "

    Contact the DVSA International Road Haulage Permits Office for help with applications for transport outside certain EU countries.

    ", + "

    Apply for a licence

    ", + "

    The goods vehicle operator licensing scheme is administered by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) on behalf of the traffic commissioners.

    ", + "

    The rules and fees are different if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    How to apply for a licence

    ", + "

    You can apply for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to:

    ", + "
  • advertise your application for a licence
    • ", + "
  • advertise your proposed operating centre(s)
    • ", + "
  • designate a transport manager if you\u2019re applying for a standard licence
    • ", + "
  • provide information about your financial situation
    • ", + "
  • draw up a maintenance contract with a garage or agent to do safety inspections and repair vehicles if you do not do this yourself
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a fee to apply for a licence.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision on your application within:

    ", + "
  • 7 weeks if you apply online
    • ", + "
  • 9 weeks if you apply by post
    • ", + "

    Apply for an interim licence

    ", + "

    If you need a licence urgently, you can apply for an interim licence until you get your full licence.

    ", + "

    The traffic commissioner will only consider issuing an interim licence on receipt of a complete application for an operator\u2019s licence.

    ", + "

    What the traffic commissioners do

    ", + "

    There are 8 traffic areas in Great Britain with a traffic commissioner responsible for each area. You\u2019ll need to hold a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence for each traffic area where you have an operating centre.

    ", + "

    Traffic commissioners are responsible in their area for:

    ", + "
  • licensing operators of Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs)
    • ", + "
  • granting vocational licences
    • ", + "
  • taking action against drivers of HGVs
    • ", + "

    When necessary, they also hold public inquiries to consider:

    ", + "
  • the environmental suitability of HGV operating centres
    • ", + "
  • applications for new licences
    • ", + "
  • disciplinary action against operators who have broken the conditions of their licences
    • ", + "

    Fees for goods vehicle licences

    ", + "

    When applying for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence, you\u2019ll have to pay:

    ", + "
  • a one-off fee payable on application
    • ", + "
  • a fee for the issue of a licence
    • ", + "
  • a fee for the issue of an interim licence (if applicable)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll then have to pay a continuation fee every 5 years to keep your licence active.

    ", + "Action | Fee", + "Application for a licence | \u00a3257", + "Issue of a licence | \u00a3401", + "Continuation of a licence after 5 years | \u00a3401", + "Issue of an interim licence | \u00a368", + "Major change to a licence | \u00a3257", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You can pay your fees:

    ", + "
  • online when you apply for a vehicle operator licence
    • ", + "
  • by phone - call the DVSA Helpline on 0300 123 9000 to pay for the interim, issuing and continuation fees (find out about call charges)
    • ", + "
  • by post - cheques should be made payable to \u2018DVSA\u2019 and sent to the following address
    • ", + "

    Operating centres

    ", + "

    Your operating centre is where your vehicles are normally kept when not in use. When you apply for an operator\u2019s licence, you\u2019ll be asked to give the address of your proposed centre(s) and information about the numbers of trailers and vehicles you will keep there.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that your operating centre:

    ", + "
  • is large enough
    • ", + "
  • has safe access
    • ", + "
  • is in an environmentally acceptable location
    • ", + "

    If you do not own the operating centre, you must show that you\u2019re allowed to use it.

    ", + "

    Advertising your application for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence

    ", + "

    You must advertise your application for a licence in a local newspaper and supply details of your proposed operating centre. This advertisement must appear at least once in the period from 21 days before to 21 days after you make your application, to give people the chance to object.

    ", + "

    Your application may be refused if you do not advertise the centre properly.

    ", + "

    Objecting to an application for a goods vehicle operator licence

    ", + "

    Local councils, planning authorities, police, trade associations, trade unions and other bodies may object to your application for a licence.

    ", + "

    Objections may be made on the grounds of:

    ", + "
  • your fitness to operate
    • ", + "
  • your financial arrangements
    • ", + "
  • your professional competence
    • ", + "
  • the environmental impact of the operating centre
    • ", + "
  • the general suitability of the centre
    • ", + "

    Your operating centre will need to meet certain conditions and not interfere with any local amenities. Certain things will be taken into account, like:

    ", + "
  • its effect on the surrounding environment
    • ", + "
  • planning permissions or applications relating to the centre or the land near it
    • ", + "
  • the number, type and size of vehicles using the centre
    • ", + "
  • where and how vehicles will park
    • ", + "
  • how often and for what purpose the centre will be used
    • ", + "

    Maintaining your vehicles

    ", + "

    You must keep your vehicles safe and in good condition at all times. You\u2019ll have to keep records of all safety inspections and maintenance that you or your maintenance contractor do for a minimum of 15 months.

    ", + "

    Carrying out your own inspections and maintenance

    ", + "

    If you carry out your own safety inspections and maintenance, you must keep records that include:

    ", + "
  • vehicle details
    • ", + "
  • a list of all items to be inspected
    • ", + "
  • when and by whom the inspection is carried out
    • ", + "
  • the result of the inspection
    • ", + "
  • details of any work carried out
    • ", + "
  • a declaration that any defects have been properly fixed
    • ", + "

    Walkaround checks

    ", + "

    You must make sure your drivers carry out a \u2018walkaround check\u2019 before driving a vehicle for the first time each day.

    ", + "

    Using a maintenance provider

    ", + "

    If you do not do this work yourself, you must provide the traffic commissioner with a copy of a contract with a maintenance provider. You\u2019re still responsible for the condition of your vehicles and trailers, even if they are maintained for you by someone else.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to find out how to keep your vehicle in a roadworthy condition.

    ", + "

    There are also specific roadworthiness checks for recovery vehicles and for horse boxes and trailers.

    ", + "

    Employing or using drivers

    ", + "

    If you employ or give work to drivers, you must check that they have the correct licence and training to drive goods vehicles.

    ", + "

    Professional lorry drivers need to hold a Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (Driver CPC).

    ", + "

    If you employ or give work to foreign drivers, you should make sure they understand the rules for driving in the UK. The Highways Agency has produced guides for foreign HGV drivers in 6 languages.

    ", + "

    Make changes to your licence

    ", + "

    You can make changes to your goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence once you have it, for example add more vehicles to it.

    ", + "

    You can update your licence online.

    ", + "

    You must apply by post if you want to transfer your operating centre to another operator. Download and fill in form GV72 - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Order a replacement licence

    ", + "

    Write to the Office of the Traffic Commissioner if you need to replace your licence.

    ", + "

    What happens if you break the terms of your licence

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency carries out regular roadside vehicle checks and checks on operating centres. They then submit information to the independent traffic commissioners.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle may be prohibited or immobilised if a DVSA roadside check finds that:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s been overloaded
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s unroadworthy
    • ", + "
  • it breaks the rules on the transport of dangerous goods
    • ", + "
  • a driver has broken drivers\u2019 hours regulations
    • ", + "

    Your licence could be taken away, suspended or restricted by the traffic commissioner if you:

    ", + "
  • break any of the terms or conditions of your licence
    • ", + "
  • do not meet health and safety conditions
    • ", + "
  • are convicted of certain offences
    • ", + "
  • are made bankrupt or (if the licence holder is a company) that company goes into liquidation, administration or receivership
    • ", + "
  • use a place not listed on the licence as an operating centre
    • ", + "
  • are given a prohibition notice by DVSA following an inspection
    • ", + "

    The traffic commissioner may decide to call you to a public inquiry to consider if any action against your licence is necessary.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence if your vehicle:

    ", + "
  • was first used before 1977, has an unladen weight of 1,525 kilograms or less and a maximum gross plated weight over 3,500 kilograms
    • ", + "
  • is using public roads for less than 6 miles a week whilst moving between private premises belonging to the same person as the vehicle (if the vehicle\u2019s used for excavation or demolition it does not matter who it belongs to)
    • ", + "
  • is being used on trade plates
    • ", + "
  • is a passenger carrying vehicle
    • ", + "

    Categories of vehicles that are exempt

    ", + "

    Several types of vehicle do not need an operator\u2019s licence, including:

    ", + "
  • military vehicles
    • ", + "
  • snow ploughs and gritters
    • ", + "
  • emergency service vehicles (including those used by gas, electricity, water and telephone companies)
    • ", + "
  • hearses
    • ", + "
  • recovery vehicles (only if they\u2019re used exclusively for that purpose)
    • ", + "
  • tractors and agricultural vehicles used in certain circumstances
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance to find out more about the vehicle operator licensing system.

    ", + "

    Categories of vehicles that are not exempt

    ", + "

    These types of vehicles are never exempt:

    ", + "
  • mobile exhibition vehicles
    • ", + "
  • catering vehicles
    • ", + "
  • mobile shops
    • ", + "
  • mobile medical screening vehicles
    • ", + "
  • vehicles with fixed equipment carrying goods not strictly for use in connection with that equipment, or towing a trailer that\u2019s carrying goods
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/permission-to-supply-a-large-goods-trailer-for-use-on-the-road": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permission-to-supply-a-large-goods-trailer-for-use-on-the-road", + "title": "Supply a large goods trailer for use on the road", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for permission if you supply large goods trailers for use on the road.\n\nThis is called a \u2018letter of consent\u2019 and applies to \u2018final suppliers\u2019.\n\nYou need a letter of consent if your trailer:\n\n- is for carrying goods and weighs more than 1020kg when it\u2019s not carrying any goods or other items (known as \u2018unladen weight\u2019)\n\n- is a semi-trailer\n\nYou do not need a letter of consent if your trailer is listed in Schedule 2 of the Goods Vehicle (Plating and Testing) Regulations.\n\n## Who needs permission\n\nYou need to get permission if you\u2019re a \u2018final supplier\u2019 of trailers. Final suppliers are:\n\n- trailer manufacturers\n\n- trailer dealers\n\n- importers of new trailers\n\nIf you\u2019re a dealer or importer, you only have to get permission if it has not already been obtained, for example if the trailer was built abroad and the manufacturer did not apply.\n\nWhen you need to get permission depends on when the trailer was put into service in the UK.\n\n| Type of trailer | When you need permission |\n\n| Trailers manufactured in a single stage | From 29 October 2012 |\n\n| Trailers manufactured in multiple stages | From 29 October 2013 |\n\n| Special purpose trailers | From 29 October 2014 |\n\nSpecial purpose trailers include some trailer caravans, boat launching trailers, gritters and towed machinery. Check if your trailer is \u2018special purpose\u2019 by calling the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) helpline.\n\nIt\u2019s an offence to supply or use these trailers without getting permission first and you could be fined.\n\nIf you\u2019re an operator using large goods trailers on the road supplied after the dates above, you do not need to get permission - it should already have been given.\n\nYou can check this by calling the DVSA helpline.\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply using form TES1.\n\nYou might also need to send evidence of vehicle approval depending on when the trailer was manufactured.\n\n| | Manufacture date | Evidence of approval needed |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in single and multiple stages | Up to and including 29 July 2012 | No |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in a single stage | After 29 July 2012 | Yes |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2012 up to and including 29 July 2013 | Partial (at least one element of approval) |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2013 | Yes |\n\n| Special Purpose trailers manufactured in a single stage | After 29 July 2012 | Yes |\n\n| Special Purpose trailers manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2013 | Yes |\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) accepts the following evidence of vehicle approval:\n\n- a European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval (ECWVTA) Certificate of Conformity (CoC)\n\n- a UK National Small Series Type Approval (NSSTA) CoC\n\n- a UK Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) certificate\n\nMore details are in the guidance notes. There is an additional form if you want to apply for consent of multiple trailers.\n\nYou can also get the form and notes from the DVSA helpline:\n\nSend the form and your supporting documents to:\n\n## Apply for a trailer identification number\n\nYou can apply for a trailer identification number (also known as a ministry number) to add to your trailer while it\u2019s still being built.\n\nDo this by submitting the vehicle identification number (VIN) using form TES 2.\n\n## After you apply\n\nOnce DVSA has received your application and confirmed that you meet the requirements you\u2019ll get a \u2018letter of consent to supply\u2019.\n\nIf applicable, you\u2019ll also get ministry plates, provided your approval documents and application give enough technical information.\n\nIf your application is rejected, DVSA will send you a letter explaining the reasons why.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for permission if you supply large goods trailers for use on the road.

    ", + "

    This is called a \u2018letter of consent\u2019 and applies to \u2018final suppliers\u2019.

    ", + "

    You need a letter of consent if your trailer:

    ", + "
  • is for carrying goods and weighs more than 1020kg when it\u2019s not carrying any goods or other items (known as \u2018unladen weight\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • is a semi-trailer
    • ", + "

    You do not need a letter of consent if your trailer is listed in Schedule 2 of the Goods Vehicle (Plating and Testing) Regulations.

    ", + "

    Who needs permission

    ", + "

    You need to get permission if you\u2019re a \u2018final supplier\u2019 of trailers. Final suppliers are:

    ", + "
  • trailer manufacturers
    • ", + "
  • trailer dealers
    • ", + "
  • importers of new trailers
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a dealer or importer, you only have to get permission if it has not already been obtained, for example if the trailer was built abroad and the manufacturer did not apply.

    ", + "

    When you need to get permission depends on when the trailer was put into service in the UK.

    ", + "Type of trailer | When you need permission", + "Trailers manufactured in a single stage | From 29 October 2012", + "Trailers manufactured in multiple stages | From 29 October 2013", + "Special purpose trailers | From 29 October 2014", + "

    Special purpose trailers include some trailer caravans, boat launching trailers, gritters and towed machinery. Check if your trailer is \u2018special purpose\u2019 by calling the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) helpline.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s an offence to supply or use these trailers without getting permission first and you could be fined.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an operator using large goods trailers on the road supplied after the dates above, you do not need to get permission - it should already have been given.

    ", + "

    You can check this by calling the DVSA helpline.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Apply using form TES1.

    ", + "

    You might also need to send evidence of vehicle approval depending on when the trailer was manufactured.

    ", + " | Manufacture date | Evidence of approval needed", + "Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in single and multiple stages | Up to and including 29 July 2012 | No", + "Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in a single stage | After 29 July 2012 | Yes", + "Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2012 up to and including 29 July 2013 | Partial (at least one element of approval)", + "Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2013 | Yes", + "Special Purpose trailers manufactured in a single stage | After 29 July 2012 | Yes", + "Special Purpose trailers manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2013 | Yes", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) accepts the following evidence of vehicle approval:

    ", + "
  • a European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval (ECWVTA) Certificate of Conformity (CoC)
    • ", + "
  • a UK National Small Series Type Approval (NSSTA) CoC
    • ", + "
  • a UK Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) certificate
    • ", + "

    More details are in the guidance notes. There is an additional form if you want to apply for consent of multiple trailers.

    ", + "

    You can also get the form and notes from the DVSA helpline:

    ", + "

    Send the form and your supporting documents to:

    ", + "

    Apply for a trailer identification number

    ", + "

    You can apply for a trailer identification number (also known as a ministry number) to add to your trailer while it\u2019s still being built.

    ", + "

    Do this by submitting the vehicle identification number (VIN) using form TES 2.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    Once DVSA has received your application and confirmed that you meet the requirements you\u2019ll get a \u2018letter of consent to supply\u2019.

    ", + "

    If applicable, you\u2019ll also get ministry plates, provided your approval documents and application give enough technical information.

    ", + "

    If your application is rejected, DVSA will send you a letter explaining the reasons why.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/esdal-and-abnormal-loads": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/esdal-and-abnormal-loads", + "title": "Transporting abnormal loads", + "content": "## Abnormal loads\n\nAn \u2018abnormal load\u2019 is a vehicle that has any of the following:\n\n- a weight of more than 44,000kg\n\n- an axle load of more than 10,000kg for a single non-driving axle and 11,500kg for a single driving axle\n\n- a width of more than 2.9 metres\n\n- a rigid length of more than 18.65 metres\n\nOther measurements may apply if you\u2019re transporting a load abroad.\n\nIf you\u2019re responsible for transporting an abnormal load, you need to follow regulations for notifying the authorities.\n\n## Notifying the authorities\n\nDepending on the load you\u2019re moving and your route, you may need to give advance warning to:\n\n- the police\n\n- highway authorities\n\n- bridge and structure owners like Network Rail\n\nYou can use Highways England\u2019s electronic service delivery for abnormal loads (ESDAL) to:\n\n- plot your route\n\n- notify the police, highways and bridge authorities of your abnormal load movements around the road network\n\n- get advance notice of any possible route problems\n\n- save vehicle details and routes for future use\n\nIf you do not use ESDAL you must fill in an abnormal loads movement application form.\n\n## Give advance notice\n\nYou must allow time to get the necessary clearances from the police, highway and bridge authorities. For example, a Special Order application must be completed 10 weeks before the scheduled date of the move.\n\nRead the factsheet for notice requirements.\n\n## Taking an abnormal load abroad\n\nIf you\u2019re taking an abnormal load outside the UK, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- register your trailer\n\n- get an abnormal load trailer keeper\u2019s certificate\n\n## Check if a load is abnormal in another country\n\nSome countries measure abnormal loads differently from the UK.\n\nCheck with each country you\u2019re travelling through to find out if the load you\u2019re transporting counts as abnormal - if it does, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- get an abnormal load trailer keeper\u2019s certificate\n\n- keep the certificate in your vehicle - you\u2019ll need to show it at the border", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Abnormal loads

    ", + "

    An \u2018abnormal load\u2019 is a vehicle that has any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a weight of more than 44,000kg
    • ", + "
  • an axle load of more than 10,000kg for a single non-driving axle and 11,500kg for a single driving axle
    • ", + "
  • a width of more than 2.9 metres
    • ", + "
  • a rigid length of more than 18.65 metres
    • ", + "

    Other measurements may apply if you\u2019re transporting a load abroad.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re responsible for transporting an abnormal load, you need to follow regulations for notifying the authorities.

    ", + "

    Notifying the authorities

    ", + "

    Depending on the load you\u2019re moving and your route, you may need to give advance warning to:

    ", + "
  • the police
    • ", + "
  • highway authorities
    • ", + "
  • bridge and structure owners like Network Rail
    • ", + "

    You can use Highways England\u2019s electronic service delivery for abnormal loads (ESDAL) to:

    ", + "
  • plot your route
    • ", + "
  • notify the police, highways and bridge authorities of your abnormal load movements around the road network
    • ", + "
  • get advance notice of any possible route problems
    • ", + "
  • save vehicle details and routes for future use
    • ", + "

    If you do not use ESDAL you must fill in an abnormal loads movement application form.

    ", + "

    Give advance notice

    ", + "

    You must allow time to get the necessary clearances from the police, highway and bridge authorities. For example, a Special Order application must be completed 10 weeks before the scheduled date of the move.

    ", + "

    Read the factsheet for notice requirements.

    ", + "

    Taking an abnormal load abroad

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking an abnormal load outside the UK, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • register your trailer
    • ", + "
  • get an abnormal load trailer keeper\u2019s certificate
    • ", + "

    Check if a load is abnormal in another country

    ", + "

    Some countries measure abnormal loads differently from the UK.

    ", + "

    Check with each country you\u2019re travelling through to find out if the load you\u2019re transporting counts as abnormal - if it does, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • get an abnormal load trailer keeper\u2019s certificate
    • ", + "
  • keep the certificate in your vehicle - you\u2019ll need to show it at the border
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/psv-operator-licences": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/psv-operator-licences", + "title": "PSV (Public Service Vehicle) operator licences", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou need a public service vehicle (PSV) operator\u2019s licence to:\n\n- operate a vehicle for hire or reward (payment or payment in kind) that can carry 9 or more passengers\n\n- operate a smaller vehicle carrying passengers and charging separate fares for the journey\n\nRead PSV437, PSV operator licensing: a guide for operators.\n\n## Types of PSV licence\n\nThere are 4 types of PSV operator licences, plus special licensing rules in London.\n\n## Standard licence - national operations only\n\nYou can only operate in Great Britain if you apply for a standard licence. Most full-time commercial operators use standard licences.\n\n## Standard licence - national and international operations\n\nThis kind of licence lets you take passengers abroad as well as within Great Britain.\n\n## Restricted licence\n\nYou can only apply for a restricted licence for small-scale operations. They allow you to use 1 or 2 vehicles, and neither can carry more than 8 passengers.\n\nYou can carry up to 16 passengers in either vehicle if you do not use it as part of a passenger transport business, or you\u2019re operating your vehicles as a sideline and not as your main job.\n\n## Special restricted licence\n\nSpecial restricted licences are used to operate a licensed taxi on a local service. You can only apply for this licence if you\u2019re a licensed taxi operator. A local service is one where:\n\n- stops are no more than 24.15 kilometres (15 miles) apart\n\n- at least one stop is within the area of the district council that issued your taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV) licence\n\nThe service must be registered with the local Traffic Commissioner.\n\n## Licensing in London\n\nYou\u2019ll need a London Service Permit to run a private bus or coach service in London.\n\nTaxis and private hire services in London are licensed by Transport for London (TfL).\n\n## How to apply for a PSV licence\n\nYou can apply for a PSV operator\u2019s licence online. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 7 weeks.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to operate a vehicle before your licence has been issued.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your licence it will not have an expiry date, but you\u2019ll be asked to confirm your details every 5 years. The Traffic Commissioner\u2019s Office will get in touch with you to check them. You\u2019ll need to pay a continuation fee if you\u2019ve got a special restricted (taxi) licence.\n\nThe Traffic Commissioner can suspend or revoke your licence if they suspect you\u2019ve been breaking its terms.\n\nYou must also tell the Traffic Commissioner if your circumstances change.\n\n## Fees\n\n| Type of licence | Fees |\n\n| Application for a standard licence | \u00a3209 |\n\n| Application for a restricted licence | \u00a3209 |\n\n| Application for a special restricted (taxi) licence | \u00a361 |\n\n| Continuation fee for a special restricted (taxi) licence (payable every 5 years) | \u00a361 |\n\n| Make changes to a licence | \u00a3122 |\n\n## Ways you can pay\n\nPay for your licence online, by phone or by post.\n\n## Paying online\n\nYou can pay any application or licence fees when you apply for a vehicle operator licence online.\n\n## Paying by phone\n\nYou can pay by phone by calling the DVSA helpline.\n\n## Paying by post\n\nSend a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVSA\u2019 to the Central Licensing Office.\n\n## Making changes to your PSV licence\n\nYou can make changes to your PSV operator\u2019s licence once you have it, for example add more vehicles to it.\n\nYou can update your licence online.\n\nYou can make most changes to your licence for free. You must pay \u00a3122 if you want to:\n\n- increase the vehicle limit on your licence\n\n- upgrade your licence from standard national to standard international and increase the vehicle limit at the same time\n\n## Changes of circumstance\n\nYou must tell the Traffic Commissioner within 28 days if:\n\n- there\u2019s any change to the correspondence address of the business\n\n- there\u2019s any change to the establishment address (standard licences only)\n\n- there\u2019s any change in the address of your operating centres\n\n- there\u2019s any change in the trading name of the business\n\n- any of the persons named on the licence have died - you may need a new licence\n\n- there\u2019s been a change of partners if it\u2019s a partnership firm - you may need a new licence\n\n- there\u2019s been a change of transport managers\n\n- you, your transport manager, officers employees or agents have any relevant convictions\n\n- there\u2019s been any other change that the Traffic Commissioner asked you to report as a condition of getting your licence\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to tell the Traffic Commissioner if there\u2019s been a change in the \u2018legal entity\u2019 of your business, for example if:\n\n- your company changes from being a sole trader or partnership to a limited company\n\n- there\u2019s been a change in your registered company number\n\n- there\u2019s been a change of directors or change in share holding\n\nSend details of any changes to the Office of the Traffic Commissioner\u2019s Central Licensing Office at the DVSA.\n\n## Appealing a decision\n\nYou can appeal if your application for a PSV operator licence is refused.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send a written notice of appeal to the Upper Tribunal, Administrative Appeals Chamber. There is no fee.\n\nYour notice of appeal needs to be received within one month of the Traffic Commissioner\u2019s decision.\n\n## Guidance on making an appeal\n\nDownload detailed Tribunals Service guidance on making an appeal.\n\n## Appealing an Upper Tribunal decision\n\nIf your appeal is unsuccessful and you think that the decision is wrong, you can appeal to the Court of Appeal (England and Wales) or the Court of Session (Scotland).\n\nYou must have permission from the Upper Tribunal, or if the Upper Tribunal refuses, from the Court.\n\nYour application for permission to appeal must be received within 1 month of the original appeal decision.\n\nDownload detailed guidance about appealing an Upper Tribunal decision.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need a public service vehicle (PSV) operator\u2019s licence to:

    ", + "
  • operate a vehicle for hire or reward (payment or payment in kind) that can carry 9 or more passengers
    • ", + "
  • operate a smaller vehicle carrying passengers and charging separate fares for the journey
    • ", + "

    Read PSV437, PSV operator licensing: a guide for operators.

    ", + "

    Types of PSV licence

    ", + "

    There are 4 types of PSV operator licences, plus special licensing rules in London.

    ", + "

    Standard licence - national operations only

    ", + "

    You can only operate in Great Britain if you apply for a standard licence. Most full-time commercial operators use standard licences.

    ", + "

    Standard licence - national and international operations

    ", + "

    This kind of licence lets you take passengers abroad as well as within Great Britain.

    ", + "

    Restricted licence

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a restricted licence for small-scale operations. They allow you to use 1 or 2 vehicles, and neither can carry more than 8 passengers.

    ", + "

    You can carry up to 16 passengers in either vehicle if you do not use it as part of a passenger transport business, or you\u2019re operating your vehicles as a sideline and not as your main job.

    ", + "

    Special restricted licence

    ", + "

    Special restricted licences are used to operate a licensed taxi on a local service. You can only apply for this licence if you\u2019re a licensed taxi operator. A local service is one where:

    ", + "
  • stops are no more than 24.15 kilometres (15 miles) apart
    • ", + "
  • at least one stop is within the area of the district council that issued your taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV) licence
    • ", + "

    The service must be registered with the local Traffic Commissioner.

    ", + "

    Licensing in London

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a London Service Permit to run a private bus or coach service in London.

    ", + "

    Taxis and private hire services in London are licensed by Transport for London (TfL).

    ", + "

    How to apply for a PSV licence

    ", + "

    You can apply for a PSV operator\u2019s licence online. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 7 weeks.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to operate a vehicle before your licence has been issued.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your licence it will not have an expiry date, but you\u2019ll be asked to confirm your details every 5 years. The Traffic Commissioner\u2019s Office will get in touch with you to check them. You\u2019ll need to pay a continuation fee if you\u2019ve got a special restricted (taxi) licence.

    ", + "

    The Traffic Commissioner can suspend or revoke your licence if they suspect you\u2019ve been breaking its terms.

    ", + "

    You must also tell the Traffic Commissioner if your circumstances change.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "Type of licence | Fees", + "Application for a standard licence | \u00a3209", + "Application for a restricted licence | \u00a3209", + "Application for a special restricted (taxi) licence | \u00a361", + "Continuation fee for a special restricted (taxi) licence (payable every 5 years) | \u00a361", + "Make changes to a licence | \u00a3122", + "

    Ways you can pay

    ", + "

    Pay for your licence online, by phone or by post.

    ", + "

    Paying online

    ", + "

    You can pay any application or licence fees when you apply for a vehicle operator licence online.

    ", + "

    Paying by phone

    ", + "

    You can pay by phone by calling the DVSA helpline.

    ", + "

    Paying by post

    ", + "

    Send a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVSA\u2019 to the Central Licensing Office.

    ", + "

    Making changes to your PSV licence

    ", + "

    You can make changes to your PSV operator\u2019s licence once you have it, for example add more vehicles to it.

    ", + "

    You can update your licence online.

    ", + "

    You can make most changes to your licence for free. You must pay \u00a3122 if you want to:

    ", + "
  • increase the vehicle limit on your licence
    • ", + "
  • upgrade your licence from standard national to standard international and increase the vehicle limit at the same time
    • ", + "

    Changes of circumstance

    ", + "

    You must tell the Traffic Commissioner within 28 days if:

    ", + "
  • there\u2019s any change to the correspondence address of the business
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s any change to the establishment address (standard licences only)
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s any change in the address of your operating centres
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s any change in the trading name of the business
    • ", + "
  • any of the persons named on the licence have died - you may need a new licence
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s been a change of partners if it\u2019s a partnership firm - you may need a new licence
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s been a change of transport managers
    • ", + "
  • you, your transport manager, officers employees or agents have any relevant convictions
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s been any other change that the Traffic Commissioner asked you to report as a condition of getting your licence
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to tell the Traffic Commissioner if there\u2019s been a change in the \u2018legal entity\u2019 of your business, for example if:

    ", + "
  • your company changes from being a sole trader or partnership to a limited company
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s been a change in your registered company number
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s been a change of directors or change in share holding
    • ", + "

    Send details of any changes to the Office of the Traffic Commissioner\u2019s Central Licensing Office at the DVSA.

    ", + "

    Appealing a decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal if your application for a PSV operator licence is refused.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send a written notice of appeal to the Upper Tribunal, Administrative Appeals Chamber. There is no fee.

    ", + "

    Your notice of appeal needs to be received within one month of the Traffic Commissioner\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Guidance on making an appeal

    ", + "

    Download detailed Tribunals Service guidance on making an appeal.

    ", + "

    Appealing an Upper Tribunal decision

    ", + "

    If your appeal is unsuccessful and you think that the decision is wrong, you can appeal to the Court of Appeal (England and Wales) or the Court of Session (Scotland).

    ", + "

    You must have permission from the Upper Tribunal, or if the Upper Tribunal refuses, from the Court.

    ", + "

    Your application for permission to appeal must be received within 1 month of the original appeal decision.

    ", + "

    Download detailed guidance about appealing an Upper Tribunal decision.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/run-local-bus-service": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/run-local-bus-service", + "title": "Run a local bus service", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA local bus service uses public service vehicles (PSVs) to carry passengers who pay separate fares over short distances.\n\nThe route can be any length, as long as passengers can get off within 15 miles (measured in a straight line) of where they got on.\n\nYou must usually register with the local authority and the local traffic commissioner if you\u2019re operating a local service outside London - there are some exceptions.\n\nYou need a London Service Permit to run a service in London.\n\n## Who can register\n\nYou can register a local bus service if you:\n\n- hold a valid PSV operator\u2019s licence\n\n- hold a community bus permit\n\n- are a local education authority and want to provide a local service using a school bus belonging to you\n\nTaxi or private hire vehicle owners can also register by getting a special PSV operator\u2019s licence.\n\n## Before you register\n\nBefore registering a local bus service you should consider if:\n\n- your route is suitable\n\n- you have the right sort of vehicles\n\n- you can keep to the timetable given the traffic conditions on route\n\n- you have enough drivers to cover absences though sicknesses, holidays, etc\n\n- you have replacement vehicles if other vehicles are off-road\n\n- there are any traffic regulation conditions \u2013 contact your local traffic area office\n\n- a Quality Partnership or Quality Contract Scheme exists - contact your local transport authority\n\nYou must run the service just as you have registered it, even if staff members are ill or a vehicle is off the road. There are penalties if you do not.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re starting a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\nApply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service starts - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.\n\nThis notice period begins on the day when the traffic commissioner accepts your application.\n\nHolders of a \u2018Section 22\u2019 community bus permit must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice in England and Wales, and 56 days in Scotland.\n\nIf you want to start the service sooner you must complete a supplementary form. The traffic commissioner decides whether or not to agree to this.\n\nIf you\u2019re planning a service in Strathclyde, you must also give notice to the Strathclyde Partnership for Transport 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a360 to register a local bus service\n\n- \u00a313 to register a community bus service\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can register through the electronic bus service registration (EBSR) system. Telephone the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) helpline for information on how to do this.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nPrint off and fill in the application form for the type of service you want to run:\n\n- PSV350 - application to register a bus service (England, Wales and Scotland)\n\n- Application to register a local bus service with a flexible route\n\n- PSV350A - supplementary form: application to start, change or cancel a registered bus service with less than 56 days\u2019 notice (England, Wales and Scotland)\n\n## Where to send the form\n\nSend the form and fees to:\n\n- Central Licensing Office - for England and Wales (except London)\n\n- Office of the Traffic Commissioner \u2013 for Scotland\n\n## Other people you must tell\n\nYou must also send copies to:\n\n- all councils your route passes through - for example the county council, shire council, unitary authority\n\n- the relevant Passenger Transport Executive if there is one\n\n## Getting help\n\nRead the following guides for more information on:\n\n- local bus service registration: guide for operators (England, Scotland and Wales)\n\n- the registration of flexibly routed local bus services: guide for operators\n\n## Change or cancel a bus service\n\nApply to the local authority and the traffic commissioner if you want to:\n\n- change a timetable, route or other detail of your service\n\n- cancel the service\n\nYou must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re changing or cancelling a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\nApply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service changes or stops - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.\n\nHolders of a section 22 community bus permit must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice in England and Wales, and 56 days in Scotland.\n\nIf you want to make the changes or cancel the service sooner, you must fill in a supplementary form (England, Scotland or Wales). The traffic commissioner decides whether or not to agree to this.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a360 to change a local bus service\n\n- \u00a313 to change a community bus service\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for a cancellation.\n\n## Application and supplementary forms\n\nPrint off and fill in the application and supplementary forms to:\n\n- change or cancel a registered bus service (England, Scotland or Wales)\n\n- change or cancel a registered bus service with less than 56 days notice (England, Scotland or Wales)\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not have to register a bus service if all of the following apply:\n\n- someone other than you or your agent is responsible for arranging the journey and bringing the passengers together\n\n- the journey is not advertised in advance to the general public\n\n- all passengers travel together to or from the same place - for example a school or factory\n\n- passengers pay the same fare no matter how far they travel\n\n## School or college bus services\n\nIf you operate a bus service provided by a local education authority in England or Wales, you may not have to register it.\n\nYou do not need to register a service if the only passengers who pay fares are either:\n\n- studying at a school or college\n\n- supervising pupils or students\n\n- teachers or assistants working at the school or college\n\nIf other people can also use the service, it must be registered.\n\n## Other exemptions\n\nYou do not need to register:\n\n- a replacement bus service (for example when a train service is temporarily cancelled and a bus is used instead) provided under an agreement with the Secretary of State, the Scottish Ministers or the National Assembly for Wales\n\n- excursions or tours - unless they operate once a week or more for at least 6 weeks in a row\n\nAn excursion or tour is where passengers travel together on a journey, with or without breaks, from one or more places to one or more places and back.\n\n## Traffic regulation conditions\n\nThe local council can ask the traffic commissioner to impose conditions on your licence. The traffic commissioner will decide if conditions are needed to:\n\n- prevent dangers to other road users\n\n- reduce traffic congestion\n\n- limit environmental pollution\n\nThe conditions could affect:\n\n- your bus routes\n\n- where you can stop\n\n- when you can stop and for how long\n\n- where you can turn or reverse\n\n- the number of vehicles, their type or their frequency\n\nIn some cases the conditions will start straight away.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if conditions have been imposed and they\u2019ll be added to your licence.\n\n## You cannot meet the conditions\n\nYou must change the registration within 28 days if you cannot run your service under the conditions. You will not have to pay a fee if you change the registration because of these conditions. You must meet the conditions until the change of registration takes effect.\n\n## You disagree with the conditions\n\nYou can ask for a public inquiry within 28 days if you disagree with the traffic commissioner\u2019s decision.\n\nIt\u2019s against the law to disobey traffic regulation conditions.\n\n## Penalties for poor service\n\nOnce you have registered your service you must run it:\n\n- at the times you\u2019ve said it would run\n\n- along the route you\u2019ve registered\n\n## Penalties\n\nIf you do not run a reliable or punctual service the traffic commissioner can stop you from running the service - or even running any services at all.\n\nThe traffic commissioner can also fine you. The size of the fine is based on the number of vehicles you\u2019re licensed to use.\n\nIf you provide the local bus service in England and Wales, you may also have to:\n\n- spend money on providing or improving local services or facilities\n\n- compensate passengers\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you disagree with the traffic commissioner\u2019s decision.\n\nRead more about the standards for local bus services and how traffic commissioners expect you to operate.\n\n## Register a bus service in London\n\nTo run a bus service in London you must have a London Service Permit. Permits last for 5 years and you must normally apply at least 3 months before starting the service.\n\nYou can apply for a shorter period of notice if Transport for London (TfL) agrees.\n\n## Concessionary fares\n\nYou may be eligible to take part in a concessionary fare scheme. This reimburses you for carrying passengers who get discounted travel, such as:\n\n- older people\n\n- disabled people\n\n- children\n\nContact your local council for more information on taking part.\n\nSome councils offer a voluntary membership scheme for operators. Others have a compulsory scheme.\n\n## Find out more\n\nFind out more about concessionary fare schemes for:\n\n- England\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n## Grants for local bus services\n\nYou might qualify for the Bus Service Operator\u2019s Grant (in England or Scotland) or the Regional Transport Services Grant (in Wales) if you provide a service where:\n\n- at least half the seats are available to and regularly used by the general public\n\n- stops on the route are in places that people are likely to use reasonably often - fixed bus stops or otherwise\n\n- single journey fares are reasonably priced\n\n- fares can be paid conveniently\n\n- the bus does not have signs or any other indication that it\u2019s not available to the general public\n\n- information about the service, its route and timetable is accessible to the general public\n\n- advance bookings of flexible services do not deter people who want to make a single journey\n\nThere are slightly different conditions if your bus service is intended for transporting pupils, people with disabilities or elderly people.\n\nRead more about the Bus Service Operator\u2019s Grant (England and Scotland).\n\n## How to apply\n\nContact the helpline for your area.\n\n## England\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\nThe grant is administered through the Regional Transport Consortia:", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A local bus service uses public service vehicles (PSVs) to carry passengers who pay separate fares over short distances.

    ", + "

    The route can be any length, as long as passengers can get off within 15 miles (measured in a straight line) of where they got on.

    ", + "

    You must usually register with the local authority and the local traffic commissioner if you\u2019re operating a local service outside London - there are some exceptions.

    ", + "

    You need a London Service Permit to run a service in London.

    ", + "

    Who can register

    ", + "

    You can register a local bus service if you:

    ", + "
  • hold a valid PSV operator\u2019s licence
    • ", + "
  • hold a community bus permit
    • ", + "
  • are a local education authority and want to provide a local service using a school bus belonging to you
    • ", + "

    Taxi or private hire vehicle owners can also register by getting a special PSV operator\u2019s licence.

    ", + "

    Before you register

    ", + "

    Before registering a local bus service you should consider if:

    ", + "
  • your route is suitable
    • ", + "
  • you have the right sort of vehicles
    • ", + "
  • you can keep to the timetable given the traffic conditions on route
    • ", + "
  • you have enough drivers to cover absences though sicknesses, holidays, etc
    • ", + "
  • you have replacement vehicles if other vehicles are off-road
    • ", + "
  • there are any traffic regulation conditions \u2013 contact your local traffic area office
    • ", + "
  • a Quality Partnership or Quality Contract Scheme exists - contact your local transport authority
    • ", + "

    You must run the service just as you have registered it, even if staff members are ill or a vehicle is off the road. There are penalties if you do not.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    You must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re starting a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.

    ", + "

    Apply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service starts - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.

    ", + "

    This notice period begins on the day when the traffic commissioner accepts your application.

    ", + "

    Holders of a \u2018Section 22\u2019 community bus permit must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice in England and Wales, and 56 days in Scotland.

    ", + "

    If you want to start the service sooner you must complete a supplementary form. The traffic commissioner decides whether or not to agree to this.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re planning a service in Strathclyde, you must also give notice to the Strathclyde Partnership for Transport 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a360 to register a local bus service
    • ", + "
  • \u00a313 to register a community bus service
    • ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can register through the electronic bus service registration (EBSR) system. Telephone the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) helpline for information on how to do this.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    Print off and fill in the application form for the type of service you want to run:

    ", + "
  • PSV350 - application to register a bus service (England, Wales and Scotland)
    • ", + "
  • Application to register a local bus service with a flexible route
    • ", + "
  • PSV350A - supplementary form: application to start, change or cancel a registered bus service with less than 56 days\u2019 notice (England, Wales and Scotland)
    • ", + "

    Where to send the form

    ", + "

    Send the form and fees to:

    ", + "
  • Central Licensing Office - for England and Wales (except London)
    • ", + "
  • Office of the Traffic Commissioner \u2013 for Scotland
    • ", + "

    Other people you must tell

    ", + "

    You must also send copies to:

    ", + "
  • all councils your route passes through - for example the county council, shire council, unitary authority
    • ", + "
  • the relevant Passenger Transport Executive if there is one
    • ", + "

    Getting help

    ", + "

    Read the following guides for more information on:

    ", + "
  • local bus service registration: guide for operators (England, Scotland and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • the registration of flexibly routed local bus services: guide for operators
    • ", + "

    Change or cancel a bus service

    ", + "

    Apply to the local authority and the traffic commissioner if you want to:

    ", + "
  • change a timetable, route or other detail of your service
    • ", + "
  • cancel the service
    • ", + "

    You must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re changing or cancelling a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.

    ", + "

    Apply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service changes or stops - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.

    ", + "

    Holders of a section 22 community bus permit must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice in England and Wales, and 56 days in Scotland.

    ", + "

    If you want to make the changes or cancel the service sooner, you must fill in a supplementary form (England, Scotland or Wales). The traffic commissioner decides whether or not to agree to this.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a360 to change a local bus service
    • ", + "
  • \u00a313 to change a community bus service
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for a cancellation.

    ", + "

    Application and supplementary forms

    ", + "

    Print off and fill in the application and supplementary forms to:

    ", + "
  • change or cancel a registered bus service (England, Scotland or Wales)
    • ", + "
  • change or cancel a registered bus service with less than 56 days notice (England, Scotland or Wales)
    • ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not have to register a bus service if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • someone other than you or your agent is responsible for arranging the journey and bringing the passengers together
    • ", + "
  • the journey is not advertised in advance to the general public
    • ", + "
  • all passengers travel together to or from the same place - for example a school or factory
    • ", + "
  • passengers pay the same fare no matter how far they travel
    • ", + "

    School or college bus services

    ", + "

    If you operate a bus service provided by a local education authority in England or Wales, you may not have to register it.

    ", + "

    You do not need to register a service if the only passengers who pay fares are either:

    ", + "
  • studying at a school or college
    • ", + "
  • supervising pupils or students
    • ", + "
  • teachers or assistants working at the school or college
    • ", + "

    If other people can also use the service, it must be registered.

    ", + "

    Other exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not need to register:

    ", + "
  • a replacement bus service (for example when a train service is temporarily cancelled and a bus is used instead) provided under an agreement with the Secretary of State, the Scottish Ministers or the National Assembly for Wales
    • ", + "
  • excursions or tours - unless they operate once a week or more for at least 6 weeks in a row
    • ", + "

    An excursion or tour is where passengers travel together on a journey, with or without breaks, from one or more places to one or more places and back.

    ", + "

    Traffic regulation conditions

    ", + "

    The local council can ask the traffic commissioner to impose conditions on your licence. The traffic commissioner will decide if conditions are needed to:

    ", + "
  • prevent dangers to other road users
    • ", + "
  • reduce traffic congestion
    • ", + "
  • limit environmental pollution
    • ", + "

    The conditions could affect:

    ", + "
  • your bus routes
    • ", + "
  • where you can stop
    • ", + "
  • when you can stop and for how long
    • ", + "
  • where you can turn or reverse
    • ", + "
  • the number of vehicles, their type or their frequency
    • ", + "

    In some cases the conditions will start straight away.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if conditions have been imposed and they\u2019ll be added to your licence.

    ", + "

    You cannot meet the conditions

    ", + "

    You must change the registration within 28 days if you cannot run your service under the conditions. You will not have to pay a fee if you change the registration because of these conditions. You must meet the conditions until the change of registration takes effect.

    ", + "

    You disagree with the conditions

    ", + "

    You can ask for a public inquiry within 28 days if you disagree with the traffic commissioner\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s against the law to disobey traffic regulation conditions.

    ", + "

    Penalties for poor service

    ", + "

    Once you have registered your service you must run it:

    ", + "
  • at the times you\u2019ve said it would run
    • ", + "
  • along the route you\u2019ve registered
    • ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    If you do not run a reliable or punctual service the traffic commissioner can stop you from running the service - or even running any services at all.

    ", + "

    The traffic commissioner can also fine you. The size of the fine is based on the number of vehicles you\u2019re licensed to use.

    ", + "

    If you provide the local bus service in England and Wales, you may also have to:

    ", + "
  • spend money on providing or improving local services or facilities
    • ", + "
  • compensate passengers
    • ", + "

    You can appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you disagree with the traffic commissioner\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Read more about the standards for local bus services and how traffic commissioners expect you to operate.

    ", + "

    Register a bus service in London

    ", + "

    To run a bus service in London you must have a London Service Permit. Permits last for 5 years and you must normally apply at least 3 months before starting the service.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a shorter period of notice if Transport for London (TfL) agrees.

    ", + "

    Concessionary fares

    ", + "

    You may be eligible to take part in a concessionary fare scheme. This reimburses you for carrying passengers who get discounted travel, such as:

    ", + "
  • older people
    • ", + "
  • disabled people
    • ", + "
  • children
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council for more information on taking part.

    ", + "

    Some councils offer a voluntary membership scheme for operators. Others have a compulsory scheme.

    ", + "

    Find out more

    ", + "

    Find out more about concessionary fare schemes for:

    ", + "
  • England
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "

    Grants for local bus services

    ", + "

    You might qualify for the Bus Service Operator\u2019s Grant (in England or Scotland) or the Regional Transport Services Grant (in Wales) if you provide a service where:

    ", + "
  • at least half the seats are available to and regularly used by the general public
    • ", + "
  • stops on the route are in places that people are likely to use reasonably often - fixed bus stops or otherwise
    • ", + "
  • single journey fares are reasonably priced
    • ", + "
  • fares can be paid conveniently
    • ", + "
  • the bus does not have signs or any other indication that it\u2019s not available to the general public
    • ", + "
  • information about the service, its route and timetable is accessible to the general public
    • ", + "
  • advance bookings of flexible services do not deter people who want to make a single journey
    • ", + "

    There are slightly different conditions if your bus service is intended for transporting pupils, people with disabilities or elderly people.

    ", + "

    Read more about the Bus Service Operator\u2019s Grant (England and Scotland).

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Contact the helpline for your area.

    ", + "

    England

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    Wales

    ", + "

    The grant is administered through the Regional Transport Consortia:

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/operator-compliance-risk-score": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/operator-compliance-risk-score", + "title": "Operator Compliance Risk Score (OCRS)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re a vehicle operator, your drivers might be stopped at the roadside by the police or the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for vehicle inspections.\n\nDVSA use the Operator Compliance Risk Score (OCRS) system to decide which vehicles should be inspected.\n\nOCRS is used to calculate the risk of an operator not following the rules on roadworthiness (the condition of its vehicles) and traffic, eg drivers\u2019 hours, weighing checks.\n\nIt\u2019s more likely that your vehicles will be inspected if your OCRS is high.\n\n## How the system works\n\nThe Operator Compliance Risk Score (OCRS) system is based on data collected by DVSA over a 3-year rolling period.\n\nData is taken from annual tests, roadside inspections and inspections at operators\u2019 premises.\n\nYou get scores split into 2 categories, and a combined score.\n\n| Category | Where the data comes from |\n\n| Roadworthiness | Vehicle tests (first tests, subsequent annual tests); \u2018vehicle encounters\u2019 (fleet check inspections at operator premises, roadside inspections) |\n\n| Traffic | Roadside inspections and prosecutions (for example, for drivers\u2019 hours and tachograph offences, weighing checks) |\n\nAs an operator you get points when a test or inspection finds a defect or infringement of the rules. The more serious the defect or infringement, the more points.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a score, which will be shown as R (red - highest risk), A (amber - medium risk) or G (green - lowest risk).\n\nThe guidance on the OCRS system explains how the scores are worked out.\n\nYou might have no score if DVSA doesn\u2019t have any data for you from the past 3 years.\n\nYou can check your OCRS score, view test histories and roadside check reports online.\n\n## Operators outside Great Britain\n\nDVSA has a non-GB OCRS system for operators based outside Great Britain. It\u2019s based on data captured at the roadside - this is because there is no annual test or prosecution data available.\n\n## How your score can change\n\nBecause your Operator Compliance Risk Score (OCRS) is calculated over a 3-year rolling period, it can change after inspections, tests or prosecutions against you.\n\nDVSA calls these \u2018encounters\u2019. Your score could change if you:\n\n- commit a new offence or have a defect recorded against you at inspection (this has a negative effect on your score)\n\n- have a \u2018clear encounter\u2019 - eg you pass an inspection without any problems (this has a positive effect on your score)\n\nIf you\u2019re prosecuted by DVSA you\u2019ll get points from the date of prosecution, not the date of the offence.\n\nThe lower your OCRS is, the better.\n\n## Old encounters\n\nYour score also changes as old encounters that previously counted towards your score no longer count once they\u2019re not in the OCRS calculation period.\n\nIf you had clear encounters included in your score and these are now outside the calculation period, this might mean your score goes up. But if you had negative encounters included and these no longer count, your score might go down.\n\n## Year weightings\n\nThe impact of an offence or defect decreases over the 3-year time period.\n\nFor the first 12 months after the offence or defect, its score stays the same. After 12 months it falls by a quarter and then it\u2019s halved in the final 12 months.\n\n## Other changes\n\nThere are a number of \u2018parameters\u2019 that feed into your OCRS. DVSA sets these and can change them at any time - this has an impact on your score.\n\nThe parameters are:\n\n- points for offences and defects\n\n- points for prosecutions\n\n- time weightings\n\n- band thresholds (these determine whether you\u2019re in the red, amber or green band)\n\n- trigger events and time periods\n\nThe values for all parameters are available in the guidance on the OCRS system.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a vehicle operator, your drivers might be stopped at the roadside by the police or the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for vehicle inspections.

    ", + "

    DVSA use the Operator Compliance Risk Score (OCRS) system to decide which vehicles should be inspected.

    ", + "

    OCRS is used to calculate the risk of an operator not following the rules on roadworthiness (the condition of its vehicles) and traffic, eg drivers\u2019 hours, weighing checks.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s more likely that your vehicles will be inspected if your OCRS is high.

    ", + "

    How the system works

    ", + "

    The Operator Compliance Risk Score (OCRS) system is based on data collected by DVSA over a 3-year rolling period.

    ", + "

    Data is taken from annual tests, roadside inspections and inspections at operators\u2019 premises.

    ", + "

    You get scores split into 2 categories, and a combined score.

    ", + "Category | Where the data comes from", + "Roadworthiness | Vehicle tests (first tests, subsequent annual tests); \u2018vehicle encounters\u2019 (fleet check inspections at operator premises, roadside inspections)", + "Traffic | Roadside inspections and prosecutions (for example, for drivers\u2019 hours and tachograph offences, weighing checks)", + "

    As an operator you get points when a test or inspection finds a defect or infringement of the rules. The more serious the defect or infringement, the more points.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a score, which will be shown as R (red - highest risk), A (amber - medium risk) or G (green - lowest risk).

    ", + "

    The guidance on the OCRS system explains how the scores are worked out.

    ", + "

    You might have no score if DVSA doesn\u2019t have any data for you from the past 3 years.

    ", + "

    You can check your OCRS score, view test histories and roadside check reports online.

    ", + "

    Operators outside Great Britain

    ", + "

    DVSA has a non-GB OCRS system for operators based outside Great Britain. It\u2019s based on data captured at the roadside - this is because there is no annual test or prosecution data available.

    ", + "

    How your score can change

    ", + "

    Because your Operator Compliance Risk Score (OCRS) is calculated over a 3-year rolling period, it can change after inspections, tests or prosecutions against you.

    ", + "

    DVSA calls these \u2018encounters\u2019. Your score could change if you:

    ", + "
  • commit a new offence or have a defect recorded against you at inspection (this has a negative effect on your score)
    • ", + "
  • have a \u2018clear encounter\u2019 - eg you pass an inspection without any problems (this has a positive effect on your score)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re prosecuted by DVSA you\u2019ll get points from the date of prosecution, not the date of the offence.

    ", + "

    The lower your OCRS is, the better.

    ", + "

    Old encounters

    ", + "

    Your score also changes as old encounters that previously counted towards your score no longer count once they\u2019re not in the OCRS calculation period.

    ", + "

    If you had clear encounters included in your score and these are now outside the calculation period, this might mean your score goes up. But if you had negative encounters included and these no longer count, your score might go down.

    ", + "

    Year weightings

    ", + "

    The impact of an offence or defect decreases over the 3-year time period.

    ", + "

    For the first 12 months after the offence or defect, its score stays the same. After 12 months it falls by a quarter and then it\u2019s halved in the final 12 months.

    ", + "

    Other changes

    ", + "

    There are a number of \u2018parameters\u2019 that feed into your OCRS. DVSA sets these and can change them at any time - this has an impact on your score.

    ", + "

    The parameters are:

    ", + "
  • points for offences and defects
    • ", + "
  • points for prosecutions
    • ", + "
  • time weightings
    • ", + "
  • band thresholds (these determine whether you\u2019re in the red, amber or green band)
    • ", + "
  • trigger events and time periods
    • ", + "

    The values for all parameters are available in the guidance on the OCRS system.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-an-approved-tachograph-centre": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-an-approved-tachograph-centre", + "title": "Setting up an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC)", + "content": "## How to apply\n\nIf you want to set up an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC), you will need to read the ATC manual and fill in form GV207.\n\nSend your application to the address on the form.\n\nYou can also contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for the form and manual.\n\n## Costs and equipment\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a3361 to register as an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC)\n\n- \u00a3148 to renew your registration each year\n\nYou can register to work on analogue tachographs, digital tachographs, or both.\n\n## Equipment\n\nThe ATC manual tells you what equipment you\u2019ll need to buy.\n\n## Who can work for you\n\nYou can only employ \u2018nominated technicians\u2019 to carry out work at an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC). They must be skilled technicians with experience working on tachographs.\n\nIf they need to road test vehicles, they must also have a driving licence for the relevant categories of vehicles they\u2019re testing.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to hold a \u2018certificate of competence\u2019 for each class of tachograph (digital, analogue or both) that they want to work on.\n\nThey\u2019ll get this only after they\u2019ve successfully completed a DVSA-approved training course. You\u2019ll find details in the ATC manual.\n\n## Tachograph workshop smart cards\n\nA tachograph workshop card is used to calibrate digital tachographs. To be eligible for a workshop card, you must:\n\n- be a nominated technician working at an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC) with digital status\n\n- hold a digital training certificate\n\nTachograph workshop cards are issued free of charge. They are automatically renewed every year on 31 March.\n\nThe cards are issued to a nominated technician, not to a centre - this means that only the individual who has the card can use it.\n\nIf you\u2019re the nominated technician and you work at 2 workshops, you\u2019ll need a card for each workshop.\n\n## How to apply\n\nPrint off and fill in form D778B and send it to DVSA, with a copy of an up-to-date analogue and digital training certificate.\n\nOnce DVSA has checked and approved your application it will be forwarded to the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), who will issue your card to the ATC where you work.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a PIN code to use a workshop card. This will be sent to your home address, and must only be used by you.\n\nIf you enter the wrong PIN code 5 times in a row it will lock the card and you\u2019ll need to apply for a new card using form D778B. You\u2019ll also be issued with a new PIN code\n\nRead \u2018How to fill in your application for a digital tachograph workshop card (D778B)\u2019 before you fill in the form.\n\nFor more help, contact the DVSA helpline.\n\n## Working with tachograph workshop cards\n\nWorkshop cards can hold:\n\n- details of 88 calibrations\n\n- a small amount of events and faults data\n\nA workshop card must not be used instead of a company card. If you have a card used by your calibration centre, this must only be used in accordance with the tachograph centre\u2019s duties and not as a substitute company card.\n\nAll insertions of a card are recorded on the vehicle unit and the card.\n\n## Renewal of workshop cards\n\nDVLA sends a renewal list to DVSA 2 months before a card\u2019s expiry. This is then checked and returned to DVLA with details of technicians whose cards can be renewed.\n\nYou must report any lost or stolen cards to DVSA and the police immediately.\n\nIf your card is lost or stolen, you can apply for a replacement by printing off and filling in form D778B to DVSA. You\u2019ll need to provide a police incident reference number for stolen cards.\n\n## If your card stops working\n\nTry using the card in a different vehicle unit. If it still does not work, print off and fill in form D778B and sent it with the faulty card to DVSA to get a new card.\n\nAny misuse of workshop cards may lead to the withdrawal of your nominated technician and tachograph centre\u2019s approval.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    If you want to set up an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC), you will need to read the ATC manual and fill in form GV207.

    ", + "

    Send your application to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for the form and manual.

    ", + "

    Costs and equipment

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3361 to register as an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC)
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3148 to renew your registration each year
    • ", + "

    You can register to work on analogue tachographs, digital tachographs, or both.

    ", + "

    Equipment

    ", + "

    The ATC manual tells you what equipment you\u2019ll need to buy.

    ", + "

    Who can work for you

    ", + "

    You can only employ \u2018nominated technicians\u2019 to carry out work at an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC). They must be skilled technicians with experience working on tachographs.

    ", + "

    If they need to road test vehicles, they must also have a driving licence for the relevant categories of vehicles they\u2019re testing.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to hold a \u2018certificate of competence\u2019 for each class of tachograph (digital, analogue or both) that they want to work on.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll get this only after they\u2019ve successfully completed a DVSA-approved training course. You\u2019ll find details in the ATC manual.

    ", + "

    Tachograph workshop smart cards

    ", + "

    A tachograph workshop card is used to calibrate digital tachographs. To be eligible for a workshop card, you must:

    ", + "
  • be a nominated technician working at an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC) with digital status
    • ", + "
  • hold a digital training certificate
    • ", + "

    Tachograph workshop cards are issued free of charge. They are automatically renewed every year on 31 March.

    ", + "

    The cards are issued to a nominated technician, not to a centre - this means that only the individual who has the card can use it.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the nominated technician and you work at 2 workshops, you\u2019ll need a card for each workshop.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Print off and fill in form D778B and send it to DVSA, with a copy of an up-to-date analogue and digital training certificate.

    ", + "

    Once DVSA has checked and approved your application it will be forwarded to the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), who will issue your card to the ATC where you work.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a PIN code to use a workshop card. This will be sent to your home address, and must only be used by you.

    ", + "

    If you enter the wrong PIN code 5 times in a row it will lock the card and you\u2019ll need to apply for a new card using form D778B. You\u2019ll also be issued with a new PIN code

    ", + "

    Read \u2018How to fill in your application for a digital tachograph workshop card (D778B)\u2019 before you fill in the form.

    ", + "

    For more help, contact the DVSA helpline.

    ", + "

    Working with tachograph workshop cards

    ", + "

    Workshop cards can hold:

    ", + "
  • details of 88 calibrations
    • ", + "
  • a small amount of events and faults data
    • ", + "

    A workshop card must not be used instead of a company card. If you have a card used by your calibration centre, this must only be used in accordance with the tachograph centre\u2019s duties and not as a substitute company card.

    ", + "

    All insertions of a card are recorded on the vehicle unit and the card.

    ", + "

    Renewal of workshop cards

    ", + "

    DVLA sends a renewal list to DVSA 2 months before a card\u2019s expiry. This is then checked and returned to DVLA with details of technicians whose cards can be renewed.

    ", + "

    You must report any lost or stolen cards to DVSA and the police immediately.

    ", + "

    If your card is lost or stolen, you can apply for a replacement by printing off and filling in form D778B to DVSA. You\u2019ll need to provide a police incident reference number for stolen cards.

    ", + "

    If your card stops working

    ", + "

    Try using the card in a different vehicle unit. If it still does not work, print off and fill in form D778B and sent it with the faulty card to DVSA to get a new card.

    ", + "

    Any misuse of workshop cards may lead to the withdrawal of your nominated technician and tachograph centre\u2019s approval.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/taxi-vehicle-licence": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taxi-vehicle-licence", + "title": "Vehicle licences for taxis or private hire vehicles", + "content": "## Where to apply\n\nTo operate your vehicle as a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV) you need to get it licensed.\n\nThere are different ways for you apply depending on whether you\u2019ll operate:\n\n- outside London\n\n- inside London\n\nThere is a different process for Northern Ireland.\n\n## Outside London\n\nYou must get your taxi or private hire vehicle inspected and licensed by your local council.\n\n## Apply\n\nContact your local council to apply for a vehicle licence.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must get a licence for each vehicle. The vehicle must have no more than 8 passenger seats.\n\n## Inspections and insurance\n\nThe council may check your vehicle to make sure:\n\n- it\u2019s roadworthy\n\n- it\u2019s comfortable and clean\n\n- the taximeter works properly\n\n- the doors are safe and secure\n\nYou\u2019ll also need insurance that:\n\n- covers you for hire and reward\n\n- includes you as the named driver\n\nThe council decides how often it tests vehicles but can\u2019t test more than 3 times in a year.\n\nYou must fix any problems within 2 months of failing a test. You can lose your vehicle licence if you don\u2019t.\n\n## Conditions\n\nThe council can attach conditions to vehicle licences. These might include:\n\n- the colour scheme of your vehicle\n\n- the use of roof signs\n\n- use of a taximeter\n\n## Refusals and appeals\n\nThe council can refuse your application if:\n\n- your vehicle doesn\u2019t meet certain criteria\n\n- you don\u2019t accept conditions it gives you\n\n- it wants to control the number of taxis in the area\n\nWhen the council makes its decision it will explain your right to appeal if:\n\n- your application for a vehicle licence has been refused\n\n- the licensing authority has suspended, revoked or refused to renew a vehicle licence\n\nYou appeal to a crown court about a taxi licence decision or to a magistrates court about a private hire vehicle decision.\n\n## Inside London\n\nTaxis and private hire vehicles (PHV) in London must be inspected and licensed by Transport for London (TfL).\n\n## Vehicle licences for London taxis\n\n## Apply\n\nYour taxi must be inspected by TfL to get your vehicle licence.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must meet the eligibility criteria set by TfL for your vehicle.\n\n## Vehicle licences for private hire vehicles\n\n## Apply\n\nIf you want to use a vehicle for private hire work, you\u2019ll need to have it licensed by TfL.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour PHV must:\n\n- have no more than 8 passenger seats\n\n- not look like a licensed taxi, eg London-style \u2018black cab\u2019\n\n- only display advertising that complies with TfL guidelines\n\n- display licence discs - although exemptions are sometimes granted\n\n## Get your vehicle inspected\n\nYour vehicle will need to be inspected by TfL.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Where to apply

    ", + "

    To operate your vehicle as a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV) you need to get it licensed.

    ", + "

    There are different ways for you apply depending on whether you\u2019ll operate:

    ", + "
  • outside London
    • ", + "
  • inside London
    • ", + "

    There is a different process for Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Outside London

    ", + "

    You must get your taxi or private hire vehicle inspected and licensed by your local council.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to apply for a vehicle licence.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must get a licence for each vehicle. The vehicle must have no more than 8 passenger seats.

    ", + "

    Inspections and insurance

    ", + "

    The council may check your vehicle to make sure:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s roadworthy
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s comfortable and clean
    • ", + "
  • the taximeter works properly
    • ", + "
  • the doors are safe and secure
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need insurance that:

    ", + "
  • covers you for hire and reward
    • ", + "
  • includes you as the named driver
    • ", + "

    The council decides how often it tests vehicles but can\u2019t test more than 3 times in a year.

    ", + "

    You must fix any problems within 2 months of failing a test. You can lose your vehicle licence if you don\u2019t.

    ", + "

    Conditions

    ", + "

    The council can attach conditions to vehicle licences. These might include:

    ", + "
  • the colour scheme of your vehicle
    • ", + "
  • the use of roof signs
    • ", + "
  • use of a taximeter
    • ", + "

    Refusals and appeals

    ", + "

    The council can refuse your application if:

    ", + "
  • your vehicle doesn\u2019t meet certain criteria
    • ", + "
  • you don\u2019t accept conditions it gives you
    • ", + "
  • it wants to control the number of taxis in the area
    • ", + "

    When the council makes its decision it will explain your right to appeal if:

    ", + "
  • your application for a vehicle licence has been refused
    • ", + "
  • the licensing authority has suspended, revoked or refused to renew a vehicle licence
    • ", + "

    You appeal to a crown court about a taxi licence decision or to a magistrates court about a private hire vehicle decision.

    ", + "

    Inside London

    ", + "

    Taxis and private hire vehicles (PHV) in London must be inspected and licensed by Transport for London (TfL).

    ", + "

    Vehicle licences for London taxis

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Your taxi must be inspected by TfL to get your vehicle licence.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must meet the eligibility criteria set by TfL for your vehicle.

    ", + "

    Vehicle licences for private hire vehicles

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    If you want to use a vehicle for private hire work, you\u2019ll need to have it licensed by TfL.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your PHV must:

    ", + "
  • have no more than 8 passenger seats
    • ", + "
  • not look like a licensed taxi, eg London-style \u2018black cab\u2019
    • ", + "
  • only display advertising that complies with TfL guidelines
    • ", + "
  • display licence discs - although exemptions are sometimes granted
    • ", + "

    Get your vehicle inspected

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will need to be inspected by TfL.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/provide-driving-tests-for-your-employees": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/provide-driving-tests-for-your-employees", + "title": "Provide driving tests for your employees", + "content": "## Who can provide driving tests\n\nDriving tests are usually provided by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).\n\nYou can apply to DVSA for permission for your own staff to provide driving tests for your employees if you\u2019re a:\n\n- bus or haulage operating licence holder\n\n- police service\n\n- fire and rescue service\n\nYour staff providing driving tests will be known as \u2018delegated driving examiners\u2019.\n\n## Tests that can be provided\n\nDelegated driving examiners are allowed to provide theory and practical driving tests for drivers of:\n\n- lorries\n\n- buses and coaches\n\n- cars and trailers\n\n- emergency service vehicles\n\n## Lorry, bus and coach companies\n\nDelegated driving examiners working for lorry, bus and coach companies can test:\n\n- an employee\n\n- an employee of a sister company\n\nAs a delegated driving examiner, you cannot test someone you\u2019ve trained.\n\n## Emergency services\n\nDelegated driving examiners working for police services and fire and rescue services can test:\n\n- an employee\n\n- an employee from the same type of service in a different area\n\nThe same delegated driving examiner can provide tests for both a police service and a fire and rescue service, but both must appoint them with DVSA.\n\n## Rules for your driving examiners\n\nWhen deciding whether to give permission for someone to provide driving tests, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) looks at if they:\n\n- have a full driving licence for the type of vehicle they\u2019re testing in\n\n- have had any convictions in the last 3 years\n\n- have been disqualified from driving\n\n- have any court proceedings pending against them\n\n- have any penalty points on their licence\n\n## Qualifying as a delegated driving examiner\n\nYour employees must then:\n\n- complete an initial training course\n\n- reach an appropriate standard in the delegated driving examiner theory and practical tests\n\nDVSA will send you more information about the qualifying process when you apply to provide driving tests.\n\n## Apply to provide driving tests\n\nYou must email the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get permission to provide driving tests.\n\nYou cannot currently contact DVSA by telephone or post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou must include information about your organisation, the tests you want to provide, and the people you want to appoint as delegated driving examiners.\n\n## Your organisation\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- the full name of the organisation\n\n- the registered address or headquarters address (if you\u2019re not a registered company)\n\n- a copy of your certificate of incorporation if you\u2019re a registered company\n\n- a copy of your operator licence (if you have one)\n\n- the name, position and contact details of the main contact in your organisation for driving tests\n\n- confirmation that you, as the person submitting the application, is an approved signatory for the purposes of the application\n\n## The tests you want to provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- details of the locations at which testing would take place\n\n- the categories of tests you want to provide, for example, \u2018category D - bus\u2019\n\n- the type of tests you want to provide, for example, licence acquisition theory test, licence acquisition practical test and so on\n\n- details of where the records about the tests would be stored\n\n- an estimate of the minimum number of tests you\u2019ll provide in the 12 months following your approval\n\n## The people you want to appoint as examiners\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include the full names and driving licence numbers of the people you want to appoint as delegated driving examiners.\n\n## When DVSA gets your application\n\nDVSA will tell you its decision about your application within 10 working days.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get information about:\n\n- the qualifying process\n\n- the detailed rules about providing theory and practical driving tests\n\n- the detailed rules about recording tests that you provide\n\nYou can email DVSA if you need more information.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Who can provide driving tests

    ", + "

    Driving tests are usually provided by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).

    ", + "

    You can apply to DVSA for permission for your own staff to provide driving tests for your employees if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • bus or haulage operating licence holder
    • ", + "
  • police service
    • ", + "
  • fire and rescue service
    • ", + "

    Your staff providing driving tests will be known as \u2018delegated driving examiners\u2019.

    ", + "

    Tests that can be provided

    ", + "

    Delegated driving examiners are allowed to provide theory and practical driving tests for drivers of:

    ", + "
  • lorries
    • ", + "
  • buses and coaches
    • ", + "
  • cars and trailers
    • ", + "
  • emergency service vehicles
    • ", + "

    Lorry, bus and coach companies

    ", + "

    Delegated driving examiners working for lorry, bus and coach companies can test:

    ", + "
  • an employee
    • ", + "
  • an employee of a sister company
    • ", + "

    As a delegated driving examiner, you cannot test someone you\u2019ve trained.

    ", + "

    Emergency services

    ", + "

    Delegated driving examiners working for police services and fire and rescue services can test:

    ", + "
  • an employee
    • ", + "
  • an employee from the same type of service in a different area
    • ", + "

    The same delegated driving examiner can provide tests for both a police service and a fire and rescue service, but both must appoint them with DVSA.

    ", + "

    Rules for your driving examiners

    ", + "

    When deciding whether to give permission for someone to provide driving tests, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) looks at if they:

    ", + "
  • have a full driving licence for the type of vehicle they\u2019re testing in
    • ", + "
  • have had any convictions in the last 3 years
    • ", + "
  • have been disqualified from driving
    • ", + "
  • have any court proceedings pending against them
    • ", + "
  • have any penalty points on their licence
    • ", + "

    Qualifying as a delegated driving examiner

    ", + "

    Your employees must then:

    ", + "
  • complete an initial training course
    • ", + "
  • reach an appropriate standard in the delegated driving examiner theory and practical tests
    • ", + "

    DVSA will send you more information about the qualifying process when you apply to provide driving tests.

    ", + "

    Apply to provide driving tests

    ", + "

    You must email the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get permission to provide driving tests.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently contact DVSA by telephone or post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You must include information about your organisation, the tests you want to provide, and the people you want to appoint as delegated driving examiners.

    ", + "

    Your organisation

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • the full name of the organisation
    • ", + "
  • the registered address or headquarters address (if you\u2019re not a registered company)
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your certificate of incorporation if you\u2019re a registered company
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your operator licence (if you have one)
    • ", + "
  • the name, position and contact details of the main contact in your organisation for driving tests
    • ", + "
  • confirmation that you, as the person submitting the application, is an approved signatory for the purposes of the application
    • ", + "

    The tests you want to provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • details of the locations at which testing would take place
    • ", + "
  • the categories of tests you want to provide, for example, \u2018category D - bus\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the type of tests you want to provide, for example, licence acquisition theory test, licence acquisition practical test and so on
    • ", + "
  • details of where the records about the tests would be stored
    • ", + "
  • an estimate of the minimum number of tests you\u2019ll provide in the 12 months following your approval
    • ", + "

    The people you want to appoint as examiners

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include the full names and driving licence numbers of the people you want to appoint as delegated driving examiners.

    ", + "

    When DVSA gets your application

    ", + "

    DVSA will tell you its decision about your application within 10 working days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get information about:

    ", + "
  • the qualifying process
    • ", + "
  • the detailed rules about providing theory and practical driving tests
    • ", + "
  • the detailed rules about recording tests that you provide
    • ", + "

    You can email DVSA if you need more information.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/become-an-mot-tester": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-an-mot-tester", + "title": "Become an MOT tester", + "content": "## Overview\n\n- Check that you meet the eligibility rules to become an MOT tester.\n\n- Take an MOT tester qualification course.\n\n- Pass a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency MOT demonstration test.\n\nYou can then start carrying out MOT tests at an authorised testing station.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to take training and an assessment each year when you\u2019re qualified.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo take an MOT testing course you must:\n\n- have a current and full UK driving licence for the vehicle classes you want to test\n\n- be a skilled mechanic with at least 4 years\u2019 full-time employment servicing and repairing the types of vehicles you\u2019re going to test\n\n- have no unspent convictions for criminal offences\n\n- be \u2018of good repute\u2019 - the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency will decide this to make sure you\u2019re suitable to be an MOT tester\n\nTo become a class 3 or 5 MOT tester you must also have already:\n\n- got a level 2 testing certificate in class 4 and 7 vehicles (group B)\n\n- passed an MOT demonstration test after getting your level 2 certificate\n\nYou must have an accepted qualification or accreditation if you want to test class 3, 4, 5 or 7 vehicles (cars, private buses and light commercial vehicles).\n\n## Common qualifications or accreditations\n\nCheck the full list of accepted qualifications and accreditations.\n\n## National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs), Scottish Vocational Qualifications (SVQs) and Vocationally Related Qualifications (VRQs)\n\nYou can take the MOT testing course if you have a VRQ, NVQ or SVQ in:\n\n- Vehicle Mechanical and Electronic Systems, Maintenance and Repair (light vehicle or heavy vehicle), level 3\n\n- Vehicle Technician, Vehicle Maintenance and Repair (light vehicle or heavy vehicle), level 3\n\n## City and Guilds\n\nYou can take the MOT testing course if you have a City and Guilds qualification in:\n\n- Automotive Qualification, NVQ level 3\n\n- Repair and Servicing of Road Vehicles, 383 (full level 2 or 3)\n\n- Motor Vehicle Craft Studies, modular - part 3 (requires 3 modules)\n\n- Motor Vehicle Craft Studies, 381 (full part 2 or 3)\n\n- Motor Vehicle Craft Studies, pre 381 syllabus (full part 2)\n\n- Light or Heavy Vehicle Mechanics Craft Studies (full part 2 or 3)\n\n- Motor Vehicle Technician\u2019s Certificate (full part 1)\n\n## Other qualifications\n\nYou can also take the MOT testing course if you have one of these qualifications:\n\n- IMI level 3 National Diploma in Vehicle Maintenance and Repair (light vehicle or heavy vehicle)\n\n- National Craft Certification with a specialism of Vehicle Maintenance and Electronic Systems\n\n- Business and Technology Education Council (BTEC), National Certificate or Ordinary National Certificate (ONC) in Motor Vehicle Engineering studies\n\n- Scottish Vocational Educational Council National Certificate in Vehicle Mechanics and Systems (part 3)\n\n## Accreditations\n\nYou can take the MOT testing course if you have an Automotive Technician Accreditation (ATA) in:\n\n- Light Vehicle Diagnostic Technician\n\n- Light Vehicle Inspection Technician\n\nYou must have a valid ATA accreditation ID card. You\u2019ll have received this when you got your qualification.\n\nYou can also take the course if you have an ABC Awards Accreditation in Vehicle Technician Accredited Assessment.\n\n## MOT tester course (class 1, 2, 4 and 7)\n\nYou must successfully complete an MOT tester qualification course to become an MOT tester.\n\n## Before the course\n\nYou need to show that you\u2019re eligible to become an MOT tester.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFind an MOT tester qualification course and book it with the course provider.\n\nYou have to pay to take the course. The prices vary and are set by each course provider.\n\n## What the course involves\n\nThe course will cover theory and practical training on being an MOT tester.\n\nThe course lasts at least 29 hours. You\u2019ll spend at least 8 hours doing practical training.\n\nThere are 5 parts to the course:\n\n- safe working practices in the vehicle test centre\n\n- working relationships within the vehicle test centre\n\n- managing your own professional development as an MOT tester\n\n- carrying out pre-test checks for an MOT test\n\n- carrying out an MOT test\n\n## Assessments in the course\n\nThe course also includes:\n\n- a multiple-choice question test\n\n- a practical assessment\n\nYou have to pass both to successfully complete the course.\n\nYour course provider will give you more information on how their course works.\n\n## After you\u2019ve done the course\n\nWhen you complete the course you get a Level 2 MOT Testing Award in either:\n\n- class 1 and 2 vehicles (group A)\n\n- class 4 and 7 vehicles (group B)\n\nYou\u2019ll get a certificate which you need to book and take a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency MOT demonstration test.\n\n## MOT demonstration test (class 1, 2, 4 and 7)\n\nYou must pass an MOT demonstration test when you\u2019ve got your level 2 MOT testing certificate.\n\nYou can do the demonstration test at either:\n\n- the training centre where you took the qualification course\n\n- an MOT testing station you work at (that\u2019s open and trading)\n\nYou do not have to pay to do the demonstration test.\n\n## Before you book the test\n\nBefore you book the test, you need to:\n\n- read the MOT testing manuals and special notices\n\n- practise your inspection routine\n\n- practise using the test equipment with different vehicles\n\n- watch an experienced tester test different vehicles\n\n## How to book the test\n\nYou can book your demonstration test once you can carry out an MOT test without any help.\n\n- Sign in to the MOT testing service - your account should have been created when you did your qualification course.\n\n- Go to the your profile section and select qualifications.\n\n- Add your level 2 MOT testing certificate number, and choose where you want to do the demonstration test - you\u2019ll need the ID number of the training centre or testing station.\n\n- Request a test by calling the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). You\u2019ll need your user ID from the MOT testing service and the name and ID number of the test location you chose in step 3.\n\n- DVSA will call you to set a test date - this can take several weeks. If DVSA has not called you within 4 weeks, you can call them to get an update.\n\n## What to bring to the test\n\nWhen you take your test, make sure you bring:\n\n- a vehicle that\u2019s at least 3 years old, in the vehicle class you\u2019re being tested on\n\n- your UK driving licence (if you do not have a photocard licence you also need to take photo ID, such as your passport)\n\n- your level 2 MOT testing award certificate\n\nYour test will be cancelled if you do not bring these things with you.\n\n## What happens at the test\n\nThe DVSA examiner will explain what you\u2019ll have to do. They\u2019ll ask you to:\n\n- carry out a demonstration test\n\n- record the result in a practice version of the MOT testing service\n\n- answer some questions about the MOT\n\n## Test result\n\nIf you pass the demonstration test you can start doing MOT tests at the testing stations where you\u2019re a registered tester. These are listed in the MOT testing service.\n\nIf you fail the demonstration test, the examiner will give you feedback and tell you what to do next.\n\n## Class 3 or 5 MOT tester training\n\nYou need to do another training course and MOT demonstration test to become a class 3 or 5 MOT tester.\n\n## Before the training course\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that you\u2019ve already:\n\n- got a level 2 testing certificate in class 4 and 7 vehicles (group B)\n\n- passed an MOT demonstration test after getting your level 2 certificate\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can book a class 3 or 5 training course by contacting these approved course providers. The prices vary and are set by each course provider.\n\n## After you\u2019ve done the course\n\nYou\u2019ll get a certificate. You need this to book and take a DVSA MOT demonstration test before you can work as a class 3 or 5 MOT tester.\n\nDo not enter the certificate details on the MOT testing service.\n\nThe demonstration test involves being tested by a DVSA examiner at either:\n\n- the training centre where you took the qualification course\n\n- a testing centre that tests class 3 and 5 vehicles\n\n## Preparing for the test\n\nPrepare for the demonstration test by:\n\n- reading the MOT testing manuals and special notices\n\n- practicing your inspection routine\n\n- making sure you have all the necessary documents, for example your driving licence\n\n## How to book the test\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- your MOT testing service user ID\n\n- to know the vehicle test station (VTS) number where you want to have your test\n\nCall DVSA to book your test.\n\n## How the test works\n\nA DVSA examiner will check your:\n\n- UK driving licence (if you do not have a photocard licence you also need to take photo ID, such as your passport)\n\n- class 3 or 5 MOT training certificate\n\nThe examiner will explain what you\u2019ll have to do. They\u2019ll ask you to:\n\n- carry out a demonstration test\n\n- record the result in the training version of the MOT testing service\n\n- answer some questions about the MOT\n\n## Test result\n\nIf you pass the demonstration test you\u2019ll be able to do either class 3 or 5 MOT tests at testing stations authorised to test these classes.\n\nIf you fail the demonstration test, the examiner will give you feedback and tell you what to do next.\n\n## Annual training and assessment\n\nYou must complete your training and pass an assessment between April and March every year, for example between April 2016 and March 2017.\n\nYou choose when you do the training and assessment.\n\nYou\u2019ll be responsible for:\n\n- planning and doing your training\n\n- recording your training and keeping evidence of it\n\n- booking and taking the annual assessment\n\n## Returning to MOT testing\n\nYou need to do more training and take a test if you\u2019re returning to MOT testing.\n\nWhat you have to do depends on:\n\n- why you stopped testing\n\n- how long you stopped testing for\n\n## After a formal warning or disciplinary period\n\nYou must complete all the steps before you can test again.\n\n## Formal warning or disciplinary period of 28 days\n\n- Take the current year\u2019s annual training and assessment.\n\n- Take extra training about the subjects you were disqualified for. For example, read the inspection manuals or take a training course. The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) can ask you for evidence you\u2019ve done it.\n\n- Take a DVSA MOT demonstration test.\n\n## Disciplinary period of 2 or 5 years\n\n- Take an MOT tester qualification course.\n\n- Take a DVSA MOT demonstration test.\n\n## If you stopped testing voluntarily\n\nYou must complete all the steps before you can test again.\n\n## Stopped for between 6 months and 5 years\n\n- Take the current year\u2019s annual training and assessment.\n\n- Take extra training. For example, read the inspection manuals or take a training course. DVSA can ask you for evidence you\u2019ve done it.\n\n- Take a \u2018returning to MOT testing\u2019 demonstration test. Call DVSA to book your test.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give:\n\n- your MOT testing service user ID\n\n- the number of the vehicle test station where you want to do the test\n\n- the class of vehicle you want to test\n\n## Stopped for more than 5 years\n\n- Take an MOT tester qualification course.\n\n- Take a DVSA MOT demonstration test.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "
  • Check that you meet the eligibility rules to become an MOT tester.
    • ", + "
  • Take an MOT tester qualification course.
    • ", + "
  • Pass a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency MOT demonstration test.
    • ", + "

    You can then start carrying out MOT tests at an authorised testing station.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to take training and an assessment each year when you\u2019re qualified.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To take an MOT testing course you must:

    ", + "
  • have a current and full UK driving licence for the vehicle classes you want to test
    • ", + "
  • be a skilled mechanic with at least 4 years\u2019 full-time employment servicing and repairing the types of vehicles you\u2019re going to test
    • ", + "
  • have no unspent convictions for criminal offences
    • ", + "
  • be \u2018of good repute\u2019 - the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency will decide this to make sure you\u2019re suitable to be an MOT tester
    • ", + "

    To become a class 3 or 5 MOT tester you must also have already:

    ", + "
  • got a level 2 testing certificate in class 4 and 7 vehicles (group B)
    • ", + "
  • passed an MOT demonstration test after getting your level 2 certificate
    • ", + "

    You must have an accepted qualification or accreditation if you want to test class 3, 4, 5 or 7 vehicles (cars, private buses and light commercial vehicles).

    ", + "

    Common qualifications or accreditations

    ", + "

    Check the full list of accepted qualifications and accreditations.

    ", + "

    National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs), Scottish Vocational Qualifications (SVQs) and Vocationally Related Qualifications (VRQs)

    ", + "

    You can take the MOT testing course if you have a VRQ, NVQ or SVQ in:

    ", + "
  • Vehicle Mechanical and Electronic Systems, Maintenance and Repair (light vehicle or heavy vehicle), level 3
    • ", + "
  • Vehicle Technician, Vehicle Maintenance and Repair (light vehicle or heavy vehicle), level 3
    • ", + "

    City and Guilds

    ", + "

    You can take the MOT testing course if you have a City and Guilds qualification in:

    ", + "
  • Automotive Qualification, NVQ level 3
    • ", + "
  • Repair and Servicing of Road Vehicles, 383 (full level 2 or 3)
    • ", + "
  • Motor Vehicle Craft Studies, modular - part 3 (requires 3 modules)
    • ", + "
  • Motor Vehicle Craft Studies, 381 (full part 2 or 3)
    • ", + "
  • Motor Vehicle Craft Studies, pre 381 syllabus (full part 2)
    • ", + "
  • Light or Heavy Vehicle Mechanics Craft Studies (full part 2 or 3)
    • ", + "
  • Motor Vehicle Technician\u2019s Certificate (full part 1)
    • ", + "

    Other qualifications

    ", + "

    You can also take the MOT testing course if you have one of these qualifications:

    ", + "
  • IMI level 3 National Diploma in Vehicle Maintenance and Repair (light vehicle or heavy vehicle)
    • ", + "
  • National Craft Certification with a specialism of Vehicle Maintenance and Electronic Systems
    • ", + "
  • Business and Technology Education Council (BTEC), National Certificate or Ordinary National Certificate (ONC) in Motor Vehicle Engineering studies
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Vocational Educational Council National Certificate in Vehicle Mechanics and Systems (part 3)
    • ", + "

    Accreditations

    ", + "

    You can take the MOT testing course if you have an Automotive Technician Accreditation (ATA) in:

    ", + "
  • Light Vehicle Diagnostic Technician
    • ", + "
  • Light Vehicle Inspection Technician
    • ", + "

    You must have a valid ATA accreditation ID card. You\u2019ll have received this when you got your qualification.

    ", + "

    You can also take the course if you have an ABC Awards Accreditation in Vehicle Technician Accredited Assessment.

    ", + "

    MOT tester course (class 1, 2, 4 and 7)

    ", + "

    You must successfully complete an MOT tester qualification course to become an MOT tester.

    ", + "

    Before the course

    ", + "

    You need to show that you\u2019re eligible to become an MOT tester.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Find an MOT tester qualification course and book it with the course provider.

    ", + "

    You have to pay to take the course. The prices vary and are set by each course provider.

    ", + "

    What the course involves

    ", + "

    The course will cover theory and practical training on being an MOT tester.

    ", + "

    The course lasts at least 29 hours. You\u2019ll spend at least 8 hours doing practical training.

    ", + "

    There are 5 parts to the course:

    ", + "
  • safe working practices in the vehicle test centre
    • ", + "
  • working relationships within the vehicle test centre
    • ", + "
  • managing your own professional development as an MOT tester
    • ", + "
  • carrying out pre-test checks for an MOT test
    • ", + "
  • carrying out an MOT test
    • ", + "

    Assessments in the course

    ", + "

    The course also includes:

    ", + "
  • a multiple-choice question test
    • ", + "
  • a practical assessment
    • ", + "

    You have to pass both to successfully complete the course.

    ", + "

    Your course provider will give you more information on how their course works.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve done the course

    ", + "

    When you complete the course you get a Level 2 MOT Testing Award in either:

    ", + "
  • class 1 and 2 vehicles (group A)
    • ", + "
  • class 4 and 7 vehicles (group B)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a certificate which you need to book and take a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency MOT demonstration test.

    ", + "

    MOT demonstration test (class 1, 2, 4 and 7)

    ", + "

    You must pass an MOT demonstration test when you\u2019ve got your level 2 MOT testing certificate.

    ", + "

    You can do the demonstration test at either:

    ", + "
  • the training centre where you took the qualification course
    • ", + "
  • an MOT testing station you work at (that\u2019s open and trading)
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay to do the demonstration test.

    ", + "

    Before you book the test

    ", + "

    Before you book the test, you need to:

    ", + "
  • read the MOT testing manuals and special notices
    • ", + "
  • practise your inspection routine
    • ", + "
  • practise using the test equipment with different vehicles
    • ", + "
  • watch an experienced tester test different vehicles
    • ", + "

    How to book the test

    ", + "

    You can book your demonstration test once you can carry out an MOT test without any help.

    ", + "
  • Sign in to the MOT testing service - your account should have been created when you did your qualification course.
    • ", + "
  • Go to the your profile section and select qualifications.
    • ", + "
  • Add your level 2 MOT testing certificate number, and choose where you want to do the demonstration test - you\u2019ll need the ID number of the training centre or testing station.
    • ", + "
  • Request a test by calling the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). You\u2019ll need your user ID from the MOT testing service and the name and ID number of the test location you chose in step 3.
    • ", + "
  • DVSA will call you to set a test date - this can take several weeks. If DVSA has not called you within 4 weeks, you can call them to get an update.
    • ", + "

    What to bring to the test

    ", + "

    When you take your test, make sure you bring:

    ", + "
  • a vehicle that\u2019s at least 3 years old, in the vehicle class you\u2019re being tested on
    • ", + "
  • your UK driving licence (if you do not have a photocard licence you also need to take photo ID, such as your passport)
    • ", + "
  • your level 2 MOT testing award certificate
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled if you do not bring these things with you.

    ", + "

    What happens at the test

    ", + "

    The DVSA examiner will explain what you\u2019ll have to do. They\u2019ll ask you to:

    ", + "
  • carry out a demonstration test
    • ", + "
  • record the result in a practice version of the MOT testing service
    • ", + "
  • answer some questions about the MOT
    • ", + "

    Test result

    ", + "

    If you pass the demonstration test you can start doing MOT tests at the testing stations where you\u2019re a registered tester. These are listed in the MOT testing service.

    ", + "

    If you fail the demonstration test, the examiner will give you feedback and tell you what to do next.

    ", + "

    Class 3 or 5 MOT tester training

    ", + "

    You need to do another training course and MOT demonstration test to become a class 3 or 5 MOT tester.

    ", + "

    Before the training course

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that you\u2019ve already:

    ", + "
  • got a level 2 testing certificate in class 4 and 7 vehicles (group B)
    • ", + "
  • passed an MOT demonstration test after getting your level 2 certificate
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can book a class 3 or 5 training course by contacting these approved course providers. The prices vary and are set by each course provider.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve done the course

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a certificate. You need this to book and take a DVSA MOT demonstration test before you can work as a class 3 or 5 MOT tester.

    ", + "

    Do not enter the certificate details on the MOT testing service.

    ", + "

    The demonstration test involves being tested by a DVSA examiner at either:

    ", + "
  • the training centre where you took the qualification course
    • ", + "
  • a testing centre that tests class 3 and 5 vehicles
    • ", + "

    Preparing for the test

    ", + "

    Prepare for the demonstration test by:

    ", + "
  • reading the MOT testing manuals and special notices
    • ", + "
  • practicing your inspection routine
    • ", + "
  • making sure you have all the necessary documents, for example your driving licence
    • ", + "

    How to book the test

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your MOT testing service user ID
    • ", + "
  • to know the vehicle test station (VTS) number where you want to have your test
    • ", + "

    Call DVSA to book your test.

    ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    A DVSA examiner will check your:

    ", + "
  • UK driving licence (if you do not have a photocard licence you also need to take photo ID, such as your passport)
    • ", + "
  • class 3 or 5 MOT training certificate
    • ", + "

    The examiner will explain what you\u2019ll have to do. They\u2019ll ask you to:

    ", + "
  • carry out a demonstration test
    • ", + "
  • record the result in the training version of the MOT testing service
    • ", + "
  • answer some questions about the MOT
    • ", + "

    Test result

    ", + "

    If you pass the demonstration test you\u2019ll be able to do either class 3 or 5 MOT tests at testing stations authorised to test these classes.

    ", + "

    If you fail the demonstration test, the examiner will give you feedback and tell you what to do next.

    ", + "

    Annual training and assessment

    ", + "

    You must complete your training and pass an assessment between April and March every year, for example between April 2016 and March 2017.

    ", + "

    You choose when you do the training and assessment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be responsible for:

    ", + "
  • planning and doing your training
    • ", + "
  • recording your training and keeping evidence of it
    • ", + "
  • booking and taking the annual assessment
    • ", + "

    Returning to MOT testing

    ", + "

    You need to do more training and take a test if you\u2019re returning to MOT testing.

    ", + "

    What you have to do depends on:

    ", + "
  • why you stopped testing
    • ", + "
  • how long you stopped testing for
    • ", + "

    After a formal warning or disciplinary period

    ", + "

    You must complete all the steps before you can test again.

    ", + "

    Formal warning or disciplinary period of 28 days

    ", + "
  • Take the current year\u2019s annual training and assessment.
    • ", + "
  • Take extra training about the subjects you were disqualified for. For example, read the inspection manuals or take a training course. The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) can ask you for evidence you\u2019ve done it.
    • ", + "
  • Take a DVSA MOT demonstration test.
    • ", + "

    Disciplinary period of 2 or 5 years

    ", + "
  • Take an MOT tester qualification course.
    • ", + "
  • Take a DVSA MOT demonstration test.
    • ", + "

    If you stopped testing voluntarily

    ", + "

    You must complete all the steps before you can test again.

    ", + "

    Stopped for between 6 months and 5 years

    ", + "
  • Take the current year\u2019s annual training and assessment.
    • ", + "
  • Take extra training. For example, read the inspection manuals or take a training course. DVSA can ask you for evidence you\u2019ve done it.
    • ", + "
  • Take a \u2018returning to MOT testing\u2019 demonstration test. Call DVSA to book your test.
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give:

    ", + "
  • your MOT testing service user ID
    • ", + "
  • the number of the vehicle test station where you want to do the test
    • ", + "
  • the class of vehicle you want to test
    • ", + "

    Stopped for more than 5 years

    ", + "
  • Take an MOT tester qualification course.
    • ", + "
  • Take a DVSA MOT demonstration test.
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/mot-tester-training-assessments": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mot-tester-training-assessments", + "title": "MOT tester training and annual assessments", + "content": "## Staying qualified as an MOT tester\n\nYou must complete training and pass an assessment between April and March every year.\n\nYour MOT tester status will be suspended if you do not pass the annual assessment.\n\n## What you need to do\n\n- Do at least 3 hours of training each year and 16 hours in 5 years.\n\n- Keep a record of your training.\n\n- Book and take your assessment.\n\nIf you pass the assessment, you\u2019ll get a certificate. You can check if your certificate has been uploaded in the \u2018Annual assessment certificates\u2019 section of your MOT testing service profile. Contact your training provider if it\u2019s not been recorded correctly.\n\n## Training\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for planning and doing your training. You must keep a record of your training.\n\nYou can train on your own or in a group by:\n\n- studying MOT inspection manuals, special notices and the testing guide\n\n- discussing what you\u2019re learning with another tester (or group of testers)\n\n- demonstrating what you\u2019re learning to another tester\n\n- learning from a more experienced tester\n\nYou can also book a training course through one of these providers:\n\n- ABC Awards\n\n- City & Guilds\n\n- Institute of the Motor Industry\n\nCheck with the provider for the cost.\n\n## What you need to study\n\nThe topics you need to study depend on whether you test class 1 and 2 vehicles (\u2018group A\u2019) or class 3, 4, 5 and 7 vehicles (\u2018group B\u2019).\n\nSome topics are studied by both groups.\n\n## Group A (class 1 and 2 vehicles)\n\nIf you test vehicles in group A, you need to know about:\n\n- new vehicle technology\n\n- MOT test procedures\n\n- MOT testing requirements\n\n- corrosion and standards of repair\n\n- the MOT inspection manual for motorcycles and sidecars\n\n## Group B (class 3, 4, 5 and 7 vehicles)\n\nIf you test vehicles in group B, you need to know about:\n\n- new vehicle technology\n\n- MOT testing requirements\n\n- corrosion and standards of repair\n\n- the MOT inspection manual for cars and passenger vehicles\n\n## Groups A and B\n\nIf you test vehicles in both group A and group B, you need to study all the topics. You also need to train for at least 6 hours a year (instead of 3) and take 2 annual assessments.\n\n## Keeping a record of your training\n\nYou have to keep records for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to record:\n\n- the MOT annual training year (for example May 2021 to March 2022)\n\n- the date of the training\n\n- how long the training session lasted\n\n- what topics you covered during the session\n\n- notes on what you did, how you did it and what you learned\n\n- what vehicle groups your training covered\n\n- your name and MOT testing service user ID\n\nYou can use a template to record your training.\n\n## Taking your assessment\n\nYou can have your assessment at any point in the year, if you\u2019ve done your training.\n\nBook your assessment through one of these providers:\n\n- ABC awards\n\n- Institute of the Motor Industry\n\nYou have to pay for the assessment - check the cost with the provider.\n\n## What happens at the assessment\n\nYou take the assessment online, for example at home or at the provider.\n\nThe test is 30 multiple-choice questions. It usually takes around 1 hour.\n\nRead examples of the types of questions you\u2019ll be asked.\n\nYou can use your notes and the MOT inspection manual during the assessment.\n\n## After your assessment\n\nThe pass mark for 1 May 2021 to 31 March 2022 is 80%.\n\nYou get a certificate if you pass your assessment. Keep it with your training record.\n\nIf you do not pass, there\u2019s no limit on how many times you can take the assessment during the same year.\n\nYou must stop carrying out MOT tests if you have not passed by the end of the training year. Your MOT testing account will be suspended.\n\n## If you do not pass your assessment in the training year\n\nYou\u2019ll need to do the training and pass the annual assessment on the next year\u2019s topics. For example, if you did not pass the 2020 to 2021 assessment you will need to pass the 2021 to 2022 assessment.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve passed, you need to request and pass an MOT demonstration test. Your account will then be unsuspended.\n\nMOT demonstration tests are not taking place because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can still email DVSA to request an MOT demonstration test. DVSA will contact you when testing restarts.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- your MOT testing service user ID\n\n- the MOT centre number of where you want to take the test\n\nIf you\u2019ve carried out an MOT test in the last 12 months, DVSA will unsuspend your account and you\u2019ll be able to do MOT tests again if you do the training and pass the 2021 to 2022 assessment. You will not need to do a demonstration test.\n\nEmail DVSA if you\u2019ve carried out an MOT test in the last 12 months and have passed the 2021 to 2022 assessment, including:\n\n- your MOT testing service user ID\n\n- a copy of your certificate and training record\n\n- your MOT centre number", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Staying qualified as an MOT tester

    ", + "

    You must complete training and pass an assessment between April and March every year.

    ", + "

    Your MOT tester status will be suspended if you do not pass the annual assessment.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "
  • Do at least 3 hours of training each year and 16 hours in 5 years.
    • ", + "
  • Keep a record of your training.
    • ", + "
  • Book and take your assessment.
    • ", + "

    If you pass the assessment, you\u2019ll get a certificate. You can check if your certificate has been uploaded in the \u2018Annual assessment certificates\u2019 section of your MOT testing service profile. Contact your training provider if it\u2019s not been recorded correctly.

    ", + "

    Training

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for planning and doing your training. You must keep a record of your training.

    ", + "

    You can train on your own or in a group by:

    ", + "
  • studying MOT inspection manuals, special notices and the testing guide
    • ", + "
  • discussing what you\u2019re learning with another tester (or group of testers)
    • ", + "
  • demonstrating what you\u2019re learning to another tester
    • ", + "
  • learning from a more experienced tester
    • ", + "

    You can also book a training course through one of these providers:

    ", + "
  • ABC Awards
    • ", + "
  • City & Guilds
    • ", + "
  • Institute of the Motor Industry
    • ", + "

    Check with the provider for the cost.

    ", + "

    What you need to study

    ", + "

    The topics you need to study depend on whether you test class 1 and 2 vehicles (\u2018group A\u2019) or class 3, 4, 5 and 7 vehicles (\u2018group B\u2019).

    ", + "

    Some topics are studied by both groups.

    ", + "

    Group A (class 1 and 2 vehicles)

    ", + "

    If you test vehicles in group A, you need to know about:

    ", + "
  • new vehicle technology
    • ", + "
  • MOT test procedures
    • ", + "
  • MOT testing requirements
    • ", + "
  • corrosion and standards of repair
    • ", + "
  • the MOT inspection manual for motorcycles and sidecars
    • ", + "

    Group B (class 3, 4, 5 and 7 vehicles)

    ", + "

    If you test vehicles in group B, you need to know about:

    ", + "
  • new vehicle technology
    • ", + "
  • MOT testing requirements
    • ", + "
  • corrosion and standards of repair
    • ", + "
  • the MOT inspection manual for cars and passenger vehicles
    • ", + "

    Groups A and B

    ", + "

    If you test vehicles in both group A and group B, you need to study all the topics. You also need to train for at least 6 hours a year (instead of 3) and take 2 annual assessments.

    ", + "

    Keeping a record of your training

    ", + "

    You have to keep records for 5 years.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to record:

    ", + "
  • the MOT annual training year (for example May 2021 to March 2022)
    • ", + "
  • the date of the training
    • ", + "
  • how long the training session lasted
    • ", + "
  • what topics you covered during the session
    • ", + "
  • notes on what you did, how you did it and what you learned
    • ", + "
  • what vehicle groups your training covered
    • ", + "
  • your name and MOT testing service user ID
    • ", + "

    You can use a template to record your training.

    ", + "

    Taking your assessment

    ", + "

    You can have your assessment at any point in the year, if you\u2019ve done your training.

    ", + "

    Book your assessment through one of these providers:

    ", + "
  • ABC awards
    • ", + "
  • Institute of the Motor Industry
    • ", + "

    You have to pay for the assessment - check the cost with the provider.

    ", + "

    What happens at the assessment

    ", + "

    You take the assessment online, for example at home or at the provider.

    ", + "

    The test is 30 multiple-choice questions. It usually takes around 1 hour.

    ", + "

    Read examples of the types of questions you\u2019ll be asked.

    ", + "

    You can use your notes and the MOT inspection manual during the assessment.

    ", + "

    After your assessment

    ", + "

    The pass mark for 1 May 2021 to 31 March 2022 is 80%.

    ", + "

    You get a certificate if you pass your assessment. Keep it with your training record.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass, there\u2019s no limit on how many times you can take the assessment during the same year.

    ", + "

    You must stop carrying out MOT tests if you have not passed by the end of the training year. Your MOT testing account will be suspended.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass your assessment in the training year

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to do the training and pass the annual assessment on the next year\u2019s topics. For example, if you did not pass the 2020 to 2021 assessment you will need to pass the 2021 to 2022 assessment.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve passed, you need to request and pass an MOT demonstration test. Your account will then be unsuspended.

    ", + "

    MOT demonstration tests are not taking place because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can still email DVSA to request an MOT demonstration test. DVSA will contact you when testing restarts.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • your MOT testing service user ID
    • ", + "
  • the MOT centre number of where you want to take the test
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve carried out an MOT test in the last 12 months, DVSA will unsuspend your account and you\u2019ll be able to do MOT tests again if you do the training and pass the 2021 to 2022 assessment. You will not need to do a demonstration test.

    ", + "

    Email DVSA if you\u2019ve carried out an MOT test in the last 12 months and have passed the 2021 to 2022 assessment, including:

    ", + "
  • your MOT testing service user ID
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your certificate and training record
    • ", + "
  • your MOT centre number
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/become-an-mot-station": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-an-mot-station", + "title": "Set up an MOT test station", + "content": "## What you need to set up and start testing\n\nYou must meet a number of legal requirements if you want to set up an MOT test station.\n\n## Set up the test station\n\nYou need:\n\n- suitable premises and approved equipment for the vehicle classes you want to test\n\n- an authorised examiner (AE)\n\nThe AE is an individual, partnership or company authorised by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). The AE is responsible for making sure that:\n\n- MOT tests are properly conducted\n\n- the test facilities and equipment are checked and well-maintained\n\n- MOT documents are correctly stored and access to electronic MOT test systems is only given to eligible users\n\n- the MOT testers are assessed correctly and complete training and assessments\n\n- DVSA staff have access to the premises for checks on staff and equipment\n\n- DVSA is informed about significant changes to the business within 7 working days\n\n## Start MOT testing\n\nBefore you can carry out MOT testing you also need:\n\n- an MOT business manager (sometimes called an \u2018AE designated manager\u2019) who is in charge of all MOT testing by your business\n\n- an MOT tester approved for the vehicle classes you want to test\n\nThe MOT business manager must have taken an approved course, for example the former 2-day DVSA course or a level 3 award in MOT Test Centre Management.\n\nFind an MOT manager qualification course and book it with the course provider.\n\nYou have to pay to take the course. The price is set by the course provider.\n\n## Apply for authorised examiner status\n\nYou need an authorised examiner (AE) to set up an MOT test station. The AE can be an individual, partnership or company.\n\nAE status does not transfer with a business. If you\u2019re buying an existing MOT station, you need to apply for AE status in your own right.\n\n## How to apply\n\nSend form VT01 to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). The address is on the form.\n\nUse the same form if you already have AE status and want to open a test station.\n\nThe application form has guidance notes explaining the information you need to include. There is no fee.\n\nIf your application is refused, DVSA will write to you - you can appeal the decision and ask for a hearing by writing to DVSA within 14 days.\n\n## When you must reapply\n\nYou must reapply for AE status if your company is reconstructed in a way that means it\u2019s given a new company registration number.\n\n## Equipment and premises\n\nYou need to make sure that your equipment and premises are suitable for the vehicle classes you plan to test.\n\n## Equipment\n\nYou need to have a:\n\n- computer, laptop or tablet with internet connection\n\n- printer\n\nThese need to met the minimum IT specification.\n\n## Approved testing equipment\n\nDifferent classes of vehicle need different specialist test equipment.\n\nYou must make sure you have at least the minimum level for each vehicle class you\u2019re approved to test.\n\nAll equipment must be kept in good working order and calibrated properly.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use approved equipment for:\n\n- brake pedal application devices\n\n- decelerometers\n\n- diesel smoke meters\n\n- exhaust gas analysers (catalyst vehicles)\n\n- exhaust gas analysers (non-catalyst vehicles)\n\n- headlamp aim testers\n\n- plate brake testers\n\n- roller brake testers\n\n- tow bar socket testers\n\n- tyre tread depth gauges\n\n- wheel play detectors\n\nThere are 3 categories of decelerometers:\n\n- category A are approved for all classes of vehicle\n\n- category B are approved for class 3, 4, 5 and 7 vehicles\n\n- category C are approved for class 1 and 2 vehicles\n\nYou can download the lists of approved equipment.\n\n## Premises\n\nYou need to make sure your premises are suitable and testing bay sizes are correct for the vehicle classes you\u2019ll be testing. You can find the minimum standards in the MOT testing guide.\n\n## Approval in principle\n\nYour premises will be given an approval in principle when you apply for authorised examiner (AE) status. This will help you avoid committing to expensive work or alterations before your premises are approved.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already got AE status and want to make changes to the test facilities, write to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you make any changes. Include supporting drawings, to show that the changes will not affect the testing station\u2019s approval.\n\n## Meeting ongoing standards\n\nYou must clearly and publicly display the MOT test fees and appeals poster (VT9A) in your station.\n\nYou should conduct regular checks to make sure your MOT testing station meets the best practice standards at all times.\n\n## Prepare for site reviews\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will carry out regular risk-based site reviews of your station to make sure you continue to meet the standards.\n\nThis will involve checking your station is well maintained and that it offers clean and comfortable facilities, for example suitable customer waiting areas.\n\n## Learn about changes to MOT rules\n\nDVSA uses \u2018special notices\u2019 to tell you about changes to the MOT scheme. Authorised examiners (AEs) receive these automatically within the online MOT testing service.\n\n## If your service is not good enough\n\nDVSA can take disciplinary action or stop you operating as a testing station if your service is not good enough.\n\nIf you lose AE status for disciplinary reasons, anyone else applying for AE status at the same test station must prove they\u2019re sufficiently independent from you.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What you need to set up and start testing

    ", + "

    You must meet a number of legal requirements if you want to set up an MOT test station.

    ", + "

    Set up the test station

    ", + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • suitable premises and approved equipment for the vehicle classes you want to test
    • ", + "
  • an authorised examiner (AE)
    • ", + "

    The AE is an individual, partnership or company authorised by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). The AE is responsible for making sure that:

    ", + "
  • MOT tests are properly conducted
    • ", + "
  • the test facilities and equipment are checked and well-maintained
    • ", + "
  • MOT documents are correctly stored and access to electronic MOT test systems is only given to eligible users
    • ", + "
  • the MOT testers are assessed correctly and complete training and assessments
    • ", + "
  • DVSA staff have access to the premises for checks on staff and equipment
    • ", + "
  • DVSA is informed about significant changes to the business within 7 working days
    • ", + "

    Start MOT testing

    ", + "

    Before you can carry out MOT testing you also need:

    ", + "
  • an MOT business manager (sometimes called an \u2018AE designated manager\u2019) who is in charge of all MOT testing by your business
    • ", + "
  • an MOT tester approved for the vehicle classes you want to test
    • ", + "

    The MOT business manager must have taken an approved course, for example the former 2-day DVSA course or a level 3 award in MOT Test Centre Management.

    ", + "

    Find an MOT manager qualification course and book it with the course provider.

    ", + "

    You have to pay to take the course. The price is set by the course provider.

    ", + "

    Apply for authorised examiner status

    ", + "

    You need an authorised examiner (AE) to set up an MOT test station. The AE can be an individual, partnership or company.

    ", + "

    AE status does not transfer with a business. If you\u2019re buying an existing MOT station, you need to apply for AE status in your own right.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Send form VT01 to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Use the same form if you already have AE status and want to open a test station.

    ", + "

    The application form has guidance notes explaining the information you need to include. There is no fee.

    ", + "

    If your application is refused, DVSA will write to you - you can appeal the decision and ask for a hearing by writing to DVSA within 14 days.

    ", + "

    When you must reapply

    ", + "

    You must reapply for AE status if your company is reconstructed in a way that means it\u2019s given a new company registration number.

    ", + "

    Equipment and premises

    ", + "

    You need to make sure that your equipment and premises are suitable for the vehicle classes you plan to test.

    ", + "

    Equipment

    ", + "

    You need to have a:

    ", + "
  • computer, laptop or tablet with internet connection
    • ", + "
  • printer
    • ", + "

    These need to met the minimum IT specification.

    ", + "

    Approved testing equipment

    ", + "

    Different classes of vehicle need different specialist test equipment.

    ", + "

    You must make sure you have at least the minimum level for each vehicle class you\u2019re approved to test.

    ", + "

    All equipment must be kept in good working order and calibrated properly.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use approved equipment for:

    ", + "
  • brake pedal application devices
    • ", + "
  • decelerometers
    • ", + "
  • diesel smoke meters
    • ", + "
  • exhaust gas analysers (catalyst vehicles)
    • ", + "
  • exhaust gas analysers (non-catalyst vehicles)
    • ", + "
  • headlamp aim testers
    • ", + "
  • plate brake testers
    • ", + "
  • roller brake testers
    • ", + "
  • tow bar socket testers
    • ", + "
  • tyre tread depth gauges
    • ", + "
  • wheel play detectors
    • ", + "

    There are 3 categories of decelerometers:

    ", + "
  • category A are approved for all classes of vehicle
    • ", + "
  • category B are approved for class 3, 4, 5 and 7 vehicles
    • ", + "
  • category C are approved for class 1 and 2 vehicles
    • ", + "

    You can download the lists of approved equipment.

    ", + "

    Premises

    ", + "

    You need to make sure your premises are suitable and testing bay sizes are correct for the vehicle classes you\u2019ll be testing. You can find the minimum standards in the MOT testing guide.

    ", + "

    Approval in principle

    ", + "

    Your premises will be given an approval in principle when you apply for authorised examiner (AE) status. This will help you avoid committing to expensive work or alterations before your premises are approved.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already got AE status and want to make changes to the test facilities, write to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you make any changes. Include supporting drawings, to show that the changes will not affect the testing station\u2019s approval.

    ", + "

    Meeting ongoing standards

    ", + "

    You must clearly and publicly display the MOT test fees and appeals poster (VT9A) in your station.

    ", + "

    You should conduct regular checks to make sure your MOT testing station meets the best practice standards at all times.

    ", + "

    Prepare for site reviews

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will carry out regular risk-based site reviews of your station to make sure you continue to meet the standards.

    ", + "

    This will involve checking your station is well maintained and that it offers clean and comfortable facilities, for example suitable customer waiting areas.

    ", + "

    Learn about changes to MOT rules

    ", + "

    DVSA uses \u2018special notices\u2019 to tell you about changes to the MOT scheme. Authorised examiners (AEs) receive these automatically within the online MOT testing service.

    ", + "

    If your service is not good enough

    ", + "

    DVSA can take disciplinary action or stop you operating as a testing station if your service is not good enough.

    ", + "

    If you lose AE status for disciplinary reasons, anyone else applying for AE status at the same test station must prove they\u2019re sufficiently independent from you.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/becoming-a-speed-limiter-centre": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/becoming-a-speed-limiter-centre", + "title": "Becoming a speed limiter centre", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA speed limiter centre installs or adjusts devices that limit how fast a vehicle can go.\n\nUsually, only existing vehicle dealerships will become a speed limiter centre.\n\nIf you want to become a speed limiter centre, you\u2019ll need to get either:\n\n- approval from the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become an independent centre\n\n- sponsored by a DVSA approved vehicle or speed limiter maker\n\n## Independent centres\n\nFill in the application form and send it to DVSA.\n\n## Inspections\n\nDVSA will inspect your premises, facilities and staff before approving your speed limiter centre.\n\n## Approval\n\nYou\u2019ll receive an authorisation letter from DVSA if your independent speed limiter centre is approved.\n\n## Sponsored centres\n\nYou\u2019ll need to be a sponsored vehicle dealership to become a sponsored speed limiter centre.\n\n## Sponsors\n\nSponsors are DVSA-approved makers or suppliers of either:\n\n- vehicles\n\n- speed limiters\n\nOnce approved, sponsors are able to approve vehicle dealerships they already work with that want to become speed limiter centres.\n\n## Get sponsored\n\nContact the sponsors of your vehicle dealership to ask them if you can become a sponsored speed limiter centre.\n\nYou can have more than 1 sponsor.\n\n## Inspections\n\nSponsors carry out regular checks on their approved agents equipment and also provide them with:\n\n- training\n\n- technical support\n\n- new equipment and software\n\n## Approval\n\nYou\u2019ll receive an authorisation letter from your sponsor if they approve you as a sponsored speed limiter centre.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A speed limiter centre installs or adjusts devices that limit how fast a vehicle can go.

    ", + "

    Usually, only existing vehicle dealerships will become a speed limiter centre.

    ", + "

    If you want to become a speed limiter centre, you\u2019ll need to get either:

    ", + "
  • approval from the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become an independent centre
    • ", + "
  • sponsored by a DVSA approved vehicle or speed limiter maker
    • ", + "

    Independent centres

    ", + "

    Fill in the application form and send it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    Inspections

    ", + "

    DVSA will inspect your premises, facilities and staff before approving your speed limiter centre.

    ", + "

    Approval

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive an authorisation letter from DVSA if your independent speed limiter centre is approved.

    ", + "

    Sponsored centres

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to be a sponsored vehicle dealership to become a sponsored speed limiter centre.

    ", + "

    Sponsors

    ", + "

    Sponsors are DVSA-approved makers or suppliers of either:

    ", + "
  • vehicles
    • ", + "
  • speed limiters
    • ", + "

    Once approved, sponsors are able to approve vehicle dealerships they already work with that want to become speed limiter centres.

    ", + "

    Get sponsored

    ", + "

    Contact the sponsors of your vehicle dealership to ask them if you can become a sponsored speed limiter centre.

    ", + "

    You can have more than 1 sponsor.

    ", + "

    Inspections

    ", + "

    Sponsors carry out regular checks on their approved agents equipment and also provide them with:

    ", + "
  • training
    • ", + "
  • technical support
    • ", + "
  • new equipment and software
    • ", + "

    Approval

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive an authorisation letter from your sponsor if they approve you as a sponsored speed limiter centre.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-1-test": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-1-test", + "title": "Approved driving instructor (ADI) part 1 test", + "content": "## Booking your test\n\nYou can book your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 1 test when your application to start the ADI qualifying process has been accepted.\n\nIt\u2019s the first of 3 tests you have to pass to qualify as an ADI. It\u2019s a theory test.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test:\n\n- multiple-choice questions\n\n- hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road\n\nYou book and take them as a single test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.\n\nThe ADI part 1 test works differently in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your ADI part 1 test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days after your last test.\n\n## Revision and practice\n\nYou can use books and software to revise for the theory test.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nThe questions in the theory test are based on:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Driving - the essential skills\n\n- the official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) theory test kit for approved driving instructors e-Learning\n\n- the Driving Instructor\u2019s Handbook\n\nStudy these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.\n\nYou can buy them online or from most high street bookshops.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nBuy the official DVSA theory test kit for approved driving instructors e-Learning to learn hazard perception skills and then test them.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## Lost your licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nRearrange your test if you do not get it in time.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\n## Personal belongings\n\nYou will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:\n\n- bags\n\n- earphones\n\n- mobile phones\n\n- watches\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.\n\nIf your test centre does not have lockers, you must:\n\n- turn off your phone before you enter the test centre\n\n- put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test\n\nThe test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer 100 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens\n\n## How the test works\n\nThere are 25 questions in each of these 4 categories:\n\n- road procedure\n\n- traffic signs and signals, car control, pedestrians and mechanical knowledge\n\n- driving test, disabilities, and the law\n\n- publications and instructional techniques\n\nA question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.\n\n## Leaving a question\n\nYou can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.\n\n## Changing your answers\n\nYou can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.\n\n## When you\u2019ve finished\n\nYou can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 1 hour and 30 minutes.\n\nYou can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:\n\n- feature everyday road scenes\n\n- contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards\n\nYou get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.\n\n## What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is\n\nA developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.\n\n## How the scoring works\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.\n\nTo get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.\n\nYou do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.\n\nYou only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.\n\n## Pass mark and test result\n\nYou\u2019ll get the result at the test centre after taking the test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.\n\nTo pass the multiple-choice part, you must get both:\n\n- an overall score of at least 85 out of 100\n\n- at least 20 out of 25 in each of the 4 categories of questions\n\nYou\u2019ll fail if you get an overall score of 85 or higher, but do not score high enough in each of the 4 categories.\n\nTo pass the hazard perception part, you need to score at least 57 points out of 75.\n\n## If you pass\n\nYou\u2019ll get a pass certificate letter if you pass the test. You\u2019ll need this when you book and take your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test.\n\nYour pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You must qualify as an ADI in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to start the application process again.\n\n## If you fail\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.\n\nYou must book and take the full test again.\n\nYou have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.\n\n## If you have reading difficulties\n\nWhen you book your test you should say if you have a reading difficulty.\n\nYou can then ask for an English voiceover. This lets you hear the test instructions and questions through headphones.\n\nYou can hear the questions and possible answers as many times as you like.\n\n## Extra time to take the test\n\nYou can ask for more time to do the multiple-choice questions part of the test.\n\nTo do this, you must send proof to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) that you have a reading difficulty. The proof could be an email or letter from a:\n\n- teacher or other educational professional\n\n- doctor or medical professional\n\n- an occupational therapist\n\n- an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Booking your test

    ", + "

    You can book your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 1 test when your application to start the ADI qualifying process has been accepted.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s the first of 3 tests you have to pass to qualify as an ADI. It\u2019s a theory test.

    ", + "

    There are 2 parts to the test:

    ", + "
  • multiple-choice questions
    • ", + "
  • hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road
    • ", + "

    You book and take them as a single test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + "

    The ADI part 1 test works differently in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Change or check your test details

    ", + "

    You can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.

    ", + "

    Rebook your test

    ", + "

    Rebook your ADI part 1 test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days after your last test.

    ", + "

    Revision and practice

    ", + "

    You can use books and software to revise for the theory test.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    The questions in the theory test are based on:

    ", + "
  • The Highway Code
    • ", + "
  • Know your traffic signs
    • ", + "
  • Driving - the essential skills
    • ", + "
  • the official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) theory test kit for approved driving instructors e-Learning
    • ", + "
  • the Driving Instructor\u2019s Handbook
    • ", + "

    Study these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.

    ", + "

    You can buy them online or from most high street bookshops.

    ", + "

    Hazard perception test

    ", + "

    Buy the official DVSA theory test kit for approved driving instructors e-Learning to learn hazard perception skills and then test them.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering at your test

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    Wearing glasses does not count as a good reason.

    ", + "

    You need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.

    ", + "

    When you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    You must not go to your test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Change your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    Lost your licence

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    ", + "

    Rearrange your test if you do not get it in time.

    ", + "

    If you have a paper licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.

    ", + "

    Personal belongings

    ", + "

    You will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:

    ", + "
  • bags
    • ", + "
  • earphones
    • ", + "
  • mobile phones
    • ", + "
  • watches
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.

    ", + "

    If your test centre does not have lockers, you must:

    ", + "
  • turn off your phone before you enter the test centre
    • ", + "
  • put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test
    • ", + "

    The test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    You have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer 100 multiple-choice questions.

    ", + "

    Before the test starts you\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • instructions on how the test works
    • ", + "
  • the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens
    • ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    There are 25 questions in each of these 4 categories:

    ", + "
  • road procedure
    • ", + "
  • traffic signs and signals, car control, pedestrians and mechanical knowledge
    • ", + "
  • driving test, disabilities, and the law
    • ", + "
  • publications and instructional techniques
    • ", + "

    A question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.

    ", + "

    Leaving a question

    ", + "

    You can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.

    ", + "

    Changing your answers

    ", + "

    You can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve finished

    ", + "

    You can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 1 hour and 30 minutes.

    ", + "

    You can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.

    ", + "

    Hazard perception test

    ", + "

    Before you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:

    ", + "
  • feature everyday road scenes
    • ", + "
  • contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards
    • ", + "

    You get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.

    ", + "

    What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is

    ", + "

    A developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.

    ", + "

    How the scoring works

    ", + "

    You can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.

    ", + "

    To get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.

    ", + "

    You do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.

    ", + "

    You only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.

    ", + "

    Pass mark and test result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the result at the test centre after taking the test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + "

    To pass the multiple-choice part, you must get both:

    ", + "
  • an overall score of at least 85 out of 100
    • ", + "
  • at least 20 out of 25 in each of the 4 categories of questions
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll fail if you get an overall score of 85 or higher, but do not score high enough in each of the 4 categories.

    ", + "

    To pass the hazard perception part, you need to score at least 57 points out of 75.

    ", + "

    If you pass

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a pass certificate letter if you pass the test. You\u2019ll need this when you book and take your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test.

    ", + "

    Your pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You must qualify as an ADI in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to start the application process again.

    ", + "

    If you fail

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.

    ", + "

    You must book and take the full test again.

    ", + "

    You have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.

    ", + "

    If you have reading difficulties

    ", + "

    When you book your test you should say if you have a reading difficulty.

    ", + "

    You can then ask for an English voiceover. This lets you hear the test instructions and questions through headphones.

    ", + "

    You can hear the questions and possible answers as many times as you like.

    ", + "

    Extra time to take the test

    ", + "

    You can ask for more time to do the multiple-choice questions part of the test.

    ", + "

    To do this, you must send proof to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) that you have a reading difficulty. The proof could be an email or letter from a:

    ", + "
  • teacher or other educational professional
    • ", + "
  • doctor or medical professional
    • ", + "
  • an occupational therapist
    • ", + "
  • an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-2-test": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-2-test", + "title": "Approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test", + "content": "## Booking your test\n\nYou can book your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test when you\u2019ve passed your ADI part 1 test.\n\nIt\u2019s the second of 3 tests you have to pass to qualify as an ADI. It\u2019s a test of your driving ability.\n\nThe ADI part 2 test works differently in Northern Ireland.\n\nTo pass the test you must be able to:\n\n- drive safely in different road and traffic conditions\n\n- show that you know The Highway Code by the way you drive\n\nThe national standard for driving cars tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test.\n\nYou can find driving instructor training if you need help to prepare for the test.\n\nOnly take your test when you can do everything without instruction.\n\n## Driving tests and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so.\n\nYou must also clean the inside of your car before your test. This means wiping down surfaces and tidying. The examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring:\n\n- your UK driving licence\n\n- your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 1 pass certificate\n\n- a face covering, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to wear one\n\n- a suitable car\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Reasons why you must not go to your test\n\nDo not go to your driving test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your test appointment or cancel your test for free if you\u2019re not able to go.\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so. For example, because:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. Otherwise, your test will be cancelled if you arrive without one.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\n## If you do not have a photocard licence\n\nBring a valid passport and your paper licence.\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nBring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.\n\n## Rules for the car you use\n\nWhen you take a test, your car must:\n\n- be taxed\n\n- be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)\n\n- be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)\n\n- be a saloon, hatchback or estate car in good working condition - you cannot use a convertible\n\n- have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light\n\n- have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted\n\n- be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test\n\n- be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer\n\n- have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg\n\nThe MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety\n\nBecause of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.\n\nThis means:\n\n- tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats\n\n- wiping down the dashboard and car controls\n\nThe examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.\n\nThe car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Vehicle fittings and features\n\nThe car must have:\n\n- an extra interior rear-view mirror for the examiner\n\n- a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)\n\n## Dashcams and other cameras\n\nYou can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:\n\n- faces outside of the car and does not film the inside\n\n- does not record audio from inside the car\n\n## Vehicle features\n\nYou can use a car with:\n\n- an electronic parking brake\n\n- hill-start assist\n\n## Hire cars\n\nYou can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.\n\n## Manual and automatic cars\n\nIf you have a manual licence, you can take the test in either a manual or automatic car. You\u2019ll be able to train people in both types of car when you\u2019ve qualified.\n\nIf you have an automatic licence, you must take the test in an automatic car. You\u2019ll only be able to train people in an automatic car when you\u2019ve qualified.\n\n## Cars you cannot use\n\nSome cars cannot be used in the test because they do not give the examiner all-round vision.\n\nYou cannot use any of the following:\n\n- BMW Mini convertible\n\n- Ford KA convertible\n\n- Toyota iQ\n\n- VW Beetle convertible\n\nCheck with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test if you want to use a:\n\n- convertible car\n\n- panel van\n\n## Cars with known safety faults\n\nYou cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.\n\nYou must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.\n\n| | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date |\n\n| Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and 0N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n## Proof you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring proof that says one of the following:\n\n- the car was recalled and the recall work has been done\n\n- the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done\n\n- the car was not part of the recall\n\nThe proof must be either:\n\n- the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer\n\n- on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.\n\n## What happens during the test\n\nThere are 5 parts to the approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test:\n\n- an eyesight check\n\n- \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions\n\n- general driving ability\n\n- manoeuvres\n\n- independent driving\n\n## How long the test lasts\n\nThe test takes around one hour.\n\n## The eyesight test\n\nYou\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 26.5 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 27.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, such as AB51 ABC.\n\nYou\u2019ll fail the test if you do not pass the eyesight test. It will count as one of the 3 attempts you\u2019re allowed at the ADI part 2 test.\n\n## \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked 5 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions. These test that you know how to carry out basic safety tasks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked:\n\n- 3 \u2018tell me\u2019 questions at the start of your test, before you start driving\n\n- 2 \u2018show me\u2019 questions while you\u2019re driving - for example, showing how to wash the windscreen using the car controls and wipers\n\nYou\u2019ll get a driving fault for each incorrect answer you give.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a serious fault and fail the test if you answer all 5 questions incorrectly, or if you lose control of the car while answering any of the \u2018show me\u2019 questions.\n\n## Your general driving ability\n\nYou\u2019ll have to show the examiner all of the following:\n\n- expert handling of the controls\n\n- use of correct road procedure\n\n- anticipation of the actions of other road users and then taking appropriate action\n\n- sound judgement of distance, speed and timing\n\n- consideration for the convenience and safety of other road users\n\n- driving in an environmentally-friendly manner\n\nYou\u2019ll drive in varying road and traffic conditions, including motorways or dual carriageways where possible.\n\nYou might also be asked to carry out an emergency stop.\n\n## Reversing your vehicle\n\nThe examiner will ask you to do 2 of the following exercises:\n\n- parallel park at the side of the road\n\n- reverse into a parking bay and drive out\n\n- drive into a parking bay and reverse out\n\n- pull up on the right-hand side of the road, reverse for around 2 car lengths, and rejoin the traffic\n\n## Independent driving\n\nYou\u2019ll have to drive for about 20 minutes by following either:\n\n- directions from a sat nav\n\n- traffic signs\n\nThe examiner will tell you which you have to do.\n\n## Following directions from a sat nav\n\nThe examiner will provide the sat nav and set it up for you.\n\nYou cannot follow directions from your own sat nav during the test.\n\n## Going off the route\n\nYour test result will not be affected if you take a wrong turning, unless you make a fault while doing it.\n\nThe examiner will help you get back on the route if you do.\n\n## If you cannot see traffic signs\n\nIf you cannot see a traffic sign (for example, because it\u2019s covered by trees), the examiner will give you directions until you can see the next one.\n\n## If you make mistakes during your test\n\nYou can carry on if you make a mistake. It might not affect your test result if it\u2019s not serious.\n\nYour driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre if the mistake you made means you\u2019ve failed. The test will end early.\n\n## Faults and test result\n\nThere are 3 types of faults you can make:\n\n- a dangerous fault - this involves actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- a serious fault - something potentially dangerous\n\n- a driving fault - this is not potentially dangerous, but if you keep making the same fault, it could become a serious fault\n\n## Pass mark\n\nYou\u2019ll pass your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test if you make:\n\n- no more than 6 driving faults\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults\n\n## If you pass your test\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a copy of the driving test report\n\nYou can then either:\n\n- book your ADI part 3 test\n\n- apply for a trainee driving instructor licence\n\nA trainee driving instructor licence can help you prepare for the ADI part 3 test.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nThe examiner will tell you what faults you made.\n\nYou can take the test again if you fail at either your first or second attempt.\n\nYou have to pay again to book another test.\n\n## Failing the third attempt\n\nYou have to retake and pass the ADI part 1 test again if you fail the ADI part 2 test 3 times.\n\nYou have to wait 2 years from when you first passed the ADI part 1 test before you can take it again.\n\n## Appeal your ADI part 2 test\n\nYou can appeal your test if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law.\n\nRead the guidance on appealing your test to check if your examiner followed the law.\n\nIf you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)\n\nIf DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.\n\nIf DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.\n\n## Appeal your test to a court\n\nYou can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.\n\nYour test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.\n\nYou might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to appeal within:\n\n- 6 months of your test in England and Wales\n\n- 21 days of your test in Scotland\n\nCheck if you can appeal.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather\n\nYour driving test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.\n\n## If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take this test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nDriving tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\nThe phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your car\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used\n\n## If your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Booking your test

    ", + "

    You can book your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test when you\u2019ve passed your ADI part 1 test.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s the second of 3 tests you have to pass to qualify as an ADI. It\u2019s a test of your driving ability.

    ", + "

    The ADI part 2 test works differently in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    To pass the test you must be able to:

    ", + "
  • drive safely in different road and traffic conditions
    • ", + "
  • show that you know The Highway Code by the way you drive
    • ", + "

    The national standard for driving cars tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test.

    ", + "

    You can find driving instructor training if you need help to prepare for the test.

    ", + "

    Only take your test when you can do everything without instruction.

    ", + "

    Driving tests and coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You must bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so.

    ", + "

    You must also clean the inside of your car before your test. This means wiping down surfaces and tidying. The examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring:

    ", + "
  • your UK driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 1 pass certificate
    • ", + "
  • a face covering, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to wear one
    • ", + "
  • a suitable car
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    Reasons why you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    Do not go to your driving test if:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Change your test appointment or cancel your test for free if you\u2019re not able to go.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You must bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so. For example, because:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    You need to say if you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. Otherwise, your test will be cancelled if you arrive without one.

    ", + "

    You can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.

    ", + "

    Your driving licence

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport and your paper licence.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Bring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.

    ", + "

    Rules for the car you use

    ", + "

    When you take a test, your car must:

    ", + "
  • be taxed
    • ", + "
  • be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)
    • ", + "
  • be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)
    • ", + "
  • be a saloon, hatchback or estate car in good working condition - you cannot use a convertible
    • ", + "
  • have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light
    • ", + "
  • have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted
    • ", + "
  • be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test
    • ", + "
  • be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer
    • ", + "
  • have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg
    • ", + "

    The MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.

    ", + "

    This means:

    ", + "
  • tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats
    • ", + "
  • wiping down the dashboard and car controls
    • ", + "

    The examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.

    ", + "

    The car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    ", + "

    Vehicle fittings and features

    ", + "

    The car must have:

    ", + "
  • an extra interior rear-view mirror for the examiner
    • ", + "
  • a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)
    • ", + "

    Dashcams and other cameras

    ", + "

    You can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:

    ", + "
  • faces outside of the car and does not film the inside
    • ", + "
  • does not record audio from inside the car
    • ", + "

    Vehicle features

    ", + "

    You can use a car with:

    ", + "
  • an electronic parking brake
    • ", + "
  • hill-start assist
    • ", + "

    Hire cars

    ", + "

    You can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.

    ", + "

    Manual and automatic cars

    ", + "

    If you have a manual licence, you can take the test in either a manual or automatic car. You\u2019ll be able to train people in both types of car when you\u2019ve qualified.

    ", + "

    If you have an automatic licence, you must take the test in an automatic car. You\u2019ll only be able to train people in an automatic car when you\u2019ve qualified.

    ", + "

    Cars you cannot use

    ", + "

    Some cars cannot be used in the test because they do not give the examiner all-round vision.

    ", + "

    You cannot use any of the following:

    ", + "
  • BMW Mini convertible
    • ", + "
  • Ford KA convertible
    • ", + "
  • Toyota iQ
    • ", + "
  • VW Beetle convertible
    • ", + "

    Check with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test if you want to use a:

    ", + "
  • convertible car
    • ", + "
  • panel van
    • ", + "

    Cars with known safety faults

    ", + "

    You cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.

    ", + "

    You must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.

    ", + " | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date", + "Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and 0N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014", + "Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014", + "Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014", + "

    Proof you need to bring to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring proof that says one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the car was recalled and the recall work has been done
    • ", + "
  • the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done
    • ", + "
  • the car was not part of the recall
    • ", + "

    The proof must be either:

    ", + "
  • the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer
    • ", + "
  • on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.

    ", + "

    What happens during the test

    ", + "

    There are 5 parts to the approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test:

    ", + "
  • an eyesight check
    • ", + "
  • \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions
    • ", + "
  • general driving ability
    • ", + "
  • manoeuvres
    • ", + "
  • independent driving
    • ", + "

    How long the test lasts

    ", + "

    The test takes around one hour.

    ", + "

    The eyesight test

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:

    ", + "
  • 26.5 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate
    • ", + "
  • 27.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate
    • ", + "

    New-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, such as AB51 ABC.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll fail the test if you do not pass the eyesight test. It will count as one of the 3 attempts you\u2019re allowed at the ADI part 2 test.

    ", + "

    \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked 5 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions. These test that you know how to carry out basic safety tasks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked:

    ", + "
  • 3 \u2018tell me\u2019 questions at the start of your test, before you start driving
    • ", + "
  • 2 \u2018show me\u2019 questions while you\u2019re driving - for example, showing how to wash the windscreen using the car controls and wipers
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a driving fault for each incorrect answer you give.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a serious fault and fail the test if you answer all 5 questions incorrectly, or if you lose control of the car while answering any of the \u2018show me\u2019 questions.

    ", + "

    Your general driving ability

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to show the examiner all of the following:

    ", + "
  • expert handling of the controls
    • ", + "
  • use of correct road procedure
    • ", + "
  • anticipation of the actions of other road users and then taking appropriate action
    • ", + "
  • sound judgement of distance, speed and timing
    • ", + "
  • consideration for the convenience and safety of other road users
    • ", + "
  • driving in an environmentally-friendly manner
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive in varying road and traffic conditions, including motorways or dual carriageways where possible.

    ", + "

    You might also be asked to carry out an emergency stop.

    ", + "

    Reversing your vehicle

    ", + "

    The examiner will ask you to do 2 of the following exercises:

    ", + "
  • parallel park at the side of the road
    • ", + "
  • reverse into a parking bay and drive out
    • ", + "
  • drive into a parking bay and reverse out
    • ", + "
  • pull up on the right-hand side of the road, reverse for around 2 car lengths, and rejoin the traffic
    • ", + "

    Independent driving

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to drive for about 20 minutes by following either:

    ", + "
  • directions from a sat nav
    • ", + "
  • traffic signs
    • ", + "

    The examiner will tell you which you have to do.

    ", + "

    Following directions from a sat nav

    ", + "

    The examiner will provide the sat nav and set it up for you.

    ", + "

    You cannot follow directions from your own sat nav during the test.

    ", + "

    Going off the route

    ", + "

    Your test result will not be affected if you take a wrong turning, unless you make a fault while doing it.

    ", + "

    The examiner will help you get back on the route if you do.

    ", + "

    If you cannot see traffic signs

    ", + "

    If you cannot see a traffic sign (for example, because it\u2019s covered by trees), the examiner will give you directions until you can see the next one.

    ", + "

    If you make mistakes during your test

    ", + "

    You can carry on if you make a mistake. It might not affect your test result if it\u2019s not serious.

    ", + "

    Your driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre if the mistake you made means you\u2019ve failed. The test will end early.

    ", + "

    Faults and test result

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of faults you can make:

    ", + "
  • a dangerous fault - this involves actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property
    • ", + "
  • a serious fault - something potentially dangerous
    • ", + "
  • a driving fault - this is not potentially dangerous, but if you keep making the same fault, it could become a serious fault
    • ", + "

    Pass mark

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pass your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test if you make:

    ", + "
  • no more than 6 driving faults
    • ", + "
  • no serious or dangerous faults
    • ", + "

    If you pass your test

    ", + "

    The examiner will:

    ", + "
  • tell you what faults you made, if any
    • ", + "
  • give you a copy of the driving test report
    • ", + "

    You can then either:

    ", + "
  • book your ADI part 3 test
    • ", + "
  • apply for a trainee driving instructor licence
    • ", + "

    A trainee driving instructor licence can help you prepare for the ADI part 3 test.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass

    ", + "

    The examiner will tell you what faults you made.

    ", + "

    You can take the test again if you fail at either your first or second attempt.

    ", + "

    You have to pay again to book another test.

    ", + "

    Failing the third attempt

    ", + "

    You have to retake and pass the ADI part 1 test again if you fail the ADI part 2 test 3 times.

    ", + "

    You have to wait 2 years from when you first passed the ADI part 1 test before you can take it again.

    ", + "

    Appeal your ADI part 2 test

    ", + "

    You can appeal your test if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on appealing your test to check if your examiner followed the law.

    ", + "

    If you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)

    ", + "

    If DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.

    ", + "

    If DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.

    ", + "

    Appeal your test to a court

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.

    ", + "

    Your test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to appeal within:

    ", + "
  • 6 months of your test in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • 21 days of your test in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Check if you can appeal.

    ", + "

    If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather

    ", + "

    Your driving test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.

    ", + "

    If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take this test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.

    ", + "

    Bad weather

    ", + "

    Driving tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.

    ", + "

    Call your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\nThe phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.

    ", + "

    If your test cannot go ahead

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:

    ", + "
  • automatically book the next available date for your test
    • ", + "
  • send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather
    • ", + "

    You can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.

    ", + "

    Problems with you or your car

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:

    ", + "
  • you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test
    • ", + "
  • your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used
    • ", + "

    If your test is cancelled for another reason

    ", + "

    Sometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/trainee-driving-instructor-licence-the-rules": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trainee-driving-instructor-licence-the-rules", + "title": "Get a trainee driving instructor licence", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a trainee driving instructor licence after you pass the approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test.\n\nA trainee licence:\n\n- helps you get experience instructing pupils to drive so you can prepare for the ADI part 3 test\n\n- lasts for 6 months\n\nYou can charge for lessons to cover the cost of things like your insurance and vehicle costs.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply for a trainee licence if you:\n\n- have passed your ADI part 1 test in the last 2 years\n\n- have passed the ADI part 2 test\n\n- have had at least 40 hours of training from a qualified ADI in providing \ndriving instruction (at least 10 of which were done in a car), recorded on the ADI 21T declaration form\n\n- are eligible to take the ADI part 3 test\n\n## Being refused a trainee licence\n\nYou can appeal to the General Regulatory Chamber if you\u2019re refused a trainee licence.\n\nThe rules and process for getting a trainee licence are different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Options when you apply for a trainee licence\n\nYou have 2 options to choose from when you apply for a trainee licence. You must either:\n\n- be supervised for 20% of all lessons you give while you have your trainee licence\n\n- do at least 20 hours of extra training while you have your trainee licence\n\nYou can only choose one option and you cannot change to the other after you\u2019ve made your decision.\n\nTalk to your sponsoring approved driving instructor (ADI) or training organisation about which option is best for you.\n\n## Option 1 - supervision of lessons\n\nIn this option you have to be supervised by your sponsoring ADI for 20% of all the lessons you give.\n\nYou must keep a record of the number of hours:\n\n- you give lessons\n\n- you are supervised\n\nThe ADI 21S supervision record form must be signed by both you and your ADI. You must send it to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) when your trainee licence runs out.\n\nYou cannot currently send this by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVSA by email instead.\n\n## Option 2 - extra training\n\nIn this option, you have to do at least 20 hours of extra training in the topics in the training programme.\n\nAfter you get your training licence, you must complete the training within the next 3 months and before you book the ADI part 3 test.\n\nAt least 25% of the training must be practical in-car training.\n\nThe training must be recorded on the\ninstructor training declaration form.\u200b\n\nYou must send the form to DVSA as soon as you\u2019ve completed your training. If you do not send the form, DVSA can take your trainee licence away.\n\nYou cannot currently send this by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVSA by email instead.\n\n## If you fail the ADI part 3 test or you do not book it in time\n\nIf you fail the test, you must do 5 hours of extra training before your next attempt. You have 3 attempts to pass the test.\n\nIf you do not book the test within 3 months of getting your licence, you must take 5 hours of extra training before you book the test.\n\nEach time you do 5 hours of extra training, record it on a new instructor training declaration form.\n\nIf you do not send the form, DVSA can take your trainee licence away.\n\n## Rules for using your trainee licence\n\nYou must:\n\n- be a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person\n\n- get the required amount of supervision or extra training while your licence is still valid\n\n## Displaying your licence\n\nYou must display your trainee licence on the nearside edge of the front windscreen of your car while you give driving lessons.\n\n## Where you train\n\nYour trainee licence shows the name and address of your training establishment. You can only give instruction from there, so you cannot work independently, such as by setting up your own school.\n\nYou must not advertise yourself as an instructor. Any advertising your training establishment does must not make it seem like you\u2019re a fully qualified instructor.\n\n## Changing your driving school\n\nYou must apply for a new trainee licence if you leave a driving school and join a new one. There\u2019s no fee for doing this.\n\nDVSA will send you a new licence showing the details of your new school. You should send your old licence to DVSA as soon as you get the new one.\n\nYou can still give driving lessons while you wait for your new licence.\n\n## When trainee licences can be taken away\n\nThe ADI registrar can take your trainee licence away before it runs out if:\n\n- you break any of the rules for having a trainee licence\n\n- the licence was issued by mistake or gained by fraud\n\n- you fail 3 attempts at the ADI part 3 test\n\n## Not using your trainee licence\n\nYou should return your trainee licence to DVSA if you are not using it, for example because of a long period of illness.\n\nYou will not get a refund, but DVSA will know that you have not had full use of the licence. This will be a factor in deciding whether to give you another licence in future.\n\n## Lost or stolen licence\n\nYou should tell the police straight away if your licence is lost or stolen. They will give you a crime reference number.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay \u00a33 if you lose your licence or cannot give DVSA a crime reference number.\n\nYou cannot currently contact DVSA by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nTo get a replacement, email DVSA with the following:\n\n- the crime reference number\n\n- your permission that DVSA can use your photocard driving licence photo or a previous photo they have on record\n\nDVSA will contact you to tell you how to pay.\n\n## When your trainee licence runs out\n\nYour trainee licence lasts for 6 months. When it runs out you must stop being paid for giving driving lessons.\n\n## Getting another licence\n\nYou can apply for another trainee licence, but you\u2019ll need to pay the fee again.\n\nYou cannot be paid for giving driving lessons when you do not have a valid trainee licence.\n\nYou\u2019re more likely to get another licence if you told DVSA you had stopped using the first, for example because of a period of illness.\n\nIt\u2019s unlikely that you\u2019ll get another licence if you:\n\n- just want more time to pass the approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test\n\n- did not follow the rules for using your previous trainee licence\n\nYou can appeal to the General Regulatory Chamber if you\u2019re not given another licence.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a trainee driving instructor licence after you pass the approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test.

    ", + "

    A trainee licence:

    ", + "
  • helps you get experience instructing pupils to drive so you can prepare for the ADI part 3 test
    • ", + "
  • lasts for 6 months
    • ", + "

    You can charge for lessons to cover the cost of things like your insurance and vehicle costs.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for a trainee licence if you:

    ", + "
  • have passed your ADI part 1 test in the last 2 years
    • ", + "
  • have passed the ADI part 2 test
    • ", + "
  • have had at least 40 hours of training from a qualified ADI in providing \ndriving instruction (at least 10 of which were done in a car), recorded on the ADI 21T declaration form
    • ", + "
  • are eligible to take the ADI part 3 test
    • ", + "

    Being refused a trainee licence

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the General Regulatory Chamber if you\u2019re refused a trainee licence.

    ", + "

    The rules and process for getting a trainee licence are different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Options when you apply for a trainee licence

    ", + "

    You have 2 options to choose from when you apply for a trainee licence. You must either:

    ", + "
  • be supervised for 20% of all lessons you give while you have your trainee licence
    • ", + "
  • do at least 20 hours of extra training while you have your trainee licence
    • ", + "

    You can only choose one option and you cannot change to the other after you\u2019ve made your decision.

    ", + "

    Talk to your sponsoring approved driving instructor (ADI) or training organisation about which option is best for you.

    ", + "

    Option 1 - supervision of lessons

    ", + "

    In this option you have to be supervised by your sponsoring ADI for 20% of all the lessons you give.

    ", + "

    You must keep a record of the number of hours:

    ", + "
  • you give lessons
    • ", + "
  • you are supervised
    • ", + "

    The ADI 21S supervision record form must be signed by both you and your ADI. You must send it to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) when your trainee licence runs out.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently send this by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVSA by email instead.

    ", + "

    Option 2 - extra training

    ", + "

    In this option, you have to do at least 20 hours of extra training in the topics in the training programme.

    ", + "

    After you get your training licence, you must complete the training within the next 3 months and before you book the ADI part 3 test.

    ", + "

    At least 25% of the training must be practical in-car training.

    ", + "

    The training must be recorded on the\ninstructor training declaration form.\u200b

    ", + "

    You must send the form to DVSA as soon as you\u2019ve completed your training. If you do not send the form, DVSA can take your trainee licence away.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently send this by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVSA by email instead.

    ", + "

    If you fail the ADI part 3 test or you do not book it in time

    ", + "

    If you fail the test, you must do 5 hours of extra training before your next attempt. You have 3 attempts to pass the test.

    ", + "

    If you do not book the test within 3 months of getting your licence, you must take 5 hours of extra training before you book the test.

    ", + "

    Each time you do 5 hours of extra training, record it on a new instructor training declaration form.

    ", + "

    If you do not send the form, DVSA can take your trainee licence away.

    ", + "

    Rules for using your trainee licence

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • be a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person
    • ", + "
  • get the required amount of supervision or extra training while your licence is still valid
    • ", + "

    Displaying your licence

    ", + "

    You must display your trainee licence on the nearside edge of the front windscreen of your car while you give driving lessons.

    ", + "

    Where you train

    ", + "

    Your trainee licence shows the name and address of your training establishment. You can only give instruction from there, so you cannot work independently, such as by setting up your own school.

    ", + "

    You must not advertise yourself as an instructor. Any advertising your training establishment does must not make it seem like you\u2019re a fully qualified instructor.

    ", + "

    Changing your driving school

    ", + "

    You must apply for a new trainee licence if you leave a driving school and join a new one. There\u2019s no fee for doing this.

    ", + "

    DVSA will send you a new licence showing the details of your new school. You should send your old licence to DVSA as soon as you get the new one.

    ", + "

    You can still give driving lessons while you wait for your new licence.

    ", + "

    When trainee licences can be taken away

    ", + "

    The ADI registrar can take your trainee licence away before it runs out if:

    ", + "
  • you break any of the rules for having a trainee licence
    • ", + "
  • the licence was issued by mistake or gained by fraud
    • ", + "
  • you fail 3 attempts at the ADI part 3 test
    • ", + "

    Not using your trainee licence

    ", + "

    You should return your trainee licence to DVSA if you are not using it, for example because of a long period of illness.

    ", + "

    You will not get a refund, but DVSA will know that you have not had full use of the licence. This will be a factor in deciding whether to give you another licence in future.

    ", + "

    Lost or stolen licence

    ", + "

    You should tell the police straight away if your licence is lost or stolen. They will give you a crime reference number.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay \u00a33 if you lose your licence or cannot give DVSA a crime reference number.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently contact DVSA by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    To get a replacement, email DVSA with the following:

    ", + "
  • the crime reference number
    • ", + "
  • your permission that DVSA can use your photocard driving licence photo or a previous photo they have on record
    • ", + "

    DVSA will contact you to tell you how to pay.

    ", + "

    When your trainee licence runs out

    ", + "

    Your trainee licence lasts for 6 months. When it runs out you must stop being paid for giving driving lessons.

    ", + "

    Getting another licence

    ", + "

    You can apply for another trainee licence, but you\u2019ll need to pay the fee again.

    ", + "

    You cannot be paid for giving driving lessons when you do not have a valid trainee licence.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re more likely to get another licence if you told DVSA you had stopped using the first, for example because of a period of illness.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s unlikely that you\u2019ll get another licence if you:

    ", + "
  • just want more time to pass the approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test
    • ", + "
  • did not follow the rules for using your previous trainee licence
    • ", + "

    You can appeal to the General Regulatory Chamber if you\u2019re not given another licence.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-3-test": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-3-test", + "title": "Approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test", + "content": "## Booking your test\n\nYou can book your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test when you\u2019ve passed your ADI part 2 test.\n\nIt\u2019s the last of 3 tests you have to pass to qualify as an ADI. It\u2019s a test of your ability to teach pupils.\n\nYour driving examiner will call you a few days before your test to agree:\n\n- the start time with you\n\n- where you want the test to start from (either the driving test centre or somewhere within 5 minutes of the driving test centre)\n\nThe ADI part 3 test works differently in Northern Ireland.\n\nThe national standard for driver and rider training tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test.\n\nYou can find driving instructor training if you need help to prepare for the test.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring:\n\n- your UK driving licence\n\n- a face covering, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to wear one\n\n- a suitable car\n\n- a pupil\n\nYou should also bring a log of the training you\u2019ve been doing to qualify as an approved driving instructor (ADI).\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Reasons why you must not go to your test\n\nDo not go to your driving test if you or your pupil:\n\n- have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms, or someone you live with has symptoms\n\n- have been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- are self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your test appointment or cancel your test for free if you\u2019re not able to go.\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou and your pupil must each bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so. For example, because:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. Otherwise, your test will be cancelled if you arrive without one.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\n## If you do not have a photocard licence\n\nBring a valid passport and your paper licence, or your trainee driving instructor licence (if you have one).\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nBring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.\n\n## Rules for the car you use\n\nWhen you take your test, your car must:\n\n- be taxed\n\n- be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)\n\n- be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)\n\n- be a saloon, hatchback or estate car in good working condition - you cannot use a convertible\n\n- have full-size rear seats\n\n- have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light\n\n- have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted\n\n- be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test\n\n- be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer\n\n- have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg\n\nThe MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety\n\nBecause of COVID-19 you must clean the inside of your car before your test.\n\nThis means:\n\n- tidying any unnecessary items away from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats\n\n- wiping down the dashboard and car controls\n\nThe examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.\n\nThe car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Vehicle fittings and features\n\nThe car must have:\n\n- L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear if your pupil is a learner\n\n- working rear seat belts\n\n## Dashcams and other cameras\n\nYou can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:\n\n- faces outside of the car and does not film the inside\n\n- does not record audio from inside the car\n\n## Vehicle features\n\nYou can use a car with:\n\n- an electronic parking brake\n\n- hill-start assist\n\n## Hire cars\n\nYou can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.\n\n## Manual and automatic cars\n\nIf you have a manual licence, you can take the test in either a manual or automatic car. You\u2019ll be able to train people in both types of car when you\u2019ve qualified.\n\nIf you have an automatic licence, you must take the test in an automatic car. You\u2019ll only be able to train people in an automatic car when you\u2019ve qualified.\n\n## Cars with known safety faults\n\nYou cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.\n\nYou must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.\n\n| Model | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date |\n\n| Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and 0N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n## Proof you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring proof that says one of the following:\n\n- the car was recalled and the recall work has been done\n\n- the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done\n\n- the car was not part of the recall\n\nThe proof must be either:\n\n- the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer\n\n- on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.\n\n## What happens during the test\n\nA Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) examiner will watch you give a client-centred driving lesson lasting about 45 minutes to one of your pupils.\n\nYour pupil must drive for at least 40 minutes of the lesson.\n\nAt the start of the lesson, discuss the goals for the lesson and risk management with your pupil. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), this should take no more than 3 minutes.\n\nAt the end of the lesson, give your pupil no more than 3 minutes to reflect on their performance.\n\nThe examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standard for driver and rider training.\n\n## Your pupil\n\nYour pupil can be a:\n\n- partly trained learner\n\n- fully trained learner\n\n- full licence holder\n\nYour pupil cannot be:\n\n- a learner who has just started learning to drive\n\n- an approved driving instructor (ADI) or someone else who is preparing to take the ADI part 3 test\n\n## What you\u2019ll be marked on\n\nYou\u2019ll be marked on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into 3 categories:\n\n- lesson planning\n\n- risk management\n\n- teaching and learning strategies\n\nThe 17 areas of competence are listed in the ADI part 3 test report form, which the examiner will fill in at the end of your test.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to work out if you\u2019ve passed the test, and what your grade will be.\n\n## Your test result\n\nAfter you give the lesson, the examiner will discuss your performance and give you your result.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your grade, along with your completed approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test report form.\n\n| Total score | Grade | Description |\n\n| 0-30 | Fail | Your performance is unsatisfactory, and you will not join the ADI register |\n\n| 31-42 | Grade B | You\u2019ll be allowed to join the ADI register |\n\n| 43-51 | Grade A | You have shown a high standard of instruction and you\u2019ll be allowed to join the ADI register |\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically fail if:\n\n- you get a score of 7 or less in the \u2018risk management\u2019 category\n\n- the examiner stops the lesson because you\u2019ve put yourself or someone else in danger\n\n## If you pass\n\nYou can apply for your first ADI badge if you pass the ADI part 3 test.\n\nYou must apply within 12 months of passing the test, or you\u2019ll have to pass all 3 qualifying tests again.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou can take the test again if you fail the first or second attempt. You must book the next attempt within 2 years of passing your ADI part 1 test.\n\nIf you chose the extra training option (option 2) when you applied for your trainee licence, you must do 5 hours of extra training before you retake the test.\n\n## Failing the third attempt\n\nYou have to retake and pass the ADI part 1 test and ADI part 2 test again if you fail the ADI part 3 test at your third attempt.\n\nYou must wait 2 years from when you originally passed the ADI part 1 test before you can take it again.\n\n## Appeal your ADI part 3 test\n\nYou can appeal your test if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law.\n\nRead the guidance on appealing your test to check if your examiner followed the law.\n\nIf you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)\n\nIf DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.\n\nIf DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.\n\n## Appeal your test to a court\n\nYou can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.\n\nYour test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.\n\nYou might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to appeal within:\n\n- 6 months of your test in England and Wales\n\n- 21 days of your test in Scotland\n\nCheck if you can appeal.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather\n\nYour approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.\n\n## If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take this test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nTests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your car\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used\n\n## If your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Booking your test

    ", + "

    You can book your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test when you\u2019ve passed your ADI part 2 test.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s the last of 3 tests you have to pass to qualify as an ADI. It\u2019s a test of your ability to teach pupils.

    ", + "

    Your driving examiner will call you a few days before your test to agree:

    ", + "
  • the start time with you
    • ", + "
  • where you want the test to start from (either the driving test centre or somewhere within 5 minutes of the driving test centre)
    • ", + "

    The ADI part 3 test works differently in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    The national standard for driver and rider training tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test.

    ", + "

    You can find driving instructor training if you need help to prepare for the test.

    ", + "

    What to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring:

    ", + "
  • your UK driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a face covering, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to wear one
    • ", + "
  • a suitable car
    • ", + "
  • a pupil
    • ", + "

    You should also bring a log of the training you\u2019ve been doing to qualify as an approved driving instructor (ADI).

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    Reasons why you must not go to your test

    ", + "

    Do not go to your driving test if you or your pupil:

    ", + "
  • have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms, or someone you live with has symptoms
    • ", + "
  • have been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • are self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Change your test appointment or cancel your test for free if you\u2019re not able to go.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You and your pupil must each bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so. For example, because:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    You need to say if you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. Otherwise, your test will be cancelled if you arrive without one.

    ", + "

    You can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.

    ", + "

    Your driving licence

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a photocard licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport and your paper licence, or your trainee driving instructor licence (if you have one).

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Bring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.

    ", + "

    Rules for the car you use

    ", + "

    When you take your test, your car must:

    ", + "
  • be taxed
    • ", + "
  • be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)
    • ", + "
  • be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)
    • ", + "
  • be a saloon, hatchback or estate car in good working condition - you cannot use a convertible
    • ", + "
  • have full-size rear seats
    • ", + "
  • have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light
    • ", + "
  • have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted
    • ", + "
  • be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test
    • ", + "
  • be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer
    • ", + "
  • have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg
    • ", + "

    The MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19 you must clean the inside of your car before your test.

    ", + "

    This means:

    ", + "
  • tidying any unnecessary items away from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats
    • ", + "
  • wiping down the dashboard and car controls
    • ", + "

    The examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.

    ", + "

    The car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    ", + "

    Vehicle fittings and features

    ", + "

    The car must have:

    ", + "
  • L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear if your pupil is a learner
    • ", + "
  • working rear seat belts
    • ", + "

    Dashcams and other cameras

    ", + "

    You can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:

    ", + "
  • faces outside of the car and does not film the inside
    • ", + "
  • does not record audio from inside the car
    • ", + "

    Vehicle features

    ", + "

    You can use a car with:

    ", + "
  • an electronic parking brake
    • ", + "
  • hill-start assist
    • ", + "

    Hire cars

    ", + "

    You can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.

    ", + "

    Manual and automatic cars

    ", + "

    If you have a manual licence, you can take the test in either a manual or automatic car. You\u2019ll be able to train people in both types of car when you\u2019ve qualified.

    ", + "

    If you have an automatic licence, you must take the test in an automatic car. You\u2019ll only be able to train people in an automatic car when you\u2019ve qualified.

    ", + "

    Cars with known safety faults

    ", + "

    You cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.

    ", + "

    You must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.

    ", + "Model | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date", + "Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and 0N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016", + "Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014", + "Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014", + "Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014", + "

    Proof you need to bring to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring proof that says one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the car was recalled and the recall work has been done
    • ", + "
  • the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done
    • ", + "
  • the car was not part of the recall
    • ", + "

    The proof must be either:

    ", + "
  • the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer
    • ", + "
  • on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.

    ", + "

    What happens during the test

    ", + "

    A Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) examiner will watch you give a client-centred driving lesson lasting about 45 minutes to one of your pupils.

    ", + "

    Your pupil must drive for at least 40 minutes of the lesson.

    ", + "

    At the start of the lesson, discuss the goals for the lesson and risk management with your pupil. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), this should take no more than 3 minutes.

    ", + "

    At the end of the lesson, give your pupil no more than 3 minutes to reflect on their performance.

    ", + "

    The examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standard for driver and rider training.

    ", + "

    Your pupil

    ", + "

    Your pupil can be a:

    ", + "
  • partly trained learner
    • ", + "
  • fully trained learner
    • ", + "
  • full licence holder
    • ", + "

    Your pupil cannot be:

    ", + "
  • a learner who has just started learning to drive
    • ", + "
  • an approved driving instructor (ADI) or someone else who is preparing to take the ADI part 3 test
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019ll be marked on

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be marked on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into 3 categories:

    ", + "
  • lesson planning
    • ", + "
  • risk management
    • ", + "
  • teaching and learning strategies
    • ", + "

    The 17 areas of competence are listed in the ADI part 3 test report form, which the examiner will fill in at the end of your test.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to work out if you\u2019ve passed the test, and what your grade will be.

    ", + "

    Your test result

    ", + "

    After you give the lesson, the examiner will discuss your performance and give you your result.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your grade, along with your completed approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test report form.

    ", + "Total score | Grade | Description", + "0-30 | Fail | Your performance is unsatisfactory, and you will not join the ADI register", + "31-42 | Grade B | You\u2019ll be allowed to join the ADI register", + "43-51 | Grade A | You have shown a high standard of instruction and you\u2019ll be allowed to join the ADI register", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically fail if:

    ", + "
  • you get a score of 7 or less in the \u2018risk management\u2019 category
    • ", + "
  • the examiner stops the lesson because you\u2019ve put yourself or someone else in danger
    • ", + "

    If you pass

    ", + "

    You can apply for your first ADI badge if you pass the ADI part 3 test.

    ", + "

    You must apply within 12 months of passing the test, or you\u2019ll have to pass all 3 qualifying tests again.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass

    ", + "

    You can take the test again if you fail the first or second attempt. You must book the next attempt within 2 years of passing your ADI part 1 test.

    ", + "

    If you chose the extra training option (option 2) when you applied for your trainee licence, you must do 5 hours of extra training before you retake the test.

    ", + "

    Failing the third attempt

    ", + "

    You have to retake and pass the ADI part 1 test and ADI part 2 test again if you fail the ADI part 3 test at your third attempt.

    ", + "

    You must wait 2 years from when you originally passed the ADI part 1 test before you can take it again.

    ", + "

    Appeal your ADI part 3 test

    ", + "

    You can appeal your test if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on appealing your test to check if your examiner followed the law.

    ", + "

    If you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)

    ", + "

    If DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.

    ", + "

    If DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.

    ", + "

    Appeal your test to a court

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.

    ", + "

    Your test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to appeal within:

    ", + "
  • 6 months of your test in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • 21 days of your test in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Check if you can appeal.

    ", + "

    If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather

    ", + "

    Your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.

    ", + "

    If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take this test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.

    ", + "

    Bad weather

    ", + "

    Tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.

    ", + "

    Call your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.

    ", + "

    The phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.

    ", + "

    If your test cannot go ahead

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:

    ", + "
  • automatically book the next available date for your test
    • ", + "
  • send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather
    • ", + "

    You can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.

    ", + "

    Problems with you or your car

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:

    ", + "
  • you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test
    • ", + "
  • your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used
    • ", + "

    If your test is cancelled for another reason

    ", + "

    Sometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/manage-approved-driving-instructor-registration": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/manage-approved-driving-instructor-registration", + "title": "Manage your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration", + "content": "## Renew or update your registration\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for keeping your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration up to date.\n\nYou must renew your registration every 4 years.\n\nYou can renew your registration in the month it expires. If your registration has already run out, you can re-register within 12 months of the expiry date.\n\nIf your ADI registration ran out more than 12 months ago, you need to reapply to become a driving instructor.\n\nYou must display your registration in the passenger-side edge of the front windscreen of your car when you give driving lessons.\n\nYou can be prosecuted for using an invalid ADI badge or one that\u2019s not yours.\n\n## Renew your registration\n\n- Get a criminal records check. You must do this before you renew your registration - it normally takes around 3 months but can sometimes take longer.\n\n- Renew your ADI registration.\n\n## Change of name or contact details\n\nYou must update your ADI registration within 7 days if you change your name or address.\n\n## Lost or stolen ADI badge\n\nYou must contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) straight away to:\n\n- tell them that your approved driving instructor (ADI) badge has been lost or stolen\n\n- request a replacement badge\n\nYou cannot give driving lessons until you have a replacement.\n\nWhen you contact DVSA, you\u2019ll need to give them:\n\n- your crime reference number if your badge was stolen - you can get this by contacting the police\n\n- permission to use the photo from your photocard driving licence (otherwise you\u2019ll need to post them a passport-style photograph)\n\nIt costs \u00a33 to replace a lost or stolen badge.\n\nYou must send your old badge to DVSA if you find it later.\n\n## Change when you're available for driving tests\n\nYou can manage when you\u2019re available for driving tests online.\n\nYou can tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA):\n\n- when you\u2019re never available, for example, between 9am and 11am on Mondays\n\n- when you\u2019re temporarily away, for example, you\u2019re on holiday\n\nYou must be registered as a business to use the service.\n\n## If you stop giving driving lessons\n\nYou must tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you stop giving driving lessons because you want to leave the ADI register.\n\nYou cannot currently contact DVSA by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVSA by email instead.\n\nDVSA will contact you to tell you what to do with your ADI badge.\n\nYou will not get a refund if you have any time left on your registration, unless you\u2019re leaving the register for health reasons. You\u2019ll need to give medical proof to be considered for a refund.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process to manage your ADI registration in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Report cautions or convictions\n\nYou must tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) in writing within 7 days if you get any caution or conviction. This includes:\n\n- being \u2018bound over\u2019\n\n- having your name entered in the sex offenders\u2019 register\n\n- being banned from working with children\n\nYou cannot currently send this by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVSA by email instead.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Renew or update your registration

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for keeping your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration up to date.

    ", + "

    You must renew your registration every 4 years.

    ", + "

    You can renew your registration in the month it expires. If your registration has already run out, you can re-register within 12 months of the expiry date.

    ", + "

    If your ADI registration ran out more than 12 months ago, you need to reapply to become a driving instructor.

    ", + "

    You must display your registration in the passenger-side edge of the front windscreen of your car when you give driving lessons.

    ", + "

    You can be prosecuted for using an invalid ADI badge or one that\u2019s not yours.

    ", + "

    Renew your registration

    ", + "
  • Get a criminal records check. You must do this before you renew your registration - it normally takes around 3 months but can sometimes take longer.
    • ", + "
  • Renew your ADI registration.
    • ", + "

    Change of name or contact details

    ", + "

    You must update your ADI registration within 7 days if you change your name or address.

    ", + "

    Lost or stolen ADI badge

    ", + "

    You must contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) straight away to:

    ", + "
  • tell them that your approved driving instructor (ADI) badge has been lost or stolen
    • ", + "
  • request a replacement badge
    • ", + "

    You cannot give driving lessons until you have a replacement.

    ", + "

    When you contact DVSA, you\u2019ll need to give them:

    ", + "
  • your crime reference number if your badge was stolen - you can get this by contacting the police
    • ", + "
  • permission to use the photo from your photocard driving licence (otherwise you\u2019ll need to post them a passport-style photograph)
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a33 to replace a lost or stolen badge.

    ", + "

    You must send your old badge to DVSA if you find it later.

    ", + "

    Change when you're available for driving tests

    ", + "

    You can manage when you\u2019re available for driving tests online.

    ", + "

    You can tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA):

    ", + "
  • when you\u2019re never available, for example, between 9am and 11am on Mondays
    • ", + "
  • when you\u2019re temporarily away, for example, you\u2019re on holiday
    • ", + "

    You must be registered as a business to use the service.

    ", + "

    If you stop giving driving lessons

    ", + "

    You must tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you stop giving driving lessons because you want to leave the ADI register.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently contact DVSA by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVSA by email instead.

    ", + "

    DVSA will contact you to tell you what to do with your ADI badge.

    ", + "

    You will not get a refund if you have any time left on your registration, unless you\u2019re leaving the register for health reasons. You\u2019ll need to give medical proof to be considered for a refund.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process to manage your ADI registration in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Report cautions or convictions

    ", + "

    You must tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) in writing within 7 days if you get any caution or conviction. This includes:

    ", + "
  • being \u2018bound over\u2019
    • ", + "
  • having your name entered in the sex offenders\u2019 register
    • ", + "
  • being banned from working with children
    • ", + "

    You cannot currently send this by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVSA by email instead.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/adi-standards-check": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-standards-check", + "title": "Approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check assesses your ability to teach pupils.\n\nThe ADI standards check has replaced the ADI check test.\n\nYou have to take at least one ADI standards check during each 4-year period that you\u2019re registered as an ADI.\n\nYou have to take a standards check even if you do not have a car or are not working as an ADI.\n\nYou can be removed from the ADI register if you do not book or go to your standards check.\n\nYou can only take standards checks in English or Welsh.\n\nThere are different rules for taking a standards check in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Book your ADI standards check\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from DVSA when you need to book your approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check.\n\nYou can book a standards check online. It doesn\u2019t cost anything.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your:\n\n- driving licence number\n\n- ADI personal reference number\n\nStart now\n\n## Get help to book\n\nContact DVSA if you need help booking your standards check.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYour examiner will call you a few days before your standards check to agree:\n\n- the exact start time\n\n- where you want the check to start from - this will be either the driving test centre or somewhere within 5 minutes of the test centre\n\n## What to take to your standards check\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration certificate\n\n- a face covering, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to wear one\n\n- a car that meets the requirements\n\n- a pupil\n\nYour pupil can be a:\n\n- partly trained learner\n\n- fully trained learner\n\n- full licence holder\n\nIf you bring a partly trained learner, they should be able to drive for 40 minutes without frequently stopping.\n\nYour pupil cannot be an ADI or someone who is preparing to take the ADI part 3 test.\n\n## Reasons why you must not go to your standards check\n\nDo not go to your ADI standards check if you or your pupil:\n\n- have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms, or someone you live with has symptoms\n\n- have been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- are self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nContact DVSA if you\u2019re not able to go to your standards check.\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou and your pupil must each bring and wear a face covering for your standards check, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so. For example, because:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you cannot wear a face covering when you book your standards check. Otherwise, your standards check will be cancelled if you arrive without one.\n\nYou can take it off during your standards check if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\n## Car requirements\n\nThe car you use for your standards check must:\n\n- be roadworthy, safe and reliable - this means it\u2019s less than 3 years old or has a valid MOT certificate\n\n- have working rear seat belts\n\n- be fitted with L plates (or D plates in Wales) if your pupil is a learner\n\nYou cannot use:\n\n- a soft-top convertible\n\n- a car with a 2+2 seating arrangement rather than full-size rear seats\n\nYour standards check will be cancelled if your car does not meet the requirements. Another appointment will be booked for you.\n\nYou can be removed from the ADI register if you keep bringing a car that does not meet the requirements.\n\n## COVID-19 safety\n\nBecause of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your standards check. This means:\n\n- tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats\n\n- wiping down the dashboard and car controls\n\nThe examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.\n\nThe car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nYou should call the standards check bookings team as soon as you can on the day of your standards check if there\u2019s bad weather. Ask to speak to the ADI examiner.\n\nIf nobody answers the phone, and the conditions in your area are not looking too bad, it\u2019s likely that the examiners are:\n\n- checking the local roads to see if driving tests can go ahead\n\n- taking driving tests because the conditions are suitable\n\nHowever, this is not a guarantee that your standards check will go ahead.\n\nYou should tell the standards check bookings team if your check is cancelled - they\u2019ll make a new appointment.\n\n## What happens at the standards check\n\nA Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency examiner will watch you give a driving lesson to your pupil.\n\nThe lesson will last about 45 minutes. They must be driving for at least 40 minutes.\n\nAt the start of the lesson, you should recap the goals for the lesson and discuss risk management with your pupil. This should take no more than 3 minutes.\n\nAt the end of the lesson, you should give your pupil about 3 minutes to reflect on their performance.\n\nThe examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standards for driver and rider training.\n\n## What you\u2019ll be marked on\n\nYou\u2019ll be marked on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into 3 categories:\n\n- lesson planning\n\n- risk management\n\n- teaching and learning skills\n\nThe 17 areas of competence are listed in the ADI standards check report form, which the examiner will fill in during your check.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to work out your grade.\n\nAfter you give the lesson, the examiner will discuss your performance and give you your grade. This will take about 15 minutes.\n\nYou can take your trainer or mentor with you, but they cannot take part in the lesson.\n\n## Your standards check result\n\nYou\u2019ll get your grade, along with your completed standards check form at the end of your standards check.\n\n| Total score | Grade | Description |\n\n| 0-30 | Fail | Your performance is unsatisfactory |\n\n| 31-42 | Grade B | You\u2019ll stay on the approved driving instructors (ADI) register |\n\n| 43-51 | Grade A | You have shown a high standard of instruction and you\u2019ll stay on the ADI register |\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically fail if:\n\n- you get a score of 7 or less in the \u2018risk management\u2019 category\n\n- the examiner stops the lesson because you\u2019ve put yourself or someone else in danger\n\n## If you fail the standards check\n\nYou\u2019ll have up to 2 more attempts to pass the standards check.\n\nIf you fail 3 times:\n\n- you\u2019ll be removed from the approved driving instructors (ADI) register\n\n- you\u2019ll have to retake the ADI tests to join the ADI register again\n\n## Complain about your standards check\n\nComplain to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency if you\u2019re not happy about the way your standards check was carried out.\n\n## Appeal your standards check\n\nYou can appeal if you think your examiner didn\u2019t follow the regulations when they carried out your standards check.\n\nYour result cannot be changed, but you might be able to take another standards check if your appeal is successful.\n\nContact your local magistrate\u2019s court within 6 months to appeal in England and Wales.\n\nIf you live in Scotland, contact your local sheriff\u2019s court within 21 days.\n\n## Old 'ADI check test' grades\n\nThe approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check replaced the ADI check test on 7 April 2014.\n\nOld ADI check test grades will apply until you take your first standards check.\n\nIf you got a grade 2 or 3 in your last ADI check test, you\u2019ll have 2 attempts to pass the new ADI standards check.\n\n## Old \u2018ADI check test\u2019 grades\n\n| Grade | Overall performance |\n\n| 6 | Very high |\n\n| 5 | Good |\n\n| 4 | Satisfactory |\n\n| 3 | Inadequate |\n\n| 2 | Poor |\n\n| 1 | Extremely poor |\n\n| E | Educational check test |\n\n## Educational check test grade\n\nEducational (E) grades will not be given to newly qualified instructors in the new standard checks.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check assesses your ability to teach pupils.

    ", + "

    The ADI standards check has replaced the ADI check test.

    ", + "

    You have to take at least one ADI standards check during each 4-year period that you\u2019re registered as an ADI.

    ", + "

    You have to take a standards check even if you do not have a car or are not working as an ADI.

    ", + "

    You can be removed from the ADI register if you do not book or go to your standards check.

    ", + "

    You can only take standards checks in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for taking a standards check in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Book your ADI standards check

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from DVSA when you need to book your approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check.

    ", + "

    You can book a standards check online. It doesn\u2019t cost anything.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your:

    ", + "
  • driving licence number
    • ", + "
  • ADI personal reference number
    • ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Get help to book

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA if you need help booking your standards check.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Your examiner will call you a few days before your standards check to agree:

    ", + "
  • the exact start time
    • ", + "
  • where you want the check to start from - this will be either the driving test centre or somewhere within 5 minutes of the test centre
    • ", + "

    What to take to your standards check

    ", + "

    You must take:

    ", + "
  • your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration certificate
    • ", + "
  • a face covering, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to wear one
    • ", + "
  • a car that meets the requirements
    • ", + "
  • a pupil
    • ", + "

    Your pupil can be a:

    ", + "
  • partly trained learner
    • ", + "
  • fully trained learner
    • ", + "
  • full licence holder
    • ", + "

    If you bring a partly trained learner, they should be able to drive for 40 minutes without frequently stopping.

    ", + "

    Your pupil cannot be an ADI or someone who is preparing to take the ADI part 3 test.

    ", + "

    Reasons why you must not go to your standards check

    ", + "

    Do not go to your ADI standards check if you or your pupil:

    ", + "
  • have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms, or someone you live with has symptoms
    • ", + "
  • have been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • are self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    Contact DVSA if you\u2019re not able to go to your standards check.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering

    ", + "

    You and your pupil must each bring and wear a face covering for your standards check, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so. For example, because:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    You need to say if you cannot wear a face covering when you book your standards check. Otherwise, your standards check will be cancelled if you arrive without one.

    ", + "

    You can take it off during your standards check if you need to avoid harm or injury.

    ", + "

    Car requirements

    ", + "

    The car you use for your standards check must:

    ", + "
  • be roadworthy, safe and reliable - this means it\u2019s less than 3 years old or has a valid MOT certificate
    • ", + "
  • have working rear seat belts
    • ", + "
  • be fitted with L plates (or D plates in Wales) if your pupil is a learner
    • ", + "

    You cannot use:

    ", + "
  • a soft-top convertible
    • ", + "
  • a car with a 2+2 seating arrangement rather than full-size rear seats
    • ", + "

    Your standards check will be cancelled if your car does not meet the requirements. Another appointment will be booked for you.

    ", + "

    You can be removed from the ADI register if you keep bringing a car that does not meet the requirements.

    ", + "

    COVID-19 safety

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your standards check. This means:

    ", + "
  • tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats
    • ", + "
  • wiping down the dashboard and car controls
    • ", + "

    The examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.

    ", + "

    The car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    ", + "

    Bad weather

    ", + "

    You should call the standards check bookings team as soon as you can on the day of your standards check if there\u2019s bad weather. Ask to speak to the ADI examiner.

    ", + "

    If nobody answers the phone, and the conditions in your area are not looking too bad, it\u2019s likely that the examiners are:

    ", + "
  • checking the local roads to see if driving tests can go ahead
    • ", + "
  • taking driving tests because the conditions are suitable
    • ", + "

    However, this is not a guarantee that your standards check will go ahead.

    ", + "

    You should tell the standards check bookings team if your check is cancelled - they\u2019ll make a new appointment.

    ", + "

    What happens at the standards check

    ", + "

    A Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency examiner will watch you give a driving lesson to your pupil.

    ", + "

    The lesson will last about 45 minutes. They must be driving for at least 40 minutes.

    ", + "

    At the start of the lesson, you should recap the goals for the lesson and discuss risk management with your pupil. This should take no more than 3 minutes.

    ", + "

    At the end of the lesson, you should give your pupil about 3 minutes to reflect on their performance.

    ", + "

    The examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standards for driver and rider training.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll be marked on

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be marked on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into 3 categories:

    ", + "
  • lesson planning
    • ", + "
  • risk management
    • ", + "
  • teaching and learning skills
    • ", + "

    The 17 areas of competence are listed in the ADI standards check report form, which the examiner will fill in during your check.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to work out your grade.

    ", + "

    After you give the lesson, the examiner will discuss your performance and give you your grade. This will take about 15 minutes.

    ", + "

    You can take your trainer or mentor with you, but they cannot take part in the lesson.

    ", + "

    Your standards check result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your grade, along with your completed standards check form at the end of your standards check.

    ", + "Total score | Grade | Description", + "0-30 | Fail | Your performance is unsatisfactory", + "31-42 | Grade B | You\u2019ll stay on the approved driving instructors (ADI) register", + "43-51 | Grade A | You have shown a high standard of instruction and you\u2019ll stay on the ADI register", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically fail if:

    ", + "
  • you get a score of 7 or less in the \u2018risk management\u2019 category
    • ", + "
  • the examiner stops the lesson because you\u2019ve put yourself or someone else in danger
    • ", + "

    If you fail the standards check

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have up to 2 more attempts to pass the standards check.

    ", + "

    If you fail 3 times:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be removed from the approved driving instructors (ADI) register
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll have to retake the ADI tests to join the ADI register again
    • ", + "

    Complain about your standards check

    ", + "

    Complain to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency if you\u2019re not happy about the way your standards check was carried out.

    ", + "

    Appeal your standards check

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you think your examiner didn\u2019t follow the regulations when they carried out your standards check.

    ", + "

    Your result cannot be changed, but you might be able to take another standards check if your appeal is successful.

    ", + "

    Contact your local magistrate\u2019s court within 6 months to appeal in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland, contact your local sheriff\u2019s court within 21 days.

    ", + "

    Old 'ADI check test' grades

    ", + "

    The approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check replaced the ADI check test on 7 April 2014.

    ", + "

    Old ADI check test grades will apply until you take your first standards check.

    ", + "

    If you got a grade 2 or 3 in your last ADI check test, you\u2019ll have 2 attempts to pass the new ADI standards check.

    ", + "

    Old \u2018ADI check test\u2019 grades

    ", + "Grade | Overall performance", + "6 | Very high", + "5 | Good", + "4 | Satisfactory", + "3 | Inadequate", + "2 | Poor", + "1 | Extremely poor", + "E | Educational check test", + "

    Educational check test grade

    ", + "

    Educational (E) grades will not be given to newly qualified instructors in the new standard checks.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/driving-instructor-suspension-your-rights": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-instructor-suspension-your-rights", + "title": "Driving instructor suspension: your rights", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour approved driving instructor (ADI) registration can be suspended if the ADI registrar thinks you pose a significant threat to public safety.\n\nThe ADI registrar can suspend you if they\u2019re considering:\n\n- taking you off the ADI register\n\n- removing your trainee driving instructor licence\n\n- refusing to extend your registration or trainee licence\n\nYou cannot get paid for giving driving lessons if you\u2019re suspended.\n\n## Claiming compensation\n\nYou can claim compensation if you\u2019ve been suspended but are not then taken off the register.\n\nThere are different rules for your ADI registration in Northern Ireland.\n\n## When you can be suspended\n\nYour approved driving instructor (ADI) registration can be suspended if the ADI registrar thinks you pose a significant threat to public safety.\n\nFor example, if you:\n\n- have been convicted of a sexual or violent offence\n\n- are giving dangerous instruction that\u2019s a major risk to the safety of your pupils and other road users\n\n## Telling you if you\u2019re suspended\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the ADI registrar to tell you that your registration is suspended.\n\nThis will usually be at that same time that the registrar writes to tell you that they\u2019re considering taking you off the register.\n\n## Challenging your suspension\n\nYou can use a judicial review to challenge the way in which the ADI registrar made the decision to suspend you.\n\nThe review only looks at whether the right procedures have been followed, rather than the decision itself. You can download the judicial review claim form and guidance notes.\n\nYou still have the right to appeal against the ADI registrar\u2019s decision to remove you if you end up being taken off the register.\n\n## Compensation if you stay on the register\n\nYou can get compensation if your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration was suspended, but you were not taken off the ADI register.\n\nThis includes cases where:\n\n- you win an appeal against the decision to take you off the register\n\n- the registrar considers taking you off the register, but then ends the suspension and lets you stay on the register\n\n- the registrar has not made a decision about taking you off the register within 75 days\n\n## What you can claim\n\nYou can claim compensation for income and non-income losses as a result of being suspended.\n\nYou can also claim for the cost of preparing your compensation application.\n\n## Income losses\n\n\u2018Income losses\u2019 are what you\u2019d have got from giving driving lessons during the time you were suspended.\n\n## Non-income losses\n\n\u2018Non-income losses\u2019 are other losses you:\n\n- can give a monetary value to\n\n- incurred (within reason) while you were suspended\n\nExamples of non-income losses include:\n\n- any reasonable costs you needed to pay to prepare your compensation application\n\n- the interest on a loan you had to take out as a result of the suspension\n\n- the value of any damage that the suspension caused to your driving school business if you run one\n\n## How to claim compensation\n\nDownload the application form and send it, with evidence to support your claim, to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).\n\n## When to claim\n\nYou must send your claim within 2 years of whichever of these dates is later:\n\n- the date your suspension ended\n\n- the date you were told you\u2019d won your appeal against the approved driving instructor (ADI) registrar\n\nYou can claim outside of the 2 years in special situations.\n\n## Who can make the claim\n\nYou, as the ADI who was suspended, must sign the declaration with the application form.\n\nYou\u2019re only allowed to sign the declaration on behalf of someone in limited situations, for example where the ADI has died and you\u2019re allowed to represent them.\n\n## Evidence to support your claim\n\nYou should send documents that prove the basis of your claim, for example showing why you\u2019ve based your claim for income losses on a certain hourly rate.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to consider which documents will help DVSA decide that you\u2019ve sent a valid claim, for example bank statements, payslips or a loan agreement.\n\n## Working out your losses\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your income and non-income losses to send your claim.\n\n## Work out your income losses\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work how much you\u2019d have reasonably expected to earn during the time you were suspended.\n\nThis should be based on your income for a period that you can directly compare with, for example the same period the previous year.\n\nYou should base your claim on the period that best compares to the time you were suspended if you cannot directly compare with a previous year.\n\nIf your claim is for a different amount to what\u2019s shown in the previous period, you should explain why, for example a major change in how many pupils you taught in the weeks just before you were suspended.\n\n## Work out your non-income losses\n\nYour claim will need to make clear:\n\n- how the non-income losses were incurred\n\n- why they are reasonable costs\n\n- how you have worked them out\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send documents that clearly support your claim.\n\nYou can claim for the value of any damage that the suspension caused to your driving school business if you run one.\n\nYou can claim for the interest paid on a loan that you took out because your income stopped from being suspended.\n\n## Help working out your non-income losses\n\nYou can claim for the cost of preparing your compensation application. This can include the cost of getting expert help to work out how much your non-income losses are.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prove that the cost was reasonable, for example by showing that you did not pay a higher fee than usually applies.\n\n## The decision on your compensation claim\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) within 28 days to either:\n\n- tell you you\u2019re being paid the amount you claimed for or a different amount\n\n- ask for more information to prove your claim\n\n- ask permission to go to a third party to prove your claim\n\n- tell you the claim has not been allowed\n\n## When you\u2019ll get your payment\n\nYou\u2019ll get the payment within 45 days of DVSA telling you that you\u2019re going to be paid.\n\nYou must give any new information you find that\u2019s relevant to your claim within 6 years of getting your compensation. You must do this within 1 month of finding it.\n\n## Interim payments\n\nYou can get an interim payment:\n\n- if you\u2019re in special situations, for example significant financial hardship\n\n- for part of the claim if it can be easily and quickly checked\n\n## If more information is needed\n\nYou must send any extra information DVSA needs within 28 days. This can be extended in special situations.\n\nYou must sign a statement to say the information is true to the best of your knowledge when you send it.\n\n## Not giving more information\n\nYou should tell DVSA in writing if you cannot give the extra information, and the reason why. DVSA will do whatever it can to process the claim if this happens.\n\nYour claim can be delayed if the extra information is not available, or you do not give it.\n\nThe part of the claim that needs the extra information can be rejected.\n\n## After you\u2019re asked for more information\n\nDVSA will write to you within 28 days of either:\n\n- getting the extra information\n\n- the deadline for giving the extra information running out\n\nThe letter from DVSA will either:\n\n- tell you you\u2019re being paid the amount you claimed for or a different amount\n\n- ask for more information to prove your claim\n\n- tell you the claim has not been allowed\n\n## Appeal against the decision\n\nYou can appeal to the transport tribunal if you disagree with:\n\n- the decision that you cannot get compensation\n\n- the amount of compensation you\u2019re going to get\n\nYou must appeal within 28 days of DVSA telling you its decision.\n\n## Decisions the tribunal can make\n\nThe tribunal can:\n\n- refuse your appeal\n\n- allow your appeal\n\n- give its own decision on how much you get\n\n- refer your case back to DVSA to reconsider\n\n## When the amount of compensation can change\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) can tell you that that it\u2019s considering changing how much compensation you got. It can do this for up to 6 years after your original application.\n\nDVSA can do this when:\n\n- it finds new information\n\n- it believes that the information you gave was wrong\n\n- it looks like the original amount you got was given by mistake\n\n## If you think the amount was correct\n\nYou have 28 days to tell DVSA if you think that the compensation that you were given was correct. This time limit may be extended in special situations.\n\n## If the amount changes\n\nYou\u2019ll need to repay the difference if the new amount is less than you originally got. DVSA will tell you how to do this.\n\nDVSA will pay you the difference if the new amount is more than you originally got. You\u2019ll get it within 45 days.\n\n## If you disagree with the new amount\n\nYou can appeal to the transport tribunal if you disagree with DVSA\u2019s decision on the new amount.\n\nYou should make your appeal within 28 days of being told the new amount.\n\n## Decisions the tribunal can make\n\nThe tribunal can:\n\n- refuse your appeal\n\n- allow your appeal\n\n- give its own decision on how much you get\n\n- refer your case back to DVSA to reconsider", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration can be suspended if the ADI registrar thinks you pose a significant threat to public safety.

    ", + "

    The ADI registrar can suspend you if they\u2019re considering:

    ", + "
  • taking you off the ADI register
    • ", + "
  • removing your trainee driving instructor licence
    • ", + "
  • refusing to extend your registration or trainee licence
    • ", + "

    You cannot get paid for giving driving lessons if you\u2019re suspended.

    ", + "

    Claiming compensation

    ", + "

    You can claim compensation if you\u2019ve been suspended but are not then taken off the register.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for your ADI registration in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    When you can be suspended

    ", + "

    Your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration can be suspended if the ADI registrar thinks you pose a significant threat to public safety.

    ", + "

    For example, if you:

    ", + "
  • have been convicted of a sexual or violent offence
    • ", + "
  • are giving dangerous instruction that\u2019s a major risk to the safety of your pupils and other road users
    • ", + "

    Telling you if you\u2019re suspended

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the ADI registrar to tell you that your registration is suspended.

    ", + "

    This will usually be at that same time that the registrar writes to tell you that they\u2019re considering taking you off the register.

    ", + "

    Challenging your suspension

    ", + "

    You can use a judicial review to challenge the way in which the ADI registrar made the decision to suspend you.

    ", + "

    The review only looks at whether the right procedures have been followed, rather than the decision itself. You can download the judicial review claim form and guidance notes.

    ", + "

    You still have the right to appeal against the ADI registrar\u2019s decision to remove you if you end up being taken off the register.

    ", + "

    Compensation if you stay on the register

    ", + "

    You can get compensation if your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration was suspended, but you were not taken off the ADI register.

    ", + "

    This includes cases where:

    ", + "
  • you win an appeal against the decision to take you off the register
    • ", + "
  • the registrar considers taking you off the register, but then ends the suspension and lets you stay on the register
    • ", + "
  • the registrar has not made a decision about taking you off the register within 75 days
    • ", + "

    What you can claim

    ", + "

    You can claim compensation for income and non-income losses as a result of being suspended.

    ", + "

    You can also claim for the cost of preparing your compensation application.

    ", + "

    Income losses

    ", + "

    \u2018Income losses\u2019 are what you\u2019d have got from giving driving lessons during the time you were suspended.

    ", + "

    Non-income losses

    ", + "

    \u2018Non-income losses\u2019 are other losses you:

    ", + "
  • can give a monetary value to
    • ", + "
  • incurred (within reason) while you were suspended
    • ", + "

    Examples of non-income losses include:

    ", + "
  • any reasonable costs you needed to pay to prepare your compensation application
    • ", + "
  • the interest on a loan you had to take out as a result of the suspension
    • ", + "
  • the value of any damage that the suspension caused to your driving school business if you run one
    • ", + "

    How to claim compensation

    ", + "

    Download the application form and send it, with evidence to support your claim, to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).

    ", + "

    When to claim

    ", + "

    You must send your claim within 2 years of whichever of these dates is later:

    ", + "
  • the date your suspension ended
    • ", + "
  • the date you were told you\u2019d won your appeal against the approved driving instructor (ADI) registrar
    • ", + "

    You can claim outside of the 2 years in special situations.

    ", + "

    Who can make the claim

    ", + "

    You, as the ADI who was suspended, must sign the declaration with the application form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re only allowed to sign the declaration on behalf of someone in limited situations, for example where the ADI has died and you\u2019re allowed to represent them.

    ", + "

    Evidence to support your claim

    ", + "

    You should send documents that prove the basis of your claim, for example showing why you\u2019ve based your claim for income losses on a certain hourly rate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to consider which documents will help DVSA decide that you\u2019ve sent a valid claim, for example bank statements, payslips or a loan agreement.

    ", + "

    Working out your losses

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your income and non-income losses to send your claim.

    ", + "

    Work out your income losses

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work how much you\u2019d have reasonably expected to earn during the time you were suspended.

    ", + "

    This should be based on your income for a period that you can directly compare with, for example the same period the previous year.

    ", + "

    You should base your claim on the period that best compares to the time you were suspended if you cannot directly compare with a previous year.

    ", + "

    If your claim is for a different amount to what\u2019s shown in the previous period, you should explain why, for example a major change in how many pupils you taught in the weeks just before you were suspended.

    ", + "

    Work out your non-income losses

    ", + "

    Your claim will need to make clear:

    ", + "
  • how the non-income losses were incurred
    • ", + "
  • why they are reasonable costs
    • ", + "
  • how you have worked them out
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send documents that clearly support your claim.

    ", + "

    You can claim for the value of any damage that the suspension caused to your driving school business if you run one.

    ", + "

    You can claim for the interest paid on a loan that you took out because your income stopped from being suspended.

    ", + "

    Help working out your non-income losses

    ", + "

    You can claim for the cost of preparing your compensation application. This can include the cost of getting expert help to work out how much your non-income losses are.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove that the cost was reasonable, for example by showing that you did not pay a higher fee than usually applies.

    ", + "

    The decision on your compensation claim

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) within 28 days to either:

    ", + "
  • tell you you\u2019re being paid the amount you claimed for or a different amount
    • ", + "
  • ask for more information to prove your claim
    • ", + "
  • ask permission to go to a third party to prove your claim
    • ", + "
  • tell you the claim has not been allowed
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019ll get your payment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the payment within 45 days of DVSA telling you that you\u2019re going to be paid.

    ", + "

    You must give any new information you find that\u2019s relevant to your claim within 6 years of getting your compensation. You must do this within 1 month of finding it.

    ", + "

    Interim payments

    ", + "

    You can get an interim payment:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re in special situations, for example significant financial hardship
    • ", + "
  • for part of the claim if it can be easily and quickly checked
    • ", + "

    If more information is needed

    ", + "

    You must send any extra information DVSA needs within 28 days. This can be extended in special situations.

    ", + "

    You must sign a statement to say the information is true to the best of your knowledge when you send it.

    ", + "

    Not giving more information

    ", + "

    You should tell DVSA in writing if you cannot give the extra information, and the reason why. DVSA will do whatever it can to process the claim if this happens.

    ", + "

    Your claim can be delayed if the extra information is not available, or you do not give it.

    ", + "

    The part of the claim that needs the extra information can be rejected.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019re asked for more information

    ", + "

    DVSA will write to you within 28 days of either:

    ", + "
  • getting the extra information
    • ", + "
  • the deadline for giving the extra information running out
    • ", + "

    The letter from DVSA will either:

    ", + "
  • tell you you\u2019re being paid the amount you claimed for or a different amount
    • ", + "
  • ask for more information to prove your claim
    • ", + "
  • tell you the claim has not been allowed
    • ", + "

    Appeal against the decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the transport tribunal if you disagree with:

    ", + "
  • the decision that you cannot get compensation
    • ", + "
  • the amount of compensation you\u2019re going to get
    • ", + "

    You must appeal within 28 days of DVSA telling you its decision.

    ", + "

    Decisions the tribunal can make

    ", + "

    The tribunal can:

    ", + "
  • refuse your appeal
    • ", + "
  • allow your appeal
    • ", + "
  • give its own decision on how much you get
    • ", + "
  • refer your case back to DVSA to reconsider
    • ", + "

    When the amount of compensation can change

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) can tell you that that it\u2019s considering changing how much compensation you got. It can do this for up to 6 years after your original application.

    ", + "

    DVSA can do this when:

    ", + "
  • it finds new information
    • ", + "
  • it believes that the information you gave was wrong
    • ", + "
  • it looks like the original amount you got was given by mistake
    • ", + "

    If you think the amount was correct

    ", + "

    You have 28 days to tell DVSA if you think that the compensation that you were given was correct. This time limit may be extended in special situations.

    ", + "

    If the amount changes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to repay the difference if the new amount is less than you originally got. DVSA will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    DVSA will pay you the difference if the new amount is more than you originally got. You\u2019ll get it within 45 days.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the new amount

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the transport tribunal if you disagree with DVSA\u2019s decision on the new amount.

    ", + "

    You should make your appeal within 28 days of being told the new amount.

    ", + "

    Decisions the tribunal can make

    ", + "

    The tribunal can:

    ", + "
  • refuse your appeal
    • ", + "
  • allow your appeal
    • ", + "
  • give its own decision on how much you get
    • ", + "
  • refer your case back to DVSA to reconsider
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor", + "title": "Become a DVSA assessed CBT motorcycle instructor", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) motorcycle instructor.\n\nCBT is a training course that most learner motorcycle and moped riders must take before riding on the road.\n\n## Rules for becoming a CBT instructor\n\nTo become a DVSA assessed CBT motorcycle instructor you must have a driving licence from either:\n\n- Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- the EU or EEA - but you must register it\n first\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be 21 or older\n\n- have had a full category A2 or A motorcycle licence for at least 3 years\n\nYou\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.\n\n## When you qualify\n\nWhen you pass you must work for a motorcycle approved training body (ATB) to be able to:\n\n- provide the CBT course to learner riders\n\n- train up to 10 instructors at the ATB to also deliver CBT courses (this is known as \u2018down-training\u2019)\n\n- apply to become a direct access scheme instructor\n\n## How to book your assessment\n\nFill in the application form to book an assessment and send it to the address on the form. There\u2019s no charge for the assessment.\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact you to arrange a date after checking your application.\n\n## If you cannot go to your assessment\n\nTell DVSA by email if you cannot attend your assessment.\n\nYou must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\nYour approved training body cannot tell DVSA without giving your signature.\n\nYour application will become invalid and will count as an unsuccessful attempt if you do not tell DVSA in enough time.\n\nYou\u2019re only allowed 2 unsuccessful attempts before you have to wait a year before applying to take another assessment.\n\n## Preparing for the assessment\n\nStudy the compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus before you take the assessment.\n\n## Other preparation\n\nYou should also study the following official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) publications:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Learning to Ride\n\n- Riding - the Essential Skills\n\n- Theory Test for Motorcyclists\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to bring to your assessment\n\nYou need to bring:\n\n- your valid driving licence\n\n- your CBT1 card if you have one\n\n- a fully taxed, insured and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW\n\nIf you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.\n\nYour assessment will be cancelled if you do not bring these.\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to bring a pen and any notes or training aids to help you.\n\n## What the assessment involves\n\nThe compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor assessment assesses your ability to:\n\n- train learner motorcyclists in the requirements of CBT\n\n- train and guide other instructors within an approved training body\n\nThere will usually be 2 other instructors taking the assessment at the same time as you.\n\nThe DVSA assessor will play the role of a novice rider throughout the assessment.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to deliver lessons based on the topics being assessed. One or both of the other instructors will act as your supervisor. You\u2019ll then swap the roles of the instructor and supervisor.\n\n## Eyesight test\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pass an eyesight test before the assessment starts. You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 26.5 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 27.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.\n\nThe rest of the assessment will not go ahead if you fail the eyesight test.\n\n## Session 1\n\nThis session focuses on element A of the CBT syllabus - introduction to CBT.\n\nThe DVSA assessor will give you an overview of the assessment.\n\nYou\u2019ll then deliver a lesson on the modules within element A of the CBT syllabus. You\u2019re allowed to use notes and training aids. The other candidates will watch your instruction and decide whether it\u2019s valid and achieves the objective.\n\n## Session 2\n\nThis session focuses on element B of the CBT syllabus - practical on-site training.\n\nYou\u2019ll be introduced to the motorcycle that will be used on-site. You should familiarise yourself with it so you can give a controls lesson or basic machine check lesson.\n\nThe \u2018novice rider\u2019 will act on the instruction you give. The other candidates will watch the instruction you give and decide whether it\u2019s a valid lesson and achieves the objective.\n\n## Sessions 3 and 4\n\nThese sessions focus on element C of the CBT syllabus - practical on-site riding.\n\nYou\u2019ll instruct the \u2018novice rider\u2019. The other candidates give a debrief at the end of each lesson.\n\nThe roles will be changed several times so you can prove your ability as an instructor and supervisor.\n\n## Session 5\n\nThis session focuses on element D of the CBT syllabus - practical on-road training.\n\nYou\u2019ll give a lesson made up of 3 modules from element D. The other candidates will supervise you, and then the roles will be swapped.\n\n## Sessions 6 and 7\n\nThese sessions focus on element E of the CBT syllabus - practical on-road riding.\n\nYou\u2019ll ride a motorcycle and follow the \u2018novice rider\u2019 on the road. You\u2019ll have to:\n\n- give instructions\n\n- correct any faults that they make\n\n- direct them over a route on public roads using radio equipment\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your own motorcycle for sessions 6 and 7.\n\n## Your assessment result\n\nYou\u2019ll be given your result and a debrief at the end of the assessment by the assessor. You\u2019ll be sent confirmation of your result by post.\n\n## Passing the assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent more information about how to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a DVSA assessed instructor.\n\nUntil you\u2019ve got your registration certificate you are not allowed to:\n\n- conduct compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\n\n- train any instructors on behalf of your approved training body (ATB)\n\n## Failing the assessment\n\nYou cannot apply to retake the assessment if you fail it twice within a 12-month period. You\u2019ll have to wait until 1 year after the date of the second assessment before applying again.\n\n## Failing if you\u2019re a down-trained instructor\n\nYou can continue to give CBT training if you\u2019re a down-trained instructor, but you\u2019ll have to have a standards check at your ATB in the near future.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) motorcycle instructor.

    ", + "

    CBT is a training course that most learner motorcycle and moped riders must take before riding on the road.

    ", + "

    Rules for becoming a CBT instructor

    ", + "

    To become a DVSA assessed CBT motorcycle instructor you must have a driving licence from either:

    ", + "
  • Great Britain or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • the EU or EEA - but you must register it\n first
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be 21 or older
    • ", + "
  • have had a full category A2 or A motorcycle licence for at least 3 years
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.

    ", + "

    When you qualify

    ", + "

    When you pass you must work for a motorcycle approved training body (ATB) to be able to:

    ", + "
  • provide the CBT course to learner riders
    • ", + "
  • train up to 10 instructors at the ATB to also deliver CBT courses (this is known as \u2018down-training\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • apply to become a direct access scheme instructor
    • ", + "

    How to book your assessment

    ", + "

    Fill in the application form to book an assessment and send it to the address on the form. There\u2019s no charge for the assessment.

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact you to arrange a date after checking your application.

    ", + "

    If you cannot go to your assessment

    ", + "

    Tell DVSA by email if you cannot attend your assessment.

    ", + "

    You must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.

    ", + "

    Your approved training body cannot tell DVSA without giving your signature.

    ", + "

    Your application will become invalid and will count as an unsuccessful attempt if you do not tell DVSA in enough time.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re only allowed 2 unsuccessful attempts before you have to wait a year before applying to take another assessment.

    ", + "

    Preparing for the assessment

    ", + "

    Study the compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus before you take the assessment.

    ", + "

    Other preparation

    ", + "

    You should also study the following official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) publications:

    ", + "
  • The Highway Code
    • ", + "
  • Know your traffic signs
    • ", + "
  • Learning to Ride
    • ", + "
  • Riding - the Essential Skills
    • ", + "
  • Theory Test for Motorcyclists
    • ", + "

    You can buy them from most high street and online book shops.

    ", + "

    What to bring to your assessment

    ", + "

    You need to bring:

    ", + "
  • your valid driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your CBT1 card if you have one
    • ", + "
  • a fully taxed, insured and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW
    • ", + "

    If you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.

    ", + "

    Your assessment will be cancelled if you do not bring these.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re allowed to bring a pen and any notes or training aids to help you.

    ", + "

    What the assessment involves

    ", + "

    The compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor assessment assesses your ability to:

    ", + "
  • train learner motorcyclists in the requirements of CBT
    • ", + "
  • train and guide other instructors within an approved training body
    • ", + "

    There will usually be 2 other instructors taking the assessment at the same time as you.

    ", + "

    The DVSA assessor will play the role of a novice rider throughout the assessment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to deliver lessons based on the topics being assessed. One or both of the other instructors will act as your supervisor. You\u2019ll then swap the roles of the instructor and supervisor.

    ", + "

    Eyesight test

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pass an eyesight test before the assessment starts. You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:

    ", + "
  • 26.5 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate
    • ", + "
  • 27.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate
    • ", + "

    New-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.

    ", + "

    The rest of the assessment will not go ahead if you fail the eyesight test.

    ", + "

    Session 1

    ", + "

    This session focuses on element A of the CBT syllabus - introduction to CBT.

    ", + "

    The DVSA assessor will give you an overview of the assessment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then deliver a lesson on the modules within element A of the CBT syllabus. You\u2019re allowed to use notes and training aids. The other candidates will watch your instruction and decide whether it\u2019s valid and achieves the objective.

    ", + "

    Session 2

    ", + "

    This session focuses on element B of the CBT syllabus - practical on-site training.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be introduced to the motorcycle that will be used on-site. You should familiarise yourself with it so you can give a controls lesson or basic machine check lesson.

    ", + "

    The \u2018novice rider\u2019 will act on the instruction you give. The other candidates will watch the instruction you give and decide whether it\u2019s a valid lesson and achieves the objective.

    ", + "

    Sessions 3 and 4

    ", + "

    These sessions focus on element C of the CBT syllabus - practical on-site riding.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll instruct the \u2018novice rider\u2019. The other candidates give a debrief at the end of each lesson.

    ", + "

    The roles will be changed several times so you can prove your ability as an instructor and supervisor.

    ", + "

    Session 5

    ", + "

    This session focuses on element D of the CBT syllabus - practical on-road training.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll give a lesson made up of 3 modules from element D. The other candidates will supervise you, and then the roles will be swapped.

    ", + "

    Sessions 6 and 7

    ", + "

    These sessions focus on element E of the CBT syllabus - practical on-road riding.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll ride a motorcycle and follow the \u2018novice rider\u2019 on the road. You\u2019ll have to:

    ", + "
  • give instructions
    • ", + "
  • correct any faults that they make
    • ", + "
  • direct them over a route on public roads using radio equipment
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your own motorcycle for sessions 6 and 7.

    ", + "

    Your assessment result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given your result and a debrief at the end of the assessment by the assessor. You\u2019ll be sent confirmation of your result by post.

    ", + "

    Passing the assessment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent more information about how to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a DVSA assessed instructor.

    ", + "

    Until you\u2019ve got your registration certificate you are not allowed to:

    ", + "
  • conduct compulsory basic training (CBT) courses
    • ", + "
  • train any instructors on behalf of your approved training body (ATB)
    • ", + "

    Failing the assessment

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to retake the assessment if you fail it twice within a 12-month period. You\u2019ll have to wait until 1 year after the date of the second assessment before applying again.

    ", + "

    Failing if you\u2019re a down-trained instructor

    ", + "

    You can continue to give CBT training if you\u2019re a down-trained instructor, but you\u2019ll have to have a standards check at your ATB in the near future.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/become-direct-access-scheme-motorcycle-instructor": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-direct-access-scheme-motorcycle-instructor", + "title": "Become a direct access scheme (DAS) motorcycle instructor", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.\n\nAll provisional licence holders training on a motorbike over 125cc and 11kW power output must be trained by a qualified DAS instructor.\n\n## Rules for becoming a DAS instructor\n\nTo become a DAS certified instructor you must have a driving licence from either:\n\n- Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- the EU or EEA - but you must register it\n first\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be 21 or over\n\n- have had a full category A2 or A motorcycle licence for at least 3 years\n\n- have passed the 2-day assessment to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor\n\nYou\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.\n\n## When you qualify\n\nWhen you pass you\u2019ll be able to give DAS training.\n\n## How to book your assessment\n\nThe direct access scheme (DAS) instructor assessment lasts for half a day. You can book a:\n\n- morning assessment, which starts at 8:30am\n\n- afternoon assessment, which starts at 1pm\n\nFill in the application form to book your assessment and send it to the address on the form. There\u2019s no charge for the assessment.\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact you to arrange a date after checking your application.\n\nYour application will be valid for 6 months.\n\n## If you cannot go to your assessment\n\nTell DVSA by email if you cannot attend your assessment.\n\nYou must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\n## Preparing for the assessment\n\nStudy the training guidance before you take the assessment.\n\nSign up for email alerts to be told when the guidance is updated.\n\n## Other preparation\n\nYou should also study the following official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) publications:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Learning to Ride\n\n- Riding - the Essential Skills\n\n- Theory Test for Motorcyclists\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to bring to your assessment\n\nYou need to bring:\n\n- your valid driving licence\n\n- your CBT1 card\n\n- your joining instructions\n\n- a fully taxed and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW\n\n- a full-face safety helmet\n\nIf you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.\n\nYour assessment will be cancelled if you do not bring these.\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to bring relevant training aids and preparation material with you.\n\n## What the assessment involves\n\nThere are 3 main sessions in the direct access scheme (DAS) instructor assessment. You\u2019ll get a full explanation before the assessment starts.\n\n## Session 1 - theory\n\nThis session lasts around 15 minutes. The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) assessor will play the role of a rider who:\n\n- has done their compulsory basic training (CBT) on a 125cc motorcycle\n\n- is new to riding larger and more powerful motorcycles\n\nYou have to show and tell them the main differences between large motorcycles and the smaller motorcycles used for CBT. You\u2019ll do this alongside the motorcycle.\n\n## Session 2 - on-site handling assessment\n\nIn this session of the assessment you\u2019ll be given the scenario of a rider who has:\n\n- already taken CBT\n\n- difficulties in the basic control of a large motorcycle when riding it on private land\n\nYou have to:\n\n- decide how to overcome the difficulties\n\n- give instruction to develop the rider\u2019s basic skills off-road\n\nThe scenario will include 2 of the following riding skills requiring attention:\n\n- moving off and stopping the bike\n\n- controlled braking\n\n- gear-changing\n\n- slow riding skills\n\n- slow controlled turning (similar to the \u2018figure of 8\u2019 exercise on CBT)\n\n## Session 3 - on-road assessments\n\nThis session of the assessment will last for around 1 hour 30 minutes. The assessor will play the part of a trainee.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to give 3 on-road lessons during this session.\n\nThe assessor will select the lessons from:\n\n- positioning in normal riding and dealing with bends\n\n- negotiating left and right turns at junctions\n\n- dealing with different types of crossroads\n\n- dealing with town centre riding\n\n- negotiating roundabouts\n\n- dealing with dual carriageways\n\n- dealing with other traffic safely when following behind and overtaking other vehicles\n\n- moving off from all positions\n\n- riding in areas with a national speed limit\n\n- joining and leaving dual carriageways and following behind other traffic\n\n- dealing with overtaking, meeting, filtering and leaving enough clearance to stationary vehicles\n\n- moving off, the emergency stop exercise, u-turn exercises (pushing and riding) and taking the motorcycle on and off the stand\n\n## During the on-road assessments\n\nDuring the ride you\u2019ll be expected to:\n\n- give any instruction you feel necessary\n\n- correct any riding faults that may occur\n\nYou can ask the trainee to pull up so that you can give face-to-face instruction or guidance.\n\n## Your assessment result\n\nYou\u2019ll be given your result and a debrief at the end of the assessment by the assessor. You\u2019ll be sent confirmation of your result by post.\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to tell your approved training body your result.\n\n## Passing the assessment\n\nIf you pass, fill in Form 4 to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to give details of any motoring or non-motoring offences you\u2019ve got within the last 4 years on your application form. These will be taken into account when DVSA assesses your suitability to be authorised.\n\nYou are not allowed to conduct DAS courses until you\u2019ve got your registration certificate.\n\n## Failing the assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent another DAS assessment application form if you do not pass so you can book again if you want to.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.

    ", + "

    All provisional licence holders training on a motorbike over 125cc and 11kW power output must be trained by a qualified DAS instructor.

    ", + "

    Rules for becoming a DAS instructor

    ", + "

    To become a DAS certified instructor you must have a driving licence from either:

    ", + "
  • Great Britain or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • the EU or EEA - but you must register it\n first
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be 21 or over
    • ", + "
  • have had a full category A2 or A motorcycle licence for at least 3 years
    • ", + "
  • have passed the 2-day assessment to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.

    ", + "

    When you qualify

    ", + "

    When you pass you\u2019ll be able to give DAS training.

    ", + "

    How to book your assessment

    ", + "

    The direct access scheme (DAS) instructor assessment lasts for half a day. You can book a:

    ", + "
  • morning assessment, which starts at 8:30am
    • ", + "
  • afternoon assessment, which starts at 1pm
    • ", + "

    Fill in the application form to book your assessment and send it to the address on the form. There\u2019s no charge for the assessment.

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact you to arrange a date after checking your application.

    ", + "

    Your application will be valid for 6 months.

    ", + "

    If you cannot go to your assessment

    ", + "

    Tell DVSA by email if you cannot attend your assessment.

    ", + "

    You must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.

    ", + "

    Preparing for the assessment

    ", + "

    Study the training guidance before you take the assessment.

    ", + "

    Sign up for email alerts to be told when the guidance is updated.

    ", + "

    Other preparation

    ", + "

    You should also study the following official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) publications:

    ", + "
  • The Highway Code
    • ", + "
  • Know your traffic signs
    • ", + "
  • Learning to Ride
    • ", + "
  • Riding - the Essential Skills
    • ", + "
  • Theory Test for Motorcyclists
    • ", + "

    You can buy them from most high street and online book shops.

    ", + "

    What to bring to your assessment

    ", + "

    You need to bring:

    ", + "
  • your valid driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your CBT1 card
    • ", + "
  • your joining instructions
    • ", + "
  • a fully taxed and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW
    • ", + "
  • a full-face safety helmet
    • ", + "

    If you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.

    ", + "

    Your assessment will be cancelled if you do not bring these.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re allowed to bring relevant training aids and preparation material with you.

    ", + "

    What the assessment involves

    ", + "

    There are 3 main sessions in the direct access scheme (DAS) instructor assessment. You\u2019ll get a full explanation before the assessment starts.

    ", + "

    Session 1 - theory

    ", + "

    This session lasts around 15 minutes. The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) assessor will play the role of a rider who:

    ", + "
  • has done their compulsory basic training (CBT) on a 125cc motorcycle
    • ", + "
  • is new to riding larger and more powerful motorcycles
    • ", + "

    You have to show and tell them the main differences between large motorcycles and the smaller motorcycles used for CBT. You\u2019ll do this alongside the motorcycle.

    ", + "

    Session 2 - on-site handling assessment

    ", + "

    In this session of the assessment you\u2019ll be given the scenario of a rider who has:

    ", + "
  • already taken CBT
    • ", + "
  • difficulties in the basic control of a large motorcycle when riding it on private land
    • ", + "

    You have to:

    ", + "
  • decide how to overcome the difficulties
    • ", + "
  • give instruction to develop the rider\u2019s basic skills off-road
    • ", + "

    The scenario will include 2 of the following riding skills requiring attention:

    ", + "
  • moving off and stopping the bike
    • ", + "
  • controlled braking
    • ", + "
  • gear-changing
    • ", + "
  • slow riding skills
    • ", + "
  • slow controlled turning (similar to the \u2018figure of 8\u2019 exercise on CBT)
    • ", + "

    Session 3 - on-road assessments

    ", + "

    This session of the assessment will last for around 1 hour 30 minutes. The assessor will play the part of a trainee.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to give 3 on-road lessons during this session.

    ", + "

    The assessor will select the lessons from:

    ", + "
  • positioning in normal riding and dealing with bends
    • ", + "
  • negotiating left and right turns at junctions
    • ", + "
  • dealing with different types of crossroads
    • ", + "
  • dealing with town centre riding
    • ", + "
  • negotiating roundabouts
    • ", + "
  • dealing with dual carriageways
    • ", + "
  • dealing with other traffic safely when following behind and overtaking other vehicles
    • ", + "
  • moving off from all positions
    • ", + "
  • riding in areas with a national speed limit
    • ", + "
  • joining and leaving dual carriageways and following behind other traffic
    • ", + "
  • dealing with overtaking, meeting, filtering and leaving enough clearance to stationary vehicles
    • ", + "
  • moving off, the emergency stop exercise, u-turn exercises (pushing and riding) and taking the motorcycle on and off the stand
    • ", + "

    During the on-road assessments

    ", + "

    During the ride you\u2019ll be expected to:

    ", + "
  • give any instruction you feel necessary
    • ", + "
  • correct any riding faults that may occur
    • ", + "

    You can ask the trainee to pull up so that you can give face-to-face instruction or guidance.

    ", + "

    Your assessment result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given your result and a debrief at the end of the assessment by the assessor. You\u2019ll be sent confirmation of your result by post.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to tell your approved training body your result.

    ", + "

    Passing the assessment

    ", + "

    If you pass, fill in Form 4 to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to give details of any motoring or non-motoring offences you\u2019ve got within the last 4 years on your application form. These will be taken into account when DVSA assesses your suitability to be authorised.

    ", + "

    You are not allowed to conduct DAS courses until you\u2019ve got your registration certificate.

    ", + "

    Failing the assessment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent another DAS assessment application form if you do not pass so you can book again if you want to.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/dvsa-enhanced-rider-scheme-trainer": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dvsa-enhanced-rider-scheme-trainer", + "title": "DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can become a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer if you want to train fully qualified motorcyclists in the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.\n\nThis is the new name for the register of post-test motorcycle trainers (RPMT).\n\nThe scheme provides training for people who:\n\n- have recently passed their motorcycle test\n\n- are upgrading to a bigger bike\n\n- are returning to riding after a break\n\n- want to improve their skills to be a better, safer rider\n\nWhen you qualify, your details will be given to motorcyclists looking for training.\n\n## Who can become a trainer\n\nTo become a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer you must:\n\n- be 21 or older\n\n- have had a full category A or A2 motorcycle licence for at least 3 years\n\n## Trainer test and registration fees\n\n| Fee type | Price |\n\n| Theory test | \u00a366 |\n\n| Registration and renewal fee (1 year) | \u00a390 |\n\n| Registration and renewal fee (4 years) | \u00a3240 |\n\n## Ways to become a trainer\n\n- Apply to become a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer.\n\n- Get an advanced riding qualification if you do not already have one.\n\n- Pass a theory test.\n\n- If you\u2019re not a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor, you also need to take a training course accredited by DVSA.\n\nYou must complete the training course within 2 years of passing the theory test, or you\u2019ll have to start the process again.\n\n## Advanced riding qualifications\n\nThe advanced riding qualifications that are accepted are:\n\n- BMF Blue Riband rider award (gold or silver grade)\n\n- DVSA special test (gold or silver grade)\n\n- IAM Advanced Rider Course\n\n- RoSPA advanced riding test (gold or silver grade)\n\n- Diamond advanced motorcycle test or Diamond elite motorcycle test (if taken after 1 January 2017)\n\n## Taking the theory test\n\nYou can book your instructor theory test when the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) has accepted your application to join the register.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test - multiple-choice questions and hazard perception. You have to pass both parts.\n\nYou have 3 attempts to pass the test. If you fail the third attempt, you have to wait 12 months before you can take it again.\n\n## Documents to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right documents with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer 100 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions\n\n## How the questions work\n\nThere are 25 questions in each of these 4 categories:\n\n- rider practices and procedures, road and traffic signs, and motorway riding\n\n- rider responsibilities, rider attitude, riders and the law, and environmental issues\n\n- motorcycle and rider safety, motorcycle dynamics and handling, and dealing with incidents\n\n- development and training, instructional and coaching techniques, and hazard perception\n\nTo pass the multiple-choice part, you must get both:\n\n- an overall score of at least 85 out of 100\n\n- at least 20 out of 25 in each of the 4 categories of questions\n\n## Hazard perception\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips featuring everyday road scenes. These will contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019.\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard. You need to score at least 57 points out of 75 to pass this part.\n\n## Managing your registration\n\nYou must carry your Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer certificate with you whenever you are giving training.\n\n## Renewing your registration\n\nYour registration lasts for either 1 year or 4 years. The registration and renewal fee is:\n\n- \u00a390 for 1 year\n\n- \u00a3240 for 4 years\n\nYou should apply to renew your registration at least 2 weeks before your current registration runs out.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for remembering when to renew your registration.\n\nTo renew, download the application form and send it to DVSA.\n\n## If your registration expired in the last 12 months\n\nYou can re-register using the same form. You will not have to go through the qualifying process again.\n\n## Standards checks and monitoring\n\nYou must take a standards check to make sure you can continue to be a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer. DVSA will contact you to arrange this.\n\nA DVSA examiner will watch you train a pupil to assess your training skills.\n\nHow you\u2019re checked depends on whether you\u2019re a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.\n\n## If you\u2019re a DAS instructor\n\nYour standards check will be based on a DVSA enhanced rider scheme lesson.\n\nYou must score 43 or more out of 51 to continue being an enhanced rider scheme trainer.\n\nIf you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as an enhanced rider scheme trainer.\n\n## If you cannot carry out a lesson because there\u2019s no pupil available\n\nThe DVSA examiner will carry out a motorcycle trainer standards check while you provide compulsory basic training (CBT). You need to score 43 or above to pass.\n\nIf you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as an enhanced rider scheme trainer, and will need to restart the qualification process. You can also be removed from the CBT instructor register.\n\n## If you\u2019re not a DAS instructor\n\nYou must take a standards check within the first year of qualifying as a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer. DVSA will contact you to arrange this.\n\nYour standards check will be based on a DVSA enhanced rider scheme lesson.\n\nYou must score 43 or more out of 51 to pass.\n\nIf you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as a trainer.\n\nIf this happens and you want to continue as a trainer, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- have an up to date recognised advanced rider qualification\n\n- pass another theory test\n\n- take additional training at an approved enhanced rider scheme trainer centre and provide proof of the development you\u2019ve taken\n\n## Documents to record training\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will email you the following documents when you first qualify:\n\n- DVSA enhanced rider scheme syllabus and list of modules\n\n- rider\u2019s log book\n\n- details of how to issue the DVSA certificate of competence\n\nUse these to provide and record training, and to issue certificates to riders who complete the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.\n\nYou\u2019ll also be sent leaflets and posters you can use to advertise the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.\n\n## If you lose your documents\n\nContact DVSA to get the documents sent again.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can become a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer if you want to train fully qualified motorcyclists in the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.

    ", + "

    This is the new name for the register of post-test motorcycle trainers (RPMT).

    ", + "

    The scheme provides training for people who:

    ", + "
  • have recently passed their motorcycle test
    • ", + "
  • are upgrading to a bigger bike
    • ", + "
  • are returning to riding after a break
    • ", + "
  • want to improve their skills to be a better, safer rider
    • ", + "

    When you qualify, your details will be given to motorcyclists looking for training.

    ", + "

    Who can become a trainer

    ", + "

    To become a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer you must:

    ", + "
  • be 21 or older
    • ", + "
  • have had a full category A or A2 motorcycle licence for at least 3 years
    • ", + "

    Trainer test and registration fees

    ", + "Fee type | Price", + "Theory test | \u00a366", + "Registration and renewal fee (1 year) | \u00a390", + "Registration and renewal fee (4 years) | \u00a3240", + "

    Ways to become a trainer

    ", + "
  • Apply to become a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer.
    • ", + "
  • Get an advanced riding qualification if you do not already have one.
    • ", + "
  • Pass a theory test.
    • ", + "
  • If you\u2019re not a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor, you also need to take a training course accredited by DVSA.
    • ", + "

    You must complete the training course within 2 years of passing the theory test, or you\u2019ll have to start the process again.

    ", + "

    Advanced riding qualifications

    ", + "

    The advanced riding qualifications that are accepted are:

    ", + "
  • BMF Blue Riband rider award (gold or silver grade)
    • ", + "
  • DVSA special test (gold or silver grade)
    • ", + "
  • IAM Advanced Rider Course
    • ", + "
  • RoSPA advanced riding test (gold or silver grade)
    • ", + "
  • Diamond advanced motorcycle test or Diamond elite motorcycle test (if taken after 1 January 2017)
    • ", + "

    Taking the theory test

    ", + "

    You can book your instructor theory test when the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) has accepted your application to join the register.

    ", + "

    There are 2 parts to the test - multiple-choice questions and hazard perception. You have to pass both parts.

    ", + "

    You have 3 attempts to pass the test. If you fail the third attempt, you have to wait 12 months before you can take it again.

    ", + "

    Documents to take to your test

    ", + "

    You must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.

    ", + "

    If you have a paper licence

    ", + "

    Bring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.

    ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right documents with you.

    ", + "

    Wearing a face covering at your test

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • ", + "

    Wearing glasses does not count as a good reason.

    ", + "

    You need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    You have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer 100 multiple-choice questions.

    ", + "

    Before the test starts you\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • instructions on how the test works
    • ", + "
  • the chance to do some practice questions
    • ", + "

    How the questions work

    ", + "

    There are 25 questions in each of these 4 categories:

    ", + "
  • rider practices and procedures, road and traffic signs, and motorway riding
    • ", + "
  • rider responsibilities, rider attitude, riders and the law, and environmental issues
    • ", + "
  • motorcycle and rider safety, motorcycle dynamics and handling, and dealing with incidents
    • ", + "
  • development and training, instructional and coaching techniques, and hazard perception
    • ", + "

    To pass the multiple-choice part, you must get both:

    ", + "
  • an overall score of at least 85 out of 100
    • ", + "
  • at least 20 out of 25 in each of the 4 categories of questions
    • ", + "

    Hazard perception

    ", + "

    Before you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips featuring everyday road scenes. These will contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard. You need to score at least 57 points out of 75 to pass this part.

    ", + "

    Managing your registration

    ", + "

    You must carry your Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer certificate with you whenever you are giving training.

    ", + "

    Renewing your registration

    ", + "

    Your registration lasts for either 1 year or 4 years. The registration and renewal fee is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a390 for 1 year
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3240 for 4 years
    • ", + "

    You should apply to renew your registration at least 2 weeks before your current registration runs out.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for remembering when to renew your registration.

    ", + "

    To renew, download the application form and send it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    If your registration expired in the last 12 months

    ", + "

    You can re-register using the same form. You will not have to go through the qualifying process again.

    ", + "

    Standards checks and monitoring

    ", + "

    You must take a standards check to make sure you can continue to be a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer. DVSA will contact you to arrange this.

    ", + "

    A DVSA examiner will watch you train a pupil to assess your training skills.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re checked depends on whether you\u2019re a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a DAS instructor

    ", + "

    Your standards check will be based on a DVSA enhanced rider scheme lesson.

    ", + "

    You must score 43 or more out of 51 to continue being an enhanced rider scheme trainer.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as an enhanced rider scheme trainer.

    ", + "

    If you cannot carry out a lesson because there\u2019s no pupil available

    ", + "

    The DVSA examiner will carry out a motorcycle trainer standards check while you provide compulsory basic training (CBT). You need to score 43 or above to pass.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as an enhanced rider scheme trainer, and will need to restart the qualification process. You can also be removed from the CBT instructor register.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a DAS instructor

    ", + "

    You must take a standards check within the first year of qualifying as a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer. DVSA will contact you to arrange this.

    ", + "

    Your standards check will be based on a DVSA enhanced rider scheme lesson.

    ", + "

    You must score 43 or more out of 51 to pass.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as a trainer.

    ", + "

    If this happens and you want to continue as a trainer, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • have an up to date recognised advanced rider qualification
    • ", + "
  • pass another theory test
    • ", + "
  • take additional training at an approved enhanced rider scheme trainer centre and provide proof of the development you\u2019ve taken
    • ", + "

    Documents to record training

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will email you the following documents when you first qualify:

    ", + "
  • DVSA enhanced rider scheme syllabus and list of modules
    • ", + "
  • rider\u2019s log book
    • ", + "
  • details of how to issue the DVSA certificate of competence
    • ", + "

    Use these to provide and record training, and to issue certificates to riders who complete the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be sent leaflets and posters you can use to advertise the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.

    ", + "

    If you lose your documents

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA to get the documents sent again.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-trainer-standards-check": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-trainer-standards-check", + "title": "Motorcycle trainer standards check", + "content": "## When you have to take the standards check\n\nThe motorcycle trainer standards check assesses your ability to teach pupils on a compulsory basic training (CBT) course.\n\nYou should take at least one standards check during each 4-year period that you\u2019re registered as a motorcycle trainer. You do not have to pay for the check.\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact the training body where you work to arrange a date and time for your standards check.\n\nYou can be removed from the motorcycle trainer register if you keep missing your standards check.\n\nThere are different rules for taking a standards check in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What happens at the standards check\n\nThe check will take place at your motorcycle training body.\n\nA Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) examiner will watch you train a pupil (or a group of pupils) in a normal compulsory basic training (CBT) lesson.\n\nThe lesson must include practical riding (elements C or E of the CBT syllabus). It can also include theoretical training and a pre-ride briefing (elements A, B or D).\n\n## What you need to bring to the check\n\nFor the check you need:\n\n- your motorcycle registration certificate\n\n- a motorcycle that you can ride on roads, for example it must have up to date vehicle tax and an MOT certificate\n\n- at least one pupil\n\nYour mentor and training body authority holder cannot take part in the lesson.\n\n## What you\u2019ll be marked on\n\nThe examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standard for driver and rider training.\n\nThey\u2019ll follow guidance for carrying out the check and mark you on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into 3 categories:\n\n- lesson planning\n\n- risk management\n\n- teaching and learning skills\n\nThe 17 areas of competence are listed in the motorcycle trainer standards check form, which the examiner will fill in during your check.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to give a total score.\n\n## Your standards check result\n\nAfter you give the lesson, the examiner will discuss your performance and give you the result. This will take about 15 minutes.\n\nYou can invite your mentor or the training body authority holder to join you during this discussion.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent your completed standards check form by email.\n\n| Total score | Result | Description |\n\n| 0 to 30 | Fail | Your performance is unsatisfactory |\n\n| 31 to 42 | Pass | Your performance is satisfactory |\n\n| 43 to 51 | Pass | You\u2019ve shown a high standard of instruction |\n\n## Faults which mean you automatically fail\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically fail if:\n\n- you get a score of 7 or less in the \u2018risk management\u2019 category\n\n- the examiner stops the lesson because you\u2019ve put yourself or someone else in danger\n\n- you did not follow the compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus\n\n- you incorrectly assessed a pupil\u2019s road riding, for example you gave them a CBT completion certificate but they should not have passed\n\n## If you fail the standards check\n\nYou have up to 2 more attempts to pass the standards check.\n\nIf you fail 3 times:\n\n- you\u2019ll be removed from the motorcycle trainer register\n\n- you\u2019ll have to retake the motorcycle trainer qualifying tests to join the register again", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you have to take the standards check

    ", + "

    The motorcycle trainer standards check assesses your ability to teach pupils on a compulsory basic training (CBT) course.

    ", + "

    You should take at least one standards check during each 4-year period that you\u2019re registered as a motorcycle trainer. You do not have to pay for the check.

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact the training body where you work to arrange a date and time for your standards check.

    ", + "

    You can be removed from the motorcycle trainer register if you keep missing your standards check.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for taking a standards check in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What happens at the standards check

    ", + "

    The check will take place at your motorcycle training body.

    ", + "

    A Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) examiner will watch you train a pupil (or a group of pupils) in a normal compulsory basic training (CBT) lesson.

    ", + "

    The lesson must include practical riding (elements C or E of the CBT syllabus). It can also include theoretical training and a pre-ride briefing (elements A, B or D).

    ", + "

    What you need to bring to the check

    ", + "

    For the check you need:

    ", + "
  • your motorcycle registration certificate
    • ", + "
  • a motorcycle that you can ride on roads, for example it must have up to date vehicle tax and an MOT certificate
    • ", + "
  • at least one pupil
    • ", + "

    Your mentor and training body authority holder cannot take part in the lesson.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll be marked on

    ", + "

    The examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standard for driver and rider training.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll follow guidance for carrying out the check and mark you on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into 3 categories:

    ", + "
  • lesson planning
    • ", + "
  • risk management
    • ", + "
  • teaching and learning skills
    • ", + "

    The 17 areas of competence are listed in the motorcycle trainer standards check form, which the examiner will fill in during your check.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to give a total score.

    ", + "

    Your standards check result

    ", + "

    After you give the lesson, the examiner will discuss your performance and give you the result. This will take about 15 minutes.

    ", + "

    You can invite your mentor or the training body authority holder to join you during this discussion.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent your completed standards check form by email.

    ", + "Total score | Result | Description", + "0 to 30 | Fail | Your performance is unsatisfactory", + "31 to 42 | Pass | Your performance is satisfactory", + "43 to 51 | Pass | You\u2019ve shown a high standard of instruction", + "

    Faults which mean you automatically fail

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically fail if:

    ", + "
  • you get a score of 7 or less in the \u2018risk management\u2019 category
    • ", + "
  • the examiner stops the lesson because you\u2019ve put yourself or someone else in danger
    • ", + "
  • you did not follow the compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus
    • ", + "
  • you incorrectly assessed a pupil\u2019s road riding, for example you gave them a CBT completion certificate but they should not have passed
    • ", + "

    If you fail the standards check

    ", + "

    You have up to 2 more attempts to pass the standards check.

    ", + "

    If you fail 3 times:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be removed from the motorcycle trainer register
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll have to retake the motorcycle trainer qualifying tests to join the register again
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-run-motorcycle-approved-training-body-atb": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-run-motorcycle-approved-training-body-atb", + "title": "Set up and run a motorcycle approved training body (ATB)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must be an approved training body (ATB) with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to provide:\n\n- compulsory basic training (CBT) for learner motorcyclists\n\n- direct access scheme (DAS) training to riders learning to ride a large motorcycle\n\nCBT and DAS training must be given by instructors certified by DVSA working for your approved training body.\n\nThe sites you use to provide training from must also be approved by DVSA.\n\nThe process is different Northern Ireland.\n\n## Rules for being an ATB\n\nYou must meet certain rules to be an approved training body (ATB).\n\n## \u2018Fit and proper\u2019\n\nYou must be a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person to run the ATB.\n\nWhen deciding if you\u2019re a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person, DVSA will look at if you have:\n\n- had any convictions in the last 4 years\n\n- any motoring convictions\n\n- been disqualified from driving\n\n- any penalty points on your licence\n\n- any court proceedings pending against you\n\n## Training\n\nYou must provide compulsory basic training (CBT) as an ATB. Any CBT and direct access scheme (DAS) courses you provide must meet the legal requirements.\n\nThe CBT syllabus and guidance notes gives full details on what must be provided.\n\nAn instructor is only allowed to supervise up to 2 trainees during on-road tuition.\n\nYour instructors must be in radio contact with all trainees at all times during on-road tuition.\n\n## Training sites\n\nYou must have the use of a suitable site or sites for training in the off-road parts of the CBT course.\n\nThese sites must be authorised by DVSA before they\u2019re used.\n\n## Instructors\n\nYou must make sure that all your instructors have a valid instructor certificate for the type of training they give. This must show the name of your ATB.\n\nAt least 1 of your instructors must have successfully completed DVSA\u2019s assessment course for motorcycle training.\n\nDVSA-assessed instructors are allowed to train other people that you want to appoint as instructors - this is known as \u2018down-training\u2019.\n\nYou should have at least 1 DVSA-assessed instructor for every 10 instructors that have been down-trained.\n\n## Monitoring\n\nYou should send all required information about the courses you provide to DVSA including:\n\n- reporting any incidents\n\n- dates when you\u2019re providing CBT courses\n\n- the CBT certificates of completion you issue\n\nThe ATB manual gives more details about what you have to send.\n\n## Apply to become an ATB\n\nTo apply to register an approved training body (ATB), download these 3 application forms, and send them to DVSA:\n\n- \u2018Application to provide compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\u2019\n\n- \u2018Compulsory basic training (CBT) site application form\u2019\n\n- \u2018Application to be authorised as a certified motorcycle instructor\u2019\n\nIt takes up to 8 weeks to process an application. This includes the time to inspect the site to be used for the off-road elements of compulsory basic training.\n\n## Apply for CBT site authorisation\n\nAll the sites you intend to use for the practical training and riding elements of the compulsory basic training (CBT) course must be authorised by DVSA.\n\nYou can\u2019t use a site until you\u2019ve got authorisation from DVSA.\n\nDownload the compulsory basic training site application form to apply for authorisation.\n\nSend the completed form to DVSA. You\u2019ll also need to include a draft plan of the intended site, eg an annotated satellite image.\n\n## Site inspection\n\nDVSA will:\n\n- inspect the site\n\n- send a site report to you\n\n- send a unique site code to you if the site is suitable\n\nThe site report will explain any rules set by DVSA. This will include how many trainees are allowed on the site.\n\nYou should make sure all your instructors are aware of these details.\n\n## Changes to authorised sites\n\nYou must tell DVSA straight away if a site is altered or added to.\n\nDownload the compulsory basic training site application form and send it to DVSA.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to include:\n\n- a draft plan showing any changes to the original authorised site\n\n- a permission letter signed by the site owner\n\nThe site\u2019s authorisation can be removed if it has become unsuitable.\n\n## Stopping using a site\n\nYou must tell DVSA straight away if you stop using a site for CBT.\n\nYou can email DVSA - you\u2019ll need to include your approved training body number and the site\u2019s unique code.\n\n## Providing the CBT course\n\nThe compulsory basic training (CBT) course is made up of 5 parts.\n\nThe course syllabus and the order in which the parts must be delivered is set out in law.\n\n## CBT certificate of completion\n\nYou must give trainees a CBT certificate of completion (DL196) when they reach the required standard.\n\nThe certificate must be completed and signed by the instructor, usually the one who conducted part E of the CBT course.\n\nThe name and address of your approved training body (ATB) should be included on the certificate.\n\n## Ordering DL196 certificates\n\nYou can buy books of DL196 certificates online from DVSA.\n\nEach book contains 25 certificates and costs \u00a3200.\n\n## How your ATB is monitored\n\nDVSA monitors the standard of instruction given by:\n\n- approved training bodies (ATBs)\n\n- instructors delivering compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\n\nYou must make your instructors available for regular standards checks.\n\nYou should tell your local DVSA CBT manager the dates and times when your ATB will be running CBT courses.\n\n## After an assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter of confirmation and report from DVSA after an assessment visit if the training delivered meets the required standard.\n\nDVSA can conduct more assessments if:\n\n- the training falls short of the required standard\n\n- there are breaches of regulations\n\n- there are reports of failure to follow the conditions of appointment\n\nDVSA will consider withdrawing an instructor\u2019s authority to deliver courses if they fail to achieve the required standard during the subsequent assessments.\n\nDVSA can withdraw your ATB\u2019s authorisation to deliver training courses if assessments show that it doesn\u2019t consistently provide full and proper CBT courses.\n\n## Disagreeing with DVSA\u2019s decision\n\nYou can appeal to DVSA if you or an instructor disagrees with DVSA\u2019s decision to withdraw their authority.\n\n## Documents for ATBs\n\nDVSA produces the following documents for approved training bodies (ATBs).\n\n## ATB manual\n\nThe ATB manual gives more details about the rules and processes you should follow when you\u2019re running an ATB.\n\n## Safe and Responsible Riding\n\nThe \u2018National standard for riding mopeds and motorcycles\u2019 sets out the skills, knowledge and understanding that learners need to prove they\u2019re safe and responsible riders.\n\n## Compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus and guidance notes\n\nThe CBT syllabus and guidance notes sets out what trainers need to do and what learners need to understand when taking the course.\n\n## Direct access scheme (DAS) motorcycle training guidance\n\nThe DAS motorcycle training guidance sets out what trainers need to do and what learners need to understand when taking the course.\n\nChanges to the CBT syllabus and guidance notes\n\nYou can keep up to date with new versions if you sign up for DVSA email alerts.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must be an approved training body (ATB) with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to provide:

    ", + "
  • compulsory basic training (CBT) for learner motorcyclists
    • ", + "
  • direct access scheme (DAS) training to riders learning to ride a large motorcycle
    • ", + "

    CBT and DAS training must be given by instructors certified by DVSA working for your approved training body.

    ", + "

    The sites you use to provide training from must also be approved by DVSA.

    ", + "

    The process is different Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Rules for being an ATB

    ", + "

    You must meet certain rules to be an approved training body (ATB).

    ", + "

    \u2018Fit and proper\u2019

    ", + "

    You must be a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person to run the ATB.

    ", + "

    When deciding if you\u2019re a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person, DVSA will look at if you have:

    ", + "
  • had any convictions in the last 4 years
    • ", + "
  • any motoring convictions
    • ", + "
  • been disqualified from driving
    • ", + "
  • any penalty points on your licence
    • ", + "
  • any court proceedings pending against you
    • ", + "

    Training

    ", + "

    You must provide compulsory basic training (CBT) as an ATB. Any CBT and direct access scheme (DAS) courses you provide must meet the legal requirements.

    ", + "

    The CBT syllabus and guidance notes gives full details on what must be provided.

    ", + "

    An instructor is only allowed to supervise up to 2 trainees during on-road tuition.

    ", + "

    Your instructors must be in radio contact with all trainees at all times during on-road tuition.

    ", + "

    Training sites

    ", + "

    You must have the use of a suitable site or sites for training in the off-road parts of the CBT course.

    ", + "

    These sites must be authorised by DVSA before they\u2019re used.

    ", + "

    Instructors

    ", + "

    You must make sure that all your instructors have a valid instructor certificate for the type of training they give. This must show the name of your ATB.

    ", + "

    At least 1 of your instructors must have successfully completed DVSA\u2019s assessment course for motorcycle training.

    ", + "

    DVSA-assessed instructors are allowed to train other people that you want to appoint as instructors - this is known as \u2018down-training\u2019.

    ", + "

    You should have at least 1 DVSA-assessed instructor for every 10 instructors that have been down-trained.

    ", + "

    Monitoring

    ", + "

    You should send all required information about the courses you provide to DVSA including:

    ", + "
  • reporting any incidents
    • ", + "
  • dates when you\u2019re providing CBT courses
    • ", + "
  • the CBT certificates of completion you issue
    • ", + "

    The ATB manual gives more details about what you have to send.

    ", + "

    Apply to become an ATB

    ", + "

    To apply to register an approved training body (ATB), download these 3 application forms, and send them to DVSA:

    ", + "
  • \u2018Application to provide compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\u2019
    • ", + "
  • \u2018Compulsory basic training (CBT) site application form\u2019
    • ", + "
  • \u2018Application to be authorised as a certified motorcycle instructor\u2019
    • ", + "

    It takes up to 8 weeks to process an application. This includes the time to inspect the site to be used for the off-road elements of compulsory basic training.

    ", + "

    Apply for CBT site authorisation

    ", + "

    All the sites you intend to use for the practical training and riding elements of the compulsory basic training (CBT) course must be authorised by DVSA.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use a site until you\u2019ve got authorisation from DVSA.

    ", + "

    Download the compulsory basic training site application form to apply for authorisation.

    ", + "

    Send the completed form to DVSA. You\u2019ll also need to include a draft plan of the intended site, eg an annotated satellite image.

    ", + "

    Site inspection

    ", + "

    DVSA will:

    ", + "
  • inspect the site
    • ", + "
  • send a site report to you
    • ", + "
  • send a unique site code to you if the site is suitable
    • ", + "

    The site report will explain any rules set by DVSA. This will include how many trainees are allowed on the site.

    ", + "

    You should make sure all your instructors are aware of these details.

    ", + "

    Changes to authorised sites

    ", + "

    You must tell DVSA straight away if a site is altered or added to.

    ", + "

    Download the compulsory basic training site application form and send it to DVSA.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to include:

    ", + "
  • a draft plan showing any changes to the original authorised site
    • ", + "
  • a permission letter signed by the site owner
    • ", + "

    The site\u2019s authorisation can be removed if it has become unsuitable.

    ", + "

    Stopping using a site

    ", + "

    You must tell DVSA straight away if you stop using a site for CBT.

    ", + "

    You can email DVSA - you\u2019ll need to include your approved training body number and the site\u2019s unique code.

    ", + "

    Providing the CBT course

    ", + "

    The compulsory basic training (CBT) course is made up of 5 parts.

    ", + "

    The course syllabus and the order in which the parts must be delivered is set out in law.

    ", + "

    CBT certificate of completion

    ", + "

    You must give trainees a CBT certificate of completion (DL196) when they reach the required standard.

    ", + "

    The certificate must be completed and signed by the instructor, usually the one who conducted part E of the CBT course.

    ", + "

    The name and address of your approved training body (ATB) should be included on the certificate.

    ", + "

    Ordering DL196 certificates

    ", + "

    You can buy books of DL196 certificates online from DVSA.

    ", + "

    Each book contains 25 certificates and costs \u00a3200.

    ", + "

    How your ATB is monitored

    ", + "

    DVSA monitors the standard of instruction given by:

    ", + "
  • approved training bodies (ATBs)
    • ", + "
  • instructors delivering compulsory basic training (CBT) courses
    • ", + "

    You must make your instructors available for regular standards checks.

    ", + "

    You should tell your local DVSA CBT manager the dates and times when your ATB will be running CBT courses.

    ", + "

    After an assessment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter of confirmation and report from DVSA after an assessment visit if the training delivered meets the required standard.

    ", + "

    DVSA can conduct more assessments if:

    ", + "
  • the training falls short of the required standard
    • ", + "
  • there are breaches of regulations
    • ", + "
  • there are reports of failure to follow the conditions of appointment
    • ", + "

    DVSA will consider withdrawing an instructor\u2019s authority to deliver courses if they fail to achieve the required standard during the subsequent assessments.

    ", + "

    DVSA can withdraw your ATB\u2019s authorisation to deliver training courses if assessments show that it doesn\u2019t consistently provide full and proper CBT courses.

    ", + "

    Disagreeing with DVSA\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal to DVSA if you or an instructor disagrees with DVSA\u2019s decision to withdraw their authority.

    ", + "

    Documents for ATBs

    ", + "

    DVSA produces the following documents for approved training bodies (ATBs).

    ", + "

    ATB manual

    ", + "

    The ATB manual gives more details about the rules and processes you should follow when you\u2019re running an ATB.

    ", + "

    Safe and Responsible Riding

    ", + "

    The \u2018National standard for riding mopeds and motorcycles\u2019 sets out the skills, knowledge and understanding that learners need to prove they\u2019re safe and responsible riders.

    ", + "

    Compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus and guidance notes

    ", + "

    The CBT syllabus and guidance notes sets out what trainers need to do and what learners need to understand when taking the course.

    ", + "

    Direct access scheme (DAS) motorcycle training guidance

    ", + "

    The DAS motorcycle training guidance sets out what trainers need to do and what learners need to understand when taking the course.

    ", + "

    Changes to the CBT syllabus and guidance notes

    ", + "

    You can keep up to date with new versions if you sign up for DVSA email alerts.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/become-a-fleet-driver-trainer": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-a-fleet-driver-trainer", + "title": "Become a fleet driver trainer", + "content": "## How to qualify as a fleet driver trainer\n\nYou can apply to join the voluntary register of fleet driver trainers if you specialise in training fully qualified drivers of fleets of cars and vans.\n\nYou must be an approved driving instructor to join the register.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to take a training course accredited by DVSA to qualify as a fleet driver trainer.\n\nYou must join the register within 1 year of completing the course.\n\n## When you\u2019ve qualified\n\nWhen you\u2019ve qualified and joined the register:\n\n- your details will be given to people looking for fleet driver training\n\n- you can advertise yourself as a \u2018Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency registered fleet driver trainer\u2019\n\nYour registration as a fleet driver trainer will last for 4 years.\n\n## Apply to become a fleet driver trainer\n\nTo apply, download and fill in the application form and send it to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).\n\n## Training course already done\n\nYou can send the form to DVSA if you\u2019ve already done an accredited training course. You\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- the registration fee of \u00a3120\n\n- your driving licence number if you have a photocard driving licence, or a passport-style photo if you have an old-style paper licence\n\n- a copy of your course certificate\n\nYou must have done the course within the last year.\n\n## Managing your registration\n\nYour registration will last for 4 years from when you join the register.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for remembering when your registration runs out and renewing it.\n\nTo renew your registration, download and fill in the application form and send it to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) with the fee of \u00a3120 and a passport-style photo.\n\nYou can re-join the register without having to qualify again within 12 months of your registration running out.\n\n## Replace a certificate\n\nYou should write to DVSA if your registration certificate is lost, stolen or destroyed.\n\nYou can get a new certificate by sending a passport-style photo to DVSA and paying \u00a33.60.\n\n## Advertising your services\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to advertise yourself as a \u2018DVSA registered fleet driver trainer\u2019. You can also apply to use the official DVSA logo.\n\n## Taking standards checks\n\nYou have to take regular standards checks as an approved driving instructor (ADI). This assesses your continuing ability to instruct someone with a provisional or full driving licence.\n\nYou don\u2019t have to take a separate check to stay on the fleet driver trainer register.\n\n## How the test works\n\nStandards checks are based on the examiner observing a normal lesson which should last for around an hour. After the lesson you should allow at least 15 minutes for the debrief.\n\nYou can bring a learner driver or a full licence holder who can be:\n\n- a driver you haven\u2019t assessed\n\n- a driver you have assessed\n\n## A driver you haven\u2019t assessed\n\nYou can bring a driver you haven\u2019t assessed and:\n\n- give a presentation on occupational risk\n\n- introduce them to the training vehicle, covering safety checks\n\n- do a driver assessment and profile to establish their main risk areas and provide the necessary coaching\n\n## A driver you have assessed\n\nYou can bring a driver you\u2019ve already assessed. You\u2019ll need to tell the examiner what main risk areas you intend to provide coaching for during the standards check.\n\n## Your standards check result\n\nYou\u2019ll get a grade at the end of your standards check. This works the same as a normal ADI standards check.\n\n## Being removed from the register\n\nYou\u2019ll be removed from both the ADI register and the register of fleet drivers if you:\n\n- fail the standards check\n\n- don\u2019t attend your standards check appointment", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How to qualify as a fleet driver trainer

    ", + "

    You can apply to join the voluntary register of fleet driver trainers if you specialise in training fully qualified drivers of fleets of cars and vans.

    ", + "

    You must be an approved driving instructor to join the register.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to take a training course accredited by DVSA to qualify as a fleet driver trainer.

    ", + "

    You must join the register within 1 year of completing the course.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve qualified

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve qualified and joined the register:

    ", + "
  • your details will be given to people looking for fleet driver training
    • ", + "
  • you can advertise yourself as a \u2018Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency registered fleet driver trainer\u2019
    • ", + "

    Your registration as a fleet driver trainer will last for 4 years.

    ", + "

    Apply to become a fleet driver trainer

    ", + "

    To apply, download and fill in the application form and send it to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).

    ", + "

    Training course already done

    ", + "

    You can send the form to DVSA if you\u2019ve already done an accredited training course. You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • the registration fee of \u00a3120
    • ", + "
  • your driving licence number if you have a photocard driving licence, or a passport-style photo if you have an old-style paper licence
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your course certificate
    • ", + "

    You must have done the course within the last year.

    ", + "

    Managing your registration

    ", + "

    Your registration will last for 4 years from when you join the register.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for remembering when your registration runs out and renewing it.

    ", + "

    To renew your registration, download and fill in the application form and send it to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) with the fee of \u00a3120 and a passport-style photo.

    ", + "

    You can re-join the register without having to qualify again within 12 months of your registration running out.

    ", + "

    Replace a certificate

    ", + "

    You should write to DVSA if your registration certificate is lost, stolen or destroyed.

    ", + "

    You can get a new certificate by sending a passport-style photo to DVSA and paying \u00a33.60.

    ", + "

    Advertising your services

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to advertise yourself as a \u2018DVSA registered fleet driver trainer\u2019. You can also apply to use the official DVSA logo.

    ", + "

    Taking standards checks

    ", + "

    You have to take regular standards checks as an approved driving instructor (ADI). This assesses your continuing ability to instruct someone with a provisional or full driving licence.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to take a separate check to stay on the fleet driver trainer register.

    ", + "

    How the test works

    ", + "

    Standards checks are based on the examiner observing a normal lesson which should last for around an hour. After the lesson you should allow at least 15 minutes for the debrief.

    ", + "

    You can bring a learner driver or a full licence holder who can be:

    ", + "
  • a driver you haven\u2019t assessed
    • ", + "
  • a driver you have assessed
    • ", + "

    A driver you haven\u2019t assessed

    ", + "

    You can bring a driver you haven\u2019t assessed and:

    ", + "
  • give a presentation on occupational risk
    • ", + "
  • introduce them to the training vehicle, covering safety checks
    • ", + "
  • do a driver assessment and profile to establish their main risk areas and provide the necessary coaching
    • ", + "

    A driver you have assessed

    ", + "

    You can bring a driver you\u2019ve already assessed. You\u2019ll need to tell the examiner what main risk areas you intend to provide coaching for during the standards check.

    ", + "

    Your standards check result

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a grade at the end of your standards check. This works the same as a normal ADI standards check.

    ", + "

    Being removed from the register

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be removed from both the ADI register and the register of fleet drivers if you:

    ", + "
  • fail the standards check
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t attend your standards check appointment
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/1619-bursary-fund": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/1619-bursary-fund", + "title": "16 to 19 Bursary Fund", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou could get a bursary to help with education-related costs if you\u2019re aged 16 to 19 and:\n\n- studying at a publicly funded school or college in England - not a university\n\n- on a training course, including unpaid work experience\n\nA publicly funded school is one that does not charge you for attending it.\n\nThere\u2019s a different scheme in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019re 19 and over\n\nYou could also get a bursary if you either:\n\n- are continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201919+ continuer\u2019)\n\n- have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP)\n\n## What a bursary is for\n\nA bursary is money that you, or your education or training provider, can use to pay for things like:\n\n- clothing, books and other equipment for your course\n\n- transport and lunch on days you study or train\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere are 2 types of 16 to 19 bursary:\n\n- a bursary for students in vulnerable groups\n\n- a discretionary bursary\n\n## Bursary for students in vulnerable groups\n\nYou could get a bursary worth up to \u00a31,200, depending on your circumstances and benefits.\n\n## Discretionary bursary\n\nYou could get a discretionary bursary if you need financial help but do not qualify for a bursary for students in vulnerable groups. Your education or training provider decides how much you get and what it\u2019s used for.\n\nIf you\u2019re over 19, you\u2019ll only be eligible for a discretionary bursary.\n\nYour provider will decide how you get your bursary. You might get:\n\n- an instalment paid by cash, cheque or bank transfer\n\n- things like a travel pass, free meals or books\n\nSome providers also offer one-off payments to cover study trips or travel for university interviews.\n\nYour provider could stop payments if you break their rules, for example about attendance or how your bursary is used.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- be at least 16 and under 19 on 31 August 2021\n\n- study at a publicly funded school or college, or be on an unpaid training course\n\n- meet the residency requirements - your school or college can check this\n\n## Bursary for students in vulnerable groups\n\nYou may be able to get a bursary if at least one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re in or you recently left local authority care\n\n- you get Income Support or Universal Credit because you\u2019re financially supporting yourself\n\n- you get Disability Living Allowance (DLA) in your name and either Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or Universal Credit\n\n- you get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) in your name and either ESA or Universal Credit\n\nThe amount you may get depends on the costs you have and what you need for your course. This might include money for books, equipment or travel costs to school or college.\n\n## Discretionary bursary\n\nYour school or college will have their own criteria for discretionary bursaries. They\u2019ll look at your individual circumstances - this usually includes your family income.\n\nAsk student services about their criteria and any evidence you\u2019ll need.\n\nYou can apply to a discretionary bursary if you\u2019re over 19 and either:\n\n- continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201819+ continuer\u2019)\n\n- have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP)\n\n## How to claim\n\nApply to your school, college or training provider. Ask student services or your tutor to explain what you need to do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nApply once you know where you\u2019ll study or train, so you\u2019ll get your bursary as soon as possible.\n\nYou might need to reapply for a bursary for each year of your course. Check with your provider.\n\n## Help\n\nYour tutor or student services can help you decide if you\u2019re eligible for a bursary and explain how to apply.\n\nContact the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA) if your tutor or student services cannot answer your question.\n\n## You think a decision is unfair\n\nSpeak to student services if you\u2019re unhappy with a decision. Follow their complaints process if you cannot resolve the problem.\n\n## Emergencies and hardship\n\nYou might be able to get more support if your circumstances change or you have an emergency. Your provider might also have a separate hardship fund. Speak to student services if you need extra help.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You could get a bursary to help with education-related costs if you\u2019re aged 16 to 19 and:

    ", + "
  • studying at a publicly funded school or college in England - not a university
    • ", + "
  • on a training course, including unpaid work experience
    • ", + "

    A publicly funded school is one that does not charge you for attending it.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different scheme in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 19 and over

    ", + "

    You could also get a bursary if you either:

    ", + "
  • are continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201919+ continuer\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP)
    • ", + "

    What a bursary is for

    ", + "

    A bursary is money that you, or your education or training provider, can use to pay for things like:

    ", + "
  • clothing, books and other equipment for your course
    • ", + "
  • transport and lunch on days you study or train
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of 16 to 19 bursary:

    ", + "
  • a bursary for students in vulnerable groups
    • ", + "
  • a discretionary bursary
    • ", + "

    Bursary for students in vulnerable groups

    ", + "

    You could get a bursary worth up to \u00a31,200, depending on your circumstances and benefits.

    ", + "

    Discretionary bursary

    ", + "

    You could get a discretionary bursary if you need financial help but do not qualify for a bursary for students in vulnerable groups. Your education or training provider decides how much you get and what it\u2019s used for.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 19, you\u2019ll only be eligible for a discretionary bursary.

    ", + "

    Your provider will decide how you get your bursary. You might get:

    ", + "
  • an instalment paid by cash, cheque or bank transfer
    • ", + "
  • things like a travel pass, free meals or books
    • ", + "

    Some providers also offer one-off payments to cover study trips or travel for university interviews.

    ", + "

    Your provider could stop payments if you break their rules, for example about attendance or how your bursary is used.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • be at least 16 and under 19 on 31 August 2021
    • ", + "
  • study at a publicly funded school or college, or be on an unpaid training course
    • ", + "
  • meet the residency requirements - your school or college can check this
    • ", + "

    Bursary for students in vulnerable groups

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a bursary if at least one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in or you recently left local authority care
    • ", + "
  • you get Income Support or Universal Credit because you\u2019re financially supporting yourself
    • ", + "
  • you get Disability Living Allowance (DLA) in your name and either Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • you get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) in your name and either ESA or Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    The amount you may get depends on the costs you have and what you need for your course. This might include money for books, equipment or travel costs to school or college.

    ", + "

    Discretionary bursary

    ", + "

    Your school or college will have their own criteria for discretionary bursaries. They\u2019ll look at your individual circumstances - this usually includes your family income.

    ", + "

    Ask student services about their criteria and any evidence you\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    You can apply to a discretionary bursary if you\u2019re over 19 and either:

    ", + "
  • continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201819+ continuer\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP)
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Apply to your school, college or training provider. Ask student services or your tutor to explain what you need to do.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    Apply once you know where you\u2019ll study or train, so you\u2019ll get your bursary as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    You might need to reapply for a bursary for each year of your course. Check with your provider.

    ", + "

    Help

    ", + "

    Your tutor or student services can help you decide if you\u2019re eligible for a bursary and explain how to apply.

    ", + "

    Contact the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA) if your tutor or student services cannot answer your question.

    ", + "

    You think a decision is unfair

    ", + "

    Speak to student services if you\u2019re unhappy with a decision. Follow their complaints process if you cannot resolve the problem.

    ", + "

    Emergencies and hardship

    ", + "

    You might be able to get more support if your circumstances change or you have an emergency. Your provider might also have a separate hardship fund. Speak to student services if you need extra help.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan", + "title": "Advanced Learner Loan", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for an Advanced Learner Loan to help with the costs of a course at a college or training provider in England.\n\nLoan eligibility does not depend on your income and there are no credit checks.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible before you apply for an Advanced Learner Loan.\n\nDifferent funding is available if you want to study in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales.\n\n## When you repay your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.\n\n## Access to Higher Education (HE) course\n\nStudent Finance England will \u2018write off\u2019 any outstanding Advanced Learner Loan balances you owe for an Access to HE course once you complete a higher education course. This means you do not have to repay it.\n\nThe higher education course must be eligible for student finance.\n\n## Loan Bursary Fund\n\nYou may also be eligible for money from the Advanced Learner Loan Bursary Fund if you need help with some costs while studying, for example childcare, travel or trips related to your course.\n\nUse the Money Advice Service to work out the cost of borrowing.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- the type of course\n\n- your course fees\n\n- the maximum loan available for your course\n\nThe minimum loan you can get is \u00a3300 and is paid directly to your college or training provider.\n\nYou do not have to borrow the full cost of your course - you can pay for some of it yourself.\n\n## Number of loans you can get\n\nYou can apply for up to 4 loans and you can get more than one at the same time.\n\nYou can apply for another loan to take the same level of a course, for example the same level qualification in History if you\u2019ve already had a loan for the same level in Maths.\n\nYou can only apply once for an Access to Higher Education course.\n\n## A Levels\n\nYou can apply for a loan to fund each course you take towards your A Levels - up to a maximum of 4 A Levels.\n\nThis means you can have up to 8 loans if you\u2019re taking each A Level as 2 separate courses.\n\nThe courses must be in the same subject to qualify for a full A Level.\n\nYou can get 3 more loans for non A Level courses either before or after your course of A Levels.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify for an Advanced Learner Loan depends on your:\n\n- age\n\n- course\n\n- college or training provider\n\n- nationality or residency status\n\nYou must be 19 or older on the first day of your course.\n\nYour course must be:\n\n- a Level 3, 4, 5 or 6 qualification, for example A Levels or graduate certificate\n\n- at an approved college or training provider in England\n\nAsk your college or training provider if you do not know if your course is eligible.\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nIn most cases, all of the following must apply. You must:\n\n- be living in the UK on the first day of your course\n\n- be a UK national or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (this means there are no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- have been living in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years before starting your course\n\nIf you have settled status because you\u2019re a victim of domestic violence, you do not need to have lived in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years.\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re:\n\n- a UK national, or someone with settled status, but you live in the European Economic Area (EEA)\n\n- an EU national or a family member of one\n\n- not a UK national but you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\n- a refugee or a relative of one\n\n- a migrant worker\n\n- the child of a Swiss national\n\n- the child of a Turkish worker\n\n- under humanitarian protection or a relative of someone who has been granted it\n\n- staying in the UK as a stateless person (or their family member) and your course started on or after 1 August 2018\n\n- a serving member of the UK armed forces (or their spouse, civil partner or a dependent parent or child living with them) doing a distance learning course from outside the UK that started on or after 1 August 2017\n\n- someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain or a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain - if your course starts on or after 1 August 2020 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course\n\n## Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nYou need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Check with your college or training provider that the course qualifies.\n\n- Ask them for a \u2018Learning and funding information\u2019 letter - you need this to complete the application. It contains the details about your course.\n\n- Apply online - you\u2019ll need to register first. You can apply by post if you cannot apply online.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter confirming your loan - usually within 2 weeks if you apply online (postal applications take longer).\n\n## What you need to know\n\nYou cannot apply until you get a \u2018learning and funding information letter\u2019 from your college or training provider.\n\nYou can apply for a loan without a National Insurance number but you must have one before the loan can be paid.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIf you cannot apply online, apply by post - the address is on the form.\n\n## Proof of identity\n\nIf you\u2019re a UK national, include your UK passport details in your application as proof of identity. If you forget, use the \u2018UK passport details form\u2019.\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\nIf you\u2019re from an EU country, send your EU passport or identity card the first time you apply.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nUse the \u2018Evidence return form\u2019 if you need to send extra information to support your application, such as proof of residency status.\n\n## Change an application\n\nOnce your application has been approved you can log in to your account to make a change online.\n\nIf you just want to change your loan amount you can use the loan request form instead.\n\n## Bursary fund\n\nYou may apply to get money from the Loan Bursary Fund after you\u2019ve received a letter approving your Advanced Learner Loan.\n\nThe money can help pay for things like:\n\n- accommodation and travel\n\n- course materials and equipment\n\n- childcare\n\n- classroom assistance for a disability or learning difficulty - once you\u2019re assessed by your college or training provider\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply to your college or training provider - each one has its own application process. How much you get depends on the provider\u2019s scheme and your circumstances.\n\nSpeak to student services if you need support with your application.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nYour college or training provider decides how the money is paid. You\u2019ll normally be paid direct. You might be able to arrange for the money to be paid to someone else instead, for example your landlord or childcare provider.\n\nIn some situations fund money must be paid back. This is generally if you\u2019re a student experiencing a temporary financial difficulty and need a loan, for example for help with your mortgage or rent.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:\n\n- Professional and Career Development Loans\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- getting student finance for higher education\n\n- on an apprenticeship training scheme\n\n- on a Community Learning course\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nContact your college or training provider to appeal a decision from the Loan Bursary Fund.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for an Advanced Learner Loan to help with the costs of a course at a college or training provider in England.

    ", + "

    Loan eligibility does not depend on your income and there are no credit checks.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible before you apply for an Advanced Learner Loan.

    ", + "

    Different funding is available if you want to study in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales.

    ", + "

    When you repay your loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.

    ", + "

    Access to Higher Education (HE) course

    ", + "

    Student Finance England will \u2018write off\u2019 any outstanding Advanced Learner Loan balances you owe for an Access to HE course once you complete a higher education course. This means you do not have to repay it.

    ", + "

    The higher education course must be eligible for student finance.

    ", + "

    Loan Bursary Fund

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible for money from the Advanced Learner Loan Bursary Fund if you need help with some costs while studying, for example childcare, travel or trips related to your course.

    ", + "

    Use the Money Advice Service to work out the cost of borrowing.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • the type of course
    • ", + "
  • your course fees
    • ", + "
  • the maximum loan available for your course
    • ", + "

    The minimum loan you can get is \u00a3300 and is paid directly to your college or training provider.

    ", + "

    You do not have to borrow the full cost of your course - you can pay for some of it yourself.

    ", + "

    Number of loans you can get

    ", + "

    You can apply for up to 4 loans and you can get more than one at the same time.

    ", + "

    You can apply for another loan to take the same level of a course, for example the same level qualification in History if you\u2019ve already had a loan for the same level in Maths.

    ", + "

    You can only apply once for an Access to Higher Education course.

    ", + "

    A Levels

    ", + "

    You can apply for a loan to fund each course you take towards your A Levels - up to a maximum of 4 A Levels.

    ", + "

    This means you can have up to 8 loans if you\u2019re taking each A Level as 2 separate courses.

    ", + "

    The courses must be in the same subject to qualify for a full A Level.

    ", + "

    You can get 3 more loans for non A Level courses either before or after your course of A Levels.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Whether you qualify for an Advanced Learner Loan depends on your:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • course
    • ", + "
  • college or training provider
    • ", + "
  • nationality or residency status
    • ", + "

    You must be 19 or older on the first day of your course.

    ", + "

    Your course must be:

    ", + "
  • a Level 3, 4, 5 or 6 qualification, for example A Levels or graduate certificate
    • ", + "
  • at an approved college or training provider in England
    • ", + "

    Ask your college or training provider if you do not know if your course is eligible.

    ", + "

    Your nationality or residency status

    ", + "

    In most cases, all of the following must apply. You must:

    ", + "
  • be living in the UK on the first day of your course
    • ", + "
  • be a UK national or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (this means there are no restrictions on how long you can stay)
    • ", + "
  • have been living in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years before starting your course
    • ", + "

    If you have settled status because you\u2019re a victim of domestic violence, you do not need to have lived in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years.

    ", + "

    You may also qualify if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a UK national, or someone with settled status, but you live in the European Economic Area (EEA)
    • ", + "
  • an EU national or a family member of one
    • ", + "
  • not a UK national but you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)
    • ", + "
  • a refugee or a relative of one
    • ", + "
  • a migrant worker
    • ", + "
  • the child of a Swiss national
    • ", + "
  • the child of a Turkish worker
    • ", + "
  • under humanitarian protection or a relative of someone who has been granted it
    • ", + "
  • staying in the UK as a stateless person (or their family member) and your course started on or after 1 August 2018
    • ", + "
  • a serving member of the UK armed forces (or their spouse, civil partner or a dependent parent or child living with them) doing a distance learning course from outside the UK that started on or after 1 August 2017
    • ", + "
  • someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain or a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain - if your course starts on or after 1 August 2020 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course
    • ", + "

    Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.

    ", + "

    You need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "
  • Check with your college or training provider that the course qualifies.
    • ", + "
  • Ask them for a \u2018Learning and funding information\u2019 letter - you need this to complete the application. It contains the details about your course.
    • ", + "
  • Apply online - you\u2019ll need to register first. You can apply by post if you cannot apply online.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a letter confirming your loan - usually within 2 weeks if you apply online (postal applications take longer).
    • ", + "

    What you need to know

    ", + "

    You cannot apply until you get a \u2018learning and funding information letter\u2019 from your college or training provider.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a loan without a National Insurance number but you must have one before the loan can be paid.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online, apply by post - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Proof of identity

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a UK national, include your UK passport details in your application as proof of identity. If you forget, use the \u2018UK passport details form\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    Include your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an EU country, send your EU passport or identity card the first time you apply.

    ", + "

    Supporting information

    ", + "

    Use the \u2018Evidence return form\u2019 if you need to send extra information to support your application, such as proof of residency status.

    ", + "

    Change an application

    ", + "

    Once your application has been approved you can log in to your account to make a change online.

    ", + "

    If you just want to change your loan amount you can use the loan request form instead.

    ", + "

    Bursary fund

    ", + "

    You may apply to get money from the Loan Bursary Fund after you\u2019ve received a letter approving your Advanced Learner Loan.

    ", + "

    The money can help pay for things like:

    ", + "
  • accommodation and travel
    • ", + "
  • course materials and equipment
    • ", + "
  • childcare
    • ", + "
  • classroom assistance for a disability or learning difficulty - once you\u2019re assessed by your college or training provider
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Apply to your college or training provider - each one has its own application process. How much you get depends on the provider\u2019s scheme and your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Speak to student services if you need support with your application.

    ", + "

    How the money is paid

    ", + "

    Your college or training provider decides how the money is paid. You\u2019ll normally be paid direct. You might be able to arrange for the money to be paid to someone else instead, for example your landlord or childcare provider.

    ", + "

    In some situations fund money must be paid back. This is generally if you\u2019re a student experiencing a temporary financial difficulty and need a loan, for example for help with your mortgage or rent.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:

    ", + "
  • Professional and Career Development Loans
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • getting student finance for higher education
    • ", + "
  • on an apprenticeship training scheme
    • ", + "
  • on a Community Learning course
    • ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    Contact your college or training provider to appeal a decision from the Loan Bursary Fund.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/become-apprentice": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-apprentice", + "title": "Become an apprentice", + "content": "## How apprenticeships work\n\nApprenticeships combine practical training in a job with study.\n\nAs an apprentice you\u2019ll:\n\n- be an employee earning a wage and getting holiday pay\n\n- work alongside experienced staff\n\n- gain job-specific skills\n\n- get time for training and study related to your role (at least 20% of your normal working hours)\n\nApprenticeships take 1 to 5 years to complete depending on their level.\n\n## Levels of apprenticeship\n\nApprenticeships have equivalent educational levels.\n\n| | Level | Equivalent educational level |\n\n| Intermediate | 2 | GCSE |\n\n| Advanced | 3 | A level |\n\n| Higher | 4,5,6 and 7 | Foundation degree and above |\n\n| Degree | 6 and 7 | Bachelor\u2019s or master\u2019s degree |\n\nSome apprenticeships may also give you an additional qualification, such as a diploma.\n\n## Who can start an apprenticeship\n\nTo start an apprenticeship, you\u2019ll need to be:\n\n- 16 or over\n\n- living in England\n\n- not in full-time education\n\nYou can apply for an apprenticeship while you\u2019re still at school but you\u2019ll need to be 16 or over by the end of the summer holidays to start the apprenticeship.\n\n## If you need more experience\n\nIf you feel you\u2019re not ready for an apprenticeship, a traineeship is a course designed to prepare you for one.\n\n## Apprenticeships in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nDifferent organisations deal with apprenticeships in:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n## What you'll get\n\nAs an apprentice, you\u2019ll get:\n\n- paid and be entitled to the National Minimum Wage\n\n- time for training or study as part of your apprenticeship\n\n- holiday pay and other employee rights\n\n## Apprentice pay and the National Minimum Wage\n\nThere are different rates of pay for apprentices depending on your age and what year of your apprenticeship you\u2019re in.\n\nYour employment contract should confirm your rate of pay.\n\n## Aged 16 to 18\n\nThe current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.\n\n## Aged 19 or over and in your first year\n\nThe current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.\n\n## Aged 19 or over and have completed your first year\n\nYou\u2019re entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage rate for your age.\n\nCheck you\u2019re being paid the minimum wage with the National Minimum Wage and Living Wage calculator.\n\n## Time apprentices are paid for\n\nYou must be paid for:\n\n- your normal working hours\n\n- training that\u2019s part of your apprenticeship (at least 20% of your normal working hours)\n\n- study towards English and maths qualifications, if they\u2019re part of your apprenticeship\n\nYour normal working hours should be in your employment contract (this might be your apprenticeship agreement).\n\nThere are rules about how many hours you can work in a week and being paid overtime.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying for English and maths qualifications which are part of your apprenticeship, your employer should allow you time to study during your normal working hours.\n\n## Training\n\nAs an apprentice, at least 20% of your normal working hours must be spent on training.\n\nYour training might happen every week, every month or in a separate block of time.\n\nThe training might take place:\n\n- at your place of work\n\n- somewhere else like at a college or training provider\n\n- online\n\nYour training provider will be able to tell you when and where your training will be.\n\n## Holidays\n\nYou\u2019ll get at least 20 days paid holiday per year, plus bank holidays.\n\nUse the holiday calculator to check holiday entitlement for apprentices.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been in local authority care\n\nIf you\u2019re under 25 when you start your apprenticeship and have previously been in local authority care, you may be eligible for a bursary payment.\n\nAsk your training provider for more information about what you\u2019ll get, if you\u2019re eligible and how to apply.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nYour school, college or training provider may be able to give you advice about apprenticeships.\n\nContact Acas for free and confidential advice on your rights at work.\n\nContact the Support Service for Apprentices for mental health support and advice.\n\n## Apply for an apprenticeship\n\nThere are 3 steps to applying for an apprenticeship.\n\n- Search for an apprenticeship.\n\n- Sign in or create an account.\n\n- Complete and submit your application.\n\nThe National Careers Service has advice on writing applications and what to do at interviews.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying again because you were made redundant from your last apprenticeship, call the Apprenticeship helpline. You can also talk to your training provider.\n\n## If you\u2019re unsuccessful\n\nYou can ask for feedback if you do not get selected for an interview or for the apprenticeship.\n\nYou can complain if you think you were not successful because you were discriminated against, or your treatment in the interview or application process was unfair.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How apprenticeships work

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships combine practical training in a job with study.

    ", + "

    As an apprentice you\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • be an employee earning a wage and getting holiday pay
    • ", + "
  • work alongside experienced staff
    • ", + "
  • gain job-specific skills
    • ", + "
  • get time for training and study related to your role (at least 20% of your normal working hours)
    • ", + "

    Apprenticeships take 1 to 5 years to complete depending on their level.

    ", + "

    Levels of apprenticeship

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships have equivalent educational levels.

    ", + " | Level | Equivalent educational level", + "Intermediate | 2 | GCSE", + "Advanced | 3 | A level", + "Higher | 4,5,6 and 7 | Foundation degree and above", + "Degree | 6 and 7 | Bachelor\u2019s or master\u2019s degree", + "

    Some apprenticeships may also give you an additional qualification, such as a diploma.

    ", + "

    Who can start an apprenticeship

    ", + "

    To start an apprenticeship, you\u2019ll need to be:

    ", + "
  • 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • living in England
    • ", + "
  • not in full-time education
    • ", + "

    You can apply for an apprenticeship while you\u2019re still at school but you\u2019ll need to be 16 or over by the end of the summer holidays to start the apprenticeship.

    ", + "

    If you need more experience

    ", + "

    If you feel you\u2019re not ready for an apprenticeship, a traineeship is a course designed to prepare you for one.

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Different organisations deal with apprenticeships in:

    ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    As an apprentice, you\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • paid and be entitled to the National Minimum Wage
    • ", + "
  • time for training or study as part of your apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • holiday pay and other employee rights
    • ", + "

    Apprentice pay and the National Minimum Wage

    ", + "

    There are different rates of pay for apprentices depending on your age and what year of your apprenticeship you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    Your employment contract should confirm your rate of pay.

    ", + "

    Aged 16 to 18

    ", + "

    The current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.

    ", + "

    Aged 19 or over and in your first year

    ", + "

    The current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.

    ", + "

    Aged 19 or over and have completed your first year

    ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage rate for your age.

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re being paid the minimum wage with the National Minimum Wage and Living Wage calculator.

    ", + "

    Time apprentices are paid for

    ", + "

    You must be paid for:

    ", + "
  • your normal working hours
    • ", + "
  • training that\u2019s part of your apprenticeship (at least 20% of your normal working hours)
    • ", + "
  • study towards English and maths qualifications, if they\u2019re part of your apprenticeship
    • ", + "

    Your normal working hours should be in your employment contract (this might be your apprenticeship agreement).

    ", + "

    There are rules about how many hours you can work in a week and being paid overtime.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying for English and maths qualifications which are part of your apprenticeship, your employer should allow you time to study during your normal working hours.

    ", + "

    Training

    ", + "

    As an apprentice, at least 20% of your normal working hours must be spent on training.

    ", + "

    Your training might happen every week, every month or in a separate block of time.

    ", + "

    The training might take place:

    ", + "
  • at your place of work
    • ", + "
  • somewhere else like at a college or training provider
    • ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "

    Your training provider will be able to tell you when and where your training will be.

    ", + "

    Holidays

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get at least 20 days paid holiday per year, plus bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Use the holiday calculator to check holiday entitlement for apprentices.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in local authority care

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 25 when you start your apprenticeship and have previously been in local authority care, you may be eligible for a bursary payment.

    ", + "

    Ask your training provider for more information about what you\u2019ll get, if you\u2019re eligible and how to apply.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Your school, college or training provider may be able to give you advice about apprenticeships.

    ", + "

    Contact Acas for free and confidential advice on your rights at work.

    ", + "

    Contact the Support Service for Apprentices for mental health support and advice.

    ", + "

    Apply for an apprenticeship

    ", + "

    There are 3 steps to applying for an apprenticeship.

    ", + "
  • Search for an apprenticeship.
    • ", + "
  • Sign in or create an account.
    • ", + "
  • Complete and submit your application.
    • ", + "

    The National Careers Service has advice on writing applications and what to do at interviews.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying again because you were made redundant from your last apprenticeship, call the Apprenticeship helpline. You can also talk to your training provider.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unsuccessful

    ", + "

    You can ask for feedback if you do not get selected for an interview or for the apprenticeship.

    ", + "

    You can complain if you think you were not successful because you were discriminated against, or your treatment in the interview or application process was unfair.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/employing-an-apprentice": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employing-an-apprentice", + "title": "Employing an apprentice", + "content": "## Overview\n\nApprentices are aged 16 or over and combine working with studying to gain skills and knowledge in a specific job.\n\nApprentices can be new or current employees.\n\nYou must pay the apprentice at least the minimum wage.\n\nYour apprentice must:\n\n- work with experienced staff\n\n- learn job-specific skills\n\n- get time for training or study during their working week (at least 20% of their normal working hours)\n\n## Hiring your apprentice\n\nThere are several steps to taking on an apprentice.\n\n- Choose an apprenticeship for your business or organisation.\n\n- Find an organisation that offers training for the apprenticeship you\u2019ve chosen.\n\n- Check what funding is available for training and other costs to your organisation.\n\n- Advertise your apprenticeship - you or your training provider can do this through the recruit an apprentice service.\n\n- Select your apprentice and make an apprenticeship agreement and commitment statement with them.\n\nIf you do not want to hire and train the apprentice yourself, you can use an apprenticeship training agency. The apprentice will be employed by the agency but will work in your organisation.\n\n## How long it lasts\n\nApprenticeships must last for at least a year. They can last up to 5 years depending on the level the apprentice is studying.\n\n## Get help\n\nFill in the enquiry form or contact the National Apprenticeship Service for more information.\n\nYou can get more information or use the webchat service on the apprenticeship service employer support site.\n\n## Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nContact your apprenticeship authority if you\u2019re an employer in:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n## Get funding\n\nYou can get help from the government:\n\n- to pay for apprenticeship training and assessment\n\n- as an incentive payment for other costs\n\n## Help to pay for apprenticeship training and assessment\n\nThe amount you get depends on whether you pay the apprenticeship levy or not. You pay the levy if you\u2019re an employer with a pay bill over \u00a33 million each year.\n\n## If you do not need to pay the levy\n\nYou pay 5% towards the cost of training and assessing your apprentice. You need to:\n\n- agree a payment schedule with the training provider\n\n- pay them directly for the training\n\nThe government will pay the rest (95%) up to the funding band maximum. They\u2019ll pay it directly to the training provider.\n\nYou could be eligible for extra funding depending on both your and your apprentice\u2019s circumstances.\n\nYou contribute 10% towards the cost of training and assessing your apprentice and the government pays the rest (90%) if your apprentice started before 1 April 2019. This rate continues until your apprentice completes their training.\n\n## If you pay the levy\n\nYou\u2019ll receive funds to spend on training and assessing your apprentices. The government will add 10%.\n\nHow you get your funds and pay for training depends on whether you\u2019re in:\n\n- England\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n## Help to pay for other costs\n\nYou can claim for an incentive payment for new apprentices who join your organisation.\n\nYou can claim \u00a33,000 for apprentices who start between 1 April 2021 and 30 September 2021.\n\nThe closing date for applications is 30 November 2021.\n\nFind out if you are eligible, what you can use the payment for and how to apply.\n\n## Register for a digital service account\n\nRegister for an apprenticeship service account to access funds or pay for training. You\u2019ll be able to apply for the incentive payment after you add new apprentices to your account.\n\nIf you pay the apprenticeship levy and use an apprenticeship training agency, you cannot use funds from your digital account to pay for the training agency\u2019s services.\n\n## Get help\n\nFill in the enquiry form or contact the National Apprenticeship Service for more information.\n\nYou can get more information or use the webchat service on the apprenticeship service employer support site.\n\n## Pay and conditions for apprentices\n\nYou are responsible for:\n\n- giving your apprentice their contract of employment\n\n- paying your apprentice\u2019s wage\n\n- signing an apprenticeship agreement\n\n## Pay for apprentices\n\nYou must pay apprentices at least the National Minimum Wage.\n\nThere\u2019s different rates of pay for apprentices depending on their age and what year of their apprenticeship they\u2019ve completed.\n\nThe contract of employment should make it clear what wage you\u2019ll pay your apprentice and for what hours.\n\n## Aged 16 to 18\n\nThe current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.\n\n## Aged 19 or over and in their first year\n\nThe current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.\n\n## Aged 19 or over and have completed their first year\n\nApprentices will be entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage rate for their age.\n\nUse the National Minimum Wage and Living Wage calculator to check if you\u2019re paying your apprentices correctly.\n\n## Conditions\n\nApprentices must work towards an approved apprenticeship. Their training must last at least 12 months.\n\nThey must be employed in a real job that gives them the opportunity to gain the knowledge and skills they need to pass their assessment.\n\n## Training and study\n\nYou must pay your apprentice for time spent training or studying for their apprenticeship.\n\nApprentices must spend at least 20% of their normal working hours training.\n\nThe training might take place:\n\n- at their place of work\n\n- somewhere else (for example, a college or training provider)\n\n- online\n\nIf your apprentice is also studying for English or maths qualifications required by their apprenticeship, they are entitled to paid study time during their normal working hours.\n\n## Employee rights\n\nYou must offer apprentices the same conditions as other employees working at similar grades or in similar roles. This includes:\n\n- paid holidays\n\n- sick pay\n\n- any benefits you offer such as childcare voucher schemes\n\n- any support you offer such as coaching or mentoring\n\n## Apprentices and redundancy\n\nApprentices have the same employment rights as your other employees. Follow the process for making staff redundant if you have to make an apprentice redundant.\n\nGet legal advice if you want to end the apprenticeship early for another reason.\n\n## Support for apprentices\n\nYour apprentice can get support if they\u2019re being made redundant or are at risk of redundancy.\n\nThey can get:\n\n- financial and legal advice\n\n- support for their health and wellbeing\n\n- help finding another apprenticeship\n\n## Make an apprenticeship agreement\n\nYou must sign an apprenticeship agreement with your apprentice.\n\nThis gives details of:\n\n- the skill, trade or occupation the apprentice is being trained for\n\n- the name of the apprenticeship they\u2019re working towards\n\n- the start and end dates for the apprenticeship\n\n- the amount of training you\u2019ll give them\n\nYou can write your own apprentice agreement or download an apprenticeship agreement template.\n\n## Commitment statement\n\nYou must sign a commitment statement with your apprentice and the training provider.\n\nYou can write your own commitment statement or use the ESFA apprenticeship commitment statement template.\n\nIt must include:\n\n- the planned content and schedule for training\n\n- what is expected and offered by the employer, the training provider and the apprentice\n\n- how to resolve queries or complaints", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Apprentices are aged 16 or over and combine working with studying to gain skills and knowledge in a specific job.

    ", + "

    Apprentices can be new or current employees.

    ", + "

    You must pay the apprentice at least the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Your apprentice must:

    ", + "
  • work with experienced staff
    • ", + "
  • learn job-specific skills
    • ", + "
  • get time for training or study during their working week (at least 20% of their normal working hours)
    • ", + "

    Hiring your apprentice

    ", + "

    There are several steps to taking on an apprentice.

    ", + "
  • Choose an apprenticeship for your business or organisation.
    • ", + "
  • Find an organisation that offers training for the apprenticeship you\u2019ve chosen.
    • ", + "
  • Check what funding is available for training and other costs to your organisation.
    • ", + "
  • Advertise your apprenticeship - you or your training provider can do this through the recruit an apprentice service.
    • ", + "
  • Select your apprentice and make an apprenticeship agreement and commitment statement with them.
    • ", + "

    If you do not want to hire and train the apprentice yourself, you can use an apprenticeship training agency. The apprentice will be employed by the agency but will work in your organisation.

    ", + "

    How long it lasts

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships must last for at least a year. They can last up to 5 years depending on the level the apprentice is studying.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Fill in the enquiry form or contact the National Apprenticeship Service for more information.

    ", + "

    You can get more information or use the webchat service on the apprenticeship service employer support site.

    ", + "

    Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Contact your apprenticeship authority if you\u2019re an employer in:

    ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Get funding

    ", + "

    You can get help from the government:

    ", + "
  • to pay for apprenticeship training and assessment
    • ", + "
  • as an incentive payment for other costs
    • ", + "

    Help to pay for apprenticeship training and assessment

    ", + "

    The amount you get depends on whether you pay the apprenticeship levy or not. You pay the levy if you\u2019re an employer with a pay bill over \u00a33 million each year.

    ", + "

    If you do not need to pay the levy

    ", + "

    You pay 5% towards the cost of training and assessing your apprentice. You need to:

    ", + "
  • agree a payment schedule with the training provider
    • ", + "
  • pay them directly for the training
    • ", + "

    The government will pay the rest (95%) up to the funding band maximum. They\u2019ll pay it directly to the training provider.

    ", + "

    You could be eligible for extra funding depending on both your and your apprentice\u2019s circumstances.

    ", + "

    You contribute 10% towards the cost of training and assessing your apprentice and the government pays the rest (90%) if your apprentice started before 1 April 2019. This rate continues until your apprentice completes their training.

    ", + "

    If you pay the levy

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive funds to spend on training and assessing your apprentices. The government will add 10%.

    ", + "

    How you get your funds and pay for training depends on whether you\u2019re in:

    ", + "
  • England
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Help to pay for other costs

    ", + "

    You can claim for an incentive payment for new apprentices who join your organisation.

    ", + "

    You can claim \u00a33,000 for apprentices who start between 1 April 2021 and 30 September 2021.

    ", + "

    The closing date for applications is 30 November 2021.

    ", + "

    Find out if you are eligible, what you can use the payment for and how to apply.

    ", + "

    Register for a digital service account

    ", + "

    Register for an apprenticeship service account to access funds or pay for training. You\u2019ll be able to apply for the incentive payment after you add new apprentices to your account.

    ", + "

    If you pay the apprenticeship levy and use an apprenticeship training agency, you cannot use funds from your digital account to pay for the training agency\u2019s services.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Fill in the enquiry form or contact the National Apprenticeship Service for more information.

    ", + "

    You can get more information or use the webchat service on the apprenticeship service employer support site.

    ", + "

    Pay and conditions for apprentices

    ", + "

    You are responsible for:

    ", + "
  • giving your apprentice their contract of employment
    • ", + "
  • paying your apprentice\u2019s wage
    • ", + "
  • signing an apprenticeship agreement
    • ", + "

    Pay for apprentices

    ", + "

    You must pay apprentices at least the National Minimum Wage.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s different rates of pay for apprentices depending on their age and what year of their apprenticeship they\u2019ve completed.

    ", + "

    The contract of employment should make it clear what wage you\u2019ll pay your apprentice and for what hours.

    ", + "

    Aged 16 to 18

    ", + "

    The current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.

    ", + "

    Aged 19 or over and in their first year

    ", + "

    The current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.

    ", + "

    Aged 19 or over and have completed their first year

    ", + "

    Apprentices will be entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage rate for their age.

    ", + "

    Use the National Minimum Wage and Living Wage calculator to check if you\u2019re paying your apprentices correctly.

    ", + "

    Conditions

    ", + "

    Apprentices must work towards an approved apprenticeship. Their training must last at least 12 months.

    ", + "

    They must be employed in a real job that gives them the opportunity to gain the knowledge and skills they need to pass their assessment.

    ", + "

    Training and study

    ", + "

    You must pay your apprentice for time spent training or studying for their apprenticeship.

    ", + "

    Apprentices must spend at least 20% of their normal working hours training.

    ", + "

    The training might take place:

    ", + "
  • at their place of work
    • ", + "
  • somewhere else (for example, a college or training provider)
    • ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "

    If your apprentice is also studying for English or maths qualifications required by their apprenticeship, they are entitled to paid study time during their normal working hours.

    ", + "

    Employee rights

    ", + "

    You must offer apprentices the same conditions as other employees working at similar grades or in similar roles. This includes:

    ", + "
  • paid holidays
    • ", + "
  • sick pay
    • ", + "
  • any benefits you offer such as childcare voucher schemes
    • ", + "
  • any support you offer such as coaching or mentoring
    • ", + "

    Apprentices and redundancy

    ", + "

    Apprentices have the same employment rights as your other employees. Follow the process for making staff redundant if you have to make an apprentice redundant.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice if you want to end the apprenticeship early for another reason.

    ", + "

    Support for apprentices

    ", + "

    Your apprentice can get support if they\u2019re being made redundant or are at risk of redundancy.

    ", + "

    They can get:

    ", + "
  • financial and legal advice
    • ", + "
  • support for their health and wellbeing
    • ", + "
  • help finding another apprenticeship
    • ", + "

    Make an apprenticeship agreement

    ", + "

    You must sign an apprenticeship agreement with your apprentice.

    ", + "

    This gives details of:

    ", + "
  • the skill, trade or occupation the apprentice is being trained for
    • ", + "
  • the name of the apprenticeship they\u2019re working towards
    • ", + "
  • the start and end dates for the apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • the amount of training you\u2019ll give them
    • ", + "

    You can write your own apprentice agreement or download an apprenticeship agreement template.

    ", + "

    Commitment statement

    ", + "

    You must sign a commitment statement with your apprentice and the training provider.

    ", + "

    You can write your own commitment statement or use the ESFA apprenticeship commitment statement template.

    ", + "

    It must include:

    ", + "
  • the planned content and schedule for training
    • ", + "
  • what is expected and offered by the employer, the training provider and the apprentice
    • ", + "
  • how to resolve queries or complaints
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/further-education-courses": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/further-education-courses", + "title": "Further education courses and funding", + "content": "## Overview\n\nFurther education (FE) includes any study after secondary education that\u2019s not part of higher education (that is, not taken as part of an undergraduate or graduate degree).\n\nCourses range from basic English and maths to Higher National Diplomas (HNDs).\n\nFE also includes 3 types of technical and applied qualifications for 16 to 19-year-olds:\n\n- level 3 tech levels to specialise in a specific technical job\n\n- level 2 technical certificates help get employment or progress to another tech level\n\n- applied general qualifications to continue general education at advanced level through applied learning\n\n## Funding\n\nMany courses in reading, writing and basic maths are free, and you may not have to pay for tuition if you\u2019re under 24 and studying for your first qualification equivalent to GCSE or A level.\n\nFind out about financial support, for example for your course or day-to-day living costs.\n\n## Find a course\n\nUse the National Careers Service course search to find further education (FE) courses by course name, provider or subject.\n\nYou can also take courses through the internet or email (known as \u2018distance learning\u2019).\n\n## Comparing FE colleges\n\nYou can compare survey data from employers and learners about FE colleges.\n\n## Advice\n\nYou can get free advice from the National Careers Service if you need help choosing a course.\n\n## If you're 16 or 17\n\nIf you\u2019re aged 16 or 17 you can study a further education (FE) course:\n\n- full-time at school or college\n\n- while at work\n\nIf you\u2019re coming towards the end of a school or college course, you\u2019re guaranteed a place on an FE course the following autumn if you\u2019re under 18 years old.\n\nContact your school or local council to find out what\u2019s on offer.\n\n## Advice\n\nGet advice to help you decide on the right course from a National Careers Service adviser.\n\n## Financial help\n\nYou may be able to get help with the costs of:\n\n- your course\n\n- day-to-day living costs\n\n- childcare\n\nDepending on your circumstances and the subject you\u2019re studying, you may qualify for:\n\n- Learner Support\n\n- Residential Support Scheme\n\n- Care to Learn\n\n- Dance and Drama Awards\n\n- 16 to 19 Bursary Fund\n\n- a loan to help with the costs of a college or training course if you\u2019re 19 or older - called an Advanced Learning Loan\n\n## Funding for essential skills\n\nIn most cases you will not have to pay for level 1 and 2 English and maths courses. You might be able to take other courses for free.\n\n## Funding if you\u2019re on benefits\n\nYou can get free training if you\u2019re unemployed and:\n\n- claiming Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- in an Employment and Support Allowance work-related activity group\n\n- required to do training as part of your Universal Credit claim\n\nYour Jobcentre work coach will tell you what training you can do.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming other benefits or cannot get free training through your job centre, you may be able to get funding from colleges and training providers.\n\n## Funding from a charitable trust\n\nUse the Family Action grant search to check if you can get help from a charitable trust.\n\n## Advice\n\nFind out more about courses and what financial help you can get through the National Careers Service.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Further education (FE) includes any study after secondary education that\u2019s not part of higher education (that is, not taken as part of an undergraduate or graduate degree).

    ", + "

    Courses range from basic English and maths to Higher National Diplomas (HNDs).

    ", + "

    FE also includes 3 types of technical and applied qualifications for 16 to 19-year-olds:

    ", + "
  • level 3 tech levels to specialise in a specific technical job
    • ", + "
  • level 2 technical certificates help get employment or progress to another tech level
    • ", + "
  • applied general qualifications to continue general education at advanced level through applied learning
    • ", + "

    Funding

    ", + "

    Many courses in reading, writing and basic maths are free, and you may not have to pay for tuition if you\u2019re under 24 and studying for your first qualification equivalent to GCSE or A level.

    ", + "

    Find out about financial support, for example for your course or day-to-day living costs.

    ", + "

    Find a course

    ", + "

    Use the National Careers Service course search to find further education (FE) courses by course name, provider or subject.

    ", + "

    You can also take courses through the internet or email (known as \u2018distance learning\u2019).

    ", + "

    Comparing FE colleges

    ", + "

    You can compare survey data from employers and learners about FE colleges.

    ", + "

    Advice

    ", + "

    You can get free advice from the National Careers Service if you need help choosing a course.

    ", + "

    If you're 16 or 17

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re aged 16 or 17 you can study a further education (FE) course:

    ", + "
  • full-time at school or college
    • ", + "
  • while at work
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re coming towards the end of a school or college course, you\u2019re guaranteed a place on an FE course the following autumn if you\u2019re under 18 years old.

    ", + "

    Contact your school or local council to find out what\u2019s on offer.

    ", + "

    Advice

    ", + "

    Get advice to help you decide on the right course from a National Careers Service adviser.

    ", + "

    Financial help

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with the costs of:

    ", + "
  • your course
    • ", + "
  • day-to-day living costs
    • ", + "
  • childcare
    • ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances and the subject you\u2019re studying, you may qualify for:

    ", + "
  • Learner Support
    • ", + "
  • Residential Support Scheme
    • ", + "
  • Care to Learn
    • ", + "
  • Dance and Drama Awards
    • ", + "
  • 16 to 19 Bursary Fund
    • ", + "
  • a loan to help with the costs of a college or training course if you\u2019re 19 or older - called an Advanced Learning Loan
    • ", + "

    Funding for essential skills

    ", + "

    In most cases you will not have to pay for level 1 and 2 English and maths courses. You might be able to take other courses for free.

    ", + "

    Funding if you\u2019re on benefits

    ", + "

    You can get free training if you\u2019re unemployed and:

    ", + "
  • claiming Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • in an Employment and Support Allowance work-related activity group
    • ", + "
  • required to do training as part of your Universal Credit claim
    • ", + "

    Your Jobcentre work coach will tell you what training you can do.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming other benefits or cannot get free training through your job centre, you may be able to get funding from colleges and training providers.

    ", + "

    Funding from a charitable trust

    ", + "

    Use the Family Action grant search to check if you can get help from a charitable trust.

    ", + "

    Advice

    ", + "

    Find out more about courses and what financial help you can get through the National Careers Service.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/residential-support-scheme": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/residential-support-scheme", + "title": "Get funding for college accommodation", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be able to get help with the cost of term-time accommodation if you\u2019re studying a further education course that\u2019s far from your home.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\nYou will not be able to get help with boarding school fees.\n\n## What you can apply for\n\nYou may be able to apply to get money from the following:\n\n- Residential Bursary Fund (RBF), if you study at a specialist residential centre\n\n- Residential Support Scheme (RSS), if you do not study at a specialist residential centre\n\n## Residential Bursary Fund\n\nYou may be able to get help with the cost of accommodation from the Residential Bursary Fund (RBF).\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- meet the residency requirements (your college will check this)\n\n- be at least 16 and under 19 on 31 August 2021\n\nYou may be eligible if you\u2019re 19 and either:\n\n- continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18\n\n- have an education, health and care plan (EHCP)\n\nYour course must:\n\n- be at a specialist residential centre (your college can confirm this)\n\n- be too far to travel to each day (your college must agree with this)\n\n- be full-time\n\n- be \u201816 to 19 funded\u2019 (your college can confirm this)\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nYour college will decide how much you get. It depends on your household income.\n\nYou can get payments for a maximum of 3 years.\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact the student support officer at your college for an application form and help with applying.\n\n## Residential Support Scheme\n\nYou may be able to get help with the cost of accommodation from the Residential Support Scheme (RSS).\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- be at least 16 and under 19 on 31 August 2021\n\n- meet the residency requirements (your college will check this)\n\n- not be on housing benefit\n\n- have a household income of less than \u00a330,993\n\n- be studying your first level 2 or level 3 qualification (for example 2 or more A levels, a diploma or a national vocational qualification)\n\nYou may be eligible if you\u2019re 19 and either:\n\n- continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18\n\n- have an education, health and care plan (EHCP)\n\nYour course must:\n\n- not be at a specialist residential centre (your college can confirm this)\n\n- be full-time at a college in England\n\n- be \u201816 to 19 funded\u2019 (your college can confirm this)\n\nYour course must also be more than either 15 miles or a 2 hour round trip from your home, and not available any closer than that.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nThe table shows the maximum you can get each year. The actual amount you can get depends on your accommodation costs.\n\n| Gross household income | Studying outside London | Studying in London |\n\n| Up to \u00a321,000 | Up to \u00a33,458 | Up to \u00a34,079 |\n\n| \u00a321,001 to \u00a325,704 | Up to \u00a32,305 | Up to \u00a32,685 |\n\n| \u00a325,705 to \u00a330,993 | Up to \u00a31,152 | Up to \u00a31,355 |\n\n| \u00a330,994 or more | No award | No award |\n\nYou can get payments for a maximum of 3 years.\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact the student support officer at your college for an application form and help with applying.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with the cost of term-time accommodation if you\u2019re studying a further education course that\u2019s far from your home.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your household income.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to get help with boarding school fees.

    ", + "

    What you can apply for

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to get money from the following:

    ", + "
  • Residential Bursary Fund (RBF), if you study at a specialist residential centre
    • ", + "
  • Residential Support Scheme (RSS), if you do not study at a specialist residential centre
    • ", + "

    Residential Bursary Fund

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with the cost of accommodation from the Residential Bursary Fund (RBF).

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • meet the residency requirements (your college will check this)
    • ", + "
  • be at least 16 and under 19 on 31 August 2021
    • ", + "

    You may be eligible if you\u2019re 19 and either:

    ", + "
  • continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18
    • ", + "
  • have an education, health and care plan (EHCP)
    • ", + "

    Your course must:

    ", + "
  • be at a specialist residential centre (your college can confirm this)
    • ", + "
  • be too far to travel to each day (your college must agree with this)
    • ", + "
  • be full-time
    • ", + "
  • be \u201816 to 19 funded\u2019 (your college can confirm this)
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    Your college will decide how much you get. It depends on your household income.

    ", + "

    You can get payments for a maximum of 3 years.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Contact the student support officer at your college for an application form and help with applying.

    ", + "

    Residential Support Scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with the cost of accommodation from the Residential Support Scheme (RSS).

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • be at least 16 and under 19 on 31 August 2021
    • ", + "
  • meet the residency requirements (your college will check this)
    • ", + "
  • not be on housing benefit
    • ", + "
  • have a household income of less than \u00a330,993
    • ", + "
  • be studying your first level 2 or level 3 qualification (for example 2 or more A levels, a diploma or a national vocational qualification)
    • ", + "

    You may be eligible if you\u2019re 19 and either:

    ", + "
  • continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18
    • ", + "
  • have an education, health and care plan (EHCP)
    • ", + "

    Your course must:

    ", + "
  • not be at a specialist residential centre (your college can confirm this)
    • ", + "
  • be full-time at a college in England
    • ", + "
  • be \u201816 to 19 funded\u2019 (your college can confirm this)
    • ", + "

    Your course must also be more than either 15 miles or a 2 hour round trip from your home, and not available any closer than that.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    The table shows the maximum you can get each year. The actual amount you can get depends on your accommodation costs.

    ", + "Gross household income | Studying outside London | Studying in London", + "Up to \u00a321,000 | Up to \u00a33,458 | Up to \u00a34,079", + "\u00a321,001 to \u00a325,704 | Up to \u00a32,305 | Up to \u00a32,685", + "\u00a325,705 to \u00a330,993 | Up to \u00a31,152 | Up to \u00a31,355", + "\u00a330,994 or more | No award | No award", + "

    You can get payments for a maximum of 3 years.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Contact the student support officer at your college for an application form and help with applying.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support", + "title": "Learner Support", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re aged 19 or over, on a further education course and facing financial hardship, you could get Learner Support.\n\nYou apply to your learning provider (for example your college) for Learner Support. How much you get depends on your circumstances.\n\nThe money can help pay for things like:\n\n- accommodation and travel\n\n- course materials and equipment\n\n- childcare - if you qualify\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYour learning provider (for example, a college) decides how much you get. It depends on their scheme and your circumstances.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nThe money could be:\n\n- a direct payment to you - which you don\u2019t have to pay back\n\n- a loan - which you have to pay back\n\n- paid to someone else, for example a landlord\n\nYour learning provider decides how the money is paid to you. It depends on their scheme and what the money is for.\n\nCheck with the student support staff at your college or the National Careers Service about other funding you could get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get Learner Support you must be:\n\n- 19 or over\n\n- studying at a learning provider funded by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (check with your college)\n\nYou must be 20 or over to get help with childcare costs. If you\u2019re 19, apply for Care to Learn instead.\n\nYou can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:\n\n- Professional and Career Development Loans\n\n- Care to Learn\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n## Who can\u2019t apply\n\nYou can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:\n\n- getting student finance for higher education\n\n- on a Community Learning course\n\n## How to claim\n\nApply directly to your learning provider (for example, a college) - they each have their own application process.\n\nSpeak to your student support services to:\n\n- get help applying\n\n- find out what\u2019s available\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nIf you\u2019re not happy with the decision about your Learner Support, contact your learning provider to appeal it.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re aged 19 or over, on a further education course and facing financial hardship, you could get Learner Support.

    ", + "

    You apply to your learning provider (for example your college) for Learner Support. How much you get depends on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    The money can help pay for things like:

    ", + "
  • accommodation and travel
    • ", + "
  • course materials and equipment
    • ", + "
  • childcare - if you qualify
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Your learning provider (for example, a college) decides how much you get. It depends on their scheme and your circumstances.

    ", + "

    How the money is paid

    ", + "

    The money could be:

    ", + "
  • a direct payment to you - which you don\u2019t have to pay back
    • ", + "
  • a loan - which you have to pay back
    • ", + "
  • paid to someone else, for example a landlord
    • ", + "

    Your learning provider decides how the money is paid to you. It depends on their scheme and what the money is for.

    ", + "

    Check with the student support staff at your college or the National Careers Service about other funding you could get.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To get Learner Support you must be:

    ", + "
  • 19 or over
    • ", + "
  • studying at a learning provider funded by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (check with your college)
    • ", + "

    You must be 20 or over to get help with childcare costs. If you\u2019re 19, apply for Care to Learn instead.

    ", + "

    You can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:

    ", + "
  • Professional and Career Development Loans
    • ", + "
  • Care to Learn
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "

    Who can\u2019t apply

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • getting student finance for higher education
    • ", + "
  • on a Community Learning course
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Apply directly to your learning provider (for example, a college) - they each have their own application process.

    ", + "

    Speak to your student support services to:

    ", + "
  • get help applying
    • ", + "
  • find out what\u2019s available
    • ", + "

    Appeal a decision

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not happy with the decision about your Learner Support, contact your learning provider to appeal it.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/what-different-qualification-levels-mean": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-different-qualification-levels-mean", + "title": "What qualification levels mean", + "content": "## Overview\n\nMost qualifications have a difficulty level. The higher the level, the more difficult the qualification is.\n\nIf you need to know the level of a qualification, you can:\n\n- see a list of qualification levels in England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\n- use the Register of Regulated Qualifications - if you know the name of the qualification and the exam board that runs it\n\n- compare qualification levels from other countries\n\nQualifications at the same level sometimes cover different amounts of the same subject.\n\n## Help\n\nContact the National Careers Service for advice about qualification levels if you\u2019re in England.\n\nFor the rest of the UK, contact:\n\n- Skills Development Scotland\n\n- Careers Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland Direct\n\n## England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nThere are 9 qualification levels.\n\n## Entry level\n\nEach entry level qualification is available at three sub-levels - 1, 2 and 3. Entry level 3 is the most difficult.\n\nEntry level qualifications are:\n\n- entry level award\n\n- entry level certificate (ELC)\n\n- entry level diploma\n\n- entry level English for speakers of other languages (ESOL)\n\n- entry level essential skills\n\n- entry level functional skills\n\n- Skills for Life\n\n## Level 1\n\nLevel 1 qualifications are:\n\n- first certificate\n\n- GCSE - grades 3, 2, 1 or grades D, E, F, G\n\n- level 1 award\n\n- level 1 certificate\n\n- level 1 diploma\n\n- level 1 ESOL\n\n- level 1 essential skills\n\n- level 1 functional skills\n\n- level 1 national vocational qualification (NVQ)\n\n- music grades 1, 2 and 3\n\n## Level 2\n\nLevel 2 qualifications are:\n\n- CSE - grade 1\n\n- GCSE - grades 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 or grades A*, A, B, C\n\n- intermediate apprenticeship\n\n- level 2 award\n\n- level 2 certificate\n\n- level 2 diploma\n\n- level 2 ESOL\n\n- level 2 essential skills\n\n- level 2 functional skills\n\n- level 2 national certificate\n\n- level 2 national diploma\n\n- level 2 NVQ\n\n- music grades 4 and 5\n\n- O level - grade A, B or C\n\n## Level 3\n\nLevel 3 qualifications are:\n\n- A level\n\n- access to higher education diploma\n\n- advanced apprenticeship\n\n- applied general\n\n- AS level\n\n- international Baccalaureate diploma\n\n- level 3 award\n\n- level 3 certificate\n\n- level 3 diploma\n\n- level 3 ESOL\n\n- level 3 national certificate\n\n- level 3 national diploma\n\n- level 3 NVQ\n\n- music grades 6, 7 and 8\n\n- tech level\n\n## Level 4\n\nLevel 4 qualifications are:\n\n- certificate of higher education (CertHE)\n\n- higher apprenticeship\n\n- higher national certificate (HNC)\n\n- level 4 award\n\n- level 4 certificate\n\n- level 4 diploma\n\n- level 4 NVQ\n\n## Level 5\n\nLevel 5 qualifications are:\n\n- diploma of higher education (DipHE)\n\n- foundation degree\n\n- higher national diploma (HND)\n\n- level 5 award\n\n- level 5 certificate\n\n- level 5 diploma\n\n- level 5 NVQ\n\n## Level 6\n\nLevel 6 qualifications are:\n\n- degree apprenticeship\n\n- degree with honours - for example bachelor of the arts (BA) hons, bachelor of science (BSc) hons\n\n- graduate certificate\n\n- graduate diploma\n\n- level 6 award\n\n- level 6 certificate\n\n- level 6 diploma\n\n- level 6 NVQ\n\n- ordinary degree without honours\n\n## Level 7\n\nLevel 7 qualifications are:\n\n- integrated master\u2019s degree, for example master of engineering (MEng)\n\n- level 7 award\n\n- level 7 certificate\n\n- level 7 diploma\n\n- level 7 NVQ\n\n- master\u2019s degree, for example master of arts (MA), master of science (MSc)\n\n- postgraduate certificate\n\n- postgraduate certificate in education (PGCE)\n\n- postgraduate diploma\n\n## Level 8\n\nLevel 8 qualifications are:\n\n- doctorate, for example doctor of philosophy (PhD or DPhil)\n\n- level 8 award\n\n- level 8 certificate\n\n- level 8 diploma\n\n## Other countries\n\nQualifications outside England, Wales and Northern Ireland use different level systems.\n\n## Scotland\n\nYou can compare qualifications in Scotland with those in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Outside the UK\n\nYou can:\n\n- compare European qualifications\n\n- contact the UK National Academic Recognition Information Centre (UK NARIC) to compare a UK qualification with any non-UK qualification - there\u2019s a fee for this", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Most qualifications have a difficulty level. The higher the level, the more difficult the qualification is.

    ", + "

    If you need to know the level of a qualification, you can:

    ", + "
  • see a list of qualification levels in England, Wales and Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • use the Register of Regulated Qualifications - if you know the name of the qualification and the exam board that runs it
    • ", + "
  • compare qualification levels from other countries
    • ", + "

    Qualifications at the same level sometimes cover different amounts of the same subject.

    ", + "

    Help

    ", + "

    Contact the National Careers Service for advice about qualification levels if you\u2019re in England.

    ", + "

    For the rest of the UK, contact:

    ", + "
  • Skills Development Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Careers Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland Direct
    • ", + "

    England, Wales and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    There are 9 qualification levels.

    ", + "

    Entry level

    ", + "

    Each entry level qualification is available at three sub-levels - 1, 2 and 3. Entry level 3 is the most difficult.

    ", + "

    Entry level qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • entry level award
    • ", + "
  • entry level certificate (ELC)
    • ", + "
  • entry level diploma
    • ", + "
  • entry level English for speakers of other languages (ESOL)
    • ", + "
  • entry level essential skills
    • ", + "
  • entry level functional skills
    • ", + "
  • Skills for Life
    • ", + "

    Level 1

    ", + "

    Level 1 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • first certificate
    • ", + "
  • GCSE - grades 3, 2, 1 or grades D, E, F, G
    • ", + "
  • level 1 award
    • ", + "
  • level 1 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 1 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 1 ESOL
    • ", + "
  • level 1 essential skills
    • ", + "
  • level 1 functional skills
    • ", + "
  • level 1 national vocational qualification (NVQ)
    • ", + "
  • music grades 1, 2 and 3
    • ", + "

    Level 2

    ", + "

    Level 2 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • CSE - grade 1
    • ", + "
  • GCSE - grades 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 or grades A*, A, B, C
    • ", + "
  • intermediate apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • level 2 award
    • ", + "
  • level 2 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 2 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 2 ESOL
    • ", + "
  • level 2 essential skills
    • ", + "
  • level 2 functional skills
    • ", + "
  • level 2 national certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 2 national diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 2 NVQ
    • ", + "
  • music grades 4 and 5
    • ", + "
  • O level - grade A, B or C
    • ", + "

    Level 3

    ", + "

    Level 3 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • A level
    • ", + "
  • access to higher education diploma
    • ", + "
  • advanced apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • applied general
    • ", + "
  • AS level
    • ", + "
  • international Baccalaureate diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 3 award
    • ", + "
  • level 3 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 3 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 3 ESOL
    • ", + "
  • level 3 national certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 3 national diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 3 NVQ
    • ", + "
  • music grades 6, 7 and 8
    • ", + "
  • tech level
    • ", + "

    Level 4

    ", + "

    Level 4 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • certificate of higher education (CertHE)
    • ", + "
  • higher apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • higher national certificate (HNC)
    • ", + "
  • level 4 award
    • ", + "
  • level 4 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 4 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 4 NVQ
    • ", + "

    Level 5

    ", + "

    Level 5 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • diploma of higher education (DipHE)
    • ", + "
  • foundation degree
    • ", + "
  • higher national diploma (HND)
    • ", + "
  • level 5 award
    • ", + "
  • level 5 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 5 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 5 NVQ
    • ", + "

    Level 6

    ", + "

    Level 6 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • degree apprenticeship
    • ", + "
  • degree with honours - for example bachelor of the arts (BA) hons, bachelor of science (BSc) hons
    • ", + "
  • graduate certificate
    • ", + "
  • graduate diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 6 award
    • ", + "
  • level 6 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 6 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 6 NVQ
    • ", + "
  • ordinary degree without honours
    • ", + "

    Level 7

    ", + "

    Level 7 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • integrated master\u2019s degree, for example master of engineering (MEng)
    • ", + "
  • level 7 award
    • ", + "
  • level 7 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 7 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 7 NVQ
    • ", + "
  • master\u2019s degree, for example master of arts (MA), master of science (MSc)
    • ", + "
  • postgraduate certificate
    • ", + "
  • postgraduate certificate in education (PGCE)
    • ", + "
  • postgraduate diploma
    • ", + "

    Level 8

    ", + "

    Level 8 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • doctorate, for example doctor of philosophy (PhD or DPhil)
    • ", + "
  • level 8 award
    • ", + "
  • level 8 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 8 diploma
    • ", + "

    Other countries

    ", + "

    Qualifications outside England, Wales and Northern Ireland use different level systems.

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    You can compare qualifications in Scotland with those in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Outside the UK

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • compare European qualifications
    • ", + "
  • contact the UK National Academic Recognition Information Centre (UK NARIC) to compare a UK qualification with any non-UK qualification - there\u2019s a fee for this
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-qualification-result": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-qualification-result", + "title": "Appeal against an exam result", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can challenge the results of an exam or qualification if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## GCSEs, AS levels or A levels\n\nYou can ask your school or college to get an exam result looked at again - this is called requesting a review.\n\nIf you\u2019re not satisfied with the outcome, your school or college can make an appeal to Ofqual.\n\n## Other qualifications\n\nAsk your school or college to appeal to the awarding organisation about the results for any other qualification, for example a BTEC or an NVQ.\n\nYou can appeal directly to the awarding organisation if you\u2019re a private student, for example, if you are home schooled or are a mature student.\n\nThe awarding organisation will send you a final report after they\u2019ve reviewed the result.\n\nIf you\u2019re not happy with the outcome of the appeal, you can contact Ofqual to make a complaint.\n\n## Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\nFind out more about the appeals process in:\n\n- Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n## Request a review\n\nYou can challenge the result of a GCSE, AS level or A level exam.\n\nYou can also challenge the result of another qualification.\n\n## Who can request a GCSE, AS level or A level review\n\nYou can ask your school or college to get an exam result looked at again (known as \u2018requesting a review\u2019). You cannot request a review yourself unless you\u2019re a private candidate, for example you were home schooled.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe mark will be changed if the reviewer thinks it\u2019s wrong. The new mark may be higher or lower than the original.\n\nYou can ask your school or college\u2019s exams officer for more information about their internal appeals procedure and their policy on reviews of marking and moderation.\n\nYou can appeal against a review if you\u2019re unhappy with the decision.\n\nYou or your school may have to pay if the mark is not changed.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nThe deadlines for requesting a review are:\n\n- A levels - 4 February 2021\n\n- GCSE English language and maths - 18 February 2021\n\n- all other GCSEs - 18 March 2021\n\nCheck with your exam board to find out the deadline for other qualifications.\n\n## Appeal against a review\n\nIf you asked for an exam result to be reviewed and you\u2019re not happy with the decision, you can appeal to Ofqual.\n\nAsk the exams officer, headteacher or principal at your school or college to make an appeal. You cannot make an appeal yourself unless you\u2019re a private candidate, for example you were home schooled.\n\nYou need to appeal within 21 days of getting the result of a review.\n\nRead more about making appeals to Ofqual.\n\n## What happens next\n\nOfqual will tell you if your review is going ahead and will keep you updated.\n\nIf your review is rejected, Ofqual will tell you why.\n\n## If you cannot apply online\n\nContact Ofqual if you cannot apply online or have any questions about the appeal process.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can challenge the results of an exam or qualification if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    GCSEs, AS levels or A levels

    ", + "

    You can ask your school or college to get an exam result looked at again - this is called requesting a review.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not satisfied with the outcome, your school or college can make an appeal to Ofqual.

    ", + "

    Other qualifications

    ", + "

    Ask your school or college to appeal to the awarding organisation about the results for any other qualification, for example a BTEC or an NVQ.

    ", + "

    You can appeal directly to the awarding organisation if you\u2019re a private student, for example, if you are home schooled or are a mature student.

    ", + "

    The awarding organisation will send you a final report after they\u2019ve reviewed the result.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not happy with the outcome of the appeal, you can contact Ofqual to make a complaint.

    ", + "

    Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Find out more about the appeals process in:

    ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Request a review

    ", + "

    You can challenge the result of a GCSE, AS level or A level exam.

    ", + "

    You can also challenge the result of another qualification.

    ", + "

    Who can request a GCSE, AS level or A level review

    ", + "

    You can ask your school or college to get an exam result looked at again (known as \u2018requesting a review\u2019). You cannot request a review yourself unless you\u2019re a private candidate, for example you were home schooled.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The mark will be changed if the reviewer thinks it\u2019s wrong. The new mark may be higher or lower than the original.

    ", + "

    You can ask your school or college\u2019s exams officer for more information about their internal appeals procedure and their policy on reviews of marking and moderation.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against a review if you\u2019re unhappy with the decision.

    ", + "

    You or your school may have to pay if the mark is not changed.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    The deadlines for requesting a review are:

    ", + "
  • A levels - 4 February 2021
    • ", + "
  • GCSE English language and maths - 18 February 2021
    • ", + "
  • all other GCSEs - 18 March 2021
    • ", + "

    Check with your exam board to find out the deadline for other qualifications.

    ", + "

    Appeal against a review

    ", + "

    If you asked for an exam result to be reviewed and you\u2019re not happy with the decision, you can appeal to Ofqual.

    ", + "

    Ask the exams officer, headteacher or principal at your school or college to make an appeal. You cannot make an appeal yourself unless you\u2019re a private candidate, for example you were home schooled.

    ", + "

    You need to appeal within 21 days of getting the result of a review.

    ", + "

    Read more about making appeals to Ofqual.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Ofqual will tell you if your review is going ahead and will keep you updated.

    ", + "

    If your review is rejected, Ofqual will tell you why.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online

    ", + "

    Contact Ofqual if you cannot apply online or have any questions about the appeal process.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/support-military-bereaved-children": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-military-bereaved-children", + "title": "Scholarships for children whose parent died in service", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for help with the costs of further and higher education if all of the following are true:\n\n- one of your parents died as a result of their service in the armed forces\n\n- your parent died on or after 1 January 1990\n\n- you\u2019re 16 or over and in full-time education\n\n- you or a surviving parent receive bereavement benefits from the Armed Forces Compensation scheme, War Pension scheme or Armed Forces Attributable Benefits scheme\n\nYou cannot apply if you were the foster child of the person who died.\n\n## What you can use the scholarship for\n\nYou can use the money to pay tuition fees and your maintenance for:\n\n- a further education course of up to 3 years\n\n- your first undergraduate course at a UK university or other higher education institution (such as a college or art school) - this can include study abroad if it\u2019s part of the course\n\n- a higher level technical education course at qualification levels 4, 5 or 6\n\nIf you\u2019re unsure about the type of course ask the college or university you want to apply to.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIn the 2018 to 2019 academic year you can apply for up to:\n\n- \u00a31,500 for a further education course\n\n- \u00a39,250 for tuition fees and \u00a34,950 for a Maintenance Grant for a higher education or higher level technical education course\n\nIf you\u2019re studying in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales, you can apply for up to \u00a39,000 for tuition fees and \u00a34,950 for a Maintenance Grant.\n\n## How the payments are made\n\nPayments are made 3 times a year no later than:\n\n- 31 October\n\n- 31 January\n\n- 30 April\n\nYour college or university must have confirmed that you\u2019re registered for a course and attending before any payment is sent.\n\nPayments can be backdated in some circumstances, for example you become eligible for a scholarship and apply while studying.\n\nFurther education scholarships are paid to either you or your parent or guardian.\n\nUniversity and other higher education scholarships are paid directly to you.\n\nAll scholarships are tax free.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the bereavement scholarship scheme application.\n\nPost your application to the address on the form.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for a higher education scholarship (for example, an undergraduate degree from a UK university), also include:\n\n- a letter from the college or university confirming that you\u2019ve accepted their offer of a place\n\n- proof of the fees, for example a photocopy of your tuition fees invoice\n\n## Deadlines\n\nVeterans UK must receive your application by 31 January in the academic year of your further education or university course.\n\nYou can apply from 1 April in the academic year you\u2019ll begin studying.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Veterans UK Scheme Administrator will get in touch to confirm whether you\u2019re eligible for the scholarship you\u2019ve applied for.\n\nHow long it takes to find out if you\u2019re eligible depends on the evidence you provide with your application.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for a university or higher education scholarship\n\nRegister with the Student Loans Company to ensure you\u2019re charged UK student fees for your course.\n\n## Appeals\n\nIf you disagree with the decision you must appeal to Veterans UK in writing.\n\n## Help with your application\n\nContact the Veterans UK helpline if you have any questions about the scholarships, for example what you need to do to apply or how to fill out the application form.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for help with the costs of further and higher education if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • one of your parents died as a result of their service in the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • your parent died on or after 1 January 1990
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re 16 or over and in full-time education
    • ", + "
  • you or a surviving parent receive bereavement benefits from the Armed Forces Compensation scheme, War Pension scheme or Armed Forces Attributable Benefits scheme
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply if you were the foster child of the person who died.

    ", + "

    What you can use the scholarship for

    ", + "

    You can use the money to pay tuition fees and your maintenance for:

    ", + "
  • a further education course of up to 3 years
    • ", + "
  • your first undergraduate course at a UK university or other higher education institution (such as a college or art school) - this can include study abroad if it\u2019s part of the course
    • ", + "
  • a higher level technical education course at qualification levels 4, 5 or 6
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re unsure about the type of course ask the college or university you want to apply to.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    In the 2018 to 2019 academic year you can apply for up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,500 for a further education course
    • ", + "
  • \u00a39,250 for tuition fees and \u00a34,950 for a Maintenance Grant for a higher education or higher level technical education course
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales, you can apply for up to \u00a39,000 for tuition fees and \u00a34,950 for a Maintenance Grant.

    ", + "

    How the payments are made

    ", + "

    Payments are made 3 times a year no later than:

    ", + "
  • 31 October
    • ", + "
  • 31 January
    • ", + "
  • 30 April
    • ", + "

    Your college or university must have confirmed that you\u2019re registered for a course and attending before any payment is sent.

    ", + "

    Payments can be backdated in some circumstances, for example you become eligible for a scholarship and apply while studying.

    ", + "

    Further education scholarships are paid to either you or your parent or guardian.

    ", + "

    University and other higher education scholarships are paid directly to you.

    ", + "

    All scholarships are tax free.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the bereavement scholarship scheme application.

    ", + "

    Post your application to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for a higher education scholarship (for example, an undergraduate degree from a UK university), also include:

    ", + "
  • a letter from the college or university confirming that you\u2019ve accepted their offer of a place
    • ", + "
  • proof of the fees, for example a photocopy of your tuition fees invoice
    • ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    Veterans UK must receive your application by 31 January in the academic year of your further education or university course.

    ", + "

    You can apply from 1 April in the academic year you\u2019ll begin studying.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The Veterans UK Scheme Administrator will get in touch to confirm whether you\u2019re eligible for the scholarship you\u2019ve applied for.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to find out if you\u2019re eligible depends on the evidence you provide with your application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for a university or higher education scholarship

    ", + "

    Register with the Student Loans Company to ensure you\u2019re charged UK student fees for your course.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the decision you must appeal to Veterans UK in writing.

    ", + "

    Help with your application

    ", + "

    Contact the Veterans UK helpline if you have any questions about the scholarships, for example what you need to do to apply or how to fill out the application form.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/adult-dependants-grant": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adult-dependants-grant", + "title": "Adult Dependants' Grant", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re a full-time student in higher education and an adult depends on you financially, you can apply for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant of up to:\n\n- \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- \u00a33,094 for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nThe grant:\n\n- does not have to be paid back\n\n- is paid on top of your other student finance\n\nYou cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe maximum Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant is:\n\n- \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- \u00a33,094 for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nYou do not have to pay this money back.\n\nAdult Dependants\u2019 Grant will affect any income-related benefits and tax credits you might get.\n\n## What it\u2019s based on\n\nThe amount you get depends on:\n\n- your income\n\n- the adult dependant\u2019s income\n\n- your personal circumstances, for example if you\u2019re married or have children\n\n- what other grants you\u2019re receiving, for example Childcare Grant\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe money is paid in 3 instalments (one at the start of each term) directly into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nUsually the adult dependant will be:\n\n- your husband, wife, partner or civil partner\n\n- a relative, such as a parent or grandparent\n\nIf you\u2019re under 25, the adult dependant cannot be your partner unless you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible if the adult dependant is:\n\n- your child\n\n- a relative who earns more than \u00a33,796 a year\n\n- getting student finance\n\nYou cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Fill in the Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant section on your main student finance application - you\u2019ll need to give estimates of your household income.\n\n- Student Finance England will assess your application and contact you if they need more information.\n\n- Student Finance England will send you a letter telling you if you qualify and how much money you\u2019ll get.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nStudent Finance England may contact you and ask for further information on your financial circumstances. This can include a copy of:\n\n- your P60\n\n- Child Benefit details\n\n- family tax credits details\n\n- financial information from your partner, for example bank statements", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a full-time student in higher education and an adult depends on you financially, you can apply for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant of up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year
    • ", + "
  • \u00a33,094 for the 2020 to 2021 academic year
    • ", + "

    The grant:

    ", + "
  • does not have to be paid back
    • ", + "
  • is paid on top of your other student finance
    • ", + "

    You cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The maximum Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year
    • ", + "
  • \u00a33,094 for the 2020 to 2021 academic year
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay this money back.

    ", + "

    Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant will affect any income-related benefits and tax credits you might get.

    ", + "

    What it\u2019s based on

    ", + "

    The amount you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • your income
    • ", + "
  • the adult dependant\u2019s income
    • ", + "
  • your personal circumstances, for example if you\u2019re married or have children
    • ", + "
  • what other grants you\u2019re receiving, for example Childcare Grant
    • ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    The money is paid in 3 instalments (one at the start of each term) directly into your bank account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Usually the adult dependant will be:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, partner or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • a relative, such as a parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 25, the adult dependant cannot be your partner unless you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible if the adult dependant is:

    ", + "
  • your child
    • ", + "
  • a relative who earns more than \u00a33,796 a year
    • ", + "
  • getting student finance
    • ", + "

    You cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "
  • Fill in the Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant section on your main student finance application - you\u2019ll need to give estimates of your household income.
    • ", + "
  • Student Finance England will assess your application and contact you if they need more information.
    • ", + "
  • Student Finance England will send you a letter telling you if you qualify and how much money you\u2019ll get.
    • ", + "

    Supporting information

    ", + "

    Student Finance England may contact you and ask for further information on your financial circumstances. This can include a copy of:

    ", + "
  • your P60
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit details
    • ", + "
  • family tax credits details
    • ", + "
  • financial information from your partner, for example bank statements
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/doctoral-loan": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/doctoral-loan", + "title": "Doctoral Loan", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA Postgraduate Doctoral Loan can help with course fees and living costs while you study a postgraduate doctoral course, such as a PhD.\n\nThere\u2019s different funding if you normally live in Wales. Moving somewhere to study does not count as normally living there.\n\nYou can also get extra support if you have a disability.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## When you can apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to apply for funding for the 2021 to 2022 academic year from summer 2021. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.\n\n## When you repay your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a327,265 if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021\n\n- \u00a326,445 if your course starts between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021\n\n- \u00a325,700 if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get is not based on you or your family\u2019s income.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) may take account of the loan when working out any benefits you receive.\n\nThe loan is paid directly to you. You can use it for your course fees and living costs.\n\nThe loan will be divided equally across each year of your course.\n\n## If you apply after your first year\n\nYou can apply for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan in any year of your course. But if you apply after your first year, you might not get the maximum amount.\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a311,570 each year if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021\n\n- \u00a311,222 each year if your course started between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021\n\n- \u00a310,906 each year if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020\n\n## When you\u2019re paid\n\nYou get the first payment after your course start date, once your university or college confirms that you\u2019ve registered.\n\nThe loan will be paid in 3 instalments of 33%, 33% and 34% each year. After your application has been approved you\u2019ll be sent a letter with your payment dates or you can check them in your online account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify depends on:\n\n- your course\n\n- your age\n\n- your nationality or residency status\n\nYou will not be able to get a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if:\n\n- you\u2019ve received or will receive Research Council funding (for example, studentships, stipends, scholarships and tuition fee support)\n\n- you\u2019re already getting a social work bursary\n\n- you\u2019re already getting an Educational Psychology bursary and your course starts on or after 1 August 2020\n\n- you\u2019re eligible to apply for an NHS bursary (even if you\u2019re not receiving it)\n\n- you\u2019re already getting payments from Student Finance England for another course that you\u2019re studying\n\n- you\u2019ve received a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan before - unless you left your course due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason\n\n- you already have a doctoral degree, or a qualification that\u2019s equivalent or higher\n\n- you\u2019re receiving a doctorate by publication\n\n- you\u2019re behind in repayments for any previous loans from the Student Loans Company\n\n## Your course\n\nIt must:\n\n- be a full, standalone doctoral course (not a top-up course)\n\n- have started on or after 1 August 2018\n\n- last between 3 to 8 academic years\n\n- be provided by a university in the UK with research degree awarding powers\n\nIf more than one university delivers your course and one is overseas, you\u2019ll still be eligible for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan so long as:\n\n- the UK university is the lead institution\n\n- you spend at least 50% of your study time over the whole course in the UK\n\nIt can be:\n\n- full-time or part-time\n\n- taught or research-based, or a combination of both\n\nExamples of postgraduate doctoral qualifications include:\n\n- PhD / DPhil (Doctor of Philosophy)\n\n- EdD (Doctor of Education)\n\n- EngD (Doctor of Engineering)\n\n## Integrated doctorals\n\nYou can apply for a loan if your doctoral programme includes an integrated master\u2019s degree (even if you already have a master\u2019s degree).\n\nYou must register for a full doctoral degree.\n\nYou will not be able to apply for a separate Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan.\n\n## Distance learning\n\nTo qualify for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan for distance learning, you\u2019ll need to be living in England on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to live in:\n\n- England for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re an EU national\n\n- the UK for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re not an EU national\n\nThis usually does not apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- serving in the armed forces\n\n- a spouse or civil partner of a serving member of the armed forces\n\n- a dependent parent living with a serving member of the armed forces\n\n## Your age\n\nYou must be under 60 on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\nThe academic year is a period of 12 months starting on:\n\n- 1 September, if your course starts between 1 August and 31 December\n\n- 1 January, if your course starts between 1 January and 31 March\n\n- 1 April, if your course starts between 1 April and 30 June\n\n- 1 July, if your course starts between 1 July and 31 July\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nYou can apply for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re a UK or Irish national or have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or indefinite leave to remain so there are no restrictions on how long you can stay\n\n- you normally live in England\n\n- you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday\n\nYou may also be eligible if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who either:\n\n- returned to the UK on or after 1 January 2018 and by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- was living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein on 31 December 2020 and has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years\n\n## If you\u2019re an EU national or a family member of an EU national\n\nYou may be eligible if you\u2019re an EU national, or a family member of an EU national, and all the following apply:\n\n- you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme (no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- you\u2019ve normally lived in the UK, Gibraltar, EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years (this is also known as being \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ll be studying at a university in England\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re:\n\n- the child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- a migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, or a family member of one with settled or pre-settled status\n\n- a resident of Gibraltar who is a UK or EU national, or their family member\n\n## Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nYou need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.\n\n## If you have a different residency status\n\nYou may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:\n\n- refugee (including family members)\n\n- humanitarian protection (including family members)\n\n- child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- a stateless person (including family members)\n\n- an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment\n\n- a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain\n\n- a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ve been given settled status but not under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- you\u2019ve been given indefinite leave to remain because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner\n\n- you\u2019re the family member of a person of Northern Ireland and you have pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-UK national and have lived in the UK for a certain number of years\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:\n\n- under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years\n\n- 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\nYou must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply now for courses that start or started in the following academic years:\n\n- 2020 to 2021\n\n- 2019 to 2020\n\n- 2018 to 2019\n\nYou can apply in summer 2021 for courses that start in the academic year 2021 to 2022. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.\n\nCheck whether you\u2019re eligible before you apply.\n\nYou only need to apply once for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan. Student Finance England will write to you in the summer to tell you how much you\u2019ll get in the next academic year.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## Apply online\n\nIf you\u2019ve taken out a loan with Student Finance England before, use your account to apply.\n\nIf you do not already have one, set up an account.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIf you cannot apply online, apply by post \u2013 the address is on the form.\n\n## If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## If your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n## If your course started in the 2018\u00a0to 2019\u00a0academic year\n\nRead the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.\n\n## When to apply by\n\nThe deadline for applying depends on when you start your course.\n\nYou need to apply within 9 months of the first day of the last academic year of the course.\n\n## The academic year\n\nThe academic year is a period of 12 months.\n\n| Course start date between | First day of academic year |\n\n| 1 August and 31 December | 1 September |\n\n| 1 January and 31 March | 1 January |\n\n| 1 April and 30 June | 1 April |\n\n| 1 July and 31 July | 1 July |\n\n## Proof of identity\n\nInclude valid UK passport details in your application.\n\nUse the \u2018UK passport details\u2019 form if you need to send the details after your application. Do not send the passport itself.\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU national, send your passport or national identity card.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nYou should use the evidence return form for extra information to support your application, for example evidence of your residency status.\n\nYou may also be asked to complete the UK employment status form.\n\n## Change an application\n\nUse your online account to change your personal details, for example bank or contact details. Contact Student Finance England directly if you do not have an account.\n\n## Change the amount you\u2019ve asked for\n\nUse the loan request form to change the amount you\u2019ve applied for - you cannot do this online.\n\nIf your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:\n\nIf your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:\n\n## Other changes\n\nUse the change of circumstances form if you need to change any other details, for example your university or course. You cannot do this online.\n\nIf your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:\n\nIf your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:\n\n## Taking a break or withdrawing from your course\n\nTell Student Finance England and your institution straight away if you need to withdraw from your course. It may affect your future payments and eligibility for funding.\n\n## Extra help\n\nYou may qualify for other funding, for example grants from charities or trusts.\n\nStudent Finance England also has more information about other kinds of student finance.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## Disabled students\n\nIf you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (for example dyslexia) you can apply for:\n\n- Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\nYou may also qualify for disability related benefits.\n\n## Further information\n\nYou can learn more about the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan at the Student \nRoom website.\n\nContact Student Finance England if you have further questions.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A Postgraduate Doctoral Loan can help with course fees and living costs while you study a postgraduate doctoral course, such as a PhD.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s different funding if you normally live in Wales. Moving somewhere to study does not count as normally living there.

    ", + "

    You can also get extra support if you have a disability.

    ", + "

    You will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.

    ", + "

    When you can apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to apply for funding for the 2021 to 2022 academic year from summer 2021. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.

    ", + "

    When you repay your loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You can get up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a327,265 if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a326,445 if your course starts between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a325,700 if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020
    • ", + "

    The amount you\u2019ll get is not based on you or your family\u2019s income.

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) may take account of the loan when working out any benefits you receive.

    ", + "

    The loan is paid directly to you. You can use it for your course fees and living costs.

    ", + "

    The loan will be divided equally across each year of your course.

    ", + "

    If you apply after your first year

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan in any year of your course. But if you apply after your first year, you might not get the maximum amount.

    ", + "

    You can get up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a311,570 each year if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a311,222 each year if your course started between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a310,906 each year if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    You get the first payment after your course start date, once your university or college confirms that you\u2019ve registered.

    ", + "

    The loan will be paid in 3 instalments of 33%, 33% and 34% each year. After your application has been approved you\u2019ll be sent a letter with your payment dates or you can check them in your online account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Whether you qualify depends on:

    ", + "
  • your course
    • ", + "
  • your age
    • ", + "
  • your nationality or residency status
    • ", + "

    You will not be able to get a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve received or will receive Research Council funding (for example, studentships, stipends, scholarships and tuition fee support)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re already getting a social work bursary
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re already getting an Educational Psychology bursary and your course starts on or after 1 August 2020
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re eligible to apply for an NHS bursary (even if you\u2019re not receiving it)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re already getting payments from Student Finance England for another course that you\u2019re studying
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve received a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan before - unless you left your course due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason
    • ", + "
  • you already have a doctoral degree, or a qualification that\u2019s equivalent or higher
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re receiving a doctorate by publication
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re behind in repayments for any previous loans from the Student Loans Company
    • ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    It must:

    ", + "
  • be a full, standalone doctoral course (not a top-up course)
    • ", + "
  • have started on or after 1 August 2018
    • ", + "
  • last between 3 to 8 academic years
    • ", + "
  • be provided by a university in the UK with research degree awarding powers
    • ", + "

    If more than one university delivers your course and one is overseas, you\u2019ll still be eligible for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan so long as:

    ", + "
  • the UK university is the lead institution
    • ", + "
  • you spend at least 50% of your study time over the whole course in the UK
    • ", + "

    It can be:

    ", + "
  • full-time or part-time
    • ", + "
  • taught or research-based, or a combination of both
    • ", + "

    Examples of postgraduate doctoral qualifications include:

    ", + "
  • PhD / DPhil (Doctor of Philosophy)
    • ", + "
  • EdD (Doctor of Education)
    • ", + "
  • EngD (Doctor of Engineering)
    • ", + "

    Integrated doctorals

    ", + "

    You can apply for a loan if your doctoral programme includes an integrated master\u2019s degree (even if you already have a master\u2019s degree).

    ", + "

    You must register for a full doctoral degree.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to apply for a separate Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan.

    ", + "

    Distance learning

    ", + "

    To qualify for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan for distance learning, you\u2019ll need to be living in England on the first day of the first academic year of your course.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to live in:

    ", + "
  • England for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re an EU national
    • ", + "
  • the UK for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re not an EU national
    • ", + "

    This usually does not apply if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • serving in the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • a spouse or civil partner of a serving member of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • a dependent parent living with a serving member of the armed forces
    • ", + "

    Your age

    ", + "

    You must be under 60 on the first day of the first academic year of your course.

    ", + "

    The academic year is a period of 12 months starting on:

    ", + "
  • 1 September, if your course starts between 1 August and 31 December
    • ", + "
  • 1 January, if your course starts between 1 January and 31 March
    • ", + "
  • 1 April, if your course starts between 1 April and 30 June
    • ", + "
  • 1 July, if your course starts between 1 July and 31 July
    • ", + "

    Your nationality or residency status

    ", + "

    You can apply for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK or Irish national or have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or indefinite leave to remain so there are no restrictions on how long you can stay
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in England
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday
    • ", + "

    You may also be eligible if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who either:

    ", + "
  • returned to the UK on or after 1 January 2018 and by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • was living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein on 31 December 2020 and has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU national or a family member of an EU national

    ", + "

    You may be eligible if you\u2019re an EU national, or a family member of an EU national, and all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme (no restrictions on how long you can stay)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve normally lived in the UK, Gibraltar, EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years (this is also known as being \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be studying at a university in England
    • ", + "

    You could also be eligible if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • the child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • a migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, or a family member of one with settled or pre-settled status
    • ", + "
  • a resident of Gibraltar who is a UK or EU national, or their family member
    • ", + "

    Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.

    ", + "

    You need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.

    ", + "

    If you have a different residency status

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:

    ", + "
  • refugee (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • humanitarian protection (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • a stateless person (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment
    • ", + "
  • a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain
    • ", + "
  • a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given settled status but not under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given indefinite leave to remain because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the family member of a person of Northern Ireland and you have pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a non-UK national and have lived in the UK for a certain number of years

    ", + "

    You could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:

    ", + "
  • under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years
    • ", + "
  • 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)
    • ", + "

    You must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply now for courses that start or started in the following academic years:

    ", + "
  • 2020 to 2021
    • ", + "
  • 2019 to 2020
    • ", + "
  • 2018 to 2019
    • ", + "

    You can apply in summer 2021 for courses that start in the academic year 2021 to 2022. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.

    ", + "

    Check whether you\u2019re eligible before you apply.

    ", + "

    You only need to apply once for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan. Student Finance England will write to you in the summer to tell you how much you\u2019ll get in the next academic year.

    ", + "

    You will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve taken out a loan with Student Finance England before, use your account to apply.

    ", + "

    If you do not already have one, set up an account.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online, apply by post \u2013 the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year

    ", + "

    If your course started in the 2018\u00a0to 2019\u00a0academic year

    ", + "

    Read the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.

    ", + "

    When to apply by

    ", + "

    The deadline for applying depends on when you start your course.

    ", + "

    You need to apply within 9 months of the first day of the last academic year of the course.

    ", + "

    The academic year

    ", + "

    The academic year is a period of 12 months.

    ", + "Course start date between | First day of academic year", + "1 August and 31 December | 1 September", + "1 January and 31 March | 1 January", + "1 April and 30 June | 1 April", + "1 July and 31 July | 1 July", + "

    Proof of identity

    ", + "

    Include valid UK passport details in your application.

    ", + "

    Use the \u2018UK passport details\u2019 form if you need to send the details after your application. Do not send the passport itself.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    Include your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU national, send your passport or national identity card.

    ", + "

    Supporting information

    ", + "

    You should use the evidence return form for extra information to support your application, for example evidence of your residency status.

    ", + "

    You may also be asked to complete the UK employment status form.

    ", + "

    Change an application

    ", + "

    Use your online account to change your personal details, for example bank or contact details. Contact Student Finance England directly if you do not have an account.

    ", + "

    Change the amount you\u2019ve asked for

    ", + "

    Use the loan request form to change the amount you\u2019ve applied for - you cannot do this online.

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:

    ", + "

    Other changes

    ", + "

    Use the change of circumstances form if you need to change any other details, for example your university or course. You cannot do this online.

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:

    ", + "

    Taking a break or withdrawing from your course

    ", + "

    Tell Student Finance England and your institution straight away if you need to withdraw from your course. It may affect your future payments and eligibility for funding.

    ", + "

    Extra help

    ", + "

    You may qualify for other funding, for example grants from charities or trusts.

    ", + "

    Student Finance England also has more information about other kinds of student finance.

    ", + "

    You will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.

    ", + "

    Disabled students

    ", + "

    If you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (for example dyslexia) you can apply for:

    ", + "
  • Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance
    • ", + "
  • extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship
    • ", + "

    You may also qualify for disability related benefits.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    You can learn more about the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan at the Student \nRoom website.

    ", + "

    Contact Student Finance England if you have further questions.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/masters-loan": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/masters-loan", + "title": "Master's Loan", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan can help with course fees and living costs while you study a postgraduate master\u2019s course.\n\nFunding for postgraduate loans is different if:\n\n- you normally live in Scotland\n\n- you normally live in Wales\n\n- you normally live in Northern Ireland.\n\nMoving somewhere to study does not count as normally living there.\n\nYou can also get extra support if you have a disability.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance England if you\u2019re studying a master\u2019s course.\n\n## When you can apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to apply for funding for the 2021 to 2022 academic year from summer 2021. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.\n\n## When you repay your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a311,570 if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021\n\n- \u00a311,222 if your course started between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021\n\n- \u00a310,906 if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get is not based on your income or your family\u2019s.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) may take account of the loan when working out any benefits you receive.\n\nThe loan is paid directly to you. You can use it for your course fees and living costs.\n\nIf your course lasts for more than a year, the loan will be divided equally across each year of your course.\n\n## When you\u2019re paid\n\nYou get the first payment after your course start date, once your university or college confirms that you\u2019ve registered.\n\nThe loan will be paid in 3 instalments of 33%, 33% and 34% each year. After your application has been approved, you\u2019ll be sent a letter with your payment dates. You can also check them in your online account.\n\n## If you change university or college\n\nYour new university or college has to confirm the change with Student Finance England before you receive any more payments.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify depends on:\n\n- your course\n\n- your age\n\n- your nationality or residency status\n\nYou will not be able to get a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if:\n\n- you\u2019re already getting payments from Student Finance England for another course that you\u2019re studying\n\n- you\u2019ve received a loan or grant for a master\u2019s course before - unless you got a Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance or you left your course for a serious personal reason like illness or bereavement\n\n- you already have a master\u2019s degree, or a qualification that\u2019s equivalent or higher\n\n- you\u2019re behind in repayments for any previous loans from the Student Loans Company\n\nYou\u2019ll still be eligible if you have a PGCE or a postgraduate diploma or certificate.\n\nYou will not get extra money if you repeat a year of your course.\n\n## Your course\n\nIt must:\n\n- be a full, standalone master\u2019s course (not a top-up course)\n\n- be worth at least 180 credits - check the course provider\u2019s website if you\u2019re not sure\n\n- have started on or after 1 August 2016\n\nYour course must be provided by an eligible university or college in the UK (including the Open University). Check with the university or college that your course is registered.\n\nYour course can be taught or research-based.\n\nIt can be:\n\n- full-time, lasting 1 or 2 academic years\n\n- part-time, lasting 2 to 4 academic years - no more than twice the length of the equivalent full-time course\n\n- part-time for up to 3 years, where no equivalent full-time course exists\n\nExamples of postgraduate master\u2019s qualifications include:\n\n- MSc (master of science)\n\n- MA (master of arts)\n\n- MPhil (master of philosophy)\n\n- MRes (master of research)\n\n- LLM (master of law)\n\n- MLitt (master of letters)\n\n- MFA (master of fine art)\n\n- MEd (master of education)\n\n- MBA (master of business administration)\n\nYou cannot get a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan for a postgraduate certificate or diploma.\n\n## Distance learning\n\nTo qualify for a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan for distance learning, you\u2019ll need to be living in England on the first day of the first academic year of your course. You\u2019ll also need to live in:\n\n- England for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re an EU national\n\n- the UK for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re not an EU national\n\nThis usually does not apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- serving in the armed forces\n\n- a spouse or civil partner of a serving member of the armed forces\n\n- a dependent parent living with a serving member of the armed forces\n\n## Integrated courses\n\nYou will not be eligible for a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if your course is:\n\n- integrated with an undergraduate degree - apply for undergraduate funding instead\n\n- integrated with a doctoral degree - apply for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan instead\n\n## Intercalated year\n\nYou might be eligible for a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if you\u2019re taking a year out of an undergraduate course to study for a master\u2019s.\n\nThis will generally mean you\u2019re not entitled to undergraduate funding anymore because you\u2019ll hold a higher level qualification.\n\nYou are still eligible for undergraduate funding if your course leads to a qualification in:\n\n- architecture\n\n- dentistry\n\n- medicine\n\n- social work\n\n- undergraduate Initial Teacher Training\n\n- veterinary science\n\n## Master of architecture\n\nIf you plan to study for a master of architecture (MArch Part 2) qualification full-time, apply for undergraduate funding support. Your course must be accredited by the Architects Registration Board (ARB) to be eligible.\n\nYou can only apply for the Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan to support your MArch course if one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re taking a part-time course\n\n- you\u2019re not eligible for undergraduate funding support\n\n- the course does not lead to an accredited qualification as an architect\n\n## Healthcare and social work\n\nYou cannot get a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if you:\n\n- are eligible for an NHS bursary\n\n- get a Social Work Bursary - unless you only get a Placement Travel Allowance\n\nThis also applies for health and social work bursaries in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\nYou also cannot get a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if you\u2019re starting a postgraduate pre-registration healthcare course on or after 1 August 2018. You may be eligible for a Tuition Fee Loan and Maintenance Loan instead.\n\n## Your age\n\nYou must be under 60 on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\nThe academic year is a period of 12 months starting on:\n\n- 1 September, if your course starts between 1 August and 31 December\n\n- 1 January, if your course starts between 1 January and 31 March\n\n- 1 April, if your course starts between 1 April and 30 June\n\n- 1 July, if your course starts between 1 July and 31 July\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nYou can apply for the Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re a UK or Irish national or have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or indefinite leave to remain so there are no restrictions on how long you can stay\n\n- you normally live in England\n\n- you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday\n\nYou may also be eligible if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who either:\n\n- returned to the UK on or after 1 January 2018 and by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- was living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein on 31 December 2020 and has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years\n\n## If you\u2019re an EU national or a family member of an EU national\n\nYou may be eligible if you\u2019re an EU national, or a family member of an EU national, and all the following apply:\n\n- you have settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- you\u2019ve normally lived in the UK, Gibraltar, EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years (this is also known as being \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ll be studying at a university or college in England\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re:\n\n- the child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- a migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein with pre-settled status, or a family member of a migrant worker where both have pre-settled status\n\n- a resident of Gibraltar who is a UK or EU national, or their family member\n\n## Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nYou need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to, for example, to apply on behalf of a child.\n\n## If you have a different residency status\n\nYou may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:\n\n- refugee (including family members)\n\n- humanitarian protection (including family members)\n\n- child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- a stateless person (including family members)\n\n- an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment\n\n- a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain\n\n- a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ve been given settled status but not under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- you\u2019ve been given indefinite leave to remain because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner\n\n- you\u2019re the family member of a person of Northern Ireland and you have pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-UK national and have lived in the UK for a certain number of years\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:\n\n- under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years\n\n- 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\nYou must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply now for courses that start or started in the following academic years:\n\n- 2020 to 2021\n\n- 2019 to 2020\n\n- 2018 to 2019\n\nYou can apply in summer 2021 for courses that start in the academic year 2021 to 2022. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.\n\nCheck whether you\u2019re eligible before you apply.\n\nYou only need to apply once for the Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan, even if your course is longer than one year. Student Finance England will write to you in the summer to tell you how much you\u2019ll get in the next academic year.\n\nYou\u2019ll not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance England if you\u2019re studying a master\u2019s course.\n\n## Apply online\n\nIf you\u2019ve taken out a loan with Student Finance England before, use your account to apply.\n\nIf you do not already have one, set up an account.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIf you cannot apply online, apply by post - the address is on the form.\n\nRead the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.\n\n## Courses that start in the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## Courses that started in the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n## Courses that started before 1 August 2019\n\nContact Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan Team if you cannot apply online.\n\n## When to apply by\n\nThe deadline for applying depends on when you start your course.\n\n## If you started on or after 1 August 2017\n\nYou need to apply within 9 months of the first day of the last academic year of the course.\n\n## The academic year\n\nThe academic year is a period of 12 months.\n\nThe first day of your academic year depends when your course starts.\n\n| Course start date between | First day of academic year |\n\n| 1 August and 31 December | 1 September |\n\n| 1 January and 31 March | 1 January |\n\n| 1 April and 30 June | 1 April |\n\n| 1 July and 31 July | 1 July |\n\n## Proof of identity\n\nInclude valid UK passport details in your application. Use the \u2018UK passport details\u2019 form if you need to send the details after your application. Do not send the passport itself.\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU national, send your passport or national identity card.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nYou should use the evidence return form for extra information to support your application, for example evidence of your residency status.\n\nYou may also be asked to complete the UK employment status form.\n\n## Change an application\n\nUse your online account to change your personal details, for example bank or contact details. Contact Student Finance England directly if you do not have an account.\n\n## Change the amount you\u2019ve asked for\n\nUse the loan request form to change the amount you\u2019ve applied for - you cannot do this online.\n\nIf your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:\n\nIf your course started in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:\n\nIf your course started before the 2018 to 2019 academic year, contact Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan Team.\n\n## Other changes\n\nUse the change of circumstances form if you need to change any other details, for example your university or course. You cannot do this online.\n\nIf your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:\n\nIf your course started in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:\n\nIf your course started before the 2018 to 2019 academic year, contact Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan Team.\n\n## Taking a break or withdrawing from your course\n\nTell Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan Team and your institution straight away if you need to withdraw from your course. It may affect your future payments and eligibility for funding.\n\n## Extra help\n\nYou may qualify for other funding, for example grants from charities or trusts.\n\nStudent Finance England also has more information about other kinds of student finance.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance England if you\u2019re studying a master\u2019s course.\n\n## Disabled students\n\nIf you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (for example dyslexia) you can apply for:\n\n- Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\nYou may also qualify for disability related benefits.\n\n## Further information\n\nYou can learn more about the Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan on the Student Room website.\n\nContact Student Finance England if you have further questions.\n\n## Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan team", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan can help with course fees and living costs while you study a postgraduate master\u2019s course.

    ", + "

    Funding for postgraduate loans is different if:

    ", + "
  • you normally live in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in Wales
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in Northern Ireland.
    • ", + "

    Moving somewhere to study does not count as normally living there.

    ", + "

    You can also get extra support if you have a disability.

    ", + "

    You will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance England if you\u2019re studying a master\u2019s course.

    ", + "

    When you can apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to apply for funding for the 2021 to 2022 academic year from summer 2021. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.

    ", + "

    When you repay your loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You can get up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a311,570 if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a311,222 if your course started between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a310,906 if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020
    • ", + "

    The amount you\u2019ll get is not based on your income or your family\u2019s.

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) may take account of the loan when working out any benefits you receive.

    ", + "

    The loan is paid directly to you. You can use it for your course fees and living costs.

    ", + "

    If your course lasts for more than a year, the loan will be divided equally across each year of your course.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    You get the first payment after your course start date, once your university or college confirms that you\u2019ve registered.

    ", + "

    The loan will be paid in 3 instalments of 33%, 33% and 34% each year. After your application has been approved, you\u2019ll be sent a letter with your payment dates. You can also check them in your online account.

    ", + "

    If you change university or college

    ", + "

    Your new university or college has to confirm the change with Student Finance England before you receive any more payments.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Whether you qualify depends on:

    ", + "
  • your course
    • ", + "
  • your age
    • ", + "
  • your nationality or residency status
    • ", + "

    You will not be able to get a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re already getting payments from Student Finance England for another course that you\u2019re studying
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve received a loan or grant for a master\u2019s course before - unless you got a Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance or you left your course for a serious personal reason like illness or bereavement
    • ", + "
  • you already have a master\u2019s degree, or a qualification that\u2019s equivalent or higher
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re behind in repayments for any previous loans from the Student Loans Company
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be eligible if you have a PGCE or a postgraduate diploma or certificate.

    ", + "

    You will not get extra money if you repeat a year of your course.

    ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    It must:

    ", + "
  • be a full, standalone master\u2019s course (not a top-up course)
    • ", + "
  • be worth at least 180 credits - check the course provider\u2019s website if you\u2019re not sure
    • ", + "
  • have started on or after 1 August 2016
    • ", + "

    Your course must be provided by an eligible university or college in the UK (including the Open University). Check with the university or college that your course is registered.

    ", + "

    Your course can be taught or research-based.

    ", + "

    It can be:

    ", + "
  • full-time, lasting 1 or 2 academic years
    • ", + "
  • part-time, lasting 2 to 4 academic years - no more than twice the length of the equivalent full-time course
    • ", + "
  • part-time for up to 3 years, where no equivalent full-time course exists
    • ", + "

    Examples of postgraduate master\u2019s qualifications include:

    ", + "
  • MSc (master of science)
    • ", + "
  • MA (master of arts)
    • ", + "
  • MPhil (master of philosophy)
    • ", + "
  • MRes (master of research)
    • ", + "
  • LLM (master of law)
    • ", + "
  • MLitt (master of letters)
    • ", + "
  • MFA (master of fine art)
    • ", + "
  • MEd (master of education)
    • ", + "
  • MBA (master of business administration)
    • ", + "

    You cannot get a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan for a postgraduate certificate or diploma.

    ", + "

    Distance learning

    ", + "

    To qualify for a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan for distance learning, you\u2019ll need to be living in England on the first day of the first academic year of your course. You\u2019ll also need to live in:

    ", + "
  • England for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re an EU national
    • ", + "
  • the UK for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re not an EU national
    • ", + "

    This usually does not apply if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • serving in the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • a spouse or civil partner of a serving member of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • a dependent parent living with a serving member of the armed forces
    • ", + "

    Integrated courses

    ", + "

    You will not be eligible for a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if your course is:

    ", + "
  • integrated with an undergraduate degree - apply for undergraduate funding instead
    • ", + "
  • integrated with a doctoral degree - apply for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan instead
    • ", + "

    Intercalated year

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if you\u2019re taking a year out of an undergraduate course to study for a master\u2019s.

    ", + "

    This will generally mean you\u2019re not entitled to undergraduate funding anymore because you\u2019ll hold a higher level qualification.

    ", + "

    You are still eligible for undergraduate funding if your course leads to a qualification in:

    ", + "
  • architecture
    • ", + "
  • dentistry
    • ", + "
  • medicine
    • ", + "
  • social work
    • ", + "
  • undergraduate Initial Teacher Training
    • ", + "
  • veterinary science
    • ", + "

    Master of architecture

    ", + "

    If you plan to study for a master of architecture (MArch Part 2) qualification full-time, apply for undergraduate funding support. Your course must be accredited by the Architects Registration Board (ARB) to be eligible.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for the Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan to support your MArch course if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re taking a part-time course
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not eligible for undergraduate funding support
    • ", + "
  • the course does not lead to an accredited qualification as an architect
    • ", + "

    Healthcare and social work

    ", + "

    You cannot get a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if you:

    ", + "
  • are eligible for an NHS bursary
    • ", + "
  • get a Social Work Bursary - unless you only get a Placement Travel Allowance
    • ", + "

    This also applies for health and social work bursaries in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You also cannot get a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if you\u2019re starting a postgraduate pre-registration healthcare course on or after 1 August 2018. You may be eligible for a Tuition Fee Loan and Maintenance Loan instead.

    ", + "

    Your age

    ", + "

    You must be under 60 on the first day of the first academic year of your course.

    ", + "

    The academic year is a period of 12 months starting on:

    ", + "
  • 1 September, if your course starts between 1 August and 31 December
    • ", + "
  • 1 January, if your course starts between 1 January and 31 March
    • ", + "
  • 1 April, if your course starts between 1 April and 30 June
    • ", + "
  • 1 July, if your course starts between 1 July and 31 July
    • ", + "

    Your nationality or residency status

    ", + "

    You can apply for the Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK or Irish national or have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or indefinite leave to remain so there are no restrictions on how long you can stay
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in England
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday
    • ", + "

    You may also be eligible if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who either:

    ", + "
  • returned to the UK on or after 1 January 2018 and by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • was living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein on 31 December 2020 and has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU national or a family member of an EU national

    ", + "

    You may be eligible if you\u2019re an EU national, or a family member of an EU national, and all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve normally lived in the UK, Gibraltar, EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years (this is also known as being \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be studying at a university or college in England
    • ", + "

    You could also be eligible if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • the child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • a migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein with pre-settled status, or a family member of a migrant worker where both have pre-settled status
    • ", + "
  • a resident of Gibraltar who is a UK or EU national, or their family member
    • ", + "

    Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.

    ", + "

    You need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to, for example, to apply on behalf of a child.

    ", + "

    If you have a different residency status

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:

    ", + "
  • refugee (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • humanitarian protection (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • a stateless person (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment
    • ", + "
  • a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain
    • ", + "
  • a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given settled status but not under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given indefinite leave to remain because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the family member of a person of Northern Ireland and you have pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a non-UK national and have lived in the UK for a certain number of years

    ", + "

    You could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:

    ", + "
  • under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years
    • ", + "
  • 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)
    • ", + "

    You must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply now for courses that start or started in the following academic years:

    ", + "
  • 2020 to 2021
    • ", + "
  • 2019 to 2020
    • ", + "
  • 2018 to 2019
    • ", + "

    You can apply in summer 2021 for courses that start in the academic year 2021 to 2022. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.

    ", + "

    Check whether you\u2019re eligible before you apply.

    ", + "

    You only need to apply once for the Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan, even if your course is longer than one year. Student Finance England will write to you in the summer to tell you how much you\u2019ll get in the next academic year.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance England if you\u2019re studying a master\u2019s course.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve taken out a loan with Student Finance England before, use your account to apply.

    ", + "

    If you do not already have one, set up an account.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online, apply by post - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Read the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.

    ", + "

    Courses that start in the 2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    Courses that started in the 2019 to 2020 academic year

    ", + "

    Courses that started before 1 August 2019

    ", + "

    Contact Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan Team if you cannot apply online.

    ", + "

    When to apply by

    ", + "

    The deadline for applying depends on when you start your course.

    ", + "

    If you started on or after 1 August 2017

    ", + "

    You need to apply within 9 months of the first day of the last academic year of the course.

    ", + "

    The academic year

    ", + "

    The academic year is a period of 12 months.

    ", + "

    The first day of your academic year depends when your course starts.

    ", + "Course start date between | First day of academic year", + "1 August and 31 December | 1 September", + "1 January and 31 March | 1 January", + "1 April and 30 June | 1 April", + "1 July and 31 July | 1 July", + "

    Proof of identity

    ", + "

    Include valid UK passport details in your application. Use the \u2018UK passport details\u2019 form if you need to send the details after your application. Do not send the passport itself.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    Include your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU national, send your passport or national identity card.

    ", + "

    Supporting information

    ", + "

    You should use the evidence return form for extra information to support your application, for example evidence of your residency status.

    ", + "

    You may also be asked to complete the UK employment status form.

    ", + "

    Change an application

    ", + "

    Use your online account to change your personal details, for example bank or contact details. Contact Student Finance England directly if you do not have an account.

    ", + "

    Change the amount you\u2019ve asked for

    ", + "

    Use the loan request form to change the amount you\u2019ve applied for - you cannot do this online.

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:

    ", + "

    If your course started in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:

    ", + "

    If your course started before the 2018 to 2019 academic year, contact Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan Team.

    ", + "

    Other changes

    ", + "

    Use the change of circumstances form if you need to change any other details, for example your university or course. You cannot do this online.

    ", + "

    If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:

    ", + "

    If your course started in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:

    ", + "

    If your course started before the 2018 to 2019 academic year, contact Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan Team.

    ", + "

    Taking a break or withdrawing from your course

    ", + "

    Tell Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan Team and your institution straight away if you need to withdraw from your course. It may affect your future payments and eligibility for funding.

    ", + "

    Extra help

    ", + "

    You may qualify for other funding, for example grants from charities or trusts.

    ", + "

    Student Finance England also has more information about other kinds of student finance.

    ", + "

    You will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance England if you\u2019re studying a master\u2019s course.

    ", + "

    Disabled students

    ", + "

    If you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (for example dyslexia) you can apply for:

    ", + "
  • Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance
    • ", + "
  • extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship
    • ", + "

    You may also qualify for disability related benefits.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    You can learn more about the Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan on the Student Room website.

    ", + "

    Contact Student Finance England if you have further questions.

    ", + "

    Student Finance England Postgraduate Loan team

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/nhs-bursaries": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/nhs-bursaries", + "title": "NHS bursaries", + "content": "## Overview\n\nWhat you can apply for depends on when your course starts and what you\u2019re studying. You do not have to pay your NHS bursary back.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for a bursary you may still be eligible for student finance.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor or dentist.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying a pre-registration postgraduate healthcare course, you may still be eligible for student finance.\n\n## If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor, dentist, dental hygienist or dental therapist.\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2017\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying a dental, medical or healthcare course in England.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:\n\n- a bursary from the NHS\n\n- a \u00a31,000 grant from the NHS\n\n- a reduced Maintenance Loan from Student Finance England\n\nIf you\u2019re an eligible part-time student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:\n\n- a reduced bursary from the NHS\n\n- a reduced grant from the NHS\n\nThe amount you get depends on the length of your course.\n\n## Tuition fees\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for an NHS bursary, the NHS pays your standard tuition fees. Your course tuition fees are paid directly to your university.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying a graduate-entry accelerated medical or dental programme, you can get some of your tuition costs paid with an NHS bursary in years 2 to 4 of your programme.\n\n- \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n- \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2018 to 2019 academic year\n\n## Bursary\n\nYour bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.\n\nIf you started a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE) Nursing or Operating Department Practitioner course before 1 September 2012, you\u2019ll receive a basic bursary which does not depend on your household income.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying to become a doctor or dentist, you can apply for an NHS bursary from your second year for graduate entry programmes or from your fifth year for undergraduate programmes.\n\n## Grant\n\nYou\u2019ll get a fixed amount of \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting your course on or after 1 September 2012. You\u2019ll get a reduced amount if you\u2019re a part-time student.\n\nYou must apply for an NHS bursary to get the grant.\n\n## Maintenance Loan\n\nYou\u2019ll get a reduced Maintenance Loan. The amount you get depends on:\n\n- where you live and study\n\n- whether you\u2019re in the final year of your course (when you get less)\n\nCurrent rates for the 2018 to 2019 academic year are:\n\n- \u00a33,263 for students studying in London and living away from home\n\n- \u00a32,324 for students studying outside London and away from home\n\n- \u00a31,744 for students living at home\n\nCurrent rates for the 2019 to 2020 academic year are:\n\n- \u00a33,354 for students studying in London and living away from home\n\n- \u00a32,389 for students studying outside London and away from home\n\n- \u00a31,793 for students living at home\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nThe NHS bursary is paid into your bank account in 12 equal monthly instalments.\n\nThe Maintenance Loan is usually paid into your bank account at the beginning of each term.\n\n## If you\u2019re disabled or have children\n\nYou may get extra help if you:\n\n- have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty\n\n- have dependants\n\nFind out what extra help you could get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you can get an NHS bursary depends on:\n\n- where you live\n\n- your course\n\n- your household income\n\n- whether you\u2019ve already had funding\n\n## Where you live\n\nTo be eligible to apply for an NHS bursary you must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 years up to the start of the academic year.\n\nYou may still be eligible if you do not meet the residency requirements - find out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\n## Your course\n\nWhether you\u2019re eligible depends on when your course starts.\n\nYou will not get an NHS bursary if you\u2019re a first level nurse or midwife and you\u2019re registering for a second field in nursing or midwifery.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a doctor or dentist.\n\nYou can apply for an NHS bursary from your 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course.\n\n## If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:\n\n- doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)\n\n- dental hygienist or dental therapist\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2017\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:\n\n- doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)\n\n- chiropodist (including podiatrist), dietician, occupational therapist, orthoptist, physiotherapist, prosthetist, orthotist, radiographer, radiotherapist, audiologist or a speech and language therapist\n\n- dental hygienist or dental therapist\n\n- nurse, midwife or operating department practitioner (degree or diploma course)\n\n## Household income\n\nYour total bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be either your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already had funding\n\nYou may be eligible for an NHS bursary even if you\u2019ve already had public funding for higher education.\n\nIf you\u2019ve had an NHS bursary and want to change professions, you may also be eligible.\n\nFind out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to create a Bursary Online Support System (BOSS) account on the NHS Student Bursaries website to apply for an NHS bursary.\n\nYou must reapply for your bursary every academic year.\n\nThere are different ways to apply if you\u2019re from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## New students\n\nIf you\u2019re entering the first year of your NHS-funded course or, for medical and dental students, your first year of NHS bursary funding, read the guidance for new students.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should wait until you have an offer of a course place from your university or college before you apply for an NHS bursary.\n\nThe date you can apply from usually depends on when your course starts. Check the NHS Student Bursaries website for the latest application dates.\n\n## Documents\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for an NHS bursary for the first time you must provide 2 documents to confirm your identity, one of which must include a photograph of yourself, for example a birth certificate and a valid passport.\n\nYou must send original documents (not photocopies), which NHS Student Bursaries will return to you.\n\n## Continuing students\n\nIf you\u2019ve already had an NHS student bursary for your current course and you\u2019re reapplying for another year, read the guidance for continuing students.\n\n## When to apply\n\nNHS Student Bursaries will send you an email invitation when you can reapply for your bursary. The date your invitation is sent depends on when your next academic year begins. Check the NHS Student Busaries website for the latest invitation dates.\n\nYou must send your application within 6 months of the first day of your academic year.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf your application is approved, NHS Student Bursaries will send you an email when your bursary is available for you to view in your BOSS account.\n\nIf you get an NHS bursary you can apply separately for a reduced rate loan from Student Finance England.\n\n## Contact NHS Student Bursaries\n\nContact NHS Student Bursaries if you need help with your application.\n\n## Extra financial help\n\nIn addition to the NHS bursary you may also be able to apply for extra help if:\n\n- you have children\n\n- you have adult dependants\n\n- you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty\n\n- you do a practice placement\n\n- your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the academic year\n\nFind out more about extra help on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Dependants\u2019 Allowance\n\nYou may get this if you have adults or children who are financially dependent on you when you\u2019re training.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\nApply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance through your BOSS account.\n\n## Childcare Allowance\n\nYou must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance before you can apply for Childcare Allowance.\n\nYou may be able to get the NHS Bursary Childcare Allowance if you have dependent children.\n\nHow much you get depends on your circumstances and your household income.\n\nYou cannot get this if you\u2019re not entitled to the NHS bursary (known as a \u2018Fees Only award\u2019).\n\nTo qualify:\n\n- you must use a registered childcare provider\n\n- your children must be under 15 on the first day of the academic year (or under 17 if they have special educational needs)\n\nThe allowance pays 85% of the gross actual cost up to:\n\n- \u00a3128.78 a week for 1 child\n\n- \u00a3191.45 a week for 2 or more children\n\nApply for Childcare Allowance via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Parent Learning Allowance\n\nYou must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance first. If this includes a dependent child, you\u2019re automatically assessed for Parent Learning Allowance.\n\nYou can claim up to \u00a31,204 per academic year.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\n## Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances\n\nYou can get this if you have to pay extra costs because of a:\n\n- physical disability\n\n- long-term health condition\n\n- mental-health difficulty\n\n- specific learning difficulty like dyslexia\n\nYou need to give up-to-date medical evidence of the nature and severity of your disability from a qualified professional.\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a320,725 for a helper\n\n- \u00a35,214 for specialist equipment for the whole course\n\n- \u00a31,741 for other costs\n\nApply for Disabled Students Allowance through your BOSS account.\n\n## Practice placement expenses\n\nIf you do a practice placement you may be able to claim travel costs if:\n\n- your practice placement is in a hospital or community health centre and not at your university\n\n- it costs you more to travel to your placement than it costs to travel to university\n\nClaim practice placement expenses via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Extra Weeks Allowance\n\nIf your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the 2016 to 2017 academic year you may be entitled to Extra Weeks Allowance:\n\n| Where you study and live | Allowance |\n\n| In London | \u00a3108 per week |\n\n| Outside London | \u00a384 per additional week |\n\n| With your parents | \u00a356 per additional week |\n\nYour Extra Weeks Allowance is calculated automatically during the application process.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    What you can apply for depends on when your course starts and what you\u2019re studying. You do not have to pay your NHS bursary back.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for a bursary you may still be eligible for student finance.

    ", + "

    If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018

    ", + "

    You can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor or dentist.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying a pre-registration postgraduate healthcare course, you may still be eligible for student finance.

    ", + "

    If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year

    ", + "

    You can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor, dentist, dental hygienist or dental therapist.

    ", + "

    If your course started before 1 August 2017

    ", + "

    You can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying a dental, medical or healthcare course in England.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:

    ", + "
  • a bursary from the NHS
    • ", + "
  • a \u00a31,000 grant from the NHS
    • ", + "
  • a reduced Maintenance Loan from Student Finance England
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an eligible part-time student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:

    ", + "
  • a reduced bursary from the NHS
    • ", + "
  • a reduced grant from the NHS
    • ", + "

    The amount you get depends on the length of your course.

    ", + "

    Tuition fees

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for an NHS bursary, the NHS pays your standard tuition fees. Your course tuition fees are paid directly to your university.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying a graduate-entry accelerated medical or dental programme, you can get some of your tuition costs paid with an NHS bursary in years 2 to 4 of your programme.

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2019 to 2020 academic year
    • ", + "
  • \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2018 to 2019 academic year
    • ", + "

    Bursary

    ", + "

    Your bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    If you started a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE) Nursing or Operating Department Practitioner course before 1 September 2012, you\u2019ll receive a basic bursary which does not depend on your household income.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying to become a doctor or dentist, you can apply for an NHS bursary from your second year for graduate entry programmes or from your fifth year for undergraduate programmes.

    ", + "

    Grant

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a fixed amount of \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting your course on or after 1 September 2012. You\u2019ll get a reduced amount if you\u2019re a part-time student.

    ", + "

    You must apply for an NHS bursary to get the grant.

    ", + "

    Maintenance Loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a reduced Maintenance Loan. The amount you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • where you live and study
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re in the final year of your course (when you get less)
    • ", + "

    Current rates for the 2018 to 2019 academic year are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,263 for students studying in London and living away from home
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,324 for students studying outside London and away from home
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,744 for students living at home
    • ", + "

    Current rates for the 2019 to 2020 academic year are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,354 for students studying in London and living away from home
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,389 for students studying outside London and away from home
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,793 for students living at home
    • ", + "

    How it\u2019s paid

    ", + "

    The NHS bursary is paid into your bank account in 12 equal monthly instalments.

    ", + "

    The Maintenance Loan is usually paid into your bank account at the beginning of each term.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled or have children

    ", + "

    You may get extra help if you:

    ", + "
  • have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty
    • ", + "
  • have dependants
    • ", + "

    Find out what extra help you could get.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Whether you can get an NHS bursary depends on:

    ", + "
  • where you live
    • ", + "
  • your course
    • ", + "
  • your household income
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve already had funding
    • ", + "

    Where you live

    ", + "

    To be eligible to apply for an NHS bursary you must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 years up to the start of the academic year.

    ", + "

    You may still be eligible if you do not meet the residency requirements - find out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.

    ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    Whether you\u2019re eligible depends on when your course starts.

    ", + "

    You will not get an NHS bursary if you\u2019re a first level nurse or midwife and you\u2019re registering for a second field in nursing or midwifery.

    ", + "

    If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018

    ", + "

    You must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a doctor or dentist.

    ", + "

    You can apply for an NHS bursary from your 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course.

    ", + "

    If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year

    ", + "

    You must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:

    ", + "
  • doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)
    • ", + "
  • dental hygienist or dental therapist
    • ", + "

    If your course started before 1 August 2017

    ", + "

    You must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:

    ", + "
  • doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)
    • ", + "
  • chiropodist (including podiatrist), dietician, occupational therapist, orthoptist, physiotherapist, prosthetist, orthotist, radiographer, radiotherapist, audiologist or a speech and language therapist
    • ", + "
  • dental hygienist or dental therapist
    • ", + "
  • nurse, midwife or operating department practitioner (degree or diploma course)
    • ", + "

    Household income

    ", + "

    Your total bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be either your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already had funding

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for an NHS bursary even if you\u2019ve already had public funding for higher education.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve had an NHS bursary and want to change professions, you may also be eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You need to create a Bursary Online Support System (BOSS) account on the NHS Student Bursaries website to apply for an NHS bursary.

    ", + "

    You must reapply for your bursary every academic year.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to apply if you\u2019re from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    New students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re entering the first year of your NHS-funded course or, for medical and dental students, your first year of NHS bursary funding, read the guidance for new students.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You should wait until you have an offer of a course place from your university or college before you apply for an NHS bursary.

    ", + "

    The date you can apply from usually depends on when your course starts. Check the NHS Student Bursaries website for the latest application dates.

    ", + "

    Documents

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an NHS bursary for the first time you must provide 2 documents to confirm your identity, one of which must include a photograph of yourself, for example a birth certificate and a valid passport.

    ", + "

    You must send original documents (not photocopies), which NHS Student Bursaries will return to you.

    ", + "

    Continuing students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already had an NHS student bursary for your current course and you\u2019re reapplying for another year, read the guidance for continuing students.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    NHS Student Bursaries will send you an email invitation when you can reapply for your bursary. The date your invitation is sent depends on when your next academic year begins. Check the NHS Student Busaries website for the latest invitation dates.

    ", + "

    You must send your application within 6 months of the first day of your academic year.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    If your application is approved, NHS Student Bursaries will send you an email when your bursary is available for you to view in your BOSS account.

    ", + "

    If you get an NHS bursary you can apply separately for a reduced rate loan from Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    Contact NHS Student Bursaries

    ", + "

    Contact NHS Student Bursaries if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    Extra financial help

    ", + "

    In addition to the NHS bursary you may also be able to apply for extra help if:

    ", + "
  • you have children
    • ", + "
  • you have adult dependants
    • ", + "
  • you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty
    • ", + "
  • you do a practice placement
    • ", + "
  • your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the academic year
    • ", + "

    Find out more about extra help on the NHS Student Bursaries website.

    ", + "

    Dependants\u2019 Allowance

    ", + "

    You may get this if you have adults or children who are financially dependent on you when you\u2019re training.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your household income.

    ", + "

    Apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance through your BOSS account.

    ", + "

    Childcare Allowance

    ", + "

    You must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance before you can apply for Childcare Allowance.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get the NHS Bursary Childcare Allowance if you have dependent children.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your circumstances and your household income.

    ", + "

    You cannot get this if you\u2019re not entitled to the NHS bursary (known as a \u2018Fees Only award\u2019).

    ", + "

    To qualify:

    ", + "
  • you must use a registered childcare provider
    • ", + "
  • your children must be under 15 on the first day of the academic year (or under 17 if they have special educational needs)
    • ", + "

    The allowance pays 85% of the gross actual cost up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3128.78 a week for 1 child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3191.45 a week for 2 or more children
    • ", + "

    Apply for Childcare Allowance via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.

    ", + "

    Parent Learning Allowance

    ", + "

    You must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance first. If this includes a dependent child, you\u2019re automatically assessed for Parent Learning Allowance.

    ", + "

    You can claim up to \u00a31,204 per academic year.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your household income.

    ", + "

    Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances

    ", + "

    You can get this if you have to pay extra costs because of a:

    ", + "
  • physical disability
    • ", + "
  • long-term health condition
    • ", + "
  • mental-health difficulty
    • ", + "
  • specific learning difficulty like dyslexia
    • ", + "

    You need to give up-to-date medical evidence of the nature and severity of your disability from a qualified professional.

    ", + "

    You can get up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a320,725 for a helper
    • ", + "
  • \u00a35,214 for specialist equipment for the whole course
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,741 for other costs
    • ", + "

    Apply for Disabled Students Allowance through your BOSS account.

    ", + "

    Practice placement expenses

    ", + "

    If you do a practice placement you may be able to claim travel costs if:

    ", + "
  • your practice placement is in a hospital or community health centre and not at your university
    • ", + "
  • it costs you more to travel to your placement than it costs to travel to university
    • ", + "

    Claim practice placement expenses via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.

    ", + "

    Extra Weeks Allowance

    ", + "

    If your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the 2016 to 2017 academic year you may be entitled to Extra Weeks Allowance:

    ", + "Where you study and live | Allowance", + "In London | \u00a3108 per week", + "Outside London | \u00a384 per additional week", + "With your parents | \u00a356 per additional week", + "

    Your Extra Weeks Allowance is calculated automatically during the application process.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/repaying-your-student-loan": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repaying-your-student-loan", + "title": "Repaying your student loan", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou need to pay back:\n\n- Tuition Fee Loans\n\n- Maintenance Loans\n\n- Postgraduate Loans\n\nYou do not need to pay back other student finance, for example grants and bursaries, unless you\u2019ve been paid too much.\n\nYou still have to repay your student loan if you leave your course early.\n\nWhen you start repaying your loan and how much you pay depends on which repayment plan you\u2019re on.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## How to repay\n\nHow you repay your loan depends on whether you\u2019re employed or self-employed.\n\nYou can make extra repayments in your online repayment account and by card, bank transfer or cheque.\n\nKeep your payslips and P60 for your records - you\u2019ll need them if you want to get a refund.\n\n## Sign in\n\nSign in to your student loan repayment account if you already have one.\n\n## Repaying during the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak\n\nRead the guidance about repaying your student loan for more information on:\n\n- changes in your income\n\n- refunds\n\n- interest on your loan balance\n\n## Which repayment plan you're on\n\nWhen you start repaying your loan and how much you repay depends on your repayment plan.\n\nThere are 4 plans:\n\n- Plan 1\n\n- Plan 2\n\n- Plan 4\n\n- Postgraduate Loan\n\nYou cannot choose the repayment plan you\u2019re on. If you have more than one loan, they could be on different plans.\n\n## Plan 1\n\nYou\u2019re on Plan 1 if you\u2019re:\n\n- an English or Welsh student who started an undergraduate course anywhere in the UK before 1 September 2012\n\n- a Northern Irish student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course anywhere in the UK on or after 1 September 1998\n\n- an EU student who started an undergraduate course in England or Wales on or after 1 September 1998, but before 1 September 2012\n\n- an EU student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course in Northern Ireland on or after 1 September 1998\n\n## Plan 2\n\nYou\u2019re on Plan 2 if you\u2019re:\n\n- an English or Welsh student who started an undergraduate course anywhere in the UK on or after 1 September 2012\n\n- an EU student who started an undergraduate course in England or Wales on or after 1 September 2012\n\n- someone who took out an Advanced Learner Loan on or after 1 August 2013\n\n## Plan 4\n\nYou\u2019re on Plan 4 if you\u2019re:\n\n- a Scottish student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course anywhere in the UK on or after 1 September 1998\n\n- an EU student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course in Scotland on or after 1 September 1998\n\n## Postgraduate Loan\n\nYou\u2019re on a Postgraduate Loan repayment plan if you\u2019re:\n\n- an English or Welsh student who took out a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan on or after 1 August 2016\n\n- an English or Welsh student who took out a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan on or after 1 August 2018\n\n- an EU student who started a postgraduate course on or after 1 August 2016\n\n## When you start repaying\n\nYou\u2019ll only repay your student loan when your income is over the threshold amount for your repayment plan. The threshold amounts change on 6 April every year.\n\nThe earliest you\u2019ll start repaying is either:\n\n- the April after you leave your course\n\n- the April 4 years after the course started, if you\u2019re studying part-time\n\nYour repayments automatically stop if either:\n\n- you stop working\n\n- your income goes below the threshold\n\n## If you have a Plan 1 student loan\n\nYou\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3382 a week, \u00a31,657 a month or \u00a319,895 a year (before tax and other deductions).\n\n## If you have a Plan 2 student loan\n\nYou\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3524 a week, \u00a32,274 a month or \u00a327,295 a year (before tax and other deductions).\n\n## If you have a Plan 4 student loan\n\nYou\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3480 a week, \u00a32,083 a month or \u00a325,000 a year (before tax and other deductions).\n\n## If you\u2019re on a Postgraduate Loan repayment plan\n\nIf you took out a Master\u2019s Loan or a Doctoral Loan, you\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3403 a week, \u00a31,750 a month or \u00a321,000 a year (before tax and other deductions).\n\n## Early repayments\n\nThere\u2019s no penalty for paying some or all of your loan off early.\n\n## How much you repay\n\nHow much you repay depends on which plan you\u2019re on.\n\nEach plan has a threshold for your weekly or monthly income. You repay:\n\n- 9% of the amount you earn over the threshold for plans 1, 2 and 4\n\n- 6% of the amount you earn over the threshold for the Postgraduate Loan\n\nYou do not pay anything back if your income is under the threshold.\n\nInterest starts being added to your loan from when you get your first payment.\n\n## Plan 1\n\nThe thresholds are \u00a3382 a week or \u00a31,657 a month (before tax and other deductions).\n\n## Interest on Plan 1\n\nYou currently pay interest of 1.1% on Plan 1. You can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.\n\n## Plan 2\n\nThe thresholds are \u00a3524 a week or \u00a32,274 a month (before tax and other deductions). They change on 6 April every year.\n\n## Interest on Plan 2\n\nWhile you\u2019re studying, interest is 5.6%.\n\nThis is made up of the Retail Price Index (RPI) plus 3%. RPI is currently set at 2.6%.\n\nThis rate applies until the 5 April after you finish or leave your course, or for the first 4 years of your course if you\u2019re studying part-time, unless the RPI changes.\n\nAfter that, your interest rate depends on your income in the current tax year.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed, your income is the total income amount on your Self-Assessment form.\n\nIf you\u2019re an employee, your income is your taxable pay:\n\n- plus any pension contributions\n\n- minus any benefits you get from your employer that are taxed through payroll (ask your employer if you\u2019re not sure)\n\nIf you have more than one job in a year, your interest rate will be based on your combined income from all your jobs.\n\n| Your annual income | Interest rate |\n\n| \u00a327,295 or less | RPI (currently 2.6%) |\n\n| \u00a327,296 to \u00a349,130 | RPI (currently 2.6%), plus up to 3% |\n\n| Over \u00a349,130 | RPI (currently 2.6%), plus 3% |\n\nYou must keep your contact details up to date in your online account and give the Student Loans Company (SLC) evidence if they ask for it. If you do not, you may be charged the higher interest rate even if your income is lower.\n\nYou can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.\n\n## If you have Plan 1 and Plan 2 loans\n\nYou pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 1 threshold (\u00a3382 a week or \u00a31,657 a month).\n\nIf your income is under the Plan 2 threshold (\u00a3524 a week or \u00a32,274 a month), your repayments only go towards your Plan 1 loan.\n\nIf your income is over the Plan 2 threshold, your repayments go towards both your loans.\n\n## Plan 4\n\nThe thresholds are \u00a3480 a week or \u00a32,083 a month (before tax and other deductions).\n\n## Interest on Plan 4\n\nYou currently pay interest of 1.1% on Plan 4. You can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.\n\n## If you have a Plan 4 loan and a Plan 1 loan\n\nYou pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 1 threshold (\u00a3382 a week or \u00a31,657 a month).\n\nIf your income is under the Plan 4 threshold (\u00a3480 a week or \u00a32,083 a month), your repayments only go towards your Plan 1 loan.\n\nIf your income is over the Plan 4 threshold, your repayments go towards both your loans.\n\n## If you have a Plan 4 loan and a Plan 2 loan\n\nYou pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 4 threshold (\u00a3480 a week or \u00a32,083 a month).\n\nIf your income is under the Plan 2 threshold (\u00a3524 a week or \u00a32,274 a month), your repayments only go towards your Plan 4 loan.\n\nIf your income is over the Plan 2 threshold, your repayments go towards both your loans.\n\n## Postgraduate Loan\n\nThe thresholds are \u00a3403 a week or \u00a31,750 a month (before tax and other deductions).\n\n## Interest on Postgraduate Loan\n\nYou currently pay interest of 5.6% on Postgraduate Loans.\n\nThe interest is made up of the Retail Price Index (RPI), plus 3%. RPI is currently set at 2.6%.\n\nYou can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.\n\n## If you have a Postgraduate Loan and a Plan 1, Plan 2 or Plan 4 loan\n\nYou pay back 6% of your income over the Postgraduate Loan threshold (\u00a3403 a week or \u00a31,750 a month). In addition, you\u2019ll pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 1, Plan 2 or Plan 4 threshold.\n\n## If your income changes during the year\n\nYou can ask for a refund if you make repayments but your total annual income (from 6 April to 5 April the following year) is less than:\n\n- \u00a319,895 a year for Plan 1\n\n- \u00a327,295 a year for Plan 2\n\n- \u00a325,000 a year for Plan 4\n\n- \u00a321,000 for Postgraduate Loans\n\n## If you have 2 or more jobs\n\nIf you\u2019re employed, your repayments will be taken out of your salary. The repayments will be from the jobs where you earn over the minimum amount, not your combined income.\n\n## If you need to send a Self Assessment tax return\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out how much you repay from your tax return. Your repayments are based on your income for the whole year. If you\u2019ve already made repayments from a salary, HMRC will deduct them from the amount you have to repay.\n\n## How to repay\n\nYour repayments will be taken out of your salary at the same time as tax and National Insurance if you\u2019re an employee. Your payslips will show how much has been deducted. You may need to tell your employer which repayment plan you\u2019re on.\n\nYou start repaying when your income is more than the minimum amount.\n\nThere\u2019s no penalty if you make extra repayments to pay some or all of your loan off early.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out how much you pay from your tax return. You pay at the same time as you pay your tax.\n\n## If you\u2019re an employee and you do a tax return\n\nIf you earn over the minimum amount, your employer will deduct loan repayments from your salary.\n\nCheck your payslips or P60 to see how much of your loan you\u2019ve paid off during the tax year. You\u2019ll need to include this information when you fill in your tax return.\n\nThe tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If you leave the UK for more than 3 months\n\nYou will need to tell the Student Loans Company (SLC). They will work out if you have to repay while you\u2019re not in the UK and if so, how much you need to pay.\n\nThe rules for repayment are the same as in the UK, apart from different repayment thresholds for each country.\n\nIf you\u2019re abroad, your repayment amounts are based on:\n\n- the minimum amount under Plan 1 for that country\n\n- the minimum amount under Plan 2 for that country\n\n- the minimum amount under Plan 4 for that country\n\n- the minimum amount under the Postgraduate Loan plan for that country\n\nOnce SLC have told you how much you need to repay, you can make repayments:\n\n- through your online account\n\n- by International Bank Transfer (IBAN)\n\n## Online account\n\nSign in to your online account to:\n\n- make a repayment using an international debit card\n\n- set up a direct debit\n\nYou can also use your online account to update your contact details and make extra repayments.\n\n## International Bank Transfer\n\nTo transfer money from a non-UK bank account, use the following details:\n\nIBAN: GB37NWBK60708010027254\nSWIFT: NWBKGB2L\nNatWest Government Banking Team\nNatWest Customer Service Centre\nBrampton Road\nNewcastle-under-Lyme\nStaffordshire\nST5 0QX\n\nUse one of these as your reference:\n\n- customer reference number\n\n- grant reference number (if it\u2019s for a grant repayment)\n\n## Checking your repayments\n\nYou can check your repayments and balance in your:\n\n- annual statements from SLC\n\n- online account\n\nIf your contact details change, you must update them in your online account.\n\n## Avoid paying more than you owe\n\nIf you have nearly repaid your loan, you may be able to make your final repayments by direct debit instead of from your salary.\n\nThis makes sure your employer will not accidentally take more than you owe.\n\nSLC will contact you in the final year of your loan repayments to let you know how to set up a direct debit.\n\nKeep your contact details up to date.\n\n## Make extra repayments\n\nYou can choose to make extra repayments towards your student loan. These are in addition to the repayments you must make when your income is over the threshold amount for your repayment plan.\n\nYou should only make extra repayments if you think you can pay off the full balance before the loan term ends. This is because your loan will be written off at the end of the term.\n\nThere\u2019s no penalty if you make extra repayments but they are not refundable.\n\nSpeak to a financial adviser if you\u2019re unsure whether you should make extra repayments or not.\n\nIf you decide to make an extra repayment, you can choose how it is applied to your loan. For example, you can use it to reduce the total balance of your loan or to reduce the balance of a specific plan (if you have more than one plan).\n\nIf you do not choose how the repayment is applied, the Student Loans Company (SLC) will decide how it\u2019s applied for you.\n\nIf you\u2019re a full time student from Wales, you may be able to get \u00a31,500 of your Maintenance Loan written off.\n\n## Make a repayment without signing into an account\n\nYou can make a card repayment towards your loan or someone else\u2019s without signing into an online account.\n\nYou need the person\u2019s surname and customer reference number.\n\n## Make extra repayments from the UK\n\nYou can make extra repayments:\n\n- through your online account\n\n- by bank transfer\n\n- by cheque\n\n## Online account\n\nSign in to your online account to:\n\n- make a repayment using a debit card\n\n- set up a direct debit\n\n## Bank transfer\n\nTo make a bank transfer or set-up a standing order from a UK bank account you must use the following bank details:\n\nAccount name: Student Loans Company\nSort code: 60 70 80\nAccount number: 10027254\n\nUse one of these as your reference:\n\n- customer reference number\n\n- grant reference number (if it\u2019s for a grant repayment)\n\n## Cheque\n\nTo pay by cheque make your cheque payable to Student Loans Company Ltd and write the customer reference number on the back.\n\nIt is taking longer than usual to process cheques because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Your cheque will be backdated and you will not build up additional interest because of the delay.\n\n## Make extra repayments from overseas\n\nYou can make extra repayments:\n\n- through your online account\n\n- by International Bank Transfer (IBAN)\n\n## Online account\n\nSign in to your online account to:\n\n- make a repayment using an international debit card\n\n- set up a direct debit\n\n## International Bank Transfer\n\nTo transfer money from a non-UK bank account, use the following details:\n\nIBAN: GB37NWBK60708010027254\nSWIFT: NWBKGB2L\nNatWest Government Banking Team\nNatWest Customer Service Centre\nBrampton Road\nNewcastle-under-Lyme\nStaffordshire\nST5 0QX\n\nUse one of these as your reference:\n\n- customer reference number\n\n- grant reference number (if it\u2019s for a grant repayment)\n\n## Pay your loan off in full\n\nCall or contact SLC on social media to find out:\n\n- the total amount you owe (this is called the \u2018settlement amount\u2019)\n\n- the date you need to pay by (this is called the \u2018settlement date\u2019)\n\nYou\u2019ll need your latest payslip if you\u2019re employed.\n\nOnce you know the total you owe, you can pay by debit card over the phone, bank transfer or cheque.\n\nIf you do not pay the settlement amount by the settlement date, you\u2019ll need to contact SLC again. This is because the amount you owe might have changed. You\u2019ll only need to provide any recent payslips or calculations since you last called.\n\n## Getting a refund\n\nYou can ask for a refund if:\n\n- you\u2019ve paid more than the total amount you owe\n\n- your annual income was below the threshold\n\n- you started making repayments before you needed to\n\nYou cannot get a refund for extra repayments.\n\n## If you pay back more than you owe\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell your employer to stop taking repayments from your salary when you have repaid your loan in full. It can take around 4 weeks for salary deductions to stop.\n\nThis means you may pay back more than you owe.\n\nYou can avoid paying more than you owe by changing your payments to direct debit in the final year of your repayments. Keep your contact details up to date so SLC can let you know how to set this up.\n\nIf you have paid too much the Student Loans Company (SLC) will try to:\n\n- contact you to tell you how to get a refund\n\n- refund you automatically (this will appear in your bank account as \u2018SLC Receipts\u2019)\n\nYou can check your loan balance in your online account.\n\nIf you\u2019ve overpaid and have not heard from SLC you can ask them for a refund.\n\n## If your annual income was below the threshold\n\nYou can ask for a refund if you made repayments but your income over the whole tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year) was less than:\n\n- \u00a319,895 a year for Plan 1\n\n- \u00a327,295 a year for Plan 2\n\n- \u00a325,000 a year for Plan 4\n\n- \u00a321,000 a year for Postgraduate Loan\n\nIf your annual salary is less than this, your employer may still deduct repayments - for example if you get paid a bonus or overtime.\n\nIf you\u2019re repaying a Plan 1, Plan 2 and Plan 4 loan, you can only get a refund if your income was less than \u00a319,895.\n\nYou can check previous thresholds if you ask about a refund on repayments made before this tax year.\n\n## If you started repaying before you needed to\n\nIf a deduction is taken from your salary before you\u2019re due to start repaying, you can ask for a refund.\n\n## How to ask for a refund\n\nCall or contact SLC on social media with your customer reference number.\n\nYou can contact SLC by post.\n\n## When your student loan gets written off or cancelled\n\nWhen your student loan gets written off depends on which repayment plan you\u2019re on.\n\nIf you\u2019re a full time student from Wales, you may be able to get \u00a31,500 of your Maintenance Loan written off.\n\n## When Plan 1 loans get written off\n\nWhen your Plan 1 loan gets written off depends on when you took out the loan.\n\n| Academic year you took out the loan | When the loan\u2019s written off |\n\n| 2005 to 2006, or earlier | When you\u2019re 65 |\n\n| 2006 to 2007, or later | 25 years after the April you were first due to repay |\n\n## When Plan 2 loans get written off\n\nPlan 2 loans are written off 30 years after the April you were first due to repay.\n\n## When Plan 4 loans get written off\n\n| Academic year you took out the loan | When the loan\u2019s written off |\n\n| 2006 to 2007, or earlier | When you\u2019re 65, or 30 years after the April you were first due to repay - whichever comes first |\n\n| 2007 to 2008, or later | 30 years after the April you were first due to repay |\n\n## When Postgraduate Loans get written off\n\nIf you\u2019re a student from England or Wales, your Postgraduate Loan will be written off 30 years after the April you were first due to repay.\n\nIf you\u2019re a postgraduate student from Northern Ireland, you\u2019re on Plan 1.\n\nIf you\u2019re a postgraduate student from Scotland, you\u2019re on Plan 4.\n\n## If someone with a student loan dies\n\nThe Student Loans Company (SLC) will cancel the person\u2019s student loan.\n\nYou need to let SLC know that the person has died and provide evidence (for example an original death certificate), as well as the person\u2019s Customer Reference Number.\n\n## If you can no longer work because of illness or disability\n\nSLC may be able to cancel your loan if you claim certain disability benefits. You\u2019ll need to provide evidence (for example a letter from the benefits agency) and your Customer Reference Number.\n\n## Update your employment details\n\nYou need to update your details if you:\n\n- leave the UK for more than 3 months\n\n- start a new job or become self-employed\n\n- stop working\n\n- get a letter or email from the Student Loans Company (SLC) asking you to update your employment details\n\nSLC use these details to work out if you should be repaying your loan.\n\nYou might get a higher interest rate if you do not update your details.\n\nStart now", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need to pay back:

    ", + "
  • Tuition Fee Loans
    • ", + "
  • Maintenance Loans
    • ", + "
  • Postgraduate Loans
    • ", + "

    You do not need to pay back other student finance, for example grants and bursaries, unless you\u2019ve been paid too much.

    ", + "

    You still have to repay your student loan if you leave your course early.

    ", + "

    When you start repaying your loan and how much you pay depends on which repayment plan you\u2019re on.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    How to repay

    ", + "

    How you repay your loan depends on whether you\u2019re employed or self-employed.

    ", + "

    You can make extra repayments in your online repayment account and by card, bank transfer or cheque.

    ", + "

    Keep your payslips and P60 for your records - you\u2019ll need them if you want to get a refund.

    ", + "

    Sign in

    ", + "

    Sign in to your student loan repayment account if you already have one.

    ", + "

    Repaying during the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak

    ", + "

    Read the guidance about repaying your student loan for more information on:

    ", + "
  • changes in your income
    • ", + "
  • refunds
    • ", + "
  • interest on your loan balance
    • ", + "

    Which repayment plan you're on

    ", + "

    When you start repaying your loan and how much you repay depends on your repayment plan.

    ", + "

    There are 4 plans:

    ", + "
  • Plan 1
    • ", + "
  • Plan 2
    • ", + "
  • Plan 4
    • ", + "
  • Postgraduate Loan
    • ", + "

    You cannot choose the repayment plan you\u2019re on. If you have more than one loan, they could be on different plans.

    ", + "

    Plan 1

    ", + "

    You\u2019re on Plan 1 if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an English or Welsh student who started an undergraduate course anywhere in the UK before 1 September 2012
    • ", + "
  • a Northern Irish student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course anywhere in the UK on or after 1 September 1998
    • ", + "
  • an EU student who started an undergraduate course in England or Wales on or after 1 September 1998, but before 1 September 2012
    • ", + "
  • an EU student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course in Northern Ireland on or after 1 September 1998
    • ", + "

    Plan 2

    ", + "

    You\u2019re on Plan 2 if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an English or Welsh student who started an undergraduate course anywhere in the UK on or after 1 September 2012
    • ", + "
  • an EU student who started an undergraduate course in England or Wales on or after 1 September 2012
    • ", + "
  • someone who took out an Advanced Learner Loan on or after 1 August 2013
    • ", + "

    Plan 4

    ", + "

    You\u2019re on Plan 4 if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a Scottish student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course anywhere in the UK on or after 1 September 1998
    • ", + "
  • an EU student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course in Scotland on or after 1 September 1998
    • ", + "

    Postgraduate Loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019re on a Postgraduate Loan repayment plan if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an English or Welsh student who took out a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan on or after 1 August 2016
    • ", + "
  • an English or Welsh student who took out a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan on or after 1 August 2018
    • ", + "
  • an EU student who started a postgraduate course on or after 1 August 2016
    • ", + "

    When you start repaying

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only repay your student loan when your income is over the threshold amount for your repayment plan. The threshold amounts change on 6 April every year.

    ", + "

    The earliest you\u2019ll start repaying is either:

    ", + "
  • the April after you leave your course
    • ", + "
  • the April 4 years after the course started, if you\u2019re studying part-time
    • ", + "

    Your repayments automatically stop if either:

    ", + "
  • you stop working
    • ", + "
  • your income goes below the threshold
    • ", + "

    If you have a Plan 1 student loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3382 a week, \u00a31,657 a month or \u00a319,895 a year (before tax and other deductions).

    ", + "

    If you have a Plan 2 student loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3524 a week, \u00a32,274 a month or \u00a327,295 a year (before tax and other deductions).

    ", + "

    If you have a Plan 4 student loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3480 a week, \u00a32,083 a month or \u00a325,000 a year (before tax and other deductions).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on a Postgraduate Loan repayment plan

    ", + "

    If you took out a Master\u2019s Loan or a Doctoral Loan, you\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3403 a week, \u00a31,750 a month or \u00a321,000 a year (before tax and other deductions).

    ", + "

    Early repayments

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no penalty for paying some or all of your loan off early.

    ", + "

    How much you repay

    ", + "

    How much you repay depends on which plan you\u2019re on.

    ", + "

    Each plan has a threshold for your weekly or monthly income. You repay:

    ", + "
  • 9% of the amount you earn over the threshold for plans 1, 2 and 4
    • ", + "
  • 6% of the amount you earn over the threshold for the Postgraduate Loan
    • ", + "

    You do not pay anything back if your income is under the threshold.

    ", + "

    Interest starts being added to your loan from when you get your first payment.

    ", + "

    Plan 1

    ", + "

    The thresholds are \u00a3382 a week or \u00a31,657 a month (before tax and other deductions).

    ", + "

    Interest on Plan 1

    ", + "

    You currently pay interest of 1.1% on Plan 1. You can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.

    ", + "

    Plan 2

    ", + "

    The thresholds are \u00a3524 a week or \u00a32,274 a month (before tax and other deductions). They change on 6 April every year.

    ", + "

    Interest on Plan 2

    ", + "

    While you\u2019re studying, interest is 5.6%.

    ", + "

    This is made up of the Retail Price Index (RPI) plus 3%. RPI is currently set at 2.6%.

    ", + "

    This rate applies until the 5 April after you finish or leave your course, or for the first 4 years of your course if you\u2019re studying part-time, unless the RPI changes.

    ", + "

    After that, your interest rate depends on your income in the current tax year.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed, your income is the total income amount on your Self-Assessment form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employee, your income is your taxable pay:

    ", + "
  • plus any pension contributions
    • ", + "
  • minus any benefits you get from your employer that are taxed through payroll (ask your employer if you\u2019re not sure)
    • ", + "

    If you have more than one job in a year, your interest rate will be based on your combined income from all your jobs.

    ", + "Your annual income | Interest rate", + "\u00a327,295 or less | RPI (currently 2.6%)", + "\u00a327,296 to \u00a349,130 | RPI (currently 2.6%), plus up to 3%", + "Over \u00a349,130 | RPI (currently 2.6%), plus 3%", + "

    You must keep your contact details up to date in your online account and give the Student Loans Company (SLC) evidence if they ask for it. If you do not, you may be charged the higher interest rate even if your income is lower.

    ", + "

    You can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.

    ", + "

    If you have Plan 1 and Plan 2 loans

    ", + "

    You pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 1 threshold (\u00a3382 a week or \u00a31,657 a month).

    ", + "

    If your income is under the Plan 2 threshold (\u00a3524 a week or \u00a32,274 a month), your repayments only go towards your Plan 1 loan.

    ", + "

    If your income is over the Plan 2 threshold, your repayments go towards both your loans.

    ", + "

    Plan 4

    ", + "

    The thresholds are \u00a3480 a week or \u00a32,083 a month (before tax and other deductions).

    ", + "

    Interest on Plan 4

    ", + "

    You currently pay interest of 1.1% on Plan 4. You can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.

    ", + "

    If you have a Plan 4 loan and a Plan 1 loan

    ", + "

    You pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 1 threshold (\u00a3382 a week or \u00a31,657 a month).

    ", + "

    If your income is under the Plan 4 threshold (\u00a3480 a week or \u00a32,083 a month), your repayments only go towards your Plan 1 loan.

    ", + "

    If your income is over the Plan 4 threshold, your repayments go towards both your loans.

    ", + "

    If you have a Plan 4 loan and a Plan 2 loan

    ", + "

    You pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 4 threshold (\u00a3480 a week or \u00a32,083 a month).

    ", + "

    If your income is under the Plan 2 threshold (\u00a3524 a week or \u00a32,274 a month), your repayments only go towards your Plan 4 loan.

    ", + "

    If your income is over the Plan 2 threshold, your repayments go towards both your loans.

    ", + "

    Postgraduate Loan

    ", + "

    The thresholds are \u00a3403 a week or \u00a31,750 a month (before tax and other deductions).

    ", + "

    Interest on Postgraduate Loan

    ", + "

    You currently pay interest of 5.6% on Postgraduate Loans.

    ", + "

    The interest is made up of the Retail Price Index (RPI), plus 3%. RPI is currently set at 2.6%.

    ", + "

    You can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.

    ", + "

    If you have a Postgraduate Loan and a Plan 1, Plan 2 or Plan 4 loan

    ", + "

    You pay back 6% of your income over the Postgraduate Loan threshold (\u00a3403 a week or \u00a31,750 a month). In addition, you\u2019ll pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 1, Plan 2 or Plan 4 threshold.

    ", + "

    If your income changes during the year

    ", + "

    You can ask for a refund if you make repayments but your total annual income (from 6 April to 5 April the following year) is less than:

    ", + "
  • \u00a319,895 a year for Plan 1
    • ", + "
  • \u00a327,295 a year for Plan 2
    • ", + "
  • \u00a325,000 a year for Plan 4
    • ", + "
  • \u00a321,000 for Postgraduate Loans
    • ", + "

    If you have 2 or more jobs

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed, your repayments will be taken out of your salary. The repayments will be from the jobs where you earn over the minimum amount, not your combined income.

    ", + "

    If you need to send a Self Assessment tax return

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out how much you repay from your tax return. Your repayments are based on your income for the whole year. If you\u2019ve already made repayments from a salary, HMRC will deduct them from the amount you have to repay.

    ", + "

    How to repay

    ", + "

    Your repayments will be taken out of your salary at the same time as tax and National Insurance if you\u2019re an employee. Your payslips will show how much has been deducted. You may need to tell your employer which repayment plan you\u2019re on.

    ", + "

    You start repaying when your income is more than the minimum amount.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no penalty if you make extra repayments to pay some or all of your loan off early.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out how much you pay from your tax return. You pay at the same time as you pay your tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employee and you do a tax return

    ", + "

    If you earn over the minimum amount, your employer will deduct loan repayments from your salary.

    ", + "

    Check your payslips or P60 to see how much of your loan you\u2019ve paid off during the tax year. You\u2019ll need to include this information when you fill in your tax return.

    ", + "

    The tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April the following year.

    ", + "

    If you leave the UK for more than 3 months

    ", + "

    You will need to tell the Student Loans Company (SLC). They will work out if you have to repay while you\u2019re not in the UK and if so, how much you need to pay.

    ", + "

    The rules for repayment are the same as in the UK, apart from different repayment thresholds for each country.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re abroad, your repayment amounts are based on:

    ", + "
  • the minimum amount under Plan 1 for that country
    • ", + "
  • the minimum amount under Plan 2 for that country
    • ", + "
  • the minimum amount under Plan 4 for that country
    • ", + "
  • the minimum amount under the Postgraduate Loan plan for that country
    • ", + "

    Once SLC have told you how much you need to repay, you can make repayments:

    ", + "
  • through your online account
    • ", + "
  • by International Bank Transfer (IBAN)
    • ", + "

    Online account

    ", + "

    Sign in to your online account to:

    ", + "
  • make a repayment using an international debit card
    • ", + "
  • set up a direct debit
    • ", + "

    You can also use your online account to update your contact details and make extra repayments.

    ", + "

    International Bank Transfer

    ", + "

    To transfer money from a non-UK bank account, use the following details:

    ", + "

    IBAN: GB37NWBK60708010027254\nSWIFT: NWBKGB2L\nNatWest Government Banking Team\nNatWest Customer Service Centre\nBrampton Road\nNewcastle-under-Lyme\nStaffordshire\nST5 0QX

    ", + "

    Use one of these as your reference:

    ", + "
  • customer reference number
    • ", + "
  • grant reference number (if it\u2019s for a grant repayment)
    • ", + "

    Checking your repayments

    ", + "

    You can check your repayments and balance in your:

    ", + "
  • annual statements from SLC
    • ", + "
  • online account
    • ", + "

    If your contact details change, you must update them in your online account.

    ", + "

    Avoid paying more than you owe

    ", + "

    If you have nearly repaid your loan, you may be able to make your final repayments by direct debit instead of from your salary.

    ", + "

    This makes sure your employer will not accidentally take more than you owe.

    ", + "

    SLC will contact you in the final year of your loan repayments to let you know how to set up a direct debit.

    ", + "

    Keep your contact details up to date.

    ", + "

    Make extra repayments

    ", + "

    You can choose to make extra repayments towards your student loan. These are in addition to the repayments you must make when your income is over the threshold amount for your repayment plan.

    ", + "

    You should only make extra repayments if you think you can pay off the full balance before the loan term ends. This is because your loan will be written off at the end of the term.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no penalty if you make extra repayments but they are not refundable.

    ", + "

    Speak to a financial adviser if you\u2019re unsure whether you should make extra repayments or not.

    ", + "

    If you decide to make an extra repayment, you can choose how it is applied to your loan. For example, you can use it to reduce the total balance of your loan or to reduce the balance of a specific plan (if you have more than one plan).

    ", + "

    If you do not choose how the repayment is applied, the Student Loans Company (SLC) will decide how it\u2019s applied for you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a full time student from Wales, you may be able to get \u00a31,500 of your Maintenance Loan written off.

    ", + "

    Make a repayment without signing into an account

    ", + "

    You can make a card repayment towards your loan or someone else\u2019s without signing into an online account.

    ", + "

    You need the person\u2019s surname and customer reference number.

    ", + "

    Make extra repayments from the UK

    ", + "

    You can make extra repayments:

    ", + "
  • through your online account
    • ", + "
  • by bank transfer
    • ", + "
  • by cheque
    • ", + "

    Online account

    ", + "

    Sign in to your online account to:

    ", + "
  • make a repayment using a debit card
    • ", + "
  • set up a direct debit
    • ", + "

    Bank transfer

    ", + "

    To make a bank transfer or set-up a standing order from a UK bank account you must use the following bank details:

    ", + "

    Account name: Student Loans Company\nSort code: 60 70 80\nAccount number: 10027254

    ", + "

    Use one of these as your reference:

    ", + "
  • customer reference number
    • ", + "
  • grant reference number (if it\u2019s for a grant repayment)
    • ", + "

    Cheque

    ", + "

    To pay by cheque make your cheque payable to Student Loans Company Ltd and write the customer reference number on the back.

    ", + "

    It is taking longer than usual to process cheques because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Your cheque will be backdated and you will not build up additional interest because of the delay.

    ", + "

    Make extra repayments from overseas

    ", + "

    You can make extra repayments:

    ", + "
  • through your online account
    • ", + "
  • by International Bank Transfer (IBAN)
    • ", + "

    Online account

    ", + "

    Sign in to your online account to:

    ", + "
  • make a repayment using an international debit card
    • ", + "
  • set up a direct debit
    • ", + "

    International Bank Transfer

    ", + "

    To transfer money from a non-UK bank account, use the following details:

    ", + "

    IBAN: GB37NWBK60708010027254\nSWIFT: NWBKGB2L\nNatWest Government Banking Team\nNatWest Customer Service Centre\nBrampton Road\nNewcastle-under-Lyme\nStaffordshire\nST5 0QX

    ", + "

    Use one of these as your reference:

    ", + "
  • customer reference number
    • ", + "
  • grant reference number (if it\u2019s for a grant repayment)
    • ", + "

    Pay your loan off in full

    ", + "

    Call or contact SLC on social media to find out:

    ", + "
  • the total amount you owe (this is called the \u2018settlement amount\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • the date you need to pay by (this is called the \u2018settlement date\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your latest payslip if you\u2019re employed.

    ", + "

    Once you know the total you owe, you can pay by debit card over the phone, bank transfer or cheque.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay the settlement amount by the settlement date, you\u2019ll need to contact SLC again. This is because the amount you owe might have changed. You\u2019ll only need to provide any recent payslips or calculations since you last called.

    ", + "

    Getting a refund

    ", + "

    You can ask for a refund if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve paid more than the total amount you owe
    • ", + "
  • your annual income was below the threshold
    • ", + "
  • you started making repayments before you needed to
    • ", + "

    You cannot get a refund for extra repayments.

    ", + "

    If you pay back more than you owe

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell your employer to stop taking repayments from your salary when you have repaid your loan in full. It can take around 4 weeks for salary deductions to stop.

    ", + "

    This means you may pay back more than you owe.

    ", + "

    You can avoid paying more than you owe by changing your payments to direct debit in the final year of your repayments. Keep your contact details up to date so SLC can let you know how to set this up.

    ", + "

    If you have paid too much the Student Loans Company (SLC) will try to:

    ", + "
  • contact you to tell you how to get a refund
    • ", + "
  • refund you automatically (this will appear in your bank account as \u2018SLC Receipts\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You can check your loan balance in your online account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve overpaid and have not heard from SLC you can ask them for a refund.

    ", + "

    If your annual income was below the threshold

    ", + "

    You can ask for a refund if you made repayments but your income over the whole tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year) was less than:

    ", + "
  • \u00a319,895 a year for Plan 1
    • ", + "
  • \u00a327,295 a year for Plan 2
    • ", + "
  • \u00a325,000 a year for Plan 4
    • ", + "
  • \u00a321,000 a year for Postgraduate Loan
    • ", + "

    If your annual salary is less than this, your employer may still deduct repayments - for example if you get paid a bonus or overtime.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re repaying a Plan 1, Plan 2 and Plan 4 loan, you can only get a refund if your income was less than \u00a319,895.

    ", + "

    You can check previous thresholds if you ask about a refund on repayments made before this tax year.

    ", + "

    If you started repaying before you needed to

    ", + "

    If a deduction is taken from your salary before you\u2019re due to start repaying, you can ask for a refund.

    ", + "

    How to ask for a refund

    ", + "

    Call or contact SLC on social media with your customer reference number.

    ", + "

    You can contact SLC by post.

    ", + "

    When your student loan gets written off or cancelled

    ", + "

    When your student loan gets written off depends on which repayment plan you\u2019re on.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a full time student from Wales, you may be able to get \u00a31,500 of your Maintenance Loan written off.

    ", + "

    When Plan 1 loans get written off

    ", + "

    When your Plan 1 loan gets written off depends on when you took out the loan.

    ", + "Academic year you took out the loan | When the loan\u2019s written off", + "2005 to 2006, or earlier | When you\u2019re 65", + "2006 to 2007, or later | 25 years after the April you were first due to repay", + "

    When Plan 2 loans get written off

    ", + "

    Plan 2 loans are written off 30 years after the April you were first due to repay.

    ", + "

    When Plan 4 loans get written off

    ", + "Academic year you took out the loan | When the loan\u2019s written off", + "2006 to 2007, or earlier | When you\u2019re 65, or 30 years after the April you were first due to repay - whichever comes first", + "2007 to 2008, or later | 30 years after the April you were first due to repay", + "

    When Postgraduate Loans get written off

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a student from England or Wales, your Postgraduate Loan will be written off 30 years after the April you were first due to repay.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a postgraduate student from Northern Ireland, you\u2019re on Plan 1.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a postgraduate student from Scotland, you\u2019re on Plan 4.

    ", + "

    If someone with a student loan dies

    ", + "

    The Student Loans Company (SLC) will cancel the person\u2019s student loan.

    ", + "

    You need to let SLC know that the person has died and provide evidence (for example an original death certificate), as well as the person\u2019s Customer Reference Number.

    ", + "

    If you can no longer work because of illness or disability

    ", + "

    SLC may be able to cancel your loan if you claim certain disability benefits. You\u2019ll need to provide evidence (for example a letter from the benefits agency) and your Customer Reference Number.

    ", + "

    Update your employment details

    ", + "

    You need to update your details if you:

    ", + "
  • leave the UK for more than 3 months
    • ", + "
  • start a new job or become self-employed
    • ", + "
  • stop working
    • ", + "
  • get a letter or email from the Student Loans Company (SLC) asking you to update your employment details
    • ", + "

    SLC use these details to work out if you should be repaying your loan.

    ", + "

    You might get a higher interest rate if you do not update your details.

    ", + "

    Start now

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "title": "Social work bursaries", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re training for social work you may get a bursary.\n\nSocial work bursaries:\n\n- help with living costs and tuition fees\n\n- don\u2019t depend on your household income\n\n- don\u2019t have to be paid back\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe social work bursary is a grant that doesn\u2019t depend on your household income and doesn\u2019t have to be paid back.\n\nThe amount you get depends on:\n\n- where you study\n\n- whether you study full or part-time\n\n- the cost of your tuition\n\nGraduates doing an undergraduate social work course can apply for the Maintenance Loan part of the main student finance \npackage.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nSocial work bursaries are paid in 3 instalments, one each term.\n\n## If you\u2019re disabled\n\nYou may be able to get extra help if you\u2019re disabled and a postgraduate student.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nSocial work bursaries are available to eligible social work students who:\n\n- don\u2019t get funding from their employer\n\n- are studying an approved undergraduate or postgraduate course in social work\n\n- don\u2019t already have a higher education social work qualification\n\nYour university or college will tell you if your course qualifies.\n\nUndergraduate students may also be able to get help from the main student finance \npackage - apply to Student Finance England.\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible for a bursary if you\u2019re studying on an employment-based course including direct Open University courses.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to download forms from NHS Business Services Authority. The address to send the form is in the guidance notes.\n\nThe deadline for 2017 to 2018 applications depends on when you start your course:\n\n| Course starts | Application deadline |\n\n| Autumn term | 1 November 2017 |\n\n| Winter term | 14 February 2018 |\n\n## Evidence needed\n\nYou may need to prove your identity by sending both:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- your passport (which must be valid)", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re training for social work you may get a bursary.

    ", + "

    Social work bursaries:

    ", + "
  • help with living costs and tuition fees
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t depend on your household income
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t have to be paid back
    • ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The social work bursary is a grant that doesn\u2019t depend on your household income and doesn\u2019t have to be paid back.

    ", + "

    The amount you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • where you study
    • ", + "
  • whether you study full or part-time
    • ", + "
  • the cost of your tuition
    • ", + "

    Graduates doing an undergraduate social work course can apply for the Maintenance Loan part of the main student finance \npackage.

    ", + "

    How it\u2019s paid

    ", + "

    Social work bursaries are paid in 3 instalments, one each term.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disabled

    ", + "

    You may be able to get extra help if you\u2019re disabled and a postgraduate student.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Social work bursaries are available to eligible social work students who:

    ", + "
  • don\u2019t get funding from their employer
    • ", + "
  • are studying an approved undergraduate or postgraduate course in social work
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t already have a higher education social work qualification
    • ", + "

    Your university or college will tell you if your course qualifies.

    ", + "

    Undergraduate students may also be able to get help from the main student finance \npackage - apply to Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible for a bursary if you\u2019re studying on an employment-based course including direct Open University courses.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You need to download forms from NHS Business Services Authority. The address to send the form is in the guidance notes.

    ", + "

    The deadline for 2017 to 2018 applications depends on when you start your course:

    ", + "Course starts | Application deadline", + "Autumn term | 1 November 2017", + "Winter term | 14 February 2018", + "

    Evidence needed

    ", + "

    You may need to prove your identity by sending both:

    ", + "
  • your birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • your passport (which must be valid)
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance", + "title": "Student finance", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be able to borrow money to help pay for university or college tuition fees and to help with living costs.\n\nYou might get extra money on top of this, for example if you\u2019re on a low income, are disabled or have children.\n\nIf you\u2019re a continuing student or you\u2019ve already created an account, log in to your account.\n\n## Before you apply\n\nYou start repaying once you earn over a certain amount. The size of your monthly repayments will depend on how much you earn, not what you owe.\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest on the loan from the day you take it out. The terms and conditions can change.\n\nThe rules are different if your course started before September 2012.\n\nRead the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFind out how to apply for student finance.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 25 and have no contact with your parents, you might be able to apply as an \u2018estranged student\u2019.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re a student from Scotland, Wales, or Northern Ireland. Contact the education authority if you live in the Channel Islands (Jersey and Guernsey) or Isle of Man.\n\nYou can give someone permission to act on your behalf (for example using Power of Attorney) if you want them to apply for you.\n\n## New full-time students\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and Maintenance Loan if your course starts on or after 1 August 2016.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\nIf you\u2019re studying an accelerated degree course, you could get up to \u00a311,100.\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nYou may have to give details of your household income.\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Living at home | Up to 7,747 | Up to \u00a37,987 |\n\n| Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a39,203 | Up to \u00a39,488 |\n\n| Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a312,010 | Up to \u00a312,382 |\n\n| You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a310,539 | Up to \u00a310,866 |\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance. You might need evidence of any changes.\n\nIf you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course you can apply for up to \u00a34,014.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to estimate your Maintenance Loan.\n\n## Applying during coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nRead the guidance for students during coronavirus for more information about:\n\n- changes in your household income\n\n- self-isolation stopping you from posting evidence\n\n- contacting the Student Loans Company\n\n## Coronavirus and maintenance loans\n\nYou do not need to tell SLC if your course has moved online, as long as your living arrangements stay the same. If they have changed, you must update your address in your online account.\n\n## Extra help with travel costs\n\nYou might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home. If you\u2019re a medical or dental student you might also qualify for help with the costs of attending clinical placements in the UK.\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n## Continuing full-time students\n\nWhat you\u2019re eligible for depends on when your course starts.\n\nYou may also be able to get extra help.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2016\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and a Maintenance Loan if your course starts on or after 1 August 2016.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nYou may have to give details of your household income.\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Living at home | Up to 7,747 | Up to \u00a37,987 |\n\n| Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a39,203 | Up to \u00a39,488 |\n\n| Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a312,010 | Up to \u00a312,382 |\n\n| You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a310,539 | Up to \u00a310,866 |\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements, including if you\u2019re no longer studying abroad in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance.\n\nIf you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course you can apply for up to \u00a34,014.\n\nIn your final year, you\u2019ll receive less money than you did in previous years.\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2016\n\nYou can apply for grants and loans if your course started before 1 August 2016.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nStudents aged 60 and over cannot apply. You may have to give details of your household income.\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements, including if you\u2019re no longer studying abroad in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Living at home | Up to \u00a35,247 | Up to \u00a35,410 |\n\n| Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a36,597 | Up to \u00a36,802 |\n\n| Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a39,205 | Up to \u00a39,490 |\n\n| You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a37,838 | Up to \u00a38,081 |\n\nIn your final year, you\u2019ll receive less money than you did in previous years.\n\n## Maintenance Grant for living costs\n\nYou have to give details of your household income and your course start date.\n\nThe grant is paid into your bank account at the start of each term. You do not have to pay it back, but any funds you get will reduce the Maintenance Loan you can get.\n\n## Special Support Grant\n\nYou may get a Special Support Grant instead of a Maintenance Grant if you get or qualify for:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- the housing element of Universal Credit\n\nThe amount you get is the same as the Maintenance Grant, but it will not reduce the Maintenance Loan you can get.\n\nYou may get the Special Support Grant if, for example, you\u2019re a lone parent or have certain disabilities.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you can get the grant when you apply for student finance.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Help with the costs of studying abroad\n\nYou might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home. If you\u2019re a medical or dental student you might also qualify for help with the costs of attending clinical placements in the UK.\n\n## Help during coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nRead the guidance for students during coronavirus for more information, including if:\n\n- your university or college is shut\n\n- your household income changes\n\n- you\u2019ll need to repeat or extend your studies\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n## Part-time students\n\nYou may be able to get a loan if your part-time course has a \u2018course intensity\u2019 of 25% or more.\n\n\u2018Course intensity\u2019 measures how much of your course you complete each year compared to an equivalent full-time course.\n\nYou can work this out by comparing your module credits with the number of module credits a full-time student will study. You\u2019ll be asked how many credits you\u2019ll study when you apply for the loan.\n\nCheck with your university or college if you\u2019re not sure.\n\nWhat you can apply for depends on when your course starts.\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance. You might need evidence of any changes.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and a Maintenance Loan.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\nYou can get up to \u00a36,935 in an academic year.\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nHow much you can get depends on:\n\n- where you live while studying\n\n- your household income\n\n- your course intensity\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account 2 weeks after the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\nYou can only apply for a Maintenance Loan as a Distance Learning student if you cannot attend your course in person because of a disability.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to estimate your Maintenance Loan.\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible for a Maintenance Loan if you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2018\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan.\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\nYou can get up to \u00a36,935 in an academic year.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## EU students\n\nYou may be able to get a Tuition Fee Loan and help with living costs if you\u2019re from an EU country, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to see what finance you can get.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\n| Full-time student at a private university or college | Up to \u00a36,165 | Up to \u00a36,165 |\n\n| Part-time student | Up to \u00a36,935 | Up to \u00a36,935 |\n\n| Part-time student at a private university or college | Up to \u00a34,625 | Up to \u00a34,625 |\n\nUse the student finance calculator to estimate your Tuition Fee Loan.\n\n## Help with living costs\n\nYou may be eligible for help with your living costs if both the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in the UK for more than 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course\n\n- you have settled status\n\nAcademic years start on 1 September, 1 January, 1 April or 1 July. Ask someone who runs your course if you do not know which one applies.\n\n## Student Finance from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re\u00a0starting a course\u00a0on\u00a0or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nIf you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study here.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n## Extra help\n\nCheck on the student finance calculator to see what extra help you might be able to get.\n\n## Students on a low income\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\n## Students with children or dependent adults\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- Childcare Grant - full-time students only\n\n- Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance - full-time students only\n\n- Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant - full-time students only\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\n## Disabled students\n\nIf you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (such as dyslexia) you can apply for:\n\n- Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\nYou may also qualify for disability related benefits.\n\n## Medical, social work and teacher training students\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- NHS bursaries if you\u2019re studying certain medical, dentistry or healthcare courses\n\n- help with costs of travel to UK clinical placements if you\u2019re studying a medical, dentistry or healthcare course\n\n- social work bursaries if you\u2019re a social work student\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re a teacher training student\n\n## Students studying abroad\n\nYou might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home.\n\n## Help from your university or college\n\nMany universities and colleges offer extra money directly to students.\n\n## Funding from charitable trusts\n\nUse the Turn2us grant search to check whether you qualify for funding from a charitable trust.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify for student finance depends on:\n\n- your university or college\n\n- your course\n\n- if you\u2019ve studied a higher education course before\n\n- your age\n\n- your nationality or residency status\n\n## Your university or college\n\nThis should be a university, college or other institution that offers a qualifying course.\n\n## Your course\n\nCheck with the university or college that your course is recognised.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying full-time\n\nYou may be eligible for student finance if your course is in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- a Foundation Degree\n\n- a Certificate of Higher Education\n\n- a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)\n\n- a Higher National Certificate (HNC)\n\n- a Higher National Diploma (HND)\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training course\n\n- an integrated master\u2019s degree\n\n- a pre-registration postgraduate healthcare course\n\nCheck on the student finance calculator to find out which loans and grants you could be eligible for.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying part-time\n\nYour course needs a \u2018course intensity\u2019 of 25% or more for you to be eligible for student finance.\n\nYou\u2019ll be eligible for a Tuition Fee Loan if your course is in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- a Foundation Degree\n\n- a Certificate of Higher Education\n\n- a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)\n\n- a Higher National Certificate (HNC)\n\n- a Higher National Diploma (HND)\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training course\n\n- an integrated master\u2019s degree\n\nYou\u2019ll be eligible for a Maintenance Loan if your course is in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training course (if it\u2019s degree level or above)\n\n- an integrated master\u2019s degree\n\n- a Foundation Degree in dental hygiene and dental therapy\n\n- a DipHE in dental hygiene and dental therapy or operating department practice\n\n## If you\u2019ve studied before\n\nYou\u2019ll usually only get student finance if you\u2019re doing your first higher education qualification - even if your previous course was self-funded. You may still be eligible for limited funding in certain circumstances and for some courses.\n\n## If you changed course, stopped your studies or are repeating a year\n\nIf you stopped your course within the first year, you\u2019ll get funding for the same course or a new course when you go back.\n\nYou might also get funding if you:\n\n- suspended your course or withdrew before it finished - and you\u2019re going back to study any course\n\n- are repeating a year of your course at the same university, college, or institution.\n\nIf you stopped your studies for a personal reason (for example, you were ill or pregnant) you might get funding for all of your course - you should apply online with supporting evidence.\n\nYou can calculate the amount you will get by taking the total number of years of the course you are applying for and adding one year. Then take away the number of years you studied for. If you studied for part of a year you should count it as a whole year.\n\n## If you already have a degree\n\nYou may be eligible for limited funding in certain circumstances.\n\nYou may get limited funding if you\u2019re \u2018topping up\u2019 a higher education qualification, for example you\u2019ve finished an HNC, HND or Foundation Degree and now want to do an Honours degree.\n\nYou may also get limited funding if you hold an Honours degree or a higher level of qualification and start a new course. This could be a part-time Honours degree, a joint Honours degree or an Integrated Master\u2019s degree in one of the following (or 2 if it\u2019s a joint Honours degree):\n\n- agriculture and related subjects\n\n- architecture (if it\u2019s a MArch RIBA Part 2 course)\n\n- biological sciences\n\n- computer science\n\n- mathematical sciences\n\n- medicine and allied subjects\n\n- physical sciences\n\n- technologies\n\n- courses leading to qualification as a veterinary surgeon\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re starting a healthcare course on or after 1 August 2017.\n\n## Your age\n\nThere\u2019s no upper age limit for Tuition Fee Loans or grants.\n\n## If you\u2019re 60 or over\n\nYou may get limited funding for Maintenance Loans if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your \ncourse\n\n- you\u2019re studying full-time\n\n- your course started on or after 1 August 2016\n\nThe amount you can apply for depends on your household income.\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nYou may be able to get help with:\n\n- your tuition fees and living costs (full support)\n\n- your tuition fees\n\nThe type of help you can get depends on your nationality and residency status.\n\n## When you\u2019re eligible for full support\n\nYou can apply for full support if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a UK or Irish citizen or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- you normally live in England\n\n- you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday\n\nYou may be eligible for full support if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who:\n\n- returned to the UK by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years\n\nYou may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:\n\n- refugee (including family members)\n\n- humanitarian protection (including family members)\n\n- migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein (including family members) with settled or pre-settled status\n\n- child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- a stateless person (including family members)\n\n- an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment\n\n- a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain\n\n- a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ve been given settled status (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:\n\n- under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years\n\n- 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\nYou must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.\n\n## When you can apply for help with your tuition fees\n\nYou can apply for tuition fee funding if you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland for the past 3 years and you have one of the following:\n\n- pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re an EU national or the family member of an EU national\n\n- pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re the family member of an Irish citizen or person of Northern Ireland\n\n- Irish citizenship\n\n- Gibraltarian status as an EU national\n\n- been living in Gibraltar as a UK national\n\nIf you\u2019re an Irish citizen, you\u2019re still eligible to apply if you\u2019ve lived in the UK and Ireland in the 3 years before your course.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to see what finance you can get.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Apply\n\nFind out how to apply for student finance.\n\n## Parents or partners of students\n\nConfirm your income if you\u2019re the student\u2019s parent or partner.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to borrow money to help pay for university or college tuition fees and to help with living costs.

    ", + "

    You might get extra money on top of this, for example if you\u2019re on a low income, are disabled or have children.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a continuing student or you\u2019ve already created an account, log in to your account.

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    You start repaying once you earn over a certain amount. The size of your monthly repayments will depend on how much you earn, not what you owe.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged interest on the loan from the day you take it out. The terms and conditions can change.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if your course started before September 2012.

    ", + "

    Read the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for student finance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 25 and have no contact with your parents, you might be able to apply as an \u2018estranged student\u2019.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re a student from Scotland, Wales, or Northern Ireland. Contact the education authority if you live in the Channel Islands (Jersey and Guernsey) or Isle of Man.

    ", + "

    You can give someone permission to act on your behalf (for example using Power of Attorney) if you want them to apply for you.

    ", + "

    New full-time students

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and Maintenance Loan if your course starts on or after 1 August 2016.

    ", + "

    Tuition Fee Loan

    ", + "

    Your university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.

    ", + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250", + "

    If you\u2019re studying an accelerated degree course, you could get up to \u00a311,100.

    ", + "

    Maintenance Loan for living costs

    ", + "

    You may have to give details of your household income.

    ", + "

    The loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.

    ", + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Living at home | Up to 7,747 | Up to \u00a37,987", + "Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a39,203 | Up to \u00a39,488", + "Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a312,010 | Up to \u00a312,382", + "You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a310,539 | Up to \u00a310,866", + "

    You must report any changes to your living arrangements in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance. You might need evidence of any changes.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course you can apply for up to \u00a34,014.

    ", + "

    Use the student finance calculator to estimate your Maintenance Loan.

    ", + "

    Applying during coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Read the guidance for students during coronavirus for more information about:

    ", + "
  • changes in your household income
    • ", + "
  • self-isolation stopping you from posting evidence
    • ", + "
  • contacting the Student Loans Company
    • ", + "

    Coronavirus and maintenance loans

    ", + "

    You do not need to tell SLC if your course has moved online, as long as your living arrangements stay the same. If they have changed, you must update your address in your online account.

    ", + "

    Extra help with travel costs

    ", + "

    You might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home. If you\u2019re a medical or dental student you might also qualify for help with the costs of attending clinical placements in the UK.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    2021 to 2022 academic year

    ", + "

    Continuing full-time students

    ", + "

    What you\u2019re eligible for depends on when your course starts.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get extra help.

    ", + "

    If your course starts on or after 1 August 2016

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and a Maintenance Loan if your course starts on or after 1 August 2016.

    ", + "

    Tuition Fee Loan

    ", + "

    Your university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.

    ", + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250", + "

    Maintenance Loan for living costs

    ", + "

    You may have to give details of your household income.

    ", + "

    The loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of term. You have to pay the loan back.

    ", + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Living at home | Up to 7,747 | Up to \u00a37,987", + "Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a39,203 | Up to \u00a39,488", + "Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a312,010 | Up to \u00a312,382", + "You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a310,539 | Up to \u00a310,866", + "

    You must report any changes to your living arrangements, including if you\u2019re no longer studying abroad in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course you can apply for up to \u00a34,014.

    ", + "

    In your final year, you\u2019ll receive less money than you did in previous years.

    ", + "

    If your course started before 1 August 2016

    ", + "

    You can apply for grants and loans if your course started before 1 August 2016.

    ", + "

    Tuition Fee Loan

    ", + "

    Your university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.

    ", + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250", + "

    Maintenance Loan for living costs

    ", + "

    Students aged 60 and over cannot apply. You may have to give details of your household income.

    ", + "

    The loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.

    ", + "

    You must report any changes to your living arrangements, including if you\u2019re no longer studying abroad in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance.

    ", + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Living at home | Up to \u00a35,247 | Up to \u00a35,410", + "Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a36,597 | Up to \u00a36,802", + "Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a39,205 | Up to \u00a39,490", + "You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a37,838 | Up to \u00a38,081", + "

    In your final year, you\u2019ll receive less money than you did in previous years.

    ", + "

    Maintenance Grant for living costs

    ", + "

    You have to give details of your household income and your course start date.

    ", + "

    The grant is paid into your bank account at the start of each term. You do not have to pay it back, but any funds you get will reduce the Maintenance Loan you can get.

    ", + "

    Special Support Grant

    ", + "

    You may get a Special Support Grant instead of a Maintenance Grant if you get or qualify for:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • the housing element of Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    The amount you get is the same as the Maintenance Grant, but it will not reduce the Maintenance Loan you can get.

    ", + "

    You may get the Special Support Grant if, for example, you\u2019re a lone parent or have certain disabilities.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if you can get the grant when you apply for student finance.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Apply for student finance or find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    Help with the costs of studying abroad

    ", + "

    You might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home. If you\u2019re a medical or dental student you might also qualify for help with the costs of attending clinical placements in the UK.

    ", + "

    Help during coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Read the guidance for students during coronavirus for more information, including if:

    ", + "
  • your university or college is shut
    • ", + "
  • your household income changes
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll need to repeat or extend your studies
    • ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    2021 to 2022 academic year

    ", + "

    Part-time students

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a loan if your part-time course has a \u2018course intensity\u2019 of 25% or more.

    ", + "

    \u2018Course intensity\u2019 measures how much of your course you complete each year compared to an equivalent full-time course.

    ", + "

    You can work this out by comparing your module credits with the number of module credits a full-time student will study. You\u2019ll be asked how many credits you\u2019ll study when you apply for the loan.

    ", + "

    Check with your university or college if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    What you can apply for depends on when your course starts.

    ", + "

    You must report any changes to your living arrangements in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance. You might need evidence of any changes.

    ", + "

    If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and a Maintenance Loan.

    ", + "

    Tuition Fee Loan

    ", + "

    Your university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.

    ", + "

    You can get up to \u00a36,935 in an academic year.

    ", + "

    Maintenance Loan for living costs

    ", + "

    How much you can get depends on:

    ", + "
  • where you live while studying
    • ", + "
  • your household income
    • ", + "
  • your course intensity
    • ", + "

    The loan is paid directly into your bank account 2 weeks after the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a Maintenance Loan as a Distance Learning student if you cannot attend your course in person because of a disability.

    ", + "

    Use the student finance calculator to estimate your Maintenance Loan.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible for a Maintenance Loan if you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course.

    ", + "

    If your course started before 1 August 2018

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan.

    ", + "

    Your university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.

    ", + "

    You can get up to \u00a36,935 in an academic year.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Apply for student finance or find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    EU students

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a Tuition Fee Loan and help with living costs if you\u2019re from an EU country, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Use the student finance calculator to see what finance you can get.

    ", + "

    Tuition Fee Loan

    ", + "

    Your university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.

    ", + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250", + "Full-time student at a private university or college | Up to \u00a36,165 | Up to \u00a36,165", + "Part-time student | Up to \u00a36,935 | Up to \u00a36,935", + "Part-time student at a private university or college | Up to \u00a34,625 | Up to \u00a34,625", + "

    Use the student finance calculator to estimate your Tuition Fee Loan.

    ", + "

    Help with living costs

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for help with your living costs if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived in the UK for more than 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course
    • ", + "
  • you have settled status
    • ", + "

    Academic years start on 1 September, 1 January, 1 April or 1 July. Ask someone who runs your course if you do not know which one applies.

    ", + "

    Student Finance from August 2021

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re\u00a0starting a course\u00a0on\u00a0or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study here.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Apply for student finance or find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    2020 to 2021 academic year

    ", + "

    2021 to 2022 academic year

    ", + "

    Extra help

    ", + "

    Check on the student finance calculator to see what extra help you might be able to get.

    ", + "

    Students on a low income

    ", + "

    You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship
    • ", + "

    Students with children or dependent adults

    ", + "

    You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • Childcare Grant - full-time students only
    • ", + "
  • Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance - full-time students only
    • ", + "
  • Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant - full-time students only
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship
    • ", + "

    Disabled students

    ", + "

    If you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (such as dyslexia) you can apply for:

    ", + "
  • Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance
    • ", + "
  • extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship
    • ", + "

    You may also qualify for disability related benefits.

    ", + "

    Medical, social work and teacher training students

    ", + "

    You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • NHS bursaries if you\u2019re studying certain medical, dentistry or healthcare courses
    • ", + "
  • help with costs of travel to UK clinical placements if you\u2019re studying a medical, dentistry or healthcare course
    • ", + "
  • social work bursaries if you\u2019re a social work student
    • ", + "
  • extra help if you\u2019re a teacher training student
    • ", + "

    Students studying abroad

    ", + "

    You might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home.

    ", + "

    Help from your university or college

    ", + "

    Many universities and colleges offer extra money directly to students.

    ", + "

    Funding from charitable trusts

    ", + "

    Use the Turn2us grant search to check whether you qualify for funding from a charitable trust.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Whether you qualify for student finance depends on:

    ", + "
  • your university or college
    • ", + "
  • your course
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019ve studied a higher education course before
    • ", + "
  • your age
    • ", + "
  • your nationality or residency status
    • ", + "

    Your university or college

    ", + "

    This should be a university, college or other institution that offers a qualifying course.

    ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    Check with the university or college that your course is recognised.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying full-time

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for student finance if your course is in the UK and one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd
    • ", + "
  • a Foundation Degree
    • ", + "
  • a Certificate of Higher Education
    • ", + "
  • a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Certificate (HNC)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Diploma (HND)
    • ", + "
  • an Initial Teacher Training course
    • ", + "
  • an integrated master\u2019s degree
    • ", + "
  • a pre-registration postgraduate healthcare course
    • ", + "

    Check on the student finance calculator to find out which loans and grants you could be eligible for.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying part-time

    ", + "

    Your course needs a \u2018course intensity\u2019 of 25% or more for you to be eligible for student finance.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be eligible for a Tuition Fee Loan if your course is in the UK and one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd
    • ", + "
  • a Foundation Degree
    • ", + "
  • a Certificate of Higher Education
    • ", + "
  • a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Certificate (HNC)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Diploma (HND)
    • ", + "
  • an Initial Teacher Training course
    • ", + "
  • an integrated master\u2019s degree
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be eligible for a Maintenance Loan if your course is in the UK and one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd
    • ", + "
  • an Initial Teacher Training course (if it\u2019s degree level or above)
    • ", + "
  • an integrated master\u2019s degree
    • ", + "
  • a Foundation Degree in dental hygiene and dental therapy
    • ", + "
  • a DipHE in dental hygiene and dental therapy or operating department practice
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve studied before

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually only get student finance if you\u2019re doing your first higher education qualification - even if your previous course was self-funded. You may still be eligible for limited funding in certain circumstances and for some courses.

    ", + "

    If you changed course, stopped your studies or are repeating a year

    ", + "

    If you stopped your course within the first year, you\u2019ll get funding for the same course or a new course when you go back.

    ", + "

    You might also get funding if you:

    ", + "
  • suspended your course or withdrew before it finished - and you\u2019re going back to study any course
    • ", + "
  • are repeating a year of your course at the same university, college, or institution.
    • ", + "

    If you stopped your studies for a personal reason (for example, you were ill or pregnant) you might get funding for all of your course - you should apply online with supporting evidence.

    ", + "

    You can calculate the amount you will get by taking the total number of years of the course you are applying for and adding one year. Then take away the number of years you studied for. If you studied for part of a year you should count it as a whole year.

    ", + "

    If you already have a degree

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for limited funding in certain circumstances.

    ", + "

    You may get limited funding if you\u2019re \u2018topping up\u2019 a higher education qualification, for example you\u2019ve finished an HNC, HND or Foundation Degree and now want to do an Honours degree.

    ", + "

    You may also get limited funding if you hold an Honours degree or a higher level of qualification and start a new course. This could be a part-time Honours degree, a joint Honours degree or an Integrated Master\u2019s degree in one of the following (or 2 if it\u2019s a joint Honours degree):

    ", + "
  • agriculture and related subjects
    • ", + "
  • architecture (if it\u2019s a MArch RIBA Part 2 course)
    • ", + "
  • biological sciences
    • ", + "
  • computer science
    • ", + "
  • mathematical sciences
    • ", + "
  • medicine and allied subjects
    • ", + "
  • physical sciences
    • ", + "
  • technologies
    • ", + "
  • courses leading to qualification as a veterinary surgeon
    • ", + "

    You could also be eligible if you\u2019re starting a healthcare course on or after 1 August 2017.

    ", + "

    Your age

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no upper age limit for Tuition Fee Loans or grants.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 60 or over

    ", + "

    You may get limited funding for Maintenance Loans if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your \ncourse
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re studying full-time
    • ", + "
  • your course started on or after 1 August 2016
    • ", + "

    The amount you can apply for depends on your household income.

    ", + "

    Your nationality or residency status

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with:

    ", + "
  • your tuition fees and living costs (full support)
    • ", + "
  • your tuition fees
    • ", + "

    The type of help you can get depends on your nationality and residency status.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re eligible for full support

    ", + "

    You can apply for full support if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK or Irish citizen or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (no restrictions on how long you can stay)
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in England
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday
    • ", + "

    You may be eligible for full support if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who:

    ", + "
  • returned to the UK by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years
    • ", + "

    You may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:

    ", + "
  • refugee (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • humanitarian protection (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein (including family members) with settled or pre-settled status
    • ", + "
  • child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • a stateless person (including family members)
    • ", + "
  • an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment
    • ", + "
  • a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain
    • ", + "
  • a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given settled status (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner
    • ", + "

    You could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:

    ", + "
  • under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years
    • ", + "
  • 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)
    • ", + "

    You must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.

    ", + "

    When you can apply for help with your tuition fees

    ", + "

    You can apply for tuition fee funding if you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland for the past 3 years and you have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re an EU national or the family member of an EU national
    • ", + "
  • pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re the family member of an Irish citizen or person of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Irish citizenship
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltarian status as an EU national
    • ", + "
  • been living in Gibraltar as a UK national
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an Irish citizen, you\u2019re still eligible to apply if you\u2019ve lived in the UK and Ireland in the 3 years before your course.

    ", + "

    Use the student finance calculator to see what finance you can get.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Apply for student finance or find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for student finance.

    ", + "

    Parents or partners of students

    ", + "

    Confirm your income if you\u2019re the student\u2019s parent or partner.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance-if-you-suspend-or-leave": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance-if-you-suspend-or-leave", + "title": "Student finance if you suspend or leave your course", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you leave or suspend your studies you must:\n\n- stop your student finance\n\n- repay any student finance you are not entitled to\n\nYour student finance includes:\n\n- Maintenance Loans\n\n- Tuition Fee Loans\n\n- grants and bursaries\n\nHow much you need to repay and when you need to repay it depends on:\n\n- what type of student finance you have\n\n- when in the academic year you leave your course\n\n- whether you\u2019re planning to return to your course or not\n\nIf you suspend because of illness or another serious personal reason, you might still be able to get student finance while you\u2019re away.\n\n## Stopping your student finance\n\nYou must stop your student finance payments as soon as you decide to suspend your studies or leave your course early.\n\nThis will reduce any repayments you may need to make.\n\nStudent finance covers:\n\n- Maintenance Loans\n\n- Tuition Fee Loans\n\n- grants and bursaries\n\n## How to stop your student finance payments\n\nYou must:\n\n- tell your university or college that you\u2019re leaving or suspending your course\n\n- contact Student Finance England if you\u2019re a student from England\n\nThe way to make contact is different if you\u2019re a student from:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nIf you suspend your studies you can usually postpone your student finance payments until you return.\n\n## Repaying your student finance\n\nHow much and when you have to repay depends on:\n\n- the type of student finance you have\n\n- when in the academic year you leave your course\n\n- whether you\u2019re planning to return to your course or not\n\nYour university or college will tell your student finance provider the date you finished your studies.\n\n## Maintenance Loans\n\nYour student finance provider will reassess your Maintenance Loan based on the number of days you attended your course.\n\nIf any of your loan covers the period after you\u2019ve left your course, this counts as an overpayment and you\u2019ll need to repay it straight away.\n\nThe Student Loans Company will write and tell you how much you must repay. If you cannot repay the full amount, you can ask them to set up a repayment plan.\n\nThe rest of your Maintenance Loan is repaid in the usual way once you start earning over the threshold amount.\n\n## If you\u2019re planning to return to your studies\n\nThe amount you were overpaid will usually be taken off your student finance payments when you return, so you do not have to repay straight away.\n\n## Grants and bursaries\n\nIf any of your grant or bursary covers the period after you\u2019ve left your course, this counts as an overpayment and you\u2019ll need to repay it straight away.\n\nThere are exceptions for:\n\n- childcare grants taken in or after the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n- grants taken in or before the 2016 to 2017 academic year\n\nYou do not have to pay back overpayments on these grants until you\u2019ve finished your course.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loans\n\nYou\u2019ll need to repay at least some of your Tuition Fee loan for the year that you suspend or leave your course.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay back:\n\n- 25% of the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 1\n\n- 50% of the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 2\n\n- all the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 3\n\nThis is repaid in the usual way once you start earning over the threshold amount.\n\n## Getting student finance while you suspend your studies\n\nYou might be able to get student finance while you\u2019re away from your course if you suspend due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason.\n\nYou might also be able to get Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances.\n\nYou can apply for funding if you return to your studies.\n\n## If you suspend because you\u2019re seriously ill\n\nYou might be able to get a Maintenance Loan for 60 days after you suspend your course.\n\nYour university or college must tell the Student Loans Company (SLC) about your situation.\n\n## Apply for extra money\n\nIf you\u2019re having financial difficulties after 60 days you might be able to get more Maintenance Loan.\n\nApply to Student Finance England with:\n\n- a covering letter explaining your situation, including your customer reference number\n\n- evidence to support your claim, such as a bank statement or copy of your tenancy agreement\n\nThe address you send your application to is different if you\u2019re a student from:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nYou might also be able to get extra money from your university or college hardship fund.\n\n## If you suspend for another serious personal reason\n\nYou might still be able to get a Maintenance Loan for some or all the time you\u2019re away from your studies.\n\nApply to Student Finance England with:\n\n- a letter explaining why you have to suspend your course, including your customer reference number and the academic year it relates to\n\n- evidence to support your claim\n\nSupporting evidence includes things like:\n\n- a letter from your doctor or social services\n\n- a letter from your university or college\n\n- a bank statement\n\nThe address you send your application to is different if you\u2019re a student from:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nYou might need to send more than one piece of evidence.\n\nSLC will send you a letter explaining how much loan money you can get. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you leave or suspend your studies you must:

    ", + "
  • stop your student finance
    • ", + "
  • repay any student finance you are not entitled to
    • ", + "

    Your student finance includes:

    ", + "
  • Maintenance Loans
    • ", + "
  • Tuition Fee Loans
    • ", + "
  • grants and bursaries
    • ", + "

    How much you need to repay and when you need to repay it depends on:

    ", + "
  • what type of student finance you have
    • ", + "
  • when in the academic year you leave your course
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re planning to return to your course or not
    • ", + "

    If you suspend because of illness or another serious personal reason, you might still be able to get student finance while you\u2019re away.

    ", + "

    Stopping your student finance

    ", + "

    You must stop your student finance payments as soon as you decide to suspend your studies or leave your course early.

    ", + "

    This will reduce any repayments you may need to make.

    ", + "

    Student finance covers:

    ", + "
  • Maintenance Loans
    • ", + "
  • Tuition Fee Loans
    • ", + "
  • grants and bursaries
    • ", + "

    How to stop your student finance payments

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • tell your university or college that you\u2019re leaving or suspending your course
    • ", + "
  • contact Student Finance England if you\u2019re a student from England
    • ", + "

    The way to make contact is different if you\u2019re a student from:

    ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    If you suspend your studies you can usually postpone your student finance payments until you return.

    ", + "

    Repaying your student finance

    ", + "

    How much and when you have to repay depends on:

    ", + "
  • the type of student finance you have
    • ", + "
  • when in the academic year you leave your course
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re planning to return to your course or not
    • ", + "

    Your university or college will tell your student finance provider the date you finished your studies.

    ", + "

    Maintenance Loans

    ", + "

    Your student finance provider will reassess your Maintenance Loan based on the number of days you attended your course.

    ", + "

    If any of your loan covers the period after you\u2019ve left your course, this counts as an overpayment and you\u2019ll need to repay it straight away.

    ", + "

    The Student Loans Company will write and tell you how much you must repay. If you cannot repay the full amount, you can ask them to set up a repayment plan.

    ", + "

    The rest of your Maintenance Loan is repaid in the usual way once you start earning over the threshold amount.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re planning to return to your studies

    ", + "

    The amount you were overpaid will usually be taken off your student finance payments when you return, so you do not have to repay straight away.

    ", + "

    Grants and bursaries

    ", + "

    If any of your grant or bursary covers the period after you\u2019ve left your course, this counts as an overpayment and you\u2019ll need to repay it straight away.

    ", + "

    There are exceptions for:

    ", + "
  • childcare grants taken in or after the 2019 to 2020 academic year
    • ", + "
  • grants taken in or before the 2016 to 2017 academic year
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay back overpayments on these grants until you\u2019ve finished your course.

    ", + "

    Tuition Fee Loans

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to repay at least some of your Tuition Fee loan for the year that you suspend or leave your course.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay back:

    ", + "
  • 25% of the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 1
    • ", + "
  • 50% of the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 2
    • ", + "
  • all the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 3
    • ", + "

    This is repaid in the usual way once you start earning over the threshold amount.

    ", + "

    Getting student finance while you suspend your studies

    ", + "

    You might be able to get student finance while you\u2019re away from your course if you suspend due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to get Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances.

    ", + "

    You can apply for funding if you return to your studies.

    ", + "

    If you suspend because you\u2019re seriously ill

    ", + "

    You might be able to get a Maintenance Loan for 60 days after you suspend your course.

    ", + "

    Your university or college must tell the Student Loans Company (SLC) about your situation.

    ", + "

    Apply for extra money

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re having financial difficulties after 60 days you might be able to get more Maintenance Loan.

    ", + "

    Apply to Student Finance England with:

    ", + "
  • a covering letter explaining your situation, including your customer reference number
    • ", + "
  • evidence to support your claim, such as a bank statement or copy of your tenancy agreement
    • ", + "

    The address you send your application to is different if you\u2019re a student from:

    ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You might also be able to get extra money from your university or college hardship fund.

    ", + "

    If you suspend for another serious personal reason

    ", + "

    You might still be able to get a Maintenance Loan for some or all the time you\u2019re away from your studies.

    ", + "

    Apply to Student Finance England with:

    ", + "
  • a letter explaining why you have to suspend your course, including your customer reference number and the academic year it relates to
    • ", + "
  • evidence to support your claim
    • ", + "

    Supporting evidence includes things like:

    ", + "
  • a letter from your doctor or social services
    • ", + "
  • a letter from your university or college
    • ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "

    The address you send your application to is different if you\u2019re a student from:

    ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You might need to send more than one piece of evidence.

    ", + "

    SLC will send you a letter explaining how much loan money you can get. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-student-finance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-student-finance", + "title": "Student finance: how to apply", + "content": "## How to apply\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you have studied before and your nationality.\n\n## New students from England\n\nMost full-time and part-time students can apply online to Student Finance England.\n\n- Set up a student finance online account.\n\n- Log in and complete the online application.\n\n- Include your household income if needed. Your parent or partner will be asked to confirm these details.\n\n- Send in proof of identity, if needed.\n\nIf you cannot apply online, use the form finder to get the forms you need. You can call Student Finance England if you want to apply online but you cannot use a computer without help.\n\n## Continuing students from England\n\nYou\u2019re a continuing student if you are:\n\n- moving on to the next year of your course\n\n- repeating a year of the same course or returning to a course after taking time out\n\n- transferring onto a new course from your old course\n\nYou should log in to your student finance account and apply online.\n\n## If you\u2019re returning to study after taking time out for personal reasons\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you have studied for more than one year before and you\u2019re going back to your studies after stopping your course because of personal reasons. This could be for things like if you were ill, pregnant, caring for someone or someone close to you died.\n\nYou should log in to your student finance account and apply online.\n\nYou must also send a letter explaining why you suspended your studies with supporting evidence.\n\nThe letter must include:\n\n- your customer reference number for student finance\n\n- an explanation of your situation and why you had to suspend your studies\n\nSupporting evidence can include:\n\n- a letter from your doctor or social services on headed paper\n\n- a letter from your university or college on headed paper\n\n- copies of birth or death certificates\n\nYou might need to send more than one piece of evidence if it helps you to show why you stopped your course.\n\nUse your online account to send the letter and evidence to Student Finance England, or send it by post.\n\nStudent Finance England will send you a letter confirming how much you\u2019ll get, usually within 8 weeks.\n\n## Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for students from Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## New EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, apply online.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, apply by post.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter confirming how much you\u2019ll get, usually within 6 weeks.\n\n## Continuing EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, apply online.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you\u2019ll be sent application forms to fill in and return by post. Check your address is up to date in your student finance account.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou can apply for the following academic years:\n\n- 2021 to 2022 (part-time students can apply from summer 2021)\n\n- 2020 to 2021\n\nYou can still apply for funding up to 9 months after the first day of the academic year for your course.\n\n| Course start date | Apply by |\n\n| Between 1 August and 31 December | 31 May after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 January and 31 March | 30 September after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 April and 30 June | 31 December after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 July and 31 July | 31 March after your course started |\n\nYou do not need a confirmed place to apply.\n\n## EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU student applying for 2021 to 2022, when and how you apply depends on the type of support you want.\n\n## Full-time students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, you can apply online now.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you can apply by post now.\n\n## Part-time students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, you can apply online from summer 2021.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you can apply by post from summer 2021.\n\n## Proof of identity\n\n## Students from England\n\nInclude your valid UK passport details in your application the first time you apply. Fill in the passport details form - do not send the passport itself.\n\n| Academic year | Form |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | UK passport details form 2021 to 2022 (PDF, 49KB) |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | UK passport details form 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 41KB) |\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\n## EU students\n\nSend your non-UK passport or identity card the first time you apply.\n\n## Where to send your documents\n\nAny original documents you send will be returned to you within 4 weeks.\n\n## Students from England\n\n## EU students\n\n## Household income\n\nYou must provide your household income if you apply for any of the following:\n\n- full Maintenance Loan\n\n- Maintenance Grant - not available if your course started on or after 1 August 2016\n\n- Special Support Grant - not available if your course started on or after 1 August 2016\n\n- Childcare Grant\n\n- Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant\n\n- Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide your household income for tax year:\n\n- 2019 to 2020 if you\u2019re applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- 2018 to 2019 if you\u2019re applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nAfter you apply, Student Finance England will ask the people in your household to confirm their income. They might need to provide evidence.\n\n## What counts as household income\n\nYour household income includes any of the following that apply:\n\n- your parents\u2019 income, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially\n\n- the combined income of one of your parents and their partner, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially\n\n- your partner\u2019s income, if you\u2019re over 25 and live with them (even if they spend most of their time abroad)\n\n- income you get from your own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent\n\nIf you\u2019ve supported yourself financially for at least 3 years or had no contact with your parents for over a year, you might be able to apply as an \u2018independent student\u2019.\n\n## Change an application\n\nYou must say if any details in your application change. You\u2019ll need to report some changes yourself. Your parents, partner or sponsor will need to report others.\n\n## Changes you must report\n\n## Full time students\n\nUse your online account to tell Student Finance England if:\n\n- you\u2019ve changed your course, university or college\n\n- you\u2019re repeating a year\n\n- you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\n- your Tuition Fee Loan amount has changed\n\n- you\u2019re living somewhere new\n\n## Part-time students and EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re a part-time or EU student, you\u2019ll need to fill in form CO2 or EUCO1 instead.\n\n| | Student type | Form |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 academic year | Part-time student | CO2 form for 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 94KB) |\n\n| 2019 to 2020 academic year | Part-time student | CO2 form for 2019 to 2020 (PDF, 85KB) |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 academic year | EU student | EUCO1 form for 2021 to 2022 (PDF, 136KB) |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 academic year | EU student | EUCO1 form for 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 146KB) |\n\nUse your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post. The address is on the form.\n\nAfter your course starts you can contact your university or college to change or repeat your course or change your Tuition Fee Loan.\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\nYou must write and tell Student Finance England if you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status. The letter must include:\n\n- your customer reference number\n\n- the date\n\n- your signature\n\n- evidence that you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\nIf you\u2019ve changed your name you must include a copy of one of the following with your letter:\n\n- marriage certificate\n\n- decree absolute\n\n- change of name deed - it must be an enrolled deed poll\n\nIf you\u2019ve changed your marital status, you must include a copy of one of the following with your letter:\n\n- marriage certificate\n\n- decree absolute\n\n- civil partnership final order\n\nUse your online account to send the letter and evidence to Student Finance England, or send it by post.\n\nIf you cannot provide the right document, contact Student Finance England.\n\n## Changes your parents, partner or sponsor must report\n\n## If your household income changes\n\nYour parents or partner must:\n\n- correct any mistakes relating to their household income\n\n- tell Student Finance England if they think their household income will be at least 15% lower than the tax year they submitted details for\n\n## If your parents or sponsor have another child\n\nYour parents or sponsor must tell Student Finance England if they have any more children.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you have studied before and your nationality.

    ", + "

    New students from England

    ", + "

    Most full-time and part-time students can apply online to Student Finance England.

    ", + "
  • Set up a student finance online account.
    • ", + "
  • Log in and complete the online application.
    • ", + "
  • Include your household income if needed. Your parent or partner will be asked to confirm these details.
    • ", + "
  • Send in proof of identity, if needed.
    • ", + "

    If you cannot apply online, use the form finder to get the forms you need. You can call Student Finance England if you want to apply online but you cannot use a computer without help.

    ", + "

    Continuing students from England

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a continuing student if you are:

    ", + "
  • moving on to the next year of your course
    • ", + "
  • repeating a year of the same course or returning to a course after taking time out
    • ", + "
  • transferring onto a new course from your old course
    • ", + "

    You should log in to your student finance account and apply online.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re returning to study after taking time out for personal reasons

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you have studied for more than one year before and you\u2019re going back to your studies after stopping your course because of personal reasons. This could be for things like if you were ill, pregnant, caring for someone or someone close to you died.

    ", + "

    You should log in to your student finance account and apply online.

    ", + "

    You must also send a letter explaining why you suspended your studies with supporting evidence.

    ", + "

    The letter must include:

    ", + "
  • your customer reference number for student finance
    • ", + "
  • an explanation of your situation and why you had to suspend your studies
    • ", + "

    Supporting evidence can include:

    ", + "
  • a letter from your doctor or social services on headed paper
    • ", + "
  • a letter from your university or college on headed paper
    • ", + "
  • copies of birth or death certificates
    • ", + "

    You might need to send more than one piece of evidence if it helps you to show why you stopped your course.

    ", + "

    Use your online account to send the letter and evidence to Student Finance England, or send it by post.

    ", + "

    Student Finance England will send you a letter confirming how much you\u2019ll get, usually within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process for students from Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    New EU students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, apply online.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, apply by post.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter confirming how much you\u2019ll get, usually within 6 weeks.

    ", + "

    Continuing EU students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, apply online.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you\u2019ll be sent application forms to fill in and return by post. Check your address is up to date in your student finance account.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for the following academic years:

    ", + "
  • 2021 to 2022 (part-time students can apply from summer 2021)
    • ", + "
  • 2020 to 2021
    • ", + "

    You can still apply for funding up to 9 months after the first day of the academic year for your course.

    ", + "Course start date | Apply by", + "Between 1 August and 31 December | 31 May after your course started", + "Between 1 January and 31 March | 30 September after your course started", + "Between 1 April and 30 June | 31 December after your course started", + "Between 1 July and 31 July | 31 March after your course started", + "

    You do not need a confirmed place to apply.

    ", + "

    EU students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU student applying for 2021 to 2022, when and how you apply depends on the type of support you want.

    ", + "

    Full-time students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, you can apply online now.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you can apply by post now.

    ", + "

    Part-time students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, you can apply online from summer 2021.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you can apply by post from summer 2021.

    ", + "

    Proof of identity

    ", + "

    Students from England

    ", + "

    Include your valid UK passport details in your application the first time you apply. Fill in the passport details form - do not send the passport itself.

    ", + "Academic year | Form", + "2021 to 2022 | UK passport details form 2021 to 2022 (PDF, 49KB)", + "2020 to 2021 | UK passport details form 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 41KB)", + "

    If you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    Include your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    EU students

    ", + "

    Send your non-UK passport or identity card the first time you apply.

    ", + "

    Where to send your documents

    ", + "

    Any original documents you send will be returned to you within 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    Students from England

    ", + "

    EU students

    ", + "

    Household income

    ", + "

    You must provide your household income if you apply for any of the following:

    ", + "
  • full Maintenance Loan
    • ", + "
  • Maintenance Grant - not available if your course started on or after 1 August 2016
    • ", + "
  • Special Support Grant - not available if your course started on or after 1 August 2016
    • ", + "
  • Childcare Grant
    • ", + "
  • Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant
    • ", + "
  • Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide your household income for tax year:

    ", + "
  • 2019 to 2020 if you\u2019re applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year
    • ", + "
  • 2018 to 2019 if you\u2019re applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year
    • ", + "

    After you apply, Student Finance England will ask the people in your household to confirm their income. They might need to provide evidence.

    ", + "

    What counts as household income

    ", + "

    Your household income includes any of the following that apply:

    ", + "
  • your parents\u2019 income, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially
    • ", + "
  • the combined income of one of your parents and their partner, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially
    • ", + "
  • your partner\u2019s income, if you\u2019re over 25 and live with them (even if they spend most of their time abroad)
    • ", + "
  • income you get from your own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve supported yourself financially for at least 3 years or had no contact with your parents for over a year, you might be able to apply as an \u2018independent student\u2019.

    ", + "

    Change an application

    ", + "

    You must say if any details in your application change. You\u2019ll need to report some changes yourself. Your parents, partner or sponsor will need to report others.

    ", + "

    Changes you must report

    ", + "

    Full time students

    ", + "

    Use your online account to tell Student Finance England if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve changed your course, university or college
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re repeating a year
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status
    • ", + "
  • your Tuition Fee Loan amount has changed
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re living somewhere new
    • ", + "

    Part-time students and EU students

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a part-time or EU student, you\u2019ll need to fill in form CO2 or EUCO1 instead.

    ", + " | Student type | Form", + "2020 to 2021 academic year | Part-time student | CO2 form for 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 94KB)", + "2019 to 2020 academic year | Part-time student | CO2 form for 2019 to 2020 (PDF, 85KB)", + "2021 to 2022 academic year | EU student | EUCO1 form for 2021 to 2022 (PDF, 136KB)", + "2020 to 2021 academic year | EU student | EUCO1 form for 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 146KB)", + "

    Use your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    After your course starts you can contact your university or college to change or repeat your course or change your Tuition Fee Loan.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status

    ", + "

    You must write and tell Student Finance England if you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status. The letter must include:

    ", + "
  • your customer reference number
    • ", + "
  • the date
    • ", + "
  • your signature
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your name you must include a copy of one of the following with your letter:

    ", + "
  • marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • decree absolute
    • ", + "
  • change of name deed - it must be an enrolled deed poll
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your marital status, you must include a copy of one of the following with your letter:

    ", + "
  • marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • decree absolute
    • ", + "
  • civil partnership final order
    • ", + "

    Use your online account to send the letter and evidence to Student Finance England, or send it by post.

    ", + "

    If you cannot provide the right document, contact Student Finance England.

    ", + "

    Changes your parents, partner or sponsor must report

    ", + "

    If your household income changes

    ", + "

    Your parents or partner must:

    ", + "
  • correct any mistakes relating to their household income
    • ", + "
  • tell Student Finance England if they think their household income will be at least 15% lower than the tax year they submitted details for
    • ", + "

    If your parents or sponsor have another child

    ", + "

    Your parents or sponsor must tell Student Finance England if they have any more children.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england", + "title": "Studying abroad: travel grants for students (England)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may get a grant to cover some of your travel expenses if you normally live in England and:\n\n- you\u2019re studying abroad as part of your course, or on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement\n\n- you\u2019re a medical or dental student studying abroad or attending a clinical placement in the UK\n\nYou do not have to pay back a travel grant. There are rules on eligibility and how much you\u2019ll get.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re a student from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe amount you get depends on your total household income. This means your income, if you have one, combined with that of your parents or guardians, or spouse or partner if you live with them. Do not count income from other family members you live with.\n\nYou must pay the \ufb01rst \u00a3303 of your travel costs - and your travel grant will be reduced by \u00a31 for each \u00a38.73 of household income over \u00a339,796.\n\nKeep your travel costs as low as possible without being impractical.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- up to 3 return journeys between your home and the overseas institution during a full academic year abroad\n\n- help with essential expenses, medical insurance and travel visas\n\nYou may be able to apply for your children\u2019s travel costs if you\u2019re a single parent.\n\n## Medical or dental students doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nYou can apply for travel costs between your home and the hospital or facility where you\u2019re doing your placement.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour permanent home address must be in England.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\nYou must attend an overseas institution for at least half of each academic term. This period of study can be compulsory or optional.\n\nYou can also get a travel grant if you\u2019re on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement. Other work placements do not count.\n\n## If you\u2019re doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nThe placement must be an essential part of your medical or dental course. You will not get a travel grant if you\u2019re eligible for means-tested bursaries or awards from the Department of Health.\n\nYou can apply if you get student \ufb01nance that depends on your household income, for example a Maintenance Loan or Maintenance Grant.\n\n## How to apply\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\n- Apply for student finance for your study abroad using your student finance account. You can register and set up an account if you do not already have one.\n\n- You\u2019ll then receive a course abroad form.\n\n- Once you\u2019ve filled in and returned the form, you\u2019ll automatically receive a travel grant form if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nKeep all receipts for any expenses you want to apply for - you\u2019ll need to send copies when you apply.\n\nThe money will be paid direct into your bank account.\n\n## If you\u2019re doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nAfter applying for student finance for clinical study you\u2019ll automatically receive a travel grant form if you\u2019re eligible.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may get a grant to cover some of your travel expenses if you normally live in England and:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re studying abroad as part of your course, or on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a medical or dental student studying abroad or attending a clinical placement in the UK
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay back a travel grant. There are rules on eligibility and how much you\u2019ll get.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re a student from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The amount you get depends on your total household income. This means your income, if you have one, combined with that of your parents or guardians, or spouse or partner if you live with them. Do not count income from other family members you live with.

    ", + "

    You must pay the \ufb01rst \u00a3303 of your travel costs - and your travel grant will be reduced by \u00a31 for each \u00a38.73 of household income over \u00a339,796.

    ", + "

    Keep your travel costs as low as possible without being impractical.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying abroad

    ", + "

    You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 return journeys between your home and the overseas institution during a full academic year abroad
    • ", + "
  • help with essential expenses, medical insurance and travel visas
    • ", + "

    You may be able to apply for your children\u2019s travel costs if you\u2019re a single parent.

    ", + "

    Medical or dental students doing a clinical placement in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply for travel costs between your home and the hospital or facility where you\u2019re doing your placement.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your permanent home address must be in England.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying abroad

    ", + "

    You must attend an overseas institution for at least half of each academic term. This period of study can be compulsory or optional.

    ", + "

    You can also get a travel grant if you\u2019re on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement. Other work placements do not count.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re doing a clinical placement in the UK

    ", + "

    The placement must be an essential part of your medical or dental course. You will not get a travel grant if you\u2019re eligible for means-tested bursaries or awards from the Department of Health.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you get student \ufb01nance that depends on your household income, for example a Maintenance Loan or Maintenance Grant.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying abroad

    ", + "
  • Apply for student finance for your study abroad using your student finance account. You can register and set up an account if you do not already have one.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll then receive a course abroad form.
    • ", + "
  • Once you\u2019ve filled in and returned the form, you\u2019ll automatically receive a travel grant form if you\u2019re eligible.
    • ", + "

    Keep all receipts for any expenses you want to apply for - you\u2019ll need to send copies when you apply.

    ", + "

    The money will be paid direct into your bank account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re doing a clinical placement in the UK

    ", + "

    After applying for student finance for clinical study you\u2019ll automatically receive a travel grant form if you\u2019re eligible.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/support-child-or-partners-student-finance-application": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-child-or-partners-student-finance-application", + "title": "Support your child or partner's student finance application", + "content": "## Give details of your household income\n\nYou might need to provide information about your income if your child or partner has applied for student finance in England.\n\nYour information will be used to work out if your child or partner can get extra money on top of the Tuition Fee Loan and the basic Maintenance Loan.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if your child or partner is applying in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n- You\u2019ll get an email with a link to create an online account or login. You must use your own account - you cannot use the same account as your child or partner.\n\n- Provide information about your income in the previous tax year.\n\n- If your income this tax year will be at least 15% less you can give your income details for the current tax year instead.\n\n- Send in evidence if you\u2019re asked for it.\n\n## What information you\u2019ll need\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know the following about a previous tax year:\n\n- your household\u2019s taxable income\n\n- details of your personal taxable income\n\nThe previous tax year will be:\n\n- 2019 to 2020 if your child or partner is applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- 2018 to 2019 if your child or partner is applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n- 2017 to 2018 if your child or partner is applying for the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n## If you\u2019re supporting your child\u2019s application\n\nYour household income is the combined income of:\n\n- you\n\n- your partner, if you live with them (even if you were not living with them during the previous tax year)\n\n- income your child gets from their own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent\n\n## If you\u2019re supporting your partner\u2019s application\n\nYour household income is the combined income of you and your partner (even if you were not living with them during the previous tax year).\n\n## How to provide information about your income\n\nOnce your child or partner has applied, you\u2019ll get an email within 24 hours with a link so you can provide your information.\n\nYou might need to create an account. You must use your own account - you cannot use the same account as your child or partner.\n\n## Household income your current income is lower\n\nYou can give your details for the current tax year if you think your household income will be at least 15% lower than the tax year you\u2019ve been asked to provide details for.\n\n## What happens next\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will check that the information you\u2019ve provided matches their records. This will usually take up to 2 weeks.\n\nYou might be asked to send evidence of your:\n\n- income - if the details you\u2019ve given do not match HMRC\u2019s records\n\n- marital status - if you\u2019re separated or divorced\n\nIt can take up to 6 weeks to review your evidence.\n\nStudent Finance England will write to your child or partner when all your information has been confirmed.\n\nIf your information is still being processed when your child or partner starts their course, they\u2019ll still get the Tuition Fee Loan and the basic Maintenance Loan (if they\u2019re eligible).\n\n## Supporting a continuing student\n\nYour child or partner needs to apply for student finance each year.\n\nWhen they apply, you\u2019ll get an email within 24 hours. The email will have a link to sign in to your account, where you must provide:\n\n- your marital status\n\n- any changes to the information you provided the previous year\n\n- your financial information for the previous tax year\n\n## If you provided income details for the current tax year\n\nYou can use the same income details that you provided last year.\n\nIf your income has dropped by at least 15% again, you can send in a new current tax year income assessment form.\n\n## If your income has gone down\n\nYou can apply for a current year income assessment if you think your household income this tax year will be at least 15% lower than the year you\u2019ve been asked to give details about.\n\nThe current tax year is 6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022.\n\n## Check you\u2019re eligible for a current year income assessment\n\nTo apply, the student must be on a course where their student finance is based on your household income.\n\nYour total estimated household income for the full current tax year must be at least 15% lower than for a previous tax year.\n\nThe previous tax year will be:\n\n- 2019 to 2020 if your child or partner is applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- 2018 to 2019 if your child or partner is applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n- 2017 to 2018 if your child or partner is applying for the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\nYou\u2019ll qualify for an assessment if your expected household income after the 15% decrease is between \u00a325,000 and \u00a358,220 a year.\n\nIf your household income is more than \u00a358,220 a year but less than \u00a370,004 a year, you may still qualify depending on the student\u2019s circumstances. Check how you\u2019re assessed and paid.\n\nIf your total household income is likely to be less than \u00a325,000 a year, you will not be able to get an assessment unless the student needs it to get:\n\n- a bursary or scholarship from a university or college\n\n- extra student finance for children or dependent adults\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply, you must have already created an online account and given information about a previous tax year.\n\nYou then need to complete these 3 steps.\n\n- Fill in a current year income assessment form and send it to Student Finance England.\n\n- Keep your income details up to date during the year.\n\n- Confirm your actual income at the end of the tax year.\n\n## Fill in a current year income assessment form\n\nFill in the form and send it to Student Finance England. You can do this through your online account, or print out the form and send it by post.\n\nIf you\u2019re the parent of the student and your partner also lives in the household, you\u2019ll both need to complete the form, even if only one income has changed.\n\nThis is because you\u2019re assessed on household income from the same tax year.\n\nWhen you\u2019re estimating your income, include:\n\n- working overtime or extra hours\n\n- any maternity or paternity pay\n\n- any casual work, shift work or contract work\n\n- any pay rises, bonuses or redundancy pay\n\n- income changes from changing jobs or returning to work\n\n- income from self-employment\n\n| Academic year | Course type | Form |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | Any | Current year income assessment form - 2021 to 2022 |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | Any | Current year income assessment form - 2020 to 2021 |\n\n| 2019 to 2020 | Part-time | Current year income assessment form for part-time students - 2019 to 2020 |\n\n## Keep your income details up to date\n\nIf your income changes during the year, send a new current tax year income assessment form to Student Finance England as soon as possible.\n\nYou\u2019ll be reassessed and the amount of money your student is entitled to might go up or down. Student Finance England will contact the student directly to let them know.\n\nIf you do not keep your income details up to date your student may be overpaid. They\u2019ll have to pay back any overpayment straight away.\n\n## Confirm your income at the end of the tax year\n\nAfter the tax year finishes you must send evidence of what your actual income was for the year. You\u2019ll usually be sent a form to fill in at the start of May.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nIf you have not completed your tax return yet, fill in the form to ask to delay providing evidence until after the Self Assessment deadline (January the following year).\n\nYou still need to return evidence for any other employment, for example if you had a salaried job earlier in the year.\n\n## If your household income is different from what you estimated\n\nHow much your student is entitled to will change. If your actual income was:\n\n- lower - your student might be entitled to more money\n\n- higher - your student will have to repay any extra money they received\n\nIf you do not send in evidence your student will only be entitled to basic student finance. They\u2019ll have to repay any extra money they got based on your income straight away.\n\n## If you need to update your details\n\nFill in a PFF2 or PFF3 form if:\n\n- you made a mistake\n\n- your circumstances change, such as your marital status or you have another child\n\n| Academic year | Course type | Form |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | Any | PFF2: income details form for full-time students - 2021 to 2022 |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | Any | PFF2: income details form - 2020 to 2021 |\n\n| 2019 to 2020 | Part-time | PFF3: income details form for part-time students - 2019 to 2020 |\n\nUse your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Give details of your household income

    ", + "

    You might need to provide information about your income if your child or partner has applied for student finance in England.

    ", + "

    Your information will be used to work out if your child or partner can get extra money on top of the Tuition Fee Loan and the basic Maintenance Loan.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if your child or partner is applying in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get an email with a link to create an online account or login. You must use your own account - you cannot use the same account as your child or partner.
    • ", + "
  • Provide information about your income in the previous tax year.
    • ", + "
  • If your income this tax year will be at least 15% less you can give your income details for the current tax year instead.
    • ", + "
  • Send in evidence if you\u2019re asked for it.
    • ", + "

    What information you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to know the following about a previous tax year:

    ", + "
  • your household\u2019s taxable income
    • ", + "
  • details of your personal taxable income
    • ", + "

    The previous tax year will be:

    ", + "
  • 2019 to 2020 if your child or partner is applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year
    • ", + "
  • 2018 to 2019 if your child or partner is applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year
    • ", + "
  • 2017 to 2018 if your child or partner is applying for the 2019 to 2020 academic year
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re supporting your child\u2019s application

    ", + "

    Your household income is the combined income of:

    ", + "
  • you
    • ", + "
  • your partner, if you live with them (even if you were not living with them during the previous tax year)
    • ", + "
  • income your child gets from their own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re supporting your partner\u2019s application

    ", + "

    Your household income is the combined income of you and your partner (even if you were not living with them during the previous tax year).

    ", + "

    How to provide information about your income

    ", + "

    Once your child or partner has applied, you\u2019ll get an email within 24 hours with a link so you can provide your information.

    ", + "

    You might need to create an account. You must use your own account - you cannot use the same account as your child or partner.

    ", + "

    Household income your current income is lower

    ", + "

    You can give your details for the current tax year if you think your household income will be at least 15% lower than the tax year you\u2019ve been asked to provide details for.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will check that the information you\u2019ve provided matches their records. This will usually take up to 2 weeks.

    ", + "

    You might be asked to send evidence of your:

    ", + "
  • income - if the details you\u2019ve given do not match HMRC\u2019s records
    • ", + "
  • marital status - if you\u2019re separated or divorced
    • ", + "

    It can take up to 6 weeks to review your evidence.

    ", + "

    Student Finance England will write to your child or partner when all your information has been confirmed.

    ", + "

    If your information is still being processed when your child or partner starts their course, they\u2019ll still get the Tuition Fee Loan and the basic Maintenance Loan (if they\u2019re eligible).

    ", + "

    Supporting a continuing student

    ", + "

    Your child or partner needs to apply for student finance each year.

    ", + "

    When they apply, you\u2019ll get an email within 24 hours. The email will have a link to sign in to your account, where you must provide:

    ", + "
  • your marital status
    • ", + "
  • any changes to the information you provided the previous year
    • ", + "
  • your financial information for the previous tax year
    • ", + "

    If you provided income details for the current tax year

    ", + "

    You can use the same income details that you provided last year.

    ", + "

    If your income has dropped by at least 15% again, you can send in a new current tax year income assessment form.

    ", + "

    If your income has gone down

    ", + "

    You can apply for a current year income assessment if you think your household income this tax year will be at least 15% lower than the year you\u2019ve been asked to give details about.

    ", + "

    The current tax year is 6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022.

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re eligible for a current year income assessment

    ", + "

    To apply, the student must be on a course where their student finance is based on your household income.

    ", + "

    Your total estimated household income for the full current tax year must be at least 15% lower than for a previous tax year.

    ", + "

    The previous tax year will be:

    ", + "
  • 2019 to 2020 if your child or partner is applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year
    • ", + "
  • 2018 to 2019 if your child or partner is applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year
    • ", + "
  • 2017 to 2018 if your child or partner is applying for the 2019 to 2020 academic year
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll qualify for an assessment if your expected household income after the 15% decrease is between \u00a325,000 and \u00a358,220 a year.

    ", + "

    If your household income is more than \u00a358,220 a year but less than \u00a370,004 a year, you may still qualify depending on the student\u2019s circumstances. Check how you\u2019re assessed and paid.

    ", + "

    If your total household income is likely to be less than \u00a325,000 a year, you will not be able to get an assessment unless the student needs it to get:

    ", + "
  • a bursary or scholarship from a university or college
    • ", + "
  • extra student finance for children or dependent adults
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To apply, you must have already created an online account and given information about a previous tax year.

    ", + "

    You then need to complete these 3 steps.

    ", + "
  • Fill in a current year income assessment form and send it to Student Finance England.
    • ", + "
  • Keep your income details up to date during the year.
    • ", + "
  • Confirm your actual income at the end of the tax year.
    • ", + "

    Fill in a current year income assessment form

    ", + "

    Fill in the form and send it to Student Finance England. You can do this through your online account, or print out the form and send it by post.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the parent of the student and your partner also lives in the household, you\u2019ll both need to complete the form, even if only one income has changed.

    ", + "

    This is because you\u2019re assessed on household income from the same tax year.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re estimating your income, include:

    ", + "
  • working overtime or extra hours
    • ", + "
  • any maternity or paternity pay
    • ", + "
  • any casual work, shift work or contract work
    • ", + "
  • any pay rises, bonuses or redundancy pay
    • ", + "
  • income changes from changing jobs or returning to work
    • ", + "
  • income from self-employment
    • ", + "Academic year | Course type | Form", + "2021 to 2022 | Any | Current year income assessment form - 2021 to 2022", + "2020 to 2021 | Any | Current year income assessment form - 2020 to 2021", + "2019 to 2020 | Part-time | Current year income assessment form for part-time students - 2019 to 2020", + "

    Keep your income details up to date

    ", + "

    If your income changes during the year, send a new current tax year income assessment form to Student Finance England as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be reassessed and the amount of money your student is entitled to might go up or down. Student Finance England will contact the student directly to let them know.

    ", + "

    If you do not keep your income details up to date your student may be overpaid. They\u2019ll have to pay back any overpayment straight away.

    ", + "

    Confirm your income at the end of the tax year

    ", + "

    After the tax year finishes you must send evidence of what your actual income was for the year. You\u2019ll usually be sent a form to fill in at the start of May.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    If you have not completed your tax return yet, fill in the form to ask to delay providing evidence until after the Self Assessment deadline (January the following year).

    ", + "

    You still need to return evidence for any other employment, for example if you had a salaried job earlier in the year.

    ", + "

    If your household income is different from what you estimated

    ", + "

    How much your student is entitled to will change. If your actual income was:

    ", + "
  • lower - your student might be entitled to more money
    • ", + "
  • higher - your student will have to repay any extra money they received
    • ", + "

    If you do not send in evidence your student will only be entitled to basic student finance. They\u2019ll have to repay any extra money they got based on your income straight away.

    ", + "

    If you need to update your details

    ", + "

    Fill in a PFF2 or PFF3 form if:

    ", + "
  • you made a mistake
    • ", + "
  • your circumstances change, such as your marital status or you have another child
    • ", + "Academic year | Course type | Form", + "2021 to 2022 | Any | PFF2: income details form for full-time students - 2021 to 2022", + "2020 to 2021 | Any | PFF2: income details form - 2020 to 2021", + "2019 to 2020 | Part-time | PFF3: income details form for part-time students - 2019 to 2020", + "

    Use your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/check-university-award-degree": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-university-award-degree", + "title": "Check if your university or college can award a degree", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf your degree is not officially recognised, it might not be accepted by employers, or universities if you\u2019re planning further study.\n\nYour degree will be officially recognised if it\u2019s either:\n\n- awarded by an institution on the list of recognised bodies\n\n- on the list of recognised awards\n\n## If your institution or award is not listed\n\nYour degree can be awarded by a different institution from the place you\u2019re studying.\n\nYour degree will still be officially recognised if the institution that awards your degree is on the list of recognised bodies.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure who awards your degree, ask your university or college, or check their website or prospectus. You can double check this with the institution you\u2019re told awards your degree.\n\n## If you have any questions\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure who awards your degree after speaking to your university or college, who you contact depends on where you study in the UK.\n\n## If you study in England\n\nEmail the Office for Students - providerverification@officeforstudents.org.uk.\n\n## If you study in Northern Ireland\n\nContact the Northern Ireland Executive higher education division.\n\n## If you study in Scotland\n\nContact the Scottish Government central enquiry unit.\n\n## If you study in Wales\n\nEmail the Welsh Government - customerhelp@gov.wales.\n\n## Recognised bodies\n\nRecognised bodies are higher learning institutions that can award degrees.\n\n## A\n\nUniversity of Aberdeen\n\nAbertay University (formerly University of Abertay Dundee)\n\nAberystwyth University (Prifysgol Aberystwyth)\n\nAnglia Ruskin University\n\nAnglo-European College of Chiropractic\n\nArchbishop of Canterbury, The\n\nArden University (formerly known as Resource Development International)\n\nAshridge Business School\n\nAston University\n\n## B\n\nBangor University (Prifysgol Bangor)\n\nUniversity of Bath\n\nBath Spa University\n\nUniversity of Bedfordshire\n\nBIMM Institute\n\nBirkbeck, University of London\n\nUniversity of Birmingham\n\nBirmingham City University\n\nUniversity College Birmingham\n\nBishop Grosseteste University\n\nUniversity of Bolton\n\nArts University Bournemouth\n\nBournemouth University\n\nBPP University\n\nUniversity of Bradford\n\nUniversity of Brighton\n\nUniversity of Bristol\n\nBrunel University London\n\nUniversity of Buckingham\n\nBuckinghamshire New University\n\n## C\n\nUniversity of Cambridge\n\nCanterbury Christ Church University\n\nCardiff Metropolitan University (Prifysgol Metropolitan Caerdydd)\n\nCardiff University (Prifysgol Caerdydd)\n\nUniversity of Chester\n\nUniversity of Chichester\n\nCity, University of London\n\nCourtauld Institute of Art, The (degrees awarded by University of London)\n\nCoventry University\n\nCranfield University\n\nUniversity for the Creative Arts\n\nUniversity of Cumbria\n\n## D\n\nDe Montfort University\n\nUniversity of Derby\n\nUniversity of Dundee\n\nDurham University\n\n## E\n\nUniversity of East Anglia\n\nUniversity of East London\n\nEdge Hill University\n\nUniversity of Edinburgh, The\n\nEdinburgh Napier University\n\nUniversity of Essex\n\nUniversity of Exeter\n\n## F\n\nFalmouth University\n\n## G\n\nUniversity of Glasgow\n\nGlasgow Caledonian University\n\nUniversity of Gloucestershire\n\nGlynd\u0175r University (Prifysgol Glynd\u0175r)\n\nGoldsmiths, University of London\n\nUniversity of Greenwich\n\nGuildhall School of Music and Drama\n\n## H\n\nHarper Adams University\n\nHartpury University\n\nHeriot-Watt University\n\nUniversity of Hertfordshire\n\nHeythrop College (degrees awarded by University of London)\n\nUniversity of the Highlands and Islands\n\nUniversity of Huddersfield\n\nUniversity of Hull\n\n## I\n\nImperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine (also known as Imperial College London)\n\nInstitute of Cancer Research, The (degrees awarded by University of London)\n\n## K\n\nKeele University\n\nUniversity of Kent\n\nKing\u2019s College London\n\nKingston University\n\n## L\n\nUniversity of Central Lancashire\n\nLancaster University\n\nUniversity of Leeds\n\nLeeds Beckett University (formerly Leeds Metropolitan University)\n\nLeeds Arts University\n\nLeeds Trinity University\n\nUniversity of Leicester\n\nUniversity of Lincoln\n\nUniversity of Liverpool\n\nLiverpool Hope University\n\nLiverpool John Moores University\n\nLiverpool School of Tropical Medicine\n\nUniversity of London\n\nLondon Business School\n\nLondon Institute of Banking and Finance, The\n\nLondon Metropolitan University\n\nLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine\n\nLondon School of Economics and Political Science, The (LSE)\n\nLondon South Bank University\n\nUniversity College London\n\nLoughborough University\n\n## M\n\nUniversity of Manchester\n\nManchester Metropolitan University\n\nMiddlesex University\n\n## N\n\nNCG\n\nNCH at Northeastern\n\nNewcastle University\n\nNewman University, Birmingham\n\nNorland College\n\nUniversity of Northampton, The\n\nNorthumbria University Newcastle\n\nNorwich University of the Arts\n\nUniversity of Nottingham\n\nNottingham Trent University\n\n## O\n\nOpen University, The\n\nUniversity of Oxford\n\nOxford Brookes University\n\n## P\n\nPlymouth College of Art\n\nPlymouth University\n\nUniversity of Portsmouth\n\nPresbyterian Theological Faculty, Ireland (PTFI)\n\n## Q\n\nQueen Margaret University, Edinburgh\n\nQueen Mary, University of London\n\nQueen\u2019s University Belfast\n\n## R\n\nRavensbourne\n\nUniversity of Reading\n\nRegent\u2019s University London\n\nRichmond, The American International University in London\n\nRobert Gordon University, Aberdeen\n\nUniversity of Roehampton\n\nRose Bruford College of Theatre and Performance\n\nRoyal Academy of Music\n\nRoyal Agricultural University\n\nRoyal Central School of Speech and Drama (University of London)\n\nRoyal College of Art\n\nRoyal College of Music\n\nRoyal College of Nursing\n\nRoyal Conservatoire of Scotland\n\nRoyal Holloway, University of London\n\nRoyal Northern College of Music\n\nRoyal Veterinary College, The\n\n## S\n\nUniversity of Salford\n\nSchool of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London\n\nUniversity of Sheffield\n\nSheffield Hallam University\n\nUniversity of South Wales (Prifysgol De Cymru)\n\nUniversity of Southampton\n\nSolent University\n\nUniversity of St Andrews\n\nSt George\u2019s, University of London\n\nUniversity of St Mark and St John, Plymouth\n\nSt Mary\u2019s University, Twickenham\n\nStaffordshire University\n\nUniversity of Stirling\n\nUniversity of Strathclyde\n\nUniversity of Suffolk\n\nUniversity of Sunderland\n\nUniversity of Surrey\n\nUniversity of Sussex\n\nSwansea University (Prifysgol Abertawe)\n\n## T\n\nTeesside University\n\nTrinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance\n\n## U\n\nUniversity of the Arts, London\n\nUniversity College of Estate Management\n\nUniversity College of Osteopathy\n\nUniversity of Law, The\n\nUlster University\n\n## W\n\nUniversity of Wales (Prifysgol Cymru)\n\nUniversity of Wales Trinity Saint David (Prifysgol Cymru Y Drindod Dewi Sant\n\nUniversity of Warwick\n\nUniversity of the West of England, Bristol\n\nUniversity of West London\n\nUniversity of the West of Scotland\n\nUniversity of Westminster\n\nUniversity of Winchester, The\n\nUniversity of Wolverhampton\n\nUniversity of Worcester\n\nWrittle University College\n\n## Y\n\nUniversity of York\n\nYork St John University\n\n## Foundation degrees\n\nRecognised bodies that can only award foundation degrees:\n\nBlackpool and the Fylde College\n\nCornwall College Group\n\nGrimsby Institute of Higher Education\n\nHull College\n\nLeeds City College\n\nNew College Durham\n\nNewcastle College\n\nWarwickshire College\n\n## Recognised awards\n\nCertain bodies or institutions can award their own unique degrees. These are known as \u2018recognised awards\u2019.\n\n| Recognised award | Institution or body |\n\n| Mastership in Clinical Biochemistry | Awarded jointly by: Royal College of Physicians Royal Society of Chemistry Royal College of Pathologists Association for Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine |\n\n| Degree of Barrister-at-Law | Benchers of the Honourable Society of the Inn of Court of Northern Ireland |\n\n| Degree of the Utter Bar | Inns of Court |\n\n| Master of Horticulture | Royal Horticultural Society |\n\n| Mastership in Chemical Analysis | Royal Society of Chemistry |\n\n| Mastership in Food Control | Awarded jointly by:Royal Society of Chemistry Society of Biology Institute of Food Science and Technology |", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If your degree is not officially recognised, it might not be accepted by employers, or universities if you\u2019re planning further study.

    ", + "

    Your degree will be officially recognised if it\u2019s either:

    ", + "
  • awarded by an institution on the list of recognised bodies
    • ", + "
  • on the list of recognised awards
    • ", + "

    If your institution or award is not listed

    ", + "

    Your degree can be awarded by a different institution from the place you\u2019re studying.

    ", + "

    Your degree will still be officially recognised if the institution that awards your degree is on the list of recognised bodies.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure who awards your degree, ask your university or college, or check their website or prospectus. You can double check this with the institution you\u2019re told awards your degree.

    ", + "

    If you have any questions

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure who awards your degree after speaking to your university or college, who you contact depends on where you study in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you study in England

    ", + "

    Email the Office for Students - providerverification@officeforstudents.org.uk.

    ", + "

    If you study in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Contact the Northern Ireland Executive higher education division.

    ", + "

    If you study in Scotland

    ", + "

    Contact the Scottish Government central enquiry unit.

    ", + "

    If you study in Wales

    ", + "

    Email the Welsh Government - customerhelp@gov.wales.

    ", + "

    Recognised bodies

    ", + "

    Recognised bodies are higher learning institutions that can award degrees.

    ", + "

    A

    ", + "

    University of Aberdeen

    ", + "

    Abertay University (formerly University of Abertay Dundee)

    ", + "

    Aberystwyth University (Prifysgol Aberystwyth)

    ", + "

    Anglia Ruskin University

    ", + "

    Anglo-European College of Chiropractic

    ", + "

    Archbishop of Canterbury, The

    ", + "

    Arden University (formerly known as Resource Development International)

    ", + "

    Ashridge Business School

    ", + "

    Aston University

    ", + "

    B

    ", + "

    Bangor University (Prifysgol Bangor)

    ", + "

    University of Bath

    ", + "

    Bath Spa University

    ", + "

    University of Bedfordshire

    ", + "

    BIMM Institute

    ", + "

    Birkbeck, University of London

    ", + "

    University of Birmingham

    ", + "

    Birmingham City University

    ", + "

    University College Birmingham

    ", + "

    Bishop Grosseteste University

    ", + "

    University of Bolton

    ", + "

    Arts University Bournemouth

    ", + "

    Bournemouth University

    ", + "

    BPP University

    ", + "

    University of Bradford

    ", + "

    University of Brighton

    ", + "

    University of Bristol

    ", + "

    Brunel University London

    ", + "

    University of Buckingham

    ", + "

    Buckinghamshire New University

    ", + "

    C

    ", + "

    University of Cambridge

    ", + "

    Canterbury Christ Church University

    ", + "

    Cardiff Metropolitan University (Prifysgol Metropolitan Caerdydd)

    ", + "

    Cardiff University (Prifysgol Caerdydd)

    ", + "

    University of Chester

    ", + "

    University of Chichester

    ", + "

    City, University of London

    ", + "

    Courtauld Institute of Art, The (degrees awarded by University of London)

    ", + "

    Coventry University

    ", + "

    Cranfield University

    ", + "

    University for the Creative Arts

    ", + "

    University of Cumbria

    ", + "

    D

    ", + "

    De Montfort University

    ", + "

    University of Derby

    ", + "

    University of Dundee

    ", + "

    Durham University

    ", + "

    E

    ", + "

    University of East Anglia

    ", + "

    University of East London

    ", + "

    Edge Hill University

    ", + "

    University of Edinburgh, The

    ", + "

    Edinburgh Napier University

    ", + "

    University of Essex

    ", + "

    University of Exeter

    ", + "

    F

    ", + "

    Falmouth University

    ", + "

    G

    ", + "

    University of Glasgow

    ", + "

    Glasgow Caledonian University

    ", + "

    University of Gloucestershire

    ", + "

    Glynd\u0175r University (Prifysgol Glynd\u0175r)

    ", + "

    Goldsmiths, University of London

    ", + "

    University of Greenwich

    ", + "

    Guildhall School of Music and Drama

    ", + "

    H

    ", + "

    Harper Adams University

    ", + "

    Hartpury University

    ", + "

    Heriot-Watt University

    ", + "

    University of Hertfordshire

    ", + "

    Heythrop College (degrees awarded by University of London)

    ", + "

    University of the Highlands and Islands

    ", + "

    University of Huddersfield

    ", + "

    University of Hull

    ", + "

    I

    ", + "

    Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine (also known as Imperial College London)

    ", + "

    Institute of Cancer Research, The (degrees awarded by University of London)

    ", + "

    K

    ", + "

    Keele University

    ", + "

    University of Kent

    ", + "

    King\u2019s College London

    ", + "

    Kingston University

    ", + "

    L

    ", + "

    University of Central Lancashire

    ", + "

    Lancaster University

    ", + "

    University of Leeds

    ", + "

    Leeds Beckett University (formerly Leeds Metropolitan University)

    ", + "

    Leeds Arts University

    ", + "

    Leeds Trinity University

    ", + "

    University of Leicester

    ", + "

    University of Lincoln

    ", + "

    University of Liverpool

    ", + "

    Liverpool Hope University

    ", + "

    Liverpool John Moores University

    ", + "

    Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine

    ", + "

    University of London

    ", + "

    London Business School

    ", + "

    London Institute of Banking and Finance, The

    ", + "

    London Metropolitan University

    ", + "

    London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine

    ", + "

    London School of Economics and Political Science, The (LSE)

    ", + "

    London South Bank University

    ", + "

    University College London

    ", + "

    Loughborough University

    ", + "

    M

    ", + "

    University of Manchester

    ", + "

    Manchester Metropolitan University

    ", + "

    Middlesex University

    ", + "

    N

    ", + "

    NCG

    ", + "

    NCH at Northeastern

    ", + "

    Newcastle University

    ", + "

    Newman University, Birmingham

    ", + "

    Norland College

    ", + "

    University of Northampton, The

    ", + "

    Northumbria University Newcastle

    ", + "

    Norwich University of the Arts

    ", + "

    University of Nottingham

    ", + "

    Nottingham Trent University

    ", + "

    O

    ", + "

    Open University, The

    ", + "

    University of Oxford

    ", + "

    Oxford Brookes University

    ", + "

    P

    ", + "

    Plymouth College of Art

    ", + "

    Plymouth University

    ", + "

    University of Portsmouth

    ", + "

    Presbyterian Theological Faculty, Ireland (PTFI)

    ", + "

    Q

    ", + "

    Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh

    ", + "

    Queen Mary, University of London

    ", + "

    Queen\u2019s University Belfast

    ", + "

    R

    ", + "

    Ravensbourne

    ", + "

    University of Reading

    ", + "

    Regent\u2019s University London

    ", + "

    Richmond, The American International University in London

    ", + "

    Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen

    ", + "

    University of Roehampton

    ", + "

    Rose Bruford College of Theatre and Performance

    ", + "

    Royal Academy of Music

    ", + "

    Royal Agricultural University

    ", + "

    Royal Central School of Speech and Drama (University of London)

    ", + "

    Royal College of Art

    ", + "

    Royal College of Music

    ", + "

    Royal College of Nursing

    ", + "

    Royal Conservatoire of Scotland

    ", + "

    Royal Holloway, University of London

    ", + "

    Royal Northern College of Music

    ", + "

    Royal Veterinary College, The

    ", + "

    S

    ", + "

    University of Salford

    ", + "

    School of Oriental and African Studies (SOAS), University of London

    ", + "

    University of Sheffield

    ", + "

    Sheffield Hallam University

    ", + "

    University of South Wales (Prifysgol De Cymru)

    ", + "

    University of Southampton

    ", + "

    Solent University

    ", + "

    University of St Andrews

    ", + "

    St George\u2019s, University of London

    ", + "

    University of St Mark and St John, Plymouth

    ", + "

    St Mary\u2019s University, Twickenham

    ", + "

    Staffordshire University

    ", + "

    University of Stirling

    ", + "

    University of Strathclyde

    ", + "

    University of Suffolk

    ", + "

    University of Sunderland

    ", + "

    University of Surrey

    ", + "

    University of Sussex

    ", + "

    Swansea University (Prifysgol Abertawe)

    ", + "

    T

    ", + "

    Teesside University

    ", + "

    Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance

    ", + "

    U

    ", + "

    University of the Arts, London

    ", + "

    University College of Estate Management

    ", + "

    University College of Osteopathy

    ", + "

    University of Law, The

    ", + "

    Ulster University

    ", + "

    W

    ", + "

    University of Wales (Prifysgol Cymru)

    ", + "

    University of Wales Trinity Saint David (Prifysgol Cymru Y Drindod Dewi Sant

    ", + "

    University of Warwick

    ", + "

    University of the West of England, Bristol

    ", + "

    University of West London

    ", + "

    University of the West of Scotland

    ", + "

    University of Westminster

    ", + "

    University of Winchester, The

    ", + "

    University of Wolverhampton

    ", + "

    University of Worcester

    ", + "

    Writtle University College

    ", + "

    Y

    ", + "

    University of York

    ", + "

    York St John University

    ", + "

    Foundation degrees

    ", + "

    Recognised bodies that can only award foundation degrees:

    ", + "

    Blackpool and the Fylde College

    ", + "

    Cornwall College Group

    ", + "

    Grimsby Institute of Higher Education

    ", + "

    Hull College

    ", + "

    Leeds City College

    ", + "

    New College Durham

    ", + "

    Newcastle College

    ", + "

    Warwickshire College

    ", + "

    Recognised awards

    ", + "

    Certain bodies or institutions can award their own unique degrees. These are known as \u2018recognised awards\u2019.

    ", + "Recognised award | Institution or body", + "Mastership in Clinical Biochemistry | Awarded jointly by: Royal College of Physicians Royal Society of Chemistry Royal College of Pathologists Association for Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine", + "Degree of Barrister-at-Law | Benchers of the Honourable Society of the Inn of Court of Northern Ireland", + "Degree of the Utter Bar | Inns of Court", + "Master of Horticulture | Royal Horticultural Society", + "Mastership in Chemical Analysis | Royal Society of Chemistry", + "Mastership in Food Control | Awarded jointly by:Royal Society of Chemistry Society of Biology Institute of Food Science and Technology" + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tell-employer-or-college-about-criminal-record": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-employer-or-college-about-criminal-record", + "title": "Telling an employer, university or college about your criminal record", + "content": "## When you need to tell an employer, university or college\n\nWhen you apply for a role or placement, you might need to tell your potential employer, university or college about a:\n\n- conviction you got at court\n\n- caution you got from the police\n\nYou only need tell the employer, university or college about a conviction or caution:\n\n- if they ask you to, for example in an interview or on an application form\n\n- for a specific amount of time after you got it, or always for certain roles\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What information you need to give\n\nThe information you need to give a potential employer, university or college about a conviction or caution depends on:\n\n- if the conviction or caution is on your basic criminal record\n\n- the role you\u2019re applying for\n\n## What\u2019s on your basic criminal record and what\u2019s not\n\nAfter you get a conviction or caution, it\u2019s usually \u2018unspent\u2019 for a specific amount of time. The amount of time depends on the type of punishment or sentence you got.\n\nAn unspent conviction or caution means:\n\n- it\u2019s on your basic criminal record\n\n- it will show up on any DBS check (criminal record check)\n\nMost convictions or cautions then become \u2018spent\u2019 after a specific amount of time. This might be after a few months or years, or straight away.\n\nA spent conviction or caution means:\n\n- it\u2019s not on your basic criminal record anymore\n\n- it will only show up on a more detailed DBS check known as \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018enhanced\u2019, unless it\u2019s removed (\u2018filtered\u2019) from the DBS certificate\n\nYou can check when a conviction or caution you got will become spent.\n\nYou can also read about different convictions or cautions, for example a court fine or a prison sentence.\n\n## If you have an unspent conviction or caution\n\nYou only need to tell a potential employer, university or college about an unspent conviction or caution if they ask you to.\n\nIf they ask you and you do not tell them about it, they might find out by using a DBS check. They could then reject your application or withdraw a job offer, or you might be charged with a crime.\n\n## If you have a spent conviction or caution\n\nYou only need to tell a potential employer, university or college about a spent conviction or caution if all of the following apply:\n\n- they ask you to\n\n- they tell you that the role needs a standard or enhanced DBS check\n\n- it\u2019s not removed (\u2018filtered\u2019) from DBS certificates\n\nYou can check if the employer, university or college is allowed to request the standard or enhanced DBS check. They can only do this for certain roles, for example if you\u2019re working with children or in healthcare.\n\nIt\u2019s against the law for an employer, university or college to refuse you a role because you\u2019ve got a spent conviction or caution, unless it makes you unsuitable for the role. For example, a driving conviction might make you unsuitable for a job as a driving instructor.\n\n## Check if you need to tell someone about your conviction or caution\n\nUse this tool to check whether:\n\n- a conviction or caution you got in England or Wales is \u2018spent\u2019 (not on your basic criminal record)\n\n- you need to tell a potential employer, university or college about it\n\nYou can also read more about what a spent conviction or caution is.\n\n## Check your conviction or caution\n\nCheck now\n\n## Before you check\n\nFor each conviction or caution you\u2019ve had, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- the type of conviction or caution you got\n\n- the date you got it\n\n- the date any conditions ended, or how long your sentence was\n\nIf you give approximate dates, the result you get will be approximate.\n\nYou will not need to give personal details such as your name. The information you give will not be saved and cannot identify you.\n\n## Cautions\n\nA caution is an official warning from the police.\n\nIt could be a:\n\n- simple caution if you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- youth caution if you\u2019re under 18\n\n- conditional caution\n\nWhether a caution is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When simple and youth cautions become spent\n\nThey become spent straight away.\n\n## When a conditional caution becomes spent\n\nIt becomes spent either:\n\n- on the date the conditions end\n\n- 3 months after you got it, if the conditions have no end date\n\n## Fines and compensation\n\nA court might order you to pay:\n\n- a fine\n\n- compensation to someone (\u2018compensation order\u2019)\n\nWhether a fine or compensation order is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When a fine becomes spent\n\nA fine becomes spent:\n\n- one year after you got it, if you were 18 or over\n\n- 6 months after you got it, if you were under 18\n\nThere are different rules if a court gives you a fine for a driving offence.\n\n## When a compensation order becomes spent\n\nA compensation order becomes spent after you\u2019ve paid someone in full and sent proof of payment to DBS.\n\n## Driving convictions\n\nA court might give you a conviction for a driving offence, for example speeding or drink driving.\n\nThe conviction could be:\n\n- a fine\n\n- a driving ban (\u2018disqualification\u2019)\n\n- community service or a prison sentence\n\nFixed penalty notices (FPN) and penalty charge notices (PCN) are fines for minor driving offences. They will not appear on your criminal record unless a court gives you a conviction because of one.\n\nWhether a driving conviction is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## \u2018Endorsements\u2019 (penalty points)\n\nA court will give a driving ban or fine with penalty points that appear on your driving record. This is known as an \u2018endorsement\u2019.\n\nAn endorsement can stay on your driving record for longer than your criminal record.\n\nThis means a potential employer, university or college might find out about a driving ban or fine after it\u2019s spent, if they request to check your driving record.\n\n## When a fine with an endorsement becomes spent\n\nThe fine becomes spent either:\n\n- 5 years after you got it, if you were 18 or over\n\n- 2 years and 6 months after you got it, if you were under 18\n\n## When a driving ban with an endorsement becomes spent\n\nWhen a driving ban becomes spent depends on how:\n\n- long the ban lasts\n\n- old you were when you got it\n\n## If you were 18 or over\n\nIf the ban lasts less than 5 years, it becomes spent 5 years after you got it.\n\nIf the ban lasts more than 5 years, it becomes spent on the date it ends.\n\n## If you were under 18\n\nIf the ban lasts less than 2 years and 6 months, it becomes spent 2 years and 6 months after you got it.\n\nIf the ban lasts more than 2 years and 6 months, it becomes spent on the date it ends.\n\n## Prison sentences\n\nA court might:\n\n- give you a prison sentence if you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- give you a detention order (\u2018detention and training order\u2019) if you\u2019re under 18\n\n- order you to stay in hospital instead of prison (\u2018hospital order\u2019) if there are concerns about your mental health\n\nA court can decide to delay a prison sentence for up to 2 years as long as you meet certain conditions. This is known as \u2018suspended\u2019.\n\nWhether a sentence is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When a prison sentence becomes spent\n\nThe length of the prison sentence affects when it becomes spent.\n\n| Length of your sentence | When it becomes spent |\n\n| Less than 6 months | 2 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| 6 months to 2 years and 6 months | 4 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| 2 years and 6 months to 4 years | 7 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| Longer than 4 years | It never becomes spent |\n\n## If your prison sentence was \u2018suspended\u2019 or you were released early\n\nThe full length of the prison sentence affects when it becomes spent - not the amount of the time it was suspended for or how long you were in prison.\n\n## When a detention order becomes spent\n\nThe length of the sentence affects when it becomes spent.\n\n| Length of your sentence | When it becomes spent |\n\n| Less than 6 months | 1 year and 6 months after the sentence ends |\n\n| 6 months to 2 years and 6 months | 2 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| 2 years and 6 months to 4 years | 3 years and 6 months after the sentence ends |\n\n| Longer than 4 years | It never becomes spent |\n\n## When a hospital order becomes spent\n\nA hospital order becomes spent either:\n\n- on the date it ends\n\n- 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date.\n\n## Community service\n\nA court might give you:\n\n- community service (\u2018community order\u2019) if you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- a youth order (\u2018youth rehabilitation order\u2019) or a referral order if you\u2019re under 18\n\nFor example unpaid work, a curfew or alcohol treatment.\n\nWhether a community, youth or referral order is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When community service becomes spent\n\nCommunity service becomes spent either:\n\n- one year after its end date\n\n- 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date\n\n## When a youth order becomes spent\n\nA youth order becomes spent either:\n\n- 6 months after its end date\n\n- 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date\n\n## When a referral order becomes spent\n\nA referral order becomes spent on its end date.\n\n## Discharges\n\nA discharge is a type of conviction where a court finds you guilty but does not give you a sentence because the offence is very minor.\n\nThe conviction could be:\n\n- an absolute discharge\n\n- a conditional discharge, where you could still get a sentence if you break the conditions\n\n- a \u2018bind over\u2019, where you could get a fine if you break the conditions\n\nWhether a discharge or bind over is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When an absolute discharge becomes spent\n\nIt becomes spent straight away.\n\n## When conditional discharges and bind overs become spent\n\nThey become spent either:\n\n- on the date they end\n\n- 2 years after you got one, if there\u2019s no end date\n\n## Military convictions\n\nA court might give you a military conviction if they find you guilty of a crime while you served in the British armed forces.\n\nThe conviction might be:\n\n- a dismissal\n\n- a service detention\n\n- an overseas community order\n\n- a service community order\n\nWhether a military conviction is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When military convictions become spent\n\nHow long it takes for a conviction to become spent depends on how old you were when you were convicted. If you were:\n\n- 18 or over it takes 12 months\n\n- under 18 it takes 6 months\n\nThe length of time is calculated from:\n\n- the date of your conviction for dismissals\n\n- the day on which the sentence is complete for service detentions\n\n- the end date for overseas and community service orders - if the order has no end date, it becomes spent after 2 years\n\nIf you were given both a dismissal and a service detention then the longer of the two spent dates applies.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you need to tell an employer, university or college

    ", + "

    When you apply for a role or placement, you might need to tell your potential employer, university or college about a:

    ", + "
  • conviction you got at court
    • ", + "
  • caution you got from the police
    • ", + "

    You only need tell the employer, university or college about a conviction or caution:

    ", + "
  • if they ask you to, for example in an interview or on an application form
    • ", + "
  • for a specific amount of time after you got it, or always for certain roles
    • ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    What information you need to give

    ", + "

    The information you need to give a potential employer, university or college about a conviction or caution depends on:

    ", + "
  • if the conviction or caution is on your basic criminal record
    • ", + "
  • the role you\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "

    What\u2019s on your basic criminal record and what\u2019s not

    ", + "

    After you get a conviction or caution, it\u2019s usually \u2018unspent\u2019 for a specific amount of time. The amount of time depends on the type of punishment or sentence you got.

    ", + "

    An unspent conviction or caution means:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s on your basic criminal record
    • ", + "
  • it will show up on any DBS check (criminal record check)
    • ", + "

    Most convictions or cautions then become \u2018spent\u2019 after a specific amount of time. This might be after a few months or years, or straight away.

    ", + "

    A spent conviction or caution means:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s not on your basic criminal record anymore
    • ", + "
  • it will only show up on a more detailed DBS check known as \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018enhanced\u2019, unless it\u2019s removed (\u2018filtered\u2019) from the DBS certificate
    • ", + "

    You can check when a conviction or caution you got will become spent.

    ", + "

    You can also read about different convictions or cautions, for example a court fine or a prison sentence.

    ", + "

    If you have an unspent conviction or caution

    ", + "

    You only need to tell a potential employer, university or college about an unspent conviction or caution if they ask you to.

    ", + "

    If they ask you and you do not tell them about it, they might find out by using a DBS check. They could then reject your application or withdraw a job offer, or you might be charged with a crime.

    ", + "

    If you have a spent conviction or caution

    ", + "

    You only need to tell a potential employer, university or college about a spent conviction or caution if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they ask you to
    • ", + "
  • they tell you that the role needs a standard or enhanced DBS check
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s not removed (\u2018filtered\u2019) from DBS certificates
    • ", + "

    You can check if the employer, university or college is allowed to request the standard or enhanced DBS check. They can only do this for certain roles, for example if you\u2019re working with children or in healthcare.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s against the law for an employer, university or college to refuse you a role because you\u2019ve got a spent conviction or caution, unless it makes you unsuitable for the role. For example, a driving conviction might make you unsuitable for a job as a driving instructor.

    ", + "

    Check if you need to tell someone about your conviction or caution

    ", + "

    Use this tool to check whether:

    ", + "
  • a conviction or caution you got in England or Wales is \u2018spent\u2019 (not on your basic criminal record)
    • ", + "
  • you need to tell a potential employer, university or college about it
    • ", + "

    You can also read more about what a spent conviction or caution is.

    ", + "

    Check your conviction or caution

    ", + "

    Check now

    ", + "

    Before you check

    ", + "

    For each conviction or caution you\u2019ve had, you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • the type of conviction or caution you got
    • ", + "
  • the date you got it
    • ", + "
  • the date any conditions ended, or how long your sentence was
    • ", + "

    If you give approximate dates, the result you get will be approximate.

    ", + "

    You will not need to give personal details such as your name. The information you give will not be saved and cannot identify you.

    ", + "

    Cautions

    ", + "

    A caution is an official warning from the police.

    ", + "

    It could be a:

    ", + "
  • simple caution if you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • youth caution if you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "
  • conditional caution
    • ", + "

    Whether a caution is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.

    ", + "

    When simple and youth cautions become spent

    ", + "

    They become spent straight away.

    ", + "

    When a conditional caution becomes spent

    ", + "

    It becomes spent either:

    ", + "
  • on the date the conditions end
    • ", + "
  • 3 months after you got it, if the conditions have no end date
    • ", + "

    Fines and compensation

    ", + "

    A court might order you to pay:

    ", + "
  • a fine
    • ", + "
  • compensation to someone (\u2018compensation order\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Whether a fine or compensation order is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.

    ", + "

    When a fine becomes spent

    ", + "

    A fine becomes spent:

    ", + "
  • one year after you got it, if you were 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • 6 months after you got it, if you were under 18
    • ", + "

    There are different rules if a court gives you a fine for a driving offence.

    ", + "

    When a compensation order becomes spent

    ", + "

    A compensation order becomes spent after you\u2019ve paid someone in full and sent proof of payment to DBS.

    ", + "

    Driving convictions

    ", + "

    A court might give you a conviction for a driving offence, for example speeding or drink driving.

    ", + "

    The conviction could be:

    ", + "
  • a fine
    • ", + "
  • a driving ban (\u2018disqualification\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • community service or a prison sentence
    • ", + "

    Fixed penalty notices (FPN) and penalty charge notices (PCN) are fines for minor driving offences. They will not appear on your criminal record unless a court gives you a conviction because of one.

    ", + "

    Whether a driving conviction is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.

    ", + "

    \u2018Endorsements\u2019 (penalty points)

    ", + "

    A court will give a driving ban or fine with penalty points that appear on your driving record. This is known as an \u2018endorsement\u2019.

    ", + "

    An endorsement can stay on your driving record for longer than your criminal record.

    ", + "

    This means a potential employer, university or college might find out about a driving ban or fine after it\u2019s spent, if they request to check your driving record.

    ", + "

    When a fine with an endorsement becomes spent

    ", + "

    The fine becomes spent either:

    ", + "
  • 5 years after you got it, if you were 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • 2 years and 6 months after you got it, if you were under 18
    • ", + "

    When a driving ban with an endorsement becomes spent

    ", + "

    When a driving ban becomes spent depends on how:

    ", + "
  • long the ban lasts
    • ", + "
  • old you were when you got it
    • ", + "

    If you were 18 or over

    ", + "

    If the ban lasts less than 5 years, it becomes spent 5 years after you got it.

    ", + "

    If the ban lasts more than 5 years, it becomes spent on the date it ends.

    ", + "

    If you were under 18

    ", + "

    If the ban lasts less than 2 years and 6 months, it becomes spent 2 years and 6 months after you got it.

    ", + "

    If the ban lasts more than 2 years and 6 months, it becomes spent on the date it ends.

    ", + "

    Prison sentences

    ", + "

    A court might:

    ", + "
  • give you a prison sentence if you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • give you a detention order (\u2018detention and training order\u2019) if you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "
  • order you to stay in hospital instead of prison (\u2018hospital order\u2019) if there are concerns about your mental health
    • ", + "

    A court can decide to delay a prison sentence for up to 2 years as long as you meet certain conditions. This is known as \u2018suspended\u2019.

    ", + "

    Whether a sentence is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.

    ", + "

    When a prison sentence becomes spent

    ", + "

    The length of the prison sentence affects when it becomes spent.

    ", + "Length of your sentence | When it becomes spent", + "Less than 6 months | 2 years after the sentence ends", + "6 months to 2 years and 6 months | 4 years after the sentence ends", + "2 years and 6 months to 4 years | 7 years after the sentence ends", + "Longer than 4 years | It never becomes spent", + "

    If your prison sentence was \u2018suspended\u2019 or you were released early

    ", + "

    The full length of the prison sentence affects when it becomes spent - not the amount of the time it was suspended for or how long you were in prison.

    ", + "

    When a detention order becomes spent

    ", + "

    The length of the sentence affects when it becomes spent.

    ", + "Length of your sentence | When it becomes spent", + "Less than 6 months | 1 year and 6 months after the sentence ends", + "6 months to 2 years and 6 months | 2 years after the sentence ends", + "2 years and 6 months to 4 years | 3 years and 6 months after the sentence ends", + "Longer than 4 years | It never becomes spent", + "

    When a hospital order becomes spent

    ", + "

    A hospital order becomes spent either:

    ", + "
  • on the date it ends
    • ", + "
  • 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date.
    • ", + "

    Community service

    ", + "

    A court might give you:

    ", + "
  • community service (\u2018community order\u2019) if you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • a youth order (\u2018youth rehabilitation order\u2019) or a referral order if you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "

    For example unpaid work, a curfew or alcohol treatment.

    ", + "

    Whether a community, youth or referral order is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.

    ", + "

    When community service becomes spent

    ", + "

    Community service becomes spent either:

    ", + "
  • one year after its end date
    • ", + "
  • 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date
    • ", + "

    When a youth order becomes spent

    ", + "

    A youth order becomes spent either:

    ", + "
  • 6 months after its end date
    • ", + "
  • 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date
    • ", + "

    When a referral order becomes spent

    ", + "

    A referral order becomes spent on its end date.

    ", + "

    Discharges

    ", + "

    A discharge is a type of conviction where a court finds you guilty but does not give you a sentence because the offence is very minor.

    ", + "

    The conviction could be:

    ", + "
  • an absolute discharge
    • ", + "
  • a conditional discharge, where you could still get a sentence if you break the conditions
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018bind over\u2019, where you could get a fine if you break the conditions
    • ", + "

    Whether a discharge or bind over is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.

    ", + "

    When an absolute discharge becomes spent

    ", + "

    It becomes spent straight away.

    ", + "

    When conditional discharges and bind overs become spent

    ", + "

    They become spent either:

    ", + "
  • on the date they end
    • ", + "
  • 2 years after you got one, if there\u2019s no end date
    • ", + "

    Military convictions

    ", + "

    A court might give you a military conviction if they find you guilty of a crime while you served in the British armed forces.

    ", + "

    The conviction might be:

    ", + "
  • a dismissal
    • ", + "
  • a service detention
    • ", + "
  • an overseas community order
    • ", + "
  • a service community order
    • ", + "

    Whether a military conviction is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.

    ", + "

    When military convictions become spent

    ", + "

    How long it takes for a conviction to become spent depends on how old you were when you were convicted. If you were:

    ", + "
  • 18 or over it takes 12 months
    • ", + "
  • under 18 it takes 6 months
    • ", + "

    The length of time is calculated from:

    ", + "
  • the date of your conviction for dismissals
    • ", + "
  • the day on which the sentence is complete for service detentions
    • ", + "
  • the end date for overseas and community service orders - if the order has no end date, it becomes spent after 2 years
    • ", + "

    If you were given both a dismissal and a service detention then the longer of the two spent dates applies.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/contract-types-and-employer-responsibilities": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contract-types-and-employer-responsibilities", + "title": "Contract types and employer responsibilities", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAs an employer, the tax and employment responsibilities you have for your staff will depend on the type of contract you give them and their employment status.\n\nContract types include:\n\n- full-time and part-time contracts\n\n- fixed-term contracts\n\n- agency staff\n\n- freelancers, consultants, contractors\n\n- zero-hours contracts\n\nThere are also special rules for employing family members, young people and volunteers.\n\n## Full-time and part-time contracts\n\nAs an employer you must give employees:\n\n- a written statement of employment or contract\n\n- the statutory minimum level of paid holiday\n\n- a payslip showing all deductions, such as National Insurance contributions (NICs)\n\n- the statutory minimum length of rest breaks\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)\n\n- maternity, paternity and adoption pay and leave\n\nYou must also:\n\n- make sure employees do not work longer than the maximum allowed\n\n- pay employees at least the minimum wage\n\n- have employer\u2019s liability insurance\n\n- provide a safe and secure working environment\n\n- register with HM Revenue and Customs to deal with payroll, tax and NICs\n\n- consider flexible working requests\n\n- avoid discrimination in the workplace\n\n- make reasonable adjustments to your business premises if your employee is disabled\n\n## Fixed-term contracts\n\nFixed-term contracts:\n\n- last for a certain length of time\n\n- are set in advance\n\n- end when a specific task is completed\n\n- end when a specific event takes place\n\nFixed-term employees must receive the same treatment as full-time permanent staff.\n\nFind out more about fixed-term employees\u2019 rights, and what to do about renewing or ending a fixed-term contract.\n\n## Agency staff\n\nAs an employer, you can hire temporary staff through agencies. This means:\n\n- you pay the agency, including the employee\u2019s National Insurance contributions (NICs) and Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)\n\n- it\u2019s the agency\u2019s responsibility to make sure workers get their rights under working time regulations\n\n- after 12 weeks\u2019 continuous employment in the same role, agency workers get the same terms and conditions as permanent employees, including pay, working time, rest periods, night work, breaks and annual leave\n\n- you must provide the agency with information about the relevant terms and conditions in your business so that they can ensure the worker gets equal treatment after 12 weeks in the same job\n\n- you must allow agency workers to use any shared facilities (for example a staff canteen or childcare) and give them information about job vacancies from the first day they work there\n\n- you are still responsible for their health and safety\n\n## Freelancers, consultants and contractors\n\nIf you hire a freelancer, consultant or contractor it means that:\n\n- they are self-employed or are part of other companies\n\n- they often look after their own tax and National Insurance contributions (NICs)\n\n- they might not be entitled to the same rights as workers, such as minimum wage\n\n- you\u2019re still responsible for their health and safety\n\n## Zero-hours contracts\n\nZero-hours contracts are also known as casual contracts. Zero-hours contracts are usually for \u2018piece work\u2019 or \u2018on call\u2019 work, for example for interpreters.\n\nThis means:\n\n- they are on call to work when you need them\n\n- you do not have to give them work\n\n- they do not have to do work when asked\n\nZero-hours workers are entitled to statutory annual leave and the National Minimum Wage in the same way as regular workers.\n\nYou cannot do anything to stop a zero-hours worker from getting work elsewhere. The law says they can ignore a clause in their contract if it bans them from:\n\n- looking for work\n\n- accepting work from another employer\n\nYou are still responsible for health and safety of staff on zero-hours contracts.\n\n## Employing family, young people and volunteers\n\n## Family\n\nIf you hire family members you must:\n\n- avoid special treatment in terms of pay, promotion and working conditions\n\n- make sure tax and National Insurance contributions are still paid\n\n- follow working time regulations for younger family members\n\n- have employer\u2019s liability insurance that covers any young family members\n\n- check if you need to provide them with a workplace pension scheme\n\n## Volunteers and voluntary staff\n\nWhen taking on volunteers or voluntary staff you:\n\n- are responsible for their health and safety\n\n- must give inductions and training in the tasks they\u2019re going to do\n\n## Young people\n\nYou can employ young people if they are 13 or over but there are special rules about how long they can work and what jobs they can do. Once someone is 18 they\u2019re classed as an \u2018adult worker\u2019 and different rules apply.\n\nAs well as following these rules you must do a risk assessment before taking on young workers.\n\nYoung people may also have certain employment rights like:\n\n- statutory maternity pay and ordinary statutory paternity pay if they qualify as a result of their continuous employment\n\n- paid time off for study and training\n\n- redundancy pay\n\nYoung workers and apprentices have different rates from adult workers for the National Minimum Wage.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As an employer, the tax and employment responsibilities you have for your staff will depend on the type of contract you give them and their employment status.

    ", + "

    Contract types include:

    ", + "
  • full-time and part-time contracts
    • ", + "
  • fixed-term contracts
    • ", + "
  • agency staff
    • ", + "
  • freelancers, consultants, contractors
    • ", + "
  • zero-hours contracts
    • ", + "

    There are also special rules for employing family members, young people and volunteers.

    ", + "

    Full-time and part-time contracts

    ", + "

    As an employer you must give employees:

    ", + "
  • a written statement of employment or contract
    • ", + "
  • the statutory minimum level of paid holiday
    • ", + "
  • a payslip showing all deductions, such as National Insurance contributions (NICs)
    • ", + "
  • the statutory minimum length of rest breaks
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)
    • ", + "
  • maternity, paternity and adoption pay and leave
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • make sure employees do not work longer than the maximum allowed
    • ", + "
  • pay employees at least the minimum wage
    • ", + "
  • have employer\u2019s liability insurance
    • ", + "
  • provide a safe and secure working environment
    • ", + "
  • register with HM Revenue and Customs to deal with payroll, tax and NICs
    • ", + "
  • consider flexible working requests
    • ", + "
  • avoid discrimination in the workplace
    • ", + "
  • make reasonable adjustments to your business premises if your employee is disabled
    • ", + "

    Fixed-term contracts

    ", + "

    Fixed-term contracts:

    ", + "
  • last for a certain length of time
    • ", + "
  • are set in advance
    • ", + "
  • end when a specific task is completed
    • ", + "
  • end when a specific event takes place
    • ", + "

    Fixed-term employees must receive the same treatment as full-time permanent staff.

    ", + "

    Find out more about fixed-term employees\u2019 rights, and what to do about renewing or ending a fixed-term contract.

    ", + "

    Agency staff

    ", + "

    As an employer, you can hire temporary staff through agencies. This means:

    ", + "
  • you pay the agency, including the employee\u2019s National Insurance contributions (NICs) and Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s the agency\u2019s responsibility to make sure workers get their rights under working time regulations
    • ", + "
  • after 12 weeks\u2019 continuous employment in the same role, agency workers get the same terms and conditions as permanent employees, including pay, working time, rest periods, night work, breaks and annual leave
    • ", + "
  • you must provide the agency with information about the relevant terms and conditions in your business so that they can ensure the worker gets equal treatment after 12 weeks in the same job
    • ", + "
  • you must allow agency workers to use any shared facilities (for example a staff canteen or childcare) and give them information about job vacancies from the first day they work there
    • ", + "
  • you are still responsible for their health and safety
    • ", + "

    Freelancers, consultants and contractors

    ", + "

    If you hire a freelancer, consultant or contractor it means that:

    ", + "
  • they are self-employed or are part of other companies
    • ", + "
  • they often look after their own tax and National Insurance contributions (NICs)
    • ", + "
  • they might not be entitled to the same rights as workers, such as minimum wage
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still responsible for their health and safety
    • ", + "

    Zero-hours contracts

    ", + "

    Zero-hours contracts are also known as casual contracts. Zero-hours contracts are usually for \u2018piece work\u2019 or \u2018on call\u2019 work, for example for interpreters.

    ", + "

    This means:

    ", + "
  • they are on call to work when you need them
    • ", + "
  • you do not have to give them work
    • ", + "
  • they do not have to do work when asked
    • ", + "

    Zero-hours workers are entitled to statutory annual leave and the National Minimum Wage in the same way as regular workers.

    ", + "

    You cannot do anything to stop a zero-hours worker from getting work elsewhere. The law says they can ignore a clause in their contract if it bans them from:

    ", + "
  • looking for work
    • ", + "
  • accepting work from another employer
    • ", + "

    You are still responsible for health and safety of staff on zero-hours contracts.

    ", + "

    Employing family, young people and volunteers

    ", + "

    Family

    ", + "

    If you hire family members you must:

    ", + "
  • avoid special treatment in terms of pay, promotion and working conditions
    • ", + "
  • make sure tax and National Insurance contributions are still paid
    • ", + "
  • follow working time regulations for younger family members
    • ", + "
  • have employer\u2019s liability insurance that covers any young family members
    • ", + "
  • check if you need to provide them with a workplace pension scheme
    • ", + "

    Volunteers and voluntary staff

    ", + "

    When taking on volunteers or voluntary staff you:

    ", + "
  • are responsible for their health and safety
    • ", + "
  • must give inductions and training in the tasks they\u2019re going to do
    • ", + "

    Young people

    ", + "

    You can employ young people if they are 13 or over but there are special rules about how long they can work and what jobs they can do. Once someone is 18 they\u2019re classed as an \u2018adult worker\u2019 and different rules apply.

    ", + "

    As well as following these rules you must do a risk assessment before taking on young workers.

    ", + "

    Young people may also have certain employment rights like:

    ", + "
  • statutory maternity pay and ordinary statutory paternity pay if they qualify as a result of their continuous employment
    • ", + "
  • paid time off for study and training
    • ", + "
  • redundancy pay
    • ", + "

    Young workers and apprentices have different rates from adult workers for the National Minimum Wage.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/employer-preventing-discrimination": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-preventing-discrimination", + "title": "Employers: preventing discrimination", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIt is against the law to treat someone less favourably than someone else because of a personal characteristic such as religion, sex, gender reassignment or age.\n\nDiscrimination can include:\n\n- not hiring someone\n\n- selecting a particular person for redundancy\n\n- paying someone less than another worker without good reason\n\nYou can discriminate against someone even if you do not intend to. For example, you can discriminate indirectly by offering working conditions or rules that disadvantage one group of people more than another.\n\n## Discrimination during recruitment\n\n## Discrimination in job adverts\n\nYou must not state or imply in a job advert that you\u2019ll discriminate against anyone. This includes saying that you are not able to cater for workers with a disability.\n\nOnly use phrases like \u2018recent graduate\u2019 or \u2018highly experienced\u2019 when these are actual requirements of the job. Otherwise you could discriminate against younger or older people who might not have had the opportunity to get qualifications.\n\nWhere you advertise might cause indirect discrimination - for example, advertising only in men\u2019s magazines.\n\n## Get help advertising a job without discriminating\n\n## Questions you cannot ask when recruiting\n\nYou must not ask candidates about \u2018protected characteristics\u2019 or whether they:\n\n- are married, single or in a civil partnership\n\n- have children or plan to have children\n\n## Asking about health or disability\n\nYou can only ask about health or disability if:\n\n- there are necessary requirements of the job that cannot be met with reasonable adjustments\n\n- you\u2019re finding out if someone needs help to take part in a selection test or interview\n\n- you\u2019re using \u2018positive action\u2019 to recruit a disabled person\n\nYou might be breaking the law if any discrimination happens during their recruitment process, even if you use a recruitment agency.\n\n## Asking for a date of birth\n\nYou can only ask for someone\u2019s date of birth on an application form if they must be a certain age to do the job, for example selling alcohol.\n\nYou can ask someone their date of birth on a separate equality monitoring form. You should not let the person selecting or interviewing candidates see this form.\n\n## Spent criminal convictions\n\nApplicants do not have to tell you about criminal convictions that are spent. You must treat the applicant as if the conviction has not happened, and cannot refuse to employ the person because of their conviction.\n\nThere are some areas of employment that are exempt from this rule, for example schools.\n\n## Trade union membership\n\nYou must not use membership of a trade union as a factor in deciding whether to employ someone. This includes:\n\n- not employing someone because they\u2019re a member of a trade union\n\n- insisting someone joins a trade union before you\u2019ll employ them\n\n## Employing people with protected characteristics\n\nYou can choose a candidate who has a protected characteristic over one who does not if they\u2019re both suitable for the job and you think that people with that characteristic:\n\n- are underrepresented in the workforce, profession or industry\n\n- suffer a disadvantage connected to that characteristic (for example people from a certain ethnic group are not often given jobs in your sector)\n\nYou can only do this if you\u2019re trying to address the under-representation or disadvantage for that particular characteristic. You must make decisions on a case by case basis and not because of a certain policy.\n\nYou cannot choose a candidate who is not as suitable for the job just because they have a protected characteristic.\n\n## Favouring disabled candidates\n\nWhen a disabled person and a non-disabled person both meet the job requirements, you can treat the disabled person more favourably.\n\n## Discrimination during employment\n\nYou must not discriminate against your employees. This could be done by, for example:\n\n- introducing measures that discriminate between workers, for example a benefit for married \nemployees that\u2019s not available for people in a civil partnership\n\n- paying men and women different amounts (this includes benefits, for example company cars) when they\u2019re doing work of equal value\n\n- selecting someone for redundancy because they have a protected characteristic\n\n- failing to make reasonable adjustments for a disabled worker\n\n- firing someone for making an allegation of discrimination\n\n- firing someone because they\u2019re a union member\n\n- unfairly rejecting a request for flexible working from a new parent\n\nThis includes self-employed people on a contract for you.\n\nTraining and promotion cannot just happen because of an employee\u2019s age or the time they\u2019ve worked for you.\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to ask employees about their future career plans, including retirement. But you cannot just choose older workers for discussions about retirement. Such talks should be part of general discussions about each worker\u2019s career development.\n\n## Employment tribunals\n\nAn employee who thinks they\u2019ve been discriminated against may raise a grievance or take their case to an employment tribunal.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for discrimination carried out by your employees unless you can show you\u2019ve done everything you reasonably could to prevent or stop it.\n\n## Employing family members\n\nIf you hire members of your family you must:\n\n- avoid special treatment in terms of pay, promotion and working conditions\n\n- make sure tax and National Insurance contributions are done correctly\n\n## Gender reassignment\n\nThe moment a worker tells their employer that they\u2019re having gender reassignment, they\u2019re protected from discrimination. Discrimination includes:\n\n- disadvantaging the worker because of the time they have to take off because of medical treatment\n\n- not enabling the worker to use facilities appropriate to their gender\n\nTo avoid discrimination, you must:\n\n- change your records (for example human resources records) when the worker has a Gender Reassignment Certificate and a new birth certificate\n\n- ensure complete confidentiality of all information the worker gives you about their gender history", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    It is against the law to treat someone less favourably than someone else because of a personal characteristic such as religion, sex, gender reassignment or age.

    ", + "

    Discrimination can include:

    ", + "
  • not hiring someone
    • ", + "
  • selecting a particular person for redundancy
    • ", + "
  • paying someone less than another worker without good reason
    • ", + "

    You can discriminate against someone even if you do not intend to. For example, you can discriminate indirectly by offering working conditions or rules that disadvantage one group of people more than another.

    ", + "

    Discrimination during recruitment

    ", + "

    Discrimination in job adverts

    ", + "

    You must not state or imply in a job advert that you\u2019ll discriminate against anyone. This includes saying that you are not able to cater for workers with a disability.

    ", + "

    Only use phrases like \u2018recent graduate\u2019 or \u2018highly experienced\u2019 when these are actual requirements of the job. Otherwise you could discriminate against younger or older people who might not have had the opportunity to get qualifications.

    ", + "

    Where you advertise might cause indirect discrimination - for example, advertising only in men\u2019s magazines.

    ", + "

    Get help advertising a job without discriminating

    ", + "

    Questions you cannot ask when recruiting

    ", + "

    You must not ask candidates about \u2018protected characteristics\u2019 or whether they:

    ", + "
  • are married, single or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • have children or plan to have children
    • ", + "

    Asking about health or disability

    ", + "

    You can only ask about health or disability if:

    ", + "
  • there are necessary requirements of the job that cannot be met with reasonable adjustments
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re finding out if someone needs help to take part in a selection test or interview
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re using \u2018positive action\u2019 to recruit a disabled person
    • ", + "

    You might be breaking the law if any discrimination happens during their recruitment process, even if you use a recruitment agency.

    ", + "

    Asking for a date of birth

    ", + "

    You can only ask for someone\u2019s date of birth on an application form if they must be a certain age to do the job, for example selling alcohol.

    ", + "

    You can ask someone their date of birth on a separate equality monitoring form. You should not let the person selecting or interviewing candidates see this form.

    ", + "

    Spent criminal convictions

    ", + "

    Applicants do not have to tell you about criminal convictions that are spent. You must treat the applicant as if the conviction has not happened, and cannot refuse to employ the person because of their conviction.

    ", + "

    There are some areas of employment that are exempt from this rule, for example schools.

    ", + "

    Trade union membership

    ", + "

    You must not use membership of a trade union as a factor in deciding whether to employ someone. This includes:

    ", + "
  • not employing someone because they\u2019re a member of a trade union
    • ", + "
  • insisting someone joins a trade union before you\u2019ll employ them
    • ", + "

    Employing people with protected characteristics

    ", + "

    You can choose a candidate who has a protected characteristic over one who does not if they\u2019re both suitable for the job and you think that people with that characteristic:

    ", + "
  • are underrepresented in the workforce, profession or industry
    • ", + "
  • suffer a disadvantage connected to that characteristic (for example people from a certain ethnic group are not often given jobs in your sector)
    • ", + "

    You can only do this if you\u2019re trying to address the under-representation or disadvantage for that particular characteristic. You must make decisions on a case by case basis and not because of a certain policy.

    ", + "

    You cannot choose a candidate who is not as suitable for the job just because they have a protected characteristic.

    ", + "

    Favouring disabled candidates

    ", + "

    When a disabled person and a non-disabled person both meet the job requirements, you can treat the disabled person more favourably.

    ", + "

    Discrimination during employment

    ", + "

    You must not discriminate against your employees. This could be done by, for example:

    ", + "
  • introducing measures that discriminate between workers, for example a benefit for married \nemployees that\u2019s not available for people in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • paying men and women different amounts (this includes benefits, for example company cars) when they\u2019re doing work of equal value
    • ", + "
  • selecting someone for redundancy because they have a protected characteristic
    • ", + "
  • failing to make reasonable adjustments for a disabled worker
    • ", + "
  • firing someone for making an allegation of discrimination
    • ", + "
  • firing someone because they\u2019re a union member
    • ", + "
  • unfairly rejecting a request for flexible working from a new parent
    • ", + "

    This includes self-employed people on a contract for you.

    ", + "

    Training and promotion cannot just happen because of an employee\u2019s age or the time they\u2019ve worked for you.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re allowed to ask employees about their future career plans, including retirement. But you cannot just choose older workers for discussions about retirement. Such talks should be part of general discussions about each worker\u2019s career development.

    ", + "

    Employment tribunals

    ", + "

    An employee who thinks they\u2019ve been discriminated against may raise a grievance or take their case to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for discrimination carried out by your employees unless you can show you\u2019ve done everything you reasonably could to prevent or stop it.

    ", + "

    Employing family members

    ", + "

    If you hire members of your family you must:

    ", + "
  • avoid special treatment in terms of pay, promotion and working conditions
    • ", + "
  • make sure tax and National Insurance contributions are done correctly
    • ", + "

    Gender reassignment

    ", + "

    The moment a worker tells their employer that they\u2019re having gender reassignment, they\u2019re protected from discrimination. Discrimination includes:

    ", + "
  • disadvantaging the worker because of the time they have to take off because of medical treatment
    • ", + "
  • not enabling the worker to use facilities appropriate to their gender
    • ", + "

    To avoid discrimination, you must:

    ", + "
  • change your records (for example human resources records) when the worker has a Gender Reassignment Certificate and a new birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • ensure complete confidentiality of all information the worker gives you about their gender history
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/employment-contracts-and-conditions": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-contracts-and-conditions", + "title": "Employment contracts", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAll employees have an employment contract with their employer. A contract is an agreement that sets out an employee\u2019s:\n\n- employment conditions\n\n- rights\n\n- responsibilities\n\n- duties\n\nThese are called the \u2018terms\u2019 of the contract.\n\nEmployees and employers must stick to a contract until it ends (for example, by an employer or employee giving notice or an employee being dismissed) or until the terms are changed (usually by agreement between the employee and employer).\n\nIf a person has an agreement to do some work for someone (like paint their house), this isn\u2019t an employment contract but a \u2018contract to provide services\u2019.\n\n## Accepting a contract\n\nAs soon as someone accepts a job offer they have a contract with their employer. An employment contract does not have to be written down.\n\n## Contract terms\n\nThe legal parts of a contract are known as \u2018terms\u2019. An employer should make clear which parts of a contract are legally binding.\n\nContract terms could be:\n\n- in a written contract, or similar document like a written statement of employment\n\n- verbally agreed\n\n- in an employee handbook or on a company notice board\n\n- in an offer letter from the employer\n\n- required by law (for example, an employer must pay employees at least the National Minimum Wage)\n\n- in collective agreements - negotiated agreements between employers and trade unions or staff associations\n\n- implied terms - automatically part of a contract even if they\u2019re not written down\n\n## Implied terms\n\nIf there\u2019s nothing clearly agreed between you and your employer about a particular issue, it may be covered by an implied term - for example:\n\n- employees not stealing from their employer\n\n- your employer providing a safe and secure working environment\n\n- a legal requirement like the right to a minimum of 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holidays\n\n- something necessary to do the job like a driver having a valid licence\n\n- something that\u2019s been done regularly in a company over a long time like paying a Christmas bonus\n\n## Collective agreements\n\nAn employer may have an agreement with employees\u2019 representatives (from trade unions or staff associations) that allows negotiations of terms and conditions like pay or working hours. This is called a collective agreement.\n\nThe terms of the agreement could include:\n\n- how negotiations will be organised\n\n- who will represent employees\n\n- which employees are covered by the agreement\n\n- which terms and conditions the agreement will cover\n\n## Written statement of employment particulars\n\nAn employer must give employees and workers a document stating the main conditions of employment when they start work. This is known as a \u2018written statement of employment particulars\u2019. It is not an employment contract.\n\nThe written statement is made up of:\n\n- the main document (known as a \u2018principal statement\u2019)\n\n- a wider written statement\n\nThe employer must provide the principal statement on the first day of employment and the wider written statement within 2 months of the start of employment.\n\nEmployers must tell employees or workers about any changes to the written statement. They must do this within one month of making the change.\n\nThere are special rules for agencies on documents that they need to provide to agency workers.\n\n## The principal statement\n\nThe principal statement must include at least:\n\n- the employer\u2019s name\n\n- the employee\u2019s or worker\u2019s name, job title or a description of work and start date\n\n- how much and how often an employee or worker will get paid\n\n- hours and days of work and if and how they may vary (also if employees or workers will have to work Sundays, nights or overtime)\n\n- holiday entitlement (and if that includes public holidays)\n\n- where an employee or worker will be working and whether they might have to relocate\n\n- if an employee or worker works in different places, where these will be and what the employer\u2019s address is\n\n- how long a job is expected to last (and what the end date is if it\u2019s a fixed-term contract)\n\n- how long any probation period is and what its conditions are\n\n- any other benefits (for example, childcare vouchers and lunch)\n\n- obligatory training, whether or not this is paid for by the employer\n\nFor employees, it must also include the date that a previous job started if it counts towards a period of continuous employment.\n\n## Working abroad\n\nIf an employee or worker has to work outside the UK for more than a month, the principal statement must also include:\n\n- how long they\u2019ll be abroad\n\n- what currency they\u2019ll be paid in\n\n- what additional pay or benefits they\u2019ll get\n\n- terms relating to their return to the UK\n\n## Other information the employer must give on day one\n\nOn the first day of employment the employer must also provide the employee or worker with information about:\n\n- sick pay and procedures\n\n- other paid leave (for example, maternity leave and paternity leave)\n\n- notice periods\n\nThe employer can choose whether to include this information in the principal statement or provide it in a separate document. If they provide it in a separate document, this must be something that the employee or worker has reasonable access to, such as on the employer\u2019s intranet.\n\n## The wider written statement\n\nEmployers must give employees and workers a wider written statement within 2 months of the start of employment. This must include information about:\n\n- pensions and pension schemes\n\n- collective agreements\n\n- any other right to non-compulsory training provided by the employer\n\n- disciplinary and grievance procedures\n\n## Problems with a written statement\n\nIf an employee or worker has a problem receiving their written statement, they can:\n\n- Try to solve the problem with their employer informally.\n\n- If this does not work, take out a grievance against their employer (employers can also get advice about handling grievances).\n\n- Take a case to an employment tribunal as a last resort.\n\nThe tribunal will decide what the employment particulars in the statement should have been.\n\n## Compensation\n\nIf an employee or worker wins a case about another issue (for example, unauthorised deductions from their wage slip), the tribunal may award compensation if there\u2019s been a problem with their written statement as well.\n\nCompensation can be up to 4 weeks\u2019 pay although there\u2019s a limit on how much a tribunal will award for a week\u2019s pay.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    All employees have an employment contract with their employer. A contract is an agreement that sets out an employee\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • employment conditions
    • ", + "
  • rights
    • ", + "
  • responsibilities
    • ", + "
  • duties
    • ", + "

    These are called the \u2018terms\u2019 of the contract.

    ", + "

    Employees and employers must stick to a contract until it ends (for example, by an employer or employee giving notice or an employee being dismissed) or until the terms are changed (usually by agreement between the employee and employer).

    ", + "

    If a person has an agreement to do some work for someone (like paint their house), this isn\u2019t an employment contract but a \u2018contract to provide services\u2019.

    ", + "

    Accepting a contract

    ", + "

    As soon as someone accepts a job offer they have a contract with their employer. An employment contract does not have to be written down.

    ", + "

    Contract terms

    ", + "

    The legal parts of a contract are known as \u2018terms\u2019. An employer should make clear which parts of a contract are legally binding.

    ", + "

    Contract terms could be:

    ", + "
  • in a written contract, or similar document like a written statement of employment
    • ", + "
  • verbally agreed
    • ", + "
  • in an employee handbook or on a company notice board
    • ", + "
  • in an offer letter from the employer
    • ", + "
  • required by law (for example, an employer must pay employees at least the National Minimum Wage)
    • ", + "
  • in collective agreements - negotiated agreements between employers and trade unions or staff associations
    • ", + "
  • implied terms - automatically part of a contract even if they\u2019re not written down
    • ", + "

    Implied terms

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s nothing clearly agreed between you and your employer about a particular issue, it may be covered by an implied term - for example:

    ", + "
  • employees not stealing from their employer
    • ", + "
  • your employer providing a safe and secure working environment
    • ", + "
  • a legal requirement like the right to a minimum of 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holidays
    • ", + "
  • something necessary to do the job like a driver having a valid licence
    • ", + "
  • something that\u2019s been done regularly in a company over a long time like paying a Christmas bonus
    • ", + "

    Collective agreements

    ", + "

    An employer may have an agreement with employees\u2019 representatives (from trade unions or staff associations) that allows negotiations of terms and conditions like pay or working hours. This is called a collective agreement.

    ", + "

    The terms of the agreement could include:

    ", + "
  • how negotiations will be organised
    • ", + "
  • who will represent employees
    • ", + "
  • which employees are covered by the agreement
    • ", + "
  • which terms and conditions the agreement will cover
    • ", + "

    Written statement of employment particulars

    ", + "

    An employer must give employees and workers a document stating the main conditions of employment when they start work. This is known as a \u2018written statement of employment particulars\u2019. It is not an employment contract.

    ", + "

    The written statement is made up of:

    ", + "
  • the main document (known as a \u2018principal statement\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a wider written statement
    • ", + "

    The employer must provide the principal statement on the first day of employment and the wider written statement within 2 months of the start of employment.

    ", + "

    Employers must tell employees or workers about any changes to the written statement. They must do this within one month of making the change.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for agencies on documents that they need to provide to agency workers.

    ", + "

    The principal statement

    ", + "

    The principal statement must include at least:

    ", + "
  • the employer\u2019s name
    • ", + "
  • the employee\u2019s or worker\u2019s name, job title or a description of work and start date
    • ", + "
  • how much and how often an employee or worker will get paid
    • ", + "
  • hours and days of work and if and how they may vary (also if employees or workers will have to work Sundays, nights or overtime)
    • ", + "
  • holiday entitlement (and if that includes public holidays)
    • ", + "
  • where an employee or worker will be working and whether they might have to relocate
    • ", + "
  • if an employee or worker works in different places, where these will be and what the employer\u2019s address is
    • ", + "
  • how long a job is expected to last (and what the end date is if it\u2019s a fixed-term contract)
    • ", + "
  • how long any probation period is and what its conditions are
    • ", + "
  • any other benefits (for example, childcare vouchers and lunch)
    • ", + "
  • obligatory training, whether or not this is paid for by the employer
    • ", + "

    For employees, it must also include the date that a previous job started if it counts towards a period of continuous employment.

    ", + "

    Working abroad

    ", + "

    If an employee or worker has to work outside the UK for more than a month, the principal statement must also include:

    ", + "
  • how long they\u2019ll be abroad
    • ", + "
  • what currency they\u2019ll be paid in
    • ", + "
  • what additional pay or benefits they\u2019ll get
    • ", + "
  • terms relating to their return to the UK
    • ", + "

    Other information the employer must give on day one

    ", + "

    On the first day of employment the employer must also provide the employee or worker with information about:

    ", + "
  • sick pay and procedures
    • ", + "
  • other paid leave (for example, maternity leave and paternity leave)
    • ", + "
  • notice periods
    • ", + "

    The employer can choose whether to include this information in the principal statement or provide it in a separate document. If they provide it in a separate document, this must be something that the employee or worker has reasonable access to, such as on the employer\u2019s intranet.

    ", + "

    The wider written statement

    ", + "

    Employers must give employees and workers a wider written statement within 2 months of the start of employment. This must include information about:

    ", + "
  • pensions and pension schemes
    • ", + "
  • collective agreements
    • ", + "
  • any other right to non-compulsory training provided by the employer
    • ", + "
  • disciplinary and grievance procedures
    • ", + "

    Problems with a written statement

    ", + "

    If an employee or worker has a problem receiving their written statement, they can:

    ", + "
  • Try to solve the problem with their employer informally.
    • ", + "
  • If this does not work, take out a grievance against their employer (employers can also get advice about handling grievances).
    • ", + "
  • Take a case to an employment tribunal as a last resort.
    • ", + "

    The tribunal will decide what the employment particulars in the statement should have been.

    ", + "

    Compensation

    ", + "

    If an employee or worker wins a case about another issue (for example, unauthorised deductions from their wage slip), the tribunal may award compensation if there\u2019s been a problem with their written statement as well.

    ", + "

    Compensation can be up to 4 weeks\u2019 pay although there\u2019s a limit on how much a tribunal will award for a week\u2019s pay.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/employment-status": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-status", + "title": "Employment status", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIn employment law a person\u2019s employment status helps determine:\n\n- their rights\n\n- their employer\u2019s responsibilities\n\nA person may have a different employment status in tax law.\n\nThe main types of employment status are:\n\n- worker\n\n- employee\n\n- self-employed and contractor\n\n- director\n\n- office holder\n\nContact Acas (or the Labour Relations Agency in Northern Ireland) for advice about employment status, employee rights or employer responsibilities.\n\nCourts and tribunals can make final decisions on employment status.\n\n## Worker\n\nA person is generally classed as a \u2018worker\u2019 if:\n\n- they have a contract or other arrangement to do work or services personally for a reward (your contract doesn\u2019t have to be written)\n\n- their reward is for money or a benefit in kind, for example the promise of a contract or future work\n\n- they only have a limited right to send someone else to do the work (subcontract)\n\n- they have to turn up for work even if they don\u2019t want to\n\n- their employer has to have work for them to do as long as the contract or arrangement lasts\n\n- they aren\u2019t doing the work as part of their own limited company in an arrangement where the \u2018employer\u2019 is actually a customer or client\n\n## Employment rights\n\nWorkers are entitled to certain employment rights, including:\n\n- getting the National Minimum Wage\n\n- protection against unlawful deductions from wages\n\n- the\u00a0statutory minimum level of paid holiday\n\n- the statutory minimum length of rest breaks\n\n- to not work more than 48 hours on average per week or to opt out of this right if they choose\n\n- protection against unlawful discrimination\n\n- protection for \u2018whistleblowing\u2019 - reporting wrongdoing in the workplace\n\n- to not be treated less favourably if they work part-time\n\nThey may also be entitled to:\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Shared Parental Pay\n\nAgency workers have specific rights from the first day at work.\n\nWorkers usually aren\u2019t entitled to:\n\n- minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal\n\n- the right to request flexible working\n\n- time off for emergencies\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\n## Casual or irregular work\n\nSomeone is likely to be a worker if most of these apply:\n\n- they occasionally do work for a specific business\n\n- the business doesn\u2019t have to offer them work and they don\u2019t have to accept it - they only work when they want to\n\n- their contract with the business uses terms like \u2018casual\u2019, \u2018freelance\u2019, \u2018zero hours\u2019, \u2018as required\u2019 or something similar\n\n- they had to agree with the business\u2019s terms and conditions to get work - either verbally or in writing\n\n- they are under the supervision or control of a manager or director\n\n- they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work\n\n- the business deducts tax and National Insurance contributions from their wages\n\n- the business provides materials, tools or equipment they need to do the work\n\n## Employee\n\nAn employee is someone who works under an employment contract.\n\nA person may be an employee in employment law but have a different status for tax purposes. Employers must work out each worker\u2019s status in both employment law and tax law.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAll employees are workers, but an employee has extra employment rights and responsibilities that don\u2019t apply to workers who aren\u2019t employees.\n\nThese rights include all of the rights workers have and:\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- statutory maternity, paternity, adoption and shared parental leave and pay (workers only get pay, not leave)\n\n- minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal\n\n- the right to request flexible working\n\n- time off for emergencies\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\nSome of these rights require a minimum length of continuous employment before an employee qualifies for them. An employment contract may state how long this qualification period is.\n\n## Working out employment status for an employee\n\nSomeone who works for a business is probably an employee if most of the following are true:\n\n- they\u2019re required to work regularly unless they\u2019re on leave, for example holiday, sick leave or maternity leave\n\n- they\u2019re required to do a minimum number of hours and expect to be paid for time worked\n\n- a manager or supervisor is responsible for their workload, saying when a piece of work should be finished and how it should be done\n\n- they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work\n\n- they get paid holiday\n\n- they\u2019re entitled to contractual or Statutory Sick Pay, and maternity or paternity pay\n\n- they can join the business\u2019s pension scheme\n\n- the business\u2019s disciplinary and grievance procedures apply to them\n\n- they work at the business\u2019s premises or at an address specified by the business\n\n- their contract sets out redundancy procedures\n\n- the business provides the materials, tools and equipment for their work\n\n- they only work for the business or if they do have another job, it\u2019s completely different from their work for the business\n\n- their contract, statement of terms and conditions or offer letter (which can be described as an \u2018employment contract\u2019) uses terms like \u2018employer\u2019 and \u2018employee\u2019\n\nIf most of these don\u2019t apply, you should work out if the person is self-employed.\n\nIndividuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.\n\n## Employee shareholders\n\nAn employee shareholder is someone who works under an employment contract and owns at least \u00a32,000 worth of shares in the employer\u2019s company or parent company.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nEmployee shareholders have most of the same employment rights as workers and employees.\n\nThey also have the right to collective redundancy consultation and transfer of undertakings (TUPE) - this protects the employee\u2019s terms and conditions when the business is transferred to a new owner.\n\nEmployee shareholders don\u2019t have these rights:\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal - apart from dismissal on grounds of discrimination and in relation to health and safety\n\n- statutory redundancy pay\n\n- the right to request flexible working - except in the 2 weeks after returning from parental leave\n\n- certain statutory rights to request time off for training\n\nEmployee shareholders must give 16 weeks notice if they want to come back early from maternity leave, additional paternity leave and adoption leave.\n\nEmployers can choose more generous employment rights than the statutory ones.\n\n## Tax relief and obligations\n\nEmployee shareholders can get tax relief on the first \u00a32,000 of shares they get before 1 December 2016.\n\nEmployee shareholders must pay tax on buying and selling shares.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has further guidance on tax relief for employee shareholders.\n\n## Applying for employment shareholder jobs\n\nAnyone can apply for an employee shareholder job.\n\nPeople claiming Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance don\u2019t have to apply for an employee shareholder job that Jobcentre Plus have told them about.\n\nExisting employees don\u2019t have to accept a change to an employment contract to become an employee shareholder if they don\u2019t want to.\n\n## Offering employment shareholder status\n\nEmployers must following certain rules when offering employment shareholder status to their employees.\n\n## Self-employed and contractor\n\nA person is self-employed if they run their business for themselves and take responsibility for its success or failure.\n\nSelf-employed workers aren\u2019t paid through PAYE, and they don\u2019t have the employment rights and responsibilities of employees.\n\nSomeone can be both employed and self-employed at the same time, for example if they work for an employer during the day and run their own business in the evenings.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nEmployment law doesn\u2019t cover self-employed people in most cases because they are their own boss.\n\nHowever, if a person is self-employed:\n\n- they still have protection for their health and safety and, in some cases, protection against discrimination\n\n- their rights and responsibilities are set out by the terms of the contract they have with their client\n\n## Working out if someone is self-employed\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may regard someone as self-employed for tax purposes even if they have a different status in employment law.\n\nEmployers should check if a worker is self-employed in:\n\n- tax law - whether they\u2019re exempt from PAYE\n\n- employment law - whether they have an employee\u2019s rights\n\nIndividuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.\n\n## Checking if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE\n\nSomeone is probably self-employed and shouldn\u2019t be paid through PAYE if most of the following are true:\n\n- they\u2019re in business for themselves, are responsible for the success or failure of their business and can make a loss or a profit\n\n- they can decide what work they do and when, where or how to do it\n\n- they can hire someone else to do the work\n\n- they\u2019re responsible for fixing any unsatisfactory work in their own time\n\n- their employer agrees a fixed price for their work - it doesn\u2019t depend on how long the job takes to finish\n\n- they use their own money to buy business assets, cover running costs, and provide tools and equipment for their work\n\n- they can work for more than one client\n\nYou can check someone\u2019s employment status:\n\n- online\n\n- by phone\n\nThere are special rules for businesses supplying workers, for example an employment agency.\n\n## Checking their employment rights\n\nSomeone is probably self-employed and doesn\u2019t have the rights of an employee if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE and most of the following are also true:\n\n- they put in bids or give quotes to get work\n\n- they\u2019re not under direct supervision when working\n\n- they submit invoices for the work they\u2019ve done\n\n- they\u2019re responsible for paying their own National Insurance and tax\n\n- they don\u2019t get holiday or sick pay when they\u2019re not working\n\n- they operate under a contract (sometimes known as a \u2018contract for services\u2019 or \u2018consultancy agreement\u2019) that uses terms like \u2018self-employed\u2019, \u2018consultant\u2019 or an \u2018independent contractor\u2019\n\n## Contractors\n\nA contractor can be:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- a worker or an employee if they work for a client and are employed by an agency\n\nThere\u2019s a special scheme for self-employed contractors and sub-contractors working in the construction industry called the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS).\n\n## If someone becomes self-employed\n\nA worker must tell HMRC if they become self-employed.\n\n## Director\n\nCompany directors run limited companies on behalf of shareholders.\n\nDirectors have different rights and responsibilities from employees, and are classed as office holders for tax and National Insurance contribution purposes.\n\nIf a person does other work that\u2019s not related to being a director, they may have an employment contract and get employment rights.\n\n## Office holder\n\nA person who\u2019s been appointed to a position by a company or organisation but doesn\u2019t have a contract or receive regular payment may be an office holder. This includes:\n\n- statutory appointments, such as registered company directors or secretaries, board members of statutory bodies, or crown appointments\n\n- appointments under the internal constitution of an organisation, such as club treasurers or trade union secretaries\n\n- appointments under a trust deed, such as trustees\n\n- ecclesiastical appointment, such as members of the clergy\n\nOffice holders are neither employees nor workers. However, it\u2019s possible for someone to be an office holder and an employee if they have an employment contract with the same company or organisation that meets the criteria for employees.\n\n## Working out employment status for an office holder\n\nSomeone is likely to be an office holder if most of these statements apply to them:\n\n- there is no contract or service agreement relating to their appointment\n\n- their duties are minimal, and are only those required under the relevant statute, constitution or trust deed\n\n- they don\u2019t get a salary or any other form of regular payment for their services\n\n- the only payment they get is a voluntary payment (honorarium), regardless of the work they do - tax and National Insurance are deducted by the appointing body\n\n- they\u2019re effectively working as an independent office, and are not under the close supervision or control of the appointing body\n\n## Legal decisions on employment status\n\nA court or employment tribunal (known as an industrial tribunal in Northern Ireland) can make a final decision on employment status for employment rights purposes. They\u2019ll look at how the employment relationship between the person and the business works in practice.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may separately argue that someone is self-employed for tax purposes. This may be confirmed by the tax tribunal and the courts.\n\nAn employment tribunal or court may still make a decision that someone is a worker or employee for employment rights purposes.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    In employment law a person\u2019s employment status helps determine:

    ", + "
  • their rights
    • ", + "
  • their employer\u2019s responsibilities
    • ", + "

    A person may have a different employment status in tax law.

    ", + "

    The main types of employment status are:

    ", + "
  • worker
    • ", + "
  • employee
    • ", + "
  • self-employed and contractor
    • ", + "
  • director
    • ", + "
  • office holder
    • ", + "

    Contact Acas (or the Labour Relations Agency in Northern Ireland) for advice about employment status, employee rights or employer responsibilities.

    ", + "

    Courts and tribunals can make final decisions on employment status.

    ", + "

    Worker

    ", + "

    A person is generally classed as a \u2018worker\u2019 if:

    ", + "
  • they have a contract or other arrangement to do work or services personally for a reward (your contract doesn\u2019t have to be written)
    • ", + "
  • their reward is for money or a benefit in kind, for example the promise of a contract or future work
    • ", + "
  • they only have a limited right to send someone else to do the work (subcontract)
    • ", + "
  • they have to turn up for work even if they don\u2019t want to
    • ", + "
  • their employer has to have work for them to do as long as the contract or arrangement lasts
    • ", + "
  • they aren\u2019t doing the work as part of their own limited company in an arrangement where the \u2018employer\u2019 is actually a customer or client
    • ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    Workers are entitled to certain employment rights, including:

    ", + "
  • getting the National Minimum Wage
    • ", + "
  • protection against unlawful deductions from wages
    • ", + "
  • the\u00a0statutory minimum level of paid holiday
    • ", + "
  • the statutory minimum length of rest breaks
    • ", + "
  • to not work more than 48 hours on average per week or to opt out of this right if they choose
    • ", + "
  • protection against unlawful discrimination
    • ", + "
  • protection for \u2018whistleblowing\u2019 - reporting wrongdoing in the workplace
    • ", + "
  • to not be treated less favourably if they work part-time
    • ", + "

    They may also be entitled to:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Paternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Pay
    • ", + "
  • Shared Parental Pay
    • ", + "

    Agency workers have specific rights from the first day at work.

    ", + "

    Workers usually aren\u2019t entitled to:

    ", + "
  • minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them
    • ", + "
  • protection against unfair dismissal
    • ", + "
  • the right to request flexible working
    • ", + "
  • time off for emergencies
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Redundancy Pay
    • ", + "

    Casual or irregular work

    ", + "

    Someone is likely to be a worker if most of these apply:

    ", + "
  • they occasionally do work for a specific business
    • ", + "
  • the business doesn\u2019t have to offer them work and they don\u2019t have to accept it - they only work when they want to
    • ", + "
  • their contract with the business uses terms like \u2018casual\u2019, \u2018freelance\u2019, \u2018zero hours\u2019, \u2018as required\u2019 or something similar
    • ", + "
  • they had to agree with the business\u2019s terms and conditions to get work - either verbally or in writing
    • ", + "
  • they are under the supervision or control of a manager or director
    • ", + "
  • they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work
    • ", + "
  • the business deducts tax and National Insurance contributions from their wages
    • ", + "
  • the business provides materials, tools or equipment they need to do the work
    • ", + "

    Employee

    ", + "

    An employee is someone who works under an employment contract.

    ", + "

    A person may be an employee in employment law but have a different status for tax purposes. Employers must work out each worker\u2019s status in both employment law and tax law.

    ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    All employees are workers, but an employee has extra employment rights and responsibilities that don\u2019t apply to workers who aren\u2019t employees.

    ", + "

    These rights include all of the rights workers have and:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • statutory maternity, paternity, adoption and shared parental leave and pay (workers only get pay, not leave)
    • ", + "
  • minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them
    • ", + "
  • protection against unfair dismissal
    • ", + "
  • the right to request flexible working
    • ", + "
  • time off for emergencies
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Redundancy Pay
    • ", + "

    Some of these rights require a minimum length of continuous employment before an employee qualifies for them. An employment contract may state how long this qualification period is.

    ", + "

    Working out employment status for an employee

    ", + "

    Someone who works for a business is probably an employee if most of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re required to work regularly unless they\u2019re on leave, for example holiday, sick leave or maternity leave
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re required to do a minimum number of hours and expect to be paid for time worked
    • ", + "
  • a manager or supervisor is responsible for their workload, saying when a piece of work should be finished and how it should be done
    • ", + "
  • they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work
    • ", + "
  • they get paid holiday
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re entitled to contractual or Statutory Sick Pay, and maternity or paternity pay
    • ", + "
  • they can join the business\u2019s pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • the business\u2019s disciplinary and grievance procedures apply to them
    • ", + "
  • they work at the business\u2019s premises or at an address specified by the business
    • ", + "
  • their contract sets out redundancy procedures
    • ", + "
  • the business provides the materials, tools and equipment for their work
    • ", + "
  • they only work for the business or if they do have another job, it\u2019s completely different from their work for the business
    • ", + "
  • their contract, statement of terms and conditions or offer letter (which can be described as an \u2018employment contract\u2019) uses terms like \u2018employer\u2019 and \u2018employee\u2019
    • ", + "

    If most of these don\u2019t apply, you should work out if the person is self-employed.

    ", + "

    Individuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.

    ", + "

    Employee shareholders

    ", + "

    An employee shareholder is someone who works under an employment contract and owns at least \u00a32,000 worth of shares in the employer\u2019s company or parent company.

    ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    Employee shareholders have most of the same employment rights as workers and employees.

    ", + "

    They also have the right to collective redundancy consultation and transfer of undertakings (TUPE) - this protects the employee\u2019s terms and conditions when the business is transferred to a new owner.

    ", + "

    Employee shareholders don\u2019t have these rights:

    ", + "
  • protection against unfair dismissal - apart from dismissal on grounds of discrimination and in relation to health and safety
    • ", + "
  • statutory redundancy pay
    • ", + "
  • the right to request flexible working - except in the 2 weeks after returning from parental leave
    • ", + "
  • certain statutory rights to request time off for training
    • ", + "

    Employee shareholders must give 16 weeks notice if they want to come back early from maternity leave, additional paternity leave and adoption leave.

    ", + "

    Employers can choose more generous employment rights than the statutory ones.

    ", + "

    Tax relief and obligations

    ", + "

    Employee shareholders can get tax relief on the first \u00a32,000 of shares they get before 1 December 2016.

    ", + "

    Employee shareholders must pay tax on buying and selling shares.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has further guidance on tax relief for employee shareholders.

    ", + "

    Applying for employment shareholder jobs

    ", + "

    Anyone can apply for an employee shareholder job.

    ", + "

    People claiming Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance don\u2019t have to apply for an employee shareholder job that Jobcentre Plus have told them about.

    ", + "

    Existing employees don\u2019t have to accept a change to an employment contract to become an employee shareholder if they don\u2019t want to.

    ", + "

    Offering employment shareholder status

    ", + "

    Employers must following certain rules when offering employment shareholder status to their employees.

    ", + "

    Self-employed and contractor

    ", + "

    A person is self-employed if they run their business for themselves and take responsibility for its success or failure.

    ", + "

    Self-employed workers aren\u2019t paid through PAYE, and they don\u2019t have the employment rights and responsibilities of employees.

    ", + "

    Someone can be both employed and self-employed at the same time, for example if they work for an employer during the day and run their own business in the evenings.

    ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    Employment law doesn\u2019t cover self-employed people in most cases because they are their own boss.

    ", + "

    However, if a person is self-employed:

    ", + "
  • they still have protection for their health and safety and, in some cases, protection against discrimination
    • ", + "
  • their rights and responsibilities are set out by the terms of the contract they have with their client
    • ", + "

    Working out if someone is self-employed

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may regard someone as self-employed for tax purposes even if they have a different status in employment law.

    ", + "

    Employers should check if a worker is self-employed in:

    ", + "
  • tax law - whether they\u2019re exempt from PAYE
    • ", + "
  • employment law - whether they have an employee\u2019s rights
    • ", + "

    Individuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.

    ", + "

    Checking if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE

    ", + "

    Someone is probably self-employed and shouldn\u2019t be paid through PAYE if most of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re in business for themselves, are responsible for the success or failure of their business and can make a loss or a profit
    • ", + "
  • they can decide what work they do and when, where or how to do it
    • ", + "
  • they can hire someone else to do the work
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re responsible for fixing any unsatisfactory work in their own time
    • ", + "
  • their employer agrees a fixed price for their work - it doesn\u2019t depend on how long the job takes to finish
    • ", + "
  • they use their own money to buy business assets, cover running costs, and provide tools and equipment for their work
    • ", + "
  • they can work for more than one client
    • ", + "

    You can check someone\u2019s employment status:

    ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "
  • by phone
    • ", + "

    There are special rules for businesses supplying workers, for example an employment agency.

    ", + "

    Checking their employment rights

    ", + "

    Someone is probably self-employed and doesn\u2019t have the rights of an employee if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE and most of the following are also true:

    ", + "
  • they put in bids or give quotes to get work
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re not under direct supervision when working
    • ", + "
  • they submit invoices for the work they\u2019ve done
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re responsible for paying their own National Insurance and tax
    • ", + "
  • they don\u2019t get holiday or sick pay when they\u2019re not working
    • ", + "
  • they operate under a contract (sometimes known as a \u2018contract for services\u2019 or \u2018consultancy agreement\u2019) that uses terms like \u2018self-employed\u2019, \u2018consultant\u2019 or an \u2018independent contractor\u2019
    • ", + "

    Contractors

    ", + "

    A contractor can be:

    ", + "
  • self-employed
    • ", + "
  • a worker or an employee if they work for a client and are employed by an agency
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a special scheme for self-employed contractors and sub-contractors working in the construction industry called the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS).

    ", + "

    If someone becomes self-employed

    ", + "

    A worker must tell HMRC if they become self-employed.

    ", + "

    Director

    ", + "

    Company directors run limited companies on behalf of shareholders.

    ", + "

    Directors have different rights and responsibilities from employees, and are classed as office holders for tax and National Insurance contribution purposes.

    ", + "

    If a person does other work that\u2019s not related to being a director, they may have an employment contract and get employment rights.

    ", + "

    Office holder

    ", + "

    A person who\u2019s been appointed to a position by a company or organisation but doesn\u2019t have a contract or receive regular payment may be an office holder. This includes:

    ", + "
  • statutory appointments, such as registered company directors or secretaries, board members of statutory bodies, or crown appointments
    • ", + "
  • appointments under the internal constitution of an organisation, such as club treasurers or trade union secretaries
    • ", + "
  • appointments under a trust deed, such as trustees
    • ", + "
  • ecclesiastical appointment, such as members of the clergy
    • ", + "

    Office holders are neither employees nor workers. However, it\u2019s possible for someone to be an office holder and an employee if they have an employment contract with the same company or organisation that meets the criteria for employees.

    ", + "

    Working out employment status for an office holder

    ", + "

    Someone is likely to be an office holder if most of these statements apply to them:

    ", + "
  • there is no contract or service agreement relating to their appointment
    • ", + "
  • their duties are minimal, and are only those required under the relevant statute, constitution or trust deed
    • ", + "
  • they don\u2019t get a salary or any other form of regular payment for their services
    • ", + "
  • the only payment they get is a voluntary payment (honorarium), regardless of the work they do - tax and National Insurance are deducted by the appointing body
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re effectively working as an independent office, and are not under the close supervision or control of the appointing body
    • ", + "

    Legal decisions on employment status

    ", + "

    A court or employment tribunal (known as an industrial tribunal in Northern Ireland) can make a final decision on employment status for employment rights purposes. They\u2019ll look at how the employment relationship between the person and the business works in practice.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may separately argue that someone is self-employed for tax purposes. This may be confirmed by the tax tribunal and the courts.

    ", + "

    An employment tribunal or court may still make a decision that someone is a worker or employee for employment rights purposes.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/fixed-term-contracts": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fixed-term-contracts", + "title": "Fixed-term employment contracts", + "content": "## What counts as a fixed-term contract\n\nEmployees are on a fixed-term contract if both of the following apply:\n\n- they have an employment contract with the organisation they work for\n\n- their contract ends on a particular date, or on completion of a specific task, eg a project\n\nWorkers don\u2019t count as fixed-term employees if they:\n\n- have a contract with an agency rather than the company they\u2019re working for\n\n- are a student or trainee on a work-experience placement\n\n- are working under a \u2018contract of apprenticeship\u2019\n\n- are a member of the armed forces\n\nThey may be a fixed-term employee if they\u2019re:\n\n- a seasonal or casual employee taken on for up to 6 months during a peak period\n\n- a specialist employee for a project\n\n- covering for maternity leave\n\n## Employees' rights\n\nEmployers must not treat workers on fixed-term contracts less favourably than permanent employees doing the same or largely the same job, unless the employer can show that there is a good business reason to do so.\n\nThis is known as \u2018objective justification\u2019.\n\nEmployers must also ensure that fixed-term employees get:\n\n- the same pay and conditions as permanent staff\n\n- the same or equivalent benefits package\n\n- information about permanent vacancies in the organisation\n\n- protection against redundancy or dismissal\n\nHowever, they\u2019re only entitled to the same rights as permanent staff working for the same employer, and not an associated employer\u2019s organisation.\n\nAnyone who\u2019s worked continually for the same employer for 2 years or more has the same redundancy rights as a permanent employee.\n\n## Workplace disputes\n\nWorkers on fixed-term contracts should try to sort out any concerns they have with their manager.\n\nIf they\u2019re still not satisfied, they can ask their employer for a written statement explaining their treatment, or complain using the employer\u2019s grievance procedure.\n\nTheir final option is to make a claim to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Renewing or ending a fixed-term contract\n\n## Ending a fixed-term contract\n\nFixed-term contracts will normally end automatically when they reach the agreed end date. The employer doesn\u2019t have to give any notice.\n\n## If a contract isn\u2019t renewed\n\nThis is considered to be a dismissal, and if the employee has 2 years\u2019 service the employer needs to show that there\u2019s a \u2018fair\u2019 reason for not renewing the contract (eg, if they were planning to stop doing the work the contract was for).\n\nWorkers have the right:\n\n- not to be unfairly dismissed after 2 years\u2019 service - for employees who were in employment before 6 April 2012, it\u2019s 1 year\u2019s service\n\n- to a written statement of reasons for not renewing the contract - after 1 year\u2019s service\n\nThey may be entitled to statutory redundancy payments after 2 years\u2019 service if the reason for non-renewal is redundancy.\n\n## If the employer wants to end the contract earlier\n\nWhat happens depends on the terms of the contract. If it says:\n\n- nothing about being ended early, the employer may be in breach of contract\n\n- it can be ended early, and the employer has given proper notice, the contract can be ended\n\n## Minimum notice period\n\nFixed-term employees have the right to a minimum notice period of:\n\n- 1 week if they\u2019ve worked continuously for at least 1 month\n\n- 1 week for each year they\u2019ve worked, if they\u2019ve worked continuously for 2 years or more\n\nThese are the minimum periods. The contract may specify a longer notice period.\n\nIf an employer ends a contract without giving the proper notice, the employee may be able to claim breach of contract.\n\n## Working longer than the contract\u2019s end date\n\nIf an employee continues working past the end of a contract without it being formally renewed, there\u2019s an \u2018implied agreement\u2019 by the employer that the end date has changed.\n\nThe employer still needs to give proper notice if they want to dismiss the worker.\n\n## The limit on renewing a fixed-term contract\n\nAny employee on fixed-term contracts for 4 or more years will automatically become a permanent employee, unless the employer can show there is a good business reason not to do so.\n\nHowever, an employer and unions (or a staff association) may make a collective agreement that removes the automatic right to become a permanent employee in these circumstances.\n\n## Renewing a fixed-term contract on less favourable terms\n\nIf an employer wants to do this, the employee can negotiate with them to reach an agreement.\n\nIf the contract ends and they have been unable to reach an agreement, the employee may be able to claim unfair dismissal.\n\n## Ending the contract early\n\nEmployees must hand in their notice 1 week in advance if they\u2019ve worked for an employer for a month or more. The contract may state that they need to give more notice.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What counts as a fixed-term contract

    ", + "

    Employees are on a fixed-term contract if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they have an employment contract with the organisation they work for
    • ", + "
  • their contract ends on a particular date, or on completion of a specific task, eg a project
    • ", + "

    Workers don\u2019t count as fixed-term employees if they:

    ", + "
  • have a contract with an agency rather than the company they\u2019re working for
    • ", + "
  • are a student or trainee on a work-experience placement
    • ", + "
  • are working under a \u2018contract of apprenticeship\u2019
    • ", + "
  • are a member of the armed forces
    • ", + "

    They may be a fixed-term employee if they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a seasonal or casual employee taken on for up to 6 months during a peak period
    • ", + "
  • a specialist employee for a project
    • ", + "
  • covering for maternity leave
    • ", + "

    Employees' rights

    ", + "

    Employers must not treat workers on fixed-term contracts less favourably than permanent employees doing the same or largely the same job, unless the employer can show that there is a good business reason to do so.

    ", + "

    This is known as \u2018objective justification\u2019.

    ", + "

    Employers must also ensure that fixed-term employees get:

    ", + "
  • the same pay and conditions as permanent staff
    • ", + "
  • the same or equivalent benefits package
    • ", + "
  • information about permanent vacancies in the organisation
    • ", + "
  • protection against redundancy or dismissal
    • ", + "

    However, they\u2019re only entitled to the same rights as permanent staff working for the same employer, and not an associated employer\u2019s organisation.

    ", + "

    Anyone who\u2019s worked continually for the same employer for 2 years or more has the same redundancy rights as a permanent employee.

    ", + "

    Workplace disputes

    ", + "

    Workers on fixed-term contracts should try to sort out any concerns they have with their manager.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re still not satisfied, they can ask their employer for a written statement explaining their treatment, or complain using the employer\u2019s grievance procedure.

    ", + "

    Their final option is to make a claim to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    Renewing or ending a fixed-term contract

    ", + "

    Ending a fixed-term contract

    ", + "

    Fixed-term contracts will normally end automatically when they reach the agreed end date. The employer doesn\u2019t have to give any notice.

    ", + "

    If a contract isn\u2019t renewed

    ", + "

    This is considered to be a dismissal, and if the employee has 2 years\u2019 service the employer needs to show that there\u2019s a \u2018fair\u2019 reason for not renewing the contract (eg, if they were planning to stop doing the work the contract was for).

    ", + "

    Workers have the right:

    ", + "
  • not to be unfairly dismissed after 2 years\u2019 service - for employees who were in employment before 6 April 2012, it\u2019s 1 year\u2019s service
    • ", + "
  • to a written statement of reasons for not renewing the contract - after 1 year\u2019s service
    • ", + "

    They may be entitled to statutory redundancy payments after 2 years\u2019 service if the reason for non-renewal is redundancy.

    ", + "

    If the employer wants to end the contract earlier

    ", + "

    What happens depends on the terms of the contract. If it says:

    ", + "
  • nothing about being ended early, the employer may be in breach of contract
    • ", + "
  • it can be ended early, and the employer has given proper notice, the contract can be ended
    • ", + "

    Minimum notice period

    ", + "

    Fixed-term employees have the right to a minimum notice period of:

    ", + "
  • 1 week if they\u2019ve worked continuously for at least 1 month
    • ", + "
  • 1 week for each year they\u2019ve worked, if they\u2019ve worked continuously for 2 years or more
    • ", + "

    These are the minimum periods. The contract may specify a longer notice period.

    ", + "

    If an employer ends a contract without giving the proper notice, the employee may be able to claim breach of contract.

    ", + "

    Working longer than the contract\u2019s end date

    ", + "

    If an employee continues working past the end of a contract without it being formally renewed, there\u2019s an \u2018implied agreement\u2019 by the employer that the end date has changed.

    ", + "

    The employer still needs to give proper notice if they want to dismiss the worker.

    ", + "

    The limit on renewing a fixed-term contract

    ", + "

    Any employee on fixed-term contracts for 4 or more years will automatically become a permanent employee, unless the employer can show there is a good business reason not to do so.

    ", + "

    However, an employer and unions (or a staff association) may make a collective agreement that removes the automatic right to become a permanent employee in these circumstances.

    ", + "

    Renewing a fixed-term contract on less favourable terms

    ", + "

    If an employer wants to do this, the employee can negotiate with them to reach an agreement.

    ", + "

    If the contract ends and they have been unable to reach an agreement, the employee may be able to claim unfair dismissal.

    ", + "

    Ending the contract early

    ", + "

    Employees must hand in their notice 1 week in advance if they\u2019ve worked for an employer for a month or more. The contract may state that they need to give more notice.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/flexible-working": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/flexible-working", + "title": "Flexible working", + "content": "## Overview\n\nFlexible working is a way of working that suits an employee\u2019s needs, for example having flexible start and finish times, or working from home.\n\nFlexible working rules are different in Northern Ireland.\n\nAll employees have the legal right to request flexible working - not just parents and carers.\n\nThis is known as \u2018making a statutory application\u2019.\n\nEmployees must have worked for the same employer for at least 26 weeks to be eligible.\n\n## What employers must do\n\nEmployers must deal with requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\nExamples of handling requests in a reasonable manner include:\n\n- assessing the advantages and disadvantages of the application\n\n- holding a meeting to discuss the request with the employee\n\n- offering an appeal process\n\nIf an employer does not handle a request in a reasonable manner, the employee can take them to an employment tribunal.\n\nAn employer can refuse an application if they have a good business reason for doing so.\n\n## Types of flexible working\n\nThere are different ways of working flexibly.\n\n## Job sharing\n\nTwo people do one job and split the hours.\n\n## Working from home\n\nIt might be possible to do some or all of the work from home or anywhere else other than the normal place of work.\n\n## Part time\n\nWorking less than full-time hours (usually by working fewer days).\n\n## Compressed hours\n\nWorking full-time hours but over fewer days.\n\n## Flexitime\n\nThe employee chooses when to start and end work (within agreed limits) but works certain \u2018core hours\u2019, for example 10am to 4pm every day.\n\n## Annualised hours\n\nThe employee has to work a certain number of hours over the year but they have some flexibility about when they work. There are sometimes \u2018core hours\u2019 which the employee regularly works each week, and they work the rest of their hours flexibly or when there\u2019s extra demand at work.\n\n## Staggered hours\n\nThe employee has different start, finish and break times from other workers.\n\n## Phased retirement\n\nDefault retirement age has been phased out and older workers can choose when they want to retire. This means they can reduce their hours and work part time.\n\n## Applying for flexible working\n\nEmployees can apply for flexible working if they\u2019ve worked continuously for the same employer for the last 26 weeks. It\u2019s known as \u2018making a statutory application.\u2019\n\nThe basic steps are:\n\n- The employee writes to the employer.\n\n- The employer considers the request and makes a decision within 3 months - or longer if agreed with the employee.\n\n- If the employer agrees to the request, they must change the terms and conditions in the employee\u2019s contract.\n\n- If the employer disagrees, they must write to the employee giving the business reasons for the refusal. The employee may be able to complain to an employment tribunal.\n\nEmployees can only make one application for flexible working a year.\n\n## Writing to the employer\n\nAn employee should email or write a letter to their employer.\n\nEmployers may ask employees to use a standard form to make an application.\n\n## What the email or letter must include\n\nThe application must include:\n\n- the date\n\n- a statement that this is a statutory request\n\n- details of how the employee wants to work flexibly and when they want to start\n\n- an explanation of how they think flexible working might affect the business and how this could be dealt with, for example if they\u2019re not at work on certain days\n\n- a statement saying if and when they\u2019ve made a previous application\n\n## Withdrawing an application\n\nEmployees should tell their employer in writing if they want to withdraw their application.\n\nThe employer can treat an application as withdrawn if the employee misses 2 meetings to discuss an application or appeal without good reason, for example sickness.\n\nThe employer must tell the employee they are treating the request as withdrawn.\n\n## After the application\n\nEmployers must consider flexible working requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\nThey should usually make a decision within 3 months of the request (or longer if agreed with the employee).\n\n## Agreeing the application\n\nThe employer should write to the employee with:\n\n- a statement of the agreed changes\n\n- a start date for flexible working\n\nThey should also change the employee\u2019s contract to include the new terms and conditions.\n\nThis should be done as soon as possible but no later than 28 days after the request was approved.\n\n## Rejecting an application\n\nThe employer must tell the employee that they\u2019ve rejected the application.\n\n## Reasons for rejecting\n\nEmployers can reject an application for any of the following reasons:\n\n- extra costs that will damage the business\n\n- the work cannot be reorganised among other staff\n\n- people cannot be recruited to do the work\n\n- flexible working will affect quality and performance\n\n- the business will not be able to meet customer demand\n\n- there\u2019s a lack of work to do during the proposed working times\n\n- the business is planning changes to the workforce\n\n## Appeals\n\nEmployees no longer have a statutory right to an appeal.\n\nBut offering an appeals process helps to demonstrate that the employer is handling requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nThe employee must follow the company\u2019s procedures for appealing.\n\nThe employee or employer should follow the company\u2019s procedures for solving a workplace dispute if a rejected application causes problems.\n\n## Going to an employment tribunal\n\nEmployees can complain to an employment tribunal if the employer:\n\n- did not handle the request in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019\n\n- wrongly treated the employee\u2019s application as withdrawn\n\n- dismissed or treated an employee poorly because of their flexible working request, for example refused a promotion or pay rise\n\n- rejected an application based on incorrect facts\n\nEmployees cannot complain to a tribunal just because their flexible working request was rejected.\n\nAn employee should complain to the tribunal within 3 months of:\n\n- hearing their employer\u2019s decision\n\n- hearing their request was treated as withdrawn\n\n- the date the employer should have responded to their request (but failed to do so)\n\nIf an employer or employee is unsure of their rights, they should get legal advice.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Flexible working is a way of working that suits an employee\u2019s needs, for example having flexible start and finish times, or working from home.

    ", + "

    Flexible working rules are different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    All employees have the legal right to request flexible working - not just parents and carers.

    ", + "

    This is known as \u2018making a statutory application\u2019.

    ", + "

    Employees must have worked for the same employer for at least 26 weeks to be eligible.

    ", + "

    What employers must do

    ", + "

    Employers must deal with requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.

    ", + "

    Examples of handling requests in a reasonable manner include:

    ", + "
  • assessing the advantages and disadvantages of the application
    • ", + "
  • holding a meeting to discuss the request with the employee
    • ", + "
  • offering an appeal process
    • ", + "

    If an employer does not handle a request in a reasonable manner, the employee can take them to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    An employer can refuse an application if they have a good business reason for doing so.

    ", + "

    Types of flexible working

    ", + "

    There are different ways of working flexibly.

    ", + "

    Job sharing

    ", + "

    Two people do one job and split the hours.

    ", + "

    Working from home

    ", + "

    It might be possible to do some or all of the work from home or anywhere else other than the normal place of work.

    ", + "

    Part time

    ", + "

    Working less than full-time hours (usually by working fewer days).

    ", + "

    Compressed hours

    ", + "

    Working full-time hours but over fewer days.

    ", + "

    Flexitime

    ", + "

    The employee chooses when to start and end work (within agreed limits) but works certain \u2018core hours\u2019, for example 10am to 4pm every day.

    ", + "

    Annualised hours

    ", + "

    The employee has to work a certain number of hours over the year but they have some flexibility about when they work. There are sometimes \u2018core hours\u2019 which the employee regularly works each week, and they work the rest of their hours flexibly or when there\u2019s extra demand at work.

    ", + "

    Staggered hours

    ", + "

    The employee has different start, finish and break times from other workers.

    ", + "

    Phased retirement

    ", + "

    Default retirement age has been phased out and older workers can choose when they want to retire. This means they can reduce their hours and work part time.

    ", + "

    Applying for flexible working

    ", + "

    Employees can apply for flexible working if they\u2019ve worked continuously for the same employer for the last 26 weeks. It\u2019s known as \u2018making a statutory application.\u2019

    ", + "

    The basic steps are:

    ", + "
  • The employee writes to the employer.
    • ", + "
  • The employer considers the request and makes a decision within 3 months - or longer if agreed with the employee.
    • ", + "
  • If the employer agrees to the request, they must change the terms and conditions in the employee\u2019s contract.
    • ", + "
  • If the employer disagrees, they must write to the employee giving the business reasons for the refusal. The employee may be able to complain to an employment tribunal.
    • ", + "

    Employees can only make one application for flexible working a year.

    ", + "

    Writing to the employer

    ", + "

    An employee should email or write a letter to their employer.

    ", + "

    Employers may ask employees to use a standard form to make an application.

    ", + "

    What the email or letter must include

    ", + "

    The application must include:

    ", + "
  • the date
    • ", + "
  • a statement that this is a statutory request
    • ", + "
  • details of how the employee wants to work flexibly and when they want to start
    • ", + "
  • an explanation of how they think flexible working might affect the business and how this could be dealt with, for example if they\u2019re not at work on certain days
    • ", + "
  • a statement saying if and when they\u2019ve made a previous application
    • ", + "

    Withdrawing an application

    ", + "

    Employees should tell their employer in writing if they want to withdraw their application.

    ", + "

    The employer can treat an application as withdrawn if the employee misses 2 meetings to discuss an application or appeal without good reason, for example sickness.

    ", + "

    The employer must tell the employee they are treating the request as withdrawn.

    ", + "

    After the application

    ", + "

    Employers must consider flexible working requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.

    ", + "

    They should usually make a decision within 3 months of the request (or longer if agreed with the employee).

    ", + "

    Agreeing the application

    ", + "

    The employer should write to the employee with:

    ", + "
  • a statement of the agreed changes
    • ", + "
  • a start date for flexible working
    • ", + "

    They should also change the employee\u2019s contract to include the new terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    This should be done as soon as possible but no later than 28 days after the request was approved.

    ", + "

    Rejecting an application

    ", + "

    The employer must tell the employee that they\u2019ve rejected the application.

    ", + "

    Reasons for rejecting

    ", + "

    Employers can reject an application for any of the following reasons:

    ", + "
  • extra costs that will damage the business
    • ", + "
  • the work cannot be reorganised among other staff
    • ", + "
  • people cannot be recruited to do the work
    • ", + "
  • flexible working will affect quality and performance
    • ", + "
  • the business will not be able to meet customer demand
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s a lack of work to do during the proposed working times
    • ", + "
  • the business is planning changes to the workforce
    • ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    Employees no longer have a statutory right to an appeal.

    ", + "

    But offering an appeals process helps to demonstrate that the employer is handling requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    The employee must follow the company\u2019s procedures for appealing.

    ", + "

    The employee or employer should follow the company\u2019s procedures for solving a workplace dispute if a rejected application causes problems.

    ", + "

    Going to an employment tribunal

    ", + "

    Employees can complain to an employment tribunal if the employer:

    ", + "
  • did not handle the request in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019
    • ", + "
  • wrongly treated the employee\u2019s application as withdrawn
    • ", + "
  • dismissed or treated an employee poorly because of their flexible working request, for example refused a promotion or pay rise
    • ", + "
  • rejected an application based on incorrect facts
    • ", + "

    Employees cannot complain to a tribunal just because their flexible working request was rejected.

    ", + "

    An employee should complain to the tribunal within 3 months of:

    ", + "
  • hearing their employer\u2019s decision
    • ", + "
  • hearing their request was treated as withdrawn
    • ", + "
  • the date the employer should have responded to their request (but failed to do so)
    • ", + "

    If an employer or employee is unsure of their rights, they should get legal advice.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights", + "title": "Holiday entitlement", + "content": "## Entitlement\n\nAlmost all workers are legally entitled to 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday a year (known as statutory leave entitlement or annual leave).\n\nThis includes:\n\n- agency workers\n\n- workers with irregular hours\n\n- workers on zero-hours contracts\n\nAn employer can include bank holidays as part of statutory annual leave.\n\nCoronavirus (COVID-19) does not affect workers\u2019 entitlement to holiday pay and leave, except for carrying over leave.\n\n## Statutory annual leave entitlement\n\nMost workers who work a 5-day week must receive at least 28 days\u2019 paid annual leave a year. This is the equivalent of 5.6 weeks of holiday.\n\n## Working part-time\n\nPart-time workers are entitled to at least 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday, but this will amount to fewer than 28 days.\n\nFor example, if they work 3 days a week, they must get at least 16.8 days\u2019 leave a year (3 \u00d7 5.6).\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out a part-time worker\u2019s leave.\n\n## Irregular hours\n\nPeople working irregular hours (like shift workers or term-time workers) are entitled to paid time off for every hour they work.\n\nThey might find it helpful to get an estimate of holiday entitlement by calculating leave based on days or hours worked in an average week.\n\n## Limits on statutory leave\n\nStatutory paid holiday entitlement is limited to 28 days. For example, staff working 6 days a week are only entitled to 28 days\u2019 paid holiday.\n\n## Bank holidays\n\nBank or public holidays do not have to be given as paid leave.\n\nAn employer can choose to include bank holidays as part of a worker\u2019s statutory annual leave.\n\n## Extra leave\n\nAn employer can choose to offer more leave than the legal minimum. They do not have to apply all the rules that apply to statutory leave to the extra leave. For example, a worker might need to be employed for a certain amount of time before they become entitled to it.\n\n## Other aspects of holiday entitlement\n\nWorkers have the right to:\n\n- get paid for leave\n\n- build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday entitlement during maternity, paternity and adoption leave\n\n- build up holiday entitlement while off work sick\n\n- request holiday at the same time as sick leave\n\n## Disputes\n\nPaid annual leave is a legal right that an employer must provide. If a worker thinks their right to leave and pay are not being met there are a number of ways to resolve the dispute.\n\n## Calculate leave entitlement\n\nAnnual leave begins to build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) as soon as a worker starts their job.\n\nAn employer can use a \u2018leave year\u2019 or an \u2018accrual\u2019 system to work out how much leave their staff should get.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out how much leave someone should get.\n\n## Leave year\n\nAn employer should tell their staff the dates of their statutory leave year as soon as they start working, for example, it might run from 1 January to 31 December.\n\nWorkers must take their statutory leave during this time. If a leave year is not set out in a contract then it will start:\n\n- on the first day of a new job (if started after 1 October 1998)\n\n- on 1 October (if started on or before 1 October 1998)\n\nThe leave year and holiday entitlement is not affected by maternity, paternity or adoption leave. The employee still builds up (\u2018accrues\u2019) holiday over these periods.\n\n## Leave entitlement when starting a new job\n\nIf a worker starts their job part-way through a leave year, they\u2019re only entitled to part of their total annual leave for the current leave year. What they get depends on how much of the year is left.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out how much leave someone has left.\n\n## Accrual system\n\nAn employer can use an accrual system to work out a worker\u2019s leave during the first year of the job. Under this system, a worker gets one-twelfth of their leave in each month.\n\n## Carrying over leave\n\nThe worker\u2019s contract says how many days\u2019 leave they can carry over into the next year.\n\nIf a worker gets 28 days\u2019 leave, they can carry over a maximum of 8 days.\n\nIf a worker gets more than 28 days\u2019 leave, their employer may allow them to carry over any additional untaken leave. Check the employment contract, company handbook or intranet to see what the rules say.\n\n## Leave affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWorkers may be able to carry over untaken leave into the next 2 years if they cannot take it because their work is affected by coronavirus.\n\nThey could do this if, for example:\n\n- they need to provide cover for their co-workers and have no other opportunity to take holiday in their leave year\n\n- there will be staff shortages if too many workers take their leave before the end of the leave year\n\n- they\u2019re classed as critical workers, such as healthcare or supermarket workers\n\nIf a worker is able to take leave, the standard rules for carrying over leave still apply.\n\n## Workers on parental or sick leave\n\nIf a worker cannot take all of their leave entitlement because they\u2019re already on a different type of leave (for example sick, maternity or parental leave), they can carry over some or all of the untaken leave into the next leave year.\n\nAn employer must allow a worker to carry over a maximum of 20 of their 28 days\u2019 leave entitlement if the worker could not take annual leave because they were off sick.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nWorkers are entitled to a week\u2019s pay for each week of statutory leave that they take.\n\nMost workers are entitled to 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday a year. You can use the holiday calculator to work out how much leave someone should get.\n\nA week\u2019s pay is worked out according to the kind of hours someone works and how they\u2019re paid for the hours. This includes full-time, part-time, term-time and casual workers.\n\n| Working pattern | How a week\u2019s pay is calculated |\n\n| Fixed hours and fixed pay (full- or part-time) | A worker\u2019s pay for a week |\n\n| Shift work with fixed hours (full- or part-time) | The average number of weekly fixed hours a worker has worked in the previous 52 weeks, at their average hourly rate |\n\n| No fixed hours (casual work, including zero-hours contracts) | A worker\u2019s average pay from the previous 52 weeks (only counting weeks in which they were paid) |\n\n## Calculating average hourly or weekly rate\n\nTo calculate average hourly rate, only the hours worked and how much was paid for them should be counted. Take the average rate over the last 52 weeks.\n\nA \u2018week\u2019 usually runs from Sunday to Saturday. Only use another 7-day period (like Thursday to Wednesday) if that\u2019s how a worker\u2019s pay is calculated.\n\nIf no pay was paid in any week, count back another week so the rate is based on 52 weeks in which pay was paid. You can count back a maximum of 104 weeks to find these.\n\nIf a worker has less than 52 weeks of pay, use the average pay rate for the full weeks they have worked.\n\n## Workers who are paid monthly\n\nTo work out a week\u2019s pay for someone who\u2019s paid monthly:\n\n- Calculate the worker\u2019s average hourly pay for the last month. Do this by dividing the month\u2019s pay by the number of hours worked in the month.\n\n- Calculate the weekly pay. Do this by multiplying the average hourly pay by the number of hours worked in a week.\n\nUse the weekly pay calculation for each of the last 52 weeks to work out an average week\u2019s pay.\n\n## Rolled-up holiday pay\n\nHoliday pay should be paid for the time when annual leave is taken. An employer cannot include an amount for holiday pay in the hourly rate (known as \u2018rolled-up holiday pay\u2019).\n\nIf a current contract still includes rolled-up pay, it needs to be re-negotiated.\n\n## More information\n\nThere\u2019s guidance for calculating holiday pay for workers without fixed hours or pay, which includes several examples.\n\nYou can also contact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) with questions about general holiday pay issues.\n\n## Booking time off\n\nThe general notice period for taking leave is at least twice as long as the amount of leave a worker wants to take, plus 1 day. For example, a worker would give 3 days\u2019 notice for 1 day\u2019s leave.\n\nAn employer can refuse a leave request or cancel leave but they must give as much notice as the amount of leave requested, plus 1 day. For example, an employer would give 11 days\u2019 notice if the worker asked for 10 days\u2019 leave.\n\nIf the contract says something different about the notice a worker or employer should give, what\u2019s in the contract will apply.\n\nAlthough employers can refuse to give leave at a certain time, they cannot refuse to let workers take the leave at all.\n\n## Part leave days\n\nSome workers may be entitled to a part leave day - for example if they\u2019re part-time or have a half day\u2019s leave to take. How a part day should be taken is up to the employer.\n\n## When leave can and cannot be taken\n\nEmployers can:\n\n- tell their staff to take leave, for example bank holidays or Christmas\n\n- restrict when leave can be taken, for example at certain busy periods\n\nThere may be rules about this in the employment contract or it may be what normally happens in the workplace.\n\nThe notice period for this is at least twice as long as the leave they want their staff to take. The employer must tell the worker before the notice period begins.\n\nIf an employer wants a worker to take leave, they need to make sure that the worker can relax, rest and enjoy leisure during their holiday. For example, an employer cannot force a sick worker to take leave.\n\n## Taking holiday before leaving a job\n\nDuring their notice period the worker may be able to take whatever is left of their statutory annual leave.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work this out. How much they get depends on how much of the holiday year has passed.\n\n## Taking more leave than the entitlement\n\nIf a worker has taken more leave than they\u2019re entitled to, their employer must not take money from their final pay unless it\u2019s been agreed beforehand in writing. The rules in this situation should be outlined in the employment contract, company handbook or intranet.\n\n## Getting paid instead of taking holidays\n\nThe only time someone can get paid in place of taking statutory leave (known as \u2018payment in lieu\u2019) is when they leave their job. Employers must pay for untaken statutory leave, even if the worker is dismissed for gross misconduct.\n\nIf an employer offers more than 5.6 weeks\u2019 annual leave, they can agree separate arrangements for the extra leave.\n\n## Zero-hours contracts\n\nWhen a worker on a zero-hours contract has not worked for 4 weeks, this may be treated as the end of the employment. The employer will usually pay the worker for untaken leave, even if they\u2019re going to offer them more work later.\n\n## Workers on furlough because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWorkers have the right to build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday entitlement while they\u2019re on temporary leave (\u2018furloughed\u2019) because of coronavirus (COVID-19). They can also take leave while on furlough.\n\n## Bank holidays\n\nIf a furloughed worker is not working on a bank holiday they usually take as paid leave, they can agree with their employer to either:\n\n- take it as normal\n\n- take it at a later date\n\nAn employer must give a worker at least 2 days\u2019 notice if they want them to take a bank holiday as paid leave, unless the worker\u2019s employment contract says something different.\n\nThe employer must tell the worker at least one day in advance of giving 2 days\u2019 notice.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nAn employer can continue to claim for a furloughed worker\u2019s wages when the worker takes annual leave.\n\nCalculate holiday pay as normal for any time the worker was furloughed. If the holiday pay turns out to be more than the worker was paid during this time, their employer must pay the difference.\n\n## Agency workers\n\nAgency workers with \u2018worker status\u2019, including those who use an umbrella company, have their usual holiday entitlement when on furlough.\n\nTheir employer can claim a grant to help cover the cost of their wages.\n\nHoliday entitlement for those without worker status remains the same and depends on their contract.\n\nAgency workers may also be able to carry holiday into future leave years.\n\n## More information\n\nThere\u2019s more guidance on holiday entitlement and pay during coronavirus.\nYou can also find out more about holiday entitlement during coronavirus on the Acas website.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Entitlement

    ", + "

    Almost all workers are legally entitled to 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday a year (known as statutory leave entitlement or annual leave).

    ", + "

    This includes:

    ", + "
  • agency workers
    • ", + "
  • workers with irregular hours
    • ", + "
  • workers on zero-hours contracts
    • ", + "

    An employer can include bank holidays as part of statutory annual leave.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) does not affect workers\u2019 entitlement to holiday pay and leave, except for carrying over leave.

    ", + "

    Statutory annual leave entitlement

    ", + "

    Most workers who work a 5-day week must receive at least 28 days\u2019 paid annual leave a year. This is the equivalent of 5.6 weeks of holiday.

    ", + "

    Working part-time

    ", + "

    Part-time workers are entitled to at least 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday, but this will amount to fewer than 28 days.

    ", + "

    For example, if they work 3 days a week, they must get at least 16.8 days\u2019 leave a year (3 \u00d7 5.6).

    ", + "

    Use the holiday entitlement calculator to work out a part-time worker\u2019s leave.

    ", + "

    Irregular hours

    ", + "

    People working irregular hours (like shift workers or term-time workers) are entitled to paid time off for every hour they work.

    ", + "

    They might find it helpful to get an estimate of holiday entitlement by calculating leave based on days or hours worked in an average week.

    ", + "

    Limits on statutory leave

    ", + "

    Statutory paid holiday entitlement is limited to 28 days. For example, staff working 6 days a week are only entitled to 28 days\u2019 paid holiday.

    ", + "

    Bank holidays

    ", + "

    Bank or public holidays do not have to be given as paid leave.

    ", + "

    An employer can choose to include bank holidays as part of a worker\u2019s statutory annual leave.

    ", + "

    Extra leave

    ", + "

    An employer can choose to offer more leave than the legal minimum. They do not have to apply all the rules that apply to statutory leave to the extra leave. For example, a worker might need to be employed for a certain amount of time before they become entitled to it.

    ", + "

    Other aspects of holiday entitlement

    ", + "

    Workers have the right to:

    ", + "
  • get paid for leave
    • ", + "
  • build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday entitlement during maternity, paternity and adoption leave
    • ", + "
  • build up holiday entitlement while off work sick
    • ", + "
  • request holiday at the same time as sick leave
    • ", + "

    Disputes

    ", + "

    Paid annual leave is a legal right that an employer must provide. If a worker thinks their right to leave and pay are not being met there are a number of ways to resolve the dispute.

    ", + "

    Calculate leave entitlement

    ", + "

    Annual leave begins to build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) as soon as a worker starts their job.

    ", + "

    An employer can use a \u2018leave year\u2019 or an \u2018accrual\u2019 system to work out how much leave their staff should get.

    ", + "

    Use the holiday entitlement calculator to work out how much leave someone should get.

    ", + "

    Leave year

    ", + "

    An employer should tell their staff the dates of their statutory leave year as soon as they start working, for example, it might run from 1 January to 31 December.

    ", + "

    Workers must take their statutory leave during this time. If a leave year is not set out in a contract then it will start:

    ", + "
  • on the first day of a new job (if started after 1 October 1998)
    • ", + "
  • on 1 October (if started on or before 1 October 1998)
    • ", + "

    The leave year and holiday entitlement is not affected by maternity, paternity or adoption leave. The employee still builds up (\u2018accrues\u2019) holiday over these periods.

    ", + "

    Leave entitlement when starting a new job

    ", + "

    If a worker starts their job part-way through a leave year, they\u2019re only entitled to part of their total annual leave for the current leave year. What they get depends on how much of the year is left.

    ", + "

    Use the holiday entitlement calculator to work out how much leave someone has left.

    ", + "

    Accrual system

    ", + "

    An employer can use an accrual system to work out a worker\u2019s leave during the first year of the job. Under this system, a worker gets one-twelfth of their leave in each month.

    ", + "

    Carrying over leave

    ", + "

    The worker\u2019s contract says how many days\u2019 leave they can carry over into the next year.

    ", + "

    If a worker gets 28 days\u2019 leave, they can carry over a maximum of 8 days.

    ", + "

    If a worker gets more than 28 days\u2019 leave, their employer may allow them to carry over any additional untaken leave. Check the employment contract, company handbook or intranet to see what the rules say.

    ", + "

    Leave affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Workers may be able to carry over untaken leave into the next 2 years if they cannot take it because their work is affected by coronavirus.

    ", + "

    They could do this if, for example:

    ", + "
  • they need to provide cover for their co-workers and have no other opportunity to take holiday in their leave year
    • ", + "
  • there will be staff shortages if too many workers take their leave before the end of the leave year
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re classed as critical workers, such as healthcare or supermarket workers
    • ", + "

    If a worker is able to take leave, the standard rules for carrying over leave still apply.

    ", + "

    Workers on parental or sick leave

    ", + "

    If a worker cannot take all of their leave entitlement because they\u2019re already on a different type of leave (for example sick, maternity or parental leave), they can carry over some or all of the untaken leave into the next leave year.

    ", + "

    An employer must allow a worker to carry over a maximum of 20 of their 28 days\u2019 leave entitlement if the worker could not take annual leave because they were off sick.

    ", + "

    Holiday pay

    ", + "

    Workers are entitled to a week\u2019s pay for each week of statutory leave that they take.

    ", + "

    Most workers are entitled to 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday a year. You can use the holiday calculator to work out how much leave someone should get.

    ", + "

    A week\u2019s pay is worked out according to the kind of hours someone works and how they\u2019re paid for the hours. This includes full-time, part-time, term-time and casual workers.

    ", + "Working pattern | How a week\u2019s pay is calculated", + "Fixed hours and fixed pay (full- or part-time) | A worker\u2019s pay for a week", + "Shift work with fixed hours (full- or part-time) | The average number of weekly fixed hours a worker has worked in the previous 52 weeks, at their average hourly rate", + "No fixed hours (casual work, including zero-hours contracts) | A worker\u2019s average pay from the previous 52 weeks (only counting weeks in which they were paid)", + "

    Calculating average hourly or weekly rate

    ", + "

    To calculate average hourly rate, only the hours worked and how much was paid for them should be counted. Take the average rate over the last 52 weeks.

    ", + "

    A \u2018week\u2019 usually runs from Sunday to Saturday. Only use another 7-day period (like Thursday to Wednesday) if that\u2019s how a worker\u2019s pay is calculated.

    ", + "

    If no pay was paid in any week, count back another week so the rate is based on 52 weeks in which pay was paid. You can count back a maximum of 104 weeks to find these.

    ", + "

    If a worker has less than 52 weeks of pay, use the average pay rate for the full weeks they have worked.

    ", + "

    Workers who are paid monthly

    ", + "

    To work out a week\u2019s pay for someone who\u2019s paid monthly:

    ", + "
  • Calculate the worker\u2019s average hourly pay for the last month. Do this by dividing the month\u2019s pay by the number of hours worked in the month.
    • ", + "
  • Calculate the weekly pay. Do this by multiplying the average hourly pay by the number of hours worked in a week.
    • ", + "

    Use the weekly pay calculation for each of the last 52 weeks to work out an average week\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    Rolled-up holiday pay

    ", + "

    Holiday pay should be paid for the time when annual leave is taken. An employer cannot include an amount for holiday pay in the hourly rate (known as \u2018rolled-up holiday pay\u2019).

    ", + "

    If a current contract still includes rolled-up pay, it needs to be re-negotiated.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    There\u2019s guidance for calculating holiday pay for workers without fixed hours or pay, which includes several examples.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) with questions about general holiday pay issues.

    ", + "

    Booking time off

    ", + "

    The general notice period for taking leave is at least twice as long as the amount of leave a worker wants to take, plus 1 day. For example, a worker would give 3 days\u2019 notice for 1 day\u2019s leave.

    ", + "

    An employer can refuse a leave request or cancel leave but they must give as much notice as the amount of leave requested, plus 1 day. For example, an employer would give 11 days\u2019 notice if the worker asked for 10 days\u2019 leave.

    ", + "

    If the contract says something different about the notice a worker or employer should give, what\u2019s in the contract will apply.

    ", + "

    Although employers can refuse to give leave at a certain time, they cannot refuse to let workers take the leave at all.

    ", + "

    Part leave days

    ", + "

    Some workers may be entitled to a part leave day - for example if they\u2019re part-time or have a half day\u2019s leave to take. How a part day should be taken is up to the employer.

    ", + "

    When leave can and cannot be taken

    ", + "

    Employers can:

    ", + "
  • tell their staff to take leave, for example bank holidays or Christmas
    • ", + "
  • restrict when leave can be taken, for example at certain busy periods
    • ", + "

    There may be rules about this in the employment contract or it may be what normally happens in the workplace.

    ", + "

    The notice period for this is at least twice as long as the leave they want their staff to take. The employer must tell the worker before the notice period begins.

    ", + "

    If an employer wants a worker to take leave, they need to make sure that the worker can relax, rest and enjoy leisure during their holiday. For example, an employer cannot force a sick worker to take leave.

    ", + "

    Taking holiday before leaving a job

    ", + "

    During their notice period the worker may be able to take whatever is left of their statutory annual leave.

    ", + "

    Use the holiday entitlement calculator to work this out. How much they get depends on how much of the holiday year has passed.

    ", + "

    Taking more leave than the entitlement

    ", + "

    If a worker has taken more leave than they\u2019re entitled to, their employer must not take money from their final pay unless it\u2019s been agreed beforehand in writing. The rules in this situation should be outlined in the employment contract, company handbook or intranet.

    ", + "

    Getting paid instead of taking holidays

    ", + "

    The only time someone can get paid in place of taking statutory leave (known as \u2018payment in lieu\u2019) is when they leave their job. Employers must pay for untaken statutory leave, even if the worker is dismissed for gross misconduct.

    ", + "

    If an employer offers more than 5.6 weeks\u2019 annual leave, they can agree separate arrangements for the extra leave.

    ", + "

    Zero-hours contracts

    ", + "

    When a worker on a zero-hours contract has not worked for 4 weeks, this may be treated as the end of the employment. The employer will usually pay the worker for untaken leave, even if they\u2019re going to offer them more work later.

    ", + "

    Workers on furlough because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Workers have the right to build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday entitlement while they\u2019re on temporary leave (\u2018furloughed\u2019) because of coronavirus (COVID-19). They can also take leave while on furlough.

    ", + "

    Bank holidays

    ", + "

    If a furloughed worker is not working on a bank holiday they usually take as paid leave, they can agree with their employer to either:

    ", + "
  • take it as normal
    • ", + "
  • take it at a later date
    • ", + "

    An employer must give a worker at least 2 days\u2019 notice if they want them to take a bank holiday as paid leave, unless the worker\u2019s employment contract says something different.

    ", + "

    The employer must tell the worker at least one day in advance of giving 2 days\u2019 notice.

    ", + "

    Holiday pay

    ", + "

    An employer can continue to claim for a furloughed worker\u2019s wages when the worker takes annual leave.

    ", + "

    Calculate holiday pay as normal for any time the worker was furloughed. If the holiday pay turns out to be more than the worker was paid during this time, their employer must pay the difference.

    ", + "

    Agency workers

    ", + "

    Agency workers with \u2018worker status\u2019, including those who use an umbrella company, have their usual holiday entitlement when on furlough.

    ", + "

    Their employer can claim a grant to help cover the cost of their wages.

    ", + "

    Holiday entitlement for those without worker status remains the same and depends on their contract.

    ", + "

    Agency workers may also be able to carry holiday into future leave years.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more guidance on holiday entitlement and pay during coronavirus.\nYou can also find out more about holiday entitlement during coronavirus on the Acas website.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/maximum-weekly-working-hours": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maximum-weekly-working-hours", + "title": "Maximum weekly working hours", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can\u2019t work more than 48 hours a week on average - normally averaged over 17 weeks. This law is sometimes called the \u2018working time directive\u2019 or \u2018working time regulations\u2019.\n\nYou can choose to work more by opting out of the 48-hour week.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 18, you can\u2019t work more than 8 hours a day or 40 hours a week.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou may have to work more than 48 hours a week on average if you work in a job:\n\n- where 24-hour staffing is required\n\n- in the armed forces, emergency services or police\n\n- in security and surveillance\n\n- as a domestic servant in a private household\n\n- as a seafarer, sea-fisherman or worker on vessels on inland waterways\n\n- where working time is not measured and you\u2019re in control, eg you\u2019re a managing executive with control over your decisions\n\nContact the Acas helpline or use the Acas Helpline Online to get further advice on working hours.\n\n## Calculating your working hours\n\nAverage working hours are calculated over a \u2018reference\u2019 period, normally 17 weeks.\n\nThis means you can work more than 48 hours one week, as long as the average over 17 weeks is less than 48 hours a week.\n\nYour working hours can\u2019t be averaged out if you\u2019re under 18. You can\u2019t work more than 40 hours in any one week.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nSome jobs have different reference periods, eg:\n\n- trainee doctors have a 26-week reference period\n\n- the offshore oil and gas sector has a 52-week reference period\n\n## What counts as work\n\nA working week includes:\n\n- job-related training\n\n- time spent travelling if you travel as part of your job, eg sales rep\n\n- working lunches, eg business lunches\n\n- time spent working abroad\n\n- paid overtime\n\n- unpaid overtime you\u2019re asked to do\n\n- time spent on call at the workplace\n\n- any time that is treated as \u2018working time\u2019 under a contract\n\n- travel between home and work at the start and end of the working day (if you don\u2019t have a fixed place of work)\n\n## What doesn\u2019t count as work\n\nA working week doesn\u2019t include:\n\n- time you spend on call away from the workplace\n\n- breaks when no work is done, eg lunch breaks\n\n- travelling outside of normal working hours\n\n- unpaid overtime you\u2019ve volunteered for, eg staying late to finish something off\n\n- paid or unpaid holiday\n\n- travel to and from work (if you have a fixed place of work)\n\n## You have more than one job\n\nYour combined working hours shouldn\u2019t be more than 48 hours a week on average.\n\nIf you work more than 48 hours on average, you can either:\n\n- sign an opt-out agreement\n\n- reduce your hours to meet the 48-hour limit\n\n## Opting out of the 48 hour week\n\nYou can choose to work more than 48 hours a week on average if you\u2019re over 18. This is called \u2018opting out\u2019.\n\nYour employer can ask you to opt out, but you can\u2019t be sacked or treated unfairly for refusing to do so.\n\nYou can opt out for a certain period or indefinitely. It must be voluntary and in writing.\n\n## Workers who can\u2019t opt out\n\nYou can\u2019t opt-out of the 48 hour week if you\u2019re:\n\n- airline staff\n\n- a worker on ships or boats\n\n- a worker in the road transport industry, eg delivery drivers (except for drivers of vehicles under 3.5 tonnes using GB Domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules)\n\n- other staff who travel in and operate vehicles covered by EU rules on drivers\u2019 hours, eg bus conductors\n\n- a security guard on a vehicle carrying high-value goods\n\n## Cancelling an opt-out agreement\n\nYou can cancel your opt-out agreement whenever you want - even if it\u2019s part of your employment contract.\n\nYou must give your employer at least 7 days\u2019 notice. You may have to give more notice (up to 3 months) if you have a written opt-out agreement.\n\nYour employer can\u2019t force you to cancel your opt-out agreement.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t work more than 48 hours a week on average - normally averaged over 17 weeks. This law is sometimes called the \u2018working time directive\u2019 or \u2018working time regulations\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can choose to work more by opting out of the 48-hour week.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18, you can\u2019t work more than 8 hours a day or 40 hours a week.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You may have to work more than 48 hours a week on average if you work in a job:

    ", + "
  • where 24-hour staffing is required
    • ", + "
  • in the armed forces, emergency services or police
    • ", + "
  • in security and surveillance
    • ", + "
  • as a domestic servant in a private household
    • ", + "
  • as a seafarer, sea-fisherman or worker on vessels on inland waterways
    • ", + "
  • where working time is not measured and you\u2019re in control, eg you\u2019re a managing executive with control over your decisions
    • ", + "

    Contact the Acas helpline or use the Acas Helpline Online to get further advice on working hours.

    ", + "

    Calculating your working hours

    ", + "

    Average working hours are calculated over a \u2018reference\u2019 period, normally 17 weeks.

    ", + "

    This means you can work more than 48 hours one week, as long as the average over 17 weeks is less than 48 hours a week.

    ", + "

    Your working hours can\u2019t be averaged out if you\u2019re under 18. You can\u2019t work more than 40 hours in any one week.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    Some jobs have different reference periods, eg:

    ", + "
  • trainee doctors have a 26-week reference period
    • ", + "
  • the offshore oil and gas sector has a 52-week reference period
    • ", + "

    What counts as work

    ", + "

    A working week includes:

    ", + "
  • job-related training
    • ", + "
  • time spent travelling if you travel as part of your job, eg sales rep
    • ", + "
  • working lunches, eg business lunches
    • ", + "
  • time spent working abroad
    • ", + "
  • paid overtime
    • ", + "
  • unpaid overtime you\u2019re asked to do
    • ", + "
  • time spent on call at the workplace
    • ", + "
  • any time that is treated as \u2018working time\u2019 under a contract
    • ", + "
  • travel between home and work at the start and end of the working day (if you don\u2019t have a fixed place of work)
    • ", + "

    What doesn\u2019t count as work

    ", + "

    A working week doesn\u2019t include:

    ", + "
  • time you spend on call away from the workplace
    • ", + "
  • breaks when no work is done, eg lunch breaks
    • ", + "
  • travelling outside of normal working hours
    • ", + "
  • unpaid overtime you\u2019ve volunteered for, eg staying late to finish something off
    • ", + "
  • paid or unpaid holiday
    • ", + "
  • travel to and from work (if you have a fixed place of work)
    • ", + "

    You have more than one job

    ", + "

    Your combined working hours shouldn\u2019t be more than 48 hours a week on average.

    ", + "

    If you work more than 48 hours on average, you can either:

    ", + "
  • sign an opt-out agreement
    • ", + "
  • reduce your hours to meet the 48-hour limit
    • ", + "

    Opting out of the 48 hour week

    ", + "

    You can choose to work more than 48 hours a week on average if you\u2019re over 18. This is called \u2018opting out\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your employer can ask you to opt out, but you can\u2019t be sacked or treated unfairly for refusing to do so.

    ", + "

    You can opt out for a certain period or indefinitely. It must be voluntary and in writing.

    ", + "

    Workers who can\u2019t opt out

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t opt-out of the 48 hour week if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • airline staff
    • ", + "
  • a worker on ships or boats
    • ", + "
  • a worker in the road transport industry, eg delivery drivers (except for drivers of vehicles under 3.5 tonnes using GB Domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules)
    • ", + "
  • other staff who travel in and operate vehicles covered by EU rules on drivers\u2019 hours, eg bus conductors
    • ", + "
  • a security guard on a vehicle carrying high-value goods
    • ", + "

    Cancelling an opt-out agreement

    ", + "

    You can cancel your opt-out agreement whenever you want - even if it\u2019s part of your employment contract.

    ", + "

    You must give your employer at least 7 days\u2019 notice. You may have to give more notice (up to 3 months) if you have a written opt-out agreement.

    ", + "

    Your employer can\u2019t force you to cancel your opt-out agreement.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/night-working-hours": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/night-working-hours", + "title": "Night working hours", + "content": "## Hours and limits\n\nStaff who regularly work at least 3 hours during the \u2018night period\u2019 are night workers.\n\nThe night period is 11pm to 6am, unless the worker and employer agree a different night period.\n\nIf they do, it must be 7 hours long and include midnight to 5am. It must be agreed in writing.\n\nStaff may also be night workers if there\u2019s a collective agreement (for example, trade union agreement) that states their work is night work.\n\n## National Minimum Wage\n\nThe National Minimum Wage applies to night workers but there is not a higher night working rate.\n\n## Sleep-in shifts\n\nThe number of hours that workers get paid the National Minimum Wage depends on whether they\u2019re expected to sleep or work for most of their shift.\n\nWorkers who are expected to sleep for most of a sleep-in shift (for example, a care worker), and are provided with suitable sleeping facilities, will only get the National Minimum Wage for the periods when they\u2019re awake to perform tasks.\n\nWorkers who are expected to work for most of a shift will get the National Minimum Wage for their whole shift, even if they\u2019re allowed to sleep between tasks.\n\n## Limits on working hours for night workers\n\nAdditional rules apply to night workers on top of the rules on maximum weekly working hours and rest breaks.\n\nNight workers must not work more than an average of 8 hours in a 24-hour period.\n\nThe average is usually calculated over 17 weeks, but it can be over a longer period of up to 52 weeks if the workers and the employer agree - for example, by collective agreement.\n\nRegular overtime is included in the average, but not occasional overtime.\n\nWorkers cannot opt out of the limit.\n\n## Workers aged 16 or 17\n\nStaff aged 16 or 17 cannot work between midnight and 4am.\n\nThey usually cannot work between 10pm and 6am (this can be changed to not working between 11pm and 7am, by contract) but there are exceptions if they work in:\n\n- agriculture\n\n- cultural, sporting, artistic or advertising activities\n\n- a hospital\n\n- a hotel or catering\n\n- retail\n\n- post or newspaper delivery\n\nIn exceptional circumstances they can work at night if there\u2019s no adult to do the work and they\u2019re needed to either:\n\n- handle a sudden increase in demand\n\n- maintain the continuity of a service or production - for example, filming\n\nThe employer must give the young person a rest period of the same length as the extended shift.\n\nThere are other restrictions on employing young people.\n\n## Special hazards and mental or physical strain\n\nNight workers who deal with special hazards or whose work involves mental or physical strain cannot work longer than 8 hours in any 24-hour period.\n\nA risk assessment must be carried out to identify special hazards and work involving mental or physical strain.\n\nThe hazards and strains may also be set out in collective or workforce agreements.\n\n## What employers must do\n\nEmployers must keep records of night workers\u2019 working hours to show they are not exceeding the limits.\n\nThe records must be kept for at least 2 years.\n\nContact Acas for more information.\n\nYou cannot discriminate against a worker if they do not want to work nights.\n\n## Exceptions to night work limits\n\nThe limits on night working hours do not usually apply:\n\n- in the armed forces and emergency services\n\n- to domestic staff employed in a private house\n\n- when people can choose how long they work - for example, company executives or freelancers\n\nThe limits on night working hours do not apply:\n\n- in jobs that need round-the-clock staffing, like hospital work\n\n- in an industry with busy peak periods, like agriculture, retail, tourism, security and surveillance\n\n- if there\u2019s an emergency or an accident\n\n- if a member of staff has to travel a long distance from home to work or constantly works in different places\n\n- if a collective or workforce agreement excludes or changes the restriction on night work\n\nDifferent rules apply to workers in road, sea and air transport.\n\n## Rest breaks if night work limits do not apply\n\nWorkers must get \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 instead of a normal working week with breaks during the day.\n\nCompensatory rest is a minimum of 90 hours rest per week on average.\n\nEmployers must also follow the general rules on working hours.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure whether these exceptions apply in your situation, contact Acas.\n\n## Health assessments\n\nEmployers must offer workers a free health assessment before they become a night worker. Workers do not have to accept.\n\nThe assessment must be written by a qualified health professional. It can be a questionnaire.\n\nEmployers must take into account that night work might increase a worker\u2019s stress levels.\n\nThe worker must get a follow-up examination by a health professional when an employer is unsure if the worker is fit for night work.\n\nA repeat assessment must be offered regularly.\n\nThe employer must offer suitable other work where possible if a worker has health problems that a doctor says are related to night work.\n\n## Keep records\n\nEmployers must keep confidential records of:\n\n- the health assessments (keep for 2 years)\n\n- dates when assessments were offered (if a worker did not want one)", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Hours and limits

    ", + "

    Staff who regularly work at least 3 hours during the \u2018night period\u2019 are night workers.

    ", + "

    The night period is 11pm to 6am, unless the worker and employer agree a different night period.

    ", + "

    If they do, it must be 7 hours long and include midnight to 5am. It must be agreed in writing.

    ", + "

    Staff may also be night workers if there\u2019s a collective agreement (for example, trade union agreement) that states their work is night work.

    ", + "

    National Minimum Wage

    ", + "

    The National Minimum Wage applies to night workers but there is not a higher night working rate.

    ", + "

    Sleep-in shifts

    ", + "

    The number of hours that workers get paid the National Minimum Wage depends on whether they\u2019re expected to sleep or work for most of their shift.

    ", + "

    Workers who are expected to sleep for most of a sleep-in shift (for example, a care worker), and are provided with suitable sleeping facilities, will only get the National Minimum Wage for the periods when they\u2019re awake to perform tasks.

    ", + "

    Workers who are expected to work for most of a shift will get the National Minimum Wage for their whole shift, even if they\u2019re allowed to sleep between tasks.

    ", + "

    Limits on working hours for night workers

    ", + "

    Additional rules apply to night workers on top of the rules on maximum weekly working hours and rest breaks.

    ", + "

    Night workers must not work more than an average of 8 hours in a 24-hour period.

    ", + "

    The average is usually calculated over 17 weeks, but it can be over a longer period of up to 52 weeks if the workers and the employer agree - for example, by collective agreement.

    ", + "

    Regular overtime is included in the average, but not occasional overtime.

    ", + "

    Workers cannot opt out of the limit.

    ", + "

    Workers aged 16 or 17

    ", + "

    Staff aged 16 or 17 cannot work between midnight and 4am.

    ", + "

    They usually cannot work between 10pm and 6am (this can be changed to not working between 11pm and 7am, by contract) but there are exceptions if they work in:

    ", + "
  • agriculture
    • ", + "
  • cultural, sporting, artistic or advertising activities
    • ", + "
  • a hospital
    • ", + "
  • a hotel or catering
    • ", + "
  • retail
    • ", + "
  • post or newspaper delivery
    • ", + "

    In exceptional circumstances they can work at night if there\u2019s no adult to do the work and they\u2019re needed to either:

    ", + "
  • handle a sudden increase in demand
    • ", + "
  • maintain the continuity of a service or production - for example, filming
    • ", + "

    The employer must give the young person a rest period of the same length as the extended shift.

    ", + "

    There are other restrictions on employing young people.

    ", + "

    Special hazards and mental or physical strain

    ", + "

    Night workers who deal with special hazards or whose work involves mental or physical strain cannot work longer than 8 hours in any 24-hour period.

    ", + "

    A risk assessment must be carried out to identify special hazards and work involving mental or physical strain.

    ", + "

    The hazards and strains may also be set out in collective or workforce agreements.

    ", + "

    What employers must do

    ", + "

    Employers must keep records of night workers\u2019 working hours to show they are not exceeding the limits.

    ", + "

    The records must be kept for at least 2 years.

    ", + "

    Contact Acas for more information.

    ", + "

    You cannot discriminate against a worker if they do not want to work nights.

    ", + "

    Exceptions to night work limits

    ", + "

    The limits on night working hours do not usually apply:

    ", + "
  • in the armed forces and emergency services
    • ", + "
  • to domestic staff employed in a private house
    • ", + "
  • when people can choose how long they work - for example, company executives or freelancers
    • ", + "

    The limits on night working hours do not apply:

    ", + "
  • in jobs that need round-the-clock staffing, like hospital work
    • ", + "
  • in an industry with busy peak periods, like agriculture, retail, tourism, security and surveillance
    • ", + "
  • if there\u2019s an emergency or an accident
    • ", + "
  • if a member of staff has to travel a long distance from home to work or constantly works in different places
    • ", + "
  • if a collective or workforce agreement excludes or changes the restriction on night work
    • ", + "

    Different rules apply to workers in road, sea and air transport.

    ", + "

    Rest breaks if night work limits do not apply

    ", + "

    Workers must get \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 instead of a normal working week with breaks during the day.

    ", + "

    Compensatory rest is a minimum of 90 hours rest per week on average.

    ", + "

    Employers must also follow the general rules on working hours.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure whether these exceptions apply in your situation, contact Acas.

    ", + "

    Health assessments

    ", + "

    Employers must offer workers a free health assessment before they become a night worker. Workers do not have to accept.

    ", + "

    The assessment must be written by a qualified health professional. It can be a questionnaire.

    ", + "

    Employers must take into account that night work might increase a worker\u2019s stress levels.

    ", + "

    The worker must get a follow-up examination by a health professional when an employer is unsure if the worker is fit for night work.

    ", + "

    A repeat assessment must be offered regularly.

    ", + "

    The employer must offer suitable other work where possible if a worker has health problems that a doctor says are related to night work.

    ", + "

    Keep records

    ", + "

    Employers must keep confidential records of:

    ", + "
  • the health assessments (keep for 2 years)
    • ", + "
  • dates when assessments were offered (if a worker did not want one)
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/overtime-your-rights": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overtime-your-rights", + "title": "Overtime: your rights", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you have normal working hours, overtime usually means any time you work beyond these hours.\n\nNormal working hours are the hours fixed by your employment contract.\n\n## Overtime pay\n\nEmployers do not have to pay workers for overtime. However, your average pay for the total hours you work must not fall below the National Minimum Wage.\n\nYour employment contract will usually include details of any overtime pay rates and how they\u2019re worked out.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nContact Acas for free and confidential advice on working hours.\n\n## Compulsory overtime\n\nYou only have to work overtime if your contract says so.\n\nEven if it does, by law, you cannot usually be forced to work more than an average of 48 hours per week. You can agree to work longer - but this agreement must be in writing and signed by you.\n\nUnless your contract guarantees you overtime, your employer can stop you from working it.\n\nHowever, your employer cannot discriminate against anyone, for example by stopping some employees from working overtime while letting others do so.\n\n## Part-time workers\n\nUsually, part-time workers must not be treated less favourably than full-time staff.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get paid at your hourly rate if you work longer hours than set out in your employment contract. Your employer will usually only pay overtime if at least one of the following applies:\n\n- you work more than the normal working hours of full-time staff and full-time staff would get extra pay for working these hours\n\n- you work at unsocial times (for example, late at night) and full-time staff would get more pay\n\nYour contract will say if your right to paid overtime is different.\n\n## Time off and paid leave\n\n## Time off in lieu (TOIL)\n\nSome employers give you time off instead of paying for overtime. This is known as \u2018time off in lieu\u2019.\n\nYou agree the terms (for example, when it can be taken) with your employer.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you have normal working hours, overtime usually means any time you work beyond these hours.

    ", + "

    Normal working hours are the hours fixed by your employment contract.

    ", + "

    Overtime pay

    ", + "

    Employers do not have to pay workers for overtime. However, your average pay for the total hours you work must not fall below the National Minimum Wage.

    ", + "

    Your employment contract will usually include details of any overtime pay rates and how they\u2019re worked out.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Contact Acas for free and confidential advice on working hours.

    ", + "

    Compulsory overtime

    ", + "

    You only have to work overtime if your contract says so.

    ", + "

    Even if it does, by law, you cannot usually be forced to work more than an average of 48 hours per week. You can agree to work longer - but this agreement must be in writing and signed by you.

    ", + "

    Unless your contract guarantees you overtime, your employer can stop you from working it.

    ", + "

    However, your employer cannot discriminate against anyone, for example by stopping some employees from working overtime while letting others do so.

    ", + "

    Part-time workers

    ", + "

    Usually, part-time workers must not be treated less favourably than full-time staff.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally get paid at your hourly rate if you work longer hours than set out in your employment contract. Your employer will usually only pay overtime if at least one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you work more than the normal working hours of full-time staff and full-time staff would get extra pay for working these hours
    • ", + "
  • you work at unsocial times (for example, late at night) and full-time staff would get more pay
    • ", + "

    Your contract will say if your right to paid overtime is different.

    ", + "

    Time off and paid leave

    ", + "

    Time off in lieu (TOIL)

    ", + "

    Some employers give you time off instead of paying for overtime. This is known as \u2018time off in lieu\u2019.

    ", + "

    You agree the terms (for example, when it can be taken) with your employer.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "title": "Rest breaks at work", + "content": "## Overview\n\nWorkers over 18 are usually entitled to 3 types of break - rest breaks at work, daily rest and weekly rest.\n\n## Rest breaks at work\n\nWorkers have the right to one uninterrupted 20 minute rest break during their working day, if they work more than 6 hours a day. This could be a tea or lunch break.\n\nThe break doesn\u2019t have to be paid - it depends on their employment contract.\n\n## Daily rest\n\nWorkers have the right to 11 hours rest between working days, eg if they finish work at 8pm, they shouldn\u2019t start work again until 7am the next day.\n\n## Weekly rest\n\nWorkers have the right to either:\n\n- an uninterrupted 24 hours without any work each week\n\n- an uninterrupted 48 hours without any work each fortnight\n\nA worker\u2019s employment contract may say they\u2019re entitled to more or different rights to breaks from work.\n\n## Work that puts health and safety at risk\n\nAn employer should give an employee enough breaks to make sure their health and safety isn\u2019t at risk if that work is \u2018monotonous\u2019 (eg work on a production line).\n\nDomestic workers in a private house (eg a cleaner or au pair) aren\u2019t entitled to rest breaks for health and safety reasons.\n\n## Taking breaks\n\nEmployers can say when employees take rest breaks during work time as long as:\n\n- the break is taken in one go somewhere in the middle of the day (not at the beginning or end)\n\n- workers are allowed to spend it away from their desk or workstation (ie away from where they actually work)\n\nIt doesn\u2019t count as a rest break if an employer says an employee should go back to work before their break is finished.\n\nUnless a worker\u2019s employment contract says so, they don\u2019t have the right to:\n\n- take smoking breaks\n\n- get paid for rest breaks\n\n## Exceptions and special circumstances\n\nThere are exemptions to the rights to rest breaks.\n\nSome workers are entitled to compensatory rest breaks, eg shift workers.\n\nYoung people and lorry and coach drivers have different rights to rest breaks.\n\n## Compensatory rest\n\nWorkers may be entitled to \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 if they don\u2019t have the right to specific rest breaks. Compensatory rest breaks are the same length of time as the break (or part of it) that they\u2019ve missed.\n\nA worker may be entitled to compensatory rest if:\n\n- they\u2019re a shift worker and can\u2019t take daily or weekly rest breaks between ending one shift and starting another\n\n- their workplace is a long way from their home (eg an oil rig)\n\n- they work in different places which are a reasonable distance from each other\n\n- they\u2019re doing security and surveillance-based work\n\n- they\u2019re working in an industry which is very busy at certain times of the year \u2013 like agriculture, retail, postal services or tourism\n\n- they need to work because there\u2019s an exceptional event, an accident or a risk that an accident is about to happen\n\n- the job needs round-the-clock staffing so there aren\u2019t interruptions to any services or production (eg hospital work)\n\n- they work in the rail industry on board trains or their job is linked to making sure trains run on time\n\n- their working day is split up (eg they\u2019re a cleaner and work for part of the morning and the evening)\n\n- there is an agreement between management, trade unions or the workforce (a \u2018collective\u2019 or \u2018workforce\u2019 agreement) that has changed or removed rights to these rest breaks for a group of workers\n\nThe total rest entitlement for a week is 90 hours a week on average - this doesn\u2019t include breaks at work, which are additional.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nWorkers aren\u2019t entitled to the 3 general types of rest break if they work in:\n\n- the armed forces, emergency services or police and they\u2019re dealing with an exceptional catastrophe or disaster\n\n- a job where they freely choose what hours they work (like a managing director) or where the work is not measured (ie no set hours)\n\n- sea transport\n\n- air or road transport (known as \u2018mobile\u2019 workers)\n\nAir, sea or road transport workers may be covered by special rules that give them different rest rights.\n\nMobile workers not covered by any special rules usually have the right to regular rest so that their health and safety (or anyone else\u2019s) isn\u2019t put at risk.\n\nThere are also special rules for young workers and for lorry and coach drivers.\n\n## Young workers\n\nYoung workers (above school leaving age and under 18) are usually entitled to:\n\n- a 30 minute rest break if they work more than 4.5 hours (if possible this should be one continuous break)\n\n- daily rest of 12 hours\n\n- weekly rest of 48 hours\n\n## Exceptions for young workers\n\nYoung workers sometimes aren\u2019t entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work if their work has to be done because of an exceptional event (eg an accident). This is only where:\n\n- there isn\u2019t a worker over 18 who can do the work\n\n- the work is temporary and must be done immediately\n\n## Compensatory rest for young workers\n\nYoung workers have the right to compensatory rest if they\u2019re not entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work. This is the same amount of rest that they should have had. It can be taken just after any rest they\u2019ve missed but it must be taken within the following 3 weeks.\n\n## Disputes\n\nWorkers who can\u2019t take or aren\u2019t allowed rest breaks should speak to their manager informally.\n\nGet more information for employees who want to raise a grievance or advice for employers on handling grievances if there is a disagreement about rest breaks.\n\nWorkers can also get advice on rest breaks from the Acas helpline.\n\nIf a worker can\u2019t solve a problem, they may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Workers over 18 are usually entitled to 3 types of break - rest breaks at work, daily rest and weekly rest.

    ", + "

    Rest breaks at work

    ", + "

    Workers have the right to one uninterrupted 20 minute rest break during their working day, if they work more than 6 hours a day. This could be a tea or lunch break.

    ", + "

    The break doesn\u2019t have to be paid - it depends on their employment contract.

    ", + "

    Daily rest

    ", + "

    Workers have the right to 11 hours rest between working days, eg if they finish work at 8pm, they shouldn\u2019t start work again until 7am the next day.

    ", + "

    Weekly rest

    ", + "

    Workers have the right to either:

    ", + "
  • an uninterrupted 24 hours without any work each week
    • ", + "
  • an uninterrupted 48 hours without any work each fortnight
    • ", + "

    A worker\u2019s employment contract may say they\u2019re entitled to more or different rights to breaks from work.

    ", + "

    Work that puts health and safety at risk

    ", + "

    An employer should give an employee enough breaks to make sure their health and safety isn\u2019t at risk if that work is \u2018monotonous\u2019 (eg work on a production line).

    ", + "

    Domestic workers in a private house (eg a cleaner or au pair) aren\u2019t entitled to rest breaks for health and safety reasons.

    ", + "

    Taking breaks

    ", + "

    Employers can say when employees take rest breaks during work time as long as:

    ", + "
  • the break is taken in one go somewhere in the middle of the day (not at the beginning or end)
    • ", + "
  • workers are allowed to spend it away from their desk or workstation (ie away from where they actually work)
    • ", + "

    It doesn\u2019t count as a rest break if an employer says an employee should go back to work before their break is finished.

    ", + "

    Unless a worker\u2019s employment contract says so, they don\u2019t have the right to:

    ", + "
  • take smoking breaks
    • ", + "
  • get paid for rest breaks
    • ", + "

    Exceptions and special circumstances

    ", + "

    There are exemptions to the rights to rest breaks.

    ", + "

    Some workers are entitled to compensatory rest breaks, eg shift workers.

    ", + "

    Young people and lorry and coach drivers have different rights to rest breaks.

    ", + "

    Compensatory rest

    ", + "

    Workers may be entitled to \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 if they don\u2019t have the right to specific rest breaks. Compensatory rest breaks are the same length of time as the break (or part of it) that they\u2019ve missed.

    ", + "

    A worker may be entitled to compensatory rest if:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re a shift worker and can\u2019t take daily or weekly rest breaks between ending one shift and starting another
    • ", + "
  • their workplace is a long way from their home (eg an oil rig)
    • ", + "
  • they work in different places which are a reasonable distance from each other
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re doing security and surveillance-based work
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re working in an industry which is very busy at certain times of the year \u2013 like agriculture, retail, postal services or tourism
    • ", + "
  • they need to work because there\u2019s an exceptional event, an accident or a risk that an accident is about to happen
    • ", + "
  • the job needs round-the-clock staffing so there aren\u2019t interruptions to any services or production (eg hospital work)
    • ", + "
  • they work in the rail industry on board trains or their job is linked to making sure trains run on time
    • ", + "
  • their working day is split up (eg they\u2019re a cleaner and work for part of the morning and the evening)
    • ", + "
  • there is an agreement between management, trade unions or the workforce (a \u2018collective\u2019 or \u2018workforce\u2019 agreement) that has changed or removed rights to these rest breaks for a group of workers
    • ", + "

    The total rest entitlement for a week is 90 hours a week on average - this doesn\u2019t include breaks at work, which are additional.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    Workers aren\u2019t entitled to the 3 general types of rest break if they work in:

    ", + "
  • the armed forces, emergency services or police and they\u2019re dealing with an exceptional catastrophe or disaster
    • ", + "
  • a job where they freely choose what hours they work (like a managing director) or where the work is not measured (ie no set hours)
    • ", + "
  • sea transport
    • ", + "
  • air or road transport (known as \u2018mobile\u2019 workers)
    • ", + "

    Air, sea or road transport workers may be covered by special rules that give them different rest rights.

    ", + "

    Mobile workers not covered by any special rules usually have the right to regular rest so that their health and safety (or anyone else\u2019s) isn\u2019t put at risk.

    ", + "

    There are also special rules for young workers and for lorry and coach drivers.

    ", + "

    Young workers

    ", + "

    Young workers (above school leaving age and under 18) are usually entitled to:

    ", + "
  • a 30 minute rest break if they work more than 4.5 hours (if possible this should be one continuous break)
    • ", + "
  • daily rest of 12 hours
    • ", + "
  • weekly rest of 48 hours
    • ", + "

    Exceptions for young workers

    ", + "

    Young workers sometimes aren\u2019t entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work if their work has to be done because of an exceptional event (eg an accident). This is only where:

    ", + "
  • there isn\u2019t a worker over 18 who can do the work
    • ", + "
  • the work is temporary and must be done immediately
    • ", + "

    Compensatory rest for young workers

    ", + "

    Young workers have the right to compensatory rest if they\u2019re not entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work. This is the same amount of rest that they should have had. It can be taken just after any rest they\u2019ve missed but it must be taken within the following 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Disputes

    ", + "

    Workers who can\u2019t take or aren\u2019t allowed rest breaks should speak to their manager informally.

    ", + "

    Get more information for employees who want to raise a grievance or advice for employers on handling grievances if there is a disagreement about rest breaks.

    ", + "

    Workers can also get advice on rest breaks from the Acas helpline.

    ", + "

    If a worker can\u2019t solve a problem, they may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "title": "Dismissing staff", + "content": "## Overview\n\nDismissal is when you end an employee\u2019s contract. When dismissing staff, you must do it fairly.\n\nThere are different types of dismissal:\n\n- fair dismissal\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n- constructive dismissal\n\n- wrongful dismissal\n\nIf you\u2019ve had to dismiss staff because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to re-employ them and pay their wages through the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme.\n\n## Fair and unfair dismissal\n\nA dismissal is fair or unfair depending on:\n\n- your reason for it\n\n- how you act during the dismissal process\n\n## Constructive dismissal\n\nThis is when an employee resigns because you\u2019ve breached their employment contract. This could be a single serious event or a series of less serious events.\n\nAn employee could claim constructive dismissal if you:\n\n- cut their wages without agreement\n\n- unlawfully demote them\n\n- allow them to be harassed, bullied or discriminated against\n\n- unfairly increase their workload\n\n- change the location of their workplace at short notice\n\n- make them work in dangerous conditions\n\nA constructive dismissal is not necessarily unfair - but it would be difficult for you to show that a breach of contract was fair.\n\nA constructive dismissal might lead to a claim for wrongful dismissal.\n\n## Wrongful dismissal\n\nThis is where you break the terms of an employee\u2019s contract in the dismissal process, for example dismissing someone without giving them proper notice.\n\nWrongful dismissal is not the same as unfair dismissal.\n\nIf an employee thinks you\u2019ve dismissed them unfairly, constructively or wrongfully, they might take you to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Fair dismissals\n\nYou must have a valid reason for dismissing an employee. Valid reasons include:\n\n- their capability or conduct\n\n- redundancy\n\n- something that prevents them from legally being able to do their job, for example a driver losing their driving licence\n\nThere could be other fair reasons too - these are sometimes called \u2018other substantial reasons\u2019.\n\n## Acting reasonably\n\nEven if you have a fair reason, the dismissal is only fair if you also act reasonably during the dismissal and disciplinary process.\n\nThere\u2019s no legal definition of \u2018reasonableness\u2019, but if you\u2019re taken to an employment or industrial tribunal they would consider whether you:\n\n- genuinely believed that the reason was fair\n\n- carried out proper investigations where appropriate\n\n- followed the relevant procedures\n\n- told the employee why they were being considered for dismissal and listened to their views (in Northern Ireland, the employer must do this in writing)\n\n- allowed the employee to be accompanied at disciplinary/dismissal hearings\n\n- gave the employee the chance to appeal\n\nReasonableness might also depend on whether the employee could be expected to understand the consequences of their behaviour.\n\n## Dismissal and disciplinary procedures\n\nYou must set out your dismissal and disciplinary rules and procedures in writing - if you do not, a tribunal can order you to pay an employee compensation.\n\n## Summary dismissal\n\nThis is when you dismiss someone instantly without notice or pay in lieu of notice, usually because of gross misconduct (for example theft, fraud, violence).\n\nTribunals may rule a summary dismissal as \u2018procedurally unfair\u2019 - you can only suspend someone without pay if their contract says you can do this. If it does not, you should suspend the employee on full pay and investigate the circumstances.\n\nIf you feel summary dismissal\u2019s your only choice, you must still follow a fair procedure as you would do for any other disciplinary matter.\n\n## Unfair dismissals\n\nEven if you think you\u2019ve dismissed someone fairly, they could still claim unfair dismissal against you if they think that:\n\n- the reason you gave for the dismissal was not the real one\n\n- the reason was unfair\n\n- you acted unreasonably, for example by failing to give them plenty of warning about their dismissal\n\n## Automatically unfair reasons for dismissal\n\nEven if you\u2019ve acted reasonably, some reasons for dismissal are classed automatically unfair. These are to do with the following areas:\n\n- pregnancy, including all reasons relating to maternity\n\n- family, including parental leave, paternity leave (birth and adoption), adoption leave or time off for dependants\n\n- acting as an employee representative\n\n- acting as a trade union representative\n\n- acting as an occupational pension scheme trustee\n\n- joining or not joining a trade union\n\n- being a part-time or fixed-term employee\n\n- pay and working hours, including the Working Time Regulations, annual leave and the National Minimum Wage\n\n- whistleblowing\n\nCompulsory retirement on the grounds of age is unlawful unfair dismissal unless you can objectively justify it - but you could be challenged at a tribunal.\n\n## Industrial action\n\nIt\u2019s automatically unfair to dismiss someone for taking part in official (\u2018lawful\u2019) industrial action:\n\n- in the 12-week period from the day the industrial action starts\n\n- if the action lasts longer than 12 weeks and you have not taken reasonable steps to resolve the dispute\n\nOnly an employment or industrial tribunal can decide whether or not you\u2019ve taken reasonable steps to resolve a dispute.\n\nIf you \u2018lock out\u2019 employees taking industrial action, the days of the lock-out are not included in the calculation of the 12-week protected period.\n\nA lock-out is where you prevent employees from getting to their workplace, for example by locking the doors.\n\n## Disability\n\nIf a disabled employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them.\n\n## Political beliefs and groups\n\nIt is not automatically unfair to dismiss someone because of their political beliefs or political groups they belong to, but a tribunal might find this unfair.\n\nThere\u2019s no longer a qualifying period for someone going to an employment tribunal if they\u2019ve been dismissed because of political opinions or affiliation. This applies to anyone dismissed from 25 June 2013.\n\n## Penalties for unfair dismissals\n\nIf a tribunal finds that an employee has been unfairly dismissed, you might be ordered to:\n\n- reinstate them (give them their job back)\n\n- re-engage them (re-employ them in a different job)\n\nYou might also have to pay compensation, which depends on the employee\u2019s:\n\n- age\n\n- gross weekly pay\n\n- length of service\n\nYou might have to pay extra compensation if you do not follow a tribunal\u2019s order to reinstate someone.\n\nThere\u2019s a limit on the amount a tribunal can award for unfair dismissal, apart from in cases relating to:\n\n- health and safety (for example where you unfairly dismiss someone for taking action on health and safety grounds)\n\n- whistleblowing\n\n## Eligibility to claim unfair dismissal\n\nEmployees can only claim unfair dismissal if they\u2019ve worked for a qualifying period - unless they\u2019re claiming for an automatically unfair reason.\n\n| Date employment started | When the employee can claim |\n\n| Before 6 April 2012 | After first year of employment |\n\n| After 6 April 2012 | After 2 years of employment |\n\n## Who cannot claim unfair dismissal\n\nThe right to complain to a tribunal about unfair dismissal is not available to:\n\n- self-employed people\n\n- independent contractors\n\n- members of the armed forces\n\n- employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) in Northern Ireland\n\n- employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through a \u2018settlement agreement\u2019 or \u2018compromise agreement\u2019 after taking legal advice\n\n- employees employed under an illegal contract, for example a barman under the age of 18\n\n- employees covered by a dismissal procedure agreement that\u2019s been legally exempted from the unfair dismissal rules\n\n- employees taking part in unofficial industrial action (unless the dismissal is for an automatically unfair reason)\n\n- police officers (unless the dismissal relates to health and safety or whistleblowing)\n\n- those working on a fishing vessel and paid by a share in the profits or gross earnings of the vessel\n\n## Dismissals for conduct or performance reasons\n\nYou can dismiss an employee if:\n\n- they\u2019re incapable of doing their job to the required standard\n\n- they\u2019re capable, but unwilling to do their job properly\n\n- they\u2019ve committed some form of misconduct\n\nIf you want to dismiss someone, there\u2019s no specific process you must go through by law - as long as you do it fairly.\n\nIf a capability issue is linked to someone\u2019s health, you should try as many ways as possible to help them do their job before dismissing them.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures\n\nYou should include examples of what you consider to be misconduct in your disciplinary rules.\n\nDifferent disciplinary procedures are appropriate for different circumstances.\n\nEmployees have the right to be accompanied to all disciplinary meetings and to appeal to a manager. Keep notes of all meetings and give copies to the employee.\n\n## Misconduct\n\nMisconduct can include things like persistent lateness or unauthorised absence from work.\n\nTo make sure the dismissal is fair when misconduct is not \u2018serious\u2019 or \u2018gross\u2019:\n\n- Arrange a meeting with the employee, telling them the reason for it. At the meeting, give them a chance to explain and issue a first written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. In the warning, tell them how you expect them to improve and over what period - warn them that if they do not improve enough, you\u2019ll give them a final written warning.\n\n- Hold a second meeting if their performance or behaviour has not improved enough by the deadline - give them a chance to explain and issue a final written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. Revise the action plan with timescales for improvement and warn them that you\u2019ll consider dismissal if there\u2019s no improvement.\n\n- Hold a third meeting if their performance or behaviour is still not up to standard by these new deadlines. Warn them that dismissal is now possible. After the meeting - or appeal if there is one - decide whether to give the employee a further chance to improve, or dismiss them. You must tell the employee of your final decision, whatever it is.\n\n## Serious misconduct\n\nYou can issue a single \u2018first and final\u2019 written warning if the misconduct or underperformance is serious enough. Explain that not improving could lead to dismissal. \u2018Serious enough\u2019 includes if it\u2019s likely to or has caused serious harm to the organisation itself.\n\n## Gross misconduct\n\nGross misconduct can include things like theft, physical violence, gross negligence or serious insubordination.\n\nWith gross misconduct, you can dismiss the employee immediately as long as you follow a fair procedure. You should investigate the incident and give the employee a chance to respond before deciding to dismiss them.\n\n## One-off incidents\n\nAn informal discussion may be enough to resolve the issue if the misconduct or underperformance was a one-off and the employee has a good disciplinary record.\n\n## Dismissals due to illness\n\nSometimes an employee may have to stop working because of long-term ill health. They may resign, or you may have to consider dismissing them.\n\n## Considering dismissing an employee\n\nDismissal is a last resort and you should consider as many ways as possible to help the employee back to work, including:\n\n- getting a medical report from their GP with the employee\u2019s permission - they have the right to see the report before you do\n\n- arranging an occupational health assessment\n\n- work out whether or not they\u2019re disabled and make any reasonable adjustments to help them do their job\n\nIf the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.\n\n## How to dismiss someone\n\nDuring the dismissal procedure, make sure you act fairly and reasonably. You must treat the employee with sensitivity.\n\nYour procedure should follow the advice set out in the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) code of practice, or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) code of practice for Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you do not follow the code and are taken to an employment or industrial tribunal, you may have to pay compensation.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Dismissal is when you end an employee\u2019s contract. When dismissing staff, you must do it fairly.

    ", + "

    There are different types of dismissal:

    ", + "
  • fair dismissal
    • ", + "
  • unfair dismissal
    • ", + "
  • constructive dismissal
    • ", + "
  • wrongful dismissal
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve had to dismiss staff because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to re-employ them and pay their wages through the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme.

    ", + "

    Fair and unfair dismissal

    ", + "

    A dismissal is fair or unfair depending on:

    ", + "
  • your reason for it
    • ", + "
  • how you act during the dismissal process
    • ", + "

    Constructive dismissal

    ", + "

    This is when an employee resigns because you\u2019ve breached their employment contract. This could be a single serious event or a series of less serious events.

    ", + "

    An employee could claim constructive dismissal if you:

    ", + "
  • cut their wages without agreement
    • ", + "
  • unlawfully demote them
    • ", + "
  • allow them to be harassed, bullied or discriminated against
    • ", + "
  • unfairly increase their workload
    • ", + "
  • change the location of their workplace at short notice
    • ", + "
  • make them work in dangerous conditions
    • ", + "

    A constructive dismissal is not necessarily unfair - but it would be difficult for you to show that a breach of contract was fair.

    ", + "

    A constructive dismissal might lead to a claim for wrongful dismissal.

    ", + "

    Wrongful dismissal

    ", + "

    This is where you break the terms of an employee\u2019s contract in the dismissal process, for example dismissing someone without giving them proper notice.

    ", + "

    Wrongful dismissal is not the same as unfair dismissal.

    ", + "

    If an employee thinks you\u2019ve dismissed them unfairly, constructively or wrongfully, they might take you to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    Fair dismissals

    ", + "

    You must have a valid reason for dismissing an employee. Valid reasons include:

    ", + "
  • their capability or conduct
    • ", + "
  • redundancy
    • ", + "
  • something that prevents them from legally being able to do their job, for example a driver losing their driving licence
    • ", + "

    There could be other fair reasons too - these are sometimes called \u2018other substantial reasons\u2019.

    ", + "

    Acting reasonably

    ", + "

    Even if you have a fair reason, the dismissal is only fair if you also act reasonably during the dismissal and disciplinary process.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no legal definition of \u2018reasonableness\u2019, but if you\u2019re taken to an employment or industrial tribunal they would consider whether you:

    ", + "
  • genuinely believed that the reason was fair
    • ", + "
  • carried out proper investigations where appropriate
    • ", + "
  • followed the relevant procedures
    • ", + "
  • told the employee why they were being considered for dismissal and listened to their views (in Northern Ireland, the employer must do this in writing)
    • ", + "
  • allowed the employee to be accompanied at disciplinary/dismissal hearings
    • ", + "
  • gave the employee the chance to appeal
    • ", + "

    Reasonableness might also depend on whether the employee could be expected to understand the consequences of their behaviour.

    ", + "

    Dismissal and disciplinary procedures

    ", + "

    You must set out your dismissal and disciplinary rules and procedures in writing - if you do not, a tribunal can order you to pay an employee compensation.

    ", + "

    Summary dismissal

    ", + "

    This is when you dismiss someone instantly without notice or pay in lieu of notice, usually because of gross misconduct (for example theft, fraud, violence).

    ", + "

    Tribunals may rule a summary dismissal as \u2018procedurally unfair\u2019 - you can only suspend someone without pay if their contract says you can do this. If it does not, you should suspend the employee on full pay and investigate the circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you feel summary dismissal\u2019s your only choice, you must still follow a fair procedure as you would do for any other disciplinary matter.

    ", + "

    Unfair dismissals

    ", + "

    Even if you think you\u2019ve dismissed someone fairly, they could still claim unfair dismissal against you if they think that:

    ", + "
  • the reason you gave for the dismissal was not the real one
    • ", + "
  • the reason was unfair
    • ", + "
  • you acted unreasonably, for example by failing to give them plenty of warning about their dismissal
    • ", + "

    Automatically unfair reasons for dismissal

    ", + "

    Even if you\u2019ve acted reasonably, some reasons for dismissal are classed automatically unfair. These are to do with the following areas:

    ", + "
  • pregnancy, including all reasons relating to maternity
    • ", + "
  • family, including parental leave, paternity leave (birth and adoption), adoption leave or time off for dependants
    • ", + "
  • acting as an employee representative
    • ", + "
  • acting as a trade union representative
    • ", + "
  • acting as an occupational pension scheme trustee
    • ", + "
  • joining or not joining a trade union
    • ", + "
  • being a part-time or fixed-term employee
    • ", + "
  • pay and working hours, including the Working Time Regulations, annual leave and the National Minimum Wage
    • ", + "
  • whistleblowing
    • ", + "

    Compulsory retirement on the grounds of age is unlawful unfair dismissal unless you can objectively justify it - but you could be challenged at a tribunal.

    ", + "

    Industrial action

    ", + "

    It\u2019s automatically unfair to dismiss someone for taking part in official (\u2018lawful\u2019) industrial action:

    ", + "
  • in the 12-week period from the day the industrial action starts
    • ", + "
  • if the action lasts longer than 12 weeks and you have not taken reasonable steps to resolve the dispute
    • ", + "

    Only an employment or industrial tribunal can decide whether or not you\u2019ve taken reasonable steps to resolve a dispute.

    ", + "

    If you \u2018lock out\u2019 employees taking industrial action, the days of the lock-out are not included in the calculation of the 12-week protected period.

    ", + "

    A lock-out is where you prevent employees from getting to their workplace, for example by locking the doors.

    ", + "

    Disability

    ", + "

    If a disabled employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them.

    ", + "

    Political beliefs and groups

    ", + "

    It is not automatically unfair to dismiss someone because of their political beliefs or political groups they belong to, but a tribunal might find this unfair.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no longer a qualifying period for someone going to an employment tribunal if they\u2019ve been dismissed because of political opinions or affiliation. This applies to anyone dismissed from 25 June 2013.

    ", + "

    Penalties for unfair dismissals

    ", + "

    If a tribunal finds that an employee has been unfairly dismissed, you might be ordered to:

    ", + "
  • reinstate them (give them their job back)
    • ", + "
  • re-engage them (re-employ them in a different job)
    • ", + "

    You might also have to pay compensation, which depends on the employee\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • gross weekly pay
    • ", + "
  • length of service
    • ", + "

    You might have to pay extra compensation if you do not follow a tribunal\u2019s order to reinstate someone.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a limit on the amount a tribunal can award for unfair dismissal, apart from in cases relating to:

    ", + "
  • health and safety (for example where you unfairly dismiss someone for taking action on health and safety grounds)
    • ", + "
  • whistleblowing
    • ", + "

    Eligibility to claim unfair dismissal

    ", + "

    Employees can only claim unfair dismissal if they\u2019ve worked for a qualifying period - unless they\u2019re claiming for an automatically unfair reason.

    ", + "Date employment started | When the employee can claim", + "Before 6 April 2012 | After first year of employment", + "After 6 April 2012 | After 2 years of employment", + "

    Who cannot claim unfair dismissal

    ", + "

    The right to complain to a tribunal about unfair dismissal is not available to:

    ", + "
  • self-employed people
    • ", + "
  • independent contractors
    • ", + "
  • members of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through a \u2018settlement agreement\u2019 or \u2018compromise agreement\u2019 after taking legal advice
    • ", + "
  • employees employed under an illegal contract, for example a barman under the age of 18
    • ", + "
  • employees covered by a dismissal procedure agreement that\u2019s been legally exempted from the unfair dismissal rules
    • ", + "
  • employees taking part in unofficial industrial action (unless the dismissal is for an automatically unfair reason)
    • ", + "
  • police officers (unless the dismissal relates to health and safety or whistleblowing)
    • ", + "
  • those working on a fishing vessel and paid by a share in the profits or gross earnings of the vessel
    • ", + "

    Dismissals for conduct or performance reasons

    ", + "

    You can dismiss an employee if:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re incapable of doing their job to the required standard
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re capable, but unwilling to do their job properly
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ve committed some form of misconduct
    • ", + "

    If you want to dismiss someone, there\u2019s no specific process you must go through by law - as long as you do it fairly.

    ", + "

    If a capability issue is linked to someone\u2019s health, you should try as many ways as possible to help them do their job before dismissing them.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary procedures

    ", + "

    You should include examples of what you consider to be misconduct in your disciplinary rules.

    ", + "

    Different disciplinary procedures are appropriate for different circumstances.

    ", + "

    Employees have the right to be accompanied to all disciplinary meetings and to appeal to a manager. Keep notes of all meetings and give copies to the employee.

    ", + "

    Misconduct

    ", + "

    Misconduct can include things like persistent lateness or unauthorised absence from work.

    ", + "

    To make sure the dismissal is fair when misconduct is not \u2018serious\u2019 or \u2018gross\u2019:

    ", + "
  • Arrange a meeting with the employee, telling them the reason for it. At the meeting, give them a chance to explain and issue a first written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. In the warning, tell them how you expect them to improve and over what period - warn them that if they do not improve enough, you\u2019ll give them a final written warning.
    • ", + "
  • Hold a second meeting if their performance or behaviour has not improved enough by the deadline - give them a chance to explain and issue a final written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. Revise the action plan with timescales for improvement and warn them that you\u2019ll consider dismissal if there\u2019s no improvement.
    • ", + "
  • Hold a third meeting if their performance or behaviour is still not up to standard by these new deadlines. Warn them that dismissal is now possible. After the meeting - or appeal if there is one - decide whether to give the employee a further chance to improve, or dismiss them. You must tell the employee of your final decision, whatever it is.
    • ", + "

    Serious misconduct

    ", + "

    You can issue a single \u2018first and final\u2019 written warning if the misconduct or underperformance is serious enough. Explain that not improving could lead to dismissal. \u2018Serious enough\u2019 includes if it\u2019s likely to or has caused serious harm to the organisation itself.

    ", + "

    Gross misconduct

    ", + "

    Gross misconduct can include things like theft, physical violence, gross negligence or serious insubordination.

    ", + "

    With gross misconduct, you can dismiss the employee immediately as long as you follow a fair procedure. You should investigate the incident and give the employee a chance to respond before deciding to dismiss them.

    ", + "

    One-off incidents

    ", + "

    An informal discussion may be enough to resolve the issue if the misconduct or underperformance was a one-off and the employee has a good disciplinary record.

    ", + "

    Dismissals due to illness

    ", + "

    Sometimes an employee may have to stop working because of long-term ill health. They may resign, or you may have to consider dismissing them.

    ", + "

    Considering dismissing an employee

    ", + "

    Dismissal is a last resort and you should consider as many ways as possible to help the employee back to work, including:

    ", + "
  • getting a medical report from their GP with the employee\u2019s permission - they have the right to see the report before you do
    • ", + "
  • arranging an occupational health assessment
    • ", + "
  • work out whether or not they\u2019re disabled and make any reasonable adjustments to help them do their job
    • ", + "

    If the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.

    ", + "

    How to dismiss someone

    ", + "

    During the dismissal procedure, make sure you act fairly and reasonably. You must treat the employee with sensitivity.

    ", + "

    Your procedure should follow the advice set out in the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) code of practice, or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) code of practice for Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If you do not follow the code and are taken to an employment or industrial tribunal, you may have to pay compensation.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/handling-employee-grievance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/handling-employee-grievance", + "title": "Handling an employee's grievance", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf your employee has a concern or problem that they haven\u2019t been able to resolve informally, they may make a formal grievance complaint to you.\n\nBusinesses must have a written grievance procedure in place and share it with all employees. It must say how the process works and how long it takes.\n\nAfter a hearing of the evidence, you should let the employee know your decision in writing. If they aren\u2019t happy with the decision, they can appeal.\n\n## Grievance procedure\n\nBy law employers must set out a grievance procedure and share it in writing with all employees, eg in their statement of employment or staff handbook. It must include:\n\n- who the employee should contact about a grievance\n\n- how to contact this person\n\nIt should also:\n\n- say that if the problem can\u2019t be resolved informally, there will be a meeting with the employee, called a grievance hearing\n\n- set out time limits for each stage of the process\n\n- identify who to contact if the normal contact person is involved in the grievance\n\n- explain how to appeal a grievance decision\n\n- state that employees can be accompanied in any meetings by a colleague or union representative\n\n- outline what happens if a grievance is raised during disciplinary action\n\nYou don\u2019t have to include information about the grievance procedure in employment contracts. However, if you do, you must follow the procedure, or the employee could bring a breach of contract claim against you.\n\n## Acas Code of Practice\n\nThe Acas Code of Practice isn\u2019t legally binding. However, an employment tribunal can reduce or increase any money awarded in a case by up to 25% if the code hasn\u2019t been followed.\n\n## The grievance hearing\n\n## Preparing for the hearing\n\nBefore holding a hearing, employers should:\n\n- give the employee notice so that they can prepare their case\n\n- carry out a full investigation if necessary and take statements from any witnesses who cannot attend\n\n- make it clear that the employee can bring a colleague or union representative if they want to\n\n- arrange for another manager to attend to make sure that the hearing is conducted properly\n\n- arrange for someone to take notes\n\n## Delays\n\nIf the employee cannot attend the hearing (eg because they are ill), offer them a reasonable alternative date and time.\n\nThe employee can also suggest a different time for the hearing if the person accompanying them cannot attend. They must do this within 5 working days after you proposed the original meeting time.\n\nYou can make your decision without having a hearing if:\n\n- you have already rearranged the meeting, but the employee fails to attend\n\n- the employee is on long-term sick leave and unable to go to meetings in the near future (they can supply written information instead if they want to)\n\n## Employers' decisions and appeals\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou should give the employee a copy of the meeting records. You may be able to leave out some information in certain circumstances (eg to protect a witness).\n\nAfter you have decided the action to take, write to the parties involved, setting out:\n\n- your decision and the reasons behind it\n\n- the appeals process and deadline\n\nIf there are any delays during the appeal process, it\u2019s important that you tell the employee as soon as possible.\n\n## Appeals\n\nIf the employee appeals, there should be another hearing to re-examine the decision. The process is the same as the original hearing but you should also look at:\n\n- the reasoning behind the appeal\n\n- any new evidence\n\nIf possible, the appeal should not be heard by the same person who held the original hearing.\n\nAfter the appeal hearing, you should set out your decision in writing and state that this is the final outcome.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If your employee has a concern or problem that they haven\u2019t been able to resolve informally, they may make a formal grievance complaint to you.

    ", + "

    Businesses must have a written grievance procedure in place and share it with all employees. It must say how the process works and how long it takes.

    ", + "

    After a hearing of the evidence, you should let the employee know your decision in writing. If they aren\u2019t happy with the decision, they can appeal.

    ", + "

    Grievance procedure

    ", + "

    By law employers must set out a grievance procedure and share it in writing with all employees, eg in their statement of employment or staff handbook. It must include:

    ", + "
  • who the employee should contact about a grievance
    • ", + "
  • how to contact this person
    • ", + "

    It should also:

    ", + "
  • say that if the problem can\u2019t be resolved informally, there will be a meeting with the employee, called a grievance hearing
    • ", + "
  • set out time limits for each stage of the process
    • ", + "
  • identify who to contact if the normal contact person is involved in the grievance
    • ", + "
  • explain how to appeal a grievance decision
    • ", + "
  • state that employees can be accompanied in any meetings by a colleague or union representative
    • ", + "
  • outline what happens if a grievance is raised during disciplinary action
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to include information about the grievance procedure in employment contracts. However, if you do, you must follow the procedure, or the employee could bring a breach of contract claim against you.

    ", + "

    Acas Code of Practice

    ", + "

    The Acas Code of Practice isn\u2019t legally binding. However, an employment tribunal can reduce or increase any money awarded in a case by up to 25% if the code hasn\u2019t been followed.

    ", + "

    The grievance hearing

    ", + "

    Preparing for the hearing

    ", + "

    Before holding a hearing, employers should:

    ", + "
  • give the employee notice so that they can prepare their case
    • ", + "
  • carry out a full investigation if necessary and take statements from any witnesses who cannot attend
    • ", + "
  • make it clear that the employee can bring a colleague or union representative if they want to
    • ", + "
  • arrange for another manager to attend to make sure that the hearing is conducted properly
    • ", + "
  • arrange for someone to take notes
    • ", + "

    Delays

    ", + "

    If the employee cannot attend the hearing (eg because they are ill), offer them a reasonable alternative date and time.

    ", + "

    The employee can also suggest a different time for the hearing if the person accompanying them cannot attend. They must do this within 5 working days after you proposed the original meeting time.

    ", + "

    You can make your decision without having a hearing if:

    ", + "
  • you have already rearranged the meeting, but the employee fails to attend
    • ", + "
  • the employee is on long-term sick leave and unable to go to meetings in the near future (they can supply written information instead if they want to)
    • ", + "

    Employers' decisions and appeals

    ", + "

    After the hearing

    ", + "

    You should give the employee a copy of the meeting records. You may be able to leave out some information in certain circumstances (eg to protect a witness).

    ", + "

    After you have decided the action to take, write to the parties involved, setting out:

    ", + "
  • your decision and the reasons behind it
    • ", + "
  • the appeals process and deadline
    • ", + "

    If there are any delays during the appeal process, it\u2019s important that you tell the employee as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    If the employee appeals, there should be another hearing to re-examine the decision. The process is the same as the original hearing but you should also look at:

    ", + "
  • the reasoning behind the appeal
    • ", + "
  • any new evidence
    • ", + "

    If possible, the appeal should not be heard by the same person who held the original hearing.

    ", + "

    After the appeal hearing, you should set out your decision in writing and state that this is the final outcome.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/staff-redundant": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/staff-redundant", + "title": "Making staff redundant", + "content": "## Overview\n\nRedundancy is when you dismiss an employee because you no longer need anyone to do their job. This might be because your business is:\n\n- changing what it does\n\n- doing things in a different way, for example using new machinery\n\n- changing location or closing down\n\nIf you\u2019ve been impacted by coronavirus (COVID-19), you can get funding to continue to pay your employees instead of making them redundant. This is known as furloughing.\n\nFor a redundancy to be genuine, you must demonstrate that the employee\u2019s job will no longer exist.\n\nRedundancies can be compulsory or non-compulsory. If you do have to make redundancies you can get help from Jobcentre Plus.\n\n## Employee rights\n\nEmployees have certain rights and may be entitled to redundancy pay if they\u2019re made redundant.\n\nAll employees under notice of redundancy have the right to:\n\n- reasonable time off to look for a new job or arrange training\n\n- not be unfairly selected for redundancy\n\nYou should always take steps to avoid redundancies before dismissing staff.\n\n## Alternative employment\n\nEmployers must try to find suitable alternative employment within the organisation for employees they\u2019ve made redundant.\n\nEmployees can try out an alternative role for 4 weeks (or more if agreed in writing) without giving up their right to redundancy pay.\n\n## Avoiding redundancies\n\nYou should take steps to avoid compulsory redundancies, for example by:\n\n- seeking applicants for voluntary redundancy or early retirement\n\n- seeking applications from existing staff to work flexibly\n\n- laying off self-employed contractors, freelancers etc\n\n- not using casual labour\n\n- restricting recruitment\n\n- reducing or banning overtime\n\n- filling vacancies elsewhere in the business with existing employees\n\n- short-time working or temporary lay-offs\n\n## Offers of alternative work\n\nEven if you\u2019ve selected someone for redundancy, you can still offer them alternative work.\n\nFor an offer to be valid:\n\n- it should be unconditional and in writing\n\n- it must be made before the employee\u2019s current contract ends\n\n- it should show how the new job differs from the old\n\n- the job must actually be offered to the employee - they should not have to apply\n\n- the new job must start within 4 weeks of the old job ending\n\nEmployees who accept an offer of alternative work are allowed a 4-week trial period to see if the work is suitable. If you both agree that it is not, they can still claim redundancy pay.\n\nThe trial period can be longer than 4 weeks if you agree this in writing.\n\nIf you think the job is suitable but the employee refuses to take it, they might lose any redundancy pay entitlement.\n\n## Lay-offs and short-time working\n\nYou can lay off an employee (ask them to stay at home or take unpaid leave) when you temporarily cannot give them paid work - as long as the employment contract allows this.\n\nShort-time working is when an employee works reduced hours or is paid less than half a week\u2019s pay.\n\nLaying off staff or short-time working can help avoid redundancies - but you have to agree this with staff first.\n\nThis could be in:\n\n- their employment contract\n\n- a national agreement for the industry\n\n- a collective agreement between you and a recognised trade union\n\nNational and collective agreements can only be enforced if they\u2019re in the employee\u2019s employment contract.\n\nYou may also be able to lay off an employee or put them on short-time working:\n\n- where you have clear evidence showing it\u2019s been widely accepted in your organisation over a long period of time\n\n- if you agree with the employee to change their employment contract to allow them to be laid off or put on short-time working (this will not automatically give you the power to do this without their consent in the future)\n\n## Statutory guarantee payments\n\nEmployees are entitled to these if you do not provide them with a full day\u2019s work during the time they\u2019d normally be required to work.\n\nThe maximum payment is \u00a330 a day for 5 days (\u00a3150) in any 3 months. If employees usually earn less than \u00a330 a day, they\u2019ll get their usual daily rate. For part-time workers, the rate is worked out proportionally.\n\nEmployees can claim a redundancy payment from you if the lay-off or short-time working runs for:\n\n- 4 or more weeks in a row\n\n- 6 or more weeks in a 13 week period, where no more than 3 are in a row\n\nThey must give you written notice in advance that they want to make a claim.\n\nYou do not have to pay if they\u2019ll return to normal working hours within 4 weeks.\n\nIf you do not give guarantee pay to someone who\u2019s entitled to it, they could take you to an employment tribunal.\n\nThere\u2019s more advice on lay-offs and short-time working on the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) website.\n\n## Non-compulsory redundancy\n\n## Voluntary redundancy\n\nThis is where you ask employees if they\u2019d like to volunteer for redundancy.\n\nYou must have a fair and transparent selection process and tell employees they will not automatically be selected just because they applied.\n\n## Early retirement\n\nThis is where you offer employees incentives to retire early. It is used as an alternative to voluntary redundancy.\n\nThe offer must be made across the workforce - you cannot single out specific individuals.\n\nYou cannot force anyone into early retirement - it must be the employee\u2019s choice.\n\n## Compulsory redundancy\n\nIf you decide you need to make compulsory redundancies, you must:\n\n- identify which employees will be made redundant\n\n- make sure you select people fairly - do not discriminate\n\n## Fair selection criteria\n\nFair reasons for selecting employees for redundancy include:\n\n- skills, qualifications and aptitude\n\n- standard of work and/or performance\n\n- attendance\n\n- disciplinary record\n\nYou can select employees based on their length of service (\u2018last in, first out\u2019) but only if you can justify it. It could be indirect discrimination if it affects one group of people more than another.\n\nDo not rely on length of service as your only selection criteria - this is likely to be age discrimination.\n\n## Unfair selection criteria\n\nSome selection criteria are automatically unfair. You must not select an employee for redundancy based on any of the following reasons:\n\n- pregnancy, including all reasons relating to maternity\n\n- family, including parental leave, paternity leave (birth and adoption), adoption leave or time off for dependants\n\n- acting as an employee representative\n\n- acting as a trade union representative\n\n- joining or not joining a trade union\n\n- being a part-time or fixed-term employee\n\n- age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, race, religion or belief, sex and sexual orientation\n\n- pay and working hours, including the Working Time Regulations, annual leave and the National Minimum Wage\n\nYou should always consult employees in a redundancy situation.\n\n## Redundancy consultations\n\nIf you do not consult employees in a redundancy situation, any redundancies you make will almost certainly be unfair and you could be taken to an employment tribunal.\n\nYou must follow \u2018collective consultation\u2019 rules if you\u2019re making 20 or more employees redundant within any 90-day period at a single establishment.\n\nThere are no set rules to follow if there are fewer than 20 redundancies planned, but it\u2019s good practice to fully consult employees and their representatives. An employment tribunal could decide that you\u2019ve dismissed your staff unfairly if you do not.\n\nConsultation does not have to end in agreement, but it must be carried out with a view to reaching it, including ways of avoiding or reducing the redundancies.\n\n## Collective consultation\n\nFollow these steps.\n\n- You must notify the Redundancy Payments Service (RPS) before a consultation starts. The deadline depends on the number of proposed redundancies.\n\n- Consult with trade union representatives or elected employee representatives - or with staff directly if there are none.\n\n- Provide information to representatives or staff about the planned redundancies, giving representatives or staff enough time to consider them.\n\n- Respond to any requests for further information.\n\n- Give any affected staff termination notices showing the agreed leaving date.\n\n- Issue redundancy notices once the consultation is complete.\n\n## Notification\n\nNotify RPS by filling in form HR1. Instructions on where to send it are on the form.\n\nThe deadline for notifying RPS depends on the number of proposed redundancies.\n\n| Number of proposed redundancies | When notification to RPS must be given |\n\n| 20 to 99 | 30 days before the first redundancy |\n\n| 100 or more | 45 days before the first redundancy |\n\nYou can be fined an unlimited amount if you do not notify RPS.\n\n## Consultation\n\nThere\u2019s no time limit on how long consultations last, but there is a minimum period before you can dismiss any employees.\n\n| Number of proposed redundancies | Minimum consultation period before dismissal |\n\n| 20 to 99 | 30 days |\n\n| 100 or more | 45 days |\n\n## Information you must provide to representatives or staff\n\nYou must provide written details of:\n\n- the reasons for redundancies\n\n- the numbers and categories of employees involved\n\n- the numbers of employees in each category\n\n- how you plan to select employees for redundancy\n\n- how you\u2019ll carry out redundancies\n\n- how you\u2019ll work out redundancy payments\n\n## Further information\n\nDownload the guidance on how to manage collective redundancies from Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas).\n\n## Giving staff notice\n\nYou must give staff notice and agree a leaving date once you\u2019ve finished the redundancy consultations.\n\nGive staff at least the statutory notice period, based on how long they have worked.\n\n| Length of service | Notice you must give |\n\n| 1 month to 2 years | At least a week |\n\n| 2 years to 12 years | A week\u2019s notice for every year employed |\n\n| 12 or more years | 12 weeks |\n\nYou can allow staff to leave earlier than the planned leaving date (for example without notice) by offering payment in lieu of notice.\n\n## Notice pay\n\nYou must give staff notice pay - based on their pay rate and notice period - or make a payment in lieu of notice.\n\nYour employee\u2019s notice pay is based on the average they earned per week over the 12 weeks before their notice period starts.\n\nIf your employee earned less than usual because you used the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme to put them \u2018on furlough\u2019, you must work out their notice payments based on what they would have earned normally.\n\n## Pay in lieu of notice\n\nIf you have included a payment in lieu of notice clause in the employment contract, you can end your staff\u2019s employment with no notice. This lets you make a payment to cover the notice period they would have worked.\n\nThese payments must have tax and National Insurance deducted.\n\nWhen you make payments in lieu of notice, you still have to pay staff the basic pay they would have got during the notice period. You also have to pay pension, private health care insurance or other contributions if it\u2019s in the employee\u2019s contract.\n\n## Redundancy pay\n\nEmployees you make redundant might be entitled to redundancy pay - this is called a \u2018statutory redundancy payment\u2019.\n\nTo be eligible, an individual must:\n\n- be an employee working under a contract of employment\n\n- have at least 2 years\u2019 continuous service\n\n- have been dismissed, laid off or put on short-time working - those who opted for early retirement do not qualify\n\nYou must make the payment when you dismiss the employee, or soon after.\n\nA redundant employee also has the right to a written statement setting out the amount of redundancy payment and how you worked it out.\n\n## Statutory redundancy pay rates\n\nThese are based on an employee\u2019s age and length of employment and are counted back from the date of dismissal.\n\nEmployees get:\n\n- 1.5 weeks\u2019 pay for each full year of employment after their 41st birthday\n\n- a week\u2019s pay for each full year of employment after their 22nd birthday\n\n- half a week\u2019s pay for each full year of employment up to their 22nd birthday\n\nLength of service is capped at 20 years.\n\nYour employee\u2019s weekly pay is the average they earned per week over the 12 weeks before the day they got their redundancy notice.\n\nIf your employee earned less than usual because you used the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme to put them \u2018on furlough\u2019, you must work out their redundancy payments based on what they would have earned normally.\n\nWeekly pay is capped at \u00a3544. The maximum amount of statutory redundancy pay is \u00a316,320.\n\nStatutory redundancy pay rates may be different in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou can give your staff extra redundancy pay if you want to, or have a qualifying period of less than 2 years.\n\nYou can use the redundancy pay calculator to work out payments.\n\n## If you do not pay\n\nIf you fail to pay redundancy pay or if an employee disagrees with the amount, they have 3 months from the date their employment ended to make a claim for payment to an employment tribunal.\n\nIf an employee does not claim in time, a tribunal still has 6 months to decide whether or not they should get a payment.\n\n## If you have financial difficulties\n\nIf your business would become insolvent as a result of making the statutory redundancy payments, the Insolvency Service\u2019s Redundancy Payments Service (RPS) may be able to help.\n\nYou\u2019d have to repay any debt as soon as possible. Email the Redundancy Payments Service for more information. Include all of the following in your email:\n\n- your name\n\n- whether you\u2019re the employer\n\n- whether you should be the main point of contact\n\n- the name of your business\n\n- your business address\n\n- number of redundancies\n\n## Tax\n\nEmployees who\u2019ve been made redundant only pay tax on payments over \u00a330,000. They do not pay any National Insurance.\n\nTax and National Insurance are deducted from other termination payments, for example payment in lieu of holiday or notice.\n\n## Getting help\n\nIf you have to make redundancies, Jobcentre Plus can give you and your employees support and advice through its Rapid Response Service.\n\nSupport could include:\n\n- helping people facing redundancy to write CVs and find jobs\n\n- providing general information about benefits\n\n- helping people to find the right training and learn new skills\n\n- helping with costs like travel to work expenses\n\nJobcentre Plus may also provide on-site support for large scale redundancies.\n\nIn Scotland, Rapid Response Service support is delivered through Partnership Action for Continuing Employment (PACE) - there\u2019s more information on the Skills Development Scotland website.\n\nIn Wales, the service is delivered by the ReAct scheme.\n\nAcas has an online redundancy helpline.\n\n## How to get help\n\nTo find out how your business can use the Rapid Response Service, email rrs.enquiries@dwp.gov.uk and include:\n\n- your contact details\n\n- the town(s) your business is based in (including postcodes)\n\n- the location(s) of the redundancies", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Redundancy is when you dismiss an employee because you no longer need anyone to do their job. This might be because your business is:

    ", + "
  • changing what it does
    • ", + "
  • doing things in a different way, for example using new machinery
    • ", + "
  • changing location or closing down
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been impacted by coronavirus (COVID-19), you can get funding to continue to pay your employees instead of making them redundant. This is known as furloughing.

    ", + "

    For a redundancy to be genuine, you must demonstrate that the employee\u2019s job will no longer exist.

    ", + "

    Redundancies can be compulsory or non-compulsory. If you do have to make redundancies you can get help from Jobcentre Plus.

    ", + "

    Employee rights

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    Employees have certain rights and may be entitled to redundancy pay if they\u2019re made redundant.

    ", + "

    All employees under notice of redundancy have the right to:

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  • reasonable time off to look for a new job or arrange training
    • ", + "
  • not be unfairly selected for redundancy
    • ", + "

    You should always take steps to avoid redundancies before dismissing staff.

    ", + "

    Alternative employment

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    Employers must try to find suitable alternative employment within the organisation for employees they\u2019ve made redundant.

    ", + "

    Employees can try out an alternative role for 4 weeks (or more if agreed in writing) without giving up their right to redundancy pay.

    ", + "

    Avoiding redundancies

    ", + "

    You should take steps to avoid compulsory redundancies, for example by:

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  • seeking applicants for voluntary redundancy or early retirement
    • ", + "
  • seeking applications from existing staff to work flexibly
    • ", + "
  • laying off self-employed contractors, freelancers etc
    • ", + "
  • not using casual labour
    • ", + "
  • restricting recruitment
    • ", + "
  • reducing or banning overtime
    • ", + "
  • filling vacancies elsewhere in the business with existing employees
    • ", + "
  • short-time working or temporary lay-offs
    • ", + "

    Offers of alternative work

    ", + "

    Even if you\u2019ve selected someone for redundancy, you can still offer them alternative work.

    ", + "

    For an offer to be valid:

    ", + "
  • it should be unconditional and in writing
    • ", + "
  • it must be made before the employee\u2019s current contract ends
    • ", + "
  • it should show how the new job differs from the old
    • ", + "
  • the job must actually be offered to the employee - they should not have to apply
    • ", + "
  • the new job must start within 4 weeks of the old job ending
    • ", + "

    Employees who accept an offer of alternative work are allowed a 4-week trial period to see if the work is suitable. If you both agree that it is not, they can still claim redundancy pay.

    ", + "

    The trial period can be longer than 4 weeks if you agree this in writing.

    ", + "

    If you think the job is suitable but the employee refuses to take it, they might lose any redundancy pay entitlement.

    ", + "

    Lay-offs and short-time working

    ", + "

    You can lay off an employee (ask them to stay at home or take unpaid leave) when you temporarily cannot give them paid work - as long as the employment contract allows this.

    ", + "

    Short-time working is when an employee works reduced hours or is paid less than half a week\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    Laying off staff or short-time working can help avoid redundancies - but you have to agree this with staff first.

    ", + "

    This could be in:

    ", + "
  • their employment contract
    • ", + "
  • a national agreement for the industry
    • ", + "
  • a collective agreement between you and a recognised trade union
    • ", + "

    National and collective agreements can only be enforced if they\u2019re in the employee\u2019s employment contract.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to lay off an employee or put them on short-time working:

    ", + "
  • where you have clear evidence showing it\u2019s been widely accepted in your organisation over a long period of time
    • ", + "
  • if you agree with the employee to change their employment contract to allow them to be laid off or put on short-time working (this will not automatically give you the power to do this without their consent in the future)
    • ", + "

    Statutory guarantee payments

    ", + "

    Employees are entitled to these if you do not provide them with a full day\u2019s work during the time they\u2019d normally be required to work.

    ", + "

    The maximum payment is \u00a330 a day for 5 days (\u00a3150) in any 3 months. If employees usually earn less than \u00a330 a day, they\u2019ll get their usual daily rate. For part-time workers, the rate is worked out proportionally.

    ", + "

    Employees can claim a redundancy payment from you if the lay-off or short-time working runs for:

    ", + "
  • 4 or more weeks in a row
    • ", + "
  • 6 or more weeks in a 13 week period, where no more than 3 are in a row
    • ", + "

    They must give you written notice in advance that they want to make a claim.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay if they\u2019ll return to normal working hours within 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you do not give guarantee pay to someone who\u2019s entitled to it, they could take you to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more advice on lay-offs and short-time working on the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) website.

    ", + "

    Non-compulsory redundancy

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    Voluntary redundancy

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    This is where you ask employees if they\u2019d like to volunteer for redundancy.

    ", + "

    You must have a fair and transparent selection process and tell employees they will not automatically be selected just because they applied.

    ", + "

    Early retirement

    ", + "

    This is where you offer employees incentives to retire early. It is used as an alternative to voluntary redundancy.

    ", + "

    The offer must be made across the workforce - you cannot single out specific individuals.

    ", + "

    You cannot force anyone into early retirement - it must be the employee\u2019s choice.

    ", + "

    Compulsory redundancy

    ", + "

    If you decide you need to make compulsory redundancies, you must:

    ", + "
  • identify which employees will be made redundant
    • ", + "
  • make sure you select people fairly - do not discriminate
    • ", + "

    Fair selection criteria

    ", + "

    Fair reasons for selecting employees for redundancy include:

    ", + "
  • skills, qualifications and aptitude
    • ", + "
  • standard of work and/or performance
    • ", + "
  • attendance
    • ", + "
  • disciplinary record
    • ", + "

    You can select employees based on their length of service (\u2018last in, first out\u2019) but only if you can justify it. It could be indirect discrimination if it affects one group of people more than another.

    ", + "

    Do not rely on length of service as your only selection criteria - this is likely to be age discrimination.

    ", + "

    Unfair selection criteria

    ", + "

    Some selection criteria are automatically unfair. You must not select an employee for redundancy based on any of the following reasons:

    ", + "
  • pregnancy, including all reasons relating to maternity
    • ", + "
  • family, including parental leave, paternity leave (birth and adoption), adoption leave or time off for dependants
    • ", + "
  • acting as an employee representative
    • ", + "
  • acting as a trade union representative
    • ", + "
  • joining or not joining a trade union
    • ", + "
  • being a part-time or fixed-term employee
    • ", + "
  • age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, race, religion or belief, sex and sexual orientation
    • ", + "
  • pay and working hours, including the Working Time Regulations, annual leave and the National Minimum Wage
    • ", + "

    You should always consult employees in a redundancy situation.

    ", + "

    Redundancy consultations

    ", + "

    If you do not consult employees in a redundancy situation, any redundancies you make will almost certainly be unfair and you could be taken to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    You must follow \u2018collective consultation\u2019 rules if you\u2019re making 20 or more employees redundant within any 90-day period at a single establishment.

    ", + "

    There are no set rules to follow if there are fewer than 20 redundancies planned, but it\u2019s good practice to fully consult employees and their representatives. An employment tribunal could decide that you\u2019ve dismissed your staff unfairly if you do not.

    ", + "

    Consultation does not have to end in agreement, but it must be carried out with a view to reaching it, including ways of avoiding or reducing the redundancies.

    ", + "

    Collective consultation

    ", + "

    Follow these steps.

    ", + "
  • You must notify the Redundancy Payments Service (RPS) before a consultation starts. The deadline depends on the number of proposed redundancies.
    • ", + "
  • Consult with trade union representatives or elected employee representatives - or with staff directly if there are none.
    • ", + "
  • Provide information to representatives or staff about the planned redundancies, giving representatives or staff enough time to consider them.
    • ", + "
  • Respond to any requests for further information.
    • ", + "
  • Give any affected staff termination notices showing the agreed leaving date.
    • ", + "
  • Issue redundancy notices once the consultation is complete.
    • ", + "

    Notification

    ", + "

    Notify RPS by filling in form HR1. Instructions on where to send it are on the form.

    ", + "

    The deadline for notifying RPS depends on the number of proposed redundancies.

    ", + "Number of proposed redundancies | When notification to RPS must be given", + "20 to 99 | 30 days before the first redundancy", + "100 or more | 45 days before the first redundancy", + "

    You can be fined an unlimited amount if you do not notify RPS.

    ", + "

    Consultation

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no time limit on how long consultations last, but there is a minimum period before you can dismiss any employees.

    ", + "Number of proposed redundancies | Minimum consultation period before dismissal", + "20 to 99 | 30 days", + "100 or more | 45 days", + "

    Information you must provide to representatives or staff

    ", + "

    You must provide written details of:

    ", + "
  • the reasons for redundancies
    • ", + "
  • the numbers and categories of employees involved
    • ", + "
  • the numbers of employees in each category
    • ", + "
  • how you plan to select employees for redundancy
    • ", + "
  • how you\u2019ll carry out redundancies
    • ", + "
  • how you\u2019ll work out redundancy payments
    • ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Download the guidance on how to manage collective redundancies from Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas).

    ", + "

    Giving staff notice

    ", + "

    You must give staff notice and agree a leaving date once you\u2019ve finished the redundancy consultations.

    ", + "

    Give staff at least the statutory notice period, based on how long they have worked.

    ", + "Length of service | Notice you must give", + "1 month to 2 years | At least a week", + "2 years to 12 years | A week\u2019s notice for every year employed", + "12 or more years | 12 weeks", + "

    You can allow staff to leave earlier than the planned leaving date (for example without notice) by offering payment in lieu of notice.

    ", + "

    Notice pay

    ", + "

    You must give staff notice pay - based on their pay rate and notice period - or make a payment in lieu of notice.

    ", + "

    Your employee\u2019s notice pay is based on the average they earned per week over the 12 weeks before their notice period starts.

    ", + "

    If your employee earned less than usual because you used the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme to put them \u2018on furlough\u2019, you must work out their notice payments based on what they would have earned normally.

    ", + "

    Pay in lieu of notice

    ", + "

    If you have included a payment in lieu of notice clause in the employment contract, you can end your staff\u2019s employment with no notice. This lets you make a payment to cover the notice period they would have worked.

    ", + "

    These payments must have tax and National Insurance deducted.

    ", + "

    When you make payments in lieu of notice, you still have to pay staff the basic pay they would have got during the notice period. You also have to pay pension, private health care insurance or other contributions if it\u2019s in the employee\u2019s contract.

    ", + "

    Redundancy pay

    ", + "

    Employees you make redundant might be entitled to redundancy pay - this is called a \u2018statutory redundancy payment\u2019.

    ", + "

    To be eligible, an individual must:

    ", + "
  • be an employee working under a contract of employment
    • ", + "
  • have at least 2 years\u2019 continuous service
    • ", + "
  • have been dismissed, laid off or put on short-time working - those who opted for early retirement do not qualify
    • ", + "

    You must make the payment when you dismiss the employee, or soon after.

    ", + "

    A redundant employee also has the right to a written statement setting out the amount of redundancy payment and how you worked it out.

    ", + "

    Statutory redundancy pay rates

    ", + "

    These are based on an employee\u2019s age and length of employment and are counted back from the date of dismissal.

    ", + "

    Employees get:

    ", + "
  • 1.5 weeks\u2019 pay for each full year of employment after their 41st birthday
    • ", + "
  • a week\u2019s pay for each full year of employment after their 22nd birthday
    • ", + "
  • half a week\u2019s pay for each full year of employment up to their 22nd birthday
    • ", + "

    Length of service is capped at 20 years.

    ", + "

    Your employee\u2019s weekly pay is the average they earned per week over the 12 weeks before the day they got their redundancy notice.

    ", + "

    If your employee earned less than usual because you used the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme to put them \u2018on furlough\u2019, you must work out their redundancy payments based on what they would have earned normally.

    ", + "

    Weekly pay is capped at \u00a3544. The maximum amount of statutory redundancy pay is \u00a316,320.

    ", + "

    Statutory redundancy pay rates may be different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You can give your staff extra redundancy pay if you want to, or have a qualifying period of less than 2 years.

    ", + "

    You can use the redundancy pay calculator to work out payments.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay

    ", + "

    If you fail to pay redundancy pay or if an employee disagrees with the amount, they have 3 months from the date their employment ended to make a claim for payment to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    If an employee does not claim in time, a tribunal still has 6 months to decide whether or not they should get a payment.

    ", + "

    If you have financial difficulties

    ", + "

    If your business would become insolvent as a result of making the statutory redundancy payments, the Insolvency Service\u2019s Redundancy Payments Service (RPS) may be able to help.

    ", + "

    You\u2019d have to repay any debt as soon as possible. Email the Redundancy Payments Service for more information. Include all of the following in your email:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re the employer
    • ", + "
  • whether you should be the main point of contact
    • ", + "
  • the name of your business
    • ", + "
  • your business address
    • ", + "
  • number of redundancies
    • ", + "

    Tax

    ", + "

    Employees who\u2019ve been made redundant only pay tax on payments over \u00a330,000. They do not pay any National Insurance.

    ", + "

    Tax and National Insurance are deducted from other termination payments, for example payment in lieu of holiday or notice.

    ", + "

    Getting help

    ", + "

    If you have to make redundancies, Jobcentre Plus can give you and your employees support and advice through its Rapid Response Service.

    ", + "

    Support could include:

    ", + "
  • helping people facing redundancy to write CVs and find jobs
    • ", + "
  • providing general information about benefits
    • ", + "
  • helping people to find the right training and learn new skills
    • ", + "
  • helping with costs like travel to work expenses
    • ", + "

    Jobcentre Plus may also provide on-site support for large scale redundancies.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, Rapid Response Service support is delivered through Partnership Action for Continuing Employment (PACE) - there\u2019s more information on the Skills Development Scotland website.

    ", + "

    In Wales, the service is delivered by the ReAct scheme.

    ", + "

    Acas has an online redundancy helpline.

    ", + "

    How to get help

    ", + "

    To find out how your business can use the Rapid Response Service, email rrs.enquiries@dwp.gov.uk and include:

    ", + "
  • your contact details
    • ", + "
  • the town(s) your business is based in (including postcodes)
    • ", + "
  • the location(s) of the redundancies
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/solve-workplace-dispute": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/solve-workplace-dispute", + "title": "Solve a workplace dispute", + "content": "## Overview\n\nProblems with your employer usually fall into one of two categories:\n\n- grievances - when you raise your concerns, problems or complaints with your employer\n\n- disciplinaries - when your employer has concerns about your work, conduct or absence\n\nExplain your concern to your manager to see if you can sort out any problems informally. You may find it helpful to suggest what you would like them to do to solve your problem.\n\nYour employer should discuss any disciplinary issues with you informally first. These issues could lead to formal disciplinary action, including dismissal in more serious or repetitive cases.\n\n## Right to be accompanied\n\nYou have the right to be accompanied to grievance or disciplinary meetings (and any appeals) by either a:\n\n- colleague or trade union representative\n\n- family member or Citizens Advice Bureau worker if this allowed - check your employment contract, company handbook or human resources intranet site\n\n## Formal procedures\n\nYou can make a formal grievance complaint or face formal disciplinary action if you were not able to resolve your problem informally.\n\n## Grievances\n\nYou can make a formal grievance complaint if you\u2019ve tried solving a problem by talking to your manager but you\u2019re not satisfied.\n\nYour employer should put their grievance procedure in writing. You should be able to find this in your:\n\n- company handbook\n\n- human resources (HR) or personnel manual\n\n- HR intranet site\n\n- employment contract\n\nYour employer\u2019s grievance procedure should include these steps:\n\n- writing a letter to your employer setting out the details of your grievance\n\n- a meeting with your employer to discuss the issue\n\n- the ability to appeal your employer\u2019s decision\n\nRead the Acas guide on discipline and grievances at work for more information.\n\n## Disciplinary action\n\nYou might face disciplinary action if your employer has decided they have a serious issue with you or your work.\n\nYour employer should put their disciplinary procedure in writing and it should contain:\n\n- your employer\u2019s disciplinary procedure rules\n\n- what performance and behaviour might lead to disciplinary action\n\n- what action your employer might take and your right to appeal\n\nRead the Acas guide on discipline and grievances at work for more information.\n\n## Suspension from work\n\nIf you are facing discipline over a serious issue, your employer may be able to suspend you during the time leading up to a disciplinary meeting.\n\nCheck your employment contract, company handbook or HR intranet site to see if you\u2019re entitled to be paid when suspended.\n\n## Using the Acas Code of Practice\n\nThe result of your claim could be affected if either you or your employer do not follow the Acas Code of Practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures and you go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn this situation a tribunal can adjust the amount of compensation awarded by up to 25%.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal the result of a grievance or disciplinary procedure. Your appeal must be in writing.\n\n## Appeals procedure\n\nYour employer\u2019s grievance and disciplinary procedures will set out:\n\n- who you should submit your appeal to\n\n- the time limit within which an appeal must be made\n\n- any meetings that will be held\n\n- how the appeal meeting will be run\n\nYou have the right to be accompanied during any appeal meetings.\n\n## Mediation, conciliation and arbitration\n\nYou can get help from a third-party to solve disputes between you and your employer. The main ways you can do this are through:\n\n- mediation\n\n- conciliation\n\n- arbitration\n\n## Mediation\n\nMediation is when an independent and impartial third party discusses a problem with you and your employer (or between you and another employee) to try and find a solution. It\u2019s often used after informal discussions have not come up with a solution.\n\nMediation is voluntary and the mediator cannot force you or your employer to accept a solution. Both you and your employer must agree on the way to solve the dispute.\n\nMediation should not be used to solve problems that have to be formally investigated (for example, harassment or discrimination).\n\nYou can also find a mediation service.\n\nRead the Acas guide on mediation for more information.\n\n## Conciliation\n\nConciliation is similar to mediation but is normally used when:\n\n- you believe you may be entitled to make a claim to an employment tribunal\n\n- you have already made a claim to an employment tribunal\n\nConciliation is voluntary - both you and your employer must agree to it before it happens.\n\nAcas can offer a free service to help to settle a claim or potential claim.\n\nRead the Acas guide on conciliation for more information.\n\n## Arbitration\n\nArbitration is when a third-party makes a firm decision on a case after considering all the issues.\n\nYou and your employer must agree to an arbitrator\u2019s decision being legally binding. If you do not agree, you can still take a case to an employment tribunal.\n\nRead the Acas guide on arbitration for more information.\n\n## Tribunals\n\nIf you have been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you may have to go to an employment tribunal.\n\nAt the tribunal, you and your employer will present your cases, answer questions and the tribunal will make a decision.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nCall Acas, contact Citizen\u2019s Advice or speak to your trade union or staff representative for help and advice.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Problems with your employer usually fall into one of two categories:

    ", + "
  • grievances - when you raise your concerns, problems or complaints with your employer
    • ", + "
  • disciplinaries - when your employer has concerns about your work, conduct or absence
    • ", + "

    Explain your concern to your manager to see if you can sort out any problems informally. You may find it helpful to suggest what you would like them to do to solve your problem.

    ", + "

    Your employer should discuss any disciplinary issues with you informally first. These issues could lead to formal disciplinary action, including dismissal in more serious or repetitive cases.

    ", + "

    Right to be accompanied

    ", + "

    You have the right to be accompanied to grievance or disciplinary meetings (and any appeals) by either a:

    ", + "
  • colleague or trade union representative
    • ", + "
  • family member or Citizens Advice Bureau worker if this allowed - check your employment contract, company handbook or human resources intranet site
    • ", + "

    Formal procedures

    ", + "

    You can make a formal grievance complaint or face formal disciplinary action if you were not able to resolve your problem informally.

    ", + "

    Grievances

    ", + "

    You can make a formal grievance complaint if you\u2019ve tried solving a problem by talking to your manager but you\u2019re not satisfied.

    ", + "

    Your employer should put their grievance procedure in writing. You should be able to find this in your:

    ", + "
  • company handbook
    • ", + "
  • human resources (HR) or personnel manual
    • ", + "
  • HR intranet site
    • ", + "
  • employment contract
    • ", + "

    Your employer\u2019s grievance procedure should include these steps:

    ", + "
  • writing a letter to your employer setting out the details of your grievance
    • ", + "
  • a meeting with your employer to discuss the issue
    • ", + "
  • the ability to appeal your employer\u2019s decision
    • ", + "

    Read the Acas guide on discipline and grievances at work for more information.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary action

    ", + "

    You might face disciplinary action if your employer has decided they have a serious issue with you or your work.

    ", + "

    Your employer should put their disciplinary procedure in writing and it should contain:

    ", + "
  • your employer\u2019s disciplinary procedure rules
    • ", + "
  • what performance and behaviour might lead to disciplinary action
    • ", + "
  • what action your employer might take and your right to appeal
    • ", + "

    Read the Acas guide on discipline and grievances at work for more information.

    ", + "

    Suspension from work

    ", + "

    If you are facing discipline over a serious issue, your employer may be able to suspend you during the time leading up to a disciplinary meeting.

    ", + "

    Check your employment contract, company handbook or HR intranet site to see if you\u2019re entitled to be paid when suspended.

    ", + "

    Using the Acas Code of Practice

    ", + "

    The result of your claim could be affected if either you or your employer do not follow the Acas Code of Practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures and you go to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    In this situation a tribunal can adjust the amount of compensation awarded by up to 25%.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can appeal the result of a grievance or disciplinary procedure. Your appeal must be in writing.

    ", + "

    Appeals procedure

    ", + "

    Your employer\u2019s grievance and disciplinary procedures will set out:

    ", + "
  • who you should submit your appeal to
    • ", + "
  • the time limit within which an appeal must be made
    • ", + "
  • any meetings that will be held
    • ", + "
  • how the appeal meeting will be run
    • ", + "

    You have the right to be accompanied during any appeal meetings.

    ", + "

    Mediation, conciliation and arbitration

    ", + "

    You can get help from a third-party to solve disputes between you and your employer. The main ways you can do this are through:

    ", + "
  • mediation
    • ", + "
  • conciliation
    • ", + "
  • arbitration
    • ", + "

    Mediation

    ", + "

    Mediation is when an independent and impartial third party discusses a problem with you and your employer (or between you and another employee) to try and find a solution. It\u2019s often used after informal discussions have not come up with a solution.

    ", + "

    Mediation is voluntary and the mediator cannot force you or your employer to accept a solution. Both you and your employer must agree on the way to solve the dispute.

    ", + "

    Mediation should not be used to solve problems that have to be formally investigated (for example, harassment or discrimination).

    ", + "

    You can also find a mediation service.

    ", + "

    Read the Acas guide on mediation for more information.

    ", + "

    Conciliation

    ", + "

    Conciliation is similar to mediation but is normally used when:

    ", + "
  • you believe you may be entitled to make a claim to an employment tribunal
    • ", + "
  • you have already made a claim to an employment tribunal
    • ", + "

    Conciliation is voluntary - both you and your employer must agree to it before it happens.

    ", + "

    Acas can offer a free service to help to settle a claim or potential claim.

    ", + "

    Read the Acas guide on conciliation for more information.

    ", + "

    Arbitration

    ", + "

    Arbitration is when a third-party makes a firm decision on a case after considering all the issues.

    ", + "

    You and your employer must agree to an arbitrator\u2019s decision being legally binding. If you do not agree, you can still take a case to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    Read the Acas guide on arbitration for more information.

    ", + "

    Tribunals

    ", + "

    If you have been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you may have to go to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    At the tribunal, you and your employer will present your cases, answer questions and the tribunal will make a decision.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Call Acas, contact Citizen\u2019s Advice or speak to your trade union or staff representative for help and advice.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/taking-disciplinary-action": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-disciplinary-action", + "title": "Taking disciplinary action against an employee", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou should have written disciplinary rules and procedures to deal with employee performance and conduct and you must tell your staff about them.\n\nYour rules must say what is acceptable and unacceptable behaviour in the workplace and what action you will take if the rules are broken.\n\nThe rules should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures.\n\nNot following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.\n\n## Acas guide to discipline and grievances\n\nThe Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work gives more information for employers about taking disciplinary action.\n\n## Acas Helpline\n\nThe Acas Helpline has further advice on disciplinary issues.\n\n## Practical training courses\n\nAcas also runs practical training courses on workplace discipline.\n\n## Writing disciplinary proceedings\n\nYour disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.\n\nNot following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.\n\nThe exact rules will depend on your organisation, but could cover things like:\n\n- acceptable and unacceptable behaviour\n\n- absence and timekeeping\n\n- health and safety\n\n- use of phones and the internet\n\nYou cannot normally discipline or dismiss an employee for whistleblowing.\n\n## Gross misconduct\n\nYour disciplinary rules should give examples of what will be treated as gross misconduct. This is misconduct judged so serious that it\u2019s likely to lead to dismissal without notice, for example fraud, theft and physical violence.\n\n## Telling employees about disciplinary rules\n\nYour disciplinary rules must be in your statement of employment or clearly written elsewhere, such as in a staff handbook.\n\nThe rules should clearly say when someone might face disciplinary action and what that action could be.\n\nYou must also give the name of someone they should appeal to if they\u2019re unhappy about a disciplinary decision.\n\nIf you do not provide this information and an employee then wins an employment tribunal claim against you, they could be awarded 2 to 4 weeks\u2019 pay.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures and contracts\n\nIf you make your disciplinary procedures part of an employment contract then the employee could make a breach of contract claim against you if you do not follow your procedures.\n\n## Example letters and forms\n\nAcas has a number of sample letters and forms for disciplinary proceedings on its website.\n\n## Disciplinary investigations and hearings\n\nThe law does not say exactly how you should investigate disciplinary issues or hold disciplinary meetings.\n\nHowever, the Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work has lots of practical advice about running disciplinary proceedings professionally and fairly.\n\n## The suggested disciplinary process\n\nThe Acas guidance suggests that your disciplinary process should follow the following format:\n\n- A letter telling your employee the issue and inviting them to a disciplinary hearing.\n\n- A meeting with your employee to discuss the issue - they should have the right to be accompanied.\n\n- A letter to your employee saying what action you are going to take. This should be sent as soon as practically possible.\n\n- Your employee should than have a chance to appeal your decision.\n\n## Disciplinary decisions\n\nDisciplinary decisions could be anything that could resolve the problem.\n\nThis could include:\n\n- no action\n\n- written warning\n\n- final warning\n\n- demotion\n\n- dismissal\n\n- mediation with a co-worker\n\n## Appeals\n\nAn employee has the right to appeal against a decision made after a disciplinary hearing.\n\nYou should tell them about this when you give them written notice of your decision, and should give them a deadline to tell you they want to appeal.\n\nYour employee\u2019s statement of terms and conditions of employment must legally include the person they can apply to if they want to appeal a disciplinary decision. It must also explain how to do this.\n\nIf the employee does decide to appeal, you should try to hold the appeal hearing as soon as possible.\n\nYou should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures when dealing with appeals. Otherwise, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you their award could be higher.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You should have written disciplinary rules and procedures to deal with employee performance and conduct and you must tell your staff about them.

    ", + "

    Your rules must say what is acceptable and unacceptable behaviour in the workplace and what action you will take if the rules are broken.

    ", + "

    The rules should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures.

    ", + "

    Not following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.

    ", + "

    Acas guide to discipline and grievances

    ", + "

    The Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work gives more information for employers about taking disciplinary action.

    ", + "

    Acas Helpline

    ", + "

    The Acas Helpline has further advice on disciplinary issues.

    ", + "

    Practical training courses

    ", + "

    Acas also runs practical training courses on workplace discipline.

    ", + "

    Writing disciplinary proceedings

    ", + "

    Your disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.

    ", + "

    Not following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.

    ", + "

    The exact rules will depend on your organisation, but could cover things like:

    ", + "
  • acceptable and unacceptable behaviour
    • ", + "
  • absence and timekeeping
    • ", + "
  • health and safety
    • ", + "
  • use of phones and the internet
    • ", + "

    You cannot normally discipline or dismiss an employee for whistleblowing.

    ", + "

    Gross misconduct

    ", + "

    Your disciplinary rules should give examples of what will be treated as gross misconduct. This is misconduct judged so serious that it\u2019s likely to lead to dismissal without notice, for example fraud, theft and physical violence.

    ", + "

    Telling employees about disciplinary rules

    ", + "

    Your disciplinary rules must be in your statement of employment or clearly written elsewhere, such as in a staff handbook.

    ", + "

    The rules should clearly say when someone might face disciplinary action and what that action could be.

    ", + "

    You must also give the name of someone they should appeal to if they\u2019re unhappy about a disciplinary decision.

    ", + "

    If you do not provide this information and an employee then wins an employment tribunal claim against you, they could be awarded 2 to 4 weeks\u2019 pay.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary procedures and contracts

    ", + "

    If you make your disciplinary procedures part of an employment contract then the employee could make a breach of contract claim against you if you do not follow your procedures.

    ", + "

    Example letters and forms

    ", + "

    Acas has a number of sample letters and forms for disciplinary proceedings on its website.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary investigations and hearings

    ", + "

    The law does not say exactly how you should investigate disciplinary issues or hold disciplinary meetings.

    ", + "

    However, the Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work has lots of practical advice about running disciplinary proceedings professionally and fairly.

    ", + "

    The suggested disciplinary process

    ", + "

    The Acas guidance suggests that your disciplinary process should follow the following format:

    ", + "
  • A letter telling your employee the issue and inviting them to a disciplinary hearing.
    • ", + "
  • A meeting with your employee to discuss the issue - they should have the right to be accompanied.
    • ", + "
  • A letter to your employee saying what action you are going to take. This should be sent as soon as practically possible.
    • ", + "
  • Your employee should than have a chance to appeal your decision.
    • ", + "

    Disciplinary decisions

    ", + "

    Disciplinary decisions could be anything that could resolve the problem.

    ", + "

    This could include:

    ", + "
  • no action
    • ", + "
  • written warning
    • ", + "
  • final warning
    • ", + "
  • demotion
    • ", + "
  • dismissal
    • ", + "
  • mediation with a co-worker
    • ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    An employee has the right to appeal against a decision made after a disciplinary hearing.

    ", + "

    You should tell them about this when you give them written notice of your decision, and should give them a deadline to tell you they want to appeal.

    ", + "

    Your employee\u2019s statement of terms and conditions of employment must legally include the person they can apply to if they want to appeal a disciplinary decision. It must also explain how to do this.

    ", + "

    If the employee does decide to appeal, you should try to hold the appeal hearing as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    You should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures when dealing with appeals. Otherwise, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you their award could be higher.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/whistleblowing": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/whistleblowing", + "title": "Whistleblowing for employees", + "content": "## What is a whistleblower\n\nYou\u2019re a whistleblower if you\u2019re a worker and you report certain types of wrongdoing. This will usually be something you\u2019ve seen at work - though not always.\n\nThe wrongdoing you disclose must be in the public interest. This means it must affect others, for example the general public.\n\nAs a whistleblower you\u2019re protected by law - you should not be treated unfairly or lose your job because you \u2018blow the whistle\u2019.\n\nYou can raise your concern at any time about an incident that happened in the past, is happening now, or you believe will happen in the near future.\n\n## Who is protected by law\n\nYou\u2019re protected if you\u2019re a worker, for example you\u2019re:\n\n- an employee, such as a police officer, NHS employee, office worker, factory worker\n\n- a trainee, such as a student nurse\n\n- an agency worker\n\n- a member of a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)\n\nGet independent advice if you\u2019re not sure you\u2019re protected, for example from Citizens\u2019 Advice.\n\nA confidentiality clause or \u2018gagging clause\u2019 in a settlement agreement is not valid if you\u2019re a whistleblower.\n\n## Complaints that count as whistleblowing\n\nYou\u2019re protected by law if you report any of the following:\n\n- a criminal offence, for example fraud\n\n- someone\u2019s health and safety is in danger\n\n- risk or actual damage to the environment\n\n- a miscarriage of justice\n\n- the company is breaking the law, for example does not have the right insurance\n\n- you believe someone is covering up wrongdoing\n\n## Complaints that do not count as whistleblowing\n\nPersonal grievances (for example bullying, harassment, discrimination) are not covered by whistleblowing law, unless your particular case is in the public interest.\n\nReport these under your employer\u2019s grievance policy.\n\nContact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) for help and advice on resolving a workplace dispute.\n\n## Who to tell and what to expect\n\nYou can tell your employer - they may have a whistleblowing policy that tells you what to expect if you report your concern to them. You can still report your concern to them if they do not have a policy.\n\nThere are other options if you do not want to report your concern to your employer, for example you can get legal advice from a lawyer, or tell a prescribed person or body.\n\nIf you tell a prescribed person or body, it must be one that deals with the issue you\u2019re raising, for example a disclosure about wrongdoing in a care home can be made to the Care Quality Commission.\n\nThere\u2019s a different whistleblowing process in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Making your claim anonymously or confidentially\n\nYou can tell your employer or a prescribed person anonymously but they may not be able to take the claim further if you have not provided all the information they need.\n\nYou can give your name but request confidentiality - the person or body you tell should make every effort to protect your identity.\n\nIf you report your concern to the media, in most cases you\u2019ll lose your whistleblowing law rights.\n\n## What your employer or a prescribed person will do\n\nYour employer or the prescribed person will listen to your concern and decide if any action is needed. You may be asked for further information.\n\nYou must say straight away if you do not want anyone else to know it was you who raised the concern.\n\nYou will not have a say in how your concern is dealt with.\n\nYour employer or the prescribed person can keep you informed about the action they\u2019ve taken, but they cannot give you much detail if they have to keep the confidence of other people.\n\nA prescribed person cannot help you with your relationship with your employer.\n\n## If you\u2019re not satisfied with how your employer dealt with your concern\n\nTell someone else (for example a more senior member of staff) or a prescribed person or body if you believe your concern was not taken seriously or the wrongdoing is still going on.\n\nContact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas), the whistleblowing charity Protect or your trade union for more guidance.\n\n## If you\u2019re treated unfairly after whistleblowing\n\nYou can take a case to an employment tribunal if you\u2019ve been treated unfairly because you\u2019ve blown the whistle.\n\nYou can get further information from the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas), Citizens\u2019 Advice, the whistleblowing charity Protect or your trade union.\n\nIf you reported your concern anonymously, you may find it harder to argue that your unfair treatment was as a result of your whistleblowing.\n\nYou must raise any claim of unfair dismissal within 3 months of your employment ending.\n\nYou must notify Acas if you want to take your case to an employment tribunal.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What is a whistleblower

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a whistleblower if you\u2019re a worker and you report certain types of wrongdoing. This will usually be something you\u2019ve seen at work - though not always.

    ", + "

    The wrongdoing you disclose must be in the public interest. This means it must affect others, for example the general public.

    ", + "

    As a whistleblower you\u2019re protected by law - you should not be treated unfairly or lose your job because you \u2018blow the whistle\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can raise your concern at any time about an incident that happened in the past, is happening now, or you believe will happen in the near future.

    ", + "

    Who is protected by law

    ", + "

    You\u2019re protected if you\u2019re a worker, for example you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an employee, such as a police officer, NHS employee, office worker, factory worker
    • ", + "
  • a trainee, such as a student nurse
    • ", + "
  • an agency worker
    • ", + "
  • a member of a Limited Liability Partnership (LLP)
    • ", + "

    Get independent advice if you\u2019re not sure you\u2019re protected, for example from Citizens\u2019 Advice.

    ", + "

    A confidentiality clause or \u2018gagging clause\u2019 in a settlement agreement is not valid if you\u2019re a whistleblower.

    ", + "

    Complaints that count as whistleblowing

    ", + "

    You\u2019re protected by law if you report any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a criminal offence, for example fraud
    • ", + "
  • someone\u2019s health and safety is in danger
    • ", + "
  • risk or actual damage to the environment
    • ", + "
  • a miscarriage of justice
    • ", + "
  • the company is breaking the law, for example does not have the right insurance
    • ", + "
  • you believe someone is covering up wrongdoing
    • ", + "

    Complaints that do not count as whistleblowing

    ", + "

    Personal grievances (for example bullying, harassment, discrimination) are not covered by whistleblowing law, unless your particular case is in the public interest.

    ", + "

    Report these under your employer\u2019s grievance policy.

    ", + "

    Contact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) for help and advice on resolving a workplace dispute.

    ", + "

    Who to tell and what to expect

    ", + "

    You can tell your employer - they may have a whistleblowing policy that tells you what to expect if you report your concern to them. You can still report your concern to them if they do not have a policy.

    ", + "

    There are other options if you do not want to report your concern to your employer, for example you can get legal advice from a lawyer, or tell a prescribed person or body.

    ", + "

    If you tell a prescribed person or body, it must be one that deals with the issue you\u2019re raising, for example a disclosure about wrongdoing in a care home can be made to the Care Quality Commission.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different whistleblowing process in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Making your claim anonymously or confidentially

    ", + "

    You can tell your employer or a prescribed person anonymously but they may not be able to take the claim further if you have not provided all the information they need.

    ", + "

    You can give your name but request confidentiality - the person or body you tell should make every effort to protect your identity.

    ", + "

    If you report your concern to the media, in most cases you\u2019ll lose your whistleblowing law rights.

    ", + "

    What your employer or a prescribed person will do

    ", + "

    Your employer or the prescribed person will listen to your concern and decide if any action is needed. You may be asked for further information.

    ", + "

    You must say straight away if you do not want anyone else to know it was you who raised the concern.

    ", + "

    You will not have a say in how your concern is dealt with.

    ", + "

    Your employer or the prescribed person can keep you informed about the action they\u2019ve taken, but they cannot give you much detail if they have to keep the confidence of other people.

    ", + "

    A prescribed person cannot help you with your relationship with your employer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not satisfied with how your employer dealt with your concern

    ", + "

    Tell someone else (for example a more senior member of staff) or a prescribed person or body if you believe your concern was not taken seriously or the wrongdoing is still going on.

    ", + "

    Contact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas), the whistleblowing charity Protect or your trade union for more guidance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re treated unfairly after whistleblowing

    ", + "

    You can take a case to an employment tribunal if you\u2019ve been treated unfairly because you\u2019ve blown the whistle.

    ", + "

    You can get further information from the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas), Citizens\u2019 Advice, the whistleblowing charity Protect or your trade union.

    ", + "

    If you reported your concern anonymously, you may find it harder to argue that your unfair treatment was as a result of your whistleblowing.

    ", + "

    You must raise any claim of unfair dismissal within 3 months of your employment ending.

    ", + "

    You must notify Acas if you want to take your case to an employment tribunal.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-on-ships": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-on-ships", + "title": "Health and safety on ships", + "content": "## Overview\n\nOperators of seagoing ships or small commercial vessels must protect the health and safety of workers by:\n\n- following safety standards and codes of practice\n\n- ensuring the safety of machinery and equipment\n\n- making sure the vessel is safely manned and all workers have the necessary qualifications\n\n- having the right emergency procedures and equipment\n\n- providing health protection and medical care\n\n- doing regular risk assessments\n\n- supplying necessary protective clothing and equipment\n\n- monitoring maritime safety information broadcasts\n\n- consulting with workers or their representatives on health and safety matters\n\n## Providing health and safety training\n\nWorkers must get basic health and safety training. There\u2019s more information on what this covers on the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) website.\n\n## Written health and safety policy\n\nThe ship must must have a policy that sets out how health and safety will be managed. Read guidance on writing a health and safety policy.\n\n## Risk assessments\n\nRegular risk assessments must be carried out to see how accidents, injuries or illnesses could be caused on the ship and what can be done to reduce the chances of them happening.\n\nRisk assessments must be reviewed every year and whenever there are significant changes to either the ship or working activities.\n\nRead chapter 1 of the \u2018Code of safe working practices for merchant seafarers 2018\u2019 for the basic requirements for risk assessments on board ships.\n\nRead the \u2018Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Health and Safety at Work) Regulations 1997\u2019 for the requirements for risk assessments on merchant ships.\n\n## Safe working practices\n\n## Code of safe working practices\n\nBy law, up-to-date copies of the \u2018Code of safe working practices for merchant seamen\u2019 must be carried on a UK ship that\u2019s not a fishing boat or pleasure craft.\n\nA copy of the code must be available to any seaman who requests it.\n\nThe \u2018Code of safe working practices for merchant seamen (Consolidated edition 2011)\u2019 is available to buy from The Stationery Office.\n\nRead the \u2018Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Health and Safety at Work) Regulations 1997\u2019 for safety standards and requirements for merchant ships.\n\n## Safety signs\n\nCertain health and safety signs must be displayed on ships, such as emergency escape signs or danger warning signs. Signs must meet legal requirements if they\u2019re permanently displayed.\n\nRead the \u2018Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 2001\u2019 to find out how and where safety signs and signals must be displayed.\n\n## \u2018Permit to work\u2019\n\nThe \u2018permit to work\u2019 system reduces the risk of accidents on board ship. Under this system, seafarers must get written permission from a senior officer before they can perform hazardous tasks, like:\n\n- working aloft and outboard\n\n- working with boilers\n\n- \u2018hot work\u2019 (work which could result in the ignition of flammable material, for example welding)\n\n- working in unmanned machinery spaces\n\n- entry into enclosed spaces\n\n- electrical testing\n\nRead about using \u2018permit to work\u2019 schemes to test electrical systems.\n\nRead \u2018Safety Preparations Prior to Machinery Maintenance\u2019 to find out how to prepare for doing maintenance on machinery on ships.\n\n## \u2018Permit to work\u2019 templates\n\n## Protective equipment\n\nWorkers must be given suitable protective equipment if performing dangerous tasks.\n\nYou should only use protective equipment when risks cannot be avoided or reduced to an acceptable level by safe working practices. This equipment should:\n\n- meet the required standards\n\n- be a correct fit for the worker or adjustable\n\n- be compatible with any other equipment the worker has to use\n\n- be easily accessible, properly stored and maintained\n\n- be provided free of charge (unless it\u2019s also used outside the workplace)\n\nRead the \u2018Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels Personal Protective Equipment Regulations\u2019 to find out about personal protective equipment.\n\n## Noise and vibration\n\nRisk assessments must be carried out to identify who is at risk from noise or vibration on a ship and what can be done to reduce or remove these risks.\n\nWorkers must be told about:\n\n- the nature of noise or vibration risks\n\n- how to eliminate or reduce the risks from noise or vibration\n\n- the correct use of any protective equipment\n\n- how to detect and report signs of injury\n\nThe Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) provides information on controlling the risks of noise and vibration at sea.\n\nRead the:\n\n- code of practice for controlling risks due to noise and vibration on ships\n\n- guidance on mitigating against the effects of shocks and impacts on small vessels\n\nYou may be able to get an exemption from the noise and vibration requirements.\n\nFind out how to apply for an exemption from the:\n\n- control of vibration at work regulations\n\n- control of noise at work regulations\n\n## Small commercial vessels\n\nSmall commercial vessels must have safety measures in place for workers, such as:\n\n- bulwarks, guardrails or wire around the working deck to stop people falling overboard\n\n- safety harnesses for anyone working on deck\n\n- a means of securing the lifelines of safety harnesses\n\n- non-slip deck surfaces\n\nSmaller commercial vessels (under 24 metres) must comply with the \u2018Small commercial vessels codes\u2019 to ensure the health and safety of workers on board.\n\n## Seagoing passenger vessels\n\n## Domestic passenger ships\n\nSeagoing domestic passenger ships, for example ferries, must meet minimum safety requirements regarding:\n\n- general safety management policies\n\n- manning levels\n\n- proper and stable construction\n\n- carriage of safety equipment\n\n- pollution prevention\n\nA passenger ship is a ship of any description that carries more than 12 passengers. There are various safety standards for seagoing passenger ships. Local Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Marine Offices have more information on these standards.\n\n## International passenger ships\n\nPassenger ships which operate internationally must follow international conventions, such as the:\n\n- International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea\n\n- International Convention on Load Lines\n\n- International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships\n\nLocal MCA Marine Offices have information on which safety standards apply.\n\n## Safety on vessels on inland waters\n\nPassenger vessels operating on inland waters - like estuaries, lakes and rivers and canals - must follow safety standards and requirements.\n\nInland waters or inland waterways are known legally as \u2018categorised waters\u2019. These waters are defined and listed in Merchant Shipping Notice (MSN) 1827 (as amended) Categorisation of Waters.\n\nA passenger ship is a vessel that carries more than 12 passengers.\n\nThe rules for passenger ships built since April 2010, and operating in UK categorised waters are in \u2018Merchant Shipping Notice 1823 (M) - Safety Code for Passenger Ships Operating Solely in UK Categorised Waters\u2019.\n\nThe rules for older passenger ships are covered by several different sets of regulations. Contact the local Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Marine Office for details.\n\n## Vessels that carry no more than 12 passengers\n\nSafety standards and best practice guidance for these vessels are set out in the Inland Waters Small Passenger Boat Code.\n\n## Marine engineering\n\nMarine engineering involves the design, construction, installation, and operation of systems and equipment that help to move and control ships. Safety measures must be in place for any crew members using or maintaining marine engineering equipment, such as:\n\n- switchboards and computerised equipment\n\n- machinery installations\n\n- boilers and emergency equipment\n\nThe Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) provides information on the safe installation and use of marine engineering.\n\n## Fire prevention\n\nThe Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) provides information on requirements for fire protection, fire detection and fire extinction on board ships.\n\nThe rules depend on the size of the ship.\n\nRequirements for large ships are in the Merchant Shipping (Fire Protection: Large Ships) Regulations 1998.\n\nRequirements for small ships are in the Merchant Shipping (Fire Protection: Small Ships) Regulations 1998.\n\nYou should also read the Merchant Shipping (Fire Protection) Regulations 2003 \u2013 it includes amendments to the regulations for large and small ships.\n\nContact the MCA to find out more about fire prevention and detection at sea.\n\n## Safety in ports\n\nHealth and safety measures must be in place to ensure the safety of workers while in a port.\n\nThere is a range of publications and guidance on health and safety in ports on the Health and Safety Executive website.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Operators of seagoing ships or small commercial vessels must protect the health and safety of workers by:

    ", + "
  • following safety standards and codes of practice
    • ", + "
  • ensuring the safety of machinery and equipment
    • ", + "
  • making sure the vessel is safely manned and all workers have the necessary qualifications
    • ", + "
  • having the right emergency procedures and equipment
    • ", + "
  • providing health protection and medical care
    • ", + "
  • doing regular risk assessments
    • ", + "
  • supplying necessary protective clothing and equipment
    • ", + "
  • monitoring maritime safety information broadcasts
    • ", + "
  • consulting with workers or their representatives on health and safety matters
    • ", + "

    Providing health and safety training

    ", + "

    Workers must get basic health and safety training. There\u2019s more information on what this covers on the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) website.

    ", + "

    Written health and safety policy

    ", + "

    The ship must must have a policy that sets out how health and safety will be managed. Read guidance on writing a health and safety policy.

    ", + "

    Risk assessments

    ", + "

    Regular risk assessments must be carried out to see how accidents, injuries or illnesses could be caused on the ship and what can be done to reduce the chances of them happening.

    ", + "

    Risk assessments must be reviewed every year and whenever there are significant changes to either the ship or working activities.

    ", + "

    Read chapter 1 of the \u2018Code of safe working practices for merchant seafarers 2018\u2019 for the basic requirements for risk assessments on board ships.

    ", + "

    Read the \u2018Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Health and Safety at Work) Regulations 1997\u2019 for the requirements for risk assessments on merchant ships.

    ", + "

    Safe working practices

    ", + "

    Code of safe working practices

    ", + "

    By law, up-to-date copies of the \u2018Code of safe working practices for merchant seamen\u2019 must be carried on a UK ship that\u2019s not a fishing boat or pleasure craft.

    ", + "

    A copy of the code must be available to any seaman who requests it.

    ", + "

    The \u2018Code of safe working practices for merchant seamen (Consolidated edition 2011)\u2019 is available to buy from The Stationery Office.

    ", + "

    Read the \u2018Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Health and Safety at Work) Regulations 1997\u2019 for safety standards and requirements for merchant ships.

    ", + "

    Safety signs

    ", + "

    Certain health and safety signs must be displayed on ships, such as emergency escape signs or danger warning signs. Signs must meet legal requirements if they\u2019re permanently displayed.

    ", + "

    Read the \u2018Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels (Safety Signs and Signals) Regulations 2001\u2019 to find out how and where safety signs and signals must be displayed.

    ", + "

    \u2018Permit to work\u2019

    ", + "

    The \u2018permit to work\u2019 system reduces the risk of accidents on board ship. Under this system, seafarers must get written permission from a senior officer before they can perform hazardous tasks, like:

    ", + "
  • working aloft and outboard
    • ", + "
  • working with boilers
    • ", + "
  • \u2018hot work\u2019 (work which could result in the ignition of flammable material, for example welding)
    • ", + "
  • working in unmanned machinery spaces
    • ", + "
  • entry into enclosed spaces
    • ", + "
  • electrical testing
    • ", + "

    Read about using \u2018permit to work\u2019 schemes to test electrical systems.

    ", + "

    Read \u2018Safety Preparations Prior to Machinery Maintenance\u2019 to find out how to prepare for doing maintenance on machinery on ships.

    ", + "

    \u2018Permit to work\u2019 templates

    ", + "

    Protective equipment

    ", + "

    Workers must be given suitable protective equipment if performing dangerous tasks.

    ", + "

    You should only use protective equipment when risks cannot be avoided or reduced to an acceptable level by safe working practices. This equipment should:

    ", + "
  • meet the required standards
    • ", + "
  • be a correct fit for the worker or adjustable
    • ", + "
  • be compatible with any other equipment the worker has to use
    • ", + "
  • be easily accessible, properly stored and maintained
    • ", + "
  • be provided free of charge (unless it\u2019s also used outside the workplace)
    • ", + "

    Read the \u2018Merchant Shipping and Fishing Vessels Personal Protective Equipment Regulations\u2019 to find out about personal protective equipment.

    ", + "

    Noise and vibration

    ", + "

    Risk assessments must be carried out to identify who is at risk from noise or vibration on a ship and what can be done to reduce or remove these risks.

    ", + "

    Workers must be told about:

    ", + "
  • the nature of noise or vibration risks
    • ", + "
  • how to eliminate or reduce the risks from noise or vibration
    • ", + "
  • the correct use of any protective equipment
    • ", + "
  • how to detect and report signs of injury
    • ", + "

    The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) provides information on controlling the risks of noise and vibration at sea.

    ", + "

    Read the:

    ", + "
  • code of practice for controlling risks due to noise and vibration on ships
    • ", + "
  • guidance on mitigating against the effects of shocks and impacts on small vessels
    • ", + "

    You may be able to get an exemption from the noise and vibration requirements.

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for an exemption from the:

    ", + "
  • control of vibration at work regulations
    • ", + "
  • control of noise at work regulations
    • ", + "

    Small commercial vessels

    ", + "

    Small commercial vessels must have safety measures in place for workers, such as:

    ", + "
  • bulwarks, guardrails or wire around the working deck to stop people falling overboard
    • ", + "
  • safety harnesses for anyone working on deck
    • ", + "
  • a means of securing the lifelines of safety harnesses
    • ", + "
  • non-slip deck surfaces
    • ", + "

    Smaller commercial vessels (under 24 metres) must comply with the \u2018Small commercial vessels codes\u2019 to ensure the health and safety of workers on board.

    ", + "

    Seagoing passenger vessels

    ", + "

    Domestic passenger ships

    ", + "

    Seagoing domestic passenger ships, for example ferries, must meet minimum safety requirements regarding:

    ", + "
  • general safety management policies
    • ", + "
  • manning levels
    • ", + "
  • proper and stable construction
    • ", + "
  • carriage of safety equipment
    • ", + "
  • pollution prevention
    • ", + "

    A passenger ship is a ship of any description that carries more than 12 passengers. There are various safety standards for seagoing passenger ships. Local Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Marine Offices have more information on these standards.

    ", + "

    International passenger ships

    ", + "

    Passenger ships which operate internationally must follow international conventions, such as the:

    ", + "
  • International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
    • ", + "
  • International Convention on Load Lines
    • ", + "
  • International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
    • ", + "

    Local MCA Marine Offices have information on which safety standards apply.

    ", + "

    Safety on vessels on inland waters

    ", + "

    Passenger vessels operating on inland waters - like estuaries, lakes and rivers and canals - must follow safety standards and requirements.

    ", + "

    Inland waters or inland waterways are known legally as \u2018categorised waters\u2019. These waters are defined and listed in Merchant Shipping Notice (MSN) 1827 (as amended) Categorisation of Waters.

    ", + "

    A passenger ship is a vessel that carries more than 12 passengers.

    ", + "

    The rules for passenger ships built since April 2010, and operating in UK categorised waters are in \u2018Merchant Shipping Notice 1823 (M) - Safety Code for Passenger Ships Operating Solely in UK Categorised Waters\u2019.

    ", + "

    The rules for older passenger ships are covered by several different sets of regulations. Contact the local Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Marine Office for details.

    ", + "

    Vessels that carry no more than 12 passengers

    ", + "

    Safety standards and best practice guidance for these vessels are set out in the Inland Waters Small Passenger Boat Code.

    ", + "

    Marine engineering

    ", + "

    Marine engineering involves the design, construction, installation, and operation of systems and equipment that help to move and control ships. Safety measures must be in place for any crew members using or maintaining marine engineering equipment, such as:

    ", + "
  • switchboards and computerised equipment
    • ", + "
  • machinery installations
    • ", + "
  • boilers and emergency equipment
    • ", + "

    The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) provides information on the safe installation and use of marine engineering.

    ", + "

    Fire prevention

    ", + "

    The Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) provides information on requirements for fire protection, fire detection and fire extinction on board ships.

    ", + "

    The rules depend on the size of the ship.

    ", + "

    Requirements for large ships are in the Merchant Shipping (Fire Protection: Large Ships) Regulations 1998.

    ", + "

    Requirements for small ships are in the Merchant Shipping (Fire Protection: Small Ships) Regulations 1998.

    ", + "

    You should also read the Merchant Shipping (Fire Protection) Regulations 2003 \u2013 it includes amendments to the regulations for large and small ships.

    ", + "

    Contact the MCA to find out more about fire prevention and detection at sea.

    ", + "

    Safety in ports

    ", + "

    Health and safety measures must be in place to ensure the safety of workers while in a port.

    ", + "

    There is a range of publications and guidance on health and safety in ports on the Health and Safety Executive website.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance", + "title": "Employment Allowance", + "content": "## What you'll get\n\nEmployment Allowance allows eligible employers to reduce their annual National Insurance liability by up to \u00a34,000.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay less employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance each time you run your payroll until the \u00a34,000 has gone or the tax year ends (whichever is sooner).\n\nYou can only claim against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability up to a maximum of \u00a34,000 each tax year. You can still claim the allowance if your liability was less than \u00a34,000 a year.\n\n## Check if you're eligible\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance if you\u2019re a business or charity (including community amateur sports clubs) and your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities were less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year.\n\nYou can also claim if you employ a care or support worker.\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year. Some of the rules for claiming are different.\n\n## If you\u2019re part of a group\n\nIf you\u2019re part of a group of charities or companies (also known as connected companies), the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for the group must be less than \u00a3100,000.\n\nOnly one company in the group can claim the allowance.\n\n## If you have more than one payroll\n\nIf you have or had more than one employer PAYE reference, the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for your combined payrolls must be less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year\n\nYou can only claim Employment Allowance against one of the payrolls.\n\n## Off-payroll salary payments\n\nDo not include employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities on payments you make to off-payroll workers in your calculations. These are known as deemed payments. They do not count towards the \u00a3100,000 threshold.\n\n## Check if de minimis state aid rules apply to you\n\nIf you make or sell goods or services, Employment Allowance counts as \u2018de minimis state aid\u2019. There\u2019s a limit to how much de minimis state aid you can get.\n\nYou must:\n\n- check that you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold\n\n- work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received\n\nYou must do this even if you do not make a profit.\n\nYou do not have to do this if you do not make or sell goods or services, for example you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.\n\n## Check you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold\n\nEmployment Allowance counts towards the total de minimis state aid you\u2019re allowed to get over a 3 year period.\n\nYou must make sure you will not exceed the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.\n\nDe minimis state aid and the relevant thresholds are worked out in euros.\n\n| Sector | De minimis state aid threshold over 3 years |\n\n| Agriculture products sector | \u20ac20,000 |\n\n| Fisheries and aquaculture sector | \u20ac30,000 |\n\n| Road freight transport sector | \u20ac100,000 |\n\n| Industrial sector\u202f\u202f/ other | \u20ac200,000 |\n\n## Work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received\n\n- Check if you\u2019ve received any de minimis state aid - if so, you should have been told in writing.\n\n- Add the total amount of de minimis state aid that you\u2019ve received or been allocated for the current and past 2 tax years.\n\n- Add this to the full amount of Employment Allowance for the year you\u2019re claiming for. You\u2019ll need to convert this into euros using the exchange rate for the end of the previous tax year. If you\u2019re claiming for 2020 to 2021, you\u2019ll need to use the exchange rate on 30 March 2020: \u00a31 to \u20ac1.1249.\n\n- If the total is below the threshold for your sector, you\u2019re eligible to make a claim.\n\nIf you\u2019re a connected company, the total de minimis state aid for all of the companies in the group must be below the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.\n\nThe rules are different if your business covers more than one sector.\n\n## Who cannot claim Employment Allowance\n\nYou cannot claim if you\u2019re a public body or business doing more than half your work in the public sector (such as local councils and NHS services) - unless you\u2019re a charity.\n\nYou also cannot claim if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a company with only one employee paid above the Class 1 National Insurance secondary threshold\n\n- the employee is also a director of the company\n\nCertain employees cannot be included in your claim, such as:\n\n- someone whose earnings are within IR35 \u2018off-payroll working rules\u2019\n\n- someone you employ for personal, household or domestic work (like a nanny or gardener) - unless they\u2019re a care or support worker\n\n## How to claim\n\nHow you claim depends on whether you use your own payroll software or HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE tools.\n\n## If you use your own software\n\nTo claim through your payroll software, put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field next time you send an Employment Payment Summary (EPS) to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nIf your payroll software does not have an Employment Payment Summary field, you can use Basic PAYE Tools.\n\n## Select your business sector under \u2018de minimis state aid rules\u2019\n\nYou must select the business sectors that apply to you, even if you do not make a profit.\n\nMost businesses will need to select the \u2018Industrial/other\u2019 category, for example a hair salon or restaurant.\n\nIf you do not make or sell goods or services, choose \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019. For example if you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.\n\n## If you use HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools\n\n- Select the correct name in the \u2018Employer\u2019 menu on the home page.\n\n- Select \u2018Change employer details\u2019.\n\n- Select \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field.\n\n- Answer \u2018Yes\u2019 to the \u2018Do state aid rules apply?\u2019 question if you sell goods or services. Select the business sectors that apply to you. Otherwise, answer \u2018No\u2019 and select \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019.\n\n- Send your EPS as normal.\n\n## Stopping your claim\n\nIf you stop being eligible, select \u2018No\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field in your next EPS.\n\nDo not select \u2018No\u2019 just because:\n\n- you\u2019ve reached the \u00a34,000 limit before the end of the tax year - this does not make you ineligible\n\n- you\u2019re no longer employing anyone - this allowance will stop at the end of the tax year\n\nIf you stop your claim before the end of the tax year (5 April), any allowance you\u2019ve been given that year will be removed. You\u2019ll have to pay any employers\u2019 (secondary) Class 1 National Insurance due as a result.\n\n## When to claim\n\nYou need to claim Employment Allowance every tax year.\n\nYou can claim at any time in the tax year, but the earlier you claim the sooner you will get the allowance.\n\nIf you claim late and do not use your Employment Allowance against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities, you\u2019ll have to ask HMRC to do one of the following:\n\n- use any unclaimed allowance at the end of the year to pay any tax or National Insurance you owe (including VAT and Corporation Tax if you do not owe anything on your PAYE bill)\n\n- give you a refund after the end of the tax year if you do not owe anything\n\nYou can see how much Employment Allowance you\u2019ve used in your HMRC online account.\n\n## Claiming for past years\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years, dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year.\n\nTo claim for past years, it does not matter how much your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability was or how much de minimis state aid you received.\n\nThe thresholds for employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance and de minimis state aid do not apply.\n\nEmployment allowance was \u00a33,000 each year between April 2016 and April 2020.\n\n## Further information\n\nRead \u2018Claiming Employment Allowance: further employer guidance\u2019 for more information.\n\n## After you've made a claim\n\nYou can begin using your Employment Allowance as soon you submit your claim.\n\nHMRC will not send you a confirmation letter for your Employment Allowance.\n\nIf your claim is rejected, you will receive an automated message from HMRC within 5 working days.\n\nYou may need to tell HMRC if last year\u2019s employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities included deemed payments, taking you over the \u00a3100,000 threshold.\n\n## When your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid\n\nIf you have selected a business sector in your claim, HMRC will send a letter stating that your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid.\n\nYou must keep this letter as you may need it if you apply for other de minimis state aid.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Employment Allowance allows eligible employers to reduce their annual National Insurance liability by up to \u00a34,000.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay less employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance each time you run your payroll until the \u00a34,000 has gone or the tax year ends (whichever is sooner).

    ", + "

    You can only claim against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability up to a maximum of \u00a34,000 each tax year. You can still claim the allowance if your liability was less than \u00a34,000 a year.

    ", + "

    Check if you're eligible

    ", + "

    You can claim Employment Allowance if you\u2019re a business or charity (including community amateur sports clubs) and your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities were less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year.

    ", + "

    You can also claim if you employ a care or support worker.

    ", + "

    You can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year. Some of the rules for claiming are different.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re part of a group

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re part of a group of charities or companies (also known as connected companies), the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for the group must be less than \u00a3100,000.

    ", + "

    Only one company in the group can claim the allowance.

    ", + "

    If you have more than one payroll

    ", + "

    If you have or had more than one employer PAYE reference, the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for your combined payrolls must be less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year

    ", + "

    You can only claim Employment Allowance against one of the payrolls.

    ", + "

    Off-payroll salary payments

    ", + "

    Do not include employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities on payments you make to off-payroll workers in your calculations. These are known as deemed payments. They do not count towards the \u00a3100,000 threshold.

    ", + "

    Check if de minimis state aid rules apply to you

    ", + "

    If you make or sell goods or services, Employment Allowance counts as \u2018de minimis state aid\u2019. There\u2019s a limit to how much de minimis state aid you can get.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • check that you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold
    • ", + "
  • work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received
    • ", + "

    You must do this even if you do not make a profit.

    ", + "

    You do not have to do this if you do not make or sell goods or services, for example you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold

    ", + "

    Employment Allowance counts towards the total de minimis state aid you\u2019re allowed to get over a 3 year period.

    ", + "

    You must make sure you will not exceed the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.

    ", + "

    De minimis state aid and the relevant thresholds are worked out in euros.

    ", + "Sector | De minimis state aid threshold over 3 years", + "Agriculture products sector | \u20ac20,000", + "Fisheries and aquaculture sector | \u20ac30,000", + "Road freight transport sector | \u20ac100,000", + "Industrial sector\u202f\u202f/ other | \u20ac200,000", + "

    Work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received

    ", + "
  • Check if you\u2019ve received any de minimis state aid - if so, you should have been told in writing.
    • ", + "
  • Add the total amount of de minimis state aid that you\u2019ve received or been allocated for the current and past 2 tax years.
    • ", + "
  • Add this to the full amount of Employment Allowance for the year you\u2019re claiming for. You\u2019ll need to convert this into euros using the exchange rate for the end of the previous tax year. If you\u2019re claiming for 2020 to 2021, you\u2019ll need to use the exchange rate on 30 March 2020: \u00a31 to \u20ac1.1249.
    • ", + "
  • If the total is below the threshold for your sector, you\u2019re eligible to make a claim.
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a connected company, the total de minimis state aid for all of the companies in the group must be below the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if your business covers more than one sector.

    ", + "

    Who cannot claim Employment Allowance

    ", + "

    You cannot claim if you\u2019re a public body or business doing more than half your work in the public sector (such as local councils and NHS services) - unless you\u2019re a charity.

    ", + "

    You also cannot claim if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a company with only one employee paid above the Class 1 National Insurance secondary threshold
    • ", + "
  • the employee is also a director of the company
    • ", + "

    Certain employees cannot be included in your claim, such as:

    ", + "
  • someone whose earnings are within IR35 \u2018off-payroll working rules\u2019
    • ", + "
  • someone you employ for personal, household or domestic work (like a nanny or gardener) - unless they\u2019re a care or support worker
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    How you claim depends on whether you use your own payroll software or HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE tools.

    ", + "

    If you use your own software

    ", + "

    To claim through your payroll software, put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field next time you send an Employment Payment Summary (EPS) to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    If your payroll software does not have an Employment Payment Summary field, you can use Basic PAYE Tools.

    ", + "

    Select your business sector under \u2018de minimis state aid rules\u2019

    ", + "

    You must select the business sectors that apply to you, even if you do not make a profit.

    ", + "

    Most businesses will need to select the \u2018Industrial/other\u2019 category, for example a hair salon or restaurant.

    ", + "

    If you do not make or sell goods or services, choose \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019. For example if you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.

    ", + "

    If you use HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools

    ", + "
  • Select the correct name in the \u2018Employer\u2019 menu on the home page.
    • ", + "
  • Select \u2018Change employer details\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Select \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field.
    • ", + "
  • Answer \u2018Yes\u2019 to the \u2018Do state aid rules apply?\u2019 question if you sell goods or services. Select the business sectors that apply to you. Otherwise, answer \u2018No\u2019 and select \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Send your EPS as normal.
    • ", + "

    Stopping your claim

    ", + "

    If you stop being eligible, select \u2018No\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field in your next EPS.

    ", + "

    Do not select \u2018No\u2019 just because:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve reached the \u00a34,000 limit before the end of the tax year - this does not make you ineligible
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re no longer employing anyone - this allowance will stop at the end of the tax year
    • ", + "

    If you stop your claim before the end of the tax year (5 April), any allowance you\u2019ve been given that year will be removed. You\u2019ll have to pay any employers\u2019 (secondary) Class 1 National Insurance due as a result.

    ", + "

    When to claim

    ", + "

    You need to claim Employment Allowance every tax year.

    ", + "

    You can claim at any time in the tax year, but the earlier you claim the sooner you will get the allowance.

    ", + "

    If you claim late and do not use your Employment Allowance against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities, you\u2019ll have to ask HMRC to do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • use any unclaimed allowance at the end of the year to pay any tax or National Insurance you owe (including VAT and Corporation Tax if you do not owe anything on your PAYE bill)
    • ", + "
  • give you a refund after the end of the tax year if you do not owe anything
    • ", + "

    You can see how much Employment Allowance you\u2019ve used in your HMRC online account.

    ", + "

    Claiming for past years

    ", + "

    You can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years, dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year.

    ", + "

    To claim for past years, it does not matter how much your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability was or how much de minimis state aid you received.

    ", + "

    The thresholds for employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance and de minimis state aid do not apply.

    ", + "

    Employment allowance was \u00a33,000 each year between April 2016 and April 2020.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Read \u2018Claiming Employment Allowance: further employer guidance\u2019 for more information.

    ", + "

    After you've made a claim

    ", + "

    You can begin using your Employment Allowance as soon you submit your claim.

    ", + "

    HMRC will not send you a confirmation letter for your Employment Allowance.

    ", + "

    If your claim is rejected, you will receive an automated message from HMRC within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You may need to tell HMRC if last year\u2019s employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities included deemed payments, taking you over the \u00a3100,000 threshold.

    ", + "

    When your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid

    ", + "

    If you have selected a business sector in your claim, HMRC will send a letter stating that your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid.

    ", + "

    You must keep this letter as you may need it if you apply for other de minimis state aid.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-software": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-software", + "title": "Find payroll software", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you decide to run payroll yourself, you need payroll software to report to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). The software will help you with tasks like:\n\n- recording your employees\u2019 details\n\n- working out your employees\u2019 pay and deductions\n\n- reporting payroll information to HMRC\n\n- working out how much you need to pay HMRC\n\n- calculating statutory pay, for example maternity or sick pay\n\n## HMRC-recognised software\n\nHMRC tests payroll software to check it can report PAYE information online and in real time (RTI).\n\nYou can choose from free payroll software (if you have fewer than 10 employees) and paid-for software that has been tested and recognised by HMRC.\n\nYou should consider which features you need. For example, some software will not let you:\n\n- produce payslips\n\n- record pension deductions\n\n- make pension payments\n\n- pay different people over different periods (for example both weekly and monthly)\n\n- send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) report or Earlier Year Update (EYU) to HMRC\n\nHMRC cannot recommend one software product or service over another and is not responsible for any problems you have with software that you\u2019ve bought.\n\n## Free software\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has tested and recognised this free payroll software for businesses with fewer than 10 employees.\n\nYou should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features.\n\n| Supplier | Product(s) |\n\n| 1 2 Cloud Payroll | Free Cloud Payroll, Free Cloud Bureau Payroll |\n\n| 12Pay | Express |\n\n| Accentra Technologies | Primo Payroll with Auto Enrolment (up to 10 employees) |\n\n| Capium | Capium Payroll (up to 3 employees) |\n\n| EnrolPay | Small Payroll |\n\n| Hartigan Software Design | RTI Lite |\n\n| HMRC | Basic PAYE Tools |\n\n| IRIS Software | IRIS Payroll Basics |\n\n| Kashflow | Kashflow Payroll |\n\n| Shape Payroll | Shape Payroll (up to 3 employees) |\n\n| Stansoft | Stansoft Linux |\n\n## Paid-for software\n\nThe following suppliers produce payroll software that has been tested and recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features.\n\n| Supplier | Product(s) | |\n\n| 1 2 Cloud Payroll | Cloud Payroll with Mobile App | |\n\n| 12efile | RTI E-FILING Specialist, Professional P11D | |\n\n| 12Pay | 12Pay Payroll - Premium, Bureau, Enterprise | |\n\n| Able Internet Payroll Ltd | Payroll Bureau, Payroll CIS Professional, Payroll Elite, Payroll Employees, Payroll IBM DB, Payroll Multi-Site, Payroll star DB, Payroll CIS Professional | |\n\n| Accentra Technologies | Accentra Payroll (Desktop), Primo Payroll (Cloud), Solus Online Payroll | |\n\n| Access Group | Access Payroll | |\n\n| Accu-Man | Accu-Man Payroll, Accu-Man Daily Harvest Casuals | |\n\n| Advanced | OpenPeople | |\n\n| Advo Group | Advo Payroll | |\n\n| Ajaccts Software | Ajaccts | |\n\n| Algorithms Software | Xpedeon | |\n\n| Allocate Software | 247 Time | |\n\n| Altus Ltd | Altus Pension Reporting Gateway (APG) | |\n\n| Andica | Andica Payroll, Andica P11D | |\n\n| Automatic Data Processing | ADP freedom, ADP iHCM, ADP iHCM2 | |\n\n| AW-Apps Ltd | AW-Apps Payroll | |\n\n| Beauchamp Computer Services | Tripay | |\n\n| BDO | P11D Enterprise | |\n\n| Brain Payroll Ltd | Brain Payroll | |\n\n| BrightPay | BrightPay | |\n\n| Capita Employee Benefits | HartLink, PensionsOfficeII | |\n\n| Capium | Capium P11D, Capium Payroll | |\n\n| Cascade Human Resources | Iris Cascade Payroll, Iris Cascade Payroll web | |\n\n| Catalyst Computer Systems Ltd | Platinum Software | |\n\n| Ceridian Europe | Dayforce | |\n\n| CGI HR Solutions | ePayfact | |\n\n| Cintra HR and Payroll Services | Cintra IQ | |\n\n| CIPHR | CIPHR Payroll | |\n\n| Civica | Civica HR & Payroll | |\n\n| Clear Books | Clear Books Payroll | |\n\n| Commander Software Limited | Apollo Payroll | |\n\n| Commercial Software Limited | CS P11D | |\n\n| Compact Software Ltd | WinPay | |\n\n| CoreHR | CoreHR XD | |\n\n| Corporate Payroll Solutions Ltd | Legislator PayManager | |\n\n| CPS HR & Payroll Solutions | Legislator HR | |\n\n| Criterion | Criterion HCM \u2013 Payroll | |\n\n| Crop-Ware | CropPayer | |\n\n| Cyberaid | Cyberaid Internet Filing, TeamTrak Adaptiv | |\n\n| DC Software | P11D Submission Pro | |\n\n| eFile Ready Ltd | eFileReady | |\n\n| EnrolPay | EnrolPay Payroll, EnrolPay AutoEnrolment | |\n\n| Eque2 Ltd | MiraclePay for Dynamics NAV | |\n\n| Equiniti | Perito | |\n\n| Equiniti Paymaster | Compendia | |\n\n| FastTrack Recruitment Software | FastTrack360 | |\n\n| Fourth | Payroll | |\n\n| FreeAgent | FreeAgent | |\n\n| Frontier Software | Chris21 | |\n\n| Gel Solutions Ltd | Gel All-in-One | |\n\n| Greentree Software Ltd | Greentree ERP | |\n\n| Hardhatadmin | Hardhatadmin | |\n\n| Hartigan Software Design | RTI Lite, RTI Payroll for Pensions, RTI Payroll Standard, RTI Pro | |\n\n| Hyko | Hyko Payroll | |\n\n| IAW Resources | Ingenuity | |\n\n| Infinet Cloud | UK Payroll For NetSuite | |\n\n| Infor | Infinium | |\n\n| Intelligo Software Ltd | Megapay | |\n\n| Integrity Software Systems Ltd | Evolution M RTI | |\n\n| IRIS | Payrite | |\n\n| IRIS FMP | Amity, Teamspirit | |\n\n| IRIS Payroll Professional | IRIS Payroll Professional | |\n\n| IRIS Software | EARNIE, Farmplan EARNIE, Payroll Business, Bureau Payroll, GP Payroll, Exchequer Payroll, Earnie IQ, Earnie 32, PAYE-Master, PTP Tax Expense, IRIS P11D, IRIS Payroll Basics | |\n\n| Jaama | Key2 Vehicle Management | |\n\n| Jane Systems | Jane | |\n\n| KashFlow | KashFlow Payroll | |\n\n| KeyPay Ltd | KeyPay | |\n\n| Keytime | Keytime Payroll, Keytime P11D | |\n\n| KPMG | P11D Solutions 2020 | |\n\n| K3 SYSPRO | Equator | |\n\n| Liberty Accounts | Liberty Accounts Payroll with P11D | |\n\n| LOKI Systems | Advanced Payroll | |\n\n| Mamut | Mamut Payroll Start, Payroll Standard, Payroll Professional | |\n\n| Merit Software | Merit Payroll | |\n\n| m-hance | Infrastructure 365 | |\n\n| MHR | iTrent | |\n\n| Mintra Trainingportal AS | OCS Human Resource | |\n\n| Mitrefinch Ltd | Mitrefinch Flexipay | |\n\n| MoorepayHR | Moorepay Payroll | |\n\n| Moneysoft | Payroll Manager | |\n\n| My Digital Accounts | My Digital Accounts | |\n\n| My PAYE Ltd | MyPAYE Online Payroll | |\n\n| Nivid Biometrics Ltd | Taras Payroll | |\n\n| Octopaye | Octopaye | |\n\n| Omniphi Systems Limited | Omni PAYE Online | |\n\n| Oracle Corporation UK Ltd | Oracle Cloud Fusion HCM | |\n\n| Orovia Group Limited | EduPay | |\n\n| Oxford Software | Tempaid 5 | |\n\n| PAIYROLL | paiyroll | |\n\n| Pay-Pro Ltd | Paystar | |\n\n| Payback Payroll Software | Payback Payroll, Payback GP Payroll | |\n\n| Paycircle Ltd | Paycircle | |\n\n| PayFit | PayFit | |\n\n| Payroll Business Solutions | Accord Payroll | |\n\n| The Payroll Site | The Payroll Site | |\n\n| Payroo | Payroo Star P11D, Payroo Bureau P11D, Payroo Payroll with CIS, P11D Professional | |\n\n| Payescape Limited | PayRun.IO | |\n\n| Pegasus Software | Pegasus Opera 3, Pegasus Opera 3 SQL, Pegasus Opera 3 SQL SE | |\n\n| Personal Audit Systems Ltd | P11D Organiser | |\n\n| PrimePRO | PrimePAY | |\n\n| Promenics Ltd | Promenics HR & Payroll System | |\n\n| Qtac | Payroll Assistant, Payroll Manager, Payroll Bureau, Payroll Specialist | |\n\n| QuickBooks (Intuit) | QuickBooks Standard Payroll and QuickBooks Advanced Payroll | |\n\n| RedSky IT | Summit | |\n\n| RSM | InPay | |\n\n| SAA Consultants | REIMS ARTIS, REIMS BARTIC, REIMS RTI Service | |\n\n| Sage (UK) | Instant Payroll | |\n\n| Sage (UK) | Sage 50cloud Payroll | |\n\n| Sage (UK) | Sage 50 P11D, Sage 50 P11D Professional | |\n\n| Sage (UK) | Sage Business Cloud Payroll | |\n\n| Sage (UK) | SnowdropKCS | |\n\n| SAP | SAP Payroll | |\n\n| Sargent-Disc Ltd | Sargent-Disc Payroll | |\n\n| SD Worx | SD Worx EIEx | |\n\n| SDA Logic Limited | Pythagoras Payroll | |\n\n| Shape Payroll | Shape Payroll, Shape Payroll API | |\n\n| Sirius APP | SiriusPayroll365 | |\n\n| Skynet Applied Systems | SkyPay | |\n\n| Software for People | SfP World Service | |\n\n| Sopra HR Software | HR Access version 9 | |\n\n| Specialist Computer Services Ltd | Pyramid | |\n\n| Staffology Payroll | Staffology Payroll | |\n\n| Stansoft | Stansoft Linux | |\n\n| Stirling Solutions | Stirling Payroll | |\n\n| Sum-It Computer Systems | Total | |\n\n| TalentPay | TalentPay | |\n\n| Taxshield | P11D Manager | |\n\n| Technology One | Technology One Human Resource & Payroll | |\n\n| Teqhou | MiraclePay for AX2009, Mi-Pay for D365 | |\n\n| TRG Advantage | Payroll, AutoEnrolment | |\n\n| Unit4 | ERP | |\n\n| WCBS | passFinance Payroll | |\n\n| Workday UK Ltd | Workday Payroll for UK | |\n\n| XCD | XCD HR & Payroll | |\n\n| Xero | Xero Payroll, Xero Me mobile app | |\n\n| Zeel Solutions | Zpayplus | |\n\n| Zellis | ResourceLink | |\n\n## If you change software\n\nSome payroll software will not let you continue with the same employee Payroll IDs if you\u2019ve already used them in other software.\n\nIf your payroll software does not let you do this, put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Payroll ID changed indicator\u2019 for each employee in your Full Payment Submission (FPS).\n\nYour PAYE bill may be calculated incorrectly, and payroll records duplicated, if you do not.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you decide to run payroll yourself, you need payroll software to report to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). The software will help you with tasks like:

    ", + "
  • recording your employees\u2019 details
    • ", + "
  • working out your employees\u2019 pay and deductions
    • ", + "
  • reporting payroll information to HMRC
    • ", + "
  • working out how much you need to pay HMRC
    • ", + "
  • calculating statutory pay, for example maternity or sick pay
    • ", + "

    HMRC-recognised software

    ", + "

    HMRC tests payroll software to check it can report PAYE information online and in real time (RTI).

    ", + "

    You can choose from free payroll software (if you have fewer than 10 employees) and paid-for software that has been tested and recognised by HMRC.

    ", + "

    You should consider which features you need. For example, some software will not let you:

    ", + "
  • produce payslips
    • ", + "
  • record pension deductions
    • ", + "
  • make pension payments
    • ", + "
  • pay different people over different periods (for example both weekly and monthly)
    • ", + "
  • send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) report or Earlier Year Update (EYU) to HMRC
    • ", + "

    HMRC cannot recommend one software product or service over another and is not responsible for any problems you have with software that you\u2019ve bought.

    ", + "

    Free software

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has tested and recognised this free payroll software for businesses with fewer than 10 employees.

    ", + "

    You should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features.

    ", + "Supplier | Product(s)", + "1 2 Cloud Payroll | Free Cloud Payroll, Free Cloud Bureau Payroll", + "12Pay | Express", + "Accentra Technologies | Primo Payroll with Auto Enrolment (up to 10 employees)", + "Capium | Capium Payroll (up to 3 employees)", + "EnrolPay | Small Payroll", + "Hartigan Software Design | RTI Lite", + "HMRC | Basic PAYE Tools", + "IRIS Software | IRIS Payroll Basics", + "Kashflow | Kashflow Payroll", + "Shape Payroll | Shape Payroll (up to 3 employees)", + "Stansoft | Stansoft Linux", + "

    Paid-for software

    ", + "

    The following suppliers produce payroll software that has been tested and recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features.

    ", + "Supplier | Product(s) | ", + "1 2 Cloud Payroll | Cloud Payroll with Mobile App | ", + "12efile | RTI E-FILING Specialist, Professional P11D | ", + "12Pay | 12Pay Payroll - Premium, Bureau, Enterprise | ", + "Able Internet Payroll Ltd | Payroll Bureau, Payroll CIS Professional, Payroll Elite, Payroll Employees, Payroll IBM DB, Payroll Multi-Site, Payroll star DB, Payroll CIS Professional | ", + "Accentra Technologies | Accentra Payroll (Desktop), Primo Payroll (Cloud), Solus Online Payroll | ", + "Access Group | Access Payroll | ", + "Accu-Man | Accu-Man Payroll, Accu-Man Daily Harvest Casuals | ", + "Advanced | OpenPeople | ", + "Advo Group | Advo Payroll | ", + "Ajaccts Software | Ajaccts | ", + "Algorithms Software | Xpedeon | ", + "Allocate Software | 247 Time | ", + "Altus Ltd | Altus Pension Reporting Gateway (APG) | ", + "Andica | Andica Payroll, Andica P11D | ", + "Automatic Data Processing | ADP freedom, ADP iHCM, ADP iHCM2 | ", + "AW-Apps Ltd | AW-Apps Payroll | ", + "Beauchamp Computer Services | Tripay | ", + "BDO | P11D Enterprise | ", + "Brain Payroll Ltd | Brain Payroll | ", + "BrightPay | BrightPay | ", + "Capita Employee Benefits | HartLink, PensionsOfficeII | ", + "Capium | Capium P11D, Capium Payroll | ", + "Cascade Human Resources | Iris Cascade Payroll, Iris Cascade Payroll web | ", + "Catalyst Computer Systems Ltd | Platinum Software | ", + "Ceridian Europe | Dayforce | ", + "CGI HR Solutions | ePayfact | ", + "Cintra HR and Payroll Services | Cintra IQ | ", + "CIPHR | CIPHR Payroll | ", + "Civica | Civica HR & Payroll | ", + "Clear Books | Clear Books Payroll | ", + "Commander Software Limited | Apollo Payroll | ", + "Commercial Software Limited | CS P11D | ", + "Compact Software Ltd | WinPay | ", + "CoreHR | CoreHR XD | ", + "Corporate Payroll Solutions Ltd | Legislator PayManager | ", + "CPS HR & Payroll Solutions | Legislator HR | ", + "Criterion | Criterion HCM \u2013 Payroll | ", + "Crop-Ware | CropPayer | ", + "Cyberaid | Cyberaid Internet Filing, TeamTrak Adaptiv | ", + "DC Software | P11D Submission Pro | ", + "eFile Ready Ltd | eFileReady | ", + "EnrolPay | EnrolPay Payroll, EnrolPay AutoEnrolment | ", + "Eque2 Ltd | MiraclePay for Dynamics NAV | ", + "Equiniti | Perito | ", + "Equiniti Paymaster | Compendia | ", + "FastTrack Recruitment Software | FastTrack360 | ", + "Fourth | Payroll | ", + "FreeAgent | FreeAgent | ", + "Frontier Software | Chris21 | ", + "Gel Solutions Ltd | Gel All-in-One | ", + "Greentree Software Ltd | Greentree ERP | ", + "Hardhatadmin | Hardhatadmin | ", + "Hartigan Software Design | RTI Lite, RTI Payroll for Pensions, RTI Payroll Standard, RTI Pro | ", + "Hyko | Hyko Payroll | ", + "IAW Resources | Ingenuity | ", + "Infinet Cloud | UK Payroll For NetSuite | ", + "Infor | Infinium | ", + "Intelligo Software Ltd | Megapay | ", + "Integrity Software Systems Ltd | Evolution M RTI | ", + "IRIS | Payrite | ", + "IRIS FMP | Amity, Teamspirit | ", + "IRIS Payroll Professional | IRIS Payroll Professional | ", + "IRIS Software | EARNIE, Farmplan EARNIE, Payroll Business, Bureau Payroll, GP Payroll, Exchequer Payroll, Earnie IQ, Earnie 32, PAYE-Master, PTP Tax Expense, IRIS P11D, IRIS Payroll Basics | ", + "Jaama | Key2 Vehicle Management | ", + "Jane Systems | Jane | ", + "KashFlow | KashFlow Payroll | ", + "KeyPay Ltd | KeyPay | ", + "Keytime | Keytime Payroll, Keytime P11D | ", + "KPMG | P11D Solutions 2020 | ", + "K3 SYSPRO | Equator | ", + "Liberty Accounts | Liberty Accounts Payroll with P11D | ", + "LOKI Systems | Advanced Payroll | ", + "Mamut | Mamut Payroll Start, Payroll Standard, Payroll Professional | ", + "Merit Software | Merit Payroll | ", + "m-hance | Infrastructure 365 | ", + "MHR | iTrent | ", + "Mintra Trainingportal AS | OCS Human Resource | ", + "Mitrefinch Ltd | Mitrefinch Flexipay | ", + "MoorepayHR | Moorepay Payroll | ", + "Moneysoft | Payroll Manager | ", + "My Digital Accounts | My Digital Accounts | ", + "My PAYE Ltd | MyPAYE Online Payroll | ", + "Nivid Biometrics Ltd | Taras Payroll | ", + "Octopaye | Octopaye | ", + "Omniphi Systems Limited | Omni PAYE Online | ", + "Oracle Corporation UK Ltd | Oracle Cloud Fusion HCM | ", + "Orovia Group Limited | EduPay | ", + "Oxford Software | Tempaid 5 | ", + "PAIYROLL | paiyroll | ", + "Pay-Pro Ltd | Paystar | ", + "Payback Payroll Software | Payback Payroll, Payback GP Payroll | ", + "Paycircle Ltd | Paycircle | ", + "PayFit | PayFit | ", + "Payroll Business Solutions | Accord Payroll | ", + "The Payroll Site | The Payroll Site | ", + "Payroo | Payroo Star P11D, Payroo Bureau P11D, Payroo Payroll with CIS, P11D Professional | ", + "Payescape Limited | PayRun.IO | ", + "Pegasus Software | Pegasus Opera 3, Pegasus Opera 3 SQL, Pegasus Opera 3 SQL SE | ", + "Personal Audit Systems Ltd | P11D Organiser | ", + "PrimePRO | PrimePAY | ", + "Promenics Ltd | Promenics HR & Payroll System | ", + "Qtac | Payroll Assistant, Payroll Manager, Payroll Bureau, Payroll Specialist | ", + "QuickBooks (Intuit) | QuickBooks Standard Payroll and QuickBooks Advanced Payroll | ", + "RedSky IT | Summit | ", + "RSM | InPay | ", + "SAA Consultants | REIMS ARTIS, REIMS BARTIC, REIMS RTI Service | ", + "Sage (UK) | Instant Payroll | ", + "Sage (UK) | Sage 50cloud Payroll | ", + "Sage (UK) | Sage 50 P11D, Sage 50 P11D Professional | ", + "Sage (UK) | Sage Business Cloud Payroll | ", + "Sage (UK) | SnowdropKCS | ", + "SAP | SAP Payroll | ", + "Sargent-Disc Ltd | Sargent-Disc Payroll | ", + "SD Worx | SD Worx EIEx | ", + "SDA Logic Limited | Pythagoras Payroll | ", + "Shape Payroll | Shape Payroll, Shape Payroll API | ", + "Sirius APP | SiriusPayroll365 | ", + "Skynet Applied Systems | SkyPay | ", + "Software for People | SfP World Service | ", + "Sopra HR Software | HR Access version 9 | ", + "Specialist Computer Services Ltd | Pyramid | ", + "Staffology Payroll | Staffology Payroll | ", + "Stansoft | Stansoft Linux | ", + "Stirling Solutions | Stirling Payroll | ", + "Sum-It Computer Systems | Total | ", + "TalentPay | TalentPay | ", + "Taxshield | P11D Manager | ", + "Technology One | Technology One Human Resource & Payroll | ", + "Teqhou | MiraclePay for AX2009, Mi-Pay for D365 | ", + "TRG Advantage | Payroll, AutoEnrolment | ", + "Unit4 | ERP | ", + "WCBS | passFinance Payroll | ", + "Workday UK Ltd | Workday Payroll for UK | ", + "XCD | XCD HR & Payroll | ", + "Xero | Xero Payroll, Xero Me mobile app | ", + "Zeel Solutions | Zpayplus | ", + "Zellis | ResourceLink | ", + "

    If you change software

    ", + "

    Some payroll software will not let you continue with the same employee Payroll IDs if you\u2019ve already used them in other software.

    ", + "

    If your payroll software does not let you do this, put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Payroll ID changed indicator\u2019 for each employee in your Full Payment Submission (FPS).

    ", + "

    Your PAYE bill may be calculated incorrectly, and payroll records duplicated, if you do not.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-errors": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-errors", + "title": "Fix problems with running payroll", + "content": "## Your PAYE bill is not what you expected\n\nEvery month you have to pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) what you owe as part of running payroll for your employees.\n\nThere are things you should check if your PAYE bill is not what you expected when you view your online account.\n\n## What to check\n\nMake sure you sent your Full Payment Submission (FPS) or Employer Payment Summary (EPS) in time for the account to update.\n\nYou should also check that you:\n\n- used the date you paid your employees on your FPS report, not the date you sent it\n\n- reported other details in your FPS correctly, for example pay and deductions\n\n- reported your EPS correctly, for example to reclaim any statutory pay\n\n- previously paid HMRC the right amount - you may have paid too much or too little if your reports were incorrect\n\n## Employees starting and leaving\n\nCheck that you correctly reported any employees starting or leaving.\n\nYou may get an incorrect bill and duplicate payroll records if you made a mistake. Both are usually corrected automatically - contact HMRC if your PAYE bill is still wrong by the 12th of the next tax month.\n\n## Correcting errors\n\nIf you find a mistake, follow the guidance to:\n\n- correct an error in your FPS or EPS\n\n- correct a payment to HMRC\n\nYou can also correct mistakes if you paid your employee the wrong amount or made incorrect deductions.\n\n## Get help to correct your PAYE bill\n\nContact HMRC\u2019s employer helpline if you need help.\n\n## You made a mistake in your FPS or EPS\n\nYour PAYE bill might be wrong if you made a mistake in your FPS or EPS. You might have to correct:\n\n- pay or deductions\n\n- payment dates\n\n- start or leaving dates for your employee\n\n- employee information\n\n- reports sent in advance\n\n- National Insurance category letters\n\n- amounts in your Employer Payment Summary (EPS)\n\n- the Apprenticeship Levy you owe (starting from April 2017) if you, or employers you\u2019re connected to, have an annual pay bill of more than \u00a33 million\n\nYou\u2019ll only be charged a penalty for a mistake if you did not take reasonable care or did it deliberately.\n\n## If you\u2019ve reported the wrong pay or deductions\n\nTo correct a mistake made in the current tax year, update the year-to-date figures in your next regular Full Payment Submission (FPS).\n\nIf you reported the wrong pay or deductions in the 2020 to 2021 tax year you can correct this by submitting another FPS with the correct year to date figures.\n\nIf you reported the wrong pay or deductions in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax years, you can correct this by submitting an Earlier Year Update (EYU) or a further FPS with the correct year to date figures.\n\nFor earlier tax years, send an EYU showing the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figure. You can only use an EYU for tax years when you were reporting online in real time.\n\nIf your payroll software cannot send an EYU, you can use HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools.\n\nThe rules are different if you find a mistake in your final FPS of the year.\n\n## Correct a pension death benefit or flexibility payment\n\nIf you\u2019re a pension administrator who needs to correct a flexibility payment or death benefit payment, you must:\n\n- select the \u2018pension flexibility payment\u2019 or \u2018pension death benefit payment\u2019 indicator\n\n- update the \u2018pensions drawdown taxable payment\u2019 or \u2019pensions drawdown non-taxable payment\u2019 fields (or both) with the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figures\n\n## If your employee has stopped working for you\n\nInclude them in your next FPS and correct their year-to-date figures. Include their original \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 and put the same or a later \u2018Payment date\u2019 than the one shown on their final FPS.\n\n## Correct the payment date in your FPS\n\nYou should use the date you paid your employees in your FPS.\n\nSend an additional FPS with the correct payment date if you\u2019ve sent one with the wrong payment date. Write \u2018H - correction to earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field.\n\nSend your corrected FPS by the 19th of the tax month after you sent your original FPS. HMRC will apply the correction to the right month.\n\nIf the wrong date was in different tax month, you must realign your payroll to the correct tax period.\n\n## Correct an employee\u2019s start or leaving date\n\nUpdate your payroll records with the correct date if you put the wrong start or leaving date for an employee in your FPS.\n\nDo not report the amendment in your next FPS as this may create a duplicate record for the employee.\n\n## Correct your employee\u2019s personal information\n\nCorrect your next FPS if you\u2019ve made a mistake with your employee\u2019s personal details.\n\nDo not report updates to more than one of your employee\u2019s personal details (for example their name, date of birth or gender) in the same FPS. Your payroll records may be duplicated if you do, and your PAYE bill might be wrong.\n\nIf your employee\u2019s details (for example their address or surname) change:\n\n- they must tell HMRC straight away\n\n- you need to update your payroll records\n\n## Correct FPS reports sent in advance\n\nIf you\u2019ve sent FPS reports in advance that need to be corrected (for example because an employee leaves), you should:\n\n- send another FPS for the tax month the correction relates to, making sure you fill in all relevant fields and revising the year-to-date figures if needed\n\n- correct any other FPS reports you sent in advance that are affected by the change\n\n## Correct an employee\u2019s National Insurance category letter\n\nHow you do this depends on why the category letter changed, and in which tax year.\n\n## You\u2019ve used the wrong category letter in the current tax year or the 2020 to 2021 tax year\n\nReport the mistake in your next FPS.\n\n- Add the category letter you\u2019ve used incorrectly.\n\n- Put \u20180\u2019 in all National Insurance fields for this category letter except \u2018Employee\u2019s NICs this payment\u2019, and enter the amount you have repaid or recovered here, for example put -\u00a3300 if you\u2019re repaying an employee\u2019s overpayment of \u00a3300.\n\n- Add the correct category letter, and enter the correct year-to-date National Insurance for this category letter.\n\n- Put \u20180\u2019 in all National Insurance fields for the incorrect category letter for the rest of the tax year - you do not need to do this if the category should never have been used.\n\nSome software allows you to correct this by adjusting net pay. You\u2019ll still need to keep a record of the change.\n\n## Your employee\u2019s category letter changed during the tax year\n\nIn your next FPS:\n\n- Continue to report year-to-date information for the old category.\n\n- Put \u20180\u2019 in all \u2018In this pay period\u2019 fields for this category, and use the \u2018Employee\u2019s NICs this payment\u2019 field to adjust any underpayment or overpayment of National Insurance.\n\n- Add the correct category letter, and enter the correct year-to-date National Insurance for this category letter.\n\n## If the mistake was in the 2019 to 2020 tax year or earlier\n\nSend an EYU with:\n\n- negative amounts in all the National Insurance year-to-date fields in the incorrect category letter, to reduce the employee\u2019s National Insurance to zero\n\n- the correct category letter and correct year-to-date National Insurance\n\nIf you\u2019re correcting a mistake in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax years, you may be able to send an FPS instead - use your payroll software to check. Send it with the correct category letter and correct year-to-date National Insurance.\n\n## If the mistake caused an overpayment or underpayment\n\nYou must correct your employee\u2019s National Insurance deductions if they paid too little or too much because they were on the wrong category letter.\n\n## Correct an EPS\n\nTo correct a mistake in the current tax year, send an EPS with the correct year-to-date figures.\n\nFor previous tax years, send an EPS with the correct year-to-date figures for the tax year where you made the mistake.\n\n## You paid HMRC the wrong amount\n\nWhat you need to do to correct a payment depends on whether you paid too much or too little, and how the error occurred.\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid HMRC too little\n\nIf you underpaid because of a mistake in your Full Payment Submission (FPS) or Employer Payment Summary (EPS), correct it in your next regular report. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will add the underpayment to your next PAYE bill.\n\nIf you underpaid because you entered the wrong amount when paying HMRC, pay the balance as soon as possible or you may have to pay interest or a penalty. Use your Accounts Office reference when paying.\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid HMRC too much\n\nIf you overpaid because of a mistake in your FPS or EPS, make the correction in your next regular report. HMRC will take the overpayment off your next PAYE bill.\n\nIf you overpaid because you entered the wrong amount when paying HMRC, or you made a duplicate payment, you can balance your account by paying less in your next PAYE bill.\n\nYou can also claim a refund if you\u2019ve overpaid by contacting HMRC\u2019s employer helpline.\n\nHMRC will repay directly into your account if you\u2019ve sent an EPS with your bank details.\n\nWrite to HMRC with your bank details if you cannot include them with your EPS.\n\n## Reclaim an overpayment for a previous tax year\n\nYou must work out why you overpaid before you can reclaim an overpayment for a previous tax year.\n\n## Work out why you overpaid\n\nCompare what you\u2019ve paid HMRC with what you\u2019ve owed in your tax account. You may have overpaid if your payments did not take into account:\n\n- an overpayment carried over from a previous tax year\n\n- statutory pay for parents that you were entitled to reclaim\n\n- any repayments made to employees, for example because you used the wrong tax code\n\n- any corrections to your reports\n\n- student loan deductions\n\n- employees who left, for example because you did not report them correctly to HMRC\n\n- any incentive payments from HMRC to send reports online\n\n- any Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deductions, or if you made deductions incorrectly\n\nYou also may have overpaid if you paid HMRC:\n\n- for the wrong tax year\n\n- more than once for the same bill\n\n- an estimated amount in advance\n\nFor duplicated or estimated payments, tell HMRC what you paid, what you should have paid and why you paid the additional amount.\n\n## Making your claim\n\nOnce you know why you\u2019ve overpaid, you can claim your repayment from HMRC. You\u2019ll need to tell them:\n\n- your business\u2019s name and address\n\n- your PAYE reference - this is in your employer registration letter from HMRC\n\n- your contact telephone number\n\n- how much you\u2019ve overpaid - for each tax year you\u2019re claiming\n\n- the tax month you overpaid in (if possible)\n\n- why you overpaid - for each tax year you\u2019re claiming\n\n- whether you\u2019ve claimed this overpayment before\n\nHMRC will offset the amount against your PAYE bill in the current tax year. If you do not owe anything, they will offset the amount:\n\n- against a PAYE bill from a previous tax year\n\n- against other taxes you owe, for example Corporation Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll only get a refund if you do not owe HMRC any tax.\n\nYou must apply by letter if your company has been dissolved or struck off.\n\n## You paid your employee the wrong amount or made incorrect deductions\n\nYou can correct a mistake with an employee\u2019s pay or deductions by updating the year-to-date figures in your next regular Full Payment Submission (FPS).\n\nYou can also correct it by sending an additional FPS before your next regular FPS is due. You need to:\n\n- update the \u2018this pay period\u2019 figures with the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figures\n\n- correct the year-to-date figures\n\n- put the same payment date as the original FPS\n\n- put the same pay frequency as the original FPS\n\n- put \u2018H - Correction to earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field\n\n## Correct a pension death benefit or flexibility payment\n\nIf you\u2019re a pension administrator who needs to correct a flexibility payment or death benefit payment, you must:\n\n- select the \u2018pension flexibility payment\u2019 or \u2018pension death benefit payment\u2019 indicator\n\n- update the \u2018pensions drawdown taxable payment\u2019 or \u2019pensions drawdown non-taxable payment\u2019 fields (or both) with the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figures\n\n## If you underpaid your employee\n\nPay your employee the amount you underpaid them. On or before the day of this payment, send an additional FPS with:\n\n- the difference between what you originally reported and the correct amount in the \u2018In this pay period\u2019 field\n\n- updated year-to-date figures\n\n- \u2018H - Correction to earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field\n\n## Correct an employee\u2019s National Insurance deductions\n\nWhat you need to do depends on when you made the mistake.\n\n## If the mistake was in this tax year\n\nRepay or deduct the balance from your employee. Update the year-to-date figures to the corrected amount in your next regular FPS or send an additional FPS.\n\nIf you deducted too little, you cannot recover more than the employee\u2019s National Insurance contribution due that month.\n\n## If the mistake was in the 2020 to 2021 tax year\n\nSend an FPS with the amount you should have deducted.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to write to HMRC if both the following apply:\n\n- the difference is negative because you deducted or reported too much National Insurance\n\n- you still owe your employee a refund, for example because they\u2019ve left your employment\n\nIn the letter you\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- the reference \u2018Overpaid NI contributions\u2019\n\n- your employee\u2019s name, date of birth and National Insurance number\n\n- why you overpaid National Insurance contributions\n\n- which tax years you overpaid in\n\n- how much National Insurance you overpaid\n\n- why you are unable to make the payment to the employee\n\nFor a claim for one employee, send the letter to:\n\nFor a claim for more than one employee, send the letter to:\n\n## If the mistake was in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax years\n\nSend an FPS with the correct year-to-date National Insurance if:\n\n- your payroll software will let you submit an FPS\n\n- you can pay any National Insurance refunds you owe\n\nIf you cannot use an FPS, send an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between:\n\n- the amount of National Insurance you originally deducted\n\n- the correct amount you should have deducted\n\nIf the difference is negative (because you deducted or reported too much National Insurance), you also need to set the \u2018NIC refund indicator\u2019 to:\n\n- \u2018Yes\u2019 if you\u2019ve refunded your employee or no refund was due\n\n- \u2018No\u2019 if you still owe your employee a refund (for example because they\u2019ve left your employment)\n\n## If the mistake was in the 2017 to 2018 tax year or earlier\n\nSend an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between:\n\n- the amount of National Insurance you originally deducted\n\n- the correct amount you should have deducted\n\nIf the difference is negative (because you deducted or reported too much National Insurance), you also need to set the \u2018NIC refund indicator\u2019 to:\n\n- Yes\u2019 if you\u2019ve refunded your employee or no refund was due\n\n- \u2018No\u2019 if you still owe your employee a refund (for example because they\u2019ve left your employment)\n\n## If there\u2019s an underpayment\n\nIf you deducted too little National Insurance, pay HMRC the underpayment straight away. You can then recover the amount from your employee by making deductions from their pay.\n\nYou cannot recover more than the amount of National Insurance the employee owes in a month (so the employee pays no more than double their normal contribution). Carry over the difference to later months - you can only make deductions in the tax year when you made the mistake and the year after.\n\n## Correct an employee\u2019s student loan repayments\n\nWhat you need to do depends on when you made the mistake.\n\n## If the mistake was in this tax year\n\nRepay or deduct the balance from your employee. Update the year-to-date figures to the corrected amount in your next regular FPS or send an additional FPS.\n\nIf you deducted too little, you cannot recover more than the student loan repayment due that month.\n\n## If the mistake was in the 2020 to 2021 tax year\n\nIf you deducted too little, you do not need to do anything. Your employee should contact the Student Loans Company to find out how it affects them.\n\nIf you deducted too much, you need to repay your employee. Send an FPS with the correct \u2018student loan repayment year to date\u2019 figure as of 5 April for the previous tax year.\n\n## If the mistake was in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax year\n\nIf you deducted too little, you do not need to do anything. Your employee should contact the Student Loans Company to find out how it affects them.\n\nIf you deducted too much, you need to repay your employee.\n\nCheck your payroll software to see if you can submit an FPS. If you can, send it with the correct \u2018student loan repayment year to date\u2019 figure as of 5 April for the previous tax year.\n\nOtherwise send an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between what you originally deducted and the correct amount.\n\n## If the mistake was in the 2017 to 2018 tax year or earlier\n\nIf you deducted too little, you do not need to do anything. Your employee should contact the Student Loans Company to find out how it affects them.\n\nIf you deducted too much, you need to repay your employee. Send an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between what you originally deducted and the correct amount.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Your PAYE bill is not what you expected

    ", + "

    Every month you have to pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) what you owe as part of running payroll for your employees.

    ", + "

    There are things you should check if your PAYE bill is not what you expected when you view your online account.

    ", + "

    What to check

    ", + "

    Make sure you sent your Full Payment Submission (FPS) or Employer Payment Summary (EPS) in time for the account to update.

    ", + "

    You should also check that you:

    ", + "
  • used the date you paid your employees on your FPS report, not the date you sent it
    • ", + "
  • reported other details in your FPS correctly, for example pay and deductions
    • ", + "
  • reported your EPS correctly, for example to reclaim any statutory pay
    • ", + "
  • previously paid HMRC the right amount - you may have paid too much or too little if your reports were incorrect
    • ", + "

    Employees starting and leaving

    ", + "

    Check that you correctly reported any employees starting or leaving.

    ", + "

    You may get an incorrect bill and duplicate payroll records if you made a mistake. Both are usually corrected automatically - contact HMRC if your PAYE bill is still wrong by the 12th of the next tax month.

    ", + "

    Correcting errors

    ", + "

    If you find a mistake, follow the guidance to:

    ", + "
  • correct an error in your FPS or EPS
    • ", + "
  • correct a payment to HMRC
    • ", + "

    You can also correct mistakes if you paid your employee the wrong amount or made incorrect deductions.

    ", + "

    Get help to correct your PAYE bill

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC\u2019s employer helpline if you need help.

    ", + "

    You made a mistake in your FPS or EPS

    ", + "

    Your PAYE bill might be wrong if you made a mistake in your FPS or EPS. You might have to correct:

    ", + "
  • pay or deductions
    • ", + "
  • payment dates
    • ", + "
  • start or leaving dates for your employee
    • ", + "
  • employee information
    • ", + "
  • reports sent in advance
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance category letters
    • ", + "
  • amounts in your Employer Payment Summary (EPS)
    • ", + "
  • the Apprenticeship Levy you owe (starting from April 2017) if you, or employers you\u2019re connected to, have an annual pay bill of more than \u00a33 million
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll only be charged a penalty for a mistake if you did not take reasonable care or did it deliberately.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve reported the wrong pay or deductions

    ", + "

    To correct a mistake made in the current tax year, update the year-to-date figures in your next regular Full Payment Submission (FPS).

    ", + "

    If you reported the wrong pay or deductions in the 2020 to 2021 tax year you can correct this by submitting another FPS with the correct year to date figures.

    ", + "

    If you reported the wrong pay or deductions in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax years, you can correct this by submitting an Earlier Year Update (EYU) or a further FPS with the correct year to date figures.

    ", + "

    For earlier tax years, send an EYU showing the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figure. You can only use an EYU for tax years when you were reporting online in real time.

    ", + "

    If your payroll software cannot send an EYU, you can use HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you find a mistake in your final FPS of the year.

    ", + "

    Correct a pension death benefit or flexibility payment

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a pension administrator who needs to correct a flexibility payment or death benefit payment, you must:

    ", + "
  • select the \u2018pension flexibility payment\u2019 or \u2018pension death benefit payment\u2019 indicator
    • ", + "
  • update the \u2018pensions drawdown taxable payment\u2019 or \u2019pensions drawdown non-taxable payment\u2019 fields (or both) with the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figures
    • ", + "

    If your employee has stopped working for you

    ", + "

    Include them in your next FPS and correct their year-to-date figures. Include their original \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 and put the same or a later \u2018Payment date\u2019 than the one shown on their final FPS.

    ", + "

    Correct the payment date in your FPS

    ", + "

    You should use the date you paid your employees in your FPS.

    ", + "

    Send an additional FPS with the correct payment date if you\u2019ve sent one with the wrong payment date. Write \u2018H - correction to earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field.

    ", + "

    Send your corrected FPS by the 19th of the tax month after you sent your original FPS. HMRC will apply the correction to the right month.

    ", + "

    If the wrong date was in different tax month, you must realign your payroll to the correct tax period.

    ", + "

    Correct an employee\u2019s start or leaving date

    ", + "

    Update your payroll records with the correct date if you put the wrong start or leaving date for an employee in your FPS.

    ", + "

    Do not report the amendment in your next FPS as this may create a duplicate record for the employee.

    ", + "

    Correct your employee\u2019s personal information

    ", + "

    Correct your next FPS if you\u2019ve made a mistake with your employee\u2019s personal details.

    ", + "

    Do not report updates to more than one of your employee\u2019s personal details (for example their name, date of birth or gender) in the same FPS. Your payroll records may be duplicated if you do, and your PAYE bill might be wrong.

    ", + "

    If your employee\u2019s details (for example their address or surname) change:

    ", + "
  • they must tell HMRC straight away
    • ", + "
  • you need to update your payroll records
    • ", + "

    Correct FPS reports sent in advance

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve sent FPS reports in advance that need to be corrected (for example because an employee leaves), you should:

    ", + "
  • send another FPS for the tax month the correction relates to, making sure you fill in all relevant fields and revising the year-to-date figures if needed
    • ", + "
  • correct any other FPS reports you sent in advance that are affected by the change
    • ", + "

    Correct an employee\u2019s National Insurance category letter

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on why the category letter changed, and in which tax year.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve used the wrong category letter in the current tax year or the 2020 to 2021 tax year

    ", + "

    Report the mistake in your next FPS.

    ", + "
  • Add the category letter you\u2019ve used incorrectly.
    • ", + "
  • Put \u20180\u2019 in all National Insurance fields for this category letter except \u2018Employee\u2019s NICs this payment\u2019, and enter the amount you have repaid or recovered here, for example put -\u00a3300 if you\u2019re repaying an employee\u2019s overpayment of \u00a3300.
    • ", + "
  • Add the correct category letter, and enter the correct year-to-date National Insurance for this category letter.
    • ", + "
  • Put \u20180\u2019 in all National Insurance fields for the incorrect category letter for the rest of the tax year - you do not need to do this if the category should never have been used.
    • ", + "

    Some software allows you to correct this by adjusting net pay. You\u2019ll still need to keep a record of the change.

    ", + "

    Your employee\u2019s category letter changed during the tax year

    ", + "

    In your next FPS:

    ", + "
  • Continue to report year-to-date information for the old category.
    • ", + "
  • Put \u20180\u2019 in all \u2018In this pay period\u2019 fields for this category, and use the \u2018Employee\u2019s NICs this payment\u2019 field to adjust any underpayment or overpayment of National Insurance.
    • ", + "
  • Add the correct category letter, and enter the correct year-to-date National Insurance for this category letter.
    • ", + "

    If the mistake was in the 2019 to 2020 tax year or earlier

    ", + "

    Send an EYU with:

    ", + "
  • negative amounts in all the National Insurance year-to-date fields in the incorrect category letter, to reduce the employee\u2019s National Insurance to zero
    • ", + "
  • the correct category letter and correct year-to-date National Insurance
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re correcting a mistake in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax years, you may be able to send an FPS instead - use your payroll software to check. Send it with the correct category letter and correct year-to-date National Insurance.

    ", + "

    If the mistake caused an overpayment or underpayment

    ", + "

    You must correct your employee\u2019s National Insurance deductions if they paid too little or too much because they were on the wrong category letter.

    ", + "

    Correct an EPS

    ", + "

    To correct a mistake in the current tax year, send an EPS with the correct year-to-date figures.

    ", + "

    For previous tax years, send an EPS with the correct year-to-date figures for the tax year where you made the mistake.

    ", + "

    You paid HMRC the wrong amount

    ", + "

    What you need to do to correct a payment depends on whether you paid too much or too little, and how the error occurred.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid HMRC too little

    ", + "

    If you underpaid because of a mistake in your Full Payment Submission (FPS) or Employer Payment Summary (EPS), correct it in your next regular report. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will add the underpayment to your next PAYE bill.

    ", + "

    If you underpaid because you entered the wrong amount when paying HMRC, pay the balance as soon as possible or you may have to pay interest or a penalty. Use your Accounts Office reference when paying.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid HMRC too much

    ", + "

    If you overpaid because of a mistake in your FPS or EPS, make the correction in your next regular report. HMRC will take the overpayment off your next PAYE bill.

    ", + "

    If you overpaid because you entered the wrong amount when paying HMRC, or you made a duplicate payment, you can balance your account by paying less in your next PAYE bill.

    ", + "

    You can also claim a refund if you\u2019ve overpaid by contacting HMRC\u2019s employer helpline.

    ", + "

    HMRC will repay directly into your account if you\u2019ve sent an EPS with your bank details.

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC with your bank details if you cannot include them with your EPS.

    ", + "

    Reclaim an overpayment for a previous tax year

    ", + "

    You must work out why you overpaid before you can reclaim an overpayment for a previous tax year.

    ", + "

    Work out why you overpaid

    ", + "

    Compare what you\u2019ve paid HMRC with what you\u2019ve owed in your tax account. You may have overpaid if your payments did not take into account:

    ", + "
  • an overpayment carried over from a previous tax year
    • ", + "
  • statutory pay for parents that you were entitled to reclaim
    • ", + "
  • any repayments made to employees, for example because you used the wrong tax code
    • ", + "
  • any corrections to your reports
    • ", + "
  • student loan deductions
    • ", + "
  • employees who left, for example because you did not report them correctly to HMRC
    • ", + "
  • any incentive payments from HMRC to send reports online
    • ", + "
  • any Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deductions, or if you made deductions incorrectly
    • ", + "

    You also may have overpaid if you paid HMRC:

    ", + "
  • for the wrong tax year
    • ", + "
  • more than once for the same bill
    • ", + "
  • an estimated amount in advance
    • ", + "

    For duplicated or estimated payments, tell HMRC what you paid, what you should have paid and why you paid the additional amount.

    ", + "

    Making your claim

    ", + "

    Once you know why you\u2019ve overpaid, you can claim your repayment from HMRC. You\u2019ll need to tell them:

    ", + "
  • your business\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • your PAYE reference - this is in your employer registration letter from HMRC
    • ", + "
  • your contact telephone number
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019ve overpaid - for each tax year you\u2019re claiming
    • ", + "
  • the tax month you overpaid in (if possible)
    • ", + "
  • why you overpaid - for each tax year you\u2019re claiming
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve claimed this overpayment before
    • ", + "

    HMRC will offset the amount against your PAYE bill in the current tax year. If you do not owe anything, they will offset the amount:

    ", + "
  • against a PAYE bill from a previous tax year
    • ", + "
  • against other taxes you owe, for example Corporation Tax
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll only get a refund if you do not owe HMRC any tax.

    ", + "

    You must apply by letter if your company has been dissolved or struck off.

    ", + "

    You paid your employee the wrong amount or made incorrect deductions

    ", + "

    You can correct a mistake with an employee\u2019s pay or deductions by updating the year-to-date figures in your next regular Full Payment Submission (FPS).

    ", + "

    You can also correct it by sending an additional FPS before your next regular FPS is due. You need to:

    ", + "
  • update the \u2018this pay period\u2019 figures with the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figures
    • ", + "
  • correct the year-to-date figures
    • ", + "
  • put the same payment date as the original FPS
    • ", + "
  • put the same pay frequency as the original FPS
    • ", + "
  • put \u2018H - Correction to earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field
    • ", + "

    Correct a pension death benefit or flexibility payment

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a pension administrator who needs to correct a flexibility payment or death benefit payment, you must:

    ", + "
  • select the \u2018pension flexibility payment\u2019 or \u2018pension death benefit payment\u2019 indicator
    • ", + "
  • update the \u2018pensions drawdown taxable payment\u2019 or \u2019pensions drawdown non-taxable payment\u2019 fields (or both) with the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figures
    • ", + "

    If you underpaid your employee

    ", + "

    Pay your employee the amount you underpaid them. On or before the day of this payment, send an additional FPS with:

    ", + "
  • the difference between what you originally reported and the correct amount in the \u2018In this pay period\u2019 field
    • ", + "
  • updated year-to-date figures
    • ", + "
  • \u2018H - Correction to earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field
    • ", + "

    Correct an employee\u2019s National Insurance deductions

    ", + "

    What you need to do depends on when you made the mistake.

    ", + "

    If the mistake was in this tax year

    ", + "

    Repay or deduct the balance from your employee. Update the year-to-date figures to the corrected amount in your next regular FPS or send an additional FPS.

    ", + "

    If you deducted too little, you cannot recover more than the employee\u2019s National Insurance contribution due that month.

    ", + "

    If the mistake was in the 2020 to 2021 tax year

    ", + "

    Send an FPS with the amount you should have deducted.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to write to HMRC if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the difference is negative because you deducted or reported too much National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • you still owe your employee a refund, for example because they\u2019ve left your employment
    • ", + "

    In the letter you\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • the reference \u2018Overpaid NI contributions\u2019
    • ", + "
  • your employee\u2019s name, date of birth and National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • why you overpaid National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "
  • which tax years you overpaid in
    • ", + "
  • how much National Insurance you overpaid
    • ", + "
  • why you are unable to make the payment to the employee
    • ", + "

    For a claim for one employee, send the letter to:

    ", + "

    For a claim for more than one employee, send the letter to:

    ", + "

    If the mistake was in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax years

    ", + "

    Send an FPS with the correct year-to-date National Insurance if:

    ", + "
  • your payroll software will let you submit an FPS
    • ", + "
  • you can pay any National Insurance refunds you owe
    • ", + "

    If you cannot use an FPS, send an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between:

    ", + "
  • the amount of National Insurance you originally deducted
    • ", + "
  • the correct amount you should have deducted
    • ", + "

    If the difference is negative (because you deducted or reported too much National Insurance), you also need to set the \u2018NIC refund indicator\u2019 to:

    ", + "
  • \u2018Yes\u2019 if you\u2019ve refunded your employee or no refund was due
    • ", + "
  • \u2018No\u2019 if you still owe your employee a refund (for example because they\u2019ve left your employment)
    • ", + "

    If the mistake was in the 2017 to 2018 tax year or earlier

    ", + "

    Send an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between:

    ", + "
  • the amount of National Insurance you originally deducted
    • ", + "
  • the correct amount you should have deducted
    • ", + "

    If the difference is negative (because you deducted or reported too much National Insurance), you also need to set the \u2018NIC refund indicator\u2019 to:

    ", + "
  • Yes\u2019 if you\u2019ve refunded your employee or no refund was due
    • ", + "
  • \u2018No\u2019 if you still owe your employee a refund (for example because they\u2019ve left your employment)
    • ", + "

    If there\u2019s an underpayment

    ", + "

    If you deducted too little National Insurance, pay HMRC the underpayment straight away. You can then recover the amount from your employee by making deductions from their pay.

    ", + "

    You cannot recover more than the amount of National Insurance the employee owes in a month (so the employee pays no more than double their normal contribution). Carry over the difference to later months - you can only make deductions in the tax year when you made the mistake and the year after.

    ", + "

    Correct an employee\u2019s student loan repayments

    ", + "

    What you need to do depends on when you made the mistake.

    ", + "

    If the mistake was in this tax year

    ", + "

    Repay or deduct the balance from your employee. Update the year-to-date figures to the corrected amount in your next regular FPS or send an additional FPS.

    ", + "

    If you deducted too little, you cannot recover more than the student loan repayment due that month.

    ", + "

    If the mistake was in the 2020 to 2021 tax year

    ", + "

    If you deducted too little, you do not need to do anything. Your employee should contact the Student Loans Company to find out how it affects them.

    ", + "

    If you deducted too much, you need to repay your employee. Send an FPS with the correct \u2018student loan repayment year to date\u2019 figure as of 5 April for the previous tax year.

    ", + "

    If the mistake was in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax year

    ", + "

    If you deducted too little, you do not need to do anything. Your employee should contact the Student Loans Company to find out how it affects them.

    ", + "

    If you deducted too much, you need to repay your employee.

    ", + "

    Check your payroll software to see if you can submit an FPS. If you can, send it with the correct \u2018student loan repayment year to date\u2019 figure as of 5 April for the previous tax year.

    ", + "

    Otherwise send an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between what you originally deducted and the correct amount.

    ", + "

    If the mistake was in the 2017 to 2018 tax year or earlier

    ", + "

    If you deducted too little, you do not need to do anything. Your employee should contact the Student Loans Company to find out how it affects them.

    ", + "

    If you deducted too much, you need to repay your employee. Send an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between what you originally deducted and the correct amount.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/make-benefit-debt-deductions": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-benefit-debt-deductions", + "title": "Make benefit debt deductions from an employee's pay", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAs an employer you may be asked to deduct benefit overpayments an employee owes the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) from their pay. This is called a Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA).\n\nDWP will write to you and ask you to operate the DEA scheme if any of your employees are affected. DEA only applies to a small proportion of people owing money to DWP.\n\nYou may also be asked to make deductions for Housing Benefit overpayments an employee owes their local authority. Contact local authorities, not DWP, about these deductions.\n\n## How it works\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you if you need to make Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) deductions for an employee.\n\n## How deductions work\n\nYou\u2019ll need to follow these steps if you get a letter from DWP saying you need to make Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) deductions for an employee:\n\n- Tell your employee that money will be deducted from their pay.\n\n- Work out how much to deduct from your employee\u2019s pay.\n\n- Check if your employee has other debt orders to pay and if they take priority over DEA.\n\n- Take the money from your employee\u2019s pay.\n\n- Pay the money to DWP no later than the 19th day of the month following deduction in your payroll.\n\n- Continue to make employee deductions and payments to DWP until the debt has been repaid or DWP tells you to stop.\n\nRead the employer\u2019s guide for more information on DEA deductions and payments.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep a record of deductions and tell DWP when an employee leaves your company.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not make DEA deductions.\n\n## Help with DWP payments\n\nCall the employer helpline if you have questions about how to run DEA or pay DWP.\n\nThis helpline is for DWP deductions only. Contact your employee\u2019s local authority for Housing Benefit deductions.\n\n## Calculating DEA\n\nTo calculate the deductions from your employee\u2019s pay you\u2019ll have to:\n\n- work out the employee\u2019s earnings after tax, class 1 National Insurance and workplace pension contributions\n\n- deduct the percentage shown in the table from the employee\u2019s earnings\n\n- check if the employee has other debt orders and if they take priority over Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) - see the employer\u2019s guide\n\nIf the total of all deductions is more than 40% of the employee\u2019s net earnings, DEA must be adjusted - see the employer\u2019s guide.\n\nIf payments are made every 2 or 4 weeks, calculate weekly pay and deduct the percentage in the table.\n\n## Standard DEA rates\n\n| Deductions from earnings | Employee\u2019s weekly pay | Employee\u2019s monthly pay |\n\n| Nothing to deduct | \u00a3100 or less | \u00a3430 or less |\n\n| 3% | \u00a3100.01 to \u00a3160 | \u00a3430.01 to \u00a3690 |\n\n| 5% | \u00a3160.01 to \u00a3220 | \u00a3690.01 to \u00a3950 |\n\n| 7% | \u00a3220.01 to \u00a3270 | \u00a3950.01 to \u00a31,160 |\n\n| 11% | \u00a3270.01 to \u00a3375 | \u00a31,160.01 to \u00a31,615 |\n\n| 15% | \u00a3375.01 to \u00a3520 | \u00a31,615.01 to \u00a32,240 |\n\n| 20% | More than \u00a3520 | More than \u00a32,240 |\n\n## Higher DEA rates\n\nIn some circumstances you may be asked to deduct DEA at a higher rate. The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will tell you which rate to use when it contacts you to set up DEA deductions.\n\n| Deductions from earnings | Employee\u2019s weekly pay | Employee\u2019s monthly pay |\n\n| 5% | \u00a3100 or less | \u00a3430 or less |\n\n| 6% | \u00a3100.01 to \u00a3160 | \u00a3430.01 to \u00a3690 |\n\n| 10% | \u00a3160.01 to \u00a3220 | \u00a3690.01 to \u00a3950 |\n\n| 14% | \u00a3220.01 to \u00a3270 | \u00a3950.01 to \u00a31,160 |\n\n| 22% | \u00a3270.01 to \u00a3375 | \u00a31,160.01 to \u00a31,615 |\n\n| 30% | \u00a3375.01 to \u00a3520 | \u00a31,615.01 to \u00a32,240 |\n\n| 40% | More than \u00a3520 | More than \u00a32,240 |\n\nCall the employer helpline if you\u2019re unsure which rate to pay.\n\nThere is more detail about calculating DEA in the employer\u2019s guide.\n\n## What counts as earnings\n\nWhen calculating Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) payments, you should include as earnings:\n\n- wages and salary\n\n- fees\n\n- bonuses\n\n- commission\n\n- overtime pay\n\n- occupational pensions if paid with wages or salary\n\n- compensation payments\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- most other payments on top of wages\n\n- pay in lieu of notice\n\nDo not count:\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Ordinary or Additional Paternity Pay\n\n- guaranteed minimum pension\n\n- any money the employee gets from the government, such as benefits, pensions or credits (includes Northern Ireland or anywhere outside the UK)\n\n- statutory redundancy pay\n\n- expenses\n\n- pay or allowances as a member of HM Forces (does not include allowances for special members of the reserve force)", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As an employer you may be asked to deduct benefit overpayments an employee owes the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) from their pay. This is called a Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA).

    ", + "

    DWP will write to you and ask you to operate the DEA scheme if any of your employees are affected. DEA only applies to a small proportion of people owing money to DWP.

    ", + "

    You may also be asked to make deductions for Housing Benefit overpayments an employee owes their local authority. Contact local authorities, not DWP, about these deductions.

    ", + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you if you need to make Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) deductions for an employee.

    ", + "

    How deductions work

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to follow these steps if you get a letter from DWP saying you need to make Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) deductions for an employee:

    ", + "
  • Tell your employee that money will be deducted from their pay.
    • ", + "
  • Work out how much to deduct from your employee\u2019s pay.
    • ", + "
  • Check if your employee has other debt orders to pay and if they take priority over DEA.
    • ", + "
  • Take the money from your employee\u2019s pay.
    • ", + "
  • Pay the money to DWP no later than the 19th day of the month following deduction in your payroll.
    • ", + "
  • Continue to make employee deductions and payments to DWP until the debt has been repaid or DWP tells you to stop.
    • ", + "

    Read the employer\u2019s guide for more information on DEA deductions and payments.

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You must keep a record of deductions and tell DWP when an employee leaves your company.

    ", + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not make DEA deductions.

    ", + "

    Help with DWP payments

    ", + "

    Call the employer helpline if you have questions about how to run DEA or pay DWP.

    ", + "

    This helpline is for DWP deductions only. Contact your employee\u2019s local authority for Housing Benefit deductions.

    ", + "

    Calculating DEA

    ", + "

    To calculate the deductions from your employee\u2019s pay you\u2019ll have to:

    ", + "
  • work out the employee\u2019s earnings after tax, class 1 National Insurance and workplace pension contributions
    • ", + "
  • deduct the percentage shown in the table from the employee\u2019s earnings
    • ", + "
  • check if the employee has other debt orders and if they take priority over Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) - see the employer\u2019s guide
    • ", + "

    If the total of all deductions is more than 40% of the employee\u2019s net earnings, DEA must be adjusted - see the employer\u2019s guide.

    ", + "

    If payments are made every 2 or 4 weeks, calculate weekly pay and deduct the percentage in the table.

    ", + "

    Standard DEA rates

    ", + "Deductions from earnings | Employee\u2019s weekly pay | Employee\u2019s monthly pay", + "Nothing to deduct | \u00a3100 or less | \u00a3430 or less", + "3% | \u00a3100.01 to \u00a3160 | \u00a3430.01 to \u00a3690", + "5% | \u00a3160.01 to \u00a3220 | \u00a3690.01 to \u00a3950", + "7% | \u00a3220.01 to \u00a3270 | \u00a3950.01 to \u00a31,160", + "11% | \u00a3270.01 to \u00a3375 | \u00a31,160.01 to \u00a31,615", + "15% | \u00a3375.01 to \u00a3520 | \u00a31,615.01 to \u00a32,240", + "20% | More than \u00a3520 | More than \u00a32,240", + "

    Higher DEA rates

    ", + "

    In some circumstances you may be asked to deduct DEA at a higher rate. The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will tell you which rate to use when it contacts you to set up DEA deductions.

    ", + "Deductions from earnings | Employee\u2019s weekly pay | Employee\u2019s monthly pay", + "5% | \u00a3100 or less | \u00a3430 or less", + "6% | \u00a3100.01 to \u00a3160 | \u00a3430.01 to \u00a3690", + "10% | \u00a3160.01 to \u00a3220 | \u00a3690.01 to \u00a3950", + "14% | \u00a3220.01 to \u00a3270 | \u00a3950.01 to \u00a31,160", + "22% | \u00a3270.01 to \u00a3375 | \u00a31,160.01 to \u00a31,615", + "30% | \u00a3375.01 to \u00a3520 | \u00a31,615.01 to \u00a32,240", + "40% | More than \u00a3520 | More than \u00a32,240", + "

    Call the employer helpline if you\u2019re unsure which rate to pay.

    ", + "

    There is more detail about calculating DEA in the employer\u2019s guide.

    ", + "

    What counts as earnings

    ", + "

    When calculating Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) payments, you should include as earnings:

    ", + "
  • wages and salary
    • ", + "
  • fees
    • ", + "
  • bonuses
    • ", + "
  • commission
    • ", + "
  • overtime pay
    • ", + "
  • occupational pensions if paid with wages or salary
    • ", + "
  • compensation payments
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • most other payments on top of wages
    • ", + "
  • pay in lieu of notice
    • ", + "

    Do not count:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Pay
    • ", + "
  • Ordinary or Additional Paternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • guaranteed minimum pension
    • ", + "
  • any money the employee gets from the government, such as benefits, pensions or credits (includes Northern Ireland or anywhere outside the UK)
    • ", + "
  • statutory redundancy pay
    • ", + "
  • expenses
    • ", + "
  • pay or allowances as a member of HM Forces (does not include allowances for special members of the reserve force)
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-for-employers": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-for-employers", + "title": "Make child maintenance deductions from an employee's pay", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service can ask you to:\n\n- give information about your employee so they can work out the right amount of child maintenance\n\n- set up a deduction from earnings order (DEO)\n\n- answer enquiries from other organisations who collect payments of child maintenance on their behalf\n\nYou may also be given an attachment of earnings order (AEO) by a court.\n\n## Your legal obligations when deducting child maintenance\n\nBy law, you must:\n\n- give information to the Child Maintenance Service if you\u2019re asked to\n\n- send payments as soon as possible, to arrive no later than the 19th day of the month following the month you made the deduction\n\n- tell the Child Maintenance Service immediately if there are any problems with taking payments from a paying parent\u2019s earnings\n\n- make regular payments - if you do not send payments and do not explain why, you could be taken to court\n\nThe paying parent is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\nYou must report a change of circumstances to the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days. For example, if:\n\n- an employee leaves your business\n\n- you\u2019re asked to set up a deduction from earnings order (DEO) for someone who does not work for you\n\nYou can report changes online or by phone.\n\n## Use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\nIf you\u2019ve ever managed a case through the Child Maintenance Service, you can register for the online service. The service lets you:\n\n- see all deductions\n\n- report and make changes\n\n- send messages\n\n- see important information you\u2019ve been sent\n\n## Call the Child Maintenance Service\n\nYou can call the Child Maintenance Service if you have questions or need to report a change.\n\n## Deduction from earnings orders (DEOs)\n\nDeduction from earnings orders (DEOs) are a way of collecting child maintenance directly from a paying parent\u2019s earnings or pension.\n\nThe paying parent is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\n## When you\u2019ll get a DEO\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a deduction from earnings order (DEO) if one of your employees is a paying parent who:\n\n- chooses to pay child maintenance direct from their earnings\n\n- does not pay child maintenance owed\n\n- does not pay the correct amount\n\n- does not pay on time\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou must deduct the amount of child maintenance stated on the DEO from your employee\u2019s net earnings or their pension and pay it to the Child Maintenance Service. This will include any arrears that are due.\n\n## Other court orders against your employee\n\nYou could get a DEO from the Child Maintenance Service and an attachment of earnings order (AEO) from a court.\n\n## How to calculate deductions\n\nThe deduction from earnings order (DEO) will show 2 rates.\n\n| Rate | What it means |\n\n| Normal deduction rate (NDR) | The amount your employee owes in child maintenance. You\u2019ll deduct this from their pay. |\n\n| Protected earnings rate (PER) or protected earnings proportion (PEP) | The minimum pay you must make sure your employee takes home after all deductions have been made. |\n\nThe PER applies to cases opened before 3 March 2003. The PEP applies to cases opened from 3 March 2003.\n\nYou must make sure that your deduction leaves your employee with the amount of their protected earnings, unless the deduction is for administrative costs.\n\n## How much to deduct\n\nYou may not always be able to deduct the full NDR from your employee\u2019s pay.\n\nThis depends on how much they have left in net earnings once you\u2019ve taken in account their PER or PEP.\n\nYou can deduct up to \u00a31 for administration costs.\n\n## If you cannot deduct the full NDR\n\nYou must:\n\n- keep a record of the shortfall\n\n- carry forward the shortfall to the next period\n\n- send any deduction you\u2019ve been able to make to the court or Child Maintenance Service\n\nYou then deduct the full amount of the shortfall plus the NDR owed for the next pay period. You must still leave your employee with the PER or PEP.\n\nIf the shortfall is carried forward for several weeks before being repaid, keep a record of the ongoing shortfall.\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service or court may need to review an NDR if an employee consistently cannot pay it.\n\n## If you pay your employee holiday pay in advance\n\nYou\u2019ll have to:\n\n- calculate your employee\u2019s total net earnings for the pay period\n\n- multiply the PER or PEP and the NDR by the number of weeks in the pay period\n\n- set aside the combined PER or PEP and take off the combined NDR in the usual way\n\n## If you get more than one DEO or AEO for an employee\n\nSometimes a paying parent has more than one case and is paying child maintenance for children by different receiving parents.\n\nThe receiving parent has main day-to-day care of the child. The paying parent does not have main day-to-day care.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay AEOs in the order of the date of issue, so you might have to finish deducting payments for one before another.\n\nAEOs for maintenance have to be paid before AEOs for civil debts.\n\n## What counts as earnings\n\nA deduction from earnings order (DEO) or an attachment of earnings order (AEO) can only be made from the following earnings:\n\n- wages, fees, bonus, commission, overtime pay or any payments on top of wages\n\n- private or occupational pensions and compensation payments\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- contractual sick pay\n\n- contractual maternity pay\n\n- contractual paternity pay\n\n- contractual adoption pay\n\n- contractual redundancy pay\n\nStatutory pay is money that your employees are entitled to by law. Contractual pay is what you agree with your employees over and above statutory pay.\n\n## What does not count as earnings\n\nYour employee cannot pay child maintenance by DEO or AEO if their only earnings are in the following categories:\n\n- amounts paid by a public department of the government of Northern Ireland or any country outside the UK\n\n- any social security pension, allowance or benefit\n\n- tax credits\n\n- any pension or allowance paid for disability\n\n- guaranteed minimum pension within the Social Security Pensions Act 1975\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\n## Make DEO payments\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you do not pay the amount on a deduction from earnings order (DEO).\n\nYou can make\u00a0DEO\u00a0payments by using the Banks Automated Clearing System (BACS). The Child Maintenance Service can help you set it up.\n\n## Pay online\n\nYou can manage your Child Maintenance Service payments online.\n\nYou should send a single bulk BACS payment for all the employees you make a deduction from. You\u2019ll get a monthly schedule.\n\n## Pay by other methods\n\nYou can also pay by:\n\n- internet banking\n\n- telephone banking\n\n- cheque (made payable to \u2018The Child Maintenance Service\u2019)\n\n## Account details to use\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name | Account code | Transaction code |\n\n| 60 70 80 | 10026584 | DWP CMG Employers | 0 | 99 |\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give the employer reference number. It will be a 12 digit number starting with 5.\n\n## When to pay\n\nYou should send a payment to the Child Maintenance Service so it gets there no later than the 19th day of the month following the month that you took it.\n\nYou and your employee will be sent a letter every year to remind you how much must be paid and when.\n\n## Deductions for administrative costs\n\nYou can take up to \u00a31 towards administrative costs for each deduction, on top of the amount asked for on the DEO. You can take it even if it reduces your employee\u2019s income below the protected earnings proportion or protected earnings rate.\n\n## Inform your employee\n\nYou must inform your employee in writing about each deduction when they are given their pay statement. Include the amount (if any) you deduct towards your expenses.\n\nIf pay statements are not usually given, you should inform your employee in writing. You should do this no later than the employee\u2019s pay day after the deduction was made.\n\n## If you pay the wrong amount\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if you find a mistake in the amount you\u2019ve paid. You can either:\n\n- use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\n- call the employer payment team\n\n## Change of circumstances for DEOs\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if your employee\u2019s circumstances change.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\n- call the employer helpline\n\nIf your business stops trading, or if your employee leaves your employment, you must tell the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days.\n\nYou should also tell them if your employee changes their hours.\n\nYou and your employee will be sent a revised deduction from earnings order (DEO).\n\n## If the Child Maintenance Service cancels a DEO\n\nThey will write to you and your employee to tell you the DEO has been cancelled. They will ask you to stop taking deductions from the date of the letter.\n\nYou must only stop taking deductions if you\u2019re told in writing.\n\n## If you do not help with DEOs or AEOs\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3250 or sent to prison for up to 14 days if you do not do what an attachment of earnings order (AEO) says you should do.\n\nIf you\u2019ve got a deduction from earnings order (DEO) it\u2019s an offence to:\n\n- not provide information when it\u2019s required\n\n- make a false statement or representation\n\n- knowingly provide false information\n\n- delay or obstruct an inspector on purpose\n\n- refuse or fail to answer any questions or supply any information or to produce any document when it\u2019s asked for\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service sometimes sends inspectors to interview \u2018paying parents\u2019 at work. You must let them interview your employee.\n\nThe \u2018paying parent\u2019 is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re found guilty of any of these offences.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service can ask you to:

    ", + "
  • give information about your employee so they can work out the right amount of child maintenance
    • ", + "
  • set up a deduction from earnings order (DEO)
    • ", + "
  • answer enquiries from other organisations who collect payments of child maintenance on their behalf
    • ", + "

    You may also be given an attachment of earnings order (AEO) by a court.

    ", + "

    Your legal obligations when deducting child maintenance

    ", + "

    By law, you must:

    ", + "
  • give information to the Child Maintenance Service if you\u2019re asked to
    • ", + "
  • send payments as soon as possible, to arrive no later than the 19th day of the month following the month you made the deduction
    • ", + "
  • tell the Child Maintenance Service immediately if there are any problems with taking payments from a paying parent\u2019s earnings
    • ", + "
  • make regular payments - if you do not send payments and do not explain why, you could be taken to court
    • ", + "

    The paying parent is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.

    ", + "

    You must report a change of circumstances to the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days. For example, if:

    ", + "
  • an employee leaves your business
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re asked to set up a deduction from earnings order (DEO) for someone who does not work for you
    • ", + "

    You can report changes online or by phone.

    ", + "

    Use the Child Maintenance Service online

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve ever managed a case through the Child Maintenance Service, you can register for the online service. The service lets you:

    ", + "
  • see all deductions
    • ", + "
  • report and make changes
    • ", + "
  • send messages
    • ", + "
  • see important information you\u2019ve been sent
    • ", + "

    Call the Child Maintenance Service

    ", + "

    You can call the Child Maintenance Service if you have questions or need to report a change.

    ", + "

    Deduction from earnings orders (DEOs)

    ", + "

    Deduction from earnings orders (DEOs) are a way of collecting child maintenance directly from a paying parent\u2019s earnings or pension.

    ", + "

    The paying parent is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll get a DEO

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a deduction from earnings order (DEO) if one of your employees is a paying parent who:

    ", + "
  • chooses to pay child maintenance direct from their earnings
    • ", + "
  • does not pay child maintenance owed
    • ", + "
  • does not pay the correct amount
    • ", + "
  • does not pay on time
    • ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You must deduct the amount of child maintenance stated on the DEO from your employee\u2019s net earnings or their pension and pay it to the Child Maintenance Service. This will include any arrears that are due.

    ", + "

    Other court orders against your employee

    ", + "

    You could get a DEO from the Child Maintenance Service and an attachment of earnings order (AEO) from a court.

    ", + "

    How to calculate deductions

    ", + "

    The deduction from earnings order (DEO) will show 2 rates.

    ", + "Rate | What it means", + "Normal deduction rate (NDR) | The amount your employee owes in child maintenance. You\u2019ll deduct this from their pay.", + "Protected earnings rate (PER) or protected earnings proportion (PEP) | The minimum pay you must make sure your employee takes home after all deductions have been made.", + "

    The PER applies to cases opened before 3 March 2003. The PEP applies to cases opened from 3 March 2003.

    ", + "

    You must make sure that your deduction leaves your employee with the amount of their protected earnings, unless the deduction is for administrative costs.

    ", + "

    How much to deduct

    ", + "

    You may not always be able to deduct the full NDR from your employee\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    This depends on how much they have left in net earnings once you\u2019ve taken in account their PER or PEP.

    ", + "

    You can deduct up to \u00a31 for administration costs.

    ", + "

    If you cannot deduct the full NDR

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • keep a record of the shortfall
    • ", + "
  • carry forward the shortfall to the next period
    • ", + "
  • send any deduction you\u2019ve been able to make to the court or Child Maintenance Service
    • ", + "

    You then deduct the full amount of the shortfall plus the NDR owed for the next pay period. You must still leave your employee with the PER or PEP.

    ", + "

    If the shortfall is carried forward for several weeks before being repaid, keep a record of the ongoing shortfall.

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service or court may need to review an NDR if an employee consistently cannot pay it.

    ", + "

    If you pay your employee holiday pay in advance

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to:

    ", + "
  • calculate your employee\u2019s total net earnings for the pay period
    • ", + "
  • multiply the PER or PEP and the NDR by the number of weeks in the pay period
    • ", + "
  • set aside the combined PER or PEP and take off the combined NDR in the usual way
    • ", + "

    If you get more than one DEO or AEO for an employee

    ", + "

    Sometimes a paying parent has more than one case and is paying child maintenance for children by different receiving parents.

    ", + "

    The receiving parent has main day-to-day care of the child. The paying parent does not have main day-to-day care.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay AEOs in the order of the date of issue, so you might have to finish deducting payments for one before another.

    ", + "

    AEOs for maintenance have to be paid before AEOs for civil debts.

    ", + "

    What counts as earnings

    ", + "

    A deduction from earnings order (DEO) or an attachment of earnings order (AEO) can only be made from the following earnings:

    ", + "
  • wages, fees, bonus, commission, overtime pay or any payments on top of wages
    • ", + "
  • private or occupational pensions and compensation payments
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual sick pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual maternity pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual paternity pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual adoption pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual redundancy pay
    • ", + "

    Statutory pay is money that your employees are entitled to by law. Contractual pay is what you agree with your employees over and above statutory pay.

    ", + "

    What does not count as earnings

    ", + "

    Your employee cannot pay child maintenance by DEO or AEO if their only earnings are in the following categories:

    ", + "
  • amounts paid by a public department of the government of Northern Ireland or any country outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • any social security pension, allowance or benefit
    • ", + "
  • tax credits
    • ", + "
  • any pension or allowance paid for disability
    • ", + "
  • guaranteed minimum pension within the Social Security Pensions Act 1975
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Paternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Redundancy Pay
    • ", + "

    Make DEO payments

    ", + "

    You can be prosecuted if you do not pay the amount on a deduction from earnings order (DEO).

    ", + "

    You can make\u00a0DEO\u00a0payments by using the Banks Automated Clearing System (BACS). The Child Maintenance Service can help you set it up.

    ", + "

    Pay online

    ", + "

    You can manage your Child Maintenance Service payments online.

    ", + "

    You should send a single bulk BACS payment for all the employees you make a deduction from. You\u2019ll get a monthly schedule.

    ", + "

    Pay by other methods

    ", + "

    You can also pay by:

    ", + "
  • internet banking
    • ", + "
  • telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • cheque (made payable to \u2018The Child Maintenance Service\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Account details to use

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name | Account code | Transaction code", + "60 70 80 | 10026584 | DWP CMG Employers | 0 | 99", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give the employer reference number. It will be a 12 digit number starting with 5.

    ", + "

    When to pay

    ", + "

    You should send a payment to the Child Maintenance Service so it gets there no later than the 19th day of the month following the month that you took it.

    ", + "

    You and your employee will be sent a letter every year to remind you how much must be paid and when.

    ", + "

    Deductions for administrative costs

    ", + "

    You can take up to \u00a31 towards administrative costs for each deduction, on top of the amount asked for on the DEO. You can take it even if it reduces your employee\u2019s income below the protected earnings proportion or protected earnings rate.

    ", + "

    Inform your employee

    ", + "

    You must inform your employee in writing about each deduction when they are given their pay statement. Include the amount (if any) you deduct towards your expenses.

    ", + "

    If pay statements are not usually given, you should inform your employee in writing. You should do this no later than the employee\u2019s pay day after the deduction was made.

    ", + "

    If you pay the wrong amount

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service if you find a mistake in the amount you\u2019ve paid. You can either:

    ", + "
  • use the Child Maintenance Service online
    • ", + "
  • call the employer payment team
    • ", + "

    Change of circumstances for DEOs

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service if your employee\u2019s circumstances change.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • use the Child Maintenance Service online
    • ", + "
  • call the employer helpline
    • ", + "

    If your business stops trading, or if your employee leaves your employment, you must tell the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days.

    ", + "

    You should also tell them if your employee changes their hours.

    ", + "

    You and your employee will be sent a revised deduction from earnings order (DEO).

    ", + "

    If the Child Maintenance Service cancels a DEO

    ", + "

    They will write to you and your employee to tell you the DEO has been cancelled. They will ask you to stop taking deductions from the date of the letter.

    ", + "

    You must only stop taking deductions if you\u2019re told in writing.

    ", + "

    If you do not help with DEOs or AEOs

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a3250 or sent to prison for up to 14 days if you do not do what an attachment of earnings order (AEO) says you should do.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve got a deduction from earnings order (DEO) it\u2019s an offence to:

    ", + "
  • not provide information when it\u2019s required
    • ", + "
  • make a false statement or representation
    • ", + "
  • knowingly provide false information
    • ", + "
  • delay or obstruct an inspector on purpose
    • ", + "
  • refuse or fail to answer any questions or supply any information or to produce any document when it\u2019s asked for
    • ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service sometimes sends inspectors to interview \u2018paying parents\u2019 at work. You must let them interview your employee.

    ", + "

    The \u2018paying parent\u2019 is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re found guilty of any of these offences.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/debt-deductions-from-employee-pay": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/debt-deductions-from-employee-pay", + "title": "Make debt deductions from an employee's pay", + "content": "## When you have to deduct from pay\n\nYou have to make deductions from your employee\u2019s wages if a court orders you to. This could be to pay off:\n\n- unpaid maintenance payments\n\n- a county court judgment\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you have to make deductions to pay off a benefit debt or child maintenance.\n\n## How it works\n\n- You\u2019ll get a document from the court telling you to make deductions from your employee\u2019s pay.\n\n- Work out how much you have to deduct each time your employee is paid.\n\n- Start making deductions the next time you pay your employee. Pay them their reduced wages on their normal payday.\n\n- Make the payment to the court.\n\n- Stop making deductions when the debt has been paid off.\n\nYou and your employee can be fined if you do not deduct their wages, or if you deliberately give false information about their earnings.\n\n## Getting an order\n\nYou and your employee will each get an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019 (AEO) from the court.\n\nYou must start making deductions from your employee\u2019s pay from the next time you pay them, unless it\u2019s within the next 7 days.\n\nWrite to the court within 10 days if you get an order for someone you do not employ.\n\n## What the order tells you\n\nThe court order will tell you:\n\n- how much your employee owes\n\n- if it\u2019s a \u2018priority order\u2019 - if it does not say what it is, it\u2019s a \u2018non-priority order\u2019\n\n- how much you have to take from their wages - called the \u2018normal deduction rate\u2019 (NDR)\n\n- the minimum amount they still have to take home - called the \u2018protected earnings rate\u2019 (PER)\n\n- how often the payments have to be made (weekly or monthly)\n\nYou can be fined if you do not start making the deductions.\n\n## Change how often the deductions are made\n\nIf a county court made the order, you can ask them to change it, for example from weekly to monthly if that\u2019s how you pay your employee.\n\nIf a magistrate\u2019s court made the order, your employee has to ask the court to change it.\n\n## Deductions and minimum take-home pay\n\nYou cannot make the normal deduction if it would take the employee below the protected earnings rate.\n\n## Protected earnings rate is too high\n\nIf the protected earnings rate is so high that you\u2019ll never be able to make deductions, write to both:\n\n- the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office\n\n- the court who issued the order\n\nInclude the:\n\n- court case number\n\n- attachment of earnings order number\n\n- name of the employee\n\n## Priority and non-priority orders\n\nThere are 2 types of orders - priority orders and non-priority orders. The way you calculate deductions for them is different.\n\n| Type of order | What it\u2019s used for | If you cannot make the full deduction |\n\n| Priority | Maintenance or fines | Carry the unpaid difference over to the next payday |\n\n| Non-priority | Civil debts | Do not carry the unpaid difference over to the next payday |\n\n## If your employee has more than one order\n\nDeduct any priority orders first, in the order the employee got them. Then deduct the non-priority orders in the order the employee got them.\n\nYou can apply to the court to combine 2 or more non-priority orders into a single order. This is called a \u2018consolidated attachment of earnings order\u2019.\n\n## Deductions for a priority order\n\nPriority orders are used for unpaid maintenance or fines.\n\n- Calculate your employee\u2019s earnings.\n\n- Take off the normal deduction rate from their earnings.\n\n- Take off an extra \u00a31 towards your administrative costs (if you want to).\n\n- Pay your employee the remainder of their earnings. You must pay them at least their protected earnings rate (this is given in the order). If you cannot deduct the full amount, carry the difference over and deduct it on the next payday.\n\n- Send the deduction to the court.\n\nYou can still deduct the \u00a31 if it takes your employee\u2019s income below their protected earnings rate - but not if it takes their income below the National Minimum Wage.\n\n## Making a full deduction\n\nDeduct the full amount from your employee\u2019s earnings if it does not take them below their protected earnings rates.\n\n## When you cannot make a full deduction\n\nIf the full deduction would take the employee below their protected earnings rate, carry the difference over to their next payday.\n\n## When you cannot make any deduction\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you cannot make any deduction because the employee\u2019s earnings are below their protected earnings rate.\n\nYou have to tell the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office you could not make a deduction. Send an email to caps@justice.gov.uk with the:\n\n- court case number\n\n- attachment of earnings order number\n\n- name of the employee\n\n- reason you could not make any deduction\n\n## Paying your employee for a different pay period\n\nRecalculate the protected earnings rate and normal deduction rate if you pay your employee for a different period than usual.\n\n## Holiday pay in advance\n\nUse the same process if you\u2019re paying your employee holiday pay in advance.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out the different rates for:\n\n- the month when you give pay in advance\n\n- the following month when you pay them less than normal\n\n## Deductions for a non-priority order\n\nNon-priority orders are used for debts from a county court judgment (CCJ).\n\n- Calculate your employee\u2019s earnings.\n\n- Take off the normal deduction rate from their earnings.\n\n- Take off an extra \u00a31 towards your administrative costs (if you want to).\n\n- Pay your employee the remainder of their earnings. You must pay them at least their protected earnings rate.\n\n- Send the deduction to the court.\n\nYou can still deduct the \u00a31 if it takes your employee\u2019s income below their protected earnings rate - but not if it takes their income below the National Minimum Wage.\n\n## Making a full deduction\n\nDeduct the full amount from your employee\u2019s earnings if it does not take them below their protected earnings rates.\n\n## When you cannot make a full deduction\n\nDo not carry any unpaid difference over to the next payday if the full deduction would take the employee below their protected earnings rate.\n\n## When you cannot make any deduction\n\nDo not carry the deduction over to the next payday if the employee\u2019s earnings are below their protected earnings rate.\n\nYou have to tell the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office you could not make a deduction. Send an email to caps@justice.gov.uk with the:\n\n- court case number\n\n- attachment of earnings order number\n\n- name of the employee\n\n- reason you could not make any deduction\n\n## Paying your employee for a different pay period\n\nRecalculate the protected earnings rate and normal deduction rate if you pay your employee for a different period than usual.\n\n## Holiday pay in advance\n\nUse the same process if you\u2019re paying your employee holiday pay in advance.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out the different rates for:\n\n- the month when you give pay in advance\n\n- the following month when you\u2019d pay them less than normal\n\n## What counts as earnings\n\nYou can only make a deduction from the following earnings:\n\n- wages, fees, bonuses, commissions, overtime pay or any payments on top of wages\n\n- private or occupational pensions and compensation payments\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- contractual sick pay\n\n- contractual maternity pay\n\n- contractual paternity pay\n\n- contractual adoption pay\n\n- contractual redundancy pay\n\nStatutory pay is money that your employees are entitled to by law. Contractual pay is what you agree with your employees in addition to statutory pay.\n\n## What does not count as earnings\n\nYou cannot make a deduction from any of the following:\n\n- amounts paid by a department of the government of Northern Ireland or any country outside the UK\n\n- any social security pension, allowance or benefit\n\n- tax credits\n\n- any pension or allowance paid for disability\n\n- guaranteed minimum pension within the Social Security Pensions Act 1975\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\n## Making payments\n\nThe order that you get for the employee will tell you whether you have to pay:\n\n- the magistrates\u2019 court\n\n- the Centralised Attachment of Earnings Payments (CAPS) office\n\n## Tell your employee each time\n\nYou must tell your employee in writing about each deduction. Do this when you give them their payslip.\n\n## Paying the magistrates\u2019 court\n\nSend a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts & Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\nYou can pay with a single cheque if you\u2019re paying 2 or more orders issued by the same court.\n\nSome courts let you pay by Bacs transfer. Contact the court for their account details if you want to pay this way.\n\nWhen you send the payment, you must include a note of:\n\n- the employer name\n\n- the employee\u2019s name\n\n- the case number from the order\n\n- how much money you\u2019re sending\n\n## Paying the CAPS office\n\nYou can only pay by:\n\n- cheque\n\n- Bacs transfer\n\nYou cannot pay by standing order or Direct Debit.\n\n## Pay CAPS by cheque\n\nSend a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts & Tribunals Service\u2019 to CAPS.\n\n## Pay CAPS by Bacs\n\nYou must register before you can pay by Bacs. Download and fill in the registration form and email it to ntonbacs@justice.gov.uk.\n\nTo make a Bacs payment, send:\n\n- a bank payment request form to your bank\n\n- the Bacs payment schedule form to ntonbacs@justice.gov.uk\n\nThe payment will be sent back if you do not fill in the schedule correctly. You can be fined if you do not send the schedule.\n\n## Contact CAPS about a payment\n\nYou need to give these details when you contact CAPS about a payment:\n\n- case number\n\n- your name (as stated on your bank statement)\n\n- your bank account number\n\n- your sort code\n\n- amount of payment\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nWrite to the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office within 10 days if the employee stops working for you.\n\nInclude the:\n\n- court case number\n\n- attachment of earnings order number\n\n- name of the employee\n\n- date they stopped working for you\n\n- name of their new employer (if you know it)\n\n## The court changes the order\n\nThe County Court Money Claims Centre will tell you in writing if the normal deduction rate or protected earnings rate changes. They can change it for 4 weeks.\n\nWhen the 4 weeks is over, you have to go back to the original rates in the order.\n\n## The court cancels the order\n\nThe County Court Money Claims Centre will tell you in writing if the order has been \u2018discharged\u2019 (cancelled).\n\nYou can still make the deduction if you\u2019re due to pay your employee within the next 7 days. Your employee will get a refund from CAPS.\n\nYou must stop making deductions if you\u2019re due to pay your employee 7 days after you got the cancellation notice.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you have to deduct from pay

    ", + "

    You have to make deductions from your employee\u2019s wages if a court orders you to. This could be to pay off:

    ", + "
  • unpaid maintenance payments
    • ", + "
  • a county court judgment
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you have to make deductions to pay off a benefit debt or child maintenance.

    ", + "

    How it works

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a document from the court telling you to make deductions from your employee\u2019s pay.
    • ", + "
  • Work out how much you have to deduct each time your employee is paid.
    • ", + "
  • Start making deductions the next time you pay your employee. Pay them their reduced wages on their normal payday.
    • ", + "
  • Make the payment to the court.
    • ", + "
  • Stop making deductions when the debt has been paid off.
    • ", + "

    You and your employee can be fined if you do not deduct their wages, or if you deliberately give false information about their earnings.

    ", + "

    Getting an order

    ", + "

    You and your employee will each get an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019 (AEO) from the court.

    ", + "

    You must start making deductions from your employee\u2019s pay from the next time you pay them, unless it\u2019s within the next 7 days.

    ", + "

    Write to the court within 10 days if you get an order for someone you do not employ.

    ", + "

    What the order tells you

    ", + "

    The court order will tell you:

    ", + "
  • how much your employee owes
    • ", + "
  • if it\u2019s a \u2018priority order\u2019 - if it does not say what it is, it\u2019s a \u2018non-priority order\u2019
    • ", + "
  • how much you have to take from their wages - called the \u2018normal deduction rate\u2019 (NDR)
    • ", + "
  • the minimum amount they still have to take home - called the \u2018protected earnings rate\u2019 (PER)
    • ", + "
  • how often the payments have to be made (weekly or monthly)
    • ", + "

    You can be fined if you do not start making the deductions.

    ", + "

    Change how often the deductions are made

    ", + "

    If a county court made the order, you can ask them to change it, for example from weekly to monthly if that\u2019s how you pay your employee.

    ", + "

    If a magistrate\u2019s court made the order, your employee has to ask the court to change it.

    ", + "

    Deductions and minimum take-home pay

    ", + "

    You cannot make the normal deduction if it would take the employee below the protected earnings rate.

    ", + "

    Protected earnings rate is too high

    ", + "

    If the protected earnings rate is so high that you\u2019ll never be able to make deductions, write to both:

    ", + "
  • the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office
    • ", + "
  • the court who issued the order
    • ", + "

    Include the:

    ", + "
  • court case number
    • ", + "
  • attachment of earnings order number
    • ", + "
  • name of the employee
    • ", + "

    Priority and non-priority orders

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of orders - priority orders and non-priority orders. The way you calculate deductions for them is different.

    ", + "Type of order | What it\u2019s used for | If you cannot make the full deduction", + "Priority | Maintenance or fines | Carry the unpaid difference over to the next payday", + "Non-priority | Civil debts | Do not carry the unpaid difference over to the next payday", + "

    If your employee has more than one order

    ", + "

    Deduct any priority orders first, in the order the employee got them. Then deduct the non-priority orders in the order the employee got them.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the court to combine 2 or more non-priority orders into a single order. This is called a \u2018consolidated attachment of earnings order\u2019.

    ", + "

    Deductions for a priority order

    ", + "

    Priority orders are used for unpaid maintenance or fines.

    ", + "
  • Calculate your employee\u2019s earnings.
    • ", + "
  • Take off the normal deduction rate from their earnings.
    • ", + "
  • Take off an extra \u00a31 towards your administrative costs (if you want to).
    • ", + "
  • Pay your employee the remainder of their earnings. You must pay them at least their protected earnings rate (this is given in the order). If you cannot deduct the full amount, carry the difference over and deduct it on the next payday.
    • ", + "
  • Send the deduction to the court.
    • ", + "

    You can still deduct the \u00a31 if it takes your employee\u2019s income below their protected earnings rate - but not if it takes their income below the National Minimum Wage.

    ", + "

    Making a full deduction

    ", + "

    Deduct the full amount from your employee\u2019s earnings if it does not take them below their protected earnings rates.

    ", + "

    When you cannot make a full deduction

    ", + "

    If the full deduction would take the employee below their protected earnings rate, carry the difference over to their next payday.

    ", + "

    When you cannot make any deduction

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you cannot make any deduction because the employee\u2019s earnings are below their protected earnings rate.

    ", + "

    You have to tell the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office you could not make a deduction. Send an email to caps@justice.gov.uk with the:

    ", + "
  • court case number
    • ", + "
  • attachment of earnings order number
    • ", + "
  • name of the employee
    • ", + "
  • reason you could not make any deduction
    • ", + "

    Paying your employee for a different pay period

    ", + "

    Recalculate the protected earnings rate and normal deduction rate if you pay your employee for a different period than usual.

    ", + "

    Holiday pay in advance

    ", + "

    Use the same process if you\u2019re paying your employee holiday pay in advance.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out the different rates for:

    ", + "
  • the month when you give pay in advance
    • ", + "
  • the following month when you pay them less than normal
    • ", + "

    Deductions for a non-priority order

    ", + "

    Non-priority orders are used for debts from a county court judgment (CCJ).

    ", + "
  • Calculate your employee\u2019s earnings.
    • ", + "
  • Take off the normal deduction rate from their earnings.
    • ", + "
  • Take off an extra \u00a31 towards your administrative costs (if you want to).
    • ", + "
  • Pay your employee the remainder of their earnings. You must pay them at least their protected earnings rate.
    • ", + "
  • Send the deduction to the court.
    • ", + "

    You can still deduct the \u00a31 if it takes your employee\u2019s income below their protected earnings rate - but not if it takes their income below the National Minimum Wage.

    ", + "

    Making a full deduction

    ", + "

    Deduct the full amount from your employee\u2019s earnings if it does not take them below their protected earnings rates.

    ", + "

    When you cannot make a full deduction

    ", + "

    Do not carry any unpaid difference over to the next payday if the full deduction would take the employee below their protected earnings rate.

    ", + "

    When you cannot make any deduction

    ", + "

    Do not carry the deduction over to the next payday if the employee\u2019s earnings are below their protected earnings rate.

    ", + "

    You have to tell the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office you could not make a deduction. Send an email to caps@justice.gov.uk with the:

    ", + "
  • court case number
    • ", + "
  • attachment of earnings order number
    • ", + "
  • name of the employee
    • ", + "
  • reason you could not make any deduction
    • ", + "

    Paying your employee for a different pay period

    ", + "

    Recalculate the protected earnings rate and normal deduction rate if you pay your employee for a different period than usual.

    ", + "

    Holiday pay in advance

    ", + "

    Use the same process if you\u2019re paying your employee holiday pay in advance.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out the different rates for:

    ", + "
  • the month when you give pay in advance
    • ", + "
  • the following month when you\u2019d pay them less than normal
    • ", + "

    What counts as earnings

    ", + "

    You can only make a deduction from the following earnings:

    ", + "
  • wages, fees, bonuses, commissions, overtime pay or any payments on top of wages
    • ", + "
  • private or occupational pensions and compensation payments
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual sick pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual maternity pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual paternity pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual adoption pay
    • ", + "
  • contractual redundancy pay
    • ", + "

    Statutory pay is money that your employees are entitled to by law. Contractual pay is what you agree with your employees in addition to statutory pay.

    ", + "

    What does not count as earnings

    ", + "

    You cannot make a deduction from any of the following:

    ", + "
  • amounts paid by a department of the government of Northern Ireland or any country outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • any social security pension, allowance or benefit
    • ", + "
  • tax credits
    • ", + "
  • any pension or allowance paid for disability
    • ", + "
  • guaranteed minimum pension within the Social Security Pensions Act 1975
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Paternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Redundancy Pay
    • ", + "

    Making payments

    ", + "

    The order that you get for the employee will tell you whether you have to pay:

    ", + "
  • the magistrates\u2019 court
    • ", + "
  • the Centralised Attachment of Earnings Payments (CAPS) office
    • ", + "

    Tell your employee each time

    ", + "

    You must tell your employee in writing about each deduction. Do this when you give them their payslip.

    ", + "

    Paying the magistrates\u2019 court

    ", + "

    Send a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts & Tribunals Service\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can pay with a single cheque if you\u2019re paying 2 or more orders issued by the same court.

    ", + "

    Some courts let you pay by Bacs transfer. Contact the court for their account details if you want to pay this way.

    ", + "

    When you send the payment, you must include a note of:

    ", + "
  • the employer name
    • ", + "
  • the employee\u2019s name
    • ", + "
  • the case number from the order
    • ", + "
  • how much money you\u2019re sending
    • ", + "

    Paying the CAPS office

    ", + "

    You can only pay by:

    ", + "
  • cheque
    • ", + "
  • Bacs transfer
    • ", + "

    You cannot pay by standing order or Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Pay CAPS by cheque

    ", + "

    Send a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts & Tribunals Service\u2019 to CAPS.

    ", + "

    Pay CAPS by Bacs

    ", + "

    You must register before you can pay by Bacs. Download and fill in the registration form and email it to ntonbacs@justice.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    To make a Bacs payment, send:

    ", + "
  • a bank payment request form to your bank
    • ", + "
  • the Bacs payment schedule form to ntonbacs@justice.gov.uk
    • ", + "

    The payment will be sent back if you do not fill in the schedule correctly. You can be fined if you do not send the schedule.

    ", + "

    Contact CAPS about a payment

    ", + "

    You need to give these details when you contact CAPS about a payment:

    ", + "
  • case number
    • ", + "
  • your name (as stated on your bank statement)
    • ", + "
  • your bank account number
    • ", + "
  • your sort code
    • ", + "
  • amount of payment
    • ", + "

    Change of circumstances

    ", + "

    Write to the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office within 10 days if the employee stops working for you.

    ", + "

    Include the:

    ", + "
  • court case number
    • ", + "
  • attachment of earnings order number
    • ", + "
  • name of the employee
    • ", + "
  • date they stopped working for you
    • ", + "
  • name of their new employer (if you know it)
    • ", + "

    The court changes the order

    ", + "

    The County Court Money Claims Centre will tell you in writing if the normal deduction rate or protected earnings rate changes. They can change it for 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    When the 4 weeks is over, you have to go back to the original rates in the order.

    ", + "

    The court cancels the order

    ", + "

    The County Court Money Claims Centre will tell you in writing if the order has been \u2018discharged\u2019 (cancelled).

    ", + "

    You can still make the deduction if you\u2019re due to pay your employee within the next 7 days. Your employee will get a refund from CAPS.

    ", + "

    You must stop making deductions if you\u2019re due to pay your employee 7 days after you got the cancellation notice.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/minimum-wage-different-types-work": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minimum-wage-different-types-work", + "title": "Minimum wage for different types of work", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe National Minimum Wage is worked out at an hourly rate, but it applies to all eligible workers even if they\u2019re not paid by the hour.\n\nThis means that, however someone gets paid, they still need to work out their equivalent hourly rate to see if they\u2019re getting the minimum wage.\n\nThere are different ways of checking that workers get the minimum wage depending on whether they are:\n\n- paid by the hour (known as \u2018time work\u2019)\n\n- paid an annual salary, under a contract for a basic number of hours each year (known as \u2018salaried hours\u2019)\n\n- paid by the piece - the number of things they make, or tasks they complete (known as \u2018output work\u2019)\n\n- paid in other ways (known as \u2018unmeasured work\u2019)\n\nUse the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if payments are over the minimum wage.\n\n## What counts as working time\n\nFor all types of work, include time spent:\n\n- at work and required to be working, or on standby near the workplace (but do not include rest breaks that are taken)\n\n- not working because of machine breakdown, but kept at the workplace\n\n- waiting to collect goods, meet someone for work or start a job\n\n- travelling in connection with work, including travelling from one work assignment to another\n\n- training or travelling to training\n\n- at work and under certain work-related responsibilities even when workers are allowed to sleep (whether or not a place to sleep is provided)\n\nDo not include time spent:\n\n- travelling between home and work\n\n- away from work on rest breaks, holidays, sick leave or maternity leave\n\n- on industrial action\n\n- not working but at the workplace or available for work at or near the workplace during a time when workers are allowed to sleep (and you provide a place to sleep)\n\nCall the Acas helpline for advice about the National Minimum Wage.\n\n## Paid by the hour\n\nWorkers paid according to the number of hours they are at work are classed as doing \u2018time work\u2019.\n\nFor these workers, the average hourly pay has to be at least the National Minimum Wage, worked out over the period each pay packet covers - so for a worker who gets paid once a month, this period will be 1 month.\n\nUse the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if payments are at least at the minimum wage.\n\n## Paid an annual salary\n\nMost people paid an annual salary are classed as doing \u2018salaried hours work\u2019.\n\nTo find out if they are getting the minimum wage you must work out how many basic hours they work in return for their salary.\n\nSomeone is usually doing salaried hours work if all of the following apply:\n\n- their contract states how many hours they must work in return for their salary (their basic hours)\n\n- they\u2019re paid in equal, regular instalments through the year, for example monthly or every 4 weeks\n\n- there is no more than a month between each payment\n\n- they do not get paid more than once a week\n\nIf someone is paid monthly they do not need to be paid exactly the same amount each month, but they must get the same total amount every 3 months (each quarter of the year).\n\nSalaried hours workers\u2019 contracts might not state the total number of basic hours the worker must work over the entire year, but you must be able to work this out from the contract.\n\nFor example, if a contract states the days of the week someone is expected to work and the basic hours for each day, you can use this to work out the total basic hours someone is expected to work over the year.\n\nYou can then use this figure to make sure the rate of pay is at least the minimum wage.\n\n## Work out the hourly rate\n\n- Find the basic annual hours in the worker\u2019s contract.\n\n- Divide this by the number of times they get paid each year (for example 12 if they get paid monthly) - this gives you the average number of hours covered by each pay packet.\n\n- Divide the amount they get in each pay packet by this number (average hours). This gives you the worker\u2019s hourly rate.\n\nIf you know how many basic hours someone works for each payment they get, you can use the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if they\u2019re paid the minimum wage.\n\n## Extra hours\n\nEmployers must pay at least the minimum wage for any hours worked in addition to what\u2019s agreed in the worker\u2019s contract.\n\n## Other salaried workers\n\nSome people paid a salary may not be salaried hours workers, for example if there is more than a month between each payment.\n\nThese people are usually classed as doing \u2018time work\u2019 when working out if they are paid minimum wage or not.\n\n## Paid per task or piece of work done\n\nWorkers paid per task they perform or piece of work they do (known as piece work) are classed as doing \u2018output work\u2019.\n\nThey must be paid either:\n\n- at least the minimum wage for every hour worked\n\n- a \u2018fair rate\u2019 for each task or piece of work they do\n\nOutput work can usually only be used in limited situations when the employer does not know which hours the worker does (such as with some home workers).\n\nThe work is not classed as output work if the employer sets either:\n\n- a minimum or maximum time the worker must work\n\n- the start and finish times for a period of work\n\nIf the employer sets the times of work this counts as \u2018time work\u2019.\n\n## Fair rate\n\nThe fair rate is the amount that must be paid for each piece of work, to make sure someone working at an average speed is paid at least the minimum wage per hour.\n\nThere is a way to work out the fair rate per piece of work done which employers must follow.\n\n## Work out the average rate of work per hour\n\nEmployers must carry out a fair test to find out how many tasks or pieces an average worker completes in an hour (the average rate of work).\n\n- Test some or all of the workers. The group you test must be typical of the whole workforce - not just the most efficient or fastest ones.\n\n- Work out how many pieces of work have been completed in a normal working hour.\n\n- Divide this by the number of workers to work out the average rate.\n\n- If the work changes significantly, do another test to work out the new average rate. It\u2019s not necessary to do another test if the same work is being done in a different environment, for example work previously done in a factory being done at home.\n\n## Work out the fair rate\n\n- Divide the average rate of work by 1.2 (this means new workers will not be disadvantaged if they\u2019re not as fast as the others yet).\n\n- Divide the hourly minimum wage rate by that number to work out the fair rate for each piece of work completed.\n\nIf an agricultural worker was employed before 2013 or is in Wales, they may be entitled to the Agricultural Minimum Wage. There are also different rules and rates for agricultural workers in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Give notice of fair rate\n\nTo use a fair rate an employer must give each worker a written notice before they start work for the first time.\n\nThe notice must:\n\n- say that the worker will be paid for producing a piece of work or completing a task, for example picking a certain amount of fruit\n\n- say that to calculate whether minimum wage is being paid it\u2019s assumed the task will take an average time to complete\n\n- confirm if the average time to complete the task has been tested or is an estimate\n\n- say how many tasks or pieces of work it\u2019s assumed someone can complete in an hour\n\n- give the amount to be paid for each piece that the worker completes\n\n- include the ACAS helpline number, which is 0300 123 1100\n\nIf employers do not give a worker a complete notice then the worker is entitled to be paid by the hour instead.\n\n## Paid in other ways (unmeasured work)\n\nIf the work is not covered by any of the other types of work, it\u2019s \u2018unmeasured work\u2019.\n\nUnmeasured work includes being paid a set amount to do a particular task, for instance being paid \u00a3500 to lay a patio, regardless of how long it takes.\n\nTo work out the minimum wage for unmeasured work, either:\n\n- record every hour worked and use the National Minimum Wage calculator to make sure the worker gets the minimum wage\n\n- make a \u2018daily average agreement of hours\u2019\n\n## Daily average agreement of hours\n\nThis is when the employer and worker agree a typical number of hours per day they expect to work on average. One agreement can cover several pay reference periods (for example, weeks if the worker\u2019s paid weekly) if there\u2019s no change in the average number of hours.\n\nDaily average agreements of hours must:\n\n- be agreed in writing\n\n- be made before the start of the pay reference period they cover\n\n- say how many hours the work should take each day (on average)\n\nThe employer must be able to prove that the number of hours worked on average is realistic.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The National Minimum Wage is worked out at an hourly rate, but it applies to all eligible workers even if they\u2019re not paid by the hour.

    ", + "

    This means that, however someone gets paid, they still need to work out their equivalent hourly rate to see if they\u2019re getting the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    There are different ways of checking that workers get the minimum wage depending on whether they are:

    ", + "
  • paid by the hour (known as \u2018time work\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • paid an annual salary, under a contract for a basic number of hours each year (known as \u2018salaried hours\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • paid by the piece - the number of things they make, or tasks they complete (known as \u2018output work\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • paid in other ways (known as \u2018unmeasured work\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Use the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if payments are over the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    What counts as working time

    ", + "

    For all types of work, include time spent:

    ", + "
  • at work and required to be working, or on standby near the workplace (but do not include rest breaks that are taken)
    • ", + "
  • not working because of machine breakdown, but kept at the workplace
    • ", + "
  • waiting to collect goods, meet someone for work or start a job
    • ", + "
  • travelling in connection with work, including travelling from one work assignment to another
    • ", + "
  • training or travelling to training
    • ", + "
  • at work and under certain work-related responsibilities even when workers are allowed to sleep (whether or not a place to sleep is provided)
    • ", + "

    Do not include time spent:

    ", + "
  • travelling between home and work
    • ", + "
  • away from work on rest breaks, holidays, sick leave or maternity leave
    • ", + "
  • on industrial action
    • ", + "
  • not working but at the workplace or available for work at or near the workplace during a time when workers are allowed to sleep (and you provide a place to sleep)
    • ", + "

    Call the Acas helpline for advice about the National Minimum Wage.

    ", + "

    Paid by the hour

    ", + "

    Workers paid according to the number of hours they are at work are classed as doing \u2018time work\u2019.

    ", + "

    For these workers, the average hourly pay has to be at least the National Minimum Wage, worked out over the period each pay packet covers - so for a worker who gets paid once a month, this period will be 1 month.

    ", + "

    Use the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if payments are at least at the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Paid an annual salary

    ", + "

    Most people paid an annual salary are classed as doing \u2018salaried hours work\u2019.

    ", + "

    To find out if they are getting the minimum wage you must work out how many basic hours they work in return for their salary.

    ", + "

    Someone is usually doing salaried hours work if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • their contract states how many hours they must work in return for their salary (their basic hours)
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re paid in equal, regular instalments through the year, for example monthly or every 4 weeks
    • ", + "
  • there is no more than a month between each payment
    • ", + "
  • they do not get paid more than once a week
    • ", + "

    If someone is paid monthly they do not need to be paid exactly the same amount each month, but they must get the same total amount every 3 months (each quarter of the year).

    ", + "

    Salaried hours workers\u2019 contracts might not state the total number of basic hours the worker must work over the entire year, but you must be able to work this out from the contract.

    ", + "

    For example, if a contract states the days of the week someone is expected to work and the basic hours for each day, you can use this to work out the total basic hours someone is expected to work over the year.

    ", + "

    You can then use this figure to make sure the rate of pay is at least the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Work out the hourly rate

    ", + "
  • Find the basic annual hours in the worker\u2019s contract.
    • ", + "
  • Divide this by the number of times they get paid each year (for example 12 if they get paid monthly) - this gives you the average number of hours covered by each pay packet.
    • ", + "
  • Divide the amount they get in each pay packet by this number (average hours). This gives you the worker\u2019s hourly rate.
    • ", + "

    If you know how many basic hours someone works for each payment they get, you can use the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if they\u2019re paid the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Extra hours

    ", + "

    Employers must pay at least the minimum wage for any hours worked in addition to what\u2019s agreed in the worker\u2019s contract.

    ", + "

    Other salaried workers

    ", + "

    Some people paid a salary may not be salaried hours workers, for example if there is more than a month between each payment.

    ", + "

    These people are usually classed as doing \u2018time work\u2019 when working out if they are paid minimum wage or not.

    ", + "

    Paid per task or piece of work done

    ", + "

    Workers paid per task they perform or piece of work they do (known as piece work) are classed as doing \u2018output work\u2019.

    ", + "

    They must be paid either:

    ", + "
  • at least the minimum wage for every hour worked
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018fair rate\u2019 for each task or piece of work they do
    • ", + "

    Output work can usually only be used in limited situations when the employer does not know which hours the worker does (such as with some home workers).

    ", + "

    The work is not classed as output work if the employer sets either:

    ", + "
  • a minimum or maximum time the worker must work
    • ", + "
  • the start and finish times for a period of work
    • ", + "

    If the employer sets the times of work this counts as \u2018time work\u2019.

    ", + "

    Fair rate

    ", + "

    The fair rate is the amount that must be paid for each piece of work, to make sure someone working at an average speed is paid at least the minimum wage per hour.

    ", + "

    There is a way to work out the fair rate per piece of work done which employers must follow.

    ", + "

    Work out the average rate of work per hour

    ", + "

    Employers must carry out a fair test to find out how many tasks or pieces an average worker completes in an hour (the average rate of work).

    ", + "
  • Test some or all of the workers. The group you test must be typical of the whole workforce - not just the most efficient or fastest ones.
    • ", + "
  • Work out how many pieces of work have been completed in a normal working hour.
    • ", + "
  • Divide this by the number of workers to work out the average rate.
    • ", + "
  • If the work changes significantly, do another test to work out the new average rate. It\u2019s not necessary to do another test if the same work is being done in a different environment, for example work previously done in a factory being done at home.
    • ", + "

    Work out the fair rate

    ", + "
  • Divide the average rate of work by 1.2 (this means new workers will not be disadvantaged if they\u2019re not as fast as the others yet).
    • ", + "
  • Divide the hourly minimum wage rate by that number to work out the fair rate for each piece of work completed.
    • ", + "

    If an agricultural worker was employed before 2013 or is in Wales, they may be entitled to the Agricultural Minimum Wage. There are also different rules and rates for agricultural workers in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Give notice of fair rate

    ", + "

    To use a fair rate an employer must give each worker a written notice before they start work for the first time.

    ", + "

    The notice must:

    ", + "
  • say that the worker will be paid for producing a piece of work or completing a task, for example picking a certain amount of fruit
    • ", + "
  • say that to calculate whether minimum wage is being paid it\u2019s assumed the task will take an average time to complete
    • ", + "
  • confirm if the average time to complete the task has been tested or is an estimate
    • ", + "
  • say how many tasks or pieces of work it\u2019s assumed someone can complete in an hour
    • ", + "
  • give the amount to be paid for each piece that the worker completes
    • ", + "
  • include the ACAS helpline number, which is 0300 123 1100
    • ", + "

    If employers do not give a worker a complete notice then the worker is entitled to be paid by the hour instead.

    ", + "

    Paid in other ways (unmeasured work)

    ", + "

    If the work is not covered by any of the other types of work, it\u2019s \u2018unmeasured work\u2019.

    ", + "

    Unmeasured work includes being paid a set amount to do a particular task, for instance being paid \u00a3500 to lay a patio, regardless of how long it takes.

    ", + "

    To work out the minimum wage for unmeasured work, either:

    ", + "
  • record every hour worked and use the National Minimum Wage calculator to make sure the worker gets the minimum wage
    • ", + "
  • make a \u2018daily average agreement of hours\u2019
    • ", + "

    Daily average agreement of hours

    ", + "

    This is when the employer and worker agree a typical number of hours per day they expect to work on average. One agreement can cover several pay reference periods (for example, weeks if the worker\u2019s paid weekly) if there\u2019s no change in the average number of hours.

    ", + "

    Daily average agreements of hours must:

    ", + "
  • be agreed in writing
    • ", + "
  • be made before the start of the pay reference period they cover
    • ", + "
  • say how many hours the work should take each day (on average)
    • ", + "

    The employer must be able to prove that the number of hours worked on average is realistic.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-accommodation": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-accommodation", + "title": "National Minimum Wage and Living Wage: accommodation", + "content": "## Accommodation rates\n\nAccommodation provided by an employer can be taken into account when calculating the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nNo other kind of company benefit (such as food, a car, childcare vouchers) counts towards the minimum wage.\n\n## Accommodation offset rates\n\nThe accommodation rates are set in April each year.\n\n| Year | Daily accommodation offset rate | Weekly accommodation offset rate |\n\n| April 2021 (current rate) | \u00a38.36 | \u00a358.52 |\n\n## Previous rates\n\n| Year | Daily accommodation offset rate | Weekly accommodation offset rate |\n\n| 2020 | \u00a38.20 | \u00a357.40 |\n\n| 2019 | \u00a37.55 | \u00a352.85 |\n\n| 2018 | \u00a37 | \u00a349 |\n\n| 2017 | \u00a36.40 | \u00a344.80 |\n\n| 2016 (October) | \u00a36 | \u00a342 |\n\n| 2015 | \u00a35.35 | \u00a337.45 |\n\n| 2014 | \u00a35.08 | \u00a335.56 |\n\nUse the minimum wage calculator to check if it\u2019s been paid.\n\n## Using the offset rate to work out the minimum wage\n\nIf an employer charges more than the offset rate, the difference is taken off the worker\u2019s pay which counts for the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nThis means the higher the accommodation charge, the lower a worker\u2019s pay when calculating the minimum wage.\n\nIf the accommodation charge is at or below the offset rate, it does not have an effect on the worker\u2019s pay.\n\nIf the accommodation is free, the offset rate is added to the worker\u2019s pay.\n\nSee examples of accommodation rates for minimum wage calculations.\n\n## What counts as accommodation charges\n\nInclude these costs as part of your overall accommodation charges:\n\n- rent\n\n- charges for things like gas, electricity, furniture\n\n- laundry\n\n## Working out if the employer provides the accommodation\n\nThe employer is providing accommodation if any of these apply:\n\n- the accommodation comes with the job\n\n- the employer (or a connected person or company) owns or rents the property the worker lives in, even if there\u2019s no direct link between the job and the accommodation\n\n- the employer (or an owner, business partner, shareholder or director) gets a payment or benefit from the worker\u2019s landlord or a member of the landlord\u2019s family\n\nAccommodation costs count towards the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage, even if the worker does not have to use the accommodation to do the job. If the accommodation is optional, it only counts as a cost if the worker uses it.\n\n## Local housing authority and social housing providers\n\nIf someone working for a local housing authority or social housing provider gets accommodation from their work, this does not automatically count towards the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nIt only counts if the accommodation is linked to the employment. For example, a care warden who has to live on site has their accommodation linked to their job.\n\n## Higher or further education institutions\n\nAccommodation is not counted when working out the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage if it\u2019s provided by a higher or further education institution to a worker who\u2019s enrolled on a full-time course with the institution.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nCall the Acas helpline if you have any questions about workers\u2019 rights and the minimum wage.\n\n## Effect on the minimum wage\n\nThis effect of accommodation rates on the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage depends on how much an employer charges for accommodation.\n\nIt\u2019s calculated by \u2018pay period\u2019, the intervals at which someone is being paid. This can be weekly, monthly or in irregular intervals like every 10 days.\n\nIf the accommodation is free, it still affects the minimum wage. There is an offset rate of \u00a38.36 per day for this.\n\nIt does not matter if the cost of the accommodation is taken from the worker\u2019s wages beforehand or if the worker pays the cost after they get their wages.\n\n## Examples", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Accommodation rates

    ", + "

    Accommodation provided by an employer can be taken into account when calculating the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    No other kind of company benefit (such as food, a car, childcare vouchers) counts towards the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Accommodation offset rates

    ", + "

    The accommodation rates are set in April each year.

    ", + "Year | Daily accommodation offset rate | Weekly accommodation offset rate", + "April 2021 (current rate) | \u00a38.36 | \u00a358.52", + "

    Previous rates

    ", + "Year | Daily accommodation offset rate | Weekly accommodation offset rate", + "2020 | \u00a38.20 | \u00a357.40", + "2019 | \u00a37.55 | \u00a352.85", + "2018 | \u00a37 | \u00a349", + "2017 | \u00a36.40 | \u00a344.80", + "2016 (October) | \u00a36 | \u00a342", + "2015 | \u00a35.35 | \u00a337.45", + "2014 | \u00a35.08 | \u00a335.56", + "

    Use the minimum wage calculator to check if it\u2019s been paid.

    ", + "

    Using the offset rate to work out the minimum wage

    ", + "

    If an employer charges more than the offset rate, the difference is taken off the worker\u2019s pay which counts for the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    This means the higher the accommodation charge, the lower a worker\u2019s pay when calculating the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    If the accommodation charge is at or below the offset rate, it does not have an effect on the worker\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    If the accommodation is free, the offset rate is added to the worker\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    See examples of accommodation rates for minimum wage calculations.

    ", + "

    What counts as accommodation charges

    ", + "

    Include these costs as part of your overall accommodation charges:

    ", + "
  • rent
    • ", + "
  • charges for things like gas, electricity, furniture
    • ", + "
  • laundry
    • ", + "

    Working out if the employer provides the accommodation

    ", + "

    The employer is providing accommodation if any of these apply:

    ", + "
  • the accommodation comes with the job
    • ", + "
  • the employer (or a connected person or company) owns or rents the property the worker lives in, even if there\u2019s no direct link between the job and the accommodation
    • ", + "
  • the employer (or an owner, business partner, shareholder or director) gets a payment or benefit from the worker\u2019s landlord or a member of the landlord\u2019s family
    • ", + "

    Accommodation costs count towards the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage, even if the worker does not have to use the accommodation to do the job. If the accommodation is optional, it only counts as a cost if the worker uses it.

    ", + "

    Local housing authority and social housing providers

    ", + "

    If someone working for a local housing authority or social housing provider gets accommodation from their work, this does not automatically count towards the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    It only counts if the accommodation is linked to the employment. For example, a care warden who has to live on site has their accommodation linked to their job.

    ", + "

    Higher or further education institutions

    ", + "

    Accommodation is not counted when working out the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage if it\u2019s provided by a higher or further education institution to a worker who\u2019s enrolled on a full-time course with the institution.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Call the Acas helpline if you have any questions about workers\u2019 rights and the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Effect on the minimum wage

    ", + "

    This effect of accommodation rates on the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage depends on how much an employer charges for accommodation.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s calculated by \u2018pay period\u2019, the intervals at which someone is being paid. This can be weekly, monthly or in irregular intervals like every 10 days.

    ", + "

    If the accommodation is free, it still affects the minimum wage. There is an offset rate of \u00a38.36 per day for this.

    ", + "

    It does not matter if the cost of the accommodation is taken from the worker\u2019s wages beforehand or if the worker pays the cost after they get their wages.

    ", + "

    Examples

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/paye-online": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-online", + "title": "PAYE Online for employers", + "content": "## Using PAYE Online\n\nAs an employer, you need to use HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) PAYE Online service to:\n\n- check what you owe HMRC\n\n- pay your bill\n\n- see your payment history\n\n- access tax codes and notices about your employees\n\n- appeal a penalty\n\n- get alerts from HMRC when you report or pay late, or do not send the expected number of reports in a month\n\n- send expenses and benefits returns such as P46 (car), P11D and P11D(b)\n\nOnline services may be slow during busy times. Check if there are any problems with this service.\n\nSign in\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Before you start\n\nMost new employers get a login when they register as an employer online. If you do not have a login because you registered in a different way you\u2019ll need to enrol for PAYE Online separately.\n\n## Tax codes and notices\n\nHMRC sends you information about your employees through PAYE Online. You can log in to view:\n\n- tax code notices (P6 and P9)\n\n- student loan notices (SL1 and SL2)\n\n- National Insurance verification notices (NVR and NOT)\n\n- late reporting and late payment alerts (HMRC call these \u2018generic notifications\u2019)\n\nYou can also access these through some payroll software, or by using the PAYE Desktop Viewer.\n\n## Enrol if you did not register online\n\nYou only need to enrol separately for HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) PAYE Online service if you did not get a login when you registered as an employer - this is usually because you did not register online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your PAYE reference and Accounts Office reference - these are included in the letter from HMRC confirming your registration.\n\n## Enrol for PAYE Online\n\nHow you enrol depends on whether you already have an online account for other taxes, for example Corporation Tax or Self Assessment.\n\n## You already have an account\n\nSign in to your account and select \u2018PAYE for employers\u2019 from the list.\n\n## You do not have an account\n\nEnrol as a new business account holder and select \u2018Add a tax to your account\u2019 on the \u2018Business tax summary\u2019 page. You will then be able to add PAYE for employers.\n\n## PAYE Desktop Viewer\n\nPAYE Desktop Viewer is an application from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that allows you to view, search and sort large numbers of employee tax codes and notices.\n\nYou can also use it to download notices and view them offline instead of accessing them through HMRC\u2019s PAYE Online service, or your payroll software if it includes this feature.\n\n## Download PAYE Desktop Viewer", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Using PAYE Online

    ", + "

    As an employer, you need to use HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) PAYE Online service to:

    ", + "
  • check what you owe HMRC
    • ", + "
  • pay your bill
    • ", + "
  • see your payment history
    • ", + "
  • access tax codes and notices about your employees
    • ", + "
  • appeal a penalty
    • ", + "
  • get alerts from HMRC when you report or pay late, or do not send the expected number of reports in a month
    • ", + "
  • send expenses and benefits returns such as P46 (car), P11D and P11D(b)
    • ", + "

    Online services may be slow during busy times. Check if there are any problems with this service.

    ", + "

    Sign in

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Before you start

    ", + "

    Most new employers get a login when they register as an employer online. If you do not have a login because you registered in a different way you\u2019ll need to enrol for PAYE Online separately.

    ", + "

    Tax codes and notices

    ", + "

    HMRC sends you information about your employees through PAYE Online. You can log in to view:

    ", + "
  • tax code notices (P6 and P9)
    • ", + "
  • student loan notices (SL1 and SL2)
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance verification notices (NVR and NOT)
    • ", + "
  • late reporting and late payment alerts (HMRC call these \u2018generic notifications\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You can also access these through some payroll software, or by using the PAYE Desktop Viewer.

    ", + "

    Enrol if you did not register online

    ", + "

    You only need to enrol separately for HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) PAYE Online service if you did not get a login when you registered as an employer - this is usually because you did not register online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your PAYE reference and Accounts Office reference - these are included in the letter from HMRC confirming your registration.

    ", + "

    Enrol for PAYE Online

    ", + "

    How you enrol depends on whether you already have an online account for other taxes, for example Corporation Tax or Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    You already have an account

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account and select \u2018PAYE for employers\u2019 from the list.

    ", + "

    You do not have an account

    ", + "

    Enrol as a new business account holder and select \u2018Add a tax to your account\u2019 on the \u2018Business tax summary\u2019 page. You will then be able to add PAYE for employers.

    ", + "

    PAYE Desktop Viewer

    ", + "

    PAYE Desktop Viewer is an application from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that allows you to view, search and sort large numbers of employee tax codes and notices.

    ", + "

    You can also use it to download notices and view them offline instead of accessing them through HMRC\u2019s PAYE Online service, or your payroll software if it includes this feature.

    ", + "

    Download PAYE Desktop Viewer

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "title": "PAYE and payroll for employers", + "content": "## Introduction to PAYE\n\nAs an employer, you normally have to operate PAYE as part of your payroll. PAYE is HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) system to collect Income Tax and National Insurance from employment.\n\nYou do not need to register for PAYE if none of your employees are paid \u00a3120 or more a week, get expenses and benefits, have another job or get a pension. However, you must keep payroll records.\n\n## Payments and deductions\n\nWhen paying your employees through payroll you also need to make deductions for PAYE.\n\n## Payments to your employees\n\nPayments to your employees include their salary or wages, as well as things like any tips or bonuses, or statutory sick or maternity pay.\n\n## Deductions from their pay\n\nFrom these payments, you\u2019ll need to deduct tax and National Insurance for most employees. Other deductions you may need to make include student loan repayments or pension contributions.\n\n## Reporting to and paying HMRC\n\n## Reporting pay and deductions\n\nIf you run payroll yourself, you\u2019ll need to report your employees\u2019 payments and deductions to HMRC on or before each payday.\n\nYour payroll software will work out how much tax and National Insurance you owe, including an employer\u2019s National Insurance contribution on each employee\u2019s earnings above \u00a3170 a week.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send another report to claim any reduction on what you owe HMRC, for example for statutory pay.\n\n## Paying HMRC\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to view what you owe HMRC, based on your reports. You then have to pay HMRC, usually every month.\n\nIf you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.\n\n## Other things to report\n\nAs part of your regular reports, you should tell HMRC when a new employee joins and if an employee\u2019s circumstances change, for example they reach State Pension age or become a director.\n\nYou have to run annual reports at the end of the tax year - including telling HMRC about any expenses or benefits.\n\n## Choose how to run payroll\n\nIf you have to operate PAYE, you can choose how to run your payroll.\n\n## Choose how to run payroll\n\nYou can operate PAYE by either:\n\n- paying a payroll provider to do it for you\n\n- doing it yourself using payroll software\n\n## Paying a payroll provider\n\nIf you decide to pay a payroll provider (for example, a bureau or accountant) to run your payroll, you\u2019ll need to consider how much support you\u2019ll need.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for collecting and keeping records of your employee\u2019s details. Your payroll provider will need these to run payroll for you.\n\nSome payroll providers can offer you more support if you need it, for example keeping employee records, providing payslips and making payments to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nAs an employer, you\u2019re legally responsible for completing all PAYE tasks - even if you pay someone else to do them.\n\n## Running payroll yourself\n\nYou need to complete certain tasks to set up payroll and pay your employees for the first time. This includes registering as an employer with HMRC and telling them about your employees.\n\n## Exemptions to online reporting\n\nYou may be exempt from reporting payroll online if:\n\n- you\u2019re prevented from using a computer on religious grounds\n\n- you\u2019re getting care or support services for yourself or a member of your family\n\n- you\u2019re unable to send reports electronically because you\u2019re disabled, elderly or cannot access the internet\n\nHMRC has guidance if you believe you\u2019re exempt and would prefer to report on paper.\n\n## Setting up payroll\n\nIf you decide to run payroll yourself, you need to complete certain tasks to pay your employees for the first time. You can choose when and how often to pay your employees.\n\n- Register as an employer with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and get a login for PAYE Online.\n\n- Choose payroll software to record employee\u2019s details, calculate pay and deductions, and report to HMRC.\n\n- Collect and keep records.\n\n- Tell HMRC about your employees.\n\n- Record pay, make deductions and report to HMRC on or before the first payday.\n\n- Pay HMRC the tax and National Insurance you owe.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to complete certain annual reports and tasks to prepare for the next tax year, which starts on 6 April.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou must collect and keep records of:\n\n- what you pay your employees and the deductions you make\n\n- reports you make to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- payments you make to HMRC\n\n- employee leave and sickness absences\n\n- tax code notices\n\n- taxable expenses or benefits\n\n- Payroll Giving Scheme documents, including the agency contract and employee authorisation forms\n\nYour records must show you\u2019ve reported accurately, and you need to keep them for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to. HMRC may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\nThere are different rules for keeping records to prove you have paid the correct minimum wage.\n\nIf you do not keep full records, HMRC may estimate what you have to pay and charge you a penalty of up to \u00a33,000.\n\n## If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed\n\nTell HMRC as soon as possible if you do not have records and cannot replace them. You must also do your best to recreate them - HMRC may be able to help if you\u2019re not sure how much you paid your employees.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if your final payroll report of the tax year includes figures that are:\n\n- estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final\n\n- provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with actual figures\n\n## Data protection\n\nYou must follow rules on data protection if your business stores or uses personal information.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Introduction to PAYE

    ", + "

    As an employer, you normally have to operate PAYE as part of your payroll. PAYE is HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) system to collect Income Tax and National Insurance from employment.

    ", + "

    You do not need to register for PAYE if none of your employees are paid \u00a3120 or more a week, get expenses and benefits, have another job or get a pension. However, you must keep payroll records.

    ", + "

    Payments and deductions

    ", + "

    When paying your employees through payroll you also need to make deductions for PAYE.

    ", + "

    Payments to your employees

    ", + "

    Payments to your employees include their salary or wages, as well as things like any tips or bonuses, or statutory sick or maternity pay.

    ", + "

    Deductions from their pay

    ", + "

    From these payments, you\u2019ll need to deduct tax and National Insurance for most employees. Other deductions you may need to make include student loan repayments or pension contributions.

    ", + "

    Reporting to and paying HMRC

    ", + "

    Reporting pay and deductions

    ", + "

    If you run payroll yourself, you\u2019ll need to report your employees\u2019 payments and deductions to HMRC on or before each payday.

    ", + "

    Your payroll software will work out how much tax and National Insurance you owe, including an employer\u2019s National Insurance contribution on each employee\u2019s earnings above \u00a3170 a week.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send another report to claim any reduction on what you owe HMRC, for example for statutory pay.

    ", + "

    Paying HMRC

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to view what you owe HMRC, based on your reports. You then have to pay HMRC, usually every month.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.

    ", + "

    Other things to report

    ", + "

    As part of your regular reports, you should tell HMRC when a new employee joins and if an employee\u2019s circumstances change, for example they reach State Pension age or become a director.

    ", + "

    You have to run annual reports at the end of the tax year - including telling HMRC about any expenses or benefits.

    ", + "

    Choose how to run payroll

    ", + "

    If you have to operate PAYE, you can choose how to run your payroll.

    ", + "

    Choose how to run payroll

    ", + "

    You can operate PAYE by either:

    ", + "
  • paying a payroll provider to do it for you
    • ", + "
  • doing it yourself using payroll software
    • ", + "

    Paying a payroll provider

    ", + "

    If you decide to pay a payroll provider (for example, a bureau or accountant) to run your payroll, you\u2019ll need to consider how much support you\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for collecting and keeping records of your employee\u2019s details. Your payroll provider will need these to run payroll for you.

    ", + "

    Some payroll providers can offer you more support if you need it, for example keeping employee records, providing payslips and making payments to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    As an employer, you\u2019re legally responsible for completing all PAYE tasks - even if you pay someone else to do them.

    ", + "

    Running payroll yourself

    ", + "

    You need to complete certain tasks to set up payroll and pay your employees for the first time. This includes registering as an employer with HMRC and telling them about your employees.

    ", + "

    Exemptions to online reporting

    ", + "

    You may be exempt from reporting payroll online if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re prevented from using a computer on religious grounds
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re getting care or support services for yourself or a member of your family
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re unable to send reports electronically because you\u2019re disabled, elderly or cannot access the internet
    • ", + "

    HMRC has guidance if you believe you\u2019re exempt and would prefer to report on paper.

    ", + "

    Setting up payroll

    ", + "

    If you decide to run payroll yourself, you need to complete certain tasks to pay your employees for the first time. You can choose when and how often to pay your employees.

    ", + "
  • Register as an employer with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and get a login for PAYE Online.
    • ", + "
  • Choose payroll software to record employee\u2019s details, calculate pay and deductions, and report to HMRC.
    • ", + "
  • Collect and keep records.
    • ", + "
  • Tell HMRC about your employees.
    • ", + "
  • Record pay, make deductions and report to HMRC on or before the first payday.
    • ", + "
  • Pay HMRC the tax and National Insurance you owe.
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to complete certain annual reports and tasks to prepare for the next tax year, which starts on 6 April.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    You must collect and keep records of:

    ", + "
  • what you pay your employees and the deductions you make
    • ", + "
  • reports you make to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • payments you make to HMRC
    • ", + "
  • employee leave and sickness absences
    • ", + "
  • tax code notices
    • ", + "
  • taxable expenses or benefits
    • ", + "
  • Payroll Giving Scheme documents, including the agency contract and employee authorisation forms
    • ", + "

    Your records must show you\u2019ve reported accurately, and you need to keep them for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to. HMRC may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for keeping records to prove you have paid the correct minimum wage.

    ", + "

    If you do not keep full records, HMRC may estimate what you have to pay and charge you a penalty of up to \u00a33,000.

    ", + "

    If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC as soon as possible if you do not have records and cannot replace them. You must also do your best to recreate them - HMRC may be able to help if you\u2019re not sure how much you paid your employees.

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC if your final payroll report of the tax year includes figures that are:

    ", + "
  • estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final
    • ", + "
  • provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with actual figures
    • ", + "

    Data protection

    ", + "

    You must follow rules on data protection if your business stores or uses personal information.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/pay-psa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-psa", + "title": "Pay a PAYE Settlement Agreement", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must pay the tax and Class 1B National Insurance due from your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) by 22 October following the tax year it applies to.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg)\n\n## Pay online\n\nMake sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. You may have to pay penalties and interest if your payment is late.\n\nPay now\n\n## Other ways to pay\n\nYou can choose to pay in other ways. The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Up to 2 days\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n## 3 working days or more\n\n- Bacs\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit - if you have not set up one for HMRC before\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) reference number as the payment reference.\n\nIt starts with an X and is on the payslip HMRC sent you. If you do not have your PSA number, contact the office that\u2019s dealing with your application.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) reference number. It starts with an X and is on the payslip HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you.\n\nIf you do not have your PSA number, contact the HMRC office that\u2019s dealing with your application.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your PSA in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay at your branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need to use the PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) payslip sent to you by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your PSA reference number on the back of your cheque. The number starts with an X. You will find it on the payslip.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (if you pay it from Monday to Friday) and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment. This means you\u2019ll need to set up a payment each time you pay HMRC through Direct Debit.\n\n## Use your reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) reference number. It starts with an X and is on the payslip HMRC sent you.\n\nIf you do not have your PSA number, contact the HMRC office that\u2019s dealing with your application.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\nIf you pay PAYE or Class 1 National Insurance contributions by Direct Debit, make a separate Direct Debit payment for your PSA.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) reference number on the back of the cheque. It starts with an \u2018X\u2019 and you\u2019ll find it on your payslip.\n\nInclude the payslip HMRC sent you. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nIf you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.\n\n## If you do not have a payslip\n\nYou can print a payslip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nYou can check your bank or building society statement to confirm the payment has left your account.\n\nIf you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must pay the tax and Class 1B National Insurance due from your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) by 22 October following the tax year it applies to.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg)

    ", + "

    Pay online

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. You may have to pay penalties and interest if your payment is late.

    ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    Other ways to pay

    ", + "

    You can choose to pay in other ways. The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Up to 2 days

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • by debit or corporate credit card online
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    3 working days or more

    ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)
    • ", + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit - if you have not set up one for HMRC before
    • ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    You can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) reference number as the payment reference.

    ", + "

    It starts with an X and is on the payslip HMRC sent you. If you do not have your PSA number, contact the office that\u2019s dealing with your application.

    ", + "

    Do not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) reference number. It starts with an X and is on the payslip HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you.

    ", + "

    If you do not have your PSA number, contact the HMRC office that\u2019s dealing with your application.

    ", + "

    Do not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your PSA in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You can pay at your branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need to use the PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) payslip sent to you by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your PSA reference number on the back of your cheque. The number starts with an X. You will find it on the payslip.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (if you pay it from Monday to Friday) and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Set up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment. This means you\u2019ll need to set up a payment each time you pay HMRC through Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Use your reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) reference number. It starts with an X and is on the payslip HMRC sent you.

    ", + "

    If you do not have your PSA number, contact the HMRC office that\u2019s dealing with your application.

    ", + "

    Do not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    ", + "

    If you pay PAYE or Class 1 National Insurance contributions by Direct Debit, make a separate Direct Debit payment for your PSA.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) reference number on the back of the cheque. It starts with an \u2018X\u2019 and you\u2019ll find it on your payslip.

    ", + "

    Include the payslip HMRC sent you. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.

    ", + "

    If you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a payslip

    ", + "

    You can print a payslip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    You can check your bank or building society statement to confirm the payment has left your account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty", + "title": "Pay a PAYE late payment or filing penalty", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou have 30 days from the date on the PAYE late penalty notice to pay or appeal it.\n\nPay now\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- Bacs\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set up one for HMRC before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your penalty in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay at a branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need to use the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) payslip included with the late penalty or filing notice.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your penalty reference number on the back of your cheque. The reference number starts with an X. You will find it on the penalty notice sent to you by HMRC.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (if you pay it from Monday to Friday) and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your penalty reference number on the back of the cheque. It starts with an \u2018X\u2019 and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nInclude the payslip from the penalty notice. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nIf you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.\n\n## If you do not have a payslip\n\nYou can print a payslip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nView your HMRC online account to see if your payment has been received - it should update within 6 working days.\n\nYou can also check your bank or building society statement to confirm the payment has left your account.\n\nIf you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You have 30 days from the date on the PAYE late penalty notice to pay or appeal it.

    ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline.

    ", + "

    The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Same or next day

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • by debit or corporate credit card online
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)
    • ", + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set up one for HMRC before)
    • ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    You can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.

    ", + "

    Do not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account.

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you.

    ", + "

    Do not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your penalty in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You can pay at a branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need to use the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) payslip included with the late penalty or filing notice.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your penalty reference number on the back of your cheque. The reference number starts with an X. You will find it on the penalty notice sent to you by HMRC.

    ", + "

    Do not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (if you pay it from Monday to Friday) and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Set up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.

    ", + "

    Do not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.

    ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your penalty reference number on the back of the cheque. It starts with an \u2018X\u2019 and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.

    ", + "

    Include the payslip from the penalty notice. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.

    ", + "

    If you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a payslip

    ", + "

    You can print a payslip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    View your HMRC online account to see if your payment has been received - it should update within 6 working days.

    ", + "

    You can also check your bank or building society statement to confirm the payment has left your account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-1a-national-insurance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-1a-national-insurance", + "title": "Pay employers' Class 1A National Insurance", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must pay Class 1A National Insurance contributions on work benefits you give to your employees, such as a company mobile phone.\n\nYou must also pay them on payments of more than \u00a330,000 that you make to employees when their employment ends, such as a redundancy payment (\u2018termination awards\u2019).\n\nYou only have to pay Class 1A National Insurance contributions on termination awards if you have not already paid Class 1 National Insurance contributions on them.\n\nThere\u2019s different guidance on payment of Class 1A National Insurance on sporting testimonials.\n\n## When to pay\n\nWhen you pay Class 1A National Insurance contributions depends on whether they are work benefits or termination awards.\n\n## Work benefits\n\nYou need to pay contributions on work benefits by 22 July each year for the previous tax year. You\u2019ll need to pay by 19 July if paying by post.\n\n## Termination awards\n\nYou pay contributions on termination awards through PAYE.\n\n## Pay contributions on work benefits online\n\nYou can pay online using direct debit (one-off payment), bank transfer, credit card or corporate debit card.\n\nPay now\n\n## Other ways to pay contributions on work benefits\n\nMake sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. You may have to pay interest and penalties if your payment is late.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\n## Up to 2 days\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- online by debit or corporate credit card\n\n- Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up with HMRC before)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set one up with HMRC before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, your payment must arrive in HMRC\u2019s bank account on the last working day of the week (unless you\u2019re using Faster Payments).\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give a 17-character number as the payment reference. This starts with your 13-character Accounts Office reference number. Then add the tax year you want to pay for and the digits \u201813\u2019 to make sure your payment is assigned correctly.\n\n| Tax year | Add these digits to your reference number |\n\n| 2013 to 2014 | 1413 |\n\n| 2014 to 2015 | 1513 |\n\n| 2015 to 2016 | 1613 |\n\nYou can find your Accounts Office reference number on:\n\n- the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer\n\n- the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it\n\nYou must make a separate payment for Class 1A payments. You cannot add them to a standard PAYE payment.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account:\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nMake your payment to \u2018HMRC Cumbernauld\u2019 office. You\u2019ll need to give a 17-character payment reference. This starts with your 13-character Accounts Office reference number. You can find this on:\n\n- the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you when you first registered as an employer\n\n- the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it\n\nAdd the tax year you want to pay for and the digits \u201813\u2019. If you do not do this, your payment will be allocated to the current tax year instead.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your Class 1A National Insurance bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your Class 1A payslip reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip provided by HMRC.\n\nYou must use your Class 1A payslip when paying in. Do not use a standard PAYE payslip from your booklet or your payment will be delayed.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a new Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment for Class 1A contributions.\n\nYou cannot use an existing Direct Debit for standard PAYE payments.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to set up a payment each time you pay HMRC through Direct Debit.\n\n## Making the payment\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give a 17-character payment reference. This starts with your 13-character Accounts Office reference number. You can find this on:\n\n- the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer\n\n- the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it\n\nAdd the tax year you want to pay for and the digits \u201813\u2019. If you do not do this, your payment will be allocated to the current tax year instead.\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your Class 1A reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find this on your payslip.\n\nInclude the payslip HMRC sent you. You cannot use a standard PAYE payslip from your booklet. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nIf you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.\n\n## If you do not have a payslip\n\nYou can print a payslip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nCheck your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account - it should update within 6 working days.\n\nIf you\u2019re paying by cheque through the post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.\n\n## Class 1A contributions on sporting testimonials\n\nA sporting testimonial is an event or series of events to honour a player for their service, such as when the player retires.\n\nThe testimonial committee must pay Class 1A National Insurance if the payment to a player is:\n\n- more than \u00a3100,000\n\n- not in the player\u2019s contract\n\nThe payment is usually the profit from the event.\n\nThe committee must pay the contributions on the payment through PAYE.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must pay Class 1A National Insurance contributions on work benefits you give to your employees, such as a company mobile phone.

    ", + "

    You must also pay them on payments of more than \u00a330,000 that you make to employees when their employment ends, such as a redundancy payment (\u2018termination awards\u2019).

    ", + "

    You only have to pay Class 1A National Insurance contributions on termination awards if you have not already paid Class 1 National Insurance contributions on them.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s different guidance on payment of Class 1A National Insurance on sporting testimonials.

    ", + "

    When to pay

    ", + "

    When you pay Class 1A National Insurance contributions depends on whether they are work benefits or termination awards.

    ", + "

    Work benefits

    ", + "

    You need to pay contributions on work benefits by 22 July each year for the previous tax year. You\u2019ll need to pay by 19 July if paying by post.

    ", + "

    Termination awards

    ", + "

    You pay contributions on termination awards through PAYE.

    ", + "

    Pay contributions on work benefits online

    ", + "

    You can pay online using direct debit (one-off payment), bank transfer, credit card or corporate debit card.

    ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    Other ways to pay contributions on work benefits

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. You may have to pay interest and penalties if your payment is late.

    ", + "

    The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    Up to 2 days

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • online by debit or corporate credit card
    • ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up with HMRC before)
    • ", + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set one up with HMRC before)
    • ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, your payment must arrive in HMRC\u2019s bank account on the last working day of the week (unless you\u2019re using Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    You can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give a 17-character number as the payment reference. This starts with your 13-character Accounts Office reference number. Then add the tax year you want to pay for and the digits \u201813\u2019 to make sure your payment is assigned correctly.

    ", + "Tax year | Add these digits to your reference number", + "2013 to 2014 | 1413", + "2014 to 2015 | 1513", + "2015 to 2016 | 1613", + "

    You can find your Accounts Office reference number on:

    ", + "
  • the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer
    • ", + "
  • the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it
    • ", + "

    You must make a separate payment for Class 1A payments. You cannot add them to a standard PAYE payment.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    Use these details to pay from an overseas account:

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    Make your payment to \u2018HMRC Cumbernauld\u2019 office. You\u2019ll need to give a 17-character payment reference. This starts with your 13-character Accounts Office reference number. You can find this on:

    ", + "
  • the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you when you first registered as an employer
    • ", + "
  • the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it
    • ", + "

    Add the tax year you want to pay for and the digits \u201813\u2019. If you do not do this, your payment will be allocated to the current tax year instead.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your Class 1A National Insurance bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your Class 1A payslip reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip provided by HMRC.

    ", + "

    You must use your Class 1A payslip when paying in. Do not use a standard PAYE payslip from your booklet or your payment will be delayed.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Set up a new Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment for Class 1A contributions.

    ", + "

    You cannot use an existing Direct Debit for standard PAYE payments.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to set up a payment each time you pay HMRC through Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Making the payment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give a 17-character payment reference. This starts with your 13-character Accounts Office reference number. You can find this on:

    ", + "
  • the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer
    • ", + "
  • the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it
    • ", + "

    Add the tax year you want to pay for and the digits \u201813\u2019. If you do not do this, your payment will be allocated to the current tax year instead.

    ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your Class 1A reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find this on your payslip.

    ", + "

    Include the payslip HMRC sent you. You cannot use a standard PAYE payslip from your booklet. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.

    ", + "

    If you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a payslip

    ", + "

    You can print a payslip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    Check your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account - it should update within 6 working days.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying by cheque through the post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.

    ", + "

    Class 1A contributions on sporting testimonials

    ", + "

    A sporting testimonial is an event or series of events to honour a player for their service, such as when the player retires.

    ", + "

    The testimonial committee must pay Class 1A National Insurance if the payment to a player is:

    ", + "
  • more than \u00a3100,000
    • ", + "
  • not in the player\u2019s contract
    • ", + "

    The payment is usually the profit from the event.

    ", + "

    The committee must pay the contributions on the payment through PAYE.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-tax": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-tax", + "title": "Pay employers' PAYE", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must pay your PAYE bill to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by:\n\n- the 22nd of the next tax month if you pay monthly\n\n- the 22nd after the end of the quarter if you pay quarterly - for example, 22 July for the 6 April to 5 July quarter\n\nPay now\n\nIf you pay by cheque through the post the deadline is the 19th of the month.\n\n## What you\u2019re paying\n\nYour PAYE bill may include:\n\n- employee Income Tax deductions\n\n- Class 1 and 1B National Insurance\n\n- Class 1A National Insurance on termination awards and sporting testimonials\n\n- Student Loan repayments\n\n- Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deductions\n\n- your Apprenticeship Levy payments (starting from April 2017) if you, or employers you\u2019re connected to, have an annual pay bill of more than \u00a33 million\n\nYou pay your Class 1A National Insurance on work benefits that you give to your employees separately.\n\nPAYE Settlement Agreements are also paid separately.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HMRC by the deadline. You may have to pay interest and penalties if your payment is late.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- through your online bank account\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society (cash or cheque)\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve already set one up)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set up one before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## Payment booklets\n\nYou\u2019ll need a payment booklet from HMRC to pay at your bank or building society, or by post. If you do not have one, ask HMRC to send it to you.\n\nIf you\u2019re no longer using your payment booklet, you can ask HMRC to stop sending it.\n\nHMRC will automatically stop sending your payment booklet if you make 2 or more electronic payments in a year.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment. This means you\u2019ll need to set up a payment each time you pay HMRC through Direct Debit.\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need your 13-character accounts office reference number to make a payment. You can find this on the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\nThe payments will show on your bank statement as \u2018HMRC NDDS\u2019.\n\n## Early or late payments\n\nMake sure you also enter the correct year and month the payment is for in the separate boxes provided.\n\n## Make an online or telephone bank transfer\n\nYou can make a transfer from your bank account by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n## If your account is overseas\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 13-character accounts office reference number as the payment reference. You can find this on either:\n\n- the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\n- the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Early payments\n\n## If you pay monthly\n\nYou need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay before the 6th of the tax month that payment is due.\n\nWork out the number you need to use.\n\n## If you pay quarterly\n\nYou need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay before the 6th of the second month in the quarter.\n\nWork out the number you need to use.\n\n## Late payments\n\nYou need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay on or after the 5th of the tax month after payment was due. Do this whether you pay monthly or quarterly.\n\nWork out the number you need to use. You use a different tool if the payment was for a previous tax year.\n\n## Multiple PAYE schemes\n\nSend an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single payment via CHAPS for multiple PAYE schemes.\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## Approve a payment through your online bank account\n\nYou can pay your PAYE bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve signed into your HMRC account, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your PAYE payment.\n\nThe payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your employers\u2019 PAYE bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 13-character accounts office reference number as the payment reference. You can find this on the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.\n\n## Early or late payments\n\nMake sure you enter the correct year and month the payment is for in the separate boxes provided.\n\n## Pay for the previous tax year\n\nSelect the previous tax year and \u2018month 12\u2019 for the last tax year. If you do not do this, your payment will go to the current tax year instead.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 13-character accounts office reference number on the back of the cheque. You will find the reference number on the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent to you when you first registered as an employer.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay in using the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have one of these, ask HMRC to send you a payment booklet.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have fewer than 250 employees.\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 13-character Accounts Office reference number on the back of the cheque. You can find this number on the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nInclude the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have this, you can either:\n\n- ask HMRC to send you a payment booklet\n\n- print off a replacement payment slip\n\nYou can only use a replacement payslip to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\nDo not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYou can include a letter with your payment to ask HMRC for a receipt.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nCheck your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account - it should update within 6 working days of making payment.\n\nIf you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.\n\n## Tell HMRC no payment is due\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have not paid any employees for at least one tax month.\n\nYou can tell HMRC by filling in an Employer Payment Summary (EPS).\n\nYou must send it by the 19th of the month following the tax month when no employees were paid.\n\nIf you do not send an EPS, HMRC will send you a notice estimating how much you owe. You may have to pay a penalty.\n\n## Telling HMRC in advance\n\nYou can tell HMRC that you will not pay any employees up to 12 months in advance.\n\nContractors in the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) who have no payments to make need to tell HMRC through a CIS return and a EPS. CIS contractors with payments to make only need to file a CIS return.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must pay your PAYE bill to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by:

    ", + "
  • the 22nd of the next tax month if you pay monthly
    • ", + "
  • the 22nd after the end of the quarter if you pay quarterly - for example, 22 July for the 6 April to 5 July quarter
    • ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    If you pay by cheque through the post the deadline is the 19th of the month.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019re paying

    ", + "

    Your PAYE bill may include:

    ", + "
  • employee Income Tax deductions
    • ", + "
  • Class 1 and 1B National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • Class 1A National Insurance on termination awards and sporting testimonials
    • ", + "
  • Student Loan repayments
    • ", + "
  • Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deductions
    • ", + "
  • your Apprenticeship Levy payments (starting from April 2017) if you, or employers you\u2019re connected to, have an annual pay bill of more than \u00a33 million
    • ", + "

    You pay your Class 1A National Insurance on work benefits that you give to your employees separately.

    ", + "

    PAYE Settlement Agreements are also paid separately.

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay HMRC by the deadline. You may have to pay interest and penalties if your payment is late.

    ", + "

    The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Same or next day

    ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • through your online bank account
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • by debit or corporate credit card online
    • ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society (cash or cheque)
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve already set one up)
    • ", + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set up one before)
    • ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    Payment booklets

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a payment booklet from HMRC to pay at your bank or building society, or by post. If you do not have one, ask HMRC to send it to you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re no longer using your payment booklet, you can ask HMRC to stop sending it.

    ", + "

    HMRC will automatically stop sending your payment booklet if you make 2 or more electronic payments in a year.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Set up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment. This means you\u2019ll need to set up a payment each time you pay HMRC through Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your 13-character accounts office reference number to make a payment. You can find this on the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    ", + "

    The payments will show on your bank statement as \u2018HMRC NDDS\u2019.

    ", + "

    Early or late payments

    ", + "

    Make sure you also enter the correct year and month the payment is for in the separate boxes provided.

    ", + "

    Make an online or telephone bank transfer

    ", + "

    You can make a transfer from your bank account by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "

    If your account is overseas

    ", + "Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name", + "GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your 13-character accounts office reference number as the payment reference. You can find this on either:

    ", + "
  • the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.
    • ", + "
  • the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Early payments

    ", + "

    If you pay monthly

    ", + "

    You need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay before the 6th of the tax month that payment is due.

    ", + "

    Work out the number you need to use.

    ", + "

    If you pay quarterly

    ", + "

    You need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay before the 6th of the second month in the quarter.

    ", + "

    Work out the number you need to use.

    ", + "

    Late payments

    ", + "

    You need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay on or after the 5th of the tax month after payment was due. Do this whether you pay monthly or quarterly.

    ", + "

    Work out the number you need to use. You use a different tool if the payment was for a previous tax year.

    ", + "

    Multiple PAYE schemes

    ", + "

    Send an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single payment via CHAPS for multiple PAYE schemes.

    ", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    Approve a payment through your online bank account

    ", + "

    You can pay your PAYE bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve signed into your HMRC account, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your PAYE payment.

    ", + "

    The payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your employers\u2019 PAYE bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your 13-character accounts office reference number as the payment reference. You can find this on the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you when you first registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    Early or late payments

    ", + "

    Make sure you enter the correct year and month the payment is for in the separate boxes provided.

    ", + "

    Pay for the previous tax year

    ", + "

    Select the previous tax year and \u2018month 12\u2019 for the last tax year. If you do not do this, your payment will go to the current tax year instead.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 13-character accounts office reference number on the back of the cheque. You will find the reference number on the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent to you when you first registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay in using the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have one of these, ask HMRC to send you a payment booklet.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have fewer than 250 employees.

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 13-character Accounts Office reference number on the back of the cheque. You can find this number on the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.

    ", + "

    Include the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have this, you can either:

    ", + "
  • ask HMRC to send you a payment booklet
    • ", + "
  • print off a replacement payment slip
    • ", + "

    You can only use a replacement payslip to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.

    ", + "

    Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.

    ", + "

    You can include a letter with your payment to ask HMRC for a receipt.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    Check your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account - it should update within 6 working days of making payment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC no payment is due

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have not paid any employees for at least one tax month.

    ", + "

    You can tell HMRC by filling in an Employer Payment Summary (EPS).

    ", + "

    You must send it by the 19th of the month following the tax month when no employees were paid.

    ", + "

    If you do not send an EPS, HMRC will send you a notice estimating how much you owe. You may have to pay a penalty.

    ", + "

    Telling HMRC in advance

    ", + "

    You can tell HMRC that you will not pay any employees up to 12 months in advance.

    ", + "

    Contractors in the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) who have no payments to make need to tell HMRC through a CIS return and a EPS. CIS contractors with payments to make only need to file a CIS return.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-annual-reporting": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-annual-reporting", + "title": "Payroll: annual reporting and tasks", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAs an employer running payroll, you need to:\n\n- report to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the previous tax year (which ends on 5 April) and give your employees a P60\n\n- prepare for the new tax year, which starts on 6 April\n\n| What you need to do | When |\n\n| Send your final payroll report of the year | On or before your employees\u2019 payday |\n\n| Update employee payroll records | From 6 April |\n\n| Update payroll software | From 6 April, or earlier if the software provider asks you to |\n\n| Give your employees a P60 | By 31 May |\n\n| Report employee expenses and benefits | By 6 July |\n\n## Send your final payroll report\n\nSend your final Full Payment Submission (FPS) on or before your employees\u2019 last payday of the tax year (which ends on 5 April).\n\nPut \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Final submission for year\u2019 field (if available) in your payroll software.\n\nIf you run more than one payroll under the same PAYE scheme reference (for example for employees you pay weekly and monthly), include the end-of-year information in your last report.\n\nYou need to send extra forms if you claimed a National Insurance holiday for new employers.\n\n## When to send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS)\n\nYou should send your final report in an EPS instead of an FPS if any of the following apply:\n\n- you forgot to put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Final submission for year\u2019 field in your last FPS\n\n- your software does not have a \u2018Final Submission for year\u2019 field on the FPS\n\n- you did not pay anyone in the final pay period of the tax year\n\n- you sent your final FPS early and you did not pay anyone for one or more full tax months in the last tax year\n\n## If you\u2019re late sending your final report\n\nFrom 20 April you can send an FPS to correct your 2020 to 2021 tax year payroll data by giving the year-to-date figures.\n\n## \u2018Week 53\u2019 payments\n\nIf you pay your employees weekly, fortnightly or every 4 weeks, you might need to make a \u2018week 53\u2019 payment in your final FPS of the year.\n\nYour payroll software will work out \u2018week 53\u2019 payments for you.\n\nIn the \u2018Tax week number\u2019 field of your FPS, put:\n\n- \u201853\u2019 if you pay your employees weekly\n\n- \u201854\u2019 if you pay them fortnightly\n\n- \u201856\u2019 if you pay them every 4 weeks\n\nHMRC will send a P800 form to any employees who owe tax following a \u2018week 53\u2019 payment.\n\n## If you make a mistake\n\nIf you find a mistake in your final FPS of the year, what you need to do depends on the type of mistake and when you find it.\n\n| | When | What to do |\n\n| Wrong payments or deductions | By 19 April | Send an additional FPS with corrected year-to-date figures, and enter \u20180\u2019 in \u2018Pay in this period\u2019 |\n\n| Wrong payments or deductions | After 19 April | Send an FPS showing the correct year-to-date amounts. |\n\n| Wrong payment date | By 5 April | Send an additional FPS with the correct payment date - put \u20180\u2019 in \u2018Pay in this period\u2019 and give the year-to-date figures |\n\n## Update employee payroll records\n\nFor each employee working for you on 6 April, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- prepare a payroll record\n\n- identify the correct tax code to use in the new tax year\n\n- enter their tax code in your payroll software\n\nYou should include in your payroll:\n\n- all employees you pay in the tax year, no matter how much you pay them\n\n- any employee who has worked for you in the current tax year (since 6 April) even if they\u2019ve already left\n\n## Using the right tax code\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a:\n\n- P9T form for any employees who need a new tax code\n\n- P9X form with general changes for employees whose tax code ends with an \u2018L\u2019\n\nFor April 2021, if your employee\u2019s tax code ends in \u2018L\u2019, add 7, for example 1250L becomes 1257L.\n\nIf you get a lot of tax code notices, it may be faster to use HMRC\u2019s PAYE Desktop Viewer.\n\n## New employees\n\nUse the information new employees give you (usually their P45) to work out their tax code.\n\n## Update payroll software\n\nFollow your provider\u2019s instructions to update your payroll software so it uses the latest rates and thresholds for Income Tax, National Insurance and student loan repayments.\n\n## Basic PAYE Tools\n\nYou must download and install Basic PAYE Tools again if you\u2019re using a version before 14.2.14330.88. The version number displays in the bottom-left corner of the tool.\n\nVersions 14.2.14330.88 and later of Basic PAYE Tools check for updates automatically, for example when the tax year changes or new rules come in.\n\n## Give employees a P60\n\nGive a P60 to all employees on your payroll who are working for you on the last day of the tax year (5 April). The P60 summarises their total pay and deductions for the year.\n\nYou must give your employees a P60 by 31 May.\n\nIf you\u2019re exempt from filing your payroll online, you can order copies of P60s from HMRC.\n\n## If you need to change a P60\n\nGive your employee either a:\n\n- new P60 marked \u2018replacement\u2019 - this can be paper or electronic\n\n- letter confirming the change\n\n## Report expenses and benefits\n\nYou can report expenses and benefits using your payroll software, if it has this feature.\n\nYou must report expenses and benefits to HMRC by 6 July.\n\n## Paying HMRC\n\nPay any Class 1A National Insurance due on the taxable expenses and benefits you\u2019ve provided. Your payment must be received by 22 July (or 19 July if you\u2019re paying by post).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As an employer running payroll, you need to:

    ", + "
  • report to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the previous tax year (which ends on 5 April) and give your employees a P60
    • ", + "
  • prepare for the new tax year, which starts on 6 April
    • ", + "What you need to do | When", + "Send your final payroll report of the year | On or before your employees\u2019 payday", + "Update employee payroll records | From 6 April", + "Update payroll software | From 6 April, or earlier if the software provider asks you to", + "Give your employees a P60 | By 31 May", + "Report employee expenses and benefits | By 6 July", + "

    Send your final payroll report

    ", + "

    Send your final Full Payment Submission (FPS) on or before your employees\u2019 last payday of the tax year (which ends on 5 April).

    ", + "

    Put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Final submission for year\u2019 field (if available) in your payroll software.

    ", + "

    If you run more than one payroll under the same PAYE scheme reference (for example for employees you pay weekly and monthly), include the end-of-year information in your last report.

    ", + "

    You need to send extra forms if you claimed a National Insurance holiday for new employers.

    ", + "

    When to send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS)

    ", + "

    You should send your final report in an EPS instead of an FPS if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you forgot to put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Final submission for year\u2019 field in your last FPS
    • ", + "
  • your software does not have a \u2018Final Submission for year\u2019 field on the FPS
    • ", + "
  • you did not pay anyone in the final pay period of the tax year
    • ", + "
  • you sent your final FPS early and you did not pay anyone for one or more full tax months in the last tax year
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re late sending your final report

    ", + "

    From 20 April you can send an FPS to correct your 2020 to 2021 tax year payroll data by giving the year-to-date figures.

    ", + "

    \u2018Week 53\u2019 payments

    ", + "

    If you pay your employees weekly, fortnightly or every 4 weeks, you might need to make a \u2018week 53\u2019 payment in your final FPS of the year.

    ", + "

    Your payroll software will work out \u2018week 53\u2019 payments for you.

    ", + "

    In the \u2018Tax week number\u2019 field of your FPS, put:

    ", + "
  • \u201853\u2019 if you pay your employees weekly
    • ", + "
  • \u201854\u2019 if you pay them fortnightly
    • ", + "
  • \u201856\u2019 if you pay them every 4 weeks
    • ", + "

    HMRC will send a P800 form to any employees who owe tax following a \u2018week 53\u2019 payment.

    ", + "

    If you make a mistake

    ", + "

    If you find a mistake in your final FPS of the year, what you need to do depends on the type of mistake and when you find it.

    ", + " | When | What to do", + "Wrong payments or deductions | By 19 April | Send an additional FPS with corrected year-to-date figures, and enter \u20180\u2019 in \u2018Pay in this period\u2019", + "Wrong payments or deductions | After 19 April | Send an FPS showing the correct year-to-date amounts.", + "Wrong payment date | By 5 April | Send an additional FPS with the correct payment date - put \u20180\u2019 in \u2018Pay in this period\u2019 and give the year-to-date figures", + "

    Update employee payroll records

    ", + "

    For each employee working for you on 6 April, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • prepare a payroll record
    • ", + "
  • identify the correct tax code to use in the new tax year
    • ", + "
  • enter their tax code in your payroll software
    • ", + "

    You should include in your payroll:

    ", + "
  • all employees you pay in the tax year, no matter how much you pay them
    • ", + "
  • any employee who has worked for you in the current tax year (since 6 April) even if they\u2019ve already left
    • ", + "

    Using the right tax code

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a:

    ", + "
  • P9T form for any employees who need a new tax code
    • ", + "
  • P9X form with general changes for employees whose tax code ends with an \u2018L\u2019
    • ", + "

    For April 2021, if your employee\u2019s tax code ends in \u2018L\u2019, add 7, for example 1250L becomes 1257L.

    ", + "

    If you get a lot of tax code notices, it may be faster to use HMRC\u2019s PAYE Desktop Viewer.

    ", + "

    New employees

    ", + "

    Use the information new employees give you (usually their P45) to work out their tax code.

    ", + "

    Update payroll software

    ", + "

    Follow your provider\u2019s instructions to update your payroll software so it uses the latest rates and thresholds for Income Tax, National Insurance and student loan repayments.

    ", + "

    Basic PAYE Tools

    ", + "

    You must download and install Basic PAYE Tools again if you\u2019re using a version before 14.2.14330.88. The version number displays in the bottom-left corner of the tool.

    ", + "

    Versions 14.2.14330.88 and later of Basic PAYE Tools check for updates automatically, for example when the tax year changes or new rules come in.

    ", + "

    Give employees a P60

    ", + "

    Give a P60 to all employees on your payroll who are working for you on the last day of the tax year (5 April). The P60 summarises their total pay and deductions for the year.

    ", + "

    You must give your employees a P60 by 31 May.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re exempt from filing your payroll online, you can order copies of P60s from HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you need to change a P60

    ", + "

    Give your employee either a:

    ", + "
  • new P60 marked \u2018replacement\u2019 - this can be paper or electronic
    • ", + "
  • letter confirming the change
    • ", + "

    Report expenses and benefits

    ", + "

    You can report expenses and benefits using your payroll software, if it has this feature.

    ", + "

    You must report expenses and benefits to HMRC by 6 July.

    ", + "

    Paying HMRC

    ", + "

    Pay any Class 1A National Insurance due on the taxable expenses and benefits you\u2019ve provided. Your payment must be received by 22 July (or 19 July if you\u2019re paying by post).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/running-payroll": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/running-payroll", + "title": "Running payroll", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAs an employer operating PAYE as part of your payroll, you need to complete certain tasks during each tax month. Tax months run from the 6th of one month to the 5th of the next.\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019ve not paid any employees in a tax month.\n\n## On or before your employees\u2019 payday\n\nEvery time you pay your employees, use your payroll software to:\n\n- Record their pay - include their salary or wages and any other pay.\n\n- Calculate deductions from their pay, like tax and National Insurance.\n\n- Calculate the employer\u2019s National Insurance contribution that you\u2019ll need to pay on their earnings above \u00a3184 a week.\n\n- Produce payslips for each employee (you can use different software if yours does not have this feature).\n\n- Report their pay and deductions to HMRC in a Full Payment Submission (FPS).\n\nIf you pay an employee less than \u00a3120 a week, you usually only need to record and report their pay (unless they have another job or receive a pension).\n\n## In the next tax month (starting on the 6th)\n\nYou can view what you owe from your FPS online from the 12th.\n\n- Claim any reduction on what you\u2019ll owe HMRC (for example statutory pay) by sending an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) by the 19th.\n\n- View the balance of what you owe in your HMRC online account, within 2 days (or by the 14th if you sent the EPS before the 11th).\n\n- Pay HMRC by the 22nd (or the 19th if paying by post) - you may have to pay a penalty if you do not.\n\nIf you usually pay less than \u00a31,500 per month, you may be able to pay quarterly instead of monthly. Contact the payment helpline to find out.\n\n## Late reporting\n\nHMRC will send you a late filing notice if you\u2019ve paid any employees and do not send an FPS or send one late. They can also charge you a penalty, unless you have a valid reason for reporting late.\n\nLate, missing or incorrect payroll reports can also affect your employees\u2019 income-related benefits, such as Universal Credit.\n\nHMRC will close your PAYE scheme if you\u2019re a new employer and you do not send a report to or pay HMRC in 120 days.\n\n## Employees' pay\n\nRecord your employees\u2019 salary or wages in your payroll software. Include everyone you pay, even if they get less than \u00a3120 a week.\n\n## Recording other types of pay\n\n## Statutory pay\n\nYou may have to pay your employee:\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)\n\n- statutory pay for parents (maternity, paternity, adoption, bereavement or shared parental pay)\n\nYou must record these in your software - they\u2019re taxed like normal pay.\n\nYou can reclaim statutory pay for parents.\n\n## Expenses and benefits\n\nExpenses or benefits like uniforms or company cars are reported separately at the end of the tax year. Check the rules to find out what counts as expenses and benefits, and what you should record in your software as normal pay.\n\n## Tips and other pay\n\nTreat tips to your staff as normal pay if they\u2019re paid into your till - this includes tips added to your customers\u2019 card or cheque payments. The rules are different if tips are given straight to your employees by customers or paid into a tronc.\n\nOther payments you may give your employee that you should record as normal pay include:\n\n- bonuses\n\n- commission\n\n- holiday pay (unless you pay it in advance or use a holiday pay scheme)\n\n- payments for time your employee has spent travelling\n\n- passenger payments, except the first 5 pence per mile\n\n- medical suspension payments, given to an employee you\u2019ve suspended for health reasons\n\n- maternity suspension payments, given to an employee you\u2019ve suspended for her, or her baby\u2019s, health\n\n- guarantee payments, paid to an employee for a day they do not work (and not paid holiday)\n\n- office holders\u2019 payments (honoraria), given to employees for providing a service, for example being your company\u2019s sports-club secretary\n\n- payments that can be converted into cash, for example cheques, Savings Certificates or Premium Bonds\n\n- inducement payments (\u2018golden hello\u2019 payments)\n\n- cash prizes for competitions you run\n\nThe rules are different for non-cash payments like shares or commodities, cash-in-hand or guarantee payments and employee incentive awards.\n\n## Deductions\n\nYour payroll software will calculate how much tax and National Insurance to deduct from your employees\u2019 pay. These deductions are worked out using each employee\u2019s tax code and National Insurance category letter.\n\nYou may also need to deduct student loan repayments, pension contributions, Payroll Giving donations and child maintenance payments.\n\n## Student and Postgraduate loan repayments\n\nUse your payroll software to record if your employee needs to make student loan repayments - both in your software and on payslips.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to calculate and deduct how much they need to repay based on which plan they\u2019re on. They repay:\n\n- 9% of their income above \u00a319,895 a year for Plan 1\n\n- 9% of their income above \u00a327,295 a year for Plan 2\n\n- 9% of their income above \u00a325,000 a year for Plan 4\n\n- 6% of their income above \u00a321,000 a year for Postgraduate loans\n\n## Pensions\n\nMake pension deductions after you take off National Insurance. You normally make pension deductions before you take off tax - check with your workplace pension provider.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay any employer contributions into your employee\u2019s pension.\n\nA new law means all employers will have to provide and pay into a workplace pension scheme for their employees - this is called \u2018automatic enrolment\u2019.\n\n## Payroll Giving\n\nYour employees can donate to charity directly from their pay before tax is deducted using Payroll Giving.\n\nRegister with a Payroll Giving agency to set up a scheme. They\u2019ll let you know how to make deductions.\n\nAs well as the usual payroll records, you must also keep the agency contract, employee authorisation forms and details of payments to the agency.\n\n## Child maintenance\n\nYou may need to deduct child maintenance directly from a paying parent\u2019s earnings or pension.\n\n## Payslips\n\nYou must give your employees and \u2018workers\u2019 a payslip on or before their payday.\n\n## What to include\n\nPayslips must show:\n\n- pay before any deductions (\u2018gross\u2019 wages)\n\n- deductions like tax and National Insurance\n\n- pay after deductions (\u2018net\u2019 wages)\n\n- the number of hours worked, if the pay varies depending on time worked\n\nPayslips can also include information like your employee\u2019s National Insurance number and tax code, their rate of pay, and the total amount of pay and deductions so far in the tax year.\n\n## Producing payslips\n\nYou may be able to produce payslips using your payroll software, if it has this feature. You can use different software if it does not.\n\nYou can either print payslips to give to your employees, or you can send them electronically.\n\nEmployees have certain rights relating to payslips and what they must include.\n\n## Reporting to HMRC: FPS\n\nUse your payroll software to send a Full Payment Submission (FPS) to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about payments to your employees and what deductions you\u2019ve made.\n\nInclude everyone you pay, even if they get less than \u00a3120 a week.\n\n## When to send your FPS\n\nSend the FPS on or before your employees\u2019 payday, even if you pay HMRC quarterly instead of monthly.\n\nYou must enter the usual date that you pay your employees, even if you pay them earlier or later. For example, if you pay your employees early because your usual payday falls on a Bank Holiday, you should still enter your regular payday.\n\n## Early reporting\n\nYou can send an FPS before your regular payday, for example if your payroll staff are going on holiday.\n\nDo not report too early - you\u2019ll need to send a corrected FPS to update HMRC if information changes, for example an employee leaves or changes tax code.\n\nYou cannot send reports for the new tax year before March.\n\n## Late reporting\n\nThere are some exceptions when you can send a late FPS.\n\n## Completing and sending an FPS\n\nYou\u2019ll need to enter your PAYE reference and Accounts Office reference in your software. HMRC will have sent this to you after you registered as an employer.\n\nTo complete and send the FPS, follow your payroll software\u2019s instructions.\n\nHMRC has guidance on what to put in each field on an FPS, including:\n\n- employer information\n\n- employee information - only include employees you\u2019ve paid\n\n- pay and deductions\n\n- National Insurance information\n\nYou can split your FPS into batches if it\u2019s easier for you, for example one for employees and one for directors.\n\nThere are special rules for calculating deductions if your employee has more than one job with you.\n\n## After you\u2019ve sent your FPS\n\nIn the next tax month (which starts on the 6th), you can:\n\n- view your FPS and how much tax and National Insurance you owe in your HMRC online account from the 12th\n\n- claim any reduction on what you\u2019ll owe HMRC (for example statutory pay) by sending an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) by the 19th\n\n- pay HMRC the balance by the 22nd (or the 19th if paying by post)\n\nIf you need to make an extra payment to your employee, send an extra FPS before your next regular report (if your software has this feature).\n\n## If you made a mistake in your FPS\n\nYou should correct any errors in your FPS as soon as you find them.\n\n## Reporting extra information\n\nYou need to report more information on an FPS if:\n\n- it includes a new employee\n\n- an employee leaves\n\n- you start paying someone a workplace pension\n\n- it\u2019s the last report of tax year\n\nYou may also need to report extra information about certain employee changes, for example they take a leave of absence or become a director.\n\nThere are special rules if you\u2019re only reporting National Insurance, for example you\u2019re an overseas employer that does not need to pay UK tax.\n\n## Reporting to HMRC: EPS\n\nUse your payroll software to send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) as well as a Full Payment Submission (FPS) if you:\n\n- reclaim statutory maternity, paternity, adoption, parental bereavement or shared parental payments - even if you got an advance payment from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to cover them\n\n- claim the Employment Allowance - do this once each tax year\n\n- can reclaim Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deductions as a limited company\n\n- claim National Insurance contributions holiday for previous tax years\n\n- pay the Apprenticeship Levy if you, or employers you\u2019re connected to, have an annual pay bill of more than \u00a33 million\n\nSend an EPS instead of an FPS if you\u2019ve not paid any employees in a tax month.\n\n## EPS deadlines\n\nSend an EPS by the 19th of the following tax month for HMRC to apply any reduction (for example statutory pay) on what you\u2019ll owe from your FPS.\n\nThe tax month starts on the 6th.\n\n## Sending an EPS\n\nTo complete and send the EPS, follow your payroll software\u2019s instructions. HMRC has guidance on what to put in each field on an an EPS.\n\nUse HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools if your software cannot send EPS reports.\n\n## After you\u2019ve sent your EPS\n\nOnce you\u2019ve sent your EPS, you can:\n\n- view what you\u2019ve claimed and the balance of what you owe on your HMRC online account within 2 days (or by the 14th if you sent the EPS before the 11th)\n\n- pay HMRC by the 22nd (or the 19th if paying by post).\n\n## If you made a mistake in your EPS\n\nYou should correct any errors in your EPS as soon as you find them.\n\n## If you do not pay any employees in a tax month\n\nDo not send an FPS. Send an EPS by the 19th after the tax month you did not pay any employees. The tax month starts on the 6th.\n\nHMRC has guidance on what to put in your EPS if you\u2019ve not paid anyone.\n\nIf you do not send an EPS, HMRC may:\n\n- send you a notice through PAYE Online\n\n- estimate how much you should pay\n\n- give you a penalty\n\n## If you do not pay anyone for a longer period\n\nYou can tell HMRC up to a year in advance that you\u2019ll not pay any employees. To do this, enter dates in the \u2018Period of inactivity\u2019 fields in your EPS.\n\n## Paying HMRC\n\nEvery month you have to pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC):\n\n- the tax and National Insurance (and any other deductions) you owe as reported on your Full Payment Submission (FPS) in the previous tax month\n\n- minus the reductions on any Employer Payment Summary (EPS) you sent before the 19th in the current tax month\n\nPay what you owe by the 22nd of the month (or the 19th if paying by post) - you may have to pay a penalty if you do not.\n\nIf you usually pay less than \u00a31,500 per month, you may be able to pay quarterly instead of monthly. Contact the payment helpline to find out.\n\n## Viewing what you owe\n\nView your HMRC online account to see the reports you\u2019ve sent and to find out what you owe.\n\nThere are things you can check if your PAYE bill is not what you expected.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay your PAYE bill in a number of different ways.\n\n## Interest and penalties\n\nHMRC will usually tell you if they think you\u2019ve paid late - either in a letter or a notice through PAYE Online. You\u2019ll be charged interest daily at the standard rate.\n\nYou may be charged a penalty if you do not pay on time or in full.\n\n## Sending an FPS after payday\n\nIf you send a late Full Payment Submission (FPS) without a valid reason, you may get:\n\n- an online penalty warning message for the first late FPS you send each month\n\n- a penalty for reporting late\n\n## When you can send a late FPS report\n\nIn certain situations you can send a Full Payment Submission (FPS) after you pay your employee.\n\n| Situation | When to report |\n\n| Your employee does not give you a P45 and is either paid less than \u00a3120 a week or has worked with you for less than a week | Within 7 days of paying your employee |\n\n| Your employees\u2019 payday is on a non-banking day, for example weekend or bank holiday | On the next banking day - but enter the regular payment date in the \u2018payment date\u2019 field and select \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 code G |\n\n| You make an ad hoc payment outside of your regular payroll, for example you\u2019re told after you\u2019ve sent your FPS about a new starter or a missed overtime payment. (Payments made regularly outside your normal payroll run are not ad hoc) | In your next regular FPS or an additional FPS |\n\n| You pay your employee an expense or benefit where you must pay National Insurance, but not Income Tax, through payroll. This depends on the benefit. | Within 14 days of the end of the tax month |\n\n| You cannot calculate or report your employee\u2019s pay in advance because it\u2019s based on their work on the day, for example harvest workers paid based on how much they pick | Within 7 days of paying your employee |\n\n| You make certain non-cash payments to your employee | As soon as possible within 14 days of the end of the tax month, or when you deduct tax and National Insurance (if earlier). For complex situations (for example when exercising share options) contact HMRC |\n\n| You\u2019ve not received your employer PAYE reference yet | As soon as possible after you receive your employer PAYE reference - select \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 code G |\n\nPut the reason for reporting after payday on your FPS for each late submission. If you do not, or if HMRC disagrees with the reason or you do not send an FPS, they may send you an online penalty warning message and a penalty.\n\n## Viewing late FPS reports in your HMRC online account\n\nIf you send an FPS in the same tax month as you paid your employees, you can view the report in your HMRC online account from the 12th of the next tax month.\n\nThis is different if you send an FPS in the tax month after payday.\n\n| Late FPS sent (in tax month after payday) | HMRC online account updated |\n\n| Between 6th and 11th | By the 14th |\n\n| Between 12th and 19th | Within 2 days |\n\n| On or after the 20th - and you did not send a FPS the previous tax month | Within 2 days |\n\n| On or after the 20th - and you sent a FPS the previous tax month | By the 12th of the next tax month |\n\n## Reporting employee changes\n\nYou need to report more information on a Full Payment Submission (FPS) if:\n\n- it includes a new employee\n\n- an employee leaves\n\n- you start paying someone a workplace pension\n\n- it\u2019s the last report of the tax year\n\n- an employee changes their address\n\nYou may also need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if an employee:\n\n- becomes a director\n\n- reaches State Pension age\n\n- goes to work abroad\n\n- goes on jury service\n\n- dies\n\n- joins or leaves a contracted-out company pension\n\n- turns 16\n\n- is called up as a reservist\n\n- changes gender\n\n## Employee takes a leave of absence\n\nOnce your employee has started their leave of absence, put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Irregular payment pattern indicator\u2019 in all FPS reports you send to HMRC until the employee returns.\n\n## Changing paydays\n\nYou can move your payday to a different day or change how often you pay your employees.\n\n## Moving your payday\n\nIf the new payday is in the same tax month or week, treat the first new payment as an extra payment for that period.\n\nYou do not need to do anything special when recording pay if the new payday is in a different tax month or week.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on how to calculate National Insurance for your employees after changing paydays.\n\n## Changing how often you pay your employees\n\nYou must contact the employer helpline if you pay employees less often so HMRC do not send you a non-filing notice through PAYE Online.\n\nMost payroll software can automatically manage any changes to how often you pay your employees (for example from monthly to weekly) and work out deductions correctly.\n\n## Using Basic PAYE Tools\n\nThere are some limitations on when you can make these changes if you use HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) Basic PAYE Tools.\n\n## Paying your employees more often\n\nIf you\u2019ve not already paid your employees, use the new earnings period (in the \u2018Pay frequency\u2019 field) in your Full Payment Submission (FPS) when you next pay them.\n\nIf you\u2019ve paid your employees, you can use the new earnings period from the next tax month.\n\n## Paying your employees less often\n\nIf a payment from your old pay period also takes place in your new pay period, calculate and deduct National Insurance on both. Do not deduct more National Insurance than would\u2019ve been due on the combined total of both payments.\n\nIf an employee also joins your contracted-out pension scheme during this period, deduct National Insurance at the contracted-out rate on the total of both payments.\n\nDeduct tax based on the new earnings period the next time you pay your employees.\n\n## Annual payroll scheme for PAYE\n\nIf you pay your employees only once a year, and all in the same tax month, you can register with HMRC as an \u2018annual scheme\u2019.\n\nThis means you send reports and make payments to HMRC annually. If you pay your employees on different days in the same tax month, you need to send an FPS on or before each payday. You do not need to send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) for the months when you do not pay your employees.\n\nTo register, contact the employer helpline and tell them which month you pay your employees. You\u2019ll need your 13-character Accounts Office reference number - this is on the letter HMRC sent you when you registered as an employer.\n\n## Changing when you pay your employees\n\nIf you change the month you pay your employees, send an FPS in the month that you want the new annual payment month to move to. If it\u2019s later than the month you usually pay your employees, you\u2019ll need to send an EPS for that month to tell HMRC you\u2019re not paying anyone.\n\nIf you send more than one FPS in a year, HMRC will assume you no longer wish to operate as an annual scheme and send you a letter to confirm.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As an employer operating PAYE as part of your payroll, you need to complete certain tasks during each tax month. Tax months run from the 6th of one month to the 5th of the next.

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019ve not paid any employees in a tax month.

    ", + "

    On or before your employees\u2019 payday

    ", + "

    Every time you pay your employees, use your payroll software to:

    ", + "
  • Record their pay - include their salary or wages and any other pay.
    • ", + "
  • Calculate deductions from their pay, like tax and National Insurance.
    • ", + "
  • Calculate the employer\u2019s National Insurance contribution that you\u2019ll need to pay on their earnings above \u00a3184 a week.
    • ", + "
  • Produce payslips for each employee (you can use different software if yours does not have this feature).
    • ", + "
  • Report their pay and deductions to HMRC in a Full Payment Submission (FPS).
    • ", + "

    If you pay an employee less than \u00a3120 a week, you usually only need to record and report their pay (unless they have another job or receive a pension).

    ", + "

    In the next tax month (starting on the 6th)

    ", + "

    You can view what you owe from your FPS online from the 12th.

    ", + "
  • Claim any reduction on what you\u2019ll owe HMRC (for example statutory pay) by sending an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) by the 19th.
    • ", + "
  • View the balance of what you owe in your HMRC online account, within 2 days (or by the 14th if you sent the EPS before the 11th).
    • ", + "
  • Pay HMRC by the 22nd (or the 19th if paying by post) - you may have to pay a penalty if you do not.
    • ", + "

    If you usually pay less than \u00a31,500 per month, you may be able to pay quarterly instead of monthly. Contact the payment helpline to find out.

    ", + "

    Late reporting

    ", + "

    HMRC will send you a late filing notice if you\u2019ve paid any employees and do not send an FPS or send one late. They can also charge you a penalty, unless you have a valid reason for reporting late.

    ", + "

    Late, missing or incorrect payroll reports can also affect your employees\u2019 income-related benefits, such as Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    HMRC will close your PAYE scheme if you\u2019re a new employer and you do not send a report to or pay HMRC in 120 days.

    ", + "

    Employees' pay

    ", + "

    Record your employees\u2019 salary or wages in your payroll software. Include everyone you pay, even if they get less than \u00a3120 a week.

    ", + "

    Recording other types of pay

    ", + "

    Statutory pay

    ", + "

    You may have to pay your employee:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)
    • ", + "
  • statutory pay for parents (maternity, paternity, adoption, bereavement or shared parental pay)
    • ", + "

    You must record these in your software - they\u2019re taxed like normal pay.

    ", + "

    You can reclaim statutory pay for parents.

    ", + "

    Expenses and benefits

    ", + "

    Expenses or benefits like uniforms or company cars are reported separately at the end of the tax year. Check the rules to find out what counts as expenses and benefits, and what you should record in your software as normal pay.

    ", + "

    Tips and other pay

    ", + "

    Treat tips to your staff as normal pay if they\u2019re paid into your till - this includes tips added to your customers\u2019 card or cheque payments. The rules are different if tips are given straight to your employees by customers or paid into a tronc.

    ", + "

    Other payments you may give your employee that you should record as normal pay include:

    ", + "
  • bonuses
    • ", + "
  • commission
    • ", + "
  • holiday pay (unless you pay it in advance or use a holiday pay scheme)
    • ", + "
  • payments for time your employee has spent travelling
    • ", + "
  • passenger payments, except the first 5 pence per mile
    • ", + "
  • medical suspension payments, given to an employee you\u2019ve suspended for health reasons
    • ", + "
  • maternity suspension payments, given to an employee you\u2019ve suspended for her, or her baby\u2019s, health
    • ", + "
  • guarantee payments, paid to an employee for a day they do not work (and not paid holiday)
    • ", + "
  • office holders\u2019 payments (honoraria), given to employees for providing a service, for example being your company\u2019s sports-club secretary
    • ", + "
  • payments that can be converted into cash, for example cheques, Savings Certificates or Premium Bonds
    • ", + "
  • inducement payments (\u2018golden hello\u2019 payments)
    • ", + "
  • cash prizes for competitions you run
    • ", + "

    The rules are different for non-cash payments like shares or commodities, cash-in-hand or guarantee payments and employee incentive awards.

    ", + "

    Deductions

    ", + "

    Your payroll software will calculate how much tax and National Insurance to deduct from your employees\u2019 pay. These deductions are worked out using each employee\u2019s tax code and National Insurance category letter.

    ", + "

    You may also need to deduct student loan repayments, pension contributions, Payroll Giving donations and child maintenance payments.

    ", + "

    Student and Postgraduate loan repayments

    ", + "

    Use your payroll software to record if your employee needs to make student loan repayments - both in your software and on payslips.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to calculate and deduct how much they need to repay based on which plan they\u2019re on. They repay:

    ", + "
  • 9% of their income above \u00a319,895 a year for Plan 1
    • ", + "
  • 9% of their income above \u00a327,295 a year for Plan 2
    • ", + "
  • 9% of their income above \u00a325,000 a year for Plan 4
    • ", + "
  • 6% of their income above \u00a321,000 a year for Postgraduate loans
    • ", + "

    Pensions

    ", + "

    Make pension deductions after you take off National Insurance. You normally make pension deductions before you take off tax - check with your workplace pension provider.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay any employer contributions into your employee\u2019s pension.

    ", + "

    A new law means all employers will have to provide and pay into a workplace pension scheme for their employees - this is called \u2018automatic enrolment\u2019.

    ", + "

    Payroll Giving

    ", + "

    Your employees can donate to charity directly from their pay before tax is deducted using Payroll Giving.

    ", + "

    Register with a Payroll Giving agency to set up a scheme. They\u2019ll let you know how to make deductions.

    ", + "

    As well as the usual payroll records, you must also keep the agency contract, employee authorisation forms and details of payments to the agency.

    ", + "

    Child maintenance

    ", + "

    You may need to deduct child maintenance directly from a paying parent\u2019s earnings or pension.

    ", + "

    Payslips

    ", + "

    You must give your employees and \u2018workers\u2019 a payslip on or before their payday.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Payslips must show:

    ", + "
  • pay before any deductions (\u2018gross\u2019 wages)
    • ", + "
  • deductions like tax and National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • pay after deductions (\u2018net\u2019 wages)
    • ", + "
  • the number of hours worked, if the pay varies depending on time worked
    • ", + "

    Payslips can also include information like your employee\u2019s National Insurance number and tax code, their rate of pay, and the total amount of pay and deductions so far in the tax year.

    ", + "

    Producing payslips

    ", + "

    You may be able to produce payslips using your payroll software, if it has this feature. You can use different software if it does not.

    ", + "

    You can either print payslips to give to your employees, or you can send them electronically.

    ", + "

    Employees have certain rights relating to payslips and what they must include.

    ", + "

    Reporting to HMRC: FPS

    ", + "

    Use your payroll software to send a Full Payment Submission (FPS) to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about payments to your employees and what deductions you\u2019ve made.

    ", + "

    Include everyone you pay, even if they get less than \u00a3120 a week.

    ", + "

    When to send your FPS

    ", + "

    Send the FPS on or before your employees\u2019 payday, even if you pay HMRC quarterly instead of monthly.

    ", + "

    You must enter the usual date that you pay your employees, even if you pay them earlier or later. For example, if you pay your employees early because your usual payday falls on a Bank Holiday, you should still enter your regular payday.

    ", + "

    Early reporting

    ", + "

    You can send an FPS before your regular payday, for example if your payroll staff are going on holiday.

    ", + "

    Do not report too early - you\u2019ll need to send a corrected FPS to update HMRC if information changes, for example an employee leaves or changes tax code.

    ", + "

    You cannot send reports for the new tax year before March.

    ", + "

    Late reporting

    ", + "

    There are some exceptions when you can send a late FPS.

    ", + "

    Completing and sending an FPS

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to enter your PAYE reference and Accounts Office reference in your software. HMRC will have sent this to you after you registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    To complete and send the FPS, follow your payroll software\u2019s instructions.

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance on what to put in each field on an FPS, including:

    ", + "
  • employer information
    • ", + "
  • employee information - only include employees you\u2019ve paid
    • ", + "
  • pay and deductions
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance information
    • ", + "

    You can split your FPS into batches if it\u2019s easier for you, for example one for employees and one for directors.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for calculating deductions if your employee has more than one job with you.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve sent your FPS

    ", + "

    In the next tax month (which starts on the 6th), you can:

    ", + "
  • view your FPS and how much tax and National Insurance you owe in your HMRC online account from the 12th
    • ", + "
  • claim any reduction on what you\u2019ll owe HMRC (for example statutory pay) by sending an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) by the 19th
    • ", + "
  • pay HMRC the balance by the 22nd (or the 19th if paying by post)
    • ", + "

    If you need to make an extra payment to your employee, send an extra FPS before your next regular report (if your software has this feature).

    ", + "

    If you made a mistake in your FPS

    ", + "

    You should correct any errors in your FPS as soon as you find them.

    ", + "

    Reporting extra information

    ", + "

    You need to report more information on an FPS if:

    ", + "
  • it includes a new employee
    • ", + "
  • an employee leaves
    • ", + "
  • you start paying someone a workplace pension
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s the last report of tax year
    • ", + "

    You may also need to report extra information about certain employee changes, for example they take a leave of absence or become a director.

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you\u2019re only reporting National Insurance, for example you\u2019re an overseas employer that does not need to pay UK tax.

    ", + "

    Reporting to HMRC: EPS

    ", + "

    Use your payroll software to send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) as well as a Full Payment Submission (FPS) if you:

    ", + "
  • reclaim statutory maternity, paternity, adoption, parental bereavement or shared parental payments - even if you got an advance payment from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to cover them
    • ", + "
  • claim the Employment Allowance - do this once each tax year
    • ", + "
  • can reclaim Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deductions as a limited company
    • ", + "
  • claim National Insurance contributions holiday for previous tax years
    • ", + "
  • pay the Apprenticeship Levy if you, or employers you\u2019re connected to, have an annual pay bill of more than \u00a33 million
    • ", + "

    Send an EPS instead of an FPS if you\u2019ve not paid any employees in a tax month.

    ", + "

    EPS deadlines

    ", + "

    Send an EPS by the 19th of the following tax month for HMRC to apply any reduction (for example statutory pay) on what you\u2019ll owe from your FPS.

    ", + "

    The tax month starts on the 6th.

    ", + "

    Sending an EPS

    ", + "

    To complete and send the EPS, follow your payroll software\u2019s instructions. HMRC has guidance on what to put in each field on an an EPS.

    ", + "

    Use HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools if your software cannot send EPS reports.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve sent your EPS

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve sent your EPS, you can:

    ", + "
  • view what you\u2019ve claimed and the balance of what you owe on your HMRC online account within 2 days (or by the 14th if you sent the EPS before the 11th)
    • ", + "
  • pay HMRC by the 22nd (or the 19th if paying by post).
    • ", + "

    If you made a mistake in your EPS

    ", + "

    You should correct any errors in your EPS as soon as you find them.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay any employees in a tax month

    ", + "

    Do not send an FPS. Send an EPS by the 19th after the tax month you did not pay any employees. The tax month starts on the 6th.

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance on what to put in your EPS if you\u2019ve not paid anyone.

    ", + "

    If you do not send an EPS, HMRC may:

    ", + "
  • send you a notice through PAYE Online
    • ", + "
  • estimate how much you should pay
    • ", + "
  • give you a penalty
    • ", + "

    If you do not pay anyone for a longer period

    ", + "

    You can tell HMRC up to a year in advance that you\u2019ll not pay any employees. To do this, enter dates in the \u2018Period of inactivity\u2019 fields in your EPS.

    ", + "

    Paying HMRC

    ", + "

    Every month you have to pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC):

    ", + "
  • the tax and National Insurance (and any other deductions) you owe as reported on your Full Payment Submission (FPS) in the previous tax month
    • ", + "
  • minus the reductions on any Employer Payment Summary (EPS) you sent before the 19th in the current tax month
    • ", + "

    Pay what you owe by the 22nd of the month (or the 19th if paying by post) - you may have to pay a penalty if you do not.

    ", + "

    If you usually pay less than \u00a31,500 per month, you may be able to pay quarterly instead of monthly. Contact the payment helpline to find out.

    ", + "

    Viewing what you owe

    ", + "

    View your HMRC online account to see the reports you\u2019ve sent and to find out what you owe.

    ", + "

    There are things you can check if your PAYE bill is not what you expected.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You can pay your PAYE bill in a number of different ways.

    ", + "

    Interest and penalties

    ", + "

    HMRC will usually tell you if they think you\u2019ve paid late - either in a letter or a notice through PAYE Online. You\u2019ll be charged interest daily at the standard rate.

    ", + "

    You may be charged a penalty if you do not pay on time or in full.

    ", + "

    Sending an FPS after payday

    ", + "

    If you send a late Full Payment Submission (FPS) without a valid reason, you may get:

    ", + "
  • an online penalty warning message for the first late FPS you send each month
    • ", + "
  • a penalty for reporting late
    • ", + "

    When you can send a late FPS report

    ", + "

    In certain situations you can send a Full Payment Submission (FPS) after you pay your employee.

    ", + "Situation | When to report", + "Your employee does not give you a P45 and is either paid less than \u00a3120 a week or has worked with you for less than a week | Within 7 days of paying your employee", + "Your employees\u2019 payday is on a non-banking day, for example weekend or bank holiday | On the next banking day - but enter the regular payment date in the \u2018payment date\u2019 field and select \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 code G", + "You make an ad hoc payment outside of your regular payroll, for example you\u2019re told after you\u2019ve sent your FPS about a new starter or a missed overtime payment. (Payments made regularly outside your normal payroll run are not ad hoc) | In your next regular FPS or an additional FPS", + "You pay your employee an expense or benefit where you must pay National Insurance, but not Income Tax, through payroll. This depends on the benefit. | Within 14 days of the end of the tax month", + "You cannot calculate or report your employee\u2019s pay in advance because it\u2019s based on their work on the day, for example harvest workers paid based on how much they pick | Within 7 days of paying your employee", + "You make certain non-cash payments to your employee | As soon as possible within 14 days of the end of the tax month, or when you deduct tax and National Insurance (if earlier). For complex situations (for example when exercising share options) contact HMRC", + "You\u2019ve not received your employer PAYE reference yet | As soon as possible after you receive your employer PAYE reference - select \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 code G", + "

    Put the reason for reporting after payday on your FPS for each late submission. If you do not, or if HMRC disagrees with the reason or you do not send an FPS, they may send you an online penalty warning message and a penalty.

    ", + "

    Viewing late FPS reports in your HMRC online account

    ", + "

    If you send an FPS in the same tax month as you paid your employees, you can view the report in your HMRC online account from the 12th of the next tax month.

    ", + "

    This is different if you send an FPS in the tax month after payday.

    ", + "Late FPS sent (in tax month after payday) | HMRC online account updated", + "Between 6th and 11th | By the 14th", + "Between 12th and 19th | Within 2 days", + "On or after the 20th - and you did not send a FPS the previous tax month | Within 2 days", + "On or after the 20th - and you sent a FPS the previous tax month | By the 12th of the next tax month", + "

    Reporting employee changes

    ", + "

    You need to report more information on a Full Payment Submission (FPS) if:

    ", + "
  • it includes a new employee
    • ", + "
  • an employee leaves
    • ", + "
  • you start paying someone a workplace pension
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s the last report of the tax year
    • ", + "
  • an employee changes their address
    • ", + "

    You may also need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if an employee:

    ", + "
  • becomes a director
    • ", + "
  • reaches State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • goes to work abroad
    • ", + "
  • goes on jury service
    • ", + "
  • dies
    • ", + "
  • joins or leaves a contracted-out company pension
    • ", + "
  • turns 16
    • ", + "
  • is called up as a reservist
    • ", + "
  • changes gender
    • ", + "

    Employee takes a leave of absence

    ", + "

    Once your employee has started their leave of absence, put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Irregular payment pattern indicator\u2019 in all FPS reports you send to HMRC until the employee returns.

    ", + "

    Changing paydays

    ", + "

    You can move your payday to a different day or change how often you pay your employees.

    ", + "

    Moving your payday

    ", + "

    If the new payday is in the same tax month or week, treat the first new payment as an extra payment for that period.

    ", + "

    You do not need to do anything special when recording pay if the new payday is in a different tax month or week.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on how to calculate National Insurance for your employees after changing paydays.

    ", + "

    Changing how often you pay your employees

    ", + "

    You must contact the employer helpline if you pay employees less often so HMRC do not send you a non-filing notice through PAYE Online.

    ", + "

    Most payroll software can automatically manage any changes to how often you pay your employees (for example from monthly to weekly) and work out deductions correctly.

    ", + "

    Using Basic PAYE Tools

    ", + "

    There are some limitations on when you can make these changes if you use HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) Basic PAYE Tools.

    ", + "

    Paying your employees more often

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not already paid your employees, use the new earnings period (in the \u2018Pay frequency\u2019 field) in your Full Payment Submission (FPS) when you next pay them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid your employees, you can use the new earnings period from the next tax month.

    ", + "

    Paying your employees less often

    ", + "

    If a payment from your old pay period also takes place in your new pay period, calculate and deduct National Insurance on both. Do not deduct more National Insurance than would\u2019ve been due on the combined total of both payments.

    ", + "

    If an employee also joins your contracted-out pension scheme during this period, deduct National Insurance at the contracted-out rate on the total of both payments.

    ", + "

    Deduct tax based on the new earnings period the next time you pay your employees.

    ", + "

    Annual payroll scheme for PAYE

    ", + "

    If you pay your employees only once a year, and all in the same tax month, you can register with HMRC as an \u2018annual scheme\u2019.

    ", + "

    This means you send reports and make payments to HMRC annually. If you pay your employees on different days in the same tax month, you need to send an FPS on or before each payday. You do not need to send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS) for the months when you do not pay your employees.

    ", + "

    To register, contact the employer helpline and tell them which month you pay your employees. You\u2019ll need your 13-character Accounts Office reference number - this is on the letter HMRC sent you when you registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    Changing when you pay your employees

    ", + "

    If you change the month you pay your employees, send an FPS in the month that you want the new annual payment month to move to. If it\u2019s later than the month you usually pay your employees, you\u2019ll need to send an EPS for that month to tell HMRC you\u2019re not paying anyone.

    ", + "

    If you send more than one FPS in a year, HMRC will assume you no longer wish to operate as an annual scheme and send you a letter to confirm.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/new-employee": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-employee", + "title": "Tell HMRC about a new employee", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) when you take on a new employee and be registered as an employer.\n\nBefore you pay your new starter follow these steps.\n\n- Check you need to pay them through PAYE.\n\n- Get employee information to work out their tax code - if you do not have their P45, use HMRC\u2019s \u2018starter checklist\u2019 (which replaced the P46).\n\n- Find out if they need to repay a student loan.\n\n- Use these details to set up your new employee in your payroll software.\n\n- Register your employee with HMRC using a Full Payment Submission (FPS).\n\nYou must also follow the same steps as when you start employing staff for the first time, for example checking they can work in the UK.\n\n## Check you need to pay someone through PAYE\n\nYou usually have to pay your employees through PAYE if they earn \u00a3120 or more a week (\u00a3520 a month or \u00a36,240 a year).\n\nYou do not need to pay self-employed workers through PAYE.\n\n## Working out if someone is an employee or self-employed\n\nAs a general rule, someone is:\n\n- employed if they work for you and do not have any of the risks associated with running a business\n\n- self-employed if they run their own business and are responsible for its success or failure\n\nYou must check each worker\u2019s employment status to make sure they\u2019re not self-employed. If you get it wrong you may have to pay extra tax, National Insurance, interest and a penalty.\n\n## Temporary or agency workers\n\nYou need to operate PAYE on temporary workers that you pay directly, as long as they\u2019re classed as an employee.\n\nYou do not need to operate PAYE if a worker is paid by an agency, unless the agency\u2019s based abroad and does not have a trading address or representative in the UK.\n\nThere are special rules for harvest workers or shoot beaters employed for less than 2 weeks.\n\n## Employees you only pay once\n\nYou operate PAYE differently for employees you only pay once.\n\nSet up a payroll record with their full name and address. If you give them a payroll ID, make sure it\u2019s unique.\n\nWhen you send your Full Payment Submission (FPS):\n\n- use tax code \u20180T\u2019 on a \u2018Week 1\u2019 or \u2018Month 1\u2019 basis\n\n- put \u2018IO\u2019 in the \u2018Pay frequency\u2019 field\n\n- do not put a start or leaving date\n\nGive your employee a statement showing their pay before and after deductions, and the payment date, for example a payslip or a letter. Do not give them a P45.\n\n## Volunteers\n\nYou do not need to operate PAYE on volunteers if they only get expenses that are not subject to tax or National Insurance - check if their expenses are affected.\n\n## Students\n\nOperate PAYE on students in the same way as you do for other employees.\n\n## Get employee information\n\nYou need to get certain information from your employee so you can set them up with the correct tax code and starter declaration on your payroll software.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get most of this information from the employee\u2019s P45, but they\u2019ll have to fill in a \u2018starter checklist\u2019 (which replaced the P46 form) if they do not have a recent P45.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your employee\u2019s:\n\n- date of birth\n\n- gender\n\n- full address\n\n- start date\n\nFrom your employee\u2019s P45, you\u2019ll need their:\n\n- full name\n\n- leaving date from their last job\n\n- total pay and tax paid to date for the current tax year\n\n- student loan deduction status\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- existing tax code\n\nYou must keep this information in your payroll records for the current year and the 3 following tax years.\n\n## If your employee does not have a P45\n\nAsk your employee for this information if you do not have their P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.\n\nThe P46 form is no longer used.\n\nGet the information by asking your new employee to complete HMRC\u2019s new starter checklist.\n\n## If your employee has more than one P45\n\nYou should use the P45 with the latest date and give the other one back to the employee.\n\nIf they have the same leaving date use the P45 with the highest tax free allowance (or least additional pay for a K code) and give the other one back to the employee.\n\n## Work out your employee\u2019s tax code\n\nWhen you\u2019ve got your employee\u2019s information you can use a tool to:\n\n- work out their tax code and starter declaration\n\n- find out what else to do before you pay your employee for the first time\n\nWork out your employee\u2019s tax code\n\n## Employees you only pay once and secondments from abroad\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to work out tax codes for employees who you only pay once or who are seconded from abroad.\n\n## Student loan repayments\n\nYou should make student loan deductions if any of the following apply:\n\n- your new employee\u2019s P45 shows that deductions should continue\n\n- your new employee tells you they\u2019re repaying a student loan or a postgraduate loan, for example on a starter checklist\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sends you form SL1 or form PGL1 and your employee earns over the income threshold for their loan\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou should follow these steps even if your employee has a P45 from their last job.\n\nAsk your new employee if they have a student loan or a postgraduate loan - they may have both. If they finished their studies after 6 April in the current tax year, they will not start to repay their loan until the next tax year.\n\nRecord their answer in your payroll software. You do not need to calculate their loan recovery repayments - your payroll software will do this for you.\n\nIf your employee has a student loan, ask them to sign in to their repayment account and check which plan to use for deductions. They can contact the Student Loans Company if they\u2019re still not sure.\n\nIf they cannot tell you, use Plan 1 in your payroll software until you get a student loan start notice (SL1).\n\nWhere the employee is on more than one plan, start deductions for the plan with the lowest recovery threshold until you get an SL1. Check the student loan recovery thresholds.\n\nReport these deductions to HMRC when you pay your employee.\n\n## Special rules\n\nIn some cases there are special rules for making student loan deductions. Examples include:\n\n- you\u2019re sent a court order to collect a debt directly from your employee\u2019s earnings\n\n- you change how often you pay your employee, such as from weekly to monthly\n\n- the employee has more than one job with you and you need to aggregate earnings\n\n## Stopping deductions\n\nHMRC will tell you if you need to stop making loan deductions from your employees\u2019 pay. They\u2019ll send you:\n\n- form SL2 for student loans\n\n- form PGL2 for postgraduate loans\n\nDo not stop making deductions if an employee asks you to.\n\n## Registering your new employee\n\nRegister your new employee with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by including their details on a Full Payment Submission (FPS) the first time you pay them.\n\nOn this FPS, include:\n\n- information you\u2019ve collected from them\n\n- the tax code and starter declaration that you\u2019ve worked out\n\n- pay and deductions (for example tax, National Insurance and student loan deductions) since they started working for you - do not include figures from their previous job\n\n## Giving your employee a payroll ID\n\nYou can assign payroll IDs to your employees. The ID must be unique - so use a different one if:\n\n- you re-employ someone - if you do this within the same tax year restart their year-to-date information from \u2018\u00a30.00\u2019\n\n- an employee has more than one job in the same PAYE scheme\n\nIf you re-use a previous payroll ID, you\u2019ll create a duplicate record and report payroll incorrectly.\n\n## Special rules\n\nThere are special rules for making deductions for:\n\n- female employees entitled to reduced National Insurance\n\n- employees you only pay once\n\n- harvest workers and casual beaters\n\n- certain employees with more than one job\n\n## Late P45 or starter checklist\n\nYou may need to update your payroll records if your employee gives you a P45 or starter checklist after you\u2019ve registered them with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou only need a starter checklist from your employee to work out their tax code if they do not have a P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.\n\n## If HMRC has sent you a tax code\n\nUse the tax code that HMRC has sent you if your employee gives you a P45 or starter checklist after you\u2019ve first paid them. Deduct any student loan repayments from the date your employee started with you.\n\n## If HMRC has not sent you a code\n\n## Late P45\n\nUse your employee\u2019s P45 to work out their tax code and update their details in your payroll software.\n\nIf your employee left their last job after 5 April 2021, you should also update both the \u2018Total pay to date\u2019 and \u2018Total tax to date\u2019 fields in your payroll software for the first week you included this information. If your software finds errors, update the fields with the correct figures.\n\n## Late starter checklist\n\nUse your employee\u2019s starter checklist to update the starter declaration in your payroll records.\n\nKeep using the tax code you used in your first Full Payment Submission (FPS) until HMRC sends you a new one.\n\n## When you next pay your employee\n\nDo not enter another start date on the FPS, even if you have not reported a start date before.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) when you take on a new employee and be registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    Before you pay your new starter follow these steps.

    ", + "
  • Check you need to pay them through PAYE.
    • ", + "
  • Get employee information to work out their tax code - if you do not have their P45, use HMRC\u2019s \u2018starter checklist\u2019 (which replaced the P46).
    • ", + "
  • Find out if they need to repay a student loan.
    • ", + "
  • Use these details to set up your new employee in your payroll software.
    • ", + "
  • Register your employee with HMRC using a Full Payment Submission (FPS).
    • ", + "

    You must also follow the same steps as when you start employing staff for the first time, for example checking they can work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Check you need to pay someone through PAYE

    ", + "

    You usually have to pay your employees through PAYE if they earn \u00a3120 or more a week (\u00a3520 a month or \u00a36,240 a year).

    ", + "

    You do not need to pay self-employed workers through PAYE.

    ", + "

    Working out if someone is an employee or self-employed

    ", + "

    As a general rule, someone is:

    ", + "
  • employed if they work for you and do not have any of the risks associated with running a business
    • ", + "
  • self-employed if they run their own business and are responsible for its success or failure
    • ", + "

    You must check each worker\u2019s employment status to make sure they\u2019re not self-employed. If you get it wrong you may have to pay extra tax, National Insurance, interest and a penalty.

    ", + "

    Temporary or agency workers

    ", + "

    You need to operate PAYE on temporary workers that you pay directly, as long as they\u2019re classed as an employee.

    ", + "

    You do not need to operate PAYE if a worker is paid by an agency, unless the agency\u2019s based abroad and does not have a trading address or representative in the UK.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for harvest workers or shoot beaters employed for less than 2 weeks.

    ", + "

    Employees you only pay once

    ", + "

    You operate PAYE differently for employees you only pay once.

    ", + "

    Set up a payroll record with their full name and address. If you give them a payroll ID, make sure it\u2019s unique.

    ", + "

    When you send your Full Payment Submission (FPS):

    ", + "
  • use tax code \u20180T\u2019 on a \u2018Week 1\u2019 or \u2018Month 1\u2019 basis
    • ", + "
  • put \u2018IO\u2019 in the \u2018Pay frequency\u2019 field
    • ", + "
  • do not put a start or leaving date
    • ", + "

    Give your employee a statement showing their pay before and after deductions, and the payment date, for example a payslip or a letter. Do not give them a P45.

    ", + "

    Volunteers

    ", + "

    You do not need to operate PAYE on volunteers if they only get expenses that are not subject to tax or National Insurance - check if their expenses are affected.

    ", + "

    Students

    ", + "

    Operate PAYE on students in the same way as you do for other employees.

    ", + "

    Get employee information

    ", + "

    You need to get certain information from your employee so you can set them up with the correct tax code and starter declaration on your payroll software.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get most of this information from the employee\u2019s P45, but they\u2019ll have to fill in a \u2018starter checklist\u2019 (which replaced the P46 form) if they do not have a recent P45.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your employee\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • gender
    • ", + "
  • full address
    • ", + "
  • start date
    • ", + "

    From your employee\u2019s P45, you\u2019ll need their:

    ", + "
  • full name
    • ", + "
  • leaving date from their last job
    • ", + "
  • total pay and tax paid to date for the current tax year
    • ", + "
  • student loan deduction status
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • existing tax code
    • ", + "

    You must keep this information in your payroll records for the current year and the 3 following tax years.

    ", + "

    If your employee does not have a P45

    ", + "

    Ask your employee for this information if you do not have their P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    The P46 form is no longer used.

    ", + "

    Get the information by asking your new employee to complete HMRC\u2019s new starter checklist.

    ", + "

    If your employee has more than one P45

    ", + "

    You should use the P45 with the latest date and give the other one back to the employee.

    ", + "

    If they have the same leaving date use the P45 with the highest tax free allowance (or least additional pay for a K code) and give the other one back to the employee.

    ", + "

    Work out your employee\u2019s tax code

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve got your employee\u2019s information you can use a tool to:

    ", + "
  • work out their tax code and starter declaration
    • ", + "
  • find out what else to do before you pay your employee for the first time
    • ", + "

    Work out your employee\u2019s tax code

    ", + "

    Employees you only pay once and secondments from abroad

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to work out tax codes for employees who you only pay once or who are seconded from abroad.

    ", + "

    Student loan repayments

    ", + "

    You should make student loan deductions if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your new employee\u2019s P45 shows that deductions should continue
    • ", + "
  • your new employee tells you they\u2019re repaying a student loan or a postgraduate loan, for example on a starter checklist
    • ", + "
  • HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sends you form SL1 or form PGL1 and your employee earns over the income threshold for their loan
    • ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    You should follow these steps even if your employee has a P45 from their last job.

    ", + "

    Ask your new employee if they have a student loan or a postgraduate loan - they may have both. If they finished their studies after 6 April in the current tax year, they will not start to repay their loan until the next tax year.

    ", + "

    Record their answer in your payroll software. You do not need to calculate their loan recovery repayments - your payroll software will do this for you.

    ", + "

    If your employee has a student loan, ask them to sign in to their repayment account and check which plan to use for deductions. They can contact the Student Loans Company if they\u2019re still not sure.

    ", + "

    If they cannot tell you, use Plan 1 in your payroll software until you get a student loan start notice (SL1).

    ", + "

    Where the employee is on more than one plan, start deductions for the plan with the lowest recovery threshold until you get an SL1. Check the student loan recovery thresholds.

    ", + "

    Report these deductions to HMRC when you pay your employee.

    ", + "

    Special rules

    ", + "

    In some cases there are special rules for making student loan deductions. Examples include:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re sent a court order to collect a debt directly from your employee\u2019s earnings
    • ", + "
  • you change how often you pay your employee, such as from weekly to monthly
    • ", + "
  • the employee has more than one job with you and you need to aggregate earnings
    • ", + "

    Stopping deductions

    ", + "

    HMRC will tell you if you need to stop making loan deductions from your employees\u2019 pay. They\u2019ll send you:

    ", + "
  • form SL2 for student loans
    • ", + "
  • form PGL2 for postgraduate loans
    • ", + "

    Do not stop making deductions if an employee asks you to.

    ", + "

    Registering your new employee

    ", + "

    Register your new employee with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by including their details on a Full Payment Submission (FPS) the first time you pay them.

    ", + "

    On this FPS, include:

    ", + "
  • information you\u2019ve collected from them
    • ", + "
  • the tax code and starter declaration that you\u2019ve worked out
    • ", + "
  • pay and deductions (for example tax, National Insurance and student loan deductions) since they started working for you - do not include figures from their previous job
    • ", + "

    Giving your employee a payroll ID

    ", + "

    You can assign payroll IDs to your employees. The ID must be unique - so use a different one if:

    ", + "
  • you re-employ someone - if you do this within the same tax year restart their year-to-date information from \u2018\u00a30.00\u2019
    • ", + "
  • an employee has more than one job in the same PAYE scheme
    • ", + "

    If you re-use a previous payroll ID, you\u2019ll create a duplicate record and report payroll incorrectly.

    ", + "

    Special rules

    ", + "

    There are special rules for making deductions for:

    ", + "
  • female employees entitled to reduced National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • employees you only pay once
    • ", + "
  • harvest workers and casual beaters
    • ", + "
  • certain employees with more than one job
    • ", + "

    Late P45 or starter checklist

    ", + "

    You may need to update your payroll records if your employee gives you a P45 or starter checklist after you\u2019ve registered them with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You only need a starter checklist from your employee to work out their tax code if they do not have a P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    If HMRC has sent you a tax code

    ", + "

    Use the tax code that HMRC has sent you if your employee gives you a P45 or starter checklist after you\u2019ve first paid them. Deduct any student loan repayments from the date your employee started with you.

    ", + "

    If HMRC has not sent you a code

    ", + "

    Late P45

    ", + "

    Use your employee\u2019s P45 to work out their tax code and update their details in your payroll software.

    ", + "

    If your employee left their last job after 5 April 2021, you should also update both the \u2018Total pay to date\u2019 and \u2018Total tax to date\u2019 fields in your payroll software for the first week you included this information. If your software finds errors, update the fields with the correct figures.

    ", + "

    Late starter checklist

    ", + "

    Use your employee\u2019s starter checklist to update the starter declaration in your payroll records.

    ", + "

    Keep using the tax code you used in your first Full Payment Submission (FPS) until HMRC sends you a new one.

    ", + "

    When you next pay your employee

    ", + "

    Do not enter another start date on the FPS, even if you have not reported a start date before.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/employee-tax-codes": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employee-tax-codes", + "title": "Understanding your employees' tax codes", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou put an employee\u2019s tax code into your payroll software to work out how much tax to deduct from their pay throughout the year.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide on tax codes if you\u2019re an employee.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nWhen you take on a new employee, you normally work out their tax code by using their P45. The code will usually be made up of several numbers and a letter, such as 1257L.\n\nYou usually need to update your employee\u2019s tax code at the start of a new tax year. If the tax code changes during the year, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will email you - you should update your payroll records as soon as possible.\n\n## Tax code 1257L\n\nThe most common tax code for tax year 2021 to 2022 is 1257L. It\u2019s used for most people with one job and no untaxed income, unpaid tax or taxable benefits (for example a company car).\n\n1257L is an emergency tax code only if followed by \u2018W1\u2019, \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018X\u2019. Emergency codes can be used if a new employee doesn\u2019t have a P45.\n\n## What the numbers mean\n\nThe numbers in an employee\u2019s tax code show how much tax-free income they get in that tax year.\n\nYou usually multiply the number in the tax code by 10 to get the total amount of income they can earn before being taxed.\n\nFor example, an employee with the tax code 1257L can earn \u00a312,570 before being taxed. If they earn \u00a327,000 per year, their taxable income is \u00a314,430.\n\nThe process is different if the employee has the letter \u2018K\u2019 in their tax code.\n\n## What the letters mean\n\nLetters in an employee\u2019s tax code refer to their situation and how it affects their Personal Allowance.\n\n| Code | How tax is deducted | When this code is usually used |\n\n| 0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up |\n\n| BR | From all income at the basic rate | For a second job or pension |\n\n| C | From income in the Welsh tax bands | For an employee whose main home is in Wales |\n\n| C0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee whose main home is in Wales hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up |\n\n| CBR | From all income at the basic rate in Wales | For a second job or pension |\n\n| CD0 | From all income at the higher rate in Wales | For a second job or pension |\n\n| CD1 | From all income at the additional rate in Wales | For a second job or pension |\n\n| D0 | From all income at the higher rate | For a second job or pension |\n\n| D1 | From all income at the additional rate | For a second job or pension |\n\n| L | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee entitled to the standard tax-free Personal Allowance |\n\n| M | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee whose spouse or civil partner has transferred some of their Personal Allowance |\n\n| N | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee who has transferred some of their Personal Allowance to their spouse or civil partner |\n\n| NT | No tax is deducted | Very specific cases, for example musicians who are regarded as self-employed and not subject to PAYE |\n\n| S | From income in the Scottish tax bands | For an employee whose main home is in Scotland |\n\n| S0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee whose main home is in Scotland hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up |\n\n| SBR | From all income at the basic rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| SD0 | From all income at the intermediate rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| SD1 | From all income at the higher rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| SD2 | From all income at the top rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| T | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | When HMRC needs to review some items with the employee |\n\n## If your employee\u2019s tax code has \u2018W1\u2019 or \u2018M1\u2019 at the end\n\nW1 (week 1) and M1 (month 1) are emergency tax codes and appear at the end of an employee\u2019s tax code, for example \u2018577L W1\u2019 or \u2018577L M1\u2019. Calculate your employee\u2019s tax only on what they are paid in the current pay period, not the whole year.\n\n## Tax codes with the letter \u2018K\u2019\n\nThe letter K is used in an employee\u2019s tax code when deductions due for company benefits, state pension or tax owed from previous years are greater than their Personal Allowance.\n\nMultiply the number in their tax code by 10 to show how much should be added to their taxable income before deductions are calculated.\n\nThe tax deduction for each pay period can\u2019t be more than half an employee\u2019s pre-tax pay or pension.\n\n## Changes during the tax year\n\nUsually someone\u2019s tax code changes if their tax-free income (Personal Allowance) goes up or down, for example they start or stop receiving a taxable benefit like a company car.\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you an email alert if one of your employees\u2019 tax codes changes.\n\n- Access the new tax code in PAYE Online (in \u2018tax code notices\u2019), the PAYE Desktop Viewer application, or in your payroll software (if it has this feature). Check if your employee\u2019s previous pay and tax are included with the new tax code. If they are, note these figures.\n\n- As soon as possible, and before you next pay your employee, update their payroll record with their new tax code. Add their previous pay and tax, if you received these figures with the new tax code.\n\nA tax code notice is sometimes called a P6 form.\n\nIf you receive an employee\u2019s new tax code too late to use in the tax year, you should use it in the new tax year.\n\n## Updating for the new tax year\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you between January and March about any new tax codes to use for employees in the new tax year. This starts on 6 April.\n\nIf an employee\u2019s tax code isn\u2019t changing, HMRC won\u2019t contact you and you should carry forward the employee\u2019s tax code to the new tax year.\n\nIf your employee\u2019s tax code ends with \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018W1\u2019 (\u2018month 1\u2019 or \u2018week 1\u2019), don\u2019t carry this part of the code into the new tax year.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You put an employee\u2019s tax code into your payroll software to work out how much tax to deduct from their pay throughout the year.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate guide on tax codes if you\u2019re an employee.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    When you take on a new employee, you normally work out their tax code by using their P45. The code will usually be made up of several numbers and a letter, such as 1257L.

    ", + "

    You usually need to update your employee\u2019s tax code at the start of a new tax year. If the tax code changes during the year, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will email you - you should update your payroll records as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    Tax code 1257L

    ", + "

    The most common tax code for tax year 2021 to 2022 is 1257L. It\u2019s used for most people with one job and no untaxed income, unpaid tax or taxable benefits (for example a company car).

    ", + "

    1257L is an emergency tax code only if followed by \u2018W1\u2019, \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018X\u2019. Emergency codes can be used if a new employee doesn\u2019t have a P45.

    ", + "

    What the numbers mean

    ", + "

    The numbers in an employee\u2019s tax code show how much tax-free income they get in that tax year.

    ", + "

    You usually multiply the number in the tax code by 10 to get the total amount of income they can earn before being taxed.

    ", + "

    For example, an employee with the tax code 1257L can earn \u00a312,570 before being taxed. If they earn \u00a327,000 per year, their taxable income is \u00a314,430.

    ", + "

    The process is different if the employee has the letter \u2018K\u2019 in their tax code.

    ", + "

    What the letters mean

    ", + "

    Letters in an employee\u2019s tax code refer to their situation and how it affects their Personal Allowance.

    ", + "Code | How tax is deducted | When this code is usually used", + "0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up", + "BR | From all income at the basic rate | For a second job or pension", + "C | From income in the Welsh tax bands | For an employee whose main home is in Wales", + "C0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee whose main home is in Wales hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up", + "CBR | From all income at the basic rate in Wales | For a second job or pension", + "CD0 | From all income at the higher rate in Wales | For a second job or pension", + "CD1 | From all income at the additional rate in Wales | For a second job or pension", + "D0 | From all income at the higher rate | For a second job or pension", + "D1 | From all income at the additional rate | For a second job or pension", + "L | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee entitled to the standard tax-free Personal Allowance", + "M | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee whose spouse or civil partner has transferred some of their Personal Allowance", + "N | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee who has transferred some of their Personal Allowance to their spouse or civil partner", + "NT | No tax is deducted | Very specific cases, for example musicians who are regarded as self-employed and not subject to PAYE", + "S | From income in the Scottish tax bands | For an employee whose main home is in Scotland", + "S0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee whose main home is in Scotland hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up", + "SBR | From all income at the basic rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension", + "SD0 | From all income at the intermediate rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension", + "SD1 | From all income at the higher rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension", + "SD2 | From all income at the top rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension", + "T | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | When HMRC needs to review some items with the employee", + "

    If your employee\u2019s tax code has \u2018W1\u2019 or \u2018M1\u2019 at the end

    ", + "

    W1 (week 1) and M1 (month 1) are emergency tax codes and appear at the end of an employee\u2019s tax code, for example \u2018577L W1\u2019 or \u2018577L M1\u2019. Calculate your employee\u2019s tax only on what they are paid in the current pay period, not the whole year.

    ", + "

    Tax codes with the letter \u2018K\u2019

    ", + "

    The letter K is used in an employee\u2019s tax code when deductions due for company benefits, state pension or tax owed from previous years are greater than their Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Multiply the number in their tax code by 10 to show how much should be added to their taxable income before deductions are calculated.

    ", + "

    The tax deduction for each pay period can\u2019t be more than half an employee\u2019s pre-tax pay or pension.

    ", + "

    Changes during the tax year

    ", + "

    Usually someone\u2019s tax code changes if their tax-free income (Personal Allowance) goes up or down, for example they start or stop receiving a taxable benefit like a company car.

    ", + "
  • HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you an email alert if one of your employees\u2019 tax codes changes.
    • ", + "
  • Access the new tax code in PAYE Online (in \u2018tax code notices\u2019), the PAYE Desktop Viewer application, or in your payroll software (if it has this feature). Check if your employee\u2019s previous pay and tax are included with the new tax code. If they are, note these figures.
    • ", + "
  • As soon as possible, and before you next pay your employee, update their payroll record with their new tax code. Add their previous pay and tax, if you received these figures with the new tax code.
    • ", + "

    A tax code notice is sometimes called a P6 form.

    ", + "

    If you receive an employee\u2019s new tax code too late to use in the tax year, you should use it in the new tax year.

    ", + "

    Updating for the new tax year

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you between January and March about any new tax codes to use for employees in the new tax year. This starts on 6 April.

    ", + "

    If an employee\u2019s tax code isn\u2019t changing, HMRC won\u2019t contact you and you should carry forward the employee\u2019s tax code to the new tax year.

    ", + "

    If your employee\u2019s tax code ends with \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018W1\u2019 (\u2018month 1\u2019 or \u2018week 1\u2019), don\u2019t carry this part of the code into the new tax year.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/what-to-do-when-an-employee-dies": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-to-do-when-an-employee-dies", + "title": "What to do when an employee dies", + "content": "## Reporting a workplace death\n\nYou must report a death in the workplace (except in Northern Ireland) to the:\n\n- police\n\n- Health and Safety Executive (HSE)\n\nReport a workplace death in Northern Ireland to the Health and Safety Executive for Northern Ireland (HSENI).\n\nYou must report any deaths or serious injuries, even if the employee is working off-site at the time.\n\n## Paying an employee who has died\n\nYou must make all outstanding payments when an employee dies.\n\nPut the date they died into the \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 field in your next Full Payment Submission (FPS), and deduct tax using their existing tax code. Use category letter X so that you do not deduct National Insurance. Do not produce a P45.\n\nPayments to a person who has died are usually made to the personal representative or executor of that person\u2019s estate.\n\n## If you make a mistake\n\nIf an employee dies and you did not report it in the right FPS, follow the guidance for when an employee leaves.\n\n## Making a late payment\n\nIf you need to pay someone after you\u2019ve sent an FPS with their \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 (the date they died):\n\n- use tax code 0T on a \u2018week 1\u2019 or \u2018month 1\u2019 basis\n\n- include their \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 and put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Payment after leaving indicator\u2019 field in your FPS\n\n- choose \u2018H - Correction to an earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late payment reason\u2019 field\n\n- update the year-to-date figures - or if it\u2019s a new tax year, make sure the year-to-date figures only include the additional payment\n\n## Paying a pensioner who has died\n\nYou must make all outstanding payments when someone receiving your company pension dies.\n\nPut the date they died in the \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 field in your next Full Payment Submission (FPS), and work out their final pension payment.\n\n## Working out tax\n\nUse their existing tax code unless it\u2019s a new tax year by the time you pay them.\n\nIf it\u2019s a new tax year and you have not reported their \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 (the date they died) on an FPS yet, use their new tax code. Otherwise, use tax code 0T on a \u2018week 1\u2019 or \u2018month 1\u2019 basis and put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Payment after leaving indicator\u2019 field in your FPS.\n\nPayments to a person who has died are usually made to the personal representative or executor of that person\u2019s estate.\n\n## If you pay someone after their death\n\nIf you\u2019ve made a pension payment to someone after they died (for example because you were told about their death late), you should get the overpayment back from their executor.\n\nPut the pensioner\u2019s \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 (the date they died) on your next FPS, and choose \u2018H - Correction to an earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field.\n\nIf you do not know the date they died, put the date of their final pension payment as their \u2018Date of leaving\u2019.\n\nAmend the year-to-date figures if you get the overpayment back.\n\nIf it\u2019s a new tax year by the time you find out a pensioner has died:\n\n- put \u20180.00\u2019 in the year-to-date figures for pay and tax in your FPS\n\n- send either an Earlier Year Update (EYU) or an FPS with the correct year to date figures for the previous year", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Reporting a workplace death

    ", + "

    You must report a death in the workplace (except in Northern Ireland) to the:

    ", + "
  • police
    • ", + "
  • Health and Safety Executive (HSE)
    • ", + "

    Report a workplace death in Northern Ireland to the Health and Safety Executive for Northern Ireland (HSENI).

    ", + "

    You must report any deaths or serious injuries, even if the employee is working off-site at the time.

    ", + "

    Paying an employee who has died

    ", + "

    You must make all outstanding payments when an employee dies.

    ", + "

    Put the date they died into the \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 field in your next Full Payment Submission (FPS), and deduct tax using their existing tax code. Use category letter X so that you do not deduct National Insurance. Do not produce a P45.

    ", + "

    Payments to a person who has died are usually made to the personal representative or executor of that person\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    If you make a mistake

    ", + "

    If an employee dies and you did not report it in the right FPS, follow the guidance for when an employee leaves.

    ", + "

    Making a late payment

    ", + "

    If you need to pay someone after you\u2019ve sent an FPS with their \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 (the date they died):

    ", + "
  • use tax code 0T on a \u2018week 1\u2019 or \u2018month 1\u2019 basis
    • ", + "
  • include their \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 and put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Payment after leaving indicator\u2019 field in your FPS
    • ", + "
  • choose \u2018H - Correction to an earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late payment reason\u2019 field
    • ", + "
  • update the year-to-date figures - or if it\u2019s a new tax year, make sure the year-to-date figures only include the additional payment
    • ", + "

    Paying a pensioner who has died

    ", + "

    You must make all outstanding payments when someone receiving your company pension dies.

    ", + "

    Put the date they died in the \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 field in your next Full Payment Submission (FPS), and work out their final pension payment.

    ", + "

    Working out tax

    ", + "

    Use their existing tax code unless it\u2019s a new tax year by the time you pay them.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s a new tax year and you have not reported their \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 (the date they died) on an FPS yet, use their new tax code. Otherwise, use tax code 0T on a \u2018week 1\u2019 or \u2018month 1\u2019 basis and put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Payment after leaving indicator\u2019 field in your FPS.

    ", + "

    Payments to a person who has died are usually made to the personal representative or executor of that person\u2019s estate.

    ", + "

    If you pay someone after their death

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve made a pension payment to someone after they died (for example because you were told about their death late), you should get the overpayment back from their executor.

    ", + "

    Put the pensioner\u2019s \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 (the date they died) on your next FPS, and choose \u2018H - Correction to an earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field.

    ", + "

    If you do not know the date they died, put the date of their final pension payment as their \u2018Date of leaving\u2019.

    ", + "

    Amend the year-to-date figures if you get the overpayment back.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s a new tax year by the time you find out a pensioner has died:

    ", + "
  • put \u20180.00\u2019 in the year-to-date figures for pay and tax in your FPS
    • ", + "
  • send either an Earlier Year Update (EYU) or an FPS with the correct year to date figures for the previous year
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions-employers": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions-employers", + "title": "Set up and manage a workplace pension scheme", + "content": "## Employers and eligible staff\n\nEmployers have to provide a workplace pension scheme for eligible staff as soon as your first member of staff starts working for you (known as your \u2018duties start date\u2019).\n\n## Check you\u2019re an employer\n\nYou\u2019re usually an employer if you deduct tax and National Insurance contributions from an employee\u2019s wages.\n\nCheck you\u2019re an employer if you\u2019re not sure what your pension responsibilities are, for example you employ a carer or someone to work in your home.\n\n## Who you must enrol\n\nYou must enrol and make an employer\u2019s contribution for all staff who:\n\n- are aged between 22 and the State Pension age\n\n- earn at least \u00a310,000 a year\n\n- normally work in the UK (this includes people who are based in the UK but travel abroad for work)\n\nIf staff become eligible because of a change in their age or earnings, you must put them into your pension scheme and write to them within 6 weeks of the day they meet the criteria.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure what the state pension age is you can use the State Pension age calculator to find out.\n\nYou do not have to enrol an employee if they give you proof of their lifetime allowance protection.\n\n## How to set up a workplace pension scheme\n\nYou must set up a workplace pension scheme for eligible staff if you do not already offer one.\n\nUse The Pensions Regulator\u2019s tool for employers to find out what you need to do and when you need to do it.\n\nIf you already have a workplace pension scheme that you\u2019d like to use for automatic enrolment, you must ask the provider if it meets the rules.\n\n## How much you must pay\n\nYou must pay at least 3% of your employee\u2019s \u2018qualifying earnings\u2019 into your staff\u2019s pension scheme.\n\nCheck the pension scheme you\u2019re using to find out what counts as \u2018qualifying earnings\u2019.\n\nUnder most schemes, it\u2019s the employee\u2019s total earnings between \u00a36,240 and \u00a350,270 a year before tax. Total earnings include:\n\n- salary or wages\n\n- bonuses and commission\n\n- overtime\n\n- statutory sick pay\n\n- statutory maternity, paternity or adoption pay\n\n## Paying contributions\n\nYou must deduct contributions from your staff\u2019s pay each month. You\u2019ll need to pay these into your staff\u2019s pension scheme by the 22nd day (19th if you pay by cheque) of the next month.\n\nYou must pay your contributions for each employee by the date you\u2019ve agreed with your provider every time you run payroll. You must backdate any missed payments.\n\nYou may be fined if you pay late or do not pay the minimum contribution for each member of staff.\n\n## Manage your workplace pension scheme\n\nWhen you\u2019ve set up a workplace pension scheme, you must:\n\n- check if and when staff should be re-enrolled\n\n- manage requests to join and leave your pension scheme\n\n- keep records about how you\u2019ve met your legal duties\n\n- check if existing staff should be added to your pension scheme, for example when they earn a certain amount\n\n## Re-enrolment and re-declaration\n\nEvery 3 years after your first member of staff starts working for you, you must re-enrol staff into your pension scheme if they:\n\n- left your pension scheme more than 12 months before your re-enrolment date\n\n- are still in your pension scheme but pay below the minimum contributions level\n\nIf staff left your pension scheme 12 months or less before your next re-enrolment date, you can choose to re-enrol them on that date or wait until the next re-enrolment date in three years, if they\u2019re still eligible.\n\nYou must write to eligible staff within 6 weeks after your re-enrolment date to tell them you have put them back into your pension scheme.\n\nUse The Pensions Regulator\u2019s tool to find out your dates for re-enrolment.\n\nYou must complete a re-declaration of compliance every time you carry out your re-enrolment duties, even if staff were not re-enrolled.\n\nIf you do not complete the re-declaration on time you could be fined.\n\n## Requests to join or leave your pension scheme\n\nAll staff can request to join your pension scheme if they want to. You must check they are eligible and put them into the scheme within 1 month of getting their request.\n\nStaff can leave your pension scheme whenever they want. You must take them out of the scheme within one month of getting their request.\n\nIf staff ask to leave your pension scheme within 1 month of joining (known as the \u2018opt-out window\u2019), you will have to refund their contributions within 1 month. If they ask to leave after the opt-out window, their contributions will be kept in their pension until they retire.\n\n## Keep records\n\nYou must keep records of how you\u2019ve met your legal duties for maintaining your pension scheme, including:\n\n- the names and addresses of staff enrolled\n\n- when contributions are paid in\n\n- all requests to join or leave your pension scheme\n\n- your pension scheme reference or registry number (PSR)\n\nYou must keep these records for 6 years except for requests to leave your pension scheme which must be kept for 4 years. You must also keep track of the ages and earnings of staff so you can enrol them when they become eligible.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Employers and eligible staff

    ", + "

    Employers have to provide a workplace pension scheme for eligible staff as soon as your first member of staff starts working for you (known as your \u2018duties start date\u2019).

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re an employer

    ", + "

    You\u2019re usually an employer if you deduct tax and National Insurance contributions from an employee\u2019s wages.

    ", + "

    Check you\u2019re an employer if you\u2019re not sure what your pension responsibilities are, for example you employ a carer or someone to work in your home.

    ", + "

    Who you must enrol

    ", + "

    You must enrol and make an employer\u2019s contribution for all staff who:

    ", + "
  • are aged between 22 and the State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • earn at least \u00a310,000 a year
    • ", + "
  • normally work in the UK (this includes people who are based in the UK but travel abroad for work)
    • ", + "

    If staff become eligible because of a change in their age or earnings, you must put them into your pension scheme and write to them within 6 weeks of the day they meet the criteria.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure what the state pension age is you can use the State Pension age calculator to find out.

    ", + "

    You do not have to enrol an employee if they give you proof of their lifetime allowance protection.

    ", + "

    How to set up a workplace pension scheme

    ", + "

    You must set up a workplace pension scheme for eligible staff if you do not already offer one.

    ", + "

    Use The Pensions Regulator\u2019s tool for employers to find out what you need to do and when you need to do it.

    ", + "

    If you already have a workplace pension scheme that you\u2019d like to use for automatic enrolment, you must ask the provider if it meets the rules.

    ", + "

    How much you must pay

    ", + "

    You must pay at least 3% of your employee\u2019s \u2018qualifying earnings\u2019 into your staff\u2019s pension scheme.

    ", + "

    Check the pension scheme you\u2019re using to find out what counts as \u2018qualifying earnings\u2019.

    ", + "

    Under most schemes, it\u2019s the employee\u2019s total earnings between \u00a36,240 and \u00a350,270 a year before tax. Total earnings include:

    ", + "
  • salary or wages
    • ", + "
  • bonuses and commission
    • ", + "
  • overtime
    • ", + "
  • statutory sick pay
    • ", + "
  • statutory maternity, paternity or adoption pay
    • ", + "

    Paying contributions

    ", + "

    You must deduct contributions from your staff\u2019s pay each month. You\u2019ll need to pay these into your staff\u2019s pension scheme by the 22nd day (19th if you pay by cheque) of the next month.

    ", + "

    You must pay your contributions for each employee by the date you\u2019ve agreed with your provider every time you run payroll. You must backdate any missed payments.

    ", + "

    You may be fined if you pay late or do not pay the minimum contribution for each member of staff.

    ", + "

    Manage your workplace pension scheme

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve set up a workplace pension scheme, you must:

    ", + "
  • check if and when staff should be re-enrolled
    • ", + "
  • manage requests to join and leave your pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • keep records about how you\u2019ve met your legal duties
    • ", + "
  • check if existing staff should be added to your pension scheme, for example when they earn a certain amount
    • ", + "

    Re-enrolment and re-declaration

    ", + "

    Every 3 years after your first member of staff starts working for you, you must re-enrol staff into your pension scheme if they:

    ", + "
  • left your pension scheme more than 12 months before your re-enrolment date
    • ", + "
  • are still in your pension scheme but pay below the minimum contributions level
    • ", + "

    If staff left your pension scheme 12 months or less before your next re-enrolment date, you can choose to re-enrol them on that date or wait until the next re-enrolment date in three years, if they\u2019re still eligible.

    ", + "

    You must write to eligible staff within 6 weeks after your re-enrolment date to tell them you have put them back into your pension scheme.

    ", + "

    Use The Pensions Regulator\u2019s tool to find out your dates for re-enrolment.

    ", + "

    You must complete a re-declaration of compliance every time you carry out your re-enrolment duties, even if staff were not re-enrolled.

    ", + "

    If you do not complete the re-declaration on time you could be fined.

    ", + "

    Requests to join or leave your pension scheme

    ", + "

    All staff can request to join your pension scheme if they want to. You must check they are eligible and put them into the scheme within 1 month of getting their request.

    ", + "

    Staff can leave your pension scheme whenever they want. You must take them out of the scheme within one month of getting their request.

    ", + "

    If staff ask to leave your pension scheme within 1 month of joining (known as the \u2018opt-out window\u2019), you will have to refund their contributions within 1 month. If they ask to leave after the opt-out window, their contributions will be kept in their pension until they retire.

    ", + "

    Keep records

    ", + "

    You must keep records of how you\u2019ve met your legal duties for maintaining your pension scheme, including:

    ", + "
  • the names and addresses of staff enrolled
    • ", + "
  • when contributions are paid in
    • ", + "
  • all requests to join or leave your pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • your pension scheme reference or registry number (PSR)
    • ", + "

    You must keep these records for 6 years except for requests to leave your pension scheme which must be kept for 4 years. You must also keep track of the ages and earnings of staff so you can enrol them when they become eligible.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/dbs-check-applicant-criminal-record": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dbs-check-applicant-criminal-record", + "title": "Check someone's criminal record as an employer", + "content": "## Checks you can make on someone's record\n\nEmployers can check the criminal record of someone applying for a role. This is known as getting a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check.\n\nYou can request a more detailed check for certain roles, for example in healthcare or childcare.\n\nThere are different rules for getting a criminal record check in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Types of check\n\nYou can request:\n\n- a basic check, which shows unspent convictions and conditional cautions\n\n- a standard check, which shows spent and unspent convictions, cautions, reprimands and final warnings\n\n- an enhanced check, which shows the same as a standard check plus any information held by local police that\u2019s considered relevant to the role\n\n- an enhanced check with barred lists, which shows the same as an enhanced check plus whether the applicant is on the list of people barred from doing the role\n\nIf you carry out criminal records checks, you must have a policy on employing ex-offenders and show it to any applicant who asks for it.\n\n## Checking your own criminal record\n\nYou can only request a basic check for yourself.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed, an organisation you\u2019re working with can get a standard, enhanced or enhanced with barred lists check for you, where the role is eligible.\n\nChildminders can get a check through Ofsted.\n\n## When to repeat a check\n\nA DBS check has no official expiry date. Any information included will be accurate at the time the check was carried out. It\u2019s up to you to decide when a new check is needed.\n\nIf the applicant has signed up for the DBS update service you can check whether their certificate is up to date online.\n\n## Certificates for previous roles\n\nYou can accept a certificate that was requested for a previous role but you must:\n\n- check the applicant\u2019s identity matches the details on the certificate\n\n- check the certificate is the right level and type for the role applied for\n\n- check to see if anything has changed if the applicant is signed up for the update service\n\n## Checks on someone who lived abroad\n\nDBS checks will not cover the time someone lived outside the UK.\n\nCheck the rules in the country they lived in.\n\n## Contact DBS\n\nContact DBS if you\u2019re not sure whether you can request a check.\n\n## Get a basic DBS check for an employee\n\nYou can request a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check on behalf of an employee.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process to request your own basic DBS check.\n\n## How to do a check\n\nYou\u2019ll need to choose a company from the list of \u2018responsible organisations\u2019 registered with DBS to process checks. They will carry out the check and tell you the outcome once it\u2019s complete.\n\nThe applicant will receive their certificate by post. They can also set up a DBS online account to view the certificate online.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nA basic check costs \u00a323. The responsible organisation may also charge an administration fee.\n\nIf you do more than 1,000 basic checks each year, you can become a responsible organisation. Contact DBS to find out what\u2019s involved.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA basic check takes up to 14 days.\n\nIf you\u2019re registered with DBS you can use the tracking service to track multiple applications.\n\n## Get a standard or enhanced DBS check for an employee\n\nHow you request a standard or enhanced check depends on how many checks you do a year.\n\nIf you do:\n\n- fewer than 100 checks a year you must use a company known as an \u2018umbrella body\u2019\n\n- 100 or more checks a year you can choose to register with DBS or use an umbrella body\n\n## How to do a check\n\n- Ask DBS or your umbrella body for an application form.\n\n- Give the form to the applicant to fill in.\n\n- The applicant will return the completed form to you along with documents proving their identity.\n\n- Send the completed application form to DBS or your umbrella body.\n\n- DBS will send a certificate to the applicant. You must ask the applicant to show you the certificate so you can check it\u2019s genuine.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nHow much it costs depends on the type of check.\n\n| Type of check | Cost |\n\n| Standard | \u00a323 |\n\n| Enhanced | \u00a340 |\n\n| Enhanced with barred lists | \u00a340 |\n\nChecks are free for volunteers.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt usually takes around 8 weeks but it can take longer if:\n\n- the details given for the check are incorrect\n\n- several police forces need to be involved in the check\n\nYou cannot pay more to get a faster check.\n\nIf you\u2019re registered with DBS you can use the tracking service to track multiple applications.\n\n## Checks on carers\n\nIf you provide care services for adults (for example in a care home), you can use a service called DBS Adult First.\n\nThis will confirm, usually within 2 days, if the applicant:\n\n- can start work, as long as they\u2019re supervised\n\n- should wait for the results of an enhanced check\n\nThe service costs an extra \u00a36.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Checks you can make on someone's record

    ", + "

    Employers can check the criminal record of someone applying for a role. This is known as getting a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check.

    ", + "

    You can request a more detailed check for certain roles, for example in healthcare or childcare.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for getting a criminal record check in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Types of check

    ", + "

    You can request:

    ", + "
  • a basic check, which shows unspent convictions and conditional cautions
    • ", + "
  • a standard check, which shows spent and unspent convictions, cautions, reprimands and final warnings
    • ", + "
  • an enhanced check, which shows the same as a standard check plus any information held by local police that\u2019s considered relevant to the role
    • ", + "
  • an enhanced check with barred lists, which shows the same as an enhanced check plus whether the applicant is on the list of people barred from doing the role
    • ", + "

    If you carry out criminal records checks, you must have a policy on employing ex-offenders and show it to any applicant who asks for it.

    ", + "

    Checking your own criminal record

    ", + "

    You can only request a basic check for yourself.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed, an organisation you\u2019re working with can get a standard, enhanced or enhanced with barred lists check for you, where the role is eligible.

    ", + "

    Childminders can get a check through Ofsted.

    ", + "

    When to repeat a check

    ", + "

    A DBS check has no official expiry date. Any information included will be accurate at the time the check was carried out. It\u2019s up to you to decide when a new check is needed.

    ", + "

    If the applicant has signed up for the DBS update service you can check whether their certificate is up to date online.

    ", + "

    Certificates for previous roles

    ", + "

    You can accept a certificate that was requested for a previous role but you must:

    ", + "
  • check the applicant\u2019s identity matches the details on the certificate
    • ", + "
  • check the certificate is the right level and type for the role applied for
    • ", + "
  • check to see if anything has changed if the applicant is signed up for the update service
    • ", + "

    Checks on someone who lived abroad

    ", + "

    DBS checks will not cover the time someone lived outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Check the rules in the country they lived in.

    ", + "

    Contact DBS

    ", + "

    Contact DBS if you\u2019re not sure whether you can request a check.

    ", + "

    Get a basic DBS check for an employee

    ", + "

    You can request a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check on behalf of an employee.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process to request your own basic DBS check.

    ", + "

    How to do a check

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to choose a company from the list of \u2018responsible organisations\u2019 registered with DBS to process checks. They will carry out the check and tell you the outcome once it\u2019s complete.

    ", + "

    The applicant will receive their certificate by post. They can also set up a DBS online account to view the certificate online.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    A basic check costs \u00a323. The responsible organisation may also charge an administration fee.

    ", + "

    If you do more than 1,000 basic checks each year, you can become a responsible organisation. Contact DBS to find out what\u2019s involved.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A basic check takes up to 14 days.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered with DBS you can use the tracking service to track multiple applications.

    ", + "

    Get a standard or enhanced DBS check for an employee

    ", + "

    How you request a standard or enhanced check depends on how many checks you do a year.

    ", + "

    If you do:

    ", + "
  • fewer than 100 checks a year you must use a company known as an \u2018umbrella body\u2019
    • ", + "
  • 100 or more checks a year you can choose to register with DBS or use an umbrella body
    • ", + "

    How to do a check

    ", + "
  • Ask DBS or your umbrella body for an application form.
    • ", + "
  • Give the form to the applicant to fill in.
    • ", + "
  • The applicant will return the completed form to you along with documents proving their identity.
    • ", + "
  • Send the completed application form to DBS or your umbrella body.
    • ", + "
  • DBS will send a certificate to the applicant. You must ask the applicant to show you the certificate so you can check it\u2019s genuine.
    • ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    How much it costs depends on the type of check.

    ", + "Type of check | Cost", + "Standard | \u00a323", + "Enhanced | \u00a340", + "Enhanced with barred lists | \u00a340", + "

    Checks are free for volunteers.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    It usually takes around 8 weeks but it can take longer if:

    ", + "
  • the details given for the check are incorrect
    • ", + "
  • several police forces need to be involved in the check
    • ", + "

    You cannot pay more to get a faster check.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered with DBS you can use the tracking service to track multiple applications.

    ", + "

    Checks on carers

    ", + "

    If you provide care services for adults (for example in a care home), you can use a service called DBS Adult First.

    ", + "

    This will confirm, usually within 2 days, if the applicant:

    ", + "
  • can start work, as long as they\u2019re supervised
    • ", + "
  • should wait for the results of an enhanced check
    • ", + "

    The service costs an extra \u00a36.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/jobcentre-plus-help-for-recruiters": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jobcentre-plus-help-for-recruiters", + "title": "Jobcentre Plus help for recruiters", + "content": "## Overview\n\nJobcentre Plus has a range of recruitment services that can help you as an employer. You could get:\n\n- recruitment advice, including specialist support for businesses\n\n- help setting up work trials to give you the opportunity to try out potential recruits\n\n- advice about offering work experience and apprenticeships\n\n- support from other employment schemes including sector-based training and recruitment, and business mentoring\n\n- support if you employ someone with a disability\u00a0(Access to Work)\n\n- advice and guidance on employing someone with a disability or health condition\n\nYou can also advertise a job with the \u2018Find a job\u2019 service (previously Universal Jobmatch).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Recruitment advice and support\n\nContact the Employer Services Line for advice about recruiting for your business.\n\nIt can put you in touch with local \u2018employer advisors\u2019 if you need specific and practical advice. Employer advisors understand the local labour market and can help you:\n\n- design and word job vacancies\n\n- develop pre-employment training (specific to a job)\n\n- recruit in new and fair ways (such as offering flexible working patterns)\n\n- access Jobcentre Plus office facilities for recruitment (where available)\n\n- give your existing employees the chance to mentor people who want to work\n\n- get advice and support if you need to make redundancies\n\nThe Employer Services Line can also give general advice about recruitment.\n\n## Work trials\n\nA work trial is a short period in work you can offer to a jobseeker on benefits. It\u2019s a way for you both to see if the job is a good fit.\n\nIt happens after you\u2019ve interviewed them for a specific role. If they\u2019re not suitable for it, you do not need to offer it to them.\n\nJobseekers volunteer for a work trial. They keep getting their benefits whilst they\u2019re on it and are not paid a wage.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThe work trial must:\n\n- only be used as a way for you and the potential employee to decide if they\u2019re right for the role\n\n- be for a job where the jobseeker is the only person you\u2019re considering hiring\n\n- be for a job which is at least 16 hours a week for at least 13 weeks\n\nYou need to agree the length of the work trial with the jobseeker before it starts. It must:\n\n- end when you\u2019re sure about whether the jobseeker is suitable for the role\n\n- last no more than 5 days if the job is for less than 6 months\n\n- last no more than 30 days (and usually around 5 days) for jobs lasting 6 months or more\n\nThe work trial can be longer than 30 days if the jobseeker needs more time to adjust to being back at work. This needs to be agreed before the work trial starts.\n\nJobcentre Plus will check that the employee has volunteered for the trial and that it meets the eligibility criteria.\n\n## How to carry out a work trial\n\nYou need to agree a work trial with Jobcentre Plus before you offer it to a jobseeker.\n\nCall the Employer Services Line to find out more.\n\n## Work experience and apprenticeships\n\n## Work experience\n\nWork experience is available to:\n\n- all 18 to 24 year olds\n\n- people aged 25 and over who do not have any recent work history\n\nIf you offer a young person work experience you\u2019ll be helping to give them a better chance of finding work.\n\nRead the work experience guidance for employers to find out what\u2019s expected of you.\n\nCall the Employer Services Line if you want help to become a work experience host.\n\n## Apprenticeships\n\nThese are organised through the National Apprenticeship Service and often follow a period of work experience. They combine practical training with study.\n\nIf you take on an apprentice, you can get funding to train them. You might also be able to get an apprenticeship grant if you run a small or medium-sized business.\n\nApprenticeships are different in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Other employment schemes\n\nJobcentre Plus employment schemes can help you to recruit people as well as creating opportunities for people looking for work.\n\n## New Enterprise Allowance\n\nThis provides Jobcentre Plus claimants with mentoring and financial support to help start their own business. You can contact the provider in your area if you want to become a mentor.\n\n## Sector-based work academy programme\n\nThe sector-based work academy programme provides training, work experience and a guaranteed job interview. It can help you fill your vacancies more effectively.\n\nThe sector-based work academy programme is only available in England and Scotland.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Jobcentre Plus has a range of recruitment services that can help you as an employer. You could get:

    ", + "
  • recruitment advice, including specialist support for businesses
    • ", + "
  • help setting up work trials to give you the opportunity to try out potential recruits
    • ", + "
  • advice about offering work experience and apprenticeships
    • ", + "
  • support from other employment schemes including sector-based training and recruitment, and business mentoring
    • ", + "
  • support if you employ someone with a disability\u00a0(Access to Work)
    • ", + "
  • advice and guidance on employing someone with a disability or health condition
    • ", + "

    You can also advertise a job with the \u2018Find a job\u2019 service (previously Universal Jobmatch).

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Recruitment advice and support

    ", + "

    Contact the Employer Services Line for advice about recruiting for your business.

    ", + "

    It can put you in touch with local \u2018employer advisors\u2019 if you need specific and practical advice. Employer advisors understand the local labour market and can help you:

    ", + "
  • design and word job vacancies
    • ", + "
  • develop pre-employment training (specific to a job)
    • ", + "
  • recruit in new and fair ways (such as offering flexible working patterns)
    • ", + "
  • access Jobcentre Plus office facilities for recruitment (where available)
    • ", + "
  • give your existing employees the chance to mentor people who want to work
    • ", + "
  • get advice and support if you need to make redundancies
    • ", + "

    The Employer Services Line can also give general advice about recruitment.

    ", + "

    Work trials

    ", + "

    A work trial is a short period in work you can offer to a jobseeker on benefits. It\u2019s a way for you both to see if the job is a good fit.

    ", + "

    It happens after you\u2019ve interviewed them for a specific role. If they\u2019re not suitable for it, you do not need to offer it to them.

    ", + "

    Jobseekers volunteer for a work trial. They keep getting their benefits whilst they\u2019re on it and are not paid a wage.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    The work trial must:

    ", + "
  • only be used as a way for you and the potential employee to decide if they\u2019re right for the role
    • ", + "
  • be for a job where the jobseeker is the only person you\u2019re considering hiring
    • ", + "
  • be for a job which is at least 16 hours a week for at least 13 weeks
    • ", + "

    You need to agree the length of the work trial with the jobseeker before it starts. It must:

    ", + "
  • end when you\u2019re sure about whether the jobseeker is suitable for the role
    • ", + "
  • last no more than 5 days if the job is for less than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • last no more than 30 days (and usually around 5 days) for jobs lasting 6 months or more
    • ", + "

    The work trial can be longer than 30 days if the jobseeker needs more time to adjust to being back at work. This needs to be agreed before the work trial starts.

    ", + "

    Jobcentre Plus will check that the employee has volunteered for the trial and that it meets the eligibility criteria.

    ", + "

    How to carry out a work trial

    ", + "

    You need to agree a work trial with Jobcentre Plus before you offer it to a jobseeker.

    ", + "

    Call the Employer Services Line to find out more.

    ", + "

    Work experience and apprenticeships

    ", + "

    Work experience

    ", + "

    Work experience is available to:

    ", + "
  • all 18 to 24 year olds
    • ", + "
  • people aged 25 and over who do not have any recent work history
    • ", + "

    If you offer a young person work experience you\u2019ll be helping to give them a better chance of finding work.

    ", + "

    Read the work experience guidance for employers to find out what\u2019s expected of you.

    ", + "

    Call the Employer Services Line if you want help to become a work experience host.

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships

    ", + "

    These are organised through the National Apprenticeship Service and often follow a period of work experience. They combine practical training with study.

    ", + "

    If you take on an apprentice, you can get funding to train them. You might also be able to get an apprenticeship grant if you run a small or medium-sized business.

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships are different in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Other employment schemes

    ", + "

    Jobcentre Plus employment schemes can help you to recruit people as well as creating opportunities for people looking for work.

    ", + "

    New Enterprise Allowance

    ", + "

    This provides Jobcentre Plus claimants with mentoring and financial support to help start their own business. You can contact the provider in your area if you want to become a mentor.

    ", + "

    Sector-based work academy programme

    ", + "

    The sector-based work academy programme provides training, work experience and a guaranteed job interview. It can help you fill your vacancies more effectively.

    ", + "

    The sector-based work academy programme is only available in England and Scotland.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage", + "title": "The National Minimum Wage and Living Wage", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe minimum wage a worker should get depends on their age and if they\u2019re an apprentice.\n\nThe National Minimum Wage is the minimum pay per hour almost all workers are entitled to. The National Living Wage is higher than the National Minimum Wage - workers get it if they\u2019re over 23.\n\nIt does not matter how small an employer is, they still have to pay the correct minimum wage.\n\n## Calculate the minimum wage\n\nUse the minimum wage calculators to check if the correct minimum wage has been paid.\n\nThere are separate calculators for workers and employers.\n\nUse the calculator for workers to check if you\u2019re getting the correct minimum wage or if an employer owes you payment from the previous year.\n\nUse the calculator for employers to check if you\u2019re paying the correct minimum wage or if you owe a payment from the previous year.\n\nThere is also guidance on working out the minimum wage for different types of work.\n\nCall the Acas helpline or visit the Acas Helpline Online for advice about the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\n## Who gets the minimum wage\n\nPeople classed as \u2018workers\u2019 must be at least school leaving age to get the National Minimum Wage. They must be 23 or over to get the National Living Wage.\n\nContracts for payments below the minimum wage are not legally binding. The worker is still entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nWorkers are also entitled to the correct minimum wage if they\u2019re:\n\n- part-time\n\n- casual labourers, for example someone hired for one day\n\n- agency workers\n\n- workers and homeworkers paid by the number of items they make\n\n- apprentices\n\n- trainees, workers on probation\n\n- disabled workers\n\n- agricultural workers\n\n- foreign workers\n\n- seafarers\n\n- offshore workers\n\n## Apprentices\n\nApprentices are entitled to the apprentice rate if they\u2019re either:\n\n- under 19\n\n- 19 or over and in the first year of their apprenticeship\n\nApprentices over 19 who have completed the first year of their apprenticeship are entitled to the correct minimum wage for their age.\n\n## Not entitled to the minimum wage\n\nThe following types of workers are not entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage:\n\n- self-employed people running their own business\n\n- company directors\n\n- people who are volunteers or voluntary workers\n\n- workers on a government employment programme, such as the Work Programme\n\n- members of the armed forces\n\n- family members of the employer living in the employer\u2019s home\n\n- non-family members living in the employer\u2019s home who share in the work and leisure activities, are treated as one of the family and are not charged for meals or accommodation, for example au pairs\n\n- workers younger than school leaving age (usually 16)\n\n- higher and further education students on work experience or a work placement up to one year\n\n- people shadowing others at work\n\n- workers on government pre-apprenticeships schemes\n\n- people on the following European Union (EU) programmes: Leonardo da Vinci, Erasmus+, Comenius\n\n- people working on a Jobcentre Plus Work trial for up to 6 weeks\n\n- share fishermen\n\n- prisoners\n\n- people living and working in a religious community\n\nEmployers who offer internships (sometimes called \u2018work placements\u2019 or \u2018work experience\u2019) should check if the person is entitled to the minimum wage.\n\n## Voluntary work\n\nYou\u2019re classed as doing voluntary work if you can only get certain limited benefits (for example reasonable travel or lunch expenses) and you\u2019re working for a:\n\n- charity\n\n- voluntary organisation or associated fundraising body\n\n- statutory body\n\nContact the Acas helpline to find out if you should be getting the minimum wage.\n\n## Employers and the minimum wage\n\nEmployers must pay workers the correct minimum wage.\n\nYou can read guidance on the minimum wage rates and who they apply to.\n\n## What\u2019s not included in minimum wage calculations\n\nSome payments must not be included when the minimum wage is calculated.\n\nThese are:\n\n- payments that should not be included for the employer\u2019s own use or benefit, for example if the employer has paid for travel to work\n\n- things the worker bought for the job and is not refunded for, such as tools, uniform, safety equipment\n\n- tips, service charges and cover charges\n\n- extra pay for working unsocial hours on a shift\n\nFind out what counts as working time.\n\n## What\u2019s included in minimum wage calculations\n\nSome payments must be included when the minimum wage is calculated.\n\nThese are:\n\n- Income Tax and National Insurance contributions\n\n- wage advances or loans\n\n- repayment of wage advances or loans\n\n- repayment of overpaid wages\n\n- things the worker paid for that are not needed for the job or paid for voluntarily, such as meals\n\n- accommodation provided by an employer above the offset rate (\u00a38.36 a day or \u00a358.52 a week)\n\n- penalty charges for a worker\u2019s misconduct\n\nRead the detailed guidance on calculating the minimum wage for more on what counts and does not count towards the minimum wage, eligibility, how to calculate the minimum wage and how it is enforced.\n\n## Employer checks\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence for employers to not pay someone the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage, or to fake payment records.\n\nEmployers who discover they\u2019ve paid a worker below the correct minimum wage must pay any arrears immediately. Use the National Minimum Wage and National Living Wage calculator to check a worker has been paid correctly.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) officers have the right to carry out checks at any time and ask to see payment records. They can also investigate employers if a worker complains to them.\n\nIf HMRC finds that an employer has not been paying the correct rates, any arrears have to be paid back immediately. There will also be a fine and offenders might be named by the government.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nIt\u2019s the employer\u2019s responsibility to keep records proving that they are paying the minimum wage. These records must be kept for at least 6 years if they:\n\n- were created on or after 1 April 2021\n\n- still had to be kept on 31 March 2021 under the previous rule that records must be kept for 3 years\n\nThe period records must be kept for starts from the last day of the pay reference period after the one they cover.\n\nThey do not have to be kept in any particular form, for example they can be paper or computer records. But employers must be able to produce records for an individual pay reference period in a single document.\n\nMost employers use their payroll records as proof of:\n\n- total pay - including pay deductions, allowances and tips\n\n- total hours worked - including absences and overtime\n\nEmployers may also need to keep records such as:\n\n- agreements about working hours, pay and conditions, such as contracts\n\n- documents that show why a worker is not entitled to the minimum wage\n\n## Pay reference periods\n\nPay reference periods are usually set by how often someone is paid, for example one week, one month or 10 days. A pay reference period cannot be longer than 31 days.\n\nA worker must be paid the minimum wage, on average, for the time worked in the pay reference period.\n\n## Worker disputes over minimum wage\n\nWorkers who think their pay is below the correct minimum wage rate should talk to their employer first.\n\nIf this does not solve the problem, they can ask the employer in writing to see their payment records. The worker can take someone with them and make copies of the records.\n\nIf an employer owes the worker any arrears they have to pay these back.\n\nWorkers can call the confidential Acas helpline or look at the Acas Helpline Online to help them solve a payment dispute.\n\nWorkers can also make a complaint to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about their employer or employment agency or complain on behalf of someone else.\n\n## If the employer refuses payment\n\nIf HMRC find that the employer has not paid they will send them a notice for the arrears plus a fine for not paying the minimum wage.\n\nHMRC can take them to court on behalf of the worker if the employer still refuses to pay.\n\n## Employment tribunal\n\nWorkers can also go directly to the employment tribunal themselves.\n\nWorkers who have been dismissed because of a minimum wage dispute can also complain to the employment tribunal for unfair dismissal.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The minimum wage a worker should get depends on their age and if they\u2019re an apprentice.

    ", + "

    The National Minimum Wage is the minimum pay per hour almost all workers are entitled to. The National Living Wage is higher than the National Minimum Wage - workers get it if they\u2019re over 23.

    ", + "

    It does not matter how small an employer is, they still have to pay the correct minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Calculate the minimum wage

    ", + "

    Use the minimum wage calculators to check if the correct minimum wage has been paid.

    ", + "

    There are separate calculators for workers and employers.

    ", + "

    Use the calculator for workers to check if you\u2019re getting the correct minimum wage or if an employer owes you payment from the previous year.

    ", + "

    Use the calculator for employers to check if you\u2019re paying the correct minimum wage or if you owe a payment from the previous year.

    ", + "

    There is also guidance on working out the minimum wage for different types of work.

    ", + "

    Call the Acas helpline or visit the Acas Helpline Online for advice about the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    Who gets the minimum wage

    ", + "

    People classed as \u2018workers\u2019 must be at least school leaving age to get the National Minimum Wage. They must be 23 or over to get the National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    Contracts for payments below the minimum wage are not legally binding. The worker is still entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    Workers are also entitled to the correct minimum wage if they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • part-time
    • ", + "
  • casual labourers, for example someone hired for one day
    • ", + "
  • agency workers
    • ", + "
  • workers and homeworkers paid by the number of items they make
    • ", + "
  • apprentices
    • ", + "
  • trainees, workers on probation
    • ", + "
  • disabled workers
    • ", + "
  • agricultural workers
    • ", + "
  • foreign workers
    • ", + "
  • seafarers
    • ", + "
  • offshore workers
    • ", + "

    Apprentices

    ", + "

    Apprentices are entitled to the apprentice rate if they\u2019re either:

    ", + "
  • under 19
    • ", + "
  • 19 or over and in the first year of their apprenticeship
    • ", + "

    Apprentices over 19 who have completed the first year of their apprenticeship are entitled to the correct minimum wage for their age.

    ", + "

    Not entitled to the minimum wage

    ", + "

    The following types of workers are not entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage:

    ", + "
  • self-employed people running their own business
    • ", + "
  • company directors
    • ", + "
  • people who are volunteers or voluntary workers
    • ", + "
  • workers on a government employment programme, such as the Work Programme
    • ", + "
  • members of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • family members of the employer living in the employer\u2019s home
    • ", + "
  • non-family members living in the employer\u2019s home who share in the work and leisure activities, are treated as one of the family and are not charged for meals or accommodation, for example au pairs
    • ", + "
  • workers younger than school leaving age (usually 16)
    • ", + "
  • higher and further education students on work experience or a work placement up to one year
    • ", + "
  • people shadowing others at work
    • ", + "
  • workers on government pre-apprenticeships schemes
    • ", + "
  • people on the following European Union (EU) programmes: Leonardo da Vinci, Erasmus+, Comenius
    • ", + "
  • people working on a Jobcentre Plus Work trial for up to 6 weeks
    • ", + "
  • share fishermen
    • ", + "
  • prisoners
    • ", + "
  • people living and working in a religious community
    • ", + "

    Employers who offer internships (sometimes called \u2018work placements\u2019 or \u2018work experience\u2019) should check if the person is entitled to the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Voluntary work

    ", + "

    You\u2019re classed as doing voluntary work if you can only get certain limited benefits (for example reasonable travel or lunch expenses) and you\u2019re working for a:

    ", + "
  • charity
    • ", + "
  • voluntary organisation or associated fundraising body
    • ", + "
  • statutory body
    • ", + "

    Contact the Acas helpline to find out if you should be getting the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Employers and the minimum wage

    ", + "

    Employers must pay workers the correct minimum wage.

    ", + "

    You can read guidance on the minimum wage rates and who they apply to.

    ", + "

    What\u2019s not included in minimum wage calculations

    ", + "

    Some payments must not be included when the minimum wage is calculated.

    ", + "

    These are:

    ", + "
  • payments that should not be included for the employer\u2019s own use or benefit, for example if the employer has paid for travel to work
    • ", + "
  • things the worker bought for the job and is not refunded for, such as tools, uniform, safety equipment
    • ", + "
  • tips, service charges and cover charges
    • ", + "
  • extra pay for working unsocial hours on a shift
    • ", + "

    Find out what counts as working time.

    ", + "

    What\u2019s included in minimum wage calculations

    ", + "

    Some payments must be included when the minimum wage is calculated.

    ", + "

    These are:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax and National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "
  • wage advances or loans
    • ", + "
  • repayment of wage advances or loans
    • ", + "
  • repayment of overpaid wages
    • ", + "
  • things the worker paid for that are not needed for the job or paid for voluntarily, such as meals
    • ", + "
  • accommodation provided by an employer above the offset rate (\u00a38.36 a day or \u00a358.52 a week)
    • ", + "
  • penalty charges for a worker\u2019s misconduct
    • ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance on calculating the minimum wage for more on what counts and does not count towards the minimum wage, eligibility, how to calculate the minimum wage and how it is enforced.

    ", + "

    Employer checks

    ", + "

    It\u2019s a criminal offence for employers to not pay someone the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage, or to fake payment records.

    ", + "

    Employers who discover they\u2019ve paid a worker below the correct minimum wage must pay any arrears immediately. Use the National Minimum Wage and National Living Wage calculator to check a worker has been paid correctly.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) officers have the right to carry out checks at any time and ask to see payment records. They can also investigate employers if a worker complains to them.

    ", + "

    If HMRC finds that an employer has not been paying the correct rates, any arrears have to be paid back immediately. There will also be a fine and offenders might be named by the government.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    It\u2019s the employer\u2019s responsibility to keep records proving that they are paying the minimum wage. These records must be kept for at least 6 years if they:

    ", + "
  • were created on or after 1 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • still had to be kept on 31 March 2021 under the previous rule that records must be kept for 3 years
    • ", + "

    The period records must be kept for starts from the last day of the pay reference period after the one they cover.

    ", + "

    They do not have to be kept in any particular form, for example they can be paper or computer records. But employers must be able to produce records for an individual pay reference period in a single document.

    ", + "

    Most employers use their payroll records as proof of:

    ", + "
  • total pay - including pay deductions, allowances and tips
    • ", + "
  • total hours worked - including absences and overtime
    • ", + "

    Employers may also need to keep records such as:

    ", + "
  • agreements about working hours, pay and conditions, such as contracts
    • ", + "
  • documents that show why a worker is not entitled to the minimum wage
    • ", + "

    Pay reference periods

    ", + "

    Pay reference periods are usually set by how often someone is paid, for example one week, one month or 10 days. A pay reference period cannot be longer than 31 days.

    ", + "

    A worker must be paid the minimum wage, on average, for the time worked in the pay reference period.

    ", + "

    Worker disputes over minimum wage

    ", + "

    Workers who think their pay is below the correct minimum wage rate should talk to their employer first.

    ", + "

    If this does not solve the problem, they can ask the employer in writing to see their payment records. The worker can take someone with them and make copies of the records.

    ", + "

    If an employer owes the worker any arrears they have to pay these back.

    ", + "

    Workers can call the confidential Acas helpline or look at the Acas Helpline Online to help them solve a payment dispute.

    ", + "

    Workers can also make a complaint to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about their employer or employment agency or complain on behalf of someone else.

    ", + "

    If the employer refuses payment

    ", + "

    If HMRC find that the employer has not paid they will send them a notice for the arrears plus a fine for not paying the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    HMRC can take them to court on behalf of the worker if the employer still refuses to pay.

    ", + "

    Employment tribunal

    ", + "

    Workers can also go directly to the employment tribunal themselves.

    ", + "

    Workers who have been dismissed because of a minimum wage dispute can also complain to the employment tribunal for unfair dismissal.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay-employer-guide": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay-employer-guide", + "title": "Shared Parental Leave and Pay: employer guide", + "content": "## Overview\n\nEmployees may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if they\u2019ve had a baby or adopted a child.\n\nEmployees can start SPL if they\u2019re eligible and they or their partner end their maternity or adoption leave or pay early. The remaining leave will be available as SPL. The remaining pay may be available as ShPP.\n\nEmployees can take SPL in up to 3 separate blocks. They can also share the leave with their partner if they\u2019re also eligible. Parents can choose how much of the SPL each of them will take.\n\nSPL and ShPP must be taken between the baby\u2019s birth and first birthday (or within 1 year of adoption).\n\nSPL and ShPP are only available in England, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nSometimes only one parent in a couple will be eligible to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). This means that they cannot share the leave.\n\nIf your employee is eligible then they can use SPL to book their leave in separate blocks.\n\n## Shared Parental Leave\n\nTo qualify for SPL, your employee must share responsibility for the child with one of the following:\n\n- their husband, wife, civil partner or joint adopter\n\n- the child\u2019s other parent\n\n- their partner (if they live with them)\n\nYour employee or their partner must be eligible for maternity pay or leave, adoption pay or leave or Maternity Allowance.\n\nThey must also:\n\n- still be employed by you while they take SPL\n\n- give you the correct notice including a declaration that their partner meets the employment and income requirements which allow your employee to get SPL\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day of the \u2018qualifying week\u2019, or the week they are matched with a child for adoption in the UK\n\nThe \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due.\n\n## Statutory Shared Parental Pay\n\nThey can get ShPP if they\u2019re an employee and one of the following applies:\n\n- they\u2019re eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) or Statutory Adoption Pay (SAP)\n\n- they\u2019re eligible for Statutory Paternity Pay (SPP) and their partner is eligible for SMP, Maternity Allowance (MA) or SAP\n\nThey can also get ShPP if they\u2019re a worker and they\u2019re eligible for SMP or SPP.\n\n## Refusing SPL or ShPP\n\nYou can refuse SPL or ShPP if the employee does not qualify.\n\nYou must tell the employee the reason if you refuse ShPP. You do not have to give a reason for refusing SPL.\n\n## Entitlement\n\nIf an employee is eligible and they or their partner end maternity or adoption leave and pay (or Maternity Allowance) early, then they can:\n\n- take the rest of the 52 weeks of leave (up to a maximum of 50 weeks) as Shared Parental Leave (SPL)\n\n- take the rest of the 39 weeks of pay (up to a maximum of 37 weeks) as Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP)\n\nA mother must take a minimum of 2 weeks\u2019 maternity leave following the birth (4 if she works in a factory).\n\nShPP is paid at the rate of \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of an employee\u2019s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.\n\n## Starting Shared Parental Leave\n\nFor Shared Parental Leave (SPL) to start, the mother or adopter must do one of the following:\n\n- end their maternity or adoption leave by returning to work\n\n- give you \u2018binding notice\u2019 (a decision that cannot normally be changed) of the date when they\u2019ll end their maternity or adoption leave\n\n- end maternity pay or Maternity Allowance (if they\u2019re not entitled to maternity leave, for example they\u2019re an agency worker or self-employed)\n\nA mother must take a minimum of 2 weeks\u2019 maternity leave following the birth (4 if she works in a factory).\n\nThe adoptive parent getting Statutory Adoption Pay must take at least 2 weeks\u2019 adoption leave. They can take it from the day of the placement, or up to 14 days before the placement starts.\n\nThe mother must give you notice (at least 8 weeks) to end her maternity pay, or tell Jobcentre Plus to end her Maternity Allowance. Adopters must give you notice to end adoption pay.\n\nSPL can start for the partner while the mother or adopter is still on maternity or adoption leave if she\u2019s given binding notice to end her leave (or pay if she\u2019s not entitled to leave).\n\n## What the employee must do\n\nThe employee must give you written notice if they want to start SPL or Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). They can do this using forms created by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas).\n\nAfter receiving this notice, you can ask for:\n\n- a copy of the child\u2019s birth certificate\n\n- the name and address of their partner\u2019s employer\n\nYou have 14 days to ask for this information. Your employee then has a further 14 days to provide it.\n\n## Notice period\n\nAn employee must give at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice of any leave they wish to take. If the child is born more than 8 weeks early, this notice period can be shorter.\n\nYour employee has a statutory right to a maximum of 3 separate blocks of leave, although you can allow more if you wish.\n\n## Cancelling the decision to end maternity or adoption leave\n\nThe mother or adopter may be able to change their decision to end maternity or adoption leave early if both:\n\n- the planned end date has not passed\n\n- they have not already returned to work\n\nOne of the following must also apply:\n\n- it\u2019s discovered during the 8-week notice period that neither partner is eligible for either SPL or ShPP\n\n- the employee\u2019s partner has died\n\n- it\u2019s less than 6 weeks after the birth (and the mother gave notice before the birth)\n\n## Shared parental leave in touch (SPLIT) days\n\nYour employee can work up to 20 days during SPL without bringing it to an end. These are called \u2018shared parental leave in touch\u2019 (or SPLIT) days.\n\nThese days are in addition to the 10 \u2018keeping in touch\u2019 (or KIT) days already available to those on maternity or adoption leave.\n\nKeeping in touch days are optional - both you and your employee must agree to them.\n\n## Blocks of leave\n\nAn employee taking Shared Parental Leave (SPL) can split their leave into up to 3 separate blocks instead of taking it all in one go, even if they are not sharing the leave with their partner.\n\nIf both parents are taking SPL then they can take their leave at the same time as each other or at different times.\n\nThe employee must give you at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice before a block of leave begins.\n\n## Splitting blocks\n\nIf you agree, the employee can split a block of leave into shorter periods of at least a week. For example they could work every other week during a 12-week block, using a total of 6 weeks of their SPL.\n\nYou cannot turn down a request for a block of leave if the employee is eligible and gives you the right notice. You do not have to agree to the employee breaking the block of leave into shorter periods.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- the evidence provided by the employee to show that they\u2019re eligible for ShPP\n\n- the date ShPP began\n\n- your ShPP payments (including dates)\n\n- the ShPP you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\nYou must keep records for at least 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Employees may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if they\u2019ve had a baby or adopted a child.

    ", + "

    Employees can start SPL if they\u2019re eligible and they or their partner end their maternity or adoption leave or pay early. The remaining leave will be available as SPL. The remaining pay may be available as ShPP.

    ", + "

    Employees can take SPL in up to 3 separate blocks. They can also share the leave with their partner if they\u2019re also eligible. Parents can choose how much of the SPL each of them will take.

    ", + "

    SPL and ShPP must be taken between the baby\u2019s birth and first birthday (or within 1 year of adoption).

    ", + "

    SPL and ShPP are only available in England, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Sometimes only one parent in a couple will be eligible to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). This means that they cannot share the leave.

    ", + "

    If your employee is eligible then they can use SPL to book their leave in separate blocks.

    ", + "

    Shared Parental Leave

    ", + "

    To qualify for SPL, your employee must share responsibility for the child with one of the following:

    ", + "
  • their husband, wife, civil partner or joint adopter
    • ", + "
  • the child\u2019s other parent
    • ", + "
  • their partner (if they live with them)
    • ", + "

    Your employee or their partner must be eligible for maternity pay or leave, adoption pay or leave or Maternity Allowance.

    ", + "

    They must also:

    ", + "
  • still be employed by you while they take SPL
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice including a declaration that their partner meets the employment and income requirements which allow your employee to get SPL
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day of the \u2018qualifying week\u2019, or the week they are matched with a child for adoption in the UK
    • ", + "

    The \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due.

    ", + "

    Statutory Shared Parental Pay

    ", + "

    They can get ShPP if they\u2019re an employee and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) or Statutory Adoption Pay (SAP)
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re eligible for Statutory Paternity Pay (SPP) and their partner is eligible for SMP, Maternity Allowance (MA) or SAP
    • ", + "

    They can also get ShPP if they\u2019re a worker and they\u2019re eligible for SMP or SPP.

    ", + "

    Refusing SPL or ShPP

    ", + "

    You can refuse SPL or ShPP if the employee does not qualify.

    ", + "

    You must tell the employee the reason if you refuse ShPP. You do not have to give a reason for refusing SPL.

    ", + "

    Entitlement

    ", + "

    If an employee is eligible and they or their partner end maternity or adoption leave and pay (or Maternity Allowance) early, then they can:

    ", + "
  • take the rest of the 52 weeks of leave (up to a maximum of 50 weeks) as Shared Parental Leave (SPL)
    • ", + "
  • take the rest of the 39 weeks of pay (up to a maximum of 37 weeks) as Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP)
    • ", + "

    A mother must take a minimum of 2 weeks\u2019 maternity leave following the birth (4 if she works in a factory).

    ", + "

    ShPP is paid at the rate of \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of an employee\u2019s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.

    ", + "

    Starting Shared Parental Leave

    ", + "

    For Shared Parental Leave (SPL) to start, the mother or adopter must do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • end their maternity or adoption leave by returning to work
    • ", + "
  • give you \u2018binding notice\u2019 (a decision that cannot normally be changed) of the date when they\u2019ll end their maternity or adoption leave
    • ", + "
  • end maternity pay or Maternity Allowance (if they\u2019re not entitled to maternity leave, for example they\u2019re an agency worker or self-employed)
    • ", + "

    A mother must take a minimum of 2 weeks\u2019 maternity leave following the birth (4 if she works in a factory).

    ", + "

    The adoptive parent getting Statutory Adoption Pay must take at least 2 weeks\u2019 adoption leave. They can take it from the day of the placement, or up to 14 days before the placement starts.

    ", + "

    The mother must give you notice (at least 8 weeks) to end her maternity pay, or tell Jobcentre Plus to end her Maternity Allowance. Adopters must give you notice to end adoption pay.

    ", + "

    SPL can start for the partner while the mother or adopter is still on maternity or adoption leave if she\u2019s given binding notice to end her leave (or pay if she\u2019s not entitled to leave).

    ", + "

    What the employee must do

    ", + "

    The employee must give you written notice if they want to start SPL or Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). They can do this using forms created by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas).

    ", + "

    After receiving this notice, you can ask for:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the child\u2019s birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of their partner\u2019s employer
    • ", + "

    You have 14 days to ask for this information. Your employee then has a further 14 days to provide it.

    ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    An employee must give at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice of any leave they wish to take. If the child is born more than 8 weeks early, this notice period can be shorter.

    ", + "

    Your employee has a statutory right to a maximum of 3 separate blocks of leave, although you can allow more if you wish.

    ", + "

    Cancelling the decision to end maternity or adoption leave

    ", + "

    The mother or adopter may be able to change their decision to end maternity or adoption leave early if both:

    ", + "
  • the planned end date has not passed
    • ", + "
  • they have not already returned to work
    • ", + "

    One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s discovered during the 8-week notice period that neither partner is eligible for either SPL or ShPP
    • ", + "
  • the employee\u2019s partner has died
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 6 weeks after the birth (and the mother gave notice before the birth)
    • ", + "

    Shared parental leave in touch (SPLIT) days

    ", + "

    Your employee can work up to 20 days during SPL without bringing it to an end. These are called \u2018shared parental leave in touch\u2019 (or SPLIT) days.

    ", + "

    These days are in addition to the 10 \u2018keeping in touch\u2019 (or KIT) days already available to those on maternity or adoption leave.

    ", + "

    Keeping in touch days are optional - both you and your employee must agree to them.

    ", + "

    Blocks of leave

    ", + "

    An employee taking Shared Parental Leave (SPL) can split their leave into up to 3 separate blocks instead of taking it all in one go, even if they are not sharing the leave with their partner.

    ", + "

    If both parents are taking SPL then they can take their leave at the same time as each other or at different times.

    ", + "

    The employee must give you at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice before a block of leave begins.

    ", + "

    Splitting blocks

    ", + "

    If you agree, the employee can split a block of leave into shorter periods of at least a week. For example they could work every other week during a 12-week block, using a total of 6 weeks of their SPL.

    ", + "

    You cannot turn down a request for a block of leave if the employee is eligible and gives you the right notice. You do not have to agree to the employee breaking the block of leave into shorter periods.

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:

    ", + "
  • the evidence provided by the employee to show that they\u2019re eligible for ShPP
    • ", + "
  • the date ShPP began
    • ", + "
  • your ShPP payments (including dates)
    • ", + "
  • the ShPP you\u2019ve reclaimed
    • ", + "
  • any weeks you did not pay and why
    • ", + "

    You must keep records for at least 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.

    ", + "

    Help with statutory pay

    ", + "

    For financial help with statutory pay, you can:

    ", + "
  • reclaim payments (usually 92%)
    • ", + "
  • apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/employers-adoption-pay-leave": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-adoption-pay-leave", + "title": "Statutory Adoption Pay and Leave: employer guide", + "content": "## Entitlement\n\nWhen an employee takes time off to adopt a child or have a child through a surrogacy arrangement they might be eligible for Statutory Adoption Pay and Leave.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nEmployees can take up to 52 weeks\u2019 Statutory Adoption Leave. The first 26 weeks is known as \u2018Ordinary Adoption Leave\u2019, the last 26 weeks as \u2018Additional Adoption Leave\u2019.\n\nLeave can start:\n\n- on the date the child starts living with the employee or up to 14 days before the expected placement date (UK adoptions)\n\n- when an employee has been matched with a child to be placed with them by a UK adoption agency\n\n- when the child arrives in the UK or within 28 days of this date (overseas adoptions)\n\n- the day the child\u2019s born or the day after (parents in surrogacy arrangements)\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nStatutory Adoption Pay (SAP) for employees is:\n\n- 90% of their gross average weekly earnings for the first 6 weeks\n\n- \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their gross average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks\n\nTax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s adoption leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator.\n\nSome employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nYou can offer more than the statutory amounts if you have a company scheme for adoption leave and pay. You must make sure your scheme\u2019s policies are clear and available to staff.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during adoption leave. You still have to pay Statutory Adoption Pay even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nSome employees will not qualify for both leave and pay.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- be classed as an employee\n\nThey do not have to give you proof of the adoption or surrogacy unless you ask for it.\n\n## Leave for employees adopting a child from overseas\n\nEmployee must also sign form SC6 if they\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms they\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the week they were matched with a child\n\n- be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week in an 8-week period - the \u2018relevant period\u2019\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- give you proof of the adoption\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nUse the adoption pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their matching week, relevant period, notice period and adoption pay.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave, become sick or if they or their child dies.\n\n## Pay for employees adopting a child from overseas\n\nThe requirements are the same for employees adopting from overseas, except they must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks at the start of the week when the pay will begin.\n\nThey must also sign form SC6 if they\u2019re adopting with a partner. This confirms they\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.\n\n## Pay for employees in surrogacy arrangements\n\nThe requirements are the same for employees in surrogacy arrangements, except they must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the 15th week before the baby is due.\n\nIf you ask for it, they must also give you proof that they intend to become the baby\u2019s legal parent.\n\n## Who cannot qualify\n\nEmployees will not qualify for either adoption leave or pay if they:\n\n- become a special guardian or kinship carer\n\n- adopt a stepchild or family member\n\n- adopt privately, for example without permission from a UK authority or adoption agency\n\n## Notice period\n\nNotice does not have to be in writing unless you request it.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nEmployees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice before they want to be paid Statutory Adoption Pay, unless the time between the child being matched and placed is less than that.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nWithin 7 days of being matched with a child, employees must tell you:\n\n- how much leave they want\n\n- their leave start date\n\n- the \u2018date of placement\u2019 - the expected or actual date the child is placed with them\n\nYou have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.\n\nThere are different rules for overseas adoptions and surrogacy arrangements.\n\n## Leave for employees adopting a child from overseas\n\nWithin 28 days of getting their \u2018official notification\u2019, employees adopting from overseas must tell you the date of the notification and when they expect the child to arrive in the UK.\n\nIf they\u2019ve worked for you for less than 26 weeks, they can tell you within 28 days of the Sunday in their 26th week instead.\n\nThey must also tell you:\n\n- the actual date the child arrives in the UK - within 28 days of this date\n\n- how much leave they want and when they want it to start - giving you 28 days\u2019 notice\n\nYou have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.\n\n## Leave for employees in surrogacy arrangements\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the due date, employees in surrogacy arrangements must tell you when the baby is due and when they want to start their leave. You can ask for this in writing.\n\nYou have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.\n\n## Changes to leave dates\n\nEmployees must tell you about changes to leave dates at least 28 days before their original start date or the new start date - whichever is earlier.\n\nYou must write to them if you have to amend their leave start and end dates.\n\nEmployees must give 8 weeks\u2019 notice if they want to change the date they return to work.\n\n## Proof of adoption\n\nEmployees must give you proof of adoption to qualify for Statutory Adoption Pay. Proof is not needed for Statutory Adoption Leave unless you ask for it.\n\nFor adoption, the proof must show the:\n\n- name and address of the agency and employee\n\n- date the child was matched, for example the matching certificate\n\n- expected or actual date of placement, for example a letter from the agency\n\n- relevant UK authority\u2019s \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming the parent is allowed to adopt (overseas adoptions only)\n\n- date the child arrived in the UK, for example a plane ticket (overseas adoptions only)\n\nYou must keep records of the proof.\n\n## Surrogacy arrangements\n\nProof is not needed for leave or pay unless you ask for it.\n\nIf you ask, employees must give you a written statement (\u2018statutory declaration\u2019) to confirm that they:\n\n- intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth\n\n- expect the order to be granted (for example because they do not have any convictions involving children, and the birth mother or father agree to the arrangement)\n\n## Refusing pay or leave\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nYou cannot refuse adoption leave or change the amount of leave employees want to take off.\n\nFor adoption, you can delay the start date if the employee does not have a reasonable excuse for giving you the wrong amount of notice. To delay it, write to them within 28 days of their leave request.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Adoption Pay if the employee does not qualify.\n\nTo refuse it, give the employee form SAP1 within 7 days of your decision. They must get this form within 28 days of their request for Statutory Adoption Pay or the date they were matched with the child (whichever is earlier).\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- proof of adoption\n\n- the date Statutory Adoption Pay started\n\n- the payments of Statutory Adoption Pay you\u2019ve made - including dates\n\n- the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to (for example by using form SAP2 or keeping your own records).\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Entitlement

    ", + "

    When an employee takes time off to adopt a child or have a child through a surrogacy arrangement they might be eligible for Statutory Adoption Pay and Leave.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Leave

    ", + "

    Employees can take up to 52 weeks\u2019 Statutory Adoption Leave. The first 26 weeks is known as \u2018Ordinary Adoption Leave\u2019, the last 26 weeks as \u2018Additional Adoption Leave\u2019.

    ", + "

    Leave can start:

    ", + "
  • on the date the child starts living with the employee or up to 14 days before the expected placement date (UK adoptions)
    • ", + "
  • when an employee has been matched with a child to be placed with them by a UK adoption agency
    • ", + "
  • when the child arrives in the UK or within 28 days of this date (overseas adoptions)
    • ", + "
  • the day the child\u2019s born or the day after (parents in surrogacy arrangements)
    • ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay (SAP) for employees is:

    ", + "
  • 90% of their gross average weekly earnings for the first 6 weeks
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their gross average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks
    • ", + "

    Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.

    ", + "

    Calculate an employee\u2019s adoption leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator.

    ", + "

    Some employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement.

    ", + "

    Extra leave or pay

    ", + "

    You can offer more than the statutory amounts if you have a company scheme for adoption leave and pay. You must make sure your scheme\u2019s policies are clear and available to staff.

    ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    An employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during adoption leave. You still have to pay Statutory Adoption Pay even if you stop trading.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Some employees will not qualify for both leave and pay.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Leave

    ", + "

    Employees must:

    ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • be classed as an employee
    • ", + "

    They do not have to give you proof of the adoption or surrogacy unless you ask for it.

    ", + "

    Leave for employees adopting a child from overseas

    ", + "

    Employee must also sign form SC6 if they\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms they\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay

    ", + "

    Employees must:

    ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the week they were matched with a child
    • ", + "
  • be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week in an 8-week period - the \u2018relevant period\u2019
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give you proof of the adoption
    • ", + "

    If your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    Use the adoption pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their matching week, relevant period, notice period and adoption pay.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave, become sick or if they or their child dies.

    ", + "

    Pay for employees adopting a child from overseas

    ", + "

    The requirements are the same for employees adopting from overseas, except they must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks at the start of the week when the pay will begin.

    ", + "

    They must also sign form SC6 if they\u2019re adopting with a partner. This confirms they\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.

    ", + "

    Pay for employees in surrogacy arrangements

    ", + "

    The requirements are the same for employees in surrogacy arrangements, except they must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the 15th week before the baby is due.

    ", + "

    If you ask for it, they must also give you proof that they intend to become the baby\u2019s legal parent.

    ", + "

    Who cannot qualify

    ", + "

    Employees will not qualify for either adoption leave or pay if they:

    ", + "
  • become a special guardian or kinship carer
    • ", + "
  • adopt a stepchild or family member
    • ", + "
  • adopt privately, for example without permission from a UK authority or adoption agency
    • ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    Notice does not have to be in writing unless you request it.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay

    ", + "

    Employees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice before they want to be paid Statutory Adoption Pay, unless the time between the child being matched and placed is less than that.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Leave

    ", + "

    Within 7 days of being matched with a child, employees must tell you:

    ", + "
  • how much leave they want
    • ", + "
  • their leave start date
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018date of placement\u2019 - the expected or actual date the child is placed with them
    • ", + "

    You have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for overseas adoptions and surrogacy arrangements.

    ", + "

    Leave for employees adopting a child from overseas

    ", + "

    Within 28 days of getting their \u2018official notification\u2019, employees adopting from overseas must tell you the date of the notification and when they expect the child to arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019ve worked for you for less than 26 weeks, they can tell you within 28 days of the Sunday in their 26th week instead.

    ", + "

    They must also tell you:

    ", + "
  • the actual date the child arrives in the UK - within 28 days of this date
    • ", + "
  • how much leave they want and when they want it to start - giving you 28 days\u2019 notice
    • ", + "

    You have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.

    ", + "

    Leave for employees in surrogacy arrangements

    ", + "

    At least 15 weeks before the due date, employees in surrogacy arrangements must tell you when the baby is due and when they want to start their leave. You can ask for this in writing.

    ", + "

    You have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.

    ", + "

    Changes to leave dates

    ", + "

    Employees must tell you about changes to leave dates at least 28 days before their original start date or the new start date - whichever is earlier.

    ", + "

    You must write to them if you have to amend their leave start and end dates.

    ", + "

    Employees must give 8 weeks\u2019 notice if they want to change the date they return to work.

    ", + "

    Proof of adoption

    ", + "

    Employees must give you proof of adoption to qualify for Statutory Adoption Pay. Proof is not needed for Statutory Adoption Leave unless you ask for it.

    ", + "

    For adoption, the proof must show the:

    ", + "
  • name and address of the agency and employee
    • ", + "
  • date the child was matched, for example the matching certificate
    • ", + "
  • expected or actual date of placement, for example a letter from the agency
    • ", + "
  • relevant UK authority\u2019s \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming the parent is allowed to adopt (overseas adoptions only)
    • ", + "
  • date the child arrived in the UK, for example a plane ticket (overseas adoptions only)
    • ", + "

    You must keep records of the proof.

    ", + "

    Surrogacy arrangements

    ", + "

    Proof is not needed for leave or pay unless you ask for it.

    ", + "

    If you ask, employees must give you a written statement (\u2018statutory declaration\u2019) to confirm that they:

    ", + "
  • intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth
    • ", + "
  • expect the order to be granted (for example because they do not have any convictions involving children, and the birth mother or father agree to the arrangement)
    • ", + "

    Refusing pay or leave

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Leave

    ", + "

    You cannot refuse adoption leave or change the amount of leave employees want to take off.

    ", + "

    For adoption, you can delay the start date if the employee does not have a reasonable excuse for giving you the wrong amount of notice. To delay it, write to them within 28 days of their leave request.

    ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay

    ", + "

    You can refuse Statutory Adoption Pay if the employee does not qualify.

    ", + "

    To refuse it, give the employee form SAP1 within 7 days of your decision. They must get this form within 28 days of their request for Statutory Adoption Pay or the date they were matched with the child (whichever is earlier).

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:

    ", + "
  • proof of adoption
    • ", + "
  • the date Statutory Adoption Pay started
    • ", + "
  • the payments of Statutory Adoption Pay you\u2019ve made - including dates
    • ", + "
  • the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed
    • ", + "
  • any weeks you did not pay and why
    • ", + "

    You must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to (for example by using form SAP2 or keeping your own records).

    ", + "

    Help with statutory pay

    ", + "

    For financial help with statutory pay, you can:

    ", + "
  • reclaim payments (usually 92%)
    • ", + "
  • apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave", + "title": "Statutory Maternity Pay and Leave: employer guide", + "content": "## Entitlement\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nEligible employees can take up to 52 weeks\u2019 maternity leave. The first 26 weeks is known as \u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019, the last 26 weeks as \u2018Additional Maternity Leave\u2019.\n\nThe earliest that leave can be taken is 11 weeks before the expected week of childbirth, unless the baby is born early.\n\nEmployees must take at least 2 weeks after the birth (or 4 weeks if they\u2019re a factory worker).\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nSMP for eligible employees can be paid for up to 39 weeks, usually as follows:\n\n- the first 6 weeks: 90% of their average weekly earnings (AWE) before tax\n\n- the remaining 33 weeks: \u00a3151.97 or 90% of their AWE (whichever is lower)\n\nTax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nUse the SMP calculator to work out an employee\u2019s maternity leave and pay.\n\nSome employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nYou can offer more than the statutory amounts if you have a company maternity scheme. You must make sure your maternity leave and pay policies are clear and available to staff.\n\n## If the baby is born early\n\nLeave starts the day after the birth if the baby is born early.\n\nThe employee must give you the child\u2019s birth certificate or a document signed by a doctor or midwife that confirms the actual date of birth.\n\nYou must write to them confirming the new end date for their leave.\n\nFor very premature births where the child is born 15 weeks or more before the due date, you\u2019ll need to calculate SMP using your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.\n\n## If the baby dies\n\nEmployees still qualify for leave or pay if the baby:\n\n- is stillborn after the start of the 24th week of pregnancy\n\n- dies after being born\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during maternity leave.\n\nYou still have to pay SMP even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility and proof of pregnancy\n\nSome employees will not qualify for both leave and pay.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- have an employment contract - it does not matter how long they\u2019ve worked for you\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- be on your payroll in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 - the 15th week before the expected week of childbirth\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- give you proof they\u2019re pregnant\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the qualifying week\n\n- earn at least \u00a3120 a week (gross) in an 8-week \u2018relevant period\u2019\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nUse the maternity pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their relevant period, notice period and statutory maternity pay.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations (for example if they leave, become sick or their baby is born before the qualifying week).\n\n## Proof of pregnancy\n\nYou must get proof of the pregnancy before you pay SMP. This is usually a doctor\u2019s letter or a maternity certificate (known as an MATB1 certificate). Midwives and doctors usually issue these 20 weeks before the due date.\n\nThe employee should give you proof within 21 days of the SMP start date. You can agree to accept it later if you want. You do not have to pay SMP if you have not received proof of the due date 13 weeks after the SMP start date.\n\nYou must keep records of the proof of pregnancy.\n\nEmployees not entitled to SMP may be able to get Maternity Allowance instead.\n\n## Notice period\n\nNotice does not have to be in writing unless you request it.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the baby is expected, your employees must tell you the date that:\n\n- the baby is due\n\n- they want to start their maternity leave - they can change this with 28 days\u2019 notice\n\nYou must then confirm their leave start and end dates in writing within 28 days.\n\nEmployees can change their return to work date if they give 8 weeks\u2019 notice.\n\nYou cannot refuse maternity leave or change the amount of leave your employees want to take.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nYour employees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice of the date they want to start their SMP. This is usually the same date they want to start their leave.\n\nYou can refuse to pay SMP if your employee does not give you this notice and they do not give you a reasonable excuse.\n\n## Refuse pay form SMP1\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) if the employee does not qualify. They may be able to get Maternity Allowance instead.\n\nTo refuse it, give the employee the SMP1 form within 7 days of your decision. They must get this form within 28 days of their request for Statutory Maternity Pay or the birth (whichever is earlier).\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- proof of pregnancy - usually a doctor\u2019s note or a MATB1 certificate (a photocopy is fine)\n\n- the date SMP began\n\n- your SMP payments (including dates)\n\n- the SMP you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to, for example by using form SMP2 or keeping your own records.\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Entitlement

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Leave

    ", + "

    Eligible employees can take up to 52 weeks\u2019 maternity leave. The first 26 weeks is known as \u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019, the last 26 weeks as \u2018Additional Maternity Leave\u2019.

    ", + "

    The earliest that leave can be taken is 11 weeks before the expected week of childbirth, unless the baby is born early.

    ", + "

    Employees must take at least 2 weeks after the birth (or 4 weeks if they\u2019re a factory worker).

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)

    ", + "

    SMP for eligible employees can be paid for up to 39 weeks, usually as follows:

    ", + "
  • the first 6 weeks: 90% of their average weekly earnings (AWE) before tax
    • ", + "
  • the remaining 33 weeks: \u00a3151.97 or 90% of their AWE (whichever is lower)
    • ", + "

    Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.

    ", + "

    Use the SMP calculator to work out an employee\u2019s maternity leave and pay.

    ", + "

    Some employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement.

    ", + "

    Extra leave or pay

    ", + "

    You can offer more than the statutory amounts if you have a company maternity scheme. You must make sure your maternity leave and pay policies are clear and available to staff.

    ", + "

    If the baby is born early

    ", + "

    Leave starts the day after the birth if the baby is born early.

    ", + "

    The employee must give you the child\u2019s birth certificate or a document signed by a doctor or midwife that confirms the actual date of birth.

    ", + "

    You must write to them confirming the new end date for their leave.

    ", + "

    For very premature births where the child is born 15 weeks or more before the due date, you\u2019ll need to calculate SMP using your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.

    ", + "

    If the baby dies

    ", + "

    Employees still qualify for leave or pay if the baby:

    ", + "
  • is stillborn after the start of the 24th week of pregnancy
    • ", + "
  • dies after being born
    • ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    An employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during maternity leave.

    ", + "

    You still have to pay SMP even if you stop trading.

    ", + "

    Eligibility and proof of pregnancy

    ", + "

    Some employees will not qualify for both leave and pay.

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Leave

    ", + "

    Employees must:

    ", + "
  • have an employment contract - it does not matter how long they\u2019ve worked for you
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)

    ", + "

    Employees must:

    ", + "
  • be on your payroll in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 - the 15th week before the expected week of childbirth
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give you proof they\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the qualifying week
    • ", + "
  • earn at least \u00a3120 a week (gross) in an 8-week \u2018relevant period\u2019
    • ", + "

    If your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    Use the maternity pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their relevant period, notice period and statutory maternity pay.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for some employee situations (for example if they leave, become sick or their baby is born before the qualifying week).

    ", + "

    Proof of pregnancy

    ", + "

    You must get proof of the pregnancy before you pay SMP. This is usually a doctor\u2019s letter or a maternity certificate (known as an MATB1 certificate). Midwives and doctors usually issue these 20 weeks before the due date.

    ", + "

    The employee should give you proof within 21 days of the SMP start date. You can agree to accept it later if you want. You do not have to pay SMP if you have not received proof of the due date 13 weeks after the SMP start date.

    ", + "

    You must keep records of the proof of pregnancy.

    ", + "

    Employees not entitled to SMP may be able to get Maternity Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    Notice does not have to be in writing unless you request it.

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Leave

    ", + "

    At least 15 weeks before the baby is expected, your employees must tell you the date that:

    ", + "
  • the baby is due
    • ", + "
  • they want to start their maternity leave - they can change this with 28 days\u2019 notice
    • ", + "

    You must then confirm their leave start and end dates in writing within 28 days.

    ", + "

    Employees can change their return to work date if they give 8 weeks\u2019 notice.

    ", + "

    You cannot refuse maternity leave or change the amount of leave your employees want to take.

    ", + "

    Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)

    ", + "

    Your employees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice of the date they want to start their SMP. This is usually the same date they want to start their leave.

    ", + "

    You can refuse to pay SMP if your employee does not give you this notice and they do not give you a reasonable excuse.

    ", + "

    Refuse pay form SMP1

    ", + "

    You can refuse Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) if the employee does not qualify. They may be able to get Maternity Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    To refuse it, give the employee the SMP1 form within 7 days of your decision. They must get this form within 28 days of their request for Statutory Maternity Pay or the birth (whichever is earlier).

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:

    ", + "
  • proof of pregnancy - usually a doctor\u2019s note or a MATB1 certificate (a photocopy is fine)
    • ", + "
  • the date SMP began
    • ", + "
  • your SMP payments (including dates)
    • ", + "
  • the SMP you\u2019ve reclaimed
    • ", + "
  • any weeks you did not pay and why
    • ", + "

    You must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to, for example by using form SMP2 or keeping your own records.

    ", + "

    Help with statutory pay

    ", + "

    For financial help with statutory pay, you can:

    ", + "
  • reclaim payments (usually 92%)
    • ", + "
  • apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/employers-parental-bereavement-pay-leave": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-parental-bereavement-pay-leave", + "title": "Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay and Leave: employer guide", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAn employee may be eligible for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if they or their partner either:\n\n- has a child who has died under 18 years old\n\n- had a stillbirth after 24 weeks of pregnancy\n\nThe death or stillbirth must have happened on or after 6 April 2020.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nAn employee can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave from the first day of their employment for each child who has died or was stillborn.\n\nThey can choose to take:\n\n- 2 weeks together\n\n- 2 separate weeks of leave\n\n- only one week of leave\n\nThe leave:\n\n- can start on or after the date of the death or stillbirth\n\n- must finish within 56 weeks of the date of the death or stillbirth\n\n## Taking leave with other types of statutory leave\n\nIf the employee was on another type of statutory leave when the death or stillbirth happened, Parental Bereavement Leave must start after that other leave has ended. This includes if the statutory leave is for another child.\n\nIf an employee\u2019s Parental Bereavement Leave is interrupted by the start of another type of statutory leave, they can take their remaining entitlement to Parental Bereavement Leave after that other leave has ended.\n\nThe remaining Parental Bereavement Leave must still be taken within 56 weeks of the date of death or stillbirth.\n\nParental Bereavement Leave can be taken between blocks of shared parental leave which had already been booked when the child died, even if the shared parental leave is for another child.\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nStatutory Parental Bereavement Pay for an eligible employee is either \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their average weekly earnings (whichever is lower). Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay using Basic PAYE tools or guidance on manual calculation.\n\nSome employment types, like agency workers, directors and educational workers, have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nYour company can offer more leave and pay but you can only recover 2 weeks\u2019 payment for each employee and for each death.\n\nYou should make sure your Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay policies are clear and easily accessible to staff.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s rights (like the right to pay rises, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during Parental Bereavement Leave.\n\nYou still have to pay Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo qualify for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, an employee must meet the criteria both as a parent (including if they had day to day responsibility) and an employee. They might not be eligible for both.\n\n## If the employee was the child\u2019s parent or the parent\u2019s partner\n\nAn employee will be eligible if, at the time of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they were:\n\n- the child\u2019s or baby\u2019s parent - either biological, adoptive or parent of a child born to a surrogate\n\n- the partner of the child\u2019s or baby\u2019s parent\n\nBiological parents are not eligible once an adoption or parental order has been made unless there was a contact order in place after the adoption.\n\n## If the employee was not the child\u2019s parent but had day to day responsibility for the child\n\nAn employee may be eligible if they or their partner had:\n\n- the child or baby living with them at their home for 4 continuous weeks, ending with the date of the death\n\n- day to day responsibility for the child or baby\u2019s care during that time\n\nIf the employee or their partner was paid to look after the child, they\u2019re not entitled to leave or pay unless they were:\n\n- a foster parent paid a fee or allowance by a local authority\n\n- reimbursed for expenses to do with the care of the child or baby\n\n- getting payments under the terms of a will or trust for the child or baby\u2019s care\n\nAn employee is not eligible if one of the child or baby\u2019s parents or someone who had parental responsibility (parental responsibilities in Scotland) for the child was also living in the household.\n\n## If the employee was an adoptive parent\n\nIf they or their partner was an adoptive parent, an employee is eligible:\n\n- after the adoption order was granted\n\n- before the adoption order was granted, if the child was placed with them for adoption and the placement was not disrupted (for example, being temporarily placed elsewhere) or stopped\n\n## If the employee was an adoptive parent of a child from outside the United Kingdom\n\nIf the employee or their partner was adopting a child from outside the United Kingdom and the court order had not yet been made, they may still be eligible. Both of the following must apply:\n\n- the child was living with them after entering Great Britain\n\n- they have the \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming they were allowed to adopt\n\n## If the employee had a baby with the help of a surrogate parent\n\nIf they or their partner were a parent of a child born to a surrogate, an employee is eligible:\n\n- after a parental order was made\n\n- before a parental order was made if they had applied or intended to apply for a parental order within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth and expected it to be granted\n\n## Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nTo get Parental Bereavement Leave, the employee must also:\n\n- be classed as an employee - it does not matter how long they\u2019ve worked for you\n\n- give you the correct notice for Parental Bereavement Leave\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nTo get Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, the employee must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to the end of the \u2018relevant week\u2019. The \u2018relevant week\u2019 is the week (ending with a Saturday) immediately before the week of the death or stillbirth.\n\nThey must also:\n\n- remain employed by you up to the day the child dies or is stillborn\n\n- earn on average \u00a3120 a week (gross)\n\n- give you the correct notice for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nUse the guidance on manual calculation to check entitlement and to work out the relevant week.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave or become sick.\n\n## Notice period\n\nAn employee must give notice for Parental Bereavement Leave as well as evidence for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay.\n\n## Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nAn employee has 56 weeks to take Parental Bereavement Leave. This starts from the date of the child\u2019s death.\n\nThe 56 weeks is split into 2 periods:\n\n- from the date of the death or stillbirth to 8 weeks after\n\n- 9 to 56 weeks after the date of the death or stillbirth\n\nThey can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave in one block or as 2 separate blocks of one week.\n\nYou must get notice from the employee before they take Parental Bereavement Leave. How much notice depends on when they\u2019re taking leave.\n\n## 0 to 8 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\nAn employee must give you notice before the time they would normally start work on the first day of the period they want to take off work.\n\n## 9 to 56 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\nAn employee must give you at least one week\u2019s notice before the start of the week or weeks they want to take off work.\n\n## How employees should give you notice\n\nThey should tell you:\n\n- the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\n- when they want their Parental Bereavement Leave to begin\n\n- how much leave they are taking - either 1 or 2 weeks\n\nAn employee can give you notice informally, for example by phone, text message or email.\n\nYou cannot ask for:\n\n- notice for leave in writing (such as following up with an email, letter or form)\n\n- notice to cancel leave in writing\n\n- evidence of entitlement for leave\n\n- details about the employee\u2019s relationship to the child or baby\n\n## Cancelling Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nAn employee can cancel their Parental Bereavement Leave if they\u2019ve given you more than the required notice for taking leave.\n\nIf they were starting the leave within 8 weeks of the death or stillbirth, they must let you know about the cancellation no later than the time they would normally start work on the first day of planned leave.\n\nIf they were starting the leave 9 weeks or later after the death or stillbirth, they must let you know no later than one week before the start of the planned leave.\n\nThey can rebook another week\u2019s leave if they cancel before the leave was due to start and they give you the correct notice.\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nAn employee must ask for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay within 28 days, starting with the first day of the week they want to claim pay for.\n\nThey must give you in writing (for example, a letter or email) each time:\n\n- the dates of the period the want to claim Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\n- their name\n\n- the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\nThe employee will also need to give you a self declaration to confirm they are eligible because of their relationship to the child or baby - they only need to provide this once when they first ask for pay.\n\n## Cancelling Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nAn employee can cancel their Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if they\u2019ve given you more than the required notice for claiming pay.\n\nIf their pay was due to start within 8 weeks of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they must give you notice on the first day of the week of pay they want to cancel.\n\nIf their pay was due to start 9 weeks or later after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they must tell you they want to cancel one week before their pay was due to start.\n\n## Non-payment form\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if the employee does not qualify.\n\nTo do this, send them a completed non-payment form (SPBP1) or your own equivalent form within 28 days of their pay request with evidence. You should keep a record of the week which was refused and the reason why.\n\nIf an employee is unhappy with your decision, they can contact the HMRC Statutory Payments Disputes Team. They must do this within 6 months of the start date of the Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay period they claimed.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- the start date for any period Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay was paid\n\n- the payments you\u2019ve made (including dates)\n\n- a copy of the evidence of entitlement from the employee for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay including their written declaration, name and date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\n- details of any weeks the employee claimed Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay but you did not pay and the reason why\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.\n\nYou can use HMRC\u2019s record keeping form (SPBP2) or your own.\n\n## Get help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments\n\n## Apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments\n\nYou can apply online for an advance to pay for an employee\u2019s Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay.\n\nBefore you start, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your employer PAYE reference\n\n- your payment or account office reference numbers - this is on the letter when you first registered as an employer\n\n- the amount of tax or National Insurance owed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- bank or building society details for you or the third party it\u2019s being paid to\n\n- a completed R38 form if the advance is being paid to a third party\n\nYou\u2019ll also need information about the employee including their:\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- average weekly earnings\n\n- parental bereavement leave and pay arrangements - you can get this information from their self declaration\n\nYour advance can be paid either by BACS or payable order.\n\nContact HMRC if you\u2019ve got questions about advance payments.\n\n## Apply online\n\nApply online for an advance if you have a Government Gateway user ID and password.\n\nIf you do not have a Government Gateway user ID and password, you can apply online for an advance using a valid email address.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nIf the advance is being paid to a third party and you\u2019re sending a completed R38 form by post, send it to HMRC within 4 weeks of applying for an advance.\n\nOnce your application has been approved, the money will be paid to the bank or building society account you provided or you\u2019ll be sent a cheque (payable order), depending on which payment option you chose.\n\nIf there are any issues with your application, HMRC will contact you directly.\n\n## Paying back your advance payment\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay back your advance payment through Employer Payment Summary (EPS).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    An employee may be eligible for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if they or their partner either:

    ", + "
  • has a child who has died under 18 years old
    • ", + "
  • had a stillbirth after 24 weeks of pregnancy
    • ", + "

    The death or stillbirth must have happened on or after 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    An employee can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave from the first day of their employment for each child who has died or was stillborn.

    ", + "

    They can choose to take:

    ", + "
  • 2 weeks together
    • ", + "
  • 2 separate weeks of leave
    • ", + "
  • only one week of leave
    • ", + "

    The leave:

    ", + "
  • can start on or after the date of the death or stillbirth
    • ", + "
  • must finish within 56 weeks of the date of the death or stillbirth
    • ", + "

    Taking leave with other types of statutory leave

    ", + "

    If the employee was on another type of statutory leave when the death or stillbirth happened, Parental Bereavement Leave must start after that other leave has ended. This includes if the statutory leave is for another child.

    ", + "

    If an employee\u2019s Parental Bereavement Leave is interrupted by the start of another type of statutory leave, they can take their remaining entitlement to Parental Bereavement Leave after that other leave has ended.

    ", + "

    The remaining Parental Bereavement Leave must still be taken within 56 weeks of the date of death or stillbirth.

    ", + "

    Parental Bereavement Leave can be taken between blocks of shared parental leave which had already been booked when the child died, even if the shared parental leave is for another child.

    ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay for an eligible employee is either \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their average weekly earnings (whichever is lower). Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.

    ", + "

    Calculate an employee\u2019s Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay using Basic PAYE tools or guidance on manual calculation.

    ", + "

    Some employment types, like agency workers, directors and educational workers, have different rules for entitlement.

    ", + "

    Extra leave or pay

    ", + "

    Your company can offer more leave and pay but you can only recover 2 weeks\u2019 payment for each employee and for each death.

    ", + "

    You should make sure your Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay policies are clear and easily accessible to staff.

    ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    An employee\u2019s rights (like the right to pay rises, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during Parental Bereavement Leave.

    ", + "

    You still have to pay Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay even if you stop trading.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To qualify for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, an employee must meet the criteria both as a parent (including if they had day to day responsibility) and an employee. They might not be eligible for both.

    ", + "

    If the employee was the child\u2019s parent or the parent\u2019s partner

    ", + "

    An employee will be eligible if, at the time of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they were:

    ", + "
  • the child\u2019s or baby\u2019s parent - either biological, adoptive or parent of a child born to a surrogate
    • ", + "
  • the partner of the child\u2019s or baby\u2019s parent
    • ", + "

    Biological parents are not eligible once an adoption or parental order has been made unless there was a contact order in place after the adoption.

    ", + "

    If the employee was not the child\u2019s parent but had day to day responsibility for the child

    ", + "

    An employee may be eligible if they or their partner had:

    ", + "
  • the child or baby living with them at their home for 4 continuous weeks, ending with the date of the death
    • ", + "
  • day to day responsibility for the child or baby\u2019s care during that time
    • ", + "

    If the employee or their partner was paid to look after the child, they\u2019re not entitled to leave or pay unless they were:

    ", + "
  • a foster parent paid a fee or allowance by a local authority
    • ", + "
  • reimbursed for expenses to do with the care of the child or baby
    • ", + "
  • getting payments under the terms of a will or trust for the child or baby\u2019s care
    • ", + "

    An employee is not eligible if one of the child or baby\u2019s parents or someone who had parental responsibility (parental responsibilities in Scotland) for the child was also living in the household.

    ", + "

    If the employee was an adoptive parent

    ", + "

    If they or their partner was an adoptive parent, an employee is eligible:

    ", + "
  • after the adoption order was granted
    • ", + "
  • before the adoption order was granted, if the child was placed with them for adoption and the placement was not disrupted (for example, being temporarily placed elsewhere) or stopped
    • ", + "

    If the employee was an adoptive parent of a child from outside the United Kingdom

    ", + "

    If the employee or their partner was adopting a child from outside the United Kingdom and the court order had not yet been made, they may still be eligible. Both of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • the child was living with them after entering Great Britain
    • ", + "
  • they have the \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming they were allowed to adopt
    • ", + "

    If the employee had a baby with the help of a surrogate parent

    ", + "

    If they or their partner were a parent of a child born to a surrogate, an employee is eligible:

    ", + "
  • after a parental order was made
    • ", + "
  • before a parental order was made if they had applied or intended to apply for a parental order within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth and expected it to be granted
    • ", + "

    Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    To get Parental Bereavement Leave, the employee must also:

    ", + "
  • be classed as an employee - it does not matter how long they\u2019ve worked for you
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice for Parental Bereavement Leave
    • ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    To get Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, the employee must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to the end of the \u2018relevant week\u2019. The \u2018relevant week\u2019 is the week (ending with a Saturday) immediately before the week of the death or stillbirth.

    ", + "

    They must also:

    ", + "
  • remain employed by you up to the day the child dies or is stillborn
    • ", + "
  • earn on average \u00a3120 a week (gross)
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay
    • ", + "

    If your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    Use the guidance on manual calculation to check entitlement and to work out the relevant week.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave or become sick.

    ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    An employee must give notice for Parental Bereavement Leave as well as evidence for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay.

    ", + "

    Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    An employee has 56 weeks to take Parental Bereavement Leave. This starts from the date of the child\u2019s death.

    ", + "

    The 56 weeks is split into 2 periods:

    ", + "
  • from the date of the death or stillbirth to 8 weeks after
    • ", + "
  • 9 to 56 weeks after the date of the death or stillbirth
    • ", + "

    They can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave in one block or as 2 separate blocks of one week.

    ", + "

    You must get notice from the employee before they take Parental Bereavement Leave. How much notice depends on when they\u2019re taking leave.

    ", + "

    0 to 8 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth

    ", + "

    An employee must give you notice before the time they would normally start work on the first day of the period they want to take off work.

    ", + "

    9 to 56 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth

    ", + "

    An employee must give you at least one week\u2019s notice before the start of the week or weeks they want to take off work.

    ", + "

    How employees should give you notice

    ", + "

    They should tell you:

    ", + "
  • the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth
    • ", + "
  • when they want their Parental Bereavement Leave to begin
    • ", + "
  • how much leave they are taking - either 1 or 2 weeks
    • ", + "

    An employee can give you notice informally, for example by phone, text message or email.

    ", + "

    You cannot ask for:

    ", + "
  • notice for leave in writing (such as following up with an email, letter or form)
    • ", + "
  • notice to cancel leave in writing
    • ", + "
  • evidence of entitlement for leave
    • ", + "
  • details about the employee\u2019s relationship to the child or baby
    • ", + "

    Cancelling Parental Bereavement Leave

    ", + "

    An employee can cancel their Parental Bereavement Leave if they\u2019ve given you more than the required notice for taking leave.

    ", + "

    If they were starting the leave within 8 weeks of the death or stillbirth, they must let you know about the cancellation no later than the time they would normally start work on the first day of planned leave.

    ", + "

    If they were starting the leave 9 weeks or later after the death or stillbirth, they must let you know no later than one week before the start of the planned leave.

    ", + "

    They can rebook another week\u2019s leave if they cancel before the leave was due to start and they give you the correct notice.

    ", + "

    Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    An employee must ask for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay within 28 days, starting with the first day of the week they want to claim pay for.

    ", + "

    They must give you in writing (for example, a letter or email) each time:

    ", + "
  • the dates of the period the want to claim Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay
    • ", + "
  • their name
    • ", + "
  • the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth
    • ", + "

    The employee will also need to give you a self declaration to confirm they are eligible because of their relationship to the child or baby - they only need to provide this once when they first ask for pay.

    ", + "

    Cancelling Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay

    ", + "

    An employee can cancel their Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if they\u2019ve given you more than the required notice for claiming pay.

    ", + "

    If their pay was due to start within 8 weeks of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they must give you notice on the first day of the week of pay they want to cancel.

    ", + "

    If their pay was due to start 9 weeks or later after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they must tell you they want to cancel one week before their pay was due to start.

    ", + "

    Non-payment form

    ", + "

    You can refuse Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if the employee does not qualify.

    ", + "

    To do this, send them a completed non-payment form (SPBP1) or your own equivalent form within 28 days of their pay request with evidence. You should keep a record of the week which was refused and the reason why.

    ", + "

    If an employee is unhappy with your decision, they can contact the HMRC Statutory Payments Disputes Team. They must do this within 6 months of the start date of the Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay period they claimed.

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:

    ", + "
  • the start date for any period Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay was paid
    • ", + "
  • the payments you\u2019ve made (including dates)
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the evidence of entitlement from the employee for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay including their written declaration, name and date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth
    • ", + "
  • details of any weeks the employee claimed Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay but you did not pay and the reason why
    • ", + "

    You must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.

    ", + "

    You can use HMRC\u2019s record keeping form (SPBP2) or your own.

    ", + "

    Get help with statutory pay

    ", + "

    For financial help with statutory pay, you can:

    ", + "
  • reclaim payments
    • ", + "
  • apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments
    • ", + "

    Apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments

    ", + "

    You can apply online for an advance to pay for an employee\u2019s Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay.

    ", + "

    Before you start, you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your employer PAYE reference
    • ", + "
  • your payment or account office reference numbers - this is on the letter when you first registered as an employer
    • ", + "
  • the amount of tax or National Insurance owed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society details for you or the third party it\u2019s being paid to
    • ", + "
  • a completed R38 form if the advance is being paid to a third party
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need information about the employee including their:

    ", + "
  • National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • average weekly earnings
    • ", + "
  • parental bereavement leave and pay arrangements - you can get this information from their self declaration
    • ", + "

    Your advance can be paid either by BACS or payable order.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you\u2019ve got questions about advance payments.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Apply online for an advance if you have a Government Gateway user ID and password.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a Government Gateway user ID and password, you can apply online for an advance using a valid email address.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    If the advance is being paid to a third party and you\u2019re sending a completed R38 form by post, send it to HMRC within 4 weeks of applying for an advance.

    ", + "

    Once your application has been approved, the money will be paid to the bank or building society account you provided or you\u2019ll be sent a cheque (payable order), depending on which payment option you chose.

    ", + "

    If there are any issues with your application, HMRC will contact you directly.

    ", + "

    Paying back your advance payment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay back your advance payment through Employer Payment Summary (EPS).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/employers-paternity-pay-leave": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-paternity-pay-leave", + "title": "Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave: employer guide", + "content": "## Entitlement\n\nEmployees may be eligible for Statutory Paternity Leave and Pay if they and their partner are:\n\n- having a baby\n\n- adopting a child\n\n- having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement\n\n## Statutory Paternity Leave\n\nEmployees can choose to take either 1 week or 2 consecutive weeks\u2019 leave. The amount of time is the same even if they have more than one child (for example twins).\n\nLeave cannot start before the birth. The start date must be one of the following:\n\n- the actual date of birth\n\n- an agreed number of days after the birth\n\n- an agreed number of days after the expected week of childbirth\n\nLeave must finish within 56 days of the birth (or due date if the baby is early). The start and end dates are different if the employee is adopting.\n\n## Statutory Paternity Pay\n\nStatutory Paternity Pay for eligible employees is either \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their average weekly earnings (whichever is lower). Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s paternity leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator.\n\nSome employment types, like agency workers, directors and educational workers, have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nEmployees can get more leave or pay if:\n\n- their partner returns to work and they qualify for Shared Parental Leave and Pay\n\n- your company scheme offers more\n\nYou must make sure your paternity leave and pay policies are clear and easily accessible to staff.\n\n## Leave for antenatal appointments\n\nEmployees can take unpaid leave to accompany a pregnant woman to antenatal appointments if they are:\n\n- the baby\u2019s father\n\n- the expectant mother\u2019s spouse or civil partner\n\n- in a long term relationship with the expectant mother\n\n- the intended parent (if they\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)\n\nThey can accompany the woman to 2 appointments of up to 6 and a half hours each.\n\n## If the baby dies\n\nEmployees still qualify for paternity leave and pay if the baby is either:\n\n- stillborn from 24 weeks of pregnancy\n\n- born alive at any point in the pregnancy but later dies\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during paternity leave. You still have to pay Statutory Paternity Pay even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nEmployees must be one of the following, the:\n\n- father\n\n- husband or partner of the mother (or adopter)\n\n- child\u2019s adopter\n\n- intended parent (if they\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)\n\nEmployees must also:\n\n- be classed as an employee (paternity leave only)\n\n- be employed by you up to the date the child is born (or placed with the adopter) (paternity pay only)\n\n- be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week (gross) in an 8 week \u2018relevant period\u2019 (paternity pay only)\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- be taking time off to look after the child or their partner\n\n- be responsible for the child\u2019s upbringing\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nThe qualifying week is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if the employee is adopting.\n\nUse the paternity pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their relevant period, notice period and paternity pay.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave or become sick.\n\n## If the child is born early\n\nIf the child is born early, the employee is still eligible if they would have worked for you continuously for at least 26 weeks by the qualifying week.\n\nFor very premature births where the child is born 15 weeks before the due date, you\u2019ll need to calculate paternity pay using your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.\n\n## Employees in surrogacy arrangements\n\nParents intending to have a child through a surrogacy arrangement may be eligible for Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave.\n\nIf you ask, they must give you a written statement to confirm that they\u2019ve applied or intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth.\n\nEmployees cannot get Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave if they\u2019ve taken Shared Parental Leave.\n\n## Notice period\n\nThe notice periods and forms are different if the employee is adopting.\n\n## Statutory Paternity Leave\n\nEmployees must tell you at least 15 weeks before the week the baby is expected:\n\n- the baby\u2019s due date\n\n- when they want their leave to start - they can change this with 28 days\u2019 notice\n\n- how much leave they want\n\nNotice does not have to be in writing unless you request it. Employees can use form SC3 to ask for leave and pay.\n\n## Statutory Paternity Pay\n\nEmployees must request paternity pay at least 15 weeks before the week the baby is expected using form SC3 (or your own version). Take a copy and give the original back to the employee.\n\nEmployees having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement must use form SC4 to request leave and pay.\n\n## Late notice\n\nYou can delay the leave or pay start date if the employee does not have a reasonable excuse for giving you the wrong amount of notice. To delay it, write to them within 28 days of their leave request.\n\n## Adoption\n\nEligible employees are entitled to paternity leave and pay if they\u2019re adopting a child.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s paternity leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator. For overseas adoptions you\u2019ll need to use your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nAn employee adopting a child must:\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the week they were matched with a child (UK adoptions)\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks by either the date the child arrives in the UK or when they want their pay to start (overseas adoptions)\n\n- confirm that their partner is getting Statutory Adoption Pay in writing or by giving you a copy of their partner\u2019s form SC6\n\n- meet the other eligibility conditions for paternity leave or pay\n\n## Notice period\n\nAn employee adopting a child must send you form SC4 for:\n\n- leave - no later than 7 days of their co-adopter or partner being matched with a child\n\n- pay - 28 days before they want their pay to start\n\nFor overseas adoptions the form and notice period is different. The process is explained on form SC5.\n\n## Leave start date\n\nAn employee taking paternity leave because they\u2019re adopting can start their leave:\n\n- on the date of placement\n\n- an agreed number of days after the date of placement\n\n- on the date the child arrives in the UK or an agreed number of days after this (overseas adoptions)\n\nFor overseas adoptions leave must be taken within 56 days of the date of placement or the child\u2019s arrival in the UK.\n\n## Proof of adoption\n\nEmployees must give you proof of adoption to qualify for paternity pay. Proof is not needed for paternity leave unless you request it. Proof can be a letter from their adoption agency or their matching certificate.\n\nYou must keep records of the proof.\n\n## Refuse pay form SPP1\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Paternity Pay if the employee does not qualify. To do this send them form SPP1 within 28 days of their pay request. You must keep a copy.\n\nThe employee can ask you for a written statement explaining your decision. You have to give this to them within a reasonable time, for example 7 working days.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- the date Statutory Paternity Pay started\n\n- the paternity payments you\u2019ve made (including dates)\n\n- the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\n- if adopting, a letter from the adoption agency or a matching certificate\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to (for example by using form SPP2 or keeping your own records).\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Entitlement

    ", + "

    Employees may be eligible for Statutory Paternity Leave and Pay if they and their partner are:

    ", + "
  • having a baby
    • ", + "
  • adopting a child
    • ", + "
  • having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement
    • ", + "

    Statutory Paternity Leave

    ", + "

    Employees can choose to take either 1 week or 2 consecutive weeks\u2019 leave. The amount of time is the same even if they have more than one child (for example twins).

    ", + "

    Leave cannot start before the birth. The start date must be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the actual date of birth
    • ", + "
  • an agreed number of days after the birth
    • ", + "
  • an agreed number of days after the expected week of childbirth
    • ", + "

    Leave must finish within 56 days of the birth (or due date if the baby is early). The start and end dates are different if the employee is adopting.

    ", + "

    Statutory Paternity Pay

    ", + "

    Statutory Paternity Pay for eligible employees is either \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their average weekly earnings (whichever is lower). Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.

    ", + "

    Calculate an employee\u2019s paternity leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator.

    ", + "

    Some employment types, like agency workers, directors and educational workers, have different rules for entitlement.

    ", + "

    Extra leave or pay

    ", + "

    Employees can get more leave or pay if:

    ", + "
  • their partner returns to work and they qualify for Shared Parental Leave and Pay
    • ", + "
  • your company scheme offers more
    • ", + "

    You must make sure your paternity leave and pay policies are clear and easily accessible to staff.

    ", + "

    Leave for antenatal appointments

    ", + "

    Employees can take unpaid leave to accompany a pregnant woman to antenatal appointments if they are:

    ", + "
  • the baby\u2019s father
    • ", + "
  • the expectant mother\u2019s spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • in a long term relationship with the expectant mother
    • ", + "
  • the intended parent (if they\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)
    • ", + "

    They can accompany the woman to 2 appointments of up to 6 and a half hours each.

    ", + "

    If the baby dies

    ", + "

    Employees still qualify for paternity leave and pay if the baby is either:

    ", + "
  • stillborn from 24 weeks of pregnancy
    • ", + "
  • born alive at any point in the pregnancy but later dies
    • ", + "

    Employment rights

    ", + "

    An employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during paternity leave. You still have to pay Statutory Paternity Pay even if you stop trading.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Employees must be one of the following, the:

    ", + "
  • father
    • ", + "
  • husband or partner of the mother (or adopter)
    • ", + "
  • child\u2019s adopter
    • ", + "
  • intended parent (if they\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)
    • ", + "

    Employees must also:

    ", + "
  • be classed as an employee (paternity leave only)
    • ", + "
  • be employed by you up to the date the child is born (or placed with the adopter) (paternity pay only)
    • ", + "
  • be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week (gross) in an 8 week \u2018relevant period\u2019 (paternity pay only)
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • be taking time off to look after the child or their partner
    • ", + "
  • be responsible for the child\u2019s upbringing
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019
    • ", + "

    If your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    The qualifying week is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if the employee is adopting.

    ", + "

    Use the paternity pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their relevant period, notice period and paternity pay.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave or become sick.

    ", + "

    If the child is born early

    ", + "

    If the child is born early, the employee is still eligible if they would have worked for you continuously for at least 26 weeks by the qualifying week.

    ", + "

    For very premature births where the child is born 15 weeks before the due date, you\u2019ll need to calculate paternity pay using your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.

    ", + "

    Employees in surrogacy arrangements

    ", + "

    Parents intending to have a child through a surrogacy arrangement may be eligible for Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave.

    ", + "

    If you ask, they must give you a written statement to confirm that they\u2019ve applied or intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth.

    ", + "

    Employees cannot get Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave if they\u2019ve taken Shared Parental Leave.

    ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    The notice periods and forms are different if the employee is adopting.

    ", + "

    Statutory Paternity Leave

    ", + "

    Employees must tell you at least 15 weeks before the week the baby is expected:

    ", + "
  • the baby\u2019s due date
    • ", + "
  • when they want their leave to start - they can change this with 28 days\u2019 notice
    • ", + "
  • how much leave they want
    • ", + "

    Notice does not have to be in writing unless you request it. Employees can use form SC3 to ask for leave and pay.

    ", + "

    Statutory Paternity Pay

    ", + "

    Employees must request paternity pay at least 15 weeks before the week the baby is expected using form SC3 (or your own version). Take a copy and give the original back to the employee.

    ", + "

    Employees having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement must use form SC4 to request leave and pay.

    ", + "

    Late notice

    ", + "

    You can delay the leave or pay start date if the employee does not have a reasonable excuse for giving you the wrong amount of notice. To delay it, write to them within 28 days of their leave request.

    ", + "

    Adoption

    ", + "

    Eligible employees are entitled to paternity leave and pay if they\u2019re adopting a child.

    ", + "

    Calculate an employee\u2019s paternity leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator. For overseas adoptions you\u2019ll need to use your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    An employee adopting a child must:

    ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the week they were matched with a child (UK adoptions)
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks by either the date the child arrives in the UK or when they want their pay to start (overseas adoptions)
    • ", + "
  • confirm that their partner is getting Statutory Adoption Pay in writing or by giving you a copy of their partner\u2019s form SC6
    • ", + "
  • meet the other eligibility conditions for paternity leave or pay
    • ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    An employee adopting a child must send you form SC4 for:

    ", + "
  • leave - no later than 7 days of their co-adopter or partner being matched with a child
    • ", + "
  • pay - 28 days before they want their pay to start
    • ", + "

    For overseas adoptions the form and notice period is different. The process is explained on form SC5.

    ", + "

    Leave start date

    ", + "

    An employee taking paternity leave because they\u2019re adopting can start their leave:

    ", + "
  • on the date of placement
    • ", + "
  • an agreed number of days after the date of placement
    • ", + "
  • on the date the child arrives in the UK or an agreed number of days after this (overseas adoptions)
    • ", + "

    For overseas adoptions leave must be taken within 56 days of the date of placement or the child\u2019s arrival in the UK.

    ", + "

    Proof of adoption

    ", + "

    Employees must give you proof of adoption to qualify for paternity pay. Proof is not needed for paternity leave unless you request it. Proof can be a letter from their adoption agency or their matching certificate.

    ", + "

    You must keep records of the proof.

    ", + "

    Refuse pay form SPP1

    ", + "

    You can refuse Statutory Paternity Pay if the employee does not qualify. To do this send them form SPP1 within 28 days of their pay request. You must keep a copy.

    ", + "

    The employee can ask you for a written statement explaining your decision. You have to give this to them within a reasonable time, for example 7 working days.

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:

    ", + "
  • the date Statutory Paternity Pay started
    • ", + "
  • the paternity payments you\u2019ve made (including dates)
    • ", + "
  • the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed
    • ", + "
  • any weeks you did not pay and why
    • ", + "
  • if adopting, a letter from the adoption agency or a matching certificate
    • ", + "

    You must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to (for example by using form SPP2 or keeping your own records).

    ", + "

    Help with statutory pay

    ", + "

    For financial help with statutory pay, you can:

    ", + "
  • reclaim payments (usually 92%)
    • ", + "
  • apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay", + "title": "Statutory Sick Pay (SSP): employer guide", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour employees may be eligible for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP), which is \u00a396.35 a week for up to 28 weeks.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou can offer more if you have a company sick pay scheme (you cannot offer less). Company schemes are also called \u2018contractual\u2019 or \u2018occupational\u2019 sick pay and must be included in an employment contract.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to Statutory Sick Pay if you\u2019re an employee.\n\n## If your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou must pay an employee SSP if they\u2019re self-isolating and off work for at least 4 days and any of the following apply:\n\n- they or someone they live with has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- they\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve been in contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- someone in their support bubble (or your \u2018extended household\u2019 if you live in Scotland or Wales) has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- they\u2019ve been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\nYou must pay your employee from the first \u2018qualifying day\u2019 they\u2019re off work. The date will depend on why they\u2019re off work.\n\nYou must pay them on or after one of the following dates:\n\n- 13 March 2020 - if they or someone they live with has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- 28 May 2020 - if your employee has been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- 6 July 2020 - if someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- 26 August 2020 - if your employee has been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\nA \u2018qualifying day\u2019 is a day an employee usually works on.\n\n## Reclaiming SSP\n\nYou can reclaim up to 2 weeks\u2019 SSP if all of the following apply:\n\n- your employee was off work because they had COVID-19 or were self-isolating\n\n- your employee was off work because they were shielding - before 26 April 2021 in Scotland, before 12 April 2021 in Northern Ireland and before 1 April 2021 in England and Wales\n\n- your PAYE payroll scheme started on or before 28 February 2020\n\n- you had fewer than 250 employees on 28 February 2020\n\nYou can reclaim up to \u00a396.35 a week for each employee.\n\nYou cannot reclaim SSP if your employee is off sick for any other reason.\n\nFind out what other support you can get if your business is affected by COVID-19.\n\n## Holiday (or \u2018annual leave\u2019)\n\nStatutory annual leave is accrued while the employee is off work sick (no matter how long they\u2019re off) and can be taken during sick leave.\n\n## Entitlement\n\nThe weekly rate for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is \u00a396.35 for up to 28 weeks. It is paid:\n\n- for the days an employee normally works - called \u2018qualifying days\u2019\n\n- in the same way as wages, for example on the normal payday, deducting tax and National insurance\n\nUse the SSP calculator to work out the actual amount, for example for a daily rate.\n\nSome employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement. You may still have to pay SSP even if you stop trading.\n\nYou cannot force your employees to take annual leave when they\u2019re eligible for sick leave.\n\n## When to start paying SSP\n\nSSP is paid when the employee is sick for at least 4 days in a row (including non-working days).\n\nYou cannot count a day as a sick day if an employee has worked for a minute or more before they go home sick.\n\nIf an employee works a shift that ends the day after it started and becomes sick during the shift or after it has finished, the second day will count as a sick day.\n\n## If your employee is off sick or self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19) or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\nFrom 13 March 2020 you start paying SSP from the first \u2018qualifying day\u2019 an employee is off work, as long as they are off for at least 4 days in a row. This includes non-working days.\n\nIf an employee was off sick with COVID-19 symptoms before 13 March, you start paying SSP from the fourth qualifying day.\n\nIf an employee was self-isolating before 13 March because someone they live with had symptoms, you start paying SSP from 13 March.\n\nIf an employee is self-isolating because they\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, you start paying SSP from 28 May.\n\nIf an employee was self-isolating before 6 July because someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) but not their own household had symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19, you start paying SSP from 6 July.\n\nIf an employee is self-isolating because they\u2019ve been advised to do so by a doctor or healthcare professional before going into hospital for surgery, you start paying SSP from 26 August.\n\n## When to stop paying SSP\n\nSSP stops when the employee comes back to work or no longer qualifies.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep records of SSP you\u2019ve paid to an employee who was off work because of COVID-19 if you want to reclaim it.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep the following records for 3 years after the end of the tax year you paid SSP:\n\n- the dates the employee was off sick\n\n- which of those dates were qualifying days\n\n- the reason they said they were off work\n\n- the employee\u2019s National Insurance number\n\nYou do not need to keep records of SSP paid to employees who are off sick for another reason.\n\nYou can choose how you keep records of your employees\u2019 sickness absence. HMRC may need to see these records if there\u2019s a dispute over payment of SSP.\n\n## Eligibility and form SSP1\n\nTo qualify for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) employees must:\n\n- have an employment contract\n\n- have done some work under their contract\n\n- have been sick for 4 or more days in a row (including non-working days) - known as a \u2018period of incapacity for work\u2019\n\n- earn an average of at least \u00a3120 per week\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- give you proof of their illness, only after 7 days off\n\nEmployees who have been paid less than 8 weeks of earnings still qualify for SSP. Use the sick pay calculator to work out how much to pay them.\n\nAn employee\u2019s period of incapacity for work is not interrupted if they take annual leave during that time.\n\nEmployees can qualify for sick pay from more than one job.\n\nThey could also qualify in one job but be fit for work in another, for example if one job is physical work that they cannot do while ill but the other is office-based.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) eligibility\n\nYour employees qualify for SSP if they meet the criteria and cannot work if any of the following apply:\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 13 March 2020 because they or someone they live with had COVID-19 or symptoms of COVID-19\n\n- started self-isolating on or after 28 May 2020 because they were notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 6 July 2020 because someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) but not their own household had symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- have tested positive for COVID-19 since 5 August 2020\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 26 August because they had been advised to do so by a doctor or healthcare professional before going into hospital for surgery\n\nEmployees will not qualify for SSP if they are self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK, and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nEmployees do not qualify for SSP if they:\n\n- have received the maximum amount of SSP (28 weeks)\n\n- are getting Statutory Maternity Pay or Maternity Allowance - there are special rules for pregnant women and new mothers who do not get these payments\n\n- are off work for a pregnancy-related illness in the 4 weeks before the week (Sunday to Saturday) that their baby is due\n\n- were in custody or on strike on the first day of sickness (including any linked periods)\n\n- are working outside the EU and you\u2019re not liable for their National Insurance contributions\n\n- received Employment and Support Allowance within 12 weeks of starting or returning to work for you\n\nUse the SSP calculator to check eligibility.\n\n## Linked periods of sickness\n\nIf your employee has regular periods of sickness, they may count as \u2018linked\u2019. To be linked, the periods must:\n\n- last 4 or more days each\n\n- be 8 weeks or less apart\n\nYour employee is no longer eligible for SSP if they have a continuous series of linked periods that lasts more than 3 years.\n\n## If an employee is not eligible or their SSP ends\n\nEmployees may be able to apply for Universal Credit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA). They use form SSP1 to support their application.\n\nIf your employee\u2019s SSP is ending you must send them form SSP1 either:\n\n- within 7 days of their SSP ending, if it ends unexpectedly while they\u2019re still sick\n\n- on or before the beginning of the 23rd week, if their SSP is expected to end before their sickness does\n\nIf your employee does not qualify for SSP you must send them form SSP1 within 7 days of them going off sick.\n\nIf your employee thinks this is unfair, they can appeal to HMRC - the form tells them how to do this.\n\n## Long-term illness\n\nYou can complete form SSP1 before the end of SSP if you know an employee will be off sick for more than 28 weeks. This means they can apply for ESA before their SSP comes to an end.\n\n## Notice and fit notes\n\n## Notice\n\nThe employee should tell you they\u2019re sick within the time limit set by you, or 7 days if you do not have one. You cannot:\n\n- insist they tell you in person or on a special form\n\n- ask them for proof of their sickness until they have been off for 7 days (including non-working days)\n\nYou do not have to pay Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) for any days the employee was late in telling you (unless there\u2019s a good reason for the delay).\n\n## If an employee was shielding because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nShielding has stopped in the UK.\n\nAn employee can no longer apply for a new shielding note or a replacement shielding note.\n\n## Fit notes and asking for proof\n\nAfter 7 days off sick (including non-working days) you can ask the employee for proof of their sickness. This could be:\n\n- an isolation note from NHS 111 - if they are self-isolating and cannot work because of COVID-19\n\n- the notification from the NHS or public health authorities if they are self-isolating because they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- a letter or shielding note that they got from their doctor or health authority, or the government, advising them to shield\n\n- a letter from their doctor or healthcare professional confirming the date of their procedure if they\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- a fit note from their doctor or a hospital (sometimes called a sick note) - if they have any other illness\n\nIf you agree, they can give you a report from a physiotherapist, podiatrist or occupational therapist, (called an Allied Health Professional (AHP) Health and Work report).\n\nYou cannot withhold SSP if the employee is late sending you a fit note or isolation note.\n\nIf your employee is off sick frequently or for a long time, HMRC has information about getting medical advice.\n\n## Help with sick pay\n\n## Reclaiming Statutory Sick Pay\n\nYou may be able to reclaim Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) if your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you\u2019re insolvent\n\nHMRC will pay SSP for any employee who continues to work for you if they were sick when you became insolvent. Tell your employee to contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.\n\nIf their sickness continues and you terminate their contract, give them a completed SSP1 form so they can claim Employment and Support Allowance instead.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your employees may be eligible for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP), which is \u00a396.35 a week for up to 28 weeks.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You can offer more if you have a company sick pay scheme (you cannot offer less). Company schemes are also called \u2018contractual\u2019 or \u2018occupational\u2019 sick pay and must be included in an employment contract.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate guide to Statutory Sick Pay if you\u2019re an employee.

    ", + "

    If your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You must pay an employee SSP if they\u2019re self-isolating and off work for at least 4 days and any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they or someone they live with has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve been in contact with someone with COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • someone in their support bubble (or your \u2018extended household\u2019 if you live in Scotland or Wales) has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ve been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "

    You must pay your employee from the first \u2018qualifying day\u2019 they\u2019re off work. The date will depend on why they\u2019re off work.

    ", + "

    You must pay them on or after one of the following dates:

    ", + "
  • 13 March 2020 - if they or someone they live with has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • 28 May 2020 - if your employee has been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • 6 July 2020 - if someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • 26 August 2020 - if your employee has been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "

    A \u2018qualifying day\u2019 is a day an employee usually works on.

    ", + "

    Reclaiming SSP

    ", + "

    You can reclaim up to 2 weeks\u2019 SSP if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your employee was off work because they had COVID-19 or were self-isolating
    • ", + "
  • your employee was off work because they were shielding - before 26 April 2021 in Scotland, before 12 April 2021 in Northern Ireland and before 1 April 2021 in England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • your PAYE payroll scheme started on or before 28 February 2020
    • ", + "
  • you had fewer than 250 employees on 28 February 2020
    • ", + "

    You can reclaim up to \u00a396.35 a week for each employee.

    ", + "

    You cannot reclaim SSP if your employee is off sick for any other reason.

    ", + "

    Find out what other support you can get if your business is affected by COVID-19.

    ", + "

    Holiday (or \u2018annual leave\u2019)

    ", + "

    Statutory annual leave is accrued while the employee is off work sick (no matter how long they\u2019re off) and can be taken during sick leave.

    ", + "

    Entitlement

    ", + "

    The weekly rate for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is \u00a396.35 for up to 28 weeks. It is paid:

    ", + "
  • for the days an employee normally works - called \u2018qualifying days\u2019
    • ", + "
  • in the same way as wages, for example on the normal payday, deducting tax and National insurance
    • ", + "

    Use the SSP calculator to work out the actual amount, for example for a daily rate.

    ", + "

    Some employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement. You may still have to pay SSP even if you stop trading.

    ", + "

    You cannot force your employees to take annual leave when they\u2019re eligible for sick leave.

    ", + "

    When to start paying SSP

    ", + "

    SSP is paid when the employee is sick for at least 4 days in a row (including non-working days).

    ", + "

    You cannot count a day as a sick day if an employee has worked for a minute or more before they go home sick.

    ", + "

    If an employee works a shift that ends the day after it started and becomes sick during the shift or after it has finished, the second day will count as a sick day.

    ", + "

    If your employee is off sick or self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19) or has tested positive for COVID-19

    ", + "

    From 13 March 2020 you start paying SSP from the first \u2018qualifying day\u2019 an employee is off work, as long as they are off for at least 4 days in a row. This includes non-working days.

    ", + "

    If an employee was off sick with COVID-19 symptoms before 13 March, you start paying SSP from the fourth qualifying day.

    ", + "

    If an employee was self-isolating before 13 March because someone they live with had symptoms, you start paying SSP from 13 March.

    ", + "

    If an employee is self-isolating because they\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, you start paying SSP from 28 May.

    ", + "

    If an employee was self-isolating before 6 July because someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) but not their own household had symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19, you start paying SSP from 6 July.

    ", + "

    If an employee is self-isolating because they\u2019ve been advised to do so by a doctor or healthcare professional before going into hospital for surgery, you start paying SSP from 26 August.

    ", + "

    When to stop paying SSP

    ", + "

    SSP stops when the employee comes back to work or no longer qualifies.

    ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep records of SSP you\u2019ve paid to an employee who was off work because of COVID-19 if you want to reclaim it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep the following records for 3 years after the end of the tax year you paid SSP:

    ", + "
  • the dates the employee was off sick
    • ", + "
  • which of those dates were qualifying days
    • ", + "
  • the reason they said they were off work
    • ", + "
  • the employee\u2019s National Insurance number
    • ", + "

    You do not need to keep records of SSP paid to employees who are off sick for another reason.

    ", + "

    You can choose how you keep records of your employees\u2019 sickness absence. HMRC may need to see these records if there\u2019s a dispute over payment of SSP.

    ", + "

    Eligibility and form SSP1

    ", + "

    To qualify for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) employees must:

    ", + "
  • have an employment contract
    • ", + "
  • have done some work under their contract
    • ", + "
  • have been sick for 4 or more days in a row (including non-working days) - known as a \u2018period of incapacity for work\u2019
    • ", + "
  • earn an average of at least \u00a3120 per week
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give you proof of their illness, only after 7 days off
    • ", + "

    Employees who have been paid less than 8 weeks of earnings still qualify for SSP. Use the sick pay calculator to work out how much to pay them.

    ", + "

    An employee\u2019s period of incapacity for work is not interrupted if they take annual leave during that time.

    ", + "

    Employees can qualify for sick pay from more than one job.

    ", + "

    They could also qualify in one job but be fit for work in another, for example if one job is physical work that they cannot do while ill but the other is office-based.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) eligibility

    ", + "

    Your employees qualify for SSP if they meet the criteria and cannot work if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • were self-isolating on or after 13 March 2020 because they or someone they live with had COVID-19 or symptoms of COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • started self-isolating on or after 28 May 2020 because they were notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • were self-isolating on or after 6 July 2020 because someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) but not their own household had symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • have tested positive for COVID-19 since 5 August 2020
    • ", + "
  • were self-isolating on or after 26 August because they had been advised to do so by a doctor or healthcare professional before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "

    Employees will not qualify for SSP if they are self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK, and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    Employees do not qualify for SSP if they:

    ", + "
  • have received the maximum amount of SSP (28 weeks)
    • ", + "
  • are getting Statutory Maternity Pay or Maternity Allowance - there are special rules for pregnant women and new mothers who do not get these payments
    • ", + "
  • are off work for a pregnancy-related illness in the 4 weeks before the week (Sunday to Saturday) that their baby is due
    • ", + "
  • were in custody or on strike on the first day of sickness (including any linked periods)
    • ", + "
  • are working outside the EU and you\u2019re not liable for their National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "
  • received Employment and Support Allowance within 12 weeks of starting or returning to work for you
    • ", + "

    Use the SSP calculator to check eligibility.

    ", + "

    Linked periods of sickness

    ", + "

    If your employee has regular periods of sickness, they may count as \u2018linked\u2019. To be linked, the periods must:

    ", + "
  • last 4 or more days each
    • ", + "
  • be 8 weeks or less apart
    • ", + "

    Your employee is no longer eligible for SSP if they have a continuous series of linked periods that lasts more than 3 years.

    ", + "

    If an employee is not eligible or their SSP ends

    ", + "

    Employees may be able to apply for Universal Credit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA). They use form SSP1 to support their application.

    ", + "

    If your employee\u2019s SSP is ending you must send them form SSP1 either:

    ", + "
  • within 7 days of their SSP ending, if it ends unexpectedly while they\u2019re still sick
    • ", + "
  • on or before the beginning of the 23rd week, if their SSP is expected to end before their sickness does
    • ", + "

    If your employee does not qualify for SSP you must send them form SSP1 within 7 days of them going off sick.

    ", + "

    If your employee thinks this is unfair, they can appeal to HMRC - the form tells them how to do this.

    ", + "

    Long-term illness

    ", + "

    You can complete form SSP1 before the end of SSP if you know an employee will be off sick for more than 28 weeks. This means they can apply for ESA before their SSP comes to an end.

    ", + "

    Notice and fit notes

    ", + "

    Notice

    ", + "

    The employee should tell you they\u2019re sick within the time limit set by you, or 7 days if you do not have one. You cannot:

    ", + "
  • insist they tell you in person or on a special form
    • ", + "
  • ask them for proof of their sickness until they have been off for 7 days (including non-working days)
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) for any days the employee was late in telling you (unless there\u2019s a good reason for the delay).

    ", + "

    If an employee was shielding because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Shielding has stopped in the UK.

    ", + "

    An employee can no longer apply for a new shielding note or a replacement shielding note.

    ", + "

    Fit notes and asking for proof

    ", + "

    After 7 days off sick (including non-working days) you can ask the employee for proof of their sickness. This could be:

    ", + "
  • an isolation note from NHS 111 - if they are self-isolating and cannot work because of COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • the notification from the NHS or public health authorities if they are self-isolating because they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • a letter or shielding note that they got from their doctor or health authority, or the government, advising them to shield
    • ", + "
  • a letter from their doctor or healthcare professional confirming the date of their procedure if they\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery
    • ", + "
  • a fit note from their doctor or a hospital (sometimes called a sick note) - if they have any other illness
    • ", + "

    If you agree, they can give you a report from a physiotherapist, podiatrist or occupational therapist, (called an Allied Health Professional (AHP) Health and Work report).

    ", + "

    You cannot withhold SSP if the employee is late sending you a fit note or isolation note.

    ", + "

    If your employee is off sick frequently or for a long time, HMRC has information about getting medical advice.

    ", + "

    Help with sick pay

    ", + "

    Reclaiming Statutory Sick Pay

    ", + "

    You may be able to reclaim Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) if your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re insolvent

    ", + "

    HMRC will pay SSP for any employee who continues to work for you if they were sick when you became insolvent. Tell your employee to contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.

    ", + "

    If their sickness continues and you terminate their contract, give them a completed SSP1 form so they can claim Employment and Support Allowance instead.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/time-off-for-dependants": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/time-off-for-dependants", + "title": "Time off for family and dependants", + "content": "## Your rights\n\nAs an employee you\u2019re allowed time off to deal with an emergency involving a dependant.\n\nA dependant could be a spouse, partner, child, grandchild, parent, or someone who depends on you for care.\n\n## How much you get\n\nYou\u2019re allowed a reasonable amount of time off to deal with the emergency, but there\u2019s no set amount of time as it depends on the situation.\n\nTell your employer as soon as possible how much time you\u2019ll need so it can be agreed.\n\n## Limits on time off\n\nThere are no limits on how many times you can take time off for dependants. Your employer may want to talk to you if they think time off is affecting your work.\n\n## Pay\n\nYour employer may pay you for time off to look after dependants but they don\u2019t have to. Check your contract, company handbook or intranet site to see if there are rules about this.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou can\u2019t have time off if you knew about a situation beforehand. For example you wouldn\u2019t be covered if you wanted to take your child to hospital for an appointment. You might get parental leave instead.\n\nCheck your employment status to see if you\u2019re classed as an \u2018employee\u2019.\n\n## Compassionate leave\n\nIf you aren\u2019t given time off for dependants, your employer may allow you \u2018compassionate leave\u2019 - this can be paid or unpaid leave for emergency situations. Check your employment contract, company handbook or intranet for details about compassionate leave.\n\n## What's an emergency?\n\nYou could get time off when a dependant is involved in the following emergencies.\n\n## Illness, injury or assault\n\nThis includes mental or physical illnesses that don\u2019t have to be life-threatening or need full-time care - it could be an existing condition that has worsened.\n\nFor example, if a dependant is mugged without being physically hurt, you could take time off to comfort or help them.\n\nYou can also take time off to arrange longer term care for a dependant.\n\n## Having a baby\n\nYou could take time off if a dependant goes into labour unexpectedly and they rely on you to take them to the hospital. You can\u2019t take time off for dependants after the birth to care for the child, unless it\u2019s an emergency. However, if you\u2019re the child\u2019s parent you could be entitled to paternity or parental leave.\n\n## Disruption of care arrangements\n\nYou could get time off if:\n\n- a child minder or carer doesn\u2019t turn up to look after a dependant\n\n- a nursing home or nursery closes unexpectedly\n\n## If your child is involved in an incident during school time\n\nYou could get time off if your child has been:\n\n- involved in a fight\n\n- injured on a school trip\n\n- suspended from school\n\n## Taking time off\n\nTell your employer as soon as possible if you need time off. If it\u2019s an emergency, you may not be able to do this before you leave work but you should let your employer know as soon as possible.\n\nYou don\u2019t have to do this in writing or give written proof.\n\n## Problems when you take time off\n\nYour employer musn\u2019t:\n\n- treat you unfairly for taking time off, for example refusing you training or promotion\n\n- dismiss you or choose you for redundancy because you asked for time off for a dependant\n\n- refuse you reasonable time off\n\nIf you think you\u2019ve been unfairly treated for taking time off for dependants, get advice from your staff or trade union representative or Acas.\n\nYou may be able to take a case to an Employment Tribunal.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Your rights

    ", + "

    As an employee you\u2019re allowed time off to deal with an emergency involving a dependant.

    ", + "

    A dependant could be a spouse, partner, child, grandchild, parent, or someone who depends on you for care.

    ", + "

    How much you get

    ", + "

    You\u2019re allowed a reasonable amount of time off to deal with the emergency, but there\u2019s no set amount of time as it depends on the situation.

    ", + "

    Tell your employer as soon as possible how much time you\u2019ll need so it can be agreed.

    ", + "

    Limits on time off

    ", + "

    There are no limits on how many times you can take time off for dependants. Your employer may want to talk to you if they think time off is affecting your work.

    ", + "

    Pay

    ", + "

    Your employer may pay you for time off to look after dependants but they don\u2019t have to. Check your contract, company handbook or intranet site to see if there are rules about this.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t have time off if you knew about a situation beforehand. For example you wouldn\u2019t be covered if you wanted to take your child to hospital for an appointment. You might get parental leave instead.

    ", + "

    Check your employment status to see if you\u2019re classed as an \u2018employee\u2019.

    ", + "

    Compassionate leave

    ", + "

    If you aren\u2019t given time off for dependants, your employer may allow you \u2018compassionate leave\u2019 - this can be paid or unpaid leave for emergency situations. Check your employment contract, company handbook or intranet for details about compassionate leave.

    ", + "

    What's an emergency?

    ", + "

    You could get time off when a dependant is involved in the following emergencies.

    ", + "

    Illness, injury or assault

    ", + "

    This includes mental or physical illnesses that don\u2019t have to be life-threatening or need full-time care - it could be an existing condition that has worsened.

    ", + "

    For example, if a dependant is mugged without being physically hurt, you could take time off to comfort or help them.

    ", + "

    You can also take time off to arrange longer term care for a dependant.

    ", + "

    Having a baby

    ", + "

    You could take time off if a dependant goes into labour unexpectedly and they rely on you to take them to the hospital. You can\u2019t take time off for dependants after the birth to care for the child, unless it\u2019s an emergency. However, if you\u2019re the child\u2019s parent you could be entitled to paternity or parental leave.

    ", + "

    Disruption of care arrangements

    ", + "

    You could get time off if:

    ", + "
  • a child minder or carer doesn\u2019t turn up to look after a dependant
    • ", + "
  • a nursing home or nursery closes unexpectedly
    • ", + "

    If your child is involved in an incident during school time

    ", + "

    You could get time off if your child has been:

    ", + "
  • involved in a fight
    • ", + "
  • injured on a school trip
    • ", + "
  • suspended from school
    • ", + "

    Taking time off

    ", + "

    Tell your employer as soon as possible if you need time off. If it\u2019s an emergency, you may not be able to do this before you leave work but you should let your employer know as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to do this in writing or give written proof.

    ", + "

    Problems when you take time off

    ", + "

    Your employer musn\u2019t:

    ", + "
  • treat you unfairly for taking time off, for example refusing you training or promotion
    • ", + "
  • dismiss you or choose you for redundancy because you asked for time off for a dependant
    • ", + "
  • refuse you reasonable time off
    • ", + "

    If you think you\u2019ve been unfairly treated for taking time off for dependants, get advice from your staff or trade union representative or Acas.

    ", + "

    You may be able to take a case to an Employment Tribunal.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/training-study-work-your-rights": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/training-study-work-your-rights", + "title": "Training and study at work: your rights", + "content": "## Who can and can't ask for time off to train\n\nStaff may have the right to ask for time off work for training or study.\n\nTo ask for training or study:\n\n- staff must be classed as an employee\n\n- they must have worked for their employer for at least 26 weeks\n\n- training must help staff do their job better\n\n- at least 250 people must work in the organisation\n\nTime off is usually unpaid unless the employer agrees to pay it.\n\nCheck someone\u2019s employment status.\n\n## Who can\u2019t ask for time off to train\n\nStaff can\u2019t ask for time off for training or study if they\u2019re:\n\n- an agency worker\n\n- in the armed forces\n\n- of compulsory school age (\u2018school age\u2019 in Scotland)\n\n- a young person who\u2019s already got the right to take paid time off for study or training\n\n- aged 16 to 18 and already expected to take part in education or training\n\n## Asking for time off\n\nEmployees should follow their organisation\u2019s rules to ask for time off. If there aren\u2019t any they can write to their employer saying it\u2019s a request \u2018under Section 63D of the Employment Rights Act 1996\u2019 with the following details:\n\n- the date\n\n- the subject matter of the study or training\n\n- where and when it would take place\n\n- who\u2019ll be providing the training\n\n- the name of the qualification they could get - if any\n\n- why they think this study or training will help them do their job better and help their employer\u2019s business\n\n- if they\u2019ve made a request before and when\n\nAn employer doesn\u2019t have to consider the request if all this information isn\u2019t included.\n\nEmployees can only make 1 request a year.\n\n## If the employee changes their mind\n\nThe employee must tell their employer if they:\n\n- don\u2019t start the agreed training or study\n\n- don\u2019t finish the training or study\n\n- do a different course or plan to do a different course from the one agreed\n\n## Employer's decision and responsibilities\n\nThe employer has 28 days to:\n\n- accept the request\n\n- hold a meeting with the employee to discuss it\n\nThis might be longer if the person who deals with these requests is off when the request is sent in.\n\nThe employee can take a trade union representative or colleague to the meeting. They can ask for the meeting to be postponed if this person can\u2019t make it.\n\nIf the employer decides to hold a meeting about it they must make a decision within 14 days of it, unless the employee agrees in writing to extend this time.\n\n## Turning down the request\n\nThe employer can only turn down a request if:\n\n- the training wouldn\u2019t benefit their business\n\n- they would run up extra costs for the business\n\n- they wouldn\u2019t be able to meet customer demands\n\n- they can\u2019t re-organise the work among other members of staff\n\n- they can\u2019t recruit extra staff\n\n- it would damage quality and business performance\n\n- there wouldn\u2019t be enough work for the employee to do at the times they intend to work\n\n- it conflicts with planned structural changes\n\n## Paying for the training\n\nThe employer doesn\u2019t have to pay for the training or study. They can choose to pay all or part of the fees if they think it will benefit the business.\n\n## Appealing the decision\n\nEmployees have the right to appeal if their employer refuses a request to take time off for training or study.\n\nThis must be made within 14 days of their employer\u2019s decision.\n\nThe appeal must:\n\n- be in writing\n\n- be dated\n\n- set out why they\u2019re appealing - the grounds for the appeal\n\n## The appeal meeting\n\nThe employer has to arrange a meeting with the employee to discuss the appeal within 14 days of getting the appeal.\n\nThe employer must give their decision in writing within 14 days of the meeting.\n\n## If the problem isn\u2019t resolved\n\nIf an employee isn\u2019t satisfied with the result of an appeal they can phone Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) for help and advice or raise a grievance.\n\nIf this doesn\u2019t work the employee could go to an employment tribunal if the employer:\n\n- didn\u2019t follow the procedure properly\n\n- refused the request based on the wrong facts\n\nEmployment tribunal claims must be made within 3 months of an appeal decision.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Who can and can't ask for time off to train

    ", + "

    Staff may have the right to ask for time off work for training or study.

    ", + "

    To ask for training or study:

    ", + "
  • staff must be classed as an employee
    • ", + "
  • they must have worked for their employer for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • training must help staff do their job better
    • ", + "
  • at least 250 people must work in the organisation
    • ", + "

    Time off is usually unpaid unless the employer agrees to pay it.

    ", + "

    Check someone\u2019s employment status.

    ", + "

    Who can\u2019t ask for time off to train

    ", + "

    Staff can\u2019t ask for time off for training or study if they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an agency worker
    • ", + "
  • in the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • of compulsory school age (\u2018school age\u2019 in Scotland)
    • ", + "
  • a young person who\u2019s already got the right to take paid time off for study or training
    • ", + "
  • aged 16 to 18 and already expected to take part in education or training
    • ", + "

    Asking for time off

    ", + "

    Employees should follow their organisation\u2019s rules to ask for time off. If there aren\u2019t any they can write to their employer saying it\u2019s a request \u2018under Section 63D of the Employment Rights Act 1996\u2019 with the following details:

    ", + "
  • the date
    • ", + "
  • the subject matter of the study or training
    • ", + "
  • where and when it would take place
    • ", + "
  • who\u2019ll be providing the training
    • ", + "
  • the name of the qualification they could get - if any
    • ", + "
  • why they think this study or training will help them do their job better and help their employer\u2019s business
    • ", + "
  • if they\u2019ve made a request before and when
    • ", + "

    An employer doesn\u2019t have to consider the request if all this information isn\u2019t included.

    ", + "

    Employees can only make 1 request a year.

    ", + "

    If the employee changes their mind

    ", + "

    The employee must tell their employer if they:

    ", + "
  • don\u2019t start the agreed training or study
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t finish the training or study
    • ", + "
  • do a different course or plan to do a different course from the one agreed
    • ", + "

    Employer's decision and responsibilities

    ", + "

    The employer has 28 days to:

    ", + "
  • accept the request
    • ", + "
  • hold a meeting with the employee to discuss it
    • ", + "

    This might be longer if the person who deals with these requests is off when the request is sent in.

    ", + "

    The employee can take a trade union representative or colleague to the meeting. They can ask for the meeting to be postponed if this person can\u2019t make it.

    ", + "

    If the employer decides to hold a meeting about it they must make a decision within 14 days of it, unless the employee agrees in writing to extend this time.

    ", + "

    Turning down the request

    ", + "

    The employer can only turn down a request if:

    ", + "
  • the training wouldn\u2019t benefit their business
    • ", + "
  • they would run up extra costs for the business
    • ", + "
  • they wouldn\u2019t be able to meet customer demands
    • ", + "
  • they can\u2019t re-organise the work among other members of staff
    • ", + "
  • they can\u2019t recruit extra staff
    • ", + "
  • it would damage quality and business performance
    • ", + "
  • there wouldn\u2019t be enough work for the employee to do at the times they intend to work
    • ", + "
  • it conflicts with planned structural changes
    • ", + "

    Paying for the training

    ", + "

    The employer doesn\u2019t have to pay for the training or study. They can choose to pay all or part of the fees if they think it will benefit the business.

    ", + "

    Appealing the decision

    ", + "

    Employees have the right to appeal if their employer refuses a request to take time off for training or study.

    ", + "

    This must be made within 14 days of their employer\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    The appeal must:

    ", + "
  • be in writing
    • ", + "
  • be dated
    • ", + "
  • set out why they\u2019re appealing - the grounds for the appeal
    • ", + "

    The appeal meeting

    ", + "

    The employer has to arrange a meeting with the employee to discuss the appeal within 14 days of getting the appeal.

    ", + "

    The employer must give their decision in writing within 14 days of the meeting.

    ", + "

    If the problem isn\u2019t resolved

    ", + "

    If an employee isn\u2019t satisfied with the result of an appeal they can phone Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) for help and advice or raise a grievance.

    ", + "

    If this doesn\u2019t work the employee could go to an employment tribunal if the employer:

    ", + "
  • didn\u2019t follow the procedure properly
    • ", + "
  • refused the request based on the wrong facts
    • ", + "

    Employment tribunal claims must be made within 3 months of an appeal decision.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/apply-european-works-council": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-european-works-council", + "title": "Ask your employer to set up a European Works Council", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can ask your employer to set up a European Works Council (EWC) if you work for a company with offices across the European Economic Area (EEA).\n\nAn EWC is a forum where your company can:\n\n- tell you about plans and decisions at the same time as employees in other countries - this is known as being informed\n\n- exchange views with you in the same way as employees in other countries - this is known as being consulted\n\nAn EWC only informs and consults on issues that affect more than one country where the business operates.\n\n## Who can ask for a European Works Council\n\nYou can ask your employer to set up an EWC if they have:\n\n- at least 1,000 employees in the EEA\n\n- 150 employees in each of at least 2 countries in the EEA\n\nYou can write to your employer to find out information, for example how many employees it has or where it operates, to help you make your request.\n\nYour employer can also set up an EWC without waiting for a request.\n\n## After you\u2019ve made your request\n\nYour employer will set up a special negotiating body (SNB) to negotiate an EWC agreement with central management of the business.\n\nYou can complain about the way an EWC has been set up or run.\n\n## Make a request\n\nWrite to your employer to ask them to set up a European Works Council (EWC).\n\nIt must be backed by at least 100 employees from at least 2 European Economic Area (EEA) sites.\n\nSend it to the central or local management of the business.\n\nYour employer can challenge your request for an EWC if:\n\n- they think the request is not valid, for example because the business does not employ enough people\n\n- there\u2019s an existing information and consultation agreement\n\n## After you've made your request\n\nAfter your request for a European Works Council (EWC) is accepted, your employer must set up a special negotiating body (SNB). The SNB will discuss how the EWC will be set up and run with the central management. The time limit for negotiations is 3 years.\n\nThe SNB must:\n\n- have at least one member from each of the countries where the business has a site\n\n- be set up within 6 months from when the request for an EWC was accepted\n\n## If there\u2019s an agreement\n\nYou\u2019ll get a written agreement for either:\n\n- an EWC\n\n- one or more alternative information and consultation arrangements\n\n## If an agreement is not made\n\nThe SNB can only end negotiations or decide not to open negotiations after a ballot has been held and a two-thirds majority reached. You\u2019ll have to wait 2 years to make a new application.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nComplain in writing to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) about the way a European Works Council (EWC) has been set up or run.\n\n## Complaints about requests for information\n\nYou can complain if your employer:\n\n- does not provide information about the size or structure of the company\n\n- provides inaccurate information about the size or structure of the company\n\nYou must wait a month after making a formal request for an EWC before you can complain.\n\n## Complaints about creating the Special Negotiating Body\n\nYou can complain about incorrect ballot arrangements to create a special negotiating body (SNB).\n\n## Complaints about creating the European Works Council\n\nYou can complain that:\n\n- an EWC has not been set up even though there have been negotiations\n\n- your employer has not followed the right procedure for running an EWC\n\n## How to complain\n\nWrite to CAC and include the following information:\n\n- the name, job and full contact details of the person making a complaint and the person or business you\u2019re complaining about\n\n- the right regulation number for the complaint you\u2019re making\n\n- the reasons for your complaint\n\nSend your complaint by email or by post to CAC.\n\nCAC will get in touch for more information as they need it.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can ask your employer to set up a European Works Council (EWC) if you work for a company with offices across the European Economic Area (EEA).

    ", + "

    An EWC is a forum where your company can:

    ", + "
  • tell you about plans and decisions at the same time as employees in other countries - this is known as being informed
    • ", + "
  • exchange views with you in the same way as employees in other countries - this is known as being consulted
    • ", + "

    An EWC only informs and consults on issues that affect more than one country where the business operates.

    ", + "

    Who can ask for a European Works Council

    ", + "

    You can ask your employer to set up an EWC if they have:

    ", + "
  • at least 1,000 employees in the EEA
    • ", + "
  • 150 employees in each of at least 2 countries in the EEA
    • ", + "

    You can write to your employer to find out information, for example how many employees it has or where it operates, to help you make your request.

    ", + "

    Your employer can also set up an EWC without waiting for a request.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve made your request

    ", + "

    Your employer will set up a special negotiating body (SNB) to negotiate an EWC agreement with central management of the business.

    ", + "

    You can complain about the way an EWC has been set up or run.

    ", + "

    Make a request

    ", + "

    Write to your employer to ask them to set up a European Works Council (EWC).

    ", + "

    It must be backed by at least 100 employees from at least 2 European Economic Area (EEA) sites.

    ", + "

    Send it to the central or local management of the business.

    ", + "

    Your employer can challenge your request for an EWC if:

    ", + "
  • they think the request is not valid, for example because the business does not employ enough people
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s an existing information and consultation agreement
    • ", + "

    After you've made your request

    ", + "

    After your request for a European Works Council (EWC) is accepted, your employer must set up a special negotiating body (SNB). The SNB will discuss how the EWC will be set up and run with the central management. The time limit for negotiations is 3 years.

    ", + "

    The SNB must:

    ", + "
  • have at least one member from each of the countries where the business has a site
    • ", + "
  • be set up within 6 months from when the request for an EWC was accepted
    • ", + "

    If there\u2019s an agreement

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a written agreement for either:

    ", + "
  • an EWC
    • ", + "
  • one or more alternative information and consultation arrangements
    • ", + "

    If an agreement is not made

    ", + "

    The SNB can only end negotiations or decide not to open negotiations after a ballot has been held and a two-thirds majority reached. You\u2019ll have to wait 2 years to make a new application.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    Complain in writing to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) about the way a European Works Council (EWC) has been set up or run.

    ", + "

    Complaints about requests for information

    ", + "

    You can complain if your employer:

    ", + "
  • does not provide information about the size or structure of the company
    • ", + "
  • provides inaccurate information about the size or structure of the company
    • ", + "

    You must wait a month after making a formal request for an EWC before you can complain.

    ", + "

    Complaints about creating the Special Negotiating Body

    ", + "

    You can complain about incorrect ballot arrangements to create a special negotiating body (SNB).

    ", + "

    Complaints about creating the European Works Council

    ", + "

    You can complain that:

    ", + "
  • an EWC has not been set up even though there have been negotiations
    • ", + "
  • your employer has not followed the right procedure for running an EWC
    • ", + "

    How to complain

    ", + "

    Write to CAC and include the following information:

    ", + "
  • the name, job and full contact details of the person making a complaint and the person or business you\u2019re complaining about
    • ", + "
  • the right regulation number for the complaint you\u2019re making
    • ", + "
  • the reasons for your complaint
    • ", + "

    Send your complaint by email or by post to CAC.

    ", + "

    CAC will get in touch for more information as they need it.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/monitoring-work-workers-rights": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/monitoring-work-workers-rights", + "title": "Being monitored at work: workers' rights", + "content": "## Overview\n\nEmployers might monitor workers. This could be done in various ways, like:\n\n- CCTV\n\n- drug testing\n\n- bag searches\n\n- checking a worker\u2019s emails or the websites they look at\n\nData protection law covers any monitoring that involves taking data, images or drug testing.\n\nIf workers are unhappy about being monitored, they can check their staff handbook or contract to see if the employer is allowed to do this.\n\nIf they\u2019re not, the worker might be able to resign and claim unfair (\u2018constructive\u2019) dismissal. But this is a last resort - they should try to sort the problem out first - read the advice to help solve a workplace dispute.\n\n## Searches\n\nEmployers should have a written policy on searching. Searches should:\n\n- respect privacy\n\n- be done by a member of the same sex\n\n- be done with a witness present\n\nIf a search or drug test is badly handled, workers might have a claim for discrimination, assault or false imprisonment.\n\nFor advice about work issues, talk to Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.\n\n## Drug testing\n\nEmployers have to have consent if they want to test for drugs. Usually this is when they have a full contractual health and safety policy, which should be in the contract or staff handbook.\n\nEmployers should:\n\n- limit testing to employees that need to be tested\n\n- ensure the tests are random\n\n- not single out particular employees for testing unless this is justified by the nature of their jobs\n\nWorkers can\u2019t be made to take a drugs test but if they refuse when the employer has good grounds for testing, they may face disciplinary action.\n\n## Email, CCTV and other monitoring\n\nEmployers must explain the amount of monitoring clearly in the staff handbook or contract. They should tell workers:\n\n- if they\u2019re being monitored\n\n- what counts as a reasonable number of personal emails and phone calls\n\n- if personal emails and calls are not allowed\n\nExamples of monitoring could include:\n\n- looking at which websites workers have visited\n\n- CCTV in the building\n\n- checking workers\u2019 bags as they leave\n\nEmployers are not allowed to monitor workers everywhere (not in the toilet, for example). If they don\u2019t respect this they could be in breach of the Data Protection Act.\n\nRead the advice on workplace disputes or talk to Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice for more advice. Workers can also contact their trade union representative.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Employers might monitor workers. This could be done in various ways, like:

    ", + "
  • CCTV
    • ", + "
  • drug testing
    • ", + "
  • bag searches
    • ", + "
  • checking a worker\u2019s emails or the websites they look at
    • ", + "

    Data protection law covers any monitoring that involves taking data, images or drug testing.

    ", + "

    If workers are unhappy about being monitored, they can check their staff handbook or contract to see if the employer is allowed to do this.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re not, the worker might be able to resign and claim unfair (\u2018constructive\u2019) dismissal. But this is a last resort - they should try to sort the problem out first - read the advice to help solve a workplace dispute.

    ", + "

    Searches

    ", + "

    Employers should have a written policy on searching. Searches should:

    ", + "
  • respect privacy
    • ", + "
  • be done by a member of the same sex
    • ", + "
  • be done with a witness present
    • ", + "

    If a search or drug test is badly handled, workers might have a claim for discrimination, assault or false imprisonment.

    ", + "

    For advice about work issues, talk to Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.

    ", + "

    Drug testing

    ", + "

    Employers have to have consent if they want to test for drugs. Usually this is when they have a full contractual health and safety policy, which should be in the contract or staff handbook.

    ", + "

    Employers should:

    ", + "
  • limit testing to employees that need to be tested
    • ", + "
  • ensure the tests are random
    • ", + "
  • not single out particular employees for testing unless this is justified by the nature of their jobs
    • ", + "

    Workers can\u2019t be made to take a drugs test but if they refuse when the employer has good grounds for testing, they may face disciplinary action.

    ", + "

    Email, CCTV and other monitoring

    ", + "

    Employers must explain the amount of monitoring clearly in the staff handbook or contract. They should tell workers:

    ", + "
  • if they\u2019re being monitored
    • ", + "
  • what counts as a reasonable number of personal emails and phone calls
    • ", + "
  • if personal emails and calls are not allowed
    • ", + "

    Examples of monitoring could include:

    ", + "
  • looking at which websites workers have visited
    • ", + "
  • CCTV in the building
    • ", + "
  • checking workers\u2019 bags as they leave
    • ", + "

    Employers are not allowed to monitor workers everywhere (not in the toilet, for example). If they don\u2019t respect this they could be in breach of the Data Protection Act.

    ", + "

    Read the advice on workplace disputes or talk to Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice for more advice. Workers can also contact their trade union representative.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "title": "Derecognise a union", + "content": "## Overview\n\nTrade unions can be recognised to represent groups of employees in a company in negotiations over pay, holidays and working conditions through either:\n\n- a voluntary agreement with the employer\n\n- a declaration by the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC).\n\nThree years after a CAC declaration of recognition, employers and workers can apply to the CAC to have a union derecognised.\n\nIf the application is successful, the union will cease to represent the workforce in negotiations with the employer.\n\n## When employers can apply\n\nWhere recognition has been declared by the CAC, you can apply to have a union derecognised in any of the following situations:\n\n- the number of people employed by the company has fallen to less than 21\n\n- workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union\n\n- the number of union members in the bargaining unit has fallen to below 50%\n\n## When workers can apply\n\nYou can apply to have a union derecognised if workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union and don\u2019t want to be represented by the union.\n\nYou can apply to have a non-independent union derecognised if the majority of workers do not support it.\n\n## Employers: reduced workforce\n\nAs an employer, you can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to have a trade union derecognised if both of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period\n\n- it is more than 3 years since recognition was declared by the CAC\n\nYou must give written notice to the union asking for the union to be derecognised. Notice must be given within 5 days of the end of the relevant 13-week period.\n\nYour letter must include the following details:\n\n- the specific 13-week period during which you had less than 21 workers\n\n- the number of workers you employed in that time\n\n- the current bargaining arrangements\n\n- the date you want the arrangements to end - this must be at least 35 working days after the request was made\n\nYou must give a copy of the letter to the CAC. The CAC will tell you within 10 days if the notice you gave the union was valid.\n\n## Your notice is valid\n\nThe union will be derecognised and you won\u2019t have to negotiate with them anymore, unless they make an application to the CAC because they believe that:\n\n- the 13-week period was within 3 years of them gaining recognition\n\n- your company employed 21 or more workers during that time\n\n## Your notice isn\u2019t valid\n\nYou must continue with the current collective bargaining arrangements.\n\n## Employers: union loses support\n\nYou can try to get a union derecognised if the workers in the bargaining unit no longer support it and don\u2019t want it to negotiate on their behalf.\n\n## Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise\n\nYou must send a written request to the union, stating:\n\n- that you wish to end the bargaining arrangements because you believe that the union no longer has the support of the workers\n\n- what the current arrangements are\n\n- that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\nThe union has 10 working days to respond to your request.\n\nYou can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.\n\n## The union agrees to negotiate\n\nIf they reject your request but agree to negotiate, you\u2019ll have another 20 working days to come to an agreement about derecognition.\n\nWithin this period, either side can ask the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) to help with negotiations. You may extend this period if the union agrees.\n\n## The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request\n\nYou can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.\n\nYou can only apply if both of these are true:\n\n- the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition\n\nSend the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. Send a copy to the union.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nThe CAC will arrange a secret ballot of workers if your application is successful.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.\n\n## Employers: union membership is less than 50%\n\nIf the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago, a union can be derecognised if the level of union membership in the bargaining unit falls below 50%.\n\nApply to the CAC to hold a secret ballot of employees on whether collective bargaining should be ended.\n\nYou can only apply if:\n\n- the CAC declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\n## Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise\n\nYou must send a written request to the unions, stating:\n\n- that fewer than 50% of the workers in the bargaining unit are union members\n\n- what the current bargaining arrangements are, eg how many workers are in the bargaining unit, where they work\n\n- that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\nThe union has 10 working days to respond to your request.\n\nYou can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.\n\n## The union rejects your request but is willing to negotiate\n\nYou have 10 days to negotiate an agreement about derecognition. You can extend this period if the union agrees.\n\n## The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request\n\nApply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.\n\nYou can\u2019t apply if there have been any applications to CAC for an end to bargaining arrangements in the previous 3 years.\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) that less than 50% of the bargaining unit are union members.\n\nSend the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. You must send copies of the form and evidence to the union.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nThe CAC will arrange for a secret ballot of the workers to be held if your application is successful.\n\nYou will have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.\n\n## Workers: union loses support\n\nYou can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for a secret ballot on derecognition if you believe the union no longer has the support of the bargaining unit.\n\nYou can only apply if both of these are true:\n\n- the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition\n\nSend the completed form and your evidence to both the union and the CAC.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs information to support your application, eg evidence of levels of union support.\n\nYour application will either be:\n\n- rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days\n\n## Taking part in negotiations\n\nCAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.\n\nThe outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:\n\n- you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised\n\n- no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot\n\n## Workers: derecognise a non-independent union\n\nAn employee or group of workers can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to derecognise a non-independent union that the employer recognised voluntarily.\n\nA non-independent union represents employees but has not been given a certificate of independence by the Certification Officer. You can check this on the Certification Officer\u2019s website.\n\nYou can apply any time after the union has been recognised by the employer.\n\n## Apply for a secret ballot\n\nApply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to find out if they want the union derecognsied.\n\nThe form must be completed and signed by an employee in the bargaining unit.\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of employees in the bargaining are likely to favour an end to the bargaining arrangements\n\nSend the completed form plus your documents to CAC. Send a signed copy of the form and evidence to the union and your employer.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nYour application will either be:\n\n- rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days\n\n## Taking part in negotiations\n\nCAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.\n\nThe outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:\n\n- you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised\n\n- no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot\n\n## Holding a derecognition ballot\n\nWhen employers, workers and the union have tried to reach agreement about derecognition but failed, the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will hold a secret ballot.\n\nCAC will write to everyone involved, saying that they intend to hold a ballot to allow workers in the bargaining unit to vote on derecognition.\n\n## How the ballot works\n\nCAC will appoint a qualified independent person (QIP) who will aim to conduct the ballot within 20 working days of their appointment. The CAC may extend this period if necessary.\n\nThe QIP will provide an estimate for the cost of running the ballot. The arrangements for the ballot will be decided by the CAC after consulting the employer and the union.\n\nThe final cost of the ballot will be split equally between the employer and the union.\n\nThe employer and the union must follow the Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition.\n\n## Complain when someone doesn\u2019t co-operate\n\nComplain to CAC any time before the ballot is held if you feel someone isn\u2019t co-operating.\n\nThe union can complain to the CAC if the employer is not fulfilling their duties during the ballot.\n\nCAC will investigate and can issue a \u2018remedial order\u2019 demanding that all duties are carried out properly.\n\nIf that order is ignored CAC can cancel the ballot or declare that the union be derecognised.\n\n## Complain about unfair practices\n\nComplain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if you feel that another party is using unfair practices to influence the ballot, eg bribery or threats.\n\nTo make a complaint fill in the unfair practices application form and send it to CAC. The address is on the form.\n\nComplaints can be made at any time up to the end of day after the ballot closes.\n\nWhere CAC finds that unfair practices were used they may:\n\n- reschedule the ballot\n\n- cancel the ballot and declare that the union is derecognised\n\n- cancel the ballot and refuse the application for derecognition\n\nThe Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition has more information.\n\n## After the ballot\n\nYou\u2019ll usually find out the result of the vote 48 hours after the ballot closes.\n\nFor a union to be derecognised the majority of those voting, and at least 40% of the workers in the bargaining unit, must vote in favour of ending the bargaining arrangements.\n\nThe Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will declare the union as derecognised or will refuse the application for derecognition.\n\n## Paying for the ballot\n\nThe employer and the union will each receive a demand from the qualified independent person (QIP) for their share of the cost of running the ballot.\n\nThis must be paid in 15 days. If either party wishes to dispute the amount they can appeal to an employment tribunal.\n\n## What you must do\n\nAs an employer, you no longer have to work with a union that\u2019s been derecognised.\n\nYou must continue to work with a union if the CAC have refused the application for derecognition. You cannot reapply for the union to be derecognised for 3 years.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Trade unions can be recognised to represent groups of employees in a company in negotiations over pay, holidays and working conditions through either:

    ", + "
  • a voluntary agreement with the employer
    • ", + "
  • a declaration by the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC).
    • ", + "

    Three years after a CAC declaration of recognition, employers and workers can apply to the CAC to have a union derecognised.

    ", + "

    If the application is successful, the union will cease to represent the workforce in negotiations with the employer.

    ", + "

    When employers can apply

    ", + "

    Where recognition has been declared by the CAC, you can apply to have a union derecognised in any of the following situations:

    ", + "
  • the number of people employed by the company has fallen to less than 21
    • ", + "
  • workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union
    • ", + "
  • the number of union members in the bargaining unit has fallen to below 50%
    • ", + "

    When workers can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply to have a union derecognised if workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union and don\u2019t want to be represented by the union.

    ", + "

    You can apply to have a non-independent union derecognised if the majority of workers do not support it.

    ", + "

    Employers: reduced workforce

    ", + "

    As an employer, you can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to have a trade union derecognised if both of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period
    • ", + "
  • it is more than 3 years since recognition was declared by the CAC
    • ", + "

    You must give written notice to the union asking for the union to be derecognised. Notice must be given within 5 days of the end of the relevant 13-week period.

    ", + "

    Your letter must include the following details:

    ", + "
  • the specific 13-week period during which you had less than 21 workers
    • ", + "
  • the number of workers you employed in that time
    • ", + "
  • the current bargaining arrangements
    • ", + "
  • the date you want the arrangements to end - this must be at least 35 working days after the request was made
    • ", + "

    You must give a copy of the letter to the CAC. The CAC will tell you within 10 days if the notice you gave the union was valid.

    ", + "

    Your notice is valid

    ", + "

    The union will be derecognised and you won\u2019t have to negotiate with them anymore, unless they make an application to the CAC because they believe that:

    ", + "
  • the 13-week period was within 3 years of them gaining recognition
    • ", + "
  • your company employed 21 or more workers during that time
    • ", + "

    Your notice isn\u2019t valid

    ", + "

    You must continue with the current collective bargaining arrangements.

    ", + "

    Employers: union loses support

    ", + "

    You can try to get a union derecognised if the workers in the bargaining unit no longer support it and don\u2019t want it to negotiate on their behalf.

    ", + "

    Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise

    ", + "

    You must send a written request to the union, stating:

    ", + "
  • that you wish to end the bargaining arrangements because you believe that the union no longer has the support of the workers
    • ", + "
  • what the current arrangements are
    • ", + "
  • that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
    • ", + "

    The union has 10 working days to respond to your request.

    ", + "

    You can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.

    ", + "

    The union agrees to negotiate

    ", + "

    If they reject your request but agree to negotiate, you\u2019ll have another 20 working days to come to an agreement about derecognition.

    ", + "

    Within this period, either side can ask the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) to help with negotiations. You may extend this period if the union agrees.

    ", + "

    The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.

    ", + "

    You can only apply if both of these are true:

    ", + "
  • the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years
    • ", + "
  • there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years
    • ", + "

    Provide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:

    ", + "
  • at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised
    • ", + "
  • a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition
    • ", + "

    Send the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. Send a copy to the union.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    CAC has 10 working days to consider your application.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.

    ", + "

    The CAC will arrange a secret ballot of workers if your application is successful.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.

    ", + "

    Employers: union membership is less than 50%

    ", + "

    If the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago, a union can be derecognised if the level of union membership in the bargaining unit falls below 50%.

    ", + "

    Apply to the CAC to hold a secret ballot of employees on whether collective bargaining should be ended.

    ", + "

    You can only apply if:

    ", + "
  • the CAC declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago
    • ", + "
  • there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years
    • ", + "

    Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise

    ", + "

    You must send a written request to the unions, stating:

    ", + "
  • that fewer than 50% of the workers in the bargaining unit are union members
    • ", + "
  • what the current bargaining arrangements are, eg how many workers are in the bargaining unit, where they work
    • ", + "
  • that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
    • ", + "

    The union has 10 working days to respond to your request.

    ", + "

    You can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.

    ", + "

    The union rejects your request but is willing to negotiate

    ", + "

    You have 10 days to negotiate an agreement about derecognition. You can extend this period if the union agrees.

    ", + "

    The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request

    ", + "

    Apply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t apply if there have been any applications to CAC for an end to bargaining arrangements in the previous 3 years.

    ", + "

    Provide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) that less than 50% of the bargaining unit are union members.

    ", + "

    Send the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. You must send copies of the form and evidence to the union.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    CAC has 10 working days to consider your application.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.

    ", + "

    The CAC will arrange for a secret ballot of the workers to be held if your application is successful.

    ", + "

    You will have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.

    ", + "

    Workers: union loses support

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for a secret ballot on derecognition if you believe the union no longer has the support of the bargaining unit.

    ", + "

    You can only apply if both of these are true:

    ", + "
  • the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years
    • ", + "
  • there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years
    • ", + "

    Provide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:

    ", + "
  • at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised
    • ", + "
  • a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition
    • ", + "

    Send the completed form and your evidence to both the union and the CAC.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    CAC has 10 working days to consider your application.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs information to support your application, eg evidence of levels of union support.

    ", + "

    Your application will either be:

    ", + "
  • rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days
    • ", + "

    Taking part in negotiations

    ", + "

    CAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.

    ", + "

    The outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised
    • ", + "
  • no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot
    • ", + "

    Workers: derecognise a non-independent union

    ", + "

    An employee or group of workers can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to derecognise a non-independent union that the employer recognised voluntarily.

    ", + "

    A non-independent union represents employees but has not been given a certificate of independence by the Certification Officer. You can check this on the Certification Officer\u2019s website.

    ", + "

    You can apply any time after the union has been recognised by the employer.

    ", + "

    Apply for a secret ballot

    ", + "

    Apply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to find out if they want the union derecognsied.

    ", + "

    The form must be completed and signed by an employee in the bargaining unit.

    ", + "

    Provide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:

    ", + "
  • at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised
    • ", + "
  • a majority of employees in the bargaining are likely to favour an end to the bargaining arrangements
    • ", + "

    Send the completed form plus your documents to CAC. Send a signed copy of the form and evidence to the union and your employer.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    CAC has 10 working days to consider your application.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.

    ", + "

    Your application will either be:

    ", + "
  • rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days
    • ", + "

    Taking part in negotiations

    ", + "

    CAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.

    ", + "

    The outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised
    • ", + "
  • no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot
    • ", + "

    Holding a derecognition ballot

    ", + "

    When employers, workers and the union have tried to reach agreement about derecognition but failed, the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will hold a secret ballot.

    ", + "

    CAC will write to everyone involved, saying that they intend to hold a ballot to allow workers in the bargaining unit to vote on derecognition.

    ", + "

    How the ballot works

    ", + "

    CAC will appoint a qualified independent person (QIP) who will aim to conduct the ballot within 20 working days of their appointment. The CAC may extend this period if necessary.

    ", + "

    The QIP will provide an estimate for the cost of running the ballot. The arrangements for the ballot will be decided by the CAC after consulting the employer and the union.

    ", + "

    The final cost of the ballot will be split equally between the employer and the union.

    ", + "

    The employer and the union must follow the Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition.

    ", + "

    Complain when someone doesn\u2019t co-operate

    ", + "

    Complain to CAC any time before the ballot is held if you feel someone isn\u2019t co-operating.

    ", + "

    The union can complain to the CAC if the employer is not fulfilling their duties during the ballot.

    ", + "

    CAC will investigate and can issue a \u2018remedial order\u2019 demanding that all duties are carried out properly.

    ", + "

    If that order is ignored CAC can cancel the ballot or declare that the union be derecognised.

    ", + "

    Complain about unfair practices

    ", + "

    Complain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if you feel that another party is using unfair practices to influence the ballot, eg bribery or threats.

    ", + "

    To make a complaint fill in the unfair practices application form and send it to CAC. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Complaints can be made at any time up to the end of day after the ballot closes.

    ", + "

    Where CAC finds that unfair practices were used they may:

    ", + "
  • reschedule the ballot
    • ", + "
  • cancel the ballot and declare that the union is derecognised
    • ", + "
  • cancel the ballot and refuse the application for derecognition
    • ", + "

    The Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition has more information.

    ", + "

    After the ballot

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually find out the result of the vote 48 hours after the ballot closes.

    ", + "

    For a union to be derecognised the majority of those voting, and at least 40% of the workers in the bargaining unit, must vote in favour of ending the bargaining arrangements.

    ", + "

    The Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will declare the union as derecognised or will refuse the application for derecognition.

    ", + "

    Paying for the ballot

    ", + "

    The employer and the union will each receive a demand from the qualified independent person (QIP) for their share of the cost of running the ballot.

    ", + "

    This must be paid in 15 days. If either party wishes to dispute the amount they can appeal to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    What you must do

    ", + "

    As an employer, you no longer have to work with a union that\u2019s been derecognised.

    ", + "

    You must continue to work with a union if the CAC have refused the application for derecognition. You cannot reapply for the union to be derecognised for 3 years.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/trade-union-recognition-employers": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trade-union-recognition-employers", + "title": "Employers: recognise a trade union", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAs an employer you may need to work with trade unions that represent groups of your employees, sometimes known as bargaining units.\n\nTrade unions will negotiate with you on working conditions, for example pay and holiday. You need to recognise the trade union before they can negotiate with you.\n\n## How a trade union gets recognition\n\n- The union must ask you to recognise them voluntarily - if you agree to the request then the union is recognised.\n\n- If you do not want to recognise the union and have more than 21 employees, they can apply for statutory recognition from the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC).\n\n## When the union requests recognition\n\nThe union must ask you - the employer - in writing if you\u2019ll agree to recognise them voluntarily.\n\nThe written request must:\n\n- give the name of the union\n\n- identify which employees will be represented by the union when it\u2019s recognised, sometimes known as the bargaining unit\n\n- state that the union is making the request under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\n## Respond to the request\n\nYou have 10 working days to respond to the request.\n\nYou can:\n\n- agree to recognise the union voluntarily - and begin collective bargaining\n\n- reject the request - the union may then apply for statutory recognition\n\n- refuse the initial request but agree to negotiate\n\n## Negotiate with the union\n\nYou have 20 working days, or longer if you agree this with the union, to come to an agreement about:\n\n- which employees are in the bargaining unit\n\n- whether the union should be recognised for collective bargaining\n\nYou have 10 days to suggest that the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) are brought in to assist with the negotiations.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf you cannot agree, or you\u2019ve agreed the bargaining unit but not recognised the union, the union can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for statutory recognition.\n\n## When the union applies for statutory recognition\n\nThe union can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for \u2018statutory recognition\u2019 if you do not agree to recognise them voluntarily.\n\nCAC will accept the trade union\u2019s application for recognition if it meets the requirements, unless you challenge the application.\n\n## Providing information to the CAC\n\nYou may be asked for information by the CAC case manager who is handling the union\u2019s application, for example, how many employees are in the bargaining unit. CAC will still consider the application if you do not provide the information.\n\n## Challenge an application\n\nYou can challenge the application if you think it does not meet the requirements.\n\n## Application requirements\n\nThe union can apply if:\n\n- they\u2019ve sent you a copy of their application and any supporting documents\n\n- they have at least 10% union membership within the proposed bargaining unit\n\n- they have evidence that a majority of employees are in favour of recognition - for example, a petition\n\nThey cannot apply if:\n\n- they\u2019ve applied for recognition in the last 3 years\n\n- they are not a certified independent union\n\n- there\u2019s already a recognition agreement that allows another union to represent employees in the bargaining unit\n\n- another union - representing 10% of the employees in the proposed bargaining unit - has already applied to CAC\n\n## How to complain\n\nCAC will send you a form so you can challenge the application if you think that the union has not met one or more of the requirements.\n\nYou have 5 working days to send it to CAC - the address is on the form.\n\nYou\u2019ll hear from CAC within 10 working days. They may:\n\n- ask for more information so they can make a decision\n\n- reject the application if the union has not met the requirements\n\n- accept the union\u2019s application\n\n## When the CAC accepts a union\u2019s application\n\nYou\u2019ll need to start discussions about which employees the union will represent, sometimes known as the bargaining unit.\n\n## Establishing the bargaining unit\n\nThe \u2018bargaining unit\u2019 is the group of employees that will be represented by the union.\n\nYou can agree who is in this unit with the union as part of your negotiations. If you do not, the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will decide.\n\n## Providing information to the union and the CAC\n\nIf CAC accepts the union\u2019s application for statutory recognition and you have not agreed on the bargaining unit with them, you must send CAC and the union:\n\n- a list of the categories of employees who will be in the proposed bargaining unit, for example, technical and skilled but not managers\n\n- a list of the places where they work\n\n- the number of employees in each category at each workplace\n\nYou have 5 working days to send this from the date the application is accepted.\n\n## How the CAC decides on the bargaining unit\n\nCAC will hold a hearing and decide the bargaining unit based on:\n\n- your views and those of the union\n\n- compatibility with effective management of your company\n\n- existing national and bargaining arrangements\n\n## Work with a \u2018suitable independent person\u2019 (SIP)\n\nWhen the bargaining unit has been agreed the union may ask CAC to appoint a SIP to communicate with employees in the bargaining unit. If this happens, you must give the SIP the names and addresses of:\n\n- employees in the proposed bargaining unit\n\n- any employees who join or leave the bargaining unit\n\nIf you do not provide this information, you\u2019ll get a \u2018remedial order\u2019 from CAC. You must do what the order says or CAC could declare that you must recognise the union.\n\n## When the bargaining unit has been agreed or decided\n\nCAC will decide if there needs to be a ballot of employees.\n\n## Ballot on union recognition\n\nYour employees will be balloted about whether they want the union to be recognised if the majority of employees in the bargaining unit are not members of the union.\n\nThe Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) may hold a ballot even if the majority of your employees are union members but they believe any of the following:\n\n- it\u2019ll help maintain good relations between you and your employees\n\n- there\u2019s evidence that a significant number of union members in the bargaining unit do not want the union to represent them\n\n- there are concerns about why some members joined the union, for example, they were pressured\n\nCAC will ask for your views and the union\u2019s on these issues.\n\n## Before the ballot\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you whether there\u2019ll be a ballot. A ballot can be held at the workplace, by post or both. CAC will ask for your views and the union\u2019s before they decide what kind of ballot to hold.\n\nThe union has 10 days to withdraw its application. If it does not, CAC will appoint a qualified independent person (QIP) to run the ballot.\n\nThe ballot will usually be held within 20 working days of the QIP being appointed.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nThe cost of the ballot is split equally between you and the union.\n\nYou must:\n\n- make sure the union can talk to employees in the bargaining unit - for example, allow them to hold meetings without you\n\n- give CAC a list of names and addresses of employees in the bargaining unit - and update it when people join or leave\n\n- not ask employees to miss meetings, unless it\u2019s absolutely necessary\n\n- not threaten or take any action against a worker because they attended a meeting\n\nThe union can complain to CAC if they think you have not co-operated.\n\n## After the ballot\n\nYou\u2019ll usually find out the result of the vote 48 hours after the ballot closes.\n\nCAC will declare the union is recognised if both:\n\n- the majority of employees in the ballot vote to recognise the union\n\n- at least 40% of the employees in the bargaining unit vote to recognise the union\n\n## If CAC declares the union is recognised\n\nYou must work with the union and work out how to collectively bargain on:\n\n- pay\n\n- hours\n\n- holiday entitlement\n\n## If CAC does not declare the union is recognised\n\nThe union will not be able to apply for statutory recognition for 3 years, but you can still recognise them voluntarily.\n\n## Complaints about and from the union\n\nYou can complain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if the union tries to influence the outcome of a ballot using \u2018unfair practices\u2019, for example, by trying to pressurise employees.\n\nThe Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition has more information.\n\nMake your complaint in writing to CAC. You can complain at any time until the day after the ballot closes.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC may:\n\n- restart the ballot process\n\n- give the union a final warning, sometimes called a \u2018remedial order\u2019\n\nIf the union does not do what the order tells it to do, CAC can cancel the ballot and declare the union is not recognised\n\n## If the union complains\n\nThe union can complain if you:\n\n- do not co-operate with preparations for the ballot\n\n- use unfair practices to change the outcome of the ballot\n\nCAC may give you a final warning if the union\u2019s complaint is successful, sometimes called a \u2018remedial order\u2019.\n\nCAC can also:\n\n- restart the ballot process\n\n- cancel the ballot and declare the union is recognised\n\n## Ending negotiations\n\nYou and the union will not need to continue negotiations if the union withdraws its application. They must do this before the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) either :\n\n- declares them recognised or not recognised\n\n- tells you that they\u2019re holding a ballot of your employees\n\n## You\u2019re recognising the union voluntarily\n\nIf the union is withdrawing its application because you\u2019ve agreed to recognise them, you and the union can tell CAC by sending a \u2018joint notice to cease consideration\u2019. This means CAC will no longer be involved.\n\nSend CAC a letter signed by both you and the representative of the union.\n\nYou must do this before CAC declares the union is recognised or up to the last day of the ballot notification period (10 working days from when CAC told you about the ballot).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As an employer you may need to work with trade unions that represent groups of your employees, sometimes known as bargaining units.

    ", + "

    Trade unions will negotiate with you on working conditions, for example pay and holiday. You need to recognise the trade union before they can negotiate with you.

    ", + "

    How a trade union gets recognition

    ", + "
  • The union must ask you to recognise them voluntarily - if you agree to the request then the union is recognised.
    • ", + "
  • If you do not want to recognise the union and have more than 21 employees, they can apply for statutory recognition from the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC).
    • ", + "

    When the union requests recognition

    ", + "

    The union must ask you - the employer - in writing if you\u2019ll agree to recognise them voluntarily.

    ", + "

    The written request must:

    ", + "
  • give the name of the union
    • ", + "
  • identify which employees will be represented by the union when it\u2019s recognised, sometimes known as the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • state that the union is making the request under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
    • ", + "

    Respond to the request

    ", + "

    You have 10 working days to respond to the request.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • agree to recognise the union voluntarily - and begin collective bargaining
    • ", + "
  • reject the request - the union may then apply for statutory recognition
    • ", + "
  • refuse the initial request but agree to negotiate
    • ", + "

    Negotiate with the union

    ", + "

    You have 20 working days, or longer if you agree this with the union, to come to an agreement about:

    ", + "
  • which employees are in the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • whether the union should be recognised for collective bargaining
    • ", + "

    You have 10 days to suggest that the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) are brought in to assist with the negotiations.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree, or you\u2019ve agreed the bargaining unit but not recognised the union, the union can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for statutory recognition.

    ", + "

    When the union applies for statutory recognition

    ", + "

    The union can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for \u2018statutory recognition\u2019 if you do not agree to recognise them voluntarily.

    ", + "

    CAC will accept the trade union\u2019s application for recognition if it meets the requirements, unless you challenge the application.

    ", + "

    Providing information to the CAC

    ", + "

    You may be asked for information by the CAC case manager who is handling the union\u2019s application, for example, how many employees are in the bargaining unit. CAC will still consider the application if you do not provide the information.

    ", + "

    Challenge an application

    ", + "

    You can challenge the application if you think it does not meet the requirements.

    ", + "

    Application requirements

    ", + "

    The union can apply if:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve sent you a copy of their application and any supporting documents
    • ", + "
  • they have at least 10% union membership within the proposed bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • they have evidence that a majority of employees are in favour of recognition - for example, a petition
    • ", + "

    They cannot apply if:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve applied for recognition in the last 3 years
    • ", + "
  • they are not a certified independent union
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s already a recognition agreement that allows another union to represent employees in the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • another union - representing 10% of the employees in the proposed bargaining unit - has already applied to CAC
    • ", + "

    How to complain

    ", + "

    CAC will send you a form so you can challenge the application if you think that the union has not met one or more of the requirements.

    ", + "

    You have 5 working days to send it to CAC - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll hear from CAC within 10 working days. They may:

    ", + "
  • ask for more information so they can make a decision
    • ", + "
  • reject the application if the union has not met the requirements
    • ", + "
  • accept the union\u2019s application
    • ", + "

    When the CAC accepts a union\u2019s application

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to start discussions about which employees the union will represent, sometimes known as the bargaining unit.

    ", + "

    Establishing the bargaining unit

    ", + "

    The \u2018bargaining unit\u2019 is the group of employees that will be represented by the union.

    ", + "

    You can agree who is in this unit with the union as part of your negotiations. If you do not, the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will decide.

    ", + "

    Providing information to the union and the CAC

    ", + "

    If CAC accepts the union\u2019s application for statutory recognition and you have not agreed on the bargaining unit with them, you must send CAC and the union:

    ", + "
  • a list of the categories of employees who will be in the proposed bargaining unit, for example, technical and skilled but not managers
    • ", + "
  • a list of the places where they work
    • ", + "
  • the number of employees in each category at each workplace
    • ", + "

    You have 5 working days to send this from the date the application is accepted.

    ", + "

    How the CAC decides on the bargaining unit

    ", + "

    CAC will hold a hearing and decide the bargaining unit based on:

    ", + "
  • your views and those of the union
    • ", + "
  • compatibility with effective management of your company
    • ", + "
  • existing national and bargaining arrangements
    • ", + "

    Work with a \u2018suitable independent person\u2019 (SIP)

    ", + "

    When the bargaining unit has been agreed the union may ask CAC to appoint a SIP to communicate with employees in the bargaining unit. If this happens, you must give the SIP the names and addresses of:

    ", + "
  • employees in the proposed bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • any employees who join or leave the bargaining unit
    • ", + "

    If you do not provide this information, you\u2019ll get a \u2018remedial order\u2019 from CAC. You must do what the order says or CAC could declare that you must recognise the union.

    ", + "

    When the bargaining unit has been agreed or decided

    ", + "

    CAC will decide if there needs to be a ballot of employees.

    ", + "

    Ballot on union recognition

    ", + "

    Your employees will be balloted about whether they want the union to be recognised if the majority of employees in the bargaining unit are not members of the union.

    ", + "

    The Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) may hold a ballot even if the majority of your employees are union members but they believe any of the following:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019ll help maintain good relations between you and your employees
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s evidence that a significant number of union members in the bargaining unit do not want the union to represent them
    • ", + "
  • there are concerns about why some members joined the union, for example, they were pressured
    • ", + "

    CAC will ask for your views and the union\u2019s on these issues.

    ", + "

    Before the ballot

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you whether there\u2019ll be a ballot. A ballot can be held at the workplace, by post or both. CAC will ask for your views and the union\u2019s before they decide what kind of ballot to hold.

    ", + "

    The union has 10 days to withdraw its application. If it does not, CAC will appoint a qualified independent person (QIP) to run the ballot.

    ", + "

    The ballot will usually be held within 20 working days of the QIP being appointed.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    The cost of the ballot is split equally between you and the union.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • make sure the union can talk to employees in the bargaining unit - for example, allow them to hold meetings without you
    • ", + "
  • give CAC a list of names and addresses of employees in the bargaining unit - and update it when people join or leave
    • ", + "
  • not ask employees to miss meetings, unless it\u2019s absolutely necessary
    • ", + "
  • not threaten or take any action against a worker because they attended a meeting
    • ", + "

    The union can complain to CAC if they think you have not co-operated.

    ", + "

    After the ballot

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually find out the result of the vote 48 hours after the ballot closes.

    ", + "

    CAC will declare the union is recognised if both:

    ", + "
  • the majority of employees in the ballot vote to recognise the union
    • ", + "
  • at least 40% of the employees in the bargaining unit vote to recognise the union
    • ", + "

    If CAC declares the union is recognised

    ", + "

    You must work with the union and work out how to collectively bargain on:

    ", + "
  • pay
    • ", + "
  • hours
    • ", + "
  • holiday entitlement
    • ", + "

    If CAC does not declare the union is recognised

    ", + "

    The union will not be able to apply for statutory recognition for 3 years, but you can still recognise them voluntarily.

    ", + "

    Complaints about and from the union

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if the union tries to influence the outcome of a ballot using \u2018unfair practices\u2019, for example, by trying to pressurise employees.

    ", + "

    The Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition has more information.

    ", + "

    Make your complaint in writing to CAC. You can complain at any time until the day after the ballot closes.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    CAC may:

    ", + "
  • restart the ballot process
    • ", + "
  • give the union a final warning, sometimes called a \u2018remedial order\u2019
    • ", + "

    If the union does not do what the order tells it to do, CAC can cancel the ballot and declare the union is not recognised

    ", + "

    If the union complains

    ", + "

    The union can complain if you:

    ", + "
  • do not co-operate with preparations for the ballot
    • ", + "
  • use unfair practices to change the outcome of the ballot
    • ", + "

    CAC may give you a final warning if the union\u2019s complaint is successful, sometimes called a \u2018remedial order\u2019.

    ", + "

    CAC can also:

    ", + "
  • restart the ballot process
    • ", + "
  • cancel the ballot and declare the union is recognised
    • ", + "

    Ending negotiations

    ", + "

    You and the union will not need to continue negotiations if the union withdraws its application. They must do this before the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) either :

    ", + "
  • declares them recognised or not recognised
    • ", + "
  • tells you that they\u2019re holding a ballot of your employees
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re recognising the union voluntarily

    ", + "

    If the union is withdrawing its application because you\u2019ve agreed to recognise them, you and the union can tell CAC by sending a \u2018joint notice to cease consideration\u2019. This means CAC will no longer be involved.

    ", + "

    Send CAC a letter signed by both you and the representative of the union.

    ", + "

    You must do this before CAC declares the union is recognised or up to the last day of the ballot notification period (10 working days from when CAC told you about the ballot).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/if-your-business-faces-industrial-action": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/if-your-business-faces-industrial-action", + "title": "If your business faces industrial action", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf there\u2019s a workplace dispute at your business, you should try to resolve it informally or through an impartial third party (arbitration).\n\nGet advice on handling disputes and conflict in the workplace on the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) website.\n\nYou could work with a trade union to solve a dispute as well as with non-union employee representatives.\n\nIf you cannot resolve a dispute, workers in a recognised trade union may consider taking industrial action.\n\nA trade union can only call for industrial action if:\n\n- the dispute cannot be solved by informal negotiations or arbitration\n\n- a majority of the members involved support it through a postal ballot (before organising one, the union has to decide which members it wants to ask to take industrial action)\n\nTypes of industrial action might include a strike or action short of a strike, for example not working overtime.\n\nIf workers go on strike, you do not have to pay them for the hours lost.\n\n## Using agency workers to cover during a strike\n\nAgencies are not allowed to supply workers specifically to cover work that is not being done during lawful industrial action.\n\nAgency workers already in place as part of your normal business can carry on as usual.\n\n## Dismissing workers who take industrial action\n\nAs an employer, you may face unfair dismissal claims if you dismiss:\n\n- employees within the first 12 weeks of lawful industrial action for taking part\n\n- some workers for taking part in the action, but not others\n\n- all employees but re-hire only some of them\n\nSome employees might have protection from unfair dismissal for more than 12 weeks.\n\n## Lawful industrial action\n\nTrade unions only have statutory immunity if the industrial action is lawful. Statutory immunity means that trade unions and their members are protected from legal action in civil law.\n\nThere\u2019s no legal immunity in criminal law for strikers or organisers who break the law - for example, by intentionally damaging property or trespassing.\n\n## When industrial action is lawful\n\nThere must be:\n\n- a trade dispute (a dispute between you and your workers about employment-related issues)\n\n- a properly-conducted industrial action ballot\n\n- a written notice of industrial action sent to you\n\nThe industrial action must not:\n\n- be secondary action - for example, action taken by workers whose employer is not involved in the trade dispute\n\n- be in support of an employee dismissed for taking unofficial industrial action\n\n- promote closed-shop practices (such as when employers agree to employ only union members) or enforce trade union membership against non-union firms\n\n- involve unlawful picketing\n\n## When civil proceedings can take place\n\nIf the union or individuals do not follow these conditions, they do not have statutory immunity. This means that you and anyone else affected by the industrial action can take civil proceedings in the courts as long as all the following apply:\n\n- an unlawful, unprotected act has happened or been threatened\n\n- the action breaks a contract that you\u2019re a party to\n\n- you\u2019ve suffered, or are likely to suffer, loss as a result\n\n## Strike pay and working records\n\nYou can ask your employees if they\u2019re planning to strike, so that you can tell what effect the strike will have - but they do not have to tell you their plans.\n\n## Deducting pay\n\nYou do not have to pay employees who are on strike.\n\nIf workers take action short of a strike, and refuse to carry out part of their contractual work, this is called \u2018partial performance\u2019. If you refuse to accept partial performance, you must tell employees that:\n\n- they should only attend work if they fulfil their contractual duties\n\n- if they do not fulfil the terms of their employment contract, you do not have to pay them\n\nIf you do accept partial performance, you must still pay employees for any work that they have done.\n\n## How much pay to deduct during a strike\n\nYou should only deduct the amount that the employee would have earned during the strike. How you work this out may depend on how they are paid (for example, hourly, weekly or monthly) and on the terms of their employment contract.\n\nYou cannot deduct an employee\u2019s pay if they were not supposed to be working on the day of the strike.\n\n## Effect on continuous employment and length of service\n\nIf employees return to work after the strike, their continuous employment is not affected - they continue to be employed by you. This means that the terms and conditions of their employment contracts still apply during and after the strike.\n\nHowever, days when they were on strike do not count towards their total length of service - this may be important for working out things like statutory redundancy pay or pensions.\n\n## Picketing during strikes\n\nDuring the strike, workers and union reps may stand outside the place of work to explain why they\u2019re striking and try to persuade others to join the strike. This is called picketing. It\u2019s only lawful if it\u2019s:\n\n- carried out near or at the strikers\u2019 usual place of work (unless they are mobile workers)\n\n- done peacefully, without abusive or threatening behaviour\n\n- not breaking any criminal laws - for example, damaging property or obstructing roads\n\nYou may be able to take legal action if picketing is unlawful.\n\n## Non-union employees and strikes\n\nYou can ask non-union employees to cover work during a strike, as long as:\n\n- this is allowed by their employment contracts\n\n- you do not discriminate against any employee directly or indirectly\n\n## Non-union staff and striking\n\nIf non-union members go on strike, they are protected from dismissal and have the same rights as union members, as long as the industrial action is lawful.\n\n## Agency staff\n\nYou cannot hire agency staff to provide temporary work cover during a strike.\n\nAgency staff who are already in place as part of normal business can carry on as usual.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a workplace dispute at your business, you should try to resolve it informally or through an impartial third party (arbitration).

    ", + "

    Get advice on handling disputes and conflict in the workplace on the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) website.

    ", + "

    You could work with a trade union to solve a dispute as well as with non-union employee representatives.

    ", + "

    If you cannot resolve a dispute, workers in a recognised trade union may consider taking industrial action.

    ", + "

    A trade union can only call for industrial action if:

    ", + "
  • the dispute cannot be solved by informal negotiations or arbitration
    • ", + "
  • a majority of the members involved support it through a postal ballot (before organising one, the union has to decide which members it wants to ask to take industrial action)
    • ", + "

    Types of industrial action might include a strike or action short of a strike, for example not working overtime.

    ", + "

    If workers go on strike, you do not have to pay them for the hours lost.

    ", + "

    Using agency workers to cover during a strike

    ", + "

    Agencies are not allowed to supply workers specifically to cover work that is not being done during lawful industrial action.

    ", + "

    Agency workers already in place as part of your normal business can carry on as usual.

    ", + "

    Dismissing workers who take industrial action

    ", + "

    As an employer, you may face unfair dismissal claims if you dismiss:

    ", + "
  • employees within the first 12 weeks of lawful industrial action for taking part
    • ", + "
  • some workers for taking part in the action, but not others
    • ", + "
  • all employees but re-hire only some of them
    • ", + "

    Some employees might have protection from unfair dismissal for more than 12 weeks.

    ", + "

    Lawful industrial action

    ", + "

    Trade unions only have statutory immunity if the industrial action is lawful. Statutory immunity means that trade unions and their members are protected from legal action in civil law.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no legal immunity in criminal law for strikers or organisers who break the law - for example, by intentionally damaging property or trespassing.

    ", + "

    When industrial action is lawful

    ", + "

    There must be:

    ", + "
  • a trade dispute (a dispute between you and your workers about employment-related issues)
    • ", + "
  • a properly-conducted industrial action ballot
    • ", + "
  • a written notice of industrial action sent to you
    • ", + "

    The industrial action must not:

    ", + "
  • be secondary action - for example, action taken by workers whose employer is not involved in the trade dispute
    • ", + "
  • be in support of an employee dismissed for taking unofficial industrial action
    • ", + "
  • promote closed-shop practices (such as when employers agree to employ only union members) or enforce trade union membership against non-union firms
    • ", + "
  • involve unlawful picketing
    • ", + "

    When civil proceedings can take place

    ", + "

    If the union or individuals do not follow these conditions, they do not have statutory immunity. This means that you and anyone else affected by the industrial action can take civil proceedings in the courts as long as all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • an unlawful, unprotected act has happened or been threatened
    • ", + "
  • the action breaks a contract that you\u2019re a party to
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve suffered, or are likely to suffer, loss as a result
    • ", + "

    Strike pay and working records

    ", + "

    You can ask your employees if they\u2019re planning to strike, so that you can tell what effect the strike will have - but they do not have to tell you their plans.

    ", + "

    Deducting pay

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay employees who are on strike.

    ", + "

    If workers take action short of a strike, and refuse to carry out part of their contractual work, this is called \u2018partial performance\u2019. If you refuse to accept partial performance, you must tell employees that:

    ", + "
  • they should only attend work if they fulfil their contractual duties
    • ", + "
  • if they do not fulfil the terms of their employment contract, you do not have to pay them
    • ", + "

    If you do accept partial performance, you must still pay employees for any work that they have done.

    ", + "

    How much pay to deduct during a strike

    ", + "

    You should only deduct the amount that the employee would have earned during the strike. How you work this out may depend on how they are paid (for example, hourly, weekly or monthly) and on the terms of their employment contract.

    ", + "

    You cannot deduct an employee\u2019s pay if they were not supposed to be working on the day of the strike.

    ", + "

    Effect on continuous employment and length of service

    ", + "

    If employees return to work after the strike, their continuous employment is not affected - they continue to be employed by you. This means that the terms and conditions of their employment contracts still apply during and after the strike.

    ", + "

    However, days when they were on strike do not count towards their total length of service - this may be important for working out things like statutory redundancy pay or pensions.

    ", + "

    Picketing during strikes

    ", + "

    During the strike, workers and union reps may stand outside the place of work to explain why they\u2019re striking and try to persuade others to join the strike. This is called picketing. It\u2019s only lawful if it\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • carried out near or at the strikers\u2019 usual place of work (unless they are mobile workers)
    • ", + "
  • done peacefully, without abusive or threatening behaviour
    • ", + "
  • not breaking any criminal laws - for example, damaging property or obstructing roads
    • ", + "

    You may be able to take legal action if picketing is unlawful.

    ", + "

    Non-union employees and strikes

    ", + "

    You can ask non-union employees to cover work during a strike, as long as:

    ", + "
  • this is allowed by their employment contracts
    • ", + "
  • you do not discriminate against any employee directly or indirectly
    • ", + "

    Non-union staff and striking

    ", + "

    If non-union members go on strike, they are protected from dismissal and have the same rights as union members, as long as the industrial action is lawful.

    ", + "

    Agency staff

    ", + "

    You cannot hire agency staff to provide temporary work cover during a strike.

    ", + "

    Agency staff who are already in place as part of normal business can carry on as usual.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/working-with-trade-unions": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-with-trade-unions", + "title": "Working with trade unions: employers", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you recognise a union in your workplace there are certain rules you need to follow.\n\nYou must:\n\n- give the union information in advance to help with collective bargaining\n\n- inform and consult the union about major changes in the workplace\n\n- follow proper procedures if you\u2019re taking union subscriptions straight from your employees\u2019 pay (the \u2018check off\u2019)\n\n- let union reps and members have time off for union activities\n\n- not discriminate against a worker because they\u2019re in the union\n\n## Collective bargaining\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work with unions to discuss changes to your employees\u2019 terms and conditions. This is called \u2018collective bargaining\u2019.\n\nCollective bargaining covers the terms and conditions of workers in a defined \u2018bargaining unit\u2019. This can include all employees in a workplace or just certain groups of workers, eg technicians.\n\nIt\u2019s up to you and the union to agree which terms and conditions are covered but it\u2019s usually things like pay, holiday, working hours etc.\n\n## Running collective bargaining\n\nEmployers and unions need to work out how to run collective bargaining, eg:\n\n- who\u2019ll represent the workers\n\n- who\u2019s included in a bargaining unit\n\n- when and how often meetings will happen\n\n- what to do if more than one union is recognised\n\n- what will be discussed\n\n- what to do if the union and employer cannot come to an agreement\n\n## Information to help with collective bargaining\n\nEmployers must give certain information to the union to help it with the bargaining process, eg the company\u2019s pay and benefits structure or information about its profits, assets and liabilities.\n\n## Collective agreements\n\nIf collective bargaining leads to an agreement, for example about a pay increase or change in working conditions, it\u2019s called a \u2018collective agreement\u2019.\n\n## Informing and consulting with unions\n\nEmployers must inform and consult with a recognised trade union about:\n\n- collective redundancies\n\n- transfers of business ownership\n\n- certain changes to pension schemes\n\n- health and safety\n\nIf you fail to consult the union about any of these, you\u2019ll be breaking the law and could be fined - the amount depends on the situation.\n\nThere\u2019s more information on the pension scheme changes you have to consult about in the guidance below.\n\nYou can also make voluntary agreements with unions to regularly inform and consult them about other business and workplace issues.\n\nAcas has detailed guidance about informing and consulting employees.\n\n## Union subscriptions\n\nSome trade union members pay their union subscriptions directly out of their wages.\n\nThe employer then gives these payments to the union.\n\nThis is often called the \u2018check-off\u2019.\n\nIt\u2019s up to you if you want to run the check-off. A union cannot force you to run the check-off unless you\u2019ve agreed to it in your workers\u2019 employment contracts.\n\n## Authorising the check-off\n\nA worker must give you written permission to take their union subscriptions from their wages.\n\nThis must be signed and dated. Their permission starts from this date and continues until they say otherwise.\n\nIf you take the check-off without proper permission you could be taken to an employment tribunal.\n\nYou can pre-print consent forms as long as the worker signs and dates the form themselves. Unions are also allowed to get the written consent from the worker then forward it to you.\n\n## Stopping the check-off\n\nYou must stop taking check-off payments if your employee asks you to.\n\nThey must give you written notice to stop the check-off and you must be given reasonable time to stop it.\n\nYou can stop running the check-off at any time. If it\u2019s in your workers\u2019 employment contracts, you may have to give them notice.\n\n## The role of the union in the check-off\n\nThe union does not have to help run the check-off. However, you can involve it if you want to. You could, for example, ask the union to help you get initial consent from its members.\n\nYou could also charge the union for the work involved in administering the check off.\n\nEven if you involve the union in the check-off, it\u2019s still your responsibility to make sure you make check-off deductions properly.\n\n## Rights of employees in trade unions\n\nIf you recognise a union, it will normally name one or more of your workers as its local workplace representatives (\u2018reps\u2019).\n\nUnion reps have certain rights. They\u2019re allowed reasonable time off work:\n\n- with pay for union duties and training at appropriate times\n\n- without pay to take part in union activities, eg the union\u2019s annual conference (trade union members are entitled to this as well)\n\nReasonable time off does not have to be taken as annual leave.\n\n## Block lists\n\nYou cannot discriminate against anyone because they\u2019re in the union or because of their union activity.\n\nWith rare exceptions, it\u2019s also illegal to compile, use, sell or supply a \u2018block list\u2019 of union members that will be used to discriminate against them.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you recognise a union in your workplace there are certain rules you need to follow.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • give the union information in advance to help with collective bargaining
    • ", + "
  • inform and consult the union about major changes in the workplace
    • ", + "
  • follow proper procedures if you\u2019re taking union subscriptions straight from your employees\u2019 pay (the \u2018check off\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • let union reps and members have time off for union activities
    • ", + "
  • not discriminate against a worker because they\u2019re in the union
    • ", + "

    Collective bargaining

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work with unions to discuss changes to your employees\u2019 terms and conditions. This is called \u2018collective bargaining\u2019.

    ", + "

    Collective bargaining covers the terms and conditions of workers in a defined \u2018bargaining unit\u2019. This can include all employees in a workplace or just certain groups of workers, eg technicians.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to you and the union to agree which terms and conditions are covered but it\u2019s usually things like pay, holiday, working hours etc.

    ", + "

    Running collective bargaining

    ", + "

    Employers and unions need to work out how to run collective bargaining, eg:

    ", + "
  • who\u2019ll represent the workers
    • ", + "
  • who\u2019s included in a bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • when and how often meetings will happen
    • ", + "
  • what to do if more than one union is recognised
    • ", + "
  • what will be discussed
    • ", + "
  • what to do if the union and employer cannot come to an agreement
    • ", + "

    Information to help with collective bargaining

    ", + "

    Employers must give certain information to the union to help it with the bargaining process, eg the company\u2019s pay and benefits structure or information about its profits, assets and liabilities.

    ", + "

    Collective agreements

    ", + "

    If collective bargaining leads to an agreement, for example about a pay increase or change in working conditions, it\u2019s called a \u2018collective agreement\u2019.

    ", + "

    Informing and consulting with unions

    ", + "

    Employers must inform and consult with a recognised trade union about:

    ", + "
  • collective redundancies
    • ", + "
  • transfers of business ownership
    • ", + "
  • certain changes to pension schemes
    • ", + "
  • health and safety
    • ", + "

    If you fail to consult the union about any of these, you\u2019ll be breaking the law and could be fined - the amount depends on the situation.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more information on the pension scheme changes you have to consult about in the guidance below.

    ", + "

    You can also make voluntary agreements with unions to regularly inform and consult them about other business and workplace issues.

    ", + "

    Acas has detailed guidance about informing and consulting employees.

    ", + "

    Union subscriptions

    ", + "

    Some trade union members pay their union subscriptions directly out of their wages.

    ", + "

    The employer then gives these payments to the union.

    ", + "

    This is often called the \u2018check-off\u2019.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to you if you want to run the check-off. A union cannot force you to run the check-off unless you\u2019ve agreed to it in your workers\u2019 employment contracts.

    ", + "

    Authorising the check-off

    ", + "

    A worker must give you written permission to take their union subscriptions from their wages.

    ", + "

    This must be signed and dated. Their permission starts from this date and continues until they say otherwise.

    ", + "

    If you take the check-off without proper permission you could be taken to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    You can pre-print consent forms as long as the worker signs and dates the form themselves. Unions are also allowed to get the written consent from the worker then forward it to you.

    ", + "

    Stopping the check-off

    ", + "

    You must stop taking check-off payments if your employee asks you to.

    ", + "

    They must give you written notice to stop the check-off and you must be given reasonable time to stop it.

    ", + "

    You can stop running the check-off at any time. If it\u2019s in your workers\u2019 employment contracts, you may have to give them notice.

    ", + "

    The role of the union in the check-off

    ", + "

    The union does not have to help run the check-off. However, you can involve it if you want to. You could, for example, ask the union to help you get initial consent from its members.

    ", + "

    You could also charge the union for the work involved in administering the check off.

    ", + "

    Even if you involve the union in the check-off, it\u2019s still your responsibility to make sure you make check-off deductions properly.

    ", + "

    Rights of employees in trade unions

    ", + "

    If you recognise a union, it will normally name one or more of your workers as its local workplace representatives (\u2018reps\u2019).

    ", + "

    Union reps have certain rights. They\u2019re allowed reasonable time off work:

    ", + "
  • with pay for union duties and training at appropriate times
    • ", + "
  • without pay to take part in union activities, eg the union\u2019s annual conference (trade union members are entitled to this as well)
    • ", + "

    Reasonable time off does not have to be taken as annual leave.

    ", + "

    Block lists

    ", + "

    You cannot discriminate against anyone because they\u2019re in the union or because of their union activity.

    ", + "

    With rare exceptions, it\u2019s also illegal to compile, use, sell or supply a \u2018block list\u2019 of union members that will be used to discriminate against them.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-if-your-employer-is-insolvent": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-if-your-employer-is-insolvent", + "title": "Your rights if your employer is insolvent", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour employer is insolvent if it cannot pay its debts.\n\nThey might:\n\n- make you redundant\n\n- ask you to keep working\n\n- transfer you to a new employer (if the business has been sold)\n\nThere are different types of insolvency:\n\n- administration\n\n- liquidation\n\n- bankruptcy\n\n- receivership\n\n- company voluntary arrangement\n\n- individual voluntary arrangement\n\n- debt relief order\n\nCheck if your employer is insolvent.\n\nDepending on your situation, you can apply to the government for:\n\n- a redundancy payment\n\n- holiday pay\n\n- outstanding payments like unpaid wages, overtime and commission\n\n- money you would have earned working your notice period (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)\n\nYou may be eligible for unemployment benefits if you lose your job. If you do not apply for benefits after you lose your job, you might get less money in your statutory notice pay payment.\n\n## Your rights\n\nYou have different rights depending on whether your employer:\n\n- makes you redundant (dismisses you)\n\n- asks you to keep working\n\n- transfers you to a new employer (if the business has been sold)\n\nYour employer must have a consultation about why redundancies are happening and if there are any alternatives - they do not have to consult you directly.\n\n## If you\u2019re made redundant\n\nYou\u2019re made redundant if you\u2019re dismissed from your job.\n\nThe person who is dealing with the insolvency (the \u2018insolvency practitioner\u2019 or \u2018official receiver\u2019) must tell you how your job is affected and what to do next.\n\nThey\u2019ll also give you a:\n\n- RP1 fact sheet\n\n- \u2018CN\u2019 (case reference) number to use when you apply for money you\u2019re owed\n\nYou can apply to the government for:\n\n- a redundancy payment\n\n- holiday pay\n\n- outstanding payments like unpaid wages, overtime and commission\n\n- money you would have earned working your notice period (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)\n\nBusinesses can go through more than one insolvency. You cannot claim outstanding payments between the day of the first insolvency and the day you were dismissed, even if you did not know about the previous insolvency.\n\nYou can also apply to the court for compensation if you think you were dismissed unfairly or not consulted properly.\n\n## Compensation because you were dismissed unfairly\n\nYou can make a claim to the employment tribunal if:\n\n- you were dismissed unfairly (\u2018basic award\u2019)\n\n- there was not a consultation about your redundancy (\u2018protective award\u2019)\n\nYou\u2019ll be claiming against the Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy and your former employer (\u2018the respondents\u2019).\n\n## If you continue working after the insolvency\n\nYou might be asked to continue working for your employer after they become insolvent.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be eligible to claim for redundancy pay and other money you\u2019re owed if you\u2019re made redundant at a later date.\n\nYou cannot claim holiday pay, wages, bonuses or commission that you\u2019re owed between the day of the insolvency and the day you were dismissed.\n\n## If you\u2019re transferred to a new employer\n\nYou cannot claim any money from the government if you were transferred before your former employer became insolvent.\n\nIf you were transferred afterwards, you can apply for redundancy pay, statutory notice pay and outstanding payments such holiday pay, wages, commission and bonuses.\n\n## What you can get\n\nWhat money you\u2019re entitled to depends on:\n\n- how long you were employed\n\n- what was in your employment contract\n\n- your age\n\nPayments are capped.\n\n## Redundancy pay\n\nYou\u2019re normally entitled to redundancy pay if you:\n\n- have been made redundant\n\n- were an employee\n\n- were continuously employed by the insolvent business for 2 years or more\n\nYou\u2019ll get:\n\n- half a week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and under 22 years old\n\n- one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and between 22 and 40 years old\n\n- one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and 41 or older\n\nRedundancy payments are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).\n\nYou can get a payment for a maximum of 20 years that you were employed at the business.\n\nCalculate your redundancy pay.\n\n## Wages and other money you\u2019re owed\n\nYou can apply for unpaid wages and other money you\u2019re owed by your employer, for example bonuses, overtime and commission.\n\nYou\u2019re only entitled to money that\u2019s in your employment contract.\n\nYou\u2019ll get up to 8 weeks of money you\u2019re owed. It counts as a week even if you\u2019re only owed money for a few days.\n\nPayments for wages and other money you\u2019re owed are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).\n\nYou pay income tax and National Insurance when you get unpaid wages and other money you\u2019re owed. You might be able to claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nYou can get paid for:\n\n- holiday days owed that you did not take (\u2018holiday pay accrued\u2019)\n\n- holiday days you took but were not paid for (\u2018holiday pay taken\u2019)\n\nYou\u2019re only paid for holidays you took or accrued in the 12 months before your employer became insolvent.\n\nYou\u2019ll only get payments for up to 6 weeks of holiday days. Holiday pay is capped at \u00a3544 per week (\u00a3538 per week if your employer went insolvent before 6 April 2021).\n\nYou pay income tax and National Insurance on your holiday payment. You might be able to claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much.\n\n## Statutory notice pay\n\nYou\u2019re entitled to a paid notice period when you\u2019re made redundant, even if it is not in your contract.\n\nYou can claim for statutory notice pay if you:\n\n- did not work a notice period\n\n- worked some of your notice period\n\n- worked an unpaid notice period\n\nYour statutory notice pay is worked out as one week\u2019s notice for every year you were employed, up to a maximum of twelve weeks.\n\nPayments are capped at \u00a3544 per week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).\n\n## Pension contributions\n\nContact the insolvency practitioner or official receiver if you\u2019re missing contributions to your pension.\n\n## Apply for money you're owed\n\nYou\u2019re eligible to apply if:\n\n- you were an employee\n\n- you\u2019re a UK or EEA national (or a foreign national with permission to work in the UK)\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible (for example you\u2019re a contractor) register as a creditor instead.\n\n- Apply for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday within 6 months of being dismissed. You request to claim for loss of notice pay (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019) in your application.\n\n- If you requested to claim statutory notice pay, you\u2019ll get sent a letter telling you when you can apply.\n\n## Claiming for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday pay\n\nYou can apply as soon as you\u2019ve been made redundant. The person dealing with the insolvency (the \u2018insolvency practitioner\u2019 or \u2018official receiver\u2019) will give you a \u2018CN\u2019 (case reference) number. You cannot claim without the CN number.\n\nYou must apply for redundancy pay within 6 months of being dismissed.\n\nThe application will ask if you want to apply for statutory notice pay. Choosing \u2018Yes\u2019 does not mean you\u2019ve applied. You\u2019ll be told when to apply.\n\nApply for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday online.\n\n## Claiming for loss of notice pay (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)\n\nYou need an \u2018LN\u2019 reference number to make a claim. It\u2019ll be sent after your notice period would have ended. This is usually no more than 12 weeks after you\u2019re dismissed.\n\nYou must apply for redundancy first - even if you\u2019re not owed any money.\n\nEmployees at the same business can have different notice periods.\n\nOnce you have the LN reference number, claim online for loss of notice.\n\nMoney you get (or could have got) by claiming benefits will be deducted from your payment.\n\n## Help completing the online forms\n\nContact the Redundancy Payments Service if you have queries about completing the online forms. You\u2019ll need your case reference number or National Insurance number.\n\nYou cannot currently call the Redundancy Payments Service.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIt usually takes up to 6 weeks to get your payment but can take longer.\n\nYour information will be checked against the employer\u2019s records, for example how much holiday you had accrued. You\u2019ll only get a payment if the records show you\u2019re owed money.\n\nAny benefits you\u2019re eligible to claim will be deducted from your statutory notice payment (even if you did not claim them).\n\n## If your application is rejected\n\nContact the Redundancy Payments Service - they\u2019ll explain why your claim was rejected.\n\nYou can make a claim to the employment tribunal if you disagree with the decision. You\u2019ll be claiming against the Secretary of State for Business Energy and Industrial Strategy and your former employer (\u2018the respondents\u2019).\n\n## Help and advice\n\nContact the Redundancy Payments Service if you need help. You\u2019ll need your case reference number or National Insurance number.\n\nYou cannot currently call the Redundancy Payments Service.\n\n## Help finding a new job\n\nContact your local Jobcentre Plus and ask for their Rapid Response Service for help finding a new job.\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the service for up to 13 weeks after you\u2019re made redundant. You must have started your notice period to be eligible.\n\nGet help to find a new job, improve your skills and claim benefits.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your employer is insolvent if it cannot pay its debts.

    ", + "

    They might:

    ", + "
  • make you redundant
    • ", + "
  • ask you to keep working
    • ", + "
  • transfer you to a new employer (if the business has been sold)
    • ", + "

    There are different types of insolvency:

    ", + "
  • administration
    • ", + "
  • liquidation
    • ", + "
  • bankruptcy
    • ", + "
  • receivership
    • ", + "
  • company voluntary arrangement
    • ", + "
  • individual voluntary arrangement
    • ", + "
  • debt relief order
    • ", + "

    Check if your employer is insolvent.

    ", + "

    Depending on your situation, you can apply to the government for:

    ", + "
  • a redundancy payment
    • ", + "
  • holiday pay
    • ", + "
  • outstanding payments like unpaid wages, overtime and commission
    • ", + "
  • money you would have earned working your notice period (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You may be eligible for unemployment benefits if you lose your job. If you do not apply for benefits after you lose your job, you might get less money in your statutory notice pay payment.

    ", + "

    Your rights

    ", + "

    You have different rights depending on whether your employer:

    ", + "
  • makes you redundant (dismisses you)
    • ", + "
  • asks you to keep working
    • ", + "
  • transfers you to a new employer (if the business has been sold)
    • ", + "

    Your employer must have a consultation about why redundancies are happening and if there are any alternatives - they do not have to consult you directly.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re made redundant

    ", + "

    You\u2019re made redundant if you\u2019re dismissed from your job.

    ", + "

    The person who is dealing with the insolvency (the \u2018insolvency practitioner\u2019 or \u2018official receiver\u2019) must tell you how your job is affected and what to do next.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also give you a:

    ", + "
  • RP1 fact sheet
    • ", + "
  • \u2018CN\u2019 (case reference) number to use when you apply for money you\u2019re owed
    • ", + "

    You can apply to the government for:

    ", + "
  • a redundancy payment
    • ", + "
  • holiday pay
    • ", + "
  • outstanding payments like unpaid wages, overtime and commission
    • ", + "
  • money you would have earned working your notice period (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Businesses can go through more than one insolvency. You cannot claim outstanding payments between the day of the first insolvency and the day you were dismissed, even if you did not know about the previous insolvency.

    ", + "

    You can also apply to the court for compensation if you think you were dismissed unfairly or not consulted properly.

    ", + "

    Compensation because you were dismissed unfairly

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to the employment tribunal if:

    ", + "
  • you were dismissed unfairly (\u2018basic award\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • there was not a consultation about your redundancy (\u2018protective award\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be claiming against the Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy and your former employer (\u2018the respondents\u2019).

    ", + "

    If you continue working after the insolvency

    ", + "

    You might be asked to continue working for your employer after they become insolvent.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be eligible to claim for redundancy pay and other money you\u2019re owed if you\u2019re made redundant at a later date.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim holiday pay, wages, bonuses or commission that you\u2019re owed between the day of the insolvency and the day you were dismissed.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re transferred to a new employer

    ", + "

    You cannot claim any money from the government if you were transferred before your former employer became insolvent.

    ", + "

    If you were transferred afterwards, you can apply for redundancy pay, statutory notice pay and outstanding payments such holiday pay, wages, commission and bonuses.

    ", + "

    What you can get

    ", + "

    What money you\u2019re entitled to depends on:

    ", + "
  • how long you were employed
    • ", + "
  • what was in your employment contract
    • ", + "
  • your age
    • ", + "

    Payments are capped.

    ", + "

    Redundancy pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019re normally entitled to redundancy pay if you:

    ", + "
  • have been made redundant
    • ", + "
  • were an employee
    • ", + "
  • were continuously employed by the insolvent business for 2 years or more
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • half a week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and under 22 years old
    • ", + "
  • one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and between 22 and 40 years old
    • ", + "
  • one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and 41 or older
    • ", + "

    Redundancy payments are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).

    ", + "

    You can get a payment for a maximum of 20 years that you were employed at the business.

    ", + "

    Calculate your redundancy pay.

    ", + "

    Wages and other money you\u2019re owed

    ", + "

    You can apply for unpaid wages and other money you\u2019re owed by your employer, for example bonuses, overtime and commission.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re only entitled to money that\u2019s in your employment contract.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get up to 8 weeks of money you\u2019re owed. It counts as a week even if you\u2019re only owed money for a few days.

    ", + "

    Payments for wages and other money you\u2019re owed are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).

    ", + "

    You pay income tax and National Insurance when you get unpaid wages and other money you\u2019re owed. You might be able to claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much.

    ", + "

    Holiday pay

    ", + "

    You can get paid for:

    ", + "
  • holiday days owed that you did not take (\u2018holiday pay accrued\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • holiday days you took but were not paid for (\u2018holiday pay taken\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re only paid for holidays you took or accrued in the 12 months before your employer became insolvent.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only get payments for up to 6 weeks of holiday days. Holiday pay is capped at \u00a3544 per week (\u00a3538 per week if your employer went insolvent before 6 April 2021).

    ", + "

    You pay income tax and National Insurance on your holiday payment. You might be able to claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much.

    ", + "

    Statutory notice pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to a paid notice period when you\u2019re made redundant, even if it is not in your contract.

    ", + "

    You can claim for statutory notice pay if you:

    ", + "
  • did not work a notice period
    • ", + "
  • worked some of your notice period
    • ", + "
  • worked an unpaid notice period
    • ", + "

    Your statutory notice pay is worked out as one week\u2019s notice for every year you were employed, up to a maximum of twelve weeks.

    ", + "

    Payments are capped at \u00a3544 per week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).

    ", + "

    Pension contributions

    ", + "

    Contact the insolvency practitioner or official receiver if you\u2019re missing contributions to your pension.

    ", + "

    Apply for money you're owed

    ", + "

    You\u2019re eligible to apply if:

    ", + "
  • you were an employee
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK or EEA national (or a foreign national with permission to work in the UK)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible (for example you\u2019re a contractor) register as a creditor instead.

    ", + "
  • Apply for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday within 6 months of being dismissed. You request to claim for loss of notice pay (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019) in your application.
    • ", + "
  • If you requested to claim statutory notice pay, you\u2019ll get sent a letter telling you when you can apply.
    • ", + "

    Claiming for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday pay

    ", + "

    You can apply as soon as you\u2019ve been made redundant. The person dealing with the insolvency (the \u2018insolvency practitioner\u2019 or \u2018official receiver\u2019) will give you a \u2018CN\u2019 (case reference) number. You cannot claim without the CN number.

    ", + "

    You must apply for redundancy pay within 6 months of being dismissed.

    ", + "

    The application will ask if you want to apply for statutory notice pay. Choosing \u2018Yes\u2019 does not mean you\u2019ve applied. You\u2019ll be told when to apply.

    ", + "

    Apply for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday online.

    ", + "

    Claiming for loss of notice pay (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)

    ", + "

    You need an \u2018LN\u2019 reference number to make a claim. It\u2019ll be sent after your notice period would have ended. This is usually no more than 12 weeks after you\u2019re dismissed.

    ", + "

    You must apply for redundancy first - even if you\u2019re not owed any money.

    ", + "

    Employees at the same business can have different notice periods.

    ", + "

    Once you have the LN reference number, claim online for loss of notice.

    ", + "

    Money you get (or could have got) by claiming benefits will be deducted from your payment.

    ", + "

    Help completing the online forms

    ", + "

    Contact the Redundancy Payments Service if you have queries about completing the online forms. You\u2019ll need your case reference number or National Insurance number.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently call the Redundancy Payments Service.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    It usually takes up to 6 weeks to get your payment but can take longer.

    ", + "

    Your information will be checked against the employer\u2019s records, for example how much holiday you had accrued. You\u2019ll only get a payment if the records show you\u2019re owed money.

    ", + "

    Any benefits you\u2019re eligible to claim will be deducted from your statutory notice payment (even if you did not claim them).

    ", + "

    If your application is rejected

    ", + "

    Contact the Redundancy Payments Service - they\u2019ll explain why your claim was rejected.

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to the employment tribunal if you disagree with the decision. You\u2019ll be claiming against the Secretary of State for Business Energy and Industrial Strategy and your former employer (\u2018the respondents\u2019).

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Contact the Redundancy Payments Service if you need help. You\u2019ll need your case reference number or National Insurance number.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently call the Redundancy Payments Service.

    ", + "

    Help finding a new job

    ", + "

    Contact your local Jobcentre Plus and ask for their Rapid Response Service for help finding a new job.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to use the service for up to 13 weeks after you\u2019re made redundant. You must have started your notice period to be eligible.

    ", + "

    Get help to find a new job, improve your skills and claim benefits.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/check-river-conditions-and-closures": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-river-conditions-and-closures", + "title": "Check river conditions and closures", + "content": "## River levels and warnings\n\n## Check river levels\n\nCheck current river levels in England and Wales.\n\n## Strong stream warnings\n\nThe Environment Agency gives out stream warnings to tell you about conditions that may mean you should not go out in your boat. You may also see red flags at boat clubs.\n\nYou can check the latest strong stream warnings for the River Thames.\n\nChoose option 1 when your call is answered and enter the quick dial code for the area of the River Thames you want to hear about. For other rivers, use one of the following:\n\n- River Nene - 032112\n\n- Great Ouse (Bedford to St Ives) \u2013 033211\n\n- Great Ouse (St Ives to Earith) \u2013 033212\n\n- Ancholme - 031212\n\nYou can also sign up to the strong stream advice messaging system for the Rivers Nene, Great Ouse and Ancholme (it\u2019s free).\n\n## Check tide predictions\n\nYou can read tide predictions for the next 7 days for rivers in England and Wales.\n\nYou can also check:\n\n- live and predicted tides on the tidal Thames\n\n- tide predictions at Rye Harbour\n\n- tide predictions for Allington Lock on the River Medway\n\n## River Thames\n\nYou can check the following for the non-tidal River Thames, which is managed by the Environment Agency:\n\n- current conditions on the River Thames\n\n- river closures and restrictions\n\n- lock closures\n\n- emergency rendezvous points between Teddington and Lechlade\n\nYou can also check current works and closures on the tidal Thames, which is managed by the Port of London Authority.\n\nYou should read the navigation bylaws and registration bylaws before you set out.\n\nYou can also check:\n\n- information about bridges, locks and facilities for boaters\n\n- the River Thames and connecting waterways: cruising guide\n\n- Port of London Authority information about boating on the Thames\n\n## River Medway\n\nYou can check conditions, closures and restrictions on the River Medway (updated during business hours - Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm).\n\nYou can telephone Allington Lock for the latest information outside of business hours.\n\nYou should read the navigation bylaws for the Upper Medway and Southern Region.\n\nYou can also read the user\u2019s guide to River Medway.\n\n## Anglian Waterways\n\nYou can check conditions, closures and restrictions on Anglian Waterways.\n\nYou should read the recreational bylaws before you set out.\n\nYou can also download information about facilities and safety for the following rivers:\n\n- Black Sluice\n\n- River Ancholme\n\n- River Welland and Glen\n\n- River Great Ouse\n\n- River Nene\n\n- River Stour\n\n## Rye Harbour\n\nYou can check conditions, closures and restrictions at Rye Harbour.\n\nYou should also check the Rye Harbour:\n\n- passage, pilot and mooring information for boaters\n\n- map guide\n\n- bylaws\n\n## Scotland, Northern Ireland and other parts of England\n\nYou can check:\n\n- river and canal closure information on Canal & River Trust waterways in England\n\n- canal works and closures on Scottish Canals\n\n- river and canal restrictions and closures on Waterways Ireland", + "original_contents": [ + "

    River levels and warnings

    ", + "

    Check river levels

    ", + "

    Check current river levels in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    Strong stream warnings

    ", + "

    The Environment Agency gives out stream warnings to tell you about conditions that may mean you should not go out in your boat. You may also see red flags at boat clubs.

    ", + "

    You can check the latest strong stream warnings for the River Thames.

    ", + "

    Choose option 1 when your call is answered and enter the quick dial code for the area of the River Thames you want to hear about. For other rivers, use one of the following:

    ", + "
  • River Nene - 032112
    • ", + "
  • Great Ouse (Bedford to St Ives) \u2013 033211
    • ", + "
  • Great Ouse (St Ives to Earith) \u2013 033212
    • ", + "
  • Ancholme - 031212
    • ", + "

    You can also sign up to the strong stream advice messaging system for the Rivers Nene, Great Ouse and Ancholme (it\u2019s free).

    ", + "

    Check tide predictions

    ", + "

    You can read tide predictions for the next 7 days for rivers in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    You can also check:

    ", + "
  • live and predicted tides on the tidal Thames
    • ", + "
  • tide predictions at Rye Harbour
    • ", + "
  • tide predictions for Allington Lock on the River Medway
    • ", + "

    River Thames

    ", + "

    You can check the following for the non-tidal River Thames, which is managed by the Environment Agency:

    ", + "
  • current conditions on the River Thames
    • ", + "
  • river closures and restrictions
    • ", + "
  • lock closures
    • ", + "
  • emergency rendezvous points between Teddington and Lechlade
    • ", + "

    You can also check current works and closures on the tidal Thames, which is managed by the Port of London Authority.

    ", + "

    You should read the navigation bylaws and registration bylaws before you set out.

    ", + "

    You can also check:

    ", + "
  • information about bridges, locks and facilities for boaters
    • ", + "
  • the River Thames and connecting waterways: cruising guide
    • ", + "
  • Port of London Authority information about boating on the Thames
    • ", + "

    River Medway

    ", + "

    You can check conditions, closures and restrictions on the River Medway (updated during business hours - Monday to Friday, 9am to 5pm).

    ", + "

    You can telephone Allington Lock for the latest information outside of business hours.

    ", + "

    You should read the navigation bylaws for the Upper Medway and Southern Region.

    ", + "

    You can also read the user\u2019s guide to River Medway.

    ", + "

    Anglian Waterways

    ", + "

    You can check conditions, closures and restrictions on Anglian Waterways.

    ", + "

    You should read the recreational bylaws before you set out.

    ", + "

    You can also download information about facilities and safety for the following rivers:

    ", + "
  • Black Sluice
    • ", + "
  • River Ancholme
    • ", + "
  • River Welland and Glen
    • ", + "
  • River Great Ouse
    • ", + "
  • River Nene
    • ", + "
  • River Stour
    • ", + "

    Rye Harbour

    ", + "

    You can check conditions, closures and restrictions at Rye Harbour.

    ", + "

    You should also check the Rye Harbour:

    ", + "
  • passage, pilot and mooring information for boaters
    • ", + "
  • map guide
    • ", + "
  • bylaws
    • ", + "

    Scotland, Northern Ireland and other parts of England

    ", + "

    You can check:

    ", + "
  • river and canal closure information on Canal & River Trust waterways in England
    • ", + "
  • canal works and closures on Scottish Canals
    • ", + "
  • river and canal restrictions and closures on Waterways Ireland
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/owning-a-boat": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/owning-a-boat", + "title": "Owning a boat", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must follow safety regulations and check whether you need insurance if you own a boat.\n\nYou usually need to register your boat to use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use.\n\n## Boat safety requirements\n\nThere are different safety requirements depending on whether you use your boat:\n\n- on inland waterways\n\n- at sea\n\n- for private or commercial purposes\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou may need to get insurance before you can register and use your boat.\n\n## Register your boat\n\nYou can apply for a boat licence or registration once you\u2019ve met the relevant safety and insurance requirements.\n\n## Safety on inland waterways\n\nYou may need to get a Boat Safety Scheme (BSS) certificate before you can register or buy a licence to use inland waterways, eg rivers and canals.\n\nYou don\u2019t need a certificate if you have a privately owned \u2018open boat\u2019 with no motor, eg a canoe, paddleboard or rowboat.\n\nSome other types of boat (eg privately owned \u2018open boats\u2019 with outboard motors and no electrical systems) may also be exempt - check with the navigation authority that manages your chosen waterway.\n\nAll boats requiring a BSS certificate have to be tested every 4 years.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for maintaining your boat to BSS certificate standards between tests.\n\nFind the latest boat safety notices.\n\n## Rules of the waterways\n\nYou must drive on the right and pass other boats port to port on all waterways.\n\nOn rivers, the boat coming downstream has right of way.\n\nUnder bridges, the boat closest to the bridge has right of way. Keep right until the boat has passed.\n\nThe maximum speed on narrow canals is 4 miles per hour (mph).\n\nThe Boater\u2019s Handbook gives more information on waterway rules.\n\n## New boats\n\nNew boats should already meet the standards, so you won\u2019t need to have it checked.\n\nYou may be asked for the certificate proving that your new boat meets the required standards when you register it.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a BSS certificate after 4 years and renew it every 4 years after that, unless you\u2019re exempt.\n\n## Penalty for not having a certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be penalised if you don\u2019t have a certificate for your boat and aren\u2019t exempt.\n\nThe penalty depends on which navigation authority manages the waterway you\u2019re using.\n\n## If you own a commercial boat\n\nYou may need a BSS certificate if your boat carries less than 12 passengers - check the BSS guidance.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Passenger Certificate issued by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) if you\u2019re carrying more than 12 passengers.\n\nYou should also check whether you need:\n\n- any statutory certificates\n\n- to meet any other requirements\n\n## Safety at sea\n\nYou must follow international safety regulations if you\u2019re using a boat at sea.\n\nThis means you must:\n\n- plan your voyage\n\n- carry a radar reflector\n\n- carry an illustrated table of the recognised life-saving signals\n\n- help other craft, if needed\n\n- use distress signals properly\n\nYou could be prosecuted if you\u2019re involved in a boating accident and you haven\u2019t followed the regulations.\n\nRead the Maritime and Coastguard Agency\u2019s \u2018Life saving signals\u2019 leaflet for more information.\n\n## Preventing collisions\n\nThe regulations on preventing collisions say that you must:\n\n- fit navigation lights, shapes and sound-signalling devices on your boat\n\n- stay a safe distance away from other boats, and diving boats flying the blue-and-white \u2018Alpha\u2019 flag\n\n- be alert to other boats around you at all times\n\nRead \u2018The Merchant Shipping (Distress Signals and Prevention of Collisions) Regulations 1996\u2019 for more information.\n\n## Safety equipment\n\nIf your boat is more than 13.7 metres long, you must carry:\n\n- lifejackets\n\n- liferafts\n\n- flares\n\n- fire extinguishers\n\nThe specific details of what you need to carry depends on the size of your boat and how far you\u2019re travelling away from the coast.\n\nSee the regulations applicable to \u2018pleasure vessels\u2019.\n\n## Preventing pollution\n\nYou mustn\u2019t drop oil or rubbish into the sea. If your boat is more than 12 metres long you must also display a notice on board explaining how to get rid of rubbish properly.\n\nFor more information, read the regulations for preventing pollution from ships.\n\n## Getting rid of old or damaged flares\n\nYou must follow the rules for getting rid of out-of-date or damaged flares.\n\nIt\u2019s an offence to:\n\n- put them in household rubbish, garden waste or public litter bins\n\n- dump them at sea\n\n- leave them anywhere a member of the public could find them\n\n- set them off\n\nYou should contact any of the following:\n\n- the place you bought them, if they offer a \u2018take back\u2019 scheme\n\n- some marinas - a small charge may apply\n\n- some liferaft service stations\n\n- some council recycling centres\n\nYou may also be able to dispose of them at a Coastguard Operations Centre. You must book an appointment in advance.\n\n## If you own a commercial boat\n\nIf you own a small commercial boat you may also have to:\n\n- meet certain operational standards\n\n- have the boat surveyed\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou should check what kind of insurance you need - it depends on how and where you use your boat.\n\n## If you\u2019re using inland waterways\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to have \u2018third party\u2019 insurance for at least \u00a31 million if you have a powered boat or a houseboat.\n\nYou may also need insurance for some types of unpowered boat, eg a houseboat - check with the navigation authority that manages the waterway you want to use.\n\nYou could be prosecuted or fined if you don\u2019t have the right insurance - the kind of penalty depends on your navigation authority.\n\nThe Canal and River Trust website has a list of insurance companies that provide boat insurance.\n\n## If you\u2019re using a boat at sea\n\nCheck the MCA guidance if you own a small commercial boat - you may need statutory certificates.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must follow safety regulations and check whether you need insurance if you own a boat.

    ", + "

    You usually need to register your boat to use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use.

    ", + "

    Boat safety requirements

    ", + "

    There are different safety requirements depending on whether you use your boat:

    ", + "
  • on inland waterways
    • ", + "
  • at sea
    • ", + "
  • for private or commercial purposes
    • ", + "

    Insurance

    ", + "

    You may need to get insurance before you can register and use your boat.

    ", + "

    Register your boat

    ", + "

    You can apply for a boat licence or registration once you\u2019ve met the relevant safety and insurance requirements.

    ", + "

    Safety on inland waterways

    ", + "

    You may need to get a Boat Safety Scheme (BSS) certificate before you can register or buy a licence to use inland waterways, eg rivers and canals.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a certificate if you have a privately owned \u2018open boat\u2019 with no motor, eg a canoe, paddleboard or rowboat.

    ", + "

    Some other types of boat (eg privately owned \u2018open boats\u2019 with outboard motors and no electrical systems) may also be exempt - check with the navigation authority that manages your chosen waterway.

    ", + "

    All boats requiring a BSS certificate have to be tested every 4 years.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for maintaining your boat to BSS certificate standards between tests.

    ", + "

    Find the latest boat safety notices.

    ", + "

    Rules of the waterways

    ", + "

    You must drive on the right and pass other boats port to port on all waterways.

    ", + "

    On rivers, the boat coming downstream has right of way.

    ", + "

    Under bridges, the boat closest to the bridge has right of way. Keep right until the boat has passed.

    ", + "

    The maximum speed on narrow canals is 4 miles per hour (mph).

    ", + "

    The Boater\u2019s Handbook gives more information on waterway rules.

    ", + "

    New boats

    ", + "

    New boats should already meet the standards, so you won\u2019t need to have it checked.

    ", + "

    You may be asked for the certificate proving that your new boat meets the required standards when you register it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get a BSS certificate after 4 years and renew it every 4 years after that, unless you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    Penalty for not having a certificate

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be penalised if you don\u2019t have a certificate for your boat and aren\u2019t exempt.

    ", + "

    The penalty depends on which navigation authority manages the waterway you\u2019re using.

    ", + "

    If you own a commercial boat

    ", + "

    You may need a BSS certificate if your boat carries less than 12 passengers - check the BSS guidance.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Passenger Certificate issued by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) if you\u2019re carrying more than 12 passengers.

    ", + "

    You should also check whether you need:

    ", + "
  • any statutory certificates
    • ", + "
  • to meet any other requirements
    • ", + "

    Safety at sea

    ", + "

    You must follow international safety regulations if you\u2019re using a boat at sea.

    ", + "

    This means you must:

    ", + "
  • plan your voyage
    • ", + "
  • carry a radar reflector
    • ", + "
  • carry an illustrated table of the recognised life-saving signals
    • ", + "
  • help other craft, if needed
    • ", + "
  • use distress signals properly
    • ", + "

    You could be prosecuted if you\u2019re involved in a boating accident and you haven\u2019t followed the regulations.

    ", + "

    Read the Maritime and Coastguard Agency\u2019s \u2018Life saving signals\u2019 leaflet for more information.

    ", + "

    Preventing collisions

    ", + "

    The regulations on preventing collisions say that you must:

    ", + "
  • fit navigation lights, shapes and sound-signalling devices on your boat
    • ", + "
  • stay a safe distance away from other boats, and diving boats flying the blue-and-white \u2018Alpha\u2019 flag
    • ", + "
  • be alert to other boats around you at all times
    • ", + "

    Read \u2018The Merchant Shipping (Distress Signals and Prevention of Collisions) Regulations 1996\u2019 for more information.

    ", + "

    Safety equipment

    ", + "

    If your boat is more than 13.7 metres long, you must carry:

    ", + "
  • lifejackets
    • ", + "
  • liferafts
    • ", + "
  • flares
    • ", + "
  • fire extinguishers
    • ", + "

    The specific details of what you need to carry depends on the size of your boat and how far you\u2019re travelling away from the coast.

    ", + "

    See the regulations applicable to \u2018pleasure vessels\u2019.

    ", + "

    Preventing pollution

    ", + "

    You mustn\u2019t drop oil or rubbish into the sea. If your boat is more than 12 metres long you must also display a notice on board explaining how to get rid of rubbish properly.

    ", + "

    For more information, read the regulations for preventing pollution from ships.

    ", + "

    Getting rid of old or damaged flares

    ", + "

    You must follow the rules for getting rid of out-of-date or damaged flares.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s an offence to:

    ", + "
  • put them in household rubbish, garden waste or public litter bins
    • ", + "
  • dump them at sea
    • ", + "
  • leave them anywhere a member of the public could find them
    • ", + "
  • set them off
    • ", + "

    You should contact any of the following:

    ", + "
  • the place you bought them, if they offer a \u2018take back\u2019 scheme
    • ", + "
  • some marinas - a small charge may apply
    • ", + "
  • some liferaft service stations
    • ", + "
  • some council recycling centres
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to dispose of them at a Coastguard Operations Centre. You must book an appointment in advance.

    ", + "

    If you own a commercial boat

    ", + "

    If you own a small commercial boat you may also have to:

    ", + "
  • meet certain operational standards
    • ", + "
  • have the boat surveyed
    • ", + "

    Insurance

    ", + "

    You should check what kind of insurance you need - it depends on how and where you use your boat.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using inland waterways

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to have \u2018third party\u2019 insurance for at least \u00a31 million if you have a powered boat or a houseboat.

    ", + "

    You may also need insurance for some types of unpowered boat, eg a houseboat - check with the navigation authority that manages the waterway you want to use.

    ", + "

    You could be prosecuted or fined if you don\u2019t have the right insurance - the kind of penalty depends on your navigation authority.

    ", + "

    The Canal and River Trust website has a list of insurance companies that provide boat insurance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using a boat at sea

    ", + "

    Check the MCA guidance if you own a small commercial boat - you may need statutory certificates.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "title": "Register a boat", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou usually need to register or licence your boat if you want to keep or use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use to find out.\n\nA boat is:\n\n- any vessel with or without a motor, for example a sailing boat, river boat, canal boat or houseboat\n\n- any \u2018open boat\u2019 such as canoe, paddle board, rowing boat or dinghy\n\nTo get a boat registration you may need:\n\n- insurance\n\n- a Boat Safety Scheme (BSS) certificate\n\nYou must renew each year for the waterway you want to keep or use your boat on. You can buy a visitor registration or licence for shorter periods.\n\n## Carry more than 12 passengers\n\nYou must have a passenger-carrying certificate issued by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency if you want to carry more than 12 passengers.\n\n## Commercial use\n\nYou must apply for a boatmaster\u2019s licence if you want to use your boat commercially.\n\n## Use at sea\n\nYou can register your boat with the UK Ship Register for use at sea.\n\n## Who to contact\n\nRegister or license your boat with the navigation authority responsible for the waterway you want to use.\n\n## Most canals and some rivers, like the Severn, Trent and Ouse\n\nRegister with the Canal & River Trust.\n\n## Norfolk and Suffolk Broads, and adjacent waters\n\nRegister with the Broads Authority.\n\n## River Thames, River Medway, and the rivers of East Anglia\n\nDownload the application form for the waterway you want to use and register with the Environment Agency:\n\n- River Thames\n\n- River Medway\n\n- Anglian waterways (Great Ouse System, River Nene, River Stour, River Ancholme, Black Sluice, River Welland and River Glen)\n\n- Rye Harbour\n\nRiver Thames annual registrations run from 1 January to 31 December. Other registrations run from 1 April to 31 March.\n\n## The Royal Military Canal\n\nYou do not need to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam in Shorncliffe, Kent and Iden Lock in Cliffe End, East Sussex.\n\nContact Shepway District Council to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam and Seabrook.\n\n## Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\nCheck if you need to register your boat with Scottish Canals or NI Direct.\n\n## Other areas\n\nCheck with the Inland Waterways Association to find the navigation authority for other areas.\n\n## Using more than one waterway\n\nYou can buy a \u2018gold licence\u2019 which lets you use all Environment Agency and Canal & River Trust waterways.\n\n## Canoe or rowing boat exemptions\n\nYou may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.\n\nRowing clubs or associations can register a rowing boat for use on some waterways through British Rowing.\n\n## Penalties\n\nAn enforcement officer may put an enforcement notice on your boat if it\u2019s on an inland waterway and:\n\n- it\u2019s not licensed or registered\n\n- it\u2019s not licensed or registered for the waterway you\u2019re using\n\n- your licence or registration is not displayed\n\n- it breaches the terms and conditions of the licence or registration\n\nCheck your licence or registration for additional rules that apply to your waterway.\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a31,000 or have your boat removed if you do not display an up-to-date licence or registration.\n\n## Questions about a penalty notice\n\nContact your navigation authority if you have questions about a penalty notice.\n\n## The UK Ship Register\n\nYou need to register your boat with the UK Ship Register to use it at sea.\n\nWhether you can use the register depends on your citizenship status. Check the eligibility requirements for each part of the UK Ship Register.\n\nThere are 4 different parts of the register. Which part you use depends on what you\u2019re using your boat for:\n\n- Part 1 - commercial or pleasure boats\n\n- Part 2 - fishing boats\n\n- Part 3 - small boats\n\n- Part 4 - charter boats\n\n## Part 1 registration - commercial or pleasure boats\n\nYou can use Part 1 of the register if you have either:\n\n- a commercial boat, unless you plan to use it for fishing\n\n- a \u2018pleasure vessel\u2019 - this means you do not make any money from it\n\nRegistering your boat on Part 1 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to:\n\n- get a marine mortgage against your boat\n\n- spend more than 6 months outside the UK\n\nIt costs \u00a3153 to register for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew. It costs \u00a372 to renew your registration for another 5 years.\n\n## Part 2 registration - fishing boats\n\nUse Part 2 of the register if you\u2019re using your boat to catch and sell fish.\n\nYou can choose from \u2018simple\u2019 or \u2018full\u2019 registration. If you choose full registration you can get a marine mortgage against your boat.\n\nTo register for 5 years it costs:\n\n- \u00a3159 for simple registration\n\n- \u00a3196 for full registration\n\n## Part 3 registration - small boats\n\nUse Part 3 of the register (small ships register) if:\n\n- your boat is less than 24 metres long\n\n- your boat is a pleasure vessel\n\n- you live in the UK for at least 185 days of the year\n\nYou cannot use Part 3 of the register if you\u2019re a business.\n\nRegistering on Part 3 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to prove your boat\u2019s nationality when sailing outside UK waters.\n\nIt costs \u00a335 for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew.\n\n## Part 4 registration - charter boats\n\nUse Part 4 of the register if you plan to hire out (charter) your boat.\n\nIt costs between \u00a335 and \u00a3196 for 5 years. The amount you\u2019ll pay depends on the type of boat you\u2019re registering.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou can register your boat online. You\u2019ll need to create an account if you do not already have one.\n\nIf you own the boat with other people, all owners must have an account before you can register your boat online.\n\nStart now\n\nYou can pay by debit or credit card.\n\nYou can also use the online service to renew, cancel or change the details of your registration.\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- the dimensions of your boat\n\n- the previous registration details of the boat (if it\u2019s been registered before)\n\n- the bill of sale\n\n- the radio signal detail - including your UK radio call sign, Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number and International Maritime Organization (IMO) number\n\n- the builders certificate\n\n- a certificate of survey for tonnage and measurement\n\n- an international tonnage certificate (ITC69)\n\n- safety certificates\n\n## Other ways to register\n\nYou can also register by post. Download and fill in the form for the type of boat you want to register.\n\n## Contact\n\nYou can contact the UK Ship Register by email, phone or post.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You usually need to register or licence your boat if you want to keep or use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use to find out.

    ", + "

    A boat is:

    ", + "
  • any vessel with or without a motor, for example a sailing boat, river boat, canal boat or houseboat
    • ", + "
  • any \u2018open boat\u2019 such as canoe, paddle board, rowing boat or dinghy
    • ", + "

    To get a boat registration you may need:

    ", + "
  • insurance
    • ", + "
  • a Boat Safety Scheme (BSS) certificate
    • ", + "

    You must renew each year for the waterway you want to keep or use your boat on. You can buy a visitor registration or licence for shorter periods.

    ", + "

    Carry more than 12 passengers

    ", + "

    You must have a passenger-carrying certificate issued by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency if you want to carry more than 12 passengers.

    ", + "

    Commercial use

    ", + "

    You must apply for a boatmaster\u2019s licence if you want to use your boat commercially.

    ", + "

    Use at sea

    ", + "

    You can register your boat with the UK Ship Register for use at sea.

    ", + "

    Who to contact

    ", + "

    Register or license your boat with the navigation authority responsible for the waterway you want to use.

    ", + "

    Most canals and some rivers, like the Severn, Trent and Ouse

    ", + "

    Register with the Canal & River Trust.

    ", + "

    Norfolk and Suffolk Broads, and adjacent waters

    ", + "

    Register with the Broads Authority.

    ", + "

    River Thames, River Medway, and the rivers of East Anglia

    ", + "

    Download the application form for the waterway you want to use and register with the Environment Agency:

    ", + "
  • River Thames
    • ", + "
  • River Medway
    • ", + "
  • Anglian waterways (Great Ouse System, River Nene, River Stour, River Ancholme, Black Sluice, River Welland and River Glen)
    • ", + "
  • Rye Harbour
    • ", + "

    River Thames annual registrations run from 1 January to 31 December. Other registrations run from 1 April to 31 March.

    ", + "

    The Royal Military Canal

    ", + "

    You do not need to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam in Shorncliffe, Kent and Iden Lock in Cliffe End, East Sussex.

    ", + "

    Contact Shepway District Council to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam and Seabrook.

    ", + "

    Scotland and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Check if you need to register your boat with Scottish Canals or NI Direct.

    ", + "

    Other areas

    ", + "

    Check with the Inland Waterways Association to find the navigation authority for other areas.

    ", + "

    Using more than one waterway

    ", + "

    You can buy a \u2018gold licence\u2019 which lets you use all Environment Agency and Canal & River Trust waterways.

    ", + "

    Canoe or rowing boat exemptions

    ", + "

    You may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.

    ", + "

    Rowing clubs or associations can register a rowing boat for use on some waterways through British Rowing.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    An enforcement officer may put an enforcement notice on your boat if it\u2019s on an inland waterway and:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s not licensed or registered
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s not licensed or registered for the waterway you\u2019re using
    • ", + "
  • your licence or registration is not displayed
    • ", + "
  • it breaches the terms and conditions of the licence or registration
    • ", + "

    Check your licence or registration for additional rules that apply to your waterway.

    ", + "

    You may be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a31,000 or have your boat removed if you do not display an up-to-date licence or registration.

    ", + "

    Questions about a penalty notice

    ", + "

    Contact your navigation authority if you have questions about a penalty notice.

    ", + "

    The UK Ship Register

    ", + "

    You need to register your boat with the UK Ship Register to use it at sea.

    ", + "

    Whether you can use the register depends on your citizenship status. Check the eligibility requirements for each part of the UK Ship Register.

    ", + "

    There are 4 different parts of the register. Which part you use depends on what you\u2019re using your boat for:

    ", + "
  • Part 1 - commercial or pleasure boats
    • ", + "
  • Part 2 - fishing boats
    • ", + "
  • Part 3 - small boats
    • ", + "
  • Part 4 - charter boats
    • ", + "

    Part 1 registration - commercial or pleasure boats

    ", + "

    You can use Part 1 of the register if you have either:

    ", + "
  • a commercial boat, unless you plan to use it for fishing
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018pleasure vessel\u2019 - this means you do not make any money from it
    • ", + "

    Registering your boat on Part 1 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to:

    ", + "
  • get a marine mortgage against your boat
    • ", + "
  • spend more than 6 months outside the UK
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a3153 to register for 5 years.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew. It costs \u00a372 to renew your registration for another 5 years.

    ", + "

    Part 2 registration - fishing boats

    ", + "

    Use Part 2 of the register if you\u2019re using your boat to catch and sell fish.

    ", + "

    You can choose from \u2018simple\u2019 or \u2018full\u2019 registration. If you choose full registration you can get a marine mortgage against your boat.

    ", + "

    To register for 5 years it costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3159 for simple registration
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3196 for full registration
    • ", + "

    Part 3 registration - small boats

    ", + "

    Use Part 3 of the register (small ships register) if:

    ", + "
  • your boat is less than 24 metres long
    • ", + "
  • your boat is a pleasure vessel
    • ", + "
  • you live in the UK for at least 185 days of the year
    • ", + "

    You cannot use Part 3 of the register if you\u2019re a business.

    ", + "

    Registering on Part 3 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to prove your boat\u2019s nationality when sailing outside UK waters.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a335 for 5 years.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew.

    ", + "

    Part 4 registration - charter boats

    ", + "

    Use Part 4 of the register if you plan to hire out (charter) your boat.

    ", + "

    It costs between \u00a335 and \u00a3196 for 5 years. The amount you\u2019ll pay depends on the type of boat you\u2019re registering.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    You can register your boat online. You\u2019ll need to create an account if you do not already have one.

    ", + "

    If you own the boat with other people, all owners must have an account before you can register your boat online.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You can pay by debit or credit card.

    ", + "

    You can also use the online service to renew, cancel or change the details of your registration.

    ", + "

    Before you start

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • the dimensions of your boat
    • ", + "
  • the previous registration details of the boat (if it\u2019s been registered before)
    • ", + "
  • the bill of sale
    • ", + "
  • the radio signal detail - including your UK radio call sign, Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number and International Maritime Organization (IMO) number
    • ", + "
  • the builders certificate
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of survey for tonnage and measurement
    • ", + "
  • an international tonnage certificate (ITC69)
    • ", + "
  • safety certificates
    • ", + "

    Other ways to register

    ", + "

    You can also register by post. Download and fill in the form for the type of boat you want to register.

    ", + "

    Contact

    ", + "

    You can contact the UK Ship Register by email, phone or post.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-hedgerow-notice": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-hedgerow-notice", + "title": "Appeal a hedgerow notice", + "content": "## When you can appeal\n\nYour council makes decisions about hedgerow notices.\n\nYou can appeal a decision if they\u2019ve sent you either:\n\n- a retention notice, saying you cannot remove a hedgerow\n\n- a replacement notice, telling you to replace a hedgerow you\u2019ve already removed\n\nOnly the person who made the application can appeal.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 28 days of the date on the council\u2019s notice.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nOnce your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 31 weeks.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nFill in a hedgerow appeal form.\n\nYou also need:\n\n- a copy of your original application\n\n- the reason for your appeal\n\n- a copy of the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal\n\nEmail these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on a hedgerow appeal.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently comment by post. You can still comment by email.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. You\u2019ll normally get a decision within 31 weeks.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. However, you might have to pay another party\u2019s costs too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your council makes decisions about hedgerow notices.

    ", + "

    You can appeal a decision if they\u2019ve sent you either:

    ", + "
  • a retention notice, saying you cannot remove a hedgerow
    • ", + "
  • a replacement notice, telling you to replace a hedgerow you\u2019ve already removed
    • ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 28 days of the date on the council\u2019s notice.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    Once your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 31 weeks.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Fill in a hedgerow appeal form.

    ", + "

    You also need:

    ", + "
  • a copy of your original application
    • ", + "
  • the reason for your appeal
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal
    • ", + "

    Email these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on a hedgerow appeal.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently comment by post. You can still comment by email.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. You\u2019ll normally get a decision within 31 weeks.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. However, you might have to pay another party\u2019s costs too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-right-of-way-decision": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-right-of-way-decision", + "title": "Appeal a right of way decision", + "content": "## When you can appeal\n\nYour local council makes decisions about right of way applications.\n\nYou can appeal their decision if you applied to change the area\u2019s \u2018definitive map and statement\u2019 and either:\n\n- you disagree with the decision - this is known as a \u2018schedule 14 appeal\u2019\n\n- your local council did not make a decision within 12 months - this is known as a \u2018direction request\u2019\n\nYou cannot appeal if:\n\n- the council approves a different use for the land, for example they make an order for a footpath when you applied for a bridleway\n\n- you did not submit your original application correctly, for example you did not notify landowners who might be affected by the change\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\nOnly the person who made the application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 28 days of the date on the decision letter, or 12 months after you submitted the application if your local council has not made a decision.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nOnce your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 26 weeks.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nMake your appeal to the Planning Inspectorate by filling in the appeal form. Write to the Secretary of State if you\u2019re making a direction request.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently send your appeal form in the post. Email it to rightsofway2@planninginspectorate.gov.uk instead.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing a decision\n\nYou must submit 2 copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- the reason for your appeal\n\n- the council\u2019s decision notice\n\n- any notices you issued while applying, for example to let other landowners know you were applying for a change\n\n- a map showing the proposed right of way\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal\n\n- confirmation that you\u2019ve notified the local council about your appeal\n\n## If the local council has not made a decision\n\nYou must submit 2 copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- confirmation that you notified the landowners of your original application\n\nEmail your form and these documents to rightsofway2@planninginspectorate.gov.uk.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on a right of way appeal.\n\nYour local council must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. The council has to do this within 14 days of the appeal being validated by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get a decision within 30 weeks (or 21 weeks for a direction request).\n\n## If you\u2019re successful\n\nFor appeals, the Planning Inspectorate will tell the council to make the order. There\u2019s no time limit for your local council to do this.\n\nFor direction requests, the Planning Inspectorate will give the local council a time limit to make a decision on your original application.\n\n## If you disagree with the decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local council makes decisions about right of way applications.

    ", + "

    You can appeal their decision if you applied to change the area\u2019s \u2018definitive map and statement\u2019 and either:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with the decision - this is known as a \u2018schedule 14 appeal\u2019
    • ", + "
  • your local council did not make a decision within 12 months - this is known as a \u2018direction request\u2019
    • ", + "

    You cannot appeal if:

    ", + "
  • the council approves a different use for the land, for example they make an order for a footpath when you applied for a bridleway
    • ", + "
  • you did not submit your original application correctly, for example you did not notify landowners who might be affected by the change
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 28 days of the date on the decision letter, or 12 months after you submitted the application if your local council has not made a decision.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    Once your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 26 weeks.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Make your appeal to the Planning Inspectorate by filling in the appeal form. Write to the Secretary of State if you\u2019re making a direction request.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently send your appeal form in the post. Email it to rightsofway2@planninginspectorate.gov.uk instead.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing a decision

    ", + "

    You must submit 2 copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • the reason for your appeal
    • ", + "
  • the council\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "
  • any notices you issued while applying, for example to let other landowners know you were applying for a change
    • ", + "
  • a map showing the proposed right of way
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal
    • ", + "
  • confirmation that you\u2019ve notified the local council about your appeal
    • ", + "

    If the local council has not made a decision

    ", + "

    You must submit 2 copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • confirmation that you notified the landowners of your original application
    • ", + "

    Email your form and these documents to rightsofway2@planninginspectorate.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on a right of way appeal.

    ", + "

    Your local council must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. The council has to do this within 14 days of the appeal being validated by the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally get a decision within 30 weeks (or 21 weeks for a direction request).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re successful

    ", + "

    For appeals, the Planning Inspectorate will tell the council to make the order. There\u2019s no time limit for your local council to do this.

    ", + "

    For direction requests, the Planning Inspectorate will give the local council a time limit to make a decision on your original application.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/protecting-rural-landscapes-and-features": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/protecting-rural-landscapes-and-features", + "title": "Protecting rural landscapes and features", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAs a landowner you must manage and maintain land with:\n\n- hedgerows and watercourses\n\n- trees and woodland\n\n- dry stone walls\n\nYou also have obligations if you own or occupy a scheduled monument.\n\nRural landscapes and features are protected:\n\n- by planning policies and laws\n\n- through the Rural Development Programme for England\n\n- through \u2018cross compliance\u2019 - set rules for farming and land management\n\nYou can apply for funding schemes to help you protect your land.\n\n## Funding and cross compliance\n\nYou can apply for funding to protect rural landscapes and features through:\n\n- the Basic Payment Scheme - main EU\nagricultural subsidy scheme supporting environmentally-friendly farming practices\n\n- Countryside Stewardship - offers financial rewards for good land management which improves the quality of the environment\n\n## Cross compliance\n\nTo get funding from EU and UK rural development schemes you need to meet a set of rules known as cross compliance.\n\n## Hedgerows and watercourses\n\nIf you own land with hedgerows or watercourses, you must do everything you reasonably can to keep green cover (natural vegetation) on land:\n\n- within 2 metres of the centre of a hedgerow, watercourse or field ditch\n\n- within 1 metre of the top of the bank of a watercourse or field ditch\n\nIt\u2019s against the law to remove or destroy certain hedgerows without permission from your local planning authority.\n\nYou must also make sure you do not:\n\n- cultivate or apply fertilisers or pesticides on these strips of green cover\n\n- cut or trim hedgerows between 1 March and 31 August\n\nFind more information on hedgerow protection and management.\n\n## Trees and woodland\n\nThe Forestry Commission has guidance on managing woodlands and minimising damage to them.\n\n## Tree felling and Tree Preservation Orders (TPOs)\n\nYou must get written consent from your local planning authority before you damage or destroy, uproot, top or lop any trees that are protected by TPOs.\n\nYou must also give 42 days\u2019 written notice to your local planning authority if you wish to cut down any tree in a conservation area.\n\nYou may need a felling licence from the Forestry Commission to fell trees.\n\n## Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of forestry projects\n\nYou need an EIA if you\u2019re:\n\n- creating new woodland\n\n- permanently removing woodland\n\n- doing forest road works\n\n- doing forest-related quarrying\n\nYou may also need permission from the Forestry Commission before you begin the work.\n\n## Funding for woodlands\n\nGrants for woodland are available under the Countryside Stewardship and the Woodland Carbon Fund.\n\n## Dry stone walls\n\nStone walls of all types are important as landscape features and for stock management. Dry stone walls are walls made without the use of mortar or cement.\n\nIf you have dry stone walls on your land, you should:\n\n- check their condition at least once a year\n\n- remove any vegetation to help to \u2018air\u2019 the wall and prevent frost damage\n\n- use local stone to make any repairs\n\n- prevent trees from growing alongside, as their roots can weaken wall foundations\n\nYou must not remove a dry stone wall, or remove stone from it, except in special cases.\n\nContact the Dry Stone Walling Association for more information.\n\n## Funding for dry stone walls\n\nCountryside Stewardship funding is available to farmers and land managers for dry stone wall restoration.\n\n## Scheduled monuments\n\nA scheduled monument is a site that\u2019s legally protected because of its historical importance.\n\nScheduled monuments might be:\n\n- archaeological sites, such as ancient burial mounds\n\n- more recent remains, such as from the coal industry or World War 2\n\nYou need written permission from your regional Historic England office to carry out work on a scheduled monument. You may also need planning permission from your council.\n\nYou can download \u2018A Guide for Owners and Occupiers of Scheduled Monuments\u2019.\n\n## Grants for scheduled monuments\n\nYou may be able to get a Historic England grant to help maintain or repair a scheduled monument.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As a landowner you must manage and maintain land with:

    ", + "
  • hedgerows and watercourses
    • ", + "
  • trees and woodland
    • ", + "
  • dry stone walls
    • ", + "

    You also have obligations if you own or occupy a scheduled monument.

    ", + "

    Rural landscapes and features are protected:

    ", + "
  • by planning policies and laws
    • ", + "
  • through the Rural Development Programme for England
    • ", + "
  • through \u2018cross compliance\u2019 - set rules for farming and land management
    • ", + "

    You can apply for funding schemes to help you protect your land.

    ", + "

    Funding and cross compliance

    ", + "

    You can apply for funding to protect rural landscapes and features through:

    ", + "
  • the Basic Payment Scheme - main EU\nagricultural subsidy scheme supporting environmentally-friendly farming practices
    • ", + "
  • Countryside Stewardship - offers financial rewards for good land management which improves the quality of the environment
    • ", + "

    Cross compliance

    ", + "

    To get funding from EU and UK rural development schemes you need to meet a set of rules known as cross compliance.

    ", + "

    Hedgerows and watercourses

    ", + "

    If you own land with hedgerows or watercourses, you must do everything you reasonably can to keep green cover (natural vegetation) on land:

    ", + "
  • within 2 metres of the centre of a hedgerow, watercourse or field ditch
    • ", + "
  • within 1 metre of the top of the bank of a watercourse or field ditch
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s against the law to remove or destroy certain hedgerows without permission from your local planning authority.

    ", + "

    You must also make sure you do not:

    ", + "
  • cultivate or apply fertilisers or pesticides on these strips of green cover
    • ", + "
  • cut or trim hedgerows between 1 March and 31 August
    • ", + "

    Find more information on hedgerow protection and management.

    ", + "

    Trees and woodland

    ", + "

    The Forestry Commission has guidance on managing woodlands and minimising damage to them.

    ", + "

    Tree felling and Tree Preservation Orders (TPOs)

    ", + "

    You must get written consent from your local planning authority before you damage or destroy, uproot, top or lop any trees that are protected by TPOs.

    ", + "

    You must also give 42 days\u2019 written notice to your local planning authority if you wish to cut down any tree in a conservation area.

    ", + "

    You may need a felling licence from the Forestry Commission to fell trees.

    ", + "

    Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of forestry projects

    ", + "

    You need an EIA if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • creating new woodland
    • ", + "
  • permanently removing woodland
    • ", + "
  • doing forest road works
    • ", + "
  • doing forest-related quarrying
    • ", + "

    You may also need permission from the Forestry Commission before you begin the work.

    ", + "

    Funding for woodlands

    ", + "

    Grants for woodland are available under the Countryside Stewardship and the Woodland Carbon Fund.

    ", + "

    Dry stone walls

    ", + "

    Stone walls of all types are important as landscape features and for stock management. Dry stone walls are walls made without the use of mortar or cement.

    ", + "

    If you have dry stone walls on your land, you should:

    ", + "
  • check their condition at least once a year
    • ", + "
  • remove any vegetation to help to \u2018air\u2019 the wall and prevent frost damage
    • ", + "
  • use local stone to make any repairs
    • ", + "
  • prevent trees from growing alongside, as their roots can weaken wall foundations
    • ", + "

    You must not remove a dry stone wall, or remove stone from it, except in special cases.

    ", + "

    Contact the Dry Stone Walling Association for more information.

    ", + "

    Funding for dry stone walls

    ", + "

    Countryside Stewardship funding is available to farmers and land managers for dry stone wall restoration.

    ", + "

    Scheduled monuments

    ", + "

    A scheduled monument is a site that\u2019s legally protected because of its historical importance.

    ", + "

    Scheduled monuments might be:

    ", + "
  • archaeological sites, such as ancient burial mounds
    • ", + "
  • more recent remains, such as from the coal industry or World War 2
    • ", + "

    You need written permission from your regional Historic England office to carry out work on a scheduled monument. You may also need planning permission from your council.

    ", + "

    You can download \u2018A Guide for Owners and Occupiers of Scheduled Monuments\u2019.

    ", + "

    Grants for scheduled monuments

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a Historic England grant to help maintain or repair a scheduled monument.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-way-open-access-land": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-way-open-access-land", + "title": "Rights of way and accessing land", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou have the right to access some land for walking or certain other leisure activities.\n\nYou can:\n\n- use public roads and pavements or public rights of way, for example footpaths or bridleways\n\n- use your right to roam on open access land including mountains, moors, heaths, downs, common land and some land around the England Coast Path\n\nIf neither of these apply, you may still be able to access private land if:\n\n- the land was used as a public right of way in the past - check old maps and documents\n\n- the land was accessed by the public for at least 20 years and nobody has asked them to stop\n\n- the landowner has given permission (\u2018permissive access\u2019)\n\nHelp protect the natural environment by following the Countryside Code.\n\n## Use public rights of way\n\nYou can walk on all public rights of way.\n\nSome public rights of way are also open to horse riders, cyclists or motorists.\n\nYou can use:\n\n- footpaths - for walking, running, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- bridleways - for walking, horse riding, bicycles, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- restricted byways - for any transport without a motor and mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- byways open to all traffic - for any kind of transport, including cars (but they\u2019re mainly used by walkers, cyclists and horse riders)\n\n## Rights of way in England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nPublic rights of way are marked with signs or coloured arrows, for example yellow for footpaths, blue for bridleways.\n\nYou can find the route of public rights of way:\n\n- on Ordnance Survey and other maps\n\n- on some council websites\n\n## Rights of way in Scotland\n\nYou can find rights of way through the charity Scotways.\n\n## Report problems with a right of way\n\nContact the local council to report a problem, for example obstructions, poor maintenance or a misleading sign.\n\n## Change a public right of way\n\nContact the local council about adding, changing or removing a public right of way temporarily or permanently.\n\nYou can contact the Local Government Ombudsman if you think your council has not dealt with your enquiry properly.\n\n## Use your right to roam\n\nYou can access some land across England without having to use paths - this land is known as \u2018open access land\u2019 or \u2018access land\u2019.\n\nAccess land includes mountains, moors, heaths and downs that are privately owned. It also includes common land registered with the local council and some land around the England Coast Path.\n\nYour right to access this land is called the \u2018right to roam\u2019, or \u2018freedom to roam\u2019.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can use access land for walking, running, watching wildlife and climbing.\n\nThere are certain activities you cannot usually do on open access land, including:\n\n- horse-riding\n\n- cycling\n\n- camping\n\n- taking animals other than dogs on to the land\n\n- driving a vehicle (except mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs)\n\n- water sports\n\nBut you can use access land for horse-riding and cycling if:\n\n- the landowner allows it\n\n- public bridleways or byways cross the land \u2013 horse riders and cyclists can ride along these\n\n- there are local traditions, or rights, of access\n\n## Dogs on open access land\n\nYou must keep your dog on a lead no more than 2 metres long on open access land:\n\n- between 1 March and 31 July - to protect ground-nesting birds\n\n- at all times around livestock\n\nOn land next to the England Coast Path you must keep your dog under close control.\n\nThere may be other local or seasonal restrictions. These do not apply to public rights of way or assistance dogs.\n\n## Excepted land\n\nOn access land some areas remain private (\u2018excepted land\u2019). You do not have the right to access these areas, even if they appear on a map of open access land.\n\nExcepted land includes:\n\n- houses, buildings and the land they\u2019re on (such as courtyards)\n\n- land used to grow crops\n\n- building sites and land that\u2019s being developed\n\n- parks and gardens\n\n- golf courses and racecourses\n\n- railways and tramways\n\n- working quarries\n\nUse public rights of way to cross excepted land.\n\n## Find open access land\n\nSearch for open access land in England and find out about land that\u2019s currently closed to walkers.\n\nFind open access land in Wales.\n\nContact the local council to find common land near you.\n\n## Report problems with open access land\n\nYou can report problems to the local access authority - contact them through the local council.\n\nIf the problem is in a national park, you can contact them directly.\n\nYou can also contact the Open Access Contact Centre for information about open access land in England.\n\n## Access private land\n\nYou may be able to access private land if the landowner has agreed to let people use it, for example for walking, cycling or horse riding (sometimes known as giving \u2018permissive access\u2019). Look for signs.\n\nSearch for farms and other land with access for schools, families and other groups.\n\nSearch for land of outstanding scenic or scientific interest, including land with permissive access, in the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) directory.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You have the right to access some land for walking or certain other leisure activities.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • use public roads and pavements or public rights of way, for example footpaths or bridleways
    • ", + "
  • use your right to roam on open access land including mountains, moors, heaths, downs, common land and some land around the England Coast Path
    • ", + "

    If neither of these apply, you may still be able to access private land if:

    ", + "
  • the land was used as a public right of way in the past - check old maps and documents
    • ", + "
  • the land was accessed by the public for at least 20 years and nobody has asked them to stop
    • ", + "
  • the landowner has given permission (\u2018permissive access\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Help protect the natural environment by following the Countryside Code.

    ", + "

    Use public rights of way

    ", + "

    You can walk on all public rights of way.

    ", + "

    Some public rights of way are also open to horse riders, cyclists or motorists.

    ", + "

    You can use:

    ", + "
  • footpaths - for walking, running, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs
    • ", + "
  • bridleways - for walking, horse riding, bicycles, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs
    • ", + "
  • restricted byways - for any transport without a motor and mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs
    • ", + "
  • byways open to all traffic - for any kind of transport, including cars (but they\u2019re mainly used by walkers, cyclists and horse riders)
    • ", + "

    Rights of way in England, Wales and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Public rights of way are marked with signs or coloured arrows, for example yellow for footpaths, blue for bridleways.

    ", + "

    You can find the route of public rights of way:

    ", + "
  • on Ordnance Survey and other maps
    • ", + "
  • on some council websites
    • ", + "

    Rights of way in Scotland

    ", + "

    You can find rights of way through the charity Scotways.

    ", + "

    Report problems with a right of way

    ", + "

    Contact the local council to report a problem, for example obstructions, poor maintenance or a misleading sign.

    ", + "

    Change a public right of way

    ", + "

    Contact the local council about adding, changing or removing a public right of way temporarily or permanently.

    ", + "

    You can contact the Local Government Ombudsman if you think your council has not dealt with your enquiry properly.

    ", + "

    Use your right to roam

    ", + "

    You can access some land across England without having to use paths - this land is known as \u2018open access land\u2019 or \u2018access land\u2019.

    ", + "

    Access land includes mountains, moors, heaths and downs that are privately owned. It also includes common land registered with the local council and some land around the England Coast Path.

    ", + "

    Your right to access this land is called the \u2018right to roam\u2019, or \u2018freedom to roam\u2019.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can use access land for walking, running, watching wildlife and climbing.

    ", + "

    There are certain activities you cannot usually do on open access land, including:

    ", + "
  • horse-riding
    • ", + "
  • cycling
    • ", + "
  • camping
    • ", + "
  • taking animals other than dogs on to the land
    • ", + "
  • driving a vehicle (except mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs)
    • ", + "
  • water sports
    • ", + "

    But you can use access land for horse-riding and cycling if:

    ", + "
  • the landowner allows it
    • ", + "
  • public bridleways or byways cross the land \u2013 horse riders and cyclists can ride along these
    • ", + "
  • there are local traditions, or rights, of access
    • ", + "

    Dogs on open access land

    ", + "

    You must keep your dog on a lead no more than 2 metres long on open access land:

    ", + "
  • between 1 March and 31 July - to protect ground-nesting birds
    • ", + "
  • at all times around livestock
    • ", + "

    On land next to the England Coast Path you must keep your dog under close control.

    ", + "

    There may be other local or seasonal restrictions. These do not apply to public rights of way or assistance dogs.

    ", + "

    Excepted land

    ", + "

    On access land some areas remain private (\u2018excepted land\u2019). You do not have the right to access these areas, even if they appear on a map of open access land.

    ", + "

    Excepted land includes:

    ", + "
  • houses, buildings and the land they\u2019re on (such as courtyards)
    • ", + "
  • land used to grow crops
    • ", + "
  • building sites and land that\u2019s being developed
    • ", + "
  • parks and gardens
    • ", + "
  • golf courses and racecourses
    • ", + "
  • railways and tramways
    • ", + "
  • working quarries
    • ", + "

    Use public rights of way to cross excepted land.

    ", + "

    Find open access land

    ", + "

    Search for open access land in England and find out about land that\u2019s currently closed to walkers.

    ", + "

    Find open access land in Wales.

    ", + "

    Contact the local council to find common land near you.

    ", + "

    Report problems with open access land

    ", + "

    You can report problems to the local access authority - contact them through the local council.

    ", + "

    If the problem is in a national park, you can contact them directly.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the Open Access Contact Centre for information about open access land in England.

    ", + "

    Access private land

    ", + "

    You may be able to access private land if the landowner has agreed to let people use it, for example for walking, cycling or horse riding (sometimes known as giving \u2018permissive access\u2019). Look for signs.

    ", + "

    Search for farms and other land with access for schools, families and other groups.

    ", + "

    Search for land of outstanding scenic or scientific interest, including land with permissive access, in the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) directory.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/fishing-licences": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fishing-licences", + "title": "Buy a rod fishing licence", + "content": "## When you need a licence\n\nYou must have a rod fishing licence for England and Wales if you\u2019re fishing for salmon, trout, freshwater fish, smelt or eel with a rod and line in:\n\n- England (except the River Tweed)\n\n- Wales\n\n- the Border Esk region, including the parts of the river that are in Scotland\n\nYou can get a fine of up to \u00a32,500 if you\u2019re fishing in these areas and cannot show a valid rod fishing licence when asked.\n\nThere are different rules for fishing in the rest of Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nChildren under 13 do not need a licence.\n\nLicences for children aged between 13 and 16 are free. You\u2019ll still need to get a junior licence.\n\n## Other permissions and licences you may need\n\nYou also need:\n\n- permission from the landowner to fish on private land\n\n- an additional licence to fish in locks or weirs on the River Thames\n\nYou must follow national and local rules (byelaws) when freshwater fishing with a rod and line in England and Wales. There may be more rules on private land.\n\n## Types of licences and rod limits\n\n## Trout, coarse fish and eel licence\n\nThis lets you fish non-migratory trout and all freshwater fish.\n\nYou must use your licence in one of the following ways. You can choose to fish with:\n\n- 1 rod for non-migratory trout in rivers, streams, drains and canals\n\n- up to 2 rods for non-migratory trout in reservoirs, lakes and ponds\n\n- up to 2 rods for freshwater fish\n\nYou can also buy a 12-month licence that lets you use 3 rods for freshwater fish.\n\nThe place where you fish may have additional rules about how many rods you can use there.\n\n## Salmon and sea trout licence\n\nThis lets you fish salmon, sea trout, non-migratory trout and all freshwater fish.\n\nYou must use your licence in one of 3 ways. You can choose to fish with:\n\n- 1 rod for salmon, sea trout and non-migratory trout in rivers, streams and canals\n\n- up to 2 rods for salmon, sea trout and non-migratory trout in reservoirs, lakes and ponds\n\n- up to 3 rods for freshwater fish\n\nYou must report a catch return every year even if you did not fish.\n\nThe place where you fish may have additional rules about how many rods you can use there.\n\n## Rods that are not affected by licence limits\n\nThe following rods are not affected by licence limits unless they have hooks attached:\n\n- spod rods (used to propel bait into water)\n\n- marker rods (used to mark out lines)\n\n## Buy a rod fishing licence for England and Wales\n\nYou can buy a 1-day, 8-day or 12-month licence online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- a debit or credit card\n\n- your Blue Badge or National Insurance number, if you have a disability and you\u2019re applying for a 12-month licence\n\n- the other person\u2019s details (such as date of birth), if you\u2019re buying for someone else\n\nYour licence can start on any date within 30 days of the day you buy it.\n\nLicence prices depend on the type of fish you are fishing for and the number of rods you use.\n\n| Licence type | Trout and coarse up to 2-rod | Trout and coarse 3-rod | Salmon and sea trout |\n\n| 1-day | \u00a36 | Not available | \u00a312 |\n\n| 8-day | \u00a312 | Not available | \u00a327 |\n\n| 12-month | \u00a330 | \u00a345 | \u00a382 |\n\n| 12-month - over 65 or disabled | \u00a320 | \u00a330 | \u00a354 |\n\n| 12-month - junior (13 to 16) | Free | Free | Free |\n\nThere are no discounted prices for a 1-day or an 8-day licence.\n\nYou need different permissions or licences to fish in most of Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nBuy now\n\n## Eligibility for disabled licences\n\nYou can get a discounted 12-month disabled licence if you have a Blue Badge or get Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment (any rate).\n\nIf you\u2019re under 16 and have a disability you can choose to have the fact you are disabled noted on your junior rod licence. This may help you prove your eligibility for discounts or assisted access at fisheries.\n\nGive your Blue Badge or National Insurance number (or child reference number if you\u2019re under 16) when you apply.\n\n## Other ways to buy a licence\n\nYou can also buy adult licences:\n\n- at a Post Office\n\n- by calling the Environment Agency\n\nYou cannot get a junior licence at the Post Office or over the phone. You must apply online.\n\n## If you have not received your 12-month licence\n\nContact the Environment Agency if you do not get your licence within 15 working days.\n\n## Extend a licence\n\nTo change a 1-day or 8-day licence to a 12-month licence, call the Environment Agency within 14 days of buying it. You\u2019ll need to buy a new licence but you\u2019ll get a refund for the first one you bought.\n\n## Replace a licence or update your details\n\nContact the Environment Agency:\n\n- if you have questions about your licence\n\n- to replace a licence\n\n- to update your details if you\u2019ve changed your name or address\n\n## Fishing in Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\n## Fishing in Scotland\n\nYou do not need a licence to fish with rod and line anywhere in Scotland apart from in the Border Esk region.\n\nYou only need permission from the landowner or an angling club.\n\nAs the Border Esk flows into England you need to buy a rod fishing licence for England and Wales to fish any part of it, including the parts of the river and its tributaries that are in Scotland.\n\n## Fishing in Northern Ireland\n\nYou must have a rod licence and angling permit from a Northern Irish agency to fish in Northern Ireland.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you need a licence

    ", + "

    You must have a rod fishing licence for England and Wales if you\u2019re fishing for salmon, trout, freshwater fish, smelt or eel with a rod and line in:

    ", + "
  • England (except the River Tweed)
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • the Border Esk region, including the parts of the river that are in Scotland
    • ", + "

    You can get a fine of up to \u00a32,500 if you\u2019re fishing in these areas and cannot show a valid rod fishing licence when asked.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for fishing in the rest of Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Children under 13 do not need a licence.

    ", + "

    Licences for children aged between 13 and 16 are free. You\u2019ll still need to get a junior licence.

    ", + "

    Other permissions and licences you may need

    ", + "

    You also need:

    ", + "
  • permission from the landowner to fish on private land
    • ", + "
  • an additional licence to fish in locks or weirs on the River Thames
    • ", + "

    You must follow national and local rules (byelaws) when freshwater fishing with a rod and line in England and Wales. There may be more rules on private land.

    ", + "

    Types of licences and rod limits

    ", + "

    Trout, coarse fish and eel licence

    ", + "

    This lets you fish non-migratory trout and all freshwater fish.

    ", + "

    You must use your licence in one of the following ways. You can choose to fish with:

    ", + "
  • 1 rod for non-migratory trout in rivers, streams, drains and canals
    • ", + "
  • up to 2 rods for non-migratory trout in reservoirs, lakes and ponds
    • ", + "
  • up to 2 rods for freshwater fish
    • ", + "

    You can also buy a 12-month licence that lets you use 3 rods for freshwater fish.

    ", + "

    The place where you fish may have additional rules about how many rods you can use there.

    ", + "

    Salmon and sea trout licence

    ", + "

    This lets you fish salmon, sea trout, non-migratory trout and all freshwater fish.

    ", + "

    You must use your licence in one of 3 ways. You can choose to fish with:

    ", + "
  • 1 rod for salmon, sea trout and non-migratory trout in rivers, streams and canals
    • ", + "
  • up to 2 rods for salmon, sea trout and non-migratory trout in reservoirs, lakes and ponds
    • ", + "
  • up to 3 rods for freshwater fish
    • ", + "

    You must report a catch return every year even if you did not fish.

    ", + "

    The place where you fish may have additional rules about how many rods you can use there.

    ", + "

    Rods that are not affected by licence limits

    ", + "

    The following rods are not affected by licence limits unless they have hooks attached:

    ", + "
  • spod rods (used to propel bait into water)
    • ", + "
  • marker rods (used to mark out lines)
    • ", + "

    Buy a rod fishing licence for England and Wales

    ", + "

    You can buy a 1-day, 8-day or 12-month licence online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a debit or credit card
    • ", + "
  • your Blue Badge or National Insurance number, if you have a disability and you\u2019re applying for a 12-month licence
    • ", + "
  • the other person\u2019s details (such as date of birth), if you\u2019re buying for someone else
    • ", + "

    Your licence can start on any date within 30 days of the day you buy it.

    ", + "

    Licence prices depend on the type of fish you are fishing for and the number of rods you use.

    ", + "Licence type | Trout and coarse up to 2-rod | Trout and coarse 3-rod | Salmon and sea trout", + "1-day | \u00a36 | Not available | \u00a312", + "8-day | \u00a312 | Not available | \u00a327", + "12-month | \u00a330 | \u00a345 | \u00a382", + "12-month - over 65 or disabled | \u00a320 | \u00a330 | \u00a354", + "12-month - junior (13 to 16) | Free | Free | Free", + "

    There are no discounted prices for a 1-day or an 8-day licence.

    ", + "

    You need different permissions or licences to fish in most of Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Buy now

    ", + "

    Eligibility for disabled licences

    ", + "

    You can get a discounted 12-month disabled licence if you have a Blue Badge or get Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment (any rate).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 16 and have a disability you can choose to have the fact you are disabled noted on your junior rod licence. This may help you prove your eligibility for discounts or assisted access at fisheries.

    ", + "

    Give your Blue Badge or National Insurance number (or child reference number if you\u2019re under 16) when you apply.

    ", + "

    Other ways to buy a licence

    ", + "

    You can also buy adult licences:

    ", + "
  • at a Post Office
    • ", + "
  • by calling the Environment Agency
    • ", + "

    You cannot get a junior licence at the Post Office or over the phone. You must apply online.

    ", + "

    If you have not received your 12-month licence

    ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency if you do not get your licence within 15 working days.

    ", + "

    Extend a licence

    ", + "

    To change a 1-day or 8-day licence to a 12-month licence, call the Environment Agency within 14 days of buying it. You\u2019ll need to buy a new licence but you\u2019ll get a refund for the first one you bought.

    ", + "

    Replace a licence or update your details

    ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency:

    ", + "
  • if you have questions about your licence
    • ", + "
  • to replace a licence
    • ", + "
  • to update your details if you\u2019ve changed your name or address
    • ", + "

    Fishing in Scotland and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Fishing in Scotland

    ", + "

    You do not need a licence to fish with rod and line anywhere in Scotland apart from in the Border Esk region.

    ", + "

    You only need permission from the landowner or an angling club.

    ", + "

    As the Border Esk flows into England you need to buy a rod fishing licence for England and Wales to fish any part of it, including the parts of the river and its tributaries that are in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Fishing in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You must have a rod licence and angling permit from a Northern Irish agency to fish in Northern Ireland.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/freshwater-rod-fishing-rules": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/freshwater-rod-fishing-rules", + "title": "Freshwater rod fishing rules", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must follow national and local rules (byelaws) when freshwater fishing with a rod and line in England and Wales.\n\nThese rules are aimed at protecting fish stocks and making fisheries sustainable.\n\nFreshwater fish include salmon, trout, coarse fish and eels.\n\nYou must have a rod licence to fish in England and Wales if you\u2019re aged 13 or older.\n\n## Find out which rules apply to your area\n\nEngland and Wales are broken down into regions that each have their own rules. National rules are included in each set of local rules.\n\nThere may also be rules for privately owned bodies of water, such as private fishing lakes.\n\n## Read the rules for your area\n\nRead the local byelaws for your area to find out the:\n\n- areas in your region where you\u2019re not allowed to fish\n\n- closed seasons (when you can\u2019t fish) which apply to particular types of water and fish within your region\n\n- sort of tackle you can use for certain fish in your region\n\n- size of fish you can keep\n\nRead the local byelaws for your region - there are different regulations for Wales.\n\n## When and where you can fish\n\n\u2018Close seasons\u2019 are seasons when you can\u2019t fish for some types of fish on certain types of water.\n\nFor example, you can\u2019t fish for coarse fish on any river in England and Wales from 15 March to 15 June.\n\n## Reservoirs, lakes and ponds (\u2018enclosed stillwaters\u2019) and canals\n\nYou can fish for coarse fish, eels, rainbow trout and brown trout on most enclosed stillwaters and canals all year.\n\nRead the local byelaws to check your area.\n\n## Rivers, streams, drains or waterways (other than canals)\n\nYou can\u2019t fish for coarse fish and eels on rivers from the 15 March to 15 June (you can fish for eel in some areas - read the local byelaws).\n\nYou need to read the local byelaws for close seasons for salmon, brown trout and rainbow trout on rivers.\n\nPrivately owned bodies of water can also have their own close seasons.\n\n## Lock and weir fishing on the Thames\n\nYou must have an additional permit to fish locks and weirs on the Thames.\n\n## Game fishing during the coarse fish close season\n\nYou can fish for salmon, trout and other game fish during the coarse fish close season. You have to use certain types of lures and baits in some areas however.\n\n## Midlands, Yorkshire, and the north-east and north-west of England\n\nYou can only use natural or artificial fly, minnow, worm, shrimp, prawn, sand eel or artificial lures during close season.\n\n## South-east of England\n\nYou can only use artificial fly. In the Thames area, you can apply for permission from the Environment Agency to also use minnow caught in a minnow trap if used on the same waters.\n\n## Wales or the south-west of England\n\nRead the local byelaws for Wales or the south-west of England.\n\n## Fish size and catch limits\n\nYou\u2019re only allowed to keep a certain amount of the fish you catch.\n\nThese fish must also be of a certain size.\n\nYou must return fish you can\u2019t keep to the water unharmed.\n\nYou\u2019re committing an offence and can be fined if you take too many fish or fish that aren\u2019t the right size.\n\n## Size limits\n\nWhether you can keep a fish depends on:\n\n- the type of fish\n\n- where you\u2019re fishing\n\nRead the local byelaws for your region.\n\nYou must measure fish from the tip of the snout to the fork of the tail.\n\n## Catch limits\n\nThere\u2019s a daily limit on the number of fish you can take.\n\n## Coarse (freshwater) fish\n\nEach day you can only take from rivers:\n\n- 1 pike (up to 65cm)\n\n- 2 grayling (30cm to 38cm)\n\n- 15 small fish (up to 20cm) including barbel, chub, common bream, common carp, crucian carp, dace, perch, rudd, silver bream, roach, smelt and tench\n\nAny eels you catch (except conger eels) must be released alive.\n\nYou can also take:\n\n- minor or \u2018tiddler\u2019 species, such as gudgeon\n\n- non-native species\n\n- ornamental varieties of native species like ghost or koi carp\n\nYou can be fined if you remove fish from privately-owned waters without written permission from the owner.\n\n## Salmon and trout\n\nRead your local byelaws for the local daily limit of salmon and trout you can take.\n\nYou can be fined for selling rod-caught salmon or sea trout in England and Wales.\n\n## Tackle you can use\n\nThere are rules on how many rods you can use at a time, and the types of lures, bait, nets and weights.\n\nRead the local byelaws for your region.\n\n## Fishing rods\n\nThe number of rods you can use at the same time depends on the water you\u2019re fishing in and the fish you\u2019re trying to catch.\n\nYou must make sure that the distance between the butts of the outermost rods isn\u2019t more than 3 metres when fishing with multiple rods and lines.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to leave a rod and line in the water unattended or over which you don\u2019t have sufficient control.\n\n## Lures, bait and tackle\n\nIn England and Wales you must not:\n\n- use crayfish as bait\n\n- use another fish you\u2019ve taken as bait unless you\u2019re doing so on the same waters where you caught it\n\n- keep fish you\u2019ve foul hooked (caught with a hook puncturing anywhere but the fish\u2019s mouth or throat) - these must be returned alive\n\n- use a gaff (a pole with a large hook at the end) or a tailer (a loop of cable or wire at the end of a pole)\n\nBefore 16 June you can only use artificial lure and artificial fly to fish for salmon, which must be returned unharmed to the water.\n\nDispose of your tackle safely to avoid harm to wildlife.\n\n## Lead weights\n\nYou can only use lead weights if they\u2019re .06 grams or less or more than 28.35 grams. This means lead shot weights from size 14 to size 8 and lead weights over 1 ounce.\n\nLead is toxic to birds, so if you\u2019re using lead dust shot make sure the containers are spill proof.\n\n## Keepnets, keepsacks and landing nets\n\nKeepnets must:\n\n- have no knotted meshes or meshes of metallic material\n\n- have holes smaller than 25mm\n\n- be more than 2 metres long\n\n- have supporting rings or frames less than 40cm apart and more than 120cm in circumference\n\nA keepsack must be:\n\n- made from a soft, dark coloured, non-abrasive and water permeable fabric\n\n- at least 120cm by 90cm if rectangular\n\n- at least 150cm by 30cm by 40cm if used with a frame\n\n- used to hold no more than one fish at a time\n\n## Landing nets\n\nYou can\u2019t use a landing net with any meshes that are knotted or made of metallic material.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must follow national and local rules (byelaws) when freshwater fishing with a rod and line in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    These rules are aimed at protecting fish stocks and making fisheries sustainable.

    ", + "

    Freshwater fish include salmon, trout, coarse fish and eels.

    ", + "

    You must have a rod licence to fish in England and Wales if you\u2019re aged 13 or older.

    ", + "

    Find out which rules apply to your area

    ", + "

    England and Wales are broken down into regions that each have their own rules. National rules are included in each set of local rules.

    ", + "

    There may also be rules for privately owned bodies of water, such as private fishing lakes.

    ", + "

    Read the rules for your area

    ", + "

    Read the local byelaws for your area to find out the:

    ", + "
  • areas in your region where you\u2019re not allowed to fish
    • ", + "
  • closed seasons (when you can\u2019t fish) which apply to particular types of water and fish within your region
    • ", + "
  • sort of tackle you can use for certain fish in your region
    • ", + "
  • size of fish you can keep
    • ", + "

    Read the local byelaws for your region - there are different regulations for Wales.

    ", + "

    When and where you can fish

    ", + "

    \u2018Close seasons\u2019 are seasons when you can\u2019t fish for some types of fish on certain types of water.

    ", + "

    For example, you can\u2019t fish for coarse fish on any river in England and Wales from 15 March to 15 June.

    ", + "

    Reservoirs, lakes and ponds (\u2018enclosed stillwaters\u2019) and canals

    ", + "

    You can fish for coarse fish, eels, rainbow trout and brown trout on most enclosed stillwaters and canals all year.

    ", + "

    Read the local byelaws to check your area.

    ", + "

    Rivers, streams, drains or waterways (other than canals)

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t fish for coarse fish and eels on rivers from the 15 March to 15 June (you can fish for eel in some areas - read the local byelaws).

    ", + "

    You need to read the local byelaws for close seasons for salmon, brown trout and rainbow trout on rivers.

    ", + "

    Privately owned bodies of water can also have their own close seasons.

    ", + "

    Lock and weir fishing on the Thames

    ", + "

    You must have an additional permit to fish locks and weirs on the Thames.

    ", + "

    Game fishing during the coarse fish close season

    ", + "

    You can fish for salmon, trout and other game fish during the coarse fish close season. You have to use certain types of lures and baits in some areas however.

    ", + "

    Midlands, Yorkshire, and the north-east and north-west of England

    ", + "

    You can only use natural or artificial fly, minnow, worm, shrimp, prawn, sand eel or artificial lures during close season.

    ", + "

    South-east of England

    ", + "

    You can only use artificial fly. In the Thames area, you can apply for permission from the Environment Agency to also use minnow caught in a minnow trap if used on the same waters.

    ", + "

    Wales or the south-west of England

    ", + "

    Read the local byelaws for Wales or the south-west of England.

    ", + "

    Fish size and catch limits

    ", + "

    You\u2019re only allowed to keep a certain amount of the fish you catch.

    ", + "

    These fish must also be of a certain size.

    ", + "

    You must return fish you can\u2019t keep to the water unharmed.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re committing an offence and can be fined if you take too many fish or fish that aren\u2019t the right size.

    ", + "

    Size limits

    ", + "

    Whether you can keep a fish depends on:

    ", + "
  • the type of fish
    • ", + "
  • where you\u2019re fishing
    • ", + "

    Read the local byelaws for your region.

    ", + "

    You must measure fish from the tip of the snout to the fork of the tail.

    ", + "

    Catch limits

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a daily limit on the number of fish you can take.

    ", + "

    Coarse (freshwater) fish

    ", + "

    Each day you can only take from rivers:

    ", + "
  • 1 pike (up to 65cm)
    • ", + "
  • 2 grayling (30cm to 38cm)
    • ", + "
  • 15 small fish (up to 20cm) including barbel, chub, common bream, common carp, crucian carp, dace, perch, rudd, silver bream, roach, smelt and tench
    • ", + "

    Any eels you catch (except conger eels) must be released alive.

    ", + "

    You can also take:

    ", + "
  • minor or \u2018tiddler\u2019 species, such as gudgeon
    • ", + "
  • non-native species
    • ", + "
  • ornamental varieties of native species like ghost or koi carp
    • ", + "

    You can be fined if you remove fish from privately-owned waters without written permission from the owner.

    ", + "

    Salmon and trout

    ", + "

    Read your local byelaws for the local daily limit of salmon and trout you can take.

    ", + "

    You can be fined for selling rod-caught salmon or sea trout in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    Tackle you can use

    ", + "

    There are rules on how many rods you can use at a time, and the types of lures, bait, nets and weights.

    ", + "

    Read the local byelaws for your region.

    ", + "

    Fishing rods

    ", + "

    The number of rods you can use at the same time depends on the water you\u2019re fishing in and the fish you\u2019re trying to catch.

    ", + "

    You must make sure that the distance between the butts of the outermost rods isn\u2019t more than 3 metres when fishing with multiple rods and lines.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to leave a rod and line in the water unattended or over which you don\u2019t have sufficient control.

    ", + "

    Lures, bait and tackle

    ", + "

    In England and Wales you must not:

    ", + "
  • use crayfish as bait
    • ", + "
  • use another fish you\u2019ve taken as bait unless you\u2019re doing so on the same waters where you caught it
    • ", + "
  • keep fish you\u2019ve foul hooked (caught with a hook puncturing anywhere but the fish\u2019s mouth or throat) - these must be returned alive
    • ", + "
  • use a gaff (a pole with a large hook at the end) or a tailer (a loop of cable or wire at the end of a pole)
    • ", + "

    Before 16 June you can only use artificial lure and artificial fly to fish for salmon, which must be returned unharmed to the water.

    ", + "

    Dispose of your tackle safely to avoid harm to wildlife.

    ", + "

    Lead weights

    ", + "

    You can only use lead weights if they\u2019re .06 grams or less or more than 28.35 grams. This means lead shot weights from size 14 to size 8 and lead weights over 1 ounce.

    ", + "

    Lead is toxic to birds, so if you\u2019re using lead dust shot make sure the containers are spill proof.

    ", + "

    Keepnets, keepsacks and landing nets

    ", + "

    Keepnets must:

    ", + "
  • have no knotted meshes or meshes of metallic material
    • ", + "
  • have holes smaller than 25mm
    • ", + "
  • be more than 2 metres long
    • ", + "
  • have supporting rings or frames less than 40cm apart and more than 120cm in circumference
    • ", + "

    A keepsack must be:

    ", + "
  • made from a soft, dark coloured, non-abrasive and water permeable fabric
    • ", + "
  • at least 120cm by 90cm if rectangular
    • ", + "
  • at least 150cm by 30cm by 40cm if used with a frame
    • ", + "
  • used to hold no more than one fish at a time
    • ", + "

    Landing nets

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use a landing net with any meshes that are knotted or made of metallic material.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/hunting": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hunting", + "title": "Hunting and shooting wildlife", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must follow the rules for hunting and shooting wildlife including:\n\n- what you can hunt or shoot\n\n- when you can do it\n\n- what equipment you can use\n\nYou can be fined or jailed for hunting illegally or causing unnecessary suffering to an animal.\n\nYou must have permission from the land owner.\n\n## Firearms and shotgun certificates\n\nYou must get a certificate to use a shotgun, rifle or other firearm.\n\nYou don\u2019t need a certificate for:\n\n- air rifles up to 12ft lb in power\n\n- air pistols up to 6ft lb in power\n\nYou can\u2019t use:\n\n- bows or crossbows\n\n- explosives (other than the legal ammunition for a firearm)\n\n## Managing wildlife and controlling pests\n\nThere are different rules about what you can do to manage wildlife on your land or control pests on your property.\n\n## Birds\n\nYou can shoot certain species of game birds, quarry birds and waterfowl but only during the shooting season.\n\nSometimes you can only shoot in certain locations, for example you can\u2019t shoot some waterfowl above the high water line.\n\nYou can\u2019t shoot birds in the closed season.\n\nYou must get a falconry licence to hunt birds with a falcon.\n\n## Equipment\n\nIf you\u2019re using a shotgun to shoot birds, the internal diameter of the shotgun can\u2019t be more than 1.75 inches.\n\nYou can\u2019t use:\n\n- a firearm that can hold more than 2 rounds of ammunition in the magazine (such as an automatic or semi-automatic weapon)\n\n- artificial lighting\n\n- a sighting device for night shooting, or a device for lighting up targets\n\n## Mammals\n\nThere are different rules for foxes, deer and other mammals.\n\n## Foxes\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to hunt foxes with a pack of dogs. You can use dogs to simulate hunting, for example \u2018drag\u2019 or \u2018trail\u2019 hunting.\n\nYou can use up to 2 dogs to chase (\u2018flush\u2019 or \u2018stalk\u2019) foxes out of hiding if the fox is causing damage to your property or the environment.\n\nYour dogs can\u2019t go underground to find the foxes unless they\u2019re threatening wild or game birds kept for shooting - only one dog can go underground at any time.\n\nYou must:\n\n- shoot the fox quickly after it\u2019s been found\n\n- carry proof you own the land you\u2019re shooting on or written permission from the landowner\n\nYou can be fined, and your dogs or hunting equipment taken away, if you break the law.\n\nThere are other ways you can control foxes if they\u2019re causing damage to your property or the environment.\n\n## Deer\n\nYou must follow the restrictions on when you can shoot deer and what type of firearms and ammunition you can use.\n\nYou need a licence to shoot deer:\n\n- in the closed season\n\n- at night (at any time of the year)\n\nYou can\u2019t use a vehicle to chase deer.\n\n## Other mammals\n\nYou can hunt or shoot some other mammals.\n\nThere are rules on when you can hunt or shoot and what equipment you can use.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must follow the rules for hunting and shooting wildlife including:

    ", + "
  • what you can hunt or shoot
    • ", + "
  • when you can do it
    • ", + "
  • what equipment you can use
    • ", + "

    You can be fined or jailed for hunting illegally or causing unnecessary suffering to an animal.

    ", + "

    You must have permission from the land owner.

    ", + "

    Firearms and shotgun certificates

    ", + "

    You must get a certificate to use a shotgun, rifle or other firearm.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a certificate for:

    ", + "
  • air rifles up to 12ft lb in power
    • ", + "
  • air pistols up to 6ft lb in power
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t use:

    ", + "
  • bows or crossbows
    • ", + "
  • explosives (other than the legal ammunition for a firearm)
    • ", + "

    Managing wildlife and controlling pests

    ", + "

    There are different rules about what you can do to manage wildlife on your land or control pests on your property.

    ", + "

    Birds

    ", + "

    You can shoot certain species of game birds, quarry birds and waterfowl but only during the shooting season.

    ", + "

    Sometimes you can only shoot in certain locations, for example you can\u2019t shoot some waterfowl above the high water line.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t shoot birds in the closed season.

    ", + "

    You must get a falconry licence to hunt birds with a falcon.

    ", + "

    Equipment

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using a shotgun to shoot birds, the internal diameter of the shotgun can\u2019t be more than 1.75 inches.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use:

    ", + "
  • a firearm that can hold more than 2 rounds of ammunition in the magazine (such as an automatic or semi-automatic weapon)
    • ", + "
  • artificial lighting
    • ", + "
  • a sighting device for night shooting, or a device for lighting up targets
    • ", + "

    Mammals

    ", + "

    There are different rules for foxes, deer and other mammals.

    ", + "

    Foxes

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to hunt foxes with a pack of dogs. You can use dogs to simulate hunting, for example \u2018drag\u2019 or \u2018trail\u2019 hunting.

    ", + "

    You can use up to 2 dogs to chase (\u2018flush\u2019 or \u2018stalk\u2019) foxes out of hiding if the fox is causing damage to your property or the environment.

    ", + "

    Your dogs can\u2019t go underground to find the foxes unless they\u2019re threatening wild or game birds kept for shooting - only one dog can go underground at any time.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • shoot the fox quickly after it\u2019s been found
    • ", + "
  • carry proof you own the land you\u2019re shooting on or written permission from the landowner
    • ", + "

    You can be fined, and your dogs or hunting equipment taken away, if you break the law.

    ", + "

    There are other ways you can control foxes if they\u2019re causing damage to your property or the environment.

    ", + "

    Deer

    ", + "

    You must follow the restrictions on when you can shoot deer and what type of firearms and ammunition you can use.

    ", + "

    You need a licence to shoot deer:

    ", + "
  • in the closed season
    • ", + "
  • at night (at any time of the year)
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t use a vehicle to chase deer.

    ", + "

    Other mammals

    ", + "

    You can hunt or shoot some other mammals.

    ", + "

    There are rules on when you can hunt or shoot and what equipment you can use.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-for-flooding": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-for-flooding", + "title": "Prepare for flooding", + "content": "## If you\u2019re about to be flooded\n\nCheck the National Flood Forum or speak to a Floodline adviser to find out how to stay safe during a flood.\n\nYou can check if there\u2019s currently a flood warning in your area.\n\n## Sandbags\n\nContact your local council to find out where to get sandbags. You can also get them from some DIY or building supplies shops.\n\n## If you need to travel\n\nCheck flood warnings and road travel information.\n\n## Protect yourself from future flooding\n\nPlan how you\u2019ll respond to a flood. Use a template to make a:\n\n- personal flood plan\n\n- community or group flood plan - if you\u2019re responsible for an organisation such as a school, hospital, care home or community group\n\n- business flood plan\n\n## Protect your property\n\nYou can:\n\n- get advice from the National Flood Forum about how to protect your property and how much this will cost\n\n- find flood protection products and services at Blue Pages\n\nYou may need permission to do work that will affect the flow of a river or divert flood water.\n\n## If you own a riverside property\n\nIf you own property next to a watercourse, for example a river, culvert, brook or mill stream, you must:\n\n- maintain river beds and banks\n\n- not obstruct the water flow\n\nRead guidance on the rights and responsibilities of owning a riverside property.\n\nContact the Environment Agency if you have questions about your responsibilities.\n\n## If your property\u2019s next to a canal\n\nContact the Canal and River Trust to check who\u2019s responsible for maintaining the canal.\n\n## If you have a disability or need extra help\n\nAsk your council if you can be put on a list to get extra help during a flood.\n\nCitizens Advice can help make sure you\u2019ll get support if your energy supply is affected.\n\nAsk Floodline to send flood warnings to a friend or relative on your behalf.\n\n## Get insurance\n\nYou can:\n\n- find lower-cost home insurance through Flood Re if you\u2019re in a flood-risk area\n\n- get insurance advice from the National Flood Forum\n\n- find a broker that specialises in properties that are difficult to insure\n\n## Get evidence of flood risk\n\nContact the Environment Agency if your insurer asks for evidence of your flood risk.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter within 20 days. It\u2019s free for individuals and businesses.\n\n## If you\u2019ve done work on your property\n\nYou or a surveyor can complete a Flood Risk Report. This will tell insurers or buyers how the work has reduced the flood risk.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    If you\u2019re about to be flooded

    ", + "

    Check the National Flood Forum or speak to a Floodline adviser to find out how to stay safe during a flood.

    ", + "

    You can check if there\u2019s currently a flood warning in your area.

    ", + "

    Sandbags

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to find out where to get sandbags. You can also get them from some DIY or building supplies shops.

    ", + "

    If you need to travel

    ", + "

    Check flood warnings and road travel information.

    ", + "

    Protect yourself from future flooding

    ", + "

    Plan how you\u2019ll respond to a flood. Use a template to make a:

    ", + "
  • personal flood plan
    • ", + "
  • community or group flood plan - if you\u2019re responsible for an organisation such as a school, hospital, care home or community group
    • ", + "
  • business flood plan
    • ", + "

    Protect your property

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • get advice from the National Flood Forum about how to protect your property and how much this will cost
    • ", + "
  • find flood protection products and services at Blue Pages
    • ", + "

    You may need permission to do work that will affect the flow of a river or divert flood water.

    ", + "

    If you own a riverside property

    ", + "

    If you own property next to a watercourse, for example a river, culvert, brook or mill stream, you must:

    ", + "
  • maintain river beds and banks
    • ", + "
  • not obstruct the water flow
    • ", + "

    Read guidance on the rights and responsibilities of owning a riverside property.

    ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency if you have questions about your responsibilities.

    ", + "

    If your property\u2019s next to a canal

    ", + "

    Contact the Canal and River Trust to check who\u2019s responsible for maintaining the canal.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability or need extra help

    ", + "

    Ask your council if you can be put on a list to get extra help during a flood.

    ", + "

    Citizens Advice can help make sure you\u2019ll get support if your energy supply is affected.

    ", + "

    Ask Floodline to send flood warnings to a friend or relative on your behalf.

    ", + "

    Get insurance

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • find lower-cost home insurance through Flood Re if you\u2019re in a flood-risk area
    • ", + "
  • get insurance advice from the National Flood Forum
    • ", + "
  • find a broker that specialises in properties that are difficult to insure
    • ", + "

    Get evidence of flood risk

    ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency if your insurer asks for evidence of your flood risk.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter within 20 days. It\u2019s free for individuals and businesses.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve done work on your property

    ", + "

    You or a surveyor can complete a Flood Risk Report. This will tell insurers or buyers how the work has reduced the flood risk.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/electricalwaste-producer-supplier-responsibilities": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/electricalwaste-producer-supplier-responsibilities", + "title": "Electrical waste: retailer and distributor responsibilities", + "content": "## Your responsibilities\n\nYou have certain responsibilities if you sell electrical and electronic equipment (EEE).\n\nYou must provide a way for your customers to dispose of their old household electrical and electronic equipment when you sell them a new version of the same item.\n\nThe waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations apply regardless of how you sell the products, whether direct or by internet, mail order or telephone.\n\nYou must either:\n\n- provide a free, in store, take back service to your customers\n\n- set up an alternative, free take back service\n\nIf you do not have your own take back service, you must join the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS).\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you do not comply with the regulations.\n\n## Tell your customers which service you provide\n\nYou must provide free written information to your customers on:\n\n- which take back service you provide, including collect on delivery\n\n- how they can reuse and recycle electrical and electronic equipment\n\n- why this waste needs to be separated from other waste\n\n- the damaging effects of not recycling electrical and electronic equipment\n\n- the meaning of the crossed-out wheelie bin symbol\n\n## Shops\n\nYou can provide this information by, for example:\n\n- displaying posters in your store about which service you provide\n\n- including information leaflets with the electrical and electronic equipment you sell\n\n## Online retailers\n\nYou must publish this information on your website. You can download free customer information if you offer a take back service. DTS members can get these from the scheme.\n\nYou have other responsibilities if you\u2019re a \u2018producer\u2019 - for example you make and sell EEE under your own brand, or sell it in UK from abroad.\n\n## Take back waste in store\n\nYou must offer to take back waste of the same type as the item your customers buy from you, regardless of:\n\n- whether they buy in-store, online or by mail order\n\n- the brand of the item\n\nYou must also take back items that have the same function. For example, you would:\n\n- take back a customer\u2019s old kettle when they buy a new one\n\n- take back a video player if the customer buys a DVD player\n\nYou must:\n\n- offer the in-store service for free - but you can charge to cover transport costs if you\u2019re collecting items from customers\u2019 homes\n\n- give customers at least 28 days to bring back their waste item\n\n- take back all types of electrical and electronic equipment that you sell - you can choose to extend your service to cover all kinds of electrical and electronic waste\n\n## Small electronic equipment\n\n\u2018Very small WEEE\u2019 are items of waste electrical and electronic equipment that are less than 25cm on their longest side.\n\nYou must take back all items of \u2018very small WEEE\u2019 in store if your electrical and electronic equipment sales area is greater than 400 square metres including aisle, display and shelf space.\n\nYou must provide this service to everyone for free, regardless of whether they\u2019ve bought anything from your store.\n\nYou\u2019re exempt if you\u2019ve joined the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) or an assessment shows you already have an effective system.\n\n## Store waste\n\nCheck the conditions to see if you can store the waste temporarily before you dispose of it.\n\n## Dispose of waste\n\nTo dispose of the waste you\u2019ve collected you can do one of the following.\n\n## Producer compliance schemes\n\nContact a producer compliance scheme (PCS).\n\nThe PCS will arrange for the waste to be recycled or prepared for re-use at an Approved Authorised Treatment Facility (AATF).\n\nYou may be charged for the collection and transportation of the waste to the AATF or the PCS collection point.\n\n## Transport the waste yourself\n\nYou can transport the waste to an AATF or PCS collection point yourself.\n\nYou need to register as a waste carrier in:\n\n- England\n\n- Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nYou may also need to follow the rules on transporting hazardous waste in:\n\n- England and Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n## Keep records\n\nYou must keep records of all electrical and electronic waste that you collect and dispose of - you can use a template.\n\nInclude the number of units you\u2019ve received through take back and say how many of these were returned to a PCS.\n\nYou need to keep all documentation you make, or are given by the PCS or the AATF, when you dispose of electrical and electronic waste.\n\nYou also need to keep records of how you tell customers about your take back scheme.\n\nKeep all your records for 4 years.\n\n## Set up an alternative take back service\n\nYou can set up a \u2018designated collection facility\u2019 (DCF) where your customers can take all types of electrical and electronic waste.\n\nYou can do this on your own or with other distributors.\n\nYou must follow the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, other waste management legislation and local planning requirements when managing a DCF.\n\nYou must agree with a producer compliance scheme (PCS) to return the electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) direct to an Approved Authorised Treatment Facility (AATF).\n\n## Use the Distributor Takeback Scheme\n\nYou can use the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) instead of providing a takeback service, if either of the following apply:\n\n- your business sells less than \u00a3100,000 of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) per year\n\n- you only sell online\n\nIf your business sells \u00a3100,000 or more of EEE per year and has physical stores, you cannot use the DTS after 31 December 2020. You\u2019ll need to take back waste in store or set up an alternative collection point instead.\n\n## How the scheme works\n\nYou pay a fee that covers your waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) obligations until 31 December 2021. The amount you pay depends on:\n\n- the size of your business\n\n- whether you only sell online\n\n- how much EEE you sell\n\nThis money goes towards supporting the recycling centres run by local authorities.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep a record of what information you give to your customers about where they should take their WEEE.\n\n## If you do not comply\n\nIf you fail to comply with the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, you can be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a35,000 at a magistrates\u2019 court, or get an unlimited fine from a Crown Court.\n\nYou may sometimes get warning letters and formal cautions before a prosecution.\n\nThe Office for Product Safety and Standards enforces these regulations. You can contact them online, call or write to them.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You have certain responsibilities if you sell electrical and electronic equipment (EEE).

    ", + "

    You must provide a way for your customers to dispose of their old household electrical and electronic equipment when you sell them a new version of the same item.

    ", + "

    The waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations apply regardless of how you sell the products, whether direct or by internet, mail order or telephone.

    ", + "

    You must either:

    ", + "
  • provide a free, in store, take back service to your customers
    • ", + "
  • set up an alternative, free take back service
    • ", + "

    If you do not have your own take back service, you must join the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS).

    ", + "

    You can be prosecuted if you do not comply with the regulations.

    ", + "

    Tell your customers which service you provide

    ", + "

    You must provide free written information to your customers on:

    ", + "
  • which take back service you provide, including collect on delivery
    • ", + "
  • how they can reuse and recycle electrical and electronic equipment
    • ", + "
  • why this waste needs to be separated from other waste
    • ", + "
  • the damaging effects of not recycling electrical and electronic equipment
    • ", + "
  • the meaning of the crossed-out wheelie bin symbol
    • ", + "

    Shops

    ", + "

    You can provide this information by, for example:

    ", + "
  • displaying posters in your store about which service you provide
    • ", + "
  • including information leaflets with the electrical and electronic equipment you sell
    • ", + "

    Online retailers

    ", + "

    You must publish this information on your website. You can download free customer information if you offer a take back service. DTS members can get these from the scheme.

    ", + "

    You have other responsibilities if you\u2019re a \u2018producer\u2019 - for example you make and sell EEE under your own brand, or sell it in UK from abroad.

    ", + "

    Take back waste in store

    ", + "

    You must offer to take back waste of the same type as the item your customers buy from you, regardless of:

    ", + "
  • whether they buy in-store, online or by mail order
    • ", + "
  • the brand of the item
    • ", + "

    You must also take back items that have the same function. For example, you would:

    ", + "
  • take back a customer\u2019s old kettle when they buy a new one
    • ", + "
  • take back a video player if the customer buys a DVD player
    • ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • offer the in-store service for free - but you can charge to cover transport costs if you\u2019re collecting items from customers\u2019 homes
    • ", + "
  • give customers at least 28 days to bring back their waste item
    • ", + "
  • take back all types of electrical and electronic equipment that you sell - you can choose to extend your service to cover all kinds of electrical and electronic waste
    • ", + "

    Small electronic equipment

    ", + "

    \u2018Very small WEEE\u2019 are items of waste electrical and electronic equipment that are less than 25cm on their longest side.

    ", + "

    You must take back all items of \u2018very small WEEE\u2019 in store if your electrical and electronic equipment sales area is greater than 400 square metres including aisle, display and shelf space.

    ", + "

    You must provide this service to everyone for free, regardless of whether they\u2019ve bought anything from your store.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re exempt if you\u2019ve joined the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) or an assessment shows you already have an effective system.

    ", + "

    Store waste

    ", + "

    Check the conditions to see if you can store the waste temporarily before you dispose of it.

    ", + "

    Dispose of waste

    ", + "

    To dispose of the waste you\u2019ve collected you can do one of the following.

    ", + "

    Producer compliance schemes

    ", + "

    Contact a producer compliance scheme (PCS).

    ", + "

    The PCS will arrange for the waste to be recycled or prepared for re-use at an Approved Authorised Treatment Facility (AATF).

    ", + "

    You may be charged for the collection and transportation of the waste to the AATF or the PCS collection point.

    ", + "

    Transport the waste yourself

    ", + "

    You can transport the waste to an AATF or PCS collection point yourself.

    ", + "

    You need to register as a waste carrier in:

    ", + "
  • England
    • ", + "
  • Wales
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You may also need to follow the rules on transporting hazardous waste in:

    ", + "
  • England and Wales
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Keep records

    ", + "

    You must keep records of all electrical and electronic waste that you collect and dispose of - you can use a template.

    ", + "

    Include the number of units you\u2019ve received through take back and say how many of these were returned to a PCS.

    ", + "

    You need to keep all documentation you make, or are given by the PCS or the AATF, when you dispose of electrical and electronic waste.

    ", + "

    You also need to keep records of how you tell customers about your take back scheme.

    ", + "

    Keep all your records for 4 years.

    ", + "

    Set up an alternative take back service

    ", + "

    You can set up a \u2018designated collection facility\u2019 (DCF) where your customers can take all types of electrical and electronic waste.

    ", + "

    You can do this on your own or with other distributors.

    ", + "

    You must follow the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, other waste management legislation and local planning requirements when managing a DCF.

    ", + "

    You must agree with a producer compliance scheme (PCS) to return the electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) direct to an Approved Authorised Treatment Facility (AATF).

    ", + "

    Use the Distributor Takeback Scheme

    ", + "

    You can use the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) instead of providing a takeback service, if either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your business sells less than \u00a3100,000 of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) per year
    • ", + "
  • you only sell online
    • ", + "

    If your business sells \u00a3100,000 or more of EEE per year and has physical stores, you cannot use the DTS after 31 December 2020. You\u2019ll need to take back waste in store or set up an alternative collection point instead.

    ", + "

    How the scheme works

    ", + "

    You pay a fee that covers your waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) obligations until 31 December 2021. The amount you pay depends on:

    ", + "
  • the size of your business
    • ", + "
  • whether you only sell online
    • ", + "
  • how much EEE you sell
    • ", + "

    This money goes towards supporting the recycling centres run by local authorities.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep a record of what information you give to your customers about where they should take their WEEE.

    ", + "

    If you do not comply

    ", + "

    If you fail to comply with the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, you can be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a35,000 at a magistrates\u2019 court, or get an unlimited fine from a Crown Court.

    ", + "

    You may sometimes get warning letters and formal cautions before a prosecution.

    ", + "

    The Office for Product Safety and Standards enforces these regulations. You can contact them online, call or write to them.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/permits-you-need-for-septic-tanks": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permits-you-need-for-septic-tanks", + "title": "Septic tanks and treatment plants: permits and general binding rules", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf your house or business is not connected to the mains sewer, your sewage will go to one of the following:\n\n- a septic tank - an underground tank where the solids sink to the bottom and the liquid flows out and soaks through the ground\n\n- a small sewage treatment plant (also known as a package treatment plant) - a part-mechanical system that treats the liquid so it\u2019s clean enough to go into a river or stream\n\n- a cesspool (also called a cesspit) - a sealed tank that collects the sewage\n\n- a non-standard system, such as a reed bed or trench arch system\n\nThere are different rules for septic tanks and treatment plants in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## You have a non-standard system\n\nYou must contact the Environment Agency to find out if you need a permit.\n\n## You have a septic tank or small sewage treatment plant\n\nAs the \u2018operator\u2019 of a septic tank or small sewage treatment plant you must check you meet the general binding rules. You must apply for a permit if you do not.\n\nYou\u2019re an operator if any of the following is true:\n\n- you own the property that uses the system\n\n- you own a property that shares the system with other properties - each property owner is an operator, and you\u2019re jointly responsible for complying with the general binding rules\n\n- you have a written agreement with the property owner that says you\u2019re responsible for the system\u2019s maintenance, for example you\u2019re renting and it\u2019s in your tenancy agreement\n\nContact the Environment Agency if you\u2019re not sure whether you\u2019re an operator.\n\n## The general binding rules\n\nYou must follow the general binding rules if you\u2019re the operator of a septic tank or small sewage treatment plant.\n\nThe sewage must:\n\n- be domestic in nature, for example from a toilet, bathroom, shower or kitchen of a house, flat or business (such as a pub, hotel or office) - contact the Environment Agency if you\u2019re not sure if the sewage is domestic in nature\n\n- not cause pollution - find out how to check for pollution\n\nThere are other rules depending on whether you\u2019re releasing this sewage:\n\n- to the ground, for example in your back garden\n\n- to a surface water, for example a river or stream\n\nAsk your local installation or maintenance company if you\u2019re not sure what sort of system you have.\n\n## Releasing to the ground\n\nYou must use a septic tank or a small sewage treatment plant and a drainage field (infiltration system).\n\nYou must apply for a permit if you release (\u2018discharge\u2019):\n\n- to a well, borehole or other deep structure\n\n- more than 2 cubic metres (2,000 litres) per day\n\n- in a groundwater source protection zone (SPZ1)\n\nYou must also read the additional rules for discharging sewage to the ground.\n\n## Calculate how much sewage you discharge\n\nFor sewage from a residential property, use the calculator to work out how much you discharge per day.\n\nFor commercial properties (such as a hotel, restaurant or office) or holiday accommodation (such as a cottage or chalet), use British Water\u2019s flows and loads guidance or contact the Environment Agency for advice.\n\n## Work out if you\u2019re in a groundwater source protection zone 1 (SPZ1)\n\nAn SPZ1 can be either:\n\n- the area around a commercial water supply shown on the map of protected zones - check whether your discharge is in the inner zone (Zone 1) or ask the Environment Agency\n\n- any area within 50 metres of a private water supply for human consumption - ask your neighbours if they have a spring, well or borehole, and how far it is from your drainage field\n\n## Releasing to a surface water\n\nYou must use a small sewage treatment plant. You must apply for a permit if you\u2019re discharging more than 5 cubic metres (5,000 litres) per day. Use the calculator to work out how much you discharge per day.\n\nYou must also read the additional rules for discharging sewage to a surface water.\n\nFor commercial properties (such as a hotel, restaurant or office) or holiday accommodation (such as a cottage or chalet), use British Water\u2019s flows and loads guidance or contact the Environment Agency for advice.\n\n## Installing a new system\n\nYou must have building regulations approval. You may also need planning permission.\n\nCheck with your local council.\n\n## If you did not get permission and approval\n\nYou must apply retrospectively for building regulations approval. You may also need planning permission.\n\nIf your system was installed before 1 January 2015, you should contact your local council for advice.\n\n## Apply for a permit\n\nYou\u2019ll need a permit if you do not meet the general binding rules.\n\nThe form you need to fill in depends on:\n\n- where you discharge the sewage\n\n- how much you discharge\n\n## If you discharge sewage to ground\n\nThere are different forms depending on whether you\u2019re in a groundwater protection zone (SPZ1).\n\n## Outside an SPZ1\n\nThere are different forms if you discharge:\n\n- between 2 and 15 cubic metres per day\n\n- over 15 cubic metres per day\n\n## Inside an SPZ1\n\nIf you discharge less than 2 cubic metres per day there are different forms:\n\n- for systems in use before 1 January 2015\n\n- for those installed on or after 1 January 2015\n\nThere are different forms if you discharge:\n\n- between 2 and 15 cubic metres per day\n\n- over 15 cubic metres per day\n\n## If you discharge sewage to a surface water\n\nIf you discharge between 5 and 20 cubic metres per day, check if you can apply for a standard rules permit.\n\nIf you cannot get a standard rules permit, you\u2019ll need a permit to discharge:\n\n- up to 20 cubic metres\n\n- over 20 cubic metres\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou need:\n\n- the 8-figure grid reference for your septic tank or treatment plant and the point where it discharges\n\n- to calculate the largest amount you\u2019re likely to discharge - use one of the calculators in the chapter on the general binding rules\n\n- to provide a suitable site plan \u2013 see an example site plan\n\n## Application fees\n\nYour application fee depends on whether your site is a domestic household, charity or another type of organisation.\n\n## You\u2019re discharging to ground\n\nThe application fee for domestic households and charities to discharge up to 5,000 litres (5 cubic metres) per day is \u00a3125.\n\nThe fees are different for other organisations.\n\n| Size of discharge per day | Fee |\n\n| Up to 15,000 litres (15 cubic metres) | \u00a32,708 |\n\n| Over 15,000 litres (15 cubic metres) | \u00a35,699 |\n\n| Any volume that contains specific substances | \u00a36,052 |\n\n## You\u2019re discharging to a surface water\n\nThe application fee for domestic households and charities to discharge up to 5,000 litres (5 cubic metres) per day is \u00a3125.\n\nThe fees are different for other organisations.\n\n| Size of discharge per day | Fee |\n\n| Up to 5,000 litres (5 cubic metres) | \u00a32,534 |\n\n| Between 5,000 litres (5 cubic metres) and 50,000 litres (50 cubic metres) | \u00a34,170 |\n\n| Any volume that contains specific substances | \u00a37,649 |\n\n## Annual fees\n\nThere\u2019s an annual subsistence fee for sites that are not domestic households or charities.\n\n| Size of discharge per day | Fee |\n\n| Up to 5,000 litres | \u00a3251 |\n\n| Between 5,000 litres and 20,000 litres with operator self monitoring | \u00a3823 |\n\n| Between 5,000 litres and 20,000 litres | \u00a3890 |\n\n| Between 20,000 litres and 50,000 litres with operator self monitoring | \u00a31,310 |\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou should get a decision on your application within 13 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if your application may take longer, for example because of planning issues.\n\n## Your application is refused\n\nIf your application is refused, you\u2019ll be told:\n\n- the reasons for refusal\n\n- how you can appeal\n\n## Complying with your permit\n\nSee the guidance on how to comply with your permit, including maintenance, record keeping and pollution reporting requirements.\n\n## Get help\n\nYou can ask the Environment Agency for help with your application.\n\n## You have a cesspool\n\nYou do not have to comply with the general binding rules or apply for a permit.\n\nYou must maintain your cesspool and make sure it:\n\n- is emptied regularly (for example once a month) by a registered waste carrier\n\n- does not leak or overflow\n\nThe Environment Agency or your local council can make you repair or replace your cesspool if it\u2019s in poor condition.\n\n## If you install a new cesspool\n\nYou must:\n\n- get planning permission and building regulations approval\n\n- make sure it has a minimum capacity of 18,000 litres per 2 users (plus another 6,800 litres per each extra user)\n\n## Contact", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If your house or business is not connected to the mains sewer, your sewage will go to one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a septic tank - an underground tank where the solids sink to the bottom and the liquid flows out and soaks through the ground
    • ", + "
  • a small sewage treatment plant (also known as a package treatment plant) - a part-mechanical system that treats the liquid so it\u2019s clean enough to go into a river or stream
    • ", + "
  • a cesspool (also called a cesspit) - a sealed tank that collects the sewage
    • ", + "
  • a non-standard system, such as a reed bed or trench arch system
    • ", + "

    There are different rules for septic tanks and treatment plants in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

    ", + "

    You have a non-standard system

    ", + "

    You must contact the Environment Agency to find out if you need a permit.

    ", + "

    You have a septic tank or small sewage treatment plant

    ", + "

    As the \u2018operator\u2019 of a septic tank or small sewage treatment plant you must check you meet the general binding rules. You must apply for a permit if you do not.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re an operator if any of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you own the property that uses the system
    • ", + "
  • you own a property that shares the system with other properties - each property owner is an operator, and you\u2019re jointly responsible for complying with the general binding rules
    • ", + "
  • you have a written agreement with the property owner that says you\u2019re responsible for the system\u2019s maintenance, for example you\u2019re renting and it\u2019s in your tenancy agreement
    • ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency if you\u2019re not sure whether you\u2019re an operator.

    ", + "

    The general binding rules

    ", + "

    You must follow the general binding rules if you\u2019re the operator of a septic tank or small sewage treatment plant.

    ", + "

    The sewage must:

    ", + "
  • be domestic in nature, for example from a toilet, bathroom, shower or kitchen of a house, flat or business (such as a pub, hotel or office) - contact the Environment Agency if you\u2019re not sure if the sewage is domestic in nature
    • ", + "
  • not cause pollution - find out how to check for pollution
    • ", + "

    There are other rules depending on whether you\u2019re releasing this sewage:

    ", + "
  • to the ground, for example in your back garden
    • ", + "
  • to a surface water, for example a river or stream
    • ", + "

    Ask your local installation or maintenance company if you\u2019re not sure what sort of system you have.

    ", + "

    Releasing to the ground

    ", + "

    You must use a septic tank or a small sewage treatment plant and a drainage field (infiltration system).

    ", + "

    You must apply for a permit if you release (\u2018discharge\u2019):

    ", + "
  • to a well, borehole or other deep structure
    • ", + "
  • more than 2 cubic metres (2,000 litres) per day
    • ", + "
  • in a groundwater source protection zone (SPZ1)
    • ", + "

    You must also read the additional rules for discharging sewage to the ground.

    ", + "

    Calculate how much sewage you discharge

    ", + "

    For sewage from a residential property, use the calculator to work out how much you discharge per day.

    ", + "

    For commercial properties (such as a hotel, restaurant or office) or holiday accommodation (such as a cottage or chalet), use British Water\u2019s flows and loads guidance or contact the Environment Agency for advice.

    ", + "

    Work out if you\u2019re in a groundwater source protection zone 1 (SPZ1)

    ", + "

    An SPZ1 can be either:

    ", + "
  • the area around a commercial water supply shown on the map of protected zones - check whether your discharge is in the inner zone (Zone 1) or ask the Environment Agency
    • ", + "
  • any area within 50 metres of a private water supply for human consumption - ask your neighbours if they have a spring, well or borehole, and how far it is from your drainage field
    • ", + "

    Releasing to a surface water

    ", + "

    You must use a small sewage treatment plant. You must apply for a permit if you\u2019re discharging more than 5 cubic metres (5,000 litres) per day. Use the calculator to work out how much you discharge per day.

    ", + "

    You must also read the additional rules for discharging sewage to a surface water.

    ", + "

    For commercial properties (such as a hotel, restaurant or office) or holiday accommodation (such as a cottage or chalet), use British Water\u2019s flows and loads guidance or contact the Environment Agency for advice.

    ", + "

    Installing a new system

    ", + "

    You must have building regulations approval. You may also need planning permission.

    ", + "

    Check with your local council.

    ", + "

    If you did not get permission and approval

    ", + "

    You must apply retrospectively for building regulations approval. You may also need planning permission.

    ", + "

    If your system was installed before 1 January 2015, you should contact your local council for advice.

    ", + "

    Apply for a permit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a permit if you do not meet the general binding rules.

    ", + "

    The form you need to fill in depends on:

    ", + "
  • where you discharge the sewage
    • ", + "
  • how much you discharge
    • ", + "

    If you discharge sewage to ground

    ", + "

    There are different forms depending on whether you\u2019re in a groundwater protection zone (SPZ1).

    ", + "

    Outside an SPZ1

    ", + "

    There are different forms if you discharge:

    ", + "
  • between 2 and 15 cubic metres per day
    • ", + "
  • over 15 cubic metres per day
    • ", + "

    Inside an SPZ1

    ", + "

    If you discharge less than 2 cubic metres per day there are different forms:

    ", + "
  • for systems in use before 1 January 2015
    • ", + "
  • for those installed on or after 1 January 2015
    • ", + "

    There are different forms if you discharge:

    ", + "
  • between 2 and 15 cubic metres per day
    • ", + "
  • over 15 cubic metres per day
    • ", + "

    If you discharge sewage to a surface water

    ", + "

    If you discharge between 5 and 20 cubic metres per day, check if you can apply for a standard rules permit.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get a standard rules permit, you\u2019ll need a permit to discharge:

    ", + "
  • up to 20 cubic metres
    • ", + "
  • over 20 cubic metres
    • ", + "

    Before you start

    ", + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • the 8-figure grid reference for your septic tank or treatment plant and the point where it discharges
    • ", + "
  • to calculate the largest amount you\u2019re likely to discharge - use one of the calculators in the chapter on the general binding rules
    • ", + "
  • to provide a suitable site plan \u2013 see an example site plan
    • ", + "

    Application fees

    ", + "

    Your application fee depends on whether your site is a domestic household, charity or another type of organisation.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re discharging to ground

    ", + "

    The application fee for domestic households and charities to discharge up to 5,000 litres (5 cubic metres) per day is \u00a3125.

    ", + "

    The fees are different for other organisations.

    ", + "Size of discharge per day | Fee", + "Up to 15,000 litres (15 cubic metres) | \u00a32,708", + "Over 15,000 litres (15 cubic metres) | \u00a35,699", + "Any volume that contains specific substances | \u00a36,052", + "

    You\u2019re discharging to a surface water

    ", + "

    The application fee for domestic households and charities to discharge up to 5,000 litres (5 cubic metres) per day is \u00a3125.

    ", + "

    The fees are different for other organisations.

    ", + "Size of discharge per day | Fee", + "Up to 5,000 litres (5 cubic metres) | \u00a32,534", + "Between 5,000 litres (5 cubic metres) and 50,000 litres (50 cubic metres) | \u00a34,170", + "Any volume that contains specific substances | \u00a37,649", + "

    Annual fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s an annual subsistence fee for sites that are not domestic households or charities.

    ", + "Size of discharge per day | Fee", + "Up to 5,000 litres | \u00a3251", + "Between 5,000 litres and 20,000 litres with operator self monitoring | \u00a3823", + "Between 5,000 litres and 20,000 litres | \u00a3890", + "Between 20,000 litres and 50,000 litres with operator self monitoring | \u00a31,310", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your application within 13 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if your application may take longer, for example because of planning issues.

    ", + "

    Your application is refused

    ", + "

    If your application is refused, you\u2019ll be told:

    ", + "
  • the reasons for refusal
    • ", + "
  • how you can appeal
    • ", + "

    Complying with your permit

    ", + "

    See the guidance on how to comply with your permit, including maintenance, record keeping and pollution reporting requirements.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    You can ask the Environment Agency for help with your application.

    ", + "

    You have a cesspool

    ", + "

    You do not have to comply with the general binding rules or apply for a permit.

    ", + "

    You must maintain your cesspool and make sure it:

    ", + "
  • is emptied regularly (for example once a month) by a registered waste carrier
    • ", + "
  • does not leak or overflow
    • ", + "

    The Environment Agency or your local council can make you repair or replace your cesspool if it\u2019s in poor condition.

    ", + "

    If you install a new cesspool

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • get planning permission and building regulations approval
    • ", + "
  • make sure it has a minimum capacity of 18,000 litres per 2 users (plus another 6,800 litres per each extra user)
    • ", + "

    Contact

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/oil-storage-regulations-and-safety": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oil-storage-regulations-and-safety", + "title": "Storing oil at your home or business", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou have to follow certain regulations if you have an oil storage container at your home, business or farm.\n\nOil storage containers include tanks, drums, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and mobile containers called \u2018bowsers\u2019.\n\nThe person responsible for the property or premises is usually legally responsible for the oil storage container, for example the homeowner, business owner or site manager.\n\n## Which regulations to follow\n\nThe regulations are different depending on where you store your oil.\n\n## At your home\n\nYou normally have to follow building regulations if you have an oil storage container installed at your home.\n\nIf your storage container can hold 3,501 litres or more, you must follow the regulations for businesses.\n\n## At your business\n\nYou have to follow oil storage regulations if the container at your business can hold 201 litres or more of certain types of oil.\n\nThe regulations for businesses also apply to public sector buildings like schools, hospitals, churches and residential care homes.\n\n## At your farm\n\nYou have to follow different regulations depending on whether you\u2019re storing oil:\n\n- for heat and power for agriculture, for example to fuel your tractor or run a grain dryer\n\n- to heat your farmhouse\n\n- for a separate part of your business, for example to fuel vehicles you hire out\n\n## Checking and labelling your tank\n\nYou should get your oil storage container inspected every year by a professional.\n\nThe person inspecting your tank will let you know when you should replace it.\n\nOil Care suggest that you look at your oil tank at least once a month, and learn what to do if you have an oil leak or spill.\n\n## Storing oil at your home\n\nYou must meet building regulations if you have a new or replacement oil storage container installed at your home in England, for example to fuel your cooker or central heating.\n\nBuilding regulations are different if your home is in Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\nIf your storage container can hold 3,501 litres or more, you must follow the regulations for businesses.\n\n## Choosing someone to install your tank\n\nYou should choose someone who\u2019s registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme. They can self-certify that their work complies with building regulations and can deal with building control issues, like objections.\n\nIf you do not use someone registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme, you\u2019ll have to get a Building Control Notice from your local council and arrange and pay for an inspection yourself.\n\nWithout approval you will not have the certificates of compliance you may need when you want to sell your home.\n\n## Penalties\n\nThe person installing your tank could be prosecuted and fined if they do not comply with building regulations.\n\nYou\u2019re also responsible for making sure their work meets the regulations. Your local authority could make you pay for faulty work to be fixed.\n\n## Catching oil leaks and spills\n\nThe person installing your tank will do a risk assessment, and they\u2019ll let you know if your tank has to have secondary containment (a \u2018bund\u2019). The bund must:\n\n- hold 110% of the tank\u2019s capacity\n\n- be impermeable to oil and water\n\nYou\u2019ll need a bund if your tank\u2019s in any of the following places:\n\n- where oil spills could run into an open drain or a loose manhole cover\n\n- where the tank vent pipes cannot be seen when the tank\u2019s being filled, for example because the delivery tanker is parked too far away\n\n- within 10 metres of coastal waters or inland fresh waters like lakes or streams\n\n- within 50 metres of a drinking water source, for example wells, boreholes or springs\n\n- where oil spills could run over hard ground and reach coastal waters, inland fresh waters or a drinking water source\n\n- in the inner zone of groundwater source protection zone 1\n\nYou\u2019ll also need a bund if your tank can hold more than 2,500 litres of oil.\n\nYour oil storage container must have a sticker in a prominent position that tells you how to look after your oil and what to do if you have a spill. The person installing your new tank will put this on - but you can find out how to order a new sticker.\n\n## Storing oil at your business\n\nYou must follow the regulations for businesses if your oil container can hold 201 litres or more of:\n\n- petrol\n\n- diesel\n\n- biofuels\n\n- kerosene\n\n- vegetable oil and plant-based oils, for example sunflower oil or aromatherapy oil - including waste cooking oil\n\n- synthetic oils, for example motor oil - including waste oil\n\n- oils used as solvents\n\n- biodegradable oils, for example lubricating or hydraulic oils\n\n- liquid bitumen-based products, for example waterproofing or damp proofing products, or coatings for a road surface\n\nThe regulations do not apply to:\n\n- liquid petroleum gas (LPG)\n\n- hydrocarbon products that are solid when unheated, like bitumen\n\n- solvents that are not oil based, for example trichloroethylene\n\n- aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene and toluene\n\n- waste mineral oils drained from vehicles, and mixtures of diesel and petrol that cannot be used as vehicle fuel\n\nYou must follow different regulations in Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales.\n\n## Other exceptions\n\nYou do not have to follow oil storage regulations if your oil is:\n\n- on a farm and you use it for heat and power for agriculture or for your farmhouse\n\n- stored for distribution to other places\n\n- in use, for example lubrication in a hydraulic system\n\nThe regulations do not apply if your storage containers are:\n\n- underground\n\n- in a building that would capture leaking oil - contact your local council to find out if you have to meet any extra fire safety regulations\n\n- at a refinery\n\n- at a premises for onward distribution of oil - but not a premises which sells oil directly to end users or a premises that uses oil\n\nCheck if you need an environmental permit if you\u2019re storing certain waste oils.\n\n## Choosing someone to install your oil storage tank\n\nYou should choose someone who\u2019s registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for any pollution caused by problems with your oil storage container. You need to know the regulations about oil storage containers, including where it\u2019s located and how it\u2019s protected.\n\n## Penalties\n\nYou can be fined if you do not follow the oil storage regulations.\n\nThe Environment Agency can also serve an anti-pollution works notice to make you bring your tank up to legal requirements.\n\n## Get advice\n\nContact the Environment Agency if you have a question about following oil storage regulations in England.\n\nIf your business is outside England, contact one of the following:\n\n- Natural Resources Wales\n\n- Scottish Environment Protection Agency\n\n- Department of the Environment (Northern Ireland)", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You have to follow certain regulations if you have an oil storage container at your home, business or farm.

    ", + "

    Oil storage containers include tanks, drums, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and mobile containers called \u2018bowsers\u2019.

    ", + "

    The person responsible for the property or premises is usually legally responsible for the oil storage container, for example the homeowner, business owner or site manager.

    ", + "

    Which regulations to follow

    ", + "

    The regulations are different depending on where you store your oil.

    ", + "

    At your home

    ", + "

    You normally have to follow building regulations if you have an oil storage container installed at your home.

    ", + "

    If your storage container can hold 3,501 litres or more, you must follow the regulations for businesses.

    ", + "

    At your business

    ", + "

    You have to follow oil storage regulations if the container at your business can hold 201 litres or more of certain types of oil.

    ", + "

    The regulations for businesses also apply to public sector buildings like schools, hospitals, churches and residential care homes.

    ", + "

    At your farm

    ", + "

    You have to follow different regulations depending on whether you\u2019re storing oil:

    ", + "
  • for heat and power for agriculture, for example to fuel your tractor or run a grain dryer
    • ", + "
  • to heat your farmhouse
    • ", + "
  • for a separate part of your business, for example to fuel vehicles you hire out
    • ", + "

    Checking and labelling your tank

    ", + "

    You should get your oil storage container inspected every year by a professional.

    ", + "

    The person inspecting your tank will let you know when you should replace it.

    ", + "

    Oil Care suggest that you look at your oil tank at least once a month, and learn what to do if you have an oil leak or spill.

    ", + "

    Storing oil at your home

    ", + "

    You must meet building regulations if you have a new or replacement oil storage container installed at your home in England, for example to fuel your cooker or central heating.

    ", + "

    Building regulations are different if your home is in Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If your storage container can hold 3,501 litres or more, you must follow the regulations for businesses.

    ", + "

    Choosing someone to install your tank

    ", + "

    You should choose someone who\u2019s registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme. They can self-certify that their work complies with building regulations and can deal with building control issues, like objections.

    ", + "

    If you do not use someone registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme, you\u2019ll have to get a Building Control Notice from your local council and arrange and pay for an inspection yourself.

    ", + "

    Without approval you will not have the certificates of compliance you may need when you want to sell your home.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    The person installing your tank could be prosecuted and fined if they do not comply with building regulations.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also responsible for making sure their work meets the regulations. Your local authority could make you pay for faulty work to be fixed.

    ", + "

    Catching oil leaks and spills

    ", + "

    The person installing your tank will do a risk assessment, and they\u2019ll let you know if your tank has to have secondary containment (a \u2018bund\u2019). The bund must:

    ", + "
  • hold 110% of the tank\u2019s capacity
    • ", + "
  • be impermeable to oil and water
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a bund if your tank\u2019s in any of the following places:

    ", + "
  • where oil spills could run into an open drain or a loose manhole cover
    • ", + "
  • where the tank vent pipes cannot be seen when the tank\u2019s being filled, for example because the delivery tanker is parked too far away
    • ", + "
  • within 10 metres of coastal waters or inland fresh waters like lakes or streams
    • ", + "
  • within 50 metres of a drinking water source, for example wells, boreholes or springs
    • ", + "
  • where oil spills could run over hard ground and reach coastal waters, inland fresh waters or a drinking water source
    • ", + "
  • in the inner zone of groundwater source protection zone 1
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need a bund if your tank can hold more than 2,500 litres of oil.

    ", + "

    Your oil storage container must have a sticker in a prominent position that tells you how to look after your oil and what to do if you have a spill. The person installing your new tank will put this on - but you can find out how to order a new sticker.

    ", + "

    Storing oil at your business

    ", + "

    You must follow the regulations for businesses if your oil container can hold 201 litres or more of:

    ", + "
  • petrol
    • ", + "
  • diesel
    • ", + "
  • biofuels
    • ", + "
  • kerosene
    • ", + "
  • vegetable oil and plant-based oils, for example sunflower oil or aromatherapy oil - including waste cooking oil
    • ", + "
  • synthetic oils, for example motor oil - including waste oil
    • ", + "
  • oils used as solvents
    • ", + "
  • biodegradable oils, for example lubricating or hydraulic oils
    • ", + "
  • liquid bitumen-based products, for example waterproofing or damp proofing products, or coatings for a road surface
    • ", + "

    The regulations do not apply to:

    ", + "
  • liquid petroleum gas (LPG)
    • ", + "
  • hydrocarbon products that are solid when unheated, like bitumen
    • ", + "
  • solvents that are not oil based, for example trichloroethylene
    • ", + "
  • aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene and toluene
    • ", + "
  • waste mineral oils drained from vehicles, and mixtures of diesel and petrol that cannot be used as vehicle fuel
    • ", + "

    You must follow different regulations in Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales.

    ", + "

    Other exceptions

    ", + "

    You do not have to follow oil storage regulations if your oil is:

    ", + "
  • on a farm and you use it for heat and power for agriculture or for your farmhouse
    • ", + "
  • stored for distribution to other places
    • ", + "
  • in use, for example lubrication in a hydraulic system
    • ", + "

    The regulations do not apply if your storage containers are:

    ", + "
  • underground
    • ", + "
  • in a building that would capture leaking oil - contact your local council to find out if you have to meet any extra fire safety regulations
    • ", + "
  • at a refinery
    • ", + "
  • at a premises for onward distribution of oil - but not a premises which sells oil directly to end users or a premises that uses oil
    • ", + "

    Check if you need an environmental permit if you\u2019re storing certain waste oils.

    ", + "

    Choosing someone to install your oil storage tank

    ", + "

    You should choose someone who\u2019s registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for any pollution caused by problems with your oil storage container. You need to know the regulations about oil storage containers, including where it\u2019s located and how it\u2019s protected.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    You can be fined if you do not follow the oil storage regulations.

    ", + "

    The Environment Agency can also serve an anti-pollution works notice to make you bring your tank up to legal requirements.

    ", + "

    Get advice

    ", + "

    Contact the Environment Agency if you have a question about following oil storage regulations in England.

    ", + "

    If your business is outside England, contact one of the following:

    ", + "
  • Natural Resources Wales
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Environment Protection Agency
    • ", + "
  • Department of the Environment (Northern Ireland)
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/check-tenant-right-to-rent-documents": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-tenant-right-to-rent-documents", + "title": "Check your tenant's right to rent", + "content": "## Who you have to check\n\nYou must check that a tenant or lodger can legally rent your residential property in England.\n\nCheck with the Home Office if the tenant is a Commonwealth citizen but does not have the right documents - they might still have the right to rent in the UK.\n\nBefore the start of a new tenancy, you must check all tenants aged 18 and over, even if:\n\n- they\u2019re not named on the tenancy agreement\n\n- there\u2019s no tenancy agreement\n\n- the tenancy agreement is not in writing\n\nCheck all new tenants. It\u2019s against the law to only check people you think are not British citizens. You must not discriminate against anyone because of where they\u2019re from.\n\nSign up for email updates about the right to rent policy.\n\nIf the tenant is only allowed to stay in the UK for a limited time, you need to do the check in the 28 days before the start of the tenancy.\n\nYou do not need to check tenants in these types of accommodation:\n\n- social housing\n\n- a care home, hospice or hospital\n\n- a hostel or refuge\n\n- a mobile home\n\n- student accommodation\n\nYou also do not need to check tenants if they live in accommodation that:\n\n- is provided by a local authority\n\n- is provided as part of their job (known as \u2018tied accommodation\u2019)\n\n- has a lease that\u2019s 7 years or longer\n\nRead the code of practice to find out if you need to do any other checks instead.\n\n## How to do a check\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) there are temporary changes to the way you can check documents. Read guidance about the adjusted process, including asking for documents digitally, making checks on a video call, and what to do if someone cannot provide any accepted documents.\n\n- Check which adults will use your property as their main home (your \u2018tenants\u2019).\n\n- Ask them for original documents that prove they can live in the UK.\n\n- Check their documents to see if they have the right to rent your property.\n\n- Check that each tenant\u2019s documents are genuine and belong to them, with the tenant present.\n\n- Make and keep copies of the documents and record the date you made the check.\n\nYou can get an unlimited fine or be sent to prison for renting your property to someone who is not allowed to stay in England.\n\n## Checking EU, EEA and Swiss citizens\n\nRight to rent checks continue in the same way as now until 30 June 2021 for citizens of the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein.\n\nContinue checking their passport or national identity card as before. For family members of citizens of the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein, follow the usual guidance for documents you can accept for right to rent checks.\n\nYou cannot insist that citizens of the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein show that they have settled status or pre-settled status when starting a new tenancy before 1 July. You can however ask if they have settled or pre-settled status, and whether they want to use this instead of a passport or identity card.\n\nIf the tenancy starts on or after 1 July 2021 but you check their right to rent before this, you can still use their passport or national identity card.\n\n## Check if the property is used as the tenant\u2019s main home\n\nA property would usually be a tenant\u2019s only or main home if:\n\n- they live there most of the time\n\n- they keep most of their belongings there\n\n- their partner or children live with them\n\n- they\u2019re registered to vote at the property\n\n- they\u2019re registered with the doctor using that address\n\n## Check their original documents\n\nYou need to check that:\n\n- the documents are originals and belong to the tenant\n\n- their permission to stay in the UK has not ended\n\n- the photos on the documents are of the tenant\n\n- the dates of birth are the same in all documents (and are believable)\n\n- the documents are not too damaged or do not look like they\u2019ve been changed\n\n- if any names are different on documents, there are supporting documents to show why, such as a marriage certificate or divorce decree\n\n## If the tenant does not have the right documents\n\nYou must use the landlord\u2019s checking service to check whether the tenant\u2019s allowed to rent without the right documents if:\n\n- the Home Office has their documents\n\n- they have an outstanding case or appeal with the Home Office\n\n- the Home Office told them they have \u2018permission to rent\u2019\n\nYou\u2019ll get an answer within 2 working days.\n\nYou\u2019ll need the tenant\u2019s Home Office reference number to use the service.\n\nDo not rent a property to someone in England if they do not have the right documents and the landlord\u2019s checking service tells you they are not allowed to rent.\n\n## Get help with a check\n\nCall the landlord\u2019s helpline to get help with a check.\n\nYou must follow the landlord\u2019s code of practice on illegal immigrants and private rented accommodation.\n\n## Making copies of the documents\n\nWhen you copy the documents:\n\n- make a copy that cannot be changed, such as a photocopy or a good quality photograph\n\n- for passports, copy every page with the expiry date or applicant\u2019s details (such as nationality, date of birth and photograph), including endorsements, for example a work visa or Certificate of Entitlement to the right of abode in the UK\n\n- copy both sides of biometric residence permits\n\n- make a complete copy of all other documents\n\n- record the date you made the copy\n\nKeep copies of the tenant\u2019s documents for the time they\u2019re your tenants and for one year after.\n\nMake sure you follow data protection law.\n\nIf your tenant does not have any documents, you must check if they\u2019re allowed to rent your property.\n\n## Follow-up checks\n\nYou must do a follow-up check to make sure your tenant can still rent property in the UK if there\u2019s a time limit on their permission to stay.\n\nYou can get a fine if you do not do a follow-up check and your tenant\u2019s permission to stay ends.\n\nDo the follow-up check just before the date that\u2019s the later of:\n\n- the end of your tenant\u2019s permission to stay in the UK\n\n- 12 months after your previous check\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) there are temporary changes to the way you can check documents. Read guidance about the adjusted process, including asking for documents digitally, making checks on a video call, and what to do if someone cannot provide any accepted documents.\n\nYou do not have to do a follow-up check if there\u2019s no time limit on your tenant\u2019s permission to stay in the UK.\n\n## If your tenant fails a follow-up check\n\nYou must tell the Home Office if you find out that your tenant can no longer legally rent property in England after doing a follow-up check.\n\nYou could be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years if your tenant fails a follow-up check and you do not report it to the Home Office.\n\n## Agents and subletting\n\nYou can ask any agents that manage or let your property to carry out the check for you. You should have this agreement in writing.\n\nIf a tenant sub-lets the property without you knowing, they\u2019re responsible for carrying out checks on any sub-tenants. They will be liable for any civil penalties if they do not do the check correctly.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Who you have to check

    ", + "

    You must check that a tenant or lodger can legally rent your residential property in England.

    ", + "

    Check with the Home Office if the tenant is a Commonwealth citizen but does not have the right documents - they might still have the right to rent in the UK.

    ", + "

    Before the start of a new tenancy, you must check all tenants aged 18 and over, even if:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re not named on the tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s no tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • the tenancy agreement is not in writing
    • ", + "

    Check all new tenants. It\u2019s against the law to only check people you think are not British citizens. You must not discriminate against anyone because of where they\u2019re from.

    ", + "

    Sign up for email updates about the right to rent policy.

    ", + "

    If the tenant is only allowed to stay in the UK for a limited time, you need to do the check in the 28 days before the start of the tenancy.

    ", + "

    You do not need to check tenants in these types of accommodation:

    ", + "
  • social housing
    • ", + "
  • a care home, hospice or hospital
    • ", + "
  • a hostel or refuge
    • ", + "
  • a mobile home
    • ", + "
  • student accommodation
    • ", + "

    You also do not need to check tenants if they live in accommodation that:

    ", + "
  • is provided by a local authority
    • ", + "
  • is provided as part of their job (known as \u2018tied accommodation\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • has a lease that\u2019s 7 years or longer
    • ", + "

    Read the code of practice to find out if you need to do any other checks instead.

    ", + "

    How to do a check

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) there are temporary changes to the way you can check documents. Read guidance about the adjusted process, including asking for documents digitally, making checks on a video call, and what to do if someone cannot provide any accepted documents.

    ", + "
  • Check which adults will use your property as their main home (your \u2018tenants\u2019).
    • ", + "
  • Ask them for original documents that prove they can live in the UK.
    • ", + "
  • Check their documents to see if they have the right to rent your property.
    • ", + "
  • Check that each tenant\u2019s documents are genuine and belong to them, with the tenant present.
    • ", + "
  • Make and keep copies of the documents and record the date you made the check.
    • ", + "

    You can get an unlimited fine or be sent to prison for renting your property to someone who is not allowed to stay in England.

    ", + "

    Checking EU, EEA and Swiss citizens

    ", + "

    Right to rent checks continue in the same way as now until 30 June 2021 for citizens of the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein.

    ", + "

    Continue checking their passport or national identity card as before. For family members of citizens of the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein, follow the usual guidance for documents you can accept for right to rent checks.

    ", + "

    You cannot insist that citizens of the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein show that they have settled status or pre-settled status when starting a new tenancy before 1 July. You can however ask if they have settled or pre-settled status, and whether they want to use this instead of a passport or identity card.

    ", + "

    If the tenancy starts on or after 1 July 2021 but you check their right to rent before this, you can still use their passport or national identity card.

    ", + "

    Check if the property is used as the tenant\u2019s main home

    ", + "

    A property would usually be a tenant\u2019s only or main home if:

    ", + "
  • they live there most of the time
    • ", + "
  • they keep most of their belongings there
    • ", + "
  • their partner or children live with them
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re registered to vote at the property
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re registered with the doctor using that address
    • ", + "

    Check their original documents

    ", + "

    You need to check that:

    ", + "
  • the documents are originals and belong to the tenant
    • ", + "
  • their permission to stay in the UK has not ended
    • ", + "
  • the photos on the documents are of the tenant
    • ", + "
  • the dates of birth are the same in all documents (and are believable)
    • ", + "
  • the documents are not too damaged or do not look like they\u2019ve been changed
    • ", + "
  • if any names are different on documents, there are supporting documents to show why, such as a marriage certificate or divorce decree
    • ", + "

    If the tenant does not have the right documents

    ", + "

    You must use the landlord\u2019s checking service to check whether the tenant\u2019s allowed to rent without the right documents if:

    ", + "
  • the Home Office has their documents
    • ", + "
  • they have an outstanding case or appeal with the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • the Home Office told them they have \u2018permission to rent\u2019
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an answer within 2 working days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the tenant\u2019s Home Office reference number to use the service.

    ", + "

    Do not rent a property to someone in England if they do not have the right documents and the landlord\u2019s checking service tells you they are not allowed to rent.

    ", + "

    Get help with a check

    ", + "

    Call the landlord\u2019s helpline to get help with a check.

    ", + "

    You must follow the landlord\u2019s code of practice on illegal immigrants and private rented accommodation.

    ", + "

    Making copies of the documents

    ", + "

    When you copy the documents:

    ", + "
  • make a copy that cannot be changed, such as a photocopy or a good quality photograph
    • ", + "
  • for passports, copy every page with the expiry date or applicant\u2019s details (such as nationality, date of birth and photograph), including endorsements, for example a work visa or Certificate of Entitlement to the right of abode in the UK
    • ", + "
  • copy both sides of biometric residence permits
    • ", + "
  • make a complete copy of all other documents
    • ", + "
  • record the date you made the copy
    • ", + "

    Keep copies of the tenant\u2019s documents for the time they\u2019re your tenants and for one year after.

    ", + "

    Make sure you follow data protection law.

    ", + "

    If your tenant does not have any documents, you must check if they\u2019re allowed to rent your property.

    ", + "

    Follow-up checks

    ", + "

    You must do a follow-up check to make sure your tenant can still rent property in the UK if there\u2019s a time limit on their permission to stay.

    ", + "

    You can get a fine if you do not do a follow-up check and your tenant\u2019s permission to stay ends.

    ", + "

    Do the follow-up check just before the date that\u2019s the later of:

    ", + "
  • the end of your tenant\u2019s permission to stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • 12 months after your previous check
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) there are temporary changes to the way you can check documents. Read guidance about the adjusted process, including asking for documents digitally, making checks on a video call, and what to do if someone cannot provide any accepted documents.

    ", + "

    You do not have to do a follow-up check if there\u2019s no time limit on your tenant\u2019s permission to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    If your tenant fails a follow-up check

    ", + "

    You must tell the Home Office if you find out that your tenant can no longer legally rent property in England after doing a follow-up check.

    ", + "

    You could be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years if your tenant fails a follow-up check and you do not report it to the Home Office.

    ", + "

    Agents and subletting

    ", + "

    You can ask any agents that manage or let your property to carry out the check for you. You should have this agreement in writing.

    ", + "

    If a tenant sub-lets the property without you knowing, they\u2019re responsible for carrying out checks on any sub-tenants. They will be liable for any civil penalties if they do not do the check correctly.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/deposit-protection-schemes-and-landlords": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deposit-protection-schemes-and-landlords", + "title": "Deposit protection schemes and landlords", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must place your tenants\u2019 deposit in a tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme if you rent out your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007.\n\nIf you receive a valuable item as a deposit instead of money (for example a car or watch), you do not have to put it in a TDP.\n\nThese government-backed schemes ensure your tenants will get their deposit back if they:\n\n- meet the terms of your tenancy agreement\n\n- do not damage the property\n\n- pay the rent and bills\n\nYou (or your letting agent) must put your tenants\u2019 deposit in the scheme within 30 days of getting it.\n\n## Available schemes\n\nYou can use any of the following schemes if your property is in England or Wales:\n\n- Deposit Protection Service\n\n- MyDeposits\n\n- Tenancy Deposit Scheme\n\nThere are separate TDP schemes in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nAll TDP schemes offer you 2 options:\n\n- the scheme hold the deposit for free - known as a \u2018custodial\u2019 scheme\n\n- you or the agent holds the deposit and you pay the scheme to insure it - known as an \u2018insured\u2019 scheme\n\n## At the end of the tenancy\n\nThe deposit must be returned to your tenants within 10 days of you both agreeing how much they\u2019ll get back.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a dispute with your tenants\n\nThe deposit is protected in the scheme until the issue is settled.\n\nIf you\u2019re in an \u2018insured\u2019 scheme, you or the agent must give the deposit to the TDP scheme. They will hold it until the issue is settled.\n\n## Holding deposits\n\nIf you\u2019ve received a holding deposit from your future tenants (money to \u2018hold\u2019 a property before an agreement is signed), you do not have to protect it. Once they become tenants the holding deposit becomes a deposit, and you must protect it.\n\n## Deposits made by a third party\n\nYou must use a TDP scheme even if the deposit is paid by someone else, like a rent deposit scheme or a tenant\u2019s parents.\n\n## Information you must give to your tenants\n\nWithin 30 days of getting their deposit, you must tell your tenants:\n\n- the address of the rented property\n\n- how much deposit they\u2019ve paid\n\n- how the deposit is protected\n\n- the name and contact details of the tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme and its dispute resolution service\n\n- your (or your letting agency\u2019s) name and contact details\n\n- the name and contact details of any third party who paid the deposit\n\n- why you would keep some or all of the deposit - for example, because your tenants damaged the property and you need to fix it\n\n- how to apply to get the deposit back at the end of the tenancy\n\n- what to do if they cannot get hold of you at the end of the tenancy\n\n- what to do if there\u2019s a dispute over the amount of deposit to be returned at the end of the tenancy\n\n## If you do not protect your tenants' deposit\n\nYour tenants can apply to a county court if you do not use a tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme when you have to. They can do this at any time during the tenancy.\n\nIf the court finds you have not protected the deposit, it can order you to either:\n\n- repay it to your tenants\n\n- pay it into a custodial TDP scheme\u2019s bank account within 14 days\n\nThe court may also order you to repay your tenants up to 3 times their original deposit within 14 days of making the order.\n\n## At the end of the tenancy\n\nThe court may also decide that your tenants do not have to leave the property when the tenancy ends if you did not use a TDP scheme when you should have.\n\n## Disputes\n\nUse your tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme\u2019s free dispute resolution service if you disagree with your tenants about how much deposit should be returned.\n\nContact your TDP scheme for more information on the dispute resolution service. The schemes are:\n\n- Deposit Protection Service\n\n- MyDeposits\n\n- Tenancy Deposit Scheme\n\n## Help and advice\n\nYou can get more help and advice from:\n\n- your local Citizens Advice Bureau\n\n- a solicitor", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must place your tenants\u2019 deposit in a tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme if you rent out your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007.

    ", + "

    If you receive a valuable item as a deposit instead of money (for example a car or watch), you do not have to put it in a TDP.

    ", + "

    These government-backed schemes ensure your tenants will get their deposit back if they:

    ", + "
  • meet the terms of your tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • do not damage the property
    • ", + "
  • pay the rent and bills
    • ", + "

    You (or your letting agent) must put your tenants\u2019 deposit in the scheme within 30 days of getting it.

    ", + "

    Available schemes

    ", + "

    You can use any of the following schemes if your property is in England or Wales:

    ", + "
  • Deposit Protection Service
    • ", + "
  • MyDeposits
    • ", + "
  • Tenancy Deposit Scheme
    • ", + "

    There are separate TDP schemes in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    All TDP schemes offer you 2 options:

    ", + "
  • the scheme hold the deposit for free - known as a \u2018custodial\u2019 scheme
    • ", + "
  • you or the agent holds the deposit and you pay the scheme to insure it - known as an \u2018insured\u2019 scheme
    • ", + "

    At the end of the tenancy

    ", + "

    The deposit must be returned to your tenants within 10 days of you both agreeing how much they\u2019ll get back.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a dispute with your tenants

    ", + "

    The deposit is protected in the scheme until the issue is settled.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in an \u2018insured\u2019 scheme, you or the agent must give the deposit to the TDP scheme. They will hold it until the issue is settled.

    ", + "

    Holding deposits

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve received a holding deposit from your future tenants (money to \u2018hold\u2019 a property before an agreement is signed), you do not have to protect it. Once they become tenants the holding deposit becomes a deposit, and you must protect it.

    ", + "

    Deposits made by a third party

    ", + "

    You must use a TDP scheme even if the deposit is paid by someone else, like a rent deposit scheme or a tenant\u2019s parents.

    ", + "

    Information you must give to your tenants

    ", + "

    Within 30 days of getting their deposit, you must tell your tenants:

    ", + "
  • the address of the rented property
    • ", + "
  • how much deposit they\u2019ve paid
    • ", + "
  • how the deposit is protected
    • ", + "
  • the name and contact details of the tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme and its dispute resolution service
    • ", + "
  • your (or your letting agency\u2019s) name and contact details
    • ", + "
  • the name and contact details of any third party who paid the deposit
    • ", + "
  • why you would keep some or all of the deposit - for example, because your tenants damaged the property and you need to fix it
    • ", + "
  • how to apply to get the deposit back at the end of the tenancy
    • ", + "
  • what to do if they cannot get hold of you at the end of the tenancy
    • ", + "
  • what to do if there\u2019s a dispute over the amount of deposit to be returned at the end of the tenancy
    • ", + "

    If you do not protect your tenants' deposit

    ", + "

    Your tenants can apply to a county court if you do not use a tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme when you have to. They can do this at any time during the tenancy.

    ", + "

    If the court finds you have not protected the deposit, it can order you to either:

    ", + "
  • repay it to your tenants
    • ", + "
  • pay it into a custodial TDP scheme\u2019s bank account within 14 days
    • ", + "

    The court may also order you to repay your tenants up to 3 times their original deposit within 14 days of making the order.

    ", + "

    At the end of the tenancy

    ", + "

    The court may also decide that your tenants do not have to leave the property when the tenancy ends if you did not use a TDP scheme when you should have.

    ", + "

    Disputes

    ", + "

    Use your tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme\u2019s free dispute resolution service if you disagree with your tenants about how much deposit should be returned.

    ", + "

    Contact your TDP scheme for more information on the dispute resolution service. The schemes are:

    ", + "
  • Deposit Protection Service
    • ", + "
  • MyDeposits
    • ", + "
  • Tenancy Deposit Scheme
    • ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    You can get more help and advice from:

    ", + "
  • your local Citizens Advice Bureau
    • ", + "
  • a solicitor
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/evicting-tenants": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/evicting-tenants", + "title": "Evicting tenants (England and Wales)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must follow strict procedures if you want your tenants to leave your property.\n\nYou may be guilty of harassing or illegally evicting your tenants if you do not follow the correct procedures.\n\nThere\u2019s different guidance on:\n\n- evicting tenants in Northern Ireland\n\n- evicting tenants in Scotland\n\n## Procedures for different types of tenancy\n\nThe exact procedure will depend on the tenancy agreement and its terms.\n\n## Assured shorthold tenancies\n\nThe 2 types of assured shorthold tenancies are:\n\n- \u2018periodic\u2019 tenancies - these run week by week or month by month with no fixed end date\n\n- fixed-term tenancies - these run for a set amount of time\n\nYou must follow a set process if your tenants have an assured shorthold tenancy.\n\n- Give your tenants a Section 21 notice if you want the property back after a fixed term ends. Give them a Section 8 notice if they\u2019ve broken the terms of the tenancy. Find out how to give Section 21 and Section 8 notices.\n\n- Apply to the court for a standard possession order if your tenants do not leave by the date specified on the notice and they owe you rent. You can apply for an accelerated possession order if you\u2019re not claiming any unpaid rent.\n\n- Apply for a warrant for possession if your tenants still will not leave - this means bailiffs can remove the tenants from your property.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), bailiffs will not currently evict your tenants if your property is in Wales, unless there\u2019s a serious reason.\n\n## Excluded tenancies or licences\n\nYou do not have to go to court to evict your tenants if they have an excluded tenancy or licence, for example if they live with you.\n\nYou only need to give them \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. Reasonable notice usually means the length of the rental payment period, so if your tenants pay rent weekly you can give them one week\u2019s notice. The notice does not have to be in writing.\n\nYou can then change the locks on their rooms, even if they still have belongings in there.\n\n## Assured and regulated tenancies\n\nIf your tenants started their tenancy before 27 February 1997, they might have an assured or regulated tenancy. You\u2019ll then have to follow different rules to evict them and they\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction.\n\nYou can get information from Shelter about:\n\n- assured tenancies in England\n\n- regulated tenancies in England\n\nYou can get information from Shelter Cymru about:\n\n- assured tenancies in Wales\n\n- regulated tenancies in Wales\n\n## Your tenant owes rent and gets housing benefits\n\nIf your tenant owes you rent and claims Universal Credit or Housing Benefit you may be able get the rent paid straight to you instead of evicting them. This is known as \u2018managed payments\u2019.\n\nRequest managed payments if your tenant is claiming:\n\n- Universal Credit - apply to the Department for Work and Pensions\n\n- Housing Benefit - contact the local council that pays your tenants\u2019 benefits\n\n## Section 21 and Section 8 notices\n\nYou can evict tenants who have an assured shorthold tenancy using a Section 21 or Section 8 notice, or both.\n\nUse a Section 8 notice if your tenants have broken the terms of the tenancy.\n\n## Section 21 notice of seeking possession\n\nYou can use a Section 21 notice to evict your tenants either:\n\n- after a fixed term tenancy ends - if there\u2019s a written contract\n\n- during a tenancy with no fixed end date - known as a \u2018periodic\u2019 tenancy\n\nYou can get legal advice if you do not know which notice to give.\n\n## When you cannot use a Section 21 notice in England\n\nYou cannot use a Section 21 notice if any of the following apply:\n\n- it\u2019s less than 4 months since the tenancy started, or the fixed term has not ended, unless there\u2019s a clause in the contract which allows you to do this\n\n- the property is categorised as a house in multiple occupation (HMO) and does not have a HMO licence from the council\n\n- the tenancy started after April 2007 and you have not put the tenants\u2019 deposit in a deposit protection scheme\n\n- the tenancy started after October 2015 and you have not used form 6a or a letter with all the same information on it\n\n- the council has served an improvement notice on the property in the last 6 months\n\n- the council has served a notice in the last 6 months that says it will do emergency works on the property\n\n- you have not repaid any unlawful fees or deposits that you charged the tenant - read the guidance for landlords on the Tenant Fees Act 2019\n\nYou also cannot use a Section 21 notice if you have not given the tenants copies of:\n\n- the property\u2019s Energy Performance Certificate\n\n- the government\u2019s \u2018How to rent\u2019 guide\n\n- a current gas safety certificate for the property, if gas is installed\n\nYou must have given your tenants the gas safety certificate and the \u2018How to rent\u2019 guide before they moved in.\n\nYou must have given your tenants a copy of the property\u2019s Energy Performance Certificate before they rented the property.\n\n## When you cannot use a Section 21 notice in Wales\n\nYou cannot use a Section 21 notice if any of the following apply:\n\n- it\u2019s less than 4 months since the tenancy started, or the fixed term has not ended, unless there\u2019s a clause in the contract which allows you to do this\n\n- the property is categorised as a house in multiple occupation (HMO) and does not have a HMO licence from the council\n\n- the tenancy started after April 2007 and you have not put the tenants\u2019 deposit in a deposit protection scheme\n\n- the tenancy started after November 2016 and you do not have a landlord licence\n\n## Giving tenants a Section 21 notice\n\nIn England, use form 6a if the tenancy was started or renewed after 30 September 2015. You can also write your own Section 21 notice.\n\nIn Wales, you must explain in writing that you are serving an eviction notice under Section 21 of the Housing Act 1998.\n\n## How much notice you need to give\n\nUsually, a Section 21 notice must give your tenants at least 2 months\u2019 notice to leave your property. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) you must now give them a longer notice period.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, the notice period must have been at least 3 months.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, the notice period must have been at least 6 months.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice on or after 1 June 2021, the notice period must be at least 4 months.\n\nIn Wales, the notice period must be at least 6 months if you gave your tenant notice on or after 24 July 2020.\n\nIn England, you may need to give a longer notice period if you have a \u2018contractual\u2019 periodic tenancy. This is a fixed term tenancy that has ended, but included a clause to continue as a periodic tenancy. The amount of notice must be the same as the rental period, if this is more than 2 months. For example, if your tenant pays rent every 3 months, you must give 3 months\u2019 notice.\n\nIn Wales, if it\u2019s a periodic tenancy, you must let your tenants stay for the notice period and any additional time covered by their final rent payment.\n\n## After you give notice\n\nKeep proof that you gave notice to your tenants - either:\n\n- fill in the certification of service form (N215)\n\n- write \u201cserved by [your name] on [the date]\u201d on the notice\n\nIf your tenants do not leave by the specified date, you can use your completed N215 or notice to apply for an accelerated possession order.\n\n## Section 8 notice of seeking possession\n\nTo give your tenants notice using a Section 8, you must fill in a \u2018Notice seeking possession of a property let on an assured tenancy or an assured agricultural occupancy\u2019. Specify on the notice which terms of the tenancy they\u2019ve broken.\n\nYou can apply to the court for a possession order if your tenants do not leave by the specified date.\n\nYou can get legal advice on how to fill in a Section 8 with the correct notice periods and how to give it to your tenants.\n\n## How much notice you need to give\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice before 26 March 2020, you would have needed to give them up to 2 months to leave, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\nBecause of COVID-19, in most cases you must now give them a longer notice period.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, the notice period must have been at least 3 months.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, the notice period must have been at least 6 months.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice on or after 1 June 2021, the notice period must be at least 4 months.\n\nThe notice period can be shorter in some cases, for example if you are evicting tenants for antisocial behaviour. Find more information in the \u2018Technical guidance on eviction notices\u2019.\n\nIn Wales, if you gave notice on or after 24 July 2020, the notice period must be at least 6 months. If you want to evict your tenants because of antisocial behaviour, the notice period is still 3 months or more.\n\n## Standard possession orders\n\nYou can use the possession claim online service if you want to get your property back because your tenants owe you rent.\n\nThis is usually the next step if you cannot agree a rent repayment plan with your tenant.\n\nThe service lets you fill in court forms online and see how the claim is progressing. It costs \u00a3355.\n\n## If you made a possession claim before 3 August 2020\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to complete an N244 form to tell the court you want to continue with your claim.\n\nYou do not need to submit an N244 form if:\n\n- you submitted a reactivation notice to the court before 4pm on 30 April 2021\n\n- a judge has issued a possession order that says your tenants must leave the property\n\n## How to submit an N244 form\n\nYou\u2019ll need to either:\n\n- post 3 copies of the form with your payment to the court\n\n- email the form to the court and give your phone number - the court will call you so that you can pay over the phone\n\nIt will cost \u00a3255 if you want the court to give your tenants notice of your application or \u00a3100 if not - for example, if the case is urgent.\n\nIf the judge for your case decides that you need to give notice and you have not, you\u2019ll need to pay the extra \u00a3155.\n\nYou may be eligible for help with court fees.\n\n## When you cannot use the online service\n\nYou will not be able to use the online service for some kinds of standard possession claim, for example where there\u2019s been trespass on your property, or your tenants have broken the terms of the lease.\n\nFill in the paper standard possession claim form and post it to your local court that deals with housing possession.\n\nIt costs \u00a3355 to apply. Send a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 to the court with your completed form.\n\n## Accelerated possession orders\n\nYou can apply for an accelerated possession order if your tenants have not left by the date specified in your Section 21 notice and you\u2019re not claiming rent arrears.\n\nThis is sometimes quicker than applying for a standard possession order and there\u2019s usually no court hearing. It costs \u00a3355.\n\nFixed-term tenants cannot be evicted until their tenancy ends.\n\nIf you want to claim rent arrears you can use either the:\n\n- standard possession procedure\n\n- accelerated procedure to get your property back, then make a separate court claim for the rent arrears\n\n## If you made a possession claim before 3 August 2020\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to complete an N244 form to tell the court you want to continue with your claim.\n\nYou do not need to submit an N244 form if:\n\n- you submitted a reactivation notice to the court before 4pm on 30 April 2021\n\n- a judge has issued a possession order that says your tenants must leave the property\n\n## How to submit an N244 form\n\nYou\u2019ll need to either:\n\n- post 3 copies of the form with your payment to the court\n\n- email the form to the court and give your phone number - the court will call you so that you can pay over the phone\n\nIt will cost \u00a3255 if you want the court to give your tenants notice of your application or \u00a3100 if not - for example, if the case is urgent.\n\nIf the judge for your case decides that you need to give notice and you have not, you\u2019ll need to pay the extra \u00a3155.\n\nYou may be eligible for help with court fees.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- the form for properties in England (available in English and Welsh)\n\n- the form for properties in Wales (available in English and Welsh)\n\nSend the completed form to the nearest court that deals with housing possession.\n\n## What happens next\n\nOnce your application is approved, the court will send your tenants a copy of the application.\n\nYour tenants have 14 days to challenge the application, from the date they receive it.\n\nA judge will decide either to:\n\n- issue a possession order that states your tenants must leave the property (this is normally the case)\n\n- have a court hearing (this usually only happens if the paperwork is not in order or your tenants raise an important issue)\n\nEven if there\u2019s a hearing, the court can still decide to issue a possession order.\n\nIf your tenants are in an exceptionally difficult situation the judge may give them up to 6 weeks.\n\n## Possession hearings and orders\n\nThe judge could decide to make an order, or that a hearing is needed.\n\n## Hearings\n\nAt the hearing they might:\n\n- dismiss the court case - no order will be made and the hearing will end\n\n- adjourn the hearing - it will be moved to a later date (this happens if a judge believes a decision cannot be made on the day)\n\n- make an \u2018order\u2019 - a judge\u2019s legal decision on what should happen\n\nThe judge will dismiss the case if there\u2019s no reason your tenants should be evicted. This might also happen if:\n\n- you have not followed the correct procedure\n\n- you or your representative do not attend the hearing\n\n- your tenants have paid any rent that was owed\n\nYour tenants can stay in your property if the judge dismisses the case. You must restart the court process from the beginning if you still want to evict them.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and possession hearings\n\nTell the court as soon as possible if you cannot attend a hearing because you have COVID-19 symptoms or you have been told to self-isolate.\n\nThe judge will decide whether to delay your case or arrange for the hearing to take place remotely.\n\n## Orders\n\nThe judge can make different kinds of orders.\n\n## Order for possession (or \u2018outright possession order\u2019)\n\nThis means your tenants must leave your property before the date given in the order.\n\nThe date will be either 14 or 28 days after the court hearing.\n\nYou can ask the court to evict them with a \u2018warrant for possession\u2019 if your tenants do not leave your property by the date given. If the court gives a warrant, your tenants will be sent an eviction notice with a date by when they must leave your property.\n\n## Suspended order for possession\n\nThis means your tenants can stay in your property as long as they make the payments, or obey the conditions, set out in the order. You can ask the court to evict them if they do not make the payments.\n\nBecause of COVID-19, bailiffs will not currently evict your tenants if your property is in Wales, unless there\u2019s a serious reason(/evicting-tenants/eviction-notices-and-bailiffs).\n\n## Money order\n\nThis means your tenants must pay you a specified amount. The courts could take action if they do not make the payments, including:\n\n- deducting money from the tenants\u2019 wages or bank accounts\n\n- sending bailiffs to take away things they own\n\nYou can go to court again and ask for a possession order if your tenants get into rent arrears after a money order is made.\n\n## Possession orders with a money judgment\n\nA judge can add a money judgment to any of the possession orders. This means your tenants owe a specific amount of money, usually made up of:\n\n- their rent arrears\n\n- court fees\n\n- your legal costs\n\nThe money judgment will apply if they do not pay the amount set out in the suspended possession order that\u2019s linked to the judgment. If they do not pay, you can ask the court to carry out the instructions in the order and the judgment.\n\nThe money judgment will not apply if your tenants pay their arrears and the amount set out in a suspended possession order.\n\n## Appealing against the decision\n\nYou can only appeal if you can show the judge made mistakes in the original possession hearing. You\u2019ll need to ask the judge for permission to appeal at the end of that hearing.\n\nIf you get permission to appeal, you\u2019ll have to apply for an appeal hearing as soon as possible afterwards. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee, unless you qualify for financial help.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get legal advice.\n\n## Eviction notices and bailiffs\n\nYou can ask the court for a \u2018warrant for possession\u2019 if your tenants:\n\n- do not leave the property by the date given in an order for possession\n\n- break the terms of a suspended order for possession\n\nWhen the court issues a warrant, it will send your tenants an eviction notice with the date they must leave your property by. A bailiff can evict your tenants if they do not leave by this date.\n\nYou can apply for a warrant of possession up to 6 years after a possession order is made.\n\n## Changes to evictions in Wales because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nCurrently, bailiffs will not evict your tenants if your property is in Wales, unless there\u2019s a serious reason.\nThey will only enter the property if:\n\n- someone is living there illegally\n\n- your tenant has been involved in antisocial behaviour\n\nIf you have a serious reason to evict your tenants, read the guidance about what you need to do.\n\n## How to apply for a warrant\n\nYou can apply for a warrant for possession using either:\n\n- form N325\n\n- the Possession Claim Online service - as long as you used it to issue the original order for possession\n\nIt costs \u00a3121.\n\n## When a warrant is issued\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a warrant number by the court.\n\nYou\u2019ll also be sent an EX96 \u2018notice of appointment\u2019 form to tell you the date of the eviction.\n\nYou must fill in the form and return it to the court to confirm the eviction. Otherwise, the eviction will be cancelled.\n\n## If you transfer the warrant to the High Court\n\nYou can get a \u2018writ of possession\u2019 if you transfer the warrant from the county court to the High Court. This means a High Court enforcement officer can evict your tenants. You might get a faster eviction this way.\n\nBefore you transfer, you\u2019ll need to apply for permission from the county court if you do not already have it. It costs \u00a366.\n\n## Delaying eviction\n\nYour tenants can ask a judge to \u2018suspend\u2019 the warrant for possession at a new hearing. The judge could delay the eviction or let your tenants stay in your property if they can make payments again.\n\n## Changing payments\n\nIf your tenants\u2019 circumstances change, they can ask a judge at a new hearing to change what they pay.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get legal advice.\n\n## Harassment and illegal evictions\n\nIt\u2019s a crime to harass or try to force your tenants out of a property without following correct procedures. Your tenants might have the right to claim damages through the court if you do not follow the rules.\n\n## What is harassment?\n\nHarassment can be anything you do or do not do that makes your tenants feel unsafe in your property or forces them to leave.\n\nHarassment can include:\n\n- stopping services, like electricity\n\n- withholding keys, for example if there are 2 tenants in a property but you\u2019ll only give one key\n\n- refusing to carry out repairs\n\n- antisocial behaviour by someone on your behalf, for example your friend moves in next door to your tenants and causes problems\n\n- threats and physical violence\n\n## Illegal eviction\n\nYou may be guilty of illegal eviction if you:\n\n- do not give your tenants the right amount of notice to leave your property\n\n- change the locks\n\n- evict your tenants without a court order", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must follow strict procedures if you want your tenants to leave your property.

    ", + "

    You may be guilty of harassing or illegally evicting your tenants if you do not follow the correct procedures.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s different guidance on:

    ", + "
  • evicting tenants in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • evicting tenants in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Procedures for different types of tenancy

    ", + "

    The exact procedure will depend on the tenancy agreement and its terms.

    ", + "

    Assured shorthold tenancies

    ", + "

    The 2 types of assured shorthold tenancies are:

    ", + "
  • \u2018periodic\u2019 tenancies - these run week by week or month by month with no fixed end date
    • ", + "
  • fixed-term tenancies - these run for a set amount of time
    • ", + "

    You must follow a set process if your tenants have an assured shorthold tenancy.

    ", + "
  • Give your tenants a Section 21 notice if you want the property back after a fixed term ends. Give them a Section 8 notice if they\u2019ve broken the terms of the tenancy. Find out how to give Section 21 and Section 8 notices.
    • ", + "
  • Apply to the court for a standard possession order if your tenants do not leave by the date specified on the notice and they owe you rent. You can apply for an accelerated possession order if you\u2019re not claiming any unpaid rent.
    • ", + "
  • Apply for a warrant for possession if your tenants still will not leave - this means bailiffs can remove the tenants from your property.
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), bailiffs will not currently evict your tenants if your property is in Wales, unless there\u2019s a serious reason.

    ", + "

    Excluded tenancies or licences

    ", + "

    You do not have to go to court to evict your tenants if they have an excluded tenancy or licence, for example if they live with you.

    ", + "

    You only need to give them \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. Reasonable notice usually means the length of the rental payment period, so if your tenants pay rent weekly you can give them one week\u2019s notice. The notice does not have to be in writing.

    ", + "

    You can then change the locks on their rooms, even if they still have belongings in there.

    ", + "

    Assured and regulated tenancies

    ", + "

    If your tenants started their tenancy before 27 February 1997, they might have an assured or regulated tenancy. You\u2019ll then have to follow different rules to evict them and they\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction.

    ", + "

    You can get information from Shelter about:

    ", + "
  • assured tenancies in England
    • ", + "
  • regulated tenancies in England
    • ", + "

    You can get information from Shelter Cymru about:

    ", + "
  • assured tenancies in Wales
    • ", + "
  • regulated tenancies in Wales
    • ", + "

    Your tenant owes rent and gets housing benefits

    ", + "

    If your tenant owes you rent and claims Universal Credit or Housing Benefit you may be able get the rent paid straight to you instead of evicting them. This is known as \u2018managed payments\u2019.

    ", + "

    Request managed payments if your tenant is claiming:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit - apply to the Department for Work and Pensions
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit - contact the local council that pays your tenants\u2019 benefits
    • ", + "

    Section 21 and Section 8 notices

    ", + "

    You can evict tenants who have an assured shorthold tenancy using a Section 21 or Section 8 notice, or both.

    ", + "

    Use a Section 8 notice if your tenants have broken the terms of the tenancy.

    ", + "

    Section 21 notice of seeking possession

    ", + "

    You can use a Section 21 notice to evict your tenants either:

    ", + "
  • after a fixed term tenancy ends - if there\u2019s a written contract
    • ", + "
  • during a tenancy with no fixed end date - known as a \u2018periodic\u2019 tenancy
    • ", + "

    You can get legal advice if you do not know which notice to give.

    ", + "

    When you cannot use a Section 21 notice in England

    ", + "

    You cannot use a Section 21 notice if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 4 months since the tenancy started, or the fixed term has not ended, unless there\u2019s a clause in the contract which allows you to do this
    • ", + "
  • the property is categorised as a house in multiple occupation (HMO) and does not have a HMO licence from the council
    • ", + "
  • the tenancy started after April 2007 and you have not put the tenants\u2019 deposit in a deposit protection scheme
    • ", + "
  • the tenancy started after October 2015 and you have not used form 6a or a letter with all the same information on it
    • ", + "
  • the council has served an improvement notice on the property in the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • the council has served a notice in the last 6 months that says it will do emergency works on the property
    • ", + "
  • you have not repaid any unlawful fees or deposits that you charged the tenant - read the guidance for landlords on the Tenant Fees Act 2019
    • ", + "

    You also cannot use a Section 21 notice if you have not given the tenants copies of:

    ", + "
  • the property\u2019s Energy Performance Certificate
    • ", + "
  • the government\u2019s \u2018How to rent\u2019 guide
    • ", + "
  • a current gas safety certificate for the property, if gas is installed
    • ", + "

    You must have given your tenants the gas safety certificate and the \u2018How to rent\u2019 guide before they moved in.

    ", + "

    You must have given your tenants a copy of the property\u2019s Energy Performance Certificate before they rented the property.

    ", + "

    When you cannot use a Section 21 notice in Wales

    ", + "

    You cannot use a Section 21 notice if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 4 months since the tenancy started, or the fixed term has not ended, unless there\u2019s a clause in the contract which allows you to do this
    • ", + "
  • the property is categorised as a house in multiple occupation (HMO) and does not have a HMO licence from the council
    • ", + "
  • the tenancy started after April 2007 and you have not put the tenants\u2019 deposit in a deposit protection scheme
    • ", + "
  • the tenancy started after November 2016 and you do not have a landlord licence
    • ", + "

    Giving tenants a Section 21 notice

    ", + "

    In England, use form 6a if the tenancy was started or renewed after 30 September 2015. You can also write your own Section 21 notice.

    ", + "

    In Wales, you must explain in writing that you are serving an eviction notice under Section 21 of the Housing Act 1998.

    ", + "

    How much notice you need to give

    ", + "

    Usually, a Section 21 notice must give your tenants at least 2 months\u2019 notice to leave your property. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) you must now give them a longer notice period.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, the notice period must have been at least 3 months.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, the notice period must have been at least 6 months.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice on or after 1 June 2021, the notice period must be at least 4 months.

    ", + "

    In Wales, the notice period must be at least 6 months if you gave your tenant notice on or after 24 July 2020.

    ", + "

    In England, you may need to give a longer notice period if you have a \u2018contractual\u2019 periodic tenancy. This is a fixed term tenancy that has ended, but included a clause to continue as a periodic tenancy. The amount of notice must be the same as the rental period, if this is more than 2 months. For example, if your tenant pays rent every 3 months, you must give 3 months\u2019 notice.

    ", + "

    In Wales, if it\u2019s a periodic tenancy, you must let your tenants stay for the notice period and any additional time covered by their final rent payment.

    ", + "

    After you give notice

    ", + "

    Keep proof that you gave notice to your tenants - either:

    ", + "
  • fill in the certification of service form (N215)
    • ", + "
  • write \u201cserved by [your name] on [the date]\u201d on the notice
    • ", + "

    If your tenants do not leave by the specified date, you can use your completed N215 or notice to apply for an accelerated possession order.

    ", + "

    Section 8 notice of seeking possession

    ", + "

    To give your tenants notice using a Section 8, you must fill in a \u2018Notice seeking possession of a property let on an assured tenancy or an assured agricultural occupancy\u2019. Specify on the notice which terms of the tenancy they\u2019ve broken.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the court for a possession order if your tenants do not leave by the specified date.

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice on how to fill in a Section 8 with the correct notice periods and how to give it to your tenants.

    ", + "

    How much notice you need to give

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice before 26 March 2020, you would have needed to give them up to 2 months to leave, depending on the reason for eviction.

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, in most cases you must now give them a longer notice period.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, the notice period must have been at least 3 months.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, the notice period must have been at least 6 months.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice on or after 1 June 2021, the notice period must be at least 4 months.

    ", + "

    The notice period can be shorter in some cases, for example if you are evicting tenants for antisocial behaviour. Find more information in the \u2018Technical guidance on eviction notices\u2019.

    ", + "

    In Wales, if you gave notice on or after 24 July 2020, the notice period must be at least 6 months. If you want to evict your tenants because of antisocial behaviour, the notice period is still 3 months or more.

    ", + "

    Standard possession orders

    ", + "

    You can use the possession claim online service if you want to get your property back because your tenants owe you rent.

    ", + "

    This is usually the next step if you cannot agree a rent repayment plan with your tenant.

    ", + "

    The service lets you fill in court forms online and see how the claim is progressing. It costs \u00a3355.

    ", + "

    If you made a possession claim before 3 August 2020

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to complete an N244 form to tell the court you want to continue with your claim.

    ", + "

    You do not need to submit an N244 form if:

    ", + "
  • you submitted a reactivation notice to the court before 4pm on 30 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • a judge has issued a possession order that says your tenants must leave the property
    • ", + "

    How to submit an N244 form

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to either:

    ", + "
  • post 3 copies of the form with your payment to the court
    • ", + "
  • email the form to the court and give your phone number - the court will call you so that you can pay over the phone
    • ", + "

    It will cost \u00a3255 if you want the court to give your tenants notice of your application or \u00a3100 if not - for example, if the case is urgent.

    ", + "

    If the judge for your case decides that you need to give notice and you have not, you\u2019ll need to pay the extra \u00a3155.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for help with court fees.

    ", + "

    When you cannot use the online service

    ", + "

    You will not be able to use the online service for some kinds of standard possession claim, for example where there\u2019s been trespass on your property, or your tenants have broken the terms of the lease.

    ", + "

    Fill in the paper standard possession claim form and post it to your local court that deals with housing possession.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3355 to apply. Send a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 to the court with your completed form.

    ", + "

    Accelerated possession orders

    ", + "

    You can apply for an accelerated possession order if your tenants have not left by the date specified in your Section 21 notice and you\u2019re not claiming rent arrears.

    ", + "

    This is sometimes quicker than applying for a standard possession order and there\u2019s usually no court hearing. It costs \u00a3355.

    ", + "

    Fixed-term tenants cannot be evicted until their tenancy ends.

    ", + "

    If you want to claim rent arrears you can use either the:

    ", + "
  • standard possession procedure
    • ", + "
  • accelerated procedure to get your property back, then make a separate court claim for the rent arrears
    • ", + "

    If you made a possession claim before 3 August 2020

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to complete an N244 form to tell the court you want to continue with your claim.

    ", + "

    You do not need to submit an N244 form if:

    ", + "
  • you submitted a reactivation notice to the court before 4pm on 30 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • a judge has issued a possession order that says your tenants must leave the property
    • ", + "

    How to submit an N244 form

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to either:

    ", + "
  • post 3 copies of the form with your payment to the court
    • ", + "
  • email the form to the court and give your phone number - the court will call you so that you can pay over the phone
    • ", + "

    It will cost \u00a3255 if you want the court to give your tenants notice of your application or \u00a3100 if not - for example, if the case is urgent.

    ", + "

    If the judge for your case decides that you need to give notice and you have not, you\u2019ll need to pay the extra \u00a3155.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for help with court fees.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • the form for properties in England (available in English and Welsh)
    • ", + "
  • the form for properties in Wales (available in English and Welsh)
    • ", + "

    Send the completed form to the nearest court that deals with housing possession.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Once your application is approved, the court will send your tenants a copy of the application.

    ", + "

    Your tenants have 14 days to challenge the application, from the date they receive it.

    ", + "

    A judge will decide either to:

    ", + "
  • issue a possession order that states your tenants must leave the property (this is normally the case)
    • ", + "
  • have a court hearing (this usually only happens if the paperwork is not in order or your tenants raise an important issue)
    • ", + "

    Even if there\u2019s a hearing, the court can still decide to issue a possession order.

    ", + "

    If your tenants are in an exceptionally difficult situation the judge may give them up to 6 weeks.

    ", + "

    Possession hearings and orders

    ", + "

    The judge could decide to make an order, or that a hearing is needed.

    ", + "

    Hearings

    ", + "

    At the hearing they might:

    ", + "
  • dismiss the court case - no order will be made and the hearing will end
    • ", + "
  • adjourn the hearing - it will be moved to a later date (this happens if a judge believes a decision cannot be made on the day)
    • ", + "
  • make an \u2018order\u2019 - a judge\u2019s legal decision on what should happen
    • ", + "

    The judge will dismiss the case if there\u2019s no reason your tenants should be evicted. This might also happen if:

    ", + "
  • you have not followed the correct procedure
    • ", + "
  • you or your representative do not attend the hearing
    • ", + "
  • your tenants have paid any rent that was owed
    • ", + "

    Your tenants can stay in your property if the judge dismisses the case. You must restart the court process from the beginning if you still want to evict them.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and possession hearings

    ", + "

    Tell the court as soon as possible if you cannot attend a hearing because you have COVID-19 symptoms or you have been told to self-isolate.

    ", + "

    The judge will decide whether to delay your case or arrange for the hearing to take place remotely.

    ", + "

    Orders

    ", + "

    The judge can make different kinds of orders.

    ", + "

    Order for possession (or \u2018outright possession order\u2019)

    ", + "

    This means your tenants must leave your property before the date given in the order.

    ", + "

    The date will be either 14 or 28 days after the court hearing.

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to evict them with a \u2018warrant for possession\u2019 if your tenants do not leave your property by the date given. If the court gives a warrant, your tenants will be sent an eviction notice with a date by when they must leave your property.

    ", + "

    Suspended order for possession

    ", + "

    This means your tenants can stay in your property as long as they make the payments, or obey the conditions, set out in the order. You can ask the court to evict them if they do not make the payments.

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, bailiffs will not currently evict your tenants if your property is in Wales, unless there\u2019s a serious reason(/evicting-tenants/eviction-notices-and-bailiffs).

    ", + "

    Money order

    ", + "

    This means your tenants must pay you a specified amount. The courts could take action if they do not make the payments, including:

    ", + "
  • deducting money from the tenants\u2019 wages or bank accounts
    • ", + "
  • sending bailiffs to take away things they own
    • ", + "

    You can go to court again and ask for a possession order if your tenants get into rent arrears after a money order is made.

    ", + "

    Possession orders with a money judgment

    ", + "

    A judge can add a money judgment to any of the possession orders. This means your tenants owe a specific amount of money, usually made up of:

    ", + "
  • their rent arrears
    • ", + "
  • court fees
    • ", + "
  • your legal costs
    • ", + "

    The money judgment will apply if they do not pay the amount set out in the suspended possession order that\u2019s linked to the judgment. If they do not pay, you can ask the court to carry out the instructions in the order and the judgment.

    ", + "

    The money judgment will not apply if your tenants pay their arrears and the amount set out in a suspended possession order.

    ", + "

    Appealing against the decision

    ", + "

    You can only appeal if you can show the judge made mistakes in the original possession hearing. You\u2019ll need to ask the judge for permission to appeal at the end of that hearing.

    ", + "

    If you get permission to appeal, you\u2019ll have to apply for an appeal hearing as soon as possible afterwards. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee, unless you qualify for financial help.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get legal advice.

    ", + "

    Eviction notices and bailiffs

    ", + "

    You can ask the court for a \u2018warrant for possession\u2019 if your tenants:

    ", + "
  • do not leave the property by the date given in an order for possession
    • ", + "
  • break the terms of a suspended order for possession
    • ", + "

    When the court issues a warrant, it will send your tenants an eviction notice with the date they must leave your property by. A bailiff can evict your tenants if they do not leave by this date.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a warrant of possession up to 6 years after a possession order is made.

    ", + "

    Changes to evictions in Wales because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    Currently, bailiffs will not evict your tenants if your property is in Wales, unless there\u2019s a serious reason.\nThey will only enter the property if:

    ", + "
  • someone is living there illegally
    • ", + "
  • your tenant has been involved in antisocial behaviour
    • ", + "

    If you have a serious reason to evict your tenants, read the guidance about what you need to do.

    ", + "

    How to apply for a warrant

    ", + "

    You can apply for a warrant for possession using either:

    ", + "
  • form N325
    • ", + "
  • the Possession Claim Online service - as long as you used it to issue the original order for possession
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a3121.

    ", + "

    When a warrant is issued

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a warrant number by the court.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be sent an EX96 \u2018notice of appointment\u2019 form to tell you the date of the eviction.

    ", + "

    You must fill in the form and return it to the court to confirm the eviction. Otherwise, the eviction will be cancelled.

    ", + "

    If you transfer the warrant to the High Court

    ", + "

    You can get a \u2018writ of possession\u2019 if you transfer the warrant from the county court to the High Court. This means a High Court enforcement officer can evict your tenants. You might get a faster eviction this way.

    ", + "

    Before you transfer, you\u2019ll need to apply for permission from the county court if you do not already have it. It costs \u00a366.

    ", + "

    Delaying eviction

    ", + "

    Your tenants can ask a judge to \u2018suspend\u2019 the warrant for possession at a new hearing. The judge could delay the eviction or let your tenants stay in your property if they can make payments again.

    ", + "

    Changing payments

    ", + "

    If your tenants\u2019 circumstances change, they can ask a judge at a new hearing to change what they pay.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get legal advice.

    ", + "

    Harassment and illegal evictions

    ", + "

    It\u2019s a crime to harass or try to force your tenants out of a property without following correct procedures. Your tenants might have the right to claim damages through the court if you do not follow the rules.

    ", + "

    What is harassment?

    ", + "

    Harassment can be anything you do or do not do that makes your tenants feel unsafe in your property or forces them to leave.

    ", + "

    Harassment can include:

    ", + "
  • stopping services, like electricity
    • ", + "
  • withholding keys, for example if there are 2 tenants in a property but you\u2019ll only give one key
    • ", + "
  • refusing to carry out repairs
    • ", + "
  • antisocial behaviour by someone on your behalf, for example your friend moves in next door to your tenants and causes problems
    • ", + "
  • threats and physical violence
    • ", + "

    Illegal eviction

    ", + "

    You may be guilty of illegal eviction if you:

    ", + "
  • do not give your tenants the right amount of notice to leave your property
    • ", + "
  • change the locks
    • ", + "
  • evict your tenants without a court order
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/park-mobile-homes": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/park-mobile-homes", + "title": "Park (mobile) homes", + "content": "## Your rights and obligations\n\nYour rights and obligations are listed in a written agreement with the park (or site) owner. This sets out:\n\n- your minimum legal rights and obligations, like your right to keep your park home on its pitch\n\n- the rules, charges and services\n\nYou have 28 days to review it before signing.\n\nYou still have rights and obligations as a park home resident even if you do not have a written agreement.\n\nPark home owners have different rights and responsibilities in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Keeping your home in good condition\n\nYou must:\n\n- repair your home when necessary\n\n- keep the outside of your home and pitch clean and tidy, including any fences or outbuildings that you own or use on your pitch\n\n## Site licence\n\nPrivately owned sites must have a licence from the local council. The park owner must clearly display the licence. It will usually have conditions for:\n\n- how many homes can be in the park\n\n- services and amenities\n\n- health and safety\n\nComplain to the park owner about conditions in your park. Contact your local council if you cannot sort out the issue with the park owner.\n\nYou could be forced to leave if you live on a site without planning permission for residential use.\n\n## Renting a park home\n\nYou have a rent contract if you pay rent to a landlord. It does not have to be in writing.\n\n## If you do not have a written contract\n\nYou should be able to stay for a year from the date you moved in even if you do not have anything in writing.\n\n## If you have a written contract\n\nA written contract should say how long you can live in your home.\n\nDuring this time your landlord can still ask you to leave if:\n\n- your contract says they can ask you to leave with 4 weeks\u2019 notice\n\n- you break the rules (\u2018terms\u2019) of your contract and it says the owner can ask you to leave as a result\n\n## When your contract ends\n\nYour landlord can ask you to leave as long as they give you 4 weeks\u2019 notice. If you do not leave the owner can ask the court for an \u2018eviction order\u2019 which forces you to leave.\n\n## If your landlord tries to evict you\n\nIf your landlord tries to evict you (force you to leave), you\u2019ll have more rights to stay if you live on a \u2018protected site\u2019.\n\nA protected site is a mobile home park which has planning permission to have residents living there throughout the year. A holiday park is not a protected site.\n\nYour right to stay also depends on:\n\n- what your rental contract says\n\n- whether your home is counted as a \u2018dwelling house\u2019, which means you have rights from tenancy laws\n\nTo be a dwelling house your park home must be:\n\n- your permanent residence \u2013 where you live most or all of the time\n\n- connected to mains electricity or water\n\n- unmovable or so large that it cannot be moved in one piece, for example you cannot drive it or tow it away yourself\n\n## Types of tenancy\n\nThe type of tenancy you have depends on the date you moved in and started paying rent. You will have:\n\n- a regulated tenancy if you moved in and started paying rent before 15 January 1989\n\n- an assured or assured shorthold tenancy if you moved in and started paying rent on or after 15 January 1989\n\n## Getting advice\n\nTenancy rights can be complicated and depend on your situation. You should get legal advice if you think your landlord is treating you unfairly.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice, the Leasehold Advisory Service or charities such as Shelter or Age UK if you have questions.\n\nFind out about call charges\n\n## Charges\n\n## Pitch fee\n\nYou have to pay a \u2018pitch fee\u2019 to the park owner to rent the land your park home sits on.\n\nThe park owner can propose to change it once a year. They must give you 28 days\u2019 notice in writing.\n\nYou or the park owner can apply to a tribunal to decide the pitch fee if you cannot agree on it.\n\n## Gas, water, electricity and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)\n\nThe Office of the Gas and Electricity Markets (Ofgem) sets the amount the park owner can charge you for gas and electricity.\n\nThe park owner cannot charge you more for gas and electricity than they paid for it, including any connection charges.\n\nFor water, the park owner can only charge what the water company charges and a reasonable administration fee.\n\nCharges for LPG are not regulated.\n\n## Selling or giving away a park home\n\n## Selling\n\nThe park owner gets up to 10% of the selling price (known as a \u2018commission\u2019) when you sell your home.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- give the buyer certain information - for example about the commission and pitch fees\n\n- tell the park owner about the sale\n\n- assign (transfer) the pitch agreement to the new owner\n\n- tell the buyer to fill in a \u2018Notice of Assignment form\u2019 so they can pay the commission to the park owner\n\nYou must fill in the correct form for park home buyers and sellers to sell your home.\n\nPark homes do not need an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC).\n\nThe park owner may be able to object to you selling your home. They must apply to a tribunal.\n\n## Giving away\n\nYou have the right to \u2018gift\u2019 (give away) your park home and pass on your agreement to a family member. Use the \u2018Notice of proposed gift form\u2019 to send the park owner proof of how you\u2019re related to the family member.\n\n## Inheritance rules\n\nAnyone will be able to carry on the agreement when you die if they\u2019re:\n\n- a family member living with you at the time you die\n\n- your husband, wife or civil partner\n\nSomeone who is not living with you or is not your husband, wife or civil partner will have to get approval from the park owner to live there.\n\nRead detailed information on buying, selling or gifting your park (mobile) home.\n\n## Park repairs and improvements\n\nPark owners are responsible for:\n\n- keeping common areas (like shared paths) in good condition\n\n- repairing the area where your home sits (the \u2018base\u2019)\n\n- maintaining any services they supply to your home or pitch (like sewerage)\n\n## Park improvements\n\nIf the park owner plans to make improvements, they must:\n\n- give you at least 28 days\u2019 notice in writing and let you know how you can comment on the plans\n\n- tell you if it will affect your pitch fee\n\nThey can go ahead with improvements even if most residents disagree.\nThe park owner can sometimes recover improvement costs through a pitch fee increase. If you disagree, you can apply to a tribunal. Contact the Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Residents\u2019 associations\n\nYou can set up a \u2018qualifying\u2019 residents\u2019 association to represent home owners in the mobile home park where you live.\n\nQualifying residents\u2019 associations have certain rights and park owners should consult the residents\u2019 association when they want to spend money on improvements or change how they run the park.\n\nPark owners must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice of any changes and take the association\u2019s concerns into account before they make changes.\n\n## Setting up a qualifying residents\u2019 association\n\nYour association must include at least half of the home owners in your park. Residents who rent their homes cannot join.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to keep certain records and documents, like:\n\n- an up-to-date list of members\n\n- a constitution\n\n- any other rules of the association\n\nYou\u2019ll have to elect a:\n\n- chairman\n\n- secretary\n\n- treasurer\n\nThe chairman, secretary and treasurer can make administrative decisions. Members should vote on all other decisions.\n\nYou need to ask the park owner to \u2018acknowledge\u2019 your association. You can apply to a tribunal if they refuse. They can order the park owner to acknowledge your association.\n\nYour association can continue to meet if it does not meet the qualifying conditions but the park owner will not have to talk to the association about park operations and management.\n\n## Settling disputes\n\nIf you have a dispute with the park owner that you cannot work out, you can apply to a tribunal. Decisions made by the tribunal are legally binding.\n\nIf your agreement says you must use an arbitrator, ignore it. You must use a tribunal instead.\n\nThe tribunal can settle certain disputes, for example:\n\n- changing a residence agreement\n\n- changing the pitch fee\n\n- moving a park home\n\n- damage and repairs to the site\n\n- transferring ownership of a park home to someone else\n\nFind out more about the types of disputes the tribunal can solve.\n\n## Get help\n\nContact the Leasehold Advisory Service for advice if you\u2019re not sure whether you have a case.\n\nCall the tribunal if you have any questions about completing the form. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Your rights and obligations

    ", + "

    Your rights and obligations are listed in a written agreement with the park (or site) owner. This sets out:

    ", + "
  • your minimum legal rights and obligations, like your right to keep your park home on its pitch
    • ", + "
  • the rules, charges and services
    • ", + "

    You have 28 days to review it before signing.

    ", + "

    You still have rights and obligations as a park home resident even if you do not have a written agreement.

    ", + "

    Park home owners have different rights and responsibilities in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Keeping your home in good condition

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • repair your home when necessary
    • ", + "
  • keep the outside of your home and pitch clean and tidy, including any fences or outbuildings that you own or use on your pitch
    • ", + "

    Site licence

    ", + "

    Privately owned sites must have a licence from the local council. The park owner must clearly display the licence. It will usually have conditions for:

    ", + "
  • how many homes can be in the park
    • ", + "
  • services and amenities
    • ", + "
  • health and safety
    • ", + "

    Complain to the park owner about conditions in your park. Contact your local council if you cannot sort out the issue with the park owner.

    ", + "

    You could be forced to leave if you live on a site without planning permission for residential use.

    ", + "

    Renting a park home

    ", + "

    You have a rent contract if you pay rent to a landlord. It does not have to be in writing.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a written contract

    ", + "

    You should be able to stay for a year from the date you moved in even if you do not have anything in writing.

    ", + "

    If you have a written contract

    ", + "

    A written contract should say how long you can live in your home.

    ", + "

    During this time your landlord can still ask you to leave if:

    ", + "
  • your contract says they can ask you to leave with 4 weeks\u2019 notice
    • ", + "
  • you break the rules (\u2018terms\u2019) of your contract and it says the owner can ask you to leave as a result
    • ", + "

    When your contract ends

    ", + "

    Your landlord can ask you to leave as long as they give you 4 weeks\u2019 notice. If you do not leave the owner can ask the court for an \u2018eviction order\u2019 which forces you to leave.

    ", + "

    If your landlord tries to evict you

    ", + "

    If your landlord tries to evict you (force you to leave), you\u2019ll have more rights to stay if you live on a \u2018protected site\u2019.

    ", + "

    A protected site is a mobile home park which has planning permission to have residents living there throughout the year. A holiday park is not a protected site.

    ", + "

    Your right to stay also depends on:

    ", + "
  • what your rental contract says
    • ", + "
  • whether your home is counted as a \u2018dwelling house\u2019, which means you have rights from tenancy laws
    • ", + "

    To be a dwelling house your park home must be:

    ", + "
  • your permanent residence \u2013 where you live most or all of the time
    • ", + "
  • connected to mains electricity or water
    • ", + "
  • unmovable or so large that it cannot be moved in one piece, for example you cannot drive it or tow it away yourself
    • ", + "

    Types of tenancy

    ", + "

    The type of tenancy you have depends on the date you moved in and started paying rent. You will have:

    ", + "
  • a regulated tenancy if you moved in and started paying rent before 15 January 1989
    • ", + "
  • an assured or assured shorthold tenancy if you moved in and started paying rent on or after 15 January 1989
    • ", + "

    Getting advice

    ", + "

    Tenancy rights can be complicated and depend on your situation. You should get legal advice if you think your landlord is treating you unfairly.

    ", + "

    You can also contact Citizens Advice, the Leasehold Advisory Service or charities such as Shelter or Age UK if you have questions.

    ", + "

    Find out about call charges

    ", + "

    Charges

    ", + "

    Pitch fee

    ", + "

    You have to pay a \u2018pitch fee\u2019 to the park owner to rent the land your park home sits on.

    ", + "

    The park owner can propose to change it once a year. They must give you 28 days\u2019 notice in writing.

    ", + "

    You or the park owner can apply to a tribunal to decide the pitch fee if you cannot agree on it.

    ", + "

    Gas, water, electricity and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)

    ", + "

    The Office of the Gas and Electricity Markets (Ofgem) sets the amount the park owner can charge you for gas and electricity.

    ", + "

    The park owner cannot charge you more for gas and electricity than they paid for it, including any connection charges.

    ", + "

    For water, the park owner can only charge what the water company charges and a reasonable administration fee.

    ", + "

    Charges for LPG are not regulated.

    ", + "

    Selling or giving away a park home

    ", + "

    Selling

    ", + "

    The park owner gets up to 10% of the selling price (known as a \u2018commission\u2019) when you sell your home.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • give the buyer certain information - for example about the commission and pitch fees
    • ", + "
  • tell the park owner about the sale
    • ", + "
  • assign (transfer) the pitch agreement to the new owner
    • ", + "
  • tell the buyer to fill in a \u2018Notice of Assignment form\u2019 so they can pay the commission to the park owner
    • ", + "

    You must fill in the correct form for park home buyers and sellers to sell your home.

    ", + "

    Park homes do not need an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC).

    ", + "

    The park owner may be able to object to you selling your home. They must apply to a tribunal.

    ", + "

    Giving away

    ", + "

    You have the right to \u2018gift\u2019 (give away) your park home and pass on your agreement to a family member. Use the \u2018Notice of proposed gift form\u2019 to send the park owner proof of how you\u2019re related to the family member.

    ", + "

    Inheritance rules

    ", + "

    Anyone will be able to carry on the agreement when you die if they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a family member living with you at the time you die
    • ", + "
  • your husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "

    Someone who is not living with you or is not your husband, wife or civil partner will have to get approval from the park owner to live there.

    ", + "

    Read detailed information on buying, selling or gifting your park (mobile) home.

    ", + "

    Park repairs and improvements

    ", + "

    Park owners are responsible for:

    ", + "
  • keeping common areas (like shared paths) in good condition
    • ", + "
  • repairing the area where your home sits (the \u2018base\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • maintaining any services they supply to your home or pitch (like sewerage)
    • ", + "

    Park improvements

    ", + "

    If the park owner plans to make improvements, they must:

    ", + "
  • give you at least 28 days\u2019 notice in writing and let you know how you can comment on the plans
    • ", + "
  • tell you if it will affect your pitch fee
    • ", + "

    They can go ahead with improvements even if most residents disagree.\nThe park owner can sometimes recover improvement costs through a pitch fee increase. If you disagree, you can apply to a tribunal. Contact the Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.

    ", + "

    Residents\u2019 associations

    ", + "

    You can set up a \u2018qualifying\u2019 residents\u2019 association to represent home owners in the mobile home park where you live.

    ", + "

    Qualifying residents\u2019 associations have certain rights and park owners should consult the residents\u2019 association when they want to spend money on improvements or change how they run the park.

    ", + "

    Park owners must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice of any changes and take the association\u2019s concerns into account before they make changes.

    ", + "

    Setting up a qualifying residents\u2019 association

    ", + "

    Your association must include at least half of the home owners in your park. Residents who rent their homes cannot join.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to keep certain records and documents, like:

    ", + "
  • an up-to-date list of members
    • ", + "
  • a constitution
    • ", + "
  • any other rules of the association
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to elect a:

    ", + "
  • chairman
    • ", + "
  • secretary
    • ", + "
  • treasurer
    • ", + "

    The chairman, secretary and treasurer can make administrative decisions. Members should vote on all other decisions.

    ", + "

    You need to ask the park owner to \u2018acknowledge\u2019 your association. You can apply to a tribunal if they refuse. They can order the park owner to acknowledge your association.

    ", + "

    Your association can continue to meet if it does not meet the qualifying conditions but the park owner will not have to talk to the association about park operations and management.

    ", + "

    Settling disputes

    ", + "

    If you have a dispute with the park owner that you cannot work out, you can apply to a tribunal. Decisions made by the tribunal are legally binding.

    ", + "

    If your agreement says you must use an arbitrator, ignore it. You must use a tribunal instead.

    ", + "

    The tribunal can settle certain disputes, for example:

    ", + "
  • changing a residence agreement
    • ", + "
  • changing the pitch fee
    • ", + "
  • moving a park home
    • ", + "
  • damage and repairs to the site
    • ", + "
  • transferring ownership of a park home to someone else
    • ", + "

    Find out more about the types of disputes the tribunal can solve.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Leasehold Advisory Service for advice if you\u2019re not sure whether you have a case.

    ", + "

    Call the tribunal if you have any questions about completing the form. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/rent-room-in-your-home": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rent-room-in-your-home", + "title": "Rent a room in your home", + "content": "## Becoming a resident landlord\n\nYou\u2019re a resident landlord if you let out part of a property which is your only or main home.\n\nIf you only occasionally rent out part of your home (for example through short-term rental apps), check if you need to tell HMRC about this income.\n\nIf so, you\u2019ll have certain rights and responsibilities:\n\n- you\u2019re responsible for keeping the property safe and in good repair\n\n- a tenant or lodger doesn\u2019t have the right to challenge the agreed rent\n\n- you may be able to earn \u00a37,500 per year tax-free under the Rent a Room Scheme\n\n- you can give less notice to end a letting than if you rented out the property as a whole\n\nAsk potential tenants or lodgers for references and follow them up before signing any agreement. Read the guide about letting rooms in your home for more information.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and your responsibilities\n\nYour responsibilities as a resident landlord have not changed because of coronavirus. You can read more coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\n## The Rent a Room Scheme\n\nThe Rent a Room Scheme lets you earn up to a threshold of \u00a37,500 per year tax-free from letting out furnished accommodation in your home. This is halved if you share the income with your partner or someone else.\n\nYou can let out as much of your home as you want.\n\n## How it works\n\nThe tax exemption is automatic if you earn less than \u00a37,500. This means you do not need to do anything.\n\nIf you earn more than this you must complete a tax return.\n\nYou can then opt into the scheme and claim your tax-free allowance. You do this on your tax return.\n\nYou can choose not to opt into the scheme and instead record your income and expenses on the property pages of your tax return.\n\n## More information\n\nRead the Rent a Room helpsheet for more detailed information on how to complete the form, and when it makes sense to opt out of the scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can opt in to the scheme at any time if:\n\n- you\u2019re a resident landlord, whether or not you own your home\n\n- you run a bed and breakfast or a guest house\n\nYou cannot use the scheme for homes converted into separate flats.\n\n## Your lodger's tenancy type\n\nThe way you share your home with a lodger affects what kind of tenancy they have. This in turn affects their rights and how you can end the tenancy.\n\n## Your lodger is an excluded occupier\n\nYour lodger is likely to be an excluded occupier if:\n\n- they live in your home\n\n- you or a member of your family share a kitchen, bathroom or living room with them\n\nIn this case, you only have to give them \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to end the letting - and you will not have to go to court to evict them.\n\nReasonable notice usually means the length of the rental payment period. For example, if rent is paid monthly, you should give one month\u2019s notice.\n\n## Your lodger has basic protection\n\nYour lodger is likely to be an occupier with basic protection if:\n\n- they live in your home\n\n- they do not share any living space with you or your family\n\nIf your lodger will not leave when you ask them, you\u2019ll need to get a court order to evict them.\n\nThe charity Shelter has advice on excluded occupiers and occupiers with basic protection.\n\n## The length of the let\n\nA tenancy or a licence can be either:\n\n- periodic - run indefinitely from 1 rent period to the next\n\n- fixed term - last a set number of weeks, months or years\n\nIf you do not agree the length of a let, it will automatically become a periodic let.\n\nLicences can be open-ended for informal arrangements, like allowing a friend to stay on an as-and-when basis.\n\n## Rent, bills and tax\n\n## Rent\n\nYou can charge what you want for rent but should agree the amount with your tenant beforehand. You can also ask for a deposit and you can accept Housing Benefit for rent.\n\nYou must provide a rent book for tenants who pay weekly.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and rent\n\nTenant responsibilities to pay rent have not changed because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Your tenant should continue to pay rent if they can. You can read coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\nYou and your tenant can get advice from Shelter, Citizens Advice and The Money Advice Service.\n\n## Council Tax\n\nYou will be responsible for Council Tax and can include part of the cost in the rent you charge. You must tell your council if having a tenant means you\u2019re no longer entitled to a single person discount.\n\nIf you\u2019re unsure who should pay Council Tax, check with your local council.\n\n## Utility bills\n\nIf you pay the utility bills for the entire house, you can include a charge in the rent or install pre-paid meters.\n\nYou can only charge the amount you\u2019ve paid for gas and electricity plus VAT or you could face civil proceedings. Read Ofgem\u2019s rules on the resale of gas and electricity for more information.\n\n## Income Tax\n\nIncome Tax is payable on rental income you receive.\n\nIf you\u2019re not in the Rent a Room scheme, you\u2019ll be charged Income Tax on any rental income you get after business letting expenses. Examples of business expenses include:\n\n- insurance\n\n- maintenance\n\n- repairs (but not improvements)\n\n- utility bills\n\nIf you\u2019re in the Rent a Room Scheme, you\u2019ll pay Income Tax differently.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your home if:\n\n- you let out all or part of it\n\n- you\u2019ve taken in more than 1 tenant or lodger at a time\n\nHowever, you may be entitled to Private Residence Relief and Letting Relief.\n\n## Deposits\n\nResident landlords are not legally required to protect tenants\u2019 deposit with one of the government-approved schemes.\n\nYour local council may guarantee rent for a potential tenant who can\u2019t afford a deposit.\n\nYou may have to pay other taxes if you run a bed and breakfast, or provide meals or cleaning services for guests. Contact HM Revenue and Customs for more information.\n\n## Ending a letting\n\n## How to end an excluded tenancy or licence\n\nIf your lodger is an excluded occupier, you only need to give them \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit.\n\nUsually this means the length of the rental payment period \u2013 so if your lodger pays rent weekly, you need to give 1 week\u2019s notice. The notice does not have to be in writing.\n\nYou can then change the locks on your lodger\u2019s rooms, even if they\u2019ve left their belongings there. You must give their belongings back to them.\n\n## How to end a non-excluded tenancy or licence\n\nIf your lodger is an occupier with basic protection, you must serve them a written \u2018notice to quit\u2019. The notice period will depend on the tenancy or agreement, but is often at least 4 weeks.\n\nIf your lodger does not leave, you\u2019ll need to get a court order to evict them.\n\n## Your lodger ends the tenancy\n\nYour lodger can end the tenancy by giving you notice. They cannot do this during the fixed term of the tenancy, unless there\u2019s a break clause.\n\nThe amount of notice they need to give depends on the tenancy agreement, if there is one. Otherwise, it\u2019s usually at least 4 weeks (if they pay weekly) or 1 month (if they pay monthly).\n\nYou and your tenant can end a tenancy at any time if you both agree.\n\n## Change of ownership\n\nIf you stop living in your home, the tenants can still stay there, but their tenancy type may change to reflect that you no longer live there.\n\nIf you sell your home and the new owner plans to live in the property as a resident landlord, they must:\n\n- give notice to a tenant within 28 days that they intend to live there\n\n- move in within 6 months of the sale\n\nUntil the new owner moves in, tenants will have more protection through tenancy laws, because during this time there\u2019s no resident landlord. Their rights will depend on when they moved in. Find out about tenants\u2019 rights in \u2018Private renting: tenancy agreements\u2019.\n\nIf you die, a tenancy will usually continue as though you were still resident, until someone else takes ownership.\n\n## Houses in Multiple Occupation\n\nYour property may be classed as an House in Multiple Occupation (HMO) if you let rooms to more than 2 people.\n\nThere are extra safety requirements and standards for HMOs and you\u2019ll often need a licence.\n\nIf someone in an HMO becomes ill with coronavirus (COVID-19), you do not have to find alternative accommodation for the other tenants. You also cannot make someone leave their home because they have coronavirus. Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Becoming a resident landlord

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a resident landlord if you let out part of a property which is your only or main home.

    ", + "

    If you only occasionally rent out part of your home (for example through short-term rental apps), check if you need to tell HMRC about this income.

    ", + "

    If so, you\u2019ll have certain rights and responsibilities:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re responsible for keeping the property safe and in good repair
    • ", + "
  • a tenant or lodger doesn\u2019t have the right to challenge the agreed rent
    • ", + "
  • you may be able to earn \u00a37,500 per year tax-free under the Rent a Room Scheme
    • ", + "
  • you can give less notice to end a letting than if you rented out the property as a whole
    • ", + "

    Ask potential tenants or lodgers for references and follow them up before signing any agreement. Read the guide about letting rooms in your home for more information.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and your responsibilities

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities as a resident landlord have not changed because of coronavirus. You can read more coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    The Rent a Room Scheme

    ", + "

    The Rent a Room Scheme lets you earn up to a threshold of \u00a37,500 per year tax-free from letting out furnished accommodation in your home. This is halved if you share the income with your partner or someone else.

    ", + "

    You can let out as much of your home as you want.

    ", + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    The tax exemption is automatic if you earn less than \u00a37,500. This means you do not need to do anything.

    ", + "

    If you earn more than this you must complete a tax return.

    ", + "

    You can then opt into the scheme and claim your tax-free allowance. You do this on your tax return.

    ", + "

    You can choose not to opt into the scheme and instead record your income and expenses on the property pages of your tax return.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    Read the Rent a Room helpsheet for more detailed information on how to complete the form, and when it makes sense to opt out of the scheme.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can opt in to the scheme at any time if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a resident landlord, whether or not you own your home
    • ", + "
  • you run a bed and breakfast or a guest house
    • ", + "

    You cannot use the scheme for homes converted into separate flats.

    ", + "

    Your lodger's tenancy type

    ", + "

    The way you share your home with a lodger affects what kind of tenancy they have. This in turn affects their rights and how you can end the tenancy.

    ", + "

    Your lodger is an excluded occupier

    ", + "

    Your lodger is likely to be an excluded occupier if:

    ", + "
  • they live in your home
    • ", + "
  • you or a member of your family share a kitchen, bathroom or living room with them
    • ", + "

    In this case, you only have to give them \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to end the letting - and you will not have to go to court to evict them.

    ", + "

    Reasonable notice usually means the length of the rental payment period. For example, if rent is paid monthly, you should give one month\u2019s notice.

    ", + "

    Your lodger has basic protection

    ", + "

    Your lodger is likely to be an occupier with basic protection if:

    ", + "
  • they live in your home
    • ", + "
  • they do not share any living space with you or your family
    • ", + "

    If your lodger will not leave when you ask them, you\u2019ll need to get a court order to evict them.

    ", + "

    The charity Shelter has advice on excluded occupiers and occupiers with basic protection.

    ", + "

    The length of the let

    ", + "

    A tenancy or a licence can be either:

    ", + "
  • periodic - run indefinitely from 1 rent period to the next
    • ", + "
  • fixed term - last a set number of weeks, months or years
    • ", + "

    If you do not agree the length of a let, it will automatically become a periodic let.

    ", + "

    Licences can be open-ended for informal arrangements, like allowing a friend to stay on an as-and-when basis.

    ", + "

    Rent, bills and tax

    ", + "

    Rent

    ", + "

    You can charge what you want for rent but should agree the amount with your tenant beforehand. You can also ask for a deposit and you can accept Housing Benefit for rent.

    ", + "

    You must provide a rent book for tenants who pay weekly.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and rent

    ", + "

    Tenant responsibilities to pay rent have not changed because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Your tenant should continue to pay rent if they can. You can read coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    You and your tenant can get advice from Shelter, Citizens Advice and The Money Advice Service.

    ", + "

    Council Tax

    ", + "

    You will be responsible for Council Tax and can include part of the cost in the rent you charge. You must tell your council if having a tenant means you\u2019re no longer entitled to a single person discount.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unsure who should pay Council Tax, check with your local council.

    ", + "

    Utility bills

    ", + "

    If you pay the utility bills for the entire house, you can include a charge in the rent or install pre-paid meters.

    ", + "

    You can only charge the amount you\u2019ve paid for gas and electricity plus VAT or you could face civil proceedings. Read Ofgem\u2019s rules on the resale of gas and electricity for more information.

    ", + "

    Income Tax

    ", + "

    Income Tax is payable on rental income you receive.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not in the Rent a Room scheme, you\u2019ll be charged Income Tax on any rental income you get after business letting expenses. Examples of business expenses include:

    ", + "
  • insurance
    • ", + "
  • maintenance
    • ", + "
  • repairs (but not improvements)
    • ", + "
  • utility bills
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the Rent a Room Scheme, you\u2019ll pay Income Tax differently.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your home if:

    ", + "
  • you let out all or part of it
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve taken in more than 1 tenant or lodger at a time
    • ", + "

    However, you may be entitled to Private Residence Relief and Letting Relief.

    ", + "

    Deposits

    ", + "

    Resident landlords are not legally required to protect tenants\u2019 deposit with one of the government-approved schemes.

    ", + "

    Your local council may guarantee rent for a potential tenant who can\u2019t afford a deposit.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay other taxes if you run a bed and breakfast, or provide meals or cleaning services for guests. Contact HM Revenue and Customs for more information.

    ", + "

    Ending a letting

    ", + "

    How to end an excluded tenancy or licence

    ", + "

    If your lodger is an excluded occupier, you only need to give them \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit.

    ", + "

    Usually this means the length of the rental payment period \u2013 so if your lodger pays rent weekly, you need to give 1 week\u2019s notice. The notice does not have to be in writing.

    ", + "

    You can then change the locks on your lodger\u2019s rooms, even if they\u2019ve left their belongings there. You must give their belongings back to them.

    ", + "

    How to end a non-excluded tenancy or licence

    ", + "

    If your lodger is an occupier with basic protection, you must serve them a written \u2018notice to quit\u2019. The notice period will depend on the tenancy or agreement, but is often at least 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    If your lodger does not leave, you\u2019ll need to get a court order to evict them.

    ", + "

    Your lodger ends the tenancy

    ", + "

    Your lodger can end the tenancy by giving you notice. They cannot do this during the fixed term of the tenancy, unless there\u2019s a break clause.

    ", + "

    The amount of notice they need to give depends on the tenancy agreement, if there is one. Otherwise, it\u2019s usually at least 4 weeks (if they pay weekly) or 1 month (if they pay monthly).

    ", + "

    You and your tenant can end a tenancy at any time if you both agree.

    ", + "

    Change of ownership

    ", + "

    If you stop living in your home, the tenants can still stay there, but their tenancy type may change to reflect that you no longer live there.

    ", + "

    If you sell your home and the new owner plans to live in the property as a resident landlord, they must:

    ", + "
  • give notice to a tenant within 28 days that they intend to live there
    • ", + "
  • move in within 6 months of the sale
    • ", + "

    Until the new owner moves in, tenants will have more protection through tenancy laws, because during this time there\u2019s no resident landlord. Their rights will depend on when they moved in. Find out about tenants\u2019 rights in \u2018Private renting: tenancy agreements\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you die, a tenancy will usually continue as though you were still resident, until someone else takes ownership.

    ", + "

    Houses in Multiple Occupation

    ", + "

    Your property may be classed as an House in Multiple Occupation (HMO) if you let rooms to more than 2 people.

    ", + "

    There are extra safety requirements and standards for HMOs and you\u2019ll often need a licence.

    ", + "

    If someone in an HMO becomes ill with coronavirus (COVID-19), you do not have to find alternative accommodation for the other tenants. You also cannot make someone leave their home because they have coronavirus. Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/renting-out-a-property": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renting-out-a-property", + "title": "Renting out your property", + "content": "## Landlord responsibilities\n\nYou\u2019re a landlord if you rent out your property. As a landlord you must:\n\n- keep your rented properties safe and free from health hazards\n\n- make sure all gas and electrical equipment is safely installed and maintained\n\n- provide an Energy Performance Certificate for the property\n\n- protect your tenant\u2019s deposit in a government-approved scheme\n\n- check your tenant has the right to rent your property if it\u2019s in England\n\n- give your tenant a copy of the How to rent checklist when they start renting from you (you can email it to them)\n\nThere are different rules if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and your responsibilities\n\nYour responsibilities as a landlord have not changed because of coronavirus. However, you should follow the government\u2019s coronavirus advice.\n\nRead the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\n## Fire safety\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to:\n\n- fit and test smoke alarms and carbon monoxide alarms\n\n- follow fire safety regulations for property in a purpose-built block of flats or for houses and property adapted into flats\n\n## Health and safety inspections\n\nThe Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) is used by your council to make sure that properties in its area are safe for the people who live there.\nThis involves inspecting your property for possible hazards, such as uneven stairs.\n\nIf you own a property and rent it out, the council may decide to do an HHSRS inspection because:\n\n- your tenants have asked for an inspection\n\n- the council has done a survey of local properties and thinks your property might be hazardous\n\n## HHSRS hazard ratings\n\nInspectors look at 29 health and safety areas and score each hazard they find as category 1 or 2, according to its seriousness.\n\nYou must take action on enforcement notices from your council. You also have the right to appeal enforcement notices.\n\nThe council can do any of the following if they find a serious hazard:\n\n- issue an improvement notice\n\n- fix the hazard themselves and bill you for the cost\n\n- stop you or anyone else from using part or all of the property\n\n## Financial responsibilities\n\nYou have to pay:\n\n- Income Tax on your rental income, minus your day-to-day running expenses\n\n- Class 2 National Insurance if the work you do renting out property counts as running a business\n\nIf you only occasionally rent out your property or part of your home (for example through short-term rental apps), check if you need to tell HMRC about this income.\n\nIf you have a mortgage on the property you want to rent out, you must get permission from your mortgage lender.\n\n## Regulated tenancies\n\nThere are special rules for changing rents and terms for regulated tenancies (usually private tenancies starting before 15 January 1989).\n\n## Making repairs\n\nYou must keep your property in good condition, and any gas or electrical systems must meet specified safety standards.\n\nWhen doing repairs in your property, make sure you keep you and your tenants safe from coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nThere is more information about doing repairs and maintenance in section 3 of the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\nThere are different rules around making repairs if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## When you can enter the property\n\nYou have a legal right to enter your property to inspect it or carry out repairs. You must give your tenants at least 24 hours\u2019 notice, although immediate access may be possible in emergencies. Your tenants have the right to stay in the property during the repairs.\n\nYou\u2019re normally responsible for repairs to:\n\n- the structure of your property\n\n- basins, sinks, baths and other sanitary fittings\n\n- heating and hot water systems\n\n- anything you damage through attempting repairs\n\nIf your property is seriously damaged by a fire, flood or other similar incident, you do not have to rebuild or renovate it. However, if you do, you cannot charge your tenants for any repairs made.\n\n## Common areas\n\nIf you own a block of flats, you\u2019re usually responsible for repairing common areas, like staircases. Councils can ask landlords to fix problems in common areas, or to repair a tenant\u2019s flat that\u2019s been damaged by another tenant.\n\n## What happens if repairs are not done properly\n\nIf you refuse to carry out repairs, tenants can:\n\n- start a claim in the small claims court for repairs under \u00a35,000\n\n- in some circumstances, carry out the repairs themselves and deduct the cost from their rent\n\nIf you do not make repairs to remove hazards, your tenants can ask the council to inspect the property under the Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) and to take any action that is necessary.\n\nIf the council finds serious hazards, it must take enforcement action to make sure the hazard is removed.\n\n## If the property is temporarily unfit to live in\n\nYou can ask tenants to move out during major repairs. Before this happens, you should agree in writing:\n\n- how long the works will last\n\n- the tenants\u2019 right to return\n\n- details of any alternative accommodation\n\nYou cannot repossess a property to do repairs. However, if you\u2019re planning substantial works, or want to redevelop the property, you can apply to the courts for an order for your tenants to leave. The courts are more likely to grant this if you provide alternative accommodation.\n\n## Repairs and charging rent\n\nIf the repairs are very disruptive, your tenants may be able to claim a reduction on their rent known as a \u2018rent abatement\u2019. This will depend on how much of the property is unusable.\n\nYou may have the right to increase the rent after carrying out repairs and improvements, depending on the tenancy agreement.\n\n## Rent increases\n\nThe tenancy agreement should include how and when you\u2019ll review the rent.\n\nThere are special rules for increasing regulated tenancy rents.\n\n## When you can increase rent\n\nFor a periodic tenancy (rolling on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis) you can usually only increase the rent once a year.\n\nFor a fixed-term tenancy (running for a set period) you can only increase the rent if your tenancy agreement permits this. Otherwise, you can only raise the rent when the fixed term ends.\n\n## How you can increase the rent\n\nIf a fixed-term tenancy agreement says how the rent can be increased, you must stick to this.\n\nFor a periodic tenancy, you can:\n\n- agree a rent increase with your tenants and produce a written record of the agreement that you both sign\n\n- use a \u2018Landlord\u2019s notice proposing a new rent\u2019 form, giving your tenant at least a month\u2019s notice\n\nThere are different rules around increasing rent if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\nThe rent increase must be fair and realistic - that is, in line with reasonable rents on the open market.\n\n## If your tenants do not agree\n\nIf your tenants think the rent increase is unfair, they can ask the First Tier Property Tribunal to decide the right amount.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and rent\n\nTenant responsibilities have not changed because of coronavirus. Your tenant should continue to pay rent if they can.\n\nIf your tenant is unable to pay their rent, you can agree a different way to pay. For example, you can agree to accept a lower rent payment for a set amount of time and they pay off the rent arrears later.\n\nRead the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\nYou and your tenant can get advice from Shelter, Citizens Advice and the Money Advice Service.\n\n## Settling disputes\n\nYou can often sort out disputes with your tenants without going to court:\n\n- Speak to your tenants about your concerns.\n\n- If this does not work, write a formal letter setting out the problem.\n\n- Use a mediation service, which is usually cheaper and quicker than going to court.\n\n- As a last resort, you can take your tenants to court.\n\nThere are different rules for settling disputes if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Going to court\n\nIf you take legal action, the case may go to a small claims court. Small claims cases are those worth less than \u00a310,000 (or \u00a31,000 if the case is about repairs to a property).\n\nThe courts provide a free mediation service for small claims cases, which can take place over the phone.\n\nIf you want to get your property back because your tenants owe you rent money, you can make a possession claim online.\n\nYou must follow specific rules if you want to evict tenants.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and possession claims\n\nThe court process for possession claims is different because of coronavirus.\n\nYou must tell the court if your tenant and their dependants have been affected by coronavirus. For example, if they lost income because of coronavirus, which meant they were not able to pay your rent.\n\n## Free advice for disputes\n\nYou can get free advice about disputes or housing problems from Citizens Advice or Shelter.\n\nIn Wales, you can contact Shelter Cymru.\n\nYou might be able to get free and confidential legal advice from Civil Legal Advice (CLA) as part of legal aid, if you\u2019re in England and Wales.\n\nA solicitor can also help you, but they might charge a fee.\n\n## Houses in Multiple Occupation (HMO)\n\nIf you let your property to several tenants who are not members of the same family, it may be a \u2018House in Multiple Occupation\u2019 (HMO).\n\nThe rules about HMOs are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nYour property is an HMO if both of the following apply:\n\n- at least 3 tenants live there, forming more than one household\n\n- toilet, bathroom or kitchen facilities are shared\n\nA household consists of either a single person or members of the same family who live together. It includes people who are married or living together and people in same-sex relationships.\n\nIf someone in an HMO becomes ill with coronavirus (COVID-19), you do not have to find alternative accommodation for the other tenants. You also cannot make someone leave their home because they have coronavirus. Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\n## Licences\n\nAn HMO must have a licence if it is occupied by 5 or more people. A council can also include other types of HMOs for licensing.\n\nFind out if you need an HMO licence from your council.\n\n## Risk assessment\n\nThe council has to carry out a Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) risk assessment on your HMO within 5 years of receiving a licence application. If the inspector finds any unacceptable risks during the assessment, you must carry out work to eliminate them.\n\n## Reporting changes\n\nYou must tell the council if:\n\n- you plan to make changes to an HMO\n\n- your tenants make changes\n\n- your tenants\u2019 circumstances change (for example they have a child)\n\n## Paying tax and National Insurance\n\nWhen you rent out property you may have to pay tax.\n\n## Running a property business\n\nYou have to pay Class 2 National Insurance if your profits are \u00a36,515 a year or more and what you do counts as running a business, for example if all the following apply:\n\n- being a landlord is your main job\n\n- you rent out more than one property\n\n- you\u2019re buying new properties to rent out\n\nIf your profits are under \u00a36,515, you can make voluntary Class 2 National Insurance payments, for example to make sure you get the full State Pension.\n\nYou do not pay National Insurance if you\u2019re not running a business - even if you do work like arranging repairs, advertising for tenants and arranging tenancy agreements.\n\n## Property you personally own\n\nThe first \u00a31,000 of your income from property rental is tax-free. This is your \u2018property allowance\u2019.\n\nContact HMRC if your income from property rental is between \u00a31,000 and \u00a32,500 a year.\n\nYou must report it on a Self Assessment tax return if it\u2019s:\n\n- \u00a32,500 to \u00a39,999 after allowable expenses\n\n- \u00a310,000 or more before allowable expenses\n\n## Register for Self Assessment\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had rental income.\n\nRegister now\n\n## Declaring unpaid tax\n\nYou can declare unpaid tax by telling HMRC about rental income from previous years. If you have to pay a penalty it\u2019ll be lower than if HMRC find out about the income themselves.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a disclosure reference number. You then have 3 months to work out what you owe and pay it.\n\nDo not include the \u00a31,000 tax-free property allowance for any tax years before 2017 to 2018.\n\n## Property owned by a company\n\nCount the rental income the same way as any other business income.\n\n## Costs you can claim to reduce tax\n\nThere are different tax rules for:\n\n- residential properties\n\n- furnished holiday lettings\n\n- commercial properties\n\n## Residential properties\n\nYou or your company must pay tax on the profit you make from renting out the property, after deductions for \u2018allowable expenses\u2019.\n\nAllowable expenses are things you need to spend money on in the day-to-day running of the property, like:\n\n- letting agents\u2019 fees\n\n- legal fees for lets of a year or less, or for renewing a lease for less than 50 years\n\n- accountants\u2019 fees\n\n- buildings and contents insurance\n\n- interest on property loans\n\n- maintenance and repairs to the property (but not improvements)\n\n- utility bills, like gas, water and electricity\n\n- rent, ground rent, service charges\n\n- Council Tax\n\n- services you pay for, like cleaning or gardening\n\n- other direct costs of letting the property, like phone calls, stationery and advertising\n\nAllowable expenses do not include \u2018capital expenditure\u2019 - like buying a property or renovating it beyond repairs for wear and tear.\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief on money spent on replacing a \u2018domestic item\u2019. This is called \u2018replacement of domestic items relief\u2019.\n\nDomestic items include:\n\n- beds\n\n- sofas\n\n- curtains\n\n- carpets\n\n- fridges\n\n- crockery and cutlery\n\nYou must have only bought the domestic item for use by tenants in a residential property and the item you replaced must no longer be used in that property.\n\nThe replacement of domestic items relief is available from:\n\n- the 2016 to 2017 tax year for individuals and partnerships\n\n- 1 April 2016 for companies\n\n## Furnished residential lettings\n\nYou may be able to claim \u2018wear and tear allowance\u2019:\n\n- for the 2015 to 2016 tax year for individuals and partnerships\n\n- on or before 31 March 2016 for companies\n\n## Furnished holiday lettings\n\nFor furnished holiday homes, you may be able to claim:\n\n- plant and machinery capital allowances on furniture, furnishings and so on in the let property, as well as on equipment used outside the property (like vans and tools)\n\n- Capital Gains Tax reliefs - Business Asset Rollover Relief, Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief, relief for gifts of business assets and relief for loans to traders\n\nYou can only claim these if all the following apply:\n\n- the property is offered to let for at least 210 days a year\n\n- it\u2019s let for more than 105 days a year\n\n- no single let is more than 31 days\n\n- you charge the going rate for similar properties in the area (\u2018market value\u2019)\n\nIf you own the property personally, your profits count as earnings for pension purposes.\n\nYou can download helpsheets to help you with your tax return:\n\n- capital allowances\n\n- furnished holiday lettings\n\n## Commercial properties\n\nYou can claim plant and machinery capital allowances on some items if you rent out a commercial property - like a shop, garage or lock-up.\n\n## Working out your profit\n\nYou work out the net profit or loss for all your property lettings (except furnished holiday lettings) as if it\u2019s a single business. To do this, you:\n\n- add together all your rental income\n\n- add together all your allowable expenses\n\n- take the expenses away from the income\n\nWork out the profit or loss from furnished holiday lettings separately from any other rental business to make sure you only claim these tax advantages for eligible properties.\n\n## Making a loss\n\nDeduct any losses from your profit and enter the figure on your Self Assessment form.\n\nYou can offset your loss against:\n\n- future profits by carrying it forward to a later year\n\n- profits from other properties (if you have them)\n\nYou can only offset losses against future profits in the same business.\n\n## Changing a regulated tenancy (fair rent)\n\nThere are special rules for changing rents and terms for regulated tenancies (sometimes called \u2018fair rents\u2019) which usually started before 15 January 1989.\n\nThere are different rules for increasing rents in regulated tenancies in Scotland and rent-controlled tenancies in Northern Ireland.\n\n## When you can increase rent\n\nYou can only increase the rent up to the maximum set by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) - check the register of rents to find out what it is.\n\nYou can ask VOA to review the rent every 2 years, or earlier if something has affected the value, so that it remains fair. Your rent might increase or decrease.\n\nDownload and fill in a fair rent form to get your rent reviewed. Send the completed form to the VOA Network Support Office by post.\n\nEmail the VOA Network Support Office if you have any questions about increasing your rent.\n\n## If the fair rent increases\n\nYou must serve a notice of increase of rent on your tenant. You can charge the new rent from the date it\u2019s registered.\n\nFill in a \u2018notice of increase\u2019 form (available from legal stationers) and send it to your tenant.\n\nYou can backdate your notice of rent increase for up to 4 weeks.\n\n## Cancel a registered rent\n\nDownload and fill in an application form to cancel a registered rent and send it to the address on the form, for example if the tenancy stops being regulated, or you and the tenant agree to cancel it.\n\nIt may take up to 6 weeks to cancel a registered rent.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Landlord responsibilities

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a landlord if you rent out your property. As a landlord you must:

    ", + "
  • keep your rented properties safe and free from health hazards
    • ", + "
  • make sure all gas and electrical equipment is safely installed and maintained
    • ", + "
  • provide an Energy Performance Certificate for the property
    • ", + "
  • protect your tenant\u2019s deposit in a government-approved scheme
    • ", + "
  • check your tenant has the right to rent your property if it\u2019s in England
    • ", + "
  • give your tenant a copy of the How to rent checklist when they start renting from you (you can email it to them)
    • ", + "

    There are different rules if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and your responsibilities

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities as a landlord have not changed because of coronavirus. However, you should follow the government\u2019s coronavirus advice.

    ", + "

    Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    Fire safety

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to:

    ", + "
  • fit and test smoke alarms and carbon monoxide alarms
    • ", + "
  • follow fire safety regulations for property in a purpose-built block of flats or for houses and property adapted into flats
    • ", + "

    Health and safety inspections

    ", + "

    The Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) is used by your council to make sure that properties in its area are safe for the people who live there.\nThis involves inspecting your property for possible hazards, such as uneven stairs.

    ", + "

    If you own a property and rent it out, the council may decide to do an HHSRS inspection because:

    ", + "
  • your tenants have asked for an inspection
    • ", + "
  • the council has done a survey of local properties and thinks your property might be hazardous
    • ", + "

    HHSRS hazard ratings

    ", + "

    Inspectors look at 29 health and safety areas and score each hazard they find as category 1 or 2, according to its seriousness.

    ", + "

    You must take action on enforcement notices from your council. You also have the right to appeal enforcement notices.

    ", + "

    The council can do any of the following if they find a serious hazard:

    ", + "
  • issue an improvement notice
    • ", + "
  • fix the hazard themselves and bill you for the cost
    • ", + "
  • stop you or anyone else from using part or all of the property
    • ", + "

    Financial responsibilities

    ", + "

    You have to pay:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax on your rental income, minus your day-to-day running expenses
    • ", + "
  • Class 2 National Insurance if the work you do renting out property counts as running a business
    • ", + "

    If you only occasionally rent out your property or part of your home (for example through short-term rental apps), check if you need to tell HMRC about this income.

    ", + "

    If you have a mortgage on the property you want to rent out, you must get permission from your mortgage lender.

    ", + "

    Regulated tenancies

    ", + "

    There are special rules for changing rents and terms for regulated tenancies (usually private tenancies starting before 15 January 1989).

    ", + "

    Making repairs

    ", + "

    You must keep your property in good condition, and any gas or electrical systems must meet specified safety standards.

    ", + "

    When doing repairs in your property, make sure you keep you and your tenants safe from coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    There is more information about doing repairs and maintenance in section 3 of the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    There are different rules around making repairs if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    When you can enter the property

    ", + "

    You have a legal right to enter your property to inspect it or carry out repairs. You must give your tenants at least 24 hours\u2019 notice, although immediate access may be possible in emergencies. Your tenants have the right to stay in the property during the repairs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re normally responsible for repairs to:

    ", + "
  • the structure of your property
    • ", + "
  • basins, sinks, baths and other sanitary fittings
    • ", + "
  • heating and hot water systems
    • ", + "
  • anything you damage through attempting repairs
    • ", + "

    If your property is seriously damaged by a fire, flood or other similar incident, you do not have to rebuild or renovate it. However, if you do, you cannot charge your tenants for any repairs made.

    ", + "

    Common areas

    ", + "

    If you own a block of flats, you\u2019re usually responsible for repairing common areas, like staircases. Councils can ask landlords to fix problems in common areas, or to repair a tenant\u2019s flat that\u2019s been damaged by another tenant.

    ", + "

    What happens if repairs are not done properly

    ", + "

    If you refuse to carry out repairs, tenants can:

    ", + "
  • start a claim in the small claims court for repairs under \u00a35,000
    • ", + "
  • in some circumstances, carry out the repairs themselves and deduct the cost from their rent
    • ", + "

    If you do not make repairs to remove hazards, your tenants can ask the council to inspect the property under the Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) and to take any action that is necessary.

    ", + "

    If the council finds serious hazards, it must take enforcement action to make sure the hazard is removed.

    ", + "

    If the property is temporarily unfit to live in

    ", + "

    You can ask tenants to move out during major repairs. Before this happens, you should agree in writing:

    ", + "
  • how long the works will last
    • ", + "
  • the tenants\u2019 right to return
    • ", + "
  • details of any alternative accommodation
    • ", + "

    You cannot repossess a property to do repairs. However, if you\u2019re planning substantial works, or want to redevelop the property, you can apply to the courts for an order for your tenants to leave. The courts are more likely to grant this if you provide alternative accommodation.

    ", + "

    Repairs and charging rent

    ", + "

    If the repairs are very disruptive, your tenants may be able to claim a reduction on their rent known as a \u2018rent abatement\u2019. This will depend on how much of the property is unusable.

    ", + "

    You may have the right to increase the rent after carrying out repairs and improvements, depending on the tenancy agreement.

    ", + "

    Rent increases

    ", + "

    The tenancy agreement should include how and when you\u2019ll review the rent.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for increasing regulated tenancy rents.

    ", + "

    When you can increase rent

    ", + "

    For a periodic tenancy (rolling on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis) you can usually only increase the rent once a year.

    ", + "

    For a fixed-term tenancy (running for a set period) you can only increase the rent if your tenancy agreement permits this. Otherwise, you can only raise the rent when the fixed term ends.

    ", + "

    How you can increase the rent

    ", + "

    If a fixed-term tenancy agreement says how the rent can be increased, you must stick to this.

    ", + "

    For a periodic tenancy, you can:

    ", + "
  • agree a rent increase with your tenants and produce a written record of the agreement that you both sign
    • ", + "
  • use a \u2018Landlord\u2019s notice proposing a new rent\u2019 form, giving your tenant at least a month\u2019s notice
    • ", + "

    There are different rules around increasing rent if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    The rent increase must be fair and realistic - that is, in line with reasonable rents on the open market.

    ", + "

    If your tenants do not agree

    ", + "

    If your tenants think the rent increase is unfair, they can ask the First Tier Property Tribunal to decide the right amount.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and rent

    ", + "

    Tenant responsibilities have not changed because of coronavirus. Your tenant should continue to pay rent if they can.

    ", + "

    If your tenant is unable to pay their rent, you can agree a different way to pay. For example, you can agree to accept a lower rent payment for a set amount of time and they pay off the rent arrears later.

    ", + "

    Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    You and your tenant can get advice from Shelter, Citizens Advice and the Money Advice Service.

    ", + "

    Settling disputes

    ", + "

    You can often sort out disputes with your tenants without going to court:

    ", + "
  • Speak to your tenants about your concerns.
    • ", + "
  • If this does not work, write a formal letter setting out the problem.
    • ", + "
  • Use a mediation service, which is usually cheaper and quicker than going to court.
    • ", + "
  • As a last resort, you can take your tenants to court.
    • ", + "

    There are different rules for settling disputes if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Going to court

    ", + "

    If you take legal action, the case may go to a small claims court. Small claims cases are those worth less than \u00a310,000 (or \u00a31,000 if the case is about repairs to a property).

    ", + "

    The courts provide a free mediation service for small claims cases, which can take place over the phone.

    ", + "

    If you want to get your property back because your tenants owe you rent money, you can make a possession claim online.

    ", + "

    You must follow specific rules if you want to evict tenants.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and possession claims

    ", + "

    The court process for possession claims is different because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    You must tell the court if your tenant and their dependants have been affected by coronavirus. For example, if they lost income because of coronavirus, which meant they were not able to pay your rent.

    ", + "

    Free advice for disputes

    ", + "

    You can get free advice about disputes or housing problems from Citizens Advice or Shelter.

    ", + "

    In Wales, you can contact Shelter Cymru.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get free and confidential legal advice from Civil Legal Advice (CLA) as part of legal aid, if you\u2019re in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    A solicitor can also help you, but they might charge a fee.

    ", + "

    Houses in Multiple Occupation (HMO)

    ", + "

    If you let your property to several tenants who are not members of the same family, it may be a \u2018House in Multiple Occupation\u2019 (HMO).

    ", + "

    The rules about HMOs are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Your property is an HMO if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • at least 3 tenants live there, forming more than one household
    • ", + "
  • toilet, bathroom or kitchen facilities are shared
    • ", + "

    A household consists of either a single person or members of the same family who live together. It includes people who are married or living together and people in same-sex relationships.

    ", + "

    If someone in an HMO becomes ill with coronavirus (COVID-19), you do not have to find alternative accommodation for the other tenants. You also cannot make someone leave their home because they have coronavirus. Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    Licences

    ", + "

    An HMO must have a licence if it is occupied by 5 or more people. A council can also include other types of HMOs for licensing.

    ", + "

    Find out if you need an HMO licence from your council.

    ", + "

    Risk assessment

    ", + "

    The council has to carry out a Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) risk assessment on your HMO within 5 years of receiving a licence application. If the inspector finds any unacceptable risks during the assessment, you must carry out work to eliminate them.

    ", + "

    Reporting changes

    ", + "

    You must tell the council if:

    ", + "
  • you plan to make changes to an HMO
    • ", + "
  • your tenants make changes
    • ", + "
  • your tenants\u2019 circumstances change (for example they have a child)
    • ", + "

    Paying tax and National Insurance

    ", + "

    When you rent out property you may have to pay tax.

    ", + "

    Running a property business

    ", + "

    You have to pay Class 2 National Insurance if your profits are \u00a36,515 a year or more and what you do counts as running a business, for example if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • being a landlord is your main job
    • ", + "
  • you rent out more than one property
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re buying new properties to rent out
    • ", + "

    If your profits are under \u00a36,515, you can make voluntary Class 2 National Insurance payments, for example to make sure you get the full State Pension.

    ", + "

    You do not pay National Insurance if you\u2019re not running a business - even if you do work like arranging repairs, advertising for tenants and arranging tenancy agreements.

    ", + "

    Property you personally own

    ", + "

    The first \u00a31,000 of your income from property rental is tax-free. This is your \u2018property allowance\u2019.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if your income from property rental is between \u00a31,000 and \u00a32,500 a year.

    ", + "

    You must report it on a Self Assessment tax return if it\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • \u00a32,500 to \u00a39,999 after allowable expenses
    • ", + "
  • \u00a310,000 or more before allowable expenses
    • ", + "

    Register for Self Assessment

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had rental income.

    ", + "

    Register now

    ", + "

    Declaring unpaid tax

    ", + "

    You can declare unpaid tax by telling HMRC about rental income from previous years. If you have to pay a penalty it\u2019ll be lower than if HMRC find out about the income themselves.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a disclosure reference number. You then have 3 months to work out what you owe and pay it.

    ", + "

    Do not include the \u00a31,000 tax-free property allowance for any tax years before 2017 to 2018.

    ", + "

    Property owned by a company

    ", + "

    Count the rental income the same way as any other business income.

    ", + "

    Costs you can claim to reduce tax

    ", + "

    There are different tax rules for:

    ", + "
  • residential properties
    • ", + "
  • furnished holiday lettings
    • ", + "
  • commercial properties
    • ", + "

    Residential properties

    ", + "

    You or your company must pay tax on the profit you make from renting out the property, after deductions for \u2018allowable expenses\u2019.

    ", + "

    Allowable expenses are things you need to spend money on in the day-to-day running of the property, like:

    ", + "
  • letting agents\u2019 fees
    • ", + "
  • legal fees for lets of a year or less, or for renewing a lease for less than 50 years
    • ", + "
  • accountants\u2019 fees
    • ", + "
  • buildings and contents insurance
    • ", + "
  • interest on property loans
    • ", + "
  • maintenance and repairs to the property (but not improvements)
    • ", + "
  • utility bills, like gas, water and electricity
    • ", + "
  • rent, ground rent, service charges
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax
    • ", + "
  • services you pay for, like cleaning or gardening
    • ", + "
  • other direct costs of letting the property, like phone calls, stationery and advertising
    • ", + "

    Allowable expenses do not include \u2018capital expenditure\u2019 - like buying a property or renovating it beyond repairs for wear and tear.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief on money spent on replacing a \u2018domestic item\u2019. This is called \u2018replacement of domestic items relief\u2019.

    ", + "

    Domestic items include:

    ", + "
  • beds
    • ", + "
  • sofas
    • ", + "
  • curtains
    • ", + "
  • carpets
    • ", + "
  • fridges
    • ", + "
  • crockery and cutlery
    • ", + "

    You must have only bought the domestic item for use by tenants in a residential property and the item you replaced must no longer be used in that property.

    ", + "

    The replacement of domestic items relief is available from:

    ", + "
  • the 2016 to 2017 tax year for individuals and partnerships
    • ", + "
  • 1 April 2016 for companies
    • ", + "

    Furnished residential lettings

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim \u2018wear and tear allowance\u2019:

    ", + "
  • for the 2015 to 2016 tax year for individuals and partnerships
    • ", + "
  • on or before 31 March 2016 for companies
    • ", + "

    Furnished holiday lettings

    ", + "

    For furnished holiday homes, you may be able to claim:

    ", + "
  • plant and machinery capital allowances on furniture, furnishings and so on in the let property, as well as on equipment used outside the property (like vans and tools)
    • ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax reliefs - Business Asset Rollover Relief, Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief, relief for gifts of business assets and relief for loans to traders
    • ", + "

    You can only claim these if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the property is offered to let for at least 210 days a year
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s let for more than 105 days a year
    • ", + "
  • no single let is more than 31 days
    • ", + "
  • you charge the going rate for similar properties in the area (\u2018market value\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you own the property personally, your profits count as earnings for pension purposes.

    ", + "

    You can download helpsheets to help you with your tax return:

    ", + "
  • capital allowances
    • ", + "
  • furnished holiday lettings
    • ", + "

    Commercial properties

    ", + "

    You can claim plant and machinery capital allowances on some items if you rent out a commercial property - like a shop, garage or lock-up.

    ", + "

    Working out your profit

    ", + "

    You work out the net profit or loss for all your property lettings (except furnished holiday lettings) as if it\u2019s a single business. To do this, you:

    ", + "
  • add together all your rental income
    • ", + "
  • add together all your allowable expenses
    • ", + "
  • take the expenses away from the income
    • ", + "

    Work out the profit or loss from furnished holiday lettings separately from any other rental business to make sure you only claim these tax advantages for eligible properties.

    ", + "

    Making a loss

    ", + "

    Deduct any losses from your profit and enter the figure on your Self Assessment form.

    ", + "

    You can offset your loss against:

    ", + "
  • future profits by carrying it forward to a later year
    • ", + "
  • profits from other properties (if you have them)
    • ", + "

    You can only offset losses against future profits in the same business.

    ", + "

    Changing a regulated tenancy (fair rent)

    ", + "

    There are special rules for changing rents and terms for regulated tenancies (sometimes called \u2018fair rents\u2019) which usually started before 15 January 1989.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for increasing rents in regulated tenancies in Scotland and rent-controlled tenancies in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    When you can increase rent

    ", + "

    You can only increase the rent up to the maximum set by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) - check the register of rents to find out what it is.

    ", + "

    You can ask VOA to review the rent every 2 years, or earlier if something has affected the value, so that it remains fair. Your rent might increase or decrease.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a fair rent form to get your rent reviewed. Send the completed form to the VOA Network Support Office by post.

    ", + "

    Email the VOA Network Support Office if you have any questions about increasing your rent.

    ", + "

    If the fair rent increases

    ", + "

    You must serve a notice of increase of rent on your tenant. You can charge the new rent from the date it\u2019s registered.

    ", + "

    Fill in a \u2018notice of increase\u2019 form (available from legal stationers) and send it to your tenant.

    ", + "

    You can backdate your notice of rent increase for up to 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    Cancel a registered rent

    ", + "

    Download and fill in an application form to cancel a registered rent and send it to the address on the form, for example if the tenancy stops being regulated, or you and the tenant agree to cancel it.

    ", + "

    It may take up to 6 weeks to cancel a registered rent.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-manage-a-guide-for-landlords": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-manage-a-guide-for-landlords", + "title": "Right to Manage: a guide for landlords", + "content": "## The Right to Manage\n\nThe Right to Manage (RTM) lets some leasehold property owners take over management of the building - even without the agreement of the landlord.\n\nAs a landlord, the leaseholders in your building will send you notice if they plan to do this. If they\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll still own the building but they\u2019ll manage it.\n\nThis means they\u2019ll be responsible for things like:\n\n- collecting and managing the service charge\n\n- upkeep of communal areas (such as communal hallways and stairs)\n\n- upkeep of the structure of the building (such as the roof)\n\n- dealing with complaints about the building from other leaseholders\n\nQualifying leaseholders can use the Right to Manage for any reason - they don\u2019t have to prove the building has been badly managed.\n\n## Right to Manage companies\n\nTo use the right, leaseholders must set up an RTM company and follow certain procedures. The RTM company can manage the building directly, or pay a managing agent to do it.\n\nAs landlord, you have the right to be a member of the RTM company and to vote on decisions. You get at least 1 vote. How many votes you\u2019ll get depends on how many flats you own in the building.\n\nThe RTM company must pay for any costs you incur during the management transfer process - even if it doesn\u2019t end up managing the building.\n\n## Qualifying\n\nTo qualify for Right to Manage:\n\n- the building must be made up of flats (houses don\u2019t qualify)\n\n- at least two-thirds of the flats in the building must be leasehold - with leases that were for more than 21 years when they were granted\n\n- at least 75% of the building must be residential - for example, if there\u2019s a shop in the building, it can\u2019t take up more than 25% of the total floor area\n\n- you must live somewhere else if there are less than 4 flats in the block - unless the block was purpose-built as flats, rather than converted from another type of building\n\n- any number of owners can set up an RTM company - but at least half of the flats in the building must be members of the company before it can actually take over management\n\n## Notices\n\nNormally, the leaseholders will contact you once they\u2019ve set up an RTM company. You may get a \u2018right to information\u2019 notice from the company - asking for the information they need in order to claim their Right to Manage.\n\n## You receive a \u2018notice of claim\u2019\n\nIf you receive a \u2018notice of claim\u2019 it means that the RTM company intends to take over management of the building. It will tell you:\n\n- the date you must respond by\n\n- the date the RTM company intends to take over management of the building\n\nYou can:\n\n- accept the claim\n\n- dispute the claim - the notice of claim will tell you when you need to do this by, but the deadline can\u2019t be less than 1 month from the date of the notice\n\n## Disputing the claim\n\nYou can dispute the claim by serving a counter-notice to the Right to Manage (RTM) company. In it, you must give reasons why you think the company isn\u2019t entitled to manage the building.\n\nYou can dispute the claim if you think:\n\n- the building doesn\u2019t qualify\n\n- the RTM company doesn\u2019t comply with the legal requirements\n\n- the RTM company members don\u2019t represent half the flats in the building\n\nYou can\u2019t dispute the claim for any other reason.\n\n## Leasehold Valuation Tribunal\n\nIf the members of the RTM company think you\u2019re wrong, the company must apply to the Leasehold Valuation Tribunal (LVT) within 2 months of the date of the counter-notice. The LVT will then decide if the RTM company can manage the building.\n\n## Transferring management of the building\n\nIf you accept the Right to Manage (RTM) company\u2019s notice, or if you dispute the claim and the Leasehold Valuation Tribunal (LVT) decides against you, the management of the building will transfer to the RTM company.\n\nThe date the RTM company takes over management responsibilities is called the \u2018date of acquisition\u2019. This will be:\n\n- on the date given on the notice of claim - if you accept the claim\n\n- 3 months after the LVT decision becomes final - if you disputed the claim and lost\n\n- 3 months after agreement - if you originally disputed the claim but later came to an agreement with the RTM company\n\nYou must transfer any money you have from service charges on the acquisition date - or as soon after as is reasonably possible.\n\n## Ongoing management\n\nThe RTM company must tell you at least 30 days before approving:\n\n- assignment (selling or transferring the flat into someone else\u2019s name)\n\n- a sublet\n\n- a charge to leaseholders\n\nIf the lease says your consent is needed, the RTM company must give you 30 days\u2019 notice before approving:\n\n- any changes to the structure of the building\n\n- any changes to the use of the building\n\nFor other approvals they must tell you at least 14 days in advance.\n\nRead the Leasehold Advisory Service\u2019s guide on The Right to Manage for a detailed explanation of how Right to Manage works.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    The Right to Manage

    ", + "

    The Right to Manage (RTM) lets some leasehold property owners take over management of the building - even without the agreement of the landlord.

    ", + "

    As a landlord, the leaseholders in your building will send you notice if they plan to do this. If they\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll still own the building but they\u2019ll manage it.

    ", + "

    This means they\u2019ll be responsible for things like:

    ", + "
  • collecting and managing the service charge
    • ", + "
  • upkeep of communal areas (such as communal hallways and stairs)
    • ", + "
  • upkeep of the structure of the building (such as the roof)
    • ", + "
  • dealing with complaints about the building from other leaseholders
    • ", + "

    Qualifying leaseholders can use the Right to Manage for any reason - they don\u2019t have to prove the building has been badly managed.

    ", + "

    Right to Manage companies

    ", + "

    To use the right, leaseholders must set up an RTM company and follow certain procedures. The RTM company can manage the building directly, or pay a managing agent to do it.

    ", + "

    As landlord, you have the right to be a member of the RTM company and to vote on decisions. You get at least 1 vote. How many votes you\u2019ll get depends on how many flats you own in the building.

    ", + "

    The RTM company must pay for any costs you incur during the management transfer process - even if it doesn\u2019t end up managing the building.

    ", + "

    Qualifying

    ", + "

    To qualify for Right to Manage:

    ", + "
  • the building must be made up of flats (houses don\u2019t qualify)
    • ", + "
  • at least two-thirds of the flats in the building must be leasehold - with leases that were for more than 21 years when they were granted
    • ", + "
  • at least 75% of the building must be residential - for example, if there\u2019s a shop in the building, it can\u2019t take up more than 25% of the total floor area
    • ", + "
  • you must live somewhere else if there are less than 4 flats in the block - unless the block was purpose-built as flats, rather than converted from another type of building
    • ", + "
  • any number of owners can set up an RTM company - but at least half of the flats in the building must be members of the company before it can actually take over management
    • ", + "

    Notices

    ", + "

    Normally, the leaseholders will contact you once they\u2019ve set up an RTM company. You may get a \u2018right to information\u2019 notice from the company - asking for the information they need in order to claim their Right to Manage.

    ", + "

    You receive a \u2018notice of claim\u2019

    ", + "

    If you receive a \u2018notice of claim\u2019 it means that the RTM company intends to take over management of the building. It will tell you:

    ", + "
  • the date you must respond by
    • ", + "
  • the date the RTM company intends to take over management of the building
    • ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • accept the claim
    • ", + "
  • dispute the claim - the notice of claim will tell you when you need to do this by, but the deadline can\u2019t be less than 1 month from the date of the notice
    • ", + "

    Disputing the claim

    ", + "

    You can dispute the claim by serving a counter-notice to the Right to Manage (RTM) company. In it, you must give reasons why you think the company isn\u2019t entitled to manage the building.

    ", + "

    You can dispute the claim if you think:

    ", + "
  • the building doesn\u2019t qualify
    • ", + "
  • the RTM company doesn\u2019t comply with the legal requirements
    • ", + "
  • the RTM company members don\u2019t represent half the flats in the building
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t dispute the claim for any other reason.

    ", + "

    Leasehold Valuation Tribunal

    ", + "

    If the members of the RTM company think you\u2019re wrong, the company must apply to the Leasehold Valuation Tribunal (LVT) within 2 months of the date of the counter-notice. The LVT will then decide if the RTM company can manage the building.

    ", + "

    Transferring management of the building

    ", + "

    If you accept the Right to Manage (RTM) company\u2019s notice, or if you dispute the claim and the Leasehold Valuation Tribunal (LVT) decides against you, the management of the building will transfer to the RTM company.

    ", + "

    The date the RTM company takes over management responsibilities is called the \u2018date of acquisition\u2019. This will be:

    ", + "
  • on the date given on the notice of claim - if you accept the claim
    • ", + "
  • 3 months after the LVT decision becomes final - if you disputed the claim and lost
    • ", + "
  • 3 months after agreement - if you originally disputed the claim but later came to an agreement with the RTM company
    • ", + "

    You must transfer any money you have from service charges on the acquisition date - or as soon after as is reasonably possible.

    ", + "

    Ongoing management

    ", + "

    The RTM company must tell you at least 30 days before approving:

    ", + "
  • assignment (selling or transferring the flat into someone else\u2019s name)
    • ", + "
  • a sublet
    • ", + "
  • a charge to leaseholders
    • ", + "

    If the lease says your consent is needed, the RTM company must give you 30 days\u2019 notice before approving:

    ", + "
  • any changes to the structure of the building
    • ", + "
  • any changes to the use of the building
    • ", + "

    For other approvals they must tell you at least 14 days in advance.

    ", + "

    Read the Leasehold Advisory Service\u2019s guide on The Right to Manage for a detailed explanation of how Right to Manage works.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-agreements-a-guide-for-landlords": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-agreements-a-guide-for-landlords", + "title": "Tenancy agreements: a guide for landlords (England and Wales)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA tenancy agreement is a contract between you and your tenants. It sets out the legal terms and conditions of the tenancy. It can be written down or oral.\n\nA tenancy can either be:\n\n- fixed-term (running for a set period of time)\n\n- periodic (running on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis)\n\n## Rights and responsibilities\n\nBoth you and your tenants have certain rights and responsibilities, whether or not there is a tenancy agreement.\n\n## Tenancy types\n\n## Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)\n\nThe most common form of tenancy is an AST. Most new tenancies are automatically this type.\n\nA tenancy can be an AST if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a private landlord or housing association\n\n- the tenancy started on or after 15 January 1989\n\n- the property is your tenants\u2019 main accommodation\n\n- you do not live in the property\n\nA tenancy cannot be an AST if:\n\n- it began or was agreed before 15 January 1989\n\n- the rent is more than \u00a3100,000 a year\n\n- the rent is less than \u00a3250 a year (less than \u00a31,000 in London)\n\n- it\u2019s a business tenancy or tenancy of licensed premises\n\n- it\u2019s a holiday let\n\n- the landlord is a local council\n\n## Other tenancies\n\nThere are other tenancies that are not as common as ASTs, including:\n\n- excluded tenancies or licences\n\n- assured tenancies\n\n- regulated tenancies\n\n## Excluded tenancies or licences\n\nIf you have a lodger living in your home and share rooms with them, like a kitchen or bathroom, you may have one of these. This usually gives your lodger less protection from eviction than other types of agreement.\n\n## Assured tenancies\n\nTenancies starting between 15 January 1989 and 27 February 1997 may be assured. Your tenants have increased protection from eviction with this type of agreement.\n\n## Regulated tenancies\n\nTenancies starting before 15 January 1989 may be regulated. Your tenants have increased protection from eviction and can apply for a \u2018fair rent\u2019.\n\n## What you should include in a tenancy agreement\n\nThe tenancy agreement should include:\n\n- the names of all people involved\n\n- the rental price and how it\u2019s paid\n\n- information on how and when the rent will be reviewed\n\n- the deposit amount and how it will be protected\n\n- when the deposit can be fully or partly withheld, for example to repair damage caused by tenants\n\n- the property address\n\n- the start and end date of the tenancy\n\n- any tenant or landlord obligations\n\n- which bills your tenants are responsible for\n\nIt can also include information on:\n\n- whether the tenancy can be ended early and how this can be done\n\n- who\u2019s responsible for minor repairs (other than those that the landlord is legally responsible for)\n\n- whether the property can be let to someone else (sublet) or have lodgers\n\nThe terms of the tenancy must be fair and comply with the law. You can use a model agreement as a template.\n\nYou cannot have anything in your tenancy agreement that may indirectly discriminate against your tenants.\n\n## Changes to tenancy agreements\n\nYou must get the agreement of your tenants if you want to make changes to the terms of their tenancy agreement.\n\n## Preventing discrimination\n\nYou cannot discriminate against or harass your tenants on the grounds of:\n\n- age\n\n- being or becoming a transsexual person\n\n- being married or in a civil partnership\n\n- being pregnant or on maternity leave\n\n- disability\n\n- race including colour, nationality, ethnic or national origin\n\n- religion, belief or lack of religion or belief\n\n- sex\n\n- sexual orientation\n\n## If you get managed payments from your local council\n\nWhen your tenants move to Universal Credit, you can help them set up their new rent payments.\n\nYou can read more about Universal Credit and how it affects landlords.\n\n## Ending a tenancy\n\nIf you want your tenants to leave, you must give them notice in a particular way, including certain information and warnings. This depends on the type of tenancy agreement and its terms.\n\n## Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)\n\nIn some circumstances, you can take back your property without giving any reason. To do this, and all of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve protected your tenants\u2019 deposit in a deposit protection scheme\n\n- the date they must leave is at least 6 months after the original tenancy began (the one they signed on first moving in)\n\n- they have a periodic tenancy - or they have a fixed-term tenancy and you are not asking them to leave before the end of the fixed term\n\n## How much notice you need to give\n\nYou must give your tenants written notice that you want the property back (\u2018notice to quit\u2019) and the date they must leave. The notice period you give them must be at least:\n\n- 2 months if you gave notice before 26 March 2020\n\n- 3 months if you gave notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020\n\n- 6 months if you gave notice on or after 29 August 2020\n\nIf you gave a section 8 notice, the notice period is sometimes shorter, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\nThis change is because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## During the fixed term\n\nIf you\u2019re still in the fixed term, you can only ask your tenants to leave if you have a reason for wanting possession that\u2019s in the Housing Act 1988.\n\nExamples of reasons include:\n\n- your tenants are behind with rent payments (\u2018in arrears\u2019)\n\n- your tenants have used the property for illegal purposes, for example selling drugs\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice before 26 March 2020, you would have needed to give them up to 2 months to leave, depending on the reason.\n\nBecause of coronavirus, in most cases you must now give them a longer notice period.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, period must have been at least 3 months.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice on or after 29 August 2020, the notice period must be at least 6 months. It can be shorter in some cases, for example if you evict them for antisocial behaviour.\n\nThe Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government has information on reasons for possession for a property let on an AST.\n\n## Assured tenancies\n\nYou will need to use one of the reasons for possession in the Housing Act 1988.\n\n## Excluded tenancies or licences\n\nIf you live with a lodger and share rooms with them, you\u2019ll often have an excluded tenancy or licence.\n\nIn this case, you only need to give \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. Usually this means the length of the rental payment period \u2013 so if you collect rent monthly, you\u2019ll need to give 1 month\u2019s notice.\n\nThe notice does not have to be in writing.\n\n## Non-excluded tenancy or licence\n\nYou can end the agreement at any time by serving a written \u2018notice to quit\u2019. The notice period will depend on the tenancy or agreement, but it\u2019s usually at least 4 weeks.\n\n## Break clauses\n\nIf there\u2019s a break clause in the tenancy agreement, you can give your tenants notice after this. However, you do not have a guaranteed right to possession during the first 6 months of the tenancy.\n\n## If your tenant does not leave the property\n\nYou cannot remove your tenants by force. If the notice period expires and your tenants do not leave the property, you can start the process of eviction through the courts.\n\n## If your tenants want to leave\n\n## Tenancies\n\nThe tenancy agreement should say how much notice your tenants need to give before they can leave the property.\n\nTenants are responsible for paying rent for their entire fixed-term tenancy. They can move out early without paying rent for the full tenancy if:\n\n- there is a break clause in their tenancy agreement\n\n- you agree to ending the tenancy early\n\nThey can also leave if their tenancy is up after giving their notice (whether it is fixed-term or not).\n\n## Licence agreements\n\nIf the licence automatically runs out after a specific date and your lodger wants to end the agreement, they should let you know this before the licence runs out.\n\n## If your tenant dies without an executor or a will\n\nThe tenancy is transferred temporarily to the Public Trustee if a tenant dies:\n\n- without a will\n\n- with a will but without an executor\n\nYou cannot take back a property automatically even if the tenancy was due to end.\n\nYou may be fined if you try to repossess a property without following the rules.\n\n## Reclaim your property\n\nYou must:\n\n- post or deliver a letter to the tenant\u2019s last known address saying you\u2019re giving written notice\n\n- email a copy of your notice and a completed NL1 form to the Public Trustee\n\n- pay an application fee to the Public Trustee to register the notice\n\n## Give notice\n\nAddress the written notice to: \u201cThe Personal Representative of [full name of the tenant who died] of [last known address for the tenant who died]\u201d.\n\n## Email the notice and NL1 form to the Public Trustee\n\nOrder a NL1 application form to register a notice from OyezStore or from Shaws. The form costs no more than \u00a38.26.\n\nYou\u2019ll get it by post. Email a copy of the notice and a scan of your completed NL1 form to osptcontrolunit@ospt.gov.uk.\n\nYou must buy a new form for each application - you cannot use a photocopy. You can make your own version of the form, as long as it\u2019s laid out in the same way and includes all the relevant information.\n\n## Pay the application fee\n\nIt costs \u00a340 to register the notice. You can only pay by Bacs. Transfer the fee to the following account:\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 80 26 50 | 10014069 | The Public Trustee |\n\nInclude the name of the deceased in the payment reference.\n\n## Get a decision about your application\n\nThe Public Trustee will register or reject your application. You should get an email within 15 working days of the Public Trustee getting your application and payment.\n\nIf your application is registered, you\u2019ll be told the date it was put in the register.\n\nIf your application is rejected, for example because it\u2019s incomplete, you\u2019ll be told why the Public Trustee cannot register it.\n\nYou can search the Public Trustee\u2019s register if your notice is registered, for example to check that you can legally rent the property again or sell it.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A tenancy agreement is a contract between you and your tenants. It sets out the legal terms and conditions of the tenancy. It can be written down or oral.

    ", + "

    A tenancy can either be:

    ", + "
  • fixed-term (running for a set period of time)
    • ", + "
  • periodic (running on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis)
    • ", + "

    Rights and responsibilities

    ", + "

    Both you and your tenants have certain rights and responsibilities, whether or not there is a tenancy agreement.

    ", + "

    Tenancy types

    ", + "

    Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)

    ", + "

    The most common form of tenancy is an AST. Most new tenancies are automatically this type.

    ", + "

    A tenancy can be an AST if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a private landlord or housing association
    • ", + "
  • the tenancy started on or after 15 January 1989
    • ", + "
  • the property is your tenants\u2019 main accommodation
    • ", + "
  • you do not live in the property
    • ", + "

    A tenancy cannot be an AST if:

    ", + "
  • it began or was agreed before 15 January 1989
    • ", + "
  • the rent is more than \u00a3100,000 a year
    • ", + "
  • the rent is less than \u00a3250 a year (less than \u00a31,000 in London)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a business tenancy or tenancy of licensed premises
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a holiday let
    • ", + "
  • the landlord is a local council
    • ", + "

    Other tenancies

    ", + "

    There are other tenancies that are not as common as ASTs, including:

    ", + "
  • excluded tenancies or licences
    • ", + "
  • assured tenancies
    • ", + "
  • regulated tenancies
    • ", + "

    Excluded tenancies or licences

    ", + "

    If you have a lodger living in your home and share rooms with them, like a kitchen or bathroom, you may have one of these. This usually gives your lodger less protection from eviction than other types of agreement.

    ", + "

    Assured tenancies

    ", + "

    Tenancies starting between 15 January 1989 and 27 February 1997 may be assured. Your tenants have increased protection from eviction with this type of agreement.

    ", + "

    Regulated tenancies

    ", + "

    Tenancies starting before 15 January 1989 may be regulated. Your tenants have increased protection from eviction and can apply for a \u2018fair rent\u2019.

    ", + "

    What you should include in a tenancy agreement

    ", + "

    The tenancy agreement should include:

    ", + "
  • the names of all people involved
    • ", + "
  • the rental price and how it\u2019s paid
    • ", + "
  • information on how and when the rent will be reviewed
    • ", + "
  • the deposit amount and how it will be protected
    • ", + "
  • when the deposit can be fully or partly withheld, for example to repair damage caused by tenants
    • ", + "
  • the property address
    • ", + "
  • the start and end date of the tenancy
    • ", + "
  • any tenant or landlord obligations
    • ", + "
  • which bills your tenants are responsible for
    • ", + "

    It can also include information on:

    ", + "
  • whether the tenancy can be ended early and how this can be done
    • ", + "
  • who\u2019s responsible for minor repairs (other than those that the landlord is legally responsible for)
    • ", + "
  • whether the property can be let to someone else (sublet) or have lodgers
    • ", + "

    The terms of the tenancy must be fair and comply with the law. You can use a model agreement as a template.

    ", + "

    You cannot have anything in your tenancy agreement that may indirectly discriminate against your tenants.

    ", + "

    Changes to tenancy agreements

    ", + "

    You must get the agreement of your tenants if you want to make changes to the terms of their tenancy agreement.

    ", + "

    Preventing discrimination

    ", + "

    You cannot discriminate against or harass your tenants on the grounds of:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • being or becoming a transsexual person
    • ", + "
  • being married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • being pregnant or on maternity leave
    • ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • race including colour, nationality, ethnic or national origin
    • ", + "
  • religion, belief or lack of religion or belief
    • ", + "
  • sex
    • ", + "
  • sexual orientation
    • ", + "

    If you get managed payments from your local council

    ", + "

    When your tenants move to Universal Credit, you can help them set up their new rent payments.

    ", + "

    You can read more about Universal Credit and how it affects landlords.

    ", + "

    Ending a tenancy

    ", + "

    If you want your tenants to leave, you must give them notice in a particular way, including certain information and warnings. This depends on the type of tenancy agreement and its terms.

    ", + "

    Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)

    ", + "

    In some circumstances, you can take back your property without giving any reason. To do this, and all of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve protected your tenants\u2019 deposit in a deposit protection scheme
    • ", + "
  • the date they must leave is at least 6 months after the original tenancy began (the one they signed on first moving in)
    • ", + "
  • they have a periodic tenancy - or they have a fixed-term tenancy and you are not asking them to leave before the end of the fixed term
    • ", + "

    How much notice you need to give

    ", + "

    You must give your tenants written notice that you want the property back (\u2018notice to quit\u2019) and the date they must leave. The notice period you give them must be at least:

    ", + "
  • 2 months if you gave notice before 26 March 2020
    • ", + "
  • 3 months if you gave notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020
    • ", + "
  • 6 months if you gave notice on or after 29 August 2020
    • ", + "

    If you gave a section 8 notice, the notice period is sometimes shorter, depending on the reason for eviction.

    ", + "

    This change is because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    During the fixed term

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re still in the fixed term, you can only ask your tenants to leave if you have a reason for wanting possession that\u2019s in the Housing Act 1988.

    ", + "

    Examples of reasons include:

    ", + "
  • your tenants are behind with rent payments (\u2018in arrears\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • your tenants have used the property for illegal purposes, for example selling drugs
    • ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice before 26 March 2020, you would have needed to give them up to 2 months to leave, depending on the reason.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, in most cases you must now give them a longer notice period.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, period must have been at least 3 months.

    ", + "

    If you gave your tenant notice on or after 29 August 2020, the notice period must be at least 6 months. It can be shorter in some cases, for example if you evict them for antisocial behaviour.

    ", + "

    The Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government has information on reasons for possession for a property let on an AST.

    ", + "

    Assured tenancies

    ", + "

    You will need to use one of the reasons for possession in the Housing Act 1988.

    ", + "

    Excluded tenancies or licences

    ", + "

    If you live with a lodger and share rooms with them, you\u2019ll often have an excluded tenancy or licence.

    ", + "

    In this case, you only need to give \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. Usually this means the length of the rental payment period \u2013 so if you collect rent monthly, you\u2019ll need to give 1 month\u2019s notice.

    ", + "

    The notice does not have to be in writing.

    ", + "

    Non-excluded tenancy or licence

    ", + "

    You can end the agreement at any time by serving a written \u2018notice to quit\u2019. The notice period will depend on the tenancy or agreement, but it\u2019s usually at least 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    Break clauses

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a break clause in the tenancy agreement, you can give your tenants notice after this. However, you do not have a guaranteed right to possession during the first 6 months of the tenancy.

    ", + "

    If your tenant does not leave the property

    ", + "

    You cannot remove your tenants by force. If the notice period expires and your tenants do not leave the property, you can start the process of eviction through the courts.

    ", + "

    If your tenants want to leave

    ", + "

    Tenancies

    ", + "

    The tenancy agreement should say how much notice your tenants need to give before they can leave the property.

    ", + "

    Tenants are responsible for paying rent for their entire fixed-term tenancy. They can move out early without paying rent for the full tenancy if:

    ", + "
  • there is a break clause in their tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • you agree to ending the tenancy early
    • ", + "

    They can also leave if their tenancy is up after giving their notice (whether it is fixed-term or not).

    ", + "

    Licence agreements

    ", + "

    If the licence automatically runs out after a specific date and your lodger wants to end the agreement, they should let you know this before the licence runs out.

    ", + "

    If your tenant dies without an executor or a will

    ", + "

    The tenancy is transferred temporarily to the Public Trustee if a tenant dies:

    ", + "
  • without a will
    • ", + "
  • with a will but without an executor
    • ", + "

    You cannot take back a property automatically even if the tenancy was due to end.

    ", + "

    You may be fined if you try to repossess a property without following the rules.

    ", + "

    Reclaim your property

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • post or deliver a letter to the tenant\u2019s last known address saying you\u2019re giving written notice
    • ", + "
  • email a copy of your notice and a completed NL1 form to the Public Trustee
    • ", + "
  • pay an application fee to the Public Trustee to register the notice
    • ", + "

    Give notice

    ", + "

    Address the written notice to: \u201cThe Personal Representative of [full name of the tenant who died] of [last known address for the tenant who died]\u201d.

    ", + "

    Email the notice and NL1 form to the Public Trustee

    ", + "

    Order a NL1 application form to register a notice from OyezStore or from Shaws. The form costs no more than \u00a38.26.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get it by post. Email a copy of the notice and a scan of your completed NL1 form to osptcontrolunit@ospt.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    You must buy a new form for each application - you cannot use a photocopy. You can make your own version of the form, as long as it\u2019s laid out in the same way and includes all the relevant information.

    ", + "

    Pay the application fee

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a340 to register the notice. You can only pay by Bacs. Transfer the fee to the following account:

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "80 26 50 | 10014069 | The Public Trustee", + "

    Include the name of the deceased in the payment reference.

    ", + "

    Get a decision about your application

    ", + "

    The Public Trustee will register or reject your application. You should get an email within 15 working days of the Public Trustee getting your application and payment.

    ", + "

    If your application is registered, you\u2019ll be told the date it was put in the register.

    ", + "

    If your application is rejected, for example because it\u2019s incomplete, you\u2019ll be told why the Public Trustee cannot register it.

    ", + "

    You can search the Public Trustee\u2019s register if your notice is registered, for example to check that you can legally rent the property again or sell it.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-council-tax-band": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-council-tax-band", + "title": "Challenge your Council Tax band", + "content": "## Challenging your band\n\nCouncil Tax bands are based on how much a property was worth on:\n\n- 1 April 1991, for England and Scotland\n\n- 1 April 2003, for Wales\n\nYou might be able to challenge your Council Tax band if you have evidence that suggests the band is wrong.\n\n## When you can challenge your band\n\nYou can challenge your band if you have been paying Council Tax on your property for less than 6 months.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been paying Council Tax on your property for more than 6 months you can only challenge your band in specific circumstances. These include if:\n\n- your property has changed - for example, it\u2019s been demolished, split into multiple properties or merged into one\n\n- your property\u2019s use has changed - for example, part of your property is now used for business\n\n- your local area has changed - for example, a new supermarket has been built\n\n## Before you challenge your band\n\nContact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) to explain why you think your band is wrong. You must be able to provide evidence that supports your opinion. The VOA may be able to review and change your band without you needing to challenge it.\n\nThere\u2019s currently a reduced telephone service because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Only contact the VOA by telephone if you cannot email them.\n\n## How to challenge your band\n\nIf the VOA has reviewed your band and you do not agree with their decision, you can then formally challenge your band.\n\n- Find your property\u2019s Council Tax band on the valuation list.\n\n- Select your property. From \u2018Council Tax band details\u2019 choose \u2018Do you think this Council Tax band is wrong?\u2019\n\n- From \u2018If you think your Council Tax band is wrong\u2019 choose \u2018Check if you can formally challenge your Council Tax band\u2019.\n\n- Answer the questions on the checklist to find out if you can make a challenge.\n\n- Select \u2018Make a formal challenge against your Council Tax band online\u2019 to fill in the challenge form.\n\n- Provide evidence that supports your challenge in the \u2018Formal challenge details\u2019 section.\n\nYou must continue paying your Council Tax while the challenge is happening.\n\nYou can also appoint someone else to challenge on your behalf.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland use the Scottish Assessors website to check your Council Tax band, then follow the link \u2018Make a proposal\u2019.\n\n## Evidence that supports your challenge\n\nYou must send evidence that your council tax band is wrong to the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you\u2019re in England or Wales.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland, use the Scottish Assessors website to check what evidence you need.\n\n## Evidence you can send\n\nSend the addresses of up to 5 similar properties in a lower Council Tax band than yours.\n\nThey must be the same as your property in:\n\n- age\n\n- style and design\n\n- size (the VOA will also consider properties that are larger than yours)\n\n- type (for example, they must be semi-detached houses if you live in a semi-detached house)\n\nThey must also be either:\n\n- in the same street or estate - if you live in a town or city\n\n- in the same village - if you live in the countryside\n\n## Evidence from house prices\n\nYou can also use the price that your property or similar properties sold for as evidence, if the sales were between:\n\n- 1 April 1989 and 31 March 1993 - if your property is in England\n\n- 1 April 2001 and 31 March 2005 - if your property is in Wales\n\nYou can look up property sale prices online from 1995 onwards.\n\nCompare the sale prices to what the properties were valued at:\n\n| Council Tax band | Properties is in England - value in April 1991 | Properties in Wales - value in April 2003 |\n\n| A | Up to \u00a340,000 | Up to \u00a344,000 |\n\n| B | More than \u00a340,000 and up to \u00a352,000 | More than \u00a344,000 and up to \u00a365,000 |\n\n| C | More than \u00a352,000 and up to \u00a368,000 | More than \u00a365,000 and up to \u00a391,000 |\n\n| D | More than \u00a368,000 and up to \u00a388,000 | More than \u00a391,000 and up to \u00a3123,000 |\n\n| E | More than \u00a388,000 and up to \u00a3120,000 | More than \u00a3123,000 and up to \u00a3162,000 |\n\n| F | More than \u00a3120,000 and up to \u00a3160,000 | More than \u00a3162,000 and up to \u00a3223,000 |\n\n| G | More than \u00a3160,000 and up to \u00a3320,000 | More than \u00a3223,000 and up to \u00a3324,000 |\n\n| H | More than \u00a3320,000 | More than \u00a3324,000 and up to \u00a3424,000 |\n\n| I | - | More than \u00a3424,000 |\n\nIf the sale prices are different from the Council Tax bands the properties are in, send:\n\n- the addresses of the properties\n\n- the sale prices\n\n- the dates the properties were sold\n\nIf your property is in England, you\u2019ll also need to send proof of the sale prices, such as:\n\n- a letter from a solicitor\n\n- the contract for the sale\n\nDo not send data about average house prices in your area from websites such as Nationwide House Price Index, Nethouseprices, Rightmove or Zoopla.\n\n## After you make a challenge\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision from the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) within 4 months. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- change your Council Tax band - your local council will revise your bill and adjust your payments\n\n- tell you why your band cannot be changed\n\n## If you disagree with the VOA\u2019s decision\n\nIn England, if you make a formal challenge and disagree with the VOA\u2019s decision, you can appeal to the Valuation Tribunal.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Wales, send it to the Welsh Tribunal.\n\nThe Valuation Tribunal is independent of the VOA. It\u2019s free, but you have to pay your own costs.\n\nYou must appeal within 3 months of getting the VOA\u2019s decision. You may be able to get the time limit extended if you cannot apply in time.\n\nIf the tribunal agrees with you, the VOA will change your band and the council will update your bill.\n\n## Get help\n\nThe Valuation Tribunal has guidance on:\n\n- what you need to do for the hearing\n\n- preparing for the hearing\n\nYou can also contact the tribunal for help.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Challenging your band

    ", + "

    Council Tax bands are based on how much a property was worth on:

    ", + "
  • 1 April 1991, for England and Scotland
    • ", + "
  • 1 April 2003, for Wales
    • ", + "

    You might be able to challenge your Council Tax band if you have evidence that suggests the band is wrong.

    ", + "

    When you can challenge your band

    ", + "

    You can challenge your band if you have been paying Council Tax on your property for less than 6 months.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paying Council Tax on your property for more than 6 months you can only challenge your band in specific circumstances. These include if:

    ", + "
  • your property has changed - for example, it\u2019s been demolished, split into multiple properties or merged into one
    • ", + "
  • your property\u2019s use has changed - for example, part of your property is now used for business
    • ", + "
  • your local area has changed - for example, a new supermarket has been built
    • ", + "

    Before you challenge your band

    ", + "

    Contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) to explain why you think your band is wrong. You must be able to provide evidence that supports your opinion. The VOA may be able to review and change your band without you needing to challenge it.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s currently a reduced telephone service because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Only contact the VOA by telephone if you cannot email them.

    ", + "

    How to challenge your band

    ", + "

    If the VOA has reviewed your band and you do not agree with their decision, you can then formally challenge your band.

    ", + "
  • Find your property\u2019s Council Tax band on the valuation list.
    • ", + "
  • Select your property. From \u2018Council Tax band details\u2019 choose \u2018Do you think this Council Tax band is wrong?\u2019
    • ", + "
  • From \u2018If you think your Council Tax band is wrong\u2019 choose \u2018Check if you can formally challenge your Council Tax band\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Answer the questions on the checklist to find out if you can make a challenge.
    • ", + "
  • Select \u2018Make a formal challenge against your Council Tax band online\u2019 to fill in the challenge form.
    • ", + "
  • Provide evidence that supports your challenge in the \u2018Formal challenge details\u2019 section.
    • ", + "

    You must continue paying your Council Tax while the challenge is happening.

    ", + "

    You can also appoint someone else to challenge on your behalf.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Scotland use the Scottish Assessors website to check your Council Tax band, then follow the link \u2018Make a proposal\u2019.

    ", + "

    Evidence that supports your challenge

    ", + "

    You must send evidence that your council tax band is wrong to the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you\u2019re in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Scotland, use the Scottish Assessors website to check what evidence you need.

    ", + "

    Evidence you can send

    ", + "

    Send the addresses of up to 5 similar properties in a lower Council Tax band than yours.

    ", + "

    They must be the same as your property in:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • style and design
    • ", + "
  • size (the VOA will also consider properties that are larger than yours)
    • ", + "
  • type (for example, they must be semi-detached houses if you live in a semi-detached house)
    • ", + "

    They must also be either:

    ", + "
  • in the same street or estate - if you live in a town or city
    • ", + "
  • in the same village - if you live in the countryside
    • ", + "

    Evidence from house prices

    ", + "

    You can also use the price that your property or similar properties sold for as evidence, if the sales were between:

    ", + "
  • 1 April 1989 and 31 March 1993 - if your property is in England
    • ", + "
  • 1 April 2001 and 31 March 2005 - if your property is in Wales
    • ", + "

    You can look up property sale prices online from 1995 onwards.

    ", + "

    Compare the sale prices to what the properties were valued at:

    ", + "Council Tax band | Properties is in England - value in April 1991 | Properties in Wales - value in April 2003", + "A | Up to \u00a340,000 | Up to \u00a344,000", + "B | More than \u00a340,000 and up to \u00a352,000 | More than \u00a344,000 and up to \u00a365,000", + "C | More than \u00a352,000 and up to \u00a368,000 | More than \u00a365,000 and up to \u00a391,000", + "D | More than \u00a368,000 and up to \u00a388,000 | More than \u00a391,000 and up to \u00a3123,000", + "E | More than \u00a388,000 and up to \u00a3120,000 | More than \u00a3123,000 and up to \u00a3162,000", + "F | More than \u00a3120,000 and up to \u00a3160,000 | More than \u00a3162,000 and up to \u00a3223,000", + "G | More than \u00a3160,000 and up to \u00a3320,000 | More than \u00a3223,000 and up to \u00a3324,000", + "H | More than \u00a3320,000 | More than \u00a3324,000 and up to \u00a3424,000", + "I | - | More than \u00a3424,000", + "

    If the sale prices are different from the Council Tax bands the properties are in, send:

    ", + "
  • the addresses of the properties
    • ", + "
  • the sale prices
    • ", + "
  • the dates the properties were sold
    • ", + "

    If your property is in England, you\u2019ll also need to send proof of the sale prices, such as:

    ", + "
  • a letter from a solicitor
    • ", + "
  • the contract for the sale
    • ", + "

    Do not send data about average house prices in your area from websites such as Nationwide House Price Index, Nethouseprices, Rightmove or Zoopla.

    ", + "

    After you make a challenge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision from the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) within 4 months. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • change your Council Tax band - your local council will revise your bill and adjust your payments
    • ", + "
  • tell you why your band cannot be changed
    • ", + "

    If you disagree with the VOA\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    In England, if you make a formal challenge and disagree with the VOA\u2019s decision, you can appeal to the Valuation Tribunal.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Wales, send it to the Welsh Tribunal.

    ", + "

    The Valuation Tribunal is independent of the VOA. It\u2019s free, but you have to pay your own costs.

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 3 months of getting the VOA\u2019s decision. You may be able to get the time limit extended if you cannot apply in time.

    ", + "

    If the tribunal agrees with you, the VOA will change your band and the council will update your bill.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    The Valuation Tribunal has guidance on:

    ", + "
  • what you need to do for the hearing
    • ", + "
  • preparing for the hearing
    • ", + "

    You can also contact the tribunal for help.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "title": "Council Tax", + "content": "## Working out your Council Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know 3 things:\n\n- the valuation band for your home in England and Wales or in Scotland\n\n- how much your local council charges for that band\n\n- whether you can get a discount or exemption from the full bill\n\nYou may be able to get Council Tax Reduction (this used to be called Council Tax Benefit) if you\u2019re on a low income or get benefits.\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think your home is in the wrong valuation band.\n\n## Changes that may affect your Council Tax band\n\nYour property may be revalued and put in a different band in some circumstances, for example if:\n\n- you demolish part of your property and do not rebuild it\n\n- you alter your property to create 2 or more self-contained units, for example an annexe - each unit will have its own band\n\n- you split a single property into self-contained flats\n\n- you convert flats into a single property\n\n- you start or stop working from home\n\n- the previous owner made changes to your property\n\n- there are significant changes to your local area, like a new road being built\n\n- a similar property in your area has its Council Tax band changed\n\nAsk the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you want to know if changes to your property will affect your Council Tax band.\n\n## Who has to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax if you\u2019re 18 or over and own or rent a home.\n\nA full Council Tax bill is based on at least 2 adults living in a home. Spouses and partners who live together are jointly responsible for paying the bill.\n\nYou\u2019ll get 25% off your bill if you count as an adult for Council Tax and either:\n\n- you live on your own\n\n- no-one else in your home counts as an adult\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a 50% discount if no-one living in your home, including you, counts as an adult.\n\nYou will not have to pay any Council Tax if everyone in your home, including you, is a full-time student.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Who does not count as an adult?\n\nThese people are not counted as adults for Council Tax:\n\n- children under 18\n\n- people on some apprentice schemes\n\n- 18 and 19-year-olds in full-time education\n\n- full-time college and university students\n\n- young people under 25 who get funding from the Skills Funding Agency or Young People\u2019s Learning Agency\n\n- student nurses\n\n- foreign language assistants registered with the British Council\n\n- people with a severe mental impairment\n\n- live-in carers who look after someone who is not their partner, spouse, or child under 18\n\n- diplomats\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019re unsure about whether you can get a discount or who\u2019s responsible for paying.\n\n## People on apprentice schemes\n\nTo show that you do not qualify as an adult for Council Tax, you\u2019ll need a declaration from your employer stating that:\n\n- you will not be paid more than \u00a3195 a week\n\n- the training leads to a qualification accredited by a body recognised by the Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation (Ofqual) or the Scottish Vocational Education Council (SVEC)\n\n## If you get a Council Tax discount by mistake\n\nYou must tell your council. If you do not, you could get a fine.\n\nThe council may ask you to pay back the discount.\n\n## Discounts for full-time students\n\nHouseholds where everyone\u2019s a full-time student do not have to pay Council Tax. If you do get a bill, you can apply for an exemption.\n\nTo count as a full-time student, your course must:\n\n- last at least 1 year\n\n- involve at least 21 hours study per week\n\nIf you study for a qualification up to A level and you\u2019re under 20, your course must:\n\n- last at least 3 months\n\n- involve at least 12 hours study per week\n\nYou\u2019ll get a Council Tax bill if there\u2019s someone in your household who\u2019s not a full-time student, but your household might still qualify for a discount.\n\n## Discounts for disabled people\n\nPeople who are severely mentally impaired are not included when working out Council Tax.\n\nYou also are not included if you\u2019re a live-in carer looking after someone who is not your partner, spouse, or child under 18.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Disabled Band Reduction Scheme\n\nYou may be eligible for the scheme if you live in a larger property than you would need if you or another occupant were not disabled.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve either:\n\n- an extra bathroom, kitchen or other room that you need for the disabled person\n\n- extra space inside the property for using a wheelchair\n\nThe property must be the main home of at least 1 disabled person. This can be an adult or a child - it does not have to be the person responsible for paying the Council Tax.\n\nCheck if you qualify for the scheme.\n\n## Second homes and empty properties\n\nYou may be able to get a discount if you have a second home or an empty property - it\u2019s up to your council to decide.\n\nCouncils can charge extra Council Tax for empty properties.\n\n## Second homes\n\nYou may pay less Council Tax for a property you own or rent that\u2019s not your main home.\n\nCouncils can give furnished second homes or holiday homes a discount of up to 50%. Contact your council to find out if you can get a discount - it\u2019s up to them how much you can get.\n\n## Empty properties\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax on an empty home, but your council can decide to give you a discount - the amount is up to them. Contact your council to ask about a discount.\n\nYou can be charged up to double your Council Tax if your home has been empty for 2 years or more (unless it\u2019s an annexe or you\u2019re in the armed forces).\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland.\n\n## When you do not pay Council Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re selling a property on behalf of an owner who\u2019s died, you won\u2019t need to pay Council Tax until after you get probate as long as the property remains empty. After probate is granted, you may be able to get a Council Tax exemption for another 6 months if the property is both:\n\n- unoccupied\n\n- still owned and in the name of the person who died\n\nSome homes do not get a Council Tax bill for as long as they stay empty. They include homes:\n\n- of someone in prison (except for not paying a fine or Council Tax)\n\n- of someone who\u2019s moved into a care home or hospital\n\n- that have been repossessed\n\n- that cannot be lived in by law, for example if they\u2019re derelict\n\n- that are empty because they\u2019ve been compulsory purchased and will be demolished\n\nYou may get a discount if your home is undergoing major repair work or structural changes, for example your walls are being rebuilt.\n\n## If your property\u2019s been refurbished\n\nYour council will tell you when you have to start paying Council Tax if you\u2019ve been carrying out major home improvements on an empty property or building a new property.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018completion notice\u2019 that tells you the date you must start paying Council Tax.\n\n## If your property\u2019s derelict\n\nYour property\u2019s only considered derelict if it:\n\n- is not possible to live in it, for example because it\u2019s been damaged by weather, rot or vandalism\n\n- would need major structural works to make it \u2018wind and watertight\u2019 again\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think a derelict property should be removed from the Council Tax valuation list.\n\n## Paying your bill\n\nYour Council Tax bill tells you:\n\n- how much you have to pay for the year\n\n- how that amount has been worked out\n\n- the dates you have to pay\n\nThe cost is usually split into 10 monthly payments. Contact your council immediately if you\u2019re having trouble paying - they can help you, for example by spreading your payments over 12 months instead of 10.\n\nThe council can take action to reclaim any debts you owe if you get behind with your payments.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nYou can usually pay your Council Tax online.\n\nYou can also use \u2018Paypoint\u2019, \u2018Payzone\u2019 or \u2018Quickcards\u2019 for cash payments at post offices, banks, newsagents and convenience stores.\n\nCheck your bill to find out which other payment methods you can use.\n\n## If you\u2019ve overpaid\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019ve paid too much Council Tax and have not received an automatic refund.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Working out your Council Tax

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to know 3 things:

    ", + "
  • the valuation band for your home in England and Wales or in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • how much your local council charges for that band
    • ", + "
  • whether you can get a discount or exemption from the full bill
    • ", + "

    You may be able to get Council Tax Reduction (this used to be called Council Tax Benefit) if you\u2019re on a low income or get benefits.

    ", + "

    You can challenge your Council Tax band if you think your home is in the wrong valuation band.

    ", + "

    Changes that may affect your Council Tax band

    ", + "

    Your property may be revalued and put in a different band in some circumstances, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you demolish part of your property and do not rebuild it
    • ", + "
  • you alter your property to create 2 or more self-contained units, for example an annexe - each unit will have its own band
    • ", + "
  • you split a single property into self-contained flats
    • ", + "
  • you convert flats into a single property
    • ", + "
  • you start or stop working from home
    • ", + "
  • the previous owner made changes to your property
    • ", + "
  • there are significant changes to your local area, like a new road being built
    • ", + "
  • a similar property in your area has its Council Tax band changed
    • ", + "

    Ask the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you want to know if changes to your property will affect your Council Tax band.

    ", + "

    Who has to pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax if you\u2019re 18 or over and own or rent a home.

    ", + "

    A full Council Tax bill is based on at least 2 adults living in a home. Spouses and partners who live together are jointly responsible for paying the bill.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get 25% off your bill if you count as an adult for Council Tax and either:

    ", + "
  • you live on your own
    • ", + "
  • no-one else in your home counts as an adult
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a 50% discount if no-one living in your home, including you, counts as an adult.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay any Council Tax if everyone in your home, including you, is a full-time student.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Council Tax discount.

    ", + "

    Who does not count as an adult?

    ", + "

    These people are not counted as adults for Council Tax:

    ", + "
  • children under 18
    • ", + "
  • people on some apprentice schemes
    • ", + "
  • 18 and 19-year-olds in full-time education
    • ", + "
  • full-time college and university students
    • ", + "
  • young people under 25 who get funding from the Skills Funding Agency or Young People\u2019s Learning Agency
    • ", + "
  • student nurses
    • ", + "
  • foreign language assistants registered with the British Council
    • ", + "
  • people with a severe mental impairment
    • ", + "
  • live-in carers who look after someone who is not their partner, spouse, or child under 18
    • ", + "
  • diplomats
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council if you\u2019re unsure about whether you can get a discount or who\u2019s responsible for paying.

    ", + "

    People on apprentice schemes

    ", + "

    To show that you do not qualify as an adult for Council Tax, you\u2019ll need a declaration from your employer stating that:

    ", + "
  • you will not be paid more than \u00a3195 a week
    • ", + "
  • the training leads to a qualification accredited by a body recognised by the Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation (Ofqual) or the Scottish Vocational Education Council (SVEC)
    • ", + "

    If you get a Council Tax discount by mistake

    ", + "

    You must tell your council. If you do not, you could get a fine.

    ", + "

    The council may ask you to pay back the discount.

    ", + "

    Discounts for full-time students

    ", + "

    Households where everyone\u2019s a full-time student do not have to pay Council Tax. If you do get a bill, you can apply for an exemption.

    ", + "

    To count as a full-time student, your course must:

    ", + "
  • last at least 1 year
    • ", + "
  • involve at least 21 hours study per week
    • ", + "

    If you study for a qualification up to A level and you\u2019re under 20, your course must:

    ", + "
  • last at least 3 months
    • ", + "
  • involve at least 12 hours study per week
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a Council Tax bill if there\u2019s someone in your household who\u2019s not a full-time student, but your household might still qualify for a discount.

    ", + "

    Discounts for disabled people

    ", + "

    People who are severely mentally impaired are not included when working out Council Tax.

    ", + "

    You also are not included if you\u2019re a live-in carer looking after someone who is not your partner, spouse, or child under 18.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Council Tax discount.

    ", + "

    Disabled Band Reduction Scheme

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for the scheme if you live in a larger property than you would need if you or another occupant were not disabled.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve either:

    ", + "
  • an extra bathroom, kitchen or other room that you need for the disabled person
    • ", + "
  • extra space inside the property for using a wheelchair
    • ", + "

    The property must be the main home of at least 1 disabled person. This can be an adult or a child - it does not have to be the person responsible for paying the Council Tax.

    ", + "

    Check if you qualify for the scheme.

    ", + "

    Second homes and empty properties

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a discount if you have a second home or an empty property - it\u2019s up to your council to decide.

    ", + "

    Councils can charge extra Council Tax for empty properties.

    ", + "

    Second homes

    ", + "

    You may pay less Council Tax for a property you own or rent that\u2019s not your main home.

    ", + "

    Councils can give furnished second homes or holiday homes a discount of up to 50%. Contact your council to find out if you can get a discount - it\u2019s up to them how much you can get.

    ", + "

    Empty properties

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax on an empty home, but your council can decide to give you a discount - the amount is up to them. Contact your council to ask about a discount.

    ", + "

    You can be charged up to double your Council Tax if your home has been empty for 2 years or more (unless it\u2019s an annexe or you\u2019re in the armed forces).

    ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland.

    ", + "

    When you do not pay Council Tax

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling a property on behalf of an owner who\u2019s died, you won\u2019t need to pay Council Tax until after you get probate as long as the property remains empty. After probate is granted, you may be able to get a Council Tax exemption for another 6 months if the property is both:

    ", + "
  • unoccupied
    • ", + "
  • still owned and in the name of the person who died
    • ", + "

    Some homes do not get a Council Tax bill for as long as they stay empty. They include homes:

    ", + "
  • of someone in prison (except for not paying a fine or Council Tax)
    • ", + "
  • of someone who\u2019s moved into a care home or hospital
    • ", + "
  • that have been repossessed
    • ", + "
  • that cannot be lived in by law, for example if they\u2019re derelict
    • ", + "
  • that are empty because they\u2019ve been compulsory purchased and will be demolished
    • ", + "

    You may get a discount if your home is undergoing major repair work or structural changes, for example your walls are being rebuilt.

    ", + "

    If your property\u2019s been refurbished

    ", + "

    Your council will tell you when you have to start paying Council Tax if you\u2019ve been carrying out major home improvements on an empty property or building a new property.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018completion notice\u2019 that tells you the date you must start paying Council Tax.

    ", + "

    If your property\u2019s derelict

    ", + "

    Your property\u2019s only considered derelict if it:

    ", + "
  • is not possible to live in it, for example because it\u2019s been damaged by weather, rot or vandalism
    • ", + "
  • would need major structural works to make it \u2018wind and watertight\u2019 again
    • ", + "

    You can challenge your Council Tax band if you think a derelict property should be removed from the Council Tax valuation list.

    ", + "

    Paying your bill

    ", + "

    Your Council Tax bill tells you:

    ", + "
  • how much you have to pay for the year
    • ", + "
  • how that amount has been worked out
    • ", + "
  • the dates you have to pay
    • ", + "

    The cost is usually split into 10 monthly payments. Contact your council immediately if you\u2019re having trouble paying - they can help you, for example by spreading your payments over 12 months instead of 10.

    ", + "

    The council can take action to reclaim any debts you owe if you get behind with your payments.

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    You can usually pay your Council Tax online.

    ", + "

    You can also use \u2018Paypoint\u2019, \u2018Payzone\u2019 or \u2018Quickcards\u2019 for cash payments at post offices, banks, newsagents and convenience stores.

    ", + "

    Check your bill to find out which other payment methods you can use.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve overpaid

    ", + "

    Contact your local council if you\u2019ve paid too much Council Tax and have not received an automatic refund.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/council-housing": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-housing", + "title": "Council housing", + "content": "## Apply for a council home\n\nYou apply for council housing through your local council.\n\nEach council has its own rules.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to join a waiting list and you\u2019re not guaranteed to get a property. Ask your council how long you\u2019re likely to have to wait.\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re 18 or over (some councils let you apply if you\u2019re 16 or over).\n\nYou may be able to apply even if you do not live in the area.\n\n## Waiting lists\n\nCouncils decide who gets offered housing based on a \u2018points\u2019 or \u2018banding\u2019 system.\n\nPoints and bands are based on housing need. For example, you\u2019re likely to be offered housing first if you:\n\n- are homeless\n\n- live in cramped conditions\n\n- have a medical condition made worse by your current home\n\nOnce you\u2019re high enough on the list, your council will contact you about an available property.\n\n## Choice-based lettings\n\nSome councils have a choice-based letting scheme. This lets you tell your council which properties you\u2019re interested in. It depends on the council, but once you\u2019ve been accepted onto the waiting list, the basic steps are:\n\n- Find a property: check in local papers, on council websites, in council offices or in local libraries.\n\n- Check you can apply for it: some properties are only suitable for single people, families or disabled people.\n\n- Apply: this is known as \u2018bidding\u2019, but it does not involve money. You can bid online, by phone or by text.\n\n- Get the council\u2019s decision.\n\n## Getting an offer\n\nNormally you only have a short time to accept a housing offer. If you do not accept it, you can usually stay on the waiting list (or bid for other properties), but you may be put lower down the list.\n\nYou may be taken off the list temporarily if you keep rejecting offers.\n\nYou can appeal if you\u2019re not happy with your council\u2019s decision.\n\n## Types of tenancy\n\nYour tenancy agreement is a legal document and tells you all the rules about living in your property.\n\nDifferent council tenants have different tenancies. These give you different rights and responsibilities.\n\n## Introductory tenancy\n\nNew council tenants may be offered an introductory tenancy. These usually last 12 months and are like a \u2018trial\u2019 period.\n\nYou automatically become a secure or flexible tenant after 12 months, unless your council has either:\n\n- started action to evict you\n\n- extended your introductory tenancy for a further 6 months\n\nThere are limits to what you can do with an introductory tenancy, for example you cannot:\n\n- make major improvements to the property\n\n- swap your property with another council tenant\n\n- apply to buy your property through the Right to Buy scheme\n\n## Secure tenancy\n\nAs a secure tenant, you can normally live in the property for the rest of your life, as long as you do not break the conditions of the tenancy.\n\nYou can:\n\n- rent out rooms - but you cannot sub-let the whole property\n\n- buy your property through the Right to Buy scheme\n\n- swap your home with another council or housing association tenant - with your council\u2019s permission\n\n- transfer your tenancy to someone else in some circumstances\n\n- make improvements to your home - you\u2019ll need permission from your council for some types of work\n\n## Scottish secure tenancy\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have a Scottish secure tenancy if you rent your home from the council, a housing association or housing co-operative in Scotland.\n\n## Flexible tenancy\n\nAs a flexible tenant, you have tenancy for a fixed period. This is usually for at least 5 years, though in some cases it may be between 2 and 5 years.\n\nAt the end of the fixed period the council may decide to:\n\n- offer you another fixed-term tenancy\n\n- offer you a secure tenancy\n\n- not renew your tenancy\n\nThey must explain their reasons if they decide not to renew your tenancy and give you a chance to challenge the decision.\n\nAs a flexible tenant you can:\n\n- rent out rooms - but you cannot sub-let the whole property\n\n- buy your property through the Right to Buy scheme\n\n- swap your home with another council or housing association tenant - with your council\u2019s permission\n\n- transfer your tenancy to someone else in some circumstances\n\n## Joint tenancy\n\nUnder a joint tenancy, all the tenants share equal responsibility.\n\nYou can apply for a joint tenancy at any time if you\u2019re married or in a registered civil partnership. You must usually have lived together at the property for at least 12 months if you\u2019re a cohabiting couple or related (like brother and sister).\n\n## Transferring your tenancy\n\nSecure and flexible tenants may be able to transfer a tenancy to someone else, or, in some circumstances, pass on a tenancy to someone when they die.\n\nSecure tenancies granted before 1 April 2012 can be transferred or passed on only once. For example, if you take over a tenancy when someone dies, you cannot pass on the tenancy to someone else when you die.\n\nSome secure and flexible tenancies granted from 1 April 2012 may mean you can transfer or pass on your tenancy more than once - check your tenancy agreement.\n\nTo transfer a tenancy, complete a \u2018request to assign tenancy\u2019 form, available from your local council\u2019s housing department.\n\n## Ending your tenancy\n\nYour tenancy can only be ended if:\n\n- you give the council 4 weeks\u2019 notice in writing\n\n- the council evicts you\n\n- the council needs to move you, for example to redevelop the property - it should offer you a new property and a new tenancy with no less security\n\nSecure tenancies can also end if:\n\n- the council needs to move you, for example to redevelop your property \u2013 it should offer you a new property and a new secure tenancy\n\n- you transfer your tenancy to someone else or swap homes\n\n## Ending joint tenancies\n\nIf only one of you wants to end the tenancy and the other joint tenant(s) wants to stay in the property, your council may:\n\n- give the remaining tenant(s) a new tenancy at the same property\n\n- not give them a new tenancy, for example because the property could be offered to another couple or family\n\nIf one joint tenant dies, the tenancy continues for the surviving tenant(s).\n\nIf you and your partner divorce or your relationship breaks down and you cannot agree on who gets the tenancy, a court can decide this.\n\n## Repairs and maintenance\n\nYou\u2019re likely to be responsible for things like:\n\n- fixing a curtain or shower rail\n\n- getting keys cut if you lose them\n\n- arranging and paying for any damage you or your visitors have caused in your home to be put right\n\nYour council is responsible for making sure:\n\n- the structure of your property is kept in good condition \u2013 this includes the walls, ceiling, roof and windows\n\n- gas and electricity appliances work safely\n\n- shared parts of a building or housing estate are kept in good condition\n\nYour council will have a published policy setting out the timescales in which it will carry out different types of repairs.\n\nYou should get several weeks\u2019 warning of any work needed.\n\nYou can request a repair to your council property to fix an urgent problem.\n\n## Leaving your home\n\nYou may have to leave your home if major works are needed on the building. Your council must find you somewhere to live while work is carried out and pay for the cost of this.\n\nYou may also get money from your council to pay for the cost of moving and the inconvenience it causes.\n\n## If council works damage your property\n\nThe council should repair any damage caused by maintenance or building work. You may be able to get a reduction in your rent if the repairs cause a lot of disruption.\n\n## Your own home improvements\n\nThe kind of improvements you can make to your council property depends on the type of tenancy you have.\n\nIntroductory tenants are usually limited to minor improvements like redecorating inside.\n\nIf you\u2019re a secure tenant, you have the right to carry out improvements to your property. These include:\n\n- installing a new bathroom or kitchen\n\n- building an extension\n\n- putting up a garden shed or greenhouse\n\n- installing a new gas fire or fireplace\n\n- cavity wall insulation\n\n- redecorating the outside of a house\n\n- fitting an aerial or satellite dish\n\nYou might need your council\u2019s written permission for work you do. Contact your council if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## Complaints\n\nFollow these steps if you have a problem with your council housing:\n\n- Complain to your council - they should have a complaints policy that you can follow.\n\n- Make a complaint to a \u2018designated person\u2019 (your MP, a local councillor or a tenant panel) if you cannot resolve the problem with your council.\n\n- Contact the Housing Ombudsman if you and your council still cannot resolve the problem.\n\n## Council housing fraud\n\nYou\u2019re likely to lose your tenancy and you could lose your right to council housing in the future if you\u2019re caught committing housing fraud.\n\nYou may be fined or sent to prison if the fraud is serious.\n\nHousing fraud includes:\n\n- not telling the truth when applying for a property - for example claiming to have children when you do not\n\n- sub-letting a property without permission\n\n- living in a property after someone has died without the right to do so\n\n## How councils check for housing fraud\n\nCouncils will check:\n\n- a tenant\u2019s housing record against other records - for example Housing Benefit or the Electoral Roll\n\n- that the genuine tenant lives at the property - for example asking to see the tenant\u2019s passport and tenancy agreement\n\nChecks can happen at any time during a tenancy, without any warning.\n\n## Report suspected housing fraud\n\nMost councils have a telephone number for people to report suspicious behaviour. You do not have to give your name or address when reporting suspected fraud.\n\n## Buy your council home\n\nUnder the Right to Buy scheme, you can apply to buy your council home if:\n\n- it\u2019s your only or main home\n\n- it\u2019s self-contained\n\n- you\u2019re a secure tenant\n\n- you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord for 5 years - for example a council, housing association or NHS trust", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Apply for a council home

    ", + "

    You apply for council housing through your local council.

    ", + "

    Each council has its own rules.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to join a waiting list and you\u2019re not guaranteed to get a property. Ask your council how long you\u2019re likely to have to wait.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re 18 or over (some councils let you apply if you\u2019re 16 or over).

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply even if you do not live in the area.

    ", + "

    Waiting lists

    ", + "

    Councils decide who gets offered housing based on a \u2018points\u2019 or \u2018banding\u2019 system.

    ", + "

    Points and bands are based on housing need. For example, you\u2019re likely to be offered housing first if you:

    ", + "
  • are homeless
    • ", + "
  • live in cramped conditions
    • ", + "
  • have a medical condition made worse by your current home
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019re high enough on the list, your council will contact you about an available property.

    ", + "

    Choice-based lettings

    ", + "

    Some councils have a choice-based letting scheme. This lets you tell your council which properties you\u2019re interested in. It depends on the council, but once you\u2019ve been accepted onto the waiting list, the basic steps are:

    ", + "
  • Find a property: check in local papers, on council websites, in council offices or in local libraries.
    • ", + "
  • Check you can apply for it: some properties are only suitable for single people, families or disabled people.
    • ", + "
  • Apply: this is known as \u2018bidding\u2019, but it does not involve money. You can bid online, by phone or by text.
    • ", + "
  • Get the council\u2019s decision.
    • ", + "

    Getting an offer

    ", + "

    Normally you only have a short time to accept a housing offer. If you do not accept it, you can usually stay on the waiting list (or bid for other properties), but you may be put lower down the list.

    ", + "

    You may be taken off the list temporarily if you keep rejecting offers.

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you\u2019re not happy with your council\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Types of tenancy

    ", + "

    Your tenancy agreement is a legal document and tells you all the rules about living in your property.

    ", + "

    Different council tenants have different tenancies. These give you different rights and responsibilities.

    ", + "

    Introductory tenancy

    ", + "

    New council tenants may be offered an introductory tenancy. These usually last 12 months and are like a \u2018trial\u2019 period.

    ", + "

    You automatically become a secure or flexible tenant after 12 months, unless your council has either:

    ", + "
  • started action to evict you
    • ", + "
  • extended your introductory tenancy for a further 6 months
    • ", + "

    There are limits to what you can do with an introductory tenancy, for example you cannot:

    ", + "
  • make major improvements to the property
    • ", + "
  • swap your property with another council tenant
    • ", + "
  • apply to buy your property through the Right to Buy scheme
    • ", + "

    Secure tenancy

    ", + "

    As a secure tenant, you can normally live in the property for the rest of your life, as long as you do not break the conditions of the tenancy.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • rent out rooms - but you cannot sub-let the whole property
    • ", + "
  • buy your property through the Right to Buy scheme
    • ", + "
  • swap your home with another council or housing association tenant - with your council\u2019s permission
    • ", + "
  • transfer your tenancy to someone else in some circumstances
    • ", + "
  • make improvements to your home - you\u2019ll need permission from your council for some types of work
    • ", + "

    Scottish secure tenancy

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have a Scottish secure tenancy if you rent your home from the council, a housing association or housing co-operative in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Flexible tenancy

    ", + "

    As a flexible tenant, you have tenancy for a fixed period. This is usually for at least 5 years, though in some cases it may be between 2 and 5 years.

    ", + "

    At the end of the fixed period the council may decide to:

    ", + "
  • offer you another fixed-term tenancy
    • ", + "
  • offer you a secure tenancy
    • ", + "
  • not renew your tenancy
    • ", + "

    They must explain their reasons if they decide not to renew your tenancy and give you a chance to challenge the decision.

    ", + "

    As a flexible tenant you can:

    ", + "
  • rent out rooms - but you cannot sub-let the whole property
    • ", + "
  • buy your property through the Right to Buy scheme
    • ", + "
  • swap your home with another council or housing association tenant - with your council\u2019s permission
    • ", + "
  • transfer your tenancy to someone else in some circumstances
    • ", + "

    Joint tenancy

    ", + "

    Under a joint tenancy, all the tenants share equal responsibility.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a joint tenancy at any time if you\u2019re married or in a registered civil partnership. You must usually have lived together at the property for at least 12 months if you\u2019re a cohabiting couple or related (like brother and sister).

    ", + "

    Transferring your tenancy

    ", + "

    Secure and flexible tenants may be able to transfer a tenancy to someone else, or, in some circumstances, pass on a tenancy to someone when they die.

    ", + "

    Secure tenancies granted before 1 April 2012 can be transferred or passed on only once. For example, if you take over a tenancy when someone dies, you cannot pass on the tenancy to someone else when you die.

    ", + "

    Some secure and flexible tenancies granted from 1 April 2012 may mean you can transfer or pass on your tenancy more than once - check your tenancy agreement.

    ", + "

    To transfer a tenancy, complete a \u2018request to assign tenancy\u2019 form, available from your local council\u2019s housing department.

    ", + "

    Ending your tenancy

    ", + "

    Your tenancy can only be ended if:

    ", + "
  • you give the council 4 weeks\u2019 notice in writing
    • ", + "
  • the council evicts you
    • ", + "
  • the council needs to move you, for example to redevelop the property - it should offer you a new property and a new tenancy with no less security
    • ", + "

    Secure tenancies can also end if:

    ", + "
  • the council needs to move you, for example to redevelop your property \u2013 it should offer you a new property and a new secure tenancy
    • ", + "
  • you transfer your tenancy to someone else or swap homes
    • ", + "

    Ending joint tenancies

    ", + "

    If only one of you wants to end the tenancy and the other joint tenant(s) wants to stay in the property, your council may:

    ", + "
  • give the remaining tenant(s) a new tenancy at the same property
    • ", + "
  • not give them a new tenancy, for example because the property could be offered to another couple or family
    • ", + "

    If one joint tenant dies, the tenancy continues for the surviving tenant(s).

    ", + "

    If you and your partner divorce or your relationship breaks down and you cannot agree on who gets the tenancy, a court can decide this.

    ", + "

    Repairs and maintenance

    ", + "

    You\u2019re likely to be responsible for things like:

    ", + "
  • fixing a curtain or shower rail
    • ", + "
  • getting keys cut if you lose them
    • ", + "
  • arranging and paying for any damage you or your visitors have caused in your home to be put right
    • ", + "

    Your council is responsible for making sure:

    ", + "
  • the structure of your property is kept in good condition \u2013 this includes the walls, ceiling, roof and windows
    • ", + "
  • gas and electricity appliances work safely
    • ", + "
  • shared parts of a building or housing estate are kept in good condition
    • ", + "

    Your council will have a published policy setting out the timescales in which it will carry out different types of repairs.

    ", + "

    You should get several weeks\u2019 warning of any work needed.

    ", + "

    You can request a repair to your council property to fix an urgent problem.

    ", + "

    Leaving your home

    ", + "

    You may have to leave your home if major works are needed on the building. Your council must find you somewhere to live while work is carried out and pay for the cost of this.

    ", + "

    You may also get money from your council to pay for the cost of moving and the inconvenience it causes.

    ", + "

    If council works damage your property

    ", + "

    The council should repair any damage caused by maintenance or building work. You may be able to get a reduction in your rent if the repairs cause a lot of disruption.

    ", + "

    Your own home improvements

    ", + "

    The kind of improvements you can make to your council property depends on the type of tenancy you have.

    ", + "

    Introductory tenants are usually limited to minor improvements like redecorating inside.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a secure tenant, you have the right to carry out improvements to your property. These include:

    ", + "
  • installing a new bathroom or kitchen
    • ", + "
  • building an extension
    • ", + "
  • putting up a garden shed or greenhouse
    • ", + "
  • installing a new gas fire or fireplace
    • ", + "
  • cavity wall insulation
    • ", + "
  • redecorating the outside of a house
    • ", + "
  • fitting an aerial or satellite dish
    • ", + "

    You might need your council\u2019s written permission for work you do. Contact your council if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Follow these steps if you have a problem with your council housing:

    ", + "
  • Complain to your council - they should have a complaints policy that you can follow.
    • ", + "
  • Make a complaint to a \u2018designated person\u2019 (your MP, a local councillor or a tenant panel) if you cannot resolve the problem with your council.
    • ", + "
  • Contact the Housing Ombudsman if you and your council still cannot resolve the problem.
    • ", + "

    Council housing fraud

    ", + "

    You\u2019re likely to lose your tenancy and you could lose your right to council housing in the future if you\u2019re caught committing housing fraud.

    ", + "

    You may be fined or sent to prison if the fraud is serious.

    ", + "

    Housing fraud includes:

    ", + "
  • not telling the truth when applying for a property - for example claiming to have children when you do not
    • ", + "
  • sub-letting a property without permission
    • ", + "
  • living in a property after someone has died without the right to do so
    • ", + "

    How councils check for housing fraud

    ", + "

    Councils will check:

    ", + "
  • a tenant\u2019s housing record against other records - for example Housing Benefit or the Electoral Roll
    • ", + "
  • that the genuine tenant lives at the property - for example asking to see the tenant\u2019s passport and tenancy agreement
    • ", + "

    Checks can happen at any time during a tenancy, without any warning.

    ", + "

    Report suspected housing fraud

    ", + "

    Most councils have a telephone number for people to report suspicious behaviour. You do not have to give your name or address when reporting suspected fraud.

    ", + "

    Buy your council home

    ", + "

    Under the Right to Buy scheme, you can apply to buy your council home if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s your only or main home
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s self-contained
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a secure tenant
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord for 5 years - for example a council, housing association or NHS trust
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/housing-association-homes": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/housing-association-homes", + "title": "Housing association homes", + "content": "## Apply for a home\n\nHousing associations offer similar types of housing as local councils \u2013 often to people on a low income or who need extra support.\n\nYou can apply:\n\n- directly to a housing association\n\n- often through your local council\n\nYou can apply to more than one housing association at a time.\n\n## Waiting list\n\nOnce you apply, you\u2019ll be put on a waiting list.\n\nHousing associations normally offer housing to people most suited to that particular property. You may have to wait a long time for a suitable property to become available.\n\nHousing associations are also known as Registered Social Landlords or Private Registered Providers of Social Housing.\n\n## Types of tenancy\n\nYour rights and responsibilities depend on the type of tenancy you have.\n\nYour tenancy agreement is a legal document that tells you all the rules about living in your property.\n\n## Starter tenancy\n\nNew housing association tenants may be offered a starter tenancy. These usually last 12 months and are like a \u2018trial\u2019 period.\n\nYou become an assured or fixed term tenant after 12 months, unless your housing association has either:\n\n- started action to evict you\n\n- extended your starter tenancy\n\n## Assured and fixed-term tenancies\n\nAt the end of your starter tenancy you\u2019ll be offered either:\n\n- an assured tenancy - meaning you can normally live in your property for the rest of your life\n\n- a fixed-term tenancy - usually lasting for at least 5 years (your landlord will decide whether it\u2019s renewed)\n\nYou rights may include:\n\n- buying your home\n\n- having your home repaired\n\n- swapping your home with another council or housing association tenant\n\n## Ending your tenancy\n\nYour tenancy can be ended if:\n\n- you give the housing association 4 weeks\u2019 notice in writing\n\n- the housing association evicts you\n\n- you transfer your tenancy to someone else or swap homes\n\n- the housing association needs to move you (eg to redevelop your property) - it should offer you a new property\n\n## Standard of your home\n\nYour landlord has to make sure that your home meets certain standards. It must be:\n\n- safe and free from \u2018category 1 hazards\u2019 - these are things that can cause death or pose a serious danger to your health (eg by causing lung cancer, 80% burn injuries, loss of limbs, poisoning)\n\n- in a reasonable state of repair\n\n- equipped with reasonably modern facilities\n\n- warm enough\n\nIf you have concerns about the standard of your home you can make a complaint.\n\nAs a social housing tenant you can help run a maintenance service.\n\n## Complaints\n\nFollow these steps if you have a problem with your housing association home:\n\n- Complain to your landlord - they should have a complaints policy that you can follow.\n\n- Make a complaint to a \u2018designated person\u2019 (your MP, a local councillor or a tenant panel) if you can\u2019t resolve the problem with your landlord.\n\n- Contact the Housing Ombudsman if you and your landlord still can\u2019t resolve the problem.\n\n## Buying your home\n\nAs a housing association tenant, you might be able to buy your housing association home at a discount.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Apply for a home

    ", + "

    Housing associations offer similar types of housing as local councils \u2013 often to people on a low income or who need extra support.

    ", + "

    You can apply:

    ", + "
  • directly to a housing association
    • ", + "
  • often through your local council
    • ", + "

    You can apply to more than one housing association at a time.

    ", + "

    Waiting list

    ", + "

    Once you apply, you\u2019ll be put on a waiting list.

    ", + "

    Housing associations normally offer housing to people most suited to that particular property. You may have to wait a long time for a suitable property to become available.

    ", + "

    Housing associations are also known as Registered Social Landlords or Private Registered Providers of Social Housing.

    ", + "

    Types of tenancy

    ", + "

    Your rights and responsibilities depend on the type of tenancy you have.

    ", + "

    Your tenancy agreement is a legal document that tells you all the rules about living in your property.

    ", + "

    Starter tenancy

    ", + "

    New housing association tenants may be offered a starter tenancy. These usually last 12 months and are like a \u2018trial\u2019 period.

    ", + "

    You become an assured or fixed term tenant after 12 months, unless your housing association has either:

    ", + "
  • started action to evict you
    • ", + "
  • extended your starter tenancy
    • ", + "

    Assured and fixed-term tenancies

    ", + "

    At the end of your starter tenancy you\u2019ll be offered either:

    ", + "
  • an assured tenancy - meaning you can normally live in your property for the rest of your life
    • ", + "
  • a fixed-term tenancy - usually lasting for at least 5 years (your landlord will decide whether it\u2019s renewed)
    • ", + "

    You rights may include:

    ", + "
  • buying your home
    • ", + "
  • having your home repaired
    • ", + "
  • swapping your home with another council or housing association tenant
    • ", + "

    Ending your tenancy

    ", + "

    Your tenancy can be ended if:

    ", + "
  • you give the housing association 4 weeks\u2019 notice in writing
    • ", + "
  • the housing association evicts you
    • ", + "
  • you transfer your tenancy to someone else or swap homes
    • ", + "
  • the housing association needs to move you (eg to redevelop your property) - it should offer you a new property
    • ", + "

    Standard of your home

    ", + "

    Your landlord has to make sure that your home meets certain standards. It must be:

    ", + "
  • safe and free from \u2018category 1 hazards\u2019 - these are things that can cause death or pose a serious danger to your health (eg by causing lung cancer, 80% burn injuries, loss of limbs, poisoning)
    • ", + "
  • in a reasonable state of repair
    • ", + "
  • equipped with reasonably modern facilities
    • ", + "
  • warm enough
    • ", + "

    If you have concerns about the standard of your home you can make a complaint.

    ", + "

    As a social housing tenant you can help run a maintenance service.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Follow these steps if you have a problem with your housing association home:

    ", + "
  • Complain to your landlord - they should have a complaints policy that you can follow.
    • ", + "
  • Make a complaint to a \u2018designated person\u2019 (your MP, a local councillor or a tenant panel) if you can\u2019t resolve the problem with your landlord.
    • ", + "
  • Contact the Housing Ombudsman if you and your landlord still can\u2019t resolve the problem.
    • ", + "

    Buying your home

    ", + "

    As a housing association tenant, you might be able to buy your housing association home at a discount.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-acquire-buying-housing-association-home": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-acquire-buying-housing-association-home", + "title": "Right to Acquire: buying your housing association home", + "content": "## Overview\n\nRight to Acquire allows most housing association tenants to buy their home at a discount. You apply using the Right to Acquire application form.\n\nYou can apply to buy your housing association home if you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord for 3 years. These landlords include:\n\n- housing associations\n\n- councils\n\n- the armed services\n\n- NHS trusts and foundation trusts\n\n## Eligible properties\n\nYour property must either have been:\n\n- built or bought by a housing association after 31 March 1997 (and funded through a social housing grant provided by the Housing Corporation or local council)\n\n- transferred from a local council to a housing association after 31 March 1997\n\nYour landlord must be registered with the Regulator of Social Housing.\n\nThe home you want to buy must also be:\n\n- a self-contained property\n\n- your only or main home\n\n## Joint applications\n\nYou can make a joint application with:\n\n- someone who shares your tenancy\n\n- up to 3 family members who\u2019ve lived with you for the past 12 months (even if they don\u2019t share your tenancy)\n\n## Who doesn\u2019t qualify\n\nYou can\u2019t use Right to Acquire if:\n\n- you\u2019re being made bankrupt\n\n- a court has ordered you to leave your home\n\n- you\u2019re a council tenant \u2013 you may be able to use Right to Buy instead\n\n- you have \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019\n\n## Discounts\n\nYou can get a discount of between \u00a39,000 and \u00a316,000 on the price of your property.\n\nThe amount of discount you\u2019ll get depends on where you live in the UK.\n\nYour landlord will tell you what discount you\u2019ll get when you apply to buy your home. You can also download a table of discounts, broken down by location.\n\nYour discount might be reduced if you\u2019ve used Right to Acquire or Right to Buy in the past.\n\n## Applying\n\n- Fill in the Right to Acquire application form\n\n- Send it to your landlord.\n\n- Your landlord must say yes or no within 4 weeks of getting your application (8 weeks if they\u2019ve been your landlord for less than 3 years). If your landlord says no, they must say why. You can\u2019t appeal against the landlord\u2019s decision.\n\n- If your landlord agrees to sell, they\u2019ll send you an offer. They must do this within 8 weeks of saying yes if you\u2019re buying a freehold property, or 12 weeks if you\u2019re buying a leasehold property.\n\nYour landlord might offer you the choice of buying your home, or another empty one that they own. You don\u2019t have to accept the other property and your landlord doesn\u2019t have to offer you one.\n\n## Your landlord\u2019s offer\n\nIf your landlord agrees to sell, their offer will tell you:\n\n- the price they think you should pay for the property and how it was worked out\n\n- your discount and how it was worked out\n\n- a description of the property and any land included in the price\n\n- estimates of any service charge (for a flat or maisonette) for the first 5 years\n\n- any known problems with the property\u2019s structure, eg subsidence\n\n## Deciding to buy\n\nOnce you get your landlord\u2019s offer, you have 12 weeks to tell them that you still want to buy.\n\nIf you don\u2019t reply, the landlord will send you a reminder (called an \u2018RTA4\u2019). You\u2019ll have a reasonable time (at least 28 days) to reply. If you don\u2019t, your landlord will send a final reminder (called an \u2018RTA5\u2019). If you don\u2019t reply to that, your landlord can drop your application.\n\nYou can pull out of the sale and continue to rent at any time.\n\n## If you disagree with the landlord\u2019s offer\n\nContact your landlord and tell them why.\n\nIf you think your landlord has set your home\u2019s market value too high, you must write to them within 3 months of getting the offer and ask for an independent valuation.\n\nA district valuer from HM Revenue & Customs will visit your home and decide how much it\u2019s worth. You have 12 weeks to accept their valuation or pull out of the sale.\n\n## Selling your home\n\nIf you sell your home within 10 years of buying it through Right to Acquire, you must first offer it to your old landlord.\n\nThe property should be sold at the full market price agreed between you and the landlord.\n\nIf you can\u2019t agree, a district valuer will say how much your home is worth and set the price. You won\u2019t have to pay for their valuation.\n\nIf the landlord doesn\u2019t agree to buy your home within 8 weeks, you can sell it to anyone.\n\n## Paying back your discount\n\nIf you sell your home within 5 years of buying it, you\u2019ll have to pay back some or all of the discount you got.\n\nIf you sell within the first year, you\u2019ll have to pay back all of the discount. On top of this, the amount you pay back depends on the value of your home when you sell it. So, if you got a 10% discount, you\u2019ll have to pay back 10% of the selling price.\n\nIf you sell after the first year, the total amount you pay back reduces. You pay back:\n\n- 80% of the discount in the second year\n\n- 60% of the discount in the third year\n\n- 40% of the discount in the fourth year\n\n- 20% of the discount in the fifth year\n\n## Help and advice\n\nThe Money Advice Service offers free, impartial advice about money, including buying a home and taking out a mortgage.\n\nYou can also get advice on Right to Acquire from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Shelter\n\n- your local Law Centre", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Right to Acquire allows most housing association tenants to buy their home at a discount. You apply using the Right to Acquire application form.

    ", + "

    You can apply to buy your housing association home if you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord for 3 years. These landlords include:

    ", + "
  • housing associations
    • ", + "
  • councils
    • ", + "
  • the armed services
    • ", + "
  • NHS trusts and foundation trusts
    • ", + "

    Eligible properties

    ", + "

    Your property must either have been:

    ", + "
  • built or bought by a housing association after 31 March 1997 (and funded through a social housing grant provided by the Housing Corporation or local council)
    • ", + "
  • transferred from a local council to a housing association after 31 March 1997
    • ", + "

    Your landlord must be registered with the Regulator of Social Housing.

    ", + "

    The home you want to buy must also be:

    ", + "
  • a self-contained property
    • ", + "
  • your only or main home
    • ", + "

    Joint applications

    ", + "

    You can make a joint application with:

    ", + "
  • someone who shares your tenancy
    • ", + "
  • up to 3 family members who\u2019ve lived with you for the past 12 months (even if they don\u2019t share your tenancy)
    • ", + "

    Who doesn\u2019t qualify

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use Right to Acquire if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re being made bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • a court has ordered you to leave your home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a council tenant \u2013 you may be able to use Right to Buy instead
    • ", + "
  • you have \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019
    • ", + "

    Discounts

    ", + "

    You can get a discount of between \u00a39,000 and \u00a316,000 on the price of your property.

    ", + "

    The amount of discount you\u2019ll get depends on where you live in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your landlord will tell you what discount you\u2019ll get when you apply to buy your home. You can also download a table of discounts, broken down by location.

    ", + "

    Your discount might be reduced if you\u2019ve used Right to Acquire or Right to Buy in the past.

    ", + "

    Applying

    ", + "
  • Fill in the Right to Acquire application form
    • ", + "
  • Send it to your landlord.
    • ", + "
  • Your landlord must say yes or no within 4 weeks of getting your application (8 weeks if they\u2019ve been your landlord for less than 3 years). If your landlord says no, they must say why. You can\u2019t appeal against the landlord\u2019s decision.
    • ", + "
  • If your landlord agrees to sell, they\u2019ll send you an offer. They must do this within 8 weeks of saying yes if you\u2019re buying a freehold property, or 12 weeks if you\u2019re buying a leasehold property.
    • ", + "

    Your landlord might offer you the choice of buying your home, or another empty one that they own. You don\u2019t have to accept the other property and your landlord doesn\u2019t have to offer you one.

    ", + "

    Your landlord\u2019s offer

    ", + "

    If your landlord agrees to sell, their offer will tell you:

    ", + "
  • the price they think you should pay for the property and how it was worked out
    • ", + "
  • your discount and how it was worked out
    • ", + "
  • a description of the property and any land included in the price
    • ", + "
  • estimates of any service charge (for a flat or maisonette) for the first 5 years
    • ", + "
  • any known problems with the property\u2019s structure, eg subsidence
    • ", + "

    Deciding to buy

    ", + "

    Once you get your landlord\u2019s offer, you have 12 weeks to tell them that you still want to buy.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t reply, the landlord will send you a reminder (called an \u2018RTA4\u2019). You\u2019ll have a reasonable time (at least 28 days) to reply. If you don\u2019t, your landlord will send a final reminder (called an \u2018RTA5\u2019). If you don\u2019t reply to that, your landlord can drop your application.

    ", + "

    You can pull out of the sale and continue to rent at any time.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the landlord\u2019s offer

    ", + "

    Contact your landlord and tell them why.

    ", + "

    If you think your landlord has set your home\u2019s market value too high, you must write to them within 3 months of getting the offer and ask for an independent valuation.

    ", + "

    A district valuer from HM Revenue & Customs will visit your home and decide how much it\u2019s worth. You have 12 weeks to accept their valuation or pull out of the sale.

    ", + "

    Selling your home

    ", + "

    If you sell your home within 10 years of buying it through Right to Acquire, you must first offer it to your old landlord.

    ", + "

    The property should be sold at the full market price agreed between you and the landlord.

    ", + "

    If you can\u2019t agree, a district valuer will say how much your home is worth and set the price. You won\u2019t have to pay for their valuation.

    ", + "

    If the landlord doesn\u2019t agree to buy your home within 8 weeks, you can sell it to anyone.

    ", + "

    Paying back your discount

    ", + "

    If you sell your home within 5 years of buying it, you\u2019ll have to pay back some or all of the discount you got.

    ", + "

    If you sell within the first year, you\u2019ll have to pay back all of the discount. On top of this, the amount you pay back depends on the value of your home when you sell it. So, if you got a 10% discount, you\u2019ll have to pay back 10% of the selling price.

    ", + "

    If you sell after the first year, the total amount you pay back reduces. You pay back:

    ", + "
  • 80% of the discount in the second year
    • ", + "
  • 60% of the discount in the third year
    • ", + "
  • 40% of the discount in the fourth year
    • ", + "
  • 20% of the discount in the fifth year
    • ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    The Money Advice Service offers free, impartial advice about money, including buying a home and taking out a mortgage.

    ", + "

    You can also get advice on Right to Acquire from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • ", + "
  • your local Law Centre
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-buy-buying-your-council-home": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-buy-buying-your-council-home", + "title": "Right to Buy: buying your council home", + "content": "## Overview\n\nRight to Buy allows most council tenants to buy their council home at a discount. Use the eligibility checker on the Own Your Home website to find out if you can apply.\n\nThere are different rules for Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nYou can apply to buy your council home if:\n\n- it\u2019s your only or main home\n\n- it\u2019s self-contained\n\n- you\u2019re a secure tenant\n\n- you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord (for example, a council, housing association or NHS trust) for 3 years - it does not have to be 3 years in a row\n\n## Joint applications\n\nYou can make a joint application with:\n\n- someone who shares your tenancy\n\n- up to 3 family members who\u2019ve lived with you for the past 12 months (even if they do not share your tenancy)\n\n## Ex-council homes\n\nIf your home used to be owned by the council, but they sold it to another landlord (like a housing association) while you were living in it, you may have the Right to Buy. This is called \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019.\n\nAsk your landlord if this applies to you.\n\n## Other ways to buy your home\n\nIf you were not living in your home when it was sold by the council you may still be able to buy it through the Voluntary Right to Buy pilot.\n\n## Discounts\n\nYou can get a discount on the market value of your home when you buy it if you qualify for Right to Buy.\n\nThe maximum discount is \u00a384,600 across England, except in London boroughs where it is \u00a3112,800. It will increase each year in April in line with the consumer price index (CPI).\n\nThe discount is based on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been a tenant with a public sector landlord\n\n- the type of property you\u2019re buying - a flat or house\n\n- the value of your home\n\nIf you\u2019re buying with someone else, you count the years of whoever\u2019s been a public sector tenant the longest.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to repay some or all your discount if you sell your home within 5 years.\n\nYou might get a smaller discount if you\u2019ve used Right to Buy in the past.\n\n## Working out the discount\n\nUse the Right to Buy calculator to find out how much discount you could get.\n\nThere are different discount levels for houses and flats.\n\n## Houses\n\nYou get a 35% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.\n\nAfter 5 years, the discount goes up 1% for every extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).\n\n## Flats\n\nYou get a 50% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.\n\nAfter 5 years, the discount goes up by 2% for each extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).\n\n## If your landlord has spent money on your home\n\nYour discount will be less if your landlord has spent money building or maintaining your home:\n\n- in the last 10 years - if your landlord built or acquired your home before 2 April 2012\n\n- in the last 15 years - if you\u2019re buying your home through Preserved Right to Buy, or if your landlord acquired your home after 2 April 2012\n\nYou will not get any discount if your landlord has spent more money than your home is now worth.\n\n## Applying\n\n- Fill in the Right to Buy application form (RTB1 notice).\n\n- Send it to your landlord.\n\n- Your landlord must say yes or no within 4 weeks of getting your application (8 weeks if they\u2019ve been your landlord for less than 3 years). If your landlord says no, they must say why.\n\n- If your landlord agrees to sell, they\u2019ll send you an offer. They must do this within 8 weeks of saying yes if you\u2019re buying a freehold property, or 12 weeks if you\u2019re buying a leasehold property.\n\n## Your landlord's offer\n\nIf your landlord agrees to sell, their offer will tell you:\n\n- the price they think you should pay for the property and how it was worked out\n\n- your discount and how it was worked out\n\n- a description of the property and any land included in the price\n\n- estimates of any service charges (for a flat or maisonette) for the first 5 years\n\n- any known problems with the property\u2019s structure, for example, subsidence\n\n## Deciding to buy\n\nYou have 12 weeks after you get your landlord\u2019s offer to tell them you still want to buy.\n\nThe landlord will send you a reminder if you do not reply to the offer. You have 28 days to reply to the reminder, or the landlord could drop your application.\n\nYou can pull out of the sale and continue to rent at any time.\n\n## If you disagree with the landlord\u2019s offer\n\nContact your landlord and tell them why.\n\nIf you think your landlord has set your home\u2019s market value too high, you must write to them within 3 months of getting the offer and ask them for an independent valuation.\n\nA district valuer from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will then visit your home and decide how much it\u2019s worth. You have 12 weeks to accept their valuation or pull out of the sale.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to a tribunal if you\u2019re stopped from buying your home because it\u2019s suitable for housing elderly people.\n\nYou must appeal within 56 days of the council turning down your application.\n\n## Delays\n\nYour landlord must complete parts of your Right to Buy application within set time limits.\n\nYou could get a reduction in the sale price if they do not.\n\n## Applying for a reduction because of a delay\n\nFill in the \u2018Initial notice of delay\u2019 form (RTB6) and send it to your landlord.\n\nYour landlord must then either move the sale along within 1 month or send you a \u2018counter notice\u2019. The counter notice will say that they\u2019ve already replied or explain why they cannot speed things up.\n\nIf your landlord does not reply within a month of getting the RTB6, fill in the \u2018Operative notice of delay\u2019 form (RTB8). This means that any rent you pay while you\u2019re waiting to hear from your landlord could be taken off the sale price.\n\nYou can do this each time your landlord is late getting back to you.\n\n## Selling your home\n\nIf you sell your home within 10 years of buying it through Right to Buy, you must first offer it to either:\n\n- your old landlord\n\n- another social landlord in the area\n\nThe property should be sold at the full market price agreed between you and the landlord.\n\nIf you cannot agree, a district valuer will say how much your home is worth and set the price. You will not have to pay for their valuation.\n\nYou can sell your home to anyone if the landlord does not agree to buy it within 8 weeks.\n\n## Paying back your discount\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay back some or all of the discount you got if you sell your Right to Buy home within 5 years of buying it.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay back all of the discount if you sell within the first year. After that, the total amount you pay back reduces to:\n\n- 80% of the discount in the second year\n\n- 60% of the discount in the third year\n\n- 40% of the discount in the fourth year\n\n- 20% of the discount in the fifth year\n\nThe amount you pay back depends on the value of your home when you sell it.\n\nYou may not have to pay back the discount if you transfer ownership of your home to a member of your family. You\u2019ll need to agree this first with your landlord and then get a solicitor to do this for you.\n\n## Rural homes\n\nYour former landlord may limit who you can sell your home to if your home is in:\n\n- a national park\n\n- an area of outstanding natural beauty\n\n- an area the government says is rural for Right to Buy\n\nFor example, you may have to sell your home to someone who\u2019s lived or worked in the area for more than 3 years. This may mean you have difficulty getting a mortgage to buy your home.\n\nYour landlord will tell you if this could apply to your home when you apply for Right to Buy.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nYou can get free advice about:\n\n- how to complete your Right to Buy application\n\n- whether the scheme is right for you\n\n- how much it will cost you\n\n- your eligibility\n\nAsk your landlord about Right to Buy. They may also be able to help you complete the application form.\n\n## Right to Buy Agent service\n\nThe Right to Buy Agent service offers free advice on things like:\n\n- the Right to Buy process\n\n- eligibility\n\n- filling out your application form\n\n- where you can get financial and legal advice\n\n- what to do if your application is delayed\n\n## Money Advice Service\n\nThe Money Advice Service offers free, impartial advice about money, including buying a home and taking out a mortgage.\n\n## Other help\n\nRead the Right to Buy summary booklet and the Right to Buy guidance.\n\nYou can also get advice on Right to Buy from:\n\n- the Own Your Home website\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Shelter\n\n- your local Law Centre", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Right to Buy allows most council tenants to buy their council home at a discount. Use the eligibility checker on the Own Your Home website to find out if you can apply.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You can apply to buy your council home if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s your only or main home
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s self-contained
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a secure tenant
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord (for example, a council, housing association or NHS trust) for 3 years - it does not have to be 3 years in a row
    • ", + "

    Joint applications

    ", + "

    You can make a joint application with:

    ", + "
  • someone who shares your tenancy
    • ", + "
  • up to 3 family members who\u2019ve lived with you for the past 12 months (even if they do not share your tenancy)
    • ", + "

    Ex-council homes

    ", + "

    If your home used to be owned by the council, but they sold it to another landlord (like a housing association) while you were living in it, you may have the Right to Buy. This is called \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019.

    ", + "

    Ask your landlord if this applies to you.

    ", + "

    Other ways to buy your home

    ", + "

    If you were not living in your home when it was sold by the council you may still be able to buy it through the Voluntary Right to Buy pilot.

    ", + "

    Discounts

    ", + "

    You can get a discount on the market value of your home when you buy it if you qualify for Right to Buy.

    ", + "

    The maximum discount is \u00a384,600 across England, except in London boroughs where it is \u00a3112,800. It will increase each year in April in line with the consumer price index (CPI).

    ", + "

    The discount is based on:

    ", + "
  • how long you\u2019ve been a tenant with a public sector landlord
    • ", + "
  • the type of property you\u2019re buying - a flat or house
    • ", + "
  • the value of your home
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying with someone else, you count the years of whoever\u2019s been a public sector tenant the longest.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to repay some or all your discount if you sell your home within 5 years.

    ", + "

    You might get a smaller discount if you\u2019ve used Right to Buy in the past.

    ", + "

    Working out the discount

    ", + "

    Use the Right to Buy calculator to find out how much discount you could get.

    ", + "

    There are different discount levels for houses and flats.

    ", + "

    Houses

    ", + "

    You get a 35% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, the discount goes up 1% for every extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).

    ", + "

    Flats

    ", + "

    You get a 50% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, the discount goes up by 2% for each extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).

    ", + "

    If your landlord has spent money on your home

    ", + "

    Your discount will be less if your landlord has spent money building or maintaining your home:

    ", + "
  • in the last 10 years - if your landlord built or acquired your home before 2 April 2012
    • ", + "
  • in the last 15 years - if you\u2019re buying your home through Preserved Right to Buy, or if your landlord acquired your home after 2 April 2012
    • ", + "

    You will not get any discount if your landlord has spent more money than your home is now worth.

    ", + "

    Applying

    ", + "
  • Fill in the Right to Buy application form (RTB1 notice).
    • ", + "
  • Send it to your landlord.
    • ", + "
  • Your landlord must say yes or no within 4 weeks of getting your application (8 weeks if they\u2019ve been your landlord for less than 3 years). If your landlord says no, they must say why.
    • ", + "
  • If your landlord agrees to sell, they\u2019ll send you an offer. They must do this within 8 weeks of saying yes if you\u2019re buying a freehold property, or 12 weeks if you\u2019re buying a leasehold property.
    • ", + "

    Your landlord's offer

    ", + "

    If your landlord agrees to sell, their offer will tell you:

    ", + "
  • the price they think you should pay for the property and how it was worked out
    • ", + "
  • your discount and how it was worked out
    • ", + "
  • a description of the property and any land included in the price
    • ", + "
  • estimates of any service charges (for a flat or maisonette) for the first 5 years
    • ", + "
  • any known problems with the property\u2019s structure, for example, subsidence
    • ", + "

    Deciding to buy

    ", + "

    You have 12 weeks after you get your landlord\u2019s offer to tell them you still want to buy.

    ", + "

    The landlord will send you a reminder if you do not reply to the offer. You have 28 days to reply to the reminder, or the landlord could drop your application.

    ", + "

    You can pull out of the sale and continue to rent at any time.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the landlord\u2019s offer

    ", + "

    Contact your landlord and tell them why.

    ", + "

    If you think your landlord has set your home\u2019s market value too high, you must write to them within 3 months of getting the offer and ask them for an independent valuation.

    ", + "

    A district valuer from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will then visit your home and decide how much it\u2019s worth. You have 12 weeks to accept their valuation or pull out of the sale.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can appeal to a tribunal if you\u2019re stopped from buying your home because it\u2019s suitable for housing elderly people.

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 56 days of the council turning down your application.

    ", + "

    Delays

    ", + "

    Your landlord must complete parts of your Right to Buy application within set time limits.

    ", + "

    You could get a reduction in the sale price if they do not.

    ", + "

    Applying for a reduction because of a delay

    ", + "

    Fill in the \u2018Initial notice of delay\u2019 form (RTB6) and send it to your landlord.

    ", + "

    Your landlord must then either move the sale along within 1 month or send you a \u2018counter notice\u2019. The counter notice will say that they\u2019ve already replied or explain why they cannot speed things up.

    ", + "

    If your landlord does not reply within a month of getting the RTB6, fill in the \u2018Operative notice of delay\u2019 form (RTB8). This means that any rent you pay while you\u2019re waiting to hear from your landlord could be taken off the sale price.

    ", + "

    You can do this each time your landlord is late getting back to you.

    ", + "

    Selling your home

    ", + "

    If you sell your home within 10 years of buying it through Right to Buy, you must first offer it to either:

    ", + "
  • your old landlord
    • ", + "
  • another social landlord in the area
    • ", + "

    The property should be sold at the full market price agreed between you and the landlord.

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree, a district valuer will say how much your home is worth and set the price. You will not have to pay for their valuation.

    ", + "

    You can sell your home to anyone if the landlord does not agree to buy it within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    Paying back your discount

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay back some or all of the discount you got if you sell your Right to Buy home within 5 years of buying it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay back all of the discount if you sell within the first year. After that, the total amount you pay back reduces to:

    ", + "
  • 80% of the discount in the second year
    • ", + "
  • 60% of the discount in the third year
    • ", + "
  • 40% of the discount in the fourth year
    • ", + "
  • 20% of the discount in the fifth year
    • ", + "

    The amount you pay back depends on the value of your home when you sell it.

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay back the discount if you transfer ownership of your home to a member of your family. You\u2019ll need to agree this first with your landlord and then get a solicitor to do this for you.

    ", + "

    Rural homes

    ", + "

    Your former landlord may limit who you can sell your home to if your home is in:

    ", + "
  • a national park
    • ", + "
  • an area of outstanding natural beauty
    • ", + "
  • an area the government says is rural for Right to Buy
    • ", + "

    For example, you may have to sell your home to someone who\u2019s lived or worked in the area for more than 3 years. This may mean you have difficulty getting a mortgage to buy your home.

    ", + "

    Your landlord will tell you if this could apply to your home when you apply for Right to Buy.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    You can get free advice about:

    ", + "
  • how to complete your Right to Buy application
    • ", + "
  • whether the scheme is right for you
    • ", + "
  • how much it will cost you
    • ", + "
  • your eligibility
    • ", + "

    Ask your landlord about Right to Buy. They may also be able to help you complete the application form.

    ", + "

    Right to Buy Agent service

    ", + "

    The Right to Buy Agent service offers free advice on things like:

    ", + "
  • the Right to Buy process
    • ", + "
  • eligibility
    • ", + "
  • filling out your application form
    • ", + "
  • where you can get financial and legal advice
    • ", + "
  • what to do if your application is delayed
    • ", + "

    Money Advice Service

    ", + "

    The Money Advice Service offers free, impartial advice about money, including buying a home and taking out a mortgage.

    ", + "

    Other help

    ", + "

    Read the Right to Buy summary booklet and the Right to Buy guidance.

    ", + "

    You can also get advice on Right to Buy from:

    ", + "
  • the Own Your Home website
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • ", + "
  • your local Law Centre
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-about-tree-order": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-about-tree-order", + "title": "Appeal a decision about a tree preservation order", + "content": "## When you can appeal\n\nYour council makes decisions about work on trees protected by preservation orders.\n\nYou can appeal if you applied to cut down or carry out work on a protected tree and:\n\n- you disagree with the decision\n\n- a decision was not made within 8 weeks\n\nYou can also appeal if you disagree with a tree replacement notice you\u2019ve been given.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal:\n\n- within 28 days of the date on the council\u2019s decision notice\n\n- before the date the tree replacement notice comes into effect\n\nThere\u2019s no deadline if you\u2019re appealing because your application was not decided within 8 weeks.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nOnce your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 27 weeks.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nFill in a tree preservation order appeal form or a tree replacement notice appeal form.\n\nYou also need:\n\n- a copy of the council\u2019s decision or notice\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal\n\nEmail these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nTheir decision about your appeal will be based on:\n\n- the information you send\n\n- a site visit\n\n- your council\u2019s documents, for example the tree preservation order\n\nYour case officer will write to you if they need more information.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get a decision within 27 weeks.\n\n## Interested parties\n\nThe council may decide to contact anyone who commented on your original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019). Your case officer will consider the statements any interested parties made.\n\nInterested parties cannot make any further comments during the appeal but can withdraw their original statement.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. However, you might have to pay another party\u2019s costs too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your council makes decisions about work on trees protected by preservation orders.

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you applied to cut down or carry out work on a protected tree and:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with the decision
    • ", + "
  • a decision was not made within 8 weeks
    • ", + "

    You can also appeal if you disagree with a tree replacement notice you\u2019ve been given.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    You must appeal:

    ", + "
  • within 28 days of the date on the council\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "
  • before the date the tree replacement notice comes into effect
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no deadline if you\u2019re appealing because your application was not decided within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    Once your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 27 weeks.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Fill in a tree preservation order appeal form or a tree replacement notice appeal form.

    ", + "

    You also need:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the council\u2019s decision or notice
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal
    • ", + "

    Email these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    Their decision about your appeal will be based on:

    ", + "
  • the information you send
    • ", + "
  • a site visit
    • ", + "
  • your council\u2019s documents, for example the tree preservation order
    • ", + "

    Your case officer will write to you if they need more information.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally get a decision within 27 weeks.

    ", + "

    Interested parties

    ", + "

    The council may decide to contact anyone who commented on your original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019). Your case officer will consider the statements any interested parties made.

    ", + "

    Interested parties cannot make any further comments during the appeal but can withdraw their original statement.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. However, you might have to pay another party\u2019s costs too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-consent-display-advertisement": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-consent-display-advertisement", + "title": "Appeal a decision about consent to display an advertisement", + "content": "## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority makes decisions about displaying an advertisement or sign on your house or building.\n\nYou can appeal against a decision about consent to display an advertisement if you disagree with it.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\nOnly the person who made the application can appeal.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nIf you disagree with a decision, you must appeal within 8 weeks of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been sent a discontinuation notice, you\u2019ll need to appeal before the date given on the notice.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.\n\nCheck how long appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice\n\n- all plans, drawings and documents you sent to the local planning authority\n\n- any letters or emails between you and the local planning authority\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds of appeal.\n\nYou can upload these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nNo-one can comment on a planning appeal about displaying an advertisement or sign.\n\nYour local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. They have to do this within 2 weeks of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority makes decisions about displaying an advertisement or sign on your house or building.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against a decision about consent to display an advertisement if you disagree with it.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision, you must appeal within 8 weeks of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been sent a discontinuation notice, you\u2019ll need to appeal before the date given on the notice.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.

    ", + "

    Check how long appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.

    ", + "

    You also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "
  • all plans, drawings and documents you sent to the local planning authority
    • ", + "
  • any letters or emails between you and the local planning authority
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds of appeal.

    ", + "

    You can upload these documents when you appeal.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    No-one can comment on a planning appeal about displaying an advertisement or sign.

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. They have to do this within 2 weeks of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-high-hedges-decision": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-high-hedges-decision", + "title": "Appeal a high hedges decision", + "content": "## When you can appeal\n\nYour council makes decisions about high hedges.\n\nYou can appeal against a high hedge remedial notice or the council\u2019s decision not to issue one if you either:\n\n- complained to the council about the hedge\n\n- own, rent or occupy the land that the hedge is on\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 28 days of:\n\n- the remedial notice\n\n- your council\u2019s decision either to take no action, or to change an existing remedial notice (withdraw, waive or relax)\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nOnce your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 34 weeks.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nFill in a high hedges appeal form.\n\nYou also need:\n\n- a copy of the council\u2019s decision\n\n- the remedial notice (if the council have issued one)\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal\n\nEmail these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nYour appeal will be decided based on the information you send and a site visit. Your case officer will write to you if they require additional information.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get a decision within 34 weeks.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your council makes decisions about high hedges.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against a high hedge remedial notice or the council\u2019s decision not to issue one if you either:

    ", + "
  • complained to the council about the hedge
    • ", + "
  • own, rent or occupy the land that the hedge is on
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 28 days of:

    ", + "
  • the remedial notice
    • ", + "
  • your council\u2019s decision either to take no action, or to change an existing remedial notice (withdraw, waive or relax)
    • ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    Once your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 34 weeks.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Fill in a high hedges appeal form.

    ", + "

    You also need:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the council\u2019s decision
    • ", + "
  • the remedial notice (if the council have issued one)
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal
    • ", + "

    Email these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    Your appeal will be decided based on the information you send and a site visit. Your case officer will write to you if they require additional information.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally get a decision within 34 weeks.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-householder-planning-decision": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-householder-planning-decision", + "title": "Appeal a householder planning decision", + "content": "## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority makes decisions about householder planning applications.\n\nYou can appeal a householder planning decision if you disagree with it.\n\nHouseholder planning applications cover small projects like extensions and loft conversions. There\u2019s a different process to appeal a full planning decision.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\nOnly the person who made the application can appeal.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nIf you disagree with a decision, you must appeal within 12 weeks of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.\n\nThe deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice. You must appeal within 28 days of the notice.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.\n\nCheck how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- the site ownership certificate\n\n- the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal.\n\nYou can upload these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nNo-one can comment on a householder planning appeal.\n\nYour local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal.\n\nThey have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority makes decisions about householder planning applications.

    ", + "

    You can appeal a householder planning decision if you disagree with it.

    ", + "

    Householder planning applications cover small projects like extensions and loft conversions. There\u2019s a different process to appeal a full planning decision.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision, you must appeal within 12 weeks of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.

    ", + "

    The deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice. You must appeal within 28 days of the notice.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.

    ", + "

    Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.

    ", + "

    You also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • the site ownership certificate
    • ", + "
  • the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal.

    ", + "

    You can upload these documents when you appeal.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    No-one can comment on a householder planning appeal.

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal.

    ", + "

    They have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-listed-building-consent-decision": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-listed-building-consent-decision", + "title": "Appeal a listed building consent decision", + "content": "## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority makes decisions about listed building consent applications. You can appeal a decision if either:\n\n- you disagree with it\n\n- the decision was not made within 8 weeks (13 weeks for a major development, for example 10 or more dwellings or a building of more than 1,000 square metres)\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\nOnly the person who made the application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 6 months of either:\n\n- the date of the decision\n\n- when the decision was due, if you did not get one within 8 weeks (13 weeks for a major development)\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.\n\nCheck how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal and your supporting documents to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must submit:\n\n- a copy of your listed building consent application form and all documents you sent with your application\n\n- a copy of the site ownership certificate\n\n- site plans\n\n- any correspondence with your local planning authority\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example boundary maps\n\nYou can upload these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on a listed building consent appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal. The deadline for comments is 5 weeks after the start date of the appeal.\n\nYour local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. They have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority makes decisions about listed building consent applications. You can appeal a decision if either:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with it
    • ", + "
  • the decision was not made within 8 weeks (13 weeks for a major development, for example 10 or more dwellings or a building of more than 1,000 square metres)
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 6 months of either:

    ", + "
  • the date of the decision
    • ", + "
  • when the decision was due, if you did not get one within 8 weeks (13 weeks for a major development)
    • ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.

    ", + "

    Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.

    ", + "

    You also need to send a copy of your appeal and your supporting documents to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must submit:

    ", + "
  • a copy of your listed building consent application form and all documents you sent with your application
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the site ownership certificate
    • ", + "
  • site plans
    • ", + "
  • any correspondence with your local planning authority
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example boundary maps
    • ", + "

    You can upload these documents when you appeal.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on a listed building consent appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal. The deadline for comments is 5 weeks after the start date of the appeal.

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. They have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-minor-commercial-development-decision": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-minor-commercial-development-decision", + "title": "Appeal a minor commercial development decision", + "content": "## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority makes decisions on applications about minor commercial developments, for example ground floor alterations like shop fronts and security shutters.\n\nYou can appeal a minor commercial development decision if you disagree with it.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\nOnly the person who made the application can appeal.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 12 weeks of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.\n\nThe deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice - you must appeal within 28 days of the notice.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- the site ownership certificate\n\n- the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit:\n\n- a map of the surrounding area\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal\n\nYou can upload these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nNo-one can comment on a minor commercial development decision appeal.\n\nYour local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal.\n\nThey have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority makes decisions on applications about minor commercial developments, for example ground floor alterations like shop fronts and security shutters.

    ", + "

    You can appeal a minor commercial development decision if you disagree with it.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 12 weeks of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.

    ", + "

    The deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice - you must appeal within 28 days of the notice.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.

    ", + "

    You also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • the site ownership certificate
    • ", + "
  • the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit:

    ", + "
  • a map of the surrounding area
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal
    • ", + "

    You can upload these documents when you appeal.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    No-one can comment on a minor commercial development decision appeal.

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal.

    ", + "

    They have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-planning-decision": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-planning-decision", + "title": "Appeal a planning decision", + "content": "## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority makes decisions on planning applications.\n\nYou can appeal a planning decision if either:\n\n- you disagree with it\n\n- the decision was not made within 8 weeks (13 weeks for a major development, such as 10 or more dwellings or a building of more than 1,000 square metres)\n\nThere\u2019s a different process to appeal a householder planning decision for a smaller project like an extension, conservatory or loft conversion.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\nOnly the person who made the application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nIf you disagree with a decision, you must appeal within 6 months of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.\n\nIf they did not make a decision within 8 weeks, you can appeal up to 6 months after the decision was due.\n\nThe deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice - you must appeal within 28 days of the notice.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.\n\nCheck how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\nYou need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- the site ownership certificate\n\n- the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice - if they did not make a decision, submit a copy of the letter acknowledging your application\n\n- all plans, drawings and documents you sent to the local planning authority\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit:\n\n- a map of the surrounding area\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your full statement of case\n\nYou can upload these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on a planning appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal.\n\nThe deadline for comments is 5 weeks after the start date of the appeal, or 6 weeks after the date on the local planning authority\u2019s enforcement notice.\n\nYour local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal.\n\nThey have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority makes decisions on planning applications.

    ", + "

    You can appeal a planning decision if either:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with it
    • ", + "
  • the decision was not made within 8 weeks (13 weeks for a major development, such as 10 or more dwellings or a building of more than 1,000 square metres)
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process to appeal a householder planning decision for a smaller project like an extension, conservatory or loft conversion.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    If you disagree with a decision, you must appeal within 6 months of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.

    ", + "

    If they did not make a decision within 8 weeks, you can appeal up to 6 months after the decision was due.

    ", + "

    The deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice - you must appeal within 28 days of the notice.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.

    ", + "

    Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.

    ", + "

    You need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • the site ownership certificate
    • ", + "
  • the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice - if they did not make a decision, submit a copy of the letter acknowledging your application
    • ", + "
  • all plans, drawings and documents you sent to the local planning authority
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit:

    ", + "
  • a map of the surrounding area
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your full statement of case
    • ", + "

    You can upload these documents when you appeal.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on a planning appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal.

    ", + "

    The deadline for comments is 5 weeks after the start date of the appeal, or 6 weeks after the date on the local planning authority\u2019s enforcement notice.

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal.

    ", + "

    They have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.

    ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-enforcement-notice": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-enforcement-notice", + "title": "Appeal an enforcement notice", + "content": "## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority may send you an enforcement notice if you\u2019ve built or changed something without planning permission.\n\nYou can appeal against an enforcement notice if you own, rent or lawfully occupy the property or land it applies to.\n\nAnyone can comment on an appeal.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing, unless you also apply for planning permission.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYour appeal must be received before the date the enforcement notice takes effect.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.\n\nCheck how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one enforcement notice you must make a separate appeal for each. Each person should appeal separately.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit:\n\n- a copy of your enforcement notice\n\n- a plan (if there is one)\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal\n\nYou can upload these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on an enforcement notice appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal.\n\nThe deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you the start date, what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can appeal

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority may send you an enforcement notice if you\u2019ve built or changed something without planning permission.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against an enforcement notice if you own, rent or lawfully occupy the property or land it applies to.

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on an appeal.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for appealing, unless you also apply for planning permission.

    ", + "

    Deadline for appealing

    ", + "

    Your appeal must be received before the date the enforcement notice takes effect.

    ", + "

    When you can expect a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.

    ", + "

    Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal more than one enforcement notice you must make a separate appeal for each. Each person should appeal separately.

    ", + "

    You also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit:

    ", + "
  • a copy of your enforcement notice
    • ", + "
  • a plan (if there is one)
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal
    • ", + "

    You can upload these documents when you appeal.

    ", + "

    Comment on an appeal

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on an enforcement notice appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal.

    ", + "

    The deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.

    ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you the start date, what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    If anyone behaves unreasonably

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    ", + "

    You can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the appeal decision

    ", + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    ", + "

    Get advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/organise-street-party": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/organise-street-party", + "title": "Organising a street party", + "content": "## Telling your local council\n\nStreet parties on quiet streets that don\u2019t affect the wider road network count as small events. If you\u2019re planning a small event for neighbours, apply to hold a street party through your local council.\n\nTell your council about your event 4 to 12 weeks before it happens.\n\nTell your council:\n\n- the date and time of the party or event\n\n- whether or not you want to close a road or section of road, and its name\n\n- if the road is part of a bus route or used by through traffic\n\n- a list of any properties or businesses affected\n\n- if you\u2019ve consulted neighbours\n\n## Smaller events\n\nYou don\u2019t have to tell the council if you hold a smaller event.\n\n## Closing a road\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get permission from your local council to close a road. Some local councils will lend you signs and cones, or you can hire or buy signs. The Street Party site gives advice on road closures.\n\nMake sure that the emergency services can still get down the street if they need to.\n\nIf your party is on a bus route, the bus company will want to know about it in advance.\n\nSome councils will contact emergency services and transport providers for you, but others expect you to do it.\n\n## Licences\n\n## Alcohol and food\n\nA licence isn\u2019t needed if you\u2019re going to provide alcohol for free at your event.\n\nTo sell alcohol you\u2019ll need a \u2018temporary events notice\u2019 which costs \u00a321. You can get one from your local council.\n\nFood can be served and sold up to 11pm without a licence. If you want to serve or sell it after 11pm, contact your council.\n\nYou don\u2019t need a licence to give alcoholic beverages away as prizes, like a bottle of champagne for a winning raffle ticket, but there are rules about what can be given away. Contact your council for more information.\n\n## Music\n\nYou don\u2019t need a music licence, whether the music is live or prerecorded, as long as your street party is a private party for residents and you haven\u2019t advertised the music to make money or attract people.\n\n## Raffles and tombolas\n\nGambling regulations don\u2019t apply if tombola or raffle tickets are sold on the day and the prizes aren\u2019t worth more than \u00a3500 in total.\n\nIf tickets are sold in advance or your prizes are worth more than \u00a3500 contact your local council as you might have to register your raffle as a lottery.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Telling your local council

    ", + "

    Street parties on quiet streets that don\u2019t affect the wider road network count as small events. If you\u2019re planning a small event for neighbours, apply to hold a street party through your local council.

    ", + "

    Tell your council about your event 4 to 12 weeks before it happens.

    ", + "

    Tell your council:

    ", + "
  • the date and time of the party or event
    • ", + "
  • whether or not you want to close a road or section of road, and its name
    • ", + "
  • if the road is part of a bus route or used by through traffic
    • ", + "
  • a list of any properties or businesses affected
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019ve consulted neighbours
    • ", + "

    Smaller events

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to tell the council if you hold a smaller event.

    ", + "

    Closing a road

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get permission from your local council to close a road. Some local councils will lend you signs and cones, or you can hire or buy signs. The Street Party site gives advice on road closures.

    ", + "

    Make sure that the emergency services can still get down the street if they need to.

    ", + "

    If your party is on a bus route, the bus company will want to know about it in advance.

    ", + "

    Some councils will contact emergency services and transport providers for you, but others expect you to do it.

    ", + "

    Licences

    ", + "

    Alcohol and food

    ", + "

    A licence isn\u2019t needed if you\u2019re going to provide alcohol for free at your event.

    ", + "

    To sell alcohol you\u2019ll need a \u2018temporary events notice\u2019 which costs \u00a321. You can get one from your local council.

    ", + "

    Food can be served and sold up to 11pm without a licence. If you want to serve or sell it after 11pm, contact your council.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a licence to give alcoholic beverages away as prizes, like a bottle of champagne for a winning raffle ticket, but there are rules about what can be given away. Contact your council for more information.

    ", + "

    Music

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a music licence, whether the music is live or prerecorded, as long as your street party is a private party for residents and you haven\u2019t advertised the music to make money or attract people.

    ", + "

    Raffles and tombolas

    ", + "

    Gambling regulations don\u2019t apply if tombola or raffle tickets are sold on the day and the prizes aren\u2019t worth more than \u00a3500 in total.

    ", + "

    If tickets are sold in advance or your prizes are worth more than \u00a3500 contact your local council as you might have to register your raffle as a lottery.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/understand-how-your-council-works": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/understand-how-your-council-works", + "title": "Understand how your council works", + "content": "## Types of council\n\nThis guide relates to councils in England. Find information about councils in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\nMany parts of England have 2 tiers of local government:\n\n- county councils\n\n- district, borough or city councils\n\nIn some parts of the country, there\u2019s just 1 (unitary) tier of local government providing all the local services. The 3 main types are:\n\n- unitary authorities in shire areas\n\n- London boroughs\n\n- metropolitan boroughs\n\n## County councils\n\nThese are responsible for services across the whole of a county, like:\n\n- education\n\n- transport\n\n- planning\n\n- fire and public safety\n\n- social care\n\n- libraries\n\n- waste management\n\n- trading standards\n\n## District, borough and city councils\n\nThese cover a smaller area than county councils. They\u2019re usually responsible for services like:\n\n- rubbish collection\n\n- recycling\n\n- Council Tax collections\n\n- housing\n\n- planning applications\n\n## Unitary authorities and London and metropolitan boroughs\n\nIn some parts of the country, 1 tier of local government provides all the local services listed above.\n\nIn London and metropolitan areas some services, like fire, police and public transport, are provided through \u2018joint authorities\u2019 (in London by the Greater London Authority).\n\n## Parish, community and town councils\n\nThese operate at a level below district and borough councils and in some cases, unitary authorities.\n\nThey\u2019re elected and can help on a number of local issues, like providing:\n\n- allotments\n\n- public clocks\n\n- bus shelters\n\n- community centres\n\n- play areas and play equipment\n\n- grants to help local organisations\n\n- consultation on neighbourhood planning\n\nThey also have the power to issue fixed penalty fines for things like:\n\n- litter\n\n- graffiti\n\n- fly posting\n\n- dog offences\n\n## Decision making\n\nThe full council (a meeting of all council members) is responsible for all decisions. But in practice, most of the work is given to smaller groups of councillors or council officers (paid staff).\n\nEvery council must publish:\n\n- details of when key decisions will be taken\n\n- papers of meetings \u2013 at least 5 working days beforehand\n\n- minutes of meetings \u2013 showing the decisions that were made\n\nYou can view council meeting agendas, minutes and reports on your council\u2019s website.\n\nYou can also attend most council meetings, although usually you won\u2019t be able to speak at them.\n\n## Mayors\n\nMany councils have a civic mayor or chairman of the council. They carry out ceremonial duties and chair meetings, but can\u2019t make decisions about council business.\n\nSome councils have an elected mayor. They\u2019re responsible for the day-to-day running of local services.\n\nCouncils can have both elected and civic mayors.\n\n## Spending and accounts\n\nMany local councils provide information on their websites to show how they spend their budget.\n\nYou can view details of:\n\n- payments for goods and services over \u00a3500\n\n- contracts and tenders over \u00a3500\n\n## Looking at annual accounts\n\nEvery year councils must open their detailed financial accounts to the public for 30 working days.\n\nThis allows you to check any spending under \u00a3500 without having to make a freedom of information request.\n\nYour council must publish on its website and in the local press details of when you can check its accounts.\n\n## Local councillors and elections\n\nLocal councillors are elected for 4-year terms by the local community to represent its views.\n\nYou can contact your local councillor online or by going to an advice surgery.\n\n## When local elections are held\n\nElections to councils are normally held on the first Thursday in May.\n\nSome councils elect all of their councillors at the same time. Other councils elect half or a third of their councillors at each election. Read about the election timetable in England.\n\nYou can find out more about local council elections from the Local Government Boundary Commission for England.\n\n## Declaring interests\n\nAll local councillors have to declare any interests, gifts or hospitality they get that could influence decisions they make.\n\nYour local council must publish details of these. You can usually access them on your council\u2019s website or at the town hall.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nIf you feel that a council service hasn\u2019t been properly delivered, you can make an official complaint.\n\n- Complain to the council service provider.\n\n- If you\u2019re still not happy, complain to your council\u2019s complaints officer.\n\n- If this doesn\u2019t resolve the issue, you may be able to get the Local Government Ombudsman to look into it.\n\nThe Ombudsman considers complaints if you\u2019ve suffered because of:\n\n- the way a council service has been given\n\n- how a decision has been made\n\nThe Ombudsman usually only considers your complaint once it\u2019s been through your local council\u2019s complaints procedure.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Types of council

    ", + "

    This guide relates to councils in England. Find information about councils in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Many parts of England have 2 tiers of local government:

    ", + "
  • county councils
    • ", + "
  • district, borough or city councils
    • ", + "

    In some parts of the country, there\u2019s just 1 (unitary) tier of local government providing all the local services. The 3 main types are:

    ", + "
  • unitary authorities in shire areas
    • ", + "
  • London boroughs
    • ", + "
  • metropolitan boroughs
    • ", + "

    County councils

    ", + "

    These are responsible for services across the whole of a county, like:

    ", + "
  • education
    • ", + "
  • transport
    • ", + "
  • planning
    • ", + "
  • fire and public safety
    • ", + "
  • social care
    • ", + "
  • libraries
    • ", + "
  • waste management
    • ", + "
  • trading standards
    • ", + "

    District, borough and city councils

    ", + "

    These cover a smaller area than county councils. They\u2019re usually responsible for services like:

    ", + "
  • rubbish collection
    • ", + "
  • recycling
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax collections
    • ", + "
  • housing
    • ", + "
  • planning applications
    • ", + "

    Unitary authorities and London and metropolitan boroughs

    ", + "

    In some parts of the country, 1 tier of local government provides all the local services listed above.

    ", + "

    In London and metropolitan areas some services, like fire, police and public transport, are provided through \u2018joint authorities\u2019 (in London by the Greater London Authority).

    ", + "

    Parish, community and town councils

    ", + "

    These operate at a level below district and borough councils and in some cases, unitary authorities.

    ", + "

    They\u2019re elected and can help on a number of local issues, like providing:

    ", + "
  • allotments
    • ", + "
  • public clocks
    • ", + "
  • bus shelters
    • ", + "
  • community centres
    • ", + "
  • play areas and play equipment
    • ", + "
  • grants to help local organisations
    • ", + "
  • consultation on neighbourhood planning
    • ", + "

    They also have the power to issue fixed penalty fines for things like:

    ", + "
  • litter
    • ", + "
  • graffiti
    • ", + "
  • fly posting
    • ", + "
  • dog offences
    • ", + "

    Decision making

    ", + "

    The full council (a meeting of all council members) is responsible for all decisions. But in practice, most of the work is given to smaller groups of councillors or council officers (paid staff).

    ", + "

    Every council must publish:

    ", + "
  • details of when key decisions will be taken
    • ", + "
  • papers of meetings \u2013 at least 5 working days beforehand
    • ", + "
  • minutes of meetings \u2013 showing the decisions that were made
    • ", + "

    You can view council meeting agendas, minutes and reports on your council\u2019s website.

    ", + "

    You can also attend most council meetings, although usually you won\u2019t be able to speak at them.

    ", + "

    Mayors

    ", + "

    Many councils have a civic mayor or chairman of the council. They carry out ceremonial duties and chair meetings, but can\u2019t make decisions about council business.

    ", + "

    Some councils have an elected mayor. They\u2019re responsible for the day-to-day running of local services.

    ", + "

    Councils can have both elected and civic mayors.

    ", + "

    Spending and accounts

    ", + "

    Many local councils provide information on their websites to show how they spend their budget.

    ", + "

    You can view details of:

    ", + "
  • payments for goods and services over \u00a3500
    • ", + "
  • contracts and tenders over \u00a3500
    • ", + "

    Looking at annual accounts

    ", + "

    Every year councils must open their detailed financial accounts to the public for 30 working days.

    ", + "

    This allows you to check any spending under \u00a3500 without having to make a freedom of information request.

    ", + "

    Your council must publish on its website and in the local press details of when you can check its accounts.

    ", + "

    Local councillors and elections

    ", + "

    Local councillors are elected for 4-year terms by the local community to represent its views.

    ", + "

    You can contact your local councillor online or by going to an advice surgery.

    ", + "

    When local elections are held

    ", + "

    Elections to councils are normally held on the first Thursday in May.

    ", + "

    Some councils elect all of their councillors at the same time. Other councils elect half or a third of their councillors at each election. Read about the election timetable in England.

    ", + "

    You can find out more about local council elections from the Local Government Boundary Commission for England.

    ", + "

    Declaring interests

    ", + "

    All local councillors have to declare any interests, gifts or hospitality they get that could influence decisions they make.

    ", + "

    Your local council must publish details of these. You can usually access them on your council\u2019s website or at the town hall.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    If you feel that a council service hasn\u2019t been properly delivered, you can make an official complaint.

    ", + "
  • Complain to the council service provider.
    • ", + "
  • If you\u2019re still not happy, complain to your council\u2019s complaints officer.
    • ", + "
  • If this doesn\u2019t resolve the issue, you may be able to get the Local Government Ombudsman to look into it.
    • ", + "

    The Ombudsman considers complaints if you\u2019ve suffered because of:

    ", + "
  • the way a council service has been given
    • ", + "
  • how a decision has been made
    • ", + "

    The Ombudsman usually only considers your complaint once it\u2019s been through your local council\u2019s complaints procedure.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/control-dog-public": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/control-dog-public", + "title": "Controlling your dog in public", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIt\u2019s against the law to let a dog be dangerously out of control anywhere, such as:\n\n- in a public place\n\n- in a private place, for example a neighbour\u2019s house or garden\n\n- in the owner\u2019s home\n\nThe law applies to all dogs.\n\nSome types of dogs are banned.\n\n## Out of control\n\nYour dog is considered dangerously out of control if it:\n\n- injures someone\n\n- makes someone worried that it might injure them\n\nA court could also decide that your dog is dangerously out of control if either of the following apply:\n\n- it attacks someone\u2019s animal\n\n- the owner of an animal thinks they could be injured if they tried to stop your dog attacking their animal\n\nA farmer is allowed to kill your dog if it\u2019s worrying their livestock.\n\n## Penalties\n\nYou can get an unlimited fine or be sent to prison for up to 6 months (or both) if your dog is dangerously out of control. You may not be allowed to own a dog in the future and your dog may be destroyed.\n\nIf you let your dog injure someone you can be sent to prison for up to 5 years or fined (or both). If you deliberately use your dog to injure someone you could be charged with \u2018malicious wounding\u2019.\n\nIf you allow your dog to kill someone you can be sent to prison for up to 14 years or get an unlimited fine (or both).\n\nIf you allow your dog to injure an assistance dog (for example a guide dog) you can be sent to prison for up to 3 years or fined (or both).\n\n## Banned dogs\n\nIn the UK, it\u2019s against the law to own certain types of dog. These are the:\n\n- Pit Bull Terrier\n\n- Japanese Tosa\n\n- Dogo Argentino\n\n- Fila Brasileiro\n\nIt\u2019s also against the law to:\n\n- sell a banned dog\n\n- abandon a banned dog\n\n- give away a banned dog\n\n- breed from a banned dog\n\nWhether your dog is a banned type depends on what it looks like, rather than its breed or name.\n\n## If you have a banned dog\n\nIf you have a banned dog, the police or local council dog warden can take it away and keep it, even if:\n\n- it is not acting dangerously\n\n- there has not been a complaint\n\nThe police may need permission from a court to do this.\n\nIf your dog is in:\n\n- a public place, the police do not need a warrant\n\n- a private place, the police must get a warrant\n\n- a private place and the police have a warrant for something else (like a drugs search), they can seize your dog\n\nA police or council dog expert will judge what type of dog you have and whether it is (or could be) a danger to the public. Your dog will then either be:\n\n- released\n\n- kept in kennels while the police (or council) apply to a court\n\nYou\u2019re not allowed to visit your dog while you wait for the court decision.\n\nYou can give up ownership of your dog but you cannot be forced to. If you do, your dog could be destroyed without you even going to court.\n\n## Going to court\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to prove your dog is not a banned type.\n\nIf you prove this, the court will order the dog to be returned to you. If you cannot prove it (or you plead guilty), you\u2019ll be convicted of a crime.\n\nYou can get an unlimited fine or be sent to prison for up to 6 months (or both) for having a banned dog against the law. Your dog will also be destroyed.\n\n## Index of Exempted Dogs (IED)\n\nIf your dog is banned but the court thinks it\u2019s not a danger to the public, it may put it on the IED and let you keep it.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a Certificate of Exemption. This is valid for the life of the dog.\n\nYour dog must be:\n\n- neutered\n\n- microchipped\n\n- kept on a lead and muzzled at all times when in public\n\n- kept in a secure place so it cannot escape\n\nAs the owner, you must:\n\n- take out insurance against your dog injuring other people\n\n- be aged over 16\n\n- show the Certificate of Exemption when asked by a police officer or council dog warden, either at the time or within 5 days\n\n- let the IED know if you change address, or your dog dies\n\n## Public Spaces Protection Orders\n\nSome public areas in England and Wales are covered by Public Spaces Protection Orders (PSPOs) - previously called Dog Control Orders (DCOs).\n\nIn public areas with PSPOs, you may have to:\n\n- keep your dog on a lead\n\n- put your dog on a lead if told to by a police officer, police community support officer or someone from the council\n\n- stop your dog going to certain places - like farmland or parts of a park\n\n- limit the number of dogs you have with you (this applies to professional dog walkers too)\n\n- clear up after your dog\n\n- carry a poop scoop and disposable bags\n\nYou can report dog fouling to your local council.\n\n## Penalties\n\nIf you ignore a PSPO, you can be fined:\n\n- \u00a3100 on the spot (a \u2018Fixed Penalty Notice\u2019)\n\n- up to \u00a31,000 if it goes to court\n\n## PSPOs in your area\n\nLocal councils must let the public know where PSPOs are in place.\n\nIf the council plans to put a new PSPO in place, it must put up a notice and publish it on its website.\n\nThe notice must tell you:\n\n- where the new PSPO will apply\n\n- if there\u2019s a map and where you can see it\n\n## Report a dog\n\nAnyone can report a dog and their owner to the police.\n\nYou can report a dangerous dog to your council\u2019s dog warden service.\n\nYou can also report dog fouling to your local council.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    It\u2019s against the law to let a dog be dangerously out of control anywhere, such as:

    ", + "
  • in a public place
    • ", + "
  • in a private place, for example a neighbour\u2019s house or garden
    • ", + "
  • in the owner\u2019s home
    • ", + "

    The law applies to all dogs.

    ", + "

    Some types of dogs are banned.

    ", + "

    Out of control

    ", + "

    Your dog is considered dangerously out of control if it:

    ", + "
  • injures someone
    • ", + "
  • makes someone worried that it might injure them
    • ", + "

    A court could also decide that your dog is dangerously out of control if either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it attacks someone\u2019s animal
    • ", + "
  • the owner of an animal thinks they could be injured if they tried to stop your dog attacking their animal
    • ", + "

    A farmer is allowed to kill your dog if it\u2019s worrying their livestock.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    You can get an unlimited fine or be sent to prison for up to 6 months (or both) if your dog is dangerously out of control. You may not be allowed to own a dog in the future and your dog may be destroyed.

    ", + "

    If you let your dog injure someone you can be sent to prison for up to 5 years or fined (or both). If you deliberately use your dog to injure someone you could be charged with \u2018malicious wounding\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you allow your dog to kill someone you can be sent to prison for up to 14 years or get an unlimited fine (or both).

    ", + "

    If you allow your dog to injure an assistance dog (for example a guide dog) you can be sent to prison for up to 3 years or fined (or both).

    ", + "

    Banned dogs

    ", + "

    In the UK, it\u2019s against the law to own certain types of dog. These are the:

    ", + "
  • Pit Bull Terrier
    • ", + "
  • Japanese Tosa
    • ", + "
  • Dogo Argentino
    • ", + "
  • Fila Brasileiro
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s also against the law to:

    ", + "
  • sell a banned dog
    • ", + "
  • abandon a banned dog
    • ", + "
  • give away a banned dog
    • ", + "
  • breed from a banned dog
    • ", + "

    Whether your dog is a banned type depends on what it looks like, rather than its breed or name.

    ", + "

    If you have a banned dog

    ", + "

    If you have a banned dog, the police or local council dog warden can take it away and keep it, even if:

    ", + "
  • it is not acting dangerously
    • ", + "
  • there has not been a complaint
    • ", + "

    The police may need permission from a court to do this.

    ", + "

    If your dog is in:

    ", + "
  • a public place, the police do not need a warrant
    • ", + "
  • a private place, the police must get a warrant
    • ", + "
  • a private place and the police have a warrant for something else (like a drugs search), they can seize your dog
    • ", + "

    A police or council dog expert will judge what type of dog you have and whether it is (or could be) a danger to the public. Your dog will then either be:

    ", + "
  • released
    • ", + "
  • kept in kennels while the police (or council) apply to a court
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re not allowed to visit your dog while you wait for the court decision.

    ", + "

    You can give up ownership of your dog but you cannot be forced to. If you do, your dog could be destroyed without you even going to court.

    ", + "

    Going to court

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to prove your dog is not a banned type.

    ", + "

    If you prove this, the court will order the dog to be returned to you. If you cannot prove it (or you plead guilty), you\u2019ll be convicted of a crime.

    ", + "

    You can get an unlimited fine or be sent to prison for up to 6 months (or both) for having a banned dog against the law. Your dog will also be destroyed.

    ", + "

    Index of Exempted Dogs (IED)

    ", + "

    If your dog is banned but the court thinks it\u2019s not a danger to the public, it may put it on the IED and let you keep it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a Certificate of Exemption. This is valid for the life of the dog.

    ", + "

    Your dog must be:

    ", + "
  • neutered
    • ", + "
  • microchipped
    • ", + "
  • kept on a lead and muzzled at all times when in public
    • ", + "
  • kept in a secure place so it cannot escape
    • ", + "

    As the owner, you must:

    ", + "
  • take out insurance against your dog injuring other people
    • ", + "
  • be aged over 16
    • ", + "
  • show the Certificate of Exemption when asked by a police officer or council dog warden, either at the time or within 5 days
    • ", + "
  • let the IED know if you change address, or your dog dies
    • ", + "

    Public Spaces Protection Orders

    ", + "

    Some public areas in England and Wales are covered by Public Spaces Protection Orders (PSPOs) - previously called Dog Control Orders (DCOs).

    ", + "

    In public areas with PSPOs, you may have to:

    ", + "
  • keep your dog on a lead
    • ", + "
  • put your dog on a lead if told to by a police officer, police community support officer or someone from the council
    • ", + "
  • stop your dog going to certain places - like farmland or parts of a park
    • ", + "
  • limit the number of dogs you have with you (this applies to professional dog walkers too)
    • ", + "
  • clear up after your dog
    • ", + "
  • carry a poop scoop and disposable bags
    • ", + "

    You can report dog fouling to your local council.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    If you ignore a PSPO, you can be fined:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3100 on the spot (a \u2018Fixed Penalty Notice\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • up to \u00a31,000 if it goes to court
    • ", + "

    PSPOs in your area

    ", + "

    Local councils must let the public know where PSPOs are in place.

    ", + "

    If the council plans to put a new PSPO in place, it must put up a notice and publish it on its website.

    ", + "

    The notice must tell you:

    ", + "
  • where the new PSPO will apply
    • ", + "
  • if there\u2019s a map and where you can see it
    • ", + "

    Report a dog

    ", + "

    Anyone can report a dog and their owner to the police.

    ", + "

    You can report a dangerous dog to your council\u2019s dog warden service.

    ", + "

    You can also report dog fouling to your local council.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/horse-passport": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/horse-passport", + "title": "Getting and using a horse passport", + "content": "## When you need a horse passport\n\nYou must have a horse passport (sometimes called an \u2018equine passport\u2019) for each animal if you keep any of the following:\n\n- horses\n\n- ponies\n\n- donkeys and asses\n\n- zebras\n\n- mules, hinnies or other hybrids\n\nThe passport is a document that:\n\n- describes the animal, for example by breed, colour, species\n\n- lists all vaccinations\n\n- names the registered owner\n\nYou only need a passport for semi-wild ponies on Dartmoor, Exmoor, Wicken Fen or in the New Forest if they\u2019re not free to roam in these areas (for example, if you sometimes keep them enclosed on your land) or you have them treated by a vet.\n\n## Use your horse passport\n\nYou must keep a valid horse passport with your animal at all times. This includes at its stable or when you move it.\n\nYou need to provide your horse\u2019s passport:\n\n- when a vet examines or treats your animal - the medication your animal can get depends on how it\u2019s categorised on its passport\n\n- if an animal health inspector, trading standards inspector or other enforcement officer asks to see it\n\n- when you sell or give the animal to someone else\n\nYou could get a fine if you cannot show a valid horse passport for an animal in your care.\n\n## If you buy a horse\n\nContact the Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO) within 30 days to update the passport ownership details.\n\nIf the seller does not give you the horse\u2019s passport, contact your local trading standards office for advice.\n\nYou might need to take additional steps if you import a horse from outside the UK.\n\n## When your horse dies\n\nWithin 30 days of the horse\u2019s death, return its passport to the PIO that issued it. They will update their records and invalidate or destroy the passport.\n\nIf the passport has been invalidated you may be able to get it sent back to you. Ask the PIO if this is possible.\n\n## If your horse was born before July 2009\n\nCheck if your horse is microchipped by:\n\n- looking at its passport\n\n- looking at the Digital Stable or the National Chipchecker\n\n- asking a vet to scan your horse for a microchip\n\nIf your horse does not have a microchip, you must:\n\n- get a vet to microchip it\n\n- update the passport\n\nIn England, you can be fined if your horse is not microchipped.\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Apply for a horse passport\n\nIf you own the horse or related animal, you must get a passport for it before it reaches 12 months of age.\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply through a Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO). If you have a pedigree animal, you need to register through a PIO that manages studbooks.\n\nYou need a vet to implant a microchip in your horse before you can apply.\n\nSend your application by whichever date is later:\n\n- 30 November of the animal\u2019s year of birth\n\n- within 6 months of the animal\u2019s birth\n\nApplications can take up to 6 weeks. How much you pay depends on the PIO and type of animal.\n\nA passport issued more than 12 months after birth will be treated as late. It will be issued as a duplicate or replacement passport and the animal cannot be used as food for humans.\n\nThere\u2019s no expiry on horse passports - they last an animal\u2019s lifetime.\n\n## Update or replace a passport\n\nYou need to:\n\n- update the passport\u2019s details if they change, for example if you have a new microchip put in your horse\n\n- replace a passport if it gets lost\n\n## Update passport details\n\nContact the Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO) to get your horse\u2019s passport updated.\n\nYou can make updates through the Digital Stable in some instances.\n\n## Replace a lost passport\n\nContact the PIO that issued the original passport to request a duplicate or replacement.\n\nIf you do not know which PIO this is, you can apply for a duplicate or replacement from another PIO. Apply to a PIO that manages studbooks if you have a pedigree.\n\nYour horse will not be used as food when it dies if it\u2019s given a duplicate or replacement passport.\n\nYou\u2019re breaking the law if you apply for a replacement or duplicate passport when the original is not lost.\n\n## If you find your original passport\n\nSend the passport back to the PIO that issued it. If the PIO no longer exists or is not in the UK, then send it to any appropriate UK PIO.\n\n## Import or export a horse or related animal\n\nWhat you need to do depends on whether you\u2019re importing or exporting the horse or related animal.\n\n## Importing\n\nAny horse coming into the UK must have an up-to-date horse passport. This can come from:\n\n- a UK Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO)\n\n- an approved body from another country\n\nIf the horse will be in the UK for more than 90 days and does not have a UK horse passport, you must register the foreign passport with a UK PIO. You must apply within 30 days of the horse\u2019s arrival.\n\nUse a PIO that manages studbooks if you have a pedigree.\n\nThere are limited circumstances where you do not need to register the foreign passport with a UK PIO. A PIO will tell you if one of those circumstances apply if you contact them.\n\nIf you\u2019re in England, Scotland or Wales, read more about the rules for:\n\n- importing horses from Northern Ireland, EU countries and Norway\n\n- importing horses from any other country\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, read more about importing animals.\n\n## Exporting\n\nYou must keep the passport with the horse and follow the rules for:\n\n- exporting horses from England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- exporting animals from Northern Ireland\n\n## Get help\n\nContact the Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO) that issued the horse passport if you have any questions.\n\n## If you have concerns about the conduct of PIOs\n\nContact the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).\n\nYou can also write to them.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you need a horse passport

    ", + "

    You must have a horse passport (sometimes called an \u2018equine passport\u2019) for each animal if you keep any of the following:

    ", + "
  • horses
    • ", + "
  • ponies
    • ", + "
  • donkeys and asses
    • ", + "
  • zebras
    • ", + "
  • mules, hinnies or other hybrids
    • ", + "

    The passport is a document that:

    ", + "
  • describes the animal, for example by breed, colour, species
    • ", + "
  • lists all vaccinations
    • ", + "
  • names the registered owner
    • ", + "

    You only need a passport for semi-wild ponies on Dartmoor, Exmoor, Wicken Fen or in the New Forest if they\u2019re not free to roam in these areas (for example, if you sometimes keep them enclosed on your land) or you have them treated by a vet.

    ", + "

    Use your horse passport

    ", + "

    You must keep a valid horse passport with your animal at all times. This includes at its stable or when you move it.

    ", + "

    You need to provide your horse\u2019s passport:

    ", + "
  • when a vet examines or treats your animal - the medication your animal can get depends on how it\u2019s categorised on its passport
    • ", + "
  • if an animal health inspector, trading standards inspector or other enforcement officer asks to see it
    • ", + "
  • when you sell or give the animal to someone else
    • ", + "

    You could get a fine if you cannot show a valid horse passport for an animal in your care.

    ", + "

    If you buy a horse

    ", + "

    Contact the Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO) within 30 days to update the passport ownership details.

    ", + "

    If the seller does not give you the horse\u2019s passport, contact your local trading standards office for advice.

    ", + "

    You might need to take additional steps if you import a horse from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    When your horse dies

    ", + "

    Within 30 days of the horse\u2019s death, return its passport to the PIO that issued it. They will update their records and invalidate or destroy the passport.

    ", + "

    If the passport has been invalidated you may be able to get it sent back to you. Ask the PIO if this is possible.

    ", + "

    If your horse was born before July 2009

    ", + "

    Check if your horse is microchipped by:

    ", + "
  • looking at its passport
    • ", + "
  • looking at the Digital Stable or the National Chipchecker
    • ", + "
  • asking a vet to scan your horse for a microchip
    • ", + "

    If your horse does not have a microchip, you must:

    ", + "
  • get a vet to microchip it
    • ", + "
  • update the passport
    • ", + "

    In England, you can be fined if your horse is not microchipped.

    ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Apply for a horse passport

    ", + "

    If you own the horse or related animal, you must get a passport for it before it reaches 12 months of age.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Apply through a Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO). If you have a pedigree animal, you need to register through a PIO that manages studbooks.

    ", + "

    You need a vet to implant a microchip in your horse before you can apply.

    ", + "

    Send your application by whichever date is later:

    ", + "
  • 30 November of the animal\u2019s year of birth
    • ", + "
  • within 6 months of the animal\u2019s birth
    • ", + "

    Applications can take up to 6 weeks. How much you pay depends on the PIO and type of animal.

    ", + "

    A passport issued more than 12 months after birth will be treated as late. It will be issued as a duplicate or replacement passport and the animal cannot be used as food for humans.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no expiry on horse passports - they last an animal\u2019s lifetime.

    ", + "

    Update or replace a passport

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • update the passport\u2019s details if they change, for example if you have a new microchip put in your horse
    • ", + "
  • replace a passport if it gets lost
    • ", + "

    Update passport details

    ", + "

    Contact the Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO) to get your horse\u2019s passport updated.

    ", + "

    You can make updates through the Digital Stable in some instances.

    ", + "

    Replace a lost passport

    ", + "

    Contact the PIO that issued the original passport to request a duplicate or replacement.

    ", + "

    If you do not know which PIO this is, you can apply for a duplicate or replacement from another PIO. Apply to a PIO that manages studbooks if you have a pedigree.

    ", + "

    Your horse will not be used as food when it dies if it\u2019s given a duplicate or replacement passport.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re breaking the law if you apply for a replacement or duplicate passport when the original is not lost.

    ", + "

    If you find your original passport

    ", + "

    Send the passport back to the PIO that issued it. If the PIO no longer exists or is not in the UK, then send it to any appropriate UK PIO.

    ", + "

    Import or export a horse or related animal

    ", + "

    What you need to do depends on whether you\u2019re importing or exporting the horse or related animal.

    ", + "

    Importing

    ", + "

    Any horse coming into the UK must have an up-to-date horse passport. This can come from:

    ", + "
  • a UK Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO)
    • ", + "
  • an approved body from another country
    • ", + "

    If the horse will be in the UK for more than 90 days and does not have a UK horse passport, you must register the foreign passport with a UK PIO. You must apply within 30 days of the horse\u2019s arrival.

    ", + "

    Use a PIO that manages studbooks if you have a pedigree.

    ", + "

    There are limited circumstances where you do not need to register the foreign passport with a UK PIO. A PIO will tell you if one of those circumstances apply if you contact them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in England, Scotland or Wales, read more about the rules for:

    ", + "
  • importing horses from Northern Ireland, EU countries and Norway
    • ", + "
  • importing horses from any other country
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, read more about importing animals.

    ", + "

    Exporting

    ", + "

    You must keep the passport with the horse and follow the rules for:

    ", + "
  • exporting horses from England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • exporting animals from Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Passport Issuing Organisation (PIO) that issued the horse passport if you have any questions.

    ", + "

    If you have concerns about the conduct of PIOs

    ", + "

    Contact the Department for Environment Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).

    ", + "

    You can also write to them.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/low-flying-in-your-area": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/low-flying-in-your-area", + "title": "Low flying military aircraft", + "content": "## Overview\n\nMilitary low flying is used to train military aircrew. Low flying by military aircraft is carried out across all of the UK.\n\nLow flying means:\n\n- fixed-wing aircraft flying down to 250 feet from the ground\n\n- rotary-wing aircraft (for example helicopters) flying down to 100 feet from the ground\n\nRotary-wing aircraft can also be authorised to go lower than 100 feet from the ground.\n\nLow flying isn\u2019t usually allowed in areas around airports, or towns and cities with populations of more than 10,000.\n\nFind out more about:\n\n- safety concerns and low flying\n\n- noise from commercial airports\n\n## Where and when low flying happens\n\nThe UK is divided into 20 separate low flying areas.\n\nThree of these areas are also known as \u2018tactical training areas\u2019. These are in:\n\n- central Wales\n\n- northern Scotland\n\n- the borders area of southern Scotland and northern England\n\nMinistry of Defence (MOD) publishes a monthly timetable for the low flying tactical training areas and MOD sponsored air exercises.\n\n## Air weapons ranges\n\nThe Royal Air Force (RAF) currently uses 5 air weapons ranges. These are:\n\n- Donna Nook and Holbeach in Lincolnshire\n\n- Pembrey Sands in Carmarthenshire\n\n- Tain in Ross-shire\n\n- Cape Wrath in Sutherland\n\nAir weapons ranges are used for:\n\n- low flying military aircraft\n\n- air to ground bombing\n\nMOD publishes a monthly timetable for air weapons ranges activity. Red flags or lights, signs and sentries show when you can\u2019t go onto an air weapons range.\n\nYou can also contact MOD about low flying in your area.\n\n## Find out about low flying in your area\n\nContact the Ministry of Defence (MOD) for information about low flying military aircraft in your area.\n\n## Low flying in England, Wales and Scotland\n\nContact the Low Flying Complaints and Enquiries Unit to complain or enquire about low flying in your area.\n\nTo make a complaint, send the following information:\n\n- your name\n\n- full address and postcode\n\n- telephone number\n\n- date and time of the problem\n\n- location of the problem\n\n- type of aircraft, if known\n\n- a brief description of your complaint\n\nYou should get a response within 20 days.\n\nYour complaint can be investigated by the Defence Flying Complaints Investigation Team if it\u2019s about serious injuries or damage.\n\n## Enquiries about horse riding\n\nCall the low level advisory service if you want to ride a horse and are worried about low flying aircraft.\n\n## Low flying in Northern Ireland\n\n## Request low flying to be temporarily stopped\n\nYou can apply to have low flying stopped temporarily in your area, for example if you\u2019re holding an agricultural or horse show.\n\nContact the Ministry of Defence (MOD) to apply. They will grant your request if it doesn\u2019t significantly disturb the low flying training.\n\nWhen applying, make sure you include the:\n\n- name and nature of the event\n\n- location and ordnance survey grid reference\n\n- contact details for the people holding the event\n\n- date and time when you would like low flying to be stopped", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Military low flying is used to train military aircrew. Low flying by military aircraft is carried out across all of the UK.

    ", + "

    Low flying means:

    ", + "
  • fixed-wing aircraft flying down to 250 feet from the ground
    • ", + "
  • rotary-wing aircraft (for example helicopters) flying down to 100 feet from the ground
    • ", + "

    Rotary-wing aircraft can also be authorised to go lower than 100 feet from the ground.

    ", + "

    Low flying isn\u2019t usually allowed in areas around airports, or towns and cities with populations of more than 10,000.

    ", + "

    Find out more about:

    ", + "
  • safety concerns and low flying
    • ", + "
  • noise from commercial airports
    • ", + "

    Where and when low flying happens

    ", + "

    The UK is divided into 20 separate low flying areas.

    ", + "

    Three of these areas are also known as \u2018tactical training areas\u2019. These are in:

    ", + "
  • central Wales
    • ", + "
  • northern Scotland
    • ", + "
  • the borders area of southern Scotland and northern England
    • ", + "

    Ministry of Defence (MOD) publishes a monthly timetable for the low flying tactical training areas and MOD sponsored air exercises.

    ", + "

    Air weapons ranges

    ", + "

    The Royal Air Force (RAF) currently uses 5 air weapons ranges. These are:

    ", + "
  • Donna Nook and Holbeach in Lincolnshire
    • ", + "
  • Pembrey Sands in Carmarthenshire
    • ", + "
  • Tain in Ross-shire
    • ", + "
  • Cape Wrath in Sutherland
    • ", + "

    Air weapons ranges are used for:

    ", + "
  • low flying military aircraft
    • ", + "
  • air to ground bombing
    • ", + "

    MOD publishes a monthly timetable for air weapons ranges activity. Red flags or lights, signs and sentries show when you can\u2019t go onto an air weapons range.

    ", + "

    You can also contact MOD about low flying in your area.

    ", + "

    Find out about low flying in your area

    ", + "

    Contact the Ministry of Defence (MOD) for information about low flying military aircraft in your area.

    ", + "

    Low flying in England, Wales and Scotland

    ", + "

    Contact the Low Flying Complaints and Enquiries Unit to complain or enquire about low flying in your area.

    ", + "

    To make a complaint, send the following information:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • full address and postcode
    • ", + "
  • telephone number
    • ", + "
  • date and time of the problem
    • ", + "
  • location of the problem
    • ", + "
  • type of aircraft, if known
    • ", + "
  • a brief description of your complaint
    • ", + "

    You should get a response within 20 days.

    ", + "

    Your complaint can be investigated by the Defence Flying Complaints Investigation Team if it\u2019s about serious injuries or damage.

    ", + "

    Enquiries about horse riding

    ", + "

    Call the low level advisory service if you want to ride a horse and are worried about low flying aircraft.

    ", + "

    Low flying in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Request low flying to be temporarily stopped

    ", + "

    You can apply to have low flying stopped temporarily in your area, for example if you\u2019re holding an agricultural or horse show.

    ", + "

    Contact the Ministry of Defence (MOD) to apply. They will grant your request if it doesn\u2019t significantly disturb the low flying training.

    ", + "

    When applying, make sure you include the:

    ", + "
  • name and nature of the event
    • ", + "
  • location and ordnance survey grid reference
    • ", + "
  • contact details for the people holding the event
    • ", + "
  • date and time when you would like low flying to be stopped
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-resolve-neighbour-disputes": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-resolve-neighbour-disputes", + "title": "Resolving neighbour disputes", + "content": "## Overview\n\nFollow these steps if you have a dispute with your neighbour.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n- Try to solve the problem informally by talking to them.\n\n- If your neighbour is a tenant, you could contact their landlord.\n\n- You could use a mediation service if raising the issue informally does not work.\n\n- If the dispute involves a statutory nuisance (something like loud music or barking dogs), you can make a complaint to your local council.\n\n- Contact the police if your neighbour is breaking the law by being violent or harassing you.\n\n- As a last resort you can take legal action through the courts.\n\n## Talk to your neighbour\n\nBefore making a formal complaint or getting others involved, try to discuss the problem with your neighbour.\n\nIf you\u2019re worried about approaching them, write a letter, explaining the problem clearly and sticking to the facts.\n\nIf the problem affects other neighbours, involve them as well. It can be easier to settle a dispute if the complaint comes from a number of people.\n\nA tenants\u2019 association might help if you\u2019re a member of one.\n\nGet practical advice from Citizens Advice to deal with common neighbour disputes, like noise and rubbish.\n\n## Contact your neighbour's landlord\n\nIf your neighbour is a tenant, you can complain to their landlord. This could be a housing association, the council or a private landlord.\n\n## Use a mediation service\n\nIf you cannot resolve the dispute by speaking to your neighbour, get help from a mediation service.\n\n## How mediation works\n\nMediation is when an impartial person - trained in dealing with difficult discussions between 2 opposing sides - acts like a referee in a dispute.\n\nThere can be a fee for mediation, but this will still be cheaper than hiring a solicitor and taking legal action.\n\n## Contact a mediation service\n\nMediation services differ depending on where you live:\n\n- if you live in England and Wales, find a mediation provider in your area\n\n- in Scotland, use the Scottish Mediation Network\n\n- your council or housing association may provide a mediation service\n\n## Complain about noise to the council\n\nYou can ask your local council for help if the neighbour dispute involves an activity that is damaging to health or a nuisance. This is known as a \u2018statutory nuisance\u2019.\n\nThis could include:\n\n- noise (including loud music and barking dogs)\n\n- artificial light (except street lamps)\n\n- dust, steam, smell or insects from business premises\n\n- smoke, fumes or gases\n\n- a build-up of rubbish that could harm health\n\nYour council has a duty to investigate any statutory nuisance.\n\nYou should always try and solve the problem by talking to your neighbour or through mediation before contacting the council.\n\n## Penalties\n\nIf the council decides someone is causing a statutory noise nuisance they must issue a \u2018noise abatement\u2019 order. This tells the person what they must do to stop making a noise nuisance or else face further legal action.\n\nIf someone breaks an abatement order about noise from their home, they can be fined up to \u00a35,000. If it\u2019s noise from a factory or business, the penalty can be up to \u00a320,000.\n\n## High hedges, trees and boundaries\n\nYou must try to settle a dispute about a high hedge informally before the council can intervene.\n\nAsk your council for a complaint form if the hedge is all of these:\n\n- 2 or more mostly evergreen or semi-evergreen trees or shrubs\n\n- over 2 metres tall\n\n- affecting your enjoyment of your home or garden because it\u2019s too tall\n\nYou might have to pay the council a fee to consider your complaint.\n\nRead more about complaining to your council about a high hedge.\n\n## When you can trim hedges or trees\n\nYou can trim branches or roots that cross into your property from a neighbour\u2019s property or a public road.\n\nYou can only trim up to the property boundary. If you do more than this, your neighbour could take you to court for damaging their property.\n\nIf you live in a conservation area, or the trees in the hedge are protected by a \u2018tree preservation order\u2019, you might need your council\u2019s permission to trim them.\n\n## If your property borders a road\n\nThe highways authority can ask you to cut back hedges or trees on your property if they\u2019re causing an obstruction in the road. If you refuse, they can go into your property without your permission to do the work themselves. They may charge you for this.\n\n## Property damage from hedges\n\nYour neighbour is responsible for maintaining their hedges so they do not, for example, damage your property or grow too high. If they do damage your property, your neighbour may be liable.\n\n## Boundaries and shared (\u2018party\u2019) walls\n\nDisputes about what is the exact boundary between 2 properties can be difficult to solve so get legal advice.\n\nYou must give notice to your neighbour if you are going to do work on a shared (\u2018party\u2019) wall.\n\nThe Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) has free advice on boundary disputes and party walls (the walls you share with your neighbours).\n\n## Call the police\n\nYou should call the police if your neighbour:\n\n- is violent, threatening or abusive\n\n- is harassing you sexually, or because of your sexuality, religion or ethnic background\n\n- is breaking the law in any other way - or if you suspect this\n\n## Take action through the courts\n\nIf all else fails, you can take legal action against a neighbour.\n\nTaking someone to court can be expensive so it should be your last resort if nothing else works. There may be court fees and you may have to pay a solicitor.\n\n## Legal advice\n\nYou can get free legal advice from a law centre, advice centre or Citizens Advice.\n\nYou can also find a lawyer who deals with a neighbour disputes.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Follow these steps if you have a dispute with your neighbour.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "
  • Try to solve the problem informally by talking to them.
    • ", + "
  • If your neighbour is a tenant, you could contact their landlord.
    • ", + "
  • You could use a mediation service if raising the issue informally does not work.
    • ", + "
  • If the dispute involves a statutory nuisance (something like loud music or barking dogs), you can make a complaint to your local council.
    • ", + "
  • Contact the police if your neighbour is breaking the law by being violent or harassing you.
    • ", + "
  • As a last resort you can take legal action through the courts.
    • ", + "

    Talk to your neighbour

    ", + "

    Before making a formal complaint or getting others involved, try to discuss the problem with your neighbour.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about approaching them, write a letter, explaining the problem clearly and sticking to the facts.

    ", + "

    If the problem affects other neighbours, involve them as well. It can be easier to settle a dispute if the complaint comes from a number of people.

    ", + "

    A tenants\u2019 association might help if you\u2019re a member of one.

    ", + "

    Get practical advice from Citizens Advice to deal with common neighbour disputes, like noise and rubbish.

    ", + "

    Contact your neighbour's landlord

    ", + "

    If your neighbour is a tenant, you can complain to their landlord. This could be a housing association, the council or a private landlord.

    ", + "

    Use a mediation service

    ", + "

    If you cannot resolve the dispute by speaking to your neighbour, get help from a mediation service.

    ", + "

    How mediation works

    ", + "

    Mediation is when an impartial person - trained in dealing with difficult discussions between 2 opposing sides - acts like a referee in a dispute.

    ", + "

    There can be a fee for mediation, but this will still be cheaper than hiring a solicitor and taking legal action.

    ", + "

    Contact a mediation service

    ", + "

    Mediation services differ depending on where you live:

    ", + "
  • if you live in England and Wales, find a mediation provider in your area
    • ", + "
  • in Scotland, use the Scottish Mediation Network
    • ", + "
  • your council or housing association may provide a mediation service
    • ", + "

    Complain about noise to the council

    ", + "

    You can ask your local council for help if the neighbour dispute involves an activity that is damaging to health or a nuisance. This is known as a \u2018statutory nuisance\u2019.

    ", + "

    This could include:

    ", + "
  • noise (including loud music and barking dogs)
    • ", + "
  • artificial light (except street lamps)
    • ", + "
  • dust, steam, smell or insects from business premises
    • ", + "
  • smoke, fumes or gases
    • ", + "
  • a build-up of rubbish that could harm health
    • ", + "

    Your council has a duty to investigate any statutory nuisance.

    ", + "

    You should always try and solve the problem by talking to your neighbour or through mediation before contacting the council.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    If the council decides someone is causing a statutory noise nuisance they must issue a \u2018noise abatement\u2019 order. This tells the person what they must do to stop making a noise nuisance or else face further legal action.

    ", + "

    If someone breaks an abatement order about noise from their home, they can be fined up to \u00a35,000. If it\u2019s noise from a factory or business, the penalty can be up to \u00a320,000.

    ", + "

    High hedges, trees and boundaries

    ", + "

    You must try to settle a dispute about a high hedge informally before the council can intervene.

    ", + "

    Ask your council for a complaint form if the hedge is all of these:

    ", + "
  • 2 or more mostly evergreen or semi-evergreen trees or shrubs
    • ", + "
  • over 2 metres tall
    • ", + "
  • affecting your enjoyment of your home or garden because it\u2019s too tall
    • ", + "

    You might have to pay the council a fee to consider your complaint.

    ", + "

    Read more about complaining to your council about a high hedge.

    ", + "

    When you can trim hedges or trees

    ", + "

    You can trim branches or roots that cross into your property from a neighbour\u2019s property or a public road.

    ", + "

    You can only trim up to the property boundary. If you do more than this, your neighbour could take you to court for damaging their property.

    ", + "

    If you live in a conservation area, or the trees in the hedge are protected by a \u2018tree preservation order\u2019, you might need your council\u2019s permission to trim them.

    ", + "

    If your property borders a road

    ", + "

    The highways authority can ask you to cut back hedges or trees on your property if they\u2019re causing an obstruction in the road. If you refuse, they can go into your property without your permission to do the work themselves. They may charge you for this.

    ", + "

    Property damage from hedges

    ", + "

    Your neighbour is responsible for maintaining their hedges so they do not, for example, damage your property or grow too high. If they do damage your property, your neighbour may be liable.

    ", + "

    Boundaries and shared (\u2018party\u2019) walls

    ", + "

    Disputes about what is the exact boundary between 2 properties can be difficult to solve so get legal advice.

    ", + "

    You must give notice to your neighbour if you are going to do work on a shared (\u2018party\u2019) wall.

    ", + "

    The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) has free advice on boundary disputes and party walls (the walls you share with your neighbours).

    ", + "

    Call the police

    ", + "

    You should call the police if your neighbour:

    ", + "
  • is violent, threatening or abusive
    • ", + "
  • is harassing you sexually, or because of your sexuality, religion or ethnic background
    • ", + "
  • is breaking the law in any other way - or if you suspect this
    • ", + "

    Take action through the courts

    ", + "

    If all else fails, you can take legal action against a neighbour.

    ", + "

    Taking someone to court can be expensive so it should be your last resort if nothing else works. There may be court fees and you may have to pay a solicitor.

    ", + "

    Legal advice

    ", + "

    You can get free legal advice from a law centre, advice centre or Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    You can also find a lawyer who deals with a neighbour disputes.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/affordable-home-ownership-schemes": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/affordable-home-ownership-schemes", + "title": "Affordable home ownership schemes", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be able to get financial help from the government to buy a home.\n\nYou could get:\n\n- a loan to help with the cost of a new-build home if you\u2019re a first-time buyer (in England and Wales)\n\n- a home through shared ownership (UK wide)\n\nThe Help to Buy ISA scheme closed to new accounts on 30 November 2019. You can still open a Lifetime ISA to save for a first home.\n\n## Buying your council or housing association property\n\nThere are also schemes for council tenants and\nhousing association tenants.\n\n## Help to Buy: Equity Loan\n\nYou can get an equity loan towards the cost of buying a new-build home as a first-time buyer.\n\nThis guidance applies to England. There\u2019s different guidance on how to apply for an equity loan in Scotland and how to apply for an equity loan in Wales.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be:\n\n- 18 or over\n\n- a first-time buyer\n\n- able to afford the fees and interest payments\n\nYou cannot get the equity loan if you have ever:\n\n- owned a home or residential land in the UK or abroad\n\n- had any form of sharia mortgage finance\n\nYou can apply on your own or with other people. All applicants must meet the eligibility criteria.\n\nIf you\u2019re married, in a civil partnership, or cohabiting with your partner (and you plan on continuing to live together), you must make a joint application.\n\n## The property you buy with your equity loan\n\nThe property must be:\n\n- a new-build\n\n- sold by a Help to Buy registered homebuilder\n\n- the only home you own and live in\n\nIt must not have been lived in by anyone before you buy it.\n\nThere\u2019s also a \u2018maximum property purchase price\u2019 limit for the home you buy depending on which region it\u2019s in. You can buy a home up to and including the maximum property purchase price limit.\n\n| Region | Maximum property purchase price |\n\n| North East | \u00a3186,100 |\n\n| North West | \u00a3224,400 |\n\n| Yorkshire and the Humber | \u00a3228,100 |\n\n| East Midlands | \u00a3261,900 |\n\n| West Midlands | \u00a3255,600 |\n\n| East of England | \u00a3407,400 |\n\n| London | \u00a3600,000 |\n\n| South East | \u00a3437,600 |\n\n| South West | \u00a3349,000 |\n\n## How it works\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- pay a minimum deposit of 5% of the property purchase price\n\n- arrange a repayment mortgage of at least 25% of the property purchase price\n\nYou can then borrow an equity loan to cover from 5% and up to 20% of the property purchase price of your newly built home. If the property is in London, you can borrow up to 40%.\n\nThe equity loan percentage you borrow is used to calculate your interest and equity loan repayments.\n\n## Interest payments\n\nYou do not have to pay interest for the first 5 years. In the sixth year, you\u2019ll be charged interest at a rate of 1.75%. This will be applied to the equity loan amount you originally borrowed (the equity loan percentage of the property purchase price). This annual interest is spread over the year in monthly payments.\n\nThe interest rate increases every year in April, by adding the Consumer Price Index (CPI) plus 2%.\n\nYour interest payments will decrease if you make a part repayment of the equity loan. This is because the amount the interest rate is applied to will reduce.\n\n## Fees\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay a monthly management fee of \u00a31 when you take out the equity loan until you pay it off.\n\nIf you change your equity loan, including if you remortgage or make an equity loan repayment, you\u2019ll need to pay administration fees.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay other fees associated with buying and owning a home, for example, legal and mortgage arrangement fees and for market value reports.\n\nPaying interest and fees does not count towards paying back the equity loan. If you do not keep up with payments, you may need to pay recovery costs or interest on the amount you owe.\n\n## Paying back the equity loan\n\nYou can pay back part or all of your equity loan at any time.\n\nRepayments are based on your equity loan percentage and the market value of your home at the time you want to make a repayment.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a market valuation report from a chartered surveyor when you make a repayment.\n\nRead more detailed guidance on repaying your equity loan.\n\n## Paying back part of your equity loan\n\nThe smallest repayment you can make is 10% of the market value of your home.\n\nPaying back part of your equity loan will reduce the monthly interest payments you\u2019ll need to pay from the sixth year of taking out the equity loan.\n\n## Paying back all your equity loan\n\nYou must repay all your equity loan when you:\n\n- reach the end of the equity loan term (normally 25 years)\n\n- pay off your repayment mortgage\n\n- sell your home\n\nYou may also be asked to repay the equity loan in full if you do not keep to the terms and conditions.\n\nIf you sell your home, you\u2019ll pay the equity loan percentage of the market value or agreed sale price if it\u2019s higher.\n\nIf you want to pay off your equity loan and you\u2019ve previously made part repayments, you\u2019ll pay the equity loan percentage you still owe of the market value.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to apply through the Help to Buy agent in the area where you want to buy your home.\n\n## North\n\nFind out how to apply for an equity loan in the north.\n\n## Midlands and London\n\nFind out how to apply for an equity loan in the Midlands and London.\n\n## South (excluding London)\n\nFind out how to apply for an equity loan in the south.\n\nRead the Homebuyers\u2019 guide to Help to Buy: Equity Loan (2021-2023).\n\n## Help to Buy: Equity Loan (2013-2021)\n\nApplications for the 2013 to 2021 scheme are now closed. Read the Homebuyers\u2019 guide to Help to Buy: Equity Loan (2013-2021) for more information.\n\n## Manage your Help to Buy loan\n\nRead guidance on how to:\n\n- remortgage your Help to Buy home\n\n- make structural alterations to your Help to Buy home\n\n- sublet your Help to Buy home\n\n- change ownership of your Help to Buy home\n\n## Buying through shared ownership\n\nWhen you buy a home through a shared ownership scheme you buy a share of the property and pay rent on the rest.\n\nThe share you can buy is usually between 25% and 75%. You can buy a 10% share on some homes.\n\nThere are different rules on:\n\n- shared ownership in Scotland\n\n- shared ownership in Wales\n\n- shared ownership in Northern Ireland\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can buy a home through shared ownership if both of the following apply:\n\n- your household earns \u00a380,000 a year or less (\u00a390,000 a year or less in London)\n\n- you cannot afford all of the deposit and mortgage payments for a home that meets your needs\n\nOne of the following must also be true:\n\n- you\u2019re a first-time buyer\n\n- you used to own a home, but cannot afford to buy one now\n\n- you own a home and want to move but cannot afford a new home suitable for your needs\n\n- you\u2019re forming a new household - for example, after a relationship breakdown\n\n- you\u2019re an existing shared owner and want to move\n\nSome shared ownership homes in a \u2018designated protected area\u2019 are only available to buy if you have a connection to the area. If you buy one of these homes, you:\n\n- may only be able to buy a share of up to 80%\n\n- must sell it back to the landlord or a buyer nominated by the landlord - you cannot sell your home on the open market\n\n## If you own a home\n\nWhen you apply for shared ownership you must have:\n\n- accepted an offer for the sale of your current home (called \u2018sold subject to contract\u2019 or \u2018STC\u2019)\n\n- written confirmation of the sale agreed (called a \u2018memorandum of sale\u2019) including the price and your intention to sell\n\nYou must have completed the sale of your home on or before the date you complete your shared ownership purchase.\n\n## How it works\n\nShared ownership properties are always leasehold properties.\n\n## Older people\n\nIf you\u2019re aged 55 or over you can buy up to 75% of your home through the Older People\u2019s Shared Ownership (OPSO) scheme. Once you own 75% you will not pay rent on the rest.\n\n## Disabled people\n\nYou can apply for a scheme called home ownership for people with a long-term disability (HOLD) if other Help to Buy scheme properties do not meet your needs, for example you need a ground-floor property.\n\n## Buying more shares\n\nYou can buy more of your home after you become the owner. This is known as \u2018staircasing\u2019.\n\nYou can buy shares of 5% or more at any time.\n\nIf you bought your house in 2021 you may also be able to buy shares of 1% each year for the first 15 years. Ask your landlord if this applies to you. You cannot buy shares of 2%, 3% or 4%.\n\nThe cost of your new share will depend on how much your home is worth when you want to buy the share.\n\nIt will cost:\n\n- more than your first share if property prices in your area have gone up\n\n- less than your first share if property prices in your area have gone down\n\nIf you want to buy a share of 5% or more, you\u2019ll need to pay for a valuation by a surveyor. Your landlord will let you know whether they\u2019ll arrange the valuation or you need to arrange it yourself. The surveyor must be registered with the\u202fRoyal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS). Your landlord will tell you the price of the share after the valuation.\n\nIf you want to buy a 1% share, the price will be based on the original price of your house, increased or decreased in line with the House Price Index (HPI). Your landlord will give you a HPI valuation at least once a year and whenever you ask to buy a 1% share.\n\n## Selling your home\n\nIf you own a share of your home, the landlord has the right to find a buyer for your home. The landlord also has the right to buy it first (known as \u2018first option to buy\u2019 or \u2018pre-emption\u2019).\n\nYou can sell your share yourself if the landlord does not find a buyer and they do not want to buy it themselves.\n\nIf you own 100% of your home, you can sell it yourself.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo buy a shared ownership home, you need to register with the Help to Buy agent in the area where you want to live.\n\n## North\n\nFind out how to register and apply for shared ownership in the north.\n\n## Midlands and London\n\nFind out how to register and apply for shared ownership in the Midlands and London.\n\n## South (excluding London)\n\nFind out how to register and apply for shared ownership in the south.\n\n## Help to Buy ISA\n\nYou can no longer open a Help to Buy ISA.\n\n## If you already have a Help to Buy ISA\n\nYou can pay in up to \u00a3200 each month.\n\nThe government will top up your savings by 25% (up to \u00a33,000) when you buy your first home.\n\nIf you are buying with someone who also has a Help to Buy ISA, both of you will get the 25% bonus.\n\nYou can pay into the ISA until November 2029. You can claim the 25% bonus until November 2030.\n\n## When you buy your property\n\nThe home you buy must:\n\n- have a purchase price of up to \u00a3250,000 (or up to \u00a3450,000 in London)\n\n- be the only home you own\n\n- be where you intend to live\n\nYour solicitor or conveyancer will apply for the extra 25%.\n\nYou do not have to pay it back.\n\nYou can use the scheme with an equity loan.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to get financial help from the government to buy a home.

    ", + "

    You could get:

    ", + "
  • a loan to help with the cost of a new-build home if you\u2019re a first-time buyer (in England and Wales)
    • ", + "
  • a home through shared ownership (UK wide)
    • ", + "

    The Help to Buy ISA scheme closed to new accounts on 30 November 2019. You can still open a Lifetime ISA to save for a first home.

    ", + "

    Buying your council or housing association property

    ", + "

    There are also schemes for council tenants and\nhousing association tenants.

    ", + "

    Help to Buy: Equity Loan

    ", + "

    You can get an equity loan towards the cost of buying a new-build home as a first-time buyer.

    ", + "

    This guidance applies to England. There\u2019s different guidance on how to apply for an equity loan in Scotland and how to apply for an equity loan in Wales.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must be:

    ", + "
  • 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • a first-time buyer
    • ", + "
  • able to afford the fees and interest payments
    • ", + "

    You cannot get the equity loan if you have ever:

    ", + "
  • owned a home or residential land in the UK or abroad
    • ", + "
  • had any form of sharia mortgage finance
    • ", + "

    You can apply on your own or with other people. All applicants must meet the eligibility criteria.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re married, in a civil partnership, or cohabiting with your partner (and you plan on continuing to live together), you must make a joint application.

    ", + "

    The property you buy with your equity loan

    ", + "

    The property must be:

    ", + "
  • a new-build
    • ", + "
  • sold by a Help to Buy registered homebuilder
    • ", + "
  • the only home you own and live in
    • ", + "

    It must not have been lived in by anyone before you buy it.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s also a \u2018maximum property purchase price\u2019 limit for the home you buy depending on which region it\u2019s in. You can buy a home up to and including the maximum property purchase price limit.

    ", + "Region | Maximum property purchase price", + "North East | \u00a3186,100", + "North West | \u00a3224,400", + "Yorkshire and the Humber | \u00a3228,100", + "East Midlands | \u00a3261,900", + "West Midlands | \u00a3255,600", + "East of England | \u00a3407,400", + "London | \u00a3600,000", + "South East | \u00a3437,600", + "South West | \u00a3349,000", + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • pay a minimum deposit of 5% of the property purchase price
    • ", + "
  • arrange a repayment mortgage of at least 25% of the property purchase price
    • ", + "

    You can then borrow an equity loan to cover from 5% and up to 20% of the property purchase price of your newly built home. If the property is in London, you can borrow up to 40%.

    ", + "

    The equity loan percentage you borrow is used to calculate your interest and equity loan repayments.

    ", + "

    Interest payments

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay interest for the first 5 years. In the sixth year, you\u2019ll be charged interest at a rate of 1.75%. This will be applied to the equity loan amount you originally borrowed (the equity loan percentage of the property purchase price). This annual interest is spread over the year in monthly payments.

    ", + "

    The interest rate increases every year in April, by adding the Consumer Price Index (CPI) plus 2%.

    ", + "

    Your interest payments will decrease if you make a part repayment of the equity loan. This is because the amount the interest rate is applied to will reduce.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay a monthly management fee of \u00a31 when you take out the equity loan until you pay it off.

    ", + "

    If you change your equity loan, including if you remortgage or make an equity loan repayment, you\u2019ll need to pay administration fees.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay other fees associated with buying and owning a home, for example, legal and mortgage arrangement fees and for market value reports.

    ", + "

    Paying interest and fees does not count towards paying back the equity loan. If you do not keep up with payments, you may need to pay recovery costs or interest on the amount you owe.

    ", + "

    Paying back the equity loan

    ", + "

    You can pay back part or all of your equity loan at any time.

    ", + "

    Repayments are based on your equity loan percentage and the market value of your home at the time you want to make a repayment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get a market valuation report from a chartered surveyor when you make a repayment.

    ", + "

    Read more detailed guidance on repaying your equity loan.

    ", + "

    Paying back part of your equity loan

    ", + "

    The smallest repayment you can make is 10% of the market value of your home.

    ", + "

    Paying back part of your equity loan will reduce the monthly interest payments you\u2019ll need to pay from the sixth year of taking out the equity loan.

    ", + "

    Paying back all your equity loan

    ", + "

    You must repay all your equity loan when you:

    ", + "
  • reach the end of the equity loan term (normally 25 years)
    • ", + "
  • pay off your repayment mortgage
    • ", + "
  • sell your home
    • ", + "

    You may also be asked to repay the equity loan in full if you do not keep to the terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    If you sell your home, you\u2019ll pay the equity loan percentage of the market value or agreed sale price if it\u2019s higher.

    ", + "

    If you want to pay off your equity loan and you\u2019ve previously made part repayments, you\u2019ll pay the equity loan percentage you still owe of the market value.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You need to apply through the Help to Buy agent in the area where you want to buy your home.

    ", + "

    North

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for an equity loan in the north.

    ", + "

    Midlands and London

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for an equity loan in the Midlands and London.

    ", + "

    South (excluding London)

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for an equity loan in the south.

    ", + "

    Read the Homebuyers\u2019 guide to Help to Buy: Equity Loan (2021-2023).

    ", + "

    Help to Buy: Equity Loan (2013-2021)

    ", + "

    Applications for the 2013 to 2021 scheme are now closed. Read the Homebuyers\u2019 guide to Help to Buy: Equity Loan (2013-2021) for more information.

    ", + "

    Manage your Help to Buy loan

    ", + "

    Read guidance on how to:

    ", + "
  • remortgage your Help to Buy home
    • ", + "
  • make structural alterations to your Help to Buy home
    • ", + "
  • sublet your Help to Buy home
    • ", + "
  • change ownership of your Help to Buy home
    • ", + "

    Buying through shared ownership

    ", + "

    When you buy a home through a shared ownership scheme you buy a share of the property and pay rent on the rest.

    ", + "

    The share you can buy is usually between 25% and 75%. You can buy a 10% share on some homes.

    ", + "

    There are different rules on:

    ", + "
  • shared ownership in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • shared ownership in Wales
    • ", + "
  • shared ownership in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can buy a home through shared ownership if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your household earns \u00a380,000 a year or less (\u00a390,000 a year or less in London)
    • ", + "
  • you cannot afford all of the deposit and mortgage payments for a home that meets your needs
    • ", + "

    One of the following must also be true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a first-time buyer
    • ", + "
  • you used to own a home, but cannot afford to buy one now
    • ", + "
  • you own a home and want to move but cannot afford a new home suitable for your needs
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re forming a new household - for example, after a relationship breakdown
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an existing shared owner and want to move
    • ", + "

    Some shared ownership homes in a \u2018designated protected area\u2019 are only available to buy if you have a connection to the area. If you buy one of these homes, you:

    ", + "
  • may only be able to buy a share of up to 80%
    • ", + "
  • must sell it back to the landlord or a buyer nominated by the landlord - you cannot sell your home on the open market
    • ", + "

    If you own a home

    ", + "

    When you apply for shared ownership you must have:

    ", + "
  • accepted an offer for the sale of your current home (called \u2018sold subject to contract\u2019 or \u2018STC\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • written confirmation of the sale agreed (called a \u2018memorandum of sale\u2019) including the price and your intention to sell
    • ", + "

    You must have completed the sale of your home on or before the date you complete your shared ownership purchase.

    ", + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    Shared ownership properties are always leasehold properties.

    ", + "

    Older people

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re aged 55 or over you can buy up to 75% of your home through the Older People\u2019s Shared Ownership (OPSO) scheme. Once you own 75% you will not pay rent on the rest.

    ", + "

    Disabled people

    ", + "

    You can apply for a scheme called home ownership for people with a long-term disability (HOLD) if other Help to Buy scheme properties do not meet your needs, for example you need a ground-floor property.

    ", + "

    Buying more shares

    ", + "

    You can buy more of your home after you become the owner. This is known as \u2018staircasing\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can buy shares of 5% or more at any time.

    ", + "

    If you bought your house in 2021 you may also be able to buy shares of 1% each year for the first 15 years. Ask your landlord if this applies to you. You cannot buy shares of 2%, 3% or 4%.

    ", + "

    The cost of your new share will depend on how much your home is worth when you want to buy the share.

    ", + "

    It will cost:

    ", + "
  • more than your first share if property prices in your area have gone up
    • ", + "
  • less than your first share if property prices in your area have gone down
    • ", + "

    If you want to buy a share of 5% or more, you\u2019ll need to pay for a valuation by a surveyor. Your landlord will let you know whether they\u2019ll arrange the valuation or you need to arrange it yourself. The surveyor must be registered with the\u202fRoyal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS). Your landlord will tell you the price of the share after the valuation.

    ", + "

    If you want to buy a 1% share, the price will be based on the original price of your house, increased or decreased in line with the House Price Index (HPI). Your landlord will give you a HPI valuation at least once a year and whenever you ask to buy a 1% share.

    ", + "

    Selling your home

    ", + "

    If you own a share of your home, the landlord has the right to find a buyer for your home. The landlord also has the right to buy it first (known as \u2018first option to buy\u2019 or \u2018pre-emption\u2019).

    ", + "

    You can sell your share yourself if the landlord does not find a buyer and they do not want to buy it themselves.

    ", + "

    If you own 100% of your home, you can sell it yourself.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To buy a shared ownership home, you need to register with the Help to Buy agent in the area where you want to live.

    ", + "

    North

    ", + "

    Find out how to register and apply for shared ownership in the north.

    ", + "

    Midlands and London

    ", + "

    Find out how to register and apply for shared ownership in the Midlands and London.

    ", + "

    South (excluding London)

    ", + "

    Find out how to register and apply for shared ownership in the south.

    ", + "

    Help to Buy ISA

    ", + "

    You can no longer open a Help to Buy ISA.

    ", + "

    If you already have a Help to Buy ISA

    ", + "

    You can pay in up to \u00a3200 each month.

    ", + "

    The government will top up your savings by 25% (up to \u00a33,000) when you buy your first home.

    ", + "

    If you are buying with someone who also has a Help to Buy ISA, both of you will get the 25% bonus.

    ", + "

    You can pay into the ISA until November 2029. You can claim the 25% bonus until November 2030.

    ", + "

    When you buy your property

    ", + "

    The home you buy must:

    ", + "
  • have a purchase price of up to \u00a3250,000 (or up to \u00a3450,000 in London)
    • ", + "
  • be the only home you own
    • ", + "
  • be where you intend to live
    • ", + "

    Your solicitor or conveyancer will apply for the extra 25%.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay it back.

    ", + "

    You can use the scheme with an equity loan.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "title": "Buying or selling your home", + "content": "## Overview\n\nBuying or selling a home normally takes 2 to 3 months. The process can take longer if you\u2019re part of a chain of buyers and sellers.\n\nThere are several steps you\u2019ll need to follow:\n\n- sellers must provide an Energy Performance Certificate for the property\n\n- if a seller is using an estate agent, potential buyers must make any offers through the agent\n\n- once a buyer\u2019s offer has been accepted, the seller\u2019s responsible for drawing up a legal contract to transfer ownership\n\n- an offer is not legally binding until contracts are exchanged\n\n- depending on the amount given for property, the buyer may have to pay tax\n\nThis guide relates to England and Wales. Shelter has advice about buying and selling a home in Scotland.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying property with someone else\n\nYou can own a home with up to 3 other people. Find out more about the different types of joint property ownership.\n\n## Energy Performance Certificates\n\nEnergy Performance Certificates (EPCs) are needed whenever a property is:\n\n- built\n\n- sold\n\n- rented\n\nYou must order an EPC for potential buyers and tenants before you market your property to sell or rent.\n\nIn Scotland, you must display the EPC somewhere in the property, for example in the meter cupboard or next to the boiler.\n\nAn EPC contains:\n\n- information about a property\u2019s energy use and typical energy costs\n\n- recommendations about how to reduce energy use and save money\n\nAn EPC gives a property an energy efficiency rating from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient) and is valid for 10 years.\n\nCheck how you could make your home more energy efficient using the Energy Savings Trust\u2019s home energy check.\n\n## How to get an EPC\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find an accredited assessor if you\u2019re selling or renting out your home in:\n\n- England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\n- Scotland\n\nThey\u2019ll assess your property and produce the certificate.\n\nYou can be fined if you do not get an EPC when you need one.\n\nThe person selling the house, the landlord or the letting agent must show you the EPC if you\u2019re buying or renting.\n\n## Buildings that do not need an EPC\n\nThese include:\n\n- places of worship\n\n- temporary buildings that will be used for less than 2 years\n\n- stand-alone buildings with total useful floor space of less than 50 square metres\n\n- industrial sites, workshops and non-residential agricultural buildings that do not use a lot of energy\n\n- some buildings that are due to be demolished\n\n- holiday accommodation that\u2019s rented out for less than 4 months a year or is let under a licence to occupy\n\n- listed buildings - you should get advice from your local authority conservation officer if the work would alter the building\u2019s character\n\n- residential buildings intended to be used less than 4 months a year\n\n## See other properties\u2019 EPCs\n\nYou can look at the EPCs of other properties free of charge. This lets you compare your home\u2019s energy performance with that of similar homes. You can search by the property\u2019s address or by the EPC\u2019s report reference number..\n\nYou can opt out of the EPC register if you do not want other people to be able to see your EPC.\n\n## Estate agents\n\nYou must sign a legally binding contract with an estate agent if you use one to sell your home.\n\nYou must stick to the terms of the contract or you could be taken to court.\n\nEstate agents must also treat buyers fairly. They must show any offers promptly and in writing to the person selling the house.\n\nEstate agents are also legally obliged to pass on any other offers for the property right up to when contracts are exchanged.\n\n## Complain about an estate agent\n\nYou must complain to the estate agent first and give them a fair chance to sort out your complaint. If they do not, you can complain to one of the following schemes:\n\n- The Property Ombudsman\n\n- Property Redress Scheme\n\nAsk the estate agent which scheme they belong to.\n\n## Offers\n\nA buyer must make an offer through the estate agent if a home is sold through one.\n\nA buyer can make their offer directly to the seller for a private sale.\n\nBuyers can make offers verbally (over the phone or in person) or in writing.\n\nAn offer is not legally binding in England and Wales until contracts are exchanged.\n\nIf a buyer makes an offer \u2018subject to contract\u2019, this means the price can still be negotiated (for example if a survey finds a problem with the property).\n\nThe law is different if you\u2019re making an offer for property in Scotland.\n\n## Transferring ownership (conveyancing)\n\n## Once the offer is accepted\n\nThe seller is responsible for drawing up a legal contract to transfer ownership.\n\nThe contract contains details about:\n\n- the sale price\n\n- the property boundaries\n\n- which fixtures and fittings (like carpets and kitchen units) are included\n\n- any legal restrictions or rights, like public footpaths or rules about using the property\n\n- any planning restrictions\n\n- services to the property, like drainage and gas\n\n- when the sale will complete\n\nIf the seller has hired a solicitor or conveyancer, they will:\n\n- draft the initial contract\n\n- answer questions from the buyer\u2019s solicitor or conveyancer (with the seller\u2019s help)\n\n- negotiate the details of the contract if necessary\n\n## Exchanging contracts\n\nWhen the buyer and seller are happy with the contract, both sides sign final copies and send them to each other.\n\nThe agreement to sell and buy is legally binding once this happens. Usually neither party can pull out without paying compensation.\n\n## Completion\n\nOnce you exchange contracts and deal with any remaining checks the buyer has asked for:\n\n- The money is transferred from the buyer to the seller.\n\n- The legal documents needed to transfer ownership are handed over to the buyer.\n\n- The seller moves out and leaves the property in the state agreed in the contract.\n\n- The seller hands over the keys to the buyer.\n\n- The property now belongs to the buyer.\n\nCitizens Advice has more advice about buying or selling your home.\n\n## Tax\n\nYou may need to pay:\n\n- Stamp Duty Land Tax when you buy a home in England\n\n- Land Transaction Tax when you buy a home in Wales\n\n- Capital Gains Tax when you sell a home\n\n## Stamp Duty Land Tax\n\n## If you buy between 8 July 2020 and 30 June 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3500,000 for the property.\n\n## If you buy between 1 July 2021 and 30 September 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3250,000 for the property.\n\n## If you buy from 1 October 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3125,000 for the property. This threshold also applies to any property bought before 8 July 2020.\n\nYou still have to pay if you swap something of economic value for a property, for example shares or another property.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying your first home\n\nFrom 1 July 2021 you do not have to pay SDLT if the property is \u00a3300,000 or less.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it\n\n- you have not let part of it out or used part of it for business only\n\n- the grounds, including the buildings, are smaller than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre)\n\nThis is because you automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief. You do not need to do anything.\n\nIf you do not meet all these criteria you may have to pay some Capital Gains Tax.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Buying or selling a home normally takes 2 to 3 months. The process can take longer if you\u2019re part of a chain of buyers and sellers.

    ", + "

    There are several steps you\u2019ll need to follow:

    ", + "
  • sellers must provide an Energy Performance Certificate for the property
    • ", + "
  • if a seller is using an estate agent, potential buyers must make any offers through the agent
    • ", + "
  • once a buyer\u2019s offer has been accepted, the seller\u2019s responsible for drawing up a legal contract to transfer ownership
    • ", + "
  • an offer is not legally binding until contracts are exchanged
    • ", + "
  • depending on the amount given for property, the buyer may have to pay tax
    • ", + "

    This guide relates to England and Wales. Shelter has advice about buying and selling a home in Scotland.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying property with someone else

    ", + "

    You can own a home with up to 3 other people. Find out more about the different types of joint property ownership.

    ", + "

    Energy Performance Certificates

    ", + "

    Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) are needed whenever a property is:

    ", + "
  • built
    • ", + "
  • sold
    • ", + "
  • rented
    • ", + "

    You must order an EPC for potential buyers and tenants before you market your property to sell or rent.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, you must display the EPC somewhere in the property, for example in the meter cupboard or next to the boiler.

    ", + "

    An EPC contains:

    ", + "
  • information about a property\u2019s energy use and typical energy costs
    • ", + "
  • recommendations about how to reduce energy use and save money
    • ", + "

    An EPC gives a property an energy efficiency rating from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient) and is valid for 10 years.

    ", + "

    Check how you could make your home more energy efficient using the Energy Savings Trust\u2019s home energy check.

    ", + "

    How to get an EPC

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to find an accredited assessor if you\u2019re selling or renting out your home in:

    ", + "
  • England, Wales and Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Scotland
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll assess your property and produce the certificate.

    ", + "

    You can be fined if you do not get an EPC when you need one.

    ", + "

    The person selling the house, the landlord or the letting agent must show you the EPC if you\u2019re buying or renting.

    ", + "

    Buildings that do not need an EPC

    ", + "

    These include:

    ", + "
  • places of worship
    • ", + "
  • temporary buildings that will be used for less than 2 years
    • ", + "
  • stand-alone buildings with total useful floor space of less than 50 square metres
    • ", + "
  • industrial sites, workshops and non-residential agricultural buildings that do not use a lot of energy
    • ", + "
  • some buildings that are due to be demolished
    • ", + "
  • holiday accommodation that\u2019s rented out for less than 4 months a year or is let under a licence to occupy
    • ", + "
  • listed buildings - you should get advice from your local authority conservation officer if the work would alter the building\u2019s character
    • ", + "
  • residential buildings intended to be used less than 4 months a year
    • ", + "

    See other properties\u2019 EPCs

    ", + "

    You can look at the EPCs of other properties free of charge. This lets you compare your home\u2019s energy performance with that of similar homes. You can search by the property\u2019s address or by the EPC\u2019s report reference number..

    ", + "

    You can opt out of the EPC register if you do not want other people to be able to see your EPC.

    ", + "

    Estate agents

    ", + "

    You must sign a legally binding contract with an estate agent if you use one to sell your home.

    ", + "

    You must stick to the terms of the contract or you could be taken to court.

    ", + "

    Estate agents must also treat buyers fairly. They must show any offers promptly and in writing to the person selling the house.

    ", + "

    Estate agents are also legally obliged to pass on any other offers for the property right up to when contracts are exchanged.

    ", + "

    Complain about an estate agent

    ", + "

    You must complain to the estate agent first and give them a fair chance to sort out your complaint. If they do not, you can complain to one of the following schemes:

    ", + "
  • The Property Ombudsman
    • ", + "
  • Property Redress Scheme
    • ", + "

    Ask the estate agent which scheme they belong to.

    ", + "

    Offers

    ", + "

    A buyer must make an offer through the estate agent if a home is sold through one.

    ", + "

    A buyer can make their offer directly to the seller for a private sale.

    ", + "

    Buyers can make offers verbally (over the phone or in person) or in writing.

    ", + "

    An offer is not legally binding in England and Wales until contracts are exchanged.

    ", + "

    If a buyer makes an offer \u2018subject to contract\u2019, this means the price can still be negotiated (for example if a survey finds a problem with the property).

    ", + "

    The law is different if you\u2019re making an offer for property in Scotland.

    ", + "

    Transferring ownership (conveyancing)

    ", + "

    Once the offer is accepted

    ", + "

    The seller is responsible for drawing up a legal contract to transfer ownership.

    ", + "

    The contract contains details about:

    ", + "
  • the sale price
    • ", + "
  • the property boundaries
    • ", + "
  • which fixtures and fittings (like carpets and kitchen units) are included
    • ", + "
  • any legal restrictions or rights, like public footpaths or rules about using the property
    • ", + "
  • any planning restrictions
    • ", + "
  • services to the property, like drainage and gas
    • ", + "
  • when the sale will complete
    • ", + "

    If the seller has hired a solicitor or conveyancer, they will:

    ", + "
  • draft the initial contract
    • ", + "
  • answer questions from the buyer\u2019s solicitor or conveyancer (with the seller\u2019s help)
    • ", + "
  • negotiate the details of the contract if necessary
    • ", + "

    Exchanging contracts

    ", + "

    When the buyer and seller are happy with the contract, both sides sign final copies and send them to each other.

    ", + "

    The agreement to sell and buy is legally binding once this happens. Usually neither party can pull out without paying compensation.

    ", + "

    Completion

    ", + "

    Once you exchange contracts and deal with any remaining checks the buyer has asked for:

    ", + "
  • The money is transferred from the buyer to the seller.
    • ", + "
  • The legal documents needed to transfer ownership are handed over to the buyer.
    • ", + "
  • The seller moves out and leaves the property in the state agreed in the contract.
    • ", + "
  • The seller hands over the keys to the buyer.
    • ", + "
  • The property now belongs to the buyer.
    • ", + "

    Citizens Advice has more advice about buying or selling your home.

    ", + "

    Tax

    ", + "

    You may need to pay:

    ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Land Tax when you buy a home in England
    • ", + "
  • Land Transaction Tax when you buy a home in Wales
    • ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax when you sell a home
    • ", + "

    Stamp Duty Land Tax

    ", + "

    If you buy between 8 July 2020 and 30 June 2021

    ", + "

    You pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3500,000 for the property.

    ", + "

    If you buy between 1 July 2021 and 30 September 2021

    ", + "

    You pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3250,000 for the property.

    ", + "

    If you buy from 1 October 2021

    ", + "

    You pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3125,000 for the property. This threshold also applies to any property bought before 8 July 2020.

    ", + "

    You still have to pay if you swap something of economic value for a property, for example shares or another property.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying your first home

    ", + "

    From 1 July 2021 you do not have to pay SDLT if the property is \u00a3300,000 or less.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it
    • ", + "
  • you have not let part of it out or used part of it for business only
    • ", + "
  • the grounds, including the buildings, are smaller than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre)
    • ", + "

    This is because you automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief. You do not need to do anything.

    ", + "

    If you do not meet all these criteria you may have to pay some Capital Gains Tax.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/claim-compensation-if-affected-by-hs2": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-compensation-if-affected-by-hs2", + "title": "Claim compensation if your property is affected by HS2", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be able to sell your property to the government at its market (\u2018unblighted\u2019) value or receive a lump-sum payment if it\u2019s near the proposed High Speed Two (HS2) route.\n\nThe property scheme you\u2019re eligible for depends on the location of your property and which phase of HS2 affects you.\n\n## Check your location\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find out if your property is:\n\n- in the safeguarded area\n\n- in the rural support zone\n\n- in the homeowner payment zone\n\n- outside the zones\n\nCheck the route for HS2 Phase 1, HS2 Phase 2a or HS2 Phase 2b to see if your property is in one of these zones.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a safeguarded area\n\nYou can apply through one of the following:\n\n- Express Purchase Scheme\n\n- Need to Sell Scheme\n\n## If you\u2019re in a rural support zone\n\nYou can apply through one of the following:\n\n- Cash Offer or Voluntary Purchase Scheme\n\n- Need to Sell Scheme\n\n## If you\u2019re in a homeowner payment zone (Phase 1)\n\nYou can apply for the Homeowner Payment Scheme.\n\nYou cannot apply yet if you\u2019re affected by phases 2a or 2b.\n\n## If you cannot sell your property because of HS2\n\nYou can apply for the Need to Sell Scheme if your property is affected but:\n\n- it\u2019s outside the zones and safeguarded area\n\n- it is not covered by a scheme\n\n## Rent Back\n\nYou can apply to rent and continue living in the property if you sell it to the government under one of these schemes.\n\n## Contact HS2\n\nContact HS2 if you have any questions, for example about what scheme you should apply to or the application process.\n\nYou can complain to HS2 about your application, for example if you think the decision is taking too long.\n\n## Express Purchase Scheme\n\nYou can sell your property to the government through the Express Purchase Scheme if either:\n\n- your house or 25% of the total area of your property is inside the area marked \u2018surface safeguarding\u2019 on the \u2018safeguarding maps\u2019\n\n- your property was in the safeguarding area (called the \u2018Extended Homeowner Protection Zone\u2019) but has since been removed - check with HS2 whether you qualify\n\nYou can still apply to sell your property with a \u2018blight notice\u2019 if you do not qualify for Express Purchase - but the government will only buy your property if it\u2019s needed for the construction of HS2.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou must be the owner occupier of a residential, agricultural or commercial property, or their \u2018personal representative\u2019 if they\u2019ve died, for example the executor of their will.\n\nMortgage lenders (for example banks and building societies) in vacant possession of a qualifying property can apply.\n\nYour commercial property will not qualify for Express Purchase or under a blight notice if it has a rateable value of \u00a336,000 or more (\u00a344,200 inside Greater London).\n\nAn owner occupier must:\n\n- be the freeholder or a leaseholder with at least 3 years left on the lease\n\n- be living in or running a business from the property or have done so for at least 6 months in the last 18 months if the property\u2019s currently empty\n\nYou can get advice from a chartered surveyor about your eligibility.\n\nRead full guidance on eligibility.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nIf you qualify the government will:\n\n- buy your property at its open market value as if HS2 was not going to be being built (known as \u2018unblighted\u2019 value)\n\n- give you a \u2018home loss\u2019 payment equal to 10% of the property\u2019s open market value (up to \u00a364,000)\n\n- pay reasonable expenses, for example stamp duty, surveyors\u2019 and legal fees, and removal costs\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must complete the correct blight notice to apply for Express Purchase.\n\nYou must include original or certified copies of:\n\n- proof of ownership, for example Land Registry title\n\n- proof the property was occupied for 6 months of the last 18 months, for example utility bills covering at least 6 months\n\n- business rates bills, if you\u2019re applying for a commercial property\n\n- plans of the property, for example Land Registry plans showing the property boundaries\n\n- proof of representation, if applicable, for example power of attorney\n\nIf you\u2019re sending a blight notice but do not qualify for Express Purchase, include a description of what you\u2019ve done to sell the property, for example copies of correspondence with estate agents.\n\nEmail your completed application to HS2 with your supporting documents.\n\nYou can also send your notice and supporting evidence by registered post.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 2 months.\n\nYou have up to 3 years to accept the offer if your application\u2019s accepted.\n\n## Track your application online\n\nHS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.\n\nYou can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.\n\nIf you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.\n\n## Complaints\n\nFollow HS2\u2019s complaints procedure if you want to complain about the service you received, for example about how long it took to reach a decision on your application or the result.\n\n## Exceptional Hardship Scheme (Phase 2b)\n\nThe Exceptional Hardship Scheme has now closed.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already applied\n\nIf you have not received a decision, your application will automatically be transferred to the Need to Sell Scheme.\n\nIf you\u2019ve received a decision and were successful, the purchase of your property will not be affected by the closure of the scheme.\n\nIf you were unsuccessful, you may now be eligible for one of the other compensation schemes.\n\n## Complaints\n\nFollow HS2\u2019s complaints procedure if you want to complain about the service you received, for example how long it took to reach a decision on your application.\n\n## Need to Sell Scheme\n\nYou may be able to sell your property to the government through the Need to Sell Scheme if you have a \u2018compelling reason\u2019 to sell but cannot as a direct result of the announcement of the HS2 route.\n\nCompelling reasons include unemployment, relocation for a new job or ill health - but each application is judged on its merits.\n\n## Before you apply\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible to ask the government to buy your property through:\n\n- statutory blight\n\n- the Express Purchase Scheme\n\n- the Cash Offer or Voluntary Purchase Scheme\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou must be one of the following:\n\n- the owner occupier of a residential, agricultural or commercial property\n\n- the \u2018personal representative\u2019 of the owner occupier if they\u2019ve died, for example the executor of their will\n\n- a \u2018reluctant landlord\u2019 (renting out your property because you cannot sell it)\n\nMortgage lenders (such as banks and building societies) in vacant possession of a qualifying property can apply.\n\nYour commercial property will not qualify for the Need to Sell Scheme if it has a rateable value of \u00a336,000 or more (\u00a344,200 inside Greater London).\n\nAn owner occupier must:\n\n- be the freeholder or a leaseholder with at least 3 years left on the lease\n\n- be living in or running a business from the property or have done so for at least 6 months in the last 18 months if the property\u2019s currently empty\n\nRead full guidance on eligibility.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit evidence that you meet all 5 criteria:\n\n- property type\n\n- location\n\n- effort to sell\n\n- no prior knowledge\n\n- compelling reason to sell\n\n## Property type\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that the property is owner occupied, you\u2019re the personal representative, or you\u2019re acting as a \u2018reluctant landlord\u2019 who has had to rent out the property as a result of HS2.\n\n## Location\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that your property is close enough to the route that it\u2019s likely to be substantially affected by HS2\u2019s construction or operation. There is no fixed distance.\n\n## Effort to sell\n\nYou\u2019ve tried to sell the property without success for at least 3 months.\n\n## No prior knowledge\n\nYou must either:\n\n- have bought or signed a lease before the publication of the HS2 route section closest to your property\n\n- show why you could not have known about the initial proposed route, for example if the searches relating to the purchase were done before the route was announced, but the purchase was completed after\n\n## Compelling reason to sell\n\nYou must give evidence of a compelling reason to sell your property now, or that you would be placed under an unreasonable burden if you were unable to sell your property in the next 3 years.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nThe government will agree to buy your property for 100% of the unblighted open market value if your application is successful.\n\nThe government will not cover additional costs, such as legal fees or removal costs.\n\n## Apply\n\nDownload the guidance and fill in the application form.\n\nSend it to the address on the form, along with your supporting evidence.\n\n## Track your application online\n\nHS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.\n\nYou can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.\n\nIf you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.\n\n## If you\u2019re not happy with the result\n\nYou can reapply if your application is rejected, giving extra information to explain why you think the decision was wrong.\n\n## Complaints\n\nFollow HS2\u2019s complaints procedure if you want to complain about the service you received, for example how long it took to reach a decision on your application.\n\n## Cash Offer or Voluntary Purchase Scheme\n\nYou may be able to apply for a Cash Offer if you do not want to sell your home and it\u2019s in a rural support zone.\n\nAlternatively, you can ask the government to purchase your property for its full open market value (known as \u2018unblighted\u2019 value) under the Voluntary Purchase Scheme.\n\nCash Offer and the Voluntary Purchase Scheme only apply to properties in rural support zones. Check the Phase 1 or Phase 2 maps to see if your property is in a rural support zone.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYour house or 25% of the total area of your property must be in the rural support zone (generally 60 to 120 metres from the route).\n\nYou must be the owner occupier of a residential, agricultural or commercial property.\n\nMortgage lenders (for example banks and building societies) can also apply for the Voluntary Purchase Scheme.\n\nYour commercial property will not qualify for Cash Offer or the Voluntary Purchase Scheme if it has a rateable value of \u00a336,000 or more (\u00a344,200 inside Greater London).\n\nAn owner occupier must:\n\n- be the freeholder or a leaseholder with at least 3 years left on the lease\n\n- be living in or running a business from the property, or have done so for at least 6 months in the last 18 months if the property is currently empty\n\n- have bought or entered into a lease of the property before the initial preferred routes of Phases 1, 2a or 2b were announced - or show why they could not have known about it, for example if the searches relating to the purchase were undertaken before this date, but the purchase itself was completed afterwards\n\nRead the full guidance on eligibility.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\n## Cash offer\n\nThe cash offer is a lump-sum payment of 10% of the unblighted open market value of your property (from a minimum of \u00a330,000 to a maximum of \u00a3100,000).\n\nThe government will cover your legal fees up to \u00a3500 (plus VAT) if your application is successful.\n\n## Voluntary purchase\n\nIf you qualify, the government will pay 100% of the unblighted open market value, as assessed by 2 independent valuers.\n\nThe government will not cover additional costs, for example legal fees or removal costs.\n\n## Apply\n\nDownload the guidance and fill in the application form.\n\nSend it to the address on the form, along with your supporting evidence.\n\n## Track your application online\n\nHS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.\n\nYou can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.\n\nIf you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.\n\n## Complaints\n\nFollow HS2\u2019s complaints procedure if you want to complain about the service you received, for example about how long it took to reach a decision on your application or the result.\n\n## Homeowner Payment Scheme (Phase 1 and Phase 2a)\n\nYou may be eligible for a payment if you live in the homeowner payment zone.\n\nCheck the Phase 1 maps or Phase 2a maps to find out.\n\nPhase 2a homes will become eligible once this phase is authorised by Parliament.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYour house or 25% of the total area of your property must be in the homeowner payment zone.\n\nYou must be the owner occupier of a residential, agricultural or commercial property.\n\nAn owner occupier must:\n\n- be the freeholder or a leaseholder with at least 3 years left on the lease\n\n- be living in or running a business from the property or have done so for at least 6 months in the last 18 months if the property\u2019s currently empty\n\n- have bought the property before 9 April 2014 for Phase 1 and before 30 November 2015 for Phase 2a when the proposals for the homeowner payment were announced\n\nYour commercial property will not qualify for homeowner payments if it has a rateable value of \u00a336,000 or more (\u00a344,200 inside Greater London).\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nYou can claim \u00a38,000 to \u00a324,000 depending on which homeowner payment band you\u2019re in.\n\n| Distance from line of the route | Amount |\n\n| Between 120m and 180m | \u00a324,000 |\n\n| Between 180m and 240m | \u00a316,000 |\n\n| Between 240m and 300m | \u00a38,000 |\n\nYou\u2019ll be eligible for the band in which your residential dwelling sits if your land is covered by more than one homeowner payment band.\n\nYou may be eligible for the \u00a38,000 band if your dwelling is outside the bands but your land is within them.\n\nYou\u2019ll be eligible for the higher payment if the dwelling itself is in more than one band.\n\nMost people who receive money under the homeowner payment scheme would not have to pay tax on it.\n\nYou can accept payment and still be eligible for the Need to Sell Scheme - the value of the payment (plus statutory interest) will be deducted from the purchase price.\n\n## Apply\n\nFill in the form and follow the instructions to apply.\n\n## Track your application online\n\nHS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.\n\nYou can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.\n\nIf you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.\n\n## Rent Back\n\nIf you\u2019re selling your property to the government under one of the schemes\u00a0you can apply to rent it back and continue living in it.\n\n## Apply\n\nAsk your HS2 case officer to explain the options for renting the property back from the government after it\u2019s sold.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe government will assess your property to decide whether to rent it out, based on both:\n\n- the cost of any repairs needed to make it suitable for renting\n\n- whether the work is a good use of taxpayers\u2019 money\n\nThey will contact you to let you know if you\u2019ll be able to rent it.\n\nIf you decide to rent the property, you\u2019ll pay an open market rent and get a tenancy agreement for an initial term of 6 months.\n\nThe guidance has more information about Rent Back.\n\n## Track your application online\n\nHS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.\n\nYou can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.\n\nIf you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to sell your property to the government at its market (\u2018unblighted\u2019) value or receive a lump-sum payment if it\u2019s near the proposed High Speed Two (HS2) route.

    ", + "

    The property scheme you\u2019re eligible for depends on the location of your property and which phase of HS2 affects you.

    ", + "

    Check your location

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to find out if your property is:

    ", + "
  • in the safeguarded area
    • ", + "
  • in the rural support zone
    • ", + "
  • in the homeowner payment zone
    • ", + "
  • outside the zones
    • ", + "

    Check the route for HS2 Phase 1, HS2 Phase 2a or HS2 Phase 2b to see if your property is in one of these zones.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a safeguarded area

    ", + "

    You can apply through one of the following:

    ", + "
  • Express Purchase Scheme
    • ", + "
  • Need to Sell Scheme
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a rural support zone

    ", + "

    You can apply through one of the following:

    ", + "
  • Cash Offer or Voluntary Purchase Scheme
    • ", + "
  • Need to Sell Scheme
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a homeowner payment zone (Phase 1)

    ", + "

    You can apply for the Homeowner Payment Scheme.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply yet if you\u2019re affected by phases 2a or 2b.

    ", + "

    If you cannot sell your property because of HS2

    ", + "

    You can apply for the Need to Sell Scheme if your property is affected but:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s outside the zones and safeguarded area
    • ", + "
  • it is not covered by a scheme
    • ", + "

    Rent Back

    ", + "

    You can apply to rent and continue living in the property if you sell it to the government under one of these schemes.

    ", + "

    Contact HS2

    ", + "

    Contact HS2 if you have any questions, for example about what scheme you should apply to or the application process.

    ", + "

    You can complain to HS2 about your application, for example if you think the decision is taking too long.

    ", + "

    Express Purchase Scheme

    ", + "

    You can sell your property to the government through the Express Purchase Scheme if either:

    ", + "
  • your house or 25% of the total area of your property is inside the area marked \u2018surface safeguarding\u2019 on the \u2018safeguarding maps\u2019
    • ", + "
  • your property was in the safeguarding area (called the \u2018Extended Homeowner Protection Zone\u2019) but has since been removed - check with HS2 whether you qualify
    • ", + "

    You can still apply to sell your property with a \u2018blight notice\u2019 if you do not qualify for Express Purchase - but the government will only buy your property if it\u2019s needed for the construction of HS2.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You must be the owner occupier of a residential, agricultural or commercial property, or their \u2018personal representative\u2019 if they\u2019ve died, for example the executor of their will.

    ", + "

    Mortgage lenders (for example banks and building societies) in vacant possession of a qualifying property can apply.

    ", + "

    Your commercial property will not qualify for Express Purchase or under a blight notice if it has a rateable value of \u00a336,000 or more (\u00a344,200 inside Greater London).

    ", + "

    An owner occupier must:

    ", + "
  • be the freeholder or a leaseholder with at least 3 years left on the lease
    • ", + "
  • be living in or running a business from the property or have done so for at least 6 months in the last 18 months if the property\u2019s currently empty
    • ", + "

    You can get advice from a chartered surveyor about your eligibility.

    ", + "

    Read full guidance on eligibility.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    If you qualify the government will:

    ", + "
  • buy your property at its open market value as if HS2 was not going to be being built (known as \u2018unblighted\u2019 value)
    • ", + "
  • give you a \u2018home loss\u2019 payment equal to 10% of the property\u2019s open market value (up to \u00a364,000)
    • ", + "
  • pay reasonable expenses, for example stamp duty, surveyors\u2019 and legal fees, and removal costs
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must complete the correct blight notice to apply for Express Purchase.

    ", + "

    You must include original or certified copies of:

    ", + "
  • proof of ownership, for example Land Registry title
    • ", + "
  • proof the property was occupied for 6 months of the last 18 months, for example utility bills covering at least 6 months
    • ", + "
  • business rates bills, if you\u2019re applying for a commercial property
    • ", + "
  • plans of the property, for example Land Registry plans showing the property boundaries
    • ", + "
  • proof of representation, if applicable, for example power of attorney
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re sending a blight notice but do not qualify for Express Purchase, include a description of what you\u2019ve done to sell the property, for example copies of correspondence with estate agents.

    ", + "

    Email your completed application to HS2 with your supporting documents.

    ", + "

    You can also send your notice and supporting evidence by registered post.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 2 months.

    ", + "

    You have up to 3 years to accept the offer if your application\u2019s accepted.

    ", + "

    Track your application online

    ", + "

    HS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.

    ", + "

    You can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.

    ", + "

    If you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Follow HS2\u2019s complaints procedure if you want to complain about the service you received, for example about how long it took to reach a decision on your application or the result.

    ", + "

    Exceptional Hardship Scheme (Phase 2b)

    ", + "

    The Exceptional Hardship Scheme has now closed.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already applied

    ", + "

    If you have not received a decision, your application will automatically be transferred to the Need to Sell Scheme.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve received a decision and were successful, the purchase of your property will not be affected by the closure of the scheme.

    ", + "

    If you were unsuccessful, you may now be eligible for one of the other compensation schemes.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Follow HS2\u2019s complaints procedure if you want to complain about the service you received, for example how long it took to reach a decision on your application.

    ", + "

    Need to Sell Scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to sell your property to the government through the Need to Sell Scheme if you have a \u2018compelling reason\u2019 to sell but cannot as a direct result of the announcement of the HS2 route.

    ", + "

    Compelling reasons include unemployment, relocation for a new job or ill health - but each application is judged on its merits.

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible to ask the government to buy your property through:

    ", + "
  • statutory blight
    • ", + "
  • the Express Purchase Scheme
    • ", + "
  • the Cash Offer or Voluntary Purchase Scheme
    • ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You must be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the owner occupier of a residential, agricultural or commercial property
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018personal representative\u2019 of the owner occupier if they\u2019ve died, for example the executor of their will
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018reluctant landlord\u2019 (renting out your property because you cannot sell it)
    • ", + "

    Mortgage lenders (such as banks and building societies) in vacant possession of a qualifying property can apply.

    ", + "

    Your commercial property will not qualify for the Need to Sell Scheme if it has a rateable value of \u00a336,000 or more (\u00a344,200 inside Greater London).

    ", + "

    An owner occupier must:

    ", + "
  • be the freeholder or a leaseholder with at least 3 years left on the lease
    • ", + "
  • be living in or running a business from the property or have done so for at least 6 months in the last 18 months if the property\u2019s currently empty
    • ", + "

    Read full guidance on eligibility.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit evidence that you meet all 5 criteria:

    ", + "
  • property type
    • ", + "
  • location
    • ", + "
  • effort to sell
    • ", + "
  • no prior knowledge
    • ", + "
  • compelling reason to sell
    • ", + "

    Property type

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that the property is owner occupied, you\u2019re the personal representative, or you\u2019re acting as a \u2018reluctant landlord\u2019 who has had to rent out the property as a result of HS2.

    ", + "

    Location

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that your property is close enough to the route that it\u2019s likely to be substantially affected by HS2\u2019s construction or operation. There is no fixed distance.

    ", + "

    Effort to sell

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve tried to sell the property without success for at least 3 months.

    ", + "

    No prior knowledge

    ", + "

    You must either:

    ", + "
  • have bought or signed a lease before the publication of the HS2 route section closest to your property
    • ", + "
  • show why you could not have known about the initial proposed route, for example if the searches relating to the purchase were done before the route was announced, but the purchase was completed after
    • ", + "

    Compelling reason to sell

    ", + "

    You must give evidence of a compelling reason to sell your property now, or that you would be placed under an unreasonable burden if you were unable to sell your property in the next 3 years.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    The government will agree to buy your property for 100% of the unblighted open market value if your application is successful.

    ", + "

    The government will not cover additional costs, such as legal fees or removal costs.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Download the guidance and fill in the application form.

    ", + "

    Send it to the address on the form, along with your supporting evidence.

    ", + "

    Track your application online

    ", + "

    HS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.

    ", + "

    You can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.

    ", + "

    If you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not happy with the result

    ", + "

    You can reapply if your application is rejected, giving extra information to explain why you think the decision was wrong.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Follow HS2\u2019s complaints procedure if you want to complain about the service you received, for example how long it took to reach a decision on your application.

    ", + "

    Cash Offer or Voluntary Purchase Scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a Cash Offer if you do not want to sell your home and it\u2019s in a rural support zone.

    ", + "

    Alternatively, you can ask the government to purchase your property for its full open market value (known as \u2018unblighted\u2019 value) under the Voluntary Purchase Scheme.

    ", + "

    Cash Offer and the Voluntary Purchase Scheme only apply to properties in rural support zones. Check the Phase 1 or Phase 2 maps to see if your property is in a rural support zone.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    Your house or 25% of the total area of your property must be in the rural support zone (generally 60 to 120 metres from the route).

    ", + "

    You must be the owner occupier of a residential, agricultural or commercial property.

    ", + "

    Mortgage lenders (for example banks and building societies) can also apply for the Voluntary Purchase Scheme.

    ", + "

    Your commercial property will not qualify for Cash Offer or the Voluntary Purchase Scheme if it has a rateable value of \u00a336,000 or more (\u00a344,200 inside Greater London).

    ", + "

    An owner occupier must:

    ", + "
  • be the freeholder or a leaseholder with at least 3 years left on the lease
    • ", + "
  • be living in or running a business from the property, or have done so for at least 6 months in the last 18 months if the property is currently empty
    • ", + "
  • have bought or entered into a lease of the property before the initial preferred routes of Phases 1, 2a or 2b were announced - or show why they could not have known about it, for example if the searches relating to the purchase were undertaken before this date, but the purchase itself was completed afterwards
    • ", + "

    Read the full guidance on eligibility.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    Cash offer

    ", + "

    The cash offer is a lump-sum payment of 10% of the unblighted open market value of your property (from a minimum of \u00a330,000 to a maximum of \u00a3100,000).

    ", + "

    The government will cover your legal fees up to \u00a3500 (plus VAT) if your application is successful.

    ", + "

    Voluntary purchase

    ", + "

    If you qualify, the government will pay 100% of the unblighted open market value, as assessed by 2 independent valuers.

    ", + "

    The government will not cover additional costs, for example legal fees or removal costs.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Download the guidance and fill in the application form.

    ", + "

    Send it to the address on the form, along with your supporting evidence.

    ", + "

    Track your application online

    ", + "

    HS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.

    ", + "

    You can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.

    ", + "

    If you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Follow HS2\u2019s complaints procedure if you want to complain about the service you received, for example about how long it took to reach a decision on your application or the result.

    ", + "

    Homeowner Payment Scheme (Phase 1 and Phase 2a)

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for a payment if you live in the homeowner payment zone.

    ", + "

    Check the Phase 1 maps or Phase 2a maps to find out.

    ", + "

    Phase 2a homes will become eligible once this phase is authorised by Parliament.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    Your house or 25% of the total area of your property must be in the homeowner payment zone.

    ", + "

    You must be the owner occupier of a residential, agricultural or commercial property.

    ", + "

    An owner occupier must:

    ", + "
  • be the freeholder or a leaseholder with at least 3 years left on the lease
    • ", + "
  • be living in or running a business from the property or have done so for at least 6 months in the last 18 months if the property\u2019s currently empty
    • ", + "
  • have bought the property before 9 April 2014 for Phase 1 and before 30 November 2015 for Phase 2a when the proposals for the homeowner payment were announced
    • ", + "

    Your commercial property will not qualify for homeowner payments if it has a rateable value of \u00a336,000 or more (\u00a344,200 inside Greater London).

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    You can claim \u00a38,000 to \u00a324,000 depending on which homeowner payment band you\u2019re in.

    ", + "Distance from line of the route | Amount", + "Between 120m and 180m | \u00a324,000", + "Between 180m and 240m | \u00a316,000", + "Between 240m and 300m | \u00a38,000", + "

    You\u2019ll be eligible for the band in which your residential dwelling sits if your land is covered by more than one homeowner payment band.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for the \u00a38,000 band if your dwelling is outside the bands but your land is within them.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be eligible for the higher payment if the dwelling itself is in more than one band.

    ", + "

    Most people who receive money under the homeowner payment scheme would not have to pay tax on it.

    ", + "

    You can accept payment and still be eligible for the Need to Sell Scheme - the value of the payment (plus statutory interest) will be deducted from the purchase price.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Fill in the form and follow the instructions to apply.

    ", + "

    Track your application online

    ", + "

    HS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.

    ", + "

    You can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.

    ", + "

    If you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.

    ", + "

    Rent Back

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re selling your property to the government under one of the schemes\u00a0you can apply to rent it back and continue living in it.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Ask your HS2 case officer to explain the options for renting the property back from the government after it\u2019s sold.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The government will assess your property to decide whether to rent it out, based on both:

    ", + "
  • the cost of any repairs needed to make it suitable for renting
    • ", + "
  • whether the work is a good use of taxpayers\u2019 money
    • ", + "

    They will contact you to let you know if you\u2019ll be able to rent it.

    ", + "

    If you decide to rent the property, you\u2019ll pay an open market rent and get a tenancy agreement for an initial term of 6 months.

    ", + "

    The guidance has more information about Rent Back.

    ", + "

    Track your application online

    ", + "

    HS2 will send you a username and password to track your application after you apply.

    ", + "

    You can then track your application online. You\u2019ll choose a new password after you sign in for the first time.

    ", + "

    If you have not been sent a username and password, contact your HS2 case officer for help tracking your application.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/compensation-road-property-value": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/compensation-road-property-value", + "title": "Compensation when a road affects your property's value", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for compensation if the value of your property goes down because of pollution or disturbance from the use of a new or altered road.\n\nThis is known as a \u2018Part I claim\u2019.\n\n## When you can claim\n\nYou can claim after a road\u2019s been open to traffic for 1 year.\n\n## How to claim\n\n- Check you have a valid claim.\n\n- Check where to send your claim.\n\nYou can make a claim yourself or use an agent (eg a professional property valuer or claims company) to claim for you.\n\n## Who can claim\n\nThe value of your property must have gone down by more than \u00a350 as the result of specific types of pollution or disturbance from the use of a new or altered road.\n\n## What you can claim for\n\nYou can only make a Part I claim because of:\n\n- noise\n\n- vibration\n\n- smell\n\n- fumes\n\n- smoke\n\n- artificial lighting\n\n- solid or liquid discharge on to your property\n\n## What you can\u2019t claim for\n\nYou can\u2019t make a Part I claim for:\n\n- other problems caused by a road, eg losing your view, natural light or privacy (sometimes called \u2018blight\u2019)\n\n- problems coming from another part of the road - your claim must be for the part of the road that\u2019s new or altered\n\n- a road that\u2019s only been resurfaced\n\n## Types of property you can claim for\n\nYou can usually only claim for property you own and occupy.\n\nYou must own the property both:\n\n- before the road opened to traffic\n\n- when you make your claim\n\nYou must also be able to prove you own 1 of the following:\n\n- the property\u2019s freehold\n\n- the property\u2019s leasehold, with at least 3 years left to run on your lease on the date you make your claim\n\nYou can\u2019t claim for property that was part of a \u2018compulsory purchase\u2019 for the construction of the road.\n\n## Homes\n\nYou must be living in the property when you make your claim, unless you can\u2019t because:\n\n- you let it to tenants\n\n- there\u2019s another legal reason preventing you, eg a court order\n\n## Agricultural land\n\nYou must occupy the property both:\n\n- before the road opened to traffic\n\n- when you make your claim\n\n## Business premises\n\nYou must occupy the whole property, or a substantial part of it, both:\n\n- before the road opened to traffic\n\n- when you make your claim\n\nYour property\u2019s rateable value must be below \u00a334,800.\n\nSearch by postcode to find the rateable value of your business in England or Wales.\n\n## Other requirements\n\nRead Highways England\u2019s guide to Part I claims to check if you need to meet other requirements.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nYou usually need to make your claim to the authority responsible for the road - this is:\n\n- your local council for local roads\n\n- Highways England for major roads, including motorways and some A roads\n\nYou need to make your claim to Connect Plus if it\u2019s for M25 widening at:\n\n- junctions 16 to 23\n\n- junctions 27 to 30\n\n## Make a claim to Highways England\n\n- Check Part I claims notices for roads that are open for claims.\n\n- Read the guide to Part I claims.\n\n- Download and fill in the claim for compensation form.\n\n- Send your claim to the Highways England.\n\n## Track your claim\n\nYou can track the progress of a Part I claim you\u2019ve made to Highways England.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for compensation if the value of your property goes down because of pollution or disturbance from the use of a new or altered road.

    ", + "

    This is known as a \u2018Part I claim\u2019.

    ", + "

    When you can claim

    ", + "

    You can claim after a road\u2019s been open to traffic for 1 year.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "
  • Check you have a valid claim.
    • ", + "
  • Check where to send your claim.
    • ", + "

    You can make a claim yourself or use an agent (eg a professional property valuer or claims company) to claim for you.

    ", + "

    Who can claim

    ", + "

    The value of your property must have gone down by more than \u00a350 as the result of specific types of pollution or disturbance from the use of a new or altered road.

    ", + "

    What you can claim for

    ", + "

    You can only make a Part I claim because of:

    ", + "
  • noise
    • ", + "
  • vibration
    • ", + "
  • smell
    • ", + "
  • fumes
    • ", + "
  • smoke
    • ", + "
  • artificial lighting
    • ", + "
  • solid or liquid discharge on to your property
    • ", + "

    What you can\u2019t claim for

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t make a Part I claim for:

    ", + "
  • other problems caused by a road, eg losing your view, natural light or privacy (sometimes called \u2018blight\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • problems coming from another part of the road - your claim must be for the part of the road that\u2019s new or altered
    • ", + "
  • a road that\u2019s only been resurfaced
    • ", + "

    Types of property you can claim for

    ", + "

    You can usually only claim for property you own and occupy.

    ", + "

    You must own the property both:

    ", + "
  • before the road opened to traffic
    • ", + "
  • when you make your claim
    • ", + "

    You must also be able to prove you own 1 of the following:

    ", + "
  • the property\u2019s freehold
    • ", + "
  • the property\u2019s leasehold, with at least 3 years left to run on your lease on the date you make your claim
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim for property that was part of a \u2018compulsory purchase\u2019 for the construction of the road.

    ", + "

    Homes

    ", + "

    You must be living in the property when you make your claim, unless you can\u2019t because:

    ", + "
  • you let it to tenants
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s another legal reason preventing you, eg a court order
    • ", + "

    Agricultural land

    ", + "

    You must occupy the property both:

    ", + "
  • before the road opened to traffic
    • ", + "
  • when you make your claim
    • ", + "

    Business premises

    ", + "

    You must occupy the whole property, or a substantial part of it, both:

    ", + "
  • before the road opened to traffic
    • ", + "
  • when you make your claim
    • ", + "

    Your property\u2019s rateable value must be below \u00a334,800.

    ", + "

    Search by postcode to find the rateable value of your business in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Other requirements

    ", + "

    Read Highways England\u2019s guide to Part I claims to check if you need to meet other requirements.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    You usually need to make your claim to the authority responsible for the road - this is:

    ", + "
  • your local council for local roads
    • ", + "
  • Highways England for major roads, including motorways and some A roads
    • ", + "

    You need to make your claim to Connect Plus if it\u2019s for M25 widening at:

    ", + "
  • junctions 16 to 23
    • ", + "
  • junctions 27 to 30
    • ", + "

    Make a claim to Highways England

    ", + "
  • Check Part I claims notices for roads that are open for claims.
    • ", + "
  • Read the guide to Part I claims.
    • ", + "
  • Download and fill in the claim for compensation form.
    • ", + "
  • Send your claim to the Highways England.
    • ", + "

    Track your claim

    ", + "

    You can track the progress of a Part I claim you\u2019ve made to Highways England.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/get-information-about-property-and-land": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-information-about-property-and-land", + "title": "Get information about property and land", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can get information about registered property or land in England and Wales, even if you do not own it.\n\nThe type of information you can get includes the:\n\n- title register - who owns the property or land, and any rights of way\n\n- title number - the unique number given to a property or piece of land\n\n- title plan - the property or land\u2019s location and boundaries\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Search the land and property register\n\nGet copies of title register and title plan by searching the register.\n\n## Search the land and property index map\n\nAsk for a search of the index map if a property doesn\u2019t come up on a search of the register.\n\n## Get a copy of the deeds\n\nYou may be able to find out current and past information about a registered property, such as its previous owners by requesting a copy of the deeds.\n\n## Search property prices\n\nGet information about property prices by searching the house price index and the price paid data service.\n\n## Search the register\n\nHM Land Registry holds records about most property or land sold in England or Wales since 1993, including the title register, title plan and title summary.\n\n## Search the online register\n\nSearch the register by address or location.\n\nIf a property does not appear in a search, it may be filed under the wrong address. Ask for a search of the index map instead.\n\n## Title register\n\nThe title register has details about the property or land (in a PDF). It includes:\n\n- the title number\n\n- who owns it\n\n- what they paid for it (properties only, if available)\n\n- any rights of way\n\n- whether a mortgage on it has been \u2018discharged\u2019, for example paid off\n\n## Title summary\n\nThe title summary (viewable online) includes:\n\n- the title number\n\n- who owns it\n\n- what they paid for it\n\n- whether the property is freehold or leasehold (known as \u2018tenure\u2019)\n\n- the lender\u2019s name and address (if there is a mortgage on the property)\n\nThe lease will have more information if the property is a leasehold.\n\n## Title plan\n\nThe title plan is a map showing:\n\n- the property\u2019s location\n\n- the general boundaries - there\u2019s usually no record of exact boundaries\n\n## Buy copies of the information\n\nYou can download online copies of the information for a fee but you cannot use them as proof of ownership.\n\nTo get copies to use as proof of ownership (for example, in a court case) order official copies.\n\n## Ordering official copies\n\nDownload and fill in an application for official copies of documents and send it to HM Land Registry with your fee.\n\nYour copies will arrive in less than a week.\n\n## Fees\n\n| Document | Fee |\n\n| Title register (online copy) | \u00a33 |\n\n| Title plan (online copy) | \u00a32.50 (\u00a33 with VAT) |\n\n| Title register (official copy) | \u00a37 |\n\n| Title plan (official copy) | \u00a37 |\n\n## Rights over adjoining land and property boundaries\n\nThe title register may give you details about rights over adjoining land. Apply for a copy of the deeds if you need more information.\n\nTitle plans only give general boundary information. There\u2019s usually no record of exact boundaries.\n\n## Get historical title registers\n\nYou may be able to find out who owned the property before the current owner from a historical title register. It can also be useful if you\u2019re trying to find out how old a property is.\n\nAsk HM Land Registry to search who owned the property for a specific date or multiple dates.\n\n## For properties registered before 1993\n\nContact HM Land Registry with the:\n\n- title number or address of the property\n\n- date or dates you\u2019re applying for\n\nThey\u2019ll search their records and tell you if they have a copy, and how to apply for it.\n\n## For properties registered after 1993\n\nDownload and fill in form HC1. Send the form to HM Land Registry along with \u00a37 for each date you\u2019re applying for.\n\nThe results of your search will arrive in less than a week.\n\nIf you do not know the date you\u2019re searching for, contact HM Land Registry.\n\n## Search the index map\n\nThe index map contains information on all land and property that\u2019s registered or being registered with HM Land Registry.\n\nUse it to find the title number of a property that does not appear in a search of the register.\n\nSome properties do not appear in a search of the register because the property boundaries have changed since it was registered, or the property address has been spelled incorrectly, for example.\n\n## How to search\n\nYou cannot search the map yourself.\n\nYou should provide the address of the land or property (if it has one). If the land or property cannot be identified by the address you can provide:\n\n- a plan which clearly identifies the land or property\n\n- an Ordnance Survey map reference for the land or property\n\nDownload and fill in the application form and send it to HM Land Registry.\n\nHM Land Registry will send you the search results, including the title number or numbers under which the land or property is registered. You can use them to search the register.\n\nThe search will also confirm if the property or land is unregistered.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt costs \u00a34 to search an area covering up to 5 registered titles.\n\nIf your search covers more than 5 titles, HM Land Registry will contact you with an updated fee. You\u2019ll be charged \u00a32 for groups of 10 additional titles.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nThe results of your search will arrive in less than a week.\n\n## If you\u2019re searching the index map to apply for home rights\n\nYou must write \u2018This search is being made solely for the purposes of the Family Law Act 1996\u2019 across the top of the application form.\n\n## Get a copy of the deeds\n\nYou may be able to find out current and past information about a registered property, such as its previous owners in the deeds.\n\nThe register may give more details about rights over adjoining land.\n\nHM Land Registry does not store original paper deeds.\n\n## How to request a copy of the deeds\n\n- Find out if the property or land is registered.\n\n- Pay \u00a33 to download a copy of the title register. If the deeds are marked as \u2018filed\u2019 in the register then HM Land Registry has a scanned copy.\n\n- Fill in the deeds request form using the property\u2019s title number from the title register.\n\nYour search may return no results if HM Land Registry does not hold a scanned copy of the deeds.\n\nThe deeds could be made up of several documents. Each official copy of a document costs \u00a37.\n\nSend your completed form and payment to HM Land Registry.\n\nCopies of deeds cannot be used to prove ownership, for example in a court case. Get official copies of the title register instead.\n\n## If you\u2019re a business\n\nRegister for business e-services if you\u2019re a business that needs to manage multiple searches and download multiple copies of documents.\n\n## Search for property prices\n\nYou can search for how much a property sold for in England or Wales.\n\nYou can correct information about the sale price if you find any incorrect records.\n\nYou can also search UK house price averages by region, county or local authority on the house price index.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can get information about registered property or land in England and Wales, even if you do not own it.

    ", + "

    The type of information you can get includes the:

    ", + "
  • title register - who owns the property or land, and any rights of way
    • ", + "
  • title number - the unique number given to a property or piece of land
    • ", + "
  • title plan - the property or land\u2019s location and boundaries
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Search the land and property register

    ", + "

    Get copies of title register and title plan by searching the register.

    ", + "

    Search the land and property index map

    ", + "

    Ask for a search of the index map if a property doesn\u2019t come up on a search of the register.

    ", + "

    Get a copy of the deeds

    ", + "

    You may be able to find out current and past information about a registered property, such as its previous owners by requesting a copy of the deeds.

    ", + "

    Search property prices

    ", + "

    Get information about property prices by searching the house price index and the price paid data service.

    ", + "

    Search the register

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry holds records about most property or land sold in England or Wales since 1993, including the title register, title plan and title summary.

    ", + "

    Search the online register

    ", + "

    Search the register by address or location.

    ", + "

    If a property does not appear in a search, it may be filed under the wrong address. Ask for a search of the index map instead.

    ", + "

    Title register

    ", + "

    The title register has details about the property or land (in a PDF). It includes:

    ", + "
  • the title number
    • ", + "
  • who owns it
    • ", + "
  • what they paid for it (properties only, if available)
    • ", + "
  • any rights of way
    • ", + "
  • whether a mortgage on it has been \u2018discharged\u2019, for example paid off
    • ", + "

    Title summary

    ", + "

    The title summary (viewable online) includes:

    ", + "
  • the title number
    • ", + "
  • who owns it
    • ", + "
  • what they paid for it
    • ", + "
  • whether the property is freehold or leasehold (known as \u2018tenure\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • the lender\u2019s name and address (if there is a mortgage on the property)
    • ", + "

    The lease will have more information if the property is a leasehold.

    ", + "

    Title plan

    ", + "

    The title plan is a map showing:

    ", + "
  • the property\u2019s location
    • ", + "
  • the general boundaries - there\u2019s usually no record of exact boundaries
    • ", + "

    Buy copies of the information

    ", + "

    You can download online copies of the information for a fee but you cannot use them as proof of ownership.

    ", + "

    To get copies to use as proof of ownership (for example, in a court case) order official copies.

    ", + "

    Ordering official copies

    ", + "

    Download and fill in an application for official copies of documents and send it to HM Land Registry with your fee.

    ", + "

    Your copies will arrive in less than a week.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "Document | Fee", + "Title register (online copy) | \u00a33", + "Title plan (online copy) | \u00a32.50 (\u00a33 with VAT)", + "Title register (official copy) | \u00a37", + "Title plan (official copy) | \u00a37", + "

    Rights over adjoining land and property boundaries

    ", + "

    The title register may give you details about rights over adjoining land. Apply for a copy of the deeds if you need more information.

    ", + "

    Title plans only give general boundary information. There\u2019s usually no record of exact boundaries.

    ", + "

    Get historical title registers

    ", + "

    You may be able to find out who owned the property before the current owner from a historical title register. It can also be useful if you\u2019re trying to find out how old a property is.

    ", + "

    Ask HM Land Registry to search who owned the property for a specific date or multiple dates.

    ", + "

    For properties registered before 1993

    ", + "

    Contact HM Land Registry with the:

    ", + "
  • title number or address of the property
    • ", + "
  • date or dates you\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll search their records and tell you if they have a copy, and how to apply for it.

    ", + "

    For properties registered after 1993

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form HC1. Send the form to HM Land Registry along with \u00a37 for each date you\u2019re applying for.

    ", + "

    The results of your search will arrive in less than a week.

    ", + "

    If you do not know the date you\u2019re searching for, contact HM Land Registry.

    ", + "

    Search the index map

    ", + "

    The index map contains information on all land and property that\u2019s registered or being registered with HM Land Registry.

    ", + "

    Use it to find the title number of a property that does not appear in a search of the register.

    ", + "

    Some properties do not appear in a search of the register because the property boundaries have changed since it was registered, or the property address has been spelled incorrectly, for example.

    ", + "

    How to search

    ", + "

    You cannot search the map yourself.

    ", + "

    You should provide the address of the land or property (if it has one). If the land or property cannot be identified by the address you can provide:

    ", + "
  • a plan which clearly identifies the land or property
    • ", + "
  • an Ordnance Survey map reference for the land or property
    • ", + "

    Download and fill in the application form and send it to HM Land Registry.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will send you the search results, including the title number or numbers under which the land or property is registered. You can use them to search the register.

    ", + "

    The search will also confirm if the property or land is unregistered.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a34 to search an area covering up to 5 registered titles.

    ", + "

    If your search covers more than 5 titles, HM Land Registry will contact you with an updated fee. You\u2019ll be charged \u00a32 for groups of 10 additional titles.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    The results of your search will arrive in less than a week.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re searching the index map to apply for home rights

    ", + "

    You must write \u2018This search is being made solely for the purposes of the Family Law Act 1996\u2019 across the top of the application form.

    ", + "

    Get a copy of the deeds

    ", + "

    You may be able to find out current and past information about a registered property, such as its previous owners in the deeds.

    ", + "

    The register may give more details about rights over adjoining land.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry does not store original paper deeds.

    ", + "

    How to request a copy of the deeds

    ", + "
  • Find out if the property or land is registered.
    • ", + "
  • Pay \u00a33 to download a copy of the title register. If the deeds are marked as \u2018filed\u2019 in the register then HM Land Registry has a scanned copy.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the deeds request form using the property\u2019s title number from the title register.
    • ", + "

    Your search may return no results if HM Land Registry does not hold a scanned copy of the deeds.

    ", + "

    The deeds could be made up of several documents. Each official copy of a document costs \u00a37.

    ", + "

    Send your completed form and payment to HM Land Registry.

    ", + "

    Copies of deeds cannot be used to prove ownership, for example in a court case. Get official copies of the title register instead.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a business

    ", + "

    Register for business e-services if you\u2019re a business that needs to manage multiple searches and download multiple copies of documents.

    ", + "

    Search for property prices

    ", + "

    You can search for how much a property sold for in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    You can correct information about the sale price if you find any incorrect records.

    ", + "

    You can also search UK house price averages by region, county or local authority on the house price index.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "title": "Joint property ownership", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou must decide which type of joint ownership you want if you buy, inherit or become a trustee of a property with someone else. You tell HM Land Registry about this when you register the property.\n\nYou can own a property as either \u2018joint tenants\u2019 or \u2018tenants in common\u2019.\n\nThe type of ownership affects what you can do with the property if your relationship with a joint owner breaks down, or if one owner dies.\n\nYou can get legal advice from someone who specialises in property.\n\n## Joint tenants\n\nAs joint tenants (sometimes called \u2018beneficial joint tenants\u2019):\n\n- you have equal rights to the whole property\n\n- the property automatically goes to the other owners if you die\n\n- you cannot pass on your ownership of the property in your will\n\n## Tenants in common\n\nAs tenants in common:\n\n- you can own different shares of the property\n\n- the property does not automatically go to the other owners if you die\n\n- you can pass on your share of the property in your will\n\n## Change your type of ownership\n\nYou can change from being either:\n\n- joint tenants to tenants in common, for example if you divorce or separate and want to leave your share of the property to someone else\n\n- tenants in common to joint tenants, for example if you get married and want to have equal rights to the whole property\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to do this.\n\nYou can also change from sole ownership to tenants in common or joint tenants, for example, if you want to add your partner as joint owner. This is called transferring ownership.\n\n## Sell the property if the other owner has lost mental capacity\n\nYou\u2019ll have to apply to the Court of Protection if you want to sell the property but the other owner has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019.\n\n## Check your ownership details\n\nYou can find out what type of joint ownership you have by checking documents such as a:\n\n- property transfer\n\n- property lease\n\n- trust deed, also known as a \u2018declaration of trust\u2019 (a document stating an owner\u2019s share in a jointly owned property)\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can help you check what type of joint ownership you have if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nYour type of ownership can sometimes change without your knowledge, for example if one of the other owners goes bankrupt.\n\n## Change from joint tenants to tenants in common\n\nThis is called \u2018severance of joint tenancy\u2019. You should apply for a \u2018Form A restriction\u2019.\n\nYou can make this change without the other owners\u2019 agreement.\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.\n\n## How to apply if the other owners do not agree to the change\n\n- Serve a written notice of the change (a \u2018notice of severance\u2019) on the other owners - a conveyancer can help you do this.\n\n- Download and fill in form SEV to register a restriction without the other owners\u2019 agreement. You can also fill in form RX1 to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if you cannot provide any of the evidence of severance options listed in form SEV.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou should include an original or certified copy of the notice of severance signed by all the owners.\n\nIf you cannot get the other owners\u2019 signatures you can instead send a letter certifying that you\u2019ve done one of the following with the notice of severance:\n\n- given it to all the other owners\n\n- left it at the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address in the UK\n\n- sent it by registered post or recorded delivery to the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address and it has not been returned undelivered\n\n## How to apply if the other owners agree to the change\n\n- Download and fill in form SEV to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if all owners agree.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Where to send your application\n\n## Change from tenants in common to joint tenants\n\nYou need the agreement of all the other joint owners to change from being tenants in common to joint tenants.\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Fill in a new or updated trust deed - a conveyancer can help you do this.\n\n- Download and fill in the form to cancel a restriction, if one has been registered.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou must include one of the following:\n\n- an original or certified copy of the new or updated trust deed signed by all the owners\n\n- a certified copy of a transfer showing that all owners with individual shares of the property have transferred these to all the beneficial joint tenants\n\n- a certificate from your conveyancer confirming that all owners with shares of the property have signed a new trust deed\n\nYou must also include either:\n\n- a statutory declaration prepared by your conveyancer\n\n- a \u2018statement of truth\u2019 - either one you\u2019ve prepared yourself or using form ST5\n\nA statement of truth must be:\n\n- in writing and include the wording \u201cI believe that the facts and matters contained in this statement are true\u201d\n\n- signed by the person who makes it\n\nThe supporting documents must prove all the following:\n\n- nobody else except the named joint owners have shares of the property\n\n- none of the joint owners is being made bankrupt, has a charging order from creditors or is mortgaging their share of the property\n\n- all the joint owners now own the property together as beneficial joint tenants\n\n## Where to send your application\n\n## Selling when an owner has lost mental capacity\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re one of 2 or more owners of property or land\n\n- one of the owners has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019\n\n- you want to sell the property or land\n\nLosing mental capacity means someone cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made.\n\nThis means that:\n\n- the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity cannot sign legally binding documents and needs help to make decisions\n\n- you\u2019ll have to apply to appoint someone to take the place of the owner who\u2019s lost capacity so the sale can go ahead\n\n## Appoint someone to act on behalf of an owner\n\nYou\u2019ll have to appoint someone to act on behalf of the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity even if:\n\n- you\u2019re already acting on behalf of an owner as a \u2018deputy\u2019\n\n- the Official Solicitor is a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 for an owner\n\nYou may not need to apply if you\u2019ve got a registered power of attorney.\n\nRead the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to find out if you need to apply.\n\n## Get the forms\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- the Court of Protection application form (COP1) so you can appoint someone who can deal with the sale of the property\n\n- the special undertaking by trustees (COP12)\n\n- an information form (COP1D)\n\n- the witness statement (COP24) - use the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to fill this in\n\n- another witness statement (COP24) as a certificate of fitness (for example, a character reference) if you\u2019re not appointing yourself or your solicitor to act for the owner\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3365 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.\n\nRead the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.\n\n## Enquiries\n\nContact the Court of Protection for help and to find out if you need to fill in other forms.\n\nYou can also write to the Court of Protection or visit the public counter.\n\nYou cannot get legal advice from court staff.\n\n## Send your application\n\nSend the original and one copy of each of the following to the Court of Protection:\n\n- the application forms\n\n- witness statement\n\n- a copy of the entries at HM Land Registry if the sale includes any registered land\n\n- a copy of the conveyance if the property is unregistered\n\n- any other documents and information asked for\n\n## Tell people about your application\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms, stamped with an issue date, a week after you apply.\n\nYou must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) anyone named in your application (such as the person who\u2019s lost capacity) about applying within 14 days of the issue date.\n\nRead the guidance at the end of application form COP1 to find out who to tell.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about this\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirm you\u2019ve told people\n\nWithin 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the forms (\u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:\n\n- the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity (COP20A)\n\n- other people named in the application (COP20B)\n\nSend them all together to the Court of Protection.\n\n## After you apply\n\nRead the guidance to find out what happens if you have to attend a Court of Protection hearing.\n\nUpdate the property records after you\u2019ve appointed someone to act for the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity.\n\n## If your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing\n\nYou can ask for a decision to be reconsidered if your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in application form COP9.\n\nSend the original, one copy of the form and any documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the decision being made.\n\nIt\u2019s free.\n\n## If your application is rejected and you had a hearing\n\nYou can appeal the decision if your application is rejected and you had an oral hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in the appellant\u2019s notice (COP35).\n\nSend it and any other documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the decision being made or within the time limit set by the judge who rejected your application.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3320 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.\n\nRead the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.\n\n## Emergency applications\n\nContact the Court of Protection to make an emergency application, for example to stop someone who lacks mental capacity being removed from where they live.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You must decide which type of joint ownership you want if you buy, inherit or become a trustee of a property with someone else. You tell HM Land Registry about this when you register the property.

    ", + "

    You can own a property as either \u2018joint tenants\u2019 or \u2018tenants in common\u2019.

    ", + "

    The type of ownership affects what you can do with the property if your relationship with a joint owner breaks down, or if one owner dies.

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice from someone who specialises in property.

    ", + "

    Joint tenants

    ", + "

    As joint tenants (sometimes called \u2018beneficial joint tenants\u2019):

    ", + "
  • you have equal rights to the whole property
    • ", + "
  • the property automatically goes to the other owners if you die
    • ", + "
  • you cannot pass on your ownership of the property in your will
    • ", + "

    Tenants in common

    ", + "

    As tenants in common:

    ", + "
  • you can own different shares of the property
    • ", + "
  • the property does not automatically go to the other owners if you die
    • ", + "
  • you can pass on your share of the property in your will
    • ", + "

    Change your type of ownership

    ", + "

    You can change from being either:

    ", + "
  • joint tenants to tenants in common, for example if you divorce or separate and want to leave your share of the property to someone else
    • ", + "
  • tenants in common to joint tenants, for example if you get married and want to have equal rights to the whole property
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee to do this.

    ", + "

    You can also change from sole ownership to tenants in common or joint tenants, for example, if you want to add your partner as joint owner. This is called transferring ownership.

    ", + "

    Sell the property if the other owner has lost mental capacity

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to apply to the Court of Protection if you want to sell the property but the other owner has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019.

    ", + "

    Check your ownership details

    ", + "

    You can find out what type of joint ownership you have by checking documents such as a:

    ", + "
  • property transfer
    • ", + "
  • property lease
    • ", + "
  • trust deed, also known as a \u2018declaration of trust\u2019 (a document stating an owner\u2019s share in a jointly owned property)
    • ", + "

    A solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can help you check what type of joint ownership you have if you\u2019re unsure.

    ", + "

    Your type of ownership can sometimes change without your knowledge, for example if one of the other owners goes bankrupt.

    ", + "

    Change from joint tenants to tenants in common

    ", + "

    This is called \u2018severance of joint tenancy\u2019. You should apply for a \u2018Form A restriction\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can make this change without the other owners\u2019 agreement.

    ", + "

    A solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.

    ", + "

    How to apply if the other owners do not agree to the change

    ", + "
  • Serve a written notice of the change (a \u2018notice of severance\u2019) on the other owners - a conveyancer can help you do this.
    • ", + "
  • Download and fill in form SEV to register a restriction without the other owners\u2019 agreement. You can also fill in form RX1 to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if you cannot provide any of the evidence of severance options listed in form SEV.
    • ", + "
  • Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.
    • ", + "
  • Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.
    • ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    You should include an original or certified copy of the notice of severance signed by all the owners.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get the other owners\u2019 signatures you can instead send a letter certifying that you\u2019ve done one of the following with the notice of severance:

    ", + "
  • given it to all the other owners
    • ", + "
  • left it at the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address in the UK
    • ", + "
  • sent it by registered post or recorded delivery to the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address and it has not been returned undelivered
    • ", + "

    How to apply if the other owners agree to the change

    ", + "
  • Download and fill in form SEV to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if all owners agree.
    • ", + "
  • Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.
    • ", + "
  • Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.
    • ", + "

    Where to send your application

    ", + "

    Change from tenants in common to joint tenants

    ", + "

    You need the agreement of all the other joint owners to change from being tenants in common to joint tenants.

    ", + "

    A solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "
  • Fill in a new or updated trust deed - a conveyancer can help you do this.
    • ", + "
  • Download and fill in the form to cancel a restriction, if one has been registered.
    • ", + "
  • Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.
    • ", + "
  • Send the form and documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.
    • ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    You must include one of the following:

    ", + "
  • an original or certified copy of the new or updated trust deed signed by all the owners
    • ", + "
  • a certified copy of a transfer showing that all owners with individual shares of the property have transferred these to all the beneficial joint tenants
    • ", + "
  • a certificate from your conveyancer confirming that all owners with shares of the property have signed a new trust deed
    • ", + "

    You must also include either:

    ", + "
  • a statutory declaration prepared by your conveyancer
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018statement of truth\u2019 - either one you\u2019ve prepared yourself or using form ST5
    • ", + "

    A statement of truth must be:

    ", + "
  • in writing and include the wording \u201cI believe that the facts and matters contained in this statement are true\u201d
    • ", + "
  • signed by the person who makes it
    • ", + "

    The supporting documents must prove all the following:

    ", + "
  • nobody else except the named joint owners have shares of the property
    • ", + "
  • none of the joint owners is being made bankrupt, has a charging order from creditors or is mortgaging their share of the property
    • ", + "
  • all the joint owners now own the property together as beneficial joint tenants
    • ", + "

    Where to send your application

    ", + "

    Selling when an owner has lost mental capacity

    ", + "

    You must apply to the Court of Protection if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re one of 2 or more owners of property or land
    • ", + "
  • one of the owners has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you want to sell the property or land
    • ", + "

    Losing mental capacity means someone cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made.

    ", + "

    This means that:

    ", + "
  • the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity cannot sign legally binding documents and needs help to make decisions
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll have to apply to appoint someone to take the place of the owner who\u2019s lost capacity so the sale can go ahead
    • ", + "

    Appoint someone to act on behalf of an owner

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to appoint someone to act on behalf of the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity even if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re already acting on behalf of an owner as a \u2018deputy\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the Official Solicitor is a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 for an owner
    • ", + "

    You may not need to apply if you\u2019ve got a registered power of attorney.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to find out if you need to apply.

    ", + "

    Get the forms

    ", + "

    Download and fill in:

    ", + "
  • the Court of Protection application form (COP1) so you can appoint someone who can deal with the sale of the property
    • ", + "
  • the special undertaking by trustees (COP12)
    • ", + "
  • an information form (COP1D)
    • ", + "
  • the witness statement (COP24) - use the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to fill this in
    • ", + "
  • another witness statement (COP24) as a certificate of fitness (for example, a character reference) if you\u2019re not appointing yourself or your solicitor to act for the owner
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3365 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.

    ", + "

    Read the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.

    ", + "

    Enquiries

    ", + "

    Contact the Court of Protection for help and to find out if you need to fill in other forms.

    ", + "

    You can also write to the Court of Protection or visit the public counter.

    ", + "

    You cannot get legal advice from court staff.

    ", + "

    Send your application

    ", + "

    Send the original and one copy of each of the following to the Court of Protection:

    ", + "
  • the application forms
    • ", + "
  • witness statement
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the entries at HM Land Registry if the sale includes any registered land
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the conveyance if the property is unregistered
    • ", + "
  • any other documents and information asked for
    • ", + "

    Tell people about your application

    ", + "

    The Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms, stamped with an issue date, a week after you apply.

    ", + "

    You must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) anyone named in your application (such as the person who\u2019s lost capacity) about applying within 14 days of the issue date.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance at the end of application form COP1 to find out who to tell.

    ", + "

    Send them:

    ", + "
  • a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)
    • ", + "
  • an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about this
    • ", + "

    You can tell them:

    ", + "
  • by post to their home address
    • ", + "
  • by fax
    • ", + "
  • in person
    • ", + "

    Confirm you\u2019ve told people

    ", + "

    Within 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the forms (\u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:

    ", + "
  • the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity (COP20A)
    • ", + "
  • other people named in the application (COP20B)
    • ", + "

    Send them all together to the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to find out what happens if you have to attend a Court of Protection hearing.

    ", + "

    Update the property records after you\u2019ve appointed someone to act for the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity.

    ", + "

    If your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing

    ", + "

    You can ask for a decision to be reconsidered if your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in application form COP9.

    ", + "

    Send the original, one copy of the form and any documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    You must apply within 21 days of the decision being made.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free.

    ", + "

    If your application is rejected and you had a hearing

    ", + "

    You can appeal the decision if your application is rejected and you had an oral hearing.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the appellant\u2019s notice (COP35).

    ", + "

    Send it and any other documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.

    ", + "

    You must apply within 21 days of the decision being made or within the time limit set by the judge who rejected your application.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3320 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.

    ", + "

    Read the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.

    ", + "

    Emergency applications

    ", + "

    Contact the Court of Protection to make an emergency application, for example to stop someone who lacks mental capacity being removed from where they live.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/leasehold-property": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leasehold-property", + "title": "Leasehold property", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou only own a leasehold property for a fixed period of time.\n\nYou\u2019ll have a legal agreement with the landlord (sometimes known as the \u2018freeholder\u2019) called a \u2018lease\u2019. This tells you how many years you\u2019ll own the property.\n\nOwnership of the property returns to the landlord when the lease comes to an end.\n\nMost flats are leasehold. Houses can be leasehold too and usually are if they\u2019re bought through a shared ownership scheme.\n\nThe rules about leasehold property are different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Leaseholder rights and responsibilities\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour lease will tell you what conditions you\u2019ve agreed to, for example:\n\n- if you need permission to make alterations\n\n- how much you\u2019ll have to pay to maintain the property\n\n- whether you or your landlord has responsibility for repairs and dealing with noisy neighbours\n\nYou might be taken to court and be ordered to pay for any damage If you do not follow the conditions of the lease. The court may also take away your lease.\n\n## Your rights\n\nYou have the right to:\n\n- get information about service charges or insurance\n\n- know the landlord\u2019s (freeholder\u2019s) name and address\n\n- be consulted about certain maintenance and running costs\n\n- challenge certain charges under some circumstances\n\n## Service charges and other expenses\n\n## Service charges\n\nYour lease sets out the way the service charge is organised and what can be charged. If you pay a service charge, you have the right to:\n\n- ask for a summary showing how the charge is worked out and what it\u2019s spent on\n\n- see any paperwork supporting the summary, such as receipts\n\nYour landlord must give you this information - it\u2019s a criminal offence if they do not.\n\n## Ground rent\n\nYou do not have to pay ground rent unless your landlord has sent you a formal, written demand for it. They can take legal action if you do not pay after you\u2019ve received the demand.\n\nYour landlord can recover unpaid ground rent going back 6 years - they can ask you for the full amount in one go.\n\nYour landlord can only increase the ground rent if you agree to the increase or the lease says this can happen.\n\n## Building insurance\n\nYour landlord will usually be responsible for insurance of the building (not the contents) - this will be part of your service charge.\n\nYou have a right to:\n\n- ask for a summary of the insurance policy\n\n- challenge the cost through a tribunal if you think it\u2019s unreasonable\n\n## Reserve or sinking funds\n\nYou might have to pay into a fund to help cover any unexpected maintenance or repairs, like replacing the roof. There are rules about how landlords must manage these funds.\n\nYou will not usually be able to get back any money you pay into them, for example if you move house.\n\n## Consulting over charges\n\nYou have the right to be consulted about charges for running or maintaining the building if you have to pay more than:\n\n- \u00a3250 for planned work\n\n- \u00a3100 per year for work and services lasting more than 12 months\n\nThere are steps your landlord must follow when they consult you, known as a \u2018Section 20\u2019 consultation. There\u2019s a limit on how much you have to pay if you have not been consulted properly - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Disputing a charge\n\nYou may be able to apply to a tribunal if you pay a charge and you:\n\n- think it\u2019s unreasonable\n\n- think the standard of work it relates to is unsatisfactory\n\n- do not think you should be paying it at all\n\nContact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\nYou cannot apply to the tribunal if:\n\n- you\u2019ve agreed to pay the charge\n\n- the dispute is already being dealt with, for example by the court\n\n- you pay a fixed charge\n\nTry mediation - you may also be able to change the management of your building instead.\n\nYour landlord can take you to court if you stop paying a charge you\u2019re responsible for.\n\n## More information\n\nThe Leasehold Advisory Service has more information on service charges and other issues.\n\n## Extending, changing or ending a lease\n\n## Extending the lease\n\nYou can ask the landlord to extend your lease at any time.\n\nYou might be able to extend your lease by:\n\n- 90 years on a flat if you qualify\n\n- 50 years on a house if you qualify\n\nThe Leasehold Advisory Service\u2019s (LAS) lease extension calculator gives you a guide to the costs of extending the lease of a flat.\n\n## Changing the lease\n\nYou can negotiate certain changes to the lease, sometimes known as \u2018varying the lease\u2019. Speak to your landlord first.\n\nIf you cannot agree, you may be able to apply to a tribunal - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Ending the lease\n\nIt\u2019s very rare that a landlord can end the lease and evict you. There are some circumstances and leases that let them do this, sometimes known as \u2018forfeiture proceedings\u2019. They need to send you a formal written notice and get the court\u2019s permission.\n\nYou can usually end a lease by giving at least 1 month\u2019s notice.\n\nThe LAS has information about ending a lease.\n\n## When the lease runs out\n\nYou do not have to leave the property when the lease expires. In law, a lease is a tenancy and the leaseholder is a tenant. The tenancy will continue on exactly the same terms unless you or the landlord decide to end it.\n\n## Buying the freehold\n\nYou can ask the landlord to sell you the freehold at any time.\n\nThere are different legal steps and rules depending on whether your home is a:\n\n- flat - you\u2019ll need to buy a share of the freehold\n\n- house - you may have the right to buy the freehold\n\n## Right of first refusal\n\nLandlords who want to sell the freehold of a building containing flats usually have to offer the leaseholders the first chance to buy it. This is known as your right of first refusal.\n\nThere are different rules and steps to buying the freehold of your home in Northern Ireland\n\n## Right to Manage and management disputes\n\nYou may be able to change the management of your building if you\u2019re unhappy with the way it\u2019s being run and you live in a leasehold flat. You can either:\n\n- ask a tribunal to appoint a new manager\n\n- take over the management responsibilities, known as your \u2018Right to Manage\u2019\n\n## Appoint a new manager\n\nYou must prove bad management if you want to appoint a new manager, for example:\n\n- you have to pay unreasonable service charges\n\n- the landlord has not complied with an approved code of management practice\n\nApply to a tribunal in England, or the Leasehold Valuation Tribunals in Wales.\n\nYou can only apply to the tribunal if you\u2019ve sent the landlord a \u2018Section 22 notice\u2019 - this gives them a chance to fix the problems. Contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Right to Manage\n\nThe Right to Manage lets you and the other leaseholders take over certain management responsibilities from the landlord without having to prove bad management.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find out if you qualify - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\nYou and the other leaseholders can manage the building yourselves or pay a managing agent to do it.\n\n## Leasehold disputes\n\nThere is a different dispute process in Wales.\n\nYou can use a mediation service to help you and your landlord come to an agreement if you are in dispute about your lease. You might have to pay a fee.\n\nYou can also get free advice from the Leasehold Advisory Service (LAS) on issues like:\n\n- service charges\n\n- extending your lease\n\n- buying the freehold\n\n## Apply to a tribunal\n\nYou can apply to a tribunal if you\u2019re in a dispute with your landlord, for example:\n\n- service or administration charges\n\n- the cost of building insurance\n\n- appointment of a manager\n\n- Right to Manage\n\n- breach of a lease\n\n- varying a lease\n\n- recognising a tenants\u2019 association\n\n- buying the freehold\n\n- extending the lease\n\nApply to the Leasehold Valuation Tribunals if you\u2019re in Wales.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You only own a leasehold property for a fixed period of time.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have a legal agreement with the landlord (sometimes known as the \u2018freeholder\u2019) called a \u2018lease\u2019. This tells you how many years you\u2019ll own the property.

    ", + "

    Ownership of the property returns to the landlord when the lease comes to an end.

    ", + "

    Most flats are leasehold. Houses can be leasehold too and usually are if they\u2019re bought through a shared ownership scheme.

    ", + "

    The rules about leasehold property are different in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Leaseholder rights and responsibilities

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    Your lease will tell you what conditions you\u2019ve agreed to, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you need permission to make alterations
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019ll have to pay to maintain the property
    • ", + "
  • whether you or your landlord has responsibility for repairs and dealing with noisy neighbours
    • ", + "

    You might be taken to court and be ordered to pay for any damage If you do not follow the conditions of the lease. The court may also take away your lease.

    ", + "

    Your rights

    ", + "

    You have the right to:

    ", + "
  • get information about service charges or insurance
    • ", + "
  • know the landlord\u2019s (freeholder\u2019s) name and address
    • ", + "
  • be consulted about certain maintenance and running costs
    • ", + "
  • challenge certain charges under some circumstances
    • ", + "

    Service charges and other expenses

    ", + "

    Service charges

    ", + "

    Your lease sets out the way the service charge is organised and what can be charged. If you pay a service charge, you have the right to:

    ", + "
  • ask for a summary showing how the charge is worked out and what it\u2019s spent on
    • ", + "
  • see any paperwork supporting the summary, such as receipts
    • ", + "

    Your landlord must give you this information - it\u2019s a criminal offence if they do not.

    ", + "

    Ground rent

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay ground rent unless your landlord has sent you a formal, written demand for it. They can take legal action if you do not pay after you\u2019ve received the demand.

    ", + "

    Your landlord can recover unpaid ground rent going back 6 years - they can ask you for the full amount in one go.

    ", + "

    Your landlord can only increase the ground rent if you agree to the increase or the lease says this can happen.

    ", + "

    Building insurance

    ", + "

    Your landlord will usually be responsible for insurance of the building (not the contents) - this will be part of your service charge.

    ", + "

    You have a right to:

    ", + "
  • ask for a summary of the insurance policy
    • ", + "
  • challenge the cost through a tribunal if you think it\u2019s unreasonable
    • ", + "

    Reserve or sinking funds

    ", + "

    You might have to pay into a fund to help cover any unexpected maintenance or repairs, like replacing the roof. There are rules about how landlords must manage these funds.

    ", + "

    You will not usually be able to get back any money you pay into them, for example if you move house.

    ", + "

    Consulting over charges

    ", + "

    You have the right to be consulted about charges for running or maintaining the building if you have to pay more than:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3250 for planned work
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3100 per year for work and services lasting more than 12 months
    • ", + "

    There are steps your landlord must follow when they consult you, known as a \u2018Section 20\u2019 consultation. There\u2019s a limit on how much you have to pay if you have not been consulted properly - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.

    ", + "

    Disputing a charge

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to a tribunal if you pay a charge and you:

    ", + "
  • think it\u2019s unreasonable
    • ", + "
  • think the standard of work it relates to is unsatisfactory
    • ", + "
  • do not think you should be paying it at all
    • ", + "

    Contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to the tribunal if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve agreed to pay the charge
    • ", + "
  • the dispute is already being dealt with, for example by the court
    • ", + "
  • you pay a fixed charge
    • ", + "

    Try mediation - you may also be able to change the management of your building instead.

    ", + "

    Your landlord can take you to court if you stop paying a charge you\u2019re responsible for.

    ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    The Leasehold Advisory Service has more information on service charges and other issues.

    ", + "

    Extending, changing or ending a lease

    ", + "

    Extending the lease

    ", + "

    You can ask the landlord to extend your lease at any time.

    ", + "

    You might be able to extend your lease by:

    ", + "
  • 90 years on a flat if you qualify
    • ", + "
  • 50 years on a house if you qualify
    • ", + "

    The Leasehold Advisory Service\u2019s (LAS) lease extension calculator gives you a guide to the costs of extending the lease of a flat.

    ", + "

    Changing the lease

    ", + "

    You can negotiate certain changes to the lease, sometimes known as \u2018varying the lease\u2019. Speak to your landlord first.

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree, you may be able to apply to a tribunal - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.

    ", + "

    Ending the lease

    ", + "

    It\u2019s very rare that a landlord can end the lease and evict you. There are some circumstances and leases that let them do this, sometimes known as \u2018forfeiture proceedings\u2019. They need to send you a formal written notice and get the court\u2019s permission.

    ", + "

    You can usually end a lease by giving at least 1 month\u2019s notice.

    ", + "

    The LAS has information about ending a lease.

    ", + "

    When the lease runs out

    ", + "

    You do not have to leave the property when the lease expires. In law, a lease is a tenancy and the leaseholder is a tenant. The tenancy will continue on exactly the same terms unless you or the landlord decide to end it.

    ", + "

    Buying the freehold

    ", + "

    You can ask the landlord to sell you the freehold at any time.

    ", + "

    There are different legal steps and rules depending on whether your home is a:

    ", + "
  • flat - you\u2019ll need to buy a share of the freehold
    • ", + "
  • house - you may have the right to buy the freehold
    • ", + "

    Right of first refusal

    ", + "

    Landlords who want to sell the freehold of a building containing flats usually have to offer the leaseholders the first chance to buy it. This is known as your right of first refusal.

    ", + "

    There are different rules and steps to buying the freehold of your home in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Right to Manage and management disputes

    ", + "

    You may be able to change the management of your building if you\u2019re unhappy with the way it\u2019s being run and you live in a leasehold flat. You can either:

    ", + "
  • ask a tribunal to appoint a new manager
    • ", + "
  • take over the management responsibilities, known as your \u2018Right to Manage\u2019
    • ", + "

    Appoint a new manager

    ", + "

    You must prove bad management if you want to appoint a new manager, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have to pay unreasonable service charges
    • ", + "
  • the landlord has not complied with an approved code of management practice
    • ", + "

    Apply to a tribunal in England, or the Leasehold Valuation Tribunals in Wales.

    ", + "

    You can only apply to the tribunal if you\u2019ve sent the landlord a \u2018Section 22 notice\u2019 - this gives them a chance to fix the problems. Contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.

    ", + "

    Right to Manage

    ", + "

    The Right to Manage lets you and the other leaseholders take over certain management responsibilities from the landlord without having to prove bad management.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to find out if you qualify - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.

    ", + "

    You and the other leaseholders can manage the building yourselves or pay a managing agent to do it.

    ", + "

    Leasehold disputes

    ", + "

    There is a different dispute process in Wales.

    ", + "

    You can use a mediation service to help you and your landlord come to an agreement if you are in dispute about your lease. You might have to pay a fee.

    ", + "

    You can also get free advice from the Leasehold Advisory Service (LAS) on issues like:

    ", + "
  • service charges
    • ", + "
  • extending your lease
    • ", + "
  • buying the freehold
    • ", + "

    Apply to a tribunal

    ", + "

    You can apply to a tribunal if you\u2019re in a dispute with your landlord, for example:

    ", + "
  • service or administration charges
    • ", + "
  • the cost of building insurance
    • ", + "
  • appointment of a manager
    • ", + "
  • Right to Manage
    • ", + "
  • breach of a lease
    • ", + "
  • varying a lease
    • ", + "
  • recognising a tenants\u2019 association
    • ", + "
  • buying the freehold
    • ", + "
  • extending the lease
    • ", + "

    Apply to the Leasehold Valuation Tribunals if you\u2019re in Wales.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting", + "title": "Private renting", + "content": "## Your rights and responsibilities\n\nYou have certain rights and responsibilities if you\u2019re a tenant in privately rented property.\n\n## Your rights\n\nAs a tenant, you have the right to:\n\n- live in a property that\u2019s safe and in a good state of repair\n\n- have your deposit returned when the tenancy ends - and in some circumstances have it protected\n\n- challenge excessively high charges\n\n- know who your landlord is\n\n- live in the property undisturbed\n\n- see an Energy Performance Certificate for the property\n\n- be protected from unfair eviction and unfair rent\n\n- have a written agreement if you have a fixed-term tenancy of more than 3 years\n\nIf you have a tenancy agreement, it should be fair and comply with the law.\n\nIf you do not know who your landlord is, write to the person or company you pay rent to. Your landlord can be fined If they do not give you this information within 21 days.\n\n## When you start a new tenancy\n\nWhen you start a new assured or short assured tenancy, your landlord must give you:\n\n- a copy of the How to rent guide if you live in England\n\n- a tenant information pack if you live in Scotland\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou should give your landlord access to the property to inspect it or carry out repairs. Your landlord has to give you at least 24 hours\u2019 notice and visit at a reasonable time of day, unless it\u2019s an emergency and they need immediate access.\n\nCoronavirus has not changed these rules, so you should work with your landlord to make sure that any visits are for an urgent reason (for example, you do not have hot water, heating or toilet facilities). Follow NHS guidelines if the visit must happen.\n\nYou can read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- take good care of the property, for example turn off the water at the mains if you\u2019re away in cold weather\n\n- pay the agreed rent, even if repairs are needed or you\u2019re in dispute with your landlord\n\n- pay other charges as agreed with the landlord, for example Council Tax or utility bills\n\n- repair or pay for any damage caused by you, your family or friends\n\n- only sublet a property if the tenancy agreement or your landlord allows it\n\nCoronavirus has not changed your responsibilities - continue to pay rent to the best of your ability and speak to your landlord if you cannot.\n\nYour landlord has the right to take legal action to evict you if you do not meet your responsibilities.\n\n## If your landlord lives outside the UK\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your landlord lives outside the UK and you pay \u00a3100 or more a week in rent directly to them.\n\nYou may have to deduct tax from your rent under HMRC\u2019s \u2018non-resident landlord scheme\u2019.\n\n## Document checks\n\nYou must prove that you have a right to rent property in England if you\u2019re:\n\n- starting a tenancy on or after 1 February 2016.\n\n- renting it as your main home.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou will not have to prove your right to rent if you live in:\n\n- student accommodation, for example halls of residence\n\n- accommodation provided by your employer as part of your job or training\n\n- social housing\n\n- accommodation provided by the council\n\n- hostels and refuges\n\n- a care home, hospital or hospice\n\n- accommodation with a lease of 7 or more years\n\nCheck the full list of exemptions from the right to rent property checks.\n\n## What your landlord must do\n\nYour landlord (or letting agent) must:\n\n- check your documents to make sure you have the right to rent a property in England\n\n- check the documents of any other adults living in the property\n\n- make copies of your documents and keep them until you leave the property\n\n- return your original documents to you once they\u2019ve finished the check\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) there are temporary changes to the way your landlord can check documents. They might ask you to share your documents digitally and do the checks on a video call.\n\nRead the list of acceptable documents.\n\nYour landlord must not discriminate against you, for example because of your nationality.\n\n## If you cannot prove your right to rent\n\nYou will not be able to rent property if you cannot provide the acceptable documents.\n\n## If the Home Office has your documents\n\nIf the Home Office has your documents because of an outstanding case or appeal, ask your landlord to check with the Home Office.\n\nGive your landlord your Home Office reference number to do the check.\n\n## If your circumstances mean you can still rent in the UK\n\nIn some circumstances, you can still rent even if you are not allowed to stay in the UK, for example if you\u2019re:\n\n- a victim of slavery\n\n- using the Home Office\u2019s voluntary departure scheme\n\nCheck with the Home Office team that\u2019s dealing with your case.\n\nYour landlord will have to check with the Home Office.\n\n## Repeat checks\n\nYou will not have a further check if you stay in the same property and one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re British\n\n- you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- you have no time limit on your right to stay in the UK\n\nYour landlord will have to make a repeat check if there\u2019s a time limit on your right to stay in the UK.\n\nYour landlord will ask to see your documents again just before your permission to stay runs out, or after 12 months, whichever is longer.\n\n## Your landlord's safety responsibilities\n\nYour landlord must keep the property you live in safe and free from health hazards.\n\nCoronavirus has not changed these rules, so you should work with your landlord to make sure that any necessary checks happen safely. Follow NHS guidelines if a visit must happen in person.\n\n## Gas safety\n\nYour landlord must:\n\n- make sure gas equipment they supply is safely installed and maintained by a Gas Safe registered engineer\n\n- have a registered engineer do an annual gas safety check on each appliance and flue\n\n- give you a copy of the gas safety check record before you move in, or within 28 days of the check\n\n## Electrical safety\n\nYour landlord must make sure:\n\n- the electrical system is safe, for example sockets and light fittings\n\n- all appliances they supply are safe, for example cookers and kettles\n\n## Fire safety\n\nYour landlord must:\n\n- follow safety regulations\n\n- provide a smoke alarm on each storey and a carbon monoxide alarm in any room with a solid fuel burning appliance (for example a coal fire or wood burning stove)\n\n- check you have access to escape routes at all times\n\n- make sure the furniture and furnishings they supply are fire safe\n\n- provide fire alarms and extinguishers if the property is a large house in multiple occupation (HMO)\n\n## Repairs\n\n## What your landlord must do\n\nYour landlord is always responsible for repairs to:\n\n- the property\u2019s structure and exterior\n\n- basins, sinks, baths and other sanitary fittings including pipes and drains\n\n- heating and hot water\n\n- gas appliances, pipes, flues and ventilation\n\n- electrical wiring\n\n- any damage they cause by attempting repairs\n\nYour landlord is usually responsible for repairing common areas, for example staircases in blocks of flats. Check your tenancy agreement if you\u2019re unsure.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou should only carry out repairs if the tenancy agreement says you can.\n\nYou cannot be forced to do repairs that are your landlord\u2019s responsibility.\n\nIf you damage another tenant\u2019s flat, for example if water leaks into another flat from an overflowing bath, you\u2019re responsible for paying for the repairs. You\u2019re also responsible for paying to put right any damage caused by your family and friends.\n\n## If your property needs repairs\n\nContact your landlord if you think repairs are needed. Do this straight away for faults that could damage health, for example faulty electrical wiring.\n\nYour landlord should tell you when you can expect the repairs to be done. You should carry on paying rent while you\u2019re waiting.\n\nCoronavirus has not changed these rules, so you should work with your landlord to make sure that any urgent repairs happen safely. Follow NHS guidelines if the repair must happen.\n\n## If repairs are not done\n\nContact the environmental health department at your local council for help. They must take action if they think the problems could harm you or cause a nuisance to others.\n\nContact the Private Rented Housing Panel (PRHP) if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\n## If your house is not fit to live in\n\nIf you think your home\u2019s unsafe, contact housing department at your local council. They\u2019ll do a Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) assessment and must take action if they think your home has serious health and safety hazards.\n\nThere are different:\n\n- housing standards and procedures in Scotland\n\n- housing standards and procedures in Northern Ireland\n\n## Rent increases\n\nYour tenancy agreement should include how and when the rent will be reviewed.\n\nThere are special rules for increasing protected (sometimes known as \u2018regulated\u2019) tenancy rents.\n\n## When your landlord can increase rent\n\nFor a periodic tenancy (rolling on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis) your landlord cannot normally increase the rent more than once a year without your agreement.\n\nFor a fixed-term tenancy (running for a set period) your landlord can only increase the rent if you agree. If you do not agree, the rent can only be increased when the fixed term ends.\n\n## General rules around rent increases\n\nFor any tenancy:\n\n- your landlord must get your permission if they want to increase the rent by more than previously agreed\n\n- the rent increase must be fair and realistic, which means in line with average local rents\n\n## How your landlord must propose a rent increase\n\nIf the tenancy agreement lays down a procedure for increasing rent, your landlord must stick to this. Otherwise, your landlord can:\n\n- renew your tenancy agreement at the end of the fixed term, but with an increased rent\n\n- agree a rent increase with you and produce a written record of the agreement that you both sign\n\n- use a \u2018Landlord\u2019s notice proposing a new rent\u2019 form, which increases the rent after the fixed term has ended\n\nYour landlord must give you a minimum of one month\u2019s notice (if you pay rent weekly or monthly). If you have a yearly tenancy, they must give you 6 months\u2019 notice.\n\n## Rent disputes\n\nYou can apply to a tribunal to decide on certain rent disputes in England.\n\nThere are different ways to:\n\n- solve rent disputes in Scotland\n\n- solve rent disputes in Wales\n\n- solve rent disputes in Northern Ireland\n\n## Rent increase\n\nYou can only apply to the tribunal if:\n\n- you have an assured or assured shorthold tenancy\n\n- your rent\u2019s been increased as part of a \u2018section 13 procedure\u2019 - the letter from your landlord will say if it has, and will tell you more about applying to the tribunal\n\nYou must apply before the new rent is due to start.\n\n## New rental terms\n\nYou can ask the tribunal to decide new rental terms when you renew your tenancy.\n\n## Rent set by rent officer\n\nContact the Valuation Office Agency if you have a regulated or protected tenancy.\n\nIf a rent officer has set your rent before, the only way to increase it is to have a rent officer set a new rent. If a rent officer has not set your rent before, they can set a rent limit. The landlord cannot charge more.\n\nYou can appeal against a rent officer\u2019s decision. They may pass your case to a tribunal, which can make a final decision on the rent.\n\n## If you think your rent is high when you start a tenancy\n\nYou may be able to apply to the tribunal. Contact Citizens Advice for advice.\n\nYou must apply within 6 weeks of moving in.\n\n## Rent arrears\n\nYour landlord can evict you if you fall behind with your rent - you could lose your home.\n\nCoronavirus (COVID-19) has not changed this, but there are new rules that mean your landlord must give you at least 6 months\u2019 notice if they plan to evict you, unless you owe at least 6 months\u2019 rent. Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\nIf you are unable to pay your rent due to coronavirus, speak to your landlord as soon as possible.\n\nYou can get advice if you\u2019re in rent arrears or having difficulty paying your rent from:\n\n- Money Advice Service\n\n- Shelter\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n## Deposits\n\nYou may have to pay a deposit before you move in. Contact your local council about possible rent or deposit guarantee schemes if you\u2019re having difficulty paying the deposit.\n\n## Deposit protection\n\nYour landlord must put your deposit in a government-approved tenancy deposit protection scheme if you have an assured shorthold tenancy (AST) that started after 6 April 2007 (in England and Wales).\n\n## Deposit disputes\n\nContact the tenancy deposit protection scheme your landlord used if you cannot get your deposit back.\n\n## Houses in multiple occupation\n\nYour home is a house in multiple occupation (HMO) if both of the following apply:\n\n- at least 3 tenants live there, forming more than 1 household\n\n- you share toilet, bathroom or kitchen facilities with other tenants\n\nYour home is a large HMO if both of the following apply:\n\n- at least 5 tenants live there, forming more than 1 household\n\n- you share toilet, bathroom or kitchen facilities with other tenants\n\nA household is either a single person or members of the same family who live together. A family includes people who are:\n\n- married or living together - including people in same-sex relationships\n\n- relatives or half-relatives, for example grandparents, aunts, uncles, siblings\n\n- step-parents and step-children\n\n## Standards, obligations and how to complain\n\nIf you live in a large HMO, your landlord must meet certain standards and obligations. Find out more about HMOs from Shelter.\n\nContact your local council to report hazards in your HMO. The council is responsible for enforcing HMO standards and can make a landlord take action to correct any problems.\n\n## Reclaim rent\n\nAll large HMOs need a licence from the local council.\n\nYou may be able to apply to a tribunal to reclaim some of your rent if your landlord has been prosecuted by the council for running an unlicensed HMO.\n\n## HMOs and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nIf you live in an HMO, you and all the other residents should:\n\n- follow the general guidance about staying at home and social distancing\n\n- behave in the same way as a single household if one of you has symptoms of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\n- make sure all shared areas are cleaned regularly and kept well ventilated\n\n## Anti-social behaviour\n\nReport anti-social behaviour to your local council.\n\nYour council can take over the management of a property to stop anti-social behaviour.\n\nIt can also create a \u2018selective licensing scheme\u2019 if people in several houses in an area are behaving anti-socially. All landlords of properties in that area must then have a licence to show they\u2019re meeting minimum standards.\n\n## Changes to a regulated tenancy\n\nThere are special rules for changing rents and terms for regulated tenancies (usually starting before 15 January 1989).\n\n## When your landlord can increase rent\n\nYour landlord can only increase the rent up to the registered rent, which is the legal maximum set by a rent officer from the Valuation Office Agency (VOA). This is sometimes called \u2018fair rent\u2019.\n\nCheck the register of rents to find out if the rent is registered and how much it is.\n\nYou or your landlord can ask the VOA to review the rent so that it remains fair, usually every 2 years. You can request it sooner if there\u2019s a major change to the home (for example, repairs or improvements).\n\nFill in the fair rent review form and send it to the address on the form.\n\n## If your rent increases\n\nYour landlord must serve you a notice of increase of rent in writing. It must include details of the changes, for example how much the rent will increase by and when it will start.\n\nYour landlord can do this with an official notice of increase form, which they can get from legal stationers.\n\nAn increase in rent may be backdated to the date of the notice, but it cannot be backdated by more than 4 weeks or to earlier than the date it\u2019s registered.\n\n## If you think a registered rent increase is too high\n\nYou can appeal against the VOA\u2019s decision to increase a registered rent by writing to the rent officer within 28 days of receiving it. You can appeal later but only if you have a good reason for the delay, for example if you\u2019ve been in hospital.\n\nThe registered rent may be reconsidered by a tribunal - it will make a final decision on the rent limit for the property.\n\n## Cancel a registered rent\n\nDownload and fill in an application form to cancel a registered rent and send it to the address on the form (for example, if the tenancy stops being regulated, or you and your landlord agree to cancel it).\n\nIt may take up to 6 weeks to cancel a registered rent.\n\n## Complaints\n\nFollow these steps if you have a problem with your landlord:\n\n- Complain to your landlord - they should have a complaints policy that you can follow.\n\n- Make a complaint to a \u2018designated person\u2019 (your MP, a local councillor or a tenant panel) if you cannot resolve the problem with your landlord.\n\n- Contact your council or local authority if you and your landlord still cannot resolve the problem.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Your rights and responsibilities

    ", + "

    You have certain rights and responsibilities if you\u2019re a tenant in privately rented property.

    ", + "

    Your rights

    ", + "

    As a tenant, you have the right to:

    ", + "
  • live in a property that\u2019s safe and in a good state of repair
    • ", + "
  • have your deposit returned when the tenancy ends - and in some circumstances have it protected
    • ", + "
  • challenge excessively high charges
    • ", + "
  • know who your landlord is
    • ", + "
  • live in the property undisturbed
    • ", + "
  • see an Energy Performance Certificate for the property
    • ", + "
  • be protected from unfair eviction and unfair rent
    • ", + "
  • have a written agreement if you have a fixed-term tenancy of more than 3 years
    • ", + "

    If you have a tenancy agreement, it should be fair and comply with the law.

    ", + "

    If you do not know who your landlord is, write to the person or company you pay rent to. Your landlord can be fined If they do not give you this information within 21 days.

    ", + "

    When you start a new tenancy

    ", + "

    When you start a new assured or short assured tenancy, your landlord must give you:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the How to rent guide if you live in England
    • ", + "
  • a tenant information pack if you live in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You should give your landlord access to the property to inspect it or carry out repairs. Your landlord has to give you at least 24 hours\u2019 notice and visit at a reasonable time of day, unless it\u2019s an emergency and they need immediate access.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus has not changed these rules, so you should work with your landlord to make sure that any visits are for an urgent reason (for example, you do not have hot water, heating or toilet facilities). Follow NHS guidelines if the visit must happen.

    ", + "

    You can read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • take good care of the property, for example turn off the water at the mains if you\u2019re away in cold weather
    • ", + "
  • pay the agreed rent, even if repairs are needed or you\u2019re in dispute with your landlord
    • ", + "
  • pay other charges as agreed with the landlord, for example Council Tax or utility bills
    • ", + "
  • repair or pay for any damage caused by you, your family or friends
    • ", + "
  • only sublet a property if the tenancy agreement or your landlord allows it
    • ", + "

    Coronavirus has not changed your responsibilities - continue to pay rent to the best of your ability and speak to your landlord if you cannot.

    ", + "

    Your landlord has the right to take legal action to evict you if you do not meet your responsibilities.

    ", + "

    If your landlord lives outside the UK

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your landlord lives outside the UK and you pay \u00a3100 or more a week in rent directly to them.

    ", + "

    You may have to deduct tax from your rent under HMRC\u2019s \u2018non-resident landlord scheme\u2019.

    ", + "

    Document checks

    ", + "

    You must prove that you have a right to rent property in England if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • starting a tenancy on or after 1 February 2016.
    • ", + "
  • renting it as your main home.
    • ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You will not have to prove your right to rent if you live in:

    ", + "
  • student accommodation, for example halls of residence
    • ", + "
  • accommodation provided by your employer as part of your job or training
    • ", + "
  • social housing
    • ", + "
  • accommodation provided by the council
    • ", + "
  • hostels and refuges
    • ", + "
  • a care home, hospital or hospice
    • ", + "
  • accommodation with a lease of 7 or more years
    • ", + "

    Check the full list of exemptions from the right to rent property checks.

    ", + "

    What your landlord must do

    ", + "

    Your landlord (or letting agent) must:

    ", + "
  • check your documents to make sure you have the right to rent a property in England
    • ", + "
  • check the documents of any other adults living in the property
    • ", + "
  • make copies of your documents and keep them until you leave the property
    • ", + "
  • return your original documents to you once they\u2019ve finished the check
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) there are temporary changes to the way your landlord can check documents. They might ask you to share your documents digitally and do the checks on a video call.

    ", + "

    Read the list of acceptable documents.

    ", + "

    Your landlord must not discriminate against you, for example because of your nationality.

    ", + "

    If you cannot prove your right to rent

    ", + "

    You will not be able to rent property if you cannot provide the acceptable documents.

    ", + "

    If the Home Office has your documents

    ", + "

    If the Home Office has your documents because of an outstanding case or appeal, ask your landlord to check with the Home Office.

    ", + "

    Give your landlord your Home Office reference number to do the check.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances mean you can still rent in the UK

    ", + "

    In some circumstances, you can still rent even if you are not allowed to stay in the UK, for example if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a victim of slavery
    • ", + "
  • using the Home Office\u2019s voluntary departure scheme
    • ", + "

    Check with the Home Office team that\u2019s dealing with your case.

    ", + "

    Your landlord will have to check with the Home Office.

    ", + "

    Repeat checks

    ", + "

    You will not have a further check if you stay in the same property and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re British
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • you have no time limit on your right to stay in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your landlord will have to make a repeat check if there\u2019s a time limit on your right to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your landlord will ask to see your documents again just before your permission to stay runs out, or after 12 months, whichever is longer.

    ", + "

    Your landlord's safety responsibilities

    ", + "

    Your landlord must keep the property you live in safe and free from health hazards.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus has not changed these rules, so you should work with your landlord to make sure that any necessary checks happen safely. Follow NHS guidelines if a visit must happen in person.

    ", + "

    Gas safety

    ", + "

    Your landlord must:

    ", + "
  • make sure gas equipment they supply is safely installed and maintained by a Gas Safe registered engineer
    • ", + "
  • have a registered engineer do an annual gas safety check on each appliance and flue
    • ", + "
  • give you a copy of the gas safety check record before you move in, or within 28 days of the check
    • ", + "

    Electrical safety

    ", + "

    Your landlord must make sure:

    ", + "
  • the electrical system is safe, for example sockets and light fittings
    • ", + "
  • all appliances they supply are safe, for example cookers and kettles
    • ", + "

    Fire safety

    ", + "

    Your landlord must:

    ", + "
  • follow safety regulations
    • ", + "
  • provide a smoke alarm on each storey and a carbon monoxide alarm in any room with a solid fuel burning appliance (for example a coal fire or wood burning stove)
    • ", + "
  • check you have access to escape routes at all times
    • ", + "
  • make sure the furniture and furnishings they supply are fire safe
    • ", + "
  • provide fire alarms and extinguishers if the property is a large house in multiple occupation (HMO)
    • ", + "

    Repairs

    ", + "

    What your landlord must do

    ", + "

    Your landlord is always responsible for repairs to:

    ", + "
  • the property\u2019s structure and exterior
    • ", + "
  • basins, sinks, baths and other sanitary fittings including pipes and drains
    • ", + "
  • heating and hot water
    • ", + "
  • gas appliances, pipes, flues and ventilation
    • ", + "
  • electrical wiring
    • ", + "
  • any damage they cause by attempting repairs
    • ", + "

    Your landlord is usually responsible for repairing common areas, for example staircases in blocks of flats. Check your tenancy agreement if you\u2019re unsure.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You should only carry out repairs if the tenancy agreement says you can.

    ", + "

    You cannot be forced to do repairs that are your landlord\u2019s responsibility.

    ", + "

    If you damage another tenant\u2019s flat, for example if water leaks into another flat from an overflowing bath, you\u2019re responsible for paying for the repairs. You\u2019re also responsible for paying to put right any damage caused by your family and friends.

    ", + "

    If your property needs repairs

    ", + "

    Contact your landlord if you think repairs are needed. Do this straight away for faults that could damage health, for example faulty electrical wiring.

    ", + "

    Your landlord should tell you when you can expect the repairs to be done. You should carry on paying rent while you\u2019re waiting.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus has not changed these rules, so you should work with your landlord to make sure that any urgent repairs happen safely. Follow NHS guidelines if the repair must happen.

    ", + "

    If repairs are not done

    ", + "

    Contact the environmental health department at your local council for help. They must take action if they think the problems could harm you or cause a nuisance to others.

    ", + "

    Contact the Private Rented Housing Panel (PRHP) if you\u2019re in Scotland.

    ", + "

    If your house is not fit to live in

    ", + "

    If you think your home\u2019s unsafe, contact housing department at your local council. They\u2019ll do a Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) assessment and must take action if they think your home has serious health and safety hazards.

    ", + "

    There are different:

    ", + "
  • housing standards and procedures in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • housing standards and procedures in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Rent increases

    ", + "

    Your tenancy agreement should include how and when the rent will be reviewed.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for increasing protected (sometimes known as \u2018regulated\u2019) tenancy rents.

    ", + "

    When your landlord can increase rent

    ", + "

    For a periodic tenancy (rolling on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis) your landlord cannot normally increase the rent more than once a year without your agreement.

    ", + "

    For a fixed-term tenancy (running for a set period) your landlord can only increase the rent if you agree. If you do not agree, the rent can only be increased when the fixed term ends.

    ", + "

    General rules around rent increases

    ", + "

    For any tenancy:

    ", + "
  • your landlord must get your permission if they want to increase the rent by more than previously agreed
    • ", + "
  • the rent increase must be fair and realistic, which means in line with average local rents
    • ", + "

    How your landlord must propose a rent increase

    ", + "

    If the tenancy agreement lays down a procedure for increasing rent, your landlord must stick to this. Otherwise, your landlord can:

    ", + "
  • renew your tenancy agreement at the end of the fixed term, but with an increased rent
    • ", + "
  • agree a rent increase with you and produce a written record of the agreement that you both sign
    • ", + "
  • use a \u2018Landlord\u2019s notice proposing a new rent\u2019 form, which increases the rent after the fixed term has ended
    • ", + "

    Your landlord must give you a minimum of one month\u2019s notice (if you pay rent weekly or monthly). If you have a yearly tenancy, they must give you 6 months\u2019 notice.

    ", + "

    Rent disputes

    ", + "

    You can apply to a tribunal to decide on certain rent disputes in England.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to:

    ", + "
  • solve rent disputes in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • solve rent disputes in Wales
    • ", + "
  • solve rent disputes in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Rent increase

    ", + "

    You can only apply to the tribunal if:

    ", + "
  • you have an assured or assured shorthold tenancy
    • ", + "
  • your rent\u2019s been increased as part of a \u2018section 13 procedure\u2019 - the letter from your landlord will say if it has, and will tell you more about applying to the tribunal
    • ", + "

    You must apply before the new rent is due to start.

    ", + "

    New rental terms

    ", + "

    You can ask the tribunal to decide new rental terms when you renew your tenancy.

    ", + "

    Rent set by rent officer

    ", + "

    Contact the Valuation Office Agency if you have a regulated or protected tenancy.

    ", + "

    If a rent officer has set your rent before, the only way to increase it is to have a rent officer set a new rent. If a rent officer has not set your rent before, they can set a rent limit. The landlord cannot charge more.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against a rent officer\u2019s decision. They may pass your case to a tribunal, which can make a final decision on the rent.

    ", + "

    If you think your rent is high when you start a tenancy

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to the tribunal. Contact Citizens Advice for advice.

    ", + "

    You must apply within 6 weeks of moving in.

    ", + "

    Rent arrears

    ", + "

    Your landlord can evict you if you fall behind with your rent - you could lose your home.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) has not changed this, but there are new rules that mean your landlord must give you at least 6 months\u2019 notice if they plan to evict you, unless you owe at least 6 months\u2019 rent. Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    ", + "

    If you are unable to pay your rent due to coronavirus, speak to your landlord as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    You can get advice if you\u2019re in rent arrears or having difficulty paying your rent from:

    ", + "
  • Money Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "

    Deposits

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a deposit before you move in. Contact your local council about possible rent or deposit guarantee schemes if you\u2019re having difficulty paying the deposit.

    ", + "

    Deposit protection

    ", + "

    Your landlord must put your deposit in a government-approved tenancy deposit protection scheme if you have an assured shorthold tenancy (AST) that started after 6 April 2007 (in England and Wales).

    ", + "

    Deposit disputes

    ", + "

    Contact the tenancy deposit protection scheme your landlord used if you cannot get your deposit back.

    ", + "

    Houses in multiple occupation

    ", + "

    Your home is a house in multiple occupation (HMO) if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • at least 3 tenants live there, forming more than 1 household
    • ", + "
  • you share toilet, bathroom or kitchen facilities with other tenants
    • ", + "

    Your home is a large HMO if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • at least 5 tenants live there, forming more than 1 household
    • ", + "
  • you share toilet, bathroom or kitchen facilities with other tenants
    • ", + "

    A household is either a single person or members of the same family who live together. A family includes people who are:

    ", + "
  • married or living together - including people in same-sex relationships
    • ", + "
  • relatives or half-relatives, for example grandparents, aunts, uncles, siblings
    • ", + "
  • step-parents and step-children
    • ", + "

    Standards, obligations and how to complain

    ", + "

    If you live in a large HMO, your landlord must meet certain standards and obligations. Find out more about HMOs from Shelter.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council to report hazards in your HMO. The council is responsible for enforcing HMO standards and can make a landlord take action to correct any problems.

    ", + "

    Reclaim rent

    ", + "

    All large HMOs need a licence from the local council.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to a tribunal to reclaim some of your rent if your landlord has been prosecuted by the council for running an unlicensed HMO.

    ", + "

    HMOs and coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    If you live in an HMO, you and all the other residents should:

    ", + "
  • follow the general guidance about staying at home and social distancing
    • ", + "
  • behave in the same way as a single household if one of you has symptoms of coronavirus (COVID-19)
    • ", + "
  • make sure all shared areas are cleaned regularly and kept well ventilated
    • ", + "

    Anti-social behaviour

    ", + "

    Report anti-social behaviour to your local council.

    ", + "

    Your council can take over the management of a property to stop anti-social behaviour.

    ", + "

    It can also create a \u2018selective licensing scheme\u2019 if people in several houses in an area are behaving anti-socially. All landlords of properties in that area must then have a licence to show they\u2019re meeting minimum standards.

    ", + "

    Changes to a regulated tenancy

    ", + "

    There are special rules for changing rents and terms for regulated tenancies (usually starting before 15 January 1989).

    ", + "

    When your landlord can increase rent

    ", + "

    Your landlord can only increase the rent up to the registered rent, which is the legal maximum set by a rent officer from the Valuation Office Agency (VOA). This is sometimes called \u2018fair rent\u2019.

    ", + "

    Check the register of rents to find out if the rent is registered and how much it is.

    ", + "

    You or your landlord can ask the VOA to review the rent so that it remains fair, usually every 2 years. You can request it sooner if there\u2019s a major change to the home (for example, repairs or improvements).

    ", + "

    Fill in the fair rent review form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    If your rent increases

    ", + "

    Your landlord must serve you a notice of increase of rent in writing. It must include details of the changes, for example how much the rent will increase by and when it will start.

    ", + "

    Your landlord can do this with an official notice of increase form, which they can get from legal stationers.

    ", + "

    An increase in rent may be backdated to the date of the notice, but it cannot be backdated by more than 4 weeks or to earlier than the date it\u2019s registered.

    ", + "

    If you think a registered rent increase is too high

    ", + "

    You can appeal against the VOA\u2019s decision to increase a registered rent by writing to the rent officer within 28 days of receiving it. You can appeal later but only if you have a good reason for the delay, for example if you\u2019ve been in hospital.

    ", + "

    The registered rent may be reconsidered by a tribunal - it will make a final decision on the rent limit for the property.

    ", + "

    Cancel a registered rent

    ", + "

    Download and fill in an application form to cancel a registered rent and send it to the address on the form (for example, if the tenancy stops being regulated, or you and your landlord agree to cancel it).

    ", + "

    It may take up to 6 weeks to cancel a registered rent.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    Follow these steps if you have a problem with your landlord:

    ", + "
  • Complain to your landlord - they should have a complaints policy that you can follow.
    • ", + "
  • Make a complaint to a \u2018designated person\u2019 (your MP, a local councillor or a tenant panel) if you cannot resolve the problem with your landlord.
    • ", + "
  • Contact your council or local authority if you and your landlord still cannot resolve the problem.
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting-tenancy-agreements": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting-tenancy-agreements", + "title": "Private renting for tenants: tenancy agreements", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA tenancy agreement is a contract between you and a landlord.\n\nIt lets you live in a property as long as you pay rent and follow the rules. It also sets out the legal terms and conditions of your tenancy. It can be written down or oral (a spoken agreement).\n\nA tenancy can either be:\n\n- fixed-term (running for a set period of time)\n\n- periodic (running on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis)\n\n## Rights and responsibilities\n\nBoth you and your landlord have certain rights and responsibilities, whether or not you have a tenancy agreement.\n\n## Tenancy types\n\n## Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)\n\nThe most common form of tenancy is an AST. Most new tenancies are automatically this type.\n\nA tenancy can be an AST if all of the following apply:\n\n- the property you rent is private\n\n- your tenancy started on or after 15 January 1989\n\n- the property is your main accommodation\n\n- your landlord does not live in the property\n\nA tenancy cannot be an AST if:\n\n- it began or was agreed before 15 January 1989\n\n- the rent is more than \u00a3100,000 a year\n\n- the rent is less than \u00a3250 a year (less than \u00a31,000 in London)\n\n- it\u2019s a business tenancy or tenancy of licensed premises\n\n- the property is a holiday let\n\n- your landlord is a local council\n\n## Other tenancies\n\nThere are other tenancies that are not as common as ASTs, including:\n\n## Excluded tenancies or licences\n\nYou may have an excluded tenancy or licence if you lodge with your landlord and share rooms with them, like a kitchen or bathroom. You\u2019ll usually have less protection from eviction with this type of agreement.\n\n## Assured tenancies\n\nTenancies starting between 15 January 1989 and 27 February 1997 may be assured. You\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction with this type of agreement.\n\n## Regulated tenancies\n\nTenancies starting before 15 January 1989 may be regulated. You\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction and can apply for a \u2018fair rent\u2019.\n\nShelter has information on the different types of private tenancies and a tenancy checker so you can check which tenancy you have.\n\n## What should be in a tenancy agreement\n\nA tenancy agreement should include:\n\n- the names of all people involved\n\n- the rental price and how it\u2019s paid\n\n- information on how and when the rent will be reviewed\n\n- the deposit amount and how it will be protected\n\n- details of when the deposit can be fully or partly withheld (for example to repair damage you\u2019ve caused)\n\n- the property address\n\n- the start and end date of the tenancy\n\n- any tenant or landlord obligations\n\n- an outline of bills you\u2019re responsible for\n\nIt can also include information on:\n\n- whether the tenancy can be ended early and how this can be done\n\n- who\u2019s responsible for minor repairs (other than those that the landlord is legally responsible for)\n\n- whether the property can be let to someone else (sublet) or have lodgers\n\nThe terms of the tenancy must be fair and comply with the law.\n\nYour tenancy agreement cannot have anything in it that may indirectly discriminate against you.\n\nGet legal advice before signing an agreement if you\u2019re unsure of any terms. Once you\u2019re happy with it, sign the agreement and get a copy of it.\n\nCitizens Advice has a guide on tenancy agreements.\n\n## Changes to tenancy agreements\n\nBoth you and your landlord must agree in order to change the terms of the tenancy agreement.\n\n## Preventing discrimination\n\nYou cannot be discriminated against or harassed by your landlord because of:\n\n- age\n\n- gender\n\n- sexual orientation\n\n- disability (or because of something connected with your disability)\n\n- religion or belief\n\n- race\n\n- being a transgender person\n\n- being pregnant or having a baby\n\n## How to end your tenancy\n\n## Tenancies\n\nYou can read the guidance on moving house during the coronavirus outbreak.\n\nYour tenancy agreement should say how much notice you need to give your landlord before you leave the property.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for paying rent for your entire fixed-term tenancy. You can move out early without paying rent for the full tenancy if:\n\n- there is a break clause in your tenancy agreement\n\n- your landlord agrees to end the tenancy early\n\nShelter has information about ending a tenancy.\n\n## Licence agreements\n\nIf your licence automatically runs out after a specific date and you want to end the agreement, you should let your landlord know this before your licence runs out.\n\n## If your landlord wants to end your tenancy\n\nIf your landlord wants you to leave, they must give you notice in a particular way, including certain information and warnings. This depends on the type of tenancy agreement and its terms.\n\nSome rules about length of notice have changed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)\n\nYour landlord can take back their property without giving any reason if you have either:\n\n- a periodic tenancy\n\n- a fixed-term tenancy that has ended\n\nTo do this, both of the following must apply:\n\n- they\u2019ve protected your deposit in a deposit protection scheme\n\n- the date you must leave is at least 6 months after your original tenancy began (the one you had on first moving in)\n\n## How much notice your landlord must give\n\nThey must give you written notice that they want the property back (\u2018notice to quit\u2019). They must give you:\n\n- 2 months if they gave you notice before 26 March 2020\n\n- 3 months if they gave you notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020\n\n- 6 months if they gave you notice on or after 29 August 2020\n\nThis change is because of coronavirus.\n\nThe notice must tell you the date you have to leave.\n\n## If your tenancy started or was renewed after 1 October 2015\n\nYour landlord cannot evict you if they\u2019ve been served notice by the council because of a complaint you made to the council about the living conditions in the property.\n\nYour landlord must also have given you:\n\n- a copy of the leaflet \u2018How to rent: the checklist for renting in England\u2019\n\n- an energy performance certificate\n\n- a gas safety certificate\n\nIn England, they must use \u2018form 6a\u2019 to give you notice. This is also known as \u2018Notice seeking possession of a property let on an Assured Shorthold Tenancy\u2019. In Wales, they do not need to use form 6a but must give you notice in writing.\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to leave during the fixed term\n\nYour landlord can only ask you to leave during the fixed term if they have certain reasons (\u2018grounds\u2019). For example, if:\n\n- you\u2019re behind with your rent payments (\u2018in arrears\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ve used the property for illegal purposes, like selling drugs\n\n- you\u2019ve damaged the property\n\nUsually, the notice period they must give varies up to 2 months.\n\nIf you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must give you 3 months to leave the property.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been given notice since 29 August 2020, your landlord must give you 6 months to leave. You might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\nIn Wales, the notice period must be:\n\n- at least 6 months for any notice given on or after 24 July 2020\n\n- at least 3 months for notices relating to antisocial behaviour\n\nThis is because of coronavirus.\n\n## Assured tenancies\n\nYour landlord will need to use one of the reasons or \u2018grounds\u2019 for possession in the Housing Act 1988.\n\n## Excluded tenancies or licences\n\nYou\u2019ll often have an excluded tenancy or licence if you live with your landlord as a lodger and share rooms with them.\n\nYour landlord only needs to give \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. Usually this means the length of the rental payment period \u2013 so if you pay rent monthly, you\u2019ll get one month\u2019s notice.\n\nThe notice does not have to be in writing.\n\n## Non-excluded tenancy or licence\n\nYour landlord can end the let at any time by serving a written \u2018notice to quit\u2019. The notice period will depend on the tenancy or agreement, but is often at least 4 weeks.\n\n## Break clauses\n\nIf there\u2019s a break clause in the tenancy agreement, your landlord can give you notice after this. However, your landlord does not have a guaranteed right to possession during the first 6 months of the tenancy.\n\n## If you do not leave the property\n\nYour landlord cannot remove you by force. If the notice period expires and you do not leave the property, your landlord may start the process of eviction through the courts.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A tenancy agreement is a contract between you and a landlord.

    ", + "

    It lets you live in a property as long as you pay rent and follow the rules. It also sets out the legal terms and conditions of your tenancy. It can be written down or oral (a spoken agreement).

    ", + "

    A tenancy can either be:

    ", + "
  • fixed-term (running for a set period of time)
    • ", + "
  • periodic (running on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis)
    • ", + "

    Rights and responsibilities

    ", + "

    Both you and your landlord have certain rights and responsibilities, whether or not you have a tenancy agreement.

    ", + "

    Tenancy types

    ", + "

    Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)

    ", + "

    The most common form of tenancy is an AST. Most new tenancies are automatically this type.

    ", + "

    A tenancy can be an AST if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the property you rent is private
    • ", + "
  • your tenancy started on or after 15 January 1989
    • ", + "
  • the property is your main accommodation
    • ", + "
  • your landlord does not live in the property
    • ", + "

    A tenancy cannot be an AST if:

    ", + "
  • it began or was agreed before 15 January 1989
    • ", + "
  • the rent is more than \u00a3100,000 a year
    • ", + "
  • the rent is less than \u00a3250 a year (less than \u00a31,000 in London)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a business tenancy or tenancy of licensed premises
    • ", + "
  • the property is a holiday let
    • ", + "
  • your landlord is a local council
    • ", + "

    Other tenancies

    ", + "

    There are other tenancies that are not as common as ASTs, including:

    ", + "

    Excluded tenancies or licences

    ", + "

    You may have an excluded tenancy or licence if you lodge with your landlord and share rooms with them, like a kitchen or bathroom. You\u2019ll usually have less protection from eviction with this type of agreement.

    ", + "

    Assured tenancies

    ", + "

    Tenancies starting between 15 January 1989 and 27 February 1997 may be assured. You\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction with this type of agreement.

    ", + "

    Regulated tenancies

    ", + "

    Tenancies starting before 15 January 1989 may be regulated. You\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction and can apply for a \u2018fair rent\u2019.

    ", + "

    Shelter has information on the different types of private tenancies and a tenancy checker so you can check which tenancy you have.

    ", + "

    What should be in a tenancy agreement

    ", + "

    A tenancy agreement should include:

    ", + "
  • the names of all people involved
    • ", + "
  • the rental price and how it\u2019s paid
    • ", + "
  • information on how and when the rent will be reviewed
    • ", + "
  • the deposit amount and how it will be protected
    • ", + "
  • details of when the deposit can be fully or partly withheld (for example to repair damage you\u2019ve caused)
    • ", + "
  • the property address
    • ", + "
  • the start and end date of the tenancy
    • ", + "
  • any tenant or landlord obligations
    • ", + "
  • an outline of bills you\u2019re responsible for
    • ", + "

    It can also include information on:

    ", + "
  • whether the tenancy can be ended early and how this can be done
    • ", + "
  • who\u2019s responsible for minor repairs (other than those that the landlord is legally responsible for)
    • ", + "
  • whether the property can be let to someone else (sublet) or have lodgers
    • ", + "

    The terms of the tenancy must be fair and comply with the law.

    ", + "

    Your tenancy agreement cannot have anything in it that may indirectly discriminate against you.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice before signing an agreement if you\u2019re unsure of any terms. Once you\u2019re happy with it, sign the agreement and get a copy of it.

    ", + "

    Citizens Advice has a guide on tenancy agreements.

    ", + "

    Changes to tenancy agreements

    ", + "

    Both you and your landlord must agree in order to change the terms of the tenancy agreement.

    ", + "

    Preventing discrimination

    ", + "

    You cannot be discriminated against or harassed by your landlord because of:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • gender
    • ", + "
  • sexual orientation
    • ", + "
  • disability (or because of something connected with your disability)
    • ", + "
  • religion or belief
    • ", + "
  • race
    • ", + "
  • being a transgender person
    • ", + "
  • being pregnant or having a baby
    • ", + "

    How to end your tenancy

    ", + "

    Tenancies

    ", + "

    You can read the guidance on moving house during the coronavirus outbreak.

    ", + "

    Your tenancy agreement should say how much notice you need to give your landlord before you leave the property.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for paying rent for your entire fixed-term tenancy. You can move out early without paying rent for the full tenancy if:

    ", + "
  • there is a break clause in your tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • your landlord agrees to end the tenancy early
    • ", + "

    Shelter has information about ending a tenancy.

    ", + "

    Licence agreements

    ", + "

    If your licence automatically runs out after a specific date and you want to end the agreement, you should let your landlord know this before your licence runs out.

    ", + "

    If your landlord wants to end your tenancy

    ", + "

    If your landlord wants you to leave, they must give you notice in a particular way, including certain information and warnings. This depends on the type of tenancy agreement and its terms.

    ", + "

    Some rules about length of notice have changed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)

    ", + "

    Your landlord can take back their property without giving any reason if you have either:

    ", + "
  • a periodic tenancy
    • ", + "
  • a fixed-term tenancy that has ended
    • ", + "

    To do this, both of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve protected your deposit in a deposit protection scheme
    • ", + "
  • the date you must leave is at least 6 months after your original tenancy began (the one you had on first moving in)
    • ", + "

    How much notice your landlord must give

    ", + "

    They must give you written notice that they want the property back (\u2018notice to quit\u2019). They must give you:

    ", + "
  • 2 months if they gave you notice before 26 March 2020
    • ", + "
  • 3 months if they gave you notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020
    • ", + "
  • 6 months if they gave you notice on or after 29 August 2020
    • ", + "

    This change is because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    The notice must tell you the date you have to leave.

    ", + "

    If your tenancy started or was renewed after 1 October 2015

    ", + "

    Your landlord cannot evict you if they\u2019ve been served notice by the council because of a complaint you made to the council about the living conditions in the property.

    ", + "

    Your landlord must also have given you:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the leaflet \u2018How to rent: the checklist for renting in England\u2019
    • ", + "
  • an energy performance certificate
    • ", + "
  • a gas safety certificate
    • ", + "

    In England, they must use \u2018form 6a\u2019 to give you notice. This is also known as \u2018Notice seeking possession of a property let on an Assured Shorthold Tenancy\u2019. In Wales, they do not need to use form 6a but must give you notice in writing.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to leave during the fixed term

    ", + "

    Your landlord can only ask you to leave during the fixed term if they have certain reasons (\u2018grounds\u2019). For example, if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re behind with your rent payments (\u2018in arrears\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve used the property for illegal purposes, like selling drugs
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve damaged the property
    • ", + "

    Usually, the notice period they must give varies up to 2 months.

    ", + "

    If you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must give you 3 months to leave the property.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 29 August 2020, your landlord must give you 6 months to leave. You might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.

    ", + "

    In Wales, the notice period must be:

    ", + "
  • at least 6 months for any notice given on or after 24 July 2020
    • ", + "
  • at least 3 months for notices relating to antisocial behaviour
    • ", + "

    This is because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    Assured tenancies

    ", + "

    Your landlord will need to use one of the reasons or \u2018grounds\u2019 for possession in the Housing Act 1988.

    ", + "

    Excluded tenancies or licences

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll often have an excluded tenancy or licence if you live with your landlord as a lodger and share rooms with them.

    ", + "

    Your landlord only needs to give \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. Usually this means the length of the rental payment period \u2013 so if you pay rent monthly, you\u2019ll get one month\u2019s notice.

    ", + "

    The notice does not have to be in writing.

    ", + "

    Non-excluded tenancy or licence

    ", + "

    Your landlord can end the let at any time by serving a written \u2018notice to quit\u2019. The notice period will depend on the tenancy or agreement, but is often at least 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    Break clauses

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a break clause in the tenancy agreement, your landlord can give you notice after this. However, your landlord does not have a guaranteed right to possession during the first 6 months of the tenancy.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave the property

    ", + "

    Your landlord cannot remove you by force. If the notice period expires and you do not leave the property, your landlord may start the process of eviction through the courts.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "title": "Registering land or property with HM Land Registry", + "content": "## When you must register\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou must register all land or property with HM Land Registry if you\u2019ve:\n\n- bought it\n\n- been given it\n\n- inherited it\n\n- received it in exchange for other property or land\n\n- mortgaged the property\n\nYou do not usually need to register leasehold land or property if there are 7 years or less on the lease when you take ownership.\n\nYou must register your land with the Rural Land Register as well as HM Land Registry if you own agricultural land.\n\nYour property might not be registered if you owned it before 1990 and have not mortgaged it since. Check if your property\u2019s registered.\n\nYou must tell HM Land Registry if you transfer ownership of your registered property to someone else.\n\n## Once you\u2019re registered\n\nHM Land Registry publishes information online about most registered property, including:\n\n- the names of owners\n\n- the price paid for the property\n\n- a plan of the property\u2019s boundaries\n\nYou cannot opt out of your property information being published.\n\n## If you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland\n\nHM Land Registry only deals with land and property in England and Wales.\n\n## Scotland\n\nRegister your land or property with Registers of Scotland.\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nRegister your land or property with Land and Property Services.\n\n## Register for the first time\n\nLand or property must be registered for the first time if it\u2019s unregistered when you take ownership of it or mortgage it.\n\nEven if you do not have to register, registering voluntarily:\n\n- gives you proof of ownership\n\n- helps protect your land from fraud\n\n- makes it easier to change, sell or give your property away in the future\n\nYou can register property yourself or get a solicitor or conveyancer to do it for you.\n\n## Register land or property for the first time\n\n- Search the register to make sure your property is not already registered.\n\n- Apply for a search from the Land Charges Department to search against all previous owners since 1925. They will send you the results.\n\n- Fill in an application for first registration.\n\n- Prepare a scale plan showing where the land is outlined, if it\u2019s not shown in the deeds.\n\n- Find the forms you need depending on your circumstances and fill out 2 copies of the list of documents form.\n\n- Find out the correct registration fee - this depends on the value of your property.\n\n- Send your documents, forms and fee to HM Land Registry.\n\n## If you bought the property\n\nInclude the same forms as for registering for the first time and a \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form.\n\n## If you inherited the property\n\nInclude the same forms as for registering for the first time and include either:\n\n- a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will\n\n- a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share\n\nContact HM Land Registry if you\u2019re unsure which form you need.\n\n## Other documents you may need\n\nYou may also need to send:\n\n- a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer\n\n- a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry\n\n- a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)\n\n- a certified copy of the lease, if you\u2019re applying to register leasehold land or property\n\n## Transfer ownership of your property\n\nYou must tell HM Land Registry when you change the registered owner of your property, for example if you\u2019re transferring it into another person\u2019s name, or if you want to add your partner as a joint owner.\n\n- Download and fill in an application to change the register.\n\n- Fill in either a \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form, if you\u2019re transferring your whole property, or a \u2018transfer of part of registered title\u2019 form if you\u2019re only transferring part of your property.\n\n- Fill in a certificate of identity for a private individual.\n\n- Find out the correct fee. Use the \u2018Scale 2 fees\u2019 if you\u2019re transferring ownership of a property without selling it, for example as inheritance. Use the Land Registry fee calculator if you\u2019re transferring part or all of a property as a sale.\n\n- Send your documents, forms and fee to HM Land Registry.\n\n## Update or correct the register\n\nYou must tell HM Land Registry if anything in the register changes or it is incorrect.\n\n## Update or correct contact addresses\n\nYou can register up to 3 addresses (including email and non-UK addresses) with HM Land Registry for each property.\n\nTo change your contact details or those of other owners or agents send a request to update registered owners\u2019 contact address. You do not have to pay anything to do this.\n\n## Change your name\n\nYou must send HM Land Registry an application to change the register when you change your name. You do not have to pay anything to do this.\n\nHow to apply depends on which documents you can send that prove your name has changed. You\u2019ll get back any official certificates you send in after the register has been updated.\n\nUse application form AP1 if you have any of the following documents:\n\n- an official or certified copy of a certificate showing the name change, such as a marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\n- a copy of a deed poll\n\n- a statement of truth\n\n- a statutory declaration sworn before someone able to take oaths\n\nYou must also send additional proof if you\u2019re not sending a certificate or using a conveyancer (for example a solicitor). When you send from AP1, include both:\n\n- a filled-in confirmation of identity form in your new name\n\n- a copy of an official document in your former name, such as a passport, driving licence or utility bill\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your gender\n\nUse application form CNG if you have any of the following documents:\n\n- a gender recognition certificate\n\n- a new birth certificate\n\n- a letter from a UK-based medical practitioner (such as a doctor) confirming you\u2019ve changed gender\n\nSend the completed form and one of the documents to the address on the form. You must send original documents, not copies.\n\nIf you\u2019re sending a gender recognition certificate, write \u2018Private and confidential\u2019 on the envelope.\n\n## Returning to your original surname\n\nTo return to your original surname after a divorce or dissolution of a civil partnership send HM Land Registry:\n\n- application form AP1\n\n- a copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\nHM Land Registry will let you know if they need more information.\n\n## Stop your previous name being seen on old documents\n\nYour previous name will still appear on any documents that were filed with HM Land Registry before you changed your name. Previous names cannot be changed but you might be able to stop them from being copied or inspected by making an exempt document application.\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a312 per document for electronic applications - only businesses and organisations can apply electronically, for example conveyancers\n\n- \u00a325 per document for paper applications\n\nYou will need to fill in form EX1 and form EX1A.\n\n## Mortgage completion\n\nYou must tell HM Land Registry if a mortgage on a registered property is paid off (\u2018discharged\u2019).\n\nUsually your mortgage lender will do this for you automatically but they may send you a completed \u2018cancellation of charges\u2019 form.\n\nOnce you have this, fill in an application to \u2018cancel entries relating to a charge\u2019 and a confirmation of identity form.\n\nSend all forms to the Citizen Centre.\n\nHM Land Registry will update your details and tell you that the register has been updated.\n\n## Other changes\n\nTransfer ownership of your property if you\u2019ve:\n\n- sold it\n\n- divorced or separated and want to remove an owner\n\n- married and want to add an owner\n\n- given the property away\n\n## Send your requests\n\nSend completed forms to the HM Land Registry Citizen Centre.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you must register

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You must register all land or property with HM Land Registry if you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • bought it
    • ", + "
  • been given it
    • ", + "
  • inherited it
    • ", + "
  • received it in exchange for other property or land
    • ", + "
  • mortgaged the property
    • ", + "

    You do not usually need to register leasehold land or property if there are 7 years or less on the lease when you take ownership.

    ", + "

    You must register your land with the Rural Land Register as well as HM Land Registry if you own agricultural land.

    ", + "

    Your property might not be registered if you owned it before 1990 and have not mortgaged it since. Check if your property\u2019s registered.

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Land Registry if you transfer ownership of your registered property to someone else.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019re registered

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry publishes information online about most registered property, including:

    ", + "
  • the names of owners
    • ", + "
  • the price paid for the property
    • ", + "
  • a plan of the property\u2019s boundaries
    • ", + "

    You cannot opt out of your property information being published.

    ", + "

    If you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry only deals with land and property in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    Scotland

    ", + "

    Register your land or property with Registers of Scotland.

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Register your land or property with Land and Property Services.

    ", + "

    Register for the first time

    ", + "

    Land or property must be registered for the first time if it\u2019s unregistered when you take ownership of it or mortgage it.

    ", + "

    Even if you do not have to register, registering voluntarily:

    ", + "
  • gives you proof of ownership
    • ", + "
  • helps protect your land from fraud
    • ", + "
  • makes it easier to change, sell or give your property away in the future
    • ", + "

    You can register property yourself or get a solicitor or conveyancer to do it for you.

    ", + "

    Register land or property for the first time

    ", + "
  • Search the register to make sure your property is not already registered.
    • ", + "
  • Apply for a search from the Land Charges Department to search against all previous owners since 1925. They will send you the results.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in an application for first registration.
    • ", + "
  • Prepare a scale plan showing where the land is outlined, if it\u2019s not shown in the deeds.
    • ", + "
  • Find the forms you need depending on your circumstances and fill out 2 copies of the list of documents form.
    • ", + "
  • Find out the correct registration fee - this depends on the value of your property.
    • ", + "
  • Send your documents, forms and fee to HM Land Registry.
    • ", + "

    If you bought the property

    ", + "

    Include the same forms as for registering for the first time and a \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form.

    ", + "

    If you inherited the property

    ", + "

    Include the same forms as for registering for the first time and include either:

    ", + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • ", + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • ", + "

    Contact HM Land Registry if you\u2019re unsure which form you need.

    ", + "

    Other documents you may need

    ", + "

    You may also need to send:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • ", + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • ", + "
  • a certified copy of the lease, if you\u2019re applying to register leasehold land or property
    • ", + "

    Transfer ownership of your property

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Land Registry when you change the registered owner of your property, for example if you\u2019re transferring it into another person\u2019s name, or if you want to add your partner as a joint owner.

    ", + "
  • Download and fill in an application to change the register.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in either a \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form, if you\u2019re transferring your whole property, or a \u2018transfer of part of registered title\u2019 form if you\u2019re only transferring part of your property.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in a certificate of identity for a private individual.
    • ", + "
  • Find out the correct fee. Use the \u2018Scale 2 fees\u2019 if you\u2019re transferring ownership of a property without selling it, for example as inheritance. Use the Land Registry fee calculator if you\u2019re transferring part or all of a property as a sale.
    • ", + "
  • Send your documents, forms and fee to HM Land Registry.
    • ", + "

    Update or correct the register

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Land Registry if anything in the register changes or it is incorrect.

    ", + "

    Update or correct contact addresses

    ", + "

    You can register up to 3 addresses (including email and non-UK addresses) with HM Land Registry for each property.

    ", + "

    To change your contact details or those of other owners or agents send a request to update registered owners\u2019 contact address. You do not have to pay anything to do this.

    ", + "

    Change your name

    ", + "

    You must send HM Land Registry an application to change the register when you change your name. You do not have to pay anything to do this.

    ", + "

    How to apply depends on which documents you can send that prove your name has changed. You\u2019ll get back any official certificates you send in after the register has been updated.

    ", + "

    Use application form AP1 if you have any of the following documents:

    ", + "
  • an official or certified copy of a certificate showing the name change, such as a marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "
  • a copy of a deed poll
    • ", + "
  • a statement of truth
    • ", + "
  • a statutory declaration sworn before someone able to take oaths
    • ", + "

    You must also send additional proof if you\u2019re not sending a certificate or using a conveyancer (for example a solicitor). When you send from AP1, include both:

    ", + "
  • a filled-in confirmation of identity form in your new name
    • ", + "
  • a copy of an official document in your former name, such as a passport, driving licence or utility bill
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your gender

    ", + "

    Use application form CNG if you have any of the following documents:

    ", + "
  • a gender recognition certificate
    • ", + "
  • a new birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • a letter from a UK-based medical practitioner (such as a doctor) confirming you\u2019ve changed gender
    • ", + "

    Send the completed form and one of the documents to the address on the form. You must send original documents, not copies.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re sending a gender recognition certificate, write \u2018Private and confidential\u2019 on the envelope.

    ", + "

    Returning to your original surname

    ", + "

    To return to your original surname after a divorce or dissolution of a civil partnership send HM Land Registry:

    ", + "
  • application form AP1
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "

    HM Land Registry will let you know if they need more information.

    ", + "

    Stop your previous name being seen on old documents

    ", + "

    Your previous name will still appear on any documents that were filed with HM Land Registry before you changed your name. Previous names cannot be changed but you might be able to stop them from being copied or inspected by making an exempt document application.

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a312 per document for electronic applications - only businesses and organisations can apply electronically, for example conveyancers
    • ", + "
  • \u00a325 per document for paper applications
    • ", + "

    You will need to fill in form EX1 and form EX1A.

    ", + "

    Mortgage completion

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Land Registry if a mortgage on a registered property is paid off (\u2018discharged\u2019).

    ", + "

    Usually your mortgage lender will do this for you automatically but they may send you a completed \u2018cancellation of charges\u2019 form.

    ", + "

    Once you have this, fill in an application to \u2018cancel entries relating to a charge\u2019 and a confirmation of identity form.

    ", + "

    Send all forms to the Citizen Centre.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will update your details and tell you that the register has been updated.

    ", + "

    Other changes

    ", + "

    Transfer ownership of your property if you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • sold it
    • ", + "
  • divorced or separated and want to remove an owner
    • ", + "
  • married and want to add an owner
    • ", + "
  • given the property away
    • ", + "

    Send your requests

    ", + "

    Send completed forms to the HM Land Registry Citizen Centre.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/stamp-duty-land-tax": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stamp-duty-land-tax", + "title": "Stamp Duty Land Tax", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) if you buy a property or land over a certain price in England and Northern Ireland.\n\nThe tax is different if the property or land is in:\n\n- Scotland - pay Land and Buildings Transaction Tax\n\n- Wales - pay Land Transaction Tax if the sale was completed on or after 1 April 2018\n\nYou pay the tax when you:\n\n- buy a freehold property\n\n- buy a new or existing leasehold\n\n- buy a property through a shared ownership scheme\n\n- are transferred land or property in exchange for payment, for example you take on a mortgage or buy a share in a house\n\n## Thresholds\n\nThe threshold is where SDLT starts to apply. If you buy a property for less than the threshold, there\u2019s no SDLT to pay.\n\nThe current SDLT threshold for residential properties is \u00a3500,000. This changes on 1 July 2021.\n\nThe threshold for non-residential land and properties is \u00a3150,000.\n\n## Property purchases from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021\n\nThe SDLT thresholds will be:\n\n- \u00a3250,000 for residential properties\n\n- \u00a3150,000 for non-residential land and properties\n\nThe threshold for residential properties will change on 1 October 2021.\n\n## Property purchases from 1 October 2021\n\nThe SDLT thresholds will be:\n\n- \u00a3125,000 for residential properties\n\n- \u00a3150,000 for non-residential land and properties\n\nThese thresholds are the same as they were before 8 July 2020.\n\n## First-time buyers\n\nFrom 1 July 2021, you\u2019ll get a discount (relief) that means you\u2019ll pay less or no tax if both the following apply:\n\n- you, and anyone else you\u2019re buying with, are first-time buyers\n\n- the purchase price is \u00a3500,000 or less\n\nYou\u2019ll also be eligible for this discount if you bought your first home before 8 July 2020.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nHow much you pay depends on whether the land or property is residential or non-residential or mixed-use.\n\nIf you\u2019re buying a residential property there are different rates of SDLT if:\n\n- you\u2019re a first-time buyer\n\n- you already own a property and you\u2019re buying an additional property\n\n- you\u2019re not a UK resident\n\nYou can use HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) Stamp Duty Land Tax calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\nYou may be able to reduce the amount of tax you pay by claiming relief, such as if you\u2019re a first-time buyer or purchasing more than one property (\u2018multiple dwellings\u2019).\n\n## The value you pay SDLT on (the \u2018consideration\u2019)\n\nThe total value you pay SDLT on (sometimes called the \u2018consideration\u2019) is usually the price you pay for the property or land.\n\nSometimes it might include another type of payment like:\n\n- goods\n\n- works or services\n\n- release from a debt\n\n- transfer of a debt, including the value of any outstanding mortgage\n\nFind out how to work out the consideration if your situation is complicated.\n\n## How and when to pay\n\nYou must send an SDLT return to HMRC and pay the tax within 14 days of completion.\n\nIf you have a solicitor, agent or conveyancer, they\u2019ll usually file your return and pay the tax on your behalf on the day of completion and add the amount to their fees. They\u2019ll also claim any relief you\u2019re eligible for, such as if you\u2019re a first-time buyer.\n\nIf they do not do this for you, you can file a return and pay the tax yourself.\n\nThere are certain situations where you do not need to send a return.\n\nYou may be charged penalties and interest if you do not file your return and make your payment within 14 days of completion.\n\n## Residential property rates\n\nYou usually pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) on increasing portions of the property price when you buy residential property, for example a house or flat. SDLT only applies to properties over a certain value.\n\nThe amount you pay depends on:\n\n- when you bought the property\n\n- how much you paid for it\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\nYou must send an SDLT return if you pay more than \u00a340,000 for a property - even if there\u2019s no SDLT due. There are some exemptions.\n\n## Rates from 8 July 2020 to 30 June 2021\n\nYou can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).\n\n| Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate |\n\n| Up to \u00a3500,000 | Zero |\n\n| The next \u00a3425,000 (the portion from \u00a3500,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5% |\n\n| The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10% |\n\n| The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12% |\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## Rates from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021\n\nYou can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).\n\n| Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate |\n\n| Up to \u00a3250,000 | Zero |\n\n| The next \u00a3675,000 (the portion from \u00a3250,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5% |\n\n| The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10% |\n\n| The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12% |\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## Rates from 1 October 2021\n\nThese rates also apply if you bought a property before 8 July 2020.\n\nYou can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).\n\n| Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate |\n\n| Up to \u00a3125,000 | Zero |\n\n| The next \u00a3125,000 (the portion from \u00a3125,001 to \u00a3250,000) | 2% |\n\n| The next \u00a3675,000 (the portion from \u00a3250,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5% |\n\n| The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10% |\n\n| The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12% |\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying your first home\n\nYou can claim a discount (relief) if you buy your first home before 8 July 2020 or from 1 July 2021. This means you\u2019ll pay:\n\n- no SDLT up to \u00a3300,000\n\n- 5% SDLT on the portion from \u00a3300,001 to \u00a3500,000\n\nYou\u2019re eligible if you and anyone else you\u2019re buying with are first-time buyers.\n\nIf the price is over \u00a3500,000, you follow the rules for people who\u2019ve bought a home before.\n\n## New leasehold sales and transfers\n\nWhen you buy a new residential leasehold property you pay SDLT on the purchase price of the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) using the rates above.\n\nIf the total rent over the life of the lease (known as the \u2018net present value\u2019) is more than the SDLT threshold), you\u2019ll pay SDLT at 1% on the portion of net present value over:\n\n- \u00a3500,000 for purchases from 8 July 2020 to 30 June 2021\n\n- \u00a3250,000 for purchases from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021\n\n- \u00a3125,000 for purchases from 1 October 2021\n\nThis does not apply to existing (\u2018assigned\u2019) leases.\n\nYou can work out how much SDLT you\u2019ll pay for your new residential lease using HMRC\u2019s:\n\n- SDLT calculator\n\n- guidance on leasehold purchases\n\n## Higher rates for additional properties\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay 3% on top of SDLT rates if buying a new residential property means you\u2019ll own more than one.\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\nYou may not have to pay the higher rates if you exchanged contracts before 26 November 2015.\n\n## If you\u2019re replacing your main residence\n\nYou will not pay the extra 3% SDLT if the property you\u2019re buying is replacing your main residence and that has already been sold.\n\nIf you have not sold your main residence on the day you complete your new purchase you\u2019ll have to pay higher rates. This is because you own 2 properties.\n\nYou can apply for a refund if you sell your previous main home within 36 months.\n\nThere are special rules if you own property with someone else or already own a property outside England, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## If it takes longer than 36 months to sell your previous main home\n\nYou may still be able to get a refund of the extra 3% SDLT if:\n\n- you purchased your new home on or after 1 January 2017\n\n- the delay was outside your control, for example because of coronavirus (COVID-19) or a public authority blocking the sale\n\n- you have now sold your old home\n\nTo claim a refund, write to HMRC and explain why the sale took longer than 36 months.\n\nInclude:\n\n- your details\n\n- details of the main buyer - if different to your own\n\n- details of the property where higher rate SDLT was paid - including the address, date of purchase and SDLT unique transaction reference number\n\n- details of the previous main residence - including the address, date of sale and SDLT unique transaction reference number\n\n- the amount of higher rate SDLT paid\n\n- the amount of tax you\u2019re asking for a repayment of\n\n- a bank account and sort code for the person receiving the payment\n\n## Rates if you\u2019re not a UK resident\n\nIf you\u2019re not present in the UK for at least 183 days (6 months) during the 12 months before your purchase you are \u2018not a UK resident\u2019 for the purposes of SDLT.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually pay a 2% surcharge if you\u2019re buying a residential property in England or Northern Ireland on or after 1 April 2021.\n\nYou may not have to pay a surcharge on certain properties, transactions or if you\u2019re a particular type of buyer. Check the rules on who has to pay the surcharge, when you do not have to pay, and if you can claim relief.\n\nIf you have to pay the surcharge, you\u2019ll also have to pay any other rates of SDLT that apply, for example:\n\n- if you already own a property and you\u2019re buying an additional property\n\n- if you\u2019re a first-time buyer\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## Special rates\n\nThere are different SDLT rules and rate calculations for:\n\n- corporate bodies\n\n- people buying 6 or more residential properties in one transaction\n\n- shared ownership properties\n\n- multiple purchases or transfers between the same buyer and seller (\u2018linked purchases\u2019)\n\n- purchases that mean you own more than one property\n\n- companies and trusts buying residential property\n\n## Rates for non-residential and mixed land and property\n\nYou pay SDLT on increasing portions of the property price (or \u2018consideration\u2019) when you pay \u00a3150,000 or more for non-residential or mixed (also known as \u2018mixed use\u2019) land or property.\n\nYou must still send an SDLT return for most transactions under \u00a3150,000.\n\nNon-residential property includes:\n\n- commercial property, for example shops or offices\n\n- property that isn\u2019t suitable to be lived in\n\n- forests\n\n- agricultural land that\u2019s part of a working farm or used for agricultural reasons\n\n- any other land or property that is not part of a dwelling\u2019s garden or grounds\n\n- 6 or more residential properties bought in a single transaction\n\nYou pay residential SDLT rates on agricultural land if it\u2019s sold as part of the garden or grounds of a dwelling, for example a cottage with fields.\n\nA \u2018mixed\u2019 property is one that has both residential and non-residential elements, for example a flat connected to a shop, doctor\u2019s surgery or office.\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## Freehold sales and transfers\n\nYou can also use this table to work out the SDLT rate for a lease premium.\n\n| |\n\n| Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate |\n\n| Up to \u00a3150,000 | Zero |\n\n| The next \u00a3100,000 (the portion from \u00a3150,001 to \u00a3250,000) | 2% |\n\n| The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a3250,000) | 5% |\n\n## New leasehold sales and transfers\n\nWhen you buy a new non-residential or mixed leasehold you pay SDLT on both the:\n\n- purchase price of the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) using the rates above\n\n- value of the annual rent you pay (the \u2018net present value\u2019)\n\nThese are calculated separately then added together.\n\nIf you buy an existing (\u2018assigned\u2019) lease, you only pay SDLT on the lease price (or \u2018consideration\u2019).\n\nThe net present value (NPV) is based on the total rent over the life of the lease. You do not pay SDLT on the rent if the NPV is less than \u00a3150,000.\n\n| Net present value of rent | SDLT rate |\n\n| \u00a30 to \u00a3150,000 | Zero |\n\n| The portion from \u00a3150,001 to \u00a35,000,000 | 1% |\n\n| The portion above \u00a35,000,000 | 2% |\n\n## How much you\u2019ll pay\n\nYou can work out how much SDLT you\u2019ll pay for your non-residential lease using HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC):\n\n- SDLT calculator\n\n- guidance on buying leasehold properties\n\nYou may pay a higher rate of SDLT for multiple purchases or transfers from the same seller.\n\n## Using previous SDLT rates\n\nYou may qualify for previous SDLT rates if you exchanged contracts before 17 March 2016 but completed on or after that date.\n\nIf you qualify for the previous rates, you can choose to pay SDLT using the current or previous rates.\n\nUse HMRC\u2019s SDLT calculator to work out if you qualify and how much you\u2019ll pay using both rates.\n\nEnter the figure for the rate you choose in your SDLT return.\n\n## Land and property transfers\n\nYou may have to pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) if the ownership of land or property is transferred to you in exchange for any payment or \u2018consideration\u2019.\n\nThe rules around SDLT depend on the specific circumstances surrounding the transfer.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on transfers:\n\n- as a result of marriage, civil partnerships or moving in together\n\n- on divorce, separation or the end of a civil partnership\n\n- of jointly owned property or land\n\n- if the larger share is given as a gift\n\n- given as a gift or left in a will\n\n- to or from a company\n\n## Shared ownership property\n\nYou may have to pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) when you buy a property through a shared ownership scheme run by an approved public body.\n\nThis includes:\n\n- local housing authorities\n\n- housing associations\n\n- housing action trusts\n\n- the Northern Ireland Housing Executive\n\n- the Commission for the New Towns\n\n- development corporations\n\nYou can choose to either:\n\n- make a one-off payment based on the market value of the property (\u2018market value election\u2019)\n\n- pay SDLT in stages\n\n## Market value election\n\nSubmit a return and pay SDLT at the residential rate. Use the total market value of the property to calculate how much to pay - even if you\u2019re only buying a share.\n\nYou do not pay any more SDLT after this, even if you buy a bigger share in the property later on.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on SDLT if you do not have the right to the freehold.\n\n## Paying in stages\n\nYou make your first SDLT payment on the price you pay for the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) if it\u2019s above the SDLT threshold. If the lease premium is below the threshold, you do not pay SDLT at this point - but you still have to submit a return.\n\nYou may have to pay extra SDLT if the total rent over the life of the lease (known as the \u2018net present value\u2019) is more than the SDLT threshold.\n\nWork this out on HMRC\u2019s SDLT calculator. You pay SDLT of 1% on the amount over the threshold - add this to any SDLT you\u2019re paying on the lease premium.\n\n## SDLT if you buy more shares\n\nIf you buy any more shares in the property, you do not have to pay any more SDLT or send a return to HMRC until you own more than an 80% share.\n\nOnce your share of the property goes over 80% you must send a return and pay SDLT on:\n\n- the transaction that took you over 80%\n\n- any transactions after that\n\n## Calculating your SDLT\n\nTo work out the SDLT if you buy more shares that take you over 80%:\n\n- Work out the SDLT due on the total you\u2019ve paid for the property to date - include any amounts you did not pay tax on. Use the SDLT rate that applies at the time you bought the new share. For example, if your total purchases before 8 July 2020 were \u00a3160,000, the SDLT due would be \u00a3700.\n\n- Divide the amount you\u2019re paying for this share by the total amount you\u2019ve paid for the property to date. For example, if you\u2019re paying \u00a340,000 for this share, divide \u00a340,000 by \u00a3160,000 = 0.25.\n\n- Multiply the two figures, for example SDLT of \u00a3700 multiplied by 0.25 = \u00a3175. This is the amount you would need to pay in SDLT for this share.\n\nIf you\u2019ve paid less than \u00a3500,000 for your property between 8 July 2020 and 30 June 2021, or less than \u00a3250,000 between 1 July 2021 and 30 September 2021, the amount of SDLT you\u2019d need to pay on any additional shares would be zero. This is because of the temporary SDLT rate.\n\n## Additional tax if payments are linked\n\nYou may have to pay extra SDLT on previous shares if they become \u2018linked\u2019 to later shares. Shares only become linked once you own over 80% of the property.\n\nYou can read more about paying SDLT when you buy more shares.\n\n## Reliefs and exemptions\n\nYou may be eligible for Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) reliefs if you\u2019re buying your first home and in certain other situations. These reliefs can reduce the amount of tax you pay.\n\nYou must complete an SDLT return to claim relief, even if no tax is due.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on SDLT reliefs for:\n\n- first-time buyers\n\n- multiple dwellings\n\n- building companies buying an individual\u2019s home\n\n- employers buying an employee\u2019s house\n\n- local authorities making compulsory purchases\n\n- property developers providing amenities to communities\n\n- companies transferring property to another company\n\n- charities\n\n- right to buy properties\n\n- registered social landlords\n\n- Crown employees\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not have to pay SDLT or file a return if:\n\n- no money or other payment changes hands for a land or property transfer\n\n- property is left to you in a will\n\n- property is transferred because of divorce or dissolution of a civil partnership\n\n- you buy a freehold property for less than \u00a340,000\n\n- you buy a new or assigned lease of 7 years or more, as long as the premium is less than \u00a340,000 and the annual rent is less than \u00a31,000\n\n- you buy a new or assigned lease of less than 7 years, as long as the amount you pay is less than the residential or non-residential SDLT threshold\n\n- you use alternative property financial arrangements, for example to comply with Sharia law\n\nRead HMRC\u2019s guidance on transactions that do not need a return.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) if you buy a property or land over a certain price in England and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    The tax is different if the property or land is in:

    ", + "
  • Scotland - pay Land and Buildings Transaction Tax
    • ", + "
  • Wales - pay Land Transaction Tax if the sale was completed on or after 1 April 2018
    • ", + "

    You pay the tax when you:

    ", + "
  • buy a freehold property
    • ", + "
  • buy a new or existing leasehold
    • ", + "
  • buy a property through a shared ownership scheme
    • ", + "
  • are transferred land or property in exchange for payment, for example you take on a mortgage or buy a share in a house
    • ", + "

    Thresholds

    ", + "

    The threshold is where SDLT starts to apply. If you buy a property for less than the threshold, there\u2019s no SDLT to pay.

    ", + "

    The current SDLT threshold for residential properties is \u00a3500,000. This changes on 1 July 2021.

    ", + "

    The threshold for non-residential land and properties is \u00a3150,000.

    ", + "

    Property purchases from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021

    ", + "

    The SDLT thresholds will be:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3250,000 for residential properties
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3150,000 for non-residential land and properties
    • ", + "

    The threshold for residential properties will change on 1 October 2021.

    ", + "

    Property purchases from 1 October 2021

    ", + "

    The SDLT thresholds will be:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3125,000 for residential properties
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3150,000 for non-residential land and properties
    • ", + "

    These thresholds are the same as they were before 8 July 2020.

    ", + "

    First-time buyers

    ", + "

    From 1 July 2021, you\u2019ll get a discount (relief) that means you\u2019ll pay less or no tax if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you, and anyone else you\u2019re buying with, are first-time buyers
    • ", + "
  • the purchase price is \u00a3500,000 or less
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be eligible for this discount if you bought your first home before 8 July 2020.

    ", + "

    How much you pay

    ", + "

    How much you pay depends on whether the land or property is residential or non-residential or mixed-use.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying a residential property there are different rates of SDLT if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a first-time buyer
    • ", + "
  • you already own a property and you\u2019re buying an additional property
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not a UK resident
    • ", + "

    You can use HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) Stamp Duty Land Tax calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    You may be able to reduce the amount of tax you pay by claiming relief, such as if you\u2019re a first-time buyer or purchasing more than one property (\u2018multiple dwellings\u2019).

    ", + "

    The value you pay SDLT on (the \u2018consideration\u2019)

    ", + "

    The total value you pay SDLT on (sometimes called the \u2018consideration\u2019) is usually the price you pay for the property or land.

    ", + "

    Sometimes it might include another type of payment like:

    ", + "
  • goods
    • ", + "
  • works or services
    • ", + "
  • release from a debt
    • ", + "
  • transfer of a debt, including the value of any outstanding mortgage
    • ", + "

    Find out how to work out the consideration if your situation is complicated.

    ", + "

    How and when to pay

    ", + "

    You must send an SDLT return to HMRC and pay the tax within 14 days of completion.

    ", + "

    If you have a solicitor, agent or conveyancer, they\u2019ll usually file your return and pay the tax on your behalf on the day of completion and add the amount to their fees. They\u2019ll also claim any relief you\u2019re eligible for, such as if you\u2019re a first-time buyer.

    ", + "

    If they do not do this for you, you can file a return and pay the tax yourself.

    ", + "

    There are certain situations where you do not need to send a return.

    ", + "

    You may be charged penalties and interest if you do not file your return and make your payment within 14 days of completion.

    ", + "

    Residential property rates

    ", + "

    You usually pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) on increasing portions of the property price when you buy residential property, for example a house or flat. SDLT only applies to properties over a certain value.

    ", + "

    The amount you pay depends on:

    ", + "
  • when you bought the property
    • ", + "
  • how much you paid for it
    • ", + "

    Use the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    You must send an SDLT return if you pay more than \u00a340,000 for a property - even if there\u2019s no SDLT due. There are some exemptions.

    ", + "

    Rates from 8 July 2020 to 30 June 2021

    ", + "

    You can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).

    ", + "Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate", + "Up to \u00a3500,000 | Zero", + "The next \u00a3425,000 (the portion from \u00a3500,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5%", + "The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10%", + "The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12%", + "

    Use the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    Rates from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021

    ", + "

    You can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).

    ", + "Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate", + "Up to \u00a3250,000 | Zero", + "The next \u00a3675,000 (the portion from \u00a3250,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5%", + "The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10%", + "The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12%", + "

    Use the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    Rates from 1 October 2021

    ", + "

    These rates also apply if you bought a property before 8 July 2020.

    ", + "

    You can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).

    ", + "Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate", + "Up to \u00a3125,000 | Zero", + "The next \u00a3125,000 (the portion from \u00a3125,001 to \u00a3250,000) | 2%", + "The next \u00a3675,000 (the portion from \u00a3250,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5%", + "The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10%", + "The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12%", + "

    Use the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying your first home

    ", + "

    You can claim a discount (relief) if you buy your first home before 8 July 2020 or from 1 July 2021. This means you\u2019ll pay:

    ", + "
  • no SDLT up to \u00a3300,000
    • ", + "
  • 5% SDLT on the portion from \u00a3300,001 to \u00a3500,000
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re eligible if you and anyone else you\u2019re buying with are first-time buyers.

    ", + "

    If the price is over \u00a3500,000, you follow the rules for people who\u2019ve bought a home before.

    ", + "

    New leasehold sales and transfers

    ", + "

    When you buy a new residential leasehold property you pay SDLT on the purchase price of the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) using the rates above.

    ", + "

    If the total rent over the life of the lease (known as the \u2018net present value\u2019) is more than the SDLT threshold), you\u2019ll pay SDLT at 1% on the portion of net present value over:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3500,000 for purchases from 8 July 2020 to 30 June 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3250,000 for purchases from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3125,000 for purchases from 1 October 2021
    • ", + "

    This does not apply to existing (\u2018assigned\u2019) leases.

    ", + "

    You can work out how much SDLT you\u2019ll pay for your new residential lease using HMRC\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • SDLT calculator
    • ", + "
  • guidance on leasehold purchases
    • ", + "

    Higher rates for additional properties

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay 3% on top of SDLT rates if buying a new residential property means you\u2019ll own more than one.

    ", + "

    Use the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay the higher rates if you exchanged contracts before 26 November 2015.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re replacing your main residence

    ", + "

    You will not pay the extra 3% SDLT if the property you\u2019re buying is replacing your main residence and that has already been sold.

    ", + "

    If you have not sold your main residence on the day you complete your new purchase you\u2019ll have to pay higher rates. This is because you own 2 properties.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refund if you sell your previous main home within 36 months.

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you own property with someone else or already own a property outside England, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If it takes longer than 36 months to sell your previous main home

    ", + "

    You may still be able to get a refund of the extra 3% SDLT if:

    ", + "
  • you purchased your new home on or after 1 January 2017
    • ", + "
  • the delay was outside your control, for example because of coronavirus (COVID-19) or a public authority blocking the sale
    • ", + "
  • you have now sold your old home
    • ", + "

    To claim a refund, write to HMRC and explain why the sale took longer than 36 months.

    ", + "

    Include:

    ", + "
  • your details
    • ", + "
  • details of the main buyer - if different to your own
    • ", + "
  • details of the property where higher rate SDLT was paid - including the address, date of purchase and SDLT unique transaction reference number
    • ", + "
  • details of the previous main residence - including the address, date of sale and SDLT unique transaction reference number
    • ", + "
  • the amount of higher rate SDLT paid
    • ", + "
  • the amount of tax you\u2019re asking for a repayment of
    • ", + "
  • a bank account and sort code for the person receiving the payment
    • ", + "

    Rates if you\u2019re not a UK resident

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not present in the UK for at least 183 days (6 months) during the 12 months before your purchase you are \u2018not a UK resident\u2019 for the purposes of SDLT.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually pay a 2% surcharge if you\u2019re buying a residential property in England or Northern Ireland on or after 1 April 2021.

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay a surcharge on certain properties, transactions or if you\u2019re a particular type of buyer. Check the rules on who has to pay the surcharge, when you do not have to pay, and if you can claim relief.

    ", + "

    If you have to pay the surcharge, you\u2019ll also have to pay any other rates of SDLT that apply, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you already own a property and you\u2019re buying an additional property
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re a first-time buyer
    • ", + "

    Use the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    Special rates

    ", + "

    There are different SDLT rules and rate calculations for:

    ", + "
  • corporate bodies
    • ", + "
  • people buying 6 or more residential properties in one transaction
    • ", + "
  • shared ownership properties
    • ", + "
  • multiple purchases or transfers between the same buyer and seller (\u2018linked purchases\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • purchases that mean you own more than one property
    • ", + "
  • companies and trusts buying residential property
    • ", + "

    Rates for non-residential and mixed land and property

    ", + "

    You pay SDLT on increasing portions of the property price (or \u2018consideration\u2019) when you pay \u00a3150,000 or more for non-residential or mixed (also known as \u2018mixed use\u2019) land or property.

    ", + "

    You must still send an SDLT return for most transactions under \u00a3150,000.

    ", + "

    Non-residential property includes:

    ", + "
  • commercial property, for example shops or offices
    • ", + "
  • property that isn\u2019t suitable to be lived in
    • ", + "
  • forests
    • ", + "
  • agricultural land that\u2019s part of a working farm or used for agricultural reasons
    • ", + "
  • any other land or property that is not part of a dwelling\u2019s garden or grounds
    • ", + "
  • 6 or more residential properties bought in a single transaction
    • ", + "

    You pay residential SDLT rates on agricultural land if it\u2019s sold as part of the garden or grounds of a dwelling, for example a cottage with fields.

    ", + "

    A \u2018mixed\u2019 property is one that has both residential and non-residential elements, for example a flat connected to a shop, doctor\u2019s surgery or office.

    ", + "

    Use the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.

    ", + "

    Freehold sales and transfers

    ", + "

    You can also use this table to work out the SDLT rate for a lease premium.

    ", + "", + "Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate", + "Up to \u00a3150,000 | Zero", + "The next \u00a3100,000 (the portion from \u00a3150,001 to \u00a3250,000) | 2%", + "The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a3250,000) | 5%", + "

    New leasehold sales and transfers

    ", + "

    When you buy a new non-residential or mixed leasehold you pay SDLT on both the:

    ", + "
  • purchase price of the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) using the rates above
    • ", + "
  • value of the annual rent you pay (the \u2018net present value\u2019)
    • ", + "

    These are calculated separately then added together.

    ", + "

    If you buy an existing (\u2018assigned\u2019) lease, you only pay SDLT on the lease price (or \u2018consideration\u2019).

    ", + "

    The net present value (NPV) is based on the total rent over the life of the lease. You do not pay SDLT on the rent if the NPV is less than \u00a3150,000.

    ", + "Net present value of rent | SDLT rate", + "\u00a30 to \u00a3150,000 | Zero", + "The portion from \u00a3150,001 to \u00a35,000,000 | 1%", + "The portion above \u00a35,000,000 | 2%", + "

    How much you\u2019ll pay

    ", + "

    You can work out how much SDLT you\u2019ll pay for your non-residential lease using HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC):

    ", + "
  • SDLT calculator
    • ", + "
  • guidance on buying leasehold properties
    • ", + "

    You may pay a higher rate of SDLT for multiple purchases or transfers from the same seller.

    ", + "

    Using previous SDLT rates

    ", + "

    You may qualify for previous SDLT rates if you exchanged contracts before 17 March 2016 but completed on or after that date.

    ", + "

    If you qualify for the previous rates, you can choose to pay SDLT using the current or previous rates.

    ", + "

    Use HMRC\u2019s SDLT calculator to work out if you qualify and how much you\u2019ll pay using both rates.

    ", + "

    Enter the figure for the rate you choose in your SDLT return.

    ", + "

    Land and property transfers

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) if the ownership of land or property is transferred to you in exchange for any payment or \u2018consideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    The rules around SDLT depend on the specific circumstances surrounding the transfer.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on transfers:

    ", + "
  • as a result of marriage, civil partnerships or moving in together
    • ", + "
  • on divorce, separation or the end of a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • of jointly owned property or land
    • ", + "
  • if the larger share is given as a gift
    • ", + "
  • given as a gift or left in a will
    • ", + "
  • to or from a company
    • ", + "

    Shared ownership property

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) when you buy a property through a shared ownership scheme run by an approved public body.

    ", + "

    This includes:

    ", + "
  • local housing authorities
    • ", + "
  • housing associations
    • ", + "
  • housing action trusts
    • ", + "
  • the Northern Ireland Housing Executive
    • ", + "
  • the Commission for the New Towns
    • ", + "
  • development corporations
    • ", + "

    You can choose to either:

    ", + "
  • make a one-off payment based on the market value of the property (\u2018market value election\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • pay SDLT in stages
    • ", + "

    Market value election

    ", + "

    Submit a return and pay SDLT at the residential rate. Use the total market value of the property to calculate how much to pay - even if you\u2019re only buying a share.

    ", + "

    You do not pay any more SDLT after this, even if you buy a bigger share in the property later on.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on SDLT if you do not have the right to the freehold.

    ", + "

    Paying in stages

    ", + "

    You make your first SDLT payment on the price you pay for the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) if it\u2019s above the SDLT threshold. If the lease premium is below the threshold, you do not pay SDLT at this point - but you still have to submit a return.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay extra SDLT if the total rent over the life of the lease (known as the \u2018net present value\u2019) is more than the SDLT threshold.

    ", + "

    Work this out on HMRC\u2019s SDLT calculator. You pay SDLT of 1% on the amount over the threshold - add this to any SDLT you\u2019re paying on the lease premium.

    ", + "

    SDLT if you buy more shares

    ", + "

    If you buy any more shares in the property, you do not have to pay any more SDLT or send a return to HMRC until you own more than an 80% share.

    ", + "

    Once your share of the property goes over 80% you must send a return and pay SDLT on:

    ", + "
  • the transaction that took you over 80%
    • ", + "
  • any transactions after that
    • ", + "

    Calculating your SDLT

    ", + "

    To work out the SDLT if you buy more shares that take you over 80%:

    ", + "
  • Work out the SDLT due on the total you\u2019ve paid for the property to date - include any amounts you did not pay tax on. Use the SDLT rate that applies at the time you bought the new share. For example, if your total purchases before 8 July 2020 were \u00a3160,000, the SDLT due would be \u00a3700.
    • ", + "
  • Divide the amount you\u2019re paying for this share by the total amount you\u2019ve paid for the property to date. For example, if you\u2019re paying \u00a340,000 for this share, divide \u00a340,000 by \u00a3160,000 = 0.25.
    • ", + "
  • Multiply the two figures, for example SDLT of \u00a3700 multiplied by 0.25 = \u00a3175. This is the amount you would need to pay in SDLT for this share.
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid less than \u00a3500,000 for your property between 8 July 2020 and 30 June 2021, or less than \u00a3250,000 between 1 July 2021 and 30 September 2021, the amount of SDLT you\u2019d need to pay on any additional shares would be zero. This is because of the temporary SDLT rate.

    ", + "

    Additional tax if payments are linked

    ", + "

    You may have to pay extra SDLT on previous shares if they become \u2018linked\u2019 to later shares. Shares only become linked once you own over 80% of the property.

    ", + "

    You can read more about paying SDLT when you buy more shares.

    ", + "

    Reliefs and exemptions

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) reliefs if you\u2019re buying your first home and in certain other situations. These reliefs can reduce the amount of tax you pay.

    ", + "

    You must complete an SDLT return to claim relief, even if no tax is due.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on SDLT reliefs for:

    ", + "
  • first-time buyers
    • ", + "
  • multiple dwellings
    • ", + "
  • building companies buying an individual\u2019s home
    • ", + "
  • employers buying an employee\u2019s house
    • ", + "
  • local authorities making compulsory purchases
    • ", + "
  • property developers providing amenities to communities
    • ", + "
  • companies transferring property to another company
    • ", + "
  • charities
    • ", + "
  • right to buy properties
    • ", + "
  • registered social landlords
    • ", + "
  • Crown employees
    • ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay SDLT or file a return if:

    ", + "
  • no money or other payment changes hands for a land or property transfer
    • ", + "
  • property is left to you in a will
    • ", + "
  • property is transferred because of divorce or dissolution of a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you buy a freehold property for less than \u00a340,000
    • ", + "
  • you buy a new or assigned lease of 7 years or more, as long as the premium is less than \u00a340,000 and the annual rent is less than \u00a31,000
    • ", + "
  • you buy a new or assigned lease of less than 7 years, as long as the amount you pay is less than the residential or non-residential SDLT threshold
    • ", + "
  • you use alternative property financial arrangements, for example to comply with Sharia law
    • ", + "

    Read HMRC\u2019s guidance on transactions that do not need a return.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/stay-in-home-during-separation-or-divorce": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stay-in-home-during-separation-or-divorce", + "title": "Staying in your partner's property during a divorce or separation", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can register your \u2018home rights\u2019 with HM Land Registry - this can help stop your partner from selling your home.\n\nYour rights are different if you own the property jointly with your spouse or civil partner.\n\nYou cannot apply for home rights if your spouse or civil partner owns the property with someone else - unless your spouse or civil partner would get all the money if the property was sold (also known as being the \u2018sole beneficial owner\u2019).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIf you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership, Citizens Advice have guidance on what happens when you separate.\n\n## Before you apply for home rights\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know if the property is registered in your partner\u2019s name, and its title number if it is.\n\nYou can search the register to find this information.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must complete a different application process for home rights depending on whether:\n\n- the property is registered\n\n- the property is unregistered\n\n## How long you can stay in the property\n\nYou can usually only live in the property until the divorce, annulment or dissolution has been finalised and a court settlement agreed.\n\nYou may be able to continue living in the property for longer, for example during an ongoing dispute about who owns what, if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do this.\n\n## What else you can do\n\nYou may be able to take legal action against your partner if they try to:\n\n- make you move out\n\n- stop you moving back into a home you\u2019re not currently living in, for example if you moved out temporarily\n\nA solicitor can advise you about this.\n\n## Apply if the property is registered\n\nDownload and fill in the application for registration of a notice for home rights.\n\nSend it to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry telling you when they\u2019ve registered your rights. Your spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve done this.\n\n## If you want to move to a different property\n\nYou can only protect your right to live in one property at a time.\n\nYou can ask HM Land Registry to transfer your home rights to another property owned by your spouse or civil partner if you\u2019ve already got home rights for one property.\n\nDownload and fill in the application for registration of a notice for home rights.\n\nSend it to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nFollow the application process for unregistered properties if the property you\u2019re moving into is not registered - you can search the register to find out if it\u2019s registered.\n\n## Staying in the property after divorce or separation\n\nYou may be able to continue living in your home for longer, for example if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do so during an ongoing dispute about who owns what.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019ve already registered your home rights.\n\nDownload and fill in either an:\n\n- application for renewal of registration in respect of home rights - if you\u2019ve registered your home rights\n\n- application for registration of a notice for home rights - if you have not registered your home rights\n\nSend the form, along with an official copy of the court\u2019s continuation order, to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry telling you when they\u2019ve registered your continued rights. Your ex-spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve done this.\n\n## Apply if the property is unregistered\n\nDownload and fill in the application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019.\n\nThere\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.\n\nSend the form and payment to the address on the form.\n\n## If you want to move to a different property\n\nYou can only protect your right to live in one property at a time.\n\nYou can ask HM Land Registry to transfer your home rights to another property owned by your spouse or civil partner if you\u2019ve already registered your right to live in one property.\n\nDownload and fill in the application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019.\n\nThere\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.\n\nSend the form and payment to the address on the form.\n\nFollow the application process for registered properties if the property you\u2019re moving into is registered - you can search the register to find out if it\u2019s registered.\n\n## Staying in the property after divorce or separation\n\nYou may be able to continue living in your home for longer, for example if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do so during an ongoing dispute about who owns what.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019ve already registered your home rights.\n\nDownload and fill in either an:\n\n- application for the renewal of a registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019 - if you have home rights\n\n- application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019 - if you do not have home rights\n\nThere\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.\n\nSend the form and payment to the address on the form.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry when they\u2019ve registered your continued rights.\n\nYour ex-spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve made the application.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can register your \u2018home rights\u2019 with HM Land Registry - this can help stop your partner from selling your home.

    ", + "

    Your rights are different if you own the property jointly with your spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for home rights if your spouse or civil partner owns the property with someone else - unless your spouse or civil partner would get all the money if the property was sold (also known as being the \u2018sole beneficial owner\u2019).

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership, Citizens Advice have guidance on what happens when you separate.

    ", + "

    Before you apply for home rights

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to know if the property is registered in your partner\u2019s name, and its title number if it is.

    ", + "

    You can search the register to find this information.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must complete a different application process for home rights depending on whether:

    ", + "
  • the property is registered
    • ", + "
  • the property is unregistered
    • ", + "

    How long you can stay in the property

    ", + "

    You can usually only live in the property until the divorce, annulment or dissolution has been finalised and a court settlement agreed.

    ", + "

    You may be able to continue living in the property for longer, for example during an ongoing dispute about who owns what, if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do this.

    ", + "

    What else you can do

    ", + "

    You may be able to take legal action against your partner if they try to:

    ", + "
  • make you move out
    • ", + "
  • stop you moving back into a home you\u2019re not currently living in, for example if you moved out temporarily
    • ", + "

    A solicitor can advise you about this.

    ", + "

    Apply if the property is registered

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application for registration of a notice for home rights.

    ", + "

    Send it to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry telling you when they\u2019ve registered your rights. Your spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve done this.

    ", + "

    If you want to move to a different property

    ", + "

    You can only protect your right to live in one property at a time.

    ", + "

    You can ask HM Land Registry to transfer your home rights to another property owned by your spouse or civil partner if you\u2019ve already got home rights for one property.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application for registration of a notice for home rights.

    ", + "

    Send it to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    Follow the application process for unregistered properties if the property you\u2019re moving into is not registered - you can search the register to find out if it\u2019s registered.

    ", + "

    Staying in the property after divorce or separation

    ", + "

    You may be able to continue living in your home for longer, for example if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do so during an ongoing dispute about who owns what.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019ve already registered your home rights.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in either an:

    ", + "
  • application for renewal of registration in respect of home rights - if you\u2019ve registered your home rights
    • ", + "
  • application for registration of a notice for home rights - if you have not registered your home rights
    • ", + "

    Send the form, along with an official copy of the court\u2019s continuation order, to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry telling you when they\u2019ve registered your continued rights. Your ex-spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve done this.

    ", + "

    Apply if the property is unregistered

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.

    ", + "

    Send the form and payment to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    If you want to move to a different property

    ", + "

    You can only protect your right to live in one property at a time.

    ", + "

    You can ask HM Land Registry to transfer your home rights to another property owned by your spouse or civil partner if you\u2019ve already registered your right to live in one property.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.

    ", + "

    Send the form and payment to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Follow the application process for registered properties if the property you\u2019re moving into is registered - you can search the register to find out if it\u2019s registered.

    ", + "

    Staying in the property after divorce or separation

    ", + "

    You may be able to continue living in your home for longer, for example if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do so during an ongoing dispute about who owns what.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019ve already registered your home rights.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in either an:

    ", + "
  • application for the renewal of a registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019 - if you have home rights
    • ", + "
  • application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019 - if you do not have home rights
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.

    ", + "

    Send the form and payment to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry when they\u2019ve registered your continued rights.

    ", + "

    Your ex-spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve made the application.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "title": "Tax when you sell property", + "content": "## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:\n\n- buy-to-let properties\n\n- business premises\n\n- land\n\n- inherited property\n\nThere are different rules if you:\n\n- sell your home\n\n- live abroad\n\n- are a company registered abroad\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## When you do not pay\n\nYou do not usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou may get tax relief if the property is a business asset.\n\nIf the property was occupied by a dependent relative you may not have to pay. Find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief.\n\n## If you need to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your property and the amount you got when you sold (or \u2018disposed of\u2019) it.\n\nIf your combined capital gains are over your allowance for the year you\u2019ll have to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\n## Market value\n\nIn some situations you should use the market value of the property when working out your gain. Do this if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited it (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\n## Selling in special circumstances\n\nThere are special rules for calculating your gain if:\n\n- you live abroad\n\n- you sell a lease or part of your land\n\n- your property is compulsorily purchased\n\n## Jointly owned property\n\nIf you own property jointly with other people, work out the gain for the share that you own.\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:\n\n- estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees\n\n- costs of improvement works, for example for an extension (normal maintenance costs, such as decorating, do not count)\n\n## Reliefs\n\nYou may get tax relief if the property was:\n\n- your home\n\n- a business asset\n\n- occupied by a dependent relative - find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nOnce you know what your gain on the property is, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou cannot use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold land\n\n- sold business premises\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares\n\n- reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own\n\n- claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax on property\n\n## If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\n## Businesses\n\nYou may get tax relief if you sell property that you use for business. This may reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you pay.\n\nIf the purpose of your business is to buy and sell property (you\u2019re a property developer, for example) you do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell a property. Instead, you pay:\n\n- Income Tax - if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner\n\n- Corporation Tax - if you\u2019re a limited company\n\nThere are special rules for limited companies that dispose of a single residential property worth more than \u00a32 million.\n\n## Selling overseas property\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax when you \u2018dispose of\u2019 overseas property if you\u2019re resident in the UK.\n\nThere are special rules if you\u2019re resident in the UK but your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\nYou may also have to pay tax in the country you made the gain. If you\u2019re taxed twice, you may be able to claim relief.\n\n## If you\u2019re non-resident\n\nNon-residents may have to pay UK tax on overseas property if they return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What you pay it on

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:

    ", + "
  • buy-to-let properties
    • ", + "
  • business premises
    • ", + "
  • land
    • ", + "
  • inherited property
    • ", + "

    There are different rules if you:

    ", + "
  • sell your home
    • ", + "
  • live abroad
    • ", + "
  • are a company registered abroad
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    When you do not pay

    ", + "

    You do not usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.

    ", + "

    You may get tax relief if the property is a business asset.

    ", + "

    If the property was occupied by a dependent relative you may not have to pay. Find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief.

    ", + "

    If you need to pay

    ", + "

    You must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.

    ", + "

    Work out your gain

    ", + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your property and the amount you got when you sold (or \u2018disposed of\u2019) it.

    ", + "

    If your combined capital gains are over your allowance for the year you\u2019ll have to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    Market value

    ", + "

    In some situations you should use the market value of the property when working out your gain. Do this if:

    ", + "
  • it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)
    • ", + "
  • you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer
    • ", + "
  • you inherited it (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)
    • ", + "
  • you owned it before April 1982
    • ", + "

    Selling in special circumstances

    ", + "

    There are special rules for calculating your gain if:

    ", + "
  • you live abroad
    • ", + "
  • you sell a lease or part of your land
    • ", + "
  • your property is compulsorily purchased
    • ", + "

    Jointly owned property

    ", + "

    If you own property jointly with other people, work out the gain for the share that you own.

    ", + "

    Deduct costs

    ", + "

    You can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:

    ", + "
  • estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees
    • ", + "
  • costs of improvement works, for example for an extension (normal maintenance costs, such as decorating, do not count)
    • ", + "

    Reliefs

    ", + "

    You may get tax relief if the property was:

    ", + "
  • your home
    • ", + "
  • a business asset
    • ", + "
  • occupied by a dependent relative - find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief
    • ", + "

    Work out if you need to pay

    ", + "

    Once you know what your gain on the property is, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the calculator if you:

    ", + "
  • sold land
    • ", + "
  • sold business premises
    • ", + "
  • sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares
    • ", + "
  • reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own
    • ", + "
  • claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief
    • ", + "
  • are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative
    • ", + "

    Calculate Capital Gains Tax on property

    ", + "

    If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay

    ", + "

    You must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.

    ", + "

    Reporting a loss

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you need to report a loss.

    ", + "

    Businesses

    ", + "

    You may get tax relief if you sell property that you use for business. This may reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you pay.

    ", + "

    If the purpose of your business is to buy and sell property (you\u2019re a property developer, for example) you do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell a property. Instead, you pay:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax - if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner
    • ", + "
  • Corporation Tax - if you\u2019re a limited company
    • ", + "

    There are special rules for limited companies that dispose of a single residential property worth more than \u00a32 million.

    ", + "

    Selling overseas property

    ", + "

    You pay Capital Gains Tax when you \u2018dispose of\u2019 overseas property if you\u2019re resident in the UK.

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you\u2019re resident in the UK but your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.

    ", + "

    You may also have to pay tax in the country you made the gain. If you\u2019re taxed twice, you may be able to claim relief.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re non-resident

    ", + "

    Non-residents may have to pay UK tax on overseas property if they return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-deposit-protection": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-deposit-protection", + "title": "Tenancy deposit protection", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour landlord must put your deposit in a government-approved tenancy deposit scheme (TDP) if you rent your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007. In England and Wales your deposit can be registered with:\n\n- Deposit Protection Service\n\n- MyDeposits - including deposits that were held by Capita\n\n- Tenancy Deposit Scheme\n\nIf you don\u2019t rent your home on an assured shorthold tenancy, your landlord can accept valuable items (for example a car or watch) as a deposit instead of money. The items won\u2019t be protected by a scheme.\n\nThere are separate TDP schemes in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nThey make sure you\u2019ll get your deposit back if you:\n\n- meet the terms of your tenancy agreement\n\n- don\u2019t damage the property\n\n- pay your rent and bills\n\nYour landlord or letting agent must put your deposit in the scheme within 30 days of getting it.\n\n## At the end of your tenancy\n\nYour landlord must return your deposit within 10 days of you both agreeing how much you\u2019ll get back.\n\nIf you\u2019re in a dispute with your landlord, then your deposit will be protected in the TDP scheme until the issue is sorted out.\n\n## Holding deposits\n\nYour landlord doesn\u2019t have to protect a holding deposit (money you pay to \u2018hold\u2019 a property before an agreement is signed). Once you become a tenant, the holding deposit becomes a deposit, which they must protect.\n\n## Deposits made by a third party\n\nYour landlord must use a TDP scheme even if your deposit is paid by someone else, such as a rent deposit scheme or your parents.\n\n## Information landlords must give tenants\n\nOnce your landlord has received your deposit, they have 30 days to tell you:\n\n- the address of the rented property\n\n- how much deposit you\u2019ve paid\n\n- how the deposit is protected\n\n- the name and contact details of the tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme and its dispute resolution service\n\n- their (or the letting agency\u2019s) name and contact details\n\n- the name and contact details of any third party that\u2019s paid the deposit\n\n- why they would keep some or all of the deposit\n\n- how to apply to get the deposit back\n\n- what to do if you can\u2019t get hold of the landlord at the end of the tenancy\n\n- what to do if there\u2019s a dispute over the deposit\n\n## If your landlord doesn't protect your deposit\n\nContact a tenancy deposit scheme (TDP) if you\u2019re not sure whether your deposit has been protected.\n\nContact MyDeposits if your deposit was held by Capita.\n\n## Getting your deposit back\n\nYou can apply to your local county court if you think your landlord hasn\u2019t used a TDP scheme when they should have.\n\nGet legal advice before applying to court. You do not need a solicitor to do this.\n\n## Before going to court\n\nIt can be quicker and cheaper to write to your landlord, rather than going to court.\n\nIf you cannot come to an agreement, you can apply to the court for compensation.\n\n## Apply to a county court\n\nApply using Form N208: Claim form.\n\nThe court fee is \u00a3308. You can claim this back from your landlord if you win your case.\n\nYou can apply for money off your court fee if you claim certain benefits or have a low income.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf the court finds your landlord has not protected your deposit, it can order them to either:\n\n- repay it to you\n\n- pay it into a TDP scheme\u2019s bank account within 14 days\n\nThe court may also order the landlord to pay you up to 3 times the deposit within 14 days of making the order.\n\n## At the end of the tenancy\n\nThe court may decide that you won\u2019t have to leave the property when the tenancy ends if your landlord hasn\u2019t used a TDP scheme when they should have.\n\n## Disputes and problems\n\n## If there\u2019s a dispute over a deposit\n\nYour tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme offers a free dispute resolution service if you disagree with your landlord about how much deposit should be returned.\n\nYou don\u2019t have to use the service but if you do, both you and the landlord have to agree to it. You\u2019ll both be asked to provide evidence, and the decision made about your deposit will be final.\n\n## If you can\u2019t contact the landlord\n\nYou can \u2018raise a dispute\u2019 to get your deposit back if you can\u2019t contact your landlord and your deposit is held by one of the approved TDP schemes:\n\n- MyDeposits\n\n- Tenancy Deposit Scheme\n\n- Deposit Protection Service\n\nContact MyDeposits if your deposit was held by Capita.\n\nThe TDP scheme will refund your deposit if the dispute resolution service agrees.\n\nThere may be a limit on the time you have to raise a dispute. Contact the TDP scheme as soon as possible.\n\n## If your deposit is not held by an approved TDP scheme\n\nYou may be able to apply to your local county court to get your deposit back if your deposit was not protected by an approved TDP scheme.\n\nYou should write to your landlord and your letting agent (if you have one) before you make a claim. Your landlord or agent may offer to pay your deposit back after they get a letter to avoid legal costs.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nYou can get more help and advice from:\n\n- your local Citizens Advice office\n\n- a solicitor or advice agency\n\n- Shelter in England or Shelter in Wales", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your landlord must put your deposit in a government-approved tenancy deposit scheme (TDP) if you rent your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007. In England and Wales your deposit can be registered with:

    ", + "
  • Deposit Protection Service
    • ", + "
  • MyDeposits - including deposits that were held by Capita
    • ", + "
  • Tenancy Deposit Scheme
    • ", + "

    If you don\u2019t rent your home on an assured shorthold tenancy, your landlord can accept valuable items (for example a car or watch) as a deposit instead of money. The items won\u2019t be protected by a scheme.

    ", + "

    There are separate TDP schemes in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    They make sure you\u2019ll get your deposit back if you:

    ", + "
  • meet the terms of your tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t damage the property
    • ", + "
  • pay your rent and bills
    • ", + "

    Your landlord or letting agent must put your deposit in the scheme within 30 days of getting it.

    ", + "

    At the end of your tenancy

    ", + "

    Your landlord must return your deposit within 10 days of you both agreeing how much you\u2019ll get back.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a dispute with your landlord, then your deposit will be protected in the TDP scheme until the issue is sorted out.

    ", + "

    Holding deposits

    ", + "

    Your landlord doesn\u2019t have to protect a holding deposit (money you pay to \u2018hold\u2019 a property before an agreement is signed). Once you become a tenant, the holding deposit becomes a deposit, which they must protect.

    ", + "

    Deposits made by a third party

    ", + "

    Your landlord must use a TDP scheme even if your deposit is paid by someone else, such as a rent deposit scheme or your parents.

    ", + "

    Information landlords must give tenants

    ", + "

    Once your landlord has received your deposit, they have 30 days to tell you:

    ", + "
  • the address of the rented property
    • ", + "
  • how much deposit you\u2019ve paid
    • ", + "
  • how the deposit is protected
    • ", + "
  • the name and contact details of the tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme and its dispute resolution service
    • ", + "
  • their (or the letting agency\u2019s) name and contact details
    • ", + "
  • the name and contact details of any third party that\u2019s paid the deposit
    • ", + "
  • why they would keep some or all of the deposit
    • ", + "
  • how to apply to get the deposit back
    • ", + "
  • what to do if you can\u2019t get hold of the landlord at the end of the tenancy
    • ", + "
  • what to do if there\u2019s a dispute over the deposit
    • ", + "

    If your landlord doesn't protect your deposit

    ", + "

    Contact a tenancy deposit scheme (TDP) if you\u2019re not sure whether your deposit has been protected.

    ", + "

    Contact MyDeposits if your deposit was held by Capita.

    ", + "

    Getting your deposit back

    ", + "

    You can apply to your local county court if you think your landlord hasn\u2019t used a TDP scheme when they should have.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice before applying to court. You do not need a solicitor to do this.

    ", + "

    Before going to court

    ", + "

    It can be quicker and cheaper to write to your landlord, rather than going to court.

    ", + "

    If you cannot come to an agreement, you can apply to the court for compensation.

    ", + "

    Apply to a county court

    ", + "

    Apply using Form N208: Claim form.

    ", + "

    The court fee is \u00a3308. You can claim this back from your landlord if you win your case.

    ", + "

    You can apply for money off your court fee if you claim certain benefits or have a low income.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    If the court finds your landlord has not protected your deposit, it can order them to either:

    ", + "
  • repay it to you
    • ", + "
  • pay it into a TDP scheme\u2019s bank account within 14 days
    • ", + "

    The court may also order the landlord to pay you up to 3 times the deposit within 14 days of making the order.

    ", + "

    At the end of the tenancy

    ", + "

    The court may decide that you won\u2019t have to leave the property when the tenancy ends if your landlord hasn\u2019t used a TDP scheme when they should have.

    ", + "

    Disputes and problems

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a dispute over a deposit

    ", + "

    Your tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme offers a free dispute resolution service if you disagree with your landlord about how much deposit should be returned.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to use the service but if you do, both you and the landlord have to agree to it. You\u2019ll both be asked to provide evidence, and the decision made about your deposit will be final.

    ", + "

    If you can\u2019t contact the landlord

    ", + "

    You can \u2018raise a dispute\u2019 to get your deposit back if you can\u2019t contact your landlord and your deposit is held by one of the approved TDP schemes:

    ", + "
  • MyDeposits
    • ", + "
  • Tenancy Deposit Scheme
    • ", + "
  • Deposit Protection Service
    • ", + "

    Contact MyDeposits if your deposit was held by Capita.

    ", + "

    The TDP scheme will refund your deposit if the dispute resolution service agrees.

    ", + "

    There may be a limit on the time you have to raise a dispute. Contact the TDP scheme as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    If your deposit is not held by an approved TDP scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to your local county court to get your deposit back if your deposit was not protected by an approved TDP scheme.

    ", + "

    You should write to your landlord and your letting agent (if you have one) before you make a claim. Your landlord or agent may offer to pay your deposit back after they get a letter to avoid legal costs.

    ", + "

    Get help and advice

    ", + "

    You can get more help and advice from:

    ", + "
  • your local Citizens Advice office
    • ", + "
  • a solicitor or advice agency
    • ", + "
  • Shelter in England or Shelter in Wales
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/your-property-boundaries": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-property-boundaries", + "title": "Your property boundaries", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you live in England or Wales, there\u2019s usually no record of:\n\n- the exact boundary between two properties\n\n- who owns the hedge, wall, tree or fence between 2 properties\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou can get an idea of where the boundaries for your property are by looking at its title plan. Most title plans don\u2019t show exact boundaries - you usually don\u2019t need to have the exact boundaries recorded anywhere.\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nYou can apply to get the title plan corrected if you think there\u2019s a mistake on it.\n\n## Record the boundary more precisely\n\nYou can do this by:\n\n- making a boundary agreement with your neighbour\n\n- applying for a determined boundary\n\n## Make a boundary agreement with your neighbour\n\nYou can usually avoid having to create a boundary agreement by having an informal discussion with your neighbour.\n\n## Get help in solving disagreements\n\nUse the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Helpline Scheme to get advice on solving disagreements over boundaries.\n\n## What a boundary agreement can do\n\nYou and your neighbour can create a \u2018boundary agreement\u2019 to record:\n\n- the boundary between 2 properties\n\n- who\u2019s responsible for maintaining a hedge, wall, tree or fence between 2 properties\n\nGet legal advice if you\u2019re thinking about making a boundary agreement.\n\n## What a boundary agreement can\u2019t do\n\nYou can\u2019t use a boundary agreement to sell or give away part of your land to your neighbour.\n\nGet legal advice if you want to make sure the boundary agreement is still valid after you or your neighbour sell your property.\n\n## What to include in a boundary agreement\n\nYour boundary agreement must include:\n\n- your name and address\n\n- your neighbour\u2019s name and address\n\n- the date the agreement begins\n\n- the boundary you\u2019ve agreed\n\nYou can include the boundary using:\n\n- a written description\n\n- a copy of an Ordnance Survey map - you can draw or write on it to show the boundary\n\n- a map you\u2019ve drawn yourself\n\n## Example of a boundary agreement\n\n\u201cBoundary Agreement\n\nThis agreement is made on 15th July 2017 between John Smith of 10 Acacia Avenue, title to which is registered under title number XX12345, and Mary Brown of 12 Acacia Avenue, title to which is registered under title number XX67891.\n\nThe parties agree that the legal boundary between the land within their respective registered titles, and running from the point marked \u2018A\u2019 to the point marked \u2018B\u2019 on the plan attached, is as shown by the red line drawn between those points.\n\nSigned\n\n[Witness (Signature, name and address)]\n\nSigned\n\n[Witness (Signature, name and address)]\u201d\n\n## Record your boundary agreement\n\nFill in an application to change the register (AP1).\n\nIn section 4 under \u2018Applications in priority order\u2019, write: \u201cTo note a boundary agreement\u201d. Under \u2018Fees paid (\u00a3)\u2019 write \u201c\u00a340\u201d.\n\nYou don\u2019t need to fill in sections 9 to 14.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send:\n\n- the completed AP1 form\n\n- a copy of the boundary agreement\n\n- a cheque or postal order for \u00a340, payable to \u2018HMLR\u2019 or \u2018HM Land Registry\u2019\n\nSend the documents and fee to:\n\nHM Land Registry will update the register for your property and send a copy of the updated register back to you. They\u2019ll do the same for your neighbour.\n\n## Apply to record the exact boundary\n\nYou can apply to have the exact boundary between your property and your neighbour\u2019s recorded. This is known as applying for a \u2018determined boundary\u2019.\n\nYou can only do this if your property is registered.\n\nA determined boundary will still be valid if you or your neighbour sell your property.\n\nYour application may be referred to a tribunal if your neighbour doesn\u2019t agree with it. Get legal advice before making an application.\n\nCheck your property\u2019s title plan and register to see if it already has a determined boundary.\n\n## Apply for a determined boundary\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send:\n\n- a plan showing the determined boundary - ask a chartered land surveyor to make this\n\n- evidence that supports your application\n\n- a completed exact line of boundary (DB) form\n\n## Evidence that supports your application\n\nSend any evidence you have that justifies the surveyor\u2019s boundary. This could include:\n\n- certified copies of the deeds to your property from before the property was registered\n\n- an expert\u2019s report\n\n- a written statement signed in front of a solicitor, a magistrate or a commissioner of oaths\n\n## Send your application\n\nThe application costs \u00a390. You\u2019ll also need to pay the surveyor and the solicitor a fee.\n\nIf your neighbour agrees with your application, they\u2019ll need to sign the form and the plan as well.\n\nSend everything to:\n\nIf your application is successful, HM Land Registry (HMLR) will send you a copy of your updated title plan and register. They\u2019ll also send your neighbour a copy of their updated title plan and register.\n\n## If your neighbour objects to your application\n\nHMLR will decide whether the objection is valid. If it is, they\u2019ll give you and your neighbour the chance to come to an agreement.\n\nIf you can\u2019t, they\u2019ll pass your application to a tribunal. You may need to pay for legal advice and advice from a surveyor if this happens.\n\n## If the tribunal approves your application\n\nHMLR will send you a copy of your updated title plan and register. They\u2019ll record the determined boundary in the register.\n\n## If the tribunal rejects your application\n\nThe tribunal will either decide where the exact boundary should be, or decide not to set the exact boundary.\n\nYou may need to pay your neighbour\u2019s costs.\n\n## Correct a boundary mistake on a title plan\n\nWrite to HM Land Registry (HMLR) if you think there\u2019s a boundary mistake on a property\u2019s title plan.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- explain why you think there\u2019s a mistake\n\n- include any evidence that supports your argument, such as certified copies of the deeds to the property\n\nSend everything to:\n\nIf HMLR finds that there\u2019s a mistake, they\u2019ll tell you how to correct it.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you live in England or Wales, there\u2019s usually no record of:

    ", + "
  • the exact boundary between two properties
    • ", + "
  • who owns the hedge, wall, tree or fence between 2 properties
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You can get an idea of where the boundaries for your property are by looking at its title plan. Most title plans don\u2019t show exact boundaries - you usually don\u2019t need to have the exact boundaries recorded anywhere.

    ", + "

    The rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You can apply to get the title plan corrected if you think there\u2019s a mistake on it.

    ", + "

    Record the boundary more precisely

    ", + "

    You can do this by:

    ", + "
  • making a boundary agreement with your neighbour
    • ", + "
  • applying for a determined boundary
    • ", + "

    Make a boundary agreement with your neighbour

    ", + "

    You can usually avoid having to create a boundary agreement by having an informal discussion with your neighbour.

    ", + "

    Get help in solving disagreements

    ", + "

    Use the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Helpline Scheme to get advice on solving disagreements over boundaries.

    ", + "

    What a boundary agreement can do

    ", + "

    You and your neighbour can create a \u2018boundary agreement\u2019 to record:

    ", + "
  • the boundary between 2 properties
    • ", + "
  • who\u2019s responsible for maintaining a hedge, wall, tree or fence between 2 properties
    • ", + "

    Get legal advice if you\u2019re thinking about making a boundary agreement.

    ", + "

    What a boundary agreement can\u2019t do

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use a boundary agreement to sell or give away part of your land to your neighbour.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice if you want to make sure the boundary agreement is still valid after you or your neighbour sell your property.

    ", + "

    What to include in a boundary agreement

    ", + "

    Your boundary agreement must include:

    ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your neighbour\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • the date the agreement begins
    • ", + "
  • the boundary you\u2019ve agreed
    • ", + "

    You can include the boundary using:

    ", + "
  • a written description
    • ", + "
  • a copy of an Ordnance Survey map - you can draw or write on it to show the boundary
    • ", + "
  • a map you\u2019ve drawn yourself
    • ", + "

    Example of a boundary agreement

    ", + "

    \u201cBoundary Agreement

    ", + "

    This agreement is made on 15th July 2017 between John Smith of 10 Acacia Avenue, title to which is registered under title number XX12345, and Mary Brown of 12 Acacia Avenue, title to which is registered under title number XX67891.

    ", + "

    The parties agree that the legal boundary between the land within their respective registered titles, and running from the point marked \u2018A\u2019 to the point marked \u2018B\u2019 on the plan attached, is as shown by the red line drawn between those points.

    ", + "

    Signed

    ", + "

    [Witness (Signature, name and address)]

    ", + "

    Signed

    ", + "

    [Witness (Signature, name and address)]\u201d

    ", + "

    Record your boundary agreement

    ", + "

    Fill in an application to change the register (AP1).

    ", + "

    In section 4 under \u2018Applications in priority order\u2019, write: \u201cTo note a boundary agreement\u201d. Under \u2018Fees paid (\u00a3)\u2019 write \u201c\u00a340\u201d.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to fill in sections 9 to 14.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send:

    ", + "
  • the completed AP1 form
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the boundary agreement
    • ", + "
  • a cheque or postal order for \u00a340, payable to \u2018HMLR\u2019 or \u2018HM Land Registry\u2019
    • ", + "

    Send the documents and fee to:

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will update the register for your property and send a copy of the updated register back to you. They\u2019ll do the same for your neighbour.

    ", + "

    Apply to record the exact boundary

    ", + "

    You can apply to have the exact boundary between your property and your neighbour\u2019s recorded. This is known as applying for a \u2018determined boundary\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if your property is registered.

    ", + "

    A determined boundary will still be valid if you or your neighbour sell your property.

    ", + "

    Your application may be referred to a tribunal if your neighbour doesn\u2019t agree with it. Get legal advice before making an application.

    ", + "

    Check your property\u2019s title plan and register to see if it already has a determined boundary.

    ", + "

    Apply for a determined boundary

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send:

    ", + "
  • a plan showing the determined boundary - ask a chartered land surveyor to make this
    • ", + "
  • evidence that supports your application
    • ", + "
  • a completed exact line of boundary (DB) form
    • ", + "

    Evidence that supports your application

    ", + "

    Send any evidence you have that justifies the surveyor\u2019s boundary. This could include:

    ", + "
  • certified copies of the deeds to your property from before the property was registered
    • ", + "
  • an expert\u2019s report
    • ", + "
  • a written statement signed in front of a solicitor, a magistrate or a commissioner of oaths
    • ", + "

    Send your application

    ", + "

    The application costs \u00a390. You\u2019ll also need to pay the surveyor and the solicitor a fee.

    ", + "

    If your neighbour agrees with your application, they\u2019ll need to sign the form and the plan as well.

    ", + "

    Send everything to:

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, HM Land Registry (HMLR) will send you a copy of your updated title plan and register. They\u2019ll also send your neighbour a copy of their updated title plan and register.

    ", + "

    If your neighbour objects to your application

    ", + "

    HMLR will decide whether the objection is valid. If it is, they\u2019ll give you and your neighbour the chance to come to an agreement.

    ", + "

    If you can\u2019t, they\u2019ll pass your application to a tribunal. You may need to pay for legal advice and advice from a surveyor if this happens.

    ", + "

    If the tribunal approves your application

    ", + "

    HMLR will send you a copy of your updated title plan and register. They\u2019ll record the determined boundary in the register.

    ", + "

    If the tribunal rejects your application

    ", + "

    The tribunal will either decide where the exact boundary should be, or decide not to set the exact boundary.

    ", + "

    You may need to pay your neighbour\u2019s costs.

    ", + "

    Correct a boundary mistake on a title plan

    ", + "

    Write to HM Land Registry (HMLR) if you think there\u2019s a boundary mistake on a property\u2019s title plan.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • explain why you think there\u2019s a mistake
    • ", + "
  • include any evidence that supports your argument, such as certified copies of the deeds to the property
    • ", + "

    Send everything to:

    ", + "

    If HMLR finds that there\u2019s a mistake, they\u2019ll tell you how to correct it.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/building-regulations-approval": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/building-regulations-approval", + "title": "Building regulations approval", + "content": "## When you need approval\n\nYou must check if you need approval before you construct or change buildings in certain ways.\n\nYou do not need to get approval yourself if you use someone registered with a competent person scheme.\n\nFind out about the rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nBuilding regulations approval is different from planning permission. You might need both.\n\n## Work covered by building regulations\n\nThe Building Regulations 2010 cover the construction and extension of buildings.\n\nYou might also need building regulations approval for many alteration projects, including if you plan to:\n\n- replace fuse boxes and connected electrics\n\n- install a bathroom that will involve plumbing\n\n- change electrics near a bath or shower\n\n- put in a fixed air-conditioning system\n\n- replace windows and doors\n\n- replace roof coverings on pitched and flat roofs\n\n- install or replace a heating system\n\n- add extra radiators to a heating system\n\nYou could need approval, or to follow special rules, for works not listed here - so always research your particular project.\n\nCheck with a building control body if you cannot decide if you need approval.\n\nYou do not need advance approval for emergency repairs to your boiler or heating system, but there are rules you must follow.\n\n## Penalties and problems\n\nThe person doing the work could be prosecuted and fined if they do not comply with building regulations.\n\nYour local authority could make you pay for faulty work to be fixed.\n\nWithout approval you will not have the certificates of compliance you may need when you want to sell your home.\n\n## When you do not need approval\n\nYou do not need to apply for approval yourself if the work is not covered by building regulations, or if it\u2019s carried out by someone who\u2019s registered with a competent person scheme.\n\n## Work that does not need approval\n\nYou do not need building regulations approval for some exempt projects, including:\n\n- most repairs, replacements and maintenance work (except heating systems, oil tanks, fuse boxes and glazing units)\n\n- new power and lighting points, or changes to existing circuits (except around baths and showers)\n\n- like-for-like replacements of baths, toilets, basins and sinks\n\nFind out more about common projects and check when you do and do not need approval.\n\nCheck with a building control body if you\u2019re still not sure what to do.\n\n## Hire a \u2018competent person\u2019\n\nIf your project needs approval but you\u2019d rather not apply yourself, you can hire a tradesperson registered with a competent person scheme instead.\n\nYou must meet safety and energy efficiency standards even if you do not need formal approval.\n\n## Use a competent person scheme\n\nCompetent person schemes are a way for tradespeople to prove their ability to carry out certain work to required standards, instead of you applying for building regulations approval.\n\n## Benefits of a registered tradesperson\n\nAn installer (eg of windows or boilers) who\u2019s registered with a scheme can self-certify that their work complies with buildings standards and can deal with building control issues, like objections.\n\nIf needed, they\u2019ll tell your local authority about work on your behalf. They\u2019ll also give you a certificate within 8 weeks of completion which can be used as evidence of compliance - it will also show up in solicitors\u2019 searches if you come to sell your home.\n\nCompetent person schemes have insurance-backed warranties and complaints procedures if there\u2019s a problem with the work.\n\n## Find a \u2018competent person\u2019\n\nSearch the Competent Persons Register to find a tradesperson, or check that they belong to a scheme.\n\nSearch the Electrical Competent Person Register if you\u2019re looking for an electrician to work on your home.\n\nYou may have to correct the work or pay a fine if building regulations are not followed.\n\n## How to apply\n\nContact a \u2018building control body\u2019 (BCB) to check the building regulations or apply for approval.\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Where to apply\n\nThere are 2 types of BCB. It\u2019s up to you which you use.\n\n## Local authority BCBs\n\nYou can apply for approval from your council.\n\n## Private BCBs\n\nYou can apply through a private approved inspector.\n\nThey\u2019ll tell your local authority about the work. This is called giving an \u2018initial notice\u2019.\n\n## Choose a type of application\n\nYou must decide on the type of application for your planned build, extension or alteration work.\n\n## Full plans\n\nThis is the most thorough option. You can expect a decision within 5 weeks, or 2 months with your consent.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a completion certificate within 8 weeks of completion of the building work as long as it complies.\n\n## Building notice\n\nThis type of application is only for smaller projects. You can start work 2 days after your notice has been submitted to your BCB. You do not get formal approval like you do with full plans.\n\n## Regularisation\n\nYou can apply for \u2018regularisation\u2019 - retrospective approval for work already carried out without consent - from a local authority BCB only.\n\nOnly work carried out after 11 November 1985 can be approved in this way.\n\nYou might need to make alterations before your BCB can agree the work complies and give you a regularisation certificate.\n\nYou may have to correct the work or pay a fine if building regulations are not followed.\n\n## Fees and costs\n\nLocal authority BCBs base their fees on the costs of their work, like site inspections.\n\nWhat you\u2019ll pay depends on the:\n\n- type of work involved\n\n- number of dwellings in the building\n\n- total floor area, eg in the case of extensions\n\nPrivate BCBs negotiate their fees directly with you.\n\nYou might not have to pay a fee for works carried out solely for a person with a disability.\n\n## Appeals and determinations\n\nYou can appeal if you think your project should not have to comply with building regulations.\n\nAsk for a \u2018determination\u2019 if you\u2019re refused building regulations approval and you think the building control body (BCB) decision is unfair.\n\n## If you think you should not have to comply\n\nAsk your local authority to ignore or relax one or more of the building regulations if you think your project shouldn\u2019t have to comply with them.\n\nIf the local authority still says you have to comply, you can appeal to government. You have a month to make the appeal.\n\nFind out about making an appeal.\n\nYou cannot ask a private BCB to ignore or relax the building regulations. You\u2019ll have to ask your local authority BCB instead.\n\n## If the BCB refuses building regulations approval\n\nYou can ask for a \u2018determination\u2019 - a decision by government - if a BCB says your plans do not comply but you believe they do. Find out about asking for a determination.\n\n## How to appeal or get a determination\n\nYou\u2019ll need to read the guidance and fill in a form.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee when you ask for a determination unless your building work is for disabled people. You don\u2019t have to pay a fee to appeal.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you need approval

    ", + "

    You must check if you need approval before you construct or change buildings in certain ways.

    ", + "

    You do not need to get approval yourself if you use someone registered with a competent person scheme.

    ", + "

    Find out about the rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Building regulations approval is different from planning permission. You might need both.

    ", + "

    Work covered by building regulations

    ", + "

    The Building Regulations 2010 cover the construction and extension of buildings.

    ", + "

    You might also need building regulations approval for many alteration projects, including if you plan to:

    ", + "
  • replace fuse boxes and connected electrics
    • ", + "
  • install a bathroom that will involve plumbing
    • ", + "
  • change electrics near a bath or shower
    • ", + "
  • put in a fixed air-conditioning system
    • ", + "
  • replace windows and doors
    • ", + "
  • replace roof coverings on pitched and flat roofs
    • ", + "
  • install or replace a heating system
    • ", + "
  • add extra radiators to a heating system
    • ", + "

    You could need approval, or to follow special rules, for works not listed here - so always research your particular project.

    ", + "

    Check with a building control body if you cannot decide if you need approval.

    ", + "

    You do not need advance approval for emergency repairs to your boiler or heating system, but there are rules you must follow.

    ", + "

    Penalties and problems

    ", + "

    The person doing the work could be prosecuted and fined if they do not comply with building regulations.

    ", + "

    Your local authority could make you pay for faulty work to be fixed.

    ", + "

    Without approval you will not have the certificates of compliance you may need when you want to sell your home.

    ", + "

    When you do not need approval

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply for approval yourself if the work is not covered by building regulations, or if it\u2019s carried out by someone who\u2019s registered with a competent person scheme.

    ", + "

    Work that does not need approval

    ", + "

    You do not need building regulations approval for some exempt projects, including:

    ", + "
  • most repairs, replacements and maintenance work (except heating systems, oil tanks, fuse boxes and glazing units)
    • ", + "
  • new power and lighting points, or changes to existing circuits (except around baths and showers)
    • ", + "
  • like-for-like replacements of baths, toilets, basins and sinks
    • ", + "

    Find out more about common projects and check when you do and do not need approval.

    ", + "

    Check with a building control body if you\u2019re still not sure what to do.

    ", + "

    Hire a \u2018competent person\u2019

    ", + "

    If your project needs approval but you\u2019d rather not apply yourself, you can hire a tradesperson registered with a competent person scheme instead.

    ", + "

    You must meet safety and energy efficiency standards even if you do not need formal approval.

    ", + "

    Use a competent person scheme

    ", + "

    Competent person schemes are a way for tradespeople to prove their ability to carry out certain work to required standards, instead of you applying for building regulations approval.

    ", + "

    Benefits of a registered tradesperson

    ", + "

    An installer (eg of windows or boilers) who\u2019s registered with a scheme can self-certify that their work complies with buildings standards and can deal with building control issues, like objections.

    ", + "

    If needed, they\u2019ll tell your local authority about work on your behalf. They\u2019ll also give you a certificate within 8 weeks of completion which can be used as evidence of compliance - it will also show up in solicitors\u2019 searches if you come to sell your home.

    ", + "

    Competent person schemes have insurance-backed warranties and complaints procedures if there\u2019s a problem with the work.

    ", + "

    Find a \u2018competent person\u2019

    ", + "

    Search the Competent Persons Register to find a tradesperson, or check that they belong to a scheme.

    ", + "

    Search the Electrical Competent Person Register if you\u2019re looking for an electrician to work on your home.

    ", + "

    You may have to correct the work or pay a fine if building regulations are not followed.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Contact a \u2018building control body\u2019 (BCB) to check the building regulations or apply for approval.

    ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Where to apply

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of BCB. It\u2019s up to you which you use.

    ", + "

    Local authority BCBs

    ", + "

    You can apply for approval from your council.

    ", + "

    Private BCBs

    ", + "

    You can apply through a private approved inspector.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll tell your local authority about the work. This is called giving an \u2018initial notice\u2019.

    ", + "

    Choose a type of application

    ", + "

    You must decide on the type of application for your planned build, extension or alteration work.

    ", + "

    Full plans

    ", + "

    This is the most thorough option. You can expect a decision within 5 weeks, or 2 months with your consent.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a completion certificate within 8 weeks of completion of the building work as long as it complies.

    ", + "

    Building notice

    ", + "

    This type of application is only for smaller projects. You can start work 2 days after your notice has been submitted to your BCB. You do not get formal approval like you do with full plans.

    ", + "

    Regularisation

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018regularisation\u2019 - retrospective approval for work already carried out without consent - from a local authority BCB only.

    ", + "

    Only work carried out after 11 November 1985 can be approved in this way.

    ", + "

    You might need to make alterations before your BCB can agree the work complies and give you a regularisation certificate.

    ", + "

    You may have to correct the work or pay a fine if building regulations are not followed.

    ", + "

    Fees and costs

    ", + "

    Local authority BCBs base their fees on the costs of their work, like site inspections.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll pay depends on the:

    ", + "
  • type of work involved
    • ", + "
  • number of dwellings in the building
    • ", + "
  • total floor area, eg in the case of extensions
    • ", + "

    Private BCBs negotiate their fees directly with you.

    ", + "

    You might not have to pay a fee for works carried out solely for a person with a disability.

    ", + "

    Appeals and determinations

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you think your project should not have to comply with building regulations.

    ", + "

    Ask for a \u2018determination\u2019 if you\u2019re refused building regulations approval and you think the building control body (BCB) decision is unfair.

    ", + "

    If you think you should not have to comply

    ", + "

    Ask your local authority to ignore or relax one or more of the building regulations if you think your project shouldn\u2019t have to comply with them.

    ", + "

    If the local authority still says you have to comply, you can appeal to government. You have a month to make the appeal.

    ", + "

    Find out about making an appeal.

    ", + "

    You cannot ask a private BCB to ignore or relax the building regulations. You\u2019ll have to ask your local authority BCB instead.

    ", + "

    If the BCB refuses building regulations approval

    ", + "

    You can ask for a \u2018determination\u2019 - a decision by government - if a BCB says your plans do not comply but you believe they do. Find out about asking for a determination.

    ", + "

    How to appeal or get a determination

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to read the guidance and fill in a form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a fee when you ask for a determination unless your building work is for disabled people. You don\u2019t have to pay a fee to appeal.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/claim-planning-appeal-costs": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-planning-appeal-costs", + "title": "Claim planning appeal costs", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can claim costs if someone involved in your planning appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money.\n\nYou make a claim for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 to the Planning Inspectorate. If you\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll have to reach an agreement with the other party about how much they pay.\n\nYou can be asked to pay costs if you behave unreasonably during your own appeal. The Planning Inspectorate can do this even if nobody\u2019s claiming costs against you.\n\n## Deadline to claim for costs\n\nThe deadline depends on whether your appeal will be decided:\n\n- at a hearing or inquiry - apply before it closes\n\n- in writing - apply when you appeal for householder, commercial and tree preservation orders, or before the final comments stage for anything else\n\nThe deadline is different for claims about:\n\n- a site visit (eg someone didn\u2019t attend) - apply within 7 days\n\n- a withdrawn appeal or enforcement notice - apply within 4 weeks\n\n## When to claim\n\nYou may be able to claim costs if someone involved in your appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money. This includes if they:\n\n- fail to co-operate with you or others\n\n- miss deadlines\n\n- fail to turn up to a site visit, hearing or inquiry\n\n- gave information that was wrong or declared after the deadline\n\n## What costs you can claim\n\nYou can claim for costs directly related to your appeal, for example:\n\n- time preparing for an appeal\n\n- attending a hearing or inquiry\n\n- the use of consultants to provide detailed technical advice\n\n- witnesses if you need to pay them\n\nYou can\u2019t claim for costs relating to your original planning application.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim for costs by filling in the claim form. Return it to the address on the form.\n\nAlternatively, you can send a letter to the Planning Inspectorate. Include why you think someone has behaved unreasonably and how this has cost you money.\n\n## After you claim\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will consider your claim. The party being asked to pay will have an opportunity to respond in writing.\n\nIf you\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll be given either:\n\n- a full award - you can recover all your costs including the cost of claiming\n\n- a partial award - you can only recover some costs\n\nThe award doesn\u2019t tell you how much you should get. It\u2019s your responsibility to prove to the other party how much you\u2019ve spent on the appeal.\n\n## If they won\u2019t pay\n\nYou can make a court claim for money if the other party won\u2019t pay.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can claim costs if someone involved in your planning appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money.

    ", + "

    You make a claim for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 to the Planning Inspectorate. If you\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll have to reach an agreement with the other party about how much they pay.

    ", + "

    You can be asked to pay costs if you behave unreasonably during your own appeal. The Planning Inspectorate can do this even if nobody\u2019s claiming costs against you.

    ", + "

    Deadline to claim for costs

    ", + "

    The deadline depends on whether your appeal will be decided:

    ", + "
  • at a hearing or inquiry - apply before it closes
    • ", + "
  • in writing - apply when you appeal for householder, commercial and tree preservation orders, or before the final comments stage for anything else
    • ", + "

    The deadline is different for claims about:

    ", + "
  • a site visit (eg someone didn\u2019t attend) - apply within 7 days
    • ", + "
  • a withdrawn appeal or enforcement notice - apply within 4 weeks
    • ", + "

    When to claim

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim costs if someone involved in your appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money. This includes if they:

    ", + "
  • fail to co-operate with you or others
    • ", + "
  • miss deadlines
    • ", + "
  • fail to turn up to a site visit, hearing or inquiry
    • ", + "
  • gave information that was wrong or declared after the deadline
    • ", + "

    What costs you can claim

    ", + "

    You can claim for costs directly related to your appeal, for example:

    ", + "
  • time preparing for an appeal
    • ", + "
  • attending a hearing or inquiry
    • ", + "
  • the use of consultants to provide detailed technical advice
    • ", + "
  • witnesses if you need to pay them
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim for costs relating to your original planning application.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Claim for costs by filling in the claim form. Return it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Alternatively, you can send a letter to the Planning Inspectorate. Include why you think someone has behaved unreasonably and how this has cost you money.

    ", + "

    After you claim

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will consider your claim. The party being asked to pay will have an opportunity to respond in writing.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll be given either:

    ", + "
  • a full award - you can recover all your costs including the cost of claiming
    • ", + "
  • a partial award - you can only recover some costs
    • ", + "

    The award doesn\u2019t tell you how much you should get. It\u2019s your responsibility to prove to the other party how much you\u2019ve spent on the appeal.

    ", + "

    If they won\u2019t pay

    ", + "

    You can make a court claim for money if the other party won\u2019t pay.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/party-walls-building-works": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/party-walls-building-works", + "title": "Party walls and building work", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must tell your neighbours if you want to carry out any building work near or on your shared property boundary, or \u2018party wall\u2019, in England and Wales.\n\nParty walls stand on the land of 2 or more owners and either:\n\n- form part of a building\n\n- don\u2019t form part of a building, such as a garden wall (not wooden fences)\n\nWalls on one owner\u2019s land used by other owners (2 or more) to separate their buildings are also party walls.\n\n## Party structures\n\nYou can also have a \u2018party structure\u2019. This could be a floor or other structure that separates buildings or parts of buildings with different owners, eg flats.\n\nParty wall agreements are different from planning permission or building regulations approval.\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Work you must tell your neighbour about\n\nYou must tell your neighbour if you want to:\n\n- build on or at the boundary of your 2 properties\n\n- work on an existing party wall or party structure\n\n- dig below and near to the foundation level of their property\n\nExamples of this type of work include:\n\n- building a new wall\n\n- cutting into a party wall\n\n- making a party wall taller, shorter or deeper\n\n- removing chimneys from a party wall\n\n- knocking down and rebuilding a party wall\n\nFind more details of work you need to tell your neighbour about in the party wall explanatory booklet.\n\nYour neighbours can\u2019t stop you from making changes to your property that are within the law, but they can affect how and when your works are carried out.\n\n## What you don\u2019t need to tell them about\n\nYou don\u2019t need to tell your neighbour about minor changes, eg plastering, adding or replacing electrical wiring or sockets, or drilling to put up shelves or cabinets.\n\n## When and how to tell them\n\nYou must give notice to your neighbour between 2 months and a year before you plan to start building works. Include what you plan on doing.\n\nYou can speak to your neighbour to explain the work you want to carry out, before giving notice in writing.\n\nFind letter templates and more information on giving notice in the party wall explanatory booklet.\n\nAny agreement you reach should be in writing.\n\n## Reaching an agreement with your neighbours\n\nOnce you\u2019ve given notice your neighbour can:\n\n- give consent in writing\n\n- refuse consent, which will start the dispute resolution process\n\n- serve a counter notice requesting additional works be done at the same time (they\u2019ll have to pay for these if they benefit from the works)\n\nYour neighbour must let you know in writing within 14 days if they consent to your notice, and you must do the same with any counter notice. A counter notice must be served within a month of the first notice.\n\nFind examples of counter notice letters in the party wall booklet.\n\nYour neighbours need to respond to the notice. You can\u2019t assume that no response means they agree to the works.\n\nThe dispute resolution process will also start if they don\u2019t respond to your notice within the given time.\n\n## Who pays for the work\n\nYou need to pay for any building works that you start on a party wall.\n\nYour neighbour may have to meet a share of the cost if the work needs to be done because of defects or lack of repair. They will also need to pay if they ask for additional works to be done that will benefit them.\n\nAn appointed surveyor will set out who pays what if you can\u2019t agree.\n\n## If you can't agree\n\nYou must appoint a surveyor if you and your neighbour can\u2019t agree. You can appoint a surveyor together or each appoint your own. The surveyors will then agree on a \u2018party wall award\u2019.\n\nThis is a legal document which says:\n\n- what work should happen\n\n- how and when it will be carried out\n\n- who will pay for which part and how much will be paid (including surveyor\u2019s fees)\n\nYou can\u2019t act as your own surveyor.\n\n## If your neighbour doesn\u2019t appoint a surveyor\n\nYou can appoint a surveyor on behalf of your neighbour if they refuse or fail to do so themselves.\n\n## If you don\u2019t agree with the award\n\nYou can appeal against an award at a county court within 14 days of receiving it. You need to file an appellant\u2019s notice in a county court, explaining why you\u2019re appealing.\n\n## When works begin\n\nWhen carrying out building works you must:\n\n- avoid causing unnecessary inconvenience\n\n- protect your neighbour\u2019s property from damage caused by the works, and fix or pay for any damage that is caused\n\n## Access to your neighbour\u2019s property\n\nYour neighbour must allow surveyors and workmen access to their property during usual working hours to carry out the building works. They must be given 14 days\u2019 notice except in an emergency.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must tell your neighbours if you want to carry out any building work near or on your shared property boundary, or \u2018party wall\u2019, in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    Party walls stand on the land of 2 or more owners and either:

    ", + "
  • form part of a building
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t form part of a building, such as a garden wall (not wooden fences)
    • ", + "

    Walls on one owner\u2019s land used by other owners (2 or more) to separate their buildings are also party walls.

    ", + "

    Party structures

    ", + "

    You can also have a \u2018party structure\u2019. This could be a floor or other structure that separates buildings or parts of buildings with different owners, eg flats.

    ", + "

    Party wall agreements are different from planning permission or building regulations approval.

    ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Work you must tell your neighbour about

    ", + "

    You must tell your neighbour if you want to:

    ", + "
  • build on or at the boundary of your 2 properties
    • ", + "
  • work on an existing party wall or party structure
    • ", + "
  • dig below and near to the foundation level of their property
    • ", + "

    Examples of this type of work include:

    ", + "
  • building a new wall
    • ", + "
  • cutting into a party wall
    • ", + "
  • making a party wall taller, shorter or deeper
    • ", + "
  • removing chimneys from a party wall
    • ", + "
  • knocking down and rebuilding a party wall
    • ", + "

    Find more details of work you need to tell your neighbour about in the party wall explanatory booklet.

    ", + "

    Your neighbours can\u2019t stop you from making changes to your property that are within the law, but they can affect how and when your works are carried out.

    ", + "

    What you don\u2019t need to tell them about

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to tell your neighbour about minor changes, eg plastering, adding or replacing electrical wiring or sockets, or drilling to put up shelves or cabinets.

    ", + "

    When and how to tell them

    ", + "

    You must give notice to your neighbour between 2 months and a year before you plan to start building works. Include what you plan on doing.

    ", + "

    You can speak to your neighbour to explain the work you want to carry out, before giving notice in writing.

    ", + "

    Find letter templates and more information on giving notice in the party wall explanatory booklet.

    ", + "

    Any agreement you reach should be in writing.

    ", + "

    Reaching an agreement with your neighbours

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve given notice your neighbour can:

    ", + "
  • give consent in writing
    • ", + "
  • refuse consent, which will start the dispute resolution process
    • ", + "
  • serve a counter notice requesting additional works be done at the same time (they\u2019ll have to pay for these if they benefit from the works)
    • ", + "

    Your neighbour must let you know in writing within 14 days if they consent to your notice, and you must do the same with any counter notice. A counter notice must be served within a month of the first notice.

    ", + "

    Find examples of counter notice letters in the party wall booklet.

    ", + "

    Your neighbours need to respond to the notice. You can\u2019t assume that no response means they agree to the works.

    ", + "

    The dispute resolution process will also start if they don\u2019t respond to your notice within the given time.

    ", + "

    Who pays for the work

    ", + "

    You need to pay for any building works that you start on a party wall.

    ", + "

    Your neighbour may have to meet a share of the cost if the work needs to be done because of defects or lack of repair. They will also need to pay if they ask for additional works to be done that will benefit them.

    ", + "

    An appointed surveyor will set out who pays what if you can\u2019t agree.

    ", + "

    If you can't agree

    ", + "

    You must appoint a surveyor if you and your neighbour can\u2019t agree. You can appoint a surveyor together or each appoint your own. The surveyors will then agree on a \u2018party wall award\u2019.

    ", + "

    This is a legal document which says:

    ", + "
  • what work should happen
    • ", + "
  • how and when it will be carried out
    • ", + "
  • who will pay for which part and how much will be paid (including surveyor\u2019s fees)
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t act as your own surveyor.

    ", + "

    If your neighbour doesn\u2019t appoint a surveyor

    ", + "

    You can appoint a surveyor on behalf of your neighbour if they refuse or fail to do so themselves.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t agree with the award

    ", + "

    You can appeal against an award at a county court within 14 days of receiving it. You need to file an appellant\u2019s notice in a county court, explaining why you\u2019re appealing.

    ", + "

    When works begin

    ", + "

    When carrying out building works you must:

    ", + "
  • avoid causing unnecessary inconvenience
    • ", + "
  • protect your neighbour\u2019s property from damage caused by the works, and fix or pay for any damage that is caused
    • ", + "

    Access to your neighbour\u2019s property

    ", + "

    Your neighbour must allow surveyors and workmen access to their property during usual working hours to carry out the building works. They must be given 14 days\u2019 notice except in an emergency.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/council-housing-association-evictions": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-housing-association-evictions", + "title": "Council and housing association evictions", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be able to stop or delay the eviction. You can get advice from charities like Citizens Advice or Shelter.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid. If you\u2019re eligible, you can get advice from Civil Legal Advice, or you can search for a legal aid adviser.\n\nIf your case goes to court, you might be able to get help on the day from an adviser in the court building.\n\nEviction means your landlord ends your tenancy and you have to leave your property.\n\nThe steps that your council or housing association must take to evict you depends on the type of tenancy you have. But the basic steps are:\n\n- You get written notice that the council or housing association plans to evict you.\n\n- If you do not leave or cannot come to an agreement, the council or housing association can apply to the court for a possession order.\n\n- The court decides whether you can be evicted.\n\n- If you still do not leave, bailiffs can remove you and your belongings.\n\n## Written notice\n\nYour council or housing association must give you a written warning notice that they plan to evict you. The notice is normally either at least 4 weeks or 4 months, depending on the type of tenancy you have.\n\nHowever, they can start eviction proceedings immediately if you\u2019re responsible for serious antisocial behaviour like drug-dealing.\n\nFor most types of tenancy, your council or housing association must also tell you why they\u2019re planning to evict you.\n\nThe quicker you reply to the written notice, the better chance you have of keeping your home. If you ignore it and stay in the property, or the council or housing association is not satisfied with your response, they may apply to the court for permission to evict you.\n\n## Rent arrears\n\nIf you\u2019re facing eviction over unpaid rent, before taking you to court the council or housing association must:\n\n- try to talk to you about the arrears as early as possible\n\n- give you detailed information about the arrears\n\n- offer help, if you need it, to make a housing benefit claim\n\n- agree to delay taking you to court if you make a reasonable offer to pay off your rent arrears\n\nThese steps are known as the \u2018pre-action protocol\u2019.\n\n## The court hearing\n\nYour council or housing association will need permission from a court to evict you.\n\nYou\u2019ll get papers confirming the date of the hearing. At the hearing you have the chance to tell your side of the story.\n\nThe court can:\n\n- issue a possession order giving the council or housing association permission to evict you\n\n- decide evicting you is not justified - eviction proceedings will then stop\n\n- issue a suspended or postponed possession order giving you a final chance to avoid eviction\n\n## After the hearing\n\nThe possession order will state the date you must leave the property by. If you do not leave, your council or housing association can ask the court to send a bailiff to remove you and your belongings. The court will tell you the date they\u2019ll arrive.\n\nIn certain situations, your local council may offer you temporary housing to give you a chance to find another property. While it\u2019s looking into your case, the council may offer you emergency accommodation (such as a hostel or B&B). Shelter has an emergency housing rights checker tool that shows whether you may be entitled to this.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to stop or delay the eviction. You can get advice from charities like Citizens Advice or Shelter.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid. If you\u2019re eligible, you can get advice from Civil Legal Advice, or you can search for a legal aid adviser.

    ", + "

    If your case goes to court, you might be able to get help on the day from an adviser in the court building.

    ", + "

    Eviction means your landlord ends your tenancy and you have to leave your property.

    ", + "

    The steps that your council or housing association must take to evict you depends on the type of tenancy you have. But the basic steps are:

    ", + "
  • You get written notice that the council or housing association plans to evict you.
    • ", + "
  • If you do not leave or cannot come to an agreement, the council or housing association can apply to the court for a possession order.
    • ", + "
  • The court decides whether you can be evicted.
    • ", + "
  • If you still do not leave, bailiffs can remove you and your belongings.
    • ", + "

    Written notice

    ", + "

    Your council or housing association must give you a written warning notice that they plan to evict you. The notice is normally either at least 4 weeks or 4 months, depending on the type of tenancy you have.

    ", + "

    However, they can start eviction proceedings immediately if you\u2019re responsible for serious antisocial behaviour like drug-dealing.

    ", + "

    For most types of tenancy, your council or housing association must also tell you why they\u2019re planning to evict you.

    ", + "

    The quicker you reply to the written notice, the better chance you have of keeping your home. If you ignore it and stay in the property, or the council or housing association is not satisfied with your response, they may apply to the court for permission to evict you.

    ", + "

    Rent arrears

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re facing eviction over unpaid rent, before taking you to court the council or housing association must:

    ", + "
  • try to talk to you about the arrears as early as possible
    • ", + "
  • give you detailed information about the arrears
    • ", + "
  • offer help, if you need it, to make a housing benefit claim
    • ", + "
  • agree to delay taking you to court if you make a reasonable offer to pay off your rent arrears
    • ", + "

    These steps are known as the \u2018pre-action protocol\u2019.

    ", + "

    The court hearing

    ", + "

    Your council or housing association will need permission from a court to evict you.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get papers confirming the date of the hearing. At the hearing you have the chance to tell your side of the story.

    ", + "

    The court can:

    ", + "
  • issue a possession order giving the council or housing association permission to evict you
    • ", + "
  • decide evicting you is not justified - eviction proceedings will then stop
    • ", + "
  • issue a suspended or postponed possession order giving you a final chance to avoid eviction
    • ", + "

    After the hearing

    ", + "

    The possession order will state the date you must leave the property by. If you do not leave, your council or housing association can ask the court to send a bailiff to remove you and your belongings. The court will tell you the date they\u2019ll arrive.

    ", + "

    In certain situations, your local council may offer you temporary housing to give you a chance to find another property. While it\u2019s looking into your case, the council may offer you emergency accommodation (such as a hostel or B&B). Shelter has an emergency housing rights checker tool that shows whether you may be entitled to this.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting-evictions": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting-evictions", + "title": "Private renting for tenants: evictions", + "content": "## Rules your landlord must follow\n\nYour landlord must follow strict procedures if they want you to leave their property, depending on the type of tenancy agreement you have and the terms of it.\n\nIf they do not, they may be guilty of illegally evicting or harassing you.\n\nYour landlord must follow different procedures to evict you in Northern Ireland and Scotland.\n\n## Rules for periodic Assured Shorthold Tenancies (ASTs)\n\nPeriodic tenancies run on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis with no fixed end date.\n\nIf you have one of these, your landlord must usually give you \u2018notice to quit\u2019 - they must do this in a certain way depending on your type of tenancy agreement and its terms.\n\n## Notice periods\n\nThere are different eviction notice periods in Wales.\n\nIn England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), the notice periods are longer.\n\nIf you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.\n\nIf you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, your landlord must have given you 6 months to leave the property\n\nIf you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.\n\nYou might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\n## If you do not leave at the end of the notice period\n\nIf you do not leave at the end of the notice period, your landlord must apply to the court for a possession order. If the court gives them a possession order and you still do not leave, they must apply for a warrant for possession - this means bailiffs can evict you from the property.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Rules for fixed-term ASTs\n\nFixed-term tenancies run for a set amount of time. Your landlord must give you notice in a certain way if you\u2019re in a fixed-term tenancy.\n\n## Notice periods\n\nThere are different eviction notice periods in Wales.\n\nIn England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.\n\nIf you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.\n\nIf you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, your landlord must have given you 6 months to leave the property\n\nIf you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, in most cases your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.\n\nYou might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\n## If you do not leave at the end of the notice period\n\nIf you refuse to leave at the end of the notice period, the rules depend on whether the fixed term has ended or not.\n\n## Eviction during the fixed term\n\nDuring the fixed term, your landlord can only evict you for certain reasons - for example:\n\n- you have not paid the rent\n\n- you\u2019re engaging in antisocial behaviour\n\n- there\u2019s a \u2018break clause\u2019 in your contract - this allows your landlord to take back the property before the end of the fixed term\n\nA possession order will not take effect until you\u2019ve been living in the property for at least 6 months.\n\n## Eviction at the end of the fixed term\n\nAt the end of the fixed term, the landlord does not need a reason to evict you. As long as they\u2019ve given you correct notice, they can apply to the court for a possession order.\n\nIf the court gives your landlord a possession order and you still do not leave, your landlord must apply for a warrant for possession - this means bailiffs can evict you from the property.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Rules for excluded tenancies or licences\n\nIf you have an excluded tenancy or licence (for example you live with your landlord), your landlord does not have to go to court to evict you.\n\nYour landlord only needs to give you \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. The notice does not have to be in writing.\n\nThere are no set rules about what\u2019s reasonable. It depends on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been living there\n\n- how often you pay the rent\n\n- whether you get on with your landlord\n\n- how quickly the landlord needs another person to move in\n\nThey can then change the locks on your rooms, even if you\u2019ve left your belongings there. However, they must give your belongings back to you.\n\nIf you do not think you\u2019ve been given enough warning to leave, contact your local council for advice. Your council can take action if your landlord has evicted you illegally.\n\nShelter has more information about eviction of excluded occupiers.\n\n## Rules for assured and regulated tenancies\n\nIf your tenancy started before 27 February 1997, you might have an assured or a regulated tenancy. Your landlord will have to follow different rules to evict you and you\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction.\n\nThere are different eviction notice periods in Wales.\n\nIn England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.\n\nIf you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been given notice on or after 29 August 2020, your landlord must give you 6 months to leave. You might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\nShelter has more information about assured tenancies and regulated tenancies.\n\nShelter Cymru has more information about assured tenancies and regulated tenancies in Wales.\n\n## Accelerated possession\n\nLandlords can sometimes evict tenants using \u2018accelerated possession\u2019. This is quicker than a normal eviction and does not usually need a court hearing.\n\nYour landlord can only do this if:\n\n- you have an assured shorthold tenancy or a statutory periodic tenancy\n\n- you have a written tenancy agreement\n\n- they\u2019ve given you the required written notice in the right form\n\n- they have not asked you to leave before the end of a fixed-term tenancy\n\nYour landlord must also tell the court if you and your dependants have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19) in a way that affects the case. For example, if you lost income because of COVID-19 which meant you were not able to pay rent.\n\nYou can only stop accelerated possession if you can prove your landlord has not followed the rules listed above.\n\n## How it works\n\nIf your landlord applies for accelerated possession, the court will send you:\n\n- a copy of your landlord\u2019s application\n\n- a \u2018defence form\u2019\n\nFill in the defence form to challenge the application or write a statement outlining your circumstances.\n\nIf your case is affected by COVID-19, include details. For example, why you lost income and were not able to pay rent.\n\nYou can get help filling in the defence form.\n\nYou must complete and return the defence form or statement to the court within 14 days of receiving it.\n\n## If your landlord applied for possession before 3 August 2020\n\nIf your landlord wants to continue with their claim for possession they must make another application to the court. You will get a copy of your landlord\u2019s application and instructions from the court on how to challenge the application.\n\n## The judge\u2019s decision\n\nA judge will decide whether to:\n\n- issue a possession order, giving your landlord the right to evict you and take possession of the property (this is normally the case)\n\n- have a court hearing (this usually only happens if the paperwork is not in order or you\u2019ve raised an important issue)\n\nEven if there\u2019s a hearing, the court can still decide to issue a possession order.\n\n## If the judge issues a possession order\n\nIf the judge makes a possession order, you\u2019ll normally have 14 or 28 days to leave the property. If this will cause you exceptional hardship, the judge may give you up to 42 days to leave.\n\nIf you do not leave at this point, your landlord can use bailiffs to evict you.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Eviction court hearings\n\nIf your landlord goes to court to evict you, there will be a \u2018possession hearing\u2019.\n\n## Before the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll know your landlord is taking you to court to evict you because you\u2019ll be sent court papers, including:\n\n- copies of \u2018claim for possession\u2019 forms\n\n- a defence form\n\n- a date for your court hearing\n\nThe defence form is your chance to say why you have rent arrears and if you disagree with what your landlord put on the \u2018claim for possession\u2019 forms. You need to return it within 14 days.\n\nYou may have to pay extra court fees if you do not provide information in the defence form and this results in a delay to your court case.\n\nIf you do not attend your court hearing, it\u2019s very likely the judge will decide you\u2019ll lose your home.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and court hearings\n\nThe court process is different because of COVID-19.\n\nYour landlord must tell the court if you and your dependants have been affected by COVID-19. For example, if you have lost income because of COVID-19, which meant you were not able to pay your rent.\n\n## During the hearing\n\nIf you have not received advice before, you can get free legal advice and representation in court on the day of the hearing. This is under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme. Contact your local council or the court where your case is being heard.\n\nIf the scheme is not available in your area, check with the court whether there are other advice services. You can also check if you can get legal aid.\n\nThe charity Shelter has information on what happens at a possession hearing.\n\n## The judge\u2019s decision\n\nThe judge could:\n\n- dismiss the court case - no order will be made and the hearing is finished\n\n- adjourn the hearing - the hearing will be delayed until later, as the judge feels a decision cannot be made on the day\n\n- make an \u2018order\u2019 - the judge will make a legal decision on what will happen\n\nThe judge will dismiss the case if there\u2019s no reason you should be evicted. This might happen if:\n\n- your landlord has not followed the correct procedure\n\n- your landlord or their representative does not attend the hearing\n\n- you\u2019ve paid any rent arrears\n\nIf the judge dismisses the case, you can stay in your home. If the landlord wants to evict you, they\u2019ll have to restart the court process from the beginning.\n\n## Types of possession order\n\nThere are several different kinds of orders a judge can make.\n\n## Order for possession (or \u2018outright possession order\u2019)\n\nThis means you must leave the property before the date given in the order.\n\nThe date will be either 14 or 28 days after your court hearing. If you\u2019re in an exceptionally difficult situation, you may be able to convince the judge to delay this for up to 6 weeks.\n\nIf you do not leave your home by the date given, your landlord can ask the court to evict you by asking for a \u2018warrant for possession\u2019. If the court gives a warrant, you\u2019ll be sent an eviction notice that gives a date when you must leave your home.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Suspended order for possession\n\nThis means if you make the payments, or obey the conditions, set out in the order, you can stay in your home. If you do not make the payments, your landlord can ask the court to evict you.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Money order\n\nThis means you have to pay the landlord the amount set out in the order. If you do not make the payments, action could be taken by the courts to recover the money, including:\n\n- deducting money from your wages or bank account\n\n- sending bailiffs to take away things you own\n\nIf you get into rent arrears after a money order has been made, your landlord can go to court again and ask for a possession order.\n\n## Possession orders with a money judgment\n\nA judge can add a money judgment to any of the possession orders. This means you owe a specific amount of money, usually made up of:\n\n- your rent arrears\n\n- court fees\n\n- your landlord\u2019s legal costs\n\nThe money judgment will not apply if you pay your arrears and the amount set out in a suspended possession order.\n\nHowever, the money judgment will apply if you do not pay the amount set out in the suspended possession order that\u2019s linked to the judgment. If you do not pay, the landlord may ask the court to carry out the instructions in the order and the judgment.\n\n## Eviction notices\n\nIf you do not leave your home by the date given in an outright possession order, your landlord can ask the court for a \u2018warrant of possession\u2019.\n\nIf the court gives a warrant, you\u2019ll be sent an eviction notice that gives a date when you must leave your home. Bailiffs can evict you after this date. The costs of evicting you will be added to the money you owe.\n\n## Changes to evictions in England and Wales because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England.\n\nIn Wales, currently you will not be evicted by bailiffs, unless there is a serious reason. Bailiffs will only enter the property if you:\n\n- are living there illegally\n\n- have been involved in antisocial behaviour\n\n## Delaying eviction\n\nYou can ask a judge to suspend the warrant at a new hearing. This means they\u2019ll delay the eviction or let you stay in your home if you can make payments again.\n\nThe judge will not automatically agree to suspend the warrant.\n\n## Applying to suspend a warrant\n\nTo apply for a suspension of a warrant, you must fill out an application notice and either send or deliver it to the county court dealing with your case.\n\nYou must tell the court you need a hearing at short notice (before your eviction date). You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of \u00a314, unless you qualify for help.\n\nPay the county court:\n\n- by phone with a debit or credit card\n\n- by post with a cheque or postal order made out to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\n- in person with cash or a debit or credit card\n\nYou can find the address and phone number for the county court online.\n\n## Asking the court to change your payments\n\nIf your circumstances change, you can ask a judge at a new hearing to change what you pay. To do this, you must fill out an application notice and either send or deliver it to the county court dealing with your case.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of \u00a3100, unless you qualify for help.\n\nPay the county court:\n\n- in person by cheque, cash, debit or credit card\n\n- by post with a cheque made out to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\n## Appealing against the decision\n\nYou can only appeal if you can show the judge made mistakes in the original possession hearing. You\u2019ll need to ask the judge for permission to appeal at the end of the original hearing.\n\nIf you get permission to appeal, you\u2019ll have to apply for an appeal hearing very soon afterwards. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of up to \u00a3140, unless you qualify for help.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get legal advice.\n\n## Contact your local council\n\nIf you\u2019re worried about becoming homeless, contact your local council for homelessness help and advice.\n\n## Harassment and illegal evictions\n\nIt\u2019s a crime for your landlord to harass you or try to force you out of a property without using proper procedures. If this happens, you may have a right to claim damages through the court.\n\n## What is harassment?\n\nHarassment can be anything a landlord does, or fails to do, that makes you feel unsafe in the property or forces you to leave.\n\nHarassment can include:\n\n- stopping services, like electricity\n\n- withholding keys, for example there are 2 tenants in a property but the landlord will only give 1 key\n\n- refusing to carry out repairs\n\n- anti-social behaviour by a landlord\u2019s agent, for example a friend of the landlord moves in next door and causes problems\n\n- threats and physical violence\n\n## Illegal eviction and tenants\u2019 rights\n\nYour landlord may be guilty of illegal eviction if you:\n\n- are not given the notice to leave the property that your landlord must give you\n\n- find the locks have been changed\n\n- are evicted without a court order\n\nEven if your landlord\u2019s property is repossessed by their mortgage lender, the lender must give you notice so you can find other accommodation.\n\nIf you have an assured, assured shorthold or regulated tenancy, they must give you:\n\n- 3 months to leave the property if you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020\n\n- 6 months to leave if you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021\n\n- 4 months to leave if you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021\n\nIn Wales, the notice period must be:\n\n- at least 6 months if they gave you notice on or after 24 July 2020\n\n- at least 3 months if they issued a section 8 notice for antisocial behaviour\n\nCitizens Advice has information on repossession by your landlord\u2019s mortgage lender.\n\n## What you can do\n\nIf you think you\u2019re being harassed or threatened with illegal eviction, or the property you rent is being repossessed, talk to your local council.\n\nIt may have someone specialising in tenant harassment issues.\n\nLocal councils can also start legal proceedings if they think there\u2019s enough evidence of harassment or illegal eviction.\n\nYou could also contact a legal adviser, a Citizens Advice office or Shelter\u2019s housing advice helpline.\n\nYour local area may also have other housing or legal advice organisations - your local council, phonebook or library should have details.\n\nIf physical violence is involved, contact the police.\n\nFor further advice, the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government has a detailed guide for tenants facing harassment and illegal eviction.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Rules your landlord must follow

    ", + "

    Your landlord must follow strict procedures if they want you to leave their property, depending on the type of tenancy agreement you have and the terms of it.

    ", + "

    If they do not, they may be guilty of illegally evicting or harassing you.

    ", + "

    Your landlord must follow different procedures to evict you in Northern Ireland and Scotland.

    ", + "

    Rules for periodic Assured Shorthold Tenancies (ASTs)

    ", + "

    Periodic tenancies run on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis with no fixed end date.

    ", + "

    If you have one of these, your landlord must usually give you \u2018notice to quit\u2019 - they must do this in a certain way depending on your type of tenancy agreement and its terms.

    ", + "

    Notice periods

    ", + "

    There are different eviction notice periods in Wales.

    ", + "

    In England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), the notice periods are longer.

    ", + "

    If you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.

    ", + "

    If you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, your landlord must have given you 6 months to leave the property

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    ", + "

    You might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave at the end of the notice period

    ", + "

    If you do not leave at the end of the notice period, your landlord must apply to the court for a possession order. If the court gives them a possession order and you still do not leave, they must apply for a warrant for possession - this means bailiffs can evict you from the property.

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.

    ", + "

    Rules for fixed-term ASTs

    ", + "

    Fixed-term tenancies run for a set amount of time. Your landlord must give you notice in a certain way if you\u2019re in a fixed-term tenancy.

    ", + "

    Notice periods

    ", + "

    There are different eviction notice periods in Wales.

    ", + "

    In England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.

    ", + "

    If you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.

    ", + "

    If you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, your landlord must have given you 6 months to leave the property

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, in most cases your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    ", + "

    You might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave at the end of the notice period

    ", + "

    If you refuse to leave at the end of the notice period, the rules depend on whether the fixed term has ended or not.

    ", + "

    Eviction during the fixed term

    ", + "

    During the fixed term, your landlord can only evict you for certain reasons - for example:

    ", + "
  • you have not paid the rent
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re engaging in antisocial behaviour
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s a \u2018break clause\u2019 in your contract - this allows your landlord to take back the property before the end of the fixed term
    • ", + "

    A possession order will not take effect until you\u2019ve been living in the property for at least 6 months.

    ", + "

    Eviction at the end of the fixed term

    ", + "

    At the end of the fixed term, the landlord does not need a reason to evict you. As long as they\u2019ve given you correct notice, they can apply to the court for a possession order.

    ", + "

    If the court gives your landlord a possession order and you still do not leave, your landlord must apply for a warrant for possession - this means bailiffs can evict you from the property.

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.

    ", + "

    Rules for excluded tenancies or licences

    ", + "

    If you have an excluded tenancy or licence (for example you live with your landlord), your landlord does not have to go to court to evict you.

    ", + "

    Your landlord only needs to give you \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. The notice does not have to be in writing.

    ", + "

    There are no set rules about what\u2019s reasonable. It depends on:

    ", + "
  • how long you\u2019ve been living there
    • ", + "
  • how often you pay the rent
    • ", + "
  • whether you get on with your landlord
    • ", + "
  • how quickly the landlord needs another person to move in
    • ", + "

    They can then change the locks on your rooms, even if you\u2019ve left your belongings there. However, they must give your belongings back to you.

    ", + "

    If you do not think you\u2019ve been given enough warning to leave, contact your local council for advice. Your council can take action if your landlord has evicted you illegally.

    ", + "

    Shelter has more information about eviction of excluded occupiers.

    ", + "

    Rules for assured and regulated tenancies

    ", + "

    If your tenancy started before 27 February 1997, you might have an assured or a regulated tenancy. Your landlord will have to follow different rules to evict you and you\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction.

    ", + "

    There are different eviction notice periods in Wales.

    ", + "

    In England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.

    ", + "

    If you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice on or after 29 August 2020, your landlord must give you 6 months to leave. You might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.

    ", + "

    Shelter has more information about assured tenancies and regulated tenancies.

    ", + "

    Shelter Cymru has more information about assured tenancies and regulated tenancies in Wales.

    ", + "

    Accelerated possession

    ", + "

    Landlords can sometimes evict tenants using \u2018accelerated possession\u2019. This is quicker than a normal eviction and does not usually need a court hearing.

    ", + "

    Your landlord can only do this if:

    ", + "
  • you have an assured shorthold tenancy or a statutory periodic tenancy
    • ", + "
  • you have a written tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ve given you the required written notice in the right form
    • ", + "
  • they have not asked you to leave before the end of a fixed-term tenancy
    • ", + "

    Your landlord must also tell the court if you and your dependants have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19) in a way that affects the case. For example, if you lost income because of COVID-19 which meant you were not able to pay rent.

    ", + "

    You can only stop accelerated possession if you can prove your landlord has not followed the rules listed above.

    ", + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    If your landlord applies for accelerated possession, the court will send you:

    ", + "
  • a copy of your landlord\u2019s application
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018defence form\u2019
    • ", + "

    Fill in the defence form to challenge the application or write a statement outlining your circumstances.

    ", + "

    If your case is affected by COVID-19, include details. For example, why you lost income and were not able to pay rent.

    ", + "

    You can get help filling in the defence form.

    ", + "

    You must complete and return the defence form or statement to the court within 14 days of receiving it.

    ", + "

    If your landlord applied for possession before 3 August 2020

    ", + "

    If your landlord wants to continue with their claim for possession they must make another application to the court. You will get a copy of your landlord\u2019s application and instructions from the court on how to challenge the application.

    ", + "

    The judge\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    A judge will decide whether to:

    ", + "
  • issue a possession order, giving your landlord the right to evict you and take possession of the property (this is normally the case)
    • ", + "
  • have a court hearing (this usually only happens if the paperwork is not in order or you\u2019ve raised an important issue)
    • ", + "

    Even if there\u2019s a hearing, the court can still decide to issue a possession order.

    ", + "

    If the judge issues a possession order

    ", + "

    If the judge makes a possession order, you\u2019ll normally have 14 or 28 days to leave the property. If this will cause you exceptional hardship, the judge may give you up to 42 days to leave.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave at this point, your landlord can use bailiffs to evict you.

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.

    ", + "

    Eviction court hearings

    ", + "

    If your landlord goes to court to evict you, there will be a \u2018possession hearing\u2019.

    ", + "

    Before the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll know your landlord is taking you to court to evict you because you\u2019ll be sent court papers, including:

    ", + "
  • copies of \u2018claim for possession\u2019 forms
    • ", + "
  • a defence form
    • ", + "
  • a date for your court hearing
    • ", + "

    The defence form is your chance to say why you have rent arrears and if you disagree with what your landlord put on the \u2018claim for possession\u2019 forms. You need to return it within 14 days.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay extra court fees if you do not provide information in the defence form and this results in a delay to your court case.

    ", + "

    If you do not attend your court hearing, it\u2019s very likely the judge will decide you\u2019ll lose your home.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) and court hearings

    ", + "

    The court process is different because of COVID-19.

    ", + "

    Your landlord must tell the court if you and your dependants have been affected by COVID-19. For example, if you have lost income because of COVID-19, which meant you were not able to pay your rent.

    ", + "

    During the hearing

    ", + "

    If you have not received advice before, you can get free legal advice and representation in court on the day of the hearing. This is under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme. Contact your local council or the court where your case is being heard.

    ", + "

    If the scheme is not available in your area, check with the court whether there are other advice services. You can also check if you can get legal aid.

    ", + "

    The charity Shelter has information on what happens at a possession hearing.

    ", + "

    The judge\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    The judge could:

    ", + "
  • dismiss the court case - no order will be made and the hearing is finished
    • ", + "
  • adjourn the hearing - the hearing will be delayed until later, as the judge feels a decision cannot be made on the day
    • ", + "
  • make an \u2018order\u2019 - the judge will make a legal decision on what will happen
    • ", + "

    The judge will dismiss the case if there\u2019s no reason you should be evicted. This might happen if:

    ", + "
  • your landlord has not followed the correct procedure
    • ", + "
  • your landlord or their representative does not attend the hearing
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve paid any rent arrears
    • ", + "

    If the judge dismisses the case, you can stay in your home. If the landlord wants to evict you, they\u2019ll have to restart the court process from the beginning.

    ", + "

    Types of possession order

    ", + "

    There are several different kinds of orders a judge can make.

    ", + "

    Order for possession (or \u2018outright possession order\u2019)

    ", + "

    This means you must leave the property before the date given in the order.

    ", + "

    The date will be either 14 or 28 days after your court hearing. If you\u2019re in an exceptionally difficult situation, you may be able to convince the judge to delay this for up to 6 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave your home by the date given, your landlord can ask the court to evict you by asking for a \u2018warrant for possession\u2019. If the court gives a warrant, you\u2019ll be sent an eviction notice that gives a date when you must leave your home.

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.

    ", + "

    Suspended order for possession

    ", + "

    This means if you make the payments, or obey the conditions, set out in the order, you can stay in your home. If you do not make the payments, your landlord can ask the court to evict you.

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.

    ", + "

    Money order

    ", + "

    This means you have to pay the landlord the amount set out in the order. If you do not make the payments, action could be taken by the courts to recover the money, including:

    ", + "
  • deducting money from your wages or bank account
    • ", + "
  • sending bailiffs to take away things you own
    • ", + "

    If you get into rent arrears after a money order has been made, your landlord can go to court again and ask for a possession order.

    ", + "

    Possession orders with a money judgment

    ", + "

    A judge can add a money judgment to any of the possession orders. This means you owe a specific amount of money, usually made up of:

    ", + "
  • your rent arrears
    • ", + "
  • court fees
    • ", + "
  • your landlord\u2019s legal costs
    • ", + "

    The money judgment will not apply if you pay your arrears and the amount set out in a suspended possession order.

    ", + "

    However, the money judgment will apply if you do not pay the amount set out in the suspended possession order that\u2019s linked to the judgment. If you do not pay, the landlord may ask the court to carry out the instructions in the order and the judgment.

    ", + "

    Eviction notices

    ", + "

    If you do not leave your home by the date given in an outright possession order, your landlord can ask the court for a \u2018warrant of possession\u2019.

    ", + "

    If the court gives a warrant, you\u2019ll be sent an eviction notice that gives a date when you must leave your home. Bailiffs can evict you after this date. The costs of evicting you will be added to the money you owe.

    ", + "

    Changes to evictions in England and Wales because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England.

    ", + "

    In Wales, currently you will not be evicted by bailiffs, unless there is a serious reason. Bailiffs will only enter the property if you:

    ", + "
  • are living there illegally
    • ", + "
  • have been involved in antisocial behaviour
    • ", + "

    Delaying eviction

    ", + "

    You can ask a judge to suspend the warrant at a new hearing. This means they\u2019ll delay the eviction or let you stay in your home if you can make payments again.

    ", + "

    The judge will not automatically agree to suspend the warrant.

    ", + "

    Applying to suspend a warrant

    ", + "

    To apply for a suspension of a warrant, you must fill out an application notice and either send or deliver it to the county court dealing with your case.

    ", + "

    You must tell the court you need a hearing at short notice (before your eviction date). You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of \u00a314, unless you qualify for help.

    ", + "

    Pay the county court:

    ", + "
  • by phone with a debit or credit card
    • ", + "
  • by post with a cheque or postal order made out to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019
    • ", + "
  • in person with cash or a debit or credit card
    • ", + "

    You can find the address and phone number for the county court online.

    ", + "

    Asking the court to change your payments

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change, you can ask a judge at a new hearing to change what you pay. To do this, you must fill out an application notice and either send or deliver it to the county court dealing with your case.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of \u00a3100, unless you qualify for help.

    ", + "

    Pay the county court:

    ", + "
  • in person by cheque, cash, debit or credit card
    • ", + "
  • by post with a cheque made out to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019
    • ", + "

    Appealing against the decision

    ", + "

    You can only appeal if you can show the judge made mistakes in the original possession hearing. You\u2019ll need to ask the judge for permission to appeal at the end of the original hearing.

    ", + "

    If you get permission to appeal, you\u2019ll have to apply for an appeal hearing very soon afterwards. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of up to \u00a3140, unless you qualify for help.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get legal advice.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about becoming homeless, contact your local council for homelessness help and advice.

    ", + "

    Harassment and illegal evictions

    ", + "

    It\u2019s a crime for your landlord to harass you or try to force you out of a property without using proper procedures. If this happens, you may have a right to claim damages through the court.

    ", + "

    What is harassment?

    ", + "

    Harassment can be anything a landlord does, or fails to do, that makes you feel unsafe in the property or forces you to leave.

    ", + "

    Harassment can include:

    ", + "
  • stopping services, like electricity
    • ", + "
  • withholding keys, for example there are 2 tenants in a property but the landlord will only give 1 key
    • ", + "
  • refusing to carry out repairs
    • ", + "
  • anti-social behaviour by a landlord\u2019s agent, for example a friend of the landlord moves in next door and causes problems
    • ", + "
  • threats and physical violence
    • ", + "

    Illegal eviction and tenants\u2019 rights

    ", + "

    Your landlord may be guilty of illegal eviction if you:

    ", + "
  • are not given the notice to leave the property that your landlord must give you
    • ", + "
  • find the locks have been changed
    • ", + "
  • are evicted without a court order
    • ", + "

    Even if your landlord\u2019s property is repossessed by their mortgage lender, the lender must give you notice so you can find other accommodation.

    ", + "

    If you have an assured, assured shorthold or regulated tenancy, they must give you:

    ", + "
  • 3 months to leave the property if you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020
    • ", + "
  • 6 months to leave if you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021
    • ", + "
  • 4 months to leave if you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021
    • ", + "

    In Wales, the notice period must be:

    ", + "
  • at least 6 months if they gave you notice on or after 24 July 2020
    • ", + "
  • at least 3 months if they issued a section 8 notice for antisocial behaviour
    • ", + "

    Citizens Advice has information on repossession by your landlord\u2019s mortgage lender.

    ", + "

    What you can do

    ", + "

    If you think you\u2019re being harassed or threatened with illegal eviction, or the property you rent is being repossessed, talk to your local council.

    ", + "

    It may have someone specialising in tenant harassment issues.

    ", + "

    Local councils can also start legal proceedings if they think there\u2019s enough evidence of harassment or illegal eviction.

    ", + "

    You could also contact a legal adviser, a Citizens Advice office or Shelter\u2019s housing advice helpline.

    ", + "

    Your local area may also have other housing or legal advice organisations - your local council, phonebook or library should have details.

    ", + "

    If physical violence is involved, contact the police.

    ", + "

    For further advice, the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government has a detailed guide for tenants facing harassment and illegal eviction.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/repossession": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repossession", + "title": "Repossession", + "content": "## Get advice\n\nYou may be able to postpone or stop your home being repossessed.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind a solicitor.\n\nYou can also get free advice from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- National Debtline\n\n- Shelter\n\n- your local council\n\nThe law for repossession in Scotland is different.\n\n## Before it goes to court\n\n## What your mortgage lender must do\n\nBefore a mortgage lender can repossess your home, they must:\n\n- tell you how much you owe\n\n- consider a request from you to change the way you pay your mortgage\n\n- respond to any offer of payment you make\n\n- give you reasons for turning down your offer of payment within 10 days\n\n- give you a reasonable amount of time to consider any proposal they make\n\n- give you 15 days\u2019 written warning if they plan to start court action\n\n- tell you the date and time of a repossession hearing\n\n- let your council know within 5 days of getting notification of the date of the court hearing, in case you need to apply to the council as homeless\n\n## Finding a solution\n\nEven if your mortgage lender starts a court action, you may still be able to reach an agreement with them.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to attend court to tell the judge about the agreement, unless the court tells you the hearing\u2019s been cancelled or postponed.\n\n## Defence form\n\nIf your lender starts a repossession action against you, the court will send you a blank defence form and guidance on how to fill it in.\n\nYou can use the form to explain why you think the lender should not repossess your home. You need to return it within 14 days.\n\nThe court will also send you:\n\n- copies of the claim forms for possessing your home, filled in by your lender\n\n- a court hearing date\n\n- the court\u2019s contact details\n\n## Help with legal costs\n\n## Legal aid\n\nIf you\u2019re on a low income you may be able to get legal aid.\n\n## Free legal advice on the day\n\nIf you have not got help before, you can get last-minute legal help under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme.\n\nThe scheme runs in county courts in England and Wales. It provides you with a specialist adviser on the day of your hearing who can:\n\n- represent you\n\n- help you come to an arrangement with your mortgage lender to pay off your debts\n\nTo find out about the scheme in your area, contact your local council or the court where your case is being heard.\n\n## The hearing\n\nRepossession hearings normally take place in a judge\u2019s chambers, not in a court room (although it\u2019s treated as a court).\n\nYou can bring an adviser or friend to the hearing, although they must be an adult.\n\nIf you do not attend the court hearing, it\u2019s likely the judge will give your mortgage lender the right to evict you.\n\nYou must keep to any agreement you make in court to pay off arrears. If you do not, you may still risk losing your home.\n\n## What to bring with you\n\nYou\u2019ll likely be asked for proof of your finances. This can include:\n\n- payslips\n\n- bank statements\n\n- job offers\n\n- letters about benefits\n\n- estate agent letter, for example if you\u2019re trying to sell your home to pay off the mortgage\n\n## Repossession orders\n\nThe lender can only repossess your home if the court grants permission.\n\nThe judge could decide to:\n\n- adjourn (delay) the hearing\n\n- set aside the case, which means no order will be made and the hearing is finished\n\n- make a repossession order\n\n## Outright possession order\n\nThis gives the lender a legal right to own your home on the date given in the order and is sometimes called an \u2018order for possession\u2019. This is usually 28 days after your court hearing.\n\nIf you do not leave your home by the date given in the order, your lender can ask the court to evict you.\n\n## Suspended possession order\n\nThis means that if you make regular payments as set out in the order, you can stay in your home.\n\nIf you do not make the payments, your lender can ask the court to evict you.\n\n## Money order\n\nThis means that you have to pay the lender the amount set out in the order.\n\nIf you do not make these payments:\n\n- money could be deducted from your wages or bank account\n\n- bailiffs may take away things you own\n\nYour lender cannot use a money order to evict you from your home. If you do not make payments set out in a money order on time, your lender could go to court again. As a result, the judge could decide to give them a possession order.\n\n## Possession order with money judgment\n\nA money judgment is usually added to a possession order. It means you owe a specific amount of money usually made up of:\n\n- your mortgage arrears\n\n- court fees\n\n- your lender\u2019s legal costs\n\nA money judgment will not apply if:\n\n- you pay your mortgage arrears and any amount set out in a suspended order\n\n- your lender sells your home and the sale price is more than the amount set out in the money judgment\n\nIf you do not pay the amount set out in the money judgment, the lender may ask the court to carry out the instructions in the possession order and the judgment.\n\n## Time order\n\nThis means that the judge changes the amount you pay on your mortgage for a set time by:\n\n- changing the regular amount you pay\n\n- changing the interest rate on your mortgage\n\n- delaying the next time you have to make a payment\n\nIf you do not make the payments, your lender can ask the court to evict you.\n\nA time order is usually only made on some types of loan like a second mortgage.\n\n## Delaying eviction\n\nYou can ask a judge to \u2018suspend the warrant for possession\u2019. This means delaying the eviction or allowing you to stay in your home if you are able to make payments again.\n\nA new hearing will be held but the judge will not automatically agree to suspend the possession warrant \u2013 it depends what happens in court.\n\nIf you want to get a warrant suspended, get advice immediately.\n\n## Applying for a suspension\n\nIf you want to apply for a suspension, you should fill out the application notice and either send it or deliver it to the court.\n\nYou must tell the court that you need a hearing at short notice (before your eviction date). You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee.\n\nYou may not have to pay the fee (otherwise known as \u2018fee remission\u2019) if you\u2019re on benefits or low pay.\n\n## Appealing a judge's decision\n\nIf you think the judge made mistakes about the law or the facts of your case in the original hearing, you may be able to appeal.\n\nGet legal advice if you want to appeal.\n\nNormally the appeal will be heard by a more senior judge.\n\n## Permission to appeal\n\nYou can ask the judge at the end of your original possession hearing if you can appeal.\n\nIf the judge refuses to give permission to appeal, you can ask a more senior judge.\n\nIf you get permission, make an application as soon as possible after your original possession hearing. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee.\n\nYou may not have to pay the fee if you\u2019re on benefits or low pay.\n\n## What could happen\n\nAt the appeal, the judge can make a number of decisions including:\n\n- keeping the original decision\n\n- dismissing the previous decision or changing it\n\n- ordering a new hearing\n\nThe judge can also decide who pays the legal costs of the appeal.\n\n## If your home is repossessed\n\n## Help from your council\n\nYour local council must give you advice to help you find a new home.\n\nDepending on your circumstances, they may also be able to provide you with emergency accommodation or a more permanent home.\n\n## Buying another property\n\nYou must tell any new mortgage lender that your previous home was repossessed. This could make getting a new mortgage hard.\n\nYour previous lender may be able to claim some of the proceeds of your new home if you still owe them money when you sell it.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Get advice

    ", + "

    You may be able to postpone or stop your home being repossessed.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Find a solicitor.

    ", + "

    You can also get free advice from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • National Debtline
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • ", + "
  • your local council
    • ", + "

    The law for repossession in Scotland is different.

    ", + "

    Before it goes to court

    ", + "

    What your mortgage lender must do

    ", + "

    Before a mortgage lender can repossess your home, they must:

    ", + "
  • tell you how much you owe
    • ", + "
  • consider a request from you to change the way you pay your mortgage
    • ", + "
  • respond to any offer of payment you make
    • ", + "
  • give you reasons for turning down your offer of payment within 10 days
    • ", + "
  • give you a reasonable amount of time to consider any proposal they make
    • ", + "
  • give you 15 days\u2019 written warning if they plan to start court action
    • ", + "
  • tell you the date and time of a repossession hearing
    • ", + "
  • let your council know within 5 days of getting notification of the date of the court hearing, in case you need to apply to the council as homeless
    • ", + "

    Finding a solution

    ", + "

    Even if your mortgage lender starts a court action, you may still be able to reach an agreement with them.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to attend court to tell the judge about the agreement, unless the court tells you the hearing\u2019s been cancelled or postponed.

    ", + "

    Defence form

    ", + "

    If your lender starts a repossession action against you, the court will send you a blank defence form and guidance on how to fill it in.

    ", + "

    You can use the form to explain why you think the lender should not repossess your home. You need to return it within 14 days.

    ", + "

    The court will also send you:

    ", + "
  • copies of the claim forms for possessing your home, filled in by your lender
    • ", + "
  • a court hearing date
    • ", + "
  • the court\u2019s contact details
    • ", + "

    Help with legal costs

    ", + "

    Legal aid

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income you may be able to get legal aid.

    ", + "

    Free legal advice on the day

    ", + "

    If you have not got help before, you can get last-minute legal help under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme.

    ", + "

    The scheme runs in county courts in England and Wales. It provides you with a specialist adviser on the day of your hearing who can:

    ", + "
  • represent you
    • ", + "
  • help you come to an arrangement with your mortgage lender to pay off your debts
    • ", + "

    To find out about the scheme in your area, contact your local council or the court where your case is being heard.

    ", + "

    The hearing

    ", + "

    Repossession hearings normally take place in a judge\u2019s chambers, not in a court room (although it\u2019s treated as a court).

    ", + "

    You can bring an adviser or friend to the hearing, although they must be an adult.

    ", + "

    If you do not attend the court hearing, it\u2019s likely the judge will give your mortgage lender the right to evict you.

    ", + "

    You must keep to any agreement you make in court to pay off arrears. If you do not, you may still risk losing your home.

    ", + "

    What to bring with you

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll likely be asked for proof of your finances. This can include:

    ", + "
  • payslips
    • ", + "
  • bank statements
    • ", + "
  • job offers
    • ", + "
  • letters about benefits
    • ", + "
  • estate agent letter, for example if you\u2019re trying to sell your home to pay off the mortgage
    • ", + "

    Repossession orders

    ", + "

    The lender can only repossess your home if the court grants permission.

    ", + "

    The judge could decide to:

    ", + "
  • adjourn (delay) the hearing
    • ", + "
  • set aside the case, which means no order will be made and the hearing is finished
    • ", + "
  • make a repossession order
    • ", + "

    Outright possession order

    ", + "

    This gives the lender a legal right to own your home on the date given in the order and is sometimes called an \u2018order for possession\u2019. This is usually 28 days after your court hearing.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave your home by the date given in the order, your lender can ask the court to evict you.

    ", + "

    Suspended possession order

    ", + "

    This means that if you make regular payments as set out in the order, you can stay in your home.

    ", + "

    If you do not make the payments, your lender can ask the court to evict you.

    ", + "

    Money order

    ", + "

    This means that you have to pay the lender the amount set out in the order.

    ", + "

    If you do not make these payments:

    ", + "
  • money could be deducted from your wages or bank account
    • ", + "
  • bailiffs may take away things you own
    • ", + "

    Your lender cannot use a money order to evict you from your home. If you do not make payments set out in a money order on time, your lender could go to court again. As a result, the judge could decide to give them a possession order.

    ", + "

    Possession order with money judgment

    ", + "

    A money judgment is usually added to a possession order. It means you owe a specific amount of money usually made up of:

    ", + "
  • your mortgage arrears
    • ", + "
  • court fees
    • ", + "
  • your lender\u2019s legal costs
    • ", + "

    A money judgment will not apply if:

    ", + "
  • you pay your mortgage arrears and any amount set out in a suspended order
    • ", + "
  • your lender sells your home and the sale price is more than the amount set out in the money judgment
    • ", + "

    If you do not pay the amount set out in the money judgment, the lender may ask the court to carry out the instructions in the possession order and the judgment.

    ", + "

    Time order

    ", + "

    This means that the judge changes the amount you pay on your mortgage for a set time by:

    ", + "
  • changing the regular amount you pay
    • ", + "
  • changing the interest rate on your mortgage
    • ", + "
  • delaying the next time you have to make a payment
    • ", + "

    If you do not make the payments, your lender can ask the court to evict you.

    ", + "

    A time order is usually only made on some types of loan like a second mortgage.

    ", + "

    Delaying eviction

    ", + "

    You can ask a judge to \u2018suspend the warrant for possession\u2019. This means delaying the eviction or allowing you to stay in your home if you are able to make payments again.

    ", + "

    A new hearing will be held but the judge will not automatically agree to suspend the possession warrant \u2013 it depends what happens in court.

    ", + "

    If you want to get a warrant suspended, get advice immediately.

    ", + "

    Applying for a suspension

    ", + "

    If you want to apply for a suspension, you should fill out the application notice and either send it or deliver it to the court.

    ", + "

    You must tell the court that you need a hearing at short notice (before your eviction date). You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee.

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay the fee (otherwise known as \u2018fee remission\u2019) if you\u2019re on benefits or low pay.

    ", + "

    Appealing a judge's decision

    ", + "

    If you think the judge made mistakes about the law or the facts of your case in the original hearing, you may be able to appeal.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice if you want to appeal.

    ", + "

    Normally the appeal will be heard by a more senior judge.

    ", + "

    Permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You can ask the judge at the end of your original possession hearing if you can appeal.

    ", + "

    If the judge refuses to give permission to appeal, you can ask a more senior judge.

    ", + "

    If you get permission, make an application as soon as possible after your original possession hearing. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee.

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay the fee if you\u2019re on benefits or low pay.

    ", + "

    What could happen

    ", + "

    At the appeal, the judge can make a number of decisions including:

    ", + "
  • keeping the original decision
    • ", + "
  • dismissing the previous decision or changing it
    • ", + "
  • ordering a new hearing
    • ", + "

    The judge can also decide who pays the legal costs of the appeal.

    ", + "

    If your home is repossessed

    ", + "

    Help from your council

    ", + "

    Your local council must give you advice to help you find a new home.

    ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, they may also be able to provide you with emergency accommodation or a more permanent home.

    ", + "

    Buying another property

    ", + "

    You must tell any new mortgage lender that your previous home was repossessed. This could make getting a new mortgage hard.

    ", + "

    Your previous lender may be able to claim some of the proceeds of your new home if you still owe them money when you sell it.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "title": "Squatting and the law", + "content": "## Overview\n\nSquatting is when someone deliberately enters property without permission and lives there, or intends to live there. This is sometimes known as \u2018adverse possession\u2019.\n\nSquatting in residential buildings (like a house or flat) is illegal. It can lead to 6 months in prison, a \u00a35,000 fine or both.\n\nAnyone who originally enters a property with the permission of the landlord is not a squatter. For example, if you\u2019re renting a property and fall behind with rent payments you\u2019re not squatting if you continue to live there.\n\nAlthough squatting in non-residential building or land is not in itself a crime, it\u2019s a crime to damage the property.\n\nIt\u2019s usually a crime not to leave land or property when you\u2019re instructed to do so by:\n\n- the owner\n\n- the police\n\n- the council\n\n- a repossession order\n\n## Squatting in non-residential properties\n\nA non-residential property is any building or land that is not designed to be lived in.\n\nSimply being on another person\u2019s non-residential property without their permission is not usually a crime. The police can take action if squatters commit other crimes when entering or staying in a property.\n\nCrimes include:\n\n- causing damage when entering the property\n\n- causing damage while in the property\n\n- not leaving when they\u2019re told to by a court\n\n- stealing from the property\n\n- using utilities like electricity or gas without permission\n\n- fly-tipping\n\n- not obeying a noise abatement notice\n\nContact the police if you see someone breaking into or damaging property.\n\n## Squatters' rights to property\n\nA long-term squatter can become the registered owner of property or land they\u2019ve occupied without the owner\u2019s permission.\n\nGet legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if you\u2019re a squatter in a property and want to claim ownership.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply if you can prove:\n\n- you, or a succession of squatters, have occupied the property continuously for 10 years (12 years if it\u2019s not registered with HM Land Registry)\n\n- you (or your predecessors) acted as owners of the property for the whole of that time\n\n- you (or any of your predecessors) did not have the owner\u2019s permission, for example the property was not originally rented to a squatter\n\n## If the property\u2019s registered\n\nFill in a form for adverse possession.\n\nComplete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.\n\nSend your form and statement to the HM Land Registry Citizen Centre.\n\nHM Land Registry will decide if your application is valid and will let the property owner know. The owner has 65 days to object - your application will usually be automatically rejected if they do.\n\nYou\u2019ll be registered as the owner of the property if there\u2019s no objection.\n\nYou can apply again after 2 years if:\n\n- the owner has not tried to remove you\n\n- the property has not been reclaimed\n\n- you\u2019re still in possession of the property\n\nHM Land Registry will usually then register you as the owner.\n\n## If the property\u2019s unregistered\n\nComplete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.\n\nApply for first registration - include your statement with your application.\n\nHM Land Registry will:\n\n- inspect the property - you must pay a fee for this\n\n- decide if your application is valid\n\n- let the property owner know, if they have their details\n\nYou can try to come to an agreement with the owners if they object. HM Land Registry will arrange a tribunal to decide who owns the property if you cannot agree or do not want to.\n\nYou may have to pay the costs of the owner, such as their reasonable legal fees, no matter what the outcome.\n\n## Stop squatters legally possessing property\n\nHM Land Registry will tell you if squatters apply for legal ownership of your property if it\u2019s registered - you must take action if you want to keep it.\n\nGet legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if squatters try to claim your property.\n\nHow you block an application depends on whether your property is registered with HM Land Registry or not.\n\n## Registered properties\n\nYou\u2019ve 65 days to object to an application - HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.\n\nHM Land Registry will reject the squatters\u2019 application if you\u2019ve got a valid objection.\n\nYou must take action to remove the squatters and reclaim your property once the squatters\u2019 claim is rejected.\n\nYou will not be able to object again if you\u2019ve done nothing within 2 years of the original application and the same squatters reapply.\n\n## Unregistered properties\n\nYou can object to a squatter\u2019s application. HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.\n\nHM Land Registry may not be able to contact you if your property is not registered.\n\nHM Land Registry will decide if your objection is valid - if it is they\u2019ll ask if you want to negotiate with the squatters, for example offer to sell them the property. You\u2019ll be given time to do so.\n\nA tribunal will decide who owns the property if you cannot agree - HM Land Registry will arrange this.\n\n## Remove squatters\n\nYou can remove squatters using an interim possession order (IPO) or making a claim for possession.\n\nDo not try to remove the squatters yourself using force or the threat of force - you\u2019re committing a crime if you do.\n\nGet legal advice from a solicitor if you need help making a claim for possession.\n\n## Interim possession orders\n\nYou can only apply for an IPO if it\u2019s been 28 days or less since you found out your property\u2019s been squatted.\n\nFill in an application for an IPO and send it to your local county court.\n\nThe court will send you confirmation of your IPO within a few days. They will also send you documents that you must give to the squatters within 48 hours.\n\nAfter being served with an IPO squatters can be sent to prison if they do not:\n\n- leave your property within 24 hours\n\n- stay away from your property for 12 months\n\nTo get final possession of the property, you must make a claim for possession. You can do this on your IPO application form or separately online.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use an IPO if:\n\n- you\u2019re also making a claim for damages caused by the squatters - instead you should make an ordinary claim for possession\n\n- you\u2019re trying to evict former tenants, sub-tenants or licensees\n\n## Claim for possession\n\nMake a claim for possession if it\u2019s been more than 28 days since you found out about the squatters.\n\n## Where to get help\n\nYou may be classed as homeless if you\u2019re squatting. Get advice from Shelter or Shelter in Wales.\n\nYou can also contact your council for help.\n\n## Report squatters\n\nCall the police if you:\n\n- find people squatting in a residential property you own\n\n- see someone breaking into anywhere\n\n- think someone is squatting", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Squatting is when someone deliberately enters property without permission and lives there, or intends to live there. This is sometimes known as \u2018adverse possession\u2019.

    ", + "

    Squatting in residential buildings (like a house or flat) is illegal. It can lead to 6 months in prison, a \u00a35,000 fine or both.

    ", + "

    Anyone who originally enters a property with the permission of the landlord is not a squatter. For example, if you\u2019re renting a property and fall behind with rent payments you\u2019re not squatting if you continue to live there.

    ", + "

    Although squatting in non-residential building or land is not in itself a crime, it\u2019s a crime to damage the property.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s usually a crime not to leave land or property when you\u2019re instructed to do so by:

    ", + "
  • the owner
    • ", + "
  • the police
    • ", + "
  • the council
    • ", + "
  • a repossession order
    • ", + "

    Squatting in non-residential properties

    ", + "

    A non-residential property is any building or land that is not designed to be lived in.

    ", + "

    Simply being on another person\u2019s non-residential property without their permission is not usually a crime. The police can take action if squatters commit other crimes when entering or staying in a property.

    ", + "

    Crimes include:

    ", + "
  • causing damage when entering the property
    • ", + "
  • causing damage while in the property
    • ", + "
  • not leaving when they\u2019re told to by a court
    • ", + "
  • stealing from the property
    • ", + "
  • using utilities like electricity or gas without permission
    • ", + "
  • fly-tipping
    • ", + "
  • not obeying a noise abatement notice
    • ", + "

    Contact the police if you see someone breaking into or damaging property.

    ", + "

    Squatters' rights to property

    ", + "

    A long-term squatter can become the registered owner of property or land they\u2019ve occupied without the owner\u2019s permission.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if you\u2019re a squatter in a property and want to claim ownership.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply if you can prove:

    ", + "
  • you, or a succession of squatters, have occupied the property continuously for 10 years (12 years if it\u2019s not registered with HM Land Registry)
    • ", + "
  • you (or your predecessors) acted as owners of the property for the whole of that time
    • ", + "
  • you (or any of your predecessors) did not have the owner\u2019s permission, for example the property was not originally rented to a squatter
    • ", + "

    If the property\u2019s registered

    ", + "

    Fill in a form for adverse possession.

    ", + "

    Complete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.

    ", + "

    Send your form and statement to the HM Land Registry Citizen Centre.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will decide if your application is valid and will let the property owner know. The owner has 65 days to object - your application will usually be automatically rejected if they do.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be registered as the owner of the property if there\u2019s no objection.

    ", + "

    You can apply again after 2 years if:

    ", + "
  • the owner has not tried to remove you
    • ", + "
  • the property has not been reclaimed
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still in possession of the property
    • ", + "

    HM Land Registry will usually then register you as the owner.

    ", + "

    If the property\u2019s unregistered

    ", + "

    Complete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.

    ", + "

    Apply for first registration - include your statement with your application.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will:

    ", + "
  • inspect the property - you must pay a fee for this
    • ", + "
  • decide if your application is valid
    • ", + "
  • let the property owner know, if they have their details
    • ", + "

    You can try to come to an agreement with the owners if they object. HM Land Registry will arrange a tribunal to decide who owns the property if you cannot agree or do not want to.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay the costs of the owner, such as their reasonable legal fees, no matter what the outcome.

    ", + "

    Stop squatters legally possessing property

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will tell you if squatters apply for legal ownership of your property if it\u2019s registered - you must take action if you want to keep it.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if squatters try to claim your property.

    ", + "

    How you block an application depends on whether your property is registered with HM Land Registry or not.

    ", + "

    Registered properties

    ", + "

    You\u2019ve 65 days to object to an application - HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will reject the squatters\u2019 application if you\u2019ve got a valid objection.

    ", + "

    You must take action to remove the squatters and reclaim your property once the squatters\u2019 claim is rejected.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to object again if you\u2019ve done nothing within 2 years of the original application and the same squatters reapply.

    ", + "

    Unregistered properties

    ", + "

    You can object to a squatter\u2019s application. HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry may not be able to contact you if your property is not registered.

    ", + "

    HM Land Registry will decide if your objection is valid - if it is they\u2019ll ask if you want to negotiate with the squatters, for example offer to sell them the property. You\u2019ll be given time to do so.

    ", + "

    A tribunal will decide who owns the property if you cannot agree - HM Land Registry will arrange this.

    ", + "

    Remove squatters

    ", + "

    You can remove squatters using an interim possession order (IPO) or making a claim for possession.

    ", + "

    Do not try to remove the squatters yourself using force or the threat of force - you\u2019re committing a crime if you do.

    ", + "

    Get legal advice from a solicitor if you need help making a claim for possession.

    ", + "

    Interim possession orders

    ", + "

    You can only apply for an IPO if it\u2019s been 28 days or less since you found out your property\u2019s been squatted.

    ", + "

    Fill in an application for an IPO and send it to your local county court.

    ", + "

    The court will send you confirmation of your IPO within a few days. They will also send you documents that you must give to the squatters within 48 hours.

    ", + "

    After being served with an IPO squatters can be sent to prison if they do not:

    ", + "
  • leave your property within 24 hours
    • ", + "
  • stay away from your property for 12 months
    • ", + "

    To get final possession of the property, you must make a claim for possession. You can do this on your IPO application form or separately online.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You cannot use an IPO if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re also making a claim for damages caused by the squatters - instead you should make an ordinary claim for possession
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re trying to evict former tenants, sub-tenants or licensees
    • ", + "

    Claim for possession

    ", + "

    Make a claim for possession if it\u2019s been more than 28 days since you found out about the squatters.

    ", + "

    Where to get help

    ", + "

    You may be classed as homeless if you\u2019re squatting. Get advice from Shelter or Shelter in Wales.

    ", + "

    You can also contact your council for help.

    ", + "

    Report squatters

    ", + "

    Call the police if you:

    ", + "
  • find people squatting in a residential property you own
    • ", + "
  • see someone breaking into anywhere
    • ", + "
  • think someone is squatting
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane", + "title": "Noise from roads, trains or planes", + "content": "## Vehicle noise limits\n\nThere are limits to the amount of noise that vehicles can make on public roads. This applies to all types of vehicles.\n\nIn general, larger vehicles with bigger engines are able to make more noise.\n\n## Noise limits on tyres\n\nThere are noise limits on tyres and since November 2012 all new tyres are graded and labelled to show how noisy they are.\n\n## Modified exhaust systems\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to modify the exhaust system to make a vehicle noisier after it has been \u2018type approved\u2019 (checked it meets environmental and safety standards).\n\nThe police can also take action if your vehicle\u2019s silencer doesn\u2019t work in the way it was designed or if you\u2019re driving in a way that creates too much noise.\n\n## Noise from roads\n\nThere\u2019s no legal limit to road noise, although noise levels might be taken into account when new roads or houses and offices near roads are planned.\n\n## Planned new roads\n\nWhen planning a new road local highway authorities assess how the noise at your property will change when the road opens.\n\nIf noise from a new road exceeds certain levels at your home you might be able to get sound insulation.\n\nContact your highway authority to apply, or if you\u2019re worried about the noise from a planned road scheme - get their details from your local council.\n\n## Compulsory purchase and road noise\n\nWhen a new road is built, it often involves the \u2018compulsory purchase\u2019 of land to make way for the road.\n\nYou might be able to get compensation if a compulsory purchase means you become affected by road noise. Find out more in the guide \u2018Your property and compulsory purchase\u2019.\n\n## After roads open to traffic\n\nYou can apply for compensation if your property value goes down because of road noise from the use of a new or altered road.\n\n## Railway noise\n\nThere are no legal limits to noise from existing railways.\n\nIf you think that noise levels are affecting your health contact your local council who will investigate on your behalf.\n\nIf noise from a new railway affects your property you might be able to get sound insulation for your home. Contact the relevant rail authority - ask your local council for their details.\n\nIf particular trains are causing you a problem, speak to the company running those trains.\n\nFind information on train operators on the National Rail website or call Network Rail.\n\n## Aircraft noise\n\nNoise is regulated to some extent at all UK airports. This can include noise limits and restrictions on night flights.\n\nAircraft paths are generally designed to fly over the least populated areas.\n\nSome airports operate grant schemes to install sound insulation in affected homes. Contact the airport that affects you to find out if they run one.\n\nThe Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) has more information on aircraft noise and emissions.\n\n## Complaining about aircraft noise\n\nTo complain about noise or aircraft activities in general, get in touch with the relevant airport.\n\n## Military aircraft\n\nMilitary aircraft are covered by different rules. You can complain about military aircraft noise or low flying military aircraft.\n\n## Further information\n\nThere are strategic noise maps for England provided by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).\n\nThese estimate noise from:\n\n- major roads - those with more than 6 million vehicle passages annually\n\n- major railways - those with more than 60,000 train passages annually\n\n- major airports - those with more than 50,000 aircraft movements annually (except for training on light aircraft)\n\nThey also estimate noise in urban areas (with populations greater than 250,000 and a certain population density).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Vehicle noise limits

    ", + "

    There are limits to the amount of noise that vehicles can make on public roads. This applies to all types of vehicles.

    ", + "

    In general, larger vehicles with bigger engines are able to make more noise.

    ", + "

    Noise limits on tyres

    ", + "

    There are noise limits on tyres and since November 2012 all new tyres are graded and labelled to show how noisy they are.

    ", + "

    Modified exhaust systems

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to modify the exhaust system to make a vehicle noisier after it has been \u2018type approved\u2019 (checked it meets environmental and safety standards).

    ", + "

    The police can also take action if your vehicle\u2019s silencer doesn\u2019t work in the way it was designed or if you\u2019re driving in a way that creates too much noise.

    ", + "

    Noise from roads

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no legal limit to road noise, although noise levels might be taken into account when new roads or houses and offices near roads are planned.

    ", + "

    Planned new roads

    ", + "

    When planning a new road local highway authorities assess how the noise at your property will change when the road opens.

    ", + "

    If noise from a new road exceeds certain levels at your home you might be able to get sound insulation.

    ", + "

    Contact your highway authority to apply, or if you\u2019re worried about the noise from a planned road scheme - get their details from your local council.

    ", + "

    Compulsory purchase and road noise

    ", + "

    When a new road is built, it often involves the \u2018compulsory purchase\u2019 of land to make way for the road.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get compensation if a compulsory purchase means you become affected by road noise. Find out more in the guide \u2018Your property and compulsory purchase\u2019.

    ", + "

    After roads open to traffic

    ", + "

    You can apply for compensation if your property value goes down because of road noise from the use of a new or altered road.

    ", + "

    Railway noise

    ", + "

    There are no legal limits to noise from existing railways.

    ", + "

    If you think that noise levels are affecting your health contact your local council who will investigate on your behalf.

    ", + "

    If noise from a new railway affects your property you might be able to get sound insulation for your home. Contact the relevant rail authority - ask your local council for their details.

    ", + "

    If particular trains are causing you a problem, speak to the company running those trains.

    ", + "

    Find information on train operators on the National Rail website or call Network Rail.

    ", + "

    Aircraft noise

    ", + "

    Noise is regulated to some extent at all UK airports. This can include noise limits and restrictions on night flights.

    ", + "

    Aircraft paths are generally designed to fly over the least populated areas.

    ", + "

    Some airports operate grant schemes to install sound insulation in affected homes. Contact the airport that affects you to find out if they run one.

    ", + "

    The Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) has more information on aircraft noise and emissions.

    ", + "

    Complaining about aircraft noise

    ", + "

    To complain about noise or aircraft activities in general, get in touch with the relevant airport.

    ", + "

    Military aircraft

    ", + "

    Military aircraft are covered by different rules. You can complain about military aircraft noise or low flying military aircraft.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    There are strategic noise maps for England provided by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).

    ", + "

    These estimate noise from:

    ", + "
  • major roads - those with more than 6 million vehicle passages annually
    • ", + "
  • major railways - those with more than 60,000 train passages annually
    • ", + "
  • major airports - those with more than 50,000 aircraft movements annually (except for training on light aircraft)
    • ", + "

    They also estimate noise in urban areas (with populations greater than 250,000 and a certain population density).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax", + "title": "Capital Gains Tax", + "content": "## Overview\n\nCapital Gains Tax is a tax on the profit when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) something (an \u2018asset\u2019) that\u2019s increased in value.\n\nIt\u2019s the gain you make that\u2019s taxed, not the amount of money you receive.\n\nSome assets are tax-free. You also do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax if all your gains in a year are under your tax-free allowance.\n\n## Disposing of an asset\n\nDisposing of an asset includes:\n\n- selling it\n\n- giving it away as a gift, or transferring it to someone else\n\n- swapping it for something else\n\n- getting compensation for it - like an insurance payout if it\u2019s been lost or destroyed\n\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax on the gain when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019):\n\n- most personal possessions worth \u00a36,000 or more, apart from your car\n\n- property that\u2019s not your main home\n\n- your main home if you\u2019ve let it out, used it for business or it\u2019s very large\n\n- shares that are not in an ISA or PEP\n\n- business assets\n\nThese are known as \u2018chargeable assets\u2019.\n\nIf you sell or give away cryptoassets (like cryptocurrency or bitcoin) you should check if you have to pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nDepending on the asset, you may be able to reduce any tax you pay by claiming a relief.\n\nIf you dispose of an asset you jointly own with someone else, you have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your share of the gain.\n\n## When you do not pay it\n\nYou only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your total gains above an annual tax-free allowance.\n\nYou do not usually pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\n## What you do not pay it on\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax on certain assets, including any gains you make from:\n\n- ISAs or PEPs\n\n- UK government gilts and Premium Bonds\n\n- betting, lottery or pools winnings\n\n## When someone dies\n\nWhen you inherit an asset, Inheritance Tax is usually paid by the estate of the person who\u2019s died. You only have to work out if you need to pay Capital Gains Tax if you later dispose of the asset.\n\n## Overseas assets\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax even if your asset is overseas.\n\nThere are special rules if you\u2019re a UK resident but not \u2018domiciled\u2019 and claim the \u2018remittance basis\u2019.\n\n## If you\u2019re abroad\n\nYou have to pay tax on gains you make on property and land in the UK even if you\u2019re non-resident for tax purposes. You do not pay Capital Gains Tax on other UK assets, for example shares in UK companies, unless you return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax allowances\n\nYou only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your overall gains above your tax-free allowance (called the Annual Exempt Amount).\n\nThe Capital Gains tax-free allowance is:\n\n- \u00a312,300\n\n- \u00a36,150 for trusts\n\nYou can see tax-free allowances for previous years.\n\nYou may also be able to reduce your tax bill by deducting losses or claiming reliefs - this depends on the asset.\n\n## Gifts to your spouse or charity\n\nThere are special rules for Capital Gains Tax on gifts or assets you dispose of to:\n\n- your spouse or civil partner\n\n- charity\n\nThe normal rules apply for gifts to others.\n\n## Your spouse or civil partner\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your husband, wife or civil partner, unless:\n\n- you separated and did not live together at all in that tax year\n\n- you gave them goods for their business to sell on\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If they later sell the asset\n\nYour spouse or civil partner may have to pay tax on any gain if they later dispose of the asset.\n\nTheir gain will be calculated on the difference in value between when you first owned the asset and when they disposed of it.\n\nIf this was before April 1982, your spouse or civil partner should work out their gain using the market value on 31 March 1982 instead.\n\nThey should keep a record of what you paid for the asset.\n\n## Gifts to charity\n\nYou do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give away to charity.\n\nYou may have to pay if you sell an asset to charity for both:\n\n- more than you paid for it\n\n- less than market value\n\nWork out your gain using the amount the charity actually pays you, rather than the value of the asset.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nYou need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell an asset if your total taxable gains are above your annual Capital Gains Tax allowance.\n\n## Work out your total taxable gains\n\n- Work out the gain for each asset (or your share of an asset if it\u2019s jointly owned). Do this for the personal possessions, shares, property or business assets you\u2019ve disposed of in the tax year.\n\n- Add together the gains from each asset.\n\n- Deduct any allowable losses.\n\nThe tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax if your taxable gains are above your allowance.\n\n## If your total gains are less than the tax-free allowance\n\nYou do not have to pay tax if your total taxable gains are under your Capital Gains Tax allowance.\n\nYou still need to report your gains in your tax return if both of the following apply:\n\n- the total amount you sold the assets for was more than 4 times your allowance\n\n- you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment\n\nThere are different rules for reporting a loss.\n\n## If you\u2019re non-resident\n\nYou need to tell HMRC when you sell property or land even if your gain is below the tax-free allowance or you make a loss. Non-residents do not pay tax on other capital gains.\n\n## Report and pay Capital Gains Tax\n\nHow and when you report Capital Gains Tax over your annual allowance depends on what you made the gain on.\n\nThere are different ways to report and pay Capital Gains Tax due on:\n\n- UK residential property sold since 6 April 2020\n\n- any other gains\n\nTo report any capital gains you\u2019ll need:\n\n- calculations for each capital gain or loss you report\n\n- details of how much you bought and sold the asset for\n\n- the dates when you took ownership and disposed of the asset\n\n- any other relevant details, such as the costs of disposing of the asset and any tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to\n\n## If you sold property in the UK on or after 6 April 2020\n\nYou must report and pay any tax due on UK residential property using a Capital Gains Tax on UK property account within 30 days of selling it.\n\nYou may have to pay interest and a penalty if you do not report gains on UK property within 30 days of selling it.\n\nSign in or create a Capital Gains Tax on UK property account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password to set your account up or sign in. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one the first time you sign in.\n\nOnce you have an account you can sign in at any time to report Capital Gains Tax on UK property or see any returns you\u2019ve already sent.\n\n## If you\u2019re not resident in the UK\n\nYou must report sales of UK property as a non-resident within 30 days, even if you have no tax to pay.\n\n## If you\u2019re reporting on behalf of someone else or a trust\n\nYou need to use your own Capital Gains Tax on UK property account to report on behalf of someone else.\n\nYou\u2019ll need proof you\u2019re allowed to report on their behalf, such as a lasting power of attorney. If the person has died, you\u2019ll need to give their date of death.\n\nIf you\u2019re reporting as a trustee of a registered trust, you\u2019ll need the trust\u2019s registration number or unique tax reference.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to report your client\u2019s Capital Gains Tax on UK property as an agent.\n\n## If you have other capital gains to report\n\nIf your gain is not from residential property sold in the UK since 6 April 2020, you have a choice of how and when to report the tax.\n\n## Report and pay the tax straightaway\n\nYou can use the \u2018real time\u2019 Capital Gains Tax service immediately if you know what you owe.\n\nYou need to report your gain by 31 December in the tax year after you made the gain. For example, if you made a gain in the 2020 to 2021 tax year, you need to report it by 31 December 2021.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you report and pay.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve reported your gains, HMRC will send you a letter or email giving you a payment reference number and telling you how to pay.\n\nIf you need to change your report using the service, you\u2019ll need your report reference number starting with \u2018RTT\u2019. You\u2019ll get it by email within 10 days.\n\n## Report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the following tax year\n\nYou can report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the tax year after you disposed of assets.\n\nDo not wait until the next tax year to report gains on UK residential property sold since 6 April 2020. You may have to pay interest and a penalty if you do.\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, register for Self Assessment after the tax year you disposed of your chargeable assets.\n\nYou can get help with your tax return from an accountant or tax adviser.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve sent your return HMRC will tell you how much you owe in Capital Gains Tax, how to pay and when to pay by.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax rates\n\nYou pay a different rate of tax on gains from residential property than you do on other assets.\n\nYou do not usually pay tax when you sell your home.\n\n## If you pay higher rate Income Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re a higher or additional rate taxpayer you\u2019ll pay:\n\n- 28% on your gains from residential property\n\n- 20% on your gains from other chargeable assets\n\n## If you pay basic rate Income Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer, the rate you pay depends on the size of your gain, your taxable income and whether your gain is from residential property or other assets.\n\n- Work out how much taxable income you have - this is your income minus your Personal Allowance and any other Income Tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to.\n\n- Work out your total taxable gains.\n\n- Deduct your tax-free allowance from your total taxable gains.\n\n- Add this amount to your taxable income.\n\n- If this amount is within the basic Income Tax band you\u2019ll pay 10% on your gains (or 18% on residential property). You\u2019ll pay 20% (or 28% on residential property) on any amount above the basic tax rate.\n\n## If you have gains from both residential property and other assets\n\nYou can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).\n\n## If you\u2019re a trustee or business\n\nTrustees or personal representatives of someone who\u2019s died pay:\n\n- 28% on residential property\n\n- 20% on other chargeable assets\n\nYou\u2019ll pay 10% if you\u2019re a sole trader or partnership and your gains qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\n## If you make a loss\n\nYou can report losses on a chargeable asset to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to reduce your total taxable gains.\n\nLosses used in this way are called \u2018allowable losses\u2019.\n\n## Using losses to reduce your gain\n\nWhen you report a loss, the amount is deducted from the gains you made in the same tax year.\n\nIf your total taxable gain is still above the tax-free allowance, you can deduct unused losses from previous tax years. If they reduce your gain to the tax-free allowance, you can carry forward the remaining losses to a future tax year.\n\n## Reporting losses\n\nClaim for your loss by including it on your tax return. If you\u2019ve never made a gain and are not registered for Self Assessment, you can write to HMRC instead.\n\nYou do not have to report losses straight away - you can claim up to 4 years after the end of the tax year that you disposed of the asset.\n\nThere\u2019s an exception for losses made before 5 April 1996, which you can still claim for. You must deduct these after any more recent losses.\n\n## Losses when disposing of assets to family and others\n\n## Your husband, wife or civil partner\n\nYou usually do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your spouse or civil partner. You cannot claim losses against these assets.\n\n## Other family members and \u2018connected people\u2019\n\nYou cannot deduct a loss from giving, selling or disposing of an asset to a family member unless you\u2019re offsetting a gain from the same person.\n\nThis also applies to \u2018connected people\u2019 like business partners.\n\n## Connected people\n\nHMRC defines connected people as including:\n\n- your brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, children and grandchildren, and their husbands, wives or civil partners\n\n- the brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, children and grandchildren of your husband, wife or civil partner - and their husbands, wives or civil partners\n\n- business partners\n\n- a company you control\n\n- trustees where you\u2019re the \u2018settlor\u2019 (or someone connected to you is)\n\n## Claiming for an asset that\u2019s lost its value\n\nYou can claim losses on assets that you still own if they become worthless or of \u2018negligible value\u2019.\n\nHMRC has guidance on how to make a negligible value claim.\n\n## Special rules\n\nHMRC has guidance on the special rules for losses:\n\n- when someone dies\n\n- if you\u2019re non-resident and sell UK property or land\n\n- if you\u2019ve temporarily lived abroad as a \u2018non-resident\u2019\n\n- from your income on shares that are unquoted or in the Enterprise Investment Scheme\n\n- on overseas assets if you\u2019re \u2018non-domiciled\u2019 in the UK and have claimed the \u2018remittance basis\u2019\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou need to collect records to work out your gains and fill in your tax return. You must keep them for at least a year after the Self Assessment deadline.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep records for longer if you sent your tax return late or HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) have started a check into your return.\n\nBusinesses must keep records for 5 years after the deadline.\n\n## Records you\u2019ll need\n\nKeep receipts, bills and invoices that show the date and the amount:\n\n- you paid for an asset\n\n- of any additional costs like fees for professional advice, Stamp Duty, improvement costs, or to establish the market value\n\n- you received for the asset - including things like payments you get later in instalments, or compensation if the asset was damaged\n\nAlso keep any contracts for buying and selling the asset (for example from solicitors or stockbrokers) and copies of any valuations.\n\n## If you do not have records\n\nYou must try to recreate your records if you cannot replace them after they\u2019ve been lost, stolen or destroyed.\n\nIf you fill in your tax return using recreated records, you\u2019ll need to show where figures are:\n\n- estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final\n\n- provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with the actual figures\n\n## Market value\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your asset and what you sold it for.\n\nThere are some situations where you use the market value instead.\n\n| Situation | Use market value at |\n\n| Gifts | Date of gift |\n\n| Assets sold for less than they were worth to help the buyer | Date of sale |\n\n| Inherited assets where you do not know the Inheritance Tax value | Date of death |\n\n| Assets owned before April 1982 | 31 March 1982 |\n\n## Checking the market value\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can check your valuation.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve disposed of the asset, complete a \u2018Post-transaction valuation check\u2019 form. Return it to the address on the form - allow at least 3 months for HMRC\u2019s response.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax is a tax on the profit when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) something (an \u2018asset\u2019) that\u2019s increased in value.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s the gain you make that\u2019s taxed, not the amount of money you receive.

    ", + "

    Some assets are tax-free. You also do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax if all your gains in a year are under your tax-free allowance.

    ", + "

    Disposing of an asset

    ", + "

    Disposing of an asset includes:

    ", + "
  • selling it
    • ", + "
  • giving it away as a gift, or transferring it to someone else
    • ", + "
  • swapping it for something else
    • ", + "
  • getting compensation for it - like an insurance payout if it\u2019s been lost or destroyed
    • ", + "

    What you pay it on

    ", + "

    You pay Capital Gains Tax on the gain when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019):

    ", + "
  • most personal possessions worth \u00a36,000 or more, apart from your car
    • ", + "
  • property that\u2019s not your main home
    • ", + "
  • your main home if you\u2019ve let it out, used it for business or it\u2019s very large
    • ", + "
  • shares that are not in an ISA or PEP
    • ", + "
  • business assets
    • ", + "

    These are known as \u2018chargeable assets\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you sell or give away cryptoassets (like cryptocurrency or bitcoin) you should check if you have to pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    Depending on the asset, you may be able to reduce any tax you pay by claiming a relief.

    ", + "

    If you dispose of an asset you jointly own with someone else, you have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your share of the gain.

    ", + "

    When you do not pay it

    ", + "

    You only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your total gains above an annual tax-free allowance.

    ", + "

    You do not usually pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.

    ", + "

    What you do not pay it on

    ", + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax on certain assets, including any gains you make from:

    ", + "
  • ISAs or PEPs
    • ", + "
  • UK government gilts and Premium Bonds
    • ", + "
  • betting, lottery or pools winnings
    • ", + "

    When someone dies

    ", + "

    When you inherit an asset, Inheritance Tax is usually paid by the estate of the person who\u2019s died. You only have to work out if you need to pay Capital Gains Tax if you later dispose of the asset.

    ", + "

    Overseas assets

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax even if your asset is overseas.

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you\u2019re a UK resident but not \u2018domiciled\u2019 and claim the \u2018remittance basis\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re abroad

    ", + "

    You have to pay tax on gains you make on property and land in the UK even if you\u2019re non-resident for tax purposes. You do not pay Capital Gains Tax on other UK assets, for example shares in UK companies, unless you return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax allowances

    ", + "

    You only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your overall gains above your tax-free allowance (called the Annual Exempt Amount).

    ", + "

    The Capital Gains tax-free allowance is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a312,300
    • ", + "
  • \u00a36,150 for trusts
    • ", + "

    You can see tax-free allowances for previous years.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to reduce your tax bill by deducting losses or claiming reliefs - this depends on the asset.

    ", + "

    Gifts to your spouse or charity

    ", + "

    There are special rules for Capital Gains Tax on gifts or assets you dispose of to:

    ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • charity
    • ", + "

    The normal rules apply for gifts to others.

    ", + "

    Your spouse or civil partner

    ", + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your husband, wife or civil partner, unless:

    ", + "
  • you separated and did not live together at all in that tax year
    • ", + "
  • you gave them goods for their business to sell on
    • ", + "

    The tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.

    ", + "

    If they later sell the asset

    ", + "

    Your spouse or civil partner may have to pay tax on any gain if they later dispose of the asset.

    ", + "

    Their gain will be calculated on the difference in value between when you first owned the asset and when they disposed of it.

    ", + "

    If this was before April 1982, your spouse or civil partner should work out their gain using the market value on 31 March 1982 instead.

    ", + "

    They should keep a record of what you paid for the asset.

    ", + "

    Gifts to charity

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give away to charity.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay if you sell an asset to charity for both:

    ", + "
  • more than you paid for it
    • ", + "
  • less than market value
    • ", + "

    Work out your gain using the amount the charity actually pays you, rather than the value of the asset.

    ", + "

    Work out if you need to pay

    ", + "

    You need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell an asset if your total taxable gains are above your annual Capital Gains Tax allowance.

    ", + "

    Work out your total taxable gains

    ", + "
  • Work out the gain for each asset (or your share of an asset if it\u2019s jointly owned). Do this for the personal possessions, shares, property or business assets you\u2019ve disposed of in the tax year.
    • ", + "
  • Add together the gains from each asset.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct any allowable losses.
    • ", + "

    The tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April the following year.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax if your taxable gains are above your allowance.

    ", + "

    If your total gains are less than the tax-free allowance

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay tax if your total taxable gains are under your Capital Gains Tax allowance.

    ", + "

    You still need to report your gains in your tax return if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the total amount you sold the assets for was more than 4 times your allowance
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment
    • ", + "

    There are different rules for reporting a loss.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re non-resident

    ", + "

    You need to tell HMRC when you sell property or land even if your gain is below the tax-free allowance or you make a loss. Non-residents do not pay tax on other capital gains.

    ", + "

    Report and pay Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    How and when you report Capital Gains Tax over your annual allowance depends on what you made the gain on.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to report and pay Capital Gains Tax due on:

    ", + "
  • UK residential property sold since 6 April 2020
    • ", + "
  • any other gains
    • ", + "

    To report any capital gains you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • calculations for each capital gain or loss you report
    • ", + "
  • details of how much you bought and sold the asset for
    • ", + "
  • the dates when you took ownership and disposed of the asset
    • ", + "
  • any other relevant details, such as the costs of disposing of the asset and any tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to
    • ", + "

    If you sold property in the UK on or after 6 April 2020

    ", + "

    You must report and pay any tax due on UK residential property using a Capital Gains Tax on UK property account within 30 days of selling it.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay interest and a penalty if you do not report gains on UK property within 30 days of selling it.

    ", + "

    Sign in or create a Capital Gains Tax on UK property account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password to set your account up or sign in. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one the first time you sign in.

    ", + "

    Once you have an account you can sign in at any time to report Capital Gains Tax on UK property or see any returns you\u2019ve already sent.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not resident in the UK

    ", + "

    You must report sales of UK property as a non-resident within 30 days, even if you have no tax to pay.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re reporting on behalf of someone else or a trust

    ", + "

    You need to use your own Capital Gains Tax on UK property account to report on behalf of someone else.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need proof you\u2019re allowed to report on their behalf, such as a lasting power of attorney. If the person has died, you\u2019ll need to give their date of death.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re reporting as a trustee of a registered trust, you\u2019ll need the trust\u2019s registration number or unique tax reference.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to report your client\u2019s Capital Gains Tax on UK property as an agent.

    ", + "

    If you have other capital gains to report

    ", + "

    If your gain is not from residential property sold in the UK since 6 April 2020, you have a choice of how and when to report the tax.

    ", + "

    Report and pay the tax straightaway

    ", + "

    You can use the \u2018real time\u2019 Capital Gains Tax service immediately if you know what you owe.

    ", + "

    You need to report your gain by 31 December in the tax year after you made the gain. For example, if you made a gain in the 2020 to 2021 tax year, you need to report it by 31 December 2021.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you report and pay.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve reported your gains, HMRC will send you a letter or email giving you a payment reference number and telling you how to pay.

    ", + "

    If you need to change your report using the service, you\u2019ll need your report reference number starting with \u2018RTT\u2019. You\u2019ll get it by email within 10 days.

    ", + "

    Report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the following tax year

    ", + "

    You can report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the tax year after you disposed of assets.

    ", + "

    Do not wait until the next tax year to report gains on UK residential property sold since 6 April 2020. You may have to pay interest and a penalty if you do.

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return, register for Self Assessment after the tax year you disposed of your chargeable assets.

    ", + "

    You can get help with your tax return from an accountant or tax adviser.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve sent your return HMRC will tell you how much you owe in Capital Gains Tax, how to pay and when to pay by.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax rates

    ", + "

    You pay a different rate of tax on gains from residential property than you do on other assets.

    ", + "

    You do not usually pay tax when you sell your home.

    ", + "

    If you pay higher rate Income Tax

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a higher or additional rate taxpayer you\u2019ll pay:

    ", + "
  • 28% on your gains from residential property
    • ", + "
  • 20% on your gains from other chargeable assets
    • ", + "

    If you pay basic rate Income Tax

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer, the rate you pay depends on the size of your gain, your taxable income and whether your gain is from residential property or other assets.

    ", + "
  • Work out how much taxable income you have - this is your income minus your Personal Allowance and any other Income Tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to.
    • ", + "
  • Work out your total taxable gains.
    • ", + "
  • Deduct your tax-free allowance from your total taxable gains.
    • ", + "
  • Add this amount to your taxable income.
    • ", + "
  • If this amount is within the basic Income Tax band you\u2019ll pay 10% on your gains (or 18% on residential property). You\u2019ll pay 20% (or 28% on residential property) on any amount above the basic tax rate.
    • ", + "

    If you have gains from both residential property and other assets

    ", + "

    You can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a trustee or business

    ", + "

    Trustees or personal representatives of someone who\u2019s died pay:

    ", + "
  • 28% on residential property
    • ", + "
  • 20% on other chargeable assets
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay 10% if you\u2019re a sole trader or partnership and your gains qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief.

    ", + "

    If you make a loss

    ", + "

    You can report losses on a chargeable asset to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to reduce your total taxable gains.

    ", + "

    Losses used in this way are called \u2018allowable losses\u2019.

    ", + "

    Using losses to reduce your gain

    ", + "

    When you report a loss, the amount is deducted from the gains you made in the same tax year.

    ", + "

    If your total taxable gain is still above the tax-free allowance, you can deduct unused losses from previous tax years. If they reduce your gain to the tax-free allowance, you can carry forward the remaining losses to a future tax year.

    ", + "

    Reporting losses

    ", + "

    Claim for your loss by including it on your tax return. If you\u2019ve never made a gain and are not registered for Self Assessment, you can write to HMRC instead.

    ", + "

    You do not have to report losses straight away - you can claim up to 4 years after the end of the tax year that you disposed of the asset.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s an exception for losses made before 5 April 1996, which you can still claim for. You must deduct these after any more recent losses.

    ", + "

    Losses when disposing of assets to family and others

    ", + "

    Your husband, wife or civil partner

    ", + "

    You usually do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your spouse or civil partner. You cannot claim losses against these assets.

    ", + "

    Other family members and \u2018connected people\u2019

    ", + "

    You cannot deduct a loss from giving, selling or disposing of an asset to a family member unless you\u2019re offsetting a gain from the same person.

    ", + "

    This also applies to \u2018connected people\u2019 like business partners.

    ", + "

    Connected people

    ", + "

    HMRC defines connected people as including:

    ", + "
  • your brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, children and grandchildren, and their husbands, wives or civil partners
    • ", + "
  • the brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, children and grandchildren of your husband, wife or civil partner - and their husbands, wives or civil partners
    • ", + "
  • business partners
    • ", + "
  • a company you control
    • ", + "
  • trustees where you\u2019re the \u2018settlor\u2019 (or someone connected to you is)
    • ", + "

    Claiming for an asset that\u2019s lost its value

    ", + "

    You can claim losses on assets that you still own if they become worthless or of \u2018negligible value\u2019.

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance on how to make a negligible value claim.

    ", + "

    Special rules

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance on the special rules for losses:

    ", + "
  • when someone dies
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re non-resident and sell UK property or land
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019ve temporarily lived abroad as a \u2018non-resident\u2019
    • ", + "
  • from your income on shares that are unquoted or in the Enterprise Investment Scheme
    • ", + "
  • on overseas assets if you\u2019re \u2018non-domiciled\u2019 in the UK and have claimed the \u2018remittance basis\u2019
    • ", + "

    Record keeping

    ", + "

    You need to collect records to work out your gains and fill in your tax return. You must keep them for at least a year after the Self Assessment deadline.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep records for longer if you sent your tax return late or HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) have started a check into your return.

    ", + "

    Businesses must keep records for 5 years after the deadline.

    ", + "

    Records you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    Keep receipts, bills and invoices that show the date and the amount:

    ", + "
  • you paid for an asset
    • ", + "
  • of any additional costs like fees for professional advice, Stamp Duty, improvement costs, or to establish the market value
    • ", + "
  • you received for the asset - including things like payments you get later in instalments, or compensation if the asset was damaged
    • ", + "

    Also keep any contracts for buying and selling the asset (for example from solicitors or stockbrokers) and copies of any valuations.

    ", + "

    If you do not have records

    ", + "

    You must try to recreate your records if you cannot replace them after they\u2019ve been lost, stolen or destroyed.

    ", + "

    If you fill in your tax return using recreated records, you\u2019ll need to show where figures are:

    ", + "
  • estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final
    • ", + "
  • provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with the actual figures
    • ", + "

    Market value

    ", + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your asset and what you sold it for.

    ", + "

    There are some situations where you use the market value instead.

    ", + "Situation | Use market value at", + "Gifts | Date of gift", + "Assets sold for less than they were worth to help the buyer | Date of sale", + "Inherited assets where you do not know the Inheritance Tax value | Date of death", + "Assets owned before April 1982 | 31 March 1982", + "

    Checking the market value

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can check your valuation.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve disposed of the asset, complete a \u2018Post-transaction valuation check\u2019 form. Return it to the address on the form - allow at least 3 months for HMRC\u2019s response.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-personal-possessions": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-personal-possessions", + "title": "Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions", + "content": "## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) a personal possession for \u00a36,000 or more.\n\nPossessions you may need to pay tax on include:\n\n- jewellery\n\n- paintings\n\n- antiques\n\n- coins and stamps\n\n- sets of things, eg matching vases or chessmen\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\n## When you don\u2019t pay it\n\nYou don\u2019t usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou don\u2019t pay Capital Gains Tax on:\n\n- your car - unless you\u2019ve used it for business\n\n- anything with a limited lifespan, eg clocks - unless used for business\n\n## Jointly owned possessions\n\nYou\u2019re exempt from paying tax on the first \u00a36,000 of your share if you own a possession with other people.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your personal possession and what you sold it for.\n\nUse the market value instead if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited it (and don\u2019t know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your personal possession from your gain.\n\nCosts you can deduct include:\n\n- fees, eg for valuing or advertising\n\n- costs to improve your possession (but not repairs)\n\n- VAT (unless you can reclaim it)\n\nYou can\u2019t deduct certain costs, including:\n\n- interest on a loan to buy your possession\n\n- costs you can claim as expenses, if you\u2019ve used your possession for business\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\n## If you sold it for between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000\n\nYou may be able to reduce your gain if you got between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000 for your possession when you sold or disposed of it.\n\n- Subtract \u00a36,000 from the amount you\u2019ve received.\n\n- Multiply this by 1.667.\n\n- Compare this with the actual gain - use the lower amount as your capital gain.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nWhen you know your gain, you can work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019ve used your possession for business, you can reduce or delay the tax you pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\nYou can claim losses for possessions sold for less than \u00a36,000. Work out your loss by using \u00a36,000 as the amount you sold your possession for, and report it in your tax return.\n\n## Possessions with a limited lifespan\n\nYou don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions with a lifespan of less than 50 years. This covers all machinery, and includes things like antique clocks or watches.\n\nDifferent rules apply if you\u2019ve used the possession for business. You don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax if it doesn\u2019t qualify for capital allowances. If it qualifies, you may need to pay Capital Gains Tax, but you can\u2019t claim losses.\n\n## Possessions that are part of a set\n\nIf you sell all or part of a set to the same person for less than \u00a36,000, you won\u2019t pay tax.\n\nIf you sell parts of a set to different people, you won\u2019t pay tax on each part sold for less than \u00a36,000.\n\nSets include things like chessmen, books by the same author, matching vases and sets of china.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What you pay it on

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) a personal possession for \u00a36,000 or more.

    ", + "

    Possessions you may need to pay tax on include:

    ", + "
  • jewellery
    • ", + "
  • paintings
    • ", + "
  • antiques
    • ", + "
  • coins and stamps
    • ", + "
  • sets of things, eg matching vases or chessmen
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.

    ", + "

    When you don\u2019t pay it

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t pay Capital Gains Tax on:

    ", + "
  • your car - unless you\u2019ve used it for business
    • ", + "
  • anything with a limited lifespan, eg clocks - unless used for business
    • ", + "

    Jointly owned possessions

    ", + "

    You\u2019re exempt from paying tax on the first \u00a36,000 of your share if you own a possession with other people.

    ", + "

    Work out your gain

    ", + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your personal possession and what you sold it for.

    ", + "

    Use the market value instead if:

    ", + "
  • it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)
    • ", + "
  • you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer
    • ", + "
  • you inherited it (and don\u2019t know the Inheritance Tax value)
    • ", + "
  • you owned it before April 1982
    • ", + "

    Deduct costs

    ", + "

    You can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your personal possession from your gain.

    ", + "

    Costs you can deduct include:

    ", + "
  • fees, eg for valuing or advertising
    • ", + "
  • costs to improve your possession (but not repairs)
    • ", + "
  • VAT (unless you can reclaim it)
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t deduct certain costs, including:

    ", + "
  • interest on a loan to buy your possession
    • ", + "
  • costs you can claim as expenses, if you\u2019ve used your possession for business
    • ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.

    ", + "

    If you sold it for between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000

    ", + "

    You may be able to reduce your gain if you got between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000 for your possession when you sold or disposed of it.

    ", + "
  • Subtract \u00a36,000 from the amount you\u2019ve received.
    • ", + "
  • Multiply this by 1.667.
    • ", + "
  • Compare this with the actual gain - use the lower amount as your capital gain.
    • ", + "

    Work out if you need to pay

    ", + "

    When you know your gain, you can work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve used your possession for business, you can reduce or delay the tax you pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.

    ", + "

    Reporting a loss

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you need to report a loss.

    ", + "

    You can claim losses for possessions sold for less than \u00a36,000. Work out your loss by using \u00a36,000 as the amount you sold your possession for, and report it in your tax return.

    ", + "

    Possessions with a limited lifespan

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions with a lifespan of less than 50 years. This covers all machinery, and includes things like antique clocks or watches.

    ", + "

    Different rules apply if you\u2019ve used the possession for business. You don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax if it doesn\u2019t qualify for capital allowances. If it qualifies, you may need to pay Capital Gains Tax, but you can\u2019t claim losses.

    ", + "

    Possessions that are part of a set

    ", + "

    If you sell all or part of a set to the same person for less than \u00a36,000, you won\u2019t pay tax.

    ", + "

    If you sell parts of a set to different people, you won\u2019t pay tax on each part sold for less than \u00a36,000.

    ", + "

    Sets include things like chessmen, books by the same author, matching vases and sets of china.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/pay-self-assessment-tax-bill": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-self-assessment-tax-bill", + "title": "Pay your Self Assessment tax bill", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe deadlines for paying your tax bill are usually:\n\n- 31 January - for any tax you owe for the previous tax year (known as a balancing payment) and your first payment on account\n\n- 31 July for your second payment on account\n\nIf you delayed making a payment on account in July 2020 because of coronavirus (COVID-19), this will be added to your tax bill due by 31 January 2021.\n\nPay Self Assessment now\n\nYou can pay in regular monthly instalments, if you prefer.\n\nYou can get help if you cannot pay your tax bill on time.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. You\u2019ll be charged interest and may have to pay a penalty if your payment is late.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- through your online bank account\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\nYou need a paying-in slip from HMRC to pay at a bank or building society.\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- Bacs\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up with HMRC before)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set one up with HMRC before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments or by debit or credit card).\n\n## Problems with payment services\n\nOnline payment services may be slow during busy times. Check if there are any current problems or times they are not available.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make single payments for 31 January.\n\nYou can also set up another Direct Debit if you need to make a payment on account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to set up single payments each time you want to pay by Direct Debit.\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 11-character payment reference. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll find it either on your:\n\n- HMRC online account\n\n- paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your Self-Assessment tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## Make an online or telephone bank transfer\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill using Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\n## Pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs\n\nYour bill will tell you which account to pay in to. If you do not have a bill, or you\u2019re not sure, use HMRC Cumbernauld.\n\n## Account details to use\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## If your account is overseas\n\n| Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account number (IBAN) | Account name |\n\n| BARCGB22 | GB62BARC20114770297690 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n| BARCGB22 | GB03BARC20114783977692 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## What you\u2019ll need\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 11-character payment reference when you pay. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019.\n\nYou can find it on your:\n\n- HMRC online account\n\n- paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nPayments from overseas may take longer - check with your bank.\n\n## Multiple payments by CHAPS\n\nSend an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single CHAPS payment for multiple Self Assessment bills, using more than one payment reference number.\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## Approve a payment through your online bank account\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.\n\nWhen you\u2019re ready to pay, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your Self Assessment payment.\n\nThe payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nUse your 11-character payment reference when you pay. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find it either:\n\n- in your HMRC online account\n\n- on your paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, not the date it reaches their account - including on bank holidays and weekends.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your Self Assessment tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can only pay at your branch by cash or cheque if you both:\n\n- still get paper statements from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- have the paying-in slip HMRC sent you\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 11-character payment reference on the back of the cheque. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the paying-in slip.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches their account (as long as you pay from Monday to Friday).\n\n## If you do not have a paying-in slip\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay by another method instead, for example:\n\n- debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- online or telephone banking\n\n- Direct Debit\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 11-character payment reference on the back of the cheque. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find this on your payslip.\n\nInclude the payslip HMRC sent you (if you still get paper statements). Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque correctly.\n\n## If you do not have an HMRC payslip\n\nYou can print a slip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\n## Pay in instalments\n\nIf you\u2019ve already filed your Self Assessment tax return, you might be able to pay the bill in instalments.\n\nWhat you need to do depends on whether you want to:\n\n- make payments against your latest bill\n\n- make advance payments against your next bill\n\n## If you cannot afford to pay your latest bill\n\nYou can set up a payment plan to spread the cost of your latest Self Assessment bill if all the following apply:\n\n- you owe \u00a330,000 or less\n\n- you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC\n\n- your tax returns are up to date\n\n- it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline\n\nYou can choose how much to pay straight away and how much you want to pay each month. You\u2019ll have to pay interest.\n\nIf you don\u2019t keep up with your repayments, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay everything you owe.\n\nThere are 2 ways you can set up a payment plan:\n\n- set up a payment plan online\n\n- call the Payment Support Service\n\n## If you want to make regular payments in advance\n\nYou can set up a budget payment plan if you want to put aside money to cover your next Self Assessment tax bill.\n\nThis is different from payments on account, which you normally make once every 6 months towards your next tax bill.\n\nThe budget payment plan lets you:\n\n- decide how much to pay each week or month\n\n- stop paying for up to 6 months\n\nYou must be up to date with your previous Self Assessment payments.\n\nSet up your plan using your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account. Go to the Direct Debit section and choose the budget payment option when filling in the Direct Debit form.\n\nIf the amount in your budget payment plan does not cover your next bill in full, you\u2019ll need to pay the difference by the payment deadlines.\n\n## Through your tax code\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill through your PAYE tax code as long as all these apply:\n\n- you owe less than \u00a33,000 on your tax bill\n\n- you already pay tax through PAYE, for example you\u2019re an employee or you get a company pension\n\n- you submitted your paper tax return by 31 October or your online tax return online by 30 December\n\n## How it\u2019s set up\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will automatically collect what you owe through your tax code if you meet all 3 conditions, unless you\u2019ve specifically asked them not to (on your tax return).\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible, you will not be able to pay this way.\n\n## When you cannot pay through your tax code\n\nYou will not be able to pay your tax bill through your PAYE tax code if:\n\n- you do not have enough PAYE income for HMRC to collect it\n\n- you\u2019d pay more than 50% of your PAYE income in tax\n\n- you\u2019d end up paying more than twice as much tax as you normally do\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you cannot pay Class 2 National Insurance through your tax code, unless it\u2019s been due since before 6 April 2015. You must use one of the other ways to pay by the deadline instead.\n\n## How deductions are made\n\nThe tax you owe will be taken from your salary or pension in equal instalments over 12 months, along with your usual tax deductions.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nView your HM Revenue and Customs online account to check if your payment\u2019s been received - it should show as paid between 3 to 6 working days later.\n\nIf paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to ask for a receipt from HMRC.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The deadlines for paying your tax bill are usually:

    ", + "
  • 31 January - for any tax you owe for the previous tax year (known as a balancing payment) and your first payment on account
    • ", + "
  • 31 July for your second payment on account
    • ", + "

    If you delayed making a payment on account in July 2020 because of coronavirus (COVID-19), this will be added to your tax bill due by 31 January 2021.

    ", + "

    Pay Self Assessment now

    ", + "

    You can pay in regular monthly instalments, if you prefer.

    ", + "

    You can get help if you cannot pay your tax bill on time.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    Make sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. You\u2019ll be charged interest and may have to pay a penalty if your payment is late.

    ", + "

    The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Same or next day

    ", + "
  • through your online bank account
    • ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • by debit or corporate credit card online
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    You need a paying-in slip from HMRC to pay at a bank or building society.

    ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • Bacs
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up with HMRC before)
    • ", + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set one up with HMRC before)
    • ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments or by debit or credit card).

    ", + "

    Problems with payment services

    ", + "

    Online payment services may be slow during busy times. Check if there are any current problems or times they are not available.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Set up a Direct Debit through your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make single payments for 31 January.

    ", + "

    You can also set up another Direct Debit if you need to make a payment on account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to set up single payments each time you want to pay by Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your 11-character payment reference. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find it either on your:

    ", + "
  • HMRC online account
    • ", + "
  • paying-in slip, if you get paper statements
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your Self-Assessment tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    Make an online or telephone bank transfer

    ", + "

    You can pay your Self Assessment bill using Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.

    ", + "

    Pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs

    ", + "

    Your bill will tell you which account to pay in to. If you do not have a bill, or you\u2019re not sure, use HMRC Cumbernauld.

    ", + "

    Account details to use

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    If your account is overseas

    ", + "Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account number (IBAN) | Account name", + "BARCGB22 | GB62BARC20114770297690 | HMRC Cumbernauld", + "BARCGB22 | GB03BARC20114783977692 | HMRC Shipley", + "

    What you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your 11-character payment reference when you pay. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can find it on your:

    ", + "
  • HMRC online account
    • ", + "
  • paying-in slip, if you get paper statements
    • ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Payments from overseas may take longer - check with your bank.

    ", + "

    Multiple payments by CHAPS

    ", + "

    Send an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single CHAPS payment for multiple Self Assessment bills, using more than one payment reference number.

    ", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    Approve a payment through your online bank account

    ", + "

    You can pay your Self Assessment bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re ready to pay, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your Self Assessment payment.

    ", + "

    The payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.

    ", + "

    By debit or corporate credit card online

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    ", + "

    Use your 11-character payment reference when you pay. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find it either:

    ", + "
  • in your HMRC online account
    • ", + "
  • on your paying-in slip, if you get paper statements
    • ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, not the date it reaches their account - including on bank holidays and weekends.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to pay your Self Assessment tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    You can only pay at your branch by cash or cheque if you both:

    ", + "
  • still get paper statements from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • have the paying-in slip HMRC sent you
    • ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 11-character payment reference on the back of the cheque. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the paying-in slip.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches their account (as long as you pay from Monday to Friday).

    ", + "

    If you do not have a paying-in slip

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay by another method instead, for example:

    ", + "
  • debit or corporate credit card online
    • ", + "
  • online or telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit
    • ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.

    ", + "

    What to include

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your 11-character payment reference on the back of the cheque. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find this on your payslip.

    ", + "

    Include the payslip HMRC sent you (if you still get paper statements). Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque correctly.

    ", + "

    If you do not have an HMRC payslip

    ", + "

    You can print a slip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.

    ", + "

    Pay in instalments

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already filed your Self Assessment tax return, you might be able to pay the bill in instalments.

    ", + "

    What you need to do depends on whether you want to:

    ", + "
  • make payments against your latest bill
    • ", + "
  • make advance payments against your next bill
    • ", + "

    If you cannot afford to pay your latest bill

    ", + "

    You can set up a payment plan to spread the cost of your latest Self Assessment bill if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you owe \u00a330,000 or less
    • ", + "
  • you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC
    • ", + "
  • your tax returns are up to date
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline
    • ", + "

    You can choose how much to pay straight away and how much you want to pay each month. You\u2019ll have to pay interest.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t keep up with your repayments, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay everything you owe.

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways you can set up a payment plan:

    ", + "
  • set up a payment plan online
    • ", + "
  • call the Payment Support Service
    • ", + "

    If you want to make regular payments in advance

    ", + "

    You can set up a budget payment plan if you want to put aside money to cover your next Self Assessment tax bill.

    ", + "

    This is different from payments on account, which you normally make once every 6 months towards your next tax bill.

    ", + "

    The budget payment plan lets you:

    ", + "
  • decide how much to pay each week or month
    • ", + "
  • stop paying for up to 6 months
    • ", + "

    You must be up to date with your previous Self Assessment payments.

    ", + "

    Set up your plan using your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account. Go to the Direct Debit section and choose the budget payment option when filling in the Direct Debit form.

    ", + "

    If the amount in your budget payment plan does not cover your next bill in full, you\u2019ll need to pay the difference by the payment deadlines.

    ", + "

    Through your tax code

    ", + "

    You can pay your Self Assessment bill through your PAYE tax code as long as all these apply:

    ", + "
  • you owe less than \u00a33,000 on your tax bill
    • ", + "
  • you already pay tax through PAYE, for example you\u2019re an employee or you get a company pension
    • ", + "
  • you submitted your paper tax return by 31 October or your online tax return online by 30 December
    • ", + "

    How it\u2019s set up

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will automatically collect what you owe through your tax code if you meet all 3 conditions, unless you\u2019ve specifically asked them not to (on your tax return).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible, you will not be able to pay this way.

    ", + "

    When you cannot pay through your tax code

    ", + "

    You will not be able to pay your tax bill through your PAYE tax code if:

    ", + "
  • you do not have enough PAYE income for HMRC to collect it
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019d pay more than 50% of your PAYE income in tax
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019d end up paying more than twice as much tax as you normally do
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed you cannot pay Class 2 National Insurance through your tax code, unless it\u2019s been due since before 6 April 2015. You must use one of the other ways to pay by the deadline instead.

    ", + "

    How deductions are made

    ", + "

    The tax you owe will be taken from your salary or pension in equal instalments over 12 months, along with your usual tax deductions.

    ", + "

    Check your payment has been received

    ", + "

    View your HM Revenue and Customs online account to check if your payment\u2019s been received - it should show as paid between 3 to 6 working days later.

    ", + "

    If paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to ask for a receipt from HMRC.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-shares": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-shares", + "title": "Tax when you sell shares", + "content": "## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) shares or other investments.\n\nShares and investments you may need to pay tax on include:\n\n- shares that are not in an ISA or PEP\n\n- units in a unit trust\n\n- certain bonds (not including Premium Bonds and Qualifying Corporate Bonds)\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax. This will depend on if your total gains are above your Capital Gains Tax allowance for the tax year.\n\n## When you do not pay it\n\nYou do not usually need to pay tax if you give shares as a gift to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou also do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you dispose of:\n\n- shares you\u2019ve put into an ISA or PEP\n\n- shares in employer Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)\n\n- UK government gilts (including Premium Bonds)\n\n- Qualifying Corporate Bonds\n\n- employee shareholder shares - depending on when you got them\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your shares and what you sold them for.\n\n## Market value\n\nIn some situations you should use the market value of the shares when working out your gain. Do this if:\n\n- you gave them away as a gift to someone other than your spouse, civil partner or a charity\n\n- you sold them for less than they were worth\n\n- you inherited them and do not know the Inheritance Tax value\n\n- you owned them before April 1982\n\n- you acquired them through certain Employee Share Schemes\n\nIf the shares were given or sold to you by someone who claimed Gift Hold-Over Relief, use the amount that person paid for them to work out your gain. If you paid less than they were worth, use the amount you paid for them.\n\n## Selling in special circumstances\n\nThere are special rules for working out the cost of your shares if you sell:\n\n- shares you bought at different times and prices in one company\n\n- shares through an investment club\n\n- shares after a company merger or takeover\n\n- employee share scheme shares\n\n## Jointly owned shares and investments\n\nIf you sell shares or investments that you own jointly with other people, work out the gain for the portion that you own, instead of the whole value. There are different rules for investment clubs.\n\n## What to do next\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct certain costs of buying or selling your shares from your gain. These include:\n\n- fees, for example stockbrokers\u2019 fees\n\n- Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) when you bought the shares\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\n## Apply reliefs\n\nYou may be able to reduce or delay paying Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nWhen you know your gain you need to work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou may be able to work out how much tax to pay on your shares.\n\nYou can use the calculator if you sold shares that were:\n\n- the same type, acquired in the same company on the same date\n\n- sold at the same time\n\nYou can not use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold other shares in the tax year\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, such as a property you let out\n\n- claim any reliefs\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\nYou can claim losses on shares you own if they become worthless or of \u2018negligible value\u2019 (for example because the company goes into liquidation).\n\nHMRC has guidance on making a negligible value claim.\n\n## Selling shares in the same company\n\nThere\u2019s a different way of working out your cost if you\u2019ve sold the same type of shares in a company that you bought at different times.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to work out the average cost of your shares and deduct this from what you got for them to work out your gain.\n\nIf you bought new shares of the same type in the same company within 30 days of selling your old ones, there are special rules for working out the cost to use in your tax calculations.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help if you need advice.\n\n## Investment clubs\n\nYou work out your gain differently if you\u2019ve bought and sold shares through an investment club.\n\nAn investment club is a group of people that buys and sells shares together on the stock market.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYou\u2019ll get a written statement of your gains and losses (an \u2018investment club certificate (PDF, 212KB)\u2019) at the end of each tax year from the person who runs the club, for example its treasurer.\n\nWhen you know your gain, work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax. There are special rules if you make any losses.\n\n## Leaving an investment club\n\nThe club buys back your shares if you leave, and you need to include any gain or loss when you\u2019re working out if you need to pay tax.\n\n- Take your share of any gains during your membership of the club, and deduct your share of any losses.\n\n- Add any income from dividends you received (after tax).\n\n- Add any other money you received from the club, and deduct anything you paid into it (for example a monthly amount to invest).\n\n- Deduct the total from what you received from the club for your shares.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional help (for example from an accountant) if you need advice.\n\n## Transferring shares into the club\n\nIf you transfer shares you already own into the club, you\u2019re treated as selling them and you need to work out your gain.\n\n## If you run an investment club\n\nThe investment club treasurer or secretary should:\n\n- divide any income, gains and losses between its members according to the club\u2019s rules\n\n- give every member a written statement at the end of each tax year - you can use HMRC\u2019s investment club certificate (PDF, 212KB)\n\n- keep records including members\u2019 income and gains\n\n- arrange to buy shares from members who want to leave the club\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a new investment club, make sure it has a constitution and rules. Get legal advice from a professional if you need help.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nYou may be able to reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you have to pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n| Relief | Description |\n\n| Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief | Pay 10% Capital Gains Tax instead of the normal rates if you sell shares in a trading company that you work for and have at least 5% of the shares and voting rights (known as a \u2018personal company\u2019). |\n\n| Gift Hold-Over Relief | Pay no Capital Gains Tax if you give away shares in a personal company or unlisted company - the person you gave them to pays tax when they sell them. |\n\n| Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS) | Delay or reduce your Capital Gains Tax if you use a gain to buy unlisted shares in companies approved for EIS. |\n\n| Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) | Pay no Capital Gains Tax on a gain of up to \u00a3100,000 if you use a gain to buy new shares in small early-stage companies approved for SEIS. |\n\n| Rollover relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax if you sell unlisted shares to the trustees of a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and use the proceeds to buy new assets. |\n\nShares are \u2018unlisted\u2019 if they\u2019re in a company that is not listed on the London Stock Exchange or a recognised stock exchange abroad.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What you pay it on

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) shares or other investments.

    ", + "

    Shares and investments you may need to pay tax on include:

    ", + "
  • shares that are not in an ISA or PEP
    • ", + "
  • units in a unit trust
    • ", + "
  • certain bonds (not including Premium Bonds and Qualifying Corporate Bonds)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax. This will depend on if your total gains are above your Capital Gains Tax allowance for the tax year.

    ", + "

    When you do not pay it

    ", + "

    You do not usually need to pay tax if you give shares as a gift to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.

    ", + "

    You also do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you dispose of:

    ", + "
  • shares you\u2019ve put into an ISA or PEP
    • ", + "
  • shares in employer Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)
    • ", + "
  • UK government gilts (including Premium Bonds)
    • ", + "
  • Qualifying Corporate Bonds
    • ", + "
  • employee shareholder shares - depending on when you got them
    • ", + "

    Work out your gain

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your shares and what you sold them for.

    ", + "

    Market value

    ", + "

    In some situations you should use the market value of the shares when working out your gain. Do this if:

    ", + "
  • you gave them away as a gift to someone other than your spouse, civil partner or a charity
    • ", + "
  • you sold them for less than they were worth
    • ", + "
  • you inherited them and do not know the Inheritance Tax value
    • ", + "
  • you owned them before April 1982
    • ", + "
  • you acquired them through certain Employee Share Schemes
    • ", + "

    If the shares were given or sold to you by someone who claimed Gift Hold-Over Relief, use the amount that person paid for them to work out your gain. If you paid less than they were worth, use the amount you paid for them.

    ", + "

    Selling in special circumstances

    ", + "

    There are special rules for working out the cost of your shares if you sell:

    ", + "
  • shares you bought at different times and prices in one company
    • ", + "
  • shares through an investment club
    • ", + "
  • shares after a company merger or takeover
    • ", + "
  • employee share scheme shares
    • ", + "

    Jointly owned shares and investments

    ", + "

    If you sell shares or investments that you own jointly with other people, work out the gain for the portion that you own, instead of the whole value. There are different rules for investment clubs.

    ", + "

    What to do next

    ", + "

    Deduct costs

    ", + "

    You can deduct certain costs of buying or selling your shares from your gain. These include:

    ", + "
  • fees, for example stockbrokers\u2019 fees
    • ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) when you bought the shares
    • ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.

    ", + "

    Apply reliefs

    ", + "

    You may be able to reduce or delay paying Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.

    ", + "

    Work out if you need to pay

    ", + "

    When you know your gain you need to work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    You may be able to work out how much tax to pay on your shares.

    ", + "

    You can use the calculator if you sold shares that were:

    ", + "
  • the same type, acquired in the same company on the same date
    • ", + "
  • sold at the same time
    • ", + "

    You can not use the calculator if you:

    ", + "
  • sold other shares in the tax year
    • ", + "
  • sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, such as a property you let out
    • ", + "
  • claim any reliefs
    • ", + "
  • are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative
    • ", + "

    Calculate Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    Reporting a loss

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you need to report a loss.

    ", + "

    You can claim losses on shares you own if they become worthless or of \u2018negligible value\u2019 (for example because the company goes into liquidation).

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance on making a negligible value claim.

    ", + "

    Selling shares in the same company

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way of working out your cost if you\u2019ve sold the same type of shares in a company that you bought at different times.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to work out the average cost of your shares and deduct this from what you got for them to work out your gain.

    ", + "

    If you bought new shares of the same type in the same company within 30 days of selling your old ones, there are special rules for working out the cost to use in your tax calculations.

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help if you need advice.

    ", + "

    Investment clubs

    ", + "

    You work out your gain differently if you\u2019ve bought and sold shares through an investment club.

    ", + "

    An investment club is a group of people that buys and sells shares together on the stock market.

    ", + "

    Work out your gain

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a written statement of your gains and losses (an \u2018investment club certificate (PDF, 212KB)\u2019) at the end of each tax year from the person who runs the club, for example its treasurer.

    ", + "

    When you know your gain, work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax. There are special rules if you make any losses.

    ", + "

    Leaving an investment club

    ", + "

    The club buys back your shares if you leave, and you need to include any gain or loss when you\u2019re working out if you need to pay tax.

    ", + "
  • Take your share of any gains during your membership of the club, and deduct your share of any losses.
    • ", + "
  • Add any income from dividends you received (after tax).
    • ", + "
  • Add any other money you received from the club, and deduct anything you paid into it (for example a monthly amount to invest).
    • ", + "
  • Deduct the total from what you received from the club for your shares.
    • ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional help (for example from an accountant) if you need advice.

    ", + "

    Transferring shares into the club

    ", + "

    If you transfer shares you already own into the club, you\u2019re treated as selling them and you need to work out your gain.

    ", + "

    If you run an investment club

    ", + "

    The investment club treasurer or secretary should:

    ", + "
  • divide any income, gains and losses between its members according to the club\u2019s rules
    • ", + "
  • give every member a written statement at the end of each tax year - you can use HMRC\u2019s investment club certificate (PDF, 212KB)
    • ", + "
  • keep records including members\u2019 income and gains
    • ", + "
  • arrange to buy shares from members who want to leave the club
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re starting a new investment club, make sure it has a constitution and rules. Get legal advice from a professional if you need help.

    ", + "

    Tax relief

    ", + "

    You may be able to reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you have to pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.

    ", + "Relief | Description", + "Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief | Pay 10% Capital Gains Tax instead of the normal rates if you sell shares in a trading company that you work for and have at least 5% of the shares and voting rights (known as a \u2018personal company\u2019).", + "Gift Hold-Over Relief | Pay no Capital Gains Tax if you give away shares in a personal company or unlisted company - the person you gave them to pays tax when they sell them.", + "Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS) | Delay or reduce your Capital Gains Tax if you use a gain to buy unlisted shares in companies approved for EIS.", + "Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) | Pay no Capital Gains Tax on a gain of up to \u00a3100,000 if you use a gain to buy new shares in small early-stage companies approved for SEIS.", + "Rollover relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax if you sell unlisted shares to the trustees of a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and use the proceeds to buy new assets.", + "

    Shares are \u2018unlisted\u2019 if they\u2019re in a company that is not listed on the London Stock Exchange or a recognised stock exchange abroad.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-home": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-home", + "title": "Tax when you sell your home", + "content": "## Private Residence Relief\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:\n\n- you have one home and you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it\n\n- you have not let part of it out - this does not include having a lodger\n\n- you have not used a part of your home exclusively for business purposes (using a room as a temporary or occasional office does not count as exclusive business use)\n\n- the grounds, including all buildings, are less than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre) in total\n\n- you did not buy it just to make a gain\n\nIf all these apply you will automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief and will have no tax to pay. If any of them apply, you may have some tax to pay.\n\nFind out if you\u2019re eligible for Private Residence Relief.\n\nMarried couples and civil partners can only count one property as their main home at any one time.\n\nThe rules are different if you sell property that\u2019s not your home or if you live abroad.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYou may need to pay tax when you sell your home if you do not qualify for full Private Residence Relief.\n\nIf you have tax to pay you need to work out how much gain you made when you sold your home.\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your home and what you sold it for. Use the market value instead if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited the asset (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\nIf you\u2019re not resident in the UK for tax, you only pay tax on gains since 5 April 2015.\n\n## Deducting costs\n\nYou can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:\n\n- estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees\n\n- costs of improvement works, for example for an extension - normal maintenance costs like decorating do not count\n\nYou cannot deduct certain costs, like interest on a loan to buy your property. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\nThere are special rules for calculating your gain if you sell a lease or your home is compulsorily purchased.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nOnce you know your gain and have worked out how much tax relief you get, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou cannot use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares\n\n- reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own\n\n- claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax\n\n## If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Living away from your home\n\nYou may get less Private Residence Relief if you live away from your home. However, you always get relief for certain periods.\n\nThe rules are different if you\u2019re not UK resident for tax.\n\n## Periods that always qualify for relief\n\nNo matter how many homes you own or where you lived at the time, you always get relief for the last 9 months before you sold your home.\n\nIt must have been your only or main residence at some point while you owned it.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get relief for up to the first 2 years that you owned the home if both the following apply:\n\n- it was being built, renovated or you could not sell your old home\n\n- you lived in it as your only or main residence within 2 years of owning it\n\nYou get relief for these periods even if you nominated a different home as your main home.\n\n## If you have one home or you nominated your home\n\nYou get relief if you were away from it for:\n\n- any reason for periods adding up to 3 years\n\n- up to 4 years if you had to live away from home in the UK for work\n\n- any period if you were working outside the UK\n\nYou must have lived in the home before and afterwards, unless your work prevented you.\n\nIf you only own one home you get relief for the last 36 months before you sold your home if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re disabled\n\n- you\u2019re in long-term residential care\n\n- you sold the property before 6 April 2014\n\nYou get relief for the last 18 months if none of these apply, but you sold your home before 6 April 2020.\n\n## If you own more than one home\n\nIn most cases, you only get relief for one home for any period. You must work out when you lived in each property as your main home.\n\nIf you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership only one home per couple counts as your main home for any period.\n\nIf you\u2019ve nominated a home you cannot get relief for another property for the time your home is nominated, apart from for the periods that always qualify for relief.\n\nThere are other rules that affect tax relief when you sell your home.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure how the rules apply to you, call the Capital Gains Tax helpline.\n\n## Nominating a home\n\nIf you nominate a property as your main home you qualify for relief for most of the time you live away. You must have lived in the home as your only or main residence at some point while you owned it.\n\nThe rules are different if you\u2019re not UK resident for tax.\n\nYou cannot get relief for another property for the time your home is nominated, apart from for certain periods that always qualify for relief.\n\nYou can nominate one property as your main home by writing to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). Include the address of the home you want to nominate. All the owners of the property must sign the letter.\n\nIf you want to nominate a home you must do this within 2 years every time your combination of homes changes.\n\nIf you do not nominate a home and you sell one of your properties you must work out how long you lived in it as your main home.\n\n## Overseas properties\n\nFrom 6 April 2015, you can only nominate an overseas property if you lived in it for at least 90 days in the tax year.\n\n## If you let out your home\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019ve let out your home. How much you pay depends on how long you lived in it.\n\nHaving a lodger does not count as letting out your home.\n\n## Work out how much tax you have to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll pay tax on your \u2018chargeable gain\u2019. This is your gain minus any Private Residence Relief you\u2019re eligible for.\n\nYou get full relief for:\n\n- the years you lived in the home\n\n- the last 9 months you owned the home - even if you were not living there at the time\n\nIf you sold the property between 6 April 2014 and 6 April 2020, you get relief for the last 18 months you owned it.\n\nIf you only own one home and you\u2019re disabled, in long-term residential care or sold the property before 6 April 2014 you get full relief for the last 36 months you owned it.\n\n## If you only let out part of your home\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out what proportion of your home you lived in. You only get Private Residence Relief on this proportion of your gain.\n\n## Claim Letting Relief\n\nIf you lived in your home at the same time as your tenants, you may qualify for Letting Relief on gains you make when you sell the property.\n\nYou can get the lowest of the following:\n\n- the same amount you got in Private Residence Relief\n\n- \u00a340,000\n\n- the same amount as the chargeable gain you made while letting out part of your home\n\nLetting Relief does not cover any proportion of the chargeable gain you make while your home is empty.\n\nThere are other rules that may affect the amount of Capital Gains Tax you need to pay.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure how the rules apply to you, call the Capital Gains Tax helpline.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Private Residence Relief

    ", + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have one home and you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it
    • ", + "
  • you have not let part of it out - this does not include having a lodger
    • ", + "
  • you have not used a part of your home exclusively for business purposes (using a room as a temporary or occasional office does not count as exclusive business use)
    • ", + "
  • the grounds, including all buildings, are less than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre) in total
    • ", + "
  • you did not buy it just to make a gain
    • ", + "

    If all these apply you will automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief and will have no tax to pay. If any of them apply, you may have some tax to pay.

    ", + "

    Find out if you\u2019re eligible for Private Residence Relief.

    ", + "

    Married couples and civil partners can only count one property as their main home at any one time.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you sell property that\u2019s not your home or if you live abroad.

    ", + "

    Work out your gain

    ", + "

    You may need to pay tax when you sell your home if you do not qualify for full Private Residence Relief.

    ", + "

    If you have tax to pay you need to work out how much gain you made when you sold your home.

    ", + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your home and what you sold it for. Use the market value instead if:

    ", + "
  • it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)
    • ", + "
  • you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer
    • ", + "
  • you inherited the asset (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)
    • ", + "
  • you owned it before April 1982
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not resident in the UK for tax, you only pay tax on gains since 5 April 2015.

    ", + "

    Deducting costs

    ", + "

    You can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:

    ", + "
  • estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees
    • ", + "
  • costs of improvement works, for example for an extension - normal maintenance costs like decorating do not count
    • ", + "

    You cannot deduct certain costs, like interest on a loan to buy your property. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for calculating your gain if you sell a lease or your home is compulsorily purchased.

    ", + "

    Work out if you need to pay

    ", + "

    Once you know your gain and have worked out how much tax relief you get, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the calculator if you:

    ", + "
  • sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares
    • ", + "
  • reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own
    • ", + "
  • claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief
    • ", + "
  • are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative
    • ", + "

    Calculate Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay

    ", + "

    You must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.

    ", + "

    Living away from your home

    ", + "

    You may get less Private Residence Relief if you live away from your home. However, you always get relief for certain periods.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you\u2019re not UK resident for tax.

    ", + "

    Periods that always qualify for relief

    ", + "

    No matter how many homes you own or where you lived at the time, you always get relief for the last 9 months before you sold your home.

    ", + "

    It must have been your only or main residence at some point while you owned it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get relief for up to the first 2 years that you owned the home if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it was being built, renovated or you could not sell your old home
    • ", + "
  • you lived in it as your only or main residence within 2 years of owning it
    • ", + "

    You get relief for these periods even if you nominated a different home as your main home.

    ", + "

    If you have one home or you nominated your home

    ", + "

    You get relief if you were away from it for:

    ", + "
  • any reason for periods adding up to 3 years
    • ", + "
  • up to 4 years if you had to live away from home in the UK for work
    • ", + "
  • any period if you were working outside the UK
    • ", + "

    You must have lived in the home before and afterwards, unless your work prevented you.

    ", + "

    If you only own one home you get relief for the last 36 months before you sold your home if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re disabled
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in long-term residential care
    • ", + "
  • you sold the property before 6 April 2014
    • ", + "

    You get relief for the last 18 months if none of these apply, but you sold your home before 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    If you own more than one home

    ", + "

    In most cases, you only get relief for one home for any period. You must work out when you lived in each property as your main home.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership only one home per couple counts as your main home for any period.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve nominated a home you cannot get relief for another property for the time your home is nominated, apart from for the periods that always qualify for relief.

    ", + "

    There are other rules that affect tax relief when you sell your home.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure how the rules apply to you, call the Capital Gains Tax helpline.

    ", + "

    Nominating a home

    ", + "

    If you nominate a property as your main home you qualify for relief for most of the time you live away. You must have lived in the home as your only or main residence at some point while you owned it.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you\u2019re not UK resident for tax.

    ", + "

    You cannot get relief for another property for the time your home is nominated, apart from for certain periods that always qualify for relief.

    ", + "

    You can nominate one property as your main home by writing to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). Include the address of the home you want to nominate. All the owners of the property must sign the letter.

    ", + "

    If you want to nominate a home you must do this within 2 years every time your combination of homes changes.

    ", + "

    If you do not nominate a home and you sell one of your properties you must work out how long you lived in it as your main home.

    ", + "

    Overseas properties

    ", + "

    From 6 April 2015, you can only nominate an overseas property if you lived in it for at least 90 days in the tax year.

    ", + "

    If you let out your home

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019ve let out your home. How much you pay depends on how long you lived in it.

    ", + "

    Having a lodger does not count as letting out your home.

    ", + "

    Work out how much tax you have to pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay tax on your \u2018chargeable gain\u2019. This is your gain minus any Private Residence Relief you\u2019re eligible for.

    ", + "

    You get full relief for:

    ", + "
  • the years you lived in the home
    • ", + "
  • the last 9 months you owned the home - even if you were not living there at the time
    • ", + "

    If you sold the property between 6 April 2014 and 6 April 2020, you get relief for the last 18 months you owned it.

    ", + "

    If you only own one home and you\u2019re disabled, in long-term residential care or sold the property before 6 April 2014 you get full relief for the last 36 months you owned it.

    ", + "

    If you only let out part of your home

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out what proportion of your home you lived in. You only get Private Residence Relief on this proportion of your gain.

    ", + "

    Claim Letting Relief

    ", + "

    If you lived in your home at the same time as your tenants, you may qualify for Letting Relief on gains you make when you sell the property.

    ", + "

    You can get the lowest of the following:

    ", + "
  • the same amount you got in Private Residence Relief
    • ", + "
  • \u00a340,000
    • ", + "
  • the same amount as the chargeable gain you made while letting out part of your home
    • ", + "

    Letting Relief does not cover any proportion of the chargeable gain you make while your home is empty.

    ", + "

    There are other rules that may affect the amount of Capital Gains Tax you need to pay.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure how the rules apply to you, call the Capital Gains Tax helpline.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/trusts-taxes": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trusts-taxes", + "title": "Trusts and taxes", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA trust is a way of managing assets (money, investments, land or buildings) for people. There are different types of trusts and they are taxed differently.\n\nTrusts involve:\n\n- the \u2018settlor\u2019 - the person who puts assets into a trust\n\n- the \u2018trustee\u2019 - the person who manages the trust\n\n- the \u2018beneficiary\u2019 - the person who benefits from the trust\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## What trusts are for\n\nTrusts are set up for a number of reasons, including:\n\n- to control and protect family assets\n\n- when someone\u2019s too young to handle their affairs\n\n- when someone cannot handle their affairs because they\u2019re incapacitated\n\n- to pass on assets while you\u2019re still alive\n\n- to pass on assets when you die (a \u2018will trust\u2019)\n\n- under the rules of inheritance if someone dies without a will (in England and Wales)\n\n## What the settlor does\n\nThe settlor decides how the assets in a trust should be used - this is usually set out in a document called the \u2018trust deed\u2019.\n\nSometimes the settlor can also benefit from the assets in a trust - this is called a \u2018settlor-interested\u2019 trust and has special tax rules. Find out more by reading the information on different types of trust.\n\n## What trustees do\n\nThe trustees are the legal owners of the assets held in a trust. Their role is to:\n\n- deal with the assets according to the settlor\u2019s wishes, as set out in the trust deed or their will\n\n- manage the trust on a day-to-day basis and pay any tax due\n\n- decide how to invest or use the trust\u2019s assets\n\nIf the trustees change, the trust can still continue, but there always has to be at least one trustee.\n\n## Beneficiaries\n\nThere might be more than one beneficiary, like a whole family or defined group of people. They may benefit from:\n\n- the income of a trust only, for example from renting out a house held in a trust\n\n- the capital only, for example getting shares held in a trust when they reach a certain age\n\n- both the income and capital of the trust\n\n## If you need help\n\nContact a solicitor or tax advisor. They can also talk to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on your behalf if you give them permission.\n\nYou can also get help from the Society of Trust and Estate Practitioners.\n\n## Types of trust\n\nThe main types of trust are:\n\n- bare trusts\n\n- interest in possession trusts\n\n- discretionary trusts\n\n- accumulation trusts\n\n- mixed trusts\n\n- settlor-interested trusts\n\n- non-resident trusts\n\nEach type of trust is taxed differently. Trusts involve a \u2018trustee\u2019, \u2018settlor\u2019 and \u2018beneficiary\u2019.\n\n## Bare trusts\n\nAssets in a bare trust are held in the name of a trustee. However, the beneficiary has the right to all of the capital and income of the trust at any time if they\u2019re 18 or over (in England and Wales), or 16 or over (in Scotland). This means the assets set aside by the settlor will always go directly to the intended beneficiary.\n\nBare trusts are often used to pass assets to young people - the trustees look after them until the beneficiary is old enough.\n\n## Interest in possession trusts\n\nThese are trusts where the trustee must pass on all trust income to the beneficiary as it arises (less any expenses).\n\n## Discretionary trusts\n\nThese are where the trustees can make certain decisions about how to use the trust income, and sometimes the capital.\n\nDepending on the trust deed, trustees can decide:\n\n- what gets paid out (income or capital)\n\n- which beneficiary to make payments to\n\n- how often payments are made\n\n- any conditions to impose on the beneficiaries\n\nDiscretionary trusts are sometimes set up to put assets aside for:\n\n- a future need, like a grandchild who may need more financial help than other beneficiaries at some point in their life\n\n- beneficiaries who are not capable or responsible enough to deal with money themselves\n\n## Accumulation trusts\n\nThis is where the trustees can accumulate income within the trust and add it to the trust\u2019s capital. They may also be able to pay income out, as with discretionary trusts.\n\n## Mixed trusts\n\nThese are a combination of more than one type of trust. The different parts of the trust are treated according to the tax rules that apply to each part.\n\n## Settlor-interested trusts\n\nThese are where the settlor or their spouse or civil partner benefits from the trust. The trust could be:\n\n- an interest in possession trust\n\n- an accumulation trust\n\n- a discretionary trust\n\n## Non-resident trusts\n\nThis is a trust where the trustees are not resident in the UK for tax purposes. The tax rules for non-resident trusts are very complicated.\n\n## Parental trusts for children\n\nThese are trusts set up by parents for children under 18 who have never been married or in a civil partnership. They\u2019re not a type of trust in their own right but will be either:\n\n- a bare trust\n\n- an interest in possession trust\n\n- an accumulation trust\n\n- a discretionary trust\n\nRead the information on types of trust to find out more.\n\n## Income Tax\n\nIncome Tax on income from the trust is paid by the trustees, but the \u2018settlor\u2019 is responsible for it. This means:\n\n- The trustees pay Income Tax on the trust income by filling out a Trust and Estate Tax Return.\n\n- They give the settlor a statement of all the income and the rates of tax charged on it.\n\n- The settlor tells HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about the tax the trustees have paid on their behalf when filling out their Self Assessment tax return.\n\n## Trusts for vulnerable people\n\nSome trusts for disabled people or children get special tax treatment. These are called \u2018trusts for vulnerable beneficiaries\u2019.\n\n## Who qualifies as a vulnerable beneficiary\n\nA vulnerable beneficiary is either someone under 18 whose parent has died or a disabled person who is eligible for any of the following benefits (even if they do not receive them):\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Disability Living Allowance (either the care component at the highest or middle rate, or the mobility component at the higher rate)\n\n- Personal Independence Payment\n\n- an increased disablement pension\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\nA vulnerable beneficiary can also be someone who is unable to manage their own affairs because of a mental health condition - check with a medical professional that it\u2019s covered by the Mental Health Act 1983.\n\n## Trusts that qualify for special tax treatment\n\nA trust does not qualify for special Income Tax treatment if the person setting it up can benefit from the trust income. However, from 2008 to 2009 it would qualify for special Capital Gains Tax treatment.\n\nTrusts for children who\u2019ve lost a parent are usually set up by the parent\u2019s will, or by special rules of inheritance if there\u2019s no will.\n\nIf someone dies without a will in Scotland, a trust set up there for their children is usually treated as a bare trust for tax purposes.\n\n## If there\u2019s more than one beneficiary\n\nIf there are beneficiaries who are not vulnerable, the assets and income for the vulnerable beneficiary must be:\n\n- identified and kept separate\n\n- used only for that person\n\nOnly that part of the trust gets special tax treatment.\n\n## Claiming special tax treatment\n\nTo claim special treatment for Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax, the trustees have to fill in the \u2018Vulnerable Person Election\u2019 form.\n\nIf there\u2019s more than one vulnerable beneficiary, each needs a separate form.\n\nThe trustees and beneficiary must both sign the form.\n\nIf the vulnerable person dies or is no longer vulnerable, the trustees must tell HMRC.\n\n## Income Tax\n\nIn a trust with a vulnerable beneficiary, the trustees are entitled to a deduction of Income Tax. It\u2019s calculated like this:\n\n- Trustees work out what their trust Income Tax would be if there was no claim for special treatment - this will vary according to which type of trust it is.\n\n- They then work out what Income Tax the vulnerable person would have paid if the trust income had been paid directly to them as an individual.\n\n- They can then claim the difference between these 2 figures as a deduction from their own Income Tax liability.\n\nThis is a complicated calculation but there\u2019s a detailed worked example on the HMRC website.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nCapital Gains Tax may be due if assets are sold, given away, exchanged or transferred in another way and they\u2019ve gone up in value since being put into trust.\n\nTax is only paid by trustees if the assets have increased in value above the \u2018annual exempt amount\u2019, which is an allowance of \u00a312,300 for people who have a mental or physical disability, or \u00a36,150 for other trustees.\n\nTrustees are responsible for paying any Capital Gains Tax due. If the trust is for vulnerable people, trustees can claim a reduction, which is calculated like this:\n\n- They work out what they would pay if there was no reduction.\n\n- They then work out what the beneficiary would have to pay if the gains had come directly to them.\n\n- They can claim the difference between these 2 amounts as a reduction on what they have to pay in Capital Gains Tax using form SA905.\n\nThis special Capital Gains Tax treatment does not apply in the tax year when the beneficiary dies.\n\n## Inheritance Tax\n\nThese are the situations when trusts for vulnerable people get special Inheritance Tax treatment:\n\n- for a disabled person whose trust was set up before 8 April 2013 - at least half of the payments from the trust must go to the disabled person during their lifetime\n\n- for a disabled person whose trust was set up on or after 8 April 2013 - all payments must go to the disabled person, except for up to \u00a33,000 per year (or 3% of the assets, if that\u2019s lower), which can be used for someone else\u2019s benefit\n\n- when someone who has a condition that\u2019s expected to make them disabled sets up a trust for themselves\n\n- for a bereaved minor - they must take all the assets and income at (or before becoming) 18\n\nThere\u2019s no Inheritance Tax charge:\n\n- if the person who set up the trust survives 7 years from the date they set it up\n\n- on transfers made out of a trust to a vulnerable beneficiary\n\nWhen the beneficiary dies, any assets held in the trust on their behalf are treated as part of their estate and Inheritance Tax may be charged.\n\nTrusts usually have 10-year Inheritance Tax charges, but trusts with vulnerable beneficiaries are exempt.\n\n## Trusts and Income Tax\n\nDifferent types of trust income have different rates of Income Tax.\n\nEach type of trust is taxed differently. Trusts involve a \u2018trustee\u2019, \u2018settlor\u2019 and \u2018beneficiary\u2019.\n\n## Accumulation or discretionary trusts\n\nTrustees are responsible for paying tax on income received by accumulation or discretionary trusts. The first \u00a31,000 is taxed at the standard rate.\n\nIf the settlor has more than one trust, this \u00a31,000 is divided by the number of trusts they have. However, if the settlor has set up 5 or more trusts, the standard rate band for each trust is \u00a3200.\n\nThe tax rates are below.\n\n## Trust income up to \u00a31,000\n\n| Type of income | Tax rate |\n\n| Dividend-type income | 7.5% |\n\n| All other income | 20% |\n\n## Trust income over \u00a31,000\n\n| Type of income | Tax rate |\n\n| Dividend-type income | 38.1% |\n\n| All other income | 45% |\n\n## Dividends\n\nTrustees do not qualify for the dividend allowance. This means trustees pay tax on all dividends depending on the tax band they fall within.\n\n## Interest in possession trusts\n\nThe trustees are responsible for paying Income Tax at the rates below.\n\n| Type of income | Income Tax rate |\n\n| Dividend-type income | 7.5% |\n\n| All other income | 20% |\n\nSometimes the trustees \u2018mandate\u2019 income to the beneficiary. This means it goes to them directly instead of being passed through the trustees.\n\nIf this happens, the beneficiary needs to include this on their Self Assessment tax return and pay tax on it.\n\n## Bare trusts\n\nIf you\u2019re the beneficiary of a bare trust you\u2019re responsible for paying tax on income from it.\n\nYou need to tell HMRC about the income on a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register for self-assessment by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.\n\n## Settlor-interested trusts\n\nThe settlor is responsible for Income Tax on these trusts, even if some of the income is not paid out to them. However, the Income Tax is paid by the trustees as they receive the income.\n\n- The trustees pay Income Tax on the trust income by filling out a Trust and Estate Tax Return.\n\n- They give the settlor a statement of all the income and the rates of tax charged on it.\n\n- The settlor tells HMRC about the tax the trustees have paid on their behalf on a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nThe rate of Income Tax depends on what type of trust the settlor-interested trust is.\n\n## Other types of trust\n\nThere are special tax rules for parental trusts for children, trusts for vulnerable people and trusts where the trustees are not resident in the UK for tax purposes. These are called non-resident trusts.\n\n## If you\u2019re the beneficiary\n\nDepending on the type of trust and your income, you might be able to claim some of the Income Tax back.\n\n## If you\u2019re the trustee\n\nGet help completing the Trust and Estate Tax return.\n\n## If you need more help\n\nThere\u2019s more detailed guidance on trusts and Income Tax.\n\nContact HMRC or get professional tax advice if you need help.\n\n## Trusts and Capital Gains Tax\n\nCapital Gains Tax is a tax on the profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when something (an \u2018asset\u2019) that\u2019s increased in value is taken out of or put into a trust.\n\n## When Capital Gains Tax might be payable\n\n## If assets are put into a trust\n\nTax is paid by either the person:\n\n- selling the asset to the trust\n\n- transferring the asset (the \u2018settlor\u2019)\n\n## If assets are taken out of a trust\n\nThe trustees usually have to pay the tax if they sell or transfer assets on behalf of the beneficiary.\n\nThere\u2019s no tax to pay in bare trusts if the assets are transferred to the beneficiary.\n\nSometimes an asset might be transferred to someone else but Capital Gains Tax is not payable. This happens when someone dies and an \u2018interest in possession\u2019 ends.\n\n## A beneficiary gets some or all of the assets in a trust\n\nSometimes the beneficiary of a trust becomes \u2018absolutely entitled\u2019 and can tell the trustees what to do with the assets, for example when they reach a certain age.\n\nIn this case, the trustees pay Capital Gains Tax based on the assets\u2019 market value when the beneficiary became entitled to them.\n\n## Non-UK resident trusts\n\nThe rules for Capital Gains Tax on non-UK resident trusts are complicated. You can get help with your tax.\n\n## Working out total gains\n\nTrustees need to work out the total taxable gain to know if they have to pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\n## Allowable costs\n\nTrustees can deduct costs to reduce gains, including:\n\n- the cost of the property (including any administration fees)\n\n- professional fees, for example for a solicitor or stockbroker\n\n- the cost of improving property or land to increase its value, for example building a conservatory (but not repairs or regular maintenance)\n\n## Tax reliefs\n\nTrustees might be able to reduce or delay the amount of tax the trust pays if gains are eligible for tax relief.\n\n| Relief | Description |\n\n| Private Residence Relief | Trustees pay no Capital Gains Tax when they sell a property the trust owns. It must be the main residence for someone allowed to live there under the rules of the trust. |\n\n| Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief | Trustees pay 10% Capital Gains Tax on qualifying gains if they sell assets used in a beneficiary\u2019s business, which has now ended. They may also get relief when they sell shares in a company where the beneficiary had at least 5% of shares and voting rights. |\n\n| Hold-Over Relief | Trustees pay no tax if they transfer assets to beneficiaries (or other trustees in some cases). The recipient pays tax when they sell or dispose of the assets, unless they also claim relief. |\n\n## Tax-free allowance\n\nTrustees only have to pay Capital Gains Tax if the total taxable gain is above the trust\u2019s tax-free allowance (called the Annual Exempt Amount).\n\nThe tax-free allowance for trusts is:\n\n- \u00a36,150\n\n- \u00a312,300 if the beneficiary is vulnerable - a disabled person or a child whose parent has died\n\nIf there\u2019s more than one beneficiary, the higher allowance may apply even if only one of them is vulnerable.\n\nSee tax-free allowances for previous years.\n\nThe tax-free allowance may be reduced if the trust\u2019s settlor has set up more than one trust (\u2018settlement\u2019) since 6 June 1978.\n\nThere\u2019s more detailed information about Capital Gains Tax and Self Assessment for trusts.\n\n## Report gains to HMRC\n\nIf you\u2019re the trustee, report any gains as part of your Trust and Estate Tax Return.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to download and fill in form SA905 if you\u2019re sending your tax return by post.\n\nIf you\u2019re the beneficiary, you need to report and pay through a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nThe rules are different for reporting a loss.\n\n## If you need more help\n\nThere\u2019s more detailed guidance on Capital Gains Tax.\n\nContact HMRC or get professional tax advice if you need help.\n\n## Trusts and Inheritance Tax\n\nInheritance Tax may have to be paid on a person\u2019s estate (their money and possessions) when they die.\n\nInheritance Tax is due at 40% on anything above the threshold - but there\u2019s a reduced rate of 36% if the person\u2019s will leaves more than 10% of their estate to charity.\n\nInheritance Tax can also apply when you\u2019re alive if you transfer some of your estate into a trust.\n\n## When Inheritance Tax is due\n\nThe main situations when Inheritance Tax is due are:\n\n- when assets are transferred into a trust\n\n- when a trust reaches a 10-year anniversary of when it was set up (there are 10-yearly Inheritance Tax charges)\n\n- when assets are transferred out of a trust (known as \u2018exit charges\u2019) or the trust ends\n\n- when someone dies and a trust is involved when sorting out their estate\n\n## What you pay Inheritance Tax on\n\nYou pay Inheritance Tax on \u2018relevant property\u2019 - assets like money, shares, houses or land. This includes the assets in most trusts.\n\nThere are some occasions where you may not have to pay Inheritance Tax - for example where the trust contains excluded property.\n\n## Special rules\n\nSome types of trust are treated differently for Inheritance Tax purposes.\n\n## Bare trusts\n\nThese are where the assets in a trust are held in the name of a trustee but go directly to the beneficiary, who has a right to both the assets and income of the trust.\n\nTransfers into a bare trust may also be exempt from Inheritance Tax, as long as the person making the transfer survives for 7 years after making the transfer.\n\n## Interest in possession trusts\n\nThese are trusts where the beneficiary is entitled to trust income as it\u2019s produced - this is called their \u2018interest in possession\u2019.\n\nOn assets transferred into this type of trust before 22 March 2006, there\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay.\n\nOn assets transferred on or after 22 March 2006, the 10-yearly Inheritance Tax charge may be due.\n\nDuring the life of the trust there\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay as long as the asset stays in the trust and remains the \u2018interest\u2019 of the beneficiary.\n\nBetween 22 March 2006 and 5 October 2008:\n\n- beneficiaries of an interest in possession trust could pass on their interest in possession to other beneficiaries, like their children\n\n- this was called making a \u2018transitional serial interest\u2019\n\n- there\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay in this situation\n\nFrom 5 October 2008:\n\n- beneficiaries of an interest in possession trust cannot pass their interest on as a transitional serial interest\n\n- if an interest is transferred after this date there may be a charge of 20% and a 10-yearly Inheritance Tax charge will be payable unless it\u2019s a disabled trust\n\nIf you inherit an interest in possession trust from someone who has died, there\u2019s no Inheritance Tax at the 10-year anniversary. Instead, 40% tax will be due when you die.\n\n## If the trust is set up by a will\n\nSomeone might ask that some or all of their assets are put into a trust. This is called a \u2018will trust\u2019.\n\nThe personal representative of the deceased person has to make sure that the trust is properly set up with all taxes paid, and the trustees make sure that Inheritance Tax is paid on any future charges.\n\n## If the deceased transferred assets into a trust before they died\n\nIf you\u2019re valuing the estate of someone who has died, you\u2019ll need to find out whether they made any transfers in the 7 years before they died. If they did, and they paid 20% Inheritance Tax, you\u2019ll need to pay an extra 20% from the estate.\n\nEven if no Inheritance Tax was due on the transfer, you still have to add its value to the person\u2019s estate when you\u2019re valuing it for Inheritance Tax purposes.\n\n## Trusts for bereaved minors\n\nA bereaved minor is a person under 18 who has lost at least one parent or step-parent. Where a trust is set up for a bereaved minor, there are no Inheritance Tax charges if:\n\n- the assets in the trust are set aside just for bereaved minor\n\n- they become fully entitled to the assets by the age of 18\n\nA trust for a bereaved young person can also be set up as an 18 to 25 trust - the 10-yearly charges do not apply. However, the main differences are:\n\n- the beneficiary must become fully entitled to the assets in the trust by the age of 25\n\n- when the beneficiary is aged between 18 and 25, Inheritance Tax exit charges may apply\n\n## Trusts for disabled beneficiaries\n\nThere\u2019s no 10-yearly charge or exit charge on this type of trust as long as the asset stays in the trust and remains the \u2018interest\u2019 of the beneficiary.\n\nYou also do not have to pay Inheritance Tax on the transfer of assets into a trust for a disabled person as long as the person making the transfer survives for 7 years after making the transfer.\n\n## Paying Inheritance Tax\n\nYou pay Inheritance Tax using form IHT100.\n\nIf you\u2019re valuing the estate of someone who\u2019s died, you may have to value other assets apart from trusts to see if Inheritance Tax is due.\n\n## More help and information\n\nThere\u2019s more detailed guidance on trusts and Inheritance Tax.\n\nContact HMRC or get professional tax advice if you need help.\n\n## Beneficiaries - paying and reclaiming tax on trusts\n\nIf you\u2019re a trust beneficiary there are different rules depending on the type of trust. You might have to pay tax through Self Assessment or you might be entitled to a tax refund.\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return and need to, you must register for Self Assessment by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.\n\nRead the information on the different types of trust to understand the main differences between them. If you\u2019re not sure what type of trust you have, ask the trustees.\n\nIf you\u2019re the beneficiary of a bare trust you are responsible for declaring and paying tax on its income. Do this on a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return and need to, you must register for Self Assessment by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.\n\n## Interest in possession trusts\n\nIf you\u2019re the beneficiary of this type of trust, you\u2019re entitled to its income (after expenses) as it arises.\n\nIf you ask for a statement, the trustees must tell you:\n\n- the different sources of income\n\n- how much income you\u2019ve been given\n\n- how much tax has been paid on the income\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get income sent through the trustees, but they might pass it to you directly without paying tax first. If this happens you need to include it on your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return you must register for Self Assessment by 5 October the year after you were given the income.\n\n## If you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer\n\nYou will not owe any extra tax. You\u2019ll still need to complete a Self Assessment tax return to show the income you receive from an interest in possession trust but you will get a credit for the tax paid by the trustees. This means the income is not taxed twice.\n\n## If you\u2019re a higher rate taxpayer\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay extra tax on the difference between what tax the trustees have paid and what you, as a higher rate taxpayer, are liable for. This will be calculated when you do your Self Assessment.\n\n## How to reclaim tax\n\nYou can reclaim tax paid on:\n\n- dividends (if you\u2019re entitled to dividend allowance)\n\n- savings interest (if you\u2019re entitled to personal savings allowance)\n\n- trade and property income (if you\u2019re entitled to trading allowance or property allowance)\n\nThe allowance amount will be reduced if it\u2019s already been used against some income. The allowance you have left is called the \u2018available allowance\u2019.\n\nIf the amount of income you receive is less than or equal to the available allowance, you can reclaim all of the tax paid.\n\nIf the amount of income you receive is more than the available allowance, you can only claim the tax paid on the available allowance.\n\nIf you\u2019re a Self Assessment taxpayer the repayment will be calculated as part of your return.\n\nIf you\u2019re not a Self Assessment taxpayer you can reclaim the tax using form R40.\n\nYou need to make a separate claim for each tax year.\n\n## Accumulation or discretionary trusts\n\nWith these trusts all income received by beneficiaries is treated as though it has already been taxed at 45%. If you\u2019re an additional rate taxpayer there will be no more tax to pay.\n\nYou may be able to claim tax back on trust income you\u2019ve received if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a non-taxpayer\n\n- you pay tax at the basic rate of 20%\n\n- you pay tax at the higher rate of 40%\n\nYou can reclaim the tax paid using form R40. If you complete a tax return, you can claim through Self Assessment.\n\n## Settlor-interested discretionary trusts\n\nIf a settlor-interested trust is a discretionary trust, payments made to the settlor\u2019s spouse or civil partner are treated as though they\u2019ve already been taxed at 45%. There\u2019s no more tax to pay. However, unlike payments made from other types of trusts, the tax credit cannot be claimed back.\n\n## Non-resident trusts\n\nThis is a trust where the trustees are not resident in the UK for tax purposes. The tax rules for this type of trust are very complicated - there\u2019s detailed guidance on non-resident trusts.\n\n## If a pension scheme pays into a trust\n\nWhen a pension scheme pays a taxable lump sum into a trust after the pension holder dies, the payment is taxed at 45%.\n\nIf you\u2019re a beneficiary and receive a payment funded by this lump sum, you\u2019ll also be taxed.\n\nYou can claim back tax paid on the original lump sum - do this on your Self Assessment tax return if you complete one, or using form R40.\n\nThe trust will tell you the amount you need to report - this will normally be more than the amount you actually receive.\n\n## Trustees - tax responsibilities\n\nAs the trustee, you\u2019re responsible for reporting and paying tax on behalf of the trust.\n\nIf there are 2 or more trustees, nominate one as the \u2018principal acting trustee\u2019 to manage its tax. The other trustees are still accountable, and can be charged tax and interest if the trust does not pay.\n\n## Registering a trust\n\nOnce a trust becomes liable for tax, you must register the trust with HM Revenue and Customs.\n\n## Sending tax returns\n\nYou must report the trust\u2019s income and gains in a trust and estate Self Assessment tax return after the end of each tax year. You can either:\n\n- buy software to send it electronically by 31 January\n\n- fill in paper form SA900 and post it to HMRC by 31 October (3 months earlier)\n\nYou can also get help, for example from HMRC or by getting an accountant to do your return for you.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve sent your return, HMRC will tell you how much you owe. You\u2019ll need to pay your Self Assessment bill by the deadline.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to collect and keep records (for example bank statements) to complete your tax return.\n\n## Telling beneficiaries about tax and income\n\nYou must give the beneficiary a statement with the amount of income and tax paid by the trust, if they ask. You can use form R185 (trust) to do this. There\u2019s a different form if you need to provide a statement to a settlor who retains an interest.\n\nIf there\u2019s more than one beneficiary, you must give each of them this information relative to the amount they receive.\n\n## Death benefit payments from a pension scheme\n\nYou must give the beneficiary extra information if both the following apply:\n\n- you make a payment funded by a taxable lump sum from a pension scheme\n\n- the pension holder has died\n\nUse form R185 (LSDB) if you\u2019re a trustee. There\u2019s a different form if you\u2019re a pension administrator.\n\nYou must tell the beneficiary within 30 days.\n\n## Other responsibilities\n\nYou may have to report other things to HMRC. You need to:\n\n- use the online service to tell HMRC if there are any changes to the trust\n\n- fill in form IHT100 when the trust needs to pay Inheritance Tax\n\nYour other responsibilities as a trustee depend on the type of trust and any instructions from the person who set up the trust in the trust deed.\n\n## When you must register a trust\n\nYou must register your trust with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if it becomes liable for any of the following:\n\n- Capital Gains Tax\n\n- Income Tax\n\n- Inheritance Tax\n\n- Stamp Duty Land Tax or Land and Buildings Transaction Tax in Scotland\n\n- Stamp Duty Reserve Tax\n\nYou must also register a trust to claim tax relief.\n\n## Non-resident trusts\n\nYou must register a non-resident trust if it becomes liable for:\n\n- tax on UK income\n\n- tax on UK assets\n\nYou can get professional advice from a solicitor or tax advisor about registering a trust.\n\n## When you do not need to register your trust\n\nYou do not need to register your trust if:\n\n- it has to pay Income Tax of less than \u00a3100 on interest\n\n- only the settlor or beneficiary of the trust has to pay tax\n\n- it\u2019s a bare trust\n\n- it\u2019s a charitable trust\n\n- it\u2019s a resulting trust and the assets go back to the settlor because all the beneficiaries have died\n\n- it\u2019s a statutory trust created through legislation\n\n- it\u2019s a constructive trust imposed by a court\n\n- it holds a pension scheme already registered with HMRC\n\nYou also do not need to register your trust if you have to file information:\n\n- under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA)\n\n- for Common Reporting Standard (CRS) purposes\n\n## Deadlines for registering\n\nThe deadline depends on the tax your trust is liable for.\n\n## Trusts liable for Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax\n\nIf it\u2019s the first time your trust is liable for either tax, the deadline is 5 October in the tax year after it first becomes liable for these taxes.\n\nFor example, if your trust first becomes liable for Income Tax during the 2020 to 2021 tax year, you must register by 5 October 2021.\n\nIf your trust has been liable for either tax before, the deadline is 31 January in the tax year after it\u2019s again liable for these taxes.\n\nFor example, if your trust is liable for Income Tax during the 2020 to 2021 tax year and it has been liable for Income Tax before, you must register by 31 January 2022.\n\n## Trusts liable for other taxes\n\nYou must register by 31 January in the tax year after the one in which the trust is liable for any of the following:\n\n- Inheritance Tax\n\n- Stamp Duty Land Tax or Land and Buildings Transaction Tax in Scotland\n\n- Stamp Duty Reserve Tax\n\nYou must register by the earlier deadline if your trust is liable for more than one tax and both deadlines apply.\n\n## How to register\n\nHow you register a trust depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- a trustee\n\n- an agent registering a trust for a client\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you need to register an estate of someone who\u2019s died.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A trust is a way of managing assets (money, investments, land or buildings) for people. There are different types of trusts and they are taxed differently.

    ", + "

    Trusts involve:

    ", + "
  • the \u2018settlor\u2019 - the person who puts assets into a trust
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018trustee\u2019 - the person who manages the trust
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018beneficiary\u2019 - the person who benefits from the trust
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    What trusts are for

    ", + "

    Trusts are set up for a number of reasons, including:

    ", + "
  • to control and protect family assets
    • ", + "
  • when someone\u2019s too young to handle their affairs
    • ", + "
  • when someone cannot handle their affairs because they\u2019re incapacitated
    • ", + "
  • to pass on assets while you\u2019re still alive
    • ", + "
  • to pass on assets when you die (a \u2018will trust\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • under the rules of inheritance if someone dies without a will (in England and Wales)
    • ", + "

    What the settlor does

    ", + "

    The settlor decides how the assets in a trust should be used - this is usually set out in a document called the \u2018trust deed\u2019.

    ", + "

    Sometimes the settlor can also benefit from the assets in a trust - this is called a \u2018settlor-interested\u2019 trust and has special tax rules. Find out more by reading the information on different types of trust.

    ", + "

    What trustees do

    ", + "

    The trustees are the legal owners of the assets held in a trust. Their role is to:

    ", + "
  • deal with the assets according to the settlor\u2019s wishes, as set out in the trust deed or their will
    • ", + "
  • manage the trust on a day-to-day basis and pay any tax due
    • ", + "
  • decide how to invest or use the trust\u2019s assets
    • ", + "

    If the trustees change, the trust can still continue, but there always has to be at least one trustee.

    ", + "

    Beneficiaries

    ", + "

    There might be more than one beneficiary, like a whole family or defined group of people. They may benefit from:

    ", + "
  • the income of a trust only, for example from renting out a house held in a trust
    • ", + "
  • the capital only, for example getting shares held in a trust when they reach a certain age
    • ", + "
  • both the income and capital of the trust
    • ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    Contact a solicitor or tax advisor. They can also talk to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on your behalf if you give them permission.

    ", + "

    You can also get help from the Society of Trust and Estate Practitioners.

    ", + "

    Types of trust

    ", + "

    The main types of trust are:

    ", + "
  • bare trusts
    • ", + "
  • interest in possession trusts
    • ", + "
  • discretionary trusts
    • ", + "
  • accumulation trusts
    • ", + "
  • mixed trusts
    • ", + "
  • settlor-interested trusts
    • ", + "
  • non-resident trusts
    • ", + "

    Each type of trust is taxed differently. Trusts involve a \u2018trustee\u2019, \u2018settlor\u2019 and \u2018beneficiary\u2019.

    ", + "

    Bare trusts

    ", + "

    Assets in a bare trust are held in the name of a trustee. However, the beneficiary has the right to all of the capital and income of the trust at any time if they\u2019re 18 or over (in England and Wales), or 16 or over (in Scotland). This means the assets set aside by the settlor will always go directly to the intended beneficiary.

    ", + "

    Bare trusts are often used to pass assets to young people - the trustees look after them until the beneficiary is old enough.

    ", + "

    Interest in possession trusts

    ", + "

    These are trusts where the trustee must pass on all trust income to the beneficiary as it arises (less any expenses).

    ", + "

    Discretionary trusts

    ", + "

    These are where the trustees can make certain decisions about how to use the trust income, and sometimes the capital.

    ", + "

    Depending on the trust deed, trustees can decide:

    ", + "
  • what gets paid out (income or capital)
    • ", + "
  • which beneficiary to make payments to
    • ", + "
  • how often payments are made
    • ", + "
  • any conditions to impose on the beneficiaries
    • ", + "

    Discretionary trusts are sometimes set up to put assets aside for:

    ", + "
  • a future need, like a grandchild who may need more financial help than other beneficiaries at some point in their life
    • ", + "
  • beneficiaries who are not capable or responsible enough to deal with money themselves
    • ", + "

    Accumulation trusts

    ", + "

    This is where the trustees can accumulate income within the trust and add it to the trust\u2019s capital. They may also be able to pay income out, as with discretionary trusts.

    ", + "

    Mixed trusts

    ", + "

    These are a combination of more than one type of trust. The different parts of the trust are treated according to the tax rules that apply to each part.

    ", + "

    Settlor-interested trusts

    ", + "

    These are where the settlor or their spouse or civil partner benefits from the trust. The trust could be:

    ", + "
  • an interest in possession trust
    • ", + "
  • an accumulation trust
    • ", + "
  • a discretionary trust
    • ", + "

    Non-resident trusts

    ", + "

    This is a trust where the trustees are not resident in the UK for tax purposes. The tax rules for non-resident trusts are very complicated.

    ", + "

    Parental trusts for children

    ", + "

    These are trusts set up by parents for children under 18 who have never been married or in a civil partnership. They\u2019re not a type of trust in their own right but will be either:

    ", + "
  • a bare trust
    • ", + "
  • an interest in possession trust
    • ", + "
  • an accumulation trust
    • ", + "
  • a discretionary trust
    • ", + "

    Read the information on types of trust to find out more.

    ", + "

    Income Tax

    ", + "

    Income Tax on income from the trust is paid by the trustees, but the \u2018settlor\u2019 is responsible for it. This means:

    ", + "
  • The trustees pay Income Tax on the trust income by filling out a Trust and Estate Tax Return.
    • ", + "
  • They give the settlor a statement of all the income and the rates of tax charged on it.
    • ", + "
  • The settlor tells HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about the tax the trustees have paid on their behalf when filling out their Self Assessment tax return.
    • ", + "

    Trusts for vulnerable people

    ", + "

    Some trusts for disabled people or children get special tax treatment. These are called \u2018trusts for vulnerable beneficiaries\u2019.

    ", + "

    Who qualifies as a vulnerable beneficiary

    ", + "

    A vulnerable beneficiary is either someone under 18 whose parent has died or a disabled person who is eligible for any of the following benefits (even if they do not receive them):

    ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance (either the care component at the highest or middle rate, or the mobility component at the higher rate)
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • an increased disablement pension
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • ", + "

    A vulnerable beneficiary can also be someone who is unable to manage their own affairs because of a mental health condition - check with a medical professional that it\u2019s covered by the Mental Health Act 1983.

    ", + "

    Trusts that qualify for special tax treatment

    ", + "

    A trust does not qualify for special Income Tax treatment if the person setting it up can benefit from the trust income. However, from 2008 to 2009 it would qualify for special Capital Gains Tax treatment.

    ", + "

    Trusts for children who\u2019ve lost a parent are usually set up by the parent\u2019s will, or by special rules of inheritance if there\u2019s no will.

    ", + "

    If someone dies without a will in Scotland, a trust set up there for their children is usually treated as a bare trust for tax purposes.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one beneficiary

    ", + "

    If there are beneficiaries who are not vulnerable, the assets and income for the vulnerable beneficiary must be:

    ", + "
  • identified and kept separate
    • ", + "
  • used only for that person
    • ", + "

    Only that part of the trust gets special tax treatment.

    ", + "

    Claiming special tax treatment

    ", + "

    To claim special treatment for Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax, the trustees have to fill in the \u2018Vulnerable Person Election\u2019 form.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one vulnerable beneficiary, each needs a separate form.

    ", + "

    The trustees and beneficiary must both sign the form.

    ", + "

    If the vulnerable person dies or is no longer vulnerable, the trustees must tell HMRC.

    ", + "

    Income Tax

    ", + "

    In a trust with a vulnerable beneficiary, the trustees are entitled to a deduction of Income Tax. It\u2019s calculated like this:

    ", + "
  • Trustees work out what their trust Income Tax would be if there was no claim for special treatment - this will vary according to which type of trust it is.
    • ", + "
  • They then work out what Income Tax the vulnerable person would have paid if the trust income had been paid directly to them as an individual.
    • ", + "
  • They can then claim the difference between these 2 figures as a deduction from their own Income Tax liability.
    • ", + "

    This is a complicated calculation but there\u2019s a detailed worked example on the HMRC website.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax may be due if assets are sold, given away, exchanged or transferred in another way and they\u2019ve gone up in value since being put into trust.

    ", + "

    Tax is only paid by trustees if the assets have increased in value above the \u2018annual exempt amount\u2019, which is an allowance of \u00a312,300 for people who have a mental or physical disability, or \u00a36,150 for other trustees.

    ", + "

    Trustees are responsible for paying any Capital Gains Tax due. If the trust is for vulnerable people, trustees can claim a reduction, which is calculated like this:

    ", + "
  • They work out what they would pay if there was no reduction.
    • ", + "
  • They then work out what the beneficiary would have to pay if the gains had come directly to them.
    • ", + "
  • They can claim the difference between these 2 amounts as a reduction on what they have to pay in Capital Gains Tax using form SA905.
    • ", + "

    This special Capital Gains Tax treatment does not apply in the tax year when the beneficiary dies.

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    These are the situations when trusts for vulnerable people get special Inheritance Tax treatment:

    ", + "
  • for a disabled person whose trust was set up before 8 April 2013 - at least half of the payments from the trust must go to the disabled person during their lifetime
    • ", + "
  • for a disabled person whose trust was set up on or after 8 April 2013 - all payments must go to the disabled person, except for up to \u00a33,000 per year (or 3% of the assets, if that\u2019s lower), which can be used for someone else\u2019s benefit
    • ", + "
  • when someone who has a condition that\u2019s expected to make them disabled sets up a trust for themselves
    • ", + "
  • for a bereaved minor - they must take all the assets and income at (or before becoming) 18
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s no Inheritance Tax charge:

    ", + "
  • if the person who set up the trust survives 7 years from the date they set it up
    • ", + "
  • on transfers made out of a trust to a vulnerable beneficiary
    • ", + "

    When the beneficiary dies, any assets held in the trust on their behalf are treated as part of their estate and Inheritance Tax may be charged.

    ", + "

    Trusts usually have 10-year Inheritance Tax charges, but trusts with vulnerable beneficiaries are exempt.

    ", + "

    Trusts and Income Tax

    ", + "

    Different types of trust income have different rates of Income Tax.

    ", + "

    Each type of trust is taxed differently. Trusts involve a \u2018trustee\u2019, \u2018settlor\u2019 and \u2018beneficiary\u2019.

    ", + "

    Accumulation or discretionary trusts

    ", + "

    Trustees are responsible for paying tax on income received by accumulation or discretionary trusts. The first \u00a31,000 is taxed at the standard rate.

    ", + "

    If the settlor has more than one trust, this \u00a31,000 is divided by the number of trusts they have. However, if the settlor has set up 5 or more trusts, the standard rate band for each trust is \u00a3200.

    ", + "

    The tax rates are below.

    ", + "

    Trust income up to \u00a31,000

    ", + "Type of income | Tax rate", + "Dividend-type income | 7.5%", + "All other income | 20%", + "

    Trust income over \u00a31,000

    ", + "Type of income | Tax rate", + "Dividend-type income | 38.1%", + "All other income | 45%", + "

    Dividends

    ", + "

    Trustees do not qualify for the dividend allowance. This means trustees pay tax on all dividends depending on the tax band they fall within.

    ", + "

    Interest in possession trusts

    ", + "

    The trustees are responsible for paying Income Tax at the rates below.

    ", + "Type of income | Income Tax rate", + "Dividend-type income | 7.5%", + "All other income | 20%", + "

    Sometimes the trustees \u2018mandate\u2019 income to the beneficiary. This means it goes to them directly instead of being passed through the trustees.

    ", + "

    If this happens, the beneficiary needs to include this on their Self Assessment tax return and pay tax on it.

    ", + "

    Bare trusts

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the beneficiary of a bare trust you\u2019re responsible for paying tax on income from it.

    ", + "

    You need to tell HMRC about the income on a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register for self-assessment by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.

    ", + "

    Settlor-interested trusts

    ", + "

    The settlor is responsible for Income Tax on these trusts, even if some of the income is not paid out to them. However, the Income Tax is paid by the trustees as they receive the income.

    ", + "
  • The trustees pay Income Tax on the trust income by filling out a Trust and Estate Tax Return.
    • ", + "
  • They give the settlor a statement of all the income and the rates of tax charged on it.
    • ", + "
  • The settlor tells HMRC about the tax the trustees have paid on their behalf on a Self Assessment tax return.
    • ", + "

    The rate of Income Tax depends on what type of trust the settlor-interested trust is.

    ", + "

    Other types of trust

    ", + "

    There are special tax rules for parental trusts for children, trusts for vulnerable people and trusts where the trustees are not resident in the UK for tax purposes. These are called non-resident trusts.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the beneficiary

    ", + "

    Depending on the type of trust and your income, you might be able to claim some of the Income Tax back.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the trustee

    ", + "

    Get help completing the Trust and Estate Tax return.

    ", + "

    If you need more help

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detailed guidance on trusts and Income Tax.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC or get professional tax advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    Trusts and Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax is a tax on the profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when something (an \u2018asset\u2019) that\u2019s increased in value is taken out of or put into a trust.

    ", + "

    When Capital Gains Tax might be payable

    ", + "

    If assets are put into a trust

    ", + "

    Tax is paid by either the person:

    ", + "
  • selling the asset to the trust
    • ", + "
  • transferring the asset (the \u2018settlor\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If assets are taken out of a trust

    ", + "

    The trustees usually have to pay the tax if they sell or transfer assets on behalf of the beneficiary.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no tax to pay in bare trusts if the assets are transferred to the beneficiary.

    ", + "

    Sometimes an asset might be transferred to someone else but Capital Gains Tax is not payable. This happens when someone dies and an \u2018interest in possession\u2019 ends.

    ", + "

    A beneficiary gets some or all of the assets in a trust

    ", + "

    Sometimes the beneficiary of a trust becomes \u2018absolutely entitled\u2019 and can tell the trustees what to do with the assets, for example when they reach a certain age.

    ", + "

    In this case, the trustees pay Capital Gains Tax based on the assets\u2019 market value when the beneficiary became entitled to them.

    ", + "

    Non-UK resident trusts

    ", + "

    The rules for Capital Gains Tax on non-UK resident trusts are complicated. You can get help with your tax.

    ", + "

    Working out total gains

    ", + "

    Trustees need to work out the total taxable gain to know if they have to pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    Allowable costs

    ", + "

    Trustees can deduct costs to reduce gains, including:

    ", + "
  • the cost of the property (including any administration fees)
    • ", + "
  • professional fees, for example for a solicitor or stockbroker
    • ", + "
  • the cost of improving property or land to increase its value, for example building a conservatory (but not repairs or regular maintenance)
    • ", + "

    Tax reliefs

    ", + "

    Trustees might be able to reduce or delay the amount of tax the trust pays if gains are eligible for tax relief.

    ", + "Relief | Description", + "Private Residence Relief | Trustees pay no Capital Gains Tax when they sell a property the trust owns. It must be the main residence for someone allowed to live there under the rules of the trust.", + "Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief | Trustees pay 10% Capital Gains Tax on qualifying gains if they sell assets used in a beneficiary\u2019s business, which has now ended. They may also get relief when they sell shares in a company where the beneficiary had at least 5% of shares and voting rights.", + "Hold-Over Relief | Trustees pay no tax if they transfer assets to beneficiaries (or other trustees in some cases). The recipient pays tax when they sell or dispose of the assets, unless they also claim relief.", + "

    Tax-free allowance

    ", + "

    Trustees only have to pay Capital Gains Tax if the total taxable gain is above the trust\u2019s tax-free allowance (called the Annual Exempt Amount).

    ", + "

    The tax-free allowance for trusts is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a36,150
    • ", + "
  • \u00a312,300 if the beneficiary is vulnerable - a disabled person or a child whose parent has died
    • ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one beneficiary, the higher allowance may apply even if only one of them is vulnerable.

    ", + "

    See tax-free allowances for previous years.

    ", + "

    The tax-free allowance may be reduced if the trust\u2019s settlor has set up more than one trust (\u2018settlement\u2019) since 6 June 1978.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detailed information about Capital Gains Tax and Self Assessment for trusts.

    ", + "

    Report gains to HMRC

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the trustee, report any gains as part of your Trust and Estate Tax Return.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to download and fill in form SA905 if you\u2019re sending your tax return by post.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the beneficiary, you need to report and pay through a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    The rules are different for reporting a loss.

    ", + "

    If you need more help

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detailed guidance on Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC or get professional tax advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    Trusts and Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax may have to be paid on a person\u2019s estate (their money and possessions) when they die.

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax is due at 40% on anything above the threshold - but there\u2019s a reduced rate of 36% if the person\u2019s will leaves more than 10% of their estate to charity.

    ", + "

    Inheritance Tax can also apply when you\u2019re alive if you transfer some of your estate into a trust.

    ", + "

    When Inheritance Tax is due

    ", + "

    The main situations when Inheritance Tax is due are:

    ", + "
  • when assets are transferred into a trust
    • ", + "
  • when a trust reaches a 10-year anniversary of when it was set up (there are 10-yearly Inheritance Tax charges)
    • ", + "
  • when assets are transferred out of a trust (known as \u2018exit charges\u2019) or the trust ends
    • ", + "
  • when someone dies and a trust is involved when sorting out their estate
    • ", + "

    What you pay Inheritance Tax on

    ", + "

    You pay Inheritance Tax on \u2018relevant property\u2019 - assets like money, shares, houses or land. This includes the assets in most trusts.

    ", + "

    There are some occasions where you may not have to pay Inheritance Tax - for example where the trust contains excluded property.

    ", + "

    Special rules

    ", + "

    Some types of trust are treated differently for Inheritance Tax purposes.

    ", + "

    Bare trusts

    ", + "

    These are where the assets in a trust are held in the name of a trustee but go directly to the beneficiary, who has a right to both the assets and income of the trust.

    ", + "

    Transfers into a bare trust may also be exempt from Inheritance Tax, as long as the person making the transfer survives for 7 years after making the transfer.

    ", + "

    Interest in possession trusts

    ", + "

    These are trusts where the beneficiary is entitled to trust income as it\u2019s produced - this is called their \u2018interest in possession\u2019.

    ", + "

    On assets transferred into this type of trust before 22 March 2006, there\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay.

    ", + "

    On assets transferred on or after 22 March 2006, the 10-yearly Inheritance Tax charge may be due.

    ", + "

    During the life of the trust there\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay as long as the asset stays in the trust and remains the \u2018interest\u2019 of the beneficiary.

    ", + "

    Between 22 March 2006 and 5 October 2008:

    ", + "
  • beneficiaries of an interest in possession trust could pass on their interest in possession to other beneficiaries, like their children
    • ", + "
  • this was called making a \u2018transitional serial interest\u2019
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay in this situation
    • ", + "

    From 5 October 2008:

    ", + "
  • beneficiaries of an interest in possession trust cannot pass their interest on as a transitional serial interest
    • ", + "
  • if an interest is transferred after this date there may be a charge of 20% and a 10-yearly Inheritance Tax charge will be payable unless it\u2019s a disabled trust
    • ", + "

    If you inherit an interest in possession trust from someone who has died, there\u2019s no Inheritance Tax at the 10-year anniversary. Instead, 40% tax will be due when you die.

    ", + "

    If the trust is set up by a will

    ", + "

    Someone might ask that some or all of their assets are put into a trust. This is called a \u2018will trust\u2019.

    ", + "

    The personal representative of the deceased person has to make sure that the trust is properly set up with all taxes paid, and the trustees make sure that Inheritance Tax is paid on any future charges.

    ", + "

    If the deceased transferred assets into a trust before they died

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re valuing the estate of someone who has died, you\u2019ll need to find out whether they made any transfers in the 7 years before they died. If they did, and they paid 20% Inheritance Tax, you\u2019ll need to pay an extra 20% from the estate.

    ", + "

    Even if no Inheritance Tax was due on the transfer, you still have to add its value to the person\u2019s estate when you\u2019re valuing it for Inheritance Tax purposes.

    ", + "

    Trusts for bereaved minors

    ", + "

    A bereaved minor is a person under 18 who has lost at least one parent or step-parent. Where a trust is set up for a bereaved minor, there are no Inheritance Tax charges if:

    ", + "
  • the assets in the trust are set aside just for bereaved minor
    • ", + "
  • they become fully entitled to the assets by the age of 18
    • ", + "

    A trust for a bereaved young person can also be set up as an 18 to 25 trust - the 10-yearly charges do not apply. However, the main differences are:

    ", + "
  • the beneficiary must become fully entitled to the assets in the trust by the age of 25
    • ", + "
  • when the beneficiary is aged between 18 and 25, Inheritance Tax exit charges may apply
    • ", + "

    Trusts for disabled beneficiaries

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no 10-yearly charge or exit charge on this type of trust as long as the asset stays in the trust and remains the \u2018interest\u2019 of the beneficiary.

    ", + "

    You also do not have to pay Inheritance Tax on the transfer of assets into a trust for a disabled person as long as the person making the transfer survives for 7 years after making the transfer.

    ", + "

    Paying Inheritance Tax

    ", + "

    You pay Inheritance Tax using form IHT100.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re valuing the estate of someone who\u2019s died, you may have to value other assets apart from trusts to see if Inheritance Tax is due.

    ", + "

    More help and information

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detailed guidance on trusts and Inheritance Tax.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC or get professional tax advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    Beneficiaries - paying and reclaiming tax on trusts

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a trust beneficiary there are different rules depending on the type of trust. You might have to pay tax through Self Assessment or you might be entitled to a tax refund.

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return and need to, you must register for Self Assessment by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.

    ", + "

    Read the information on the different types of trust to understand the main differences between them. If you\u2019re not sure what type of trust you have, ask the trustees.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the beneficiary of a bare trust you are responsible for declaring and paying tax on its income. Do this on a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return and need to, you must register for Self Assessment by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.

    ", + "

    Interest in possession trusts

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the beneficiary of this type of trust, you\u2019re entitled to its income (after expenses) as it arises.

    ", + "

    If you ask for a statement, the trustees must tell you:

    ", + "
  • the different sources of income
    • ", + "
  • how much income you\u2019ve been given
    • ", + "
  • how much tax has been paid on the income
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get income sent through the trustees, but they might pass it to you directly without paying tax first. If this happens you need to include it on your Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return you must register for Self Assessment by 5 October the year after you were given the income.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer

    ", + "

    You will not owe any extra tax. You\u2019ll still need to complete a Self Assessment tax return to show the income you receive from an interest in possession trust but you will get a credit for the tax paid by the trustees. This means the income is not taxed twice.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a higher rate taxpayer

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay extra tax on the difference between what tax the trustees have paid and what you, as a higher rate taxpayer, are liable for. This will be calculated when you do your Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    How to reclaim tax

    ", + "

    You can reclaim tax paid on:

    ", + "
  • dividends (if you\u2019re entitled to dividend allowance)
    • ", + "
  • savings interest (if you\u2019re entitled to personal savings allowance)
    • ", + "
  • trade and property income (if you\u2019re entitled to trading allowance or property allowance)
    • ", + "

    The allowance amount will be reduced if it\u2019s already been used against some income. The allowance you have left is called the \u2018available allowance\u2019.

    ", + "

    If the amount of income you receive is less than or equal to the available allowance, you can reclaim all of the tax paid.

    ", + "

    If the amount of income you receive is more than the available allowance, you can only claim the tax paid on the available allowance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a Self Assessment taxpayer the repayment will be calculated as part of your return.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a Self Assessment taxpayer you can reclaim the tax using form R40.

    ", + "

    You need to make a separate claim for each tax year.

    ", + "

    Accumulation or discretionary trusts

    ", + "

    With these trusts all income received by beneficiaries is treated as though it has already been taxed at 45%. If you\u2019re an additional rate taxpayer there will be no more tax to pay.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax back on trust income you\u2019ve received if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a non-taxpayer
    • ", + "
  • you pay tax at the basic rate of 20%
    • ", + "
  • you pay tax at the higher rate of 40%
    • ", + "

    You can reclaim the tax paid using form R40. If you complete a tax return, you can claim through Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    Settlor-interested discretionary trusts

    ", + "

    If a settlor-interested trust is a discretionary trust, payments made to the settlor\u2019s spouse or civil partner are treated as though they\u2019ve already been taxed at 45%. There\u2019s no more tax to pay. However, unlike payments made from other types of trusts, the tax credit cannot be claimed back.

    ", + "

    Non-resident trusts

    ", + "

    This is a trust where the trustees are not resident in the UK for tax purposes. The tax rules for this type of trust are very complicated - there\u2019s detailed guidance on non-resident trusts.

    ", + "

    If a pension scheme pays into a trust

    ", + "

    When a pension scheme pays a taxable lump sum into a trust after the pension holder dies, the payment is taxed at 45%.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a beneficiary and receive a payment funded by this lump sum, you\u2019ll also be taxed.

    ", + "

    You can claim back tax paid on the original lump sum - do this on your Self Assessment tax return if you complete one, or using form R40.

    ", + "

    The trust will tell you the amount you need to report - this will normally be more than the amount you actually receive.

    ", + "

    Trustees - tax responsibilities

    ", + "

    As the trustee, you\u2019re responsible for reporting and paying tax on behalf of the trust.

    ", + "

    If there are 2 or more trustees, nominate one as the \u2018principal acting trustee\u2019 to manage its tax. The other trustees are still accountable, and can be charged tax and interest if the trust does not pay.

    ", + "

    Registering a trust

    ", + "

    Once a trust becomes liable for tax, you must register the trust with HM Revenue and Customs.

    ", + "

    Sending tax returns

    ", + "

    You must report the trust\u2019s income and gains in a trust and estate Self Assessment tax return after the end of each tax year. You can either:

    ", + "
  • buy software to send it electronically by 31 January
    • ", + "
  • fill in paper form SA900 and post it to HMRC by 31 October (3 months earlier)
    • ", + "

    You can also get help, for example from HMRC or by getting an accountant to do your return for you.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve sent your return, HMRC will tell you how much you owe. You\u2019ll need to pay your Self Assessment bill by the deadline.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to collect and keep records (for example bank statements) to complete your tax return.

    ", + "

    Telling beneficiaries about tax and income

    ", + "

    You must give the beneficiary a statement with the amount of income and tax paid by the trust, if they ask. You can use form R185 (trust) to do this. There\u2019s a different form if you need to provide a statement to a settlor who retains an interest.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s more than one beneficiary, you must give each of them this information relative to the amount they receive.

    ", + "

    Death benefit payments from a pension scheme

    ", + "

    You must give the beneficiary extra information if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you make a payment funded by a taxable lump sum from a pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • the pension holder has died
    • ", + "

    Use form R185 (LSDB) if you\u2019re a trustee. There\u2019s a different form if you\u2019re a pension administrator.

    ", + "

    You must tell the beneficiary within 30 days.

    ", + "

    Other responsibilities

    ", + "

    You may have to report other things to HMRC. You need to:

    ", + "
  • use the online service to tell HMRC if there are any changes to the trust
    • ", + "
  • fill in form IHT100 when the trust needs to pay Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "

    Your other responsibilities as a trustee depend on the type of trust and any instructions from the person who set up the trust in the trust deed.

    ", + "

    When you must register a trust

    ", + "

    You must register your trust with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if it becomes liable for any of the following:

    ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax
    • ", + "
  • Income Tax
    • ", + "
  • Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Land Tax or Land and Buildings Transaction Tax in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Reserve Tax
    • ", + "

    You must also register a trust to claim tax relief.

    ", + "

    Non-resident trusts

    ", + "

    You must register a non-resident trust if it becomes liable for:

    ", + "
  • tax on UK income
    • ", + "
  • tax on UK assets
    • ", + "

    You can get professional advice from a solicitor or tax advisor about registering a trust.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to register your trust

    ", + "

    You do not need to register your trust if:

    ", + "
  • it has to pay Income Tax of less than \u00a3100 on interest
    • ", + "
  • only the settlor or beneficiary of the trust has to pay tax
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a bare trust
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a charitable trust
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a resulting trust and the assets go back to the settlor because all the beneficiaries have died
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a statutory trust created through legislation
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a constructive trust imposed by a court
    • ", + "
  • it holds a pension scheme already registered with HMRC
    • ", + "

    You also do not need to register your trust if you have to file information:

    ", + "
  • under the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act (FATCA)
    • ", + "
  • for Common Reporting Standard (CRS) purposes
    • ", + "

    Deadlines for registering

    ", + "

    The deadline depends on the tax your trust is liable for.

    ", + "

    Trusts liable for Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s the first time your trust is liable for either tax, the deadline is 5 October in the tax year after it first becomes liable for these taxes.

    ", + "

    For example, if your trust first becomes liable for Income Tax during the 2020 to 2021 tax year, you must register by 5 October 2021.

    ", + "

    If your trust has been liable for either tax before, the deadline is 31 January in the tax year after it\u2019s again liable for these taxes.

    ", + "

    For example, if your trust is liable for Income Tax during the 2020 to 2021 tax year and it has been liable for Income Tax before, you must register by 31 January 2022.

    ", + "

    Trusts liable for other taxes

    ", + "

    You must register by 31 January in the tax year after the one in which the trust is liable for any of the following:

    ", + "
  • Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Land Tax or Land and Buildings Transaction Tax in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Reserve Tax
    • ", + "

    You must register by the earlier deadline if your trust is liable for more than one tax and both deadlines apply.

    ", + "

    How to register

    ", + "

    How you register a trust depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a trustee
    • ", + "
  • an agent registering a trust for a client
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you need to register an estate of someone who\u2019s died.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/apply-to-bankrupt-someone": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-to-bankrupt-someone", + "title": "Apply to bankrupt someone who owes you money", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou have to present a bankruptcy petition to a court if you want to bankrupt someone because they owe you money.\n\nThere are also other ways to recover money you\u2019re owed.\n\nA bankruptcy petition is an application to the court for someone\u2019s assets to be taken and sold to pay their debts.\n\nPresenting a petition can be complicated. Most people use a solicitor or other professional to help them.\n\nUsing a mediation service could be quicker and cheaper. Mediation is when an impartial person helps 2 sides work out an agreement.\n\nYou can contact the Insolvency Service if you have questions about making someone bankrupt.\n\n## How to present a petition\n\n- Prove you\u2019re owed at least \u00a35,000 or a share of debts totalling at least \u00a35,000.\n\n- Check for other bankruptcy petitions against the person who owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019).\n\n- Fill in the forms and deliver them to the court.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe court fees to make someone bankrupt are:\n\n- \u00a3990 petition deposit (for managing the bankruptcy)\n\n- \u00a3280 for court costs\n\nPay the fees using cash, postal order or a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019. You can pay by credit or debit card if you apply online.\n\n## Prove you're owed \u00a35,000 or more\n\nTo make someone bankrupt you must be owed one of the following:\n\n- at least \u00a35,000\n\n- a share of debts that total at least \u00a35,000\n\nYou must provide evidence to the court that you\u2019re owed this money. There are 2 ways to do this.\n\nIf you\u2019ve issued a statutory demand (a request for payment) to the debtor, confirm that you did this by filling in a certificate of service (form N215).\n\nAlternatively, get a sheriff\u2019s or bailiff\u2019s statement showing:\n\n- you got a court judgment for the money\n\n- the sheriff or bailiff could not recover enough assets to pay the debt\n\n## Check for other bankruptcy petitions\n\nYou must check if the debtor has had any bankruptcy petitions against them in the past 18 months. These checks are called \u2018searches\u2019.\n\nMost petitions are presented in the area where the debtor lives. Government departments, including HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), present all petitions in London.\n\n## Check for petitions presented in London\n\nCarry out checks using the public computers at either:\n\n- the Rolls Building of the Royal Courts of Justice\n\n- the Central London County Court\n\nIt costs \u00a311 to use the computers for 15 minutes. You can pay by debit or credit card or with cash.\n\n## Check for petitions presented in a county court outside London\n\nContact the county court for the area where the debtor lives.\n\nThey\u2019ll advise you how to check for petitions.\n\n## When you\u2019ve made your checks\n\nYou must confirm you\u2019ve carried out the searches by writing a declaration - use the wording below and fill in the petition number and the name of the court if applicable.\n\nSign and date the declaration and attach it to your petition form.\n\n## If there\u2019s already a petition or bankruptcy order\n\nIt\u2019s cheaper to support an existing petition than to present your own. Notify the petitioner using the contact details on the petition.\n\nIf there\u2019s already a bankruptcy order, you cannot continue with your petition. Register as a creditor instead.\n\n## Apply\n\nThe bankruptcy petition form you fill in depends on whether:\n\n- the debtor has not responded to a statutory demand\n\n- the sheriff or bailiff could not recover enough assets to pay the debt\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide the following as part of the petition:\n\n- a statement of truth confirming the details of your petition\n\n- a declaration that you\u2019ve carried out searches\n\n- evidence you\u2019re owed money\n\n## Presenting the petition\n\nHow you present the petition will depend on the debtor\u2019s circumstances.\n\nSubmit the petition online if the debtor either:\n\n- lives in London and owes you \u00a350,000 or more\n\n- has \u2018no fixed abode\u2019 (no fixed or regular address)\n\nIt\u2019ll go to the High Court.\n\nOtherwise, give the petition in person to the county court nearest to where the debtor lives or works.\n\n## If the debtor owns a business\n\nChoose the court nearest to the debtor\u2019s business address unless this changed in the last 6 months and they\u2019ve been at their home address longer.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give (\u2018serve\u2019) a copy of the petition to the debtor in person.\n\nIf the debtor has an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA) you\u2019ll also need to give a copy to the supervisor.\n\nSend the court a certificate of service (form N215) to confirm you\u2019ve done this.\n\nIf your case is with the High Court you can only submit the certificate of service online. If it\u2019s with another court you can send it there by post.\n\n## If you cannot serve the petition to the debtor in person\n\nYou can ask the court for permission to serve it in another way, for example by post.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to provide a certificate of service confirming you\u2019ve used a \u2018substituted service\u2019.\n\n## Court hearing\n\nThe court will tell you where and when the petition will be heard. This will be at least 14 days after you served the petition to the debtor.\n\nThe debtor can oppose the petition by giving the court a statement of truth at least 5 days before the hearing.\n\nYou must list the people that you want to appear and speak at the hearing.\n\nThe debtor and a supervisor of an IVA can also appear and speak at the hearing.\n\nAt the end of the hearing the court can:\n\n- stay (delay or stop) the petition\n\n- dismiss the petition\n\n- adjourn (postpone) the hearing\n\n- make a bankruptcy order\n\nIf the court dismisses your petition, you\u2019ll get your petition deposit back.\n\nRead more about what happens after a bankruptcy order is made.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nAn Official Receiver at the Insolvency Service will deal with the early stages of a bankruptcy. They will contact you within 12 weeks of the bankruptcy order being made.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to the court if your petition is rejected.\n\nCheck with the court where you made your petition for how to appeal.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You have to present a bankruptcy petition to a court if you want to bankrupt someone because they owe you money.

    ", + "

    There are also other ways to recover money you\u2019re owed.

    ", + "

    A bankruptcy petition is an application to the court for someone\u2019s assets to be taken and sold to pay their debts.

    ", + "

    Presenting a petition can be complicated. Most people use a solicitor or other professional to help them.

    ", + "

    Using a mediation service could be quicker and cheaper. Mediation is when an impartial person helps 2 sides work out an agreement.

    ", + "

    You can contact the Insolvency Service if you have questions about making someone bankrupt.

    ", + "

    How to present a petition

    ", + "
  • Prove you\u2019re owed at least \u00a35,000 or a share of debts totalling at least \u00a35,000.
    • ", + "
  • Check for other bankruptcy petitions against the person who owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019).
    • ", + "
  • Fill in the forms and deliver them to the court.
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    The court fees to make someone bankrupt are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3990 petition deposit (for managing the bankruptcy)
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3280 for court costs
    • ", + "

    Pay the fees using cash, postal order or a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019. You can pay by credit or debit card if you apply online.

    ", + "

    Prove you're owed \u00a35,000 or more

    ", + "

    To make someone bankrupt you must be owed one of the following:

    ", + "
  • at least \u00a35,000
    • ", + "
  • a share of debts that total at least \u00a35,000
    • ", + "

    You must provide evidence to the court that you\u2019re owed this money. There are 2 ways to do this.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve issued a statutory demand (a request for payment) to the debtor, confirm that you did this by filling in a certificate of service (form N215).

    ", + "

    Alternatively, get a sheriff\u2019s or bailiff\u2019s statement showing:

    ", + "
  • you got a court judgment for the money
    • ", + "
  • the sheriff or bailiff could not recover enough assets to pay the debt
    • ", + "

    Check for other bankruptcy petitions

    ", + "

    You must check if the debtor has had any bankruptcy petitions against them in the past 18 months. These checks are called \u2018searches\u2019.

    ", + "

    Most petitions are presented in the area where the debtor lives. Government departments, including HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), present all petitions in London.

    ", + "

    Check for petitions presented in London

    ", + "

    Carry out checks using the public computers at either:

    ", + "
  • the Rolls Building of the Royal Courts of Justice
    • ", + "
  • the Central London County Court
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a311 to use the computers for 15 minutes. You can pay by debit or credit card or with cash.

    ", + "

    Check for petitions presented in a county court outside London

    ", + "

    Contact the county court for the area where the debtor lives.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll advise you how to check for petitions.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve made your checks

    ", + "

    You must confirm you\u2019ve carried out the searches by writing a declaration - use the wording below and fill in the petition number and the name of the court if applicable.

    ", + "

    Sign and date the declaration and attach it to your petition form.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s already a petition or bankruptcy order

    ", + "

    It\u2019s cheaper to support an existing petition than to present your own. Notify the petitioner using the contact details on the petition.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s already a bankruptcy order, you cannot continue with your petition. Register as a creditor instead.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    The bankruptcy petition form you fill in depends on whether:

    ", + "
  • the debtor has not responded to a statutory demand
    • ", + "
  • the sheriff or bailiff could not recover enough assets to pay the debt
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide the following as part of the petition:

    ", + "
  • a statement of truth confirming the details of your petition
    • ", + "
  • a declaration that you\u2019ve carried out searches
    • ", + "
  • evidence you\u2019re owed money
    • ", + "

    Presenting the petition

    ", + "

    How you present the petition will depend on the debtor\u2019s circumstances.

    ", + "

    Submit the petition online if the debtor either:

    ", + "
  • lives in London and owes you \u00a350,000 or more
    • ", + "
  • has \u2018no fixed abode\u2019 (no fixed or regular address)
    • ", + "

    It\u2019ll go to the High Court.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, give the petition in person to the county court nearest to where the debtor lives or works.

    ", + "

    If the debtor owns a business

    ", + "

    Choose the court nearest to the debtor\u2019s business address unless this changed in the last 6 months and they\u2019ve been at their home address longer.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give (\u2018serve\u2019) a copy of the petition to the debtor in person.

    ", + "

    If the debtor has an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA) you\u2019ll also need to give a copy to the supervisor.

    ", + "

    Send the court a certificate of service (form N215) to confirm you\u2019ve done this.

    ", + "

    If your case is with the High Court you can only submit the certificate of service online. If it\u2019s with another court you can send it there by post.

    ", + "

    If you cannot serve the petition to the debtor in person

    ", + "

    You can ask the court for permission to serve it in another way, for example by post.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to provide a certificate of service confirming you\u2019ve used a \u2018substituted service\u2019.

    ", + "

    Court hearing

    ", + "

    The court will tell you where and when the petition will be heard. This will be at least 14 days after you served the petition to the debtor.

    ", + "

    The debtor can oppose the petition by giving the court a statement of truth at least 5 days before the hearing.

    ", + "

    You must list the people that you want to appear and speak at the hearing.

    ", + "

    The debtor and a supervisor of an IVA can also appear and speak at the hearing.

    ", + "

    At the end of the hearing the court can:

    ", + "
  • stay (delay or stop) the petition
    • ", + "
  • dismiss the petition
    • ", + "
  • adjourn (postpone) the hearing
    • ", + "
  • make a bankruptcy order
    • ", + "

    If the court dismisses your petition, you\u2019ll get your petition deposit back.

    ", + "

    Read more about what happens after a bankruptcy order is made.

    ", + "

    After the hearing

    ", + "

    An Official Receiver at the Insolvency Service will deal with the early stages of a bankruptcy. They will contact you within 12 weeks of the bankruptcy order being made.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the court if your petition is rejected.

    ", + "

    Check with the court where you made your petition for how to appeal.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "title": "Applying to become bankrupt", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply to make yourself bankrupt if you cannot pay your debts.\n\nCheck if there are other ways you can deal with your debts before you apply for bankruptcy.\n\nYour application will be looked at by someone who works for the Insolvency Service called an \u2018adjudicator\u2019. They\u2019ll decide if you should be made bankrupt.\n\nThe process is different if someone else is applying to make you bankrupt.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can only apply for bankruptcy online. It costs \u00a3680.\n\n## What happens when you go bankrupt\n\nIf the adjudicator makes you bankrupt:\n\n- you\u2019ll receive a copy of the bankruptcy order and may be interviewed about your situation\n\n- your assets can be used to pay your debts\n\n- you\u2019ll have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions\n\n- your name and details will be published in the Individual Insolvency Register\n\nYou can apply to have your address removed from the Individual Insolvency Register if publishing it will put you at risk of violence. This will not affect your bankruptcy.\n\nAfter 12 months you\u2019re usually released (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your bankruptcy restrictions and debts. Assets that were part of your estate during the bankruptcy period can still be used to pay your debts.\n\nYou might be able to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy before you\u2019re discharged.\n\nBankruptcy only applies to individuals. Find out what your options are if your limited company cannot pay its creditors.\n\n## Get help and information\n\nRead the following:\n\n- the Citizens Advice bankruptcy advice guide\n\n- the Money Advice Service\u2019s guide on options for writing off your debt\n\nYou can also contact the National Debtline for bankruptcy advice.\n\nYou can get free advice from a debt adviser to help you decide how to deal with your debts.\n\n## If you do not live in England or Wales\n\nThe process to become bankrupt is different if you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland. You cannot apply to become bankrupt in England or Wales.\n\nYou might be able to apply if you live anywhere else - talk to a debt adviser.\n\nYou must not break the bankruptcy restrictions in England or Wales. These might also apply outside England and Wales - check the laws of the country you live in.\n\n## Get a person at risk of violence (PARV) order\n\nWhen you\u2019re made bankrupt, your name and address will be published in:\n\n- the Individual Insolvency Register\n\n- the London Gazette\n\nIf having your address published will put you at risk of violence, you can apply to the court for a person at risk of violence (PARV) order.\n\nYour name will still be published, but your address will not be.\n\nYou can only apply for a PARV if you\u2019ve already started a bankruptcy application.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application form.\n\nTake your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy. They\u2019ll tell you if you need to pay a fee to apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to go to a hearing to present your application to a judge - the court will tell you when and where this will take place. You\u2019ll usually get a decision on the same day.\n\nSubmit your bankruptcy application once you have your PARV order.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get an email or letter from the adjudicator within 28 days of submitting your application to say if you\u2019ve been made bankrupt.\n\nThis can take longer if the adjudicator needs to ask more questions about your application.\n\nThey\u2019ll then issue a bankruptcy order.\n\n## After you get your bankruptcy order\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the official receiver within 2 weeks of getting your bankruptcy order. The official receiver is an officer of the court who manages your bankruptcy.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get an information pack that explains what you need to know and what you must do.\n\nYou might be asked to:\n\n- fill in a questionnaire\n\n- attend an interview with the official receiver\n\n- give the official receiver more information about your debts, creditors, assets and income\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to attend an interview\n\nThe interview can be in person or over the phone. The official receiver will:\n\n- check the information they have about your debts and assets\n\n- ask for more details, for example about your pension or savings\n\n- ask how and why you became bankrupt\n\n- answer any questions you have about the bankruptcy process\n\nYour release (\u2018discharge\u2019) from bankruptcy may be delayed if you do not provide the information you\u2019re asked for.\n\n## Restrictions\n\nYou have to follow bankruptcy restrictions when you\u2019re bankrupt. This means you cannot:\n\n- borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender you\u2019re bankrupt\n\n- act as a director of a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- manage a business with a different name without telling people you do business with that you\u2019re bankrupt\n\n- work as an insolvency practitioner (an authorised debt specialist)\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence to break the restrictions - you might be prosecuted if you do.\n\nYou must co-operate with the people managing your bankruptcy, for example by providing them with the information they ask for.\n\n## How long the restrictions last\n\nRestrictions last until your bankruptcy ends. This will happen sooner if you cancel your bankruptcy.\n\n## When the restrictions can be extended\n\nBankruptcy restrictions can be extended if you do not carry out your duties under the bankruptcy proceedings or if you\u2019re found to have acted carelessly or dishonestly.\n\nThe official receiver will tell you if the restrictions will be extended.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to agree to a Bankruptcy Restrictions Undertaking to extend the restrictions. If you do not agree, they\u2019ll ask the court to issue a Bankruptcy Restrictions Order.\n\n## Your assets\n\nYour assets might be sold to pay your bankruptcy debts. You have to hand over your assets to the person appointed to manage your bankruptcy (your \u2018trustee\u2019). They can be:\n\n- an official receiver - an officer of the court\n\n- an insolvency practitioner - an authorised debt specialist\n\nThe official receiver will usually act as your trustee to begin with.\n\n## Assets you can keep\n\nYou can usually keep:\n\n- items needed for your job, such as tools or a vehicle\n\n- household items, such as clothing, bedding or furniture\n\nYou might have to give these items up if they\u2019re worth more than a reasonable replacement.\n\n## Your bank accounts\n\nYou must give the official receiver your bank cards, cheque books and credit cards for any accounts you\u2019re no longer allowed to use. This includes any account that was overdrawn on the date you were made bankrupt.\n\nYour accounts will be frozen but your trustee may release:\n\n- any money you need urgently, for example to buy food\n\n- your partner\u2019s share of any money in a joint account\n\nYour bank will decide whether to allow you to continue using your accounts.\n\n## Your pension\n\nYou usually keep any money you\u2019ve put into a pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.\n\nSpeak to your trustee or read the guidance to find out how bankruptcy will affect your pension.\n\nYou can get free advice on managing your money and how bankruptcy affects your credit rating from Citizens Advice or National Debtline.\n\n## Your home\n\nYour home might be sold depending on your equity - your share after any secured debts (like a mortgage) have been paid.\n\nYou might have to give up:\n\n- your equity\n\n- legal ownership of the property if your equity is \u00a31,000 or more\n\nIf your trustee has not put your home up for sale within 3 years it will be transferred back to you.\n\n## Sole owners\n\nThe equity and legal ownership are transferred to your trustee. This means you cannot sell the property or claim any money from a sale.\n\nA bankruptcy restriction or notice is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register to say this.\n\nIt can only be removed if it\u2019s been added to your property by mistake. Send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying you are not bankrupt and an application to change the register for a property.\n\n## Joint owners\n\nThe equity is transferred to your trustee.\n\nA \u2018Form J restriction\u2019 is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register. This means your trustee will be told of any dealings connected with your home, for example if you try to sell it.\n\nIt can be removed if you can prove you (as the bankrupt) do not have a share in the property, for example if your partner owns the property. The owner has to send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying they are not the bankrupt person and an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction.\n\n## Stop the sale of your home\n\nYou might be able to stop or delay the sale of your home if, for example:\n\n- the value of your equity is less than \u00a31,000\n\n- the equity or legal title can be sold to someone else, such as a partner\n\n- you need to organise somewhere for children or a partner to live - the sale can be delayed for up to 1 year\n\nYou may want to get legal advice to find out if you can stop or delay the sale of your home.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Rented property\n\nYour landlord may be told that you\u2019re bankrupt and your rental situation may be affected.\n\n## Your income\n\nYour trustee will tell you if you have to make monthly payments from your spare income - you\u2019ll only have to do this if you can afford it.\n\nThe arrangement can last for up to 3 years and is called an Income Payments Agreement (IPA).\n\nIf you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.\n\nIf you do not agree to the IPA your trustee can ask the court to order you to make monthly payments. This is called an Income Payments Order (IPO).\n\nYour official receiver will set up your IPA or IPO and charge a fee. The fee can be up to \u00a3150 and is taken out of your first payment.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nThe monthly amount you pay depends on how much you can afford after essential expenses like food and bills are paid.\n\n## Cancel a bankruptcy\n\nYou can apply to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy if:\n\n- the bankruptcy order should not have been made\n\n- all your debts and bankruptcy fees have been paid or secured (guaranteed) by a third party\n\n- you\u2018ve made an Individual Voluntary Arrangement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts\n\nIf your circumstances change and you can pay off all your debts, then you must pay it through your official receiver or a solicitor.\n\nThis means you will not have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application form.\n\nSend or take your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy.\n\nYou must tell the court if you want details of your bankruptcy removed from the Land Charges register.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a date for a court hearing of your application, which you must attend.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to attend your interview with the official receiver if you\u2019ve been asked to.\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, they\u2019ll make an annulment order which cancels your bankruptcy.\n\n## Advertise your cancellation order\n\nYou can ask the official receiver to advertise your annulment order within 28 days of getting it. You cannot do this if your bankruptcy order has not been advertised yet.\n\nYour annulment order will be advertised wherever your bankruptcy order was.\n\n## When bankruptcy ends\n\nYour bankruptcy and the restrictions generally end when you\u2019re \u2018discharged\u2019, which is usually automatic.\n\nThis is usually 12 months after the adjudicator made you bankrupt. It can be longer in some circumstances, for example if you do not co-operate with your trustee.\n\nCheck your discharge date online using the Individual Insolvency Register.\n\nIf you cancel your bankruptcy, all restrictions will end immediately and your details will be removed from the Individual Insolvency Register.\n\n## Proof of discharge\n\nEmail the Insolvency Service and ask for a \u2018confirmation letter\u2019 to prove your bankruptcy has ended. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for a mortgage, you\u2019ll need a Certificate of Discharge.\n\nHow you get it depends on how you applied for your bankruptcy.\n\nIf you applied:\n\n- at a court, contact the court and pay the \u00a370 fee (\u00a310 for each copy)\n\n- online, email the Insolvency Service - there\u2019s no fee\n\n## Bankruptcy registers\n\nThe Individual Insolvency Register is updated within 3 months of your discharge.\n\nYou must apply to both Land Charges and HM Land Registry to have your bankruptcy entry removed from any properties you still own after paying your debts.\n\nBankruptcy entries are automatically removed from the Land Charges register after 5 years if they\u2019re not renewed.\n\n## Apply to Land Charges\n\nSend an application to cancel an entry in the Land Register (K11) to the Land Charges Department.\n\nYou need to include:\n\n- a copy of your court order permitting the cancellation (or \u2018vacation\u2019) of the entry\n\n- \u00a31 for each entry you want to cancel\n\n## Apply to HM Land Registry\n\nYou need to send HM Land Registry either:\n\n- an application to change the register for a property, if you\u2019re the sole owner of your property\n\n- an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction, if you own your property with someone else\n\nYou must include a copy of your court order.\n\nAll forms sent will be destroyed once the registers are updated. You can send copies if you write \u201cI certify that this is a true copy of the original\u201d together with your signature on the first page.\n\n## Your credit record\n\nCredit reference agencies will not be told directly when your bankruptcy ends - they\u2019ll get this information from public records.\n\nGet a copy of your credit reference report - contact a credit reference agency if it needs updating.\n\nYour bankruptcy can stay on your credit reference file for 6 years from the date of your bankruptcy.\n\n## Debts that will not be written off\n\nWhen you\u2019re discharged you\u2019ll be released from most, but not all, of the debts you owed at the date of the bankruptcy.\n\nDebts you will not be released from include:\n\n- debts arising from fraud\n\n- anything you owe under family proceedings - unless the court decides otherwise\n\n- damages for personal injuries to anyone - unless the court decides otherwise\n\n- debts which were not included in the bankruptcy itself, for example a debt to the Student Loans Company", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to make yourself bankrupt if you cannot pay your debts.

    ", + "

    Check if there are other ways you can deal with your debts before you apply for bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    Your application will be looked at by someone who works for the Insolvency Service called an \u2018adjudicator\u2019. They\u2019ll decide if you should be made bankrupt.

    ", + "

    The process is different if someone else is applying to make you bankrupt.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can only apply for bankruptcy online. It costs \u00a3680.

    ", + "

    What happens when you go bankrupt

    ", + "

    If the adjudicator makes you bankrupt:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll receive a copy of the bankruptcy order and may be interviewed about your situation
    • ", + "
  • your assets can be used to pay your debts
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions
    • ", + "
  • your name and details will be published in the Individual Insolvency Register
    • ", + "

    You can apply to have your address removed from the Individual Insolvency Register if publishing it will put you at risk of violence. This will not affect your bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    After 12 months you\u2019re usually released (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your bankruptcy restrictions and debts. Assets that were part of your estate during the bankruptcy period can still be used to pay your debts.

    ", + "

    You might be able to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy before you\u2019re discharged.

    ", + "

    Bankruptcy only applies to individuals. Find out what your options are if your limited company cannot pay its creditors.

    ", + "

    Get help and information

    ", + "

    Read the following:

    ", + "
  • the Citizens Advice bankruptcy advice guide
    • ", + "
  • the Money Advice Service\u2019s guide on options for writing off your debt
    • ", + "

    You can also contact the National Debtline for bankruptcy advice.

    ", + "

    You can get free advice from a debt adviser to help you decide how to deal with your debts.

    ", + "

    If you do not live in England or Wales

    ", + "

    The process to become bankrupt is different if you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland. You cannot apply to become bankrupt in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply if you live anywhere else - talk to a debt adviser.

    ", + "

    You must not break the bankruptcy restrictions in England or Wales. These might also apply outside England and Wales - check the laws of the country you live in.

    ", + "

    Get a person at risk of violence (PARV) order

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re made bankrupt, your name and address will be published in:

    ", + "
  • the Individual Insolvency Register
    • ", + "
  • the London Gazette
    • ", + "

    If having your address published will put you at risk of violence, you can apply to the court for a person at risk of violence (PARV) order.

    ", + "

    Your name will still be published, but your address will not be.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a PARV if you\u2019ve already started a bankruptcy application.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application form.

    ", + "

    Take your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy. They\u2019ll tell you if you need to pay a fee to apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to go to a hearing to present your application to a judge - the court will tell you when and where this will take place. You\u2019ll usually get a decision on the same day.

    ", + "

    Submit your bankruptcy application once you have your PARV order.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get an email or letter from the adjudicator within 28 days of submitting your application to say if you\u2019ve been made bankrupt.

    ", + "

    This can take longer if the adjudicator needs to ask more questions about your application.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll then issue a bankruptcy order.

    ", + "

    After you get your bankruptcy order

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the official receiver within 2 weeks of getting your bankruptcy order. The official receiver is an officer of the court who manages your bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get an information pack that explains what you need to know and what you must do.

    ", + "

    You might be asked to:

    ", + "
  • fill in a questionnaire
    • ", + "
  • attend an interview with the official receiver
    • ", + "
  • give the official receiver more information about your debts, creditors, assets and income
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to attend an interview

    ", + "

    The interview can be in person or over the phone. The official receiver will:

    ", + "
  • check the information they have about your debts and assets
    • ", + "
  • ask for more details, for example about your pension or savings
    • ", + "
  • ask how and why you became bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • answer any questions you have about the bankruptcy process
    • ", + "

    Your release (\u2018discharge\u2019) from bankruptcy may be delayed if you do not provide the information you\u2019re asked for.

    ", + "

    Restrictions

    ", + "

    You have to follow bankruptcy restrictions when you\u2019re bankrupt. This means you cannot:

    ", + "
  • borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender you\u2019re bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • act as a director of a company without the court\u2019s permission
    • ", + "
  • create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission
    • ", + "
  • manage a business with a different name without telling people you do business with that you\u2019re bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • work as an insolvency practitioner (an authorised debt specialist)
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s a criminal offence to break the restrictions - you might be prosecuted if you do.

    ", + "

    You must co-operate with the people managing your bankruptcy, for example by providing them with the information they ask for.

    ", + "

    How long the restrictions last

    ", + "

    Restrictions last until your bankruptcy ends. This will happen sooner if you cancel your bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    When the restrictions can be extended

    ", + "

    Bankruptcy restrictions can be extended if you do not carry out your duties under the bankruptcy proceedings or if you\u2019re found to have acted carelessly or dishonestly.

    ", + "

    The official receiver will tell you if the restrictions will be extended.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to agree to a Bankruptcy Restrictions Undertaking to extend the restrictions. If you do not agree, they\u2019ll ask the court to issue a Bankruptcy Restrictions Order.

    ", + "

    Your assets

    ", + "

    Your assets might be sold to pay your bankruptcy debts. You have to hand over your assets to the person appointed to manage your bankruptcy (your \u2018trustee\u2019). They can be:

    ", + "
  • an official receiver - an officer of the court
    • ", + "
  • an insolvency practitioner - an authorised debt specialist
    • ", + "

    The official receiver will usually act as your trustee to begin with.

    ", + "

    Assets you can keep

    ", + "

    You can usually keep:

    ", + "
  • items needed for your job, such as tools or a vehicle
    • ", + "
  • household items, such as clothing, bedding or furniture
    • ", + "

    You might have to give these items up if they\u2019re worth more than a reasonable replacement.

    ", + "

    Your bank accounts

    ", + "

    You must give the official receiver your bank cards, cheque books and credit cards for any accounts you\u2019re no longer allowed to use. This includes any account that was overdrawn on the date you were made bankrupt.

    ", + "

    Your accounts will be frozen but your trustee may release:

    ", + "
  • any money you need urgently, for example to buy food
    • ", + "
  • your partner\u2019s share of any money in a joint account
    • ", + "

    Your bank will decide whether to allow you to continue using your accounts.

    ", + "

    Your pension

    ", + "

    You usually keep any money you\u2019ve put into a pension.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.

    ", + "

    Speak to your trustee or read the guidance to find out how bankruptcy will affect your pension.

    ", + "

    You can get free advice on managing your money and how bankruptcy affects your credit rating from Citizens Advice or National Debtline.

    ", + "

    Your home

    ", + "

    Your home might be sold depending on your equity - your share after any secured debts (like a mortgage) have been paid.

    ", + "

    You might have to give up:

    ", + "
  • your equity
    • ", + "
  • legal ownership of the property if your equity is \u00a31,000 or more
    • ", + "

    If your trustee has not put your home up for sale within 3 years it will be transferred back to you.

    ", + "

    Sole owners

    ", + "

    The equity and legal ownership are transferred to your trustee. This means you cannot sell the property or claim any money from a sale.

    ", + "

    A bankruptcy restriction or notice is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register to say this.

    ", + "

    It can only be removed if it\u2019s been added to your property by mistake. Send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying you are not bankrupt and an application to change the register for a property.

    ", + "

    Joint owners

    ", + "

    The equity is transferred to your trustee.

    ", + "

    A \u2018Form J restriction\u2019 is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register. This means your trustee will be told of any dealings connected with your home, for example if you try to sell it.

    ", + "

    It can be removed if you can prove you (as the bankrupt) do not have a share in the property, for example if your partner owns the property. The owner has to send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying they are not the bankrupt person and an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction.

    ", + "

    Stop the sale of your home

    ", + "

    You might be able to stop or delay the sale of your home if, for example:

    ", + "
  • the value of your equity is less than \u00a31,000
    • ", + "
  • the equity or legal title can be sold to someone else, such as a partner
    • ", + "
  • you need to organise somewhere for children or a partner to live - the sale can be delayed for up to 1 year
    • ", + "

    You may want to get legal advice to find out if you can stop or delay the sale of your home.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Rented property

    ", + "

    Your landlord may be told that you\u2019re bankrupt and your rental situation may be affected.

    ", + "

    Your income

    ", + "

    Your trustee will tell you if you have to make monthly payments from your spare income - you\u2019ll only have to do this if you can afford it.

    ", + "

    The arrangement can last for up to 3 years and is called an Income Payments Agreement (IPA).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.

    ", + "

    If you do not agree to the IPA your trustee can ask the court to order you to make monthly payments. This is called an Income Payments Order (IPO).

    ", + "

    Your official receiver will set up your IPA or IPO and charge a fee. The fee can be up to \u00a3150 and is taken out of your first payment.

    ", + "

    How much you pay

    ", + "

    The monthly amount you pay depends on how much you can afford after essential expenses like food and bills are paid.

    ", + "

    Cancel a bankruptcy

    ", + "

    You can apply to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy if:

    ", + "
  • the bankruptcy order should not have been made
    • ", + "
  • all your debts and bankruptcy fees have been paid or secured (guaranteed) by a third party
    • ", + "
  • you\u2018ve made an Individual Voluntary Arrangement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts
    • ", + "

    If your circumstances change and you can pay off all your debts, then you must pay it through your official receiver or a solicitor.

    ", + "

    This means you will not have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the application form.

    ", + "

    Send or take your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    You must tell the court if you want details of your bankruptcy removed from the Land Charges register.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a date for a court hearing of your application, which you must attend.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to attend your interview with the official receiver if you\u2019ve been asked to.

    ", + "

    If the court agrees with your application, they\u2019ll make an annulment order which cancels your bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    Advertise your cancellation order

    ", + "

    You can ask the official receiver to advertise your annulment order within 28 days of getting it. You cannot do this if your bankruptcy order has not been advertised yet.

    ", + "

    Your annulment order will be advertised wherever your bankruptcy order was.

    ", + "

    When bankruptcy ends

    ", + "

    Your bankruptcy and the restrictions generally end when you\u2019re \u2018discharged\u2019, which is usually automatic.

    ", + "

    This is usually 12 months after the adjudicator made you bankrupt. It can be longer in some circumstances, for example if you do not co-operate with your trustee.

    ", + "

    Check your discharge date online using the Individual Insolvency Register.

    ", + "

    If you cancel your bankruptcy, all restrictions will end immediately and your details will be removed from the Individual Insolvency Register.

    ", + "

    Proof of discharge

    ", + "

    Email the Insolvency Service and ask for a \u2018confirmation letter\u2019 to prove your bankruptcy has ended. There\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for a mortgage, you\u2019ll need a Certificate of Discharge.

    ", + "

    How you get it depends on how you applied for your bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    If you applied:

    ", + "
  • at a court, contact the court and pay the \u00a370 fee (\u00a310 for each copy)
    • ", + "
  • online, email the Insolvency Service - there\u2019s no fee
    • ", + "

    Bankruptcy registers

    ", + "

    The Individual Insolvency Register is updated within 3 months of your discharge.

    ", + "

    You must apply to both Land Charges and HM Land Registry to have your bankruptcy entry removed from any properties you still own after paying your debts.

    ", + "

    Bankruptcy entries are automatically removed from the Land Charges register after 5 years if they\u2019re not renewed.

    ", + "

    Apply to Land Charges

    ", + "

    Send an application to cancel an entry in the Land Register (K11) to the Land Charges Department.

    ", + "

    You need to include:

    ", + "
  • a copy of your court order permitting the cancellation (or \u2018vacation\u2019) of the entry
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31 for each entry you want to cancel
    • ", + "

    Apply to HM Land Registry

    ", + "

    You need to send HM Land Registry either:

    ", + "
  • an application to change the register for a property, if you\u2019re the sole owner of your property
    • ", + "
  • an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction, if you own your property with someone else
    • ", + "

    You must include a copy of your court order.

    ", + "

    All forms sent will be destroyed once the registers are updated. You can send copies if you write \u201cI certify that this is a true copy of the original\u201d together with your signature on the first page.

    ", + "

    Your credit record

    ", + "

    Credit reference agencies will not be told directly when your bankruptcy ends - they\u2019ll get this information from public records.

    ", + "

    Get a copy of your credit reference report - contact a credit reference agency if it needs updating.

    ", + "

    Your bankruptcy can stay on your credit reference file for 6 years from the date of your bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    Debts that will not be written off

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re discharged you\u2019ll be released from most, but not all, of the debts you owed at the date of the bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    Debts you will not be released from include:

    ", + "
  • debts arising from fraud
    • ", + "
  • anything you owe under family proceedings - unless the court decides otherwise
    • ", + "
  • damages for personal injuries to anyone - unless the court decides otherwise
    • ", + "
  • debts which were not included in the bankruptcy itself, for example a debt to the Student Loans Company
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/debt-payments-from-your-wages": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/debt-payments-from-your-wages", + "title": "Having debt repayments taken from your wages", + "content": "## When repayments can be taken\n\nYou can have debt repayments taken out of your wages if you owe someone money from either:\n\n- unpaid maintenance payments\n\n- county court judgment (CCJ)\n\nThe person you owe money is called a \u2018creditor\u2019.\n\nYou can also have benefit overpayments taken from your wages by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) or your local council.\n\n## How you\u2019re told\n\nYou and your employer will get a document (called an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019) from the court. This will tell you:\n\n- how much you owe\n\n- how much your employer takes from your wages - you can apply to get this changed if you cannot afford it\n\n- when and how the payments have to be made\n\nYou and your employer can be fined if they do not follow the order. You cannot ask them to ignore it.\n\n## Change how much you pay\n\nYou can apply to get the payments reduced if you cannot afford them. Download and fill in form N244 and send it to the court that issued the court order.\n\nYou have to do this within 14 days of getting the order.\n\nYou can also apply if the order has been in place for some time and your circumstances change.\n\n## Pay off the debt more quickly\n\nSpeak to the person or company you owe the money to if you want to pay more. They might either:\n\n- take extra payments directly\n\n- agree to put the order on hold so you can pay more directly to them\n\nThe court will tell you if your debt is put on hold.\n\n## Check how much you owe\n\nContact the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office to check how much you still owe. They can also send you a history of the payments you\u2019ve made.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give your case number when you call.\n\n## Report a change in your circumstances\n\nYou must report any changes in your circumstances if you\u2019re paying off a debt through your wages.\n\n## Change your name or address\n\nIf you need to change your name or address, tell:\n\n- the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office\n\n- the court who issued the court order\n\n- your creditor\n\n## If you change or lose your job\n\n- Tell the CAPS office your new employer\u2019s details or that you\u2019ve lost your job.\n\n- Download and fill in form N56 in full, and send it to the court who issued the court order.\n\n## When you\u2019ve paid off the debt\n\nThe Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office will send you a \u2018notice of discharge\u2019 when the debt has been paid off. Your employer and creditor will also get a copy.\n\nYour employer will then stop making deductions from your wages.\n\n## If you think you\u2019ve overpaid\n\nAsk the CAPS office to check if you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give your case number when you call.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a refund if you\u2019ve overpaid.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When repayments can be taken

    ", + "

    You can have debt repayments taken out of your wages if you owe someone money from either:

    ", + "
  • unpaid maintenance payments
    • ", + "
  • county court judgment (CCJ)
    • ", + "

    The person you owe money is called a \u2018creditor\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can also have benefit overpayments taken from your wages by the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) or your local council.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019re told

    ", + "

    You and your employer will get a document (called an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019) from the court. This will tell you:

    ", + "
  • how much you owe
    • ", + "
  • how much your employer takes from your wages - you can apply to get this changed if you cannot afford it
    • ", + "
  • when and how the payments have to be made
    • ", + "

    You and your employer can be fined if they do not follow the order. You cannot ask them to ignore it.

    ", + "

    Change how much you pay

    ", + "

    You can apply to get the payments reduced if you cannot afford them. Download and fill in form N244 and send it to the court that issued the court order.

    ", + "

    You have to do this within 14 days of getting the order.

    ", + "

    You can also apply if the order has been in place for some time and your circumstances change.

    ", + "

    Pay off the debt more quickly

    ", + "

    Speak to the person or company you owe the money to if you want to pay more. They might either:

    ", + "
  • take extra payments directly
    • ", + "
  • agree to put the order on hold so you can pay more directly to them
    • ", + "

    The court will tell you if your debt is put on hold.

    ", + "

    Check how much you owe

    ", + "

    Contact the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office to check how much you still owe. They can also send you a history of the payments you\u2019ve made.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give your case number when you call.

    ", + "

    Report a change in your circumstances

    ", + "

    You must report any changes in your circumstances if you\u2019re paying off a debt through your wages.

    ", + "

    Change your name or address

    ", + "

    If you need to change your name or address, tell:

    ", + "
  • the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office
    • ", + "
  • the court who issued the court order
    • ", + "
  • your creditor
    • ", + "

    If you change or lose your job

    ", + "
  • Tell the CAPS office your new employer\u2019s details or that you\u2019ve lost your job.
    • ", + "
  • Download and fill in form N56 in full, and send it to the court who issued the court order.
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019ve paid off the debt

    ", + "

    The Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office will send you a \u2018notice of discharge\u2019 when the debt has been paid off. Your employer and creditor will also get a copy.

    ", + "

    Your employer will then stop making deductions from your wages.

    ", + "

    If you think you\u2019ve overpaid

    ", + "

    Ask the CAPS office to check if you\u2019ve overpaid.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give your case number when you call.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a refund if you\u2019ve overpaid.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands", + "title": "Make and serve a statutory demand, or challenge one", + "content": "## When you can make a statutory demand\n\nYou can make a statutory demand to ask for payment of a debt from an individual or company.\n\nAnyone who\u2019s owed money (the \u2018creditor\u2019) can make a statutory demand. You do not need a lawyer.\n\nIf the debt\u2019s over 6 years old, you cannot usually make a statutory demand. You can get legal advice instead.\n\nThere may be faster ways of getting smaller debts paid than making a statutory demand.\n\nWhen the individual or company that owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) receives a statutory demand, they have 21 days to either:\n\n- pay the debt\n\n- reach an agreement to pay\n\nYou can apply to bankrupt your debtor or close (\u2018wind up\u2019) their company if they do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.\n\n## Statutory demand forms\n\nChoose the form you need, fill it in and deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) it to the individual or company that owes you money.\n\nYou do not need to send a separate letter.\n\n## Serve a demand on an individual (including partners in a partnership)\n\nWhich form you need depends on whether you\u2019re collecting a debt that\u2019s:\n\n- payable now\n\n- payable now following a judgment or court order\n\n- payable in the future, if you think they will not be able to pay the debt when they need to\n\nIf you\u2019re serving a demand on a business partnership, you need to download and fill in a form for each partner.\n\n## Serve a demand on a limited company\n\nUse statutory demand form SD 1.\n\n## If you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nYou must use a different form to make a statutory demand in Scotland.\n\n## How to serve a statutory demand\n\nYou must deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) the statutory demand form by:\n\n- giving it to the individual who owes you money (you should try all their known addresses)\n\n- leaving it at the registered office of the company or partnership that owes money (or the main place of business if they do not have a registered office)\n\n- giving it to the company\u2019s director, company secretary, manager or principal officer\n\n- get a \u2018process server\u2019 to serve it for you (a solicitor can arrange this)\n\nYou can only send it by registered post or put it through a letterbox if it cannot be delivered in person.\n\n## Records you must keep\n\nYou must keep a copy of the statutory demand and anything that confirms:\n\n- the time and date you served the statutory demand, for example a postage receipt or confirmation from your process server\n\n- the debtor has received the statutory demand\n\nYou\u2019ll need this information if your demand is ignored.\n\n## If your demand is ignored\n\nIf your debtor does not pay the debt or agree to your statutory demand within 21 days, you can:\n\n- start bankruptcy proceedings against any individuals who owe you \u00a35,000 or more\n\n- wind up a company that owes you \u00a3750 or more\n\nYou have 4 months to apply to bankrupt or wind up your debtor. If you\u2019re late, explain why to the court named on the statutory demand.\n\n## Serve a statutory demand abroad\n\nGet legal help if you want to serve a statutory demand in another country.\n\nYou need to serve a statutory demand according to local laws but also according to the UK rules.\n\n## Challenge a statutory demand\n\nIf you do not agree with a statutory demand you\u2019ve been given, you can apply to challenge it and get it \u2018set aside\u2019.\n\nYou can be made bankrupt or your company wound up if you ignore a statutory demand.\n\nYou must apply to the court named on your statutory demand. Contact a solicitor or your nearest county court if you\u2019re not sure where to send your application.\n\nYou cannot challenge a statutory demand if it was served on a company. You can apply to stop your creditors from winding up your company instead.\n\nAny bankruptcy petitions the creditor has already filed against you will usually be suspended until the court reaches a decision.\n\nThe court will not usually set aside a statutory demand if it was served on you following the judgment of another court unless, for example:\n\n- you think the creditor owes you the same amount as your debt, or more\n\n- the amount on the statutory demand is secured\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou must apply to challenge the statutory demand within either:\n\n- 18 days if you were in the UK when you got the statutory demand\n\n- 21 to 34 days if you were in another country when you got the statutory demand - check the table of countries for specific deadlines\n\nIf the deadline is during a weekend or on a bank holiday, you have until the next day the court is open to apply.\n\nYou might be able to get an extension in some circumstances - contact the court to find out what these are.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in form IAA.\n\nMake 3 copies of the completed form and either post them to the court named on your statutory demand or give them to the court in person.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll usually hear back from the court within 10 working days of applying.\n\nIf the court does not agree with your application, it can give the creditor permission to issue a bankruptcy petition against you.\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, your case will be passed on to a bankruptcy registrar. They\u2019ll look at your case and arrange a hearing.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nBoth sides will present their case to a registrar or judge. They\u2019ll either make a decision then, or ask you and the other party to give more evidence at another hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision at the end of the final hearing.\n\nIf you win your case, you\u2019ll get an order from the court setting aside the statutory demand. The deadline for paying the debt will be suspended.\n\nIf you lose, you\u2019ll have to pay back your debt within the 21 day time limit. The creditor can apply to bankrupt you if you do not pay in time and your debt is \u00a35,000 or more.\n\nDo not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\n## Contact the Insolvency Service\n\nUse the contact form to contact the Insolvency Service about delivering and challenging a statutory demand.\n\nYou cannot currently contact the Insolvency Service by telephone because of coronavirus (COVID-19).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you can make a statutory demand

    ", + "

    You can make a statutory demand to ask for payment of a debt from an individual or company.

    ", + "

    Anyone who\u2019s owed money (the \u2018creditor\u2019) can make a statutory demand. You do not need a lawyer.

    ", + "

    If the debt\u2019s over 6 years old, you cannot usually make a statutory demand. You can get legal advice instead.

    ", + "

    There may be faster ways of getting smaller debts paid than making a statutory demand.

    ", + "

    When the individual or company that owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) receives a statutory demand, they have 21 days to either:

    ", + "
  • pay the debt
    • ", + "
  • reach an agreement to pay
    • ", + "

    You can apply to bankrupt your debtor or close (\u2018wind up\u2019) their company if they do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.

    ", + "

    Statutory demand forms

    ", + "

    Choose the form you need, fill it in and deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) it to the individual or company that owes you money.

    ", + "

    You do not need to send a separate letter.

    ", + "

    Serve a demand on an individual (including partners in a partnership)

    ", + "

    Which form you need depends on whether you\u2019re collecting a debt that\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • payable now
    • ", + "
  • payable now following a judgment or court order
    • ", + "
  • payable in the future, if you think they will not be able to pay the debt when they need to
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re serving a demand on a business partnership, you need to download and fill in a form for each partner.

    ", + "

    Serve a demand on a limited company

    ", + "

    Use statutory demand form SD 1.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Scotland

    ", + "

    You must use a different form to make a statutory demand in Scotland.

    ", + "

    How to serve a statutory demand

    ", + "

    You must deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) the statutory demand form by:

    ", + "
  • giving it to the individual who owes you money (you should try all their known addresses)
    • ", + "
  • leaving it at the registered office of the company or partnership that owes money (or the main place of business if they do not have a registered office)
    • ", + "
  • giving it to the company\u2019s director, company secretary, manager or principal officer
    • ", + "
  • get a \u2018process server\u2019 to serve it for you (a solicitor can arrange this)
    • ", + "

    You can only send it by registered post or put it through a letterbox if it cannot be delivered in person.

    ", + "

    Records you must keep

    ", + "

    You must keep a copy of the statutory demand and anything that confirms:

    ", + "
  • the time and date you served the statutory demand, for example a postage receipt or confirmation from your process server
    • ", + "
  • the debtor has received the statutory demand
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need this information if your demand is ignored.

    ", + "

    If your demand is ignored

    ", + "

    If your debtor does not pay the debt or agree to your statutory demand within 21 days, you can:

    ", + "
  • start bankruptcy proceedings against any individuals who owe you \u00a35,000 or more
    • ", + "
  • wind up a company that owes you \u00a3750 or more
    • ", + "

    You have 4 months to apply to bankrupt or wind up your debtor. If you\u2019re late, explain why to the court named on the statutory demand.

    ", + "

    Serve a statutory demand abroad

    ", + "

    Get legal help if you want to serve a statutory demand in another country.

    ", + "

    You need to serve a statutory demand according to local laws but also according to the UK rules.

    ", + "

    Challenge a statutory demand

    ", + "

    If you do not agree with a statutory demand you\u2019ve been given, you can apply to challenge it and get it \u2018set aside\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can be made bankrupt or your company wound up if you ignore a statutory demand.

    ", + "

    You must apply to the court named on your statutory demand. Contact a solicitor or your nearest county court if you\u2019re not sure where to send your application.

    ", + "

    You cannot challenge a statutory demand if it was served on a company. You can apply to stop your creditors from winding up your company instead.

    ", + "

    Any bankruptcy petitions the creditor has already filed against you will usually be suspended until the court reaches a decision.

    ", + "

    The court will not usually set aside a statutory demand if it was served on you following the judgment of another court unless, for example:

    ", + "
  • you think the creditor owes you the same amount as your debt, or more
    • ", + "
  • the amount on the statutory demand is secured
    • ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    You must apply to challenge the statutory demand within either:

    ", + "
  • 18 days if you were in the UK when you got the statutory demand
    • ", + "
  • 21 to 34 days if you were in another country when you got the statutory demand - check the table of countries for specific deadlines
    • ", + "

    If the deadline is during a weekend or on a bank holiday, you have until the next day the court is open to apply.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get an extension in some circumstances - contact the court to find out what these are.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Download and fill in form IAA.

    ", + "

    Make 3 copies of the completed form and either post them to the court named on your statutory demand or give them to the court in person.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually hear back from the court within 10 working days of applying.

    ", + "

    If the court does not agree with your application, it can give the creditor permission to issue a bankruptcy petition against you.

    ", + "

    If the court agrees with your application, your case will be passed on to a bankruptcy registrar. They\u2019ll look at your case and arrange a hearing.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    Both sides will present their case to a registrar or judge. They\u2019ll either make a decision then, or ask you and the other party to give more evidence at another hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision at the end of the final hearing.

    ", + "

    If you win your case, you\u2019ll get an order from the court setting aside the statutory demand. The deadline for paying the debt will be suspended.

    ", + "

    If you lose, you\u2019ll have to pay back your debt within the 21 day time limit. The creditor can apply to bankrupt you if you do not pay in time and your debt is \u00a35,000 or more.

    ", + "

    Do not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.

    ", + "

    Contact the Insolvency Service

    ", + "

    Use the contact form to contact the Insolvency Service about delivering and challenging a statutory demand.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently contact the Insolvency Service by telephone because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "title": "Options for paying off your debts", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you owe people money (your \u2018creditors\u2019) you can make arrangements to pay your debts. Your options depend on the amount of money and assets you have.\n\n## Where you can get help\n\nSpeak to a debt adviser to get help choosing the best way to deal with your debt.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information about debt management and free debt advisory services.\n\n## Paying off your debts\n\nYou can pay your debts in instalments by setting up:\n\n- a Debt Management Plan which is an agreement with your creditors managed by a financial company\n\n- an Administration Order when you\u2019ve had a county court judgment (CCJ) or a High Court judgment (HCJ) against you for debts under \u00a35,000\n\n- an Individual Voluntary Arrangement which is managed by an insolvency practitioner\n\nYou can also get temporary protection from your creditors through the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, while still making repayments. You\u2019ll need to apply through a debt advisor.\n\nIn Scotland you can arrange a Debt Payment Programme from the Debt Arrangement Scheme.\n\nYou may also have the option of reaching an informal agreement with your creditors.\n\n## If you cannot pay off your debt\n\nYou can apply for a Debt Relief Order or Bankruptcy Order if you cannot pay your debts because you do not have enough money or assets you can sell.\n\nIf you cannot pay off your debts, you can be made bankrupt.\n\n## Breathing Space (Debt Respite Scheme)\n\nIf you live in England or Wales, you can get temporary protection from your creditors while you get debt advice and make a plan. This scheme is called \u2018Breathing Space\u2019.\n\nYou can get temporary protection for up to 60 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to make your debt repayments.\n\nIf you get it:\n\n- enforcement action cannot be taken against you\n\n- your creditors cannot contact you about debts included in your Breathing Space\n\n- your creditors cannot add interest or charges to your debt\n\nIf you\u2019re getting mental health crisis treatment, your protection from creditors will be longer. It will last for the length of your treatment, plus another 30 days.\n\n## How to apply for the Breathing Space scheme\n\nTo apply for the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, you need to talk to a debt adviser. They will submit an application on your behalf if it\u2019s the right thing to do.\n\nYou can find a free debt adviser on the Money Advice Service website. You can get confidential advice online, over the phone or in person.\n\nIf you\u2019re receiving mental health treatment and cannot speak to a debt adviser, someone else can do so on your behalf.\n\n## Costs\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply for \u2018Breathing Space\u2019, but some debt advisers may charge you a fee.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- not have a debt relief order (DRO), an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA), an interim order, or be an undischarged bankrupt at the time you apply\n\n- not already be using the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme\n\n- not have used the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme in the last 12 months, unless it was for a mental health crisis\n\n## Debt Management Plans\n\nA Debt Management Plan is an agreement between you and your creditors to pay all of your debts.\n\nDebt management plans are usually used when either:\n\n- you can only afford to pay creditors a small amount each month\n\n- you have debt problems but will be able to make repayments in a few months\n\nYou can arrange a plan with your creditors yourself or through a licensed debt management company for a fee. If you arrange this with a company:\n\n- you make regular payments to the company\n\n- the company shares the money out between your creditors\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether a Debt Management Plan is right for you.\n\n## Get a Debt Management Plan\n\n- Set up a plan with a debt management company authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). Search the Financial Services Register for an authorised company.\n\n- The company works out your monthly payments. You\u2019ll have to give details about your financial situation, for example your assets, debts, income and creditors.\n\n- The company contacts your creditors and asks them to agree to the plan (they do not have to).\n\nUnless stated in the agreement, your creditors can still:\n\n- ask you to pay your full debt at a later date\n\n- take action to recover their money even if you keep up your payments\n\n## Costs\n\nSome companies will charge:\n\n- a set up fee\n\n- a handling fee each time you make a payment\n\nMake sure you understand the costs of your plan and how you pay for it.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nDebt Management Plans can only be used to pay \u2018unsecured\u2019 debts, for example debts that have not been guaranteed against your property.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour plan can be cancelled if you do not keep up your repayments.\n\n## Administration orders\n\nAn administration order is a way to deal with debt if you have a county court or High Court judgment against you and you cannot pay in full.\n\nThe debt must be less than \u00a35,000.\n\nYou make 1 payment a month to your local court. The court will divide this money between your creditors.\n\nCreditors listed on the administration order cannot take any further action against you without the court\u2019s permission.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether an administration order is right for you.\n\n## Get an administration order\n\nFill in an application for an administration order (form N92) and return it to your local court.\n\nThe court decides:\n\n- how much of your debt you have to repay, for example all or just part of it\n\n- how much your monthly repayments will be\n\n- how long the arrangement lasts\n\nThe arrangement is known as a \u2018composition order\u2019 if you cannot pay all your debts.\n\n## Costs\n\nThere\u2019s a court fee each time you make a payment. This cannot be more than 10% of your debt.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- owe less than \u00a35,000, including any interest and charges\n\n- owe money to at least 2 creditors\n\n- prove you can afford regular repayments, for example by giving details of your income\n\n- have a county court or High Court judgment against you, which you cannot pay in full\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must keep up your repayments or the court can:\n\n- ask your employer take money from your wages \u2013 known as an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019\n\n- cancel the arrangement\n\nYou may still be able to keep your business running, if you have one.\n\n## Public records\n\nYour administration order is added to the Register of Judgments, Orders and Fines.\n\nIt\u2019s usually removed 6 years after the date the order was made.\n\nYour entry is marked as \u2018satisfied\u2019 if you repay your debts in full.\n\nYou can also ask the court for a \u2018certificate of satisfaction\u2019. To do this, write to the court and send a cheque for \u00a315 (made payable to Her Majesty\u2019s Courts and Tribunal Service).\n\n## Individual Voluntary Arrangements\n\nAn Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA) is an agreement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts. You agree to make regular payments to an insolvency practitioner, who will divide this money between your creditors.\n\nAn IVA can give you more control of your assets than bankruptcy.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether an IVA is right for you.\n\n## Get an Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA)\n\nUse an insolvency practitioner to get an IVA.\n\nYour insolvency practitioner works out what you can afford to repay and how long the IVA lasts. You\u2019ll have to give details about your financial situation, for example your assets, debts, income and creditors.\n\nYour insolvency practitioner will contact your creditors. The IVA will start if the creditors holding 75% of your debts agree to it. It will apply to all your creditors, including any who disagreed to it.\n\nAn IVA will stop your creditors taking action against you for your debts.\n\n## Costs\n\nThere are usually 2 fees:\n\n- a set up fee\n\n- a handling fee each time you make a payment\n\nMake sure you know how much it\u2019s going to cost before asking an insolvency practitioner to act for you.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour IVA can be cancelled by the insolvency practitioner if you do not keep up your repayments. The insolvency practitioner can make you bankrupt.\n\nYou may still be able to keep your business running, if you have one.\n\n## Public records\n\nYour IVA will be added to the Individual Insolvency Register. It\u2019s removed 3 months after the IVA ends.\n\n## Debt Relief Orders\n\nDebt Relief Orders (DROs) are one way to deal with your debts if you owe less than \u00a320,000, do not have much spare income and do not own your home.\n\nIf you get one:\n\n- your creditors cannot recover their money without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- you\u2019re usually freed (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your debts after 12 months\n\n## Get a Debt Relief Order\n\nYou get a DRO from the official receiver, an officer of the bankruptcy court, but you must apply through an authorised debt adviser. They\u2019ll help you fill in the paperwork.\n\nThere\u2019s a list of organisations that can help you find an authorised debt adviser in the guide to DROs.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information about where to get free debt advice.\n\n## Costs\n\nThe official receiver\u2019s fee is \u00a390. Your debt adviser can tell you how and when to pay it. In some cases a charity may be able to help you with the cost - ask your debt adviser.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019re generally eligible if you meet all of these criteria:\n\n- you owe less than \u00a320,000\n\n- you\u2019ve less than \u00a350 a month spare income\n\n- you\u2019ve less than \u00a31,000 worth of assets\n\n- you\u2019ve lived or worked in England and Wales within the last 3 years\n\n- you have not applied for a DRO within the last 6 years\n\n## Restrictions\n\nYou must follow rules called \u2018restrictions\u2019 if you get a DRO.\n\nThis means you cannot:\n\n- borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender about your DRO\n\n- act as the director of a company\n\n- create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- manage a business without telling those you do business with about your DRO\n\nIf you want to open a bank account, you may also have to tell the bank or building society about your DRO.\n\nCheck the Individual Insolvency Register to see when the restrictions end.\n\nThe restrictions usually last 12 months. They can be extended if careless or dishonest behaviour caused your debt problem. For example, you lied to get credit.\n\nThe official receiver will tell you if they should be extended. To extend them, you\u2019ll be asked to agree to a \u2018Debt Relief Restrictions Undertaking\u2019. The court can issue a \u2018Debt Relief Restrictions Order\u2019 if you do not agree.\n\n## What you need to know\n\nWhile you have a DRO you still have to pay:\n\n- your rent and bills\n\n- certain debts, for example student loans, court fines\n\nDROs can be cancelled if:\n\n- your finances improve\n\n- you do not co-operate with the official receiver - for example you do not give them the information they ask for\n\nIf you get new debt after your DRO is approved you could:\n\n- get a bankruptcy order\n\n- be prosecuted if you do not tell new creditors about your DRO\n\nYour DRO is added to the Individual Insolvency Register - it\u2019s removed 3 months after the DRO ends.\n\nYour DRO will stay on your credit record for 6 years.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you owe people money (your \u2018creditors\u2019) you can make arrangements to pay your debts. Your options depend on the amount of money and assets you have.

    ", + "

    Where you can get help

    ", + "

    Speak to a debt adviser to get help choosing the best way to deal with your debt.

    ", + "

    The Money Advice Service has information about debt management and free debt advisory services.

    ", + "

    Paying off your debts

    ", + "

    You can pay your debts in instalments by setting up:

    ", + "
  • a Debt Management Plan which is an agreement with your creditors managed by a financial company
    • ", + "
  • an Administration Order when you\u2019ve had a county court judgment (CCJ) or a High Court judgment (HCJ) against you for debts under \u00a35,000
    • ", + "
  • an Individual Voluntary Arrangement which is managed by an insolvency practitioner
    • ", + "

    You can also get temporary protection from your creditors through the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, while still making repayments. You\u2019ll need to apply through a debt advisor.

    ", + "

    In Scotland you can arrange a Debt Payment Programme from the Debt Arrangement Scheme.

    ", + "

    You may also have the option of reaching an informal agreement with your creditors.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay off your debt

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Debt Relief Order or Bankruptcy Order if you cannot pay your debts because you do not have enough money or assets you can sell.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay off your debts, you can be made bankrupt.

    ", + "

    Breathing Space (Debt Respite Scheme)

    ", + "

    If you live in England or Wales, you can get temporary protection from your creditors while you get debt advice and make a plan. This scheme is called \u2018Breathing Space\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can get temporary protection for up to 60 days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to make your debt repayments.

    ", + "

    If you get it:

    ", + "
  • enforcement action cannot be taken against you
    • ", + "
  • your creditors cannot contact you about debts included in your Breathing Space
    • ", + "
  • your creditors cannot add interest or charges to your debt
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting mental health crisis treatment, your protection from creditors will be longer. It will last for the length of your treatment, plus another 30 days.

    ", + "

    How to apply for the Breathing Space scheme

    ", + "

    To apply for the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, you need to talk to a debt adviser. They will submit an application on your behalf if it\u2019s the right thing to do.

    ", + "

    You can find a free debt adviser on the Money Advice Service website. You can get confidential advice online, over the phone or in person.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re receiving mental health treatment and cannot speak to a debt adviser, someone else can do so on your behalf.

    ", + "

    Costs

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply for \u2018Breathing Space\u2019, but some debt advisers may charge you a fee.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • not have a debt relief order (DRO), an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA), an interim order, or be an undischarged bankrupt at the time you apply
    • ", + "
  • not already be using the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme
    • ", + "
  • not have used the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme in the last 12 months, unless it was for a mental health crisis
    • ", + "

    Debt Management Plans

    ", + "

    A Debt Management Plan is an agreement between you and your creditors to pay all of your debts.

    ", + "

    Debt management plans are usually used when either:

    ", + "
  • you can only afford to pay creditors a small amount each month
    • ", + "
  • you have debt problems but will be able to make repayments in a few months
    • ", + "

    You can arrange a plan with your creditors yourself or through a licensed debt management company for a fee. If you arrange this with a company:

    ", + "
  • you make regular payments to the company
    • ", + "
  • the company shares the money out between your creditors
    • ", + "

    The Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether a Debt Management Plan is right for you.

    ", + "

    Get a Debt Management Plan

    ", + "
  • Set up a plan with a debt management company authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). Search the Financial Services Register for an authorised company.
    • ", + "
  • The company works out your monthly payments. You\u2019ll have to give details about your financial situation, for example your assets, debts, income and creditors.
    • ", + "
  • The company contacts your creditors and asks them to agree to the plan (they do not have to).
    • ", + "

    Unless stated in the agreement, your creditors can still:

    ", + "
  • ask you to pay your full debt at a later date
    • ", + "
  • take action to recover their money even if you keep up your payments
    • ", + "

    Costs

    ", + "

    Some companies will charge:

    ", + "
  • a set up fee
    • ", + "
  • a handling fee each time you make a payment
    • ", + "

    Make sure you understand the costs of your plan and how you pay for it.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Debt Management Plans can only be used to pay \u2018unsecured\u2019 debts, for example debts that have not been guaranteed against your property.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    Your plan can be cancelled if you do not keep up your repayments.

    ", + "

    Administration orders

    ", + "

    An administration order is a way to deal with debt if you have a county court or High Court judgment against you and you cannot pay in full.

    ", + "

    The debt must be less than \u00a35,000.

    ", + "

    You make 1 payment a month to your local court. The court will divide this money between your creditors.

    ", + "

    Creditors listed on the administration order cannot take any further action against you without the court\u2019s permission.

    ", + "

    The Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether an administration order is right for you.

    ", + "

    Get an administration order

    ", + "

    Fill in an application for an administration order (form N92) and return it to your local court.

    ", + "

    The court decides:

    ", + "
  • how much of your debt you have to repay, for example all or just part of it
    • ", + "
  • how much your monthly repayments will be
    • ", + "
  • how long the arrangement lasts
    • ", + "

    The arrangement is known as a \u2018composition order\u2019 if you cannot pay all your debts.

    ", + "

    Costs

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a court fee each time you make a payment. This cannot be more than 10% of your debt.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • owe less than \u00a35,000, including any interest and charges
    • ", + "
  • owe money to at least 2 creditors
    • ", + "
  • prove you can afford regular repayments, for example by giving details of your income
    • ", + "
  • have a county court or High Court judgment against you, which you cannot pay in full
    • ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You must keep up your repayments or the court can:

    ", + "
  • ask your employer take money from your wages \u2013 known as an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019
    • ", + "
  • cancel the arrangement
    • ", + "

    You may still be able to keep your business running, if you have one.

    ", + "

    Public records

    ", + "

    Your administration order is added to the Register of Judgments, Orders and Fines.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s usually removed 6 years after the date the order was made.

    ", + "

    Your entry is marked as \u2018satisfied\u2019 if you repay your debts in full.

    ", + "

    You can also ask the court for a \u2018certificate of satisfaction\u2019. To do this, write to the court and send a cheque for \u00a315 (made payable to Her Majesty\u2019s Courts and Tribunal Service).

    ", + "

    Individual Voluntary Arrangements

    ", + "

    An Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA) is an agreement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts. You agree to make regular payments to an insolvency practitioner, who will divide this money between your creditors.

    ", + "

    An IVA can give you more control of your assets than bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    The Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether an IVA is right for you.

    ", + "

    Get an Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA)

    ", + "

    Use an insolvency practitioner to get an IVA.

    ", + "

    Your insolvency practitioner works out what you can afford to repay and how long the IVA lasts. You\u2019ll have to give details about your financial situation, for example your assets, debts, income and creditors.

    ", + "

    Your insolvency practitioner will contact your creditors. The IVA will start if the creditors holding 75% of your debts agree to it. It will apply to all your creditors, including any who disagreed to it.

    ", + "

    An IVA will stop your creditors taking action against you for your debts.

    ", + "

    Costs

    ", + "

    There are usually 2 fees:

    ", + "
  • a set up fee
    • ", + "
  • a handling fee each time you make a payment
    • ", + "

    Make sure you know how much it\u2019s going to cost before asking an insolvency practitioner to act for you.

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    Your IVA can be cancelled by the insolvency practitioner if you do not keep up your repayments. The insolvency practitioner can make you bankrupt.

    ", + "

    You may still be able to keep your business running, if you have one.

    ", + "

    Public records

    ", + "

    Your IVA will be added to the Individual Insolvency Register. It\u2019s removed 3 months after the IVA ends.

    ", + "

    Debt Relief Orders

    ", + "

    Debt Relief Orders (DROs) are one way to deal with your debts if you owe less than \u00a320,000, do not have much spare income and do not own your home.

    ", + "

    If you get one:

    ", + "
  • your creditors cannot recover their money without the court\u2019s permission
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re usually freed (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your debts after 12 months
    • ", + "

    Get a Debt Relief Order

    ", + "

    You get a DRO from the official receiver, an officer of the bankruptcy court, but you must apply through an authorised debt adviser. They\u2019ll help you fill in the paperwork.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a list of organisations that can help you find an authorised debt adviser in the guide to DROs.

    ", + "

    The Money Advice Service has information about where to get free debt advice.

    ", + "

    Costs

    ", + "

    The official receiver\u2019s fee is \u00a390. Your debt adviser can tell you how and when to pay it. In some cases a charity may be able to help you with the cost - ask your debt adviser.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You\u2019re generally eligible if you meet all of these criteria:

    ", + "
  • you owe less than \u00a320,000
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve less than \u00a350 a month spare income
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve less than \u00a31,000 worth of assets
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived or worked in England and Wales within the last 3 years
    • ", + "
  • you have not applied for a DRO within the last 6 years
    • ", + "

    Restrictions

    ", + "

    You must follow rules called \u2018restrictions\u2019 if you get a DRO.

    ", + "

    This means you cannot:

    ", + "
  • borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender about your DRO
    • ", + "
  • act as the director of a company
    • ", + "
  • create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission
    • ", + "
  • manage a business without telling those you do business with about your DRO
    • ", + "

    If you want to open a bank account, you may also have to tell the bank or building society about your DRO.

    ", + "

    Check the Individual Insolvency Register to see when the restrictions end.

    ", + "

    The restrictions usually last 12 months. They can be extended if careless or dishonest behaviour caused your debt problem. For example, you lied to get credit.

    ", + "

    The official receiver will tell you if they should be extended. To extend them, you\u2019ll be asked to agree to a \u2018Debt Relief Restrictions Undertaking\u2019. The court can issue a \u2018Debt Relief Restrictions Order\u2019 if you do not agree.

    ", + "

    What you need to know

    ", + "

    While you have a DRO you still have to pay:

    ", + "
  • your rent and bills
    • ", + "
  • certain debts, for example student loans, court fines
    • ", + "

    DROs can be cancelled if:

    ", + "
  • your finances improve
    • ", + "
  • you do not co-operate with the official receiver - for example you do not give them the information they ask for
    • ", + "

    If you get new debt after your DRO is approved you could:

    ", + "
  • get a bankruptcy order
    • ", + "
  • be prosecuted if you do not tell new creditors about your DRO
    • ", + "

    Your DRO is added to the Individual Insolvency Register - it\u2019s removed 3 months after the DRO ends.

    ", + "

    Your DRO will stay on your credit record for 6 years.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals", + "title": "Disagree with a tax decision", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have a query about a tax decision. If you do not understand the decision you can also get advice from HMRC or professional help.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nHMRC will send you a decision letter that will tell you if you can appeal against a tax decision.\n\nYou can appeal against some decisions about:\n\n- your tax bill (for example Self Assessment, Corporation Tax, VAT)\n\n- a claim for tax relief\n\n- a request for information or to check your business records\n\n- a penalty (for example if you paid your tax late or filed your tax return late)\n\nYour appeal can be made by someone who deals with your taxes, for example an accountant.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay your own costs if you appeal a tax decision. You may be able to delay the payment of a penalty or any tax you owe until your appeal\u2019s been resolved.\n\n## If HMRC did not act on information\n\nYou may be able to ask HMRC to cancel tax you owe if they did not act on information that you, your employer or the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) gave them.\n\nYou can do this if you owe:\n\n- Income Tax, for example because you were on the wrong tax code\n\n- Capital Gains Tax\n\n- Class 4 National Insurance contributions\n\n## Appeal against a tax decision\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to tell you if you can appeal. You can use the appeal form you got with your decision letter, or write to HMRC at the address on the letter. You usually have 30 days to appeal.\n\nIf you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any decision dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- your name or business name\n\n- your tax reference number (this will be on the decision letter)\n\n- what you disagree with and why\n\n- what you think the correct figures are and how you\u2019ve calculated them\n\n- your signature\n\nYou should also tell HMRC if you have any extra information or if you think they\u2019ve missed something.\n\nIf you do not have a letter you can write to the HMRC office related to your return.\n\nIf you want to appeal a decision about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can request a review by HMRC or appeal straight to the tax tribunal.\n\nIf customs has seized your things because you have not paid duty or VAT, you can ask for your things back.\n\n## What happens next\n\nWhen you appeal you can accept HMRC\u2019s offer of a review, or request one (if it\u2019s for direct tax). HMRC will tell you what to do next.\n\nA review will be carried out by someone who was not involved in the original decision. This usually takes 45 days, but HMRC will contact you if it will take longer.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision\n\n- consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:\n\n- your review decision is dated February 2020 or later\n\n- you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline\n\n## Appeal against a penalty\n\nYou can appeal to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a penalty, for example for:\n\n- an inaccurate return\n\n- sending in your tax return late\n\n- paying tax late\n\n- failing to keep adequate records\n\nA HMRC officer who was not previously involved with your penalty decision will carry out a review if you appeal.\n\nIf you want to appeal a penalty about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can either:\n\n- request a review from HMRC\n\n- appeal straight to the tax tribunal\n\nYour penalty may be cancelled or amended if you have a reasonable excuse.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nIf HMRC sends you a penalty letter by post, use the appeal form that comes with it or follow the instructions on the letter.\n\nFor Self Assessment, PAYE, VAT and Corporation Tax, there are extra documents you can use or alternative ways to appeal.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing a Self Assessment penalty\n\nYou can get your penalty cancelled if you did not send a tax return because you no longer needed to. Tell HMRC online you do not need to be self assessed or call the helpline.\n\nOtherwise, to appeal you\u2019ll need:\n\n- the date the penalty was issued\n\n- the date you filed your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- details of your reasonable excuse for late filing\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a \u00a3100 late filing penalty from tax year 2015 to 2016 onwards, you can appeal online or by post. You\u2019ll need to set up a Government Gateway account if you do not have one to appeal online.\n\nFor other penalties, you need to appeal by post. Send a completed form SA370 or a letter explaining your appeal to HMRC Self Assessment.\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a penalty to a partnership for a late tax return, appeal by post using form SA371. Only the nominated partner can appeal.\n\n## If you\u2019re an employer appealing a PAYE penalty\n\nYou can appeal online if you\u2019re registered for HMRC\u2019s PAYE for employers service. Once you\u2019ve logged in, select \u2018Appeal a penalty\u2019. You\u2019ll get an immediate acknowledgment when you submit your appeal.\n\n## If you filed a late VAT or Corporation Tax return\n\nYou can also use these specific forms for:\n\n- VAT if you had a reasonable excuse for filing late\n\n- Corporation Tax if you filed late because of computer problems\n\n## If you do not have an appeal form\n\nYou can send a signed letter to HMRC instead. Your letter must include:\n\n- your name\n\n- your reference number, for example your Self Assessment Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) or VAT registration number\n\n- a full explanation of why your return or payment was late, including dates\n\nIf you could not file or pay because of computer problems, you should include the date you tried to file or pay online with details of any system error message.\n\nSend your claim to the HMRC office related to your return.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou must usually appeal within 30 days of the date of the penalty notice.\n\nIf you miss this deadline you must explain the reason for the delay so that HMRC can decide if they\u2019ll consider your appeal.\n\nIf you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any penalty dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision\n\n- consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:\n\n- your review decision is dated February 2020 or later\n\n- you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline\n\n## Delay payment while appealing\n\nYou may be able to delay paying a tax bill or penalty if you disagree with the amount.\n\n## Direct tax\n\nIf you\u2019ve appealed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a direct tax decision (such as Income Tax, Corporation Tax or Capital Gains Tax) write to the HMRC office that sent you the decision, telling them:\n\n- why you think the amount you\u2019ve been asked to pay is too much\n\n- what you think the correct amount is and when you\u2019ll pay it\n\nHMRC will tell you in writing if they agree.\n\n## Penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve appealed against a penalty you will not have to pay until your appeal has been settled.\n\n## Indirect tax\n\nIf you\u2019ve asked HMRC to review an indirect tax decision, for example VAT or Insurance Premium Tax, you will not need to pay until the review has finished.\n\nIf you appeal to the tax tribunal you\u2019ll usually have to pay the tax before they will hear your appeal. You can ask to delay paying the tax if it would cause you extreme financial difficulty (for example, bankruptcy or liquidation).\n\nOnce a final decision has been reached, you must pay any money that you owe in full including interest.\n\n## Penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve asked for a review, or appealed to the tribunal about a penalty, HMRC will not ask you to pay it until your appeal has been settled.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s decision\n\nYou can ask for the decision to be reviewed if you do not agree with the outcome.\n\n## Reasonable excuses\n\nYou can appeal against some penalties if you have a reasonable excuse, for example for your return or payment being late.\n\n## What may count as a reasonable excuse\n\nA reasonable excuse is something that stopped you meeting a tax obligation that you took reasonable care to meet, for example:\n\n- your partner or another close relative died shortly before the tax return or payment deadline\n\n- you had an unexpected stay in hospital that prevented you from dealing with your tax affairs\n\n- you had a serious or life-threatening illness\n\n- your computer or software failed just before or while you were preparing your online return\n\n- service issues with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online services\n\n- a fire, flood or theft prevented you from completing your tax return\n\n- postal delays that you could not have predicted\n\n- delays related to a disability you have\n\nYou must send your return or payment as soon as possible after your reasonable excuse is resolved.\n\n## If you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nHMRC will consider coronavirus as a reasonable excuse for missing some tax obligations (such as payments or filing dates).\n\nExplain how you were affected by coronavirus in your appeal. You must still make the return or payment as soon as you can.\n\n## What will not count as a reasonable excuse\n\nThe following will not be accepted as a reasonable excuse:\n\n- you relied on someone else to send your return and they did not\n\n- your cheque bounced or payment failed because you did not have enough money\n\n- you found the HMRC online system too difficult to use\n\n- you did not get a reminder from HMRC\n\n- you made a mistake on your tax return", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have a query about a tax decision. If you do not understand the decision you can also get advice from HMRC or professional help.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    HMRC will send you a decision letter that will tell you if you can appeal against a tax decision.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against some decisions about:

    ", + "
  • your tax bill (for example Self Assessment, Corporation Tax, VAT)
    • ", + "
  • a claim for tax relief
    • ", + "
  • a request for information or to check your business records
    • ", + "
  • a penalty (for example if you paid your tax late or filed your tax return late)
    • ", + "

    Your appeal can be made by someone who deals with your taxes, for example an accountant.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay your own costs if you appeal a tax decision. You may be able to delay the payment of a penalty or any tax you owe until your appeal\u2019s been resolved.

    ", + "

    If HMRC did not act on information

    ", + "

    You may be able to ask HMRC to cancel tax you owe if they did not act on information that you, your employer or the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) gave them.

    ", + "

    You can do this if you owe:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax, for example because you were on the wrong tax code
    • ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax
    • ", + "
  • Class 4 National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "

    Appeal against a tax decision

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to tell you if you can appeal. You can use the appeal form you got with your decision letter, or write to HMRC at the address on the letter. You usually have 30 days to appeal.

    ", + "

    If you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any decision dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    You must include:

    ", + "
  • your name or business name
    • ", + "
  • your tax reference number (this will be on the decision letter)
    • ", + "
  • what you disagree with and why
    • ", + "
  • what you think the correct figures are and how you\u2019ve calculated them
    • ", + "
  • your signature
    • ", + "

    You should also tell HMRC if you have any extra information or if you think they\u2019ve missed something.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a letter you can write to the HMRC office related to your return.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal a decision about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can request a review by HMRC or appeal straight to the tax tribunal.

    ", + "

    If customs has seized your things because you have not paid duty or VAT, you can ask for your things back.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    When you appeal you can accept HMRC\u2019s offer of a review, or request one (if it\u2019s for direct tax). HMRC will tell you what to do next.

    ", + "

    A review will be carried out by someone who was not involved in the original decision. This usually takes 45 days, but HMRC will contact you if it will take longer.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision
    • ", + "
  • consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:

    ", + "
  • your review decision is dated February 2020 or later
    • ", + "
  • you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline
    • ", + "

    Appeal against a penalty

    ", + "

    You can appeal to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a penalty, for example for:

    ", + "
  • an inaccurate return
    • ", + "
  • sending in your tax return late
    • ", + "
  • paying tax late
    • ", + "
  • failing to keep adequate records
    • ", + "

    A HMRC officer who was not previously involved with your penalty decision will carry out a review if you appeal.

    ", + "

    If you want to appeal a penalty about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can either:

    ", + "
  • request a review from HMRC
    • ", + "
  • appeal straight to the tax tribunal
    • ", + "

    Your penalty may be cancelled or amended if you have a reasonable excuse.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    If HMRC sends you a penalty letter by post, use the appeal form that comes with it or follow the instructions on the letter.

    ", + "

    For Self Assessment, PAYE, VAT and Corporation Tax, there are extra documents you can use or alternative ways to appeal.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing a Self Assessment penalty

    ", + "

    You can get your penalty cancelled if you did not send a tax return because you no longer needed to. Tell HMRC online you do not need to be self assessed or call the helpline.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, to appeal you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • the date the penalty was issued
    • ", + "
  • the date you filed your Self Assessment tax return
    • ", + "
  • details of your reasonable excuse for late filing
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing a \u00a3100 late filing penalty from tax year 2015 to 2016 onwards, you can appeal online or by post. You\u2019ll need to set up a Government Gateway account if you do not have one to appeal online.

    ", + "

    For other penalties, you need to appeal by post. Send a completed form SA370 or a letter explaining your appeal to HMRC Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing a penalty to a partnership for a late tax return, appeal by post using form SA371. Only the nominated partner can appeal.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employer appealing a PAYE penalty

    ", + "

    You can appeal online if you\u2019re registered for HMRC\u2019s PAYE for employers service. Once you\u2019ve logged in, select \u2018Appeal a penalty\u2019. You\u2019ll get an immediate acknowledgment when you submit your appeal.

    ", + "

    If you filed a late VAT or Corporation Tax return

    ", + "

    You can also use these specific forms for:

    ", + "
  • VAT if you had a reasonable excuse for filing late
    • ", + "
  • Corporation Tax if you filed late because of computer problems
    • ", + "

    If you do not have an appeal form

    ", + "

    You can send a signed letter to HMRC instead. Your letter must include:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your reference number, for example your Self Assessment Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) or VAT registration number
    • ", + "
  • a full explanation of why your return or payment was late, including dates
    • ", + "

    If you could not file or pay because of computer problems, you should include the date you tried to file or pay online with details of any system error message.

    ", + "

    Send your claim to the HMRC office related to your return.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    You must usually appeal within 30 days of the date of the penalty notice.

    ", + "

    If you miss this deadline you must explain the reason for the delay so that HMRC can decide if they\u2019ll consider your appeal.

    ", + "

    If you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any penalty dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision
    • ", + "
  • consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:

    ", + "
  • your review decision is dated February 2020 or later
    • ", + "
  • you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline
    • ", + "

    Delay payment while appealing

    ", + "

    You may be able to delay paying a tax bill or penalty if you disagree with the amount.

    ", + "

    Direct tax

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve appealed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a direct tax decision (such as Income Tax, Corporation Tax or Capital Gains Tax) write to the HMRC office that sent you the decision, telling them:

    ", + "
  • why you think the amount you\u2019ve been asked to pay is too much
    • ", + "
  • what you think the correct amount is and when you\u2019ll pay it
    • ", + "

    HMRC will tell you in writing if they agree.

    ", + "

    Penalty

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve appealed against a penalty you will not have to pay until your appeal has been settled.

    ", + "

    Indirect tax

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve asked HMRC to review an indirect tax decision, for example VAT or Insurance Premium Tax, you will not need to pay until the review has finished.

    ", + "

    If you appeal to the tax tribunal you\u2019ll usually have to pay the tax before they will hear your appeal. You can ask to delay paying the tax if it would cause you extreme financial difficulty (for example, bankruptcy or liquidation).

    ", + "

    Once a final decision has been reached, you must pay any money that you owe in full including interest.

    ", + "

    Penalty

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve asked for a review, or appealed to the tribunal about a penalty, HMRC will not ask you to pay it until your appeal has been settled.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    You can ask for the decision to be reviewed if you do not agree with the outcome.

    ", + "

    Reasonable excuses

    ", + "

    You can appeal against some penalties if you have a reasonable excuse, for example for your return or payment being late.

    ", + "

    What may count as a reasonable excuse

    ", + "

    A reasonable excuse is something that stopped you meeting a tax obligation that you took reasonable care to meet, for example:

    ", + "
  • your partner or another close relative died shortly before the tax return or payment deadline
    • ", + "
  • you had an unexpected stay in hospital that prevented you from dealing with your tax affairs
    • ", + "
  • you had a serious or life-threatening illness
    • ", + "
  • your computer or software failed just before or while you were preparing your online return
    • ", + "
  • service issues with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online services
    • ", + "
  • a fire, flood or theft prevented you from completing your tax return
    • ", + "
  • postal delays that you could not have predicted
    • ", + "
  • delays related to a disability you have
    • ", + "

    You must send your return or payment as soon as possible after your reasonable excuse is resolved.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    HMRC will consider coronavirus as a reasonable excuse for missing some tax obligations (such as payments or filing dates).

    ", + "

    Explain how you were affected by coronavirus in your appeal. You must still make the return or payment as soon as you can.

    ", + "

    What will not count as a reasonable excuse

    ", + "

    The following will not be accepted as a reasonable excuse:

    ", + "
  • you relied on someone else to send your return and they did not
    • ", + "
  • your cheque bounced or payment failed because you did not have enough money
    • ", + "
  • you found the HMRC online system too difficult to use
    • ", + "
  • you did not get a reminder from HMRC
    • ", + "
  • you made a mistake on your tax return
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/get-help-hmrc-extra-support": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-help-hmrc-extra-support", + "title": "Get help from HMRC if you need extra support", + "content": "## Help you can get\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can help you if you need extra support because of your condition or circumstances. You might need extra support if:\n\n- you have dyslexia, autism or cognitive difficulties\n\n- you have reduced mobility or physical disabilities\n\n- you have sensory disabilities, like a visual, hearing or speech impairment\n\n- you have mental health conditions, like depression, stress or anxiety\n\n- you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship - for example you cannot afford essentials like food, bills or rent\n\n- you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse, including economic abuse\n\n- you\u2019re in hospital\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere are different ways to contact HMRC if you need:\n\n- to use textphone, webchat or BSL\n\n- information in a different format\n\n- help filling in forms\n\n- more time because of your circumstances\n\n- information in another language\n\n- to appoint someone to talk to HMRC on your behalf\n\nIf you have a scheduled face-to-face appointment, you should not go to it at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). HMRC will contact you instead.\n\n## If you cannot use a telephone and need a different way to contact HMRC\n\nThere are other ways to contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) than by telephone. You might need to use another form of contact if:\n\n- you\u2019re deaf, hearing impaired or hard of hearing\n\n- you have a speech impairment\n\n- you use British Sign Language (BSL)\n\n- you have difficulty using the telephone\n\n## Text Service (Relay UK)\n\nDial 18001 then the relevant contact number to use the Relay UK Text Service.\n\nHMRC also offers a textphone service for some of its helplines.\n\n## Webchat\n\nYou can contact HMRC\u2019s extra support team using webchat.\n\n## If you use British Sign Language (BSL)\n\nThe Royal Association for Deaf people provides:\n\n- webcam appointments with their tax adviser\n\n- a video interpreting service\n\n- BSL-captioned video clips linked to HMRC guidance\n\n## Home visits and appointments\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC cannot do home visits and face-to-face appointments at the moment.\n\n## If you need information in a different format\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) information is available in accessible formats. You might need an alternative format if:\n\n- you\u2019re visually impaired\n\n- you have dyslexia or autism\n\n- you have another condition which makes standard print difficult\n\nContact HMRC if you need a form, leaflet or other information in any of the following formats:\n\n- Braille\n\n- large print\n\n- audio on CD\n\n- text on CD (standard or large print)\n\n- other formats, for example coloured paper\n\nCall the relevant contact number and tell HMRC what help you need. For example, call \u2018Self Assessment: general enquiries\u2019 if you need a large-print tax return. They will transfer you to HMRC\u2019s extra support team.\n\nYou can also contact HMRC\u2019s extra support team using webchat.\n\n## If you need help filling in forms\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can help you with filling in forms. You might need help if:\n\n- you have a mental health condition, like depression, stress or anxiety\n\n- you have a visual impairment, dyslexia, autism or cognitive difficulties\n\n- you have another condition which makes filling in forms difficult\n\n- you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship - for example you cannot afford essentials like food, bills or rent\n\n- you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse, including economic abuse\n\nTo get help with filling in forms, call the relevant contact number and tell HMRC what help you need. They will transfer you to HMRC\u2019s extra support team.\n\nYou can also contact HMRC\u2019s extra support team using webchat.\n\n## If you need more time because of your circumstances\n\nIn certain circumstances, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can give you an extension to a deadline or spend more time with you on the phone. You can ask for more time if, for example:\n\n- you have a mental health condition, like depression, stress or anxiety\n\n- you have a visual impairment, dyslexia, autism or cognitive difficulties\n\n- you have another condition which means you need more time\n\n- you\u2019re experiencing financial difficulties - for example, if you\u2019ve been laid off because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\n- you\u2019re in hospital (someone else can ask HMRC for you)\n\n- you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse, including economic abuse\n\nTo ask for more time because of your circumstances, call the relevant contact number and tell HMRC what help you need. They will transfer you to HMRC\u2019s extra support team. You may need to prove why you need more time.\n\nYou can also contact HMRC\u2019s extra support team using webchat.\n\n## If you need information in another language\n\nYou can use a friend or family member as an interpreter when you phone HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nThey must be over 16 and will need to be in the same room as you when you call HMRC.\n\nHMRC may also be able to organise an interpreter for you.\n\nUse the relevant contact number, for example the Self Assessment helpline, if you need help with your tax return.\n\nYou can also ask for information in another language using webchat.\n\n## If you need someone to talk to HMRC for you\n\nIf you find it difficult to deal with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) yourself, you can appoint someone to talk to HMRC for you. This can be a friend, relative or an adviser from a voluntary organisation.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can help you if you need extra support because of your condition or circumstances. You might need extra support if:

    ", + "
  • you have dyslexia, autism or cognitive difficulties
    • ", + "
  • you have reduced mobility or physical disabilities
    • ", + "
  • you have sensory disabilities, like a visual, hearing or speech impairment
    • ", + "
  • you have mental health conditions, like depression, stress or anxiety
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship - for example you cannot afford essentials like food, bills or rent
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse, including economic abuse
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in hospital
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    There are different ways to contact HMRC if you need:

    ", + "
  • to use textphone, webchat or BSL
    • ", + "
  • information in a different format
    • ", + "
  • help filling in forms
    • ", + "
  • more time because of your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • information in another language
    • ", + "
  • to appoint someone to talk to HMRC on your behalf
    • ", + "

    If you have a scheduled face-to-face appointment, you should not go to it at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). HMRC will contact you instead.

    ", + "

    If you cannot use a telephone and need a different way to contact HMRC

    ", + "

    There are other ways to contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) than by telephone. You might need to use another form of contact if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re deaf, hearing impaired or hard of hearing
    • ", + "
  • you have a speech impairment
    • ", + "
  • you use British Sign Language (BSL)
    • ", + "
  • you have difficulty using the telephone
    • ", + "

    Text Service (Relay UK)

    ", + "

    Dial 18001 then the relevant contact number to use the Relay UK Text Service.

    ", + "

    HMRC also offers a textphone service for some of its helplines.

    ", + "

    Webchat

    ", + "

    You can contact HMRC\u2019s extra support team using webchat.

    ", + "

    If you use British Sign Language (BSL)

    ", + "

    The Royal Association for Deaf people provides:

    ", + "
  • webcam appointments with their tax adviser
    • ", + "
  • a video interpreting service
    • ", + "
  • BSL-captioned video clips linked to HMRC guidance
    • ", + "

    Home visits and appointments

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC cannot do home visits and face-to-face appointments at the moment.

    ", + "

    If you need information in a different format

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) information is available in accessible formats. You might need an alternative format if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re visually impaired
    • ", + "
  • you have dyslexia or autism
    • ", + "
  • you have another condition which makes standard print difficult
    • ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you need a form, leaflet or other information in any of the following formats:

    ", + "
  • Braille
    • ", + "
  • large print
    • ", + "
  • audio on CD
    • ", + "
  • text on CD (standard or large print)
    • ", + "
  • other formats, for example coloured paper
    • ", + "

    Call the relevant contact number and tell HMRC what help you need. For example, call \u2018Self Assessment: general enquiries\u2019 if you need a large-print tax return. They will transfer you to HMRC\u2019s extra support team.

    ", + "

    You can also contact HMRC\u2019s extra support team using webchat.

    ", + "

    If you need help filling in forms

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can help you with filling in forms. You might need help if:

    ", + "
  • you have a mental health condition, like depression, stress or anxiety
    • ", + "
  • you have a visual impairment, dyslexia, autism or cognitive difficulties
    • ", + "
  • you have another condition which makes filling in forms difficult
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship - for example you cannot afford essentials like food, bills or rent
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse, including economic abuse
    • ", + "

    To get help with filling in forms, call the relevant contact number and tell HMRC what help you need. They will transfer you to HMRC\u2019s extra support team.

    ", + "

    You can also contact HMRC\u2019s extra support team using webchat.

    ", + "

    If you need more time because of your circumstances

    ", + "

    In certain circumstances, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can give you an extension to a deadline or spend more time with you on the phone. You can ask for more time if, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a mental health condition, like depression, stress or anxiety
    • ", + "
  • you have a visual impairment, dyslexia, autism or cognitive difficulties
    • ", + "
  • you have another condition which means you need more time
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re experiencing financial difficulties - for example, if you\u2019ve been laid off because of coronavirus (COVID-19)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in hospital (someone else can ask HMRC for you)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse, including economic abuse
    • ", + "

    To ask for more time because of your circumstances, call the relevant contact number and tell HMRC what help you need. They will transfer you to HMRC\u2019s extra support team. You may need to prove why you need more time.

    ", + "

    You can also contact HMRC\u2019s extra support team using webchat.

    ", + "

    If you need information in another language

    ", + "

    You can use a friend or family member as an interpreter when you phone HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    They must be over 16 and will need to be in the same room as you when you call HMRC.

    ", + "

    HMRC may also be able to organise an interpreter for you.

    ", + "

    Use the relevant contact number, for example the Self Assessment helpline, if you need help with your tax return.

    ", + "

    You can also ask for information in another language using webchat.

    ", + "

    If you need someone to talk to HMRC for you

    ", + "

    If you find it difficult to deal with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) yourself, you can appoint someone to talk to HMRC for you. This can be a friend, relative or an adviser from a voluntary organisation.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/difficulties-paying-hmrc": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/difficulties-paying-hmrc", + "title": "If you cannot pay your tax bill on time", + "content": "## What to do\n\nYou must arrange to pay your tax bill with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you either:\n\n- miss a payment\n\n- know you cannot pay on time\n\nIf you pay a tax bill late you must pay interest on the amount you owe until it\u2019s paid off. You can avoid penalties by arranging a payment plan with HMRC before the tax is due \u2013 or by 1 April for Self Assessment.\n\nIf you owe Self Assessment tax and your bill is less than \u00a330,000 you may be able to pay in monthly instalments.\n\nFor any other bills or problems paying, you must contact HMRC to discuss your options. How you contact HMRC depends on what you need to pay.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## If you cannot pay because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou may be able to pay your Self Assessment tax in monthly instalments. This includes any delayed (deferred) \u2018payments on account\u2019 that were due in July 2020, if you did not pay them at the time.\n\nContact the HMRC coronavirus (COVID-19) helpline if you cannot pay any other tax bills because of coronavirus.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nIf your business has been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), you may be able to claim a grant through the\u00a0Self-Employment Income Support Scheme.\n\n## If you cannot pay your Self Assessment tax bill\n\nYou can set up a payment plan online to spread the cost of your latest Self Assessment bill if:\n\n- you owe \u00a330,000 or less\n\n- you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC\n\n- your tax returns are up to date\n\n- it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline\n\nYou do not need to contact HMRC if you set up a payment plan.\n\nCall the Self Assessment helpline if you\u2019re not eligible for a payment plan or cannot use the online service.\n\n## If you cannot pay other taxes\n\nYou might be able to set up a Time to Pay Arrangement with HMRC if you\u2019re unable to pay any other taxes in full. This lets you spread the cost of your tax bill by paying what you owe in instalments.\n\nHow you do this depends on whether you\u2019ve received a payment demand.\n\nIf you\u2019ve received a payment demand, like a tax bill or a letter threatening you with legal action, call the HMRC office that sent you the letter.\n\nIf you\u2019ve not received a bill or letter, call the Payment Support Service (PSS).\n\nNominated partners in business partnerships can negotiate a Time to Pay Arrangement with HMRC on behalf of the partnership or individual partners.\n\n## Before you contact HMRC\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- your reference number (for example, your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference or VAT reference number)\n\n- the amount of the tax bill you\u2019re finding it difficult to pay and the reasons why\n\n- what you\u2019ve done to try to get the money to pay the bill\n\n- how much you can pay immediately and how long you may need to pay the rest\n\n- your bank account details\n\n## What happens when you contact HMRC\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask you about:\n\n- your income and expenditure\n\n- your assets, like savings and investments\n\n- what you\u2019re doing to get your tax payments back in order\n\nHMRC will decide whether you should be able to pay immediately. If you cannot, they\u2019ll decide whether you\u2019ll be able to get your payments back on track with more time.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked more in-depth questions if you\u2019ve been given more time to pay before. In more complex cases HMRC may ask for evidence before they make a decision.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay immediately if HMRC think you can when you call. You can pay by Direct Debit, corporate credit card or debit card over the phone.\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged a fee if you pay by credit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nIf you cannot pay all your tax bill, you may be able to:\n\n- pay your bill in instalments by Direct Debit\n\n- get more time to pay\n\n## When you might get more time to pay\n\nHMRC may offer you extra time to pay if they think you genuinely cannot pay in full now but will be able to pay in the future.\n\nYou can set up a plan to pay in instalments by Direct Debit on dates they agree with you.\n\nTell HMRC as soon as possible if your circumstances change and you can pay your tax bill faster.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay interest on the amount you pay late.\n\nYou must keep these payments up to date and pay your other tax. If you do not, HMRC will normally cancel the arrangement and take legal action against you straight away.\n\n## When you will not get more time to pay\n\nIf HMRC do not think you can get your payments on track with more time, they will not make an arrangement with you - they\u2019ll expect you to pay your tax bill straight away.\n\nIf you do not, HMRC will start \u2018enforcement action\u2019 to get the money from you.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nThe Money Advice Service has more information about debt management and where you can get free debt advice.\n\nYou can also contact HMRC.\n\n## Making a complaint\n\nYou cannot appeal against HMRC\u2019s decision, but you can make a complaint if you\u2019re unhappy about how you were treated.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What to do

    ", + "

    You must arrange to pay your tax bill with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you either:

    ", + "
  • miss a payment
    • ", + "
  • know you cannot pay on time
    • ", + "

    If you pay a tax bill late you must pay interest on the amount you owe until it\u2019s paid off. You can avoid penalties by arranging a payment plan with HMRC before the tax is due \u2013 or by 1 April for Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    If you owe Self Assessment tax and your bill is less than \u00a330,000 you may be able to pay in monthly instalments.

    ", + "

    For any other bills or problems paying, you must contact HMRC to discuss your options. How you contact HMRC depends on what you need to pay.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay your Self Assessment tax in monthly instalments. This includes any delayed (deferred) \u2018payments on account\u2019 that were due in July 2020, if you did not pay them at the time.

    ", + "

    Contact the HMRC coronavirus (COVID-19) helpline if you cannot pay any other tax bills because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    If your business has been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), you may be able to claim a grant through the\u00a0Self-Employment Income Support Scheme.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay your Self Assessment tax bill

    ", + "

    You can set up a payment plan online to spread the cost of your latest Self Assessment bill if:

    ", + "
  • you owe \u00a330,000 or less
    • ", + "
  • you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC
    • ", + "
  • your tax returns are up to date
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline
    • ", + "

    You do not need to contact HMRC if you set up a payment plan.

    ", + "

    Call the Self Assessment helpline if you\u2019re not eligible for a payment plan or cannot use the online service.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay other taxes

    ", + "

    You might be able to set up a Time to Pay Arrangement with HMRC if you\u2019re unable to pay any other taxes in full. This lets you spread the cost of your tax bill by paying what you owe in instalments.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on whether you\u2019ve received a payment demand.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve received a payment demand, like a tax bill or a letter threatening you with legal action, call the HMRC office that sent you the letter.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not received a bill or letter, call the Payment Support Service (PSS).

    ", + "

    Nominated partners in business partnerships can negotiate a Time to Pay Arrangement with HMRC on behalf of the partnership or individual partners.

    ", + "

    Before you contact HMRC

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to know:

    ", + "
  • your reference number (for example, your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference or VAT reference number)
    • ", + "
  • the amount of the tax bill you\u2019re finding it difficult to pay and the reasons why
    • ", + "
  • what you\u2019ve done to try to get the money to pay the bill
    • ", + "
  • how much you can pay immediately and how long you may need to pay the rest
    • ", + "
  • your bank account details
    • ", + "

    What happens when you contact HMRC

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask you about:

    ", + "
  • your income and expenditure
    • ", + "
  • your assets, like savings and investments
    • ", + "
  • what you\u2019re doing to get your tax payments back in order
    • ", + "

    HMRC will decide whether you should be able to pay immediately. If you cannot, they\u2019ll decide whether you\u2019ll be able to get your payments back on track with more time.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked more in-depth questions if you\u2019ve been given more time to pay before. In more complex cases HMRC may ask for evidence before they make a decision.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay immediately if HMRC think you can when you call. You can pay by Direct Debit, corporate credit card or debit card over the phone.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged a fee if you pay by credit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay all your tax bill, you may be able to:

    ", + "
  • pay your bill in instalments by Direct Debit
    • ", + "
  • get more time to pay
    • ", + "

    When you might get more time to pay

    ", + "

    HMRC may offer you extra time to pay if they think you genuinely cannot pay in full now but will be able to pay in the future.

    ", + "

    You can set up a plan to pay in instalments by Direct Debit on dates they agree with you.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC as soon as possible if your circumstances change and you can pay your tax bill faster.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay interest on the amount you pay late.

    ", + "

    You must keep these payments up to date and pay your other tax. If you do not, HMRC will normally cancel the arrangement and take legal action against you straight away.

    ", + "

    When you will not get more time to pay

    ", + "

    If HMRC do not think you can get your payments on track with more time, they will not make an arrangement with you - they\u2019ll expect you to pay your tax bill straight away.

    ", + "

    If you do not, HMRC will start \u2018enforcement action\u2019 to get the money from you.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    The Money Advice Service has more information about debt management and where you can get free debt advice.

    ", + "

    You can also contact HMRC.

    ", + "

    Making a complaint

    ", + "

    You cannot appeal against HMRC\u2019s decision, but you can make a complaint if you\u2019re unhappy about how you were treated.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/if-you-dont-pay-your-tax-bill": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/if-you-dont-pay-your-tax-bill", + "title": "If you do not pay your tax bill", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you do not pay your tax bill on time and cannot make an alternative arrangement to pay, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can take \u2018enforcement action\u2019 to recover any tax you owe.\n\nYou can usually avoid enforcement action by contacting HMRC as soon as you know you\u2019ve missed a tax payment or cannot pay on time.\n\nThey may agree to let you pay what you owe in instalments, or give you more time to pay.\n\nOtherwise, there are a number of enforcement actions HMRC can take to get the tax you owe. They can:\n\n- collect what you owe through your earnings or pension\n\n- ask debt collection agencies to collect the money\n\n- take things you own and sell them (if you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland)\n\n- take money directly from your bank account or building society (if you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland)\n\n- take you to court\n\n- make you bankrupt\n\n- close down your business\n\nIf you do not pay your tax on time, you\u2019ll probably have to pay interest on the outstanding amount. You may also have to pay a penalty or surcharge.\n\n## Through your earnings or pension\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can make deductions from your salary or pension for debts for:\n\n- Self Assessment tax\n\n- Class 2 National Insurance\n\nThey\u2019ll change your tax code to do this.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been paid too much in tax credits, HMRC can also take back the money in this way, or by making deductions from your Universal Credit payments.\n\n## How much\n\nHMRC can take up to \u00a33,000 each tax year if you earn less than \u00a330,000.\n\nIf you earn more than this, HMRC can take higher amounts depending on your salary. They can take up to \u00a317,000 each tax year if you earn \u00a390,000 or more.\n\n## When you\u2019ll start repaying the debt\n\nHMRC will write to you before making changes to your tax code.\n\nThey can change your code immediately, which means you\u2019ll receive less money the next time you\u2019re paid or get income from a pension.\n\nIf you\u2019ve not repaid the debt by the end of the tax year, HMRC can continue to collect what you owe through next year\u2019s tax code.\n\n## If you do not want debt included in your tax code\n\nYou\u2019ll need to either:\n\n- pay the full amount you owe\n\n- contact HMRC to arrange a payment plan\n\n## Debt collection agencies\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can collect your debt through a private debt collection agency.\n\nThe agency will write to you and you should pay them directly.\n\nDebt collection agencies used by HMRC are:\n\n- 1st Locate (trading as LCS)\n\n- Advantis Credit Ltd\n\n- Bluestone Consumer Finance Limited (trading as Bluestone Credit Management)\n\n- BPO Collections Ltd\n\n- CCS Collect (also known as Commercial Collection Services Ltd)\n\n- Moorcroft\n\n- Oriel Collections Limited\n\n- Past Due Credit Solutions (PDCS)\n\n## Taking control of goods (distraint)\n\nIf you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can take things you own, and sell them to pay your debt.\n\nThis is called \u2018taking control of goods\u2019 (or \u2018distraint\u2019 in Northern Ireland). You\u2019ll also be charged certain fees.\n\n## What happens when HMRC visits\n\nAn officer from HMRC will visit you and ask you to pay your debt.\n\nIf you do not pay, the officer will make a list of your possessions that could be sold to cover both your debt and the costs of selling them, for example fees for auctioneers or advertising.\n\nThese possessions can then be either:\n\n- taken immediately by the officer\n\n- left with you under a \u2018Controlled Goods Agreement\u2019 (\u2018Walking Possession\u2019 in Northern Ireland)\n\nThey can be sold if you do not pay within 7 days of the visit. If they sell for more than you owe, you\u2019ll be paid anything over. If they sell for less, you\u2019ll have to pay the difference.\n\n## Enforcement action fees\n\n## England and Wales\n\n| | Flat fee | Plus |\n\n| Issuing a notice of enforcement | \u00a375 | - |\n\n| Take control of goods | \u00a3235 | 7.5% of the proportion of the main debt over \u00a31,500 |\n\n| Goods taken and sold at auction | \u00a3110 | 7.5% of the proportion of the main debt over \u00a31,500 |\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\n| | Fee |\n\n| If you owe under \u00a3100 | \u00a312.50 |\n\n| If you owe more than \u00a3100 | Between 0.25 to 12.5% depending on debt amount |\n\n| Goods taken and sold at auction | Between 7.5% to 15% depending on auction |\n\n## From your bank or building society account\n\nIf you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can take the money you owe directly from your bank or building society account. This is called \u2018direct recovery of debts\u2019.\n\nHMRC will only do this if you:\n\n- have repeatedly refused to pay what you owe\n\n- have received a face-to-face visit from them to discuss your debt\n\n- would have at least \u00a35,000 in your account after they\u2019ve taken the debt\n\n## If HMRC plans to take money from your account\n\nHMRC will write to tell you:\n\n- what they plan to do\n\n- what the process will involve\n\n- how to contact them with any queries\n\n## Court action\n\nIf HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) takes you to court, you may have to pay court fees and HMRC\u2019s costs as well as the tax you owe.\n\n## Magistrates court (England, Wales and Northern Ireland)\n\nHMRC can start magistrates court proceedings against you if:\n\n- you have separate debts of \u00a32,000 each or less\n\n- you\u2019ve owed the money for under a year\n\nYou\u2019ll get a summons before the hearing explaining what you owe and where and when the hearing will be. If you pay, you will not have to go to court.\n\nIf you disagree with the amount on the summons, you\u2019ll need to contact HMRC before your case goes to court.\n\nIf you do not pay, HMRC can ask the court to:\n\n- send bailiffs to take and sell things that you own to cover the debt\n\n- make you bankrupt or close down your company\n\n## County court (England and Wales)\n\nThe court will write to you explaining how much you owe and what you need to do.\n\nIf you disagree with the amount you\u2019re being asked to pay, you may need to go to court to explain why.\n\nIf you do not pay, HMRC can ask the court to:\n\n- send bailiffs to take and sell things that you own to cover the debt\n\n- take the money directly from your earnings\n\n- make you bankrupt or close down your company\n\n- order someone who owes you money to pay your debt\n\n- place a charge on your property\n\n## Sheriff court (Scotland)\n\nHMRC will apply to the court for a warrant to collect your debt. You\u2019ll have 14 days to pay from the date of the warrant.\n\nIf you do not pay, HMRC can ask the court to:\n\n- take the money you owe directly from your pay or from your bank account\n\n- take and sell certain goods from your business premises or your property\n\n- make you bankrupt or close down your company", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you do not pay your tax bill on time and cannot make an alternative arrangement to pay, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can take \u2018enforcement action\u2019 to recover any tax you owe.

    ", + "

    You can usually avoid enforcement action by contacting HMRC as soon as you know you\u2019ve missed a tax payment or cannot pay on time.

    ", + "

    They may agree to let you pay what you owe in instalments, or give you more time to pay.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, there are a number of enforcement actions HMRC can take to get the tax you owe. They can:

    ", + "
  • collect what you owe through your earnings or pension
    • ", + "
  • ask debt collection agencies to collect the money
    • ", + "
  • take things you own and sell them (if you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "
  • take money directly from your bank account or building society (if you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "
  • take you to court
    • ", + "
  • make you bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • close down your business
    • ", + "

    If you do not pay your tax on time, you\u2019ll probably have to pay interest on the outstanding amount. You may also have to pay a penalty or surcharge.

    ", + "

    Through your earnings or pension

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can make deductions from your salary or pension for debts for:

    ", + "
  • Self Assessment tax
    • ", + "
  • Class 2 National Insurance
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll change your tax code to do this.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much in tax credits, HMRC can also take back the money in this way, or by making deductions from your Universal Credit payments.

    ", + "

    How much

    ", + "

    HMRC can take up to \u00a33,000 each tax year if you earn less than \u00a330,000.

    ", + "

    If you earn more than this, HMRC can take higher amounts depending on your salary. They can take up to \u00a317,000 each tax year if you earn \u00a390,000 or more.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll start repaying the debt

    ", + "

    HMRC will write to you before making changes to your tax code.

    ", + "

    They can change your code immediately, which means you\u2019ll receive less money the next time you\u2019re paid or get income from a pension.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not repaid the debt by the end of the tax year, HMRC can continue to collect what you owe through next year\u2019s tax code.

    ", + "

    If you do not want debt included in your tax code

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to either:

    ", + "
  • pay the full amount you owe
    • ", + "
  • contact HMRC to arrange a payment plan
    • ", + "

    Debt collection agencies

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can collect your debt through a private debt collection agency.

    ", + "

    The agency will write to you and you should pay them directly.

    ", + "

    Debt collection agencies used by HMRC are:

    ", + "
  • 1st Locate (trading as LCS)
    • ", + "
  • Advantis Credit Ltd
    • ", + "
  • Bluestone Consumer Finance Limited (trading as Bluestone Credit Management)
    • ", + "
  • BPO Collections Ltd
    • ", + "
  • CCS Collect (also known as Commercial Collection Services Ltd)
    • ", + "
  • Moorcroft
    • ", + "
  • Oriel Collections Limited
    • ", + "
  • Past Due Credit Solutions (PDCS)
    • ", + "

    Taking control of goods (distraint)

    ", + "

    If you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can take things you own, and sell them to pay your debt.

    ", + "

    This is called \u2018taking control of goods\u2019 (or \u2018distraint\u2019 in Northern Ireland). You\u2019ll also be charged certain fees.

    ", + "

    What happens when HMRC visits

    ", + "

    An officer from HMRC will visit you and ask you to pay your debt.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay, the officer will make a list of your possessions that could be sold to cover both your debt and the costs of selling them, for example fees for auctioneers or advertising.

    ", + "

    These possessions can then be either:

    ", + "
  • taken immediately by the officer
    • ", + "
  • left with you under a \u2018Controlled Goods Agreement\u2019 (\u2018Walking Possession\u2019 in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    They can be sold if you do not pay within 7 days of the visit. If they sell for more than you owe, you\u2019ll be paid anything over. If they sell for less, you\u2019ll have to pay the difference.

    ", + "

    Enforcement action fees

    ", + "

    England and Wales

    ", + " | Flat fee | Plus", + "Issuing a notice of enforcement | \u00a375 | -", + "Take control of goods | \u00a3235 | 7.5% of the proportion of the main debt over \u00a31,500", + "Goods taken and sold at auction | \u00a3110 | 7.5% of the proportion of the main debt over \u00a31,500", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + " | Fee", + "If you owe under \u00a3100 | \u00a312.50", + "If you owe more than \u00a3100 | Between 0.25 to 12.5% depending on debt amount", + "Goods taken and sold at auction | Between 7.5% to 15% depending on auction", + "

    From your bank or building society account

    ", + "

    If you live in England, Wales or Northern Ireland, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can take the money you owe directly from your bank or building society account. This is called \u2018direct recovery of debts\u2019.

    ", + "

    HMRC will only do this if you:

    ", + "
  • have repeatedly refused to pay what you owe
    • ", + "
  • have received a face-to-face visit from them to discuss your debt
    • ", + "
  • would have at least \u00a35,000 in your account after they\u2019ve taken the debt
    • ", + "

    If HMRC plans to take money from your account

    ", + "

    HMRC will write to tell you:

    ", + "
  • what they plan to do
    • ", + "
  • what the process will involve
    • ", + "
  • how to contact them with any queries
    • ", + "

    Court action

    ", + "

    If HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) takes you to court, you may have to pay court fees and HMRC\u2019s costs as well as the tax you owe.

    ", + "

    Magistrates court (England, Wales and Northern Ireland)

    ", + "

    HMRC can start magistrates court proceedings against you if:

    ", + "
  • you have separate debts of \u00a32,000 each or less
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve owed the money for under a year
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a summons before the hearing explaining what you owe and where and when the hearing will be. If you pay, you will not have to go to court.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the amount on the summons, you\u2019ll need to contact HMRC before your case goes to court.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay, HMRC can ask the court to:

    ", + "
  • send bailiffs to take and sell things that you own to cover the debt
    • ", + "
  • make you bankrupt or close down your company
    • ", + "

    County court (England and Wales)

    ", + "

    The court will write to you explaining how much you owe and what you need to do.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the amount you\u2019re being asked to pay, you may need to go to court to explain why.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay, HMRC can ask the court to:

    ", + "
  • send bailiffs to take and sell things that you own to cover the debt
    • ", + "
  • take the money directly from your earnings
    • ", + "
  • make you bankrupt or close down your company
    • ", + "
  • order someone who owes you money to pay your debt
    • ", + "
  • place a charge on your property
    • ", + "

    Sheriff court (Scotland)

    ", + "

    HMRC will apply to the court for a warrant to collect your debt. You\u2019ll have 14 days to pay from the date of the warrant.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay, HMRC can ask the court to:

    ", + "
  • take the money you owe directly from your pay or from your bank account
    • ", + "
  • take and sell certain goods from your business premises or your property
    • ", + "
  • make you bankrupt or close down your company
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tell-hmrc-change-of-details": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-hmrc-change-of-details", + "title": "Tell HMRC about a change to your personal details", + "content": "## Change of name or address\n\nHow you contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to update your name or address depends on your situation.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to change your business records if you run a business.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou need to wait until you\u2019ve moved or changed your name before telling HMRC.\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your address\n\nTell HMRC you\u2019ve changed your address. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.\n\nThere are different ways to tell HMRC if you:\n\n- only pay tax through Self Assessment\n\n- are a tax agent, for example an accountant\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your name\n\nTell HMRC your name has changed. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID you can create one when you update your name.\n\nThere are different ways to tell HMRC if you:\n\n- only pay tax through Self Assessment\n\n- are a tax agent, for example an accountant\n\nYour name will be updated automatically if you change gender.\n\n## What happens next\n\nHMRC will update your personal records for:\n\n- Income Tax and National Insurance\n\n- tax credits and benefits, including Child Benefit\n\n- services, including the Pension Service\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email to either:\n\n- confirm your change of details\n\n- ask for more information, for example legal documents for your name change\n\n## Income changes\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about changes to your taxable income.\n\nTo do this you can either:\n\n- check your Income Tax and go to \u2018Tell us about a change\u2019\n\n- call HMRC\n\nIf you do not, you could pay too much tax or get a tax bill at the end of the year.\n\n## What you must tell HMRC\n\nYour employer or pension provider tells HMRC when:\n\n- you start or finish your job\n\n- there\u2019s a change in the money you earn from your job or get from your pension\n\nBut you must tell HMRC about any other changes, for example when you start or stop getting:\n\n- income from a new source, such as money from self-employment or rent from property\n\n- taxable benefits, such as State Pension, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance and Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- benefits from your job, such as a company car\n\n- income above your Personal Allowance\n\n- money over \u00a385,000 from self-employment (you must register for VAT over this amount)\n\n- lump sums from selling things you pay Capital Gains Tax on, such as shares or property that\u2019s not your main home\n\n- income from property, money or shares you inherit, such as dividends from shares or rent from property\n\n## If you get tax credits\n\nTell HMRC separately about changes that affect your tax credits.\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner dies\n\nTell HMRC about changes to your income after the death of your husband, wife or civil partner.\n\n## If you make Self Assessment \u2018payments on account\u2019\n\nTell HMRC if you expect a big decrease in income and you pay your Self Assessment tax bill in advance (\u2018payments on account\u2019). HMRC may decide to reduce your payments.\n\n## After you tell HMRC\n\nHMRC may:\n\n- change your tax code and send you a PAYE Coding notice\n\n- tell you to send a Self Assessment tax return so they can bill you for tax you owe\n\n- send you a refund if you paid too much tax\n\n## Relationship or family changes\n\nTell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if:\n\n- you get married or form a civil partnership\n\n- you divorce, separate or stop living with your husband, wife or partner\n\nYou can tell HMRC online if you\u2019re paid a salary or pension through PAYE. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well, your details will be updated for both.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- a Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have a Government Gateway user ID, you can create one when you tell HMRC online\n\n- a National Insurance number (a temporary reference number will not work).\n\nTell HMRC straight away \u2013 if you do not, you could pay too much tax, or get a tax bill at the end of the year.\n\n## If you get tax credits or Child Benefit\n\nTell HMRC separately about changes to your relationship or family if you get:\n\n- tax credits\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner dies\n\nContact HMRC to report:\n\n- the death of your husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- changes to your income after their death\n\n## Gender change\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually told automatically when you change gender legally by applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate.\n\nTell your employer at the same time - they must update your payroll records and National Insurance contributions.\n\nHMRC will:\n\n- update its records with your gender and any name change\n\n- tell the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)\n\n- restrict your records so only specialist staff at HMRC and DWP can access them\n\n- hand your tax affairs to HMRC\u2019s Public Department 1\n\nOnce you get a letter confirming your records have moved, you can contact Public Department 1 with questions about your tax or National Insurance.\n\n## Tell HMRC yourself\n\nYou can write to Special Section D to tell HMRC:\n\n- about your legal gender change\n\n- about your name change only if you did not change gender legally\n\n- if you do not want them to restrict your records\n\nInclude your National Insurance number, and your original Gender Recognition Certificate if you\u2019ve changed gender legally.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Change of name or address

    ", + "

    How you contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to update your name or address depends on your situation.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to change your business records if you run a business.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You need to wait until you\u2019ve moved or changed your name before telling HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your address

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC you\u2019ve changed your address. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to tell HMRC if you:

    ", + "
  • only pay tax through Self Assessment
    • ", + "
  • are a tax agent, for example an accountant
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your name

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC your name has changed. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID you can create one when you update your name.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to tell HMRC if you:

    ", + "
  • only pay tax through Self Assessment
    • ", + "
  • are a tax agent, for example an accountant
    • ", + "

    Your name will be updated automatically if you change gender.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    HMRC will update your personal records for:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax and National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • tax credits and benefits, including Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • services, including the Pension Service
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email to either:

    ", + "
  • confirm your change of details
    • ", + "
  • ask for more information, for example legal documents for your name change
    • ", + "

    Income changes

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about changes to your taxable income.

    ", + "

    To do this you can either:

    ", + "
  • check your Income Tax and go to \u2018Tell us about a change\u2019
    • ", + "
  • call HMRC
    • ", + "

    If you do not, you could pay too much tax or get a tax bill at the end of the year.

    ", + "

    What you must tell HMRC

    ", + "

    Your employer or pension provider tells HMRC when:

    ", + "
  • you start or finish your job
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s a change in the money you earn from your job or get from your pension
    • ", + "

    But you must tell HMRC about any other changes, for example when you start or stop getting:

    ", + "
  • income from a new source, such as money from self-employment or rent from property
    • ", + "
  • taxable benefits, such as State Pension, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance and Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • benefits from your job, such as a company car
    • ", + "
  • income above your Personal Allowance
    • ", + "
  • money over \u00a385,000 from self-employment (you must register for VAT over this amount)
    • ", + "
  • lump sums from selling things you pay Capital Gains Tax on, such as shares or property that\u2019s not your main home
    • ", + "
  • income from property, money or shares you inherit, such as dividends from shares or rent from property
    • ", + "

    If you get tax credits

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC separately about changes that affect your tax credits.

    ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner dies

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC about changes to your income after the death of your husband, wife or civil partner.

    ", + "

    If you make Self Assessment \u2018payments on account\u2019

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC if you expect a big decrease in income and you pay your Self Assessment tax bill in advance (\u2018payments on account\u2019). HMRC may decide to reduce your payments.

    ", + "

    After you tell HMRC

    ", + "

    HMRC may:

    ", + "
  • change your tax code and send you a PAYE Coding notice
    • ", + "
  • tell you to send a Self Assessment tax return so they can bill you for tax you owe
    • ", + "
  • send you a refund if you paid too much tax
    • ", + "

    Relationship or family changes

    ", + "

    Tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if:

    ", + "
  • you get married or form a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you divorce, separate or stop living with your husband, wife or partner
    • ", + "

    You can tell HMRC online if you\u2019re paid a salary or pension through PAYE. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well, your details will be updated for both.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have a Government Gateway user ID, you can create one when you tell HMRC online
    • ", + "
  • a National Insurance number (a temporary reference number will not work).
    • ", + "

    Tell HMRC straight away \u2013 if you do not, you could pay too much tax, or get a tax bill at the end of the year.

    ", + "

    If you get tax credits or Child Benefit

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC separately about changes to your relationship or family if you get:

    ", + "
  • tax credits
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner dies

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC to report:

    ", + "
  • the death of your husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • changes to your income after their death
    • ", + "

    Gender change

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually told automatically when you change gender legally by applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate.

    ", + "

    Tell your employer at the same time - they must update your payroll records and National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    HMRC will:

    ", + "
  • update its records with your gender and any name change
    • ", + "
  • tell the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)
    • ", + "
  • restrict your records so only specialist staff at HMRC and DWP can access them
    • ", + "
  • hand your tax affairs to HMRC\u2019s Public Department 1
    • ", + "

    Once you get a letter confirming your records have moved, you can contact Public Department 1 with questions about your tax or National Insurance.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC yourself

    ", + "

    You can write to Special Section D to tell HMRC:

    ", + "
  • about your legal gender change
    • ", + "
  • about your name change only if you did not change gender legally
    • ", + "
  • if you do not want them to restrict your records
    • ", + "

    Include your National Insurance number, and your original Gender Recognition Certificate if you\u2019ve changed gender legally.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-reliefs": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-reliefs", + "title": "Claim Income Tax reliefs", + "content": "## Overview\n\n\u2018Tax relief\u2019 means that you either:\n\n- pay less tax to take account of money you\u2019ve spent on specific things, like business expenses if you\u2019re self-employed\n\n- get tax back or get it repaid in another way, like into a personal pension\n\nYou get some types of tax relief automatically - but some you must apply for.\n\n## When you can get tax relief\n\nTax relief applies to pension contributions, charity donations, maintenance payments and time spent working on a ship outside the UK.\n\nIt also applies to work or business expenses \u2013\u00a0you may be able to:\n\n- get tax relief on what you spend running your business if you\u2019re self-employed (a sole trader or partner in a partnership)\n\n- claim tax relief if you\u2019re employed and you use your own money for travel and things that you must buy for your job\n\n## Charity donations: tax relief\n\nDonations to charity from individuals are tax free. You can get tax relief if you donate:\n\n- through Gift Aid\n\n- straight from your wages or pension, through Payroll Giving\n\n## Donations through Gift Aid\n\nCharities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) can register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to be part of the Gift Aid scheme. When they\u2019re registered, they can claim back the tax you\u2019ve already paid on your donation.\n\nThe charity or CASC will give you a form to sign. They must also have an HMRC charity reference number - ask the charity or CASC if you\u2019re not sure.\n\nIf the charity or CASC gets back more tax than you\u2019ve paid, HMRC may ask you to pay more tax to cover the difference.\n\n## You pay Income Tax above the 20% basic rate\n\nYou can claim back the difference between the tax you\u2019ve paid on the donation and what the charity got back when you fill in your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nIf you don\u2019t fill in a Self Assessment tax return, call HMRC to tell them about your charity donations.\n\n## You get Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\nYour tax-free allowance may increase if you make donations through Gift Aid and claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf you fill in a Self Assessment tax return, your allowance will be adjusted automatically if it needs to be.\n\nIf you don\u2019t, call HMRC to tell them about your charity donations.\n\n## Payroll Giving schemes\n\nIf your employer or pension provider offers a Payroll Giving scheme, any donations you give through the scheme will be taken before Income Tax is taken off.\n\nYou\u2019ll still pay National Insurance contributions on the amount of your donation. But you won\u2019t pay any Income Tax on the amount you donate.\n\n## Maintenance payments: tax relief\n\nMaintenance Payments Relief reduces your Income Tax if you make maintenance payments to an ex-spouse or civil partner.\n\nYou can get it if all of the following apply:\n\n- either of you were born before 6 April 1935\n\n- you\u2019re paying maintenance under a court order after the relationship has ended\n\n- the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-spouse or former civil partner (provided they aren\u2019t now remarried or in a new civil partnership) or for your children who are under 21\n\nMaintenance Payments Relief is worth 10% of the maintenance you pay to your ex-spouse or civil partner, up to a maximum of \u00a3326 a year (or 10% of \u00a33,260).\n\nTo claim it, call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    \u2018Tax relief\u2019 means that you either:

    ", + "
  • pay less tax to take account of money you\u2019ve spent on specific things, like business expenses if you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "
  • get tax back or get it repaid in another way, like into a personal pension
    • ", + "

    You get some types of tax relief automatically - but some you must apply for.

    ", + "

    When you can get tax relief

    ", + "

    Tax relief applies to pension contributions, charity donations, maintenance payments and time spent working on a ship outside the UK.

    ", + "

    It also applies to work or business expenses \u2013\u00a0you may be able to:

    ", + "
  • get tax relief on what you spend running your business if you\u2019re self-employed (a sole trader or partner in a partnership)
    • ", + "
  • claim tax relief if you\u2019re employed and you use your own money for travel and things that you must buy for your job
    • ", + "

    Charity donations: tax relief

    ", + "

    Donations to charity from individuals are tax free. You can get tax relief if you donate:

    ", + "
  • through Gift Aid
    • ", + "
  • straight from your wages or pension, through Payroll Giving
    • ", + "

    Donations through Gift Aid

    ", + "

    Charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) can register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to be part of the Gift Aid scheme. When they\u2019re registered, they can claim back the tax you\u2019ve already paid on your donation.

    ", + "

    The charity or CASC will give you a form to sign. They must also have an HMRC charity reference number - ask the charity or CASC if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    If the charity or CASC gets back more tax than you\u2019ve paid, HMRC may ask you to pay more tax to cover the difference.

    ", + "

    You pay Income Tax above the 20% basic rate

    ", + "

    You can claim back the difference between the tax you\u2019ve paid on the donation and what the charity got back when you fill in your Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t fill in a Self Assessment tax return, call HMRC to tell them about your charity donations.

    ", + "

    You get Married Couple\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    Your tax-free allowance may increase if you make donations through Gift Aid and claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    If you fill in a Self Assessment tax return, your allowance will be adjusted automatically if it needs to be.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t, call HMRC to tell them about your charity donations.

    ", + "

    Payroll Giving schemes

    ", + "

    If your employer or pension provider offers a Payroll Giving scheme, any donations you give through the scheme will be taken before Income Tax is taken off.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still pay National Insurance contributions on the amount of your donation. But you won\u2019t pay any Income Tax on the amount you donate.

    ", + "

    Maintenance payments: tax relief

    ", + "

    Maintenance Payments Relief reduces your Income Tax if you make maintenance payments to an ex-spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    You can get it if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • either of you were born before 6 April 1935
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re paying maintenance under a court order after the relationship has ended
    • ", + "
  • the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-spouse or former civil partner (provided they aren\u2019t now remarried or in a new civil partnership) or for your children who are under 21
    • ", + "

    Maintenance Payments Relief is worth 10% of the maintenance you pay to your ex-spouse or civil partner, up to a maximum of \u00a3326 a year (or 10% of \u00a33,260).

    ", + "

    To claim it, call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-relief-for-employees": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-relief-for-employees", + "title": "Claim tax relief for your job expenses", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou might be able to claim tax relief if:\n\n- you use your own money for things that you must buy for your job\n\n- you only use these things for your work\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief if your employer either gives you:\n\n- all the money back\n\n- an alternative, for example your employer gives you a laptop but you want a different type or model\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou must have paid tax in the year. You\u2019ll get tax relief based on what you\u2019ve spent and the rate at which you pay tax.\n\nFor some claims, you must keep records of what you\u2019ve spent. You must claim within 4 years of the end of the tax year that you spent the money.\n\nIf your claim is for the current tax year, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will usually make any adjustments needed through your tax code.\n\nIf your claim is for previous tax years, HMRC will either make adjustments through your tax code or give you a tax refund.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Working from home\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief for additional household costs if you have to work at home on a regular basis, either for all or part of the week. This includes if you have to work from home because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief if you choose to work from home.\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief for:\n\n- gas and electricity\n\n- metered water\n\n- business phone calls, including dial-up internet access\n\nYou cannot claim for the whole bill, just the part that relates to your work.\n\nYou may also be able to claim tax relief on equipment you\u2019ve bought, such as a laptop, chair or mobile phone.\n\n## How much you can claim\n\nYou can either claim tax relief on:\n\n- \u00a36 a week from 6 April 2020 (for previous tax years the rate is \u00a34 a week) - you will not need to keep evidence of your extra costs\n\n- the exact amount of extra costs you\u2019ve incurred above the weekly amount - you\u2019ll need evidence such as receipts, bills or contracts\n\nYou\u2019ll get tax relief based on the rate at which you pay tax. For example, if you pay the 20% basic rate of tax and claim tax relief on \u00a36 a week you would get \u00a31.20 per week in tax relief (20% of \u00a36).\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Uniforms, work clothing and tools\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief on the cost of:\n\n- repairing or replacing small tools you need to do your job (for example, scissors or an electric drill)\n\n- cleaning, repairing or replacing specialist clothing (for example, a uniform or safety boots)\n\nYou cannot claim relief on the initial cost of buying small tools or clothing for work.\n\n## Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief for PPE. If your job requires you to use PPE your employer should either:\n\n- give you PPE free of charge\n\n- ask you to buy it and reimburse you the costs\n\n## How much you can claim\n\nYou can either claim:\n\n- the actual amount you\u2019ve spent - you\u2019ll need to keep receipts\n\n- an agreed fixed amount (a \u2018flat rate expense\u2019 or \u2018flat rate deduction\u2019)\n\nCheck if your job has an agreed flat rate expense.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Vehicles you use for work\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief if you use cars, vans, motorcycles or bicycles for work.\n\nThis does not include travelling to and from your work, unless it\u2019s a temporary place of work.\n\nHow much you can claim depends on whether you\u2019re using:\n\n- a vehicle that you\u2019ve bought or leased with your own money\n\n- a vehicle owned or leased by your employer (a company vehicle)\n\n## Using your own vehicle for work\n\nIf you use your own vehicle or vehicles for work, you may be able to claim tax relief on the approved mileage rate. This covers the cost of owning and running your vehicle. You cannot claim separately for things like:\n\n- fuel\n\n- electricity\n\n- road tax\n\n- MOTs\n\n- repairs\n\nTo work out how much you can claim for each tax year you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- keep records of the dates and mileage or your work journeys\n\n- add up the mileage for each vehicle type you\u2019ve used for work\n\n- take away any amount your employer pays you towards your costs, (sometimes called a \u2018mileage allowance\u2019)\n\n## Approved mileage rates\n\n| | First 10,000 business miles in the tax year | Each business mile over 10,000 in the tax year |\n\n| Cars and vans | 45p | 25p |\n\n| Motorcycles | 24p | 24p |\n\n| Bicycles | 20p | 20p |\n\n## Using a company car for business\n\nYou can claim tax relief on the money you\u2019ve spent on fuel and electricity, for business trips in your company car. Keep records to show the actual cost of the fuel.\n\nIf your employer reimburses some of the money, you can claim relief on the difference.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Professional fees and subscriptions\n\nYou can claim tax relief on:\n\n- professional membership fees, if you must pay the fees to be able to do your job\n\n- annual subscriptions you pay to approved professional bodies or learned societies if being a member of that body or society is relevant to your job\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief on life membership subscriptions, or for professional membership fees or annual subscriptions you:\n\n- have not paid yourself (for example if your employer has paid for them)\n\n- have paid to professional organisations that are not approved by HMRC\n\nYour organisation can tell you how much tax you\u2019re allowed to claim back.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Travel and overnight expenses\n\nIf you have to travel for your work you may be able to claim tax relief on the cost or money you\u2019ve spent on food or overnight expenses.\n\nYou cannot claim for travelling to and from work, unless you\u2019re travelling to a temporary place of work.\n\nYou can claim tax relief for money you\u2019ve spent on things like:\n\n- public transport costs\n\n- hotel accommodation if you have to stay overnight\n\n- food and drink\n\n- congestion charges and tolls\n\n- parking fees\n\n- business phone calls and printing costs\n\nYou may also be able to claim tax relief on business mileage.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Buying other equipment\n\nIn most cases you can claim tax relief on the full cost of substantial equipment, for example a computer, you have to buy to do your work. This is because it qualifies for a type of capital allowance called annual investment allowance.\n\nYou cannot claim capital allowances for cars, motorcycles or bicycles you use for work, but you may be able to claim for business mileage and fuel costs.\n\nYou claim in a different way for small items that\u2019ll last less than 2 years, such as uniforms and tools.\n\nYou can only claim tax relief for equipment expenses if:\n\n- you need it to do your job\n\n- you use the equipment for work and there\u2019s no significant private use - this includes using the equipment according to your organisation\u2019s policy\n\n## If your employer gives you money for the item\n\nReduce the amount you claim tax relief on by the amount of money your employer gives you.\n\nCheck if you can claim", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might be able to claim tax relief if:

    ", + "
  • you use your own money for things that you must buy for your job
    • ", + "
  • you only use these things for your work
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim tax relief if your employer either gives you:

    ", + "
  • all the money back
    • ", + "
  • an alternative, for example your employer gives you a laptop but you want a different type or model
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You must have paid tax in the year. You\u2019ll get tax relief based on what you\u2019ve spent and the rate at which you pay tax.

    ", + "

    For some claims, you must keep records of what you\u2019ve spent. You must claim within 4 years of the end of the tax year that you spent the money.

    ", + "

    If your claim is for the current tax year, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will usually make any adjustments needed through your tax code.

    ", + "

    If your claim is for previous tax years, HMRC will either make adjustments through your tax code or give you a tax refund.

    ", + "

    Check if you can claim

    ", + "

    Working from home

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief for additional household costs if you have to work at home on a regular basis, either for all or part of the week. This includes if you have to work from home because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You cannot claim tax relief if you choose to work from home.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief for:

    ", + "
  • gas and electricity
    • ", + "
  • metered water
    • ", + "
  • business phone calls, including dial-up internet access
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim for the whole bill, just the part that relates to your work.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to claim tax relief on equipment you\u2019ve bought, such as a laptop, chair or mobile phone.

    ", + "

    How much you can claim

    ", + "

    You can either claim tax relief on:

    ", + "
  • \u00a36 a week from 6 April 2020 (for previous tax years the rate is \u00a34 a week) - you will not need to keep evidence of your extra costs
    • ", + "
  • the exact amount of extra costs you\u2019ve incurred above the weekly amount - you\u2019ll need evidence such as receipts, bills or contracts
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get tax relief based on the rate at which you pay tax. For example, if you pay the 20% basic rate of tax and claim tax relief on \u00a36 a week you would get \u00a31.20 per week in tax relief (20% of \u00a36).

    ", + "

    Check if you can claim

    ", + "

    Uniforms, work clothing and tools

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief on the cost of:

    ", + "
  • repairing or replacing small tools you need to do your job (for example, scissors or an electric drill)
    • ", + "
  • cleaning, repairing or replacing specialist clothing (for example, a uniform or safety boots)
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim relief on the initial cost of buying small tools or clothing for work.

    ", + "

    Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

    ", + "

    You cannot claim tax relief for PPE. If your job requires you to use PPE your employer should either:

    ", + "
  • give you PPE free of charge
    • ", + "
  • ask you to buy it and reimburse you the costs
    • ", + "

    How much you can claim

    ", + "

    You can either claim:

    ", + "
  • the actual amount you\u2019ve spent - you\u2019ll need to keep receipts
    • ", + "
  • an agreed fixed amount (a \u2018flat rate expense\u2019 or \u2018flat rate deduction\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Check if your job has an agreed flat rate expense.

    ", + "

    Check if you can claim

    ", + "

    Vehicles you use for work

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief if you use cars, vans, motorcycles or bicycles for work.

    ", + "

    This does not include travelling to and from your work, unless it\u2019s a temporary place of work.

    ", + "

    How much you can claim depends on whether you\u2019re using:

    ", + "
  • a vehicle that you\u2019ve bought or leased with your own money
    • ", + "
  • a vehicle owned or leased by your employer (a company vehicle)
    • ", + "

    Using your own vehicle for work

    ", + "

    If you use your own vehicle or vehicles for work, you may be able to claim tax relief on the approved mileage rate. This covers the cost of owning and running your vehicle. You cannot claim separately for things like:

    ", + "
  • fuel
    • ", + "
  • electricity
    • ", + "
  • road tax
    • ", + "
  • MOTs
    • ", + "
  • repairs
    • ", + "

    To work out how much you can claim for each tax year you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • keep records of the dates and mileage or your work journeys
    • ", + "
  • add up the mileage for each vehicle type you\u2019ve used for work
    • ", + "
  • take away any amount your employer pays you towards your costs, (sometimes called a \u2018mileage allowance\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Approved mileage rates

    ", + " | First 10,000 business miles in the tax year | Each business mile over 10,000 in the tax year", + "Cars and vans | 45p | 25p", + "Motorcycles | 24p | 24p", + "Bicycles | 20p | 20p", + "

    Using a company car for business

    ", + "

    You can claim tax relief on the money you\u2019ve spent on fuel and electricity, for business trips in your company car. Keep records to show the actual cost of the fuel.

    ", + "

    If your employer reimburses some of the money, you can claim relief on the difference.

    ", + "

    Check if you can claim

    ", + "

    Professional fees and subscriptions

    ", + "

    You can claim tax relief on:

    ", + "
  • professional membership fees, if you must pay the fees to be able to do your job
    • ", + "
  • annual subscriptions you pay to approved professional bodies or learned societies if being a member of that body or society is relevant to your job
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim tax relief on life membership subscriptions, or for professional membership fees or annual subscriptions you:

    ", + "
  • have not paid yourself (for example if your employer has paid for them)
    • ", + "
  • have paid to professional organisations that are not approved by HMRC
    • ", + "

    Your organisation can tell you how much tax you\u2019re allowed to claim back.

    ", + "

    Check if you can claim

    ", + "

    Travel and overnight expenses

    ", + "

    If you have to travel for your work you may be able to claim tax relief on the cost or money you\u2019ve spent on food or overnight expenses.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for travelling to and from work, unless you\u2019re travelling to a temporary place of work.

    ", + "

    You can claim tax relief for money you\u2019ve spent on things like:

    ", + "
  • public transport costs
    • ", + "
  • hotel accommodation if you have to stay overnight
    • ", + "
  • food and drink
    • ", + "
  • congestion charges and tolls
    • ", + "
  • parking fees
    • ", + "
  • business phone calls and printing costs
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to claim tax relief on business mileage.

    ", + "

    Check if you can claim

    ", + "

    Buying other equipment

    ", + "

    In most cases you can claim tax relief on the full cost of substantial equipment, for example a computer, you have to buy to do your work. This is because it qualifies for a type of capital allowance called annual investment allowance.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim capital allowances for cars, motorcycles or bicycles you use for work, but you may be able to claim for business mileage and fuel costs.

    ", + "

    You claim in a different way for small items that\u2019ll last less than 2 years, such as uniforms and tools.

    ", + "

    You can only claim tax relief for equipment expenses if:

    ", + "
  • you need it to do your job
    • ", + "
  • you use the equipment for work and there\u2019s no significant private use - this includes using the equipment according to your organisation\u2019s policy
    • ", + "

    If your employer gives you money for the item

    ", + "

    Reduce the amount you claim tax relief on by the amount of money your employer gives you.

    ", + "

    Check if you can claim

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax", + "title": "Income Tax", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIncome Tax is a tax you pay on your income. You do not have to pay tax on all types of income.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou pay tax on things like:\n\n- money you earn from employment\n\n- profits you make if you\u2019re self-employed - including from services you sell through websites or apps\n\n- some state benefits\n\n- some grants, including the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme, the Small Business Grant Fund, the Retail, Hospitality and Leisure Grant Fund, the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme and the Test and Trace Support Payment in England (or the Self-isolation Support Payment in Scotland and the Self-isolation Support Scheme in Wales)\n\n- most pensions, including state pensions, company and personal pensions and retirement annuities\n\n- rental income (unless you\u2019re a live-in landlord and get less than the rent a room limit)\n\n- benefits you get from your job\n\n- income from a trust\n\n- interest on savings over your savings allowance\n\nYou do not pay tax on things like:\n\n- the first \u00a31,000 of income from self-employment - this is your \u2018trading allowance\u2019\n\n- the first \u00a31,000 of income from property you rent (unless you\u2019re using the Rent a Room Scheme)\n\n- income from tax-exempt accounts, like Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs) and National Savings Certificates\n\n- dividends from company shares under your dividends allowance\n\n- some state benefits\n\n- premium bond or National Lottery wins\n\n- rent you get from a lodger in your house that\u2019s below the rent a room limit\n\nIf you only occasionally sell items or rent out property (for example through auction websites or short-term rental apps), check if you need to tell HMRC about this income.\n\n## Income Tax allowances and reliefs\n\nMost people in the UK get a Personal Allowance of tax-free income. This is the amount of income you can have before you pay tax.\n\nThe amount of tax you pay can also be reduced by tax reliefs if you qualify for them.\n\n## How you pay Income Tax\n\n## Pay As You Earn (PAYE)\n\nMost people pay Income Tax through PAYE. This is the system your employer or pension provider uses to take Income Tax and National Insurance contributions before they pay your wages or pension. Your tax code tells your employer how much to deduct.\n\n## Tax on state benefits\n\nYour tax code can take account of taxable state benefits, so if you owe tax on them (for example for the State Pension) it\u2019s usually taken automatically from your other income.\n\nIf the State Pension is your only income, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to you if you owe Income Tax. You may need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\n## Self Assessment tax returns\n\nIf your financial affairs are more complex (for example you\u2019re self-employed or have a high income) you may pay Income Tax and National Insurance through Self Assessment. You\u2019ll need to fill in a tax return every year.\n\nYou must also fill in a tax return if you earned more than either:\n\n- \u00a31,000 from self-employment\n\n- \u00a32,500 from other untaxed income, for example from tips or renting out a property\n\nContact the Income Tax helpline if your income from renting out a property was between \u00a31,000 and \u00a32,500.\n\n## Tax-free and taxable state benefits\n\n## State benefits that are taxable\n\nThe most common benefits that you pay Income Tax on are:\n\n- Bereavement Allowance (previously Widow\u2019s pension)\n\n- Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- Incapacity Benefit (from the 29th week you get it)\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)\n\n- pensions paid by the Industrial Death Benefit scheme\n\n- the State Pension\n\n- Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance\n\n## Tax-free state benefits\n\nThe most common state benefits you do not have to pay Income Tax on are:\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Bereavement support payment\n\n- Child Benefit (income-based - use the Child Benefit tax calculator to see if you\u2019ll have to pay tax)\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n- Disability Living Allowance (DLA)\n\n- free TV licence for over-75s\n\n- Guardian\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Income Support - though you may have to pay tax on Income Support if you\u2019re involved in a strike\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- Industrial Injuries Benefit\n\n- lump-sum bereavement payments\n\n- Maternity Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Personal Independence Payment (PIP)\n\n- Severe Disablement Allowance\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- War Widow\u2019s Pension\n\n- Winter Fuel Payments and Christmas Bonus\n\n- Working Tax Credit\n\n## Work out if you need to pay Income Tax\n\nTo work out if you should be paying Income Tax, follow these steps.\n\n- Add up all your taxable income, including taxable state benefits.\n\n- Work out your tax-free allowances.\n\n- Take your tax-free allowances away from your taxable income.\n\nIf there\u2019s anything left, you\u2019re a taxpayer. Contact the Income Tax helpline if you\u2019re not already paying tax.\n\nIf there\u2019s nothing left, you should not be paying tax and may be due a refund.\n\n## Check you're paying the right amount\n\nYou can see if you\u2019re paying the right amount of Income Tax online. For the current tax year (6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022), you can:\n\n- check your Income Tax payments\n\n- work out how much Income Tax you should be paying\n\nYou can also:\n\n- check how much Income Tax you paid last year (6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021)\n\n- estimate how much Income Tax you should have paid in a previous year\n\nIf you cannot use these services, you can check you\u2019ve paid the right tax by contacting HMRC or by getting help from an accountant.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to change a Self Assessment tax return.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Income Tax is a tax you pay on your income. You do not have to pay tax on all types of income.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You pay tax on things like:

    ", + "
  • money you earn from employment
    • ", + "
  • profits you make if you\u2019re self-employed - including from services you sell through websites or apps
    • ", + "
  • some state benefits
    • ", + "
  • some grants, including the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme, the Small Business Grant Fund, the Retail, Hospitality and Leisure Grant Fund, the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme and the Test and Trace Support Payment in England (or the Self-isolation Support Payment in Scotland and the Self-isolation Support Scheme in Wales)
    • ", + "
  • most pensions, including state pensions, company and personal pensions and retirement annuities
    • ", + "
  • rental income (unless you\u2019re a live-in landlord and get less than the rent a room limit)
    • ", + "
  • benefits you get from your job
    • ", + "
  • income from a trust
    • ", + "
  • interest on savings over your savings allowance
    • ", + "

    You do not pay tax on things like:

    ", + "
  • the first \u00a31,000 of income from self-employment - this is your \u2018trading allowance\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the first \u00a31,000 of income from property you rent (unless you\u2019re using the Rent a Room Scheme)
    • ", + "
  • income from tax-exempt accounts, like Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs) and National Savings Certificates
    • ", + "
  • dividends from company shares under your dividends allowance
    • ", + "
  • some state benefits
    • ", + "
  • premium bond or National Lottery wins
    • ", + "
  • rent you get from a lodger in your house that\u2019s below the rent a room limit
    • ", + "

    If you only occasionally sell items or rent out property (for example through auction websites or short-term rental apps), check if you need to tell HMRC about this income.

    ", + "

    Income Tax allowances and reliefs

    ", + "

    Most people in the UK get a Personal Allowance of tax-free income. This is the amount of income you can have before you pay tax.

    ", + "

    The amount of tax you pay can also be reduced by tax reliefs if you qualify for them.

    ", + "

    How you pay Income Tax

    ", + "

    Pay As You Earn (PAYE)

    ", + "

    Most people pay Income Tax through PAYE. This is the system your employer or pension provider uses to take Income Tax and National Insurance contributions before they pay your wages or pension. Your tax code tells your employer how much to deduct.

    ", + "

    Tax on state benefits

    ", + "

    Your tax code can take account of taxable state benefits, so if you owe tax on them (for example for the State Pension) it\u2019s usually taken automatically from your other income.

    ", + "

    If the State Pension is your only income, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to you if you owe Income Tax. You may need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    Self Assessment tax returns

    ", + "

    If your financial affairs are more complex (for example you\u2019re self-employed or have a high income) you may pay Income Tax and National Insurance through Self Assessment. You\u2019ll need to fill in a tax return every year.

    ", + "

    You must also fill in a tax return if you earned more than either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,000 from self-employment
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,500 from other untaxed income, for example from tips or renting out a property
    • ", + "

    Contact the Income Tax helpline if your income from renting out a property was between \u00a31,000 and \u00a32,500.

    ", + "

    Tax-free and taxable state benefits

    ", + "

    State benefits that are taxable

    ", + "

    The most common benefits that you pay Income Tax on are:

    ", + "
  • Bereavement Allowance (previously Widow\u2019s pension)
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit (from the 29th week you get it)
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • pensions paid by the Industrial Death Benefit scheme
    • ", + "
  • the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    Tax-free state benefits

    ", + "

    The most common state benefits you do not have to pay Income Tax on are:

    ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Bereavement support payment
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit (income-based - use the Child Benefit tax calculator to see if you\u2019ll have to pay tax)
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance (DLA)
    • ", + "
  • free TV licence for over-75s
    • ", + "
  • Guardian\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Income Support - though you may have to pay tax on Income Support if you\u2019re involved in a strike
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Industrial Injuries Benefit
    • ", + "
  • lump-sum bereavement payments
    • ", + "
  • Maternity Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • Severe Disablement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • War Widow\u2019s Pension
    • ", + "
  • Winter Fuel Payments and Christmas Bonus
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit
    • ", + "

    Work out if you need to pay Income Tax

    ", + "

    To work out if you should be paying Income Tax, follow these steps.

    ", + "
  • Add up all your taxable income, including taxable state benefits.
    • ", + "
  • Work out your tax-free allowances.
    • ", + "
  • Take your tax-free allowances away from your taxable income.
    • ", + "

    If there\u2019s anything left, you\u2019re a taxpayer. Contact the Income Tax helpline if you\u2019re not already paying tax.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s nothing left, you should not be paying tax and may be due a refund.

    ", + "

    Check you're paying the right amount

    ", + "

    You can see if you\u2019re paying the right amount of Income Tax online. For the current tax year (6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022), you can:

    ", + "
  • check your Income Tax payments
    • ", + "
  • work out how much Income Tax you should be paying
    • ", + "

    You can also:

    ", + "
  • check how much Income Tax you paid last year (6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021)
    • ", + "
  • estimate how much Income Tax you should have paid in a previous year
    • ", + "

    If you cannot use these services, you can check you\u2019ve paid the right tax by contacting HMRC or by getting help from an accountant.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to change a Self Assessment tax return.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax", + "title": "Income Tax in Scotland", + "content": "## Current rates\n\nYou pay Scottish Income Tax if you live in Scotland. It\u2019s paid to the Scottish Government.\n\nScottish Income Tax applies to your wages, pension and most other taxable income.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay the same tax as the rest of the UK on dividends and savings interest.\n\n## What you\u2019ll pay\n\nThe table shows the 2021 to 2022 Scottish Income Tax rates you pay in each band if you have a standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,570. You do not get a Personal Allowance if you earn over \u00a3125,140.\n\n| Band | Taxable income | Scottish tax rate |\n\n| Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0% |\n\n| Starter rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a314,667 | 19% |\n\n| Basic rate | \u00a314,668 to \u00a325,296 | 20% |\n\n| Intermediate rate | \u00a325,297 to \u00a343,662 | 21% |\n\n| Higher rate | \u00a343,663 to \u00a3150,000 | 41% |\n\n| Top rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 46% |\n\n## Who pays\n\nYou pay Scottish Income Tax if you live in Scotland.\n\nYou may also pay Scottish Income Tax if you:\n\n- move to or from Scotland\n\n- live in a home in Scotland and one elsewhere in the UK, for example for work\n\n- do not have a home and stay in Scotland regularly, for example you stay offshore or in hotels\n\n## How you pay\n\nIf you\u2019re employed or get a pension, your tax code will start with an \u2018S\u2019. This tells your employer or pension provider to deduct tax at the Scottish rate.\n\nYour tax code will be S1250L if you pay Scottish Income Tax and get the standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,500.\n\nIf you fill in an online Self Assessment tax return, there\u2019s a box for you to tell HMRC that you pay Scottish Income Tax.\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If you move to or from Scotland\n\nYou pay Scottish Income Tax if you move to Scotland and live there for a longer period than anywhere else in the UK during a tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).\n\nYou must tell HMRC of your new address if you move to or from Scotland. You may pay tax at the wrong rate if you do not.\n\n## If HMRC changes your tax rate\n\nThe new rate you pay will be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April) in which you moved. The tax taken from your wages or pension will be adjusted automatically so you pay the right amount across the whole year.\n\n## If you live in more than one home\n\nYou need to know which is your main home if you have one in Scotland and one somewhere else in the UK.\n\n## What counts as your main home\n\nYour main home is usually where you live and spend most of your time.\n\nIt does not matter whether you own it, rent it or live in it for free.\n\nYour main home may be the home where you spend less time if that\u2019s where:\n\n- most of your possessions are\n\n- your family lives, if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re registered for things like your bank account, GP or car insurance\n\n- you\u2019re a member of clubs or societies\n\nThis might apply to you if you live away because of your work, for example you\u2019re a lorry driver, an offshore worker or in the armed forces.\n\nYou can contact HMRC to change which home counts as your main one.\n\n## If you\u2019re not sure which is your main home\n\nHMRC has detailed information about working out which is your main home, including if:\n\n- you\u2019re a mobile worker, for example your job means you travel most of the time\n\n- you\u2019re a student\n\n- you do not have a permanent home\n\n## 2020 to 2021 tax year\n\nYou pay a different rate of tax for income from the tax year 6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021.\n\n| Band | Taxable income | Scottish tax rate |\n\n| Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,500 | 0% |\n\n| Starter rate | \u00a312,501 to \u00a314,585 | 19% |\n\n| Basic rate | \u00a314,586 to \u00a325,158 | 20% |\n\n| Intermediate rate | \u00a325,159 to \u00a343,430 | 21% |\n\n| Higher rate | \u00a343,431 to \u00a3150,000 | 41% |\n\n| Top rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 46% |\n\nIt applies to your wages, pension and most other taxable income.\n\nYou pay the same tax as the rest of the UK on dividends and savings interest.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Current rates

    ", + "

    You pay Scottish Income Tax if you live in Scotland. It\u2019s paid to the Scottish Government.

    ", + "

    Scottish Income Tax applies to your wages, pension and most other taxable income.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay the same tax as the rest of the UK on dividends and savings interest.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll pay

    ", + "

    The table shows the 2021 to 2022 Scottish Income Tax rates you pay in each band if you have a standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,570. You do not get a Personal Allowance if you earn over \u00a3125,140.

    ", + "Band | Taxable income | Scottish tax rate", + "Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0%", + "Starter rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a314,667 | 19%", + "Basic rate | \u00a314,668 to \u00a325,296 | 20%", + "Intermediate rate | \u00a325,297 to \u00a343,662 | 21%", + "Higher rate | \u00a343,663 to \u00a3150,000 | 41%", + "Top rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 46%", + "

    Who pays

    ", + "

    You pay Scottish Income Tax if you live in Scotland.

    ", + "

    You may also pay Scottish Income Tax if you:

    ", + "
  • move to or from Scotland
    • ", + "
  • live in a home in Scotland and one elsewhere in the UK, for example for work
    • ", + "
  • do not have a home and stay in Scotland regularly, for example you stay offshore or in hotels
    • ", + "

    How you pay

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed or get a pension, your tax code will start with an \u2018S\u2019. This tells your employer or pension provider to deduct tax at the Scottish rate.

    ", + "

    Your tax code will be S1250L if you pay Scottish Income Tax and get the standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,500.

    ", + "

    If you fill in an online Self Assessment tax return, there\u2019s a box for you to tell HMRC that you pay Scottish Income Tax.

    ", + "

    The tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.

    ", + "

    If you move to or from Scotland

    ", + "

    You pay Scottish Income Tax if you move to Scotland and live there for a longer period than anywhere else in the UK during a tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC of your new address if you move to or from Scotland. You may pay tax at the wrong rate if you do not.

    ", + "

    If HMRC changes your tax rate

    ", + "

    The new rate you pay will be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April) in which you moved. The tax taken from your wages or pension will be adjusted automatically so you pay the right amount across the whole year.

    ", + "

    If you live in more than one home

    ", + "

    You need to know which is your main home if you have one in Scotland and one somewhere else in the UK.

    ", + "

    What counts as your main home

    ", + "

    Your main home is usually where you live and spend most of your time.

    ", + "

    It does not matter whether you own it, rent it or live in it for free.

    ", + "

    Your main home may be the home where you spend less time if that\u2019s where:

    ", + "
  • most of your possessions are
    • ", + "
  • your family lives, if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re registered for things like your bank account, GP or car insurance
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a member of clubs or societies
    • ", + "

    This might apply to you if you live away because of your work, for example you\u2019re a lorry driver, an offshore worker or in the armed forces.

    ", + "

    You can contact HMRC to change which home counts as your main one.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure which is your main home

    ", + "

    HMRC has detailed information about working out which is your main home, including if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a mobile worker, for example your job means you travel most of the time
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a student
    • ", + "
  • you do not have a permanent home
    • ", + "

    2020 to 2021 tax year

    ", + "

    You pay a different rate of tax for income from the tax year 6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021.

    ", + "Band | Taxable income | Scottish tax rate", + "Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,500 | 0%", + "Starter rate | \u00a312,501 to \u00a314,585 | 19%", + "Basic rate | \u00a314,586 to \u00a325,158 | 20%", + "Intermediate rate | \u00a325,159 to \u00a343,430 | 21%", + "Higher rate | \u00a343,431 to \u00a3150,000 | 41%", + "Top rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 46%", + "

    It applies to your wages, pension and most other taxable income.

    ", + "

    You pay the same tax as the rest of the UK on dividends and savings interest.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-rates": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-rates", + "title": "Income Tax rates and Personal Allowances", + "content": "## Current rates and allowances\n\nHow much Income Tax you pay in each tax year depends on:\n\n- how much of your income is above your Personal Allowance\n\n- how much of your income falls within each tax band\n\nSome income is tax-free.\n\nThe current tax year is from 6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022.\n\n## Your tax-free Personal Allowance\n\nThe standard Personal Allowance is \u00a312,570, which is the amount of income you do not have to pay tax on.\n\nYour Personal Allowance may be bigger if you claim Marriage Allowance or Blind Person\u2019s Allowance. It\u2019s smaller if your income is over \u00a3100,000.\n\n## Income Tax rates and bands\n\nThe table shows the tax rates you pay in each band if you have a standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,570.\n\nIncome tax bands are different if you live in Scotland.\n\n| Band | Taxable income | Tax rate |\n\n| Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0% |\n\n| Basic rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a350,270 | 20% |\n\n| Higher rate | \u00a350,271 to \u00a3150,000 | 40% |\n\n| Additional rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 45% |\n\nYou can also see the rates and bands without the Personal Allowance. You do not get a Personal Allowance on taxable income over \u00a3125,140.\n\n## If you\u2019re employed or get a pension\n\nCheck your Income Tax to see:\n\n- your Personal Allowance and tax code\n\n- how much tax you\u2019ve paid in the current tax year\n\n- how much you\u2019re likely to pay for the rest of the year\n\n## Other allowances\n\nYou have tax-free allowances for:\n\n- savings interest\n\n- dividends, if you own shares in a company\n\nYou may also have tax-free allowances for:\n\n- your first \u00a31,000 of income from self-employment - this is your \u2018trading allowance\u2019\n\n- your first \u00a31,000 of income from property you rent (unless you\u2019re using the Rent a Room Scheme)\n\nFind out whether you\u2019re eligible for the trading and property allowances.\n\nYou pay tax on any interest, dividends or income over your allowances.\n\n## Paying less Income Tax\n\nYou may be able to claim Income Tax reliefs if you\u2019re eligible for them.\n\n## If you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\nYou may be able to claim Marriage Allowance to reduce your partner\u2019s tax if your income is less than the standard Personal Allowance.\n\nIf you do not claim Marriage Allowance and you or your partner were born before 6 April 1935, you may be able to claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Previous tax years\n\nThe standard Personal Allowance from 6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021 was \u00a312,500.\n\n| Tax rate | Taxable income above your Personal Allowance for 2020 to 2021 |\n\n| Basic rate 20% | \u00a30 to \u00a337,500 People with the standard Personal Allowance started paying this rate on income over \u00a312,500 |\n\n| Higher rate 40% | \u00a337,501 to \u00a3150,000 People with the standard Personal Allowance started paying this rate on income over \u00a350,000 |\n\n| Additional rate 45% | Over \u00a3150,000 |\n\nYour Personal Allowance would have been smaller if your income was over \u00a3100,000, or bigger if you got Marriage Allowance or Blind Person\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Other rates and earlier tax years\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) publishes tables with full rates and allowances for current and past tax years.\n\n## Income over \u00a3100,000\n\nYour Personal Allowance goes down by \u00a31 for every \u00a32 that your adjusted net income is above \u00a3100,000. This means your allowance is zero if your income is \u00a3125,140 or above.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to do a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.\n\n## Register for Self Assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.\n\nRegister now", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Current rates and allowances

    ", + "

    How much Income Tax you pay in each tax year depends on:

    ", + "
  • how much of your income is above your Personal Allowance
    • ", + "
  • how much of your income falls within each tax band
    • ", + "

    Some income is tax-free.

    ", + "

    The current tax year is from 6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022.

    ", + "

    Your tax-free Personal Allowance

    ", + "

    The standard Personal Allowance is \u00a312,570, which is the amount of income you do not have to pay tax on.

    ", + "

    Your Personal Allowance may be bigger if you claim Marriage Allowance or Blind Person\u2019s Allowance. It\u2019s smaller if your income is over \u00a3100,000.

    ", + "

    Income Tax rates and bands

    ", + "

    The table shows the tax rates you pay in each band if you have a standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,570.

    ", + "

    Income tax bands are different if you live in Scotland.

    ", + "Band | Taxable income | Tax rate", + "Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0%", + "Basic rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a350,270 | 20%", + "Higher rate | \u00a350,271 to \u00a3150,000 | 40%", + "Additional rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 45%", + "

    You can also see the rates and bands without the Personal Allowance. You do not get a Personal Allowance on taxable income over \u00a3125,140.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed or get a pension

    ", + "

    Check your Income Tax to see:

    ", + "
  • your Personal Allowance and tax code
    • ", + "
  • how much tax you\u2019ve paid in the current tax year
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019re likely to pay for the rest of the year
    • ", + "

    Other allowances

    ", + "

    You have tax-free allowances for:

    ", + "
  • savings interest
    • ", + "
  • dividends, if you own shares in a company
    • ", + "

    You may also have tax-free allowances for:

    ", + "
  • your first \u00a31,000 of income from self-employment - this is your \u2018trading allowance\u2019
    • ", + "
  • your first \u00a31,000 of income from property you rent (unless you\u2019re using the Rent a Room Scheme)
    • ", + "

    Find out whether you\u2019re eligible for the trading and property allowances.

    ", + "

    You pay tax on any interest, dividends or income over your allowances.

    ", + "

    Paying less Income Tax

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim Income Tax reliefs if you\u2019re eligible for them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim Marriage Allowance to reduce your partner\u2019s tax if your income is less than the standard Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    If you do not claim Marriage Allowance and you or your partner were born before 6 April 1935, you may be able to claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    Previous tax years

    ", + "

    The standard Personal Allowance from 6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021 was \u00a312,500.

    ", + "Tax rate | Taxable income above your Personal Allowance for 2020 to 2021", + "Basic rate 20% | \u00a30 to \u00a337,500 People with the standard Personal Allowance started paying this rate on income over \u00a312,500", + "Higher rate 40% | \u00a337,501 to \u00a3150,000 People with the standard Personal Allowance started paying this rate on income over \u00a350,000", + "Additional rate 45% | Over \u00a3150,000", + "

    Your Personal Allowance would have been smaller if your income was over \u00a3100,000, or bigger if you got Marriage Allowance or Blind Person\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    Other rates and earlier tax years

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) publishes tables with full rates and allowances for current and past tax years.

    ", + "

    Income over \u00a3100,000

    ", + "

    Your Personal Allowance goes down by \u00a31 for every \u00a32 that your adjusted net income is above \u00a3100,000. This means your allowance is zero if your income is \u00a3125,140 or above.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to do a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.

    ", + "

    Register for Self Assessment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.

    ", + "

    Register now

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/individual-savings-accounts": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/individual-savings-accounts", + "title": "Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can save tax-free with Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs).\n\nIn the 2021 to 2022 tax year, the maximum you can save in ISAs is \u00a320,000\n\nThere are 4 types of ISA:\n\n- cash ISAs\n\n- stocks and shares ISAs\n\n- innovative finance ISAs\n\n- Lifetime ISAs\n\nYou can put money into one of each kind of ISA each tax year.\n\n## Who can open an ISA\n\nYou must be:\n\n- 16 or over for a cash ISA\n\n- 18 or over for a stocks and shares or innovative finance ISA\n\n- 18 or over but under 40 for a Lifetime ISA\n\nYou must also be either:\n\n- resident in the UK\n\n- a Crown servant (for example diplomatic or overseas civil service) or their spouse or civil partner if you do not live in the UK\n\nYou cannot hold an ISA with or on behalf of someone else.\n\nYou can get a Junior ISA for children under 18.\n\n## Opening and managing an ISA for someone who lacks the mental capacity to do this for themselves\n\nA close friend or relative can apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order to open and manage an ISA for someone who cannot do this for themselves.\n\nIn Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.\n\n## How ISAs work\n\nThere are 4 types of Individual Savings Accounts (ISA):\n\n- cash ISA\n\n- stocks and shares ISA\n\n- innovative finance ISA\n\n- Lifetime ISA\n\nYou do not pay tax on:\n\n- interest on cash in an ISA\n\n- income or capital gains from investments in an ISA\n\nIf you complete a tax return, you do not need to declare any ISA interest, income or capital gains on it.\n\n## Putting money into an ISA\n\nEvery tax year you can put money into one of each kind of ISA. The tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April.\n\nYou can save up to \u00a320,000 in one type of account or split the allowance across some or all of the other types.\n\nYou can only pay \u00a34,000 into your Lifetime ISA in a tax year.\n\nYour ISAs will not close when the tax year finishes. You\u2019ll keep your savings on a tax-free basis for as long as you keep the money in your ISA accounts.\n\n## What you can include in your ISAs\n\nCash ISAs can include:\n\n- savings in bank and building society accounts\n\n- some National Savings and Investments products\n\nStocks and shares ISAs can include:\n\n- shares in companies\n\n- unit trusts and investment funds\n\n- corporate bonds\n\n- government bonds\n\nYou cannot transfer any non-ISA shares you already own into an ISA unless they\u2019re from an employee share scheme.\n\nLifetime ISAs may include either:\n\n- cash\n\n- stocks and shares\n\nInnovative finance ISAs include:\n\n- peer-to-peer loans - loans that you give to other people or businesses without using a bank\n\n- \u2018crowdfunding debentures\u2019 - investing in a business by buying its debt\n\nYou cannot transfer any peer-to-peer loans you\u2019ve already made or crowdfunding debentures you already hold into an innovative finance ISA.\n\nIf you have questions about the tax rules for ISAs, you can call the ISA Helpline.\n\n## How to open an ISA\n\nYou can get an Individual Savings Account (ISA) from:\n\n- banks\n\n- building societies\n\n- credit unions\n\n- friendly societies\n\n- stock brokers\n\n- peer-to-peer lending services\n\n- crowdfunding companies\n\n- other financial institutions\n\nContact your provider directly for more information about how to open an ISA with them.\n\n## Withdrawing your money\n\nYou can take your money out of an Individual Savings Account (ISA) at any time, without losing any tax benefits. Check the terms of your ISA to see if there are any rules or charges for making withdrawals.\n\nThere are different rules for taking your money out of a Lifetime ISA.\n\nIf your ISA is \u2018flexible\u2019, you can take out cash then put it back in during the same tax year without reducing your current year\u2019s allowance. Your provider can tell you if your ISA is flexible.\n\n## Transferring your ISA\n\nYou can transfer your Individual Savings Account (ISA) from one provider to another at any time.\n\nYou can transfer your savings to a different type of ISA or to the same type of ISA.\n\nIf you want to transfer money you\u2019ve invested in an ISA during the current year, you must transfer all of it.\n\nFor money you invested in previous years, you can choose to transfer all or part of your savings.\n\nIf you transfer cash and assets from a Lifetime ISA to a different ISA before the age of 60, you\u2019ll have to pay a withdrawal fee of 25%.\n\n## Restrictions on what you can transfer\n\nYou can transfer cash from your innovative finance ISA to another provider - but you may not be able to transfer other investments from it.\n\nCheck with your provider for any restrictions they may have on transferring ISAs. They may also make you pay a charge.\n\n## How to transfer your ISA\n\nTo switch providers, contact the ISA provider you want to move to and fill out an ISA transfer form to move your account. If you withdraw the money without doing this, you will not be able to reinvest that part of your tax-free allowance again.\n\n## Deadlines and complaints\n\nISA transfers should take no longer than:\n\n- 15 working days for transfers between cash ISAs\n\n- 30 calendar days for other types of transfer\n\nIf you want to transfer investments held in an innovative finance ISA, ask your provider how long it will take.\n\nIf your transfer takes longer than it should, contact your ISA provider.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the response, you can take the matter up with the Financial Ombudsman Service.\n\n## If you move abroad\n\nIf you open an Individual Savings Account (ISA) in the UK then move abroad, you cannot put money into it after the tax year that you move (unless you\u2019re a Crown employee working overseas or their spouse or civil partner).\n\nYou must tell your ISA provider as soon as you stop being a UK resident.\n\nHowever, you can keep your ISA open and you\u2019ll still get UK tax relief on money and investments held in it.\n\nYou can transfer an ISA to another provider even if you are not resident in the UK.\n\nYou can pay into your ISA again if you return and become a UK resident (subject to the annual ISA allowance).\n\n## If you die\n\nYour ISA will end when either:\n\n- your executor closes it\n\n- the administration of your estate is completed\n\nOtherwise, your ISA provider will close your ISA 3 years and 1 day after you die.\n\nThere will be no Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax to pay up to that date, but ISA investments will form part of your estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.\n\n## Stocks and shares ISAs\n\nYour ISA provider can be instructed to either:\n\n- sell the investments and pay the proceeds to the administrator or beneficiary of your estate\n\n- transfer the investments to your surviving spouse\u2019s or civil partner\u2019s ISA - this is only possible if they have the same ISA provider as you\n\nCheck the terms and conditions of your ISA for details.\n\n## Inheriting an ISA from your spouse or civil partner\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner dies you can inherit their ISA allowance.\n\nAs well as your normal ISA allowance you can add a tax-free amount up to either:\n\n- the value they held in their ISA when they died\n\n- the value of their ISA when it\u2019s closed\n\nContact your ISA provider or the provider of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s ISA for details.\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner died from 3 December 2014 to 5 April 2018\n\nTheir ISA ended on the date of their death. ISA investments will form part of their estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.\n\nTheir ISA provider can be instructed to sell the investments and either:\n\n- pay the proceeds to the administrator or beneficiary of their estate\n\n- transfer the investments directly to them\n\nYou can inherit their ISA allowance. As well as your normal ISA allowance, you can add a tax-free amount up to the value they held in their ISA when they died.\n\nContact your ISA provider or the provider of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s ISA for details.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can save tax-free with Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs).

    ", + "

    In the 2021 to 2022 tax year, the maximum you can save in ISAs is \u00a320,000

    ", + "

    There are 4 types of ISA:

    ", + "
  • cash ISAs
    • ", + "
  • stocks and shares ISAs
    • ", + "
  • innovative finance ISAs
    • ", + "
  • Lifetime ISAs
    • ", + "

    You can put money into one of each kind of ISA each tax year.

    ", + "

    Who can open an ISA

    ", + "

    You must be:

    ", + "
  • 16 or over for a cash ISA
    • ", + "
  • 18 or over for a stocks and shares or innovative finance ISA
    • ", + "
  • 18 or over but under 40 for a Lifetime ISA
    • ", + "

    You must also be either:

    ", + "
  • resident in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a Crown servant (for example diplomatic or overseas civil service) or their spouse or civil partner if you do not live in the UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot hold an ISA with or on behalf of someone else.

    ", + "

    You can get a Junior ISA for children under 18.

    ", + "

    Opening and managing an ISA for someone who lacks the mental capacity to do this for themselves

    ", + "

    A close friend or relative can apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order to open and manage an ISA for someone who cannot do this for themselves.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.

    ", + "

    How ISAs work

    ", + "

    There are 4 types of Individual Savings Accounts (ISA):

    ", + "
  • cash ISA
    • ", + "
  • stocks and shares ISA
    • ", + "
  • innovative finance ISA
    • ", + "
  • Lifetime ISA
    • ", + "

    You do not pay tax on:

    ", + "
  • interest on cash in an ISA
    • ", + "
  • income or capital gains from investments in an ISA
    • ", + "

    If you complete a tax return, you do not need to declare any ISA interest, income or capital gains on it.

    ", + "

    Putting money into an ISA

    ", + "

    Every tax year you can put money into one of each kind of ISA. The tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April.

    ", + "

    You can save up to \u00a320,000 in one type of account or split the allowance across some or all of the other types.

    ", + "

    You can only pay \u00a34,000 into your Lifetime ISA in a tax year.

    ", + "

    Your ISAs will not close when the tax year finishes. You\u2019ll keep your savings on a tax-free basis for as long as you keep the money in your ISA accounts.

    ", + "

    What you can include in your ISAs

    ", + "

    Cash ISAs can include:

    ", + "
  • savings in bank and building society accounts
    • ", + "
  • some National Savings and Investments products
    • ", + "

    Stocks and shares ISAs can include:

    ", + "
  • shares in companies
    • ", + "
  • unit trusts and investment funds
    • ", + "
  • corporate bonds
    • ", + "
  • government bonds
    • ", + "

    You cannot transfer any non-ISA shares you already own into an ISA unless they\u2019re from an employee share scheme.

    ", + "

    Lifetime ISAs may include either:

    ", + "
  • cash
    • ", + "
  • stocks and shares
    • ", + "

    Innovative finance ISAs include:

    ", + "
  • peer-to-peer loans - loans that you give to other people or businesses without using a bank
    • ", + "
  • \u2018crowdfunding debentures\u2019 - investing in a business by buying its debt
    • ", + "

    You cannot transfer any peer-to-peer loans you\u2019ve already made or crowdfunding debentures you already hold into an innovative finance ISA.

    ", + "

    If you have questions about the tax rules for ISAs, you can call the ISA Helpline.

    ", + "

    How to open an ISA

    ", + "

    You can get an Individual Savings Account (ISA) from:

    ", + "
  • banks
    • ", + "
  • building societies
    • ", + "
  • credit unions
    • ", + "
  • friendly societies
    • ", + "
  • stock brokers
    • ", + "
  • peer-to-peer lending services
    • ", + "
  • crowdfunding companies
    • ", + "
  • other financial institutions
    • ", + "

    Contact your provider directly for more information about how to open an ISA with them.

    ", + "

    Withdrawing your money

    ", + "

    You can take your money out of an Individual Savings Account (ISA) at any time, without losing any tax benefits. Check the terms of your ISA to see if there are any rules or charges for making withdrawals.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for taking your money out of a Lifetime ISA.

    ", + "

    If your ISA is \u2018flexible\u2019, you can take out cash then put it back in during the same tax year without reducing your current year\u2019s allowance. Your provider can tell you if your ISA is flexible.

    ", + "

    Transferring your ISA

    ", + "

    You can transfer your Individual Savings Account (ISA) from one provider to another at any time.

    ", + "

    You can transfer your savings to a different type of ISA or to the same type of ISA.

    ", + "

    If you want to transfer money you\u2019ve invested in an ISA during the current year, you must transfer all of it.

    ", + "

    For money you invested in previous years, you can choose to transfer all or part of your savings.

    ", + "

    If you transfer cash and assets from a Lifetime ISA to a different ISA before the age of 60, you\u2019ll have to pay a withdrawal fee of 25%.

    ", + "

    Restrictions on what you can transfer

    ", + "

    You can transfer cash from your innovative finance ISA to another provider - but you may not be able to transfer other investments from it.

    ", + "

    Check with your provider for any restrictions they may have on transferring ISAs. They may also make you pay a charge.

    ", + "

    How to transfer your ISA

    ", + "

    To switch providers, contact the ISA provider you want to move to and fill out an ISA transfer form to move your account. If you withdraw the money without doing this, you will not be able to reinvest that part of your tax-free allowance again.

    ", + "

    Deadlines and complaints

    ", + "

    ISA transfers should take no longer than:

    ", + "
  • 15 working days for transfers between cash ISAs
    • ", + "
  • 30 calendar days for other types of transfer
    • ", + "

    If you want to transfer investments held in an innovative finance ISA, ask your provider how long it will take.

    ", + "

    If your transfer takes longer than it should, contact your ISA provider.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the response, you can take the matter up with the Financial Ombudsman Service.

    ", + "

    If you move abroad

    ", + "

    If you open an Individual Savings Account (ISA) in the UK then move abroad, you cannot put money into it after the tax year that you move (unless you\u2019re a Crown employee working overseas or their spouse or civil partner).

    ", + "

    You must tell your ISA provider as soon as you stop being a UK resident.

    ", + "

    However, you can keep your ISA open and you\u2019ll still get UK tax relief on money and investments held in it.

    ", + "

    You can transfer an ISA to another provider even if you are not resident in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can pay into your ISA again if you return and become a UK resident (subject to the annual ISA allowance).

    ", + "

    If you die

    ", + "

    Your ISA will end when either:

    ", + "
  • your executor closes it
    • ", + "
  • the administration of your estate is completed
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, your ISA provider will close your ISA 3 years and 1 day after you die.

    ", + "

    There will be no Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax to pay up to that date, but ISA investments will form part of your estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.

    ", + "

    Stocks and shares ISAs

    ", + "

    Your ISA provider can be instructed to either:

    ", + "
  • sell the investments and pay the proceeds to the administrator or beneficiary of your estate
    • ", + "
  • transfer the investments to your surviving spouse\u2019s or civil partner\u2019s ISA - this is only possible if they have the same ISA provider as you
    • ", + "

    Check the terms and conditions of your ISA for details.

    ", + "

    Inheriting an ISA from your spouse or civil partner

    ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner dies you can inherit their ISA allowance.

    ", + "

    As well as your normal ISA allowance you can add a tax-free amount up to either:

    ", + "
  • the value they held in their ISA when they died
    • ", + "
  • the value of their ISA when it\u2019s closed
    • ", + "

    Contact your ISA provider or the provider of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s ISA for details.

    ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner died from 3 December 2014 to 5 April 2018

    ", + "

    Their ISA ended on the date of their death. ISA investments will form part of their estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.

    ", + "

    Their ISA provider can be instructed to sell the investments and either:

    ", + "
  • pay the proceeds to the administrator or beneficiary of their estate
    • ", + "
  • transfer the investments directly to them
    • ", + "

    You can inherit their ISA allowance. As well as your normal ISA allowance, you can add a tax-free amount up to the value they held in their ISA when they died.

    ", + "

    Contact your ISA provider or the provider of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s ISA for details.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/marriage-allowance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marriage-allowance", + "title": "Marriage Allowance", + "content": "## How it works\n\nMarriage Allowance lets you transfer \u00a31,260 of your Personal Allowance to your husband, wife or civil partner.\n\nThis reduces their tax by up to \u00a3252 in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the next year).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nTo benefit as a couple, you (as the lower earner) must normally have an income below your Personal Allowance - this is usually \u00a312,570.\n\nYou can calculate how much tax you could save as a couple. You should call the Income Tax helpline instead if you receive other income such as dividends, savings or benefits from your job. You can also call if you do not know what your taxable income is.\n\nWhen you transfer some of your Personal Allowance to your husband, wife or civil partner you might have to pay more tax yourself, but you could still pay less as a couple.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can benefit from Marriage Allowance if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax or your income is below your Personal Allowance (usually \u00a312,570)\n\n- your partner pays Income Tax at the basic rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a350,270 before they receive Marriage Allowance\n\nYou cannot claim Marriage Allowance if you\u2019re living together but you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland, your partner must pay the starter, basic or intermediate rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a343,662.\n\nIt will not affect your application for Marriage Allowance if you or your partner:\n\n- are currently receiving a pension\n\n- live abroad - as long as you get a Personal Allowance.\n\nIf you or your partner were born before 6 April 1935, you might benefit more as a couple by applying for Married Couple\u2019s Allowance instead.\n\nYou cannot get Marriage Allowance and Married Couple\u2019s Allowance at the same time.\n\n## Backdating your claim\n\nYou can backdate your claim to include any tax year since 5 April 2017 that you were eligible for Marriage Allowance.\n\nYour partner\u2019s tax bill will be reduced depending on the Personal Allowance rate for the years you\u2019re backdating.\n\nIf your partner has died since 5 April 2017 you can still claim - phone the Income Tax helpline. If your partner was the lower earner, the person responsible for managing their tax affairs needs to phone.\n\n## Stopping Marriage Allowance\n\nYour Personal Allowance will transfer automatically to your partner every year until you cancel Marriage Allowance - for example if your income changes or your relationship ends.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply for Marriage Allowance.\n\nIf both of you have no income other than your wages, then the person who earns the least should make the claim.\n\nIf either of you gets other income, such as dividends or savings, you may need to work out who should claim. You can call the Income Tax helpline if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nChanges to your Personal Allowances will be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April) if your application is successful.\n\n## How your Personal Allowances change\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give your partner the allowance you have transferred to them either:\n\n- by changing their tax code - this can take up to 2 months\n\n- when they send their Self Assessment tax return\n\nIf your new Personal Allowance is lower than your income after you\u2019ve made a claim, you might have to pay some income tax. However, you might still benefit as a couple.\n\n## How your tax code will change\n\nYou and your partner will get new tax codes that reflect the transferred allowance. Your tax code will end with:\n\n- \u2018M\u2019 if you are receiving the allowance\n\n- \u2018N\u2019 if you are transferring the allowance\n\nYour tax code will also change if you\u2019re employed or get a pension.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must cancel Marriage Allowance if any of the following apply:\n\n- your relationship ends - because you\u2019ve divorced, ended (\u2018dissolved\u2019) your civil partnership or legally separated\n\n- your income changes and you\u2019re no longer eligible\n\n- you no longer want to claim\n\nIf your income changes and you\u2019re not sure if you should still claim, call HMRC Marriage Allowance enquiries.\n\n## How to cancel\n\nEither of you can cancel if your relationship has ended.\n\nIf you\u2019re cancelling for another reason, the person who made the claim must cancel.\n\n## Online\n\nYou can cancel Marriage Allowance online. You\u2019ll be asked to prove your identity using information HMRC holds about you.\n\n## By phone\n\nContact Marriage Allowance enquiries to cancel or get help.\n\n## After you cancel\n\nIf you cancel because of a change of income, the allowance will run until the end of the tax year (5 April).\n\nIf your relationship has ended, the change may be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April).\n\nThis might mean you or your partner underpays tax for the year.\n\n## If your partner dies\n\nIf your partner dies after you\u2019ve transferred some of your Personal Allowance to them:\n\n- their estate will be treated as having the increased Personal Allowance\n\n- your Personal Allowance will go back to the normal amount\n\nIf your partner transferred some of their Personal Allowance to you before they died:\n\n- your Personal Allowance will remain at the higher level until the end of the tax year (5 April)\n\n- their estate will be treated as having the smaller amount", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    Marriage Allowance lets you transfer \u00a31,260 of your Personal Allowance to your husband, wife or civil partner.

    ", + "

    This reduces their tax by up to \u00a3252 in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the next year).

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    To benefit as a couple, you (as the lower earner) must normally have an income below your Personal Allowance - this is usually \u00a312,570.

    ", + "

    You can calculate how much tax you could save as a couple. You should call the Income Tax helpline instead if you receive other income such as dividends, savings or benefits from your job. You can also call if you do not know what your taxable income is.

    ", + "

    When you transfer some of your Personal Allowance to your husband, wife or civil partner you might have to pay more tax yourself, but you could still pay less as a couple.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can benefit from Marriage Allowance if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you do not pay Income Tax or your income is below your Personal Allowance (usually \u00a312,570)
    • ", + "
  • your partner pays Income Tax at the basic rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a350,270 before they receive Marriage Allowance
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim Marriage Allowance if you\u2019re living together but you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Scotland, your partner must pay the starter, basic or intermediate rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a343,662.

    ", + "

    It will not affect your application for Marriage Allowance if you or your partner:

    ", + "
  • are currently receiving a pension
    • ", + "
  • live abroad - as long as you get a Personal Allowance.
    • ", + "

    If you or your partner were born before 6 April 1935, you might benefit more as a couple by applying for Married Couple\u2019s Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    You cannot get Marriage Allowance and Married Couple\u2019s Allowance at the same time.

    ", + "

    Backdating your claim

    ", + "

    You can backdate your claim to include any tax year since 5 April 2017 that you were eligible for Marriage Allowance.

    ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s tax bill will be reduced depending on the Personal Allowance rate for the years you\u2019re backdating.

    ", + "

    If your partner has died since 5 April 2017 you can still claim - phone the Income Tax helpline. If your partner was the lower earner, the person responsible for managing their tax affairs needs to phone.

    ", + "

    Stopping Marriage Allowance

    ", + "

    Your Personal Allowance will transfer automatically to your partner every year until you cancel Marriage Allowance - for example if your income changes or your relationship ends.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply for Marriage Allowance.

    ", + "

    If both of you have no income other than your wages, then the person who earns the least should make the claim.

    ", + "

    If either of you gets other income, such as dividends or savings, you may need to work out who should claim. You can call the Income Tax helpline if you\u2019re unsure.

    ", + "

    Changes to your Personal Allowances will be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April) if your application is successful.

    ", + "

    How your Personal Allowances change

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give your partner the allowance you have transferred to them either:

    ", + "
  • by changing their tax code - this can take up to 2 months
    • ", + "
  • when they send their Self Assessment tax return
    • ", + "

    If your new Personal Allowance is lower than your income after you\u2019ve made a claim, you might have to pay some income tax. However, you might still benefit as a couple.

    ", + "

    How your tax code will change

    ", + "

    You and your partner will get new tax codes that reflect the transferred allowance. Your tax code will end with:

    ", + "
  • \u2018M\u2019 if you are receiving the allowance
    • ", + "
  • \u2018N\u2019 if you are transferring the allowance
    • ", + "

    Your tax code will also change if you\u2019re employed or get a pension.

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change

    ", + "

    You must cancel Marriage Allowance if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your relationship ends - because you\u2019ve divorced, ended (\u2018dissolved\u2019) your civil partnership or legally separated
    • ", + "
  • your income changes and you\u2019re no longer eligible
    • ", + "
  • you no longer want to claim
    • ", + "

    If your income changes and you\u2019re not sure if you should still claim, call HMRC Marriage Allowance enquiries.

    ", + "

    How to cancel

    ", + "

    Either of you can cancel if your relationship has ended.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re cancelling for another reason, the person who made the claim must cancel.

    ", + "

    Online

    ", + "

    You can cancel Marriage Allowance online. You\u2019ll be asked to prove your identity using information HMRC holds about you.

    ", + "

    By phone

    ", + "

    Contact Marriage Allowance enquiries to cancel or get help.

    ", + "

    After you cancel

    ", + "

    If you cancel because of a change of income, the allowance will run until the end of the tax year (5 April).

    ", + "

    If your relationship has ended, the change may be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April).

    ", + "

    This might mean you or your partner underpays tax for the year.

    ", + "

    If your partner dies

    ", + "

    If your partner dies after you\u2019ve transferred some of your Personal Allowance to them:

    ", + "
  • their estate will be treated as having the increased Personal Allowance
    • ", + "
  • your Personal Allowance will go back to the normal amount
    • ", + "

    If your partner transferred some of their Personal Allowance to you before they died:

    ", + "
  • your Personal Allowance will remain at the higher level until the end of the tax year (5 April)
    • ", + "
  • their estate will be treated as having the smaller amount
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/married-couples-allowance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/married-couples-allowance", + "title": "Married Couple's Allowance", + "content": "## Overview\n\nMarried Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.\n\nYou can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner\n\n- one of you was born before 6 April 1935\n\nFor marriages before 5 December 2005, the husband\u2019s income is used to work out Married Couple\u2019s Allowance. For marriage and civil partnerships after this date, it\u2019s the income of the highest earner.\n\nIf you and your partner were born on or after 6 April 1935, you may be able to claim Marriage Allowance instead.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nMarried Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill each year if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.\n\nFor the 2021 to 2022 tax year, it could cut your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.\n\nUse the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance calculator to work out what you could get.\n\nIf you marry or register a civil partnership, you\u2019ll get the allowance on a pro-rata basis for the rest of that tax year.\n\nIf one of you dies or you divorce or separate, the allowance continues until the end of the tax year.\n\nYou can transfer your Married Couple\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner.\n\nIf you and your spouse or civil partner are separated through circumstance rather than through a decision to formally separate, you can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner\n\n- one of you was born before 6 April 1935\n\nYou can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re unable to live with your spouse or civil partner because of:\n\n- illness or old age, for example where your spouse or partner is in residential care\n\n- working away from home\n\n- an armed forces posting\n\n- being in prison\n\n- training or education\n\nUse the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance calculator to work out what you could get.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## If you fill in a Self Assessment tax return each year\n\nClaim by completing the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance section of the tax return.\n\n## If you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return each year\n\nContact HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) with details of your:\n\n- marriage or civil partnership ceremony\n\n- spouse or civil partner - including their date of birth\n\n## Further information\n\n## Transfer unused Married Couple\u2019s Allowance after the tax year ends\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner pays tax, you can transfer any Married Couple\u2019s Allowance that you have not used because:\n\n- you do not pay tax\n\n- your tax bill is not high enough\n\nFill in form 575 or ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to post you a copy.\n\n## Share or transfer your Married Couple\u2019s Allowance before the tax year starts\n\nYou and your spouse (or civil partner) can:\n\n- share the minimum Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\n- transfer the whole of the minimum Married Couple\u2019s Allowance from one to the other\n\nFill in form 18 before the start of the tax year. You can also contact HMRC to get a copy in the post.\n\n## Tax allowances and giving to charity\n\nIf you pay tax and give money to a UK charity using Gift Aid, contact HMRC. It can increase the tax allowances if you were born before 6 April 1938.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Married Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.

    ", + "

    You can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • one of you was born before 6 April 1935
    • ", + "

    For marriages before 5 December 2005, the husband\u2019s income is used to work out Married Couple\u2019s Allowance. For marriage and civil partnerships after this date, it\u2019s the income of the highest earner.

    ", + "

    If you and your partner were born on or after 6 April 1935, you may be able to claim Marriage Allowance instead.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Married Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill each year if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    For the 2021 to 2022 tax year, it could cut your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.

    ", + "

    Use the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance calculator to work out what you could get.

    ", + "

    If you marry or register a civil partnership, you\u2019ll get the allowance on a pro-rata basis for the rest of that tax year.

    ", + "

    If one of you dies or you divorce or separate, the allowance continues until the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    You can transfer your Married Couple\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    If you and your spouse or civil partner are separated through circumstance rather than through a decision to formally separate, you can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • one of you was born before 6 April 1935
    • ", + "

    You can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re unable to live with your spouse or civil partner because of:

    ", + "
  • illness or old age, for example where your spouse or partner is in residential care
    • ", + "
  • working away from home
    • ", + "
  • an armed forces posting
    • ", + "
  • being in prison
    • ", + "
  • training or education
    • ", + "

    Use the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance calculator to work out what you could get.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    If you fill in a Self Assessment tax return each year

    ", + "

    Claim by completing the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance section of the tax return.

    ", + "

    If you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return each year

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) with details of your:

    ", + "
  • marriage or civil partnership ceremony
    • ", + "
  • spouse or civil partner - including their date of birth
    • ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Transfer unused Married Couple\u2019s Allowance after the tax year ends

    ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner pays tax, you can transfer any Married Couple\u2019s Allowance that you have not used because:

    ", + "
  • you do not pay tax
    • ", + "
  • your tax bill is not high enough
    • ", + "

    Fill in form 575 or ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to post you a copy.

    ", + "

    Share or transfer your Married Couple\u2019s Allowance before the tax year starts

    ", + "

    You and your spouse (or civil partner) can:

    ", + "
  • share the minimum Married Couple\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • transfer the whole of the minimum Married Couple\u2019s Allowance from one to the other
    • ", + "

    Fill in form 18 before the start of the tax year. You can also contact HMRC to get a copy in the post.

    ", + "

    Tax allowances and giving to charity

    ", + "

    If you pay tax and give money to a UK charity using Gift Aid, contact HMRC. It can increase the tax allowances if you were born before 6 April 1938.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-national-insurance-after-state-pension-age": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-national-insurance-after-state-pension-age", + "title": "National Insurance and tax after State Pension age", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou do not pay National Insurance after you reach State Pension age - unless you\u2019re self-employed and pay Class 4 contributions. You stop paying Class 4 contributions at the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou only pay Income Tax if your taxable income - including your private pension and State Pension - is more than your tax-free allowances (the amount of income you\u2019re allowed before you pay tax).\n\nYou must contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think you should be paying tax.\n\n## Stop paying National Insurance\n\nYou pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits including the State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re employed, you pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions as a percentage of your earnings up to State Pension age.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed, you pay Class 2 contributions at a flat weekly rate and Class 4 contributions annually as a percentage of your taxable profits.\n\n## What happens at State Pension age\n\nYou stop paying Class 1 and Class 2 contributions when you reach State Pension age - even if you\u2019re still working.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue paying Class 4 contributions until the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.\n\nFor example, you reach State Pension age on 6 September 2021. You\u2019ll stop making Class 4 contributions on 5 April 2022 and pay your final Class 4 bill by 31 January 2023, together with your Income Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re self employed, you still need to send a Self Assessment tax return for each year you work - even after you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou can claim back National Insurance if you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\n## If you continue working\n\nShow your employer proof of your age (a birth certificate or passport, for example) to make sure you stop paying National Insurance.\n\nIf you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can send you a letter to show them instead.\n\nThe letter will confirm:\n\n- you\u2019ve reached State Pension age\n\n- you do not need to pay National Insurance\n\nYou\u2019ll need to write to HMRC explaining why you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to send your birth certificate or passport for verification if HMRC does not have a record of your date of birth. Certified copies are accepted.\n\nYou can also show a certificate of age exception (CA4140) if you have one.\n\n## Age-related tax allowances\n\n## Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou can claim the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership and at least one partner was born before 6 April 1935. It gets taken off your tax bill - the amount that\u2019s deducted depends on your income.\n\n## Maintenance Payments Relief\n\nYou can get an allowance to reduce your tax bill for maintenance payments you make to an ex-spouse or civil partner if:\n\n- you or they were born before 6 April 1935\n\n- you\u2019re separated or divorced and you\u2019re making payments under a court order\n\n- the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-partner (as long as they have not re-married or formed a new civil partnership) or your children are under 21\n\n## How much you can get\n\nFor the 2021 to 2022 tax year Maintenance Payments Relief can reduce your tax bill by the lower of the following:\n\n- \u00a3353 - where you make maintenance payments of \u00a33,530 or more a year\n\n- 10% of the money you\u2019ve actually paid - where you make payments of less than \u00a33,530 a year\n\nYou cannot claim a tax reduction for any voluntary payments you make.\n\n## Claim back tax or National Insurance\n\n## National Insurance refunds\n\nYou can claim back any overpaid National Insurance.\n\n## Tax refunds\n\nYou can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve:\n\n- had too much deducted from your pension\n\n- overpaid through your job\n\nIf you complete a tax return, you can also correct mistakes and claim a refund via Self Assessment.\n\n## Claiming back tax on savings interest\n\nIf you\u2019re on a low income, you may be able to get tax-free interest or get some tax back from interest on your savings.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You do not pay National Insurance after you reach State Pension age - unless you\u2019re self-employed and pay Class 4 contributions. You stop paying Class 4 contributions at the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You only pay Income Tax if your taxable income - including your private pension and State Pension - is more than your tax-free allowances (the amount of income you\u2019re allowed before you pay tax).

    ", + "

    You must contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think you should be paying tax.

    ", + "

    Stop paying National Insurance

    ", + "

    You pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits including the State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed, you pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions as a percentage of your earnings up to State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed, you pay Class 2 contributions at a flat weekly rate and Class 4 contributions annually as a percentage of your taxable profits.

    ", + "

    What happens at State Pension age

    ", + "

    You stop paying Class 1 and Class 2 contributions when you reach State Pension age - even if you\u2019re still working.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue paying Class 4 contributions until the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    For example, you reach State Pension age on 6 September 2021. You\u2019ll stop making Class 4 contributions on 5 April 2022 and pay your final Class 4 bill by 31 January 2023, together with your Income Tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self employed, you still need to send a Self Assessment tax return for each year you work - even after you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You can claim back National Insurance if you\u2019ve overpaid.

    ", + "

    If you continue working

    ", + "

    Show your employer proof of your age (a birth certificate or passport, for example) to make sure you stop paying National Insurance.

    ", + "

    If you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can send you a letter to show them instead.

    ", + "

    The letter will confirm:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve reached State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you do not need to pay National Insurance
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to write to HMRC explaining why you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to send your birth certificate or passport for verification if HMRC does not have a record of your date of birth. Certified copies are accepted.

    ", + "

    You can also show a certificate of age exception (CA4140) if you have one.

    ", + "

    Age-related tax allowances

    ", + "

    Married Couple\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    You can claim the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership and at least one partner was born before 6 April 1935. It gets taken off your tax bill - the amount that\u2019s deducted depends on your income.

    ", + "

    Maintenance Payments Relief

    ", + "

    You can get an allowance to reduce your tax bill for maintenance payments you make to an ex-spouse or civil partner if:

    ", + "
  • you or they were born before 6 April 1935
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re separated or divorced and you\u2019re making payments under a court order
    • ", + "
  • the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-partner (as long as they have not re-married or formed a new civil partnership) or your children are under 21
    • ", + "

    How much you can get

    ", + "

    For the 2021 to 2022 tax year Maintenance Payments Relief can reduce your tax bill by the lower of the following:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3353 - where you make maintenance payments of \u00a33,530 or more a year
    • ", + "
  • 10% of the money you\u2019ve actually paid - where you make payments of less than \u00a33,530 a year
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim a tax reduction for any voluntary payments you make.

    ", + "

    Claim back tax or National Insurance

    ", + "

    National Insurance refunds

    ", + "

    You can claim back any overpaid National Insurance.

    ", + "

    Tax refunds

    ", + "

    You can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • had too much deducted from your pension
    • ", + "
  • overpaid through your job
    • ", + "

    If you complete a tax return, you can also correct mistakes and claim a refund via Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    Claiming back tax on savings interest

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income, you may be able to get tax-free interest or get some tax back from interest on your savings.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/paye-forms-p45-p60-p11d": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-forms-p45-p60-p11d", + "title": "P45, P60 and P11D forms: workers' guide", + "content": "## P45\n\nYou\u2019ll get a P45 from your employer when you stop working for them.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting P45s if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nYour P45 shows how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary so far in the tax year (6 April to 5 April).\n\nA P45 has 4 parts (Part 1, Part 1A, Part 2 and Part 3).\n\n- Your employer sends details for Part 1 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and gives you the other parts.\n\n- You give Part 2 and 3 to your new employer (or to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not working).\n\n- Keep Part 1A for your own records.\n\nBy law your employer must give you a P45 - ask them for one.\n\nYou can check how much tax you paid last year if you think you might have paid too much.\n\n## You do not have a P45\n\nYou will not have a P45 if you\u2019re starting your first job or you\u2019re taking on a second job. Your employer will need to work out how much tax you should be paying on your salary.\n\nThey may use a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 to collect the information, or may collect it another way. The Starter Checklist has questions about any other jobs, benefits or student loans you have. It helps your employer work out your correct tax code before your first payday.\n\n## P60\n\nYour P60 shows the tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary in the tax year (6 April to 5 April). You get a separate P60 for each of your jobs.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting P60s if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nIf you\u2019re working for an employer on 5 April they must give you a P60. They must provide this by 31 May, on paper or electronically.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your P60 to prove how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary, for example:\n\n- to claim back overpaid tax\n\n- to apply for tax credits\n\n- as proof of your income if you apply for a loan or a mortgage\n\nYou can check how much tax you paid last year if you think you might have paid too much.\n\n## P11D\n\nYour employer might give you a copy of your P11D if they used it to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about your \u2018benefits in kind\u2019 (for example company cars or interest-free loans).\n\nThey do not have to do this, but they must tell you how much each benefit is worth.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting form P11D if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nYou might not get a P11D if your employer takes the tax you owe on your benefits out of your pay.\n\nYour employer will write to you to explain how this works.\n\n## Lost PAYE forms\n\n## Lost P45\n\nYou cannot get a replacement P45.\n\nInstead, your new employer may give you a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 or ask you for the relevant details about your finances to send to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n## Lost P60\n\nYou can get a replacement P60 from your employer.\n\n## P11D\n\nYou can usually get a copy of the P11D from your employer. If they cannot give you one, you can contact HMRC for a copy.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    P45

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a P45 from your employer when you stop working for them.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate guide to getting P45s if you\u2019re an employer.

    ", + "

    Your P45 shows how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary so far in the tax year (6 April to 5 April).

    ", + "

    A P45 has 4 parts (Part 1, Part 1A, Part 2 and Part 3).

    ", + "
  • Your employer sends details for Part 1 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and gives you the other parts.
    • ", + "
  • You give Part 2 and 3 to your new employer (or to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not working).
    • ", + "
  • Keep Part 1A for your own records.
    • ", + "

    By law your employer must give you a P45 - ask them for one.

    ", + "

    You can check how much tax you paid last year if you think you might have paid too much.

    ", + "

    You do not have a P45

    ", + "

    You will not have a P45 if you\u2019re starting your first job or you\u2019re taking on a second job. Your employer will need to work out how much tax you should be paying on your salary.

    ", + "

    They may use a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 to collect the information, or may collect it another way. The Starter Checklist has questions about any other jobs, benefits or student loans you have. It helps your employer work out your correct tax code before your first payday.

    ", + "

    P60

    ", + "

    Your P60 shows the tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary in the tax year (6 April to 5 April). You get a separate P60 for each of your jobs.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate guide to getting P60s if you\u2019re an employer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re working for an employer on 5 April they must give you a P60. They must provide this by 31 May, on paper or electronically.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your P60 to prove how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary, for example:

    ", + "
  • to claim back overpaid tax
    • ", + "
  • to apply for tax credits
    • ", + "
  • as proof of your income if you apply for a loan or a mortgage
    • ", + "

    You can check how much tax you paid last year if you think you might have paid too much.

    ", + "

    P11D

    ", + "

    Your employer might give you a copy of your P11D if they used it to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about your \u2018benefits in kind\u2019 (for example company cars or interest-free loans).

    ", + "

    They do not have to do this, but they must tell you how much each benefit is worth.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate guide to getting form P11D if you\u2019re an employer.

    ", + "

    You might not get a P11D if your employer takes the tax you owe on your benefits out of your pay.

    ", + "

    Your employer will write to you to explain how this works.

    ", + "

    Lost PAYE forms

    ", + "

    Lost P45

    ", + "

    You cannot get a replacement P45.

    ", + "

    Instead, your new employer may give you a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 or ask you for the relevant details about your finances to send to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Lost P60

    ", + "

    You can get a replacement P60 from your employer.

    ", + "

    P11D

    ", + "

    You can usually get a copy of the P11D from your employer. If they cannot give you one, you can contact HMRC for a copy.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "title": "Self Assessment tax returns", + "content": "## Overview\n\nSelf Assessment is a system HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) uses to collect Income Tax.\n\nTax is usually deducted automatically from wages, pensions and savings. People and businesses with other income must report it in a tax return.\n\nIf you need to send one, you fill it in after the end of the tax year (5 April) it applies to.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Sending your return\n\nFile your tax return online or send a paper form.\n\nIf your business has been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), you may be able to claim a grant through the\u00a0Self-Employment Income Support Scheme.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nSend your tax return by the deadline.\n\nIf you did not send an online return last year, allow extra time (up to 20 working days) as you\u2019ll need to register first. There are different ways to register if you\u2019re:\n\n- self-employed or a sole trader\n\n- not self-employed\n\n- registering a partner or partnership\n\n## Filling in your return\n\nYou need to keep records (for example bank statements or receipts) so you can fill in your tax return correctly.\n\nYou can get help filling in your return.\n\n## Paying your bill\n\nHMRC will calculate what you owe based on what you report.\n\nPay your Self Assessment bill by 31 January.\n\nHow much tax you pay will depend on the Income Tax band you\u2019re in. There\u2019s a different rate for Capital Gains Tax if you need to pay it, for example you sell shares or a second home.\n\n## Who must send a tax return\n\nYou must send a tax return if, in the last tax year (6 April to 5 April), you were:\n\n- self-employed as a \u2018sole trader\u2019 and earned more than \u00a31,000 (before taking off anything you can claim tax relief on)\n\n- a partner in a business partnership\n\nYou will not usually need to send a return if your only income is from your wages or pension. But you may need to send one if you have any other untaxed income, such as:\n\n- money from renting out a property\n\n- tips and commission\n\n- income from savings, investments and dividends\n\n- foreign income\n\nCheck if you need to send a tax return if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## Other reasons for sending a return\n\nYou can choose to fill in a tax return to:\n\n- claim some Income Tax reliefs\n\n- prove you\u2019re self-employed, for example to claim Tax-Free Childcare or Maternity Allowance\n\n## If you get Child Benefit\n\nIf your income (or your partner\u2019s, if you have one) was over \u00a350,000, you may need to send a return and pay the High Income Child Benefit Charge.\n\n## Registering and sending a return\n\nYou need to register if you did not send a tax return last year. There are different ways to register if you\u2019re:\n\n- self-employed or a sole trader\n\n- not self-employed\n\n- registering a partner or partnership\n\nIf you\u2019re new to Self Assessment, you\u2019ll need to keep records (for example bank statements or receipts) so you can fill in your tax return correctly.\n\n## Sending your return\n\nOnce you\u2019ve registered, you can send your tax return online, or use commercial software or paper forms. You then have to pay your bill by the deadline.\n\nYou can get help filling in your return.\n\n## Using commercial software or paper forms\n\nYou can send a return using commercial software or paper forms.\n\nYou must use one of these options to send returns:\n\n- for a partnership\n\n- for a trust and estate\n\n- if you get income from a trust\n\n- if you lived abroad as a non-resident\n\n- if you\u2019re a Lloyd\u2019s underwriter\n\n- if you\u2019re a religious minister\n\n- to report profits made on selling or disposing of more than one asset (\u2018chargeable gains\u2019)\n\nYou must use a paper form if you need to send a tax return for trustees of registered pension schemes (SA970).\n\nThe deadline for paper forms is 31 October (or 31 January if you\u2019re a trustee of a registered pension scheme or a non-resident company).\n\n## Deadlines\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) must receive your tax return and any money you owe by the deadline.\n\nThe last tax year started on 6 April 2020 and ended on 5 April 2021.\n\n| Self Assessment | Deadline |\n\n| Register for Self Assessment if you\u2019re self-employed or a sole trader, not self-employed, or registering a partner or partnership | 5 October 2021 |\n\n| Paper tax returns | Midnight 31 October 2021 |\n\n| Online tax returns | Midnight 31 January 2022 |\n\n| Pay the tax you owe | Midnight 31 January 2022 |\n\nThere\u2019s usually a second payment deadline of 31 July if you make advance payments towards your bill (known as \u2018payments on account\u2019).\n\nYou\u2019ll usually pay a penalty if you\u2019re late. You can appeal against a penalty if you have a reasonable excuse.\n\n## When the deadline is different\n\nSubmit your online return by 30 December if you want HMRC to automatically collect tax you owe from your wages and pension. You must be eligible.\n\nHMRC must receive a paper tax return by 31 January if you\u2019re a trustee of a registered pension scheme or a non-resident company. You cannot send a return online.\n\nHMRC might also email or write to you giving you a different deadline.\n\n## Partnership returns if you have a company as a partner\n\nIf your partnership\u2019s accounting date is between 1 February and 5 April and one of your partners is a limited company, the deadline for:\n\n- online returns is 12 months from the accounting date\n\n- paper returns is 9 months from the accounting date\n\n## 2019 to 2020 tax year and earlier\n\nThe Self Assessment deadline for these tax years has passed. Send your tax return or payment as soon as possible - you\u2019ll have to pay a penalty.\n\n## Penalties\n\nYou\u2019ll get a penalty if you need to send a tax return and you miss the deadline for submitting it or paying your bill.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay a late filing penalty of \u00a3100 if your tax return is up to 3 months late. You\u2019ll have to pay more if it\u2019s later, or if you pay your tax bill late.\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest on late payments.\n\nEstimate your penalty for Self Assessment tax returns more than 3 months late, and late payments.\n\nYou can appeal against a penalty if you have a reasonable excuse.\n\nAll partners can be charged a penalty if a partnership tax return is late.\n\n## If you need to change your return\n\nYou can make a change to your tax return after you\u2019ve filed it, for example because you made a mistake. You\u2019ll need to make your changes by:\n\n- 31 January 2022 for the 2019 to 2020 tax year\n\n- 31 January 2023 for the 2020 to 2021 tax year\n\nIf you miss the deadline or if you need to make a change to your return for any other tax year you\u2019ll need to write to HMRC.\n\nYour bill will be updated based on what you report. You may have to pay more tax or be able to claim a refund.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you need to report foreign income.\n\n## Updating your tax return\n\nHow you update your tax return depends on how you filed it.\n\n## Online tax returns\n\n- Sign in using your Government Gateway user ID and password.\n\n- From \u2018Your tax account\u2019, choose \u2019Self Assessment account\u2019 (if you do not see this, skip this step).\n\n- Choose \u2018More Self Assessment details\u2019.\n\n- Choose \u2018At a glance\u2019 from the left-hand menu.\n\n- Choose \u2018Tax return options\u2019.\n\n- Choose the tax year for the return you want to amend.\n\n- Go into the tax return, make the corrections and file it again.\n\n## Paper tax returns\n\nDownload a new tax return, and send HMRC the corrected pages. Write \u2018amendment\u2019 on each page, and include your name and Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - this is on previous tax returns or letters from HMRC.\n\nCheck your Self Assessment paperwork for the address. If you cannot find this, send your corrections to the address for general Self Assessment enquiries.\n\n## If you used commercial software\n\nContact the software provider for help correcting your tax return. Contact HMRC if your software is not able to make corrections.\n\n## Write to HMRC\n\nWrite to HMRC if you need to make a change to your tax return from the 2018 to 2019 tax year or earlier.\n\nInclude in your letter:\n\n- the tax year you\u2019re correcting\n\n- why you think you\u2019ve paid too much or little tax\n\n- how much you think you\u2019ve over or underpaid\n\nYou can claim a refund up to 4 years after the end of the tax year it relates to. If you\u2019re making a claim, also include in your letter:\n\n- that you\u2019re making a claim for \u2018overpayment relief\u2019\n\n- proof that you\u2019d paid tax through Self Assessment for the relevant period\n\n- how you want to be repaid\n\n- that you have not previously tried to claim back this refund\n\n- a signed declaration saying that the details you\u2019ve given are correct and complete to the best of your knowledge\n\n## Changes to your bill\n\nYou\u2019ll see your amended bill straight away if you updated your tax return online. Within 3 days, your statement will also show:\n\n- the difference from the old one, so you can see whether you owe more or less tax\n\n- any interest\n\nTo view this, sign in using your Government Gateway user ID and password and choose \u2018View statements\u2019 from the left-hand menu.\n\n## If you\u2019re owed tax\n\nTo claim a refund, go to \u2018Request a repayment\u2019 from the left-hand menu within your HMRC online account. Allow 4 weeks for your refund to be sent to your bank account.\n\nYou may not get a refund if you have tax due in the next 35 days (for example for a payment on account). Instead, the money will be deducted from the tax you owe.\n\n## If you need to pay more tax\n\nYour updated bill will also show:\n\n- the deadline for paying\n\n- the effect on any payments on account you need to make\n\n## If you sent an updated paper return\n\nHMRC will send you an updated bill within 4 weeks. They\u2019ll also pay any refund directly into your bank account, as long as you included your bank details on tax return.\n\n## How to get help\n\nIf you need help with Self Assessment, you can:\n\n- appoint someone to fill in and send your tax return, for example an accountant, friend or relative - you can find an accountant accredited in the UK\n\n- watch videos and join webinars\n\n- contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) for general Self Assessment enquiries\n\n- get help with your online account\n\n## Help filling in your return\n\nThere\u2019s introductory guidance on GOV.UK to:\n\n- Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019ve sold certain things like property or shares\n\n- expenses if you\u2019re an employee or self-employed\n\n- Child Benefit if your income\u2019s over \u00a350,000\n\n- tax on income from renting property\n\n- tax on savings interest\n\n- tax returns for business partnerships\n\n- tax on income from abroad - or on your UK income if you live abroad\n\n## Guidance notes and helpsheets\n\nYou can also read guidance in:\n\n- the notes for each section of the tax return, for example \u2018UK property notes\u2019 if you\u2019re completing that section\n\n- HMRC\u2019s Self Assessment helpsheets\n\n## Returns for someone who has died\n\nYou must report a death to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as soon as possible if you\u2019re dealing with the tax affairs of someone who\u2019s died.\n\nHMRC will tell you if you need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return on the deceased\u2019s behalf. If you do, they\u2019ll send you a return form and a letter with instructions.\n\n## Contacting HMRC\n\nIf you use the Tell Us Once service you do not need to contact HMRC separately.\n\nIf you do not use the Tell Us Once service contact HMRC.\n\nTell HMRC the:\n\n- date of death\n\n- name and address of who to contact\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to tell them one of the following for the deceased:\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - you can find this on letters or payslips from HMRC\n\n- full address\n\n- last employer or pension provider\u2019s name and address\n\n## Filling in the Self Assessment tax return\n\nThe records you\u2019ll need for the deceased\u2019s tax return will depend on their circumstances. You\u2019ll usually need details of the deceased\u2019s bank and savings accounts, for example:\n\n- bank statements\n\n- building society pass books\n\n- dividend vouchers\n\n- National Savings bonds or certificates\n\nIf the deceased was employed or receiving a pension you\u2019ll usually need:\n\n- work or pension payslips\n\n- details of any expenses paid by the employer\n\n- confirmation of any state pension\n\nYou\u2019ll need their business records if the deceased ran their own business or rented out property.\n\nContact HMRC\u2019s Bereavement helpline if you need help completing a return for someone who has died or if you cannot find their records.\n\n## Sending the return\n\nSend the completed Self Assessment form by post.\n\nThe return must reach HMRC by the date given in the letter you received with the form.\n\nYou can hire a professional (such as an accountant) to help you submit a tax return on behalf of the deceased.\n\n## Telling HMRC about the \u2018administration period\u2019\n\nIf you\u2019re the executor or administrator of an estate you may also need to send information to HMRC for the \u2018administration period\u2019. This is the time between the day after the death and the date the estate is settled (\u2018distributed\u2019).\n\nWhat you need to send depends on the size of the estate, and the money that came from it during the administration period.\n\n## When you must send a tax return for the \u2018administration period\u2019\n\nFill in a trust and estate tax return if any of the following apply:\n\n- the total Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax due for the administration period was more than \u00a310,000\n\n- the estate was worth more than \u00a32.5 million at the date of death\n\n- the date of death was before 6 April 2016 and more than \u00a3250,000 a year came from the sale of the estate\u2019s assets by administrators or executors\n\n- the date of death was on or after 6 April 2016 and more than \u00a3500,000 a year came from the sale of the estate\u2019s assets by administrators or executors\n\nThe trust and estate tax return is only for the estate - it\u2019s separate from the return you sent on behalf of the deceased.\n\n## Sending the tax return\n\nTo send an estate tax return, you must first register the estate online.\n\nYou must register by 5 October after the tax year you\u2019re sending a return for. For example, if you\u2019re sending a return for the 2020 to 2021 tax year (6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021) then you must register by 5 October 2021.\n\nTo register the estate you\u2019ll need:\n\n- a Government Gateway user ID - the account needs to be registered as an organisation (you cannot use an account registered to an individual)\n\n- a National Insurance number (a temporary reference number will not work)\n\nYou\u2019ll need a new Government Gateway user ID for each estate you register\n\nYou must register the estate online. Then you\u2019ll get a Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) in the post within 15 working days (21 if you\u2019re abroad). You\u2019ll need it to send a tax return.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve received your UTR, you can either:\n\n- fill in paper form SA900 and post it to HMRC by 31 October after the tax year it applies to\n\n- buy software to send it electronically by 31 January after the tax year it applies to\n\nAfter you\u2019ve sent your return, HMRC will tell you how much the estate owes. You\u2019ll need to pay the Self Assessment bill by the deadline.\n\n## If you do not need to send a tax return\n\nYou can make \u2018informal arrangements\u2019 instead. To do this, write to HMRC and tell them:\n\n- the Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax due for the administration period\n\n- the name, address, National Insurance number, and UTR of the deceased\n\n- your name and contact details\n\nSend this information to HMRC\u2019s address for PAYE and Self Assessment. You must not send tax payments with this information.\n\nYou\u2019ll be provided with a payment slip and reference number. You must use these to pay any tax that needs to be paid.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Self Assessment is a system HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) uses to collect Income Tax.

    ", + "

    Tax is usually deducted automatically from wages, pensions and savings. People and businesses with other income must report it in a tax return.

    ", + "

    If you need to send one, you fill it in after the end of the tax year (5 April) it applies to.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Sending your return

    ", + "

    File your tax return online or send a paper form.

    ", + "

    If your business has been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), you may be able to claim a grant through the\u00a0Self-Employment Income Support Scheme.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    Send your tax return by the deadline.

    ", + "

    If you did not send an online return last year, allow extra time (up to 20 working days) as you\u2019ll need to register first. There are different ways to register if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • self-employed or a sole trader
    • ", + "
  • not self-employed
    • ", + "
  • registering a partner or partnership
    • ", + "

    Filling in your return

    ", + "

    You need to keep records (for example bank statements or receipts) so you can fill in your tax return correctly.

    ", + "

    You can get help filling in your return.

    ", + "

    Paying your bill

    ", + "

    HMRC will calculate what you owe based on what you report.

    ", + "

    Pay your Self Assessment bill by 31 January.

    ", + "

    How much tax you pay will depend on the Income Tax band you\u2019re in. There\u2019s a different rate for Capital Gains Tax if you need to pay it, for example you sell shares or a second home.

    ", + "

    Who must send a tax return

    ", + "

    You must send a tax return if, in the last tax year (6 April to 5 April), you were:

    ", + "
  • self-employed as a \u2018sole trader\u2019 and earned more than \u00a31,000 (before taking off anything you can claim tax relief on)
    • ", + "
  • a partner in a business partnership
    • ", + "

    You will not usually need to send a return if your only income is from your wages or pension. But you may need to send one if you have any other untaxed income, such as:

    ", + "
  • money from renting out a property
    • ", + "
  • tips and commission
    • ", + "
  • income from savings, investments and dividends
    • ", + "
  • foreign income
    • ", + "

    Check if you need to send a tax return if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    Other reasons for sending a return

    ", + "

    You can choose to fill in a tax return to:

    ", + "
  • claim some Income Tax reliefs
    • ", + "
  • prove you\u2019re self-employed, for example to claim Tax-Free Childcare or Maternity Allowance
    • ", + "

    If you get Child Benefit

    ", + "

    If your income (or your partner\u2019s, if you have one) was over \u00a350,000, you may need to send a return and pay the High Income Child Benefit Charge.

    ", + "

    Registering and sending a return

    ", + "

    You need to register if you did not send a tax return last year. There are different ways to register if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • self-employed or a sole trader
    • ", + "
  • not self-employed
    • ", + "
  • registering a partner or partnership
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re new to Self Assessment, you\u2019ll need to keep records (for example bank statements or receipts) so you can fill in your tax return correctly.

    ", + "

    Sending your return

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve registered, you can send your tax return online, or use commercial software or paper forms. You then have to pay your bill by the deadline.

    ", + "

    You can get help filling in your return.

    ", + "

    Using commercial software or paper forms

    ", + "

    You can send a return using commercial software or paper forms.

    ", + "

    You must use one of these options to send returns:

    ", + "
  • for a partnership
    • ", + "
  • for a trust and estate
    • ", + "
  • if you get income from a trust
    • ", + "
  • if you lived abroad as a non-resident
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re a Lloyd\u2019s underwriter
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re a religious minister
    • ", + "
  • to report profits made on selling or disposing of more than one asset (\u2018chargeable gains\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You must use a paper form if you need to send a tax return for trustees of registered pension schemes (SA970).

    ", + "

    The deadline for paper forms is 31 October (or 31 January if you\u2019re a trustee of a registered pension scheme or a non-resident company).

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) must receive your tax return and any money you owe by the deadline.

    ", + "

    The last tax year started on 6 April 2020 and ended on 5 April 2021.

    ", + "Self Assessment | Deadline", + "Register for Self Assessment if you\u2019re self-employed or a sole trader, not self-employed, or registering a partner or partnership | 5 October 2021", + "Paper tax returns | Midnight 31 October 2021", + "Online tax returns | Midnight 31 January 2022", + "Pay the tax you owe | Midnight 31 January 2022", + "

    There\u2019s usually a second payment deadline of 31 July if you make advance payments towards your bill (known as \u2018payments on account\u2019).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually pay a penalty if you\u2019re late. You can appeal against a penalty if you have a reasonable excuse.

    ", + "

    When the deadline is different

    ", + "

    Submit your online return by 30 December if you want HMRC to automatically collect tax you owe from your wages and pension. You must be eligible.

    ", + "

    HMRC must receive a paper tax return by 31 January if you\u2019re a trustee of a registered pension scheme or a non-resident company. You cannot send a return online.

    ", + "

    HMRC might also email or write to you giving you a different deadline.

    ", + "

    Partnership returns if you have a company as a partner

    ", + "

    If your partnership\u2019s accounting date is between 1 February and 5 April and one of your partners is a limited company, the deadline for:

    ", + "
  • online returns is 12 months from the accounting date
    • ", + "
  • paper returns is 9 months from the accounting date
    • ", + "

    2019 to 2020 tax year and earlier

    ", + "

    The Self Assessment deadline for these tax years has passed. Send your tax return or payment as soon as possible - you\u2019ll have to pay a penalty.

    ", + "

    Penalties

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a penalty if you need to send a tax return and you miss the deadline for submitting it or paying your bill.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay a late filing penalty of \u00a3100 if your tax return is up to 3 months late. You\u2019ll have to pay more if it\u2019s later, or if you pay your tax bill late.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged interest on late payments.

    ", + "

    Estimate your penalty for Self Assessment tax returns more than 3 months late, and late payments.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against a penalty if you have a reasonable excuse.

    ", + "

    All partners can be charged a penalty if a partnership tax return is late.

    ", + "

    If you need to change your return

    ", + "

    You can make a change to your tax return after you\u2019ve filed it, for example because you made a mistake. You\u2019ll need to make your changes by:

    ", + "
  • 31 January 2022 for the 2019 to 2020 tax year
    • ", + "
  • 31 January 2023 for the 2020 to 2021 tax year
    • ", + "

    If you miss the deadline or if you need to make a change to your return for any other tax year you\u2019ll need to write to HMRC.

    ", + "

    Your bill will be updated based on what you report. You may have to pay more tax or be able to claim a refund.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you need to report foreign income.

    ", + "

    Updating your tax return

    ", + "

    How you update your tax return depends on how you filed it.

    ", + "

    Online tax returns

    ", + "
  • Sign in using your Government Gateway user ID and password.
    • ", + "
  • From \u2018Your tax account\u2019, choose \u2019Self Assessment account\u2019 (if you do not see this, skip this step).
    • ", + "
  • Choose \u2018More Self Assessment details\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Choose \u2018At a glance\u2019 from the left-hand menu.
    • ", + "
  • Choose \u2018Tax return options\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Choose the tax year for the return you want to amend.
    • ", + "
  • Go into the tax return, make the corrections and file it again.
    • ", + "

    Paper tax returns

    ", + "

    Download a new tax return, and send HMRC the corrected pages. Write \u2018amendment\u2019 on each page, and include your name and Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - this is on previous tax returns or letters from HMRC.

    ", + "

    Check your Self Assessment paperwork for the address. If you cannot find this, send your corrections to the address for general Self Assessment enquiries.

    ", + "

    If you used commercial software

    ", + "

    Contact the software provider for help correcting your tax return. Contact HMRC if your software is not able to make corrections.

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC

    ", + "

    Write to HMRC if you need to make a change to your tax return from the 2018 to 2019 tax year or earlier.

    ", + "

    Include in your letter:

    ", + "
  • the tax year you\u2019re correcting
    • ", + "
  • why you think you\u2019ve paid too much or little tax
    • ", + "
  • how much you think you\u2019ve over or underpaid
    • ", + "

    You can claim a refund up to 4 years after the end of the tax year it relates to. If you\u2019re making a claim, also include in your letter:

    ", + "
  • that you\u2019re making a claim for \u2018overpayment relief\u2019
    • ", + "
  • proof that you\u2019d paid tax through Self Assessment for the relevant period
    • ", + "
  • how you want to be repaid
    • ", + "
  • that you have not previously tried to claim back this refund
    • ", + "
  • a signed declaration saying that the details you\u2019ve given are correct and complete to the best of your knowledge
    • ", + "

    Changes to your bill

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll see your amended bill straight away if you updated your tax return online. Within 3 days, your statement will also show:

    ", + "
  • the difference from the old one, so you can see whether you owe more or less tax
    • ", + "
  • any interest
    • ", + "

    To view this, sign in using your Government Gateway user ID and password and choose \u2018View statements\u2019 from the left-hand menu.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re owed tax

    ", + "

    To claim a refund, go to \u2018Request a repayment\u2019 from the left-hand menu within your HMRC online account. Allow 4 weeks for your refund to be sent to your bank account.

    ", + "

    You may not get a refund if you have tax due in the next 35 days (for example for a payment on account). Instead, the money will be deducted from the tax you owe.

    ", + "

    If you need to pay more tax

    ", + "

    Your updated bill will also show:

    ", + "
  • the deadline for paying
    • ", + "
  • the effect on any payments on account you need to make
    • ", + "

    If you sent an updated paper return

    ", + "

    HMRC will send you an updated bill within 4 weeks. They\u2019ll also pay any refund directly into your bank account, as long as you included your bank details on tax return.

    ", + "

    How to get help

    ", + "

    If you need help with Self Assessment, you can:

    ", + "
  • appoint someone to fill in and send your tax return, for example an accountant, friend or relative - you can find an accountant accredited in the UK
    • ", + "
  • watch videos and join webinars
    • ", + "
  • contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) for general Self Assessment enquiries
    • ", + "
  • get help with your online account
    • ", + "

    Help filling in your return

    ", + "

    There\u2019s introductory guidance on GOV.UK to:

    ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019ve sold certain things like property or shares
    • ", + "
  • expenses if you\u2019re an employee or self-employed
    • ", + "
  • Child Benefit if your income\u2019s over \u00a350,000
    • ", + "
  • tax on income from renting property
    • ", + "
  • tax on savings interest
    • ", + "
  • tax returns for business partnerships
    • ", + "
  • tax on income from abroad - or on your UK income if you live abroad
    • ", + "

    Guidance notes and helpsheets

    ", + "

    You can also read guidance in:

    ", + "
  • the notes for each section of the tax return, for example \u2018UK property notes\u2019 if you\u2019re completing that section
    • ", + "
  • HMRC\u2019s Self Assessment helpsheets
    • ", + "

    Returns for someone who has died

    ", + "

    You must report a death to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as soon as possible if you\u2019re dealing with the tax affairs of someone who\u2019s died.

    ", + "

    HMRC will tell you if you need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return on the deceased\u2019s behalf. If you do, they\u2019ll send you a return form and a letter with instructions.

    ", + "

    Contacting HMRC

    ", + "

    If you use the Tell Us Once service you do not need to contact HMRC separately.

    ", + "

    If you do not use the Tell Us Once service contact HMRC.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC the:

    ", + "
  • date of death
    • ", + "
  • name and address of who to contact
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to tell them one of the following for the deceased:

    ", + "
  • National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - you can find this on letters or payslips from HMRC
    • ", + "
  • full address
    • ", + "
  • last employer or pension provider\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "

    Filling in the Self Assessment tax return

    ", + "

    The records you\u2019ll need for the deceased\u2019s tax return will depend on their circumstances. You\u2019ll usually need details of the deceased\u2019s bank and savings accounts, for example:

    ", + "
  • bank statements
    • ", + "
  • building society pass books
    • ", + "
  • dividend vouchers
    • ", + "
  • National Savings bonds or certificates
    • ", + "

    If the deceased was employed or receiving a pension you\u2019ll usually need:

    ", + "
  • work or pension payslips
    • ", + "
  • details of any expenses paid by the employer
    • ", + "
  • confirmation of any state pension
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need their business records if the deceased ran their own business or rented out property.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC\u2019s Bereavement helpline if you need help completing a return for someone who has died or if you cannot find their records.

    ", + "

    Sending the return

    ", + "

    Send the completed Self Assessment form by post.

    ", + "

    The return must reach HMRC by the date given in the letter you received with the form.

    ", + "

    You can hire a professional (such as an accountant) to help you submit a tax return on behalf of the deceased.

    ", + "

    Telling HMRC about the \u2018administration period\u2019

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the executor or administrator of an estate you may also need to send information to HMRC for the \u2018administration period\u2019. This is the time between the day after the death and the date the estate is settled (\u2018distributed\u2019).

    ", + "

    What you need to send depends on the size of the estate, and the money that came from it during the administration period.

    ", + "

    When you must send a tax return for the \u2018administration period\u2019

    ", + "

    Fill in a trust and estate tax return if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the total Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax due for the administration period was more than \u00a310,000
    • ", + "
  • the estate was worth more than \u00a32.5 million at the date of death
    • ", + "
  • the date of death was before 6 April 2016 and more than \u00a3250,000 a year came from the sale of the estate\u2019s assets by administrators or executors
    • ", + "
  • the date of death was on or after 6 April 2016 and more than \u00a3500,000 a year came from the sale of the estate\u2019s assets by administrators or executors
    • ", + "

    The trust and estate tax return is only for the estate - it\u2019s separate from the return you sent on behalf of the deceased.

    ", + "

    Sending the tax return

    ", + "

    To send an estate tax return, you must first register the estate online.

    ", + "

    You must register by 5 October after the tax year you\u2019re sending a return for. For example, if you\u2019re sending a return for the 2020 to 2021 tax year (6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021) then you must register by 5 October 2021.

    ", + "

    To register the estate you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a Government Gateway user ID - the account needs to be registered as an organisation (you cannot use an account registered to an individual)
    • ", + "
  • a National Insurance number (a temporary reference number will not work)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a new Government Gateway user ID for each estate you register

    ", + "

    You must register the estate online. Then you\u2019ll get a Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) in the post within 15 working days (21 if you\u2019re abroad). You\u2019ll need it to send a tax return.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve received your UTR, you can either:

    ", + "
  • fill in paper form SA900 and post it to HMRC by 31 October after the tax year it applies to
    • ", + "
  • buy software to send it electronically by 31 January after the tax year it applies to
    • ", + "

    After you\u2019ve sent your return, HMRC will tell you how much the estate owes. You\u2019ll need to pay the Self Assessment bill by the deadline.

    ", + "

    If you do not need to send a tax return

    ", + "

    You can make \u2018informal arrangements\u2019 instead. To do this, write to HMRC and tell them:

    ", + "
  • the Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax due for the administration period
    • ", + "
  • the name, address, National Insurance number, and UTR of the deceased
    • ", + "
  • your name and contact details
    • ", + "

    Send this information to HMRC\u2019s address for PAYE and Self Assessment. You must not send tax payments with this information.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be provided with a payment slip and reference number. You must use these to pay any tax that needs to be paid.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "title": "Tax and Employee Share Schemes", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf your employer offers you company shares, you could get tax advantages, like not paying Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.\n\nTax advantages only apply if the shares are offered through the following schemes:\n\n- Share Incentive Plans\n\n- Save As You Earn (SAYE)\n\n- Company Share Option Plans\n\n- Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)\n\nYou may be offered shares outside of these schemes. However these will not have the same tax advantages.\n\nYou can also get tax advantages if you\u2019re an employee shareholder.\n\n## Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)\n\nIf you get shares through a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and keep them in the plan for 5 years you will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.\n\nYou will not pay Capital Gains Tax on shares you sell if you keep them in the plan until you sell them.\n\nIf you take them out of the plan, keep them and then sell them later on, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if their value has increased.\n\nThere are 4 ways you can get shares under SIPs.\n\n## Free shares\n\nYour employer can give you up to \u00a33,600 of free shares in any tax year.\n\n## Partnership shares\n\nYou can buy shares out of your salary before tax deductions. There\u2019s a limit to how much you can spend - either \u00a31,800 or 10% of your income for the tax year, whichever is lower.\n\n## Matching shares\n\nYour employer can give you up to 2 free matching shares for each partnership share you buy.\n\n## Dividend shares\n\nYou may be able to buy more shares with the dividends you get from free, partnership or matching shares (but only if your employer\u2019s scheme allows it).\n\nYou will not pay Income Tax if you keep the dividend shares for at least 3 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax and National Insurance on any shares you take out of a SIP early.\n\n## Save As You Earn (SAYE)\n\nThis is a savings-related share scheme where you can buy shares with your savings for a fixed price.\n\nYou can save up to \u00a3500 a month under the scheme. At the end of your savings contract (3 or 5 years) you can use the savings to buy shares.\n\nThe tax advantages are:\n\n- the interest and any bonus at the end of the scheme is tax-free\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re worth\n\nYou might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\nYou\u2019ll not pay Capital Gains Tax if you transfer the shares:\n\n- to an Individual Savings Account (ISA) within 90 days of the scheme ending\n\n- to a pension, directly from the scheme when it ends\n\nIf you do not transfer your shares to a pension immediately when the scheme ends, you can still transfer them up to 90 days later. You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if they go up in value between when you buy them and when you transfer them.\n\n## Company Share Option Plan\n\nThis gives you the option to buy up to \u00a330,000 worth of shares at a fixed price.\n\nYou will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance contributions on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re actually worth.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\n## Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)\n\nIf you work for a company with assets of \u00a330 million or less, it may be able to offer Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs).\n\nYour company can grant you share options up to the value of \u00a3250,000 in a 3-year period.\n\nYou will not have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance if you buy the shares for at least the market value they had when you were granted the option.\n\nIf you were given a discount on the market value, you\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay and what the shares were worth.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\n## Excluded activities\n\nCompanies that work in \u2018excluded activities\u2019 are not allowed to offer EMIs. Excluded activities include:\n\n- banking\n\n- farming\n\n- property development\n\n- provision of legal services\n\n- ship building\n\n## Employee shareholder shares\n\nTo be an employee shareholder, you must own shares in your employer\u2019s company that were worth at least \u00a32,000 when you got them.\n\nYou will not usually pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the first \u00a32,000 worth of employee shareholder shares you get before 1 December 2016.\n\nYou will not get tax relief if you or someone you\u2019re connected with (like a business partner, spouse or family member) have 25% or more voting rights in the company.\n\nWhen you become an employee shareholder your employer must pay for an independent expert to give advice about the terms and effects of the employee shareholder agreement. This advice not count as a taxable benefit.\n\n## Selling your shares\n\nYou might not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell shares. It depends on when you signed your employee shareholder agreement.\n\n## Before 17 March 2016\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax on shares that were worth over \u00a350,000 when you got them.\n\n## From 17 March 2016\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax on gains over \u00a3100,000 that you make during your lifetime. The \u2018gain\u2019 is the profit you make when you sell shares that have increased in value.\n\n## Transferring your shares to an ISA\n\nYou can transfer up to \u00a320,000 of employee shares into a stocks and shares Individual Savings Account (ISA) if you have shares in a:\n\n- Save As You Earn (SAYE) scheme\n\n- Share Incentive Plan (SIP)\n\nYour ISA provider must agree to the transfer.\n\nYou will not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on any gains you make on your shares if you move them to an ISA.\n\nYou must transfer your shares to your ISA within 90 days of when you took out your SIP or SAYE shares.\n\nThese shares will count towards your \u00a320,000 ISA limit. They cannot be in addition to the limit.\n\nAsk your employer or ISA provider for more information on how to transfer.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If your employer offers you company shares, you could get tax advantages, like not paying Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.

    ", + "

    Tax advantages only apply if the shares are offered through the following schemes:

    ", + "
  • Share Incentive Plans
    • ", + "
  • Save As You Earn (SAYE)
    • ", + "
  • Company Share Option Plans
    • ", + "
  • Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)
    • ", + "

    You may be offered shares outside of these schemes. However these will not have the same tax advantages.

    ", + "

    You can also get tax advantages if you\u2019re an employee shareholder.

    ", + "

    Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)

    ", + "

    If you get shares through a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and keep them in the plan for 5 years you will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.

    ", + "

    You will not pay Capital Gains Tax on shares you sell if you keep them in the plan until you sell them.

    ", + "

    If you take them out of the plan, keep them and then sell them later on, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if their value has increased.

    ", + "

    There are 4 ways you can get shares under SIPs.

    ", + "

    Free shares

    ", + "

    Your employer can give you up to \u00a33,600 of free shares in any tax year.

    ", + "

    Partnership shares

    ", + "

    You can buy shares out of your salary before tax deductions. There\u2019s a limit to how much you can spend - either \u00a31,800 or 10% of your income for the tax year, whichever is lower.

    ", + "

    Matching shares

    ", + "

    Your employer can give you up to 2 free matching shares for each partnership share you buy.

    ", + "

    Dividend shares

    ", + "

    You may be able to buy more shares with the dividends you get from free, partnership or matching shares (but only if your employer\u2019s scheme allows it).

    ", + "

    You will not pay Income Tax if you keep the dividend shares for at least 3 years.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax and National Insurance on any shares you take out of a SIP early.

    ", + "

    Save As You Earn (SAYE)

    ", + "

    This is a savings-related share scheme where you can buy shares with your savings for a fixed price.

    ", + "

    You can save up to \u00a3500 a month under the scheme. At the end of your savings contract (3 or 5 years) you can use the savings to buy shares.

    ", + "

    The tax advantages are:

    ", + "
  • the interest and any bonus at the end of the scheme is tax-free
    • ", + "
  • you do not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re worth
    • ", + "

    You might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll not pay Capital Gains Tax if you transfer the shares:

    ", + "
  • to an Individual Savings Account (ISA) within 90 days of the scheme ending
    • ", + "
  • to a pension, directly from the scheme when it ends
    • ", + "

    If you do not transfer your shares to a pension immediately when the scheme ends, you can still transfer them up to 90 days later. You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if they go up in value between when you buy them and when you transfer them.

    ", + "

    Company Share Option Plan

    ", + "

    This gives you the option to buy up to \u00a330,000 worth of shares at a fixed price.

    ", + "

    You will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance contributions on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re actually worth.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.

    ", + "

    Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)

    ", + "

    If you work for a company with assets of \u00a330 million or less, it may be able to offer Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs).

    ", + "

    Your company can grant you share options up to the value of \u00a3250,000 in a 3-year period.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance if you buy the shares for at least the market value they had when you were granted the option.

    ", + "

    If you were given a discount on the market value, you\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay and what the shares were worth.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.

    ", + "

    Excluded activities

    ", + "

    Companies that work in \u2018excluded activities\u2019 are not allowed to offer EMIs. Excluded activities include:

    ", + "
  • banking
    • ", + "
  • farming
    • ", + "
  • property development
    • ", + "
  • provision of legal services
    • ", + "
  • ship building
    • ", + "

    Employee shareholder shares

    ", + "

    To be an employee shareholder, you must own shares in your employer\u2019s company that were worth at least \u00a32,000 when you got them.

    ", + "

    You will not usually pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the first \u00a32,000 worth of employee shareholder shares you get before 1 December 2016.

    ", + "

    You will not get tax relief if you or someone you\u2019re connected with (like a business partner, spouse or family member) have 25% or more voting rights in the company.

    ", + "

    When you become an employee shareholder your employer must pay for an independent expert to give advice about the terms and effects of the employee shareholder agreement. This advice not count as a taxable benefit.

    ", + "

    Selling your shares

    ", + "

    You might not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell shares. It depends on when you signed your employee shareholder agreement.

    ", + "

    Before 17 March 2016

    ", + "

    You only pay Capital Gains Tax on shares that were worth over \u00a350,000 when you got them.

    ", + "

    From 17 March 2016

    ", + "

    You only pay Capital Gains Tax on gains over \u00a3100,000 that you make during your lifetime. The \u2018gain\u2019 is the profit you make when you sell shares that have increased in value.

    ", + "

    Transferring your shares to an ISA

    ", + "

    You can transfer up to \u00a320,000 of employee shares into a stocks and shares Individual Savings Account (ISA) if you have shares in a:

    ", + "
  • Save As You Earn (SAYE) scheme
    • ", + "
  • Share Incentive Plan (SIP)
    • ", + "

    Your ISA provider must agree to the transfer.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on any gains you make on your shares if you move them to an ISA.

    ", + "

    You must transfer your shares to your ISA within 90 days of when you took out your SIP or SAYE shares.

    ", + "

    These shares will count towards your \u00a320,000 ISA limit. They cannot be in addition to the limit.

    ", + "

    Ask your employer or ISA provider for more information on how to transfer.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-codes": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-codes", + "title": "Tax codes", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour tax code is used by your employer or pension provider to work out how much Income Tax to take from your pay or pension. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell them which code to use.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Find your tax code\n\nUse the check your Income Tax online service within your Personal Tax Account to find your tax code for the current year. You can also view your tax code for:\n\n- a previous tax year\n\n- the next tax year\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to sign in with Government Gateway or create an account if you do not already have one.\n\nOnce signed in, you can also see:\n\n- if your tax code has changed\n\n- how much tax you\u2019re likely to pay\n\nYou can also find your tax code on your payslip or tax code letter from HMRC.\n\n## If you think your tax code is wrong\n\nIf you think your tax code is wrong, you can update your employment details using the check your Income Tax online service.\n\nYou can also tell HMRC about a change in income that may have affected your tax code.\n\n## Why your tax code might change\n\nHMRC may update your tax code if:\n\n- you start to get income from an additional job or pension\n\n- your employer tells HMRC you have started or stopped getting benefits from your job\n\n- you get taxable state benefits\n\n- you claim Marriage Allowance\n\n- you claim expenses that you get tax relief on\n\nYou may also be put on an emergency tax code if you change jobs.\n\n## What your tax code means\n\nYour tax code is made up of several numbers and a letter.\n\n1257L is the tax code currently used for most people who have one job or pension.\n\nHMRC will usually contact you to explain how they worked out your individual tax code if your tax code changes.\n\n## What the numbers mean\n\nThe numbers in your tax code tell your employer or pension provider how much tax-free income you get in that tax year.\n\nHMRC works out your individual number based on your tax-free Personal Allowance and income you have not paid tax on (such as untaxed interest or part-time earnings). They also consider the value of any benefits from your job (such as a company car).\n\n## What the letters mean\n\nLetters in your tax code refer to your situation and how it affects your Personal Allowance.\n\n| Letters | What they mean |\n\n| L | You\u2019re entitled to the standard tax-free Personal Allowance |\n\n| M | Marriage Allowance: you\u2019ve received a transfer of 10% of your partner\u2019s Personal Allowance |\n\n| N | Marriage Allowance: you\u2019ve transferred 10% of your Personal Allowance to your partner |\n\n| T | Your tax code includes other calculations to work out your Personal Allowance |\n\n| 0T | Your Personal Allowance has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code |\n\n| BR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| D0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| D1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the additional rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| NT | You\u2019re not paying any tax on this income |\n\n| S | Your income or pension is taxed using the rates in Scotland |\n\n| S0T | Your Personal Allowance (Scotland) has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code |\n\n| SBR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| SD0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the intermediate rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| SD1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| SD2 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the top rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| C | Your income or pension is taxed using the rates in Wales |\n\n| C0T | Your Personal Allowance (Wales) has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code |\n\n| CBR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| CD0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| CD1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the additional rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n## If your tax code has \u2018W1\u2019 or \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018X\u2019 at the end\n\nThese are emergency tax codes.\n\n## If your tax code has a \u2018K\u2019 at the beginning\n\nTax codes with \u2018K\u2019 at the beginning mean you have income that is not being taxed another way and it\u2019s worth more than your tax-free allowance.\n\nFor most people, this happens when you\u2019re:\n\n- paying tax you owe from a previous year through your wages or pension\n\n- getting benefits you need to pay tax on - these can be state benefits or company benefits\n\nYour employer or pension provider takes the tax due on the income that has not been taxed from your wages or pension - even if another organisation is paying the untaxed income to you.\n\nEmployers and pension providers cannot take more than half your pre-tax wages or pension when using a K tax code.\n\n## Emergency tax codes\n\nIf you\u2019re on an emergency tax code your payslip will show:\n\n- 1257 W1\n\n- 1257 M1\n\n- 1257 X\n\nThese mean you\u2019ll pay tax on all your income above the basic Personal Allowance.\n\nYou may be put on an emergency tax code if HMRC does not get your income details in time after a change in circumstances such as:\n\n- a new job\n\n- working for an employer after being self-employed\n\n- getting company benefits or the State Pension\n\nEmergency tax codes are temporary. HMRC will usually update your tax code when you or your employer give them your correct details. If your change in circumstances means you have not paid the right amount of tax, you\u2019ll stay on the emergency tax code until you\u2019ve paid the correct tax for the year.\n\n## Updating your details\n\nYour employer can help you update your tax code by sending details about your previous income or pension to HMRC.\n\n## If you\u2019ve started a new job\n\nGive your employer your P45 from your previous job. If you do not have a P45, your employer should ask you for the information they need instead.\n\n## If you\u2019ve started working for an employer after being self-employed\n\nYour employer should give you a \u2018starter checklist\u2019 - this is a form you can use to give them details about your previous employment.\n\n## If you\u2019ve started getting company benefits or the State Pension\n\nCheck your tax code online to make sure it includes the State Pension or company benefit. If they\u2019re not included, update your details in the tax code online service or by contacting HMRC.\n\nThe emergency tax code will stay in place until the end of the tax year. This means you\u2019ll pay the right amount of tax for the current tax year. In the new tax year HMRC will put you on a regular tax code.\n\n## Tell HMRC about a change in income\n\nIn most cases, HMRC will automatically update your tax code when your income changes, for example if you start a new job, start getting a pension or receive benefits or work expenses. They\u2019ll usually get this information from your employer.\n\nIf HMRC has the wrong information about your income, you may be given an incorrect tax code.\n\nTo correct your tax code, make sure HMRC has up-to-date details about your income.\n\nCheck what you need to do if you\u2019re on an emergency tax code.\n\n## Tell HMRC about a change\n\nYou can report a change in your income by either:\n\n- using the online check your Income Tax service\n\n- contacting HMRC\n\n## If you\u2019re contacting HMRC on someone else\u2019s behalf\n\nIf you need to tell HMRC about a change in someone else\u2019s income (for example, because you\u2019re their accountant) fill in a PAYE Coding Notice query form.\n\n## After you report your change\n\nHMRC will contact you if they change your tax code.\nThey will also tell your employer or pension provider that your tax code has changed.\n\nYour next payslip should show:\n\n- your new tax code\n\n- adjustments to your pay if you were paying the wrong amount of tax\n\n## Get a tax refund or pay the tax you owe\n\nIf HMRC update your tax code and you\u2019ve paid too much or too little tax, HMRC will send you a P800 or a Simple Assessment tax calculation. This will enable you to get a refund or pay what you owe.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your tax code is used by your employer or pension provider to work out how much Income Tax to take from your pay or pension. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell them which code to use.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Find your tax code

    ", + "

    Use the check your Income Tax online service within your Personal Tax Account to find your tax code for the current year. You can also view your tax code for:

    ", + "
  • a previous tax year
    • ", + "
  • the next tax year
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to sign in with Government Gateway or create an account if you do not already have one.

    ", + "

    Once signed in, you can also see:

    ", + "
  • if your tax code has changed
    • ", + "
  • how much tax you\u2019re likely to pay
    • ", + "

    You can also find your tax code on your payslip or tax code letter from HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you think your tax code is wrong

    ", + "

    If you think your tax code is wrong, you can update your employment details using the check your Income Tax online service.

    ", + "

    You can also tell HMRC about a change in income that may have affected your tax code.

    ", + "

    Why your tax code might change

    ", + "

    HMRC may update your tax code if:

    ", + "
  • you start to get income from an additional job or pension
    • ", + "
  • your employer tells HMRC you have started or stopped getting benefits from your job
    • ", + "
  • you get taxable state benefits
    • ", + "
  • you claim Marriage Allowance
    • ", + "
  • you claim expenses that you get tax relief on
    • ", + "

    You may also be put on an emergency tax code if you change jobs.

    ", + "

    What your tax code means

    ", + "

    Your tax code is made up of several numbers and a letter.

    ", + "

    1257L is the tax code currently used for most people who have one job or pension.

    ", + "

    HMRC will usually contact you to explain how they worked out your individual tax code if your tax code changes.

    ", + "

    What the numbers mean

    ", + "

    The numbers in your tax code tell your employer or pension provider how much tax-free income you get in that tax year.

    ", + "

    HMRC works out your individual number based on your tax-free Personal Allowance and income you have not paid tax on (such as untaxed interest or part-time earnings). They also consider the value of any benefits from your job (such as a company car).

    ", + "

    What the letters mean

    ", + "

    Letters in your tax code refer to your situation and how it affects your Personal Allowance.

    ", + "Letters | What they mean", + "L | You\u2019re entitled to the standard tax-free Personal Allowance", + "M | Marriage Allowance: you\u2019ve received a transfer of 10% of your partner\u2019s Personal Allowance", + "N | Marriage Allowance: you\u2019ve transferred 10% of your Personal Allowance to your partner", + "T | Your tax code includes other calculations to work out your Personal Allowance", + "0T | Your Personal Allowance has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code", + "BR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "D0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "D1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the additional rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "NT | You\u2019re not paying any tax on this income", + "S | Your income or pension is taxed using the rates in Scotland", + "S0T | Your Personal Allowance (Scotland) has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code", + "SBR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "SD0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the intermediate rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "SD1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "SD2 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the top rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "C | Your income or pension is taxed using the rates in Wales", + "C0T | Your Personal Allowance (Wales) has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code", + "CBR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "CD0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "CD1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the additional rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension)", + "

    If your tax code has \u2018W1\u2019 or \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018X\u2019 at the end

    ", + "

    These are emergency tax codes.

    ", + "

    If your tax code has a \u2018K\u2019 at the beginning

    ", + "

    Tax codes with \u2018K\u2019 at the beginning mean you have income that is not being taxed another way and it\u2019s worth more than your tax-free allowance.

    ", + "

    For most people, this happens when you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • paying tax you owe from a previous year through your wages or pension
    • ", + "
  • getting benefits you need to pay tax on - these can be state benefits or company benefits
    • ", + "

    Your employer or pension provider takes the tax due on the income that has not been taxed from your wages or pension - even if another organisation is paying the untaxed income to you.

    ", + "

    Employers and pension providers cannot take more than half your pre-tax wages or pension when using a K tax code.

    ", + "

    Emergency tax codes

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on an emergency tax code your payslip will show:

    ", + "
  • 1257 W1
    • ", + "
  • 1257 M1
    • ", + "
  • 1257 X
    • ", + "

    These mean you\u2019ll pay tax on all your income above the basic Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    You may be put on an emergency tax code if HMRC does not get your income details in time after a change in circumstances such as:

    ", + "
  • a new job
    • ", + "
  • working for an employer after being self-employed
    • ", + "
  • getting company benefits or the State Pension
    • ", + "

    Emergency tax codes are temporary. HMRC will usually update your tax code when you or your employer give them your correct details. If your change in circumstances means you have not paid the right amount of tax, you\u2019ll stay on the emergency tax code until you\u2019ve paid the correct tax for the year.

    ", + "

    Updating your details

    ", + "

    Your employer can help you update your tax code by sending details about your previous income or pension to HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve started a new job

    ", + "

    Give your employer your P45 from your previous job. If you do not have a P45, your employer should ask you for the information they need instead.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve started working for an employer after being self-employed

    ", + "

    Your employer should give you a \u2018starter checklist\u2019 - this is a form you can use to give them details about your previous employment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve started getting company benefits or the State Pension

    ", + "

    Check your tax code online to make sure it includes the State Pension or company benefit. If they\u2019re not included, update your details in the tax code online service or by contacting HMRC.

    ", + "

    The emergency tax code will stay in place until the end of the tax year. This means you\u2019ll pay the right amount of tax for the current tax year. In the new tax year HMRC will put you on a regular tax code.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC about a change in income

    ", + "

    In most cases, HMRC will automatically update your tax code when your income changes, for example if you start a new job, start getting a pension or receive benefits or work expenses. They\u2019ll usually get this information from your employer.

    ", + "

    If HMRC has the wrong information about your income, you may be given an incorrect tax code.

    ", + "

    To correct your tax code, make sure HMRC has up-to-date details about your income.

    ", + "

    Check what you need to do if you\u2019re on an emergency tax code.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC about a change

    ", + "

    You can report a change in your income by either:

    ", + "
  • using the online check your Income Tax service
    • ", + "
  • contacting HMRC
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re contacting HMRC on someone else\u2019s behalf

    ", + "

    If you need to tell HMRC about a change in someone else\u2019s income (for example, because you\u2019re their accountant) fill in a PAYE Coding Notice query form.

    ", + "

    After you report your change

    ", + "

    HMRC will contact you if they change your tax code.\nThey will also tell your employer or pension provider that your tax code has changed.

    ", + "

    Your next payslip should show:

    ", + "
  • your new tax code
    • ", + "
  • adjustments to your pay if you were paying the wrong amount of tax
    • ", + "

    Get a tax refund or pay the tax you owe

    ", + "

    If HMRC update your tax code and you\u2019ve paid too much or too little tax, HMRC will send you a P800 or a Simple Assessment tax calculation. This will enable you to get a refund or pay what you owe.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-company-benefits": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-company-benefits", + "title": "Tax on company benefits", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAs an employee, you pay tax on company benefits like cars, accommodation and loans.\n\nYour employer takes the tax you owe from your wages through Pay As You Earn (PAYE).\n\nThe amount you pay depends on what kind of benefits you get and their value, which your employer works out.\n\nCheck your Income Tax to see how company benefits affect the tax you pay.\n\nSome company benefits can be tax-free, like childcare and canteen meals.\n\nYou have to pay tax and National Insurance on things that are paid in cash, as they\u2019re treated as earnings.\n\n## Tax on company cars\n\nYou\u2019ll pay tax if you or your family use a company car privately, including for commuting.\n\nYou pay tax on the value to you of the company car, which depends on things like how much it would cost to buy and the type of fuel it uses.\n\nThis value of the car is reduced if:\n\n- you have it part-time\n\n- you pay something towards its cost\n\n- it has low CO2 emissions\n\nIf your employer pays for fuel you use for personal journeys, you\u2019ll pay tax on this separately.\n\n## If you drive a hybrid\n\nIf your company car has CO2 emissions of 1 to 50g/km, the value of the car is based on its zero emission mileage figure, or \u2018electric range\u2019. This is the distance the car can go on electric power before its batteries need recharging.\n\nContact your employer to find out your car\u2019s zero emission mileage figure.\n\n## Check or update your company car tax\n\nTell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your car or fuel details change. You can check or update your company car tax online, for example if:\n\n- you get a company car or give one back\n\n- your employer starts or stops paying for fuel for you to use personally\n\nIf a change affects the value of the car, HMRC will update your tax code so you pay the right tax.\n\n## Estimating the tax you\u2019ll pay\n\nYou can see how much tax you might pay with HMRC\u2019s company car and fuel benefit calculator.\n\nThis calculator may not work in all browsers. Find out how to update or change your browser.\n\n## Other company benefits you'll pay tax on\n\nYou pay tax on the value of the benefit to you, which your employer works out.\n\nCheck your Income Tax to see how company benefits affect the tax you pay.\n\n## Medical insurance\n\nYou usually pay tax on the cost of the insurance premiums if your employer pays for your medical insurance.\n\nCheck how your employer works out how much tax to deduct from your pay.\n\nYou can get some tax-free health benefits from your employer, including:\n\n- medical insurance when you\u2019re working abroad\n\n- annual check-ups\n\nCheck and report changes to medical insurance paid for by your employer.\n\n## Loans\n\nYou\u2019ll pay tax on low-interest or interest-free loans from your employer if they\u2019re worth more than \u00a310,000.\n\nYou pay tax on the difference between the interest rate you pay to your employer and the official rate of interest set by the Bank of England.\n\nYou may pay tax if your employer lends money to one of your relatives.\n\nCheck how your employer works out how much tax to deduct from your pay.\n\n## Living accommodation\n\nIf you (or one of your relatives) is living in accommodation provided by your employer you may pay tax.\n\nHow the tax is worked out depends on whether the accommodation cost more than \u00a375,000.\n\nCheck how your employer works out how much tax to deduct from your pay.\n\nYou may not pay tax if you get the accommodation so you can do your job, or do your job better, for example agricultural workers living on farms.\n\n## Help with your Self Assessment\n\nUse the living accommodation helpsheet if you need help with the \u2018Employment\u2019 section of your Self Assessment tax return.\n\n## Tax-free company benefits\n\nYou can get some company benefits tax free, including:\n\n- meals in a staff canteen\n\n- hot drinks and water at work\n\n- a mobile phone\n\n- workplace parking\n\nChristmas parties can also be tax free if they cost \u00a3150 or less per head and are open to all employees.\n\nYour employer might provide tax free childcare support, including childcare vouchers.\n\n## National Insurance on company benefits\n\nYou do not usually have to pay National Insurance on benefits you get from your job.\n\nYour employer will pay National Insurance contributions on them instead.\n\nBut you do have to pay National Insurance on things that are paid in cash, as they\u2019re treated as earnings.\n\nFor example, if your employer gives you a gift that you could sell instead of keep, you will pay National Insurance on the value of the gift.\n\n## Keeping records and reporting changes\n\nAt the end of each tax year, your employer will give you details of the company benefits they\u2019ve told HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about.\n\nThey might give you a copy of your P11D form, if they sent one to HMRC.\n\nYou must keep these details for 2 years after the tax year they relate to.\n\n## Tell HMRC about starting or stopping company benefits\n\nYou must tell HMRC about any benefits you or your family start or stop getting from work - even if your employer has already taken Income Tax and National Insurance for them.\n\nYou should only tell HMRC that you\u2019ve got a company car once you\u2019ve started using it.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    As an employee, you pay tax on company benefits like cars, accommodation and loans.

    ", + "

    Your employer takes the tax you owe from your wages through Pay As You Earn (PAYE).

    ", + "

    The amount you pay depends on what kind of benefits you get and their value, which your employer works out.

    ", + "

    Check your Income Tax to see how company benefits affect the tax you pay.

    ", + "

    Some company benefits can be tax-free, like childcare and canteen meals.

    ", + "

    You have to pay tax and National Insurance on things that are paid in cash, as they\u2019re treated as earnings.

    ", + "

    Tax on company cars

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay tax if you or your family use a company car privately, including for commuting.

    ", + "

    You pay tax on the value to you of the company car, which depends on things like how much it would cost to buy and the type of fuel it uses.

    ", + "

    This value of the car is reduced if:

    ", + "
  • you have it part-time
    • ", + "
  • you pay something towards its cost
    • ", + "
  • it has low CO2 emissions
    • ", + "

    If your employer pays for fuel you use for personal journeys, you\u2019ll pay tax on this separately.

    ", + "

    If you drive a hybrid

    ", + "

    If your company car has CO2 emissions of 1 to 50g/km, the value of the car is based on its zero emission mileage figure, or \u2018electric range\u2019. This is the distance the car can go on electric power before its batteries need recharging.

    ", + "

    Contact your employer to find out your car\u2019s zero emission mileage figure.

    ", + "

    Check or update your company car tax

    ", + "

    Tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your car or fuel details change. You can check or update your company car tax online, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you get a company car or give one back
    • ", + "
  • your employer starts or stops paying for fuel for you to use personally
    • ", + "

    If a change affects the value of the car, HMRC will update your tax code so you pay the right tax.

    ", + "

    Estimating the tax you\u2019ll pay

    ", + "

    You can see how much tax you might pay with HMRC\u2019s company car and fuel benefit calculator.

    ", + "

    This calculator may not work in all browsers. Find out how to update or change your browser.

    ", + "

    Other company benefits you'll pay tax on

    ", + "

    You pay tax on the value of the benefit to you, which your employer works out.

    ", + "

    Check your Income Tax to see how company benefits affect the tax you pay.

    ", + "

    Medical insurance

    ", + "

    You usually pay tax on the cost of the insurance premiums if your employer pays for your medical insurance.

    ", + "

    Check how your employer works out how much tax to deduct from your pay.

    ", + "

    You can get some tax-free health benefits from your employer, including:

    ", + "
  • medical insurance when you\u2019re working abroad
    • ", + "
  • annual check-ups
    • ", + "

    Check and report changes to medical insurance paid for by your employer.

    ", + "

    Loans

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay tax on low-interest or interest-free loans from your employer if they\u2019re worth more than \u00a310,000.

    ", + "

    You pay tax on the difference between the interest rate you pay to your employer and the official rate of interest set by the Bank of England.

    ", + "

    You may pay tax if your employer lends money to one of your relatives.

    ", + "

    Check how your employer works out how much tax to deduct from your pay.

    ", + "

    Living accommodation

    ", + "

    If you (or one of your relatives) is living in accommodation provided by your employer you may pay tax.

    ", + "

    How the tax is worked out depends on whether the accommodation cost more than \u00a375,000.

    ", + "

    Check how your employer works out how much tax to deduct from your pay.

    ", + "

    You may not pay tax if you get the accommodation so you can do your job, or do your job better, for example agricultural workers living on farms.

    ", + "

    Help with your Self Assessment

    ", + "

    Use the living accommodation helpsheet if you need help with the \u2018Employment\u2019 section of your Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    Tax-free company benefits

    ", + "

    You can get some company benefits tax free, including:

    ", + "
  • meals in a staff canteen
    • ", + "
  • hot drinks and water at work
    • ", + "
  • a mobile phone
    • ", + "
  • workplace parking
    • ", + "

    Christmas parties can also be tax free if they cost \u00a3150 or less per head and are open to all employees.

    ", + "

    Your employer might provide tax free childcare support, including childcare vouchers.

    ", + "

    National Insurance on company benefits

    ", + "

    You do not usually have to pay National Insurance on benefits you get from your job.

    ", + "

    Your employer will pay National Insurance contributions on them instead.

    ", + "

    But you do have to pay National Insurance on things that are paid in cash, as they\u2019re treated as earnings.

    ", + "

    For example, if your employer gives you a gift that you could sell instead of keep, you will pay National Insurance on the value of the gift.

    ", + "

    Keeping records and reporting changes

    ", + "

    At the end of each tax year, your employer will give you details of the company benefits they\u2019ve told HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about.

    ", + "

    They might give you a copy of your P11D form, if they sent one to HMRC.

    ", + "

    You must keep these details for 2 years after the tax year they relate to.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC about starting or stopping company benefits

    ", + "

    You must tell HMRC about any benefits you or your family start or stop getting from work - even if your employer has already taken Income Tax and National Insurance for them.

    ", + "

    You should only tell HMRC that you\u2019ve got a company car once you\u2019ve started using it.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-foreign-income": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-foreign-income", + "title": "Tax on foreign income", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may need to pay UK Income Tax on your foreign income, such as:\n\n- wages if you work abroad\n\n- foreign investment income, for example dividends and savings interest\n\n- rental income on overseas property\n\n- income from pensions held overseas\n\nForeign income is anything from outside England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are classed as foreign.\n\n## Working out if you need to pay\n\nWhether you need to pay depends on if you\u2019re classed as \u2018resident\u2019 in the UK for tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re not UK resident, you will not have to pay UK tax on your foreign income.\n\nIf you\u2019re UK resident, you\u2019ll normally pay tax on your foreign income. But you may not have to if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Reporting foreign income\n\nIf you need to pay tax, you usually report your foreign income in a Self Assessment tax return. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.\n\n## If your income is taxed in more than one country\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief if you\u2019re taxed in more than one country.\n\nIf you\u2019ve not yet paid tax on the foreign income, you may need to apply for a certificate of residence to prove you\u2019re eligible for relief.\n\n## UK residence and tax\n\nYour UK residence status affects whether you need to pay tax in the UK on your foreign income.\n\nNon-residents only pay tax on their UK income - they do not pay UK tax on their foreign income.\n\nResidents normally pay UK tax on all their income, whether it\u2019s from the UK or abroad. But there are special rules for UK residents whose permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Work out your residence status\n\nWhether you\u2019re UK resident usually depends on how many days you spend in the UK in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).\n\nYou\u2019re automatically resident if either:\n\n- you spent 183 or more days in the UK in the tax year\n\n- your only home was in the UK - you must have owned, rented or lived in it for at least 91 days in total - and you spent at least 30 days there in the tax year\n\nYou\u2019re automatically non-resident if either:\n\n- you spent fewer than 16 days in the UK (or 46 days if you have not been classed as UK resident for the 3 previous tax years)\n\n- you work abroad full-time (averaging at least 35 hours a week) and spent fewer than 91 days in the UK, of which no more than 30 were spent working\n\n## Get help\n\nIf your situation\u2019s more complicated or you need to confirm your status, you can:\n\n- read HMRC\u2019s guidance on the Statutory Residence Test\n\n- get professional tax help\n\n## Your residence status when you move\n\nWhen you move in or out of the UK, the tax year is usually split into 2 - a non-resident part and a resident part. This means you only pay UK tax on foreign income based on the time you were living here.\n\nThis is called \u2018split-year treatment\u2019.\n\nYou will not get split-year treatment if you live abroad for less than a full tax year before returning to the UK. You also need to meet other conditions.\n\nTo find out if you qualify and see which split-year treatment \u2018case\u2019 you\u2019ll need to mention on your Self Assessment tax return, you can:\n\n- read chapter 5 of HMRC\u2019s guidance note on the Statutory Residence Test\n\n- contact HMRC\n\n## If your situation changes\n\nYour status can change from one tax year to the next. Check your status if your situation changes, for example:\n\n- you spend more or less time in the UK\n\n- you buy or sell a home in the UK\n\n- you change your job\n\n- your family moves in or out of the UK, or you get married, separate or have children\n\n## Residence and capital gains\n\nYou work out your residence status for capital gains (for example, when you sell shares or a second home) the same way as you do for income.\n\nUK residents have to pay tax on their UK and foreign gains. Non-residents have to pay tax on income, but only pay Capital Gains Tax either:\n\n- on UK property or land\n\n- if they return to the UK\n\n## Residence before April 2013\n\nThere were different rules for working out your residence status before 6 April 2013.\n\n## 'Non-domiciled' residents\n\nUK residents who have their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) outside the UK may not have to pay UK tax on foreign income.\n\nThe same rules apply if you make any foreign capital gains, for example you sell shares or a second home.\n\n## Working out your domicile\n\nYour domicile\u2019s usually the country your father considered his permanent home when you were born. It may have changed if you moved abroad and you do not intend to return.\n\nIf you need help working out which country you\u2019re domiciled in, you can:\n\n- read chapter 5 of HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019\n\n- get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser\n\nThere are additional rules for domicile and Inheritance Tax.\n\n## Tax if you\u2019re non-domiciled\n\nYou do not pay UK tax on your foreign income or gains if both the following apply:\n\n- they\u2019re less than \u00a32,000 in the tax year\n\n- you do not bring them into the UK, for example by transferring them to a UK bank account\n\nIf this applies to you, you do not need to do anything.\n\nChapter 9 in HMRC\u2019s guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019 explains the rules for bringing income or gains to the UK.\n\n## If your income is \u00a32,000 or more\n\nYou must report foreign income or gains of \u00a32,000 or more, or any money that you bring to the UK, in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- pay UK tax on them - you may be able to claim it back\n\n- claim the \u2018remittance basis\u2019\n\nClaiming the remittance basis means you only pay UK tax on the income or gains you bring to the UK, but you:\n\n- lose tax-free allowances for Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax (some \u2018dual residents\u2019 may keep them)\n\n- pay an annual charge if you\u2019ve been resident of the UK for a certain amount of time\n\nYou pay an annual charge of either:\n\n- \u00a330,000 if you\u2019ve been here for at least 7 of the previous 9 tax years\n\n- \u00a360,000 for at least 12 of the previous 14 tax years\n\nClaiming the remittance basis is complicated. You can:\n\n- contact HMRC\n\n- get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser\n\n## If you work in the UK and abroad\n\nThere are special rules if you work both in the UK and abroad.\n\nYou do not have to pay tax on foreign income or gains (even those you bring into the UK) if you get the \u2018foreign workers\u2019 exemption\u2019.\n\nYou qualify if:\n\n- your income from your overseas job is less than \u00a310,000\n\n- your other foreign income (such as bank interest) is less than \u00a3100\n\n- all your foreign income has been subject to foreign tax (even if you did not have to pay, for example because of a tax-free allowance)\n\n- your combined UK and foreign income is within the band for basic rate Income Tax\n\n- you do not need to fill in a tax return for any other reason\n\nIf you qualify, you do not need to do anything to claim.\n\n## If you\u2019re seconded to the UK\n\nYou may be able to claim Overseas Workday Relief if your employer sends you to work in the UK on secondment.\n\nIf you qualify you:\n\n- pay UK tax on UK employment income based on the number of days you\u2019ve worked here\n\n- do not pay tax on income from days you work abroad (as long as you do not bring it into the UK)\n\nAsk your employer to find out if you can claim.\n\n## Foreign students\n\nThere are special rules if you come to study in the UK.\n\n## Reporting your foreign income\n\nYou usually need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a UK resident with foreign income or capital gains. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.\n\nYou do not need to fill in a tax return if all the following apply:\n\n- your only foreign income is dividends\n\n- your total dividends - including UK dividends - are less than the \u00a32,000 dividend allowance\n\n- you have no other income to report\n\nDifferent rules may apply if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Register for Self Assessment\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.\n\nRegister now\n\n## Filling in your tax return\n\nUse the \u2018foreign\u2019 section of the tax return to record your overseas income or gains.\n\nInclude income that\u2019s already been taxed abroad to get Foreign Tax Credit Relief, if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nHMRC has guidance on how to report your foreign income or gains in your tax return in \u2018Foreign notes\u2019.\n\n## Foreign income that's taxed differently\n\nMost foreign income is taxed in the same way as UK income, but there are special rules for:\n\n- pensions\n\n- rent from property\n\n- certain types of employment income\n\n## Pensions\n\nYou have to pay tax on pensions if you\u2019re resident, or were resident in any of the 5 previous tax years.\n\nYou also pay tax on any foreign pension payments, including unauthorised payments like early payments and some lump sums.\n\nCheck with your pension provider to find out how you\u2019ll be taxed.\n\n## Rent from property\n\nYou pay tax in the normal way on overseas property. But if you rent out more than one, you can offset losses against other overseas properties.\n\n## Certain types of employment income\n\nYou usually pay tax in the normal way if you work both in the UK and abroad. There are special rules if you work:\n\n- on a ship or in the offshore gas or oil industry\n\n- for the EU or government, or as a volunteer development worker\n\n## If you're taxed twice\n\nYou may be taxed on your foreign income by the UK and by the country where your income is from.\n\nYou can usually claim tax relief to get some or all of this tax back. How you claim depends on whether your foreign income has already been taxed.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to claim relief if you\u2019re a non-resident with UK income.\n\n## Apply for tax relief before you get taxed on foreign income\n\nYou have to apply for tax relief in the country your income\u2019s from if:\n\n- the income is exempt from foreign tax but is taxed in the UK (for example, most pensions)\n\n- required by that country\u2019s double-taxation agreement\n\nAsk the foreign tax authority for a form, or apply by letter if they do not have one.\n\nBefore you apply, you must prove you\u2019re eligible for tax relief by either:\n\n- completing the form and sending it to HMRC - they\u2019ll confirm whether you\u2019re resident and send the form back to you\n\n- including a UK certificate of residence, if you\u2019re applying by letter\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got proof, send the form or letter to the foreign tax authority.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already paid tax on your foreign income\n\nYou can usually claim Foreign Tax Credit Relief when you report your overseas income in your tax return.\n\nHow much relief you get depends on the UK\u2019s \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 with the country your income\u2019s from.\n\nYou usually still get relief even if there is not an agreement, unless the foreign tax does not correspond to UK Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or a get professional tax help if you\u2019re not sure, or need help with double-taxation relief.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get back\n\nYou may not get back the full amount of foreign tax you paid. You get back less if either:\n\n- a smaller amount is set by the country\u2019s double-taxation agreement\n\n- the income would have been taxed at a lower rate in the UK\n\nHMRC has guidance on how Foreign Tax Credit Relief is calculated, including the special rules for interest and dividends in \u2018Foreign notes\u2019.\n\nYou cannot claim this relief if the UK\u2019s double-taxation agreement requires you to claim tax back from the country your income was from.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll usually pay tax in the country where you\u2019re resident and be exempt from tax in the country where you make the capital gain. You will not usually need to make a claim.\n\nYou have to pay Capital Gains Tax on UK residential property even if you\u2019re not UK resident.\n\n## When to claim relief\n\nThere are different rules if your gain comes from an asset that either:\n\n- cannot be taken out of the country, such as land or a house\n\n- you\u2019re using for business in that country\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay tax in both countries and get relief from the UK.\n\n## Dual residents\n\nYou can be resident in both the UK and another country. You\u2019ll need to check the other country\u2019s residence rules and when the tax year starts and ends.\n\nHMRC has guidance for claiming double-taxation relief if you\u2019re dual resident.\n\n## If you come to study in the UK\n\nForeign students usually do not pay UK tax on foreign income or gains, as long as they\u2019re used for course fees or living costs like:\n\n- food\n\n- rent\n\n- bills\n\n- study materials\n\nCheck that the country your income\u2019s from has a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 that covers students.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may ask you to account for your living costs if they\u2019re more than \u00a315,000 in a tax year (excluding course fees). The tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## When you need to pay tax\n\nYou may need to pay tax on your foreign income in the normal way if you:\n\n- are from a country without a double-taxation agreement for students\n\n- have other income that you do not bring to the UK\n\n- bring it to the UK and spend it on things other than living costs and course fees\n\n- plan to stay in the UK as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019)\n\n## If you work in the UK\n\nSome double-taxation agreements mean you do not pay UK tax on your income if you work while you\u2019re a student.\n\nIf your country does not have an agreement like this, you have to pay tax in the same way as others who come to live in the UK.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may need to pay UK Income Tax on your foreign income, such as:

    ", + "
  • wages if you work abroad
    • ", + "
  • foreign investment income, for example dividends and savings interest
    • ", + "
  • rental income on overseas property
    • ", + "
  • income from pensions held overseas
    • ", + "

    Foreign income is anything from outside England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are classed as foreign.

    ", + "

    Working out if you need to pay

    ", + "

    Whether you need to pay depends on if you\u2019re classed as \u2018resident\u2019 in the UK for tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not UK resident, you will not have to pay UK tax on your foreign income.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re UK resident, you\u2019ll normally pay tax on your foreign income. But you may not have to if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.

    ", + "

    Reporting foreign income

    ", + "

    If you need to pay tax, you usually report your foreign income in a Self Assessment tax return. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.

    ", + "

    If your income is taxed in more than one country

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief if you\u2019re taxed in more than one country.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not yet paid tax on the foreign income, you may need to apply for a certificate of residence to prove you\u2019re eligible for relief.

    ", + "

    UK residence and tax

    ", + "

    Your UK residence status affects whether you need to pay tax in the UK on your foreign income.

    ", + "

    Non-residents only pay tax on their UK income - they do not pay UK tax on their foreign income.

    ", + "

    Residents normally pay UK tax on all their income, whether it\u2019s from the UK or abroad. But there are special rules for UK residents whose permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.

    ", + "

    Work out your residence status

    ", + "

    Whether you\u2019re UK resident usually depends on how many days you spend in the UK in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).

    ", + "

    You\u2019re automatically resident if either:

    ", + "
  • you spent 183 or more days in the UK in the tax year
    • ", + "
  • your only home was in the UK - you must have owned, rented or lived in it for at least 91 days in total - and you spent at least 30 days there in the tax year
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re automatically non-resident if either:

    ", + "
  • you spent fewer than 16 days in the UK (or 46 days if you have not been classed as UK resident for the 3 previous tax years)
    • ", + "
  • you work abroad full-time (averaging at least 35 hours a week) and spent fewer than 91 days in the UK, of which no more than 30 were spent working
    • ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    If your situation\u2019s more complicated or you need to confirm your status, you can:

    ", + "
  • read HMRC\u2019s guidance on the Statutory Residence Test
    • ", + "
  • get professional tax help
    • ", + "

    Your residence status when you move

    ", + "

    When you move in or out of the UK, the tax year is usually split into 2 - a non-resident part and a resident part. This means you only pay UK tax on foreign income based on the time you were living here.

    ", + "

    This is called \u2018split-year treatment\u2019.

    ", + "

    You will not get split-year treatment if you live abroad for less than a full tax year before returning to the UK. You also need to meet other conditions.

    ", + "

    To find out if you qualify and see which split-year treatment \u2018case\u2019 you\u2019ll need to mention on your Self Assessment tax return, you can:

    ", + "
  • read chapter 5 of HMRC\u2019s guidance note on the Statutory Residence Test
    • ", + "
  • contact HMRC
    • ", + "

    If your situation changes

    ", + "

    Your status can change from one tax year to the next. Check your status if your situation changes, for example:

    ", + "
  • you spend more or less time in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you buy or sell a home in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you change your job
    • ", + "
  • your family moves in or out of the UK, or you get married, separate or have children
    • ", + "

    Residence and capital gains

    ", + "

    You work out your residence status for capital gains (for example, when you sell shares or a second home) the same way as you do for income.

    ", + "

    UK residents have to pay tax on their UK and foreign gains. Non-residents have to pay tax on income, but only pay Capital Gains Tax either:

    ", + "
  • on UK property or land
    • ", + "
  • if they return to the UK
    • ", + "

    Residence before April 2013

    ", + "

    There were different rules for working out your residence status before 6 April 2013.

    ", + "

    'Non-domiciled' residents

    ", + "

    UK residents who have their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) outside the UK may not have to pay UK tax on foreign income.

    ", + "

    The same rules apply if you make any foreign capital gains, for example you sell shares or a second home.

    ", + "

    Working out your domicile

    ", + "

    Your domicile\u2019s usually the country your father considered his permanent home when you were born. It may have changed if you moved abroad and you do not intend to return.

    ", + "

    If you need help working out which country you\u2019re domiciled in, you can:

    ", + "
  • read chapter 5 of HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019
    • ", + "
  • get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser
    • ", + "

    There are additional rules for domicile and Inheritance Tax.

    ", + "

    Tax if you\u2019re non-domiciled

    ", + "

    You do not pay UK tax on your foreign income or gains if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re less than \u00a32,000 in the tax year
    • ", + "
  • you do not bring them into the UK, for example by transferring them to a UK bank account
    • ", + "

    If this applies to you, you do not need to do anything.

    ", + "

    Chapter 9 in HMRC\u2019s guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019 explains the rules for bringing income or gains to the UK.

    ", + "

    If your income is \u00a32,000 or more

    ", + "

    You must report foreign income or gains of \u00a32,000 or more, or any money that you bring to the UK, in a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • pay UK tax on them - you may be able to claim it back
    • ", + "
  • claim the \u2018remittance basis\u2019
    • ", + "

    Claiming the remittance basis means you only pay UK tax on the income or gains you bring to the UK, but you:

    ", + "
  • lose tax-free allowances for Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax (some \u2018dual residents\u2019 may keep them)
    • ", + "
  • pay an annual charge if you\u2019ve been resident of the UK for a certain amount of time
    • ", + "

    You pay an annual charge of either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a330,000 if you\u2019ve been here for at least 7 of the previous 9 tax years
    • ", + "
  • \u00a360,000 for at least 12 of the previous 14 tax years
    • ", + "

    Claiming the remittance basis is complicated. You can:

    ", + "
  • contact HMRC
    • ", + "
  • get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser
    • ", + "

    If you work in the UK and abroad

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you work both in the UK and abroad.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay tax on foreign income or gains (even those you bring into the UK) if you get the \u2018foreign workers\u2019 exemption\u2019.

    ", + "

    You qualify if:

    ", + "
  • your income from your overseas job is less than \u00a310,000
    • ", + "
  • your other foreign income (such as bank interest) is less than \u00a3100
    • ", + "
  • all your foreign income has been subject to foreign tax (even if you did not have to pay, for example because of a tax-free allowance)
    • ", + "
  • your combined UK and foreign income is within the band for basic rate Income Tax
    • ", + "
  • you do not need to fill in a tax return for any other reason
    • ", + "

    If you qualify, you do not need to do anything to claim.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re seconded to the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim Overseas Workday Relief if your employer sends you to work in the UK on secondment.

    ", + "

    If you qualify you:

    ", + "
  • pay UK tax on UK employment income based on the number of days you\u2019ve worked here
    • ", + "
  • do not pay tax on income from days you work abroad (as long as you do not bring it into the UK)
    • ", + "

    Ask your employer to find out if you can claim.

    ", + "

    Foreign students

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you come to study in the UK.

    ", + "

    Reporting your foreign income

    ", + "

    You usually need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a UK resident with foreign income or capital gains. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.

    ", + "

    You do not need to fill in a tax return if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your only foreign income is dividends
    • ", + "
  • your total dividends - including UK dividends - are less than the \u00a32,000 dividend allowance
    • ", + "
  • you have no other income to report
    • ", + "

    Different rules may apply if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.

    ", + "

    Register for Self Assessment

    ", + "

    If you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.

    ", + "

    Register now

    ", + "

    Filling in your tax return

    ", + "

    Use the \u2018foreign\u2019 section of the tax return to record your overseas income or gains.

    ", + "

    Include income that\u2019s already been taxed abroad to get Foreign Tax Credit Relief, if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance on how to report your foreign income or gains in your tax return in \u2018Foreign notes\u2019.

    ", + "

    Foreign income that's taxed differently

    ", + "

    Most foreign income is taxed in the same way as UK income, but there are special rules for:

    ", + "
  • pensions
    • ", + "
  • rent from property
    • ", + "
  • certain types of employment income
    • ", + "

    Pensions

    ", + "

    You have to pay tax on pensions if you\u2019re resident, or were resident in any of the 5 previous tax years.

    ", + "

    You also pay tax on any foreign pension payments, including unauthorised payments like early payments and some lump sums.

    ", + "

    Check with your pension provider to find out how you\u2019ll be taxed.

    ", + "

    Rent from property

    ", + "

    You pay tax in the normal way on overseas property. But if you rent out more than one, you can offset losses against other overseas properties.

    ", + "

    Certain types of employment income

    ", + "

    You usually pay tax in the normal way if you work both in the UK and abroad. There are special rules if you work:

    ", + "
  • on a ship or in the offshore gas or oil industry
    • ", + "
  • for the EU or government, or as a volunteer development worker
    • ", + "

    If you're taxed twice

    ", + "

    You may be taxed on your foreign income by the UK and by the country where your income is from.

    ", + "

    You can usually claim tax relief to get some or all of this tax back. How you claim depends on whether your foreign income has already been taxed.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to claim relief if you\u2019re a non-resident with UK income.

    ", + "

    Apply for tax relief before you get taxed on foreign income

    ", + "

    You have to apply for tax relief in the country your income\u2019s from if:

    ", + "
  • the income is exempt from foreign tax but is taxed in the UK (for example, most pensions)
    • ", + "
  • required by that country\u2019s double-taxation agreement
    • ", + "

    Ask the foreign tax authority for a form, or apply by letter if they do not have one.

    ", + "

    Before you apply, you must prove you\u2019re eligible for tax relief by either:

    ", + "
  • completing the form and sending it to HMRC - they\u2019ll confirm whether you\u2019re resident and send the form back to you
    • ", + "
  • including a UK certificate of residence, if you\u2019re applying by letter
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got proof, send the form or letter to the foreign tax authority.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already paid tax on your foreign income

    ", + "

    You can usually claim Foreign Tax Credit Relief when you report your overseas income in your tax return.

    ", + "

    How much relief you get depends on the UK\u2019s \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 with the country your income\u2019s from.

    ", + "

    You usually still get relief even if there is not an agreement, unless the foreign tax does not correspond to UK Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or a get professional tax help if you\u2019re not sure, or need help with double-taxation relief.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll get back

    ", + "

    You may not get back the full amount of foreign tax you paid. You get back less if either:

    ", + "
  • a smaller amount is set by the country\u2019s double-taxation agreement
    • ", + "
  • the income would have been taxed at a lower rate in the UK
    • ", + "

    HMRC has guidance on how Foreign Tax Credit Relief is calculated, including the special rules for interest and dividends in \u2018Foreign notes\u2019.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim this relief if the UK\u2019s double-taxation agreement requires you to claim tax back from the country your income was from.

    ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually pay tax in the country where you\u2019re resident and be exempt from tax in the country where you make the capital gain. You will not usually need to make a claim.

    ", + "

    You have to pay Capital Gains Tax on UK residential property even if you\u2019re not UK resident.

    ", + "

    When to claim relief

    ", + "

    There are different rules if your gain comes from an asset that either:

    ", + "
  • cannot be taken out of the country, such as land or a house
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re using for business in that country
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay tax in both countries and get relief from the UK.

    ", + "

    Dual residents

    ", + "

    You can be resident in both the UK and another country. You\u2019ll need to check the other country\u2019s residence rules and when the tax year starts and ends.

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance for claiming double-taxation relief if you\u2019re dual resident.

    ", + "

    If you come to study in the UK

    ", + "

    Foreign students usually do not pay UK tax on foreign income or gains, as long as they\u2019re used for course fees or living costs like:

    ", + "
  • food
    • ", + "
  • rent
    • ", + "
  • bills
    • ", + "
  • study materials
    • ", + "

    Check that the country your income\u2019s from has a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 that covers students.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may ask you to account for your living costs if they\u2019re more than \u00a315,000 in a tax year (excluding course fees). The tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.

    ", + "

    When you need to pay tax

    ", + "

    You may need to pay tax on your foreign income in the normal way if you:

    ", + "
  • are from a country without a double-taxation agreement for students
    • ", + "
  • have other income that you do not bring to the UK
    • ", + "
  • bring it to the UK and spend it on things other than living costs and course fees
    • ", + "
  • plan to stay in the UK as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you work in the UK

    ", + "

    Some double-taxation agreements mean you do not pay UK tax on your income if you work while you\u2019re a student.

    ", + "

    If your country does not have an agreement like this, you have to pay tax in the same way as others who come to live in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-uk-income-live-abroad": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-uk-income-live-abroad", + "title": "Tax on your UK income if you live abroad", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou usually have to pay tax on your UK income even if you\u2019re not a UK resident. Income includes things like:\n\n- pension\n\n- rental income\n\n- savings interest\n\n- wages\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for a Personal Allowance you pay Income Tax on your income above that amount. Otherwise, you pay tax on all your income.\n\nThe country where you live might tax you on your UK income. If it has a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK, you can claim tax relief in the UK to avoid being taxed twice.\n\nYou do not normally pay tax when you sell an asset, apart from on UK property or land.\n\n## When tax is not due or is already deducted\n\nNon-residents do not usually pay UK tax on:\n\n- the State Pension\n\n- interest from UK government securities (\u2018gilts\u2019)\n\nIf you live abroad and are employed in the UK, your tax is calculated automatically on the days you work in the UK.\n\nIncome Tax is no longer automatically taken from interest on savings and investments.\n\n## When to report your income to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\nYou usually have to send a Self Assessment tax return if:\n\n- you rent out property in the UK\n\n- you work for yourself in the UK\n\n- you have a pension outside the UK and you were UK resident in one of the 5 previous tax years\n\n- you have other untaxed income\n\nYou do not need to report your income to HMRC if you\u2019ve already claimed tax relief under a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019.\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-UK resident and were stuck in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nIf you could not leave the UK when you intended because of coronavirus, you will not have to pay UK tax on employment income that:\n\n- you earned between the dates you intended to leave and when you actually left\n\n- you paid tax on in your home country\n\nYou must file a Self Assessment tax return, together with a completed SA109 form. Use the \u2018other information\u2019 section of your SA109 to include:\n\n- the dates you were stuck in the UK because of coronavirus\n\n- what you earned in that time\n\n- confirmation you paid tax on these earnings in another country\n\nIf you\u2019re unsure how to file a Self Assessment return, you can get advice from a professional, like an accountant.\n\nHMRC may ask you for proof that you:\n\n- could not leave the UK when you intended, for example an NHS isolation note\n\n- paid tax in another country on what you earned while stuck in the UK\n\n- left the UK as soon as you reasonably could\n\nYou may have to pay tax in the UK if you cannot prove you were unable to leave the UK and did not leave as soon as you could.\n\n## Sending a Self Assessment tax return\n\nYou cannot use HMRC\u2019s online services to tell them about your income if you\u2019re non-resident. Instead, you must do one of the following:\n\n- fill in a Self Assessment tax return and an SA109 form and send by post\n\n- use commercial Self Assessment software that supports SA109 reporting (this may appear as a \u2018residence, remittance basis etc\u2019 section)\n\n- get a tax professional to report your UK income for you\n\nYou\u2019ll be fined if you miss the deadline - it\u2019s earlier if you\u2019re sending your return by post (31 October).\n\n## If you have overpaid\n\nApply for a refund if you think you\u2019ve paid too much tax. This might happen if tax is deducted automatically (for example by your bank) but your total UK income is below your Personal Allowance.\n\nSend form R43 to HMRC, or claim the refund in your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re already doing one.\n\nHMRC will usually send refunds by cheque. If you want HMRC to send a refund straight to your bank account, include your bank account number and sort code on your tax return. You need to include this information each time you complete a tax return.\n\nGet help from a professional (like an accountant) if you need advice.\n\n## Rental income\n\nYou need to pay tax on your rental income if you rent out a property in the UK.\n\nYou may also need to pay tax if you make a gain when you sell property or land in the UK.\n\nIf you live abroad for 6 months or more per year, you\u2019re classed as a \u2018non-resident landlord\u2019 by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - even if you\u2019re a UK resident for tax purposes.\n\n## How you pay tax\n\nYou can get your rent either:\n\n- in full and pay tax through Self Assessment - if HMRC allows you to do this\n\n- with tax already deducted by your letting agent or tenant\n\n## Get your rent in full\n\nIf you want to pay tax on your rental income through Self Assessment, fill in form NRL1i and send it back to HMRC.\n\nIf your application is approved, HMRC will tell your letting agent or tenant not to deduct tax from your rent and you\u2019ll need to declare your income in your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nHMRC will not approve your application if your taxes are not up to date, for example you\u2019re late with your tax returns or payments.\n\n## Get your rent with tax deducted\n\nYour letting agent or tenant will:\n\n- deduct basic rate tax from your rent (after allowing for any expenses they\u2019ve paid)\n\n- give you a certificate at the end of the tax year saying how much tax they\u2019ve deducted\n\nIf you do not have a letting agent and your tenant pays you more than \u00a3100 a week in rent, they\u2019ll deduct the tax from their rent payments to you.\n\n## Filling in your tax return\n\nYou need to declare your rental income in a Self Assessment tax return unless HMRC tells you not to.\n\nYou cannot use HMRC\u2019s online services. Instead, you need to:\n\n- send your tax return by post\n\n- use commercial software\n\n- get help from a professional, like an accountant\n\nYou need to complete the \u2018residence\u2019 section (form SA109 if you\u2019re sending it by post) and the \u2018property\u2019 section (form SA105).\n\nYou\u2019ll be fined if you miss the deadline - it\u2019s earlier if you\u2019re sending your return by post (31 October).\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid too much tax\n\nYou can ask for a refund if both:\n\n- your rental income is lower than your Personal Allowance\n\n- your letting agent (or tenant) already deducted basic rate tax on it\n\nFill in form R43 and send it back to HMRC.\n\nYou cannot ask for a refund if you\u2019re not eligible for a Personal Allowance.\n\n## Companies and trusts\n\nA company is a \u2018non-resident landlord\u2019 if it receives income from renting UK property and either:\n\n- its main office or business premises is outside the UK\n\n- it\u2019s incorporated outside the UK\n\nYour company will get its rent in full if it\u2019s resident in the UK for tax purposes - this includes UK branches of companies based abroad if they\u2019re registered for Corporation Tax.\n\nA trust is a \u2018non-resident landlord\u2019 if it receives income from renting UK property and all trustees usually live outside the UK.\n\n## Apply to get your rent in full\n\nCompanies should use form NRL2i to ask HMRC to get rental income in full. Trusts should use form NRL3i.\n\n## Selling or inheriting assets\n\nIf you\u2019re not a UK resident, you do not usually pay either:\n\n- Capital Gains Tax if you sell most assets in the UK\n\n- Inheritance Tax if you inherit assets located in the UK\n\n## When you might be taxed\n\nYou\u2019ll only have to pay Capital Gains Tax if:\n\n- you make a gain when you sell property or land in the UK\n\n- assets you sold were used in a UK branch of a foreign business\n\n- you used to be a UK resident and you return to the UK within 5 years of leaving\n\n## If you inherited the asset\n\nYou\u2019ll only have to pay Inheritance Tax if both:\n\n- you inherited property, money or shares in the UK\n\n- the deceased\u2019s estate does not have the money to pay the Inheritance Tax\n\nThe normal rules for paying Income Tax apply if you get income from something you\u2019ve inherited, for example rental income from a UK property.\n\nIf you\u2019re a non-resident and you inherit UK property or land you have to pay tax on any gains you make when you sell it. You do not pay tax if you inherit and sell other assets, for example UK shares.\n\n## Personal Allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll get a Personal Allowance of tax-free UK income each year if any of the following apply:\n\n- you hold a British passport\n\n- you\u2019re a citizen of a European Economic Area (EEA) country\n\n- you\u2019ve worked for the UK government at any time during that tax year\n\nYou might also get it if it\u2019s included in the double-taxation agreement between the UK and the country you live in.\n\n## Claim the Personal Allowance\n\nIf you\u2019re not a UK resident, you have to claim the Personal Allowance at the end of each tax year in which you have UK income. Send form R43 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n## If you're taxed twice\n\nYou may be taxed on your UK income by the country where you\u2019re resident and by the UK.\n\nYou may not have to pay twice if the country you\u2019re resident in has a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK. Depending on the agreement, you can apply for either:\n\n- partial or full relief before you\u2019ve been taxed\n\n- a refund after you\u2019ve been taxed\n\nEach double-taxation agreement sets out:\n\n- the country you pay tax in\n\n- the country you apply for relief in\n\n- how much tax relief you get\n\nIf the tax rates in the 2 countries are different, you\u2019ll pay the higher rate of tax. The tax year may start on different days in different countries.\n\nDouble taxation agreements do not apply to tax on gains from selling UK residential property.\n\n## What income you can claim for\n\nYou can claim for income including:\n\n- most pensions - most UK government (such as civil service) pensions are only taxed in the UK\n\n- wages and other pay (including self-employment)\n\n- bank interest\n\n- dividends - special rules apply, which HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) explain in section 10 of \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance Basis\u2019\n\n## How to claim tax relief\n\nCheck HMRC\u2019s \u2018Double-taxation digest\u2019 for countries that have an agreement with the UK, and how income like pensions and interest is taxed.\n\nYou need to look at the relevant tax treaty for the rules on other types of income like wages and rent.\n\n## Fill in a claim form\n\nUse the correct form depending on whether you\u2019re resident in:\n\n- Australia\n\n- Canada\n\n- France\n\n- Germany\n\n- Ireland\n\n- Japan\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Netherlands\n\n- South Africa\n\n- Spain\n\n- Sweden\n\n- Switzerland\n\n- United States of America\n\nIf you\u2019re resident somewhere else, use HMRC\u2019s standard claim form.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve filled in the form, send it to the tax authority in the country where you\u2019re resident. They\u2019ll confirm your eligibility and either send the form to HMRC or return it to you to send on (use the address on the form).\n\nThere\u2019s a different form for individuals and companies claiming a refund on dividends paid by UK Real Estate Investment Trusts.\n\n## If you need help\n\nFor help claiming double-taxation relief, you can:\n\n- get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser\n\n- contact HMRC\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a gain on UK property or land. You do not pay it on other UK assets, such as UK shares. You will not usually need to make a claim for assets you do not pay tax on - but you should check the relevant double taxation agreement.\n\nIf you return to the UK after being non-resident, you may have to pay tax on any assets you owned before you left the UK - even if you\u2019ve paid tax on any gains in the country you moved to. You can usually claim double-taxation relief.\n\n## Dual residents\n\nYou can be resident in both the UK and another country (\u2018dual resident\u2019). You\u2019ll need to check the other country\u2019s residence rules and when the tax year starts and ends.\n\nHMRC has guidance for how to claim double-taxation relief if you\u2019re a dual resident.\n\n## If you're a UK resident\n\nYou can live abroad and still be a UK resident for tax, for example if you visit the UK for more than 183 days in a tax year.\n\nPay tax on your income and profits from selling assets (such as shares) in the normal way.\n\nYou usually have to pay tax on your income from outside the UK as well.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You usually have to pay tax on your UK income even if you\u2019re not a UK resident. Income includes things like:

    ", + "
  • pension
    • ", + "
  • rental income
    • ", + "
  • savings interest
    • ", + "
  • wages
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for a Personal Allowance you pay Income Tax on your income above that amount. Otherwise, you pay tax on all your income.

    ", + "

    The country where you live might tax you on your UK income. If it has a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK, you can claim tax relief in the UK to avoid being taxed twice.

    ", + "

    You do not normally pay tax when you sell an asset, apart from on UK property or land.

    ", + "

    When tax is not due or is already deducted

    ", + "

    Non-residents do not usually pay UK tax on:

    ", + "
  • the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • interest from UK government securities (\u2018gilts\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If you live abroad and are employed in the UK, your tax is calculated automatically on the days you work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Income Tax is no longer automatically taken from interest on savings and investments.

    ", + "

    When to report your income to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)

    ", + "

    You usually have to send a Self Assessment tax return if:

    ", + "
  • you rent out property in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you work for yourself in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have a pension outside the UK and you were UK resident in one of the 5 previous tax years
    • ", + "
  • you have other untaxed income
    • ", + "

    You do not need to report your income to HMRC if you\u2019ve already claimed tax relief under a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a non-UK resident and were stuck in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    If you could not leave the UK when you intended because of coronavirus, you will not have to pay UK tax on employment income that:

    ", + "
  • you earned between the dates you intended to leave and when you actually left
    • ", + "
  • you paid tax on in your home country
    • ", + "

    You must file a Self Assessment tax return, together with a completed SA109 form. Use the \u2018other information\u2019 section of your SA109 to include:

    ", + "
  • the dates you were stuck in the UK because of coronavirus
    • ", + "
  • what you earned in that time
    • ", + "
  • confirmation you paid tax on these earnings in another country
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re unsure how to file a Self Assessment return, you can get advice from a professional, like an accountant.

    ", + "

    HMRC may ask you for proof that you:

    ", + "
  • could not leave the UK when you intended, for example an NHS isolation note
    • ", + "
  • paid tax in another country on what you earned while stuck in the UK
    • ", + "
  • left the UK as soon as you reasonably could
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay tax in the UK if you cannot prove you were unable to leave the UK and did not leave as soon as you could.

    ", + "

    Sending a Self Assessment tax return

    ", + "

    You cannot use HMRC\u2019s online services to tell them about your income if you\u2019re non-resident. Instead, you must do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • fill in a Self Assessment tax return and an SA109 form and send by post
    • ", + "
  • use commercial Self Assessment software that supports SA109 reporting (this may appear as a \u2018residence, remittance basis etc\u2019 section)
    • ", + "
  • get a tax professional to report your UK income for you
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be fined if you miss the deadline - it\u2019s earlier if you\u2019re sending your return by post (31 October).

    ", + "

    If you have overpaid

    ", + "

    Apply for a refund if you think you\u2019ve paid too much tax. This might happen if tax is deducted automatically (for example by your bank) but your total UK income is below your Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Send form R43 to HMRC, or claim the refund in your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re already doing one.

    ", + "

    HMRC will usually send refunds by cheque. If you want HMRC to send a refund straight to your bank account, include your bank account number and sort code on your tax return. You need to include this information each time you complete a tax return.

    ", + "

    Get help from a professional (like an accountant) if you need advice.

    ", + "

    Rental income

    ", + "

    You need to pay tax on your rental income if you rent out a property in the UK.

    ", + "

    You may also need to pay tax if you make a gain when you sell property or land in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you live abroad for 6 months or more per year, you\u2019re classed as a \u2018non-resident landlord\u2019 by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - even if you\u2019re a UK resident for tax purposes.

    ", + "

    How you pay tax

    ", + "

    You can get your rent either:

    ", + "
  • in full and pay tax through Self Assessment - if HMRC allows you to do this
    • ", + "
  • with tax already deducted by your letting agent or tenant
    • ", + "

    Get your rent in full

    ", + "

    If you want to pay tax on your rental income through Self Assessment, fill in form NRL1i and send it back to HMRC.

    ", + "

    If your application is approved, HMRC will tell your letting agent or tenant not to deduct tax from your rent and you\u2019ll need to declare your income in your Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    HMRC will not approve your application if your taxes are not up to date, for example you\u2019re late with your tax returns or payments.

    ", + "

    Get your rent with tax deducted

    ", + "

    Your letting agent or tenant will:

    ", + "
  • deduct basic rate tax from your rent (after allowing for any expenses they\u2019ve paid)
    • ", + "
  • give you a certificate at the end of the tax year saying how much tax they\u2019ve deducted
    • ", + "

    If you do not have a letting agent and your tenant pays you more than \u00a3100 a week in rent, they\u2019ll deduct the tax from their rent payments to you.

    ", + "

    Filling in your tax return

    ", + "

    You need to declare your rental income in a Self Assessment tax return unless HMRC tells you not to.

    ", + "

    You cannot use HMRC\u2019s online services. Instead, you need to:

    ", + "
  • send your tax return by post
    • ", + "
  • use commercial software
    • ", + "
  • get help from a professional, like an accountant
    • ", + "

    You need to complete the \u2018residence\u2019 section (form SA109 if you\u2019re sending it by post) and the \u2018property\u2019 section (form SA105).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be fined if you miss the deadline - it\u2019s earlier if you\u2019re sending your return by post (31 October).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid too much tax

    ", + "

    You can ask for a refund if both:

    ", + "
  • your rental income is lower than your Personal Allowance
    • ", + "
  • your letting agent (or tenant) already deducted basic rate tax on it
    • ", + "

    Fill in form R43 and send it back to HMRC.

    ", + "

    You cannot ask for a refund if you\u2019re not eligible for a Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Companies and trusts

    ", + "

    A company is a \u2018non-resident landlord\u2019 if it receives income from renting UK property and either:

    ", + "
  • its main office or business premises is outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s incorporated outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Your company will get its rent in full if it\u2019s resident in the UK for tax purposes - this includes UK branches of companies based abroad if they\u2019re registered for Corporation Tax.

    ", + "

    A trust is a \u2018non-resident landlord\u2019 if it receives income from renting UK property and all trustees usually live outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply to get your rent in full

    ", + "

    Companies should use form NRL2i to ask HMRC to get rental income in full. Trusts should use form NRL3i.

    ", + "

    Selling or inheriting assets

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a UK resident, you do not usually pay either:

    ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax if you sell most assets in the UK
    • ", + "
  • Inheritance Tax if you inherit assets located in the UK
    • ", + "

    When you might be taxed

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only have to pay Capital Gains Tax if:

    ", + "
  • you make a gain when you sell property or land in the UK
    • ", + "
  • assets you sold were used in a UK branch of a foreign business
    • ", + "
  • you used to be a UK resident and you return to the UK within 5 years of leaving
    • ", + "

    If you inherited the asset

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only have to pay Inheritance Tax if both:

    ", + "
  • you inherited property, money or shares in the UK
    • ", + "
  • the deceased\u2019s estate does not have the money to pay the Inheritance Tax
    • ", + "

    The normal rules for paying Income Tax apply if you get income from something you\u2019ve inherited, for example rental income from a UK property.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a non-resident and you inherit UK property or land you have to pay tax on any gains you make when you sell it. You do not pay tax if you inherit and sell other assets, for example UK shares.

    ", + "

    Personal Allowance

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a Personal Allowance of tax-free UK income each year if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you hold a British passport
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a citizen of a European Economic Area (EEA) country
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve worked for the UK government at any time during that tax year
    • ", + "

    You might also get it if it\u2019s included in the double-taxation agreement between the UK and the country you live in.

    ", + "

    Claim the Personal Allowance

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a UK resident, you have to claim the Personal Allowance at the end of each tax year in which you have UK income. Send form R43 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    If you're taxed twice

    ", + "

    You may be taxed on your UK income by the country where you\u2019re resident and by the UK.

    ", + "

    You may not have to pay twice if the country you\u2019re resident in has a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK. Depending on the agreement, you can apply for either:

    ", + "
  • partial or full relief before you\u2019ve been taxed
    • ", + "
  • a refund after you\u2019ve been taxed
    • ", + "

    Each double-taxation agreement sets out:

    ", + "
  • the country you pay tax in
    • ", + "
  • the country you apply for relief in
    • ", + "
  • how much tax relief you get
    • ", + "

    If the tax rates in the 2 countries are different, you\u2019ll pay the higher rate of tax. The tax year may start on different days in different countries.

    ", + "

    Double taxation agreements do not apply to tax on gains from selling UK residential property.

    ", + "

    What income you can claim for

    ", + "

    You can claim for income including:

    ", + "
  • most pensions - most UK government (such as civil service) pensions are only taxed in the UK
    • ", + "
  • wages and other pay (including self-employment)
    • ", + "
  • bank interest
    • ", + "
  • dividends - special rules apply, which HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) explain in section 10 of \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance Basis\u2019
    • ", + "

    How to claim tax relief

    ", + "

    Check HMRC\u2019s \u2018Double-taxation digest\u2019 for countries that have an agreement with the UK, and how income like pensions and interest is taxed.

    ", + "

    You need to look at the relevant tax treaty for the rules on other types of income like wages and rent.

    ", + "

    Fill in a claim form

    ", + "

    Use the correct form depending on whether you\u2019re resident in:

    ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • France
    • ", + "
  • Germany
    • ", + "
  • Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Japan
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Netherlands
    • ", + "
  • South Africa
    • ", + "
  • Spain
    • ", + "
  • Sweden
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • United States of America
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re resident somewhere else, use HMRC\u2019s standard claim form.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve filled in the form, send it to the tax authority in the country where you\u2019re resident. They\u2019ll confirm your eligibility and either send the form to HMRC or return it to you to send on (use the address on the form).

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different form for individuals and companies claiming a refund on dividends paid by UK Real Estate Investment Trusts.

    ", + "

    If you need help

    ", + "

    For help claiming double-taxation relief, you can:

    ", + "
  • get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser
    • ", + "
  • contact HMRC
    • ", + "

    Capital Gains Tax

    ", + "

    You only pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a gain on UK property or land. You do not pay it on other UK assets, such as UK shares. You will not usually need to make a claim for assets you do not pay tax on - but you should check the relevant double taxation agreement.

    ", + "

    If you return to the UK after being non-resident, you may have to pay tax on any assets you owned before you left the UK - even if you\u2019ve paid tax on any gains in the country you moved to. You can usually claim double-taxation relief.

    ", + "

    Dual residents

    ", + "

    You can be resident in both the UK and another country (\u2018dual resident\u2019). You\u2019ll need to check the other country\u2019s residence rules and when the tax year starts and ends.

    ", + "

    HMRC has guidance for how to claim double-taxation relief if you\u2019re a dual resident.

    ", + "

    If you're a UK resident

    ", + "

    You can live abroad and still be a UK resident for tax, for example if you visit the UK for more than 183 days in a tax year.

    ", + "

    Pay tax on your income and profits from selling assets (such as shares) in the normal way.

    ", + "

    You usually have to pay tax on your income from outside the UK as well.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-your-private-pension": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-your-private-pension", + "title": "Tax on your private pension contributions", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour private pension contributions are tax-free up to certain limits.\n\nThis applies to most private pension schemes, for example:\n\n- workplace pensions\n\n- personal and stakeholder pensions\n\n- overseas pension schemes that qualify for UK tax relief - ask your provider if it\u2019s a \u2018qualifying overseas pension scheme\u2019\n\nPension schemes must be registered with HMRC to qualify for tax relief. Check with your pension provider if you\u2019re unsure if your scheme is registered or not.\n\nYou pay tax when you take money out of a pension.\n\n## Limits to your tax-free contributions\n\nYou usually pay tax if savings in your pension pots go above:\n\n- 100% of your earnings in a year - this is the limit on tax relief you get\n\n- \u00a340,000 a year - check your \u2018annual allowance\u2019\n\n- \u00a31,073,100 in your lifetime - this is the lifetime allowance\n\nYou also pay tax on contributions if your pension provider:\n\n- is not registered for tax relief with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- does not invest your pension pot according to HMRC\u2019s rules\n\n## Tax relief\n\nYou can get tax relief on private pension contributions worth up to 100% of your annual earnings.\n\nYou get the tax relief automatically if your:\n\n- employer takes workplace pension contributions out of your pay before deducting Income Tax\n\n- rate of Income Tax is 20% - your pension provider will claim it as tax relief and add it to your pension pot (\u2018relief at source\u2019)\n\nIf your rate of Income Tax in Scotland is 19% your pension provider will claim tax relief for you at a rate of 20%. You do not need to pay the difference.\n\nUK tax relief is also available on contributions made to certain types of overseas pension schemes.\n\nIt\u2019s up to you to make sure you\u2019re not getting tax relief on pension contributions worth more than 100% of your annual earnings. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay back anything over this limit.\n\n## Relief at source\n\nYou get relief at source in all personal and stakeholder pensions, and some workplace pensions.\n\n## To get relief at source\n\nBefore paying into a scheme, you need to agree to certain conditions about your contributions (\u2018make declarations\u2019). Your pension provider will tell you what these are.\n\nYou also need to give your pension provider your:\n\n- full name and address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- employment status - or tell them if you\u2019re retired, a full time student, a carer or aged under 16\n\nYour employer may do this for you if you\u2019re automatically enrolled in their pension scheme.\n\nYour pension provider will let you know if this is the case and ask you to confirm your details are correct. You must do this within 30 days.\n\n## When you have to claim tax relief\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief on pension contributions if:\n\n- you pay Income Tax at a rate above 20% and your pension provider claims the first 20% for you (relief at source)\n\n- your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief\n\n- someone else pays into your pension\n\n## Claim tax relief in England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nYou can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:\n\n- 20% up to the amount of any income you have paid 40% tax on\n\n- 25% up to the amount of any income you have paid 45% tax on\n\nYou can also call or write to HMRC to claim if you pay Income Tax at 40%.\n\n## Claim tax relief in Scotland\n\nYou can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:\n\n- 1% up to the amount of any income you have paid 21% tax on\n\n- 21% up to the amount of any income you have paid 41% tax on\n\n- 26% up to the amount of any income you have paid 46% tax on\n\nYou can call or write to HMRC to claim if you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\n## If your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief\n\nClaim tax relief in your Self Assessment tax return if your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief.\n\nCall or write to HMRC if you do not fill in a tax return.\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief if your pension scheme is not registered with HMRC.\n\n## If someone else pays into your pension\n\nWhen someone else (for example your partner) pays into your pension, you automatically get tax relief at 20% if your pension provider claims it for you (relief at source).\n\nIf you\u2019re in a workplace pension that allows other people to contribute you may need to claim the tax relief on those contributions - call or write to HMRC.\n\n## If you do not pay Income Tax\n\nYou still automatically get tax relief at 20% on the first \u00a32,880 you pay into a pension each tax year (6 April to 5 April) if both of the following apply to you:\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax, for example because you\u2019re on a low income\n\n- your pension provider claims tax relief for you at a rate of 20% (relief at source)\n\n## Life insurance policies\n\nYou cannot get tax relief if you use your pension contributions to pay a personal term assurance policy, unless it\u2019s a protected policy.\n\nPersonal term assurance is a life insurance policy that either:\n\n- ends when the first insured person dies\n\n- insures people who are all from the same family\n\n## Annual allowance\n\nYour annual allowance is the most you can save in your pension pots in a tax year (6 April to 5 April) before you have to pay tax.\n\nYou\u2019ll only pay tax if you go above the annual allowance. This is \u00a340,000 this tax year.\n\n## What counts towards the annual allowance\n\nYour annual allowance applies to all of your private pensions, if you have more than one. This includes:\n\n- the total amount paid in to a defined contribution scheme in a tax year by you or anyone else (for example, your employer)\n\n- any increase in a defined benefit scheme in a tax year\n\n## If you use all of your annual allowance for the current tax year\n\nYou might be able to carry over any annual allowance you did not use from the previous 3 tax years.\n\n## When your annual allowance is lower than \u00a340,000\n\nYour annual allowance might be lower if you have:\n\n- flexibly accessed your pension pot\n\n- a high income\n\n## If you flexibly access your pension\n\nYour annual allowance might be lower if you flexibly access your pension. For example, this could include taking:\n\n- cash or a short-term annuity from a flexi-access drawdown fund\n\n- cash from a pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019)\n\nThe lower allowance is called the \u2018money purchase annual allowance\u2019.\n\n## If you have a high income\n\nYou\u2019ll have a reduced (\u2018tapered\u2019) annual allowance in the current tax year if both:\n\n- your \u2018threshold income\u2019 is over \u00a3200,000\n\n- your \u2018adjusted income\u2019 is over \u00a3240,000\n\nThe threshold income and adjusted income limits are different for earlier tax years.\n\nWork out your reduced annual allowance.\n\n## If you go above the annual allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you if you go above the annual allowance in their scheme. If you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, ask each pension provider for statements.\n\nYou can also use a calculator to work out how much you\u2019ve gone above the allowance.\n\nIf you go over your annual allowance, either you or your pension provider must pay the tax.\n\nFill in the \u2018Pension savings tax charges\u2019 section of a Self Assessment tax return to tell HMRC about the tax, even if your pension provider pays all or part of it. You\u2019ll need form SA101 if you\u2019re using a paper form.\n\nYou can still claim tax relief for pension contributions on your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re above the annual allowance.\n\nHMRC does not tax anyone for going over their annual allowance in a tax year if they:\n\n- retired and took all their pension pots because of serious ill health\n\n- died\n\n## Lifetime allowance\n\nYou usually pay tax if your pension pots are worth more than the lifetime allowance. This is currently \u00a31,073,100.\n\nYou might be able to protect your pension pot from reductions to the lifetime allowance.\n\n## Check how much lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used\n\nAsk your pension provider how much of your lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used.\n\nIf you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, you must add up what you\u2019ve used in all pension schemes you belong to.\n\nWhat counts towards your allowance depends on the type of pension pot you get.\n\n| Type of pension pot | What counts towards your lifetime allowance |\n\n| Defined contribution - personal, stakeholder and most workplace schemes | Money in pension pots that goes towards paying you, however you decide to take the money |\n\n| Defined benefit - some workplace schemes | Usually 20 times the pension you get in the first year plus your lump sum - check with your pension provider |\n\nYour pension provider may ask for information about other pension schemes you\u2019re in so they can check if you\u2019re above your lifetime allowance when you:\n\n- decide to take money from a pension pot\n\n- turn 75\n\n- transfer your pension overseas\n\n## Pay tax if you go above your lifetime allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you how much tax you owe if you go above your lifetime allowance. Your pension provider will deduct the tax before you start getting your pension.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to report the tax deducted by filling in a Self Assessment tax return - download and fill in form SA101 if you\u2019re using paper forms. You\u2019ll get information from your pension provider to help you do this.\n\nIf you die before taking your pension HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will bill the person who inherits your pension for the tax.\n\n## Rates\n\nThe rate of tax you pay on pension savings above your lifetime allowance depends on how the money is paid to you - the rate is:\n\n- 55% if you get it as a lump sum\n\n- 25% if you get it any other way, for example pension payments or cash withdrawals\n\n## Protect your lifetime allowance\n\nThe lifetime allowance was reduced in April 2016. You can apply to protect your lifetime allowance from this reduction.\n\nTell your pension provider the type of protection and the protection reference number when you decide to take money from your pension pot.\n\n## Withdrawing cash from a pension pot\n\nYou cannot withdraw cash from a defined contribution pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019) if you have:\n\n- primary or enhanced protection covering a lump sum worth more than \u00a3375,000\n\n- \u2018lifetime allowance enhancement factor\u2019 if your unused lifetime allowance is less than 25% of the cash you want to withdraw\n\n## Reporting changes to HMRC\n\nYou can lose enhanced protection or any type of fixed protection if:\n\n- you make new savings in a pension scheme\n\n- you are enrolled in a new workplace pension scheme\n\n- you transfer money between pension schemes in a way that does not meet the transfer rules\n\n- you\u2019ve got enhanced protection and, when you take your pension benefits, their value has increased more than the amount allowed in the enhanced protection tax rules - this is called \u2018relevant benefit accrual\u2019\n\n- you\u2019ve got fixed protection and the value of your pension pot in any tax year grows at a higher rate than is allowed by the tax rules - this is called \u2018benefit accrual\u2019\n\nYou can report changes online or by post.\n\nAsk your employer whether they\u2019re likely to enrol you in a workplace pension. To make sure you do not lose protection, you can either:\n\n- opt out of most schemes within a month\n\n- ask not to be enrolled in some schemes - your employer may need evidence of your lifetime allowance protection\n\nTell HMRC in writing if you think you might have lost your protection.\n\n## If you have the right to take your pension before 50\n\nYou may have a reduced lifetime allowance if you have the right to take your pension before you\u2019re 50 under a pension scheme you joined before 2006.\n\nThis only applies to people in certain jobs (for example professional sports, dance and modelling) who start taking their pension before they\u2019re 55.\n\nYour lifetime allowance is not reduced if you\u2019re in a pension scheme for uniformed services, for example the armed forces, police and fire services.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your private pension contributions are tax-free up to certain limits.

    ", + "

    This applies to most private pension schemes, for example:

    ", + "
  • workplace pensions
    • ", + "
  • personal and stakeholder pensions
    • ", + "
  • overseas pension schemes that qualify for UK tax relief - ask your provider if it\u2019s a \u2018qualifying overseas pension scheme\u2019
    • ", + "

    Pension schemes must be registered with HMRC to qualify for tax relief. Check with your pension provider if you\u2019re unsure if your scheme is registered or not.

    ", + "

    You pay tax when you take money out of a pension.

    ", + "

    Limits to your tax-free contributions

    ", + "

    You usually pay tax if savings in your pension pots go above:

    ", + "
  • 100% of your earnings in a year - this is the limit on tax relief you get
    • ", + "
  • \u00a340,000 a year - check your \u2018annual allowance\u2019
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,073,100 in your lifetime - this is the lifetime allowance
    • ", + "

    You also pay tax on contributions if your pension provider:

    ", + "
  • is not registered for tax relief with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • does not invest your pension pot according to HMRC\u2019s rules
    • ", + "

    Tax relief

    ", + "

    You can get tax relief on private pension contributions worth up to 100% of your annual earnings.

    ", + "

    You get the tax relief automatically if your:

    ", + "
  • employer takes workplace pension contributions out of your pay before deducting Income Tax
    • ", + "
  • rate of Income Tax is 20% - your pension provider will claim it as tax relief and add it to your pension pot (\u2018relief at source\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If your rate of Income Tax in Scotland is 19% your pension provider will claim tax relief for you at a rate of 20%. You do not need to pay the difference.

    ", + "

    UK tax relief is also available on contributions made to certain types of overseas pension schemes.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to you to make sure you\u2019re not getting tax relief on pension contributions worth more than 100% of your annual earnings. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay back anything over this limit.

    ", + "

    Relief at source

    ", + "

    You get relief at source in all personal and stakeholder pensions, and some workplace pensions.

    ", + "

    To get relief at source

    ", + "

    Before paying into a scheme, you need to agree to certain conditions about your contributions (\u2018make declarations\u2019). Your pension provider will tell you what these are.

    ", + "

    You also need to give your pension provider your:

    ", + "
  • full name and address
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • employment status - or tell them if you\u2019re retired, a full time student, a carer or aged under 16
    • ", + "

    Your employer may do this for you if you\u2019re automatically enrolled in their pension scheme.

    ", + "

    Your pension provider will let you know if this is the case and ask you to confirm your details are correct. You must do this within 30 days.

    ", + "

    When you have to claim tax relief

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief on pension contributions if:

    ", + "
  • you pay Income Tax at a rate above 20% and your pension provider claims the first 20% for you (relief at source)
    • ", + "
  • your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief
    • ", + "
  • someone else pays into your pension
    • ", + "

    Claim tax relief in England, Wales or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:

    ", + "
  • 20% up to the amount of any income you have paid 40% tax on
    • ", + "
  • 25% up to the amount of any income you have paid 45% tax on
    • ", + "

    You can also call or write to HMRC to claim if you pay Income Tax at 40%.

    ", + "

    Claim tax relief in Scotland

    ", + "

    You can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:

    ", + "
  • 1% up to the amount of any income you have paid 21% tax on
    • ", + "
  • 21% up to the amount of any income you have paid 41% tax on
    • ", + "
  • 26% up to the amount of any income you have paid 46% tax on
    • ", + "

    You can call or write to HMRC to claim if you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    If your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief

    ", + "

    Claim tax relief in your Self Assessment tax return if your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief.

    ", + "

    Call or write to HMRC if you do not fill in a tax return.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim tax relief if your pension scheme is not registered with HMRC.

    ", + "

    If someone else pays into your pension

    ", + "

    When someone else (for example your partner) pays into your pension, you automatically get tax relief at 20% if your pension provider claims it for you (relief at source).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in a workplace pension that allows other people to contribute you may need to claim the tax relief on those contributions - call or write to HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay Income Tax

    ", + "

    You still automatically get tax relief at 20% on the first \u00a32,880 you pay into a pension each tax year (6 April to 5 April) if both of the following apply to you:

    ", + "
  • you do not pay Income Tax, for example because you\u2019re on a low income
    • ", + "
  • your pension provider claims tax relief for you at a rate of 20% (relief at source)
    • ", + "

    Life insurance policies

    ", + "

    You cannot get tax relief if you use your pension contributions to pay a personal term assurance policy, unless it\u2019s a protected policy.

    ", + "

    Personal term assurance is a life insurance policy that either:

    ", + "
  • ends when the first insured person dies
    • ", + "
  • insures people who are all from the same family
    • ", + "

    Annual allowance

    ", + "

    Your annual allowance is the most you can save in your pension pots in a tax year (6 April to 5 April) before you have to pay tax.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only pay tax if you go above the annual allowance. This is \u00a340,000 this tax year.

    ", + "

    What counts towards the annual allowance

    ", + "

    Your annual allowance applies to all of your private pensions, if you have more than one. This includes:

    ", + "
  • the total amount paid in to a defined contribution scheme in a tax year by you or anyone else (for example, your employer)
    • ", + "
  • any increase in a defined benefit scheme in a tax year
    • ", + "

    If you use all of your annual allowance for the current tax year

    ", + "

    You might be able to carry over any annual allowance you did not use from the previous 3 tax years.

    ", + "

    When your annual allowance is lower than \u00a340,000

    ", + "

    Your annual allowance might be lower if you have:

    ", + "
  • flexibly accessed your pension pot
    • ", + "
  • a high income
    • ", + "

    If you flexibly access your pension

    ", + "

    Your annual allowance might be lower if you flexibly access your pension. For example, this could include taking:

    ", + "
  • cash or a short-term annuity from a flexi-access drawdown fund
    • ", + "
  • cash from a pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019)
    • ", + "

    The lower allowance is called the \u2018money purchase annual allowance\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you have a high income

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have a reduced (\u2018tapered\u2019) annual allowance in the current tax year if both:

    ", + "
  • your \u2018threshold income\u2019 is over \u00a3200,000
    • ", + "
  • your \u2018adjusted income\u2019 is over \u00a3240,000
    • ", + "

    The threshold income and adjusted income limits are different for earlier tax years.

    ", + "

    Work out your reduced annual allowance.

    ", + "

    If you go above the annual allowance

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you if you go above the annual allowance in their scheme. If you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, ask each pension provider for statements.

    ", + "

    You can also use a calculator to work out how much you\u2019ve gone above the allowance.

    ", + "

    If you go over your annual allowance, either you or your pension provider must pay the tax.

    ", + "

    Fill in the \u2018Pension savings tax charges\u2019 section of a Self Assessment tax return to tell HMRC about the tax, even if your pension provider pays all or part of it. You\u2019ll need form SA101 if you\u2019re using a paper form.

    ", + "

    You can still claim tax relief for pension contributions on your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re above the annual allowance.

    ", + "

    HMRC does not tax anyone for going over their annual allowance in a tax year if they:

    ", + "
  • retired and took all their pension pots because of serious ill health
    • ", + "
  • died
    • ", + "

    Lifetime allowance

    ", + "

    You usually pay tax if your pension pots are worth more than the lifetime allowance. This is currently \u00a31,073,100.

    ", + "

    You might be able to protect your pension pot from reductions to the lifetime allowance.

    ", + "

    Check how much lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used

    ", + "

    Ask your pension provider how much of your lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, you must add up what you\u2019ve used in all pension schemes you belong to.

    ", + "

    What counts towards your allowance depends on the type of pension pot you get.

    ", + "Type of pension pot | What counts towards your lifetime allowance", + "Defined contribution - personal, stakeholder and most workplace schemes | Money in pension pots that goes towards paying you, however you decide to take the money", + "Defined benefit - some workplace schemes | Usually 20 times the pension you get in the first year plus your lump sum - check with your pension provider", + "

    Your pension provider may ask for information about other pension schemes you\u2019re in so they can check if you\u2019re above your lifetime allowance when you:

    ", + "
  • decide to take money from a pension pot
    • ", + "
  • turn 75
    • ", + "
  • transfer your pension overseas
    • ", + "

    Pay tax if you go above your lifetime allowance

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you how much tax you owe if you go above your lifetime allowance. Your pension provider will deduct the tax before you start getting your pension.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to report the tax deducted by filling in a Self Assessment tax return - download and fill in form SA101 if you\u2019re using paper forms. You\u2019ll get information from your pension provider to help you do this.

    ", + "

    If you die before taking your pension HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will bill the person who inherits your pension for the tax.

    ", + "

    Rates

    ", + "

    The rate of tax you pay on pension savings above your lifetime allowance depends on how the money is paid to you - the rate is:

    ", + "
  • 55% if you get it as a lump sum
    • ", + "
  • 25% if you get it any other way, for example pension payments or cash withdrawals
    • ", + "

    Protect your lifetime allowance

    ", + "

    The lifetime allowance was reduced in April 2016. You can apply to protect your lifetime allowance from this reduction.

    ", + "

    Tell your pension provider the type of protection and the protection reference number when you decide to take money from your pension pot.

    ", + "

    Withdrawing cash from a pension pot

    ", + "

    You cannot withdraw cash from a defined contribution pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019) if you have:

    ", + "
  • primary or enhanced protection covering a lump sum worth more than \u00a3375,000
    • ", + "
  • \u2018lifetime allowance enhancement factor\u2019 if your unused lifetime allowance is less than 25% of the cash you want to withdraw
    • ", + "

    Reporting changes to HMRC

    ", + "

    You can lose enhanced protection or any type of fixed protection if:

    ", + "
  • you make new savings in a pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • you are enrolled in a new workplace pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • you transfer money between pension schemes in a way that does not meet the transfer rules
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got enhanced protection and, when you take your pension benefits, their value has increased more than the amount allowed in the enhanced protection tax rules - this is called \u2018relevant benefit accrual\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve got fixed protection and the value of your pension pot in any tax year grows at a higher rate than is allowed by the tax rules - this is called \u2018benefit accrual\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can report changes online or by post.

    ", + "

    Ask your employer whether they\u2019re likely to enrol you in a workplace pension. To make sure you do not lose protection, you can either:

    ", + "
  • opt out of most schemes within a month
    • ", + "
  • ask not to be enrolled in some schemes - your employer may need evidence of your lifetime allowance protection
    • ", + "

    Tell HMRC in writing if you think you might have lost your protection.

    ", + "

    If you have the right to take your pension before 50

    ", + "

    You may have a reduced lifetime allowance if you have the right to take your pension before you\u2019re 50 under a pension scheme you joined before 2006.

    ", + "

    This only applies to people in certain jobs (for example professional sports, dance and modelling) who start taking their pension before they\u2019re 55.

    ", + "

    Your lifetime allowance is not reduced if you\u2019re in a pension scheme for uniformed services, for example the armed forces, police and fire services.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-overpayments-and-underpayments": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-overpayments-and-underpayments", + "title": "Tax overpayments and underpayments", + "content": "## Your tax calculation\n\nIf you\u2019re employed or get a pension, your employer or pension provider uses your tax code to work out how much tax to take from you.\n\nYou could still be paying too much or too little tax. For example, if you got a company benefit or pay rise that HMRC did not know about, and so they did not update your tax code.\n\nIf you have not paid the right amount at the end of the tax year, HMRC will send you a P800 or a Simple Assessment tax calculation.\n\nYour P800 or Simple Assessment will tell you how to get a refund or pay tax you owe.\n\nYou will not get a P800 or Simple Assessment if you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment. Your bill will be adjusted automatically if you\u2019ve underpaid or overpaid tax.\n\n## When you might get a P800\n\nYou might get a P800 if you:\n\n- finished one job, started a new one and were paid by both in the same month\n\n- started receiving a pension at work\n\n- received Employment and Support Allowance or Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\nP800s are sent out after the tax year ends on 5 April. You\u2019ll normally get yours by the end of November.\n\n## When you might get a Simple Assessment letter\n\nYou might get a Simple Assessment letter if you:\n\n- owe tax that cannot be automatically taken out of your income\n\n- owe HMRC more than \u00a33,000\n\n- have to pay tax on the State Pension\n\nYou can pay your Simple Assessment bill online.\n\n## Checking your tax calculation\n\nYour letter will show the income you should have paid tax on. This includes any income from pay, pensions, state benefits, savings interest and employee benefits.\n\nCompare the figures with your records, for example your P60, bank statements or letters from the Department for Work and Pensions. If your state benefit was paid every 4 weeks, work out the total paid in a year by multiplying your regular payment by 13 (not 12).\n\nYou may be able to use the HMRC tax checker to work out how much tax you should have paid.\n\n## If you think your tax calculation is wrong\n\nContact HMRC if you think the amounts used in your letter are wrong, or HMRC did not act on information you gave them.\n\nYou have 60 days to query your simple assessment in writing or by telephone. The details of how to do that will be mentioned in your Simple Assesment letter.\n\n## If your P800 says you're due a refund\n\nYour P800 tax calculation will tell you how you can get your refund.\n\n## If your P800 says you can claim online\n\nYour P800 will tell you if you can claim your refund online. You\u2019ll be sent the money within 5 working days - it\u2019ll be in your UK account once your bank has processed the payment.\n\nIf you do not claim within 21 days, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a cheque. You\u2019ll get this within 6 weeks of the date on your P800.\n\nContact HMRC if you cannot claim your refund online.\n\n## If your P800 says you\u2019ll get a cheque\n\nYour P800 will tell you if HMRC will send you a cheque. You do not need to make a claim.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your cheque within 14 days of the date on your P800. If you\u2019re owed tax from more than one year, you\u2019ll get a single cheque for the entire amount.\n\n## If you do not have a P800\n\nYou can check how much Income Tax you should have paid.\n\nContact HMRC if you think you\u2019ve paid too much tax. If they agree, they\u2019ll send you a P800.\n\n## If your P800 says you owe tax\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will usually collect the tax you owe in instalments over the next year. This will happen automatically if you:\n\n- pay Income Tax through an employer or pension provider\n\n- earn enough income over your Personal Allowance to cover the underpayment\n\n- owe less than \u00a33,000\n\nHMRC will write to you about how you can pay if they cannot collect the money this way.\n\n## Other ways to pay\n\n## Online\n\nYour P800 will tell you if you can pay the tax you owe online.\n\n## By post\n\nYou can pay with a cheque, made payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your National Insurance Number on the back of the cheque. Send it with a covering letter including:\n\n- your full name and address\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- the amount of the payment\n\n- what the payment relates to, for example, PAYE\n\n- the year the payment is for\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC. Send your cheque to:\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Your tax calculation

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed or get a pension, your employer or pension provider uses your tax code to work out how much tax to take from you.

    ", + "

    You could still be paying too much or too little tax. For example, if you got a company benefit or pay rise that HMRC did not know about, and so they did not update your tax code.

    ", + "

    If you have not paid the right amount at the end of the tax year, HMRC will send you a P800 or a Simple Assessment tax calculation.

    ", + "

    Your P800 or Simple Assessment will tell you how to get a refund or pay tax you owe.

    ", + "

    You will not get a P800 or Simple Assessment if you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment. Your bill will be adjusted automatically if you\u2019ve underpaid or overpaid tax.

    ", + "

    When you might get a P800

    ", + "

    You might get a P800 if you:

    ", + "
  • finished one job, started a new one and were paid by both in the same month
    • ", + "
  • started receiving a pension at work
    • ", + "
  • received Employment and Support Allowance or Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    P800s are sent out after the tax year ends on 5 April. You\u2019ll normally get yours by the end of November.

    ", + "

    When you might get a Simple Assessment letter

    ", + "

    You might get a Simple Assessment letter if you:

    ", + "
  • owe tax that cannot be automatically taken out of your income
    • ", + "
  • owe HMRC more than \u00a33,000
    • ", + "
  • have to pay tax on the State Pension
    • ", + "

    You can pay your Simple Assessment bill online.

    ", + "

    Checking your tax calculation

    ", + "

    Your letter will show the income you should have paid tax on. This includes any income from pay, pensions, state benefits, savings interest and employee benefits.

    ", + "

    Compare the figures with your records, for example your P60, bank statements or letters from the Department for Work and Pensions. If your state benefit was paid every 4 weeks, work out the total paid in a year by multiplying your regular payment by 13 (not 12).

    ", + "

    You may be able to use the HMRC tax checker to work out how much tax you should have paid.

    ", + "

    If you think your tax calculation is wrong

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you think the amounts used in your letter are wrong, or HMRC did not act on information you gave them.

    ", + "

    You have 60 days to query your simple assessment in writing or by telephone. The details of how to do that will be mentioned in your Simple Assesment letter.

    ", + "

    If your P800 says you're due a refund

    ", + "

    Your P800 tax calculation will tell you how you can get your refund.

    ", + "

    If your P800 says you can claim online

    ", + "

    Your P800 will tell you if you can claim your refund online. You\u2019ll be sent the money within 5 working days - it\u2019ll be in your UK account once your bank has processed the payment.

    ", + "

    If you do not claim within 21 days, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a cheque. You\u2019ll get this within 6 weeks of the date on your P800.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you cannot claim your refund online.

    ", + "

    If your P800 says you\u2019ll get a cheque

    ", + "

    Your P800 will tell you if HMRC will send you a cheque. You do not need to make a claim.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your cheque within 14 days of the date on your P800. If you\u2019re owed tax from more than one year, you\u2019ll get a single cheque for the entire amount.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a P800

    ", + "

    You can check how much Income Tax you should have paid.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you think you\u2019ve paid too much tax. If they agree, they\u2019ll send you a P800.

    ", + "

    If your P800 says you owe tax

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will usually collect the tax you owe in instalments over the next year. This will happen automatically if you:

    ", + "
  • pay Income Tax through an employer or pension provider
    • ", + "
  • earn enough income over your Personal Allowance to cover the underpayment
    • ", + "
  • owe less than \u00a33,000
    • ", + "

    HMRC will write to you about how you can pay if they cannot collect the money this way.

    ", + "

    Other ways to pay

    ", + "

    Online

    ", + "

    Your P800 will tell you if you can pay the tax you owe online.

    ", + "

    By post

    ", + "

    You can pay with a cheque, made payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your National Insurance Number on the back of the cheque. Send it with a covering letter including:

    ", + "
  • your full name and address
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • the amount of the payment
    • ", + "
  • what the payment relates to, for example, PAYE
    • ", + "
  • the year the payment is for
    • ", + "

    Allow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC. Send your cheque to:

    ", + "

    You do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-pension": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-pension", + "title": "Tax when you get a pension", + "content": "## What\u2019s taxed\n\nYou pay tax if your total annual income adds up to more than your Personal Allowance. Find out about your Personal Allowance and Income Tax rates.\n\nYour total income could include:\n\n- the State Pension you get (either the basic State Pension or the new State Pension)\n\n- Additional State Pension\n\n- a private pension (workplace or personal) - you can take some of this tax-free\n\n- earnings from employment or self-employment\n\n- any taxable benefits you get\n\n- any other income, such as money from investments, property or savings\n\nYou may have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from a private pension. You may also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.\n\n## If your private pensions total more than \u00a31,073,100\n\nYou usually pay a tax charge if the total value of your private pensions is more than \u00a31,073,100. Your pension provider will take off the charge before you get your payment.\n\n## Tax if someone inherits your pension\n\nOther rules apply if someone inherits your State pension or your private pension.\n\n## What's tax-free\n\nYou won\u2019t usually pay any tax if your total annual income adds up to less than your Personal Allowance.\n\n## Lump sums from your pension\n\nYou can usually take up to 25% of the amount built up in any pension as a tax-free lump sum. The tax-free lump sum doesn\u2019t affect your Personal Allowance.\n\nTax is taken off the remaining amount before you get it.\n\nWhen you can take your pension depends on your pension\u2019s rules. It\u2019s usually 55 at the earliest.\n\nYou might have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from your pension. You could also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.\n\n## How you can take your pension\n\n## A pension worth up to \u00a310,000\n\nYou can usually take any pension worth up to \u00a310,000 in one go. This is called a \u2018small pot\u2019 lump sum. If you take this option, 25% is tax-free.\n\nYou can usually get:\n\n- up to 3 small pot lump sums from different personal pensions\n\n- unlimited small pot lump sums from different workplace pensions\n\n## A pension worth up to \u00a330,000 that includes a defined benefit pension\n\nIf you have \u00a330,000 or less in all of your private pensions, you can usually take everything you have in your defined benefit pension or defined contribution pension as a \u2018trivial commutation\u2019 lump sum. If you take this option, 25% is tax-free.\n\nIf this lump sum is paid from more than one pension, you must:\n\n- have your savings in each scheme valued by the provider on the same day, no more than 3 months before you get the first payment\n\n- get all payments within 12 months of the first payment\n\nIf you take payments from a pension before taking the rest as a lump sum, you pay tax on the whole lump sum.\n\n## Cash from a defined contribution pension\n\nCheck with your provider about how you can take money from a defined contribution pension. You can take:\n\n- all the money built up in your pension as cash - up to 25% is tax-free\n\n- smaller cash sums from your pension - up to 25% of each sum is tax-free\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge on money you put into your pension after you withdraw cash.\n\n## If your life expectancy is less than a year\n\nYou may be able to take all the money in your pension as a tax-free lump sum, if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness\n\n- you\u2019re under 75\n\n- you don\u2019t have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings\n\nIf you\u2019re over 75 you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the lump sum.\n\nCheck with your pension provider. Some pension funds will keep at least 50% of your pension for your spouse or civil partner.\n\n## How your tax is paid\n\n## If you get the State Pension and a private pension\n\nYour pension provider will take off any tax you owe before they pay you. They\u2019ll also take off any tax you owe on your State Pension.\n\nIf you get payments from more than one provider (for example, from a workplace pension and a personal pension), HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask one of your providers to take the tax off your State Pension.\n\nAt the end of the tax year you\u2019ll get a P60 from your pension provider showing how much tax you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## If the State Pension is your only income\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for paying any tax you owe. Fill in and send a Self Assessment tax return if you owe anything.\n\nIf you started getting your pension on or after 6 April 2016, don\u2019t send a tax return. HMRC will write to tell you what you owe and how to pay.\n\n## If you continue to work\n\nYour employer will take any tax due off your earnings and your State Pension. This is called Pay As You Earn (PAYE).\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you must fill in a Self Assessment tax return at the end of the tax year. You must declare your overall income, including the State Pension and money from private pensions, for example your workplace pension.\n\n## If you have other income\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for paying any tax you owe on income other than money from your pensions. You might have to fill in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much tax.\n\n## Tax codes\n\nIf your income only comes from one source you\u2019ll usually have one tax code.\n\nYou can have several tax codes if you have income from more than one source.\n\nYou can get your tax code corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## Tax when you live abroad\n\nIf you live abroad but are classed as a UK resident for tax purposes, you may have to pay UK tax on your pension. The amount you pay depends on your income.\n\nIf you\u2019re not a UK resident, you don\u2019t usually pay UK tax on your pension. But you might have to pay tax in the country you live in. There are a few exceptions - for example, UK civil service pensions will always be taxed in the UK.\n\n## Double tax\n\nIf you live in a country without a \u2018double taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK, you might have to pay tax in both countries.\n\n## Higher tax on unauthorised payments\n\nYou\u2019ll pay up to 55% tax on payments from your pension provider if they make an \u2018unauthorised payment\u2019. This is a payment made outside of the government\u2019s tax rules and usually includes:\n\n- any payments before you\u2019re 55 (there are exceptions)\n\n- a \u2018trivial commutation\u2019 lump sum of over \u00a330,000\n\n- regular payments into your account after you\u2019ve died\n\nSome companies advertise personal loans or cash advances if you take your pension early. These payments are unauthorised and you have to pay tax on them.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What\u2019s taxed

    ", + "

    You pay tax if your total annual income adds up to more than your Personal Allowance. Find out about your Personal Allowance and Income Tax rates.

    ", + "

    Your total income could include:

    ", + "
  • the State Pension you get (either the basic State Pension or the new State Pension)
    • ", + "
  • Additional State Pension
    • ", + "
  • a private pension (workplace or personal) - you can take some of this tax-free
    • ", + "
  • earnings from employment or self-employment
    • ", + "
  • any taxable benefits you get
    • ", + "
  • any other income, such as money from investments, property or savings
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from a private pension. You may also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    If your private pensions total more than \u00a31,073,100

    ", + "

    You usually pay a tax charge if the total value of your private pensions is more than \u00a31,073,100. Your pension provider will take off the charge before you get your payment.

    ", + "

    Tax if someone inherits your pension

    ", + "

    Other rules apply if someone inherits your State pension or your private pension.

    ", + "

    What's tax-free

    ", + "

    You won\u2019t usually pay any tax if your total annual income adds up to less than your Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Lump sums from your pension

    ", + "

    You can usually take up to 25% of the amount built up in any pension as a tax-free lump sum. The tax-free lump sum doesn\u2019t affect your Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Tax is taken off the remaining amount before you get it.

    ", + "

    When you can take your pension depends on your pension\u2019s rules. It\u2019s usually 55 at the earliest.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from your pension. You could also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    How you can take your pension

    ", + "

    A pension worth up to \u00a310,000

    ", + "

    You can usually take any pension worth up to \u00a310,000 in one go. This is called a \u2018small pot\u2019 lump sum. If you take this option, 25% is tax-free.

    ", + "

    You can usually get:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 small pot lump sums from different personal pensions
    • ", + "
  • unlimited small pot lump sums from different workplace pensions
    • ", + "

    A pension worth up to \u00a330,000 that includes a defined benefit pension

    ", + "

    If you have \u00a330,000 or less in all of your private pensions, you can usually take everything you have in your defined benefit pension or defined contribution pension as a \u2018trivial commutation\u2019 lump sum. If you take this option, 25% is tax-free.

    ", + "

    If this lump sum is paid from more than one pension, you must:

    ", + "
  • have your savings in each scheme valued by the provider on the same day, no more than 3 months before you get the first payment
    • ", + "
  • get all payments within 12 months of the first payment
    • ", + "

    If you take payments from a pension before taking the rest as a lump sum, you pay tax on the whole lump sum.

    ", + "

    Cash from a defined contribution pension

    ", + "

    Check with your provider about how you can take money from a defined contribution pension. You can take:

    ", + "
  • all the money built up in your pension as cash - up to 25% is tax-free
    • ", + "
  • smaller cash sums from your pension - up to 25% of each sum is tax-free
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay a tax charge on money you put into your pension after you withdraw cash.

    ", + "

    If your life expectancy is less than a year

    ", + "

    You may be able to take all the money in your pension as a tax-free lump sum, if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 75
    • ", + "
  • you don\u2019t have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 75 you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the lump sum.

    ", + "

    Check with your pension provider. Some pension funds will keep at least 50% of your pension for your spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    How your tax is paid

    ", + "

    If you get the State Pension and a private pension

    ", + "

    Your pension provider will take off any tax you owe before they pay you. They\u2019ll also take off any tax you owe on your State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you get payments from more than one provider (for example, from a workplace pension and a personal pension), HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask one of your providers to take the tax off your State Pension.

    ", + "

    At the end of the tax year you\u2019ll get a P60 from your pension provider showing how much tax you\u2019ve paid.

    ", + "

    If the State Pension is your only income

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for paying any tax you owe. Fill in and send a Self Assessment tax return if you owe anything.

    ", + "

    If you started getting your pension on or after 6 April 2016, don\u2019t send a tax return. HMRC will write to tell you what you owe and how to pay.

    ", + "

    If you continue to work

    ", + "

    Your employer will take any tax due off your earnings and your State Pension. This is called Pay As You Earn (PAYE).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed you must fill in a Self Assessment tax return at the end of the tax year. You must declare your overall income, including the State Pension and money from private pensions, for example your workplace pension.

    ", + "

    If you have other income

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for paying any tax you owe on income other than money from your pensions. You might have to fill in a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    You can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much tax.

    ", + "

    Tax codes

    ", + "

    If your income only comes from one source you\u2019ll usually have one tax code.

    ", + "

    You can have several tax codes if you have income from more than one source.

    ", + "

    You can get your tax code corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    Tax when you live abroad

    ", + "

    If you live abroad but are classed as a UK resident for tax purposes, you may have to pay UK tax on your pension. The amount you pay depends on your income.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a UK resident, you don\u2019t usually pay UK tax on your pension. But you might have to pay tax in the country you live in. There are a few exceptions - for example, UK civil service pensions will always be taxed in the UK.

    ", + "

    Double tax

    ", + "

    If you live in a country without a \u2018double taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK, you might have to pay tax in both countries.

    ", + "

    Higher tax on unauthorised payments

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay up to 55% tax on payments from your pension provider if they make an \u2018unauthorised payment\u2019. This is a payment made outside of the government\u2019s tax rules and usually includes:

    ", + "
  • any payments before you\u2019re 55 (there are exceptions)
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018trivial commutation\u2019 lump sum of over \u00a330,000
    • ", + "
  • regular payments into your account after you\u2019ve died
    • ", + "

    Some companies advertise personal loans or cash advances if you take your pension early. These payments are unauthorised and you have to pay tax on them.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance", + "title": "National Insurance", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits and the State Pension.\n\nYou pay mandatory National Insurance if you\u2019re 16 or over and are either:\n\n- an employee earning above \u00a3184 a week\n\n- self-employed and making a profit of \u00a36,515 or more a year\n\nYou may be able to pay voluntary contributions to avoid gaps in your NI contributions.\n\nYou need a National Insurance number before you can start paying National Insurance contributions.\n\nIf you earn between \u00a3120 and \u00a3184 a week, your contributions are treated as having been paid to protect your National Insurance record.\n\nThis page is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## National Insurance classes\n\nThere are different types of National Insurance (known as \u2018classes\u2019).\n\nThe type you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\n## When you stop paying\n\nIf you\u2019re employed, you stop paying Class 1 National Insurance when you reach the State Pension age.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you stop paying:\n\n- Class 2 National Insurance when you reach State Pension age\n\n- Class 4 National Insurance from 6 April (start of the tax year) after you reach State Pension age\n\n## Your National Insurance number\n\nYou have a National Insurance number to make sure your National Insurance contributions and tax are recorded against your name only.\n\nIt\u2019s made up of letters and numbers and never changes.\n\nYou can find your National Insurance number:\n\n- on your payslip\n\n- on your P60\n\n- on letters about your tax, pension or benefits\n\n- in the National Insurance section of your personal tax account\n\nYou can apply for a National Insurance number if you do not have one or find your National Insurance number if you\u2019ve lost it.\n\n## Who uses your National Insurance number\n\nThese organisations need to know what your number is:\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- your employer\n\n- the Department for Work and Pensions (which includes Jobcentre Plus and the Pension, Disability and Carers Service), if you claim state benefits, or in Northern Ireland the Department for Social Development\n\n- your local council, if you claim Housing Benefit, or the Northern Ireland Housing Executive\n\n- Electoral Registration Officers (to check your identity when you register to vote)\n\n- the Student Loan Company, if you apply for a student loan\n\n- your pension provider if you have a personal or stakeholder pension\n\n- your Individual Savings Account (ISA) provider, if you open an ISA\n\n- authorised financial service providers who help you buy and sell investments like shares, bonds and derivatives - you can check if your provider is authorised\n\nTo prevent identity fraud, keep your National Insurance number safe. Do not share it with anyone who does not need it.\n\n## Proving your National Insurance number\n\nYou can save or print a letter confirming your National Insurance number from your personal tax account.\n\nIf you do not have a personal tax account, contact HMRC to ask for a letter.\n\n## National Insurance classes\n\nThe class you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\n| National Insurance class | Who pays |\n\n| Class 1 | Employees earning more than \u00a3184 a week and under State Pension age - they\u2019re automatically deducted by your employer |\n\n| Class 1A or 1B | Employers pay these directly on their employee\u2019s expenses or benefits |\n\n| Class 2 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a36,515 or more a year. If you\u2019re earning less than this, you can choose to pay voluntary contributions to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record |\n\n| Class 3 | Voluntary contributions - you can pay them to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record |\n\n| Class 4 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a39,569 or more a year |\n\nSee the current rates for Class 1, 2 and 4 contributions.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nThe amount of National Insurance you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\nYou can see rates for past tax years.\n\n## If you\u2019re employed\n\nYou pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions. The rates for most people for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:\n\n| Your pay | Class 1 National Insurance rate |\n\n| \u00a3184 to \u00a3967 a week (\u00a3797 to \u00a34,189 a month) | 12% |\n\n| Over \u00a3967 a week (\u00a34,189 a month) | 2% |\n\nYou\u2019ll pay less if:\n\n- you\u2019re a married woman or widow with a valid \u2018certificate of election\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re deferring National Insurance because you\u2019ve got more than one job\n\nEmployers pay a different rate of National Insurance depending on their employees\u2019 category letters.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou pay National Insurance with your tax. Your employer will take it from your wages before you get paid. Your payslip will show your contributions.\n\nIf you\u2019re a director of a limited company, you may also be your own employee and pay Class 1 National Insurance through your PAYE payroll.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nYou pay Class 2 and Class 4 National Insurance, depending on your profits. Most people pay both through Self Assessment.\n\nYou may be able to pay voluntary contributions to avoid gaps in your national insurance record if you:\n\n- have profits of less than \u00a36,515 a year from your self-employment\n\n- have a specific job (such as an examiner or business owner in property or land) and you do not pay Class 2 National Insurance through Self Assessment\n\nIf you have a specific job and you do not pay Class 2 National Insurance through Self Assessment, you need to contact HMRC to arrange a voluntary payment.\n\n## If you\u2019re employed and self-employed\n\nYou might be an employee but also do self-employed work. In this case your employer will deduct your Class 1 National Insurance from your wages, and you may have to pay Class 2 and 4 National Insurance for your self-employed work.\n\nHow much you pay depends on your combined wages and your self-employed work. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will let you know how much National Insurance is due after you\u2019ve filed your Self Assessment tax return.\n\n## Directors, landlords and share fishermen\n\nThere are different National Insurance rules for:\n\n- company directors\n\n- landlords running a property business\n\n- share fishermen for example you\u2019re working on a British fishing boat but not under a contract of service\n\nYou can apply to HMRC to check your National Insurance record and claim a refund if you think you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\n## What National Insurance is for\n\nNational Insurance contributions count towards the benefits and pensions in the table.\n\n| | Class 1: employees | Class 2: self-employed | Class 3: voluntary contributions |\n\n| Basic State Pension | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Additional State Pension | Yes | No | No |\n\n| New State Pension | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Contribution-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance | Yes | No | No |\n\n| Contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Maternity Allowance | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Bereavement Support Payment | Yes | Yes | No |\n\nClass 4 contributions paid by self-employed people with a profit of \u00a39,569 or more do not usually count towards state benefits.\n\n## Help if you're not working\n\nYour benefits could be affected if there are gaps in your National Insurance record. National Insurance credits can help to avoid gaps in your record and protect your benefits.\n\nYou can get credits if you cannot pay National Insurance contributions, for example, if:\n\n- you\u2019re unable to work due to illness\n\n- you\u2019re caring for someone\n\nIf you\u2019re not working or getting credits you can also top up your National Insurance with voluntary contributions.\n\n## Change of circumstance\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:\n\n- change your personal details, for example your name, address or marital status\n\n- start being self-employed\n\n- stop being self-employed", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits and the State Pension.

    ", + "

    You pay mandatory National Insurance if you\u2019re 16 or over and are either:

    ", + "
  • an employee earning above \u00a3184 a week
    • ", + "
  • self-employed and making a profit of \u00a36,515 or more a year
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay voluntary contributions to avoid gaps in your NI contributions.

    ", + "

    You need a National Insurance number before you can start paying National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    If you earn between \u00a3120 and \u00a3184 a week, your contributions are treated as having been paid to protect your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    This page is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    National Insurance classes

    ", + "

    There are different types of National Insurance (known as \u2018classes\u2019).

    ", + "

    The type you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.

    ", + "

    When you stop paying

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed, you stop paying Class 1 National Insurance when you reach the State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed you stop paying:

    ", + "
  • Class 2 National Insurance when you reach State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • Class 4 National Insurance from 6 April (start of the tax year) after you reach State Pension age
    • ", + "

    Your National Insurance number

    ", + "

    You have a National Insurance number to make sure your National Insurance contributions and tax are recorded against your name only.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s made up of letters and numbers and never changes.

    ", + "

    You can find your National Insurance number:

    ", + "
  • on your payslip
    • ", + "
  • on your P60
    • ", + "
  • on letters about your tax, pension or benefits
    • ", + "
  • in the National Insurance section of your personal tax account
    • ", + "

    You can apply for a National Insurance number if you do not have one or find your National Insurance number if you\u2019ve lost it.

    ", + "

    Who uses your National Insurance number

    ", + "

    These organisations need to know what your number is:

    ", + "
  • HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • your employer
    • ", + "
  • the Department for Work and Pensions (which includes Jobcentre Plus and the Pension, Disability and Carers Service), if you claim state benefits, or in Northern Ireland the Department for Social Development
    • ", + "
  • your local council, if you claim Housing Benefit, or the Northern Ireland Housing Executive
    • ", + "
  • Electoral Registration Officers (to check your identity when you register to vote)
    • ", + "
  • the Student Loan Company, if you apply for a student loan
    • ", + "
  • your pension provider if you have a personal or stakeholder pension
    • ", + "
  • your Individual Savings Account (ISA) provider, if you open an ISA
    • ", + "
  • authorised financial service providers who help you buy and sell investments like shares, bonds and derivatives - you can check if your provider is authorised
    • ", + "

    To prevent identity fraud, keep your National Insurance number safe. Do not share it with anyone who does not need it.

    ", + "

    Proving your National Insurance number

    ", + "

    You can save or print a letter confirming your National Insurance number from your personal tax account.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a personal tax account, contact HMRC to ask for a letter.

    ", + "

    National Insurance classes

    ", + "

    The class you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.

    ", + "National Insurance class | Who pays", + "Class 1 | Employees earning more than \u00a3184 a week and under State Pension age - they\u2019re automatically deducted by your employer", + "Class 1A or 1B | Employers pay these directly on their employee\u2019s expenses or benefits", + "Class 2 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a36,515 or more a year. If you\u2019re earning less than this, you can choose to pay voluntary contributions to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record", + "Class 3 | Voluntary contributions - you can pay them to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record", + "Class 4 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a39,569 or more a year", + "

    See the current rates for Class 1, 2 and 4 contributions.

    ", + "

    How much you pay

    ", + "

    The amount of National Insurance you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.

    ", + "

    You can see rates for past tax years.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed

    ", + "

    You pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions. The rates for most people for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:

    ", + "Your pay | Class 1 National Insurance rate", + "\u00a3184 to \u00a3967 a week (\u00a3797 to \u00a34,189 a month) | 12%", + "Over \u00a3967 a week (\u00a34,189 a month) | 2%", + "

    You\u2019ll pay less if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a married woman or widow with a valid \u2018certificate of election\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re deferring National Insurance because you\u2019ve got more than one job
    • ", + "

    Employers pay a different rate of National Insurance depending on their employees\u2019 category letters.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You pay National Insurance with your tax. Your employer will take it from your wages before you get paid. Your payslip will show your contributions.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a director of a limited company, you may also be your own employee and pay Class 1 National Insurance through your PAYE payroll.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    You pay Class 2 and Class 4 National Insurance, depending on your profits. Most people pay both through Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay voluntary contributions to avoid gaps in your national insurance record if you:

    ", + "
  • have profits of less than \u00a36,515 a year from your self-employment
    • ", + "
  • have a specific job (such as an examiner or business owner in property or land) and you do not pay Class 2 National Insurance through Self Assessment
    • ", + "

    If you have a specific job and you do not pay Class 2 National Insurance through Self Assessment, you need to contact HMRC to arrange a voluntary payment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re employed and self-employed

    ", + "

    You might be an employee but also do self-employed work. In this case your employer will deduct your Class 1 National Insurance from your wages, and you may have to pay Class 2 and 4 National Insurance for your self-employed work.

    ", + "

    How much you pay depends on your combined wages and your self-employed work. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will let you know how much National Insurance is due after you\u2019ve filed your Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    Directors, landlords and share fishermen

    ", + "

    There are different National Insurance rules for:

    ", + "
  • company directors
    • ", + "
  • landlords running a property business
    • ", + "
  • share fishermen for example you\u2019re working on a British fishing boat but not under a contract of service
    • ", + "

    You can apply to HMRC to check your National Insurance record and claim a refund if you think you\u2019ve overpaid.

    ", + "

    What National Insurance is for

    ", + "

    National Insurance contributions count towards the benefits and pensions in the table.

    ", + " | Class 1: employees | Class 2: self-employed | Class 3: voluntary contributions", + "Basic State Pension | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Additional State Pension | Yes | No | No", + "New State Pension | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Contribution-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance | Yes | No | No", + "Contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance | Yes | Yes | No", + "Maternity Allowance | Yes | Yes | No", + "Bereavement Support Payment | Yes | Yes | No", + "

    Class 4 contributions paid by self-employed people with a profit of \u00a39,569 or more do not usually count towards state benefits.

    ", + "

    Help if you're not working

    ", + "

    Your benefits could be affected if there are gaps in your National Insurance record. National Insurance credits can help to avoid gaps in your record and protect your benefits.

    ", + "

    You can get credits if you cannot pay National Insurance contributions, for example, if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re unable to work due to illness
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re caring for someone
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not working or getting credits you can also top up your National Insurance with voluntary contributions.

    ", + "

    Change of circumstance

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:

    ", + "
  • change your personal details, for example your name, address or marital status
    • ", + "
  • start being self-employed
    • ", + "
  • stop being self-employed
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-2-national-insurance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-2-national-insurance", + "title": "Pay Class 2 National Insurance if you do not pay through Self Assessment", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou make Class 2 National Insurance contributions if you\u2019re self-employed to qualify for benefits like the State Pension.\n\nMost people pay the contributions as part of their Self Assessment tax bill.\n\nYou cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you do not pay through Self Assessment\n\nYou do not pay through Self Assessment if you\u2019re any of the following:\n\n- an examiner, moderator, invigilator or person who set exam questions\n\n- running a businesses involving land or property\n\n- a minister of religion who does not receive a salary or stipend\n\n- living abroad and paying voluntary Class 2 contributions\n\n- a person who makes investments - but not as a business and without getting a fee or commission\n\n- a non-UK resident who\u2019s self-employed in the UK\n\n- working abroad\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a payment request by the end of October - call the newly self-employed helpline if you do not get one.\n\nPay now\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nMake sure your payment reaches HMRC by the deadline. The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can make same or next day payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- by CHAPS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\nYou can pay within 3 days by BACS.\n\nYou can pay within 21 working days by Direct Debit if you have not set one up before.\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## If you miss the deadline\n\nYou might have to pay more to fill the gap in your National Insurance record. HMRC will write to you to tell you how much you need to pay.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\n## Paying from the UK\n\nUse your online or telephone banking account to make your payment to the following HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 20 | 12001004 | HMRC NICO |\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse the 18-digit reference number shown on your HMRC payment request, when you make a payment. Do not leave any spaces between the digits.\n\nIf you do not have an 18-digit reference number you can get help from the National Insurance Helpline.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nIf you\u2019re paying from abroad, the account you pay into depends on whether you\u2019re using a UK or non-UK account.\n\n| Account type | Sort code | Account number |\n\n| UK | 20 20 48 | 30944793 |\n\n| Account type | Account number (IBAN) | Bank Identifier Code (BIC) |\n\n| Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22 |\n\nFor either account, pay to account name \u2018HMRC NIC receipts\u2019.\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019, your surname then your initial. If your bank limits you to a certain amount of characters, you should use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019 and as much of your surname as possible.\n\nIf you\u2019re an employer paying for an employee living abroad, you should use your 13-character employer number.\n\n## Banking address\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nPay at a branch by cash or cheque, along with your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) payslip.\n\nSome branches might be closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou\u2019ll find your payslip on the payment request HMRC sent you.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your Class 2 National Insurance reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip or the payment request sent to you by HMRC.\n\nIf you pay between Monday and Friday, HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still make payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking\n\n- by CHAPS or BACS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020\n\nCall HMRC if you want to check your payment has been received.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nFill in the form to set up a new Direct Debit.\n\nIf you live abroad and pay voluntary National Insurance, fill in the form at the end of leaflet NI38 instead.\n\nAllow 21 days to set up a new Direct Debit.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a letter telling you when payments will be taken and how much they will be.\n\nPayments will appear on your statement as \u2018HMRC NI-DD\u2019. HMRC will write to you if your payments change for any reason.\n\nIf you have a question about your Direct Debit payments contact National Insurance enquiries.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You make Class 2 National Insurance contributions if you\u2019re self-employed to qualify for benefits like the State Pension.

    ", + "

    Most people pay the contributions as part of their Self Assessment tax bill.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you do not pay through Self Assessment

    ", + "

    You do not pay through Self Assessment if you\u2019re any of the following:

    ", + "
  • an examiner, moderator, invigilator or person who set exam questions
    • ", + "
  • running a businesses involving land or property
    • ", + "
  • a minister of religion who does not receive a salary or stipend
    • ", + "
  • living abroad and paying voluntary Class 2 contributions
    • ", + "
  • a person who makes investments - but not as a business and without getting a fee or commission
    • ", + "
  • a non-UK resident who\u2019s self-employed in the UK
    • ", + "
  • working abroad
    • ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a payment request by the end of October - call the newly self-employed helpline if you do not get one.

    ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Make sure your payment reaches HMRC by the deadline. The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    You can make same or next day payments:

    ", + "
  • by online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • by CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open
    • ", + "

    You can pay within 3 days by BACS.

    ", + "

    You can pay within 21 working days by Direct Debit if you have not set one up before.

    ", + "

    If the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).

    ", + "

    If you miss the deadline

    ", + "

    You might have to pay more to fill the gap in your National Insurance record. HMRC will write to you to tell you how much you need to pay.

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    Paying from the UK

    ", + "

    Use your online or telephone banking account to make your payment to the following HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 20 | 12001004 | HMRC NICO", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    Use the 18-digit reference number shown on your HMRC payment request, when you make a payment. Do not leave any spaces between the digits.

    ", + "

    If you do not have an 18-digit reference number you can get help from the National Insurance Helpline.

    ", + "

    Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying from abroad, the account you pay into depends on whether you\u2019re using a UK or non-UK account.

    ", + "Account type | Sort code | Account number", + "UK | 20 20 48 | 30944793", + "Account type | Account number (IBAN) | Bank Identifier Code (BIC)", + "Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22", + "

    For either account, pay to account name \u2018HMRC NIC receipts\u2019.

    ", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    Use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019, your surname then your initial. If your bank limits you to a certain amount of characters, you should use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019 and as much of your surname as possible.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employer paying for an employee living abroad, you should use your 13-character employer number.

    ", + "

    Banking address

    ", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    Pay at a branch by cash or cheque, along with your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) payslip.

    ", + "

    Some branches might be closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll find your payslip on the payment request HMRC sent you.

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your Class 2 National Insurance reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip or the payment request sent to you by HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you pay between Monday and Friday, HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can still make payments:

    ", + "
  • by online or telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • by CHAPS or BACS
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020

    ", + "

    Call HMRC if you want to check your payment has been received.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    Fill in the form to set up a new Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    If you live abroad and pay voluntary National Insurance, fill in the form at the end of leaflet NI38 instead.

    ", + "

    Allow 21 days to set up a new Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a letter telling you when payments will be taken and how much they will be.

    ", + "

    Payments will appear on your statement as \u2018HMRC NI-DD\u2019. HMRC will write to you if your payments change for any reason.

    ", + "

    If you have a question about your Direct Debit payments contact National Insurance enquiries.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/pay-voluntary-class-3-national-insurance": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-voluntary-class-3-national-insurance", + "title": "Pay voluntary Class 3 National Insurance", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be able to pay Class 3 voluntary National Insurance to fill gaps in your contributions record to qualify for benefits like the State Pension.\n\nPay now\n\n## Before you pay\n\nCheck your National Insurance record to find out:\n\n- if you have any gaps\n\n- if you\u2019re eligible to pay voluntary contributions\n\n- how much it will cost\n\nVoluntary contributions do not always increase your State Pension. Contact the Future Pension Centre to find out if you\u2019ll benefit from voluntary contributions.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nYou can pay monthly via Direct Debit.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you want to:\n\n- pay quarterly - they\u2019ll send you a bill every July, October, January and April\n\n- make a one-off payment\n\nMake sure you pay HMRC by the deadline you\u2019re given. The amount of time you\u2019ll need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\n## Same or next day\n\nYou can make same or next day payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking\n\n- by CHAPS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\n## 3 working days\n\nYou can pay within 3 days by BACS.\n\nYou currently cannot pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nTo set up monthly payments, download and send the Direct Debit form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). The address is on the form.\n\nHMRC will write within 21 days to confirm your Direct Debit is set up.\n\nPayments appear on your statement as \u2018HMRC NI-DD\u2019.\n\nYour debits usually start in May. If you\u2019re setting up the Direct Debit after May and you need to pay arrears, you can do this through your first payment.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nMake your payment to the following HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account, unless you\u2019re paying from overseas.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 20 | 12001004 | HMRC NICO Telephone banking |\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse your reference number when making your payment. You\u2019ll find it on your bill.\n\nFor quarterly payments, your number will be 18 characters beginning with 11.\n\nFor one-off payments, your number will be 18 characters beginning with 60.\n\nContact HMRC if you do not have a reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nIf you\u2019re paying from abroad, the account you pay into depends on whether you\u2019re using a UK or non-UK account.\n\n| Account type | Sort code | Account number |\n\n| UK | 20 20 48 | 30944793 |\n\n| Account type | Account number (IBAN) | Bank Identifier Code (BIC) |\n\n| Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22 |\n\nFor either account, pay to account name \u2018HMRC NIC receipts\u2019.\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019, your surname then your initial. If your bank limits you to a certain amount of characters, you should use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019 and as much of your surname as possible.\n\nIf you\u2019re an employer paying for an employee living abroad, you should use your 13-character employer number.\n\n## Banking address\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nPay at a branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need the payslip HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent with your bill.\n\nSome branches might be closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your Class 3 National Insurance reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip provided by HMRC.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account, if you pay between Monday and Friday.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still make payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking\n\n- by CHAPS or BACS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020\n\nCall HMRC if you want to check your payment has been received.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay Class 3 voluntary National Insurance to fill gaps in your contributions record to qualify for benefits like the State Pension.

    ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    Before you pay

    ", + "

    Check your National Insurance record to find out:

    ", + "
  • if you have any gaps
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re eligible to pay voluntary contributions
    • ", + "
  • how much it will cost
    • ", + "

    Voluntary contributions do not always increase your State Pension. Contact the Future Pension Centre to find out if you\u2019ll benefit from voluntary contributions.

    ", + "

    Ways to pay

    ", + "

    You can pay monthly via Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you want to:

    ", + "
  • pay quarterly - they\u2019ll send you a bill every July, October, January and April
    • ", + "
  • make a one-off payment
    • ", + "

    Make sure you pay HMRC by the deadline you\u2019re given. The amount of time you\u2019ll need to allow depends on how you pay.

    ", + "

    Same or next day

    ", + "

    You can make same or next day payments:

    ", + "
  • by online or telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • by CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "

    You can pay within 3 days by BACS.

    ", + "

    You currently cannot pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    ", + "

    Direct Debit

    ", + "

    To set up monthly payments, download and send the Direct Debit form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    HMRC will write within 21 days to confirm your Direct Debit is set up.

    ", + "

    Payments appear on your statement as \u2018HMRC NI-DD\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your debits usually start in May. If you\u2019re setting up the Direct Debit after May and you need to pay arrears, you can do this through your first payment.

    ", + "

    Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs

    ", + "

    Make your payment to the following HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account, unless you\u2019re paying from overseas.

    ", + "Sort code | Account number | Account name", + "08 32 20 | 12001004 | HMRC NICO Telephone banking", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    Use your reference number when making your payment. You\u2019ll find it on your bill.

    ", + "

    For quarterly payments, your number will be 18 characters beginning with 11.

    ", + "

    For one-off payments, your number will be 18 characters beginning with 60.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you do not have a reference number.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Payments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.

    ", + "

    CHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.

    ", + "

    Bacs payments usually take 3 working days.

    ", + "

    Check your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.

    ", + "

    Overseas payments

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying from abroad, the account you pay into depends on whether you\u2019re using a UK or non-UK account.

    ", + "Account type | Sort code | Account number", + "UK | 20 20 48 | 30944793", + "Account type | Account number (IBAN) | Bank Identifier Code (BIC)", + "Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22", + "

    For either account, pay to account name \u2018HMRC NIC receipts\u2019.

    ", + "

    Reference number

    ", + "

    Use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019, your surname then your initial. If your bank limits you to a certain amount of characters, you should use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019 and as much of your surname as possible.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employer paying for an employee living abroad, you should use your 13-character employer number.

    ", + "

    Banking address

    ", + "

    HMRC\u2019s banking address is:

    ", + "

    At your bank or building society

    ", + "

    Pay at a branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need the payslip HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent with your bill.

    ", + "

    Some branches might be closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.

    ", + "

    Write your Class 3 National Insurance reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip provided by HMRC.

    ", + "

    HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account, if you pay between Monday and Friday.

    ", + "

    By cheque through the post

    ", + "

    You cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can still make payments:

    ", + "
  • by online or telephone banking
    • ", + "
  • by CHAPS or BACS
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020

    ", + "

    Call HMRC if you want to check your payment has been received.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/voluntary-national-insurance-contributions": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/voluntary-national-insurance-contributions", + "title": "Voluntary National Insurance", + "content": "## Gaps in your National Insurance record\n\nYou may get gaps in your record if you do not pay National Insurance or do not get National Insurance credits. This could be because you were:\n\n- employed but had low earnings\n\n- unemployed and were not claiming benefits\n\n- self-employed but did not pay contributions because of small profits\n\n- living abroad\n\nGaps can mean you will not have enough years of National Insurance contributions to get the full State Pension (sometimes called \u2018qualifying years\u2019).\n\nYou may be able to pay voluntary contributions to fill any gaps if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Check your record for gaps\n\nCheck your National Insurance record to find out:\n\n- if you have any gaps\n\n- if you\u2019re eligible to pay voluntary contributions\n\n- how much it will cost\n\nYou may also be eligible for National Insurance credits if you claim benefits because you cannot work, are unemployed or caring for someone full time.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think your National Insurance record is wrong.\n\n## Decide if you want to pay voluntary contributions\n\nVoluntary contributions do not always increase your State Pension. Contact the Future Pension Centre to find out if you\u2019ll benefit from voluntary contributions.\n\nYou may also want to get financial advice before you decide to make voluntary contributions.\n\n## Why you might want to pay voluntary contributions\n\nYou may want to pay voluntary contributions because:\n\n- you\u2019re close to State Pension age and do not have enough qualifying years to get the full State Pension\n\n- you know you will not be able to get the qualifying years you need to get the full State Pension during your working life\n\n- you\u2019re self-employed and do not have to pay Class 2 contributions because you have low profits\n\n- you live outside the UK, but you want to qualify for some benefits\n\n## Self-employed people with specific jobs\n\nSome people do not pay Class 2 contributions through Self Assessment, but may want to pay voluntary contributions. These are:\n\n- examiners, moderators, invigilators and people who set exam questions\n\n- people who run businesses involving land or property\n\n- ministers of religion who do not receive a salary or stipend\n\n- people who make investments for themselves or others - but not as a business and without getting a fee or commission\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be eligible to pay voluntary National Insurance contributions for the time that the contributions cover.\n\nYou can usually only pay for gaps in your National Insurance record from the past 6 years.\n\nYou can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago depending on your age.\n\n## Who can pay voluntary contributions\n\nThese tables explain who\u2019s eligible to pay Class 2 or Class 3 contributions.\n\n| Your situation | Which class to pay |\n\n| Employed but earning under \u00a3120 a week and not eligible for National Insurance credits | Class 3 |\n\n| Self-employed with profits under \u00a36,515 | Class 2 or Class 3 - they count towards different benefits |\n\n| Both employed and self-employed, with low earnings and small profits | Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to check if you have a gap and how much you need to pay |\n\n| Self-employed as an examiner, minister of religion or in an investment or land and property business | Class 2 or Class 3 - they count towards different benefits |\n\n| Living and working abroad | Class 2 - but only if you worked in the UK immediately before leaving, and you\u2019ve previously lived in the UK for at least 3 years in a row or paid at least 3 years of contributions |\n\n| Living abroad but not working | Class 3 - but only if at some point you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years in a row or paid at least 3 years of contributions |\n\n| Unemployed and not claiming benefits | Class 3 |\n\n| Married woman or widow who stopped paying reduced rates | Class 3 |\n\nYou cannot pay voluntary contributions if:\n\n- you\u2019re eligible for National Insurance credits\n\n- you\u2019re a married woman or widow paying reduced rates\n\n## If you\u2019re over State Pension age\n\n| Your situation | Which class to pay |\n\n| You\u2019ve reached State Pension age and want to fill in gaps in your National Insurance record | Class 3 |\n\n## Rates\n\nThe rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:\n\n- \u00a33.05 a week for Class 2\n\n- \u00a315.40 a week for Class 3\n\nYou usually pay the current rate when you make a voluntary contribution.\n\n## If you\u2019re a man born after 5 April 1951 or a woman born after 5 April 1953\n\nYou can pay voluntary contributions by 5 April 2023 to make up for gaps between 6 April 2006 and 5 April 2016.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay the current rate.\n\n## When you pay different rates\n\nIf you\u2019re paying Class 2 contributions for the previous tax year or Class 3 contributions for the previous 2 tax years, you pay the original rate for those tax years.\n\nCall HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have questions about voluntary National Insurance.\n\n## How and when to pay\n\nFind out how to:\n\n- pay Class 2 voluntary contributions\n\n- pay Class 3 voluntary contributions\n\nIf you\u2019re living abroad, read leaflet NI38 and fill in form CF83 (found at the end). Send it back to HMRC using the address on the form.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou can usually pay voluntary contributions for the past 6 years. The deadline is 5 April each year.\n\nYou can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago, depending on your age.\n\n## You\u2019re a man born after 5 April 1951 or a woman born after 5 April 1953\n\nYou have until 5 April 2023 to pay voluntary contributions to make up for gaps between April 2006 and April 2016.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Gaps in your National Insurance record

    ", + "

    You may get gaps in your record if you do not pay National Insurance or do not get National Insurance credits. This could be because you were:

    ", + "
  • employed but had low earnings
    • ", + "
  • unemployed and were not claiming benefits
    • ", + "
  • self-employed but did not pay contributions because of small profits
    • ", + "
  • living abroad
    • ", + "

    Gaps can mean you will not have enough years of National Insurance contributions to get the full State Pension (sometimes called \u2018qualifying years\u2019).

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay voluntary contributions to fill any gaps if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Check your record for gaps

    ", + "

    Check your National Insurance record to find out:

    ", + "
  • if you have any gaps
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re eligible to pay voluntary contributions
    • ", + "
  • how much it will cost
    • ", + "

    You may also be eligible for National Insurance credits if you claim benefits because you cannot work, are unemployed or caring for someone full time.

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think your National Insurance record is wrong.

    ", + "

    Decide if you want to pay voluntary contributions

    ", + "

    Voluntary contributions do not always increase your State Pension. Contact the Future Pension Centre to find out if you\u2019ll benefit from voluntary contributions.

    ", + "

    You may also want to get financial advice before you decide to make voluntary contributions.

    ", + "

    Why you might want to pay voluntary contributions

    ", + "

    You may want to pay voluntary contributions because:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re close to State Pension age and do not have enough qualifying years to get the full State Pension
    • ", + "
  • you know you will not be able to get the qualifying years you need to get the full State Pension during your working life
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-employed and do not have to pay Class 2 contributions because you have low profits
    • ", + "
  • you live outside the UK, but you want to qualify for some benefits
    • ", + "

    Self-employed people with specific jobs

    ", + "

    Some people do not pay Class 2 contributions through Self Assessment, but may want to pay voluntary contributions. These are:

    ", + "
  • examiners, moderators, invigilators and people who set exam questions
    • ", + "
  • people who run businesses involving land or property
    • ", + "
  • ministers of religion who do not receive a salary or stipend
    • ", + "
  • people who make investments for themselves or others - but not as a business and without getting a fee or commission
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must be eligible to pay voluntary National Insurance contributions for the time that the contributions cover.

    ", + "

    You can usually only pay for gaps in your National Insurance record from the past 6 years.

    ", + "

    You can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago depending on your age.

    ", + "

    Who can pay voluntary contributions

    ", + "

    These tables explain who\u2019s eligible to pay Class 2 or Class 3 contributions.

    ", + "Your situation | Which class to pay", + "Employed but earning under \u00a3120 a week and not eligible for National Insurance credits | Class 3", + "Self-employed with profits under \u00a36,515 | Class 2 or Class 3 - they count towards different benefits", + "Both employed and self-employed, with low earnings and small profits | Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to check if you have a gap and how much you need to pay", + "Self-employed as an examiner, minister of religion or in an investment or land and property business | Class 2 or Class 3 - they count towards different benefits", + "Living and working abroad | Class 2 - but only if you worked in the UK immediately before leaving, and you\u2019ve previously lived in the UK for at least 3 years in a row or paid at least 3 years of contributions", + "Living abroad but not working | Class 3 - but only if at some point you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years in a row or paid at least 3 years of contributions", + "Unemployed and not claiming benefits | Class 3", + "Married woman or widow who stopped paying reduced rates | Class 3", + "

    You cannot pay voluntary contributions if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re eligible for National Insurance credits
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a married woman or widow paying reduced rates
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re over State Pension age

    ", + "Your situation | Which class to pay", + "You\u2019ve reached State Pension age and want to fill in gaps in your National Insurance record | Class 3", + "

    Rates

    ", + "

    The rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33.05 a week for Class 2
    • ", + "
  • \u00a315.40 a week for Class 3
    • ", + "

    You usually pay the current rate when you make a voluntary contribution.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a man born after 5 April 1951 or a woman born after 5 April 1953

    ", + "

    You can pay voluntary contributions by 5 April 2023 to make up for gaps between 6 April 2006 and 5 April 2016.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay the current rate.

    ", + "

    When you pay different rates

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying Class 2 contributions for the previous tax year or Class 3 contributions for the previous 2 tax years, you pay the original rate for those tax years.

    ", + "

    Call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have questions about voluntary National Insurance.

    ", + "

    How and when to pay

    ", + "

    Find out how to:

    ", + "
  • pay Class 2 voluntary contributions
    • ", + "
  • pay Class 3 voluntary contributions
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re living abroad, read leaflet NI38 and fill in form CF83 (found at the end). Send it back to HMRC using the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    You can usually pay voluntary contributions for the past 6 years. The deadline is 5 April each year.

    ", + "

    You can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago, depending on your age.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a man born after 5 April 1951 or a woman born after 5 April 1953

    ", + "

    You have until 5 April 2023 to pay voluntary contributions to make up for gaps between April 2006 and April 2016.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/working-abroad": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-abroad", + "title": "Work in an EU country", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou\u2019ll need a work permit to work in most EU countries if you\u2019re a UK citizen.\n\nIn most cases, you\u2019ll need a job offer from your chosen country so that you can get a visa to move there.\n\nCheck with the UK-based embassy of the country you want to work in to see what you need to do.\n\nIf you want to work in an EU country, check the country\u2019s living in guide for updates.\n\n## If you moved to the EU before 1 January 2021\n\nIf you were legally living in an EU country before 1 January 2021, your right to work will be protected as long as you carry on living there. This is because you are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement.\n\nYou\u2019re also protected by the Withdrawal Agreement if you started working in one EU country and living in a different EU country or the UK, before 1 January 2021.\n\nYou\u2019ll have the same rights as nationals of the country you\u2019re working in when it comes to working conditions, pay and social security (for example, benefits).\n\n## Healthcare and insurance\n\nYou can use a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) or UK Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC) if you\u2019re working in an EU country for up to 3 months. Your EHIC or GHIC gives you access to free or cheaper state-provided medical treatment.\n\nSome UK-issued EHICs may no longer be valid in Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein.\n\nFind out more about the EHIC and GHIC, including who can get them, where they\u2019re valid and how to apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re planning to work in an EEA country or Switzerland for longer, you may need to:\n\n- register as a resident and pay social security contributions to use the state healthcare system in that country\n\n- take out private health insurance\n\nEach country\u2019s healthcare system is different and you may have to pay for treatment you\u2019d get for free on the NHS.\n\nFind out more in the country healthcare guides.\n\nYou usually have to pay for any medical treatment outside of the EEA, but you can get free or reduced cost treatment in some other countries.\n\n## Working abroad for a UK employer\n\nIf you are sent to work abroad temporarily, your employer must follow some of the employment rules of the country you\u2019re sent to work in.\n\nFind out about the employment rules for a country by contacting its UK-based embassy.\n\nYou can also read guidance for business travellers visiting Europe.\n\n## Tax\n\nYou might still have to pay UK Income Tax, depending on what your \u2018residency status\u2019 will be in the country you\u2019re going to (for example, if you\u2019ll be a temporary or permanent resident).\n\nFill in form P85 to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve left or are about to leave the UK to live or work abroad. Fill in the form and send it to HMRC.\n\nHMRC will tell you how your tax will be affected.\n\n## National Insurance\n\nYou might be able to pay National Insurance while you\u2019re working abroad, depending on where you\u2019re working and how long for.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, you can keep paying National Insurance to protect your State Pension and entitlement to other benefits.\n\n## Your circumstances change\n\nContact HMRC if your circumstances change when you\u2019re abroad, for example if you move house or your marital status changes. You\u2019ll need your National Insurance number.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a work permit to work in most EU countries if you\u2019re a UK citizen.

    ", + "

    In most cases, you\u2019ll need a job offer from your chosen country so that you can get a visa to move there.

    ", + "

    Check with the UK-based embassy of the country you want to work in to see what you need to do.

    ", + "

    If you want to work in an EU country, check the country\u2019s living in guide for updates.

    ", + "

    If you moved to the EU before 1 January 2021

    ", + "

    If you were legally living in an EU country before 1 January 2021, your right to work will be protected as long as you carry on living there. This is because you are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also protected by the Withdrawal Agreement if you started working in one EU country and living in a different EU country or the UK, before 1 January 2021.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have the same rights as nationals of the country you\u2019re working in when it comes to working conditions, pay and social security (for example, benefits).

    ", + "

    Healthcare and insurance

    ", + "

    You can use a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) or UK Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC) if you\u2019re working in an EU country for up to 3 months. Your EHIC or GHIC gives you access to free or cheaper state-provided medical treatment.

    ", + "

    Some UK-issued EHICs may no longer be valid in Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein.

    ", + "

    Find out more about the EHIC and GHIC, including who can get them, where they\u2019re valid and how to apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re planning to work in an EEA country or Switzerland for longer, you may need to:

    ", + "
  • register as a resident and pay social security contributions to use the state healthcare system in that country
    • ", + "
  • take out private health insurance
    • ", + "

    Each country\u2019s healthcare system is different and you may have to pay for treatment you\u2019d get for free on the NHS.

    ", + "

    Find out more in the country healthcare guides.

    ", + "

    You usually have to pay for any medical treatment outside of the EEA, but you can get free or reduced cost treatment in some other countries.

    ", + "

    Working abroad for a UK employer

    ", + "

    If you are sent to work abroad temporarily, your employer must follow some of the employment rules of the country you\u2019re sent to work in.

    ", + "

    Find out about the employment rules for a country by contacting its UK-based embassy.

    ", + "

    You can also read guidance for business travellers visiting Europe.

    ", + "

    Tax

    ", + "

    You might still have to pay UK Income Tax, depending on what your \u2018residency status\u2019 will be in the country you\u2019re going to (for example, if you\u2019ll be a temporary or permanent resident).

    ", + "

    Fill in form P85 to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve left or are about to leave the UK to live or work abroad. Fill in the form and send it to HMRC.

    ", + "

    HMRC will tell you how your tax will be affected.

    ", + "

    National Insurance

    ", + "

    You might be able to pay National Insurance while you\u2019re working abroad, depending on where you\u2019re working and how long for.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, you can keep paying National Insurance to protect your State Pension and entitlement to other benefits.

    ", + "

    Your circumstances change

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if your circumstances change when you\u2019re abroad, for example if you move house or your marital status changes. You\u2019ll need your National Insurance number.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/self-employed-records": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-employed-records", + "title": "Business records if you're self-employed", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must keep records of your business income and expenses for your tax return if you\u2019re self-employed as a:\n\n- sole trader\n\n- partner in a business partnership\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to keep records of your personal income.\n\nIf you\u2019re the nominated partner in a partnership, you must also keep records for the partnership.\n\nThere are different rules on keeping records for limited companies.\n\n## Accounting methods\n\nYou\u2019ll need to choose an accounting method.\n\n## Traditional accounting\n\nMany businesses use traditional accounting where you record income and expenses by the date you invoiced or were billed.\n\n## Cash basis accounting\n\nMost small businesses with an income of \u00a3150,000 or less can use cash basis reporting.\n\nWith this method, you only record income or expenses when you receive money or pay a bill. This means you will not need to pay Income Tax on money you have not yet received in your accounting period.\n\n## What records to keep\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep records of:\n\n- all sales and income\n\n- all business expenses\n\n- VAT records if you\u2019re registered for VAT\n\n- PAYE records if you employ people\n\n- records about your personal income\n\n- your grant, if you claimed through the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme because of coronavirus\n\n## Why you keep records\n\nYou do not need to send your records in when you submit your tax return but you need to keep them so you can:\n\n- work out your profit or loss for your tax return\n\n- show them to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if asked\n\nYou must make sure your records are accurate.\n\n## Keep proof\n\nTypes of proof include:\n\n- all receipts for goods and stock\n\n- bank statements, chequebook stubs\n\n- sales invoices, till rolls and bank slips\n\n## If you\u2019re using traditional accounting\n\nAs well as the standard records, you\u2019ll also need to keep further records so that your tax return includes:\n\n- what you\u2019re owed but have not received yet\n\n- what you\u2019ve committed to spend but have not paid out yet, for example you\u2019ve received an invoice but have not paid it yet\n\n- the value of stock and work in progress at the end of your accounting period\n\n- your year end bank balances\n\n- how much you\u2019ve invested in the business in the year\n\n- how much money you\u2019ve taken out for your own use\n\n## How long to keep your records\n\nYou must keep your records for at least 5 years after the 31 January submission deadline of the relevant tax year. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\n## Very late returns\n\nIf you send your tax return more than 4 years after the deadline, you\u2019ll need to keep your records for 15 months after you send your tax return.\n\n## If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed\n\nIf you cannot replace your records, you must do your best to provide figures. Tell HMRC when you file your tax return if you\u2019re using:\n\n- estimated figures - your best guess when you cannot provide the actual figures\n\n- provisional figures - your temporary estimated figures while you wait for actual figures (you\u2019ll also need to submit actual figures when available)", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must keep records of your business income and expenses for your tax return if you\u2019re self-employed as a:

    ", + "
  • sole trader
    • ", + "
  • partner in a business partnership
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to keep records of your personal income.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the nominated partner in a partnership, you must also keep records for the partnership.

    ", + "

    There are different rules on keeping records for limited companies.

    ", + "

    Accounting methods

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to choose an accounting method.

    ", + "

    Traditional accounting

    ", + "

    Many businesses use traditional accounting where you record income and expenses by the date you invoiced or were billed.

    ", + "

    Cash basis accounting

    ", + "

    Most small businesses with an income of \u00a3150,000 or less can use cash basis reporting.

    ", + "

    With this method, you only record income or expenses when you receive money or pay a bill. This means you will not need to pay Income Tax on money you have not yet received in your accounting period.

    ", + "

    What records to keep

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep records of:

    ", + "
  • all sales and income
    • ", + "
  • all business expenses
    • ", + "
  • VAT records if you\u2019re registered for VAT
    • ", + "
  • PAYE records if you employ people
    • ", + "
  • records about your personal income
    • ", + "
  • your grant, if you claimed through the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme because of coronavirus
    • ", + "

    Why you keep records

    ", + "

    You do not need to send your records in when you submit your tax return but you need to keep them so you can:

    ", + "
  • work out your profit or loss for your tax return
    • ", + "
  • show them to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if asked
    • ", + "

    You must make sure your records are accurate.

    ", + "

    Keep proof

    ", + "

    Types of proof include:

    ", + "
  • all receipts for goods and stock
    • ", + "
  • bank statements, chequebook stubs
    • ", + "
  • sales invoices, till rolls and bank slips
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re using traditional accounting

    ", + "

    As well as the standard records, you\u2019ll also need to keep further records so that your tax return includes:

    ", + "
  • what you\u2019re owed but have not received yet
    • ", + "
  • what you\u2019ve committed to spend but have not paid out yet, for example you\u2019ve received an invoice but have not paid it yet
    • ", + "
  • the value of stock and work in progress at the end of your accounting period
    • ", + "
  • your year end bank balances
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019ve invested in the business in the year
    • ", + "
  • how much money you\u2019ve taken out for your own use
    • ", + "

    How long to keep your records

    ", + "

    You must keep your records for at least 5 years after the 31 January submission deadline of the relevant tax year. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.

    ", + "

    Very late returns

    ", + "

    If you send your tax return more than 4 years after the deadline, you\u2019ll need to keep your records for 15 months after you send your tax return.

    ", + "

    If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed

    ", + "

    If you cannot replace your records, you must do your best to provide figures. Tell HMRC when you file your tax return if you\u2019re using:

    ", + "
  • estimated figures - your best guess when you cannot provide the actual figures
    • ", + "
  • provisional figures - your temporary estimated figures while you wait for actual figures (you\u2019ll also need to submit actual figures when available)
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/keeping-your-pay-tax-records": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/keeping-your-pay-tax-records", + "title": "Keeping your pay and tax records", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou need to keep records if you have to send HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your records to fill in your tax return correctly. If HMRC checks your tax return, they may ask for the documents.\n\nYou must also keep records for business income and outgoings if you\u2019re self-employed.\n\n## How to keep your records\n\nThere are no rules on how you must keep records. You can keep them on paper, digitally or as part of a software program (like book-keeping software).\n\nHMRC can charge you a penalty if your records are not accurate, complete and readable.\n\n## Lost or destroyed records\n\nTry to get copies of as much as you can, for example ask banks for copies of statements, suppliers for duplicate invoice etc.\n\nYou can use \u2018provisional\u2019 or \u2018estimated\u2019 figures if you cannot recreate all your records. You must use the \u2018Any other information\u2019 box on the tax return to say that this is what you\u2019re doing.\n\n\u2018Provisional\u2019 means you\u2019ll be able to get paperwork to confirm your figures later. \u2018Estimated\u2019 means you will not be able to confirm the figures.\n\nYou may have to pay interest and penalties if your figures turn out to be wrong and you have not paid enough tax.\n\n## How long to keep your records\n\nYou must keep records about your business income and costs for longer if you\u2019re self-employed.\n\nHow long you should keep your records depends on whether you send your tax return before or after the deadline.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\n## Tax returns sent on or before the deadline\n\nYou should keep your records for at least 22 months after the end of the tax year the tax return is for.\n\n## Tax returns sent after the deadline\n\nYou should keep your records for at least 15 months after you sent the tax return.\n\n## Employees and limited company directors\n\n## Income from employment\n\nYou should keep documents about your pay and tax, including:\n\n- your P45 - if you leave your job, this shows your pay and tax to the date you left\n\n- your P60 - if you\u2019re in a job on 5 April, this shows your pay and tax for the tax year\n\n- form P11D - this shows your expenses and benefits, like a company car or health insurance\n\n- certificates for any Taxed Award Schemes\n\n- information about any redundancy or termination payment\n\nContact your employer if you do not have your P60, P45 or form P11D.\n\nYou should also keep details of any other income or benefits from your job, including:\n\n- any tips received (unless your employer pays them through the \u2018tronc\u2019 system, which means they will have deducted tax already)\n\n- benefits you get in connection with your job from someone other than your employer, like meal vouchers\n\n- any lump sum payments not included on your P60 or P45, like incentive payments or \u2018golden hellos\u2019 (payments you get to encourage you to take a new job)\n\n## Expense records\n\nIf you\u2019ve had to pay for things like tools, travel or specialist clothing for work, you may be able to claim for these to reduce the tax you\u2019ll have to pay. You need to keep a record of these so you can include them in your tax return.\n\n## Benefits records\n\nYou should keep any documents relating to:\n\n- social security benefits\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- Statutory Maternity, Paternity or Adoption Pay\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n## Income from employee share schemes or share-related benefits\n\nYou should keep:\n\n- copies of share option certificates and exercise notices\n\n- letters about any changes to your options\n\n- information about what you paid for your shares and the relevant dates\n\n- details of any benefits you\u2019ve received as an employee shareholder\n\n## Savings, investments and pensions\n\nYou should keep all:\n\n- bank or building society statements and passbooks\n\n- statements of interest and income from your savings and investments\n\n- tax deduction certificates from your bank\n\n- dividend vouchers you get from UK companies\n\n- unit trust tax vouchers\n\n- documents that show the profits you\u2019ve made from life insurance policies (called \u2018chargeable event certificates\u2019)\n\n- details of income you get from a trust\n\n- details of any out-of-the ordinary income you\u2019ve received, like an inheritance\n\n## Pension information\n\nYou should keep:\n\n- form P160 (Part 1A) which you got when your pension started\n\n- form P60 which your pension provider sends you every year\n\n- any other details of a pension (including State Pension) and the tax deducted from it\n\n## Rental income\n\nYou should keep details of:\n\n- the dates when you let out your property\n\n- all rent you get\n\n- any income from services you give to tenants (for example if you charge for maintenance or repairs)\n\n- rent books, receipts, invoices and bank statements\n\n- allowable expenses you pay to run your property (for example services you pay for such as cleaning or gardening)\n\nThere are rules about what you can and cannot claim as expenses on your tax return.\n\n## Capital gains or losses\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) certain assets that have gone up in value since you got them.\n\nYou must make sure you keep the correct records.\n\n## Overseas income\n\nYou should keep:\n\n- evidence of income you\u2019ve earned from overseas, like payslips, bank statements or payment confirmations\n\n- receipts for any overseas expenses you want to claim to reduce your tax bill\n\n- dividend certificates from overseas companies\n\n- certificates or other proof of the tax you\u2019ve already paid - either in the UK or overseas", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You need to keep records if you have to send HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your records to fill in your tax return correctly. If HMRC checks your tax return, they may ask for the documents.

    ", + "

    You must also keep records for business income and outgoings if you\u2019re self-employed.

    ", + "

    How to keep your records

    ", + "

    There are no rules on how you must keep records. You can keep them on paper, digitally or as part of a software program (like book-keeping software).

    ", + "

    HMRC can charge you a penalty if your records are not accurate, complete and readable.

    ", + "

    Lost or destroyed records

    ", + "

    Try to get copies of as much as you can, for example ask banks for copies of statements, suppliers for duplicate invoice etc.

    ", + "

    You can use \u2018provisional\u2019 or \u2018estimated\u2019 figures if you cannot recreate all your records. You must use the \u2018Any other information\u2019 box on the tax return to say that this is what you\u2019re doing.

    ", + "

    \u2018Provisional\u2019 means you\u2019ll be able to get paperwork to confirm your figures later. \u2018Estimated\u2019 means you will not be able to confirm the figures.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay interest and penalties if your figures turn out to be wrong and you have not paid enough tax.

    ", + "

    How long to keep your records

    ", + "

    You must keep records about your business income and costs for longer if you\u2019re self-employed.

    ", + "

    How long you should keep your records depends on whether you send your tax return before or after the deadline.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.

    ", + "

    Tax returns sent on or before the deadline

    ", + "

    You should keep your records for at least 22 months after the end of the tax year the tax return is for.

    ", + "

    Tax returns sent after the deadline

    ", + "

    You should keep your records for at least 15 months after you sent the tax return.

    ", + "

    Employees and limited company directors

    ", + "

    Income from employment

    ", + "

    You should keep documents about your pay and tax, including:

    ", + "
  • your P45 - if you leave your job, this shows your pay and tax to the date you left
    • ", + "
  • your P60 - if you\u2019re in a job on 5 April, this shows your pay and tax for the tax year
    • ", + "
  • form P11D - this shows your expenses and benefits, like a company car or health insurance
    • ", + "
  • certificates for any Taxed Award Schemes
    • ", + "
  • information about any redundancy or termination payment
    • ", + "

    Contact your employer if you do not have your P60, P45 or form P11D.

    ", + "

    You should also keep details of any other income or benefits from your job, including:

    ", + "
  • any tips received (unless your employer pays them through the \u2018tronc\u2019 system, which means they will have deducted tax already)
    • ", + "
  • benefits you get in connection with your job from someone other than your employer, like meal vouchers
    • ", + "
  • any lump sum payments not included on your P60 or P45, like incentive payments or \u2018golden hellos\u2019 (payments you get to encourage you to take a new job)
    • ", + "

    Expense records

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve had to pay for things like tools, travel or specialist clothing for work, you may be able to claim for these to reduce the tax you\u2019ll have to pay. You need to keep a record of these so you can include them in your tax return.

    ", + "

    Benefits records

    ", + "

    You should keep any documents relating to:

    ", + "
  • social security benefits
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Sick Pay
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Maternity, Paternity or Adoption Pay
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    Income from employee share schemes or share-related benefits

    ", + "

    You should keep:

    ", + "
  • copies of share option certificates and exercise notices
    • ", + "
  • letters about any changes to your options
    • ", + "
  • information about what you paid for your shares and the relevant dates
    • ", + "
  • details of any benefits you\u2019ve received as an employee shareholder
    • ", + "

    Savings, investments and pensions

    ", + "

    You should keep all:

    ", + "
  • bank or building society statements and passbooks
    • ", + "
  • statements of interest and income from your savings and investments
    • ", + "
  • tax deduction certificates from your bank
    • ", + "
  • dividend vouchers you get from UK companies
    • ", + "
  • unit trust tax vouchers
    • ", + "
  • documents that show the profits you\u2019ve made from life insurance policies (called \u2018chargeable event certificates\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • details of income you get from a trust
    • ", + "
  • details of any out-of-the ordinary income you\u2019ve received, like an inheritance
    • ", + "

    Pension information

    ", + "

    You should keep:

    ", + "
  • form P160 (Part 1A) which you got when your pension started
    • ", + "
  • form P60 which your pension provider sends you every year
    • ", + "
  • any other details of a pension (including State Pension) and the tax deducted from it
    • ", + "

    Rental income

    ", + "

    You should keep details of:

    ", + "
  • the dates when you let out your property
    • ", + "
  • all rent you get
    • ", + "
  • any income from services you give to tenants (for example if you charge for maintenance or repairs)
    • ", + "
  • rent books, receipts, invoices and bank statements
    • ", + "
  • allowable expenses you pay to run your property (for example services you pay for such as cleaning or gardening)
    • ", + "

    There are rules about what you can and cannot claim as expenses on your tax return.

    ", + "

    Capital gains or losses

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) certain assets that have gone up in value since you got them.

    ", + "

    You must make sure you keep the correct records.

    ", + "

    Overseas income

    ", + "

    You should keep:

    ", + "
  • evidence of income you\u2019ve earned from overseas, like payslips, bank statements or payment confirmations
    • ", + "
  • receipts for any overseas expenses you want to claim to reduce your tax bill
    • ", + "
  • dividend certificates from overseas companies
    • ", + "
  • certificates or other proof of the tax you\u2019ve already paid - either in the UK or overseas
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/register-for-self-assessment": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-for-self-assessment", + "title": "Register for Self Assessment", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must register for Self Assessment if you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year.\n\nThere are different ways to register if you\u2019re:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- not self-employed\n\n- registering a partner or partnership\n\n## Register if you\u2019re self-employed\n\nIf you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year, you need to register for Self Assessment and Class 2 National Insurance.\n\nRegister by 5 October in your business\u2019s second tax year. You could be fined if you do not.\n\n## If you have not filed a return online before\n\n- Register online. Once you\u2019ve completed the questions, HMRC will create your account.\n\n- You\u2019ll receive a letter with your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) number within 10 days (21 if you\u2019re abroad). You\u2019ll need your UTR to file a return.\n\n- You\u2019ll then receive another letter with an activation code for your account. You can get a new activation code if you do not receive it or you lose it.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.\n\n## If you\u2019ve filed a return online before\n\nRe-register online (form CWF1) if the work you plan to do is different from what you did before.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) from when you registered before. You can find your UTR if you do not know it.\n\nYou\u2019ll receive a letter with a new account activation code 10 days later (21 if you\u2019re abroad).\n\nOnce you\u2019ve reactivated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.\n\nIf the work you plan to do is the same as you did before, sign in to your account.\n\n## If you\u2019ve filed before but you did not use the online service\n\nCreate an account for the online service using your UTR. You can find your UTR if you do not know it.\n\nYou\u2019ll receive a letter with an activation code for your account.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.\n\n## Other ways to register\n\nYou can fill in this form on-screen then print off and post to HMRC. You\u2019ll need to have all your information ready as you cannot save a partly completed form.\n\nIf you\u2019re using an older browser, for example Internet Explorer 8, you\u2019ll need to update it or use a different browser. Find out more about browsers.\n\n## Register if you're not self-employed\n\nIf you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year, you need to register for Self Assessment by 5 October.\n\n## If you have not filed online before\n\n- Register using form SA1.\n\n- After you register, you\u2019ll receive your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) number in the post within 10 working days (21 if you\u2019re abroad).\n\n- Create your online account.\n\n- Sign up for Self Assessment online - you\u2019ll need your UTR to do this.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an activation code for your new account in the post within 7 working days of signing up (21 if you\u2019re abroad). When you get the code, sign in to send your return.\n\nYou can replace an activation code if you do not receive it or you lose it.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time.\n\n## If you\u2019ve filed online before\n\nSign in to your existing account.\n\n## Register if you're a partner or partnership\n\nYou must register for Self Assessment by 5 October if you\u2019re a partner in a partnership.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your partnership\u2019s 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR). You can find a UTR if you\u2019ve lost it.\n\nYou must also register your partnership if you\u2019re the \u2018nominated partner\u2019.\n\nThere are different ways to register:\n\n- for limited liability partnerships\n\n- if you\u2019re a partner that\u2019s not an individual, for example a company or trust", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must register for Self Assessment if you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to register if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • self-employed
    • ", + "
  • not self-employed
    • ", + "
  • registering a partner or partnership
    • ", + "

    Register if you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    If you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year, you need to register for Self Assessment and Class 2 National Insurance.

    ", + "

    Register by 5 October in your business\u2019s second tax year. You could be fined if you do not.

    ", + "

    If you have not filed a return online before

    ", + "
  • Register online. Once you\u2019ve completed the questions, HMRC will create your account.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll receive a letter with your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) number within 10 days (21 if you\u2019re abroad). You\u2019ll need your UTR to file a return.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll then receive another letter with an activation code for your account. You can get a new activation code if you do not receive it or you lose it.
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve filed a return online before

    ", + "

    Re-register online (form CWF1) if the work you plan to do is different from what you did before.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) from when you registered before. You can find your UTR if you do not know it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive a letter with a new account activation code 10 days later (21 if you\u2019re abroad).

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve reactivated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.

    ", + "

    If the work you plan to do is the same as you did before, sign in to your account.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve filed before but you did not use the online service

    ", + "

    Create an account for the online service using your UTR. You can find your UTR if you do not know it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive a letter with an activation code for your account.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.

    ", + "

    Other ways to register

    ", + "

    You can fill in this form on-screen then print off and post to HMRC. You\u2019ll need to have all your information ready as you cannot save a partly completed form.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using an older browser, for example Internet Explorer 8, you\u2019ll need to update it or use a different browser. Find out more about browsers.

    ", + "

    Register if you're not self-employed

    ", + "

    If you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year, you need to register for Self Assessment by 5 October.

    ", + "

    If you have not filed online before

    ", + "
  • Register using form SA1.
    • ", + "
  • After you register, you\u2019ll receive your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) number in the post within 10 working days (21 if you\u2019re abroad).
    • ", + "
  • Create your online account.
    • ", + "
  • Sign up for Self Assessment online - you\u2019ll need your UTR to do this.
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an activation code for your new account in the post within 7 working days of signing up (21 if you\u2019re abroad). When you get the code, sign in to send your return.

    ", + "

    You can replace an activation code if you do not receive it or you lose it.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve filed online before

    ", + "

    Sign in to your existing account.

    ", + "

    Register if you're a partner or partnership

    ", + "

    You must register for Self Assessment by 5 October if you\u2019re a partner in a partnership.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your partnership\u2019s 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR). You can find a UTR if you\u2019ve lost it.

    ", + "

    You must also register your partnership if you\u2019re the \u2018nominated partner\u2019.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to register:

    ", + "
  • for limited liability partnerships
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re a partner that\u2019s not an individual, for example a company or trust
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vat-building-new-home": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-building-new-home", + "title": "Building a new home and VAT", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a VAT refund on building materials and services if you\u2019re:\n\n- building a new home\n\n- converting a property into a home\n\n- building a non-profit communal residence - eg a hospice\n\n- building a property for a charity\n\nThe building work and materials have to qualify and you must apply to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 3 months of completing the work.\n\nThere is a separate guide to VAT if you\u2019re working in the construction industry.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThe application form has guidance on what building projects and materials qualify for a VAT refund. The basics are listed below.\n\n## New homes\n\nThe home must:\n\n- be separate and self-contained\n\n- be for you or your family to live or holiday in\n\n- not be for business purposes (you can use one room as a work from home office)\n\nBuilders working on new buildings should be zero-rated anyway and you won\u2019t pay any VAT on their services.\n\n## Conversions\n\nThe building being converted must usually be a non-residential building. Residential buildings qualify if they haven\u2019t been lived in for at least 10 years.\n\nYou may claim a refund for builders\u2019 work on a conversion of non-residential building into a home.\n\nFor other conversions builders can charge a reduced VAT rate.\n\n## Communal and charity buildings\n\nYou may get a VAT refund if the building is for one of the following purposes:\n\n- non-business - you can\u2019t charge a fee for the use of the building\n\n- charitable, for example a hospice\n\n- residential, for example a children\u2019s home\n\n## Building materials\n\nYou may claim a VAT refund for building materials that are incorporated into the building and can\u2019t be removed without tools or damaging the building.\n\n## What doesn\u2019t qualify\n\nYou can\u2019t get a VAT refund for:\n\n- building projects in the Channel Islands\n\n- materials or services that don\u2019t have any VAT - for example, they were zero-rated or exempt\n\n- professional or supervisory fees - for example, architects or surveyors\n\n- hiring machinery or equipment\n\n- buildings for business purposes\n\n- buildings that can\u2019t be sold or used separately from another property because of a planning permission condition\n\n- building materials that aren\u2019t permanently attached to or part of the building itself\n\n- fitted furniture, some electrical and gas appliances, carpets or garden ornaments\n\n## How to claim\n\nFill in form 431NB to claim a VAT refund on a new build, or 431C to claim for a conversion.\n\nSend your claim form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou must claim within 3 months of the building work being completed.\n\n## What you need to include\n\nYou must include all the documents listed in the claim form as part of your application.\n\nIf an invoice is in your business\u2019s name, you\u2019ll need proof that you\u2019ve refunded the amount from your personal bank - for example, a bank statement.\n\nVAT invoices must be valid and show the correct rate of VAT or they will not be accepted. For invoices not in sterling, convert the amounts into sterling.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nHMRC will write to you about when you can expect your VAT refund if your claim is successful. They will usually write to you within 6 weeks.\n\n## Help with VAT for building materials\n\nContact HMRC if you have further questions.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a VAT refund on building materials and services if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • building a new home
    • ", + "
  • converting a property into a home
    • ", + "
  • building a non-profit communal residence - eg a hospice
    • ", + "
  • building a property for a charity
    • ", + "

    The building work and materials have to qualify and you must apply to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 3 months of completing the work.

    ", + "

    There is a separate guide to VAT if you\u2019re working in the construction industry.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    The application form has guidance on what building projects and materials qualify for a VAT refund. The basics are listed below.

    ", + "

    New homes

    ", + "

    The home must:

    ", + "
  • be separate and self-contained
    • ", + "
  • be for you or your family to live or holiday in
    • ", + "
  • not be for business purposes (you can use one room as a work from home office)
    • ", + "

    Builders working on new buildings should be zero-rated anyway and you won\u2019t pay any VAT on their services.

    ", + "

    Conversions

    ", + "

    The building being converted must usually be a non-residential building. Residential buildings qualify if they haven\u2019t been lived in for at least 10 years.

    ", + "

    You may claim a refund for builders\u2019 work on a conversion of non-residential building into a home.

    ", + "

    For other conversions builders can charge a reduced VAT rate.

    ", + "

    Communal and charity buildings

    ", + "

    You may get a VAT refund if the building is for one of the following purposes:

    ", + "
  • non-business - you can\u2019t charge a fee for the use of the building
    • ", + "
  • charitable, for example a hospice
    • ", + "
  • residential, for example a children\u2019s home
    • ", + "

    Building materials

    ", + "

    You may claim a VAT refund for building materials that are incorporated into the building and can\u2019t be removed without tools or damaging the building.

    ", + "

    What doesn\u2019t qualify

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t get a VAT refund for:

    ", + "
  • building projects in the Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • materials or services that don\u2019t have any VAT - for example, they were zero-rated or exempt
    • ", + "
  • professional or supervisory fees - for example, architects or surveyors
    • ", + "
  • hiring machinery or equipment
    • ", + "
  • buildings for business purposes
    • ", + "
  • buildings that can\u2019t be sold or used separately from another property because of a planning permission condition
    • ", + "
  • building materials that aren\u2019t permanently attached to or part of the building itself
    • ", + "
  • fitted furniture, some electrical and gas appliances, carpets or garden ornaments
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Fill in form 431NB to claim a VAT refund on a new build, or 431C to claim for a conversion.

    ", + "

    Send your claim form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You must claim within 3 months of the building work being completed.

    ", + "

    What you need to include

    ", + "

    You must include all the documents listed in the claim form as part of your application.

    ", + "

    If an invoice is in your business\u2019s name, you\u2019ll need proof that you\u2019ve refunded the amount from your personal bank - for example, a bank statement.

    ", + "

    VAT invoices must be valid and show the correct rate of VAT or they will not be accepted. For invoices not in sterling, convert the amounts into sterling.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    HMRC will write to you about when you can expect your VAT refund if your claim is successful. They will usually write to you within 6 weeks.

    ", + "

    Help with VAT for building materials

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you have further questions.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-shopping": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-shopping", + "title": "Tax on shopping and services", + "content": "## VAT and duties\n\nVAT is a tax you pay on most goods and services.\n\n| Rate | % of VAT | What the rate applies to |\n\n| Standard | 20% | Most goods and services |\n\n| Reduced rate | 5% | Some goods and services, for example children\u2019s car seats and some energy-saving materials in the home |\n\n| Zero rate | 0% | Zero-rated goods and services, for example most food and children\u2019s clothes |\n\nCheck the VAT rates on different goods and services. Some things are exempt from VAT, such as postage stamps and some financial and property transactions.\n\nVAT is normally included in the price you see in shops, but there are some exceptions.\n\n## VAT and disabled people\n\nYou do not have to pay VAT on certain goods and services if they\u2019re just for your own use and you\u2019re disabled or have a long-term illness.\n\n## Other taxes and duties\n\nYou pay different taxes on:\n\n- alcohol and tobacco\n\n- petrol, diesel and other fuel\n\n- insurance\n\n- goods from abroad if you go over your customs allowance\n\nAirlines have to pay air passenger duty for every flight from the UK. Most airline tickets include a separate charge to cover this cost.\n\nGambling operators (for example, betting shops and websites, casinos or slot machine owners) have to pay gambling duties on profits they make from gambling. Customers do not pay duty on their stake (what they bet or pay to play) or winnings.\n\n## Where you see VAT\n\n## In shops\n\nAny VAT due is already included in the price of something you buy in a shop. No tax is added when you pay.\n\nSome shops in Northern Ireland offer tax-free shopping for visitors.\n\n## In adverts, catalogues and price lists\n\nThis depends on who they\u2019re aimed at. If they\u2019re for:\n\n- the general public only, they\u2019ll show you a price including VAT\n\n- businesses as well as consumers, they might show the price with VAT and without\n\n- businesses only they do not usually include VAT, which is charged on top of the price shown\n\n## On bills and receipts\n\nSometimes VAT is shown on a separate line. This does not mean you\u2019re paying extra - it just shows how much tax is included in the price.\n\nInvoices from suppliers like builders, painters and decorators must show a separate amount for VAT and their VAT registration number.\n\n## How VAT is worked out\n\nWhen someone charges you VAT they multiply their selling price by the VAT rate to calculate the amount of VAT to charge.\n\nThey then add this to the selling price to give you the price you actually pay - this is called the \u2018gross\u2019 price.\n\n## VAT on energy-saving products\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, you\u2019ll pay a reduced rate of VAT (5%) when certain energy-saving products are installed in your home.\n\nYour supplier will charge you the reduced rate on the installation and any extra work that\u2019s part of it.\n\nNot all products or installations qualify for the reduced rate and you cannot buy or install them yourself.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo qualify for the reduced rate, you must be over 60 or getting one or more of the following:\n\n- Child Tax Credit (but not the family element)\n\n- Council Tax Benefit\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n- Personal Independence Payment\n\n- a disablement pension\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-based)\n\n- Income Support\n\n- War Disablement Pension\n\n- Working Tax Credit\n\nYou will also be eligible to get the reduced rate on the products if the total cost of them (not including VAT) is not over 60% of the cost of the installation of the products (not including VAT).\n\nIf your products cost more than 60% of the installation, you\u2019ll only be entitled to the reduced rate on the installation.\n\nYour supplier will be responsible for charging you the correct rate of VAT.\n\n## Energy products that qualify\n\nYou pay the reduced rate of 5% for:\n\n- controls for central heating and hot water systems\n\n- draught stripping, for example insulation fixed around windows and doors to reduce draughts\n\n- insulation on walls, floors, ceilings and lofts\n\n- solar panels\n\n- ground-source heat pumps\n\n- air-source heat pumps\n\n- micro combined heat and power units\n\n- wood-fuelled boilers\n\n## Central heating systems\n\nYou pay the reduced rate of 5% for work funded through energy efficiency grants on the:\n\n- installation of heating appliances\n\n- installation, repair and maintenance of central heating systems\n\n- installation, repair and maintenance of renewable source heating systems\n\nThe reduced rate is only for the grant-funded part of the work.\n\n## Energy products that do not qualify\n\nYou pay the standard rate of VAT for:\n\n- heating appliances or systems - unless you get an energy efficiency grant\n\n- energy efficient boilers\n\n- secondary or double glazing\n\n- low emission glass\n\n- energy efficient fridge freezers\n\n- wind turbines\n\n- water turbines\n\n## VAT on mobility aids\n\nIf you\u2019re over 60, you pay a reduced rate of VAT (5%) on certain mobility aids when you pay for them to be supplied and installed in your home.\n\n## Qualifying products\n\nYou can get the reduced rate on:\n\n- grab rails\n\n- ramps\n\n- stair lifts\n\n- bath lifts\n\n- built-in shower seats or showers containing built-in shower seats\n\n- walk-in baths with sealable doors\n\nYou do not get the reduced rate if you repair or replace the goods after they\u2019ve been installed.\n\nYou do not have to order and pay for the product yourself - a friend, local council, charity or housing association can do it for you.\n\n## How to get the reduced rate\n\nYour supplier should know about the reduced rate and apply it. You qualify if:\n\n- you\u2019re over 60 when the product is supplied or installed\n\n- the product is installed - you do not get the reduced rate if you just buy it\n\n- the product is for a private home, for example your own home or one shared with friends or relatives (a residential care home does not qualify)\n\nYou\u2019ll need to confirm to your supplier in writing that you meet these conditions. They may give you a form, or you can sign your own declaration. Ask a relative, partner or other responsible person if you\u2019re not able to fill it in yourself.\n\n## Declaration: mobility aids for older people\n\nSign and date the declaration, using this standard wording.\n\n## Help from your council\n\nIf you need to adapt your home because of old age you can apply to your council for equipment or help.\n\n## Tax-free shopping\n\nYou can only buy tax-free goods from shops in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) if they\u2019re delivered straight to an address outside the UK. Check with the retailer if they offer this service.\n\nYou may be able to buy tax-free goods from some shops when you visit Northern Ireland. You claim your VAT refund when you leave Northern Ireland or the EU.\n\n## When you may be able to get a VAT refund\n\nYou can sometimes get VAT refunds on goods you buy in Northern Ireland if you:\n\n- visit Northern Ireland and live outside the UK and EU\n\n- work or study in Northern Ireland but normally live outside the UK and EU\n\n- live in Northern Ireland but are leaving the UK and EU for at least 12 months\n\nYou can only get a VAT refund if you take the goods out of Northern Ireland and the EU within 3 months of buying them. Not all retailers offer VAT refunds.\n\n## Taking goods from Northern Ireland to Great Britain\n\nYou will not get a VAT refund if you travel straight from Northern Ireland to Great Britain.\n\nIf you travel from Northern Ireland to Great Britain through another country, the goods will count towards your tax-free personal allowances. You may have to declare them along with other goods you\u2019re carrying when you enter Great Britain and pay import VAT.\n\nThis may mean you have to pay VAT again on the goods from Northern Ireland. If this happens, you can get a refund of the overpaid VAT from the retailer.\n\nCheck the rules on bringing goods into Great Britain.\n\n## How to get a VAT refund\n\n- Get a VAT 407 form from the retailer - they might ask for proof that you\u2019re eligible, for example your passport.\n\n- Show the goods, the completed form and your receipts to customs at the point when you leave Northern Ireland or the EU.\n\n- Customs will approve your form if everything is in order. You then take the approved form to get paid.\n\nIf you\u2019re changing planes in an EU country and checking your goods with your luggage, you must do step 2 in Northern Ireland when you check in.\n\n## Getting paid\n\nYou can either get paid immediately at a refund booth, for example at the airport, or send the approved form to the retailer or their refund company. The retailer will tell you how you\u2019ll get paid.\n\nSome retailers charge a fee for handling your form. This money will be deducted from your refund.\n\nIf there are no customs officials available, you can leave your form in a customs post box. Customs will check it and contact your retailer to arrange the refund if everything is in order.\n\n## Goods you cannot get a refund for\n\nYou cannot get a VAT refund for:\n\n- mail order goods, including internet sales, delivered outside of Northern Ireland\n\n- goods you\u2019ve already used in Northern Ireland or the EU, such as perfume\n\n- service charges, such as hotel bills\n\n- new or used cars\n\n- goods worth more than \u00a3600 exported for business purposes\n\n- goods to be exported as freight\n\n- goods that need an export licence (except antiques)\n\n- unmounted gemstones\n\n- gold over 125g, 2.75 troy ounces or 10 tolas\n\n- a boat you plan to sail to a destination outside Northern Ireland or the EU\n\nFind out more about claiming VAT back on tax-free shopping in Northern Ireland, including travelling to Great Britain and problems like losing your form.\n\n## Alcohol and tobacco duties\n\nTobacco Duty is included in the price you pay for cigarettes, cigars and other tobacco products.\n\nAlcohol duties are included in the price you pay for beer, cider or perry, wine or \u2018made-wine\u2019, and spirits. Made-wine is any alcoholic drink made by fermentation that\u2019s not beer, cider, perry, spirits or wine.\n\nYou also pay standard rate VAT at 20% on alcohol and tobacco products.\n\n## Tobacco Duty\n\nYou pay different rates of Tobacco Duty on cigarettes, cigars and other tobacco products.\n\n| Tobacco product | Rate |\n\n| Cigarettes | 16.5% of the retail price plus \u00a34.90 on a packet of 20 |\n\n| Cigars | \u00a33.05 on a 10g cigar |\n\n| Hand rolling tobacco | \u00a38.14 on a 30g packet |\n\n| Other smoking tobacco and chewing tobacco (for example pipe tobacco) | \u00a34.03 on a 30g packet |\n\n## Beer Duty\n\nHow much Beer Duty you pay depends on the beer\u2019s strength, or \u2018alcohol by volume\u2019 (ABV).\n\n| Strength (ABV) | Beer Duty rate per litre for each % of alcohol |\n\n| More than 1.2%, up to 2.8% | 8.42 pence |\n\n| More than 2.8%, up to 7.5% | 19.08 pence |\n\n| More than 7.5% | 24.77 pence |\n\n## Cider Duty\n\nYou pay Cider Duty on cider and perry. How much depends on the strength and whether it\u2019s still or sparkling.\n\n| Type of cider or perry | Strength (ABV) | Rate per litre |\n\n| Still | More than 1.2% but less than up to 6.9% | 40.38 pence |\n\n| Still | At least 6.9%, up to 7.5% | 50.71 pence |\n\n| Still | More than 7.5% but less than 8.5% | 61.04 pence |\n\n| Sparkling | More than 1.2%, up to 5.5% | 40.38 pence |\n\n| Sparkling | More than 5.5% but less than 8.5% | 288.10 pence |\n\n## Wine Duty\n\nHow much Wine Duty you pay depends on the strength of the wine (or made-wine) and whether it\u2019s still or sparkling.\n\n| Type of wine or made-wine | Strength (ABV) | Rate per litre |\n\n| Still | More than 1.2%, up to 4% | 91.68 pence |\n\n| Still | More than 4%, up to 5.5% | 126.08 pence |\n\n| Still | More than 5.5%, up to 15% | 297.57 pence |\n\n| Still | More than 15%, up to 22% | 396.72 pence |\n\n| Sparkling | More than 5.5% but less than 8.5% | 288.10 pence |\n\n| Sparkling | More than 8.5%, up to 15% | 381.15 pence |\n\nYou pay duty on wine and made-wine of more than 22% ABV at the same rate as spirits.\n\n## Spirit Duty\n\nYou pay \u00a328.74 of Spirit Duty per litre of pure alcohol.\n\n## Fuel Duty\n\nFuel Duty is included in the price you pay for petrol, diesel and other fuels used in vehicles or for heating.\n\nYou also pay standard rate VAT at 20% on most fuel, or the reduced rate of 5% on domestic heating fuel.\n\n## Fuel Duty rates\n\nThe rate you pay depends on the type of fuel.\n\n| Type of fuel | Rate |\n\n| Petrol, diesel, biodiesel and bioethanol | 57.95 pence per litre |\n\n| Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) | 31.61 pence per kg |\n\n| Natural gas used as fuel in vehicles, for example biogas | 24.70 pence per kg |\n\n| \u2018Fuel oil\u2019 burned in a furnace or used for heating | 10.70 pence per litre |\n\nYou pay different rates on other types of fuel, depending on how they\u2019re used.\n\nYou may have to pay a penalty and could have your vehicle seized if you use \u2018rebated\u2019 oils like red diesel or kerosene on public roads. Report red diesel used on public roads to the Customs Hotline.\n\n## Insurance Premium Tax\n\nInsurance Premium Tax (IPT) is usually included in the price you pay for insurance.\n\nYou do not pay VAT on insurance.\n\nThe rate of IPT depends on the type of insurance and who supplies it.\n\n## Standard rate IPT\n\nThe rate is 12% on most types of insurance, including car, pet and home insurance.\n\n## Higher rate IPT\n\nThere\u2019s a higher rate of 20% for travel insurance, and insurance arranged by the supplier (rather than an insurance company) on:\n\n- vehicles, including hired vehicles - but the standard 12% rate is charged on ordinary motor insurance\n\n- electronic goods and other household appliances - this includes gas central heating but not mobile phones\n\n## Exemptions\n\nThere\u2019s no IPT on life insurance and income protection insurance.\n\n## Air Passenger Duty\n\nAirlines pay Air Passenger Duty (APD) for every passenger who flies from the UK. Ticket prices usually include a charge to cover this cost.\n\nYou do not pay VAT on the cost of flights.\n\nThe amount of APD the airline pays depends on how far away your destination is and the class you travel in.\n\nOn commercial passenger flights the duty costs from \u00a313 to \u00a3180 per flight. There are higher charges for some private passenger planes or charters.\n\nThere\u2019s no APD on long-haul flights from Northern Ireland or flights from the Scottish Highlands and Islands region.\n\nYou can check rates for Air Passenger Duty paid by operators.\n\n## If you do not take a flight\n\nIf you do not take a flight you may be able to get a refund of anything you paid to cover APD costs.\n\nContact your airline to see if you can get a refund. You may have to pay an administration fee.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    VAT and duties

    ", + "

    VAT is a tax you pay on most goods and services.

    ", + "Rate | % of VAT | What the rate applies to", + "Standard | 20% | Most goods and services", + "Reduced rate | 5% | Some goods and services, for example children\u2019s car seats and some energy-saving materials in the home", + "Zero rate | 0% | Zero-rated goods and services, for example most food and children\u2019s clothes", + "

    Check the VAT rates on different goods and services. Some things are exempt from VAT, such as postage stamps and some financial and property transactions.

    ", + "

    VAT is normally included in the price you see in shops, but there are some exceptions.

    ", + "

    VAT and disabled people

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay VAT on certain goods and services if they\u2019re just for your own use and you\u2019re disabled or have a long-term illness.

    ", + "

    Other taxes and duties

    ", + "

    You pay different taxes on:

    ", + "
  • alcohol and tobacco
    • ", + "
  • petrol, diesel and other fuel
    • ", + "
  • insurance
    • ", + "
  • goods from abroad if you go over your customs allowance
    • ", + "

    Airlines have to pay air passenger duty for every flight from the UK. Most airline tickets include a separate charge to cover this cost.

    ", + "

    Gambling operators (for example, betting shops and websites, casinos or slot machine owners) have to pay gambling duties on profits they make from gambling. Customers do not pay duty on their stake (what they bet or pay to play) or winnings.

    ", + "

    Where you see VAT

    ", + "

    In shops

    ", + "

    Any VAT due is already included in the price of something you buy in a shop. No tax is added when you pay.

    ", + "

    Some shops in Northern Ireland offer tax-free shopping for visitors.

    ", + "

    In adverts, catalogues and price lists

    ", + "

    This depends on who they\u2019re aimed at. If they\u2019re for:

    ", + "
  • the general public only, they\u2019ll show you a price including VAT
    • ", + "
  • businesses as well as consumers, they might show the price with VAT and without
    • ", + "
  • businesses only they do not usually include VAT, which is charged on top of the price shown
    • ", + "

    On bills and receipts

    ", + "

    Sometimes VAT is shown on a separate line. This does not mean you\u2019re paying extra - it just shows how much tax is included in the price.

    ", + "

    Invoices from suppliers like builders, painters and decorators must show a separate amount for VAT and their VAT registration number.

    ", + "

    How VAT is worked out

    ", + "

    When someone charges you VAT they multiply their selling price by the VAT rate to calculate the amount of VAT to charge.

    ", + "

    They then add this to the selling price to give you the price you actually pay - this is called the \u2018gross\u2019 price.

    ", + "

    VAT on energy-saving products

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, you\u2019ll pay a reduced rate of VAT (5%) when certain energy-saving products are installed in your home.

    ", + "

    Your supplier will charge you the reduced rate on the installation and any extra work that\u2019s part of it.

    ", + "

    Not all products or installations qualify for the reduced rate and you cannot buy or install them yourself.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To qualify for the reduced rate, you must be over 60 or getting one or more of the following:

    ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit (but not the family element)
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment
    • ", + "
  • a disablement pension
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-based)
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • War Disablement Pension
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit
    • ", + "

    You will also be eligible to get the reduced rate on the products if the total cost of them (not including VAT) is not over 60% of the cost of the installation of the products (not including VAT).

    ", + "

    If your products cost more than 60% of the installation, you\u2019ll only be entitled to the reduced rate on the installation.

    ", + "

    Your supplier will be responsible for charging you the correct rate of VAT.

    ", + "

    Energy products that qualify

    ", + "

    You pay the reduced rate of 5% for:

    ", + "
  • controls for central heating and hot water systems
    • ", + "
  • draught stripping, for example insulation fixed around windows and doors to reduce draughts
    • ", + "
  • insulation on walls, floors, ceilings and lofts
    • ", + "
  • solar panels
    • ", + "
  • ground-source heat pumps
    • ", + "
  • air-source heat pumps
    • ", + "
  • micro combined heat and power units
    • ", + "
  • wood-fuelled boilers
    • ", + "

    Central heating systems

    ", + "

    You pay the reduced rate of 5% for work funded through energy efficiency grants on the:

    ", + "
  • installation of heating appliances
    • ", + "
  • installation, repair and maintenance of central heating systems
    • ", + "
  • installation, repair and maintenance of renewable source heating systems
    • ", + "

    The reduced rate is only for the grant-funded part of the work.

    ", + "

    Energy products that do not qualify

    ", + "

    You pay the standard rate of VAT for:

    ", + "
  • heating appliances or systems - unless you get an energy efficiency grant
    • ", + "
  • energy efficient boilers
    • ", + "
  • secondary or double glazing
    • ", + "
  • low emission glass
    • ", + "
  • energy efficient fridge freezers
    • ", + "
  • wind turbines
    • ", + "
  • water turbines
    • ", + "

    VAT on mobility aids

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 60, you pay a reduced rate of VAT (5%) on certain mobility aids when you pay for them to be supplied and installed in your home.

    ", + "

    Qualifying products

    ", + "

    You can get the reduced rate on:

    ", + "
  • grab rails
    • ", + "
  • ramps
    • ", + "
  • stair lifts
    • ", + "
  • bath lifts
    • ", + "
  • built-in shower seats or showers containing built-in shower seats
    • ", + "
  • walk-in baths with sealable doors
    • ", + "

    You do not get the reduced rate if you repair or replace the goods after they\u2019ve been installed.

    ", + "

    You do not have to order and pay for the product yourself - a friend, local council, charity or housing association can do it for you.

    ", + "

    How to get the reduced rate

    ", + "

    Your supplier should know about the reduced rate and apply it. You qualify if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re over 60 when the product is supplied or installed
    • ", + "
  • the product is installed - you do not get the reduced rate if you just buy it
    • ", + "
  • the product is for a private home, for example your own home or one shared with friends or relatives (a residential care home does not qualify)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to confirm to your supplier in writing that you meet these conditions. They may give you a form, or you can sign your own declaration. Ask a relative, partner or other responsible person if you\u2019re not able to fill it in yourself.

    ", + "

    Declaration: mobility aids for older people

    ", + "

    Sign and date the declaration, using this standard wording.

    ", + "

    Help from your council

    ", + "

    If you need to adapt your home because of old age you can apply to your council for equipment or help.

    ", + "

    Tax-free shopping

    ", + "

    You can only buy tax-free goods from shops in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) if they\u2019re delivered straight to an address outside the UK. Check with the retailer if they offer this service.

    ", + "

    You may be able to buy tax-free goods from some shops when you visit Northern Ireland. You claim your VAT refund when you leave Northern Ireland or the EU.

    ", + "

    When you may be able to get a VAT refund

    ", + "

    You can sometimes get VAT refunds on goods you buy in Northern Ireland if you:

    ", + "
  • visit Northern Ireland and live outside the UK and EU
    • ", + "
  • work or study in Northern Ireland but normally live outside the UK and EU
    • ", + "
  • live in Northern Ireland but are leaving the UK and EU for at least 12 months
    • ", + "

    You can only get a VAT refund if you take the goods out of Northern Ireland and the EU within 3 months of buying them. Not all retailers offer VAT refunds.

    ", + "

    Taking goods from Northern Ireland to Great Britain

    ", + "

    You will not get a VAT refund if you travel straight from Northern Ireland to Great Britain.

    ", + "

    If you travel from Northern Ireland to Great Britain through another country, the goods will count towards your tax-free personal allowances. You may have to declare them along with other goods you\u2019re carrying when you enter Great Britain and pay import VAT.

    ", + "

    This may mean you have to pay VAT again on the goods from Northern Ireland. If this happens, you can get a refund of the overpaid VAT from the retailer.

    ", + "

    Check the rules on bringing goods into Great Britain.

    ", + "

    How to get a VAT refund

    ", + "
  • Get a VAT 407 form from the retailer - they might ask for proof that you\u2019re eligible, for example your passport.
    • ", + "
  • Show the goods, the completed form and your receipts to customs at the point when you leave Northern Ireland or the EU.
    • ", + "
  • Customs will approve your form if everything is in order. You then take the approved form to get paid.
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re changing planes in an EU country and checking your goods with your luggage, you must do step 2 in Northern Ireland when you check in.

    ", + "

    Getting paid

    ", + "

    You can either get paid immediately at a refund booth, for example at the airport, or send the approved form to the retailer or their refund company. The retailer will tell you how you\u2019ll get paid.

    ", + "

    Some retailers charge a fee for handling your form. This money will be deducted from your refund.

    ", + "

    If there are no customs officials available, you can leave your form in a customs post box. Customs will check it and contact your retailer to arrange the refund if everything is in order.

    ", + "

    Goods you cannot get a refund for

    ", + "

    You cannot get a VAT refund for:

    ", + "
  • mail order goods, including internet sales, delivered outside of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • goods you\u2019ve already used in Northern Ireland or the EU, such as perfume
    • ", + "
  • service charges, such as hotel bills
    • ", + "
  • new or used cars
    • ", + "
  • goods worth more than \u00a3600 exported for business purposes
    • ", + "
  • goods to be exported as freight
    • ", + "
  • goods that need an export licence (except antiques)
    • ", + "
  • unmounted gemstones
    • ", + "
  • gold over 125g, 2.75 troy ounces or 10 tolas
    • ", + "
  • a boat you plan to sail to a destination outside Northern Ireland or the EU
    • ", + "

    Find out more about claiming VAT back on tax-free shopping in Northern Ireland, including travelling to Great Britain and problems like losing your form.

    ", + "

    Alcohol and tobacco duties

    ", + "

    Tobacco Duty is included in the price you pay for cigarettes, cigars and other tobacco products.

    ", + "

    Alcohol duties are included in the price you pay for beer, cider or perry, wine or \u2018made-wine\u2019, and spirits. Made-wine is any alcoholic drink made by fermentation that\u2019s not beer, cider, perry, spirits or wine.

    ", + "

    You also pay standard rate VAT at 20% on alcohol and tobacco products.

    ", + "

    Tobacco Duty

    ", + "

    You pay different rates of Tobacco Duty on cigarettes, cigars and other tobacco products.

    ", + "Tobacco product | Rate", + "Cigarettes | 16.5% of the retail price plus \u00a34.90 on a packet of 20", + "Cigars | \u00a33.05 on a 10g cigar", + "Hand rolling tobacco | \u00a38.14 on a 30g packet", + "Other smoking tobacco and chewing tobacco (for example pipe tobacco) | \u00a34.03 on a 30g packet", + "

    Beer Duty

    ", + "

    How much Beer Duty you pay depends on the beer\u2019s strength, or \u2018alcohol by volume\u2019 (ABV).

    ", + "Strength (ABV) | Beer Duty rate per litre for each % of alcohol", + "More than 1.2%, up to 2.8% | 8.42 pence", + "More than 2.8%, up to 7.5% | 19.08 pence", + "More than 7.5% | 24.77 pence", + "

    Cider Duty

    ", + "

    You pay Cider Duty on cider and perry. How much depends on the strength and whether it\u2019s still or sparkling.

    ", + "Type of cider or perry | Strength (ABV) | Rate per litre", + "Still | More than 1.2% but less than up to 6.9% | 40.38 pence", + "Still | At least 6.9%, up to 7.5% | 50.71 pence", + "Still | More than 7.5% but less than 8.5% | 61.04 pence", + "Sparkling | More than 1.2%, up to 5.5% | 40.38 pence", + "Sparkling | More than 5.5% but less than 8.5% | 288.10 pence", + "

    Wine Duty

    ", + "

    How much Wine Duty you pay depends on the strength of the wine (or made-wine) and whether it\u2019s still or sparkling.

    ", + "Type of wine or made-wine | Strength (ABV) | Rate per litre", + "Still | More than 1.2%, up to 4% | 91.68 pence", + "Still | More than 4%, up to 5.5% | 126.08 pence", + "Still | More than 5.5%, up to 15% | 297.57 pence", + "Still | More than 15%, up to 22% | 396.72 pence", + "Sparkling | More than 5.5% but less than 8.5% | 288.10 pence", + "Sparkling | More than 8.5%, up to 15% | 381.15 pence", + "

    You pay duty on wine and made-wine of more than 22% ABV at the same rate as spirits.

    ", + "

    Spirit Duty

    ", + "

    You pay \u00a328.74 of Spirit Duty per litre of pure alcohol.

    ", + "

    Fuel Duty

    ", + "

    Fuel Duty is included in the price you pay for petrol, diesel and other fuels used in vehicles or for heating.

    ", + "

    You also pay standard rate VAT at 20% on most fuel, or the reduced rate of 5% on domestic heating fuel.

    ", + "

    Fuel Duty rates

    ", + "

    The rate you pay depends on the type of fuel.

    ", + "Type of fuel | Rate", + "Petrol, diesel, biodiesel and bioethanol | 57.95 pence per litre", + "Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) | 31.61 pence per kg", + "Natural gas used as fuel in vehicles, for example biogas | 24.70 pence per kg", + "\u2018Fuel oil\u2019 burned in a furnace or used for heating | 10.70 pence per litre", + "

    You pay different rates on other types of fuel, depending on how they\u2019re used.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a penalty and could have your vehicle seized if you use \u2018rebated\u2019 oils like red diesel or kerosene on public roads. Report red diesel used on public roads to the Customs Hotline.

    ", + "

    Insurance Premium Tax

    ", + "

    Insurance Premium Tax (IPT) is usually included in the price you pay for insurance.

    ", + "

    You do not pay VAT on insurance.

    ", + "

    The rate of IPT depends on the type of insurance and who supplies it.

    ", + "

    Standard rate IPT

    ", + "

    The rate is 12% on most types of insurance, including car, pet and home insurance.

    ", + "

    Higher rate IPT

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a higher rate of 20% for travel insurance, and insurance arranged by the supplier (rather than an insurance company) on:

    ", + "
  • vehicles, including hired vehicles - but the standard 12% rate is charged on ordinary motor insurance
    • ", + "
  • electronic goods and other household appliances - this includes gas central heating but not mobile phones
    • ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no IPT on life insurance and income protection insurance.

    ", + "

    Air Passenger Duty

    ", + "

    Airlines pay Air Passenger Duty (APD) for every passenger who flies from the UK. Ticket prices usually include a charge to cover this cost.

    ", + "

    You do not pay VAT on the cost of flights.

    ", + "

    The amount of APD the airline pays depends on how far away your destination is and the class you travel in.

    ", + "

    On commercial passenger flights the duty costs from \u00a313 to \u00a3180 per flight. There are higher charges for some private passenger planes or charters.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no APD on long-haul flights from Northern Ireland or flights from the Scottish Highlands and Islands region.

    ", + "

    You can check rates for Air Passenger Duty paid by operators.

    ", + "

    If you do not take a flight

    ", + "

    If you do not take a flight you may be able to get a refund of anything you paid to cover APD costs.

    ", + "

    Contact your airline to see if you can get a refund. You may have to pay an administration fee.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vat-annual-accounting-scheme": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-annual-accounting-scheme", + "title": "VAT Annual Accounting Scheme", + "content": "## Overview\n\nUsually, VAT-registered businesses submit their VAT Returns and payments to HM Revenue and Customs 4 times a year.\n\nWith the Annual Accounting Scheme you:\n\n- make advance VAT payments towards your VAT bill - based on your last return (or estimated if you\u2019re new to VAT)\n\n- submit 1 VAT Return a year\n\nFrom 1 April 2019, most businesses will need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.\n\nWhen you submit your VAT Return you either:\n\n- make a final payment - the difference between your advance payments and actual VAT bill\n\n- apply for a refund - if you\u2019ve overpaid your VAT bill\n\nThe scheme would not suit your business if you regularly reclaim VAT because you\u2019ll only be able to get 1 refund a year (when you submit the VAT Return).\n\nYou can join the scheme if your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less.\n\nTalk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Annual Accounting Scheme is right for you.\n\n## Join or leave the scheme\n\nYou must be eligible to join the scheme.\n\n## How to join\n\nYou can join the scheme:\n\n- online - when you register for VAT\n\n- by post - fill in VAT600 AA (or use VAT600 AA/FRS to apply for the Flat Rate Scheme at the same time)\n\nDo not use the address on the form - send it to the following address instead.\n\nConfirmation you\u2019ve joined the scheme is sent to your VAT online account (or in the post if you do not apply online).\n\n## How to leave\n\nYou can leave the scheme at any time, but you must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it.\n\nTo leave, write to HMRC and they will confirm when you can leave. From this date, you must account for your VAT in the usual way.\n\nYou have to wait 12 months before you can rejoin the scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can join the Annual Accounting Scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re a VAT-registered business\n\n- your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months\n\nVAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use the scheme if:\n\n- you left the scheme in the last 12 months\n\n- your business is part of a VAT registered division or group of companies\n\n- you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments\n\n- you\u2019re insolvent\n\n## Leaving the scheme\n\nYou must leave the scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it\n\n- your VAT taxable turnover is (or is likely to be) more than \u00a31.6 million at the end of the annual accounting year\n\n## Return and payment deadlines\n\nCheck your VAT Return and payment deadlines in your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account.\n\n## VAT Return deadline\n\nThere are 12 months in your VAT accounting period. Your VAT Return is due once a year, 2 months after the end of your accounting period.\n\nMost businesses now need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.\n\n## Payment deadlines\n\nYou must make advance payments towards your VAT bill (either monthly or quarterly) during your accounting period and a final payment when you submit your VAT Return.\n\n| Payment | Deadline |\n\n| Monthly | Due at the end of months 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 |\n\n| Quarterly | Due at the end of months 4, 7 and 10 |\n\n| Final payment | Within 2 months of month 12 |\n\n## How much do you pay\n\nEach payment is either 10% of your estimated VAT bill (monthly payments) or 25% (quarterly payments). The amount is based on previous VAT returns (or estimated if you\u2019re new to VAT).\n\nHMRC will write telling you when your instalments are due and how much they\u2019ll be.\n\nThe final payment (known as a \u2018balancing payment\u2019) is the difference between your advance payments and the actual VAT bill confirmed on your VAT Return.\n\nYou may be due a VAT refund if you\u2019ve overpaid HMRC.\n\nYou must pay VAT to HMRC electronically, for example by Direct Debit or internet banking.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Usually, VAT-registered businesses submit their VAT Returns and payments to HM Revenue and Customs 4 times a year.

    ", + "

    With the Annual Accounting Scheme you:

    ", + "
  • make advance VAT payments towards your VAT bill - based on your last return (or estimated if you\u2019re new to VAT)
    • ", + "
  • submit 1 VAT Return a year
    • ", + "

    From 1 April 2019, most businesses will need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.

    ", + "

    When you submit your VAT Return you either:

    ", + "
  • make a final payment - the difference between your advance payments and actual VAT bill
    • ", + "
  • apply for a refund - if you\u2019ve overpaid your VAT bill
    • ", + "

    The scheme would not suit your business if you regularly reclaim VAT because you\u2019ll only be able to get 1 refund a year (when you submit the VAT Return).

    ", + "

    You can join the scheme if your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less.

    ", + "

    Talk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Annual Accounting Scheme is right for you.

    ", + "

    Join or leave the scheme

    ", + "

    You must be eligible to join the scheme.

    ", + "

    How to join

    ", + "

    You can join the scheme:

    ", + "
  • online - when you register for VAT
    • ", + "
  • by post - fill in VAT600 AA (or use VAT600 AA/FRS to apply for the Flat Rate Scheme at the same time)
    • ", + "

    Do not use the address on the form - send it to the following address instead.

    ", + "

    Confirmation you\u2019ve joined the scheme is sent to your VAT online account (or in the post if you do not apply online).

    ", + "

    How to leave

    ", + "

    You can leave the scheme at any time, but you must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it.

    ", + "

    To leave, write to HMRC and they will confirm when you can leave. From this date, you must account for your VAT in the usual way.

    ", + "

    You have to wait 12 months before you can rejoin the scheme.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can join the Annual Accounting Scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a VAT-registered business
    • ", + "
  • your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    VAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You cannot use the scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you left the scheme in the last 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your business is part of a VAT registered division or group of companies
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re insolvent
    • ", + "

    Leaving the scheme

    ", + "

    You must leave the scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it
    • ", + "
  • your VAT taxable turnover is (or is likely to be) more than \u00a31.6 million at the end of the annual accounting year
    • ", + "

    Return and payment deadlines

    ", + "

    Check your VAT Return and payment deadlines in your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account.

    ", + "

    VAT Return deadline

    ", + "

    There are 12 months in your VAT accounting period. Your VAT Return is due once a year, 2 months after the end of your accounting period.

    ", + "

    Most businesses now need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.

    ", + "

    Payment deadlines

    ", + "

    You must make advance payments towards your VAT bill (either monthly or quarterly) during your accounting period and a final payment when you submit your VAT Return.

    ", + "Payment | Deadline", + "Monthly | Due at the end of months 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12", + "Quarterly | Due at the end of months 4, 7 and 10", + "Final payment | Within 2 months of month 12", + "

    How much do you pay

    ", + "

    Each payment is either 10% of your estimated VAT bill (monthly payments) or 25% (quarterly payments). The amount is based on previous VAT returns (or estimated if you\u2019re new to VAT).

    ", + "

    HMRC will write telling you when your instalments are due and how much they\u2019ll be.

    ", + "

    The final payment (known as a \u2018balancing payment\u2019) is the difference between your advance payments and the actual VAT bill confirmed on your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    You may be due a VAT refund if you\u2019ve overpaid HMRC.

    ", + "

    You must pay VAT to HMRC electronically, for example by Direct Debit or internet banking.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vat-cash-accounting-scheme": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-cash-accounting-scheme", + "title": "VAT Cash Accounting Scheme", + "content": "## Overview\n\nUsually, the amount of VAT you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is the difference between your sales invoices and purchase invoices. You have to\nreport these figures and pay any money to HMRC even if the invoices have not been paid.\n\nWith the Cash Accounting Scheme you:\n\n- pay VAT on your sales when your customers pay you\n\n- reclaim VAT on your purchases when you have paid your supplier\n\nTo join the scheme your VAT taxable turnover must be \u00a31.35 million or less.\n\nTalk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Cash Accounting Scheme is right for you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can use cash accounting if:\n\n- your business is registered for VAT\n\n- your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months\n\nVAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use cash accounting if:\n\n- you use the VAT Flat Rate Scheme - instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based turnover method\n\n- you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments\n\n- you\u2019ve committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion\n\nYou cannot use it for the following transactions (you have to use standard VAT accounting instead):\n\n- where the payment terms of a VAT invoice are 6 months or more\n\n- where a VAT invoice is raised in advance\n\n- buying or selling goods using lease purchase, hire purchase, conditional sale or credit sale\n\n- importing goods into Northern Ireland from the EU\n\n- moving goods outside a customs warehouse\n\nYou must leave the scheme if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a31.6 million\n\n## Join or leave the scheme\n\n## How to join\n\nYou must be eligible to join the scheme. You join at the beginning of a VAT accounting period.\n\nYou do not have to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) you use cash accounting.\n\n## How to leave\n\nYou can leave the scheme at any time, but you must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to use it. You should leave at the end of a VAT accounting period.\n\nYou do not have to tell HMRC you\u2019ve stopped using it, but you must report and pay HMRC any outstanding VAT (whether your customers have paid you or not).\n\nYou can report and pay the outstanding VAT over 6 months.\n\nIf your VAT taxable turnover exceeded \u00a31.35 million in the last 3 months you must report and pay straight away.\n\nYou must pay immediately if HMRC has written to you to withdraw your use of the scheme.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Usually, the amount of VAT you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is the difference between your sales invoices and purchase invoices. You have to\nreport these figures and pay any money to HMRC even if the invoices have not been paid.

    ", + "

    With the Cash Accounting Scheme you:

    ", + "
  • pay VAT on your sales when your customers pay you
    • ", + "
  • reclaim VAT on your purchases when you have paid your supplier
    • ", + "

    To join the scheme your VAT taxable turnover must be \u00a31.35 million or less.

    ", + "

    Talk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Cash Accounting Scheme is right for you.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can use cash accounting if:

    ", + "
  • your business is registered for VAT
    • ", + "
  • your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    VAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You cannot use cash accounting if:

    ", + "
  • you use the VAT Flat Rate Scheme - instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based turnover method
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion
    • ", + "

    You cannot use it for the following transactions (you have to use standard VAT accounting instead):

    ", + "
  • where the payment terms of a VAT invoice are 6 months or more
    • ", + "
  • where a VAT invoice is raised in advance
    • ", + "
  • buying or selling goods using lease purchase, hire purchase, conditional sale or credit sale
    • ", + "
  • importing goods into Northern Ireland from the EU
    • ", + "
  • moving goods outside a customs warehouse
    • ", + "

    You must leave the scheme if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a31.6 million

    ", + "

    Join or leave the scheme

    ", + "

    How to join

    ", + "

    You must be eligible to join the scheme. You join at the beginning of a VAT accounting period.

    ", + "

    You do not have to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) you use cash accounting.

    ", + "

    How to leave

    ", + "

    You can leave the scheme at any time, but you must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to use it. You should leave at the end of a VAT accounting period.

    ", + "

    You do not have to tell HMRC you\u2019ve stopped using it, but you must report and pay HMRC any outstanding VAT (whether your customers have paid you or not).

    ", + "

    You can report and pay the outstanding VAT over 6 months.

    ", + "

    If your VAT taxable turnover exceeded \u00a31.35 million in the last 3 months you must report and pay straight away.

    ", + "

    You must pay immediately if HMRC has written to you to withdraw your use of the scheme.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vat-flat-rate-scheme": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-flat-rate-scheme", + "title": "VAT Flat Rate Scheme", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe amount of VAT a business pays or claims back from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually the difference between the VAT charged by the business to customers and the VAT the business pays on their own purchases.\n\nWith the Flat Rate Scheme:\n\n- you pay a fixed rate of VAT to HMRC\n\n- you keep the difference between what you charge your customers and pay to HMRC\n\n- you cannot reclaim the VAT on your purchases - except for certain capital assets over \u00a32,000\n\nTo join the scheme your VAT turnover must be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT), and you must apply to HMRC.\n\nTalk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Flat Rate Scheme is right for you.\n\n## Join or leave the scheme\n\nYou must be eligible to join the scheme.\n\n## How to join\n\nYou can join the scheme online when you register for VAT.\n\nYou can also fill in VAT600 FRS and either:\n\n- email it to frsapplications.vrs@hmrc.gsi.gov.uk\n\n- send it by post\n\nDo not use the address on the form - send it to the following address instead.\n\nUse VAT600 AA/FRS to apply for the Annual Accounting Scheme at the same time.\n\nYou\u2019ll get confirmation you\u2019ve joined the scheme through your VAT online account (or in the post if you do not apply online).\n\n## How to leave\n\nYou can choose to leave the scheme at any time. You must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it.\n\nTo leave, write to HMRC and they will confirm your leaving date.\n\nYou must wait 12 months before you can rejoin the scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can join the Flat Rate Scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re a VAT-registered business\n\n- you expect your VAT taxable turnover to be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT) in the next 12 months\n\nVAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use the scheme if:\n\n- you left the scheme in the last 12 months\n\n- you committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion\n\n- you joined (or were eligible to join) a VAT group in the last 24 months\n\n- you registered for VAT as a business division in the last 24 months\n\n- your business is closely associated with another business\n\n- you\u2019ve joined a margin or capital goods VAT scheme\n\nYou cannot use the scheme with the Cash Accounting Scheme. Instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based method for calculating the turnover.\n\n## Leaving the scheme\n\nYou must leave the scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it\n\n- on the anniversary of joining, your turnover in the last 12 months was more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT) - or you expect it to be in the next 12 months\n\n- you expect your total income in the next 30 days alone to be more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT)\n\n## Work out your flat rate\n\nThe VAT flat rate you use usually depends on your business type. You may pay a different rate if you only spend a small amount on goods.\n\nYou get a 1% discount if you\u2019re in your first year as a VAT-registered business.\n\n## If you spend a small amount on goods\n\nYou\u2019re classed as a \u2018limited cost business\u2019 if your goods cost less than either:\n\n- 2% of your turnover\n\n- \u00a31,000 a year (if your costs are more than 2%)\n\nThis means you pay a higher rate of 16.5%. You can calculate if you need to pay the higher rate and work out which goods count as costs.\n\nIf you are not a limited cost business, you use your business type to work out your flat rate.\n\n## Flat rates for types of business\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) the flat rate for catering (including restaurants and takeaways), accommodation and pubs has been reduced until 31 March 2022.\n\n| Type of business | Current VAT flat rate (%) |\n\n| Accountancy or book-keeping | 14.5 |\n\n| Advertising | 11 |\n\n| Agricultural services | 11 |\n\n| Any other activity not listed elsewhere | 12 |\n\n| Architect, civil and structural engineer or surveyor | 14.5 |\n\n| Boarding or care of animals | 12 |\n\n| Business services not listed elsewhere | 12 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways before 15 July 2020 | 12.5 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 4.5 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 8.5 |\n\n| Computer and IT consultancy or data processing | 14.5 |\n\n| Computer repair services | 10.5 |\n\n| Entertainment or journalism | 12.5 |\n\n| Estate agency or property management services | 12 |\n\n| Farming or agriculture not listed elsewhere | 6.5 |\n\n| Film, radio, television or video production | 13 |\n\n| Financial services | 13.5 |\n\n| Forestry or fishing | 10.5 |\n\n| General building or construction services* | 9.5 |\n\n| Hairdressing or other beauty treatment services | 13 |\n\n| Hiring or renting goods | 9.5 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation before 15 July 2020 | 10.5 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 0 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 5.5 |\n\n| Investigation or security | 12 |\n\n| Labour-only building or construction services* | 14.5 |\n\n| Laundry or dry-cleaning services | 12 |\n\n| Lawyer or legal services | 14.5 |\n\n| Library, archive, museum or other cultural activity | 9.5 |\n\n| Management consultancy | 14 |\n\n| Manufacturing fabricated metal products | 10.5 |\n\n| Manufacturing food | 9 |\n\n| Manufacturing not listed elsewhere | 9.5 |\n\n| Manufacturing yarn, textiles or clothing | 9 |\n\n| Membership organisation | 8 |\n\n| Mining or quarrying | 10 |\n\n| Packaging | 9 |\n\n| Photography | 11 |\n\n| Post offices | 5 |\n\n| Printing | 8.5 |\n\n| Publishing | 11 |\n\n| Pubs before 15 July 2020 | 6.5 |\n\n| Pubs from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 1 |\n\n| Pubs from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 4 |\n\n| Real estate activity not listed elsewhere | 14 |\n\n| Repairing personal or household goods | 10 |\n\n| Repairing vehicles | 8.5 |\n\n| Retailing food, confectionery, tobacco, newspapers or children\u2019s clothing | 4 |\n\n| Retailing pharmaceuticals, medical goods, cosmetics or toiletries | 8 |\n\n| Retailing not listed elsewhere | 7.5 |\n\n| Retailing vehicles or fuel | 6.5 |\n\n| Secretarial services | 13 |\n\n| Social work | 11 |\n\n| Sport or recreation | 8.5 |\n\n| Transport or storage, including couriers, freight, removals and taxis | 10 |\n\n| Travel agency | 10.5 |\n\n| Veterinary medicine | 11 |\n\n| Wholesaling agricultural products | 8 |\n\n| Wholesaling food | 7.5 |\n\n| Wholesaling not listed elsewhere | 8.5 |\n\n*\u2018Labour-only building or construction services\u2019 means building services where the value of the materials supplied is less than 10% of the turnover for those services. If more than this amount, the business is classed as \u2018General building or construction services\u2019.\n\n## What you pay\n\nYou calculate the tax you pay by multiplying your VAT flat rate by your \u2018VAT inclusive turnover\u2019.\n\nVAT inclusive turnover is different from standard VAT turnover. As well as business income (such as from sales), it includes the VAT paid on that income.\n\n## Calculating 2 flat rates\n\nThe first calculation should start from day one of your accounting period to the last day of that flat rate. The second should start from the date of the new flat rate to the end of your accounting period.\n\n## Get help\n\nCall the VAT Helpline if you have any questions about the Flat Rate Scheme.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The amount of VAT a business pays or claims back from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually the difference between the VAT charged by the business to customers and the VAT the business pays on their own purchases.

    ", + "

    With the Flat Rate Scheme:

    ", + "
  • you pay a fixed rate of VAT to HMRC
    • ", + "
  • you keep the difference between what you charge your customers and pay to HMRC
    • ", + "
  • you cannot reclaim the VAT on your purchases - except for certain capital assets over \u00a32,000
    • ", + "

    To join the scheme your VAT turnover must be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT), and you must apply to HMRC.

    ", + "

    Talk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Flat Rate Scheme is right for you.

    ", + "

    Join or leave the scheme

    ", + "

    You must be eligible to join the scheme.

    ", + "

    How to join

    ", + "

    You can join the scheme online when you register for VAT.

    ", + "

    You can also fill in VAT600 FRS and either:

    ", + "
  • email it to frsapplications.vrs@hmrc.gsi.gov.uk
    • ", + "
  • send it by post
    • ", + "

    Do not use the address on the form - send it to the following address instead.

    ", + "

    Use VAT600 AA/FRS to apply for the Annual Accounting Scheme at the same time.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get confirmation you\u2019ve joined the scheme through your VAT online account (or in the post if you do not apply online).

    ", + "

    How to leave

    ", + "

    You can choose to leave the scheme at any time. You must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it.

    ", + "

    To leave, write to HMRC and they will confirm your leaving date.

    ", + "

    You must wait 12 months before you can rejoin the scheme.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can join the Flat Rate Scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a VAT-registered business
    • ", + "
  • you expect your VAT taxable turnover to be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT) in the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    VAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You cannot use the scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you left the scheme in the last 12 months
    • ", + "
  • you committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion
    • ", + "
  • you joined (or were eligible to join) a VAT group in the last 24 months
    • ", + "
  • you registered for VAT as a business division in the last 24 months
    • ", + "
  • your business is closely associated with another business
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve joined a margin or capital goods VAT scheme
    • ", + "

    You cannot use the scheme with the Cash Accounting Scheme. Instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based method for calculating the turnover.

    ", + "

    Leaving the scheme

    ", + "

    You must leave the scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it
    • ", + "
  • on the anniversary of joining, your turnover in the last 12 months was more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT) - or you expect it to be in the next 12 months
    • ", + "
  • you expect your total income in the next 30 days alone to be more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT)
    • ", + "

    Work out your flat rate

    ", + "

    The VAT flat rate you use usually depends on your business type. You may pay a different rate if you only spend a small amount on goods.

    ", + "

    You get a 1% discount if you\u2019re in your first year as a VAT-registered business.

    ", + "

    If you spend a small amount on goods

    ", + "

    You\u2019re classed as a \u2018limited cost business\u2019 if your goods cost less than either:

    ", + "
  • 2% of your turnover
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,000 a year (if your costs are more than 2%)
    • ", + "

    This means you pay a higher rate of 16.5%. You can calculate if you need to pay the higher rate and work out which goods count as costs.

    ", + "

    If you are not a limited cost business, you use your business type to work out your flat rate.

    ", + "

    Flat rates for types of business

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) the flat rate for catering (including restaurants and takeaways), accommodation and pubs has been reduced until 31 March 2022.

    ", + "Type of business | Current VAT flat rate (%)", + "Accountancy or book-keeping | 14.5", + "Advertising | 11", + "Agricultural services | 11", + "Any other activity not listed elsewhere | 12", + "Architect, civil and structural engineer or surveyor | 14.5", + "Boarding or care of animals | 12", + "Business services not listed elsewhere | 12", + "Catering services including restaurants and takeaways before 15 July 2020 | 12.5", + "Catering services including restaurants and takeaways from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 4.5", + "Catering services including restaurants and takeaways from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 8.5", + "Computer and IT consultancy or data processing | 14.5", + "Computer repair services | 10.5", + "Entertainment or journalism | 12.5", + "Estate agency or property management services | 12", + "Farming or agriculture not listed elsewhere | 6.5", + "Film, radio, television or video production | 13", + "Financial services | 13.5", + "Forestry or fishing | 10.5", + "General building or construction services* | 9.5", + "Hairdressing or other beauty treatment services | 13", + "Hiring or renting goods | 9.5", + "Hotel or accommodation before 15 July 2020 | 10.5", + "Hotel or accommodation from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 0", + "Hotel or accommodation from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 5.5", + "Investigation or security | 12", + "Labour-only building or construction services* | 14.5", + "Laundry or dry-cleaning services | 12", + "Lawyer or legal services | 14.5", + "Library, archive, museum or other cultural activity | 9.5", + "Management consultancy | 14", + "Manufacturing fabricated metal products | 10.5", + "Manufacturing food | 9", + "Manufacturing not listed elsewhere | 9.5", + "Manufacturing yarn, textiles or clothing | 9", + "Membership organisation | 8", + "Mining or quarrying | 10", + "Packaging | 9", + "Photography | 11", + "Post offices | 5", + "Printing | 8.5", + "Publishing | 11", + "Pubs before 15 July 2020 | 6.5", + "Pubs from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 1", + "Pubs from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 4", + "Real estate activity not listed elsewhere | 14", + "Repairing personal or household goods | 10", + "Repairing vehicles | 8.5", + "Retailing food, confectionery, tobacco, newspapers or children\u2019s clothing | 4", + "Retailing pharmaceuticals, medical goods, cosmetics or toiletries | 8", + "Retailing not listed elsewhere | 7.5", + "Retailing vehicles or fuel | 6.5", + "Secretarial services | 13", + "Social work | 11", + "Sport or recreation | 8.5", + "Transport or storage, including couriers, freight, removals and taxis | 10", + "Travel agency | 10.5", + "Veterinary medicine | 11", + "Wholesaling agricultural products | 8", + "Wholesaling food | 7.5", + "Wholesaling not listed elsewhere | 8.5", + "

    *\u2018Labour-only building or construction services\u2019 means building services where the value of the materials supplied is less than 10% of the turnover for those services. If more than this amount, the business is classed as \u2018General building or construction services\u2019.

    ", + "

    What you pay

    ", + "

    You calculate the tax you pay by multiplying your VAT flat rate by your \u2018VAT inclusive turnover\u2019.

    ", + "

    VAT inclusive turnover is different from standard VAT turnover. As well as business income (such as from sales), it includes the VAT paid on that income.

    ", + "

    Calculating 2 flat rates

    ", + "

    The first calculation should start from day one of your accounting period to the last day of that flat rate. The second should start from the date of the new flat rate to the end of your accounting period.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Call the VAT Helpline if you have any questions about the Flat Rate Scheme.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vat-builders": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-builders", + "title": "VAT for builders", + "content": "## Houses and flats\n\nVAT for most work on houses and flats by builders and similar trades like plumbers, plasterers and carpenters is charged at the standard rate of 20% - but there are some exceptions.\n\nHow you report and pay VAT in the construction industry is changing from 1 October 2019. Find out what you need to do to prepare.\n\n## Zero rate VAT\n\nYou may not have to charge VAT on some types of work if it meets certain conditions, including:\n\n- building a new house or flat\n\n- work for disabled people in their home\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide on VAT refunds if you\u2019re building your own home.\n\n## Reduced rate VAT\n\nYou may be able to charge the reduced rate of 5% for some types of work if it meets certain conditions, including:\n\n- installing energy saving products and certain work for people over 60\n\n- converting a building into a house or flats or from one residential use to another\n\n- renovating an empty house or flat\n\n- home improvements to a domestic property on the Isle of Man\n\n## Buildings that are not houses or flats\n\nYou do not need to charge VAT for construction work on certain other types of building.\n\n## Building new homes\n\nYou may not have to charge VAT on labour or building materials for work you do on a new house or flat.\n\n## What counts as new\n\nFor work to be zero-rated for VAT, it must qualify as a genuinely new, self-contained house or flat. This means:\n\n- it\u2019s self-contained - there are not any internal doors or connections to other houses or flats\n\n- it can be used independently of any other property, including businesses\n\n- it can be sold on its own\n\n- it has proper planning permission\n\n- any existing buildings on the site have been demolished completely to ground level (unless you\u2019re extending an existing building to create a new house or flat)\n\nFor mixed-use buildings, like a shop with a flat above it, only the work on the residential part can be zero-rated for VAT.\n\nFind out more about qualifying buildings for zero-rated VAT.\n\n## Timing, labour and materials\n\nWork that\u2019s zero-rated for VAT must take place during the construction project, or be closely related to it (eg demolishing existing buildings and preparing the site). This is known as work done \u2018in the course of construction\u2019.\n\nYou cannot zero-rate work you do after a building\u2019s finished, apart from correcting defects in the original work (\u2018snagging\u2019).\n\nAll labour on a qualifying building can be zero-rated, but there are special rules on what counts as building materials for VAT purposes.\n\n## Work for disabled people\n\nYou may not have to charge VAT on alterations you make to a disabled person\u2019s home, or certain equipment you supply for their personal use.\n\n## Who qualifies as \u2018disabled\u2019\n\nTo be zero-rated for VAT, the work you\u2019re doing needs to be for someone with a:\n\n- physical or mental impairment that has a major long-term effect on their ability to do everyday activities\n\n- condition that the medical profession treats as a chronic sickness (eg diabetes)\n\n- terminal illness\n\nSomeone who\u2019s temporarily disabled or incapacitated, or elderly and frail but not disabled, does not qualify. However, you may be able to charge reduced-rate VAT at 5% on mobility aids, heating and security work for people over 60.\n\n## Alterations\n\nWork on a disabled person\u2019s home that can be zero-rated includes:\n\n- building a ramp\n\n- widening (but not building) a doorway or passage\n\n- installing, extending or adapting a bathroom, washroom or lavatory to suit their condition\n\n- installing, repairing or maintaining a lift used to help them move between floors\n\n- preparation and restoration of the immediately surrounding decor\n\nFind out more about alterations that can be zero-rated for VAT.\n\n## Equipment designed for disabled people\n\nYou do not have to charge VAT if you supply, install, repair, maintain or adapt certain equipment specifically designed for disabled people if it\u2019s for personal use in their home. This includes:\n\n- adjustable beds\n\n- hoists\n\n- chair and stair lifts\n\n- sanitary devices\n\n- alarms\n\n- parts and accessories for qualifying equipment\n\n- the cost of adapting something for a disabled person\n\nFind out more about zero-rated goods and services for disabled people.\n\nThere are different rules for equipment paid for or arranged by the NHS or any other hospital or nursing home.\n\n## Evidence of eligibility\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for making sure that your customer is eligible for zero-rate VAT, and you should be able to prove this from your records.\n\nYou can do this by getting your disabled customers (or a parent, guardian, doctor or another responsible person if they\u2019re not able) to sign a declaration containing information that shows they\u2019re eligible.\n\nA declaration must be separate (or clearly different) from any order form or invoice for goods or services.\n\n## Energy saving and mobility aids\n\nYou may be able to charge the reduced rate of VAT (5%) for work in residential properties to install:\n\n- certain energy-saving, heating and security products\n\n- mobility aids for people over 60\n\nThis includes the cost of the products themselves if you install them - but if you only supply them you must charge the standard rate of 20%.\n\n## Energy saving, heating and security\n\nYou can charge the reduced rate of VAT on work you do to install qualifying energy-saving products, and certain grant-funded heating and security equipment for people over 60 or on benefits.\n\nYou can also charge the reduced rate for extra work you need to do as part of the installation. But you must charge the standard rate of 20% on all work if the installation is just part of another, bigger job.\n\nFind out more about reduced-rate VAT for energy-saving products and grant-funded heating and security.\n\n## Mobility aids\n\nYou can charge the reduced rate of VAT on work you do to install certain mobility aids for people over 60, either in their own private home or in a private home that they share with their friends or relatives.\n\n## Other types of building\n\nYou may not have to charge VAT for some work you do on certain types of buildings that are not houses or flats, including:\n\n- civil engineering work to develop a residential caravan park\n\n- approved alterations and substantial reconstructions to protected buildings\n\n- converting a non-residential building into a house or communal residential building for a housing association\n\n- constructing certain buildings used by charities for a \u2018relevant charitable purpose\u2019\n\nThere are also certain other types of communal residential building that you do not have to charge VAT on, including:\n\n- children\u2019s homes\n\n- residential care homes\n\n- hospices\n\n- student accommodation\n\n- school boarding houses\n\n- armed forces\u2019 accommodation\n\n- monasteries, nunneries and similar buildings", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Houses and flats

    ", + "

    VAT for most work on houses and flats by builders and similar trades like plumbers, plasterers and carpenters is charged at the standard rate of 20% - but there are some exceptions.

    ", + "

    How you report and pay VAT in the construction industry is changing from 1 October 2019. Find out what you need to do to prepare.

    ", + "

    Zero rate VAT

    ", + "

    You may not have to charge VAT on some types of work if it meets certain conditions, including:

    ", + "
  • building a new house or flat
    • ", + "
  • work for disabled people in their home
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate guide on VAT refunds if you\u2019re building your own home.

    ", + "

    Reduced rate VAT

    ", + "

    You may be able to charge the reduced rate of 5% for some types of work if it meets certain conditions, including:

    ", + "
  • installing energy saving products and certain work for people over 60
    • ", + "
  • converting a building into a house or flats or from one residential use to another
    • ", + "
  • renovating an empty house or flat
    • ", + "
  • home improvements to a domestic property on the Isle of Man
    • ", + "

    Buildings that are not houses or flats

    ", + "

    You do not need to charge VAT for construction work on certain other types of building.

    ", + "

    Building new homes

    ", + "

    You may not have to charge VAT on labour or building materials for work you do on a new house or flat.

    ", + "

    What counts as new

    ", + "

    For work to be zero-rated for VAT, it must qualify as a genuinely new, self-contained house or flat. This means:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s self-contained - there are not any internal doors or connections to other houses or flats
    • ", + "
  • it can be used independently of any other property, including businesses
    • ", + "
  • it can be sold on its own
    • ", + "
  • it has proper planning permission
    • ", + "
  • any existing buildings on the site have been demolished completely to ground level (unless you\u2019re extending an existing building to create a new house or flat)
    • ", + "

    For mixed-use buildings, like a shop with a flat above it, only the work on the residential part can be zero-rated for VAT.

    ", + "

    Find out more about qualifying buildings for zero-rated VAT.

    ", + "

    Timing, labour and materials

    ", + "

    Work that\u2019s zero-rated for VAT must take place during the construction project, or be closely related to it (eg demolishing existing buildings and preparing the site). This is known as work done \u2018in the course of construction\u2019.

    ", + "

    You cannot zero-rate work you do after a building\u2019s finished, apart from correcting defects in the original work (\u2018snagging\u2019).

    ", + "

    All labour on a qualifying building can be zero-rated, but there are special rules on what counts as building materials for VAT purposes.

    ", + "

    Work for disabled people

    ", + "

    You may not have to charge VAT on alterations you make to a disabled person\u2019s home, or certain equipment you supply for their personal use.

    ", + "

    Who qualifies as \u2018disabled\u2019

    ", + "

    To be zero-rated for VAT, the work you\u2019re doing needs to be for someone with a:

    ", + "
  • physical or mental impairment that has a major long-term effect on their ability to do everyday activities
    • ", + "
  • condition that the medical profession treats as a chronic sickness (eg diabetes)
    • ", + "
  • terminal illness
    • ", + "

    Someone who\u2019s temporarily disabled or incapacitated, or elderly and frail but not disabled, does not qualify. However, you may be able to charge reduced-rate VAT at 5% on mobility aids, heating and security work for people over 60.

    ", + "

    Alterations

    ", + "

    Work on a disabled person\u2019s home that can be zero-rated includes:

    ", + "
  • building a ramp
    • ", + "
  • widening (but not building) a doorway or passage
    • ", + "
  • installing, extending or adapting a bathroom, washroom or lavatory to suit their condition
    • ", + "
  • installing, repairing or maintaining a lift used to help them move between floors
    • ", + "
  • preparation and restoration of the immediately surrounding decor
    • ", + "

    Find out more about alterations that can be zero-rated for VAT.

    ", + "

    Equipment designed for disabled people

    ", + "

    You do not have to charge VAT if you supply, install, repair, maintain or adapt certain equipment specifically designed for disabled people if it\u2019s for personal use in their home. This includes:

    ", + "
  • adjustable beds
    • ", + "
  • hoists
    • ", + "
  • chair and stair lifts
    • ", + "
  • sanitary devices
    • ", + "
  • alarms
    • ", + "
  • parts and accessories for qualifying equipment
    • ", + "
  • the cost of adapting something for a disabled person
    • ", + "

    Find out more about zero-rated goods and services for disabled people.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for equipment paid for or arranged by the NHS or any other hospital or nursing home.

    ", + "

    Evidence of eligibility

    ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for making sure that your customer is eligible for zero-rate VAT, and you should be able to prove this from your records.

    ", + "

    You can do this by getting your disabled customers (or a parent, guardian, doctor or another responsible person if they\u2019re not able) to sign a declaration containing information that shows they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    A declaration must be separate (or clearly different) from any order form or invoice for goods or services.

    ", + "

    Energy saving and mobility aids

    ", + "

    You may be able to charge the reduced rate of VAT (5%) for work in residential properties to install:

    ", + "
  • certain energy-saving, heating and security products
    • ", + "
  • mobility aids for people over 60
    • ", + "

    This includes the cost of the products themselves if you install them - but if you only supply them you must charge the standard rate of 20%.

    ", + "

    Energy saving, heating and security

    ", + "

    You can charge the reduced rate of VAT on work you do to install qualifying energy-saving products, and certain grant-funded heating and security equipment for people over 60 or on benefits.

    ", + "

    You can also charge the reduced rate for extra work you need to do as part of the installation. But you must charge the standard rate of 20% on all work if the installation is just part of another, bigger job.

    ", + "

    Find out more about reduced-rate VAT for energy-saving products and grant-funded heating and security.

    ", + "

    Mobility aids

    ", + "

    You can charge the reduced rate of VAT on work you do to install certain mobility aids for people over 60, either in their own private home or in a private home that they share with their friends or relatives.

    ", + "

    Other types of building

    ", + "

    You may not have to charge VAT for some work you do on certain types of buildings that are not houses or flats, including:

    ", + "
  • civil engineering work to develop a residential caravan park
    • ", + "
  • approved alterations and substantial reconstructions to protected buildings
    • ", + "
  • converting a non-residential building into a house or communal residential building for a housing association
    • ", + "
  • constructing certain buildings used by charities for a \u2018relevant charitable purpose\u2019
    • ", + "

    There are also certain other types of communal residential building that you do not have to charge VAT on, including:

    ", + "
  • children\u2019s homes
    • ", + "
  • residential care homes
    • ", + "
  • hospices
    • ", + "
  • student accommodation
    • ", + "
  • school boarding houses
    • ", + "
  • armed forces\u2019 accommodation
    • ", + "
  • monasteries, nunneries and similar buildings
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vat-margin-schemes": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-margin-schemes", + "title": "VAT margin schemes", + "content": "## Overview\n\nVAT margin schemes tax the difference between what you paid for an item and what you sold it for, rather than the full selling price. You pay VAT at 16.67% (one-sixth) on the difference.\n\nYou can choose to use a margin scheme when you sell:\n\n- second-hand goods\n\n- works of art\n\n- antiques\n\n- collectors\u2019 items\n\nYou cannot use a margin scheme for:\n\n- any item you bought for which you were charged VAT\n\n- precious metals\n\n- investment gold\n\n- precious stones\n\n## How to start\n\nYou can start using a margin scheme at any time by keeping the correct records, and then reporting it on your VAT return. You do not have to register.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay VAT on the full selling price of each item if you do not meet all the scheme\u2019s requirements.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nThere are special rules if you\u2019re selling:\n\n- second hand cars\n\n- horses and ponies\n\n- houseboats and caravans\n\n- high volume, low price items - you can use the Global Accounting Scheme, a simplified version of the margin scheme\n\nThere are also special rules for dealers, pawnbrokers and auctioneers.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can only use a margin scheme for:\n\n- second-hand goods\n\n- works of art\n\n- antiques and collectors\u2019 items\n\n## Second-hand goods\n\nGoods that can still be used, or which could be used after repair.\n\n## Works of art\n\nMost items normally described as \u2018works of art\u2019 are eligible. There are some exceptions, for example technical drawings, scenery for theatres and hand-decorated manufactured items.\n\n## Antiques and collectors\u2019 items\n\nAntiques are goods that are over 100 years old. Collectors\u2019 items are stamps, coins and currency and other pieces of scientific, historical or archaeological interest. Not all items that can be collected are eligible for a margin scheme.\n\nThere are special rules for works of art, antiques or collectors\u2019 items imported from outside the European Economic Area (EEA) and works of art bought directly from the creator or their heirs.\n\n## Margin schemes and standard VAT\n\nIf some of the items you buy and sell are not eligible for a margin scheme, you pay and charge VAT for those items in the normal way.\n\nYou cannot include any of the following in your calculations when using a margin scheme:\n\n- business overheads\n\n- repairs\n\n- parts or accessories\n\nInstead, reclaim these on your VAT return in the normal way.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure about a particular item.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou must keep the usual VAT records when you use a margin scheme.\n\nYou must also keep:\n\n- a stockbook that tracks each item sold under the margin scheme individually\n\n- copies of purchase and sales invoices for all items\n\n## Stockbook\n\nYou must record certain information for each item you buy and sell that you want to use a margin scheme for.\n\n| Purchases | Sales |\n\n| Stock number in numerical sequence | - |\n\n| Date of purchase | Date of sale |\n\n| Purchase invoice number (unless you made out the purchase invoice yourself) | Sales invoice number |\n\n| Purchase price | Selling price, or method of disposal |\n\n| Name of seller | Name of buyer |\n\n| Description of the item | - |\n\n| - | Margin on sale (sales price less purchase price) |\n\n| - | VAT due (16.67% or one-sixth) |\n\nYou must keep VAT records for 6 years. You have to keep records until you sell the item for any stock you bought more than 6 years ago that you plan to sell under the margin scheme.\n\n## Invoices\n\nTo use the margin scheme, you must have invoices for each item that meet the VAT margin scheme requirements.\n\nThe margin scheme invoice requirements are not the same as the general VAT invoice requirements.\n\nYou must have:\n\n- an invoice from the seller when you bought the item\n\n- a copy of the invoice you gave to the buyer when you sold the item\n\n## Buying\n\nWhen you buy something you plan to sell under a margin scheme, you must get an invoice from the seller that includes:\n\n- date\n\n- seller\u2019s name and address\n\n- your name and address, or that of your business\n\n- the item\u2019s unique stockbook number (if you bought the item from another VAT-registered business)\n\n- invoice number (unless you made out the purchase invoice yourself)\n\n- item description\n\n- total price - you must not add any other costs to this price\n\n- if you bought the item from another VAT-registered business, any of the following: \u2018margin scheme - second hand goods\u2019, \u2018margin scheme - works of art\u2019 or \u2018margin scheme - collectors\u2019 items and antiques\u2019\n\n## Selling\n\nWhen you sell something you plan to claim for under a VAT margin scheme, you must give the buyer an invoice that includes:\n\n- date\n\n- your name, address and VAT registration number\n\n- the buyer\u2019s name and address, or that of their business\n\n- the item\u2019s unique stock book number\n\n- invoice number\n\n- item description\n\n- total price - you must not show VAT separately\n\n- any of the following: \u2018margin scheme - second hand goods\u2019, \u2018margin scheme - works of art\u2019 or \u2018margin scheme - collectors\u2019 items and antiques\u2019\n\nThere are special rules for using the margin scheme for imports and exports outside the UK. Find out more about the rules.\n\n## VAT return\n\nYou must show any goods you bought or sold using a margin scheme on your VAT return.\n\n## Filling in your VAT return\n\n| Box on the VAT return form | What to fill in |\n\n| Box 1 | Include the output tax due on all eligible goods sold in the period covered by the return |\n\n| Box 6 | Include the full selling price of all eligible goods sold in the period, less any VAT due on the margin |\n\n| Box 7 | Include the full purchase price of eligible goods bought in the period |\n\nYou do not have to include margin scheme purchases or sales in boxes 8 and 9 of your VAT return.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    VAT margin schemes tax the difference between what you paid for an item and what you sold it for, rather than the full selling price. You pay VAT at 16.67% (one-sixth) on the difference.

    ", + "

    You can choose to use a margin scheme when you sell:

    ", + "
  • second-hand goods
    • ", + "
  • works of art
    • ", + "
  • antiques
    • ", + "
  • collectors\u2019 items
    • ", + "

    You cannot use a margin scheme for:

    ", + "
  • any item you bought for which you were charged VAT
    • ", + "
  • precious metals
    • ", + "
  • investment gold
    • ", + "
  • precious stones
    • ", + "

    How to start

    ", + "

    You can start using a margin scheme at any time by keeping the correct records, and then reporting it on your VAT return. You do not have to register.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay VAT on the full selling price of each item if you do not meet all the scheme\u2019s requirements.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    There are special rules if you\u2019re selling:

    ", + "
  • second hand cars
    • ", + "
  • horses and ponies
    • ", + "
  • houseboats and caravans
    • ", + "
  • high volume, low price items - you can use the Global Accounting Scheme, a simplified version of the margin scheme
    • ", + "

    There are also special rules for dealers, pawnbrokers and auctioneers.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can only use a margin scheme for:

    ", + "
  • second-hand goods
    • ", + "
  • works of art
    • ", + "
  • antiques and collectors\u2019 items
    • ", + "

    Second-hand goods

    ", + "

    Goods that can still be used, or which could be used after repair.

    ", + "

    Works of art

    ", + "

    Most items normally described as \u2018works of art\u2019 are eligible. There are some exceptions, for example technical drawings, scenery for theatres and hand-decorated manufactured items.

    ", + "

    Antiques and collectors\u2019 items

    ", + "

    Antiques are goods that are over 100 years old. Collectors\u2019 items are stamps, coins and currency and other pieces of scientific, historical or archaeological interest. Not all items that can be collected are eligible for a margin scheme.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for works of art, antiques or collectors\u2019 items imported from outside the European Economic Area (EEA) and works of art bought directly from the creator or their heirs.

    ", + "

    Margin schemes and standard VAT

    ", + "

    If some of the items you buy and sell are not eligible for a margin scheme, you pay and charge VAT for those items in the normal way.

    ", + "

    You cannot include any of the following in your calculations when using a margin scheme:

    ", + "
  • business overheads
    • ", + "
  • repairs
    • ", + "
  • parts or accessories
    • ", + "

    Instead, reclaim these on your VAT return in the normal way.

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure about a particular item.

    ", + "

    Keeping records

    ", + "

    You must keep the usual VAT records when you use a margin scheme.

    ", + "

    You must also keep:

    ", + "
  • a stockbook that tracks each item sold under the margin scheme individually
    • ", + "
  • copies of purchase and sales invoices for all items
    • ", + "

    Stockbook

    ", + "

    You must record certain information for each item you buy and sell that you want to use a margin scheme for.

    ", + "Purchases | Sales", + "Stock number in numerical sequence | -", + "Date of purchase | Date of sale", + "Purchase invoice number (unless you made out the purchase invoice yourself) | Sales invoice number", + "Purchase price | Selling price, or method of disposal", + "Name of seller | Name of buyer", + "Description of the item | -", + "- | Margin on sale (sales price less purchase price)", + "- | VAT due (16.67% or one-sixth)", + "

    You must keep VAT records for 6 years. You have to keep records until you sell the item for any stock you bought more than 6 years ago that you plan to sell under the margin scheme.

    ", + "

    Invoices

    ", + "

    To use the margin scheme, you must have invoices for each item that meet the VAT margin scheme requirements.

    ", + "

    The margin scheme invoice requirements are not the same as the general VAT invoice requirements.

    ", + "

    You must have:

    ", + "
  • an invoice from the seller when you bought the item
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the invoice you gave to the buyer when you sold the item
    • ", + "

    Buying

    ", + "

    When you buy something you plan to sell under a margin scheme, you must get an invoice from the seller that includes:

    ", + "
  • date
    • ", + "
  • seller\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • your name and address, or that of your business
    • ", + "
  • the item\u2019s unique stockbook number (if you bought the item from another VAT-registered business)
    • ", + "
  • invoice number (unless you made out the purchase invoice yourself)
    • ", + "
  • item description
    • ", + "
  • total price - you must not add any other costs to this price
    • ", + "
  • if you bought the item from another VAT-registered business, any of the following: \u2018margin scheme - second hand goods\u2019, \u2018margin scheme - works of art\u2019 or \u2018margin scheme - collectors\u2019 items and antiques\u2019
    • ", + "

    Selling

    ", + "

    When you sell something you plan to claim for under a VAT margin scheme, you must give the buyer an invoice that includes:

    ", + "
  • date
    • ", + "
  • your name, address and VAT registration number
    • ", + "
  • the buyer\u2019s name and address, or that of their business
    • ", + "
  • the item\u2019s unique stock book number
    • ", + "
  • invoice number
    • ", + "
  • item description
    • ", + "
  • total price - you must not show VAT separately
    • ", + "
  • any of the following: \u2018margin scheme - second hand goods\u2019, \u2018margin scheme - works of art\u2019 or \u2018margin scheme - collectors\u2019 items and antiques\u2019
    • ", + "

    There are special rules for using the margin scheme for imports and exports outside the UK. Find out more about the rules.

    ", + "

    VAT return

    ", + "

    You must show any goods you bought or sold using a margin scheme on your VAT return.

    ", + "

    Filling in your VAT return

    ", + "Box on the VAT return form | What to fill in", + "Box 1 | Include the output tax due on all eligible goods sold in the period covered by the return", + "Box 6 | Include the full selling price of all eligible goods sold in the period, less any VAT due on the margin", + "Box 7 | Include the full purchase price of eligible goods bought in the period", + "

    You do not have to include margin scheme purchases or sales in boxes 8 and 9 of your VAT return.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vat-record-keeping": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-record-keeping", + "title": "VAT record keeping", + "content": "## Overview\n\nVAT-registered businesses must:\n\n- keep records of sales and purchases\n\n- keep a separate summary of VAT called a VAT account\n\n- issue correct VAT invoices\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nVAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019ve signed up for Making Tax Digital for VAT, the records you need to keep are the same as any VAT-registered business but you\u2019ll need to keep some of them digitally.\n\n## How to keep VAT records\n\nYou must keep VAT records for at least 6 years (or 10 years if you used the VAT MOSS service).\n\nYou can keep VAT records on paper, electronically or as part of a software program (such as book-keeping software). Records must be accurate, complete and readable.\n\nIf your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, you must keep a digital record of anything that\u2019s needed for your VAT Return.\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost a VAT invoice or it is damaged and no longer readable, ask the supplier for a duplicate (marked \u2018duplicate\u2019).\n\nHMRC can visit your business to inspect your record keeping and charge you a penalty if your records are not in order.\n\nYou can hire a professional (such as an accountant) if you need help with your VAT.\n\n## VAT invoices\n\nOnly VAT-registered businesses can issue VAT invoices and you must:\n\n- issue and keep valid invoices - these can be paper or electronic\n\n- keep copies of all the sales invoices you issue even if you cancel them or produce one by mistake\n\n- keep all purchase invoices for items you buy\n\n## Valid invoices\n\nYou\u2019ll use a full VAT invoice for most transactions. You can use:\n\n- a modified invoice for retail supplies over \u00a3250\n\n- a simplified invoice for retail supplies under \u00a3250 - and for other supplies from 1 January 2013\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT using an invalid invoice, pro-forma invoice, statement or delivery note.\n\nInclude the following on your invoice, depending on which type you use.\n\n| Invoice information | Full invoice | Simplified invoice | Modified invoice |\n\n| Unique invoice number that follows on from the last invoice | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Your business name and address | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Your VAT number | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Date | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| The tax point (or \u2018time of supply\u2019) if this is different from the invoice date | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Customer\u2019s name or trading name, and address | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Description of the goods or services | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Total amount excluding VAT | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Total amount of VAT | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Price per item, excluding VAT | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Quantity of each type of item | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Rate of any discount per item | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Rate of VAT charged per item - if an item is exempt or zero-rated make clear no VAT on these items | Yes | Yes (1) | Yes |\n\n| Total amount including VAT | No | Yes (1) | Yes |\n\n(1) If items are charged at different VAT rates, then show this for each.\n\n## Accounting schemes\n\nIf you use the Cash Accounting Scheme you have to stamp an invoice with the amount of cash paid and the date.\n\nThere are different rules for record keeping and invoicing if you use a VAT Margin Scheme.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nUsually VAT invoices must be issued within 30 days of the date of supply or the date of payment (if you\u2019re paid in advance).\n\n## International trade\n\nYou do not have to show all amounts on your invoices in sterling. If you issue VAT invoices in a foreign currency or language, you must:\n\n- show the total VAT payable in sterling on your VAT invoice if the supply takes place in the UK\n\n- be able to provide an English translation of any invoice within 30 days if asked to do so by a visiting VAT officer\n\n## Converting to sterling\n\nTo convert to sterling you can:\n\n- use the market selling rate at the time of supply\n\n- use the European Central Bank\u2019s rate\n\n- use HMRC\u2019s period rates of exchange - the rates usually stay the same for each calendar month\n\n- apply to HMRC to use a different method to account for the VAT\n\nThere are different rules if you use the Tour Operator\u2019s Scheme.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou do not need to issue a VAT invoice if:\n\n- your invoice is only for exempt or zero-rated sales within the UK\n\n- you\u2019re giving goods as a gift\n\n- you sell goods under a VAT second-hand margin scheme\n\n- your customer operates a self-billing arrangement\n\n## VAT records\n\nRecords you must keep include:\n\n- copies of all invoices you issue\n\n- all invoices you receive (originals or electronic copies)\n\n- self-billing agreements - this is where the customer prepares the invoice\n\n- name, address and VAT number of any self-billing suppliers\n\n- debit or credit notes\n\n- import and export records\n\n- records of items you cannot reclaim VAT on - for example business entertainment\n\n- records of any goods you give away or take from stock for your private use\n\n- records of all the zero-rated, reduced or VAT exempt items you buy or sell\n\n- a VAT account\n\nYou must also keep general business records such as bank statements, cash books, cheque stubs, paying-in slips and till rolls.\n\nIf you use the Cash Accounting Scheme you must use these records to match them against your payment records and receipts.\n\nIf you supply digital services in the EU and use VAT MOSS, you must keep additional records.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\n## Keeping digital records\n\nVAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.\n\n## Retailers\n\nIf you\u2019re a retailer you do not have to issue VAT invoices unless a customer asks for one. Keep a copy if you do. Retailers can issue \u2018simplified invoices\u2019 for supplies under \u00a3250.\n\n## Debit and credit notes\n\nWhen you return goods to a supplier or a customer returns goods to you, the balance of payment can be settled with a credit or debit note.\n\nRecord these in your accounts and keep any original notes.\n\n## VAT records for Making Tax Digital\n\nVAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 by keeping some records digitally, unless:\n\n- your business uses the VAT GIANT service, for example if you\u2019re a government department or an NHS Trust\n\n- you apply for an exemption\n\nYou can choose to sign up to Making Tax Digital for VAT if your business earns less than \u00a385,000.\n\nFrom 1 April 2022 all VAT registered businesses must sign up, whatever they earn.\n\n## Records you must keep digitally\n\nYou need to keep the following records digitally:\n\n- your business name, address and VAT registration number\n\n- any VAT accounting schemes you use\n\n- the VAT on goods and services you supply, for example everything you sell, lease, transfer or hire out (supplies made)\n\n- the VAT on goods and services you receive, for example everything you buy, lease, rent or hire (supplies received)\n\n- any adjustments you make to a return\n\n- the \u2018time of supply\u2019 and \u2018value of supply\u2019 (value excluding VAT) for everything you buy and sell\n\n- the rate of VAT charged on goods and services you supply\n\n- reverse charge transactions - where you record the VAT on both the sale price and the purchase price of goods and services you buy\n\n- your total daily gross takings if you use a retail scheme\n\n- items you can reclaim VAT on if you use the Flat Rate Scheme\n\n- your total sales, and the VAT on those sales, if you trade in gold and use the Gold Accounting Scheme\n\nYou also need to keep digital copies of documents that cover multiple transactions made on behalf of your business by:\n\n- volunteers for charity fundraising\n\n- a third party business\n\n- employees for expenses in petty cash\n\nYou must add all your transactions to your digital records, but you do not need to scan paper records like invoices or receipts.\n\n## How to keep digital records\n\nYou need to use a compatible software package or other software (like spreadsheets) that connect to HMRC systems.\n\nIf you use more than one software package to keep records and submit returns, you need to link them.\n\nSome ways you can link your software include:\n\n- using formulas to link cells in spreadsheets\n\n- emailing records\n\n- putting records on a portable device to give to your agent\n\n- importing and exporting XML and CSV files\n\n- downloading and uploading files\n\nYou must have links between the software you use by your first VAT period after 1 April 2021.\n\n## When to send your VAT return\n\nThe deadlines for sending your VAT returns will not change after you sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT.\n\nTo see when your next return is due, sign in to your VAT online account.\n\n## How to sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT\n\nHow you sign up depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- a business\n\n- an agent acting for a client\n\n## Sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT\n\nYou must sign up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 if your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, so you can:\n\n- keep digital records\n\n- submit your business\u2019s VAT return using compatible software\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to sign up if you\u2019re an agent.\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou must have compatible software before you sign up.\n\n## What you need\n\nTo sign up you need:\n\n- your business email address\n\n- a Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you use the service\n\n- your VAT registration number and latest VAT return\n\nYou\u2019ll also need:\n\n- your National Insurance number if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- your company registration number and Unique Taxpayer Reference if you\u2019re a limited company or registered society\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference and the postcode where you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment if you\u2019re a general partnership\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference, the postcode where you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment and your company\u2019s registration number if you\u2019re a limited partnership\n\n## When to sign up\n\nIf you already pay by Direct Debit do not sign up too close to the date your return is due, or you may pay twice.\n\nTo avoid this, do not sign up less than:\n\n- 7 days before your return is due\n\n- 5 days after your return is due\n\nIf you do not pay by Direct Debit, sign up at least 3 days before your return is due.\n\nIf you\u2019re finding it difficult to access the service, check if there\u2019s a technical issue or other known problem.\n\nSign up now\n\n## After you\u2019ve signed up\n\nYou should get a confirmation email from noreply@tax.service.gov.uk within 3 days of signing up. It might go to your spam folder.\n\nDo not submit a VAT Return until you get a confirmation email.\n\nContact HMRC if you do not get an email.\n\n## VAT account\n\nYou must keep a separate record of the VAT you charge and the VAT you pay on your purchases. This record is called a \u2018VAT account\u2019.\n\nYou use the figures in your VAT account to complete your VAT Return.\n\nThere are no rules on what a VAT account should look like, but it must show:\n\n- your total VAT sales\n\n- your total VAT purchases\n\n- the VAT you owe HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- the VAT you can reclaim from HMRC\n\n- if your business uses the VAT Flat Rate Scheme - the flat rate percentage and turnover it applies to\n\nIf you are registered for VAT in Northern Ireland, you must also show the VAT on any EU purchases or sales.\n\n## Errors\n\nIf you\u2019ve made an error in your VAT Return the VAT account must show:\n\n- the date you discovered the error\n\n- details about the error - for example how it happened, how you corrected it\n\nYou may also need to report the error to HMRC.\n\n## Bad debts\n\nIf you write off an invoice as a bad debt, you must keep a separate \u2018VAT bad debt account\u2019. The debt must be older than 6 months and for each bad debt you must show:\n\n- total amount of VAT involved\n\n- amount written off and any payments you\u2019ve received\n\n- the VAT you\u2019re claiming on the debt\n\n- the VAT period(s) you paid the VAT and are claiming the relief\n\n- invoices details like date, customer name\n\nYou must keep this information for 4 years.\n\n## Time of supply or tax point\n\nThe tax point (or \u2018time of supply\u2019) for a transaction is the date the transaction takes place for VAT purposes.\n\nYou need to know this because, for example:\n\n- it\u2019s included on VAT invoices\n\n- it tells you which VAT period the transaction belongs to\n\n- it tells you which VAT Return to put the transaction on\n\nThe tax point can vary, but is usually the following.\n\n| Situation | Tax point |\n\n| No invoice needed | Date of supply |\n\n| VAT invoice issued | Date of invoice |\n\n| VAT invoice issued 15 days or more after the date of supply | Date the supply took place |\n\n| Payment or invoice issued in advance of supply | Date of payment or invoice (whichever is earlier) |\n\n| Payment in advance of supply and no VAT invoice yet issued | Date payment received |\n\nThe date of supply is:\n\n- for goods - the date they\u2019re sent, collected or made available (for example installed in the customer\u2019s house)\n\n- for services - the date the work is finished\n\n## Exceptions\n\nIf you use the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme, the tax point is always the date the payment is received.\n\nThere are different tax point rules for:\n\n- certain trades - like barristers, building and construction\n\n- where the supply is not a \u2018sale\u2019 \u2013 for example business items taken for personal use\n\nSometimes, one sale can give rise to 2 or more tax points - for example where the customer pays a deposit in advance, and then a final payment.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    VAT-registered businesses must:

    ", + "
  • keep records of sales and purchases
    • ", + "
  • keep a separate summary of VAT called a VAT account
    • ", + "
  • issue correct VAT invoices
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    VAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve signed up for Making Tax Digital for VAT, the records you need to keep are the same as any VAT-registered business but you\u2019ll need to keep some of them digitally.

    ", + "

    How to keep VAT records

    ", + "

    You must keep VAT records for at least 6 years (or 10 years if you used the VAT MOSS service).

    ", + "

    You can keep VAT records on paper, electronically or as part of a software program (such as book-keeping software). Records must be accurate, complete and readable.

    ", + "

    If your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, you must keep a digital record of anything that\u2019s needed for your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lost a VAT invoice or it is damaged and no longer readable, ask the supplier for a duplicate (marked \u2018duplicate\u2019).

    ", + "

    HMRC can visit your business to inspect your record keeping and charge you a penalty if your records are not in order.

    ", + "

    You can hire a professional (such as an accountant) if you need help with your VAT.

    ", + "

    VAT invoices

    ", + "

    Only VAT-registered businesses can issue VAT invoices and you must:

    ", + "
  • issue and keep valid invoices - these can be paper or electronic
    • ", + "
  • keep copies of all the sales invoices you issue even if you cancel them or produce one by mistake
    • ", + "
  • keep all purchase invoices for items you buy
    • ", + "

    Valid invoices

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll use a full VAT invoice for most transactions. You can use:

    ", + "
  • a modified invoice for retail supplies over \u00a3250
    • ", + "
  • a simplified invoice for retail supplies under \u00a3250 - and for other supplies from 1 January 2013
    • ", + "

    You cannot reclaim VAT using an invalid invoice, pro-forma invoice, statement or delivery note.

    ", + "

    Include the following on your invoice, depending on which type you use.

    ", + "Invoice information | Full invoice | Simplified invoice | Modified invoice", + "Unique invoice number that follows on from the last invoice | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Your business name and address | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Your VAT number | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Date | Yes | No | Yes", + "The tax point (or \u2018time of supply\u2019) if this is different from the invoice date | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Customer\u2019s name or trading name, and address | Yes | No | Yes", + "Description of the goods or services | Yes | Yes | Yes", + "Total amount excluding VAT | Yes | No | Yes", + "Total amount of VAT | Yes | No | Yes", + "Price per item, excluding VAT | Yes | No | Yes", + "Quantity of each type of item | Yes | No | Yes", + "Rate of any discount per item | Yes | No | Yes", + "Rate of VAT charged per item - if an item is exempt or zero-rated make clear no VAT on these items | Yes | Yes (1) | Yes", + "Total amount including VAT | No | Yes (1) | Yes", + "

    (1) If items are charged at different VAT rates, then show this for each.

    ", + "

    Accounting schemes

    ", + "

    If you use the Cash Accounting Scheme you have to stamp an invoice with the amount of cash paid and the date.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for record keeping and invoicing if you use a VAT Margin Scheme.

    ", + "

    Deadlines

    ", + "

    Usually VAT invoices must be issued within 30 days of the date of supply or the date of payment (if you\u2019re paid in advance).

    ", + "

    International trade

    ", + "

    You do not have to show all amounts on your invoices in sterling. If you issue VAT invoices in a foreign currency or language, you must:

    ", + "
  • show the total VAT payable in sterling on your VAT invoice if the supply takes place in the UK
    • ", + "
  • be able to provide an English translation of any invoice within 30 days if asked to do so by a visiting VAT officer
    • ", + "

    Converting to sterling

    ", + "

    To convert to sterling you can:

    ", + "
  • use the market selling rate at the time of supply
    • ", + "
  • use the European Central Bank\u2019s rate
    • ", + "
  • use HMRC\u2019s period rates of exchange - the rates usually stay the same for each calendar month
    • ", + "
  • apply to HMRC to use a different method to account for the VAT
    • ", + "

    There are different rules if you use the Tour Operator\u2019s Scheme.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You do not need to issue a VAT invoice if:

    ", + "
  • your invoice is only for exempt or zero-rated sales within the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re giving goods as a gift
    • ", + "
  • you sell goods under a VAT second-hand margin scheme
    • ", + "
  • your customer operates a self-billing arrangement
    • ", + "

    VAT records

    ", + "

    Records you must keep include:

    ", + "
  • copies of all invoices you issue
    • ", + "
  • all invoices you receive (originals or electronic copies)
    • ", + "
  • self-billing agreements - this is where the customer prepares the invoice
    • ", + "
  • name, address and VAT number of any self-billing suppliers
    • ", + "
  • debit or credit notes
    • ", + "
  • import and export records
    • ", + "
  • records of items you cannot reclaim VAT on - for example business entertainment
    • ", + "
  • records of any goods you give away or take from stock for your private use
    • ", + "
  • records of all the zero-rated, reduced or VAT exempt items you buy or sell
    • ", + "
  • a VAT account
    • ", + "

    You must also keep general business records such as bank statements, cash books, cheque stubs, paying-in slips and till rolls.

    ", + "

    If you use the Cash Accounting Scheme you must use these records to match them against your payment records and receipts.

    ", + "

    If you supply digital services in the EU and use VAT MOSS, you must keep additional records.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.

    ", + "

    Keeping digital records

    ", + "

    VAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.

    ", + "

    Retailers

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a retailer you do not have to issue VAT invoices unless a customer asks for one. Keep a copy if you do. Retailers can issue \u2018simplified invoices\u2019 for supplies under \u00a3250.

    ", + "

    Debit and credit notes

    ", + "

    When you return goods to a supplier or a customer returns goods to you, the balance of payment can be settled with a credit or debit note.

    ", + "

    Record these in your accounts and keep any original notes.

    ", + "

    VAT records for Making Tax Digital

    ", + "

    VAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 by keeping some records digitally, unless:

    ", + "
  • your business uses the VAT GIANT service, for example if you\u2019re a government department or an NHS Trust
    • ", + "
  • you apply for an exemption
    • ", + "

    You can choose to sign up to Making Tax Digital for VAT if your business earns less than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    From 1 April 2022 all VAT registered businesses must sign up, whatever they earn.

    ", + "

    Records you must keep digitally

    ", + "

    You need to keep the following records digitally:

    ", + "
  • your business name, address and VAT registration number
    • ", + "
  • any VAT accounting schemes you use
    • ", + "
  • the VAT on goods and services you supply, for example everything you sell, lease, transfer or hire out (supplies made)
    • ", + "
  • the VAT on goods and services you receive, for example everything you buy, lease, rent or hire (supplies received)
    • ", + "
  • any adjustments you make to a return
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018time of supply\u2019 and \u2018value of supply\u2019 (value excluding VAT) for everything you buy and sell
    • ", + "
  • the rate of VAT charged on goods and services you supply
    • ", + "
  • reverse charge transactions - where you record the VAT on both the sale price and the purchase price of goods and services you buy
    • ", + "
  • your total daily gross takings if you use a retail scheme
    • ", + "
  • items you can reclaim VAT on if you use the Flat Rate Scheme
    • ", + "
  • your total sales, and the VAT on those sales, if you trade in gold and use the Gold Accounting Scheme
    • ", + "

    You also need to keep digital copies of documents that cover multiple transactions made on behalf of your business by:

    ", + "
  • volunteers for charity fundraising
    • ", + "
  • a third party business
    • ", + "
  • employees for expenses in petty cash
    • ", + "

    You must add all your transactions to your digital records, but you do not need to scan paper records like invoices or receipts.

    ", + "

    How to keep digital records

    ", + "

    You need to use a compatible software package or other software (like spreadsheets) that connect to HMRC systems.

    ", + "

    If you use more than one software package to keep records and submit returns, you need to link them.

    ", + "

    Some ways you can link your software include:

    ", + "
  • using formulas to link cells in spreadsheets
    • ", + "
  • emailing records
    • ", + "
  • putting records on a portable device to give to your agent
    • ", + "
  • importing and exporting XML and CSV files
    • ", + "
  • downloading and uploading files
    • ", + "

    You must have links between the software you use by your first VAT period after 1 April 2021.

    ", + "

    When to send your VAT return

    ", + "

    The deadlines for sending your VAT returns will not change after you sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT.

    ", + "

    To see when your next return is due, sign in to your VAT online account.

    ", + "

    How to sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT

    ", + "

    How you sign up depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a business
    • ", + "
  • an agent acting for a client
    • ", + "

    Sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT

    ", + "

    You must sign up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 if your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, so you can:

    ", + "
  • keep digital records
    • ", + "
  • submit your business\u2019s VAT return using compatible software
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to sign up if you\u2019re an agent.

    ", + "

    Before you start

    ", + "

    You must have compatible software before you sign up.

    ", + "

    What you need

    ", + "

    To sign up you need:

    ", + "
  • your business email address
    • ", + "
  • a Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you use the service
    • ", + "
  • your VAT registration number and latest VAT return
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need:

    ", + "
  • your National Insurance number if you\u2019re a sole trader
    • ", + "
  • your company registration number and Unique Taxpayer Reference if you\u2019re a limited company or registered society
    • ", + "
  • your Unique Taxpayer Reference and the postcode where you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment if you\u2019re a general partnership
    • ", + "
  • your Unique Taxpayer Reference, the postcode where you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment and your company\u2019s registration number if you\u2019re a limited partnership
    • ", + "

    When to sign up

    ", + "

    If you already pay by Direct Debit do not sign up too close to the date your return is due, or you may pay twice.

    ", + "

    To avoid this, do not sign up less than:

    ", + "
  • 7 days before your return is due
    • ", + "
  • 5 days after your return is due
    • ", + "

    If you do not pay by Direct Debit, sign up at least 3 days before your return is due.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re finding it difficult to access the service, check if there\u2019s a technical issue or other known problem.

    ", + "

    Sign up now

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve signed up

    ", + "

    You should get a confirmation email from noreply@tax.service.gov.uk within 3 days of signing up. It might go to your spam folder.

    ", + "

    Do not submit a VAT Return until you get a confirmation email.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you do not get an email.

    ", + "

    VAT account

    ", + "

    You must keep a separate record of the VAT you charge and the VAT you pay on your purchases. This record is called a \u2018VAT account\u2019.

    ", + "

    You use the figures in your VAT account to complete your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    There are no rules on what a VAT account should look like, but it must show:

    ", + "
  • your total VAT sales
    • ", + "
  • your total VAT purchases
    • ", + "
  • the VAT you owe HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • the VAT you can reclaim from HMRC
    • ", + "
  • if your business uses the VAT Flat Rate Scheme - the flat rate percentage and turnover it applies to
    • ", + "

    If you are registered for VAT in Northern Ireland, you must also show the VAT on any EU purchases or sales.

    ", + "

    Errors

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve made an error in your VAT Return the VAT account must show:

    ", + "
  • the date you discovered the error
    • ", + "
  • details about the error - for example how it happened, how you corrected it
    • ", + "

    You may also need to report the error to HMRC.

    ", + "

    Bad debts

    ", + "

    If you write off an invoice as a bad debt, you must keep a separate \u2018VAT bad debt account\u2019. The debt must be older than 6 months and for each bad debt you must show:

    ", + "
  • total amount of VAT involved
    • ", + "
  • amount written off and any payments you\u2019ve received
    • ", + "
  • the VAT you\u2019re claiming on the debt
    • ", + "
  • the VAT period(s) you paid the VAT and are claiming the relief
    • ", + "
  • invoices details like date, customer name
    • ", + "

    You must keep this information for 4 years.

    ", + "

    Time of supply or tax point

    ", + "

    The tax point (or \u2018time of supply\u2019) for a transaction is the date the transaction takes place for VAT purposes.

    ", + "

    You need to know this because, for example:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s included on VAT invoices
    • ", + "
  • it tells you which VAT period the transaction belongs to
    • ", + "
  • it tells you which VAT Return to put the transaction on
    • ", + "

    The tax point can vary, but is usually the following.

    ", + "Situation | Tax point", + "No invoice needed | Date of supply", + "VAT invoice issued | Date of invoice", + "VAT invoice issued 15 days or more after the date of supply | Date the supply took place", + "Payment or invoice issued in advance of supply | Date of payment or invoice (whichever is earlier)", + "Payment in advance of supply and no VAT invoice yet issued | Date payment received", + "

    The date of supply is:

    ", + "
  • for goods - the date they\u2019re sent, collected or made available (for example installed in the customer\u2019s house)
    • ", + "
  • for services - the date the work is finished
    • ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    If you use the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme, the tax point is always the date the payment is received.

    ", + "

    There are different tax point rules for:

    ", + "
  • certain trades - like barristers, building and construction
    • ", + "
  • where the supply is not a \u2018sale\u2019 \u2013 for example business items taken for personal use
    • ", + "

    Sometimes, one sale can give rise to 2 or more tax points - for example where the customer pays a deposit in advance, and then a final payment.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/vat-retail-schemes": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-retail-schemes", + "title": "VAT retail schemes", + "content": "## How VAT retail schemes work\n\nIf you sell goods you must calculate how much VAT to record in your VAT account.\n\nFor goods sold inclusive of VAT, you must deduct the VAT you have to record. For goods sold exclusive of VAT, you must add it.\n\nVAT retail schemes can make calculating your VAT simpler. Instead of calculating the VAT for each sale you make, you do it once with each VAT return.\n\nThere are 3 standard VAT retail schemes:\n\n- Point of Sale Scheme - you identify and record the VAT at the time of sale\n\n- Apportionment Scheme - you buy goods for resale\n\n- Direct Calculation Scheme - you make a small proportion of sales at one VAT rate and the majority at another rate\n\nIf your turnover excluding VAT is over \u00a3130 million you must agree a bespoke retail scheme with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou can use a retail scheme together with the Cash Accounting Scheme and the Annual Accounting Scheme.\n\nYou can\u2019t use retail schemes with the Flat Rate Scheme.\n\n## Joining and using a scheme\n\nYou can join a retail scheme at the beginning of any VAT period. You don\u2019t need to tell HMRC.\n\nIt\u2019s up to you which scheme you join. The calculations you have to do vary for each scheme.\n\nYou must provide an individual VAT invoice if a customer asks for one.\n\n## Changing and leaving a scheme\n\nYou can leave a scheme at the end of any VAT period. If your turnover rises above \u00a3130 million you\u2019ll have to leave the scheme immediately.\n\nYou can change to another scheme after 1 year of joining a scheme.\n\n## Caterers, pharmacists and florists\n\nThere are separate rules if you\u2019re a:\n\n- caterer\n\n- pharmacist\n\n- florist\n\n## Point of Sale Scheme\n\n## Who can use it\n\nYou can use this scheme if you can identify the VAT rate for goods sold at the time of sale, eg you have an electronic till that does this for you.\n\n## How to calculate your VAT\n\n- Add up all the sales for each VAT rate for the VAT return period.\n\n- For 20% rated goods, divide the sales by 6. For 5% rated goods, divide the sales by 21.\n\n## Apportionment Scheme\n\n## Who can use it\n\nYou can only use this scheme if you buy goods for resale.\n\nYou can\u2019t use apportionment if you provide:\n\n- services\n\n- goods that you\u2019ve made or grown yourself\n\n- catering services\n\nYour turnover, excluding VAT, can\u2019t be more than \u00a31 million a year.\n\nThere is a separate scheme for businesses with a turnover of between \u00a31 and \u00a3130 million.\n\n## How to calculate your VAT\n\n- Calculate the total value of goods purchased for resale in the VAT period for each VAT rate.\n\n- Divide the total of purchases for each VAT rate by the total for all purchases.\n\n- Multiply the outcome by your total sales, divided by 6 for 20% rated goods, and divided by 21 for 5% rated goods.\n\n## Direct Calculation Scheme\n\n## Who can use it\n\nYou might want to use this scheme if you make a small proportion of sales at one VAT rate and the majority at another rate.\n\nYour turnover, excluding VAT, can\u2019t be more than \u00a31 million a year.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate scheme for businesses with a turnover of between \u00a31 million and \u00a3130 million.\n\n## How to calculate your VAT\n\n- Calculate the expected selling prices (ESPs) for your minority or majority goods. Use the one that\u2019s easier.\n\n- Total up the ESP for the VAT period.\n\n- If your goods are standard rated at 20% divide the total ESP by 6. If they\u2019re zero rated, deduct the total ESP from your total sales. This will give you your sales at 20%. Then divide by 6.\n\n- If you have reduced-rate (5%) goods deduct the ESP of this from your sales before calculating your VAT at 20%. Then calculate the VAT due on reduced-rate goods by dividing the ESP of these by 21. Add this figure to your 20% VAT to get total VAT due.\n\nYou must make an annual stock adjustment if your annual turnover is between \u00a31 million and \u00a3130 million.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How VAT retail schemes work

    ", + "

    If you sell goods you must calculate how much VAT to record in your VAT account.

    ", + "

    For goods sold inclusive of VAT, you must deduct the VAT you have to record. For goods sold exclusive of VAT, you must add it.

    ", + "

    VAT retail schemes can make calculating your VAT simpler. Instead of calculating the VAT for each sale you make, you do it once with each VAT return.

    ", + "

    There are 3 standard VAT retail schemes:

    ", + "
  • Point of Sale Scheme - you identify and record the VAT at the time of sale
    • ", + "
  • Apportionment Scheme - you buy goods for resale
    • ", + "
  • Direct Calculation Scheme - you make a small proportion of sales at one VAT rate and the majority at another rate
    • ", + "

    If your turnover excluding VAT is over \u00a3130 million you must agree a bespoke retail scheme with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You can use a retail scheme together with the Cash Accounting Scheme and the Annual Accounting Scheme.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use retail schemes with the Flat Rate Scheme.

    ", + "

    Joining and using a scheme

    ", + "

    You can join a retail scheme at the beginning of any VAT period. You don\u2019t need to tell HMRC.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to you which scheme you join. The calculations you have to do vary for each scheme.

    ", + "

    You must provide an individual VAT invoice if a customer asks for one.

    ", + "

    Changing and leaving a scheme

    ", + "

    You can leave a scheme at the end of any VAT period. If your turnover rises above \u00a3130 million you\u2019ll have to leave the scheme immediately.

    ", + "

    You can change to another scheme after 1 year of joining a scheme.

    ", + "

    Caterers, pharmacists and florists

    ", + "

    There are separate rules if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • caterer
    • ", + "
  • pharmacist
    • ", + "
  • florist
    • ", + "

    Point of Sale Scheme

    ", + "

    Who can use it

    ", + "

    You can use this scheme if you can identify the VAT rate for goods sold at the time of sale, eg you have an electronic till that does this for you.

    ", + "

    How to calculate your VAT

    ", + "
  • Add up all the sales for each VAT rate for the VAT return period.
    • ", + "
  • For 20% rated goods, divide the sales by 6. For 5% rated goods, divide the sales by 21.
    • ", + "

    Apportionment Scheme

    ", + "

    Who can use it

    ", + "

    You can only use this scheme if you buy goods for resale.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use apportionment if you provide:

    ", + "
  • services
    • ", + "
  • goods that you\u2019ve made or grown yourself
    • ", + "
  • catering services
    • ", + "

    Your turnover, excluding VAT, can\u2019t be more than \u00a31 million a year.

    ", + "

    There is a separate scheme for businesses with a turnover of between \u00a31 and \u00a3130 million.

    ", + "

    How to calculate your VAT

    ", + "
  • Calculate the total value of goods purchased for resale in the VAT period for each VAT rate.
    • ", + "
  • Divide the total of purchases for each VAT rate by the total for all purchases.
    • ", + "
  • Multiply the outcome by your total sales, divided by 6 for 20% rated goods, and divided by 21 for 5% rated goods.
    • ", + "

    Direct Calculation Scheme

    ", + "

    Who can use it

    ", + "

    You might want to use this scheme if you make a small proportion of sales at one VAT rate and the majority at another rate.

    ", + "

    Your turnover, excluding VAT, can\u2019t be more than \u00a31 million a year.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a separate scheme for businesses with a turnover of between \u00a31 million and \u00a3130 million.

    ", + "

    How to calculate your VAT

    ", + "
  • Calculate the expected selling prices (ESPs) for your minority or majority goods. Use the one that\u2019s easier.
    • ", + "
  • Total up the ESP for the VAT period.
    • ", + "
  • If your goods are standard rated at 20% divide the total ESP by 6. If they\u2019re zero rated, deduct the total ESP from your total sales. This will give you your sales at 20%. Then divide by 6.
    • ", + "
  • If you have reduced-rate (5%) goods deduct the ESP of this from your sales before calculating your VAT at 20%. Then calculate the VAT due on reduced-rate goods by dividing the ESP of these by 21. Add this figure to your 20% VAT to get total VAT due.
    • ", + "

    You must make an annual stock adjustment if your annual turnover is between \u00a31 million and \u00a3130 million.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/state-pension-if-you-retire-abroad": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/state-pension-if-you-retire-abroad", + "title": "State Pension if you retire abroad", + "content": "## Claim State Pension abroad\n\nYou can claim State Pension abroad if you\u2019ve paid enough UK National Insurance contributions to qualify.\n\nGet a State Pension forecast if you need to find out how much State Pension you may get.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nYou must be within 4 months of your State Pension age to claim.\n\nTo claim your pension, you can either:\n\n- contact the International Pension Centre\n\n- send the international claim form to the International Pension Centre (the address is on the form)\n\n## If you live part of the year abroad\n\nYou must choose which country you want your pension to be paid in. You cannot be paid in one country for part of the year and another for the rest of the year.\n\n## Bank accounts your pension can be paid into\n\nYour State Pension can be paid into:\n\n- a bank in the country you\u2019re living in\n\n- a bank or building society in the UK\n\nYou can use:\n\n- an account in your name\n\n- a joint account\n\n- someone else\u2019s account - if you have their permission and keep to the terms and conditions of the account\n\nYou\u2019ll need the international bank account number (IBAN) and bank identification code (BIC) numbers if you have an overseas account.\n\nYou\u2019ll be paid in local currency - the amount you get may change due to exchange rates.\n\n## When you\u2019ll get paid\n\nYou can choose to be paid every 4 or 13 weeks.\n\nIf your State Pension is under \u00a35 per week, you\u2019ll be paid once a year in December.\n\n## Delays to payments around US bank holidays\n\nIf you live abroad and your payment is due in the same week as a US bank holiday, it could arrive one day late. This is because a US company processes these payments.\n\n## How your pension is affected\n\nYour State Pension will only increase each year if you live in:\n\n- the European Economic Area (EEA)\n\n- Gibraltar\n\n- Switzerland\n\n- countries that have a social security agreement with the UK (but you cannot get increases in Canada or New Zealand)\n\nYou will not get yearly increases if you live outside these countries.\n\nYour pension will go up to the current rate if you return to live in the UK.\n\n## Get advice\n\nContact the International Pension Centre if you want advice on how your pension might be affected if you\u2019ve already retired and are thinking of moving abroad.\n\n## Paying tax\n\nHow much tax you\u2019ll pay and where you pay it depends on where you\u2019re considered to be a resident.\n\n## UK residents\n\nYou may have to pay UK tax on your State Pension if you live abroad but are classed as a UK resident for tax purposes. The amount you pay depends on your income.\n\n## Overseas residents\n\nYou may be taxed on your State Pension by the UK and the country where you live. \nIf you pay tax twice, you can usually claim tax relief to get all or some of it back.\n\nIf the country you live in has a \u2018double taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK, you\u2019ll only pay tax on your pension once. This may be to the UK or the country where you live, depending on that country\u2019s tax agreement.\n\n## Report a change in your circumstances\n\nReport changes (such as a change of address or bank details) to the International Pension Centre by phone or in writing - do not send changes by email.\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to fill in a \u2018life certificate\u2019\n\nYou may get a \u2018life certificate\u2019 form from the Department for Work and Pensions to check you\u2019re still eligible for the State Pension.\n\nYou need to get the form signed by a witness. The instructions are on the form.\n\nYour witness does not have to live in the UK or have a passport from any specific country.\n\nThe people who can sign the form are the same as those who can \u2018countersign\u2019 a passport photo.\n\nYour payments may be suspended if you do not send the form back.\n\n## Returning to the UK\n\nContact the Pension Service - you need your return date and contact details, both abroad and in the UK.\n\nCall HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to say you\u2019re returning to the UK.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Claim State Pension abroad

    ", + "

    You can claim State Pension abroad if you\u2019ve paid enough UK National Insurance contributions to qualify.

    ", + "

    Get a State Pension forecast if you need to find out how much State Pension you may get.

    ", + "

    Make a claim

    ", + "

    You must be within 4 months of your State Pension age to claim.

    ", + "

    To claim your pension, you can either:

    ", + "
  • contact the International Pension Centre
    • ", + "
  • send the international claim form to the International Pension Centre (the address is on the form)
    • ", + "

    If you live part of the year abroad

    ", + "

    You must choose which country you want your pension to be paid in. You cannot be paid in one country for part of the year and another for the rest of the year.

    ", + "

    Bank accounts your pension can be paid into

    ", + "

    Your State Pension can be paid into:

    ", + "
  • a bank in the country you\u2019re living in
    • ", + "
  • a bank or building society in the UK
    • ", + "

    You can use:

    ", + "
  • an account in your name
    • ", + "
  • a joint account
    • ", + "
  • someone else\u2019s account - if you have their permission and keep to the terms and conditions of the account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the international bank account number (IBAN) and bank identification code (BIC) numbers if you have an overseas account.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be paid in local currency - the amount you get may change due to exchange rates.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll get paid

    ", + "

    You can choose to be paid every 4 or 13 weeks.

    ", + "

    If your State Pension is under \u00a35 per week, you\u2019ll be paid once a year in December.

    ", + "

    Delays to payments around US bank holidays

    ", + "

    If you live abroad and your payment is due in the same week as a US bank holiday, it could arrive one day late. This is because a US company processes these payments.

    ", + "

    How your pension is affected

    ", + "

    Your State Pension will only increase each year if you live in:

    ", + "
  • the European Economic Area (EEA)
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • countries that have a social security agreement with the UK (but you cannot get increases in Canada or New Zealand)
    • ", + "

    You will not get yearly increases if you live outside these countries.

    ", + "

    Your pension will go up to the current rate if you return to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    Get advice

    ", + "

    Contact the International Pension Centre if you want advice on how your pension might be affected if you\u2019ve already retired and are thinking of moving abroad.

    ", + "

    Paying tax

    ", + "

    How much tax you\u2019ll pay and where you pay it depends on where you\u2019re considered to be a resident.

    ", + "

    UK residents

    ", + "

    You may have to pay UK tax on your State Pension if you live abroad but are classed as a UK resident for tax purposes. The amount you pay depends on your income.

    ", + "

    Overseas residents

    ", + "

    You may be taxed on your State Pension by the UK and the country where you live. \nIf you pay tax twice, you can usually claim tax relief to get all or some of it back.

    ", + "

    If the country you live in has a \u2018double taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK, you\u2019ll only pay tax on your pension once. This may be to the UK or the country where you live, depending on that country\u2019s tax agreement.

    ", + "

    Report a change in your circumstances

    ", + "

    Report changes (such as a change of address or bank details) to the International Pension Centre by phone or in writing - do not send changes by email.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked to fill in a \u2018life certificate\u2019

    ", + "

    You may get a \u2018life certificate\u2019 form from the Department for Work and Pensions to check you\u2019re still eligible for the State Pension.

    ", + "

    You need to get the form signed by a witness. The instructions are on the form.

    ", + "

    Your witness does not have to live in the UK or have a passport from any specific country.

    ", + "

    The people who can sign the form are the same as those who can \u2018countersign\u2019 a passport photo.

    ", + "

    Your payments may be suspended if you do not send the form back.

    ", + "

    Returning to the UK

    ", + "

    Contact the Pension Service - you need your return date and contact details, both abroad and in the UK.

    ", + "

    Call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to say you\u2019re returning to the UK.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/taking-your-pet-abroad": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-your-pet-abroad", + "title": "Taking your pet dog, cat or ferret abroad", + "content": "## Overview\n\nWhen travelling with your pet dog, cat or ferret abroad, what you need to do will depend on what country you\u2019re going to.\n\nThere are different rules for travelling with your pet to an EU country or Northern Ireland and for taking your pet to a non-EU country.\n\nThere\u2019s different guidance if you\u2019re bringing your pet dog, cat or ferret to the UK.\n\n## Travelling to an EU country or Northern Ireland\n\nYou can no longer use a pet passport issued in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) for travel to an EU country or Northern Ireland. You can still use a pet passport issued in an EU country or Northern Ireland.\n\nWhen travelling to an EU country or Northern Ireland, your pet needs:\n\n- a microchip\n\n- a valid rabies vaccination\n\n- an animal health certificate unless you have a pet passport issued in an EU country or Northern Ireland\n\n- tapeworm treatment for dogs if you\u2019re travelling directly to Finland, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Norway or Malta\n\nThese requirements also apply to assistance dogs.\n\nCheck the rules of the country you\u2019re travelling to for any additional restrictions or requirements before you travel.\n\n## Travelling from Great Britain to Northern Ireland in early 2021\n\nIf you have a pet passport issued in Northern Ireland, contact your vet for advice before travelling.\n\nYou can also read about changes to pet travel on the NIDirect website.\n\n## Arriving in an EU country or Northern Ireland\n\nYou\u2019ll need to go through a travellers\u2019 point of entry when you arrive in an EU country or Northern Ireland.\n\nYou may need to show your pet\u2019s animal health certificate along with proof of their:\n\n- microchip\n\n- rabies vaccination\n\n- tapeworm treatment (if required)\n\n## Repeat trips to an EU country or Northern Ireland\n\nYour pet will need a new animal health certificate for each trip to an EU country or Northern Ireland.\n\nYour pet will not need a repeat rabies vaccination so long as it\u2019s rabies vaccinations are up to date.\n\nYour dog will need tapeworm treatment for each trip if you\u2019re travelling directly to Finland, Ireland, Malta, Northern Ireland or Norway.\n\n## Travelling with more than 5 pets\n\nYou cannot take more than 5 pets to an EU country or Northern Ireland unless you\u2019re attending or training for a:\n\n- competition\n\n- show\n\n- sporting event\n\nYou\u2019ll need written evidence of registration for the event when you travel.\n\nAll your pets must:\n\n- be attending the event or training\n\n- be over 6 months old\n\n- meet all the other requirements for pet travel to that country\n\n## Exporting pets for commercial purposes\n\nRead the Border Operating Model if you want to export pets to an EU country or Northern Ireland for commercial reasons such as change of ownership.\n\n## Travelling to a non-EU country\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling to a non-EU country, you\u2019ll need to get an export health certificate (EHC). You\u2019ll also need to complete an export application form (EXA) if you\u2019re in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nThe export health certificate and the export application form for each country and pet will tell you how to apply.\n\nAn EHC checks that your pet meets the health requirements of the country you\u2019re travelling to.\n\nYou must nominate an official vet who will be sent the EHC. They\u2019ll check your pet has met the correct health and identification requirements before you travel.\n\nCheck the rules of the country you\u2019re travelling to for any additional restrictions or requirements before you travel.\n\n## Getting an animal health certificate\n\nYou need an animal health certificate for your dog, cat or ferret if you\u2019re travelling from Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) to an EU country or Northern Ireland.\n\nYou do not need an animal health certificate if you have a pet passport issued in an EU country or Northern Ireland.\n\n## How to get an animal health certificate\n\nYou must take your pet to your vet to get an animal health certificate. You need to do this no more than 10 days before you travel.\n\nThe certificate needs to be signed by an \u2018official veterinarian\u2019 (OV). Check your vet can issue animal health certificates. If they cannot, ask them to help you find an OV.\n\nWhen you visit your vet, you\u2019ll need to take proof of your pet\u2019s:\n\n- microchipping date\n\n- vaccination history\n\nYour pet\u2019s animal health certificate will be valid after the date of issue for:\n\n- 10 days for entry into the EU or Northern Ireland\n\n- 4 months for onward travel within the EU\n\n- 4 months for re-entry to Great Britain\n\nYour pet will need a new animal health certificate for each trip to an EU country or Northern Ireland from Great Britain.\n\n## Microchip\n\nYou must get your pet microchipped before, or at the same time as, their rabies vaccination. If you do not, they\u2019ll need to be vaccinated again.\n\nMicrochipping for pet travel can only be done by:\n\n- a vet\n\n- a vet nurse, student vet or student vet nurse (directed by a vet)\n\n- someone trained in microchipping before 29 December 2014, and with practical experience\n\n- someone who has been assessed on an approved training course - contact the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs\n (DAERA) if the course was in Northern Ireland\n\nMake sure your vet puts the microchip number in your animal health certificate. The date must be before your pet\u2019s vaccinations.\n\n## Reading the microchip\n\nAirlines, train and ferry companies in the EU can read microchips that meet International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards ISO 11784 and ISO 11785.\n\nYou may have to bring your own microchip reader when you travel if your pet\u2019s microchip does not meet ISO standards. You should check with your travel company before you leave.\n\n## If the microchip cannot be read\n\nYou\u2019ll have to do all the preparation again if your vet cannot read the microchip. This means you\u2019ll have to ask your vet to:\n\n- rechip your pet\n\n- revaccinate your pet\n\n- issue a new animal health certificate if you\u2019re travelling to the EU or Northern Ireland\n\n- record new microchips in the \u2018Marking of animals\u2019 section of the new animal health certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll have to wait the required time before you can travel if your pet is revaccinated or has new blood tests.\n\n## If the microchip can only sometimes be read\n\nYour vet should try to read the microchip. If they get a reading, they can rechip your pet (the original chip is not removed).\n\nThis must be recorded in the animal health certificate in the \u2018Marking of animals\u2019 section with:\n\n- the number of the old and new chips\n\n- the date they were read\n\n- the date the new chip was inserted\n\nThe vet must sign and stamp the page in the animal health certificate.\n\nYour vet should record in the \u2018Others\u2019 section of the animal health certificate that your pet has been rechipped.\n\n## Tattoo\n\nYou do not need to have your pet microchipped if it\u2019s been tattooed with an identification number and all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re travelling to the EU or Northern Ireland\n\n- your pet was tattooed on or before 3 July 2011\n\n- the tattoo is clearly legible\n\n- your pet was vaccinated against rabies after it was tattooed\n\nYour vet must record the date of tattooing, the tattoo number and the date of the rabies vaccination in the animal health certificate.\n\n## Rabies vaccination, boosters and blood tests\n\nYou must get your dog, cat or ferret vaccinated against rabies before it can travel. Your vet needs proof that your pet\u2019s at least 12 weeks old before vaccinating them.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking your pet to the EU or Northern Ireland, you must wait 21 days after the primary vaccination before you travel.\n\nYou must get your pet microchipped before, or at the same time as, their rabies vaccination. If you do not, they\u2019ll need to be vaccinated again.\n\nThe vaccine must be an inactivated vaccine or recombinant vaccine that\u2019s approved in the country of use.\n\n## Booster vaccinations\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling with your pet, you must get regular rabies booster vaccinations for your pet. Check your animal health certificate to find out when the booster vaccination is due.\n\nYou will not need to get repeat vaccinations for repeat trips to the EU or Northern Ireland if your pet\u2019s rabies vaccination is up to date.\n\n## Vaccination record\n\nYour pet\u2019s vaccination record in their animal health certificate must show:\n\n- your pet\u2019s date of birth\n\n- microchip number, date it was put in or read, and where it is on your pet\u2019s body\n\n- vaccination date\n\n- vaccine manufacturer and product name\n\n- vaccine batch number\n\n- date the vaccination is valid until\n\n- the vet\u2019s signature and contact details\n\nYour pet can be stopped from travelling if the details in their animal health certificate are in the wrong place.\n\n## Tapeworm treatment for dogs\n\nA vet must treat your dog for tapeworm and record it in the animal health certificate if you\u2019re travelling directly to:\n\n- Finland\n\n- Ireland\n\n- Malta\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n- Norway\n\nThe treatment must have been given no less than 24 hours and no more than 120 hours (5 days) before you arrive.\n\nThe treatment must:\n\n- be approved for use in the country it\u2019s being given in\n\n- contain praziquantel or an equivalent proven to be effective against the Echinococcus multilocularis tapeworm\n\n## Short trips\n\nIf you\u2019re leaving Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) for a short trip to visit countries other than Finland, Ireland, Malta, Northern Ireland or Norway, you could have your dog treated by a vet before you go.\n\nYou must wait for 24 hours before re-entering Great Britain and return within 120 hours or you\u2019ll need to get another treatment abroad.\n\n## Information your vet needs to record\n\nCheck the vet has put the following details in the \u2018Echinococcus treatment\u2019 section of your dog\u2019s pet animal health certificate:\n\n- the name and manufacturer of the product\n\n- the date and time they treated your dog\n\n- their stamp and signature\n\n## Help and support\n\nYou can contact the Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) if you\u2019ve got questions or need more information.\n\n## If you\u2019re travelling to the EU or Northern Ireland\n\nContact the Pet Travel Scheme helpline if you need more information about pet travel.\n\n## If you\u2019re travelling to a non-EU country\n\nContact APHA if you need more information about pet travel to a non-EU country.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When travelling with your pet dog, cat or ferret abroad, what you need to do will depend on what country you\u2019re going to.

    ", + "

    There are different rules for travelling with your pet to an EU country or Northern Ireland and for taking your pet to a non-EU country.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s different guidance if you\u2019re bringing your pet dog, cat or ferret to the UK.

    ", + "

    Travelling to an EU country or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You can no longer use a pet passport issued in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) for travel to an EU country or Northern Ireland. You can still use a pet passport issued in an EU country or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    When travelling to an EU country or Northern Ireland, your pet needs:

    ", + "
  • a microchip
    • ", + "
  • a valid rabies vaccination
    • ", + "
  • an animal health certificate unless you have a pet passport issued in an EU country or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • tapeworm treatment for dogs if you\u2019re travelling directly to Finland, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Norway or Malta
    • ", + "

    These requirements also apply to assistance dogs.

    ", + "

    Check the rules of the country you\u2019re travelling to for any additional restrictions or requirements before you travel.

    ", + "

    Travelling from Great Britain to Northern Ireland in early 2021

    ", + "

    If you have a pet passport issued in Northern Ireland, contact your vet for advice before travelling.

    ", + "

    You can also read about changes to pet travel on the NIDirect website.

    ", + "

    Arriving in an EU country or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to go through a travellers\u2019 point of entry when you arrive in an EU country or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You may need to show your pet\u2019s animal health certificate along with proof of their:

    ", + "
  • microchip
    • ", + "
  • rabies vaccination
    • ", + "
  • tapeworm treatment (if required)
    • ", + "

    Repeat trips to an EU country or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Your pet will need a new animal health certificate for each trip to an EU country or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Your pet will not need a repeat rabies vaccination so long as it\u2019s rabies vaccinations are up to date.

    ", + "

    Your dog will need tapeworm treatment for each trip if you\u2019re travelling directly to Finland, Ireland, Malta, Northern Ireland or Norway.

    ", + "

    Travelling with more than 5 pets

    ", + "

    You cannot take more than 5 pets to an EU country or Northern Ireland unless you\u2019re attending or training for a:

    ", + "
  • competition
    • ", + "
  • show
    • ", + "
  • sporting event
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need written evidence of registration for the event when you travel.

    ", + "

    All your pets must:

    ", + "
  • be attending the event or training
    • ", + "
  • be over 6 months old
    • ", + "
  • meet all the other requirements for pet travel to that country
    • ", + "

    Exporting pets for commercial purposes

    ", + "

    Read the Border Operating Model if you want to export pets to an EU country or Northern Ireland for commercial reasons such as change of ownership.

    ", + "

    Travelling to a non-EU country

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to a non-EU country, you\u2019ll need to get an export health certificate (EHC). You\u2019ll also need to complete an export application form (EXA) if you\u2019re in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    The export health certificate and the export application form for each country and pet will tell you how to apply.

    ", + "

    An EHC checks that your pet meets the health requirements of the country you\u2019re travelling to.

    ", + "

    You must nominate an official vet who will be sent the EHC. They\u2019ll check your pet has met the correct health and identification requirements before you travel.

    ", + "

    Check the rules of the country you\u2019re travelling to for any additional restrictions or requirements before you travel.

    ", + "

    Getting an animal health certificate

    ", + "

    You need an animal health certificate for your dog, cat or ferret if you\u2019re travelling from Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) to an EU country or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You do not need an animal health certificate if you have a pet passport issued in an EU country or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    How to get an animal health certificate

    ", + "

    You must take your pet to your vet to get an animal health certificate. You need to do this no more than 10 days before you travel.

    ", + "

    The certificate needs to be signed by an \u2018official veterinarian\u2019 (OV). Check your vet can issue animal health certificates. If they cannot, ask them to help you find an OV.

    ", + "

    When you visit your vet, you\u2019ll need to take proof of your pet\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • microchipping date
    • ", + "
  • vaccination history
    • ", + "

    Your pet\u2019s animal health certificate will be valid after the date of issue for:

    ", + "
  • 10 days for entry into the EU or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • 4 months for onward travel within the EU
    • ", + "
  • 4 months for re-entry to Great Britain
    • ", + "

    Your pet will need a new animal health certificate for each trip to an EU country or Northern Ireland from Great Britain.

    ", + "

    Microchip

    ", + "

    You must get your pet microchipped before, or at the same time as, their rabies vaccination. If you do not, they\u2019ll need to be vaccinated again.

    ", + "

    Microchipping for pet travel can only be done by:

    ", + "
  • a vet
    • ", + "
  • a vet nurse, student vet or student vet nurse (directed by a vet)
    • ", + "
  • someone trained in microchipping before 29 December 2014, and with practical experience
    • ", + "
  • someone who has been assessed on an approved training course - contact the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs\n (DAERA) if the course was in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Make sure your vet puts the microchip number in your animal health certificate. The date must be before your pet\u2019s vaccinations.

    ", + "

    Reading the microchip

    ", + "

    Airlines, train and ferry companies in the EU can read microchips that meet International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards ISO 11784 and ISO 11785.

    ", + "

    You may have to bring your own microchip reader when you travel if your pet\u2019s microchip does not meet ISO standards. You should check with your travel company before you leave.

    ", + "

    If the microchip cannot be read

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to do all the preparation again if your vet cannot read the microchip. This means you\u2019ll have to ask your vet to:

    ", + "
  • rechip your pet
    • ", + "
  • revaccinate your pet
    • ", + "
  • issue a new animal health certificate if you\u2019re travelling to the EU or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • record new microchips in the \u2018Marking of animals\u2019 section of the new animal health certificate
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to wait the required time before you can travel if your pet is revaccinated or has new blood tests.

    ", + "

    If the microchip can only sometimes be read

    ", + "

    Your vet should try to read the microchip. If they get a reading, they can rechip your pet (the original chip is not removed).

    ", + "

    This must be recorded in the animal health certificate in the \u2018Marking of animals\u2019 section with:

    ", + "
  • the number of the old and new chips
    • ", + "
  • the date they were read
    • ", + "
  • the date the new chip was inserted
    • ", + "

    The vet must sign and stamp the page in the animal health certificate.

    ", + "

    Your vet should record in the \u2018Others\u2019 section of the animal health certificate that your pet has been rechipped.

    ", + "

    Tattoo

    ", + "

    You do not need to have your pet microchipped if it\u2019s been tattooed with an identification number and all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re travelling to the EU or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • your pet was tattooed on or before 3 July 2011
    • ", + "
  • the tattoo is clearly legible
    • ", + "
  • your pet was vaccinated against rabies after it was tattooed
    • ", + "

    Your vet must record the date of tattooing, the tattoo number and the date of the rabies vaccination in the animal health certificate.

    ", + "

    Rabies vaccination, boosters and blood tests

    ", + "

    You must get your dog, cat or ferret vaccinated against rabies before it can travel. Your vet needs proof that your pet\u2019s at least 12 weeks old before vaccinating them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking your pet to the EU or Northern Ireland, you must wait 21 days after the primary vaccination before you travel.

    ", + "

    You must get your pet microchipped before, or at the same time as, their rabies vaccination. If you do not, they\u2019ll need to be vaccinated again.

    ", + "

    The vaccine must be an inactivated vaccine or recombinant vaccine that\u2019s approved in the country of use.

    ", + "

    Booster vaccinations

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling with your pet, you must get regular rabies booster vaccinations for your pet. Check your animal health certificate to find out when the booster vaccination is due.

    ", + "

    You will not need to get repeat vaccinations for repeat trips to the EU or Northern Ireland if your pet\u2019s rabies vaccination is up to date.

    ", + "

    Vaccination record

    ", + "

    Your pet\u2019s vaccination record in their animal health certificate must show:

    ", + "
  • your pet\u2019s date of birth
    • ", + "
  • microchip number, date it was put in or read, and where it is on your pet\u2019s body
    • ", + "
  • vaccination date
    • ", + "
  • vaccine manufacturer and product name
    • ", + "
  • vaccine batch number
    • ", + "
  • date the vaccination is valid until
    • ", + "
  • the vet\u2019s signature and contact details
    • ", + "

    Your pet can be stopped from travelling if the details in their animal health certificate are in the wrong place.

    ", + "

    Tapeworm treatment for dogs

    ", + "

    A vet must treat your dog for tapeworm and record it in the animal health certificate if you\u2019re travelling directly to:

    ", + "
  • Finland
    • ", + "
  • Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "

    The treatment must have been given no less than 24 hours and no more than 120 hours (5 days) before you arrive.

    ", + "

    The treatment must:

    ", + "
  • be approved for use in the country it\u2019s being given in
    • ", + "
  • contain praziquantel or an equivalent proven to be effective against the Echinococcus multilocularis tapeworm
    • ", + "

    Short trips

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re leaving Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland) for a short trip to visit countries other than Finland, Ireland, Malta, Northern Ireland or Norway, you could have your dog treated by a vet before you go.

    ", + "

    You must wait for 24 hours before re-entering Great Britain and return within 120 hours or you\u2019ll need to get another treatment abroad.

    ", + "

    Information your vet needs to record

    ", + "

    Check the vet has put the following details in the \u2018Echinococcus treatment\u2019 section of your dog\u2019s pet animal health certificate:

    ", + "
  • the name and manufacturer of the product
    • ", + "
  • the date and time they treated your dog
    • ", + "
  • their stamp and signature
    • ", + "

    Help and support

    ", + "

    You can contact the Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA) if you\u2019ve got questions or need more information.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to the EU or Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Contact the Pet Travel Scheme helpline if you need more information about pet travel.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to a non-EU country

    ", + "

    Contact APHA if you need more information about pet travel to a non-EU country.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/get-a-passport-urgently": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-a-passport-urgently", + "title": "Get a passport urgently", + "content": "## How to apply\n\nYou can pay for a faster service if you need a passport within the next 3 weeks.\n\nYou need to book a passport office appointment and pay online. You can book an appointment up to 3 weeks in advance.\n\nIf you need a passport to travel urgently for medical treatment or because a friend or family member is seriously ill or has died, call the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 instead.\n\nCheck current coronavirus (COVID-19) travel advice before travelling. If your passport application is successful, it does not mean you\u2019re currently allowed to travel.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply for a faster service if you\u2019re in the UK and need to renew or replace a passport, or get a first child passport.\n\nUse the non-urgent service if either:\n\n- you\u2019re applying for a first adult passport\n\n- you do not need your passport within the next 3 weeks\n\nIf you\u2019re outside the UK, apply for an emergency travel document.\n\nTrack your passport application if you\u2019ve already applied for a passport and have not received it. Do not pay for an urgent passport - you will not get your passport sooner or get a refund.\n\n## Ways to apply\n\nThere are 2 ways to apply for an urgent passport.\n\nAs part of the application, you\u2019ll need to attend an appointment at your nearest passport office.\n\n## Online Premium\n\nYou get your new passport at your appointment. Appointments last up to 30 minutes.\n\nYou can use this service to renew an adult passport.\n\nUse the Online Premium service.\n\n## 1 week Fast Track\n\nYour new passport is delivered to your home within 1 week of your appointment. Someone might need to be in to sign for it.\n\nYou can use this service to:\n\n- renew an adult or child passport\n\n- change your name on your passport (for example with a marriage certificate or deed poll)\n\n- make changes to your personal details on your passport (for example, your gender)\n\n- replace a lost, stolen or damaged passport\n\n- apply for a first child passport\n\nUse the 1 week Fast Track service.\n\n## If you cannot apply online\n\nYou can book your appointment and pay by calling the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019.\n\n## Online Premium service\n\nYou\u2019ll apply, pay and book an appointment online. The earliest you can get an appointment is 2 days from when you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your new passport at your appointment. Appointments can last up to 30 minutes.\n\nDo not book an appointment if you\u2019re self-isolating or you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms.\n\nIt costs \u00a3177 (or \u00a3187 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport).\n\nYou can only use Online Premium to renew an adult passport that was issued after 31 December 2001.\n\n## Apply, book an appointment and pay\n\nTo use the Online Premium service you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your old passport\n\n- a device that takes digital photos (like a smartphone, tablet or digital camera) and someone to take your photo\n\n- a digital photo of you\n\nApply, book an appointment and pay\n\n## What to bring to your appointment\n\nYou need to bring your old passport.\n\nYou can ask someone else to go to your appointment for you. They\u2019ll need to bring:\n\n- your old passport\n\n- a signed and dated letter from you, naming them and giving them permission to collect the passport\n\n- their ID (for example passport, driving licence, or utility bill that\u2019s less than 3 months old)\n\n## Changing your appointment\n\nCall the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 to reschedule your appointment.\n\nDo not go to your appointment if:\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because of COVID-19\n\n- you or someone you live with has COVID-19 symptoms\n\n## 1 week Fast Track service\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a3142 for an adult passport (or \u00a3152 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport)\n\n- \u00a3122 for a child passport (or \u00a3132 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport)\n\nYou can use 1 week Fast Track to:\n\n- renew an adult or child passport that has expired or that is about to expire\n\n- change personal details on your passport (for example your name, place of birth or gender)\n\n- replace a lost, stolen or damaged passport\n\n- apply for a first child passport\n\n## What you need to do\n\n- Get a paper application form from a Post Office - you cannot apply online.\n\n- Book an appointment online and pay the fee.\n\n- Fill in your application form and gather your documents before your appointment.\n\n## Book an appointment and pay by card\n\nWhen you have an application form, you can book an appointment online.\n\nBook an appointment and pay by card\n\n## What to bring to your appointment\n\nYou need:\n\n- 2 identical printed passport photos\n\n- your completed paper application form\n\n- your supporting documents - read the booklet that comes with the paper form to find out what you need\n\n## If you cannot go to your appointment\n\nYou can change your appointment or send someone in your place.\n\n## Changing your appointment because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can change your appointment at any time up to your appointment slot if:\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating\n\n- you or someone you live with has COVID-19 or COVID-19 symptoms\n\nCall the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 to change your appointment.\n\n## Changing your appointment for another reason\n\nYou can change your appointment if your booking is more than 2 days away. Use the link in the confirmation email you got after paying and booking.\n\n## Sending someone in your place\n\nIf you\u2019re in the UK, you can ask someone to go to your appointment for you. They\u2019ll need to bring:\n\n- your 2 identical printed passport photos\n\n- your completed paper application form\n\n- your supporting documents - read the booklet that comes with the paper form to find out what you need", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can pay for a faster service if you need a passport within the next 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You need to book a passport office appointment and pay online. You can book an appointment up to 3 weeks in advance.

    ", + "

    If you need a passport to travel urgently for medical treatment or because a friend or family member is seriously ill or has died, call the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 instead.

    ", + "

    Check current coronavirus (COVID-19) travel advice before travelling. If your passport application is successful, it does not mean you\u2019re currently allowed to travel.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for a faster service if you\u2019re in the UK and need to renew or replace a passport, or get a first child passport.

    ", + "

    Use the non-urgent service if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying for a first adult passport
    • ", + "
  • you do not need your passport within the next 3 weeks
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK, apply for an emergency travel document.

    ", + "

    Track your passport application if you\u2019ve already applied for a passport and have not received it. Do not pay for an urgent passport - you will not get your passport sooner or get a refund.

    ", + "

    Ways to apply

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways to apply for an urgent passport.

    ", + "

    As part of the application, you\u2019ll need to attend an appointment at your nearest passport office.

    ", + "

    Online Premium

    ", + "

    You get your new passport at your appointment. Appointments last up to 30 minutes.

    ", + "

    You can use this service to renew an adult passport.

    ", + "

    Use the Online Premium service.

    ", + "

    1 week Fast Track

    ", + "

    Your new passport is delivered to your home within 1 week of your appointment. Someone might need to be in to sign for it.

    ", + "

    You can use this service to:

    ", + "
  • renew an adult or child passport
    • ", + "
  • change your name on your passport (for example with a marriage certificate or deed poll)
    • ", + "
  • make changes to your personal details on your passport (for example, your gender)
    • ", + "
  • replace a lost, stolen or damaged passport
    • ", + "
  • apply for a first child passport
    • ", + "

    Use the 1 week Fast Track service.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online

    ", + "

    You can book your appointment and pay by calling the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019.

    ", + "

    Online Premium service

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll apply, pay and book an appointment online. The earliest you can get an appointment is 2 days from when you apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your new passport at your appointment. Appointments can last up to 30 minutes.

    ", + "

    Do not book an appointment if you\u2019re self-isolating or you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3177 (or \u00a3187 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport).

    ", + "

    You can only use Online Premium to renew an adult passport that was issued after 31 December 2001.

    ", + "

    Apply, book an appointment and pay

    ", + "

    To use the Online Premium service you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your old passport
    • ", + "
  • a device that takes digital photos (like a smartphone, tablet or digital camera) and someone to take your photo
    • ", + "
  • a digital photo of you
    • ", + "

    Apply, book an appointment and pay

    ", + "

    What to bring to your appointment

    ", + "

    You need to bring your old passport.

    ", + "

    You can ask someone else to go to your appointment for you. They\u2019ll need to bring:

    ", + "
  • your old passport
    • ", + "
  • a signed and dated letter from you, naming them and giving them permission to collect the passport
    • ", + "
  • their ID (for example passport, driving licence, or utility bill that\u2019s less than 3 months old)
    • ", + "

    Changing your appointment

    ", + "

    Call the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 to reschedule your appointment.

    ", + "

    Do not go to your appointment if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating because of COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has COVID-19 symptoms
    • ", + "

    1 week Fast Track service

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3142 for an adult passport (or \u00a3152 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport)
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3122 for a child passport (or \u00a3132 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport)
    • ", + "

    You can use 1 week Fast Track to:

    ", + "
  • renew an adult or child passport that has expired or that is about to expire
    • ", + "
  • change personal details on your passport (for example your name, place of birth or gender)
    • ", + "
  • replace a lost, stolen or damaged passport
    • ", + "
  • apply for a first child passport
    • ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "
  • Get a paper application form from a Post Office - you cannot apply online.
    • ", + "
  • Book an appointment online and pay the fee.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in your application form and gather your documents before your appointment.
    • ", + "

    Book an appointment and pay by card

    ", + "

    When you have an application form, you can book an appointment online.

    ", + "

    Book an appointment and pay by card

    ", + "

    What to bring to your appointment

    ", + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • 2 identical printed passport photos
    • ", + "
  • your completed paper application form
    • ", + "
  • your supporting documents - read the booklet that comes with the paper form to find out what you need
    • ", + "

    If you cannot go to your appointment

    ", + "

    You can change your appointment or send someone in your place.

    ", + "

    Changing your appointment because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    You can change your appointment at any time up to your appointment slot if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-isolating
    • ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has COVID-19 or COVID-19 symptoms
    • ", + "

    Call the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 to change your appointment.

    ", + "

    Changing your appointment for another reason

    ", + "

    You can change your appointment if your booking is more than 2 days away. Use the link in the confirmation email you got after paying and booking.

    ", + "

    Sending someone in your place

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the UK, you can ask someone to go to your appointment for you. They\u2019ll need to bring:

    ", + "
  • your 2 identical printed passport photos
    • ", + "
  • your completed paper application form
    • ", + "
  • your supporting documents - read the booklet that comes with the paper form to find out what you need
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/apply-first-adult-passport": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-first-adult-passport", + "title": "Getting your first adult passport", + "content": "## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply for a first adult passport if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a British national\n\n- you\u2019re aged 16 or over (or will be in 3 weeks)\n\n- you\u2019ve never had a UK passport before\n\nYou must also apply if your last UK passport was issued before 1 January 1994.\n\nYou can use your child passport until it expires, even if you\u2019re over 18.\n\nAn adult passport is valid for 10 years.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow up to 10 weeks to get your passport.\n\nIf you need a passport to travel urgently for medical treatment or because a friend or family member is seriously ill or has died, call the Passport Adviceline.\n\nDo not book travel until you get your passport.\n\n## Ways to apply\n\nIf you\u2019re in the UK, you can either:\n\n- apply online - it costs \u00a375.50\n\n- apply with a paper form - it costs \u00a385\n\nIt\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Use the online service to get your passport.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to apply if you\u2019re overseas.\n\n## What documents you need to apply\n\nYou must send original documents. Photocopies are not accepted.\n\nIf you do not have your original certificates (for example, your birth certificate), you need to get an official copy.\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh, you need to send a certified translation.\n\nYou can send laminated documents if that\u2019s the only format they are issued in.\n\n## You were born or adopted in the UK\n\nWhat documents you need depend on when you were born.\n\n## Before 1 January 1983\n\nYou\u2019ll need your full birth certificate or adoption certificate.\n\n## On or after 1 January 1983\n\nYou\u2019ll need your full birth certificate or adoption certificate and either:\n\n- your mother\u2019s or father\u2019s full UK birth certificate, or the Home Office certificate of registration or naturalisation, or a British passport belonging to one of your parents that was valid when you were born, or a British passport number for either parent\n\n- evidence of one of your parents\u2019 immigration status in the UK at the time of your birth, for example a foreign passport belonging to one of your parents that was valid when you were born\n\nIf you send documents relating to your father, you must also send your parents\u2019 marriage certificate.\n\n## You were born outside the UK\n\nWhat documents you need depend on your circumstances.\n\n## You have a certificate of naturalisation or registration\n\nYou\u2019ll need both:\n\n- your naturalisation or registration certificate\n\n- the passport you used to come into the UK or the foreign passport you\u2019re included on\n\n## Citizen of a British overseas territory and born before 1 January 1983\n\nYou\u2019ll need all of the following:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- your current passport\n\n- the passport you used to come into the UK or the foreign passport you\u2019re included on\n\n## Born before 1 January 1983 and your father was born in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need all of the following:\n\n- your full birth certificate showing your parents\u2019 details\n\n- your father\u2019s birth certificate\n\n- your parents\u2019 marriage certificate\n\n- the passport you used to come into the UK or foreign passport you\u2019re included on\n\n## Born on or after 1 January 1983\n\nYou\u2019ll need all of the following:\n\n- your full birth certificate showing your parents\u2019 details\n\n- the passport you used to come into the UK or any foreign passport that you\u2019re included on\n\n- evidence of one parent\u2019s British nationality, for example their UK birth or adoption, naturalisation or registration certificate\n\nIf these documents relate to your father, you must include the marriage certificate showing when he married your mother.\n\n## Your circumstances are different\n\nIf your circumstances are not listed, read the guidance booklet to find out what documents you\u2019ll need. If you apply online you\u2019ll be told what documents you need as part of your application.\n\n## How your documents will be sent back\n\nThe supporting documents will be returned separately from your passport. How you get them depends on the delivery option you choose when you fill in your application.\n\n## Apply online\n\nTo apply online you\u2019ll need:\n\n- a digital photo of you (or a device that takes digital photos and someone to take your photo)\n\n- someone who can confirm your identity\n\n- supporting documents\n\n- a credit or debit card\n\nIt costs \u00a375.50.\n\n## Start your application\n\nApply and pay for your passport online.\n\nStart now\n\n## Ask someone to confirm your identity\n\nAfter you\u2019ve paid and submitted your application, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your identity.\n\nLet the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.\n\nFind out who can confirm your identity and what they need to do.\n\n## Send your documents\n\nAfter the person you asked has confirmed your identity, you\u2019ll receive an email explaining what documents you need to send and where to send them.\n\nAfter you apply, you may be asked to attend an interview.\n\n## Apply with a paper form\n\nTo apply with a paper form you\u2019ll need:\n\n- a filled-in application form\n\n- 2 identical printed passport photos\n\n- someone who can confirm your identity (a \u2018countersignatory\u2019)\n\n- supporting documents\n\nIt costs \u00a385. The booklet that comes with the form explains how to pay.\n\nIt takes longer to apply by post than online.\n\n## Fill in your application form\n\nYou can get a paper application form from either:\n\n- a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service\n\n- the Passport Adviceline\n\nFill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 9. Your countersignatory will need to fill in section 10.\n\nRead the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.\n\n## Get a countersignatory\n\nYou need to get someone else to confirm your identity (a \u2018countersignatory\u2019). They\u2019ll need to:\n\n- fill in section 10 of your form\n\n- sign and date one of your photos\n\nFind out who can be a countersignatory and what they need to do.\n\n## Gather your documents and send your application\n\nYou need to send all of the following:\n\n- your filled-in application form\n\n- your supporting documents\n\n- your 2 passport photos (one of them signed and dated by your countersignatory)\n\nTo send in your form, documents and photos, you can either:\n\n- post them using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form\n\n- take them to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service\n\nAfter you apply, you may be asked to attend an interview.\n\n## After you apply\n\n## Passport interviews\n\nAfter you apply, you may need to be interviewed to confirm your identity.\n\nPassport offices are temporarily closed and face-to-face interviews are suspended because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nVideo interviews are taking place online. If you need an interview, you\u2019ll be contacted after your application has been processed to book it.\n\n## Getting your new passport and supporting documents\n\nYou\u2019ll receive your new passport by courier or recorded delivery.\n\nThe supporting documents will be returned separately from your passport. How you get them depends on the delivery option you choose when you fill in your application.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply for a first adult passport if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a British national
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re aged 16 or over (or will be in 3 weeks)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve never had a UK passport before
    • ", + "

    You must also apply if your last UK passport was issued before 1 January 1994.

    ", + "

    You can use your child passport until it expires, even if you\u2019re over 18.

    ", + "

    An adult passport is valid for 10 years.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow up to 10 weeks to get your passport.

    ", + "

    If you need a passport to travel urgently for medical treatment or because a friend or family member is seriously ill or has died, call the Passport Adviceline.

    ", + "

    Do not book travel until you get your passport.

    ", + "

    Ways to apply

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the UK, you can either:

    ", + "
  • apply online - it costs \u00a375.50
    • ", + "
  • apply with a paper form - it costs \u00a385
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Use the online service to get your passport.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to apply if you\u2019re overseas.

    ", + "

    What documents you need to apply

    ", + "

    You must send original documents. Photocopies are not accepted.

    ", + "

    If you do not have your original certificates (for example, your birth certificate), you need to get an official copy.

    ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh, you need to send a certified translation.

    ", + "

    You can send laminated documents if that\u2019s the only format they are issued in.

    ", + "

    You were born or adopted in the UK

    ", + "

    What documents you need depend on when you were born.

    ", + "

    Before 1 January 1983

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your full birth certificate or adoption certificate.

    ", + "

    On or after 1 January 1983

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your full birth certificate or adoption certificate and either:

    ", + "
  • your mother\u2019s or father\u2019s full UK birth certificate, or the Home Office certificate of registration or naturalisation, or a British passport belonging to one of your parents that was valid when you were born, or a British passport number for either parent
    • ", + "
  • evidence of one of your parents\u2019 immigration status in the UK at the time of your birth, for example a foreign passport belonging to one of your parents that was valid when you were born
    • ", + "

    If you send documents relating to your father, you must also send your parents\u2019 marriage certificate.

    ", + "

    You were born outside the UK

    ", + "

    What documents you need depend on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    You have a certificate of naturalisation or registration

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need both:

    ", + "
  • your naturalisation or registration certificate
    • ", + "
  • the passport you used to come into the UK or the foreign passport you\u2019re included on
    • ", + "

    Citizen of a British overseas territory and born before 1 January 1983

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need all of the following:

    ", + "
  • your birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • your current passport
    • ", + "
  • the passport you used to come into the UK or the foreign passport you\u2019re included on
    • ", + "

    Born before 1 January 1983 and your father was born in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need all of the following:

    ", + "
  • your full birth certificate showing your parents\u2019 details
    • ", + "
  • your father\u2019s birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • your parents\u2019 marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • the passport you used to come into the UK or foreign passport you\u2019re included on
    • ", + "

    Born on or after 1 January 1983

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need all of the following:

    ", + "
  • your full birth certificate showing your parents\u2019 details
    • ", + "
  • the passport you used to come into the UK or any foreign passport that you\u2019re included on
    • ", + "
  • evidence of one parent\u2019s British nationality, for example their UK birth or adoption, naturalisation or registration certificate
    • ", + "

    If these documents relate to your father, you must include the marriage certificate showing when he married your mother.

    ", + "

    Your circumstances are different

    ", + "

    If your circumstances are not listed, read the guidance booklet to find out what documents you\u2019ll need. If you apply online you\u2019ll be told what documents you need as part of your application.

    ", + "

    How your documents will be sent back

    ", + "

    The supporting documents will be returned separately from your passport. How you get them depends on the delivery option you choose when you fill in your application.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    To apply online you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a digital photo of you (or a device that takes digital photos and someone to take your photo)
    • ", + "
  • someone who can confirm your identity
    • ", + "
  • supporting documents
    • ", + "
  • a credit or debit card
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a375.50.

    ", + "

    Start your application

    ", + "

    Apply and pay for your passport online.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Ask someone to confirm your identity

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve paid and submitted your application, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your identity.

    ", + "

    Let the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.

    ", + "

    Find out who can confirm your identity and what they need to do.

    ", + "

    Send your documents

    ", + "

    After the person you asked has confirmed your identity, you\u2019ll receive an email explaining what documents you need to send and where to send them.

    ", + "

    After you apply, you may be asked to attend an interview.

    ", + "

    Apply with a paper form

    ", + "

    To apply with a paper form you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a filled-in application form
    • ", + "
  • 2 identical printed passport photos
    • ", + "
  • someone who can confirm your identity (a \u2018countersignatory\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • supporting documents
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a385. The booklet that comes with the form explains how to pay.

    ", + "

    It takes longer to apply by post than online.

    ", + "

    Fill in your application form

    ", + "

    You can get a paper application form from either:

    ", + "
  • a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • the Passport Adviceline
    • ", + "

    Fill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 9. Your countersignatory will need to fill in section 10.

    ", + "

    Read the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    Get a countersignatory

    ", + "

    You need to get someone else to confirm your identity (a \u2018countersignatory\u2019). They\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • fill in section 10 of your form
    • ", + "
  • sign and date one of your photos
    • ", + "

    Find out who can be a countersignatory and what they need to do.

    ", + "

    Gather your documents and send your application

    ", + "

    You need to send all of the following:

    ", + "
  • your filled-in application form
    • ", + "
  • your supporting documents
    • ", + "
  • your 2 passport photos (one of them signed and dated by your countersignatory)
    • ", + "

    To send in your form, documents and photos, you can either:

    ", + "
  • post them using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form
    • ", + "
  • take them to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "

    After you apply, you may be asked to attend an interview.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    Passport interviews

    ", + "

    After you apply, you may need to be interviewed to confirm your identity.

    ", + "

    Passport offices are temporarily closed and face-to-face interviews are suspended because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Video interviews are taking place online. If you need an interview, you\u2019ll be contacted after your application has been processed to book it.

    ", + "

    Getting your new passport and supporting documents

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive your new passport by courier or recorded delivery.

    ", + "

    The supporting documents will be returned separately from your passport. How you get them depends on the delivery option you choose when you fill in your application.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/renew-adult-passport": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renew-adult-passport", + "title": "Renew or replace your adult passport", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIt costs \u00a375.50 to renew or replace your passport if you apply online or \u00a385 if you fill in a paper form.\n\nYou must be aged 16 or over (or turning 16 in the next 3 weeks) if you want an adult passport. There\u2019s a different process to get a passport for a child.\n\nThere are different ways to renew or replace your passport if you\u2019re outside the UK.\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling to the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, you may need to renew your passport before you travel.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow up to 10 weeks to get your passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.\n\nYou may be able to get a passport urgently if you need one sooner.\n\nDo not book travel until you have a valid passport.\n\n## Tracking your passport application\n\nYou can track your passport application immediately if you apply online or after 10 weeks if you apply by post.\n\n## Getting your new passport\n\nYour new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- post it through your letterbox\n\n- hand it to you if you\u2019re home\n\n- leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)\n\n## Renew\n\nIf your passport has expired, you must renew it before you can travel.\n\nDo not book travel until you have a valid passport - your new passport will not have the same number as your old one.\n\nThere are different rules if your passport is lost, stolen or damaged or you need to change your name or personal details.\n\n## Renewing your passport before it expires\n\nYou need at least 6 months left on your passport to travel to certain countries. Check the entry requirements of the country you\u2019re visiting to see how much time left you need on it.\n\nTime left on your old passport will not be added to your new one.\n\n## Travelling to the EU, EEA or Switzerland\n\nOn the day of travel to the\u00a0EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, you\u2019ll need your passport to both:\n\n- have at least 6 months left on it\n\n- be less than 10 years old (even if it has 6 months or more left)\n\nThese rules do not apply to travel to Ireland. You can continue to use your passport as long as it\u2019s valid for the length of your stay.\n\nIf your passport is burgundy or has \u2018European Union\u2019 on the cover, you can still use it as long as it has enough time left on it.\n\n## Renew online\n\nUse this service to renew your passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- a digital photo\n\n- a credit or debit card\n\n- your passport\n\nRenew online\n\n## Renew using a paper application form\n\nYou can get a paper application form by either:\n\n- going to a Post Office that has a Check and Send service\n\n- calling the Passport Adviceline\n\nIt costs \u00a385. You can pay by either:\n\n- debit or credit card - fill in the form in the application pack\n\n- cheque - made payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Passport Office\u2019\n\nYou\u2019ll need 2 new and identical printed photos of yourself.\n\n## Unexpired visas\n\nSend your previous passport with the visa attached to it with your application. Your previous passport will be returned to you.\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the visa if you carry both passports.\n\nThe rules are different if you\u2019re travelling to Russia.\n\n## Replace a lost, stolen or damaged passport\n\nYou must replace your passport if it has more than reasonable wear and tear because you may not be allowed to travel with it.\n\n## If you need to attend an interview\n\nPassport offices are temporarily closed and face-to-face interviews are suspended because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nVideo interviews are taking place online. If you need an interview, you\u2019ll be contacted after your application has been processed to book it.\n\n## Replace online\n\nUse this service to replace your passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- a digital photo\n\n- a credit or debit card\n\nYou\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your identity online if you\u2019re replacing a lost or stolen passport.\n\nReplace online\n\n## Replace using a paper application form\n\nYou can get a paper application form by either:\n\n- going to the Post Office\n\n- calling the Passport Adviceline\n\nIt costs \u00a385. You can pay by either:\n\n- debit or credit card - fill in the form in the application pack\n\n- cheque - made payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Passport Office\u2019\n\nYou\u2019ll need 2 new and identical printed photos of yourself.\n\nYou can use the Post Office Check and Send service if you\u2019re using a paper form. The address to send it to is on the form.\n\n## Countersignatories\n\nYou need to get your application form and 1 of your photos signed by someone else to prove your identity.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a375.50 to renew or replace your passport if you apply online or \u00a385 if you fill in a paper form.

    ", + "

    You must be aged 16 or over (or turning 16 in the next 3 weeks) if you want an adult passport. There\u2019s a different process to get a passport for a child.

    ", + "

    There are different ways to renew or replace your passport if you\u2019re outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, you may need to renew your passport before you travel.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow up to 10 weeks to get your passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a passport urgently if you need one sooner.

    ", + "

    Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.

    ", + "

    Tracking your passport application

    ", + "

    You can track your passport application immediately if you apply online or after 10 weeks if you apply by post.

    ", + "

    Getting your new passport

    ", + "

    Your new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • post it through your letterbox
    • ", + "
  • hand it to you if you\u2019re home
    • ", + "
  • leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)
    • ", + "

    Renew

    ", + "

    If your passport has expired, you must renew it before you can travel.

    ", + "

    Do not book travel until you have a valid passport - your new passport will not have the same number as your old one.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if your passport is lost, stolen or damaged or you need to change your name or personal details.

    ", + "

    Renewing your passport before it expires

    ", + "

    You need at least 6 months left on your passport to travel to certain countries. Check the entry requirements of the country you\u2019re visiting to see how much time left you need on it.

    ", + "

    Time left on your old passport will not be added to your new one.

    ", + "

    Travelling to the EU, EEA or Switzerland

    ", + "

    On the day of travel to the\u00a0EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, you\u2019ll need your passport to both:

    ", + "
  • have at least 6 months left on it
    • ", + "
  • be less than 10 years old (even if it has 6 months or more left)
    • ", + "

    These rules do not apply to travel to Ireland. You can continue to use your passport as long as it\u2019s valid for the length of your stay.

    ", + "

    If your passport is burgundy or has \u2018European Union\u2019 on the cover, you can still use it as long as it has enough time left on it.

    ", + "

    Renew online

    ", + "

    Use this service to renew your passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a digital photo
    • ", + "
  • a credit or debit card
    • ", + "
  • your passport
    • ", + "

    Renew online

    ", + "

    Renew using a paper application form

    ", + "

    You can get a paper application form by either:

    ", + "
  • going to a Post Office that has a Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • calling the Passport Adviceline
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a385. You can pay by either:

    ", + "
  • debit or credit card - fill in the form in the application pack
    • ", + "
  • cheque - made payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Passport Office\u2019
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need 2 new and identical printed photos of yourself.

    ", + "

    Unexpired visas

    ", + "

    Send your previous passport with the visa attached to it with your application. Your previous passport will be returned to you.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to use the visa if you carry both passports.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you\u2019re travelling to Russia.

    ", + "

    Replace a lost, stolen or damaged passport

    ", + "

    You must replace your passport if it has more than reasonable wear and tear because you may not be allowed to travel with it.

    ", + "

    If you need to attend an interview

    ", + "

    Passport offices are temporarily closed and face-to-face interviews are suspended because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Video interviews are taking place online. If you need an interview, you\u2019ll be contacted after your application has been processed to book it.

    ", + "

    Replace online

    ", + "

    Use this service to replace your passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a digital photo
    • ", + "
  • a credit or debit card
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your identity online if you\u2019re replacing a lost or stolen passport.

    ", + "

    Replace online

    ", + "

    Replace using a paper application form

    ", + "

    You can get a paper application form by either:

    ", + "
  • going to the Post Office
    • ", + "
  • calling the Passport Adviceline
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a385. You can pay by either:

    ", + "
  • debit or credit card - fill in the form in the application pack
    • ", + "
  • cheque - made payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Passport Office\u2019
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need 2 new and identical printed photos of yourself.

    ", + "

    You can use the Post Office Check and Send service if you\u2019re using a paper form. The address to send it to is on the form.

    ", + "

    Countersignatories

    ", + "

    You need to get your application form and 1 of your photos signed by someone else to prove your identity.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/get-a-child-passport": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-a-child-passport", + "title": "Get a passport for your child", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou apply for a child passport if your child is under 16. It costs \u00a349 to apply online and \u00a358.50 to apply with a paper form from the Post Office. A child passport is valid for 5 years.\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling to the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, you may need to renew your child\u2019s passport before you travel.\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nSomeone with parental responsibility for the child must apply for the passport.\n\nYou need to give both parents\u2019 details when you apply. If you cannot provide the other parent\u2019s details, you need to say why (for example, you\u2019re the only parent named on the birth certificate or you adopted the child on your own).\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow up to 10 weeks to get the passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.\n\nYou may be able to get a passport urgently if you need one sooner.\n\nDo not book travel until you have a valid passport.\n\n## What you should apply for\n\n| Situation | Action |\n\n| Your child is under 16 and has never had a British passport | Apply for a first child passport |\n\n| Your child is under 16 and has a British passport | Renew your child\u2019s passport |\n\n| Your child is under 16 and their British passport has been lost or stolen | Apply for a replacement passport |\n\n| Your child is under 16 and their British passport is damaged | Apply for a replacement passport |\n\n| Your child is under 16 and has a British passport but some of their details have changed | Apply for a new passport |\n\n| Your child is over 16 (or will be in 3 weeks) and had a British child passport | Follow the process for renewing or replacing an adult passport |\n\n| Your child is over 16 (or will be in 3 weeks) and has never had a British passport | Apply for a first adult passport |\n\n## Apply for a first child passport\n\nIf your child has never had a British passport you must apply for a first child passport.\n\nYour child must have British nationality to be eligible for a British passport.\n\n## Apply online\n\nTo apply online you\u2019ll need:\n\n- a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos)\n\n- supporting documents\n\n- a credit or debit card\n\nIt costs \u00a349.\n\n## Start application\n\nApply and pay for the passport online.\n\nStart now\n\n## Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity\n\nAfter you\u2019ve paid and submitted the application, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity.\n\nLet the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.\n\nFind out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nYou can apply by post by either:\n\n- getting a paper form from a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service\n\n- contacting the Passport Adviceline to get a form posted to you\n\nFill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 9 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over. \nYou need to get someone else, known as your \u2018countersignatory\u2019, to fill in section 10 and certify your child\u2019s photo.\n\nRead the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.\n\nTo send in your application, you can either:\n\n- post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form\n\n- take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service\n\n## Signing the application\n\nSomeone with parental responsibility must sign the form.\n\nIf your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou must send original documents or official copies of certificates. Photocopies are not accepted, even \u2018certified copies\u2019.\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh, you\u2019ll need to send certified translations as well as the originals.\n\nYou cannot send laminated documents.\n\n## If the name on the passport does not match what\u2019s on the birth certificate\n\nYou must send:\n\n- a signed and dated letter from everyone with parental responsibility confirming the name change and that they agree to the child getting a new passport\n\n- a deed poll\n\n- at least one piece of evidence that shows the new name being used, for example NHS records, child benefits or school records\n\n## What documents to provide if you apply online\n\nIf you apply online, you\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide.\n\n## What documents to send if you apply by post\n\nIf you apply by post, you must send:\n\n- 2 new photos of your child\n\n- the child\u2019s full birth or adoption certificate (the one with parent\u2019s details on it)\n\n- proof that your child has British nationality (for example a British registration certificate, parent\u2019s passport details or parent\u2019s birth certificates)\n\n- any valid passports from a different country belonging to the child\n\n- any court orders (for example, that describe parental responsibility or residency arrangements)\n\nRead the guidance notes to find out which documents you need to send.\n\n## Choose how you want your documents sent back\n\nYour documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.\n\n## Getting your passport\n\nYour new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- post it through your letterbox\n\n- hand it to you if you\u2019re home\n\n- leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)\n\nYou can track your passport application.\n\n## Renew a child passport\n\nYou can apply to renew a child passport online or by post.\n\nIf your child\u2019s passport has expired, you must renew it before they can travel.\n\nDo not book travel until you have a valid passport - the new passport will not have the same number as the old one.\n\nIf your child\u2019s name or other personal details have changed, you cannot renew their passport. You must apply for a new passport instead.\n\n## Renewing a passport before it expires\n\nYou need at least 6 months left on your passport to travel to certain countries. Check the entry requirements of the country your child is visiting to see how much time they need on their passport before they travel.\n\nTime left on your child\u2019s old passport will not be added to their new one.\n\n## Travelling to the EU, EEA or Switzerland\n\nOn the day of travel to the\u00a0EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, your child will need 6 months left on their passport.\n\nThis rule does not apply to travel to Ireland. You can continue to use a passport as long as it\u2019s valid for the length of the stay.\n\nIf your child\u2019s passport is burgundy or has \u2018European Union\u2019 on the cover, they can still use it as long as it has enough time left on it.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nTo renew your child\u2019s passport you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your child\u2019s old passport\n\n- any valid passports from a different country your child might have\n\n- any court orders (for example that describe parental responsibility or residency arrangements)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need either digital or printed photos of your child.\n\n## Renew online\n\nIt costs \u00a349. You can pay with a credit or debit card.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos)\n\n- the supporting documents\n\nRenew online\n\n## Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity\n\nIf your child is under 12, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm their identity after you\u2019ve submitted the application.\n\nLet the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.\n\nFind out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.\n\n## Renew by post\n\nIt costs \u00a358.50.\n\nYou need to fill in a paper application form. You can get a paper form by either:\n\n- going to a Post Office that has a Passport Check and Send service\n\n- calling the Passport Adviceline\n\nFill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, and 9 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over.\n\nIf your child is 11 or under or cannot be recognised from their old passport photo you\u2019ll need to get someone else, known as a \u2018countersignatory\u2019, to fill in section 10 and certify your child\u2019s photo.\n\nRead the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.\n\nTo send your application you can either:\n\n- post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form\n\n- take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service\n\n## Signing the application\n\nSomeone with parental responsibility must sign the form.\n\nIf your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.\n\n## Countersigning the application\n\nIf your child is under 12, you\u2019ll need to get their application and one of their photos countersigned.\n\nIf your child is 12 or over, you only need to do this if they cannot be recognised from the photo in their current passport.\n\n## Choose how you want your documents sent back\n\nYour documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.\n\n## Getting your passport\n\nYour new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- post it through your letterbox\n\n- hand it to you if you\u2019re home\n\n- leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)\n\nYou can track your passport application.\n\n## Replace a lost or stolen child passport\n\nIf your child\u2019s passport has been lost or stolen, you can apply for a replacement.\n\nYou must cancel a lost or stolen passport as soon as possible. This will reduce the risk of anyone else using it.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nTo replace your child\u2019s passport, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- any valid passports from a different country your child might have\n\n- any court orders (for example, that describe parental responsibility or residency arrangements)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need either digital or printed photos of your child.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply for a replacement child passport online.\n\nIt costs \u00a349. You can pay with a credit or debit card.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos)\n\n- any supporting documents\n\nApply online\n\n## Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity\n\nYou\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity.\n\nLet the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.\n\nFind out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nYou can apply by post by either:\n\n- getting a paper form from a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service\n\n- contacting the Passport Adviceline to get a form posted to you\n\nFill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 9 and 10 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over.\n\nYou\u2019ll need 2 new printed photos of your child. Follow the rules for printed passport photos.\n\nTo send in your application, you can either:\n\n- post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form\n\n- take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service\n\n## Signing the application\n\nSomeone with parental responsibility must sign the form.\n\nIf your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.\n\n## Countersigning the application\n\nYou must get the application form and one of your child\u2019s photos countersigned.\n\nRead the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.\n\n## Choose how you want your documents sent back\n\nYour documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.\n\n## Getting your passport\n\nYour new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- post it through your letterbox\n\n- hand it to you if you\u2019re home\n\n- leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)\n\nYou can track your passport application.\n\n## Replace a damaged child passport\n\nIf your child\u2019s passport is damaged, you\u2019ll need to apply for a replacement.\n\nYou can apply online or by post.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou must send all of the following with your application:\n\n- the damaged passport\n\n- a letter from someone with parental responsibility explaining how the damage happened (if you apply by post)\n\n- any valid passports from a different country your child might have\n\n- any court orders (for example that describe parental responsibility or residency arrangements)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need either digital or printed photos of your child.\n\n## Apply online\n\nIt costs \u00a349. You can pay with a credit or debit card.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos)\n\n- the supporting documents\n\nApply online\n\n## Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity\n\nIf your child is under 12, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity.\n\nLet the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.\n\nFind out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nYou can apply by post by either:\n\n- getting a paper form from a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service\n\n- contacting the Passport Adviceline to get a form posted to you\n\nFill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 9 and 10 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over.\n\nTo send in your application, you can either:\n\n- post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form\n\n- take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service\n\n## Signing the application\n\nSomeone with parental responsibility must sign the form.\n\nIf your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.\n\n## Countersigning the application\n\nYou must get the application form and one of your child\u2019s photos countersigned.\n\nRead the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.\n\n## Choose how you want your documents sent back\n\nYour documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.\n\n## Getting your passport\n\nYour new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- post it through your letterbox\n\n- hand it to you if you\u2019re home\n\n- leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)\n\nYou can track your passport application.\n\n## Change the name or personal details on a child passport\n\nYour child will need to get a new passport if they\u2019ve changed their name.\n\nFill in the passport application with the name that you want printed on the passport.\n\nContact the Passport Adviceline if you\u2019re changing any other personal details on a child passport. This could include date of birth, place of birth or national status.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply for a new child passport online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos).\n\nYou\u2019ll be told where to send your supporting documents when you apply.\n\n## Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity\n\nIf your child is under 12, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm their identity after you\u2019ve submitted the application.\n\nLet the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.\n\nFind out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nYou can apply by post by either:\n\n- getting a paper form from a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service\n\n- contacting the Passport Adviceline to get a form posted to you\n\nFill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4 and 9 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over.\n\nIf your child is 11 or under or cannot be recognised from their old passport photo you\u2019ll need to get someone else, known as a \u2018countersignatory\u2019, to fill in section 10 and certify your child\u2019s photo.\n\nRead the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.\n\nTo send in your application, you can either:\n\n- post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form\n\n- take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service\n\n## Signing the application\n\nSomeone with parental responsibility must sign the form.\n\nIf your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou must send:\n\n- the old passport\n\n- a deed poll or similar document about the name change\n\n- at least one piece of evidence that shows the new name being used, for example NHS records, child benefits or school records\n\n- written consent from everyone with parental responsibility\n\n- 2 new photos of your child if you apply by post\n\n## Choose how you want your documents sent back\n\nYour documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.\n\n## Getting your passport\n\nYour new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- post it through your letterbox\n\n- hand it to you if you\u2019re home\n\n- leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)\n\nYou can track your passport application.\n\n## Adopted or fostered children\n\n## If your child was adopted in the UK\n\nYour child can get a British passport if either adoptive parent is British and was usually living in the UK (\u2018habitually resident\u2019) when you adopted your child.\n\nYou must send your child\u2019s adoption certificate showing the British parent\u2019s details.\n\nYou must also send one of the following:\n\n- the British passport details for either parent\n\n- a UK birth certificate for either parent\n\n- a Home Office certificate of registration or naturalisation for either parent\n\n- the passport that was valid at the time of the child\u2019s birth for either parent\n\n## If your child was adopted overseas\n\n## Adopted before 1 June 2003\n\nYour child does not automatically qualify for a British passport - even if one of the parents is a British citizen.\n\nThe adoption may be recognised for parental responsibility purposes, but not for nationality purposes, depending on the country the adoption took place in.\n\n## Adopted on or after 1 June 2003\n\nYour child can get a British passport if either parent is British and the British parent was usually living (\u2018habitually resident\u2019) in the UK when the child was adopted.\n\nOnly adoptions conducted under the Hague Convention are recognised for nationality purposes. You must send the child\u2019s full Hague Convention adoption certificate showing the parents\u2019 details.\n\nYou must also send evidence of the British parent\u2019s nationality status, such as a British passport issued before the date of adoption - put the passport number on your application.\n\nIf you do not have a British passport, there are other documents you can send.\n\n## Foster children and children in care\n\nYou must contact the Passport Adviceline if you want a passport for a child who\u2019s in care. This includes a child you\u2019re fostering.\n\n## Get help\n\nContact the Passport Adviceline if you are not sure what documents you need or if your circumstances are more complicated.\n\n## Surrogacy and sperm donation\n\n## Children born through surrogacy\n\nAs well as your other documents, you need to send:\n\n- a letter giving details of your surrogacy arrangement\n\n- evidence of your surrogacy treatment, such as a letter from the clinic where it took place\n\n- proof that your child has a claim to British nationality\n\n- proof of your identity (for example, your passport or birth certificate)\n\n- proof of your marriage or civil partnership (if this is relevant to your application)\n\nIf you\u2019ve been granted a parental order, you also need to send:\n\n- the parental order (if you have it)\n\n- your child\u2019s birth certificate, issued after the parental order was granted\n\nIf you\u2019ve not been granted a parental order and your child was born in the UK you can send their full UK birth certificate instead.\n\nIf you\u2019ve not been granted a parental order and your child was born outside the UK, there are special rules about applying for a passport.\n\n## Sperm donation\n\nIf your child was conceived through sperm donation and born in the UK, you need to send their birth certificate when you apply. You do not need to say they were conceived through sperm donation.\n\nThere are different rules if they were born in another country.\n\n## Get help\n\nContact the Passport Adviceline if you are not sure what documents you need or if your circumstances are more complicated.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You apply for a child passport if your child is under 16. It costs \u00a349 to apply online and \u00a358.50 to apply with a paper form from the Post Office. A child passport is valid for 5 years.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, you may need to renew your child\u2019s passport before you travel.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    Someone with parental responsibility for the child must apply for the passport.

    ", + "

    You need to give both parents\u2019 details when you apply. If you cannot provide the other parent\u2019s details, you need to say why (for example, you\u2019re the only parent named on the birth certificate or you adopted the child on your own).

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow up to 10 weeks to get the passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a passport urgently if you need one sooner.

    ", + "

    Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.

    ", + "

    What you should apply for

    ", + "Situation | Action", + "Your child is under 16 and has never had a British passport | Apply for a first child passport", + "Your child is under 16 and has a British passport | Renew your child\u2019s passport", + "Your child is under 16 and their British passport has been lost or stolen | Apply for a replacement passport", + "Your child is under 16 and their British passport is damaged | Apply for a replacement passport", + "Your child is under 16 and has a British passport but some of their details have changed | Apply for a new passport", + "Your child is over 16 (or will be in 3 weeks) and had a British child passport | Follow the process for renewing or replacing an adult passport", + "Your child is over 16 (or will be in 3 weeks) and has never had a British passport | Apply for a first adult passport", + "

    Apply for a first child passport

    ", + "

    If your child has never had a British passport you must apply for a first child passport.

    ", + "

    Your child must have British nationality to be eligible for a British passport.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    To apply online you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos)
    • ", + "
  • supporting documents
    • ", + "
  • a credit or debit card
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a349.

    ", + "

    Start application

    ", + "

    Apply and pay for the passport online.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve paid and submitted the application, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity.

    ", + "

    Let the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.

    ", + "

    Find out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    You can apply by post by either:

    ", + "
  • getting a paper form from a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • contacting the Passport Adviceline to get a form posted to you
    • ", + "

    Fill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 9 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over. \nYou need to get someone else, known as your \u2018countersignatory\u2019, to fill in section 10 and certify your child\u2019s photo.

    ", + "

    Read the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    To send in your application, you can either:

    ", + "
  • post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form
    • ", + "
  • take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "

    Signing the application

    ", + "

    Someone with parental responsibility must sign the form.

    ", + "

    If your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    You must send original documents or official copies of certificates. Photocopies are not accepted, even \u2018certified copies\u2019.

    ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh, you\u2019ll need to send certified translations as well as the originals.

    ", + "

    You cannot send laminated documents.

    ", + "

    If the name on the passport does not match what\u2019s on the birth certificate

    ", + "

    You must send:

    ", + "
  • a signed and dated letter from everyone with parental responsibility confirming the name change and that they agree to the child getting a new passport
    • ", + "
  • a deed poll
    • ", + "
  • at least one piece of evidence that shows the new name being used, for example NHS records, child benefits or school records
    • ", + "

    What documents to provide if you apply online

    ", + "

    If you apply online, you\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide.

    ", + "

    What documents to send if you apply by post

    ", + "

    If you apply by post, you must send:

    ", + "
  • 2 new photos of your child
    • ", + "
  • the child\u2019s full birth or adoption certificate (the one with parent\u2019s details on it)
    • ", + "
  • proof that your child has British nationality (for example a British registration certificate, parent\u2019s passport details or parent\u2019s birth certificates)
    • ", + "
  • any valid passports from a different country belonging to the child
    • ", + "
  • any court orders (for example, that describe parental responsibility or residency arrangements)
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance notes to find out which documents you need to send.

    ", + "

    Choose how you want your documents sent back

    ", + "

    Your documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.

    ", + "

    Getting your passport

    ", + "

    Your new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • post it through your letterbox
    • ", + "
  • hand it to you if you\u2019re home
    • ", + "
  • leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)
    • ", + "

    You can track your passport application.

    ", + "

    Renew a child passport

    ", + "

    You can apply to renew a child passport online or by post.

    ", + "

    If your child\u2019s passport has expired, you must renew it before they can travel.

    ", + "

    Do not book travel until you have a valid passport - the new passport will not have the same number as the old one.

    ", + "

    If your child\u2019s name or other personal details have changed, you cannot renew their passport. You must apply for a new passport instead.

    ", + "

    Renewing a passport before it expires

    ", + "

    You need at least 6 months left on your passport to travel to certain countries. Check the entry requirements of the country your child is visiting to see how much time they need on their passport before they travel.

    ", + "

    Time left on your child\u2019s old passport will not be added to their new one.

    ", + "

    Travelling to the EU, EEA or Switzerland

    ", + "

    On the day of travel to the\u00a0EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, your child will need 6 months left on their passport.

    ", + "

    This rule does not apply to travel to Ireland. You can continue to use a passport as long as it\u2019s valid for the length of the stay.

    ", + "

    If your child\u2019s passport is burgundy or has \u2018European Union\u2019 on the cover, they can still use it as long as it has enough time left on it.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    To renew your child\u2019s passport you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your child\u2019s old passport
    • ", + "
  • any valid passports from a different country your child might have
    • ", + "
  • any court orders (for example that describe parental responsibility or residency arrangements)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need either digital or printed photos of your child.

    ", + "

    Renew online

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a349. You can pay with a credit or debit card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos)
    • ", + "
  • the supporting documents
    • ", + "

    Renew online

    ", + "

    Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity

    ", + "

    If your child is under 12, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm their identity after you\u2019ve submitted the application.

    ", + "

    Let the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.

    ", + "

    Find out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.

    ", + "

    Renew by post

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a358.50.

    ", + "

    You need to fill in a paper application form. You can get a paper form by either:

    ", + "
  • going to a Post Office that has a Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • calling the Passport Adviceline
    • ", + "

    Fill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, and 9 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over.

    ", + "

    If your child is 11 or under or cannot be recognised from their old passport photo you\u2019ll need to get someone else, known as a \u2018countersignatory\u2019, to fill in section 10 and certify your child\u2019s photo.

    ", + "

    Read the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    To send your application you can either:

    ", + "
  • post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form
    • ", + "
  • take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "

    Signing the application

    ", + "

    Someone with parental responsibility must sign the form.

    ", + "

    If your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.

    ", + "

    Countersigning the application

    ", + "

    If your child is under 12, you\u2019ll need to get their application and one of their photos countersigned.

    ", + "

    If your child is 12 or over, you only need to do this if they cannot be recognised from the photo in their current passport.

    ", + "

    Choose how you want your documents sent back

    ", + "

    Your documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.

    ", + "

    Getting your passport

    ", + "

    Your new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • post it through your letterbox
    • ", + "
  • hand it to you if you\u2019re home
    • ", + "
  • leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)
    • ", + "

    You can track your passport application.

    ", + "

    Replace a lost or stolen child passport

    ", + "

    If your child\u2019s passport has been lost or stolen, you can apply for a replacement.

    ", + "

    You must cancel a lost or stolen passport as soon as possible. This will reduce the risk of anyone else using it.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    To replace your child\u2019s passport, you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • any valid passports from a different country your child might have
    • ", + "
  • any court orders (for example, that describe parental responsibility or residency arrangements)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need either digital or printed photos of your child.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can apply for a replacement child passport online.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a349. You can pay with a credit or debit card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos)
    • ", + "
  • any supporting documents
    • ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity.

    ", + "

    Let the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.

    ", + "

    Find out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    You can apply by post by either:

    ", + "
  • getting a paper form from a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • contacting the Passport Adviceline to get a form posted to you
    • ", + "

    Fill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 9 and 10 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need 2 new printed photos of your child. Follow the rules for printed passport photos.

    ", + "

    To send in your application, you can either:

    ", + "
  • post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form
    • ", + "
  • take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "

    Signing the application

    ", + "

    Someone with parental responsibility must sign the form.

    ", + "

    If your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.

    ", + "

    Countersigning the application

    ", + "

    You must get the application form and one of your child\u2019s photos countersigned.

    ", + "

    Read the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    Choose how you want your documents sent back

    ", + "

    Your documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.

    ", + "

    Getting your passport

    ", + "

    Your new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • post it through your letterbox
    • ", + "
  • hand it to you if you\u2019re home
    • ", + "
  • leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)
    • ", + "

    You can track your passport application.

    ", + "

    Replace a damaged child passport

    ", + "

    If your child\u2019s passport is damaged, you\u2019ll need to apply for a replacement.

    ", + "

    You can apply online or by post.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    You must send all of the following with your application:

    ", + "
  • the damaged passport
    • ", + "
  • a letter from someone with parental responsibility explaining how the damage happened (if you apply by post)
    • ", + "
  • any valid passports from a different country your child might have
    • ", + "
  • any court orders (for example that describe parental responsibility or residency arrangements)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need either digital or printed photos of your child.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a349. You can pay with a credit or debit card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos)
    • ", + "
  • the supporting documents
    • ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity

    ", + "

    If your child is under 12, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity.

    ", + "

    Let the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.

    ", + "

    Find out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    You can apply by post by either:

    ", + "
  • getting a paper form from a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • contacting the Passport Adviceline to get a form posted to you
    • ", + "

    Fill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 9 and 10 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over.

    ", + "

    To send in your application, you can either:

    ", + "
  • post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form
    • ", + "
  • take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "

    Signing the application

    ", + "

    Someone with parental responsibility must sign the form.

    ", + "

    If your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.

    ", + "

    Countersigning the application

    ", + "

    You must get the application form and one of your child\u2019s photos countersigned.

    ", + "

    Read the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    Choose how you want your documents sent back

    ", + "

    Your documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.

    ", + "

    Getting your passport

    ", + "

    Your new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • post it through your letterbox
    • ", + "
  • hand it to you if you\u2019re home
    • ", + "
  • leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)
    • ", + "

    You can track your passport application.

    ", + "

    Change the name or personal details on a child passport

    ", + "

    Your child will need to get a new passport if they\u2019ve changed their name.

    ", + "

    Fill in the passport application with the name that you want printed on the passport.

    ", + "

    Contact the Passport Adviceline if you\u2019re changing any other personal details on a child passport. This could include date of birth, place of birth or national status.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can apply for a new child passport online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a digital photo of your child (or a device that takes digital photos).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told where to send your supporting documents when you apply.

    ", + "

    Ask someone to confirm your child\u2019s identity

    ", + "

    If your child is under 12, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm their identity after you\u2019ve submitted the application.

    ", + "

    Let the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your child\u2019s identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.

    ", + "

    Find out who can confirm your child\u2019s identity and what they need to do.

    ", + "

    Apply by post

    ", + "

    You can apply by post by either:

    ", + "
  • getting a paper form from a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • contacting the Passport Adviceline to get a form posted to you
    • ", + "

    Fill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4 and 9 of the form. Your child needs to sign section 6 if they\u2019re 12 or over.

    ", + "

    If your child is 11 or under or cannot be recognised from their old passport photo you\u2019ll need to get someone else, known as a \u2018countersignatory\u2019, to fill in section 10 and certify your child\u2019s photo.

    ", + "

    Read the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.

    ", + "

    To send in your application, you can either:

    ", + "
  • post your form, photos and documents using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form
    • ", + "
  • take your form, photos and documents to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service
    • ", + "

    Signing the application

    ", + "

    Someone with parental responsibility must sign the form.

    ", + "

    If your child is 12 to 15 they need to sign the form too.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    You must send:

    ", + "
  • the old passport
    • ", + "
  • a deed poll or similar document about the name change
    • ", + "
  • at least one piece of evidence that shows the new name being used, for example NHS records, child benefits or school records
    • ", + "
  • written consent from everyone with parental responsibility
    • ", + "
  • 2 new photos of your child if you apply by post
    • ", + "

    Choose how you want your documents sent back

    ", + "

    Your documents will be sent back to you by normal post, but you can pay an extra \u00a35 to get them sent by secure delivery. Choose this service on your application if you want to use it.

    ", + "

    Getting your passport

    ", + "

    Your new passport will be sent to you by courier or Royal Mail. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • post it through your letterbox
    • ", + "
  • hand it to you if you\u2019re home
    • ", + "
  • leave a card or post you a letter saying how you can get it (it will not say the package is your passport)
    • ", + "

    You can track your passport application.

    ", + "

    Adopted or fostered children

    ", + "

    If your child was adopted in the UK

    ", + "

    Your child can get a British passport if either adoptive parent is British and was usually living in the UK (\u2018habitually resident\u2019) when you adopted your child.

    ", + "

    You must send your child\u2019s adoption certificate showing the British parent\u2019s details.

    ", + "

    You must also send one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the British passport details for either parent
    • ", + "
  • a UK birth certificate for either parent
    • ", + "
  • a Home Office certificate of registration or naturalisation for either parent
    • ", + "
  • the passport that was valid at the time of the child\u2019s birth for either parent
    • ", + "

    If your child was adopted overseas

    ", + "

    Adopted before 1 June 2003

    ", + "

    Your child does not automatically qualify for a British passport - even if one of the parents is a British citizen.

    ", + "

    The adoption may be recognised for parental responsibility purposes, but not for nationality purposes, depending on the country the adoption took place in.

    ", + "

    Adopted on or after 1 June 2003

    ", + "

    Your child can get a British passport if either parent is British and the British parent was usually living (\u2018habitually resident\u2019) in the UK when the child was adopted.

    ", + "

    Only adoptions conducted under the Hague Convention are recognised for nationality purposes. You must send the child\u2019s full Hague Convention adoption certificate showing the parents\u2019 details.

    ", + "

    You must also send evidence of the British parent\u2019s nationality status, such as a British passport issued before the date of adoption - put the passport number on your application.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a British passport, there are other documents you can send.

    ", + "

    Foster children and children in care

    ", + "

    You must contact the Passport Adviceline if you want a passport for a child who\u2019s in care. This includes a child you\u2019re fostering.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Passport Adviceline if you are not sure what documents you need or if your circumstances are more complicated.

    ", + "

    Surrogacy and sperm donation

    ", + "

    Children born through surrogacy

    ", + "

    As well as your other documents, you need to send:

    ", + "
  • a letter giving details of your surrogacy arrangement
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your surrogacy treatment, such as a letter from the clinic where it took place
    • ", + "
  • proof that your child has a claim to British nationality
    • ", + "
  • proof of your identity (for example, your passport or birth certificate)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your marriage or civil partnership (if this is relevant to your application)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been granted a parental order, you also need to send:

    ", + "
  • the parental order (if you have it)
    • ", + "
  • your child\u2019s birth certificate, issued after the parental order was granted
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not been granted a parental order and your child was born in the UK you can send their full UK birth certificate instead.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not been granted a parental order and your child was born outside the UK, there are special rules about applying for a passport.

    ", + "

    Sperm donation

    ", + "

    If your child was conceived through sperm donation and born in the UK, you need to send their birth certificate when you apply. You do not need to say they were conceived through sperm donation.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if they were born in another country.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Passport Adviceline if you are not sure what documents you need or if your circumstances are more complicated.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "title": "Change your name or personal details on your passport", + "content": "## How it works\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a new passport to travel abroad or prove your identity if you change any of the following:\n\n- your name\n\n- your gender\n\n- your appearance, if you cannot be recognised from your passport photo any more (for example, you\u2019ve had plastic surgery)\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new 10 year passport. Time left on your old passport will not be added to your new one.\n\n## When you do not need a new passport\n\nYou do not need to get a new passport if you:\n\n- change your address or contact details\n\n- get a new job\n\n- change your appearance slightly - for example, dye your hair or grow a beard\n\n- change your marital status (divorce, marry or form a civil partnership) but keep your name\n\n- change your title, for example, doctor or professor\n\n- become a national of another country as well as the UK\n\n- emigrate\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow up to 10 weeks to get your passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.\n\nYou may be able to get a passport urgently if you need to travel sooner.\n\nDo not book travel until you have a valid passport - your new passport will not have the same number as your old one.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply for a new passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.\n\nStart now\n\n## Apply using a paper application form\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to get your passport.\n\nYou can get a paper application form by either:\n\n- going to a Post Office that has a Check and Send service\n\n- calling the Passport Adviceline\n\nIt costs \u00a385.\n\nFill in and sign your passport application using the name that you want to see printed on your passport.\n\n## Countersignatures\n\nYou must get a countersignature if your appearance has changed and you cannot be recognised from your existing passport.\n\nYou do not need a countersignature if you\u2019re changing your name or adding a title.\n\n## Unexpired visas\n\nUnexpired visas in your old passport may become invalid if you change your name. Check with the embassy or consulate of the country that issued the visa.\n\n## If you have a non-British passport\n\nIf you have dual citizenship (\u2018dual nationality\u2019) and have a non-British passport, the name on your non-British passport must match the name and gender you want on your British passport.\n\nIf it\u2019s different, change the details on your non-British passport before you apply for a new British passport.\n\n## Marriage or civil partnership change\n\nYou can get a new passport in your new name either before or after the ceremony.\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\n## Get a new passport after the ceremony\n\nSend your marriage or civil partnership certificate when you apply for a passport in your new name - this includes double-barrelled names.\n\n## Get a new passport before the ceremony\n\nYou can apply for a passport in your new name up to 3 months before your marriage or civil partnership ceremony.\n\nYour old passport will be cancelled. Your new passport is \u2018post-dated\u2019 - you cannot use it before the ceremony.\n\nSome countries will not issue visas for post-dated passports - check with the country\u2019s embassy or consulate.\n\nYou must send a \u2018passports for newly weds and civil partners\u2019 form with your documents. It must be signed by the religious minister or registrar who will conduct the ceremony.\n\n## Divorce or returning to a previous surname\n\nWhen you apply, you also need to send:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- a statement signed by you saying you\u2019ve gone back to a previous surname (for example your maiden name) \u2018for all purposes\u2019 - that is, you will not use your married or civil partnership name at all\n\n- a document that shows you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\n- your decree absolute or final order showing both names\n\n- a marriage or civil partnership certificate showing both names - if you do not have it you can order a copy\n\n## Gender change\n\nSend one of the following when you apply for a passport:\n\n- a Gender Recognition Certificate\n\n- a new birth or adoption certificate showing your acquired gender\n\n- a letter from your doctor or medical consultant confirming your change of gender is likely to be permanent\n\nIf you\u2019re sending a letter from your doctor or medical consultant and you\u2019re changing your name, you\u2019ll also need to supply both of the following:\n\n- evidence of your change of name (such as a deed poll)\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\nRead the information about passports for transgender and transsexual people if you need help.\n\n## Titles and small changes to forenames\n\nYou can:\n\n- change the spelling of your name slightly - for example, Jane to Jayne\n\n- change the order of your forenames\n\n- remove middle names\n\nSend 2 documents that show you\u2019re using your new name. These can include a:\n\n- letter from a local council or government department\n\n- driving licence\n\n- bank statement\n\n- baptism or confirmation certificate\n\n## Titles you can use on your passport\n\nYou can include:\n\n- professional titles - for example, doctor, judge, minister of religion, professor, QC, or JP if you\u2019re a magistrate\n\n- honours or military decorations\n\nPut the details in the \u2018other title\u2019 box of your application and send evidence of your title.\n\nYour title will be on the \u2018observations\u2019 page of your passport - it will not be part of your name, except if it\u2019s a title of nobility, for example knight, dame or a lord.\n\n## Other name changes\n\nYou can change your name on your passport with one of the following documents:\n\n- a deed poll\n\n- a statutory declaration\n\n- an affidavit\n\nSend it with both:\n\n- proof of any previous name changes you\u2019ve made\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip or a letter from your local council)", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get a new passport to travel abroad or prove your identity if you change any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your gender
    • ", + "
  • your appearance, if you cannot be recognised from your passport photo any more (for example, you\u2019ve had plastic surgery)
    • ", + "

    The name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a new 10 year passport. Time left on your old passport will not be added to your new one.

    ", + "

    When you do not need a new passport

    ", + "

    You do not need to get a new passport if you:

    ", + "
  • change your address or contact details
    • ", + "
  • get a new job
    • ", + "
  • change your appearance slightly - for example, dye your hair or grow a beard
    • ", + "
  • change your marital status (divorce, marry or form a civil partnership) but keep your name
    • ", + "
  • change your title, for example, doctor or professor
    • ", + "
  • become a national of another country as well as the UK
    • ", + "
  • emigrate
    • ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Allow up to 10 weeks to get your passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a passport urgently if you need to travel sooner.

    ", + "

    Do not book travel until you have a valid passport - your new passport will not have the same number as your old one.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You can apply for a new passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Apply using a paper application form

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to get your passport.

    ", + "

    You can get a paper application form by either:

    ", + "
  • going to a Post Office that has a Check and Send service
    • ", + "
  • calling the Passport Adviceline
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a385.

    ", + "

    Fill in and sign your passport application using the name that you want to see printed on your passport.

    ", + "

    Countersignatures

    ", + "

    You must get a countersignature if your appearance has changed and you cannot be recognised from your existing passport.

    ", + "

    You do not need a countersignature if you\u2019re changing your name or adding a title.

    ", + "

    Unexpired visas

    ", + "

    Unexpired visas in your old passport may become invalid if you change your name. Check with the embassy or consulate of the country that issued the visa.

    ", + "

    If you have a non-British passport

    ", + "

    If you have dual citizenship (\u2018dual nationality\u2019) and have a non-British passport, the name on your non-British passport must match the name and gender you want on your British passport.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s different, change the details on your non-British passport before you apply for a new British passport.

    ", + "

    Marriage or civil partnership change

    ", + "

    You can get a new passport in your new name either before or after the ceremony.

    ", + "

    The name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.

    ", + "

    Get a new passport after the ceremony

    ", + "

    Send your marriage or civil partnership certificate when you apply for a passport in your new name - this includes double-barrelled names.

    ", + "

    Get a new passport before the ceremony

    ", + "

    You can apply for a passport in your new name up to 3 months before your marriage or civil partnership ceremony.

    ", + "

    Your old passport will be cancelled. Your new passport is \u2018post-dated\u2019 - you cannot use it before the ceremony.

    ", + "

    Some countries will not issue visas for post-dated passports - check with the country\u2019s embassy or consulate.

    ", + "

    You must send a \u2018passports for newly weds and civil partners\u2019 form with your documents. It must be signed by the religious minister or registrar who will conduct the ceremony.

    ", + "

    Divorce or returning to a previous surname

    ", + "

    When you apply, you also need to send:

    ", + "
  • your birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • a statement signed by you saying you\u2019ve gone back to a previous surname (for example your maiden name) \u2018for all purposes\u2019 - that is, you will not use your married or civil partnership name at all
    • ", + "
  • a document that shows you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)
    • ", + "
  • your decree absolute or final order showing both names
    • ", + "
  • a marriage or civil partnership certificate showing both names - if you do not have it you can order a copy
    • ", + "

    Gender change

    ", + "

    Send one of the following when you apply for a passport:

    ", + "
  • a Gender Recognition Certificate
    • ", + "
  • a new birth or adoption certificate showing your acquired gender
    • ", + "
  • a letter from your doctor or medical consultant confirming your change of gender is likely to be permanent
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re sending a letter from your doctor or medical consultant and you\u2019re changing your name, you\u2019ll also need to supply both of the following:

    ", + "
  • evidence of your change of name (such as a deed poll)
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)
    • ", + "

    Read the information about passports for transgender and transsexual people if you need help.

    ", + "

    Titles and small changes to forenames

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • change the spelling of your name slightly - for example, Jane to Jayne
    • ", + "
  • change the order of your forenames
    • ", + "
  • remove middle names
    • ", + "

    Send 2 documents that show you\u2019re using your new name. These can include a:

    ", + "
  • letter from a local council or government department
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • bank statement
    • ", + "
  • baptism or confirmation certificate
    • ", + "

    Titles you can use on your passport

    ", + "

    You can include:

    ", + "
  • professional titles - for example, doctor, judge, minister of religion, professor, QC, or JP if you\u2019re a magistrate
    • ", + "
  • honours or military decorations
    • ", + "

    Put the details in the \u2018other title\u2019 box of your application and send evidence of your title.

    ", + "

    Your title will be on the \u2018observations\u2019 page of your passport - it will not be part of your name, except if it\u2019s a title of nobility, for example knight, dame or a lord.

    ", + "

    Other name changes

    ", + "

    You can change your name on your passport with one of the following documents:

    ", + "
  • a deed poll
    • ", + "
  • a statutory declaration
    • ", + "
  • an affidavit
    • ", + "

    Send it with both:

    ", + "
  • proof of any previous name changes you\u2019ve made
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip or a letter from your local council)
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/collective-group-passports": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/collective-group-passports", + "title": "Collective (group) passports", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIt takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.\n\nA collective (or group) passport is a way for an organised group of young people to make a trip to certain European countries.\n\nA collective passport costs \u00a339.\n\nYoung people should travel on their own passports if possible.\n\n## Who can use a collective passport\n\nThe passport is not for families but for groups such as:\n\n- schools and sixth form colleges\n\n- guides\n\n- scouts\n\n- other recognised youth organisations\n\nYou can have between 5 and 50 children on a group passport. If there are more than 50 in the group, you can split the group and apply for 2 or more passports.\n\nEveryone on the passport must be a British national and under 18 by the end of the trip.\n\nA group leader must be named on the passport. The passport is invalid if the group leader cannot travel, but if a deputy leader is named on the application, they can take over.\n\nThe group leader and deputy leader must:\n\n- be aged 21 or over\n\n- be a British citizen and have a British passport\n\n- be a UK resident\n\n## Countries you can visit\n\nThe countries you can travel to or through on a collective passport are:\n\n- Austria\n\n- Denmark\n\n- France\n\n- Italy\n\n- Malta\n\n- Norway\n\n- Romania\n\n- Spain\n\n- Switzerland\n\n## Check if you need a visa\n\nYou may need a visa if you\u2019re travelling on a group passport, even if you do not need one when travelling on an individual passport. Contact the country\u2019s embassy or consulate in the UK to check.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIt takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.\n\n- Download the application form.\n\n- Save it to your computer and fill it in (handwritten applications are not accepted).\n\n- Collect your supporting documents.\n\n- Email your completed application form to HMPassportofficeDurhamCollectives@hmpo.gov.uk.\n\n- Print a paper copy and get it signed by the group leader and deputy leader.\n\n- Send the paper copy with the \u00a339 fee and supporting documents to Collective Passport Applications.\n\n## Paying the fee\n\nInclude a cheque for \u00a339, payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Passport Office\u2019, or pay by credit or debit card using the card payment form - use capital letters to fill in the form.\n\n## Checks on your application\n\nHM Passport Office may contact your organisation to verify the application. Include a contact number on the form that will be answered during school holidays or your application could be delayed.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nEach application must include:\n\n- a nationality questionnaire and parental consent form for each child\n\n- a collective passport photo identity card for each child\n\n- one supporting letter for the whole application\n\n## Nationality questionnaire and consent form\n\nThe nationality questionnaire and consent form (\u2018CPNQ\u2019 form) must be filled in by the person who can give consent for the child to travel. They must fill in either the:\n\n- form for a child born in the UK\n\n- form for a child born outside the UK\n\nDetails of who can give consent are on the form.\n\n## Request collective passport photo identity cards\n\nEmail your request for collective passport photo cards to HMPassportofficeDurhamCollectives@hmpo.gov.uk. Your email should include:\n\n- the number of cards you need\n\n- the full name and address of the school or organised group\n\n- a contact name and phone number\n\n## Complete collective passport photo identity cards\n\nEach card must be filled in with the child\u2019s details exactly as they appear on their nationality questionnaire and parental consent form.\n\nYou must attach a recent passport-sized photo to each card.\n\n## Rules for photos\n\nThe photos:\n\n- should be of a similar quality to standard passport photos\n\n- should not have been previously used on another document\n\n- must not be laminated or photocopies\n\nYou can use:\n\n- a school photo - as long as it does not have \u2018proof\u2019 written across it\n\n- printed digital photos\n\nThe group leader must complete their own details and sign the photo cards before submitting the application.\n\nEach child must sign their card before they travel.\n\n## Supporting letter\n\nEach application must include one supporting letter on headed paper confirming consent to the trip.\n\nIf the group is going abroad to perform (for example, in a sports competition) the letter must say:\n\n- all members of the group are amateurs\n\n- they will not get any payment\n\nIf children from more than one organisation are travelling together, you need a supporting letter from each organisation.\n\nThe letter must be signed - digital or photocopied signatures are not accepted.\n\nThe table shows who can supply and sign the supporting letter.\n\n| Type of organisation | Who can supply and sign the supporting letter |\n\n| School | The head teacher, a member of the board of governors or the education authority from each school making up the party |\n\n| Scout or guide group | The assistant county or area commissioner or someone from Association Headquarters |\n\n| Football or rugby club | Someone from the local football association or the league chairperson or secretary |\n\n| Swimming or judo clubs | Someone from the national headquarters |\n\n| Youth orchestras or choirs | Someone from the local education authority, or the vicar for church groups |\n\n| Army or Airforce cadets | The commanding officer or someone from the services authority |\n\n| Clubs or youth clubs | Someone from the local authority where the club is registered, or the national headquarters |\n\n| Registered charities | The director or a person in a similar position in the organisation |\n\n## Getting the passport changed\n\nCheck your passport when it arrives for mistakes. Children cannot travel if they\u2019re not on the passport.\n\n## If you need to amend the passport\n\nSend the passport back to HM Passport Office Collective Passport Applications with a letter explaining the reasons.\n\nIf your trip is postponed but you arrange alternative travel within the same season, you can usually get your passport amended free of charge.\n\nIf several changes are needed (for example, you\u2019re adding lots of names), you have to pay for a new one.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    It takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.

    ", + "

    A collective (or group) passport is a way for an organised group of young people to make a trip to certain European countries.

    ", + "

    A collective passport costs \u00a339.

    ", + "

    Young people should travel on their own passports if possible.

    ", + "

    Who can use a collective passport

    ", + "

    The passport is not for families but for groups such as:

    ", + "
  • schools and sixth form colleges
    • ", + "
  • guides
    • ", + "
  • scouts
    • ", + "
  • other recognised youth organisations
    • ", + "

    You can have between 5 and 50 children on a group passport. If there are more than 50 in the group, you can split the group and apply for 2 or more passports.

    ", + "

    Everyone on the passport must be a British national and under 18 by the end of the trip.

    ", + "

    A group leader must be named on the passport. The passport is invalid if the group leader cannot travel, but if a deputy leader is named on the application, they can take over.

    ", + "

    The group leader and deputy leader must:

    ", + "
  • be aged 21 or over
    • ", + "
  • be a British citizen and have a British passport
    • ", + "
  • be a UK resident
    • ", + "

    Countries you can visit

    ", + "

    The countries you can travel to or through on a collective passport are:

    ", + "
  • Austria
    • ", + "
  • Denmark
    • ", + "
  • France
    • ", + "
  • Italy
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Romania
    • ", + "
  • Spain
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "

    Check if you need a visa

    ", + "

    You may need a visa if you\u2019re travelling on a group passport, even if you do not need one when travelling on an individual passport. Contact the country\u2019s embassy or consulate in the UK to check.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    It takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.

    ", + "
  • Download the application form.
    • ", + "
  • Save it to your computer and fill it in (handwritten applications are not accepted).
    • ", + "
  • Collect your supporting documents.
    • ", + "
  • Email your completed application form to HMPassportofficeDurhamCollectives@hmpo.gov.uk.
    • ", + "
  • Print a paper copy and get it signed by the group leader and deputy leader.
    • ", + "
  • Send the paper copy with the \u00a339 fee and supporting documents to Collective Passport Applications.
    • ", + "

    Paying the fee

    ", + "

    Include a cheque for \u00a339, payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Passport Office\u2019, or pay by credit or debit card using the card payment form - use capital letters to fill in the form.

    ", + "

    Checks on your application

    ", + "

    HM Passport Office may contact your organisation to verify the application. Include a contact number on the form that will be answered during school holidays or your application could be delayed.

    ", + "

    Supporting documents

    ", + "

    Each application must include:

    ", + "
  • a nationality questionnaire and parental consent form for each child
    • ", + "
  • a collective passport photo identity card for each child
    • ", + "
  • one supporting letter for the whole application
    • ", + "

    Nationality questionnaire and consent form

    ", + "

    The nationality questionnaire and consent form (\u2018CPNQ\u2019 form) must be filled in by the person who can give consent for the child to travel. They must fill in either the:

    ", + "
  • form for a child born in the UK
    • ", + "
  • form for a child born outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Details of who can give consent are on the form.

    ", + "

    Request collective passport photo identity cards

    ", + "

    Email your request for collective passport photo cards to HMPassportofficeDurhamCollectives@hmpo.gov.uk. Your email should include:

    ", + "
  • the number of cards you need
    • ", + "
  • the full name and address of the school or organised group
    • ", + "
  • a contact name and phone number
    • ", + "

    Complete collective passport photo identity cards

    ", + "

    Each card must be filled in with the child\u2019s details exactly as they appear on their nationality questionnaire and parental consent form.

    ", + "

    You must attach a recent passport-sized photo to each card.

    ", + "

    Rules for photos

    ", + "

    The photos:

    ", + "
  • should be of a similar quality to standard passport photos
    • ", + "
  • should not have been previously used on another document
    • ", + "
  • must not be laminated or photocopies
    • ", + "

    You can use:

    ", + "
  • a school photo - as long as it does not have \u2018proof\u2019 written across it
    • ", + "
  • printed digital photos
    • ", + "

    The group leader must complete their own details and sign the photo cards before submitting the application.

    ", + "

    Each child must sign their card before they travel.

    ", + "

    Supporting letter

    ", + "

    Each application must include one supporting letter on headed paper confirming consent to the trip.

    ", + "

    If the group is going abroad to perform (for example, in a sports competition) the letter must say:

    ", + "
  • all members of the group are amateurs
    • ", + "
  • they will not get any payment
    • ", + "

    If children from more than one organisation are travelling together, you need a supporting letter from each organisation.

    ", + "

    The letter must be signed - digital or photocopied signatures are not accepted.

    ", + "

    The table shows who can supply and sign the supporting letter.

    ", + "Type of organisation | Who can supply and sign the supporting letter", + "School | The head teacher, a member of the board of governors or the education authority from each school making up the party", + "Scout or guide group | The assistant county or area commissioner or someone from Association Headquarters", + "Football or rugby club | Someone from the local football association or the league chairperson or secretary", + "Swimming or judo clubs | Someone from the national headquarters", + "Youth orchestras or choirs | Someone from the local education authority, or the vicar for church groups", + "Army or Airforce cadets | The commanding officer or someone from the services authority", + "Clubs or youth clubs | Someone from the local authority where the club is registered, or the national headquarters", + "Registered charities | The director or a person in a similar position in the organisation", + "

    Getting the passport changed

    ", + "

    Check your passport when it arrives for mistakes. Children cannot travel if they\u2019re not on the passport.

    ", + "

    If you need to amend the passport

    ", + "

    Send the passport back to HM Passport Office Collective Passport Applications with a letter explaining the reasons.

    ", + "

    If your trip is postponed but you arrange alternative travel within the same season, you can usually get your passport amended free of charge.

    ", + "

    If several changes are needed (for example, you\u2019re adding lots of names), you have to pay for a new one.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/emergency-travel-document": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/emergency-travel-document", + "title": "Get an emergency travel document", + "content": "## How it works\n\nYou can apply for an emergency travel document (sometimes called an \u2018emergency passport\u2019) if you\u2019re abroad, need to travel and cannot get a passport in time.\n\nIf you\u2019re in the UK you should apply for a passport urgently.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for an emergency travel document if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a British national\n\n- you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- your passport has been lost, stolen, damaged, is full, has recently expired or is with HM Passport Office or a foreign embassy\n\n- you do not have time to renew or replace your passport before you travel\n\n- you can provide proof of your travel plans, for example booking confirmations (or detailed written travel plans if you cannot book ahead)\n\nYou usually cannot get an emergency travel document if you\u2019ve never had a UK passport. You should apply for a passport instead.\n\n## What an emergency travel document lets you do\n\nYou can use an emergency travel document to travel to your destination through a maximum of 5 countries. You can also normally use it to return to the country you\u2019re applying from if you live there.\n\nYour travel plans (countries and dates) will be printed on your emergency travel document. If you change your travel plans once you have your emergency travel document, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new one.\n\nYou may need a visa to leave the country you\u2019re in or to travel through other countries with your emergency travel document. Check with the embassy or consulate of each country.\n\nIf your final destination is the UK, border staff will keep your emergency travel document when you arrive. Border staff at a different final destination might also keep the document.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply online.\n\nIt costs \u00a3100 to apply for an emergency travel document. The fee is not refundable. You can pay online as part of your application. If you do not, you\u2019ll be asked to pay over the phone.\n\nYou might need to attend an appointment at your nearest British embassy, high commission or consulate after you apply online. You\u2019ll be told after you\u2019ve submitted your application whether you need an appointment.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give a contact telephone number and email address as part of your application.\n\nApply now\n\n## How long it will take\n\nYour emergency travel document will normally be ready 2 working days after you apply. It may take longer because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nIt can also take longer, for example if you have:\n\n- applied for a child under 16\n\n- not paid or given the right supporting documents\n\n- not given enough or correct information\n\nYou\u2019ll be told after you\u2019ve applied how and when you\u2019ll get your emergency travel document.\n\n## Apply on behalf of someone else\n\nYou can apply for an emergency travel document and book an appointment for someone else if they\u2019re a British citizen or British national (overseas). They might have to attend an appointment and they must collect their emergency travel document in person.\n\nIf you apply for a child under 16, they\u2019ll need to attend an appointment. Both parents should go with them if possible. If neither parent can attend, they\u2019ll need to send a signed consent letter.\n\n## If you're not a British citizen\n\nYou can apply online if you\u2019re a British national (overseas).\n\nIf you\u2019re 16 or over and another type of British national, you need to:\n\n- Check if you\u2019re eligible with your nearest British embassy, high commission or consulate.\n\n- Download and fill in an application form.\n\n- Book an appointment with the embassy, high commission or consulate.\n\n- Pay the fee at your appointment.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You can apply for an emergency travel document (sometimes called an \u2018emergency passport\u2019) if you\u2019re abroad, need to travel and cannot get a passport in time.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the UK you should apply for a passport urgently.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for an emergency travel document if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a British national
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • your passport has been lost, stolen, damaged, is full, has recently expired or is with HM Passport Office or a foreign embassy
    • ", + "
  • you do not have time to renew or replace your passport before you travel
    • ", + "
  • you can provide proof of your travel plans, for example booking confirmations (or detailed written travel plans if you cannot book ahead)
    • ", + "

    You usually cannot get an emergency travel document if you\u2019ve never had a UK passport. You should apply for a passport instead.

    ", + "

    What an emergency travel document lets you do

    ", + "

    You can use an emergency travel document to travel to your destination through a maximum of 5 countries. You can also normally use it to return to the country you\u2019re applying from if you live there.

    ", + "

    Your travel plans (countries and dates) will be printed on your emergency travel document. If you change your travel plans once you have your emergency travel document, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new one.

    ", + "

    You may need a visa to leave the country you\u2019re in or to travel through other countries with your emergency travel document. Check with the embassy or consulate of each country.

    ", + "

    If your final destination is the UK, border staff will keep your emergency travel document when you arrive. Border staff at a different final destination might also keep the document.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply online.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3100 to apply for an emergency travel document. The fee is not refundable. You can pay online as part of your application. If you do not, you\u2019ll be asked to pay over the phone.

    ", + "

    You might need to attend an appointment at your nearest British embassy, high commission or consulate after you apply online. You\u2019ll be told after you\u2019ve submitted your application whether you need an appointment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give a contact telephone number and email address as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    Your emergency travel document will normally be ready 2 working days after you apply. It may take longer because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    It can also take longer, for example if you have:

    ", + "
  • applied for a child under 16
    • ", + "
  • not paid or given the right supporting documents
    • ", + "
  • not given enough or correct information
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told after you\u2019ve applied how and when you\u2019ll get your emergency travel document.

    ", + "

    Apply on behalf of someone else

    ", + "

    You can apply for an emergency travel document and book an appointment for someone else if they\u2019re a British citizen or British national (overseas). They might have to attend an appointment and they must collect their emergency travel document in person.

    ", + "

    If you apply for a child under 16, they\u2019ll need to attend an appointment. Both parents should go with them if possible. If neither parent can attend, they\u2019ll need to send a signed consent letter.

    ", + "

    If you're not a British citizen

    ", + "

    You can apply online if you\u2019re a British national (overseas).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 16 or over and another type of British national, you need to:

    ", + "
  • Check if you\u2019re eligible with your nearest British embassy, high commission or consulate.
    • ", + "
  • Download and fill in an application form.
    • ", + "
  • Book an appointment with the embassy, high commission or consulate.
    • ", + "
  • Pay the fee at your appointment.
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions", + "title": "Hand luggage restrictions at UK airports", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThere are restrictions on what items you can take in your hand luggage and hold luggage when boarding a plane in the UK.\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re taking goods to sell or temporarily abroad for business reasons, for example sales samples, professional equipment or musical instruments for a performance.\n\nAirport security staff will not let anything through that they consider dangerous - even if it\u2019s normally allowed in hand luggage.\n\n## Hand luggage allowances\n\nCheck with your airline how many and what size bags you can take on the plane with you.\n\nCheck the rules for electronic items and devices you\u2019re allowed to take on a flight before you travel - there are different rules depending on which country you are travelling to or from.\n\n## Taking liquids through security\n\nThere are restrictions on the amount of liquids you can take in your hand luggage. If possible, pack liquids in your hold baggage (luggage that you check in).\n\nLiquids include:\n\n- all drinks, including water\n\n- liquid or semi-liquid foods, for example soup, jam, honey and syrups\n\n- cosmetics and toiletries, including creams, lotions, oils, perfumes, mascara and lip gloss\n\n- sprays, including shaving foam, hairspray and spray deodorants\n\n- pastes, including toothpaste\n\n- gels, including hair and shower gel\n\n- contact lens solution\n\n- any other solutions and items of similar consistency\n\nIf you do take liquids in your hand luggage:\n\n- containers must hold no more than 100ml\n\n- containers must be in a single, transparent, resealable plastic bag, which holds no more than a litre and measures approximately 20cm x 20cm\n\n- contents must fit comfortably inside the bag so it can be sealed\n\n- the bag must not be knotted or tied at the top\n\n- you\u2019re limited to 1 plastic bag per person\n\n- you must show the bag at the airport security point\n\nLiquids in containers larger than 100ml generally cannot go through security even if the container is only part full. There are some exemptions.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou can take liquid containers larger than 100ml through security if they:\n\n- are for essential medical purposes\n\n- are for special dietary requirements\n\n- contain baby food or baby milk\n\nYou can also take liquids bought at an airport or on a plane (such as duty free) through security if:\n\n- the items are sealed inside a security bag when you buy them\n\n- the receipt for the items is sealed in the security bag and visible\n\nYou must not open the security bag until you reach your final destination. Airport staff may need to open the items to screen the liquid at the security point.\n\n## Liquid restrictions outside the EU\n\nCountries outside the EU might have different rules on carrying liquids as a transit or transfer passenger. You should check these rules with the relevant airlines and airports before travelling.\n\n## Lighters\n\nYou can only carry 1 lighter on board. You should put it inside a resealable plastic bag (like the ones used for liquids), which you must keep on you throughout the flight. You cannot:\n\n- put it in your hold luggage\n\n- put it in your hand luggage after screening\n\n## Food and powders\n\nFood items and powders in your hand luggage can obstruct images on x-ray machines. Your bags may need to be checked again manually by security. You can put these items in your hold luggage to minimise delays.\n\n## Baby food and baby milk\n\nWhen travelling with a baby you\u2019re allowed to take enough baby food, baby milk and sterilised water for the journey. There is no legal limit to how much you can take however check with your airport before you travel.\n\nYou can carry breast milk in hand luggage even if you\u2019re not travelling with a baby. You cannot carry frozen breast milk in hand luggage.\n\nIndividual containers of breast milk must hold no more than 2,000ml. Each container will need to be screened at the security point. Airport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Breast milk | Yes, in containers up to 2,000ml | Yes |\n\n| Frozen breast milk | No | Yes |\n\n| Formula milk, cow\u2019s milk | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Sterilised water for the baby | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Soya milk for babies | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Baby food | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes |\n\n## Personal items\n\n## Musical instruments\n\nContact your airline before you book if you want to travel with a large musical instrument. You may need to make special arrangements, such as buying an extra seat.\n\nMusical instruments will be screened separately.\n\n## Mobility aids\n\nPushchairs, walking aids and wheelchairs are usually allowed in the cabin, but will need to be security screened first.\n\nFor battery-powered wheelchairs or mobility aids check with your airline first.\n\n## Other personal items\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Corkscrew | No | Yes |\n\n| Spoon | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Knife (with a sharp or pointed blade and/or blade longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline) |\n\n| Small scissors (with blades no longer than 6cm) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Large scissors (with blades longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline) |\n\n| Round-ended/blunt scissors | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Fixed-cartridge razor blades (disposable razor) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Nail clippers/nail file | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Tweezers | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Knitting needles | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sewing needle | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Umbrella | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Walking stick/cane, walking aid | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Pushchair | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Wheelchair | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Safety matches | Yes | No |\n\n| Non-safety matches | No | No |\n\n| Fireworks, flares and other pyrotechnics, including party poppers and toy caps | No | No |\n\n| Cigarette lighter | No, but you can put a lighter in a plastic liquids bag and keep it on your person | No |\n\n| Contact lens solution | Yes (up to 100ml) | Yes |\n\n## Medicines, medical equipment and dietary requirements\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to carry the following in your hand luggage:\n\n- essential medicines of more than 100ml, including liquid dietary foodstuffs and inhalers\n\n- medical equipment, if it\u2019s essential for your journey\n\nYou\u2019ll need supporting documentation from a relevant medical professional (for example a letter from your doctor or a copy of your prescription).\n\nAirport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids at the security point. Medical equipment is screened separately.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Tablets and capsules | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Essential liquid medicines | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Hypodermic syringes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Inhalers | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Medical equipment (for example CPAP and TENS machines) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Special food and liquids needed for medical reasons | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Oxygen cylinders | Contact your airline | Contact your airline |\n\n## Electronic devices and electrical items\n\nYou can only take certain electronic devices and electrical items on flights to the UK.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Mobile phone | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Laptop | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Tablet devices | Yes | Yes |\n\n| MP3 player | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Hairdryer or straighteners | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Travel iron | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Electric shaver | Yes | Yes |\n\n| E-cigarettes | Yes | No |\n\nSome airlines might also have different restrictions. Check with your airline before you travel if you\u2019re not sure about what you can take as hand luggage.\n\n## Cameras\n\nYou can usually take camera equipment in your hand and hold luggage.\n\nThere might be restrictions on specialist equipment, for example professional video cameras.\n\n## Make sure your devices are charged\n\nMake sure your electronic devices are charged before you travel. If your device does not switch on when requested, you will not be allowed to take it onto the aircraft.\n\n## Batteries for your device\n\nCheck the restrictions on certain types of batteries or contact your airline if you\u2019re not sure what you can carry.\n\n## Gas-powered hair curlers\n\nYou can take hair curlers containing a gas cartridge in hand or hold luggage as long as the safety cover is fitted at all times. You must not take separate gas cartridges on board.\n\n## Sports equipment\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Sports parachute | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Heavy bats and sticks (including baseball, softball and cricket bats) | No | Yes |\n\n| Tennis racquets | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Snooker, pool or billiard cue | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Golf clubs | No | Yes |\n\n| Darts | No | Yes |\n\n| Walking/hiking poles | No | Yes |\n\n| Fishing rod | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Catapult | No | Yes |\n\n| Firearms (including replica firearms) | No | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n| Harpoon or spear gun | No | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n| Crossbow | No | Yes |\n\n| Martial arts equipment (including knuckledusters, clubs, coshes, rice flails and nunchuks) | No | Yes |\n\n| Diving equipment | Check with your airline before you travel | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n## Work tools\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Tool with a blade or shaft longer than 6cm (for example chisel) | No | Yes |\n\n| Drill and drill bits | No | Yes |\n\n| Stanley knife | No | Yes |\n\n| Saw (including portable power saw) | No | Yes |\n\n| Screwdriver | No | Yes |\n\n| Hammer | No | Yes |\n\n| Pliers | No | Yes |\n\n| Wrench or spanner | No | Yes |\n\n| Bolt gun or nail gun | No | Yes |\n\n| Crowbar | No | Yes |\n\n| Blowtorch | No | Yes |\n\n## Chemicals and toxic substances\n\nYou cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:\n\n- oxidisers and organic peroxides, including bleach and car body repair kits\n\n- acids and alkalis (for example spillable \u2018wet\u2019 batteries)\n\n- corrosives or bleaching agents (including mercury and chlorine)\n\n- vehicle batteries and fuel systems\n\n- self defence or disabling sprays (for example mace, pepper spray)\n\n- radioactive materials (including medicinal or commercial isotopes)\n\n- poisons or toxic substances (for example rat poison)\n\n- biological hazards (for example infected blood, bacteria, viruses)\n\n- materials that could spontaneously combust (burst into flames)\n\n- fire extinguishers\n\n## Ammunition\n\nYou cannot take any guns or firearms (including air rifles and starting pistols) as hand luggage. You may be able to take them as hold luggage - check with your airline before you travel.\n\nYou cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:\n\n- blasting caps\n\n- detonators and fuses\n\n- imitation explosive devices (including replica or model guns)\n\n- mines, grenades, and other explosive military stores\n\n- fireworks and pyrotechnics\n\n- smoke canisters\n\n- smoke cartridges\n\n- dynamite\n\n- gunpowder\n\n- plastic explosives (including black powder and percussion caps)\n\n- flares\n\n- hand grenades\n\n- gun cigarette lighters", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    There are restrictions on what items you can take in your hand luggage and hold luggage when boarding a plane in the UK.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you\u2019re taking goods to sell or temporarily abroad for business reasons, for example sales samples, professional equipment or musical instruments for a performance.

    ", + "

    Airport security staff will not let anything through that they consider dangerous - even if it\u2019s normally allowed in hand luggage.

    ", + "

    Hand luggage allowances

    ", + "

    Check with your airline how many and what size bags you can take on the plane with you.

    ", + "

    Check the rules for electronic items and devices you\u2019re allowed to take on a flight before you travel - there are different rules depending on which country you are travelling to or from.

    ", + "

    Taking liquids through security

    ", + "

    There are restrictions on the amount of liquids you can take in your hand luggage. If possible, pack liquids in your hold baggage (luggage that you check in).

    ", + "

    Liquids include:

    ", + "
  • all drinks, including water
    • ", + "
  • liquid or semi-liquid foods, for example soup, jam, honey and syrups
    • ", + "
  • cosmetics and toiletries, including creams, lotions, oils, perfumes, mascara and lip gloss
    • ", + "
  • sprays, including shaving foam, hairspray and spray deodorants
    • ", + "
  • pastes, including toothpaste
    • ", + "
  • gels, including hair and shower gel
    • ", + "
  • contact lens solution
    • ", + "
  • any other solutions and items of similar consistency
    • ", + "

    If you do take liquids in your hand luggage:

    ", + "
  • containers must hold no more than 100ml
    • ", + "
  • containers must be in a single, transparent, resealable plastic bag, which holds no more than a litre and measures approximately 20cm x 20cm
    • ", + "
  • contents must fit comfortably inside the bag so it can be sealed
    • ", + "
  • the bag must not be knotted or tied at the top
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re limited to 1 plastic bag per person
    • ", + "
  • you must show the bag at the airport security point
    • ", + "

    Liquids in containers larger than 100ml generally cannot go through security even if the container is only part full. There are some exemptions.

    ", + "

    Exemptions

    ", + "

    You can take liquid containers larger than 100ml through security if they:

    ", + "
  • are for essential medical purposes
    • ", + "
  • are for special dietary requirements
    • ", + "
  • contain baby food or baby milk
    • ", + "

    You can also take liquids bought at an airport or on a plane (such as duty free) through security if:

    ", + "
  • the items are sealed inside a security bag when you buy them
    • ", + "
  • the receipt for the items is sealed in the security bag and visible
    • ", + "

    You must not open the security bag until you reach your final destination. Airport staff may need to open the items to screen the liquid at the security point.

    ", + "

    Liquid restrictions outside the EU

    ", + "

    Countries outside the EU might have different rules on carrying liquids as a transit or transfer passenger. You should check these rules with the relevant airlines and airports before travelling.

    ", + "

    Lighters

    ", + "

    You can only carry 1 lighter on board. You should put it inside a resealable plastic bag (like the ones used for liquids), which you must keep on you throughout the flight. You cannot:

    ", + "
  • put it in your hold luggage
    • ", + "
  • put it in your hand luggage after screening
    • ", + "

    Food and powders

    ", + "

    Food items and powders in your hand luggage can obstruct images on x-ray machines. Your bags may need to be checked again manually by security. You can put these items in your hold luggage to minimise delays.

    ", + "

    Baby food and baby milk

    ", + "

    When travelling with a baby you\u2019re allowed to take enough baby food, baby milk and sterilised water for the journey. There is no legal limit to how much you can take however check with your airport before you travel.

    ", + "

    You can carry breast milk in hand luggage even if you\u2019re not travelling with a baby. You cannot carry frozen breast milk in hand luggage.

    ", + "

    Individual containers of breast milk must hold no more than 2,000ml. Each container will need to be screened at the security point. Airport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids.

    ", + " | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage", + "Breast milk | Yes, in containers up to 2,000ml | Yes", + "Frozen breast milk | No | Yes", + "Formula milk, cow\u2019s milk | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes", + "Sterilised water for the baby | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes", + "Soya milk for babies | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes", + "Baby food | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes", + "Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes", + "

    Personal items

    ", + "

    Musical instruments

    ", + "

    Contact your airline before you book if you want to travel with a large musical instrument. You may need to make special arrangements, such as buying an extra seat.

    ", + "

    Musical instruments will be screened separately.

    ", + "

    Mobility aids

    ", + "

    Pushchairs, walking aids and wheelchairs are usually allowed in the cabin, but will need to be security screened first.

    ", + "

    For battery-powered wheelchairs or mobility aids check with your airline first.

    ", + "

    Other personal items

    ", + " | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage", + "Corkscrew | No | Yes", + "Spoon | Yes | Yes", + "Knife (with a sharp or pointed blade and/or blade longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline)", + "Small scissors (with blades no longer than 6cm) | Yes | Yes", + "Large scissors (with blades longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline)", + "Round-ended/blunt scissors | Yes | Yes", + "Fixed-cartridge razor blades (disposable razor) | Yes | Yes", + "Nail clippers/nail file | Yes | Yes", + "Tweezers | Yes | Yes", + "Knitting needles | Yes | Yes", + "Sewing needle | Yes | Yes", + "Umbrella | Yes | Yes", + "Walking stick/cane, walking aid | Yes | Yes", + "Pushchair | Yes | Yes", + "Wheelchair | Yes | Yes", + "Safety matches | Yes | No", + "Non-safety matches | No | No", + "Fireworks, flares and other pyrotechnics, including party poppers and toy caps | No | No", + "Cigarette lighter | No, but you can put a lighter in a plastic liquids bag and keep it on your person | No", + "Contact lens solution | Yes (up to 100ml) | Yes", + "

    Medicines, medical equipment and dietary requirements

    ", + "

    You\u2019re allowed to carry the following in your hand luggage:

    ", + "
  • essential medicines of more than 100ml, including liquid dietary foodstuffs and inhalers
    • ", + "
  • medical equipment, if it\u2019s essential for your journey
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need supporting documentation from a relevant medical professional (for example a letter from your doctor or a copy of your prescription).

    ", + "

    Airport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids at the security point. Medical equipment is screened separately.

    ", + " | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage", + "Tablets and capsules | Yes | Yes", + "Essential liquid medicines | Yes | Yes", + "Hypodermic syringes | Yes | Yes", + "Inhalers | Yes | Yes", + "Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes", + "Medical equipment (for example CPAP and TENS machines) | Yes | Yes", + "Special food and liquids needed for medical reasons | Yes | Yes", + "Oxygen cylinders | Contact your airline | Contact your airline", + "

    Electronic devices and electrical items

    ", + "

    You can only take certain electronic devices and electrical items on flights to the UK.

    ", + " | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage", + "Mobile phone | Yes | Yes", + "Laptop | Yes | Yes", + "Tablet devices | Yes | Yes", + "MP3 player | Yes | Yes", + "Hairdryer or straighteners | Yes | Yes", + "Travel iron | Yes | Yes", + "Electric shaver | Yes | Yes", + "E-cigarettes | Yes | No", + "

    Some airlines might also have different restrictions. Check with your airline before you travel if you\u2019re not sure about what you can take as hand luggage.

    ", + "

    Cameras

    ", + "

    You can usually take camera equipment in your hand and hold luggage.

    ", + "

    There might be restrictions on specialist equipment, for example professional video cameras.

    ", + "

    Make sure your devices are charged

    ", + "

    Make sure your electronic devices are charged before you travel. If your device does not switch on when requested, you will not be allowed to take it onto the aircraft.

    ", + "

    Batteries for your device

    ", + "

    Check the restrictions on certain types of batteries or contact your airline if you\u2019re not sure what you can carry.

    ", + "

    Gas-powered hair curlers

    ", + "

    You can take hair curlers containing a gas cartridge in hand or hold luggage as long as the safety cover is fitted at all times. You must not take separate gas cartridges on board.

    ", + "

    Sports equipment

    ", + " | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage", + "Sports parachute | Yes | Yes", + "Heavy bats and sticks (including baseball, softball and cricket bats) | No | Yes", + "Tennis racquets | Yes | Yes", + "Snooker, pool or billiard cue | Yes | Yes", + "Golf clubs | No | Yes", + "Darts | No | Yes", + "Walking/hiking poles | No | Yes", + "Fishing rod | Yes | Yes", + "Catapult | No | Yes", + "Firearms (including replica firearms) | No | Check with your airline before you travel", + "Harpoon or spear gun | No | Check with your airline before you travel", + "Crossbow | No | Yes", + "Martial arts equipment (including knuckledusters, clubs, coshes, rice flails and nunchuks) | No | Yes", + "Diving equipment | Check with your airline before you travel | Check with your airline before you travel", + "

    Work tools

    ", + " | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage", + "Tool with a blade or shaft longer than 6cm (for example chisel) | No | Yes", + "Drill and drill bits | No | Yes", + "Stanley knife | No | Yes", + "Saw (including portable power saw) | No | Yes", + "Screwdriver | No | Yes", + "Hammer | No | Yes", + "Pliers | No | Yes", + "Wrench or spanner | No | Yes", + "Bolt gun or nail gun | No | Yes", + "Crowbar | No | Yes", + "Blowtorch | No | Yes", + "

    Chemicals and toxic substances

    ", + "

    You cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:

    ", + "
  • oxidisers and organic peroxides, including bleach and car body repair kits
    • ", + "
  • acids and alkalis (for example spillable \u2018wet\u2019 batteries)
    • ", + "
  • corrosives or bleaching agents (including mercury and chlorine)
    • ", + "
  • vehicle batteries and fuel systems
    • ", + "
  • self defence or disabling sprays (for example mace, pepper spray)
    • ", + "
  • radioactive materials (including medicinal or commercial isotopes)
    • ", + "
  • poisons or toxic substances (for example rat poison)
    • ", + "
  • biological hazards (for example infected blood, bacteria, viruses)
    • ", + "
  • materials that could spontaneously combust (burst into flames)
    • ", + "
  • fire extinguishers
    • ", + "

    Ammunition

    ", + "

    You cannot take any guns or firearms (including air rifles and starting pistols) as hand luggage. You may be able to take them as hold luggage - check with your airline before you travel.

    ", + "

    You cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:

    ", + "
  • blasting caps
    • ", + "
  • detonators and fuses
    • ", + "
  • imitation explosive devices (including replica or model guns)
    • ", + "
  • mines, grenades, and other explosive military stores
    • ", + "
  • fireworks and pyrotechnics
    • ", + "
  • smoke canisters
    • ", + "
  • smoke cartridges
    • ", + "
  • dynamite
    • ", + "
  • gunpowder
    • ", + "
  • plastic explosives (including black powder and percussion caps)
    • ", + "
  • flares
    • ", + "
  • hand grenades
    • ", + "
  • gun cigarette lighters
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control", + "title": "Entering the UK", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling to England, what you need to do depends on where you have been in the 10 days before you arrive. If you have been in a country or territory on the:\n\n- green list - you must take a coronavirus (COVID-19) test on or before day 2\n\n- amber list - you must quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying and take 2 COVID-19 tests\n\n- red list - you must quarantine in a hotel and take 2 COVID-19 tests\n\nYou cannot currently enter the UK if you\u2019ve been in or through a country on the red list unless you\u2019re British, Irish or you have the right to live in the UK.\n\nYou must follow these rules even if you have been vaccinated.\n\nFind out which list the country you\u2019ve been in is on and what you need to do.\n\nFind out what to do if you\u2019re:\n\n- travelling to Scotland\n\n- travelling to Wales\n\n- travelling to Northern Ireland\n\n## Before you leave for the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- provide proof of a negative COVID-19 test taken in the 3 days before you leave for the UK\n\n- complete a passenger locator form\n\nFind out more about what you\u2019ll need to do before you leave for the UK because of COVID-19.\n\nYour passport or identity card will be checked when you arrive at a UK port or airport to make sure you\u2019re allowed to come into the country. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.\n\nYou may also need a visa to come into or travel through the UK, depending on your nationality.\n\n## What you can bring with you\n\nWhat you can bring with you depends on where you\u2019re travelling from. You must declare to customs:\n\n- anything over your duty-free allowance\n\n- banned or restricted goods in the UK\n\n- goods that you plan to sell\n\n- more than \u20ac10,000 (or its equivalent) in cash, if you\u2019re coming from outside the EU\n\nYou and your baggage may be checked for anything you must declare.\n\n## COVID-19 restrictions in the UK\n\nCOVID-19 restrictions currently apply in England. Find out about the:\n\n- rules in Scotland\n\n- rules in Wales\n\n- rules in Northern Ireland\n\n## Before you leave for the UK\n\nEveryone travelling to the UK must:\n\n- book at least one coronavirus (COVID-19) test for after you arrive\n\n- provide your contact details by completing the online passenger locator form\n\n- provide proof of a negative COVID-19 test taken in the 3 days before you leave for the UK\n\n- follow the testing and quarantine rules in England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nYou\u2019ll be committing a criminal offence if you do not have proof of a negative test or you have not completed the passenger locator form. You may be fined. You may not be allowed to board. If you are not British or Irish, you may not be allowed to enter the UK.\n\n## COVID-19 testing and quarantine in England\n\nWhat you need to do depends on where you have been in the 10 days before you arrive. If you have been in a country or territory on the:\n\n- green list - you must book a COVID-19 test to take after you arrive\n\n- amber list - you must book 2 COVID-19 tests to take after you arrive and quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying\n\n- red list - you must book a hotel quarantine package, which includes 2 COVID-19 tests\n\nFind out which list the country you\u2019ve been in is on and what you need to do.\n\nYou must follow these rules even if you have been vaccinated.\n\nYou might be exempt from some or all COVID-19 travel and entry requirements because of your job. Check if your job means you\u2019re exempt.\n\nChildren aged 4 and under do not need to take any COVID-19 travel tests after they arrive in England.\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling from a country on the amber list, you may be able to end your quarantine early by booking a third coronavirus test through Test to Release.\n\n## COVID-19 testing and quarantine in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nCheck the rules and exemptions for quarantine and COVID-19 tests:\n\n- if you\u2019re travelling to Scotland\n\n- if you\u2019re travelling to Wales\n\n- If you\u2019re travelling to Northern Ireland\n\n## Complete the passenger locator form\n\nYou need to provide your journey and contact details in the 48 hours before you arrive in the UK. You must do this by completing the online passenger locator form.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show your completed passenger locator form when you check in to travel or board your plane, train or ferry.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to show proof that you\u2019ve completed the form when you arrive at the UK border.\n\n## Provide a negative COVID-19 test to travel to the UK\n\nYou must have proof of a negative COVID-19 test to travel to the UK - even if you\u2019re a UK citizen.\n\nIf your test result is positive you must not travel. You must follow the local COVID-19 rules and guidance.\n\nThe test must be taken in the 3 days before you depart. The results must be in English, French or Spanish.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show the test results when you check in to travel or board your plane, train or ferry. You may also be asked to show them when you arrive.\n\nYou could be fined \u00a3500 when you arrive at the border if you cannot provide proof that you have had a negative COVID-19 test.\n\nFind out more about providing a COVID-19 test result, including exemptions and acceptable types of test.\n\n## When you do not need to provide a negative COVID-19 test\n\nYou do not need a test if you\u2019re travelling:\n\n- within the UK, the Isle of Man, Jersey and Guernsey\n\n- from Ireland\n\n- from Ascension, Falkland Islands, St Helena and Myanmar\n\nChildren under 11 do not need a test.\n\nThere are other reasons you might not need a test, for example:\n\n- you have a job on the \u2018exempt jobs\u2019 list\n\n- you\u2019re travelling to the UK for medical reasons\n\n- you\u2019re travelling from a country where you cannot access testing facilities\n\nRead the guidance about:\n\n- taking a COVID-19 test before you travel to England\n\n- taking a COVID-19 test before you travel to Scotland\n\nYou must still follow the rules for quarantining when you arrive in the UK.\n\n## You\u2019re from an EEA country or Switzerland\n\nYou can enter the UK with either a passport or national identity card issued by an EEA country or Switzerland that should be valid for the whole of your stay.\n\nFrom 1 October 2021, you will not be able to use an EEA or Swiss national identity card to enter the UK unless you:\n\n- have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- have an EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- have a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- are an S2 Healthcare Visitor\n\n- are a Swiss Service Provider\n\nCheck if you need a visa to come to the UK after 1 January 2021.\n\n## You\u2019re not from an EEA country\n\nYou must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.\n\nYou may also need a visa, depending on which country you\u2019re from.\n\nCheck if you need a visa to enter the UK.\n\nYou may also need a visa if you\u2019re \u2018transiting\u2019 or travelling through the UK, for example you\u2019re changing flights at a UK airport.\n\n## Applying for a visa\n\nYou must apply for your visa before you arrive in the UK.\n\n## Travelling with children\n\nYou may be asked at the border to prove the relationship between yourself and any children travelling with you, if you do not seem to be the parent, for example if you have a different surname.\n\nYou can prove this with:\n\n- a birth or adoption certificate showing your relationship with the child\n\n- divorce or marriage certificates if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname from the child\n\n- a letter from the child\u2019s parent giving permission for the child to travel with you and providing contact details, if you\u2019re not the parent\n\n## Before you board\n\nYour \u2018carrier\u2019 (for example airline or transport provider) will check your passport and other travel documents. They\u2019ll send this information electronically to Border Force.\n\nYou can ask to see the information about you that\u2019s been sent by carriers.\n\n## At border control\n\nYou must wear a face covering at the airport, port or station you\u2019re arriving into and follow social distancing rules.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show:\n\n- your passport or identity card\n\n- your proof of a negative coronavirus (COVID-19) test\n\n- your passenger locator form\n\nYou must:\n\n- have your passport or identity card ready - remove it from a holder or wallet if you use one\n\n- remove your face covering or sunglasses, if you\u2019re wearing them\n\n- move through passport control together if you\u2019re in a family\n\nYou will have to wait longer than usual at border control because of COVID-19.\n\n## Showing your passenger locator form\n\nYou need to show proof that you\u2019ve completed a passenger locator form when you arrive at the UK border. The government will use the form to contact you if someone you\u2019ve travelled with develops COVID-19 symptoms.\n\nWhen you submit the form you\u2019ll receive a confirmation email with a document attached. At border control you must show either a:\n\n- printed copy of the document\n\n- downloaded copy of document on your phone\n\nBorder Force officers will scan the QR code at the top of this document to check you have completed the form successfully.\n\nIt is a criminal offence to provide false or deliberately misleading information when filling out your passenger locator form. You could be fined up to \u00a310,000, imprisoned for up to 10 years, or both, if you do not provide accurate details about the countries you have visited in the 10 days before you arrived in the UK.\n\nYou may also need to show proof of a negative coronavirus test at the border. You could be fined up to \u00a3500 if you cannot show proof when asked.\n\n## Arriving by bus or coach\n\nYou have to leave the bus when you arrive at border control.\n\nMake sure you:\n\n- are ready to get off the bus when you arrive\n\n- have your travel documents ready\n\nRead the guidance for school parties and groups coming to the UK by coach.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an EEA country or Switzerland\n\nYou can use the UK/EEA channel to get your passport or identity card checked - this is usually faster than the other channels.\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway.\n\nYou can use automatic ePassport gates at some airports if your passport has a \u2018chip\u2019 on it and you\u2019re 12 or over. If you\u2019re between 12 and 17, you must be accompanied by an adult.\n\nThese gates use facial recognition technology to check your identity against the photo in your passport.\n\n## If you\u2019re from a non-EEA country\n\nYour passport (and visa if you have one) will be checked at border control. You\u2019ll usually be asked why you\u2019re coming to the UK.\n\nYou can use the UK/EEA immigration lanes and the automatic ePassport gates if you\u2019re from:\n\n- Australia\n\n- Canada\n\n- Japan\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Singapore\n\n- South Korea\n\n- United States\n\n## When you cannot use an ePassport gate\n\nYou must see a border control officer and get a stamp in your passport if you are entering the UK:\n\n- with a Tier 5 Creative or Sporting certificate of sponsorship for up to 3 months (and you want to enter without a visa)\n\n- on a permitted paid engagement\n\nYou cannot get a stamp if you use the ePassport gates. Without a stamp you will not be allowed to carry out the activities you came to the UK to do.\n\n## Registered Travellers\n\nYou can use the UK/EEA immigration lanes and the automatic ePassport gates.\n\n## Travelling with a UK biometric residence permit\n\nYou\u2019ll have a biometric residence permit if your fingerprints were taken when you applied.\n\nYour fingerprints will be checked at border control - they\u2019ll be checked against the ones stored on your visa document.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused entry\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in writing:\n\n- why you\u2019ve been refused entry to the UK\n\n- if you can appeal against the decision\n\n- when you will be removed from the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to leave the UK immediately.\n\nYou may be allowed into the UK temporarily (usually for up to a week) but your passport will be taken from you and you must report to immigration officers at set times.\n\n## Baggage checks\n\nYou must co-operate if you\u2019re stopped and asked about your baggage.\n\nIf you break the rules your goods and any vehicle you use to transport them may be seized.\n\n## If your baggage is checked\n\nYour baggage is usually checked in front of you.\n\nCustoms officers keep a record of:\n\n- all baggage they open and check\n\n- any damage to your baggage or belongings during a check\n\n## If your things are damaged\n\nYou may be offered compensation if your baggage or belongings are damaged during a customs check.\n\n## Making a complaint\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask for the duty manager if you want to complain about a customs check while you\u2019re at the border\n\n- send your complaint to Border Force if you want to complain later\n\n## Layovers and transiting through a UK airport\n\nPassing through a UK airport while on the way to another country is called \u2018transiting\u2019. Some travellers call it a \u2018layover\u2019.\n\nThere are 2 types of transiting:\n\n- \u2018airside\u2019 - you do not pass through UK border control before you leave on your connecting journey\n\n- \u2018landside\u2019 - you do pass through UK border control, but come back through it and leave the UK within a short amount of time (usually 24 hours)\n\nFind out if you need a UK visa for your layover.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) testing and quarantine\n\nBefore you travel you need to:\n\n- provide your contact details by completing the online passenger locator form\n\n- provide proof of a negative COVID-19 test\n\nCheck the rules for transiting.\n\n## Quarantining when you arrive in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling to England, what you need to do depends on where you have been in the 10 days before you arrive. If you have been in a country or territory on the:\n\n- green list - you do not need to quarantine but you must take a COVID-19 test on or before day 2\n\n- amber list - you must quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying and take 2 COVID-19 tests\n\n- red list - you must quarantine in a hotel and take 2 COVID-19 tests\n\nYou must follow these rules even if you have been vaccinated.\n\nFind out which list the country you\u2019ve been in is on and what you need to do.\n\nYou may be fined if you do not quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying or in a managed quarantine hotel when you need to. You can be prosecuted if you do not pay on time.\n\nSome people are exempt from some or all COVID-19 travel and entry requirements because of their jobs. Check if your job means you\u2019re exempt.\n\n## Quarantine rules in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nFind out what to do and whether you\u2019re exempt if you\u2019re:\n\n- travelling to Scotland\n\n- travelling to Wales\n\n- travelling to Northern Ireland\n\n## Ending quarantine early through Test to Release\n\nYou may be able to end quarantine early through the \u2018Test to Release\u2019 scheme if you pay for a private coronavirus (COVID-19) test.\n\nYou must still take the 2 COVID-19 tests you booked before you travelled. Find out more about the tests you must book and take.\n\nYou cannot use the Test to Release scheme if you\u2019ve been in or through a country on the red list in the 10 days before you arrive in England.\n\nThis guidance is for England. Find out what to do if you\u2019re:\n\n- travelling to Scotland\n\n- travelling to Wales\n\n- travelling to Northern Ireland\n\n## When you can take the private COVID-19 test\n\nThe earliest you can take a test is 5 days after you arrive in England. For example, if you arrive on a Monday, you can take a test from the following Saturday.\n\n## When you can stop quarantining\n\nIf the test is negative you can stop quarantining as soon as you get the result.\n\nIf the test is positive you need to quarantine for another 10 days. Count the 10 days starting from the day you took the test, or from when you first had symptoms if that is earlier.\n\nIf you\u2019re living or staying with someone in the UK they should also self-isolate for 10 days, starting from the day you took the test.\n\nIf the test is inconclusive you also need to quarantine for another 10 days. You can stop quarantining if you take another test with an eligible private provider and the result is negative.\n\nYou may be fined up to \u00a310,000 if you do not quarantine when you need to. You can be prosecuted if you do not pay the fine on time.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need\n\nBefore arriving in England, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- book a test with an eligible private provider\n\n- say that you\u2019ll be using the Test to Release scheme on the passenger locator form\n\nYou cannot take a test through NHS Test and Trace to shorten your quarantine period. You must continue to quarantine if the result from an NHS Test and Trace test is negative.\n\nIf you did not book the test before you arrived in England, you can book one after you arrive. You will need to complete another passenger locator form to opt into the scheme.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to England, what you need to do depends on where you have been in the 10 days before you arrive. If you have been in a country or territory on the:

    ", + "
  • green list - you must take a coronavirus (COVID-19) test on or before day 2
    • ", + "
  • amber list - you must quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying and take 2 COVID-19 tests
    • ", + "
  • red list - you must quarantine in a hotel and take 2 COVID-19 tests
    • ", + "

    You cannot currently enter the UK if you\u2019ve been in or through a country on the red list unless you\u2019re British, Irish or you have the right to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must follow these rules even if you have been vaccinated.

    ", + "

    Find out which list the country you\u2019ve been in is on and what you need to do.

    ", + "

    Find out what to do if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • travelling to Scotland
    • ", + "
  • travelling to Wales
    • ", + "
  • travelling to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Before you leave for the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • provide proof of a negative COVID-19 test taken in the 3 days before you leave for the UK
    • ", + "
  • complete a passenger locator form
    • ", + "

    Find out more about what you\u2019ll need to do before you leave for the UK because of COVID-19.

    ", + "

    Your passport or identity card will be checked when you arrive at a UK port or airport to make sure you\u2019re allowed to come into the country. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.

    ", + "

    You may also need a visa to come into or travel through the UK, depending on your nationality.

    ", + "

    What you can bring with you

    ", + "

    What you can bring with you depends on where you\u2019re travelling from. You must declare to customs:

    ", + "
  • anything over your duty-free allowance
    • ", + "
  • banned or restricted goods in the UK
    • ", + "
  • goods that you plan to sell
    • ", + "
  • more than \u20ac10,000 (or its equivalent) in cash, if you\u2019re coming from outside the EU
    • ", + "

    You and your baggage may be checked for anything you must declare.

    ", + "

    COVID-19 restrictions in the UK

    ", + "

    COVID-19 restrictions currently apply in England. Find out about the:

    ", + "
  • rules in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • rules in Wales
    • ", + "
  • rules in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Before you leave for the UK

    ", + "

    Everyone travelling to the UK must:

    ", + "
  • book at least one coronavirus (COVID-19) test for after you arrive
    • ", + "
  • provide your contact details by completing the online passenger locator form
    • ", + "
  • provide proof of a negative COVID-19 test taken in the 3 days before you leave for the UK
    • ", + "
  • follow the testing and quarantine rules in England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be committing a criminal offence if you do not have proof of a negative test or you have not completed the passenger locator form. You may be fined. You may not be allowed to board. If you are not British or Irish, you may not be allowed to enter the UK.

    ", + "

    COVID-19 testing and quarantine in England

    ", + "

    What you need to do depends on where you have been in the 10 days before you arrive. If you have been in a country or territory on the:

    ", + "
  • green list - you must book a COVID-19 test to take after you arrive
    • ", + "
  • amber list - you must book 2 COVID-19 tests to take after you arrive and quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying
    • ", + "
  • red list - you must book a hotel quarantine package, which includes 2 COVID-19 tests
    • ", + "

    Find out which list the country you\u2019ve been in is on and what you need to do.

    ", + "

    You must follow these rules even if you have been vaccinated.

    ", + "

    You might be exempt from some or all COVID-19 travel and entry requirements because of your job. Check if your job means you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    Children aged 4 and under do not need to take any COVID-19 travel tests after they arrive in England.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling from a country on the amber list, you may be able to end your quarantine early by booking a third coronavirus test through Test to Release.

    ", + "

    COVID-19 testing and quarantine in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Check the rules and exemptions for quarantine and COVID-19 tests:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re travelling to Scotland
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re travelling to Wales
    • ", + "
  • If you\u2019re travelling to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Complete the passenger locator form

    ", + "

    You need to provide your journey and contact details in the 48 hours before you arrive in the UK. You must do this by completing the online passenger locator form.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show your completed passenger locator form when you check in to travel or board your plane, train or ferry.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to show proof that you\u2019ve completed the form when you arrive at the UK border.

    ", + "

    Provide a negative COVID-19 test to travel to the UK

    ", + "

    You must have proof of a negative COVID-19 test to travel to the UK - even if you\u2019re a UK citizen.

    ", + "

    If your test result is positive you must not travel. You must follow the local COVID-19 rules and guidance.

    ", + "

    The test must be taken in the 3 days before you depart. The results must be in English, French or Spanish.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show the test results when you check in to travel or board your plane, train or ferry. You may also be asked to show them when you arrive.

    ", + "

    You could be fined \u00a3500 when you arrive at the border if you cannot provide proof that you have had a negative COVID-19 test.

    ", + "

    Find out more about providing a COVID-19 test result, including exemptions and acceptable types of test.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to provide a negative COVID-19 test

    ", + "

    You do not need a test if you\u2019re travelling:

    ", + "
  • within the UK, the Isle of Man, Jersey and Guernsey
    • ", + "
  • from Ireland
    • ", + "
  • from Ascension, Falkland Islands, St Helena and Myanmar
    • ", + "

    Children under 11 do not need a test.

    ", + "

    There are other reasons you might not need a test, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a job on the \u2018exempt jobs\u2019 list
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re travelling to the UK for medical reasons
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re travelling from a country where you cannot access testing facilities
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance about:

    ", + "
  • taking a COVID-19 test before you travel to England
    • ", + "
  • taking a COVID-19 test before you travel to Scotland
    • ", + "

    You must still follow the rules for quarantining when you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re from an EEA country or Switzerland

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK with either a passport or national identity card issued by an EEA country or Switzerland that should be valid for the whole of your stay.

    ", + "

    From 1 October 2021, you will not be able to use an EEA or Swiss national identity card to enter the UK unless you:

    ", + "
  • have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • have an EU Settlement Scheme family permit
    • ", + "
  • have a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • are an S2 Healthcare Visitor
    • ", + "
  • are a Swiss Service Provider
    • ", + "

    Check if you need a visa to come to the UK after 1 January 2021.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not from an EEA country

    ", + "

    You must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.

    ", + "

    You may also need a visa, depending on which country you\u2019re from.

    ", + "

    Check if you need a visa to enter the UK.

    ", + "

    You may also need a visa if you\u2019re \u2018transiting\u2019 or travelling through the UK, for example you\u2019re changing flights at a UK airport.

    ", + "

    Applying for a visa

    ", + "

    You must apply for your visa before you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Travelling with children

    ", + "

    You may be asked at the border to prove the relationship between yourself and any children travelling with you, if you do not seem to be the parent, for example if you have a different surname.

    ", + "

    You can prove this with:

    ", + "
  • a birth or adoption certificate showing your relationship with the child
    • ", + "
  • divorce or marriage certificates if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname from the child
    • ", + "
  • a letter from the child\u2019s parent giving permission for the child to travel with you and providing contact details, if you\u2019re not the parent
    • ", + "

    Before you board

    ", + "

    Your \u2018carrier\u2019 (for example airline or transport provider) will check your passport and other travel documents. They\u2019ll send this information electronically to Border Force.

    ", + "

    You can ask to see the information about you that\u2019s been sent by carriers.

    ", + "

    At border control

    ", + "

    You must wear a face covering at the airport, port or station you\u2019re arriving into and follow social distancing rules.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show:

    ", + "
  • your passport or identity card
    • ", + "
  • your proof of a negative coronavirus (COVID-19) test
    • ", + "
  • your passenger locator form
    • ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • have your passport or identity card ready - remove it from a holder or wallet if you use one
    • ", + "
  • remove your face covering or sunglasses, if you\u2019re wearing them
    • ", + "
  • move through passport control together if you\u2019re in a family
    • ", + "

    You will have to wait longer than usual at border control because of COVID-19.

    ", + "

    Showing your passenger locator form

    ", + "

    You need to show proof that you\u2019ve completed a passenger locator form when you arrive at the UK border. The government will use the form to contact you if someone you\u2019ve travelled with develops COVID-19 symptoms.

    ", + "

    When you submit the form you\u2019ll receive a confirmation email with a document attached. At border control you must show either a:

    ", + "
  • printed copy of the document
    • ", + "
  • downloaded copy of document on your phone
    • ", + "

    Border Force officers will scan the QR code at the top of this document to check you have completed the form successfully.

    ", + "

    It is a criminal offence to provide false or deliberately misleading information when filling out your passenger locator form. You could be fined up to \u00a310,000, imprisoned for up to 10 years, or both, if you do not provide accurate details about the countries you have visited in the 10 days before you arrived in the UK.

    ", + "

    You may also need to show proof of a negative coronavirus test at the border. You could be fined up to \u00a3500 if you cannot show proof when asked.

    ", + "

    Arriving by bus or coach

    ", + "

    You have to leave the bus when you arrive at border control.

    ", + "

    Make sure you:

    ", + "
  • are ready to get off the bus when you arrive
    • ", + "
  • have your travel documents ready
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance for school parties and groups coming to the UK by coach.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an EEA country or Switzerland

    ", + "

    You can use the UK/EEA channel to get your passport or identity card checked - this is usually faster than the other channels.

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway.

    ", + "

    You can use automatic ePassport gates at some airports if your passport has a \u2018chip\u2019 on it and you\u2019re 12 or over. If you\u2019re between 12 and 17, you must be accompanied by an adult.

    ", + "

    These gates use facial recognition technology to check your identity against the photo in your passport.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from a non-EEA country

    ", + "

    Your passport (and visa if you have one) will be checked at border control. You\u2019ll usually be asked why you\u2019re coming to the UK.

    ", + "

    You can use the UK/EEA immigration lanes and the automatic ePassport gates if you\u2019re from:

    ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Japan
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Singapore
    • ", + "
  • South Korea
    • ", + "
  • United States
    • ", + "

    When you cannot use an ePassport gate

    ", + "

    You must see a border control officer and get a stamp in your passport if you are entering the UK:

    ", + "
  • with a Tier 5 Creative or Sporting certificate of sponsorship for up to 3 months (and you want to enter without a visa)
    • ", + "
  • on a permitted paid engagement
    • ", + "

    You cannot get a stamp if you use the ePassport gates. Without a stamp you will not be allowed to carry out the activities you came to the UK to do.

    ", + "

    Registered Travellers

    ", + "

    You can use the UK/EEA immigration lanes and the automatic ePassport gates.

    ", + "

    Travelling with a UK biometric residence permit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have a biometric residence permit if your fingerprints were taken when you applied.

    ", + "

    Your fingerprints will be checked at border control - they\u2019ll be checked against the ones stored on your visa document.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused entry

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told in writing:

    ", + "
  • why you\u2019ve been refused entry to the UK
    • ", + "
  • if you can appeal against the decision
    • ", + "
  • when you will be removed from the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to leave the UK immediately.

    ", + "

    You may be allowed into the UK temporarily (usually for up to a week) but your passport will be taken from you and you must report to immigration officers at set times.

    ", + "

    Baggage checks

    ", + "

    You must co-operate if you\u2019re stopped and asked about your baggage.

    ", + "

    If you break the rules your goods and any vehicle you use to transport them may be seized.

    ", + "

    If your baggage is checked

    ", + "

    Your baggage is usually checked in front of you.

    ", + "

    Customs officers keep a record of:

    ", + "
  • all baggage they open and check
    • ", + "
  • any damage to your baggage or belongings during a check
    • ", + "

    If your things are damaged

    ", + "

    You may be offered compensation if your baggage or belongings are damaged during a customs check.

    ", + "

    Making a complaint

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • ask for the duty manager if you want to complain about a customs check while you\u2019re at the border
    • ", + "
  • send your complaint to Border Force if you want to complain later
    • ", + "

    Layovers and transiting through a UK airport

    ", + "

    Passing through a UK airport while on the way to another country is called \u2018transiting\u2019. Some travellers call it a \u2018layover\u2019.

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of transiting:

    ", + "
  • \u2018airside\u2019 - you do not pass through UK border control before you leave on your connecting journey
    • ", + "
  • \u2018landside\u2019 - you do pass through UK border control, but come back through it and leave the UK within a short amount of time (usually 24 hours)
    • ", + "

    Find out if you need a UK visa for your layover.

    ", + "

    Coronavirus (COVID-19) testing and quarantine

    ", + "

    Before you travel you need to:

    ", + "
  • provide your contact details by completing the online passenger locator form
    • ", + "
  • provide proof of a negative COVID-19 test
    • ", + "

    Check the rules for transiting.

    ", + "

    Quarantining when you arrive in the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to England, what you need to do depends on where you have been in the 10 days before you arrive. If you have been in a country or territory on the:

    ", + "
  • green list - you do not need to quarantine but you must take a COVID-19 test on or before day 2
    • ", + "
  • amber list - you must quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying and take 2 COVID-19 tests
    • ", + "
  • red list - you must quarantine in a hotel and take 2 COVID-19 tests
    • ", + "

    You must follow these rules even if you have been vaccinated.

    ", + "

    Find out which list the country you\u2019ve been in is on and what you need to do.

    ", + "

    You may be fined if you do not quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying or in a managed quarantine hotel when you need to. You can be prosecuted if you do not pay on time.

    ", + "

    Some people are exempt from some or all COVID-19 travel and entry requirements because of their jobs. Check if your job means you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    Quarantine rules in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Find out what to do and whether you\u2019re exempt if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • travelling to Scotland
    • ", + "
  • travelling to Wales
    • ", + "
  • travelling to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Ending quarantine early through Test to Release

    ", + "

    You may be able to end quarantine early through the \u2018Test to Release\u2019 scheme if you pay for a private coronavirus (COVID-19) test.

    ", + "

    You must still take the 2 COVID-19 tests you booked before you travelled. Find out more about the tests you must book and take.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the Test to Release scheme if you\u2019ve been in or through a country on the red list in the 10 days before you arrive in England.

    ", + "

    This guidance is for England. Find out what to do if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • travelling to Scotland
    • ", + "
  • travelling to Wales
    • ", + "
  • travelling to Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    When you can take the private COVID-19 test

    ", + "

    The earliest you can take a test is 5 days after you arrive in England. For example, if you arrive on a Monday, you can take a test from the following Saturday.

    ", + "

    When you can stop quarantining

    ", + "

    If the test is negative you can stop quarantining as soon as you get the result.

    ", + "

    If the test is positive you need to quarantine for another 10 days. Count the 10 days starting from the day you took the test, or from when you first had symptoms if that is earlier.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re living or staying with someone in the UK they should also self-isolate for 10 days, starting from the day you took the test.

    ", + "

    If the test is inconclusive you also need to quarantine for another 10 days. You can stop quarantining if you take another test with an eligible private provider and the result is negative.

    ", + "

    You may be fined up to \u00a310,000 if you do not quarantine when you need to. You can be prosecuted if you do not pay the fine on time.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    Before arriving in England, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • book a test with an eligible private provider
    • ", + "
  • say that you\u2019ll be using the Test to Release scheme on the passenger locator form
    • ", + "

    You cannot take a test through NHS Test and Trace to shorten your quarantine period. You must continue to quarantine if the result from an NHS Test and Trace test is negative.

    ", + "

    If you did not book the test before you arrived in England, you can book one after you arrive. You will need to complete another passenger locator form to opt into the scheme.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/customs-seizures": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/customs-seizures", + "title": "Options when customs seizes your things", + "content": "## Overview\n\nCustoms will destroy or sell anything it seizes from you for breaking the rules on bringing or receiving goods from abroad, unless you:\n\n- ask for your things back - you can do this even if you agree customs was right to seize them\n\n- think customs was wrong to seize your things - you\u2019ll have to go to court\n\nThis applies to:\n\n- goods, cars and other vehicles you bring into the UK\n\n- any vehicle you use to transport your things\n\n- packages in the post\n\n## Collecting things from a seized vehicle\n\nYou have 45 days to collect anything you left in your vehicle if it\u2019s been seized. Send a letter marked \u2018personal property\u2019 to the address on the notice or letter you got from customs.\n\n## If your things or cash are seized as criminal evidence\n\nCustoms officers can also seize goods, vehicles and cash you bring into the UK if they suspect a crime. They\u2019ll explain what happens next and what you can do.\n\n## Complain about how you were treated\n\nYou can complain about how customs officers treated you during a customs seizure. Complain to Border Force or HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), depending on who seized your things.\n\nCheck the notice or letter you got from customs if you do not know who seized your things.\n\nContact HMRC if you have questions about customs.\n\n## Ask for your things back\n\nYou can ask for your things back (make a \u2018restoration request\u2019) even if you agree customs was right to take them.\n\nIf you think you should get your things back because you did not break the rules (for example, you brought in alcohol for your own use) you must ask for a court hearing instead of making a restoration request.\n\nIf your request is accepted, you can get your things back but you may have to pay a fee and any duty you owe.\n\nYou may be offered compensation if your things have already been destroyed or sold.\n\n## Making a request\n\nFollow the example letter or write your own.\n\nYou must explain why you think you should get your things back, for example you can now provide missing import or export documents.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- the seizure reference number on the notice you got from customs\n\n- your name and address\n\n- a list of the things you want back - include details, for example quantities and brands\n\n- proof of ownership - for a vehicle, this must be proof of purchase, for example a receipt\n\n- anything else that supports your request to get your things back, for example import documents\n\nNotice 12A gives detailed guidance about making a restoration request and getting compensation.\n\n## Where to send it\n\nSend your request to Border Force if it seized your things.\n\nIf HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) seized your things, send your request to the address on the notice or letter you got from customs.\n\nCheck the notice or letter you got from customs if you do not know who seized your things. Contact HMRC if you need a copy of the notice.\n\n## Deadline\n\nThere\u2019s no deadline for making a restoration request. But your things will usually be destroyed or sold:\n\n- straight away if they\u2019re perishable, for example food, beer or tobacco\n\n- 45 days after they\u2019re seized if they\u2019re not perishable, for example spirits and cars\n\nIf you send a restoration request, non-perishable things are usually kept until your request is considered.\n\n## Getting legal help\n\nYou can appoint someone to deal with your request for you, for example a solicitor. Send an agent authority form with your request.\n\n## If you\u2019re unhappy with the response\n\nYou can ask for the response to your request to be reviewed if:\n\n- you do not get your things back or get compensation\n\n- you disagree with the fee for getting your things back\n\nThe letter telling you the response will also tell you how to ask for a review.\n\n## If you disagree with the review\n\nYou can appeal to the tax tribunal if you disagree with the outcome of the review.\n\n## Ask for a court hearing\n\nSend a \u2018notice of claim\u2019 if you think it was illegal for customs to seize your things, for example you brought in alcohol or tobacco for your personal use.\n\nA seizure is legal if you break the rules on bringing or receiving things from abroad.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to go to court - if you win your claim, you\u2019ll get your things back. If they\u2019ve already been disposed of, you can ask for compensation.\n\nYou may have to pay court costs if you do not win your claim.\n\n## Sending a notice of claim\n\nFollow the example notice of claim or write your own. You\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- the seizure reference number on the notice you got from customs\n\n- your name and address\n\n- a list of the things you think customs was wrong to seize - include details, for example quantities and brands\n\n- proof of ownership if your vehicle was seized\n\n- why you think it was illegal for customs to seize your things\n\nNotice 12A gives detailed guidance about making a claim and what happens in a court hearing.\n\n## If Border Force seized your things\n\nSend your notice of claim to Border Force\u2019s post seizure unit.\n\n## If HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) seized your things\n\nFor excise goods such as alcohol, tobacco and fuel, send your notice of claim to:\n\nFor all other goods send your notice of claim to:\n\nCheck the notice or letter you got from customs if you do not know who seized your things. Contact HMRC if you need a copy of the notice.\n\n## Deadline\n\nYour notice of claim must be received by HMRC or Border Force within a month of your things being seized.\n\nYour things are usually kept until your claim is decided, unless they\u2019re perishable, for example they\u2019re food.\n\n## Get legal help\n\nYou can appoint someone (for example, a solicitor) to deal with your claim and represent you in court.\n\nSend an agent authority form with your notice of claim.\n\n## If you live outside the UK\n\nYou must appoint a UK solicitor to handle your claim and represent you in court.\n\nSend an agent authority form giving the solicitor\u2019s details with your notice of claim.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Customs will destroy or sell anything it seizes from you for breaking the rules on bringing or receiving goods from abroad, unless you:

    ", + "
  • ask for your things back - you can do this even if you agree customs was right to seize them
    • ", + "
  • think customs was wrong to seize your things - you\u2019ll have to go to court
    • ", + "

    This applies to:

    ", + "
  • goods, cars and other vehicles you bring into the UK
    • ", + "
  • any vehicle you use to transport your things
    • ", + "
  • packages in the post
    • ", + "

    Collecting things from a seized vehicle

    ", + "

    You have 45 days to collect anything you left in your vehicle if it\u2019s been seized. Send a letter marked \u2018personal property\u2019 to the address on the notice or letter you got from customs.

    ", + "

    If your things or cash are seized as criminal evidence

    ", + "

    Customs officers can also seize goods, vehicles and cash you bring into the UK if they suspect a crime. They\u2019ll explain what happens next and what you can do.

    ", + "

    Complain about how you were treated

    ", + "

    You can complain about how customs officers treated you during a customs seizure. Complain to Border Force or HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), depending on who seized your things.

    ", + "

    Check the notice or letter you got from customs if you do not know who seized your things.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you have questions about customs.

    ", + "

    Ask for your things back

    ", + "

    You can ask for your things back (make a \u2018restoration request\u2019) even if you agree customs was right to take them.

    ", + "

    If you think you should get your things back because you did not break the rules (for example, you brought in alcohol for your own use) you must ask for a court hearing instead of making a restoration request.

    ", + "

    If your request is accepted, you can get your things back but you may have to pay a fee and any duty you owe.

    ", + "

    You may be offered compensation if your things have already been destroyed or sold.

    ", + "

    Making a request

    ", + "

    Follow the example letter or write your own.

    ", + "

    You must explain why you think you should get your things back, for example you can now provide missing import or export documents.

    ", + "

    You must include:

    ", + "
  • the seizure reference number on the notice you got from customs
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • a list of the things you want back - include details, for example quantities and brands
    • ", + "
  • proof of ownership - for a vehicle, this must be proof of purchase, for example a receipt
    • ", + "
  • anything else that supports your request to get your things back, for example import documents
    • ", + "

    Notice 12A gives detailed guidance about making a restoration request and getting compensation.

    ", + "

    Where to send it

    ", + "

    Send your request to Border Force if it seized your things.

    ", + "

    If HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) seized your things, send your request to the address on the notice or letter you got from customs.

    ", + "

    Check the notice or letter you got from customs if you do not know who seized your things. Contact HMRC if you need a copy of the notice.

    ", + "

    Deadline

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no deadline for making a restoration request. But your things will usually be destroyed or sold:

    ", + "
  • straight away if they\u2019re perishable, for example food, beer or tobacco
    • ", + "
  • 45 days after they\u2019re seized if they\u2019re not perishable, for example spirits and cars
    • ", + "

    If you send a restoration request, non-perishable things are usually kept until your request is considered.

    ", + "

    Getting legal help

    ", + "

    You can appoint someone to deal with your request for you, for example a solicitor. Send an agent authority form with your request.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the response

    ", + "

    You can ask for the response to your request to be reviewed if:

    ", + "
  • you do not get your things back or get compensation
    • ", + "
  • you disagree with the fee for getting your things back
    • ", + "

    The letter telling you the response will also tell you how to ask for a review.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with the review

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the tax tribunal if you disagree with the outcome of the review.

    ", + "

    Ask for a court hearing

    ", + "

    Send a \u2018notice of claim\u2019 if you think it was illegal for customs to seize your things, for example you brought in alcohol or tobacco for your personal use.

    ", + "

    A seizure is legal if you break the rules on bringing or receiving things from abroad.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to go to court - if you win your claim, you\u2019ll get your things back. If they\u2019ve already been disposed of, you can ask for compensation.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay court costs if you do not win your claim.

    ", + "

    Sending a notice of claim

    ", + "

    Follow the example notice of claim or write your own. You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • the seizure reference number on the notice you got from customs
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • a list of the things you think customs was wrong to seize - include details, for example quantities and brands
    • ", + "
  • proof of ownership if your vehicle was seized
    • ", + "
  • why you think it was illegal for customs to seize your things
    • ", + "

    Notice 12A gives detailed guidance about making a claim and what happens in a court hearing.

    ", + "

    If Border Force seized your things

    ", + "

    Send your notice of claim to Border Force\u2019s post seizure unit.

    ", + "

    If HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) seized your things

    ", + "

    For excise goods such as alcohol, tobacco and fuel, send your notice of claim to:

    ", + "

    For all other goods send your notice of claim to:

    ", + "

    Check the notice or letter you got from customs if you do not know who seized your things. Contact HMRC if you need a copy of the notice.

    ", + "

    Deadline

    ", + "

    Your notice of claim must be received by HMRC or Border Force within a month of your things being seized.

    ", + "

    Your things are usually kept until your claim is decided, unless they\u2019re perishable, for example they\u2019re food.

    ", + "

    Get legal help

    ", + "

    You can appoint someone (for example, a solicitor) to deal with your claim and represent you in court.

    ", + "

    Send an agent authority form with your notice of claim.

    ", + "

    If you live outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must appoint a UK solicitor to handle your claim and represent you in court.

    ", + "

    Send an agent authority form giving the solicitor\u2019s details with your notice of claim.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/apply-to-come-to-the-uk": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-to-come-to-the-uk", + "title": "Applying for a visa to come to the UK", + "content": "## Choose a visa\n\nYou may need a visa to come to the UK to study, work, visit or join family.\n\nThere are different visas depending on:\n\n- where you come from\n\n- why you want to come to the UK\n\n- how long you want to stay for\n\n- your personal circumstances and skills\n\nBefore you apply, you must check if you need a visa and what type you need. Depending on your nationality, you might not need a visa to visit or transit through the UK.\n\nYour application must be approved before you travel.\n\nYou do not need a visa if you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and you came to the UK by 31 December 2020. If you started living in the UK by that date you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue to work, live or study in the UK.\n\nYou do not need to apply for a visa if you\u2019re an Irish citizen.\n\n## If you want to visit the UK\n\nApply for a Standard Visitor visa to visit the UK for up to 6 months. For example:\n\n- for a holiday or to see family and friends\n\n- for a business trip or meeting\n\n- to do a short course of study\n\nYou must apply for a Marriage Visitor visa if you want to visit the UK to get married or register a civil partnership.\n\nIf you have a visitor visa you cannot take a job in the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re travelling through the UK\n\nYou might need a visa if you\u2019re travelling through the UK on your way to another country, for example if you have a layover between flights.\n\nApply for a visa to travel through the UK.\n\n## If you want to study in the UK\n\nYour course length, type and place of study affect which visa to apply for.\n\nA Standard Visitor visa lets you do a short course of study that lasts no longer than 6 months.\n\nA Short-term study visa lets you come to the UK to study an English language course that is over 6 months and up to 11 months.\n\nA Student visa is usually for a longer course. You must be sponsored by a licensed college or university and have a confirmed place. You may be able to do some work on this visa.\n\nA Child Student visa is for 4 to 17 year olds who want to study at an independent school. If you\u2019re 16 or over, you can do some work on this visa.\n\n## If you want to work or invest in the UK\n\nYou can work in the UK on a short or long-term basis with a work visa. There are many types of work visa.\n\nThe visa you need depends upon:\n\n- your skills and qualifications\n\n- if you have a job offer and sponsorship\n\n- if you want to bring your family with you\n\n- what you\u2019ll be doing - for example sporting, charitable or religious work\n\nYou can also invest money in the UK with an Investor visa. You can set up a business with a Start-up visa or an Innovator visa.\n\n## If you want to join family in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re a spouse, partner or family member of someone who has British citizenship or settlement in the UK, you can apply for a family visa to join them. They may need to show that they can support you financially.\n\nYou may be able to apply for indefinite leave to remain (ILR) after a set amount of time living in the UK.\n\n## If your family member is in the UK on a visa\n\nYou may be able to apply for a visa to join a family member who\u2019s in the UK on a visa. They must be either:\n\n- your spouse or partner\n\n- your parent if you\u2019re 18 or under\n\nCheck what visa you\u2019ll need to join them.\n\n## If your family member is from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nYou can apply for a free family permit if you have a close family member who was living in the UK by 31 December 2020. A family permit lets you live, work and study in the UK for up to 6 months.\n\nClose family members include your spouse or civil partner, child, grandchild, parent or grandparent.\n\nYou can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme after your family permit expires.\n\n## Family reunion visas for refugees\n\nIf you were separated from your partner or child when you were forced to leave your country, they can apply to join you in the UK.\n\nYour family members can apply if you have been given asylum or 5 years\u2019 humanitarian protection, and not have British citizenship.\n\n## Other ways to get permission to live in the UK\n\n## Commonwealth citizens\n\nYou can apply for an Ancestry visa to work in the UK if you have a British grandparent and meet other eligibility criteria.\n\nYou may have right of abode to live in the UK.\n\nIf you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen and cannot prove your right to be in the UK, read about the Windrush scheme.\n\n## Returning residents\n\nIf you had indefinite leave to remain (ILR) and left the UK for more than 2 years you\u2019ll need to apply for a Returning Resident visa to come back.\n\n## Other visas\n\nThere may be another visa that\u2019s right for you based on your circumstances. Check if you need a visa and what other visas you\u2019re eligible for.\n\n## Prepare your application\n\nYou can apply and pay for most visas online.\n\nIf you have dependants who want to come to the UK with you, each person will need to apply and pay separately.\n\n## When to apply\n\nThe earliest you can apply is usually:\n\n- 3 months before your planned travel date for visit visas\n\n- 3 months before your employment start date for most work visas\n\n- 6 months before your course start date for Student and Child Student visas\n\nGet an estimate of how long it\u2019ll take to process your application.\n\nSettlement applications take up to 6 months and must be approved before you come to the UK. If you\u2019re given permission to settle in the UK, you must travel before your permission ends.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere is a fee for each visa. The fee depends on which visa you apply for.\n\nYou can choose to pay more to get a faster decision for some visas.\n\nThe fees are the same for each family member who applies to come to the UK with you.\n\n## Pay for healthcare\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application, if you\u2019re:\n\n- applying for a visa to work, study or join your family\n\n- applying to stay for more than 6 months\n\n- not applying to live permanently in the UK\n\n## Applying for someone else\n\nYou can apply for a visa for someone else. For example, a relative overseas who does not have access to a computer or your child, if they cannot apply for themselves.\n\nYou must get permission from the person you\u2019re applying for, or written permission from their parent or guardian if the applicant is under 18.\n\nEnter the applicant\u2019s details into the form, not your own.\n\n## Proving you do not have tuberculosis (TB)\n\nIf you\u2019re coming to the UK for more than 6 months you might need to have a TB test.\n\nCheck if you\u2019ll need a TB test.\n\nIf you do, you must provide a certificate showing you do not have TB with your visa application.\n\n## Change or cancel your application\n\nIf you want to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## Prove your identity\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide documents to show your eligibility.\n\nHow you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- go to an appointment at a visa application centre\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 smartphone app\n\nYou\u2019ll find out if you need to go to an appointment or use the smartphone app when you start your application.\n\n## If you need to go to an appointment at a visa application centre\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a visa application centre to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photograph).\n\nAt the appointment, you\u2019ll need to submit documents that show your eligibility. The document checklist in your application will explain what to provide.\n\nSome visa application centres may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application.\n\nYou may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country).\n\n## If you applied for someone else\n\nThe applicant will need to attend the appointment at the visa application centre to provide their biometric information and documents.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to sign a copy of their application form, to confirm that the information is correct.\n\n## If you need to use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 smartphone app\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document and submit a digital photo of your face.\n\nYou will need to scan and upload documents that show your eligibility as part of your online application. The document checklist in your application will explain what to provide.\n\n## If you applied for someone else\n\nThe applicant will need to prove their identity using the app.\n\n## Getting a decision on your application\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email with the result of your application. It will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## If your application is successful\n\nYou\u2019ll be given either:\n\n- a sticker (called a vignette) that goes in your passport - if you gave your biometric information at a visa application centre\n\n- access to view your immigration status information online - if you used the smartphone app to prove your identity\n\nThe vignette or online immigration status information will show:\n\n- what you\u2019ve been granted (for example, a Student visa)\n\n- the dates your visa is valid (start date and end date)\n\n- the conditions of your visa\n\n## Your visa conditions\n\nThe conditions say what you can and cannot do in the UK. For example, they might say:\n\n- \u2018No access to public funds\u2019 - you cannot claim benefits\n\n- \u2018No work\u2019 - you cannot take paid or unpaid work in the UK\n\n- \u2018Restricted work\u2019 - you can only work for your sponsor\n\nYou\u2019ll also be told if you need to register your personal details with the UK police.\n\n## Getting your vignette\n\nIf the visa application centre kept your passport, they\u2019ll either:\n\n- send it to you with the vignette inside - if you paid for this service when you applied\n\n- ask you to collect the passport and vignette\n\nIf you kept your passport, you\u2019ll need to take it to the visa application centre to collect your vignette.\n\nIf you\u2019re a national of Kuwait, Oman, Qatar or the United Arab Emirates and you applied for an electronic visa waiver this permission is sent to you electronically (you do not receive a vignette).\n\n## If there\u2019s an error in your vignette\n\nIf you notice an error in your vignette, you should contact your visa application centre immediately to correct it before you come to the UK.\n\nIf you notice the error after you\u2019ve arrived in the UK, you must report it to UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) within 3 months of arriving or you\u2019ll need to make a new application.\n\n## Getting a biometric residence permit\n\nIf you get a vignette and you\u2019re coming to the UK for more than 6 months then you have to collect a biometric residence permit (BRP) after you arrive.\n\nYou must do this before the vignette sticker expires or within 10 days of arriving in the UK, whichever is later.\n\nYou choose where to collect your BRP from during your application.\n\nWhen you get your BRP, check the details are correct. If your name is long it may appear \u2018cut off\u2019. This is not a mistake - it is because there is limited space on the BRP card. However, if there\u2019s a spelling mistake, you must report it.\n\nYou need to report any errors in your BRP within 10 days of collecting it.\n\n## If you get access to your immigration status information online\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to view your immigration status information online. You can also use the online service to share your immigration status information with others, for example employers or universities.\n\nSome government organisations and public authorities will be able to access your immigration status information, for example when you travel through the UK border.\n\nYou will not get a vignette or a BRP.\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email explaining why your application was refused.\n\nYour passport will be returned, if it was kept as part of your application.\n\nYour refusal letter will explain if you have the right to either an:\n\n- administrative review\n\n- immigration decision appeal", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Choose a visa

    ", + "

    You may need a visa to come to the UK to study, work, visit or join family.

    ", + "

    There are different visas depending on:

    ", + "
  • where you come from
    • ", + "
  • why you want to come to the UK
    • ", + "
  • how long you want to stay for
    • ", + "
  • your personal circumstances and skills
    • ", + "

    Before you apply, you must check if you need a visa and what type you need. Depending on your nationality, you might not need a visa to visit or transit through the UK.

    ", + "

    Your application must be approved before you travel.

    ", + "

    You do not need a visa if you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and you came to the UK by 31 December 2020. If you started living in the UK by that date you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue to work, live or study in the UK.

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply for a visa if you\u2019re an Irish citizen.

    ", + "

    If you want to visit the UK

    ", + "

    Apply for a Standard Visitor visa to visit the UK for up to 6 months. For example:

    ", + "
  • for a holiday or to see family and friends
    • ", + "
  • for a business trip or meeting
    • ", + "
  • to do a short course of study
    • ", + "

    You must apply for a Marriage Visitor visa if you want to visit the UK to get married or register a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    If you have a visitor visa you cannot take a job in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling through the UK

    ", + "

    You might need a visa if you\u2019re travelling through the UK on your way to another country, for example if you have a layover between flights.

    ", + "

    Apply for a visa to travel through the UK.

    ", + "

    If you want to study in the UK

    ", + "

    Your course length, type and place of study affect which visa to apply for.

    ", + "

    A Standard Visitor visa lets you do a short course of study that lasts no longer than 6 months.

    ", + "

    A Short-term study visa lets you come to the UK to study an English language course that is over 6 months and up to 11 months.

    ", + "

    A Student visa is usually for a longer course. You must be sponsored by a licensed college or university and have a confirmed place. You may be able to do some work on this visa.

    ", + "

    A Child Student visa is for 4 to 17 year olds who want to study at an independent school. If you\u2019re 16 or over, you can do some work on this visa.

    ", + "

    If you want to work or invest in the UK

    ", + "

    You can work in the UK on a short or long-term basis with a work visa. There are many types of work visa.

    ", + "

    The visa you need depends upon:

    ", + "
  • your skills and qualifications
    • ", + "
  • if you have a job offer and sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • if you want to bring your family with you
    • ", + "
  • what you\u2019ll be doing - for example sporting, charitable or religious work
    • ", + "

    You can also invest money in the UK with an Investor visa. You can set up a business with a Start-up visa or an Innovator visa.

    ", + "

    If you want to join family in the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a spouse, partner or family member of someone who has British citizenship or settlement in the UK, you can apply for a family visa to join them. They may need to show that they can support you financially.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for indefinite leave to remain (ILR) after a set amount of time living in the UK.

    ", + "

    If your family member is in the UK on a visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a visa to join a family member who\u2019s in the UK on a visa. They must be either:

    ", + "
  • your spouse or partner
    • ", + "
  • your parent if you\u2019re 18 or under
    • ", + "

    Check what visa you\u2019ll need to join them.

    ", + "

    If your family member is from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    You can apply for a free family permit if you have a close family member who was living in the UK by 31 December 2020. A family permit lets you live, work and study in the UK for up to 6 months.

    ", + "

    Close family members include your spouse or civil partner, child, grandchild, parent or grandparent.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme after your family permit expires.

    ", + "

    Family reunion visas for refugees

    ", + "

    If you were separated from your partner or child when you were forced to leave your country, they can apply to join you in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your family members can apply if you have been given asylum or 5 years\u2019 humanitarian protection, and not have British citizenship.

    ", + "

    Other ways to get permission to live in the UK

    ", + "

    Commonwealth citizens

    ", + "

    You can apply for an Ancestry visa to work in the UK if you have a British grandparent and meet other eligibility criteria.

    ", + "

    You may have right of abode to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen and cannot prove your right to be in the UK, read about the Windrush scheme.

    ", + "

    Returning residents

    ", + "

    If you had indefinite leave to remain (ILR) and left the UK for more than 2 years you\u2019ll need to apply for a Returning Resident visa to come back.

    ", + "

    Other visas

    ", + "

    There may be another visa that\u2019s right for you based on your circumstances. Check if you need a visa and what other visas you\u2019re eligible for.

    ", + "

    Prepare your application

    ", + "

    You can apply and pay for most visas online.

    ", + "

    If you have dependants who want to come to the UK with you, each person will need to apply and pay separately.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is usually:

    ", + "
  • 3 months before your planned travel date for visit visas
    • ", + "
  • 3 months before your employment start date for most work visas
    • ", + "
  • 6 months before your course start date for Student and Child Student visas
    • ", + "

    Get an estimate of how long it\u2019ll take to process your application.

    ", + "

    Settlement applications take up to 6 months and must be approved before you come to the UK. If you\u2019re given permission to settle in the UK, you must travel before your permission ends.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There is a fee for each visa. The fee depends on which visa you apply for.

    ", + "

    You can choose to pay more to get a faster decision for some visas.

    ", + "

    The fees are the same for each family member who applies to come to the UK with you.

    ", + "

    Pay for healthcare

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application, if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • applying for a visa to work, study or join your family
    • ", + "
  • applying to stay for more than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • not applying to live permanently in the UK
    • ", + "

    Applying for someone else

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa for someone else. For example, a relative overseas who does not have access to a computer or your child, if they cannot apply for themselves.

    ", + "

    You must get permission from the person you\u2019re applying for, or written permission from their parent or guardian if the applicant is under 18.

    ", + "

    Enter the applicant\u2019s details into the form, not your own.

    ", + "

    Proving you do not have tuberculosis (TB)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re coming to the UK for more than 6 months you might need to have a TB test.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019ll need a TB test.

    ", + "

    If you do, you must provide a certificate showing you do not have TB with your visa application.

    ", + "

    Change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you want to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    Prove your identity

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide documents to show your eligibility.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • go to an appointment at a visa application centre
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 smartphone app
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll find out if you need to go to an appointment or use the smartphone app when you start your application.

    ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment at a visa application centre

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a visa application centre to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photograph).

    ", + "

    At the appointment, you\u2019ll need to submit documents that show your eligibility. The document checklist in your application will explain what to provide.

    ", + "

    Some visa application centres may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application.

    ", + "

    You may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    If you applied for someone else

    ", + "

    The applicant will need to attend the appointment at the visa application centre to provide their biometric information and documents.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to sign a copy of their application form, to confirm that the information is correct.

    ", + "

    If you need to use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 smartphone app

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document and submit a digital photo of your face.

    ", + "

    You will need to scan and upload documents that show your eligibility as part of your online application. The document checklist in your application will explain what to provide.

    ", + "

    If you applied for someone else

    ", + "

    The applicant will need to prove their identity using the app.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision on your application

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or an email with the result of your application. It will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given either:

    ", + "
  • a sticker (called a vignette) that goes in your passport - if you gave your biometric information at a visa application centre
    • ", + "
  • access to view your immigration status information online - if you used the smartphone app to prove your identity
    • ", + "

    The vignette or online immigration status information will show:

    ", + "
  • what you\u2019ve been granted (for example, a Student visa)
    • ", + "
  • the dates your visa is valid (start date and end date)
    • ", + "
  • the conditions of your visa
    • ", + "

    Your visa conditions

    ", + "

    The conditions say what you can and cannot do in the UK. For example, they might say:

    ", + "
  • \u2018No access to public funds\u2019 - you cannot claim benefits
    • ", + "
  • \u2018No work\u2019 - you cannot take paid or unpaid work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • \u2018Restricted work\u2019 - you can only work for your sponsor
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be told if you need to register your personal details with the UK police.

    ", + "

    Getting your vignette

    ", + "

    If the visa application centre kept your passport, they\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • send it to you with the vignette inside - if you paid for this service when you applied
    • ", + "
  • ask you to collect the passport and vignette
    • ", + "

    If you kept your passport, you\u2019ll need to take it to the visa application centre to collect your vignette.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a national of Kuwait, Oman, Qatar or the United Arab Emirates and you applied for an electronic visa waiver this permission is sent to you electronically (you do not receive a vignette).

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s an error in your vignette

    ", + "

    If you notice an error in your vignette, you should contact your visa application centre immediately to correct it before you come to the UK.

    ", + "

    If you notice the error after you\u2019ve arrived in the UK, you must report it to UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) within 3 months of arriving or you\u2019ll need to make a new application.

    ", + "

    Getting a biometric residence permit

    ", + "

    If you get a vignette and you\u2019re coming to the UK for more than 6 months then you have to collect a biometric residence permit (BRP) after you arrive.

    ", + "

    You must do this before the vignette sticker expires or within 10 days of arriving in the UK, whichever is later.

    ", + "

    You choose where to collect your BRP from during your application.

    ", + "

    When you get your BRP, check the details are correct. If your name is long it may appear \u2018cut off\u2019. This is not a mistake - it is because there is limited space on the BRP card. However, if there\u2019s a spelling mistake, you must report it.

    ", + "

    You need to report any errors in your BRP within 10 days of collecting it.

    ", + "

    If you get access to your immigration status information online

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to view your immigration status information online. You can also use the online service to share your immigration status information with others, for example employers or universities.

    ", + "

    Some government organisations and public authorities will be able to access your immigration status information, for example when you travel through the UK border.

    ", + "

    You will not get a vignette or a BRP.

    ", + "

    If your application is refused

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or an email explaining why your application was refused.

    ", + "

    Your passport will be returned, if it was kept as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Your refusal letter will explain if you have the right to either an:

    ", + "
  • administrative review
    • ", + "
  • immigration decision appeal
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-immigration-application": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-immigration-application", + "title": "Pay for UK healthcare as part of your immigration application", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou might need to pay a healthcare surcharge (called the \u2018immigration health surcharge\u2019 or IHS) as part of your immigration application.\n\nWhether you need to pay depends on the immigration status you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nIf you\u2019re making your immigration application online, you pay the surcharge as part of your application or when you book an appointment.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying by post, you pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include the IHS reference number on your application form.\n\n## When you can start to use the NHS\n\nYou can start using the National Health Service (NHS) when both:\n\n- you\u2019ve paid the healthcare surcharge (or are exempt from paying it)\n\n- your visa or immigration application is granted\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to pay for certain types of services, such as prescriptions, dental treatment, eye tests and assisted conception.\n\nWhen you access healthcare in the UK, you may need to:\n\n- provide your biometric residence permit, if you have one\n\n- prove your status online using a share code, if you have a digital immigration status\n\n## Who needs to pay\n\nYou usually need to pay the healthcare surcharge if you\u2019re applying for a visa or immigration application:\n\n- for more than 6 months, if you\u2019re applying outside the UK\n\n- for any length of time, if you\u2019re applying inside the UK\n\nYou do not need to pay if you\u2019re applying for a visitor visa or to remain in the UK permanently.\n\nYou still need to pay even if you have private medical insurance.\n\n## Who only needs an IHS reference number\n\nYou still need to use the payment service to get an immigration health surcharge (IHS) reference number but you will not need to pay if:\n\n- you\u2019re a child under 18 who has been taken into care by a local authority\n\n- you\u2019re a relevant civilian employee at NATO or the Australian Department of Defence in the UK (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\nThe service will tell you that you do not have to pay anything and will give you your healthcare surcharge reference number for your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the National Health Service (NHS) even if you\u2019re exempt from paying.\n\n## Who does not need to pay or get an IHS reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the NHS without paying the surcharge or getting a reference number if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to enter or remain\n\n- you\u2019re a health and care worker who is eligible for a Health and Care Worker visa (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re applying to the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- you\u2019re a diplomat or a member of a visiting armed forces and not subject to immigration control\n\n- you\u2019re a dependant of a member of the UK\u2019s armed forces\n\n- you\u2019re the dependant of a member of another country\u2019s armed forces who is exempt from immigration control\n\n- you\u2019re applying for a visa for the Isle of Man or Channel Islands\n\n- you\u2019re a British Overseas Territory citizen resident in the Falkland Islands\n\n- you\u2019re an asylum seeker or applying for humanitarian protection (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re a domestic worker who has been identified as a victim of slavery or human trafficking\n\n- you\u2019re applying for discretionary leave to remain in the UK as someone who has been identified as a victim of slavery or human trafficking (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- the Home Office\u2019s domestic violence concession applies to you (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- being made to leave the UK would be against your rights under Article 3 of the European Convention of Human Rights (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re an S2 Healthcare Visitor\n\n- you\u2019re eligible for a Frontier Worker permit and have an S1 certificate\n\nYou need to pay the healthcare surcharge if you apply for indefinite leave to remain but are only given limited leave. You\u2019ll need to pay before you\u2019re given the leave.\n\n## Visitor visas and short-term visas\n\nYou do not need to pay the surcharge or get an IHS reference number if you\u2019re applying for a:\n\n- visitor visa\n\n- visa for 6 months or less from outside the UK\n\nYou will need to pay for any NHS care you get at the point you use it - unless it\u2019s a service that\u2019s free.\n\n## How much you have to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay:\n\n- \u00a3470 per year for a student or Youth Mobility Scheme visa, for example \u00a3940 for a 2-year visa\n\n- \u00a3470 per year for visa and immigration applicants who are under the age of 18 at time of application\n\n- \u00a3624 per year for all other visa and immigration applications, for example \u00a33,120 for a 5-year visa\n\nDependants aged 18 or over usually need to pay the same amount as you.\n\nThe exact amount you have to pay depends on how much leave you\u2019re granted. Calculate how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay half of the yearly amount if your application includes part of a year that is less than 6 months.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay for a whole year if your application includes part of a year that is more than 6 months.\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically get a partial refund if you paid the healthcare surcharge for more years than you were granted leave.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nIf you apply for a visa online, you pay the surcharge as part of the application.\n\nIf you apply for a visa by post, you must pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include your IHS reference number on the application form.\n\n## If you do not pay\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email from UK Visas and Immigration if you do not pay the surcharge (or do not pay enough) as part of your visa or immigration application.\n\nCheck your junk folder if you cannot see the email in your inbox.\n\nOnce you get the email, you must pay the surcharge within:\n\n- 10 working days if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\n- 7 working days if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYour visa or immigration application will be turned down if you do not pay the full amount in this time.\n\n## Pay the healthcare surcharge\n\nIf you\u2019re making an immigration application online you pay the healthcare surcharge as part of the application process. You must complete the payment and return to the online immigration application in less than 30 minutes.\n\nIf you\u2019re making an immigration application by post you must pay the healthcare surcharge before you complete your application.\n\nYou must pay the healthcare surcharge by debit or credit card.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying online, you\u2019ll be asked for:\n\n- the start and end dates on your certificate of sponsorship, if you have one\n\n- your course dates, if you\u2019re applying as a student\n\nIf you\u2019re applying by post, you\u2019ll also be asked for:\n\n- the type of visa you\u2019re applying for\n\n- your passport or travel document number\n\n- an email address\n\nPay now\n\nYou need to pay by cash at the UK embassy if you\u2019re in the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea.\n\n## Family members\n\nYou\u2019ll need the same information that you used to pay for:\n\n- any person applying for a visa or other immigration application with you, for example a dependant\n\n- any person you\u2019re applying to join or remain who is already in the UK (you do not need to add this person\u2019s details if they are a UK or EEA citizen)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need their leave expiry date if you\u2019re joining someone in the UK (or IHS reference number if they have one).\n\n## Finish your visa or immigration application\n\n- You\u2019ll be sent an email with an IHS reference number. This will also be shown on screen when you\u2019ve paid. You can only use this number once - you\u2019ll need to get another one if you reapply.\n\n- You\u2019ll need to write this on the cover of your visa application if you\u2019re applying by post. You need this reference even if you\u2019re exempt from paying the healthcare surcharge.\n\n- Finish your application form and pay your visa or immigration application fee.\n\n## Refunds\n\nYou\u2019ll get a full immigration health surcharge (IHS) refund if:\n\n- you paid twice\n\n- your visa application is refused\n\n- you withdraw your visa application\n\nYou\u2019ll get a partial IHS refund if your visa application\u2019s successful but:\n\n- you get less time on your visa than you asked for\n\n- any dependants on your visa application are refused\n\nIf you are due a full or partial refund for these reasons, you do not have to do anything to get it. It will be automatically paid to the account or card you paid with.\n\nYou will not get a refund if:\n\n- your visa application is successful but you do not come to the UK\n\n- you leave the UK before your visa ends, for example to make a new application\n\n- you\u2019re told to leave the UK before your visa expires\n\n- you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\n## If your healthcare is paid for by an EU country\n\nYou may get a full or partial IHS refund if you have an S1 certificate registered with the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\nYou can also apply for a full or partial IHS refund if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re a full-time student in UK higher education\n\n- your visa started on or after 1 January 2021\n\n- you have a European Healthcare Insurance Card (EHIC) issued in an EU country\n\n- you do not work\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming as a full-time student with an EHIC, you can apply for a refund of the IHS you paid to cover any period starting on or after 1 January 2021. Applications open from 1 January 2022.\n\nThe amount you\u2019re refunded will depend on the date your S1 certificate or EHIC runs out.\n\nFind out more about applying for a refund.\n\n## If you work in health and care\n\nYou and your dependants may be able to get a refund of the IHS if you work in health and care.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for a refund as a health or care worker.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou usually get your refund within 6 weeks of getting a decision on your visa application. It can take longer if you appeal or ask for an administrative review after your visa application is refused.\n\n## If you appeal or ask for an administrative review\n\nIf you applied from:\n\n- inside the UK - you\u2019ll get your refund up to 6 weeks after your appeal or administrative review is dismissed\n\n- outside the UK - you\u2019ll get your refund up to 6 weeks after your visa application is refused\n\nYou\u2019ll have to repay the IHS if your appeal or administrative review is successful and you\u2019ve already got your IHS refund.\n\nYou might have to repay a different amount if:\n\n- the length of your stay changes\n\n- you get less time on your visa than you asked for\n\nContact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if your refund is not paid within 6 weeks.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might need to pay a healthcare surcharge (called the \u2018immigration health surcharge\u2019 or IHS) as part of your immigration application.

    ", + "

    Whether you need to pay depends on the immigration status you\u2019re applying for.

    ", + "

    When you must pay

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making your immigration application online, you pay the surcharge as part of your application or when you book an appointment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying by post, you pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include the IHS reference number on your application form.

    ", + "

    When you can start to use the NHS

    ", + "

    You can start using the National Health Service (NHS) when both:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve paid the healthcare surcharge (or are exempt from paying it)
    • ", + "
  • your visa or immigration application is granted
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to pay for certain types of services, such as prescriptions, dental treatment, eye tests and assisted conception.

    ", + "

    When you access healthcare in the UK, you may need to:

    ", + "
  • provide your biometric residence permit, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • prove your status online using a share code, if you have a digital immigration status
    • ", + "

    Who needs to pay

    ", + "

    You usually need to pay the healthcare surcharge if you\u2019re applying for a visa or immigration application:

    ", + "
  • for more than 6 months, if you\u2019re applying outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • for any length of time, if you\u2019re applying inside the UK
    • ", + "

    You do not need to pay if you\u2019re applying for a visitor visa or to remain in the UK permanently.

    ", + "

    You still need to pay even if you have private medical insurance.

    ", + "

    Who only needs an IHS reference number

    ", + "

    You still need to use the payment service to get an immigration health surcharge (IHS) reference number but you will not need to pay if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a child under 18 who has been taken into care by a local authority
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a relevant civilian employee at NATO or the Australian Department of Defence in the UK (or you\u2019re their dependant)
    • ", + "

    The service will tell you that you do not have to pay anything and will give you your healthcare surcharge reference number for your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to use the National Health Service (NHS) even if you\u2019re exempt from paying.

    ", + "

    Who does not need to pay or get an IHS reference number

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to use the NHS without paying the surcharge or getting a reference number if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to enter or remain
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a health and care worker who is eligible for a Health and Care Worker visa (or you\u2019re their dependant)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying to the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a diplomat or a member of a visiting armed forces and not subject to immigration control
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a dependant of a member of the UK\u2019s armed forces
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the dependant of a member of another country\u2019s armed forces who is exempt from immigration control
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying for a visa for the Isle of Man or Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a British Overseas Territory citizen resident in the Falkland Islands
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an asylum seeker or applying for humanitarian protection (or you\u2019re their dependant)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a domestic worker who has been identified as a victim of slavery or human trafficking
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying for discretionary leave to remain in the UK as someone who has been identified as a victim of slavery or human trafficking (or you\u2019re their dependant)
    • ", + "
  • the Home Office\u2019s domestic violence concession applies to you (or you\u2019re their dependant)
    • ", + "
  • being made to leave the UK would be against your rights under Article 3 of the European Convention of Human Rights (or you\u2019re their dependant)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an S2 Healthcare Visitor
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re eligible for a Frontier Worker permit and have an S1 certificate
    • ", + "

    You need to pay the healthcare surcharge if you apply for indefinite leave to remain but are only given limited leave. You\u2019ll need to pay before you\u2019re given the leave.

    ", + "

    Visitor visas and short-term visas

    ", + "

    You do not need to pay the surcharge or get an IHS reference number if you\u2019re applying for a:

    ", + "
  • visitor visa
    • ", + "
  • visa for 6 months or less from outside the UK
    • ", + "

    You will need to pay for any NHS care you get at the point you use it - unless it\u2019s a service that\u2019s free.

    ", + "

    How much you have to pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3470 per year for a student or Youth Mobility Scheme visa, for example \u00a3940 for a 2-year visa
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3470 per year for visa and immigration applicants who are under the age of 18 at time of application
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3624 per year for all other visa and immigration applications, for example \u00a33,120 for a 5-year visa
    • ", + "

    Dependants aged 18 or over usually need to pay the same amount as you.

    ", + "

    The exact amount you have to pay depends on how much leave you\u2019re granted. Calculate how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay half of the yearly amount if your application includes part of a year that is less than 6 months.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay for a whole year if your application includes part of a year that is more than 6 months.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically get a partial refund if you paid the healthcare surcharge for more years than you were granted leave.

    ", + "

    When you must pay

    ", + "

    If you apply for a visa online, you pay the surcharge as part of the application.

    ", + "

    If you apply for a visa by post, you must pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include your IHS reference number on the application form.

    ", + "

    If you do not pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email from UK Visas and Immigration if you do not pay the surcharge (or do not pay enough) as part of your visa or immigration application.

    ", + "

    Check your junk folder if you cannot see the email in your inbox.

    ", + "

    Once you get the email, you must pay the surcharge within:

    ", + "
  • 10 working days if you\u2019re inside the UK
    • ", + "
  • 7 working days if you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Your visa or immigration application will be turned down if you do not pay the full amount in this time.

    ", + "

    Pay the healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making an immigration application online you pay the healthcare surcharge as part of the application process. You must complete the payment and return to the online immigration application in less than 30 minutes.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re making an immigration application by post you must pay the healthcare surcharge before you complete your application.

    ", + "

    You must pay the healthcare surcharge by debit or credit card.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying online, you\u2019ll be asked for:

    ", + "
  • the start and end dates on your certificate of sponsorship, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • your course dates, if you\u2019re applying as a student
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying by post, you\u2019ll also be asked for:

    ", + "
  • the type of visa you\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "
  • your passport or travel document number
    • ", + "
  • an email address
    • ", + "

    Pay now

    ", + "

    You need to pay by cash at the UK embassy if you\u2019re in the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea.

    ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the same information that you used to pay for:

    ", + "
  • any person applying for a visa or other immigration application with you, for example a dependant
    • ", + "
  • any person you\u2019re applying to join or remain who is already in the UK (you do not need to add this person\u2019s details if they are a UK or EEA citizen)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need their leave expiry date if you\u2019re joining someone in the UK (or IHS reference number if they have one).

    ", + "

    Finish your visa or immigration application

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll be sent an email with an IHS reference number. This will also be shown on screen when you\u2019ve paid. You can only use this number once - you\u2019ll need to get another one if you reapply.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll need to write this on the cover of your visa application if you\u2019re applying by post. You need this reference even if you\u2019re exempt from paying the healthcare surcharge.
    • ", + "
  • Finish your application form and pay your visa or immigration application fee.
    • ", + "

    Refunds

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a full immigration health surcharge (IHS) refund if:

    ", + "
  • you paid twice
    • ", + "
  • your visa application is refused
    • ", + "
  • you withdraw your visa application
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a partial IHS refund if your visa application\u2019s successful but:

    ", + "
  • you get less time on your visa than you asked for
    • ", + "
  • any dependants on your visa application are refused
    • ", + "

    If you are due a full or partial refund for these reasons, you do not have to do anything to get it. It will be automatically paid to the account or card you paid with.

    ", + "

    You will not get a refund if:

    ", + "
  • your visa application is successful but you do not come to the UK
    • ", + "
  • you leave the UK before your visa ends, for example to make a new application
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re told to leave the UK before your visa expires
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to remain
    • ", + "

    If your healthcare is paid for by an EU country

    ", + "

    You may get a full or partial IHS refund if you have an S1 certificate registered with the NHS Business Services Authority.

    ", + "

    You can also apply for a full or partial IHS refund if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a full-time student in UK higher education
    • ", + "
  • your visa started on or after 1 January 2021
    • ", + "
  • you have a European Healthcare Insurance Card (EHIC) issued in an EU country
    • ", + "
  • you do not work
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re claiming as a full-time student with an EHIC, you can apply for a refund of the IHS you paid to cover any period starting on or after 1 January 2021. Applications open from 1 January 2022.

    ", + "

    The amount you\u2019re refunded will depend on the date your S1 certificate or EHIC runs out.

    ", + "

    Find out more about applying for a refund.

    ", + "

    If you work in health and care

    ", + "

    You and your dependants may be able to get a refund of the IHS if you work in health and care.

    ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible for a refund as a health or care worker.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You usually get your refund within 6 weeks of getting a decision on your visa application. It can take longer if you appeal or ask for an administrative review after your visa application is refused.

    ", + "

    If you appeal or ask for an administrative review

    ", + "

    If you applied from:

    ", + "
  • inside the UK - you\u2019ll get your refund up to 6 weeks after your appeal or administrative review is dismissed
    • ", + "
  • outside the UK - you\u2019ll get your refund up to 6 weeks after your visa application is refused
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to repay the IHS if your appeal or administrative review is successful and you\u2019ve already got your IHS refund.

    ", + "

    You might have to repay a different amount if:

    ", + "
  • the length of your stay changes
    • ", + "
  • you get less time on your visa than you asked for
    • ", + "

    Contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if your refund is not paid within 6 weeks.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/faster-decision-visa-settlement": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/faster-decision-visa-settlement", + "title": "Get a faster decision on your visa or settlement application", + "content": "## Applying from inside the UK\n\nYou may be able to pay for a faster decision on a visa or settlement (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) application if you\u2019re applying from inside the UK.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you can currently only pay for a faster decision on certain visas.\n\n## To get a decision within 5 working days\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible you can choose the \u2018priority service\u2019 when you apply. It costs \u00a3500 in addition to the application fee.\n\nA decision will be made within 5 working days of your UK Visa and Citizen Application Services (UKVCAS) appointment.\n\n## To get a decision by the end of the next working day\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible you can choose the \u2018super priority service\u2019 when you apply. It costs \u00a3800 in addition to the application fee.\n\nA decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your appointment, if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your appointment, if your appointment is at the weekend or on a bank holiday\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email followed by a decision letter (either in the post or by email).\n\nIf your application is approved, the email will let you know the outcome. If your application is refused, the outcome will not be mentioned in the email.\n\n## When you might wait longer for a decision\n\nYou might wait longer for a decision if you need to provide more information. You\u2019ll be told how and when to provide it.\n\n## When you\u2019ll get your biometric residence permit\n\nYou\u2019ll usually receive your biometric residence permit (BRP) within 7 to 10 days of your decision. If it does not arrive, you can report your missing BRP online.\n\nYour BRP will be sent to the address you gave in your application. You need to update your address before your application is approved if you want it sent elsewhere.\n\n## Eligible visas when applying from inside the UK\n\nYou can apply for a faster decision on certain visa applications or applications to settle in the UK.\n\nThese tables list the eligible applications and whether you can pay to get a faster decision:\n\n- within 5 working days\n\n- by the end of the next working day\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) there\u2019s a limit on how many people can apply for a faster decision. If you are not offered the option to apply for a faster decision, you can still complete a standard application.\n\n## Eligible visa applications\n\n| | Decision available within 5 working days | Decision available by the end of the next working day |\n\n| Child student visa | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Global Talent visa | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Health and Care Worker visa | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Innovator visa | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Intra-company visas | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Investor visa (Tier 1) | Yes | No |\n\n| Minister of Religion visa (T2) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Skilled Worker visa | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sportsperson visa (T2) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Start-up visa | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Student visa | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Temporary Worker \u2013 International Agreement Worker visa (T5) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Temporary Worker - Seasonal Worker visa (T5) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Applying as the dependent child or partner on a work, student, global talent, start up or innovator visa | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Applying as the dependent child or partner on an investor visa | Yes | No |\n\n| Applying on the basis of family life as a partner, parent or dependent child or on the basis of private life in the UK (through form FLR(FP) or form FLR(M)) | No | Yes |\n\n| Applying for human rights claims, leave outside the rules and other routes through form FLR(HRO) | No | Yes |\n\n| Applying for other routes through form FLR(IR) | No | Yes |\n\n## Eligible applications to settle in the UK\n\n| | Decision available within 5 working days | Decision available by the end of the next working day |\n\n| Application to settle on the basis of UK Ancestry (through form SET(O)) | No | Yes |\n\n| Application to settle as a former member of HM Forces (through form SET(AF)) | No | Yes |\n\n| Application to settle as a child under 18 (through form SET(F)) | No | Yes |\n\n| Application to settle if you\u2019ve been in the UK legally for 10 continuous years (known as \u2018long residence\u2019) | No | Yes |\n\n| Application to settle if you work, establish a business or invest in the UK (through form SET(O)) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Application to settle as the dependent child or partner if you work, establish a business or invest in the UK | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Application to settle as the partner of a person, or parent of a child, who is present and settled in the UK (through form SET(M)) | No | Yes |\n\n## Applying from outside the UK\n\nWhether you can apply for a faster decision on a visa or settlement (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) application depends on which country you\u2019re applying from.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you can only pay for a faster decision through some visa application centres. Check with the visa application centre you\u2019re applying through.\n\nThey\u2019ll let you know if you can apply to get a decision:\n\n- within 5 working days (\u2018priority service\u2019)\n\n- by the end of the next working day (\u2018super priority service\u2019)\n\nThey\u2019ll also tell you what will happen after you\u2019ve applied.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying from Europe, Africa or some Middle Eastern countries\n\nTo find out if you can get a faster decision through your visa application centre, select the country you\u2019re applying from on the TLScontact list (and the right centre, if there\u2019s more than one). Then check the \u2018Added Value Services\u2019 section of the page for that centre to see if the option is available.\n\nThe Middle Eastern countries on this list are:\n\n- Jordan\n\n- Israel\n\n## If you\u2019re applying from somewhere else\n\nTo find out if you can get a faster decision through your visa application centre, select the country you\u2019re applying from on the VFS global website. Then check the \u2018premium services\u2019 page for your nearest centre to see if the option is available.\n\nIf you cannot find the information, you can email VFS.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Applying from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay for a faster decision on a visa or settlement (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) application if you\u2019re applying from inside the UK.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you can currently only pay for a faster decision on certain visas.

    ", + "

    To get a decision within 5 working days

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible you can choose the \u2018priority service\u2019 when you apply. It costs \u00a3500 in addition to the application fee.

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 5 working days of your UK Visa and Citizen Application Services (UKVCAS) appointment.

    ", + "

    To get a decision by the end of the next working day

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible you can choose the \u2018super priority service\u2019 when you apply. It costs \u00a3800 in addition to the application fee.

    ", + "

    A decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your appointment, if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your appointment, if your appointment is at the weekend or on a bank holiday
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email followed by a decision letter (either in the post or by email).

    ", + "

    If your application is approved, the email will let you know the outcome. If your application is refused, the outcome will not be mentioned in the email.

    ", + "

    When you might wait longer for a decision

    ", + "

    You might wait longer for a decision if you need to provide more information. You\u2019ll be told how and when to provide it.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ll get your biometric residence permit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually receive your biometric residence permit (BRP) within 7 to 10 days of your decision. If it does not arrive, you can report your missing BRP online.

    ", + "

    Your BRP will be sent to the address you gave in your application. You need to update your address before your application is approved if you want it sent elsewhere.

    ", + "

    Eligible visas when applying from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply for a faster decision on certain visa applications or applications to settle in the UK.

    ", + "

    These tables list the eligible applications and whether you can pay to get a faster decision:

    ", + "
  • within 5 working days
    • ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19) there\u2019s a limit on how many people can apply for a faster decision. If you are not offered the option to apply for a faster decision, you can still complete a standard application.

    ", + "

    Eligible visa applications

    ", + " | Decision available within 5 working days | Decision available by the end of the next working day", + "Child student visa | Yes | Yes", + "Global Talent visa | Yes | Yes", + "Health and Care Worker visa | Yes | Yes", + "Innovator visa | Yes | Yes", + "Intra-company visas | Yes | Yes", + "Investor visa (Tier 1) | Yes | No", + "Minister of Religion visa (T2) | Yes | Yes", + "Skilled Worker visa | Yes | Yes", + "Sportsperson visa (T2) | Yes | Yes", + "Start-up visa | Yes | Yes", + "Student visa | Yes | Yes", + "Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) | Yes | Yes", + "Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) | Yes | Yes", + "Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5) | Yes | Yes", + "Temporary Worker \u2013 International Agreement Worker visa (T5) | Yes | Yes", + "Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5) | Yes | Yes", + "Temporary Worker - Seasonal Worker visa (T5) | Yes | Yes", + "Applying as the dependent child or partner on a work, student, global talent, start up or innovator visa | Yes | Yes", + "Applying as the dependent child or partner on an investor visa | Yes | No", + "Applying on the basis of family life as a partner, parent or dependent child or on the basis of private life in the UK (through form FLR(FP) or form FLR(M)) | No | Yes", + "Applying for human rights claims, leave outside the rules and other routes through form FLR(HRO) | No | Yes", + "Applying for other routes through form FLR(IR) | No | Yes", + "

    Eligible applications to settle in the UK

    ", + " | Decision available within 5 working days | Decision available by the end of the next working day", + "Application to settle on the basis of UK Ancestry (through form SET(O)) | No | Yes", + "Application to settle as a former member of HM Forces (through form SET(AF)) | No | Yes", + "Application to settle as a child under 18 (through form SET(F)) | No | Yes", + "Application to settle if you\u2019ve been in the UK legally for 10 continuous years (known as \u2018long residence\u2019) | No | Yes", + "Application to settle if you work, establish a business or invest in the UK (through form SET(O)) | Yes | Yes", + "Application to settle as the dependent child or partner if you work, establish a business or invest in the UK | Yes | Yes", + "Application to settle as the partner of a person, or parent of a child, who is present and settled in the UK (through form SET(M)) | No | Yes", + "

    Applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Whether you can apply for a faster decision on a visa or settlement (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) application depends on which country you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you can only pay for a faster decision through some visa application centres. Check with the visa application centre you\u2019re applying through.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll let you know if you can apply to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • within 5 working days (\u2018priority service\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day (\u2018super priority service\u2019)
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll also tell you what will happen after you\u2019ve applied.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from Europe, Africa or some Middle Eastern countries

    ", + "

    To find out if you can get a faster decision through your visa application centre, select the country you\u2019re applying from on the TLScontact list (and the right centre, if there\u2019s more than one). Then check the \u2018Added Value Services\u2019 section of the page for that centre to see if the option is available.

    ", + "

    The Middle Eastern countries on this list are:

    ", + "
  • Jordan
    • ", + "
  • Israel
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from somewhere else

    ", + "

    To find out if you can get a faster decision through your visa application centre, select the country you\u2019re applying from on the VFS global website. Then check the \u2018premium services\u2019 page for your nearest centre to see if the option is available.

    ", + "

    If you cannot find the information, you can email VFS.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/biometric-residence-permits": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/biometric-residence-permits", + "title": "Biometric residence permits (BRPs)", + "content": "## What a BRP is\n\nA biometric residence permit (BRP) can be used to confirm your:\n\n- identity\n\n- right to study or work in the UK\n\n- right to any public services or benefits you\u2019re entitled to\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a BRP if you:\n\n- apply to come to the UK for longer than 6 months\n\n- extend your visa to longer than 6 months\n\n- apply to settle in the UK\n\n- transfer your visa to a new passport\n\n- apply for certain Home Office travel documents\n\nYou do not have to apply separately for a BRP.\n\nYou will not get a BRP if you use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to prove your identity when applying for your visa. You\u2019ll get a digital immigration status instead.\n\n## What\u2019s on your BRP\n\nYour BRP will include:\n\n- your name, date and place of birth\n\n- your fingerprints and a photo of your face (this is your biometric information)\n\n- your immigration status and any conditions of your stay\n\n- whether you can access public funds, for example benefits and health services\n\nYou may have a National Insurance (NI) number printed on the back of your BRP. Not all BRPs have this - it depends on factors like the date it was issued and your visa status.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply for an NI number if all of the following apply:\n\n- there is not one on your BRP\n\n- you do not already have one\n\n- you\u2019re planning to work, claim benefits, apply for a student loan or pay Class 3 voluntary National Insurance contributions\n\n## Guidance\n\nRead the guidance about biometric residence permits if you\u2019re applying from:\n\n- inside the UK\n\n- outside the UK\n\n## Give your fingerprints and photo\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to provide your fingerprints and photo (\u2018biometric information\u2019) if you\u2019re getting a biometric residence permit (BRP) as part of your visa or immigration application.\n\nYou need to:\n\n- have a digital photo taken of your face\n\n- put your fingers on a glass screen to be scanned\n\nThe process takes less than 5 minutes and does not involve any ink or mess. You will not need to take off your head covering if you wear it for religious or medical reasons.\n\nIf you do not have any fingers you only need to have a digital photo taken of your face. It will be noted on your records that you\u2019re physically unable to provide fingerprints.\n\n## What children need to do when they give their biometric information\n\nChildren under 16 must be accompanied by a parent, guardian or someone over 18 who has legal responsibility for them.\n\nChildren do not need to give their fingerprints if they are under 5 when they apply.\n\n## Where to provide your biometric information\n\nWhere you give your biometric information depends on how you\u2019re making your visa or immigration application.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from within the UK, you\u2019ll usually go to one of the following:\n\n- a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point\n\n- a Service and Support Centre (SSC)\n\n- a Post Office branch\n\nIf you\u2019re outside the UK, you\u2019ll be asked to go to a visa application centre.\n\nMost overseas UK visa application centres are open, but some are closed until further notice because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Check with your local visa application centre for the latest information on the services they\u2019re offering.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend your stay or switch to a different visa, you must be in the UK to provide your biometric information.\n\n## Fee\n\nIt costs \u00a319.20 to give your biometric information (or reuse it if you\u2019ve provided it before) if you apply from within the UK.\n\nIf you apply from outside the UK the cost is included in your application fee.\n\n## Getting your BRP\n\nHow you get your biometric residence permit (BRP) depends on where you made your visa or immigration application.\n\n## If you applied from inside the UK\n\nYour BRP will be sent to you by courier. You do not need to collect it.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually receive it within 7 to 10 days of getting your \u2018decision letter\u2019 from the Home Office saying that you can remain in the UK.\n\nFind out what to do if your BRP has not arrived within 10 days.\n\nYour BRP will be sent to the address you gave in your application. If you want it to be sent elsewhere, you need to\u00a0update your address\u00a0before you receive your decision letter.\n\n## If you applied from outside the UK\n\nCollect your BRP once you\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou must usually do this before the vignette sticker in your travel document expires or within 10 days of arriving in the UK, whichever is later.\n\nDo not collect your BRP if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19). The Post Office will keep your BRP for 90 days. Collect it when you finish self-isolating.\n\nCheck your decision letter. It will tell you to collect your BRP from either:\n\n- a named Post Office branch\n\n- your sponsor, if you chose this option when you applied\n\nYou must be over 18 to collect a BRP.\n\nIf your Post Office branch is closed because of coronavirus, your BRP will be stored safely until it reopens. Contact your Post Office for more information.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need\n\nBring your passport or travel document with your vignette sticker in when you collect your BRP.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your vignette sticker when your visa application is approved. You have permission to come to the UK within 90 days of getting it.\n\n## Collecting a child\u2019s BRP\n\nYou must be nominated to collect a child\u2019s BRP, even if you\u2019re the child\u2019s parent.\n\nThe Home Office will contact you if you\u2019re approved to collect the child\u2019s BRP.\n\nIt\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to approve requests to collect a BRP on behalf of a child. This is because of coronavirus.\n\nIf the child needs to leave and re-enter the UK before you\u2019re approved to collect their BRP, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let them re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.\n\nYou do not need to be nominated if you\u2019re also collecting your own BRP and you are named on your child\u2019s vignette sticker.\n\n## Collecting your BRP from a different Post Office branch\n\nYou can choose to pick up your BRP from a different Post Office branch. You\u2019ll need to arrange this at the branch and pay a fee.\n\nCheck that the Post Office branch you want to use offers a \u2018BRP collection service\u2019.\n\n## Nominate someone else to collect your BRP\n\nYou can nominate someone else to collect your BRP if you have a serious illness or disability that prevents you from collecting it. They must provide your passport as evidence that you\u2019ve entered the UK.\n\nYou cannot nominate someone to collect your BRP if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus. Collect it when you finish self-isolating.\n\nThe person you nominate must have one of the following:\n\n- a passport\n\n- an EU national identity card\n\n- a BRP\n\nYou can get someone to make the nomination for you, for example a legal representative, charity, employer, college or university.\n\nThe Home Office will contact you if the person you nominate is approved to collect your BRP.\n\nIt\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to approve nominations to collect a BRP on behalf of someone else. This is because of coronavirus.\n\nIf you need to leave and re-enter the UK before the person you\u2019ve nominated to collect your BRP is approved, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.\n\nIf you change your mind, you can still collect your BRP yourself or you can nominate a different person. You do not need to cancel the original nomination.\n\nNominate someone\n\n## Report a problem with collecting your BRP\n\nTell the Home Office if you cannot collect your BRP for any reason, for example:\n\n- you went to collect it from the Post Office and it was not there\n\n- you\u2019ve lost your passport or travel document, or cannot prove your identity\n\n- you do not know which Post Office to go to because you\u2019ve lost your decision letter\n\nThe Home Office will email you to tell you what to do next. It\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to respond because of coronavirus. It\u2019ll take longer if you do not give an email address.\n\nIf you need to leave and re-enter the UK before you get your BRP, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.\n\nDo not tell the Home Office that you cannot collect your BRP if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus. Collect it when you finish self-isolating.\n\nReport now\n\n## If there\u2019s a problem with your BRP\n\nReport any problems with your BRP within 10 days of collecting it.\n\n## If your BRP has not arrived\n\nYou will usually receive your biometric residence permit (BRP) within 10 days of getting your \u2018decision letter\u2019 from the Home Office if you applied from inside the UK.\n\n## Before your BRP arrives\n\nYou may be able to prove your immigration status a different way if your BRP has not arrived yet.\n\n## Prove your right to work\n\nIf the visa sticker (called a vignette) in your passport or travel document has not expired, you can use it as proof of your right to work in the UK.\n\nIf the vignette has expired, your employer can ask the Home Office to confirm your right to work.\n\n## Prove your right to rent in England\n\nIf the visa sticker (called a vignette) in your passport or travel document has not expired, you can use it as proof of your right to rent.\n\nIf the vignette has expired, your landlord can contact the Home Office to confirm your right to rent.\n\nYou do not need to prove your right to rent in Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Prove your immigration status to the government or the NHS\n\nIf you need to prove your status to get benefits or use the NHS, tell the government department, local council or NHS service you\u2019re dealing with that your BRP has not arrived. They will contact the Home Office to confirm your status.\n\n## Leave the UK\n\nIf you need to leave and re-enter the UK before you get your BRP, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- choose the country you\u2019re going to provide your fingerprints and photo in\n\n- confirm that you can travel to a visa application centre\n\nApply for a replacement BRP visa.\n\n## Open a bank account\n\nYou usually do not need a BRP to open a bank account. Contact the bank to check if you\u2019ll need a BRP or if you can use a different document.\n\n## If your BRP has not arrived within 10 days\n\nContact the delivery provider TNT if either:\n\n- your BRP has not arrived within 10 days of you getting your decision letter\n\n- you missed the delivery of your BRP\n\nThe delivery provider will track your BRP and rearrange delivery, if needed.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- the postcode of the address you gave in your application\n\n- the consignment number\n\nYour consignment number is a 9 number code - you\u2019ll usually have it in an email from gov.notify and TNT.\n\nContact TNT to track or rearrange the delivery of your BRP.\n\nIf you do not have a consignment number or TNT is unable to help, tell the Home Office that your BRP has not arrived.\n\n## Tell the Home Office that your BRP has not arrived\n\nYou can contact the Home Office about your BRP delivery if:\n\n- you\u2019ve applied from inside the UK\n\n- your \u2018decision letter\u2019 from the Home Office saying that you can remain in the UK arrived more than 10 days ago\n\nYou should only contact the Home Office if either:\n\n- you have already contacted the delivery provider, and they could not help you\n\n- you do not have a consignment number to track your delivery with the delivery provider\n\nYou\u2019ll need the following information:\n\n- your full name, date of birth and nationality\n\n- an email or postal address\n\n- your decision letter\n\nYou can get someone to contact the Home Office for you, for example a legal representative, charity, employer, college or university.\n\nThe Home Office will email you to tell you what to do next. It\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to respond because of coronavirus (COVID-19). It\u2019ll take longer if you do not give an email address.\n\nDo not use this service if the delivery provider tried to deliver your BRP and left a card, or sent a text message or email. Contact them to rearrange delivery.\n\nReport now\n\n## Report a problem with your new BRP\n\nIf there\u2019s a problem with your BRP when it arrives, report it within 10 days. Otherwise you may have to apply and pay for a replacement.\n\nYou can report online if your BRP does not arrive.\n\n## Mistakes in the length or conditions of your visa\n\nIf you applied for your visa from inside the UK, you can ask for an administrative review.\n\n## If your BRP expires on 31 December 2024\n\nYou do not need to tell UKVI if your BRP expires on 31 December 2024 but you have leave to stay longer.\n\nUKVI will update their information on how to update your BRP in early 2024. You do not need to do anything and your immigration status will not be affected.\n\n## Other problems with your BRP\n\nYou can report other problems with your BRP online, for example:\n\n- there\u2019s a mistake on it, for example your name, gender or date of birth is wrong\n\n- your BRP was damaged when it arrived\n\nIf your name is long it may appear \u2018cut off\u2019 on your BRP. This is not a mistake - it is because there is limited space on the BRP card. However, if there\u2019s a spelling mistake, you must report it.\n\n## Report a problem with your BRP online\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have the following:\n\n- your BRP number\n\n- your full name, date of birth and nationality as they appear on your BRP\n\n- an email or postal address\n\nYou can get someone to report the problem for you, for example a legal representative, a charity, employer, college or university.\n\nThe Home Office will email you to tell you what to do next. It\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to respond because of coronavirus (COVID-19). It\u2019ll take longer if you do not give an email address.\n\nReport a problem\n\nIf there is a problem with your BRP and you need to leave and re-enter the UK, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.\n\n## If your BRP is lost or stolen\n\nYou can report your biometric residence permit (BRP) lost or stolen from inside or outside the UK. You can only order a replacement from inside the UK.\n\nThe Home Office will contact you within one working day of reporting it.\n\nYou can get someone to report for you, for example a legal representative, a charity, employer, college or university.\n\nYou will not be able to use your BRP if you find it after you report it lost or stolen.\n\n## If you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf your lost or stolen BRP was valid for 3 months or more, report it and apply for a replacement. You must do this within 3 months of losing it.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and made to leave the UK if you do not apply for a replacement within 3 months.\n\nIf your BRP was valid for 3 months or less, you must do one of the following:\n\n- report it as lost or stolen if you do not intend to remain in the UK after its expiry date\n\n- apply for a replacement if you plan to leave and re-enter the UK within 3 months of its expiry date\n\n- apply to extend your visa if you want to stay in the UK after its expiry date - if granted, you\u2019ll automatically get a new BRP\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYou must report your lost or stolen BRP outside the UK.\n\nYou cannot apply for a replacement BRP outside the UK. Instead, you\u2019ll need to apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019, which lets you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.\n\nYou can apply for a replacement BRP when you return to the UK. You must do this within 3 months of reporting it lost or stolen unless you have a good reason, for example you were unable to return to the UK in that time.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been away for over 2 years and you\u2019ve lost your documentation proving your right to live in the UK, you can apply for a Returning Resident visa.\n\nIf you\u2019re in North Korea you cannot apply for a replacement BRP visa online. Read the guidance for North Korea and use form VAF2 instead.\n\n## Replace an expired BRP\n\nHow you replace an expired BRP depends on whether you are in the UK and what type of leave you have.\n\n## If you have indefinite leave to remain or enter\n\nUse the BRP replacement service from within the UK.\n\n## If your visa is about to expire\n\nYour BRP expiry date is usually the same as the expiry date of your visa. To get a new BRP, you must first apply to extend your visa.\n\nIf it is granted, you will automatically get a new BRP. You cannot use the BRP replacement service.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYou cannot apply for a replacement BRP if it expires while you are outside the UK. Instead, you\u2019ll need to apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019, which lets you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.\n\nYou can apply for a replacement BRP when you return to the UK. You must do this within 3 months of its expiry unless you have a good reason, for example you were unable to return to the UK in that time.\n\n## Replace your visa with a BRP\n\nYou can apply for a biometric residence permit (BRP) to replace the visa (or wet ink stamp) in your passport or travel document, for example if:\n\n- your passport or travel document has expired or it\u2019s been lost or stolen\n\n- the details on your visa (including your facial appearance) have changed\n\nYou must apply from inside the UK.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to prove you can live in the UK if you\u2019re an EU citizen or related to someone from the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland.\n\nThe fee and how you apply depend on your visa status.\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\n## You have permission to settle (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019)\n\nYou must apply online if you have indefinite leave to remain. It costs \u00a3229. You\u2019ll get a decision within 6 months.\n\nIf you want a faster decision you can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service. You\u2019ll get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\n## You have temporary permission to stay in the UK (\u2018leave to remain\u2019)\n\nYou can apply online if you have leave to remain. It costs \u00a3161. You\u2019ll get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nIf you want a faster decision you can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service. You\u2019ll get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\n## You\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen and do not have the documents to prove your right to stay in the UK\n\nYou may be eligible to get a BRP under the Windrush Scheme.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    What a BRP is

    ", + "

    A biometric residence permit (BRP) can be used to confirm your:

    ", + "
  • identity
    • ", + "
  • right to study or work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • right to any public services or benefits you\u2019re entitled to
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a BRP if you:

    ", + "
  • apply to come to the UK for longer than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • extend your visa to longer than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle in the UK
    • ", + "
  • transfer your visa to a new passport
    • ", + "
  • apply for certain Home Office travel documents
    • ", + "

    You do not have to apply separately for a BRP.

    ", + "

    You will not get a BRP if you use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to prove your identity when applying for your visa. You\u2019ll get a digital immigration status instead.

    ", + "

    What\u2019s on your BRP

    ", + "

    Your BRP will include:

    ", + "
  • your name, date and place of birth
    • ", + "
  • your fingerprints and a photo of your face (this is your biometric information)
    • ", + "
  • your immigration status and any conditions of your stay
    • ", + "
  • whether you can access public funds, for example benefits and health services
    • ", + "

    You may have a National Insurance (NI) number printed on the back of your BRP. Not all BRPs have this - it depends on factors like the date it was issued and your visa status.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply for an NI number if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • there is not one on your BRP
    • ", + "
  • you do not already have one
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re planning to work, claim benefits, apply for a student loan or pay Class 3 voluntary National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "

    Guidance

    ", + "

    Read the guidance about biometric residence permits if you\u2019re applying from:

    ", + "
  • inside the UK
    • ", + "
  • outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Give your fingerprints and photo

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to provide your fingerprints and photo (\u2018biometric information\u2019) if you\u2019re getting a biometric residence permit (BRP) as part of your visa or immigration application.

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • have a digital photo taken of your face
    • ", + "
  • put your fingers on a glass screen to be scanned
    • ", + "

    The process takes less than 5 minutes and does not involve any ink or mess. You will not need to take off your head covering if you wear it for religious or medical reasons.

    ", + "

    If you do not have any fingers you only need to have a digital photo taken of your face. It will be noted on your records that you\u2019re physically unable to provide fingerprints.

    ", + "

    What children need to do when they give their biometric information

    ", + "

    Children under 16 must be accompanied by a parent, guardian or someone over 18 who has legal responsibility for them.

    ", + "

    Children do not need to give their fingerprints if they are under 5 when they apply.

    ", + "

    Where to provide your biometric information

    ", + "

    Where you give your biometric information depends on how you\u2019re making your visa or immigration application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from within the UK, you\u2019ll usually go to one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point
    • ", + "
  • a Service and Support Centre (SSC)
    • ", + "
  • a Post Office branch
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK, you\u2019ll be asked to go to a visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Most overseas UK visa application centres are open, but some are closed until further notice because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Check with your local visa application centre for the latest information on the services they\u2019re offering.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend your stay or switch to a different visa, you must be in the UK to provide your biometric information.

    ", + "

    Fee

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a319.20 to give your biometric information (or reuse it if you\u2019ve provided it before) if you apply from within the UK.

    ", + "

    If you apply from outside the UK the cost is included in your application fee.

    ", + "

    Getting your BRP

    ", + "

    How you get your biometric residence permit (BRP) depends on where you made your visa or immigration application.

    ", + "

    If you applied from inside the UK

    ", + "

    Your BRP will be sent to you by courier. You do not need to collect it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually receive it within 7 to 10 days of getting your \u2018decision letter\u2019 from the Home Office saying that you can remain in the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out what to do if your BRP has not arrived within 10 days.

    ", + "

    Your BRP will be sent to the address you gave in your application. If you want it to be sent elsewhere, you need to\u00a0update your address\u00a0before you receive your decision letter.

    ", + "

    If you applied from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Collect your BRP once you\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must usually do this before the vignette sticker in your travel document expires or within 10 days of arriving in the UK, whichever is later.

    ", + "

    Do not collect your BRP if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19). The Post Office will keep your BRP for 90 days. Collect it when you finish self-isolating.

    ", + "

    Check your decision letter. It will tell you to collect your BRP from either:

    ", + "
  • a named Post Office branch
    • ", + "
  • your sponsor, if you chose this option when you applied
    • ", + "

    You must be over 18 to collect a BRP.

    ", + "

    If your Post Office branch is closed because of coronavirus, your BRP will be stored safely until it reopens. Contact your Post Office for more information.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    Bring your passport or travel document with your vignette sticker in when you collect your BRP.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your vignette sticker when your visa application is approved. You have permission to come to the UK within 90 days of getting it.

    ", + "

    Collecting a child\u2019s BRP

    ", + "

    You must be nominated to collect a child\u2019s BRP, even if you\u2019re the child\u2019s parent.

    ", + "

    The Home Office will contact you if you\u2019re approved to collect the child\u2019s BRP.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to approve requests to collect a BRP on behalf of a child. This is because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    If the child needs to leave and re-enter the UK before you\u2019re approved to collect their BRP, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let them re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.

    ", + "

    You do not need to be nominated if you\u2019re also collecting your own BRP and you are named on your child\u2019s vignette sticker.

    ", + "

    Collecting your BRP from a different Post Office branch

    ", + "

    You can choose to pick up your BRP from a different Post Office branch. You\u2019ll need to arrange this at the branch and pay a fee.

    ", + "

    Check that the Post Office branch you want to use offers a \u2018BRP collection service\u2019.

    ", + "

    Nominate someone else to collect your BRP

    ", + "

    You can nominate someone else to collect your BRP if you have a serious illness or disability that prevents you from collecting it. They must provide your passport as evidence that you\u2019ve entered the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot nominate someone to collect your BRP if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus. Collect it when you finish self-isolating.

    ", + "

    The person you nominate must have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a passport
    • ", + "
  • an EU national identity card
    • ", + "
  • a BRP
    • ", + "

    You can get someone to make the nomination for you, for example a legal representative, charity, employer, college or university.

    ", + "

    The Home Office will contact you if the person you nominate is approved to collect your BRP.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to approve nominations to collect a BRP on behalf of someone else. This is because of coronavirus.

    ", + "

    If you need to leave and re-enter the UK before the person you\u2019ve nominated to collect your BRP is approved, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.

    ", + "

    If you change your mind, you can still collect your BRP yourself or you can nominate a different person. You do not need to cancel the original nomination.

    ", + "

    Nominate someone

    ", + "

    Report a problem with collecting your BRP

    ", + "

    Tell the Home Office if you cannot collect your BRP for any reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you went to collect it from the Post Office and it was not there
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lost your passport or travel document, or cannot prove your identity
    • ", + "
  • you do not know which Post Office to go to because you\u2019ve lost your decision letter
    • ", + "

    The Home Office will email you to tell you what to do next. It\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to respond because of coronavirus. It\u2019ll take longer if you do not give an email address.

    ", + "

    If you need to leave and re-enter the UK before you get your BRP, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.

    ", + "

    Do not tell the Home Office that you cannot collect your BRP if you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus. Collect it when you finish self-isolating.

    ", + "

    Report now

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a problem with your BRP

    ", + "

    Report any problems with your BRP within 10 days of collecting it.

    ", + "

    If your BRP has not arrived

    ", + "

    You will usually receive your biometric residence permit (BRP) within 10 days of getting your \u2018decision letter\u2019 from the Home Office if you applied from inside the UK.

    ", + "

    Before your BRP arrives

    ", + "

    You may be able to prove your immigration status a different way if your BRP has not arrived yet.

    ", + "

    Prove your right to work

    ", + "

    If the visa sticker (called a vignette) in your passport or travel document has not expired, you can use it as proof of your right to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    If the vignette has expired, your employer can ask the Home Office to confirm your right to work.

    ", + "

    Prove your right to rent in England

    ", + "

    If the visa sticker (called a vignette) in your passport or travel document has not expired, you can use it as proof of your right to rent.

    ", + "

    If the vignette has expired, your landlord can contact the Home Office to confirm your right to rent.

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your right to rent in Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Prove your immigration status to the government or the NHS

    ", + "

    If you need to prove your status to get benefits or use the NHS, tell the government department, local council or NHS service you\u2019re dealing with that your BRP has not arrived. They will contact the Home Office to confirm your status.

    ", + "

    Leave the UK

    ", + "

    If you need to leave and re-enter the UK before you get your BRP, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • choose the country you\u2019re going to provide your fingerprints and photo in
    • ", + "
  • confirm that you can travel to a visa application centre
    • ", + "

    Apply for a replacement BRP visa.

    ", + "

    Open a bank account

    ", + "

    You usually do not need a BRP to open a bank account. Contact the bank to check if you\u2019ll need a BRP or if you can use a different document.

    ", + "

    If your BRP has not arrived within 10 days

    ", + "

    Contact the delivery provider TNT if either:

    ", + "
  • your BRP has not arrived within 10 days of you getting your decision letter
    • ", + "
  • you missed the delivery of your BRP
    • ", + "

    The delivery provider will track your BRP and rearrange delivery, if needed.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • the postcode of the address you gave in your application
    • ", + "
  • the consignment number
    • ", + "

    Your consignment number is a 9 number code - you\u2019ll usually have it in an email from gov.notify and TNT.

    ", + "

    Contact TNT to track or rearrange the delivery of your BRP.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a consignment number or TNT is unable to help, tell the Home Office that your BRP has not arrived.

    ", + "

    Tell the Home Office that your BRP has not arrived

    ", + "

    You can contact the Home Office about your BRP delivery if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve applied from inside the UK
    • ", + "
  • your \u2018decision letter\u2019 from the Home Office saying that you can remain in the UK arrived more than 10 days ago
    • ", + "

    You should only contact the Home Office if either:

    ", + "
  • you have already contacted the delivery provider, and they could not help you
    • ", + "
  • you do not have a consignment number to track your delivery with the delivery provider
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the following information:

    ", + "
  • your full name, date of birth and nationality
    • ", + "
  • an email or postal address
    • ", + "
  • your decision letter
    • ", + "

    You can get someone to contact the Home Office for you, for example a legal representative, charity, employer, college or university.

    ", + "

    The Home Office will email you to tell you what to do next. It\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to respond because of coronavirus (COVID-19). It\u2019ll take longer if you do not give an email address.

    ", + "

    Do not use this service if the delivery provider tried to deliver your BRP and left a card, or sent a text message or email. Contact them to rearrange delivery.

    ", + "

    Report now

    ", + "

    Report a problem with your new BRP

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a problem with your BRP when it arrives, report it within 10 days. Otherwise you may have to apply and pay for a replacement.

    ", + "

    You can report online if your BRP does not arrive.

    ", + "

    Mistakes in the length or conditions of your visa

    ", + "

    If you applied for your visa from inside the UK, you can ask for an administrative review.

    ", + "

    If your BRP expires on 31 December 2024

    ", + "

    You do not need to tell UKVI if your BRP expires on 31 December 2024 but you have leave to stay longer.

    ", + "

    UKVI will update their information on how to update your BRP in early 2024. You do not need to do anything and your immigration status will not be affected.

    ", + "

    Other problems with your BRP

    ", + "

    You can report other problems with your BRP online, for example:

    ", + "
  • there\u2019s a mistake on it, for example your name, gender or date of birth is wrong
    • ", + "
  • your BRP was damaged when it arrived
    • ", + "

    If your name is long it may appear \u2018cut off\u2019 on your BRP. This is not a mistake - it is because there is limited space on the BRP card. However, if there\u2019s a spelling mistake, you must report it.

    ", + "

    Report a problem with your BRP online

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have the following:

    ", + "
  • your BRP number
    • ", + "
  • your full name, date of birth and nationality as they appear on your BRP
    • ", + "
  • an email or postal address
    • ", + "

    You can get someone to report the problem for you, for example a legal representative, a charity, employer, college or university.

    ", + "

    The Home Office will email you to tell you what to do next. It\u2019s currently taking over 30 days to respond because of coronavirus (COVID-19). It\u2019ll take longer if you do not give an email address.

    ", + "

    Report a problem

    ", + "

    If there is a problem with your BRP and you need to leave and re-enter the UK, apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019. This will let you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.

    ", + "

    If your BRP is lost or stolen

    ", + "

    You can report your biometric residence permit (BRP) lost or stolen from inside or outside the UK. You can only order a replacement from inside the UK.

    ", + "

    The Home Office will contact you within one working day of reporting it.

    ", + "

    You can get someone to report for you, for example a legal representative, a charity, employer, college or university.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to use your BRP if you find it after you report it lost or stolen.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    If your lost or stolen BRP was valid for 3 months or more, report it and apply for a replacement. You must do this within 3 months of losing it.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and made to leave the UK if you do not apply for a replacement within 3 months.

    ", + "

    If your BRP was valid for 3 months or less, you must do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • report it as lost or stolen if you do not intend to remain in the UK after its expiry date
    • ", + "
  • apply for a replacement if you plan to leave and re-enter the UK within 3 months of its expiry date
    • ", + "
  • apply to extend your visa if you want to stay in the UK after its expiry date - if granted, you\u2019ll automatically get a new BRP
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must report your lost or stolen BRP outside the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a replacement BRP outside the UK. Instead, you\u2019ll need to apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019, which lets you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a replacement BRP when you return to the UK. You must do this within 3 months of reporting it lost or stolen unless you have a good reason, for example you were unable to return to the UK in that time.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been away for over 2 years and you\u2019ve lost your documentation proving your right to live in the UK, you can apply for a Returning Resident visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in North Korea you cannot apply for a replacement BRP visa online. Read the guidance for North Korea and use form VAF2 instead.

    ", + "

    Replace an expired BRP

    ", + "

    How you replace an expired BRP depends on whether you are in the UK and what type of leave you have.

    ", + "

    If you have indefinite leave to remain or enter

    ", + "

    Use the BRP replacement service from within the UK.

    ", + "

    If your visa is about to expire

    ", + "

    Your BRP expiry date is usually the same as the expiry date of your visa. To get a new BRP, you must first apply to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    If it is granted, you will automatically get a new BRP. You cannot use the BRP replacement service.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a replacement BRP if it expires while you are outside the UK. Instead, you\u2019ll need to apply for a \u2018replacement BRP visa\u2019, which lets you re-enter the UK once only. It costs \u00a3154.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a replacement BRP when you return to the UK. You must do this within 3 months of its expiry unless you have a good reason, for example you were unable to return to the UK in that time.

    ", + "

    Replace your visa with a BRP

    ", + "

    You can apply for a biometric residence permit (BRP) to replace the visa (or wet ink stamp) in your passport or travel document, for example if:

    ", + "
  • your passport or travel document has expired or it\u2019s been lost or stolen
    • ", + "
  • the details on your visa (including your facial appearance) have changed
    • ", + "

    You must apply from inside the UK.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to prove you can live in the UK if you\u2019re an EU citizen or related to someone from the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    The fee and how you apply depend on your visa status.

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You have permission to settle (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019)

    ", + "

    You must apply online if you have indefinite leave to remain. It costs \u00a3229. You\u2019ll get a decision within 6 months.

    ", + "

    If you want a faster decision you can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service. You\u2019ll get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    You have temporary permission to stay in the UK (\u2018leave to remain\u2019)

    ", + "

    You can apply online if you have leave to remain. It costs \u00a3161. You\u2019ll get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you want a faster decision you can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service. You\u2019ll get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen and do not have the documents to prove your right to stay in the UK

    ", + "

    You may be eligible to get a BRP under the Windrush Scheme.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/change-circumstances-visa-brp": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-circumstances-visa-brp", + "title": "Report a change of circumstances if you have a visa or BRP", + "content": "## You're in the UK and have a BRP\n\nYou must report any changes in your circumstances if you\u2019re in the UK and have either:\n\n- got a biometric residence permit (BRP)\n\n- applied for a BRP but have not had a decision yet\n\nHow you do this depends on what you\u2019re reporting.\n\n## Report a change of address only\n\nYou can change your address without having to apply for a new BRP.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- report a change of address online\n\n- fill in the change of circumstances form and send it to the address on the form\n\n## Report a change to your name or personal details\n\nYou must apply for a new BRP straight away if any of these things change:\n\n- name, for example if you\u2019ve got married\n\n- nationality\n\n- facial appearance\n\n- date of birth, for example if it was wrong\n\n- gender\n\nApply for a replacement BRP online. You\u2019ll need to pay a fee.\n\nYou must apply for a new BRP within 3 months. You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 or have your stay shortened if you do not.\n\n## Report all other changes\n\nYou must report any other changes to the details you gave in your BRP application, including if:\n\n- you get a criminal conviction\n\n- you separate from your partner\n\n- any of your children stop living permanently with you\n\nFill in the change of circumstances form and send it to the address on the form.\n\n## You're in the UK and have a visa\n\nYou must report any changes if you\u2019re in the UK and have either:\n\n- got a visa\n\n- applied for a visa but haven\u2019t had a decision yet\n\nHow you do this depends on what you\u2019re reporting.\n\n## Changes to your name or personal details\n\nYou must transfer your visa to a biometric residence permit (BRP) if your overall stay in the UK is longer than 6 months and any of these details on your visa document change:\n\n- name\n\n- nationality\n\n- facial appearance\n\n- date of birth\n\n- gender\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay a fee.\n\nYou do not need to report these changes or transfer your visa if your stay in the UK is less than 6 months.\n\nFill in a change of circumstances form if you\u2019ve applied for a visa but haven\u2019t had a decision.\n\n## Report all other changes\n\nFill in the change of circumstances form to report any other changes of circumstances including:\n\n- your contact details\n\n- your legal representative\u2019s details\n\n- dependent family members\u2019 details\n\n- if you separate from your partner\n\n- if you get a criminal conviction\n\n- if any of your children stop living with you\n\n## Report a change of address only\n\nYou can update your address or your legal representative\u2019s address online.\n\n## You're outside the UK\n\nHow you report a change of circumstances depends on how you applied and the status of your application.\n\n## If you have a UK Visas and Immigration account\n\nYou will have a UK Visas and Immigration account if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 smartphone app to scan your identity document on your phone.\n\n## You\u2019re still waiting for a decision about your application\n\nYou can change your email address or phone number by updating your account details. You cannot update your identity document, name or address if you\u2019re still waiting for a decision.\n\n## You have a decision about your application\n\nYou can update your account details.\n\n## If you applied through a visa application centre\n\nContact the visa application centre where you applied if you\u2019re outside the UK and there\u2019s a change to your:\n\n- reason for going to the UK\n\n- address\n\n- personal details, for example your name, because you got married\n\nYou may need to make another visa application at your local visa application centre.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    You're in the UK and have a BRP

    ", + "

    You must report any changes in your circumstances if you\u2019re in the UK and have either:

    ", + "
  • got a biometric residence permit (BRP)
    • ", + "
  • applied for a BRP but have not had a decision yet
    • ", + "

    How you do this depends on what you\u2019re reporting.

    ", + "

    Report a change of address only

    ", + "

    You can change your address without having to apply for a new BRP.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • report a change of address online
    • ", + "
  • fill in the change of circumstances form and send it to the address on the form
    • ", + "

    Report a change to your name or personal details

    ", + "

    You must apply for a new BRP straight away if any of these things change:

    ", + "
  • name, for example if you\u2019ve got married
    • ", + "
  • nationality
    • ", + "
  • facial appearance
    • ", + "
  • date of birth, for example if it was wrong
    • ", + "
  • gender
    • ", + "

    Apply for a replacement BRP online. You\u2019ll need to pay a fee.

    ", + "

    You must apply for a new BRP within 3 months. You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 or have your stay shortened if you do not.

    ", + "

    Report all other changes

    ", + "

    You must report any other changes to the details you gave in your BRP application, including if:

    ", + "
  • you get a criminal conviction
    • ", + "
  • you separate from your partner
    • ", + "
  • any of your children stop living permanently with you
    • ", + "

    Fill in the change of circumstances form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You're in the UK and have a visa

    ", + "

    You must report any changes if you\u2019re in the UK and have either:

    ", + "
  • got a visa
    • ", + "
  • applied for a visa but haven\u2019t had a decision yet
    • ", + "

    How you do this depends on what you\u2019re reporting.

    ", + "

    Changes to your name or personal details

    ", + "

    You must transfer your visa to a biometric residence permit (BRP) if your overall stay in the UK is longer than 6 months and any of these details on your visa document change:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • nationality
    • ", + "
  • facial appearance
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • gender
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay a fee.

    ", + "

    You do not need to report these changes or transfer your visa if your stay in the UK is less than 6 months.

    ", + "

    Fill in a change of circumstances form if you\u2019ve applied for a visa but haven\u2019t had a decision.

    ", + "

    Report all other changes

    ", + "

    Fill in the change of circumstances form to report any other changes of circumstances including:

    ", + "
  • your contact details
    • ", + "
  • your legal representative\u2019s details
    • ", + "
  • dependent family members\u2019 details
    • ", + "
  • if you separate from your partner
    • ", + "
  • if you get a criminal conviction
    • ", + "
  • if any of your children stop living with you
    • ", + "

    Report a change of address only

    ", + "

    You can update your address or your legal representative\u2019s address online.

    ", + "

    You're outside the UK

    ", + "

    How you report a change of circumstances depends on how you applied and the status of your application.

    ", + "

    If you have a UK Visas and Immigration account

    ", + "

    You will have a UK Visas and Immigration account if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 smartphone app to scan your identity document on your phone.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re still waiting for a decision about your application

    ", + "

    You can change your email address or phone number by updating your account details. You cannot update your identity document, name or address if you\u2019re still waiting for a decision.

    ", + "

    You have a decision about your application

    ", + "

    You can update your account details.

    ", + "

    If you applied through a visa application centre

    ", + "

    Contact the visa application centre where you applied if you\u2019re outside the UK and there\u2019s a change to your:

    ", + "
  • reason for going to the UK
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • personal details, for example your name, because you got married
    • ", + "

    You may need to make another visa application at your local visa application centre.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/find-an-immigration-adviser": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/find-an-immigration-adviser", + "title": "Find an immigration adviser", + "content": "## Search for an adviser\n\nYou can get immigration advice from an immigration adviser if you need help with getting permission to stay in the UK.\n\nImmigration advisers can help you with most things to do with immigration, including helping you to fill in the right forms and representing you at a tribunal. They do not make immigration decisions.\n\nCheck if the adviser is registered and if they charge a fee before you use them.\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.\n\n## Find a registered immigration adviser\n\nUse the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC) Adviser Finder to find a registered adviser near you.\n\nAll immigration advisers must be registered with OISC or be a member of an approved professional body, for example The Law Society.\n\n## If you want legal help\n\nYou can find solicitors who give immigration advice through:\n\n- The Law Society if you live in England or Wales\n\n- The Law Society of Scotland\n\n- The Law Society of Northern Ireland\n\n## Regulating immigration advisers\n\nOISC regulates immigration advisers and makes sure they meet certain standards. For example, advisers must:\n\n- carry insurance against giving poor advice\n\n- keep up to date with current immigration advice\n\nOISC maintains a register of the immigration advisers that they regulate.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nYou can complain about an immigration adviser if you think you\u2019ve had a bad service.\n\nYou cannot get your money back if an adviser is not regulated.\n\n## Suspended immigration advisers\n\nYou can see a list of people who are banned from acting as immigration advisers.\n\n## What advisers can do\n\nImmigration advisers are only allowed to give you advice on things they\u2019re qualified to help you with.\n\nYou can see what advice they can give you by their \u2018level\u2019. There are 3 levels.\n\nCheck an immigration adviser is allowed to give you the advice you need before you use them.\n\nOnly a level 3 adviser can appear on your behalf at an immigration tribunal.\n\n## Level 1 - advice and assistance\n\nA level 1 adviser can give you advice on simple cases, for example getting a business visa extension when you have no problems with work and all necessary documents.\n\nLevel 1 advisers can advise you on:\n\n- entry clearance\n\n- leave to enter\n\n- leave to remain\n\n- nationality and citizenship\n\n- EU and EEA law\n\nThe detailed guide explains what level 1 advisers can do.\n\n## Level 2 - casework\n\nLevel 2 advisers can do everything that Level 1 advisers can do, but can also accept more complicated cases.\n\nYou may want to use a level 2 adviser if you\u2019ve had problems in the past with immigration and want permission to remain in the UK.\n\nAdvisers in this category can also help:\n\n- with claims for asylum and human rights applications\n\n- get your visa application decision reviewed (an \u2018administrative review\u2019)\n\n- if you entered the UK illegally or stayed after your visa expired\n\n- if you\u2019re being removed or deported\n\nThe detailed guide explains what level 2 advisers can do.\n\n## Level 3 - advocacy and representation\n\nLevel 3 advisers can do everything that Level 1 and 2 advisers can.\n\nThey can also appear on your behalf at an immigration tribunal. In certain situations they can help you if you go to court.\n\nThe detailed guide explains what level 3 advisers can do.\n\n## Hiring an adviser\n\nWhen you hire an immigration adviser:\n\n- find out how much they charge and if you\u2019ll have to pay them\n\n- get a signed and dated receipt if you pay them any money\n\n- ask how much you\u2019ll have to pay if you decide you do not want to use them any more\n\n- agree a fee before they do any extra work for you\n\nSome advisers do not charge a fee. If they do not charge, you\u2019ll still have to pay for any expenses like translation costs and application fees.\n\nLegal aid can help pay for legal advice or representation at a court or tribunal - check if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nYour adviser must give you a letter immediately after you hire them saying:\n\n- what work they\u2019re doing for you\n\n- how much you\u2019ll be charged\n\n- how you\u2019ll pay them\n\n## Complain about an adviser\n\nYou can complain to the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC) about either:\n\n- bad service you received from an adviser registered with OISC\n\n- immigration advice you received from an unregulated person\n\nYou can also ask someone to make a complaint on your behalf, for example a friend, solicitor or voluntary organisation.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to complain about a legal adviser registered with a professional body but not regulated by OISC.\n\n## What you can and cannot complain about\n\nYou can complain about:\n\n- poor advice or service\n\n- unreasonable fees\n\n- an adviser claiming you\u2019ll be successful\n\n- an adviser charging for work not done\n\n- an adviser missing deadlines or failing to appear in court\n\n- an adviser\n\nYou cannot make a complaint about:\n\n- how long your immigration application has taken\n\n- something that\u2019s already part of an ongoing legal action\n\n- a refund or compensation\n\n- Home Office staff\n\n- a person or organisation outside the UK\n\nYou usually cannot make a complaint about something that happened more than 12 months ago - OISC will decide whether or not to investigate depending on the situation.\n\nOISC may refer your complaint elsewhere if you complain about a solicitor or barrister.\n\nRead more about how the OISC deals with complaints.\n\n## How to complain about an adviser regulated by OISC\n\nThe easiest way to complain is to:\n\n- download and fill in the complaints form\n\n- include any documents that are relevant with your complaint\n\n- send the complaints form and documents to complaints@oisc.gov.uk or by post to the address on the form.\n\nThe form is available in different languages and your complaint can be translated if needed.\n\nYou can get help from OISC staff to fill in the complaints form, but they cannot write your complaint for you.\n\n## Complain by letter\n\nYou can also make a complaint by sending a letter or email.\n\nYou need to provide as much detail as you can about who you\u2019re making the complaint against and what the complaint is about.\n\n## How to complain about an unregulated adviser\n\nYou can email the OISC to report someone giving immigration advice who is not regulated by either the OSIC or another approved body.\n\n## Get help with your complaint\n\nYou can get support and advice from the:\n\n- Refugee Council England\n\n- Welsh Refugee Council\n\n- Scottish Refugee Council\n\n- Citizens Advice Northern Ireland\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter within 5 days of making your complaint telling you how it\u2019s going to be dealt with.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with a decision on your case within 5 months of making your complaint.\n\nThe OISC may decide to:\n\n- take action against the adviser, for example warn the adviser about their conduct\n\n- refer the complaint, for example if it\u2019s about a solicitor or barrister", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Search for an adviser

    ", + "

    You can get immigration advice from an immigration adviser if you need help with getting permission to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Immigration advisers can help you with most things to do with immigration, including helping you to fill in the right forms and representing you at a tribunal. They do not make immigration decisions.

    ", + "

    Check if the adviser is registered and if they charge a fee before you use them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    Find a registered immigration adviser

    ", + "

    Use the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC) Adviser Finder to find a registered adviser near you.

    ", + "

    All immigration advisers must be registered with OISC or be a member of an approved professional body, for example The Law Society.

    ", + "

    If you want legal help

    ", + "

    You can find solicitors who give immigration advice through:

    ", + "
  • The Law Society if you live in England or Wales
    • ", + "
  • The Law Society of Scotland
    • ", + "
  • The Law Society of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Regulating immigration advisers

    ", + "

    OISC regulates immigration advisers and makes sure they meet certain standards. For example, advisers must:

    ", + "
  • carry insurance against giving poor advice
    • ", + "
  • keep up to date with current immigration advice
    • ", + "

    OISC maintains a register of the immigration advisers that they regulate.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    You can complain about an immigration adviser if you think you\u2019ve had a bad service.

    ", + "

    You cannot get your money back if an adviser is not regulated.

    ", + "

    Suspended immigration advisers

    ", + "

    You can see a list of people who are banned from acting as immigration advisers.

    ", + "

    What advisers can do

    ", + "

    Immigration advisers are only allowed to give you advice on things they\u2019re qualified to help you with.

    ", + "

    You can see what advice they can give you by their \u2018level\u2019. There are 3 levels.

    ", + "

    Check an immigration adviser is allowed to give you the advice you need before you use them.

    ", + "

    Only a level 3 adviser can appear on your behalf at an immigration tribunal.

    ", + "

    Level 1 - advice and assistance

    ", + "

    A level 1 adviser can give you advice on simple cases, for example getting a business visa extension when you have no problems with work and all necessary documents.

    ", + "

    Level 1 advisers can advise you on:

    ", + "
  • entry clearance
    • ", + "
  • leave to enter
    • ", + "
  • leave to remain
    • ", + "
  • nationality and citizenship
    • ", + "
  • EU and EEA law
    • ", + "

    The detailed guide explains what level 1 advisers can do.

    ", + "

    Level 2 - casework

    ", + "

    Level 2 advisers can do everything that Level 1 advisers can do, but can also accept more complicated cases.

    ", + "

    You may want to use a level 2 adviser if you\u2019ve had problems in the past with immigration and want permission to remain in the UK.

    ", + "

    Advisers in this category can also help:

    ", + "
  • with claims for asylum and human rights applications
    • ", + "
  • get your visa application decision reviewed (an \u2018administrative review\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • if you entered the UK illegally or stayed after your visa expired
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re being removed or deported
    • ", + "

    The detailed guide explains what level 2 advisers can do.

    ", + "

    Level 3 - advocacy and representation

    ", + "

    Level 3 advisers can do everything that Level 1 and 2 advisers can.

    ", + "

    They can also appear on your behalf at an immigration tribunal. In certain situations they can help you if you go to court.

    ", + "

    The detailed guide explains what level 3 advisers can do.

    ", + "

    Hiring an adviser

    ", + "

    When you hire an immigration adviser:

    ", + "
  • find out how much they charge and if you\u2019ll have to pay them
    • ", + "
  • get a signed and dated receipt if you pay them any money
    • ", + "
  • ask how much you\u2019ll have to pay if you decide you do not want to use them any more
    • ", + "
  • agree a fee before they do any extra work for you
    • ", + "

    Some advisers do not charge a fee. If they do not charge, you\u2019ll still have to pay for any expenses like translation costs and application fees.

    ", + "

    Legal aid can help pay for legal advice or representation at a court or tribunal - check if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Your adviser must give you a letter immediately after you hire them saying:

    ", + "
  • what work they\u2019re doing for you
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019ll be charged
    • ", + "
  • how you\u2019ll pay them
    • ", + "

    Complain about an adviser

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC) about either:

    ", + "
  • bad service you received from an adviser registered with OISC
    • ", + "
  • immigration advice you received from an unregulated person
    • ", + "

    You can also ask someone to make a complaint on your behalf, for example a friend, solicitor or voluntary organisation.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to complain about a legal adviser registered with a professional body but not regulated by OISC.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot complain about

    ", + "

    You can complain about:

    ", + "
  • poor advice or service
    • ", + "
  • unreasonable fees
    • ", + "
  • an adviser claiming you\u2019ll be successful
    • ", + "
  • an adviser charging for work not done
    • ", + "
  • an adviser missing deadlines or failing to appear in court
    • ", + "
  • an adviser
    • ", + "

    You cannot make a complaint about:

    ", + "
  • how long your immigration application has taken
    • ", + "
  • something that\u2019s already part of an ongoing legal action
    • ", + "
  • a refund or compensation
    • ", + "
  • Home Office staff
    • ", + "
  • a person or organisation outside the UK
    • ", + "

    You usually cannot make a complaint about something that happened more than 12 months ago - OISC will decide whether or not to investigate depending on the situation.

    ", + "

    OISC may refer your complaint elsewhere if you complain about a solicitor or barrister.

    ", + "

    Read more about how the OISC deals with complaints.

    ", + "

    How to complain about an adviser regulated by OISC

    ", + "

    The easiest way to complain is to:

    ", + "
  • download and fill in the complaints form
    • ", + "
  • include any documents that are relevant with your complaint
    • ", + "
  • send the complaints form and documents to complaints@oisc.gov.uk or by post to the address on the form.
    • ", + "

    The form is available in different languages and your complaint can be translated if needed.

    ", + "

    You can get help from OISC staff to fill in the complaints form, but they cannot write your complaint for you.

    ", + "

    Complain by letter

    ", + "

    You can also make a complaint by sending a letter or email.

    ", + "

    You need to provide as much detail as you can about who you\u2019re making the complaint against and what the complaint is about.

    ", + "

    How to complain about an unregulated adviser

    ", + "

    You can email the OISC to report someone giving immigration advice who is not regulated by either the OSIC or another approved body.

    ", + "

    Get help with your complaint

    ", + "

    You can get support and advice from the:

    ", + "
  • Refugee Council England
    • ", + "
  • Welsh Refugee Council
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Refugee Council
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter within 5 days of making your complaint telling you how it\u2019s going to be dealt with.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter with a decision on your case within 5 months of making your complaint.

    ", + "

    The OISC may decide to:

    ", + "
  • take action against the adviser, for example warn the adviser about their conduct
    • ", + "
  • refer the complaint, for example if it\u2019s about a solicitor or barrister
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/standard-visitor-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/standard-visitor-visa", + "title": "Standard Visitor visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can come to the UK as a Standard Visitor:\n\n- for tourism, for example on a holiday or to see your family and friends\n\n- for certain business activities, for example attending a meeting\n\n- to do a short course of study\n\n- to take part in research or an exchange programme as an academic\n\n- for medical reasons, for example to receive private medical treatment\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and what you plan to do in the UK.\n\nCheck if you need to apply for a UK visa.\n\nYour application will not be accepted and you will not get a refund if you have the right of abode in the UK (for example you\u2019re a British citizen). You need to apply for a certificate of entitlement instead.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can visit the UK to do certain activities, for example visiting friends and family or attending a conference.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- do paid or unpaid work for a UK company or as a self-employed person\n\n- live in the UK for long periods of time through frequent visits\n\n- claim public funds (benefits)\n\n- do a course of study that lasts longer than 6 months\n\n- marry or register a civil partnership, or give notice of marriage or civil partnership. You\u2019ll need a Marriage Visitor visa instead\n\nRead the guidance for more information about what you can and cannot do with a Standard Visitor visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prove that you meet the eligibility requirements, for example that you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can usually stay in the UK for up to 6 months (\u00a395 fee).\n\nYou might be able to stay for longer if:\n\n- you\u2019re coming to the UK for private medical treatment - up to 11 months (\u00a3190 fee)\n\n- you\u2019re an academic and meet the eligibility requirements - you, your spouse or partner and your children may be able to stay for up to 12 months (\u00a3190 fee)\n\nIf you\u2019re staying in the UK for longer than 6 months, you must collect your biometric residence permit when you arrive. You may also have to take a tuberculosis test as part of your application depending on where you come from.\n\n## If you need to visit the UK regularly\n\nYou can apply for a long-term Standard Visitor visa that lasts 2, 5 or 10 years if you need to visit the UK regularly over a longer period. You can stay for a maximum of 6 months on each visit.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 18 years old when you apply, your long-term Standard Visitor visa will only be valid for up to 6 months after you turn 18. You cannot get a refund on the fee.\n\n## When to apply and how long it takes\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you come to the UK.\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\n## Fees\n\nA Standard Visitor visa costs \u00a395.\n\nThe fee for a long-term Standard Visitor visa depends on its length:\n\n- 2 years - \u00a3361\n\n- 5 years - \u00a3655\n\n- 10 years - \u00a3822\n\n## Extending your stay as a visitor\n\nYou cannot switch from a Standard Visitor visa to another type of visa.\n\nYou can only extend your stay for specific reasons, for example needing further private medical treatment.\n\nIf you want a visa to do something other than visiting, for example work or longer-term study, you\u2019ll need to leave the UK and make a new application.\n\n## What you can do in the UK\n\nYou can visit the UK to do different activities. You must meet the eligibility requirements for the things you want to do.\n\n## If you\u2019re visiting for tourism or leisure\n\nYou can visit the UK to:\n\n- spend time with friends and family\n\n- take a holiday\n\n- do a recreational course of up to 30 days, for example a dance course\n\n- volunteer for up to 30 days with a registered charity\n\n- take part in a school exchange programme\n\n## If you\u2019re visiting on business\n\nYou can visit the UK for many different business reasons, including attending meetings, conferences, trade fairs or negotiating contracts.\n\nYou can do certain business activities with UK employees of the company you work for overseas, for example provide training or share knowledge on internal projects.\n\nCheck the Visitor Rules for the full list of business activities you can do as a Standard Visitor and any additional eligibility requirements.\n\nIf you\u2019re being paid by a UK organisation to visit as an expert in your profession, you should apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa.\n\n## If you\u2019re visiting to study\n\nYou can visit the UK to study for up to 6 months at an accredited institution, this includes English language courses.\n\nYou can also do:\n\n- a short piece of research that\u2019s relevant to your course overseas\n\n- an \u2018elective\u2019 - an optional additional placement, if you\u2019re studying medicine, veterinary medicine and science, or dentistry\n\nIf you want to study longer you\u2019ll need to apply for a:\n\n- Student visa (if your course is run by a licensed sponsor)\n\n- Short-term study visa (for English Language courses up to 11 months)\n\n## If you\u2019re visiting as an academic\n\nIf you\u2019re from an academic institution overseas, you can:\n\n- take part in formal exchange arrangements with UK counterparts\n\n- carry out your own research during a sabbatical\n\nIf you\u2019re a senior doctor or dentist you can also:\n\n- take part in research\n\n- teach (as long as it is not a permanent teaching post)\n\n- undertake clinical practice (as long as it\u2019s not a permanent position)\n\n## If you\u2019re visiting for medical reasons\n\nYou can visit the UK if you want to have private medical treatment at a hospital or other medical facility.\n\nYou can also visit to donate an organ to a family member or close friend. This includes being assessed for suitability as a donor match.\n\n## If you\u2019re passing through the UK to another country\n\nYou can pass through the UK to another country as a Standard Visitor.\n\nIf transiting is your only reason for coming to the UK, then you may apply for a Transit visa instead.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must show that:\n\n- you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit\n\n- you\u2019ll not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home\n\n- you\u2019re able to support yourself and your dependants during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)\n\n- you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)\n\n- you have proof of any business or other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to study for up to 6 months\n\nYou must prove one of the following:\n\n- you\u2019ve been accepted onto a course of no more than 6 months provided by an accredited UK institution (this cannot be an academy or state-funded school)\n\n- you\u2019re at least 16 years old and have been accepted by a UK higher education institution to take part in research that\u2019s relevant to the course you\u2019re studying overseas\n\n- you\u2019re at least 16 years old and are doing an \u2018elective\u2019 (an optional additional placement) as part of an overseas medicine, veterinary medicine and science, or dentistry course\n\nYou must already be enrolled on a course that is the equivalent of a UK degree, before applying to do research or a placement in the UK.\n\nTo study or research certain subjects at postgraduate level or above, you may need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate. If you do need one, you\u2019ll need to get your ATAS certificate before starting your study or research.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying as an academic\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 12 months if you\u2019re applying as an academic. You must prove you\u2019re:\n\n- highly qualified in your field of expertise, for example you have a PhD\n\n- currently working in that field of expertise at an academic institution overseas\n\n- visiting for a formal exchange or to carry out research\n\n- not filling a permanent teaching post\n\nTo research certain subjects at postgraduate level or above, you may need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate. If you do need one, you\u2019ll need to get your ATAS certificate before starting your research.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to visit for private medical treatment\n\nYou must prove that you:\n\n- have a medical condition that needs private consultation or treatment in the UK\n\n- have made arrangements for consultations or treatment\n\n- have enough money or funding to pay for your treatment\n\n- will leave the UK once your treatment is completed, or when your visa expires\n\n- are not a danger to public health if you have an infectious disease, such as leprosy\n\n## If you\u2019re applying as an organ donor\n\nYou can only visit the UK to donate organs to:\n\n- a family member who you\u2019re genetically related to (for example your sibling or parent)\n\n- someone you have a close personal relationship with (for example your spouse or friend)\n\nYou must prove that the person you\u2019re donating an organ to is legally allowed to be in the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for a long-term Standard Visitor visa\n\nYou must prove that you\u2019ll only ever be coming to the UK to visit and that you plan to leave at the end of each visit.\n\nYou may be given a visa for a shorter period than requested if you do not do this. You will not get a refund of the application fee if you get a shorter visa or your application is refused.\n\nYour visa may be cancelled if your travel history shows you are repeatedly living in the UK for extended periods.\n\n## Documents you'll need\n\nYou must provide a passport or travel document. Your passport should be valid for the whole of your stay in the UK and contain a blank page for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what other documents and information to provide when you apply online.\n\nYou must provide certified translations of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide the following information:\n\n- the dates you\u2019re planning to travel to the UK\n\n- details of where you\u2019ll be staying during your visit\n\n- how much you think your trip will cost\n\n- your current home address and how long you\u2019ve lived there\n\n- your parents\u2019 names and dates of birth (if known)\n\n- how much you earn in a year (if you have an income)\n\n- details of any criminal, civil or immigration offences you may have committed\n\nYou might also need to provide:\n\n- details of your travel history for the past 10 years\n\n- your employer\u2019s address and telephone number\n\n- your partner\u2019s name, date of birth, and passport number\n\n- the name and address of anyone paying for your trip\n\n- the name, address and passport number of any family members you have in the UK\n\n## Providing documents for certain activities\n\nYou must provide specific documents if you\u2019re applying to visit the UK to:\n\n- do research as part of an overseas study course\n\n- have private medical treatment\n\n- be an organ donor\n\n- take the Professional and Linguistic Assessment Board (PLAB) test or sit the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)\n\nRead the full list of supporting documents for more information.\n\n## If you're under 18\n\nYou may visit the UK if you\u2019re under 18 and:\n\n- you\u2019ve made suitable arrangements for your travel and stay in the UK\n\n- you have written consent from your parent or guardian to travel to the UK (if travelling alone)\n\n- you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey\n\n- you have enough money to support yourself without working or getting help from public funds, or you have family and friends that can support you\n\n## Travelling alone\n\nYou can travel to the UK without an adult (someone over the age of 18).\n\nYour parent or guardian will need to provide their:\n\n- written consent for you to travel to the UK\n\n- full contact details\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to provide proof that you have somewhere suitable to live during your stay in the UK, including:\n\n- the name and date of birth of the person that you will be staying with\n\n- an address where you will be living\n\n- details of your relationship to the person who\u2019ll be looking after you and\n\n- their written consent for you to stay with that person while you\u2019re in the UK\n\n## If you\u2019re not staying with a close relative\n\nYour parent, guardian or school must tell the relevant local authority about your visit if you\u2019re both of the following:\n\n- under 16 (or under 18 if you have a disability)\n\n- going to be looked after for more than 28 days by someone who is not a close relative (called \u2018private foster care\u2019)\n\nYou should provide a reply from the local authority if you have one.\n\nThe same rules apply to education exchange visits that last for more than 28 days, unless:\n\n- you\u2019re part of a group that is travelling and staying together, for example a school group\n\n- you\u2019re accompanied by an adult, for example a teacher\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Read the guidance for more information.\n\n## Travelling with an adult\n\nWhen travelling to the UK with an adult (someone over the age of 18), you\u2019ll need to identify them in your visa application.\n\nIf the person you\u2019re travelling with is not your parent, you\u2019ll need to provide specific information about them in your application.\n\nYou can identify up to 2 adults in your visa application. Their names will appear on your visa.\n\nThe adult can apply for a visa at the same time, but you must each complete separate applications.\n\nIf you arrive in the UK without the person named in your visa, you\u2019ll need to show that your parent or guardian consents to your travel and accommodation arrangements.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you travel to the UK.\n\nCheck what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\n## Apply for a Standard Visitor visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Apply with family members\n\nEach family member must make their own application and pay the fee.\n\nYou can apply on behalf of your partner and child, if they cannot apply for themselves.\n\nThey must attend their own appointment at a visa application centre.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.\n\n## Extend your stay\n\nYou may be able to extend your stay as long as the total time you spend in the UK as a visitor is no more than 6 months.\n\nFor example if you have been in the UK as a visitor for 3 months, you can apply to extend your stay for 3 more months.\n\nRead the guidance to find out if you can extend your visit.\n\nYou must apply while you\u2019re still in the UK and before your current visa expires.\n\n## If you want to extend your stay for longer than 6 months\n\nYou can only apply to extend your stay as a visitor for over 6 months if you\u2019re:\n\n- a patient receiving medical treatment\n\n- an academic and you still meet the eligibility requirements\n\n- a graduate doing a clinical attachment or retaking the Professional and Linguistic Assessment Board (PLAB) test\n\nIf you did not need a visa for the first 6 months of your visit, you\u2019ll need to apply for permission to stay longer and pay the fee.\n\n## If you\u2019re receiving private medical treatment in the UK\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay for a further 6 months if you:\n\n- have paid for any treatment you\u2019ve already had in the UK\n\n- can and will pay the further costs of your treatment\n\n- continue to meet the eligibility requirements\n\nYou must also get a medical practitioner or NHS consultant who\u2019s registered in the UK to provide:\n\n- proof of arrangements for your private medical consultation or treatment\n\n- a letter saying how long your treatment is likely to take\n\n- details of the progress of your treatment, if it\u2019s already started\n\n## If you\u2019re an academic\n\nIf you want to extend your stay as an academic visiting the UK, you must prove you:\n\n- are highly qualified in your field of expertise, for example you have a PhD or higher\n\n- were working in that field of expertise at an academic institution overseas prior to your arrival in the UK\n\n- are visiting for a formal exchange or to carry out research\n\n- are not filling a permanent teaching post\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 12 months in total.\n\nBefore you extend your stay, check if you need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate. You may need one if you\u2019re researching certain subjects at postgraduate level or above.\n\n## If you\u2019re retaking the PLAB test\n\nYou can extend your stay in the UK to retake the PLAB test.\n\nYou must provide written confirmation from the General Medical Council that you are sitting the test.\n\nYou can stay up to 6 months to retake the test.\n\n## If you\u2019ve passed the PLAB test and want to do a clinical attachment\n\nIf you\u2019re successful in the PLAB test, you can apply to extend your stay to do an unpaid clinical attachment. You must not treat patients.\n\nYou must provide written confirmation of your clinical attachment offer and confirm you\u2019ve not done one in the UK before.\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 18 months in total.\n\n## Apply to extend your stay as a visitor\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a3993 to extend this visa\n\n- an extra \u00a3800 if you use the super priority service\n\nYou must also pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nA decision will usually be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can come to the UK as a Standard Visitor:

    ", + "
  • for tourism, for example on a holiday or to see your family and friends
    • ", + "
  • for certain business activities, for example attending a meeting
    • ", + "
  • to do a short course of study
    • ", + "
  • to take part in research or an exchange programme as an academic
    • ", + "
  • for medical reasons, for example to receive private medical treatment
    • ", + "

    You may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and what you plan to do in the UK.

    ", + "

    Check if you need to apply for a UK visa.

    ", + "

    Your application will not be accepted and you will not get a refund if you have the right of abode in the UK (for example you\u2019re a British citizen). You need to apply for a certificate of entitlement instead.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can visit the UK to do certain activities, for example visiting friends and family or attending a conference.

    ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • do paid or unpaid work for a UK company or as a self-employed person
    • ", + "
  • live in the UK for long periods of time through frequent visits
    • ", + "
  • claim public funds (benefits)
    • ", + "
  • do a course of study that lasts longer than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • marry or register a civil partnership, or give notice of marriage or civil partnership. You\u2019ll need a Marriage Visitor visa instead
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance for more information about what you can and cannot do with a Standard Visitor visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove that you meet the eligibility requirements, for example that you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can usually stay in the UK for up to 6 months (\u00a395 fee).

    ", + "

    You might be able to stay for longer if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re coming to the UK for private medical treatment - up to 11 months (\u00a3190 fee)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an academic and meet the eligibility requirements - you, your spouse or partner and your children may be able to stay for up to 12 months (\u00a3190 fee)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re staying in the UK for longer than 6 months, you must collect your biometric residence permit when you arrive. You may also have to take a tuberculosis test as part of your application depending on where you come from.

    ", + "

    If you need to visit the UK regularly

    ", + "

    You can apply for a long-term Standard Visitor visa that lasts 2, 5 or 10 years if you need to visit the UK regularly over a longer period. You can stay for a maximum of 6 months on each visit.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18 years old when you apply, your long-term Standard Visitor visa will only be valid for up to 6 months after you turn 18. You cannot get a refund on the fee.

    ", + "

    When to apply and how long it takes

    ", + "

    If you need a visa, you must apply online before you come to the UK.

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    Allow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    A Standard Visitor visa costs \u00a395.

    ", + "

    The fee for a long-term Standard Visitor visa depends on its length:

    ", + "
  • 2 years - \u00a3361
    • ", + "
  • 5 years - \u00a3655
    • ", + "
  • 10 years - \u00a3822
    • ", + "

    Extending your stay as a visitor

    ", + "

    You cannot switch from a Standard Visitor visa to another type of visa.

    ", + "

    You can only extend your stay for specific reasons, for example needing further private medical treatment.

    ", + "

    If you want a visa to do something other than visiting, for example work or longer-term study, you\u2019ll need to leave the UK and make a new application.

    ", + "

    What you can do in the UK

    ", + "

    You can visit the UK to do different activities. You must meet the eligibility requirements for the things you want to do.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re visiting for tourism or leisure

    ", + "

    You can visit the UK to:

    ", + "
  • spend time with friends and family
    • ", + "
  • take a holiday
    • ", + "
  • do a recreational course of up to 30 days, for example a dance course
    • ", + "
  • volunteer for up to 30 days with a registered charity
    • ", + "
  • take part in a school exchange programme
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re visiting on business

    ", + "

    You can visit the UK for many different business reasons, including attending meetings, conferences, trade fairs or negotiating contracts.

    ", + "

    You can do certain business activities with UK employees of the company you work for overseas, for example provide training or share knowledge on internal projects.

    ", + "

    Check the Visitor Rules for the full list of business activities you can do as a Standard Visitor and any additional eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re being paid by a UK organisation to visit as an expert in your profession, you should apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re visiting to study

    ", + "

    You can visit the UK to study for up to 6 months at an accredited institution, this includes English language courses.

    ", + "

    You can also do:

    ", + "
  • a short piece of research that\u2019s relevant to your course overseas
    • ", + "
  • an \u2018elective\u2019 - an optional additional placement, if you\u2019re studying medicine, veterinary medicine and science, or dentistry
    • ", + "

    If you want to study longer you\u2019ll need to apply for a:

    ", + "
  • Student visa (if your course is run by a licensed sponsor)
    • ", + "
  • Short-term study visa (for English Language courses up to 11 months)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re visiting as an academic

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an academic institution overseas, you can:

    ", + "
  • take part in formal exchange arrangements with UK counterparts
    • ", + "
  • carry out your own research during a sabbatical
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a senior doctor or dentist you can also:

    ", + "
  • take part in research
    • ", + "
  • teach (as long as it is not a permanent teaching post)
    • ", + "
  • undertake clinical practice (as long as it\u2019s not a permanent position)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re visiting for medical reasons

    ", + "

    You can visit the UK if you want to have private medical treatment at a hospital or other medical facility.

    ", + "

    You can also visit to donate an organ to a family member or close friend. This includes being assessed for suitability as a donor match.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re passing through the UK to another country

    ", + "

    You can pass through the UK to another country as a Standard Visitor.

    ", + "

    If transiting is your only reason for coming to the UK, then you may apply for a Transit visa instead.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must show that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to support yourself and your dependants during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)
    • ", + "
  • you have proof of any business or other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to study for up to 6 months

    ", + "

    You must prove one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been accepted onto a course of no more than 6 months provided by an accredited UK institution (this cannot be an academy or state-funded school)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re at least 16 years old and have been accepted by a UK higher education institution to take part in research that\u2019s relevant to the course you\u2019re studying overseas
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re at least 16 years old and are doing an \u2018elective\u2019 (an optional additional placement) as part of an overseas medicine, veterinary medicine and science, or dentistry course
    • ", + "

    You must already be enrolled on a course that is the equivalent of a UK degree, before applying to do research or a placement in the UK.

    ", + "

    To study or research certain subjects at postgraduate level or above, you may need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate. If you do need one, you\u2019ll need to get your ATAS certificate before starting your study or research.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying as an academic

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 12 months if you\u2019re applying as an academic. You must prove you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • highly qualified in your field of expertise, for example you have a PhD
    • ", + "
  • currently working in that field of expertise at an academic institution overseas
    • ", + "
  • visiting for a formal exchange or to carry out research
    • ", + "
  • not filling a permanent teaching post
    • ", + "

    To research certain subjects at postgraduate level or above, you may need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate. If you do need one, you\u2019ll need to get your ATAS certificate before starting your research.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to visit for private medical treatment

    ", + "

    You must prove that you:

    ", + "
  • have a medical condition that needs private consultation or treatment in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have made arrangements for consultations or treatment
    • ", + "
  • have enough money or funding to pay for your treatment
    • ", + "
  • will leave the UK once your treatment is completed, or when your visa expires
    • ", + "
  • are not a danger to public health if you have an infectious disease, such as leprosy
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying as an organ donor

    ", + "

    You can only visit the UK to donate organs to:

    ", + "
  • a family member who you\u2019re genetically related to (for example your sibling or parent)
    • ", + "
  • someone you have a close personal relationship with (for example your spouse or friend)
    • ", + "

    You must prove that the person you\u2019re donating an organ to is legally allowed to be in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for a long-term Standard Visitor visa

    ", + "

    You must prove that you\u2019ll only ever be coming to the UK to visit and that you plan to leave at the end of each visit.

    ", + "

    You may be given a visa for a shorter period than requested if you do not do this. You will not get a refund of the application fee if you get a shorter visa or your application is refused.

    ", + "

    Your visa may be cancelled if your travel history shows you are repeatedly living in the UK for extended periods.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need

    ", + "

    You must provide a passport or travel document. Your passport should be valid for the whole of your stay in the UK and contain a blank page for your visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what other documents and information to provide when you apply online.

    ", + "

    You must provide certified translations of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide the following information:

    ", + "
  • the dates you\u2019re planning to travel to the UK
    • ", + "
  • details of where you\u2019ll be staying during your visit
    • ", + "
  • how much you think your trip will cost
    • ", + "
  • your current home address and how long you\u2019ve lived there
    • ", + "
  • your parents\u2019 names and dates of birth (if known)
    • ", + "
  • how much you earn in a year (if you have an income)
    • ", + "
  • details of any criminal, civil or immigration offences you may have committed
    • ", + "

    You might also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • details of your travel history for the past 10 years
    • ", + "
  • your employer\u2019s address and telephone number
    • ", + "
  • your partner\u2019s name, date of birth, and passport number
    • ", + "
  • the name and address of anyone paying for your trip
    • ", + "
  • the name, address and passport number of any family members you have in the UK
    • ", + "

    Providing documents for certain activities

    ", + "

    You must provide specific documents if you\u2019re applying to visit the UK to:

    ", + "
  • do research as part of an overseas study course
    • ", + "
  • have private medical treatment
    • ", + "
  • be an organ donor
    • ", + "
  • take the Professional and Linguistic Assessment Board (PLAB) test or sit the Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE)
    • ", + "

    Read the full list of supporting documents for more information.

    ", + "

    If you're under 18

    ", + "

    You may visit the UK if you\u2019re under 18 and:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve made suitable arrangements for your travel and stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have written consent from your parent or guardian to travel to the UK (if travelling alone)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey
    • ", + "
  • you have enough money to support yourself without working or getting help from public funds, or you have family and friends that can support you
    • ", + "

    Travelling alone

    ", + "

    You can travel to the UK without an adult (someone over the age of 18).

    ", + "

    Your parent or guardian will need to provide their:

    ", + "
  • written consent for you to travel to the UK
    • ", + "
  • full contact details
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to provide proof that you have somewhere suitable to live during your stay in the UK, including:

    ", + "
  • the name and date of birth of the person that you will be staying with
    • ", + "
  • an address where you will be living
    • ", + "
  • details of your relationship to the person who\u2019ll be looking after you and
    • ", + "
  • their written consent for you to stay with that person while you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not staying with a close relative

    ", + "

    Your parent, guardian or school must tell the relevant local authority about your visit if you\u2019re both of the following:

    ", + "
  • under 16 (or under 18 if you have a disability)
    • ", + "
  • going to be looked after for more than 28 days by someone who is not a close relative (called \u2018private foster care\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You should provide a reply from the local authority if you have one.

    ", + "

    The same rules apply to education exchange visits that last for more than 28 days, unless:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re part of a group that is travelling and staying together, for example a school group
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re accompanied by an adult, for example a teacher
    • ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland. Read the guidance for more information.

    ", + "

    Travelling with an adult

    ", + "

    When travelling to the UK with an adult (someone over the age of 18), you\u2019ll need to identify them in your visa application.

    ", + "

    If the person you\u2019re travelling with is not your parent, you\u2019ll need to provide specific information about them in your application.

    ", + "

    You can identify up to 2 adults in your visa application. Their names will appear on your visa.

    ", + "

    The adult can apply for a visa at the same time, but you must each complete separate applications.

    ", + "

    If you arrive in the UK without the person named in your visa, you\u2019ll need to show that your parent or guardian consents to your travel and accommodation arrangements.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you need a visa, you must apply online before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    Check what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.

    ", + "

    Allow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Standard Visitor visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Apply with family members

    ", + "

    Each family member must make their own application and pay the fee.

    ", + "

    You can apply on behalf of your partner and child, if they cannot apply for themselves.

    ", + "

    They must attend their own appointment at a visa application centre.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.

    ", + "

    Extend your stay

    ", + "

    You may be able to extend your stay as long as the total time you spend in the UK as a visitor is no more than 6 months.

    ", + "

    For example if you have been in the UK as a visitor for 3 months, you can apply to extend your stay for 3 more months.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to find out if you can extend your visit.

    ", + "

    You must apply while you\u2019re still in the UK and before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    If you want to extend your stay for longer than 6 months

    ", + "

    You can only apply to extend your stay as a visitor for over 6 months if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a patient receiving medical treatment
    • ", + "
  • an academic and you still meet the eligibility requirements
    • ", + "
  • a graduate doing a clinical attachment or retaking the Professional and Linguistic Assessment Board (PLAB) test
    • ", + "

    If you did not need a visa for the first 6 months of your visit, you\u2019ll need to apply for permission to stay longer and pay the fee.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re receiving private medical treatment in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay for a further 6 months if you:

    ", + "
  • have paid for any treatment you\u2019ve already had in the UK
    • ", + "
  • can and will pay the further costs of your treatment
    • ", + "
  • continue to meet the eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You must also get a medical practitioner or NHS consultant who\u2019s registered in the UK to provide:

    ", + "
  • proof of arrangements for your private medical consultation or treatment
    • ", + "
  • a letter saying how long your treatment is likely to take
    • ", + "
  • details of the progress of your treatment, if it\u2019s already started
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an academic

    ", + "

    If you want to extend your stay as an academic visiting the UK, you must prove you:

    ", + "
  • are highly qualified in your field of expertise, for example you have a PhD or higher
    • ", + "
  • were working in that field of expertise at an academic institution overseas prior to your arrival in the UK
    • ", + "
  • are visiting for a formal exchange or to carry out research
    • ", + "
  • are not filling a permanent teaching post
    • ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 12 months in total.

    ", + "

    Before you extend your stay, check if you need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate. You may need one if you\u2019re researching certain subjects at postgraduate level or above.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re retaking the PLAB test

    ", + "

    You can extend your stay in the UK to retake the PLAB test.

    ", + "

    You must provide written confirmation from the General Medical Council that you are sitting the test.

    ", + "

    You can stay up to 6 months to retake the test.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve passed the PLAB test and want to do a clinical attachment

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re successful in the PLAB test, you can apply to extend your stay to do an unpaid clinical attachment. You must not treat patients.

    ", + "

    You must provide written confirmation of your clinical attachment offer and confirm you\u2019ve not done one in the UK before.

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 18 months in total.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your stay as a visitor

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3993 to extend this visa
    • ", + "
  • an extra \u00a3800 if you use the super priority service
    • ", + "

    You must also pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    A decision will usually be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/marriage-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marriage-visa", + "title": "Marriage Visitor visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must apply for a Marriage Visitor visa if:\n\n- you want to get married or register a civil partnership in the UK\n\n- you want to give notice of a marriage or civil partnership in UK\n\n- you\u2019re not planning to stay or settle in the UK after your marriage or civil partnership\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou do not need a Marriage Visitor visa to convert your civil partnership into a marriage - you can apply for a Standard Visitor visa.\n\nYou cannot apply if you qualify for British citizenship - including if you can have dual nationality. You must apply for British citizenship instead.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nYou will not need a Marriage Visitor visa if you come to the UK on or before 30 June 2021.\n\nIf you come to the UK from 1 July 2021 you\u2019ll need to apply for a visa, unless one of the following applies:\n\n- you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- you have applied to the EU Settlement Scheme, and you have not got a decision yet\n\n- you\u2019re an Irish citizen\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of your arrival - you must use a venue licensed for this purpose\n\n- pass through the UK in transit (on your way to another country)\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds (benefits)\n\n- bring in family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) - they must apply separately\n\n- live in the UK for extended periods through frequent visits\n\n- extend your visa or switch to another visa\n\n- work - except for permitted activities related to your work or business overseas, such as attending meetings\n\n- study\n\nRead the guidance for more information about what you can and cannot do with a Marriage Visitor visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can use this visa to visit the UK for up to 6 months.\n\n## When to apply and how long it takes\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you come to the UK.\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your \napplication.\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a395 to apply.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must prove that:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019re free to give notice of marriage, to marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of your arrival\n\n- you\u2019re in a genuine relationship\n\n- you\u2019re visiting the UK for less than 6 months\n\n- you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit\n\n- you\u2019ll not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home\n\n- you\u2019re able to support yourself during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)\n\n- you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)\n\n- you have proof of any other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules\n\n## Documents you'll need\n\nYou must provide a passport or travel document. Your passport should be valid for the whole of your stay in the UK and contain a blank page for your visa.\n\nYou can supply the following to support your application:\n\n- details of the marriage or civil partnership and proof that you\u2019ve paid money for some of its costs\n\n- proof that you\u2019re planning to get married in the UK, for example a booking confirmation or emails between you and the venue\n\nSee the full list of documents you can provide to prove your eligibility.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been married before\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show proof that you\u2019re free to marry or enter into a civil partnership again, for example a:\n\n- decree absolute\n\n- death certificate of a previous partner\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you travel to the UK.\n\nCheck what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, you will not need a Marriage Visitor visa if you come to the UK on or before 30 June 2021.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\n## Apply for a Marriage Visitor visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Apply with family members\n\nYour partner must apply for their own Marriage Visitor visa and pay the fee if you both need one. Your child will need to apply as a standard visitor if they need a visa.\n\nYou can apply on behalf of your partner and child, if they cannot apply for themselves.\n\nThey must attend their own appointment at a visa application centre.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must apply for a Marriage Visitor visa if:

    ", + "
  • you want to get married or register a civil partnership in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you want to give notice of a marriage or civil partnership in UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not planning to stay or settle in the UK after your marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You do not need a Marriage Visitor visa to convert your civil partnership into a marriage - you can apply for a Standard Visitor visa.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply if you qualify for British citizenship - including if you can have dual nationality. You must apply for British citizenship instead.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    You will not need a Marriage Visitor visa if you come to the UK on or before 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    If you come to the UK from 1 July 2021 you\u2019ll need to apply for a visa, unless one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • you have applied to the EU Settlement Scheme, and you have not got a decision yet
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re an Irish citizen
    • ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of your arrival - you must use a venue licensed for this purpose
    • ", + "
  • pass through the UK in transit (on your way to another country)
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • get public funds (benefits)
    • ", + "
  • bring in family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) - they must apply separately
    • ", + "
  • live in the UK for extended periods through frequent visits
    • ", + "
  • extend your visa or switch to another visa
    • ", + "
  • work - except for permitted activities related to your work or business overseas, such as attending meetings
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance for more information about what you can and cannot do with a Marriage Visitor visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can use this visa to visit the UK for up to 6 months.

    ", + "

    When to apply and how long it takes

    ", + "

    If you need a visa, you must apply online before you come to the UK.

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    Allow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your \napplication.

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a395 to apply.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must prove that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re free to give notice of marriage, to marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of your arrival
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a genuine relationship
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re visiting the UK for less than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to support yourself during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)
    • ", + "
  • you have proof of any other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules
    • ", + "

    Documents you'll need

    ", + "

    You must provide a passport or travel document. Your passport should be valid for the whole of your stay in the UK and contain a blank page for your visa.

    ", + "

    You can supply the following to support your application:

    ", + "
  • details of the marriage or civil partnership and proof that you\u2019ve paid money for some of its costs
    • ", + "
  • proof that you\u2019re planning to get married in the UK, for example a booking confirmation or emails between you and the venue
    • ", + "

    See the full list of documents you can provide to prove your eligibility.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been married before

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show proof that you\u2019re free to marry or enter into a civil partnership again, for example a:

    ", + "
  • decree absolute
    • ", + "
  • death certificate of a previous partner
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you need a visa, you must apply online before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    Check what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, you will not need a Marriage Visitor visa if you come to the UK on or before 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.

    ", + "

    Allow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Marriage Visitor visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Apply with family members

    ", + "

    Your partner must apply for their own Marriage Visitor visa and pay the fee if you both need one. Your child will need to apply as a standard visitor if they need a visa.

    ", + "

    You can apply on behalf of your partner and child, if they cannot apply for themselves.

    ", + "

    They must attend their own appointment at a visa application centre.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa", + "title": "Permitted Paid Engagement visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be able to visit the UK for a paid engagement if you\u2019ve been invited as an expert in your profession.\n\nYou can apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa if you:\n\n- are invited by a UK-based organisation or client\n\n- want to come to the UK to do specific paid work without having to be sponsored under the points-based visa system\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality.\n\nCheck if you need to apply for a UK visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can be invited by a UK-based organisation or client to:\n\n- be a student examiner or assessor\n\n- take part in selection panels as a highly qualified academic if you\u2019re invited by an education, arts or research organisation\n\n- give lectures at a higher education institution, as long as it\u2019s not a part-time or full-time role\n\n- examine UK-based pilots so they meet the standards of the country you come from if you\u2019re invited by an approved UK training organisation regulated by the UK Civil Aviation Authority\n\n- provide advocacy in a particular area of law\n\n- take part in arts, entertainment or sporting activities including broadcasting\n\n- take part in fashion modelling assignments\n\nYou can also do minor activities related to your work or business overseas, such as attend meetings.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- do paid work unrelated to your main job or area of expertise at home, other than what\u2019s allowed by your visa\n\n- extend this visa or switch to another visa\n\n- live in the UK for extended periods\n\n- get public funds (benefits)\n\n- study\n\n- marry or register a civil partnership, or give notice of marriage or civil partnership\n\n- bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you on your application - they must apply separately\n\nRead the guidance for more information about what you can and cannot do with a Permitted Paid Engagement visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 1 month.\n\n## When to apply and how long it takes\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you come to the UK.\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your \napplication.\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\n## Fees\n\nA Permitted Paid Engagement visa costs \u00a395.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must show that:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019re visiting the UK for no more than 1 month\n\n- you\u2019ve been formally invited and paid by a UK-based organisation to attend an event or other permitted engagement\n\n- you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit\n\n- you will not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home\n\n- you\u2019re able to support yourself during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)\n\n- you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)\n\n- you have proof of any business or other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules\n\n## Documents you'll need\n\nWhen you apply you must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel document - your passport must have a blank page for your visa\n\n- a formal invitation from the UK-based organisation or client you\u2019ll be paid by\n\n- proof that the paid engagement relates to your expertise, qualifications and main job in your home country, for example a letter from your employer\n\nSee the full list of documents you can provide to prove your eligibility.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\n## Additional documents\n\nYou must provide extra documents if you\u2019re an established arts, entertainment or sporting professional. You can provide any of the following:\n\n- publications\n\n- publicity material\n\n- proof of awards\n\n- media coverage and reviews\n\n- proof of recent performances\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you travel to the UK.\n\nCheck what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\n## Apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Apply with family members\n\nEach family member must make their own application and pay the fee.\n\nYou can apply on behalf of your partner and child, if they cannot apply for themselves.\n\nThey must attend their own appointment at a visa application centre.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to visit the UK for a paid engagement if you\u2019ve been invited as an expert in your profession.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa if you:

    ", + "
  • are invited by a UK-based organisation or client
    • ", + "
  • want to come to the UK to do specific paid work without having to be sponsored under the points-based visa system
    • ", + "
  • meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality.

    ", + "

    Check if you need to apply for a UK visa.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can be invited by a UK-based organisation or client to:

    ", + "
  • be a student examiner or assessor
    • ", + "
  • take part in selection panels as a highly qualified academic if you\u2019re invited by an education, arts or research organisation
    • ", + "
  • give lectures at a higher education institution, as long as it\u2019s not a part-time or full-time role
    • ", + "
  • examine UK-based pilots so they meet the standards of the country you come from if you\u2019re invited by an approved UK training organisation regulated by the UK Civil Aviation Authority
    • ", + "
  • provide advocacy in a particular area of law
    • ", + "
  • take part in arts, entertainment or sporting activities including broadcasting
    • ", + "
  • take part in fashion modelling assignments
    • ", + "

    You can also do minor activities related to your work or business overseas, such as attend meetings.

    ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • do paid work unrelated to your main job or area of expertise at home, other than what\u2019s allowed by your visa
    • ", + "
  • extend this visa or switch to another visa
    • ", + "
  • live in the UK for extended periods
    • ", + "
  • get public funds (benefits)
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • marry or register a civil partnership, or give notice of marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you on your application - they must apply separately
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance for more information about what you can and cannot do with a Permitted Paid Engagement visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 1 month.

    ", + "

    When to apply and how long it takes

    ", + "

    If you need a visa, you must apply online before you come to the UK.

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    Allow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your \napplication.

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    A Permitted Paid Engagement visa costs \u00a395.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must show that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re visiting the UK for no more than 1 month
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been formally invited and paid by a UK-based organisation to attend an event or other permitted engagement
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit
    • ", + "
  • you will not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to support yourself during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)
    • ", + "
  • you have proof of any business or other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules
    • ", + "

    Documents you'll need

    ", + "

    When you apply you must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel document - your passport must have a blank page for your visa
    • ", + "
  • a formal invitation from the UK-based organisation or client you\u2019ll be paid by
    • ", + "
  • proof that the paid engagement relates to your expertise, qualifications and main job in your home country, for example a letter from your employer
    • ", + "

    See the full list of documents you can provide to prove your eligibility.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Additional documents

    ", + "

    You must provide extra documents if you\u2019re an established arts, entertainment or sporting professional. You can provide any of the following:

    ", + "
  • publications
    • ", + "
  • publicity material
    • ", + "
  • proof of awards
    • ", + "
  • media coverage and reviews
    • ", + "
  • proof of recent performances
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you need a visa, you must apply online before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    Check what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.

    ", + "

    Allow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Apply with family members

    ", + "

    Each family member must make their own application and pay the fee.

    ", + "

    You can apply on behalf of your partner and child, if they cannot apply for themselves.

    ", + "

    They must attend their own appointment at a visa application centre.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "title": "Parent of a Child Student visa", + "content": "## Who can apply\n\nYou can only apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa if your child has or is applying for a Child Student visa. Or if they currently have a Tier 4 (Child) visa.\n\nYour child must be aged between 4 and 11 when you apply, and be attending an independent school in the UK.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK\n\n- have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK\n\n- maintain your main home outside the UK\n\n- plan to leave the UK when your visa expires\n\n## Bringing family members with you\n\nTo be eligible for a Parent of a Child Student visa you must be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK. The child\u2019s other parent must live abroad, and cannot apply to join you in the UK.\n\nYou can bring your other children with you if they also have or are applying for a Child Student visa.\n\nYou cannot bring other family members with you on this visa. They may be able to apply to come to the UK on a short-term visit visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to come to the UK for more than 6 months. The earliest your Parent of a Child Student visa will start from is 1 January 2021.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK until your child\u2019s visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.\n\nYou can extend your visa while in the UK as long as you meet the eligibility requirements.\n\n## If you leave the UK\n\nIf your child is staying in education in the UK without you, you must make arrangements for their ongoing care. For example, if your child turns 12 and their visa is still valid, they may be able to start boarding at their current school, or live with other family members in the UK.\n\n## What you cannot do\n\nWhile you\u2019re in the UK on a Parent of a Child Student visa, you cannot:\n\n- do paid work\n\n- study\n\n- start a business\n\n- make the UK your main home\n\n- apply for benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- bring other family members with you\n\n- switch to a different type of visa\n\n## Money you need\n\nWhen you apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa, you must:\n\n- pay the application fee\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay\n\n- prove that you have enough money to support yourself and your child while you\u2019re in the UK\n\n## Visa application fee\n\nA Parent of a Child Student visa costs \u00a3516.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online application. It usually costs \u00a3624 per year.\n\nThis is so you can use the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll need to pay before you apply.\n\nYou pay the surcharge as part of your online visa application.\n\n## Money to support yourself and your child\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that you have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need \u00a31,560 for each month of your stay up to a maximum of 9 months. This amount is to support both you and your child.\n\nFor example, if you\u2019re staying for 9 months or longer you\u2019ll need to prove you have \u00a314,040 (9 months \u00d7 \u00a31,560).\n\n## If you want to bring your other children\n\nYou\u2019ll need an extra \u00a3625 per month, up to a maximum of 9 months, for each additional child that accompanies you to the UK. They must be a sibling of your other child and also have a Child Student visa.\n\n## If you\u2019re extending your visa\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa, you do not need to prove you have money to support yourself and your child for your visa application.\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel document\n\n- proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa\n\n- evidence that you have a permanent home outside the UK\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test\n\n- a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Parent of a Child Student visa before you travel to the UK.\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 6 months before you travel to the UK.\n\nCheck what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Apply online\n\nAs part of your online application, you will need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply online\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa while in the UK as long as you and your child meet the eligibility requirements. This includes if your child currently has a Tier 4 (Child) student visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nWhen you extend your visa you can stay in the UK until the date your child\u2019s student visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.\n\n## When to apply to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you get a decision on your visa application.\n\n## Apply to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point. At the appointment you must provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo). It costs \u00a319.20.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply to extend\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 8 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\nIf you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa if your child has or is applying for a Child Student visa. Or if they currently have a Tier 4 (Child) visa.

    ", + "

    Your child must be aged between 4 and 11 when you apply, and be attending an independent school in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK
    • ", + "
  • maintain your main home outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • plan to leave the UK when your visa expires
    • ", + "

    Bringing family members with you

    ", + "

    To be eligible for a Parent of a Child Student visa you must be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK. The child\u2019s other parent must live abroad, and cannot apply to join you in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can bring your other children with you if they also have or are applying for a Child Student visa.

    ", + "

    You cannot bring other family members with you on this visa. They may be able to apply to come to the UK on a short-term visit visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to come to the UK for more than 6 months. The earliest your Parent of a Child Student visa will start from is 1 January 2021.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until your child\u2019s visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.

    ", + "

    You can extend your visa while in the UK as long as you meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    If you leave the UK

    ", + "

    If your child is staying in education in the UK without you, you must make arrangements for their ongoing care. For example, if your child turns 12 and their visa is still valid, they may be able to start boarding at their current school, or live with other family members in the UK.

    ", + "

    What you cannot do

    ", + "

    While you\u2019re in the UK on a Parent of a Child Student visa, you cannot:

    ", + "
  • do paid work
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • start a business
    • ", + "
  • make the UK your main home
    • ", + "
  • apply for benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • bring other family members with you
    • ", + "
  • switch to a different type of visa
    • ", + "

    Money you need

    ", + "

    When you apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa, you must:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee
    • ", + "
  • pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay
    • ", + "
  • prove that you have enough money to support yourself and your child while you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "

    Visa application fee

    ", + "

    A Parent of a Child Student visa costs \u00a3516.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online application. It usually costs \u00a3624 per year.

    ", + "

    This is so you can use the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll need to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    You pay the surcharge as part of your online visa application.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself and your child

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that you have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need \u00a31,560 for each month of your stay up to a maximum of 9 months. This amount is to support both you and your child.

    ", + "

    For example, if you\u2019re staying for 9 months or longer you\u2019ll need to prove you have \u00a314,040 (9 months \u00d7 \u00a31,560).

    ", + "

    If you want to bring your other children

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need an extra \u00a3625 per month, up to a maximum of 9 months, for each additional child that accompanies you to the UK. They must be a sibling of your other child and also have a Child Student visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re extending your visa

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa, you do not need to prove you have money to support yourself and your child for your visa application.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel document
    • ", + "
  • proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have a permanent home outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test
    • ", + "
  • a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh
    • ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Parent of a Child Student visa before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 6 months before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    Check what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you will need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    After you get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Find out what happens after you get your decision.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa while in the UK as long as you and your child meet the eligibility requirements. This includes if your child currently has a Tier 4 (Child) student visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    When you extend your visa you can stay in the UK until the date your child\u2019s student visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.

    ", + "

    When to apply to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until you get a decision on your visa application.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point. At the appointment you must provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo). It costs \u00a319.20.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    After you get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Find out what happens after you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/transit-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transit-visa", + "title": "Visa to pass through the UK in transit", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou might need a visa to pass through the UK in transit (on your way to another country).\n\nCheck if you need one before you apply.\n\nTo get a transit visa you must prove that:\n\n- you\u2019ll be in transit to another country, with enough funds and the intention to travel on\n\n- you can enter that country\n\n- the only purpose of your visit to the UK is transit\n\nYou do not need a transit visa if you:\n\n- have an EEA family permit\n\n- have an EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- have a Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person\n\n- have a Standard Visitor visa\n\n- have a Marriage Visitor visa\n\n## Types of transit visa\n\nThe visa you need depends on whether you\u2019re going through UK border control when you arrive in the UK.\n\nYour airline can tell you if you\u2019ll go through border control.\n\n## You\u2019re not going through UK border control\n\nApply for a Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) if you\u2019ll be changing flights in the UK and will not be going through UK border control.\n\n## You\u2019re going through UK border control\n\nApply for a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019ll be going through UK border control but leaving the UK within 48 hours.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa if:\n\n- you need to stay longer in the UK\n\n- you can prove you need to frequently pass through the UK over a longer period\n\n## Fees\n\n- Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) - \u00a335\n\n- Visitor in Transit visa - \u00a364\n\nThe cost may vary slightly depending on which country you\u2019re in.\n\n## Direct Airside Transit visa\n\nYou might need a Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) if you:\n\n- will be changing flights in the UK on your way to another country\n\n- will not go through UK border control\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and whether you need to enter the UK. Check if you need to apply for a visa.\n\nYou do not need one if you have a valid:\n\n- EEA family permit\n\n- EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person\n\n- Standard Visitor visa\n\n- Marriage Visitor visa\n\nYou must apply for another type of visitor visa if you\u2019re travelling to or from Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.\n\n## Documents you need\n\nTo apply for a DATV, you must have a current passport or other valid travel document.\n\nYou need to provide evidence that you\u2019re allowed to enter the country you\u2019re travelling to, such as a:\n\n- residence permit\n\n- green card\n\n- valid visa\n\nIf you\u2019re not a resident or national of the country you\u2019re travelling to, you may need to explain why you\u2019re going there. You may need to provide details of where you\u2019re staying.\n\nYou must also provide evidence that your onward journey is booked or confirmed, such as:\n\n- a flight booking email\n\n- printed tickets\n\n- confirmation from a travel agent\n\nBring your visa and documents with you when you travel through the UK.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online for a Direct Airside Transit visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nYou may be able to get your visa faster or other services depending on what country you\u2019re in - check with your visa application centre.\n\nApply now\n\n## Visitor in Transit visa\n\nYou might need a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- changing flights in the UK on your way to another country\n\n- going through UK border control, for example to check in your luggage for a connecting flight\n\n- leaving the UK within 48 hours\n\n- not working or studying while in the UK\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and whether you need to enter the UK. Check if you need to apply for a visa.\n\nIf you will not be going through UK border control, check if you need a Direct Airside Transit visa instead.\n\nYou do not need a transit visa if you have a valid:\n\n- EEA family permit\n\n- EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person\n\n- Standard Visitor visa\n\n- Marriage Visitor visa\n\nYou need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa if you\u2019re staying in the UK for more than 48 hours.\n\n## Travel to the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland\n\nYou might need to apply for a visitor visa to travel through the UK to get to the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa unless you\u2019re exempt.\n\nYou do not need a UK visitor visa if:\n\n- you have a valid visa for the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man\n\n- you have a valid Irish biometric visa (marked \u2018BC\u2019 or \u2018BC BIVS\u2019 in the \u2018Remarks\u2019 section)\n\n## If you need to pass through the UK regularly\n\nYou can also apply for a long-term Standard Visitor visa if you need to pass through the UK in transit regularly over a longer period. You can stay for a maximum of 6 months on each visit and your visa can last for 2, 5 or 10 years.\n\n## Documents you need\n\nTo apply for a Visitor in Transit visa, you must have a current passport or other valid travel document.\n\nYou need to provide evidence that you\u2019re allowed to enter the country you\u2019re travelling to, such as a:\n\n- residence permit\n\n- green card\n\n- valid visa\n\nIf you\u2019re not a resident or national of the country you\u2019re travelling to, you may need to explain why you\u2019re going there. You may need to provide details of where you\u2019re staying.\n\nYou must also provide evidence that your onward journey is booked or confirmed, such as:\n\n- a flight booking email\n\n- printed tickets\n\n- confirmation from a travel agent\n\nYour onward flight must be within 48 hours of your arrival in the UK.\n\nBring your visa and documents with you when you travel through the UK.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online for a Visitor in Transit visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nYou may be able to get your visa faster or other services depending on what country you\u2019re in - check with your visa application centre.\n\nApply now", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might need a visa to pass through the UK in transit (on your way to another country).

    ", + "

    Check if you need one before you apply.

    ", + "

    To get a transit visa you must prove that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be in transit to another country, with enough funds and the intention to travel on
    • ", + "
  • you can enter that country
    • ", + "
  • the only purpose of your visit to the UK is transit
    • ", + "

    You do not need a transit visa if you:

    ", + "
  • have an EEA family permit
    • ", + "
  • have an EU Settlement Scheme family permit
    • ", + "
  • have a Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person
    • ", + "
  • have a Standard Visitor visa
    • ", + "
  • have a Marriage Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    Types of transit visa

    ", + "

    The visa you need depends on whether you\u2019re going through UK border control when you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your airline can tell you if you\u2019ll go through border control.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not going through UK border control

    ", + "

    Apply for a Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) if you\u2019ll be changing flights in the UK and will not be going through UK border control.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re going through UK border control

    ", + "

    Apply for a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019ll be going through UK border control but leaving the UK within 48 hours.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa if:

    ", + "
  • you need to stay longer in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you can prove you need to frequently pass through the UK over a longer period
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "
  • Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) - \u00a335
    • ", + "
  • Visitor in Transit visa - \u00a364
    • ", + "

    The cost may vary slightly depending on which country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    Direct Airside Transit visa

    ", + "

    You might need a Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) if you:

    ", + "
  • will be changing flights in the UK on your way to another country
    • ", + "
  • will not go through UK border control
    • ", + "

    You may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and whether you need to enter the UK. Check if you need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    You do not need one if you have a valid:

    ", + "
  • EEA family permit
    • ", + "
  • EU Settlement Scheme family permit
    • ", + "
  • Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person
    • ", + "
  • Standard Visitor visa
    • ", + "
  • Marriage Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    You must apply for another type of visitor visa if you\u2019re travelling to or from Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.

    ", + "

    Documents you need

    ", + "

    To apply for a DATV, you must have a current passport or other valid travel document.

    ", + "

    You need to provide evidence that you\u2019re allowed to enter the country you\u2019re travelling to, such as a:

    ", + "
  • residence permit
    • ", + "
  • green card
    • ", + "
  • valid visa
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a resident or national of the country you\u2019re travelling to, you may need to explain why you\u2019re going there. You may need to provide details of where you\u2019re staying.

    ", + "

    You must also provide evidence that your onward journey is booked or confirmed, such as:

    ", + "
  • a flight booking email
    • ", + "
  • printed tickets
    • ", + "
  • confirmation from a travel agent
    • ", + "

    Bring your visa and documents with you when you travel through the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Direct Airside Transit visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get your visa faster or other services depending on what country you\u2019re in - check with your visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Visitor in Transit visa

    ", + "

    You might need a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • changing flights in the UK on your way to another country
    • ", + "
  • going through UK border control, for example to check in your luggage for a connecting flight
    • ", + "
  • leaving the UK within 48 hours
    • ", + "
  • not working or studying while in the UK
    • ", + "

    You may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and whether you need to enter the UK. Check if you need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    If you will not be going through UK border control, check if you need a Direct Airside Transit visa instead.

    ", + "

    You do not need a transit visa if you have a valid:

    ", + "
  • EEA family permit
    • ", + "
  • EU Settlement Scheme family permit
    • ", + "
  • Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person
    • ", + "
  • Standard Visitor visa
    • ", + "
  • Marriage Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    You need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa if you\u2019re staying in the UK for more than 48 hours.

    ", + "

    Travel to the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland

    ", + "

    You might need to apply for a visitor visa to travel through the UK to get to the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa unless you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    You do not need a UK visitor visa if:

    ", + "
  • you have a valid visa for the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man
    • ", + "
  • you have a valid Irish biometric visa (marked \u2018BC\u2019 or \u2018BC BIVS\u2019 in the \u2018Remarks\u2019 section)
    • ", + "

    If you need to pass through the UK regularly

    ", + "

    You can also apply for a long-term Standard Visitor visa if you need to pass through the UK in transit regularly over a longer period. You can stay for a maximum of 6 months on each visit and your visa can last for 2, 5 or 10 years.

    ", + "

    Documents you need

    ", + "

    To apply for a Visitor in Transit visa, you must have a current passport or other valid travel document.

    ", + "

    You need to provide evidence that you\u2019re allowed to enter the country you\u2019re travelling to, such as a:

    ", + "
  • residence permit
    • ", + "
  • green card
    • ", + "
  • valid visa
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not a resident or national of the country you\u2019re travelling to, you may need to explain why you\u2019re going there. You may need to provide details of where you\u2019re staying.

    ", + "

    You must also provide evidence that your onward journey is booked or confirmed, such as:

    ", + "
  • a flight booking email
    • ", + "
  • printed tickets
    • ", + "
  • confirmation from a travel agent
    • ", + "

    Your onward flight must be within 48 hours of your arrival in the UK.

    ", + "

    Bring your visa and documents with you when you travel through the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Visitor in Transit visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get your visa faster or other services depending on what country you\u2019re in - check with your visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/skilled-worker-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/skilled-worker-visa", + "title": "Skilled Worker visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA Skilled Worker visa allows you to come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job with an approved employer.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 2 (General) work visa.\n\nSome\u00a0health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## Your job\n\nTo qualify for a Skilled Worker visa, you must:\n\n- work for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office\n\n- have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK\n\n- do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations\n\n- be paid a minimum salary - how much depends on the type of work you do\n\nThe specific eligibility depends on your job.\n\nYou must have a confirmed job offer before you apply for your visa.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou must be able to speak, read, write and understand English. You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of English when you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible for a Skilled Worker visa\n\nYou may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYour visa can last for up to 5 years before you need to extend it. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or update your visa when it expires or if you change jobs or employer.\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nAfter 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and extending your current visa\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nIf you want to change your job or employer, you must apply to update your visa.\n\nYou can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you are due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:\n\n- 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\nIf you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nYou, your partner or children will each need to:\n\n- pay the application fee\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay\n\n- prove you have enough personal savings\n\nCheck how much money you\u2019ll need.\n\n## If you work in public sector healthcare\n\nIf you\u2019re a doctor or nurse, or you work in health or adult social care, check if you\u2019re eligible to apply for the Health and Care Worker visa instead. It\u2019s cheaper to apply for and you do not need to pay the annual immigration health surcharge.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith a Skilled Worker visa you can:\n\n- work in an eligible job\n\n- study\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\n- take on additional work in certain circumstances\n\n- do voluntary work\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- change jobs or employer unless you apply to update your visa\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Skilled Worker visa.\n\n## Your job\n\nYou must meet all of the following requirements to be eligible for a Skilled Worker visa:\n\n- your job is eligible for this visa\n\n- you\u2019ll be working for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office\n\n- you\u2019ll be paid at least the minimum salary for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing\n\nThe minimum salary for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing is whichever is the highest out of the following 3 options:\n\n- \u00a325,600 per year\n\n- \u00a310.10 per hour\n\n- the \u2018going rate\u2019 for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing\n\n## Check if your job is eligible\n\nBefore you can find out if your job is eligible, you need to know its 4-digit occupation code.\n\nIf you already have a job offer, ask your employer for your occupation code.\n\n## Look up your job\u2019s occupation code\n\nIf you do not know your code, you can search for your job in the ONS occupation coding tool.\n\nNot every job title is included. If you cannot find your exact job title, try searching for similar jobs.\n\nMake sure the job description matches what you\u2019ll be doing. Some similar jobs have different codes, for example chefs and cooks. Chefs are eligible for a Skilled Worker visa, but cooks are not.\n\n## Check if an occupation code is eligible for this visa\n\nWhen you know your occupation code, view the table of eligible jobs to see if it\u2019s included.\n\nThe table is very large. It\u2019s sorted in order of occupation code, with the smallest numbers at the top. You may be able to use your web browser to search for your code on the page.\n\n## Salary requirements\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a325,600 per year or \u00a310.10 per hour, whichever is higher. If the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than both of these, you\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least the going rate.\n\nEach occupation code has its own annual going rate. Check the going rate for your job in the going rates table.\n\n## If you work in healthcare or education\n\nThere are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs, where the going rate is based on national pay scales.\n\n## When you can be paid less\n\nIf you do not meet the usual salary requirements, and you do not work in healthcare or education, you might still be eligible if your salary will be at least \u00a320,480 per year and at least \u00a310.10 per hour.\n\nCheck when you can be paid less.\n\n## Approved UK employers\n\nYou must have a job offer from an approved UK employer before you apply for a Skilled Worker visa. Approved employers are also known as sponsors, because they are sponsoring you to come to or stay in the UK.\n\nView the list of approved UK employers.\n\nIf your employer is not currently approved, they can apply for a sponsor licence if they\u2019re eligible.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to pay a fee - \u00a3536 for small businesses and charities or \u00a31,476 for medium and large organisations. It usually takes around 8 weeks to process a licence application.\n\n## If you already have a job offer from an approved employer\n\nYour employer - also known as your sponsor - will check that you meet the eligibility requirements. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 to prove this.\n\nThe certificate of sponsorship is an electronic record, not a physical document. It will have a reference number, which you\u2019ll need for your visa application.\n\nYou must apply for your visa within 3 months of getting your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## When you can be paid less\n\nYou might still be able to apply for a Skilled Worker visa if your job is eligible but your salary is less than \u00a325,600 or your job\u2019s usual \u2018going rate\u2019. You must still be paid at least \u00a310.10 per hour.\n\nYou can be paid between 70% and 90% of the usual going rate for your job if your salary is at least \u00a320,480 per year and you meet one of the following criteria:\n\n- your job is in a shortage occupation\n\n- you\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training\n\n- you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job (if you have a relevant PhD level qualification in any other subject your salary must be at least \u00a323,040)\n\n- you have a postdoctoral position in science or higher education\n\nThere are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs.\n\n## Your job is in a shortage occupation\n\nA \u2018shortage occupation\u2019 is a skilled job where there is a shortage of workers in the UK.\n\nIf your job is on the shortage occupation list, you can:\n\n- be paid 80% of the job\u2019s usual going rate\n\n- pay a lower fee for your visa\n\nView the shortage occupations list to see if your job is included and how much you\u2019ll need to be paid.\n\nMake sure you check there\u2019s a shortage in the part of the UK you\u2019ll be working in - England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## You\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training\n\nYou can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re under 26 on the date you apply\n\n- you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Student visa studying at bachelor\u2019s degree level or above - or you have been in the last 2 years, and a Student or visit visa was your most recent visa\n\n- you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Graduate Entrepreneur visa\n\n- you\u2019ll be working towards a recognised qualification in a UK regulated profession\n\n- you\u2019ll be working towards full registration or chartered status in the job you\u2019re being sponsored for\n\nIf this applies to you, check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.\n\nYour total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply for one of these reasons. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.\n\n## You have a PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job\n\nIf your job is eligible for a PhD salary discount, you can be paid 80% or 90% of the job\u2019s usual going rate, depending on which subject you are qualified in.\n\nIf you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) qualification, you can be paid 80% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still be paid at least \u00a320,480 per year.\n\nIf you have a non-STEM qualification, you can be paid 90% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still be paid at least \u00a323,040 a year.\n\nIn both situations, you must:\n\n- have a UK PhD or an equivalent doctorate-level overseas qualification - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to check if an overseas qualification is equivalent to a UK PhD\n\n- be able to prove your qualification is relevant to the job you\u2019ll be doing in the UK - your employer can confirm this\n\nView the list of jobs that qualify for a PhD salary discount to see if your job is included and how much you need to be paid.\n\nIf you\u2019re a research or academic leader, you may also be eligible to apply for the Global Talent visa. This visa has no language or minimum salary requirements.\n\n## You have a postdoctoral position in science or higher education\n\nYou can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if you\u2019ll be working in a postdoctoral position in certain science or higher education roles.\n\nYour job must be in one of the following occupation codes to qualify for this salary discount:\n\n- 2111: chemical scientists\n\n- 2112: biological scientists and biochemists\n\n- 2113: physical scientists\n\n- 2114: social and humanities scientists\n\n- 2119: natural and social science professionals that are \u2018not elsewhere classified\u2019, such as research fellows and sports scientists\n\n- 2311: higher education teaching professionals\n\nIf this applies to you, check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.\n\nYour total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply to work in a postdoctoral position at 70% of the usual going rate. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.\n\n## If you work in healthcare or education\n\nThere are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs. Your salary must be at least \u00a320,480 - or more if your job\u2019s \u2018going rate\u2019 is higher.\n\nThe going rates for these jobs are based on the national pay scales set by the relevant independent body, for example the NHS.\n\nView the list of eligible healthcare and education jobs to see if your job is included.\n\n## National pay scales tables\n\nIf your job is on the list, your salary must be at least the national pay scale rate for the job you\u2019ll be doing.\n\nThese going rates apply whether you\u2019ll be working in the public or private sector.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll need to be paid in the:\n\n- table of national pay scales for eligible healthcare jobs - listed by NHS pay band and area of the UK\n\n- table of national pay scales for eligible teaching and education leadership jobs - listed by role and area of the UK\n\nAsk your employer if you\u2019re not sure what your role or pay band will be.\n\n## If your job is on the shortage occupation list\n\nYou and your family will pay a lower application fee if your job is in a shortage occupation.\n\nView the list of healthcare and education shortage occupations to see if your job is included.\n\nMake sure you check there\u2019s a shortage in the part of the UK you\u2019ll be working in - England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nIf your job is on the list, the reduced fee for each person applying is:\n\n- \u00a3464 if you\u2019re staying for up to 3 years\n\n- \u00a3928 if you\u2019re staying for more than 3 years\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay the healthcare surcharge and prove you can support yourself in the UK - check how much money you\u2019ll need.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.\n\n## Level of English\n\nYou must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to at least level B1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by:\n\n- passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider\n\n- having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English, gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18\n\n- having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) for confirmation that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\n## Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## If you\u2019re a doctor, dentist, nurse, midwife or vet\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019ve already passed an English Language assessment that is accepted by the relevant regulated professional body.\n\nIf you\u2019re a vet, you may need to prove that you passed an English Language assessment with the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nWhen you apply for a Skilled Worker visa, you\u2019ll need to have enough money to:\n\n- pay the application fee - the standard fee ranges from \u00a3610 to \u00a31,408 depending on your circumstances\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge - this is usually \u00a3624 per year\n\n- support yourself when you arrive in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\nYou\u2019ll pay a lower application fee if your job is on the shortage occupation list.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.\n\n## Application fees\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from outside the UK, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:\n\n- up to 3 years - \u00a3610 per person\n\n- more than 3 years - \u00a31,220 per person\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from inside the UK to extend, switch or update your visa, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:\n\n- up to 3 years - \u00a3704 per person\n\n- more than 3 years - \u00a31,408 per person\n\n## If your job is on the shortage occupation list\n\nYou and your family will pay a lower application fee if your job is on the shortage occupation list.\n\nThe fee for each person applying is:\n\n- \u00a3464 if you\u2019re staying for up to 3 years\n\n- \u00a3928 if you\u2019re staying for more than 3 years\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\nThere\u2019s a different list of shortage occupations if you work in healthcare or education.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nIf your job is on the shortage occupation list, you\u2019ll get this reduction as well as paying a lower fee.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay - this is usually \u00a3624 per year. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- proof of your knowledge of English\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- your job title and annual salary\n\n- your job\u2019s occupation code\n\n- the name of your employer and their sponsor licence number - this will be on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nAsk your employer for a copy of your certificate of sponsorship if you do not have one.\n\n## If your certificate of sponsorship was issued before 1 December 2020\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship will need to be updated because it was assigned to you before the Tier 2 (General) work visa was replaced by the Skilled Worker visa.\n\nAsk your employer to update the \u2018sponsor notes\u2019 section in the UK visa sponsorship management system.\n\n## Other documents you might need\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might be asked to provide:\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country\n\n- a criminal record certificate - if you\u2019re working in certain jobs\n\n- a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher\n\n- your UK PhD certificate, or your unique Ecctis reference number (formerly unique UK NARIC reference number) if your qualification is from outside the UK - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis\n\nYou\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\n## Criminal record certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a criminal record certificate if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK and you work in:\n\n- education, for example teachers, education advisers and school inspectors, childminders, teaching assistants\n\n- healthcare, for example nurses, doctors, paramedics, managers, pharmacists, dentists and dental nurses, ophthalmic opticians\n\n- therapy, for example psychologists, speech and language therapists, counsellors\n\n- social services, for example social workers, managers, probation officers, welfare and housing officers\n\nCheck how to apply for criminal records checks.\n\nIf you work in healthcare, you might be able to apply for the Health and Care Worker visa instead.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lived in more than one country\n\nYou might need to provide a certificate from each country you\u2019ve lived in, depending on your age and how long you stayed in each country.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 28, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in for a total of 12 months or more since you turned 18.\n\nIf you\u2019re 28 or over, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in over the last 10 years.\n\n## When you\u2019ve got your documents ready\n\nYou can apply online once your documents are ready.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and extending your current visa\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nIf you\u2019ve read the guidance and you\u2019re not sure if you\u2019re eligible, you can use a Home Office checker tool. You\u2019ll be asked to confirm that you meet all of the eligibility requirements.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Skilled Worker visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply for a Skilled Worker visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must either:\n\n- apply online as your partner\n\n- apply online as your child\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity.\n\nThey\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nvisa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\nIf they do need an appointment:\n\n- the visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application\n\n- they may have to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nApply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you apply to extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your partner\n\n- extend or switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou must apply for your child\u2019s dependant visa if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.\n\nThe form you fill in depends on if:\n\n- your child is inside the UK\n\n- your child is outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can usually apply to extend a Skilled Worker visa or a Tier 2 (General) work visa if all of the following are true:\n\n- you have the same job as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK\n\n- your job is in the same occupation code as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re still working for the employer who gave you your current certificate of sponsorship\n\nSome\u00a0health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## If you have a Tier 2 (General) work visa\n\nYou may need to meet different eligibility requirements, depending on:\n\n- whether you got the certificate of sponsorship for your first Tier 2 visa before or after 24 November 2016\n\n- whether you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Skilled Worker visa before 6 April 2021\n\n- your occupation code - some have different going rates\n\nThe requirements will apply if you either:\n\n- have a Tier 2 (General) work visa\n\n- had a Tier 2 (General) work visa which you\u2019ve extended as a Skilled Worker visa\n\n## If you got your certificate of sponsorship before 24 November 2016\n\nIf you apply to extend before 24 May 2023, the minimum salary you\u2019ll need to be paid is fixed at a lower rate. You\u2019ll need to be paid at least \u00a320,800 per year unless the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than this.\n\n## If you got your certificate of sponsorship on or after 24 November 2016\n\nIf you apply to extend before 1 December 2026, you will still need to meet the new salary requirements, but your salary may also include allowances, such as London weighting. Any allowances must be guaranteed for the length of your stay.\n\n## If you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Skilled Worker visa before 6 April 2021\n\nThe minimum salary requirement of \u00a310.10 per hour or the going rate for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing does not apply.\n\n## Jobs with different going rates\n\nFor some jobs, the going rate for the Skilled Worker visa is different.\n\n| Occupation code | Going rate for Skilled Worker visa | 90% of going rate (for relevant STEM PhD) | 80% of going rate (for relevant non-STEM PhD or shortage occupation) | 70% of going rate (for new entrants) |\n\n| 2113 Physical scientists | \u00a329,000 (\u00a313.94 per hour) | \u00a326,100 (\u00a312.55 per hour) | \u00a323,200 (\u00a311.15 per hour) | \u00a320,300 (\u00a39.76 per hour) |\n\n| 2119 Natural and social science professionals | \u00a329,000 (\u00a313.94 per hour) | \u00a326,100 (\u00a312.55 per hour) | \u00a323,200 (\u00a311.15 per hour) | \u00a320,300 (\u00a39.76 per hour) |\n\n| 2311 Higher education teaching professionals | \u00a333,000 (\u00a315.87 per hour) | \u00a329,700 (14.28 per hour) | \u00a326,400 (\u00a312.69 per hour) | \u00a323,100 (\u00a311.11 per hour) |\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed job or employer\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa instead.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck how much it costs for your type of visa.\n\nYou may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to extend your Skilled Worker visa\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Update your visa if you change job or employer\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your Skilled Worker or Tier 2 (General) work visa if:\n\n- you want to change your job and your new job is with a different employer\n\n- your job changes to a different occupation code, and you\u2019re not in a graduate training programme\n\n- you leave a job that\u2019s on the shortage occupation list for a job that is not on the list\n\nYou do not need to apply again if you stay in the same job, but your job is taken off the shortage occupation list.\n\nIf you\u2019ll be doing a different job for your current employer, you only need to apply to update your visa if your new job is in a different occupation code.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Eligibility and documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nYour new job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.\n\nYou\u2019ll only need to provide other evidence again if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to add a second job to your current visa\n\nYou must apply to update your visa if you take on a second job that is either:\n\n- more than 20 paid hours a week in addition to the job you\u2019re being sponsored for\n\n- in a different occupation code\n\nYour second job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.\n\nYour letter must state:\n\n- your name\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your current certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- the date when your current permission to stay runs out\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a new visa giving you permission to do both jobs.\n\nYou do not need to apply to update your visa if you\u2019re taking on additional work in the same occupation code or you\u2019ll be doing less than 20 paid hours a week.\n\n## When to apply to update your visa\n\nYou can apply to update your visa up to 3 months before the start date of your new job.\n\nYou can continue working in your current job while your new application is being considered, or to work out your notice period - as long as you apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou should not start your new job until you\u2019ve got confirmation of your new permission.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply. You\u2019ll also be told how to provide your supporting documents if you need to.\n\n## Apply to update your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Skilled Worker visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must meet the following requirements:\n\n- your job meets the eligibility requirements\n\n- you can speak, read, write and understand English\n\n## Who cannot apply to switch to this visa\n\nYou cannot apply to switch to this visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\nYou must leave the UK and apply for a Skilled Worker visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.\n\n## Fees\n\nEach person applying will need to pay:\n\n- the visa application fee\n\n- the healthcare surcharge for each year of their stay - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay\n\nYou may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.\n\nHow you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to switch to a Skilled Worker visa\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Taking on additional work\n\nYou can do additional paid work on this visa as long as you\u2019re still doing the job you\u2019re being sponsored for. You can also do unpaid voluntary work.\n\nYou can work up to 20 hours a week in a job that\u2019s either:\n\n- in the same occupation code and at the same level as your main job\n\n- in a shortage occupation\n\nCheck if your job is on the list of:\n\n- healthcare and education shortage occupations\n\n- all other shortage occupations\n\nDue to coronavirus (COVID-19), there\u2019s currently no limit on the number of hours you can work or volunteer if you have a second job as an NHS doctor, nurse or paramedic.\n\n## If you\u2019ll be working more than 20 hours a week or in a different occupation code\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa so that you\u2019re being sponsored to do both jobs.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- get a new certificate of sponsorship from your second employer\n\n- include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A Skilled Worker visa allows you to come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job with an approved employer.

    ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 2 (General) work visa.

    ", + "

    Some\u00a0health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your job

    ", + "

    To qualify for a Skilled Worker visa, you must:

    ", + "
  • work for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK
    • ", + "
  • do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations
    • ", + "
  • be paid a minimum salary - how much depends on the type of work you do
    • ", + "

    The specific eligibility depends on your job.

    ", + "

    You must have a confirmed job offer before you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You must be able to speak, read, write and understand English. You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of English when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for a Skilled Worker visa

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    Your visa can last for up to 5 years before you need to extend it. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or update your visa when it expires or if you change jobs or employer.

    ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK and are coming to the UK
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and extending your current visa
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and switching from a different visa
    • ", + "

    If you want to change your job or employer, you must apply to update your visa.

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you are due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    You may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:

    ", + "
  • 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK
    • ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    You, your partner or children will each need to:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee
    • ", + "
  • pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay
    • ", + "
  • prove you have enough personal savings
    • ", + "

    Check how much money you\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    If you work in public sector healthcare

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a doctor or nurse, or you work in health or adult social care, check if you\u2019re eligible to apply for the Health and Care Worker visa instead. It\u2019s cheaper to apply for and you do not need to pay the annual immigration health surcharge.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    With a Skilled Worker visa you can:

    ", + "
  • work in an eligible job
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "
  • take on additional work in certain circumstances
    • ", + "
  • do voluntary work
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • change jobs or employer unless you apply to update your visa
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Skilled Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Your job

    ", + "

    You must meet all of the following requirements to be eligible for a Skilled Worker visa:

    ", + "
  • your job is eligible for this visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be working for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be paid at least the minimum salary for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing
    • ", + "

    The minimum salary for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing is whichever is the highest out of the following 3 options:

    ", + "
  • \u00a325,600 per year
    • ", + "
  • \u00a310.10 per hour
    • ", + "
  • the \u2018going rate\u2019 for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing
    • ", + "

    Check if your job is eligible

    ", + "

    Before you can find out if your job is eligible, you need to know its 4-digit occupation code.

    ", + "

    If you already have a job offer, ask your employer for your occupation code.

    ", + "

    Look up your job\u2019s occupation code

    ", + "

    If you do not know your code, you can search for your job in the ONS occupation coding tool.

    ", + "

    Not every job title is included. If you cannot find your exact job title, try searching for similar jobs.

    ", + "

    Make sure the job description matches what you\u2019ll be doing. Some similar jobs have different codes, for example chefs and cooks. Chefs are eligible for a Skilled Worker visa, but cooks are not.

    ", + "

    Check if an occupation code is eligible for this visa

    ", + "

    When you know your occupation code, view the table of eligible jobs to see if it\u2019s included.

    ", + "

    The table is very large. It\u2019s sorted in order of occupation code, with the smallest numbers at the top. You may be able to use your web browser to search for your code on the page.

    ", + "

    Salary requirements

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a325,600 per year or \u00a310.10 per hour, whichever is higher. If the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than both of these, you\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least the going rate.

    ", + "

    Each occupation code has its own annual going rate. Check the going rate for your job in the going rates table.

    ", + "

    If you work in healthcare or education

    ", + "

    There are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs, where the going rate is based on national pay scales.

    ", + "

    When you can be paid less

    ", + "

    If you do not meet the usual salary requirements, and you do not work in healthcare or education, you might still be eligible if your salary will be at least \u00a320,480 per year and at least \u00a310.10 per hour.

    ", + "

    Check when you can be paid less.

    ", + "

    Approved UK employers

    ", + "

    You must have a job offer from an approved UK employer before you apply for a Skilled Worker visa. Approved employers are also known as sponsors, because they are sponsoring you to come to or stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    View the list of approved UK employers.

    ", + "

    If your employer is not currently approved, they can apply for a sponsor licence if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to pay a fee - \u00a3536 for small businesses and charities or \u00a31,476 for medium and large organisations. It usually takes around 8 weeks to process a licence application.

    ", + "

    If you already have a job offer from an approved employer

    ", + "

    Your employer - also known as your sponsor - will check that you meet the eligibility requirements. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 to prove this.

    ", + "

    The certificate of sponsorship is an electronic record, not a physical document. It will have a reference number, which you\u2019ll need for your visa application.

    ", + "

    You must apply for your visa within 3 months of getting your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    When you can be paid less

    ", + "

    You might still be able to apply for a Skilled Worker visa if your job is eligible but your salary is less than \u00a325,600 or your job\u2019s usual \u2018going rate\u2019. You must still be paid at least \u00a310.10 per hour.

    ", + "

    You can be paid between 70% and 90% of the usual going rate for your job if your salary is at least \u00a320,480 per year and you meet one of the following criteria:

    ", + "
  • your job is in a shortage occupation
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training
    • ", + "
  • you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job (if you have a relevant PhD level qualification in any other subject your salary must be at least \u00a323,040)
    • ", + "
  • you have a postdoctoral position in science or higher education
    • ", + "

    There are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs.

    ", + "

    Your job is in a shortage occupation

    ", + "

    A \u2018shortage occupation\u2019 is a skilled job where there is a shortage of workers in the UK.

    ", + "

    If your job is on the shortage occupation list, you can:

    ", + "
  • be paid 80% of the job\u2019s usual going rate
    • ", + "
  • pay a lower fee for your visa
    • ", + "

    View the shortage occupations list to see if your job is included and how much you\u2019ll need to be paid.

    ", + "

    Make sure you check there\u2019s a shortage in the part of the UK you\u2019ll be working in - England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training

    ", + "

    You can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 26 on the date you apply
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Student visa studying at bachelor\u2019s degree level or above - or you have been in the last 2 years, and a Student or visit visa was your most recent visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Graduate Entrepreneur visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be working towards a recognised qualification in a UK regulated profession
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be working towards full registration or chartered status in the job you\u2019re being sponsored for
    • ", + "

    If this applies to you, check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.

    ", + "

    Your total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply for one of these reasons. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.

    ", + "

    You have a PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job

    ", + "

    If your job is eligible for a PhD salary discount, you can be paid 80% or 90% of the job\u2019s usual going rate, depending on which subject you are qualified in.

    ", + "

    If you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) qualification, you can be paid 80% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still be paid at least \u00a320,480 per year.

    ", + "

    If you have a non-STEM qualification, you can be paid 90% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still be paid at least \u00a323,040 a year.

    ", + "

    In both situations, you must:

    ", + "
  • have a UK PhD or an equivalent doctorate-level overseas qualification - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to check if an overseas qualification is equivalent to a UK PhD
    • ", + "
  • be able to prove your qualification is relevant to the job you\u2019ll be doing in the UK - your employer can confirm this
    • ", + "

    View the list of jobs that qualify for a PhD salary discount to see if your job is included and how much you need to be paid.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a research or academic leader, you may also be eligible to apply for the Global Talent visa. This visa has no language or minimum salary requirements.

    ", + "

    You have a postdoctoral position in science or higher education

    ", + "

    You can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if you\u2019ll be working in a postdoctoral position in certain science or higher education roles.

    ", + "

    Your job must be in one of the following occupation codes to qualify for this salary discount:

    ", + "
  • 2111: chemical scientists
    • ", + "
  • 2112: biological scientists and biochemists
    • ", + "
  • 2113: physical scientists
    • ", + "
  • 2114: social and humanities scientists
    • ", + "
  • 2119: natural and social science professionals that are \u2018not elsewhere classified\u2019, such as research fellows and sports scientists
    • ", + "
  • 2311: higher education teaching professionals
    • ", + "

    If this applies to you, check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.

    ", + "

    Your total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply to work in a postdoctoral position at 70% of the usual going rate. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.

    ", + "

    If you work in healthcare or education

    ", + "

    There are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs. Your salary must be at least \u00a320,480 - or more if your job\u2019s \u2018going rate\u2019 is higher.

    ", + "

    The going rates for these jobs are based on the national pay scales set by the relevant independent body, for example the NHS.

    ", + "

    View the list of eligible healthcare and education jobs to see if your job is included.

    ", + "

    National pay scales tables

    ", + "

    If your job is on the list, your salary must be at least the national pay scale rate for the job you\u2019ll be doing.

    ", + "

    These going rates apply whether you\u2019ll be working in the public or private sector.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid in the:

    ", + "
  • table of national pay scales for eligible healthcare jobs - listed by NHS pay band and area of the UK
    • ", + "
  • table of national pay scales for eligible teaching and education leadership jobs - listed by role and area of the UK
    • ", + "

    Ask your employer if you\u2019re not sure what your role or pay band will be.

    ", + "

    If your job is on the shortage occupation list

    ", + "

    You and your family will pay a lower application fee if your job is in a shortage occupation.

    ", + "

    View the list of healthcare and education shortage occupations to see if your job is included.

    ", + "

    Make sure you check there\u2019s a shortage in the part of the UK you\u2019ll be working in - England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If your job is on the list, the reduced fee for each person applying is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3464 if you\u2019re staying for up to 3 years
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3928 if you\u2019re staying for more than 3 years
    • ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay the healthcare surcharge and prove you can support yourself in the UK - check how much money you\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.

    ", + "

    Level of English

    ", + "

    You must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to at least level B1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by:

    ", + "
  • passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider
    • ", + "
  • having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English, gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18
    • ", + "
  • having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) for confirmation that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a doctor, dentist, nurse, midwife or vet

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019ve already passed an English Language assessment that is accepted by the relevant regulated professional body.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a vet, you may need to prove that you passed an English Language assessment with the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    When you apply for a Skilled Worker visa, you\u2019ll need to have enough money to:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee - the standard fee ranges from \u00a3610 to \u00a31,408 depending on your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • pay the healthcare surcharge - this is usually \u00a3624 per year
    • ", + "
  • support yourself when you arrive in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay a lower application fee if your job is on the shortage occupation list.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.

    ", + "

    Application fees

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from outside the UK, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 years - \u00a3610 per person
    • ", + "
  • more than 3 years - \u00a31,220 per person
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from inside the UK to extend, switch or update your visa, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 years - \u00a3704 per person
    • ", + "
  • more than 3 years - \u00a31,408 per person
    • ", + "

    If your job is on the shortage occupation list

    ", + "

    You and your family will pay a lower application fee if your job is on the shortage occupation list.

    ", + "

    The fee for each person applying is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3464 if you\u2019re staying for up to 3 years
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3928 if you\u2019re staying for more than 3 years
    • ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different list of shortage occupations if you work in healthcare or education.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    If your job is on the shortage occupation list, you\u2019ll get this reduction as well as paying a lower fee.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay - this is usually \u00a3624 per year. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • proof of your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your job title and annual salary
    • ", + "
  • your job\u2019s occupation code
    • ", + "
  • the name of your employer and their sponsor licence number - this will be on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    Ask your employer for a copy of your certificate of sponsorship if you do not have one.

    ", + "

    If your certificate of sponsorship was issued before 1 December 2020

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship will need to be updated because it was assigned to you before the Tier 2 (General) work visa was replaced by the Skilled Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Ask your employer to update the \u2018sponsor notes\u2019 section in the UK visa sponsorship management system.

    ", + "

    Other documents you might need

    ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might be asked to provide:

    ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "
  • a criminal record certificate - if you\u2019re working in certain jobs
    • ", + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher
    • ", + "
  • your UK PhD certificate, or your unique Ecctis reference number (formerly unique UK NARIC reference number) if your qualification is from outside the UK - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it
    • ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    Criminal record certificate

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a criminal record certificate if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK and you work in:

    ", + "
  • education, for example teachers, education advisers and school inspectors, childminders, teaching assistants
    • ", + "
  • healthcare, for example nurses, doctors, paramedics, managers, pharmacists, dentists and dental nurses, ophthalmic opticians
    • ", + "
  • therapy, for example psychologists, speech and language therapists, counsellors
    • ", + "
  • social services, for example social workers, managers, probation officers, welfare and housing officers
    • ", + "

    Check how to apply for criminal records checks.

    ", + "

    If you work in healthcare, you might be able to apply for the Health and Care Worker visa instead.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lived in more than one country

    ", + "

    You might need to provide a certificate from each country you\u2019ve lived in, depending on your age and how long you stayed in each country.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 28, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in for a total of 12 months or more since you turned 18.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 28 or over, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in over the last 10 years.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve got your documents ready

    ", + "

    You can apply online once your documents are ready.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK and are coming to the UK
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and extending your current visa
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and switching from a different visa
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve read the guidance and you\u2019re not sure if you\u2019re eligible, you can use a Home Office checker tool. You\u2019ll be asked to confirm that you meet all of the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Skilled Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply for a Skilled Worker visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as your partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as your child
    • ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nvisa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    If they do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application
    • ", + "
  • they may have to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    Apply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you apply to extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children cannot apply to switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You must apply for your child\u2019s dependant visa if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.

    ", + "

    The form you fill in depends on if:

    ", + "
  • your child is inside the UK
    • ", + "
  • your child is outside the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can usually apply to extend a Skilled Worker visa or a Tier 2 (General) work visa if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you have the same job as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your job is in the same occupation code as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still working for the employer who gave you your current certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    Some\u00a0health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    If you have a Tier 2 (General) work visa

    ", + "

    You may need to meet different eligibility requirements, depending on:

    ", + "
  • whether you got the certificate of sponsorship for your first Tier 2 visa before or after 24 November 2016
    • ", + "
  • whether you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Skilled Worker visa before 6 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • your occupation code - some have different going rates
    • ", + "

    The requirements will apply if you either:

    ", + "
  • have a Tier 2 (General) work visa
    • ", + "
  • had a Tier 2 (General) work visa which you\u2019ve extended as a Skilled Worker visa
    • ", + "

    If you got your certificate of sponsorship before 24 November 2016

    ", + "

    If you apply to extend before 24 May 2023, the minimum salary you\u2019ll need to be paid is fixed at a lower rate. You\u2019ll need to be paid at least \u00a320,800 per year unless the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than this.

    ", + "

    If you got your certificate of sponsorship on or after 24 November 2016

    ", + "

    If you apply to extend before 1 December 2026, you will still need to meet the new salary requirements, but your salary may also include allowances, such as London weighting. Any allowances must be guaranteed for the length of your stay.

    ", + "

    If you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Skilled Worker visa before 6 April 2021

    ", + "

    The minimum salary requirement of \u00a310.10 per hour or the going rate for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing does not apply.

    ", + "

    Jobs with different going rates

    ", + "

    For some jobs, the going rate for the Skilled Worker visa is different.

    ", + "Occupation code | Going rate for Skilled Worker visa | 90% of going rate (for relevant STEM PhD) | 80% of going rate (for relevant non-STEM PhD or shortage occupation) | 70% of going rate (for new entrants)", + "2113 Physical scientists | \u00a329,000 (\u00a313.94 per hour) | \u00a326,100 (\u00a312.55 per hour) | \u00a323,200 (\u00a311.15 per hour) | \u00a320,300 (\u00a39.76 per hour)", + "2119 Natural and social science professionals | \u00a329,000 (\u00a313.94 per hour) | \u00a326,100 (\u00a312.55 per hour) | \u00a323,200 (\u00a311.15 per hour) | \u00a320,300 (\u00a39.76 per hour)", + "2311 Higher education teaching professionals | \u00a333,000 (\u00a315.87 per hour) | \u00a329,700 (14.28 per hour) | \u00a326,400 (\u00a312.69 per hour) | \u00a323,100 (\u00a311.11 per hour)", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed job or employer

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa instead.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check how much it costs for your type of visa.

    ", + "

    You may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your Skilled Worker visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Update your visa if you change job or employer

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your Skilled Worker or Tier 2 (General) work visa if:

    ", + "
  • you want to change your job and your new job is with a different employer
    • ", + "
  • your job changes to a different occupation code, and you\u2019re not in a graduate training programme
    • ", + "
  • you leave a job that\u2019s on the shortage occupation list for a job that is not on the list
    • ", + "

    You do not need to apply again if you stay in the same job, but your job is taken off the shortage occupation list.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll be doing a different job for your current employer, you only need to apply to update your visa if your new job is in a different occupation code.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Eligibility and documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    Your new job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only need to provide other evidence again if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to add a second job to your current visa

    ", + "

    You must apply to update your visa if you take on a second job that is either:

    ", + "
  • more than 20 paid hours a week in addition to the job you\u2019re being sponsored for
    • ", + "
  • in a different occupation code
    • ", + "

    Your second job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.

    ", + "

    Your letter must state:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your current certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • the date when your current permission to stay runs out
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a new visa giving you permission to do both jobs.

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply to update your visa if you\u2019re taking on additional work in the same occupation code or you\u2019ll be doing less than 20 paid hours a week.

    ", + "

    When to apply to update your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to update your visa up to 3 months before the start date of your new job.

    ", + "

    You can continue working in your current job while your new application is being considered, or to work out your notice period - as long as you apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You should not start your new job until you\u2019ve got confirmation of your new permission.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply. You\u2019ll also be told how to provide your supporting documents if you need to.

    ", + "

    Apply to update your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Skilled Worker visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must meet the following requirements:

    ", + "
  • your job meets the eligibility requirements
    • ", + "
  • you can speak, read, write and understand English
    • ", + "

    Who cannot apply to switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to switch to this visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and apply for a Skilled Worker visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Each person applying will need to pay:

    ", + "
  • the visa application fee
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge for each year of their stay - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "

    You may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch to a Skilled Worker visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Taking on additional work

    ", + "

    You can do additional paid work on this visa as long as you\u2019re still doing the job you\u2019re being sponsored for. You can also do unpaid voluntary work.

    ", + "

    You can work up to 20 hours a week in a job that\u2019s either:

    ", + "
  • in the same occupation code and at the same level as your main job
    • ", + "
  • in a shortage occupation
    • ", + "

    Check if your job is on the list of:

    ", + "
  • healthcare and education shortage occupations
    • ", + "
  • all other shortage occupations
    • ", + "

    Due to coronavirus (COVID-19), there\u2019s currently no limit on the number of hours you can work or volunteer if you have a second job as an NHS doctor, nurse or paramedic.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll be working more than 20 hours a week or in a different occupation code

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa so that you\u2019re being sponsored to do both jobs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • get a new certificate of sponsorship from your second employer
    • ", + "
  • include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/health-care-worker-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-care-worker-visa", + "title": "Health and Care Worker visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA Health and Care Worker visa allows medical professionals to come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job with the NHS, an NHS supplier or in adult social care.\n\nSome health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## Your job\n\nTo qualify for a Health and Care Worker visa, you must:\n\n- be a qualified doctor, nurse, health professional or adult social care professional\n\n- work in an eligible health or social care job\n\n- work for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office\n\n- have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK\n\n- be paid a minimum salary - how much depends on the type of work you do\n\nCheck if your job is eligible.\n\nYou must have a confirmed job offer before you apply for your visa.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou must be able to speak, read, write and understand English. You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of English when you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible for a Health and Care Worker visa\n\nYou may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYour visa can last for up to 5 years before you need to extend it. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or update your visa when it expires or if you change jobs or employer.\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nAfter 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and extending your current visa\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nIf you want to change your job or employer, you must apply to update your visa.\n\nYou can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you are due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nIf you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nYou, your partner or children will each need to:\n\n- pay the application fee\n\n- prove you have enough personal savings\n\nCheck how much money you\u2019ll need.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou - and your partner or children - will not have to pay the healthcare surcharge.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- work in an eligible job\n\n- take on additional work in certain circumstances\n\n- do voluntary work\n\n- study\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- change jobs or employer unless you update your visa\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Health and Care Worker visa.\n\n## Your job\n\nYou must meet all of the following requirements to be eligible for a Health and Care Worker visa:\n\n- you\u2019re a qualified doctor, nurse, health professional or adult social care professional\n\n- your job is eligible for this visa\n\n- you\u2019ll be working for a UK health and care sector employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office\n\n- you\u2019ll be paid the minimum salary or the \u2018going rate\u2019 for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing - whichever is higher\n\n## Check if your job is eligible\n\nBefore you can find out if your job is eligible, you need to know its 4-digit occupation code.\n\nIf you already have a job offer, ask your employer for your occupation code.\n\n## Look up your job\u2019s occupation code\n\nIf you do not know your code, you can search for your job in the ONS occupation coding tool.\n\nNot every job title is included. If you cannot find your exact job title, try searching for similar jobs.\n\nMake sure the job description matches what you\u2019ll be doing. Some jobs in the same area of practice have different codes, for example dentists and dental hygiene therapists.\n\n## Check if an occupation code is eligible for this visa\n\nYour job must be in one of the following occupation codes to qualify for the Health and Care Worker visa:\n\n- 1181: health services and public health managers and directors\n\n- 1242: residential, day and domiciliary care managers and proprietors\n\n- 2112: biological scientists and biochemists\n\n- 2113: physical scientists\n\n- 2211: medical practitioners\n\n- 2212: psychologists\n\n- 2213: pharmacists\n\n- 2214: ophthalmic opticians\n\n- 2215: dental practitioners\n\n- 2217: medical radiographers\n\n- 2218: podiatrists\n\n- 2219: health professionals that are \u2018not elsewhere classified\u2019, such as audiologists and occupational health advisers\n\n- 2221: physiotherapists\n\n- 2222: occupational therapists\n\n- 2223: speech and language therapists\n\n- 2229: therapy professionals that are \u2018not elsewhere classified\u2019, such as osteopaths and psychotherapists\n\n- 2231: nurses\n\n- 2232: midwives\n\n- 2442: social workers\n\n- 3111: laboratory technicians\n\n- 3213: paramedics\n\n- 3216: dispensing opticians\n\n- 3217: pharmaceutical technicians\n\n- 3218: medical and dental technicians\n\n- 3219: health associate professionals not elsewhere classified\n\n- 6141: nursing auxiliaries and assistants\n\n- 6143: dental nurses\n\n- 6146: senior care workers\n\n## Approved UK health and care sector employers\n\nYou must have a job offer from an approved UK employer before you apply for a Health and Care Worker visa. Approved employers are also known as sponsors, because they are sponsoring you to come to or stay in the UK.\n\nYou must have a job offer from:\n\n- the NHS\n\n- an organisation providing medical services to the NHS\n\n- an organisation providing adult social care\n\nRead the guidance to see a full list of eligible employers.\n\nIf your employer is not currently approved, they can apply for a sponsor licence if they\u2019re eligible.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to pay a fee - \u00a3536 for small businesses and charities or \u00a31,476 for medium and large organisations. It usually takes around 8 weeks to process a licence application.\n\n## If you already have a job offer from an approved employer\n\nYour employer - also known as your sponsor - will check that you meet the eligibility requirements. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 to prove this.\n\nThe certificate of sponsorship is an electronic record, not a physical document. It will have a reference number, which you\u2019ll need for your visa application.\n\nYou must apply for your visa within 3 months of getting your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Salary requirements\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a320,480.\n\nIf the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than \u00a320,480, you\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least the going rate.\n\nEach occupation code has its own annual going rate. How you find the going rate depends on your job.\n\n## When you need to meet different salary requirements\n\nYou\u2019ll need to meet different salary requirements for this visa if your job is in one of the the following occupation codes:\n\n- 1181: health services and public health managers and directors\n\n- 1242: residential, day and domiciliary care managers and proprietors\n\n- 2112: biological scientists and biochemists\n\n- 2113: physical scientists\n\n- 3111: laboratory technicians\n\n- 3216: dispensing opticians\n\n- 3217: pharmaceutical technicians\n\n- 6146: senior care workers\n\nFind out the going rate if your job is in one of these occupation codes - including when you can earn less.\n\n## If you\u2019re doing any other health and care job\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll need to earn in the table of national pay scales for eligible healthcare jobs.\n\nSalaries are listed by NHS pay band and area of the UK you\u2019ll be working in. Ask your employer if you\u2019re not sure what your role or pay band will be.\n\n## If you\u2019ll need to meet different salary requirements\n\nYou\u2019ll need to meet different salary requirements for this visa if your job is in one of the following occupation codes:\n\n- 1181: health services and public health managers and directors\n\n- 1242: residential, day and domiciliary care managers and proprietors\n\n- 2112: biological scientists and biochemists\n\n- 2113: physical scientists\n\n- 3111: laboratory technicians\n\n- 3216: dispensing opticians\n\n- 3217: pharmaceutical technicians\n\n- 6146: senior care workers\n\nIf your job is in any other occupation code that is eligible for this visa, you must meet the salary requirements described in \u2018Your job\u2019.\n\n## Salary requirements\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a325,600 per year or \u00a310.10 per hour, whichever is higher. If the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than both of these, you\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least the going rate.\n\nEach occupation code has its own annual going rate. Check the going rate for your job in the going rates table.\n\n## When you can be paid less\n\nYou might still be able to apply for a Health and Care Worker visa if your job is eligible but your salary is less than \u00a325,600 or your job\u2019s usual \u2018going rate\u2019. You must still be paid at least \u00a310.10 per hour.\n\nYou can be paid between 70% and 90% of the usual going rate for your job if your salary is at least \u00a320,480 per year and you meet one of the following criteria:\n\n- your job is in a shortage occupation\n\n- you\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training\n\n- you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job (if you have a relevant PhD level qualification in any other subject your salary must be at least \u00a323,040)\n\n- you have a postdoctoral position in a scientific role\n\n## Your job is in a shortage occupation\n\nA \u2018shortage occupation\u2019 is a skilled job where there is a shortage of workers in the UK.\n\nIf your job is on the shortage occupation list, you can be paid 80% of the job\u2019s usual going rate.\n\nView the shortage occupations list to see if your job is included and how much you\u2019ll need to be paid.\n\nMake sure you check there\u2019s a shortage in the part of the UK you\u2019ll be working in - England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## You\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training\n\nYou can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re under 26 on the date you apply\n\n- you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Student visa studying at bachelor\u2019s degree level or above - or you have been in the last 2 years, and a Student or visit visa was your most recent visa\n\n- you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Graduate Entrepreneur visa\n\n- you\u2019ll be working towards a recognised qualification in a UK regulated profession\n\n- you\u2019ll be working towards full registration or chartered status in the job you\u2019re being sponsored for\n\nYour total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply for one of these reasons. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.\n\nIf this applies to you, check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.\n\n## You have a PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job\n\nYou can earn 80% or 90% of the job\u2019s usual going rate, depending on which subject you are qualified in.\n\nIf you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) qualification, you can be paid 80% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still earn at least \u00a320,480 per year.\n\nIf you have a non-STEM qualification, you can be paid 90% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still earn at least \u00a323,040 a year.\n\nIn both situations, you must:\n\n- have a UK PhD or an equivalent doctorate-level overseas qualification - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to check if an overseas qualification is equivalent to a UK PhD\n\n- be able to prove your qualification is relevant to the job you\u2019ll be doing in the UK - your employer can confirm this\n\nView the list of jobs that qualify for a PhD salary discount to see how much you need to be paid.\n\nIf you\u2019re a research or academic leader, you may also be eligible to apply for the Global Talent visa. This visa has no language or minimum salary requirements.\n\n## You have a postdoctoral position in a scientific role\n\nYou can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if you\u2019ll be working in a postdoctoral position.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.\n\nYour total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply to work in a postdoctoral position at 70% of the usual going rate. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.\n\n## Level of English\n\nYou must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to at least level B1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by:\n\n- passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider\n\n- having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English, gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18\n\n- having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) for confirmation that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\n## Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## If you\u2019re a doctor, dentist, nurse or midwife\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019ve already passed an English Language assessment that is accepted by the relevant regulated professional body.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nWhen you apply for a Health and Care Worker visa, you\u2019ll need to have enough money to:\n\n- pay the application fee\n\n- support yourself when you arrive in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.\n\n## Application fees\n\nThe standard application fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:\n\n- up to 3 years - \u00a3232 per person\n\n- more than 3 years - \u00a3464 per person\n\nThe fee is the same whether you apply from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- proof of your knowledge of English\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- your job title and annual salary\n\n- your job\u2019s occupation code\n\n- the name of your employer and their sponsor licence number - this will be on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nAsk your employer for a copy of your certificate of sponsorship if you do not have one.\n\n## If your certificate of sponsorship was issued before 1 December 2020\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship will need to be updated because it was assigned to you before the Tier 2 (General) work visa was replaced by the Skilled Worker visa. The Health and Care Worker visa is a type of skilled work visa.\n\nAsk your employer to update the \u2018sponsor notes\u2019 section in the UK visa sponsorship management system.\n\n## Other documents you might need\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might be asked to provide:\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country\n\n- a criminal record certificate - if you\u2019re working in certain jobs\n\n- your UK PhD certificate, or your unique Ecctis reference number (formerly unique UK NARIC reference number) if your qualification is from outside the UK - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis\n\nYou\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\n## Criminal record certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a criminal record certificate if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK, unless your job is in one of the following occupation codes:\n\n- biological scientists and biochemists (2112)\n\n- physical scientists (2113)\n\nCheck how to apply for criminal records checks.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lived in more than one country\n\nYou might need to provide a certificate from each country you\u2019ve lived in, depending on your age and how long you stayed in each country.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 28, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in for a total of 12 months or more since you turned 18.\n\nIf you\u2019re 28 or over, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in over the last 10 years.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Health and Care Worker visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply for a Health and Care Worker visa\n\nApply for a Skilled Worker visa. You\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019re applying for a Health and Care Worker visa as part of your application - make sure you choose \u2018yes\u2019.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must either:\n\n- apply online as your partner\n\n- apply online as your child\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the application fee. The fee depends on whether they\u2019ll be in the UK for:\n\n- up to 3 years - \u00a3232 per person\n\n- more than 3 years - \u00a3464 per person\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity.\n\nThey\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nvisa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\nIf they do need an appointment:\n\n- the visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application\n\n- they may have to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nApply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you apply to extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your Health and Care Worker visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch to your Health and Care Worker visa as your partner\n\n- extend or switch to your Health and Care Worker visa as your child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nSome health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can usually apply to extend your Health and Care Worker visa if all of the following are true:\n\n- you have the same job as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK\n\n- your job is in the same occupation code as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re still working for the employer who gave you your current certificate of sponsorship\n\n- you still meet the salary requirements\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## If you have a Tier 2 Health and Care Worker visa\n\nYou\u2019ll have a Tier 2 Health and Care Worker visa if either:\n\n- you applied for a Health and Care Worker visa before 1 December 2020\n\n- you had a Tier 2 (General) work visa which you\u2019ve extended as a Health and Care Worker visa\n\nIf you have this visa, you may need to meet different eligibility requirements, depending on:\n\n- whether you got the certificate of sponsorship for your first Tier 2 visa before or after 24 November 2016\n\n- whether you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Health and Care Worker visa before 6 April 2021\n\n- your occupation code - some have different going rates\n\n## If you got your certificate of sponsorship before 24 November 2016\n\nIf you apply to extend before 24 May 2023, you\u2019ll need to be paid at least \u00a320,800 per year unless the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than this.\n\nThis applies even if your job normally has different salary requirements.\n\n## If you got your certificate of sponsorship on or after 24 November 2016\n\nIf you apply to extend before 1 December 2026, you will still need to meet the salary requirements, but your salary may also include allowances, such as London weighting. Any allowances must be guaranteed for the length of your stay.\n\n## If you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Health and Care Worker visa before 6 April 2021\n\nIf your job has different salary requirements, you do not need to be paid at least \u00a310.10 per hour. You\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a325,600 or the going rate for your job, whichever is higher.\n\n## If you\u2019re a physical scientist\n\nIf you were sponsored for your Tier 2 (General) or Health and Care Worker visa before 1 December 2020, the going rate for your job is different.\n\n| Occupation code | Going rate for Health and Care Worker visa | 90% of going rate (for relevant STEM PhD) | 80% of going rate (for relevant non-STEM PhD or shortage occupation) | 70% of going rate (for new entrants) |\n\n| 2113 Physical scientists | \u00a329,000 (\u00a313.94 per hour) | \u00a326,100 (\u00a312.55 per hour) | \u00a323,200 (\u00a311.15 per hour) | \u00a320,300 (\u00a39.76 per hour) |\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed job or employer\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa instead.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck how much it costs for your type of visa.\n\nYou may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to extend your Health and Care Worker visa\n\nApply for a Skilled Worker visa. You\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019re applying for a Health and Care Worker visa as part of your application - make sure you choose \u2018yes\u2019.\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Update your visa if you change job or employer\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your Health and Care Worker visa if:\n\n- you want to change your job and your new job is with a different employer\n\n- your job changes to a different occupation code, and you\u2019re not in a graduate training programme\n\n- you leave a job that\u2019s on the shortage occupation list for a job that is not on the list\n\nThe same conditions apply to Tier 2 Health and Care visas issued before 1 December 2020.\n\nYou do not need to apply again if you stay in the same job, but your job is taken off the shortage occupation list.\n\nIf you\u2019ll be doing a different job for your current employer, you only need to update your visa if your new job is in a different occupation code.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Eligibility and documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nYour new job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.\n\nYou\u2019ll only need to provide other evidence again if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to add a second job to your current visa\n\nYou must apply to update your visa if you take on additional work that is either:\n\n- more than 20 paid hours a week in addition to the job you\u2019re being sponsored for\n\n- in a different occupation code\n\nYour second job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.\n\nYour letter must state:\n\n- your name\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your current certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- the date when your current permission to stay runs out\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a new visa giving you permission to do both jobs.\n\nYou do not need to apply to update your visa if you\u2019re taking on additional work in the same occupation code or you\u2019ll be doing less than 20 paid hours a week.\n\n## When to apply to update your visa\n\nYou can apply to update your visa up to 3 months before the start date of your new job.\n\nYou can continue working in your current job while your new application is being considered, or to work out your notice period - as long as you apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou should not start your new job until you\u2019ve got confirmation of your new permission.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.\n\nHow you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply. You\u2019ll also be told how to provide your supporting documents if you need to.\n\n## Apply to update your visa\n\nYou must apply online for a Skilled Worker visa. You\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019re applying for a Health and Care Worker visa as part of your application - make sure you choose \u2018yes\u2019.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Health and Care Worker visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must meet the following requirements:\n\n- your job meets the eligibility requirements\n\n- you can speak, read, write and understand English\n\n## Who cannot apply to switch to this visa\n\nYou cannot apply to switch to this visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\nYou must leave the UK and apply for a Health and Care Worker visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for as long as your employer is sponsoring you for, up to 5 years at a time. Your certificate of sponsorship will say how long your employer is sponsoring you for.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck how much it costs for your type of visa.\n\nYou may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.\n\nHow you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to switch to a Health and Care Worker visa\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nApply for a Skilled Worker visa. You\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019re applying for a Health and Care Worker visa as part of your application - make sure you choose \u2018yes\u2019.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Taking on additional work\n\nYou can do additional paid work on this visa as long as you\u2019re still doing the job you\u2019re being sponsored for. You can also do unpaid voluntary work.\n\nYou can work up to 20 hours a week in a job that\u2019s either:\n\n- in the same occupation code and at the same level as your main job\n\n- in a shortage occupation\n\nCheck if your job is on the list of:\n\n- healthcare and education shortage occupations\n\n- all other shortage occupations\n\nDue to coronavirus (COVID-19), there\u2019s currently no limit on the number of hours you can work or volunteer if you have a second job as an NHS doctor, nurse or paramedic.\n\n## If you\u2019ll be working more than 20 hours a week or in a different occupation code\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa so that you\u2019re being sponsored to do both jobs.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- get a new certificate of sponsorship from your second employer\n\n- include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

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    A Health and Care Worker visa allows medical professionals to come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job with the NHS, an NHS supplier or in adult social care.

    ", + "

    Some health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

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    Eligibility

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    Your job

    ", + "

    To qualify for a Health and Care Worker visa, you must:

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  • be a qualified doctor, nurse, health professional or adult social care professional
    • ", + "
  • work in an eligible health or social care job
    • ", + "
  • work for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK
    • ", + "
  • be paid a minimum salary - how much depends on the type of work you do
    • ", + "

    Check if your job is eligible.

    ", + "

    You must have a confirmed job offer before you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

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    You must be able to speak, read, write and understand English. You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of English when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for a Health and Care Worker visa

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    Your visa can last for up to 5 years before you need to extend it. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or update your visa when it expires or if you change jobs or employer.

    ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How to apply

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    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:

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  • outside the UK and are coming to the UK
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and extending your current visa
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and switching from a different visa
    • ", + "

    If you want to change your job or employer, you must apply to update your visa.

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you are due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    You may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    You, your partner or children will each need to:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee
    • ", + "
  • prove you have enough personal savings
    • ", + "

    Check how much money you\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You - and your partner or children - will not have to pay the healthcare surcharge.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work in an eligible job
    • ", + "
  • take on additional work in certain circumstances
    • ", + "
  • do voluntary work
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • change jobs or employer unless you update your visa
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Health and Care Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Your job

    ", + "

    You must meet all of the following requirements to be eligible for a Health and Care Worker visa:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a qualified doctor, nurse, health professional or adult social care professional
    • ", + "
  • your job is eligible for this visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be working for a UK health and care sector employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be paid the minimum salary or the \u2018going rate\u2019 for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing - whichever is higher
    • ", + "

    Check if your job is eligible

    ", + "

    Before you can find out if your job is eligible, you need to know its 4-digit occupation code.

    ", + "

    If you already have a job offer, ask your employer for your occupation code.

    ", + "

    Look up your job\u2019s occupation code

    ", + "

    If you do not know your code, you can search for your job in the ONS occupation coding tool.

    ", + "

    Not every job title is included. If you cannot find your exact job title, try searching for similar jobs.

    ", + "

    Make sure the job description matches what you\u2019ll be doing. Some jobs in the same area of practice have different codes, for example dentists and dental hygiene therapists.

    ", + "

    Check if an occupation code is eligible for this visa

    ", + "

    Your job must be in one of the following occupation codes to qualify for the Health and Care Worker visa:

    ", + "
  • 1181: health services and public health managers and directors
    • ", + "
  • 1242: residential, day and domiciliary care managers and proprietors
    • ", + "
  • 2112: biological scientists and biochemists
    • ", + "
  • 2113: physical scientists
    • ", + "
  • 2211: medical practitioners
    • ", + "
  • 2212: psychologists
    • ", + "
  • 2213: pharmacists
    • ", + "
  • 2214: ophthalmic opticians
    • ", + "
  • 2215: dental practitioners
    • ", + "
  • 2217: medical radiographers
    • ", + "
  • 2218: podiatrists
    • ", + "
  • 2219: health professionals that are \u2018not elsewhere classified\u2019, such as audiologists and occupational health advisers
    • ", + "
  • 2221: physiotherapists
    • ", + "
  • 2222: occupational therapists
    • ", + "
  • 2223: speech and language therapists
    • ", + "
  • 2229: therapy professionals that are \u2018not elsewhere classified\u2019, such as osteopaths and psychotherapists
    • ", + "
  • 2231: nurses
    • ", + "
  • 2232: midwives
    • ", + "
  • 2442: social workers
    • ", + "
  • 3111: laboratory technicians
    • ", + "
  • 3213: paramedics
    • ", + "
  • 3216: dispensing opticians
    • ", + "
  • 3217: pharmaceutical technicians
    • ", + "
  • 3218: medical and dental technicians
    • ", + "
  • 3219: health associate professionals not elsewhere classified
    • ", + "
  • 6141: nursing auxiliaries and assistants
    • ", + "
  • 6143: dental nurses
    • ", + "
  • 6146: senior care workers
    • ", + "

    Approved UK health and care sector employers

    ", + "

    You must have a job offer from an approved UK employer before you apply for a Health and Care Worker visa. Approved employers are also known as sponsors, because they are sponsoring you to come to or stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must have a job offer from:

    ", + "
  • the NHS
    • ", + "
  • an organisation providing medical services to the NHS
    • ", + "
  • an organisation providing adult social care
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance to see a full list of eligible employers.

    ", + "

    If your employer is not currently approved, they can apply for a sponsor licence if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to pay a fee - \u00a3536 for small businesses and charities or \u00a31,476 for medium and large organisations. It usually takes around 8 weeks to process a licence application.

    ", + "

    If you already have a job offer from an approved employer

    ", + "

    Your employer - also known as your sponsor - will check that you meet the eligibility requirements. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 to prove this.

    ", + "

    The certificate of sponsorship is an electronic record, not a physical document. It will have a reference number, which you\u2019ll need for your visa application.

    ", + "

    You must apply for your visa within 3 months of getting your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Salary requirements

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a320,480.

    ", + "

    If the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than \u00a320,480, you\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least the going rate.

    ", + "

    Each occupation code has its own annual going rate. How you find the going rate depends on your job.

    ", + "

    When you need to meet different salary requirements

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to meet different salary requirements for this visa if your job is in one of the the following occupation codes:

    ", + "
  • 1181: health services and public health managers and directors
    • ", + "
  • 1242: residential, day and domiciliary care managers and proprietors
    • ", + "
  • 2112: biological scientists and biochemists
    • ", + "
  • 2113: physical scientists
    • ", + "
  • 3111: laboratory technicians
    • ", + "
  • 3216: dispensing opticians
    • ", + "
  • 3217: pharmaceutical technicians
    • ", + "
  • 6146: senior care workers
    • ", + "

    Find out the going rate if your job is in one of these occupation codes - including when you can earn less.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re doing any other health and care job

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll need to earn in the table of national pay scales for eligible healthcare jobs.

    ", + "

    Salaries are listed by NHS pay band and area of the UK you\u2019ll be working in. Ask your employer if you\u2019re not sure what your role or pay band will be.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll need to meet different salary requirements

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to meet different salary requirements for this visa if your job is in one of the following occupation codes:

    ", + "
  • 1181: health services and public health managers and directors
    • ", + "
  • 1242: residential, day and domiciliary care managers and proprietors
    • ", + "
  • 2112: biological scientists and biochemists
    • ", + "
  • 2113: physical scientists
    • ", + "
  • 3111: laboratory technicians
    • ", + "
  • 3216: dispensing opticians
    • ", + "
  • 3217: pharmaceutical technicians
    • ", + "
  • 6146: senior care workers
    • ", + "

    If your job is in any other occupation code that is eligible for this visa, you must meet the salary requirements described in \u2018Your job\u2019.

    ", + "

    Salary requirements

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a325,600 per year or \u00a310.10 per hour, whichever is higher. If the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than both of these, you\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least the going rate.

    ", + "

    Each occupation code has its own annual going rate. Check the going rate for your job in the going rates table.

    ", + "

    When you can be paid less

    ", + "

    You might still be able to apply for a Health and Care Worker visa if your job is eligible but your salary is less than \u00a325,600 or your job\u2019s usual \u2018going rate\u2019. You must still be paid at least \u00a310.10 per hour.

    ", + "

    You can be paid between 70% and 90% of the usual going rate for your job if your salary is at least \u00a320,480 per year and you meet one of the following criteria:

    ", + "
  • your job is in a shortage occupation
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training
    • ", + "
  • you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job (if you have a relevant PhD level qualification in any other subject your salary must be at least \u00a323,040)
    • ", + "
  • you have a postdoctoral position in a scientific role
    • ", + "

    Your job is in a shortage occupation

    ", + "

    A \u2018shortage occupation\u2019 is a skilled job where there is a shortage of workers in the UK.

    ", + "

    If your job is on the shortage occupation list, you can be paid 80% of the job\u2019s usual going rate.

    ", + "

    View the shortage occupations list to see if your job is included and how much you\u2019ll need to be paid.

    ", + "

    Make sure you check there\u2019s a shortage in the part of the UK you\u2019ll be working in - England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training

    ", + "

    You can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 26 on the date you apply
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Student visa studying at bachelor\u2019s degree level or above - or you have been in the last 2 years, and a Student or visit visa was your most recent visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Graduate Entrepreneur visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be working towards a recognised qualification in a UK regulated profession
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be working towards full registration or chartered status in the job you\u2019re being sponsored for
    • ", + "

    Your total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply for one of these reasons. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.

    ", + "

    If this applies to you, check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.

    ", + "

    You have a PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job

    ", + "

    You can earn 80% or 90% of the job\u2019s usual going rate, depending on which subject you are qualified in.

    ", + "

    If you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) qualification, you can be paid 80% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still earn at least \u00a320,480 per year.

    ", + "

    If you have a non-STEM qualification, you can be paid 90% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still earn at least \u00a323,040 a year.

    ", + "

    In both situations, you must:

    ", + "
  • have a UK PhD or an equivalent doctorate-level overseas qualification - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to check if an overseas qualification is equivalent to a UK PhD
    • ", + "
  • be able to prove your qualification is relevant to the job you\u2019ll be doing in the UK - your employer can confirm this
    • ", + "

    View the list of jobs that qualify for a PhD salary discount to see how much you need to be paid.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a research or academic leader, you may also be eligible to apply for the Global Talent visa. This visa has no language or minimum salary requirements.

    ", + "

    You have a postdoctoral position in a scientific role

    ", + "

    You can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if you\u2019ll be working in a postdoctoral position.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.

    ", + "

    Your total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply to work in a postdoctoral position at 70% of the usual going rate. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.

    ", + "

    Level of English

    ", + "

    You must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to at least level B1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by:

    ", + "
  • passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider
    • ", + "
  • having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English, gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18
    • ", + "
  • having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) for confirmation that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a doctor, dentist, nurse or midwife

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019ve already passed an English Language assessment that is accepted by the relevant regulated professional body.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    When you apply for a Health and Care Worker visa, you\u2019ll need to have enough money to:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee
    • ", + "
  • support yourself when you arrive in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.

    ", + "

    Application fees

    ", + "

    The standard application fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 years - \u00a3232 per person
    • ", + "
  • more than 3 years - \u00a3464 per person
    • ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you apply from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • proof of your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your job title and annual salary
    • ", + "
  • your job\u2019s occupation code
    • ", + "
  • the name of your employer and their sponsor licence number - this will be on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    Ask your employer for a copy of your certificate of sponsorship if you do not have one.

    ", + "

    If your certificate of sponsorship was issued before 1 December 2020

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship will need to be updated because it was assigned to you before the Tier 2 (General) work visa was replaced by the Skilled Worker visa. The Health and Care Worker visa is a type of skilled work visa.

    ", + "

    Ask your employer to update the \u2018sponsor notes\u2019 section in the UK visa sponsorship management system.

    ", + "

    Other documents you might need

    ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might be asked to provide:

    ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "
  • a criminal record certificate - if you\u2019re working in certain jobs
    • ", + "
  • your UK PhD certificate, or your unique Ecctis reference number (formerly unique UK NARIC reference number) if your qualification is from outside the UK - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it
    • ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    Criminal record certificate

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a criminal record certificate if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK, unless your job is in one of the following occupation codes:

    ", + "
  • biological scientists and biochemists (2112)
    • ", + "
  • physical scientists (2113)
    • ", + "

    Check how to apply for criminal records checks.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lived in more than one country

    ", + "

    You might need to provide a certificate from each country you\u2019ve lived in, depending on your age and how long you stayed in each country.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 28, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in for a total of 12 months or more since you turned 18.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 28 or over, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in over the last 10 years.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Health and Care Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply for a Health and Care Worker visa

    ", + "

    Apply for a Skilled Worker visa. You\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019re applying for a Health and Care Worker visa as part of your application - make sure you choose \u2018yes\u2019.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as your partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as your child
    • ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the application fee. The fee depends on whether they\u2019ll be in the UK for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 years - \u00a3232 per person
    • ", + "
  • more than 3 years - \u00a3464 per person
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nvisa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    If they do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application
    • ", + "
  • they may have to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    Apply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you apply to extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children cannot apply to switch to your Health and Care Worker visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch to your Health and Care Worker visa as your partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch to your Health and Care Worker visa as your child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    Some health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can usually apply to extend your Health and Care Worker visa if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you have the same job as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your job is in the same occupation code as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still working for the employer who gave you your current certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • you still meet the salary requirements
    • ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    If you have a Tier 2 Health and Care Worker visa

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have a Tier 2 Health and Care Worker visa if either:

    ", + "
  • you applied for a Health and Care Worker visa before 1 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • you had a Tier 2 (General) work visa which you\u2019ve extended as a Health and Care Worker visa
    • ", + "

    If you have this visa, you may need to meet different eligibility requirements, depending on:

    ", + "
  • whether you got the certificate of sponsorship for your first Tier 2 visa before or after 24 November 2016
    • ", + "
  • whether you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Health and Care Worker visa before 6 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • your occupation code - some have different going rates
    • ", + "

    If you got your certificate of sponsorship before 24 November 2016

    ", + "

    If you apply to extend before 24 May 2023, you\u2019ll need to be paid at least \u00a320,800 per year unless the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than this.

    ", + "

    This applies even if your job normally has different salary requirements.

    ", + "

    If you got your certificate of sponsorship on or after 24 November 2016

    ", + "

    If you apply to extend before 1 December 2026, you will still need to meet the salary requirements, but your salary may also include allowances, such as London weighting. Any allowances must be guaranteed for the length of your stay.

    ", + "

    If you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Health and Care Worker visa before 6 April 2021

    ", + "

    If your job has different salary requirements, you do not need to be paid at least \u00a310.10 per hour. You\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a325,600 or the going rate for your job, whichever is higher.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a physical scientist

    ", + "

    If you were sponsored for your Tier 2 (General) or Health and Care Worker visa before 1 December 2020, the going rate for your job is different.

    ", + "Occupation code | Going rate for Health and Care Worker visa | 90% of going rate (for relevant STEM PhD) | 80% of going rate (for relevant non-STEM PhD or shortage occupation) | 70% of going rate (for new entrants)", + "2113 Physical scientists | \u00a329,000 (\u00a313.94 per hour) | \u00a326,100 (\u00a312.55 per hour) | \u00a323,200 (\u00a311.15 per hour) | \u00a320,300 (\u00a39.76 per hour)", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed job or employer

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa instead.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check how much it costs for your type of visa.

    ", + "

    You may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your Health and Care Worker visa

    ", + "

    Apply for a Skilled Worker visa. You\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019re applying for a Health and Care Worker visa as part of your application - make sure you choose \u2018yes\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Update your visa if you change job or employer

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your Health and Care Worker visa if:

    ", + "
  • you want to change your job and your new job is with a different employer
    • ", + "
  • your job changes to a different occupation code, and you\u2019re not in a graduate training programme
    • ", + "
  • you leave a job that\u2019s on the shortage occupation list for a job that is not on the list
    • ", + "

    The same conditions apply to Tier 2 Health and Care visas issued before 1 December 2020.

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply again if you stay in the same job, but your job is taken off the shortage occupation list.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll be doing a different job for your current employer, you only need to update your visa if your new job is in a different occupation code.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Eligibility and documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    Your new job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only need to provide other evidence again if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to add a second job to your current visa

    ", + "

    You must apply to update your visa if you take on additional work that is either:

    ", + "
  • more than 20 paid hours a week in addition to the job you\u2019re being sponsored for
    • ", + "
  • in a different occupation code
    • ", + "

    Your second job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.

    ", + "

    Your letter must state:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your current certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • the date when your current permission to stay runs out
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a new visa giving you permission to do both jobs.

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply to update your visa if you\u2019re taking on additional work in the same occupation code or you\u2019ll be doing less than 20 paid hours a week.

    ", + "

    When to apply to update your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to update your visa up to 3 months before the start date of your new job.

    ", + "

    You can continue working in your current job while your new application is being considered, or to work out your notice period - as long as you apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You should not start your new job until you\u2019ve got confirmation of your new permission.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply. You\u2019ll also be told how to provide your supporting documents if you need to.

    ", + "

    Apply to update your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Skilled Worker visa. You\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019re applying for a Health and Care Worker visa as part of your application - make sure you choose \u2018yes\u2019.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Health and Care Worker visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must meet the following requirements:

    ", + "
  • your job meets the eligibility requirements
    • ", + "
  • you can speak, read, write and understand English
    • ", + "

    Who cannot apply to switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to switch to this visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and apply for a Health and Care Worker visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for as long as your employer is sponsoring you for, up to 5 years at a time. Your certificate of sponsorship will say how long your employer is sponsoring you for.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check how much it costs for your type of visa.

    ", + "

    You may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch to a Health and Care Worker visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Skilled Worker visa. You\u2019ll be asked if you\u2019re applying for a Health and Care Worker visa as part of your application - make sure you choose \u2018yes\u2019.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Taking on additional work

    ", + "

    You can do additional paid work on this visa as long as you\u2019re still doing the job you\u2019re being sponsored for. You can also do unpaid voluntary work.

    ", + "

    You can work up to 20 hours a week in a job that\u2019s either:

    ", + "
  • in the same occupation code and at the same level as your main job
    • ", + "
  • in a shortage occupation
    • ", + "

    Check if your job is on the list of:

    ", + "
  • healthcare and education shortage occupations
    • ", + "
  • all other shortage occupations
    • ", + "

    Due to coronavirus (COVID-19), there\u2019s currently no limit on the number of hours you can work or volunteer if you have a second job as an NHS doctor, nurse or paramedic.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll be working more than 20 hours a week or in a different occupation code

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa so that you\u2019re being sponsored to do both jobs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • get a new certificate of sponsorship from your second employer
    • ", + "
  • include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/intracompany-transfer-worker-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/intracompany-transfer-worker-visa", + "title": "Intra-company visas", + "content": "## Overview\n\nAn Intra-company visa allows you to come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job at your employer\u2019s UK branch.\n\n## If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Types of Intra-company visa\n\nThere are 2 types of Intra-company visa.\n\n## Intra-company Transfer visa\n\nApply for this visa if you\u2019re being transferred by your employer to a role in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have worked for your employer overseas for more than 12 months, unless they\u2019re going to pay you \u00a373,900 a year or more to work in the UK.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Long-term Staff visa.\n\n## Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa\n\nThis visa is for transfers to the UK as part of a graduate training programme for a managerial or specialist role.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have worked for your employer overseas for at least 3 months immediately before the date you apply.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Graduate Trainee visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo qualify for an Intra-company visa, you must:\n\n- be an existing employee of an organisation that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office as a sponsor\n\n- have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK\n\n- do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations\n\n- be paid at least \u00a341,500 for an Intra-company Transfer visa or at least \u00a323,000 for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa\n\nThe specific eligibility requirements depend on your job.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nHow long you can stay in the UK with an Intra-company visa depends on which visa you\u2019re applying for and how long your employer is sponsoring you for.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Transfer visa\n\nYou can stay in the UK with an Intra-company Transfer visa for whichever is shorter of:\n\n- the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days\n\n- 5 years\n\n- the length of time that takes you to the maximum total stay allowed\n\nThe maximum total stay allowed for an Intra-company Transfer visa is:\n\n- 5 years in any 6 year period if you\u2019re paid less than \u00a373,900 a year\n\n- 9 years in any 10 year period if you\u2019re paid \u00a373,900 a year or more\n\nYou can extend your visa or apply for another one up to the maximum total stay. If you have already been in the UK with an Intra-company visa before your application, that time will be included in your total stay.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa\n\nYou can stay in the UK with an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa for whichever is shorter of:\n\n- the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days\n\n- 12 months\n\n- the length of time that takes you to the maximum total stay allowed\n\nYou cannot extend your visa, but you can apply for another Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa from outside the UK. You have to have been working for your sponsor outside the UK for at least 3 months immediately before the date you apply.\n\nThe maximum total stay allowed for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa is 5 years in any 6 year period. If you have already been in the UK with an Intra-company visa before your application, that time will be included in your total stay.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and extending your current visa\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nYou can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nYou, your partner or children will each need to:\n\n- pay the application fee\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay\n\n- prove you have enough personal savings\n\nCheck how much it costs.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you are due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:\n\n- 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\nIf you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith an Intra-company visa you can:\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- study\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\n- do a second job for up to 20 hours a week that\u2019s either in the same profession and at the same level as your main job or on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list\n\n- do voluntary work\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- change jobs unless you update your visa\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019)\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with an Intra-company visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible for an Intra-company visa you need to:\n\n- have a valid certificate of sponsorship from your employer\n\n- have worked for your employer outside the UK - how long you need to have worked for them depends on the visa you\u2019re applying for and your salary\n\n- do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations\n\n- be paid the minimum eligible salary required for your job\n\n## Getting a certificate of sponsorship\n\nYour employer - also known as your sponsor - will give you a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 with information about the role you have been offered in the UK. It\u2019s an electronic record, not a paper document.\n\nYou\u2019ll need the reference number from the certificate of sponsorship for your visa application. You must apply for your visa within 3 months of getting your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nIf your employer is not currently licensed to sponsor people to work in the UK, they can apply for a sponsor licence if they\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How long you need to have worked for your employer outside the UK\n\nYou must have worked for your employer outside of the UK. How long you need to have worked for them depends on what visa you\u2019re applying for and how much you\u2019re paid.\n\n| What visa you\u2019re applying for | How long you need to have worked for your employer outside the UK |\n\n| Intra-company Transfer (earning less than \u00a373,900 a year) | 12 months |\n\n| Intra-company Transfer (earning \u00a373,900 a year or more) | no minimum time |\n\n| Intra-company Graduate Trainee | 3 months |\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa, you must have worked for your employer overseas for the 3 months immediately before the date you apply.\n\n## Check if your job is eligible\n\nBefore you can find out if your job is eligible, you need to know its 4-digit occupation code. You can get this from your employer or your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nWhen you know your occupation code, check the table of eligible jobs to see if it\u2019s eligible for your visa type.\n\n## Salary requirements\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Transfer visa you must be paid at least \u00a341,500 or the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job - whichever is higher.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa you must be paid at least \u00a323,000 or 70% of the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job - whichever is higher.\n\nEach occupation code has its own annual going rate. Check the going rate for your job in the going rates table.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nWhen you apply for an Intra-company visa, you\u2019ll need to have enough money to:\n\n- pay the application fee - the standard fee ranges from \u00a3610 to \u00a31,408 depending on your circumstances\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge - this is usually \u00a3624 per year\n\n- support yourself when you arrive in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.\n\n## Application fee\n\nHow much you pay to apply for an Intra-company visa depends on the type of visa and where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n| What you\u2019re applying for | Apply from outside the UK | Extend or switch in the UK |\n\n| Intra-company Transfer (up to 3 years) | \u00a3610 per person | \u00a3704 per person |\n\n| Intra-company Transfer (more than 3 years) | \u00a31,220 per person | \u00a31,408 per person |\n\n| Intra-company Graduate Trainee | \u00a3482 per person | \u00a3482 per person |\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay - this is usually \u00a3624 per year. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself when you arrive in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28 day period must be within 31 days of the date you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for 12 months or more\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- your job title and annual salary\n\n- your job\u2019s occupation code\n\n- the name of your employer and their sponsor licence number - this will be on your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country\n\nAsk your employer for a copy of your certificate of sponsorship if you do not have one.\n\n## If your certificate of sponsorship was issued before 1 December 2020\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship will need to be updated because it was assigned to you before the Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Long-term Staff visa and Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Graduate Trainee visa were replaced.\n\nAsk your employer to update the \u2018sponsor notes\u2019 section in the UK visa sponsorship management system.\n\n## Other documents you might need\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might be asked to provide:\n\n- evidence you\u2019ve worked for your employer outside the UK\n\n- details of your training programme if you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa\n\n- a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher\n\nYou\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you need to give your biometric information (fingerprints and a photograph) at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this when you apply.\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\n## Evidence you\u2019ve worked for your employer outside the UK\n\nAfter you apply you might be asked to show you\u2019ve worked for your employer for a certain amount of time.\n\nThe length of time depends on what visa you\u2019re applying for:\n\n- Intra-company Transfer earning less than \u00a373,900 a year - 12 months\n\n- Intra-company Transfer earning \u00a373,900 a year or more - no minimum time\n\n- Intra-company Graduate Trainee - 3 months\n\nIf you\u2019re asked, you\u2019ll need to show you\u2019ve been paid by your employer over this time period. You can provide:\n\n- printed payslips\n\n- online payslips supported by a letter from your sponsor signed by a senior staff member\n\n- bank or building society statements\n\n- a building society pass book\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for an Intra-company visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the visa application centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply for an Intra-company visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28 day period must be within 31 days of the date you or they apply for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must either:\n\n- apply online as a partner\n\n- apply online as a child\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document (they\u2019ll also create or sign into their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\nIf they do need an appointment:\n\n- the visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application\n\n- they may have to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nApply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children will not be able to apply to switch to this visa if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document (they\u2019ll also create or sign into their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Intra-company Transfer visa from inside the UK if all of the following are true:\n\n- you have the same job as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK\n\n- your job is in the same occupation code as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re still working for the employer who gave you your current certificate of sponsorship\n\n- you have not reached the maximum total stay\n\nYou cannot extend an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa from inside the UK.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## If your job changes\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa instead.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck how much it costs for your type of visa.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to extend your Intra-company Transfer visa\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Update your visa if your job changes\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your Intra-company visa if your job changes to a different occupation code. You must still have the same employer.\n\nYou do not need to apply again if you have an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa and your job changes as part of your graduate training programme. Your employer will notify UK Visas and Immigration.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Eligibility and documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nYour new job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou\u2019ll only need to provide other evidence again if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## When to apply to update your visa\n\nYou can apply to update your visa up to 3 months before the start date of your new job.\n\nYou can continue working in your current job while your new application is being considered - as long as you apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou should not start your new job until you\u2019ve got confirmation of your new permission.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to do this when you apply. You\u2019ll also be told how to provide your supporting documents if you need to.\n\n## Apply to update your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Switch to an Intra-company visa\n\nYou might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to an Intra-company Transfer visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa. You must meet the eligibility requirements\n\nYou cannot switch to an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa from inside the UK.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Who cannot apply to switch\n\nYou cannot apply to switch to an Intra-company visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\nYou must leave the UK and apply for an Intra-company Transfer visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck how much it costs.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.\n\nHow you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to switch to an Intra-company Transfer visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

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    An Intra-company visa allows you to come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job at your employer\u2019s UK branch.

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    If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

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    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.

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    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

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    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

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    Types of Intra-company visa

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    There are 2 types of Intra-company visa.

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    Intra-company Transfer visa

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    Apply for this visa if you\u2019re being transferred by your employer to a role in the UK.

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    You\u2019ll need to have worked for your employer overseas for more than 12 months, unless they\u2019re going to pay you \u00a373,900 a year or more to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Long-term Staff visa.

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    Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa

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    This visa is for transfers to the UK as part of a graduate training programme for a managerial or specialist role.

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    You\u2019ll need to have worked for your employer overseas for at least 3 months immediately before the date you apply.

    ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Graduate Trainee visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

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    To qualify for an Intra-company visa, you must:

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  • be an existing employee of an organisation that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office as a sponsor
    • ", + "
  • have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK
    • ", + "
  • do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations
    • ", + "
  • be paid at least \u00a341,500 for an Intra-company Transfer visa or at least \u00a323,000 for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa
    • ", + "

    The specific eligibility requirements depend on your job.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    How long you can stay in the UK with an Intra-company visa depends on which visa you\u2019re applying for and how long your employer is sponsoring you for.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Transfer visa

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK with an Intra-company Transfer visa for whichever is shorter of:

    ", + "
  • the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days
    • ", + "
  • 5 years
    • ", + "
  • the length of time that takes you to the maximum total stay allowed
    • ", + "

    The maximum total stay allowed for an Intra-company Transfer visa is:

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  • 5 years in any 6 year period if you\u2019re paid less than \u00a373,900 a year
    • ", + "
  • 9 years in any 10 year period if you\u2019re paid \u00a373,900 a year or more
    • ", + "

    You can extend your visa or apply for another one up to the maximum total stay. If you have already been in the UK with an Intra-company visa before your application, that time will be included in your total stay.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK with an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa for whichever is shorter of:

    ", + "
  • the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days
    • ", + "
  • 12 months
    • ", + "
  • the length of time that takes you to the maximum total stay allowed
    • ", + "

    You cannot extend your visa, but you can apply for another Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa from outside the UK. You have to have been working for your sponsor outside the UK for at least 3 months immediately before the date you apply.

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    The maximum total stay allowed for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa is 5 years in any 6 year period. If you have already been in the UK with an Intra-company visa before your application, that time will be included in your total stay.

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    How to apply

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    You must apply online.

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    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK and are coming to the UK
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and extending your current visa
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and switching from a different visa
    • ", + "

    You can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    You, your partner or children will each need to:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee
    • ", + "
  • pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay
    • ", + "
  • prove you have enough personal savings
    • ", + "

    Check how much it costs.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you are due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    You may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:

    ", + "
  • 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK
    • ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    With an Intra-company visa you can:

    ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "
  • do a second job for up to 20 hours a week that\u2019s either in the same profession and at the same level as your main job or on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list
    • ", + "
  • do voluntary work
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • change jobs unless you update your visa
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with an Intra-company visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible for an Intra-company visa you need to:

    ", + "
  • have a valid certificate of sponsorship from your employer
    • ", + "
  • have worked for your employer outside the UK - how long you need to have worked for them depends on the visa you\u2019re applying for and your salary
    • ", + "
  • do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations
    • ", + "
  • be paid the minimum eligible salary required for your job
    • ", + "

    Getting a certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    Your employer - also known as your sponsor - will give you a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 with information about the role you have been offered in the UK. It\u2019s an electronic record, not a paper document.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the reference number from the certificate of sponsorship for your visa application. You must apply for your visa within 3 months of getting your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    If your employer is not currently licensed to sponsor people to work in the UK, they can apply for a sponsor licence if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How long you need to have worked for your employer outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must have worked for your employer outside of the UK. How long you need to have worked for them depends on what visa you\u2019re applying for and how much you\u2019re paid.

    ", + "What visa you\u2019re applying for | How long you need to have worked for your employer outside the UK", + "Intra-company Transfer (earning less than \u00a373,900 a year) | 12 months", + "Intra-company Transfer (earning \u00a373,900 a year or more) | no minimum time", + "Intra-company Graduate Trainee | 3 months", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa, you must have worked for your employer overseas for the 3 months immediately before the date you apply.

    ", + "

    Check if your job is eligible

    ", + "

    Before you can find out if your job is eligible, you need to know its 4-digit occupation code. You can get this from your employer or your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    When you know your occupation code, check the table of eligible jobs to see if it\u2019s eligible for your visa type.

    ", + "

    Salary requirements

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Transfer visa you must be paid at least \u00a341,500 or the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job - whichever is higher.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa you must be paid at least \u00a323,000 or 70% of the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job - whichever is higher.

    ", + "

    Each occupation code has its own annual going rate. Check the going rate for your job in the going rates table.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    When you apply for an Intra-company visa, you\u2019ll need to have enough money to:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee - the standard fee ranges from \u00a3610 to \u00a31,408 depending on your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • pay the healthcare surcharge - this is usually \u00a3624 per year
    • ", + "
  • support yourself when you arrive in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    How much you pay to apply for an Intra-company visa depends on the type of visa and where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "What you\u2019re applying for | Apply from outside the UK | Extend or switch in the UK", + "Intra-company Transfer (up to 3 years) | \u00a3610 per person | \u00a3704 per person", + "Intra-company Transfer (more than 3 years) | \u00a31,220 per person | \u00a31,408 per person", + "Intra-company Graduate Trainee | \u00a3482 per person | \u00a3482 per person", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay - this is usually \u00a3624 per year. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself when you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28 day period must be within 31 days of the date you apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for 12 months or more
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your job title and annual salary
    • ", + "
  • your job\u2019s occupation code
    • ", + "
  • the name of your employer and their sponsor licence number - this will be on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "

    Ask your employer for a copy of your certificate of sponsorship if you do not have one.

    ", + "

    If your certificate of sponsorship was issued before 1 December 2020

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship will need to be updated because it was assigned to you before the Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Long-term Staff visa and Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Graduate Trainee visa were replaced.

    ", + "

    Ask your employer to update the \u2018sponsor notes\u2019 section in the UK visa sponsorship management system.

    ", + "

    Other documents you might need

    ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might be asked to provide:

    ", + "
  • evidence you\u2019ve worked for your employer outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • details of your training programme if you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa
    • ", + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you need to give your biometric information (fingerprints and a photograph) at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this when you apply.

    ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    Evidence you\u2019ve worked for your employer outside the UK

    ", + "

    After you apply you might be asked to show you\u2019ve worked for your employer for a certain amount of time.

    ", + "

    The length of time depends on what visa you\u2019re applying for:

    ", + "
  • Intra-company Transfer earning less than \u00a373,900 a year - 12 months
    • ", + "
  • Intra-company Transfer earning \u00a373,900 a year or more - no minimum time
    • ", + "
  • Intra-company Graduate Trainee - 3 months
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re asked, you\u2019ll need to show you\u2019ve been paid by your employer over this time period. You can provide:

    ", + "
  • printed payslips
    • ", + "
  • online payslips supported by a letter from your sponsor signed by a senior staff member
    • ", + "
  • bank or building society statements
    • ", + "
  • a building society pass book
    • ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an Intra-company visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the visa application centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply for an Intra-company visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28 day period must be within 31 days of the date you or they apply for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as a partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as a child
    • ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document (they\u2019ll also create or sign into their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    If they do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application
    • ", + "
  • they may have to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    Apply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will not be able to apply to switch to this visa if they are currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document (they\u2019ll also create or sign into their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Intra-company Transfer visa from inside the UK if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you have the same job as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your job is in the same occupation code as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still working for the employer who gave you your current certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • you have not reached the maximum total stay
    • ", + "

    You cannot extend an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa from inside the UK.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    If your job changes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa instead.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check how much it costs for your type of visa.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your Intra-company Transfer visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Update your visa if your job changes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to apply to update your Intra-company visa if your job changes to a different occupation code. You must still have the same employer.

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply again if you have an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa and your job changes as part of your graduate training programme. Your employer will notify UK Visas and Immigration.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Eligibility and documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    Your new job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only need to provide other evidence again if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    When to apply to update your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to update your visa up to 3 months before the start date of your new job.

    ", + "

    You can continue working in your current job while your new application is being considered - as long as you apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You should not start your new job until you\u2019ve got confirmation of your new permission.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to do this when you apply. You\u2019ll also be told how to provide your supporting documents if you need to.

    ", + "

    Apply to update your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Switch to an Intra-company visa

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to an Intra-company Transfer visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa. You must meet the eligibility requirements

    ", + "

    You cannot switch to an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa from inside the UK.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Who cannot apply to switch

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to switch to an Intra-company visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and apply for an Intra-company Transfer visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check how much it costs.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch to an Intra-company Transfer visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/minister-of-religion-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minister-of-religion-visa", + "title": "Minister of Religion visa (T2)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Minister of Religion visa (T2) if:\n\n- you\u2019ve been offered a job within a faith community (for example as a minister of religion, missionary, or member of a religious order) in the UK\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Getting sponsored\n\nYou need to be employed by a licensed sponsor to apply to live in the UK.\n\nYour sponsor checks that you can do the job they\u2019re hiring you for and if it qualifies you for a visa. They\u2019ll give you a certificate of sponsorship to prove this.\n\nThey must also give you other information you need when you apply, for example how much you\u2019ll be paid.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nYou can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you\u2019re due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nHow much you pay for a Minister of Religion visa (T2) depends on where you are.\n\n| Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply outside the UK | Extend or switch in the UK |\n\n| You | \u00a3610 | \u00a3704 |\n\n| All dependants | \u00a3610 each person | \u00a3704 each person |\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can come to the UK with a Minister of Religion visa (T2) for a maximum of up to 3 years and 1 month, or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay.\n\nYou must apply before your visa expires.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job - in certain circumstances\n\n- do voluntary work\n\n- study as long as it does not interfere with the job you\u2019re sponsored for\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- own more than 10% of your sponsor\u2019s shares (unless you earn more than \u00a3159,600 a year)\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou need to:\n\n- have a certificate of sponsorship for your job\n\n- prove your knowledge of English\n\n- have personal savings so you can support yourself when you arrive in the UK\n\n- show you can travel and your travel history over the last 5 years\n\n- have tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country\n\nYou need to have an eligible qualification if you\u2019re switching from a Tier 4 visa.\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship holds your personal details and information about the job you\u2019ve been offered. It\u2019s an electronic record, not a paper document. Your sponsor will give you a certificate of sponsorship reference number to add to your application.\n\nYou can only use your certificate of sponsorship reference number once. You must use it within 3 months of getting it.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by either:\n\n- passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level B2 in reading, writing, speaking and listening\n\n- having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) as being equivalent to a UK bachelors degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\nYou may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\nYou also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the full visa guidance.\n\n## Documents you'll need\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number (your employer will give you this)\n\n- proof of your knowledge of English\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality - you need a blank page in your passport for your visa\n\n- expired passports or travel documents if you need them to show your travel history\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\nSee the full list of documents you can provide.\n\nRead the guidance about the money you\u2019ll need and how to prove it.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Minister of Religion visa (T2).\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre.\n\nYou\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph taken at the visa application centre, so you can get a biometric residence permit.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK.\n\n## Apply for a Minister of Religion visa (T2)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou may be able to apply to extend your stay in the UK under a Minister of Religion visa (T2).\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to meet the eligibility criteria and provide the right documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need a new certificate of sponsorship from your sponsor.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can extend a Minister of Religion visa (T2) for up to 3 years, or the time given in your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, or the time required to take your total stay in the UK to a maximum of 6 years, whichever time is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## Apply to extend your Minister of Religion visa (T2)\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision:\n\n- within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service\n\n- within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service\n\nIf you use the super priority service you\u2019ll get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your circumstances or application are more complicated, for example if:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) from another visa to a Minister of Religion visa (T2).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must meet the Minister of Religion visa (T2) eligibility requirements and must already be in the UK under any of the following visas:\n\n- Tier 1 visa\n\n- Tier 2 (Sportsperson) visa\n\n- Tier 2 (General) visa\n\n- Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) visa under the Immigration Rules in place before 6 April 2010 and you\u2019re applying to change sponsor\n\n- Tier 4 visa - if you have an eligible qualification\n\n- Start-up visa\n\n- Innovator visa\n\nYou can also switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019re:\n\n- a dependent partner of someone with a Tier 4 visa\n\n- a representative of an overseas business\n\nYou must leave the UK and make your Minister of Religion visa (T2) application from abroad if you\u2019re not in any of these categories.\n\n## Eligible qualifications for Tier 4 visa\n\nYou must have been sponsored by a licensed sponsor to get one of the following qualifications:\n\n- a UK bachelors degree\n\n- a UK masters degree\n\n- a postgraduate certificate in education\n\n- a professional graduate diploma of education\n\nIf you\u2019re a PhD student, you must have also have completed the last 12 months\u2019 study during your most recent stay in the UK. This can be through a licensed sponsor or another visa that allowed you to study.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay up to 3 years after switching to a Minister of Religion visa (T2).\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## Apply to switch to a Minister of Religion visa (T2)\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision:\n\n- within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service\n\n- within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service\n\nIf you use the super priority service you\u2019ll get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAs appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK to extend\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend as a partner\n\n- extend as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Taking a second job\n\nYou can take a second job on this visa if you\u2019re working up to 20 hours a week in either:\n\n- the same profession as your main job\n\n- a profession on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list\n\nYou can also do unpaid voluntary work.\n\nOtherwise, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new visa. You\u2019ll need to be sponsored by your second employer and get a new certificate of sponsorship.\n\n## When to apply for a new visa\n\nYou cannot apply for a new visa until you\u2019ve started work with your first sponsor.\n\nYou cannot start work with your second sponsor until your visa application has been approved.\n\n## How to apply\n\nRead the guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nYou must be in the UK to apply.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide some documents with your application.\n\nYou must also provide a letter explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.\n\nYour letter must state:\n\n- your name\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your current certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- the date when your current permission to stay runs out", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Minister of Religion visa (T2) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been offered a job within a faith community (for example as a minister of religion, missionary, or member of a religious order) in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Getting sponsored

    ", + "

    You need to be employed by a licensed sponsor to apply to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor checks that you can do the job they\u2019re hiring you for and if it qualifies you for a visa. They\u2019ll give you a certificate of sponsorship to prove this.

    ", + "

    They must also give you other information you need when you apply, for example how much you\u2019ll be paid.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you\u2019re due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    How much you pay for a Minister of Religion visa (T2) depends on where you are.

    ", + "Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply outside the UK | Extend or switch in the UK", + "You | \u00a3610 | \u00a3704", + "All dependants | \u00a3610 each person | \u00a3704 each person", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can come to the UK with a Minister of Religion visa (T2) for a maximum of up to 3 years and 1 month, or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your visa expires.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job - in certain circumstances
    • ", + "
  • do voluntary work
    • ", + "
  • study as long as it does not interfere with the job you\u2019re sponsored for
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • own more than 10% of your sponsor\u2019s shares (unless you earn more than \u00a3159,600 a year)
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • have a certificate of sponsorship for your job
    • ", + "
  • prove your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • have personal savings so you can support yourself when you arrive in the UK
    • ", + "
  • show you can travel and your travel history over the last 5 years
    • ", + "
  • have tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "

    You need to have an eligible qualification if you\u2019re switching from a Tier 4 visa.

    ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship holds your personal details and information about the job you\u2019ve been offered. It\u2019s an electronic record, not a paper document. Your sponsor will give you a certificate of sponsorship reference number to add to your application.

    ", + "

    You can only use your certificate of sponsorship reference number once. You must use it within 3 months of getting it.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by either:

    ", + "
  • passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level B2 in reading, writing, speaking and listening
    • ", + "
  • having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) as being equivalent to a UK bachelors degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    You may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    You also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the full visa guidance.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number (your employer will give you this)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality - you need a blank page in your passport for your visa
    • ", + "
  • expired passports or travel documents if you need them to show your travel history
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    See the full list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance about the money you\u2019ll need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Minister of Religion visa (T2).

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph taken at the visa application centre, so you can get a biometric residence permit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Minister of Religion visa (T2)

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to extend your stay in the UK under a Minister of Religion visa (T2).

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to meet the eligibility criteria and provide the right documents.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need a new certificate of sponsorship from your sponsor.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can extend a Minister of Religion visa (T2) for up to 3 years, or the time given in your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, or the time required to take your total stay in the UK to a maximum of 6 years, whichever time is shorter.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your visa.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your Minister of Religion visa (T2)

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision:

    ", + "
  • within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service
    • ", + "
  • within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service
    • ", + "

    If you use the super priority service you\u2019ll get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your circumstances or application are more complicated, for example if:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) from another visa to a Minister of Religion visa (T2).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must meet the Minister of Religion visa (T2) eligibility requirements and must already be in the UK under any of the following visas:

    ", + "
  • Tier 1 visa
    • ", + "
  • Tier 2 (Sportsperson) visa
    • ", + "
  • Tier 2 (General) visa
    • ", + "
  • Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) visa under the Immigration Rules in place before 6 April 2010 and you\u2019re applying to change sponsor
    • ", + "
  • Tier 4 visa - if you have an eligible qualification
    • ", + "
  • Start-up visa
    • ", + "
  • Innovator visa
    • ", + "

    You can also switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a dependent partner of someone with a Tier 4 visa
    • ", + "
  • a representative of an overseas business
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and make your Minister of Religion visa (T2) application from abroad if you\u2019re not in any of these categories.

    ", + "

    Eligible qualifications for Tier 4 visa

    ", + "

    You must have been sponsored by a licensed sponsor to get one of the following qualifications:

    ", + "
  • a UK bachelors degree
    • ", + "
  • a UK masters degree
    • ", + "
  • a postgraduate certificate in education
    • ", + "
  • a professional graduate diploma of education
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a PhD student, you must have also have completed the last 12 months\u2019 study during your most recent stay in the UK. This can be through a licensed sponsor or another visa that allowed you to study.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay up to 3 years after switching to a Minister of Religion visa (T2).

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your visa.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch to a Minister of Religion visa (T2)

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision:

    ", + "
  • within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service
    • ", + "
  • within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service
    • ", + "

    If you use the super priority service you\u2019ll get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAs appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK to extend

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Taking a second job

    ", + "

    You can take a second job on this visa if you\u2019re working up to 20 hours a week in either:

    ", + "
  • the same profession as your main job
    • ", + "
  • a profession on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list
    • ", + "

    You can also do unpaid voluntary work.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new visa. You\u2019ll need to be sponsored by your second employer and get a new certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    When to apply for a new visa

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a new visa until you\u2019ve started work with your first sponsor.

    ", + "

    You cannot start work with your second sponsor until your visa application has been approved.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Read the guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    You must be in the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide some documents with your application.

    ", + "

    You must also provide a letter explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.

    ", + "

    Your letter must state:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your current certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • the date when your current permission to stay runs out
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/sportsperson-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/sportsperson-visa", + "title": "Sportsperson visa (T2)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Sportsperson visa (T2) if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re an elite sportsperson or qualified coach, who\u2019s recognised by your sport\u2019s governing body as being at the highest level of your profession internationally\n\n- your sport\u2019s governing body is endorsing your application\n\n- your employment will develop your sport in the UK at the highest level\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Getting sponsored\n\nYour sponsor is the governing body endorsing your application. They\u2019ll give you a certificate of sponsorship to prove they\u2019re sponsoring you.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nYou can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you\u2019re due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nHow much you pay for a Sportsperson visa (T2) depends on where you are.\n\n| Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply outside the UK | Extend or switch in the UK |\n\n| You | \u00a3610 | \u00a3704 |\n\n| All dependants | \u00a3610 each person | \u00a3704 each person |\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can come to the UK with a Sportsperson visa (T2) for up to 3 years.\n\nYou can apply to extend this visa for up to another 3 years to a maximum stay of 6 years.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in certain circumstances\n\n- play for your national team in the UK\n\n- work as a sports broadcaster\n\n- do voluntary work\n\n- study as long as it does not interfere with the job you\u2019re sponsored for\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start or run a business\n\n- apply for a second job until you\u2019ve started working for your sponsor\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou need to:\n\n- have a valid certificate of sponsorship for your job\n\n- prove your knowledge of English\n\n- have personal savings so you can support yourself when you arrive in the UK\n\n- show you can travel and your travel history over the last 5 years\n\n- have tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country\n\nYou need to have an eligible qualification if you\u2019re switching from a Tier 4 visa.\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship holds your personal details and information about the job you\u2019ve been offered. It\u2019s an electronic record, not a paper document. Your sponsor will give you a certificate of sponsorship reference number to add to your application.\n\nYou can only use your certificate of sponsorship reference number once. You must use it within 3 months of getting it.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by either:\n\n- passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level A1 in speaking and listening\n\n- having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) as being equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\nYou may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Malta\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\nYou also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the full visa guidance.\n\n## Documents you'll need\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number (your employer will give you this)\n\n- proof of your knowledge of English\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality - you need a blank page in your passport for your visa\n\n- expired passports or travel documents if you need them to show your travel history\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country\n\n- a letter of endorsement from your sport\u2019s governing body, if you\u2019re applying as a sportsperson or coach\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\nSee the full list of documents you can provide.\n\nRead the guidance about the money you\u2019ll need and how to prove it.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Sportsperson visa (T2).\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre.\n\nYou\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph taken at the visa application centre, so you can get a biometric residence permit.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK.\n\n## Apply for a Sportsperson visa (T2)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay in the UK under a Sportsperson visa (T2).\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay. They\u2019ll also need to submit a separate application.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have your endorsement by your sport\u2019s governing body renewed and a new certificate of sponsorship reference number.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay in the UK with a Sportsperson visa (T2) for up to 3 years and 14 days.\n\nYou must leave the UK after this. You can only apply for this visa again if you can show you\u2019ll be paid a gross annual salary of \u00a335,800 or more.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your type of visa.\n\n## Apply to extend your Sportsperson visa (T2)\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision:\n\n- within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service\n\n- within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service\n\nIf you use the super priority service you\u2019ll get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your circumstances or application are more complicated, for example if:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) from another visa to a Sportsperson visa (T2).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must meet the Sportsperson visa (T2) eligibility requirements and you must already be in the UK under any of the following visas or schemes:\n\n- Tier 1 visa\n\n- Tier 2 (General) visa\n\n- Tier 2 (Minister of Religion) visa\n\n- Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) visa under the Immigration Rules in place before 6 April 2010 and you\u2019re applying to change sponsor\n\n- Tier 4 visa - if you have an eligible qualification or you\u2019ve done at least 12 months of a PhD\n\n- Start-up visa\n\n- Innovator visa\n\nYou can also switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019re a:\n\n- dependent partner of someone with a Tier 4 visa\n\n- representative of an overseas business\n\nYou must leave the UK and make your Sportsperson visa (T2) application from abroad if you\u2019re not in any of these categories.\n\n## Eligible qualifications for Tier 4 visa\n\nYou must have been sponsored by a licensed sponsor to get one of the following qualifications:\n\n- a UK bachelors degree\n\n- a UK masters degree\n\n- a postgraduate certificate in education\n\n- a professional graduate diploma of education\n\n## PhD students\n\nYou must have completed at least 12 months\u2019 study during your most recent stay in the UK. This can be through a licensed sponsor or another visa that allowed you to study.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay in the UK with a Sportsperson visa (T2) for up to 3 years and 14 days.\n\nYou must leave the UK after this. You can only apply for this visa again if you can show you\u2019ll be paid a gross annual salary of \u00a335,800 or more.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your type of visa.\n\n## Apply to switch to a Sportsperson visa (T2)\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision:\n\n- within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service\n\n- within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service\n\nIf you use the super priority service you\u2019ll get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if it will take longer, for example if:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- your application is complex because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK to extend\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend as a partner\n\n- extend as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Taking a second job\n\nYou can take a second job on this visa if you\u2019re working up to 20 hours a week in either:\n\n- the same profession as your main job\n\n- a profession on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list\n\nYou can also do unpaid voluntary work.\n\nOtherwise, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new visa. You\u2019ll need to be sponsored by your second employer and get a new certificate of sponsorship.\n\n## When to apply for a new visa\n\nYou cannot apply for a new visa until you\u2019ve started work with your first sponsor.\n\nYou cannot start work with your second sponsor until your visa application has been approved.\n\n## How to apply\n\nRead the guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nYou must be in the UK to apply.\n\n## Documents you\u2019ll need to provide\n\nYou need to provide some documents with your application.\n\nYou must also provide a letter explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.\n\nYour letter must state:\n\n- your name\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your current certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- the date when your current permission to stay runs out", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Sportsperson visa (T2) if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re an elite sportsperson or qualified coach, who\u2019s recognised by your sport\u2019s governing body as being at the highest level of your profession internationally
    • ", + "
  • your sport\u2019s governing body is endorsing your application
    • ", + "
  • your employment will develop your sport in the UK at the highest level
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Getting sponsored

    ", + "

    Your sponsor is the governing body endorsing your application. They\u2019ll give you a certificate of sponsorship to prove they\u2019re sponsoring you.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you\u2019re due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    How much you pay for a Sportsperson visa (T2) depends on where you are.

    ", + "Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply outside the UK | Extend or switch in the UK", + "You | \u00a3610 | \u00a3704", + "All dependants | \u00a3610 each person | \u00a3704 each person", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can come to the UK with a Sportsperson visa (T2) for up to 3 years.

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend this visa for up to another 3 years to a maximum stay of 6 years.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job in certain circumstances
    • ", + "
  • play for your national team in the UK
    • ", + "
  • work as a sports broadcaster
    • ", + "
  • do voluntary work
    • ", + "
  • study as long as it does not interfere with the job you\u2019re sponsored for
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "
  • start or run a business
    • ", + "
  • apply for a second job until you\u2019ve started working for your sponsor
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • have a valid certificate of sponsorship for your job
    • ", + "
  • prove your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • have personal savings so you can support yourself when you arrive in the UK
    • ", + "
  • show you can travel and your travel history over the last 5 years
    • ", + "
  • have tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "

    You need to have an eligible qualification if you\u2019re switching from a Tier 4 visa.

    ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship holds your personal details and information about the job you\u2019ve been offered. It\u2019s an electronic record, not a paper document. Your sponsor will give you a certificate of sponsorship reference number to add to your application.

    ", + "

    You can only use your certificate of sponsorship reference number once. You must use it within 3 months of getting it.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by either:

    ", + "
  • passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level A1 in speaking and listening
    • ", + "
  • having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) as being equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    You may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    You also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the full visa guidance.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number (your employer will give you this)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality - you need a blank page in your passport for your visa
    • ", + "
  • expired passports or travel documents if you need them to show your travel history
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "
  • a letter of endorsement from your sport\u2019s governing body, if you\u2019re applying as a sportsperson or coach
    • ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    See the full list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance about the money you\u2019ll need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Sportsperson visa (T2).

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph taken at the visa application centre, so you can get a biometric residence permit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply for a Sportsperson visa (T2)

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay in the UK under a Sportsperson visa (T2).

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay. They\u2019ll also need to submit a separate application.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must have your endorsement by your sport\u2019s governing body renewed and a new certificate of sponsorship reference number.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay in the UK with a Sportsperson visa (T2) for up to 3 years and 14 days.

    ", + "

    You must leave the UK after this. You can only apply for this visa again if you can show you\u2019ll be paid a gross annual salary of \u00a335,800 or more.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your type of visa.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your Sportsperson visa (T2)

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision:

    ", + "
  • within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service
    • ", + "
  • within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service
    • ", + "

    If you use the super priority service you\u2019ll get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your circumstances or application are more complicated, for example if:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) from another visa to a Sportsperson visa (T2).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must meet the Sportsperson visa (T2) eligibility requirements and you must already be in the UK under any of the following visas or schemes:

    ", + "
  • Tier 1 visa
    • ", + "
  • Tier 2 (General) visa
    • ", + "
  • Tier 2 (Minister of Religion) visa
    • ", + "
  • Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) visa under the Immigration Rules in place before 6 April 2010 and you\u2019re applying to change sponsor
    • ", + "
  • Tier 4 visa - if you have an eligible qualification or you\u2019ve done at least 12 months of a PhD
    • ", + "
  • Start-up visa
    • ", + "
  • Innovator visa
    • ", + "

    You can also switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • dependent partner of someone with a Tier 4 visa
    • ", + "
  • representative of an overseas business
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and make your Sportsperson visa (T2) application from abroad if you\u2019re not in any of these categories.

    ", + "

    Eligible qualifications for Tier 4 visa

    ", + "

    You must have been sponsored by a licensed sponsor to get one of the following qualifications:

    ", + "
  • a UK bachelors degree
    • ", + "
  • a UK masters degree
    • ", + "
  • a postgraduate certificate in education
    • ", + "
  • a professional graduate diploma of education
    • ", + "

    PhD students

    ", + "

    You must have completed at least 12 months\u2019 study during your most recent stay in the UK. This can be through a licensed sponsor or another visa that allowed you to study.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay in the UK with a Sportsperson visa (T2) for up to 3 years and 14 days.

    ", + "

    You must leave the UK after this. You can only apply for this visa again if you can show you\u2019ll be paid a gross annual salary of \u00a335,800 or more.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your type of visa.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch to a Sportsperson visa (T2)

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision:

    ", + "
  • within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service
    • ", + "
  • within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service
    • ", + "

    If you use the super priority service you\u2019ll get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if it will take longer, for example if:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • your application is complex because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK to extend

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Taking a second job

    ", + "

    You can take a second job on this visa if you\u2019re working up to 20 hours a week in either:

    ", + "
  • the same profession as your main job
    • ", + "
  • a profession on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list
    • ", + "

    You can also do unpaid voluntary work.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new visa. You\u2019ll need to be sponsored by your second employer and get a new certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    When to apply for a new visa

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a new visa until you\u2019ve started work with your first sponsor.

    ", + "

    You cannot start work with your second sponsor until your visa application has been approved.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Read the guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    You must be in the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need to provide

    ", + "

    You need to provide some documents with your application.

    ", + "

    You must also provide a letter explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.

    ", + "

    Your letter must state:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your current certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • the date when your current permission to stay runs out
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-charity-worker-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-charity-worker-visa", + "title": "Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) if:\n\n- you want to do unpaid voluntary work for a charity\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Charity Worker) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou must have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend from inside the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the the next working day after your UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for up to 12 months or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- bring your partner and children with you, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- receive any payment for work\n\n- take a permanent job\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible for a Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) you need:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about the job you will do and your personal details. It is not a certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYour sponsor must also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, for example your working hours.\n\nYour sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guidance on documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\nYou must be in the UK to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou can apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK to extend\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend as a partner\n\n- extend as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) if:

    ", + "
  • you want to do unpaid voluntary work for a charity
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Charity Worker) visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Sponsorship

    ", + "

    You must have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.

    ", + "

    The work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    The application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.

    ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend from inside the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the the next working day after your UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay for up to 12 months or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate
    • ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job in the same sector at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • receive any payment for work
    • ", + "
  • take a permanent job
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible for a Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) you need:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about the job you will do and your personal details. It is not a certificate or paper document.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor must also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, for example your working hours.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.

    ", + "

    Multiple entry

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You can only extend your existing visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must continue to meet the eligibility rules.

    ", + "

    You must be in the UK to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for this visa.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You should read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You can apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK to extend

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa", + "title": "Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must apply for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if:\n\n- you\u2019ve been offered work in the UK as a sports person or creative worker\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nA creative worker is someone who works in the creative industry, for example an actor, dancer, musician or film crew member.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can come to the UK for a maximum of up to 12 months, or the time given in your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou may be able to extend your visa.\n\nYour stay must start no more than 14 days before the start date on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nIf you intend to work in the UK for 3 months or less, you may be able to use the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession instead of applying for the visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition\n\n- work as a sports broadcaster\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start your own business\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour eligibility for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) depends on whether you\u2019re a sports person or a creative worker.\n\n## Sports person\n\nYou need to make a significant contribution to your sport at the highest level in the UK to be eligible for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need all of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Creative worker\n\nYou need all of the following to be eligible for the creative category:\n\n- make a unique contribution to the UK labour market, for example you\u2019re internationally renowned or are required for continuity\n\n- certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- be paid the minimum salary as set by Equity, PACT or BECTU (except for models, musicians or circuses)\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nYou need a licensed sponsor to give you a certificate of sponsorship before you can apply to work in the UK.\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.\n\nThey must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example how much you\u2019ll be paid.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Changing your sponsor\n\nYou must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\nChanging your sponsor does not change how long you can stay in the UK. You can only stay the maximum length of time allowed by this visa.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor needs to give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship if you need to leave and come back to the UK as part of the job you\u2019re doing.\n\n## Multiple jobs when you\u2019re a creative worker\n\nYour sponsor can give you a certificate that covers the entire length of your stay, even if you need to perform at more than one engagement. If you\u2019re working for more than one sponsor, you can get a certificate from each sponsor.\n\nThere cannot be a gap of more than 14 days between each job. If you leave the UK and come back, your time away will not count towards those 14 days.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a letter of endorsement from your sport\u2019s governing body, if you\u2019re applying as a sportsperson or coach\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou cannot extend your stay if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\nYou must be in the UK to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\n## Creative worker\n\nYou can extend your visa for whichever is the shortest of:\n\n- up to 12 months\n\n- the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days\n\n- the time needed to extend your stay to the maximum of 24 months\n\nYou must stay with the same sponsor.\n\n## Sports person\n\nYou can extend your visa up to 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can switch to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if you\u2019re in the UK on a Standard Visitor visa and your sponsor gave you a certificate of sponsorship for this visa before you came to the UK.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou cannot switch to this visa if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for a maximum of up to 12 months after switching to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to switch to this visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession\n\nYou can enter the UK without applying for a visa in advance if you:\n\n- have a valid Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) certificate of sponsorship\n\n- are coming to work in the UK for 3 months or less\n\n- do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor\n\nYou must still meet the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) eligibility criteria.\n\nYou will not be able to extend your stay while you are in the UK, or switch to another temporary worker visa or a Skilled Worker visa.\n\nYour partner and children can travel with you if they also do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor.\n\n## When you arrive in the UK\n\nYou must see an immigration officer when you arrive in the UK - do not use the automatic ePassport gates. The officer will check:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship is valid\n\n- you have enough money to support yourself\n\nYou will not be allowed to work if you use an automatic ePassport gate. You must see an immigration officer.\n\n## If you enter the UK from Ireland\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling to the UK from Ireland using the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession, you must apply for remote clearance at least 72 hours before you arrive in the UK.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition\n\n- work as a sports broadcaster\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start your own business\n\n- extend your stay or switch to another visa", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must apply for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been offered work in the UK as a sports person or creative worker
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    A creative worker is someone who works in the creative industry, for example an actor, dancer, musician or film crew member.

    ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting) visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Sponsorship

    ", + "

    You need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.

    ", + "

    The work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    The application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.

    ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can come to the UK for a maximum of up to 12 months, or the time given in your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    You may be able to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    Your stay must start no more than 14 days before the start date on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    If you intend to work in the UK for 3 months or less, you may be able to use the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession instead of applying for the visa.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)
    • ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition
    • ", + "
  • work as a sports broadcaster
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "
  • start your own business
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your eligibility for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) depends on whether you\u2019re a sports person or a creative worker.

    ", + "

    Sports person

    ", + "

    You need to make a significant contribution to your sport at the highest level in the UK to be eligible for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need all of the following:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    Creative worker

    ", + "

    You need all of the following to be eligible for the creative category:

    ", + "
  • make a unique contribution to the UK labour market, for example you\u2019re internationally renowned or are required for continuity
    • ", + "
  • certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • be paid the minimum salary as set by Equity, PACT or BECTU (except for models, musicians or circuses)
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    You need a licensed sponsor to give you a certificate of sponsorship before you can apply to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.

    ", + "

    They must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example how much you\u2019ll be paid.

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.

    ", + "

    Changing your sponsor

    ", + "

    You must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.

    ", + "

    Changing your sponsor does not change how long you can stay in the UK. You can only stay the maximum length of time allowed by this visa.

    ", + "

    Multiple entry

    ", + "

    Your sponsor needs to give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship if you need to leave and come back to the UK as part of the job you\u2019re doing.

    ", + "

    Multiple jobs when you\u2019re a creative worker

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can give you a certificate that covers the entire length of your stay, even if you need to perform at more than one engagement. If you\u2019re working for more than one sponsor, you can get a certificate from each sponsor.

    ", + "

    There cannot be a gap of more than 14 days between each job. If you leave the UK and come back, your time away will not count towards those 14 days.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "
  • a letter of endorsement from your sport\u2019s governing body, if you\u2019re applying as a sportsperson or coach
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Read the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You cannot extend your stay if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must continue to meet the eligibility rules.

    ", + "

    You must be in the UK to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    Creative worker

    ", + "

    You can extend your visa for whichever is the shortest of:

    ", + "
  • up to 12 months
    • ", + "
  • the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days
    • ", + "
  • the time needed to extend your stay to the maximum of 24 months
    • ", + "

    You must stay with the same sponsor.

    ", + "

    Sports person

    ", + "

    You can extend your visa up to 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for this visa.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You should read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You can switch to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if you\u2019re in the UK on a Standard Visitor visa and your sponsor gave you a certificate of sponsorship for this visa before you came to the UK.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You cannot switch to this visa if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay for a maximum of up to 12 months after switching to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for this visa.

    ", + "

    How to switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK without applying for a visa in advance if you:

    ", + "
  • have a valid Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • are coming to work in the UK for 3 months or less
    • ", + "
  • do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor
    • ", + "

    You must still meet the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) eligibility criteria.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to extend your stay while you are in the UK, or switch to another temporary worker visa or a Skilled Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can travel with you if they also do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor.

    ", + "

    When you arrive in the UK

    ", + "

    You must see an immigration officer when you arrive in the UK - do not use the automatic ePassport gates. The officer will check:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship is valid
    • ", + "
  • you have enough money to support yourself
    • ", + "

    You will not be allowed to work if you use an automatic ePassport gate. You must see an immigration officer.

    ", + "

    If you enter the UK from Ireland

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to the UK from Ireland using the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession, you must apply for remote clearance at least 72 hours before you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)
    • ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition
    • ", + "
  • work as a sports broadcaster
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "
  • start your own business
    • ", + "
  • extend your stay or switch to another visa
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/government-authorised-exchange": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government-authorised-exchange", + "title": "Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5) if you:\n\n- want to come to the UK for a short time for work experience or to do training, an Overseas Government Language Programme, research or a fellowship through an approved government authorised exchange scheme\n\n- have a sponsor\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed sponsor before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nYour work, training or research in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\nYour sponsor can be any of the following:\n\n- an organisation running an approved exchange scheme\n\n- a higher education institution (if you are a sponsored researcher, visiting academic or examiner)\n\n- a government department or agency\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 12 or 24 months (depending on the scheme you\u2019re applying for) or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week as well as your main job\n\n- apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Global Talent visa if you\u2019re in the government authorised exchange scheme for sponsored researchers\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- take a permanent job\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have both of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.\n\nThey must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example your working hours.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to add your certificate of sponsorship reference number to your application form - you can only use it once.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou must also provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou might be able to extend your stay. You must still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nYou must apply while you\u2019re still in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to stay in the UK for up to a maximum of:\n\n- 12 months, if you\u2019re doing work experience\n\n- 24 months, if you\u2019re doing research, training or an Overseas Government Language Programme\n\nYou can also stay for the length of time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Changing your sponsor\n\nYou must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re a:\n\n- student, whether studying, resitting an examination or writing a thesis\n\n- student union sabbatical officer\n\n- student nurse\n\n- postgraduate doctor or dentist\n\n- student visa holder (including Tier 4)\n\n- sponsored researcher who came to the UK on a work permit and you want to continue in the same job with your sponsor\n\nYou must have completed a UK bachelor\u2019s or master\u2019s degree during your last grant of leave.\n\nYou must also meet the other eligibility requirements.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to switch your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5) if you:

    ", + "
  • want to come to the UK for a short time for work experience or to do training, an Overseas Government Language Programme, research or a fellowship through an approved government authorised exchange scheme
    • ", + "
  • have a sponsor
    • ", + "
  • meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange) visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Sponsorship

    ", + "

    You need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed sponsor before you can apply to come to the UK to work.

    ", + "

    Your work, training or research in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can be any of the following:

    ", + "
  • an organisation running an approved exchange scheme
    • ", + "
  • a higher education institution (if you are a sponsored researcher, visiting academic or examiner)
    • ", + "
  • a government department or agency
    • ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    The application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.

    ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 12 or 24 months (depending on the scheme you\u2019re applying for) or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)
    • ", + "
  • work in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job for up to 20 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week as well as your main job
    • ", + "
  • apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Global Talent visa if you\u2019re in the government authorised exchange scheme for sponsored researchers
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • take a permanent job
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must have both of the following:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.

    ", + "

    They must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example your working hours.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to add your certificate of sponsorship reference number to your application form - you can only use it once.

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.

    ", + "

    Multiple entry

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa.

    ", + "

    You must also provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Read the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Temporary worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You might be able to extend your stay. You must still meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    You must apply while you\u2019re still in the UK.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to stay in the UK for up to a maximum of:

    ", + "
  • 12 months, if you\u2019re doing work experience
    • ", + "
  • 24 months, if you\u2019re doing research, training or an Overseas Government Language Programme
    • ", + "

    You can also stay for the length of time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your visa.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You should read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Changing your sponsor

    ", + "

    You must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • student, whether studying, resitting an examination or writing a thesis
    • ", + "
  • student union sabbatical officer
    • ", + "
  • student nurse
    • ", + "
  • postgraduate doctor or dentist
    • ", + "
  • student visa holder (including Tier 4)
    • ", + "
  • sponsored researcher who came to the UK on a work permit and you want to continue in the same job with your sponsor
    • ", + "

    You must have completed a UK bachelor\u2019s or master\u2019s degree during your last grant of leave.

    ", + "

    You must also meet the other eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your visa.

    ", + "

    How to switch your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/international-agreement-worker-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/international-agreement-worker-visa", + "title": "Temporary Worker \u2013 International Agreement Worker visa (T5)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5) if you\u2019ll be contracted to do work covered by international law or treaty while in the UK. For example if you\u2019ll be:\n\n- working for a foreign government\n\n- working as a private servant in a diplomatic household\n\n- providing a service under contract as a contractual service supplier or independent professional\n\nYou must also meet the other eligibility requirements.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - International Agreement) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou need to be sponsored (have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer) before you can apply to come to the UK.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nIf you\u2019re working for a foreign government or as a private servant in a diplomatic household you can stay for 2 years, or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Providing a service under contract\n\nYou can stay for 6 months in any 12 month period, or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter if you are providing a service under contract:\n\n- in a relevant sector as set out in the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)\n\n- in another services trade agreement under which the United Kingdom has similar commitments\n\nYou can stay longer if your work is covered by one of the following agreements:\n\n- UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement - 12 months or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 14 days, whichever is shorter\n\n- Temporary agreement between the Swiss Confederation (Switzerland) and the UK on services mobility - 12 months in any 24 month period or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 14 days, whichever is shorter\n\n## When you can enter and leave\n\nYou can enter the UK 14 days before the start date on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou may be asked to leave the UK within 60 days if your job finishes early. It\u2019s unlikely you\u2019ll have to leave if your visa has less than 60 days remaining.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list or one in the same sector as your main job for up to 20 hours per week (unless you are a private servant, a contractual service supplier or an independent professional)\n\n- study, as long as it does not interfere with the job you\u2019re sponsored for\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start working before you get your visa\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5) if you have:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Work covered by international law\n\nYour work in the UK must be any of the following:\n\n- covered by the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)\n\n- covered by similar agreements between the UK and other countries\n\n- for an overseas government or international organisation\n\n- as a private servant in a diplomatic household or in the household of an employee of an international organisation\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about you and your job. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYour sponsor will also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, your working hours for example.\n\nYour sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be in the UK to extend your visa.\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa for up to 2 years at a time up to a total maximum stay of 6 years if you are working:\n\n- for a foreign government\n\n- as a private servant in a diplomatic household and applied for your visa before 5 April 2012\n\nIf you\u2019re working as a private servant in a diplomatic household and applied for your visa on or after 5 April 2012 your total maximum stay can only be 5 years or until the last date of your employer\u2019s posting, whichever is shorter.\n\nIf you\u2019re a contractual service supplier or independent professional you can only stay in the UK for a maximum of:\n\n- 12 months if providing a service under the UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement\n\n- 12 months in any 24 month period if providing a service under the Temporary agreement between the Swiss Confederation (Switzerland) and the UK on services mobility\n\n- 6 months in any 12 month period in all other cases\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can apply to switch into a Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5) while you are in the UK if you want to continue working for your current employer and you:\n\n- have a work permit\n\n- work for an overseas government or international organisation\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for 2 years or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to switch your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5) if you\u2019ll be contracted to do work covered by international law or treaty while in the UK. For example if you\u2019ll be:

    ", + "
  • working for a foreign government
    • ", + "
  • working as a private servant in a diplomatic household
    • ", + "
  • providing a service under contract as a contractual service supplier or independent professional
    • ", + "

    You must also meet the other eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - International Agreement) visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Sponsorship

    ", + "

    You need to be sponsored (have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer) before you can apply to come to the UK.

    ", + "

    The work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    The application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.

    ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re working for a foreign government or as a private servant in a diplomatic household you can stay for 2 years, or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    Providing a service under contract

    ", + "

    You can stay for 6 months in any 12 month period, or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter if you are providing a service under contract:

    ", + "
  • in a relevant sector as set out in the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
    • ", + "
  • in another services trade agreement under which the United Kingdom has similar commitments
    • ", + "

    You can stay longer if your work is covered by one of the following agreements:

    ", + "
  • UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement - 12 months or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 14 days, whichever is shorter
    • ", + "
  • Temporary agreement between the Swiss Confederation (Switzerland) and the UK on services mobility - 12 months in any 24 month period or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 14 days, whichever is shorter
    • ", + "

    When you can enter and leave

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK 14 days before the start date on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to leave the UK within 60 days if your job finishes early. It\u2019s unlikely you\u2019ll have to leave if your visa has less than 60 days remaining.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate
    • ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list or one in the same sector as your main job for up to 20 hours per week (unless you are a private servant, a contractual service supplier or an independent professional)
    • ", + "
  • study, as long as it does not interfere with the job you\u2019re sponsored for
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "
  • start working before you get your visa
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5) if you have:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    Work covered by international law

    ", + "

    Your work in the UK must be any of the following:

    ", + "
  • covered by the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)
    • ", + "
  • covered by similar agreements between the UK and other countries
    • ", + "
  • for an overseas government or international organisation
    • ", + "
  • as a private servant in a diplomatic household or in the household of an employee of an international organisation
    • ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about you and your job. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor will also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, your working hours for example.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.

    ", + "

    Multiple entry

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Read the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must be in the UK to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    You must continue to meet the eligibility rules.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa for up to 2 years at a time up to a total maximum stay of 6 years if you are working:

    ", + "
  • for a foreign government
    • ", + "
  • as a private servant in a diplomatic household and applied for your visa before 5 April 2012
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re working as a private servant in a diplomatic household and applied for your visa on or after 5 April 2012 your total maximum stay can only be 5 years or until the last date of your employer\u2019s posting, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a contractual service supplier or independent professional you can only stay in the UK for a maximum of:

    ", + "
  • 12 months if providing a service under the UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement
    • ", + "
  • 12 months in any 24 month period if providing a service under the Temporary agreement between the Swiss Confederation (Switzerland) and the UK on services mobility
    • ", + "
  • 6 months in any 12 month period in all other cases
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your visa.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch into a Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5) while you are in the UK if you want to continue working for your current employer and you:

    ", + "
  • have a work permit
    • ", + "
  • work for an overseas government or international organisation
    • ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay for 2 years or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your visa.

    ", + "

    How to switch your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/religious-worker-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/religious-worker-visa", + "title": "Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5) if:\n\n- you want to do religious work in a non-pastoral role or religious order\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Religious Worker) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou must have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed sponsor before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to your sponsor organisation\u2019s work.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you are applying to extend from inside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend from inside the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a visa to live and work in the UK for up to 24 months, or up to 28 days more than the time on your certificate of sponsorship. You may be sponsored for a shorter period.\n\nYou can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week outside the hours of your main job\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week outside the hours of your main job\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot get public funds.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have both of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about the job you\u2019ll do and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYour sponsor must also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, for example your working hours.\n\nYour sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\nYou must apply again if you want to change your job within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 24 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days - whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK to extend\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend as a partner\n\n- extend as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5) if:

    ", + "
  • you want to do religious work in a non-pastoral role or religious order
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Religious Worker) visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Sponsorship

    ", + "

    You must have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed sponsor before you can apply to come to the UK to work.

    ", + "

    The work you do in the UK must relate to your sponsor organisation\u2019s work.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Application fee

    ", + "

    The application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.

    ", + "

    The fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you are applying to extend from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend from inside the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a visa to live and work in the UK for up to 24 months, or up to 28 days more than the time on your certificate of sponsorship. You may be sponsored for a shorter period.

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate
    • ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • do a second job in the same sector at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week outside the hours of your main job
    • ", + "
  • do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week outside the hours of your main job
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    You cannot get public funds.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must have both of the following:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about the job you\u2019ll do and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor must also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, for example your working hours.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.

    ", + "

    Multiple entry

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your employer can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Read the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You can only extend your existing visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5).

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must continue to meet the eligibility rules.

    ", + "

    You must apply again if you want to change your job within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 24 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days - whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for your visa.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You should read the full guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK to extend

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/seasonal-worker-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seasonal-worker-visa", + "title": "Temporary Worker - Seasonal Worker visa (T5)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Seasonal Worker visa (T5) if you want to come to the UK for up to 6 months to do farm work. You\u2019ll need to:\n\n- have a sponsor\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 Seasonal Worker visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Fee\n\nThe visa costs \u00a3244.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 6 months.\n\nYou can enter the UK as soon as your visa is valid (up to 14 days before the start date of your job).\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- work in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- take a permanent job\n\n- work in a second job or a job that isn\u2019t described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- get public funds\n\n- bring family members with you\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be 18 or over when you apply and have both of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to add your certificate of sponsorship reference number to your visa application form - you can only use it once.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it\u2019s assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless your sponsor can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your sponsor can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your sponsor will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your sponsor will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your sponsor can support you)\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa. If you have another type of travel document (for example, a stateless person\u2019s travel document) it must have space for your visa.\n\nYou must also provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh, apart from your passport.\n\nThe Home Office might ask you to provide additional documents after you apply.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Seasonal Worker visa (T5) if you want to come to the UK for up to 6 months to do farm work. You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • have a sponsor
    • ", + "
  • meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 5 Seasonal Worker visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Fee

    ", + "

    The visa costs \u00a3244.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 6 months.

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK as soon as your visa is valid (up to 14 days before the start date of your job).

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • take a permanent job
    • ", + "
  • work in a second job or a job that isn\u2019t described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "
  • bring family members with you
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must be 18 or over when you apply and have both of the following:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    Certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    A certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.

    ", + "

    Your sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to add your certificate of sponsorship reference number to your visa application form - you can only use it once.

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it\u2019s assigned to you.

    ", + "

    Multiple entry

    ", + "

    Your sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless your sponsor can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    If your sponsor can support you instead

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your sponsor will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your sponsor will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your sponsor can support you)
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa. If you have another type of travel document (for example, a stateless person\u2019s travel document) it must have space for your visa.

    ", + "

    You must also provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh, apart from your passport.

    ", + "

    The Home Office might ask you to provide additional documents after you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/youth-mobility": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/youth-mobility", + "title": "Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you:\n\n- want to live and work in the UK for up to 2 years\n\n- are aged 18 to 30\n\n- have \u00a32,530 in savings\n\n- have certain types of British Nationality or are from certain countries or territories\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Youth Mobility Scheme) visa.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 6 months before you travel.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3244 to apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a visa to live and work in the UK for up to 24 months.\n\nYou can enter the UK at any time while your visa is valid, and leave and come back at any time during your stay.\n\nIf you turn 31 while you\u2019re in the UK, you can stay for as long as your visa is valid.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate\n\n- work in most jobs\n\n- be self-employed and set up a company - as long as your premises are rented, your equipment is not worth more than \u00a35,000 and you do not have any employees\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- work as a professional sportsperson (for example as a coach)\n\n- extend your stay\n\n- get public funds\n\n- bring in family members on your application - they must apply separately\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you\u2019re aged 18 to 30 and you\u2019re from:\n\n- Australia\n\n- Canada\n\n- Monaco\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- San Marino\n\nYou must be selected in the Youth Mobility Scheme ballot before you can apply for your visa if you\u2019re from:\n\n- Hong Kong\n\n- Japan\n\n- South Korea\n\n- Taiwan\n\nYou must also be aged 18 to 30 on the date you apply for your visa.\n\nYou can also apply if you\u2019re 18 to 30 and a:\n\n- British overseas citizen\n\n- British overseas territories citizen\n\n- British national (overseas)\n\nYou cannot apply if you have:\n\n- children under the age of 18 who live with you\n\n- children you\u2019re financially responsible for\n\n- already been in the UK under the scheme\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a32,530 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show proof of this when you apply.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- a bank statement showing you have at least \u00a32,530 in savings\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the Youth Mobility Scheme guidance before you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re from Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea or Taiwan, you must be successfully selected in the Youth Mobility Scheme ballot before you can apply for your visa.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you:

    ", + "
  • want to live and work in the UK for up to 2 years
    • ", + "
  • are aged 18 to 30
    • ", + "
  • have \u00a32,530 in savings
    • ", + "
  • have certain types of British Nationality or are from certain countries or territories
    • ", + "
  • meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Youth Mobility Scheme) visa.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 6 months before you travel.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3244 to apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a visa to live and work in the UK for up to 24 months.

    ", + "

    You can enter the UK at any time while your visa is valid, and leave and come back at any time during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you turn 31 while you\u2019re in the UK, you can stay for as long as your visa is valid.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate
    • ", + "
  • work in most jobs
    • ", + "
  • be self-employed and set up a company - as long as your premises are rented, your equipment is not worth more than \u00a35,000 and you do not have any employees
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • work as a professional sportsperson (for example as a coach)
    • ", + "
  • extend your stay
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "
  • bring in family members on your application - they must apply separately
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you\u2019re aged 18 to 30 and you\u2019re from:

    ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Monaco
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • San Marino
    • ", + "

    You must be selected in the Youth Mobility Scheme ballot before you can apply for your visa if you\u2019re from:

    ", + "
  • Hong Kong
    • ", + "
  • Japan
    • ", + "
  • South Korea
    • ", + "
  • Taiwan
    • ", + "

    You must also be aged 18 to 30 on the date you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    You can also apply if you\u2019re 18 to 30 and a:

    ", + "
  • British overseas citizen
    • ", + "
  • British overseas territories citizen
    • ", + "
  • British national (overseas)
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply if you have:

    ", + "
  • children under the age of 18 who live with you
    • ", + "
  • children you\u2019re financially responsible for
    • ", + "
  • already been in the UK under the scheme
    • ", + "

    Money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a32,530 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show proof of this when you apply.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • a bank statement showing you have at least \u00a32,530 in savings
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Read the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the Youth Mobility Scheme guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea or Taiwan, you must be successfully selected in the Youth Mobility Scheme ballot before you can apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/innovator-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/innovator-visa", + "title": "Innovator visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for an Innovator visa if:\n\n- you want to set up and run an innovative business in the UK - it must be something that\u2019s different from anything else on the market\n\n- your business or business idea has been endorsed by an approved body, also known as an endorsing body\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\n## If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be able to show that your business idea is:\n\n- new - you cannot join a business that is already trading\n\n- innovative - you must have an original business idea which is different from anything else on the market\n\n- viable, with potential for growth\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou must be able to speak, read, write and understand English. You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of English when you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible for an Innovator visa\n\nYou may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for 3 years if you either:\n\n- come to the UK on an Innovator visa\n\n- switch to this visa from another visa while in the UK\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay for another 3 years when your visa is due to expire. There\u2019s no limit on the number of times you can extend.\n\nYou may be able to apply for settlement once you\u2019ve been in the UK for 3 years.\n\n## If your endorsement is withdrawn\n\nYour visa may be cut short if your endorsement is withdrawn by the endorsing body. If you want to stay longer, you must re-apply with a new endorsement before your current visa expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and extending your current visa\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nYou can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:\n\n- 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\nIf you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nHow much you pay for an Innovator visa depends on your situation and where you apply from.\n\n| Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply (outside the UK) | Extend or switch (in the UK) |\n\n| You | \u00a31,021 | \u00a31,277 |\n\n| Your partner and children | \u00a31,021 each person | \u00a31,277 each person |\n\nYou must pay the visa fee for each person that applies at the same time as you or applies later to join you in the UK.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith an Innovator visa you can:\n\n- set up a business or several businesses\n\n- work for your business - this includes being employed as a director, or self-employed as a member of a business partnership\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 3 years and meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- do any work outside your business, for example work where you\u2019re employed by another business\n\n- work as a professional sportsperson, for example a sports coach\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with an Innovator visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nBefore you apply you need to have your business or business idea assessed by an endorsing body.\n\nThey will provide you with an endorsement letter if your business is eligible.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- meet the English language requirement\n\n- be at least 18 years old\n\n- be able to prove that you have enough personal savings to support yourself while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nRead the specific requirements for the Innovator visa before you apply.\n\n## If you want to set up a new business\n\nYou must have at least \u00a350,000 in investment funds to apply for an Innovator visa if you want to set up a new business.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prove where you got your funding from.\n\nYou do not need any investment funds if either:\n\n- your business is already established and has been endorsed for an earlier visa\n\n- you\u2019ve changed your business and already agreed it with your endorsing body\n\n## Supporting yourself\n\nYou need to have had at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you either:\n\n- apply for an Innovator visa\n\n- apply to extend your Innovator visa or switch to an Innovator visa if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than a year\n\nYou cannot use either of the following to support yourself:\n\n- money from your investment funds\n\n- money earned while working in the UK illegally\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## Sharing investment funds\n\nYou can form a team with other Innovator applicants, but you cannot share the same investment funds.\n\nYour team must have \u00a350,000 for each Innovator applicant. For example, if you have 2 Innovator applicants, your team must have \u00a3100,000 to invest.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.\n\n## Level of English\n\nYou must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to a level B2 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by:\n\n- passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider\n\n- having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18\n\n- having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply for confirmation through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\n## Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## Documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you need to provide an \u2018endorsement letter\u2019 to show that an endorsing body has assessed your business or business idea.\n\nYou also need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- bank statements showing you\u2019ve had at least \u00a31,270 in savings in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply\n\n- proof that you meet the English language requirement\n\n- evidence of your investment funds (if you\u2019re setting up a new business)\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for an Innovator visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply for an Innovator visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must each have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nIn addition to the \u00a31,270 you must have to support yourself, you - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have had the money in your bank account or your dependant\u2019s bank account for at least 28 days before you or they apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless you or they are applying from inside the UK and you\u2019ve been here for 1 year or more.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must either:\n\n- apply online as a partner\n\n- apply online as a child\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee). They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. This is to get a biometric residence permit, which they\u2019ll need to collect within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch)\n\nApply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you apply to extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children will not be able to apply to switch to an Innovator visa if they are currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and child must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch to an Innovator visa as your partner\n\n- extend or switch to an Innovator visa as your child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## Getting a faster decision\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can usually apply to extend an Innovator visa if both of the following apply:\n\n- you meet the eligibility requirements\n\n- you\u2019re still running a business in the UK or want to set up a new one\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou must have \u00a350,000 in investment funds if you want to set up a new business. You do not need funds if either:\n\n- your business is already established and has been endorsed for an earlier visa\n\n- you\u2019ve changed your business and already agreed it with your endorsing body\n\nYou need to have your business or business idea assessed by an endorsing body when you extend your visa.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck how much money you\u2019ll need to extend your visa and support yourself while you\u2019re in the UK.\n\nIn addition to the application fee, you may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a\nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply in the UK\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nYou can apply online to extend an Innovator visa you\u2019ve had in the last year.\n\nYou may also be able to apply at a visa application centre. You can apply from any country as long as you\u2019ve been given permission to live there for at least 6 months. Check if there\u2019s a visa application centre that you can travel to that accepts Innovator visa applications.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to an Innovator visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply to switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements.\n\n## Who cannot apply to switch to this visa\n\nYou cannot switch to this visa if you have one of the following:\n\n- a visit visa\n\n- a short-term student visa\n\n- a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- a seasonal worker visa\n\n- a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- immigration bail\n\n- permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for 3 years after switching to an Innovator visa.\n\nThere\u2019s no limit on the number of times you can extend your visa.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nCheck the visa application fees.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.\n\n## Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply to switch to an Innovator visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for an Innovator visa if:

    ", + "
  • you want to set up and run an innovative business in the UK - it must be something that\u2019s different from anything else on the market
    • ", + "
  • your business or business idea has been endorsed by an approved body, also known as an endorsing body
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must be able to show that your business idea is:

    ", + "
  • new - you cannot join a business that is already trading
    • ", + "
  • innovative - you must have an original business idea which is different from anything else on the market
    • ", + "
  • viable, with potential for growth
    • ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You must be able to speak, read, write and understand English. You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of English when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for an Innovator visa

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay for 3 years if you either:

    ", + "
  • come to the UK on an Innovator visa
    • ", + "
  • switch to this visa from another visa while in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay for another 3 years when your visa is due to expire. There\u2019s no limit on the number of times you can extend.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for settlement once you\u2019ve been in the UK for 3 years.

    ", + "

    If your endorsement is withdrawn

    ", + "

    Your visa may be cut short if your endorsement is withdrawn by the endorsing body. If you want to stay longer, you must re-apply with a new endorsement before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK and are coming to the UK
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and extending your current visa
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and switching from a different visa
    • ", + "

    You can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    You may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:

    ", + "
  • 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK
    • ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    How much you pay for an Innovator visa depends on your situation and where you apply from.

    ", + "Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply (outside the UK) | Extend or switch (in the UK)", + "You | \u00a31,021 | \u00a31,277", + "Your partner and children | \u00a31,021 each person | \u00a31,277 each person", + "

    You must pay the visa fee for each person that applies at the same time as you or applies later to join you in the UK.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    With an Innovator visa you can:

    ", + "
  • set up a business or several businesses
    • ", + "
  • work for your business - this includes being employed as a director, or self-employed as a member of a business partnership
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 3 years and meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • do any work outside your business, for example work where you\u2019re employed by another business
    • ", + "
  • work as a professional sportsperson, for example a sports coach
    • ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with an Innovator visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Before you apply you need to have your business or business idea assessed by an endorsing body.

    ", + "

    They will provide you with an endorsement letter if your business is eligible.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • meet the English language requirement
    • ", + "
  • be at least 18 years old
    • ", + "
  • be able to prove that you have enough personal savings to support yourself while you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "

    Read the specific requirements for the Innovator visa before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you want to set up a new business

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a350,000 in investment funds to apply for an Innovator visa if you want to set up a new business.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove where you got your funding from.

    ", + "

    You do not need any investment funds if either:

    ", + "
  • your business is already established and has been endorsed for an earlier visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve changed your business and already agreed it with your endorsing body
    • ", + "

    Supporting yourself

    ", + "

    You need to have had at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you either:

    ", + "
  • apply for an Innovator visa
    • ", + "
  • apply to extend your Innovator visa or switch to an Innovator visa if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than a year
    • ", + "

    You cannot use either of the following to support yourself:

    ", + "
  • money from your investment funds
    • ", + "
  • money earned while working in the UK illegally
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    Sharing investment funds

    ", + "

    You can form a team with other Innovator applicants, but you cannot share the same investment funds.

    ", + "

    Your team must have \u00a350,000 for each Innovator applicant. For example, if you have 2 Innovator applicants, your team must have \u00a3100,000 to invest.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.

    ", + "

    Level of English

    ", + "

    You must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to a level B2 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by:

    ", + "
  • passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider
    • ", + "
  • having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18
    • ", + "
  • having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply for confirmation through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you need to provide an \u2018endorsement letter\u2019 to show that an endorsing body has assessed your business or business idea.

    ", + "

    You also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • bank statements showing you\u2019ve had at least \u00a31,270 in savings in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply
    • ", + "
  • proof that you meet the English language requirement
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your investment funds (if you\u2019re setting up a new business)
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an Innovator visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply for an Innovator visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not
    • ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must each have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    In addition to the \u00a31,270 you must have to support yourself, you - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have had the money in your bank account or your dependant\u2019s bank account for at least 28 days before you or they apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless you or they are applying from inside the UK and you\u2019ve been here for 1 year or more.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as a partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as a child
    • ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee). They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, they\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. This is to get a biometric residence permit, which they\u2019ll need to collect within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch)

    ", + "

    Apply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you apply to extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will not be able to apply to switch to an Innovator visa if they are currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and child must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch to an Innovator visa as your partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch to an Innovator visa as your child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    Getting a faster decision

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can usually apply to extend an Innovator visa if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you meet the eligibility requirements
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still running a business in the UK or want to set up a new one
    • ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You must have \u00a350,000 in investment funds if you want to set up a new business. You do not need funds if either:

    ", + "
  • your business is already established and has been endorsed for an earlier visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve changed your business and already agreed it with your endorsing body
    • ", + "

    You need to have your business or business idea assessed by an endorsing body when you extend your visa.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check how much money you\u2019ll need to extend your visa and support yourself while you\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    In addition to the application fee, you may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a\nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply in the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply online to extend an Innovator visa you\u2019ve had in the last year.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to apply at a visa application centre. You can apply from any country as long as you\u2019ve been given permission to live there for at least 6 months. Check if there\u2019s a visa application centre that you can travel to that accepts Innovator visa applications.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not
    • ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to an Innovator visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    Who cannot apply to switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You cannot switch to this visa if you have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay for 3 years after switching to an Innovator visa.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no limit on the number of times you can extend your visa.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    Check the visa application fees.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply to switch to an Innovator visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not
    • ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/start-up-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/start-up-visa", + "title": "Start-up visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Start-up visa if:\n\n- you want to set up an innovative business in the UK - it must be something that\u2019s different from anything else on the market\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\n## If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be endorsed by an authorised body that is either:\n\n- a UK higher education institution\n\n- a business organisation with a history of supporting UK entrepreneurs\n\nYou must be able to show that your business idea is:\n\n- a new idea - you cannot join in a business that is already trading\n\n- innovative - you must have an original business idea which is different from anything else on the market\n\n- viable - it has potential for growth\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible for a Start-up visa\n\nYou may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for 2 years if you either:\n\n- come to the UK on a Start-up visa\n\n- switch to this visa from another visa while in the UK\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou cannot apply to extend this visa.\n\nYou may be able to switch to an Innovator visa if you set up a business while on a Start-up visa and:\n\n- your endorsing body assessed and agreed it\n\n- it is active, trading and sustainable\n\n- you have day to day involvement in it\n\n## If your endorsement is withdrawn\n\nYour visa may be cut short if your endorsement is withdrawn by the endorsing body. If you want to stay longer, you must re-apply with a new endorsement before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can only stay for a total of 2 years even if you\u2019re granted a new visa with a new endorsement.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nYou can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:\n\n- 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\nIf you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nHow much you pay for a Start-up visa depends on your situation and where you apply from.\n\n| Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply (outside the UK) | Switch (in the UK) |\n\n| Yourself | \u00a3363 | \u00a3493 |\n\n| Your partner and children | \u00a3363 each person | \u00a3493 each person |\n\nYou must pay the visa fee for each person that applies at the same time as you or applies later to join you in the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to switch in the UK\n\nYou may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith a Start-up visa you can:\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\n- work in another job, as well as working for your business\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\nYou can also switch to this visa from some other visa categories.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- work as a professional sportsperson, for example a sports coach\n\n- settle in the UK on this visa\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Start-up visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nBefore you apply you need to have your business or business idea assessed by an endorsing body.\n\nThey will provide you with an endorsement letter if your business is viable.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be at least 18 years old\n\n- meet the English language requirement\n\n- be able to prove that you have enough personal savings to support yourself while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nRead the specific requirements for the Start-up visa before you apply.\n\n## Supporting yourself\n\nYou need to have had at least \u00a31270 in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply, or if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than a year and applying to switch to this visa.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.\n\n## Level of English\n\nYou must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to a level B2 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by:\n\n- passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider\n\n- having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18\n\n- having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply for confirmation through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\n## Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you need to provide an \u2018endorsement letter\u2019 to show that an endorsing body has assessed your business.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- bank statements showing you\u2019ve had at least \u00a31270 in savings in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply\n\n- proof that you meet the English language requirement\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Start-up visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply for a Start-up visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must each have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nIn addition to the \u00a31,270 you must have to support yourself, you - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have had the money in your bank account or your dependant\u2019s bank account for at least 28 days before you or they apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless you or they are applying from inside the UK and you\u2019ve been here for 1 year or more.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must either:\n\n- apply online as a partner\n\n- apply online as a child\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. This is to get a biometric residence permit, which they\u2019ll need to collect within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (switch)\n\nApply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children will not be able to apply to switch to a Start-up visa if they are currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and child must apply online to either:\n\n- switch to a Start-up visa as your partner\n\n- switch to a Start-up visa as your child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## Getting a faster decision\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Start-up visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply to switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements.\n\n## Who cannot apply to switch to this visa\n\nYou cannot switch to this visa if you have one of the following:\n\n- a visit visa\n\n- a short-term student visa\n\n- a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- a seasonal worker visa\n\n- a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- immigration bail\n\n- permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\nYou must leave the UK and make your application from abroad if you\u2019re here on a different type of visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years on a Start-up visa. Any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa counts as part of the 2 years.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nCheck the visa application fees.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.\n\n## Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply to switch to a Start-up visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Start-up visa if:

    ", + "
  • you want to set up an innovative business in the UK - it must be something that\u2019s different from anything else on the market
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must be endorsed by an authorised body that is either:

    ", + "
  • a UK higher education institution
    • ", + "
  • a business organisation with a history of supporting UK entrepreneurs
    • ", + "

    You must be able to show that your business idea is:

    ", + "
  • a new idea - you cannot join in a business that is already trading
    • ", + "
  • innovative - you must have an original business idea which is different from anything else on the market
    • ", + "
  • viable - it has potential for growth
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for a Start-up visa

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay for 2 years if you either:

    ", + "
  • come to the UK on a Start-up visa
    • ", + "
  • switch to this visa from another visa while in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to extend this visa.

    ", + "

    You may be able to switch to an Innovator visa if you set up a business while on a Start-up visa and:

    ", + "
  • your endorsing body assessed and agreed it
    • ", + "
  • it is active, trading and sustainable
    • ", + "
  • you have day to day involvement in it
    • ", + "

    If your endorsement is withdrawn

    ", + "

    Your visa may be cut short if your endorsement is withdrawn by the endorsing body. If you want to stay longer, you must re-apply with a new endorsement before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You can only stay for a total of 2 years even if you\u2019re granted a new visa with a new endorsement.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK and are coming to the UK
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and switching from a different visa
    • ", + "

    You can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    You may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:

    ", + "
  • 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK
    • ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    How much you pay for a Start-up visa depends on your situation and where you apply from.

    ", + "Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply (outside the UK) | Switch (in the UK)", + "Yourself | \u00a3363 | \u00a3493", + "Your partner and children | \u00a3363 each person | \u00a3493 each person", + "

    You must pay the visa fee for each person that applies at the same time as you or applies later to join you in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to switch in the UK

    ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    With a Start-up visa you can:

    ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "
  • work in another job, as well as working for your business
    • ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK
    • ", + "

    You can also switch to this visa from some other visa categories.

    ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • work as a professional sportsperson, for example a sports coach
    • ", + "
  • settle in the UK on this visa
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Start-up visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Before you apply you need to have your business or business idea assessed by an endorsing body.

    ", + "

    They will provide you with an endorsement letter if your business is viable.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be at least 18 years old
    • ", + "
  • meet the English language requirement
    • ", + "
  • be able to prove that you have enough personal savings to support yourself while you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "

    Read the specific requirements for the Start-up visa before you apply.

    ", + "

    Supporting yourself

    ", + "

    You need to have had at least \u00a31270 in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply, or if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than a year and applying to switch to this visa.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.

    ", + "

    Level of English

    ", + "

    You must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to a level B2 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by:

    ", + "
  • passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider
    • ", + "
  • having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18
    • ", + "
  • having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply for confirmation through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you need to provide an \u2018endorsement letter\u2019 to show that an endorsing body has assessed your business.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • bank statements showing you\u2019ve had at least \u00a31270 in savings in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply
    • ", + "
  • proof that you meet the English language requirement
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Start-up visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply for a Start-up visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not
    • ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must each have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    In addition to the \u00a31,270 you must have to support yourself, you - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3315 for one child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3200 for each additional child
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have had the money in your bank account or your dependant\u2019s bank account for at least 28 days before you or they apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless you or they are applying from inside the UK and you\u2019ve been here for 1 year or more.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as a partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as a child
    • ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, they\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. This is to get a biometric residence permit, which they\u2019ll need to collect within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (switch)

    ", + "

    Apply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will not be able to apply to switch to a Start-up visa if they are currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and child must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • switch to a Start-up visa as your partner
    • ", + "
  • switch to a Start-up visa as your child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    Getting a faster decision

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Start-up visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    Who cannot apply to switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You cannot switch to this visa if you have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and make your application from abroad if you\u2019re here on a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for 2 years on a Start-up visa. Any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa counts as part of the 2 years.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    Check the visa application fees.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply to switch to a Start-up visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not
    • ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/global-talent": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/global-talent", + "title": "Apply for the Global Talent visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Global Talent visa to work in the UK if you\u2019re a leader or potential leader in one of the following fields:\n\n- academia or research\n\n- arts and culture\n\n- digital technology\n\nYou must also be at least 18 years old.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Before you apply for a visa\n\nYou can usually only apply for a Global Talent visa if you have successfully applied for an endorsement to prove that you are a leader or potential leader.\n\nYou can apply for the visa without an endorsement if you\u2019ve won an eligible award. Find out which awards are eligible.\n\nFind out what you can do with a Global Talent visa and how to apply for an endorsement if you work in one of the following fields:\n\n- academia or research\n\n- arts and culture\n\n- digital technology\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for a Global Talent visa, there are other ways to work in the UK - for example a Skilled Worker visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can live and work in the UK for up to 5 years at a time.\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nThere\u2019s no limit to how long you can stay in the UK in total, but you will need to renew (\u2018extend\u2019) your visa when it expires. Each extension can last from 1 to 5 years - you choose how long you want the extension to be.\n\nYou may be able to get indefinite leave to remain so you can settle in the UK after 3 or 5 years, depending on which field you work in and how you apply. This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and extending your current visa\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:\n\n- 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\nIf you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3608 to apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying based on an endorsement, you\u2019ll pay the \u00a3608 in two parts:\n\n- \u00a3456 when you apply for the endorsement\n\n- \u00a3152 when you apply for the visa itself\n\nIf you\u2019re applying based on an eligible award, you\u2019ll pay the full \u00a3608 when you apply for the visa.\n\nIf you\u2019re including your partner or children in your application, they\u2019ll each need to pay \u00a3608.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application - this is usually \u00a3624 per year for each person applying.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 when you apply for the visa itself if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nIf you\u2019ve had an award or scholarship to study in the UK in the last year, you\u2019ll also need written permission to apply from the agency or government that granted it.\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- from outside the EU, EEA or Switzerland\n\n- from the EU, EEA or Switzerland but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it\n\nIf you\u2019ve won an eligible award, the Home Office will look at publicly available information (such as the award organisation\u2019s website) to confirm that you\u2019ve won. You\u2019ll only be asked for evidence of your win if they cannot find this.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nBefore you apply for the Global Talent visa, you need to have either:\n\n- won an eligible award\n\n- successfully applied for an endorsement to prove that you are a leader or potential leader in your field\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for an endorsement\n\nFind out how to apply for an endorsement before you apply for a visa.\n\nWhen you have an endorsement, you can apply for this visa if:\n\n- you\u2019ve been endorsed by an organisation approved by the Home Office\n\n- you\u2019re applying within 3 months of receiving your endorsement letter\n\n- the organisation that endorsed you has not withdrawn its approval\n\nIf you apply for the visa before you have applied for an endorsement, your visa application may be rejected, but you\u2019ll get the visa application fee back, minus the processing fee.\n\n## How to apply for the visa\n\nYou can apply online for a Global Talent visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner and children will need to apply separately, and use your application number, to travel with you or join you in the UK if they are eligible.\n\nYou may also be able to apply at a visa application centre. You can apply from any country as long as you\u2019ve been given permission to live there for at least 6 months. Check if there\u2019s a visa application centre that you can travel to that accepts Global Talent visa applications.\n\nIf you\u2019re already living in the UK, you and your partner and children may be able to extend a Global Talent visa or switch to a Global Talent visa.\n\n## Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply for a Global Talent visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be supported by you without using benefits (\u2018public funds\u2019)\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3608 for each dependant applying.\n\nThey also need to pay:\n\n- the healthcare surcharge\n\n- \u00a319.20 to have their biometric information (fingerprints and photo) taken if they\u2019re applying in the UK\n\n## If your partner or children are outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must either:\n\n- apply online as a partner\n\n- apply online as a child\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll be asked to provide your application number so the Home Office can link their application to you.\n\n## If your partner or children are already in the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nApply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you extend your own Global Talent visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner and child can apply to switch to your Global Talent visa as your dependants, unless they are currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and child must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become British citizens.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can usually apply to extend your stay in the UK if either:\n\n- you applied for the Global Talent visa based on an endorsement, and the organisation that endorsed you has not withdrawn its approval\n\n- you applied for a Global Talent visa based on an eligible award you won, and the award has not been withdrawn\n\nYou must be able to show that you earned money in your expert field during your time in the UK by sending evidence toward your application, for example payslips.\n\nYour partner or child will need to apply separately.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nApplicants who currently have a Tier 1 (Exceptional Talent) visa can extend under the Global Talent category.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa for up to 5 years at a time. You can renew your visa as many times as you like, as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou may be able to get indefinite leave to remain so you can settle in the UK after 3 or 5 years, depending on which field you work in and how you apply. This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3608 to apply to extend a Global Talent visa from inside or outside the UK.\n\nYour partner and children must pay the visa fee of \u00a3608 if they want to apply to travel with you or join you later in the UK.\n\nYou may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## Proving your identity and giving supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.\n\nHow you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a\nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply in the UK\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nYou can apply online to extend a Global Talent visa you\u2019ve had in the last year.\n\nYou may also be able to apply at a visa application centre. You can apply from any country as long as you\u2019ve been given permission to live there for at least 6 months. Check if there\u2019s a visa application centre that you can travel to that accepts Global Talent visa applications.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Global Talent visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.\n\nYour partner or child will need to apply separately.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo switch to a Global Talent visa you must be in the UK and have either:\n\n- won an eligible award\n\n- proven that you are a leader or potential leader in one of the fields covered by the visa - this is also called getting an endorsement\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for an endorsement\n\nThe fields you must prove you\u2019re a leader or potential leader in are:\n\n- academia or research\n\n- arts and culture\n\n- digital technology\n\nYou must apply to switch to the Global Talent visa within 3 months of getting an endorsement.\n\nYou cannot apply for the visa if the organisation that endorsed you has withdrawn its approval.\n\nIf you apply for the visa before you have applied for an endorsement, your visa application may be rejected, but you\u2019ll get the visa application fee back, minus the processing fee.\n\n## If you have dependents\n\nApply to switch your dependants\u2019 visas at the same time as you switch your own visa. If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can switch their visas at a later date - this must be before their current visa expires.\n\n## Who cannot apply to switch to this visa\n\nYou cannot apply to switch to this visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\nYou must leave the UK and apply for a Global Talent visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can choose how long you want to apply for, up to 5 years at a time.\n\nAfter you apply, you can stay in the UK until you get your decision.\n\nIf you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme, you do not need to apply for a visa.\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou may be able to get indefinite leave to remain so you can settle in the UK after 3 or 5 years, depending on which field you work in and how you apply. This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Fees\n\nSwitching to a Global Talent visa costs \u00a3608.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying based on an endorsement, you\u2019ll pay the \u00a3608 in two parts:\n\n- \u00a3456 when you apply for the endorsement\n\n- \u00a3152 when you apply for the visa itself\n\nIf you\u2019re applying based on an eligible award, you\u2019ll pay the full \u00a3608 when you apply for the visa.\n\nYour partner and children must pay \u00a3608 each if they want to apply to travel with you or join you later in the UK.\n\nYou may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 when you apply to switch to the visa itself if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## Proving your identity and giving supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.\n\nHow you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to switch to a Global Talent visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nDecisions are usually made within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Global Talent visa to work in the UK if you\u2019re a leader or potential leader in one of the following fields:

    ", + "
  • academia or research
    • ", + "
  • arts and culture
    • ", + "
  • digital technology
    • ", + "

    You must also be at least 18 years old.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Before you apply for a visa

    ", + "

    You can usually only apply for a Global Talent visa if you have successfully applied for an endorsement to prove that you are a leader or potential leader.

    ", + "

    You can apply for the visa without an endorsement if you\u2019ve won an eligible award. Find out which awards are eligible.

    ", + "

    Find out what you can do with a Global Talent visa and how to apply for an endorsement if you work in one of the following fields:

    ", + "
  • academia or research
    • ", + "
  • arts and culture
    • ", + "
  • digital technology
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for a Global Talent visa, there are other ways to work in the UK - for example a Skilled Worker visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can live and work in the UK for up to 5 years at a time.

    ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no limit to how long you can stay in the UK in total, but you will need to renew (\u2018extend\u2019) your visa when it expires. Each extension can last from 1 to 5 years - you choose how long you want the extension to be.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get indefinite leave to remain so you can settle in the UK after 3 or 5 years, depending on which field you work in and how you apply. This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK and are coming to the UK
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and extending your current visa
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK and switching from a different visa
    • ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    You may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:

    ", + "
  • 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK
    • ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3608 to apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying based on an endorsement, you\u2019ll pay the \u00a3608 in two parts:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3456 when you apply for the endorsement
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3152 when you apply for the visa itself
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying based on an eligible award, you\u2019ll pay the full \u00a3608 when you apply for the visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re including your partner or children in your application, they\u2019ll each need to pay \u00a3608.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application - this is usually \u00a3624 per year for each person applying.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 when you apply for the visa itself if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve had an award or scholarship to study in the UK in the last year, you\u2019ll also need written permission to apply from the agency or government that granted it.

    ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.

    ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • from outside the EU, EEA or Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • from the EU, EEA or Switzerland but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve won an eligible award, the Home Office will look at publicly available information (such as the award organisation\u2019s website) to confirm that you\u2019ve won. You\u2019ll only be asked for evidence of your win if they cannot find this.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Before you apply for the Global Talent visa, you need to have either:

    ", + "
  • won an eligible award
    • ", + "
  • successfully applied for an endorsement to prove that you are a leader or potential leader in your field
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an endorsement

    ", + "

    Find out how to apply for an endorsement before you apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    When you have an endorsement, you can apply for this visa if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been endorsed by an organisation approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying within 3 months of receiving your endorsement letter
    • ", + "
  • the organisation that endorsed you has not withdrawn its approval
    • ", + "

    If you apply for the visa before you have applied for an endorsement, your visa application may be rejected, but you\u2019ll get the visa application fee back, minus the processing fee.

    ", + "

    How to apply for the visa

    ", + "

    You can apply online for a Global Talent visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children will need to apply separately, and use your application number, to travel with you or join you in the UK if they are eligible.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to apply at a visa application centre. You can apply from any country as long as you\u2019ve been given permission to live there for at least 6 months. Check if there\u2019s a visa application centre that you can travel to that accepts Global Talent visa applications.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already living in the UK, you and your partner and children may be able to extend a Global Talent visa or switch to a Global Talent visa.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you do need an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    Apply for a Global Talent visa

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not
    • ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be supported by you without using benefits (\u2018public funds\u2019)
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3608 for each dependant applying.

    ", + "

    They also need to pay:

    ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge
    • ", + "
  • \u00a319.20 to have their biometric information (fingerprints and photo) taken if they\u2019re applying in the UK
    • ", + "

    If your partner or children are outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as a partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as a child
    • ", + "

    Each family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll be asked to provide your application number so the Home Office can link their application to you.

    ", + "

    If your partner or children are already in the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    Apply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you extend your own Global Talent visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner and child can apply to switch to your Global Talent visa as your dependants, unless they are currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and child must apply online to either:

    ", + "
  • extend or switch as a partner
    • ", + "
  • extend or switch as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become British citizens.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can usually apply to extend your stay in the UK if either:

    ", + "
  • you applied for the Global Talent visa based on an endorsement, and the organisation that endorsed you has not withdrawn its approval
    • ", + "
  • you applied for a Global Talent visa based on an eligible award you won, and the award has not been withdrawn
    • ", + "

    You must be able to show that you earned money in your expert field during your time in the UK by sending evidence toward your application, for example payslips.

    ", + "

    Your partner or child will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Applicants who currently have a Tier 1 (Exceptional Talent) visa can extend under the Global Talent category.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa for up to 5 years at a time. You can renew your visa as many times as you like, as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to get indefinite leave to remain so you can settle in the UK after 3 or 5 years, depending on which field you work in and how you apply. This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3608 to apply to extend a Global Talent visa from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must pay the visa fee of \u00a3608 if they want to apply to travel with you or join you later in the UK.

    ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and giving supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a\nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply in the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply online to extend a Global Talent visa you\u2019ve had in the last year.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to apply at a visa application centre. You can apply from any country as long as you\u2019ve been given permission to live there for at least 6 months. Check if there\u2019s a visa application centre that you can travel to that accepts Global Talent visa applications.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Global Talent visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner or child will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To switch to a Global Talent visa you must be in the UK and have either:

    ", + "
  • won an eligible award
    • ", + "
  • proven that you are a leader or potential leader in one of the fields covered by the visa - this is also called getting an endorsement
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for an endorsement

    ", + "

    The fields you must prove you\u2019re a leader or potential leader in are:

    ", + "
  • academia or research
    • ", + "
  • arts and culture
    • ", + "
  • digital technology
    • ", + "

    You must apply to switch to the Global Talent visa within 3 months of getting an endorsement.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for the visa if the organisation that endorsed you has withdrawn its approval.

    ", + "

    If you apply for the visa before you have applied for an endorsement, your visa application may be rejected, but you\u2019ll get the visa application fee back, minus the processing fee.

    ", + "

    If you have dependents

    ", + "

    Apply to switch your dependants\u2019 visas at the same time as you switch your own visa. If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can switch their visas at a later date - this must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Who cannot apply to switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to switch to this visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:

    ", + "
  • on a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • on a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and apply for a Global Talent visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can choose how long you want to apply for, up to 5 years at a time.

    ", + "

    After you apply, you can stay in the UK until you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme, you do not need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to get indefinite leave to remain so you can settle in the UK after 3 or 5 years, depending on which field you work in and how you apply. This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Switching to a Global Talent visa costs \u00a3608.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying based on an endorsement, you\u2019ll pay the \u00a3608 in two parts:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3456 when you apply for the endorsement
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3152 when you apply for the visa itself
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying based on an eligible award, you\u2019ll pay the full \u00a3608 when you apply for the visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must pay \u00a3608 each if they want to apply to travel with you or join you later in the UK.

    ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an eligible country

    ", + "

    Your application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 when you apply to switch to the visa itself if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    This reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and giving supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch to a Global Talent visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Decisions are usually made within 8 weeks of your application date.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tier-1-entrepreneur": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tier-1-entrepreneur", + "title": "Entrepreneur visa (Tier 1)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can no longer apply for a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa.\n\nIf you want to set up or run a business in the UK you might be able to apply for an Innovator visa or a Start-up visa.\n\n## If you already have a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa\n\nYou can still apply:\n\n- to settle in the UK (indefinite leave to remain)\n\n- to extend your visa\n\n- for family members to join you\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou may be able to extend your Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa if you:\n\n- registered as a director or as self-employed no more than 6 months after the date you were given permission to stay in the UK under a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa\n\n- can prove you\u2019ve been self-employed, a member of a partnership or working as a director of a business 3 months before you apply\n\n- created at least 2 full time jobs that have existed for at least 12 months\n\n- can continue to support yourself\n\nYou must have invested into 1 or more UK businesses either:\n\n- \u00a3200,000 in cash\n\n- \u00a350,000 in cash\n\nThe amount depends on the level of funds your initial application was based on.\n\nYou should include any dependants who are on your current visa on your application to extend - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nYou should read the full guidance on the Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa before you apply.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a31,277 to extend this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. You\u2019ll pay as part of your application.\n\n## How to extend your visa if you\u2019re in the UK\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made on your application within 8 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer. This could be because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## How to extend your visa if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re outside the UK, you must apply online to extend a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nIf you\u2019re already in the UK you may be able to switch to a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa if:\n\n- you\u2019re on a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa\n\n- you switched to a Start-up visa from a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa for your second year\n\nYou must meet the eligibility requirements for a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa. You must have:\n\n- \u00a350,000 in funds to spend in the UK\n\n- a viable business plan\n\nYou must apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for 3 years if your application to switch is successful.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a31,277 to switch to this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. You\u2019ll pay as part of your application.\n\n## How to apply to switch your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance on the Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to switch to this visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made on your application within 8 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer. This could be because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## Switching to this visa if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYou can apply to switch to a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa if you have:\n\n- a valid Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa\n\n- a valid Start-up visa, and you switched from a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa for your second year\n\n- a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa that expired less than 12 months ago\n\n- a Start-up visa that expired less than 12 months ago, and you switched from a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa for your second year\n\n## Family members\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can join you if you\u2019re in the UK on this visa. Your family members must apply for their own visa.\n\nIf they\u2019re from the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland and arrive before 1 January 2021, they may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nA \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:\n\n- your partner\n\n- your child under 18\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as a dependant\n\nRead the guidance on dependant applications before you apply.\n\nAdult family members must provide a criminal record certificate from any country they have lived in for 12 months or more in the last 10 years.\n\n## Savings\n\nYou must show that your dependants can be supported while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nEach dependant must have a certain amount of money available to them - this is in addition to the \u00a3945 you must have to support yourself.\n\nThe amount depends on your circumstances. You must have \u00a31,890 for each dependant if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 12 months. If you\u2019ve been in the UK for more than 12 months, you must have \u00a3630 for each dependant.\n\nYou must have proof you have the money, and that it\u2019s been in your bank account or your dependant\u2019s bank account for at least 90 days before you or they apply.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a31878 for each family member.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. They\u2019ll pay as part of their application.\n\nIf your family member is applying from within the UK, they may be able to pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a faster decision.\n\n## Dependants applying outside the UK\n\nYour family members must apply online.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of their application.\n\nThey\u2019ll have to collect their biometric residence permit within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if they actually arrive at a later date).\n\nThey may be able to get their visa faster or other services depending on what country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.\n\nIf your child is over 18 they cannot apply if they are outside the UK. They can apply from inside the UK if they are already here as your dependant.\n\n## Dependants applying in the UK on their own\n\nYour dependants can apply to extend or switch their visas to stay with you if they\u2019re already in the UK. Dependants must either:\n\n- apply online as a dependant partner\n\n- apply online as a dependant child\n\nFamily members cannot apply in the UK as your dependant if they hold a visitor visa.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen they apply, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo).\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nThey\u2019ll be contacted if their application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if their supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if they need to attend an interview\n\n- because of their personal circumstances (for example if they have a criminal conviction)\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied they can stay in the UK until they\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as they applied before their last visa expired.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYour family can get help with completing the online form if they:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYour family can only use this service if they\u2019re applying to extend or switch to your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Children born while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, you can apply online to add them to your visa as your dependant.\n\nYou must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can no longer apply for a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa.

    ", + "

    If you want to set up or run a business in the UK you might be able to apply for an Innovator visa or a Start-up visa.

    ", + "

    If you already have a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa

    ", + "

    You can still apply:

    ", + "
  • to settle in the UK (indefinite leave to remain)
    • ", + "
  • to extend your visa
    • ", + "
  • for family members to join you
    • ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to extend your Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa if you:

    ", + "
  • registered as a director or as self-employed no more than 6 months after the date you were given permission to stay in the UK under a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa
    • ", + "
  • can prove you\u2019ve been self-employed, a member of a partnership or working as a director of a business 3 months before you apply
    • ", + "
  • created at least 2 full time jobs that have existed for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • can continue to support yourself
    • ", + "

    You must have invested into 1 or more UK businesses either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3200,000 in cash
    • ", + "
  • \u00a350,000 in cash
    • ", + "

    The amount depends on the level of funds your initial application was based on.

    ", + "

    You should include any dependants who are on your current visa on your application to extend - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    You should read the full guidance on the Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa before you apply.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a31,277 to extend this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. You\u2019ll pay as part of your application.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa if you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made on your application within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer. This could be because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa if you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK, you must apply online to extend a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already in the UK you may be able to switch to a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re on a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa
    • ", + "
  • you switched to a Start-up visa from a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa for your second year
    • ", + "

    You must meet the eligibility requirements for a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa. You must have:

    ", + "
  • \u00a350,000 in funds to spend in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a viable business plan
    • ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay for 3 years if your application to switch is successful.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a31,277 to switch to this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. You\u2019ll pay as part of your application.

    ", + "

    How to apply to switch your visa

    ", + "

    You should read the full guidance on the Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to switch to this visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made on your application within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer. This could be because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Switching to this visa if you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch to a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa if you have:

    ", + "
  • a valid Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa
    • ", + "
  • a valid Start-up visa, and you switched from a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa for your second year
    • ", + "
  • a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa that expired less than 12 months ago
    • ", + "
  • a Start-up visa that expired less than 12 months ago, and you switched from a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa for your second year
    • ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can join you if you\u2019re in the UK on this visa. Your family members must apply for their own visa.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re from the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland and arrive before 1 January 2021, they may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    A \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as a dependant
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on dependant applications before you apply.

    ", + "

    Adult family members must provide a criminal record certificate from any country they have lived in for 12 months or more in the last 10 years.

    ", + "

    Savings

    ", + "

    You must show that your dependants can be supported while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    Each dependant must have a certain amount of money available to them - this is in addition to the \u00a3945 you must have to support yourself.

    ", + "

    The amount depends on your circumstances. You must have \u00a31,890 for each dependant if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 12 months. If you\u2019ve been in the UK for more than 12 months, you must have \u00a3630 for each dependant.

    ", + "

    You must have proof you have the money, and that it\u2019s been in your bank account or your dependant\u2019s bank account for at least 90 days before you or they apply.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a31878 for each family member.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. They\u2019ll pay as part of their application.

    ", + "

    If your family member is applying from within the UK, they may be able to pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Dependants applying outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your family members must apply online.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of their application.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll have to collect their biometric residence permit within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if they actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    They may be able to get their visa faster or other services depending on what country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    If your child is over 18 they cannot apply if they are outside the UK. They can apply from inside the UK if they are already here as your dependant.

    ", + "

    Dependants applying in the UK on their own

    ", + "

    Your dependants can apply to extend or switch their visas to stay with you if they\u2019re already in the UK. Dependants must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as a dependant partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as a dependant child
    • ", + "

    Family members cannot apply in the UK as your dependant if they hold a visitor visa.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When they apply, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll be contacted if their application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if their supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if they need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of their personal circumstances (for example if they have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied they can stay in the UK until they\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as they applied before their last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    Your family can get help with completing the online form if they:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    Your family can only use this service if they\u2019re applying to extend or switch to your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Children born while you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, you can apply online to add them to your visa as your dependant.

    ", + "

    You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/tier-1-investor": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tier-1-investor", + "title": "Investor visa (Tier 1)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa if:\n\n- you want to invest \u00a32,000,000 or more in the UK\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou must have access to at least \u00a32,000,000 in investment funds to apply.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Fees\n\nYou must pay \u00a31,623 to apply for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa. The fee is the same if you\u2019re extending or switching visas, or if you\u2019re applying as a family member.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can come to the UK with a Tier 1 (Investor) visa for a maximum of 3 years and 4 months.\n\nYou can apply to extend this visa for another 2 years.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- work or study\n\n- apply to settle after 2 years if you invest \u00a310 million\n\n- apply to settle after 3 years if you invest \u00a35 million\n\n- apply to settle after 5 years if you invest \u00a32 million\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- work as a professional sportsperson or sports coach\n\n- get public funds\n\nYou also cannot work as a doctor or dentist in training unless one of the following applies:\n\n- you have a primary degree at bachelors level or above in medicine or dentistry from a UK institution that holds a Student sponsor licence or is a UK-recognised or listed body\n\n- you worked as a doctor or dentist in training the last time you were in the UK\n\n- neither of those conditions were part of the terms and conditions on a previous visa\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have at least \u00a32,000,000 investment funds to apply for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa.\n\nYou must:\n\n- be 18 or over to apply for this visa\n\n- be able to prove that the money belongs to either you or your husband, wife, unmarried or same-sex partner\n\n- have opened an account at a UK regulated bank to use for your funds\n\nYour funds must be:\n\n- held in one or more regulated financial institutions\n\n- free to spend (\u2018disposable\u2019) in the UK\n\nYour money can be in the UK or overseas when you apply.\n\n## Students with financial sponsorship\n\nYou may be able to apply for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa if you\u2019re already in the UK and you\u2019re a student (including Tier 4) visa holder.\n\nYou must have unconditional agreement in writing from your financial sponsor to re-enter or stay in the UK if your course fees and living costs were paid by either:\n\n- a government\n\n- an international scholarship agency\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a criminal record certificate from any country you have stayed in for a total of 12 months or more over the last 10 years\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\n## Evidence of investment funds\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence showing that you have the required investment funds.\n\n## Your own money\n\nIf you\u2019re using your own money to invest, you should be able to show:\n\n- how much money you have and where it\u2019s being held\n\n- where the money came from if you\u2019ve had the money for less than 2 years, for example you inherited it from a relative\n\n- that the money can be transferred to the UK and converted to sterling (if it\u2019s not already in the UK)\n\n## Your partner\u2019s money\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a certificate of marriage or civil partnership, or in the case of unmarried or same-sex relationships, proof that you are in a long-term relationship (at least 2 years)\n\n- a statement from your partner confirming that they will allow you to control the funds in the UK\n\n- a letter from a legal adviser stating that the declaration is valid\n\nRead the guide for a list of documents you can provide.\n\n## Evidence you have a UK bank account\n\nYou must provide a letter to prove you have an account at a UK regulated bank to use for your investment funds. The letter must:\n\n- have been issued by an authorised official\n\n- be dated within 3 months of your application\n\n- be on the official headed paper of the bank\n\n- state your name and account number\n\n- confirm you\u2019ve opened an account with the bank in order to invest \u00a32,000,000\n\n- confirm the bank is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority\n\n- confirm checks for money-laundering have been carried out\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou must collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply in the UK\n\nCheck if you can apply from inside the UK to:\n\n- extend your existing Tier 1 (Investor) visa\n\n- switch to this visa from another visa\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou may be able to extend your Tier 1 (Investor) visa.\n\nYou should include any dependants who are on your current visa on your application to extend - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires. Read the full guidance on the Tier 1 (Investor) visa before you apply.\n\n## You successfully applied for your visa before 6 November 2014\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa if you:\n\n- have at least \u00a31,000,000 under your control in the UK\n\n- have invested at least \u00a3750,000 (or 75%) of that in UK government bonds, share capital or loan capital in active UK companies\n\n- invested this sum within 3 months of your \u2018investor start date\u2019\n\n## Funds under your control in the UK\n\nThis sum should include the \u00a3750,000 (or more) investment and \u00a3250,000 (or the balance needed) to bring it up to at least \u00a31,000,000.\n\nThese funds can be either:\n\n- your own money or your partner\u2019s money\n\n- money that has been loaned to you by a UK regulated financial institution, as long as you have personal assets with a value of \u00a32,000,000 or more\n\nYou cannot mix the 2 sources of funds.\n\n## You successfully applied for your visa on or after 6 November 2014\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa if you:\n\n- have at least \u00a32,000,000 under your control in the UK\n\n- have invested those funds in share capital or loan capital in active UK companies\n\n- invested this sum within 3 months of your \u2018investor start date\u2019\n\nIf you successfully applied before 29 March 2019, you can also apply to extend if you invested your funds in UK government bonds.\n\n## Funds under your control in the UK\n\nYou must have invested the full amount made up of your own money or your partner\u2019s money.\n\n## Investment made within 3 months of your investor start date\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a series of investment portfolio reports produced by a UK regulated financial institution that show:\n\n- you invested at least \u00a3750,000 in UK government bonds or UK business within 3 months of your investor start date (if you first got your visa under the Immigration Rules in place before 6 November 2014)\n\n- you invested all \u00a32 million (if you first got your visa under the Immigration Rules in place on or after 6 November 2014)\n\n- this level of investment has been maintained for the length of your visa\n\nYour \u2018investor start date\u2019 is either:\n\n- the date you came into the UK (if you have proof of this)\n\n- the date your original visa application or switch from a different visa category was approved (if you cannot prove your date of entry)\n\n## How to extend your visa if you\u2019re in the UK\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Fees\n\nFor each person, you\u2019ll need to pay:\n\n- \u00a31,623 to extend this visa\n\n- the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay\n\n- \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken\n\nIf you want to get a decision more quickly than the standard 8 weeks, you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will usually be made:\n\n- within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service\n\n- within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complicated and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## How to extend your visa if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re outside the UK, you must apply online to extend a Tier 1 (Investor) visa.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou may be able to switch to a Tier 1 (Investor) visa.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply to switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019re already in the UK under one of the following categories:\n\n- Tier 1 (General)\n\n- Tier 1 (Entrepreneur)\n\n- any Tier 2 category\n\n- Student (including Tier 4)\n\nYou must leave the UK and make your application from abroad if you\u2019re in another category.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay a maximum of 3 years after switching to a Tier 1 (Investor) visa. You can also extend your visa if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Fees\n\nFor each person, you\u2019ll need to pay:\n\n- \u00a31,623 to switch to this visa\n\n- the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay\n\n- \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken\n\nIf you want to get a decision more quickly than the standard 8 weeks, you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\n## How to switch\n\nRead the full guidance on the Tier 1 (Investor) visa before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will usually be made:\n\n- within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service\n\n- within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## Family members\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can join you if you\u2019re in the UK on this visa. Your family members must apply for their own visa.\n\nIf they\u2019re from the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland and arrive before 1 January 2021, they may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nA \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife or partner\n\n- your child under 18\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as a dependant\n\nRead the guidance on dependant applications before you apply.\n\nAdult family members must provide a criminal record certificate from any country they have lived in for 12 months or more in the last 10 years.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## Dependants applying from outside the UK\n\nYour family members must apply online.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of their application.\n\nThey\u2019ll have to collect their biometric residence permit within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if they actually arrive at a later date).\n\nThey may be able to get their visa faster or other services depending on what country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.\n\nIf your child is over 18 they cannot apply if they are outside the UK. They can apply from inside the UK if they are already here as your dependant.\n\n## Dependants applying in the UK\n\nYou can include dependants in your online application to extend or switch to a Tier 1 (Investor) visa if they want to do it at the same time as you.\n\nIf they want to extend or switch their visa at a different time, they can:\n\n- apply online - dependant partner application\n\n- apply online - dependant child application\n\nFamily members cannot apply in the UK as your dependant if they hold a visitor visa.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen they apply, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo).\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of their application date if they use the standard service.\n\nIf they pay an extra \u00a3800 to use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after their UKVCAS appointment if their appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after their UKVCAS appointment if their appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nThey\u2019ll be contacted if their application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if their supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if they need to attend an interview\n\n- because of their personal circumstances (for example if they have a criminal conviction)\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied they can stay in the UK until they\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as they applied before their last visa expired.\n\n## Children born while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, you can apply online to add them to your visa as your dependant.\n\nYou must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa if:

    ", + "
  • you want to invest \u00a32,000,000 or more in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You must have access to at least \u00a32,000,000 in investment funds to apply.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    You must pay \u00a31,623 to apply for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa. The fee is the same if you\u2019re extending or switching visas, or if you\u2019re applying as a family member.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can come to the UK with a Tier 1 (Investor) visa for a maximum of 3 years and 4 months.

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend this visa for another 2 years.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work or study
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle after 2 years if you invest \u00a310 million
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle after 3 years if you invest \u00a35 million
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle after 5 years if you invest \u00a32 million
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • work as a professional sportsperson or sports coach
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "

    You also cannot work as a doctor or dentist in training unless one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you have a primary degree at bachelors level or above in medicine or dentistry from a UK institution that holds a Student sponsor licence or is a UK-recognised or listed body
    • ", + "
  • you worked as a doctor or dentist in training the last time you were in the UK
    • ", + "
  • neither of those conditions were part of the terms and conditions on a previous visa
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a32,000,000 investment funds to apply for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • be 18 or over to apply for this visa
    • ", + "
  • be able to prove that the money belongs to either you or your husband, wife, unmarried or same-sex partner
    • ", + "
  • have opened an account at a UK regulated bank to use for your funds
    • ", + "

    Your funds must be:

    ", + "
  • held in one or more regulated financial institutions
    • ", + "
  • free to spend (\u2018disposable\u2019) in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your money can be in the UK or overseas when you apply.

    ", + "

    Students with financial sponsorship

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa if you\u2019re already in the UK and you\u2019re a student (including Tier 4) visa holder.

    ", + "

    You must have unconditional agreement in writing from your financial sponsor to re-enter or stay in the UK if your course fees and living costs were paid by either:

    ", + "
  • a government
    • ", + "
  • an international scholarship agency
    • ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel identification
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "
  • a criminal record certificate from any country you have stayed in for a total of 12 months or more over the last 10 years
    • ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Evidence of investment funds

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence showing that you have the required investment funds.

    ", + "

    Your own money

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using your own money to invest, you should be able to show:

    ", + "
  • how much money you have and where it\u2019s being held
    • ", + "
  • where the money came from if you\u2019ve had the money for less than 2 years, for example you inherited it from a relative
    • ", + "
  • that the money can be transferred to the UK and converted to sterling (if it\u2019s not already in the UK)
    • ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s money

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of marriage or civil partnership, or in the case of unmarried or same-sex relationships, proof that you are in a long-term relationship (at least 2 years)
    • ", + "
  • a statement from your partner confirming that they will allow you to control the funds in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a letter from a legal adviser stating that the declaration is valid
    • ", + "

    Read the guide for a list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    Evidence you have a UK bank account

    ", + "

    You must provide a letter to prove you have an account at a UK regulated bank to use for your investment funds. The letter must:

    ", + "
  • have been issued by an authorised official
    • ", + "
  • be dated within 3 months of your application
    • ", + "
  • be on the official headed paper of the bank
    • ", + "
  • state your name and account number
    • ", + "
  • confirm you\u2019ve opened an account with the bank in order to invest \u00a32,000,000
    • ", + "
  • confirm the bank is regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority
    • ", + "
  • confirm checks for money-laundering have been carried out
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Tier 1 (Investor) visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.

    ", + "

    You must collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply in the UK

    ", + "

    Check if you can apply from inside the UK to:

    ", + "
  • extend your existing Tier 1 (Investor) visa
    • ", + "
  • switch to this visa from another visa
    • ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to extend your Tier 1 (Investor) visa.

    ", + "

    You should include any dependants who are on your current visa on your application to extend - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires. Read the full guidance on the Tier 1 (Investor) visa before you apply.

    ", + "

    You successfully applied for your visa before 6 November 2014

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa if you:

    ", + "
  • have at least \u00a31,000,000 under your control in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have invested at least \u00a3750,000 (or 75%) of that in UK government bonds, share capital or loan capital in active UK companies
    • ", + "
  • invested this sum within 3 months of your \u2018investor start date\u2019
    • ", + "

    Funds under your control in the UK

    ", + "

    This sum should include the \u00a3750,000 (or more) investment and \u00a3250,000 (or the balance needed) to bring it up to at least \u00a31,000,000.

    ", + "

    These funds can be either:

    ", + "
  • your own money or your partner\u2019s money
    • ", + "
  • money that has been loaned to you by a UK regulated financial institution, as long as you have personal assets with a value of \u00a32,000,000 or more
    • ", + "

    You cannot mix the 2 sources of funds.

    ", + "

    You successfully applied for your visa on or after 6 November 2014

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa if you:

    ", + "
  • have at least \u00a32,000,000 under your control in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have invested those funds in share capital or loan capital in active UK companies
    • ", + "
  • invested this sum within 3 months of your \u2018investor start date\u2019
    • ", + "

    If you successfully applied before 29 March 2019, you can also apply to extend if you invested your funds in UK government bonds.

    ", + "

    Funds under your control in the UK

    ", + "

    You must have invested the full amount made up of your own money or your partner\u2019s money.

    ", + "

    Investment made within 3 months of your investor start date

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a series of investment portfolio reports produced by a UK regulated financial institution that show:

    ", + "
  • you invested at least \u00a3750,000 in UK government bonds or UK business within 3 months of your investor start date (if you first got your visa under the Immigration Rules in place before 6 November 2014)
    • ", + "
  • you invested all \u00a32 million (if you first got your visa under the Immigration Rules in place on or after 6 November 2014)
    • ", + "
  • this level of investment has been maintained for the length of your visa
    • ", + "

    Your \u2018investor start date\u2019 is either:

    ", + "
  • the date you came into the UK (if you have proof of this)
    • ", + "
  • the date your original visa application or switch from a different visa category was approved (if you cannot prove your date of entry)
    • ", + "

    How to extend your visa if you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    For each person, you\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,623 to extend this visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "
  • \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken
    • ", + "

    If you want to get a decision more quickly than the standard 8 weeks, you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will usually be made:

    ", + "
  • within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service
    • ", + "
  • within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complicated and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa if you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK, you must apply online to extend a Tier 1 (Investor) visa.

    ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to switch to a Tier 1 (Investor) visa.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019re already in the UK under one of the following categories:

    ", + "
  • Tier 1 (General)
    • ", + "
  • Tier 1 (Entrepreneur)
    • ", + "
  • any Tier 2 category
    • ", + "
  • Student (including Tier 4)
    • ", + "

    You must leave the UK and make your application from abroad if you\u2019re in another category.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay a maximum of 3 years after switching to a Tier 1 (Investor) visa. You can also extend your visa if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    For each person, you\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,623 to switch to this visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "
  • \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken
    • ", + "

    If you want to get a decision more quickly than the standard 8 weeks, you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.

    ", + "

    How to switch

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance on the Tier 1 (Investor) visa before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will usually be made:

    ", + "
  • within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service
    • ", + "
  • within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can join you if you\u2019re in the UK on this visa. Your family members must apply for their own visa.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re from the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland and arrive before 1 January 2021, they may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    A \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife or partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as a dependant
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on dependant applications before you apply.

    ", + "

    Adult family members must provide a criminal record certificate from any country they have lived in for 12 months or more in the last 10 years.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Check the fees for this visa.

    ", + "

    Dependants applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your family members must apply online.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of their application.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll have to collect their biometric residence permit within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if they actually arrive at a later date).

    ", + "

    They may be able to get their visa faster or other services depending on what country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    If your child is over 18 they cannot apply if they are outside the UK. They can apply from inside the UK if they are already here as your dependant.

    ", + "

    Dependants applying in the UK

    ", + "

    You can include dependants in your online application to extend or switch to a Tier 1 (Investor) visa if they want to do it at the same time as you.

    ", + "

    If they want to extend or switch their visa at a different time, they can:

    ", + "
  • apply online - dependant partner application
    • ", + "
  • apply online - dependant child application
    • ", + "

    Family members cannot apply in the UK as your dependant if they hold a visitor visa.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When they apply, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of their application date if they use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If they pay an extra \u00a3800 to use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after their UKVCAS appointment if their appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after their UKVCAS appointment if their appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll be contacted if their application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if their supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if they need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of their personal circumstances (for example if they have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied they can stay in the UK until they\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as they applied before their last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Children born while you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, you can apply online to add them to your visa as your dependant.

    ", + "

    You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/ancestry-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ancestry-visa", + "title": "UK Ancestry visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a UK Ancestry visa if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen\n\n- you can prove one of your grandparents was born in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man\n\n- you\u2019re able and planning to work in the UK\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Fees\n\nA UK Ancestry visa costs \u00a3516.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou may also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 5 years on this visa.\n\n## Applying to stay longer in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years on this visa, you may be able to either:\n\n- apply to extend your visa for a further 5 years\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK (apply for \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019)\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- work\n\n- study\n\n- bring your partner or child\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- change (\u2018switch\u2019) into this visa if you came to the UK on a different visa\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must prove that you:\n\n- are 17 or over\n\n- have enough money without help from public funds to support and house yourself and any dependants\n\n- can and plan to work in the UK\n\n## Your ancestry\n\nYou must show that you have a grandparent born in one of the following circumstances:\n\n- in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man\n\n- before 31 March 1922 in what is now Ireland\n\n- on a ship or aircraft that was either registered in the UK or belonged to the UK government\n\nYou can claim ancestry if:\n\n- you or your parent were adopted\n\n- your parents or grandparents were not married\n\nYou cannot claim UK ancestry through step-parents.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible.\n\nA \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:\n\n- your partner\n\n- your child under 18\n\n- your child aged 18 or over who was previously on your or your partner\u2019s visa as a dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove one of the following:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## Your child\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be supported by you without using public funds\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner or child must apply online.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYour partner and children may be able to extend their visa or switch to a UK Ancestry visa to stay with you in the UK.\n\nYou can add your partner or children to your application when you extend your visa. They do not need to apply separately.\n\n## Switch to an Ancestry visa\n\nYour partner or child can apply to switch their visa online.\n\nThey cannot apply to switch if they\u2019re currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visitor visa\n\n- on a Short-term study visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a Seasonal Worker visa\n\n- on a Domestic Workers in a Private Household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\nIf they\u2019re in one of those categories, they must leave the UK and apply for a UK Ancestry visa from abroad.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Children born while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a current passport (with a blank page for your visa) or another valid travel document\n\n- your full birth certificate\n\n- the full birth certificates of the parent and grandparent your ancestry claim is based on\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re planning to work in the UK, for example job offers you\u2019ve received or a business plan if you\u2019re self-employed\n\n- evidence, such as bank statements, that prove you can support yourself and any dependants in the UK - it must be dated within 31 days from when you submit your application\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:\n\n- evidence that your parents or grandparents have changed their name since birth, for example marriage or civil partnership certificates or a deed poll\n\n- legal adoption papers if you or your parents are adopted\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take a TB test\n\n- your marriage certificate or civil partnership registration document if your spouse or civil partner wants to join you in the UK\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a UK Ancestry visa before you travel to the UK.\n\n## Applying with your family\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you in the UK. Each family member will need to make their own application to come to the UK as your \u2018dependant\u2019.\n\n## When to apply\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel to the UK.\n\n## Apply online\n\nAs part of your online application, you will need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nApply online\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa and stay in the UK for a further 5 years. You must apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can extend this visa as many times as you like, as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nYou can also apply to settle in the UK permanently if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years on this visa.\n\n## Extending with your partner or children\n\nYou should include any dependants (your partner or children) who are on your current visa on your application to extend. This includes children who have turned 18 during your stay. They do not need to apply separately.\n\n## Fees\n\nFor each person applying you\u2019ll need to pay:\n\n- the \u00a31,033 application fee\n\n- the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay\n\n- \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply online, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\n## Extend your visa online\n\nYou must apply online to extend your visa.\n\nApply online\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## After you apply\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 8 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a UK Ancestry visa if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen
    • ", + "
  • you can prove one of your grandparents was born in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able and planning to work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    A UK Ancestry visa costs \u00a3516.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You may also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for 5 years on this visa.

    ", + "

    Applying to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years on this visa, you may be able to either:

    ", + "
  • apply to extend your visa for a further 5 years
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK (apply for \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019)
    • ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner or child
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • change (\u2018switch\u2019) into this visa if you came to the UK on a different visa
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must prove that you:

    ", + "
  • are 17 or over
    • ", + "
  • have enough money without help from public funds to support and house yourself and any dependants
    • ", + "
  • can and plan to work in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your ancestry

    ", + "

    You must show that you have a grandparent born in one of the following circumstances:

    ", + "
  • in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man
    • ", + "
  • before 31 March 1922 in what is now Ireland
    • ", + "
  • on a ship or aircraft that was either registered in the UK or belonged to the UK government
    • ", + "

    You can claim ancestry if:

    ", + "
  • you or your parent were adopted
    • ", + "
  • your parents or grandparents were not married
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim UK ancestry through step-parents.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    A \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18
    • ", + "
  • your child aged 18 or over who was previously on your or your partner\u2019s visa as a dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    Your child

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be supported by you without using public funds
    • ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner or child must apply online.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)

    ", + "

    Your partner and children may be able to extend their visa or switch to a UK Ancestry visa to stay with you in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can add your partner or children to your application when you extend your visa. They do not need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Switch to an Ancestry visa

    ", + "

    Your partner or child can apply to switch their visa online.

    ", + "

    They cannot apply to switch if they\u2019re currently in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on a visitor visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Short-term study visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Seasonal Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • on a Domestic Workers in a Private Household visa
    • ", + "
  • on immigration bail
    • ", + "
  • because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds
    • ", + "

    If they\u2019re in one of those categories, they must leave the UK and apply for a UK Ancestry visa from abroad.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Children born while you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport (with a blank page for your visa) or another valid travel document
    • ", + "
  • your full birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • the full birth certificates of the parent and grandparent your ancestry claim is based on
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019re planning to work in the UK, for example job offers you\u2019ve received or a business plan if you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "
  • evidence, such as bank statements, that prove you can support yourself and any dependants in the UK - it must be dated within 31 days from when you submit your application
    • ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • evidence that your parents or grandparents have changed their name since birth, for example marriage or civil partnership certificates or a deed poll
    • ", + "
  • legal adoption papers if you or your parents are adopted
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take a TB test
    • ", + "
  • your marriage certificate or civil partnership registration document if your spouse or civil partner wants to join you in the UK
    • ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a UK Ancestry visa before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    Applying with your family

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you in the UK. Each family member will need to make their own application to come to the UK as your \u2018dependant\u2019.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you will need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa and stay in the UK for a further 5 years. You must apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You can extend this visa as many times as you like, as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    You can also apply to settle in the UK permanently if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years on this visa.

    ", + "

    Extending with your partner or children

    ", + "

    You should include any dependants (your partner or children) who are on your current visa on your application to extend. This includes children who have turned 18 during your stay. They do not need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    For each person applying you\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • the \u00a31,033 application fee
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "
  • \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken
    • ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply online, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    Extend your visa online

    ", + "

    You must apply online to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/frontier-worker-permit": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/frontier-worker-permit", + "title": "Frontier Worker permit", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA Frontier Worker permit lets you come to the UK to work while living elsewhere.\n\nYou may be eligible if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- you live outside of the UK\n\n- you began working in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\nYou must usually have worked in the UK at least once every 12 months since you started working here. You may still be able to apply if you\u2019ve had periods of unemployment or were unable to work during this time.\n\nIf you\u2019re an Irish citizen, you do not need to apply for a Frontier Worker permit but you can choose to do so.\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019re a British citizen (this includes dual citizenship).\n\n## If you have not worked in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\nIf you want to work in the UK from 1 January 2021, and were not working here before, you\u2019ll need to apply for a visa.\n\nThe visa you\u2019ll need depends on the type of work and how long you want to come for. Check which type of visa you\u2019ll need.\n\nYou do not need a visa if you\u2019re a British or Irish citizen.\n\n## What the permit allows you to do\n\nYou can use your permit to enter the UK as a frontier worker and show your right to:\n\n- work\n\n- rent\n\n- access benefits and services, including NHS healthcare, if you meet the relevant eligibility requirements\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to apply for the permit, and you do not have to pay the immigration health surcharge. You may have to pay to submit your biometric information (photograph or fingerprints).\n\n## When and how to apply\n\nIf you\u2019re a frontier worker, you\u2019ll need a permit to enter the UK to work from 1 July 2021. You can use your passport or national identity card until then.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ll also need to go to an appointment at a visa application centre or UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nYou will not usually need an appointment if you can use a smartphone app and have a passport or ID card with a biometric chip.\n\n## If you need an appointment\n\nAllow extra time to arrange your appointment and travel to the centre - there may not be one near you. You may need to pay for your appointment.\n\nThe centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application.\n\n## Family members\n\nFamily members are not covered by your Frontier Worker permit.\n\nYour family member may be eligible to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme for settled or pre-settled status.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can only apply for a Frontier Worker permit if you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, and you:\n\n- live outside the UK\n\n- meet the requirements for working in the UK\n\n## Living outside the UK\n\nYou must live \u2018primarily\u2019 outside of the UK. How you meet this requirement depends on how much time you\u2019ve spent here since 1 January 2020.\n\nYou\u2019ll be eligible if you\u2019ve spent less than 180 days in total in the UK over the course of any 12 month period.\n\n## If you\u2019ve spent 180 days or more in the UK within 12 months\n\nYou\u2019ll still be eligible if, in that 12 month period, you returned to the country you live in at least either:\n\n- once every 6 months\n\n- twice in the 12 month period\n\nYou\u2019ll still be able to apply if there are exceptional circumstances meaning you could not travel to your country of residence in this period, such as an illness or accident.\n\n## Working in the UK\n\nYou must:\n\n- have started working in the UK while living elsewhere by 31 December 2020, either as an employed or self-employed person\n\n- do eligible work\n\n- usually have worked in the UK (as an employed or self-employed person) at least once every 12 months since you started working here\n\n## Eligible work\n\nYou\u2019ll be eligible as long as your work in the UK is \u2018genuine and effective\u2019. This means it must be more than small, one-off tasks, such as:\n\n- an interview\n\n- taking part in a one-off competition or audition\n\n- signing a contract\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure if your work is eligible, the Home Office has guidance on what counts as genuine and effective work.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been unable to work or unemployed in the UK during a 12 month period\n\nYou might still be eligible if you\u2019ve been unemployed or not worked during this time because you were:\n\n- temporarily unable to work because of an illness or accident\n\n- temporarily unable to work because you were pregnant or had given birth\n\n- unable to come to the UK and work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\n- voluntarily unemployed and doing vocational training related to your last occupation\n\n- involuntarily unemployed, and either looking for work in the UK or doing vocational training\n\nThis is known as having \u2018retained worker\u2019 or \u2018retained self-employed person\u2019 status.\n\nIf you became involuntarily unemployed and are looking for work, you\u2019ll keep your status for:\n\n- 6 months if you worked in the UK for less than a year before becoming unemployed\n\n- as long as you continue to look for work, if you worked in the UK for a year or more before becoming unemployed\n\nYou\u2019ll need to be registered as a jobseeker with an employment office (such as Jobcentre Plus) and provide evidence that you\u2019re looking for work in the UK.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\n## Documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need a valid passport or national identity card.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told which documents you need to provide when you apply. Some depend on whether you\u2019re employed or self-employed, for example:\n\n- an employment contract, or contracts to work in the UK\n\n- payslips, or copies of invoices for work carried out in the UK\n\nIf you have \u2018retained\u2019 status, you\u2019ll be asked for evidence for which criteria you meet. For example, a letter from a doctor if you have an illness, or copies of recent job applications if you\u2019re unemployed and seeking work.\n\nThe Home Office has more examples of the types of evidence you will be asked for.\n\n## How you\u2019ll prove your identity\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on what identity document you use and whether you can use the UK Immigration: ID check app.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration account)\n\n- have your photograph and fingerprints taken at a visa application centre (if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK and cannot use the smartphone app)\n\n- have your photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point (if you\u2019re applying from inside the UK and cannot use the smartphone app)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nApply online for your Frontier Worker permit.\n\nApply now\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nApply online for your Frontier Worker permit.\n\nApply now\n\nIf you were a frontier worker on or before 31 December 2020, you can use your passport or national identity card to travel to the UK and work until 30 June 2021.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application by following the same process as cancelling a visa or citizenship application.\n\n## If your application is successful\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a decision notice saying your application has been approved.\n\nIf you applied using the \u2018UK Immigration: ID check\u2019 app, you\u2019ll be issued a digital version of your permit.\n\nIf you do not use the smartphone app to apply, you\u2019ll either be sent:\n\n- a physical version of the permit (if you applied inside the UK)\n\n- an email explaining how you can come to the UK and collect your permit (if you applied outside the UK)\n\nYour permit will last for 5 years, or 2 years if you apply with \u2018retained\u2019 status.\n\n## When you\u2019re working in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay tax on your UK income.\n\nYou can change jobs or move from being employed to self-employed in the UK without needing to tell the Home Office.\n\nYou need to tell the Home Office if you stop working in the UK and do not meet one of the retained status criteria.\n\n## Reporting a problem with your physical permit\n\nYour permit should arrive within 10 days of receiving the decision notice about your application. You should get an email with information about your permit being sent to you.\n\nIf your permit does not arrive, you should first contact the delivery service.\n\nIf you cannot resolve the issue with the delivery service, and it has been more than 10 days since you received your decision notice, you should contact the Home Office.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to tell the Home Office if:\n\n- you did not get an email from UKVI with your permit delivery information\n\n- your permit has a mistake on it (for example your name, date of birth or gender is wrong)\n\n- your permit gets lost, stolen or damaged\n\nYou can report your problem by phone. You\u2019ll need:\n\n- your full name, date of birth and nationality\n\n- your Home Office reference number (this is in the email you got with your application decision)\n\n- an email address or UK postal address\n\nYou can get someone to report for you, for example a legal representative or employer. The phone number is different if someone is reporting on your behalf.\n\n## If your application is unsuccessful\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision notice explaining why it was refused. It will explain if you have the right to either an:\n\n- administrative review\n\n- immigration decision appeal\n\n## Renewing your permit\n\nWhen you renew your permit, you\u2019ll need to show that you continued to meet the eligibility requirements over the period of time since you last applied.\n\nIf you\u2019re not employed or self-employed at the point you apply to renew, or you\u2019re temporarily unable to work, you\u2019ll still be able to apply for a 2-year permit as someone with \u2018retained\u2019 status (as long as you meet the requirements).\n\nApply to renew your permit.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A Frontier Worker permit lets you come to the UK to work while living elsewhere.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • you live outside of the UK
    • ", + "
  • you began working in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "

    You must usually have worked in the UK at least once every 12 months since you started working here. You may still be able to apply if you\u2019ve had periods of unemployment or were unable to work during this time.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an Irish citizen, you do not need to apply for a Frontier Worker permit but you can choose to do so.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply if you\u2019re a British citizen (this includes dual citizenship).

    ", + "

    If you have not worked in the UK by 31 December 2020

    ", + "

    If you want to work in the UK from 1 January 2021, and were not working here before, you\u2019ll need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    The visa you\u2019ll need depends on the type of work and how long you want to come for. Check which type of visa you\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    You do not need a visa if you\u2019re a British or Irish citizen.

    ", + "

    What the permit allows you to do

    ", + "

    You can use your permit to enter the UK as a frontier worker and show your right to:

    ", + "
  • work
    • ", + "
  • rent
    • ", + "
  • access benefits and services, including NHS healthcare, if you meet the relevant eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee to apply for the permit, and you do not have to pay the immigration health surcharge. You may have to pay to submit your biometric information (photograph or fingerprints).

    ", + "

    When and how to apply

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a frontier worker, you\u2019ll need a permit to enter the UK to work from 1 July 2021. You can use your passport or national identity card until then.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ll also need to go to an appointment at a visa application centre or UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.

    ", + "

    You will not usually need an appointment if you can use a smartphone app and have a passport or ID card with a biometric chip.

    ", + "

    If you need an appointment

    ", + "

    Allow extra time to arrange your appointment and travel to the centre - there may not be one near you. You may need to pay for your appointment.

    ", + "

    The centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application.

    ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    Family members are not covered by your Frontier Worker permit.

    ", + "

    Your family member may be eligible to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme for settled or pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a Frontier Worker permit if you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, and you:

    ", + "
  • live outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • meet the requirements for working in the UK
    • ", + "

    Living outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must live \u2018primarily\u2019 outside of the UK. How you meet this requirement depends on how much time you\u2019ve spent here since 1 January 2020.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be eligible if you\u2019ve spent less than 180 days in total in the UK over the course of any 12 month period.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve spent 180 days or more in the UK within 12 months

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be eligible if, in that 12 month period, you returned to the country you live in at least either:

    ", + "
  • once every 6 months
    • ", + "
  • twice in the 12 month period
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be able to apply if there are exceptional circumstances meaning you could not travel to your country of residence in this period, such as an illness or accident.

    ", + "

    Working in the UK

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • have started working in the UK while living elsewhere by 31 December 2020, either as an employed or self-employed person
    • ", + "
  • do eligible work
    • ", + "
  • usually have worked in the UK (as an employed or self-employed person) at least once every 12 months since you started working here
    • ", + "

    Eligible work

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be eligible as long as your work in the UK is \u2018genuine and effective\u2019. This means it must be more than small, one-off tasks, such as:

    ", + "
  • an interview
    • ", + "
  • taking part in a one-off competition or audition
    • ", + "
  • signing a contract
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure if your work is eligible, the Home Office has guidance on what counts as genuine and effective work.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been unable to work or unemployed in the UK during a 12 month period

    ", + "

    You might still be eligible if you\u2019ve been unemployed or not worked during this time because you were:

    ", + "
  • temporarily unable to work because of an illness or accident
    • ", + "
  • temporarily unable to work because you were pregnant or had given birth
    • ", + "
  • unable to come to the UK and work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)
    • ", + "
  • voluntarily unemployed and doing vocational training related to your last occupation
    • ", + "
  • involuntarily unemployed, and either looking for work in the UK or doing vocational training
    • ", + "

    This is known as having \u2018retained worker\u2019 or \u2018retained self-employed person\u2019 status.

    ", + "

    If you became involuntarily unemployed and are looking for work, you\u2019ll keep your status for:

    ", + "
  • 6 months if you worked in the UK for less than a year before becoming unemployed
    • ", + "
  • as long as you continue to look for work, if you worked in the UK for a year or more before becoming unemployed
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to be registered as a jobseeker with an employment office (such as Jobcentre Plus) and provide evidence that you\u2019re looking for work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need a valid passport or national identity card.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told which documents you need to provide when you apply. Some depend on whether you\u2019re employed or self-employed, for example:

    ", + "
  • an employment contract, or contracts to work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • payslips, or copies of invoices for work carried out in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you have \u2018retained\u2019 status, you\u2019ll be asked for evidence for which criteria you meet. For example, a letter from a doctor if you have an illness, or copies of recent job applications if you\u2019re unemployed and seeking work.

    ", + "

    The Home Office has more examples of the types of evidence you will be asked for.

    ", + "

    How you\u2019ll prove your identity

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on what identity document you use and whether you can use the UK Immigration: ID check app.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration account)
    • ", + "
  • have your photograph and fingerprints taken at a visa application centre (if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK and cannot use the smartphone app)
    • ", + "
  • have your photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point (if you\u2019re applying from inside the UK and cannot use the smartphone app)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Apply online for your Frontier Worker permit.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Apply from inside the UK

    ", + "

    Apply online for your Frontier Worker permit.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    If you were a frontier worker on or before 31 December 2020, you can use your passport or national identity card to travel to the UK and work until 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application by following the same process as cancelling a visa or citizenship application.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a decision notice saying your application has been approved.

    ", + "

    If you applied using the \u2018UK Immigration: ID check\u2019 app, you\u2019ll be issued a digital version of your permit.

    ", + "

    If you do not use the smartphone app to apply, you\u2019ll either be sent:

    ", + "
  • a physical version of the permit (if you applied inside the UK)
    • ", + "
  • an email explaining how you can come to the UK and collect your permit (if you applied outside the UK)
    • ", + "

    Your permit will last for 5 years, or 2 years if you apply with \u2018retained\u2019 status.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re working in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay tax on your UK income.

    ", + "

    You can change jobs or move from being employed to self-employed in the UK without needing to tell the Home Office.

    ", + "

    You need to tell the Home Office if you stop working in the UK and do not meet one of the retained status criteria.

    ", + "

    Reporting a problem with your physical permit

    ", + "

    Your permit should arrive within 10 days of receiving the decision notice about your application. You should get an email with information about your permit being sent to you.

    ", + "

    If your permit does not arrive, you should first contact the delivery service.

    ", + "

    If you cannot resolve the issue with the delivery service, and it has been more than 10 days since you received your decision notice, you should contact the Home Office.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to tell the Home Office if:

    ", + "
  • you did not get an email from UKVI with your permit delivery information
    • ", + "
  • your permit has a mistake on it (for example your name, date of birth or gender is wrong)
    • ", + "
  • your permit gets lost, stolen or damaged
    • ", + "

    You can report your problem by phone. You\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your full name, date of birth and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your Home Office reference number (this is in the email you got with your application decision)
    • ", + "
  • an email address or UK postal address
    • ", + "

    You can get someone to report for you, for example a legal representative or employer. The phone number is different if someone is reporting on your behalf.

    ", + "

    If your application is unsuccessful

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision notice explaining why it was refused. It will explain if you have the right to either an:

    ", + "
  • administrative review
    • ", + "
  • immigration decision appeal
    • ", + "

    Renewing your permit

    ", + "

    When you renew your permit, you\u2019ll need to show that you continued to meet the eligibility requirements over the period of time since you last applied.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not employed or self-employed at the point you apply to renew, or you\u2019re temporarily unable to work, you\u2019ll still be able to apply for a 2-year permit as someone with \u2018retained\u2019 status (as long as you meet the requirements).

    ", + "

    Apply to renew your permit.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/british-national-overseas-bno-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/british-national-overseas-bno-visa", + "title": "British National (Overseas) visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re from Hong Kong and are a British national (overseas) you and your family members can apply for a British National (Overseas) visa. This is known as a BNO visa. It allows you to live, work and study in the UK.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply for a BNO visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- a British national (overseas)\n\n- 18 or older\n\nYour permanent home must be:\n\n- in Hong Kong, if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK\n\n- in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Hong Kong if you\u2019re applying in the UK\n\n## Your family members\n\nYour family members can apply for a BNO visa if they\u2019re eligible. They must usually apply at the same time as you.\n\nCheck if your family members can apply.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to stay for either:\n\n- 2 years and 6 months\n\n- 5 years\n\nYou will be able to extend your visa if you want to stay longer. You can apply to extend your visa as many times as you want.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years, you can apply to live in the UK permanently.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- work (except you cannot work as a professional sportsperson or sports coach)\n\n- study (including at school, college or university)\n\nYou cannot usually apply for most benefits (public funds).\n\nOnce you have a BNO visa, you might be able to apply for access to benefits. You\u2019ll be eligible for this in certain financial circumstances, for example if you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- are at risk of losing your place to live or being unable to afford essential living costs\n\n- have a very low income, and not having access to benefits would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\n## How much it costs\n\nWhen you apply for a British National (Overseas) visa, you must:\n\n- pay the visa application fee\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge\n\n- prove that you have enough money to support yourself and your family members for at least 6 months while you\u2019re in the UK\n\n## Visa application fee\n\nYou and your family members will each need to pay a visa application fee.\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a3180 if you\u2019re applying for 2 years and 6 months\n\n- \u00a3250 if you\u2019re applying for 5 years\n\nAs part of your application, you might need to go to an appointment to give your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo). This will cost \u00a319.20.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou and your family members will each need to pay the healthcare surcharge.\n\nThis is so you can use the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK. You\u2019ll still need to pay for some NHS care such as prescriptions, dental care and eye tests.\n\nFor each adult (18 or older) it costs:\n\n- \u00a31,560 if you\u2019re staying for 2 years and 6 months\n\n- \u00a33,120 if you\u2019re staying for 5 years\n\nFor each child (under 18), it costs:\n\n- \u00a31,175 if you\u2019re staying for 2 years and 6 months\n\n- \u00a32,350 if you\u2019re staying for 5 years\n\nYou pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online visa application.\n\n## Money to support yourself and your family\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show you have enough money to pay for your housing and to support yourself and your family for 6 months.\n\nThis can include:\n\n- your income and savings as well as your family member\u2019s\n\n- money you will earn in your current job in the UK\n\n- money you will earn if you\u2019re transferring to a job in the UK with your current employer\n\n- an offer of help from family or friends\n\nYou usually do not need to show you have enough money to support yourself if you\u2019ve been living in the UK for 12 months or more. You\u2019ll still need to show this if you\u2019ve been in the UK on a Youth Mobility Scheme visa.\n\nAs well as money for housing costs, you\u2019ll need at least the same amount as someone would get on Income Support in the UK.\n\nHow much you need depends on how many family members are applying with you. For example, you\u2019ll need about:\n\n- \u00a32,000 as a single adult\n\n- \u00a33,100 as a couple with a child\n\n- \u00a34,600 as a couple with 3 children\n\n- \u00a39,200 as a couple with 2 parents and 2 adult children\n\nCheck what documents you need to show this.\n\n## Your family members\n\nIf you\u2019re a British national (overseas), your family members can apply as your \u2018dependant\u2019 if they normally live with you.\n\nA dependant can include your:\n\n- husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- child or grandchild under 18\n\n- child 18 or older, born on or after 1 July 1997 (and their partner or child under 18)\n\n- parent, grandparent, brother, sister, son or daughter (18 or older) if they live with you and are very dependent on you for their care\n\nWhen you apply, you and your family member will need to provide evidence of your relationship and that you normally live together.\n\n## Partners\n\nPartners must be 18 or older to apply. They can be either:\n\n- your partner\n\n- your adult child\u2019s partner\n\nThey\u2019ll need to prove that they\u2019re either:\n\n- in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- in a relationship and have been living with their partner for at least 2 years when they apply\n\n## Children under 18\n\nAll children under 18 need to apply with both parents, unless one parent or grandparent has sole responsibility for them.\n\nThe child must normally live with you, unless they\u2019re living away from home to study.\n\n## Children 18 or older\n\nYou or your partner\u2019s child (18 or older) can apply as your dependant if they were born on or after 1 July 1997. They must apply at the same time as you.\n\nThey must normally live with you, unless they\u2019re living away from home to study.\n\nIf they\u2019re not eligible for a BNO visa, they may be able to apply for another visa to come to the UK to work or study. Check what visa they need.\n\n## Other family members who live with you\n\nOther adult family members (18 or older) can only apply if they are very dependent on you for their care. For example, they rely on your care to perform everyday tasks because of illness or disability.\n\nThis includes your or your partner\u2019s:\n\n- parent or grandparent\n\n- brother or sister\n\n- son or daughter\n\nIf eligible, they can apply as an \u2018adult dependent relative\u2019. They must apply at the same time as you.\n\n## How long family members can stay\n\nYour family member will need to apply for the same BNO visa as you, for either:\n\n- 2 years and 6 months\n\n- 5 years\n\n## How to apply with your family\n\nEach family member will need to make their own application as your dependant.\n\nAs a British national (overseas), you\u2019ll need to submit your application first to get an application number. This is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN).\n\nYour family members will need to use your application number when they apply, and submit it within 2 days of your application.\n\nIf you have technical problems that mean your family members might not be able to apply within 2 days of you, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) for help.\n\n## If your partner or child cannot apply within 2 days\n\nIf your partner or child under 18 cannot apply within 2 days of you, they might still be able to apply later as your dependant. This will only be allowed in cases where they could not apply when you did, for example if:\n\n- you start a new relationship when you have a BNO visa\n\n- your child was born after you got your BNO visa\n\n- your partner cannot travel when you apply, for example because of medical needs\n\nThey may be asked to give evidence to show they could not apply within 2 days of your application. Your visa must still be valid when they apply to be your dependant.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYour family members can either:\n\n- apply from outside the UK\n\n- apply in the UK\n\n## Documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide a valid passport or other travel document that shows your identity and nationality.\n\nIf you\u2019re a British national (overseas) (BNO), you can use a current or expired BNO passport (or a photocopy) to show your BNO status when you apply.\n\nIf you no longer have a BNO passport you can still apply. The Home Office will check your status but it may take longer to get a decision on your application.\n\nYou do not need a BNO passport to travel to the UK. You can use any valid passport or travel document.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide evidence:\n\n- that you have a permanent home in Hong Kong, the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man\n\n- that you have enough money to support yourself and your family\n\n- of your relationship with family members\n\n- of your tuberculosis (TB) test certificate, if you did not already provide it when you arrived the UK\n\nYou must provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English.\n\n## Proof of your permanent home address\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide up to 3 documents that show your permanent home address. This can include:\n\n- household or utility bills\n\n- a visa, residence permit or other immigration document (or a colour photocopy)\n\n- payslips or your most recent P60\n\n- bank statements\n\n- a letter from an employer confirming your employment\n\n- records of rent or mortgage payments\n\n- an appointment letter from your GP or other healthcare professional\n\n- a letter from the local council or a government\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) will need to provide evidence that their permanent home address is the same as yours.\n\n## Proof you have enough money to support yourself and your family\n\nYou usually need to show that you have enough money to support yourself and your family (dependants) for 6 months in the UK - unless you\u2019ve been living in the UK for at least 12 months.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for 12 months or more on a Youth Mobility Scheme visa, you still need to show you have enough money to support yourself and your family.\n\nThis includes proving you have the money to pay for accommodation or an offer of accommodation from friends or family.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying with family, evidence can include you and your family member\u2019s income or savings.\n\nYou might need to provide evidence such as:\n\n- bank or savings account statements\n\n- payslips\n\n- proof of income from self-employment\n\n- proof of income from rental property\n\n- a letter from friends or family with evidence (such as bank statements or payslips) that they have the money to support you and your family\n\n- a letter confirming an offer of accommodation from friends or family\n\n- a tenancy or mortgage agreement\n\nAt least one piece of evidence must be dated no more than 31 days before you submit your application.\n\nAn offer of work does not usually count as evidence unless you\u2019re transferring to a job in the UK with your current employer.\n\n## Evidence of your relationship with family members\n\nIf you\u2019re applying with family members from your household, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship with them.\n\nFor example:\n\n- a copy of a marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\n- a birth certificate or adoption certificate for children\n\n- evidence that their permanent home address is the same as yours\n\n## When you need a TB test certificate\n\nWhether you need a certificate depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying from outside the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve been living in Hong Kong or another country where you have to take a TB test for the past 6 months, you must provide a TB certificate.\n\n## If you\u2019re already in the UK\n\nIf you provided a TB certificate to come to the UK, you do not need to show one again.\n\nOtherwise, you\u2019ll need to provide a TB test certificate to stay in the UK if you came from Hong Kong or another country where you have to take the TB test.\n\n## Getting a TB test certificate\n\nYou might not be able to get a TB test appointment straight away. If you apply for your visa without a certificate, you might not get your certificate by the time your application is being considered.\n\nIf you wait until you have your certificate before you apply for your visa, you can avoid the risk of your application being looked at before you get your certificate.\n\nThe certificate must be no older than 6 months when you apply for your visa.\n\nYour test certificate must be from an approved test centre abroad or an approved test centre in the UK.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a British National (Overseas) visa.\n\nYour permanent home must be in Hong Kong.\n\nBefore you apply, you can check:\n\n- what documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\n- how to apply with your family\n\n## Apply online\n\nAs part of your online application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your BNO, HKSAR or EEA passport - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\n- go to an appointment at a visa application centre to give your fingerprints and a photo - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply. If you\u2019re applying with a family member, your applications will be processed together even if you prove your identity in different ways.\n\nIf you need to go to an appointment:\n\n- the centre may have to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may need to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\nIf you use a valid BNO or Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) passport to prove your identity, you do not need to travel to the UK using the same passport.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can continue your application if you\u2019ve saved it. To do this, sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## After you apply\n\nUKVI aims to make a decision on your application within 12 weeks.\n\nIf you applied using the \u2018UK Immigration: ID check\u2019 app, the 12 weeks starts from the date you submitted your online application.\n\nIf you went to a visa application centre, the 12 weeks starts from the date you attended your appointment and submitted your fingerprints.\n\nYour application may take longer to process if:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified or you need to provide more evidence\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- you do not have a valid tuberculosis (TB) certificate\n\n- you have a criminal conviction for an offence that is recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a family group, and one or more of your family members has to go to a visa application centre\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\n## If your application is successful\n\nYou must travel to the UK:\n\n- within 90 days, if you went to a visa application centre to prove your identity\n\n- before your visa expires, if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 smartphone app to prove your identity\n\nChildren under 18 must travel with one or both parents, unless they\u2019re joining their parents who are already in the UK.\n\n## If your application is unsuccessful\n\nIf you\u2019re a British national (overseas) and your application is unsuccessful, your family members\u2019 applications will also be refused. If your application is successful but your family member\u2019s is not, you can still come to the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a refund for the healthcare surcharge you paid for each unsuccessful application.\n\n## Apply in the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a British National (Overseas) visa.\n\nYour permanent home must be in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Hong Kong.\n\nBefore you apply, you can check:\n\n- what documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\n- how to apply with your family\n\n## Switch to a BNO visa\n\nIf you meet the eligibility requirements, you can apply to switch to a BNO visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different UK visa.\n\nYour family members will usually need to apply at the same time as you. Check how to apply with your family.\n\n## Apply online\n\nAs part of your online application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your BNO, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) or EEA passport - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\n- go to a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to give your fingerprints and a photo - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply. If you\u2019re applying with a family member, your applications will be processed together even if you prove your identity in different ways.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue an application\n\nYou can continue your application if you\u2019ve saved it. To do this, you can sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying for a visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## After you apply\n\nUKVI aims to make a decision on your application within 12 weeks.\n\nIf you applied using the \u2018UK Immigration: ID check\u2019 app, the 12 weeks starts from the date you submitted your online application.\n\nIf you went to a UKVCAS service point, the 12 weeks starts from the date you attended your appointment and submitted your fingerprints.\n\nYour application may take longer to process if:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified or you need to provide more evidence\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- you do not have a valid tuberculosis (TB) certificate\n\n- you have a criminal conviction for an offence that is recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a family group, and one or more of your family members has to go to a visa application centre\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision about your application.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man until you get a decision.\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\n## If your application is unsuccessful\n\nIf your application is unsuccessful, your family members\u2019 applications will also be refused.\n\nYou may be able to stay in the UK for up to 12 months if you were not able to prove that you:\n\n- have enough money to support yourself and your family in the UK\n\n- have a permanent home in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Hong Kong\n\nWhen you get your decision letter, it will say if you\u2019re allowed to do this. You\u2019ll be able to apply for a BNO visa again.\n\nIf you stay in the UK for up to 12 months, you\u2019ll get a refund for some of the healthcare surcharge you paid.\n\nAs an adult (18 or older), you\u2019ll get a refund of:\n\n- \u00a3936 if you applied for 2 years and 6 months\n\n- \u00a32,496 if you applied for 5 years\n\nAs a child under 18 you\u2019ll get a refund of:\n\n- \u00a3705 if you applied for 2 years and 6 months\n\n- \u00a31,880 if you applied for 5 years\n\nIf you leave the UK, you\u2019ll get a full refund for the healthcare surcharge you paid.\n\n## Living permanently in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years, you may be able to apply to stay permanently.\n\n## Applying to settle in the UK\n\nYou can apply to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years on a BNO visa. This means you can stay in the UK without any time limits.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already spent time in the UK on one of the following visas this will count towards the 5 years:\n\n- Global Talent visa (or a Tier 1 Exceptional Talent visa)\n\n- Investor visa\n\n- Entrepreneur visa\n\n- Skilled Worker visa (or a Tier 2 General work visa)\n\n- Minister of Religion visa\n\n- Sportsperson visa\n\n- Representative of an Overseas Business visa\n\n- UK Ancestry visa\n\nTime spent on a Student visa (previously called a Tier 4 (General) student visa) or a Youth Mobility Scheme visa will not count.\n\nTo apply, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- meet the knowledge of English requirements\n\n- pass the Life in the UK Test\n\n- have spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months in the last 5 years\n\n- pay an application fee\n\n## Children under 18 applying to settle\n\nIf your child applies as a dependent on your BNO visa, they can also apply to settle in the UK with you.\n\nYou can only apply once you, your child and your child\u2019s other parent (unless you have sole responsibility) have all been here for 5 years. If you arrived in the UK at different times, those who arrived earlier will have to extend their visa until the last person to arrive has been here for 5 years.\n\n## Becoming a British citizen\n\nOne year after you settle in the UK (have \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019), you\u2019ll usually be able to apply for British citizenship.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

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    If you\u2019re from Hong Kong and are a British national (overseas) you and your family members can apply for a British National (Overseas) visa. This is known as a BNO visa. It allows you to live, work and study in the UK.

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    Who can apply

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    You can apply for a BNO visa if you\u2019re:

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  • a British national (overseas)
    • ", + "
  • 18 or older
    • ", + "

    Your permanent home must be:

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  • in Hong Kong, if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Hong Kong if you\u2019re applying in the UK
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    Your family members

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    Your family members can apply for a BNO visa if they\u2019re eligible. They must usually apply at the same time as you.

    ", + "

    Check if your family members can apply.

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    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to stay for either:

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  • 2 years and 6 months
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  • 5 years
    • ", + "

    You will be able to extend your visa if you want to stay longer. You can apply to extend your visa as many times as you want.

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    After you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years, you can apply to live in the UK permanently.

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    What you can and cannot do

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    You can:

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  • work (except you cannot work as a professional sportsperson or sports coach)
    • ", + "
  • study (including at school, college or university)
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    You cannot usually apply for most benefits (public funds).

    ", + "

    Once you have a BNO visa, you might be able to apply for access to benefits. You\u2019ll be eligible for this in certain financial circumstances, for example if you:

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  • do not have a place to live and cannot afford one
    • ", + "
  • have a place to live but cannot afford essential living costs like food or heating
    • ", + "
  • are at risk of losing your place to live or being unable to afford essential living costs
    • ", + "
  • have a very low income, and not having access to benefits would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing
    • ", + "

    How much it costs

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    When you apply for a British National (Overseas) visa, you must:

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  • pay the visa application fee
    • ", + "
  • pay the healthcare surcharge
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  • prove that you have enough money to support yourself and your family members for at least 6 months while you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "

    Visa application fee

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    You and your family members will each need to pay a visa application fee.

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    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3180 if you\u2019re applying for 2 years and 6 months
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3250 if you\u2019re applying for 5 years
    • ", + "

    As part of your application, you might need to go to an appointment to give your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo). This will cost \u00a319.20.

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    Healthcare surcharge

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    You and your family members will each need to pay the healthcare surcharge.

    ", + "

    This is so you can use the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK. You\u2019ll still need to pay for some NHS care such as prescriptions, dental care and eye tests.

    ", + "

    For each adult (18 or older) it costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,560 if you\u2019re staying for 2 years and 6 months
    • ", + "
  • \u00a33,120 if you\u2019re staying for 5 years
    • ", + "

    For each child (under 18), it costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,175 if you\u2019re staying for 2 years and 6 months
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,350 if you\u2019re staying for 5 years
    • ", + "

    You pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online visa application.

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    Money to support yourself and your family

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    You\u2019ll need to show you have enough money to pay for your housing and to support yourself and your family for 6 months.

    ", + "

    This can include:

    ", + "
  • your income and savings as well as your family member\u2019s
    • ", + "
  • money you will earn in your current job in the UK
    • ", + "
  • money you will earn if you\u2019re transferring to a job in the UK with your current employer
    • ", + "
  • an offer of help from family or friends
    • ", + "

    You usually do not need to show you have enough money to support yourself if you\u2019ve been living in the UK for 12 months or more. You\u2019ll still need to show this if you\u2019ve been in the UK on a Youth Mobility Scheme visa.

    ", + "

    As well as money for housing costs, you\u2019ll need at least the same amount as someone would get on Income Support in the UK.

    ", + "

    How much you need depends on how many family members are applying with you. For example, you\u2019ll need about:

    ", + "
  • \u00a32,000 as a single adult
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  • \u00a33,100 as a couple with a child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a34,600 as a couple with 3 children
    • ", + "
  • \u00a39,200 as a couple with 2 parents and 2 adult children
    • ", + "

    Check what documents you need to show this.

    ", + "

    Your family members

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    If you\u2019re a British national (overseas), your family members can apply as your \u2018dependant\u2019 if they normally live with you.

    ", + "

    A dependant can include your:

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  • husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • child or grandchild under 18
    • ", + "
  • child 18 or older, born on or after 1 July 1997 (and their partner or child under 18)
    • ", + "
  • parent, grandparent, brother, sister, son or daughter (18 or older) if they live with you and are very dependent on you for their care
    • ", + "

    When you apply, you and your family member will need to provide evidence of your relationship and that you normally live together.

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    Partners

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    Partners must be 18 or older to apply. They can be either:

    ", + "
  • your partner
    • ", + "
  • your adult child\u2019s partner
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to prove that they\u2019re either:

    ", + "
  • in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • in a relationship and have been living with their partner for at least 2 years when they apply
    • ", + "

    Children under 18

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    All children under 18 need to apply with both parents, unless one parent or grandparent has sole responsibility for them.

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    The child must normally live with you, unless they\u2019re living away from home to study.

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    Children 18 or older

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    You or your partner\u2019s child (18 or older) can apply as your dependant if they were born on or after 1 July 1997. They must apply at the same time as you.

    ", + "

    They must normally live with you, unless they\u2019re living away from home to study.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re not eligible for a BNO visa, they may be able to apply for another visa to come to the UK to work or study. Check what visa they need.

    ", + "

    Other family members who live with you

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    Other adult family members (18 or older) can only apply if they are very dependent on you for their care. For example, they rely on your care to perform everyday tasks because of illness or disability.

    ", + "

    This includes your or your partner\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • parent or grandparent
    • ", + "
  • brother or sister
    • ", + "
  • son or daughter
    • ", + "

    If eligible, they can apply as an \u2018adult dependent relative\u2019. They must apply at the same time as you.

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    How long family members can stay

    ", + "

    Your family member will need to apply for the same BNO visa as you, for either:

    ", + "
  • 2 years and 6 months
    • ", + "
  • 5 years
    • ", + "

    How to apply with your family

    ", + "

    Each family member will need to make their own application as your dependant.

    ", + "

    As a British national (overseas), you\u2019ll need to submit your application first to get an application number. This is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN).

    ", + "

    Your family members will need to use your application number when they apply, and submit it within 2 days of your application.

    ", + "

    If you have technical problems that mean your family members might not be able to apply within 2 days of you, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) for help.

    ", + "

    If your partner or child cannot apply within 2 days

    ", + "

    If your partner or child under 18 cannot apply within 2 days of you, they might still be able to apply later as your dependant. This will only be allowed in cases where they could not apply when you did, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you start a new relationship when you have a BNO visa
    • ", + "
  • your child was born after you got your BNO visa
    • ", + "
  • your partner cannot travel when you apply, for example because of medical needs
    • ", + "

    They may be asked to give evidence to show they could not apply within 2 days of your application. Your visa must still be valid when they apply to be your dependant.

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    Apply online

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    Your family members can either:

    ", + "
  • apply from outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • apply in the UK
    • ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need to apply

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    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide a valid passport or other travel document that shows your identity and nationality.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a British national (overseas) (BNO), you can use a current or expired BNO passport (or a photocopy) to show your BNO status when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you no longer have a BNO passport you can still apply. The Home Office will check your status but it may take longer to get a decision on your application.

    ", + "

    You do not need a BNO passport to travel to the UK. You can use any valid passport or travel document.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide evidence:

    ", + "
  • that you have a permanent home in Hong Kong, the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man
    • ", + "
  • that you have enough money to support yourself and your family
    • ", + "
  • of your relationship with family members
    • ", + "
  • of your tuberculosis (TB) test certificate, if you did not already provide it when you arrived the UK
    • ", + "

    You must provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English.

    ", + "

    Proof of your permanent home address

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide up to 3 documents that show your permanent home address. This can include:

    ", + "
  • household or utility bills
    • ", + "
  • a visa, residence permit or other immigration document (or a colour photocopy)
    • ", + "
  • payslips or your most recent P60
    • ", + "
  • bank statements
    • ", + "
  • a letter from an employer confirming your employment
    • ", + "
  • records of rent or mortgage payments
    • ", + "
  • an appointment letter from your GP or other healthcare professional
    • ", + "
  • a letter from the local council or a government
    • ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) will need to provide evidence that their permanent home address is the same as yours.

    ", + "

    Proof you have enough money to support yourself and your family

    ", + "

    You usually need to show that you have enough money to support yourself and your family (dependants) for 6 months in the UK - unless you\u2019ve been living in the UK for at least 12 months.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK for 12 months or more on a Youth Mobility Scheme visa, you still need to show you have enough money to support yourself and your family.

    ", + "

    This includes proving you have the money to pay for accommodation or an offer of accommodation from friends or family.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying with family, evidence can include you and your family member\u2019s income or savings.

    ", + "

    You might need to provide evidence such as:

    ", + "
  • bank or savings account statements
    • ", + "
  • payslips
    • ", + "
  • proof of income from self-employment
    • ", + "
  • proof of income from rental property
    • ", + "
  • a letter from friends or family with evidence (such as bank statements or payslips) that they have the money to support you and your family
    • ", + "
  • a letter confirming an offer of accommodation from friends or family
    • ", + "
  • a tenancy or mortgage agreement
    • ", + "

    At least one piece of evidence must be dated no more than 31 days before you submit your application.

    ", + "

    An offer of work does not usually count as evidence unless you\u2019re transferring to a job in the UK with your current employer.

    ", + "

    Evidence of your relationship with family members

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying with family members from your household, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship with them.

    ", + "

    For example:

    ", + "
  • a copy of a marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "
  • a birth certificate or adoption certificate for children
    • ", + "
  • evidence that their permanent home address is the same as yours
    • ", + "

    When you need a TB test certificate

    ", + "

    Whether you need a certificate depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been living in Hong Kong or another country where you have to take a TB test for the past 6 months, you must provide a TB certificate.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already in the UK

    ", + "

    If you provided a TB certificate to come to the UK, you do not need to show one again.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, you\u2019ll need to provide a TB test certificate to stay in the UK if you came from Hong Kong or another country where you have to take the TB test.

    ", + "

    Getting a TB test certificate

    ", + "

    You might not be able to get a TB test appointment straight away. If you apply for your visa without a certificate, you might not get your certificate by the time your application is being considered.

    ", + "

    If you wait until you have your certificate before you apply for your visa, you can avoid the risk of your application being looked at before you get your certificate.

    ", + "

    The certificate must be no older than 6 months when you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    Your test certificate must be from an approved test centre abroad or an approved test centre in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a British National (Overseas) visa.

    ", + "

    Your permanent home must be in Hong Kong.

    ", + "

    Before you apply, you can check:

    ", + "
  • what documents you\u2019ll need to apply
    • ", + "
  • how to apply with your family
    • ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your BNO, HKSAR or EEA passport - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "
  • go to an appointment at a visa application centre to give your fingerprints and a photo - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply. If you\u2019re applying with a family member, your applications will be processed together even if you prove your identity in different ways.

    ", + "

    If you need to go to an appointment:

    ", + "
  • the centre may have to keep your passport and documents while they process your application
    • ", + "
  • you may need to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)
    • ", + "

    If you use a valid BNO or Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) passport to prove your identity, you do not need to travel to the UK using the same passport.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can continue your application if you\u2019ve saved it. To do this, sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    UKVI aims to make a decision on your application within 12 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you applied using the \u2018UK Immigration: ID check\u2019 app, the 12 weeks starts from the date you submitted your online application.

    ", + "

    If you went to a visa application centre, the 12 weeks starts from the date you attended your appointment and submitted your fingerprints.

    ", + "

    Your application may take longer to process if:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified or you need to provide more evidence
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • you do not have a valid tuberculosis (TB) certificate
    • ", + "
  • you have a criminal conviction for an offence that is recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a family group, and one or more of your family members has to go to a visa application centre
    • ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    After you get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Find out what happens after you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful

    ", + "

    You must travel to the UK:

    ", + "
  • within 90 days, if you went to a visa application centre to prove your identity
    • ", + "
  • before your visa expires, if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 smartphone app to prove your identity
    • ", + "

    Children under 18 must travel with one or both parents, unless they\u2019re joining their parents who are already in the UK.

    ", + "

    If your application is unsuccessful

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a British national (overseas) and your application is unsuccessful, your family members\u2019 applications will also be refused. If your application is successful but your family member\u2019s is not, you can still come to the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a refund for the healthcare surcharge you paid for each unsuccessful application.

    ", + "

    Apply in the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a British National (Overseas) visa.

    ", + "

    Your permanent home must be in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Hong Kong.

    ", + "

    Before you apply, you can check:

    ", + "
  • what documents you\u2019ll need to apply
    • ", + "
  • how to apply with your family
    • ", + "

    Switch to a BNO visa

    ", + "

    If you meet the eligibility requirements, you can apply to switch to a BNO visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different UK visa.

    ", + "

    Your family members will usually need to apply at the same time as you. Check how to apply with your family.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your BNO, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) or EEA passport - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "
  • go to a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to give your fingerprints and a photo - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply. If you\u2019re applying with a family member, your applications will be processed together even if you prove your identity in different ways.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue an application

    ", + "

    You can continue your application if you\u2019ve saved it. To do this, you can sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying for a visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    UKVI aims to make a decision on your application within 12 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you applied using the \u2018UK Immigration: ID check\u2019 app, the 12 weeks starts from the date you submitted your online application.

    ", + "

    If you went to a UKVCAS service point, the 12 weeks starts from the date you attended your appointment and submitted your fingerprints.

    ", + "

    Your application may take longer to process if:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified or you need to provide more evidence
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • you do not have a valid tuberculosis (TB) certificate
    • ", + "
  • you have a criminal conviction for an offence that is recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a family group, and one or more of your family members has to go to a visa application centre
    • ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision about your application.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man until you get a decision.

    ", + "

    If you need to change or cancel your application

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    After you get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Find out what happens after you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If your application is unsuccessful

    ", + "

    If your application is unsuccessful, your family members\u2019 applications will also be refused.

    ", + "

    You may be able to stay in the UK for up to 12 months if you were not able to prove that you:

    ", + "
  • have enough money to support yourself and your family in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have a permanent home in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Hong Kong
    • ", + "

    When you get your decision letter, it will say if you\u2019re allowed to do this. You\u2019ll be able to apply for a BNO visa again.

    ", + "

    If you stay in the UK for up to 12 months, you\u2019ll get a refund for some of the healthcare surcharge you paid.

    ", + "

    As an adult (18 or older), you\u2019ll get a refund of:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3936 if you applied for 2 years and 6 months
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,496 if you applied for 5 years
    • ", + "

    As a child under 18 you\u2019ll get a refund of:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3705 if you applied for 2 years and 6 months
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,880 if you applied for 5 years
    • ", + "

    If you leave the UK, you\u2019ll get a full refund for the healthcare surcharge you paid.

    ", + "

    Living permanently in the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years, you may be able to apply to stay permanently.

    ", + "

    Applying to settle in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years on a BNO visa. This means you can stay in the UK without any time limits.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already spent time in the UK on one of the following visas this will count towards the 5 years:

    ", + "
  • Global Talent visa (or a Tier 1 Exceptional Talent visa)
    • ", + "
  • Investor visa
    • ", + "
  • Entrepreneur visa
    • ", + "
  • Skilled Worker visa (or a Tier 2 General work visa)
    • ", + "
  • Minister of Religion visa
    • ", + "
  • Sportsperson visa
    • ", + "
  • Representative of an Overseas Business visa
    • ", + "
  • UK Ancestry visa
    • ", + "

    Time spent on a Student visa (previously called a Tier 4 (General) student visa) or a Youth Mobility Scheme visa will not count.

    ", + "

    To apply, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • meet the knowledge of English requirements
    • ", + "
  • pass the Life in the UK Test
    • ", + "
  • have spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months in the last 5 years
    • ", + "
  • pay an application fee
    • ", + "

    Children under 18 applying to settle

    ", + "

    If your child applies as a dependent on your BNO visa, they can also apply to settle in the UK with you.

    ", + "

    You can only apply once you, your child and your child\u2019s other parent (unless you have sole responsibility) have all been here for 5 years. If you arrived in the UK at different times, those who arrived earlier will have to extend their visa until the last person to arrive has been here for 5 years.

    ", + "

    Becoming a British citizen

    ", + "

    One year after you settle in the UK (have \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019), you\u2019ll usually be able to apply for British citizenship.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-domestic-worker-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-domestic-worker-visa", + "title": "Overseas Domestic Worker visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a visa to visit the UK with your employer if you:\n\n- live outside the UK\n\n- are a domestic worker in a private household\n\n- have worked for your employer for at least one year\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nDomestic workers include:\n\n- cleaners\n\n- chauffeurs\n\n- cooks\n\n- those providing personal care for the employer and their family\n\n- nannies\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you started living in the UK on or before 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nFrom 1 January 2021, you\u2019ll need to apply for an Overseas Domestic Worker visa.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nYou can apply for a visa up to 3 months before your date of travel to the UK.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3516 for an Overseas Domestic Worker visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can use this visa to visit the UK with your employer for up to 6 months. You must return home at the end of the 6 months.\n\nYou cannot extend an Overseas Domestic Worker visa.\n\nYou may be able to extend a Domestic Worker in a Private Household visa if you applied on or before 5 April 2012.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK to complete your stay\n\n- change employers to another job as a domestic worker in a private household - only if you do not stay longer than the 6 months\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- work except as a domestic worker in a private household\n\n- live in the UK for long periods of time through frequent visits\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must prove that you:\n\n- are 19 or older\n\n- have worked for your employer for at least 1 year\n\n- work in the same household as your employer or one they use regularly\n\n- plan to travel to the UK with your employer, their partner or children\n\n- intend to work as a full-time domestic worker in a UK household your employer will live in\n\n- plan to leave the UK at the end of 6 months\n\n- are able to support yourself in the UK without the need for public funds\n\n## Your employer\n\nYour employer must be either a:\n\n- British citizen who usually lives outside the UK and who does not intend to remain in the UK for more than 6 months\n\n- foreign citizen who is coming to the UK on a visit and who does not intend to remain for more than 6 months\n\nYour employer must also pay you at least the national minimum wage.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- proof you can support yourself during your trip, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months\n\n- a completed \u2018Appendix domestic worker statement\u2019 signed by both you and your employer\n\n- a letter from your employer confirming your job title, how long you\u2019ve worked for them and that you\u2019re a permanent employee\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.\n\nYou must also provide 1 of the following documents covering the same period of employment:\n\n- pay slips or bank statements showing payment of salary\n\n- confirmation of tax paid\n\n- confirmation of health insurance paid\n\n- contract of employment\n\n- work visa, residence permit or equivalent passport endorsement for the country where you\u2019re currently employed by your employer\n\n- visas or equivalent passport endorsement if you\u2019ve travelled with your employer before\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Domestic workers who applied before 5 April 2012\n\nThere are different rules if you applied for a Domestic Worker in a Private Household visa on or before 5 April 2012.\n\nYou can:\n\n- extend your stay in the UK every 12 months\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK after 5 years\n\n- bring your partner and children under 18\n\n- change employer while your visa is valid\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa for 12 months at a time.\n\nIf you\u2019ve worked in the UK as a domestic worker for 5 years you can apply to settle permanently in the UK.\n\nYou should apply before your current permission to stay expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo extend your visa you must:\n\n- be a domestic worker in a private household\n\n- have applied for your domestic worker visa on or before 5 April 2012\n\n- have continued to live in the UK\n\n- apply while you\u2019re still in the UK\n\nTo settle in the UK as a domestic worker you must:\n\n- have applied for your domestic worker visa on or before 5 April 2012\n\n- have been living here legally for at least 5 years\n\n- currently have permission to stay here as a domestic worker\n\n- have been in the UK as a full-time domestic worker continuously throughout the 5 years (you cannot have been outside the UK for more than 180 days in any 12 consecutive months)\n\n- have maintained and accommodated yourself and any dependants without the use of public funds throughout the 5 years\n\n- have sufficient knowledge of English and life in the UK\n\n## Documents you\u2019ll need\n\nTo extend your visa you must provide both of the following:\n\n- a letter from your employer confirming that they want to continue to employ you\n\n- a completed \u2018Appendix domestic worker statement\u2019 signed by both you and your employer\n\nTo settle in the UK you must provide:\n\n- a letter from your employer confirming that they want to continue to employ you\n\n- evidence that you can satisfy the knowledge of English and life in the UK criteria\n\nIf you\u2019ve had any absences because of serious illness, births or deaths in your family, or had to leave the UK, you also need to write a letter detailing these. You should also include any related supporting documents with your letter, for example medical certificates, birth/death certificates, information about why you had to leave the UK.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply online to extend your visa.\n\nYou can include your dependants (partner and children aged under 18) on your application.\n\nIf you have any dependant children aged over 18 they will need to apply separately.\n\n## How to apply to settle\n\nYou must apply online to settle.\n\nYou can include your dependants (partner and children aged under 18) on your application. Your partner must be able to demonstrate their knowledge of English and life in the UK.\n\nIf you have any dependant children aged over 18 they will need to apply separately.\n\n## Fees\n\nFor each person applying it costs:\n\n- \u00a31,033 to apply to extend your visa\n\n- \u00a32,389 to apply to settle\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 to use the super priority service.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nIf you want to settle in the UK, you\u2019ll need to prove that you can satisfy the English language requirement.\n\nYou can only settle as a domestic worker in a private household if you applied for entry on or before 5 April 2012.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by either:\n\n- passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level B1 in reading, writing, speaking and listening\n\n- having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) as being equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\nYou may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\nYou also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the full visa guidance.\n\n## Your employment rights\n\nWhen you work in the UK your employer must:\n\n- pay you an agreed rate, which must be at least the national minimum wage\n\n- not force you to work excessive hours\n\n- give you agreed holiday pay\n\n- give you the notice you\u2019re entitled to if your employment ends\n\nYou should already have agreed your employment conditions with your employer and have a copy of these in writing. Your employer cannot change your employment conditions unless you agree.\n\nIf your employer does not meet these requirements, you can take legal action through an employment or industrial tribunal or the civil courts.\n\n## Get advice and support\n\nYou can get free and confidential advice from the Acas helpline.\n\nYou can also contact the charity Kalayaan for free, confidential and independent advice as a domestic worker in the UK.\n\n## If you want to return home\n\nContact your country\u2019s Embassy or High Commission in the UK if you want to return home.\n\nYou can also get confidential advice from a registered immigration adviser. Use the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC) Adviser Finder to find a registered adviser near you.\n\n## If you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking\n\nModern slavery and human trafficking involve being forced to do something you do not want to do, usually by being hurt or threatened.\n\nYou may be forced to work for free or less than the minimum wage, get married or move to a country against your will.\n\nYou can apply to stay in the UK for up to 2 years, if both of the following apply:\n\n- you entered the UK on a Overseas Domestic Worker visa, on a Domestic Worker in a Private Household visa, or as a private servant of a diplomat (known as a T5 International Agreement visa)\n\n- you have a \u2018conclusive grounds\u2019 letter from the Single Competent Authority (SCA) confirming that you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking\n\n## How to get a conclusive grounds letter\n\nIf you think you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking you need to contact the police or another first responder organisation. They can help refer your case to the SCA.\n\nRead the \u2018First responder organisations\u2019 section of the guidance on referrals to find out which organisations can refer your case.\n\nThe SCA will decide if you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking. They will send you a conclusive grounds letter confirming their decision.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply within 28 days of getting confirmation you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking.\n\nYou must apply online to stay in the UK.\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Applying for a different visa\n\nIf you apply for a different type of visa within 28 days of getting confirmation but are refused, you can still apply as a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking.\n\nYou must do this within 28 days of getting the refusal.\n\n## Working in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to work as a domestic worker for up to 2 years.\n\nYou do not need to have a job offer before you apply. You can change job while you\u2019re in the UK.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa to visit the UK with your employer if you:

    ", + "
  • live outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • are a domestic worker in a private household
    • ", + "
  • have worked for your employer for at least one year
    • ", + "
  • meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    Domestic workers include:

    ", + "
  • cleaners
    • ", + "
  • chauffeurs
    • ", + "
  • cooks
    • ", + "
  • those providing personal care for the employer and their family
    • ", + "
  • nannies
    • ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you started living in the UK on or before 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    From 1 January 2021, you\u2019ll need to apply for an Overseas Domestic Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    You can apply for a visa up to 3 months before your date of travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3516 for an Overseas Domestic Worker visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can use this visa to visit the UK with your employer for up to 6 months. You must return home at the end of the 6 months.

    ", + "

    You cannot extend an Overseas Domestic Worker visa.

    ", + "

    You may be able to extend a Domestic Worker in a Private Household visa if you applied on or before 5 April 2012.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • travel abroad and return to the UK to complete your stay
    • ", + "
  • change employers to another job as a domestic worker in a private household - only if you do not stay longer than the 6 months
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • work except as a domestic worker in a private household
    • ", + "
  • live in the UK for long periods of time through frequent visits
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must prove that you:

    ", + "
  • are 19 or older
    • ", + "
  • have worked for your employer for at least 1 year
    • ", + "
  • work in the same household as your employer or one they use regularly
    • ", + "
  • plan to travel to the UK with your employer, their partner or children
    • ", + "
  • intend to work as a full-time domestic worker in a UK household your employer will live in
    • ", + "
  • plan to leave the UK at the end of 6 months
    • ", + "
  • are able to support yourself in the UK without the need for public funds
    • ", + "

    Your employer

    ", + "

    Your employer must be either a:

    ", + "
  • British citizen who usually lives outside the UK and who does not intend to remain in the UK for more than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • foreign citizen who is coming to the UK on a visit and who does not intend to remain for more than 6 months
    • ", + "

    Your employer must also pay you at least the national minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel identification
    • ", + "
  • proof you can support yourself during your trip, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • a completed \u2018Appendix domestic worker statement\u2019 signed by both you and your employer
    • ", + "
  • a letter from your employer confirming your job title, how long you\u2019ve worked for them and that you\u2019re a permanent employee
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.

    ", + "

    You must also provide 1 of the following documents covering the same period of employment:

    ", + "
  • pay slips or bank statements showing payment of salary
    • ", + "
  • confirmation of tax paid
    • ", + "
  • confirmation of health insurance paid
    • ", + "
  • contract of employment
    • ", + "
  • work visa, residence permit or equivalent passport endorsement for the country where you\u2019re currently employed by your employer
    • ", + "
  • visas or equivalent passport endorsement if you\u2019ve travelled with your employer before
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Domestic workers who applied before 5 April 2012

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you applied for a Domestic Worker in a Private Household visa on or before 5 April 2012.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • extend your stay in the UK every 12 months
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK after 5 years
    • ", + "
  • bring your partner and children under 18
    • ", + "
  • change employer while your visa is valid
    • ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa for 12 months at a time.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve worked in the UK as a domestic worker for 5 years you can apply to settle permanently in the UK.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current permission to stay expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To extend your visa you must:

    ", + "
  • be a domestic worker in a private household
    • ", + "
  • have applied for your domestic worker visa on or before 5 April 2012
    • ", + "
  • have continued to live in the UK
    • ", + "
  • apply while you\u2019re still in the UK
    • ", + "

    To settle in the UK as a domestic worker you must:

    ", + "
  • have applied for your domestic worker visa on or before 5 April 2012
    • ", + "
  • have been living here legally for at least 5 years
    • ", + "
  • currently have permission to stay here as a domestic worker
    • ", + "
  • have been in the UK as a full-time domestic worker continuously throughout the 5 years (you cannot have been outside the UK for more than 180 days in any 12 consecutive months)
    • ", + "
  • have maintained and accommodated yourself and any dependants without the use of public funds throughout the 5 years
    • ", + "
  • have sufficient knowledge of English and life in the UK
    • ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    To extend your visa you must provide both of the following:

    ", + "
  • a letter from your employer confirming that they want to continue to employ you
    • ", + "
  • a completed \u2018Appendix domestic worker statement\u2019 signed by both you and your employer
    • ", + "

    To settle in the UK you must provide:

    ", + "
  • a letter from your employer confirming that they want to continue to employ you
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you can satisfy the knowledge of English and life in the UK criteria
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve had any absences because of serious illness, births or deaths in your family, or had to leave the UK, you also need to write a letter detailing these. You should also include any related supporting documents with your letter, for example medical certificates, birth/death certificates, information about why you had to leave the UK.

    ", + "

    How to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    You can include your dependants (partner and children aged under 18) on your application.

    ", + "

    If you have any dependant children aged over 18 they will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    How to apply to settle

    ", + "

    You must apply online to settle.

    ", + "

    You can include your dependants (partner and children aged under 18) on your application. Your partner must be able to demonstrate their knowledge of English and life in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you have any dependant children aged over 18 they will need to apply separately.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    For each person applying it costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,033 to apply to extend your visa
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,389 to apply to settle
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Get a faster decision on your application

    ", + "

    You can pay an extra \u00a3800 to use the super priority service.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Get help using a computer to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with:

    ", + "
  • accessing a computer or the internet
    • ", + "
  • finding the right information on GOV.UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot get advice on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re eligible to apply
    • ", + "
  • what information to put in your application
    • ", + "
  • an application you\u2019ve already made
    • ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will be made:

    ", + "
  • by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

    ", + "

    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    If you want to settle in the UK, you\u2019ll need to prove that you can satisfy the English language requirement.

    ", + "

    You can only settle as a domestic worker in a private household if you applied for entry on or before 5 April 2012.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by either:

    ", + "
  • passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level B1 in reading, writing, speaking and listening
    • ", + "
  • having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) as being equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    You may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    You also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the full visa guidance.

    ", + "

    Your employment rights

    ", + "

    When you work in the UK your employer must:

    ", + "
  • pay you an agreed rate, which must be at least the national minimum wage
    • ", + "
  • not force you to work excessive hours
    • ", + "
  • give you agreed holiday pay
    • ", + "
  • give you the notice you\u2019re entitled to if your employment ends
    • ", + "

    You should already have agreed your employment conditions with your employer and have a copy of these in writing. Your employer cannot change your employment conditions unless you agree.

    ", + "

    If your employer does not meet these requirements, you can take legal action through an employment or industrial tribunal or the civil courts.

    ", + "

    Get advice and support

    ", + "

    You can get free and confidential advice from the Acas helpline.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the charity Kalayaan for free, confidential and independent advice as a domestic worker in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you want to return home

    ", + "

    Contact your country\u2019s Embassy or High Commission in the UK if you want to return home.

    ", + "

    You can also get confidential advice from a registered immigration adviser. Use the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC) Adviser Finder to find a registered adviser near you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking

    ", + "

    Modern slavery and human trafficking involve being forced to do something you do not want to do, usually by being hurt or threatened.

    ", + "

    You may be forced to work for free or less than the minimum wage, get married or move to a country against your will.

    ", + "

    You can apply to stay in the UK for up to 2 years, if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you entered the UK on a Overseas Domestic Worker visa, on a Domestic Worker in a Private Household visa, or as a private servant of a diplomat (known as a T5 International Agreement visa)
    • ", + "
  • you have a \u2018conclusive grounds\u2019 letter from the Single Competent Authority (SCA) confirming that you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking
    • ", + "

    How to get a conclusive grounds letter

    ", + "

    If you think you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking you need to contact the police or another first responder organisation. They can help refer your case to the SCA.

    ", + "

    Read the \u2018First responder organisations\u2019 section of the guidance on referrals to find out which organisations can refer your case.

    ", + "

    The SCA will decide if you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking. They will send you a conclusive grounds letter confirming their decision.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply within 28 days of getting confirmation you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking.

    ", + "

    You must apply online to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply.

    ", + "

    Get help using a computer to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with:

    ", + "
  • accessing a computer or the internet
    • ", + "
  • finding the right information on GOV.UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot get advice on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re eligible to apply
    • ", + "
  • what information to put in your application
    • ", + "
  • an application you\u2019ve already made
    • ", + "

    Applying for a different visa

    ", + "

    If you apply for a different type of visa within 28 days of getting confirmation but are refused, you can still apply as a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking.

    ", + "

    You must do this within 28 days of getting the refusal.

    ", + "

    Working in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to work as a domestic worker for up to 2 years.

    ", + "

    You do not need to have a job offer before you apply. You can change job while you\u2019re in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/representative-overseas-business": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/representative-overseas-business", + "title": "Representative of an Overseas Business visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply as a representative of an overseas business if you\u2019re either:\n\n- the sole representative of an overseas business planning to set up either a UK branch or wholly owned subsidiary\n\n- an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation posted on a long-term assignment to the UK\n\nYou must also meet the other eligibility requirements.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nIf you apply from outside the UK, the earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## If you apply from inside the UK\n\nYou will get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nUKVI will contact you if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example, if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expires.\n\n## Fees\n\nIf you apply from outside the UK, a Representative of an Overseas Business visa costs \u00a3610.\n\nIf you apply from inside the UK, you\u2019ll need to pay:\n\n- \u00a3704 for the visa\n\n- \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou must pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you need to pay before you apply.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nThe visa lets you stay in the UK for an initial period of 3 years.\n\nYou may be able to extend your visa for another 2 years.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve been in the UK for 5 years, you can apply for permission to settle permanently in the UK.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- work for your employer, full time\n\n- bring your family (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you to the UK\n\n- apply to extend your visa\n\n- apply to settle in the UK after you\u2019ve been here for 5 years\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- work for yourself or any other business\n\n- stay in the UK if the sole representative arrangement is ended by your employer\n\n- switch to this visa from any other visa category\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible for this visa you must:\n\n- have enough money to support yourself without help from public funds\n\n- meet the English requirement\n\n## Sole representatives\n\nTo apply as a sole representative you must:\n\n- be recruited and employed outside the UK by an active and trading business (whose headquarters and principal place of business are, and will remain, outside the UK)\n\n- have the skills, experience and knowledge to do the role\n\n- hold a senior position within the business (but do not own or control the majority of it) and have full authority to make decisions on its behalf\n\n- intend to establish the overseas business\u2019s first commercial presence in the UK, either as a registered branch or a wholly owned subsidiary\n\nYou may also be eligible if the business has a legal entity in the UK that does not employ staff or do any business.\n\nIf your employer has been working to establish a UK branch or subsidiary, but it is not yet set up, you can replace a previous sole representative.\n\n## Newspaper, news agency or broadcast employees\n\nAs an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation, you can come to the UK if you\u2019re being posted here on a long-term assignment.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by either:\n\n- passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level A1 in speaking and listening\n\n- having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by UK NARIC as being equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\nYou may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\nYou also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the visa guidance.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- evidence that you can support yourself and any dependants during your trip, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months\n\n- proof that you meet the English requirement\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from overseas, you\u2019ll also need to provide:\n\n- details of where you\u2019ll be staying during your stay\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from overseas, you\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.\n\nAll applicants need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Sole representatives\n\nWhen applying as a sole representative of an overseas business you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a full description of the business\u2019s activities, including details of assets and accounts\n\n- a letter confirming the overseas business will set up a wholly owned subsidiary or register a branch in the UK in the same business activity as it runs overseas\n\n- your job description, employment contract and salary details\n\n- a letter confirming you\u2019re familiar with the business and have the power to take operational decisions\n\nYou should also provide evidence that you:\n\n- are directly employed by the business and are not acting as a sales agent (for example, hired by a business to sell or distribute their products within the UK, but working for yourself and providing your services for a fee)\n\n- were recruited to the business outside of the UK\n\n- hold a senior position in the business, with the authority to make decisions on its behalf and set up and run a registered branch or wholly owned subsidiary\n\n- will be working full time for the business or subsidiary for the duration of your stay and will not carry out any other work\n\n- do not own or control a majority of the overseas business\n\n## Newspaper, news agency or broadcast employees\n\nAs an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation you must also provide:\n\n- a full description of the parent company\u2019s activities, including details of assets and accounts\n\n- confirmation that you will be representing them in the UK in a long term, full-time role\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the Representative of an Overseas Business guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Representative of an Overseas Business visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nApply now\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply inside the UK\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nApply now\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay in the UK under a Representative of an Overseas Business visa.\n\nYou should include any dependants who are on your current visa on your application to extend - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must already have this visa as either:\n\n- a representative of an overseas business\n\n- an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation\n\nYou must also meet the following conditions:\n\n- you\u2019re still working for the same employer as when you were issued your previous visa\n\n- you\u2019ve established, and are supervising, a UK branch or subsidiary of the overseas business\n\n- your employer\u2019s principal place of business is still outside the UK\n\nYou must be in the UK to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nA Representative of an Overseas Business visa can be extended for up to 2 years after the original visa duration of 3 years.\n\nYour visa can be extended for 3 years if your previous Representative of an Overseas Business visa was issued before 1 October 2009.\n\nYou can apply to settle once you have been in the UK for 5 years and you have an ongoing job with the same company.\n\n## Fees\n\nFor each person applying, you\u2019ll need to pay:\n\n- \u00a3704 to extend this visa\n\n- the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay\n\n- \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## Family members\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can come with you when you come to the UK on this visa.\n\nA \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife or partner\n\n- your child under 18\n\nYour husband, wife or partner cannot come to the UK as your dependant if they own or control a majority of the overseas business you will be representing.\n\n## Dependants applying from outside the UK\n\nYour family members must apply online.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.\n\nThey may be able to get their visa faster or other services depending on what country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Dependants applying from inside the UK\n\nYour dependants can apply to extend or switch their visas to stay with you if they\u2019re already in the UK. They must apply online.\n\nIt\u2019s best to submit your dependants\u2019 applications at the same time as yours.\n\nMembers of your family cannot apply in the UK as your dependant if they hold a visitor visa.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYour family can get help with completing the online form if they:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYour family can only use this service if they\u2019re applying to extend or switch to your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Children born while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, you can apply online to add them to your visa as your dependant.\n\nYou must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\n## Using a solicitor or an agent\n\nYou can use a solicitor or other agent to help with your application or extension.\n\nThey must be registered with the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC), unless they are exempt.\n\nApplication decisions will be sent to your representative, provided they are registered or permitted to give immigration advice.\n\n## Exemptions from OISC registration\n\nAn adviser who is a member of one of the following professional bodies (or working under their supervision) does not need to be registered with the OISC:\n\n- Law Society\n\n- Law Society in Scotland\n\n- Law Society in Northern Ireland\n\n- Institute of Legal Executives\n\n- Faculty of Advocates\n\n- General Council of the Bar\n\n- General Council of the Bar of Northern Ireland\n\nMembers of the following UK bodies (or advisers working under their supervision) are also exempt:\n\n- state education institutions and their student unions\n\n- health sector bodies\n\n- employers giving immigration advice to their employees or prospective employees only\n\n## Advisers from outside the UK\n\nYou can use an adviser who is not in the UK. They do not need to be registered with the OISC.\n\nPassports or other travel documents cannot be sent or returned to advisers outside the UK.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply as a representative of an overseas business if you\u2019re either:

    ", + "
  • the sole representative of an overseas business planning to set up either a UK branch or wholly owned subsidiary
    • ", + "
  • an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation posted on a long-term assignment to the UK
    • ", + "

    You must also meet the other eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    How long it will take

    ", + "

    If you apply from outside the UK, the earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.

    ", + "

    You should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Find out about paying for a faster decision.

    ", + "

    If you apply from inside the UK

    ", + "

    You will get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    UKVI will contact you if your application will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances (for example, if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expires.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    If you apply from outside the UK, a Representative of an Overseas Business visa costs \u00a3610.

    ", + "

    If you apply from inside the UK, you\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3704 for the visa
    • ", + "
  • \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken
    • ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You must pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you need to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    The visa lets you stay in the UK for an initial period of 3 years.

    ", + "

    You may be able to extend your visa for another 2 years.

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve been in the UK for 5 years, you can apply for permission to settle permanently in the UK.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work for your employer, full time
    • ", + "
  • bring your family (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you to the UK
    • ", + "
  • apply to extend your visa
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle in the UK after you\u2019ve been here for 5 years
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • work for yourself or any other business
    • ", + "
  • stay in the UK if the sole representative arrangement is ended by your employer
    • ", + "
  • switch to this visa from any other visa category
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible for this visa you must:

    ", + "
  • have enough money to support yourself without help from public funds
    • ", + "
  • meet the English requirement
    • ", + "

    Sole representatives

    ", + "

    To apply as a sole representative you must:

    ", + "
  • be recruited and employed outside the UK by an active and trading business (whose headquarters and principal place of business are, and will remain, outside the UK)
    • ", + "
  • have the skills, experience and knowledge to do the role
    • ", + "
  • hold a senior position within the business (but do not own or control the majority of it) and have full authority to make decisions on its behalf
    • ", + "
  • intend to establish the overseas business\u2019s first commercial presence in the UK, either as a registered branch or a wholly owned subsidiary
    • ", + "

    You may also be eligible if the business has a legal entity in the UK that does not employ staff or do any business.

    ", + "

    If your employer has been working to establish a UK branch or subsidiary, but it is not yet set up, you can replace a previous sole representative.

    ", + "

    Newspaper, news agency or broadcast employees

    ", + "

    As an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation, you can come to the UK if you\u2019re being posted here on a long-term assignment.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by either:

    ", + "
  • passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level A1 in speaking and listening
    • ", + "
  • having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by UK NARIC as being equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    You may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    You also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the visa guidance.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel identification
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you can support yourself and any dependants during your trip, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • proof that you meet the English requirement
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from overseas, you\u2019ll also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • details of where you\u2019ll be staying during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from overseas, you\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.

    ", + "

    All applicants need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Read the guide for a list of documents you can provide.

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Sole representatives

    ", + "

    When applying as a sole representative of an overseas business you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a full description of the business\u2019s activities, including details of assets and accounts
    • ", + "
  • a letter confirming the overseas business will set up a wholly owned subsidiary or register a branch in the UK in the same business activity as it runs overseas
    • ", + "
  • your job description, employment contract and salary details
    • ", + "
  • a letter confirming you\u2019re familiar with the business and have the power to take operational decisions
    • ", + "

    You should also provide evidence that you:

    ", + "
  • are directly employed by the business and are not acting as a sales agent (for example, hired by a business to sell or distribute their products within the UK, but working for yourself and providing your services for a fee)
    • ", + "
  • were recruited to the business outside of the UK
    • ", + "
  • hold a senior position in the business, with the authority to make decisions on its behalf and set up and run a registered branch or wholly owned subsidiary
    • ", + "
  • will be working full time for the business or subsidiary for the duration of your stay and will not carry out any other work
    • ", + "
  • do not own or control a majority of the overseas business
    • ", + "

    Newspaper, news agency or broadcast employees

    ", + "

    As an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation you must also provide:

    ", + "
  • a full description of the parent company\u2019s activities, including details of assets and accounts
    • ", + "
  • confirmation that you will be representing them in the UK in a long term, full-time role
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    Read the Representative of an Overseas Business guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Representative of an Overseas Business visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Find out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply inside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay in the UK under a Representative of an Overseas Business visa.

    ", + "

    You should include any dependants who are on your current visa on your application to extend - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    You should apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must already have this visa as either:

    ", + "
  • a representative of an overseas business
    • ", + "
  • an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation
    • ", + "

    You must also meet the following conditions:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re still working for the same employer as when you were issued your previous visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve established, and are supervising, a UK branch or subsidiary of the overseas business
    • ", + "
  • your employer\u2019s principal place of business is still outside the UK
    • ", + "

    You must be in the UK to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    A Representative of an Overseas Business visa can be extended for up to 2 years after the original visa duration of 3 years.

    ", + "

    Your visa can be extended for 3 years if your previous Representative of an Overseas Business visa was issued before 1 October 2009.

    ", + "

    You can apply to settle once you have been in the UK for 5 years and you have an ongoing job with the same company.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    For each person applying, you\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3704 to extend this visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "
  • \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken
    • ", + "

    How to extend your visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    A decision will be made within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.

    ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can come with you when you come to the UK on this visa.

    ", + "

    A \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife or partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18
    • ", + "

    Your husband, wife or partner cannot come to the UK as your dependant if they own or control a majority of the overseas business you will be representing.

    ", + "

    Dependants applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your family members must apply online.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.

    ", + "

    They may be able to get their visa faster or other services depending on what country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    Dependants applying from inside the UK

    ", + "

    Your dependants can apply to extend or switch their visas to stay with you if they\u2019re already in the UK. They must apply online.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s best to submit your dependants\u2019 applications at the same time as yours.

    ", + "

    Members of your family cannot apply in the UK as your dependant if they hold a visitor visa.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    Your family can get help with completing the online form if they:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    Your family can only use this service if they\u2019re applying to extend or switch to your visa in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Children born while you\u2019re in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, you can apply online to add them to your visa as your dependant.

    ", + "

    You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    Using a solicitor or an agent

    ", + "

    You can use a solicitor or other agent to help with your application or extension.

    ", + "

    They must be registered with the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC), unless they are exempt.

    ", + "

    Application decisions will be sent to your representative, provided they are registered or permitted to give immigration advice.

    ", + "

    Exemptions from OISC registration

    ", + "

    An adviser who is a member of one of the following professional bodies (or working under their supervision) does not need to be registered with the OISC:

    ", + "
  • Law Society
    • ", + "
  • Law Society in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Law Society in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Institute of Legal Executives
    • ", + "
  • Faculty of Advocates
    • ", + "
  • General Council of the Bar
    • ", + "
  • General Council of the Bar of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    Members of the following UK bodies (or advisers working under their supervision) are also exempt:

    ", + "
  • state education institutions and their student unions
    • ", + "
  • health sector bodies
    • ", + "
  • employers giving immigration advice to their employees or prospective employees only
    • ", + "

    Advisers from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You can use an adviser who is not in the UK. They do not need to be registered with the OISC.

    ", + "

    Passports or other travel documents cannot be sent or returned to advisers outside the UK.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-business-person": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-business-person", + "title": "Turkish Businessperson visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply to extend your Turkish Businessperson visa if you already have permission to stay in the UK as a Turkish Businessperson.\n\nYou can:\n\n- continue running your business in the UK, and start another one\n\n- continue to help run an established business in the UK\n\nYou must meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nNew applications for the Turkish Businessperson visa have closed. Only children under 21 (\u2018child dependants\u2019) can apply to join you in the UK on this visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can only extend your visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\nYou\u2019ll need to meet the eligibility requirements to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa for up to 3 years.\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nAfter 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply to extend your visa online.\n\nYour partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019) can apply separately to extend their dependant visas, if they already have them.\n\nIf your children or your partner\u2019s children want to join you from outside the UK, they\u2019ll need to apply as your dependants.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa extension within 6 months.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith a Turkish Businessperson visa extension you can:\n\n- keep running your business in the UK, and start another one\n\n- keep being a partner in an existing business which you\u2019ll have an active part in running\n\n- apply to extend your stay if you meet the eligibility requirements\n\n- study\n\n- do voluntary work\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- change jobs or employer\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Turkish Businessperson visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible to apply for an extension of your Turkish Businessperson visa you need to:\n\n- have a valid Turkish Businessperson visa\n\n- show you have not broken any immigration laws\n\n- keep running a viable business\n\n- keep being able to pay your share of the costs of running the business\n\n- show that your share of the profits continue to be enough to support you and your family without your needing to have another job\n\nIf you are part of an existing partnership or company you\u2019ll need to show that you still have an active part in running the business.\n\n## Documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply to extend your visa you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- proof that you can support and house yourself and your dependants during your stay, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months\n\n- proof of your living costs, such as a tenancy agreement, mortgage agreement, utility bills, council tax statement, bank statements, documents relating to transfer of money to relatives abroad\n\n- proof of state benefits you\u2019ve received in the UK\n\n- a biometric residence permit showing your Turkish Businessperson visa\n\n- your police registration certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.\n\nYou may be asked to get a police certificate for yourself and your family in the UK if you or they don\u2019t already have one.\n\n## Proof for your business\n\nYou should provide proof that you\u2019re currently running your business\n\n## If you\u2019re continuing to run a business or partnership\n\nYou may need to provide proof such as:\n\n- insurance documents\n\n- business accounts prepared by a chartered accountant or approved by an auditor\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) documents (including evidence of payment)\n\n- qualifications for running the business, such as relevant formal qualifications or evidence of previous relevant experience\n\n- evidence of your finances and your investment in the business, such as UK or overseas bank statements, overseas money transfers, and bank loans\n\n- evidence of any financial assistance from a third party (for example family member), such as bank statements or other financial documents as evidence of their finances, and a legal or other document confirming their involvement in and share of the business\n\n- a document setting out the terms of your involvement in the business\n\n## If you\u2019re establishing another business or partnership\n\nYou may need to provide proof such as:\n\n- a business plan\n\n- evidence you are investing money of your own into the new business\n\n- documents for your business premises\n\n- partnership agreements\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can usually apply to extend a Turkish Businessperson visa if you\u2019re in the UK and all of the following are true:\n\n- your business is still going\n\n- you\u2019re still able to pay your share of the costs of running the business (its liabilities)\n\n- your share of the profits will be enough to support you and your dependants without you needing to have another job\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately, including children who have turned 21 during your stay.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to extend your Turkish Businessperson visa\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to extend their permission to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. To do this, they must have a valid dependant visa.\n\nYour children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Worker visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.\n\nIf their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 21 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 21 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## Your child\n\nYour child must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nFor each family member in the UK applying to extend you must have:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- a biometric residence permit (BRP) showing their current dependant visa\n\n- proof that you have sole responsibility for any dependants aged under 21 if the other parent will not be in the UK, for example written permission or relevant legal documents\n\n- proof that you can support and house yourself and your dependants during your stay, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months\n\nIf your dependant is in the UK and was asked to register with the police when they arrived, you must also provide their police registration certificate.\n\n## Applying inside the UK (extend)\n\nYour partner or children who are already in the UK can apply to extend their visa.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- include your dependants on your visa extension application\n\n- ask your dependant to apply separately\n\n## How to apply\n\nIf the dependant is your partner, they must apply online as a partner.\n\nYou need to apply online for your child.\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Applying from outside the UK\n\nYour children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Businessperson visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.\n\nIf you\u2019re already in the UK and want your child to join you, they must apply online for a dependant visa.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Turkish Businessperson visa if you already have permission to stay in the UK as a Turkish Businessperson.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • continue running your business in the UK, and start another one
    • ", + "
  • continue to help run an established business in the UK
    • ", + "

    You must meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    New applications for the Turkish Businessperson visa have closed. Only children under 21 (\u2018child dependants\u2019) can apply to join you in the UK on this visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can only extend your visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\nYou\u2019ll need to meet the eligibility requirements to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa for up to 3 years.

    ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply to extend your visa online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019) can apply separately to extend their dependant visas, if they already have them.

    ", + "

    If your children or your partner\u2019s children want to join you from outside the UK, they\u2019ll need to apply as your dependants.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa extension within 6 months.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    With a Turkish Businessperson visa extension you can:

    ", + "
  • keep running your business in the UK, and start another one
    • ", + "
  • keep being a partner in an existing business which you\u2019ll have an active part in running
    • ", + "
  • apply to extend your stay if you meet the eligibility requirements
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • do voluntary work
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "
  • change jobs or employer
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Turkish Businessperson visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible to apply for an extension of your Turkish Businessperson visa you need to:

    ", + "
  • have a valid Turkish Businessperson visa
    • ", + "
  • show you have not broken any immigration laws
    • ", + "
  • keep running a viable business
    • ", + "
  • keep being able to pay your share of the costs of running the business
    • ", + "
  • show that your share of the profits continue to be enough to support you and your family without your needing to have another job
    • ", + "

    If you are part of an existing partnership or company you\u2019ll need to show that you still have an active part in running the business.

    ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply to extend your visa you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • proof that you can support and house yourself and your dependants during your stay, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • proof of your living costs, such as a tenancy agreement, mortgage agreement, utility bills, council tax statement, bank statements, documents relating to transfer of money to relatives abroad
    • ", + "
  • proof of state benefits you\u2019ve received in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit showing your Turkish Businessperson visa
    • ", + "
  • your police registration certificate
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to get a police certificate for yourself and your family in the UK if you or they don\u2019t already have one.

    ", + "

    Proof for your business

    ", + "

    You should provide proof that you\u2019re currently running your business

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re continuing to run a business or partnership

    ", + "

    You may need to provide proof such as:

    ", + "
  • insurance documents
    • ", + "
  • business accounts prepared by a chartered accountant or approved by an auditor
    • ", + "
  • HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) documents (including evidence of payment)
    • ", + "
  • qualifications for running the business, such as relevant formal qualifications or evidence of previous relevant experience
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your finances and your investment in the business, such as UK or overseas bank statements, overseas money transfers, and bank loans
    • ", + "
  • evidence of any financial assistance from a third party (for example family member), such as bank statements or other financial documents as evidence of their finances, and a legal or other document confirming their involvement in and share of the business
    • ", + "
  • a document setting out the terms of your involvement in the business
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re establishing another business or partnership

    ", + "

    You may need to provide proof such as:

    ", + "
  • a business plan
    • ", + "
  • evidence you are investing money of your own into the new business
    • ", + "
  • documents for your business premises
    • ", + "
  • partnership agreements
    • ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can usually apply to extend a Turkish Businessperson visa if you\u2019re in the UK and all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • your business is still going
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still able to pay your share of the costs of running the business (its liabilities)
    • ", + "
  • your share of the profits will be enough to support you and your dependants without you needing to have another job
    • ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately, including children who have turned 21 during your stay.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your Turkish Businessperson visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to extend their permission to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. To do this, they must have a valid dependant visa.

    ", + "

    Your children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Worker visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.

    ", + "

    If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 21 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 21 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    Your child

    ", + "

    Your child must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    For each family member in the UK applying to extend you must have:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit (BRP) showing their current dependant visa
    • ", + "
  • proof that you have sole responsibility for any dependants aged under 21 if the other parent will not be in the UK, for example written permission or relevant legal documents
    • ", + "
  • proof that you can support and house yourself and your dependants during your stay, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months
    • ", + "

    If your dependant is in the UK and was asked to register with the police when they arrived, you must also provide their police registration certificate.

    ", + "

    Applying inside the UK (extend)

    ", + "

    Your partner or children who are already in the UK can apply to extend their visa.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • include your dependants on your visa extension application
    • ", + "
  • ask your dependant to apply separately
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    If the dependant is your partner, they must apply online as a partner.

    ", + "

    You need to apply online for your child.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Businessperson visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already in the UK and want your child to join you, they must apply online for a dependant visa.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker", + "title": "Turkish Worker visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply to extend your Turkish Worker visa if you already have permission to stay in the UK as a Turkish Worker.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can only extend your visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to meet the eligibility requirements to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nThe length of time you can apply to extend your stay for and what job you can do depends on how long you\u2019ve legally worked in the UK.\n\n| How long you\u2019ve worked in the UK | Length of permission to be in the UK | What you can do |\n\n| 3 to 4 years | Up to 1 year | Change employer, but in the same occupation |\n\n| 4+ years | Up to 3 years | Work in any occupation for any employer |\n\nYou must apply from within the UK before your current permission to stay expires.\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nAfter 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle in the UK permanently (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply to extend your visa online.\n\nYour partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019) can apply separately to extend their dependant visas, if they already have them.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa extension within 6 months.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith a Turkish Worker visa extension you can:\n\n- include your family (\u2018dependants\u2019) on this extension if they\u2019re already in the UK and have a dependant visa\n\n- study\n\n- do voluntary work\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Turkish Worker visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible to apply for an extension of your Turkish Worker visa you need to:\n\n- have a valid Turkish Worker visa\n\n- show you have not broken any immigration laws\n\n## Documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply to extend your visa you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- a biometric residence permit showing your Turkish Worker visa\n\n- proof of all your employment during your current stay in the UK, including payslips and bank statements for the whole period you\u2019ve worked here\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.\n\nIf you\u2019re an au pair, you can provide a letter from your host family if you do not have payslips and bank statements.\n\nYou may be asked to get a police certificate for yourself and your family in the UK if you or they don\u2019t already have one.\n\n## Your job\n\nYou should also provide evidence that shows you have been legally employed in the UK with the same employer for at least 3 years, and you\u2019re planning to:\n\n- carry on doing the same type of job, if you\u2019ve been legally employed for between 3 and 4 years\n\n- work for any employer doing any job, if you\u2019ve been legally employed for 4 years or longer\n\nEvidence can include things like a letter from your current or prospective employer, or a current job application letter.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can usually apply to extend a Turkish Worker visa if you\u2019re in the UK and all of the following are true:\n\n- you have a valid Turkish Worker visa\n\n- you can show you have not broken any immigration laws\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately, including children who have turned 21 during your stay.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to extend your Turkish Worker visa\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to extend their permission to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. To do this, they must have a valid dependant visa.\n\nYour children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Worker visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.\n\nIf their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 21 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 21 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## Your child\n\nYour child must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nFor each dependant in the UK applying to extend you must have:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- a biometric residence permit (BRP) showing their current dependant visa\n\n- bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months showing you can support them\n\n- a police registration certificate if your dependants were asked to register with the police when they came to the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re the only parent of any dependants aged under 18 in the UK, you must provide legal documents or written permission from their other parent showing you legally have sole responsibility.\n\n## Applying inside the UK (extend)\n\nYour partner or children who are already in the UK can apply to extend their visa.\n\nYour partner or child will need to apply separately (including children who have turned 21 during your stay).\n\n## How to apply\n\nIf the dependant is your partner, they must apply online as a partner.\n\nYou need to apply online for your child.\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Applying from outside the UK\n\nYour children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Worker visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.\n\nIf you\u2019re already in the UK and want your child to join you, they must apply online for a dependant visa.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your children (or your partner\u2019s children), will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 12 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your Turkish Worker visa if you already have permission to stay in the UK as a Turkish Worker.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can only extend your visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to meet the eligibility requirements to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    The length of time you can apply to extend your stay for and what job you can do depends on how long you\u2019ve legally worked in the UK.

    ", + "How long you\u2019ve worked in the UK | Length of permission to be in the UK | What you can do", + "3 to 4 years | Up to 1 year | Change employer, but in the same occupation", + "4+ years | Up to 3 years | Work in any occupation for any employer", + "

    You must apply from within the UK before your current permission to stay expires.

    ", + "

    If you want to stay longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle in the UK permanently (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply to extend your visa online.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019) can apply separately to extend their dependant visas, if they already have them.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.

    ", + "

    You may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.

    ", + "

    Getting a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa extension within 6 months.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    With a Turkish Worker visa extension you can:

    ", + "
  • include your family (\u2018dependants\u2019) on this extension if they\u2019re already in the UK and have a dependant visa
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "
  • do voluntary work
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Turkish Worker visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible to apply for an extension of your Turkish Worker visa you need to:

    ", + "
  • have a valid Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • show you have not broken any immigration laws
    • ", + "

    Documents you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply to extend your visa you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit showing your Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • proof of all your employment during your current stay in the UK, including payslips and bank statements for the whole period you\u2019ve worked here
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an au pair, you can provide a letter from your host family if you do not have payslips and bank statements.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to get a police certificate for yourself and your family in the UK if you or they don\u2019t already have one.

    ", + "

    Your job

    ", + "

    You should also provide evidence that shows you have been legally employed in the UK with the same employer for at least 3 years, and you\u2019re planning to:

    ", + "
  • carry on doing the same type of job, if you\u2019ve been legally employed for between 3 and 4 years
    • ", + "
  • work for any employer doing any job, if you\u2019ve been legally employed for 4 years or longer
    • ", + "

    Evidence can include things like a letter from your current or prospective employer, or a current job application letter.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You can usually apply to extend a Turkish Worker visa if you\u2019re in the UK and all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you have a valid Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • you can show you have not broken any immigration laws
    • ", + "

    Your partner or children will need to apply separately, including children who have turned 21 during your stay.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.

    ", + "

    Proving your identity and providing supporting documents

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your Turkish Worker visa

    ", + "

    You must apply online before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    Sign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months of your application date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to extend their permission to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. To do this, they must have a valid dependant visa.

    ", + "

    Your children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Worker visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.

    ", + "

    If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 21 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 21 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.

    ", + "

    Your partner

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    Your child

    ", + "

    Your child must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    For each dependant in the UK applying to extend you must have:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit (BRP) showing their current dependant visa
    • ", + "
  • bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months showing you can support them
    • ", + "
  • a police registration certificate if your dependants were asked to register with the police when they came to the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re the only parent of any dependants aged under 18 in the UK, you must provide legal documents or written permission from their other parent showing you legally have sole responsibility.

    ", + "

    Applying inside the UK (extend)

    ", + "

    Your partner or children who are already in the UK can apply to extend their visa.

    ", + "

    Your partner or child will need to apply separately (including children who have turned 21 during your stay).

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    If the dependant is your partner, they must apply online as a partner.

    ", + "

    You need to apply online for your child.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Worker visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already in the UK and want your child to join you, they must apply online for a dependant visa.

    ", + "

    Proving their identity

    ", + "

    As part of their application, your children (or your partner\u2019s children), will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 12 weeks.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    You can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.

    ", + "

    You must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/uk-visa-sponsorship-employers": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-visa-sponsorship-employers", + "title": "UK visa sponsorship for employers", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need a sponsor licence to employ someone to work for you from outside the UK. This includes citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland who arrived in the UK after 31 December 2020.\n\nThis includes unpaid work, like running a charity.\n\nYou will not need a licence to sponsor certain groups, for example:\n\n- Irish citizens\n\n- those with settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- those with indefinite leave to remain in the UK\n\nRead more about who does not need sponsorship.\n\nSponsoring someone does not guarantee that they\u2019ll be allowed to come to or stay in the UK.\n\n## How to get a sponsor licence\n\n- Check your business is eligible.\n\n- Choose the type of licence you want to apply for - this will depend on what type of worker you want to sponsor.\n\n- Decide who will manage sponsorship within your business.\n\n- Apply online and pay the fee.\n\nUK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) may visit your business to check it\u2019s suitable.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a licence rating if your application is successful.\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to issue certificates of sponsorship if you have jobs that are suitable for sponsorship.\n\nYour licence will be valid for 4 years. You may lose your licence if you do not meet your responsibilities as a sponsor.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get a licence, you cannot have:\n\n- unspent criminal convictions for immigration offences or certain other crimes, such as fraud or money laundering\n\n- had a sponsor licence revoked in the last 12 months\n\nYou\u2019ll need appropriate systems in place to monitor sponsored employees.\n\nUK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) will review your application form and supporting documents. They may visit your business to make sure you\u2019re trustworthy and capable of carrying out your duties.\n\n## Types of licence\n\nThe licence you need depends on whether the workers you want to fill your jobs are:\n\n- \u2018Workers\u2019 - for those with long-term job offers\n\n- \u2018Temporary workers\u2019\n\nYou can apply for a licence covering one or both types of worker.\n\n## Worker licence\n\nA \u2018Worker\u2019 licence will let you employ people long-term or permanently. It\u2019s split into:\n\n- Skilled Worker - the role must meet the job suitability requirements\n\n- Intra-company visas - this includes Intra-company Transfer and Intra-company Graduate Trainee, for multinational companies which need to transfer established employees or graduate trainees to the UK\n\n- Minister of Religion - for people coming to work for a religious organisation\n\n- Sportsperson - for elite sportspeople and coaches who will be based in the UK\n\n## Temporary Worker licence\n\nA \u2018Temporary Worker\u2019 licence will let you employ people on a temporary basis. It\u2019s split into:\n\n- Creative or Sporting Worker - to work as a high-level sportsperson (up to 1 year), entertainer or artist (up to 2 years)\n\n- Charity Worker - for unpaid workers at a charity (up to 1 year)\n\n- Religious Worker - for those working in a religious order or organisation (2 years)\n\n- Government Authorised Exchange Worker - work experience (1 year), research projects or training, for example practical medical or scientific training (2 years) to enable a short-term exchange of knowledge\n\n- International Agreement Worker - where the worker is coming to do a job which is covered by international law, for example employees of overseas governments\n\n- Seasonal Worker - for those coming to the UK for up to 6 months to do farm work\n\n## Sponsorship management roles\n\nYou need to appoint people within your business to manage the sponsorship process when you apply for a licence.\n\nThe main tool they\u2019ll use is the sponsorship management system (SMS).\n\nThe roles are:\n\n- authorising officer \u2013 a senior and competent person responsible for the actions of staff and representatives who use the SMS\n\n- key contact \u2013 your main point of contact with UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI)\n\n- level 1 user \u2013 responsible for all day-to-day management of your licence using the SMS\n\nThese roles can be filled by the same person or different people.\n\nYou can also appoint an optional level 2 user once you have your licence. This is an SMS user with more restricted access than a level 1 user, for example they cannot withdraw a certificate of sponsorship.\n\n## Suitability checks\n\nYou and your staff will be checked to make sure you\u2019re suitable for these roles. You may not get your licence if anyone involved in sponsorship has:\n\n- an unspent criminal conviction\n\n- been fined by UKVI in the past 12 months\n\n- been reported to UKVI\n\n- broken the law\n\n- been a \u2018key person\u2019 at a sponsor that had its licence revoked in the last 12 months\n\n- failed to pay VAT or other excise duty\n\nYou and your allocated staff must also:\n\n- be based in the UK most of the time\n\n- not be a contractor or consultant contracted for a specific project\n\n- not be subject to a bankruptcy restriction order or undertaking, or a debt relief restriction order or undertaking\n\n- not have a history of non-compliance with sponsor requirements\n\nYour allocated staff must usually be paid members of staff, or office holders.\n\nRead the full guidance on appointing \u2018key personnel\u2019.\n\n## HR contractors and agency staff\n\nYou must have at least one level 1 user who is your employee. You can have other level 1 or level 2 users employed by third-party organisations contracted to provide you with HR services. Your level 2 user can be a temporary member of staff supplied by an agency.\n\n## UK-based legal representatives\n\nYou can allocate any of the roles to a UK-based legal representative, apart from the authorising officer role. Your representative must be qualified to give immigration advice or services.\n\n## Apply for your licence\n\nYou need to apply online for your licence.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve finished the online application, you need to send in:\n\n- the submission sheet at the end of the application\n\n- your supporting documents\n\nAny affidavits or statutory declarations you send must be witnessed by a qualified, independent person - for example, a solicitor, Notary Public, Justice of the Peace, Commissioner for Oaths, or (in Scotland only) a Councillor.\n\nApply now\n\n## How to send the documents\n\nYou can scan or take pictures of your submission sheet and supporting documents and send them to the email address given on the submission sheet. Make sure your files:\n\n- are in PDF, JPEG or PNG format\n\n- have descriptive titles, with 25 or fewer characters\n\n- are high enough quality to be read\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh, they must be accompanied by a certified translation - there\u2019s more information in part 1 of the guidance for sponsors.\n\nIf you cannot scan and send the documents by email, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) using the contact details on the submission sheet.\n\n## Licence fees\n\nYou need to pay a fee when you apply. The fee depends on the type of licence you\u2019re applying for and what type of organisation you are.\n\nYou\u2019re usually a small sponsor if two of the following apply:\n\n- your annual turnover is \u00a310.2 million or less\n\n- your total assets are worth \u00a35.1 million or less\n\n- you have 50 employees or fewer\n\nYou\u2019re a charitable sponsor if you\u2019re either:\n\n- a registered, excepted or exempt charity\n\n- an ecclesiastical corporation established for charitable purposes\n\nContact the Business Helpdesk if you\u2019re unsure which category your business fits into.\n\n| Type of licence | Fee for small or charitable sponsors | Fee for medium or large sponsors |\n\n| Worker | \u00a3536 | \u00a31,476 |\n\n| Temporary Worker | \u00a3536 | \u00a3536 |\n\n| Worker and Temporary Worker | \u00a3536 | \u00a3 1,476 |\n\n| Add a Worker licence to an existing Temporary Worker licence | No fee | \u00a3940 |\n\n| Add a Temporary Worker licence to an existing Worker licence | No fee | No fee |\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nMost applications (8 out of 10) are dealt with in less than 8 weeks. UKVI may need to visit your business.\n\nYou may be able to pay \u00a3500 to get a decision within 10 working days. You\u2019ll be told if you can after you apply.\n\n## Applications refused because of a mistake\n\nYou can apply to request a review of your application if you think it was refused because:\n\n- the caseworker processing your application made a mistake\n\n- your supporting documents were not considered\n\nYou cannot apply just because you disagree with the decision.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nSponsors can get advice from the sponsorship, employer and education helpline:\n\nYou can also join the premium customer service scheme to get extra support from a licence manager - this costs at least \u00a38,000 a year.\n\nUK businesses and Tier 1 (Investors) can get help from the Business Helpdesk:\n\n## Your licence rating\n\nYou\u2019ll get an A-rated licence if your application is approved.\n\n## A-rating - full sponsor licence\n\nAn A-rated licence lets you start assigning certificates of sponsorship.\n\nYour business will be listed in the register of sponsors.\n\n## Downgrading to B-rating\n\nYour A-rated licence may be downgraded to a B-rating at a later stage if you do not continue to meet your sponsor duties.\n\nIf this happens, you will not be able to issue new certificates of sponsorship until you\u2019ve made improvements and upgraded back to an A-rating.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be able to issue certificates to workers you already employ who want to extend their permission to stay.\n\n## Upgrade to an A-rating\n\nYou need to follow an \u2018action plan\u2019 provided by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) to upgrade your licence.\n\nYou have to pay \u00a31,476 for an action plan.\n\nYou must pay the fee within 10 working days of the date UKVI tells you about the downgrade. If you do not, you\u2019ll lose your licence.\n\n## At the end of the action plan\n\nYou\u2019ll be upgraded to an A-rating if you complete all the steps and there\u2019s nothing else you need to improve.\n\nYou\u2019ll lose your licence if you do not complete all the steps.\n\nIf you need to make other improvements, you\u2019ll be given another B-rating and will have to follow a new action plan. You\u2019ll have to pay the fee again.\n\n## If you get a second B-rating\n\nYou can only have 2 B-ratings in the 4 years that your licence is valid.\n\nYou\u2019ll lose your licence if you still need to make improvements after your second action plan.\n\n## How to reapply\n\nYou cannot appeal if your licence is revoked, but you can reapply. You have to wait at least 12 months before reapplying.\n\nYou need to start a new application when you reapply.\n\n## Certificates of sponsorship\n\nYou must assign a certificate of sponsorship to each foreign worker you employ. This is an electronic record, not a physical document. Each certificate has its own number which a worker can use to apply for a visa.\n\nWhen you assign the certificate to a worker, they must use it to apply for their visa within 3 months. They must not apply for their visa more than 3 months before the start date of the job listed on the certificate.\n\n## Defined certificates\n\nThese are for people applying on a Skilled Worker visa from outside the UK.\n\nYou must apply for defined certificates for these workers through the sponsorship management system (SMS). You\u2019ll get access to this when you get your licence.\n\n## When you get the certificate\n\nApplications are usually approved within one working day. It may take longer if UKVI need to carry out further checks on the information in your application.\n\nDefined certificates will appear in your SMS account once they have been approved. You can then assign them to a worker.\n\n## Undefined certificates\n\nThese are for Skilled Workers applying from inside the UK, and applicants on all other visas.\n\nWhen you apply for your licence you\u2019ll be asked to estimate how many undefined certificates you\u2019ll need for Workers and Temporary Workers in the first year.\n\n## Certificate costs\n\nCertificates are free for citizens of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nFor other citizens, you need to pay for each certificate.\n\n| Type of certificate | Cost per certificate |\n\n| Worker | \u00a3199 |\n\n| Temporary Worker | \u00a321 |\n\nIf you assign a certificate of sponsorship to a worker on a Skilled Worker or Intra-company Transfer visa, you might also need to pay the immigration skills charge.\n\n## Immigration skills charge\n\nYou might have to pay an additional charge when you assign a certificate of sponsorship to someone applying for a Skilled Worker or Intra-company Transfer visa. This is called the \u2018immigration skills charge\u2019.\n\nYou must pay the immigration skills charge if they\u2019re applying for a visa from:\n\n- outside the UK to work in the UK for 6 months or more\n\n- inside the UK for any length of time\n\n## When you do not need to pay\n\nYou will not pay the immigration skills charge if you\u2019re sponsoring someone:\n\n- on an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa\n\n- who is on a visa to study in the UK, and switches to a Skilled Worker or Intra-company Transfer visa - if they then extend their stay on the new visa, you will not have to pay the charge\n\nYou will also not have to pay the charge if you\u2019re sponsoring someone with one of the following occupation codes:\n\n- chemical scientists (2111)\n\n- biological scientists and biochemists (2112)\n\n- physical scientists (2113)\n\n- social and humanities scientists (2114)\n\n- natural and social science professionals not elsewhere classified (2119)\n\n- research and development managers (2150)\n\n- higher education teaching professionals (2311)\n\n- clergy (2444)\n\n- sports players (3441)\n\n- sports coaches, instructors or officials (3442)\n\nYou also might not have to pay the charge if you\u2019re sponsoring a worker who was assigned a certificate before 6 April 2017 - there\u2019s more information in part 2 of the guidance for sponsors.\n\nYou will not need to pay the charge for any of the worker\u2019s dependants, for example their partner or child.\n\n## If the person you\u2019re sponsoring changes jobs\n\nIf you\u2019ve assigned a certificate of sponsorship to someone in your organisation, who then moves to a new job in your organisation, you\u2019ll need to assign them a new certificate. They will use this to apply for a new visa.\n\nYou only need to do this if the new job has a different occupation code.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay the immigration skills charge again if the end date on their new visa is later than the end date on their existing visa.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou pay the immigration skills charge when you assign a certificate of sponsorship to the worker.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe amount you need to pay is based on:\n\n- the size of your organisation\n\n- how long the worker will work for you, using the start and end dates on their sponsorship certificate\n\n| |\n\n| Period | Small or charitable sponsors | Medium or large sponsors |\n\n| First 12 months | \u00a3364 | \u00a31,000 |\n\n| Each additional 6 months | \u00a3182 | \u00a3500 |\n\nIf the worker will be in the UK for longer than 6 months but less than a year, you must pay for at least 12 months.\n\nYou must pay the full charge in one go.\n\nContact the Business Helpdesk if you\u2019re not sure which category your business fits into.\n\nAs the longest you can sponsor a worker for is 5 years, the most you have to pay will be:\n\n- \u00a31,820 (5 x \u00a3364) if you\u2019re a small or charitable sponsor\n\n- \u00a35,000 (5 x \u00a31,000) if you\u2019re a medium or large sponsor\n\nUK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) will contact you if you do not pay the charge or pay the wrong amount. You\u2019ll have 10 working days to pay the charge - the worker\u2019s visa application will be refused if you do not.\n\n## Refunds\n\nYou\u2019ll get a full refund if the worker\u2019s visa application is:\n\n- refused or withdrawn\n\n- successful, but they do not come to work for you\n\nYou\u2019ll get a partial refund if the worker:\n\n- gets less time on their visa than you sponsored them for\n\n- starts working for you but then changes to another sponsor\n\n- leaves their job before the end date on their certificate of sponsorship\n\nYou\u2019ll also get a partial refund if you paid the medium or large sponsor fee when assigning the certificate, but had already notified UKVI that you\u2019re now a small or charitable sponsor.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou usually get a refund within 90 days of:\n\n- telling UKVI that the worker did not come to work for you\n\n- the expiration date on the worker\u2019s certificate of sponsorship, if they did not use it to apply for a visa\n\n- the date the worker\u2019s visa application is refused or withdrawn\n\n- the date you assigned the certificate of sponsorship, if you had already notified UKVI that you became a small or charitable sponsor\n\nIf the worker\u2019s visa application is refused, they can ask for the decision to be reviewed. \nThis is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.\n\nIf they do not ask for an administrative review, you\u2019ll get a refund within 90 days of the deadline for applying for one.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a refund within 90 days of the administrative review being dismissed if the worker applied for one and were unsuccessful.\n\nContact UKVI if your refund is not paid within 90 days.\n\n## Job suitability\n\nYou can sponsor a worker if the job they\u2019re going to do has a suitable rate of pay and skill level, or meets the other criteria needed for their visa.\n\n## Additional requirements for religious workers\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to advertise any job you offer to someone with a Religious Worker visa, unless it\u2019s a non-essential position or involves living within a religious order (such as a monk or nun).\n\nWhen you do not need to advertise the job, you need to have records showing that there is not a suitable person who does not require sponsorship to take on the role.\n\nThere are rules you must follow about how to advertise jobs for religious workers.\n\n## Additional requirements for creative workers\n\nCreative jobs done by someone on a Creative or Sporting Worker visa include:\n\n- ballet dancers and other dancers\n\n- film and TV performers\n\n- theatre and opera performers\n\n- film and TV workers\n\n- models\n\nFor creative jobs, you must make sure that either:\n\n- you comply with the creative workers code of practice (if it exists for that occupation)\n\n- the job is on the shortage occupations list\n\nIf the job is not on the shortage occupation list, and there is no code of practice, you need to check that the job cannot be done by a worker who does not need sponsoring.\n\n## Additional requirements for sporting workers\n\nFor sporting jobs that will be done by someone on either the Creative or Sporting Worker visa or Sportsperson visa, you must get an endorsement letter from the relevant governing body.\n\n## Sponsoring under-18s\n\nYou cannot sponsor a foreign worker under 18 on:\n\n- a Skilled Worker visa\n\n- an Intra-company visa\n\n- an International Agreement Worker visa, if they\u2019ll be working as a private servant in a diplomatic household or in the household of an employee of an international organisation\n\n- a Seasonal Worker visa\n\nYou cannot sponsor a child under 16 for a Minister of Religion or Sportsperson visa.\n\n## If you\u2019re also a Student sponsor (ATAS certificates)\n\nIf you also have a Student sponsor licence, you may need to check whether the worker needs an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate.\n\n## Who needs to do this\n\nYou need to do this if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re licensed as a Student sponsor\n\n- you\u2019re sponsoring the worker for a Skilled Worker, Intra-company Transfer, Intra-company Graduate Trainee, Government Authorised Exchange Worker or International Agreement Worker visa\n\n- you\u2019re sponsoring the worker for a role in a relevant occupation code\n\nIf any of these do not apply to you, you do not need to do anything.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nIf you do need to check, you must follow these steps.\n\n- Check if the worker needs an ATAS certificate.\n\n- Add a sponsor note to your certificate of sponsorship, confirming whether or not the worker needs an ATAS certificate.\n\n- If the worker does need an ATAS certificate, you must tell them that they need to get one and include it in their visa application.\n\n## Check if the worker needs an ATAS certificate\n\nThe worker will need an ATAS certificate if all of the following are true:\n\n- they will be carrying out research at PhD level or above\n\n- they will be carrying out research in a \u2018relevant subject\u2019 - check the relevant subject areas list in the worker sponsor guidance\n\n- their nationality is not exempt from needing an ATAS certificate - check the exempt nationalities list in the worker sponsor guidance\n\n## If the worker does not need an ATAS certificate\n\nYour sponsor note should say that the worker does not need an ATAS certificate and explain why.\n\n## If the worker needs an ATAS certificate\n\nYou must:\n\n- tell the worker that they need to get an ATAS certificate and include it in their visa application\n\n- add a sponsor note to your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- make and keep a copy of the ATAS certificate, once it has been issued\n\n## Tell the worker that they need an ATAS certificate\n\nTell the worker that they must apply for an ATAS certificate and include it in their visa application.\n\nIf the worker does not include their ATAS certificate, their visa application will be refused and you may lose your sponsor licences.\n\nATAS certificate applications for workers can take at least 2 weeks to be processed (3 weeks between April and September).\n\n## Add a sponsor note to your certificate of sponsorship\n\nYour sponsor note should say that the worker needs an ATAS certificate and mention whether they have already applied for or been issued with one.\n\n## Make and keep a copy of the ATAS certificate\n\nWhen the worker has received their ATAS certificate, you must make and keep a copy of the certificate, or the electronic approval notice the worker received from the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO).\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must:\n\n- check that your foreign workers have the necessary skills, qualifications or professional accreditations to do their jobs, and keep copies of documents showing this\n\n- only assign certificates of sponsorship to workers when the job is suitable for sponsorship\n\n- tell UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if your sponsored workers are not complying with the conditions of their visa\n\nYour licence may be downgraded, suspended or withdrawn if you do not meet them.\n\nRead the full guidance on sponsor requirements and duties and check workers have the right to work in the UK.\n\n## Monitoring employees\n\nYou must have HR systems in place that let you:\n\n- monitor your employees\u2019 immigration status\n\n- keep copies of relevant documents for each employee, including passport and right to work information\n\n- track and record employees\u2019 attendance\n\n- keep employee contact details up to date\n\n- report to UKVI if there is a problem, for example if your employee stops coming to work\n\n## Changes to your business\n\nYou must report any significant changes in your own circumstances within 20 working days, for example if you:\n\n- stop trading or become insolvent\n\n- substantially change the nature of your business\n\n- are involved in a merger or take-over\n\nYou must also tell UKVI if you\u2019re changing your details, like your address or allocated roles.\n\nTo register a change of circumstances use the sponsorship management system (SMS).\n\nRequests can take up to 18 weeks. You can register a change within 5 working days instead if you use the priority service. It costs \u00a3200.\n\n## Sponsoring under-18s\n\nYou must make sure that foreign workers under 18 have suitable care arrangements for their:\n\n- travel to the UK\n\n- arrival in the UK\n\n- living arrangements in the UK\n\nYou must also get a letter from their parents giving consent to the care arrangements.\n\nYou must get a Disclosure and Barring Service check on any of your workers who need it.\n\nYou\u2019ll lose your licence if you do not do this.\n\n## Children under 16\n\nYou must get a licence from the local education authority in the area where the child will work.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

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    You\u2019ll usually need a sponsor licence to employ someone to work for you from outside the UK. This includes citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland who arrived in the UK after 31 December 2020.

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    This includes unpaid work, like running a charity.

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    You will not need a licence to sponsor certain groups, for example:

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  • Irish citizens
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  • those with settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
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  • those with indefinite leave to remain in the UK
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    Read more about who does not need sponsorship.

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    Sponsoring someone does not guarantee that they\u2019ll be allowed to come to or stay in the UK.

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    How to get a sponsor licence

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  • Check your business is eligible.
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  • Choose the type of licence you want to apply for - this will depend on what type of worker you want to sponsor.
    • ", + "
  • Decide who will manage sponsorship within your business.
    • ", + "
  • Apply online and pay the fee.
    • ", + "

    UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) may visit your business to check it\u2019s suitable.

    ", + "

    After you apply

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    You\u2019ll be given a licence rating if your application is successful.

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    You\u2019ll be able to issue certificates of sponsorship if you have jobs that are suitable for sponsorship.

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    Your licence will be valid for 4 years. You may lose your licence if you do not meet your responsibilities as a sponsor.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

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    To get a licence, you cannot have:

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  • unspent criminal convictions for immigration offences or certain other crimes, such as fraud or money laundering
    • ", + "
  • had a sponsor licence revoked in the last 12 months
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need appropriate systems in place to monitor sponsored employees.

    ", + "

    UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) will review your application form and supporting documents. They may visit your business to make sure you\u2019re trustworthy and capable of carrying out your duties.

    ", + "

    Types of licence

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    The licence you need depends on whether the workers you want to fill your jobs are:

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  • \u2018Workers\u2019 - for those with long-term job offers
    • ", + "
  • \u2018Temporary workers\u2019
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    You can apply for a licence covering one or both types of worker.

    ", + "

    Worker licence

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    A \u2018Worker\u2019 licence will let you employ people long-term or permanently. It\u2019s split into:

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  • Skilled Worker - the role must meet the job suitability requirements
    • ", + "
  • Intra-company visas - this includes Intra-company Transfer and Intra-company Graduate Trainee, for multinational companies which need to transfer established employees or graduate trainees to the UK
    • ", + "
  • Minister of Religion - for people coming to work for a religious organisation
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  • Sportsperson - for elite sportspeople and coaches who will be based in the UK
    • ", + "

    Temporary Worker licence

    ", + "

    A \u2018Temporary Worker\u2019 licence will let you employ people on a temporary basis. It\u2019s split into:

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  • Creative or Sporting Worker - to work as a high-level sportsperson (up to 1 year), entertainer or artist (up to 2 years)
    • ", + "
  • Charity Worker - for unpaid workers at a charity (up to 1 year)
    • ", + "
  • Religious Worker - for those working in a religious order or organisation (2 years)
    • ", + "
  • Government Authorised Exchange Worker - work experience (1 year), research projects or training, for example practical medical or scientific training (2 years) to enable a short-term exchange of knowledge
    • ", + "
  • International Agreement Worker - where the worker is coming to do a job which is covered by international law, for example employees of overseas governments
    • ", + "
  • Seasonal Worker - for those coming to the UK for up to 6 months to do farm work
    • ", + "

    Sponsorship management roles

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    You need to appoint people within your business to manage the sponsorship process when you apply for a licence.

    ", + "

    The main tool they\u2019ll use is the sponsorship management system (SMS).

    ", + "

    The roles are:

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  • authorising officer \u2013 a senior and competent person responsible for the actions of staff and representatives who use the SMS
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  • key contact \u2013 your main point of contact with UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI)
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  • level 1 user \u2013 responsible for all day-to-day management of your licence using the SMS
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    These roles can be filled by the same person or different people.

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    You can also appoint an optional level 2 user once you have your licence. This is an SMS user with more restricted access than a level 1 user, for example they cannot withdraw a certificate of sponsorship.

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    Suitability checks

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    You and your staff will be checked to make sure you\u2019re suitable for these roles. You may not get your licence if anyone involved in sponsorship has:

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  • an unspent criminal conviction
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  • been fined by UKVI in the past 12 months
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  • been reported to UKVI
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  • broken the law
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  • been a \u2018key person\u2019 at a sponsor that had its licence revoked in the last 12 months
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  • failed to pay VAT or other excise duty
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    You and your allocated staff must also:

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  • be based in the UK most of the time
    • ", + "
  • not be a contractor or consultant contracted for a specific project
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  • not be subject to a bankruptcy restriction order or undertaking, or a debt relief restriction order or undertaking
    • ", + "
  • not have a history of non-compliance with sponsor requirements
    • ", + "

    Your allocated staff must usually be paid members of staff, or office holders.

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    Read the full guidance on appointing \u2018key personnel\u2019.

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    HR contractors and agency staff

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    You must have at least one level 1 user who is your employee. You can have other level 1 or level 2 users employed by third-party organisations contracted to provide you with HR services. Your level 2 user can be a temporary member of staff supplied by an agency.

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    UK-based legal representatives

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    You can allocate any of the roles to a UK-based legal representative, apart from the authorising officer role. Your representative must be qualified to give immigration advice or services.

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    Apply for your licence

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    You need to apply online for your licence.

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    Once you\u2019ve finished the online application, you need to send in:

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  • the submission sheet at the end of the application
    • ", + "
  • your supporting documents
    • ", + "

    Any affidavits or statutory declarations you send must be witnessed by a qualified, independent person - for example, a solicitor, Notary Public, Justice of the Peace, Commissioner for Oaths, or (in Scotland only) a Councillor.

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    Apply now

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    How to send the documents

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    You can scan or take pictures of your submission sheet and supporting documents and send them to the email address given on the submission sheet. Make sure your files:

    ", + "
  • are in PDF, JPEG or PNG format
    • ", + "
  • have descriptive titles, with 25 or fewer characters
    • ", + "
  • are high enough quality to be read
    • ", + "

    If your documents are not in English or Welsh, they must be accompanied by a certified translation - there\u2019s more information in part 1 of the guidance for sponsors.

    ", + "

    If you cannot scan and send the documents by email, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) using the contact details on the submission sheet.

    ", + "

    Licence fees

    ", + "

    You need to pay a fee when you apply. The fee depends on the type of licence you\u2019re applying for and what type of organisation you are.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re usually a small sponsor if two of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your annual turnover is \u00a310.2 million or less
    • ", + "
  • your total assets are worth \u00a35.1 million or less
    • ", + "
  • you have 50 employees or fewer
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re a charitable sponsor if you\u2019re either:

    ", + "
  • a registered, excepted or exempt charity
    • ", + "
  • an ecclesiastical corporation established for charitable purposes
    • ", + "

    Contact the Business Helpdesk if you\u2019re unsure which category your business fits into.

    ", + "Type of licence | Fee for small or charitable sponsors | Fee for medium or large sponsors", + "Worker | \u00a3536 | \u00a31,476", + "Temporary Worker | \u00a3536 | \u00a3536", + "Worker and Temporary Worker | \u00a3536 | \u00a3 1,476", + "Add a Worker licence to an existing Temporary Worker licence | No fee | \u00a3940", + "Add a Temporary Worker licence to an existing Worker licence | No fee | No fee", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Most applications (8 out of 10) are dealt with in less than 8 weeks. UKVI may need to visit your business.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay \u00a3500 to get a decision within 10 working days. You\u2019ll be told if you can after you apply.

    ", + "

    Applications refused because of a mistake

    ", + "

    You can apply to request a review of your application if you think it was refused because:

    ", + "
  • the caseworker processing your application made a mistake
    • ", + "
  • your supporting documents were not considered
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply just because you disagree with the decision.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Sponsors can get advice from the sponsorship, employer and education helpline:

    ", + "

    You can also join the premium customer service scheme to get extra support from a licence manager - this costs at least \u00a38,000 a year.

    ", + "

    UK businesses and Tier 1 (Investors) can get help from the Business Helpdesk:

    ", + "

    Your licence rating

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an A-rated licence if your application is approved.

    ", + "

    A-rating - full sponsor licence

    ", + "

    An A-rated licence lets you start assigning certificates of sponsorship.

    ", + "

    Your business will be listed in the register of sponsors.

    ", + "

    Downgrading to B-rating

    ", + "

    Your A-rated licence may be downgraded to a B-rating at a later stage if you do not continue to meet your sponsor duties.

    ", + "

    If this happens, you will not be able to issue new certificates of sponsorship until you\u2019ve made improvements and upgraded back to an A-rating.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be able to issue certificates to workers you already employ who want to extend their permission to stay.

    ", + "

    Upgrade to an A-rating

    ", + "

    You need to follow an \u2018action plan\u2019 provided by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) to upgrade your licence.

    ", + "

    You have to pay \u00a31,476 for an action plan.

    ", + "

    You must pay the fee within 10 working days of the date UKVI tells you about the downgrade. If you do not, you\u2019ll lose your licence.

    ", + "

    At the end of the action plan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be upgraded to an A-rating if you complete all the steps and there\u2019s nothing else you need to improve.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll lose your licence if you do not complete all the steps.

    ", + "

    If you need to make other improvements, you\u2019ll be given another B-rating and will have to follow a new action plan. You\u2019ll have to pay the fee again.

    ", + "

    If you get a second B-rating

    ", + "

    You can only have 2 B-ratings in the 4 years that your licence is valid.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll lose your licence if you still need to make improvements after your second action plan.

    ", + "

    How to reapply

    ", + "

    You cannot appeal if your licence is revoked, but you can reapply. You have to wait at least 12 months before reapplying.

    ", + "

    You need to start a new application when you reapply.

    ", + "

    Certificates of sponsorship

    ", + "

    You must assign a certificate of sponsorship to each foreign worker you employ. This is an electronic record, not a physical document. Each certificate has its own number which a worker can use to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    When you assign the certificate to a worker, they must use it to apply for their visa within 3 months. They must not apply for their visa more than 3 months before the start date of the job listed on the certificate.

    ", + "

    Defined certificates

    ", + "

    These are for people applying on a Skilled Worker visa from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    You must apply for defined certificates for these workers through the sponsorship management system (SMS). You\u2019ll get access to this when you get your licence.

    ", + "

    When you get the certificate

    ", + "

    Applications are usually approved within one working day. It may take longer if UKVI need to carry out further checks on the information in your application.

    ", + "

    Defined certificates will appear in your SMS account once they have been approved. You can then assign them to a worker.

    ", + "

    Undefined certificates

    ", + "

    These are for Skilled Workers applying from inside the UK, and applicants on all other visas.

    ", + "

    When you apply for your licence you\u2019ll be asked to estimate how many undefined certificates you\u2019ll need for Workers and Temporary Workers in the first year.

    ", + "

    Certificate costs

    ", + "

    Certificates are free for citizens of the following countries:

    ", + "

    Austria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.

    ", + "

    For other citizens, you need to pay for each certificate.

    ", + "Type of certificate | Cost per certificate", + "Worker | \u00a3199", + "Temporary Worker | \u00a321", + "

    If you assign a certificate of sponsorship to a worker on a Skilled Worker or Intra-company Transfer visa, you might also need to pay the immigration skills charge.

    ", + "

    Immigration skills charge

    ", + "

    You might have to pay an additional charge when you assign a certificate of sponsorship to someone applying for a Skilled Worker or Intra-company Transfer visa. This is called the \u2018immigration skills charge\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must pay the immigration skills charge if they\u2019re applying for a visa from:

    ", + "
  • outside the UK to work in the UK for 6 months or more
    • ", + "
  • inside the UK for any length of time
    • ", + "

    When you do not need to pay

    ", + "

    You will not pay the immigration skills charge if you\u2019re sponsoring someone:

    ", + "
  • on an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa
    • ", + "
  • who is on a visa to study in the UK, and switches to a Skilled Worker or Intra-company Transfer visa - if they then extend their stay on the new visa, you will not have to pay the charge
    • ", + "

    You will also not have to pay the charge if you\u2019re sponsoring someone with one of the following occupation codes:

    ", + "
  • chemical scientists (2111)
    • ", + "
  • biological scientists and biochemists (2112)
    • ", + "
  • physical scientists (2113)
    • ", + "
  • social and humanities scientists (2114)
    • ", + "
  • natural and social science professionals not elsewhere classified (2119)
    • ", + "
  • research and development managers (2150)
    • ", + "
  • higher education teaching professionals (2311)
    • ", + "
  • clergy (2444)
    • ", + "
  • sports players (3441)
    • ", + "
  • sports coaches, instructors or officials (3442)
    • ", + "

    You also might not have to pay the charge if you\u2019re sponsoring a worker who was assigned a certificate before 6 April 2017 - there\u2019s more information in part 2 of the guidance for sponsors.

    ", + "

    You will not need to pay the charge for any of the worker\u2019s dependants, for example their partner or child.

    ", + "

    If the person you\u2019re sponsoring changes jobs

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve assigned a certificate of sponsorship to someone in your organisation, who then moves to a new job in your organisation, you\u2019ll need to assign them a new certificate. They will use this to apply for a new visa.

    ", + "

    You only need to do this if the new job has a different occupation code.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay the immigration skills charge again if the end date on their new visa is later than the end date on their existing visa.

    ", + "

    How to pay

    ", + "

    You pay the immigration skills charge when you assign a certificate of sponsorship to the worker.

    ", + "

    How much it costs

    ", + "

    The amount you need to pay is based on:

    ", + "
  • the size of your organisation
    • ", + "
  • how long the worker will work for you, using the start and end dates on their sponsorship certificate
    • ", + "", + "Period | Small or charitable sponsors | Medium or large sponsors", + "First 12 months | \u00a3364 | \u00a31,000", + "Each additional 6 months | \u00a3182 | \u00a3500", + "

    If the worker will be in the UK for longer than 6 months but less than a year, you must pay for at least 12 months.

    ", + "

    You must pay the full charge in one go.

    ", + "

    Contact the Business Helpdesk if you\u2019re not sure which category your business fits into.

    ", + "

    As the longest you can sponsor a worker for is 5 years, the most you have to pay will be:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,820 (5 x \u00a3364) if you\u2019re a small or charitable sponsor
    • ", + "
  • \u00a35,000 (5 x \u00a31,000) if you\u2019re a medium or large sponsor
    • ", + "

    UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) will contact you if you do not pay the charge or pay the wrong amount. You\u2019ll have 10 working days to pay the charge - the worker\u2019s visa application will be refused if you do not.

    ", + "

    Refunds

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a full refund if the worker\u2019s visa application is:

    ", + "
  • refused or withdrawn
    • ", + "
  • successful, but they do not come to work for you
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a partial refund if the worker:

    ", + "
  • gets less time on their visa than you sponsored them for
    • ", + "
  • starts working for you but then changes to another sponsor
    • ", + "
  • leaves their job before the end date on their certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get a partial refund if you paid the medium or large sponsor fee when assigning the certificate, but had already notified UKVI that you\u2019re now a small or charitable sponsor.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You usually get a refund within 90 days of:

    ", + "
  • telling UKVI that the worker did not come to work for you
    • ", + "
  • the expiration date on the worker\u2019s certificate of sponsorship, if they did not use it to apply for a visa
    • ", + "
  • the date the worker\u2019s visa application is refused or withdrawn
    • ", + "
  • the date you assigned the certificate of sponsorship, if you had already notified UKVI that you became a small or charitable sponsor
    • ", + "

    If the worker\u2019s visa application is refused, they can ask for the decision to be reviewed. \nThis is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.

    ", + "

    If they do not ask for an administrative review, you\u2019ll get a refund within 90 days of the deadline for applying for one.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a refund within 90 days of the administrative review being dismissed if the worker applied for one and were unsuccessful.

    ", + "

    Contact UKVI if your refund is not paid within 90 days.

    ", + "

    Job suitability

    ", + "

    You can sponsor a worker if the job they\u2019re going to do has a suitable rate of pay and skill level, or meets the other criteria needed for their visa.

    ", + "

    Additional requirements for religious workers

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to advertise any job you offer to someone with a Religious Worker visa, unless it\u2019s a non-essential position or involves living within a religious order (such as a monk or nun).

    ", + "

    When you do not need to advertise the job, you need to have records showing that there is not a suitable person who does not require sponsorship to take on the role.

    ", + "

    There are rules you must follow about how to advertise jobs for religious workers.

    ", + "

    Additional requirements for creative workers

    ", + "

    Creative jobs done by someone on a Creative or Sporting Worker visa include:

    ", + "
  • ballet dancers and other dancers
    • ", + "
  • film and TV performers
    • ", + "
  • theatre and opera performers
    • ", + "
  • film and TV workers
    • ", + "
  • models
    • ", + "

    For creative jobs, you must make sure that either:

    ", + "
  • you comply with the creative workers code of practice (if it exists for that occupation)
    • ", + "
  • the job is on the shortage occupations list
    • ", + "

    If the job is not on the shortage occupation list, and there is no code of practice, you need to check that the job cannot be done by a worker who does not need sponsoring.

    ", + "

    Additional requirements for sporting workers

    ", + "

    For sporting jobs that will be done by someone on either the Creative or Sporting Worker visa or Sportsperson visa, you must get an endorsement letter from the relevant governing body.

    ", + "

    Sponsoring under-18s

    ", + "

    You cannot sponsor a foreign worker under 18 on:

    ", + "
  • a Skilled Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • an Intra-company visa
    • ", + "
  • an International Agreement Worker visa, if they\u2019ll be working as a private servant in a diplomatic household or in the household of an employee of an international organisation
    • ", + "
  • a Seasonal Worker visa
    • ", + "

    You cannot sponsor a child under 16 for a Minister of Religion or Sportsperson visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re also a Student sponsor (ATAS certificates)

    ", + "

    If you also have a Student sponsor licence, you may need to check whether the worker needs an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate.

    ", + "

    Who needs to do this

    ", + "

    You need to do this if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re licensed as a Student sponsor
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re sponsoring the worker for a Skilled Worker, Intra-company Transfer, Intra-company Graduate Trainee, Government Authorised Exchange Worker or International Agreement Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re sponsoring the worker for a role in a relevant occupation code
    • ", + "

    If any of these do not apply to you, you do not need to do anything.

    ", + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "

    If you do need to check, you must follow these steps.

    ", + "
  • Check if the worker needs an ATAS certificate.
    • ", + "
  • Add a sponsor note to your certificate of sponsorship, confirming whether or not the worker needs an ATAS certificate.
    • ", + "
  • If the worker does need an ATAS certificate, you must tell them that they need to get one and include it in their visa application.
    • ", + "

    Check if the worker needs an ATAS certificate

    ", + "

    The worker will need an ATAS certificate if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • they will be carrying out research at PhD level or above
    • ", + "
  • they will be carrying out research in a \u2018relevant subject\u2019 - check the relevant subject areas list in the worker sponsor guidance
    • ", + "
  • their nationality is not exempt from needing an ATAS certificate - check the exempt nationalities list in the worker sponsor guidance
    • ", + "

    If the worker does not need an ATAS certificate

    ", + "

    Your sponsor note should say that the worker does not need an ATAS certificate and explain why.

    ", + "

    If the worker needs an ATAS certificate

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • tell the worker that they need to get an ATAS certificate and include it in their visa application
    • ", + "
  • add a sponsor note to your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • make and keep a copy of the ATAS certificate, once it has been issued
    • ", + "

    Tell the worker that they need an ATAS certificate

    ", + "

    Tell the worker that they must apply for an ATAS certificate and include it in their visa application.

    ", + "

    If the worker does not include their ATAS certificate, their visa application will be refused and you may lose your sponsor licences.

    ", + "

    ATAS certificate applications for workers can take at least 2 weeks to be processed (3 weeks between April and September).

    ", + "

    Add a sponsor note to your certificate of sponsorship

    ", + "

    Your sponsor note should say that the worker needs an ATAS certificate and mention whether they have already applied for or been issued with one.

    ", + "

    Make and keep a copy of the ATAS certificate

    ", + "

    When the worker has received their ATAS certificate, you must make and keep a copy of the certificate, or the electronic approval notice the worker received from the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO).

    ", + "

    Your responsibilities

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • check that your foreign workers have the necessary skills, qualifications or professional accreditations to do their jobs, and keep copies of documents showing this
    • ", + "
  • only assign certificates of sponsorship to workers when the job is suitable for sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • tell UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if your sponsored workers are not complying with the conditions of their visa
    • ", + "

    Your licence may be downgraded, suspended or withdrawn if you do not meet them.

    ", + "

    Read the full guidance on sponsor requirements and duties and check workers have the right to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    Monitoring employees

    ", + "

    You must have HR systems in place that let you:

    ", + "
  • monitor your employees\u2019 immigration status
    • ", + "
  • keep copies of relevant documents for each employee, including passport and right to work information
    • ", + "
  • track and record employees\u2019 attendance
    • ", + "
  • keep employee contact details up to date
    • ", + "
  • report to UKVI if there is a problem, for example if your employee stops coming to work
    • ", + "

    Changes to your business

    ", + "

    You must report any significant changes in your own circumstances within 20 working days, for example if you:

    ", + "
  • stop trading or become insolvent
    • ", + "
  • substantially change the nature of your business
    • ", + "
  • are involved in a merger or take-over
    • ", + "

    You must also tell UKVI if you\u2019re changing your details, like your address or allocated roles.

    ", + "

    To register a change of circumstances use the sponsorship management system (SMS).

    ", + "

    Requests can take up to 18 weeks. You can register a change within 5 working days instead if you use the priority service. It costs \u00a3200.

    ", + "

    Sponsoring under-18s

    ", + "

    You must make sure that foreign workers under 18 have suitable care arrangements for their:

    ", + "
  • travel to the UK
    • ", + "
  • arrival in the UK
    • ", + "
  • living arrangements in the UK
    • ", + "

    You must also get a letter from their parents giving consent to the care arrangements.

    ", + "

    You must get a Disclosure and Barring Service check on any of your workers who need it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll lose your licence if you do not do this.

    ", + "

    Children under 16

    ", + "

    You must get a licence from the local education authority in the area where the child will work.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/student-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-visa", + "title": "Student visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Student visa to study in the UK if you\u2019re 16 or over and you:\n\n- have been offered a place on a course by a licensed student sponsor\n\n- have enough money to support yourself and pay for your course - the amount will vary depending on your circumstances\n\n- can speak, read, write and understand English\n\n- have consent from your parents if you\u2019re 16 or 17 - you\u2019ll need evidence of this when you apply\n\nIf you\u2019re 16 or 17 and you want to study at an independent school in the UK, you may be eligible for a Child Student visa instead.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 4 (General) student visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme. The deadline is 30 June 2021.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## When to apply\n\nWhen you can apply depends on whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## Applying from outside the UK\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 6 months before you start your course.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\n## Applying from inside the UK\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.\n\nYou must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin within 28 days of your current visa expiring.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nHow long you can stay depends on the length of your course and what study you\u2019ve already completed.\n\nIf you\u2019re 18 or over and your course is at degree level, you can usually stay in the UK for up to 5 years. If it\u2019s below degree level, you can usually stay in the UK for up to 2 years.\n\nRead the guidance to find out exactly how long you can stay.\n\n## Staying longer in the UK\n\nYou may be able to:\n\n- extend your visa if you\u2019re eligible, for example to continue your studies in the UK\n\n- switch to a Student visa from another visa if you\u2019re already in the UK\n\n## When you can travel to the UK\n\nYou can arrive in the UK before your course starts. This can be either:\n\n- up to 1 week before, if your course lasts 6 months or less\n\n- up to 1 month before, if your course lasts more than 6 months\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a3348 to apply for a Student visa from outside the UK\n\n- \u00a3475 to extend or switch to a Student visa from inside the UK\n\nYou must pay the visa fee for each person that joins you.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou may be able to bring your partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019).\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study\n\n- work as a student union sabbatical officer\n\nYou may be able to work - how much depends on what you\u2019re studying and whether you\u2019re working in or out of term-time.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- claim public funds (benefits) and pensions\n\n- work in certain jobs, for example as a professional sportsperson or sports coach\n\n- be self-employed\n\n- study at an academy or a local authority-funded school (also known as a maintained school)\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll be told what you can and cannot do on a Student visa.\n\n## Your course\n\nYou must have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed student sponsor.\n\nTo prove this, your education provider will send you a reference number (called a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)) once they\u2019ve offered you a place on the course. You need a CAS before you can apply for your visa.\n\n## Courses you can study\n\nYou can do one of the following courses:\n\n- a full-time course leading to a qualification that\u2019s below degree level (RQF level 3, 4 or 5) with at least 15 hours a week of organised daytime study\n\n- a full-time course leading to a qualification that\u2019s degree level or above (RQF level 6, 7 or 8)\n\n- a full-time course at degree level or above (RQF level 6,7 or 8) that\u2019s equivalent to a UK higher education course and is being delivered as part of a longer course overseas\n\n- a part-time course leading to a qualification that\u2019s above degree level (RQF level 7 or above)\n\n- a recognised foundation programme for postgraduate doctors or dentists\n\n- an English language course at level B2 or above in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages\n\nYou may also need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate if you\u2019re studying or researching sensitive topics at RQF level 7 or above.\n\nThe qualification levels are different in Scotland.\n\nYou can also apply for this visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- taking up a full-time elected position as a Student Union Sabbatical Officer\n\n- applying to extend your stay on the Doctorate Extension Scheme - you must currently have permission to be in the UK on a Student visa (or a Tier 4 (General) student visa) and your course must lead to a PhD\n\n## Postgraduate doctors and dentists\n\nYou can apply for this visa if you\u2019re sponsored to do a recognised foundation programme and you\u2019ve:\n\n- finished a recognised UK degree in medicine or dentistry\n\n- received that degree from a registered student sponsor\n\n- spent your final year and at least 1 other year of studies leading to that degree in the UK\n\n## Your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)\n\nOnce they\u2019ve offered you a place on the course, your education provider will send you a reference number called a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies.\n\nYou must enter this reference number on your visa application.\n\nYou must apply for your visa within 6 months of receiving your CAS.\n\n## Money you need\n\nYou must have enough money to pay for your course and support yourself in the UK.\n\nHow much money you need depends on your circumstances and what you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## Course fee\n\nYou need enough money to pay for your course for 1 academic year (up to 9 months). The amount you need to pay will be on your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months, you do not need to prove you have this money for your visa application.\n\n## Money to support yourself (\u2018financial requirement\u2019)\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show you have enough money to support yourself - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months on the date of your application.\n\nHow much money you need depends on where you will be studying. You\u2019ll need either:\n\n- \u00a31,334 per month (for up to 9 months) for courses in London\n\n- \u00a31,023 per month (for up to 9 months) for courses outside London\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for the Doctorate Extension Scheme, and you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 12 months, you need to prove you have a total of \u00a32,668 for courses in London, or a total of \u00a32,046 for courses outside London.\n\nIf you\u2019re boarding at a residential independent school, you\u2019ll need to pay boarding fees instead. The amount you need to pay will be on your CAS.\n\nLondon means the City of London and the 32 London boroughs.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prove you have extra money for each family member you bring with you.\n\nYou must have this money for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28-day period must be within 31 days of the date you apply for your visa.\n\nIf you have a student loan or financial sponsorship, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of this from your loan or sponsorship company.\n\nRead the guidance on finances for student applications for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## When you do not need to prove you have money to support yourself\n\nYou do not need to prove the financial requirement if:\n\n- you\u2019ve had a UK visa for 12 months prior to the date of your Student visa application - you must currently be in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a student union sabbatical officer\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a postgraduate doctor or dentist on a recognised foundation programme\n\n## If you\u2019re from a country listed under the \u2018differential evidence requirement\u2019\n\nYou do not need to prove you have enough money to support yourself if you\u2019re a British national overseas or from one of the following countries or territories:\n\n- Australia\n\n- Austria\n\n- Bahrain\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belgium\n\n- Botswana\n\n- Brazil\n\n- Brunei\n\n- Bulgaria\n\n- Cambodia\n\n- Canada\n\n- Chile\n\n- China\n\n- Croatia\n\n- Republic of Cyprus\n\n- Czech Republic\n\n- Denmark\n\n- The Dominican Republic\n\n- Estonia\n\n- Finland\n\n- France\n\n- Germany\n\n- Greece\n\n- Hong Kong\n\n- Hungary\n\n- Iceland\n\n- Indonesia\n\n- Ireland\n\n- Italy\n\n- Japan\n\n- Kazakhstan\n\n- Kuwait\n\n- Latvia\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Lithuania\n\n- Luxembourg\n\n- Macao\n\n- Malaysia\n\n- Malta\n\n- Mauritius\n\n- Mexico\n\n- Netherlands\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Norway\n\n- Oman\n\n- Peru\n\n- Poland\n\n- Portugal\n\n- Qatar\n\n- Romania\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Singapore\n\n- Slovakia\n\n- Slovenia\n\n- South Korea\n\n- Spain\n\n- Sweden\n\n- Switzerland\n\n- Taiwan\n\n- Thailand\n\n- Tunisia\n\n- United Arab Emirates\n\n- United States of America\n\nHowever, you might be asked to provide this evidence before you get a decision on your application.\n\nIf you do need to provide it, you\u2019ll be contacted by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) after you\u2019ve submitted your application.\n\nRead the guidance on finances for student applications for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou must prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by:\n\n- passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider\n\n- having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English, gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18\n\n## Level of English\n\nYou must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to a certain level on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.\n\n| What you\u2019re studying | Level |\n\n| Degree level or above | Equivalent to CEFR level B2 |\n\n| Below degree level | CEFR level B1 |\n\n## If you\u2019re studying with a Higher Education Provider\n\nIf you\u2019re studying at degree level or above, your Higher Education Provider (HEP) can assess your level of English themselves. This means they may ask you to do a different test.\n\nThis must still be equivalent to a CEFR level B2.\n\n## Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019ve completed a qualification equivalent to a UK degree in one of the following countries, or are from one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Ireland\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- UK\n\n- USA\n\nYou also do not need to prove your knowledge of English if one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re a national of Canada\n\n- you\u2019re applying to come to the UK for a study abroad programme as part of a university degree course in the USA\n\n- you proved your level of English in a previous visa application\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply for your Student visa you must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel documentation\n\n- a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS) from your course provider\n\nYou may also need to provide:\n\n- proof you have enough money to support yourself and pay for your course - this will vary depending on your circumstances\n\n- a valid ATAS certificate if your course and nationality require it\n\n- proof of parental or other legal guardian consent if you\u2019re under 18\n\n- proof of your relationship to your parent or guardian if you\u2019re under 18\n\n- your tuberculosis test results\n\n- written consent for your application from your financial sponsor if you\u2019ve received sponsorship for your course fees and living costs in the last 12 months\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances. Read the guidance for the full list of documents you\u2019ll need to provide.\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you need to give your biometric information (fingerprints and a photograph) at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this when you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re under 18\n\nIf you\u2019re under 18 you\u2019ll need written consent from both parents or legal guardians (or one parent if they have sole responsibility).\n\nThis must include their consent for:\n\n- your visa application\n\n- your living and care arrangements in the UK\n\n- your travel to the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide a copy of your birth certificate (or another government issued document) that shows the names of your parents.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online for a Student visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a visa application centre\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nIf you need to give your biometric information at a visa application centre, you may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply inside the UK\n\nYou may be able to apply to:\n\n- extend your Student visa\n\n- switch to a Student visa from another type of visa\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:\n\n- a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a visa application centre\n\n- a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019) may be able to apply to come to the UK or stay longer in the UK.\n\nYou must be one of the following:\n\n- a full-time student on a postgraduate level course (RQF level 7 or above) that lasts 9 months or longer\n\n- a new government-sponsored student on a course that lasts longer than 6 months\n\n- a Doctorate Extension Scheme student\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is one of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- your unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 years old - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply, for example:\n\n- a marriage or civil partnership certificate for your partner\n\n- a birth certificate for your child\n\nFind out what other documents you can use to prove your relationship.\n\n## If your child is 16 or 17\n\nIf your child is 16 or 17 on the date you apply you\u2019ll need to prove they are not living an independent life, for example they\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prove:\n\n- where they live - if they do not live with you, you\u2019ll need to explain why\n\n- any rent or upkeep they pay you each month\n\n- that you support them financially if they do not live with you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and child must each have a certain amount of money available to them. This is in addition to the money you must have to support yourself.\n\nHow much money they need depends on where you will be studying. They must have either:\n\n- \u00a3845 a month (for up to 9 months) for courses in London\n\n- \u00a3680 a month (for up to 9 months) for courses outside London\n\nIf you\u2019re applying at the same time as your partner or child (you\u2019re applying together as a family), you\u2019ll need to prove you have both money to pay for your course and to support yourself and additional money for each of them.\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you (they\u2019re applying separately) they only need to prove they have money to support themselves.\n\nYou (or your partner or child) must have this money for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28 day period must be within 31 days of the date they apply for their visa.\n\nIf you have a student loan or financial sponsorship, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of this from your loan or sponsorship company. If your loan does not cover your partner or child, you\u2019ll need to prove you have money to support them instead.\n\n## When they do not need to prove they have money to support themselves\n\nYour partner or child does not need to prove they have this money if they\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months.\n\nIf you and your partner or child are from a country listed under the \u2018differential evidence requirement\u2019 and you\u2019re applying at the same time, they do not need to prove they have money to support themselves.\n\nHowever, they might be asked to provide this evidence before they get a decision on their application.\n\nIf they do need to provide it, they\u2019ll be contacted by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) after they\u2019ve submitted their application.\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must either:\n\n- apply online as your partner\n\n- apply online as your child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you get it when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit).\n\nThey\u2019ll have to collect their biometric residence permit within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## How long they can stay\n\nIf their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Apply inside the UK to extend or switch\n\nApply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you extend or switch your own visa.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date - this must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or child cannot apply to switch in the UK if they have one of the following visas:\n\n- a visit visa\n\n- a short-term student visa\n\n- a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- a seasonal worker visa\n\n- a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n## Fees\n\nEach person will need to pay:\n\n- \u00a3475 for the visa\n\n- the healthcare surcharge - check how much they\u2019ll have to pay\n\nThey may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and child must apply online. They must either:\n\n- apply as a partner\n\n- apply as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you get it when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## Getting a faster decision\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nApply online for any children you have while in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou may be able to extend your Student visa to stay longer and continue your course or study a new course. This includes if you currently have a Tier 4 (General) student visa.\n\nTo extend your visa you must:\n\n- be in the UK on a Student visa or a Tier 4 (General) student visa\n\n- have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed student sponsor - shown by your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)\n\n- show that your studies are at a higher academic level than your current course (called the \u2018academic progress requirement\u2019) - there are some exceptions\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for less than 12 months, you\u2019ll need to prove you have enough money to support yourself in the UK.\n\nApply to extend your dependants\u2019 visas at the same time as you extend your own visa. If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can extend their visas at a later date - this must be before their current visa expires.\n\n## Showing academic progress\n\nIf you\u2019re currently studying in the UK, you\u2019ll usually need to show your studies will be at a higher academic level than your current course.\n\nYour new course must be one of the following:\n\n- at a higher academic level than your current course\n\n- at the same level and related to your previous course or career aspirations - it must be degree level or above at a Higher Education Provider (HEP)\n\n- intercalated to a medicine, dentistry or medical science course you started studying under your Student visa (including a Tier 4 (General) student visa)\n\nYou do not need to show your studies are at a higher level if you\u2019re doing one of the following:\n\n- resitting exams or repeating modules\n\n- applying for the first time to a new institution to complete a course you started at an institution that lost its student sponsorship licence\n\n- applying after working as a student union sabbatical officer to complete a qualification you started studying under your last Student visa (including a Tier 4 (General) student visa)\n\n- completing a PhD or other doctorate that you started studying under your last Student visa (including a Tier 4 (General) student visa)\n\n- continuing your medical, dentistry or medical science degree after completing an intercalated course\n\n- applying to extend your stay to complete your studies because you\u2019ve done (or want to do) a work placement or study abroad programme\n\nRead the guidance for more information about when you need to prove your studies are at a higher level.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to work in the UK\n\nYou can get a CAS if you\u2019re:\n\n- applying to work as a student union sabbatical officer\n\n- applying to stay in the UK to look for work after you\u2019ve finished your PhD or doctorate - the \u2018Doctorate Extension Scheme\u2019 (DES)\n\n## When to apply\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.\n\nYou must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin with 28 days of your current visa expiring.\n\nFor example, if your visa expires on 1 December, you must apply for a new visa before 1 December. Your new course must begin by 29 December.\n\nYou must also apply within 6 months of getting a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you get your decision.\n\nIf you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.\n\n## Fees\n\nFor each person, you\u2019ll need to pay:\n\n- \u00a3475 to extend this visa\n\n- the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay\n\nYou may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.\n\nHow you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nStart now\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nA decision will usually be made within 8 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## If your application is successful\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:\n\n- a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a UKVCAS centre\n\n- a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou may be able to switch to a Student visa if you already have permission to be in the UK.\n\nYou cannot switch to this visa if you have one of the following visas:\n\n- a visit visa\n\n- a short-term student visa\n\n- a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- a seasonal worker visa\n\n- a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- leave outside the immigration rules\n\nIf you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme, you do not need to apply for a visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo switch to a Student visa you must:\n\n- be in the UK\n\n- have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed student sponsor - shown by your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for less than 12 months, you\u2019ll need to prove you have enough money to support yourself in the UK.\n\nApply to switch your dependants\u2019 visas at the same time as you switch your own visa. If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can switch their visas at a later date - this must be before their current visa expires.\n\n## When to apply\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.\n\nYou must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin with 28 days of your current visa expiring.\n\nFor example, if your visa expires on 1 December, you must apply for a new visa before 1 December. Your new course must begin by 29 December.\n\nYou must also apply within 6 months of getting a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you get your decision.\n\nIf you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.\n\n## Fees\n\nFor each person, you\u2019ll need to pay:\n\n- \u00a3475 to extend this visa\n\n- the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay\n\nYou may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.\n\nHow you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nStart now\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nA decision will usually be made within 8 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## If your application is successful\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:\n\n- a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a UKVCAS centre\n\n- a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

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    You can apply for a Student visa to study in the UK if you\u2019re 16 or over and you:

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  • have been offered a place on a course by a licensed student sponsor
    • ", + "
  • have enough money to support yourself and pay for your course - the amount will vary depending on your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • can speak, read, write and understand English
    • ", + "
  • have consent from your parents if you\u2019re 16 or 17 - you\u2019ll need evidence of this when you apply
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re 16 or 17 and you want to study at an independent school in the UK, you may be eligible for a Child Student visa instead.

    ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 4 (General) student visa.

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    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme. The deadline is 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to study in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    When you can apply depends on whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 6 months before you start your course.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Applying from inside the UK

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin within 28 days of your current visa expiring.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

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    How long you can stay depends on the length of your course and what study you\u2019ve already completed.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 18 or over and your course is at degree level, you can usually stay in the UK for up to 5 years. If it\u2019s below degree level, you can usually stay in the UK for up to 2 years.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to find out exactly how long you can stay.

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    Staying longer in the UK

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    You may be able to:

    ", + "
  • extend your visa if you\u2019re eligible, for example to continue your studies in the UK
    • ", + "
  • switch to a Student visa from another visa if you\u2019re already in the UK
    • ", + "

    When you can travel to the UK

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    You can arrive in the UK before your course starts. This can be either:

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  • up to 1 week before, if your course lasts 6 months or less
    • ", + "
  • up to 1 month before, if your course lasts more than 6 months
    • ", + "

    Fees

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    It costs:

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  • \u00a3348 to apply for a Student visa from outside the UK
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  • \u00a3475 to extend or switch to a Student visa from inside the UK
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    You must pay the visa fee for each person that joins you.

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    Healthcare surcharge

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    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.

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    Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

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    Your partner and children

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    You may be able to bring your partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019).

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    What you can and cannot do

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    You can:

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  • study
    • ", + "
  • work as a student union sabbatical officer
    • ", + "

    You may be able to work - how much depends on what you\u2019re studying and whether you\u2019re working in or out of term-time.

    ", + "

    You cannot:

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  • claim public funds (benefits) and pensions
    • ", + "
  • work in certain jobs, for example as a professional sportsperson or sports coach
    • ", + "
  • be self-employed
    • ", + "
  • study at an academy or a local authority-funded school (also known as a maintained school)
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    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll be told what you can and cannot do on a Student visa.

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    Your course

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    You must have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed student sponsor.

    ", + "

    To prove this, your education provider will send you a reference number (called a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)) once they\u2019ve offered you a place on the course. You need a CAS before you can apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    Courses you can study

    ", + "

    You can do one of the following courses:

    ", + "
  • a full-time course leading to a qualification that\u2019s below degree level (RQF level 3, 4 or 5) with at least 15 hours a week of organised daytime study
    • ", + "
  • a full-time course leading to a qualification that\u2019s degree level or above (RQF level 6, 7 or 8)
    • ", + "
  • a full-time course at degree level or above (RQF level 6,7 or 8) that\u2019s equivalent to a UK higher education course and is being delivered as part of a longer course overseas
    • ", + "
  • a part-time course leading to a qualification that\u2019s above degree level (RQF level 7 or above)
    • ", + "
  • a recognised foundation programme for postgraduate doctors or dentists
    • ", + "
  • an English language course at level B2 or above in the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages
    • ", + "

    You may also need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate if you\u2019re studying or researching sensitive topics at RQF level 7 or above.

    ", + "

    The qualification levels are different in Scotland.

    ", + "

    You can also apply for this visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • taking up a full-time elected position as a Student Union Sabbatical Officer
    • ", + "
  • applying to extend your stay on the Doctorate Extension Scheme - you must currently have permission to be in the UK on a Student visa (or a Tier 4 (General) student visa) and your course must lead to a PhD
    • ", + "

    Postgraduate doctors and dentists

    ", + "

    You can apply for this visa if you\u2019re sponsored to do a recognised foundation programme and you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • finished a recognised UK degree in medicine or dentistry
    • ", + "
  • received that degree from a registered student sponsor
    • ", + "
  • spent your final year and at least 1 other year of studies leading to that degree in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve offered you a place on the course, your education provider will send you a reference number called a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies.

    ", + "

    You must enter this reference number on your visa application.

    ", + "

    You must apply for your visa within 6 months of receiving your CAS.

    ", + "

    Money you need

    ", + "

    You must have enough money to pay for your course and support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    How much money you need depends on your circumstances and what you\u2019re applying for.

    ", + "

    Course fee

    ", + "

    You need enough money to pay for your course for 1 academic year (up to 9 months). The amount you need to pay will be on your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months, you do not need to prove you have this money for your visa application.

    ", + "

    Money to support yourself (\u2018financial requirement\u2019)

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show you have enough money to support yourself - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months on the date of your application.

    ", + "

    How much money you need depends on where you will be studying. You\u2019ll need either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,334 per month (for up to 9 months) for courses in London
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,023 per month (for up to 9 months) for courses outside London
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for the Doctorate Extension Scheme, and you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 12 months, you need to prove you have a total of \u00a32,668 for courses in London, or a total of \u00a32,046 for courses outside London.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re boarding at a residential independent school, you\u2019ll need to pay boarding fees instead. The amount you need to pay will be on your CAS.

    ", + "

    London means the City of London and the 32 London boroughs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove you have extra money for each family member you bring with you.

    ", + "

    You must have this money for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28-day period must be within 31 days of the date you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    If you have a student loan or financial sponsorship, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of this from your loan or sponsorship company.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on finances for student applications for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to prove you have money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove the financial requirement if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a UK visa for 12 months prior to the date of your Student visa application - you must currently be in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a student union sabbatical officer
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a postgraduate doctor or dentist on a recognised foundation programme
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re from a country listed under the \u2018differential evidence requirement\u2019

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove you have enough money to support yourself if you\u2019re a British national overseas or from one of the following countries or territories:

    ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • Austria
    • ", + "
  • Bahrain
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belgium
    • ", + "
  • Botswana
    • ", + "
  • Brazil
    • ", + "
  • Brunei
    • ", + "
  • Bulgaria
    • ", + "
  • Cambodia
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Chile
    • ", + "
  • China
    • ", + "
  • Croatia
    • ", + "
  • Republic of Cyprus
    • ", + "
  • Czech Republic
    • ", + "
  • Denmark
    • ", + "
  • The Dominican Republic
    • ", + "
  • Estonia
    • ", + "
  • Finland
    • ", + "
  • France
    • ", + "
  • Germany
    • ", + "
  • Greece
    • ", + "
  • Hong Kong
    • ", + "
  • Hungary
    • ", + "
  • Iceland
    • ", + "
  • Indonesia
    • ", + "
  • Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Italy
    • ", + "
  • Japan
    • ", + "
  • Kazakhstan
    • ", + "
  • Kuwait
    • ", + "
  • Latvia
    • ", + "
  • Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • Lithuania
    • ", + "
  • Luxembourg
    • ", + "
  • Macao
    • ", + "
  • Malaysia
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • Mauritius
    • ", + "
  • Mexico
    • ", + "
  • Netherlands
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Oman
    • ", + "
  • Peru
    • ", + "
  • Poland
    • ", + "
  • Portugal
    • ", + "
  • Qatar
    • ", + "
  • Romania
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Singapore
    • ", + "
  • Slovakia
    • ", + "
  • Slovenia
    • ", + "
  • South Korea
    • ", + "
  • Spain
    • ", + "
  • Sweden
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • Taiwan
    • ", + "
  • Thailand
    • ", + "
  • Tunisia
    • ", + "
  • United Arab Emirates
    • ", + "
  • United States of America
    • ", + "

    However, you might be asked to provide this evidence before you get a decision on your application.

    ", + "

    If you do need to provide it, you\u2019ll be contacted by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) after you\u2019ve submitted your application.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on finances for student applications for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You must prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by:

    ", + "
  • passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider
    • ", + "
  • having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English, gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18
    • ", + "

    Level of English

    ", + "

    You must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to a certain level on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.

    ", + "What you\u2019re studying | Level", + "Degree level or above | Equivalent to CEFR level B2", + "Below degree level | CEFR level B1", + "

    If you\u2019re studying with a Higher Education Provider

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re studying at degree level or above, your Higher Education Provider (HEP) can assess your level of English themselves. This means they may ask you to do a different test.

    ", + "

    This must still be equivalent to a CEFR level B2.

    ", + "

    Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019ve completed a qualification equivalent to a UK degree in one of the following countries, or are from one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • UK
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    You also do not need to prove your knowledge of English if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a national of Canada
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying to come to the UK for a study abroad programme as part of a university degree course in the USA
    • ", + "
  • you proved your level of English in a previous visa application
    • ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply for your Student visa you must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel documentation
    • ", + "
  • a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS) from your course provider
    • ", + "

    You may also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • proof you have enough money to support yourself and pay for your course - this will vary depending on your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your course and nationality require it
    • ", + "
  • proof of parental or other legal guardian consent if you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship to your parent or guardian if you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results
    • ", + "
  • written consent for your application from your financial sponsor if you\u2019ve received sponsorship for your course fees and living costs in the last 12 months
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances. Read the guidance for the full list of documents you\u2019ll need to provide.

    ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you need to give your biometric information (fingerprints and a photograph) at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18 you\u2019ll need written consent from both parents or legal guardians (or one parent if they have sole responsibility).

    ", + "

    This must include their consent for:

    ", + "
  • your visa application
    • ", + "
  • your living and care arrangements in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your travel to the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide a copy of your birth certificate (or another government issued document) that shows the names of your parents.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Student visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a visa application centre
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you need to give your biometric information at a visa application centre, you may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply inside the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to:

    ", + "
  • extend your Student visa
    • ", + "
  • switch to a Student visa from another type of visa
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    After you get a decision

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a visa application centre
    • ", + "
  • a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app
    • ", + "

    Find out what happens after you get your decision.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children

    ", + "

    Your partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019) may be able to apply to come to the UK or stay longer in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a full-time student on a postgraduate level course (RQF level 7 or above) that lasts 9 months or longer
    • ", + "
  • a new government-sponsored student on a course that lasts longer than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • a Doctorate Extension Scheme student
    • ", + "

    Your relationship

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is one of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • your unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • your child under 18 years old - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply, for example:

    ", + "
  • a marriage or civil partnership certificate for your partner
    • ", + "
  • a birth certificate for your child
    • ", + "

    Find out what other documents you can use to prove your relationship.

    ", + "

    If your child is 16 or 17

    ", + "

    If your child is 16 or 17 on the date you apply you\u2019ll need to prove they are not living an independent life, for example they\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove:

    ", + "
  • where they live - if they do not live with you, you\u2019ll need to explain why
    • ", + "
  • any rent or upkeep they pay you each month
    • ", + "
  • that you support them financially if they do not live with you
    • ", + "

    If your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:

    ", + "
  • a bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bills
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from their university or college
    • ", + "

    Money they need to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner and child must each have a certain amount of money available to them. This is in addition to the money you must have to support yourself.

    ", + "

    How much money they need depends on where you will be studying. They must have either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3845 a month (for up to 9 months) for courses in London
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3680 a month (for up to 9 months) for courses outside London
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying at the same time as your partner or child (you\u2019re applying together as a family), you\u2019ll need to prove you have both money to pay for your course and to support yourself and additional money for each of them.

    ", + "

    If your partner or child is applying at a different time to you (they\u2019re applying separately) they only need to prove they have money to support themselves.

    ", + "

    You (or your partner or child) must have this money for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28 day period must be within 31 days of the date they apply for their visa.

    ", + "

    If you have a student loan or financial sponsorship, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of this from your loan or sponsorship company. If your loan does not cover your partner or child, you\u2019ll need to prove you have money to support them instead.

    ", + "

    When they do not need to prove they have money to support themselves

    ", + "

    Your partner or child does not need to prove they have this money if they\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months.

    ", + "

    If you and your partner or child are from a country listed under the \u2018differential evidence requirement\u2019 and you\u2019re applying at the same time, they do not need to prove they have money to support themselves.

    ", + "

    However, they might be asked to provide this evidence before they get a decision on their application.

    ", + "

    If they do need to provide it, they\u2019ll be contacted by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) after they\u2019ve submitted their application.

    ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner and children must either:

    ", + "
  • apply online as your partner
    • ", + "
  • apply online as your child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you get it when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, they\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit).

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll have to collect their biometric residence permit within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.

    ", + "

    How long they can stay

    ", + "

    If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    Apply inside the UK to extend or switch

    ", + "

    Apply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you extend or switch your own visa.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date - this must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Your partner or child cannot apply to switch in the UK if they have one of the following visas:

    ", + "
  • a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Each person will need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3475 for the visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much they\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "

    They may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Your partner and child must apply online. They must either:

    ", + "
  • apply as a partner
    • ", + "
  • apply as a child
    • ", + "

    They\u2019ll need your application number - you get it when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    As part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    They must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.

    ", + "

    Getting a faster decision

    ", + "

    They may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.

    ", + "

    Children born in the UK

    ", + "

    Apply online for any children you have while in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to extend your Student visa to stay longer and continue your course or study a new course. This includes if you currently have a Tier 4 (General) student visa.

    ", + "

    To extend your visa you must:

    ", + "
  • be in the UK on a Student visa or a Tier 4 (General) student visa
    • ", + "
  • have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed student sponsor - shown by your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)
    • ", + "
  • show that your studies are at a higher academic level than your current course (called the \u2018academic progress requirement\u2019) - there are some exceptions
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for less than 12 months, you\u2019ll need to prove you have enough money to support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your dependants\u2019 visas at the same time as you extend your own visa. If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can extend their visas at a later date - this must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    Showing academic progress

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re currently studying in the UK, you\u2019ll usually need to show your studies will be at a higher academic level than your current course.

    ", + "

    Your new course must be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • at a higher academic level than your current course
    • ", + "
  • at the same level and related to your previous course or career aspirations - it must be degree level or above at a Higher Education Provider (HEP)
    • ", + "
  • intercalated to a medicine, dentistry or medical science course you started studying under your Student visa (including a Tier 4 (General) student visa)
    • ", + "

    You do not need to show your studies are at a higher level if you\u2019re doing one of the following:

    ", + "
  • resitting exams or repeating modules
    • ", + "
  • applying for the first time to a new institution to complete a course you started at an institution that lost its student sponsorship licence
    • ", + "
  • applying after working as a student union sabbatical officer to complete a qualification you started studying under your last Student visa (including a Tier 4 (General) student visa)
    • ", + "
  • completing a PhD or other doctorate that you started studying under your last Student visa (including a Tier 4 (General) student visa)
    • ", + "
  • continuing your medical, dentistry or medical science degree after completing an intercalated course
    • ", + "
  • applying to extend your stay to complete your studies because you\u2019ve done (or want to do) a work placement or study abroad programme
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance for more information about when you need to prove your studies are at a higher level.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to work in the UK

    ", + "

    You can get a CAS if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • applying to work as a student union sabbatical officer
    • ", + "
  • applying to stay in the UK to look for work after you\u2019ve finished your PhD or doctorate - the \u2018Doctorate Extension Scheme\u2019 (DES)
    • ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin with 28 days of your current visa expiring.

    ", + "

    For example, if your visa expires on 1 December, you must apply for a new visa before 1 December. Your new course must begin by 29 December.

    ", + "

    You must also apply within 6 months of getting a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    For each person, you\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3475 to extend this visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    A decision will usually be made within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a UKVCAS centre
    • ", + "
  • a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app
    • ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to switch to a Student visa if you already have permission to be in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot switch to this visa if you have one of the following visas:

    ", + "
  • a visit visa
    • ", + "
  • a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • a Parent of a Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • a seasonal worker visa
    • ", + "
  • a domestic worker in a private household visa
    • ", + "
  • leave outside the immigration rules
    • ", + "

    If you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme, you do not need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To switch to a Student visa you must:

    ", + "
  • be in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed student sponsor - shown by your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for less than 12 months, you\u2019ll need to prove you have enough money to support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch your dependants\u2019 visas at the same time as you switch your own visa. If you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can switch their visas at a later date - this must be before their current visa expires.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin with 28 days of your current visa expiring.

    ", + "

    For example, if your visa expires on 1 December, you must apply for a new visa before 1 December. Your new course must begin by 29 December.

    ", + "

    You must also apply within 6 months of getting a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    For each person, you\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3475 to extend this visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    A decision will usually be made within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a UKVCAS centre
    • ", + "
  • a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/child-study-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-study-visa", + "title": "Child Student visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Child Student visa if you\u2019re between 4 and 17 years old and you want to study at an independent school in the UK.\n\nYou must:\n\n- have an unconditional offer of a place on a course at an independent school\n\n- be able to show you\u2019ll have access to enough money to support you in the UK and pay for your course\n\n- have the consent of your parent or guardian to study in the UK - you\u2019ll need to prove this when you apply\n\nIf you\u2019re 18 or over, apply for a Student visa instead.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 4 (Child) student visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme. The deadline is 30 June 2021.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## When to apply\n\nWhen you can apply depends on whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## Applying from outside the UK\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 6 months before you start your course.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\n## Applying from inside the UK\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.\n\nYou must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin within 28 days of your current visa expiring.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nHow long you can stay depends on your age on the date you apply and the length of your course.\n\n| Age when you apply | How long you can stay |\n\n| Under 16 | Course length (up to 6 years) plus 4 months afterwards |\n\n| 16 or 17 | Course length (up to 3 years) plus 4 months afterwards |\n\n## When you can travel to the UK\n\nYou can arrive in the UK up to 1 month before your course starts.\n\n## Staying longer in the UK\n\nYou may be able to:\n\n- extend your visa if you\u2019re eligible, for example to continue your studies in the UK\n\n- switch to a Child Student visa from another visa if you\u2019re already in the UK\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a3348 to apply for a Child Student visa from outside the UK\n\n- \u00a3475 to extend or switch to a Child Student visa from inside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can study at an independent school.\n\nIf you\u2019re 16 or over you can work:\n\n- part-time during term for up to 10 hours per week\n\n- full-time during vacations\n\n- on a work placement as part of your course (but not for more than 50% of your course)\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- study at an academy or a local authority-funded school (also known as a maintained school) or further or higher education institution\n\n- get public funds (benefits)\n\n- take a full-time permanent job or be self-employed\n\n- work as a professional sportsperson (for example a sports coach) or entertainer\n\n- apply for settlement\n\n- bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) - if a parent wants to accompany you, they\u2019ll need to apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa visa\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Child Student visa.\n\n## Your course\n\nYou must have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed Child Student sponsor.\n\nTo prove this, your education provider will send you a reference number (called a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)) once they\u2019ve offered you a place on the course. You need a CAS before you can apply for your visa.\n\n## Courses you can study\n\nYou can do a course at an independent school that\u2019s taught in line with one of the following:\n\n- the national curriculum\n\n- the Regulated Qualifications Framework (RQF) at level 3 or below\n\n- independent school education inspection standards\n\nYou can also do a course that\u2019s accepted as being at the same academic level by:\n\n- Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted)\n\n- Education Scotland\n\n- Estyn (in Wales)\n\n- Education and Training Inspectorate (in Northern Ireland)\n\nYou can do a short \u2018pre-sessional\u2019 course to prepare you for your main course.\n\nYou cannot do a foundation course that will prepare you for direct entry to a higher education institution.\n\n## Your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)\n\nOnce your education provider has offered you a place on a course, they\u2019ll send you a reference number called a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).\n\nYou\u2019ll need to enter this reference number on your visa application.\n\nYour CAS can cover both the pre-sessional course and your main course of study.\n\nYou must apply for your visa within 6 months of receiving your CAS.\n\n## Money you need\n\nYou must have enough money available to you to pay for your course and support you in the UK.\n\nHow much money you need depends on where you will live and who will be looking after you.\n\n## If you\u2019ll live with your parent or guardian\n\nYour parent must have a Parent of a Child Student visa to accompany you to the UK. If you\u2019re over 12 your parent will not be eligible, unless you have a younger sibling who\u2019s under 12 and also has a Child Student visa.\n\nYou must have enough money to pay for your course fees for one academic year (up to 9 months).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need \u00a31,560 per month (for up to 9 months) - this amount is for both you and your parent.\n\nYour parent will need an extra \u00a3625 a month (for up to 9 months) for each additional child they accompany to the UK. The child must be your sibling and must also have a Child Student visa.\n\n## If you\u2019re boarding at an independent school\n\nYou must have enough money to pay for your course fees and your boarding fees for one academic year (up to 9 months).\n\n## If you\u2019ll live with a foster carer or close relative\n\nYou must have enough money to pay for your course fees for one academic year (up to 9 months).\n\nYour foster carer or close relative must confirm they have at least \u00a3570 per month (for up to 9 months).\n\nYour foster carer or close relative must be a British citizen or be settled (have \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) in the UK. They cannot be your parent.\n\n## If you\u2019re 16 or 17 and living independently\n\nYou must have enough money to pay for your course fees for one academic year (up to 9 months).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need either:\n\n- \u00a31,334 per month (for up to 9 months) if you\u2019re studying in London\n\n- \u00a31,023 per month (for up to 9 months) if you\u2019re studying outside of London\n\nLondon means the City of London and the 32 London boroughs.\n\nRead the guidance to find out how much money you need and how to prove it.\n\nYou must prove you (or your parent) have the money for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28-day period must be within 31 days of the date you apply for your visa.\n\nIf you have a student loan or financial sponsorship, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of this from your loan or sponsorship company.\n\n## When you do not need to prove you have money to support yourself\n\nYou do not need to prove you have money to support yourself if you\u2019ve had a valid UK visa for at least 12 months immediately prior to the date of your Child Student visa application - you must currently be in the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from a country listed under the \u2018differential evidence requirement\u2019\n\nYou do not need to prove you have enough money to support yourself if you\u2019re a British national overseas or from one of the following countries or territories:\n\n- Australia\n\n- Austria\n\n- Bahrain\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belgium\n\n- Botswana\n\n- Brazil\n\n- Brunei\n\n- Bulgaria\n\n- Cambodia\n\n- Canada\n\n- Chile\n\n- China\n\n- Croatia\n\n- Republic of Cyprus\n\n- Czech Republic\n\n- Denmark\n\n- The Dominican Republic\n\n- Estonia\n\n- Finland\n\n- France\n\n- Germany\n\n- Greece\n\n- Hong Kong\n\n- Hungary\n\n- Iceland\n\n- Indonesia\n\n- Ireland\n\n- Italy\n\n- Japan\n\n- Kazakhstan\n\n- Kuwait\n\n- Latvia\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Lithuania\n\n- Luxembourg\n\n- Macao\n\n- Malaysia\n\n- Malta\n\n- Mauritius\n\n- Mexico\n\n- Netherlands\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Norway\n\n- Oman\n\n- Peru\n\n- Poland\n\n- Portugal\n\n- Qatar\n\n- Romania\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Singapore\n\n- Slovakia\n\n- Slovenia\n\n- South Korea\n\n- Spain\n\n- Sweden\n\n- Switzerland\n\n- Taiwan\n\n- Thailand\n\n- Tunisia\n\n- United Arab Emirates\n\n- United States of America\n\nHowever, you might be asked to provide this evidence before you get a decision on your application.\n\nIf you do need to provide it, you\u2019ll be contacted by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) after you\u2019ve submitted your application.\n\nRead the guidance to find out how much money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply for your Child Student visa you must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel documentation\n\n- a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS) from your course provider\n\n- written consent from your parent or legal guardian for your study in the UK\n\nYou may also need to provide:\n\n- proof that you have enough money to support yourself and pay for your course - this will vary depending on your circumstances\n\n- proof of your relationship to your parent or guardian (for example a birth certificate or other government issued document showing their names)\n\n- evidence of the qualifications you used to get a place on your course - if this was required by your course provider\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results\n\n- written consent for your application from your financial sponsor if you\u2019ve received sponsorship for your course fees and living costs in the last 12 months\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances. Read the guidance for the full list of documents you\u2019ll need to provide.\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you need to give your biometric information (fingerprints and a photograph) at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this when you apply.\n\n## Parental consent\n\nYou must have written consent from both parents (or one parent if they have sole responsibility) or legal guardian. This must confirm they consent to:\n\n- your visa application\n\n- your living arrangements and care in the UK\n\n- your travel to the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re living with a close relative or foster carer, you\u2019ll need to provide additional evidence. Read the guidance for the full list of documents you\u2019ll need to provide.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online for a Child Student visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nIf you need to give your biometric information at a visa application centre, you may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply inside the UK\n\nYou may be able to apply to:\n\n- extend your Child Student visa\n\n- switch to a Child Student visa from another type of visa\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview (if you\u2019re 16 or 17)\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:\n\n- a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a visa application centre\n\n- a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou may be able to apply to extend your Child Student visa to stay longer in the UK. This includes if you currently have a Tier 4 (Child) student visa.\n\nTo extend your visa you must:\n\n- be in the UK on a Child Student visa (or a Tier 4 (Child) student visa)\n\n- have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed Child Student sponsor - shown by your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for less than 12 months, you\u2019ll need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.\n\n## When to apply\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.\n\nYou must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin with 28 days of your current visa expiring.\n\nFor example, if your visa expires on 1 December, you must apply for a new visa before 1 December. Your new course must begin by 29 December.\n\nYou must also apply within 6 months of getting a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you get your decision.\n\nIf you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.\n\n## Fees\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay:\n\n- \u00a3475 to extend this visa\n\n- the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay\n\nYou may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.\n\nHow you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nStart now\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nA decision will usually be made within 8 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview (if you\u2019re 16 or 17)\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## If your application is successful\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:\n\n- a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a UKVCAS centre\n\n- a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou may be able to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Child Student visa from another visa. You must be between 4 and 17 years old.\n\nYou cannot switch to a Child Student visa if you have one of the following:\n\n- a visitor visa\n\n- a short-term student visa\n\n- leave outside the immigration rules\n\nIf you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme, you do not need to apply for a visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo switch to a Child Student visa you must:\n\n- be in the UK\n\n- be between 4 and 17 years old\n\n- have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed Child Student sponsor - show by your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for less than 12 months, you\u2019ll need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.\n\n## When to apply\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.\n\nYou must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin with 28 days of your current visa expiring.\n\nFor example, if your visa expires on 1 December, you must apply for a new visa before 1 December. Your new course must begin by 29 December.\n\nYou must also apply within 6 months of getting a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you get your decision.\n\nIf you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.\n\n## Fees\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay:\n\n- \u00a3475 to switch to this visa\n\n- the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay\n\nYou may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.\n\nHow you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nStart now\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nA decision will usually be made within 8 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview (if you\u2019re 16 or 17)\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## If your application is successful\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:\n\n- a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a UKVCAS centre\n\n- a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Child Student visa if you\u2019re between 4 and 17 years old and you want to study at an independent school in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • have an unconditional offer of a place on a course at an independent school
    • ", + "
  • be able to show you\u2019ll have access to enough money to support you in the UK and pay for your course
    • ", + "
  • have the consent of your parent or guardian to study in the UK - you\u2019ll need to prove this when you apply
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re 18 or over, apply for a Student visa instead.

    ", + "

    This visa has replaced the Tier 4 (Child) student visa.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme. The deadline is 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to study in the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    When you can apply depends on whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Applying from outside the UK

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply for a visa is 6 months before you start your course.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    Applying from inside the UK

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin within 28 days of your current visa expiring.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    How long you can stay depends on your age on the date you apply and the length of your course.

    ", + "Age when you apply | How long you can stay", + "Under 16 | Course length (up to 6 years) plus 4 months afterwards", + "16 or 17 | Course length (up to 3 years) plus 4 months afterwards", + "

    When you can travel to the UK

    ", + "

    You can arrive in the UK up to 1 month before your course starts.

    ", + "

    Staying longer in the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to:

    ", + "
  • extend your visa if you\u2019re eligible, for example to continue your studies in the UK
    • ", + "
  • switch to a Child Student visa from another visa if you\u2019re already in the UK
    • ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3348 to apply for a Child Student visa from outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3475 to extend or switch to a Child Student visa from inside the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    What you can and cannot do

    ", + "

    You can study at an independent school.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 16 or over you can work:

    ", + "
  • part-time during term for up to 10 hours per week
    • ", + "
  • full-time during vacations
    • ", + "
  • on a work placement as part of your course (but not for more than 50% of your course)
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • study at an academy or a local authority-funded school (also known as a maintained school) or further or higher education institution
    • ", + "
  • get public funds (benefits)
    • ", + "
  • take a full-time permanent job or be self-employed
    • ", + "
  • work as a professional sportsperson (for example a sports coach) or entertainer
    • ", + "
  • apply for settlement
    • ", + "
  • bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) - if a parent wants to accompany you, they\u2019ll need to apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa visa
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Child Student visa.

    ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    You must have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed Child Student sponsor.

    ", + "

    To prove this, your education provider will send you a reference number (called a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)) once they\u2019ve offered you a place on the course. You need a CAS before you can apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    Courses you can study

    ", + "

    You can do a course at an independent school that\u2019s taught in line with one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the national curriculum
    • ", + "
  • the Regulated Qualifications Framework (RQF) at level 3 or below
    • ", + "
  • independent school education inspection standards
    • ", + "

    You can also do a course that\u2019s accepted as being at the same academic level by:

    ", + "
  • Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted)
    • ", + "
  • Education Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Estyn (in Wales)
    • ", + "
  • Education and Training Inspectorate (in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    You can do a short \u2018pre-sessional\u2019 course to prepare you for your main course.

    ", + "

    You cannot do a foundation course that will prepare you for direct entry to a higher education institution.

    ", + "

    Your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)

    ", + "

    Once your education provider has offered you a place on a course, they\u2019ll send you a reference number called a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to enter this reference number on your visa application.

    ", + "

    Your CAS can cover both the pre-sessional course and your main course of study.

    ", + "

    You must apply for your visa within 6 months of receiving your CAS.

    ", + "

    Money you need

    ", + "

    You must have enough money available to you to pay for your course and support you in the UK.

    ", + "

    How much money you need depends on where you will live and who will be looking after you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll live with your parent or guardian

    ", + "

    Your parent must have a Parent of a Child Student visa to accompany you to the UK. If you\u2019re over 12 your parent will not be eligible, unless you have a younger sibling who\u2019s under 12 and also has a Child Student visa.

    ", + "

    You must have enough money to pay for your course fees for one academic year (up to 9 months).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need \u00a31,560 per month (for up to 9 months) - this amount is for both you and your parent.

    ", + "

    Your parent will need an extra \u00a3625 a month (for up to 9 months) for each additional child they accompany to the UK. The child must be your sibling and must also have a Child Student visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re boarding at an independent school

    ", + "

    You must have enough money to pay for your course fees and your boarding fees for one academic year (up to 9 months).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll live with a foster carer or close relative

    ", + "

    You must have enough money to pay for your course fees for one academic year (up to 9 months).

    ", + "

    Your foster carer or close relative must confirm they have at least \u00a3570 per month (for up to 9 months).

    ", + "

    Your foster carer or close relative must be a British citizen or be settled (have \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) in the UK. They cannot be your parent.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 16 or 17 and living independently

    ", + "

    You must have enough money to pay for your course fees for one academic year (up to 9 months).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,334 per month (for up to 9 months) if you\u2019re studying in London
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,023 per month (for up to 9 months) if you\u2019re studying outside of London
    • ", + "

    London means the City of London and the 32 London boroughs.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to find out how much money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    You must prove you (or your parent) have the money for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28-day period must be within 31 days of the date you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    If you have a student loan or financial sponsorship, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of this from your loan or sponsorship company.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to prove you have money to support yourself

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove you have money to support yourself if you\u2019ve had a valid UK visa for at least 12 months immediately prior to the date of your Child Student visa application - you must currently be in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from a country listed under the \u2018differential evidence requirement\u2019

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove you have enough money to support yourself if you\u2019re a British national overseas or from one of the following countries or territories:

    ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • Austria
    • ", + "
  • Bahrain
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belgium
    • ", + "
  • Botswana
    • ", + "
  • Brazil
    • ", + "
  • Brunei
    • ", + "
  • Bulgaria
    • ", + "
  • Cambodia
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Chile
    • ", + "
  • China
    • ", + "
  • Croatia
    • ", + "
  • Republic of Cyprus
    • ", + "
  • Czech Republic
    • ", + "
  • Denmark
    • ", + "
  • The Dominican Republic
    • ", + "
  • Estonia
    • ", + "
  • Finland
    • ", + "
  • France
    • ", + "
  • Germany
    • ", + "
  • Greece
    • ", + "
  • Hong Kong
    • ", + "
  • Hungary
    • ", + "
  • Iceland
    • ", + "
  • Indonesia
    • ", + "
  • Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Italy
    • ", + "
  • Japan
    • ", + "
  • Kazakhstan
    • ", + "
  • Kuwait
    • ", + "
  • Latvia
    • ", + "
  • Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • Lithuania
    • ", + "
  • Luxembourg
    • ", + "
  • Macao
    • ", + "
  • Malaysia
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • Mauritius
    • ", + "
  • Mexico
    • ", + "
  • Netherlands
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Norway
    • ", + "
  • Oman
    • ", + "
  • Peru
    • ", + "
  • Poland
    • ", + "
  • Portugal
    • ", + "
  • Qatar
    • ", + "
  • Romania
    • ", + "
  • Serbia
    • ", + "
  • Singapore
    • ", + "
  • Slovakia
    • ", + "
  • Slovenia
    • ", + "
  • South Korea
    • ", + "
  • Spain
    • ", + "
  • Sweden
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • Taiwan
    • ", + "
  • Thailand
    • ", + "
  • Tunisia
    • ", + "
  • United Arab Emirates
    • ", + "
  • United States of America
    • ", + "

    However, you might be asked to provide this evidence before you get a decision on your application.

    ", + "

    If you do need to provide it, you\u2019ll be contacted by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) after you\u2019ve submitted your application.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to find out how much money you need and how to prove it.

    ", + "

    Documents you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    When you apply for your Child Student visa you must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel documentation
    • ", + "
  • a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS) from your course provider
    • ", + "
  • written consent from your parent or legal guardian for your study in the UK
    • ", + "

    You may also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • proof that you have enough money to support yourself and pay for your course - this will vary depending on your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship to your parent or guardian (for example a birth certificate or other government issued document showing their names)
    • ", + "
  • evidence of the qualifications you used to get a place on your course - if this was required by your course provider
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results
    • ", + "
  • written consent for your application from your financial sponsor if you\u2019ve received sponsorship for your course fees and living costs in the last 12 months
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances. Read the guidance for the full list of documents you\u2019ll need to provide.

    ", + "

    You need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you need to give your biometric information (fingerprints and a photograph) at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this when you apply.

    ", + "

    Parental consent

    ", + "

    You must have written consent from both parents (or one parent if they have sole responsibility) or legal guardian. This must confirm they consent to:

    ", + "
  • your visa application
    • ", + "
  • your living arrangements and care in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your travel to the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re living with a close relative or foster carer, you\u2019ll need to provide additional evidence. Read the guidance for the full list of documents you\u2019ll need to provide.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online for a Child Student visa.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    As part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you need to give your biometric information at a visa application centre, you may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply inside the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to:

    ", + "
  • extend your Child Student visa
    • ", + "
  • switch to a Child Student visa from another type of visa
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview (if you\u2019re 16 or 17)
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    After you get a decision

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a visa application centre
    • ", + "
  • a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app
    • ", + "

    Find out what happens after you get your decision.

    ", + "

    Extend your visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to extend your Child Student visa to stay longer in the UK. This includes if you currently have a Tier 4 (Child) student visa.

    ", + "

    To extend your visa you must:

    ", + "
  • be in the UK on a Child Student visa (or a Tier 4 (Child) student visa)
    • ", + "
  • have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed Child Student sponsor - shown by your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for less than 12 months, you\u2019ll need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin with 28 days of your current visa expiring.

    ", + "

    For example, if your visa expires on 1 December, you must apply for a new visa before 1 December. Your new course must begin by 29 December.

    ", + "

    You must also apply within 6 months of getting a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3475 to extend this visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    A decision will usually be made within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview (if you\u2019re 16 or 17)
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a UKVCAS centre
    • ", + "
  • a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app
    • ", + "

    Switch to this visa

    ", + "

    You may be able to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Child Student visa from another visa. You must be between 4 and 17 years old.

    ", + "

    You cannot switch to a Child Student visa if you have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a visitor visa
    • ", + "
  • a short-term student visa
    • ", + "
  • leave outside the immigration rules
    • ", + "

    If you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme, you do not need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To switch to a Child Student visa you must:

    ", + "
  • be in the UK
    • ", + "
  • be between 4 and 17 years old
    • ", + "
  • have an unconditional offer of a place on a course with a licensed Child Student sponsor - show by your Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for less than 12 months, you\u2019ll need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply is 3 months before your course starts.

    ", + "

    You must apply before your current visa expires. Your new course must begin with 28 days of your current visa expiring.

    ", + "

    For example, if your visa expires on 1 December, you must apply for a new visa before 1 December. Your new course must begin by 29 December.

    ", + "

    You must also apply within 6 months of getting a Confirmation of Acceptance for Studies (CAS).

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK until you get your decision.

    ", + "

    If you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3475 to switch to this visa
    • ", + "
  • the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    As part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either:

    ", + "
  • give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point
    • ", + "
  • use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration account)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    A decision will usually be made within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend an interview (if you\u2019re 16 or 17)
    • ", + "
  • of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)
    • ", + "

    If you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).

    ", + "

    You can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a biometric residence permit - if you gave your biometric information at a UKVCAS centre
    • ", + "
  • a digital immigration status which you can view and prove online - if you used the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/visa-to-study-english": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/visa-to-study-english", + "title": "Study English in the UK (Short-term study visa)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Short-term study visa to study English language in the UK.\n\nThis visa is for English language courses lasting longer than 6 months and up to 11 months.\n\nIf your course is different to this, check which visa you need.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise, you\u2019ll need to apply for a visa to study for longer than 6 months in the UK. The earliest date your visa will start from is 1 January 2021.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for the length of your course plus an extra 30 days as long as your stay is no longer than 11 months.\n\n## Fees and costs\n\nIt costs \u00a3186 for a Short-term study visa.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online application. It usually costs \u00a3470.\n\nThis is so you can use the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll need to pay before you apply.\n\n## What you cannot do\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- study on any other course or change your course while in the UK\n\n- study at a state-funded school\n\n- work or carry out any business (this includes paid or unpaid work, work experience or work placements)\n\n- extend this visa\n\n- bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you on this visa\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds) or the State Pension\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou must be 16 or older to apply.\n\nYou must prove that:\n\n- you\u2019ve been accepted onto an English language course that lasts 11 months or less and includes no other subjects\n\n- your course is with an accredited institution\n\n- you have enough money to support yourself without working or help from public funds, or that relatives and friends can support and house you\n\n- you can pay for your return or onward journey\n\nIf you\u2019re under 18 you must also:\n\n- have made arrangements for your travel and stay in the UK\n\n- have the consent of your parent or guardian to study in the UK\n\n## Your course\n\nYour English language course must be with an \u2018accredited institution\u2019.\n\nThis can be either:\n\n- an accredited UK institution\n\n- an eligible overseas provider, if you\u2019re studying in the UK as part of an overseas course\n\n## Accredited UK institutions\n\nAn accredited institution must either have a student sponsor licence or have a valid accreditation and be listed by one of the following:\n\n- Accreditation Body for Language Services\n\n- Accreditation Service for International Colleges\n\n- Accreditation UK\n\n- British Accreditation Council\n\n- Education and Training Inspectorate (in Northern Ireland)\n\n- Estyn (in Wales)\n\n- Education Scotland\n\n- Independent Schools Inspectorate\n\n- Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted)\n\n- Office for Students\n\n- Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education\n\n## Eligible overseas providers\n\nYou can also apply for a Short-term study visa if you\u2019re studying at an overseas higher education institution and part of your English language course is in the UK.\n\nYour institution must:\n\n- hold its own national accreditation\n\n- offer no more than half of its educational programme in the UK\n\n- offer programmes that are equivalent to a UK degree\n\n## Documents you'll need\n\nWhen you apply you must provide:\n\n- a current passport (with a blank page for your visa) or other valid travel document\n\n- evidence that you can support yourself during your trip, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months\n\n- details of where you intend to stay and your travel plans - you should not pay for accommodation or travel until you get your visa\n\n- evidence that you\u2019ve paid your course fees or have enough money to pay them\n\nYou also need to provide:\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results, if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test\n\n- contact details for at least one parent or guardian in your home country, if you\u2019re under 18 years old\n\n- a certified translation if any documents are not in English or Welsh\n\n## Documents about your course\n\nYou must provide written proof of the course you\u2019re studying. For example, a letter of acceptance from the educational institution stating the course\u2019s name, duration and cost (including accommodation).\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances, such as evidence of your:\n\n- permission to be in the country you\u2019re applying from (if you\u2019re not a national)\n\n- financial sponsor\u2019s occupation, income, savings or funds that will support your studies\n\n## If you\u2019re under 18\n\nIf you\u2019re under 18 you need to provide additional documents if:\n\n- you\u2019re travelling on your own\n\n- you\u2019re travelling with someone who is not your parent or guardian\n\n## Travelling on your own\n\nYou can travel to the UK without an adult (someone 18 or older).\n\nYou must have written consent from both parents (or one parent if they have sole responsibility) or your legal guardian. This must confirm they consent to:\n\n- your visa application\n\n- your living arrangements and care in the UK\n\n- your travel to the UK\n\nThey also need to provide proof that you have somewhere suitable to live during your stay in the UK, including:\n\n- the name and date of birth of the person that you will be staying with\n\n- an address where you will be living\n\n- details of your relationship to the person who\u2019ll be looking after you\n\n- consent in writing so they can look after you during your stay in the UK\n\nYour parent, guardian or school must tell the relevant local authority about your visit if either of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re under 18 and have a disability\n\n- you\u2019re going to be looked after for more than 28 days by someone who is not a close relative (called \u2018private foster care\u2019)\n\nYou should provide a reply from the local authority if you have one.\n\n## Travelling with an adult\n\nIf you travel to the UK with an adult (someone 18 or older), you need to identify them in your visa application.\n\nTheir name will appear on your visa, and you\u2019ll be refused entry to the UK if you arrive in the UK without them.\n\nYou can identify up to 2 adults in your visa application, and your visa will only be valid if you travel with at least one of them.\n\nThe adult can apply for a visa at the same time, but you must each complete separate applications.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online before you come to the UK. The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel to the UK.\n\nAs part of your online application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to provide your documents and prove your identity.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nBefore you start, check what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter containing the result of your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Short-term study visa to study English language in the UK.

    ", + "

    This visa is for English language courses lasting longer than 6 months and up to 11 months.

    ", + "

    If your course is different to this, check which visa you need.

    ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    If you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, you\u2019ll need to apply for a visa to study for longer than 6 months in the UK. The earliest date your visa will start from is 1 January 2021.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for the length of your course plus an extra 30 days as long as your stay is no longer than 11 months.

    ", + "

    Fees and costs

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a3186 for a Short-term study visa.

    ", + "

    Healthcare surcharge

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online application. It usually costs \u00a3470.

    ", + "

    This is so you can use the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK.

    ", + "

    Check how much you\u2019ll need to pay before you apply.

    ", + "

    What you cannot do

    ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • study on any other course or change your course while in the UK
    • ", + "
  • study at a state-funded school
    • ", + "
  • work or carry out any business (this includes paid or unpaid work, work experience or work placements)
    • ", + "
  • extend this visa
    • ", + "
  • bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you on this visa
    • ", + "
  • apply for most benefits (public funds) or the State Pension
    • ", + "

    Who can apply

    ", + "

    You must be 16 or older to apply.

    ", + "

    You must prove that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been accepted onto an English language course that lasts 11 months or less and includes no other subjects
    • ", + "
  • your course is with an accredited institution
    • ", + "
  • you have enough money to support yourself without working or help from public funds, or that relatives and friends can support and house you
    • ", + "
  • you can pay for your return or onward journey
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18 you must also:

    ", + "
  • have made arrangements for your travel and stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have the consent of your parent or guardian to study in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your course

    ", + "

    Your English language course must be with an \u2018accredited institution\u2019.

    ", + "

    This can be either:

    ", + "
  • an accredited UK institution
    • ", + "
  • an eligible overseas provider, if you\u2019re studying in the UK as part of an overseas course
    • ", + "

    Accredited UK institutions

    ", + "

    An accredited institution must either have a student sponsor licence or have a valid accreditation and be listed by one of the following:

    ", + "
  • Accreditation Body for Language Services
    • ", + "
  • Accreditation Service for International Colleges
    • ", + "
  • Accreditation UK
    • ", + "
  • British Accreditation Council
    • ", + "
  • Education and Training Inspectorate (in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "
  • Estyn (in Wales)
    • ", + "
  • Education Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Independent Schools Inspectorate
    • ", + "
  • Office for Standards in Education (Ofsted)
    • ", + "
  • Office for Students
    • ", + "
  • Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education
    • ", + "

    Eligible overseas providers

    ", + "

    You can also apply for a Short-term study visa if you\u2019re studying at an overseas higher education institution and part of your English language course is in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your institution must:

    ", + "
  • hold its own national accreditation
    • ", + "
  • offer no more than half of its educational programme in the UK
    • ", + "
  • offer programmes that are equivalent to a UK degree
    • ", + "

    Documents you'll need

    ", + "

    When you apply you must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport (with a blank page for your visa) or other valid travel document
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you can support yourself during your trip, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • details of where you intend to stay and your travel plans - you should not pay for accommodation or travel until you get your visa
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019ve paid your course fees or have enough money to pay them
    • ", + "

    You also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results, if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test
    • ", + "
  • contact details for at least one parent or guardian in your home country, if you\u2019re under 18 years old
    • ", + "
  • a certified translation if any documents are not in English or Welsh
    • ", + "

    Documents about your course

    ", + "

    You must provide written proof of the course you\u2019re studying. For example, a letter of acceptance from the educational institution stating the course\u2019s name, duration and cost (including accommodation).

    ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances, such as evidence of your:

    ", + "
  • permission to be in the country you\u2019re applying from (if you\u2019re not a national)
    • ", + "
  • financial sponsor\u2019s occupation, income, savings or funds that will support your studies
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18 you need to provide additional documents if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re travelling on your own
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re travelling with someone who is not your parent or guardian
    • ", + "

    Travelling on your own

    ", + "

    You can travel to the UK without an adult (someone 18 or older).

    ", + "

    You must have written consent from both parents (or one parent if they have sole responsibility) or your legal guardian. This must confirm they consent to:

    ", + "
  • your visa application
    • ", + "
  • your living arrangements and care in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your travel to the UK
    • ", + "

    They also need to provide proof that you have somewhere suitable to live during your stay in the UK, including:

    ", + "
  • the name and date of birth of the person that you will be staying with
    • ", + "
  • an address where you will be living
    • ", + "
  • details of your relationship to the person who\u2019ll be looking after you
    • ", + "
  • consent in writing so they can look after you during your stay in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your parent, guardian or school must tell the relevant local authority about your visit if either of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 18 and have a disability
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re going to be looked after for more than 28 days by someone who is not a close relative (called \u2018private foster care\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You should provide a reply from the local authority if you have one.

    ", + "

    Travelling with an adult

    ", + "

    If you travel to the UK with an adult (someone 18 or older), you need to identify them in your visa application.

    ", + "

    Their name will appear on your visa, and you\u2019ll be refused entry to the UK if you arrive in the UK without them.

    ", + "

    You can identify up to 2 adults in your visa application, and your visa will only be valid if you travel with at least one of them.

    ", + "

    The adult can apply for a visa at the same time, but you must each complete separate applications.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online before you come to the UK. The earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    As part of your online application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to provide your documents and prove your identity.

    ", + "

    Allow time to attend your appointment.

    ", + "

    The visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.

    ", + "

    How long it takes to get a decision

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.

    ", + "

    Apply online

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Before you start, check what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    You can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.

    ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter containing the result of your application. This will explain what you need to do next.

    ", + "

    Find out what happens after you get your decision.

    ", + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/uk-family-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-family-visa", + "title": "Family visas: apply, extend or switch", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou need a family visa to live with a family member in the UK for more than 6 months.\n\n## Applying from outside the UK\n\nYou can apply for a family visa to live with your:\n\n- spouse or partner\n\n- fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- child\n\n- parent\n\n- relative who\u2019ll provide long-term care for you\n\nIf you\u2019re visiting the UK for 6 months or less, check if you need a Standard Visitor visa or Marriage Visitor visa.\n\n## Extending your family visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay with your family member if you\u2019re already in the UK on a family visa.\n\nYou can extend at any time before your current permission to stay in the UK expires.\n\nIf you\u2019re extending to stay with the same family member, you\u2019ll only get up to 28 days left on your current stay added to your new visa.\n\nYou must live in the UK for a certain amount of time before you\u2019re eligible for settlement (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). Before you extend your visa, check how much time you need to settle in the UK.\n\nYou might be able to apply to stay on the basis of your private life if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for many years already.\n\n## Switching to a family visa\n\nIf you came to the UK on a different visa, you might be able to switch to a family visa to stay with your:\n\n- spouse or partner\n\n- child\n\n- parent\n\nYou can switch at any time before your current permission to stay in the UK expires.\n\n## If you do not meet the rules because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus, you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Fees\n\nHow much it costs depends on how you apply.\n\n| | Apply outside the UK | Apply in the UK |\n\n| Cost if joining your partner, parent or child | \u00a31,523 | \u00a31,033 |\n\n| Cost for each dependant added to your application | \u00a31,523 each person | \u00a31,033 each person |\n\n| Cost for an adult who needs to be looked after by a relative | \u00a33,250 | \u00a31,033 |\n\nLet your bank know that a large amount of money will be coming out of your account - otherwise it might cancel your payment.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou might also need to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from the UK, you may be able to pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a faster decision.\n\nYou cannot use the super priority service if you\u2019re applying as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIf you apply outside the UK a decision will usually be made within 12 weeks.\n\nIf you apply in the UK a decision will usually be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will usually be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nIt might take longer if your application is complex, for example you:\n\n- do not meet the minimum income requirement\n\n- cannot prove your knowledge of English\n\n- need to attend an interview\n\n- have not provided all the evidence that the Home Office needs\n\n- have a criminal conviction or another personal circumstance that needs to be reviewed\n\n## Other ways you can stay\n\n## You were the victim of domestic abuse or your partner died\n\nYou might be able to apply to settle in the UK if you had permission to stay in the UK as a partner when either:\n\n- you were the victim of domestic abuse\n\n- your partner died\n\n## Your family member has refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nYou might be able to apply for \u2018family reunion\u2019 to join a partner or parent who has either:\n\n- refugee status in the UK\n\n- humanitarian protection in the UK\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme. Otherwise you need a visa or family permit to come to the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## When you cannot get a family visa\n\nIn some circumstances you cannot apply for, or switch to, a family visa.\n\n## Your family member has a work visa or student visa\n\nYou cannot apply for a family visa if your family member is in the UK temporarily on a work visa or student visa.\n\nYou can apply to stay with them as a dependant instead.\n\n## You have a visitor visa or a visa for 6 months or less\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to leave the UK to apply for a family visa if either:\n\n- you have permission to be in the UK as a visitor\n\n- your visa is for 6 months or less\n\nHowever, you might be able to switch to a family visa in the UK if you have either:\n\n- a 6-month family visa as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- permission to stay in the UK for the outcome of a family court case or divorce\n\n## Apply as a partner or spouse\n\nTo apply as a partner, you and your partner both need to be 18 or over.\n\nYour partner must also either:\n\n- be a British or Irish citizen\n\n- have settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- have a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nYou and your partner must intend to live together permanently in the UK after you apply.\n\nIf your partner has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for a family permit.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need to prove\n\nYou must be able to prove one of the following:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n- you are a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner and will marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of arriving\n\nIf your wedding or civil ceremony has been delayed because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to request an extension or apply to extend your stay. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\nYou also need to prove you:\n\n- have a good knowledge of English\n\n- can financially support yourself and your dependants\n\nIf you do not meet these requirements you may still be able to apply for a visa or extend your permission to stay if:\n\n- you have a child in the UK who is a British or Irish citizen or has lived in the UK for 7 years and it would be unreasonable for them to leave the UK\n\n- there would be very significant difficulties for you and your partner if you lived together as a couple outside the UK that could not be overcome\n\n- it would breach your human rights to stop you coming to the UK or make you leave\n\n## If you\u2019re applying as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\nYou must prove that:\n\n- any previous marriages or civil partnerships have ended\n\n- you plan to marry or become civil partners within 6 months of arriving in the UK\n\nIf your wedding or civil ceremony has been delayed because of COVID-19, you might still be able to request an extension or apply to extend your stay. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\nYou will not be able to work during your engagement.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years and 9 months on this visa. If you\u2019re applying as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner, you can stay for 6 months.\n\nAfter this you\u2019ll need to apply to extend your stay.\n\n## If you extend or switch to this visa\n\nIf you extend your family visa or switch to this visa you can stay in the UK for 2 years and 6 months.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re in the UK or not.\n\n## Outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online from outside the UK.\n\n## In the UK\n\nYou must apply online in the UK.\n\n## If you cannot pay the fee\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Applying with your children\n\nYou can add children to your application as dependants if both of the following apply:\n\n- they are under 18 when you apply, or were under 18 when they were first granted leave\n\n- they do not live an independent life\n\nYour child is living an independent life if, for example, they\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\n## When you can settle permanently\n\nThe earliest you can apply to settle in the UK (called \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) is after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years continuously on a family visa as a partner.\n\nYou cannot include time you\u2019ve spent in the UK:\n\n- on any other visa\n\n- as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\nThe rules are different if you applied before 9 July 2012.\n\n## If you applied before 9 July 2012\n\nYou can only extend your family visa if all the following are true:\n\n- you were given permission to stay in the UK as a partner before 9 July 2012\n\n- you are not eligible to settle in the UK\n\n- you have not been granted or refused another visa\n\nYou must also prove that:\n\n- you and your partner have enough money to financially support yourself and your dependants without relying on public funds\n\n- you have knowledge of English\n\n## Apply as a parent\n\nYou can apply to live in the UK to care for your child.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible to apply as a partner, you must do that instead of applying as a parent.\n\nYour child must either:\n\n- be under 18 on the date you apply\n\n- have been under 18 when you were first granted leave and not live an independent life\n\nYour child is living an independent life if, for example, they\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\nYour child must be living in the UK. One of the following must also be true:\n\n- they\u2019re a British or Irish citizen\n\n- they\u2019ve settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- they\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- if you\u2019re applying in the UK, they must have lived in the UK for 7 years continuously and it would not be reasonable for them to leave\n\nIf your child has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Parental responsibility\n\nYou need to have sole or shared parental responsibility for your child.\n\nIf you share parental responsibility, the child\u2019s other parent must not be your partner. They must also either:\n\n- be a British or Irish citizen\n\n- have settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\nIf the child lives with their other parent or carer, you must have access to the child in person, as agreed with the other parent or carer or by a court order.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need to prove\n\nYou must be able to prove that you\u2019re taking an active role in your child\u2019s upbringing and you plan to continue after you apply. For example you could provide letters from your child\u2019s:\n\n- school confirming you take them to school or go to parent evenings\n\n- doctor, dentist, or health visitor confirming that you take them to appointments\n\n- other parent confirming how much contact you have with your child\n\nIf you provide a letter from the other parent, you\u2019ll need to include proof of their identity. This should be an official document which has their signature on it, for example a copy of their passport, tax return or photocard driving licence.\n\n## English language and financial requirements\n\nYou must also prove you:\n\n- have a good knowledge of English\n\n- can financially support yourself without claiming public funds\n\nIf your child or any other dependants live with you, you must also prove you can financially support them without claiming public funds.\n\nIf you do not meet the English language and financial requirements you can still extend your permission to stay if:\n\n- your child in the UK is a British or Irish citizen or has lived in the UK for 7 years\n\n- it would be unreasonable for them to leave the UK\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years and 9 months on this visa. After this you\u2019ll need to apply to extend your stay.\n\nIf you extend your family visa or switch to this visa you can stay in the UK for 2 years and 6 months.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re in the UK or not.\n\n## Outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online outside the UK. You must also complete Appendix 5.\n\n## In the UK\n\nYou must apply online in the UK.\n\nIf you cannot afford to pay the fee, you must also apply online to waive the fee. You might not have to pay the fee if you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\nRead the guidance for parents before applying.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Applying with other children\n\nYou can add other children to your application as dependants if one of the following applies:\n\n- they are under 18 on the date you apply\n\n- they were under 18 when they were first granted leave on a family visa and do not live an independent life\n\n## When you can settle permanently\n\nThe earliest you can apply to settle in the UK (called \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) is after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years continuously on a family visa as a parent.\n\nYou cannot include time you\u2019ve spent in the UK on any other visa.\n\nThe rules are different if you applied before 9 July 2012.\n\n## Apply as a child\n\nYou can apply for a family visa to join your parent in the UK.\n\nYou may not need a family visa if at least one of your parents has indefinite leave to remain or proof of permanent residence. Check if you can apply to settle in the UK.\n\nIf your parent has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## You were born in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll get the same permission to stay as your parent if you were born in the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou can either:\n\n- be added to your parent\u2019s next application as a dependant\n\n- apply separately\n\nTo apply separately, you\u2019ll need to know what kind of permission to stay in the UK (\u2018limited leave to remain\u2019) your parent has.\n\n## If you\u2019re over 18\n\nYour parent can only include you in their application as a dependant if you:\n\n- got permission to come to or stay in the UK (\u2018leave to enter or remain\u2019) on a family visa when you were under 18\n\n- do not live an independent life\n\n- are applying from inside the UK\n\nYou\u2019re living an independent life if, for example, you\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\n## You were born outside the UK\n\nWhether you can apply depends on your age and how your parent applied.\n\n## If you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou must:\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or living an independent life\n\n- be financially supported without claiming public funds\n\nOne of your parents must also be applying or have applied for a visa or to extend their permission to stay as a:\n\n- partner - and the partner they\u2019re joining is your other parent\n\n- parent - and they have sole parental responsibility for you\n\nOtherwise, you might still be eligible to apply if there are serious reasons to let you come to, or stay in the UK and there are plans for your care.\n\n## If you\u2019re over 18\n\nYour parent can include you in their application as a dependant, or you can apply separately yourself. You can only apply if you:\n\n- got permission to stay in the UK (\u2018leave to remain\u2019) on a family visa when you were under 18\n\n- do not live an independent life\n\nYou\u2019re living an independent life if, for example, you\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\nIf your parent cannot include you in their form and you\u2019re in the UK, you may be eligible to apply for Private Life in the UK (10-year route).\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\n## Apply at the same time as your parent\n\nWhich form you need to fill in depends on whether your parent is applying to enter the UK as the partner of one of the following:\n\n- a British or Irish citizen\n\n- a person with indefinite leave to remain\n\n- a person settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- a person from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein who has pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- a person with a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- a person with refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nIf they are applying as one of these, you must fill in the Appendix FM online form.\n\nIf they are not, you must fill in both:\n\n- the online application form\n\n- the Appendix 1 paper form\n\n## Apply separately\n\nWhich form you need to fill in depends on whether your parent has leave to enter or remain in the UK on a 5 or 10-year route to settlement as the partner of:\n\n- a British or Irish citizen\n\n- a person with indefinite leave to remain\n\n- a person settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- a person from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein who has pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- a person with a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- a person with refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nIf they do, you must fill in the Appendix FM online form.\n\nIf they do not, you must fill in both:\n\n- the online application form\n\n- the Appendix 1 paper form\n\n## Apply from the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nIf you\u2019re already in the UK, you must apply online.\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\nYou can also check if you\u2019re eligible for a different type of visa.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Apply as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative\n\nYou must be outside the UK to apply and need long-term care from a parent, grandchild, brother, sister, son or daughter who is living permanently in the UK.\n\nOne of the following must also apply to the relative:\n\n- they\u2019re a British or Irish citizen\n\n- they\u2019ve settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- they\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- they have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nIf your family member has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for a family permit.\n\nYou must prove all of the following:\n\n- you need long-term care to do everyday personal and household tasks because of illness, disability or your age\n\n- the care you need is not available or affordable in the country you live in\n\n- the person you\u2019ll be joining in the UK will be able to support, accommodate and care for you without claiming public funds for at least 5 years\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n## How long you can stay for\n\nHow long you can stay depends on the status of your family member.\n\n## If your family member is British, Irish or settled in the UK\n\nYour stay is unlimited. You will not need to apply to extend or settle.\n\n## If your family member has pre-settled status\n\nThey must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021. You can stay as long as your family member stays. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or settle when they do.\n\n## If your family member has refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nYou can stay as long as your family member stays. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or settle when they do.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nYou must apply as an adult dependent relative online and complete Appendix 1.\n\n## Apply to extend your stay\n\nApply online to extend your stay in the UK.\n\n## Apply on the basis of your private life\n\nYou can only apply on the basis of your private life if you\u2019re already living in the UK.\n\nYou must be able to prove that you\u2019re:\n\n- under 18 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously for at least 7 years, and it would be unreasonable to expect you to leave the UK\n\n- between 18 and 24 and you\u2019ve lived continuously in the UK for more than half your life\n\n- 18 or over, have spent less than 20 years in the UK and would have very significant problems living in the country you\u2019d have to go to - for example, you do not speak the language and could not learn it\n\n- 25 or over and you\u2019ve been in the UK continuously for 20 years\n\nYour family members can apply on the same application - you\u2019ll be considered separately.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\n## If you cannot pay the application fee\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot afford to pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.\n\n## When you do not need to prove it\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English or take a test if one of the following is true:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a child\n\n- you\u2019re applying as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK on a family visa for 5 years and you\u2019re extending it as a partner or parent\n\n- you\u2019re over 65\n\n- you have a physical or mental condition that prevents you from meeting the requirement\n\nYou also will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## How to prove your knowledge of English\n\nYou can prove it with an academic qualification, or by taking a test.\n\n## Academic qualifications\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English if you have a degree or academic qualification that was taught or researched in English.\n\nIf your qualification is from a UK university or college, you only need your degree certificate.\n\n## If your qualification is from a university or college outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certificate from Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to show that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree or higher and that it was taught in English.\n\nThere are 2 kinds of certificate:\n\n- a statement of comparability\n\n- a visa and nationality statement\n\nYou need a statement of comparability if you got your qualification from a university or college in one of these countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Ireland\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\nIf you got your qualification from a university or college in any other country, you need a visa and nationality statement.\n\n## Take an approved English language test\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by passing an approved English language test.\n\nYou must pass at least level A1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale for your first visa application. You can choose to take a higher level test.\n\nIf you pass level B1 level or higher, the test will be accepted if it\u2019s still on the list of approved English language tests when you apply for settlement after 5 years.\n\nIf you cannot take an English language test because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to apply for an exemption. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## If you want to settle permanently in the UK within 5 years\n\nYou may have to pass a higher CEFR level if you want to stay in the UK after 2.5 years. What you need to do depends on what CEFR level you passed for your first visa.\n\nIf you passed:\n\n- level A1 you\u2019ll need to pass level A2 in speaking and listening\n\n- level A2, B1, B2, C1 or C2 you can use the test again for your application if it\u2019s still on the list of approved English language tests\n\nIf you were given an exemption, you\u2019ll need to pass a test at level A1.\n\nRead the English language requirement: family members guidance.\n\n## Give proof of your income\n\nYou and your partner must have a combined income of at least \u00a318,600 a year if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a partner\n\n- you want to settle in the UK (get \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) within 5 years\n\nYou must prove you have extra money if you have children who:\n\n- are not British or Irish citizens\n\n- do not have pre-settled status\n\n- are not permanently settled in the UK\n\nYou might not need to prove you have extra money if your children are citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland and they do not have pre-settled status or are not permanently settled in the UK. Check the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information.\n\nIf you need to prove extra money for your children, you\u2019ll need to earn an extra:\n\n- \u00a33,800 for your first child\n\n- \u00a32,400 for each child you have after your first child\n\nThis is called the \u2018minimum income requirement\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to use your savings instead of income.\n\nHow you prove you have the money depends on how you got the income.\n\nIf you\u2019ve experienced a loss of income because of coronavirus (COVID-19), for example if you\u2019ve been furloughed or you\u2019re self employed, you might still be able to apply. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## What counts as income\n\nYou and your partner can use:\n\n- income from employment before tax and National Insurance (check your P60 or payslips) - you can only use your own income if you earn it in the UK\n\n- income you earn from self-employment or as a director of a limited company in the UK - check your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- cash savings above \u00a316,000\n\n- money from a pension\n\n- non-work income, for example from property rentals or dividends\n\nIf you\u2019re using income from self-employment or employment, you\u2019ll need to prove you or your partner received that income for 6 months or more.\n\n## What proof you need to give\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide proof of your income with your application. If you or your partner are employed, you could include:\n\n- bank statements showing you or your partner\u2019s income\n\n- 6 months of payslips\n\n- a letter from an employer, dated and on headed paper\n\nThe employer\u2019s letter should confirm:\n\n- you or your partner are employed there\n\n- the job title or position you or your partner hold\n\n- how long you or your partner have worked there\n\n- the type of contract (for example, permanent, fixed term)\n\n- what you or your partner earn before tax and National Insurance\n\n- how long you or your partner have been paid your current salary\n\n- the payslips are genuine\n\nYou\u2019ll be told exactly what documents to provide when you apply online.\n\nCheck the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement if:\n\n- you or your partner\u2019s income is more complicated\n\n- you or your partner have taken maternity or paternity leave in the last 6 months\n\n- you want to combine different income sources\n\nThe detailed guidance also explains the evidence you need to provide for each of the types of income you\u2019re relying on.\n\n## If you cannot meet the minimum income requirement\n\nYou need to show you and your partner meet the minimum income requirement if you want to settle in 5 years as a partner.\n\nIf you do not meet the requirement, you may be able to settle in 10 years.\n\n## When you do not need to meet the income requirement\n\nYou may be able to settle in 5 years without meeting the minimum income requirement if either:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a parent\n\n- you get certain benefits, for example Disability Living Allowance or Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nYou need to show you and your family have enough money to adequately support and accommodate yourselves without relying on public funds. The caseworker considers your income and housing costs.\n\nCheck the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information\n\n## Information you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have information and some evidence ready when you make your application. Include information for you and any dependants applying at the same time.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- all your names\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your current passport or other valid travel ID\n\n- copies of the photo page and any visa or entry stamps in your previous passports\n\n- a copy of your biometric residence permit, if you have one\n\n- details of any previous immigration applications you\u2019ve made\n\n- details of any criminal convictions\n\n- your national insurance number, if you have one\n\n- your parents\u2019 date of birth and nationality if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a certified translation of any document that is not in English or Welsh\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa if you\u2019re applying outside the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need an email address to make an online application.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to:\n\n- give proof of your finances\n\n- prove your knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances - for example a sponsorship form from your family member in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to provide your documents when you apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to provide specified documents because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Your partner\u2019s details\n\nIf you have a partner, you\u2019ll be asked about their:\n\n- name\n\n- date of birth\n\n- nationality\n\n- passport\n\n- right to be in the UK, for example they\u2019re a British citizen\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to give details of:\n\n- any people your partner was previously married to, in a civil partnership with or had children with\n\n- evidence of marriages ending, for example a divorce certificate\n\n- anyone your partner supports with money, for example their parents\n\n## Proof of relationship\n\nIf you\u2019re applying as a spouse or partner, you\u2019ll be asked about:\n\n- your relationship with your partner, for example how you met and how often you see each other\n\n- how long you\u2019ve lived together - you\u2019ll need to provide proof like council tax bills\n\n- things you pay for together\n\n- whether you\u2019re your partner\u2019s carer\n\n## Your previous partners\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include details of anyone you previously married or had children with. Include evidence of marriages ending, for example a divorce certificate.\n\n## Children\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of your children (and your partner\u2019s children if you have one). You\u2019ll be asked about all children, even if they\u2019re not applying.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of:\n\n- their name\n\n- their nationality\n\n- their date of birth\n\n- their passport details\n\n- who the child normally lives with\n\n- any other people with parental responsibility for your child, for example your step children\u2019s other parents\n\n- how you\u2019re involved in their day to day life\n\n- arrangements you have to see the child - for example the courts have granted you access\n\n- the child\u2019s extended family\n\n- any countries your child has visited or lived in\n\n## Your life outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of:\n\n- countries outside the UK you\u2019ve lived in and visited\n\n- family and friends in the countries where you were born or have nationality\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to attend an appointment to provide your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo). You\u2019ll be told how to make an appointment when you apply.\n\n## Getting your documents back\n\nYou can ask for your passport and other documents to be returned if you\u2019ve provided them with your application but need them urgently.\n\nYou might have to cancel your application to get your documents back.\n\n## If your application is approved\n\nYou\u2019ll get a biometric residence permit.\n\nYou can:\n\n- work\n\n- study\n\nYou cannot work or study if you\u2019re applying for a visa or extending your stay to get married or become civil partners.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- usually get benefits or other public funds for you or your dependants\n\n- apply to settle in the UK until you\u2019re eligible", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

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    You need a family visa to live with a family member in the UK for more than 6 months.

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    Applying from outside the UK

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    You can apply for a family visa to live with your:

    ", + "
  • spouse or partner
    • ", + "
  • fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner
    • ", + "
  • child
    • ", + "
  • parent
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  • relative who\u2019ll provide long-term care for you
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    If you\u2019re visiting the UK for 6 months or less, check if you need a Standard Visitor visa or Marriage Visitor visa.

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    Extending your family visa

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    You can apply to extend your stay with your family member if you\u2019re already in the UK on a family visa.

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    You can extend at any time before your current permission to stay in the UK expires.

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    If you\u2019re extending to stay with the same family member, you\u2019ll only get up to 28 days left on your current stay added to your new visa.

    ", + "

    You must live in the UK for a certain amount of time before you\u2019re eligible for settlement (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). Before you extend your visa, check how much time you need to settle in the UK.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply to stay on the basis of your private life if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for many years already.

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    Switching to a family visa

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    If you came to the UK on a different visa, you might be able to switch to a family visa to stay with your:

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  • spouse or partner
    • ", + "
  • child
    • ", + "
  • parent
    • ", + "

    You can switch at any time before your current permission to stay in the UK expires.

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    If you do not meet the rules because of coronavirus (COVID-19)

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    If you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus, you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

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    Fees

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    How much it costs depends on how you apply.

    ", + " | Apply outside the UK | Apply in the UK", + "Cost if joining your partner, parent or child | \u00a31,523 | \u00a31,033", + "Cost for each dependant added to your application | \u00a31,523 each person | \u00a31,033 each person", + "Cost for an adult who needs to be looked after by a relative | \u00a33,250 | \u00a31,033", + "

    Let your bank know that a large amount of money will be coming out of your account - otherwise it might cancel your payment.

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    Healthcare surcharge

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    You might also need to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.

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    If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK

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    You\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

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    Get a faster decision on your application

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    If you\u2019re applying from the UK, you may be able to pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a faster decision.

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    You cannot use the super priority service if you\u2019re applying as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative.

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    Once you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.

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    How long it takes

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    If you apply outside the UK a decision will usually be made within 12 weeks.

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    If you apply in the UK a decision will usually be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.

    ", + "

    If you use the super priority service a decision will usually be made:

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  • by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday
    • ", + "
  • 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend
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    Working days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.

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    It might take longer if your application is complex, for example you:

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  • do not meet the minimum income requirement
    • ", + "
  • cannot prove your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • have not provided all the evidence that the Home Office needs
    • ", + "
  • have a criminal conviction or another personal circumstance that needs to be reviewed
    • ", + "

    Other ways you can stay

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    You were the victim of domestic abuse or your partner died

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    You might be able to apply to settle in the UK if you had permission to stay in the UK as a partner when either:

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  • you were the victim of domestic abuse
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  • your partner died
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    Your family member has refugee status or humanitarian protection

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    You might be able to apply for \u2018family reunion\u2019 to join a partner or parent who has either:

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  • refugee status in the UK
    • ", + "
  • humanitarian protection in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

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    If you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme. Otherwise you need a visa or family permit to come to the UK.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.

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    When you cannot get a family visa

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    In some circumstances you cannot apply for, or switch to, a family visa.

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    Your family member has a work visa or student visa

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    You cannot apply for a family visa if your family member is in the UK temporarily on a work visa or student visa.

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    You can apply to stay with them as a dependant instead.

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    You have a visitor visa or a visa for 6 months or less

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    You\u2019ll usually need to leave the UK to apply for a family visa if either:

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  • you have permission to be in the UK as a visitor
    • ", + "
  • your visa is for 6 months or less
    • ", + "

    However, you might be able to switch to a family visa in the UK if you have either:

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  • a 6-month family visa as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner
    • ", + "
  • permission to stay in the UK for the outcome of a family court case or divorce
    • ", + "

    Apply as a partner or spouse

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    To apply as a partner, you and your partner both need to be 18 or over.

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    Your partner must also either:

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  • be a British or Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • have settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence
    • ", + "
  • be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021
    • ", + "
  • have a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK
    • ", + "

    You and your partner must intend to live together permanently in the UK after you apply.

    ", + "

    If your partner has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for a family permit.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need to prove

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "
  • you are a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner and will marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of arriving
    • ", + "

    If your wedding or civil ceremony has been delayed because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to request an extension or apply to extend your stay. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    You also need to prove you:

    ", + "
  • have a good knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • can financially support yourself and your dependants
    • ", + "

    If you do not meet these requirements you may still be able to apply for a visa or extend your permission to stay if:

    ", + "
  • you have a child in the UK who is a British or Irish citizen or has lived in the UK for 7 years and it would be unreasonable for them to leave the UK
    • ", + "
  • there would be very significant difficulties for you and your partner if you lived together as a couple outside the UK that could not be overcome
    • ", + "
  • it would breach your human rights to stop you coming to the UK or make you leave
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner

    ", + "

    You must prove that:

    ", + "
  • any previous marriages or civil partnerships have ended
    • ", + "
  • you plan to marry or become civil partners within 6 months of arriving in the UK
    • ", + "

    If your wedding or civil ceremony has been delayed because of COVID-19, you might still be able to request an extension or apply to extend your stay. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to work during your engagement.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for 2 years and 9 months on this visa. If you\u2019re applying as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner, you can stay for 6 months.

    ", + "

    After this you\u2019ll need to apply to extend your stay.

    ", + "

    If you extend or switch to this visa

    ", + "

    If you extend your family visa or switch to this visa you can stay in the UK for 2 years and 6 months.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re in the UK or not.

    ", + "

    Outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    In the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay the fee

    ", + "

    Fill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot pay the fee because you:

    ", + "
  • do not have a place to live and cannot afford one
    • ", + "
  • have a place to live but cannot afford essential living costs like food or heating
    • ", + "
  • have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing
    • ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Applying with your children

    ", + "

    You can add children to your application as dependants if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they are under 18 when you apply, or were under 18 when they were first granted leave
    • ", + "
  • they do not live an independent life
    • ", + "

    Your child is living an independent life if, for example, they\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.

    ", + "

    When you can settle permanently

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply to settle in the UK (called \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) is after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years continuously on a family visa as a partner.

    ", + "

    You cannot include time you\u2019ve spent in the UK:

    ", + "
  • on any other visa
    • ", + "
  • as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner
    • ", + "

    The rules are different if you applied before 9 July 2012.

    ", + "

    If you applied before 9 July 2012

    ", + "

    You can only extend your family visa if all the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you were given permission to stay in the UK as a partner before 9 July 2012
    • ", + "
  • you are not eligible to settle in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have not been granted or refused another visa
    • ", + "

    You must also prove that:

    ", + "
  • you and your partner have enough money to financially support yourself and your dependants without relying on public funds
    • ", + "
  • you have knowledge of English
    • ", + "

    Apply as a parent

    ", + "

    You can apply to live in the UK to care for your child.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible to apply as a partner, you must do that instead of applying as a parent.

    ", + "

    Your child must either:

    ", + "
  • be under 18 on the date you apply
    • ", + "
  • have been under 18 when you were first granted leave and not live an independent life
    • ", + "

    Your child is living an independent life if, for example, they\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.

    ", + "

    Your child must be living in the UK. One of the following must also be true:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re a British or Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ve settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re applying in the UK, they must have lived in the UK for 7 years continuously and it would not be reasonable for them to leave
    • ", + "

    If your child has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    If you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    Parental responsibility

    ", + "

    You need to have sole or shared parental responsibility for your child.

    ", + "

    If you share parental responsibility, the child\u2019s other parent must not be your partner. They must also either:

    ", + "
  • be a British or Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • have settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence
    • ", + "
  • be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021
    • ", + "

    If the child lives with their other parent or carer, you must have access to the child in person, as agreed with the other parent or carer or by a court order.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need to prove

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that you\u2019re taking an active role in your child\u2019s upbringing and you plan to continue after you apply. For example you could provide letters from your child\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • school confirming you take them to school or go to parent evenings
    • ", + "
  • doctor, dentist, or health visitor confirming that you take them to appointments
    • ", + "
  • other parent confirming how much contact you have with your child
    • ", + "

    If you provide a letter from the other parent, you\u2019ll need to include proof of their identity. This should be an official document which has their signature on it, for example a copy of their passport, tax return or photocard driving licence.

    ", + "

    English language and financial requirements

    ", + "

    You must also prove you:

    ", + "
  • have a good knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • can financially support yourself without claiming public funds
    • ", + "

    If your child or any other dependants live with you, you must also prove you can financially support them without claiming public funds.

    ", + "

    If you do not meet the English language and financial requirements you can still extend your permission to stay if:

    ", + "
  • your child in the UK is a British or Irish citizen or has lived in the UK for 7 years
    • ", + "
  • it would be unreasonable for them to leave the UK
    • ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for 2 years and 9 months on this visa. After this you\u2019ll need to apply to extend your stay.

    ", + "

    If you extend your family visa or switch to this visa you can stay in the UK for 2 years and 6 months.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.

    ", + "

    How you apply depends on whether you\u2019re in the UK or not.

    ", + "

    Outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online outside the UK. You must also complete Appendix 5.

    ", + "

    In the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply online in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you cannot afford to pay the fee, you must also apply online to waive the fee. You might not have to pay the fee if you:

    ", + "
  • do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one
    • ", + "
  • have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating
    • ", + "
  • have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance for parents before applying.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Applying with other children

    ", + "

    You can add other children to your application as dependants if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • they are under 18 on the date you apply
    • ", + "
  • they were under 18 when they were first granted leave on a family visa and do not live an independent life
    • ", + "

    When you can settle permanently

    ", + "

    The earliest you can apply to settle in the UK (called \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) is after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years continuously on a family visa as a parent.

    ", + "

    You cannot include time you\u2019ve spent in the UK on any other visa.

    ", + "

    The rules are different if you applied before 9 July 2012.

    ", + "

    Apply as a child

    ", + "

    You can apply for a family visa to join your parent in the UK.

    ", + "

    You may not need a family visa if at least one of your parents has indefinite leave to remain or proof of permanent residence. Check if you can apply to settle in the UK.

    ", + "

    If your parent has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    If you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    You were born in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the same permission to stay as your parent if you were born in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • be added to your parent\u2019s next application as a dependant
    • ", + "
  • apply separately
    • ", + "

    To apply separately, you\u2019ll need to know what kind of permission to stay in the UK (\u2018limited leave to remain\u2019) your parent has.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 18

    ", + "

    Your parent can only include you in their application as a dependant if you:

    ", + "
  • got permission to come to or stay in the UK (\u2018leave to enter or remain\u2019) on a family visa when you were under 18
    • ", + "
  • do not live an independent life
    • ", + "
  • are applying from inside the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re living an independent life if, for example, you\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.

    ", + "

    You were born outside the UK

    ", + "

    Whether you can apply depends on your age and how your parent applied.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or living an independent life
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported without claiming public funds
    • ", + "

    One of your parents must also be applying or have applied for a visa or to extend their permission to stay as a:

    ", + "
  • partner - and the partner they\u2019re joining is your other parent
    • ", + "
  • parent - and they have sole parental responsibility for you
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, you might still be eligible to apply if there are serious reasons to let you come to, or stay in the UK and there are plans for your care.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 18

    ", + "

    Your parent can include you in their application as a dependant, or you can apply separately yourself. You can only apply if you:

    ", + "
  • got permission to stay in the UK (\u2018leave to remain\u2019) on a family visa when you were under 18
    • ", + "
  • do not live an independent life
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re living an independent life if, for example, you\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.

    ", + "

    If your parent cannot include you in their form and you\u2019re in the UK, you may be eligible to apply for Private Life in the UK (10-year route).

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.

    ", + "

    Apply at the same time as your parent

    ", + "

    Which form you need to fill in depends on whether your parent is applying to enter the UK as the partner of one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a British or Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • a person with indefinite leave to remain
    • ", + "
  • a person settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence
    • ", + "
  • a person from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein who has pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021
    • ", + "
  • a person with a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • a person with refugee status or humanitarian protection
    • ", + "

    If they are applying as one of these, you must fill in the Appendix FM online form.

    ", + "

    If they are not, you must fill in both:

    ", + "
  • the online application form
    • ", + "
  • the Appendix 1 paper form
    • ", + "

    Apply separately

    ", + "

    Which form you need to fill in depends on whether your parent has leave to enter or remain in the UK on a 5 or 10-year route to settlement as the partner of:

    ", + "
  • a British or Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • a person with indefinite leave to remain
    • ", + "
  • a person settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence
    • ", + "
  • a person from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein who has pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021
    • ", + "
  • a person with a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • a person with refugee status or humanitarian protection
    • ", + "

    If they do, you must fill in the Appendix FM online form.

    ", + "

    If they do not, you must fill in both:

    ", + "
  • the online application form
    • ", + "
  • the Appendix 1 paper form
    • ", + "

    Apply from the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already in the UK, you must apply online.

    ", + "

    Fill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot pay the fee because you:

    ", + "
  • do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one
    • ", + "
  • have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating
    • ", + "
  • have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing
    • ", + "

    You can also check if you\u2019re eligible for a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Apply as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply and need long-term care from a parent, grandchild, brother, sister, son or daughter who is living permanently in the UK.

    ", + "

    One of the following must also apply to the relative:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re a British or Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ve settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021
    • ", + "
  • they have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK
    • ", + "

    If your family member has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for a family permit.

    ", + "

    You must prove all of the following:

    ", + "
  • you need long-term care to do everyday personal and household tasks because of illness, disability or your age
    • ", + "
  • the care you need is not available or affordable in the country you live in
    • ", + "
  • the person you\u2019ll be joining in the UK will be able to support, accommodate and care for you without claiming public funds for at least 5 years
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "

    How long you can stay for

    ", + "

    How long you can stay depends on the status of your family member.

    ", + "

    If your family member is British, Irish or settled in the UK

    ", + "

    Your stay is unlimited. You will not need to apply to extend or settle.

    ", + "

    If your family member has pre-settled status

    ", + "

    They must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021. You can stay as long as your family member stays. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or settle when they do.

    ", + "

    If your family member has refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK

    ", + "

    You can stay as long as your family member stays. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or settle when they do.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.

    ", + "

    You must apply as an adult dependent relative online and complete Appendix 1.

    ", + "

    Apply to extend your stay

    ", + "

    Apply online to extend your stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    Apply on the basis of your private life

    ", + "

    You can only apply on the basis of your private life if you\u2019re already living in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • under 18 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously for at least 7 years, and it would be unreasonable to expect you to leave the UK
    • ", + "
  • between 18 and 24 and you\u2019ve lived continuously in the UK for more than half your life
    • ", + "
  • 18 or over, have spent less than 20 years in the UK and would have very significant problems living in the country you\u2019d have to go to - for example, you do not speak the language and could not learn it
    • ", + "
  • 25 or over and you\u2019ve been in the UK continuously for 20 years
    • ", + "

    Your family members can apply on the same application - you\u2019ll be considered separately.

    ", + "

    If you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay the application fee

    ", + "

    Fill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot afford to pay the fee because you:

    ", + "
  • do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one
    • ", + "
  • have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating
    • ", + "
  • have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing
    • ", + "

    Get help using a computer to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to prove it

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English or take a test if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a child
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK on a family visa for 5 years and you\u2019re extending it as a partner or parent
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re over 65
    • ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental condition that prevents you from meeting the requirement
    • ", + "

    You also will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    How to prove your knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You can prove it with an academic qualification, or by taking a test.

    ", + "

    Academic qualifications

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English if you have a degree or academic qualification that was taught or researched in English.

    ", + "

    If your qualification is from a UK university or college, you only need your degree certificate.

    ", + "

    If your qualification is from a university or college outside the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certificate from Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to show that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree or higher and that it was taught in English.

    ", + "

    There are 2 kinds of certificate:

    ", + "
  • a statement of comparability
    • ", + "
  • a visa and nationality statement
    • ", + "

    You need a statement of comparability if you got your qualification from a university or college in one of these countries:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • the Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Ireland
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    If you got your qualification from a university or college in any other country, you need a visa and nationality statement.

    ", + "

    Take an approved English language test

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by passing an approved English language test.

    ", + "

    You must pass at least level A1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale for your first visa application. You can choose to take a higher level test.

    ", + "

    If you pass level B1 level or higher, the test will be accepted if it\u2019s still on the list of approved English language tests when you apply for settlement after 5 years.

    ", + "

    If you cannot take an English language test because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to apply for an exemption. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    If you want to settle permanently in the UK within 5 years

    ", + "

    You may have to pass a higher CEFR level if you want to stay in the UK after 2.5 years. What you need to do depends on what CEFR level you passed for your first visa.

    ", + "

    If you passed:

    ", + "
  • level A1 you\u2019ll need to pass level A2 in speaking and listening
    • ", + "
  • level A2, B1, B2, C1 or C2 you can use the test again for your application if it\u2019s still on the list of approved English language tests
    • ", + "

    If you were given an exemption, you\u2019ll need to pass a test at level A1.

    ", + "

    Read the English language requirement: family members guidance.

    ", + "

    Give proof of your income

    ", + "

    You and your partner must have a combined income of at least \u00a318,600 a year if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a partner
    • ", + "
  • you want to settle in the UK (get \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) within 5 years
    • ", + "

    You must prove you have extra money if you have children who:

    ", + "
  • are not British or Irish citizens
    • ", + "
  • do not have pre-settled status
    • ", + "
  • are not permanently settled in the UK
    • ", + "

    You might not need to prove you have extra money if your children are citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland and they do not have pre-settled status or are not permanently settled in the UK. Check the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information.

    ", + "

    If you need to prove extra money for your children, you\u2019ll need to earn an extra:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,800 for your first child
    • ", + "
  • \u00a32,400 for each child you have after your first child
    • ", + "

    This is called the \u2018minimum income requirement\u2019.

    ", + "

    You may be able to use your savings instead of income.

    ", + "

    How you prove you have the money depends on how you got the income.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve experienced a loss of income because of coronavirus (COVID-19), for example if you\u2019ve been furloughed or you\u2019re self employed, you might still be able to apply. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    What counts as income

    ", + "

    You and your partner can use:

    ", + "
  • income from employment before tax and National Insurance (check your P60 or payslips) - you can only use your own income if you earn it in the UK
    • ", + "
  • income you earn from self-employment or as a director of a limited company in the UK - check your Self Assessment tax return
    • ", + "
  • cash savings above \u00a316,000
    • ", + "
  • money from a pension
    • ", + "
  • non-work income, for example from property rentals or dividends
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re using income from self-employment or employment, you\u2019ll need to prove you or your partner received that income for 6 months or more.

    ", + "

    What proof you need to give

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide proof of your income with your application. If you or your partner are employed, you could include:

    ", + "
  • bank statements showing you or your partner\u2019s income
    • ", + "
  • 6 months of payslips
    • ", + "
  • a letter from an employer, dated and on headed paper
    • ", + "

    The employer\u2019s letter should confirm:

    ", + "
  • you or your partner are employed there
    • ", + "
  • the job title or position you or your partner hold
    • ", + "
  • how long you or your partner have worked there
    • ", + "
  • the type of contract (for example, permanent, fixed term)
    • ", + "
  • what you or your partner earn before tax and National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • how long you or your partner have been paid your current salary
    • ", + "
  • the payslips are genuine
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told exactly what documents to provide when you apply online.

    ", + "

    Check the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement if:

    ", + "
  • you or your partner\u2019s income is more complicated
    • ", + "
  • you or your partner have taken maternity or paternity leave in the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • you want to combine different income sources
    • ", + "

    The detailed guidance also explains the evidence you need to provide for each of the types of income you\u2019re relying on.

    ", + "

    If you cannot meet the minimum income requirement

    ", + "

    You need to show you and your partner meet the minimum income requirement if you want to settle in 5 years as a partner.

    ", + "

    If you do not meet the requirement, you may be able to settle in 10 years.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to meet the income requirement

    ", + "

    You may be able to settle in 5 years without meeting the minimum income requirement if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a parent
    • ", + "
  • you get certain benefits, for example Disability Living Allowance or Carer\u2019s Allowance.
    • ", + "

    You need to show you and your family have enough money to adequately support and accommodate yourselves without relying on public funds. The caseworker considers your income and housing costs.

    ", + "

    Check the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information

    ", + "

    Information you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have information and some evidence ready when you make your application. Include information for you and any dependants applying at the same time.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • all your names
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your current passport or other valid travel ID
    • ", + "
  • copies of the photo page and any visa or entry stamps in your previous passports
    • ", + "
  • a copy of your biometric residence permit, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • details of any previous immigration applications you\u2019ve made
    • ", + "
  • details of any criminal convictions
    • ", + "
  • your national insurance number, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • your parents\u2019 date of birth and nationality if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "
  • a certified translation of any document that is not in English or Welsh
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa if you\u2019re applying outside the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need an email address to make an online application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to:

    ", + "
  • give proof of your finances
    • ", + "
  • prove your knowledge of English
    • ", + "

    You may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances - for example a sponsorship form from your family member in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how to provide your documents when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to provide specified documents because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.

    ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s details

    ", + "

    If you have a partner, you\u2019ll be asked about their:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • nationality
    • ", + "
  • passport
    • ", + "
  • right to be in the UK, for example they\u2019re a British citizen
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to give details of:

    ", + "
  • any people your partner was previously married to, in a civil partnership with or had children with
    • ", + "
  • evidence of marriages ending, for example a divorce certificate
    • ", + "
  • anyone your partner supports with money, for example their parents
    • ", + "

    Proof of relationship

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying as a spouse or partner, you\u2019ll be asked about:

    ", + "
  • your relationship with your partner, for example how you met and how often you see each other
    • ", + "
  • how long you\u2019ve lived together - you\u2019ll need to provide proof like council tax bills
    • ", + "
  • things you pay for together
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re your partner\u2019s carer
    • ", + "

    Your previous partners

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include details of anyone you previously married or had children with. Include evidence of marriages ending, for example a divorce certificate.

    ", + "

    Children

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give details of your children (and your partner\u2019s children if you have one). You\u2019ll be asked about all children, even if they\u2019re not applying.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give details of:

    ", + "
  • their name
    • ", + "
  • their nationality
    • ", + "
  • their date of birth
    • ", + "
  • their passport details
    • ", + "
  • who the child normally lives with
    • ", + "
  • any other people with parental responsibility for your child, for example your step children\u2019s other parents
    • ", + "
  • how you\u2019re involved in their day to day life
    • ", + "
  • arrangements you have to see the child - for example the courts have granted you access
    • ", + "
  • the child\u2019s extended family
    • ", + "
  • any countries your child has visited or lived in
    • ", + "

    Your life outside the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give details of:

    ", + "
  • countries outside the UK you\u2019ve lived in and visited
    • ", + "
  • family and friends in the countries where you were born or have nationality
    • ", + "

    After you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to attend an appointment to provide your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo). You\u2019ll be told how to make an appointment when you apply.

    ", + "

    Getting your documents back

    ", + "

    You can ask for your passport and other documents to be returned if you\u2019ve provided them with your application but need them urgently.

    ", + "

    You might have to cancel your application to get your documents back.

    ", + "

    If your application is approved

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a biometric residence permit.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work
    • ", + "
  • study
    • ", + "

    You cannot work or study if you\u2019re applying for a visa or extending your stay to get married or become civil partners.

    ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • usually get benefits or other public funds for you or your dependants
    • ", + "
  • apply to settle in the UK until you\u2019re eligible
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/family-permit": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/family-permit", + "title": "Apply for a permit to join your EU or EEA family member in the UK", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be able to get a permit to come to the UK if you\u2019re the family member of either:\n\n- an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- a \u2018person of Northern Ireland\u2019\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.\n\nThe family of some British citizens can also get a permit.\n\nYou must be outside the UK to apply.\n\nThere are 2 different family permits:\n\n- the EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- the EEA family permit\n\n## What family permits are for\n\nA family permit makes it easier to travel with your family member to the UK or to join them there.\n\nIt lets you come to the UK for up to 6 months. You can work and study, and come and go as many times as you want.\n\nWithout one, you might not get a boarding pass or may be refused entry into the UK.\n\nYou can stay longer in the UK if you\u2019re eligible for the EU Settlement Scheme. You can either:\n\n- apply for a family permit before you come to the UK, and then apply to the EU Settlement Scheme once you\u2019re here\n\n- apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK, if you\u2019re eligible to do so\n\n## EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\nYou can apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit if you\u2019re the close family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who was living in the UK by 31 December 2020.\n\nFind out more about applying for an EUSS family permit to join an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.\n\nYou can also apply:\n\n- if you\u2019ve lived in the EU, EEA or Switzerland with an eligible family member who\u2019s a British citizen\n\n- if you have the right to stay in the UK as the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has died, left the UK, is no longer your spouse or civil partner or with whom the family relationship has broken down - this is called \u2018retained right of residence\u2019\n\n## EEA family permit\n\nThe EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later. To come to the UK after 30 June 2021, you might be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nYou can apply for an EEA family permit if you\u2019re the close family member or unmarried partner of a person from the EU, EEA or Switzerland. Your family relationship must have started by 31 December 2020.\n\nIf you apply for an EEA family permit and do not get a decision by 30 June 2021, you\u2019ll need to apply for a different way to travel to the UK, such as an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nFind out more about applying for the EEA family permit to join an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.\n\nYou may also be eligible for an EEA family permit:\n\n- with a \u2018derivative right of residence\u2019 - you might have this if you\u2019re the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss dependant, the primary carer\u2019s child, or the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who previously worked in the UK\n\n- if you can make a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application after living in an EEA country or Switzerland with a British family member\n\n- with a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019 - you might have this if you have the right to stay in the UK as the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has died, left the UK or is no longer your spouse or civil partner\n\n## Fees\n\nBoth family permits are free.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nIf your application is successful, check how long your permit lasts and when you can apply to stay longer in the UK.\n\n## EU Settlement Scheme family permit: join an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\nYou can apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re the eligible family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, or a \u2018person of Northern Ireland\u2019\n\n- your family relationship began by 31 December 2020\n\n- your family member was living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- your family member is in the UK already or traveling with you to the UK within 6 months of your application\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.\n\nChildren who were born or adopted after 31 December 2020 may also be eligible, if they\u2019re the child of either:\n\n- an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s spouse or civil partner\n\n## Eligible family members\n\nYou can join your:\n\n- spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- child or grandchild aged under 21\n\n- dependent child or grandchild of any age\n\n- dependent parent or grandparent\n\nThis includes family members who were adopted under an adoption order that\u2019s recognised in UK law.\n\n## Spouses and civil partners of Swiss citizens\n\nIf you\u2019re married to or in a civil partnership with an eligible Swiss citizen, the rules are different.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be eligible if:\n\n- you got engaged or formed your partnership after 31 December 2020\n\n- you\u2019re still together when you apply\n\n## Who you can join\n\nThe person you\u2019re joining must be one of the following:\n\n- an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- a person of Northern Ireland\n\n- someone who lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before also getting British citizenship\n\n- an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who is exempt from immigration control\n\n- an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who travels regularly to work in the UK but lives outside of the UK (also known as a \u2018frontier worker\u2019)\n\n- a British citizen who also has dual EU, EEA or Swiss nationality and was settled in the UK before 16 July 2012 without using their free movement rights (also known as a \u2018McCarthy\u2019 case)\n\nYour family member must meet the eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme even if they have not applied or cannot apply. This means that they:\n\n- were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- pass criminal record checks\n\n## If you\u2019re joining a person of Northern Ireland\n\nTo be an eligible person of Northern Ireland, the person you\u2019re joining must:\n\n- have been born in Northern Ireland\n\n- have British, Irish or dual British and Irish citizenship\n\nAt the time of your family member\u2019s birth, one of their parents must have been:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- a Irish citizen\n\n- a dual British and Irish citizen\n\n- entitled to reside in Northern Ireland with no restriction on their period of residence\n\n## If you\u2019re joining an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who lived in the UK before getting British citizenship\n\nTo be eligible the person you\u2019re joining must:\n\n- be an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- have become a naturalised British citizen after working, studying or being self-sufficient in the UK\n\n## If you\u2019re joining an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who is exempt from immigration control\n\nThe person you\u2019re joining must be:\n\n- an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- exempt from immigration control\n\nThey cannot also be a British citizen.\n\n## If you\u2019re joining a frontier worker\n\nThe person you\u2019re joining must:\n\n- be an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- have been working in the UK by 31 December 2020 as an employee or self-employed person\n\n- be primarily resident in another country that is not the UK\n\n- have been a frontier worker continuously since 1 January 2021\n\nThey cannot also be a British citizen.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must provide:\n\n- a valid passport\n\n- evidence of your relationship to your EEA family member, for example a marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or birth certificate\n\nYou can provide a valid national identity card instead of your passport if you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.\n\nIf the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen family member you are joining has applied to the EU Settlement Scheme you must provide their application number.\n\nIf they have not applied to the EU Settlement Scheme you must provide both:\n\n- their valid EU, EEA or Swiss passport or national identity card\n\n- evidence that they would be eligible for the EU Settlement Scheme if they had applied\n\nYou\u2019ll have to show that they meet the other eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme even if they cannot apply - for example, if they have British as well as EU, EEA or Swiss citizenship.\n\n## Evidence if you\u2019re a spouse or civil partner\n\nIf you\u2019re a spouse or civil partner, you must show that you were engaged or formed a civil partnership by 31 December 2020.\n\nTo do this, you must provide either:\n\n- a marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\n- a document issued under the EEA regulations as the spouse or civil partner of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen - for example a family permit or residence card\n\nIf you\u2019re married to or in civil partnership with a Swiss citizen who was resident in the UK by 31 December 2020, the rules are different. You may be eligible if you got married or entered into your partnership any time before 1 January 2026, and the relationship still exists when you apply.\n\n## Evidence if you\u2019re an unmarried partner\n\nIf you\u2019re an unmarried partner you\u2019ll need to provide evidence that you were in your long-term relationship by 31 December 2020.\n\nThis usually means showing that you had been living together for 2 years. Evidence could include:\n\n- bank statements, utility bills or official correspondence that shows you and your partner at the same address\n\n- documents showing joint finances, like a tax return\n\n- birth certificates or custody agreements showing that you shared responsibility for children while living together\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide evidence that:\n\n- you\u2019re still together when you apply\n\n- if you were resident in the UK before 1 January 2021, evidence that you were legally resident during that time\n\n## Evidence if you\u2019re a dependent child, grandchild, parent or grandparent\n\nYou\u2019ll have to provide evidence that you\u2019re related to your EU, EEA or Swiss family member, such as a birth certificate.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to show that you are dependent on them if:\n\n- you\u2019re over 21 and a dependent child or grandchild of your family member\n\n- your family member is under 18 and you\u2019re their dependent parent or grandparent\n\nExamples of the evidence you can provide include:\n\n- bank statements or money transfers that show you depend on them financially\n\n- evidence that you depend on them for health care, for example a letter from a hospital consultant\n\nIf you\u2019re a dependent parent or grandparent, you will not need to show dependency if your spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner has successfully applied for either:\n\n- an EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- the EU Settlement Scheme as the dependent parent of your EEA family member\n\n## Evidence if you\u2019re the family member of a person of Northern Ireland\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a birth certificate or passport showing that your family member was born in Northern Ireland.\n\nIf they qualify as an Irish citizen alone, you must provide their original passport or national identity card and not a copy.\n\nYou must also provide evidence that, at the time of your family member\u2019s birth, one of their parents was:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- a Irish citizen\n\n- a dual British and Irish citizen\n\n- entitled to reside in Northern Ireland with no restriction on their period of residence\n\n## Evidence if you\u2019re joining a person who is exempt from immigration control\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence showing that:\n\n- they are exempt from immigration controls, for example a letter from a UK or foreign ministry\n\n- they\u2019d meet the other eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme if they made an application before 1 July 2021 (even though they cannot actually apply)\n\n## Evidence if you\u2019re joining a frontier worker\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide their frontier worker permit, or evidence that shows that they would be issued one if they applied.\n\n## Evidence if you\u2019re joining a person with dual citizenship\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence that shows:\n\n- your family member is a British citizen - for example a copy of their passport\n\n- they\u2019d meet the other eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme if they made an application before 1 July 2021, even though they cannot apply\n\nIf you\u2019re applying on the grounds that your family member was settled in the UK before 16 July 2012\nwithout using their free movement rights (also known as a \u2018McCarthy\u2019 case), you\u2019ll have to show that on 16 July 2012 you had either:\n\n- a right of permanent residence in the UK\n\n- a document issued under EEA regulations, for example a residence card\n\n## Apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\nYou must apply online for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nYou must be outside the UK to apply.\n\nThere\u2019s no deadline for applications.\n\n## EU Settlement Scheme family permit: join a British citizen\n\nYou can apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK before 29 March 2022 if you\u2019ve lived in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland with an eligible family member who\u2019s a British citizen.\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.\n\nYou must have lived with them in that country before 1 January 2021, and be:\n\n- their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- under 21 years old, and are their child or grandchild\n\n- 21 years or older, and are their dependent child or grandchild\n\n- their dependent parent or grandparent\n\n- another dependent relative\n\nThis includes family members who were adopted under an adoption order that\u2019s recognised in UK law.\n\nThe country that you lived in together must have been your main residence. Your British family member must also have been working (including on a posting with HM Armed Forces), studying or self-sufficient in the country while there.\n\nThe relationship with your family member must have existed before 1 February 2020 for you to be eligible to apply, unless you have reasonable grounds for not returning to the UK before 1 January 2021.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must provide:\n\n- your valid passport (or ID card if you are an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen)\n\n- your British family member\u2019s valid passport\n\n- evidence of your relationship to your British family member, such as a marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or birth certificate\n\nBoth you and your British family member must provide documents proving that you lived in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) as your main residence. The documents must show:\n\n- that you\u2019ve lived together in that country\n\n- your addresses\n\n- time spent living at each address\n\n- any proof of renting or buying a home\n\nYou must also provide proof that your British family member was working, self-employed, self-sufficient or studying in the country where you\u2019ve lived together.\n\nExamples of proof include employer\u2019s letters, wage slips, contracts, bank statements, proof of tax registration, or proof of enrolment and attendance for study.\n\n## If you\u2019re a dependent child, grandchild, parent or grandparent or relative\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide proof of your dependency if you\u2019re:\n\n- a dependent child or grandchild of your British family member, or their spouse or civil partner, and you\u2019re over 21\n\n- a dependent parent or grandparent of your British family member, or their spouse or civil partner, and they are under 18\n\n- another relative and you are dependent on your British family member, or their spouse or civil partner\n\n## Apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\nYou must apply online for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nYou must be outside the UK to apply.\n\nThere\u2019s no deadline for applications.\n\n## EU Settlement Scheme family permit: retained right of residence\n\nYou may be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit if you previously had a right to reside in the UK either:\n\n- as the family member of an EU, EEA, Swiss citizen\n\n- from living in the EU, EEA or Switzerland with a British citizen\n\nThis is called a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019. You may have it if:\n\n- your eligible family member died\n\n- you\u2019re their child, they died or left the UK, and you are in education in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve had a child with them, they died or left the UK, and the child is in education in the UK\n\n- they divorced you or a member of your family\n\n- the relationship has broken down because of domestic abuse or violence\n\nYou must also meet other requirements to be eligible for a retained right of residence - read how applications are decided.\n\n## If your family member has died\n\nYou can apply if you lived continuously in the UK as their family member for at least one year immediately before their death.\n\nYou can also apply if:\n\n- you lived in the UK as their family member immediately before their death\n\n- they were resident in the UK as a worker or self employed person at the time of their death\n\n- they\u2019d been resident as a worker or self employed person for at least two years\n\nIf they died as the result of an accident at work or occupational disease, they do not have to have been resident for 2 years.\n\n## If you\u2019re in education in the UK\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re in education in the UK and one of the following is true:\n\n- you\u2019re the child of an eligible EU, EEA, Swiss or British citizen who has left the UK or died\n\n- one of your parents is the spouse or civil partner of an eligible EU, EEA, Swiss or British citizen who has left the UK or died\n\n- one of your parents was previously the spouse or civil partner of an eligible EU, EEA, Swiss or British citizen who has left the UK or died\n\nIf you qualify through any of these circumstances, your parent may also be eligible if they have custody of you.\n\n## If you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership\n\nYou can apply if you stopped being the family member of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen after their marriage or civil partnership ended with a divorce, annulment or dissolution, and you lived in the UK when it ended.\n\nOne of the following must also apply:\n\n- the marriage or civil partnership lasted for at least 3 years and the couple had both been living in the UK for at least one year during that time\n\n- you have custody of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child\n\n- you have been given right of access in the UK to the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child and the child is under 18\n\n- you or another family member was the victim of domestic violence or abuse in the marriage or civil partnership\n\nYou can also apply if a family member had an eligible marriage or civil partnership and you lived in the UK when it ended. You must be their:\n\n- child or grandchild under 21 years old\n\n- dependent child or grandchild over the age of 21\n\n- dependent parent or grandparent\n\n## If you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence\n\nYou can apply if your family relationship with an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen has broken down permanently because of domestic abuse or violence.\n\nYou can apply if you are or were their:\n\n- spouse or civil partner\n\n- unmarried partner\n\n- child or grandchild under 21 years old\n\n- dependent child or grandchild over the age of 21\n\n- dependent parent or grandparent\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must provide:\n\n- your family member\u2019s valid passport\n\n- evidence of your relationship to them, for example a marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or birth certificate\n\n- evidence that you have been continuously resident in the UK\n\nYou can provide a valid national identity card instead of their passport if they\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.\n\nYou must also provide evidence that your family member meets the eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme, even if they cannot apply.\n\n## Evidence if your family member has died\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to provide:\n\n- their death certificate and cause of death\n\n- evidence of your and your family member\u2019s residence in the UK\n\n- evidence of their employment, if they were employed\n\n## Evidence if you\u2019re in education in the UK\n\nWhere appropriate, you will have to provide evidence that:\n\n- your family member died - for example, a death certificate\n\n- you were in education in the UK at the time your family member died or left the UK, and that you still are\n\n- your family member left the UK\n\n- you have custody of the child of the family member who died or left the UK\n\n## Evidence if you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership\n\nWhere appropriate, you will have to provide evidence that:\n\n- the marriage or civil partnership ended in divorce, annulment or dissolution\n\n- you\u2019d been living together in the UK for at least a year\n\n- you have custody of or the right of access to the child of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- domestic violence or abuse took place\n\n## Evidence if you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence\n\nYou will have to provide evidence that:\n\n- the family relationship has broken down permanently as a result of domestic violence or abuse\n\n- you were resident in the UK when that family relationship broke down\n\n## Apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\nYou must apply online for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nYou must be outside the UK to apply.\n\nThere\u2019s no deadline for applications.\n\n## EEA family permit\n\nThe EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later. To come to the UK after 30 June 2021, you might be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nYou can still apply for an EEA family permit if you\u2019re the close family member or unmarried partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who is a qualified person or has a right of permanent residence in the UK.\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.\n\nApply to the EU Settlement Scheme family permit instead if your family member has or is eligible for \u2018settled\u2019 or \u2018pre-settled\u2019 status under the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Family members you can join\n\nYou must be their:\n\n- spouse or civil partner\n\n- unmarried partner in a lasting relationship\n\n- child or grandchild aged under 21\n\n- dependent child or grandchild of any age\n\n- dependent parent or grandparent\n\nThis includes family members who were adopted under an adoption order that\u2019s recognised in UK law.\n\nYour family relationship must have started by 31 December 2020.\n\nThe family member you\u2019re joining must:\n\n- have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- have been working, looking for work, studying or self-sufficient while living here\n\n- have a right of permanent residence in the UK\n\n## Extended family members\n\nYou can no longer apply for an EEA family permit if you are the extended family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, for example their:\n\n- brother or sister\n\n- aunt or uncle\n\n- cousin\n\n- niece or nephew\n\nUnmarried partners in a lasting relationship (\u2018durable partners\u2019) can continue to apply for EEA family permits until 30 June 2021. The permit will not be valid after 30 June 2021, even if the expiry date on it is later.\n\n## Other ways to get an EEA family permit\n\nYou may also be eligible:\n\n- with a \u2018derivative right of residence\u2019 - you might have this if you\u2019re the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, the primary carer\u2019s child, or the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who previously worked in the UK\n\n- if you can make a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application after living in an EU, EEA country or Switzerland with a British family member\n\n- with a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019 - you might have this if you have the right to stay in the UK as the family member of EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has died, left the UK or is no longer your spouse or civil partner\n\nYou must also have had the right to reside in the UK by 31 December 2020.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must provide:\n\n- a valid passport\n\n- 2 passport size colour photographs\n\n- evidence of your relationship to your family member \u2013 for example a birth certificate, marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or proof that you\u2019ve lived together for 2 years\n\n- your family member\u2019s valid passport or national identity card (or a certified copy if you cannot provide the original)\n\n- evidence that your EU, EEA or Swiss citizen family member was resident in the UK by 31 December 2020\nIf your family member has been in the UK for more than 3 months, you must show that they have a permanent residence document or provide evidence that they are:\n\n- working - for example an employment contract, wage slips or a letter from an employer\n\n- self-employed - for example contracts, invoices or audited accounts with bank statements\n\n- studying - for example a letter from the school, college or university\n\n- financially independent (\u2018self-sufficient\u2019) - for example bank statements\n\nYour partner must have full health insurance (comprehensive sickness insurance) if they\u2019re studying or self-sufficient.\n\n## Evidence if you\u2019re a dependent relative\n\nYou\u2019ll have to provide evidence that you\u2019re related to your family member, such as a birth certificate.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to show that you are dependent on them, for example:\n\n- bank statements or money transfers that show you depend on them financially\n\n- evidence that you depend on them for health care, for example a letter from a hospital consultant\n\nSee more examples of each type of evidence.\n\n## Apply for an EEA family permit\n\nYou must apply online for an EEA family permit.\n\nYou must be outside the UK to apply.\n\n## EEA family permit: Surinder Singh\n\nThe EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later. To come to the UK after 30 June 2021, you might be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nYou can apply for an EEA family permit if you\u2019ve lived in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland with an eligible family member who\u2019s a British citizen. This is also known as a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application.\n\nYou must have lived with them in that country before 1 January 2021, and be:\n\n- their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner (\u2018durable partner\u2019)\n\n- under 21 years old, and are their child or grandchild\n\n- 21 years or older, and are their dependent child or grandchild\n\n- their dependent parent or grandparent\n\nThis includes family members who were adopted under an adoption order that\u2019s recognised in UK law.\n\nThe country that you lived in together must have been your main residence. Your British family member must also have been working, studying or self-sufficient in the country while there.\n\nTo be eligible for an EEA family permit you must prove that:\n\n- your British family member was resident in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland and was either a worker, a self-employed person, a self-sufficient person, a student, or a person with a right of permanent residence in that country\n\n- you were lawfully resident in that EEA country or Switzerland with your British family member\n\n- your family member returned to the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must provide:\n\n- your valid passport (or ID card if you are an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen)\n\n- your British family member\u2019s valid passport\n\n- evidence of your relationship to your British family member, such as a marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or birth certificate\n\nYou must also provide proof that your British family member was working, self-employed, self-sufficient or studying in the EEA country where you\u2019ve lived together.\n\nExamples of proof include employer\u2019s letters, wage slips, contracts, bank statements, proof of tax registration, or proof of enrolment and attendance for study.\n\nCheck the other evidence you usually need for an EEA family permit.\n\n## Make a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application for an EEA family permit\n\nYou must apply online for an EEA family permit.\n\nYou must be outside the UK to apply.\n\n## EEA family permit: retained right of residence\n\nThe EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later. To come to the UK after 30 June 2021, you might be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nYou may be able to apply for an EEA family permit if you previously had a right to reside in the UK either:\n\n- as the family member of an EU, EEA, Swiss citizen\n\n- from living in the EU, EEA or Switzerland with a British citizen\n\nThis is called a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019. You may have it if:\n\n- your eligible family member died\n\n- you\u2019re their child, they died or left the UK, and you are in education in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve had a child with them, they died or left the UK, and the child is in education in the UK\n\n- they divorced you or a member of your family\n\n- the relationship has broken down because of domestic abuse or violence\n\nYou must also meet other requirements to be eligible for a retained right of residence - read how applications are decided.\n\n## If your family member has died\n\nYou can apply if you lived continuously in the UK as their family member for at least one year immediately before their death.\n\n## If you\u2019re in education in the UK\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re in education in the UK and one of the following is true:\n\n- you\u2019re the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died\n\n- one of your parents is the spouse or civil partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died\n\n- one of your parents was previously the spouse or civil partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died\n\nIf you qualify through any of these circumstances, your parent is also eligible for retained right of residence if they have custody of you.\n\n## If you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership\n\nYou can apply if your marriage or civil partnership to an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen ended with a divorce, annulment or dissolution, and you lived in the UK when it ended.\n\nOne of the following must also apply:\n\n- the marriage or civil partnership lasted for at least 3 years and you\u2019d both been living in the UK for at least one year during that time\n\n- you have custody of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child\n\n- you have been given right of access in the UK to the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child - the child must be under 18\n\n- you or another family member was the victim of domestic abuse in the marriage or civil partnership\n\nYou can also apply if a family member had an eligible marriage or civil partnership and you lived in the UK when it ended. You must be their:\n\n- child or grandchild under 21 years old\n\n- dependent child or grandchild over the age of 21\n\n- dependent parent or grandparent\n\n## If you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence\n\nYou can apply if your family relationship with an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen has broken down permanently because of domestic abuse or violence.\n\nYou can apply if you are or were their:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- unmarried partner (\u2018durable partner\u2019)\n\n- child or grandchild under 21 years old\n\n- dependent child or grandchild over the age of 21\n\n- dependent parent or grandparent\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou will need to provide evidence proving:\n\n- your eligibility\n\n- your family member\u2019s eligibility\n\n- your relationship\n\nCheck the evidence you usually need for an EEA family permit.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide extra evidence depending on how you\u2019re claiming your retained right of residence.\n\n## Evidence if your family member has died\n\nWhere appropriate, you\u2019ll also have to provide:\n\n- their death certificate and cause of death\n\n- evidence that you and your family member were living in the UK for a year before their death\n\n- evidence of their employment, if they were employed\n\n## Evidence if you\u2019re in education in the UK\n\nWhere appropriate, you\u2019ll also have to provide evidence that:\n\n- your family member died\n\n- your family member left the UK\n\n- you were in education in the UK at the time your family member died or left the UK, and that you still are\n\n- you have custody of the child of the family member who died or left the UK\n\n## Evidence if you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership\n\nWhere appropriate, you\u2019ll also have to provide evidence that:\n\n- the marriage or civil partnership ended in divorce, annulment or dissolution\n\n- you\u2019d been living together in the UK for at least a year\n\n- you have custody of or the right of access to the child of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- domestic violence or abuse took place\n\n## Evidence if you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence\n\nYou will have to provide evidence that:\n\n- the relevant family relationship has broken down permanently as a result of domestic violence or abuse\n\n- you were resident in the UK when that family relationship broke down\n\n## Make a retained right of residence application for a family permit\n\nYou must apply online for an EEA family permit.\n\nYou must be outside the UK to apply.\n\n## EEA family permit: derivative right of residence\n\nThe EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later.\n\nYou can apply for a family permit if you have a \u2018derivative right of residence\u2019 as the:\n\n- primary carer of an EU, EEA or Swiss child in the UK who is financially independent (\u2018self-sufficient\u2019)\n\n- child of an EU, EEA or Swiss former worker and you\u2019re currently in education in the UK\n\n- primary carer of a child of an EU, EEA or Swiss former worker and the child is currently in education in the UK\n\n- primary carer of a British child who is residing in the UK and would be forced to leave if their primary carer wasn\u2019t in the UK\n\n- primary carer of a British dependent adult who is residing in the UK and would be forced to leave if their primary carer wasn\u2019t in the UK\n\n- child of a primary carer who qualifies through one of these categories\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.\n\nAs a \u2018primary carer\u2019, you have responsibility for the day to day care of a person, including making decisions about their education, health, and finances. You must be a family member or their legal guardian, and can be their main carer or share that responsibility with someone else.\n\nFind out more about derivative rights of residence in the caseworker guidance:\n\n- Ibrahim-Teixeira cases\n\n- Ruiz Zambrano cases\n\n- Chen cases\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou will need to provide evidence proving:\n\n- your eligibility\n\n- your family member\u2019s eligibility\n\n- your relationship\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide information about the person you care for, including proof:\n\n- that they\u2019re dependent on you, and were before 1 January 2021, such as court orders or details of care responsibilities\n\n- that they\u2019re living in the UK, such as tenancy agreements, utility bills or bank statements\n\n- that children who are EU, EEA or Swiss citizens are financially independent (\u2018self-sufficient\u2019) and have full health insurance (\u2018comprehensive sickness insurance\u2019) in the UK\n\nYou may also need to provide extra evidence depending on how you\u2019re claiming your derivative right of residence.\n\n## Children of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizens who used to work in the UK\n\nYou must show that:\n\n- you\u2019re in education in the UK, for example a letter from the school\n\n- you were in the UK when your EU, EEA or Swiss parent was working in the UK\n\n- you were in education in the UK at a time when your EU, EEA or Swiss parent was also present in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\n## Make a derivative right of residence application for a family permit\n\nYou must apply online for an EEA family permit.\n\nYou must be outside the UK to apply.\n\n## After you get a family permit\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use your EUSS family permit to come and go from the UK as many times as you want. It also allows you to work or study in the UK.\n\nIf you get an EEA family permit you can only use it until 30 June 2021, even if the expiry date on it is later.\n\n## When you arrive in the UK\n\nYou can use an automatic ePassport gate if you have a family permit and you\u2019re from:\n\n- Australia\n\n- Canada\n\n- the EEA\n\n- Japan\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Singapore\n\n- South Korea\n\n- Switzerland\n\nOtherwise, see a border control officer instead. They will check your permit.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nIf you applied for an EEA family permit on or before 30 December 2020, it will be valid for 6 months. If you applied after that, it will stop being valid on 30 June 2021, even if the expiry date on it is later.\n\nAn EUSS family permit is valid for 6 months, unless:\n\n- you plan to arrive in the UK on or after 1 April 2021\n\n- your application is approved more than three months ahead of your planned arrival date\n\nIn this case, it\u2019s valid for 4 months from your planned arrival date.\n\n## Staying in the UK after your family permit expires\n\nThere will be no change to the residence rights and status of EU, EEA or Swiss citizens resident in the UK by 31 December 2020, and their family members, until 30 June 2021.\n\nYou can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living in the UK after your family permit expires. You must apply on or before 30 June 2021, or within 3 months of when you first arrive in the UK, whichever is later.\n\nYou might be able to apply later if you can show \u2018reasonable grounds\u2019 (such as medical reasons, or being the victim of domestic abuse) for why you could not apply by the deadline.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

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    You may be able to get a permit to come to the UK if you\u2019re the family member of either:

    ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018person of Northern Ireland\u2019
    • ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    The family of some British citizens can also get a permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    There are 2 different family permits:

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  • the EU Settlement Scheme family permit
    • ", + "
  • the EEA family permit
    • ", + "

    What family permits are for

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    A family permit makes it easier to travel with your family member to the UK or to join them there.

    ", + "

    It lets you come to the UK for up to 6 months. You can work and study, and come and go as many times as you want.

    ", + "

    Without one, you might not get a boarding pass or may be refused entry into the UK.

    ", + "

    You can stay longer in the UK if you\u2019re eligible for the EU Settlement Scheme. You can either:

    ", + "
  • apply for a family permit before you come to the UK, and then apply to the EU Settlement Scheme once you\u2019re here
    • ", + "
  • apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK, if you\u2019re eligible to do so
    • ", + "

    EU Settlement Scheme family permit

    ", + "

    You can apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit if you\u2019re the close family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who was living in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    Find out more about applying for an EUSS family permit to join an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.

    ", + "

    You can also apply:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019ve lived in the EU, EEA or Switzerland with an eligible family member who\u2019s a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • if you have the right to stay in the UK as the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has died, left the UK, is no longer your spouse or civil partner or with whom the family relationship has broken down - this is called \u2018retained right of residence\u2019
    • ", + "

    EEA family permit

    ", + "

    The EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later. To come to the UK after 30 June 2021, you might be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    You can apply for an EEA family permit if you\u2019re the close family member or unmarried partner of a person from the EU, EEA or Switzerland. Your family relationship must have started by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    If you apply for an EEA family permit and do not get a decision by 30 June 2021, you\u2019ll need to apply for a different way to travel to the UK, such as an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    Find out more about applying for the EEA family permit to join an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible for an EEA family permit:

    ", + "
  • with a \u2018derivative right of residence\u2019 - you might have this if you\u2019re the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss dependant, the primary carer\u2019s child, or the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who previously worked in the UK
    • ", + "
  • if you can make a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application after living in an EEA country or Switzerland with a British family member
    • ", + "
  • with a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019 - you might have this if you have the right to stay in the UK as the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has died, left the UK or is no longer your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "

    Fees

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    Both family permits are free.

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    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, check how long your permit lasts and when you can apply to stay longer in the UK.

    ", + "

    EU Settlement Scheme family permit: join an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen

    ", + "

    You can apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the eligible family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, or a \u2018person of Northern Ireland\u2019
    • ", + "
  • your family relationship began by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • your family member was living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • your family member is in the UK already or traveling with you to the UK within 6 months of your application
    • ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    Children who were born or adopted after 31 December 2020 may also be eligible, if they\u2019re the child of either:

    ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "

    Eligible family members

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    You can join your:

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  • spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • child or grandchild aged under 21
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  • dependent child or grandchild of any age
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  • dependent parent or grandparent
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    This includes family members who were adopted under an adoption order that\u2019s recognised in UK law.

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    Spouses and civil partners of Swiss citizens

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    If you\u2019re married to or in a civil partnership with an eligible Swiss citizen, the rules are different.

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    You\u2019ll still be eligible if:

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  • you got engaged or formed your partnership after 31 December 2020
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  • you\u2019re still together when you apply
    • ", + "

    Who you can join

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    The person you\u2019re joining must be one of the following:

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  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • a person of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • someone who lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before also getting British citizenship
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  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who is exempt from immigration control
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  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who travels regularly to work in the UK but lives outside of the UK (also known as a \u2018frontier worker\u2019)
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  • a British citizen who also has dual EU, EEA or Swiss nationality and was settled in the UK before 16 July 2012 without using their free movement rights (also known as a \u2018McCarthy\u2019 case)
    • ", + "

    Your family member must meet the eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme even if they have not applied or cannot apply. This means that they:

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  • were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • pass criminal record checks
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re joining a person of Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    To be an eligible person of Northern Ireland, the person you\u2019re joining must:

    ", + "
  • have been born in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • have British, Irish or dual British and Irish citizenship
    • ", + "

    At the time of your family member\u2019s birth, one of their parents must have been:

    ", + "
  • a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • a Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • a dual British and Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • entitled to reside in Northern Ireland with no restriction on their period of residence
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re joining an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who lived in the UK before getting British citizenship

    ", + "

    To be eligible the person you\u2019re joining must:

    ", + "
  • be an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • have become a naturalised British citizen after working, studying or being self-sufficient in the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re joining an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who is exempt from immigration control

    ", + "

    The person you\u2019re joining must be:

    ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • exempt from immigration control
    • ", + "

    They cannot also be a British citizen.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re joining a frontier worker

    ", + "

    The person you\u2019re joining must:

    ", + "
  • be an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • have been working in the UK by 31 December 2020 as an employee or self-employed person
    • ", + "
  • be primarily resident in another country that is not the UK
    • ", + "
  • have been a frontier worker continuously since 1 January 2021
    • ", + "

    They cannot also be a British citizen.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your relationship to your EEA family member, for example a marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or birth certificate
    • ", + "

    You can provide a valid national identity card instead of your passport if you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.

    ", + "

    If the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen family member you are joining has applied to the EU Settlement Scheme you must provide their application number.

    ", + "

    If they have not applied to the EU Settlement Scheme you must provide both:

    ", + "
  • their valid EU, EEA or Swiss passport or national identity card
    • ", + "
  • evidence that they would be eligible for the EU Settlement Scheme if they had applied
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to show that they meet the other eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme even if they cannot apply - for example, if they have British as well as EU, EEA or Swiss citizenship.

    ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re a spouse or civil partner

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a spouse or civil partner, you must show that you were engaged or formed a civil partnership by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    To do this, you must provide either:

    ", + "
  • a marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "
  • a document issued under the EEA regulations as the spouse or civil partner of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen - for example a family permit or residence card
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re married to or in civil partnership with a Swiss citizen who was resident in the UK by 31 December 2020, the rules are different. You may be eligible if you got married or entered into your partnership any time before 1 January 2026, and the relationship still exists when you apply.

    ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re an unmarried partner

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an unmarried partner you\u2019ll need to provide evidence that you were in your long-term relationship by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    This usually means showing that you had been living together for 2 years. Evidence could include:

    ", + "
  • bank statements, utility bills or official correspondence that shows you and your partner at the same address
    • ", + "
  • documents showing joint finances, like a tax return
    • ", + "
  • birth certificates or custody agreements showing that you shared responsibility for children while living together
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide evidence that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re still together when you apply
    • ", + "
  • if you were resident in the UK before 1 January 2021, evidence that you were legally resident during that time
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re a dependent child, grandchild, parent or grandparent

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to provide evidence that you\u2019re related to your EU, EEA or Swiss family member, such as a birth certificate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to show that you are dependent on them if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re over 21 and a dependent child or grandchild of your family member
    • ", + "
  • your family member is under 18 and you\u2019re their dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    Examples of the evidence you can provide include:

    ", + "
  • bank statements or money transfers that show you depend on them financially
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you depend on them for health care, for example a letter from a hospital consultant
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a dependent parent or grandparent, you will not need to show dependency if your spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner has successfully applied for either:

    ", + "
  • an EU Settlement Scheme family permit
    • ", + "
  • the EU Settlement Scheme as the dependent parent of your EEA family member
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re the family member of a person of Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a birth certificate or passport showing that your family member was born in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    If they qualify as an Irish citizen alone, you must provide their original passport or national identity card and not a copy.

    ", + "

    You must also provide evidence that, at the time of your family member\u2019s birth, one of their parents was:

    ", + "
  • a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • a Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • a dual British and Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • entitled to reside in Northern Ireland with no restriction on their period of residence
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re joining a person who is exempt from immigration control

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence showing that:

    ", + "
  • they are exempt from immigration controls, for example a letter from a UK or foreign ministry
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019d meet the other eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme if they made an application before 1 July 2021 (even though they cannot actually apply)
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re joining a frontier worker

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide their frontier worker permit, or evidence that shows that they would be issued one if they applied.

    ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re joining a person with dual citizenship

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide evidence that shows:

    ", + "
  • your family member is a British citizen - for example a copy of their passport
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019d meet the other eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme if they made an application before 1 July 2021, even though they cannot apply
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying on the grounds that your family member was settled in the UK before 16 July 2012\nwithout using their free movement rights (also known as a \u2018McCarthy\u2019 case), you\u2019ll have to show that on 16 July 2012 you had either:

    ", + "
  • a right of permanent residence in the UK
    • ", + "
  • a document issued under EEA regulations, for example a residence card
    • ", + "

    Apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no deadline for applications.

    ", + "

    EU Settlement Scheme family permit: join a British citizen

    ", + "

    You can apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK before 29 March 2022 if you\u2019ve lived in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland with an eligible family member who\u2019s a British citizen.

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    You must have lived with them in that country before 1 January 2021, and be:

    ", + "
  • their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • under 21 years old, and are their child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • 21 years or older, and are their dependent child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • their dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "
  • another dependent relative
    • ", + "

    This includes family members who were adopted under an adoption order that\u2019s recognised in UK law.

    ", + "

    The country that you lived in together must have been your main residence. Your British family member must also have been working (including on a posting with HM Armed Forces), studying or self-sufficient in the country while there.

    ", + "

    The relationship with your family member must have existed before 1 February 2020 for you to be eligible to apply, unless you have reasonable grounds for not returning to the UK before 1 January 2021.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must provide:

    ", + "
  • your valid passport (or ID card if you are an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen)
    • ", + "
  • your British family member\u2019s valid passport
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your relationship to your British family member, such as a marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or birth certificate
    • ", + "

    Both you and your British family member must provide documents proving that you lived in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) as your main residence. The documents must show:

    ", + "
  • that you\u2019ve lived together in that country
    • ", + "
  • your addresses
    • ", + "
  • time spent living at each address
    • ", + "
  • any proof of renting or buying a home
    • ", + "

    You must also provide proof that your British family member was working, self-employed, self-sufficient or studying in the country where you\u2019ve lived together.

    ", + "

    Examples of proof include employer\u2019s letters, wage slips, contracts, bank statements, proof of tax registration, or proof of enrolment and attendance for study.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a dependent child, grandchild, parent or grandparent or relative

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide proof of your dependency if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a dependent child or grandchild of your British family member, or their spouse or civil partner, and you\u2019re over 21
    • ", + "
  • a dependent parent or grandparent of your British family member, or their spouse or civil partner, and they are under 18
    • ", + "
  • another relative and you are dependent on your British family member, or their spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "

    Apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no deadline for applications.

    ", + "

    EU Settlement Scheme family permit: retained right of residence

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit if you previously had a right to reside in the UK either:

    ", + "
  • as the family member of an EU, EEA, Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • from living in the EU, EEA or Switzerland with a British citizen
    • ", + "

    This is called a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019. You may have it if:

    ", + "
  • your eligible family member died
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re their child, they died or left the UK, and you are in education in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a child with them, they died or left the UK, and the child is in education in the UK
    • ", + "
  • they divorced you or a member of your family
    • ", + "
  • the relationship has broken down because of domestic abuse or violence
    • ", + "

    You must also meet other requirements to be eligible for a retained right of residence - read how applications are decided.

    ", + "

    If your family member has died

    ", + "

    You can apply if you lived continuously in the UK as their family member for at least one year immediately before their death.

    ", + "

    You can also apply if:

    ", + "
  • you lived in the UK as their family member immediately before their death
    • ", + "
  • they were resident in the UK as a worker or self employed person at the time of their death
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019d been resident as a worker or self employed person for at least two years
    • ", + "

    If they died as the result of an accident at work or occupational disease, they do not have to have been resident for 2 years.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in education in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re in education in the UK and one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child of an eligible EU, EEA, Swiss or British citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "
  • one of your parents is the spouse or civil partner of an eligible EU, EEA, Swiss or British citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "
  • one of your parents was previously the spouse or civil partner of an eligible EU, EEA, Swiss or British citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "

    If you qualify through any of these circumstances, your parent may also be eligible if they have custody of you.

    ", + "

    If you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    You can apply if you stopped being the family member of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen after their marriage or civil partnership ended with a divorce, annulment or dissolution, and you lived in the UK when it ended.

    ", + "

    One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • the marriage or civil partnership lasted for at least 3 years and the couple had both been living in the UK for at least one year during that time
    • ", + "
  • you have custody of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child
    • ", + "
  • you have been given right of access in the UK to the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child and the child is under 18
    • ", + "
  • you or another family member was the victim of domestic violence or abuse in the marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "

    You can also apply if a family member had an eligible marriage or civil partnership and you lived in the UK when it ended. You must be their:

    ", + "
  • child or grandchild under 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • dependent child or grandchild over the age of 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    If you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence

    ", + "

    You can apply if your family relationship with an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen has broken down permanently because of domestic abuse or violence.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you are or were their:

    ", + "
  • spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • child or grandchild under 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • dependent child or grandchild over the age of 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must provide:

    ", + "
  • your family member\u2019s valid passport
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your relationship to them, for example a marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have been continuously resident in the UK
    • ", + "

    You can provide a valid national identity card instead of their passport if they\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.

    ", + "

    You must also provide evidence that your family member meets the eligibility criteria for the EU Settlement Scheme, even if they cannot apply.

    ", + "

    Evidence if your family member has died

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to provide:

    ", + "
  • their death certificate and cause of death
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your and your family member\u2019s residence in the UK
    • ", + "
  • evidence of their employment, if they were employed
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re in education in the UK

    ", + "

    Where appropriate, you will have to provide evidence that:

    ", + "
  • your family member died - for example, a death certificate
    • ", + "
  • you were in education in the UK at the time your family member died or left the UK, and that you still are
    • ", + "
  • your family member left the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have custody of the child of the family member who died or left the UK
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    Where appropriate, you will have to provide evidence that:

    ", + "
  • the marriage or civil partnership ended in divorce, annulment or dissolution
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019d been living together in the UK for at least a year
    • ", + "
  • you have custody of or the right of access to the child of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • domestic violence or abuse took place
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence

    ", + "

    You will have to provide evidence that:

    ", + "
  • the family relationship has broken down permanently as a result of domestic violence or abuse
    • ", + "
  • you were resident in the UK when that family relationship broke down
    • ", + "

    Apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no deadline for applications.

    ", + "

    EEA family permit

    ", + "

    The EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later. To come to the UK after 30 June 2021, you might be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    You can still apply for an EEA family permit if you\u2019re the close family member or unmarried partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who is a qualified person or has a right of permanent residence in the UK.

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    Apply to the EU Settlement Scheme family permit instead if your family member has or is eligible for \u2018settled\u2019 or \u2018pre-settled\u2019 status under the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Family members you can join

    ", + "

    You must be their:

    ", + "
  • spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • unmarried partner in a lasting relationship
    • ", + "
  • child or grandchild aged under 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent child or grandchild of any age
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    This includes family members who were adopted under an adoption order that\u2019s recognised in UK law.

    ", + "

    Your family relationship must have started by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    The family member you\u2019re joining must:

    ", + "
  • have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • have been working, looking for work, studying or self-sufficient while living here
    • ", + "
  • have a right of permanent residence in the UK
    • ", + "

    Extended family members

    ", + "

    You can no longer apply for an EEA family permit if you are the extended family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, for example their:

    ", + "
  • brother or sister
    • ", + "
  • aunt or uncle
    • ", + "
  • cousin
    • ", + "
  • niece or nephew
    • ", + "

    Unmarried partners in a lasting relationship (\u2018durable partners\u2019) can continue to apply for EEA family permits until 30 June 2021. The permit will not be valid after 30 June 2021, even if the expiry date on it is later.

    ", + "

    Other ways to get an EEA family permit

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible:

    ", + "
  • with a \u2018derivative right of residence\u2019 - you might have this if you\u2019re the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, the primary carer\u2019s child, or the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who previously worked in the UK
    • ", + "
  • if you can make a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application after living in an EU, EEA country or Switzerland with a British family member
    • ", + "
  • with a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019 - you might have this if you have the right to stay in the UK as the family member of EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has died, left the UK or is no longer your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "

    You must also have had the right to reside in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport
    • ", + "
  • 2 passport size colour photographs
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your relationship to your family member \u2013 for example a birth certificate, marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or proof that you\u2019ve lived together for 2 years
    • ", + "
  • your family member\u2019s valid passport or national identity card (or a certified copy if you cannot provide the original)
    • ", + "
  • evidence that your EU, EEA or Swiss citizen family member was resident in the UK by 31 December 2020\nIf your family member has been in the UK for more than 3 months, you must show that they have a permanent residence document or provide evidence that they are:
    • ", + "
  • working - for example an employment contract, wage slips or a letter from an employer
    • ", + "
  • self-employed - for example contracts, invoices or audited accounts with bank statements
    • ", + "
  • studying - for example a letter from the school, college or university
    • ", + "
  • financially independent (\u2018self-sufficient\u2019) - for example bank statements
    • ", + "

    Your partner must have full health insurance (comprehensive sickness insurance) if they\u2019re studying or self-sufficient.

    ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re a dependent relative

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to provide evidence that you\u2019re related to your family member, such as a birth certificate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to show that you are dependent on them, for example:

    ", + "
  • bank statements or money transfers that show you depend on them financially
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you depend on them for health care, for example a letter from a hospital consultant
    • ", + "

    See more examples of each type of evidence.

    ", + "

    Apply for an EEA family permit

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an EEA family permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    EEA family permit: Surinder Singh

    ", + "

    The EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later. To come to the UK after 30 June 2021, you might be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    You can apply for an EEA family permit if you\u2019ve lived in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland with an eligible family member who\u2019s a British citizen. This is also known as a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application.

    ", + "

    You must have lived with them in that country before 1 January 2021, and be:

    ", + "
  • their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner (\u2018durable partner\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • under 21 years old, and are their child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • 21 years or older, and are their dependent child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • their dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    This includes family members who were adopted under an adoption order that\u2019s recognised in UK law.

    ", + "

    The country that you lived in together must have been your main residence. Your British family member must also have been working, studying or self-sufficient in the country while there.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for an EEA family permit you must prove that:

    ", + "
  • your British family member was resident in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland and was either a worker, a self-employed person, a self-sufficient person, a student, or a person with a right of permanent residence in that country
    • ", + "
  • you were lawfully resident in that EEA country or Switzerland with your British family member
    • ", + "
  • your family member returned to the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must provide:

    ", + "
  • your valid passport (or ID card if you are an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen)
    • ", + "
  • your British family member\u2019s valid passport
    • ", + "
  • evidence of your relationship to your British family member, such as a marriage certificate, civil partnership certificate or birth certificate
    • ", + "

    You must also provide proof that your British family member was working, self-employed, self-sufficient or studying in the EEA country where you\u2019ve lived together.

    ", + "

    Examples of proof include employer\u2019s letters, wage slips, contracts, bank statements, proof of tax registration, or proof of enrolment and attendance for study.

    ", + "

    Check the other evidence you usually need for an EEA family permit.

    ", + "

    Make a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application for an EEA family permit

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an EEA family permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    EEA family permit: retained right of residence

    ", + "

    The EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later. To come to the UK after 30 June 2021, you might be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for an EEA family permit if you previously had a right to reside in the UK either:

    ", + "
  • as the family member of an EU, EEA, Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • from living in the EU, EEA or Switzerland with a British citizen
    • ", + "

    This is called a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019. You may have it if:

    ", + "
  • your eligible family member died
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re their child, they died or left the UK, and you are in education in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a child with them, they died or left the UK, and the child is in education in the UK
    • ", + "
  • they divorced you or a member of your family
    • ", + "
  • the relationship has broken down because of domestic abuse or violence
    • ", + "

    You must also meet other requirements to be eligible for a retained right of residence - read how applications are decided.

    ", + "

    If your family member has died

    ", + "

    You can apply if you lived continuously in the UK as their family member for at least one year immediately before their death.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in education in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re in education in the UK and one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "
  • one of your parents is the spouse or civil partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "
  • one of your parents was previously the spouse or civil partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "

    If you qualify through any of these circumstances, your parent is also eligible for retained right of residence if they have custody of you.

    ", + "

    If you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    You can apply if your marriage or civil partnership to an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen ended with a divorce, annulment or dissolution, and you lived in the UK when it ended.

    ", + "

    One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • the marriage or civil partnership lasted for at least 3 years and you\u2019d both been living in the UK for at least one year during that time
    • ", + "
  • you have custody of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child
    • ", + "
  • you have been given right of access in the UK to the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child - the child must be under 18
    • ", + "
  • you or another family member was the victim of domestic abuse in the marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "

    You can also apply if a family member had an eligible marriage or civil partnership and you lived in the UK when it ended. You must be their:

    ", + "
  • child or grandchild under 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • dependent child or grandchild over the age of 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    If you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence

    ", + "

    You can apply if your family relationship with an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen has broken down permanently because of domestic abuse or violence.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you are or were their:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • unmarried partner (\u2018durable partner\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • child or grandchild under 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • dependent child or grandchild over the age of 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You will need to provide evidence proving:

    ", + "
  • your eligibility
    • ", + "
  • your family member\u2019s eligibility
    • ", + "
  • your relationship
    • ", + "

    Check the evidence you usually need for an EEA family permit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide extra evidence depending on how you\u2019re claiming your retained right of residence.

    ", + "

    Evidence if your family member has died

    ", + "

    Where appropriate, you\u2019ll also have to provide:

    ", + "
  • their death certificate and cause of death
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you and your family member were living in the UK for a year before their death
    • ", + "
  • evidence of their employment, if they were employed
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you\u2019re in education in the UK

    ", + "

    Where appropriate, you\u2019ll also have to provide evidence that:

    ", + "
  • your family member died
    • ", + "
  • your family member left the UK
    • ", + "
  • you were in education in the UK at the time your family member died or left the UK, and that you still are
    • ", + "
  • you have custody of the child of the family member who died or left the UK
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    Where appropriate, you\u2019ll also have to provide evidence that:

    ", + "
  • the marriage or civil partnership ended in divorce, annulment or dissolution
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019d been living together in the UK for at least a year
    • ", + "
  • you have custody of or the right of access to the child of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • domestic violence or abuse took place
    • ", + "

    Evidence if you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence

    ", + "

    You will have to provide evidence that:

    ", + "
  • the relevant family relationship has broken down permanently as a result of domestic violence or abuse
    • ", + "
  • you were resident in the UK when that family relationship broke down
    • ", + "

    Make a retained right of residence application for a family permit

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an EEA family permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    EEA family permit: derivative right of residence

    ", + "

    The EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a family permit if you have a \u2018derivative right of residence\u2019 as the:

    ", + "
  • primary carer of an EU, EEA or Swiss child in the UK who is financially independent (\u2018self-sufficient\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • child of an EU, EEA or Swiss former worker and you\u2019re currently in education in the UK
    • ", + "
  • primary carer of a child of an EU, EEA or Swiss former worker and the child is currently in education in the UK
    • ", + "
  • primary carer of a British child who is residing in the UK and would be forced to leave if their primary carer wasn\u2019t in the UK
    • ", + "
  • primary carer of a British dependent adult who is residing in the UK and would be forced to leave if their primary carer wasn\u2019t in the UK
    • ", + "
  • child of a primary carer who qualifies through one of these categories
    • ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    As a \u2018primary carer\u2019, you have responsibility for the day to day care of a person, including making decisions about their education, health, and finances. You must be a family member or their legal guardian, and can be their main carer or share that responsibility with someone else.

    ", + "

    Find out more about derivative rights of residence in the caseworker guidance:

    ", + "
  • Ibrahim-Teixeira cases
    • ", + "
  • Ruiz Zambrano cases
    • ", + "
  • Chen cases
    • ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You will need to provide evidence proving:

    ", + "
  • your eligibility
    • ", + "
  • your family member\u2019s eligibility
    • ", + "
  • your relationship
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to provide information about the person you care for, including proof:

    ", + "
  • that they\u2019re dependent on you, and were before 1 January 2021, such as court orders or details of care responsibilities
    • ", + "
  • that they\u2019re living in the UK, such as tenancy agreements, utility bills or bank statements
    • ", + "
  • that children who are EU, EEA or Swiss citizens are financially independent (\u2018self-sufficient\u2019) and have full health insurance (\u2018comprehensive sickness insurance\u2019) in the UK
    • ", + "

    You may also need to provide extra evidence depending on how you\u2019re claiming your derivative right of residence.

    ", + "

    Children of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizens who used to work in the UK

    ", + "

    You must show that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in education in the UK, for example a letter from the school
    • ", + "
  • you were in the UK when your EU, EEA or Swiss parent was working in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you were in education in the UK at a time when your EU, EEA or Swiss parent was also present in the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    Make a derivative right of residence application for a family permit

    ", + "

    You must apply online for an EEA family permit.

    ", + "

    You must be outside the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    After you get a family permit

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to use your EUSS family permit to come and go from the UK as many times as you want. It also allows you to work or study in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you get an EEA family permit you can only use it until 30 June 2021, even if the expiry date on it is later.

    ", + "

    When you arrive in the UK

    ", + "

    You can use an automatic ePassport gate if you have a family permit and you\u2019re from:

    ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • the EEA
    • ", + "
  • Japan
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • Singapore
    • ", + "
  • South Korea
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, see a border control officer instead. They will check your permit.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    If you applied for an EEA family permit on or before 30 December 2020, it will be valid for 6 months. If you applied after that, it will stop being valid on 30 June 2021, even if the expiry date on it is later.

    ", + "

    An EUSS family permit is valid for 6 months, unless:

    ", + "
  • you plan to arrive in the UK on or after 1 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • your application is approved more than three months ahead of your planned arrival date
    • ", + "

    In this case, it\u2019s valid for 4 months from your planned arrival date.

    ", + "

    Staying in the UK after your family permit expires

    ", + "

    There will be no change to the residence rights and status of EU, EEA or Swiss citizens resident in the UK by 31 December 2020, and their family members, until 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living in the UK after your family permit expires. You must apply on or before 30 June 2021, or within 3 months of when you first arrive in the UK, whichever is later.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply later if you can show \u2018reasonable grounds\u2019 (such as medical reasons, or being the victim of domestic abuse) for why you could not apply by the deadline.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/visas-partner-dies": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/visas-partner-dies", + "title": "Apply to settle in the UK if your partner dies", + "content": "## Overview and fees\n\nYou may be eligible to apply for settlement (indefinite leave to remain in the UK) if your partner has died. Your partner must have either:\n\n- been a British citizen\n\n- had indefinite leave to remain in the UK\n\n- been from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and had pre-settled status\n\nYour permission to be in the UK must have been based on being their partner as part of a family visa. A \u2018partner\u2019 is one of the following:\n\n- your spouse (husband or wife)\n\n- your civil partner\n\n- someone you were living with in a relationship that\u2019s like a marriage or civil partnership\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou can apply any time after your partner\u2019s death. You do not have to wait until your current visa expires.\n\nYou must be in the UK when you apply.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe application fee is \u00a32,389.\n\nYou also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\nIf you have family members applying for settlement with you, you\u2019ll need to pay the \u00a32,389 application fee and the \u00a319.20 biometric information fee for each person.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nGetting indefinite leave to remain means you can continue to live and work in the UK for as long as you like. It will also mean you\u2019re eligible:\n\n- to work in any job\n\n- to run a business\n\n- for public services, such as healthcare and schools\n\n- for public funds and pensions\n\n- for British citizenship, if you meet the requirements\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour permission to be in the UK must be based on your relationship.\n\nBefore your partner died, you must have got a family visa as their partner (but not as their fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner).\n\nWhen your partner died, you must have:\n\n- been living together in the UK\n\n- intended to live together permanently in the UK\n\nYour partner must not have been living permanently in any another country.\n\nYou do not need to take the Life in the UK Test or prove your English language skills.\n\n## When your application can be refused\n\nYour application might be refused if, for example, you\u2019ve:\n\n- got a criminal record in the UK or another country\n\n- provided false or incomplete information to the Home Office\n\n- broken UK immigration law\n\nRead the guidance on why applications can be refused.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- any previous passports you\u2019ve had while living in the UK\n\n- your biometric residence permit, if you have one\n\n- your police registration certificate (unless\u00a0you did not need to register)\n\n- your partner\u2019s death certificate\n\n- proof of your relationship, for example your certificate of marriage or civil partnership\n\n- proof that you and your partner were living together\n\n## Proof that you were living together\n\nYou need documents to show that you lived with your partner until they died, starting from when you got permission to be in the UK as their partner.\n\nProvide 6 official documents addressed to both of you, or each of you individually, at the same address.\n\nInclude as many different types of documents as you can, for example:\n\n- gas, water or electricity bills\n\n- telephone bills\n\n- Council Tax bills\n\n- bank statements and letters\n\n- letters from a government department\n\n- letters about your TV Licence\n\n- tenancy agreements\n\n- mortgage agreement or statements\n\n- letters from your GP, a hospital or health service\n\nYou do not need to take the Life in the UK Test or prove your English language skills.\n\n## Applying for your children\n\nYour children may be eligible to get settlement (indefinite leave to remain in the UK) at the same time as you.\n\nYou can include your children as \u2018dependants\u2019 on your application form if all the following are true:\n\n- they have permission to be in the UK based on being your partner\u2019s dependant\n\n- they were under 18 when this permission was given - it does not matter if they\u2019ve turned 18 since\n\n- they\u2019re going to live with you in the UK\n\n- they\u2019ll have somewhere to live and be financially supported without using public funds\n\n- they\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership\n\nIf your children do not meet these conditions, they may still be able to apply separately. Find out if they can apply to settle in the UK.\n\nYour child\u2019s application can be refused, for example if they\u2019ve broken UK immigration law. Read the guidance on why applications can be refused.\n\n## Documents you must provide for your children\n\nFor each child you include on your application form, you must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- a birth certificate if they were born in the UK\n\n- their biometric residence permit, if they have one\n\n- their police registration certificate if they\u2019re 16 or over (unless\u00a0they did not need to register)\n\n- proof they live permanently with you, for example letters from your child\u2019s school or doctor\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online. You need to be in the UK when you apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\nAny children aged 6 or over must provide biometric information if you\u2019re applying for them on your form.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou\u2019ll be told whether your application has been successful within 6 months.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview and fees

    ", + "

    You may be eligible to apply for settlement (indefinite leave to remain in the UK) if your partner has died. Your partner must have either:

    ", + "
  • been a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • had indefinite leave to remain in the UK
    • ", + "
  • been from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and had pre-settled status
    • ", + "

    Your permission to be in the UK must have been based on being their partner as part of a family visa. A \u2018partner\u2019 is one of the following:

    ", + "
  • your spouse (husband or wife)
    • ", + "
  • your civil partner
    • ", + "
  • someone you were living with in a relationship that\u2019s like a marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply any time after your partner\u2019s death. You do not have to wait until your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You must be in the UK when you apply.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    The application fee is \u00a32,389.

    ", + "

    You also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    If you have family members applying for settlement with you, you\u2019ll need to pay the \u00a32,389 application fee and the \u00a319.20 biometric information fee for each person.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    Getting indefinite leave to remain means you can continue to live and work in the UK for as long as you like. It will also mean you\u2019re eligible:

    ", + "
  • to work in any job
    • ", + "
  • to run a business
    • ", + "
  • for public services, such as healthcare and schools
    • ", + "
  • for public funds and pensions
    • ", + "
  • for British citizenship, if you meet the requirements
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your permission to be in the UK must be based on your relationship.

    ", + "

    Before your partner died, you must have got a family visa as their partner (but not as their fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner).

    ", + "

    When your partner died, you must have:

    ", + "
  • been living together in the UK
    • ", + "
  • intended to live together permanently in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your partner must not have been living permanently in any another country.

    ", + "

    You do not need to take the Life in the UK Test or prove your English language skills.

    ", + "

    When your application can be refused

    ", + "

    Your application might be refused if, for example, you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • got a criminal record in the UK or another country
    • ", + "
  • provided false or incomplete information to the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • broken UK immigration law
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on why applications can be refused.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel identification
    • ", + "
  • any previous passports you\u2019ve had while living in the UK
    • ", + "
  • your biometric residence permit, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • your police registration certificate (unless\u00a0you did not need to register)
    • ", + "
  • your partner\u2019s death certificate
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship, for example your certificate of marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • proof that you and your partner were living together
    • ", + "

    Proof that you were living together

    ", + "

    You need documents to show that you lived with your partner until they died, starting from when you got permission to be in the UK as their partner.

    ", + "

    Provide 6 official documents addressed to both of you, or each of you individually, at the same address.

    ", + "

    Include as many different types of documents as you can, for example:

    ", + "
  • gas, water or electricity bills
    • ", + "
  • telephone bills
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax bills
    • ", + "
  • bank statements and letters
    • ", + "
  • letters from a government department
    • ", + "
  • letters about your TV Licence
    • ", + "
  • tenancy agreements
    • ", + "
  • mortgage agreement or statements
    • ", + "
  • letters from your GP, a hospital or health service
    • ", + "

    You do not need to take the Life in the UK Test or prove your English language skills.

    ", + "

    Applying for your children

    ", + "

    Your children may be eligible to get settlement (indefinite leave to remain in the UK) at the same time as you.

    ", + "

    You can include your children as \u2018dependants\u2019 on your application form if all the following are true:

    ", + "
  • they have permission to be in the UK based on being your partner\u2019s dependant
    • ", + "
  • they were under 18 when this permission was given - it does not matter if they\u2019ve turned 18 since
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re going to live with you in the UK
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ll have somewhere to live and be financially supported without using public funds
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    If your children do not meet these conditions, they may still be able to apply separately. Find out if they can apply to settle in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your child\u2019s application can be refused, for example if they\u2019ve broken UK immigration law. Read the guidance on why applications can be refused.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide for your children

    ", + "

    For each child you include on your application form, you must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel identification
    • ", + "
  • a birth certificate if they were born in the UK
    • ", + "
  • their biometric residence permit, if they have one
    • ", + "
  • their police registration certificate if they\u2019re 16 or over (unless\u00a0they did not need to register)
    • ", + "
  • proof they live permanently with you, for example letters from your child\u2019s school or doctor
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online. You need to be in the UK when you apply.

    ", + "

    Get help using a computer to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with:

    ", + "
  • accessing a computer or the internet
    • ", + "
  • finding the right information on GOV.UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot get advice on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re eligible to apply
    • ", + "
  • what information to put in your application
    • ", + "
  • an application you\u2019ve already made
    • ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    Any children aged 6 or over must provide biometric information if you\u2019re applying for them on your form.

    ", + "

    How long it takes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told whether your application has been successful within 6 months.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/settled-status-eu-citizens-families": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settled-status-eu-citizens-families", + "title": "Apply to the EU Settlement Scheme (settled and pre-settled status)", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, you and your family can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living in the UK after 30 June 2021. You can also apply if you\u2019re the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland.\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either settled or pre-settled status.\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.\n\nYou may be able to stay in the UK without applying - for example, if you\u2019re an Irish citizen or already have indefinite leave to remain.\n\nSign up for email updates about the scheme.\n\n## When you can apply\n\nThe EU Settlement Scheme is open. You can apply now if you meet the criteria.\n\nThe deadline for applying is 30 June 2021. You must usually have started living in the UK by 31 December 2020.\n\nThe deadlines are different in some situations, for example if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying to join a close family member\n\n- the family member of a British citizen (\u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 applications)\n\n- you stop being exempt from immigration control\n\nWhich status you get may depend on when you apply.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply to the scheme.\n\n## Who should apply\n\nExcept in a few cases, you need to apply if:\n\n- you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, but your family member is (or is an eligible person of Northern Ireland)\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.\n\nThis means you need to apply even if you:\n\n- were born in the UK but are not a British citizen - you can check if you\u2019re a British citizen if you\u2019re not sure\n\n- have a UK \u2018permanent residence document\u2019\n\n- are a family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who does not need to apply - including if they\u2019re from Ireland\n\n- are an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen with a British citizen family member\n\nIf you have children, you need to apply for them separately.\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen and you have a family member who is an eligible person of Northern Ireland, you may be able to choose which way you apply.\n\n## Who else can apply\n\nYou can apply to join your EU, EEA or Swiss family member if they started living in the UK by 31 December 2020. You can either:\n\n- apply from outside the UK, if you have a certain type of passport, identity card or residence document\n\n- come to the UK on an EU Settlement Scheme family permit and apply to the settlement scheme once you\u2019re here\n\nYou cannot apply to the EU settlement scheme from inside the UK if you arrived after 31 December 2020 and you\u2019re here:\n\n- on a Standard Visitor visa, Permitted Paid Engagement visa, Parent of a Child Student visa or Transit visa\n\n- without a visa, for example if you came through an e-passport gate\n\nYou also cannot apply if you\u2019re here on a Marriage Visitor visa, unless you\u2019re applying after you have married or entered into a civil partnership with the EU, EEA or Swiss person you\u2019re joining.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply to the settlement scheme. If they choose to, they can apply from within the UK regardless of how they entered.\n\n## If you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\nYou also may be able to apply if:\n\n- you used to have an EU, EEA or Swiss family member living in the UK (but you\u2019ve separated, they\u2019ve died or the family relationship has broken down)\n\n- you\u2019re the family member of a British citizen and you lived outside the UK in an EEA country together\n\n- you\u2019re the family member of a British citizen who also has EU, EEA or Swiss citizenship and who lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before getting British citizenship\n\n- you have a family member who is an eligible person of Northern Ireland\n\n- you\u2019re the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- you\u2019re the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who used to live and work in the UK, or the child\u2019s primary carer\n\n- you\u2019re the family member of a \u2018frontier worker\u2019\n\n## Who does not need to apply\n\nYou do not need to apply if you have:\n\n- indefinite leave to enter the UK\n\n- indefinite leave to remain in the UK\n\n- Irish citizenship (including British and Irish \u2018dual citizenship\u2019)\n\nYou cannot apply if you have British citizenship.\n\n## If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen and you moved to the UK before it joined the EU\n\nYou only need to apply if you do not have indefinite leave to remain. \nIf you do have indefinite leave to remain, you\u2019ll usually have a stamp in your passport or a letter from the Home Office saying this.\n\n## If you work in the UK but do not live here (\u2018frontier worker\u2019)\n\nYou do not need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if you\u2019re a \u2018frontier worker\u2019 or have a Frontier Worker permit.\n\n## If you\u2019re exempt from immigration control\n\nYou do not need to do anything to continue living in the UK while you\u2019re exempt from immigration control.\n\nYou\u2019ll have been told if you\u2019re exempt from immigration control, for example because you\u2019re:\n\n- a foreign diplomat posted in the UK\n\n- a member of NATO\n\nYou can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme at any time, as long as you started living in the UK by 31 December 2020. Your privileges and immunities may change if you get settled status.\n\nIf you stop being exempt, you need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme within 90 days of when you stop being exempt.\n\nIf you apply after 30 June 2021, you\u2019ll need to prove that you\u2019re exempt from immigration control as part of your application.\n\nYour family members may be eligible to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme whether they are exempt from immigration control or not. They can apply at any time, even if you have not yet applied.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nThe rights and status of EU, EEA and Swiss citizens living in the UK by 31 December 2020 will remain the same until 30 June 2021.\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.\n\nIf you apply to the EU Settlement Scheme successfully, you\u2019ll be able to continue living and working in the UK after 30 June 2021.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given either:\n\n- settled status\n\n- pre-settled status\n\nYou will not be asked to choose which you\u2019re applying for. Which status you get depends on how long you\u2019ve been living in the UK when you apply. Your rights will be different depending on which status you get and when you started living in the UK.\n\n## Settled status\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get settled status if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for a continuous 5-year period (known as \u2018continuous residence\u2019)\n\nFive years\u2019 continuous residence means that for 5 years in a row you\u2019ve been in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for at least 6 months in any 12 month period. The exceptions are:\n\n- one period of up to 12 months for an important reason (for example, childbirth, serious illness, study, vocational training or an overseas work posting)\n\n- compulsory military service of any length\n\n- time you spent abroad as a Crown servant, or as the family member of a Crown servant\n\n- time you spent abroad in the armed forces, or as the family member of someone in the armed forces\n\nYou may be considered to be resident in the UK on 31 December 2020 and may be eligible for settled status if you both:\n\n- lived in the UK for a continuous 5-year period in the past\n\n- have not left the UK for more than 5 years in a row since then\n\nYou can stay in the UK as long as you like if you get settled status. You\u2019ll also be able to apply for British citizenship if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Pre-settled status\n\nIf you have not lived in the UK for 5 years in a row (known as \u2018continuous residence\u2019), you\u2019ll usually get pre-settled status. You must have started living in the UK by 31 December 2020 unless you are applying as the existing close family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who started living here by then. You can stay in the UK for a further 5 years from the date you get pre-settled status.\n\nYou can apply to switch to settled status as soon as you\u2019ve had 5 years\u2019 continuous residence. The 5 years is counted from the day you first arrived in the UK. You do not need to have held pre-settled status for 5 years to apply.\n\nYou must apply for settled status before your pre-settled status expires to stay in the UK.\n\nIf you\u2019ll reach 5 years\u2019 continuous residence by 30 June 2021, you can choose to wait until you have 5 years\u2019 residence to apply. This means that you\u2019ll get settled status without having to apply for pre-settled status first if your application is successful.\n\nIf you will not reach 5 years\u2019 continuous residence by 30 June 2021, you cannot wait until after this date to apply. You must apply for pre-settled status by 30 June 2021. You can then switch to settled status once you have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence.\n\n## If you\u2019ve left the UK\n\nYou may be able to get pre-settled status if you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020\nbut you were not here on that date. You must not have left the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for more than 6 months in any 12 month period.\n\nYou may also be eligible if you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, but you left the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for one period of no more than 12 months for an important reason (for example childbirth, serious illness, study, vocational training or an overseas work posting). Your previous residence in the UK will count towards your eligibility for pre-settled status.\n\n## Showing your continuous residence when you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, unless you\u2019re joining your family member who is an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen and they were living here by then.\n\nIf your evidence is older than 6 months, you\u2019ll usually also need evidence to show you were here in the last 6 months. This is to show your continuous residence.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been outside the UK for one period of no more than 12 months, you can use evidence from before you left to show your continuous residence. You must have been outside of the UK for an important reason, for example, due to childbirth, serious illness, study, vocational training or an overseas work posting.\n\nCheck what evidence you can use to show when you started living in the UK, and that you\u2019ve continued to live here.\n\n## Your rights with settled or pre-settled status\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to:\n\n- work in the UK\n\n- use the NHS for free, if you can at the moment\n\n- enrol in education or study in the UK\n\n- access public funds such as benefits and pensions, if you\u2019re eligible for them\n\n- travel in and out of the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll have different rights if you get settled or pre-settled status because you\u2019ve applied to join your EU, EEA or Swiss family member and you arrived in the UK after 31 December 2020. For example, you will not be able to bring your own family members under the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If you want to spend time outside the UK\n\nIf you have settled status, you can spend up to 5 years in a row outside the UK without losing your status.\n\nIf you\u2019re a Swiss citizen, you and your family members can spend up to 4 years in a row outside the UK without losing your settled status.\n\nIf you have pre-settled status, you can spend up to 2 years in a row outside the UK without losing your status. You will need to maintain your continuous residence if you want to qualify for settled status.\n\n## If you have children after applying\n\nIf you get settled status, any children born in the UK while you\u2019re living here will automatically be British citizens.\n\nIf you get pre-settled status, any children born in the UK will be automatically eligible for pre-settled status. They will only be a British citizen if they qualify for it through their other parent.\n\n## If you want to bring family members to the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re a citizen of the EU, EEA or Switzerland, your close family members can join you if all of the following apply:\n\n- you were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- your relationship with them started on or before 31 December 2020 (unless they\u2019re a child born or adopted after that date)\n\n- the relationship still exists when they apply to join you\n\nIf your family member is from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, they can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK if they hold either a valid passport or identity card with a biometric chip.\n\nIf your family member is not from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, they can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK. They must hold a relevant UK document, for example:\n\n- a residence card\n\n- a permanent residence card\n\n- a derivative residence card\n\nOtherwise, they will need to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK. Once they\u2019re in the UK they can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nThey cannot apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from inside the UK if they arrived after 31 December 2020 and they\u2019re here:\n\n- on a Standard Visitor visa, Permitted Paid Engagement visa, Parent of a Child Student visa or Transit visa\n\n- without a visa, for example if they came through an e-passport gate\n\nThey also cannot apply if they\u2019re here on a Marriage Visitor visa, unless they\u2019re applying after you\u2019ve married or entered into a civil partnership with them.\n\nIrish citizens can apply from inside the UK regardless of how they entered.\n\nIf you cannot bring your family member under the EU Settlement Scheme, they may still be able to come here in a different way, for example on a family visa.\n\n## Family members of Swiss citizens\n\nIf you\u2019re a Swiss citizen, you can also bring your spouse or civil partner to the UK until 31 December 2025 if both of the following apply:\n\n- your relationship with them began between 31 December 2020 and 31 December 2025\n\n- you are still in the relationship when they apply to join you\n\n## What you'll need to apply\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU, EEA, or Swiss citizen and you started living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you\u2019ll need proof of:\n\n- your identity\n\n- your residence in the UK, unless you have a valid permanent residence document, or valid indefinite leave to remain in or enter the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide this proof again when you apply to change your pre-settled status for settled status.\n\n## Proof of identity\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, you need a valid passport or valid national identity card. You also need to provide a digital photo of your face.\n\nIf you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, you need to provide one of the following:\n\n- a valid passport\n\n- a valid biometric residence permit\n\n- a valid biometric residence card\n\nYou also need to provide a digital photo of your face. If you do not already have a valid biometric residence card, you will also need to provide your fingerprints (this is not needed for children under 5).\n\nIf you do not have any of these you may be able to use other evidence in certain situations. Contact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre if you do not have any of the listed documents.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for your child, you\u2019ll need to prove their identity. You might also need to prove their residence in the UK.\n\nWhen you apply, you can either:\n\n- scan your document and upload your photo using the \u2018EU Exit: ID Document Check\u2019 app using an Android phone, or an iPhone 7 or above\n\n- send your document in the post and upload your photo using the online application (you can take this yourself)\n\n## Scan your document\n\nYou can use the \u2018EU Exit: ID Document Check\u2019 app on:\n\n- an Android phone\n\n- an iPhone 7 or above\n\nTo scan your documents using a phone, you\u2019ll need one of the following:\n\n- a valid EU, EEA or Swiss passport or ID card, if it\u2019s biometric\n\n- a UK-issued biometric residence card\n\nYou can use someone else\u2019s phone to prove your identity.\n\n## Send your document by post\n\nYou must send your document by post if you have a:\n\n- non-EU or non-EEA passport\n\n- biometric residence permit\n\n- non-biometric ID card\n\nYou can send other types of document in the post if you cannot use the \u2018ID Document Check\u2019 app.\n\n## Proof of continuous residence\n\nTo be eligible for settled status, you usually need to have lived in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for at least 6 months in any 12 month period for 5 years in a row. You need to provide proof of this when you apply.\n\nIf you\u2019ve not lived here for 5 years in a row you may still be eligible for pre-settled status.\n\nIf you arrived in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can give your National Insurance number to allow an automated check of your residence based on tax and certain benefit records.\n\nIf this check is successful, you\u2019ll not need to provide any documents as proof of residence. If you\u2019ve been here for 5 years in a row but there is not enough data to confirm this, you\u2019ll need to provide documents.\n\nThe Home Office will tell you immediately after you apply if you need to provide any documents. You should submit photos or scans of your documents through the online application form, rather than sending them by post.\n\nRead what documents you can provide to the Home Office if you\u2019re asked to provide more evidence.\n\n## If you have criminal convictions\n\nIf you\u2019re 18 or over, the Home Office will check you have not committed serious or repeated crimes, and that you do not pose a security threat.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to declare convictions that appear in your criminal record in the UK or overseas.\n\nYou do not need to declare any of the following:\n\n- convictions that do not need to be disclosed (\u2018spent convictions\u2019)\n\n- warnings (\u2018cautions\u2019)\n\n- alternatives to prosecution, for example speeding fines\n\nYou\u2019ll also be checked against the UK\u2019s crime databases.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be eligible for settled or pre-settled status if you\u2019ve only been convicted of a minor crime.\n\nYou may still get settled or pre-settled status even if you have other convictions. This will be decided on a case-by-case basis.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been to prison, you usually need 5 years\u2019 continuous residence from the day you were released to be considered for settled status.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to join your EU, EEA or Swiss family member\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide proof of your relationship to your family member from the EU, EEA or Switzerland.\n\nIf your family member in the UK does not already have settled or pre-settled status, you will also need to provide proof:\n\n- of their identity\n\n- of their nationality\n\n- that they lived in the UK by 31 December 2020, and have continued living here since\n\nRead what documents you can provide to show when they started living here and have continued living here since.\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.\n\n## Applying for your children\n\nEach child must have their own application. You can apply for your child or they can apply for themselves.\n\nYour child is eligible for settled or pre-settled status if they\u2019re under 21 and either they\u2019re:\n\n- an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, but you are - or your spouse or civil partner is\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.\n\nIf your child was born in the UK but is not a British citizen, they will still need to apply. You can check if they\u2019re a British citizen if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## If you have applied to the EU Settlement Scheme\n\nWhen you apply for your child you can \u2018link\u2019 their application to yours. This means that if your own application is successful, your child will get the same status as you.\n\nTo do this, select the option to apply \u2018using your parent\u2019s residence\u2019, then enter your application number.\n\nYou will need to do this for each child you apply for.\n\nYou can use your own email address in the application if your child does not have one.\n\nYou can apply for your child any time after you\u2019ve made your own application - you do not need to wait for a decision.\n\n## What proof you need\n\nYou\u2019ll need proof of:\n\n- your relationship to your child when you make their application\n\n- your child\u2019s identity\n\n- when your child started living in the UK, if they started living here by 31 December 2020\n\n- your child\u2019s continuous residence in the UK\n\nIf the evidence of when your child started living here is more than 6 months old, you\u2019ll also have to show they were here in the last 6 months.\n\nCheck what evidence you can use to show when your child started living in the UK, and that they\u2019ve continued to live here.\n\n## If you have not applied to the EU Settlement Scheme\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for the scheme, make your own application first so that you can link your child\u2019s application to yours.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for the scheme but your child is, you can still apply for them. For example, if they live in the UK and you do not.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide proof:\n\n- of your child\u2019s identity\n\n- of your child\u2019s UK residence\n\n- that your child has 5 years\u2019 continuous residence in the UK\n\n## If your child does not have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence\n\nIf your child does not have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence when they apply, they\u2019ll usually get pre-settled status.\n\nThey can stay in the UK for a further 5 years from the date they get pre-settled status.\n\nYou can apply to change this to settled status once they have reached 5 years\u2019 continuous residence. You must do this before their pre-settled status expires - this will be 5 years after the date they got pre-settled status.\n\nIf they\u2019ll reach 5 years\u2019 continuous residence by 30 June 2021, you can choose to wait until they reach 5 years\u2019 continuous residence before applying. If their application is successful, they\u2019ll get settled status without getting pre-settled status first.\n\n## If your child is born or adopted after 31 December 2020\n\nYour children are eligible to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if you started living in the UK by 31 December 2020, even if you\u2019ve not yet applied yourself.\n\nIf your child is born or adopted in the UK before 1 April 2021, you must make an application for them by 30 June 2021.\n\nIf your child is born or adopted in the UK on or after 1 April 2021, you must apply within 3 months of the date they were born or adopted. You\u2019ll need to give evidence of their date of birth or the date you adopted them, such as a birth certificate or adoption order.\n\n## If you\u2019re an Irish citizen\n\nYou do not need to apply for settled or pre-settled status if you\u2019re an Irish citizen.\n\nHowever, if you\u2019re an Irish citizen and your child is not a British citizen, they\u2019ll be eligible for either:\n\n- the same status that you could get, based on how long you\u2019ve lived in the UK\n\n- settled or pre-settled status, based on their own residence\n\nThis also applies if you\u2019re from Northern Ireland and have Irish, British or dual British and Irish citizenship, and your child does not have Irish, British or dual citizenship.\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply online for the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Apply to the EU Settlement Scheme\n\nYou can apply using any device, for example, a laptop, Android device or iPhone.\n\nCheck what you\u2019ll need before you apply.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou can apply now if you\u2019re eligible. The deadline for applying is usually 30 June 2021.\n\nYou can also choose to apply later depending on your circumstances.\n\nIf you get pre-settled status, you\u2019ll need to apply again when you\u2019re changing your pre-settled status for settled status.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for yourself and your children, make your own application first.\n\nStart now\n\nThe Home Office will use the personal information you provide to decide whether to grant your application. Find out how the Home Office will process your personal information.\n\n## Continue your application\n\nIf you\u2019ve already started to apply, you can continue your application.\n\n## Who cannot use this service\n\nYou cannot use the online service to apply to the scheme if you\u2019re applying as:\n\n- the family member of a British citizen you lived with in Switzerland or an EU or EEA country\n\n- the family member of a British citizen who also has EU, EEA or Swiss citizenship and who lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before getting British citizenship\n\n- the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who used to live and work in the UK, and you\u2019re in education - or you\u2019re the child\u2019s primary carer\n\nContact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online to find out how to apply.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply to the scheme.\n\nIf you paid a fee when you applied to the EU Settlement Scheme, you\u2019ll get a refund.\n\n## Get help\n\nContact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online.\n\nYou can also get help over the phone.\n\nThe phone number is different if you\u2019re from a local council or another organisation helping others to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re inside the UK\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n## If you\u2019re from an organisation helping others to apply\n\nYou can also\u00a0get support\u00a0if you need help doing things online.\n\n## If you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\nYou can apply as the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen if they started living in the UK by 31 December 2020.\n\nYour EU, EEA or Swiss family member will usually need to apply as well. You can apply if you\u2019re the family member of an Irish citizen, even though they do not need to.\n\nIf you\u2019re from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK if you hold either a valid passport or identity card with a biometric chip.\n\nIf you\u2019re not from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK if you hold a relevant UK document, for example:\n\n- a residence card\n\n- a permanent residence card\n\n- a derivative residence card\n\nOtherwise, you will need to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK. Once you\u2019re in the UK you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nYou cannot apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from inside the UK if you arrived here after 31 December 2020 and you\u2019re here:\n\n- on a Standard Visitor visa, Permitted Paid Engagement visa, Parent of a Child Student visa or Transit visa\n\n- without a visa, for example if you came through an e-passport gate\n\nYou also cannot apply if you\u2019re here on a Marriage Visitor visa, unless you\u2019re applying after you have married or entered into a civil partnership with the EU, EEA or Swiss person you\u2019re joining.\n\nIrish citizens can apply from within the UK regardless of how they entered.\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.\n\n## Your family relationship\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re in a relationship with an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen as their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner. The relationship must have started by 31 December 2020 and must still exist.\n\nYou can also apply if you\u2019re related to an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, their spouse, or their civil partner if you\u2019re their:\n\n- child, grandchild or great-grandchild under 21 years old\n\n- dependent child over the age of 21\n\nYou can also apply as a dependent parent, grandparent or great-grandparent if you have a relevant document to prove your relationship.\n\nYou can apply as another type of dependent relative if both of the following apply:\n\n- you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- you have a relevant document to prove your relationship\n\nYou may also be able to apply if:\n\n- you\u2019re the family member of a British citizen and you lived outside the UK in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) together\n\n- you\u2019re the family member of a British citizen who also has EU, EEA or Swiss citizenship and who lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before getting British citizenship\n\n- you used to have an EU, EEA or Swiss family member living in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland\n\n## If you\u2019re the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland, even though they do not need to.\n\nFollow the same process as family members of EU, EEA or Swiss citizens.\n\n## If your family member is a British citizen (\u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 applications)\n\nYou may be eligible if you lived outside the UK in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) with your family member.\n\nYou must have lived with them in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) before 1 January 2021, and be:\n\n- their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- under 21 years old, and are their child or grandchild\n\n- 21 years or older, and are their dependent child or grandchild\n\n- their dependent parent or grandparent\n\nYou can apply as another type of dependent relative if you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020.\n\nThe country that you lived in together must have been your main residence. Your British family member must also have been working, studying or self-sufficient in the country while there.\n\nYou cannot use the online service to apply if this is how you qualify for the scheme.\n\nContact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online to find out how to apply.\n\n## If you used to have an EU, EEA or Swiss family member living in the UK\n\nYou may be able to apply if you used to have a family member who was living in the UK by 31 December 2020. This is called a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible because you have retained rights of residence, you can apply using the online service.\n\n## If you\u2019re in education in the UK\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re in education, were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020 and one of the following is true:\n\n- you\u2019re the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died\n\n- one of your parents is the spouse or civil partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died\n\n- one of your parents was previously the spouse or civil partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died\n\nIf you qualify through any of these circumstances, your parent is also eligible, providing they have custody of you.\n\n## If your family member has died\n\nYou can also apply if your family member has died, and you lived continuously in the UK as their family member for at least one year immediately before their death.\n\n## If you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership\n\nYou can apply if your marriage or civil partnership to an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen ended with a divorce, annulment or dissolution, and you lived in the UK when it ended.\n\nOne of the following must also apply:\n\n- the marriage or civil partnership lasted for at least 3 years and you\u2019d both been living in the UK for at least one year during that time\n\n- you have custody of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child\n\n- you have been given right of access in the UK to the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child - the child must be under 18\n\n- you or another family member was the victim of domestic abuse in the marriage or civil partnership\n\nYou can also apply if a family member had an eligible marriage or civil partnership and you lived in the UK when it ended. You must be their:\n\n- child, grandchild or great-grandchild under 21 years old\n\n- dependent child over the age of 21\n\n- dependent parent, grandparent or great-grandparent\n\n- other dependent relative\n\n## If you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence\n\nYou can apply if your family relationship with an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen has broken down permanently because of domestic abuse or violence.\n\nYou can apply if you are or were their:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- long-term partner\n\n- child, grandchild or great-grandchild under 21 years old\n\n- dependent child over the age of 21\n\n- dependent parent, grandparent or great-grandparent\n\n- other dependent relative\n\n## If you\u2019re the \u2018primary carer\u2019 of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\nYou may be able to apply if you\u2019re the primary carer of a British,\u00a0EU,\u00a0EEA\u00a0or Swiss citizen who was living in the UK by 31 December 2020. Any dependent children you have may also be able to apply.\n\nTo be someone\u2019s primary carer, you must be both:\n\n- responsible for their day to day care, including making decisions about their education, health, and finances\n\n- a family member or their legal guardian\n\nYou can share these responsibilities with someone else.\n\nYou cannot use the online service to apply if this is how you qualify for the scheme.\n\nContact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online to find out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re the primary carer of an adult\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re the primary carer of a dependent adult who is a British citizen and you were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020.\n\n## If you\u2019re the primary carer of a child\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re the primary carer of a British child, or an EU, EEA or Swiss child who is financially independent and you were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020.\n\nYou can also apply if you\u2019re the primary carer of an EU, EEA or Swiss child who:\n\n- is in education in the UK\n\n- has an EU, EEA or Swiss parent who has worked in the UK when the child has lived in the UK\n\n- has an EU, EEA or Swiss parent who has lived in the UK when the child has been in education\n\n- has an EU, EEA or Swiss parent who has stopped working in the UK, or left the UK\n\n## What you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide proof of your relationship to your EU, EEA or Swiss citizen family member - for example, a birth, marriage or civil partnership certificate, or a residence card. You can usually scan and submit this through the online application form.\n\nIf you apply before your family member, you\u2019ll also need to provide evidence of their identity and residence.\n\nYou might be asked to provide a certified English translation of any document that is not in English.\n\nYou do not need to provide any evidence of your relationship if you have a valid \u2018UK permanent residence document\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re from outside the EU, EEA or Switzerland and you do not have a biometric residence card, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo, or only a photo for children under 5) when you apply.\n\n## When you need to provide more evidence\n\nIn some cases, you\u2019ll also need to provide the same documents as you would for a residence card application.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019d provide for a residence card application if:\n\n- your family member is a British citizen and you lived together in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) before 1 January 2021 - known as a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application\n\n- your family member is both a British citizen and an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, and lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before getting British citizenship\n\n- you used to have an EU, EEA or Swiss family member living in the UK - known as a \u2018retained rights of residence\u2019 application\n\n- you\u2019re the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- you\u2019re the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who used to live and work in the UK, or their primary carer\n\n## When to apply\n\nThe deadline for most applications is 30 June 2021.\n\nIf you arrive in the UK on or after 1 April 2021, you must apply within 3 months of the date you arrive in the UK. If you apply after 30 June 2021, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of when you arrived in the UK, for example the travel ticket you used for your journey to the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll probably get a decision more quickly if you apply at the same time or after your family member applies.\n\nYour family member will be given an application number when they apply. You can use this to \u2018link\u2019 your application to theirs, so that your applications are considered together.\n\n## If your partner is a Swiss citizen\n\nYou can apply as the spouse or civil partner of a Swiss citizen in the UK until 31 December 2025 if both of the following apply:\n\n- your relationship with them began between 31 December 2020 and 31 December 2025\n\n- you\u2019re still in the relationship when you apply\n\n## If you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has died\n\nYou might be eligible for settled status before you\u2019ve been living in the UK for 5 years.\n\nYour family member must have been working or self-employed in the UK at the time of their death. They must have been resident in the UK by 31 December 2020.\n\nYou must also have been living with them just before their death and either:\n\n- they lived continuously in the UK, the Channel Islands, or the Isle of Man for at least 2 years immediately before their death\n\n- their death was the result of an accident at work or an occupational disease\n\n## If you\u2019re overseas and a family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen living in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re not living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you\u2019ll still be able to apply if all of the following are true:\n\n- your family member was living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- your relationship began by 31 December 2020 (unless you are a child born or adopted after that date)\n\n- you remain a close family member when you apply, for example a spouse, civil partner, unmarried partner, a dependent child or grandchild, or a dependent parent or grandparent\n\n## If your family member is a British citizen (\u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 applications)\n\nThe deadline for you to return to the UK depends on your relationship with the family member.\n\nYou must return and apply by 29 March 2022 if you\u2019re:\n\n- their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner and your relationship started before 1 February 2020\n\n- under 21 years old, and are their child or grandchild\n\n- 21 years or older, and are their dependent child or grandchild\n\n- their dependent parent or grandparent\n\nYou must return by 31 December 2020, and apply by 30 June 2021, if you\u2019re:\n\n- their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner and your relationship started on or after 1 February 2020\n\n- another dependent relative\n\nIf you\u2019re a spouse or civil partner, your dependent child, grandchild, parent or grandparent can also apply. They must return and apply by the same date as you.\n\n## If you're the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland\n\nYou can apply if you have a family member who is an eligible person of Northern Ireland, whether you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen or not.\n\nFor you to be eligible, the person of Northern Ireland who is your family member must:\n\n- be a British, Irish or dual British and Irish citizen\n\n- have been born in Northern Ireland\n\n- at the time of their birth, have at least one parent who held British, Irish or dual citizenship (or was without any restriction on their period of residence)\n\n- be living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n## If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\nYou can choose whether you apply as either:\n\n- an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen - use the online service to apply\n\n- a family member of an eligible person from Northern Ireland - contact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online\n\n## If you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\nYou can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme using the online service.\n\nIf you\u2019re outside the UK, you\u2019ll need to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK. Once you\u2019re in the UK you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If you have permanent residence or indefinite leave to remain\n\nThe process of applying to the EU Settlement Scheme is different if you have a permanent residence document or indefinite leave to enter or remain.\n\n## If you have a valid \u2018UK permanent residence document\u2019\n\nIf you have a valid UK permanent residence document, you\u2019ll have one of the following:\n\n- a certificate inside your blue \u2018residence documentation\u2019 booklet (or pink if you\u2019re a Swiss national)\n\n- a certificate inside your passport\n\n- a biometric residence card confirming permanent residence (only if you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen)\n\nYour document is not a permanent residence document if it has \u2018registration certificate\u2019 written on it.\n\nIf you\u2019re from the EU, EEA or Switzerland your permanent residence document will say \u2018Document Certifying Permanent Residence\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, your biometric residence card will say \u2018Permanent Residence Status\u2019.\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.\n\n## What you must do\n\nTo continue living in the UK after 30 June 2021 you must have either:\n\n- applied to the EU Settlement Scheme by 30 June 2021 - you will not have to prove you have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence\n\n- been granted citizenship by 30 June 2021\n\n## If you have indefinite leave to enter or remain\n\nIndefinite leave to enter or remain (ILR) are types of immigration status.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have applied for indefinite leave to enter or remain. You\u2019ll have a stamp in your passport or a letter from the Home Office. You could also have a \u2018vignette\u2019 (sticker) or a biometric residence permit.\n\nYou can continue to live in the UK without applying to the EU Settlement Scheme if you have indefinite leave to enter or remain in the UK. However, if you choose to apply (and meet all the other conditions), you\u2019ll get \u2018indefinite leave to remain under the EU Settlement Scheme\u2019 - also known as settled status.\n\nThis means you should be able to spend up to 5 years in a row outside the UK without losing your settled status (instead of 2 years with the indefinite leave to enter or remain you have now).\n\nIf you\u2019re a Swiss citizen, you and your family members can spend up to 4 years in a row outside the UK without losing your settled status.\n\nYou will not have to prove you have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence.\n\n## If you moved to the UK before it joined the EU on 1 January 1973\n\nYou may have been given ILR automatically if you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who lived in the UK before 1973. If you were, you will not need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to stay in the UK after June 2021.\n\nIf you do not have a document confirming your ILR status, you can either:\n\n- apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to get settled or pre-settled status\n\n- apply to the Windrush scheme to get proof of your ILR status\n\nIf you\u2019re from Malta or Cyprus, you could also apply for British citizenship through the Windrush scheme.\n\nApplications for either scheme are free of charge.\n\n## If you stop working or start work in an EU country\n\nYou and your family members can get settled status with less than 5 years\u2019 continuous residence in certain situations.\n\n## If you have to stop working\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen you may be able to get settled status if you have to stop working or being self-employed because of an accident or illness (known as \u2018permanent incapacity\u2019).\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.\n\nYou may be able to get settled status if either:\n\n- you have lived continuously in the UK for the 2 years immediately beforehand\n\n- the permanent incapacity was the result of an accident at work or an occupational disease that entitles you to a pension from a UK institution\n\nYou can also get settled status if you\u2019re married to or in a civil partnership with a British citizen.\n\nIf you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen at the time they stopped working you may also be eligible for settled status.\n\n## If you reach State Pension age or retire early\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen you may be able to get settled status if you reach State Pension age or retire early.\n\nIf you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen at the time they reach State Pension age or retire early you may also be eligible for settled status.\n\n## If you reach State Pension age\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, you can get settled status if you stopped working when you reached State Pension age and either:\n\n- you worked continuously or were self employed for 1 year beforehand and have lived continuously in the UK for 3 years\n\n- your spouse or civil partner is a British citizen\n\n## If you retire early\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen you can get settled status if you retire early and either:\n\n- you worked continuously (for someone other than yourself) for 1 year beforehand and have lived continuously in the UK for 3 years\n\n- your spouse or civil partner is a British citizen\n\n## If you start work or self-employment in an EU country\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen you can get settled status if you start work or self-employment in an EU country and you both:\n\n- have lived and worked or been self-employed in the UK continuously for 3 years beforehand\n\n- usually return to your UK home once a week\n\nIf you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen at the time they start work or self-employment in an EU country you may also be eligible for settled status.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nIf your application is successful, a letter will be emailed to you confirming your settled or pre-settled status.\n\nFind out what rights you get for each status.\n\nYou cannot use the letter itself to prove your status.\n\n## Viewing and proving your status\n\nYou can view your status or prove it to someone else online. You will not usually get a physical document.\n\n## If you\u2019re from outside the EU, EEA or Switzerland\n\nYou will get a physical document if you do not already have a biometric residence card.\n\nThe document you get under the EU Settlement Scheme proves your rights in the UK only.\n\nTo travel to the EU, EEA or Switzerland with your EU, EEA or Swiss family member, you\u2019ll need to apply for a visa for the country you want to visit. This will be free.\n\nYou can still prove your rights in the UK until 30 June 2021 with your passport or national identity card (if you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen), or with your biometric residence document.\n\nIf you already have a biometric residence card, you do not need to apply for a new one once you have settled or pre-settled status.\n\n## Updating your details\n\nYou must keep your details up to date, for example if you get a new passport.\n\n## Applying for citizenship\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be able to apply for citizenship 12 months after you\u2019ve got settled status.\n\n## If the Home Office finds a mistake in your application\n\nThe Home Office will contact you before making a decision on your application, so you can correct the error.\n\nThey\u2019ll also tell you if you need to provide more evidence before they can make a decision.\n\n## If your application is unsuccessful\n\nYou can apply again at any time until 30 June 2021 if you think the decision should have been different, for example you got pre-settled status but expected to get settled status.\n\nThere\u2019s no charge for this.\n\nYou can submit new information or evidence if you want to.\n\n## Apply for an administrative review\n\nYou may be able to apply for an administrative review of your application if you think there\u2019s been a mistake. It costs \u00a380 and you\u2019ll usually get the result within 28 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your money back if the original decision is changed because of an error.\n\nYou can submit new evidence as part of an administrative review but you will not get your money back if the decision is changed because of the new evidence.\n\n## Appeal the decision\n\nYou can also make an appeal to an independent tribunal. You can only appeal applications made after 11pm on 31 January 2020.\n\n## If you already have an outstanding immigration application\n\nIn most cases, your outstanding immigration application will not be considered if you apply for the EU Settlement Scheme. You\u2019ll get a refund for your outstanding application.\n\nContact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) to find out how your outstanding immigration application will be affected.\n\nMore detailed guidance is available.\n\n## Switch from pre-settled status to settled status\n\nIf you have pre-settled status, you can stay in the UK for a further 5 years from the date you got your status.\n\nYou must apply to the EU Settlement Scheme again before your pre-settled status expires to stay in the UK.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou can apply to switch to settled status as soon as you\u2019re eligible. This is usually after you\u2019ve lived in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 5 years in a row (known as \u2018continuous residence\u2019).\n\nThe 5 years is counted from the day you first arrived in the UK. You do not need to have held pre-settled status for 5 years to apply.\n\nYou may not be eligible for settled status if during the 5 years you spent more than 6 months outside the UK in a 12 month period.\n\nFind out more about continuous residence and if you\u2019re eligible for settled status.\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible for settled status\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for settled status because you spent more than 6 months outside the UK in a 12 month period, you may be able to get pre-settled status again.\n\nBoth of the following must apply:\n\n- the time you spent outside the UK was before 31 December 2020\n\n- you were back in the UK on or before 31 December 2020\n\nYou usually need to apply before 30 June 2021. There are different rules if you\u2019re applying as the close family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.\n\nIf you cannot get pre-settled status again and your current status is about to expire, apply for a visa to stay in the UK.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need\n\nYou can use the same proof you used to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme the first time.\n\nCheck what you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and residence status.\n\nIf your pre-settled status was based on your relationship to a family member from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, you\u2019ll also need proof of your relationship to your EU, EEA or Swiss family member.\n\n## Apply to switch your status\n\nIt is free to apply.\n\nStart now\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nIf your application is successful, a letter will be emailed to you confirming your status.\n\n## If you\u2019re given settled status\n\nYou can stay in the UK as long as you like. You\u2019ll usually be able to apply for citizenship 12 months after you\u2019ve got settled status.\n\n## If you\u2019re given pre-settled status again\n\nYou can stay in the UK for a further 5 years from the date on your Home Office decision letter.\n\nYou can apply for settled status after you\u2019ve lived in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 5 years in a row (known as \u2018continuous residence\u2019).\n\nFind out what to do if you think the decision should have been different.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

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    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, you and your family can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living in the UK after 30 June 2021. You can also apply if you\u2019re the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland.

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    If your application is successful, you\u2019ll get either settled or pre-settled status.

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    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

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    You may be able to stay in the UK without applying - for example, if you\u2019re an Irish citizen or already have indefinite leave to remain.

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    Sign up for email updates about the scheme.

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    When you can apply

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    The EU Settlement Scheme is open. You can apply now if you meet the criteria.

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    The deadline for applying is 30 June 2021. You must usually have started living in the UK by 31 December 2020.

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    The deadlines are different in some situations, for example if:

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  • you\u2019re applying to join a close family member
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  • the family member of a British citizen (\u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 applications)
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  • you stop being exempt from immigration control
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    Which status you get may depend on when you apply.

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    Fees

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    It\u2019s free to apply to the scheme.

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    Who should apply

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    Except in a few cases, you need to apply if:

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  • you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
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  • you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, but your family member is (or is an eligible person of Northern Ireland)
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    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

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    This means you need to apply even if you:

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  • were born in the UK but are not a British citizen - you can check if you\u2019re a British citizen if you\u2019re not sure
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  • have a UK \u2018permanent residence document\u2019
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  • are a family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who does not need to apply - including if they\u2019re from Ireland
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  • are an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen with a British citizen family member
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    If you have children, you need to apply for them separately.

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    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen and you have a family member who is an eligible person of Northern Ireland, you may be able to choose which way you apply.

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    Who else can apply

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    You can apply to join your EU, EEA or Swiss family member if they started living in the UK by 31 December 2020. You can either:

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  • apply from outside the UK, if you have a certain type of passport, identity card or residence document
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  • come to the UK on an EU Settlement Scheme family permit and apply to the settlement scheme once you\u2019re here
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    You cannot apply to the EU settlement scheme from inside the UK if you arrived after 31 December 2020 and you\u2019re here:

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  • on a Standard Visitor visa, Permitted Paid Engagement visa, Parent of a Child Student visa or Transit visa
    • ", + "
  • without a visa, for example if you came through an e-passport gate
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    You also cannot apply if you\u2019re here on a Marriage Visitor visa, unless you\u2019re applying after you have married or entered into a civil partnership with the EU, EEA or Swiss person you\u2019re joining.

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    Irish citizens do not need to apply to the settlement scheme. If they choose to, they can apply from within the UK regardless of how they entered.

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    If you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen

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    You also may be able to apply if:

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  • you used to have an EU, EEA or Swiss family member living in the UK (but you\u2019ve separated, they\u2019ve died or the family relationship has broken down)
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  • you\u2019re the family member of a British citizen and you lived outside the UK in an EEA country together
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  • you\u2019re the family member of a British citizen who also has EU, EEA or Swiss citizenship and who lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before getting British citizenship
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  • you have a family member who is an eligible person of Northern Ireland
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  • you\u2019re the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
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  • you\u2019re the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who used to live and work in the UK, or the child\u2019s primary carer
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  • you\u2019re the family member of a \u2018frontier worker\u2019
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    Who does not need to apply

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    You do not need to apply if you have:

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  • indefinite leave to enter the UK
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  • indefinite leave to remain in the UK
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  • Irish citizenship (including British and Irish \u2018dual citizenship\u2019)
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    You cannot apply if you have British citizenship.

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    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen and you moved to the UK before it joined the EU

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    You only need to apply if you do not have indefinite leave to remain. \nIf you do have indefinite leave to remain, you\u2019ll usually have a stamp in your passport or a letter from the Home Office saying this.

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    If you work in the UK but do not live here (\u2018frontier worker\u2019)

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    You do not need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if you\u2019re a \u2018frontier worker\u2019 or have a Frontier Worker permit.

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    If you\u2019re exempt from immigration control

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    You do not need to do anything to continue living in the UK while you\u2019re exempt from immigration control.

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    You\u2019ll have been told if you\u2019re exempt from immigration control, for example because you\u2019re:

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  • a foreign diplomat posted in the UK
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  • a member of NATO
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    You can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme at any time, as long as you started living in the UK by 31 December 2020. Your privileges and immunities may change if you get settled status.

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    If you stop being exempt, you need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme within 90 days of when you stop being exempt.

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    If you apply after 30 June 2021, you\u2019ll need to prove that you\u2019re exempt from immigration control as part of your application.

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    Your family members may be eligible to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme whether they are exempt from immigration control or not. They can apply at any time, even if you have not yet applied.

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    What you\u2019ll get

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    The rights and status of EU, EEA and Swiss citizens living in the UK by 31 December 2020 will remain the same until 30 June 2021.

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    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

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    If you apply to the EU Settlement Scheme successfully, you\u2019ll be able to continue living and working in the UK after 30 June 2021.

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    You\u2019ll be given either:

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  • settled status
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  • pre-settled status
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    You will not be asked to choose which you\u2019re applying for. Which status you get depends on how long you\u2019ve been living in the UK when you apply. Your rights will be different depending on which status you get and when you started living in the UK.

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    Settled status

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    You\u2019ll usually get settled status if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for a continuous 5-year period (known as \u2018continuous residence\u2019)

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    Five years\u2019 continuous residence means that for 5 years in a row you\u2019ve been in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for at least 6 months in any 12 month period. The exceptions are:

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  • one period of up to 12 months for an important reason (for example, childbirth, serious illness, study, vocational training or an overseas work posting)
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  • compulsory military service of any length
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  • time you spent abroad as a Crown servant, or as the family member of a Crown servant
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  • time you spent abroad in the armed forces, or as the family member of someone in the armed forces
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    You may be considered to be resident in the UK on 31 December 2020 and may be eligible for settled status if you both:

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  • lived in the UK for a continuous 5-year period in the past
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  • have not left the UK for more than 5 years in a row since then
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    You can stay in the UK as long as you like if you get settled status. You\u2019ll also be able to apply for British citizenship if you\u2019re eligible.

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    Pre-settled status

    ", + "

    If you have not lived in the UK for 5 years in a row (known as \u2018continuous residence\u2019), you\u2019ll usually get pre-settled status. You must have started living in the UK by 31 December 2020 unless you are applying as the existing close family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who started living here by then. You can stay in the UK for a further 5 years from the date you get pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch to settled status as soon as you\u2019ve had 5 years\u2019 continuous residence. The 5 years is counted from the day you first arrived in the UK. You do not need to have held pre-settled status for 5 years to apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply for settled status before your pre-settled status expires to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ll reach 5 years\u2019 continuous residence by 30 June 2021, you can choose to wait until you have 5 years\u2019 residence to apply. This means that you\u2019ll get settled status without having to apply for pre-settled status first if your application is successful.

    ", + "

    If you will not reach 5 years\u2019 continuous residence by 30 June 2021, you cannot wait until after this date to apply. You must apply for pre-settled status by 30 June 2021. You can then switch to settled status once you have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve left the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to get pre-settled status if you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020\nbut you were not here on that date. You must not have left the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for more than 6 months in any 12 month period.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible if you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, but you left the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for one period of no more than 12 months for an important reason (for example childbirth, serious illness, study, vocational training or an overseas work posting). Your previous residence in the UK will count towards your eligibility for pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    Showing your continuous residence when you apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, unless you\u2019re joining your family member who is an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen and they were living here by then.

    ", + "

    If your evidence is older than 6 months, you\u2019ll usually also need evidence to show you were here in the last 6 months. This is to show your continuous residence.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been outside the UK for one period of no more than 12 months, you can use evidence from before you left to show your continuous residence. You must have been outside of the UK for an important reason, for example, due to childbirth, serious illness, study, vocational training or an overseas work posting.

    ", + "

    Check what evidence you can use to show when you started living in the UK, and that you\u2019ve continued to live here.

    ", + "

    Your rights with settled or pre-settled status

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to:

    ", + "
  • work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • use the NHS for free, if you can at the moment
    • ", + "
  • enrol in education or study in the UK
    • ", + "
  • access public funds such as benefits and pensions, if you\u2019re eligible for them
    • ", + "
  • travel in and out of the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have different rights if you get settled or pre-settled status because you\u2019ve applied to join your EU, EEA or Swiss family member and you arrived in the UK after 31 December 2020. For example, you will not be able to bring your own family members under the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    If you want to spend time outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you have settled status, you can spend up to 5 years in a row outside the UK without losing your status.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a Swiss citizen, you and your family members can spend up to 4 years in a row outside the UK without losing your settled status.

    ", + "

    If you have pre-settled status, you can spend up to 2 years in a row outside the UK without losing your status. You will need to maintain your continuous residence if you want to qualify for settled status.

    ", + "

    If you have children after applying

    ", + "

    If you get settled status, any children born in the UK while you\u2019re living here will automatically be British citizens.

    ", + "

    If you get pre-settled status, any children born in the UK will be automatically eligible for pre-settled status. They will only be a British citizen if they qualify for it through their other parent.

    ", + "

    If you want to bring family members to the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a citizen of the EU, EEA or Switzerland, your close family members can join you if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • your relationship with them started on or before 31 December 2020 (unless they\u2019re a child born or adopted after that date)
    • ", + "
  • the relationship still exists when they apply to join you
    • ", + "

    If your family member is from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, they can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK if they hold either a valid passport or identity card with a biometric chip.

    ", + "

    If your family member is not from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, they can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK. They must hold a relevant UK document, for example:

    ", + "
  • a residence card
    • ", + "
  • a permanent residence card
    • ", + "
  • a derivative residence card
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, they will need to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK. Once they\u2019re in the UK they can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    They cannot apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from inside the UK if they arrived after 31 December 2020 and they\u2019re here:

    ", + "
  • on a Standard Visitor visa, Permitted Paid Engagement visa, Parent of a Child Student visa or Transit visa
    • ", + "
  • without a visa, for example if they came through an e-passport gate
    • ", + "

    They also cannot apply if they\u2019re here on a Marriage Visitor visa, unless they\u2019re applying after you\u2019ve married or entered into a civil partnership with them.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens can apply from inside the UK regardless of how they entered.

    ", + "

    If you cannot bring your family member under the EU Settlement Scheme, they may still be able to come here in a different way, for example on a family visa.

    ", + "

    Family members of Swiss citizens

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a Swiss citizen, you can also bring your spouse or civil partner to the UK until 31 December 2025 if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your relationship with them began between 31 December 2020 and 31 December 2025
    • ", + "
  • you are still in the relationship when they apply to join you
    • ", + "

    What you'll need to apply

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA, or Swiss citizen and you started living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you\u2019ll need proof of:

    ", + "
  • your identity
    • ", + "
  • your residence in the UK, unless you have a valid permanent residence document, or valid indefinite leave to remain in or enter the UK
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide this proof again when you apply to change your pre-settled status for settled status.

    ", + "

    Proof of identity

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, you need a valid passport or valid national identity card. You also need to provide a digital photo of your face.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, you need to provide one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport
    • ", + "
  • a valid biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • a valid biometric residence card
    • ", + "

    You also need to provide a digital photo of your face. If you do not already have a valid biometric residence card, you will also need to provide your fingerprints (this is not needed for children under 5).

    ", + "

    If you do not have any of these you may be able to use other evidence in certain situations. Contact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre if you do not have any of the listed documents.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for your child, you\u2019ll need to prove their identity. You might also need to prove their residence in the UK.

    ", + "

    When you apply, you can either:

    ", + "
  • scan your document and upload your photo using the \u2018EU Exit: ID Document Check\u2019 app using an Android phone, or an iPhone 7 or above
    • ", + "
  • send your document in the post and upload your photo using the online application (you can take this yourself)
    • ", + "

    Scan your document

    ", + "

    You can use the \u2018EU Exit: ID Document Check\u2019 app on:

    ", + "
  • an Android phone
    • ", + "
  • an iPhone 7 or above
    • ", + "

    To scan your documents using a phone, you\u2019ll need one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a valid EU, EEA or Swiss passport or ID card, if it\u2019s biometric
    • ", + "
  • a UK-issued biometric residence card
    • ", + "

    You can use someone else\u2019s phone to prove your identity.

    ", + "

    Send your document by post

    ", + "

    You must send your document by post if you have a:

    ", + "
  • non-EU or non-EEA passport
    • ", + "
  • biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • non-biometric ID card
    • ", + "

    You can send other types of document in the post if you cannot use the \u2018ID Document Check\u2019 app.

    ", + "

    Proof of continuous residence

    ", + "

    To be eligible for settled status, you usually need to have lived in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for at least 6 months in any 12 month period for 5 years in a row. You need to provide proof of this when you apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve not lived here for 5 years in a row you may still be eligible for pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    If you arrived in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can give your National Insurance number to allow an automated check of your residence based on tax and certain benefit records.

    ", + "

    If this check is successful, you\u2019ll not need to provide any documents as proof of residence. If you\u2019ve been here for 5 years in a row but there is not enough data to confirm this, you\u2019ll need to provide documents.

    ", + "

    The Home Office will tell you immediately after you apply if you need to provide any documents. You should submit photos or scans of your documents through the online application form, rather than sending them by post.

    ", + "

    Read what documents you can provide to the Home Office if you\u2019re asked to provide more evidence.

    ", + "

    If you have criminal convictions

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 18 or over, the Home Office will check you have not committed serious or repeated crimes, and that you do not pose a security threat.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to declare convictions that appear in your criminal record in the UK or overseas.

    ", + "

    You do not need to declare any of the following:

    ", + "
  • convictions that do not need to be disclosed (\u2018spent convictions\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • warnings (\u2018cautions\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • alternatives to prosecution, for example speeding fines
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be checked against the UK\u2019s crime databases.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be eligible for settled or pre-settled status if you\u2019ve only been convicted of a minor crime.

    ", + "

    You may still get settled or pre-settled status even if you have other convictions. This will be decided on a case-by-case basis.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been to prison, you usually need 5 years\u2019 continuous residence from the day you were released to be considered for settled status.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying to join your EU, EEA or Swiss family member

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide proof of your relationship to your family member from the EU, EEA or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    If your family member in the UK does not already have settled or pre-settled status, you will also need to provide proof:

    ", + "
  • of their identity
    • ", + "
  • of their nationality
    • ", + "
  • that they lived in the UK by 31 December 2020, and have continued living here since
    • ", + "

    Read what documents you can provide to show when they started living here and have continued living here since.

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    Applying for your children

    ", + "

    Each child must have their own application. You can apply for your child or they can apply for themselves.

    ", + "

    Your child is eligible for settled or pre-settled status if they\u2019re under 21 and either they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, but you are - or your spouse or civil partner is
    • ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    If your child was born in the UK but is not a British citizen, they will still need to apply. You can check if they\u2019re a British citizen if you\u2019re not sure.

    ", + "

    If you have applied to the EU Settlement Scheme

    ", + "

    When you apply for your child you can \u2018link\u2019 their application to yours. This means that if your own application is successful, your child will get the same status as you.

    ", + "

    To do this, select the option to apply \u2018using your parent\u2019s residence\u2019, then enter your application number.

    ", + "

    You will need to do this for each child you apply for.

    ", + "

    You can use your own email address in the application if your child does not have one.

    ", + "

    You can apply for your child any time after you\u2019ve made your own application - you do not need to wait for a decision.

    ", + "

    What proof you need

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need proof of:

    ", + "
  • your relationship to your child when you make their application
    • ", + "
  • your child\u2019s identity
    • ", + "
  • when your child started living in the UK, if they started living here by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • your child\u2019s continuous residence in the UK
    • ", + "

    If the evidence of when your child started living here is more than 6 months old, you\u2019ll also have to show they were here in the last 6 months.

    ", + "

    Check what evidence you can use to show when your child started living in the UK, and that they\u2019ve continued to live here.

    ", + "

    If you have not applied to the EU Settlement Scheme

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for the scheme, make your own application first so that you can link your child\u2019s application to yours.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for the scheme but your child is, you can still apply for them. For example, if they live in the UK and you do not.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide proof:

    ", + "
  • of your child\u2019s identity
    • ", + "
  • of your child\u2019s UK residence
    • ", + "
  • that your child has 5 years\u2019 continuous residence in the UK
    • ", + "

    If your child does not have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence

    ", + "

    If your child does not have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence when they apply, they\u2019ll usually get pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    They can stay in the UK for a further 5 years from the date they get pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    You can apply to change this to settled status once they have reached 5 years\u2019 continuous residence. You must do this before their pre-settled status expires - this will be 5 years after the date they got pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019ll reach 5 years\u2019 continuous residence by 30 June 2021, you can choose to wait until they reach 5 years\u2019 continuous residence before applying. If their application is successful, they\u2019ll get settled status without getting pre-settled status first.

    ", + "

    If your child is born or adopted after 31 December 2020

    ", + "

    Your children are eligible to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if you started living in the UK by 31 December 2020, even if you\u2019ve not yet applied yourself.

    ", + "

    If your child is born or adopted in the UK before 1 April 2021, you must make an application for them by 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    If your child is born or adopted in the UK on or after 1 April 2021, you must apply within 3 months of the date they were born or adopted. You\u2019ll need to give evidence of their date of birth or the date you adopted them, such as a birth certificate or adoption order.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an Irish citizen

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply for settled or pre-settled status if you\u2019re an Irish citizen.

    ", + "

    However, if you\u2019re an Irish citizen and your child is not a British citizen, they\u2019ll be eligible for either:

    ", + "
  • the same status that you could get, based on how long you\u2019ve lived in the UK
    • ", + "
  • settled or pre-settled status, based on their own residence
    • ", + "

    This also applies if you\u2019re from Northern Ireland and have Irish, British or dual British and Irish citizenship, and your child does not have Irish, British or dual citizenship.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Apply online for the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    Apply to the EU Settlement Scheme

    ", + "

    You can apply using any device, for example, a laptop, Android device or iPhone.

    ", + "

    Check what you\u2019ll need before you apply.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You can apply now if you\u2019re eligible. The deadline for applying is usually 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    You can also choose to apply later depending on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you get pre-settled status, you\u2019ll need to apply again when you\u2019re changing your pre-settled status for settled status.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for yourself and your children, make your own application first.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    The Home Office will use the personal information you provide to decide whether to grant your application. Find out how the Home Office will process your personal information.

    ", + "

    Continue your application

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already started to apply, you can continue your application.

    ", + "

    Who cannot use this service

    ", + "

    You cannot use the online service to apply to the scheme if you\u2019re applying as:

    ", + "
  • the family member of a British citizen you lived with in Switzerland or an EU or EEA country
    • ", + "
  • the family member of a British citizen who also has EU, EEA or Swiss citizenship and who lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before getting British citizenship
    • ", + "
  • the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who used to live and work in the UK, and you\u2019re in education - or you\u2019re the child\u2019s primary carer
    • ", + "

    Contact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online to find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It\u2019s free to apply to the scheme.

    ", + "

    If you paid a fee when you applied to the EU Settlement Scheme, you\u2019ll get a refund.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online.

    ", + "

    You can also get help over the phone.

    ", + "

    The phone number is different if you\u2019re from a local council or another organisation helping others to apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re inside the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from an organisation helping others to apply

    ", + "

    You can also\u00a0get support\u00a0if you need help doing things online.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen

    ", + "

    You can apply as the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen if they started living in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    Your EU, EEA or Swiss family member will usually need to apply as well. You can apply if you\u2019re the family member of an Irish citizen, even though they do not need to.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK if you hold either a valid passport or identity card with a biometric chip.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from outside the UK if you hold a relevant UK document, for example:

    ", + "
  • a residence card
    • ", + "
  • a permanent residence card
    • ", + "
  • a derivative residence card
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, you will need to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK. Once you\u2019re in the UK you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to the EU Settlement Scheme from inside the UK if you arrived here after 31 December 2020 and you\u2019re here:

    ", + "
  • on a Standard Visitor visa, Permitted Paid Engagement visa, Parent of a Child Student visa or Transit visa
    • ", + "
  • without a visa, for example if you came through an e-passport gate
    • ", + "

    You also cannot apply if you\u2019re here on a Marriage Visitor visa, unless you\u2019re applying after you have married or entered into a civil partnership with the EU, EEA or Swiss person you\u2019re joining.

    ", + "

    Irish citizens can apply from within the UK regardless of how they entered.

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    Your family relationship

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re in a relationship with an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen as their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner. The relationship must have started by 31 December 2020 and must still exist.

    ", + "

    You can also apply if you\u2019re related to an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, their spouse, or their civil partner if you\u2019re their:

    ", + "
  • child, grandchild or great-grandchild under 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • dependent child over the age of 21
    • ", + "

    You can also apply as a dependent parent, grandparent or great-grandparent if you have a relevant document to prove your relationship.

    ", + "

    You can apply as another type of dependent relative if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • you have a relevant document to prove your relationship
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to apply if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the family member of a British citizen and you lived outside the UK in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) together
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the family member of a British citizen who also has EU, EEA or Swiss citizenship and who lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before getting British citizenship
    • ", + "
  • you used to have an EU, EEA or Swiss family member living in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland, even though they do not need to.

    ", + "

    Follow the same process as family members of EU, EEA or Swiss citizens.

    ", + "

    If your family member is a British citizen (\u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 applications)

    ", + "

    You may be eligible if you lived outside the UK in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) with your family member.

    ", + "

    You must have lived with them in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) before 1 January 2021, and be:

    ", + "
  • their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "
  • under 21 years old, and are their child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • 21 years or older, and are their dependent child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • their dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    You can apply as another type of dependent relative if you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    The country that you lived in together must have been your main residence. Your British family member must also have been working, studying or self-sufficient in the country while there.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the online service to apply if this is how you qualify for the scheme.

    ", + "

    Contact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online to find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    If you used to have an EU, EEA or Swiss family member living in the UK

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply if you used to have a family member who was living in the UK by 31 December 2020. This is called a \u2018retained right of residence\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible because you have retained rights of residence, you can apply using the online service.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in education in the UK

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re in education, were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020 and one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "
  • one of your parents is the spouse or civil partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "
  • one of your parents was previously the spouse or civil partner of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has left the UK or died
    • ", + "

    If you qualify through any of these circumstances, your parent is also eligible, providing they have custody of you.

    ", + "

    If your family member has died

    ", + "

    You can also apply if your family member has died, and you lived continuously in the UK as their family member for at least one year immediately before their death.

    ", + "

    If you or a member of your family was previously married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    You can apply if your marriage or civil partnership to an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen ended with a divorce, annulment or dissolution, and you lived in the UK when it ended.

    ", + "

    One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • the marriage or civil partnership lasted for at least 3 years and you\u2019d both been living in the UK for at least one year during that time
    • ", + "
  • you have custody of the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child
    • ", + "
  • you have been given right of access in the UK to the EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\u2019s child - the child must be under 18
    • ", + "
  • you or another family member was the victim of domestic abuse in the marriage or civil partnership
    • ", + "

    You can also apply if a family member had an eligible marriage or civil partnership and you lived in the UK when it ended. You must be their:

    ", + "
  • child, grandchild or great-grandchild under 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • dependent child over the age of 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent, grandparent or great-grandparent
    • ", + "
  • other dependent relative
    • ", + "

    If you are a victim of domestic abuse or violence

    ", + "

    You can apply if your family relationship with an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen has broken down permanently because of domestic abuse or violence.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you are or were their:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • long-term partner
    • ", + "
  • child, grandchild or great-grandchild under 21 years old
    • ", + "
  • dependent child over the age of 21
    • ", + "
  • dependent parent, grandparent or great-grandparent
    • ", + "
  • other dependent relative
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re the \u2018primary carer\u2019 of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply if you\u2019re the primary carer of a British,\u00a0EU,\u00a0EEA\u00a0or Swiss citizen who was living in the UK by 31 December 2020. Any dependent children you have may also be able to apply.

    ", + "

    To be someone\u2019s primary carer, you must be both:

    ", + "
  • responsible for their day to day care, including making decisions about their education, health, and finances
    • ", + "
  • a family member or their legal guardian
    • ", + "

    You can share these responsibilities with someone else.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the online service to apply if this is how you qualify for the scheme.

    ", + "

    Contact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online to find out how to apply.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the primary carer of an adult

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re the primary carer of a dependent adult who is a British citizen and you were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the primary carer of a child

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re the primary carer of a British child, or an EU, EEA or Swiss child who is financially independent and you were resident in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    You can also apply if you\u2019re the primary carer of an EU, EEA or Swiss child who:

    ", + "
  • is in education in the UK
    • ", + "
  • has an EU, EEA or Swiss parent who has worked in the UK when the child has lived in the UK
    • ", + "
  • has an EU, EEA or Swiss parent who has lived in the UK when the child has been in education
    • ", + "
  • has an EU, EEA or Swiss parent who has stopped working in the UK, or left the UK
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide proof of your relationship to your EU, EEA or Swiss citizen family member - for example, a birth, marriage or civil partnership certificate, or a residence card. You can usually scan and submit this through the online application form.

    ", + "

    If you apply before your family member, you\u2019ll also need to provide evidence of their identity and residence.

    ", + "

    You might be asked to provide a certified English translation of any document that is not in English.

    ", + "

    You do not need to provide any evidence of your relationship if you have a valid \u2018UK permanent residence document\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from outside the EU, EEA or Switzerland and you do not have a biometric residence card, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo, or only a photo for children under 5) when you apply.

    ", + "

    When you need to provide more evidence

    ", + "

    In some cases, you\u2019ll also need to provide the same documents as you would for a residence card application.

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019d provide for a residence card application if:

    ", + "
  • your family member is a British citizen and you lived together in an EU or EEA country (or Switzerland) before 1 January 2021 - known as a \u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 application
    • ", + "
  • your family member is both a British citizen and an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, and lived in the UK as an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen before getting British citizenship
    • ", + "
  • you used to have an EU, EEA or Swiss family member living in the UK - known as a \u2018retained rights of residence\u2019 application
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who used to live and work in the UK, or their primary carer
    • ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    The deadline for most applications is 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    If you arrive in the UK on or after 1 April 2021, you must apply within 3 months of the date you arrive in the UK. If you apply after 30 June 2021, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of when you arrived in the UK, for example the travel ticket you used for your journey to the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll probably get a decision more quickly if you apply at the same time or after your family member applies.

    ", + "

    Your family member will be given an application number when they apply. You can use this to \u2018link\u2019 your application to theirs, so that your applications are considered together.

    ", + "

    If your partner is a Swiss citizen

    ", + "

    You can apply as the spouse or civil partner of a Swiss citizen in the UK until 31 December 2025 if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your relationship with them began between 31 December 2020 and 31 December 2025
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still in the relationship when you apply
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who has died

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for settled status before you\u2019ve been living in the UK for 5 years.

    ", + "

    Your family member must have been working or self-employed in the UK at the time of their death. They must have been resident in the UK by 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    You must also have been living with them just before their death and either:

    ", + "
  • they lived continuously in the UK, the Channel Islands, or the Isle of Man for at least 2 years immediately before their death
    • ", + "
  • their death was the result of an accident at work or an occupational disease
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re overseas and a family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen living in the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you\u2019ll still be able to apply if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • your family member was living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • your relationship began by 31 December 2020 (unless you are a child born or adopted after that date)
    • ", + "
  • you remain a close family member when you apply, for example a spouse, civil partner, unmarried partner, a dependent child or grandchild, or a dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    If your family member is a British citizen (\u2018Surinder Singh\u2019 applications)

    ", + "

    The deadline for you to return to the UK depends on your relationship with the family member.

    ", + "

    You must return and apply by 29 March 2022 if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner and your relationship started before 1 February 2020
    • ", + "
  • under 21 years old, and are their child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • 21 years or older, and are their dependent child or grandchild
    • ", + "
  • their dependent parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    You must return by 31 December 2020, and apply by 30 June 2021, if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • their spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner and your relationship started on or after 1 February 2020
    • ", + "
  • another dependent relative
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a spouse or civil partner, your dependent child, grandchild, parent or grandparent can also apply. They must return and apply by the same date as you.

    ", + "

    If you're the family member of an eligible person of Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    You can apply if you have a family member who is an eligible person of Northern Ireland, whether you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen or not.

    ", + "

    For you to be eligible, the person of Northern Ireland who is your family member must:

    ", + "
  • be a British, Irish or dual British and Irish citizen
    • ", + "
  • have been born in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • at the time of their birth, have at least one parent who held British, Irish or dual citizenship (or was without any restriction on their period of residence)
    • ", + "
  • be living in the UK by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen

    ", + "

    You can choose whether you apply as either:

    ", + "
  • an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen - use the online service to apply
    • ", + "
  • a family member of an eligible person from Northern Ireland - contact the EU Settlement Resolution Centre online
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen

    ", + "

    You can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme using the online service.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re outside the UK, you\u2019ll need to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit to come to the UK. Once you\u2019re in the UK you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    If you have permanent residence or indefinite leave to remain

    ", + "

    The process of applying to the EU Settlement Scheme is different if you have a permanent residence document or indefinite leave to enter or remain.

    ", + "

    If you have a valid \u2018UK permanent residence document\u2019

    ", + "

    If you have a valid UK permanent residence document, you\u2019ll have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a certificate inside your blue \u2018residence documentation\u2019 booklet (or pink if you\u2019re a Swiss national)
    • ", + "
  • a certificate inside your passport
    • ", + "
  • a biometric residence card confirming permanent residence (only if you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen)
    • ", + "

    Your document is not a permanent residence document if it has \u2018registration certificate\u2019 written on it.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from the EU, EEA or Switzerland your permanent residence document will say \u2018Document Certifying Permanent Residence\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, your biometric residence card will say \u2018Permanent Residence Status\u2019.

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    What you must do

    ", + "

    To continue living in the UK after 30 June 2021 you must have either:

    ", + "
  • applied to the EU Settlement Scheme by 30 June 2021 - you will not have to prove you have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence
    • ", + "
  • been granted citizenship by 30 June 2021
    • ", + "

    If you have indefinite leave to enter or remain

    ", + "

    Indefinite leave to enter or remain (ILR) are types of immigration status.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have applied for indefinite leave to enter or remain. You\u2019ll have a stamp in your passport or a letter from the Home Office. You could also have a \u2018vignette\u2019 (sticker) or a biometric residence permit.

    ", + "

    You can continue to live in the UK without applying to the EU Settlement Scheme if you have indefinite leave to enter or remain in the UK. However, if you choose to apply (and meet all the other conditions), you\u2019ll get \u2018indefinite leave to remain under the EU Settlement Scheme\u2019 - also known as settled status.

    ", + "

    This means you should be able to spend up to 5 years in a row outside the UK without losing your settled status (instead of 2 years with the indefinite leave to enter or remain you have now).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a Swiss citizen, you and your family members can spend up to 4 years in a row outside the UK without losing your settled status.

    ", + "

    You will not have to prove you have 5 years\u2019 continuous residence.

    ", + "

    If you moved to the UK before it joined the EU on 1 January 1973

    ", + "

    You may have been given ILR automatically if you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen who lived in the UK before 1973. If you were, you will not need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to stay in the UK after June 2021.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a document confirming your ILR status, you can either:

    ", + "
  • apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to get settled or pre-settled status
    • ", + "
  • apply to the Windrush scheme to get proof of your ILR status
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re from Malta or Cyprus, you could also apply for British citizenship through the Windrush scheme.

    ", + "

    Applications for either scheme are free of charge.

    ", + "

    If you stop working or start work in an EU country

    ", + "

    You and your family members can get settled status with less than 5 years\u2019 continuous residence in certain situations.

    ", + "

    If you have to stop working

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen you may be able to get settled status if you have to stop working or being self-employed because of an accident or illness (known as \u2018permanent incapacity\u2019).

    ", + "

    The EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get settled status if either:

    ", + "
  • you have lived continuously in the UK for the 2 years immediately beforehand
    • ", + "
  • the permanent incapacity was the result of an accident at work or an occupational disease that entitles you to a pension from a UK institution
    • ", + "

    You can also get settled status if you\u2019re married to or in a civil partnership with a British citizen.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen at the time they stopped working you may also be eligible for settled status.

    ", + "

    If you reach State Pension age or retire early

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen you may be able to get settled status if you reach State Pension age or retire early.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen at the time they reach State Pension age or retire early you may also be eligible for settled status.

    ", + "

    If you reach State Pension age

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen, you can get settled status if you stopped working when you reached State Pension age and either:

    ", + "
  • you worked continuously or were self employed for 1 year beforehand and have lived continuously in the UK for 3 years
    • ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner is a British citizen
    • ", + "

    If you retire early

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen you can get settled status if you retire early and either:

    ", + "
  • you worked continuously (for someone other than yourself) for 1 year beforehand and have lived continuously in the UK for 3 years
    • ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner is a British citizen
    • ", + "

    If you start work or self-employment in an EU country

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen you can get settled status if you start work or self-employment in an EU country and you both:

    ", + "
  • have lived and worked or been self-employed in the UK continuously for 3 years beforehand
    • ", + "
  • usually return to your UK home once a week
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re the family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen at the time they start work or self-employment in an EU country you may also be eligible for settled status.

    ", + "

    After you've applied

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, a letter will be emailed to you confirming your settled or pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    Find out what rights you get for each status.

    ", + "

    You cannot use the letter itself to prove your status.

    ", + "

    Viewing and proving your status

    ", + "

    You can view your status or prove it to someone else online. You will not usually get a physical document.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re from outside the EU, EEA or Switzerland

    ", + "

    You will get a physical document if you do not already have a biometric residence card.

    ", + "

    The document you get under the EU Settlement Scheme proves your rights in the UK only.

    ", + "

    To travel to the EU, EEA or Switzerland with your EU, EEA or Swiss family member, you\u2019ll need to apply for a visa for the country you want to visit. This will be free.

    ", + "

    You can still prove your rights in the UK until 30 June 2021 with your passport or national identity card (if you\u2019re an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen), or with your biometric residence document.

    ", + "

    If you already have a biometric residence card, you do not need to apply for a new one once you have settled or pre-settled status.

    ", + "

    Updating your details

    ", + "

    You must keep your details up to date, for example if you get a new passport.

    ", + "

    Applying for citizenship

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be able to apply for citizenship 12 months after you\u2019ve got settled status.

    ", + "

    If the Home Office finds a mistake in your application

    ", + "

    The Home Office will contact you before making a decision on your application, so you can correct the error.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also tell you if you need to provide more evidence before they can make a decision.

    ", + "

    If your application is unsuccessful

    ", + "

    You can apply again at any time until 30 June 2021 if you think the decision should have been different, for example you got pre-settled status but expected to get settled status.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no charge for this.

    ", + "

    You can submit new information or evidence if you want to.

    ", + "

    Apply for an administrative review

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for an administrative review of your application if you think there\u2019s been a mistake. It costs \u00a380 and you\u2019ll usually get the result within 28 days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get your money back if the original decision is changed because of an error.

    ", + "

    You can submit new evidence as part of an administrative review but you will not get your money back if the decision is changed because of the new evidence.

    ", + "

    Appeal the decision

    ", + "

    You can also make an appeal to an independent tribunal. You can only appeal applications made after 11pm on 31 January 2020.

    ", + "

    If you already have an outstanding immigration application

    ", + "

    In most cases, your outstanding immigration application will not be considered if you apply for the EU Settlement Scheme. You\u2019ll get a refund for your outstanding application.

    ", + "

    Contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) to find out how your outstanding immigration application will be affected.

    ", + "

    More detailed guidance is available.

    ", + "

    Switch from pre-settled status to settled status

    ", + "

    If you have pre-settled status, you can stay in the UK for a further 5 years from the date you got your status.

    ", + "

    You must apply to the EU Settlement Scheme again before your pre-settled status expires to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch to settled status as soon as you\u2019re eligible. This is usually after you\u2019ve lived in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 5 years in a row (known as \u2018continuous residence\u2019).

    ", + "

    The 5 years is counted from the day you first arrived in the UK. You do not need to have held pre-settled status for 5 years to apply.

    ", + "

    You may not be eligible for settled status if during the 5 years you spent more than 6 months outside the UK in a 12 month period.

    ", + "

    Find out more about continuous residence and if you\u2019re eligible for settled status.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for settled status

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for settled status because you spent more than 6 months outside the UK in a 12 month period, you may be able to get pre-settled status again.

    ", + "

    Both of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • the time you spent outside the UK was before 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • you were back in the UK on or before 31 December 2020
    • ", + "

    You usually need to apply before 30 June 2021. There are different rules if you\u2019re applying as the close family member of an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen.

    ", + "

    If you cannot get pre-settled status again and your current status is about to expire, apply for a visa to stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    What you\u2019ll need

    ", + "

    You can use the same proof you used to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme the first time.

    ", + "

    Check what you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and residence status.

    ", + "

    If your pre-settled status was based on your relationship to a family member from the EU, EEA or Switzerland, you\u2019ll also need proof of your relationship to your EU, EEA or Swiss family member.

    ", + "

    Apply to switch your status

    ", + "

    It is free to apply.

    ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve applied

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, a letter will be emailed to you confirming your status.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re given settled status

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK as long as you like. You\u2019ll usually be able to apply for citizenship 12 months after you\u2019ve got settled status.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re given pre-settled status again

    ", + "

    You can stay in the UK for a further 5 years from the date on your Home Office decision letter.

    ", + "

    You can apply for settled status after you\u2019ve lived in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 5 years in a row (known as \u2018continuous residence\u2019).

    ", + "

    Find out what to do if you think the decision should have been different.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-abode": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-abode", + "title": "Prove you have right of abode in the UK", + "content": "## Overview\n\nHaving right of abode means you\u2019re allowed to live or work in the UK without any immigration restrictions, which means:\n\n- you will not need a visa to come to the UK\n\n- there\u2019s no limit on the length of time you can spend in the country\n\nAll British citizens automatically have right of abode in the UK.\n\nSome Commonwealth citizens may also have right of abode.\n\nYou can prove you have right of abode if you have a UK passport describing you as a British citizen or British subject with right of abode.\n\nOtherwise you need to apply for a \u2018certificate of entitlement\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.\n\n## Commonwealth citizens\n\nIf you\u2019re part of the \u2018Windrush generation\u2019 (also known as \u2018Windrush cases\u2019), there\u2019s a different way to prove your right to live in the UK.\n\nYou may have right of abode in the UK either because of your parents or because you are or were married to someone with right of abode.\n\n## Parents\n\nYou have right of abode if all the following apply:\n\n- one of your parents was born in the UK and a citizen of the United Kingdom and colonies when you were born or adopted\n\n- you were a Commonwealth citizen on 31 December 1982\n\n- you did not stop being a Commonwealth citizen (even temporarily) at any point after 31 December 1982\n\n## Marriage\n\nYou can only get right to abode through marriage if you\u2019re a female Commonwealth citizen.\n\nYou must have:\n\n- been married to someone with right of abode before 1 January 1983\n\n- not stopped being a Commonwealth citizen (even temporarily) at any point after 31 December 1982\n\nYou usually will not have right of abode if the person you were married to has another living wife or widow who:\n\n- is in the UK, or has been in the UK at any time since her marriage (unless they entered the country illegally, came as a visitor or only have temporary permission to stay)\n\n- has a certificate of entitlement to right of abode or permission to enter the UK because of her marriage\n\nHowever, you may still have right of abode if:\n\n- you entered the UK while married and before 1 August 1988, even if your husband has other wives in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK since your marriage and at that time were your husband\u2019s only wife to have legally entered the UK or been given permission to do so\n\n## Apply for a certificate of entitlement\n\nYou can apply for a certificate of entitlement to prove you have right of abode in the UK. It goes in your passport.\n\nYou need to apply for a new certificate when your passport expires.\n\nHow you apply for a certificate of entitlement depends on whether you\u2019re inside or outside the UK.\n\nYou cannot get a certificate if you already have a British passport or a valid certificate of entitlement in another foreign passport.\n\n## Apply in the UK, Channel Islands or the Isle of Man\n\nA certificate of entitlement costs \u00a3372 in the UK.\n\nRead the guidance to check you can apply.\n\nFill in the form online. You\u2019ll usually be able to keep your documents while your application is being processed.\n\nYou can also apply in other ways.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK or from a British overseas territory\n\nIf you are not in the UK, or you live in a British overseas territory, you must apply online.\n\nA certificate of entitlement costs \u00a3388 outside the UK.\n\n## North Korea\n\nYou cannot apply online if you\u2019re living in North Korea.\n\nTo apply from North Korea you must:\n\n- download the application form and guidance - read the guidance if you need help filling in the form\n\n- read the instructions to find out where to take your completed form\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nYour application fee will not be refunded if your application is refused because you do not qualify for right of abode or you do not send in enough evidence to support your claim.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how you can appeal if your application is rejected.\n\nYou will not have a right of appeal if your rejected application was received on or after 6 April 2015.\n\nIf you made your application in the UK, you can apply to have your application reconsidered if you think UKVI did not make the decision in line with the law or their policy.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Having right of abode means you\u2019re allowed to live or work in the UK without any immigration restrictions, which means:

    ", + "
  • you will not need a visa to come to the UK
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s no limit on the length of time you can spend in the country
    • ", + "

    All British citizens automatically have right of abode in the UK.

    ", + "

    Some Commonwealth citizens may also have right of abode.

    ", + "

    You can prove you have right of abode if you have a UK passport describing you as a British citizen or British subject with right of abode.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need to apply for a \u2018certificate of entitlement\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    Commonwealth citizens

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re part of the \u2018Windrush generation\u2019 (also known as \u2018Windrush cases\u2019), there\u2019s a different way to prove your right to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    You may have right of abode in the UK either because of your parents or because you are or were married to someone with right of abode.

    ", + "

    Parents

    ", + "

    You have right of abode if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • one of your parents was born in the UK and a citizen of the United Kingdom and colonies when you were born or adopted
    • ", + "
  • you were a Commonwealth citizen on 31 December 1982
    • ", + "
  • you did not stop being a Commonwealth citizen (even temporarily) at any point after 31 December 1982
    • ", + "

    Marriage

    ", + "

    You can only get right to abode through marriage if you\u2019re a female Commonwealth citizen.

    ", + "

    You must have:

    ", + "
  • been married to someone with right of abode before 1 January 1983
    • ", + "
  • not stopped being a Commonwealth citizen (even temporarily) at any point after 31 December 1982
    • ", + "

    You usually will not have right of abode if the person you were married to has another living wife or widow who:

    ", + "
  • is in the UK, or has been in the UK at any time since her marriage (unless they entered the country illegally, came as a visitor or only have temporary permission to stay)
    • ", + "
  • has a certificate of entitlement to right of abode or permission to enter the UK because of her marriage
    • ", + "

    However, you may still have right of abode if:

    ", + "
  • you entered the UK while married and before 1 August 1988, even if your husband has other wives in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK since your marriage and at that time were your husband\u2019s only wife to have legally entered the UK or been given permission to do so
    • ", + "

    Apply for a certificate of entitlement

    ", + "

    You can apply for a certificate of entitlement to prove you have right of abode in the UK. It goes in your passport.

    ", + "

    You need to apply for a new certificate when your passport expires.

    ", + "

    How you apply for a certificate of entitlement depends on whether you\u2019re inside or outside the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get a certificate if you already have a British passport or a valid certificate of entitlement in another foreign passport.

    ", + "

    Apply in the UK, Channel Islands or the Isle of Man

    ", + "

    A certificate of entitlement costs \u00a3372 in the UK.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance to check you can apply.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form online. You\u2019ll usually be able to keep your documents while your application is being processed.

    ", + "

    You can also apply in other ways.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.

    ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Apply from outside the UK or from a British overseas territory

    ", + "

    If you are not in the UK, or you live in a British overseas territory, you must apply online.

    ", + "

    A certificate of entitlement costs \u00a3388 outside the UK.

    ", + "

    North Korea

    ", + "

    You cannot apply online if you\u2019re living in North Korea.

    ", + "

    To apply from North Korea you must:

    ", + "
  • download the application form and guidance - read the guidance if you need help filling in the form
    • ", + "
  • read the instructions to find out where to take your completed form
    • ", + "

    If your application is refused

    ", + "

    Your application fee will not be refunded if your application is refused because you do not qualify for right of abode or you do not send in enough evidence to support your claim.

    ", + "

    Appeals

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how you can appeal if your application is rejected.

    ", + "

    You will not have a right of appeal if your rejected application was received on or after 6 April 2015.

    ", + "

    If you made your application in the UK, you can apply to have your application reconsidered if you think UKVI did not make the decision in line with the law or their policy.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/settlement-refugee-or-humanitarian-protection": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settlement-refugee-or-humanitarian-protection", + "title": "Settlement: refugee or humanitarian protection", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve got a residence card as a:\n\n- refugee\n\n- person with humanitarian protection\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible in the relevant category.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person who\u2019s been given humanitarian protection.\n\n## Family members\n\nYou may be able to include your partner and any children on your settlement application if they\u2019re already in the UK as your dependants. This includes children born in the UK.\n\nCheck if your family member is eligible.\n\nIf your application is successful, your family members will have the same permission to stay in the UK as you do.\n\n## If you cannot include your family members on your settlement application\n\nIf your family was formed before you left your country, your partner and children can apply to be reunited with you in the UK.\n\nYour family members must apply for a visa to join you in the UK if one of the following is true:\n\n- they\u2019re not eligible to apply as a partner or a child\n\n- your family was formed after you left your country\n\nIf your application is successful, your family members will have permission to stay in the UK for the same length of time as you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply after 5 years in the UK as either:\n\n- a refugee\n\n- someone with humanitarian protection\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nYour settlement application may be refused if you\u2019ve got a criminal record or been in prison - read why applications are refused.\n\nIf you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them to the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person with humanitarian protection.\n\n## Family reunion\n\nYour partner or child may be able to join or stay with you in the UK if:\n\n- you were part of a family before you were forced to leave your country\n\n- you have refugee status, 5 years\u2019 humanitarian protection or settlement on protection grounds but do not yet have British citizenship\n\nYour partner or child cannot join you if:\n\n- you have not received a decision on your asylum claim\n\n- you\u2019re under 18\n\nIf their application is successful, your family members will be allowed to come to or stay in the UK with the same permission as you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour partner and any children must meet the following requirements.\n\n## Partner\n\nYour partner is someone you\u2019re in a genuine relationship with. You must be able to prove one of the following:\n\n- you\u2019re married\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership\n\nIf you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership, your partner may be able to join you if:\n\n- you were given refugee status or humanitarian protection on or after 9 October 2006\n\n- you\u2019ve lived together in a relationship like in a marriage or civil partnership for 2 years and you\u2019ve been given asylum or humanitarian protection after 9 October 2006\n\nYou and your partner must intend to live together and continue your relationship after they apply.\n\n## Children\n\nYour child is:\n\n- under the age of 18\n\n- going to live with you and your partner\n\n- not married or in a civil partnership\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nYour partner or child must apply online for family reunion.\n\nYou can apply on behalf of your child but, in most cases, your partner must make their own application.\n\nThey\u2019ll also have to complete application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.\n\n## North Korea\n\nYour partner or child cannot apply online if they\u2019re applying from North Korea.\n\nThey need to download application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.\n\nThey should read the guidance on filling in the form and the instructions for North Korea.\n\n## Apply in the UK\n\nYour partner or child can apply to stay with you in the UK if all the following are true:\n\n- you have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\n- they\u2019re making their first application to stay with you and they\u2019re already in the UK\n\n- they can prove their relationship pre-dates your departure from your home country because of persecution\n\nThey must apply by letter to:\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen your family member applies, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a Service and Support Centre to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo) and have their supporting documents checked.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for family reunion for eligible family members.\n\n## Family applying as dependants\n\nIf you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection, your family members can apply for settlement on the same form as you if they\u2019re already in the UK.\n\nFamily members are:\n\n- your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 2 years before applying to settle)\n\n- your child or children - born in the UK or abroad\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour family members must either have been given permission to be in the UK with you:\n\n- as your dependant, at the same time you were granted asylum or Humanitarian Protection\n\n- using the family reunion route\n\nA child of yours born in the UK who is not a British citizen is also eligible.\n\nYou need to provide evidence of your relationship - check the application form.\n\n## Children over 18\n\nYou can only include your children over 18 in your settlement application if:\n\n- they were granted as your dependant when you got your original grant of asylum and leave to enter or remain\n\n- they were granted leave to enter or remain by applying for family reunion\n\n## Other exceptions\n\nYou cannot include a partner or other dependant who:\n\n- already has permission to be in the UK in another category\n\n- is currently in the UK without permission\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them to the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement for a family member.\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nIf you have a criminal record or have been in prison, you may be refused settlement.\n\nIf you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve got a residence card as a:

    ", + "
  • refugee
    • ", + "
  • person with humanitarian protection
    • ", + "

    Check if you\u2019re eligible in the relevant category.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person who\u2019s been given humanitarian protection.

    ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    You may be able to include your partner and any children on your settlement application if they\u2019re already in the UK as your dependants. This includes children born in the UK.

    ", + "

    Check if your family member is eligible.

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, your family members will have the same permission to stay in the UK as you do.

    ", + "

    If you cannot include your family members on your settlement application

    ", + "

    If your family was formed before you left your country, your partner and children can apply to be reunited with you in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your family members must apply for a visa to join you in the UK if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re not eligible to apply as a partner or a child
    • ", + "
  • your family was formed after you left your country
    • ", + "

    If your application is successful, your family members will have permission to stay in the UK for the same length of time as you.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply after 5 years in the UK as either:

    ", + "
  • a refugee
    • ", + "
  • someone with humanitarian protection
    • ", + "

    If your application is refused

    ", + "

    Your settlement application may be refused if you\u2019ve got a criminal record or been in prison - read why applications are refused.

    ", + "

    If you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.

    ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.

    ", + "

    Get help using a computer to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with:

    ", + "
  • accessing a computer or the internet
    • ", + "
  • finding the right information on GOV.UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot get advice on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re eligible to apply
    • ", + "
  • what information to put in your application
    • ", + "
  • an application you\u2019ve already made
    • ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    Any children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them to the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person with humanitarian protection.

    ", + "

    Family reunion

    ", + "

    Your partner or child may be able to join or stay with you in the UK if:

    ", + "
  • you were part of a family before you were forced to leave your country
    • ", + "
  • you have refugee status, 5 years\u2019 humanitarian protection or settlement on protection grounds but do not yet have British citizenship
    • ", + "

    Your partner or child cannot join you if:

    ", + "
  • you have not received a decision on your asylum claim
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "

    If their application is successful, your family members will be allowed to come to or stay in the UK with the same permission as you.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your partner and any children must meet the following requirements.

    ", + "

    Partner

    ", + "

    Your partner is someone you\u2019re in a genuine relationship with. You must be able to prove one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership, your partner may be able to join you if:

    ", + "
  • you were given refugee status or humanitarian protection on or after 9 October 2006
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived together in a relationship like in a marriage or civil partnership for 2 years and you\u2019ve been given asylum or humanitarian protection after 9 October 2006
    • ", + "

    You and your partner must intend to live together and continue your relationship after they apply.

    ", + "

    Children

    ", + "

    Your child is:

    ", + "
  • under the age of 18
    • ", + "
  • going to live with you and your partner
    • ", + "
  • not married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "

    Apply outside the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner or child must apply online for family reunion.

    ", + "

    You can apply on behalf of your child but, in most cases, your partner must make their own application.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also have to complete application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.

    ", + "

    North Korea

    ", + "

    Your partner or child cannot apply online if they\u2019re applying from North Korea.

    ", + "

    They need to download application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.

    ", + "

    They should read the guidance on filling in the form and the instructions for North Korea.

    ", + "

    Apply in the UK

    ", + "

    Your partner or child can apply to stay with you in the UK if all the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re making their first application to stay with you and they\u2019re already in the UK
    • ", + "
  • they can prove their relationship pre-dates your departure from your home country because of persecution
    • ", + "

    They must apply by letter to:

    ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When your family member applies, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a Service and Support Centre to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo) and have their supporting documents checked.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for applying for family reunion for eligible family members.

    ", + "

    Family applying as dependants

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection, your family members can apply for settlement on the same form as you if they\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    Family members are:

    ", + "
  • your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 2 years before applying to settle)
    • ", + "
  • your child or children - born in the UK or abroad
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your family members must either have been given permission to be in the UK with you:

    ", + "
  • as your dependant, at the same time you were granted asylum or Humanitarian Protection
    • ", + "
  • using the family reunion route
    • ", + "

    A child of yours born in the UK who is not a British citizen is also eligible.

    ", + "

    You need to provide evidence of your relationship - check the application form.

    ", + "

    Children over 18

    ", + "

    You can only include your children over 18 in your settlement application if:

    ", + "
  • they were granted as your dependant when you got your original grant of asylum and leave to enter or remain
    • ", + "
  • they were granted leave to enter or remain by applying for family reunion
    • ", + "

    Other exceptions

    ", + "

    You cannot include a partner or other dependant who:

    ", + "
  • already has permission to be in the UK in another category
    • ", + "
  • is currently in the UK without permission
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.

    ", + "

    Get help using a computer to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with:

    ", + "
  • accessing a computer or the internet
    • ", + "
  • finding the right information on GOV.UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot get advice on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re eligible to apply
    • ", + "
  • what information to put in your application
    • ", + "
  • an application you\u2019ve already made
    • ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    Any children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them to the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement for a family member.

    ", + "

    If your application is refused

    ", + "

    If you have a criminal record or have been in prison, you may be refused settlement.

    ", + "

    If you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/indefinite-leave-to-remain-innovator-visa": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/indefinite-leave-to-remain-innovator-visa", + "title": "Indefinite leave to remain if you have an Innovator visa", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be eligible for indefinite leave to remain if you have an Innovator visa.\n\nYou cannot apply until March 2022 at the earliest - 3 years after this way to settle was introduced.\n\nIndefinite leave to remain is how you settle in the UK. It gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible. You can use it to apply for British citizenship.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have:\n\n- lived in the UK for 3 years using an Innovator visa - you cannot include time spent in the UK using any other visa\n\n- a new endorsement that shows you\u2019ve met the requirements for growing your business\n\n## Knowledge of life in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re 18 to 64 you must pass the Life in the UK Test.\n\n## Time outside the UK\n\nYou must have spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months.\n\nIf you think you\u2019re affected by this rule, find out how to calculate your time in the UK (\u2018continuous residence\u2019).\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to apply 28 days before you\u2019re eligible. Your application may be refused if you apply earlier.\n\nDo not wait until your current visa expires. If your visa expires before you can apply for indefinite leave to remain, you\u2019ll need to renew it first.\n\n## Fees and how long it takes\n\nIt costs \u00a32,389 for each person applying. You can include your partner and children on the same application form, if they\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou also need to pay \u00a319.20 per person to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Getting endorsed\n\nBefore you can apply, you must show an approved body that you\u2019ve grown your business.\n\nIf you meet the criteria, the body will give you an endorsement letter to show that you\u2019re eligible for indefinite leave to remain.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your letter, you must apply for indefinite leave to remain within 3 months.\n\nYou do not need to use the same body that endorsed you for your Innovator visa.\n\n## Endorsement requirements\n\nYou must be actively managing and developing the business.\n\nYour business must be:\n\n- registered with Companies House, and you\u2019re either the director or a member\n\n- currently trading, and be able to continue for at least the next 12 months\n\nYour business must have done 2 of the following:\n\n- had \u00a350,000 of investment, which you\u2019ve spent on developing the business\n\n- doubled the number of customers in the last 3 years - and this number is higher than the average for similar businesses\n\n- applied for intellectual property protection in the UK\n\n- made \u00a31 million revenue in the last full year covered by accounts\n\n- made \u00a3500,000 revenue in the last full year covered by accounts, with \u00a3100,000 of this from exporting overseas\n\n- created the equivalent of 10 full-time jobs that have existed for 12 months\n\n- created the equivalent of 5 full-time jobs that have existed for 12 months, with an average salary of \u00a325,000 a year\n\nYou may have already met some of these criteria when you applied for your visa.\n\n## If you\u2019ve created jobs\n\nThe jobs you\u2019ve created must be for \u2018settled workers\u2019. A settled worker is someone who was one of the following when they started working for you:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- an EEA citizen who was living in the UK and working for you by 31 December 2020\n\n- a Commonwealth citizen with a UK Ancestry visa\n\n- someone with indefinite leave to remain or settled status\n\n## Family members\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application if they\u2019re eligible.\n\nYour partner and children can apply separately at a later date, for example if they\u2019re not eligible yet. They can continue to extend their visa as your dependant, even after you get indefinite leave to remain.\n\n## Eligibility for partners\n\nYour partner may qualify if all of the following apply:\n\n- they have permission to be in the UK as your partner (as a \u2018dependant\u2019 on your Innovator visa)\n\n- they\u2019ve lived in the UK with you as your dependant for at least 5 continuous years\n\n- your relationship is genuine\n\n- you intend to keep living together\n\n- you have enough income to support yourselves and your dependants\n\n- you\u2019re not using public funds (benefits)\n\nYour partner can include time they\u2019ve spent as your dependant on another visa to count towards the continuous years they need to qualify. They cannot count any time spent on their own visa (not as your dependant).\n\nYour partner must also:\n\n- pass the Life in the UK Test\n\n- meet the English language requirements\n\n## Eligibility for children\n\nYou can include children as dependants on your application if:\n\n- they have permission to be in the UK as your child (as a \u2018dependant\u2019 on your visa)\n\n- they are not married, in a civil partnership or living an independent life\n\n- they will live with you and be supported by you without relying on public funds (benefits)\n\n- you and your child\u2019s other parent are both currently applying to settle, or are already settled\n\nYour child can also apply to settle in one of the following situations:\n\n- you\u2019re the child\u2019s sole surviving parent\n\n- you have sole responsibility for your child, or they normally live with you\n\n- there are serious or compelling reasons why they should be allowed to stay, for example you or your child has a serious illness\n\n## Extra documents for children over 16\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prove:\n\n- where they live - if they do not live with you, you\u2019ll need to explain why\n\n- any rent or upkeep they pay you each month\n\n- that you support them financially if they do not live with you\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide 2 documents from this list to prove where they live:\n\n- bank statement\n\n- credit card bill\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- a letter from their current school, college or university, on headed paper and issued by an authorised official of that organisation\n\nThe documents you provide cannot be more than a month old on the date you make your application.\n\nIf your child lives away from home, you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- bank statements for you and your child covering the 3 months before the date you apply (to prove you\u2019ve supported them)\n\n- confirmation from their university or college on headed paper and issued by an authorised official (if they\u2019re studying)\n\n## Children 18 and over\n\nYou can only include older children in your application if they both:\n\n- were under 18 when they got permission to be in the UK as your dependant\n\n- still do not live an independent life - for example, they have not got married or had children\n\nThey also need to:\n\n- pass the Life in the UK Test\n\n- meet the English language requirements\n\nIf your child is over 18 by the time you apply and does not meet these requirements, they must apply separately.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou cannot apply for indefinite leave to remain using an Innovator visa until March 2022 at the earliest.\n\n## Other ways to stay in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible to apply using an Innovator visa, you may be able to stay in the UK another way. Check if you can:\n\n- extend your permission to stay in the UK\n\n- use a different way to apply for indefinite leave to remain", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for indefinite leave to remain if you have an Innovator visa.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply until March 2022 at the earliest - 3 years after this way to settle was introduced.

    ", + "

    Indefinite leave to remain is how you settle in the UK. It gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible. You can use it to apply for British citizenship.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You must have:

    ", + "
  • lived in the UK for 3 years using an Innovator visa - you cannot include time spent in the UK using any other visa
    • ", + "
  • a new endorsement that shows you\u2019ve met the requirements for growing your business
    • ", + "

    Knowledge of life in the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 18 to 64 you must pass the Life in the UK Test.

    ", + "

    Time outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must have spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months.

    ", + "

    If you think you\u2019re affected by this rule, find out how to calculate your time in the UK (\u2018continuous residence\u2019).

    ", + "

    When to apply

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to apply 28 days before you\u2019re eligible. Your application may be refused if you apply earlier.

    ", + "

    Do not wait until your current visa expires. If your visa expires before you can apply for indefinite leave to remain, you\u2019ll need to renew it first.

    ", + "

    Fees and how long it takes

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a32,389 for each person applying. You can include your partner and children on the same application form, if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You also need to pay \u00a319.20 per person to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.

    ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:

    ", + "
  • if your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • if you need to attend an interview
    • ", + "
  • because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction
    • ", + "

    Getting endorsed

    ", + "

    Before you can apply, you must show an approved body that you\u2019ve grown your business.

    ", + "

    If you meet the criteria, the body will give you an endorsement letter to show that you\u2019re eligible for indefinite leave to remain.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve got your letter, you must apply for indefinite leave to remain within 3 months.

    ", + "

    You do not need to use the same body that endorsed you for your Innovator visa.

    ", + "

    Endorsement requirements

    ", + "

    You must be actively managing and developing the business.

    ", + "

    Your business must be:

    ", + "
  • registered with Companies House, and you\u2019re either the director or a member
    • ", + "
  • currently trading, and be able to continue for at least the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    Your business must have done 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • had \u00a350,000 of investment, which you\u2019ve spent on developing the business
    • ", + "
  • doubled the number of customers in the last 3 years - and this number is higher than the average for similar businesses
    • ", + "
  • applied for intellectual property protection in the UK
    • ", + "
  • made \u00a31 million revenue in the last full year covered by accounts
    • ", + "
  • made \u00a3500,000 revenue in the last full year covered by accounts, with \u00a3100,000 of this from exporting overseas
    • ", + "
  • created the equivalent of 10 full-time jobs that have existed for 12 months
    • ", + "
  • created the equivalent of 5 full-time jobs that have existed for 12 months, with an average salary of \u00a325,000 a year
    • ", + "

    You may have already met some of these criteria when you applied for your visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve created jobs

    ", + "

    The jobs you\u2019ve created must be for \u2018settled workers\u2019. A settled worker is someone who was one of the following when they started working for you:

    ", + "
  • a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • an EEA citizen who was living in the UK and working for you by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • a Commonwealth citizen with a UK Ancestry visa
    • ", + "
  • someone with indefinite leave to remain or settled status
    • ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and children on your application if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply separately at a later date, for example if they\u2019re not eligible yet. They can continue to extend their visa as your dependant, even after you get indefinite leave to remain.

    ", + "

    Eligibility for partners

    ", + "

    Your partner may qualify if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they have permission to be in the UK as your partner (as a \u2018dependant\u2019 on your Innovator visa)
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019ve lived in the UK with you as your dependant for at least 5 continuous years
    • ", + "
  • your relationship is genuine
    • ", + "
  • you intend to keep living together
    • ", + "
  • you have enough income to support yourselves and your dependants
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not using public funds (benefits)
    • ", + "

    Your partner can include time they\u2019ve spent as your dependant on another visa to count towards the continuous years they need to qualify. They cannot count any time spent on their own visa (not as your dependant).

    ", + "

    Your partner must also:

    ", + "
  • pass the Life in the UK Test
    • ", + "
  • meet the English language requirements
    • ", + "

    Eligibility for children

    ", + "

    You can include children as dependants on your application if:

    ", + "
  • they have permission to be in the UK as your child (as a \u2018dependant\u2019 on your visa)
    • ", + "
  • they are not married, in a civil partnership or living an independent life
    • ", + "
  • they will live with you and be supported by you without relying on public funds (benefits)
    • ", + "
  • you and your child\u2019s other parent are both currently applying to settle, or are already settled
    • ", + "

    Your child can also apply to settle in one of the following situations:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child\u2019s sole surviving parent
    • ", + "
  • you have sole responsibility for your child, or they normally live with you
    • ", + "
  • there are serious or compelling reasons why they should be allowed to stay, for example you or your child has a serious illness
    • ", + "

    Extra documents for children over 16

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to prove:

    ", + "
  • where they live - if they do not live with you, you\u2019ll need to explain why
    • ", + "
  • any rent or upkeep they pay you each month
    • ", + "
  • that you support them financially if they do not live with you
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide 2 documents from this list to prove where they live:

    ", + "
  • bank statement
    • ", + "
  • credit card bill
    • ", + "
  • driving licence
    • ", + "
  • NHS registration document
    • ", + "
  • a letter from their current school, college or university, on headed paper and issued by an authorised official of that organisation
    • ", + "

    The documents you provide cannot be more than a month old on the date you make your application.

    ", + "

    If your child lives away from home, you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • bank statements for you and your child covering the 3 months before the date you apply (to prove you\u2019ve supported them)
    • ", + "
  • confirmation from their university or college on headed paper and issued by an authorised official (if they\u2019re studying)
    • ", + "

    Children 18 and over

    ", + "

    You can only include older children in your application if they both:

    ", + "
  • were under 18 when they got permission to be in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "
  • still do not live an independent life - for example, they have not got married or had children
    • ", + "

    They also need to:

    ", + "
  • pass the Life in the UK Test
    • ", + "
  • meet the English language requirements
    • ", + "

    If your child is over 18 by the time you apply and does not meet these requirements, they must apply separately.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for indefinite leave to remain using an Innovator visa until March 2022 at the earliest.

    ", + "

    Other ways to stay in the UK

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible to apply using an Innovator visa, you may be able to stay in the UK another way. Check if you can:

    ", + "
  • extend your permission to stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • use a different way to apply for indefinite leave to remain
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker-business-person-settlement": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker-business-person-settlement", + "title": "Apply for settlement if you're a Turkish Worker or Businessperson", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for indefinite leave to remain (settlement) if you\u2019re in the UK on a:\n\n- Turkish Worker visa\n\n- Turkish Businessperson visa\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply for settlement.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe application fee is \u00a32,389.\n\nYou also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\nIf you have family members applying for settlement with you, you\u2019ll need to pay the \u00a32,389 application fee and the \u00a319.20 biometric information fee for each person.\n\nIf your partner is applying to extend their visa, their fee is \u00a31,033 instead. They\u2019ll need to pay the healthcare surcharge.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nGetting indefinite leave to remain means you can continue to live and work in the UK for as long as you like. It will mean you\u2019re eligible:\n\n- to take up any job\n\n- to run a business\n\n- for public services, such as healthcare and schools\n\n- for public funds and pensions\n\n- for British citizenship, if you meet the requirements\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible to settle in the UK, you must have:\n\n- met the knowledge of language requirement\n\n- passed the Life in the UK test\n\n- registered with the police if you were told to\n\n- been living and working in the UK for the last 5 years without receiving public funds\n\n- spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months in the last 5 years\n\nYou must continue to run a business if you\u2019re on a Turkish Businessperson visa.\n\nYour application might be refused if, for example, you\u2019ve:\n\n- got a criminal record in the UK or another country\n\n- provided false or incomplete information to the Home Office\n\n- broken UK immigration law\n\nRead the guidance on why applications can be refused.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- previous passports showing you\u2019ve been living legally in the UK for the past 5 years - if your current passport does not show this\n\n- the unique reference code that proves you passed the English language requirement\n\n- your police registration certificate covering the past 5 years (unless you did not need to register)\n\n## If you\u2019re a Turkish Businessperson\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to prove that you\u2019re continuing to run a business. You might need to provide documents, such as:\n\n- invoices showing work done\n\n- business bank statements\n\n- proof of National Insurance contributions - if appropriate\n\n- advertising materials\n\n- proof of renting or having purchased business premises\n\n## Family members\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa if they are:\n\n- your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 5 years before applying to settle)\n\n- your child under 21 or in limited circumstances over 21 (including children born in the UK)\n\n## Partners applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\nIf your partner is applying for indefinite leave to remain, they must:\n\n- have been granted leave as your dependant\n\n- have lived in the UK with you for a continuous period of 5 years\n\n- have met the knowledge of language and Life in the UK test\n\n## Partners applying to extend their visa\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain, but your partner has not been here for 5 years on your visa they can apply to extend their visa.\n\nFor your partner to qualify, they must:\n\n- have last been granted entry clearance or leave to remain as your dependant\n\n- be living together with you in a genuine relationship\n\n- be living in suitable accommodation which you maintain without access to public funds\n\n- be registered with the police if they were told to\n\n## Children applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\nFor your children or child to apply for indefinite leave to remain, they must:\n\n- have been granted leave as your dependant\n\n- apply at the same time as both parents, or where both parents are settled already\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership, have formed an independent family unit or be leading an independent life\n\n- have met the knowledge of language requirement and Life in the UK test - if they\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- have registered with the police if they were told to and are 16 or over\n\nYour child may also be able to apply if one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re the child\u2019s only living parent\n\n- you have sole responsibility for them\n\n- there are serious reasons to let your child stay in the UK, for example they have a serious illness\n\n- their other parent is in the UK legally\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain, your child may be eligible to apply if their other parent is extending a Turkish visa.\n\n## Documents your family need to provide\n\nEach family member must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- 2 passport size colour photographs\n\n- proof of your relationship, for example a marriage or birth certificate, council tax bills or bank statements\n\n- proof they will live permanently with you, for example letters from your child\u2019s school or their doctor\n\n- proof that you have sole responsibility for any children aged under 21 if the other parent will not be in the UK (for example, written permission or relevant legal documents)\n\n## Apply\n\nYou can apply to settle in the UK (indefinite leave to remain). Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa. You must be in the UK to apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who you\u2019ve included in your application form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for indefinite leave to remain (settlement) if you\u2019re in the UK on a:

    ", + "
  • Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "
  • Turkish Businessperson visa
    • ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply for settlement.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    The application fee is \u00a32,389.

    ", + "

    You also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    ", + "

    If you have family members applying for settlement with you, you\u2019ll need to pay the \u00a32,389 application fee and the \u00a319.20 biometric information fee for each person.

    ", + "

    If your partner is applying to extend their visa, their fee is \u00a31,033 instead. They\u2019ll need to pay the healthcare surcharge.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay

    ", + "

    Getting indefinite leave to remain means you can continue to live and work in the UK for as long as you like. It will mean you\u2019re eligible:

    ", + "
  • to take up any job
    • ", + "
  • to run a business
    • ", + "
  • for public services, such as healthcare and schools
    • ", + "
  • for public funds and pensions
    • ", + "
  • for British citizenship, if you meet the requirements
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To be eligible to settle in the UK, you must have:

    ", + "
  • met the knowledge of language requirement
    • ", + "
  • passed the Life in the UK test
    • ", + "
  • registered with the police if you were told to
    • ", + "
  • been living and working in the UK for the last 5 years without receiving public funds
    • ", + "
  • spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months in the last 5 years
    • ", + "

    You must continue to run a business if you\u2019re on a Turkish Businessperson visa.

    ", + "

    Your application might be refused if, for example, you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • got a criminal record in the UK or another country
    • ", + "
  • provided false or incomplete information to the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • broken UK immigration law
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on why applications can be refused.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel identification
    • ", + "
  • previous passports showing you\u2019ve been living legally in the UK for the past 5 years - if your current passport does not show this
    • ", + "
  • the unique reference code that proves you passed the English language requirement
    • ", + "
  • your police registration certificate covering the past 5 years (unless you did not need to register)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a Turkish Businessperson

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to prove that you\u2019re continuing to run a business. You might need to provide documents, such as:

    ", + "
  • invoices showing work done
    • ", + "
  • business bank statements
    • ", + "
  • proof of National Insurance contributions - if appropriate
    • ", + "
  • advertising materials
    • ", + "
  • proof of renting or having purchased business premises
    • ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa if they are:

    ", + "
  • your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 5 years before applying to settle)
    • ", + "
  • your child under 21 or in limited circumstances over 21 (including children born in the UK)
    • ", + "

    Partners applying for indefinite leave to remain

    ", + "

    If your partner is applying for indefinite leave to remain, they must:

    ", + "
  • have been granted leave as your dependant
    • ", + "
  • have lived in the UK with you for a continuous period of 5 years
    • ", + "
  • have met the knowledge of language and Life in the UK test
    • ", + "

    Partners applying to extend their visa

    ", + "

    If you already have indefinite leave to remain, but your partner has not been here for 5 years on your visa they can apply to extend their visa.

    ", + "

    For your partner to qualify, they must:

    ", + "
  • have last been granted entry clearance or leave to remain as your dependant
    • ", + "
  • be living together with you in a genuine relationship
    • ", + "
  • be living in suitable accommodation which you maintain without access to public funds
    • ", + "
  • be registered with the police if they were told to
    • ", + "

    Children applying for indefinite leave to remain

    ", + "

    For your children or child to apply for indefinite leave to remain, they must:

    ", + "
  • have been granted leave as your dependant
    • ", + "
  • apply at the same time as both parents, or where both parents are settled already
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership, have formed an independent family unit or be leading an independent life
    • ", + "
  • have met the knowledge of language requirement and Life in the UK test - if they\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • have registered with the police if they were told to and are 16 or over
    • ", + "

    Your child may also be able to apply if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the child\u2019s only living parent
    • ", + "
  • you have sole responsibility for them
    • ", + "
  • there are serious reasons to let your child stay in the UK, for example they have a serious illness
    • ", + "
  • their other parent is in the UK legally
    • ", + "

    If you already have indefinite leave to remain, your child may be eligible to apply if their other parent is extending a Turkish visa.

    ", + "

    Documents your family need to provide

    ", + "

    Each family member must provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel identification
    • ", + "
  • 2 passport size colour photographs
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship, for example a marriage or birth certificate, council tax bills or bank statements
    • ", + "
  • proof they will live permanently with you, for example letters from your child\u2019s school or their doctor
    • ", + "
  • proof that you have sole responsibility for any children aged under 21 if the other parent will not be in the UK (for example, written permission or relevant legal documents)
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    You can apply to settle in the UK (indefinite leave to remain). Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa. You must be in the UK to apply.

    ", + "

    You must apply online.

    ", + "

    Get help using a computer to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with:

    ", + "
  • accessing a computer or the internet
    • ", + "
  • finding the right information on GOV.UK
    • ", + "

    You cannot get advice on:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re eligible to apply
    • ", + "
  • what information to put in your application
    • ", + "
  • an application you\u2019ve already made
    • ", + "

    Providing biometric information and supporting documents

    ", + "

    When you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).

    ", + "

    Any children aged 6 and over who you\u2019ve included in your application form must also provide biometric information.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:

    ", + "
  • upload them into the online service
    • ", + "
  • have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment
    • ", + "

    You must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/derivative-right-residence": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derivative-right-residence", + "title": "Derivative residence cards", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can no longer apply for a derivative residence card. If you already have a card, it will not be valid after 30 June 2021.\n\nIf you applied for a derivative residence card before 1 January 2021, you will get a decision on your application within 6 months.\n\n## Living in the UK after 30 June 2021\n\nYou can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020 and you\u2019re one of the following:\n\n- the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- a child of the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen\n\n- a child of a former worker from the EU, EEA or Switzerland and you\u2019re currently in education\n\nBeing a \u2018primary carer\u2019 means you\u2019re someone\u2019s main carer, or you share the responsibility with someone else at least equally, and you\u2019re their direct relative or legal guardian.\n\nIf you want to move to the UK on or after 1 January 2021, check if you need a UK visa.\n\n## If you have a derivative residence card\n\nUntil 30 June 2021, you can still use your card to:\n\n- help you re-enter the country quicker when you come back from abroad\n\n- show employers you\u2019re allowed to work in the UK\n\n- show relevant authorities (for example your local council) that you\u2019re allowed to live in the UK\n\n## Your card has not arrived\n\nEmail the Home Office on BRCDelivery@homeoffice.gov.uk if you have not received your derivative residence card within 10 working days of the date on your decision letter.\n\nInclude the following in your email:\n\n- your full name, date of birth and nationality\n\n- your passport number\n\n- your case reference number\n\n- a contact telephone number\n\n- your delivery address\n\n## Correct mistakes on your card\n\nEmail the Home Office on BRCError@homeoffice.gov.uk within 10 days of receiving your derivative residence card if there\u2019s a mistake on it.\n\nInclude the following in your email:\n\n- your full name, date of birth and nationality\n\n- your passport number\n\n- your derivative residence card reference number\n\n- your case reference number\n\n- a contact telephone number\n\n- details of exactly what information is wrong\n\n## Report a lost or stolen card\n\n## Your card has been lost or stolen\n\nEmail BRCLost@homeoffice.gov.uk immediately if your derivative residence card has been lost or stolen. You must include:\n\n- your full name, date of birth and nationality\n\n- your contact details\n\n- your passport number\n\n- your derivative residence card reference number\n\n- your police case reference number\n\n- when, where and how the loss or theft occurred\n\nYou must contact the police to report the loss or theft and get a police case reference number.\n\n## Your card is damaged\n\nReport a damaged card to BRCError@homeoffice.gov.uk.\n\nInclude the following in your email:\n\n- your full name, date of birth and nationality\n\n- your contact details\n\n- your passport number\n\n- your derivative residence card reference number\n\n- what the damage is\n\nYou can also send this information by post.\n\n## Replacement derivative residence cards\n\nYou can no longer apply for a replacement derivative residence card.\n\nIf your card is lost, stolen, damaged or destroyed, you\u2019ll need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If your passport has expired\n\nYou cannot transfer your card to a new passport.\n\nYou can still use your existing card if it\u2019s valid, but when you travel you must also show both:\n\n- your new passport\n\n- your old passport, if it includes your derivative residence card", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can no longer apply for a derivative residence card. If you already have a card, it will not be valid after 30 June 2021.

    ", + "

    If you applied for a derivative residence card before 1 January 2021, you will get a decision on your application within 6 months.

    ", + "

    Living in the UK after 30 June 2021

    ", + "

    You can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020 and you\u2019re one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • a child of the primary carer of a British, EU, EEA or Swiss citizen
    • ", + "
  • a child of a former worker from the EU, EEA or Switzerland and you\u2019re currently in education
    • ", + "

    Being a \u2018primary carer\u2019 means you\u2019re someone\u2019s main carer, or you share the responsibility with someone else at least equally, and you\u2019re their direct relative or legal guardian.

    ", + "

    If you want to move to the UK on or after 1 January 2021, check if you need a UK visa.

    ", + "

    If you have a derivative residence card

    ", + "

    Until 30 June 2021, you can still use your card to:

    ", + "
  • help you re-enter the country quicker when you come back from abroad
    • ", + "
  • show employers you\u2019re allowed to work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • show relevant authorities (for example your local council) that you\u2019re allowed to live in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your card has not arrived

    ", + "

    Email the Home Office on BRCDelivery@homeoffice.gov.uk if you have not received your derivative residence card within 10 working days of the date on your decision letter.

    ", + "

    Include the following in your email:

    ", + "
  • your full name, date of birth and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your passport number
    • ", + "
  • your case reference number
    • ", + "
  • a contact telephone number
    • ", + "
  • your delivery address
    • ", + "

    Correct mistakes on your card

    ", + "

    Email the Home Office on BRCError@homeoffice.gov.uk within 10 days of receiving your derivative residence card if there\u2019s a mistake on it.

    ", + "

    Include the following in your email:

    ", + "
  • your full name, date of birth and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your passport number
    • ", + "
  • your derivative residence card reference number
    • ", + "
  • your case reference number
    • ", + "
  • a contact telephone number
    • ", + "
  • details of exactly what information is wrong
    • ", + "

    Report a lost or stolen card

    ", + "

    Your card has been lost or stolen

    ", + "

    Email BRCLost@homeoffice.gov.uk immediately if your derivative residence card has been lost or stolen. You must include:

    ", + "
  • your full name, date of birth and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your contact details
    • ", + "
  • your passport number
    • ", + "
  • your derivative residence card reference number
    • ", + "
  • your police case reference number
    • ", + "
  • when, where and how the loss or theft occurred
    • ", + "

    You must contact the police to report the loss or theft and get a police case reference number.

    ", + "

    Your card is damaged

    ", + "

    Report a damaged card to BRCError@homeoffice.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    Include the following in your email:

    ", + "
  • your full name, date of birth and nationality
    • ", + "
  • your contact details
    • ", + "
  • your passport number
    • ", + "
  • your derivative residence card reference number
    • ", + "
  • what the damage is
    • ", + "

    You can also send this information by post.

    ", + "

    Replacement derivative residence cards

    ", + "

    You can no longer apply for a replacement derivative residence card.

    ", + "

    If your card is lost, stolen, damaged or destroyed, you\u2019ll need to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.

    ", + "

    If your passport has expired

    ", + "

    You cannot transfer your card to a new passport.

    ", + "

    You can still use your existing card if it\u2019s valid, but when you travel you must also show both:

    ", + "
  • your new passport
    • ", + "
  • your old passport, if it includes your derivative residence card
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/english-language": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/english-language", + "title": "Prove your knowledge of English for citizenship and settling", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou might need to prove your knowledge of the English language if you\u2019re 18 or over and applying for citizenship or to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019).\n\nYou can prove it by having either:\n\n- an English qualification at B1, B2, C1 or C2 level\n\n- a degree taught or researched in English\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English in certain circumstances.\n\nYour citizenship or settlement application will be refused if you send the wrong qualifications.\n\n## If you need more time\n\nIf you\u2019re already in the UK you may be able to extend your permission to stay, so that you can prove your knowledge of English.\n\nCheck the guide for your current visa for instructions on how to apply for an extension.\n\n## Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re:\n\n- aged 65 or over\n\n- unable to, because of a long-term physical or mental condition\n\nYou must provide a completed exemption form from a doctor confirming your physical or mental condition.\n\n## Nationalities that are exempt\n\nYou will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a citizen of:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- The Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Ireland (for citizenship only)\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\nIf you\u2019re from a country that\u2019s not on the list you\u2019ll need to prove your knowledge of English, even if English is an official language.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for citizenship\n\nThere are no other exemptions if you\u2019re applying to become a British citizen. You must have a relevant English language qualification even if you were exempt when you were granted settlement.\n\n## Exemptions if you\u2019re applying to settle\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re applying as:\n\n- a victim of domestic violence as the partner or spouse of a British citizen or someone settled in the UK\n\n- the partner or spouse of a person who has died who was either a British citizen or someone settled in the UK\n\n- an adult dependent relative between 18 and 64 of someone who is present and settled in the UK, is a refugee or has humanitarian protection\n\n- a refugee living in the UK\n\n- someone living in the UK with discretionary leave\n\n- someone living in the UK for with humanitarian protection\n\n- someone who has permission to stay in the UK as a retired person of independent means\n\n- a Commonwealth citizen on discharge from HM Forces, including Gurkhas\n\n- someone in exceptional circumstances, for example as an orphan, widow or over-age dependant\n\n## Approved English language qualifications\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by having a recognised English test qualification from an approved test centre.\n\nYou need to have a certificate to prove you have the qualification, or be able to view your results online.\n\nYou can only use English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) qualifications if they\u2019re on the list. You cannot use other qualifications, for example GCSEs, A levels or National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs).\n\n## If your qualification has run out\n\nSome recognised test qualifications only last for 2 years. You can still use a B1 level qualification that you took more than 2 years ago in 2 situations.\n\n## Applying for citizenship\n\nYou can use a B1 level qualification that\u2019s run out if you\u2019re applying for citizenship and it was accepted when you settled in the UK.\n\nIt does not matter if the B1 level test you took is not on the current list of recognised tests. You do not need to take another test.\n\n## Applying to settle in the UK\n\nYou can use a B1 level qualification that\u2019s run out if both of the following are true:\n\n- it\u2019s on the current list of recognised tests\n\n- it was accepted for another UK immigration application, for example when you got permission to enter\n\n## If your degree was taught or researched in English\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by having a degree that was taught or researched in English.\n\nIf your degree is from a UK university, you only need your degree certificate.\n\nIf your degree is not from a UK university you\u2019ll need:\n\n- a copy of your degree certificate\n\n- an Academic Qualification Level Statement (AQUALS) from Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) confirming the degree is equivalent to a UK qualification.\n\nIf your degree is from a non-majority English-speaking country you\u2019ll also need an English Language Proficiency Statement (ELPS) from Ecctis confirming the degree was taught in English.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lost your certificate or you\u2019re waiting for graduation\n\nYou must have proof that you\u2019ve passed your degree. This can be either:\n\n- an official transcript with your name, the name of the institution, your degree and confirmation of the award\n\n- an official letter from your university confirming it cannot reissue your certificate or when it will be issued\n\nYour letter must include:\n\n- your name\n\n- your degree\n\n- the date the degree was or will be awarded", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You might need to prove your knowledge of the English language if you\u2019re 18 or over and applying for citizenship or to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019).

    ", + "

    You can prove it by having either:

    ", + "
  • an English qualification at B1, B2, C1 or C2 level
    • ", + "
  • a degree taught or researched in English
    • ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English in certain circumstances.

    ", + "

    Your citizenship or settlement application will be refused if you send the wrong qualifications.

    ", + "

    If you need more time

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already in the UK you may be able to extend your permission to stay, so that you can prove your knowledge of English.

    ", + "

    Check the guide for your current visa for instructions on how to apply for an extension.

    ", + "

    Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • aged 65 or over
    • ", + "
  • unable to, because of a long-term physical or mental condition
    • ", + "

    You must provide a completed exemption form from a doctor confirming your physical or mental condition.

    ", + "

    Nationalities that are exempt

    ", + "

    You will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a citizen of:

    ", + "
  • Antigua and Barbuda
    • ", + "
  • Australia
    • ", + "
  • The Bahamas
    • ", + "
  • Barbados
    • ", + "
  • Belize
    • ", + "
  • Canada
    • ", + "
  • Dominica
    • ", + "
  • Grenada
    • ", + "
  • Guyana
    • ", + "
  • Jamaica
    • ", + "
  • Ireland (for citizenship only)
    • ", + "
  • Malta
    • ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "
  • St Kitts and Nevis
    • ", + "
  • St Lucia
    • ", + "
  • St Vincent and the Grenadines
    • ", + "
  • Trinidad and Tobago
    • ", + "
  • USA
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re from a country that\u2019s not on the list you\u2019ll need to prove your knowledge of English, even if English is an official language.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying for citizenship

    ", + "

    There are no other exemptions if you\u2019re applying to become a British citizen. You must have a relevant English language qualification even if you were exempt when you were granted settlement.

    ", + "

    Exemptions if you\u2019re applying to settle

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re applying as:

    ", + "
  • a victim of domestic violence as the partner or spouse of a British citizen or someone settled in the UK
    • ", + "
  • the partner or spouse of a person who has died who was either a British citizen or someone settled in the UK
    • ", + "
  • an adult dependent relative between 18 and 64 of someone who is present and settled in the UK, is a refugee or has humanitarian protection
    • ", + "
  • a refugee living in the UK
    • ", + "
  • someone living in the UK with discretionary leave
    • ", + "
  • someone living in the UK for with humanitarian protection
    • ", + "
  • someone who has permission to stay in the UK as a retired person of independent means
    • ", + "
  • a Commonwealth citizen on discharge from HM Forces, including Gurkhas
    • ", + "
  • someone in exceptional circumstances, for example as an orphan, widow or over-age dependant
    • ", + "

    Approved English language qualifications

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by having a recognised English test qualification from an approved test centre.

    ", + "

    You need to have a certificate to prove you have the qualification, or be able to view your results online.

    ", + "

    You can only use English for Speakers of Other Languages (ESOL) qualifications if they\u2019re on the list. You cannot use other qualifications, for example GCSEs, A levels or National Vocational Qualifications (NVQs).

    ", + "

    If your qualification has run out

    ", + "

    Some recognised test qualifications only last for 2 years. You can still use a B1 level qualification that you took more than 2 years ago in 2 situations.

    ", + "

    Applying for citizenship

    ", + "

    You can use a B1 level qualification that\u2019s run out if you\u2019re applying for citizenship and it was accepted when you settled in the UK.

    ", + "

    It does not matter if the B1 level test you took is not on the current list of recognised tests. You do not need to take another test.

    ", + "

    Applying to settle in the UK

    ", + "

    You can use a B1 level qualification that\u2019s run out if both of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s on the current list of recognised tests
    • ", + "
  • it was accepted for another UK immigration application, for example when you got permission to enter
    • ", + "

    If your degree was taught or researched in English

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by having a degree that was taught or researched in English.

    ", + "

    If your degree is from a UK university, you only need your degree certificate.

    ", + "

    If your degree is not from a UK university you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • a copy of your degree certificate
    • ", + "
  • an Academic Qualification Level Statement (AQUALS) from Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) confirming the degree is equivalent to a UK qualification.
    • ", + "

    If your degree is from a non-majority English-speaking country you\u2019ll also need an English Language Proficiency Statement (ELPS) from Ecctis confirming the degree was taught in English.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lost your certificate or you\u2019re waiting for graduation

    ", + "

    You must have proof that you\u2019ve passed your degree. This can be either:

    ", + "
  • an official transcript with your name, the name of the institution, your degree and confirmation of the award
    • ", + "
  • an official letter from your university confirming it cannot reissue your certificate or when it will be issued
    • ", + "

    Your letter must include:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your degree
    • ", + "
  • the date the degree was or will be awarded
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/life-in-the-uk-test": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/life-in-the-uk-test", + "title": "Life in the UK Test", + "content": "## Book the Life in the UK Test\n\nThis is the only official government service for booking the Life in the UK Test. You need to take the test as part of your application for British citizenship or settlement in the UK.\n\nYou must book your Life in the UK Test online at least 3 days in advance. It costs \u00a350.\n\nThere are over 30 test centres in the UK. You can choose where to take your test when you book.\n\n## Prepare for the test\n\nYou\u2019ll be tested on information in the official handbook for the Life in the UK Test. You should study it to prepare for the test. The handbook is available as a book, an eBook, an e-Learning subscription or in audio formats.\n\nYou\u2019ll have 45 minutes to answer 24 questions about British traditions and customs.\n\n## Book the test\n\nYou need all of the following to book a test:\n\n- email address\n\n- debit or credit card\n\n- an accepted form of ID\n\nStart now\n\n## Accepted forms of ID\n\nYou can use one of the following as ID to book the test:\n\n- valid passport\n\n- valid travel document with a photo (you cannot use an emergency travel document)\n\n- biometric residence permit\n\n- biometric residence card\n\nCheck the \u2018Identification requirements\u2019 document to make sure the ID you have is acceptable.\n\nEmail nationalityenquiries@homeoffice.gov.uk for help if you do not have any of these documents.\n\nThe name you give on your test booking must be an exact match with the name on the ID you use to book the test.\n\nIf you have a previous gender (including a different name) that you do not want the test centre staff to see or for it to show on your test result, email\u00a0sensitivebookings@homeoffice.gov.uk\u00a0before booking your test. They\u2019ll tell you what you need to do.\n\n## If you have a disability\n\nYou can make special requests when you book your test, for example if you have a disability and need extra equipment or help accessing the centre.\n\n## Get help\n\nContact the Life in the UK Test Helpline if you need help with your booking.\n\n## When you do not need to take the test\n\nYou do not need to take the test if you:\n\n- are under 18\n\n- are 65 or over\n\n- have passed it before - for example, if you\u2019re applying to become a citizen and already passed it as part of your settlement application\n\n- have a long-term physical or mental condition - you must provide either a form or letter from a doctor confirming your physical or mental condition\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.\n\n## What happens at the test\n\nYou have 45 minutes to answer 24 questions based on the Life in the UK handbook.\n\nYou cannot bring children or other family members with you to the centre.\n\n## What to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring the same ID that you used to book the test. Your photo will also be taken on the day to confirm your ID.\n\nYou will not be able to take the test and you will not get a refund if you do not bring the correct ID or if you refuse to have your photo taken.\n\n## If you pass the test\n\nYou must score 75% or more to pass the test.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018unique reference number\u2019. You\u2019ll need this number to complete your citizenship or settlement application. The Home Office will use it to check that you\u2019ve passed.\n\nIf you took your test before 17 December 2019, you\u2019ll have a letter with a \u2018test reference ID\u2019 instead of a unique reference number.\n\nIf you have lost your letter, send a letter explaining that you have lost it with your citizenship or settlement application.\n\n## If you fail the test\n\nYou must wait 7 days before taking the test again, but you can take the test as many times as you need to. You need to book and pay again each time.\n\n## Cancellations, refunds and complaints\n\nYou must cancel your test if you cannot make it.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a refund if you cancel your test at least 3 days (72 hours) before you\u2019re due to take the test. You will not get a refund if you cancel or rearrange within 3 days of your test.\n\n## How to cancel\n\n- Sign into your Life in the UK account.\n\n- Select \u2018Confirmed tests\u2019.\n\n- Select \u2018Cancel tests\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for a refund due to cancellation, the \u00a350 fee will be refunded to the card you used to book the test - you do not need to contact UK Visas and Immigration.\n\nYou can then book a test on another date.\n\n## Ask for a refund\n\nYou can ask for a refund if the test centre cancels the test.\n\nYou cannot ask for a refund for any other reason, for example if you brought the wrong ID, you were ill, you were late, you did not bring the right documents or you refused to have your photo taken.\n\nYou must ask for a refund within 3 months of the test date. The fee will be refunded to the card you used to book the test.\n\nContact PSI to ask for a refund.\n\nOr write to PSI e-Assessments.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nContact PSI to make a complaint.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a response within 10 working days.\n\nYou must make your complaint within 3 months of the test date.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Book the Life in the UK Test

    ", + "

    This is the only official government service for booking the Life in the UK Test. You need to take the test as part of your application for British citizenship or settlement in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must book your Life in the UK Test online at least 3 days in advance. It costs \u00a350.

    ", + "

    There are over 30 test centres in the UK. You can choose where to take your test when you book.

    ", + "

    Prepare for the test

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be tested on information in the official handbook for the Life in the UK Test. You should study it to prepare for the test. The handbook is available as a book, an eBook, an e-Learning subscription or in audio formats.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have 45 minutes to answer 24 questions about British traditions and customs.

    ", + "

    Book the test

    ", + "

    You need all of the following to book a test:

    ", + "
  • email address
    • ", + "
  • debit or credit card
    • ", + "
  • an accepted form of ID
    • ", + "

    Start now

    ", + "

    Accepted forms of ID

    ", + "

    You can use one of the following as ID to book the test:

    ", + "
  • valid passport
    • ", + "
  • valid travel document with a photo (you cannot use an emergency travel document)
    • ", + "
  • biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • biometric residence card
    • ", + "

    Check the \u2018Identification requirements\u2019 document to make sure the ID you have is acceptable.

    ", + "

    Email nationalityenquiries@homeoffice.gov.uk for help if you do not have any of these documents.

    ", + "

    The name you give on your test booking must be an exact match with the name on the ID you use to book the test.

    ", + "

    If you have a previous gender (including a different name) that you do not want the test centre staff to see or for it to show on your test result, email\u00a0sensitivebookings@homeoffice.gov.uk\u00a0before booking your test. They\u2019ll tell you what you need to do.

    ", + "

    If you have a disability

    ", + "

    You can make special requests when you book your test, for example if you have a disability and need extra equipment or help accessing the centre.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the Life in the UK Test Helpline if you need help with your booking.

    ", + "

    When you do not need to take the test

    ", + "

    You do not need to take the test if you:

    ", + "
  • are under 18
    • ", + "
  • are 65 or over
    • ", + "
  • have passed it before - for example, if you\u2019re applying to become a citizen and already passed it as part of your settlement application
    • ", + "
  • have a long-term physical or mental condition - you must provide either a form or letter from a doctor confirming your physical or mental condition
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.

    ", + "

    What happens at the test

    ", + "

    You have 45 minutes to answer 24 questions based on the Life in the UK handbook.

    ", + "

    You cannot bring children or other family members with you to the centre.

    ", + "

    What to bring to your test

    ", + "

    You must bring the same ID that you used to book the test. Your photo will also be taken on the day to confirm your ID.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to take the test and you will not get a refund if you do not bring the correct ID or if you refuse to have your photo taken.

    ", + "

    If you pass the test

    ", + "

    You must score 75% or more to pass the test.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018unique reference number\u2019. You\u2019ll need this number to complete your citizenship or settlement application. The Home Office will use it to check that you\u2019ve passed.

    ", + "

    If you took your test before 17 December 2019, you\u2019ll have a letter with a \u2018test reference ID\u2019 instead of a unique reference number.

    ", + "

    If you have lost your letter, send a letter explaining that you have lost it with your citizenship or settlement application.

    ", + "

    If you fail the test

    ", + "

    You must wait 7 days before taking the test again, but you can take the test as many times as you need to. You need to book and pay again each time.

    ", + "

    Cancellations, refunds and complaints

    ", + "

    You must cancel your test if you cannot make it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a refund if you cancel your test at least 3 days (72 hours) before you\u2019re due to take the test. You will not get a refund if you cancel or rearrange within 3 days of your test.

    ", + "

    How to cancel

    ", + "
  • Sign into your Life in the UK account.
    • ", + "
  • Select \u2018Confirmed tests\u2019.
    • ", + "
  • Select \u2018Cancel tests\u2019.
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for a refund due to cancellation, the \u00a350 fee will be refunded to the card you used to book the test - you do not need to contact UK Visas and Immigration.

    ", + "

    You can then book a test on another date.

    ", + "

    Ask for a refund

    ", + "

    You can ask for a refund if the test centre cancels the test.

    ", + "

    You cannot ask for a refund for any other reason, for example if you brought the wrong ID, you were ill, you were late, you did not bring the right documents or you refused to have your photo taken.

    ", + "

    You must ask for a refund within 3 months of the test date. The fee will be refunded to the card you used to book the test.

    ", + "

    Contact PSI to ask for a refund.

    ", + "

    Or write to PSI e-Assessments.

    ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    Contact PSI to make a complaint.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a response within 10 working days.

    ", + "

    You must make your complaint within 3 months of the test date.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/claim-asylum": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-asylum", + "title": "Claim asylum in the UK", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou must apply for asylum if you want to stay in the UK as a refugee.\n\nTo be eligible you must have left your country and be unable to go back because you fear persecution.\n\nApply for a visa if you want to come to the UK for another reason (for example to work, study or remain with family). If you\u2019re already in the UK and want to remain with family living here, apply for a family of a settled person visa.\n\nYou should apply when you arrive in the UK or as soon as you think it would be unsafe for you to return to your own country. Your application is more likely to be denied if you wait.\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll have a meeting with an immigration officer (known as a \u2018screening\u2019).\n\nAfter your screening the Home Office will decide if your claim can be considered in the UK. If it can, you\u2019ll have an asylum interview with a caseworker.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision on your application within 6 months.\n\nYou can get up to 2 years in prison or have to leave the UK if you give false information on your application.\n\n## Waiting for your decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be told after your screening what you must do while you\u2019re waiting for your asylum decision, for example report to a caseworker regularly (known as \u2018reporting meetings\u2019).\n\nYou must tell the authorities if your situation changes.\n\nYou will not usually be allowed to work while your asylum claim is being considered.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- getting legal representation for your asylum claim\n\n- living in the UK while you wait for your decision\n\n## Children applying on their own\n\nYou can apply as a child on your own if you do not have an adult relative who is also claiming asylum.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo stay in the UK as a refugee you must be unable to live safely in any part of your own country because you fear persecution there.\n\nIf you\u2019re stateless, your own country is the country you usually live in.\n\nThis persecution must be because of:\n\n- your race\n\n- your religion\n\n- your nationality\n\n- your political opinion\n\n- anything else that puts you at risk because of the social, cultural, religious or political situation in your country, for example, your gender, gender identity or sexual orientation\n\nYou must have failed to get protection from authorities in your own country.\n\n## When your claim might not be considered\n\nYour claim might not be considered if you:\n\n- are from an EU country\n\n- travelled to the UK through a \u2018safe third country\u2019\n\n- have a connection to a safe third country where you could claim asylum\n\nGenerally, a safe third country is one that:\n\n- you\u2019re not a citizen of\n\n- you would not be harmed in\n\n- would not send you on to another country where you would be harmed\n\n## Family members\n\nYou can include your partner and your children under 18 as \u2018dependants\u2019 in your application if they\u2019re with you in the UK.\n\nYour children under 18 and your partner can also make their own applications at the same time, but they will not be treated as your dependants.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need documents for yourself and your dependants (partner and children under 18) for your asylum screening.\n\nDocuments you should bring (if you have them) include:\n\n- passports and travel documents\n\n- police registration certificates\n\n- identification documents, for example identity cards, birth and marriage certificates or school records\n\n- anything you think will help your application\n\n## Documents to prove your UK address\n\nIf you\u2019re already in the UK, you and your dependants must bring documents that prove your UK address.\n\nYou\u2019ll need different documents depending on whether you\u2019re living in your own accommodation or staying with someone else.\n\n## Living in your own accommodation\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide documents showing your full name and address. This could be a:\n\n- bank statement\n\n- housing benefit book\n\n- council tax notice\n\n- tenancy agreement\n\n- household bill\n\n## Staying with someone else\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a recent letter (less than 3 months old) from the person you\u2019re staying with to confirm you have their permission to stay\n\n- documents showing the full name and address of the person you\u2019re staying with, like a council tax notice, tenancy agreement or household bill\n\n## Register your asylum claim\n\nYou register your asylum claim at a \u2018screening\u2019. This is a meeting with an immigration officer where you tell them about your case.\n\nYou\u2019ll have your screening at the UK border if you claim asylum as soon as you arrive. You can also be screened once you\u2019re in the UK if you become eligible for asylum.\n\nAt your screening you\u2019ll:\n\n- be photographed\n\n- have your fingerprints taken\n\n- have an interview to check who you are and where you\u2019re from\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked why you want asylum. You can bring written evidence to support your claim if you want, as well as your identification documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to say if you or your dependants are taking any medication and give any relevant medical information.\n\nYou can ask for a male or female interviewer, but your choice might not always be available.\n\n## Screening at the UK border\n\nYou must tell a Border Force officer that you want to claim asylum.\n\nYour application will be registered and you\u2019ll be screened - ask for an interpreter if you need one.\n\n## Screening in the UK\n\nYou must call the asylum intake unit if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll call you back and ask simple questions about you and your family. You will not be asked why you\u2019re claiming asylum during this telephone call.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked if you need help with housing. You might also be asked questions relating to coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nThe call may take up to 30 minutes.\n\nYou do not need to make an appointment if you have nowhere to live - call the asylum intake unit to find out what asylum registration location you should go to and its opening hours.\n\nTell the asylum intake unit if you need any other dependants on your claim to be present at any stage of your asylum registration, for example the welfare interview, or if you\u2019re a child and need to be accompanied. You can ask to have an interpreter at your screening.\n\nYour appointment might be in a temporary location.\n\n## Attending your appointment\n\nBecause of coronavirus, attend your appointment alone or with any dependants claiming asylum with you.\n\nIf you\u2019re helping a child register their own asylum claim, only you can go with them to their appointment.\n\nYou must bring the documents you need for your application.\n\nYou must also bring any dependants (partner and children under 18) who are claiming asylum with you.\n\nIf you show up without an appointment, you may be asked to come back another day.\n\nYou cannot get financial help for travel to or from the asylum intake unit.\n\nTell the appointment service if your situation changes before your appointment date, for example if you can no longer stay where you are living.\n\n## After your screening\n\nAfter your screening, the Home Office will review your case and decide whether it can be considered in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent an asylum registration card (ARC) to your UK address, unless you\u2019ve been detained.\n\nIf the Home Office cannot send you an ARC immediately, they\u2019ll send you an appointment letter telling you what to do next.\n\nYou might also be sent a \u2018preliminary information questionnaire\u2019. If you get one, fill it in and return it by the deadline - the address and deadline are written on the letter that comes with the questionnaire. If you cannot fill it in, call the Home Office asylum team. Their phone number is on the letter.\n\nIf your case can be considered in the UK, it will be given to a caseworker.\n\n## If your case cannot be considered in the UK\n\nYou may be sent to a safe country that will consider your asylum claim. This might happen if you\u2019ve travelled to the UK through a safe third country or you have a connection with another country that you could claim asylum in.\n\nGenerally, a safe country is one that:\n\n- you\u2019re not a citizen of\n\n- you would not be harmed in\n\n- would not send you on to another country where you would be harmed\n\nThe Home Office can decide to send you to a safe country after either your screening or your asylum interview.\n\nIf the Home Office cannot place you in another safe country, your case will be considered in the UK and given to a caseworker.\n\n## Caseworkers\n\nYou\u2019ll have an asylum interview with your caseworker. They\u2019ll make a decision about your application.\n\nThey\u2019ll also explain the asylum process and tell you what to do while you wait for an asylum decision, such as go to regular reporting meetings.\n\nYou may be detained if you do not go to your reporting meetings.\n\nTell your caseworker if you have any special needs, for example if you have a disability or need medication.\n\n## Your ARC\n\nThe ARC shows you\u2019ve applied for asylum. You can use it to:\n\n- show who you are\n\n- show whether you have permission to work\n\n- get health or education services\n\nYou must take your ARC with you when you go to your reporting meetings.\n\n## If you do not have your ARC\n\nContact the Home Office using the online form if you have any problems - for example:\n\n- you\u2019ve not got your ARC through the post\n\n- you\u2019ve lost it\n\n- it\u2019s been stolen\n\n- it\u2019s expired\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to give your Home Office or port reference number, and your ARC reference (if you know it).\n\n## Being detained\n\nYou may be detained at an immigration removal centre while you wait for a decision on your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll either be:\n\n- released if you get permission to stay in the UK\n\n- held until you\u2019re removed from the UK if you do not get permission to stay\n\nYou can also be detained and removed if it\u2019s decided that another country is responsible for offering you asylum.\n\nYou may be able to appeal against the decision.\n\n## When you will not be detained\n\nYou will not usually be detained if:\n\n- you\u2019re a child\n\n- you\u2019re elderly\n\n- you\u2019re a family with children\n\n- you\u2019re pregnant\n\n- you\u2019re accepted as being a victim of trafficking\n\n- you\u2019re able to provide independent evidence of torture\n\n- you have a mental or physical condition that cannot be managed or would present a risk to others in an immigration removal centre\n\n## Asylum interview\n\nYour asylum interview will take place soon after your screening.\n\nYour application will usually be rejected if you do not go to your asylum interview.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you when and where to attend and if any of your dependants also need to be interviewed.\n\n## The interview\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be interviewed alone, without your family members. An interpreter will be provided, if you need one.\n\nThe information you provide will be treated in confidence and will not be disclosed to the authorities in your own country.\n\nUse this interview to explain:\n\n- how you were persecuted in your country\n\n- why you\u2019re afraid to go back to your country\n\nYou may be asked questions about difficult topics but it\u2019s important that you explain what has happened to you and your family.\n\nYou must tell the caseworker everything you want them to consider or it can count against you.\n\nBring all the evidence you have of your persecution. You may be asked to send further evidence to your caseworker after the interview, if they think it might help your application.\n\nYou should also bring your birth certificate, passport and medical records if you have them.\n\nYour caseworker will make notes in a document called an \u2018interview record\u2019. You\u2019ll get a copy of this at the end of the interview.\n\n## Legal representative\n\nYou can bring a legal representative to this interview, for example a lawyer or solicitor. Find out if you can get help paying for legal advice about asylum.\n\nYour interview will take place even if your legal representative is not there. You cannot ask for more time to get a legal representative.\n\nYou can ask for this interview to be tape recorded if you do not have legal representation. Ask your caseworker at least one day before.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYour application will usually be decided within 6 months. It may take longer if it\u2019s complicated, for example:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend more interviews\n\n- your personal circumstances need to be checked, for example because you have a criminal conviction or you\u2019re currently being prosecuted\n\nAsk your legal adviser if you want an update on your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given or refused permission to stay in one of the following ways.\n\n## Permission to stay as a refugee\n\nYou and your dependants may be given permission to stay in the UK for 5 years if you qualify for asylum. This is known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019.\n\nAfter 5 years, you can apply to settle in the UK.\n\n## Permission to stay for humanitarian reasons\n\nYou may get permission to stay for humanitarian reasons if you do not qualify for asylum. This means you need to stay in the UK for your protection.\n\nYou and your dependants may be given permission to stay in the UK for 5 years. This is known as \u2018leave to enter\u2019 or \u2018leave to remain\u2019.\n\nAfter 5 years, you can apply to settle in the UK.\n\n## Permission to stay for other reasons\n\nYou may get permission to stay for other reasons if you do not qualify for permission to stay as a refugee or for humanitarian reasons.\n\nHow long you can stay will depend on your situation.\n\nYou may be able to apply to extend your stay or settle in the UK towards the end of your stay.\n\n## No reason to stay\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to leave the UK if you do not qualify for asylum and your caseworker decides there\u2019s no other reason for you to stay.\n\nYou may be able to appeal against the decision.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to leave if you do not appeal in the time allowed, or if your appeal is unsuccessful. You can:\n\n- leave by yourself - you can get help with returning home\n\n- be forced to leave - you\u2019ll get a letter before this happens, then you may be detained without warning at an immigration removal centre and then removed from the UK\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get help from asylum helplines run by charities.\n\nThey can help with:\n\n- explaining your asylum claim, for example getting a solicitor or lawyer to represent you\n\n- living in the UK while your claim is being considered, for example getting asylum support, housing problems, dealing with agencies or finding English language classes and schools\n\n## Legal advice\n\nYou can get legal advice to help your asylum claim.\n\n## Housing and money\n\nYou may also be able to get housing and money (\u2018asylum support\u2019) to support you and your family. This will only start from the day of your screening if you qualify.\n\n## Help returning home\n\nYou may be able to get help with returning home.\n\n## If you're under 18\n\nThis information is for children applying on their own.\n\nIf you have an adult relative who\u2019s claiming asylum you should apply as part of that relative\u2019s application instead.\n\n## You\u2019re not in the care of social services\n\nYou should use the walk-in service at the asylum intake unit.\n\n## If you have an adult who is legally responsible for you\n\nThe adult who is taking responsibility for your care must attend the walk-in service at the asylum intake unit with you.\n\nIf you\u2019re living with several relatives the closest blood relative willing to take responsibility for you must attend.\n\nThe adult must provide proof of address and photo ID (passport or driving licence).\n\n## If you do not have an adult who is legally responsible for you\n\nYou should go to the police or social services, or you can walk into the asylum intake unit.\n\n## You\u2019re in the care of social services\n\nYou must book an appointment at the asylum intake unit by calling the appointment booking line.\n\nYou\u2019ll need the following information when you book your appointment:\n\n- your name, date of birth and nationality\n\n- the number on your passport or national identity document, if you have one - or the number on your birth certificate if you do not\n\n- your foster carer\u2019s name and contact details\n\n- details of any medical conditions you have\n\nFor more information read the guidance on processing asylum applications from children.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You must apply for asylum if you want to stay in the UK as a refugee.

    ", + "

    To be eligible you must have left your country and be unable to go back because you fear persecution.

    ", + "

    Apply for a visa if you want to come to the UK for another reason (for example to work, study or remain with family). If you\u2019re already in the UK and want to remain with family living here, apply for a family of a settled person visa.

    ", + "

    You should apply when you arrive in the UK or as soon as you think it would be unsafe for you to return to your own country. Your application is more likely to be denied if you wait.

    ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll have a meeting with an immigration officer (known as a \u2018screening\u2019).

    ", + "

    After your screening the Home Office will decide if your claim can be considered in the UK. If it can, you\u2019ll have an asylum interview with a caseworker.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision on your application within 6 months.

    ", + "

    You can get up to 2 years in prison or have to leave the UK if you give false information on your application.

    ", + "

    Waiting for your decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told after your screening what you must do while you\u2019re waiting for your asylum decision, for example report to a caseworker regularly (known as \u2018reporting meetings\u2019).

    ", + "

    You must tell the authorities if your situation changes.

    ", + "

    You will not usually be allowed to work while your asylum claim is being considered.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You can get help with:

    ", + "
  • getting legal representation for your asylum claim
    • ", + "
  • living in the UK while you wait for your decision
    • ", + "

    Children applying on their own

    ", + "

    You can apply as a child on your own if you do not have an adult relative who is also claiming asylum.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To stay in the UK as a refugee you must be unable to live safely in any part of your own country because you fear persecution there.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re stateless, your own country is the country you usually live in.

    ", + "

    This persecution must be because of:

    ", + "
  • your race
    • ", + "
  • your religion
    • ", + "
  • your nationality
    • ", + "
  • your political opinion
    • ", + "
  • anything else that puts you at risk because of the social, cultural, religious or political situation in your country, for example, your gender, gender identity or sexual orientation
    • ", + "

    You must have failed to get protection from authorities in your own country.

    ", + "

    When your claim might not be considered

    ", + "

    Your claim might not be considered if you:

    ", + "
  • are from an EU country
    • ", + "
  • travelled to the UK through a \u2018safe third country\u2019
    • ", + "
  • have a connection to a safe third country where you could claim asylum
    • ", + "

    Generally, a safe third country is one that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re not a citizen of
    • ", + "
  • you would not be harmed in
    • ", + "
  • would not send you on to another country where you would be harmed
    • ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    You can include your partner and your children under 18 as \u2018dependants\u2019 in your application if they\u2019re with you in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your children under 18 and your partner can also make their own applications at the same time, but they will not be treated as your dependants.

    ", + "

    Documents you must provide

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need documents for yourself and your dependants (partner and children under 18) for your asylum screening.

    ", + "

    Documents you should bring (if you have them) include:

    ", + "
  • passports and travel documents
    • ", + "
  • police registration certificates
    • ", + "
  • identification documents, for example identity cards, birth and marriage certificates or school records
    • ", + "
  • anything you think will help your application
    • ", + "

    Documents to prove your UK address

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already in the UK, you and your dependants must bring documents that prove your UK address.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need different documents depending on whether you\u2019re living in your own accommodation or staying with someone else.

    ", + "

    Living in your own accommodation

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide documents showing your full name and address. This could be a:

    ", + "
  • bank statement
    • ", + "
  • housing benefit book
    • ", + "
  • council tax notice
    • ", + "
  • tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • household bill
    • ", + "

    Staying with someone else

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a recent letter (less than 3 months old) from the person you\u2019re staying with to confirm you have their permission to stay
    • ", + "
  • documents showing the full name and address of the person you\u2019re staying with, like a council tax notice, tenancy agreement or household bill
    • ", + "

    Register your asylum claim

    ", + "

    You register your asylum claim at a \u2018screening\u2019. This is a meeting with an immigration officer where you tell them about your case.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have your screening at the UK border if you claim asylum as soon as you arrive. You can also be screened once you\u2019re in the UK if you become eligible for asylum.

    ", + "

    At your screening you\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • be photographed
    • ", + "
  • have your fingerprints taken
    • ", + "
  • have an interview to check who you are and where you\u2019re from
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked why you want asylum. You can bring written evidence to support your claim if you want, as well as your identification documents.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to say if you or your dependants are taking any medication and give any relevant medical information.

    ", + "

    You can ask for a male or female interviewer, but your choice might not always be available.

    ", + "

    Screening at the UK border

    ", + "

    You must tell a Border Force officer that you want to claim asylum.

    ", + "

    Your application will be registered and you\u2019ll be screened - ask for an interpreter if you need one.

    ", + "

    Screening in the UK

    ", + "

    You must call the asylum intake unit if you\u2019re already in the UK.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll call you back and ask simple questions about you and your family. You will not be asked why you\u2019re claiming asylum during this telephone call.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked if you need help with housing. You might also be asked questions relating to coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    The call may take up to 30 minutes.

    ", + "

    You do not need to make an appointment if you have nowhere to live - call the asylum intake unit to find out what asylum registration location you should go to and its opening hours.

    ", + "

    Tell the asylum intake unit if you need any other dependants on your claim to be present at any stage of your asylum registration, for example the welfare interview, or if you\u2019re a child and need to be accompanied. You can ask to have an interpreter at your screening.

    ", + "

    Your appointment might be in a temporary location.

    ", + "

    Attending your appointment

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, attend your appointment alone or with any dependants claiming asylum with you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re helping a child register their own asylum claim, only you can go with them to their appointment.

    ", + "

    You must bring the documents you need for your application.

    ", + "

    You must also bring any dependants (partner and children under 18) who are claiming asylum with you.

    ", + "

    If you show up without an appointment, you may be asked to come back another day.

    ", + "

    You cannot get financial help for travel to or from the asylum intake unit.

    ", + "

    Tell the appointment service if your situation changes before your appointment date, for example if you can no longer stay where you are living.

    ", + "

    After your screening

    ", + "

    After your screening, the Home Office will review your case and decide whether it can be considered in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent an asylum registration card (ARC) to your UK address, unless you\u2019ve been detained.

    ", + "

    If the Home Office cannot send you an ARC immediately, they\u2019ll send you an appointment letter telling you what to do next.

    ", + "

    You might also be sent a \u2018preliminary information questionnaire\u2019. If you get one, fill it in and return it by the deadline - the address and deadline are written on the letter that comes with the questionnaire. If you cannot fill it in, call the Home Office asylum team. Their phone number is on the letter.

    ", + "

    If your case can be considered in the UK, it will be given to a caseworker.

    ", + "

    If your case cannot be considered in the UK

    ", + "

    You may be sent to a safe country that will consider your asylum claim. This might happen if you\u2019ve travelled to the UK through a safe third country or you have a connection with another country that you could claim asylum in.

    ", + "

    Generally, a safe country is one that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re not a citizen of
    • ", + "
  • you would not be harmed in
    • ", + "
  • would not send you on to another country where you would be harmed
    • ", + "

    The Home Office can decide to send you to a safe country after either your screening or your asylum interview.

    ", + "

    If the Home Office cannot place you in another safe country, your case will be considered in the UK and given to a caseworker.

    ", + "

    Caseworkers

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have an asylum interview with your caseworker. They\u2019ll make a decision about your application.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also explain the asylum process and tell you what to do while you wait for an asylum decision, such as go to regular reporting meetings.

    ", + "

    You may be detained if you do not go to your reporting meetings.

    ", + "

    Tell your caseworker if you have any special needs, for example if you have a disability or need medication.

    ", + "

    Your ARC

    ", + "

    The ARC shows you\u2019ve applied for asylum. You can use it to:

    ", + "
  • show who you are
    • ", + "
  • show whether you have permission to work
    • ", + "
  • get health or education services
    • ", + "

    You must take your ARC with you when you go to your reporting meetings.

    ", + "

    If you do not have your ARC

    ", + "

    Contact the Home Office using the online form if you have any problems - for example:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve not got your ARC through the post
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lost it
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s been stolen
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s expired
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to give your Home Office or port reference number, and your ARC reference (if you know it).

    ", + "

    Being detained

    ", + "

    You may be detained at an immigration removal centre while you wait for a decision on your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll either be:

    ", + "
  • released if you get permission to stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • held until you\u2019re removed from the UK if you do not get permission to stay
    • ", + "

    You can also be detained and removed if it\u2019s decided that another country is responsible for offering you asylum.

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal against the decision.

    ", + "

    When you will not be detained

    ", + "

    You will not usually be detained if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a child
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re elderly
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a family with children
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re accepted as being a victim of trafficking
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to provide independent evidence of torture
    • ", + "
  • you have a mental or physical condition that cannot be managed or would present a risk to others in an immigration removal centre
    • ", + "

    Asylum interview

    ", + "

    Your asylum interview will take place soon after your screening.

    ", + "

    Your application will usually be rejected if you do not go to your asylum interview.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter telling you when and where to attend and if any of your dependants also need to be interviewed.

    ", + "

    The interview

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually be interviewed alone, without your family members. An interpreter will be provided, if you need one.

    ", + "

    The information you provide will be treated in confidence and will not be disclosed to the authorities in your own country.

    ", + "

    Use this interview to explain:

    ", + "
  • how you were persecuted in your country
    • ", + "
  • why you\u2019re afraid to go back to your country
    • ", + "

    You may be asked questions about difficult topics but it\u2019s important that you explain what has happened to you and your family.

    ", + "

    You must tell the caseworker everything you want them to consider or it can count against you.

    ", + "

    Bring all the evidence you have of your persecution. You may be asked to send further evidence to your caseworker after the interview, if they think it might help your application.

    ", + "

    You should also bring your birth certificate, passport and medical records if you have them.

    ", + "

    Your caseworker will make notes in a document called an \u2018interview record\u2019. You\u2019ll get a copy of this at the end of the interview.

    ", + "

    Legal representative

    ", + "

    You can bring a legal representative to this interview, for example a lawyer or solicitor. Find out if you can get help paying for legal advice about asylum.

    ", + "

    Your interview will take place even if your legal representative is not there. You cannot ask for more time to get a legal representative.

    ", + "

    You can ask for this interview to be tape recorded if you do not have legal representation. Ask your caseworker at least one day before.

    ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    Your application will usually be decided within 6 months. It may take longer if it\u2019s complicated, for example:

    ", + "
  • your supporting documents need to be verified
    • ", + "
  • you need to attend more interviews
    • ", + "
  • your personal circumstances need to be checked, for example because you have a criminal conviction or you\u2019re currently being prosecuted
    • ", + "

    Ask your legal adviser if you want an update on your application.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given or refused permission to stay in one of the following ways.

    ", + "

    Permission to stay as a refugee

    ", + "

    You and your dependants may be given permission to stay in the UK for 5 years if you qualify for asylum. This is known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, you can apply to settle in the UK.

    ", + "

    Permission to stay for humanitarian reasons

    ", + "

    You may get permission to stay for humanitarian reasons if you do not qualify for asylum. This means you need to stay in the UK for your protection.

    ", + "

    You and your dependants may be given permission to stay in the UK for 5 years. This is known as \u2018leave to enter\u2019 or \u2018leave to remain\u2019.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, you can apply to settle in the UK.

    ", + "

    Permission to stay for other reasons

    ", + "

    You may get permission to stay for other reasons if you do not qualify for permission to stay as a refugee or for humanitarian reasons.

    ", + "

    How long you can stay will depend on your situation.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to extend your stay or settle in the UK towards the end of your stay.

    ", + "

    No reason to stay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to leave the UK if you do not qualify for asylum and your caseworker decides there\u2019s no other reason for you to stay.

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal against the decision.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to leave if you do not appeal in the time allowed, or if your appeal is unsuccessful. You can:

    ", + "
  • leave by yourself - you can get help with returning home
    • ", + "
  • be forced to leave - you\u2019ll get a letter before this happens, then you may be detained without warning at an immigration removal centre and then removed from the UK
    • ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You can get help from asylum helplines run by charities.

    ", + "

    They can help with:

    ", + "
  • explaining your asylum claim, for example getting a solicitor or lawyer to represent you
    • ", + "
  • living in the UK while your claim is being considered, for example getting asylum support, housing problems, dealing with agencies or finding English language classes and schools
    • ", + "

    Legal advice

    ", + "

    You can get legal advice to help your asylum claim.

    ", + "

    Housing and money

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get housing and money (\u2018asylum support\u2019) to support you and your family. This will only start from the day of your screening if you qualify.

    ", + "

    Help returning home

    ", + "

    You may be able to get help with returning home.

    ", + "

    If you're under 18

    ", + "

    This information is for children applying on their own.

    ", + "

    If you have an adult relative who\u2019s claiming asylum you should apply as part of that relative\u2019s application instead.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not in the care of social services

    ", + "

    You should use the walk-in service at the asylum intake unit.

    ", + "

    If you have an adult who is legally responsible for you

    ", + "

    The adult who is taking responsibility for your care must attend the walk-in service at the asylum intake unit with you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re living with several relatives the closest blood relative willing to take responsibility for you must attend.

    ", + "

    The adult must provide proof of address and photo ID (passport or driving licence).

    ", + "

    If you do not have an adult who is legally responsible for you

    ", + "

    You should go to the police or social services, or you can walk into the asylum intake unit.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re in the care of social services

    ", + "

    You must book an appointment at the asylum intake unit by calling the appointment booking line.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the following information when you book your appointment:

    ", + "
  • your name, date of birth and nationality
    • ", + "
  • the number on your passport or national identity document, if you have one - or the number on your birth certificate if you do not
    • ", + "
  • your foster carer\u2019s name and contact details
    • ", + "
  • details of any medical conditions you have
    • ", + "

    For more information read the guidance on processing asylum applications from children.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/asylum-support": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/asylum-support", + "title": "Asylum support", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may be able to get housing and money to support you and your family while you\u2019re waiting to find out if you\u2019ll be given asylum.\n\nThis also means your children will go to a free state school and you may get free healthcare from the National Health Service (NHS).\n\nYou can still apply for short-term support if you\u2019ve been refused asylum and are preparing to leave the UK.\n\nCall an asylum helpline for free help with asylum support or short-term support.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can ask for somewhere to live, a cash allowance or both as an asylum seeker.\n\n## Housing\n\nYou\u2019ll be given somewhere to live if you need it. This could be in a flat, house, hostel or bed and breakfast.\n\nYou cannot choose where you live. It\u2019s unlikely you\u2019ll get to live in London or south-east England.\n\n## Cash support\n\nYou\u2019ll get \u00a339.63 for each person in your household. This will help you pay for things you need like food, clothing and toiletries.\n\nYour allowance will be loaded onto a debit card (ASPEN card) each week. You\u2019ll be able to use the card to get cash from a cash machine.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been refused asylum\n\nYou\u2019ll be given:\n\n- somewhere to live\n\n- \u00a339.63 per person on a payment card for food, clothing and toiletries\n\nYou will not be given:\n\n- the payment card if you do not take the offer of somewhere to live\n\n- any money\n\n## Extra money for mothers and young children\n\nYou\u2019ll get extra money to buy healthy food if you\u2019re pregnant or a mother of a child under 3. The amount you get will depend on your situation.\n\n| Your situation | Extra payment per week |\n\n| Pregnant mother | \u00a33 |\n\n| Baby under 1 year old | \u00a35 |\n\n| Child aged 1 to 3 | \u00a33 |\n\n## Maternity payment\n\nYou can apply for a one-off \u00a3300 maternity payment if your baby is due in 8 weeks or less, or if your baby is under 6 weeks old.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been refused asylum\n\nYou can apply for a one-off \u00a3250 maternity payment if your baby is due in 8 weeks or less, or if your baby is under 6 weeks old.\n\n## Applying for the maternity grant\n\nYou apply for the maternity grant in the same way whether you\u2019re still an asylum seeker or you\u2019ve been refused asylum.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to request form MAT B1 from your doctor to apply for the payment. You can apply for the maternity payment at the same time you apply for asylum support.\n\nIf you get pregnant after you\u2019ve applied for asylum support, you can apply to the support team that dealt with your application for asylum support.\n\n## Healthcare\n\nYou may get free National Health Service (NHS) healthcare, such as to see a doctor or get hospital treatment.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get:\n\n- free prescriptions for medicine\n\n- free dental care for your teeth\n\n- free eyesight tests\n\n- help paying for glasses\n\n## Education\n\nYour children must attend school if they are aged 5 to 17. All state schools are free and your children may be able to get free school meals.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for asylum support if you\u2019re homeless or do not have money to buy food.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been refused asylum\n\nYou can ask for the following if you\u2019re homeless, do not have any money to buy food and you can show that there\u2019s a reason why you cannot leave the UK yet:\n\n- short-term housing\n\n- help with prescriptions for medicine, dental care for your teeth, eyesight tests and glasses\n\n- a payment card for food and toiletries\n\nYou will not be given the payment card without the housing and you will not be given any cash.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## Housing and cash support for asylum seekers\n\nApply using form ASF1 to claim housing and cash support.\n\nSend the form to the asylum support casework team.\n\nYou might be able to apply for additional support if the general allowance will not cover your needs. You\u2019ll have to show that you cannot meet your needs in any other way.\n\nRead the guidance on additional support.\n\nFill in form ASF2 and contact the Asylum Support Application Service. The details are on the form.\n\nCall an asylum helpline for help with applications.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused asylum\n\nYou must return to your country as soon as possible if you\u2019re refused asylum.\n\nYou can apply for short-term support using form ASF1.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to complete a \u2018section 4(2)\u2019 medical declaration if you have a specific medical issue.\n\nYou can also apply for additional help (section 4(2) support), for example:\n\n- medical appointments\n\n- getting your new baby\u2019s birth certificate\n\n- maternity payments\n\nRead the guidance on section 4(2) support.\n\nSend all forms to the asylum support casework team by email or post.\n\n## Education for children\n\nContact your local council if you have children and want to:\n\n- apply for a primary school place\n\n- apply for a secondary school place\n\n## Healthcare\n\nContact the free National Health Service (NHS) 111 service for help and advice with health problems when it\u2019s not an emergency.\n\nPhone NHS Help With Health Costs for help with prescriptions for medicine, dental care, eyesight tests and buying glasses.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nCall one of the asylum helplines to get free help with filling in forms.\n\nYou can get more information about asylum support from the customer contact centre. Email for an ARC appointment.\n\n## Further information\n\n## Appeal\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Asylum Support) if:\n\n- you\u2019ve applied for asylum support and been turned down\n\n- you were claiming asylum support and it\u2019s been stopped\n\n## Contact asylum support\n\nYou can contact Migrant Help if your application for support has been refused or you have questions about your appeal against the decision.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may be able to get housing and money to support you and your family while you\u2019re waiting to find out if you\u2019ll be given asylum.

    ", + "

    This also means your children will go to a free state school and you may get free healthcare from the National Health Service (NHS).

    ", + "

    You can still apply for short-term support if you\u2019ve been refused asylum and are preparing to leave the UK.

    ", + "

    Call an asylum helpline for free help with asylum support or short-term support.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    You can ask for somewhere to live, a cash allowance or both as an asylum seeker.

    ", + "

    Housing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given somewhere to live if you need it. This could be in a flat, house, hostel or bed and breakfast.

    ", + "

    You cannot choose where you live. It\u2019s unlikely you\u2019ll get to live in London or south-east England.

    ", + "

    Cash support

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get \u00a339.63 for each person in your household. This will help you pay for things you need like food, clothing and toiletries.

    ", + "

    Your allowance will be loaded onto a debit card (ASPEN card) each week. You\u2019ll be able to use the card to get cash from a cash machine.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been refused asylum

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given:

    ", + "
  • somewhere to live
    • ", + "
  • \u00a339.63 per person on a payment card for food, clothing and toiletries
    • ", + "

    You will not be given:

    ", + "
  • the payment card if you do not take the offer of somewhere to live
    • ", + "
  • any money
    • ", + "

    Extra money for mothers and young children

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get extra money to buy healthy food if you\u2019re pregnant or a mother of a child under 3. The amount you get will depend on your situation.

    ", + "Your situation | Extra payment per week", + "Pregnant mother | \u00a33", + "Baby under 1 year old | \u00a35", + "Child aged 1 to 3 | \u00a33", + "

    Maternity payment

    ", + "

    You can apply for a one-off \u00a3300 maternity payment if your baby is due in 8 weeks or less, or if your baby is under 6 weeks old.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been refused asylum

    ", + "

    You can apply for a one-off \u00a3250 maternity payment if your baby is due in 8 weeks or less, or if your baby is under 6 weeks old.

    ", + "

    Applying for the maternity grant

    ", + "

    You apply for the maternity grant in the same way whether you\u2019re still an asylum seeker or you\u2019ve been refused asylum.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to request form MAT B1 from your doctor to apply for the payment. You can apply for the maternity payment at the same time you apply for asylum support.

    ", + "

    If you get pregnant after you\u2019ve applied for asylum support, you can apply to the support team that dealt with your application for asylum support.

    ", + "

    Healthcare

    ", + "

    You may get free National Health Service (NHS) healthcare, such as to see a doctor or get hospital treatment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also get:

    ", + "
  • free prescriptions for medicine
    • ", + "
  • free dental care for your teeth
    • ", + "
  • free eyesight tests
    • ", + "
  • help paying for glasses
    • ", + "

    Education

    ", + "

    Your children must attend school if they are aged 5 to 17. All state schools are free and your children may be able to get free school meals.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for asylum support if you\u2019re homeless or do not have money to buy food.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been refused asylum

    ", + "

    You can ask for the following if you\u2019re homeless, do not have any money to buy food and you can show that there\u2019s a reason why you cannot leave the UK yet:

    ", + "
  • short-term housing
    • ", + "
  • help with prescriptions for medicine, dental care for your teeth, eyesight tests and glasses
    • ", + "
  • a payment card for food and toiletries
    • ", + "

    You will not be given the payment card without the housing and you will not be given any cash.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Housing and cash support for asylum seekers

    ", + "

    Apply using form ASF1 to claim housing and cash support.

    ", + "

    Send the form to the asylum support casework team.

    ", + "

    You might be able to apply for additional support if the general allowance will not cover your needs. You\u2019ll have to show that you cannot meet your needs in any other way.

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on additional support.

    ", + "

    Fill in form ASF2 and contact the Asylum Support Application Service. The details are on the form.

    ", + "

    Call an asylum helpline for help with applications.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re refused asylum

    ", + "

    You must return to your country as soon as possible if you\u2019re refused asylum.

    ", + "

    You can apply for short-term support using form ASF1.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to complete a \u2018section 4(2)\u2019 medical declaration if you have a specific medical issue.

    ", + "

    You can also apply for additional help (section 4(2) support), for example:

    ", + "
  • medical appointments
    • ", + "
  • getting your new baby\u2019s birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • maternity payments
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on section 4(2) support.

    ", + "

    Send all forms to the asylum support casework team by email or post.

    ", + "

    Education for children

    ", + "

    Contact your local council if you have children and want to:

    ", + "
  • apply for a primary school place
    • ", + "
  • apply for a secondary school place
    • ", + "

    Healthcare

    ", + "

    Contact the free National Health Service (NHS) 111 service for help and advice with health problems when it\u2019s not an emergency.

    ", + "

    Phone NHS Help With Health Costs for help with prescriptions for medicine, dental care, eyesight tests and buying glasses.

    ", + "

    Help and advice

    ", + "

    Call one of the asylum helplines to get free help with filling in forms.

    ", + "

    You can get more information about asylum support from the customer contact centre. Email for an ARC appointment.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Appeal

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Asylum Support) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve applied for asylum support and been turned down
    • ", + "
  • you were claiming asylum support and it\u2019s been stopped
    • ", + "

    Contact asylum support

    ", + "

    You can contact Migrant Help if your application for support has been refused or you have questions about your appeal against the decision.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/refugee-integration-loan": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/refugee-integration-loan", + "title": "Refugee integration loan", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a refugee integration loan to pay for:\n\n- a rent deposit or rent\n\n- household items\n\n- education and training for work\n\nYou must be over 18 and either:\n\n- a refugee or you\u2019ve been given humanitarian protection\n\n- a dependant of a refugee or someone who\u2019s been given humanitarian protection\n\n- allowed to enter or stay under either of the above after 11 June 2007\n\nThe smallest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100.\n\nIntegration loans are interest-free - you only pay back what you borrow, but you must make regular payments.\n\nContact your local Jobcentre Plus before applying for this loan to see if you can get help with training, education, work, living or childcare costs - you may be able to get this help for free.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much money you might get depends on:\n\n- your circumstances, for example any savings you have or your ability to pay back the loan\n\n- how much is available - the funds are limited and loans can vary\n\nThe smallest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100.\n\n## What you can use your loan for\n\nYou can only use the loan to help you get what\u2019s essential to help you integrate into UK society, for example housing, education or work. This includes:\n\n- a housing deposit, rent payment or moving costs\n\n- essential items for your home\n\n- training or retraining\n\n- basic living costs while training\n\n- work clothing and equipment\n\n## What you cannot use your loan for\n\nYou cannot use the loan to pay for items including:\n\n- general living costs, for example household bills and council tax\n\n- cars, driving lessons, driving licences and fuel costs, unless it\u2019s essential to your work\n\n- paying debts\n\n- travel costs for family members to join you in the UK\n\nYou may be asked to prove how you spent the loan. You may have to repay it in full straight away if you do not use it for the reason you said on your application.\n\nRead the integration loans policy guidance to find out how you can use your loan.\n\n## How you're paid\n\nLoans are usually paid into your bank or building society account in the same way as benefits.\n\nYou will be paid by Simple Payment if you cannot open a bank account, and if you already receive benefits in this way.\n\n## Repaying the loan\n\nYou\u2019ll have to sign a repayment agreement if your application for the loan is successful.\n\nYou will not usually have to start repaying the loan until 6 weeks after you get the money.\n\nHow much your repayments are and how you pay will depend on your circumstances. For example, you may have to pay more and in a shorter time if you start working and your benefits change.\n\nYour loan will not usually affect any income-related benefits you get unless you have more than \u00a36,000 in savings.\n\nYou must tell Jobcentre Plus if you get an integration loan.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for an integration loan if you:\n\n- are a refugee\n\n- have been given humanitarian protection\n\n- are a dependant of a refugee or someone here under humanitarian protection\n\nYou can also make a joint application with your husband, wife or partner.\n\nYou cannot apply if you:\n\n- are under 18\n\n- were allowed to enter or stay as a refugee or under humanitarian protection before 11 June 2007\n\n- are an asylum seeker who\u2019s been allowed to settle by a decision outside the Immigration Rules\n\n- have had an integration loan before, including a joint loan\n\nYour application may be refused if you\u2019ve been convicted of a criminal offence since you arrived in the UK.\n\n## How to apply\n\nRead the integration loan application form guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must provide your National Insurance number - if you do not have one, you must apply for one at your local Jobcentre Plus before you apply for an integration loan.\n\nYou should also provide photocopies of documents including:\n\n- your biometric residence permit, immigration status document or passport\n\n- a bank statement or letter confirming your bank details\n\nDownload and fill in the integration loan application form. Make sure you sign it.\n\nScan or photograph the completed form and supporting documents and email them to integrationloan@homeoffice.gov.uk.\n\nYou cannot currently apply by post. If you sent a postal application before 20 March 2020, your application will still be reviewed. You do not need to do anything.\n\n## Get more help\n\nYour local refugee community organisation can help you with your application and filling in the form.\n\nYou can also contact the integration loan team.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refugee integration loan to pay for:

    ", + "
  • a rent deposit or rent
    • ", + "
  • household items
    • ", + "
  • education and training for work
    • ", + "

    You must be over 18 and either:

    ", + "
  • a refugee or you\u2019ve been given humanitarian protection
    • ", + "
  • a dependant of a refugee or someone who\u2019s been given humanitarian protection
    • ", + "
  • allowed to enter or stay under either of the above after 11 June 2007
    • ", + "

    The smallest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100.

    ", + "

    Integration loans are interest-free - you only pay back what you borrow, but you must make regular payments.

    ", + "

    Contact your local Jobcentre Plus before applying for this loan to see if you can get help with training, education, work, living or childcare costs - you may be able to get this help for free.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    How much money you might get depends on:

    ", + "
  • your circumstances, for example any savings you have or your ability to pay back the loan
    • ", + "
  • how much is available - the funds are limited and loans can vary
    • ", + "

    The smallest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100.

    ", + "

    What you can use your loan for

    ", + "

    You can only use the loan to help you get what\u2019s essential to help you integrate into UK society, for example housing, education or work. This includes:

    ", + "
  • a housing deposit, rent payment or moving costs
    • ", + "
  • essential items for your home
    • ", + "
  • training or retraining
    • ", + "
  • basic living costs while training
    • ", + "
  • work clothing and equipment
    • ", + "

    What you cannot use your loan for

    ", + "

    You cannot use the loan to pay for items including:

    ", + "
  • general living costs, for example household bills and council tax
    • ", + "
  • cars, driving lessons, driving licences and fuel costs, unless it\u2019s essential to your work
    • ", + "
  • paying debts
    • ", + "
  • travel costs for family members to join you in the UK
    • ", + "

    You may be asked to prove how you spent the loan. You may have to repay it in full straight away if you do not use it for the reason you said on your application.

    ", + "

    Read the integration loans policy guidance to find out how you can use your loan.

    ", + "

    How you're paid

    ", + "

    Loans are usually paid into your bank or building society account in the same way as benefits.

    ", + "

    You will be paid by Simple Payment if you cannot open a bank account, and if you already receive benefits in this way.

    ", + "

    Repaying the loan

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to sign a repayment agreement if your application for the loan is successful.

    ", + "

    You will not usually have to start repaying the loan until 6 weeks after you get the money.

    ", + "

    How much your repayments are and how you pay will depend on your circumstances. For example, you may have to pay more and in a shorter time if you start working and your benefits change.

    ", + "

    Your loan will not usually affect any income-related benefits you get unless you have more than \u00a36,000 in savings.

    ", + "

    You must tell Jobcentre Plus if you get an integration loan.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You can apply for an integration loan if you:

    ", + "
  • are a refugee
    • ", + "
  • have been given humanitarian protection
    • ", + "
  • are a dependant of a refugee or someone here under humanitarian protection
    • ", + "

    You can also make a joint application with your husband, wife or partner.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply if you:

    ", + "
  • are under 18
    • ", + "
  • were allowed to enter or stay as a refugee or under humanitarian protection before 11 June 2007
    • ", + "
  • are an asylum seeker who\u2019s been allowed to settle by a decision outside the Immigration Rules
    • ", + "
  • have had an integration loan before, including a joint loan
    • ", + "

    Your application may be refused if you\u2019ve been convicted of a criminal offence since you arrived in the UK.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Read the integration loan application form guidance before you apply.

    ", + "

    You must provide your National Insurance number - if you do not have one, you must apply for one at your local Jobcentre Plus before you apply for an integration loan.

    ", + "

    You should also provide photocopies of documents including:

    ", + "
  • your biometric residence permit, immigration status document or passport
    • ", + "
  • a bank statement or letter confirming your bank details
    • ", + "

    Download and fill in the integration loan application form. Make sure you sign it.

    ", + "

    Scan or photograph the completed form and supporting documents and email them to integrationloan@homeoffice.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    You cannot currently apply by post. If you sent a postal application before 20 March 2020, your application will still be reviewed. You do not need to do anything.

    ", + "

    Get more help

    ", + "

    Your local refugee community organisation can help you with your application and filling in the form.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the integration loan team.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/apply-home-office-travel-document": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-home-office-travel-document", + "title": "Apply for a Home Office travel document", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a document to travel outside the UK if:\n\n- you are not British\n\n- you cannot use or get a passport from your country\u2019s national authorities\n\n- your country\u2019s national authorities cannot give you a new passport\n\n## If you have already applied\n\nIt\u2019s taking longer than usual to return supporting documents because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nIf you changed address after you submitted your application, contact the Home Office immediately to let them know. If you do not, your documents may be sent to the wrong address.\n\nEmail the Home Office travel document enquiries team with \u2018Change of address\u2019 and your name in the subject line.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo apply you must be living in the UK because of one of the following:\n\n- you have permission to stay as a refugee or stateless person\n\n- you have humanitarian protection and it has been officially accepted that you have a fear of your country\u2019s national authorities\n\n- you have permission to stay (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019) or are settled in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019), but you cannot get a passport or travel document from your country\u2019s national authorities\n\nYou must be in the UK when you apply.\n\n## Refugee travel document\n\nYou can apply for a refugee travel document if either:\n\n- you have refugee status in the UK\n\n- you originally came to the UK on a family reunion visa to join someone who has refugee status\n\n## How long it will be valid for\n\nYour document will usually be valid for up to 10 years if you\u2019re settled in the UK (known as having \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). If you have permission to stay (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019), your document will usually be valid up to 5 years.\n\nIf you\u2019re 15 or under, the document will usually be valid for up to 5 years.\n\n## Countries you can travel to\n\nYou can usually travel to all countries except:\n\n- the country you\u2019re from\n\n- any country you sought asylum from\n\n## Before you travel\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need before you book your travel.\n\nAsk the authorities of the country you\u2019re visiting or travelling through if:\n\n- the country accepts refugee travel documents\n\n- you need a visa to enter the country\n\nYou should also check if coronavirus (COVID-19) travel restrictions will affect your journey.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a375 for adults (it\u2019s free if you were born before 1 September 1929)\n\n- \u00a349 for children 15 or under\n\n## Stateless person\u2019s travel document\n\nYou can apply for a stateless person\u2019s travel document if you have been recognised as stateless in the UK.\n\n## How long it will be valid for\n\nYour document will usually be valid for up to 10 years if you\u2019re settled in the UK (known as having \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). If you have permission to stay (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019), your document will usually be valid up to 5 years.\n\nIf you\u2019re 15 or under, the document will usually be valid for up to 5 years.\n\n## Countries you can travel to\n\nYou can usually travel to all countries on a stateless person\u2019s travel document.\n\n## Before you travel\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need before you book your travel. Ask the authorities of the country you\u2019re visiting or travelling through if:\n\n- the country accepts UK stateless person\u2019s travel documents\n\n- you need a visa to enter the country\n\nYou should also check if coronavirus (COVID-19) travel restrictions will affect your journey.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a375 for adults (it\u2019s free if you were born before 1 September 1929)\n\n- \u00a349 for children 15 or under\n\n## Certificate of travel\n\nYou can apply for a certificate of travel if one of the following is true:\n\n- you have permission to stay (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019) or are settled in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019), and you have been refused a passport or travel document by your country\u2019s national authorities\n\n- you are in the UK with humanitarian protection and it\u2019s been officially accepted you have a fear of your country\u2019s national authorities as part of your asylum application\n\n- you are in the UK on a family reunion visa because you\u2019ve joined someone who has humanitarian protection\n\n- you were born in the UK as the child of someone with refugee status and you have permission to stay but do not have refugee status yourself\n\n- you have an important reason to travel and your country\u2019s national authorities are unable to issue you with a passport or emergency travel document quickly\n\n## Proving you have an important reason to travel\n\nYou must provide evidence of why you need to travel urgently, as well as evidence that your passport or emergency travel document application was refused.\n\nThe following situations are examples of valid reasons why you might need to travel urgently:\n\n- essential employment, business or educational trips (but not holidays)\n\n- compelling or compassionate reasons - for example, a family member is seriously ill or has died\n\n- religious reasons\n\n## Proving you have been \u2018unreasonably refused\u2019 a travel document\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might need to prove that you\u2019ve applied for a passport from your country\u2019s national authorities and your application was \u2018unreasonably refused\u2019.\n\nYou must provide evidence of this if one of the following is true:\n\n- you do not have permission to be in the UK as a refugee or stateless person\n\n- you have humanitarian protection but it has not been officially accepted that you have a fear of your country\u2019s national authorities\n\nYour application is not considered \u2018unreasonably refused\u2019 if one of the following is true:\n\n- you applied incorrectly or without enough supporting evidence to confirm your identity and nationality\n\n- you are required to complete military service in your home country\n\n- you have a criminal record in your home country\n\n- you did not comply with tax rules in your home country\n\nYou do not have to prove that you\u2019ve been \u2018unreasonably refused\u2019 a passport if one of the following is true:\n\n- you have been granted humanitarian protection and it\u2019s been officially accepted you have a fear of your country\u2019s national authorities\n\n- you must be in your country to apply for a passport\n\n- your country\u2019s national authorities cannot issue passports in the UK or send an application to your own country to be processed\n\n## How long it will be valid for\n\nA certificate of travel is usually valid either:\n\n- for up to 5 years if you\u2019re settled in the UK (known as having \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019)\n\n- until the end of your permission to stay in the UK (known as having \u2018leave to remain\u2019)\n\nIt may be shorter if it\u2019s being issued for exceptional reasons.\n\n## Countries you can travel to\n\nYou can usually travel to most countries with a certificate of travel.\n\nIf you have been given humanitarian protection because it\u2019s been accepted you have a fear of a country\u2019s national authorities, you cannot travel to that country.\n\n## Before you travel\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need before you book your travel. Ask the authorities of the country you\u2019re visiting or travelling through if:\n\n- the country accepts certificates of travel\n\n- you need a visa to enter the country\n\nYou should also check if coronavirus (COVID-19) travel restrictions will affect your journey.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a3280 for adults\n\n- \u00a3141 for children 15 and under\n\n## One way travel document\n\nYou can apply for a one way travel document if you meet all of the following criteria:\n\n- you are not a British citizen\n\n- you do not have a valid passport or travel document from the country you\u2019re from\n\n- you are not in the process of being deported from the UK\n\n- you want to leave the UK permanently\n\n- you do not have outstanding criminal proceedings in the UK\n\nYou do not need to be settled in the UK (known as having \u2018leave to remain\u2019) to apply.\n\n## How long it will be valid for\n\nThe document will be valid for 12 months from the date it\u2019s issued.\nIt\u2019s for a single journey out of the UK - you cannot use it to come back.\n\n## Before you travel\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need before you book your travel. Ask the authorities of the country you\u2019re visiting or travelling through if:\n\n- the country accepts one way travel documents\n\n- you need a visa to enter the country\n\nYou should also check if coronavirus (COVID-19) travel restrictions will affect your journey.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a375 for adults\n\n- \u00a349 for children 15 and under\n\n## Family members\n\nEach family member must apply for their own travel document separately.\n\n## If your child is not a British citizen\n\nIf your child is not a British citizen, they may be able to apply for a travel document if all of the following are true:\n\n- they have the same permission to stay in the UK as their parents\n\n- they have a biometric residence permit (BRP)\n\n- they meet the relevant eligibility criteria for the travel document they\u2019re applying for\n\n## If your child was born in the UK\n\nYour child may be able to become a British citizen, and be entitled to a British passport, if they were born in the UK to a parent who:\n\n- was settled in the UK (known as having \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) on the date of the child\u2019s birth\n\n- was a British citizen on the date of the child\u2019s birth\n\nCheck if your child can become a British citizen.\n\n## How to apply\n\n## Before you apply\n\nIf you have less than 6 months\u2019 permission to stay in the UK (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019), you need to extend it before you apply for a travel document.\n\nIf you have a biometric residence permit (BRP), make sure it has not expired and all the details are correct before you apply for a travel document.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- apply for a replacement BRP if yours has expired\n\n- contact the team that issued your BRP if your details are not correct (their contact information will be on your letter or email notification)\n\n## Apply\n\nThe type of travel document you can apply for depends on what kind of permission to stay you have - for example, if you have refugee status or are recognised as stateless.\n\nYou can find what kind of permission to stay you have on your BRP or your Home Office decision letter.\n\nIf you apply for the wrong type of travel document, your application will be refused and you will not get a refund. You\u2019ll have to submit a new application and pay the fee if you want to apply again.\n\nIt\u2019s taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply for a travel document you need to:\n\n- complete the online form\n\n- send supporting documents by post\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Send supporting documents by post\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in the online application:\n\n- which documents to send\n\n- where to send them\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send original documents.\n\nDo not send your BRP - you\u2019ll need to keep this as proof of identity.\n\n## If you have a compassionate reason for travelling\n\nIf you urgently need a travel document for compassionate reasons, send additional supporting evidence by email. Compassionate reasons for travelling include:\n\n- you are seriously ill\n\n- a family member or friend is seriously ill or has died\n\n- you - or someone you care for - need to travel abroad for medical treatment that cannot be delayed\n\nAttach a scan or photo of a letter confirming the reason for your travel. The letter must:\n\n- be from a doctor or hospital\n\n- be on headed paper\n\n- be in English, or be accompanied by a certified translation\n\n- include your name\n\n- include, where relevant, the name of the sick or dead person and their relationship to you\n\nYou can send a death certificate but it must be accompanied by the letter confirming the reason for your travel.\n\n## Where to send your supporting email\n\nSend your email with supporting evidence to the Home Office travel document enquiries team.\n\nPut \u2018New application enquiry \u2013 urgent compassionate case\u2019 and your name in the subject line.\n\n## Withdrawing your application\n\nYou can withdraw your application at any time. In most cases you will not get a refund.\n\nYou might be able to get a refund of your application fee if both of the following are true:\n\n- you withdraw your application within 7 days of submitting it\n\n- you do not need to provide biometric information or go to a visa application centre as part of your application\n\nEmail the Home Office travel document enquiries team to withdraw your application.\n\n## Report your lost or stolen travel document\n\nIf your travel document is lost or stolen, you must report it to the Home Office. Email the Home Office travel document enquiries team with:\n\n- your name\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your nationality\n\nIf you have them, you must also provide your:\n\n- travel document number\n\n- Home Office reference number\n\n- biometric residence permit (BRP) number\n\n- police report and crime reference number\n\nReporting your document as lost or stolen does not mean that you have requested a new one.\n\nYou must also report and replace a lost or stolen BRP if you had one.\n\n## Replace your document\n\nYou can only apply for a new travel document if you are in the UK.\n\nYou may be asked to confirm your identity and immigration status with biometric data before you can get your new document.\n\n## If you lose your travel document outside the UK\n\nYou will have to apply for a visa to return to the UK.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been away for less than 2 years, you can get a replacement BRP visa.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been away from the UK for over 2 years, and you had indefinite leave to remain, you can apply online for a returning resident visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a temporary travel document if you are allowed to return. You may have to give your fingerprints to confirm your identity.\n\nWhen you\u2019re back in the UK, you can apply to replace your travel document.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can apply for a document to travel outside the UK if:

    ", + "
  • you are not British
    • ", + "
  • you cannot use or get a passport from your country\u2019s national authorities
    • ", + "
  • your country\u2019s national authorities cannot give you a new passport
    • ", + "

    If you have already applied

    ", + "

    It\u2019s taking longer than usual to return supporting documents because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    If you changed address after you submitted your application, contact the Home Office immediately to let them know. If you do not, your documents may be sent to the wrong address.

    ", + "

    Email the Home Office travel document enquiries team with \u2018Change of address\u2019 and your name in the subject line.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To apply you must be living in the UK because of one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you have permission to stay as a refugee or stateless person
    • ", + "
  • you have humanitarian protection and it has been officially accepted that you have a fear of your country\u2019s national authorities
    • ", + "
  • you have permission to stay (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019) or are settled in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019), but you cannot get a passport or travel document from your country\u2019s national authorities
    • ", + "

    You must be in the UK when you apply.

    ", + "

    Refugee travel document

    ", + "

    You can apply for a refugee travel document if either:

    ", + "
  • you have refugee status in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you originally came to the UK on a family reunion visa to join someone who has refugee status
    • ", + "

    How long it will be valid for

    ", + "

    Your document will usually be valid for up to 10 years if you\u2019re settled in the UK (known as having \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). If you have permission to stay (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019), your document will usually be valid up to 5 years.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 15 or under, the document will usually be valid for up to 5 years.

    ", + "

    Countries you can travel to

    ", + "

    You can usually travel to all countries except:

    ", + "
  • the country you\u2019re from
    • ", + "
  • any country you sought asylum from
    • ", + "

    Before you travel

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need before you book your travel.

    ", + "

    Ask the authorities of the country you\u2019re visiting or travelling through if:

    ", + "
  • the country accepts refugee travel documents
    • ", + "
  • you need a visa to enter the country
    • ", + "

    You should also check if coronavirus (COVID-19) travel restrictions will affect your journey.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a375 for adults (it\u2019s free if you were born before 1 September 1929)
    • ", + "
  • \u00a349 for children 15 or under
    • ", + "

    Stateless person\u2019s travel document

    ", + "

    You can apply for a stateless person\u2019s travel document if you have been recognised as stateless in the UK.

    ", + "

    How long it will be valid for

    ", + "

    Your document will usually be valid for up to 10 years if you\u2019re settled in the UK (known as having \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). If you have permission to stay (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019), your document will usually be valid up to 5 years.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re 15 or under, the document will usually be valid for up to 5 years.

    ", + "

    Countries you can travel to

    ", + "

    You can usually travel to all countries on a stateless person\u2019s travel document.

    ", + "

    Before you travel

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need before you book your travel. Ask the authorities of the country you\u2019re visiting or travelling through if:

    ", + "
  • the country accepts UK stateless person\u2019s travel documents
    • ", + "
  • you need a visa to enter the country
    • ", + "

    You should also check if coronavirus (COVID-19) travel restrictions will affect your journey.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a375 for adults (it\u2019s free if you were born before 1 September 1929)
    • ", + "
  • \u00a349 for children 15 or under
    • ", + "

    Certificate of travel

    ", + "

    You can apply for a certificate of travel if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you have permission to stay (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019) or are settled in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019), and you have been refused a passport or travel document by your country\u2019s national authorities
    • ", + "
  • you are in the UK with humanitarian protection and it\u2019s been officially accepted you have a fear of your country\u2019s national authorities as part of your asylum application
    • ", + "
  • you are in the UK on a family reunion visa because you\u2019ve joined someone who has humanitarian protection
    • ", + "
  • you were born in the UK as the child of someone with refugee status and you have permission to stay but do not have refugee status yourself
    • ", + "
  • you have an important reason to travel and your country\u2019s national authorities are unable to issue you with a passport or emergency travel document quickly
    • ", + "

    Proving you have an important reason to travel

    ", + "

    You must provide evidence of why you need to travel urgently, as well as evidence that your passport or emergency travel document application was refused.

    ", + "

    The following situations are examples of valid reasons why you might need to travel urgently:

    ", + "
  • essential employment, business or educational trips (but not holidays)
    • ", + "
  • compelling or compassionate reasons - for example, a family member is seriously ill or has died
    • ", + "
  • religious reasons
    • ", + "

    Proving you have been \u2018unreasonably refused\u2019 a travel document

    ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might need to prove that you\u2019ve applied for a passport from your country\u2019s national authorities and your application was \u2018unreasonably refused\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must provide evidence of this if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you do not have permission to be in the UK as a refugee or stateless person
    • ", + "
  • you have humanitarian protection but it has not been officially accepted that you have a fear of your country\u2019s national authorities
    • ", + "

    Your application is not considered \u2018unreasonably refused\u2019 if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you applied incorrectly or without enough supporting evidence to confirm your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • you are required to complete military service in your home country
    • ", + "
  • you have a criminal record in your home country
    • ", + "
  • you did not comply with tax rules in your home country
    • ", + "

    You do not have to prove that you\u2019ve been \u2018unreasonably refused\u2019 a passport if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you have been granted humanitarian protection and it\u2019s been officially accepted you have a fear of your country\u2019s national authorities
    • ", + "
  • you must be in your country to apply for a passport
    • ", + "
  • your country\u2019s national authorities cannot issue passports in the UK or send an application to your own country to be processed
    • ", + "

    How long it will be valid for

    ", + "

    A certificate of travel is usually valid either:

    ", + "
  • for up to 5 years if you\u2019re settled in the UK (known as having \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • until the end of your permission to stay in the UK (known as having \u2018leave to remain\u2019)
    • ", + "

    It may be shorter if it\u2019s being issued for exceptional reasons.

    ", + "

    Countries you can travel to

    ", + "

    You can usually travel to most countries with a certificate of travel.

    ", + "

    If you have been given humanitarian protection because it\u2019s been accepted you have a fear of a country\u2019s national authorities, you cannot travel to that country.

    ", + "

    Before you travel

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need before you book your travel. Ask the authorities of the country you\u2019re visiting or travelling through if:

    ", + "
  • the country accepts certificates of travel
    • ", + "
  • you need a visa to enter the country
    • ", + "

    You should also check if coronavirus (COVID-19) travel restrictions will affect your journey.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3280 for adults
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3141 for children 15 and under
    • ", + "

    One way travel document

    ", + "

    You can apply for a one way travel document if you meet all of the following criteria:

    ", + "
  • you are not a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • you do not have a valid passport or travel document from the country you\u2019re from
    • ", + "
  • you are not in the process of being deported from the UK
    • ", + "
  • you want to leave the UK permanently
    • ", + "
  • you do not have outstanding criminal proceedings in the UK
    • ", + "

    You do not need to be settled in the UK (known as having \u2018leave to remain\u2019) to apply.

    ", + "

    How long it will be valid for

    ", + "

    The document will be valid for 12 months from the date it\u2019s issued.\nIt\u2019s for a single journey out of the UK - you cannot use it to come back.

    ", + "

    Before you travel

    ", + "

    Check which documents you\u2019ll need before you book your travel. Ask the authorities of the country you\u2019re visiting or travelling through if:

    ", + "
  • the country accepts one way travel documents
    • ", + "
  • you need a visa to enter the country
    • ", + "

    You should also check if coronavirus (COVID-19) travel restrictions will affect your journey.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a375 for adults
    • ", + "
  • \u00a349 for children 15 and under
    • ", + "

    Family members

    ", + "

    Each family member must apply for their own travel document separately.

    ", + "

    If your child is not a British citizen

    ", + "

    If your child is not a British citizen, they may be able to apply for a travel document if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • they have the same permission to stay in the UK as their parents
    • ", + "
  • they have a biometric residence permit (BRP)
    • ", + "
  • they meet the relevant eligibility criteria for the travel document they\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "

    If your child was born in the UK

    ", + "

    Your child may be able to become a British citizen, and be entitled to a British passport, if they were born in the UK to a parent who:

    ", + "
  • was settled in the UK (known as having \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) on the date of the child\u2019s birth
    • ", + "
  • was a British citizen on the date of the child\u2019s birth
    • ", + "

    Check if your child can become a British citizen.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Before you apply

    ", + "

    If you have less than 6 months\u2019 permission to stay in the UK (known as \u2018leave to remain\u2019), you need to extend it before you apply for a travel document.

    ", + "

    If you have a biometric residence permit (BRP), make sure it has not expired and all the details are correct before you apply for a travel document.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • apply for a replacement BRP if yours has expired
    • ", + "
  • contact the team that issued your BRP if your details are not correct (their contact information will be on your letter or email notification)
    • ", + "

    Apply

    ", + "

    The type of travel document you can apply for depends on what kind of permission to stay you have - for example, if you have refugee status or are recognised as stateless.

    ", + "

    You can find what kind of permission to stay you have on your BRP or your Home Office decision letter.

    ", + "

    If you apply for the wrong type of travel document, your application will be refused and you will not get a refund. You\u2019ll have to submit a new application and pay the fee if you want to apply again.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To apply for a travel document you need to:

    ", + "
  • complete the online form
    • ", + "
  • send supporting documents by post
    • ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have internet access
    • ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    Send supporting documents by post

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told in the online application:

    ", + "
  • which documents to send
    • ", + "
  • where to send them
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send original documents.

    ", + "

    Do not send your BRP - you\u2019ll need to keep this as proof of identity.

    ", + "

    If you have a compassionate reason for travelling

    ", + "

    If you urgently need a travel document for compassionate reasons, send additional supporting evidence by email. Compassionate reasons for travelling include:

    ", + "
  • you are seriously ill
    • ", + "
  • a family member or friend is seriously ill or has died
    • ", + "
  • you - or someone you care for - need to travel abroad for medical treatment that cannot be delayed
    • ", + "

    Attach a scan or photo of a letter confirming the reason for your travel. The letter must:

    ", + "
  • be from a doctor or hospital
    • ", + "
  • be on headed paper
    • ", + "
  • be in English, or be accompanied by a certified translation
    • ", + "
  • include your name
    • ", + "
  • include, where relevant, the name of the sick or dead person and their relationship to you
    • ", + "

    You can send a death certificate but it must be accompanied by the letter confirming the reason for your travel.

    ", + "

    Where to send your supporting email

    ", + "

    Send your email with supporting evidence to the Home Office travel document enquiries team.

    ", + "

    Put \u2018New application enquiry \u2013 urgent compassionate case\u2019 and your name in the subject line.

    ", + "

    Withdrawing your application

    ", + "

    You can withdraw your application at any time. In most cases you will not get a refund.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get a refund of your application fee if both of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you withdraw your application within 7 days of submitting it
    • ", + "
  • you do not need to provide biometric information or go to a visa application centre as part of your application
    • ", + "

    Email the Home Office travel document enquiries team to withdraw your application.

    ", + "

    Report your lost or stolen travel document

    ", + "

    If your travel document is lost or stolen, you must report it to the Home Office. Email the Home Office travel document enquiries team with:

    ", + "
  • your name
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your nationality
    • ", + "

    If you have them, you must also provide your:

    ", + "
  • travel document number
    • ", + "
  • Home Office reference number
    • ", + "
  • biometric residence permit (BRP) number
    • ", + "
  • police report and crime reference number
    • ", + "

    Reporting your document as lost or stolen does not mean that you have requested a new one.

    ", + "

    You must also report and replace a lost or stolen BRP if you had one.

    ", + "

    Replace your document

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a new travel document if you are in the UK.

    ", + "

    You may be asked to confirm your identity and immigration status with biometric data before you can get your new document.

    ", + "

    If you lose your travel document outside the UK

    ", + "

    You will have to apply for a visa to return to the UK.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been away for less than 2 years, you can get a replacement BRP visa.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been away from the UK for over 2 years, and you had indefinite leave to remain, you can apply online for a returning resident visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a temporary travel document if you are allowed to return. You may have to give your fingerprints to confirm your identity.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re back in the UK, you can apply to replace your travel document.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-first-tier-asylum-support-tribunal": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-first-tier-asylum-support-tribunal", + "title": "Appeal an asylum support decision", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Asylum Support) if:\n\n- you\u2019ve applied for asylum support and been turned down\n\n- you were claiming asylum support and it\u2019s been stopped\n\nThe tribunal must receive your appeal within 3 days of you getting the letter about the decision - you may be able to carry on claiming asylum support (if you were already getting it) while you appeal.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou may want to get help and advice before you appeal.\n\nContact the Asylum Support Appeals Project for free advice and legal representation if you have an appeal at the First-tier Tribunal (Asylum Support).\n\nYou can contact British Red Cross, Refugee Action and Refugee Council for advice and support - they may be able to find another organisation near to you.\n\nYou can also get other legal advice, including from a lawyer.\n\n## Apply to the tribunal\n\nDownload and fill in a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 form. You must include:\n\n- why you\u2019re appealing (your \u2018grounds of appeal\u2019)\n\n- a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing against\n\n- any documents that help support your appeal\n\n- why your appeal is late (if it is)\n\n- whether you\u2019d like a \u2018paper\u2019 or \u2018oral\u2019 hearing\n\nBecause of coronavirus, most hearings are paper hearings. These are based on documents only. If a judge decides that an oral hearing is required, it will most likely be held by phone or video link.\n\nRead guidance on how cases are affected by coronavirus.\n\nIf a judge decides you have to go to an oral hearing in person, you\u2019ll need to travel to London. The Home Office will pay for you to get there (usually by train). You\u2019ll get free accommodation the night before if you have far to travel.\n\n## Send the form\n\nPost, email or fax the notice of appeal form to HM Courts and Tribunals Service. The contact details are on the form.\n\nBecause of coronavirus, it\u2019s taking longer than usual for staff to reply to forms sent by post.\n\nCall the helpline if you have any questions about completing the form. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## After you send your appeal\n\nYou\u2019ll normally find out within a week of sending the form:\n\n- whether the tribunal will consider your case\n\n- whether the tribunal needs more information, for example if your appeal was late\n\nYou\u2019ll then be told when your hearing will take place, and whether it\u2019s paper or oral.\n\nIf you have an oral hearing, you\u2019ll be told a few days before the hearing what documents to bring with you - or to send by post in advance. The letter will also tell you if the tribunal wants to call up any witnesses - you must contact them and make sure they appear at the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get the decision at the hearing.\n\n## If you need to send more information\n\nIf the tribunal asks you to send more information before the hearing, you may need to discuss this with a casework team.\n\nContact the Section 95 casework team if you\u2019re an asylum seeker.\n\nContact the Section 4 casework team if you\u2019ve been refused asylum.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nWhat happens at the hearing depends on whether you have a paper or oral hearing.\n\n## Paper hearing\n\nYou will not go to a paper hearing. A judge will make a decision based on:\n\n- your notice of appeal form\n\n- your documents\n\n- documents provided by the Home Office\n\n## Oral hearing\n\nBecause of coronavirus, oral hearings will most likely be held via phone or video link.\n\nYou\u2019ll present your case to the judge - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The Home Office will present the case against you.\n\nThe tribunal will provide you with an interpreter if you\u2019ve asked for one. They can translate what happens during the tribunal but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.\n\nYou may be asked questions by:\n\n- your legal representative (if you have one)\n\n- the Home Office\u2019s representative\n\n- the judge\n\nThe hearing is public. Family and friends can attend. If the hearing is in person, they\u2019ll have to pay their own travel costs unless they are witnesses.\n\nChildren can only attend if you cannot make childcare arrangements. They can either:\n\n- wait in the waiting room with your family or friends\n\n- be with you during the hearing\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get the decision either:\n\n- at the oral hearing (if you have one) - you\u2019ll also get full written reasons within 3 days\n\n- by post the day after the paper hearing\n\nThe judge will either:\n\n- allow the appeal - this means you\u2019ll either get asylum support, or carry on getting it\n\n- turn down (\u2018dismiss\u2019) your appeal\n\n- ask the Home Office to look at the decision again (known as \u2018remitting\u2019 the appeal)\n\nThe judge\u2019s decision is final - you cannot appeal again.\n\nYou may be able to get a judicial review of the decision if your appeal was turned down and you think the judge did not follow the law correctly. Talk to a solicitor as soon as possible.\n\nYou cannot complain about the decision - you can only complain about the tribunal staff and the way the hearing took place.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nSearch the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on:\n\n- Immigration and Asylum Act 1999\n\n- Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008 and Amendments to the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008.\n\n## Failed asylum seekers\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on:\n\n- section 4, Immigration and Asylum Act 1999\n\n- Immigration and Asylum Regulations 2005\n\n## If asylum support was stopped while the application was being considered\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on:\n\n- section 95, Immigration and Asylum 1999\n\n- Asylum Support Regulations 2000", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Asylum Support) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve applied for asylum support and been turned down
    • ", + "
  • you were claiming asylum support and it\u2019s been stopped
    • ", + "

    The tribunal must receive your appeal within 3 days of you getting the letter about the decision - you may be able to carry on claiming asylum support (if you were already getting it) while you appeal.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You may want to get help and advice before you appeal.

    ", + "

    Contact the Asylum Support Appeals Project for free advice and legal representation if you have an appeal at the First-tier Tribunal (Asylum Support).

    ", + "

    You can contact British Red Cross, Refugee Action and Refugee Council for advice and support - they may be able to find another organisation near to you.

    ", + "

    You can also get other legal advice, including from a lawyer.

    ", + "

    Apply to the tribunal

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 form. You must include:

    ", + "
  • why you\u2019re appealing (your \u2018grounds of appeal\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing against
    • ", + "
  • any documents that help support your appeal
    • ", + "
  • why your appeal is late (if it is)
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019d like a \u2018paper\u2019 or \u2018oral\u2019 hearing
    • ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, most hearings are paper hearings. These are based on documents only. If a judge decides that an oral hearing is required, it will most likely be held by phone or video link.

    ", + "

    Read guidance on how cases are affected by coronavirus.

    ", + "

    If a judge decides you have to go to an oral hearing in person, you\u2019ll need to travel to London. The Home Office will pay for you to get there (usually by train). You\u2019ll get free accommodation the night before if you have far to travel.

    ", + "

    Send the form

    ", + "

    Post, email or fax the notice of appeal form to HM Courts and Tribunals Service. The contact details are on the form.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, it\u2019s taking longer than usual for staff to reply to forms sent by post.

    ", + "

    Call the helpline if you have any questions about completing the form. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    After you send your appeal

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally find out within a week of sending the form:

    ", + "
  • whether the tribunal will consider your case
    • ", + "
  • whether the tribunal needs more information, for example if your appeal was late
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll then be told when your hearing will take place, and whether it\u2019s paper or oral.

    ", + "

    If you have an oral hearing, you\u2019ll be told a few days before the hearing what documents to bring with you - or to send by post in advance. The letter will also tell you if the tribunal wants to call up any witnesses - you must contact them and make sure they appear at the hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the decision at the hearing.

    ", + "

    If you need to send more information

    ", + "

    If the tribunal asks you to send more information before the hearing, you may need to discuss this with a casework team.

    ", + "

    Contact the Section 95 casework team if you\u2019re an asylum seeker.

    ", + "

    Contact the Section 4 casework team if you\u2019ve been refused asylum.

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing depends on whether you have a paper or oral hearing.

    ", + "

    Paper hearing

    ", + "

    You will not go to a paper hearing. A judge will make a decision based on:

    ", + "
  • your notice of appeal form
    • ", + "
  • your documents
    • ", + "
  • documents provided by the Home Office
    • ", + "

    Oral hearing

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus, oral hearings will most likely be held via phone or video link.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll present your case to the judge - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The Home Office will present the case against you.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will provide you with an interpreter if you\u2019ve asked for one. They can translate what happens during the tribunal but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    You may be asked questions by:

    ", + "
  • your legal representative (if you have one)
    • ", + "
  • the Home Office\u2019s representative
    • ", + "
  • the judge
    • ", + "

    The hearing is public. Family and friends can attend. If the hearing is in person, they\u2019ll have to pay their own travel costs unless they are witnesses.

    ", + "

    Children can only attend if you cannot make childcare arrangements. They can either:

    ", + "
  • wait in the waiting room with your family or friends
    • ", + "
  • be with you during the hearing
    • ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the decision either:

    ", + "
  • at the oral hearing (if you have one) - you\u2019ll also get full written reasons within 3 days
    • ", + "
  • by post the day after the paper hearing
    • ", + "

    The judge will either:

    ", + "
  • allow the appeal - this means you\u2019ll either get asylum support, or carry on getting it
    • ", + "
  • turn down (\u2018dismiss\u2019) your appeal
    • ", + "
  • ask the Home Office to look at the decision again (known as \u2018remitting\u2019 the appeal)
    • ", + "

    The judge\u2019s decision is final - you cannot appeal again.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a judicial review of the decision if your appeal was turned down and you think the judge did not follow the law correctly. Talk to a solicitor as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    You cannot complain about the decision - you can only complain about the tribunal staff and the way the hearing took place.

    ", + "

    Legislation and previous decisions

    ", + "

    Read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    Previous decisions

    ", + "

    Search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on:

    ", + "
  • Immigration and Asylum Act 1999
    • ", + "
  • Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002
    • ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008 and Amendments to the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008.

    ", + "

    Failed asylum seekers

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on:

    ", + "
  • section 4, Immigration and Asylum Act 1999
    • ", + "
  • Immigration and Asylum Regulations 2005
    • ", + "

    If asylum support was stopped while the application was being considered

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on:

    ", + "
  • section 95, Immigration and Asylum 1999
    • ", + "
  • Asylum Support Regulations 2000
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/ask-for-a-visa-administrative-review": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ask-for-a-visa-administrative-review", + "title": "Ask for a visa administrative review", + "content": "## If you're outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your application refusal letter if you can ask for the decision on your visa application to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.\n\nYou can only ask for an administrative review if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- you applied outside the UK\n\n- your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015\n\n- you do not have a right of appeal against the refusal\n\n- you did not make an application as a short term student or a visitor (except if you applied as an S2 Healthcare Visitor)\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to ask for an administrative review if you applied:\n\n- to the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- as a Frontier Worker\n\n- as an S2 Healthcare Visitor\n\n- as a Service Provider from Switzerland\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply for an administrative review within 28 days of getting the decision. It costs \u00a380.\n\nYou can apply online.\n\nThe decision will be checked for the errors you point out.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 calendar days.\n\nYou cannot request a second review (unless the result of the first review found new reasons why you were refused).\n\n## Withdraw your request\n\nYour request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you make any other immigration or visa application.\n\nYour request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.\n\nYou can email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.\n\nYou must include your name, date of birth, nationality and your Global Web Form (GWF) reference number.\n\nYour GWF reference number was given to you when you first applied. You can find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## If you're in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your application refusal letter if you can ask for the decision on your visa application to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.\n\nYou can ask for your application to be reviewed if one of the following apply:\n\n- your application was refused\n\n- your application was granted but you\u2019re unhappy with the amount or conditions of your leave\n\nThis is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to appeal if you\u2019re not eligible for an administrative review.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to ask for an administrative review if you applied:\n\n- to the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- as a Frontier Worker\n\n- as an S2 Healthcare Visitor\n\n- as a Service Provider from Switzerland\n\n## Apply for administrative review\n\nIf your application was refused, you must apply for an administrative review within 14 days of getting the decision.\n\nYour refusal letter will tell you how to apply. You may be able to apply online. It costs \u00a380.\n\nYou must apply within 7 days if you\u2019ve been detained.\n\nIf your application was granted but you\u2019re unhappy with the amount or conditions of your leave, you must email the Home Office within 14 days of getting your biometric residence permit.\n\nContact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if you have a general enquiry about immigration.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nThe decision will be checked for the errors you point out. Do not send new information or documents for review unless you\u2019ve been asked to.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 days. You cannot request a second review (unless the result included new reasons why you were refused).\n\nIf your visa\u2019s expired, you will not usually be removed from the UK until your review has been completed.\n\n## Withdraw your request\n\nYour request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you:\n\n- make any other immigration or visa application\n\n- ask for your passport back so you can travel\n\n- leave the UK\n\nYour request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.\n\nYou can also email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.\n\nYou must include your name, date of birth, nationality and either your administrative review payment reference number or Home Office reference number in your email.\n\n## If your visa was cancelled at the border\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your decision letter if you can ask for the decision to cancel your visa to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.\n\nYou can ask for the decision to be reviewed if your visa was cancelled for one or more of the following reasons:\n\n- there has been a change in your circumstances\n\n- you gave false information\n\n- you failed to include relevant facts\n\n## Apply for administrative review\n\nYour letter will tell you how to apply. It costs \u00a380.\n\n## If you were given temporary admission to the UK\n\nYou must apply for an administrative review within 14 days of your visa being cancelled or 7 days if you are detained. You need to do this from the UK.\n\n## If your visa was cancelled at border controls outside the UK\n\nYou must apply for an administrative review within 28 days of your visa being cancelled in any of the following cities:\n\n- Paris\n\n- Brussels\n\n- Dunkirk\n\n- Coquelles\n\n- Calais\n\n- Lille\n\n## Get a decision\n\nThe decision will be checked for the errors you point out. Do not send new information or documents unless you\u2019ve been asked to.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 days. You cannot request a second review (unless the result included new reasons for the cancellation of your leave).\n\nIf you\u2019re in the UK, you will not usually be removed until your review has been completed.\n\n## Withdraw your request\n\nYour request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you:\n\n- make any other immigration or visa application\n\n- ask for your passport back so you can travel\n\n- leave the UK\n\nYour request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.\n\nYou can also email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.\n\nYou must include your name, date of birth, nationality and either your administrative review payment reference number or Home Office reference number in your email.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    If you're outside the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told in your application refusal letter if you can ask for the decision on your visa application to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can only ask for an administrative review if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • you applied outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015
    • ", + "
  • you do not have a right of appeal against the refusal
    • ", + "
  • you did not make an application as a short term student or a visitor (except if you applied as an S2 Healthcare Visitor)
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to ask for an administrative review if you applied:

    ", + "
  • to the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • as a Frontier Worker
    • ", + "
  • as an S2 Healthcare Visitor
    • ", + "
  • as a Service Provider from Switzerland
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply for an administrative review within 28 days of getting the decision. It costs \u00a380.

    ", + "

    You can apply online.

    ", + "

    The decision will be checked for the errors you point out.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 calendar days.

    ", + "

    You cannot request a second review (unless the result of the first review found new reasons why you were refused).

    ", + "

    Withdraw your request

    ", + "

    Your request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you make any other immigration or visa application.

    ", + "

    Your request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.

    ", + "

    You can email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.

    ", + "

    You must include your name, date of birth, nationality and your Global Web Form (GWF) reference number.

    ", + "

    Your GWF reference number was given to you when you first applied. You can find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.

    ", + "

    If you're in the UK

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told in your application refusal letter if you can ask for the decision on your visa application to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can ask for your application to be reviewed if one of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your application was refused
    • ", + "
  • your application was granted but you\u2019re unhappy with the amount or conditions of your leave
    • ", + "

    This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal if you\u2019re not eligible for an administrative review.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to ask for an administrative review if you applied:

    ", + "
  • to the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • as a Frontier Worker
    • ", + "
  • as an S2 Healthcare Visitor
    • ", + "
  • as a Service Provider from Switzerland
    • ", + "

    Apply for administrative review

    ", + "

    If your application was refused, you must apply for an administrative review within 14 days of getting the decision.

    ", + "

    Your refusal letter will tell you how to apply. You may be able to apply online. It costs \u00a380.

    ", + "

    You must apply within 7 days if you\u2019ve been detained.

    ", + "

    If your application was granted but you\u2019re unhappy with the amount or conditions of your leave, you must email the Home Office within 14 days of getting your biometric residence permit.

    ", + "

    Contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if you have a general enquiry about immigration.

    ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    The decision will be checked for the errors you point out. Do not send new information or documents for review unless you\u2019ve been asked to.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 days. You cannot request a second review (unless the result included new reasons why you were refused).

    ", + "

    If your visa\u2019s expired, you will not usually be removed from the UK until your review has been completed.

    ", + "

    Withdraw your request

    ", + "

    Your request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you:

    ", + "
  • make any other immigration or visa application
    • ", + "
  • ask for your passport back so you can travel
    • ", + "
  • leave the UK
    • ", + "

    Your request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.

    ", + "

    You can also email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.

    ", + "

    You must include your name, date of birth, nationality and either your administrative review payment reference number or Home Office reference number in your email.

    ", + "

    If your visa was cancelled at the border

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told in your decision letter if you can ask for the decision to cancel your visa to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can ask for the decision to be reviewed if your visa was cancelled for one or more of the following reasons:

    ", + "
  • there has been a change in your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • you gave false information
    • ", + "
  • you failed to include relevant facts
    • ", + "

    Apply for administrative review

    ", + "

    Your letter will tell you how to apply. It costs \u00a380.

    ", + "

    If you were given temporary admission to the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply for an administrative review within 14 days of your visa being cancelled or 7 days if you are detained. You need to do this from the UK.

    ", + "

    If your visa was cancelled at border controls outside the UK

    ", + "

    You must apply for an administrative review within 28 days of your visa being cancelled in any of the following cities:

    ", + "
  • Paris
    • ", + "
  • Brussels
    • ", + "
  • Dunkirk
    • ", + "
  • Coquelles
    • ", + "
  • Calais
    • ", + "
  • Lille
    • ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    The decision will be checked for the errors you point out. Do not send new information or documents unless you\u2019ve been asked to.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 days. You cannot request a second review (unless the result included new reasons for the cancellation of your leave).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in the UK, you will not usually be removed until your review has been completed.

    ", + "

    Withdraw your request

    ", + "

    Your request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you:

    ", + "
  • make any other immigration or visa application
    • ", + "
  • ask for your passport back so you can travel
    • ", + "
  • leave the UK
    • ", + "

    Your request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.

    ", + "

    You can also email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.

    ", + "

    You must include your name, date of birth, nationality and either your administrative review payment reference number or Home Office reference number in your email.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-removal-centre": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-removal-centre", + "title": "Find an immigration removal centre", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can visit someone in an immigration removal centre or short term holding facility.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a surgical mask when you arrive at the immigration removal centre that you must wear, unless you are exempt.\n\nYou must also follow social distancing guidelines while you\u2019re at the centre.\n\nCheck with the centre:\n\n- what the visiting hours are\n\n- if you need to book an appointment\n\n- what ID you need\n\n- what items you\u2019re allowed to take with you - you may be searched when you arrive\n\nYou may be able to contact someone in a removal centre by phone, email or video call. Contact the immigration removal centre to check.\n\n## Brook House, Gatwick\n\nVisiting hours are 2pm to 5:30pm and 6pm to 9pm each day. Last admission is at 8.30pm.\n\nYou must book at least one day in advance, between 8am and 9pm.\n\nYou must bring the following:\n\n- passport or travel document\n\n- driving licence (paper and photo sections)\n\nOr you can bring 2 of the following:\n\n- birth or marriage certificate\n\n- rail or bus pass with photo\n\n- employer\u2019s ID or student card with photo\n\n- young person\u2019s proof of age card\n\n- trade union membership card\n\n- older person\u2019s bus pass\n\n- benefits book\n\n- application registration card (ARC)\n\nThere\u2019s a free bus service from Atlantic House to Brook House with a stop at Tinsley House. The pick-up point is in front of Atlantic House, just outside Gatwick South Terminal.\n\nThere\u2019s a free on-site car park. If you use a sat nav, use the street name Perimeter Road South, not the postcode.\n\n## Colnbrook, Middlesex\n\nVisiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day.\n\nYou must bring the following:\n\n- photo ID (passport or driving licence)\n\n- utility bill showing your name and address\n\n## Dungavel House, South Lanarkshire\n\nVisiting hours are 1:30pm to 8:30pm.\n\nYou must bring 1 type of photo ID (passport, driving licence), or 2 of the following:\n\n- birth or marriage certificate\n\n- rail or bus pass with photo\n\n- employer\u2019s ID or student card\n\n- young person\u2019s proof of age card\n\n- trade union membership card\n\n- older person\u2019s bus pass\n\nThere\u2019s a free bus service between Hamilton bus and train station and Dungavel House.\n\n## Harmondsworth, Middlesex\n\nVisiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day.\n\nYou must bring the following:\n\n- photo ID (a passport or driving licence)\n\n- utility bill showing your name and address\n\n## Larne House short term holding facility, Antrim\n\nVisiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day \u2013 you must book in advance.\n\nYou must bring the following:\n\n- photo ID (passport or driving licence)\n\n- utility bill showing your name and address\n\n## Morton Hall, Lincolnshire\n\nVisiting hours are:\n\n- 1:30pm to 4:15pm every day except Thursday\n\n- 1:30pm to 8:15pm on Thursday\n\nYou must book in advance.\n\nYou must bring the following:\n\n- photo ID (passport or driving licence)\n\n- utility bill or bank statement, less than 3 months old, showing your name and address\n\nYou can use a free taxi service available to and from Lincoln and Newark rail stations. You must book at least 24 hours in advance on 01522 666 819.\n\n## Manchester short term holding facility\n\nVisiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day. You must book in advance.\n\nYou must bring the following:\n\n- photo ID (passport or driving licence)\n\n- utility bill showing your name and address\n\nFollow the signs to World Freight Terminal. Building 302 is on the right hand side of the road.\n\n## Tinsley House, Gatwick\n\nVisiting hours are 2pm to 5.30pm and 6pm to 9pm each day. Last admission is at 8:30pm.\n\nYou must book at least one day in advance, between 8am and 9pm.\n\nEveryone who visits must have ID, including children. You must bring one of the following:\n\n- passport or travel document\n\n- driving licence (paper and photo sections)\n\nOr you can bring 2 of the following:\n\n- birth or marriage certificate\n\n- rail or bus pass with photo\n\n- employer\u2019s ID or student card\n\n- young person\u2019s proof of age card\n\n- trade union membership card\n\n- older person\u2019s bus pass\n\n- benefits book\n\n- application registration card (ARC)\n\nThere\u2019s a free bus service from Atlantic House to Tinsley House with a stop at Brook House. The pick-up point is in front of Atlantic House, just outside Gatwick South Terminal.\n\nThere\u2019s a free on-site car park. If you use a sat nav, use the street name Perimeter Road South, not the postcode.\n\n## Yarl's Wood, Bedfordshire\n\nVisiting hours are 2pm to 5pm and 6pm to 9pm each day.\n\nYou must book at least one day in advance.\n\nYou must bring the following:\n\n- photo ID (passport or driving licence)\n\n- utility bill showing your name and address\n\nThere\u2019s a bus service between Bedford station and Yarl\u2019s Wood.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can visit someone in an immigration removal centre or short term holding facility.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be given a surgical mask when you arrive at the immigration removal centre that you must wear, unless you are exempt.

    ", + "

    You must also follow social distancing guidelines while you\u2019re at the centre.

    ", + "

    Check with the centre:

    ", + "
  • what the visiting hours are
    • ", + "
  • if you need to book an appointment
    • ", + "
  • what ID you need
    • ", + "
  • what items you\u2019re allowed to take with you - you may be searched when you arrive
    • ", + "

    You may be able to contact someone in a removal centre by phone, email or video call. Contact the immigration removal centre to check.

    ", + "

    Brook House, Gatwick

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 5:30pm and 6pm to 9pm each day. Last admission is at 8.30pm.

    ", + "

    You must book at least one day in advance, between 8am and 9pm.

    ", + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • passport or travel document
    • ", + "
  • driving licence (paper and photo sections)
    • ", + "

    Or you can bring 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • birth or marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • rail or bus pass with photo
    • ", + "
  • employer\u2019s ID or student card with photo
    • ", + "
  • young person\u2019s proof of age card
    • ", + "
  • trade union membership card
    • ", + "
  • older person\u2019s bus pass
    • ", + "
  • benefits book
    • ", + "
  • application registration card (ARC)
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a free bus service from Atlantic House to Brook House with a stop at Tinsley House. The pick-up point is in front of Atlantic House, just outside Gatwick South Terminal.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a free on-site car park. If you use a sat nav, use the street name Perimeter Road South, not the postcode.

    ", + "

    Colnbrook, Middlesex

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day.

    ", + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • photo ID (passport or driving licence)
    • ", + "
  • utility bill showing your name and address
    • ", + "

    Dungavel House, South Lanarkshire

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 1:30pm to 8:30pm.

    ", + "

    You must bring 1 type of photo ID (passport, driving licence), or 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • birth or marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • rail or bus pass with photo
    • ", + "
  • employer\u2019s ID or student card
    • ", + "
  • young person\u2019s proof of age card
    • ", + "
  • trade union membership card
    • ", + "
  • older person\u2019s bus pass
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a free bus service between Hamilton bus and train station and Dungavel House.

    ", + "

    Harmondsworth, Middlesex

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day.

    ", + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • photo ID (a passport or driving licence)
    • ", + "
  • utility bill showing your name and address
    • ", + "

    Larne House short term holding facility, Antrim

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day \u2013 you must book in advance.

    ", + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • photo ID (passport or driving licence)
    • ", + "
  • utility bill showing your name and address
    • ", + "

    Morton Hall, Lincolnshire

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are:

    ", + "
  • 1:30pm to 4:15pm every day except Thursday
    • ", + "
  • 1:30pm to 8:15pm on Thursday
    • ", + "

    You must book in advance.

    ", + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • photo ID (passport or driving licence)
    • ", + "
  • utility bill or bank statement, less than 3 months old, showing your name and address
    • ", + "

    You can use a free taxi service available to and from Lincoln and Newark rail stations. You must book at least 24 hours in advance on 01522 666 819.

    ", + "

    Manchester short term holding facility

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day. You must book in advance.

    ", + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • photo ID (passport or driving licence)
    • ", + "
  • utility bill showing your name and address
    • ", + "

    Follow the signs to World Freight Terminal. Building 302 is on the right hand side of the road.

    ", + "

    Tinsley House, Gatwick

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 5.30pm and 6pm to 9pm each day. Last admission is at 8:30pm.

    ", + "

    You must book at least one day in advance, between 8am and 9pm.

    ", + "

    Everyone who visits must have ID, including children. You must bring one of the following:

    ", + "
  • passport or travel document
    • ", + "
  • driving licence (paper and photo sections)
    • ", + "

    Or you can bring 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • birth or marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • rail or bus pass with photo
    • ", + "
  • employer\u2019s ID or student card
    • ", + "
  • young person\u2019s proof of age card
    • ", + "
  • trade union membership card
    • ", + "
  • older person\u2019s bus pass
    • ", + "
  • benefits book
    • ", + "
  • application registration card (ARC)
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a free bus service from Atlantic House to Tinsley House with a stop at Brook House. The pick-up point is in front of Atlantic House, just outside Gatwick South Terminal.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a free on-site car park. If you use a sat nav, use the street name Perimeter Road South, not the postcode.

    ", + "

    Yarl's Wood, Bedfordshire

    ", + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 5pm and 6pm to 9pm each day.

    ", + "

    You must book at least one day in advance.

    ", + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • photo ID (passport or driving licence)
    • ", + "
  • utility bill showing your name and address
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a bus service between Bedford station and Yarl\u2019s Wood.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/return-home-voluntarily": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/return-home-voluntarily", + "title": "Get help to return home if you\u2019re a migrant in the UK", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can get help to return to your home country. This is known as \u2018voluntary return\u2019.\n\nIf you are eligible, the voluntary returns service can:\n\n- explain your options for returning home\n\n- help you get travel documents, such as a passport\n\n- pay for travel tickets, if you are unable to\n\nYou can still get help if you\u2019re already making your own plans to return to your home country.\n\nYou may also be eligible to apply for financial support of up to \u00a33,000, which you can use to find somewhere to live, find a job or start a business in your home country.\n\n## Who can get help\n\nYou can usually apply for help to return home (\u2018voluntary return\u2019) if any of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re in the UK illegally or have overstayed your visa or permission to stay\n\n- you\u2019ve withdrawn, or want to withdraw, your application to stay in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve made a claim for asylum in the UK\n\n- you have a letter from UK Visas and Immigration confirming you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery\n\n## When you cannot apply\n\nYou cannot apply for voluntary return if you:\n\n- are currently being investigated by the police or detained by the Home Office\n\n- have been given a prison sentence that\u2019s 12 months or longer\n\n- have been convicted of an immigration offence and given a deportation order\n\n- have already been given humanitarian protection, indefinite leave to remain or refugee status in the UK\n\n- have a Service Providers from Switzerland visa\n\n- have a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- have an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nYou cannot apply for voluntary return if you either:\n\n- applied for, or have, settled or pre-settled status under the EU settlement scheme - even if you withdraw your application\n\n- started living in the UK before 1 January 2021 and meet the \u2018right to reside\u2019 criteria\n\n## Who can get financial support\n\nThe voluntary returns service can provide up to \u00a33,000 in financial support to help you after you leave the UK. If you are eligible, you will receive a single payment on a card before you leave the UK. You can only use the card in your home country.\n\nYou can apply for financial support if any of the following are true:\n\n- you are returning to a \u2018developing country\u2019, as defined by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)\n\n- your claim for asylum in the UK has been refused\n\n- you have a letter from UK Visas and Immigration confirming you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery\n\n- you\u2019re part of a family group that will travel together, including someone under 18 years old\n\n- you\u2019re under 18 and travelling alone\n\n- you\u2019re under 21 and a care leaver\n\n- you\u2019re sleeping rough\n\n- you need more help with your return - for example, because you have a medical condition\n\nContact the voluntary returns service if you\u2019re not sure whether or not you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply online for help to return to your home country you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your address in the UK\n\n- an email address\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019ve booked a flight to leave the UK in the next 7 days.\n\nApply for help online to return to your home country.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have access to the internet or a device\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## If you cannot apply online\n\nContact the voluntary returns service.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Home Office will contact you within 3 days to let you know they\u2019ve received your application.\n\nYou might need to provide further information to support your application. Your application can be cancelled if you do not do this.\n\nIf your passport or travel document is being held by the Home Office, it will be returned to you at the airport when you leave the UK.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can get help to return to your home country. This is known as \u2018voluntary return\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you are eligible, the voluntary returns service can:

    ", + "
  • explain your options for returning home
    • ", + "
  • help you get travel documents, such as a passport
    • ", + "
  • pay for travel tickets, if you are unable to
    • ", + "

    You can still get help if you\u2019re already making your own plans to return to your home country.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible to apply for financial support of up to \u00a33,000, which you can use to find somewhere to live, find a job or start a business in your home country.

    ", + "

    Who can get help

    ", + "

    You can usually apply for help to return home (\u2018voluntary return\u2019) if any of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in the UK illegally or have overstayed your visa or permission to stay
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve withdrawn, or want to withdraw, your application to stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve made a claim for asylum in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have a letter from UK Visas and Immigration confirming you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery
    • ", + "

    When you cannot apply

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for voluntary return if you:

    ", + "
  • are currently being investigated by the police or detained by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • have been given a prison sentence that\u2019s 12 months or longer
    • ", + "
  • have been convicted of an immigration offence and given a deportation order
    • ", + "
  • have already been given humanitarian protection, indefinite leave to remain or refugee status in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have a Service Providers from Switzerland visa
    • ", + "
  • have a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • have an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for voluntary return if you either:

    ", + "
  • applied for, or have, settled or pre-settled status under the EU settlement scheme - even if you withdraw your application
    • ", + "
  • started living in the UK before 1 January 2021 and meet the \u2018right to reside\u2019 criteria
    • ", + "

    Who can get financial support

    ", + "

    The voluntary returns service can provide up to \u00a33,000 in financial support to help you after you leave the UK. If you are eligible, you will receive a single payment on a card before you leave the UK. You can only use the card in your home country.

    ", + "

    You can apply for financial support if any of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you are returning to a \u2018developing country\u2019, as defined by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
    • ", + "
  • your claim for asylum in the UK has been refused
    • ", + "
  • you have a letter from UK Visas and Immigration confirming you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re part of a family group that will travel together, including someone under 18 years old
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 18 and travelling alone
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 21 and a care leaver
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re sleeping rough
    • ", + "
  • you need more help with your return - for example, because you have a medical condition
    • ", + "

    Contact the voluntary returns service if you\u2019re not sure whether or not you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    To apply online for help to return to your home country you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your address in the UK
    • ", + "
  • an email address
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply if you\u2019ve booked a flight to leave the UK in the next 7 days.

    ", + "

    Apply for help online to return to your home country.

    ", + "

    Get help to apply online

    ", + "

    You can get help with completing the online form if you:

    ", + "
  • do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device
    • ", + "
  • do not have access to the internet or a device
    • ", + "

    You cannot get immigration advice through this service.

    ", + "

    If you cannot apply online

    ", + "

    Contact the voluntary returns service.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The Home Office will contact you within 3 days to let you know they\u2019ve received your application.

    ", + "

    You might need to provide further information to support your application. Your application can be cancelled if you do not do this.

    ", + "

    If your passport or travel document is being held by the Home Office, it will be returned to you at the airport when you leave the UK.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/registered-traveller": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registered-traveller", + "title": "Registered Traveller: faster entry through the UK border", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe Registered Traveller service can help you get through the UK border faster.\n\nRegistered Travellers can use UK channels at some airports and train stations. You can use:\n\n- UK passport entry lanes\n\n- ePassport gates - if your passport has a \u2018chip\u2019\n\nYou\u2019ll need to carry your visa or biometric residence permit, if you have one.\n\nYou can no longer use the Registered Traveller service if you\u2019re from Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea or the United States. You may be able to use the ePassport gates instead.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo apply for Registered Traveller membership, you must be 18 or older and have an eligible passport.\n\nYou must also either:\n\n- have a UK visa or entry clearance\n\n- have visited the UK at least 4 times in the last 24 months\n\nIt counts as visiting when you enter the UK from another country. It does not count if you\u2019re just passing through the UK on your way to another country.\n\n## Eligible passports\n\n## Africa\n\nBotswana, Namibia, Seychelles.\n\n## Asia\n\nBrunei, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region passports only), Macao Special Administrative Region, Malaysia, Maldives, Taiwan (if your passport has a personal ID number on the photo page).\n\n## Europe\n\nAndorra, Monaco, Vatican City State.\n\n## Middle East\n\nIsrael.\n\n## North America\n\nBahamas, Mexico, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.\n\n## Oceania\n\nNauru, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Tonga.\n\n## South and Central America\n\nArgentina, Belize, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay.\n\n## Where you can use Registered Traveller\n\nYou can use the service at the following airports:\n\n- Birmingham\n\n- Bristol\n\n- Cardiff\n\n- East Midlands\n\n- Edinburgh\n\n- Gatwick\n\n- Glasgow\n\n- Heathrow\n\n- London City\n\n- Luton\n\n- Manchester\n\n- Southend\n\n- Stansted\n\nYou can use the service at the following Eurostar terminals:\n\n- Brussels\n\n- Lille\n\n- Paris\n\n## How to apply\n\nBefore you apply, check you\u2019re eligible.\n\n- Apply online for Registered Traveller membership. You\u2019ll need your passport number and expiry date. It costs \u00a370 and and lasts 12 months.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 10 working days. You\u2019ll get \u00a350 back if your application is unsuccessful.\n\n- If your application is accepted, the next time you travel to the UK you must go through the \u2018other passports\u2019 lane.\n\n- The immigration officer will check that you meet the criteria and tell you if you can become a member. Your 12 month membership will start on the day you submitted your application.\n\n## Renew or update your membership\n\nIt costs \u00a350 to renew your Registered Traveller membership for another year.\n\nIt costs \u00a320 to update your passport details if you get a new passport. You must do this before you travel to the UK.\n\nYou must also update your details if your visa or immigration status changes. There\u2019s no fee to do this.\n\nYou can also renew or update your child\u2019s membership.\n\n## Add children to your membership\n\nYou can apply to add your children to your Registered Traveller membership if you have 29 days or more left on it.\n\nOnce your child is added to your membership, you can both use the UK passport lanes together.\n\nYou will not be able to use the ePassport gates.\n\nYour child\u2019s membership will expire at the same time as yours. You\u2019ll need to renew or update your and your child\u2019s memberships separately.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve added the child to your membership, they can also travel with their other parent as long as they\u2019re also a member. Before they travel together, you\u2019ll need to email the Home Office with full names and Registered Traveller numbers for:\n\n- you\n\n- your child\n\n- your child\u2019s other parent\n\nHome Office Registered Traveller service\nrtinbox@homeoffice.gov.uk\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour child must:\n\n- be 17 or under\n\n- have an eligible passport\n\n- have a visa or entry clearance, if they\u2019re not applying as a visitor\n\n## Fee\n\nYou must pay a \u00a320 administration fee to apply for each child, plus a membership fee. This is worked out as \u00a32 a month until your membership expires.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the membership fee back if your application is unsuccessful. You will not get the \u00a320 administration fee back.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply and pay for each child separately.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your:\n\n\u2022 Registered Traveller number\n\u2022 child\u2019s passport number and expiry date\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 10 working days.\n\n## Renew or update your child\u2019s membership\n\nYou\u2019ll need to sign in with your child\u2019s Registered Traveller number and date of birth to renew or update their membership.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a membership fee to renew your child\u2019s membership, which is worked out as \u00a32 a month until your membership expires.\n\nIt costs \u00a320 to update your child\u2019s passport details if they get a new passport. You must do this before your child travels to the UK.\n\nYou must also update your child\u2019s details if their visa or immigration status changes. There\u2019s no fee to do this.\n\n## When you travel to the UK\n\nIf your application is successful, the first time you and your child travel to the UK you must both go through the \u2018other passports\u2019 lane together.\n\nYou might need to prove the relationship between you and any children travelling with you, for example if you have different surnames.\n\nYou can do this with:\n\n\u2022 a birth or adoption certificate showing your relationship to the child\n\u2022 a divorce or marriage certificate if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname to the child\n\nThe immigration officer will then confirm your child has been added to your membership. You\u2019ll get a confirmation email within 48 hours.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The Registered Traveller service can help you get through the UK border faster.

    ", + "

    Registered Travellers can use UK channels at some airports and train stations. You can use:

    ", + "
  • UK passport entry lanes
    • ", + "
  • ePassport gates - if your passport has a \u2018chip\u2019
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to carry your visa or biometric residence permit, if you have one.

    ", + "

    You can no longer use the Registered Traveller service if you\u2019re from Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea or the United States. You may be able to use the ePassport gates instead.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To apply for Registered Traveller membership, you must be 18 or older and have an eligible passport.

    ", + "

    You must also either:

    ", + "
  • have a UK visa or entry clearance
    • ", + "
  • have visited the UK at least 4 times in the last 24 months
    • ", + "

    It counts as visiting when you enter the UK from another country. It does not count if you\u2019re just passing through the UK on your way to another country.

    ", + "

    Eligible passports

    ", + "

    Africa

    ", + "

    Botswana, Namibia, Seychelles.

    ", + "

    Asia

    ", + "

    Brunei, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region passports only), Macao Special Administrative Region, Malaysia, Maldives, Taiwan (if your passport has a personal ID number on the photo page).

    ", + "

    Europe

    ", + "

    Andorra, Monaco, Vatican City State.

    ", + "

    Middle East

    ", + "

    Israel.

    ", + "

    North America

    ", + "

    Bahamas, Mexico, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.

    ", + "

    Oceania

    ", + "

    Nauru, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Tonga.

    ", + "

    South and Central America

    ", + "

    Argentina, Belize, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay.

    ", + "

    Where you can use Registered Traveller

    ", + "

    You can use the service at the following airports:

    ", + "
  • Birmingham
    • ", + "
  • Bristol
    • ", + "
  • Cardiff
    • ", + "
  • East Midlands
    • ", + "
  • Edinburgh
    • ", + "
  • Gatwick
    • ", + "
  • Glasgow
    • ", + "
  • Heathrow
    • ", + "
  • London City
    • ", + "
  • Luton
    • ", + "
  • Manchester
    • ", + "
  • Southend
    • ", + "
  • Stansted
    • ", + "

    You can use the service at the following Eurostar terminals:

    ", + "
  • Brussels
    • ", + "
  • Lille
    • ", + "
  • Paris
    • ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    Before you apply, check you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "
  • Apply online for Registered Traveller membership. You\u2019ll need your passport number and expiry date. It costs \u00a370 and and lasts 12 months.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 10 working days. You\u2019ll get \u00a350 back if your application is unsuccessful.
    • ", + "
  • If your application is accepted, the next time you travel to the UK you must go through the \u2018other passports\u2019 lane.
    • ", + "
  • The immigration officer will check that you meet the criteria and tell you if you can become a member. Your 12 month membership will start on the day you submitted your application.
    • ", + "

    Renew or update your membership

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a350 to renew your Registered Traveller membership for another year.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a320 to update your passport details if you get a new passport. You must do this before you travel to the UK.

    ", + "

    You must also update your details if your visa or immigration status changes. There\u2019s no fee to do this.

    ", + "

    You can also renew or update your child\u2019s membership.

    ", + "

    Add children to your membership

    ", + "

    You can apply to add your children to your Registered Traveller membership if you have 29 days or more left on it.

    ", + "

    Once your child is added to your membership, you can both use the UK passport lanes together.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to use the ePassport gates.

    ", + "

    Your child\u2019s membership will expire at the same time as yours. You\u2019ll need to renew or update your and your child\u2019s memberships separately.

    ", + "

    Once you\u2019ve added the child to your membership, they can also travel with their other parent as long as they\u2019re also a member. Before they travel together, you\u2019ll need to email the Home Office with full names and Registered Traveller numbers for:

    ", + "
  • you
    • ", + "
  • your child
    • ", + "
  • your child\u2019s other parent
    • ", + "

    Home Office Registered Traveller service\nrtinbox@homeoffice.gov.uk

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    Your child must:

    ", + "
  • be 17 or under
    • ", + "
  • have an eligible passport
    • ", + "
  • have a visa or entry clearance, if they\u2019re not applying as a visitor
    • ", + "

    Fee

    ", + "

    You must pay a \u00a320 administration fee to apply for each child, plus a membership fee. This is worked out as \u00a32 a month until your membership expires.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the membership fee back if your application is unsuccessful. You will not get the \u00a320 administration fee back.

    ", + "

    How to apply

    ", + "

    You must apply and pay for each child separately.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your:

    ", + "

    \u2022 Registered Traveller number\n\u2022 child\u2019s passport number and expiry date

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 10 working days.

    ", + "

    Renew or update your child\u2019s membership

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to sign in with your child\u2019s Registered Traveller number and date of birth to renew or update their membership.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a membership fee to renew your child\u2019s membership, which is worked out as \u00a32 a month until your membership expires.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a320 to update your child\u2019s passport details if they get a new passport. You must do this before your child travels to the UK.

    ", + "

    You must also update your child\u2019s details if their visa or immigration status changes. There\u2019s no fee to do this.

    ", + "

    When you travel to the UK

    ", + "

    If your application is successful, the first time you and your child travel to the UK you must both go through the \u2018other passports\u2019 lane together.

    ", + "

    You might need to prove the relationship between you and any children travelling with you, for example if you have different surnames.

    ", + "

    You can do this with:

    ", + "

    \u2022 a birth or adoption certificate showing your relationship to the child\n\u2022 a divorce or marriage certificate if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname to the child

    ", + "

    The immigration officer will then confirm your child has been added to your membership. You\u2019ll get a confirmation email within 48 hours.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/financial-assistance-mobilised-service": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/financial-assistance-mobilised-service", + "title": "Appeal a decision against financial assistance for a reservist", + "content": "## Appeal to the tribunal\n\nYou can appeal to the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals (RFAT) if your claim for financial assistance has been turned down.\n\nThe tribunal must receive your appeal within 5 days of you getting the decision letter or your application will be rejected.\n\nIf you\u2019re going to miss the deadline and have a valid reason for doing so, then say why in your notice of appeal. Extensions are only granted in exceptional circumstances.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nContact RFAT or your legal representative if you have any questions about appealing. RFAT cannot give you legal advice.\n\nYou can find legal advice, including from a lawyer.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nWrite a letter called a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 to the Secretary of Tribunals.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- your name, address and telephone number\n\n- a statement that it\u2019s a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019\n\n- the grounds for appealing the decision\n\n- what you want the tribunal to decide (known as the \u2018determination\u2019)\n\n- whether you want to attend the hearing\n\n- whether you\u2019ll be legally represented\n\n- the names and addresses of any witnesses\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing\n\n- all documents that were part of your original application\n\n- any relevant documents that were not part of your original application and the reasons why they were not included\n\n## Send your letter\n\nYou can email, fax, post or deliver your notice of appeal in person to:\n\n## After you send your appeal\n\nYou\u2019ll be told straight away when your appeal has been received.\n\nYou\u2019ll also be given:\n\n- a case name\n\n- a case number\n\n- an address for sending any further letters and documents to the tribunal\n\n- a hearing date\n\nYou\u2019ll normally find out within a week of sending your notice of appeal:\n\n- whether the tribunal will consider your case\n\n- whether the Armed Forces opposes the appeal and why\n\n- if the tribunal needs more information\n\nYou\u2019ll get another letter a few days before the hearing telling you what documents to bring with you, or send by post in advance.\n\n## Witnesses\n\nThe tribunal may suggest witnesses. You must contact them and make sure they appear at the hearing.\n\nThe tribunal can force witnesses to appear at the hearing if you\u2019re unable to do it yourself - the tribunal will tell you how.\n\n## What happens at a tribunal hearing\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou (or your legal representative) will present your case to the tribunal. An \u2018adjudication officer\u2019 will represent the Armed Forces.\n\nBoth sides can to give evidence, call witnesses, question witnesses and make statements to the tribunal.\n\nIf neither side wants to attend a hearing, a decision will be made without a hearing. This is called a \u2018paper hearing\u2019.\n\nYou and any witnesses who attend a hearing may be able to claim for expenses you have, for example accommodation or travel.\n\nHearings are usually held in public.\n\n## The tribunal\u2019s decision\n\nYou may get a decision at the end of the hearing. You\u2019ll also get a written copy sent to you.\n\nIf a decision\u2019s not made at the hearing, you\u2019ll get a letter telling you the decision within 1 month. This is known as a \u2018reserved\u2019 decision.\n\n## If you're unhappy with the tribunal's decision\n\nYou cannot appeal if you lose the case.\n\nIn exceptional circumstances, you may be able to ask for the tribunal to review its decision, for example if:\n\n- new evidence becomes available\n\n- the Secretary of Tribunals made a mistake in the proceedings\n\n- someone had the right to attend the hearing but could not, and had a valid reason for doing so\n\n- something else has gone wrong that\u2019s made the process or decision unfair (known as a review \u2018in the interests of justice\u2019)\n\nYou can get legal advice, including from a lawyer if you need help.\n\nWrite to the Secretary of Tribunals within 5 days of getting the decision.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe tribunal can:\n\n- \u2018set aside\u2019 the decision - this means you\u2019ll have another hearing\n\n- change the decision\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process in:\n\n- the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals Rules 1997\n\n- Part IX of the Reserve Forces Act 1996\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on the Reserve Forces (Call-out and Recall) (Financial Assistance) Regulations 2005.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Appeal to the tribunal

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals (RFAT) if your claim for financial assistance has been turned down.

    ", + "

    The tribunal must receive your appeal within 5 days of you getting the decision letter or your application will be rejected.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re going to miss the deadline and have a valid reason for doing so, then say why in your notice of appeal. Extensions are only granted in exceptional circumstances.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    Contact RFAT or your legal representative if you have any questions about appealing. RFAT cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    You can find legal advice, including from a lawyer.

    ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    Write a letter called a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 to the Secretary of Tribunals.

    ", + "

    You must include:

    ", + "
  • your name, address and telephone number
    • ", + "
  • a statement that it\u2019s a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the grounds for appealing the decision
    • ", + "
  • what you want the tribunal to decide (known as the \u2018determination\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • whether you want to attend the hearing
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ll be legally represented
    • ", + "
  • the names and addresses of any witnesses
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing
    • ", + "
  • all documents that were part of your original application
    • ", + "
  • any relevant documents that were not part of your original application and the reasons why they were not included
    • ", + "

    Send your letter

    ", + "

    You can email, fax, post or deliver your notice of appeal in person to:

    ", + "

    After you send your appeal

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told straight away when your appeal has been received.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be given:

    ", + "
  • a case name
    • ", + "
  • a case number
    • ", + "
  • an address for sending any further letters and documents to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • a hearing date
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally find out within a week of sending your notice of appeal:

    ", + "
  • whether the tribunal will consider your case
    • ", + "
  • whether the Armed Forces opposes the appeal and why
    • ", + "
  • if the tribunal needs more information
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get another letter a few days before the hearing telling you what documents to bring with you, or send by post in advance.

    ", + "

    Witnesses

    ", + "

    The tribunal may suggest witnesses. You must contact them and make sure they appear at the hearing.

    ", + "

    The tribunal can force witnesses to appear at the hearing if you\u2019re unable to do it yourself - the tribunal will tell you how.

    ", + "

    What happens at a tribunal hearing

    ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    You (or your legal representative) will present your case to the tribunal. An \u2018adjudication officer\u2019 will represent the Armed Forces.

    ", + "

    Both sides can to give evidence, call witnesses, question witnesses and make statements to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    If neither side wants to attend a hearing, a decision will be made without a hearing. This is called a \u2018paper hearing\u2019.

    ", + "

    You and any witnesses who attend a hearing may be able to claim for expenses you have, for example accommodation or travel.

    ", + "

    Hearings are usually held in public.

    ", + "

    The tribunal\u2019s decision

    ", + "

    You may get a decision at the end of the hearing. You\u2019ll also get a written copy sent to you.

    ", + "

    If a decision\u2019s not made at the hearing, you\u2019ll get a letter telling you the decision within 1 month. This is known as a \u2018reserved\u2019 decision.

    ", + "

    If you're unhappy with the tribunal's decision

    ", + "

    You cannot appeal if you lose the case.

    ", + "

    In exceptional circumstances, you may be able to ask for the tribunal to review its decision, for example if:

    ", + "
  • new evidence becomes available
    • ", + "
  • the Secretary of Tribunals made a mistake in the proceedings
    • ", + "
  • someone had the right to attend the hearing but could not, and had a valid reason for doing so
    • ", + "
  • something else has gone wrong that\u2019s made the process or decision unfair (known as a review \u2018in the interests of justice\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You can get legal advice, including from a lawyer if you need help.

    ", + "

    Write to the Secretary of Tribunals within 5 days of getting the decision.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    The tribunal can:

    ", + "
  • \u2018set aside\u2019 the decision - this means you\u2019ll have another hearing
    • ", + "
  • change the decision
    • ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process in:

    ", + "
  • the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals Rules 1997
    • ", + "
  • Part IX of the Reserve Forces Act 1996
    • ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on the Reserve Forces (Call-out and Recall) (Financial Assistance) Regulations 2005.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/employee-reservist": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employee-reservist", + "title": "Rights and responsibilities for reservists and employers", + "content": "## Introduction\n\nMembers of the reserve armed forces (reservists) and their employers have certain rights and responsibilities when a reservist:\n\n- joins up or starts a new job\n\n- is called up for service (mobilised)\n\n- returns to work\n\nFinancial support is available for both employers and reservists when they\u2019re called up.\n\n## Time off for training\n\nEmployers do not have to allow time off for training, but may choose to.\n\nTraining for reservists is usually made up of:\n\n- one evening a week\n\n- several weekends throughout the year\n\n- a 15-day training course each year\n\nFind employers that support reservists.\n\n## Redundancy\n\nReservists cannot be made redundant due to training or mobilisation. They must be treated the same as other employees if there are redundancies because of closure or business problems.\n\n## How the employer is notified\n\nReservists need to give their employer\u2019s details to their commanding officer. Employers then usually get a letter from the Ministry of Defence (MOD) within 5 weeks of an employee signing up.\n\nMOD does not contact employers in Northern Ireland, but reservists still need to give details of their employer to their commanding officer.\n\nReservists only have to tell their employer themselves if it\u2019s a condition of their job that they do not take any other work.\n\n## When an existing reservist changes jobs\n\nReservists should tell their commanding officer, who\u2019ll tell the new employer.\n\n## Asking MOD not to tell an employer\n\nReservists can ask MOD not to tell their employer if they have a good reason, for example it would put them at a disadvantage if their employer knew.\n\nApply to your commanding officer for an \u2018employer notification waiver\u2019. The waiver lasts for 12 months, but you can apply to renew it.\n\n## If the reservist is called up\n\nIn most cases the reservist will get 28 days\u2019 notice when they\u2019re called up (mobilised). They should let their employer know as soon as possible.\n\n## Mobilisation\n\nReservists will be sent a \u2018call-out notice\u2019 if they\u2019re needed for full-time service. This is known as \u2018mobilisation\u2019.\n\nYou must answer your call-out notice - the letter will tell you what to do.\n\nIn most cases, reservists get 28 days\u2019 notice, but they could get less if they\u2019re needed urgently.\n\nAs a reservist, you should tell your employer as soon as possible when you know you\u2019re being mobilised. Employers will also be sent a pack about their rights and responsibilities.\n\n## Financial assistance\n\nFinancial assistance is available for both reservists and employers.\n\n## Reservists\u2019 rights\n\nEmployers can be fined in court and made to pay compensation if they end a reservist\u2019s employment because of mobilisation.\n\nAfter service, reservists have a right to return to the same job.\n\n## Apply to delay or cancel mobilisation\n\nYou can apply to delay or cancel mobilisation:\n\n- as a reservist, if you\u2019re called up at a difficult time (for example, you\u2019re caring for someone or you\u2019re in full-time education)\n\n- as an employer, if it would seriously harm your business (for example, by causing financial harm or making it difficult to produce goods or provide services)\n\nYou can apply to:\n\n- defer mobilisation for up to a year - you\u2019ll get a new date to report for duty\n\n- get an exemption for a year or more - you will not be called out again until it expires\n\n- cancel (revoke) mobilisation if you\u2019ve already been mobilised\n\n## Deadline for applying\n\nReservists and employers must apply within 7 days of getting the call-out notice. If you miss this deadline, you\u2019ll have to get permission from the adjudication officer to make a late application.\n\nIf your application is unsuccessful you can appeal.\n\n## Who to contact\n\nIf you\u2019ve already been mobilised contact your commanding officer.\n\nTo apply to delay or cancel mobilisation, contact one of the following:\n\n- the person named in the notice\n\n- the adjudication officer at the mobilisation centre\n\n- the adjudication officer for the service\n\nApply in writing by email, post or fax.\n\n## Financial support for reservists\n\nIf you\u2019re called up for service you can claim financial support to cover:\n\n- the difference between your civilian pay and your service pay\n\n- the cost of any benefits in kind your employer stops\n\nThe total amount you can claim is \u00a3400 a day.\n\nIf you\u2019re serving as a medical consultant with the defence medical services, you can claim up to \u00a3822 a day.\n\n## Company benefits\n\nYou can claim for benefits normally provided by your employer, including:\n\n- health insurance or medical care\n\n- life insurance\n\n- education fees for dependent children\n\n- accommodation\n\nIf you have to return a company car that\u2019s used by your partner (for example, husband or wife), children or dependent relatives, you can claim \u00a310.70 a day (around \u00a3325 a month).\n\n## Pension contributions\n\nWhile you\u2019re mobilised you can either:\n\n- ask for the days you\u2019re mobilised to count towards the Armed Forces Pension Scheme\n\n- keep contributing to your personal or work pension (the Ministry of Defence will pay your employer\u2019s contributions)\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed, a partner or a company director, you can claim for:\n\n- the difference between your service pay and earnings from your business\n\n- up to \u00a32,000 business costs from stopping trading\n\n- agency fees and advertising for finding and training your replacement\n\n## Expenses you cannot claim\n\nYou cannot claim for expenses that you were already paying before you were mobilised. For example, you cannot claim for:\n\n- care of a dependent child or relative\n\n- care of a pet\n\n- house insurance\n\n- maintenance on your home\n\n## How to claim\n\nEmployees get instructions about how to claim in the mobilisation pack.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed, a partner or a company director, use the claim form for employers.\n\n## When to claim\n\nYou can claim any time after your service begins and up to 4 weeks after it ends.\n\n## Appeal a rejected claim\n\nYou can appeal if your claim is turned down.\n\n## Financial support for employers\n\nYou can claim financial support if a reservist you employ is called up.\n\nDo not pay their salary or pension contributions while they\u2019re away - the Ministry of Defence (MOD) pays these costs. You\u2019ll need to make changes in your payroll system.\n\nYou can apply to delay or cancel mobilisation if it will seriously harm your business.\n\n## What you can get\n\nYou can claim financial assistance to cover:\n\n- the cost of a temporary replacement if it\u2019s more than the reservist\u2019s salary (up to \u00a3110 a day)\n\n- advertising costs and agency fees for finding a replacement\n\n- a period of handover and takeover (5 days before and after mobilisation)\n\n- 75% of the cost of specialist clothing for the replacement (up to \u00a3300)\n\n- training costs for the replacement (up to \u00a32,000)\n\n- overtime, if other employees cover the work\n\n- training the reservist needs to carry on their job when they return\n\n## Extra support for small and medium-sized businesses\n\nYou can claim \u00a3500 a month in addition to the costs of replacing and retraining the reservist unless both of the following apply:\n\n- your annual turnover was more than \u00a325.9 million in the 12 months before the reservist was called up\n\n- you had more than 250 employees or partners on the date of mobilisation\n\nThese are known as employer incentive payments.\n\n## What you cannot claim for\n\nYou cannot claim for:\n\n- loss of profits, turnover or goodwill\n\n- your reservist\u2019s salary or pension contributions if you keep paying them\n\n## How to claim\n\nDownload and fill in the claim form. Print it out, sign it and either scan and email it or post it. The addresses are on the form.\n\n## When to claim\n\nYou can claim before the reservist leaves, but you will not get a payment until they\u2019ve started service. You cannot claim later than 4 weeks after the last day of their service.\n\nYou can claim for costs as they arise - you do not have to claim for them all at once.\n\nCosts for training should be claimed within 8 weeks of the end of the training.\n\n## Help for employers\n\nIf you need further help, email Defence Relationship Management (DRM).\n\n## Payroll reporting for employers\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make some changes in your payroll software if your reservist is mobilised.\n\n## If their service will be less than 12 months\n\nOnce they\u2019ve started their service:\n\n- put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Irregular payment pattern indicator\u2019 in the next Full Payment Submission (FPS) you send to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- change their tax code to \u2018BR M1\u2019 if they\u2019re paid monthly, or \u2018BR W1\u2019 if it\u2019s weekly\n\n## If their service will be more than 12 months\n\nPut a leaving date in your FPS and give them a P45. When they\u2019re back from service, give them a new payroll ID.\n\nDo not put a leaving date in your FPS or give them a P45 if their service was due to be less than 12 months but lasted longer.\n\n## Returning to work\n\nAfter service, reservists are given a period of leave. If they want to return to work before the end of their leave they must get permission from either their commanding officer or the demobilisation centre.\n\nEmployers cannot force a reservist to return to work before their leave finishes.\n\n## Notice of returning to work\n\nReservists should write to their employer as soon as they know when they can return to work. This must be no later than the third Monday after their last day of service.\n\nEmployers must re-employ them as soon as they\u2019re able to.\n\n## Returning to the same job\n\nReservists are entitled to return to the same type of job they were doing before they were mobilised, on the same terms and conditions.\n\nIf the job no longer exists, they\u2019re entitled to a reasonable alternative.\n\n## How long reservists must be re-employed for\n\nEmployers must offer reservists employment for a certain amount of time, depending on how long they were employed by them before mobilisation.\n\n| Weeks of employment before mobilisation | Number of weeks reservist must be re-employed for |\n\n| Up to 13 | At least 13 |\n\n| Between 13 and 51 | At least 26 |\n\n| 52 weeks or more | At least 52 |\n\n## Problems returning to work\n\nIf you are not re-employed you can apply to a tribunal. They can instruct your former employer to re-employ you or award you financial compensation.\n\nWrite to the tribunal if, after telling your employer you\u2019re returning to work:\n\n- you do not hear back from them\n\n- they will not re-employ you\n\n- they offer you a job you\u2019re not happy with", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Introduction

    ", + "

    Members of the reserve armed forces (reservists) and their employers have certain rights and responsibilities when a reservist:

    ", + "
  • joins up or starts a new job
    • ", + "
  • is called up for service (mobilised)
    • ", + "
  • returns to work
    • ", + "

    Financial support is available for both employers and reservists when they\u2019re called up.

    ", + "

    Time off for training

    ", + "

    Employers do not have to allow time off for training, but may choose to.

    ", + "

    Training for reservists is usually made up of:

    ", + "
  • one evening a week
    • ", + "
  • several weekends throughout the year
    • ", + "
  • a 15-day training course each year
    • ", + "

    Find employers that support reservists.

    ", + "

    Redundancy

    ", + "

    Reservists cannot be made redundant due to training or mobilisation. They must be treated the same as other employees if there are redundancies because of closure or business problems.

    ", + "

    How the employer is notified

    ", + "

    Reservists need to give their employer\u2019s details to their commanding officer. Employers then usually get a letter from the Ministry of Defence (MOD) within 5 weeks of an employee signing up.

    ", + "

    MOD does not contact employers in Northern Ireland, but reservists still need to give details of their employer to their commanding officer.

    ", + "

    Reservists only have to tell their employer themselves if it\u2019s a condition of their job that they do not take any other work.

    ", + "

    When an existing reservist changes jobs

    ", + "

    Reservists should tell their commanding officer, who\u2019ll tell the new employer.

    ", + "

    Asking MOD not to tell an employer

    ", + "

    Reservists can ask MOD not to tell their employer if they have a good reason, for example it would put them at a disadvantage if their employer knew.

    ", + "

    Apply to your commanding officer for an \u2018employer notification waiver\u2019. The waiver lasts for 12 months, but you can apply to renew it.

    ", + "

    If the reservist is called up

    ", + "

    In most cases the reservist will get 28 days\u2019 notice when they\u2019re called up (mobilised). They should let their employer know as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    Mobilisation

    ", + "

    Reservists will be sent a \u2018call-out notice\u2019 if they\u2019re needed for full-time service. This is known as \u2018mobilisation\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must answer your call-out notice - the letter will tell you what to do.

    ", + "

    In most cases, reservists get 28 days\u2019 notice, but they could get less if they\u2019re needed urgently.

    ", + "

    As a reservist, you should tell your employer as soon as possible when you know you\u2019re being mobilised. Employers will also be sent a pack about their rights and responsibilities.

    ", + "

    Financial assistance

    ", + "

    Financial assistance is available for both reservists and employers.

    ", + "

    Reservists\u2019 rights

    ", + "

    Employers can be fined in court and made to pay compensation if they end a reservist\u2019s employment because of mobilisation.

    ", + "

    After service, reservists have a right to return to the same job.

    ", + "

    Apply to delay or cancel mobilisation

    ", + "

    You can apply to delay or cancel mobilisation:

    ", + "
  • as a reservist, if you\u2019re called up at a difficult time (for example, you\u2019re caring for someone or you\u2019re in full-time education)
    • ", + "
  • as an employer, if it would seriously harm your business (for example, by causing financial harm or making it difficult to produce goods or provide services)
    • ", + "

    You can apply to:

    ", + "
  • defer mobilisation for up to a year - you\u2019ll get a new date to report for duty
    • ", + "
  • get an exemption for a year or more - you will not be called out again until it expires
    • ", + "
  • cancel (revoke) mobilisation if you\u2019ve already been mobilised
    • ", + "

    Deadline for applying

    ", + "

    Reservists and employers must apply within 7 days of getting the call-out notice. If you miss this deadline, you\u2019ll have to get permission from the adjudication officer to make a late application.

    ", + "

    If your application is unsuccessful you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Who to contact

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already been mobilised contact your commanding officer.

    ", + "

    To apply to delay or cancel mobilisation, contact one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the person named in the notice
    • ", + "
  • the adjudication officer at the mobilisation centre
    • ", + "
  • the adjudication officer for the service
    • ", + "

    Apply in writing by email, post or fax.

    ", + "

    Financial support for reservists

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re called up for service you can claim financial support to cover:

    ", + "
  • the difference between your civilian pay and your service pay
    • ", + "
  • the cost of any benefits in kind your employer stops
    • ", + "

    The total amount you can claim is \u00a3400 a day.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re serving as a medical consultant with the defence medical services, you can claim up to \u00a3822 a day.

    ", + "

    Company benefits

    ", + "

    You can claim for benefits normally provided by your employer, including:

    ", + "
  • health insurance or medical care
    • ", + "
  • life insurance
    • ", + "
  • education fees for dependent children
    • ", + "
  • accommodation
    • ", + "

    If you have to return a company car that\u2019s used by your partner (for example, husband or wife), children or dependent relatives, you can claim \u00a310.70 a day (around \u00a3325 a month).

    ", + "

    Pension contributions

    ", + "

    While you\u2019re mobilised you can either:

    ", + "
  • ask for the days you\u2019re mobilised to count towards the Armed Forces Pension Scheme
    • ", + "
  • keep contributing to your personal or work pension (the Ministry of Defence will pay your employer\u2019s contributions)
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed, a partner or a company director, you can claim for:

    ", + "
  • the difference between your service pay and earnings from your business
    • ", + "
  • up to \u00a32,000 business costs from stopping trading
    • ", + "
  • agency fees and advertising for finding and training your replacement
    • ", + "

    Expenses you cannot claim

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for expenses that you were already paying before you were mobilised. For example, you cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • care of a dependent child or relative
    • ", + "
  • care of a pet
    • ", + "
  • house insurance
    • ", + "
  • maintenance on your home
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Employees get instructions about how to claim in the mobilisation pack.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed, a partner or a company director, use the claim form for employers.

    ", + "

    When to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim any time after your service begins and up to 4 weeks after it ends.

    ", + "

    Appeal a rejected claim

    ", + "

    You can appeal if your claim is turned down.

    ", + "

    Financial support for employers

    ", + "

    You can claim financial support if a reservist you employ is called up.

    ", + "

    Do not pay their salary or pension contributions while they\u2019re away - the Ministry of Defence (MOD) pays these costs. You\u2019ll need to make changes in your payroll system.

    ", + "

    You can apply to delay or cancel mobilisation if it will seriously harm your business.

    ", + "

    What you can get

    ", + "

    You can claim financial assistance to cover:

    ", + "
  • the cost of a temporary replacement if it\u2019s more than the reservist\u2019s salary (up to \u00a3110 a day)
    • ", + "
  • advertising costs and agency fees for finding a replacement
    • ", + "
  • a period of handover and takeover (5 days before and after mobilisation)
    • ", + "
  • 75% of the cost of specialist clothing for the replacement (up to \u00a3300)
    • ", + "
  • training costs for the replacement (up to \u00a32,000)
    • ", + "
  • overtime, if other employees cover the work
    • ", + "
  • training the reservist needs to carry on their job when they return
    • ", + "

    Extra support for small and medium-sized businesses

    ", + "

    You can claim \u00a3500 a month in addition to the costs of replacing and retraining the reservist unless both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your annual turnover was more than \u00a325.9 million in the 12 months before the reservist was called up
    • ", + "
  • you had more than 250 employees or partners on the date of mobilisation
    • ", + "

    These are known as employer incentive payments.

    ", + "

    What you cannot claim for

    ", + "

    You cannot claim for:

    ", + "
  • loss of profits, turnover or goodwill
    • ", + "
  • your reservist\u2019s salary or pension contributions if you keep paying them
    • ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the claim form. Print it out, sign it and either scan and email it or post it. The addresses are on the form.

    ", + "

    When to claim

    ", + "

    You can claim before the reservist leaves, but you will not get a payment until they\u2019ve started service. You cannot claim later than 4 weeks after the last day of their service.

    ", + "

    You can claim for costs as they arise - you do not have to claim for them all at once.

    ", + "

    Costs for training should be claimed within 8 weeks of the end of the training.

    ", + "

    Help for employers

    ", + "

    If you need further help, email Defence Relationship Management (DRM).

    ", + "

    Payroll reporting for employers

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make some changes in your payroll software if your reservist is mobilised.

    ", + "

    If their service will be less than 12 months

    ", + "

    Once they\u2019ve started their service:

    ", + "
  • put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Irregular payment pattern indicator\u2019 in the next Full Payment Submission (FPS) you send to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • change their tax code to \u2018BR M1\u2019 if they\u2019re paid monthly, or \u2018BR W1\u2019 if it\u2019s weekly
    • ", + "

    If their service will be more than 12 months

    ", + "

    Put a leaving date in your FPS and give them a P45. When they\u2019re back from service, give them a new payroll ID.

    ", + "

    Do not put a leaving date in your FPS or give them a P45 if their service was due to be less than 12 months but lasted longer.

    ", + "

    Returning to work

    ", + "

    After service, reservists are given a period of leave. If they want to return to work before the end of their leave they must get permission from either their commanding officer or the demobilisation centre.

    ", + "

    Employers cannot force a reservist to return to work before their leave finishes.

    ", + "

    Notice of returning to work

    ", + "

    Reservists should write to their employer as soon as they know when they can return to work. This must be no later than the third Monday after their last day of service.

    ", + "

    Employers must re-employ them as soon as they\u2019re able to.

    ", + "

    Returning to the same job

    ", + "

    Reservists are entitled to return to the same type of job they were doing before they were mobilised, on the same terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    If the job no longer exists, they\u2019re entitled to a reasonable alternative.

    ", + "

    How long reservists must be re-employed for

    ", + "

    Employers must offer reservists employment for a certain amount of time, depending on how long they were employed by them before mobilisation.

    ", + "Weeks of employment before mobilisation | Number of weeks reservist must be re-employed for", + "Up to 13 | At least 13", + "Between 13 and 51 | At least 26", + "52 weeks or more | At least 52", + "

    Problems returning to work

    ", + "

    If you are not re-employed you can apply to a tribunal. They can instruct your former employer to re-employ you or award you financial compensation.

    ", + "

    Write to the tribunal if, after telling your employer you\u2019re returning to work:

    ", + "
  • you do not hear back from them
    • ", + "
  • they will not re-employ you
    • ", + "
  • they offer you a job you\u2019re not happy with
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/bfpo": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bfpo", + "title": "Send mail with the British Forces Post Office (BFPO)", + "content": "## Find a BFPO number\n\nYou can use the British Forces Post Office (BFPO) if you\u2019re sending mail to:\n\n- serving armed forces personnel and their families\n\n- an employee of the Ministry of Defence (MOD), or another official organisation, who\u2019s entitled to use BFPO\n\nYou should only use BFPO to send mail to someone you know - there are other ways to support members of the armed forces.\n\nCheck for updates to postal services, including changes to services because of Christmas, coronavirus or problems like severe weather or industrial action.\n\n## BFPO numbers\n\nSee a list of all BFPO locations with their numbers and postcodes.\n\nOnly use postcodes when ordering items from UK-based websites.\n\n## How to address BFPO mail\n\nWrite the address clearly in capital letters, keeping exactly to the format for the role of the person you\u2019re posting to.\n\nWrite a return address on the back of the mail.\n\nUse a BFPO postcode if you\u2019re ordering goods online, or a BFPO number for anything else.\n\nIf you use a BFPO postcode instead of a BFPO number, it\u2019ll still arrive but it may take longer.\n\nWrite \u2018GB\u2019 after the BFPO number or postcode if you\u2019re posting mail from outside the UK.\n\nYour mail may be delayed or sent to the wrong place if you:\n\n- include the location (such as the town or country) in the address when using a BFPO number\n\n- write anything else on the packaging\n\n## Address format for service personnel\n\n## Address format for family\n\nUse this format if the item is for a dependant of a serving member of HM Forces.\n\n## Address format for non-service personnel\n\nUse this format if the item is for an employee of the Ministry of Defence (MOD), or another official organisation, who\u2019s entitled to use BFPO.\n\n## Customs declarations\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a customs declaration if you\u2019re sending something outside of the UK.\n\nParcels up to 2kg are delivered by Royal Mail. You must include:\n\n- form CN22 - for contents worth up to \u00a3270\n\n- form CN23 - for contents worth more than \u00a3270\n\nParcels over 2kg and up to 30kg are delivered by Parcelforce. You must include a form PFU 509/CP72 with these - get one from your local Post Office.\n\n## Cost, size and weight\n\nThe cost of using British Forces Post Office (BFPO) depends on the size and weight of the letter or parcel you\u2019re sending.\n\n## Standard letter\n\nLength: up to 240mm \nWidth: up to 165mm \nThickness: up to 5mm\n\n| Weight range | Cost |\n\n| Up to 100g | \u00a30.85 |\n\n## Large letter\n\nLength: up to 353mm \nWidth: up to 250mm \nThickness: up to 25mm\n\n| Weight range | Cost |\n\n| Up to 100g | \u00a31.29 |\n\n| 101g to 250g | \u00a31.83 |\n\n| 251g to 500g | \u00a32.39 |\n\n| 501g to 750g | \u00a33.30 |\n\n## Small parcels\n\nLength: up to 450mm \nWidth: up to 350mm \nThickness: up to 160mm\n\n| Weight range | Cost |\n\n| Up to 1,000g | \u00a33.85 |\n\n| 1,001g to 2,000g | \u00a35.57 |\n\nIf you\u2019re sending a cylindrical parcel, double the diameter and add this to the length. The total cannot be more than 1,040mm. The biggest dimension cannot be more than 900mm.\n\n## Medium parcels (Royal Mail)\n\nThe medium parcels service is available at Forces Post Offices and UK Post Office branches.\n\nAdd up the length, width and depth. This cannot be more than 900mm.\n\n| Weight range | Cost |\n\n| Up to 1kg | \u00a36 |\n\n| 1.1kg to 2kg | \u00a39.02 |\n\n| Up to to 5kg | \u00a315.85 |\n\n| 5.1kg to 10kg | \u00a321.90 |\n\n| 10.1kg to 20kg | \u00a333.40 |\n\n## Worldwide parcels (ParcelForce)\n\nThere are certain size and weight restrictions depending on which service you choose and where you\u2019re sending your parcel.\n\n| Maximum weight | Cost |\n\n| 2kg | \u00a39 |\n\n| 5kg | \u00a311.60 |\n\n| 10kg | \u00a313.45 |\n\n| 15kg | \u00a319.35 |\n\n| 20kg | \u00a323.75 |\n\n| 25kg | \u00a334.20 |\n\n| 30kg | \u00a337.45 |\n\n## Enduring families free mail service (EFFMS)\n\nFamilies and friends in UK and BFPOs can send packets of up to 2kg, free of charge, to service personnel in certain operations and HM Ships.\n\nRead more about the enduring families free mail service.\n\n## Compensation, insurance and special delivery\n\nRead the guidance on claiming compensation for items that are lost or damaged.\n\n## What you cannot send\n\nYou cannot send some items with British Forces Post Office mail, including:\n\n- alcoholic beverages\n\n- arms and ammunition\n\n- batteries\n\n- Christmas crackers\n\n- financial documents\n\n- fragile items\n\n- indecent, obscene or offensive articles\n\n- prescription medicines and drugs sent for scientific purposes\n\n- pressurised containers (including aerosols like deodorants and shaving foams or gels)\n\n- sharp objects and instruments (including scissors and kitchen knives or utensils)\n\nRead the detailed guidance for the full list of items you cannot send.\n\nIf you send these items, your whole parcel may be delayed or returned to you.\n\n## Buying goods online\n\nYou can use the British Forces Post Office (BFPO) to order goods from certain UK-based online retailers.\n\nSee the list of retailers in this scheme.\n\nRead the disclaimer and additional information if you want to use a company that is not on the list of approved retailers.\n\n## Send an INtouch message\n\nThe INtouch service has been discontinued and is no longer available.\n\nYou can send letters using the enduring families free mail service (EFFMS).\n\n## Contacts and enquiries\n\nRead the guidance about what to do if your mail has not arrived within 30 days.\n\n## Other ways to get support\n\nBFPO is also on:\n\n- Twitter\n\n- Facebook", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Find a BFPO number

    ", + "

    You can use the British Forces Post Office (BFPO) if you\u2019re sending mail to:

    ", + "
  • serving armed forces personnel and their families
    • ", + "
  • an employee of the Ministry of Defence (MOD), or another official organisation, who\u2019s entitled to use BFPO
    • ", + "

    You should only use BFPO to send mail to someone you know - there are other ways to support members of the armed forces.

    ", + "

    Check for updates to postal services, including changes to services because of Christmas, coronavirus or problems like severe weather or industrial action.

    ", + "

    BFPO numbers

    ", + "

    See a list of all BFPO locations with their numbers and postcodes.

    ", + "

    Only use postcodes when ordering items from UK-based websites.

    ", + "

    How to address BFPO mail

    ", + "

    Write the address clearly in capital letters, keeping exactly to the format for the role of the person you\u2019re posting to.

    ", + "

    Write a return address on the back of the mail.

    ", + "

    Use a BFPO postcode if you\u2019re ordering goods online, or a BFPO number for anything else.

    ", + "

    If you use a BFPO postcode instead of a BFPO number, it\u2019ll still arrive but it may take longer.

    ", + "

    Write \u2018GB\u2019 after the BFPO number or postcode if you\u2019re posting mail from outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Your mail may be delayed or sent to the wrong place if you:

    ", + "
  • include the location (such as the town or country) in the address when using a BFPO number
    • ", + "
  • write anything else on the packaging
    • ", + "

    Address format for service personnel

    ", + "

    Address format for family

    ", + "

    Use this format if the item is for a dependant of a serving member of HM Forces.

    ", + "

    Address format for non-service personnel

    ", + "

    Use this format if the item is for an employee of the Ministry of Defence (MOD), or another official organisation, who\u2019s entitled to use BFPO.

    ", + "

    Customs declarations

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make a customs declaration if you\u2019re sending something outside of the UK.

    ", + "

    Parcels up to 2kg are delivered by Royal Mail. You must include:

    ", + "
  • form CN22 - for contents worth up to \u00a3270
    • ", + "
  • form CN23 - for contents worth more than \u00a3270
    • ", + "

    Parcels over 2kg and up to 30kg are delivered by Parcelforce. You must include a form PFU 509/CP72 with these - get one from your local Post Office.

    ", + "

    Cost, size and weight

    ", + "

    The cost of using British Forces Post Office (BFPO) depends on the size and weight of the letter or parcel you\u2019re sending.

    ", + "

    Standard letter

    ", + "

    Length: up to 240mm \nWidth: up to 165mm \nThickness: up to 5mm

    ", + "Weight range | Cost", + "Up to 100g | \u00a30.85", + "

    Large letter

    ", + "

    Length: up to 353mm \nWidth: up to 250mm \nThickness: up to 25mm

    ", + "Weight range | Cost", + "Up to 100g | \u00a31.29", + "101g to 250g | \u00a31.83", + "251g to 500g | \u00a32.39", + "501g to 750g | \u00a33.30", + "

    Small parcels

    ", + "

    Length: up to 450mm \nWidth: up to 350mm \nThickness: up to 160mm

    ", + "Weight range | Cost", + "Up to 1,000g | \u00a33.85", + "1,001g to 2,000g | \u00a35.57", + "

    If you\u2019re sending a cylindrical parcel, double the diameter and add this to the length. The total cannot be more than 1,040mm. The biggest dimension cannot be more than 900mm.

    ", + "

    Medium parcels (Royal Mail)

    ", + "

    The medium parcels service is available at Forces Post Offices and UK Post Office branches.

    ", + "

    Add up the length, width and depth. This cannot be more than 900mm.

    ", + "Weight range | Cost", + "Up to 1kg | \u00a36", + "1.1kg to 2kg | \u00a39.02", + "Up to to 5kg | \u00a315.85", + "5.1kg to 10kg | \u00a321.90", + "10.1kg to 20kg | \u00a333.40", + "

    Worldwide parcels (ParcelForce)

    ", + "

    There are certain size and weight restrictions depending on which service you choose and where you\u2019re sending your parcel.

    ", + "Maximum weight | Cost", + "2kg | \u00a39", + "5kg | \u00a311.60", + "10kg | \u00a313.45", + "15kg | \u00a319.35", + "20kg | \u00a323.75", + "25kg | \u00a334.20", + "30kg | \u00a337.45", + "

    Enduring families free mail service (EFFMS)

    ", + "

    Families and friends in UK and BFPOs can send packets of up to 2kg, free of charge, to service personnel in certain operations and HM Ships.

    ", + "

    Read more about the enduring families free mail service.

    ", + "

    Compensation, insurance and special delivery

    ", + "

    Read the guidance on claiming compensation for items that are lost or damaged.

    ", + "

    What you cannot send

    ", + "

    You cannot send some items with British Forces Post Office mail, including:

    ", + "
  • alcoholic beverages
    • ", + "
  • arms and ammunition
    • ", + "
  • batteries
    • ", + "
  • Christmas crackers
    • ", + "
  • financial documents
    • ", + "
  • fragile items
    • ", + "
  • indecent, obscene or offensive articles
    • ", + "
  • prescription medicines and drugs sent for scientific purposes
    • ", + "
  • pressurised containers (including aerosols like deodorants and shaving foams or gels)
    • ", + "
  • sharp objects and instruments (including scissors and kitchen knives or utensils)
    • ", + "

    Read the detailed guidance for the full list of items you cannot send.

    ", + "

    If you send these items, your whole parcel may be delayed or returned to you.

    ", + "

    Buying goods online

    ", + "

    You can use the British Forces Post Office (BFPO) to order goods from certain UK-based online retailers.

    ", + "

    See the list of retailers in this scheme.

    ", + "

    Read the disclaimer and additional information if you want to use a company that is not on the list of approved retailers.

    ", + "

    Send an INtouch message

    ", + "

    The INtouch service has been discontinued and is no longer available.

    ", + "

    You can send letters using the enduring families free mail service (EFFMS).

    ", + "

    Contacts and enquiries

    ", + "

    Read the guidance about what to do if your mail has not arrived within 30 days.

    ", + "

    Other ways to get support

    ", + "

    BFPO is also on:

    ", + "
  • Twitter
    • ", + "
  • Facebook
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/war-pension-armed-forces-compensation-tribunal": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-pension-armed-forces-compensation-tribunal", + "title": "War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Tribunal", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber) if you disagree with a decision about your war pension or compensation.\n\nYou must appeal within 1 year of getting your decision letter.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nThere are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Decisions the tribunal can make\n\nThe tribunal will decide whether your injury was caused or made worse by serving in the armed forces.\n\nIf it was, it can then make decisions about:\n\n- your entitlement to a pension or compensation\n\n- how much pension you get\n\n- your entitlement to extra allowances, for example for mobility needs\n\n- pension start dates\n\n- withheld pensions\n\nThe tribunal deals with appeals for the 2 pension schemes currently running, which are:\n\n- the War Pensions Scheme - for injuries caused or made worse by service before 6 April 2005\n\n- the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme - for injuries caused by service from 6 April 2005 onwards\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou may want to get legal help or advice before you appeal.\n\nYou may also be able to get help from organisations including:\n\n- Combat Stress\n\n- Blesma: The Limbless Veterans\n\n- Burma Star Association\n\n- National Gulf Veterans and Families Association (NGVFA)\n\n- Royal Air Forces Association (RAFA)\n\n- Royal British Legion (RBL)\n\n- Soldiers Sailors and Airmen\u2019s Families Association Forces Help (SSAFA)\n\n- UK Armed Forces Charities\n\n## How to appeal\n\nYou should appeal within one year of getting your decision letter.\n\n## Before you appeal\n\nWrite a letter to Veterans UK and ask them to reconsider their decision. Explain why you think the decision is wrong and give any information not included in your original claim.\n\nThey will look at your case again and write to you with their decision.\n\nVeterans UK was previously known as the Service Personnel and Veterans Agency (SPVA).\n\n## If you\u2019re still unhappy\n\nContact the Veterans UK helpline and ask for an appeal form to take your case to the tribunal. Fill it in and send it back to Veterans UK.\n\nCall if you need help filling in the form.\n\n## Late appeals\n\nIn some cases you\u2019ll be allowed to appeal after one year, but you must explain why your appeal is late. You cannot appeal against any decision after 2 years.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nVeterans UK will send the response to your appeal to the tribunal - you\u2019ll get a copy of the response. The response will contain information given in your claim and the evidence used to make the decision under appeal, such as medical reports that you may regard as confidential.\n\nYou can choose to reply in writing (a \u2018written submission\u2019) explaining why you disagree with the facts they used - you must do this within one month of receiving the copy.\n\nThe tribunal will look at your case and ask for more information if they need it.\n\nYou can also send any other evidence to support your case to the tribunal.\n\nThe tribunal will tell you if there\u2019ll be a hearing about your case.\n\nThere are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.\n\n## The tribunal hearing\n\nThere are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.\n\nHearings are usually held in major cities across England and Wales. You\u2019ll be told where you have to go.\n\nThe tribunal will give you at least 14 days\u2019 notice of the date of any hearing. You should be given a hearing within 4 months of the tribunal receiving a response from Veterans UK.\n\nYou must tell the tribunal if you cannot make it to the hearing - they might arrange another date if you have a good reason.\n\nThe tribunal might hold the hearing without you if do not attend.\n\n## Prepare for the hearing\n\nYou can go to the hearing on your own or ask someone to help represent you. You can also call a witness to support your case.\n\nOrganisations that can help represent you include:\n\n- Royal British Legion\n\n- Royal Air Forces Association\n\n- Combat Stress\n\n- Blesma: The Limbless Veterans\n\n- National Gulf Veterans and Families Association\n\n- UK Armed Forces Charities\n\nTake your appeal papers and the documents you\u2019re using as evidence to the hearing. You should give copies of any evidence to the tribunal and Veterans UK before the tribunal hearing.\n\n## Tribunal panel\n\nThe tribunal is made up of:\n\n- a judge\n\n- a medical member\n\n- a service member\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nThe judge, tribunal members, Veterans UK and your representative (if you have one) will ask you questions about your case.\n\nThe tribunal will then question any witnesses you\u2019ve brought to the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision from the tribunal on the day of the hearing.\n\n## Expenses\n\nYou might be able to claim expenses or compensation for:\n\n- travel (only in the UK)\n\n- living expenses for the time you\u2019re away from home\n\n- loss of earnings\n\n## More information\n\nYou can find out more about expenses or contact the tribunal for more information.\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYou can ask the tribunal for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you lose your appeal.\n\nYou must ask for permission to appeal within 6 weeks of getting the decision.\n\nThe Upper Tribunal will look at the case to see if the original decision was correct.\n\n## Reasons for appealing\n\nYou can only appeal if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, including if the tribunal did not:\n\n- follow the right procedures - for example it did not tell you in time about the hearing\n\n- give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts\n\n- apply the law properly\n\nBefore appealing, ask the original tribunal for the written statement of reasons for its decision.\n\n## Contact the Upper Tribunal\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal will make decisions based on:\n\n- the Pensions Appeal Tribunals Act 1943\n\n- The Naval, Military and Air Forces Etc. (Disablement and Death) Service Pensions Order 2006\n\n- the Armed Forces and Reserve Forces (Compensation Scheme) Order 2011\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process set out in the:\n\n- the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber) Rules 2008\n\n- the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber) if you disagree with a decision about your war pension or compensation.

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 1 year of getting your decision letter.

    ", + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    There are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Decisions the tribunal can make

    ", + "

    The tribunal will decide whether your injury was caused or made worse by serving in the armed forces.

    ", + "

    If it was, it can then make decisions about:

    ", + "
  • your entitlement to a pension or compensation
    • ", + "
  • how much pension you get
    • ", + "
  • your entitlement to extra allowances, for example for mobility needs
    • ", + "
  • pension start dates
    • ", + "
  • withheld pensions
    • ", + "

    The tribunal deals with appeals for the 2 pension schemes currently running, which are:

    ", + "
  • the War Pensions Scheme - for injuries caused or made worse by service before 6 April 2005
    • ", + "
  • the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme - for injuries caused by service from 6 April 2005 onwards
    • ", + "

    Help you can get

    ", + "

    You may want to get legal help or advice before you appeal.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get help from organisations including:

    ", + "
  • Combat Stress
    • ", + "
  • Blesma: The Limbless Veterans
    • ", + "
  • Burma Star Association
    • ", + "
  • National Gulf Veterans and Families Association (NGVFA)
    • ", + "
  • Royal Air Forces Association (RAFA)
    • ", + "
  • Royal British Legion (RBL)
    • ", + "
  • Soldiers Sailors and Airmen\u2019s Families Association Forces Help (SSAFA)
    • ", + "
  • UK Armed Forces Charities
    • ", + "

    How to appeal

    ", + "

    You should appeal within one year of getting your decision letter.

    ", + "

    Before you appeal

    ", + "

    Write a letter to Veterans UK and ask them to reconsider their decision. Explain why you think the decision is wrong and give any information not included in your original claim.

    ", + "

    They will look at your case again and write to you with their decision.

    ", + "

    Veterans UK was previously known as the Service Personnel and Veterans Agency (SPVA).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re still unhappy

    ", + "

    Contact the Veterans UK helpline and ask for an appeal form to take your case to the tribunal. Fill it in and send it back to Veterans UK.

    ", + "

    Call if you need help filling in the form.

    ", + "

    Late appeals

    ", + "

    In some cases you\u2019ll be allowed to appeal after one year, but you must explain why your appeal is late. You cannot appeal against any decision after 2 years.

    ", + "

    After you appeal

    ", + "

    Veterans UK will send the response to your appeal to the tribunal - you\u2019ll get a copy of the response. The response will contain information given in your claim and the evidence used to make the decision under appeal, such as medical reports that you may regard as confidential.

    ", + "

    You can choose to reply in writing (a \u2018written submission\u2019) explaining why you disagree with the facts they used - you must do this within one month of receiving the copy.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will look at your case and ask for more information if they need it.

    ", + "

    You can also send any other evidence to support your case to the tribunal.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will tell you if there\u2019ll be a hearing about your case.

    ", + "

    There are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    The tribunal hearing

    ", + "

    There are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Hearings are usually held in major cities across England and Wales. You\u2019ll be told where you have to go.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will give you at least 14 days\u2019 notice of the date of any hearing. You should be given a hearing within 4 months of the tribunal receiving a response from Veterans UK.

    ", + "

    You must tell the tribunal if you cannot make it to the hearing - they might arrange another date if you have a good reason.

    ", + "

    The tribunal might hold the hearing without you if do not attend.

    ", + "

    Prepare for the hearing

    ", + "

    You can go to the hearing on your own or ask someone to help represent you. You can also call a witness to support your case.

    ", + "

    Organisations that can help represent you include:

    ", + "
  • Royal British Legion
    • ", + "
  • Royal Air Forces Association
    • ", + "
  • Combat Stress
    • ", + "
  • Blesma: The Limbless Veterans
    • ", + "
  • National Gulf Veterans and Families Association
    • ", + "
  • UK Armed Forces Charities
    • ", + "

    Take your appeal papers and the documents you\u2019re using as evidence to the hearing. You should give copies of any evidence to the tribunal and Veterans UK before the tribunal hearing.

    ", + "

    Tribunal panel

    ", + "

    The tribunal is made up of:

    ", + "
  • a judge
    • ", + "
  • a medical member
    • ", + "
  • a service member
    • ", + "

    What happens at the hearing

    ", + "

    The judge, tribunal members, Veterans UK and your representative (if you have one) will ask you questions about your case.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will then question any witnesses you\u2019ve brought to the hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision from the tribunal on the day of the hearing.

    ", + "

    Expenses

    ", + "

    You might be able to claim expenses or compensation for:

    ", + "
  • travel (only in the UK)
    • ", + "
  • living expenses for the time you\u2019re away from home
    • ", + "
  • loss of earnings
    • ", + "

    More information

    ", + "

    You can find out more about expenses or contact the tribunal for more information.

    ", + "

    If you lose your appeal

    ", + "

    You can ask the tribunal for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you lose your appeal.

    ", + "

    You must ask for permission to appeal within 6 weeks of getting the decision.

    ", + "

    The Upper Tribunal will look at the case to see if the original decision was correct.

    ", + "

    Reasons for appealing

    ", + "

    You can only appeal if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, including if the tribunal did not:

    ", + "
  • follow the right procedures - for example it did not tell you in time about the hearing
    • ", + "
  • give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts
    • ", + "
  • apply the law properly
    • ", + "

    Before appealing, ask the original tribunal for the written statement of reasons for its decision.

    ", + "

    Contact the Upper Tribunal

    ", + "

    Legislation

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make decisions based on:

    ", + "
  • the Pensions Appeal Tribunals Act 1943
    • ", + "
  • The Naval, Military and Air Forces Etc. (Disablement and Death) Service Pensions Order 2006
    • ", + "
  • the Armed Forces and Reserve Forces (Compensation Scheme) Order 2011
    • ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process set out in the:

    ", + "
  • the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber) Rules 2008
    • ", + "
  • the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/contact-jobcentre-plus": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contact-jobcentre-plus", + "title": "Contact Jobcentre Plus", + "content": "## How to contact Jobcentre Plus\n\nYou can contact Jobcentre Plus about:\n\n- new benefit claims\n\n- existing benefit claims\n\n- changing or cancelling an appointment\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Contact your nearest Jobcentre Plus\n\nIf you want to contact your nearest office, you can find their details using the local office search.\n\nYou can write to your nearest office by using their address from the local office search. Their address will also be on any letters you\u2019ve been sent.\n\n## If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland\n\nFor Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) and Income Support, contact your Jobs and Benefits office. For Employment and Support Allowance (ESA), contact the ESA Centre.\n\n## Complain about Jobcentre Plus\n\nYou can complain about the service you\u2019ve received from Jobcentre Plus.\n\n## Find a job\n\nUse the \u2018Find a job\u2019 service (previously Universal Jobmatch).\n\n## Get a National Insurance number\n\nApply for a National Insurance number or find your National Insurance number if you\u2019ve lost it.\n\n## New benefit claims\n\nCall Jobcentre Plus to claim \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA).\n\nThere are different contact details for:\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance\n\nYou can also claim Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance online.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall Jobcentre Plus to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to find out what benefits you could get.\n\n## Existing benefit claims\n\nCall the appropriate number for your benefit to:\n\n- discuss a claim you\u2019ve made\n\n- tell the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) about a change in your circumstances, for example if you start working or your income changes\n\nYou\u2019ll need your National Insurance number when you call any of these numbers.\n\n## Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA), Income Support, Incapacity Benefit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n## If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland\n\nFor JSA and Income Support, contact your Jobs and Benefits office. For ESA, contact the ESA Centre.\n\n## Universal Credit\n\nYou can contact Jobcentre Plus by signing in to your online account - you\u2019ll get a reply Monday to Friday, 8am to 6pm.\n\n## Social Fund\n\n## Maternity Allowance\n\n## Bereavement benefits\n\n## Change or cancel an appointment\n\n## Universal Credit appointments\n\nYou can change or cancel a Universal Credit appointment by\u00a0signing in to your Universal Credit account.\n\n## Other appointments", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How to contact Jobcentre Plus

    ", + "

    You can contact Jobcentre Plus about:

    ", + "
  • new benefit claims
    • ", + "
  • existing benefit claims
    • ", + "
  • changing or cancelling an appointment
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Contact your nearest Jobcentre Plus

    ", + "

    If you want to contact your nearest office, you can find their details using the local office search.

    ", + "

    You can write to your nearest office by using their address from the local office search. Their address will also be on any letters you\u2019ve been sent.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    For Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) and Income Support, contact your Jobs and Benefits office. For Employment and Support Allowance (ESA), contact the ESA Centre.

    ", + "

    Complain about Jobcentre Plus

    ", + "

    You can complain about the service you\u2019ve received from Jobcentre Plus.

    ", + "

    Find a job

    ", + "

    Use the \u2018Find a job\u2019 service (previously Universal Jobmatch).

    ", + "

    Get a National Insurance number

    ", + "

    Apply for a National Insurance number or find your National Insurance number if you\u2019ve lost it.

    ", + "

    New benefit claims

    ", + "

    Call Jobcentre Plus to claim \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA).

    ", + "

    There are different contact details for:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "

    You can also claim Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance online.

    ", + "

    Alternative formats

    ", + "

    Call Jobcentre Plus to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.

    ", + "

    Use a benefits calculator to find out what benefits you could get.

    ", + "

    Existing benefit claims

    ", + "

    Call the appropriate number for your benefit to:

    ", + "
  • discuss a claim you\u2019ve made
    • ", + "
  • tell the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) about a change in your circumstances, for example if you start working or your income changes
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your National Insurance number when you call any of these numbers.

    ", + "

    Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA), Income Support, Incapacity Benefit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    For JSA and Income Support, contact your Jobs and Benefits office. For ESA, contact the ESA Centre.

    ", + "

    Universal Credit

    ", + "

    You can contact Jobcentre Plus by signing in to your online account - you\u2019ll get a reply Monday to Friday, 8am to 6pm.

    ", + "

    Social Fund

    ", + "

    Maternity Allowance

    ", + "

    Bereavement benefits

    ", + "

    Change or cancel an appointment

    ", + "

    Universal Credit appointments

    ", + "

    You can change or cancel a Universal Credit appointment by\u00a0signing in to your Universal Credit account.

    ", + "

    Other appointments

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/report-problem-criminal-record-certificate": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-problem-criminal-record-certificate", + "title": "Report a problem about a criminal record check or barring decision", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) if they:\n\n- make a decision to add you to the list of people barred from certain roles\n\n- have previously added you to the list of people barred from certain roles and you want them to review the decision\n\nYou can raise a dispute with DBS if they make a mistake on a DBS check.\n\nThe mistake or decision can be changed if the appeal or dispute is successful.\n\nAn employer or licensing authority can also appeal a DBS check if they\u2019ve talked to the applicant first.\n\n## Dispute a mistake on your DBS certificate\n\nYou can raise a dispute for a standard or enhanced check if you believe there\u2019s been a mistake in either:\n\n- the records provided, like wrong or irrelevant information on convictions\n\n- personal information, like your name\n\nThere is a different process for disputing information on a basic check certificate.\n\nThe police may ask for fingerprints to prove your identity if there\u2019s a mistake in the records.\n\n## How to raise a dispute\n\nReport the mistake within 3 months of the date on the certificate.\n\n## For mistakes in records\n\nFill in the certificate dispute form.\n\n## For mistakes in personal information\n\nFill in Section A of the certificate dispute form, or call the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) customer services team.\n\n## Dispute a DBS update service certificate change\n\nCall customer services if you subscribe to the DBS update service and want to dispute the status of a certificate. They\u2019ll send out the forms you need to raise a dispute.\n\nSend the form to:\n\n## Independent Monitor review\n\nDBS will work with the police to make a decision about your dispute. If the police do not agree there\u2019s a mistake, the dispute will be referred to the Independent Monitor only if the objection is that information is:\n\n- not relevant to the position applied for\n\n- should not be included in the certificate\n\nThe enhanced certificate will be corrected if the Independent Monitor agrees with your dispute.\n\nYou must raise a dispute with DBS before a referral to the Independent Monitor is made.\n\n## Appeal against a new barring decision\n\nYou can appeal to a tribunal to reverse a barring list decision. The tribunal may remove someone from the barred list if it agrees, or refer you back to DBS for a further decision.\n\nYou can appeal if:\n\n- you were automatically added following a relevant caution or conviction\n\n- you believe DBS has made a legal mistake\n\n- DBS barred you based on information that was wrong\n\nIt\u2019s up to the tribunal whether they hear your appeal.\n\nContact the Upper Tribunal to appeal against a new barring decision in England or Wales.\n\nContact the Care Tribunal to appeal against a new barring decision in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Appeal against an existing barring decision\n\nYou can ask the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) to review a barring decision if:\n\n- you were automatically added to the barred list following a relevant caution or conviction\n\n- you believe DBS has made a legal mistake\n\n- DBS barred you based on information that was wrong\n\nYou can also ask for a review if your circumstances change after the minimum barred period.\n\nThe minimum barred period is:\n\n| Age | Minimum barred period |\n\n| Under 18 | 1 year |\n\n| 18 to 24 | 5 years |\n\n| 25 or over | 10 years |\n\nYou can use the following evidence to prove that your circumstances have changed:\n\n- medical reports\n\n- a successful appeal against a conviction\n\n- a specialist assessment\n\nContact DBS to ask for a review. It\u2019s up to them whether they choose to review.\n\n## Appeal against the outcome of a DBS review\n\nYou can appeal to a tribunal if you asked DBS to review a barring list decision, and they either:\n\n- refused to conduct a review\n\n- decided to keep you on the barred list after a review\n\nThe tribunal may remove a person from the barred list if it agrees with the appeal. It\u2019s up to the tribunal whether they hear the appeal.\n\nContact the Upper Tribunal to appeal against a DBS barred list review in England or Wales.\n\nContact the Care Tribunal to appeal against a DBS barred list review in Northern Ireland.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) if they:

    ", + "
  • make a decision to add you to the list of people barred from certain roles
    • ", + "
  • have previously added you to the list of people barred from certain roles and you want them to review the decision
    • ", + "

    You can raise a dispute with DBS if they make a mistake on a DBS check.

    ", + "

    The mistake or decision can be changed if the appeal or dispute is successful.

    ", + "

    An employer or licensing authority can also appeal a DBS check if they\u2019ve talked to the applicant first.

    ", + "

    Dispute a mistake on your DBS certificate

    ", + "

    You can raise a dispute for a standard or enhanced check if you believe there\u2019s been a mistake in either:

    ", + "
  • the records provided, like wrong or irrelevant information on convictions
    • ", + "
  • personal information, like your name
    • ", + "

    There is a different process for disputing information on a basic check certificate.

    ", + "

    The police may ask for fingerprints to prove your identity if there\u2019s a mistake in the records.

    ", + "

    How to raise a dispute

    ", + "

    Report the mistake within 3 months of the date on the certificate.

    ", + "

    For mistakes in records

    ", + "

    Fill in the certificate dispute form.

    ", + "

    For mistakes in personal information

    ", + "

    Fill in Section A of the certificate dispute form, or call the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) customer services team.

    ", + "

    Dispute a DBS update service certificate change

    ", + "

    Call customer services if you subscribe to the DBS update service and want to dispute the status of a certificate. They\u2019ll send out the forms you need to raise a dispute.

    ", + "

    Send the form to:

    ", + "

    Independent Monitor review

    ", + "

    DBS will work with the police to make a decision about your dispute. If the police do not agree there\u2019s a mistake, the dispute will be referred to the Independent Monitor only if the objection is that information is:

    ", + "
  • not relevant to the position applied for
    • ", + "
  • should not be included in the certificate
    • ", + "

    The enhanced certificate will be corrected if the Independent Monitor agrees with your dispute.

    ", + "

    You must raise a dispute with DBS before a referral to the Independent Monitor is made.

    ", + "

    Appeal against a new barring decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal to a tribunal to reverse a barring list decision. The tribunal may remove someone from the barred list if it agrees, or refer you back to DBS for a further decision.

    ", + "

    You can appeal if:

    ", + "
  • you were automatically added following a relevant caution or conviction
    • ", + "
  • you believe DBS has made a legal mistake
    • ", + "
  • DBS barred you based on information that was wrong
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s up to the tribunal whether they hear your appeal.

    ", + "

    Contact the Upper Tribunal to appeal against a new barring decision in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Contact the Care Tribunal to appeal against a new barring decision in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Appeal against an existing barring decision

    ", + "

    You can ask the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) to review a barring decision if:

    ", + "
  • you were automatically added to the barred list following a relevant caution or conviction
    • ", + "
  • you believe DBS has made a legal mistake
    • ", + "
  • DBS barred you based on information that was wrong
    • ", + "

    You can also ask for a review if your circumstances change after the minimum barred period.

    ", + "

    The minimum barred period is:

    ", + "Age | Minimum barred period", + "Under 18 | 1 year", + "18 to 24 | 5 years", + "25 or over | 10 years", + "

    You can use the following evidence to prove that your circumstances have changed:

    ", + "
  • medical reports
    • ", + "
  • a successful appeal against a conviction
    • ", + "
  • a specialist assessment
    • ", + "

    Contact DBS to ask for a review. It\u2019s up to them whether they choose to review.

    ", + "

    Appeal against the outcome of a DBS review

    ", + "

    You can appeal to a tribunal if you asked DBS to review a barring list decision, and they either:

    ", + "
  • refused to conduct a review
    • ", + "
  • decided to keep you on the barred list after a review
    • ", + "

    The tribunal may remove a person from the barred list if it agrees with the appeal. It\u2019s up to the tribunal whether they hear the appeal.

    ", + "

    Contact the Upper Tribunal to appeal against a DBS barred list review in England or Wales.

    ", + "

    Contact the Care Tribunal to appeal against a DBS barred list review in Northern Ireland.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/disciplinary-procedures-and-action-at-work": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disciplinary-procedures-and-action-at-work", + "title": "Disciplinary procedures and action against you at work", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour employer could start formal disciplinary action against you if they have concerns about your work, conduct or absence.\n\nBefore taking formal disciplinary action or dismissing you, your employer may try to raise the matter informally with you. However, they can go straight to their formal disciplinary or dismissal procedures.\n\nDisciplinary procedures are a set way for an employer to deal with disciplinary issues. They should include a disciplinary hearing where you\u2019re given a chance to explain your side of the story.\n\nThere should also be a chance to appeal any disciplinary action your employer decides to take.\n\n## How disciplinary procedures work\n\nYour employer should put their disciplinary procedure in writing, and make it easily available to all staff.\n\nIt should say what performance and behaviour might lead to disciplinary action and what action your employer might take.\n\nIt should also include the name of someone you can speak to if you do not agree with your employer\u2019s disciplinary decision.\n\n## Disciplinary steps\n\nYour employer\u2019s disciplinary procedure should include the following steps:\n\n- A letter setting out the issue.\n\n- A meeting to discuss the issue.\n\n- A disciplinary decision.\n\n- A chance to appeal this decision.\n\n## Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) Code of Practice\n\nYour employer\u2019s disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.\n\nYour employer does not have to follow the Acas code. However, if they do not and you win an employment tribunal against them, you could get a larger payout.\n\nThere\u2019s more guidance about how employers should run disciplinaries in the Acas guide on discipline and grievances at work.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures and employment contracts\n\nYour employer can also put their disciplinary procedures in your employment contract.\n\nIf your employer does this and then does not follow these procedures you could sue them for breach of contract.\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nNorthern Ireland has different ways of solving workplace disputes.\n\n## Disciplinary hearings\n\nYour employer should not take any disciplinary action before meeting with you first and discussing the problem.\n\nThis disciplinary meeting (normally called a \u2018hearing\u2019) should be at a reasonable time and place.\n\nAt the hearing your employer should:\n\n- explain the complaint against you\n\n- go through the evidence\n\n- give you a chance to tell your side of the story\n\nIf you raise a significant new fact or issue at the hearing your employer might stop it and look into the issue. They should then rearrange the hearing at a later date.\n\n## Taking someone with you to a disciplinary hearing\n\nYou have the right to take someone with you to a disciplinary hearing, but you must tell your employer about this first.\n\nYour companion can be either:\n\n- a colleague\n\n- a trade union representative\n\n- a trade union official\n\nIf a colleague cannot go with you and you\u2019re not in the union you can ask to bring a family member or a Citizens Advice worker. However, your employer does not have to agree to this unless your employment contract says they must.\n\nThe companion can:\n\n- present and/or sum up your case and say things to support your case\n\n- speak to you during the hearing\n\nYour companion cannot answer questions on your behalf.\n\nYour companion cannot be disciplined for supporting you.\n\n## Disciplinary action\n\nAfter the hearing your employer should write to you as soon as possible, saying what action they\u2019re going to take, and telling you about your right to appeal.\n\nThe decision might be:\n\n- no action\n\n- written warning\n\n- final warning\n\n- demotion\n\n- dismissal\n\nIt might also be anything else that could resolve the problem, for example an agreement to mediate with a co-worker you\u2019ve had personal problems with.\n\n## Disciplinary appeals\n\nIf you think disciplinary action taken against you is unfair you can appeal.\n\nWrite to your employer saying you\u2019re appealing and why.\n\n## Appeal hearings\n\nYou should be offered another meeting to discuss your appeal. This appeal hearing should be held as soon as possible.\n\nIf possible it should be dealt with by someone who has not already been involved with your disciplinary action.\n\nAn appeal hearing will be similar to your original disciplinary meeting and you\u2019ll have the right to bring a companion.\n\n## Final decision\n\nAfter the appeal meeting your employer should write to you with their final decision.\n\n## Suspension from work\n\nWhen a disciplinary issue is being looked into you might be suspended from work. This does not happen very often. If it does it should normally be with pay and you should be told why you\u2019re being suspended.\n\n## Employment contracts\n\nYou can be suspended without pay if your employment contract says your employer can do this, but they must be acting reasonably.\n\nIf your employment contract does not say your employer can do this, your employer may still be able to suspend you, but with pay. To show that it\u2019s not a punishment the suspension will normally be on full pay.\n\n## Employment rights when suspended\n\nYou keep your employment rights while suspended. If you do not get the right pay you may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal for \u2018unlawful deduction from wages\u2019.\n\n## Talking to other employees, customers and/or suppliers\n\nIf you\u2019re suspended, you might be told not to talk to other employees, customers and/or suppliers. If this means you cannot defend yourself properly at a disciplinary hearing, you could make an appeal.\n\nBut if you\u2019ve been asked not to talk and you do, your employer might decide to take further disciplinary action against you.\n\n## Help and advice with disciplinary issues\n\nThere are several organisations that could give you advice about disciplinary issues.\n\n## Acas\n\nAcas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) offers free, confidential and impartial advice about all employment rights issues.\n\n## Citizens Advice\n\nYour local Citizens Advice can also give free and impartial advice.\n\n## Trade unions\n\nIf you\u2019re a member of a trade union you can get help and advice from them.\n\n## Equality Advisory Support Service\n\nContact the Equality Advisory Support Service for advice about discrimination, equality and human rights.\n\nYou can also find more information on the Equality Advisory Support Service website.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your employer could start formal disciplinary action against you if they have concerns about your work, conduct or absence.

    ", + "

    Before taking formal disciplinary action or dismissing you, your employer may try to raise the matter informally with you. However, they can go straight to their formal disciplinary or dismissal procedures.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary procedures are a set way for an employer to deal with disciplinary issues. They should include a disciplinary hearing where you\u2019re given a chance to explain your side of the story.

    ", + "

    There should also be a chance to appeal any disciplinary action your employer decides to take.

    ", + "

    How disciplinary procedures work

    ", + "

    Your employer should put their disciplinary procedure in writing, and make it easily available to all staff.

    ", + "

    It should say what performance and behaviour might lead to disciplinary action and what action your employer might take.

    ", + "

    It should also include the name of someone you can speak to if you do not agree with your employer\u2019s disciplinary decision.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary steps

    ", + "

    Your employer\u2019s disciplinary procedure should include the following steps:

    ", + "
  • A letter setting out the issue.
    • ", + "
  • A meeting to discuss the issue.
    • ", + "
  • A disciplinary decision.
    • ", + "
  • A chance to appeal this decision.
    • ", + "

    Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) Code of Practice

    ", + "

    Your employer\u2019s disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.

    ", + "

    Your employer does not have to follow the Acas code. However, if they do not and you win an employment tribunal against them, you could get a larger payout.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more guidance about how employers should run disciplinaries in the Acas guide on discipline and grievances at work.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary procedures and employment contracts

    ", + "

    Your employer can also put their disciplinary procedures in your employment contract.

    ", + "

    If your employer does this and then does not follow these procedures you could sue them for breach of contract.

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland

    ", + "

    Northern Ireland has different ways of solving workplace disputes.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary hearings

    ", + "

    Your employer should not take any disciplinary action before meeting with you first and discussing the problem.

    ", + "

    This disciplinary meeting (normally called a \u2018hearing\u2019) should be at a reasonable time and place.

    ", + "

    At the hearing your employer should:

    ", + "
  • explain the complaint against you
    • ", + "
  • go through the evidence
    • ", + "
  • give you a chance to tell your side of the story
    • ", + "

    If you raise a significant new fact or issue at the hearing your employer might stop it and look into the issue. They should then rearrange the hearing at a later date.

    ", + "

    Taking someone with you to a disciplinary hearing

    ", + "

    You have the right to take someone with you to a disciplinary hearing, but you must tell your employer about this first.

    ", + "

    Your companion can be either:

    ", + "
  • a colleague
    • ", + "
  • a trade union representative
    • ", + "
  • a trade union official
    • ", + "

    If a colleague cannot go with you and you\u2019re not in the union you can ask to bring a family member or a Citizens Advice worker. However, your employer does not have to agree to this unless your employment contract says they must.

    ", + "

    The companion can:

    ", + "
  • present and/or sum up your case and say things to support your case
    • ", + "
  • speak to you during the hearing
    • ", + "

    Your companion cannot answer questions on your behalf.

    ", + "

    Your companion cannot be disciplined for supporting you.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary action

    ", + "

    After the hearing your employer should write to you as soon as possible, saying what action they\u2019re going to take, and telling you about your right to appeal.

    ", + "

    The decision might be:

    ", + "
  • no action
    • ", + "
  • written warning
    • ", + "
  • final warning
    • ", + "
  • demotion
    • ", + "
  • dismissal
    • ", + "

    It might also be anything else that could resolve the problem, for example an agreement to mediate with a co-worker you\u2019ve had personal problems with.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary appeals

    ", + "

    If you think disciplinary action taken against you is unfair you can appeal.

    ", + "

    Write to your employer saying you\u2019re appealing and why.

    ", + "

    Appeal hearings

    ", + "

    You should be offered another meeting to discuss your appeal. This appeal hearing should be held as soon as possible.

    ", + "

    If possible it should be dealt with by someone who has not already been involved with your disciplinary action.

    ", + "

    An appeal hearing will be similar to your original disciplinary meeting and you\u2019ll have the right to bring a companion.

    ", + "

    Final decision

    ", + "

    After the appeal meeting your employer should write to you with their final decision.

    ", + "

    Suspension from work

    ", + "

    When a disciplinary issue is being looked into you might be suspended from work. This does not happen very often. If it does it should normally be with pay and you should be told why you\u2019re being suspended.

    ", + "

    Employment contracts

    ", + "

    You can be suspended without pay if your employment contract says your employer can do this, but they must be acting reasonably.

    ", + "

    If your employment contract does not say your employer can do this, your employer may still be able to suspend you, but with pay. To show that it\u2019s not a punishment the suspension will normally be on full pay.

    ", + "

    Employment rights when suspended

    ", + "

    You keep your employment rights while suspended. If you do not get the right pay you may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal for \u2018unlawful deduction from wages\u2019.

    ", + "

    Talking to other employees, customers and/or suppliers

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re suspended, you might be told not to talk to other employees, customers and/or suppliers. If this means you cannot defend yourself properly at a disciplinary hearing, you could make an appeal.

    ", + "

    But if you\u2019ve been asked not to talk and you do, your employer might decide to take further disciplinary action against you.

    ", + "

    Help and advice with disciplinary issues

    ", + "

    There are several organisations that could give you advice about disciplinary issues.

    ", + "

    Acas

    ", + "

    Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) offers free, confidential and impartial advice about all employment rights issues.

    ", + "

    Citizens Advice

    ", + "

    Your local Citizens Advice can also give free and impartial advice.

    ", + "

    Trade unions

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a member of a trade union you can get help and advice from them.

    ", + "

    Equality Advisory Support Service

    ", + "

    Contact the Equality Advisory Support Service for advice about discrimination, equality and human rights.

    ", + "

    You can also find more information on the Equality Advisory Support Service website.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal", + "title": "Dismissal: your rights", + "content": "## Overview\n\nDismissal is when your employer ends your employment - they do not always have to give you notice.\n\nIf you\u2019re dismissed, your employer must show they\u2019ve:\n\n- a valid reason that they can justify\n\n- acted reasonably in the circumstances\n\nThey must also:\n\n- be consistent - for example, not dismiss you for doing something that they let other employees do\n\n- have investigated the situation fully before dismissing you - for example, if a complaint was made about you\n\nIf you\u2019re a part-time or fixed-term worker, you cannot be treated less favourably than a full-time or permanent employee.\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost your job because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might be able to re-employ you and pay 80% your wages.\n\n## Notice period\n\nYou must be given at least the notice stated in your contract or the statutory minimum notice period, whichever is longer.\n\nThere are some situations where you can be dismissed immediately - for example, for violence.\n\n## Getting your dismissal in writing\n\nYou have the right to ask for a written statement from your employer giving the reasons why you\u2019ve been dismissed if you\u2019re an employee and have completed 2 years\u2019 service (1 year if you started before 6 April 2012).\n\nYour employer must supply the statement within 14 days of you asking for it.\n\nYour employer must give you a written statement if you\u2019re dismissed while you are on Statutory Maternity Leave. You get this:\n\n- even if you\u2019ve not asked for one\n\n- regardless of how long you\u2019ve worked for your employer\n\nSpeak to your employer or check your employment status if you\u2019re unsure of your employment status.\n\n## Reasons you can be dismissed\n\nThere are some situations when your employer can dismiss you fairly.\n\n## Not being able to do your job properly\n\nYou may not be able to do your job properly if, for example, you:\n\n- have not been able to keep up with important changes to your job - for example, a new computer system\n\n- cannot get along with your colleagues\n\nBefore taking any action, your employer should:\n\n- follow disciplinary procedures - for example, warn you that your work is not satisfactory\n\n- give you a chance to improve - for example, by training you\n\n## Illness\n\nYou can be dismissed if you have a persistent or long-term illness that makes it impossible for you to do your job.\n\nBefore taking any action, your employer should:\n\n- look for ways to support you - for example, considering whether the job itself is making you sick and needs changing\n\n- give you reasonable time to recover from your illness\n\nIf you have a disability (which may include long-term illness), your employer has a legal duty to support disability in the workplace.\n\nDismissal because of a disability may be unlawful discrimination.\n\n## Redundancy\n\nRedundancy is a form of dismissal and is fair in most cases.\n\nIf the reason you are selected for redundancy is unfair then you will have been unfairly dismissed.\n\n## Summary dismissal\n\nYou can be dismissed for \u2018gross misconduct\u2019 without your employer going through the normal disciplinary procedures. This can happen if, for example, you\u2019re violent towards a colleague, customer or property.\n\nYour employer should always investigate the circumstances before making a dismissal, even in possible gross misconduct cases.\n\n## A \u2018statutory restriction\u2019\n\nYou can be dismissed if continuing to employ you would break the law - for example, if you\u2019re a driver in a lorry firm and you lose your driving licence.\n\n## It\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you\n\nIf it\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you, it\u2019s likely to be fair. For example, if a factory burns down and it\u2019s no longer possible to employ anyone.\n\n## A \u2018substantial reason\u2019\n\nYou may be dismissed fairly if, for example:\n\n- you unreasonably refuse to accept a company reorganisation that changes your employment terms\n\n- you\u2019re sent to prison\n\n## Unfair and constructive dismissal\n\nIn certain situations, you may be able to take legal action if you\u2019re dismissed.\n\n## Unfair dismissal\n\nYour dismissal could be unfair if your employer does not:\n\n- have a good reason for dismissing you\n\n- follow the company\u2019s formal disciplinary or dismissal process (or the statutory minimum dismissal procedure in Northern Ireland)\n\nSituations when your dismissal is likely to be unfair include if you:\n\n- asked for flexible working\n\n- refused to give up your working time rights - for example, to take rest breaks\n\n- resigned and gave the correct notice period\n\n- joined a trade union\n\n- took part in legal industrial action that lasted 12 weeks or less\n\n- needed time off for jury service\n\n- applied for maternity, paternity and adoption leave\n\n- were on any maternity, paternity and adoption leave you\u2019re entitled to\n\n- tried to enforce your right to receive Working Tax Credits\n\n- exposed wrongdoing in the workplace (whistleblowing)\n\n- were forced to retire (known as \u2018compulsory retirement\u2019)\n\nCompulsory retirement is not allowed unless your employer can objectively justify it, but you can challenge it at an employment tribunal.\n\n## Constructive dismissal\n\nConstructive dismissal is when you\u2019re forced to leave your job against your will because of your employer\u2019s conduct.\n\nThe reasons you leave your job must be serious, for example, they:\n\n- do not pay you or suddenly demote you for no reason\n\n- force you to accept unreasonable changes to how you work - for example, tell you to work night shifts when your contract is only for day work\n\n- let other employees harass or bully you\n\nYour employer\u2019s breach of contract may be one serious incident or a series of incidents that are serious when taken together.\n\nYou should try and sort any issues out by speaking to your employer to solve the dispute.\n\nIf you do have a case for constructive dismissal, you should leave your job immediately - your employer may argue that, by staying, you accepted the conduct or treatment.\n\n## What to do if you're dismissed\n\nIf you\u2019re threatened with dismissal (or are dismissed) you can get help from a third party to solve the issue by mediation, conciliation and arbitration.\n\nYou can also speak to your union representative if you\u2019re a member of a trade union.\n\n## Employment tribunals\n\nIf you\u2019ve been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you can normally go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you can go to an industrial tribunal.\n\n## Qualifying period to claim unfair dismissal\n\nYou must have worked for your employer for a minimum period before you qualify for the right to claim unfair dismissal at a tribunal. If you\u2019re classed as an employee and started your job:\n\n- on or after 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 2 years\n\n- before 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 1 year\n\nIn Northern Ireland, the qualifying period is still normally 1 year.\n\nThere is no qualifying period if you\u2019ve been dismissed from 25 June 2013 because of your political opinions or affiliation. You\u2019ll automatically have the right to go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn unfair dismissal claims you must make the claim to a tribunal within 3 months of being dismissed.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Dismissal is when your employer ends your employment - they do not always have to give you notice.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re dismissed, your employer must show they\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • a valid reason that they can justify
    • ", + "
  • acted reasonably in the circumstances
    • ", + "

    They must also:

    ", + "
  • be consistent - for example, not dismiss you for doing something that they let other employees do
    • ", + "
  • have investigated the situation fully before dismissing you - for example, if a complaint was made about you
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a part-time or fixed-term worker, you cannot be treated less favourably than a full-time or permanent employee.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lost your job because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might be able to re-employ you and pay 80% your wages.

    ", + "

    Notice period

    ", + "

    You must be given at least the notice stated in your contract or the statutory minimum notice period, whichever is longer.

    ", + "

    There are some situations where you can be dismissed immediately - for example, for violence.

    ", + "

    Getting your dismissal in writing

    ", + "

    You have the right to ask for a written statement from your employer giving the reasons why you\u2019ve been dismissed if you\u2019re an employee and have completed 2 years\u2019 service (1 year if you started before 6 April 2012).

    ", + "

    Your employer must supply the statement within 14 days of you asking for it.

    ", + "

    Your employer must give you a written statement if you\u2019re dismissed while you are on Statutory Maternity Leave. You get this:

    ", + "
  • even if you\u2019ve not asked for one
    • ", + "
  • regardless of how long you\u2019ve worked for your employer
    • ", + "

    Speak to your employer or check your employment status if you\u2019re unsure of your employment status.

    ", + "

    Reasons you can be dismissed

    ", + "

    There are some situations when your employer can dismiss you fairly.

    ", + "

    Not being able to do your job properly

    ", + "

    You may not be able to do your job properly if, for example, you:

    ", + "
  • have not been able to keep up with important changes to your job - for example, a new computer system
    • ", + "
  • cannot get along with your colleagues
    • ", + "

    Before taking any action, your employer should:

    ", + "
  • follow disciplinary procedures - for example, warn you that your work is not satisfactory
    • ", + "
  • give you a chance to improve - for example, by training you
    • ", + "

    Illness

    ", + "

    You can be dismissed if you have a persistent or long-term illness that makes it impossible for you to do your job.

    ", + "

    Before taking any action, your employer should:

    ", + "
  • look for ways to support you - for example, considering whether the job itself is making you sick and needs changing
    • ", + "
  • give you reasonable time to recover from your illness
    • ", + "

    If you have a disability (which may include long-term illness), your employer has a legal duty to support disability in the workplace.

    ", + "

    Dismissal because of a disability may be unlawful discrimination.

    ", + "

    Redundancy

    ", + "

    Redundancy is a form of dismissal and is fair in most cases.

    ", + "

    If the reason you are selected for redundancy is unfair then you will have been unfairly dismissed.

    ", + "

    Summary dismissal

    ", + "

    You can be dismissed for \u2018gross misconduct\u2019 without your employer going through the normal disciplinary procedures. This can happen if, for example, you\u2019re violent towards a colleague, customer or property.

    ", + "

    Your employer should always investigate the circumstances before making a dismissal, even in possible gross misconduct cases.

    ", + "

    A \u2018statutory restriction\u2019

    ", + "

    You can be dismissed if continuing to employ you would break the law - for example, if you\u2019re a driver in a lorry firm and you lose your driving licence.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you, it\u2019s likely to be fair. For example, if a factory burns down and it\u2019s no longer possible to employ anyone.

    ", + "

    A \u2018substantial reason\u2019

    ", + "

    You may be dismissed fairly if, for example:

    ", + "
  • you unreasonably refuse to accept a company reorganisation that changes your employment terms
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re sent to prison
    • ", + "

    Unfair and constructive dismissal

    ", + "

    In certain situations, you may be able to take legal action if you\u2019re dismissed.

    ", + "

    Unfair dismissal

    ", + "

    Your dismissal could be unfair if your employer does not:

    ", + "
  • have a good reason for dismissing you
    • ", + "
  • follow the company\u2019s formal disciplinary or dismissal process (or the statutory minimum dismissal procedure in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    Situations when your dismissal is likely to be unfair include if you:

    ", + "
  • asked for flexible working
    • ", + "
  • refused to give up your working time rights - for example, to take rest breaks
    • ", + "
  • resigned and gave the correct notice period
    • ", + "
  • joined a trade union
    • ", + "
  • took part in legal industrial action that lasted 12 weeks or less
    • ", + "
  • needed time off for jury service
    • ", + "
  • applied for maternity, paternity and adoption leave
    • ", + "
  • were on any maternity, paternity and adoption leave you\u2019re entitled to
    • ", + "
  • tried to enforce your right to receive Working Tax Credits
    • ", + "
  • exposed wrongdoing in the workplace (whistleblowing)
    • ", + "
  • were forced to retire (known as \u2018compulsory retirement\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Compulsory retirement is not allowed unless your employer can objectively justify it, but you can challenge it at an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    Constructive dismissal

    ", + "

    Constructive dismissal is when you\u2019re forced to leave your job against your will because of your employer\u2019s conduct.

    ", + "

    The reasons you leave your job must be serious, for example, they:

    ", + "
  • do not pay you or suddenly demote you for no reason
    • ", + "
  • force you to accept unreasonable changes to how you work - for example, tell you to work night shifts when your contract is only for day work
    • ", + "
  • let other employees harass or bully you
    • ", + "

    Your employer\u2019s breach of contract may be one serious incident or a series of incidents that are serious when taken together.

    ", + "

    You should try and sort any issues out by speaking to your employer to solve the dispute.

    ", + "

    If you do have a case for constructive dismissal, you should leave your job immediately - your employer may argue that, by staying, you accepted the conduct or treatment.

    ", + "

    What to do if you're dismissed

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re threatened with dismissal (or are dismissed) you can get help from a third party to solve the issue by mediation, conciliation and arbitration.

    ", + "

    You can also speak to your union representative if you\u2019re a member of a trade union.

    ", + "

    Employment tribunals

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you can normally go to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, you can go to an industrial tribunal.

    ", + "

    Qualifying period to claim unfair dismissal

    ", + "

    You must have worked for your employer for a minimum period before you qualify for the right to claim unfair dismissal at a tribunal. If you\u2019re classed as an employee and started your job:

    ", + "
  • on or after 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 2 years
    • ", + "
  • before 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 1 year
    • ", + "

    In Northern Ireland, the qualifying period is still normally 1 year.

    ", + "

    There is no qualifying period if you\u2019ve been dismissed from 25 June 2013 because of your political opinions or affiliation. You\u2019ll automatically have the right to go to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    In unfair dismissal claims you must make the claim to a tribunal within 3 months of being dismissed.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/handing-in-your-notice": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/handing-in-your-notice", + "title": "Handing in your notice", + "content": "## Your employment contract\n\nIf you want to leave your job, check your employment contract to find out your employer\u2019s policy on handing in notice.\n\nThere are rules about:\n\n- giving notice\n\n- how much you\u2019ll be paid during your notice period\n\n- what will happen if you leave to work for a competitor\n\n## Giving notice\n\nYou must give at least a week\u2019s notice if you\u2019ve been in your job for more than a month.\n\nYour contract will tell you whether you need to give notice in writing - otherwise you can do it verbally.\n\nGive written notice if you think you\u2019ll need to refer to it later, for example at an employment tribunal.\n\nYou may be in breach of your contract if you don\u2019t give enough notice, or give notice verbally when it should be given in writing. Your employer could take you to court.\n\nYour notice period usually runs from the start of the day after you handed your notice in.\n\n## If you change your mind\n\nIf you resign in the \u2018heat of the moment\u2019 (eg during an argument) and you change your mind, you should tell your employer immediately. They can choose to accept your resignation or not.\n\n## Get free advice from Acas\n\nCall the Acas helpline to get advice about handing in your notice and pay rights.\n\n## Payment during your notice period\n\nYou\u2019re entitled to your normal pay rate during your notice period, including when you\u2019re:\n\n- off sick\n\n- on holiday\n\n- temporarily laid off\n\n- on maternity, paternity or adoption leave\n\n- available to work, even if your employer has nothing for you to do\n\n## \u2018Payment in lieu\u2019 of notice period\n\nYour employer can ask you to leave immediately after handing in your notice.\n\nIf they do, they\u2019ll probably offer you a one-off payment instead of allowing you to work out your notice period - called \u2018payment in lieu\u2019.\n\nYou can only get payment in lieu if it\u2019s in your contract, or if you agree to it. If you don\u2019t agree to it, you can work out your notice period.\n\n## Disputes over notice pay\n\nIf you can\u2019t resolve a dispute about notice pay with your employer informally, you can follow your company\u2019s grievance procedures.\n\nIf this doesn\u2019t work, you may be able to make a complaint to an employment tribunal for breach of contract.\n\n## Gardening leave\n\nYour employer may ask you not to come into work, or to work at home or another location during your notice period. This is called \u2018gardening leave\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the same pay and contractual benefits.\n\n## Restrictive covenants\n\nThere may be terms in your contract that says you can\u2019t work for a competitor or have contact with customers for a period of time after you leave the company.\n\nThese are called \u2018restrictive covenants\u2019.\n\nYour company could take you to court if you breach the restrictive covenants in your contract.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Your employment contract

    ", + "

    If you want to leave your job, check your employment contract to find out your employer\u2019s policy on handing in notice.

    ", + "

    There are rules about:

    ", + "
  • giving notice
    • ", + "
  • how much you\u2019ll be paid during your notice period
    • ", + "
  • what will happen if you leave to work for a competitor
    • ", + "

    Giving notice

    ", + "

    You must give at least a week\u2019s notice if you\u2019ve been in your job for more than a month.

    ", + "

    Your contract will tell you whether you need to give notice in writing - otherwise you can do it verbally.

    ", + "

    Give written notice if you think you\u2019ll need to refer to it later, for example at an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    You may be in breach of your contract if you don\u2019t give enough notice, or give notice verbally when it should be given in writing. Your employer could take you to court.

    ", + "

    Your notice period usually runs from the start of the day after you handed your notice in.

    ", + "

    If you change your mind

    ", + "

    If you resign in the \u2018heat of the moment\u2019 (eg during an argument) and you change your mind, you should tell your employer immediately. They can choose to accept your resignation or not.

    ", + "

    Get free advice from Acas

    ", + "

    Call the Acas helpline to get advice about handing in your notice and pay rights.

    ", + "

    Payment during your notice period

    ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to your normal pay rate during your notice period, including when you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • off sick
    • ", + "
  • on holiday
    • ", + "
  • temporarily laid off
    • ", + "
  • on maternity, paternity or adoption leave
    • ", + "
  • available to work, even if your employer has nothing for you to do
    • ", + "

    \u2018Payment in lieu\u2019 of notice period

    ", + "

    Your employer can ask you to leave immediately after handing in your notice.

    ", + "

    If they do, they\u2019ll probably offer you a one-off payment instead of allowing you to work out your notice period - called \u2018payment in lieu\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can only get payment in lieu if it\u2019s in your contract, or if you agree to it. If you don\u2019t agree to it, you can work out your notice period.

    ", + "

    Disputes over notice pay

    ", + "

    If you can\u2019t resolve a dispute about notice pay with your employer informally, you can follow your company\u2019s grievance procedures.

    ", + "

    If this doesn\u2019t work, you may be able to make a complaint to an employment tribunal for breach of contract.

    ", + "

    Gardening leave

    ", + "

    Your employer may ask you not to come into work, or to work at home or another location during your notice period. This is called \u2018gardening leave\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the same pay and contractual benefits.

    ", + "

    Restrictive covenants

    ", + "

    There may be terms in your contract that says you can\u2019t work for a competitor or have contact with customers for a period of time after you leave the company.

    ", + "

    These are called \u2018restrictive covenants\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your company could take you to court if you breach the restrictive covenants in your contract.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/lay-offs-short-timeworking": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/lay-offs-short-timeworking", + "title": "Lay-offs and short-time working", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYour employer can ask you to stay at home or take unpaid leave if there\u2019s not enough work for you.\n\nA lay-off is if you\u2019re off work for at least 1 working day. Short-time working is when your hours are cut.\n\n## How long you can be laid off\n\nThere\u2019s no limit for how long you can be laid off or put on short-time. You could apply for redundancy and claim redundancy pay if it\u2019s been:\n\n- 4 weeks in a row\n\n- 6 weeks in a 13-week period\n\n## Lay-off pay entitlement and short-time working payments\n\nYou should get your full pay unless your contract allows unpaid or reduced pay lay-offs.\n\nIf you\u2019re unpaid, you\u2019re entitled to guarantee pay.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been told to take unpaid leave or reduced pay because of Coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might still be able to pay 80% of your wages.\n\n## Guarantee pay\n\n## Rate and length of statutory lay-off pay\n\nYou\u2019re entitled to guarantee pay during lay off or short-time working. The maximum you can get is \u00a330 a day for 5 days in any 3-month period - so a maximum of \u00a3150.\n\nIf you usually earn less than \u00a330 a day you\u2019ll get your normal daily rate.\n\nIf you work part-time, your entitlement is worked out proportionally.\n\nYou cannot claim guarantee pay for any day that you do some work.\n\n## Eligibility for statutory lay-off pay\n\nYou must:\n\n- have been employed continuously for 1 month (includes part-time workers)\n\n- reasonably make sure you\u2019re available for work\n\n- not refuse any reasonable alternative work (including work not in your contract)\n\n- not have been laid off because of industrial action\n\n## Statutory lay-off pay and your employment contract\n\nYour employer may have their own guarantee pay scheme. It cannot be less than the statutory arrangements. If you get your employer\u2019s payments, you do not get statutory lay-off pay on top of this.\n\nNot paying guarantee pay counts as an unlawful deduction from your wages - you could make a claim to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Applying for redundancy\n\nYou could apply for redundancy and claim redundancy pay if you\u2019ve been laid off without pay or put on short-time and receive less than half a week\u2019s pay for:\n\n- 4 or more weeks in a row\n\n- 6 or more weeks in a 13-week period\n\n- Write to your employer to claim redundancy within 4 weeks of the last day of the lay-off or short-time period.\n\n- Your employer has 7 days to accept your claim or give you a written counter-notice.\n\n- If your employer does not give you counter-notice, you can assume they\u2019ve accepted your redundancy claim.\n\n- A counter-notice means your employer expects work will soon be available - it must start within 4 weeks and must last at least 13 weeks.\n\nYour employer can withdraw their counter-notice in writing.\n\n## Resigning\n\nYou must resign to get redundancy pay. The timing is crucial - you have 3 weeks to hand in your notice, starting from:\n\n- 7 days after you gave written notice to your employer (if you did not get a counter-notice)\n\n- the date your employer withdrew their counter-notice\n\nYou can get help from Citizens Advice.\n\n## Extra work or claiming benefits\n\nYou can take on another job while you\u2019re laid off or on short-time (unless your contract says you must not).\n\nYou should:\n\n- get your employer\u2019s agreement\n\n- make sure you\u2019re not working for a competitor\n\n- make sure you\u2019re available for your original job once the lay-off or short-time ends\n\n## Benefits you can claim\n\nYou might be able to get Universal Credit or \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (or both) while you\u2019re laid off or on short-time.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Your employer can ask you to stay at home or take unpaid leave if there\u2019s not enough work for you.

    ", + "

    A lay-off is if you\u2019re off work for at least 1 working day. Short-time working is when your hours are cut.

    ", + "

    How long you can be laid off

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no limit for how long you can be laid off or put on short-time. You could apply for redundancy and claim redundancy pay if it\u2019s been:

    ", + "
  • 4 weeks in a row
    • ", + "
  • 6 weeks in a 13-week period
    • ", + "

    Lay-off pay entitlement and short-time working payments

    ", + "

    You should get your full pay unless your contract allows unpaid or reduced pay lay-offs.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unpaid, you\u2019re entitled to guarantee pay.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been told to take unpaid leave or reduced pay because of Coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might still be able to pay 80% of your wages.

    ", + "

    Guarantee pay

    ", + "

    Rate and length of statutory lay-off pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to guarantee pay during lay off or short-time working. The maximum you can get is \u00a330 a day for 5 days in any 3-month period - so a maximum of \u00a3150.

    ", + "

    If you usually earn less than \u00a330 a day you\u2019ll get your normal daily rate.

    ", + "

    If you work part-time, your entitlement is worked out proportionally.

    ", + "

    You cannot claim guarantee pay for any day that you do some work.

    ", + "

    Eligibility for statutory lay-off pay

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • have been employed continuously for 1 month (includes part-time workers)
    • ", + "
  • reasonably make sure you\u2019re available for work
    • ", + "
  • not refuse any reasonable alternative work (including work not in your contract)
    • ", + "
  • not have been laid off because of industrial action
    • ", + "

    Statutory lay-off pay and your employment contract

    ", + "

    Your employer may have their own guarantee pay scheme. It cannot be less than the statutory arrangements. If you get your employer\u2019s payments, you do not get statutory lay-off pay on top of this.

    ", + "

    Not paying guarantee pay counts as an unlawful deduction from your wages - you could make a claim to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    Applying for redundancy

    ", + "

    You could apply for redundancy and claim redundancy pay if you\u2019ve been laid off without pay or put on short-time and receive less than half a week\u2019s pay for:

    ", + "
  • 4 or more weeks in a row
    • ", + "
  • 6 or more weeks in a 13-week period
    • ", + "
  • Write to your employer to claim redundancy within 4 weeks of the last day of the lay-off or short-time period.
    • ", + "
  • Your employer has 7 days to accept your claim or give you a written counter-notice.
    • ", + "
  • If your employer does not give you counter-notice, you can assume they\u2019ve accepted your redundancy claim.
    • ", + "
  • A counter-notice means your employer expects work will soon be available - it must start within 4 weeks and must last at least 13 weeks.
    • ", + "

    Your employer can withdraw their counter-notice in writing.

    ", + "

    Resigning

    ", + "

    You must resign to get redundancy pay. The timing is crucial - you have 3 weeks to hand in your notice, starting from:

    ", + "
  • 7 days after you gave written notice to your employer (if you did not get a counter-notice)
    • ", + "
  • the date your employer withdrew their counter-notice
    • ", + "

    You can get help from Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    Extra work or claiming benefits

    ", + "

    You can take on another job while you\u2019re laid off or on short-time (unless your contract says you must not).

    ", + "

    You should:

    ", + "
  • get your employer\u2019s agreement
    • ", + "
  • make sure you\u2019re not working for a competitor
    • ", + "
  • make sure you\u2019re available for your original job once the lay-off or short-time ends
    • ", + "

    Benefits you can claim

    ", + "

    You might be able to get Universal Credit or \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (or both) while you\u2019re laid off or on short-time.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/raise-grievance-at-work": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/raise-grievance-at-work", + "title": "Raise a grievance at work", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re a worker and you\u2019ve tried solving a problem or concern informally by talking to your manager but you\u2019re not satisfied, you can make a formal grievance complaint in writing.\n\nYour employer should have a written grievance procedure that tells you what to do and what happens at each stage of the process. After raising the grievance you\u2019ll have a meeting to discuss the issue.\n\nYou can appeal if you do not agree with your employer\u2019s decision.\n\nRead Acas\u2019s guide to discipline and grievances at work.\n\nMediation can also help resolve a problem - this can take place at any time during the dispute.\n\n## Following the Acas code of practice\n\nYou and your employer should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures.\n\nOtherwise, if you take your claim to an employment tribunal, any compensation you might get could be adjusted by up to 25%.\n\n## Grievance procedure\n\nYour employer should put their grievance procedure in writing and share it with all staff, such as on the company intranet or in the HR manual.\n\nIt should include information about:\n\n- how to set out the details of your grievance in writing\n\n- who to send your letter to\n\n- who to write to if the normal contact person is involved in the grievance\n\n- a meeting with your employer to discuss the issue\n\n- how to appeal your employer\u2019s decision\n\n- how long each stage should take\n\n## Mediation\n\nMediation is when an independent, impartial third party discusses a problem with you and your employer (or between you and another employee) to try and find a solution. It\u2019s often used after informal discussions have not solved the issue.\n\nMediation is voluntary and confidential. The mediator cannot force you or your employer to accept a solution - both parties must agree on the way to solve the dispute.\n\nIt should not be used for problems that have to be formally investigated (such as harassment or discrimination).\n\nRead the Acas guide on mediation for more information.\n\nYou can find a mediation service in your area.\n\n## Grievance meetings\n\n## What happens at the meeting\n\nThe aim of the meeting is to establish the facts and find a way to resolve the problem.\n\nYour employer will run the meeting. They\u2019ll normally go through the grievance and give the worker the chance to comment. You can bring supporting documents if you want.\n\n## Who can attend meetings with you\n\nYou can be accompanied to grievance meetings (and any appeal meetings) by a:\n\n- colleague\n\n- trade union representative\n\nYou may also be able to bring a family member or Citizens Advice Bureau worker, depending on the HR procedure where you work.\n\n## After the meeting\n\nAfterwards the employer will write to you setting out their decision along with:\n\n- details of any action they intend to take\n\n- information about how to appeal\n\n## Appealing a grievance decision\n\nYour employer\u2019s grievance procedure will set out:\n\n- who you should submit your appeal to\n\n- the time limit within which an appeal must be made\n\n- information about any meetings that will be held\n\n- how the appeal meeting will be run\n\nYou have the right to be accompanied during any appeal meetings. If possible, a manager who has not been involved in the process should handle the appeal.\n\nAfter the appeal meeting your employer should write to you setting out their final decision.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a worker and you\u2019ve tried solving a problem or concern informally by talking to your manager but you\u2019re not satisfied, you can make a formal grievance complaint in writing.

    ", + "

    Your employer should have a written grievance procedure that tells you what to do and what happens at each stage of the process. After raising the grievance you\u2019ll have a meeting to discuss the issue.

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you do not agree with your employer\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    Read Acas\u2019s guide to discipline and grievances at work.

    ", + "

    Mediation can also help resolve a problem - this can take place at any time during the dispute.

    ", + "

    Following the Acas code of practice

    ", + "

    You and your employer should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures.

    ", + "

    Otherwise, if you take your claim to an employment tribunal, any compensation you might get could be adjusted by up to 25%.

    ", + "

    Grievance procedure

    ", + "

    Your employer should put their grievance procedure in writing and share it with all staff, such as on the company intranet or in the HR manual.

    ", + "

    It should include information about:

    ", + "
  • how to set out the details of your grievance in writing
    • ", + "
  • who to send your letter to
    • ", + "
  • who to write to if the normal contact person is involved in the grievance
    • ", + "
  • a meeting with your employer to discuss the issue
    • ", + "
  • how to appeal your employer\u2019s decision
    • ", + "
  • how long each stage should take
    • ", + "

    Mediation

    ", + "

    Mediation is when an independent, impartial third party discusses a problem with you and your employer (or between you and another employee) to try and find a solution. It\u2019s often used after informal discussions have not solved the issue.

    ", + "

    Mediation is voluntary and confidential. The mediator cannot force you or your employer to accept a solution - both parties must agree on the way to solve the dispute.

    ", + "

    It should not be used for problems that have to be formally investigated (such as harassment or discrimination).

    ", + "

    Read the Acas guide on mediation for more information.

    ", + "

    You can find a mediation service in your area.

    ", + "

    Grievance meetings

    ", + "

    What happens at the meeting

    ", + "

    The aim of the meeting is to establish the facts and find a way to resolve the problem.

    ", + "

    Your employer will run the meeting. They\u2019ll normally go through the grievance and give the worker the chance to comment. You can bring supporting documents if you want.

    ", + "

    Who can attend meetings with you

    ", + "

    You can be accompanied to grievance meetings (and any appeal meetings) by a:

    ", + "
  • colleague
    • ", + "
  • trade union representative
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to bring a family member or Citizens Advice Bureau worker, depending on the HR procedure where you work.

    ", + "

    After the meeting

    ", + "

    Afterwards the employer will write to you setting out their decision along with:

    ", + "
  • details of any action they intend to take
    • ", + "
  • information about how to appeal
    • ", + "

    Appealing a grievance decision

    ", + "

    Your employer\u2019s grievance procedure will set out:

    ", + "
  • who you should submit your appeal to
    • ", + "
  • the time limit within which an appeal must be made
    • ", + "
  • information about any meetings that will be held
    • ", + "
  • how the appeal meeting will be run
    • ", + "

    You have the right to be accompanied during any appeal meetings. If possible, a manager who has not been involved in the process should handle the appeal.

    ", + "

    After the appeal meeting your employer should write to you setting out their final decision.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/redundancy-your-rights": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/redundancy-your-rights", + "title": "Redundancy: your rights", + "content": "## Overview\n\nRedundancy is a form of dismissal from your job. It happens when employers need to reduce their workforce.\n\nIf you\u2019re being made redundant, you might be eligible for certain things, including:\n\n- redundancy pay\n\n- a notice period\n\n- a consultation with your employer\n\n- the option to move into a different job\n\n- time off to find a new job\n\nYou also have specific rights if your employer is insolvent.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been made redundant because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might be able to re-employ you and pay 80% of your wages.\n\nYou must be selected for redundancy in a fair way, for example because of your level of experience or capability to do the job.\n\nYou cannot be selected because of age, gender, or if you\u2019re disabled or pregnant. If you are, this could be classed as an unfair dismissal.\n\n## Get advice\n\nYou can get advice on redundancy from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or Citizens Advice.\n\n## Being selected for redundancy\n\nYour employer should use a fair and objective way of selecting you for redundancy.\n\nCommonly used methods are:\n\n- last in, first out (employees with the shortest length of service are selected first)\n\n- asking for volunteers (self-selection)\n\n- disciplinary records\n\n- staff appraisal markings, skills, qualifications and experience\n\nYour employer can make you redundant without having to follow a selection process if your job no longer exists, for example if:\n\n- your employer is closing down a whole operation in a company and making all the employees working in it redundant\n\n- you\u2019re the only employee in your part of the organisation\n\nYour employer may offer you a different role if one is available.\n\nIf your employer uses \u2018last in, first out\u2019, make sure it\u2019s not discrimination, for example if it means only young people are made redundant.\n\n## Reapplying for your own job\n\nYou might be asked to reapply for your own job, which could help your employer decide who to select.\n\nIf you do not apply or you\u2019re unsuccessful in your application, you\u2019ll still have a job until your employer makes you redundant.\n\n## Unfair selection\n\nYou cannot be selected for the following reasons - your redundancy would be classed as an unfair dismissal:\n\n- sex\n\n- gender reassignment\n\n- marital status\n\n- sexual orientation\n\n- race\n\n- disability\n\n- religion or belief\n\n- age\n\n- your membership or non-membership of a trade union\n\n- health and safety activities\n\n- working pattern, for example part-time or fixed-term employees\n\n- maternity leave, birth or pregnancy\n\n- paternity leave, parental or dependants leave\n\n- you\u2019re exercising your statutory rights\n\n- whistleblowing, for example making disclosures about your employer\u2019s wrongdoing\n\n- taking part in lawful industrial action lasting 12 weeks or less\n\n- taking action on health and safety grounds\n\n- doing jury service\n\n- you\u2019re the trustee of a company pension scheme\n\n## Appealing the decision\n\nYou can appeal if you feel that you\u2019ve been unfairly selected. Write to your employer explaining the reasons.\n\nYou may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal for unfair dismissal.\n\n## Voluntary redundancy\n\nIt\u2019s up to your employer whether they actually select you if you volunteer for redundancy.\n\nYour employer cannot just offer voluntary redundancy to age groups eligible for an early retirement package - this could be unlawful age discrimination.\n\nHowever, an early retirement package (for certain age groups) could be one element of a voluntary redundancy offer open to all employees.\n\n## Apprentices\n\nTalk to your manager and training provider if you\u2019re an apprentice and you\u2019re worried about being made redundant.\n\nYour training provider or the National Apprenticeship Service might be able to help you find another employer to help you complete your apprenticeship.\n\nApprenticeships are different in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Redundancy pay\n\nYou\u2019ll normally be entitled to statutory redundancy pay if you\u2019re an employee and you\u2019ve been working for your current employer for 2 years or more.\n\nYou\u2019ll get:\n\n- half a week\u2019s pay for each full year you were under 22\n\n- one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were 22 or older, but under 41\n\n- one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were 41 or older\n\nLength of service is capped at 20 years.\n\nYour weekly pay is the average you earned per week over the 12 weeks before the day you got your redundancy notice.\n\nIf you were paid less than usual because you were \u2018on furlough\u2019 because of coronavirus, your redundancy pay is based on what you would have earned normally.\n\nIf you were made redundant on or after 6 April 2021, your weekly pay is capped at \u00a3544 and the maximum statutory redundancy pay you can get is \u00a316,320. If you were made redundant before 6 April 2021, these amounts will be lower.\n\nCalculate your redundancy pay.\n\nRedundancy pay (including any severance pay) under \u00a330,000 is not taxable.\n\nYour employer will deduct tax and National Insurance contributions from any wages or holiday pay they owe you.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou\u2019re not entitled to statutory redundancy pay if:\n\n- your employer offers to keep you on\n\n- your employer offers you suitable alternative work which you refuse without good reason\n\nBeing dismissed for misconduct does not count as redundancy, so you would not get redundancy pay if this happened.\n\nYou\u2019re not entitled to statutory redundancy pay if you fall into one or more of the following categories:\n\n- former registered dock workers (covered by other arrangements) and share fishermen\n\n- crown servants, members of the armed forces or police services\n\n- apprentices who are not employees at the end of their training\n\n- a domestic servant who is a member of the employer\u2019s immediate family\n\n## Short-term and temporary lay-offs\n\nYou can claim statutory redundancy pay if you\u2019re eligible and you\u2019ve been temporarily laid off (without pay or less than half a week\u2019s pay) for either:\n\n- more than 4 weeks in a row\n\n- more than 6 non-consecutive weeks in a 13 week period\n\nWrite to your employer telling them you intend to claim statutory redundancy pay. This must be done within 4 weeks of your last non-working day in the 4 or 6 week period.\n\nIf your employer does not reject your claim within 7 days of receiving it, write to your employer again giving them your notice.\n\nYour claim could be rejected if your normal work is likely to start within 4 weeks and continue for at least 13 weeks.\n\n## Notice periods\n\nYou must be given a notice period before your employment ends.\n\nThe statutory redundancy notice periods are:\n\n- at least one week\u2019s notice if employed between one month and 2 years\n\n- one week\u2019s notice for each year if employed between 2 and 12 years\n\n- 12 weeks\u2019 notice if employed for 12 years or more\n\nCheck your contract. Your employer may give you more than the statutory minimum, but they cannot give you less.\n\n## Notice pay\n\nAs well as statutory redundancy pay, your employer should either:\n\n- pay you through your notice period\n\n- pay you in lieu of notice depending on your circumstances\n\nYour notice pay is based on the average you earned per week over the 12 weeks before your notice period starts.\n\nIf you were paid less than usual because you were \u2018on furlough\u2019 because of coronavirus, your notice pay is based on what you would have earned normally.\n\n## Payment in lieu of notice\n\nYour employment can be ended without notice if \u2018payment in lieu of notice\u2019 is included in your contract. Your employer will pay you instead of giving you a notice period.\n\nYou get all of the basic pay you would\u2019ve received during the notice period. You may get extras such as pension contributions or private health care insurance if they\u2019re in your contract.\n\nYour employer may still offer you payment in lieu of notice, even if your contract does not mention it. If you accept, you should receive full pay and any extras that are in your contract.\n\n## Consultation\n\nYou\u2019re entitled to a consultation with your employer if you\u2019re being made redundant. This involves speaking to them about:\n\n- why you\u2019re being made redundant\n\n- any alternatives to redundancy\n\nIf your employer is making up to 19 redundancies, there are no rules about how they should carry out the consultation. If they\u2019re making 20 or more redundancies at the same time, the collective redundancy rules apply.\n\nYou can make a claim to an employment tribunal if your employer does not consult properly, for example if they start late, or do not consult at all.\n\n## Collective redundancy rules\n\nIf your employer is making 20 or more employees redundant at the same time, the consultation should take place between your employer and a representative (rep).\n\nThis will either be:\n\n- a trade union rep (if you\u2019re represented by a trade union)\n\n- an elected employee rep (if you\u2019re not represented by a trade union, or if your employer does not recognise your trade union)\n\nCollective consultations must cover:\n\n- ways to avoid redundancies\n\n- the reasons for redundancies\n\n- how to keep the number of dismissals to a minimum\n\n- how to limit the effects for employees involved, for example by offering retraining\n\nYour employer must also meet certain legal requirements for collective consultations.\n\n## Length of consultation\n\nThere\u2019s no time limit for how long the period of consultation should be, but the minimum is:\n\n- 20 to 99 redundancies - the consultation must start at least 30 days before any dismissals take effect\n\n- 100 or more redundancies - the consultation must start at least 45 days before any dismissals take effect\n\n## Electing employee reps\n\nIf you\u2019re an employee affected by the proposed redundancies you can:\n\n- stand for election as an employee rep\n\n- vote for other reps\n\n## Fixed-term contract employees\n\nYour employer does not need to include you in collective consultation if you\u2019re employed under a fixed-term contract, except if they\u2019re ending your contract early because of redundancy.\n\n## Suitable alternative employment\n\nYour employer might offer you \u2018suitable alternative employment\u2019 within your organisation or an associated company.\n\nWhether a job is suitable depends on:\n\n- how similar the work is to your current job\n\n- the terms of the job being offered\n\n- your skills, abilities and circumstances in relation to the job\n\n- the pay (including benefits), status, hours and location\n\nYour redundancy could be an unfair dismissal if your employer has suitable alternative employment and they do not offer it to you.\n\n## Refusing an offer\n\nYou may lose your right to statutory redundancy pay if you unreasonably turn down suitable alternative employment.\n\nYou can make a claim to an employment tribunal if you think the job you\u2019ve been offered is not suitable.\n\n## Trial periods\n\nYou have the right to a 4 week trial period for any alternative employment you\u2019re offered.\n\nThe 4 week period could be extended if you need training. Any extension must be agreed in writing before the trial period starts.\n\nTell your employer during the trial period if you decide the new job is not suitable. This will not affect your employment rights, including your right to statutory redundancy pay.\n\nYou\u2019ll lose your right to claim statutory redundancy pay if you do not give notice within the 4 week trial period.\n\n## Time off for job hunting\n\nIf you\u2019ve been continuously employed for 2 years by the date your notice period ends, you\u2019re allowed a reasonable amount of time off to:\n\n- look for another job\n\n- arrange training to help you find another job\n\nHow long you can take will depend on your circumstances.\n\nNo matter how much time you take off to look for another job, the most your employer has to pay you is 40% of one week\u2019s pay.\n\n## Get help finding a new job\n\nYou can get help from the Jobcentre Plus Rapid Response Service to:\n\n- write CVs and find jobs\n\n- find information on benefits\n\n- find the right training and learn new skills\n\n- organise work trials (if you\u2019re eligible)\n\n- get any extra help at work if you\u2019re disabled, for example Access to Work\n\nYou may also be able to get help with costs, such as:\n\n- travel to work expenses\n\n- childcare\n\n- tools or equipment\n\n- vocational training - you must be in your notice period to be considered\n\nThere\u2019s a different service if you\u2019re in Scotland or Wales.\n\n## Get in touch\n\nYou can contact the Rapid Response Service:\n\n- if you suspect you\u2019re going to be made redundant\n\n- during your notice period\n\n- up to 13 weeks after you\u2019ve been made redundant\n\n## Further information and support\n\nYou can read more about finding a job, how your pension might be affected, and what benefits you could get.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Redundancy is a form of dismissal from your job. It happens when employers need to reduce their workforce.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re being made redundant, you might be eligible for certain things, including:

    ", + "
  • redundancy pay
    • ", + "
  • a notice period
    • ", + "
  • a consultation with your employer
    • ", + "
  • the option to move into a different job
    • ", + "
  • time off to find a new job
    • ", + "

    You also have specific rights if your employer is insolvent.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been made redundant because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might be able to re-employ you and pay 80% of your wages.

    ", + "

    You must be selected for redundancy in a fair way, for example because of your level of experience or capability to do the job.

    ", + "

    You cannot be selected because of age, gender, or if you\u2019re disabled or pregnant. If you are, this could be classed as an unfair dismissal.

    ", + "

    Get advice

    ", + "

    You can get advice on redundancy from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    Being selected for redundancy

    ", + "

    Your employer should use a fair and objective way of selecting you for redundancy.

    ", + "

    Commonly used methods are:

    ", + "
  • last in, first out (employees with the shortest length of service are selected first)
    • ", + "
  • asking for volunteers (self-selection)
    • ", + "
  • disciplinary records
    • ", + "
  • staff appraisal markings, skills, qualifications and experience
    • ", + "

    Your employer can make you redundant without having to follow a selection process if your job no longer exists, for example if:

    ", + "
  • your employer is closing down a whole operation in a company and making all the employees working in it redundant
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the only employee in your part of the organisation
    • ", + "

    Your employer may offer you a different role if one is available.

    ", + "

    If your employer uses \u2018last in, first out\u2019, make sure it\u2019s not discrimination, for example if it means only young people are made redundant.

    ", + "

    Reapplying for your own job

    ", + "

    You might be asked to reapply for your own job, which could help your employer decide who to select.

    ", + "

    If you do not apply or you\u2019re unsuccessful in your application, you\u2019ll still have a job until your employer makes you redundant.

    ", + "

    Unfair selection

    ", + "

    You cannot be selected for the following reasons - your redundancy would be classed as an unfair dismissal:

    ", + "
  • sex
    • ", + "
  • gender reassignment
    • ", + "
  • marital status
    • ", + "
  • sexual orientation
    • ", + "
  • race
    • ", + "
  • disability
    • ", + "
  • religion or belief
    • ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • your membership or non-membership of a trade union
    • ", + "
  • health and safety activities
    • ", + "
  • working pattern, for example part-time or fixed-term employees
    • ", + "
  • maternity leave, birth or pregnancy
    • ", + "
  • paternity leave, parental or dependants leave
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re exercising your statutory rights
    • ", + "
  • whistleblowing, for example making disclosures about your employer\u2019s wrongdoing
    • ", + "
  • taking part in lawful industrial action lasting 12 weeks or less
    • ", + "
  • taking action on health and safety grounds
    • ", + "
  • doing jury service
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the trustee of a company pension scheme
    • ", + "

    Appealing the decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you feel that you\u2019ve been unfairly selected. Write to your employer explaining the reasons.

    ", + "

    You may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal for unfair dismissal.

    ", + "

    Voluntary redundancy

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to your employer whether they actually select you if you volunteer for redundancy.

    ", + "

    Your employer cannot just offer voluntary redundancy to age groups eligible for an early retirement package - this could be unlawful age discrimination.

    ", + "

    However, an early retirement package (for certain age groups) could be one element of a voluntary redundancy offer open to all employees.

    ", + "

    Apprentices

    ", + "

    Talk to your manager and training provider if you\u2019re an apprentice and you\u2019re worried about being made redundant.

    ", + "

    Your training provider or the National Apprenticeship Service might be able to help you find another employer to help you complete your apprenticeship.

    ", + "

    Apprenticeships are different in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Redundancy pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally be entitled to statutory redundancy pay if you\u2019re an employee and you\u2019ve been working for your current employer for 2 years or more.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • half a week\u2019s pay for each full year you were under 22
    • ", + "
  • one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were 22 or older, but under 41
    • ", + "
  • one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were 41 or older
    • ", + "

    Length of service is capped at 20 years.

    ", + "

    Your weekly pay is the average you earned per week over the 12 weeks before the day you got your redundancy notice.

    ", + "

    If you were paid less than usual because you were \u2018on furlough\u2019 because of coronavirus, your redundancy pay is based on what you would have earned normally.

    ", + "

    If you were made redundant on or after 6 April 2021, your weekly pay is capped at \u00a3544 and the maximum statutory redundancy pay you can get is \u00a316,320. If you were made redundant before 6 April 2021, these amounts will be lower.

    ", + "

    Calculate your redundancy pay.

    ", + "

    Redundancy pay (including any severance pay) under \u00a330,000 is not taxable.

    ", + "

    Your employer will deduct tax and National Insurance contributions from any wages or holiday pay they owe you.

    ", + "

    Exceptions

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not entitled to statutory redundancy pay if:

    ", + "
  • your employer offers to keep you on
    • ", + "
  • your employer offers you suitable alternative work which you refuse without good reason
    • ", + "

    Being dismissed for misconduct does not count as redundancy, so you would not get redundancy pay if this happened.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not entitled to statutory redundancy pay if you fall into one or more of the following categories:

    ", + "
  • former registered dock workers (covered by other arrangements) and share fishermen
    • ", + "
  • crown servants, members of the armed forces or police services
    • ", + "
  • apprentices who are not employees at the end of their training
    • ", + "
  • a domestic servant who is a member of the employer\u2019s immediate family
    • ", + "

    Short-term and temporary lay-offs

    ", + "

    You can claim statutory redundancy pay if you\u2019re eligible and you\u2019ve been temporarily laid off (without pay or less than half a week\u2019s pay) for either:

    ", + "
  • more than 4 weeks in a row
    • ", + "
  • more than 6 non-consecutive weeks in a 13 week period
    • ", + "

    Write to your employer telling them you intend to claim statutory redundancy pay. This must be done within 4 weeks of your last non-working day in the 4 or 6 week period.

    ", + "

    If your employer does not reject your claim within 7 days of receiving it, write to your employer again giving them your notice.

    ", + "

    Your claim could be rejected if your normal work is likely to start within 4 weeks and continue for at least 13 weeks.

    ", + "

    Notice periods

    ", + "

    You must be given a notice period before your employment ends.

    ", + "

    The statutory redundancy notice periods are:

    ", + "
  • at least one week\u2019s notice if employed between one month and 2 years
    • ", + "
  • one week\u2019s notice for each year if employed between 2 and 12 years
    • ", + "
  • 12 weeks\u2019 notice if employed for 12 years or more
    • ", + "

    Check your contract. Your employer may give you more than the statutory minimum, but they cannot give you less.

    ", + "

    Notice pay

    ", + "

    As well as statutory redundancy pay, your employer should either:

    ", + "
  • pay you through your notice period
    • ", + "
  • pay you in lieu of notice depending on your circumstances
    • ", + "

    Your notice pay is based on the average you earned per week over the 12 weeks before your notice period starts.

    ", + "

    If you were paid less than usual because you were \u2018on furlough\u2019 because of coronavirus, your notice pay is based on what you would have earned normally.

    ", + "

    Payment in lieu of notice

    ", + "

    Your employment can be ended without notice if \u2018payment in lieu of notice\u2019 is included in your contract. Your employer will pay you instead of giving you a notice period.

    ", + "

    You get all of the basic pay you would\u2019ve received during the notice period. You may get extras such as pension contributions or private health care insurance if they\u2019re in your contract.

    ", + "

    Your employer may still offer you payment in lieu of notice, even if your contract does not mention it. If you accept, you should receive full pay and any extras that are in your contract.

    ", + "

    Consultation

    ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to a consultation with your employer if you\u2019re being made redundant. This involves speaking to them about:

    ", + "
  • why you\u2019re being made redundant
    • ", + "
  • any alternatives to redundancy
    • ", + "

    If your employer is making up to 19 redundancies, there are no rules about how they should carry out the consultation. If they\u2019re making 20 or more redundancies at the same time, the collective redundancy rules apply.

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to an employment tribunal if your employer does not consult properly, for example if they start late, or do not consult at all.

    ", + "

    Collective redundancy rules

    ", + "

    If your employer is making 20 or more employees redundant at the same time, the consultation should take place between your employer and a representative (rep).

    ", + "

    This will either be:

    ", + "
  • a trade union rep (if you\u2019re represented by a trade union)
    • ", + "
  • an elected employee rep (if you\u2019re not represented by a trade union, or if your employer does not recognise your trade union)
    • ", + "

    Collective consultations must cover:

    ", + "
  • ways to avoid redundancies
    • ", + "
  • the reasons for redundancies
    • ", + "
  • how to keep the number of dismissals to a minimum
    • ", + "
  • how to limit the effects for employees involved, for example by offering retraining
    • ", + "

    Your employer must also meet certain legal requirements for collective consultations.

    ", + "

    Length of consultation

    ", + "

    There\u2019s no time limit for how long the period of consultation should be, but the minimum is:

    ", + "
  • 20 to 99 redundancies - the consultation must start at least 30 days before any dismissals take effect
    • ", + "
  • 100 or more redundancies - the consultation must start at least 45 days before any dismissals take effect
    • ", + "

    Electing employee reps

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employee affected by the proposed redundancies you can:

    ", + "
  • stand for election as an employee rep
    • ", + "
  • vote for other reps
    • ", + "

    Fixed-term contract employees

    ", + "

    Your employer does not need to include you in collective consultation if you\u2019re employed under a fixed-term contract, except if they\u2019re ending your contract early because of redundancy.

    ", + "

    Suitable alternative employment

    ", + "

    Your employer might offer you \u2018suitable alternative employment\u2019 within your organisation or an associated company.

    ", + "

    Whether a job is suitable depends on:

    ", + "
  • how similar the work is to your current job
    • ", + "
  • the terms of the job being offered
    • ", + "
  • your skills, abilities and circumstances in relation to the job
    • ", + "
  • the pay (including benefits), status, hours and location
    • ", + "

    Your redundancy could be an unfair dismissal if your employer has suitable alternative employment and they do not offer it to you.

    ", + "

    Refusing an offer

    ", + "

    You may lose your right to statutory redundancy pay if you unreasonably turn down suitable alternative employment.

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to an employment tribunal if you think the job you\u2019ve been offered is not suitable.

    ", + "

    Trial periods

    ", + "

    You have the right to a 4 week trial period for any alternative employment you\u2019re offered.

    ", + "

    The 4 week period could be extended if you need training. Any extension must be agreed in writing before the trial period starts.

    ", + "

    Tell your employer during the trial period if you decide the new job is not suitable. This will not affect your employment rights, including your right to statutory redundancy pay.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll lose your right to claim statutory redundancy pay if you do not give notice within the 4 week trial period.

    ", + "

    Time off for job hunting

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been continuously employed for 2 years by the date your notice period ends, you\u2019re allowed a reasonable amount of time off to:

    ", + "
  • look for another job
    • ", + "
  • arrange training to help you find another job
    • ", + "

    How long you can take will depend on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    No matter how much time you take off to look for another job, the most your employer has to pay you is 40% of one week\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    Get help finding a new job

    ", + "

    You can get help from the Jobcentre Plus Rapid Response Service to:

    ", + "
  • write CVs and find jobs
    • ", + "
  • find information on benefits
    • ", + "
  • find the right training and learn new skills
    • ", + "
  • organise work trials (if you\u2019re eligible)
    • ", + "
  • get any extra help at work if you\u2019re disabled, for example Access to Work
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to get help with costs, such as:

    ", + "
  • travel to work expenses
    • ", + "
  • childcare
    • ", + "
  • tools or equipment
    • ", + "
  • vocational training - you must be in your notice period to be considered
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different service if you\u2019re in Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    Get in touch

    ", + "

    You can contact the Rapid Response Service:

    ", + "
  • if you suspect you\u2019re going to be made redundant
    • ", + "
  • during your notice period
    • ", + "
  • up to 13 weeks after you\u2019ve been made redundant
    • ", + "

    Further information and support

    ", + "

    You can read more about finding a job, how your pension might be affected, and what benefits you could get.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/new-state-pension": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-state-pension", + "title": "The new State Pension", + "content": "## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to claim the new State Pension if you\u2019re:\n\n- a man born on or after 6 April 1951\n\n- a woman born on or after 6 April 1953\n\nThe earliest you can get the new State Pension is when you reach State Pension age.\n\nIf you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016, you\u2019ll get the State Pension under the old rules instead.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Your National Insurance record\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need at least 10 qualifying years on your National Insurance record to get any State Pension. They do not have to be 10 qualifying years in a row.\n\nThis means for 10 years at least one or more of the following applied to you:\n\n- you were working and paid National Insurance contributions\n\n- you were getting National Insurance credits for example if you were unemployed, ill or a parent or carer\n\n- you were paying voluntary National Insurance contributions\n\nIf you\u2019ve lived or worked abroad you might still be able to get some new State Pension.\n\nYou might also qualify if you\u2019ve paid married women\u2019s or widow\u2019s reduced rate contributions.\n\n## Working after State Pension age\n\nYou do not have to stop working when you reach State Pension age but you\u2019ll no longer have to pay National Insurance. You can also request flexible working arrangements.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe full new State Pension is \u00a3179.60 per week.\n\nThe actual amount you get depends on your National Insurance record.\n\nThe only reasons the amount can be higher are if:\n\n- you have over a certain amount of Additional State Pension\n\n- you defer (delay) taking your State Pension\n\nYou can get a State Pension forecast to find out how much you could get and when.\n\nYou can still get a State Pension if you have other income like a personal pension or a workplace pension.\n\nYou might have to pay tax on your State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019ve reached State Pension age and you\u2019re on a low income, you may also qualify for Pension Credit, even if you\u2019ve saved money for retirement.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made a claim you\u2019ll get a letter about your payments.\n\nThe new State Pension is usually paid every 4 weeks into an account of your choice. You\u2019re paid in arrears (for the last 4 weeks, not the coming 4 weeks).\n\nThere are different rules if you live abroad.\n\n## Your first payment\n\nYour first payment will be within 5 weeks of reaching State Pension age. You\u2019ll get a full payment every 4 weeks after that.\n\nYou might get part of a payment before your first full payment. The letter will tell you what to expect.\n\n## Your payment day\n\nThe day your pension is paid depends on your National Insurance number.\n\nYou might be paid earlier if your normal payment day is a bank holiday.\n\n| Last 2 digits of your National Insurance number | Payment day of the week |\n\n| 00 to 19 | Monday |\n\n| 20 to 39 | Tuesday |\n\n| 40 to 59 | Wednesday |\n\n| 60 to 79 | Thursday |\n\n| 80 to 99 | Friday |\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou will not get your new State Pension automatically - you have to claim it. You should get a letter no later than 2 months before you reach State Pension age, telling you what to do.\n\nIf you have not received an invitation letter, but you are within 4 months of reaching your State Pension age you can still make a claim.\n\nThe quickest way to get your State Pension is to apply online.\n\nApply now\n\nHow to claim is different if you claim from Northern Ireland.\n\n## Other ways to apply\n\nYou can also:\n\n- print off and post the State Pension claim form to the Pension Service\n\n- phone the Pension Service to get a State Pension claim form posted to you\n\nSend your completed form to:\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to claim your pension from abroad, including the Channel Islands.\n\n## If you want to keep working\n\nYou can claim your new State Pension even if you carry on working. However, you have the option to defer which can increase the amount you get.\n\n## Claiming an Isle of Man pension\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for a state pension from the Isle of Man, you\u2019ll need to claim it separately from your UK new State Pension.\n\nFind out if you\u2019re eligible and how to claim your Isle of Man pension.\n\nYou\u2019ll get one payment for your UK pension and a separate payment for your Isle of Man pension.\n\nYou cannot defer an Isle of Man pension after 6 April 2016.\n\n## How it's calculated\n\nThe full new State Pension is \u00a3179.60 per week. What you\u2019ll receive is based on your National Insurance record.\n\n## Valuing your National Insurance contributions and credits made before 6 April 2016\n\nYour National Insurance record before 6 April 2016 is used to calculate your \u2018starting amount\u2019. This is part of your new State Pension.\n\nYour starting amount will be the higher of either:\n\n- the amount you would get under the old State Pension rules (which includes basic State Pension and Additional State Pension)\n\n- the amount you would get if the new State Pension had been in place at the start of your working life\n\nYour starting amount will include a deduction if you were contracted out of the Additional State Pension. You may have been contracted out because you were in a certain type of workplace, personal or stakeholder pension.\n\n## If your starting amount is less than the full new State Pension\n\nYou can get more State Pension by adding more qualifying years to your National Insurance record after 5 April 2016. You can do this until you reach the full new State Pension amount or reach State Pension age - whichever is first.\n\nEach qualifying year on your National Insurance record after 5 April 2016 will add about \u00a35.13 a week to your new State Pension. The exact amount you get is calculated by dividing \u00a3179.60 by 35 and then multiplying by the number of qualifying years after 5 April 2016.\n\n## If your starting amount is more than the full new State Pension\n\nThe part of your starting amount which is above the full new State Pension is called your \u2018protected payment\u2019. This is paid on top of the full new State Pension.\n\nAny qualifying years you have after 5 April 2016 will not add more to your State Pension.\n\n## You did not make National Insurance contributions or get National Insurance credits before 6 April 2016\n\nYour State Pension will be calculated entirely under the new State Pension rules.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need at least 10 qualifying years on your National Insurance record to get any State Pension.\n\nYou\u2019ll need 35 qualifying years to get the full new State Pension.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a proportion of the new State Pension if you have between 10 and 35 qualifying years.\n\nYour new State Pension is more likely to be calculated in this way if you were born after the year 2000 or became a resident of the UK after 2015.\n\n## Annual increases\n\nThe new State Pension increases each year by whichever is the highest:\n\n- earnings \u2013 the average percentage growth in wages (in Great Britain)\n\n- prices \u2013 the percentage growth in prices in the UK as measured by the Consumer Prices Index (CPI)\n\n- 2.5%\n\nIf you have a protected payment, it increases each year in line with the CPI.\n\n## Get a State Pension forecast\n\nYou can get a State Pension forecast to find out how much new State Pension you may get.\n\n## Further information\n\nYou can read \u2018Your new State Pension explained\u2019 for more detailed information about the changes to the State Pension scheme.\n\n## You've been in a workplace, personal or stakeholder pension\n\nYour starting amount may include a deduction if you were in certain:\n\n- earnings-related pension schemes at work (such as a final salary or career average pension) before 6 April 2016\n\n- workplace, personal or stakeholder pensions before 6 April 2012\n\nYou may have paid lower National Insurance contributions and paid into one of these pensions instead. This is known as being \u2018contracted out\u2019 of the Additional State Pension and will affect most people who have been in work.\n\nYou can check with your pension provider if you\u2019ve been contracted out in the past. The Pension Tracing Service might be able to find your pension providers\u2019 contact details if you\u2019ve lost contact with them.\n\n## Changes to contracting out from 6 April 2016\n\nOn 6 April 2016 these rules changed so that if you were contracted out:\n\n- you\u2019ll no longer be contracted out\n\n- you\u2019ll pay more National Insurance (the standard amount)\n\n## Check if you were contracted out\n\nCheck your old payslips. You were contracted out if the National Insurance contributions line has the letter D or N next to it. You were not contracted out if it has a letter A.\n\nIf there\u2019s a different letter, check with your employer or pension provider.\n\nYou\u2019re more likely to have been contracted out if you worked in the public sector, for example:\n\n- the NHS\n\n- local councils\n\n- fire services\n\n- the civil service\n\n- teaching\n\n- police forces\n\n- the armed forces\n\nYou paid National Insurance at a lower rate if you were contracted out.\n\n## Your National Insurance record and your State Pension\n\nYour new State Pension is based on your National Insurance record when you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to have 10 qualifying years on your National Insurance record to get any new State Pension.\n\nYou may get less than the new full State Pension if you were contracted out before 6 April 2016.\n\nYou may get more than the new full State Pension if you would have had over a certain amount of Additional State Pension under the old rules.\n\nYou\u2019ll need 35 qualifying years to get the new full State Pension if you do not have a National Insurance record before 6 April 2016.\n\n## Qualifying years if you\u2019re working\n\nWhen you\u2019re working you pay National Insurance and get a qualifying year if:\n\n- you\u2019re employed and earning over \u00a3184 a week from one employer\n\n- you\u2019re self-employed and paying National Insurance contributions\n\nYou might not pay National Insurance contributions because you\u2019re earning less than \u00a3184 a week. You may still get a qualifying year if you earn between \u00a3120 and \u00a3184 a week from one employer.\n\n## Qualifying years if you\u2019re not working\n\nYou may get National Insurance credits if you cannot work - for example because of illness or disability, or if you\u2019re a carer or you\u2019re unemployed.\n\nFor example, you can get National Insurance credits if you:\n\n- claim Child Benefit for a child under 12 (or under 16 before 2010)\n\n- get Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- get Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n## You\u2019re not working or getting National Insurance credits\n\nYou might be able to pay voluntary National Insurance contributions if you\u2019re not in one of these groups but want to increase your State Pension amount.\n\n## Gaps in your National Insurance record\n\nYou can have gaps in your National Insurance record and still get the full new State Pension.\n\nYou can get a State Pension forecast which will tell you how much State Pension you may get. You can then apply for a National Insurance statement from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to check if your record has gaps.\n\nIf you have gaps in your National Insurance record that would prevent you from getting the full new State Pension, you may be able to:\n\n- get National Insurance credits\n\n- make voluntary National Insurance contributions\n\n## Inheriting or increasing State Pension from a spouse or civil partner\n\nYou might be able to inherit an extra payment on top of your new State Pension if you\u2019re widowed.\n\nYou will not be able to inherit anything if you remarry or form a new civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.\n\n## Inheriting Additional State Pension\n\nYou might inherit part of your deceased partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if your marriage or civil partnership with them began before 6 April 2016 and one of the following applies:\n\n- your partner reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\n- they died before 6 April 2016 but would have reached State Pension age on or after that date\n\nIt will be paid with your State Pension.\n\n## Inheriting a protected payment\n\nYou\u2019ll inherit half of your partner\u2019s protected payment if your marriage or civil partnership with them began before 6 April 2016 and:\n\n- their State Pension age is on or after 6 April 2016\n\n- they died on or after 6 April 2016\n\nIt will be paid with your State Pension.\n\n## Inheriting extra State Pension or a lump sum\n\nYou may inherit part of or all of your partner\u2019s extra State Pension or lump sum if:\n\n- they died while they were deferring their State Pension (before claiming) or they had started claiming it after deferring\n\n- they reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\n- you were married or in the civil partnership when they died\n\n## Your partner\u2019s National Insurance record and your State Pension\n\nThe new State Pension is based on your own National Insurance record.\n\nIf you paid married women\u2019s or widows\u2019 reduced rate National Insurance, you might be able to increase your new State Pension if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## If you get divorced or dissolve your civil partnership\n\nThe courts can make a \u2018pension sharing order\u2019 if you get divorced or dissolve your civil partnership.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an extra payment on top of your State Pension if your ex-partner is ordered to share their Additional State Pension or protected payment with you.\n\nYour State Pension will be reduced if you\u2019re ordered to share your Additional State Pension or protected payment with your partner.\n\n## Living and working overseas\n\nIf you live or work in another country, you might be able to contribute towards that country\u2019s State Pension scheme.\n\nIf you\u2019ve lived or worked in another country in the past, you might be eligible for that country\u2019s state pension and a UK State Pension.\n\nTo check if you can pay into or receive another country\u2019s state pension, contact the pension service for that country.\n\n## Claiming another country\u2019s state pension\n\nDepending on where you\u2019ve lived or worked, you may need to make more than one pension claim.\n\n## European Economic Area (EEA) countries, Gibraltar and Switzerland\n\nYou only need to claim your state pension in the last country where you lived or worked. Your claim will cover all EEA countries, Gibraltar and Switzerland. You do not need to claim for each country separately.\n\n## Countries outside the EEA (except Switzerland)\n\nYou need to claim your pension from each country separately.\n\nCheck with the pension service for the country where you\u2019ve lived or worked to find out how to make a claim.\n\n## Your UK State Pension if you\u2019ve lived or worked abroad\n\nYour UK State Pension will be based on your UK National Insurance record. You need 10 years of UK National Insurance contributions to be eligible for the new State Pension.\n\nYou may be able to use time spent abroad to make up the 10 qualifying years. This is most likely if you\u2019ve lived or worked in:\n\n- the EEA\n\n- Switzerland\n\n- Gibraltar\n\n- certain countries that have a social security agreement with the UK\n\n## You want to retire overseas\n\nYou can claim the new State Pension overseas in most countries.\n\nYour State Pension will increase each year but only if you live in:\n\n- the EEA\n\n- Gibraltar\n\n- Switzerland\n\n- certain countries that have a social security agreement with the UK\n\nYour new State Pension may be affected if your circumstances change. You can get more information from the International Pension Centre.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to claim the new State Pension if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a man born on or after 6 April 1951
    • ", + "
  • a woman born on or after 6 April 1953
    • ", + "

    The earliest you can get the new State Pension is when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016, you\u2019ll get the State Pension under the old rules instead.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    Your National Insurance record

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need at least 10 qualifying years on your National Insurance record to get any State Pension. They do not have to be 10 qualifying years in a row.

    ", + "

    This means for 10 years at least one or more of the following applied to you:

    ", + "
  • you were working and paid National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "
  • you were getting National Insurance credits for example if you were unemployed, ill or a parent or carer
    • ", + "
  • you were paying voluntary National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lived or worked abroad you might still be able to get some new State Pension.

    ", + "

    You might also qualify if you\u2019ve paid married women\u2019s or widow\u2019s reduced rate contributions.

    ", + "

    Working after State Pension age

    ", + "

    You do not have to stop working when you reach State Pension age but you\u2019ll no longer have to pay National Insurance. You can also request flexible working arrangements.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The full new State Pension is \u00a3179.60 per week.

    ", + "

    The actual amount you get depends on your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    The only reasons the amount can be higher are if:

    ", + "
  • you have over a certain amount of Additional State Pension
    • ", + "
  • you defer (delay) taking your State Pension
    • ", + "

    You can get a State Pension forecast to find out how much you could get and when.

    ", + "

    You can still get a State Pension if you have other income like a personal pension or a workplace pension.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay tax on your State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve reached State Pension age and you\u2019re on a low income, you may also qualify for Pension Credit, even if you\u2019ve saved money for retirement.

    ", + "

    How it\u2019s paid

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve made a claim you\u2019ll get a letter about your payments.

    ", + "

    The new State Pension is usually paid every 4 weeks into an account of your choice. You\u2019re paid in arrears (for the last 4 weeks, not the coming 4 weeks).

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you live abroad.

    ", + "

    Your first payment

    ", + "

    Your first payment will be within 5 weeks of reaching State Pension age. You\u2019ll get a full payment every 4 weeks after that.

    ", + "

    You might get part of a payment before your first full payment. The letter will tell you what to expect.

    ", + "

    Your payment day

    ", + "

    The day your pension is paid depends on your National Insurance number.

    ", + "

    You might be paid earlier if your normal payment day is a bank holiday.

    ", + "Last 2 digits of your National Insurance number | Payment day of the week", + "00 to 19 | Monday", + "20 to 39 | Tuesday", + "40 to 59 | Wednesday", + "60 to 79 | Thursday", + "80 to 99 | Friday", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You will not get your new State Pension automatically - you have to claim it. You should get a letter no later than 2 months before you reach State Pension age, telling you what to do.

    ", + "

    If you have not received an invitation letter, but you are within 4 months of reaching your State Pension age you can still make a claim.

    ", + "

    The quickest way to get your State Pension is to apply online.

    ", + "

    Apply now

    ", + "

    How to claim is different if you claim from Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Other ways to apply

    ", + "

    You can also:

    ", + "
  • print off and post the State Pension claim form to the Pension Service
    • ", + "
  • phone the Pension Service to get a State Pension claim form posted to you
    • ", + "

    Send your completed form to:

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to claim your pension from abroad, including the Channel Islands.

    ", + "

    If you want to keep working

    ", + "

    You can claim your new State Pension even if you carry on working. However, you have the option to defer which can increase the amount you get.

    ", + "

    Claiming an Isle of Man pension

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for a state pension from the Isle of Man, you\u2019ll need to claim it separately from your UK new State Pension.

    ", + "

    Find out if you\u2019re eligible and how to claim your Isle of Man pension.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get one payment for your UK pension and a separate payment for your Isle of Man pension.

    ", + "

    You cannot defer an Isle of Man pension after 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    How it's calculated

    ", + "

    The full new State Pension is \u00a3179.60 per week. What you\u2019ll receive is based on your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    Valuing your National Insurance contributions and credits made before 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    Your National Insurance record before 6 April 2016 is used to calculate your \u2018starting amount\u2019. This is part of your new State Pension.

    ", + "

    Your starting amount will be the higher of either:

    ", + "
  • the amount you would get under the old State Pension rules (which includes basic State Pension and Additional State Pension)
    • ", + "
  • the amount you would get if the new State Pension had been in place at the start of your working life
    • ", + "

    Your starting amount will include a deduction if you were contracted out of the Additional State Pension. You may have been contracted out because you were in a certain type of workplace, personal or stakeholder pension.

    ", + "

    If your starting amount is less than the full new State Pension

    ", + "

    You can get more State Pension by adding more qualifying years to your National Insurance record after 5 April 2016. You can do this until you reach the full new State Pension amount or reach State Pension age - whichever is first.

    ", + "

    Each qualifying year on your National Insurance record after 5 April 2016 will add about \u00a35.13 a week to your new State Pension. The exact amount you get is calculated by dividing \u00a3179.60 by 35 and then multiplying by the number of qualifying years after 5 April 2016.

    ", + "

    If your starting amount is more than the full new State Pension

    ", + "

    The part of your starting amount which is above the full new State Pension is called your \u2018protected payment\u2019. This is paid on top of the full new State Pension.

    ", + "

    Any qualifying years you have after 5 April 2016 will not add more to your State Pension.

    ", + "

    You did not make National Insurance contributions or get National Insurance credits before 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    Your State Pension will be calculated entirely under the new State Pension rules.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need at least 10 qualifying years on your National Insurance record to get any State Pension.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need 35 qualifying years to get the full new State Pension.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a proportion of the new State Pension if you have between 10 and 35 qualifying years.

    ", + "

    Your new State Pension is more likely to be calculated in this way if you were born after the year 2000 or became a resident of the UK after 2015.

    ", + "

    Annual increases

    ", + "

    The new State Pension increases each year by whichever is the highest:

    ", + "
  • earnings \u2013 the average percentage growth in wages (in Great Britain)
    • ", + "
  • prices \u2013 the percentage growth in prices in the UK as measured by the Consumer Prices Index (CPI)
    • ", + "
  • 2.5%
    • ", + "

    If you have a protected payment, it increases each year in line with the CPI.

    ", + "

    Get a State Pension forecast

    ", + "

    You can get a State Pension forecast to find out how much new State Pension you may get.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    You can read \u2018Your new State Pension explained\u2019 for more detailed information about the changes to the State Pension scheme.

    ", + "

    You've been in a workplace, personal or stakeholder pension

    ", + "

    Your starting amount may include a deduction if you were in certain:

    ", + "
  • earnings-related pension schemes at work (such as a final salary or career average pension) before 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • workplace, personal or stakeholder pensions before 6 April 2012
    • ", + "

    You may have paid lower National Insurance contributions and paid into one of these pensions instead. This is known as being \u2018contracted out\u2019 of the Additional State Pension and will affect most people who have been in work.

    ", + "

    You can check with your pension provider if you\u2019ve been contracted out in the past. The Pension Tracing Service might be able to find your pension providers\u2019 contact details if you\u2019ve lost contact with them.

    ", + "

    Changes to contracting out from 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    On 6 April 2016 these rules changed so that if you were contracted out:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll no longer be contracted out
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll pay more National Insurance (the standard amount)
    • ", + "

    Check if you were contracted out

    ", + "

    Check your old payslips. You were contracted out if the National Insurance contributions line has the letter D or N next to it. You were not contracted out if it has a letter A.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a different letter, check with your employer or pension provider.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re more likely to have been contracted out if you worked in the public sector, for example:

    ", + "
  • the NHS
    • ", + "
  • local councils
    • ", + "
  • fire services
    • ", + "
  • the civil service
    • ", + "
  • teaching
    • ", + "
  • police forces
    • ", + "
  • the armed forces
    • ", + "

    You paid National Insurance at a lower rate if you were contracted out.

    ", + "

    Your National Insurance record and your State Pension

    ", + "

    Your new State Pension is based on your National Insurance record when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to have 10 qualifying years on your National Insurance record to get any new State Pension.

    ", + "

    You may get less than the new full State Pension if you were contracted out before 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    You may get more than the new full State Pension if you would have had over a certain amount of Additional State Pension under the old rules.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need 35 qualifying years to get the new full State Pension if you do not have a National Insurance record before 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    Qualifying years if you\u2019re working

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re working you pay National Insurance and get a qualifying year if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re employed and earning over \u00a3184 a week from one employer
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-employed and paying National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "

    You might not pay National Insurance contributions because you\u2019re earning less than \u00a3184 a week. You may still get a qualifying year if you earn between \u00a3120 and \u00a3184 a week from one employer.

    ", + "

    Qualifying years if you\u2019re not working

    ", + "

    You may get National Insurance credits if you cannot work - for example because of illness or disability, or if you\u2019re a carer or you\u2019re unemployed.

    ", + "

    For example, you can get National Insurance credits if you:

    ", + "
  • claim Child Benefit for a child under 12 (or under 16 before 2010)
    • ", + "
  • get Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • get Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re not working or getting National Insurance credits

    ", + "

    You might be able to pay voluntary National Insurance contributions if you\u2019re not in one of these groups but want to increase your State Pension amount.

    ", + "

    Gaps in your National Insurance record

    ", + "

    You can have gaps in your National Insurance record and still get the full new State Pension.

    ", + "

    You can get a State Pension forecast which will tell you how much State Pension you may get. You can then apply for a National Insurance statement from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to check if your record has gaps.

    ", + "

    If you have gaps in your National Insurance record that would prevent you from getting the full new State Pension, you may be able to:

    ", + "
  • get National Insurance credits
    • ", + "
  • make voluntary National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "

    Inheriting or increasing State Pension from a spouse or civil partner

    ", + "

    You might be able to inherit an extra payment on top of your new State Pension if you\u2019re widowed.

    ", + "

    You will not be able to inherit anything if you remarry or form a new civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    Inheriting Additional State Pension

    ", + "

    You might inherit part of your deceased partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if your marriage or civil partnership with them began before 6 April 2016 and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • your partner reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • they died before 6 April 2016 but would have reached State Pension age on or after that date
    • ", + "

    It will be paid with your State Pension.

    ", + "

    Inheriting a protected payment

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll inherit half of your partner\u2019s protected payment if your marriage or civil partnership with them began before 6 April 2016 and:

    ", + "
  • their State Pension age is on or after 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • they died on or after 6 April 2016
    • ", + "

    It will be paid with your State Pension.

    ", + "

    Inheriting extra State Pension or a lump sum

    ", + "

    You may inherit part of or all of your partner\u2019s extra State Pension or lump sum if:

    ", + "
  • they died while they were deferring their State Pension (before claiming) or they had started claiming it after deferring
    • ", + "
  • they reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • you were married or in the civil partnership when they died
    • ", + "

    Your partner\u2019s National Insurance record and your State Pension

    ", + "

    The new State Pension is based on your own National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    If you paid married women\u2019s or widows\u2019 reduced rate National Insurance, you might be able to increase your new State Pension if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    If you get divorced or dissolve your civil partnership

    ", + "

    The courts can make a \u2018pension sharing order\u2019 if you get divorced or dissolve your civil partnership.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an extra payment on top of your State Pension if your ex-partner is ordered to share their Additional State Pension or protected payment with you.

    ", + "

    Your State Pension will be reduced if you\u2019re ordered to share your Additional State Pension or protected payment with your partner.

    ", + "

    Living and working overseas

    ", + "

    If you live or work in another country, you might be able to contribute towards that country\u2019s State Pension scheme.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lived or worked in another country in the past, you might be eligible for that country\u2019s state pension and a UK State Pension.

    ", + "

    To check if you can pay into or receive another country\u2019s state pension, contact the pension service for that country.

    ", + "

    Claiming another country\u2019s state pension

    ", + "

    Depending on where you\u2019ve lived or worked, you may need to make more than one pension claim.

    ", + "

    European Economic Area (EEA) countries, Gibraltar and Switzerland

    ", + "

    You only need to claim your state pension in the last country where you lived or worked. Your claim will cover all EEA countries, Gibraltar and Switzerland. You do not need to claim for each country separately.

    ", + "

    Countries outside the EEA (except Switzerland)

    ", + "

    You need to claim your pension from each country separately.

    ", + "

    Check with the pension service for the country where you\u2019ve lived or worked to find out how to make a claim.

    ", + "

    Your UK State Pension if you\u2019ve lived or worked abroad

    ", + "

    Your UK State Pension will be based on your UK National Insurance record. You need 10 years of UK National Insurance contributions to be eligible for the new State Pension.

    ", + "

    You may be able to use time spent abroad to make up the 10 qualifying years. This is most likely if you\u2019ve lived or worked in:

    ", + "
  • the EEA
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • certain countries that have a social security agreement with the UK
    • ", + "

    You want to retire overseas

    ", + "

    You can claim the new State Pension overseas in most countries.

    ", + "

    Your State Pension will increase each year but only if you live in:

    ", + "
  • the EEA
    • ", + "
  • Gibraltar
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • certain countries that have a social security agreement with the UK
    • ", + "

    Your new State Pension may be affected if your circumstances change. You can get more information from the International Pension Centre.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/state-pension": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/state-pension", + "title": "The basic State Pension", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can claim the basic State Pension if you\u2019re:\n\n- a man born before 6 April 1951\n\n- a woman born before 6 April 1953\n\nIf you were born later, you\u2019ll need to claim the new State Pension instead.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nTo get the basic State Pension you must have paid or been credited with National Insurance contributions.\n\nThe most you can currently get is \u00a3137.60 per week.\n\nThe basic State Pension increases every year by whichever is the highest of the following:\n\n- earnings - the average percentage growth in wages (in Great Britain)\n\n- prices - the percentage growth in prices in the UK as measured by the Consumer Prices Index (CPI)\n\n- 2.5%\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019re eligible for the basic State Pension if you were born before:\n\n- 6 April 1951 if you\u2019re a man\n\n- 6 April 1953 if you\u2019re a woman\n\nIf you were born on or after these dates you must claim the new State Pension.\n\nThe earliest you can get the basic State Pension is when you reach State Pension age.\n\nTo get the full basic State Pension you need a total of 30 qualifying years of National Insurance contributions or credits. This means you were either:\n\n- working and paying National Insurance\n\n- getting National Insurance Credits, for example for unemployment, sickness or as a parent or carer\n\n- paying voluntary National Insurance contributions\n\nIf you have fewer than 30 qualifying years, your basic State Pension will be less than \u00a3137.60 per week but you might be able to top up by paying voluntary National Insurance contributions.\n\nTo get information about your basic State Pension, contact the Pension Service or the International Pension Centre if you live abroad.\n\n## Married or in a civil partnership\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for a basic State Pension or you\u2019re not getting the full amount, you might qualify for a \u2018top up\u2019 to \u00a382.45 per week through your spouse\u2019s or civil partner\u2019s National Insurance contributions.\n\nYou can get the \u2018top up\u2019 if both of you have reached State Pension age and either:\n\n- your spouse or civil partner reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and qualifies for some basic State Pension, even if they have not claimed it\n\n- your spouse or civil partner reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016 and has at least one qualifying year of National Insurance contributions or credits from before 6 April 2016, even if they do not qualify for any new State Pension or they have not claimed it\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner was born before 6 April 1950, you can only get the \u2018top up\u2019 if you\u2019re a woman who is married to either:\n\n- a man\n\n- a woman who legally changed their gender from male to female during your marriage\n\nIf you\u2019re not getting the \u2018top up\u2019 but think you qualify, contact the Pension Service.\n\nYou need to contact the Pension Service to claim your \u2018top up\u2019 if you\u2019re a married woman and:\n\n- your spouse reached State Pension age before 17 March 2008\n\n- you reached State Pension age before your spouse\n\nYou\u2019ll get any Additional State Pension or Graduated Retirement Benefit based on your own contributions in addition to the \u2018top up\u2019.\n\n## You do not qualify for a State Pension\n\nIf you\u2019re not covered by any of these groups but want a State Pension you might be able to pay voluntary National Insurance contributions.\n\n## Men born before 1945 and women born before 1950\n\nYou need more qualifying years to get a full State Pension and a certain minimum number of years to get any State Pension at all.\n\n| | Number of years needed for a full State Pension | Number of years needed for any State Pension |\n\n| Men born before 6 April 1945 | 44 | 11 |\n\n| Women born before 6 April 1950 | 39 | 10 |\n\n## Transgender people\n\nYour State Pension might be affected if you\u2019re a transgender person and you:\n\n- were born between 24 December 1919 and 3 April 1945\n\n- were claiming State Pension before 4 April 2005\n\n- can provide evidence that your gender reassignment surgery took place before 4 April 2005\n\nFind out more and contact the Gender Recognition team.\n\nYou do not need to do anything if you legally changed your gender and started claiming State Pension on or after 4 April 2005 - you\u2019ll already be claiming based on your legal gender.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nCheck if you need to claim the new State Pension instead.\n\nThe full basic State Pension is \u00a3137.60 per week. There are ways you can increase your State Pension up to or above the full amount.\n\nYou may have to pay tax on your State Pension.\n\nTo get information about your State Pension, contact the Pension Service.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nThe day your pension is paid depends on your National Insurance number.\n\n| Last 2 digits of your National Insurance number | Day your State Pension gets paid |\n\n| 00 to 19 | Monday |\n\n| 20 to 39 | Tuesday |\n\n| 40 to 59 | Wednesday |\n\n| 60 to 79 | Thursday |\n\n| 80 to 99 | Friday |\n\nYour first payment is made at the end of the first full week after you reach State Pension age. If you deferred your State Pension, you\u2019ll get your first payment at the end of the first full week in which you want to start getting your pension.\n\nYour first payment will not include the time between reaching State Pension age and your normal payment day if that\u2019s less than one week.\n\nThe basic State Pension is usually paid every 4 weeks into an account of your choice. You\u2019re paid \u2018in arrears\u2019, which means you\u2019re paid for the last 4 weeks, not for the coming 4 weeks.\n\nThere are different rules if you live abroad.\n\n## Adult Dependency Increase\n\nAdult Dependency Increase payments have stopped. You may be eligible to apply for Pension Credit or Universal Credit.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou will not get your State Pension automatically - you have to claim it.\n\nCheck if you need to claim the new State Pension instead.\n\nThere are 3 ways to claim the basic State Pension:\n\n- over the phone\n\n- print off and post the State Pension claim form to the Pension Service\n\n- claim from abroad including the Channel Islands\n\nHow to claim is different if you claim from Northern Ireland.\n\n## You want to keep working\n\nYou can claim your State Pension even if you carry on working.\n\n## Increase the amount you'll get\n\nThere are ways you can increase your basic State Pension if you:\n\n- are not eligible for the full amount (\u00a3137.60 per week)\n\n- want to receive more than the full amount\n\nYou should get financial advice when planning your retirement income.\n\n## Voluntary National Insurance contributions\n\nYou need 30 years of National Insurance contributions to be eligible for the full basic State Pension.\n\nIf you have gaps in your insurance record, you may be able to make voluntary contributions to increase your pension.\n\n## Delay (defer) your State Pension\n\nDeferring your State Pension could increase your payments when you decide to claim. The basic State Pension increases by 1% for every 5 weeks you defer.\n\nThe extra amount is paid with your regular State Pension and can be claimed on top of the full basic State Pension amount.\n\n## Other ways you could increase your pension\n\nIf you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership you may be eligible to increase your basic State Pension to \u00a382.45 per week. Check if you qualify.\n\nYou might also qualify for the Additional State Pension or, if you\u2019re on a low income, Pension Credit.\n\n## Inheritance\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016, they should contact the Pension Service when you die to check what they can claim.\n\nThey may be able to increase their basic State Pension by using your qualifying years if they do not already get the full amount.\n\nIf they reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016 or are under State Pension age when you die, they can check what inheritance they might be entitled to.\n\n## You\u2019re single or divorced\n\nIf you\u2019re single, divorced or your civil partnership was dissolved and you die after you\u2019ve reached State Pension age, your estate can claim up to 3 months of your basic State Pension. They can only do this if you had not claimed it.\n\n## Extra money from deferring your State Pension\n\nIf you decided to defer your State Pension and built up an extra amount, your spouse or civil partner may either claim the extra State Pension or get a lump sum.\n\nIf you deferred for less than 12 months your spouse or civil partner can only get extra State Pension, not a lump sum.\n\nIf you deferred for 12 months or more they can choose to get extra State Pension or a lump sum payment. Provided they have not remarried or formed a new civil partnership since your death they can get this when they reach State Pension age.\n\n## State Pension top up\n\nIf you topped up your State Pension (between 12 October 2015 and 5 April 2017), your spouse or civil partner may be able to inherit some or all of your top up.\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nYou must tell the Pension Service if anything in your circumstances changes, for example if you:\n\n- move home\n\n- go into or come out of hospital\n\n- move abroad or return to the UK\n\n- go into a care home\n\n- change your bank account\n\n- marry or form a civil partnership\n\n- get divorced or have your civil partnership dissolved\n\n- are widowed or your civil partner dies\n\n- change your gender\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay overpaid money.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can claim the basic State Pension if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a man born before 6 April 1951
    • ", + "
  • a woman born before 6 April 1953
    • ", + "

    If you were born later, you\u2019ll need to claim the new State Pension instead.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    To get the basic State Pension you must have paid or been credited with National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    The most you can currently get is \u00a3137.60 per week.

    ", + "

    The basic State Pension increases every year by whichever is the highest of the following:

    ", + "
  • earnings - the average percentage growth in wages (in Great Britain)
    • ", + "
  • prices - the percentage growth in prices in the UK as measured by the Consumer Prices Index (CPI)
    • ", + "
  • 2.5%
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You\u2019re eligible for the basic State Pension if you were born before:

    ", + "
  • 6 April 1951 if you\u2019re a man
    • ", + "
  • 6 April 1953 if you\u2019re a woman
    • ", + "

    If you were born on or after these dates you must claim the new State Pension.

    ", + "

    The earliest you can get the basic State Pension is when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    To get the full basic State Pension you need a total of 30 qualifying years of National Insurance contributions or credits. This means you were either:

    ", + "
  • working and paying National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • getting National Insurance Credits, for example for unemployment, sickness or as a parent or carer
    • ", + "
  • paying voluntary National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "

    If you have fewer than 30 qualifying years, your basic State Pension will be less than \u00a3137.60 per week but you might be able to top up by paying voluntary National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    To get information about your basic State Pension, contact the Pension Service or the International Pension Centre if you live abroad.

    ", + "

    Married or in a civil partnership

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible for a basic State Pension or you\u2019re not getting the full amount, you might qualify for a \u2018top up\u2019 to \u00a382.45 per week through your spouse\u2019s or civil partner\u2019s National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    You can get the \u2018top up\u2019 if both of you have reached State Pension age and either:

    ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and qualifies for some basic State Pension, even if they have not claimed it
    • ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016 and has at least one qualifying year of National Insurance contributions or credits from before 6 April 2016, even if they do not qualify for any new State Pension or they have not claimed it
    • ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner was born before 6 April 1950, you can only get the \u2018top up\u2019 if you\u2019re a woman who is married to either:

    ", + "
  • a man
    • ", + "
  • a woman who legally changed their gender from male to female during your marriage
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not getting the \u2018top up\u2019 but think you qualify, contact the Pension Service.

    ", + "

    You need to contact the Pension Service to claim your \u2018top up\u2019 if you\u2019re a married woman and:

    ", + "
  • your spouse reached State Pension age before 17 March 2008
    • ", + "
  • you reached State Pension age before your spouse
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get any Additional State Pension or Graduated Retirement Benefit based on your own contributions in addition to the \u2018top up\u2019.

    ", + "

    You do not qualify for a State Pension

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not covered by any of these groups but want a State Pension you might be able to pay voluntary National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    Men born before 1945 and women born before 1950

    ", + "

    You need more qualifying years to get a full State Pension and a certain minimum number of years to get any State Pension at all.

    ", + " | Number of years needed for a full State Pension | Number of years needed for any State Pension", + "Men born before 6 April 1945 | 44 | 11", + "Women born before 6 April 1950 | 39 | 10", + "

    Transgender people

    ", + "

    Your State Pension might be affected if you\u2019re a transgender person and you:

    ", + "
  • were born between 24 December 1919 and 3 April 1945
    • ", + "
  • were claiming State Pension before 4 April 2005
    • ", + "
  • can provide evidence that your gender reassignment surgery took place before 4 April 2005
    • ", + "

    Find out more and contact the Gender Recognition team.

    ", + "

    You do not need to do anything if you legally changed your gender and started claiming State Pension on or after 4 April 2005 - you\u2019ll already be claiming based on your legal gender.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    Check if you need to claim the new State Pension instead.

    ", + "

    The full basic State Pension is \u00a3137.60 per week. There are ways you can increase your State Pension up to or above the full amount.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay tax on your State Pension.

    ", + "

    To get information about your State Pension, contact the Pension Service.

    ", + "

    How it\u2019s paid

    ", + "

    The day your pension is paid depends on your National Insurance number.

    ", + "Last 2 digits of your National Insurance number | Day your State Pension gets paid", + "00 to 19 | Monday", + "20 to 39 | Tuesday", + "40 to 59 | Wednesday", + "60 to 79 | Thursday", + "80 to 99 | Friday", + "

    Your first payment is made at the end of the first full week after you reach State Pension age. If you deferred your State Pension, you\u2019ll get your first payment at the end of the first full week in which you want to start getting your pension.

    ", + "

    Your first payment will not include the time between reaching State Pension age and your normal payment day if that\u2019s less than one week.

    ", + "

    The basic State Pension is usually paid every 4 weeks into an account of your choice. You\u2019re paid \u2018in arrears\u2019, which means you\u2019re paid for the last 4 weeks, not for the coming 4 weeks.

    ", + "

    There are different rules if you live abroad.

    ", + "

    Adult Dependency Increase

    ", + "

    Adult Dependency Increase payments have stopped. You may be eligible to apply for Pension Credit or Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You will not get your State Pension automatically - you have to claim it.

    ", + "

    Check if you need to claim the new State Pension instead.

    ", + "

    There are 3 ways to claim the basic State Pension:

    ", + "
  • over the phone
    • ", + "
  • print off and post the State Pension claim form to the Pension Service
    • ", + "
  • claim from abroad including the Channel Islands
    • ", + "

    How to claim is different if you claim from Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You want to keep working

    ", + "

    You can claim your State Pension even if you carry on working.

    ", + "

    Increase the amount you'll get

    ", + "

    There are ways you can increase your basic State Pension if you:

    ", + "
  • are not eligible for the full amount (\u00a3137.60 per week)
    • ", + "
  • want to receive more than the full amount
    • ", + "

    You should get financial advice when planning your retirement income.

    ", + "

    Voluntary National Insurance contributions

    ", + "

    You need 30 years of National Insurance contributions to be eligible for the full basic State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you have gaps in your insurance record, you may be able to make voluntary contributions to increase your pension.

    ", + "

    Delay (defer) your State Pension

    ", + "

    Deferring your State Pension could increase your payments when you decide to claim. The basic State Pension increases by 1% for every 5 weeks you defer.

    ", + "

    The extra amount is paid with your regular State Pension and can be claimed on top of the full basic State Pension amount.

    ", + "

    Other ways you could increase your pension

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership you may be eligible to increase your basic State Pension to \u00a382.45 per week. Check if you qualify.

    ", + "

    You might also qualify for the Additional State Pension or, if you\u2019re on a low income, Pension Credit.

    ", + "

    Inheritance

    ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016, they should contact the Pension Service when you die to check what they can claim.

    ", + "

    They may be able to increase their basic State Pension by using your qualifying years if they do not already get the full amount.

    ", + "

    If they reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016 or are under State Pension age when you die, they can check what inheritance they might be entitled to.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re single or divorced

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re single, divorced or your civil partnership was dissolved and you die after you\u2019ve reached State Pension age, your estate can claim up to 3 months of your basic State Pension. They can only do this if you had not claimed it.

    ", + "

    Extra money from deferring your State Pension

    ", + "

    If you decided to defer your State Pension and built up an extra amount, your spouse or civil partner may either claim the extra State Pension or get a lump sum.

    ", + "

    If you deferred for less than 12 months your spouse or civil partner can only get extra State Pension, not a lump sum.

    ", + "

    If you deferred for 12 months or more they can choose to get extra State Pension or a lump sum payment. Provided they have not remarried or formed a new civil partnership since your death they can get this when they reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    State Pension top up

    ", + "

    If you topped up your State Pension (between 12 October 2015 and 5 April 2017), your spouse or civil partner may be able to inherit some or all of your top up.

    ", + "

    Change of circumstances

    ", + "

    You must tell the Pension Service if anything in your circumstances changes, for example if you:

    ", + "
  • move home
    • ", + "
  • go into or come out of hospital
    • ", + "
  • move abroad or return to the UK
    • ", + "
  • go into a care home
    • ", + "
  • change your bank account
    • ", + "
  • marry or form a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • get divorced or have your civil partnership dissolved
    • ", + "
  • are widowed or your civil partner dies
    • ", + "
  • change your gender
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been paid too much

    ", + "

    You may have to repay the money if you:

    ", + "
  • did not report a change straight away
    • ", + "
  • gave wrong information
    • ", + "
  • were overpaid by mistake
    • ", + "

    Find out how to repay overpaid money.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "title": "Additional State Pension", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe Additional State Pension is an extra amount of money you could get on top of your basic State Pension if you\u2019re:\n\n- a man born before 6 April 1951\n\n- a woman born before 6 April 1953\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou get the new State Pension if you were born on or after this date. You will not qualify for the Additional State Pension, but you might still be able to inherit Additional State Pension from your partner.\n\nYou get the Additional State Pension automatically if you\u2019re eligible for it, unless you\u2019ve contracted out of it.\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere is no fixed amount for the Additional State Pension.\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- how many years you paid National Insurance for\n\n- your earnings\n\n- whether you\u2019ve contracted out of the scheme\n\n- whether you topped up your basic State Pension (this was only possible between 12 October 2015 and 5 April 2017)\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## You reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou will not get the Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. You\u2019ll get the new State Pension.\n\n## You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\nIf you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and started claiming the basic State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get any Additional State Pension you\u2019re eligible for. There is no need to make a separate claim.\n\nYou may not get any Additional State Pension for periods when you were contracted out of it.\n\n## When you have contributed to the Additional State Pension\n\nThe Additional State Pension is made up of 3 schemes. You might have contributed to more than one, depending on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been working\n\n- whether you chose to top up your State Pension\n\n| Time | Scheme | You contributed if |\n\n| 2002 to 2016 | State Second Pension | You were employed or claiming certain benefits |\n\n| 1978 to 2002 | State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme (SERPS) | You were employed |\n\n| 12 October 2015 to 5 April 2017 | State Pension top up | You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and opted in |\n\n## The State Second Pension since 2002\n\nYou contributed through your National Insurance contributions if at any time between 6 April 2002 and 5 April 2016 you were:\n\n- employed and earning at least the lower earnings limit - this was \u00a35,824 in the 2015 to 2016 tax year\n\n- looking after children under 12 and claiming Child Benefit\n\n- caring for a sick or disabled person more than 20 hours a week and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- working as a registered foster carer and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- receiving certain other benefits due to illness or disability\n\n## Contracting out\n\nYou could only contract out of the Additional State Pension if your employer ran a contracted-out pension scheme. Check with them.\n\nWhile you were a member of a contracted-out workplace pension you did not contribute to the Additional State Pension. In some cases, you could get the Second State Pension even if you did not contribute, for example if your earnings were low.\n\nYou cannot contract out after 6 April 2016. If you were contracted out, your National Insurance contributions increased to your standard rate after this date.\n\nThe extra pension you get from a contracted-out pension scheme is usually the same as, or more than, the Additional State Pension you would have got if you did not contract out.\n\n## Check if you were contracted out\n\nYou can find out if you were contracted out by:\n\n- checking an old payslip\n\n- calling your pension provider\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service might be able to find your pension providers\u2019 contact details if you\u2019ve lost contact with them.\n\n## National Insurance while contracting out\n\nYou paid lower National Insurance contributions while you were contracted out if:\n\n- you earned between \u00a3155 and \u00a3770 a week\n\n- you were under State Pension age\n\n- you did not pay reduced rate National Insurance\n\n## What happens when you retire\n\nYou\u2019ll get a pension from your employer\u2019s workplace pension scheme.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou do not have to do anything to claim the Additional State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for an Additional State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get it when you claim your State Pension.\n\nAfter you claim, the Pension Service will write to you and tell you how much you\u2019re getting.\n\n## Inheriting Additional State Pension\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner dies, you may be able to inherit part of their Additional State Pension. Contact the Pension Service to check what you can claim and how.\n\n## Maximum State Second Pension you can inherit\n\nYou can inherit up to 50% of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s State Second Pension.\n\n## Maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit\n\nThe maximum you can inherit depends on when your spouse or civil partner died.\n\nIf they died before 6 October 2002, you can inherit up to 100% of their SERPS pension.\n\nIf they died on or after 6 October 2002, the maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit depends on their date of birth.\n\n| Man\u2019s date of birth | Woman\u2019s date of birth | Maximum % of SERPS and State Pension top up you can inherit |\n\n| 5 October 1937 or before | 5 October 1942 or before | 100% |\n\n| 6 October 1937 to 5 October 1939 | 6 October 1942 to 5 October 1944 | 90% |\n\n| 6 October 1939 to 5 October 1941 | 6 October 1944 to 5 October 1946 | 80% |\n\n| 6 October 1941 to 5 October 1943 | 6 October 1946 to 5 October 1948 | 70% |\n\n| 6 October 1943 to 5 October 1945 | 6 October 1948 to 5 July 1950 | 60% |\n\n| 6 October 1945 and after | 6 July 1950 and after | 50% |\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner died within 90 days of topping up their State Pension, the top up should have been refunded to their estate (their total property, money and possessions), minus any payments they received before they died. This means you will not inherit the top up as part of their Additional State Pension.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nAny Additional State Pension you inherit will be paid on top of your State Pension when you reach State Pension age.\n\n## If you get your own Additional State Pension\n\nThe maximum amount of Additional State Pension you can get is \u00a3180.31 per week.\u00a0The limit does not include State Pension top up.\n\n## If you get Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou may inherit Additional State Pension before you reach State Pension age. You\u2019ll stop receiving it if your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance ends.\n\nYou may receive it again when you reach State Pension age if you were over 45 when you were entitled to Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance or Bereavement Allowance ended before you were 55, you\u2019ll receive less Additional State Pension.\n\n## When you cannot inherit Additional State Pension\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if you remarry or form another civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.\n\nThe date you reach State Pension age also affects whether you can inherit Additional State Pension.\n\n## If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2010\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if they died before they reached their State Pension age and after you reached yours.\n\nThis does not apply if you\u2019re a woman who was married to:\n\n- a man\n\n- a woman who legally changed their gender from male to female during your marriage\n\n## If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if either:\n\n- your spouse or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2016 and reached (or would have reached) State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\n- you started your marriage or civil partnership on or after 6 April 2016\n\n## If you get divorced\n\nIf you get divorced or your civil partnership is dissolved the court can decide that your Additional State Pension should be shared as part of the financial settlement.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to fill in form BR20 to give details of your Additional State Pension.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The Additional State Pension is an extra amount of money you could get on top of your basic State Pension if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a man born before 6 April 1951
    • ", + "
  • a woman born before 6 April 1953
    • ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    You get the new State Pension if you were born on or after this date. You will not qualify for the Additional State Pension, but you might still be able to inherit Additional State Pension from your partner.

    ", + "

    You get the Additional State Pension automatically if you\u2019re eligible for it, unless you\u2019ve contracted out of it.

    ", + "

    The Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    There is no fixed amount for the Additional State Pension.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • how many years you paid National Insurance for
    • ", + "
  • your earnings
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve contracted out of the scheme
    • ", + "
  • whether you topped up your basic State Pension (this was only possible between 12 October 2015 and 5 April 2017)
    • ", + "

    How you\u2019re paid

    ", + "

    The Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension into your bank account.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    You will not get the Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. You\u2019ll get the new State Pension.

    ", + "

    You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and started claiming the basic State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get any Additional State Pension you\u2019re eligible for. There is no need to make a separate claim.

    ", + "

    You may not get any Additional State Pension for periods when you were contracted out of it.

    ", + "

    When you have contributed to the Additional State Pension

    ", + "

    The Additional State Pension is made up of 3 schemes. You might have contributed to more than one, depending on:

    ", + "
  • how long you\u2019ve been working
    • ", + "
  • whether you chose to top up your State Pension
    • ", + "Time | Scheme | You contributed if", + "2002 to 2016 | State Second Pension | You were employed or claiming certain benefits", + "1978 to 2002 | State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme (SERPS) | You were employed", + "12 October 2015 to 5 April 2017 | State Pension top up | You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and opted in", + "

    The State Second Pension since 2002

    ", + "

    You contributed through your National Insurance contributions if at any time between 6 April 2002 and 5 April 2016 you were:

    ", + "
  • employed and earning at least the lower earnings limit - this was \u00a35,824 in the 2015 to 2016 tax year
    • ", + "
  • looking after children under 12 and claiming Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • caring for a sick or disabled person more than 20 hours a week and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit
    • ", + "
  • working as a registered foster carer and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit
    • ", + "
  • receiving certain other benefits due to illness or disability
    • ", + "

    Contracting out

    ", + "

    You could only contract out of the Additional State Pension if your employer ran a contracted-out pension scheme. Check with them.

    ", + "

    While you were a member of a contracted-out workplace pension you did not contribute to the Additional State Pension. In some cases, you could get the Second State Pension even if you did not contribute, for example if your earnings were low.

    ", + "

    You cannot contract out after 6 April 2016. If you were contracted out, your National Insurance contributions increased to your standard rate after this date.

    ", + "

    The extra pension you get from a contracted-out pension scheme is usually the same as, or more than, the Additional State Pension you would have got if you did not contract out.

    ", + "

    Check if you were contracted out

    ", + "

    You can find out if you were contracted out by:

    ", + "
  • checking an old payslip
    • ", + "
  • calling your pension provider
    • ", + "

    The Pension Tracing Service might be able to find your pension providers\u2019 contact details if you\u2019ve lost contact with them.

    ", + "

    National Insurance while contracting out

    ", + "

    You paid lower National Insurance contributions while you were contracted out if:

    ", + "
  • you earned between \u00a3155 and \u00a3770 a week
    • ", + "
  • you were under State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you did not pay reduced rate National Insurance
    • ", + "

    What happens when you retire

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a pension from your employer\u2019s workplace pension scheme.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You do not have to do anything to claim the Additional State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for an Additional State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get it when you claim your State Pension.

    ", + "

    After you claim, the Pension Service will write to you and tell you how much you\u2019re getting.

    ", + "

    Inheriting Additional State Pension

    ", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner dies, you may be able to inherit part of their Additional State Pension. Contact the Pension Service to check what you can claim and how.

    ", + "

    Maximum State Second Pension you can inherit

    ", + "

    You can inherit up to 50% of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s State Second Pension.

    ", + "

    Maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit

    ", + "

    The maximum you can inherit depends on when your spouse or civil partner died.

    ", + "

    If they died before 6 October 2002, you can inherit up to 100% of their SERPS pension.

    ", + "

    If they died on or after 6 October 2002, the maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit depends on their date of birth.

    ", + "Man\u2019s date of birth | Woman\u2019s date of birth | Maximum % of SERPS and State Pension top up you can inherit", + "5 October 1937 or before | 5 October 1942 or before | 100%", + "6 October 1937 to 5 October 1939 | 6 October 1942 to 5 October 1944 | 90%", + "6 October 1939 to 5 October 1941 | 6 October 1944 to 5 October 1946 | 80%", + "6 October 1941 to 5 October 1943 | 6 October 1946 to 5 October 1948 | 70%", + "6 October 1943 to 5 October 1945 | 6 October 1948 to 5 July 1950 | 60%", + "6 October 1945 and after | 6 July 1950 and after | 50%", + "

    If your spouse or civil partner died within 90 days of topping up their State Pension, the top up should have been refunded to their estate (their total property, money and possessions), minus any payments they received before they died. This means you will not inherit the top up as part of their Additional State Pension.

    ", + "

    How it\u2019s paid

    ", + "

    Any Additional State Pension you inherit will be paid on top of your State Pension when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you get your own Additional State Pension

    ", + "

    The maximum amount of Additional State Pension you can get is \u00a3180.31 per week.\u00a0The limit does not include State Pension top up.

    ", + "

    If you get Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance

    ", + "

    You may inherit Additional State Pension before you reach State Pension age. You\u2019ll stop receiving it if your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance ends.

    ", + "

    You may receive it again when you reach State Pension age if you were over 45 when you were entitled to Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance.

    ", + "

    If your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance or Bereavement Allowance ended before you were 55, you\u2019ll receive less Additional State Pension.

    ", + "

    When you cannot inherit Additional State Pension

    ", + "

    You cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if you remarry or form another civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    The date you reach State Pension age also affects whether you can inherit Additional State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2010

    ", + "

    You cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if they died before they reached their State Pension age and after you reached yours.

    ", + "

    This does not apply if you\u2019re a woman who was married to:

    ", + "
  • a man
    • ", + "
  • a woman who legally changed their gender from male to female during your marriage
    • ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    You cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if either:

    ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2016 and reached (or would have reached) State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • you started your marriage or civil partnership on or after 6 April 2016
    • ", + "

    If you get divorced

    ", + "

    If you get divorced or your civil partnership is dissolved the court can decide that your Additional State Pension should be shared as part of the financial settlement.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to fill in form BR20 to give details of your Additional State Pension.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/deferring-state-pension": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deferring-state-pension", + "title": "Delay (defer) your State Pension", + "content": "## How it works\n\nYou do not get your State Pension automatically - you have to claim it. You should get a letter no later than 2 months before you reach State Pension age, telling you what to do.\n\nYou can either claim your State Pension or delay (defer) claiming it.\n\nIf you want to defer, you do not have to do anything. Your pension will automatically be deferred until you claim it.\n\nDeferring your State Pension could increase the payments you get when you decide to claim it. Any extra payments you get from deferring could be taxed.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## If you\u2019re on benefits\n\nYou cannot get extra State Pension if you get certain benefits. Deferring can also affect how much you can get in benefits.\n\nYou must tell the Pension Service if you\u2019re on benefits and you want to defer.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe amount of extra State Pension you could get depends on when you reach State Pension age.\n\n## If you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYour State Pension will increase every week you defer, as long as you defer for at least 9 weeks.\n\nYour State Pension increases by the equivalent of 1% for every 9 weeks you defer. This works out as just under 5.8% for every 52 weeks.\n\nThe extra amount is paid with your regular State Pension payment.\n\nThis example assumes there is no annual increase in the State Pension. If there is an annual increase, the amount you could get could be larger.\n\n## If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\nYou can usually take your extra State Pension as either:\n\n- higher weekly payments\n\n- a one-off lump sum\n\nWhen you claim your deferred State Pension, you\u2019ll get a letter asking how you want to take your extra pension. You\u2019ll have 3 months from receiving that letter to decide.\n\n## Higher weekly payments\n\nYour State Pension will increase every week you defer, as long as you defer for at least 5 weeks.\n\nYour State Pension increases by the equivalent of 1% for every 5 weeks you defer. This works out as 10.4% for every 52 weeks.\n\nThe extra amount is paid with your regular State Pension payment.\n\nThis example assumes there is no annual increase in the State Pension. If there is an annual increase, the amount you could get could be larger.\n\n## Lump sum payment\n\nYou can get a one-off lump sum payment if you defer claiming your State Pension for at least 12 months in a row. This will include interest of 2% above the Bank of England base rate.\n\nYou\u2019ll be taxed at your current rate on your lump sum payment. For example, if you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer your lump sum will be taxed at 20%.\n\n## If you\u2019re in prison\n\nYou will not build up extra State Pension until you leave prison.\n\n## Annual increases\n\nAfter you claim your State Pension, the extra amount you get because you deferred will usually increase each year based on the Consumer Price Index. It will not increase for some people who live abroad.\n\n## Get help\n\nContact the State Pension claim line if you need help.\n\n## If you get benefits or tax credits\n\nYou cannot build up extra State Pension during any period you get:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-based)\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Incapacity Benefit\n\n- Severe Disablement Allowance\n\n- Widow\u2019s Pension\n\n- Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Unemployability Supplement\n\nYou cannot build up extra State Pension during any period your partner gets:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-related)\n\n## Higher weekly payments\n\nTaking your extra State Pension as higher weekly payments could reduce the amount you get from:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-related)\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Council Tax Reduction\n\n- tax credits\n\n## If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\nYour tax credits or Universal Credit payments may be reduced if you choose to take your extra State Pension as a lump sum.\n\n## Winter Fuel Payment\n\nYou need to claim Winter Fuel Payment if you\u2019ve deferred your State Pension. You only need to do this once.\n\n## Get help\n\nContact Jobcentre Plus if you need help to understand how your benefits could be affected.\n\n## If you move abroad\n\nIf you move to any of the countries in this list, the rules for deferring are the same as in the UK:\n\n- European Economic Area (EEA) countries\n\n- Switzerland\n\n- a country that the UK has a social security agreement with (except Canada or New Zealand)\n\nIf you move to a country that is not in the list, the extra payment you get will stay the same. It will not go up or down over time.\n\n## If you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nIf you move to a country that is not in the list, your extra payment will be based on the State Pension you\u2019re owed at whichever is later of:\n\n- the date you reach State Pension age\n\n- the date you move abroad\n\nContact the International Pension Centre if you need help working out what you could get.\n\n## Claim a deferred State Pension\n\nIf you have deferred your State Pension for a year or less, you can apply online.\n\nYou can also:\n\n- print off and post the State Pension claim form to the Pension Service\n\n- apply by phone - call the Pension Service to get a State Pension claim form posted to you\n\nSend your completed form to:\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to claim your pension from abroad, including the Channel Islands.\n\nIf you have deferred for more than a year, you need to call the Pension Service to claim.\n\nThe process is different if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Inheriting a deferred State Pension\n\nYou can usually inherit your partner\u2019s extra State Pension if all of the following apply:\n\n- your partner reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\n- you were married to, or in a civil partnership with, your partner when they died\n\n- your partner had deferred their State Pension or was claiming their deferred State Pension when they died\n\n- you did not remarry or form a new civil partnership before you reached State Pension age\n\nIf your partner died before 6 April 2010, one of the following must also apply:\n\n- you were over State Pension age when your partner died\n\n- you were under State Pension age when your partner died, you\u2019re a woman and your deceased partner was your husband\n\nYou can only receive any extra State Pension you\u2019ve inherited once you\u2019ve reached State Pension age.\n\n## If your partner died before claiming their State Pension\n\nHow you inherit your partner\u2019s extra State Pension depends on how long they deferred their pension for.\n\n## A year or more\n\nIf your partner deferred their State Pension by a year or more, you can usually choose to inherit it as a lump sum or as weekly payments. You\u2019ll get a letter with the options you can choose from.\n\n## Between 5 weeks and a year\n\nIf your partner deferred their State Pension by between 5 weeks and a year, you\u2019ll inherit it as weekly payments. You\u2019ll get these payments with your own State Pension.\n\n## Less than 5 weeks\n\nIf your partner deferred their State Pension by less than 5 weeks, their State Pension payments for those weeks will become part their estate (their total property, money and possessions).\n\n## If your partner was getting their extra State Pension before they died\n\nYou\u2019ll inherit your partner\u2019s extra State Pension as extra weekly payments. You\u2019ll get these payments with your own State Pension.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    How it works

    ", + "

    You do not get your State Pension automatically - you have to claim it. You should get a letter no later than 2 months before you reach State Pension age, telling you what to do.

    ", + "

    You can either claim your State Pension or delay (defer) claiming it.

    ", + "

    If you want to defer, you do not have to do anything. Your pension will automatically be deferred until you claim it.

    ", + "

    Deferring your State Pension could increase the payments you get when you decide to claim it. Any extra payments you get from deferring could be taxed.

    ", + "

    This guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on benefits

    ", + "

    You cannot get extra State Pension if you get certain benefits. Deferring can also affect how much you can get in benefits.

    ", + "

    You must tell the Pension Service if you\u2019re on benefits and you want to defer.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    The amount of extra State Pension you could get depends on when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    Your State Pension will increase every week you defer, as long as you defer for at least 9 weeks.

    ", + "

    Your State Pension increases by the equivalent of 1% for every 9 weeks you defer. This works out as just under 5.8% for every 52 weeks.

    ", + "

    The extra amount is paid with your regular State Pension payment.

    ", + "

    This example assumes there is no annual increase in the State Pension. If there is an annual increase, the amount you could get could be larger.

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    You can usually take your extra State Pension as either:

    ", + "
  • higher weekly payments
    • ", + "
  • a one-off lump sum
    • ", + "

    When you claim your deferred State Pension, you\u2019ll get a letter asking how you want to take your extra pension. You\u2019ll have 3 months from receiving that letter to decide.

    ", + "

    Higher weekly payments

    ", + "

    Your State Pension will increase every week you defer, as long as you defer for at least 5 weeks.

    ", + "

    Your State Pension increases by the equivalent of 1% for every 5 weeks you defer. This works out as 10.4% for every 52 weeks.

    ", + "

    The extra amount is paid with your regular State Pension payment.

    ", + "

    This example assumes there is no annual increase in the State Pension. If there is an annual increase, the amount you could get could be larger.

    ", + "

    Lump sum payment

    ", + "

    You can get a one-off lump sum payment if you defer claiming your State Pension for at least 12 months in a row. This will include interest of 2% above the Bank of England base rate.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be taxed at your current rate on your lump sum payment. For example, if you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer your lump sum will be taxed at 20%.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re in prison

    ", + "

    You will not build up extra State Pension until you leave prison.

    ", + "

    Annual increases

    ", + "

    After you claim your State Pension, the extra amount you get because you deferred will usually increase each year based on the Consumer Price Index. It will not increase for some people who live abroad.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact the State Pension claim line if you need help.

    ", + "

    If you get benefits or tax credits

    ", + "

    You cannot build up extra State Pension during any period you get:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-based)
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Carer\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Incapacity Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Severe Disablement Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Widow\u2019s Pension
    • ", + "
  • Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Unemployability Supplement
    • ", + "

    You cannot build up extra State Pension during any period your partner gets:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-related)
    • ", + "

    Higher weekly payments

    ", + "

    Taking your extra State Pension as higher weekly payments could reduce the amount you get from:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-related)
    • ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Council Tax Reduction
    • ", + "
  • tax credits
    • ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    Your tax credits or Universal Credit payments may be reduced if you choose to take your extra State Pension as a lump sum.

    ", + "

    Winter Fuel Payment

    ", + "

    You need to claim Winter Fuel Payment if you\u2019ve deferred your State Pension. You only need to do this once.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact Jobcentre Plus if you need help to understand how your benefits could be affected.

    ", + "

    If you move abroad

    ", + "

    If you move to any of the countries in this list, the rules for deferring are the same as in the UK:

    ", + "
  • European Economic Area (EEA) countries
    • ", + "
  • Switzerland
    • ", + "
  • a country that the UK has a social security agreement with (except Canada or New Zealand)
    • ", + "

    If you move to a country that is not in the list, the extra payment you get will stay the same. It will not go up or down over time.

    ", + "

    If you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    If you move to a country that is not in the list, your extra payment will be based on the State Pension you\u2019re owed at whichever is later of:

    ", + "
  • the date you reach State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • the date you move abroad
    • ", + "

    Contact the International Pension Centre if you need help working out what you could get.

    ", + "

    Claim a deferred State Pension

    ", + "

    If you have deferred your State Pension for a year or less, you can apply online.

    ", + "

    You can also:

    ", + "
  • print off and post the State Pension claim form to the Pension Service
    • ", + "
  • apply by phone - call the Pension Service to get a State Pension claim form posted to you
    • ", + "

    Send your completed form to:

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way to claim your pension from abroad, including the Channel Islands.

    ", + "

    If you have deferred for more than a year, you need to call the Pension Service to claim.

    ", + "

    The process is different if you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Inheriting a deferred State Pension

    ", + "

    You can usually inherit your partner\u2019s extra State Pension if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your partner reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • you were married to, or in a civil partnership with, your partner when they died
    • ", + "
  • your partner had deferred their State Pension or was claiming their deferred State Pension when they died
    • ", + "
  • you did not remarry or form a new civil partnership before you reached State Pension age
    • ", + "

    If your partner died before 6 April 2010, one of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you were over State Pension age when your partner died
    • ", + "
  • you were under State Pension age when your partner died, you\u2019re a woman and your deceased partner was your husband
    • ", + "

    You can only receive any extra State Pension you\u2019ve inherited once you\u2019ve reached State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If your partner died before claiming their State Pension

    ", + "

    How you inherit your partner\u2019s extra State Pension depends on how long they deferred their pension for.

    ", + "

    A year or more

    ", + "

    If your partner deferred their State Pension by a year or more, you can usually choose to inherit it as a lump sum or as weekly payments. You\u2019ll get a letter with the options you can choose from.

    ", + "

    Between 5 weeks and a year

    ", + "

    If your partner deferred their State Pension by between 5 weeks and a year, you\u2019ll inherit it as weekly payments. You\u2019ll get these payments with your own State Pension.

    ", + "

    Less than 5 weeks

    ", + "

    If your partner deferred their State Pension by less than 5 weeks, their State Pension payments for those weeks will become part their estate (their total property, money and possessions).

    ", + "

    If your partner was getting their extra State Pension before they died

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll inherit your partner\u2019s extra State Pension as extra weekly payments. You\u2019ll get these payments with your own State Pension.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/over-80-pension": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/over-80-pension", + "title": "Over 80 pension", + "content": "## Overview\n\nThe over 80 pension is a State Pension for people aged 80 or over.\n\nTo be eligible you must get either a basic State Pension of less than \u00a382.45 a week, or no basic State Pension at all.\n\nIt can give you \u00a382.45 a week in the 2021 to 2022 tax year.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nWhat you get depends on how much basic State Pension you get, if any.\n\nIf you do not get the basic State Pension or you get less than \u00a382.45 a week, you could get the difference paid up to this amount.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou cannot get the over 80 pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016.\n\nYou can claim the over 80 pension if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re 80 or over\n\n- you do not get basic State Pension or your basic State Pension is less than \u00a382.45 a week in 2021 to 2022\n\n- you were resident in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 10 years out of 20 (this does not have to be 10 years in a row) - this 20 year period must include the day before you turned 80 or any day after\n\n- you were \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Gibraltar on your 80th birthday or the date you made the claim for this pension, if later\n\nIf you live in or are moving to a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland, find out about pensions and benefits for UK nationals in the EU, EEA and Switzerland.\n\nYour eligibility for the over 80 pension is not based on National Insurance contributions.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can get a claim form from either:\n\n- your pension centre\n\n- your local Jobcentre Plus\n\nThe earliest you can claim is 3 months before your 80th birthday.\n\n## Further information\n\n## Effect on other benefits\n\nThe over 80 pension counts as taxable income, so it may affect other benefits you\u2019re getting.\n\nYou must include the over 80 pension as income if you\u2019re claiming other income related benefits.\n\n## What to do if your situation changes\n\nIf your circumstances change it could affect your eligibility.\n\nIt\u2019s important you contact the office that deals with your payments if you:\n\n- move house\n\n- change your bank account\n\n- go into (or leave) hospital or a health authority funded care home\n\n- leave the UK to live abroad, or for a long visit\n\nReport your change of situation to The Pension Service.\n\n## Who to contact if you have further questions\n\nYou can call The Pension Service if you have more questions about the over 80 pension.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    The over 80 pension is a State Pension for people aged 80 or over.

    ", + "

    To be eligible you must get either a basic State Pension of less than \u00a382.45 a week, or no basic State Pension at all.

    ", + "

    It can give you \u00a382.45 a week in the 2021 to 2022 tax year.

    ", + "

    What you'll get

    ", + "

    What you get depends on how much basic State Pension you get, if any.

    ", + "

    If you do not get the basic State Pension or you get less than \u00a382.45 a week, you could get the difference paid up to this amount.

    ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    You cannot get the over 80 pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    You can claim the over 80 pension if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 80 or over
    • ", + "
  • you do not get basic State Pension or your basic State Pension is less than \u00a382.45 a week in 2021 to 2022
    • ", + "
  • you were resident in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 10 years out of 20 (this does not have to be 10 years in a row) - this 20 year period must include the day before you turned 80 or any day after
    • ", + "
  • you were \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK, Channel Islands, Isle of Man or Gibraltar on your 80th birthday or the date you made the claim for this pension, if later
    • ", + "

    If you live in or are moving to a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland, find out about pensions and benefits for UK nationals in the EU, EEA and Switzerland.

    ", + "

    Your eligibility for the over 80 pension is not based on National Insurance contributions.

    ", + "

    How to claim

    ", + "

    You can get a claim form from either:

    ", + "
  • your pension centre
    • ", + "
  • your local Jobcentre Plus
    • ", + "

    The earliest you can claim is 3 months before your 80th birthday.

    ", + "

    Further information

    ", + "

    Effect on other benefits

    ", + "

    The over 80 pension counts as taxable income, so it may affect other benefits you\u2019re getting.

    ", + "

    You must include the over 80 pension as income if you\u2019re claiming other income related benefits.

    ", + "

    What to do if your situation changes

    ", + "

    If your circumstances change it could affect your eligibility.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s important you contact the office that deals with your payments if you:

    ", + "
  • move house
    • ", + "
  • change your bank account
    • ", + "
  • go into (or leave) hospital or a health authority funded care home
    • ", + "
  • leave the UK to live abroad, or for a long visit
    • ", + "

    Report your change of situation to The Pension Service.

    ", + "

    Who to contact if you have further questions

    ", + "

    You can call The Pension Service if you have more questions about the over 80 pension.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/early-retirement-pension": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/early-retirement-pension", + "title": "Early retirement, your pension and benefits", + "content": "## State Pension\n\nThe earliest you can get your State Pension is when you reach your State Pension age. You\u2019ll have to wait to claim your State Pension if you retire before you reach that age.\n\n## The amount you\u2019ll get\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get depends on your National Insurance record and when you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou\u2019ll claim basic State Pension and Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016.\n\nYou\u2019ll claim the new State Pension if you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016.\n\n## Personal and workplace pensions\n\nWhen you can take money from your pension pot will depend on your pension scheme\u2019s rules, but it\u2019s usually after you\u2019re 55.\n\nYou may be able to take money out before this age if either:\n\n- you\u2019re retiring early because of ill health\n\n- you had the right under the scheme you joined before 6 April 2006 to take your pension before you\u2019re 55 \u2013 ask your pension provider if you\u2019re not sure\n\nSome companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. This could be an unauthorised payment. If it\u2019s unauthorised, you pay up to 55% tax on it.\n\nThe pension pot that you build up will probably be smaller if you retire early, because it\u2019s had less time to increase in value.\n\n## Taking your pension early because of ill health\n\nYou might be able to get higher payments if you need to take your pension early because of a health condition. Check with your provider.\n\n## If your life expectancy is less than a year\n\nYou may be able to take your whole pension pot as a tax-free lump sum if all of the following apply to you:\n\n- you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness\n\n- you\u2019re under 75\n\n- you do not have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings\n\nIf you\u2019re over 75 you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the lump sum.\n\nCheck with your pension provider. Some pension funds will keep at least 50% of your pension pot for your spouse or civil partner.\n\n## Benefits\n\nThe amount of money you get from any income-related benefits could be affected if you take your pension early, such as money you get from:\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n## Benefits if you retire early because of ill health\n\nIf you retire early because of ill health you may be entitled to other benefits. Use a benefits calculator to check.\n\n## Get help\n\nPension Wise has information about how taking a personal or workplace pension early can affect your benefits.\n\nYou can also get help from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- the Money Advice Service", + "original_contents": [ + "

    State Pension

    ", + "

    The earliest you can get your State Pension is when you reach your State Pension age. You\u2019ll have to wait to claim your State Pension if you retire before you reach that age.

    ", + "

    The amount you\u2019ll get

    ", + "

    The amount you\u2019ll get depends on your National Insurance record and when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll claim basic State Pension and Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll claim the new State Pension if you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    Personal and workplace pensions

    ", + "

    When you can take money from your pension pot will depend on your pension scheme\u2019s rules, but it\u2019s usually after you\u2019re 55.

    ", + "

    You may be able to take money out before this age if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re retiring early because of ill health
    • ", + "
  • you had the right under the scheme you joined before 6 April 2006 to take your pension before you\u2019re 55 \u2013 ask your pension provider if you\u2019re not sure
    • ", + "

    Some companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. This could be an unauthorised payment. If it\u2019s unauthorised, you pay up to 55% tax on it.

    ", + "

    The pension pot that you build up will probably be smaller if you retire early, because it\u2019s had less time to increase in value.

    ", + "

    Taking your pension early because of ill health

    ", + "

    You might be able to get higher payments if you need to take your pension early because of a health condition. Check with your provider.

    ", + "

    If your life expectancy is less than a year

    ", + "

    You may be able to take your whole pension pot as a tax-free lump sum if all of the following apply to you:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 75
    • ", + "
  • you do not have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 75 you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the lump sum.

    ", + "

    Check with your pension provider. Some pension funds will keep at least 50% of your pension pot for your spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    Benefits

    ", + "

    The amount of money you get from any income-related benefits could be affected if you take your pension early, such as money you get from:

    ", + "
  • Housing Benefit
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    Benefits if you retire early because of ill health

    ", + "

    If you retire early because of ill health you may be entitled to other benefits. Use a benefits calculator to check.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Pension Wise has information about how taking a personal or workplace pension early can affect your benefits.

    ", + "

    You can also get help from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • the Money Advice Service
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/personal-pensions-your-rights": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/personal-pensions-your-rights", + "title": "Personal pensions", + "content": "## Overview\n\nPersonal pensions are pensions that you arrange yourself. They\u2019re sometimes known as defined contribution or \u2018money purchase\u2019 pensions. You\u2019ll usually get a pension that\u2019s based on how much was paid in.\n\nSome employers offer personal pensions as workplace pensions.\n\nThe money you pay into a personal pension is put into investments (such as shares) by the pension provider. The money you\u2019ll get from a personal pension usually depends on:\n\n- how much has been paid in\n\n- how the fund\u2019s investments have performed - they can go up or down\n\n- how you decide to take your money\n\n## Types of personal pension\n\nThere are different types of personal pension. They include:\n\n- stakeholder pensions - these must meet specific government requirements, for example limits on charges\n\n- self-invested personal pensions (SIPPs) - these allow you to control the specific investments that make up your pension fund\n\nYou should check that your provider is registered with the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), or the Pensions Regulator if it\u2019s a stakeholder pension.\n\n## Paying into a personal pension\n\nYou can either make regular or individual lump sum payments to a pension provider. They will send you annual statements, telling you how much your fund is worth.\n\nYou usually get tax relief on money you pay into a pension. Check with your provider that your pension scheme is registered with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - if it\u2019s not registered, you won\u2019t get tax relief.\n\n## Choosing a personal pension\n\nCitizens Advice has information about choosing a personal pension.\n\n## Independent financial advice\n\nYou can find an independent financial adviser:\n\n- from Unbiased\n\n- from the Personal Finance Society\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay for this advice.\n\n## How you can take your pension\n\nMost personal pensions set an age when you can start taking money from them. It\u2019s not normally before 55. Contact your pension provider if you\u2019re not sure when you can take your pension.\n\nYou can take up to 25% of the money built up in your pension as a tax-free lump sum. You\u2019ll then have 6 months to start taking the remaining 75%, which you\u2019ll usually pay tax on.\n\nThe options you have for taking the rest of your pension pot include:\n\n- taking all or some of it as cash\n\n- buying a product that gives give you a guaranteed income (sometimes known as an \u2018annuity\u2019) for life\n\n- investing it to get a regular, adjustable income (sometimes known as \u2018flexi-access drawdown\u2019)\n\nAsk your pension provider which options they offer (they may not offer all of them). If you don\u2019t want to take any of their options, you can transfer your pension pot to a different provider.\n\n## Taxes and charges\n\nYour pension provider will take off any tax you owe before you get money from your pension pot.\n\nYou might have to pay a higher rate of tax if you take large amounts from your pension pot. You could also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.\n\nYour pension provider might charge you for withdrawing cash from your pension pot - check with them about this.\n\n## Get regular payments from an annuity\n\nYou might be able to buy an annuity from an insurance company that gives you regular payments for life. You can ask your pension provider to pay for it out of your pension pot.\n\nThe amount you get can vary. It depends on how long the insurance company expects you to live and how many years they\u2019ll have to pay you. When they calculate the amount they should take into account:\n\n- your age and gender\n\n- the size of your pension pot\n\n- interest rates\n\n- your health (sometimes)\n\nThere are different kinds of annuities. Some are for a fixed time (for example, payments for 10 years instead of your lifetime) and some continue paying your spouse or partner after you die.\n\nYou don\u2019t have to buy your annuity from your pension provider.\n\n## Invest the money in a drawdown fund\n\nYou may be able to ask your pension provider to invest your pension pot in a flexi-access drawdown fund.\n\nFrom a flexi-access drawdown fund you can:\n\n- make withdrawals\n\n- buy a short-term annuity - this will give you regular payments for up to 5 years\n\n- pay in - but you\u2019ll pay tax on contributions over \u00a34,000 a year\n\n## Keeping your capped drawdown fund\n\nIf you have a \u2018capped drawdown\u2019 fund and want to keep it, your money will stay invested.\n\nYou can keep withdrawing and paying in. Your pension provider sets a maximum amount you can take out every year. This limit will be reviewed every 3 years until you turn 75, then every year after that.\n\n## Withdraw cash from your pension pot\n\nYou may be able to take cash directly from your pension pot. You could:\n\n- withdraw your whole pension pot\n\n- withdraw smaller cash sums\n\n- pay in - but you\u2019ll pay tax on contributions over \u00a34,000 a year\n\n## When you can\u2019t withdraw cash\n\nYou can\u2019t take smaller cash sums if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve already saved \u00a31,073,100 in pension schemes over your lifetime (your lifetime allowance)\n\n- you have some type of lifetime allowance protection\n\n- you\u2019re under 75, and the sums you want to withdraw are bigger than the amount of lifetime allowance you have left\n\n## Get help\n\nContact your pension provider first if you need help with a personal pension.\n\nIf they can\u2019t help, you can get free and impartial information from The Pensions Advisory Service (they don\u2019t provide financial advice).\n\n## Financial advice\n\nYou can find a financial adviser if you want advice. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for their services.\n\n## If you\u2019re over 50\n\nPension Wise has information about your pension options. If you\u2019re over 50 you can book a free appointment to talk about your options. Pension Wise doesn\u2019t cover the State Pension, \u2018final salary\u2019 or \u2018career average\u2019 pensions.\n\n## State Pension\n\nFor help with your State Pension contact the Pension Service.\n\n## Complaints\n\nIf you have a complaint about how your pension scheme is run, talk to your pension provider first. They have to respond within 8 weeks.\n\nYou can also contact the Pensions Ombudsman if you\u2019re concerned about how a pension scheme is run.\n\n## Complain about marketing\n\nYou can get help from the Pensions Advisory Service or complain to the Financial Ombudsman\u2019s Service about how a pension scheme has been marketed to you.\n\n## If your provider has broken the law\n\nIf you think your pension provider has broken the law, you can complain to:\n\n- the Pensions Regulator for workplace pensions\n\n- the Financial Conduct Authority for personal and stakeholder pensions\n\n## If your provider goes bust\n\nIf the pension provider was authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority and can\u2019t pay, you might get compensation from the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS).", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Personal pensions are pensions that you arrange yourself. They\u2019re sometimes known as defined contribution or \u2018money purchase\u2019 pensions. You\u2019ll usually get a pension that\u2019s based on how much was paid in.

    ", + "

    Some employers offer personal pensions as workplace pensions.

    ", + "

    The money you pay into a personal pension is put into investments (such as shares) by the pension provider. The money you\u2019ll get from a personal pension usually depends on:

    ", + "
  • how much has been paid in
    • ", + "
  • how the fund\u2019s investments have performed - they can go up or down
    • ", + "
  • how you decide to take your money
    • ", + "

    Types of personal pension

    ", + "

    There are different types of personal pension. They include:

    ", + "
  • stakeholder pensions - these must meet specific government requirements, for example limits on charges
    • ", + "
  • self-invested personal pensions (SIPPs) - these allow you to control the specific investments that make up your pension fund
    • ", + "

    You should check that your provider is registered with the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), or the Pensions Regulator if it\u2019s a stakeholder pension.

    ", + "

    Paying into a personal pension

    ", + "

    You can either make regular or individual lump sum payments to a pension provider. They will send you annual statements, telling you how much your fund is worth.

    ", + "

    You usually get tax relief on money you pay into a pension. Check with your provider that your pension scheme is registered with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - if it\u2019s not registered, you won\u2019t get tax relief.

    ", + "

    Choosing a personal pension

    ", + "

    Citizens Advice has information about choosing a personal pension.

    ", + "

    Independent financial advice

    ", + "

    You can find an independent financial adviser:

    ", + "
  • from Unbiased
    • ", + "
  • from the Personal Finance Society
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay for this advice.

    ", + "

    How you can take your pension

    ", + "

    Most personal pensions set an age when you can start taking money from them. It\u2019s not normally before 55. Contact your pension provider if you\u2019re not sure when you can take your pension.

    ", + "

    You can take up to 25% of the money built up in your pension as a tax-free lump sum. You\u2019ll then have 6 months to start taking the remaining 75%, which you\u2019ll usually pay tax on.

    ", + "

    The options you have for taking the rest of your pension pot include:

    ", + "
  • taking all or some of it as cash
    • ", + "
  • buying a product that gives give you a guaranteed income (sometimes known as an \u2018annuity\u2019) for life
    • ", + "
  • investing it to get a regular, adjustable income (sometimes known as \u2018flexi-access drawdown\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Ask your pension provider which options they offer (they may not offer all of them). If you don\u2019t want to take any of their options, you can transfer your pension pot to a different provider.

    ", + "

    Taxes and charges

    ", + "

    Your pension provider will take off any tax you owe before you get money from your pension pot.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay a higher rate of tax if you take large amounts from your pension pot. You could also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    Your pension provider might charge you for withdrawing cash from your pension pot - check with them about this.

    ", + "

    Get regular payments from an annuity

    ", + "

    You might be able to buy an annuity from an insurance company that gives you regular payments for life. You can ask your pension provider to pay for it out of your pension pot.

    ", + "

    The amount you get can vary. It depends on how long the insurance company expects you to live and how many years they\u2019ll have to pay you. When they calculate the amount they should take into account:

    ", + "
  • your age and gender
    • ", + "
  • the size of your pension pot
    • ", + "
  • interest rates
    • ", + "
  • your health (sometimes)
    • ", + "

    There are different kinds of annuities. Some are for a fixed time (for example, payments for 10 years instead of your lifetime) and some continue paying your spouse or partner after you die.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to buy your annuity from your pension provider.

    ", + "

    Invest the money in a drawdown fund

    ", + "

    You may be able to ask your pension provider to invest your pension pot in a flexi-access drawdown fund.

    ", + "

    From a flexi-access drawdown fund you can:

    ", + "
  • make withdrawals
    • ", + "
  • buy a short-term annuity - this will give you regular payments for up to 5 years
    • ", + "
  • pay in - but you\u2019ll pay tax on contributions over \u00a34,000 a year
    • ", + "

    Keeping your capped drawdown fund

    ", + "

    If you have a \u2018capped drawdown\u2019 fund and want to keep it, your money will stay invested.

    ", + "

    You can keep withdrawing and paying in. Your pension provider sets a maximum amount you can take out every year. This limit will be reviewed every 3 years until you turn 75, then every year after that.

    ", + "

    Withdraw cash from your pension pot

    ", + "

    You may be able to take cash directly from your pension pot. You could:

    ", + "
  • withdraw your whole pension pot
    • ", + "
  • withdraw smaller cash sums
    • ", + "
  • pay in - but you\u2019ll pay tax on contributions over \u00a34,000 a year
    • ", + "

    When you can\u2019t withdraw cash

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t take smaller cash sums if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve already saved \u00a31,073,100 in pension schemes over your lifetime (your lifetime allowance)
    • ", + "
  • you have some type of lifetime allowance protection
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 75, and the sums you want to withdraw are bigger than the amount of lifetime allowance you have left
    • ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    Contact your pension provider first if you need help with a personal pension.

    ", + "

    If they can\u2019t help, you can get free and impartial information from The Pensions Advisory Service (they don\u2019t provide financial advice).

    ", + "

    Financial advice

    ", + "

    You can find a financial adviser if you want advice. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for their services.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 50

    ", + "

    Pension Wise has information about your pension options. If you\u2019re over 50 you can book a free appointment to talk about your options. Pension Wise doesn\u2019t cover the State Pension, \u2018final salary\u2019 or \u2018career average\u2019 pensions.

    ", + "

    State Pension

    ", + "

    For help with your State Pension contact the Pension Service.

    ", + "

    Complaints

    ", + "

    If you have a complaint about how your pension scheme is run, talk to your pension provider first. They have to respond within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the Pensions Ombudsman if you\u2019re concerned about how a pension scheme is run.

    ", + "

    Complain about marketing

    ", + "

    You can get help from the Pensions Advisory Service or complain to the Financial Ombudsman\u2019s Service about how a pension scheme has been marketed to you.

    ", + "

    If your provider has broken the law

    ", + "

    If you think your pension provider has broken the law, you can complain to:

    ", + "
  • the Pensions Regulator for workplace pensions
    • ", + "
  • the Financial Conduct Authority for personal and stakeholder pensions
    • ", + "

    If your provider goes bust

    ", + "

    If the pension provider was authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority and can\u2019t pay, you might get compensation from the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS).

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/plan-retirement-income": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/plan-retirement-income", + "title": "Plan your retirement income", + "content": "## Overview\n\nA pension is a way to save money for later in your life.\n\nYou may be able to get:\n\n- a pension from the government (\u2018State Pension\u2019)\n\n- money from pension schemes you or your employer pay into\n\nYou might need more money than just the State Pension when you retire.\n\nFind out how much State Pension you could get (your forecast) and when you can get it.\n\nUse the Money Advice Service\u2019s pension calculator to get an estimate of your income when you retire and the ways you can increase it.\n\n## Your pension options\n\nYou can pay into as many pension schemes as you want. It depends on how much money you can set aside.\n\nYou usually get tax relief up to certain limits on money you pay into a pension scheme.\n\n## Private pension schemes\n\n| | What it is |\n\n| Workplace pensions | Arranged by your employer. Usually both you and your employer pay into it. What you get depends on the type of scheme your employer offers. |\n\n| Personal and stakeholder pensions | A private pension that you pay into. Employers can also pay into them as a workplace pension scheme. What you get depends on how much is paid in and how well the investment does. |\n\n## State Pension from the government\n\n## If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\n| | What it is |\n\n| Basic State Pension | The basic State Pension is a regular payment you can get from the government when you reach State Pension age. The amount you get depends on your National Insurance contributions and credits. The maximum you get is \u00a3137.60 per week. |\n\n| Additional State Pension | An extra amount on top of your State Pension. Not a fixed amount. How much you get depends on your earnings and whether you claim certain benefits. |\n\n| Pension Credit | For people on a low income. Tops up your weekly income to \u00a3177.10 (single people) or \u00a3270.30 (couples). You may get more if you\u2019re a carer, are severely disabled, have responsibility for a child, or have certain housing costs. |\n\n## If you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\n| | What it is |\n\n| New State Pension | The new State Pension is a regular payment you can get from the government if you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. The amount you get depends on your National Insurance contributions and credits. The full new State Pension is \u00a3179.60 per week. |\n\n| Protected payment | Any amount over the full new State Pension (\u00a3179.60) that you get from your National Insurance contributions or credits from before 6 April 2016 is protected. It will be paid on top of the full new State Pension. |\n\n| Pension Credit | For people on a low income. Tops up your weekly income to \u00a3177.10 (single people) or \u00a3270.30 (couples). You may get more if you\u2019re a carer, are severely disabled, have responsibility for a child, or have certain housing costs. |\n\n## Private pension schemes\n\nWorkplace pensions and personal or stakeholder pensions are a way of making sure you have money on top of your State Pension.\n\nFor most workplace and personal pensions, how much you get depends on:\n\n- the amount you\u2019ve paid in\n\n- how well the pension fund\u2019s investments have done\n\n- your age - and sometimes your health - when you start taking your pension pot\n\n## Workplace pensions\n\nYour employer must automatically enrol you in a workplace pension scheme if you\u2019re over 22 and under State Pension age, and earn more than \u00a310,000 a year.\n\nIf you have a workplace pension your employer can make contributions on top of what you pay.\n\nYou may also be able to make extra payments to boost your pension pot.\n\nWorkplace pensions are protected against risks.\n\n## Personal and stakeholder pensions\n\nYou may want a personal or stakeholder pension:\n\n- to save extra money for later in life\n\n- to top up your workplace pension\n\n- if you\u2019re self-employed and do not have a workplace pension\n\n- if you\u2019re not working but can afford to pay into a pension scheme\n\nSome employers offer stakeholder or private pensions as workplace pensions.\n\nStakeholder pensions must meet standards set by the government.\n\n## Find a lost pension\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service might be able to trace lost pensions that you\u2019ve paid into.\n\n## Nominate someone to get your pension when you die\n\nAsk your pension provider if you can nominate someone to get money from your pension pot after you die.\n\nCheck your scheme\u2019s rules about:\n\n- who you can nominate - some payments can only go to a dependant, for example your husband, wife, civil partner or child under 23\n\n- what the person can get, for example regular payments or lump sums\n\n- whether anything can change what the person gets, for example when and how you start taking your pension pot, or the age you die\n\nSometimes the pension provider can pay the money to someone else, for example if the person you nominated cannot be found or has died.\n\nThe person you nominate may have to pay tax if they get money from your pension pot after you die.\n\n## Pensions from the government\n\nThe pension you get from the government (\u2018State Pension\u2019) is based on your National Insurance record when you reach State Pension age.\n\n## You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\nYou need 30 years\u2019 worth of National Insurance contributions to get the full basic State Pension. You may also qualify for some Additional State Pension.\n\n## You reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nThe amount of new State Pension you\u2019ll get depends on your National Insurance record. National Insurance contributions or credits made before and after 6 April 2016 can count towards your new State Pension.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need at least 10 qualifying years of National Insurance contributions or credits to qualify for any State Pension.\n\nFind out how much State Pension you could get and when you can get it. You can also find out how you might be able to increase the amount you get.\n\n## Getting more State Pension\n\n## Deferring your pension\n\nWhen you reach State Pension age you have the option to defer your State Pension (delay payments). By doing this you\u2019ll get more money for every year you defer.\n\n## Pension Credit\n\nPension Credit is for older people on a low income to make sure they get a minimum weekly amount. You\u2019ll have to apply and all your sources of income (for example savings) will be checked to make sure you qualify.\nGetting Pension Credit may mean you\u2019re eligible for other benefits too.\n\n## You\u2019re over 80\n\nPeople over 80 with little or no State Pension can apply for a payment of \u00a382.45 per week from the government through the over 80 Pension. You cannot get the over 80 pension if you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016.\n\n## Working past State Pension age\n\nYou might decide that you do not want to stop working when you reach State Pension age.\n\nIf you do, you\u2019ll no longer have to pay National Insurance.\n\nThe law protects you against discrimination if you\u2019re over State Pension age and want to stay in your job or get a new one.\n\n## Staying in your job\n\nThere is no official retirement age and you usually have the right to work as long as you want to.\n\nThere are some circumstances when employers may have the right to set a compulsory retirement age that they choose.\n\nYour employer cannot make you redundant because of your age.\n\n## Getting a new job\n\nYou do not have to give your date of birth when applying for a new job. Employers cannot make you give this information if you do not want to.\n\nEmployers also can not set an age limit for a job, unless they can justify it (for example because of certain physical abilities) or it\u2019s a limit set by law, for example for the fire service.\n\nYou can request flexible working at any age.\n\n## Get help\n\nWhen planning your pension and retirement income you might need help with:\n\n- choosing a personal or stakeholder pension\n\n- planning your savings\n\n- choosing how you want to get your retirement income\n\n- delaying your State Pension payments (deferring)\n\n## Where to get help\n\nYou can get free guidance on your retirement savings options from:\n\n- Money Advice Service\n\n- Pension Advisory Service\n\nPension Wise has information to help you decide what to do with your money if it\u2019s in a \u2018defined contribution\u2019 pension. If you\u2019re over 50, you can book an appointment to speak to someone.\n\n## Paying for financial advice\n\nYou can find an independent financial adviser:\n\n- on the Unbiased website\n\n- from the Personal Finance Society\n\nIf you\u2019re paying into a pension scheme, you can ask your pension provider about taking out up to \u00a3500 to pay for financial advice on retirement. You can do this once a year up to 3 times without a tax charge. Not all pension schemes provide this.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    A pension is a way to save money for later in your life.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get:

    ", + "
  • a pension from the government (\u2018State Pension\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • money from pension schemes you or your employer pay into
    • ", + "

    You might need more money than just the State Pension when you retire.

    ", + "

    Find out how much State Pension you could get (your forecast) and when you can get it.

    ", + "

    Use the Money Advice Service\u2019s pension calculator to get an estimate of your income when you retire and the ways you can increase it.

    ", + "

    Your pension options

    ", + "

    You can pay into as many pension schemes as you want. It depends on how much money you can set aside.

    ", + "

    You usually get tax relief up to certain limits on money you pay into a pension scheme.

    ", + "

    Private pension schemes

    ", + " | What it is", + "Workplace pensions | Arranged by your employer. Usually both you and your employer pay into it. What you get depends on the type of scheme your employer offers.", + "Personal and stakeholder pensions | A private pension that you pay into. Employers can also pay into them as a workplace pension scheme. What you get depends on how much is paid in and how well the investment does.", + "

    State Pension from the government

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016

    ", + " | What it is", + "Basic State Pension | The basic State Pension is a regular payment you can get from the government when you reach State Pension age. The amount you get depends on your National Insurance contributions and credits. The maximum you get is \u00a3137.60 per week.", + "Additional State Pension | An extra amount on top of your State Pension. Not a fixed amount. How much you get depends on your earnings and whether you claim certain benefits.", + "Pension Credit | For people on a low income. Tops up your weekly income to \u00a3177.10 (single people) or \u00a3270.30 (couples). You may get more if you\u2019re a carer, are severely disabled, have responsibility for a child, or have certain housing costs.", + "

    If you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + " | What it is", + "New State Pension | The new State Pension is a regular payment you can get from the government if you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. The amount you get depends on your National Insurance contributions and credits. The full new State Pension is \u00a3179.60 per week.", + "Protected payment | Any amount over the full new State Pension (\u00a3179.60) that you get from your National Insurance contributions or credits from before 6 April 2016 is protected. It will be paid on top of the full new State Pension.", + "Pension Credit | For people on a low income. Tops up your weekly income to \u00a3177.10 (single people) or \u00a3270.30 (couples). You may get more if you\u2019re a carer, are severely disabled, have responsibility for a child, or have certain housing costs.", + "

    Private pension schemes

    ", + "

    Workplace pensions and personal or stakeholder pensions are a way of making sure you have money on top of your State Pension.

    ", + "

    For most workplace and personal pensions, how much you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • the amount you\u2019ve paid in
    • ", + "
  • how well the pension fund\u2019s investments have done
    • ", + "
  • your age - and sometimes your health - when you start taking your pension pot
    • ", + "

    Workplace pensions

    ", + "

    Your employer must automatically enrol you in a workplace pension scheme if you\u2019re over 22 and under State Pension age, and earn more than \u00a310,000 a year.

    ", + "

    If you have a workplace pension your employer can make contributions on top of what you pay.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to make extra payments to boost your pension pot.

    ", + "

    Workplace pensions are protected against risks.

    ", + "

    Personal and stakeholder pensions

    ", + "

    You may want a personal or stakeholder pension:

    ", + "
  • to save extra money for later in life
    • ", + "
  • to top up your workplace pension
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re self-employed and do not have a workplace pension
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re not working but can afford to pay into a pension scheme
    • ", + "

    Some employers offer stakeholder or private pensions as workplace pensions.

    ", + "

    Stakeholder pensions must meet standards set by the government.

    ", + "

    Find a lost pension

    ", + "

    The Pension Tracing Service might be able to trace lost pensions that you\u2019ve paid into.

    ", + "

    Nominate someone to get your pension when you die

    ", + "

    Ask your pension provider if you can nominate someone to get money from your pension pot after you die.

    ", + "

    Check your scheme\u2019s rules about:

    ", + "
  • who you can nominate - some payments can only go to a dependant, for example your husband, wife, civil partner or child under 23
    • ", + "
  • what the person can get, for example regular payments or lump sums
    • ", + "
  • whether anything can change what the person gets, for example when and how you start taking your pension pot, or the age you die
    • ", + "

    Sometimes the pension provider can pay the money to someone else, for example if the person you nominated cannot be found or has died.

    ", + "

    The person you nominate may have to pay tax if they get money from your pension pot after you die.

    ", + "

    Pensions from the government

    ", + "

    The pension you get from the government (\u2018State Pension\u2019) is based on your National Insurance record when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    You need 30 years\u2019 worth of National Insurance contributions to get the full basic State Pension. You may also qualify for some Additional State Pension.

    ", + "

    You reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    The amount of new State Pension you\u2019ll get depends on your National Insurance record. National Insurance contributions or credits made before and after 6 April 2016 can count towards your new State Pension.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need at least 10 qualifying years of National Insurance contributions or credits to qualify for any State Pension.

    ", + "

    Find out how much State Pension you could get and when you can get it. You can also find out how you might be able to increase the amount you get.

    ", + "

    Getting more State Pension

    ", + "

    Deferring your pension

    ", + "

    When you reach State Pension age you have the option to defer your State Pension (delay payments). By doing this you\u2019ll get more money for every year you defer.

    ", + "

    Pension Credit

    ", + "

    Pension Credit is for older people on a low income to make sure they get a minimum weekly amount. You\u2019ll have to apply and all your sources of income (for example savings) will be checked to make sure you qualify.\nGetting Pension Credit may mean you\u2019re eligible for other benefits too.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re over 80

    ", + "

    People over 80 with little or no State Pension can apply for a payment of \u00a382.45 per week from the government through the over 80 Pension. You cannot get the over 80 pension if you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016.

    ", + "

    Working past State Pension age

    ", + "

    You might decide that you do not want to stop working when you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you do, you\u2019ll no longer have to pay National Insurance.

    ", + "

    The law protects you against discrimination if you\u2019re over State Pension age and want to stay in your job or get a new one.

    ", + "

    Staying in your job

    ", + "

    There is no official retirement age and you usually have the right to work as long as you want to.

    ", + "

    There are some circumstances when employers may have the right to set a compulsory retirement age that they choose.

    ", + "

    Your employer cannot make you redundant because of your age.

    ", + "

    Getting a new job

    ", + "

    You do not have to give your date of birth when applying for a new job. Employers cannot make you give this information if you do not want to.

    ", + "

    Employers also can not set an age limit for a job, unless they can justify it (for example because of certain physical abilities) or it\u2019s a limit set by law, for example for the fire service.

    ", + "

    You can request flexible working at any age.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    When planning your pension and retirement income you might need help with:

    ", + "
  • choosing a personal or stakeholder pension
    • ", + "
  • planning your savings
    • ", + "
  • choosing how you want to get your retirement income
    • ", + "
  • delaying your State Pension payments (deferring)
    • ", + "

    Where to get help

    ", + "

    You can get free guidance on your retirement savings options from:

    ", + "
  • Money Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • Pension Advisory Service
    • ", + "

    Pension Wise has information to help you decide what to do with your money if it\u2019s in a \u2018defined contribution\u2019 pension. If you\u2019re over 50, you can book an appointment to speak to someone.

    ", + "

    Paying for financial advice

    ", + "

    You can find an independent financial adviser:

    ", + "
  • on the Unbiased website
    • ", + "
  • from the Personal Finance Society
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying into a pension scheme, you can ask your pension provider about taking out up to \u00a3500 to pay for financial advice on retirement. You can do this once a year up to 3 times without a tax charge. Not all pension schemes provide this.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/transferring-your-pension": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transferring-your-pension", + "title": "Transferring your pension", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou may want to move some or all of your pension fund (sometimes called a \u2018pension pot\u2019) if:\n\n- you\u2019re changing job\n\n- your pension scheme is being closed or wound up\n\n- you want to transfer to a better pension scheme\n\n- you have pensions from more than one employer and want to bring them together\n\n- you\u2019re moving overseas and want to move your pension to a scheme in that country\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nYou can get free, impartial information about transferring your pension from:\n\n- the Money Advice Service\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\nYou can also get impartial advice about workplace pensions from an independent financial adviser. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for the advice.\n\n## If you\u2019re concerned about a pension scam\n\nContact Action Fraud if you\u2019re transferring a pension and are concerned about a scam.\n\nYou can also report a pension scam online to Action Fraud.\n\n## Transferring to a UK pension scheme\n\nYou can transfer your UK pension pot to another registered UK pension scheme.\n\nYou can also use it to buy a \u2018deferred annuity contract\u2019 - an agreement that gives you a guaranteed income in the future.\n\nTransferring your pension pot anywhere else - or taking it as an unauthorised lump sum - will be an \u2018unauthorised payment\u2019 and you\u2019ll have to pay tax on the transfer.\n\n## Before you make a transfer\n\nContact your current pension provider and the provider you want to transfer to. You\u2019ll need to check if:\n\n- your existing pension scheme allows you to transfer some or all of your pension pot\n\n- the scheme that you wish to transfer into will accept the transfer\n\nGet help and advice including if you\u2019re concerned about a pension scam.\n\nIf you transfer your pension, you may:\n\n- have to make payments to the new scheme\n\n- have to pay a fee to make the transfer\n\n- lose any right you had to take your pension at a certain age\n\n- lose any fixed or enhanced protection you have when you transfer\n\n- lose any right you had to take a tax free lump sum of more than 25% of your pension pot\n\nYour pension providers can tell you whether any of these will apply.\n\n## Transferring to an overseas pension scheme\n\nYou may be able to transfer your UK pension savings to an overseas pension scheme.\n\nGet help and advice including if you\u2019re concerned about a pension scam.\n\n## Schemes you can transfer to\n\nThe overseas scheme you want to transfer your pension savings to must be a \u2018qualifying recognised overseas pension scheme\u2019 (QROPS). It\u2019s up to you to check this with the overseas scheme or your UK pension provider or adviser.\n\nIf it\u2019s not a QROPS, your UK pension scheme may refuse to make the transfer, or you\u2019ll have to pay at least 40% tax on the transfer.\n\n## Tax when you transfer to a QROPS\n\nWhether you pay tax depends on where the QROPS you transfer to is based. It\u2019s your responsibility to find out where this is.\n\nYou do not have to pay any tax if you asked for a transfer to a QROPS before 9 March 2017.\n\nYou usually do not pay tax if you transfer to a QROPS provided by your employer. Check with the scheme to find out.\n\n## You transfer to a QROPS based in the European Economic Area (EEA) or Gibraltar\n\nYou pay 25% tax if you either:\n\n- live outside the UK, Gibraltar or the EEA\n\n- move to live outside the UK, Gibraltar or the EEA within 5 years\n\nOtherwise you do not pay tax.\n\nYou can get tax refunded if you move to the UK, Gibraltar or an EEA country within 5 years of the transfer. To claim, tell your UK scheme\u2019s administrator and your overseas scheme manager you\u2019ve moved using form APSS 241. They\u2019ll put the tax refund back into the pension it was taken from.\n\n## You transfer to a QROPS based outside the UK, Gibraltar or the EEA\n\nYou do not have to pay tax if you live in the country your QROPS is based in. Otherwise you\u2019ll have to pay 25% tax.\n\nIf you move countries within 5 years of the transfer, fill in form APSS 241 and give it to your scheme administrator. You\u2019ll:\n\n- get a refund if you\u2019ve moved to the country your QROPS is based in\n\n- have to pay 25% tax on your transfer if you\u2019ve moved away from the country your QROPS is based in\n\n## How to transfer\n\nForm APSS 263 tells you what information you\u2019ll need to provide before making a transfer.\n\nDownload and fill in the form and give it to your UK pension scheme administrator.\n\nYour transfer will be taxed at 25% if you do not provide all the information the form asks for within 60 days of requesting the transfer.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 75, your UK pension scheme administrator will work out what percentage of your lifetime allowance is used by the transfer.\n\nThey\u2019ll tell you if the amount you\u2019re transferring is more than your allowance and if you\u2019ll be taxed on it.\n\n## Payments from an overseas pension\n\nYou may have to pay UK tax on some payments from your overseas scheme. This depends on when you were a UK resident.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You may want to move some or all of your pension fund (sometimes called a \u2018pension pot\u2019) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re changing job
    • ", + "
  • your pension scheme is being closed or wound up
    • ", + "
  • you want to transfer to a better pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • you have pensions from more than one employer and want to bring them together
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re moving overseas and want to move your pension to a scheme in that country
    • ", + "

    Get help and advice

    ", + "

    You can get free, impartial information about transferring your pension from:

    ", + "
  • the Money Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • the Pensions Advisory Service
    • ", + "

    You can also get impartial advice about workplace pensions from an independent financial adviser. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for the advice.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re concerned about a pension scam

    ", + "

    Contact Action Fraud if you\u2019re transferring a pension and are concerned about a scam.

    ", + "

    You can also report a pension scam online to Action Fraud.

    ", + "

    Transferring to a UK pension scheme

    ", + "

    You can transfer your UK pension pot to another registered UK pension scheme.

    ", + "

    You can also use it to buy a \u2018deferred annuity contract\u2019 - an agreement that gives you a guaranteed income in the future.

    ", + "

    Transferring your pension pot anywhere else - or taking it as an unauthorised lump sum - will be an \u2018unauthorised payment\u2019 and you\u2019ll have to pay tax on the transfer.

    ", + "

    Before you make a transfer

    ", + "

    Contact your current pension provider and the provider you want to transfer to. You\u2019ll need to check if:

    ", + "
  • your existing pension scheme allows you to transfer some or all of your pension pot
    • ", + "
  • the scheme that you wish to transfer into will accept the transfer
    • ", + "

    Get help and advice including if you\u2019re concerned about a pension scam.

    ", + "

    If you transfer your pension, you may:

    ", + "
  • have to make payments to the new scheme
    • ", + "
  • have to pay a fee to make the transfer
    • ", + "
  • lose any right you had to take your pension at a certain age
    • ", + "
  • lose any fixed or enhanced protection you have when you transfer
    • ", + "
  • lose any right you had to take a tax free lump sum of more than 25% of your pension pot
    • ", + "

    Your pension providers can tell you whether any of these will apply.

    ", + "

    Transferring to an overseas pension scheme

    ", + "

    You may be able to transfer your UK pension savings to an overseas pension scheme.

    ", + "

    Get help and advice including if you\u2019re concerned about a pension scam.

    ", + "

    Schemes you can transfer to

    ", + "

    The overseas scheme you want to transfer your pension savings to must be a \u2018qualifying recognised overseas pension scheme\u2019 (QROPS). It\u2019s up to you to check this with the overseas scheme or your UK pension provider or adviser.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s not a QROPS, your UK pension scheme may refuse to make the transfer, or you\u2019ll have to pay at least 40% tax on the transfer.

    ", + "

    Tax when you transfer to a QROPS

    ", + "

    Whether you pay tax depends on where the QROPS you transfer to is based. It\u2019s your responsibility to find out where this is.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay any tax if you asked for a transfer to a QROPS before 9 March 2017.

    ", + "

    You usually do not pay tax if you transfer to a QROPS provided by your employer. Check with the scheme to find out.

    ", + "

    You transfer to a QROPS based in the European Economic Area (EEA) or Gibraltar

    ", + "

    You pay 25% tax if you either:

    ", + "
  • live outside the UK, Gibraltar or the EEA
    • ", + "
  • move to live outside the UK, Gibraltar or the EEA within 5 years
    • ", + "

    Otherwise you do not pay tax.

    ", + "

    You can get tax refunded if you move to the UK, Gibraltar or an EEA country within 5 years of the transfer. To claim, tell your UK scheme\u2019s administrator and your overseas scheme manager you\u2019ve moved using form APSS 241. They\u2019ll put the tax refund back into the pension it was taken from.

    ", + "

    You transfer to a QROPS based outside the UK, Gibraltar or the EEA

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay tax if you live in the country your QROPS is based in. Otherwise you\u2019ll have to pay 25% tax.

    ", + "

    If you move countries within 5 years of the transfer, fill in form APSS 241 and give it to your scheme administrator. You\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • get a refund if you\u2019ve moved to the country your QROPS is based in
    • ", + "
  • have to pay 25% tax on your transfer if you\u2019ve moved away from the country your QROPS is based in
    • ", + "

    How to transfer

    ", + "

    Form APSS 263 tells you what information you\u2019ll need to provide before making a transfer.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the form and give it to your UK pension scheme administrator.

    ", + "

    Your transfer will be taxed at 25% if you do not provide all the information the form asks for within 60 days of requesting the transfer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 75, your UK pension scheme administrator will work out what percentage of your lifetime allowance is used by the transfer.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll tell you if the amount you\u2019re transferring is more than your allowance and if you\u2019ll be taxed on it.

    ", + "

    Payments from an overseas pension

    ", + "

    You may have to pay UK tax on some payments from your overseas scheme. This depends on when you were a UK resident.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "title": "Workplace pensions", + "content": "## About workplace pensions\n\nA workplace pension is a way of saving for your retirement that\u2019s arranged by your employer.\n\nSome workplace pensions are called \u2018occupational\u2019, \u2018works\u2019, \u2018company\u2019 or \u2018work-based\u2019 pensions.\n\n## How they work\n\nA percentage of your pay is put into the pension scheme automatically every payday.\n\nIn most cases, your employer also adds money into the pension scheme for you. You may also get tax relief from the government.\n\n## Joining a workplace pension\n\nAll employers must provide a workplace pension scheme. This is called \u2018automatic enrolment\u2019.\n\nYour employer must automatically enrol you into a pension scheme and make contributions to your pension if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re classed as a \u2018worker\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re aged between 22 and State Pension age\n\n- you earn at least \u00a310,000 per year\n\n- you usually (\u2018ordinarily\u2019) work in the UK (read the detailed guidance if you\u2019re not sure)\n\n## When your employer does not have to automatically enrol you\n\nYour employer usually does not have to automatically enrol you if you do not meet the previous criteria or if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve already given notice to your employer that you\u2019re leaving your job, or they\u2019ve given you notice\n\n- you have evidence of your lifetime allowance protection (for example, a certificate from HMRC)\n\n- you\u2019ve already taken a pension that meets the automatic enrolment rules and your employer arranged it\n\n- you get a one-off payment from a workplace pension scheme that\u2019s closed (a \u2018winding up lump sum\u2019), and then leave and rejoin the same job within 12 months of getting the payment\n\n- more than 12 months before your staging date, you left (\u2018opted out\u2019) of a pension arranged through your employer\n\n- you\u2019re from an EU member state and are in a EU cross-border pension scheme\n\n- you\u2019re in a limited liability partnership\n\n- you\u2019re a director without an employment contract and employ at least one other person in your company\n\nYou can usually still join their pension if you want to. Your employer cannot refuse.\n\n## If your income is low\n\nYour employer does not have to contribute to your pension if you earn these amounts or less:\n\n- \u00a3520 a month\n\n- \u00a3120 a week\n\n- \u00a3480 over 4 weeks\n\n## What happens when you\u2019re automatically enrolled\n\nYour employer must write to you when you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled into their workplace pension scheme. They must tell you:\n\n- the date they added you to the pension scheme\n\n- the type of pension scheme and who runs it\n\n- how much they\u2019ll contribute and how much you\u2019ll have to pay in\n\n- how to leave the scheme, if you want to\n\n- how tax relief applies to you\n\n## Delaying your enrolment date\n\nYour employer can delay the date they must enrol you into a pension scheme by up to 3 months.\n\nIn some cases they may be able to delay longer if they\u2019ve chosen either:\n\n- a \u2018defined benefit\u2019 pension\n\n- a \u2018hybrid\u2019 pension (a mixture of defined benefit and defined contribution pensions) that allows you to take a defined benefit pension\n\nYour employer must:\n\n- tell you about the delay in writing\n\n- let you join in the meantime if you ask to\n\n## What your employer cannot do\n\nYour employer cannot:\n\n- unfairly dismiss or discriminate against you for being in a workplace pension scheme\n\n- encourage or force you to opt out\n\n## What you, your employer and the government pay\n\nThe amount you and your employer pay towards the pension depends on:\n\n- what type of workplace pension scheme you\u2019re in\n\n- whether you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled in a workplace pension or you\u2019ve joined one voluntarily (\u2018opted in\u2019)\n\nUse the Money Advice Service\u2019s contributions calculator to work out how much you and your employer will put in.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nThe government will usually add money to your workplace pension in the form of tax relief if both of the following apply:\n\n- you pay Income Tax\n\n- you pay into a personal pension or workplace pension\n\nEven if you do not pay Income Tax, you\u2019ll still get an additional payment if your pension scheme uses \u2018relief at source\u2019 to add money to your pension pot.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled\n\nYou and your employer must pay a percentage of your earnings into your workplace pension scheme.\n\nHow much you pay and what counts as earnings depend on the pension scheme your employer has chosen. Ask your employer about your pension scheme rules.\n\nIn most automatic enrolment schemes, you\u2019ll make contributions based on your total earnings between \u00a36,240 and \u00a350,270 a year before tax.\u00a0Your total earnings include:\n\n- salary or wages\n\n- bonuses and commission\n\n- overtime\n\n- statutory sick pay\n\n- statutory maternity, paternity or adoption pay\n\n## Workplace pension contributions\n\n| | The minimum your employer pays | You pay | Total minimum contribution |\n\n| From April 2019 | 3% | 5% | 8% |\n\nThese amounts could be higher for you or your employer because of your pension scheme rules. They\u2019re higher for most defined benefit pension schemes.\n\nIn some schemes, your employer has the option to pay in more than the legal minimum. In these schemes, you can pay in less as long as your employer puts in enough to meet the total minimum contribution.\n\n## If you\u2019ve voluntarily enrolled in a workplace pension\n\nYour employer must contribute the minimum amount if you earn more than:\n\n- \u00a3520 a month\n\n- \u00a3120 a week\n\n- \u00a3480 over 4 weeks\n\nThey do not have to contribute anything if you earn these amounts or less.\n\n## How your take-home pay changes\n\nJoining a workplace pension scheme means that your take-home income will be reduced. But this may:\n\n- mean you\u2019re entitled to tax credits or an increase in the amount of tax credits you get (although you may not get this until the next tax year)\n\n- mean you\u2019re entitled to an income-related benefit or an increase in the amount of benefit you get\n\n- reduce the amount of student loan repayments you need to make\n\n## Payments using salary sacrifice\n\nYou and your employer may agree to use \u2018salary sacrifice\u2019 (sometimes known as a \u2018SMART\u2019 scheme).\n\nIf you do this, you give up part of your salary and your employer pays this straight into your pension. In some cases, this will mean you and your employer pay less tax and National Insurance.\n\nAsk your employer if they use salary sacrifice.\n\n## Protection for your pension\n\nHow your pension is protected depends on the type of scheme.\n\n## Defined contribution pension schemes\n\n## If your employer goes bust\n\nDefined contribution pensions are usually run by pension providers, not employers. You will not lose your pension pot if your employer goes bust.\n\n## If your pension provider goes bust\n\nIf the pension provider was authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority and cannot pay you, you can get compensation from the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS).\n\n## Trust-based schemes\n\nSome defined contribution schemes are run by a trust appointed by the employer. These are called \u2018trust-based schemes\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll still get your pension if your employer goes out of business. But you might not get as much because the scheme\u2019s running costs will be paid by members\u2019 pension pots instead of the employer.\n\n## Defined benefit pension schemes\n\nYour employer is responsible for making sure there\u2019s enough money in a defined benefit pension to pay each member the promised amount.\n\nYour employer cannot touch the money in your pension if they\u2019re in financial trouble.\n\nYou\u2019re usually protected by the Pension Protection Fund if your employer goes bust and cannot pay your pension.\n\nThe Pension Protection Fund usually pays:\n\n- 100% compensation if you\u2019ve reached the scheme\u2019s pension age\n\n- 90% compensation if you\u2019re below the scheme\u2019s pension age\n\n## Fraud, theft or bad management\n\nIf there\u2019s a shortfall in your company\u2019s pension fund because of fraud or theft, you may be eligible for compensation from the Fraud Compensation Fund.\n\nContact one of the following organisations if you want to make a complaint about the way your workplace pension scheme is run:\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\n- the Pensions Ombudsman\n\n## Managing your pension\n\nYour pension provider will send you a statement each year to tell you how much is in your pension pot. You can also ask them for an estimate of how much you\u2019ll get when you start taking your pension pot.\n\n## What you see on your payslip\n\nYou do not need to do anything to get tax relief at the basic rate on your pension contributions. There are 2 types of arrangements:\n\n- net pay\n\n- relief at source\n\nCheck with your employer or pension provider which arrangement your workplace pension uses. This determines what you\u2019ll see on your payslip.\n\n## \u2018Net pay\u2019\n\nYour employer takes your contribution from your pay before it\u2019s taxed. You only pay tax on what\u2019s left. This means you get full tax relief, no matter if you pay tax at the basic, higher or additional rate.\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll see on your payslip is your contribution plus the tax relief.\n\nYou will not get tax relief if you do not pay tax, for example because you earn less than the tax threshold.\n\n## \u2018Relief at source\u2019\n\nYour employer takes your pension contribution after taking tax and National Insurance from your pay. However much you earn, your pension provider then adds tax relief to your pension pot at the basic rate.\n\nWith \u2018relief at source\u2019, the amount you see on your payslip is only your contributions, not the tax relief.\n\nYou may be able to claim money back if:\n\n- you pay higher or additional rate Income Tax\n\n- you pay higher or top rate Income Tax in Scotland\n\n## Tracing lost pensions\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service could help you find pensions you\u2019ve paid into but lost track of.\n\n## Nominate someone to get your pension if you die\n\nYou may be able to nominate (choose) someone to get your pension if you die before reaching the scheme\u2019s pension age. You can do this when you first join the pension or by writing to your provider.\n\nAsk your pension provider if you can nominate someone and what they\u2019d get if you die, for example regular payments or lump sums. Check your scheme\u2019s rules about:\n\n- who you can nominate - some payments can only go to a dependant, for example your husband, wife, civil partner or child under 23\n\n- whether anything can change what the person gets, for example when and how you start taking your pension pot, or the age you die\n\nYou can change your nomination at any time. It\u2019s important to keep your nominee\u2019s details up to date.\n\nSometimes the pension provider can pay the money to someone else, for example if the person you nominated cannot be found or has died.\n\n## Taking your pension\n\nMost pension schemes set an age when you can take your pension, usually between 60 and 65. In some circumstances you can take your pension early. The earliest is usually 55.\n\nSome companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. Taking your pension early in this way could mean you pay tax of up to 55%.\n\nIf the amount of money in your pension pot is quite small, you may be able to take it all as a lump sum. You can take 25% of it tax free, but you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the rest.\n\nHow you get money from your pension depends on the type of scheme you\u2019re in.\n\n## Defined contribution pension schemes\n\nYou\u2019ll need to decide how to take your money if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme.\n\n## Defined benefit pension schemes\n\nYou may be able to take some money as a tax-free lump sum if you\u2019re in a defined benefit pension scheme - check with your pension provider. You\u2019ll get the rest as a guaranteed amount each year.\n\n## Changing jobs and taking leave\n\n## If you change jobs\n\nYour workplace pension still belongs to you. If you do not carry on paying into the scheme, the money will remain invested and you\u2019ll get a pension when you reach the scheme\u2019s pension age.\n\nYou can join another workplace pension scheme if you get a new job.\n\nIf you do, you might be able to:\n\n- carry on making contributions to your old pension\n\n- combine the old and new pension schemes\n\nAsk your pension providers about your options.\n\nIf you move jobs but pay into an old pension, you may not get some of that pension\u2019s benefits - check if they\u2019re only available to current workers.\n\n## If you worked at your job for less than 2 years before you left\n\nIf you were in a defined benefit pension scheme for less than 2 years, you might be able to either:\n\n- get a refund on what you contributed\n\n- transfer the value of its benefits to another scheme (a \u2018cash sum transfer\u2019)\n\nThis depends on the type of defined benefit scheme and its rules. Check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.\n\n## Paid leave\n\nDuring paid leave, you and your employer carry on making pension contributions.\n\nThe amount you contribute is based on your actual pay during this time, but your employer pays contributions based on the salary you would have received if you were not on leave.\n\n## Maternity and other parental leave\n\nYou and your employer will continue to make pension contributions if you\u2019re getting paid during maternity leave.\n\nIf you\u2019re not getting paid, your employer still has to make pension contributions in the first 26 weeks of your leave (\u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019). They have to carry on making contributions afterwards if it\u2019s in your contract. Check your employer\u2019s maternity policy.\n\n## Unpaid leave\n\nYou may be able to make contributions if you want to - check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.\n\n## If you become self-employed or stop working\n\nYou may be able to carry on contributing to your workplace pension - ask the scheme provider.\n\nYou could use the National Employment Saving Trust (NEST) - a workplace pension scheme that working self-employed people or sole directors of limited companies can use.\n\nYou could set up a personal or stakeholder pension.\n\nYou can get help with your workplace pension options.\n\n## If you want to leave your workplace pension scheme\n\nWhat you do if you want to leave a workplace pension depends on whether you\u2019ve been \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019 in it or not.\n\n## If you have not been automatically enrolled\n\nCheck with your employer - they\u2019ll tell you what to do.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled\n\nYour employer will have sent you a letter telling you that you\u2019ve been added to the scheme.\n\nYou can leave (called \u2018opting out\u2019) if you want to.\n\nIf you opt out within a month of your employer adding you to the scheme, you\u2019ll get back any money you\u2019ve already paid in.\n\nYou may not be able to get your payments refunded if you opt out later - they\u2019ll usually stay in your pension until you retire.\n\nYou can opt out by contacting your pension provider. Your employer must tell you how to do this.\n\n## Reducing your payments\n\nYou may be able to reduce the amount you contribute to your workplace pension for a short time. Check with both your employer and your pension provider to see if you can do this and how long you can do it for.\n\n## Opting back in\n\nYou can do this at any time by writing to your employer. They do not have to accept you back into their workplace scheme if you\u2019ve opted in and then opted out in the past 12 months.\n\n## Rejoining the scheme automatically\n\nYour employer will automatically re-enrol you in the scheme. They must do this either every 3 years (from the date you first enrolled), or they can choose to do it sooner. They\u2019ll write to you when they do this.\n\n## When you do not rejoin automatically\n\nIf you no longer qualify for the scheme, you will not be automatically re-enrolled.\n\nIf you chose to leave the scheme in the 12 months before the date you would have been re-enrolled, your employer does not have to automatically re-enrol you. But they can choose to re-enrol you.\n\n## Get help\n\nFor questions about the specific terms of your workplace pension scheme, talk to your pension provider or your employer.\n\nYou can get free, impartial information about your workplace pension options from:\n\n- the Money Advice Service\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\n- Pension Wise if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme\n\nYou can get impartial advice about workplace pensions from an independent financial adviser. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for the advice.\n\nFor general questions on workplace pensions contact the DWP Workplace Pension Information Line.\n\nOnly use the information line if you\u2019re a worker - employers should contact The Pensions Regulator.\n\n## Problems with being \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019\n\nContact the The Pensions Regulator if you have concerns about the way your employer is dealing with automatic enrolment.\n\nThe Pensions Advisory Service may also be able to help you.\n\n## If you\u2019re already paying into a personal pension\n\nCheck whether it\u2019s better for you to:\n\n- carry on with just your personal pension\n\n- stop paying into your personal pension and join your workplace pension\n\n- keep paying into both\n\n## If you\u2019re saving large amounts in pensions\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge if your total savings in workplace pensions and any other personal pension scheme go above your:\n\n- lifetime allowance - \u00a31,055,000\n\n- annual allowance - usually the lowest out of \u00a340,000 or 100% of your annual income\n\nIf you start taking your pension pot your annual allowance could drop to as low as \u00a34,000.\n\n## If your pension scheme is closing\n\nThis can happen if your employer decides they do not want to use a scheme anymore or they can no longer pay their contributions. What happens to the money you paid in depends on the pension scheme you\u2019ve joined.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled, your employer cannot close a pension scheme without automatically enrolling you into another one.\n\n## If you\u2019re getting a divorce\n\nYou and your spouse or partner will have to tell the court the value of each of your pension pots. You then have different options to work out what happens to your pension when you get a divorce.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    About workplace pensions

    ", + "

    A workplace pension is a way of saving for your retirement that\u2019s arranged by your employer.

    ", + "

    Some workplace pensions are called \u2018occupational\u2019, \u2018works\u2019, \u2018company\u2019 or \u2018work-based\u2019 pensions.

    ", + "

    How they work

    ", + "

    A percentage of your pay is put into the pension scheme automatically every payday.

    ", + "

    In most cases, your employer also adds money into the pension scheme for you. You may also get tax relief from the government.

    ", + "

    Joining a workplace pension

    ", + "

    All employers must provide a workplace pension scheme. This is called \u2018automatic enrolment\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your employer must automatically enrol you into a pension scheme and make contributions to your pension if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re classed as a \u2018worker\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re aged between 22 and State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you earn at least \u00a310,000 per year
    • ", + "
  • you usually (\u2018ordinarily\u2019) work in the UK (read the detailed guidance if you\u2019re not sure)
    • ", + "

    When your employer does not have to automatically enrol you

    ", + "

    Your employer usually does not have to automatically enrol you if you do not meet the previous criteria or if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve already given notice to your employer that you\u2019re leaving your job, or they\u2019ve given you notice
    • ", + "
  • you have evidence of your lifetime allowance protection (for example, a certificate from HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve already taken a pension that meets the automatic enrolment rules and your employer arranged it
    • ", + "
  • you get a one-off payment from a workplace pension scheme that\u2019s closed (a \u2018winding up lump sum\u2019), and then leave and rejoin the same job within 12 months of getting the payment
    • ", + "
  • more than 12 months before your staging date, you left (\u2018opted out\u2019) of a pension arranged through your employer
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re from an EU member state and are in a EU cross-border pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a limited liability partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a director without an employment contract and employ at least one other person in your company
    • ", + "

    You can usually still join their pension if you want to. Your employer cannot refuse.

    ", + "

    If your income is low

    ", + "

    Your employer does not have to contribute to your pension if you earn these amounts or less:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3520 a month
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3120 a week
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3480 over 4 weeks
    • ", + "

    What happens when you\u2019re automatically enrolled

    ", + "

    Your employer must write to you when you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled into their workplace pension scheme. They must tell you:

    ", + "
  • the date they added you to the pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • the type of pension scheme and who runs it
    • ", + "
  • how much they\u2019ll contribute and how much you\u2019ll have to pay in
    • ", + "
  • how to leave the scheme, if you want to
    • ", + "
  • how tax relief applies to you
    • ", + "

    Delaying your enrolment date

    ", + "

    Your employer can delay the date they must enrol you into a pension scheme by up to 3 months.

    ", + "

    In some cases they may be able to delay longer if they\u2019ve chosen either:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018defined benefit\u2019 pension
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018hybrid\u2019 pension (a mixture of defined benefit and defined contribution pensions) that allows you to take a defined benefit pension
    • ", + "

    Your employer must:

    ", + "
  • tell you about the delay in writing
    • ", + "
  • let you join in the meantime if you ask to
    • ", + "

    What your employer cannot do

    ", + "

    Your employer cannot:

    ", + "
  • unfairly dismiss or discriminate against you for being in a workplace pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • encourage or force you to opt out
    • ", + "

    What you, your employer and the government pay

    ", + "

    The amount you and your employer pay towards the pension depends on:

    ", + "
  • what type of workplace pension scheme you\u2019re in
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled in a workplace pension or you\u2019ve joined one voluntarily (\u2018opted in\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Use the Money Advice Service\u2019s contributions calculator to work out how much you and your employer will put in.

    ", + "

    Tax relief

    ", + "

    The government will usually add money to your workplace pension in the form of tax relief if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you pay Income Tax
    • ", + "
  • you pay into a personal pension or workplace pension
    • ", + "

    Even if you do not pay Income Tax, you\u2019ll still get an additional payment if your pension scheme uses \u2018relief at source\u2019 to add money to your pension pot.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled

    ", + "

    You and your employer must pay a percentage of your earnings into your workplace pension scheme.

    ", + "

    How much you pay and what counts as earnings depend on the pension scheme your employer has chosen. Ask your employer about your pension scheme rules.

    ", + "

    In most automatic enrolment schemes, you\u2019ll make contributions based on your total earnings between \u00a36,240 and \u00a350,270 a year before tax.\u00a0Your total earnings include:

    ", + "
  • salary or wages
    • ", + "
  • bonuses and commission
    • ", + "
  • overtime
    • ", + "
  • statutory sick pay
    • ", + "
  • statutory maternity, paternity or adoption pay
    • ", + "

    Workplace pension contributions

    ", + " | The minimum your employer pays | You pay | Total minimum contribution", + "From April 2019 | 3% | 5% | 8%", + "

    These amounts could be higher for you or your employer because of your pension scheme rules. They\u2019re higher for most defined benefit pension schemes.

    ", + "

    In some schemes, your employer has the option to pay in more than the legal minimum. In these schemes, you can pay in less as long as your employer puts in enough to meet the total minimum contribution.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve voluntarily enrolled in a workplace pension

    ", + "

    Your employer must contribute the minimum amount if you earn more than:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3520 a month
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3120 a week
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3480 over 4 weeks
    • ", + "

    They do not have to contribute anything if you earn these amounts or less.

    ", + "

    How your take-home pay changes

    ", + "

    Joining a workplace pension scheme means that your take-home income will be reduced. But this may:

    ", + "
  • mean you\u2019re entitled to tax credits or an increase in the amount of tax credits you get (although you may not get this until the next tax year)
    • ", + "
  • mean you\u2019re entitled to an income-related benefit or an increase in the amount of benefit you get
    • ", + "
  • reduce the amount of student loan repayments you need to make
    • ", + "

    Payments using salary sacrifice

    ", + "

    You and your employer may agree to use \u2018salary sacrifice\u2019 (sometimes known as a \u2018SMART\u2019 scheme).

    ", + "

    If you do this, you give up part of your salary and your employer pays this straight into your pension. In some cases, this will mean you and your employer pay less tax and National Insurance.

    ", + "

    Ask your employer if they use salary sacrifice.

    ", + "

    Protection for your pension

    ", + "

    How your pension is protected depends on the type of scheme.

    ", + "

    Defined contribution pension schemes

    ", + "

    If your employer goes bust

    ", + "

    Defined contribution pensions are usually run by pension providers, not employers. You will not lose your pension pot if your employer goes bust.

    ", + "

    If your pension provider goes bust

    ", + "

    If the pension provider was authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority and cannot pay you, you can get compensation from the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS).

    ", + "

    Trust-based schemes

    ", + "

    Some defined contribution schemes are run by a trust appointed by the employer. These are called \u2018trust-based schemes\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still get your pension if your employer goes out of business. But you might not get as much because the scheme\u2019s running costs will be paid by members\u2019 pension pots instead of the employer.

    ", + "

    Defined benefit pension schemes

    ", + "

    Your employer is responsible for making sure there\u2019s enough money in a defined benefit pension to pay each member the promised amount.

    ", + "

    Your employer cannot touch the money in your pension if they\u2019re in financial trouble.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re usually protected by the Pension Protection Fund if your employer goes bust and cannot pay your pension.

    ", + "

    The Pension Protection Fund usually pays:

    ", + "
  • 100% compensation if you\u2019ve reached the scheme\u2019s pension age
    • ", + "
  • 90% compensation if you\u2019re below the scheme\u2019s pension age
    • ", + "

    Fraud, theft or bad management

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a shortfall in your company\u2019s pension fund because of fraud or theft, you may be eligible for compensation from the Fraud Compensation Fund.

    ", + "

    Contact one of the following organisations if you want to make a complaint about the way your workplace pension scheme is run:

    ", + "
  • the Pensions Advisory Service
    • ", + "
  • the Pensions Ombudsman
    • ", + "

    Managing your pension

    ", + "

    Your pension provider will send you a statement each year to tell you how much is in your pension pot. You can also ask them for an estimate of how much you\u2019ll get when you start taking your pension pot.

    ", + "

    What you see on your payslip

    ", + "

    You do not need to do anything to get tax relief at the basic rate on your pension contributions. There are 2 types of arrangements:

    ", + "
  • net pay
    • ", + "
  • relief at source
    • ", + "

    Check with your employer or pension provider which arrangement your workplace pension uses. This determines what you\u2019ll see on your payslip.

    ", + "

    \u2018Net pay\u2019

    ", + "

    Your employer takes your contribution from your pay before it\u2019s taxed. You only pay tax on what\u2019s left. This means you get full tax relief, no matter if you pay tax at the basic, higher or additional rate.

    ", + "

    The amount you\u2019ll see on your payslip is your contribution plus the tax relief.

    ", + "

    You will not get tax relief if you do not pay tax, for example because you earn less than the tax threshold.

    ", + "

    \u2018Relief at source\u2019

    ", + "

    Your employer takes your pension contribution after taking tax and National Insurance from your pay. However much you earn, your pension provider then adds tax relief to your pension pot at the basic rate.

    ", + "

    With \u2018relief at source\u2019, the amount you see on your payslip is only your contributions, not the tax relief.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim money back if:

    ", + "
  • you pay higher or additional rate Income Tax
    • ", + "
  • you pay higher or top rate Income Tax in Scotland
    • ", + "

    Tracing lost pensions

    ", + "

    The Pension Tracing Service could help you find pensions you\u2019ve paid into but lost track of.

    ", + "

    Nominate someone to get your pension if you die

    ", + "

    You may be able to nominate (choose) someone to get your pension if you die before reaching the scheme\u2019s pension age. You can do this when you first join the pension or by writing to your provider.

    ", + "

    Ask your pension provider if you can nominate someone and what they\u2019d get if you die, for example regular payments or lump sums. Check your scheme\u2019s rules about:

    ", + "
  • who you can nominate - some payments can only go to a dependant, for example your husband, wife, civil partner or child under 23
    • ", + "
  • whether anything can change what the person gets, for example when and how you start taking your pension pot, or the age you die
    • ", + "

    You can change your nomination at any time. It\u2019s important to keep your nominee\u2019s details up to date.

    ", + "

    Sometimes the pension provider can pay the money to someone else, for example if the person you nominated cannot be found or has died.

    ", + "

    Taking your pension

    ", + "

    Most pension schemes set an age when you can take your pension, usually between 60 and 65. In some circumstances you can take your pension early. The earliest is usually 55.

    ", + "

    Some companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. Taking your pension early in this way could mean you pay tax of up to 55%.

    ", + "

    If the amount of money in your pension pot is quite small, you may be able to take it all as a lump sum. You can take 25% of it tax free, but you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the rest.

    ", + "

    How you get money from your pension depends on the type of scheme you\u2019re in.

    ", + "

    Defined contribution pension schemes

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to decide how to take your money if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme.

    ", + "

    Defined benefit pension schemes

    ", + "

    You may be able to take some money as a tax-free lump sum if you\u2019re in a defined benefit pension scheme - check with your pension provider. You\u2019ll get the rest as a guaranteed amount each year.

    ", + "

    Changing jobs and taking leave

    ", + "

    If you change jobs

    ", + "

    Your workplace pension still belongs to you. If you do not carry on paying into the scheme, the money will remain invested and you\u2019ll get a pension when you reach the scheme\u2019s pension age.

    ", + "

    You can join another workplace pension scheme if you get a new job.

    ", + "

    If you do, you might be able to:

    ", + "
  • carry on making contributions to your old pension
    • ", + "
  • combine the old and new pension schemes
    • ", + "

    Ask your pension providers about your options.

    ", + "

    If you move jobs but pay into an old pension, you may not get some of that pension\u2019s benefits - check if they\u2019re only available to current workers.

    ", + "

    If you worked at your job for less than 2 years before you left

    ", + "

    If you were in a defined benefit pension scheme for less than 2 years, you might be able to either:

    ", + "
  • get a refund on what you contributed
    • ", + "
  • transfer the value of its benefits to another scheme (a \u2018cash sum transfer\u2019)
    • ", + "

    This depends on the type of defined benefit scheme and its rules. Check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.

    ", + "

    Paid leave

    ", + "

    During paid leave, you and your employer carry on making pension contributions.

    ", + "

    The amount you contribute is based on your actual pay during this time, but your employer pays contributions based on the salary you would have received if you were not on leave.

    ", + "

    Maternity and other parental leave

    ", + "

    You and your employer will continue to make pension contributions if you\u2019re getting paid during maternity leave.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not getting paid, your employer still has to make pension contributions in the first 26 weeks of your leave (\u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019). They have to carry on making contributions afterwards if it\u2019s in your contract. Check your employer\u2019s maternity policy.

    ", + "

    Unpaid leave

    ", + "

    You may be able to make contributions if you want to - check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.

    ", + "

    If you become self-employed or stop working

    ", + "

    You may be able to carry on contributing to your workplace pension - ask the scheme provider.

    ", + "

    You could use the National Employment Saving Trust (NEST) - a workplace pension scheme that working self-employed people or sole directors of limited companies can use.

    ", + "

    You could set up a personal or stakeholder pension.

    ", + "

    You can get help with your workplace pension options.

    ", + "

    If you want to leave your workplace pension scheme

    ", + "

    What you do if you want to leave a workplace pension depends on whether you\u2019ve been \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019 in it or not.

    ", + "

    If you have not been automatically enrolled

    ", + "

    Check with your employer - they\u2019ll tell you what to do.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled

    ", + "

    Your employer will have sent you a letter telling you that you\u2019ve been added to the scheme.

    ", + "

    You can leave (called \u2018opting out\u2019) if you want to.

    ", + "

    If you opt out within a month of your employer adding you to the scheme, you\u2019ll get back any money you\u2019ve already paid in.

    ", + "

    You may not be able to get your payments refunded if you opt out later - they\u2019ll usually stay in your pension until you retire.

    ", + "

    You can opt out by contacting your pension provider. Your employer must tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    Reducing your payments

    ", + "

    You may be able to reduce the amount you contribute to your workplace pension for a short time. Check with both your employer and your pension provider to see if you can do this and how long you can do it for.

    ", + "

    Opting back in

    ", + "

    You can do this at any time by writing to your employer. They do not have to accept you back into their workplace scheme if you\u2019ve opted in and then opted out in the past 12 months.

    ", + "

    Rejoining the scheme automatically

    ", + "

    Your employer will automatically re-enrol you in the scheme. They must do this either every 3 years (from the date you first enrolled), or they can choose to do it sooner. They\u2019ll write to you when they do this.

    ", + "

    When you do not rejoin automatically

    ", + "

    If you no longer qualify for the scheme, you will not be automatically re-enrolled.

    ", + "

    If you chose to leave the scheme in the 12 months before the date you would have been re-enrolled, your employer does not have to automatically re-enrol you. But they can choose to re-enrol you.

    ", + "

    Get help

    ", + "

    For questions about the specific terms of your workplace pension scheme, talk to your pension provider or your employer.

    ", + "

    You can get free, impartial information about your workplace pension options from:

    ", + "
  • the Money Advice Service
    • ", + "
  • the Pensions Advisory Service
    • ", + "
  • Pension Wise if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme
    • ", + "

    You can get impartial advice about workplace pensions from an independent financial adviser. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for the advice.

    ", + "

    For general questions on workplace pensions contact the DWP Workplace Pension Information Line.

    ", + "

    Only use the information line if you\u2019re a worker - employers should contact The Pensions Regulator.

    ", + "

    Problems with being \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019

    ", + "

    Contact the The Pensions Regulator if you have concerns about the way your employer is dealing with automatic enrolment.

    ", + "

    The Pensions Advisory Service may also be able to help you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re already paying into a personal pension

    ", + "

    Check whether it\u2019s better for you to:

    ", + "
  • carry on with just your personal pension
    • ", + "
  • stop paying into your personal pension and join your workplace pension
    • ", + "
  • keep paying into both
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re saving large amounts in pensions

    ", + "

    You may have to pay a tax charge if your total savings in workplace pensions and any other personal pension scheme go above your:

    ", + "
  • lifetime allowance - \u00a31,055,000
    • ", + "
  • annual allowance - usually the lowest out of \u00a340,000 or 100% of your annual income
    • ", + "

    If you start taking your pension pot your annual allowance could drop to as low as \u00a34,000.

    ", + "

    If your pension scheme is closing

    ", + "

    This can happen if your employer decides they do not want to use a scheme anymore or they can no longer pay their contributions. What happens to the money you paid in depends on the pension scheme you\u2019ve joined.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled, your employer cannot close a pension scheme without automatically enrolling you into another one.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re getting a divorce

    ", + "

    You and your spouse or partner will have to tell the court the value of each of your pension pots. You then have different options to work out what happens to your pension when you get a divorce.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/your-employment-contract-how-it-can-be-changed": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-employment-contract-how-it-can-be-changed", + "title": "Changing an employment contract", + "content": "## Getting agreement\n\nUsually, the employer and employee both need to agree to any contract changes. But an employee can insist on a change if they have a legal right to it.\n\n## Employers\n\nYou must get an employee\u2019s agreement if you want to make changes to their contract.\n\nYou should:\n\n- consult or negotiate with employees or their representatives (for example from a trade union or staff association)\n\n- explain the reasons for changes\n\n- listen to alternative ideas from employees\n\nYou may also want to talk with workers, asking them about their future plans. With older employees this can include talking about their thoughts on retirement and their options for staying in the job, for example changes to their role, hours or working pattern.\n\n## Employees\n\nExplain to your employer why you want to make the changes. You can insist on a change if it\u2019s covered by a statutory right - for example not working on a Sunday.\n\n## Making changes\n\nOnce employers have agreed on changes with their staff, they need to:\n\n- update the terms of their employees\u2019 \u2018written statement\u2019 of employment conditions\n\n- write to their employees within a month to tell them exactly what has changed\n\nIf an employer changes terms and conditions that are not in the written statement (for example the right to sick leave), they should tell their employees where to find information about the change. This could be in a company handbook, noticeboard or intranet site.\n\n## Collective agreements\n\nEmployers must write to their staff to let them know about any changes to collective agreements with trade unions or staff associations.\n\nThese changes might affect the terms of employees\u2019 written statements, including pay and working hours, whether or not they\u2019re a member of the union or staff association.\n\n## Flexibility clauses\n\nFlexibility clauses are terms in a contract that give employers the right to change some conditions of employment, for example relocation.\n\nEmployers can only use flexibility clauses to make reasonable changes.\n\n## Changes of employer\n\nIf someone starts working for a different employer, they\u2019ll normally have to be given a new written statement within 2 months.\n\nHowever, if the name of a business changes or there\u2019s a new employer but no other changes in terms and conditions, the employer does not need to issue a new written statement. They still need to write to their staff about the changes within a month.\n\n## Disciplinary measures\n\nSometimes changes to an employee\u2019s terms and conditions, like a demotion, can happen as a result of a disciplinary measure.\n\nEmployers should make sure the staff handbook or intranet site contains information about how this could happen in the section dealing with disciplinary procedures.\n\n## Dealing with problems\n\nProblems can arise if:\n\n- an employer tries to change a contract without agreement, or re-employs someone on new terms and conditions\n\n- there is a breach of contract where one of the terms in a contract is broken (for example an employer does not pay agreed wages or employees do not work agreed hours)\n\n## Solving disputes\n\nEmployers and their staff should try to solve disputes about contract changes by talking informally or through mediation.\n\nEmployees can also get advice from their trade union representative (if they\u2019re a member of a union), Citizen\u2019s Advice or Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service). In Northern Ireland, they can get advice from the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) .\n\nIf the problem cannot be solved, employers or employees may have the right to take legal action. It\u2019s important to get advice first because legal action can be expensive. Trade union members may be able to get legal advice from their union.\n\n## Making a change without agreement\n\nIf an employer makes a change to a contract without getting agreement (including by using flexibility clauses unreasonably), employees may:\n\n- have the right to refuse to work under the new conditions\n\n- say that they\u2019re working any new terms under protest, and are treating the change as a breach of contract\n\n- resign and claim constructive dismissal\n\n- be able to take a case to an employment tribunal\n\nIn Northern Ireland an employment tribunal is known as an \u2018industrial tribunal\u2019.\n\nIf an employee disagrees with new terms and conditions but does not say or do anything, this may count as agreeing to the changes.\n\n## Re-employment on new terms and conditions\n\nEmployers may, as a last resort, end a contract and re-employ someone on new terms and conditions.\n\nEmployers who are dismissing employees must follow the legally required:\n\n- redundancy procedure in England, Wales and Scotland\n\n- statutory minimum dismissal in Northern Ireland\n\nIf an employer does dismiss and re-employ someone, they may be able to take a case to a tribunal and claim:\n\n- breach of contract\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n## Breach of contract claims\n\nIf an employee claims breach of contract and they cannot solve things informally with their employer, they may be able to take their case to a civil court or an employment tribunal (or an industrial tribunal in Northern Ireland).\n\nTheir employer may be able to make a counter-claim.\n\nClaims and counter-claims can only go to a tribunal if they:\n\n- are related to an employment contract issue\n\n- still have not been solved when the employee ends their employment\n\nThe claim or counter-claim cannot be related to a personal injury, or certain types of contract term like intellectual property rights.\n\n## Time limits\n\nUsually, employees must make a claim to a tribunal within 3 months of ending their employment. The employer gets 6 weeks from receiving a copy of the claim to decide whether to make a counter-claim.\n\n## Compensation limits\n\nIf the tribunal agrees with the employee\u2019s claim, they may award compensation. This can only be for financial loss (for example, non-payment of wages) up to a maximum of \u00a325,000.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Getting agreement

    ", + "

    Usually, the employer and employee both need to agree to any contract changes. But an employee can insist on a change if they have a legal right to it.

    ", + "

    Employers

    ", + "

    You must get an employee\u2019s agreement if you want to make changes to their contract.

    ", + "

    You should:

    ", + "
  • consult or negotiate with employees or their representatives (for example from a trade union or staff association)
    • ", + "
  • explain the reasons for changes
    • ", + "
  • listen to alternative ideas from employees
    • ", + "

    You may also want to talk with workers, asking them about their future plans. With older employees this can include talking about their thoughts on retirement and their options for staying in the job, for example changes to their role, hours or working pattern.

    ", + "

    Employees

    ", + "

    Explain to your employer why you want to make the changes. You can insist on a change if it\u2019s covered by a statutory right - for example not working on a Sunday.

    ", + "

    Making changes

    ", + "

    Once employers have agreed on changes with their staff, they need to:

    ", + "
  • update the terms of their employees\u2019 \u2018written statement\u2019 of employment conditions
    • ", + "
  • write to their employees within a month to tell them exactly what has changed
    • ", + "

    If an employer changes terms and conditions that are not in the written statement (for example the right to sick leave), they should tell their employees where to find information about the change. This could be in a company handbook, noticeboard or intranet site.

    ", + "

    Collective agreements

    ", + "

    Employers must write to their staff to let them know about any changes to collective agreements with trade unions or staff associations.

    ", + "

    These changes might affect the terms of employees\u2019 written statements, including pay and working hours, whether or not they\u2019re a member of the union or staff association.

    ", + "

    Flexibility clauses

    ", + "

    Flexibility clauses are terms in a contract that give employers the right to change some conditions of employment, for example relocation.

    ", + "

    Employers can only use flexibility clauses to make reasonable changes.

    ", + "

    Changes of employer

    ", + "

    If someone starts working for a different employer, they\u2019ll normally have to be given a new written statement within 2 months.

    ", + "

    However, if the name of a business changes or there\u2019s a new employer but no other changes in terms and conditions, the employer does not need to issue a new written statement. They still need to write to their staff about the changes within a month.

    ", + "

    Disciplinary measures

    ", + "

    Sometimes changes to an employee\u2019s terms and conditions, like a demotion, can happen as a result of a disciplinary measure.

    ", + "

    Employers should make sure the staff handbook or intranet site contains information about how this could happen in the section dealing with disciplinary procedures.

    ", + "

    Dealing with problems

    ", + "

    Problems can arise if:

    ", + "
  • an employer tries to change a contract without agreement, or re-employs someone on new terms and conditions
    • ", + "
  • there is a breach of contract where one of the terms in a contract is broken (for example an employer does not pay agreed wages or employees do not work agreed hours)
    • ", + "

    Solving disputes

    ", + "

    Employers and their staff should try to solve disputes about contract changes by talking informally or through mediation.

    ", + "

    Employees can also get advice from their trade union representative (if they\u2019re a member of a union), Citizen\u2019s Advice or Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service). In Northern Ireland, they can get advice from the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) .

    ", + "

    If the problem cannot be solved, employers or employees may have the right to take legal action. It\u2019s important to get advice first because legal action can be expensive. Trade union members may be able to get legal advice from their union.

    ", + "

    Making a change without agreement

    ", + "

    If an employer makes a change to a contract without getting agreement (including by using flexibility clauses unreasonably), employees may:

    ", + "
  • have the right to refuse to work under the new conditions
    • ", + "
  • say that they\u2019re working any new terms under protest, and are treating the change as a breach of contract
    • ", + "
  • resign and claim constructive dismissal
    • ", + "
  • be able to take a case to an employment tribunal
    • ", + "

    In Northern Ireland an employment tribunal is known as an \u2018industrial tribunal\u2019.

    ", + "

    If an employee disagrees with new terms and conditions but does not say or do anything, this may count as agreeing to the changes.

    ", + "

    Re-employment on new terms and conditions

    ", + "

    Employers may, as a last resort, end a contract and re-employ someone on new terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    Employers who are dismissing employees must follow the legally required:

    ", + "
  • redundancy procedure in England, Wales and Scotland
    • ", + "
  • statutory minimum dismissal in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    If an employer does dismiss and re-employ someone, they may be able to take a case to a tribunal and claim:

    ", + "
  • breach of contract
    • ", + "
  • unfair dismissal
    • ", + "

    Breach of contract claims

    ", + "

    If an employee claims breach of contract and they cannot solve things informally with their employer, they may be able to take their case to a civil court or an employment tribunal (or an industrial tribunal in Northern Ireland).

    ", + "

    Their employer may be able to make a counter-claim.

    ", + "

    Claims and counter-claims can only go to a tribunal if they:

    ", + "
  • are related to an employment contract issue
    • ", + "
  • still have not been solved when the employee ends their employment
    • ", + "

    The claim or counter-claim cannot be related to a personal injury, or certain types of contract term like intellectual property rights.

    ", + "

    Time limits

    ", + "

    Usually, employees must make a claim to a tribunal within 3 months of ending their employment. The employer gets 6 weeks from receiving a copy of the claim to decide whether to make a counter-claim.

    ", + "

    Compensation limits

    ", + "

    If the tribunal agrees with the employee\u2019s claim, they may award compensation. This can only be for financial loss (for example, non-payment of wages) up to a maximum of \u00a325,000.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/agency-workers-your-rights": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/agency-workers-your-rights", + "title": "Your rights as an agency worker", + "content": "## When you're an agency worker\n\nYou\u2019re an agency worker if you have a contract with an agency but you work temporarily for a hirer. Agencies can include recruitment agencies, for example \u2018temp agencies\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019re also an agency worker if you look for work through entertainment and modelling agencies.\n\nYou\u2019re not an agency worker if you use an agency to find permanent or fixed-term employment. Check with the company that hired you.\n\nContact ACAS if you\u2019re unsure if you\u2019re an agency worker.\n\n## Fees\n\nRecruitment agencies cannot charge you a fee for finding or trying to find you work.\n\nThey can charge you for certain services, for example CV writing, training or transport. You have the right to cancel these as long as you give notice.\n\nIf any agency offers you services it:\n\n- must give you full written details of the fee and conditions before charging you - including details of your right to cancel and the notice period\n\n- cannot make you use these services as a condition for finding you work\n\nThere are different rules for entertainment and modelling agencies.\n\n## When you want to cancel a service\n\nYou can cancel paid services without a penalty. You must give a minimum of:\n\n- 10 working days\u2019 written notice to the agency to cancel living accommodation\n\n- 5 working days\u2019 notice for all other services, such as training courses\n\nYou can complain to Acas if you think your agency has unfairly charged you or it will not refund you during the notice period.\n\n## What your agency must give you\n\nYour agency must give you information about the work they\u2019re trying to find you.\n\n## Before you\u2019re offered a job\n\nBefore looking for work for you, your agency must give you:\n\n- a key information document\n\n- written terms of engagement - often known as a contract\n\n## Key information document\n\nThe key information document is a short explanation of how you\u2019ll be paid and what deductions will be applied.\n\nIt must include:\n\n- the minimum rate of pay you can expect\n\n- a sample payslip giving an estimate of your take home pay after things like National Insurance, Income Tax or private healthcare\n\n- who is paying you\n\n- if you have any fees to pay\n\n- if you\u2019re entitled to any benefits\n\nYour agency does not have to give you a key information document if you\u2019ve already agreed terms of engagement with them before 6 April 2020.\n\n## Terms of engagement\n\nThe written terms of engagement should include:\n\n- whether you\u2019re employed under a contract for services or a contract of employment\n\n- your notice period\n\n- your pay\n\n- your holiday entitlement\n\nAn agency cannot change your terms and conditions without telling you. If you agree to changes, you must be given a new document with the full details of the changes and the date they changed.\n\nAn agency cannot give information about you to any third parties (including current employers or hirers) without your permission.\n\n## When you\u2019re offered a job\n\nThe agency must give you a written statement that tells you:\n\n- your start date\n\n- how long the contract is likely to last\n\n- the type of work\n\n- about any expenses you may have to pay\n\n- the location\n\n- your hours\n\n- about any health and safety risks\n\n- about any experience, training or qualifications needed for the role\n\n## Equal treatment\n\nFrom the day you start work you have a worker\u2019s employment rights.\n\nYou also have the same rights as your permanent colleagues to use any shared facilities and services provided by your employer, for example:\n\n- a canteen or food and drinks machines\n\n- a workplace creche or mother and baby room\n\n- car parking or transport services, like a local pick-up service or transport between sites\n\n## Rights after 12 weeks\n\nAfter 12 weeks in the job you qualify for the same rights as someone employed directly. This is known as \u2018equal treatment\u2019.\n\nYour rights include:\n\n- \u2018equal pay\u2019 - the same pay as a permanent colleague doing the same job\n\n- automatic pension enrolment\n\n- paid annual leave\n\n## How to count your 12 week period\n\nStart counting your 12 week qualifying period from your first day at work.\n\nYou do not have to be at work for 12 weeks in a row - some types of leave count and there can be breaks.\n\n## Do not count days on sick leave or a break\n\nThe qualifying period will pause for sick leave or breaks. Do not count the days when:\n\n- you take a break of 6 weeks or less\n\n- you\u2019re on leave due to sickness or injury for up to 28 weeks\n\n- you take annual leave you\u2019re entitled to\n\n- the workplace closes, for example for Christmas or industrial action\n\n- you\u2019re on jury service for up to 28 weeks\n\n## Count time off for pregnancy, paternity or adoption\n\nYour 12 week qualifying period will continue through time off you have for:\n\n- pregnancy and up to 26 weeks after childbirth\n\n- adoption leave\n\n- paternity leave\n\nIf your leave is more than 12 weeks you\u2019ll qualify for equal treatment when you return to work.\n\n## Start from zero for a new job or role\n\nYour 12 weeks will start again if you:\n\n- get a new job at a different workplace\n\n- have a break of more than 6 weeks between jobs at the same workplace\n\n- stay at your workplace but take a new role that\u2019s \u2018substantively different\u2019\n\nA substantively different role is one that\u2019s completely new, different work. It could be a combination of different:\n\n- skills, or requiring new training\n\n- pay rate\n\n- location\n\n- working hours\n\n## Pay\n\nYou\u2019re entitled to the National Minimum Wage for all the hours you work, even if you have not recorded them on a timesheet.\n\nAfter 12 weeks you\u2019re entitled to be paid the same as a permanent employee doing the same job.\n\n## If your agency withholds your pay\n\nYour agency can delay paying you while they get proof of the hours you worked, but only for a reasonable period of time.\n\nYour agency cannot refuse to pay you because your hirer\u2019s unhappy with your work - this is a contractual issue between your agency and the hirer.\n\nYou can make a claim to an employment tribunal if your agency is refusing to pay you.\n\n## If you\u2019ve opted out of the right to equal pay\n\nYour agency should contact you to explain that after 12 weeks you\u2019re entitled to the same pay as a permanent employee doing the same job.\n\n## Maternity rights\n\nYou may be able to get Statutory Maternity Pay, but you cannot get Statutory Maternity Leave.\n\nAs an agency worker, you have employee\u2019s pregnancy rights after working in your role for 12 weeks.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to discriminate against you on the grounds that:\n\n- you\u2019re pregnant\n\n- you\u2019ve given birth in the last 6 months\n\n- you\u2019re breastfeeding\n\nIt\u2019s discrimination if your:\n\n- agency refuses to place you in a job\n\n- hirer refuses to hire you\n\n- job was terminated because you\u2019re pregnant\n\n- agency refuses to keep you on its books\n\n- agency offers you only short jobs and gives longer ones to other agency workers\n\n- hirer will not let you come back after having leave due to maternity\n\nContact Acas if you believe you\u2019ve been discriminated against.\n\n## If there\u2019s a risk to your health\n\nYour hirer should make reasonable adjustments so you can do your job. If this isn\u2019t possible your agency must find you alternative work or pay you at the same rate for the expected length of your contract.\n\n## Antenatal care\n\nAfter 12 weeks in the job you can get paid time off to go to \u2018antenatal care\u2019 if you cannot arrange it outside working hours.\n\nAntenatal care includes antenatal classes, appointments and parenting classes if they\u2019ve been recommended by a doctor or midwife.\n\nYou must also be paid for the travel time if it\u2019s during working hours.\n\n## Entertainment agencies\n\nEntertainment agencies can charge you a fee:\n\n- for finding you work, for example taking a commission (percentage fee) from your earnings\n\n- to publish your details online or in a publication\n\nThey must tell you in writing if a fee is involved.\n\n## If they\u2019re publishing your details\n\nOnce you receive the contract, you have a 30-day \u2018cooling off\u2019 period when you:\n\n- can cancel or withdraw from it without getting a penalty\n\n- do not have to pay\n\nThe agency must show you what it plans to publish about you before it\u2019s published.\n\nYou then have up to 7 days after the cooling off period to say if you do not want the information to be published. If you\u2019re happy, you must pay after the 7 days.\n\nIf the agency charged you but did not publish your name, you have the right to a refund for up to 60 days.\n\nContact Acas if you believe you\u2019ve been charged unfairly.\n\n## Modelling agencies\n\nFashion and photographic model agencies can charge you a fee for finding you work. They can take a commission (percentage fee) from your earnings.\n\nThey can also charge a fee to publish your details online or in a publication. They cannot charge this fee to you upfront but they can take it from your earnings if they find you work.\n\nThey must tell you in writing if a fee is involved.\n\nContact Acas if you believe you\u2019ve been charged unfairly.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    When you're an agency worker

    ", + "

    You\u2019re an agency worker if you have a contract with an agency but you work temporarily for a hirer. Agencies can include recruitment agencies, for example \u2018temp agencies\u2019.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also an agency worker if you look for work through entertainment and modelling agencies.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not an agency worker if you use an agency to find permanent or fixed-term employment. Check with the company that hired you.

    ", + "

    Contact ACAS if you\u2019re unsure if you\u2019re an agency worker.

    ", + "

    Fees

    ", + "

    Recruitment agencies cannot charge you a fee for finding or trying to find you work.

    ", + "

    They can charge you for certain services, for example CV writing, training or transport. You have the right to cancel these as long as you give notice.

    ", + "

    If any agency offers you services it:

    ", + "
  • must give you full written details of the fee and conditions before charging you - including details of your right to cancel and the notice period
    • ", + "
  • cannot make you use these services as a condition for finding you work
    • ", + "

    There are different rules for entertainment and modelling agencies.

    ", + "

    When you want to cancel a service

    ", + "

    You can cancel paid services without a penalty. You must give a minimum of:

    ", + "
  • 10 working days\u2019 written notice to the agency to cancel living accommodation
    • ", + "
  • 5 working days\u2019 notice for all other services, such as training courses
    • ", + "

    You can complain to Acas if you think your agency has unfairly charged you or it will not refund you during the notice period.

    ", + "

    What your agency must give you

    ", + "

    Your agency must give you information about the work they\u2019re trying to find you.

    ", + "

    Before you\u2019re offered a job

    ", + "

    Before looking for work for you, your agency must give you:

    ", + "
  • a key information document
    • ", + "
  • written terms of engagement - often known as a contract
    • ", + "

    Key information document

    ", + "

    The key information document is a short explanation of how you\u2019ll be paid and what deductions will be applied.

    ", + "

    It must include:

    ", + "
  • the minimum rate of pay you can expect
    • ", + "
  • a sample payslip giving an estimate of your take home pay after things like National Insurance, Income Tax or private healthcare
    • ", + "
  • who is paying you
    • ", + "
  • if you have any fees to pay
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re entitled to any benefits
    • ", + "

    Your agency does not have to give you a key information document if you\u2019ve already agreed terms of engagement with them before 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    Terms of engagement

    ", + "

    The written terms of engagement should include:

    ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re employed under a contract for services or a contract of employment
    • ", + "
  • your notice period
    • ", + "
  • your pay
    • ", + "
  • your holiday entitlement
    • ", + "

    An agency cannot change your terms and conditions without telling you. If you agree to changes, you must be given a new document with the full details of the changes and the date they changed.

    ", + "

    An agency cannot give information about you to any third parties (including current employers or hirers) without your permission.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re offered a job

    ", + "

    The agency must give you a written statement that tells you:

    ", + "
  • your start date
    • ", + "
  • how long the contract is likely to last
    • ", + "
  • the type of work
    • ", + "
  • about any expenses you may have to pay
    • ", + "
  • the location
    • ", + "
  • your hours
    • ", + "
  • about any health and safety risks
    • ", + "
  • about any experience, training or qualifications needed for the role
    • ", + "

    Equal treatment

    ", + "

    From the day you start work you have a worker\u2019s employment rights.

    ", + "

    You also have the same rights as your permanent colleagues to use any shared facilities and services provided by your employer, for example:

    ", + "
  • a canteen or food and drinks machines
    • ", + "
  • a workplace creche or mother and baby room
    • ", + "
  • car parking or transport services, like a local pick-up service or transport between sites
    • ", + "

    Rights after 12 weeks

    ", + "

    After 12 weeks in the job you qualify for the same rights as someone employed directly. This is known as \u2018equal treatment\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your rights include:

    ", + "
  • \u2018equal pay\u2019 - the same pay as a permanent colleague doing the same job
    • ", + "
  • automatic pension enrolment
    • ", + "
  • paid annual leave
    • ", + "

    How to count your 12 week period

    ", + "

    Start counting your 12 week qualifying period from your first day at work.

    ", + "

    You do not have to be at work for 12 weeks in a row - some types of leave count and there can be breaks.

    ", + "

    Do not count days on sick leave or a break

    ", + "

    The qualifying period will pause for sick leave or breaks. Do not count the days when:

    ", + "
  • you take a break of 6 weeks or less
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re on leave due to sickness or injury for up to 28 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you take annual leave you\u2019re entitled to
    • ", + "
  • the workplace closes, for example for Christmas or industrial action
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re on jury service for up to 28 weeks
    • ", + "

    Count time off for pregnancy, paternity or adoption

    ", + "

    Your 12 week qualifying period will continue through time off you have for:

    ", + "
  • pregnancy and up to 26 weeks after childbirth
    • ", + "
  • adoption leave
    • ", + "
  • paternity leave
    • ", + "

    If your leave is more than 12 weeks you\u2019ll qualify for equal treatment when you return to work.

    ", + "

    Start from zero for a new job or role

    ", + "

    Your 12 weeks will start again if you:

    ", + "
  • get a new job at a different workplace
    • ", + "
  • have a break of more than 6 weeks between jobs at the same workplace
    • ", + "
  • stay at your workplace but take a new role that\u2019s \u2018substantively different\u2019
    • ", + "

    A substantively different role is one that\u2019s completely new, different work. It could be a combination of different:

    ", + "
  • skills, or requiring new training
    • ", + "
  • pay rate
    • ", + "
  • location
    • ", + "
  • working hours
    • ", + "

    Pay

    ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to the National Minimum Wage for all the hours you work, even if you have not recorded them on a timesheet.

    ", + "

    After 12 weeks you\u2019re entitled to be paid the same as a permanent employee doing the same job.

    ", + "

    If your agency withholds your pay

    ", + "

    Your agency can delay paying you while they get proof of the hours you worked, but only for a reasonable period of time.

    ", + "

    Your agency cannot refuse to pay you because your hirer\u2019s unhappy with your work - this is a contractual issue between your agency and the hirer.

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to an employment tribunal if your agency is refusing to pay you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve opted out of the right to equal pay

    ", + "

    Your agency should contact you to explain that after 12 weeks you\u2019re entitled to the same pay as a permanent employee doing the same job.

    ", + "

    Maternity rights

    ", + "

    You may be able to get Statutory Maternity Pay, but you cannot get Statutory Maternity Leave.

    ", + "

    As an agency worker, you have employee\u2019s pregnancy rights after working in your role for 12 weeks.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to discriminate against you on the grounds that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve given birth in the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re breastfeeding
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s discrimination if your:

    ", + "
  • agency refuses to place you in a job
    • ", + "
  • hirer refuses to hire you
    • ", + "
  • job was terminated because you\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "
  • agency refuses to keep you on its books
    • ", + "
  • agency offers you only short jobs and gives longer ones to other agency workers
    • ", + "
  • hirer will not let you come back after having leave due to maternity
    • ", + "

    Contact Acas if you believe you\u2019ve been discriminated against.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a risk to your health

    ", + "

    Your hirer should make reasonable adjustments so you can do your job. If this isn\u2019t possible your agency must find you alternative work or pay you at the same rate for the expected length of your contract.

    ", + "

    Antenatal care

    ", + "

    After 12 weeks in the job you can get paid time off to go to \u2018antenatal care\u2019 if you cannot arrange it outside working hours.

    ", + "

    Antenatal care includes antenatal classes, appointments and parenting classes if they\u2019ve been recommended by a doctor or midwife.

    ", + "

    You must also be paid for the travel time if it\u2019s during working hours.

    ", + "

    Entertainment agencies

    ", + "

    Entertainment agencies can charge you a fee:

    ", + "
  • for finding you work, for example taking a commission (percentage fee) from your earnings
    • ", + "
  • to publish your details online or in a publication
    • ", + "

    They must tell you in writing if a fee is involved.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019re publishing your details

    ", + "

    Once you receive the contract, you have a 30-day \u2018cooling off\u2019 period when you:

    ", + "
  • can cancel or withdraw from it without getting a penalty
    • ", + "
  • do not have to pay
    • ", + "

    The agency must show you what it plans to publish about you before it\u2019s published.

    ", + "

    You then have up to 7 days after the cooling off period to say if you do not want the information to be published. If you\u2019re happy, you must pay after the 7 days.

    ", + "

    If the agency charged you but did not publish your name, you have the right to a refund for up to 60 days.

    ", + "

    Contact Acas if you believe you\u2019ve been charged unfairly.

    ", + "

    Modelling agencies

    ", + "

    Fashion and photographic model agencies can charge you a fee for finding you work. They can take a commission (percentage fee) from your earnings.

    ", + "

    They can also charge a fee to publish your details online or in a publication. They cannot charge this fee to you upfront but they can take it from your earnings if they find you work.

    ", + "

    They must tell you in writing if a fee is involved.

    ", + "

    Contact Acas if you believe you\u2019ve been charged unfairly.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/understanding-your-pay": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/understanding-your-pay", + "title": "Understanding your pay", + "content": "## Overview\n\nWhen you start work, your employer should tell you how much you\u2019ll be paid and how often. They should also tell you:\n\n- the day or date you\u2019ll be paid, for example each Friday or the last day of the month\n\n- how you\u2019ll be paid, for example cash, cheque or bank transfer\n\nIf you\u2019re an employee or \u2018worker\u2019 (not a contractor or freelancer), you have the right to a payslip, which shows:\n\n- your earnings before and after any deductions\n\n- the amount of any deductions that may change each time you\u2019re paid, for example tax and National Insurance\n\n- the number of hours you worked, if your pay varies depending on time worked\n\nYou might need to know how to work out your weekly pay if you have to claim payments for redundancy or compensation from your employer.\n\n## Part-time workers\n\nIf you\u2019re a part-time worker, you must get at least the same hourly pay rate as a full-time worker doing a similar job.\n\n## Working out your pay\n\nKnowing how to work out your weekly pay is important because it\u2019s used to work out how much you should get for:\n\n- redundancy pay and pay during time off for job-hunting if you\u2019re made redundant\n\n- pay during your notice period when leaving a job\n\n- holiday pay\n\n- guarantee pay for work - you get this if your employer cannot provide you with work, but your contract says they have to pay you anyway\n\n- compensation awarded by Employment Tribunals\n\nWhat you\u2019re entitled to depends on your work status.\n\nYou do not need to calculate your weekly pay, if you\u2019re paid weekly and your pay does not vary.\n\nIf your pay varies or you\u2019re not paid weekly, you have to use a 12-week period for working it out.\n\n## The 12-week period\n\nYou can work out your weekly pay by getting an average figure for a 12-week period. The particular 12 weeks you use varies depending on what you\u2019re calculating your pay for.\n\n## Redundancy\n\nUse the 12 weeks up to the day you got your redundancy notice to work out your pay.\n\n## Notice pay\n\nUse the 12 weeks up to the first day of the notice period to work out what your notice pay should be.\n\n## Paid annual leave\n\nWork this out using the 12 weeks leading up to your holiday.\n\n## Guarantee payments\n\nUse the 12 weeks leading up to when your payment is due. If you no longer work for that employer, use the last 12 weeks of your employment with them.\n\nIf you\u2019ve worked for your employer for less than 12 weeks, you should be allowed to calculate your average weekly pay using:\n\n- the number of hours you would have worked\n\n- the hours of other workers doing a similar job for your employer\n\n## Working out your weekly figure\n\nAdd up the total amount of pay for the period and divide it by 12 to get the weekly figure. You do this even if you\u2019ve had to use a period of more than 12 weeks.\n\nYou can also include bonuses.\n\n## Overtime\n\nYou can include overtime in your calculations if your contract says your employer has to pay it.\n\n## Work done for a previous employer\n\nYou can include pay for work done for a previous employer if you\u2019re calculating your average weekly pay and you did not have a gap in employment when you changed jobs.\n\n## Get help with the calculations\n\nYou can get help to calculate a week\u2019s pay from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or Citizens Advice.\n\n## Pay calculations if you work shifts or get bonuses\n\nIf your pay or working hours vary from week to week, the calculations for working out your weekly pay are more complicated.\n\n## Bonuses and commission\n\nYour pay could vary depending on the amount of work you do, because of:\n\n- bonuses\n\n- commission\n\n- \u2018piece work\u2019 - you\u2019re paid by the amount of work you do, rather than by the hour\n\n## The 12-week period\n\nIf you get bonuses, commission or piece work, you\u2019ll need to work out your average hourly rate over a 12-week period to work out your weekly pay.\n\nAdd up your total pay for the 12 weeks first. You can include overtime and bonuses. There are special calculations for bonuses.\n\n## Quarterly bonuses\n\nYou can include a proportion of your quarterly bonuses in your calculations.\n\n- Divide the bonus amount by 13 (the number of weeks in a quarter of a year).\n\n- Multiply this figure by 12 (the number of weeks your pay is averaged across).\n\n## Annual bonuses\n\nIf you get an annual bonus here\u2019s what you need to do.\n\n- Divide the bonus amount by 52 (the number of weeks in a year).\n\n- Multiply this by 12.\n\n## Hourly rate\n\nWork out the average hourly rate by dividing the total amount you earned in 12-week period by the number of hours you worked.\n\n## Weekly rate\n\nMultiply your hourly rate by the average number of hours you worked each week in the 12-week period, to get your weekly rate.\n\n## Shift or rota work\n\nYour week\u2019s pay will be the average number of hours you work at an average pay rate over a 12-week period.\n\n## Get help with the calculations\n\nYou can get help to calculate a week\u2019s pay from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or Citizens Advice.\n\n## Performance-related pay\n\nYour employer should base your performance-related pay on clear, measurable targets - they should tell you about these.\n\nThere are 2 main types of performance pay:\n\n- short-term schemes, like bonus payments or sales commission\n\n- long-term schemes, like company shares\n\n## Non-payment of bonuses or commission\n\nIf you do not get a bonus or commission you\u2019re owed and you think there\u2019s been a mistake:\n\n- speak to your employer to see if there\u2019s been a misunderstanding\n\n- ask them set out in writing how they\u2019ve calculated your pay\n\n- keep copies of any letters and notes of any meetings\n\nIf a bonus or commission is included in your contract, non-payment is a breach of contract. You can get help with making a complaint.\n\nNon-payment of bonuses may also be covered legally under:\n\n- unlawful deductions from wages - for example, you\u2019re entitled to payment but it has not been given\n\n- unlawful discrimination - your employer must not discriminate against particular groups, for example giving smaller bonuses to women\n\nYou can get advice from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.\n\n## Deductions from your pay\n\nYour employer is not allowed to make deductions unless:\n\n- it\u2019s required or allowed by law, for example National Insurance, income tax or student loan repayments\n\n- you agree in writing\n\n- your contract says they can\n\n- there\u2019s a statutory payment due to a public authority\n\n- you have not worked due to taking part in a strike or industrial action\n\n- there\u2019s been an earlier overpayment of wages or expenses\n\n- it\u2019s a result of a court order\n\nA deduction cannot normally reduce your pay below the National Minimum Wage even if you agree to it, except if the deduction is for:\n\n- tax or National Insurance\n\n- something you\u2019ve done and your contract says you\u2019re liable for it, for example a shortfall in your till if you work in a shop\n\n- repayment of a loan or advance of wages\n\n- repayment of an accidental overpayment of wages\n\n- buying shares or share options in the business\n\n- accommodation provided by your employer\n\n- your own use, for example union subscriptions or pension contributions\n\n## If you work in retail - for example shops, restaurants\n\nYour employer cannot take more than 10% from your gross pay (pay before tax and National Insurance) each pay period to cover any shortfalls.\n\n## If you have not been paid in full\n\nSpeak to your employer first to try to sort out the problem informally.\n\nIf this does not work, talk to Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.\n\nYou have the right to go to an Employment Tribunal to get your money.\n\n## If you leave your job\n\nCheck your contract to see if your employer is allowed to withhold your pay. Normally you\u2019re entitled to be paid everything you\u2019ve earned up to the point you finish.\n\nIf you\u2019re forced to resign because your employer refuses to pay you, you may be able to make a constructive dismissal claim in an Employment Tribunal.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    When you start work, your employer should tell you how much you\u2019ll be paid and how often. They should also tell you:

    ", + "
  • the day or date you\u2019ll be paid, for example each Friday or the last day of the month
    • ", + "
  • how you\u2019ll be paid, for example cash, cheque or bank transfer
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re an employee or \u2018worker\u2019 (not a contractor or freelancer), you have the right to a payslip, which shows:

    ", + "
  • your earnings before and after any deductions
    • ", + "
  • the amount of any deductions that may change each time you\u2019re paid, for example tax and National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • the number of hours you worked, if your pay varies depending on time worked
    • ", + "

    You might need to know how to work out your weekly pay if you have to claim payments for redundancy or compensation from your employer.

    ", + "

    Part-time workers

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a part-time worker, you must get at least the same hourly pay rate as a full-time worker doing a similar job.

    ", + "

    Working out your pay

    ", + "

    Knowing how to work out your weekly pay is important because it\u2019s used to work out how much you should get for:

    ", + "
  • redundancy pay and pay during time off for job-hunting if you\u2019re made redundant
    • ", + "
  • pay during your notice period when leaving a job
    • ", + "
  • holiday pay
    • ", + "
  • guarantee pay for work - you get this if your employer cannot provide you with work, but your contract says they have to pay you anyway
    • ", + "
  • compensation awarded by Employment Tribunals
    • ", + "

    What you\u2019re entitled to depends on your work status.

    ", + "

    You do not need to calculate your weekly pay, if you\u2019re paid weekly and your pay does not vary.

    ", + "

    If your pay varies or you\u2019re not paid weekly, you have to use a 12-week period for working it out.

    ", + "

    The 12-week period

    ", + "

    You can work out your weekly pay by getting an average figure for a 12-week period. The particular 12 weeks you use varies depending on what you\u2019re calculating your pay for.

    ", + "

    Redundancy

    ", + "

    Use the 12 weeks up to the day you got your redundancy notice to work out your pay.

    ", + "

    Notice pay

    ", + "

    Use the 12 weeks up to the first day of the notice period to work out what your notice pay should be.

    ", + "

    Paid annual leave

    ", + "

    Work this out using the 12 weeks leading up to your holiday.

    ", + "

    Guarantee payments

    ", + "

    Use the 12 weeks leading up to when your payment is due. If you no longer work for that employer, use the last 12 weeks of your employment with them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve worked for your employer for less than 12 weeks, you should be allowed to calculate your average weekly pay using:

    ", + "
  • the number of hours you would have worked
    • ", + "
  • the hours of other workers doing a similar job for your employer
    • ", + "

    Working out your weekly figure

    ", + "

    Add up the total amount of pay for the period and divide it by 12 to get the weekly figure. You do this even if you\u2019ve had to use a period of more than 12 weeks.

    ", + "

    You can also include bonuses.

    ", + "

    Overtime

    ", + "

    You can include overtime in your calculations if your contract says your employer has to pay it.

    ", + "

    Work done for a previous employer

    ", + "

    You can include pay for work done for a previous employer if you\u2019re calculating your average weekly pay and you did not have a gap in employment when you changed jobs.

    ", + "

    Get help with the calculations

    ", + "

    You can get help to calculate a week\u2019s pay from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    Pay calculations if you work shifts or get bonuses

    ", + "

    If your pay or working hours vary from week to week, the calculations for working out your weekly pay are more complicated.

    ", + "

    Bonuses and commission

    ", + "

    Your pay could vary depending on the amount of work you do, because of:

    ", + "
  • bonuses
    • ", + "
  • commission
    • ", + "
  • \u2018piece work\u2019 - you\u2019re paid by the amount of work you do, rather than by the hour
    • ", + "

    The 12-week period

    ", + "

    If you get bonuses, commission or piece work, you\u2019ll need to work out your average hourly rate over a 12-week period to work out your weekly pay.

    ", + "

    Add up your total pay for the 12 weeks first. You can include overtime and bonuses. There are special calculations for bonuses.

    ", + "

    Quarterly bonuses

    ", + "

    You can include a proportion of your quarterly bonuses in your calculations.

    ", + "
  • Divide the bonus amount by 13 (the number of weeks in a quarter of a year).
    • ", + "
  • Multiply this figure by 12 (the number of weeks your pay is averaged across).
    • ", + "

    Annual bonuses

    ", + "

    If you get an annual bonus here\u2019s what you need to do.

    ", + "
  • Divide the bonus amount by 52 (the number of weeks in a year).
    • ", + "
  • Multiply this by 12.
    • ", + "

    Hourly rate

    ", + "

    Work out the average hourly rate by dividing the total amount you earned in 12-week period by the number of hours you worked.

    ", + "

    Weekly rate

    ", + "

    Multiply your hourly rate by the average number of hours you worked each week in the 12-week period, to get your weekly rate.

    ", + "

    Shift or rota work

    ", + "

    Your week\u2019s pay will be the average number of hours you work at an average pay rate over a 12-week period.

    ", + "

    Get help with the calculations

    ", + "

    You can get help to calculate a week\u2019s pay from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    Performance-related pay

    ", + "

    Your employer should base your performance-related pay on clear, measurable targets - they should tell you about these.

    ", + "

    There are 2 main types of performance pay:

    ", + "
  • short-term schemes, like bonus payments or sales commission
    • ", + "
  • long-term schemes, like company shares
    • ", + "

    Non-payment of bonuses or commission

    ", + "

    If you do not get a bonus or commission you\u2019re owed and you think there\u2019s been a mistake:

    ", + "
  • speak to your employer to see if there\u2019s been a misunderstanding
    • ", + "
  • ask them set out in writing how they\u2019ve calculated your pay
    • ", + "
  • keep copies of any letters and notes of any meetings
    • ", + "

    If a bonus or commission is included in your contract, non-payment is a breach of contract. You can get help with making a complaint.

    ", + "

    Non-payment of bonuses may also be covered legally under:

    ", + "
  • unlawful deductions from wages - for example, you\u2019re entitled to payment but it has not been given
    • ", + "
  • unlawful discrimination - your employer must not discriminate against particular groups, for example giving smaller bonuses to women
    • ", + "

    You can get advice from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.

    ", + "

    Deductions from your pay

    ", + "

    Your employer is not allowed to make deductions unless:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s required or allowed by law, for example National Insurance, income tax or student loan repayments
    • ", + "
  • you agree in writing
    • ", + "
  • your contract says they can
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s a statutory payment due to a public authority
    • ", + "
  • you have not worked due to taking part in a strike or industrial action
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s been an earlier overpayment of wages or expenses
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s a result of a court order
    • ", + "

    A deduction cannot normally reduce your pay below the National Minimum Wage even if you agree to it, except if the deduction is for:

    ", + "
  • tax or National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • something you\u2019ve done and your contract says you\u2019re liable for it, for example a shortfall in your till if you work in a shop
    • ", + "
  • repayment of a loan or advance of wages
    • ", + "
  • repayment of an accidental overpayment of wages
    • ", + "
  • buying shares or share options in the business
    • ", + "
  • accommodation provided by your employer
    • ", + "
  • your own use, for example union subscriptions or pension contributions
    • ", + "

    If you work in retail - for example shops, restaurants

    ", + "

    Your employer cannot take more than 10% from your gross pay (pay before tax and National Insurance) each pay period to cover any shortfalls.

    ", + "

    If you have not been paid in full

    ", + "

    Speak to your employer first to try to sort out the problem informally.

    ", + "

    If this does not work, talk to Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.

    ", + "

    You have the right to go to an Employment Tribunal to get your money.

    ", + "

    If you leave your job

    ", + "

    Check your contract to see if your employer is allowed to withhold your pay. Normally you\u2019re entitled to be paid everything you\u2019ve earned up to the point you finish.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re forced to resign because your employer refuses to pay you, you may be able to make a constructive dismissal claim in an Employment Tribunal.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/complain-trade-union": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/complain-trade-union", + "title": "Complain about your trade union", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou can complain to the Certification Officer about a trade union if you\u2019re a member.\n\nYou might also be able to complain if you\u2019re not a member of a trade union, for example you\u2019re a candidate in an election run by a union.\n\n## What you can complain about\n\nYou can complain if you think the trade union has:\n\n- broken its own rules, for example about holding elections or ballots\n\n- broken laws on running trade unions, for example not holding a proper ballot on a proposed merger of trade unions or not providing access to accounting records\n\nYou can also complain about trade union funds being used illegally or in a way that breaks the financial rules of the union, known as financial irregularities.\n\nYou do not have to be a member of a trade union to complain about financial irregularities.\n\nThe make a complaint guidance has a full list of the complaints you can make to the Certification Officer\n\n## What you cannot complain about\n\nYou cannot complain about what a union does for you, for example representing you if you\u2019re unfairly dismissed. You should get legal advice instead.\n\n## Complain to your trade union first\n\nTalk to your trade union and try to resolve the problem with them before taking it to the Certification Officer.\n\nYou can take your complaint further if you\u2019ve been through all the steps in your trade union\u2019s complaints procedure and you\u2019re still not satisfied.\n\n## Complain to a court\n\nYou might be able to take your trade union to court, for example for breach of contract if it breaks its own rules. You should seek legal advice before you do this. You cannot complain to the Certification Officer and the courts about the same problem.\n\n## Complain to the Certification Officer\n\n- Make a complaint.\n\n- Attend a hearing.\n\n- Get a decision.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nEmail or call the Certification Officer to talk about your complaint before you make a complaint in writing.\n\nThe make a complaint guidance has information on how to make a complaint and when you can make it.\n\nThe financial irregularities guidance has information on how:\n\n- to make a complaint about the illegal or improper use of funds in trade unions and employers\u2019 associations\n\n- the Certification Officer might appoint an inspector to investigate the complaint\n\n- the Certification Officer makes a decision and how they\u2019ll tell you this\n\n## Use the complaint form\n\nDownload and fill in the registration of complaint form.\n\nEmail the registration of complaint form to the address on the form.\n\n## Make an anonymous complaint\n\nYou might be able to make your complaint anonymously if you feel your complaint would put you in danger.\n\nUse the registration of complaint form to make your complaint and do both of the following:\n\n- tell the Certification Officer that you want to make an anonymous complaint\n\n- explain why you want your identity kept secret from your union\n\nIf the Certification Officer agrees, they will keep your identity secret from the trade union.\n\nYou can retract your complaint if the Certification Officer does not think your complaint can be made anonymously. You should tell them in writing that you want to retract your complaint.\n\n## Attend a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get the chance to attend a hearing with the Certification Officer to have your complaint heard.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the Certification Officer asking you to confirm what your complaint is about, for example what rule you think has been broken.\n\nYour complaint will be sent to your union - they can disagree with any allegation you\u2019ve made.\n\n## Provide documents for your hearing\n\nYou and your union must send certain documents by a date specified by the Certification Officer.\n\nThese include:\n\n- copies of all the documents that relate to your complaint\n\n- written statements from anyone that\u2019s going to give evidence at the hearing\n\n- written draft arguments\n\n- copies of any legal evidence that backs up the draft arguments\n\n## Get a date for the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the Certification Officer that sets a date for the hearing when both of the following have happened:\n\n- your union has replied to the Certification Officer about your complaint\n\n- you and your union provide the Certification Officer with all the necessary documents\n\nYou or your union can ask for the hearing to be postponed if either of you can\u2019t attend the hearing on the date given.\n\nThe hearing guidance tells you:\n\n- how you or your union might be able to change the date of the hearing\n\n- what happens at the hearing\n\n## Get a decision without a hearing\n\nYou can also get a decision from the Certification Officer on your case without having to attend a hearing, for example if both you and the union agree that either the union\u2019s own rules or the law has been broken.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to provide the Certification Officer with all the details about the case so they can decide what should happen next.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYou won\u2019t get a decision about your complaint at the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told at the end of the hearing when you might get your decision.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision in writing, with the reasons for it, from the Certification Officer.\n\n## Appeal against a decision\n\nYou can appeal to an employment appeal tribunal if you think the Certification Officer made a decision that was legally wrong.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Certification Officer about a trade union if you\u2019re a member.

    ", + "

    You might also be able to complain if you\u2019re not a member of a trade union, for example you\u2019re a candidate in an election run by a union.

    ", + "

    What you can complain about

    ", + "

    You can complain if you think the trade union has:

    ", + "
  • broken its own rules, for example about holding elections or ballots
    • ", + "
  • broken laws on running trade unions, for example not holding a proper ballot on a proposed merger of trade unions or not providing access to accounting records
    • ", + "

    You can also complain about trade union funds being used illegally or in a way that breaks the financial rules of the union, known as financial irregularities.

    ", + "

    You do not have to be a member of a trade union to complain about financial irregularities.

    ", + "

    The make a complaint guidance has a full list of the complaints you can make to the Certification Officer

    ", + "

    What you cannot complain about

    ", + "

    You cannot complain about what a union does for you, for example representing you if you\u2019re unfairly dismissed. You should get legal advice instead.

    ", + "

    Complain to your trade union first

    ", + "

    Talk to your trade union and try to resolve the problem with them before taking it to the Certification Officer.

    ", + "

    You can take your complaint further if you\u2019ve been through all the steps in your trade union\u2019s complaints procedure and you\u2019re still not satisfied.

    ", + "

    Complain to a court

    ", + "

    You might be able to take your trade union to court, for example for breach of contract if it breaks its own rules. You should seek legal advice before you do this. You cannot complain to the Certification Officer and the courts about the same problem.

    ", + "

    Complain to the Certification Officer

    ", + "
  • Make a complaint.
    • ", + "
  • Attend a hearing.
    • ", + "
  • Get a decision.
    • ", + "

    Make a complaint

    ", + "

    Email or call the Certification Officer to talk about your complaint before you make a complaint in writing.

    ", + "

    The make a complaint guidance has information on how to make a complaint and when you can make it.

    ", + "

    The financial irregularities guidance has information on how:

    ", + "
  • to make a complaint about the illegal or improper use of funds in trade unions and employers\u2019 associations
    • ", + "
  • the Certification Officer might appoint an inspector to investigate the complaint
    • ", + "
  • the Certification Officer makes a decision and how they\u2019ll tell you this
    • ", + "

    Use the complaint form

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the registration of complaint form.

    ", + "

    Email the registration of complaint form to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Make an anonymous complaint

    ", + "

    You might be able to make your complaint anonymously if you feel your complaint would put you in danger.

    ", + "

    Use the registration of complaint form to make your complaint and do both of the following:

    ", + "
  • tell the Certification Officer that you want to make an anonymous complaint
    • ", + "
  • explain why you want your identity kept secret from your union
    • ", + "

    If the Certification Officer agrees, they will keep your identity secret from the trade union.

    ", + "

    You can retract your complaint if the Certification Officer does not think your complaint can be made anonymously. You should tell them in writing that you want to retract your complaint.

    ", + "

    Attend a hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the chance to attend a hearing with the Certification Officer to have your complaint heard.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the Certification Officer asking you to confirm what your complaint is about, for example what rule you think has been broken.

    ", + "

    Your complaint will be sent to your union - they can disagree with any allegation you\u2019ve made.

    ", + "

    Provide documents for your hearing

    ", + "

    You and your union must send certain documents by a date specified by the Certification Officer.

    ", + "

    These include:

    ", + "
  • copies of all the documents that relate to your complaint
    • ", + "
  • written statements from anyone that\u2019s going to give evidence at the hearing
    • ", + "
  • written draft arguments
    • ", + "
  • copies of any legal evidence that backs up the draft arguments
    • ", + "

    Get a date for the hearing

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from the Certification Officer that sets a date for the hearing when both of the following have happened:

    ", + "
  • your union has replied to the Certification Officer about your complaint
    • ", + "
  • you and your union provide the Certification Officer with all the necessary documents
    • ", + "

    You or your union can ask for the hearing to be postponed if either of you can\u2019t attend the hearing on the date given.

    ", + "

    The hearing guidance tells you:

    ", + "
  • how you or your union might be able to change the date of the hearing
    • ", + "
  • what happens at the hearing
    • ", + "

    Get a decision without a hearing

    ", + "

    You can also get a decision from the Certification Officer on your case without having to attend a hearing, for example if both you and the union agree that either the union\u2019s own rules or the law has been broken.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still need to provide the Certification Officer with all the details about the case so they can decide what should happen next.

    ", + "

    Get a decision

    ", + "

    You won\u2019t get a decision about your complaint at the hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be told at the end of the hearing when you might get your decision.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a decision in writing, with the reasons for it, from the Certification Officer.

    ", + "

    Appeal against a decision

    ", + "

    You can appeal to an employment appeal tribunal if you think the Certification Officer made a decision that was legally wrong.

    " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/join-trade-union": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/join-trade-union", + "title": "Joining a trade union", + "content": "## Joining a trade union\n\nA trade union is an organisation with members who are usually workers or employees. It looks after their interests at work by doing things like:\n\n- negotiating agreements with employers on pay and conditions\n\n- discussing big changes like large scale redundancy\n\n- discussing members\u2019 concerns with employers\n\n- going with members to disciplinary and grievance meetings\n\n## Find a union to join\n\nIf there\u2019s a union at work, you can ask the trade union representative (\u2018rep\u2019) about joining. Their contact details may be in your company handbook, intranet site or on the union noticeboard.\n\nThe union rep will tell you if you\u2019re eligible to join and give you a membership form to fill in.\n\n## Trade union contact details\n\nYou can search a list of unions and their contact details put together by the Certification Officer, the independent organisation responsible for the legal regulation of unions.\n\nYou can also use the TUC\u2019s interactive tool to help you find a trade union in your workplace, or one which covers your type of job.\n\n## Trade union membership subscriptions\n\nYour union will charge a union membership fee (\u2018membership sub\u2019) to finance the work of the union. This can be the same amount for all employees or based on how much you\u2019re paid.\n\n## Paying your membership subs\n\nYou can pay your subs by:\n\n- having the amount taken by your employer from your pay and sent to the union (otherwise known as \u2018check-off\u2019)\n\n- direct debit\n\n- cash\n\n- cheque\n\n## Paying by check-off\n\nYour employer does not have to take union membership subs from your pay and send it to the union. They can stop sending your membership subs unless your employment contract says they have to.\n\nYour employer cannot take union membership subs from your pay without your written permission. Many trade unions will get your agreement to pay by check-off when you join, and forward it to your employer.\n\nYou can also ask your employer in writing to stop taking money from your pay for check-off whenever you want. They must then stop taking subs from your pay as soon as it\u2019s possible.\n\nYour employer is responsible for making sure that any check-off payments they make are legal.\n\n## What to do if you have a problem\n\nIf you have a problem with your check-off payments, try to discuss the issue with your employer and your trade union first.\n\nIf your trade union subscriptions are taken from your pay without your consent, you could make a complaint to an employment tribunal against your employer.\n\nIf your complaint is successful the employment tribunal can order your employer to pay you the value of the unauthorised payments.\n\n## Trade union membership: your employment rights\n\nYou have the right to:\n\n- choose to join or not join a union\n\n- decide to leave or remain a member of a union\n\n- belong to the union you choose, even if it\u2019s not the one your employer negotiates with on pay, terms and conditions\n\n- belong to more than one union\n\nYour employer is not allowed to:\n\n- offer you a benefit to leave a trade union\n\n- threaten to treat you unfairly if you do not leave a union\n\n## Refusing to employ you for trade union membership reasons\n\nAn employer or employment agency is not allowed to insist that you:\n\n- join or leave a trade union\n\n- leave one union for another\n\n## Dismissal for trade union membership reasons\n\nYour employer is not allowed to dismiss you or choose you for redundancy because you:\n\n- are or want to be a union member\n\n- are not or do not want to be a union member\n\n- took part or wanted to take part in union activities\n\n## Other unfavourable treatment\n\nYour employer must not treat you unfavourably (for example refusing you promotion or training opportunities) if you:\n\n- join a union\n\n- take part in its meetings\n\n- leave a union\n\n## What to do if you have a problem\n\nYou may be able to use a grievance procedure or go to an employment tribunal if you think your employer has treated you unfairly because of your trade union membership.\n\nContact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) if you have any questions about trade union membership.\n\n## Role of your trade union rep\n\nA trade union representative (\u2018rep\u2019) is a union member who represents and gives advice to colleagues when they have problems at work.\n\nTrade union reps are not paid but they do get paid time off to do their work as a rep.\n\n## What do union reps do?\n\nReps are there to:\n\n- discuss any concerns you have about your employer\n\n- go with (\u2018accompany\u2019) you to disciplinary or grievance hearings with management\n\n- represent you in negotiations (\u2018collective bargaining\u2019) over your pay and terms and conditions of employment\n\n- meet with your employer to find solutions to workplace issues\n\n- develop the best possible health and safety procedures with your employer\n\nEmployers must consult with union reps if:\n\n- there is going to be a business transfer or takeover\n\n- they are planning to make 20 or more people redundant within 90 days\n\n## Your right to be accompanied\n\nYou have the right to be accompanied by your union rep to some meetings with management - for example, if:\n\n- you\u2019re facing a disciplinary charge\n\n- you wish to raise a grievance with your employer\n\nIf your union rep cannot attend, you may be able to rearrange the meeting or ask a work colleague to go with you.\n\n## Becoming a union rep\n\nIf you want to become a union rep, ask another rep in the workplace or contact your union through its website. Depending on union rules, you may be appointed or elected.\n\nIf you become a union rep, find out what rights you have.\n\n## Union negotiations with your employer\n\nWhen an employer and a union agree to negotiate on pay, terms and conditions, this agreement is called \u2018recognition\u2019 of the union. The negotiations are called \u2018collective bargaining\u2019.\n\n## How collective bargaining works\n\nYour employer and trade union must agree on how collective bargaining will be done including:\n\n- which union, rep or official will represent a group of workers or employees (this group is called a \u2018bargaining unit\u2019)\n\n- who is included in the bargaining unit\n\n- how often meetings will take place\n\n- what issues they\u2019ll discuss\n\n- how disagreements will be handled\n\n- how collective bargaining will work if more than one union is recognised\n\n## Collective agreements\n\nAgreements reached through collective bargaining are called collective agreements and they often mean a change in your employment terms and conditions.\n\nCollective agreements can cover all staff - not just union members.\n\nYour employment contract may say which collective agreements cover you if:\n\n- your employer recognises more than one trade union\n\n- 1 union is recognised to negotiate for more than 1 bargaining unit", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Joining a trade union

    ", + "

    A trade union is an organisation with members who are usually workers or employees. It looks after their interests at work by doing things like:

    ", + "
  • negotiating agreements with employers on pay and conditions
    • ", + "
  • discussing big changes like large scale redundancy
    • ", + "
  • discussing members\u2019 concerns with employers
    • ", + "
  • going with members to disciplinary and grievance meetings
    • ", + "

    Find a union to join

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a union at work, you can ask the trade union representative (\u2018rep\u2019) about joining. Their contact details may be in your company handbook, intranet site or on the union noticeboard.

    ", + "

    The union rep will tell you if you\u2019re eligible to join and give you a membership form to fill in.

    ", + "

    Trade union contact details

    ", + "

    You can search a list of unions and their contact details put together by the Certification Officer, the independent organisation responsible for the legal regulation of unions.

    ", + "

    You can also use the TUC\u2019s interactive tool to help you find a trade union in your workplace, or one which covers your type of job.

    ", + "

    Trade union membership subscriptions

    ", + "

    Your union will charge a union membership fee (\u2018membership sub\u2019) to finance the work of the union. This can be the same amount for all employees or based on how much you\u2019re paid.

    ", + "

    Paying your membership subs

    ", + "

    You can pay your subs by:

    ", + "
  • having the amount taken by your employer from your pay and sent to the union (otherwise known as \u2018check-off\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • direct debit
    • ", + "
  • cash
    • ", + "
  • cheque
    • ", + "

    Paying by check-off

    ", + "

    Your employer does not have to take union membership subs from your pay and send it to the union. They can stop sending your membership subs unless your employment contract says they have to.

    ", + "

    Your employer cannot take union membership subs from your pay without your written permission. Many trade unions will get your agreement to pay by check-off when you join, and forward it to your employer.

    ", + "

    You can also ask your employer in writing to stop taking money from your pay for check-off whenever you want. They must then stop taking subs from your pay as soon as it\u2019s possible.

    ", + "

    Your employer is responsible for making sure that any check-off payments they make are legal.

    ", + "

    What to do if you have a problem

    ", + "

    If you have a problem with your check-off payments, try to discuss the issue with your employer and your trade union first.

    ", + "

    If your trade union subscriptions are taken from your pay without your consent, you could make a complaint to an employment tribunal against your employer.

    ", + "

    If your complaint is successful the employment tribunal can order your employer to pay you the value of the unauthorised payments.

    ", + "

    Trade union membership: your employment rights

    ", + "

    You have the right to:

    ", + "
  • choose to join or not join a union
    • ", + "
  • decide to leave or remain a member of a union
    • ", + "
  • belong to the union you choose, even if it\u2019s not the one your employer negotiates with on pay, terms and conditions
    • ", + "
  • belong to more than one union
    • ", + "

    Your employer is not allowed to:

    ", + "
  • offer you a benefit to leave a trade union
    • ", + "
  • threaten to treat you unfairly if you do not leave a union
    • ", + "

    Refusing to employ you for trade union membership reasons

    ", + "

    An employer or employment agency is not allowed to insist that you:

    ", + "
  • join or leave a trade union
    • ", + "
  • leave one union for another
    • ", + "

    Dismissal for trade union membership reasons

    ", + "

    Your employer is not allowed to dismiss you or choose you for redundancy because you:

    ", + "
  • are or want to be a union member
    • ", + "
  • are not or do not want to be a union member
    • ", + "
  • took part or wanted to take part in union activities
    • ", + "

    Other unfavourable treatment

    ", + "

    Your employer must not treat you unfavourably (for example refusing you promotion or training opportunities) if you:

    ", + "
  • join a union
    • ", + "
  • take part in its meetings
    • ", + "
  • leave a union
    • ", + "

    What to do if you have a problem

    ", + "

    You may be able to use a grievance procedure or go to an employment tribunal if you think your employer has treated you unfairly because of your trade union membership.

    ", + "

    Contact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) if you have any questions about trade union membership.

    ", + "

    Role of your trade union rep

    ", + "

    A trade union representative (\u2018rep\u2019) is a union member who represents and gives advice to colleagues when they have problems at work.

    ", + "

    Trade union reps are not paid but they do get paid time off to do their work as a rep.

    ", + "

    What do union reps do?

    ", + "

    Reps are there to:

    ", + "
  • discuss any concerns you have about your employer
    • ", + "
  • go with (\u2018accompany\u2019) you to disciplinary or grievance hearings with management
    • ", + "
  • represent you in negotiations (\u2018collective bargaining\u2019) over your pay and terms and conditions of employment
    • ", + "
  • meet with your employer to find solutions to workplace issues
    • ", + "
  • develop the best possible health and safety procedures with your employer
    • ", + "

    Employers must consult with union reps if:

    ", + "
  • there is going to be a business transfer or takeover
    • ", + "
  • they are planning to make 20 or more people redundant within 90 days
    • ", + "

    Your right to be accompanied

    ", + "

    You have the right to be accompanied by your union rep to some meetings with management - for example, if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re facing a disciplinary charge
    • ", + "
  • you wish to raise a grievance with your employer
    • ", + "

    If your union rep cannot attend, you may be able to rearrange the meeting or ask a work colleague to go with you.

    ", + "

    Becoming a union rep

    ", + "

    If you want to become a union rep, ask another rep in the workplace or contact your union through its website. Depending on union rules, you may be appointed or elected.

    ", + "

    If you become a union rep, find out what rights you have.

    ", + "

    Union negotiations with your employer

    ", + "

    When an employer and a union agree to negotiate on pay, terms and conditions, this agreement is called \u2018recognition\u2019 of the union. The negotiations are called \u2018collective bargaining\u2019.

    ", + "

    How collective bargaining works

    ", + "

    Your employer and trade union must agree on how collective bargaining will be done including:

    ", + "
  • which union, rep or official will represent a group of workers or employees (this group is called a \u2018bargaining unit\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • who is included in the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • how often meetings will take place
    • ", + "
  • what issues they\u2019ll discuss
    • ", + "
  • how disagreements will be handled
    • ", + "
  • how collective bargaining will work if more than one union is recognised
    • ", + "

    Collective agreements

    ", + "

    Agreements reached through collective bargaining are called collective agreements and they often mean a change in your employment terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    Collective agreements can cover all staff - not just union members.

    ", + "

    Your employment contract may say which collective agreements cover you if:

    ", + "
  • your employer recognises more than one trade union
    • ", + "
  • 1 union is recognised to negotiate for more than 1 bargaining unit
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/request-information-consultation-agreement": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/request-information-consultation-agreement", + "title": "Request an information and consultation agreement with your employer", + "content": "## Overview\n\nYou, together with other employees, can ask your employer to keep you informed and consult with you on issues related to your company or organisation.\n\nThis may include:\n\n- the company or organisation\u2019s performance, for example financially and competitively\n\n- any changes to your working conditions and employment prospects\n\nThis is called an information and consultation agreement.\n\nYour employer can start negotiating an agreement without a request from its employees.\n\n## How to make a request\n\n- Check that you\u2019re eligible.\n\n- Write to your employer or the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) with your request.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo make a request, you need to be an employee of a company or organisation which has both:\n\n- at least 50 employees\n\n- its registered office, head office or main operation in England, Scotland or Wales\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you work for a company or organisation based in Northern Ireland, unless both of these apply:\n\n- its head office or registered office is in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- the majority of its employees work in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n## Number of employees needed to take part\n\nEmployees can either individually request an arrangement or make a single request as a group.\n\nFor the request to be valid the following must apply:\n\n- at least 2% of all the employees in the company or organisation make a request\n\n- at least 15 employees must make the request\n\n- individual requests must be received within a 6 month period to be counted together\n\n## Find out the number of employees\n\nYou can write to your employer to ask how many people they employ.\n\nYou can complain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if:\n\n- your employer refuses to provide the number of employees\n\n- you think the number they\u2019ve given you is wrong\n\nDownload and fill in the complaint form and send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Make a request\n\nYou can either write to:\n\n- your employer to request an arrangement\n\n- the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) - you can do this if you don\u2019t want your employer to know you\u2019re making a request\n\n## Request direct to your employer\n\nInclude the following:\n\n- the date you\u2019re making the request\n\n- your name and the names of any other employees included in your request\n\n## Request through CAC\n\nEmail enquiries@cac.gov.uk with the following:\n\n- the date you\u2019re making the request\n\n- your name and address\n\n- your employer\u2019s name and address\n\n- the name of the manager who represents the employer\n\nCAC will tell you and the employer how many requests have been made, without revealing the names of the employees.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYour employer can start negotiating with you straight away if they choose to, regardless of how many employees have applied.\n\nIf more than 40% of employees have requested an agreement, your employer must start negotiating with you.\n\nIf less than 40% of employees have requested an agreement, your employer can:\n\n- say that there\u2019s already a pre-existing agreement\n\n- hold an employee ballot to see if they should start negotiations\n\nAn employer can dispute the validity of any request.\n\nCentral Arbitration Committee (CAC) can be asked to decide if \nrequests are valid and if pre-existing agreements already exist.\n\n## Pre-existing agreements\n\nYour employer may say there\u2019s already an agreement about keeping you informed and consulting you.\n\nA pre-existing agreement is a written explanation of how the employer informs and consults employees or representatives. It must:\n\n- cover all employees\n\n- have been agreed by those employees\n\nYou can complain to CAC if you do not agree there\u2019s a pre-existing agreement.\n\n## If a ballot is held\n\nYour employer may hold a ballot (a vote) to decide if they should start negotiating.\n\nThey must:\n\n- tell you no more than 1 month after they get your request that they\u2019re going to hold a ballot\n\n- hold the ballot no sooner than 21 days after they tell you about it\n\nYour employer might decide to hold a combined ballot of all employees if there is already an agreement (or more than one agreement) covering other parts of the business in addition to your own.\n\nAll employees must be allowed to vote in the ballot and the voting must be done in private.\n\n## Results of the ballot\n\nYour employer must start negotiations with you if both these apply:\n\n- at least 40% of employees took part in the ballot\n\n- more than 50% of those voting supported the request for an information and consultation agreement\n\nYou cannot request a new agreement for 3 years if the results of the employee ballot do not meet both these requirements.\n\n## Complain about a ballot\n\nDownload and fill in the relevant complaint form and send it to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if:\n\n- the employer has not told you that they\u2019re holding a ballot within 1 month of getting your request - use form 8(7)\n\n- you think the employer is taking too long to hold a ballot after they\u2019ve said they would and 21 days have passed - use form 8(8)\n\n- you believe the ballot was not fair - make the complaint within 21 days of the ballot using form 10(2)\n\n## Negotiate an agreement\n\nYou need to negotiate with your employer when they agree - or the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) instruct them - to set up an agreement.\n\nThe terms will need to be agreed and written down by your employer and the employee representatives.\n\nIf the negotiations are started by the employer without receiving a request, they must inform all employees in writing about what\u2019s happening. You can complain to CAC if they do not.\n\n## Selection of employee representatives\n\nYour employer must make sure that every employee is represented by at least one representative. They can choose whether this is done by appointing or electing the representatives but all employees have a right to be involved in this process.\n\nComplain to CAC within 21 days of the selection of the representatives if you think your employer has not done this properly.\n\nCAC may tell the employer to rerun the process for appointing or electing representatives.\n\n## If negotiations fail\n\nIf your employer does not enter negotiations or an agreement cannot be reached then they must give you the following information and consult with you on:\n\n- what the company or organisation is doing, its economic situation and its future prospects\n\n- any changes to employee numbers and organisation, employment prospects, and particularly any threats to jobs within the company or organisation\n\n- decisions that might lead to changes in work organisation or in employment contracts including TUPE transfers and collective redundancies\n\n## Complaints when an agreement is in place\n\nComplain to CAC by filling in the relevant form if you believe:\n\n- your employer has not complied with the terms of an agreement\n\n- your employer has made an unreasonable request that you keep information confidential\n\n- that disclosing particular information would harm your business", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    You, together with other employees, can ask your employer to keep you informed and consult with you on issues related to your company or organisation.

    ", + "

    This may include:

    ", + "
  • the company or organisation\u2019s performance, for example financially and competitively
    • ", + "
  • any changes to your working conditions and employment prospects
    • ", + "

    This is called an information and consultation agreement.

    ", + "

    Your employer can start negotiating an agreement without a request from its employees.

    ", + "

    How to make a request

    ", + "
  • Check that you\u2019re eligible.
    • ", + "
  • Write to your employer or the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) with your request.
    • ", + "

    Eligibility

    ", + "

    To make a request, you need to be an employee of a company or organisation which has both:

    ", + "
  • at least 50 employees
    • ", + "
  • its registered office, head office or main operation in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different process if you work for a company or organisation based in Northern Ireland, unless both of these apply:

    ", + "
  • its head office or registered office is in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • the majority of its employees work in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "

    Number of employees needed to take part

    ", + "

    Employees can either individually request an arrangement or make a single request as a group.

    ", + "

    For the request to be valid the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • at least 2% of all the employees in the company or organisation make a request
    • ", + "
  • at least 15 employees must make the request
    • ", + "
  • individual requests must be received within a 6 month period to be counted together
    • ", + "

    Find out the number of employees

    ", + "

    You can write to your employer to ask how many people they employ.

    ", + "

    You can complain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if:

    ", + "
  • your employer refuses to provide the number of employees
    • ", + "
  • you think the number they\u2019ve given you is wrong
    • ", + "

    Download and fill in the complaint form and send it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Make a request

    ", + "

    You can either write to:

    ", + "
  • your employer to request an arrangement
    • ", + "
  • the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) - you can do this if you don\u2019t want your employer to know you\u2019re making a request
    • ", + "

    Request direct to your employer

    ", + "

    Include the following:

    ", + "
  • the date you\u2019re making the request
    • ", + "
  • your name and the names of any other employees included in your request
    • ", + "

    Request through CAC

    ", + "

    Email enquiries@cac.gov.uk with the following:

    ", + "
  • the date you\u2019re making the request
    • ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your employer\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • the name of the manager who represents the employer
    • ", + "

    CAC will tell you and the employer how many requests have been made, without revealing the names of the employees.

    ", + "

    What happens next

    ", + "

    Your employer can start negotiating with you straight away if they choose to, regardless of how many employees have applied.

    ", + "

    If more than 40% of employees have requested an agreement, your employer must start negotiating with you.

    ", + "

    If less than 40% of employees have requested an agreement, your employer can:

    ", + "
  • say that there\u2019s already a pre-existing agreement
    • ", + "
  • hold an employee ballot to see if they should start negotiations
    • ", + "

    An employer can dispute the validity of any request.

    ", + "

    Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) can be asked to decide if \nrequests are valid and if pre-existing agreements already exist.

    ", + "

    Pre-existing agreements

    ", + "

    Your employer may say there\u2019s already an agreement about keeping you informed and consulting you.

    ", + "

    A pre-existing agreement is a written explanation of how the employer informs and consults employees or representatives. It must:

    ", + "
  • cover all employees
    • ", + "
  • have been agreed by those employees
    • ", + "

    You can complain to CAC if you do not agree there\u2019s a pre-existing agreement.

    ", + "

    If a ballot is held

    ", + "

    Your employer may hold a ballot (a vote) to decide if they should start negotiating.

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • tell you no more than 1 month after they get your request that they\u2019re going to hold a ballot
    • ", + "
  • hold the ballot no sooner than 21 days after they tell you about it
    • ", + "

    Your employer might decide to hold a combined ballot of all employees if there is already an agreement (or more than one agreement) covering other parts of the business in addition to your own.

    ", + "

    All employees must be allowed to vote in the ballot and the voting must be done in private.

    ", + "

    Results of the ballot

    ", + "

    Your employer must start negotiations with you if both these apply:

    ", + "
  • at least 40% of employees took part in the ballot
    • ", + "
  • more than 50% of those voting supported the request for an information and consultation agreement
    • ", + "

    You cannot request a new agreement for 3 years if the results of the employee ballot do not meet both these requirements.

    ", + "

    Complain about a ballot

    ", + "

    Download and fill in the relevant complaint form and send it to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if:

    ", + "
  • the employer has not told you that they\u2019re holding a ballot within 1 month of getting your request - use form 8(7)
    • ", + "
  • you think the employer is taking too long to hold a ballot after they\u2019ve said they would and 21 days have passed - use form 8(8)
    • ", + "
  • you believe the ballot was not fair - make the complaint within 21 days of the ballot using form 10(2)
    • ", + "

    Negotiate an agreement

    ", + "

    You need to negotiate with your employer when they agree - or the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) instruct them - to set up an agreement.

    ", + "

    The terms will need to be agreed and written down by your employer and the employee representatives.

    ", + "

    If the negotiations are started by the employer without receiving a request, they must inform all employees in writing about what\u2019s happening. You can complain to CAC if they do not.

    ", + "

    Selection of employee representatives

    ", + "

    Your employer must make sure that every employee is represented by at least one representative. They can choose whether this is done by appointing or electing the representatives but all employees have a right to be involved in this process.

    ", + "

    Complain to CAC within 21 days of the selection of the representatives if you think your employer has not done this properly.

    ", + "

    CAC may tell the employer to rerun the process for appointing or electing representatives.

    ", + "

    If negotiations fail

    ", + "

    If your employer does not enter negotiations or an agreement cannot be reached then they must give you the following information and consult with you on:

    ", + "
  • what the company or organisation is doing, its economic situation and its future prospects
    • ", + "
  • any changes to employee numbers and organisation, employment prospects, and particularly any threats to jobs within the company or organisation
    • ", + "
  • decisions that might lead to changes in work organisation or in employment contracts including TUPE transfers and collective redundancies
    • ", + "

    Complaints when an agreement is in place

    ", + "

    Complain to CAC by filling in the relevant form if you believe:

    ", + "
  • your employer has not complied with the terms of an agreement
    • ", + "
  • your employer has made an unreasonable request that you keep information confidential
    • ", + "
  • that disclosing particular information would harm your business
    • " + ] + }, + "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-action-strikes": { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-action-strikes", + "title": "Taking part in industrial action and strikes", + "content": "## Overview\n\nIndustrial action is when workers:\n\n- go on strike\n\n- take other action, like refusing to do overtime (known as \u2018action short of a strike\u2019)\n\nSometimes an employer may stop their workers from working or coming back to work during a dispute. This is called a \u2018lock-out\u2019.\n\n## Calling industrial action\n\nIndustrial action happens when trade union members are in a dispute with their employers that can\u2019t be solved through negotiations.\n\nA trade union can only call for industrial action if a majority of its members involved support it in a properly organised postal vote - called a \u2018ballot\u2019.\n\nBefore organising a ballot, a union must decide which members affected by a dispute it wants to ask to take industrial action. It must tell all members entitled to vote and the employer what the ballot results were.\n\nA trade union calls industrial action by telling members and the employer when and how this action will be taken. This should be done by a trade union official or committee that has the legal right to do so. Your voting paper must have said who this is.\n\n## Taking part in industrial action - your rights\n\nIf you\u2019re a trade union member, you have the right to vote before your union asks you to take industrial action. You don\u2019t have to take part in industrial action and can\u2019t be disciplined by your union if you don\u2019t.\n\nIf you do get excluded or expelled from your union, you can complain to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Secondary action\n\nIt\u2019s against the law to take part in \u2018secondary action\u2019 (going on strike in sympathy with people who work for a different employer).\n\n## Holding a ballot\n\nYour union must have a vote (a \u2018ballot\u2019) that\u2019s properly organised according to legal rules.\n\n## Properly organised ballots\n\nA ballot for industrial action must:\n\n- be supervised by a qualified independent person (a \u2018scrutineer\u2019 - often someone from an organisation like the Electoral Reform Society) appointed by the union if over 50 members are being balloted\n\n- be held before the union asks members to take or continue taking action\n\n- be open to all members the union wants to take action\n\n- be a postal ballot where members vote by marking a box on a voting paper and return it in a prepaid envelope\n\n- include information on what the ballot is about and where to post your vote\n\nThe union must tell everyone entitled to vote how many people voted, the number of yes votes, no votes or spoiled papers as soon as it can after the ballot.\n\nIt must also give the employer one week\u2019s notice of the start of the ballot and tell them the result as soon as\u00a0possible once it\u2019s available.\n\nThere\u2019s practical guidance on these rules in the code of practice on industrial action ballots.\n\n## Questions on the voting paper\n\nWhen you\u2019re balloted, your voting paper must ask whether you want to take part in either (or both):\n\n- strike action\n\n- action short of a strike\n\nThe union can only call on members to take action if a majority of members who voted were in favour of that particular action. If both questions are asked on the ballot paper and members vote yes to both, the union can decide what industrial action to take.\n\n## Complaining about ballots\n\nYou can apply for a court order if your union breaks the rules on industrial action ballots. You can take legal advice before doing this.\n\nThe court may order the union not to organise action if it decides a ballot wasn\u2019t held according to the rules.\n\nYou can apply for a temporary injunction that tells the union not to call industrial action if your case can\u2019t be heard in court straight away.\n\nIf the union doesn\u2019t do what the court says, you can ask them to \u2018declare the union to be in contempt of court\u2019 and the union can be fined.\n\n## Your employment rights during industrial action\n\nYou have the right to take industrial action and you can\u2019t be legally forced to stay at, or go back to, work (unless a ballot wasn\u2019t organised properly).\n\nIf you take industrial action, you\u2019ll probably have broken (be \u2018in breach of\u2019) your employment contract and your employer:\n\n- is unlikely to pay for the work you didn\u2019t do when you took industrial action\n\n- can sue you for breaking your contract (this doesn\u2019t happen often)\n\nTaking industrial action doesn\u2019t usually mean that your employer will say you\u2019ve broken your period of continuous employment with them. This begins when you start working for your employer and ends on the day your employer uses to calculate your length of service.\n\nHowever, if you take industrial action, your employer will reduce your length of service with them by the number of days you were on strike. This is important when working out your pension and things like statutory redundancy pay.\n\n## Dismissal for industrial action\n\nYou can\u2019t be dismissed for industrial action if:\n\n- it\u2019s called as a result of a properly organised ballot\n\n- it\u2019s about a trade dispute between workers and their employer (eg about your terms and conditions)\n\n- a detailed notice about the industrial action (which is legally required) has been given to the employer at least 7 days before it begins\n\nYou can claim unfair dismissal at an employment tribunal if you\u2019re dismissed for taking industrial action at any time within the 12 weeks after the action began.\n\nAfter 12 weeks, you can be dismissed if you take industrial action and your employer has tried to settle the dispute. For example, your employer may bring in advisers from Acas to help find a solution.\n\n## When you may be dismissed\n\nYou could be dismissed for taking part in industrial action if:\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t held a properly organised ballot\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t given the employer the correct notice for balloting members or taking action\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t called its members to take action because they think the dispute is settled or action is called by someone who doesn\u2019t have the authority to do so\n\n- it\u2019s in support of workers taking action against another employer (otherwise known as \u2018sympathy\u2019 or \u2018secondary\u2019 action)\n\n- it\u2019s in support of only employing union members (otherwise known as a \u2018closed shop\u2019)\n\n- it breaks any other parts of industrial action law\n\nIf you take part in industrial action that breaks the regulations and you\u2019re dismissed, you can\u2019t usually claim unfair dismissal if all employees taking part are dismissed as well.\n\nThere\u2019s more detail on legal rights and protections in the guidance on industrial action and the law.\n\n## Industrial action by non-union members\n\nNon-union members who take part in legal, official industrial action have the same rights as union members not to be dismissed as a result of taking action.\n\n## Going on strike and picketing\n\nA picket line is where workers and union reps (\u2018picketers\u2019 or \u2018pickets\u2019) stand outside a workplace to tell other people why they are striking. Pickets may also ask people not to:\n\n- do some of their usual work\n\n- go into work\n\nPickets must not prevent people from going to work or doing their usual work if they want to do so.\n\nThe picketing code of practice explains the rules around lawful picketing.\n\n## Picketing and the law\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence for pickets to:\n\n- use threatening or abusive behaviour to people walking past or crossing the picket line\n\n- block people or vehicles trying to get into the workplace which is on strike (called \u2018causing an obstruction\u2019 by police)\n\n- carry weapons\n\n- damage property\n\n- cause or threaten to cause a \u2018breach of the peace\u2019\n\n- try to block roads near the picket line (called \u2018causing an obstruction to the public highway\u2019)\n\n- try to stop the police who are outside the workplace from doing their job\n\nYou can have legal action taken against you if you break the law or encourage others to do so when you\u2019re picketing. This includes:\n\n- trespassing (trying to enter a building without permission)\n\n- making a noise nuisance\n\n- using threatening language or offensive material, libel or slander in leaflets, banners, placards, chants or speeches\n\nIf you break a court order banning you or your trade union from holding a picket, you could be open to further legal action (otherwise known as \u2018contempt of court\u2019).\n\n## Mass picketing\n\nPolice have special powers to stop a mass picket if they think there\u2019s a danger of:\n\n- serious public disorder (like a riot)\n\n- serious damage to property\n\nThe Code of Practice on picketing says usually there should be no more than 6 people outside an entrance to a workplace.\n\nIf you don\u2019t stop picketing when told do so by police, you can be arrested.\n\n## Flying pickets\n\nFlying pickets are groups of striking workers that move from one workplace to another to picket them. Usually flying pickets are illegal - you can only join a picket line at your workplace.\n\nTrade union reps can be on picket lines at different workplaces if they\u2019re responsible for organising workers in those workplaces.", + "original_contents": [ + "

    Overview

    ", + "

    Industrial action is when workers:

    ", + "
  • go on strike
    • ", + "
  • take other action, like refusing to do overtime (known as \u2018action short of a strike\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Sometimes an employer may stop their workers from working or coming back to work during a dispute. This is called a \u2018lock-out\u2019.

    ", + "

    Calling industrial action

    ", + "

    Industrial action happens when trade union members are in a dispute with their employers that can\u2019t be solved through negotiations.

    ", + "

    A trade union can only call for industrial action if a majority of its members involved support it in a properly organised postal vote - called a \u2018ballot\u2019.

    ", + "

    Before organising a ballot, a union must decide which members affected by a dispute it wants to ask to take industrial action. It must tell all members entitled to vote and the employer what the ballot results were.

    ", + "

    A trade union calls industrial action by telling members and the employer when and how this action will be taken. This should be done by a trade union official or committee that has the legal right to do so. Your voting paper must have said who this is.

    ", + "

    Taking part in industrial action - your rights

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a trade union member, you have the right to vote before your union asks you to take industrial action. You don\u2019t have to take part in industrial action and can\u2019t be disciplined by your union if you don\u2019t.

    ", + "

    If you do get excluded or expelled from your union, you can complain to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    Secondary action

    ", + "

    It\u2019s against the law to take part in \u2018secondary action\u2019 (going on strike in sympathy with people who work for a different employer).

    ", + "

    Holding a ballot

    ", + "

    Your union must have a vote (a \u2018ballot\u2019) that\u2019s properly organised according to legal rules.

    ", + "

    Properly organised ballots

    ", + "

    A ballot for industrial action must:

    ", + "
  • be supervised by a qualified independent person (a \u2018scrutineer\u2019 - often someone from an organisation like the Electoral Reform Society) appointed by the union if over 50 members are being balloted
    • ", + "
  • be held before the union asks members to take or continue taking action
    • ", + "
  • be open to all members the union wants to take action
    • ", + "
  • be a postal ballot where members vote by marking a box on a voting paper and return it in a prepaid envelope
    • ", + "
  • include information on what the ballot is about and where to post your vote
    • ", + "

    The union must tell everyone entitled to vote how many people voted, the number of yes votes, no votes or spoiled papers as soon as it can after the ballot.

    ", + "

    It must also give the employer one week\u2019s notice of the start of the ballot and tell them the result as soon as\u00a0possible once it\u2019s available.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s practical guidance on these rules in the code of practice on industrial action ballots.

    ", + "

    Questions on the voting paper

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re balloted, your voting paper must ask whether you want to take part in either (or both):

    ", + "
  • strike action
    • ", + "
  • action short of a strike
    • ", + "

    The union can only call on members to take action if a majority of members who voted were in favour of that particular action. If both questions are asked on the ballot paper and members vote yes to both, the union can decide what industrial action to take.

    ", + "

    Complaining about ballots

    ", + "

    You can apply for a court order if your union breaks the rules on industrial action ballots. You can take legal advice before doing this.

    ", + "

    The court may order the union not to organise action if it decides a ballot wasn\u2019t held according to the rules.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a temporary injunction that tells the union not to call industrial action if your case can\u2019t be heard in court straight away.

    ", + "

    If the union doesn\u2019t do what the court says, you can ask them to \u2018declare the union to be in contempt of court\u2019 and the union can be fined.

    ", + "

    Your employment rights during industrial action

    ", + "

    You have the right to take industrial action and you can\u2019t be legally forced to stay at, or go back to, work (unless a ballot wasn\u2019t organised properly).

    ", + "

    If you take industrial action, you\u2019ll probably have broken (be \u2018in breach of\u2019) your employment contract and your employer:

    ", + "
  • is unlikely to pay for the work you didn\u2019t do when you took industrial action
    • ", + "
  • can sue you for breaking your contract (this doesn\u2019t happen often)
    • ", + "

    Taking industrial action doesn\u2019t usually mean that your employer will say you\u2019ve broken your period of continuous employment with them. This begins when you start working for your employer and ends on the day your employer uses to calculate your length of service.

    ", + "

    However, if you take industrial action, your employer will reduce your length of service with them by the number of days you were on strike. This is important when working out your pension and things like statutory redundancy pay.

    ", + "

    Dismissal for industrial action

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t be dismissed for industrial action if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s called as a result of a properly organised ballot
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s about a trade dispute between workers and their employer (eg about your terms and conditions)
    • ", + "
  • a detailed notice about the industrial action (which is legally required) has been given to the employer at least 7 days before it begins
    • ", + "

    You can claim unfair dismissal at an employment tribunal if you\u2019re dismissed for taking industrial action at any time within the 12 weeks after the action began.

    ", + "

    After 12 weeks, you can be dismissed if you take industrial action and your employer has tried to settle the dispute. For example, your employer may bring in advisers from Acas to help find a solution.

    ", + "

    When you may be dismissed

    ", + "

    You could be dismissed for taking part in industrial action if:

    ", + "
  • the union hasn\u2019t held a properly organised ballot
    • ", + "
  • the union hasn\u2019t given the employer the correct notice for balloting members or taking action
    • ", + "
  • the union hasn\u2019t called its members to take action because they think the dispute is settled or action is called by someone who doesn\u2019t have the authority to do so
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s in support of workers taking action against another employer (otherwise known as \u2018sympathy\u2019 or \u2018secondary\u2019 action)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s in support of only employing union members (otherwise known as a \u2018closed shop\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • it breaks any other parts of industrial action law
    • ", + "

    If you take part in industrial action that breaks the regulations and you\u2019re dismissed, you can\u2019t usually claim unfair dismissal if all employees taking part are dismissed as well.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s more detail on legal rights and protections in the guidance on industrial action and the law.

    ", + "

    Industrial action by non-union members

    ", + "

    Non-union members who take part in legal, official industrial action have the same rights as union members not to be dismissed as a result of taking action.

    ", + "

    Going on strike and picketing

    ", + "

    A picket line is where workers and union reps (\u2018picketers\u2019 or \u2018pickets\u2019) stand outside a workplace to tell other people why they are striking. Pickets may also ask people not to:

    ", + "
  • do some of their usual work
    • ", + "
  • go into work
    • ", + "

    Pickets must not prevent people from going to work or doing their usual work if they want to do so.

    ", + "

    The picketing code of practice explains the rules around lawful picketing.

    ", + "

    Picketing and the law

    ", + "

    It\u2019s a criminal offence for pickets to:

    ", + "
  • use threatening or abusive behaviour to people walking past or crossing the picket line
    • ", + "
  • block people or vehicles trying to get into the workplace which is on strike (called \u2018causing an obstruction\u2019 by police)
    • ", + "
  • carry weapons
    • ", + "
  • damage property
    • ", + "
  • cause or threaten to cause a \u2018breach of the peace\u2019
    • ", + "
  • try to block roads near the picket line (called \u2018causing an obstruction to the public highway\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • try to stop the police who are outside the workplace from doing their job
    • ", + "

    You can have legal action taken against you if you break the law or encourage others to do so when you\u2019re picketing. This includes:

    ", + "
  • trespassing (trying to enter a building without permission)
    • ", + "
  • making a noise nuisance
    • ", + "
  • using threatening language or offensive material, libel or slander in leaflets, banners, placards, chants or speeches
    • ", + "

    If you break a court order banning you or your trade union from holding a picket, you could be open to further legal action (otherwise known as \u2018contempt of court\u2019).

    ", + "

    Mass picketing

    ", + "

    Police have special powers to stop a mass picket if they think there\u2019s a danger of:

    ", + "
  • serious public disorder (like a riot)
    • ", + "
  • serious damage to property
    • ", + "

    The Code of Practice on picketing says usually there should be no more than 6 people outside an entrance to a workplace.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t stop picketing when told do so by police, you can be arrested.

    ", + "

    Flying pickets

    ", + "

    Flying pickets are groups of striking workers that move from one workplace to another to picket them. Usually flying pickets are illegal - you can only join a picket line at your workplace.

    ", + "

    Trade union reps can be on picket lines at different workplaces if they\u2019re responsible for organising workers in those workplaces.

    " + ] + } +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/examples/conditionalqa_train.json b/examples/conditionalqa_train.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7b95c03 --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/conditionalqa_train.json @@ -0,0 +1,49490 @@ +[ + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/applying-for-probate", + "scenario": "My father, who was a widower and the owner of several large properties in Wales, died recently and apparently intestate. My paternal uncle is applying for probate, but I believe that I have a stronger claim.", + "question": "Do I have a greater right to probate in respect of my late father's estate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to become the estate\u2019s administrator if you are 18 or over and you are the most \u2018entitled\u2019 inheritor of the deceased\u2019s estate. This is usually the deceased\u2019s closest living relative.

    ", + "

    Relatives are the most entitled inheritors in the following order:

    ", + "
  • children (including legally adopted children but not step-children)
    • ", + "
  • brothers and sisters
    • " + ], + "id": "train-0" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-gender-recognition-certificate", + "scenario": "I was born and raised in Australia. I have changed my gender and got a certificate in Australia. I have moved to UK three years back", + "question": "I would like to know whether I am eligible to apply for Gender Recognition Certificate in UK ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You must be 18 or over.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Apply by the overseas route if your acquired gender has been legally accepted in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019 and you have documents to prove it.

    ", + "

    You must be 18 or over.

    ", + "Overseas route | Form T453 | Leaflet T454", + "

    If you\u2019re applying using the overseas route, you must prove that your gender has been legally recognised in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019. Send original or certified copies of the following (if you have them):

    " + ], + "id": "train-1" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I'm 28, and have worked full-time for my current employer for just over 3 years. My wife is expecting our first child in a few months, and I intend to claim paid Paternity Leave when the baby is born.", + "question": "How much notice am I required to give my employer with regards to the starting date of my leave period?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 15 weeks before the baby is due", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    At least 15 weeks before the baby is due, tell your employer:

    " + ], + "id": "train-2" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-annul-marriage", + "scenario": "My wife and I are both UK Citizens, and have been resident for the whole of our lives. At the time of our marriage three years ago, she was pregnant with what I believed to be our daughter; however, subsequent DNA testing has revealed that I am not the girl's father.", + "question": "Can I have the marriage voided on in the light of this evidence?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that the marriage:

    ", + "
  • was legally valid, but meets one of the reasons that makes it \u2018voidable\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can annul a marriage for a number of reasons, such as:

    ", + "
  • your spouse was pregnant by someone else when you got married
    • " + ], + "id": "train-3" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay", + "scenario": "My partner has just had our second child and she wants to go back to work immediately, I will not be taking time off either.", + "question": "Would we still receive any sort of benefit if we are both working full time?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You and your partner may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • having a baby
    • ", + "

    A mother cannot return to work before the end of the compulsory 2 weeks of maternity leave following the birth (4 weeks if they work in a factory). If you\u2019re adopting, the person claiming adoption pay must take at least 2 weeks of adoption leave.

    " + ], + "id": "train-4" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paying-inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "Before my father died last year June 2021 ,he appointed as his family property executor. I have inherited all our family properties.", + "question": "When can i start paying the inheritance tax ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "by the end of the sixth month after the person died", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must pay Inheritance Tax by the end of the sixth month after the person died.

    " + ], + "id": "train-5" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-will", + "scenario": "I have written a will with a help of a solicitor before six years and I have lot of changes in my assets and I am planning to make some changes to my will", + "question": "Can I make changes to my will once I have signed ? what is the process to amend a will ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "make a new will", + [ + "

    For major changes you should make a new will.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "making an official alteration called a codicil", + [ + "

    You cannot amend your will after it\u2019s been signed and witnessed. The only way you can change a will is by making an official alteration called a codicil.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "follow the same signing and witnessing process", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you want to update your will, you need to make an official alteration (called a \u2018codicil\u2019) or make a new will.

    ", + "

    If you make any changes to your will you must follow the same signing and witnessing process.

    ", + "

    You cannot amend your will after it\u2019s been signed and witnessed. The only way you can change a will is by making an official alteration called a codicil.

    ", + "

    For major changes you should make a new will.

    " + ], + "id": "train-6" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/help-for-disabled-child", + "scenario": "My child is 10 and has cerebal palsy. This means he is unable to walk. It is a struggle for me to get him around the house as his bedroom and the bathroom are upstairs.", + "question": "Where can I get help to make adaptations to my home to help my child?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your local council", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your local council can provide help if you have a disabled child, including:

    ", + "
  • some aids and adaptations
    • ", + "

    Your council has a duty to provide these services under the Children Act 1989. Some are free of charge - the council might ask you to contribute towards others.

    ", + "

    If your home needs to be adapted to meet your child\u2019s needs, you may be able to get a Disabled Facilities Grant to help with the costs.

    " + ], + "id": "train-7" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-gender-recognition-certificate", + "scenario": "I am a 16 year old living in Derby and was born male, I do not feel like I fit into any gender category.", + "question": "What age can I apply for a certificate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "18 or over", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Apply by the standard route if all the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over
    • " + ], + "id": "train-8" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-widow-pension", + "scenario": "I lost my husband in 2007 who was in Armed forces and participated in Afghanistan war in 2001 and had a severe injury and died because of the injury in 2007", + "question": "I was assessed and was told that I am eligible to get War Widow(er) Pension but want to know whether I have to pay tax on it ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not pay tax on it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-9" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I have been a childless person for 10years till i optioned for a surrogacy plan. Today i have welcomed my newborn baby boy martin and i need a time off from work so that i can give my bundle of joy the whole attention he needs.", + "question": "Will my employer give me a paid leave and it will be for how long?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 39 weeks", + [ + "
  • have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the week you were matched with a child
    • ", + "
  • earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week (before tax)
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give proof of the adoption or surrogacy
    • ", + "

    The requirements are the same if you\u2019re in a surrogacy arrangement, except you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the 15th week before the baby\u2019s due.

    ", + "
  • intend to apply for a parental order
    • ", + "
  • expect the order to be granted (for example because you do not have any convictions involving children, and the birth mother or father agree to the arrangement)
    • ", + "
  • be an employee
    • ", + "
  • give proof of the adoption or surrogacy, if your employer asks you for it
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you take time off to adopt a child or have a child through a surrogacy arrangement you might be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Pay
    • ", + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay is paid for up to 39 weeks. The weekly amount is:

    ", + "

    To get Statutory Adoption Leave, you must:

    ", + "
  • be an employee
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give proof of the adoption or surrogacy, if your employer asks you for it
    • ", + "

    To get Statutory Adoption Pay, you must:

    ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the week you were matched with a child
    • ", + "
  • earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week (before tax)
    • ", + "
  • give proof of the adoption or surrogacy
    • ", + "

    The requirements are the same if you\u2019re in a surrogacy arrangement, except you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the 15th week before the baby\u2019s due.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • intend to apply for a parental order
    • ", + "
  • expect the order to be granted (for example because you do not have any convictions involving children, and the birth mother or father agree to the arrangement)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-10" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I am not a British citizen but live in UK for the last 10 years and have Indefinite Leave to Remain permit. I am on a permanent employment and planning to adopt a child in Malaysia", + "question": "What the proof I need to submit to get leave and get paid ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "proof of adoption", + [ + "

    You must give your employer proof of adoption to qualify for Statutory Adoption Pay. Proof is not needed for Statutory Adoption Leave unless they request it.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To get Statutory Adoption Leave, you must:

    ", + "
  • give proof of the adoption or surrogacy, if your employer asks you for it
    • ", + "

    To get Statutory Adoption Pay, you must:

    ", + "
  • give proof of the adoption or surrogacy
    • ", + "

    You must give your employer proof of adoption to qualify for Statutory Adoption Pay. Proof is not needed for Statutory Adoption Leave unless they request it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-11" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-facilities-grants", + "scenario": "My aunt is disabled and owns a big home which needs light and heating system repairs. She is afraid of the house getting moulds and needs urgent repair .", + "question": "Is she allowed to seek disabled facility support?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • household income
    • ", + "
  • household savings over \u00a36,000
    • ", + "

    Depending on your income, you may need to pay towards the cost of the work to the property.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get a grant from your council if you\u2019re disabled and need to make changes to your home, for example to:

    ", + "
  • provide a heating system suitable for your needs
    • ", + "
  • adapt heating or lighting controls to make them easier to use
    • ", + "

    How much you get depends on your:

    ", + "
  • household income
    • ", + "
  • household savings over \u00a36,000
    • ", + "

    Depending on your income, you may need to pay towards the cost of the work to the property.

    " + ], + "id": "train-12" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deputyship-refund", + "scenario": "I am 64, live in Wales and since May 2013 have been the Personal Welfare Deputy for my mother, who has advanced dementia. I believe I was overcharged both for the initial assessment and for annual supervisions in subsequent years.", + "question": "Do I need to make a claim to receive a refund, or is this automatic?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "automatically", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a deputy acting under a current court order, you do not need to apply for a refund. Any overcharged fees will be refunded automatically.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re still acting as a deputy, you do not need to apply. Any overcharged fees will be refunded automatically.

    " + ], + "id": "train-13" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/end-civil-partnership", + "scenario": "I entered into a civil marriage with my ex partner in June 2020 and since then has been abusing me and inserting coercive controls over my life till i have lost my job and got depression. I want to see divorce and take back control of my life.", + "question": "Can i use unreasonable behaviour as the ground to dissolve the partnership ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your civil partner has behaved in a way that means you cannot reasonably be expected to live with them.

    ", + "

    This could include:

    ", + "
  • physical or mental cruelty
    • ", + "
  • verbal or physical abuse
    • " + ], + "id": "train-14" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/the-warm-home-discount-scheme", + "scenario": "I receive guaranteed pension credit and I have a pre-pay electricity meter. I am struggling to pay my bills this winter due to my low income.", + "question": "How much money can I get from the warm home discount scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3140", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get \u00a3140 off your electricity bill for winter 2021 to 2022 under the Warm Home Discount Scheme. The scheme opens on 18 October 2021.

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways to qualify for the Warm Home Discount Scheme:

    ", + "
  • you get the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit - known as the \u2018core group\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can still qualify for the discount if you use a pre-pay or pay-as-you-go electricity meter.

    " + ], + "id": "train-15" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/help-for-disabled-child", + "scenario": "My 4 year old son has been diagnosed with scoliosis, a spinal disorder which will leave him severely restricted mobility. The school which had previously offered him a place in Reception this September is now claiming that they can no longer accept him.", + "question": "Can the school rescind their offer in this manner?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Under the Equality Act 2010, it\u2019s against the law for schools and other education providers to discriminate against disabled children.

    ", + "

    Examples of discrimination include:

    ", + "
  • a school refusing to admit a disabled child just because of their disability
    • " + ], + "id": "train-16" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/help-for-disabled-child", + "scenario": "My youngest child has cerebral palsy and is confined to a wheelchair. I sometimes struggle with caring for him twenty four hours of the day", + "question": "What help is available to people in my situation?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "short break services", + [] + ], + [ + "holiday play schemes", + [] + ], + [ + "care at home", + [] + ], + [ + "some aids and adaptations", + [] + ], + [ + "financial help, eg money towards travel costs for hospital visits", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your local council can provide help if you have a disabled child, including:

    ", + "
  • short break services
    • ", + "
  • holiday play schemes
    • ", + "
  • care at home
    • ", + "
  • some aids and adaptations
    • ", + "
  • financial help, eg money towards travel costs for hospital visits
    • " + ], + "id": "train-17" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-cancel-presumption-death-certificate", + "scenario": "My son went missing over 20 years ago. Last month the high court presumed him dead and any efforts to continue searching have stopped, however there has been a potential sighting of him in another country.", + "question": "We want to overrule and challenge the high court on this decision, how can we do this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "download and fill in claim form n208", + [] + ], + [ + "send the claim to a court that can hear high court cases", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a claim to cancel (\u2018revoke\u2019) or change (\u2018vary\u2019) the details of a declaration of presumed death from the High Court if you can prove the missing person:

    ", + "
  • is still alive
    • ", + "

    Download and fill in claim form N208.

    ", + "

    Send the claim to a court that can hear High Court cases.

    " + ], + "id": "train-18" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-for-injury-received-while-serving", + "scenario": "I was injured when I served in armed forces. As a result I was disabled and had difficulties in performing day to day activities", + "question": "I applied for a lump sum compensation but my claim was rejected. Can I appeal the decision ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can write to Veterans UK to ask them reconsider their decision.

    ", + "

    You can also appeal to an independent tribunal within 12 months.

    " + ], + "id": "train-19" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I recently got a new job, and have worked there for two months. My wife is due to have a baby in 20 weeks.", + "question": "Will I qualify for paternity leave even though I have only worked for my employer for two months?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you take time off because your partner\u2019s having a baby, adopting a child or having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement you might be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • Paternity Pay
    • ", + "

    You must be taking time off to look after the child and be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the father
    • ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019
    • ", + "

    The \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if you adopt.

    " + ], + "id": "train-20" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-annul-marriage", + "scenario": "I am 24 and have lived in the UK for 2 years. Previously I lived in Texas. I have just discovered my husband is actually my cousin! Therefore I want to have my marriage annuled.", + "question": "Can I file an annual petition?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You or your spouse must have either:

    ", + "
  • lived in England or Wales for at least a year
    • ", + "

    You can annul a marriage if it was not legally valid in the first place, for example:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re closely related to the person you married
    • " + ], + "id": "train-21" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-annul-marriage", + "scenario": "I have been trapped in a bad marriage for 1 year with a very abusive husband who has no remorse. I would like to annul the marriage.", + "question": "Can I get an annulment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • it was not consummated - you have not had sexual intercourse with the person you married since the wedding (does not apply for same sex couples)
    • ", + "
  • you did not properly consent to the marriage - for example you were forced into it
    • ", + "
  • the other person had a sexually transmitted disease (STD) when you got married
    • ", + "
  • your spouse was pregnant by someone else when you got married
    • ", + "
  • one spouse is in the process of transitioning to a different gender
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that the marriage:

    ", + "
  • was legally valid, but meets one of the reasons that makes it \u2018voidable\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can annul a marriage for a number of reasons, such as:

    ", + "
  • it was not consummated - you have not had sexual intercourse with the person you married since the wedding (does not apply for same sex couples)
    • ", + "
  • you did not properly consent to the marriage - for example you were forced into it
    • ", + "
  • the other person had a sexually transmitted disease (STD) when you got married
    • ", + "
  • your spouse was pregnant by someone else when you got married
    • ", + "
  • one spouse is in the process of transitioning to a different gender
    • " + ], + "id": "train-22" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/applying-for-probate", + "scenario": "Our father died recently without leaving a will. My siblings and I do not trust our step-mother to act as estate administrator and we would prefer it if one of his children could handle this instead.", + "question": "Can children stop a step-parent from handling their deceased parent's probate affairs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You cannot apply if you\u2019re the partner of the person but were not their spouse or civil partner when they died. You\u2019re not automatically entitled to any of their estate, unless you\u2019re able to make changes to the inheritance.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to become the estate\u2019s administrator if you are 18 or over and you are the most \u2018entitled\u2019 inheritor of the deceased\u2019s estate. This is usually the deceased\u2019s closest living relative.

    ", + "

    Relatives are the most entitled inheritors in the following order:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife or civil partner (including if they were separated)
    • ", + "
  • children (including legally adopted children but not step-children)
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply if you\u2019re the partner of the person but were not their spouse or civil partner when they died. You\u2019re not automatically entitled to any of their estate, unless you\u2019re able to make changes to the inheritance.

    " + ], + "id": "train-23" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-cancel-presumption-death-certificate", + "scenario": "My brother died on January 2nd. His death certificate is inaccurate in this respect. I do not know the doctor who signed the original certificate or why the mistake was made", + "question": "Is it possible to have the death certificate changed given that this happened over six months ago?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-24" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maternity-allowance", + "scenario": "I am twenty weeks pregnant and work part time at present. I am not currently in receipt of any other benefits.", + "question": "Am I eligible for the Maternity allowance and if so how much will I get?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re employed, but cannot get Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • employed or self-employed for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • earning (or classed as earning) \u00a330 a week or more in at least 13 weeks - the weeks do not have to be together
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Maternity Allowance is usually paid to you if you do not qualify for Statutory Maternity Pay.

    ", + "

    You can claim Maternity Allowance as soon as you\u2019ve been pregnant for 26 weeks. Payments can start 11 weeks before your baby is due.

    ", + "

    You could get either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is less) for 39 weeks
    • ", + "
  • \u00a327 a week for 39 weeks
    • ", + "

    You might get Maternity Allowance for 39 weeks if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re employed, but cannot get Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "

    In the 66 weeks before your baby\u2019s due, you must also have been:

    ", + "
  • employed or self-employed for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • earning (or classed as earning) \u00a330 a week or more in at least 13 weeks - the weeks do not have to be together
    • " + ], + "id": "train-25" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paying-inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "My father was a highly successful businessman, with property including a large country house and several holiday homes. Sadly he died 2 months ago. I was named as a beneficiary in his will and now I need to pay the inheritance tax.", + "question": "Is interest payable if I agree to pay it in installments?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You will not pay any interest on the first instalment unless you pay late. On each later instalment you must pay interest on both of the following:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay interest on your instalments. Use the calculator to work out the interest you\u2019ll need to pay.

    ", + "

    You will not pay any interest on the first instalment unless you pay late. On each later instalment you must pay interest on both of the following:

    " + ], + "id": "train-26" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-will", + "scenario": "I remarried last year, in January 2020, and I have been running my large estate alone. I want my partner to help me run my estate business and include him on my will.", + "question": "Will I be allowed to include him in my will?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your will should set out:

    ", + "
  • who you want to benefit from your will
    • ", + "
  • who is going to sort out your estate and carry out your wishes after your death (your executor)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-27" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/applying-for-probate", + "scenario": "My late uncle left a house for me according to his will.He had a sole ownership of the property .It is in a nice high end area and i would like to sell it.", + "question": "Do i need to apply for a probate before i put it on sale?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll get a document that allows you to start dealing with the estate. If the person left a will you\u2019ll get either:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018grant of probate\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can apply for probate if you\u2019re named in the will, or in an update to the will (a \u2018codicil\u2019), as an \u2018executor\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-28" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/manage-missing-persons-finances", + "scenario": "I set up a car-washing business with a friend ten years ago. The business has expanded and is doing well. My friend has been missing for six months, and I have no contact with him.", + "question": "Can I apply to manage my missing business partner's finances in order to continue to run our business?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to be a guardian and manage the finances or property of someone who:

    ", + "
  • is missing
    • ", + "

    The person must be missing from home and their usual activities.

    ", + "

    One of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you do not know where they are
    • ", + "

    You can apply when the person has been missing for the previous 90 days. You can apply earlier if it\u2019s urgent, for example the person\u2019s house is being repossessed.

    ", + "

    You can also apply if you can give the court evidence that you have a \u2018sufficient interest\u2019 in the person\u2019s finances or property. This might be, for example, because:

    ", + "
  • the person is your business partner and you need to continue to run the business
    • " + ], + "id": "train-29" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/applying-for-probate", + "scenario": "My uncle died recently and I was his carer during his illness. He has left me everything in his will.", + "question": "How soon after can I start sending money from the will to the listed people.", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 8 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process. It\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the grant of probate or letters of administration within 8 weeks of sending in your original documents. If you ordered copies of these documents for use outside the UK, these will take longer to arrive.

    ", + "

    You should not make any financial plans or put property on the market until you have received the grant of probate or letters of administration.

    ", + "

    Once you have probate you can start dealing with the estate.

    " + ], + "id": "train-30" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/guardians-allowance", + "scenario": "My brother and his wife tragically died in a car accident last year. I agreed to become the guardians of their children.", + "question": "How much guardian's allowance can I claim?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a318 a week per child", + [ + "
  • you qualify for Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • one of the parents was born in the UK (or was living in the UK since the age of 16 for at least 52 weeks in any 2-year period)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get Guardian\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re bringing up a child whose parents have died. You may also be eligible if there\u2019s one surviving parent.

    ", + "

    The Guardian\u2019s Allowance rate is \u00a318 a week. You get it on top of Child Benefit and it\u2019s tax-free.

    ", + "

    The Guardian Allowance rate is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a318 a week per child
    • " + ], + "id": "train-31" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-concessionary-fuel-scheme", + "scenario": "I used to work as a coal miner for the British Coal Corporation. I no longer work so I have a low income from my pension only. My home was purely heated by solid fuel, but I have recently had gas central heating installed as well.", + "question": "Who do I need to inform of my change in circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the ncfo", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your allowance might be affected if your circumstances change, including:

    ", + "
  • you change your heating arrangements
    • ", + "

    You need to inform the NCFO of any changes in circumstances as your allowance can change. If your allowance goes down, any overpayments must be repaid in full.

    " + ], + "id": "train-32" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-pay-leave", + "scenario": "Me and my husband are both secondary school teachers. We are looking to adopt our first child this year however we will need time off during school days.", + "question": "Can we take both paid time off during school hours?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you take time off to adopt a child or have a child through a surrogacy arrangement you might be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Leave
    • ", + "
  • Statutory Adoption Pay
    • ", + "

    Only 1 person in a couple can take adoption leave. The other partner could get paternity leave instead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-33" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disability-living-allowance-children", + "scenario": "My 9 year old daughter has recently been diagnosed with AML (leukemia), and is likely to require very intensive care over the next few months. We are both UK citizens and have lived in the UK for all of her life.", + "question": "Can I claim Disability Living Allowance to offset the costs of her care and transportation costs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    They must have had these difficulties for at least 3 months and expect them to last for at least 6 months. If they\u2019re terminally ill (that is, not expected to live more than 6 months), they do not need to have had these difficulties for 3 months.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children may help with the extra costs of looking after a child who:

    ", + "
  • is under 16
    • ", + "
  • has difficulties walking or needs much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability
    • ", + "

    They will need to meet all the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    Usually, to qualify for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children the child must:

    ", + "
  • be under 16 - anyone over 16 must apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • need extra looking after or have walking dif\ufb01culties
    • ", + "
  • be in Great Britain, a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland when you claim - there are some exceptions, such as family members of the Armed Forces
    • ", + "
  • have lived in Great Britain for at least 6 of the last 12 months, if over 3 years old
    • ", + "
  • be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • not be subject to immigration control
    • ", + "

    The child\u2019s disability or health condition must mean at least one of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they need much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability
    • ", + "

    They must have had these difficulties for at least 3 months and expect them to last for at least 6 months. If they\u2019re terminally ill (that is, not expected to live more than 6 months), they do not need to have had these difficulties for 3 months.

    ", + "

    To claim DLA for a child you need to be their parent or look after them as if you\u2019re their parent. This includes step-parents, guardians, grandparents, foster-parents or older brothers or sisters.

    " + ], + "id": "train-34" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "We are blessed with triplet baby boys. I am so happy about it. I am planning take paternity leave to take care of the boys", + "question": "Can I take paid paternity leave and how many weeks of paternity leave can I take off in one go?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "1 or 2 weeks", + [ + "
  • be an employee
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you take time off because your partner\u2019s having a baby, adopting a child or having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement you might be eligible for:

    ", + "
  • 1 or 2 weeks\u2019 paid Paternity Leave
    • ", + "

    You can choose to take either 1 or 2 weeks. You get the same amount of leave if your partner has a multiple birth (such as twins).

    ", + "

    You must take your leave in one go. A week is the same amount of days that you normally work in a week - for example, a week is 2 days if you only work on Mondays and Tuesdays.

    ", + "

    You must be taking time off to look after the child and be one of the following:

    ", + "
  • the father
    • ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • be an employee
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019
    • " + ], + "id": "train-35" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deputyship-refund", + "scenario": "I checked my bank account I have noticed that I have been overcharged by the OPG for my deputyship assessment which took place in May 2010.", + "question": "Will this payment happen automatically or will I need to apply?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "automatically", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re a deputy acting under a current court order, you do not need to apply for a refund. Any overcharged fees will be refunded automatically.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re still acting as a deputy, you do not need to apply. Any overcharged fees will be refunded automatically.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "make a claim", + [ + "
  • had a deputy previously
    • ", + "
  • are acting on behalf of someone who had a deputy and has died
    • ", + "

    The deputyship must have been active between 1 April 2008 and 31 March 2015.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might be eligible for a refund if you were overcharged deputyship fees by the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) for England and Wales.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a deputy acting under a current court order, you do not need to apply for a refund. Any overcharged fees will be refunded automatically.

    ", + "

    You can make a claim if you:

    ", + "
  • had a deputy previously
    • ", + "
  • are acting on behalf of someone who had a deputy and has died
    • ", + "

    The deputyship must have been active between 1 April 2008 and 31 March 2015.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re still acting as a deputy, you do not need to apply. Any overcharged fees will be refunded automatically.

    " + ], + "id": "train-36" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/guardians-allowance", + "scenario": "I have been looking after my late brothers child for the past 6 years, the child is turning 18 next month but is still in education.", + "question": "Will I still receive guardians allowance payments for my dependant?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-37" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-for-injury-received-while-serving", + "scenario": "I served with the Royal Engineers during the war in Afghanistan from 2012-13, and now believe I have recently begun to experience traumatic flashbacks.", + "question": "Can I claim for Post-Traumatic Stress, given the lateness of the onset of this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim compensation for any injury or illness that happened as a result of your service, including physical and mental conditions.

    ", + "

    To qualify you must be:

    ", + "
  • a current or former member of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • applying no later than 7 years after the injury or illness, unless you\u2019re claiming for an illness that started later (sometimes known as a \u2018late onset illness\u2019)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-38" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-injuries-disablement-benefit", + "scenario": "I was badly injured whilst working on a construction site. I was evaluated as 80% disabled. I have no idea if or whether I will be able to return to work.", + "question": "How much can I claim from this benefit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3146.32", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might get Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) if you became ill or are disabled because of an accident or disease either:

    ", + "
  • at work
    • ", + "

    The amount you may get depends on your individual circumstances.

    ", + "

    The level of your disability will affect the amount of benefit you may get. This will be assessed by a \u2018medical advisor\u2019 on a scale of 1 to 100%.

    ", + "Assessed level of disablement | Weekly amount", + "80% | \u00a3146.32" + ], + "id": "train-39" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/manage-missing-persons-finances", + "scenario": "I am 34, live in the UK and have a 30 year old brother who works for a charity in Senegal. He failed to turn up for work one day just over six months ago, and is now officially listed as \"missing\" by the UK Foreign Office and the Sengalese government. He has no partner or children.", + "question": "If I apply to be his Guardian, who exactly do I need to notify of this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "parents, brothers and sisters", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll need to tell the missing person\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • parents, brothers and sisters
    • " + ], + "id": "train-40" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My wife is pregnant, with the baby due in 6 months. I want to take some leave from my full time job to spend time with her and the baby. I started in the job 20 weeks ago.", + "question": "How long do I need to be employed for before I can take paternity leave?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "26 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019
    • ", + "

    The \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if you adopt.

    " + ], + "id": "train-41" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-help-with-your-tax-credits-claim", + "scenario": "I am 28, and have a 30 year old brother who has recently developed paranoid schizophrenia, resulting in him being sectioned under the Mental Health Act. I have a UK bank account.", + "question": "Can I be appointed to handle my brother's existing tax credit claims?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get permission to deal with someone else\u2019s tax credits. The type of permission you need depends on what you want to do.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • take responsibility for someone else\u2019s tax credit claim when they cannot manage their own affairs - as an appointee
    • ", + "

    You must be over 18 and have a bank account. You do not have to be a relative.

    " + ], + "id": "train-42" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay", + "scenario": "I am having a baby with my partner in 3 months and we both work full-time. I would like to share my parental leave with my partner when the baby is born. I will have parental responsibility for the new baby.", + "question": "Can I take shared parental leave at the same time as my partner?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You and your partner may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • having a baby
    • ", + "

    You can use SPL to take leave in blocks separated by periods of work, or take it all in one go. You can also choose to be off work together or to stagger the leave and pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-43" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-cancel-presumption-death-certificate", + "scenario": "I am 52 and live in England, and five years ago my father disappeared whilst on a holiday abroad. His civil partner had him declared legally dead two years later. I have, however, uncovered evidence that he may still be alive, and wish to have the certificate of presumed death revoked.", + "question": "Do I need to send a copy of my claim to my father's civil partner?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a claim to cancel (\u2018revoke\u2019) or change (\u2018vary\u2019) the details of a declaration of presumed death from the High Court if you can prove the missing person:

    ", + "
  • is still alive
    • ", + "

    Send a copy of form N208 with an acknowledgment of service form within 7 days of the issue date the court has put on the form to:

    ", + "
  • the person who made the original claim
    • ", + "
  • the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, parents, children and siblings - if none of these are alive, send it to the missing person\u2019s nearest relative
    • " + ], + "id": "train-44" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-will", + "scenario": "I am a living person who wants to make a will so that I can leave a bequest to a charity and also leave some of my possessions to my dependants.", + "question": "I want to make a will, do I need legal advice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can write your will yourself, but you should get advice if your will is not straightforward.

    ", + "

    You can get advice from a professional if your will is not straightforward, for example:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can write your will yourself, but you should get advice if your will is not straightforward.

    ", + "

    You can also include a charity in your will.

    ", + "

    You can get advice from a professional if your will is not straightforward, for example:

    " + ], + "id": "train-45" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-facilities-grants", + "scenario": "I am disabled and recently rented a property but does not have the required ramp access. Also I intend to live here for at least three years", + "question": "Can I apply for Disabled Facilities Grants given I am planning to live for 3 years ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get a grant from your council if you\u2019re disabled and need to make changes to your home, for example to:

    ", + "
  • widen doors and install ramps
    • ", + "

    You or someone living in your property must be disabled. Either you or the person you\u2019re applying for must:

    ", + "
  • own the property or be a tenant
    • ", + "
  • intend to live in the property during the grant period (which is currently 5 years)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-46" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/childcare-grant", + "scenario": "I left school at 16 and went straight into work. Now I am 26, I have a child aged 5, and my earnings are not enough. I want to go to university to study healthcare full time, so I can get a better job. I will need support for childcare whilst I am studying.", + "question": "What is the maximum weekly payment can I claim?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3179.62", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be eligible for help with your childcare costs if you:

    ", + "
  • are a full-time higher education student
    • ", + "
  • have children under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs
    • ", + "

    The maximum you can get is:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a3179.62 a week for 1 child
    • " + ], + "id": "train-47" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/manage-missing-persons-finances", + "scenario": "I was on holiday with my husband in Eritrea. He was framed for a crime he didn't commit and has been imprisoned there. The authorities wont let me communicate with him, so I need to get control of his finances in order to pay the bills until he is released.", + "question": "What form do I need to fill in to apply to for a guardianship order?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "part 8 claim form", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Download and fill in a part 8 claim form.

    " + ], + "id": "train-48" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "My father died recently, leaving his \u00a3400,000 home to me in his will. He also gave gifts of approximately \u00a3250,000 total value to myself and my two siblings over the preceding three years.", + "question": "Will I/we have to pay inheritance tax on either the property or the gifts?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if either:

    ", + "
  • the value of your estate is below the \u00a3325,000 threshold
    • ", + "
  • you leave everything above the \u00a3325,000 threshold to your spouse, civil partner, a charity or a community amateur sports club
    • ", + "

    If you give away your home to your children (including adopted, foster or stepchildren) or grandchildren your threshold can increase to \u00a3500,000.

    " + ], + "id": "train-49" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-concessionary-fuel-scheme", + "scenario": "My late husband used to work at British coal coorperation and died last year Feburary due to a long term illness. I am now a windower and would like to apply for NCFS because he qualified before he met his unfortunate death.", + "question": "Am i eligible for this National consessionary fuel scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might be eligible for the allowance if you\u2019re the widow or widower of an ex-employee, if the employee qualified for the NCFS.

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS) if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a widow or widower of an ex-employee who would have been eligible
    • " + ], + "id": "train-50" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-concessionary-fuel-scheme", + "scenario": "I worked for the National Coal Board for thirty years and have now retired. I have a wife and two grown up children and am claiming a state pension.", + "question": "Does my employment history entitle me to any sort of fuel payment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You need to qualify to get the fuel allowance through the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS), and you can only get the cash allowance if you\u2019re already getting fuel through the scheme.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get free solid fuel or a cash allowance for fuel if you\u2019re an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC).

    ", + "

    You need to qualify to get the fuel allowance through the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS), and you can only get the cash allowance if you\u2019re already getting fuel through the scheme.

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS) if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-51" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I live in England, and my wife and I will soon be welcoming our first adoptive child into our home. As a full time employee who has been with the same company for 4 years, I have decided to take my full 52-week entitlement of Adoption Leave and have given the required notice to my employer.", + "question": "Is it possible for my wife to claim Paternity Leave (even though she is a woman)?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-52" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/applying-for-probate", + "scenario": "I am 50 years old. My Uncle has recently died and I believe that there are no close surviving family members, making me next in line. He had a house and savings and did not have a will. I want to find out how to become an administrator of the estate.", + "question": "What is the form I need to fill in to apply for probate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "form pa1a", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to become the estate\u2019s administrator if you are 18 or over and you are the most \u2018entitled\u2019 inheritor of the deceased\u2019s estate. This is usually the deceased\u2019s closest living relative.

    ", + "

    Fill in application form PA1A if there is not a will.

    " + ], + "id": "train-53" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-concessionary-fuel-scheme", + "scenario": "My father sadly passed away last month. He was getting fuel through the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme. My mother is still alive and I need to find out for her whether she is now eligible for the allowance.", + "question": "Is my mother eligible for the allowance after my dad's death?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might be eligible for the allowance if you\u2019re the widow or widower of an ex-employee, if the employee qualified for the NCFS.

    ", + "

    You might be eligible for the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS) if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a widow or widower of an ex-employee who would have been eligible
    • " + ], + "id": "train-54" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unclaimed-estates-bona-vacantia", + "scenario": "My neighbour died 20 years ago and has no family or known relatives. His house in England has been lying unattended for long time and has been infested by rodents and bushes.", + "question": "Whom can I contact to take up this house which has been left unattended?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the bodies representing the crown", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you know someone who has died with no will or known blood relatives, you can tell one of the bodies representing the Crown about their estate.

    ", + "

    You should only refer an estate if:

    ", + "
  • there are no blood relatives
    • " + ], + "id": "train-55" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "My husband died last year January and i inherited our family home of \u00a3300,000. I am a sole custodian and no children.", + "question": "Will I be required to pay inheritance tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Inheritance Tax is a tax on the estate (the property, money and possessions) of someone who\u2019s died.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if either:

    ", + "
  • the value of your estate is below the \u00a3325,000 threshold
    • " + ], + "id": "train-56" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/guardians-allowance", + "scenario": "My daughter was a single parent and she died three months ago, leaving two children behind. I have been looking after them ever since.", + "question": "How do I go about claiming Guardian's Benefit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "fill in the claim form (bg1)", + [] + ], + [ + "send it to the guardian\u2019s allowance unit with the child\u2019s full birth certificate and the parents\u2019 death certificates", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get Guardian\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re bringing up a child whose parents have died. You may also be eligible if there\u2019s one surviving parent.

    ", + "
  • Fill in the claim form (BG1).
    • ", + "
  • Send it to the Guardian\u2019s Allowance Unit with the child\u2019s full birth certificate and the parents\u2019 death certificates (or certificate if one parent has died) - send originals.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-57" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-tribunal", + "scenario": "I am a UK taxpayer and I believe my income tax has been miscalculated by HMRC. They have sent me a letter telling me I owe them \u00a35000. I want to appeal this decision.", + "question": "When will I receive the tribunal decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 1 month", + [ + "
  • in writing within 1 month, if you\u2019ve had a \u2018basic\u2019 case - you\u2019ll sometimes get a decision on the day
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "within 2 months", + [ + "
  • in writing within 2 months, if you\u2019ve had a \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018complex\u2019 hearing
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the tribunal\u2019s decision:

    ", + "
  • in writing within 1 month, if you\u2019ve had a \u2018basic\u2019 case - you\u2019ll sometimes get a decision on the day
    • ", + "
  • in writing within 2 months, if you\u2019ve had a \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018complex\u2019 hearing
    • " + ], + "id": "train-58" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "My grandson is a first time buyer and want to buy a house but short of deposit monies and asked me whether he can borrow some from me", + "question": "What are the implications of tax if I have to contribute some money to my grandson's deposit ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "pay inheritance tax", + [ + "

    People you give gifts to will be charged Inheritance Tax if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 in the 7 years before your death.

    ", + "

    People you give gifts to might have to pay Inheritance Tax, but only if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 and die within 7 years.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Some gifts you give while you\u2019re alive may be taxed after your death. Depending on when you gave the gift, \u2018taper relief\u2019 might mean the Inheritance Tax charged on the gift is less than 40%.

    ", + "

    People you give gifts to might have to pay Inheritance Tax, but only if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 and die within 7 years.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s usually no Inheritance Tax to pay on small gifts you make out of your normal income, such as Christmas or birthday presents. These are known as \u2018exempted gifts\u2019.

    ", + "

    People you give gifts to will be charged Inheritance Tax if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 in the 7 years before your death.

    ", + "

    You can give away \u00a33,000 worth of gifts each tax year (6 April to 5 April) without them being added to the value of your estate. This is known as your \u2018annual exemption\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-59" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-widow-pension", + "scenario": "My aunt has been a widow for a year now after her husband died during an ambush in iraq. He left her with 3 young children aged below 10years. She want to claim for a war widow pension.", + "question": "Can she claim for a War Widow Pension?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be entitled to War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension if your wife, husband or civil partner died as a result of their service in Her Majesty\u2019s (HM) Armed Forces or during a time of war.

    ", + "

    They must have served before 6 April 2005, but you may be eligible if they died of an illness or injury later.

    ", + "

    One of the following must apply. Your husband, wife or civil partner:

    ", + "
  • died as result of their service in HM Armed Forces before 6 April 2005
    • ", + "

    If your partner was injured, developed an illness or died as a result of service on or after 6 April 2005, you can claim through the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme.

    " + ], + "id": "train-60" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "My divorced father is terminally ill. He has left his estate to me in his will, including his house which is worth around \u00a3750,000.", + "question": "What is the threshold above which inheritance tax is due?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3500,000", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if either:

    ", + "
  • the value of your estate is below the \u00a3325,000 threshold
    • ", + "

    If you give away your home to your children (including adopted, foster or stepchildren) or grandchildren your threshold can increase to \u00a3500,000.

    " + ], + "id": "train-61" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maternity-allowance", + "scenario": "I am currently on a permanent role and 27 weeks pregnant at the moment. I was told that I am not eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay but eligible for Maternity allowance.", + "question": "How much I will get?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is less)", + [ + "
  • employed or self-employed for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • earning (or classed as earning) \u00a330 a week or more in at least 13 weeks - the weeks do not have to be together
    • ", + "

    To get the full amount of Maternity Allowance, you must have paid Class 2 National Insurance for at least 13 of the 66 weeks before your baby\u2019s due.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a327 a week", + [ + "
  • employed or self-employed for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • earning (or classed as earning) \u00a330 a week or more in at least 13 weeks - the weeks do not have to be together
    • ", + "

    If you have not paid enough Class 2 National Insurance to get the full rate (\u00a3151.97 a week), you\u2019ll get \u00a327 a week for 39 weeks. You still need to meet all the other eligibility criteria to get this amount.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is less) for 39 weeks
    • ", + "
  • \u00a327 a week for 39 weeks
    • ", + "

    You might get Maternity Allowance for 39 weeks if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re employed, but cannot get Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "

    In the 66 weeks before your baby\u2019s due, you must also have been:

    ", + "
  • employed or self-employed for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • earning (or classed as earning) \u00a330 a week or more in at least 13 weeks - the weeks do not have to be together
    • ", + "

    To get the full amount of Maternity Allowance, you must have paid Class 2 National Insurance for at least 13 of the 66 weeks before your baby\u2019s due.

    ", + "

    If you have not paid enough Class 2 National Insurance to get the full rate (\u00a3151.97 a week), you\u2019ll get \u00a327 a week for 39 weeks. You still need to meet all the other eligibility criteria to get this amount.

    " + ], + "id": "train-62" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deputyship-refund", + "scenario": "My uncle has parkinsonism disease and appointed me to oversee his estate as his property deputy but during the application process i was overchaged by \u00a3100 by the office of the Guardian and i need a refund.", + "question": "How long will it take for me to get the refund?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 10 weeks to get a decision and a further 2 weeks to receive the refund", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It can take up to 10 weeks to get a decision and a further 2 weeks to receive the refund.

    " + ], + "id": "train-63" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-for-injury-received-while-serving", + "scenario": "I was injured while serving 10 years ago. The severity of my illness has increased to the point where I am now no longer able to work.", + "question": "Can I still claim compensation?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim compensation for any injury or illness that happened as a result of your service, including physical and mental conditions.

    ", + "

    To qualify you must be:

    ", + "
  • a current or former member of the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • applying no later than 7 years after the injury or illness, unless you\u2019re claiming for an illness that started later (sometimes known as a \u2018late onset illness\u2019)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-64" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-will", + "scenario": "I am 68, live in Scotland and have been diagnosed with terminal cancer. I am of sound mind and wish to make my will, but am concerned about the safety of the witnessing procedure as I am currently immunocompromised due to the side effects of my chemotherapy.", + "question": "Can my will signing be witnessed remotely via videoconferencing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to get your will formally witnessed and signed to make it legally valid.

    ", + "

    For your will to be legally valid, you must:

    ", + "
  • sign it in the presence of 2 witnesses who are both over 18
    • ", + "
  • have it signed by your 2 witnesses, in your presence
    • ", + "

    Signing can be witnessed both in person and remotely (for example by video conferencing). In both cases:

    ", + "
  • you must have a clear view of the person and the act of signing
    • ", + "
  • the will maker (or person authorised to sign on their behalf) and witnesses must sign the same document
    • ", + "

    You can only sign remotely in England or Wales.

    " + ], + "id": "train-65" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-for-injury-received-while-serving", + "scenario": "I spent ten years in the army and suffered injuries to my right leg which meant that I was not able to serve any longer.", + "question": "Can i claim compensation for the injury I suffred during my service?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim compensation if you were injured or got an illness while serving in the armed forces (including the reserve forces).

    ", + "

    You can claim compensation for any injury or illness that happened as a result of your service, including physical and mental conditions.

    " + ], + "id": "train-66" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-declaration-presumed-death", + "scenario": "My civil partner went missing just over 7 years ago. We are both British but he disappeared in Canada where we were living at the time; I came home to live in Wales 18 months ago.", + "question": "Can I make a claim for a declaration of presumed death even though the missing person went missing abroad and was not living in England or Wales at the time?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a claim for a \u2018declaration of presumed death\u2019 from the High Court if someone you know in England and Wales has been missing for:

    ", + "
  • 7 years or more
    • ", + "

    You can make a claim if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "

    To make a claim one or more of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you treat England or Wales as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date you make the claim
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you\u2019ve been living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date you make the claim
    • " + ], + "id": "train-67" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-sick-pay", + "scenario": "I work as a healthcare assistant and i have tested positive for corona virus and i am in isolation with severe covid symptoms. I can\u2019t go to work due to this effect and i want to seek income support from my employer.", + "question": "Can i get help and how much will my employer pay me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a396.35 a week", + [ + "

    To qualify for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) you must:

    ", + "
  • be classed as an employee and have done some work for your employer
    • ", + "
  • earn an average of at least \u00a3120 per week
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get \u00a396.35 per week Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) if you\u2019re too ill to work. It\u2019s paid by your employer for up to 28 weeks.

    ", + "

    You could get SSP if you\u2019re self-isolating because:

    ", + "
  • you or someone you live with has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19
    • ", + "

    You could get SSP for every day you\u2019re off work.

    ", + "

    You can get \u00a396.35 a week Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) for up to 28 weeks.

    ", + "

    You can get SSP for every day you were self-isolating if you started on or after 13 March.

    ", + "

    To qualify for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) you must:

    ", + "
  • be classed as an employee and have done some work for your employer
    • ", + "
  • earn an average of at least \u00a3120 per week
    • " + ], + "id": "train-68" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "On the 10th of September my wife is due to give birth to our first child and I am very excited . I want to get time off during this period to bond with my child and support my wife.", + "question": "When should I tell my employer that I want to take paternity leave?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 15 weeks before the baby is due", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    At least 15 weeks before the baby is due, tell your employer:

    " + ], + "id": "train-69" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paying-inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "Following my father's death four months ago I applied for and was granted probate. I have now received a Payment Reference Number from the Inland Revenue, and am ready to settle the inheritance tax bill for his estate.", + "question": "As I have probate, is it possible to pay the bill using funds from my late father's bank account?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can pay using the deceased\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • bank accounts - including National Savings and Investments (NS&I) accounts
    • ", + "

    You can ask banks, building societies or National Savings & Investments (NS&I) to pay some or all of the Inheritance Tax due from the deceased person\u2019s accounts to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is called the \u2018Direct Payment Scheme\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-70" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maternity-allowance", + "scenario": "I am 30 weeks pregnant and i can\u2019t keep up with my work as i used to be. I want to apply for maternity allowance.", + "question": "Am i eligible and will it affect any other benefits i am getting?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re employed, but cannot get Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "
  • employed or self-employed for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • earning (or classed as earning) \u00a330 a week or more in at least 13 weeks - the weeks do not have to be together
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Maternity Allowance is usually paid to you if you do not qualify for Statutory Maternity Pay.

    ", + "

    Any money you get can affect your other benefits.

    ", + "

    You might get Maternity Allowance for 39 weeks if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re employed, but cannot get Statutory Maternity Pay
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "
  • employed or self-employed for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • earning (or classed as earning) \u00a330 a week or more in at least 13 weeks - the weeks do not have to be together
    • " + ], + "id": "train-71" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/childcare-grant", + "scenario": "I am undertaking a pre registered pharmacist course for academic year 2022-2022 and i want educational support to care to my 6 years old child who has autism", + "question": "Do i repay it back in the future if I claim this benefit now?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be eligible for help with your childcare costs if you:

    ", + "
  • are a full-time higher education student
    • ", + "
  • have children under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs
    • ", + "

    The grant:

    ", + "
  • does not have to be paid back
    • " + ], + "id": "train-72" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-for-injury-received-while-serving", + "scenario": "My brother got an accident last year during his training in the Armed forces and lost right arm. Life has become very difficult because he must be supported and aided to do his tasks.", + "question": "How much lumpsum of money can he get from the claim?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "between \u00a31,236 and \u00a3650,000", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim compensation if you were injured or got an illness while serving in the armed forces (including the reserve forces).

    ", + "

    Compensation may include:

    ", + "
  • a lump sum
    • ", + "

    You can claim compensation for any injury or illness that happened as a result of your service, including physical and mental conditions.

    ", + "

    You can also claim:

    ", + "
  • if you were injured during a service-related activity, eg a training exercise
    • ", + "

    If your claim is successful, you\u2019ll get a tax-free lump sum payment between \u00a31,236 and \u00a3650,000. The amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.

    " + ], + "id": "train-73" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay", + "scenario": "We been married for 3 years and been blessed with a baby girl a week back. We thinking to avail Shared Parental Leave and Pay", + "question": "Given our baby already born , are we eligible for Shared Parental Leave and Pay ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date
    • ", + "
  • stay with the same employer until you start your SPL
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL, you must be \u2018employees\u2019 (not \u2018workers\u2019) - check your employment status. If either of you is a \u2018worker\u2019, you might be able to share ShPP but not SPL.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for ShPP, you must each earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week each, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), you may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    You must tell your employer about your plans for leave when you apply for SPL. You can change these plans later but you must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice before you want to begin a block of leave.

    ", + "
  • follow the rules for starting SPL and ShPP
    • ", + "
  • give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 written notice of your leave dates
    • ", + "
  • meet the eligibility criteria - there\u2019s different criteria for birth parents and criteria for adoptive parents or parents using a surrogate
    • ", + "
  • give notice to your employers
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You and your partner may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • having a baby
    • ", + "

    To get SPL and ShPP, you and your partner need to:

    ", + "
  • meet the eligibility criteria - there\u2019s different criteria for birth parents and criteria for adoptive parents or parents using a surrogate
    • ", + "
  • give notice to your employers
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL and ShPP, you and your partner must:

    ", + "
  • have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date
    • ", + "
  • stay with the same employer until you start your SPL
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for SPL, you must be \u2018employees\u2019 (not \u2018workers\u2019) - check your employment status. If either of you is a \u2018worker\u2019, you might be able to share ShPP but not SPL.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for ShPP, you must each earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week each, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), you may still be eligible.

    ", + "

    You can only start Shared Parental Leave (SPL) or Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) once the child has been born or placed for adoption.

    ", + "

    You must tell your employer about your plans for leave when you apply for SPL. You can change these plans later but you must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice before you want to begin a block of leave.

    ", + "

    To get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) or Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) you must:

    ", + "
  • follow the rules for starting SPL and ShPP
    • ", + "
  • give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 written notice of your leave dates
    • " + ], + "id": "train-74" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maternity-allowance", + "scenario": "I am 32, self-employed and currently 26 weeks pregnant with my first child. My average income over the last year has been approximately \u00a3120 pcw, and I have paid my Class 2 National Insurance Contributions.", + "question": "Do I qualify for Maternity Allowance, and if so for how many weeks of it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "39 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is less) for 39 weeks
    • ", + "

    You might get Maternity Allowance for 39 weeks if one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "

    In the 66 weeks before your baby\u2019s due, you must also have been:

    ", + "
  • employed or self-employed for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • earning (or classed as earning) \u00a330 a week or more in at least 13 weeks - the weeks do not have to be together
    • ", + "

    To get the full amount of Maternity Allowance, you must have paid Class 2 National Insurance for at least 13 of the 66 weeks before your baby\u2019s due.

    " + ], + "id": "train-75" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/help-for-disabled-child", + "scenario": "I own a home where I live with my seven year old son. My son needs to use a wheelchair, but the dimensions of a few of my hallways and rooms are not suitable for his wheelchair.", + "question": "Who can I speak to about the best home adaptations for my child?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your local council", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your local council can provide help if you have a disabled child, including:

    ", + "
  • some aids and adaptations
    • ", + "

    Your council has a duty to provide these services under the Children Act 1989. Some are free of charge - the council might ask you to contribute towards others.

    ", + "

    If you think your child may qualify, contact the social services team at your local council.

    ", + "

    If your home needs to be adapted to meet your child\u2019s needs, you may be able to get a Disabled Facilities Grant to help with the costs.

    " + ], + "id": "train-76" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/childcare-grant", + "scenario": "I have just enrolled onto a 6 month full time training course but I will still be working part time on top of attending education.", + "question": "Will I still be eligible for a help with childcare costs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • your child must be under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs
    • ", + "
  • you get undergraduate student finance based on your household income, or are eligible to
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not getting a Postgraduate Loan
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a permanent resident in England
    • ", + "
  • the children in your grant application are financially dependent on you
    • ", + "
  • your childcare provider is on the Ofsted Early Years Register or General Childcare Register - check with your provider
    • ", + "
  • if your child is cared for at home, the carer cannot be a relative and must be registered with an appropriate body - check with Student Finance England
    • ", + "
  • neither you or your partner are claiming Tax-Free Childcare, the childcare element of working Tax Credit or Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • neither you or your partner receive help with childcare costs from the National Health Service (NHS)
    • ", + "

    You must be eligible for student finance to apply for a Childcare Grant.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be eligible for help with your childcare costs if you:

    ", + "
  • are a full-time higher education student
    • ", + "
  • have children under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs
    • ", + "

    You must be eligible for student finance to apply for a Childcare Grant.

    ", + "

    To qualify for a Childcare Grant all the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a full-time student
    • ", + "
  • your child must be under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs
    • ", + "
  • you get undergraduate student finance based on your household income, or are eligible to
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not getting a Postgraduate Loan
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a permanent resident in England
    • ", + "
  • the children in your grant application are financially dependent on you
    • ", + "
  • your childcare provider is on the Ofsted Early Years Register or General Childcare Register - check with your provider
    • ", + "
  • if your child is cared for at home, the carer cannot be a relative and must be registered with an appropriate body - check with Student Finance England
    • ", + "
  • neither you or your partner are claiming Tax-Free Childcare, the childcare element of working Tax Credit or Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • neither you or your partner receive help with childcare costs from the National Health Service (NHS)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-77" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-facilities-grants", + "scenario": "My wife and I currently live in accomodation which I own, and she has recently become paraplegic as the result of a traffic accident. We have savings of around \u00a35,000 and live in England.", + "question": "Can we apply for a Disabled Facilities Grant to help cover the cost of adapting our home?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • household income
    • ", + "
  • intend to live in the property during the grant period (which is currently 5 years)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get a grant from your council if you\u2019re disabled and need to make changes to your home, for example to:

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your:

    ", + "
  • household income
    • ", + "
  • household savings over \u00a36,000
    • ", + "

    Depending on your income, you may need to pay towards the cost of the work to the property.

    ", + "

    You or someone living in your property must be disabled. Either you or the person you\u2019re applying for must:

    ", + "
  • own the property or be a tenant
    • ", + "
  • intend to live in the property during the grant period (which is currently 5 years)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-78" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-cancel-presumption-death-certificate", + "scenario": "My uncle died 15th march 2020 but the date put in his death certificate is 10th march 2020.I want this slight error rectified from his death certificate.", + "question": "Where can i apply to get the date details changed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a court that can hear high court cases", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a claim to cancel (\u2018revoke\u2019) or change (\u2018vary\u2019) the details of a declaration of presumed death from the High Court if you can prove the missing person:

    ", + "
  • died at a time earlier or later than the time of death in the original declaration
    • ", + "

    Download and fill in claim form N208.

    ", + "

    Send the claim to a court that can hear High Court cases.

    " + ], + "id": "train-79" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unclaimed-estates-bona-vacantia", + "scenario": "My grandfather died 3 months ago and he did not leave a will. His house is currently empty and bank accounts are untouched.", + "question": "How much of his estate can I claim?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a share", + [ + "
  • if there\u2019s no spouse or child, anyone descended from a grandparent of the person is entitled to a share in the estate
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could be entitled to a share of a deceased relative\u2019s property (\u2018estate\u2019) if you\u2019re a relative.

    ", + "

    You need to know if you\u2019re entitled before making a claim on an estate. The general rules are:

    ", + "
  • if there\u2019s no will, the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and then any children have first claim to the estate
    • ", + "
  • if there\u2019s no spouse or child, anyone descended from a grandparent of the person is entitled to a share in the estate
    • " + ], + "id": "train-80" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disability-living-allowance-children", + "scenario": "I am the step-father to a 14 year old who was born in the UK but now has difficulty walking after a car accident in France.", + "question": "Can I claim for disability living allowance on their behalf despite not being a biological parent?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    They will need to meet all the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "
  • have lived in Great Britain for at least 6 of the last 12 months, if over 3 years old
    • ", + "
  • be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children may help with the extra costs of looking after a child who:

    ", + "
  • is under 16
    • ", + "
  • has difficulties walking or needs much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability
    • ", + "

    They will need to meet all the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    Usually, to qualify for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children the child must:

    ", + "
  • be under 16 - anyone over 16 must apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • need extra looking after or have walking dif\ufb01culties
    • ", + "
  • be in Great Britain, a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland when you claim - there are some exceptions, such as family members of the Armed Forces
    • ", + "
  • have lived in Great Britain for at least 6 of the last 12 months, if over 3 years old
    • ", + "
  • be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • not be subject to immigration control
    • ", + "

    To claim DLA for a child you need to be their parent or look after them as if you\u2019re their parent. This includes step-parents, guardians, grandparents, foster-parents or older brothers or sisters.

    " + ], + "id": "train-81" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/lasting-power-attorney-duties", + "scenario": "My grandfather has appointed me as his financial affair attorney and i have been running his businesses efficiently . He has been diagnosed with a terminal illness and has few day to live.", + "question": "Will a power of attorney still be valid after my grandfather dies?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make decisions on someone\u2019s behalf if they appoint you using a lasting power of attorney (LPA).

    ", + "

    The lasting power of attorney (LPA) ends when the donor dies.

    " + ], + "id": "train-82" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-annul-marriage", + "scenario": "I have been married to my husband for 2 years and have been living together in London. I have just found out that he was already married at the time and did not have divorce.", + "question": "What documents will I need to show in this case to get an Annulment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a \u2018nullity petition\u2019", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To annul a marriage, fill in a \u2018nullity petition\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-83" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-gender-recognition-certificate", + "scenario": "I married my wife 10 years ago. I now want to legally change my gender and I am applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate.", + "question": "Will my marriage's legal status change?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if you or your spouse do not want to remain married, or if your spouse does not fill in a statutory declaration. You can use the interim certificate as grounds to end the marriage.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You and your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration saying you both agree to stay married.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can stay married if you apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate.

    ", + "

    You and your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration saying you both agree to stay married.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if you or your spouse do not want to remain married, or if your spouse does not fill in a statutory declaration. You can use the interim certificate as grounds to end the marriage.

    " + ], + "id": "train-84" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deputyship-refund", + "scenario": "I was a deputy for my 83 year old Scottish father from 2006-2014 when he lived in a care home in Tameside.", + "question": "My claim has been rejected. How can I appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "by contacting the refunds helpline", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal by contacting the Refunds Helpline.

    " + ], + "id": "train-85" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-declaration-presumed-death", + "scenario": "My 76 year old father from Kent has been missing for 5 years now, my sister still thinks there is hope but I do not.", + "question": "Can I get a death certificate for him although my sister does not want too?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    Your claim may be challenged at the hearing if someone gets a copy of the claim form or sees the advert.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a claim for a \u2018declaration of presumed death\u2019 from the High Court if someone you know in England and Wales has been missing for:

    ", + "
  • 7 years or more
    • ", + "
  • less than 7 years and you think they\u2019ve died, for example they went missing during a natural disaster
    • ", + "

    You can make a claim if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • child
    • ", + "

    Your claim may be challenged at the hearing if someone gets a copy of the claim form or sees the advert.

    " + ], + "id": "train-86" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-widow-pension", + "scenario": "My husband worked on the nuclear submarines in the 1990s. He later got cancer, and sadly died last week. It is thought that the cancer was caused by exposure to nuclear radiation during his service.", + "question": "Can I get a grant to help with the costs of his funeral?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Veterans UK may be able to pay a grant of up to \u00a32,200 towards a veteran\u2019s funeral if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • death was due to service before 6 April 2005
    • " + ], + "id": "train-87" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-cancel-presumption-death-certificate", + "scenario": "I live in England and I declared my husband dead when he was missing for several years. He has now returned alive and I need to get his presumption of death certificate revoked.", + "question": "How much will it cost to revoke a presumption of death certificate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3480", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a claim to cancel (\u2018revoke\u2019) or change (\u2018vary\u2019) the details of a declaration of presumed death from the High Court if you can prove the missing person:

    ", + "
  • is still alive
    • ", + "

    It costs \u00a3480 to change or cancel a declaration of presumed death. Read the fees leaflet to find out when you might not have to pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-88" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-widow-pension", + "scenario": "My husband died at the hands of a sniper during a tour of Iraq. This was back in 2003 and I have never had any sort of compensation from the government.", + "question": "What sort of pension am I entitled to?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "war widow\u2019s or widower\u2019s pension", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be entitled to War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension if your wife, husband or civil partner died as a result of their service in Her Majesty\u2019s (HM) Armed Forces or during a time of war.

    ", + "

    They must have served before 6 April 2005, but you may be eligible if they died of an illness or injury later.

    ", + "

    One of the following must apply. Your husband, wife or civil partner:

    ", + "
  • died as result of their service in HM Armed Forces before 6 April 2005
    • ", + "

    You may be entitled to a pension if you lived with a partner as husband and wife or as civil partners.

    ", + "

    War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension is paid at different rates depending on your age and circumstances.

    " + ], + "id": "train-89" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-pay-leave", + "scenario": "Me and my husband have decided to adopt a child from China. The child is arriving in England in 2 weeks. I work full time and I want to sort out time off work to care for it.", + "question": "Am I eligible for statutory adoption pay and how long is it paid for?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 39 weeks", + [ + "
  • have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the week you were matched with a child
    • ", + "
  • earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week (before tax)
    • ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give proof of the adoption or surrogacy
    • ", + "

    The requirements are the same if you\u2019re adopting from overseas, except you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks when you start getting adoption pay.

    ", + "

    You must also sign form SC6 if you\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms you\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay is paid for up to 39 weeks. The weekly amount is:

    ", + "
  • give the correct notice
    • ", + "

    You must also sign form SC6 if you\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms you\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.

    ", + "

    To get Statutory Adoption Pay, you must:

    ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the week you were matched with a child
    • ", + "
  • earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week (before tax)
    • ", + "
  • give proof of the adoption or surrogacy
    • ", + "

    The requirements are the same if you\u2019re adopting from overseas, except you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks when you start getting adoption pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-90" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deputyship-refund", + "scenario": "I became a deputy for my elderly mother in August 2018; she currently has advanced Alzheimer's. Over the last couple of years I believe I have been over-charged deputyship fees. I will remain a depty for mum until her death. I live in Lincolnshire, she also lives in the same county in a residential care home.", + "question": "Can I apply for a deputyship fee refund?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The refunds are only for deputyship assessments and annual supervisions which took place between 1 April 2008 and 31 March 2015.

    ", + "

    You can make a claim if you:

    ", + "
  • are acting on behalf of someone who had a deputy and has died
    • ", + "

    The deputyship must have been active between 1 April 2008 and 31 March 2015.

    " + ], + "id": "train-91" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-sick-pay", + "scenario": "Recently I travelled to Australia and was supposed to return to UK within 10 days and join the work but unfortunately I was tested positive and have to spent more than 25 days in Australia", + "question": "Will I still be eligible for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) when I am abroad ?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-92" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-help-with-your-tax-credits-claim", + "scenario": "My aunt has appointed me as her next of kin to oversee her finances after suffering from stroke. I want to apply as her tax relief appointee to act on her behalf.", + "question": "Will I be automatically authorised to undertake this role and help her claim tax relief?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get permission to deal with someone else\u2019s tax credits. The type of permission you need depends on what you want to do.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • take responsibility for someone else\u2019s tax credit claim when they cannot manage their own affairs - as an appointee
    • ", + "

    You can apply for the right to deal with the tax credits of someone who cannot manage their own affairs, for example because they\u2019re mentally incapable or severely disabled.

    ", + "

    If you have a tax credit claim form, complete the appointee section explaining why the person cannot complete and sign their form. Then send the form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). They may contact you for more information before deciding whether to make you an appointee or not.

    " + ], + "id": "train-93" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disability-living-allowance-children", + "scenario": "My son is currently 13. He had a serious accident when he was younger and as a result of this struggles to walk and sometimes has to use a wheelchair to get around.", + "question": "My child needs a lot of extra support at the moment, will I qualify for the maximum DLA payment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • be in Great Britain, a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland when you claim - there are some exceptions, such as family members of the Armed Forces
    • ", + "
  • have lived in Great Britain for at least 6 of the last 12 months, if over 3 years old
    • ", + "
  • be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • not be subject to immigration control
    • ", + "
  • highest rate - help or supervision throughout both day and night, or they\u2019re terminally ill
    • ", + "
  • highest rate - they cannot walk, can only walk a short distance without severe discomfort, could become very ill if they try to walk or they\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired
    • ", + "

    They must have had these difficulties for at least 3 months and expect them to last for at least 6 months. If they\u2019re terminally ill (that is, not expected to live more than 6 months), they do not need to have had these difficulties for 3 months.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children may help with the extra costs of looking after a child who:

    ", + "
  • is under 16
    • ", + "
  • has difficulties walking or needs much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability
    • ", + "

    Usually, to qualify for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children the child must:

    ", + "
  • be under 16 - anyone over 16 must apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "
  • need extra looking after or have walking dif\ufb01culties
    • ", + "
  • be in Great Britain, a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland when you claim - there are some exceptions, such as family members of the Armed Forces
    • ", + "
  • have lived in Great Britain for at least 6 of the last 12 months, if over 3 years old
    • ", + "
  • be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands
    • ", + "
  • not be subject to immigration control
    • ", + "

    The child\u2019s disability or health condition must mean at least one of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they need much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability
    • ", + "
  • they have difficulty getting about
    • ", + "

    They must have had these difficulties for at least 3 months and expect them to last for at least 6 months. If they\u2019re terminally ill (that is, not expected to live more than 6 months), they do not need to have had these difficulties for 3 months.

    ", + "

    The rate the child gets depends on the level of looking after they need, for example:

    ", + "
  • lowest rate - help for some of the day
    • ", + "
  • middle rate - frequent help or constant supervision during the day, supervision at night or someone to help while they\u2019re on dialysis
    • ", + "
  • highest rate - help or supervision throughout both day and night, or they\u2019re terminally ill
    • ", + "

    The rate the child gets depends on the level of help they need getting about, for example:

    ", + "
  • lowest rate - they can walk but need help and or supervision when outdoors
    • ", + "
  • highest rate - they cannot walk, can only walk a short distance without severe discomfort, could become very ill if they try to walk or they\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired
    • " + ], + "id": "train-94" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/childcare-grant", + "scenario": "I am 24, live in England with my partner and 5 year old son, and am currently studying for a degree at University. I get undergraduate student finance, and my partner works full time.", + "question": "Can I apply for a grant to cover the cost of childcare for my son whilst I attend my course?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • your childcare provider is on the Ofsted Early Years Register or General Childcare Register - check with your provider
    • ", + "
  • neither you or your partner are claiming Tax-Free Childcare, the childcare element of working Tax Credit or Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • neither you or your partner receive help with childcare costs from the National Health Service (NHS)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not getting a Postgraduate Loan
    • ", + "
  • the children in your grant application are financially dependent on you
    • ", + "
  • if your child is cared for at home, the carer cannot be a relative and must be registered with an appropriate body - check with Student Finance England
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be eligible for help with your childcare costs if you:

    ", + "
  • are a full-time higher education student
    • ", + "
  • have children under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs
    • ", + "

    To qualify for a Childcare Grant all the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a full-time student
    • ", + "
  • your child must be under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs
    • ", + "
  • you get undergraduate student finance based on your household income, or are eligible to
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not getting a Postgraduate Loan
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a permanent resident in England
    • ", + "
  • the children in your grant application are financially dependent on you
    • ", + "
  • your childcare provider is on the Ofsted Early Years Register or General Childcare Register - check with your provider
    • ", + "
  • if your child is cared for at home, the carer cannot be a relative and must be registered with an appropriate body - check with Student Finance England
    • ", + "
  • neither you or your partner are claiming Tax-Free Childcare, the childcare element of working Tax Credit or Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • neither you or your partner receive help with childcare costs from the National Health Service (NHS)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-95" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/the-warm-home-discount-scheme", + "scenario": "My husband and I are both retired and on a low income, so we get pension credit. However, we had some savings so we also get savings credit.", + "question": "Are we eligible for the warm home discount even though we receive savings credit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • your energy supplier is part of the scheme
    • ", + "
  • your name (or your partner\u2019s) is on the bill
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are 2 ways to qualify for the Warm Home Discount Scheme:

    ", + "
  • you get the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit - known as the \u2018core group\u2019
    • ", + "

    You qualify for the discount if on 4 July 2021 all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your energy supplier is part of the scheme
    • ", + "
  • your name (or your partner\u2019s) is on the bill
    • ", + "
  • you or your partner are getting the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit (even if you get Savings Credit as well)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-96" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-sick-pay", + "scenario": "I have been off work with mental health issues for the past 27 weeks. Work will only pay me SSP for another week.", + "question": "What will happen to me SSP after this date?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "apply for universal credit or employment and support allowance (esa).", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible or your SSP ends

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for Universal Credit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA). You can use form SSP1 to support your application.

    " + ], + "id": "train-97" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-will", + "scenario": "I am seventy five years old and although I am in reasonably good health I would like to ensure that in the event of my death my dependants are provided for as I would wish. I have several properties including some overseas.", + "question": "What is the first thing I need to think about when making a will?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get advice if your will is not straightforward", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can write your will yourself, but you should get advice if your will is not straightforward.

    ", + "

    You can get advice from a professional if your will is not straightforward, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have property overseas
    • " + ], + "id": "train-98" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-annul-marriage", + "scenario": "I married a man two months ago after living in England for four years. I found out that the man has a STD and had it at the time of our wedding, so I'd like to annul our marriage.", + "question": "Can I apply for an annulment and how much will it cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3550", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can annul a marriage for a number of reasons, such as:

    ", + "
  • the other person had a sexually transmitted disease (STD) when you got married
    • ", + "

    Filing a nullity petition form costs \u00a3550.

    " + ], + "id": "train-99" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-declaration-presumed-death", + "scenario": "My brother has not been seen since an earthquake whilst he was on holiday abroad two years ago. He has an estate in the UK I would like to administer for his children.", + "question": "Is it possible for me to declare my brother dead even though he's only been missing two years?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • less than 7 years and you think they\u2019ve died, for example they went missing during a natural disaster
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a claim for a \u2018declaration of presumed death\u2019 from the High Court if someone you know in England and Wales has been missing for:

    ", + "
  • less than 7 years and you think they\u2019ve died, for example they went missing during a natural disaster
    • ", + "

    You can make a claim if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • sibling
    • ", + "

    To make a claim one or more of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • the missing person treated England or Wales as their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date they were last known to be alive
    • ", + "
  • the missing person was living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date they were last known to be alive
    • " + ], + "id": "train-100" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-credit", + "scenario": "My dad has bipolar disorder and I have to care for him. This usually takes around 25 hours per week. I have just been on a 6 week holiday where someone else stepped in and did the caring for me.", + "question": "Am I still eligible for the Carers Credit whilst on holiday?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can still get Carer\u2019s Credit even if you have breaks from caring (up to 12 weeks in a row).

    ", + "

    For example, you\u2019ll still get Carer\u2019s Credit for 12 weeks if:

    ", + "
  • you take a short holiday
    • " + ], + "id": "train-101" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oneoff-decision-personal-welfare", + "scenario": "My grandmother own a big property worthy over \u00a31million and her healthy has deteroriated and lost memory. She is now in a nursing home and i am afraid that some of my family members are posing a real threat to change her will . I feel very worried and i want to protect her interests despite her condition.", + "question": "Can i seek a court protection order without informing my other family members?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Apply to the Court of Protection if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re concerned about the personal welfare or property and financial affairs of someone who\u2019s lost mental capacity
    • ", + "
  • you want to get a one-off decision, for example to stop someone visiting a person who\u2019s lost mental capacity in a nursing home
    • ", + "

    You must tell:

    ", + "
  • the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for
    • ", + "
  • people connected to the application
    • ", + "

    You must tell people named on your application that it\u2019s been issued.

    " + ], + "id": "train-102" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/care-to-learn", + "scenario": "My niece is 19 years old and has a 2 year old baby. She wants to join Bath university for her pharmacy degree but needs support with her baby.", + "question": "Can she qualify for Care to Learn?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must be aged under 20 at the start of your course.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re doing a higher education course at university
    • " + ], + "id": "train-103" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "scenario": "My partner and I are in the middle of an acrimonious separation. We both work full time but he earns more than I do. I cannot afford to pay the mortgage alone.", + "question": "Where can I get advice about my situation?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "citizens advice", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • get information and advice from Citizens Advice
    • " + ], + "id": "train-104" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/valuing-estate-of-someone-who-died", + "scenario": "My uncle recently died and I was given responsibility to value the estate. The estate is worth above \u00a3350,000 and will be passed to his son", + "question": "Does the son have to pay inheritance tax or any taxes on the estate ?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-105" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "We are a couple aged 60 and 62, living in England. We own our home outright with no mortgage and would like to gift it to our son and his wife. We will still live there and will pay all the bills connected to the property. My son and his wife would move into annexe.", + "question": "Would we have to pay rent to our son in addition to paying the bills?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you want to continue living in your property after giving it away, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • pay rent to the new owner at the going rate (for similar local rental properties)
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay rent to the new owners if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the new owners also live at the property
    • " + ], + "id": "train-106" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mortgage-interest-run-on", + "scenario": "I was getting income support until last month. I have got a full time now and will be joining next week. Also, I want some money to cover my house costs. Previously I was claiming support for mortgage interest.", + "question": "As I am moving to a full time role, will I be eligible to apply for Mortgage Interest Run On?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019ve been claiming the benefit continuously for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you expect the work (or more money) to last for 5 weeks or more
    • ", + "
  • you were entitled to help with your\u00a0housing costs\u00a0before your work started and you\u2019ll still have these costs when you start work
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Mortgage Interest Run On is extra money you can get towards your housing costs if certain other benefits are stopping because you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • returning to work full-time
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible and were getting Support for Mortgage Interest before your work situation changed, you\u2019ll usually continue to get the same amount as you were getting before your benefits stopped.

    ", + "

    You can claim Mortgage Interest Run On if you\u2019ve stopped getting income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance, Income Support or income-related Employment and Support Allowance because you\u2019re:

    ", + "

    All of the following must also apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been claiming the benefit continuously for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • you expect the work (or more money) to last for 5 weeks or more
    • ", + "
  • you were entitled to help with your\u00a0housing costs\u00a0before your work started and you\u2019ll still have these costs when you start work
    • " + ], + "id": "train-107" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit", + "scenario": "I recently separated from my husband and i am the custodian of my two children.My situation has changed and my working hours have reduced to 15 hours per week.", + "question": "How much benefits will i get for my two children who are 5 and 10 years old respectively?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a321.15 a week", + [ + "Eldest or only child | \u00a321.15", + "

    If a family splits up, you get \u00a321.15 a week for the eldest child.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a314 for each child", + [ + "Additional children | \u00a314 per child", + "

    If you have other children who are entitled to Child Benefit, you\u2019ll get \u00a314 for each child.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Eldest or only child | \u00a321.15", + "Additional children | \u00a314 per child", + "

    If a family splits up, you get \u00a321.15 a week for the eldest child.

    ", + "

    If you have other children who are entitled to Child Benefit, you\u2019ll get \u00a314 for each child.

    " + ], + "id": "train-108" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mental-health-tribunal", + "scenario": "My mother was detained in a psychiatric hospital for treatment after sectioning one month ago. I feel she is well enough now and I want her to be discharged.", + "question": "Can I apply for her discharge as her nearest relative?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    There are deadlines for the first time you apply - you must apply within:

    ", + "
  • 6 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health) if you\u2019re admitted (\u2018detained\u2019) as a patient in a psychiatric hospital (\u2018sectioned\u2019) and want to be discharged.

    ", + "

    You can apply on a patient\u2019s behalf if you\u2019re their:

    ", + "
  • \u2018nearest relative\u2019
    • ", + "

    When you apply depends on how you were admitted - ask your doctor or lawyer (if you have one) if you\u2019re unsure.

    ", + "

    There are deadlines for the first time you apply - you must apply within:

    ", + "
  • 6 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-109" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pip", + "scenario": "I am originally from USA and was working in Uk. My health has deteroriated after a long battle with diabetes and has affected my eyesight and making it difficult to continue with my work.", + "question": "How much can I claim from PIP?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the weekly rate for the daily living part of pip is either \u00a360.00 or \u00a389.60.", + [] + ], + [ + "the weekly rate for the mobility part of pip is either \u00a323.70 or \u00a362.55.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Personal Independence Payment (PIP) is made up of 2 parts - a daily living part and a mobility part. Whether you get one or both of these and how much you\u2019ll get depends on how severely your condition affects you.

    ", + "

    The weekly rate for the daily living part of PIP is either \u00a360.00 or \u00a389.60.

    ", + "

    The weekly rate for the mobility part of PIP is either \u00a323.70 or \u00a362.55.

    " + ], + "id": "train-110" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oneoff-decision-personal-welfare", + "scenario": "My mother was diagnosed with dementia four years ago, and is currently being cared for in a nursing home. Her former partner, who has a conviction for domestic violence against her, is now requesting to see her \"to make amends\".", + "question": "Given the considerable distress this prospect has caused my mother, can I get an order preventing such visits?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Apply to the Court of Protection if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you want to get a one-off decision, for example to stop someone visiting a person who\u2019s lost mental capacity in a nursing home
    • " + ], + "id": "train-111" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/sure-start-maternity-grant", + "scenario": "I am pregnant with my first child and I currently claim universal credit. I live in England. I want to find out if there is any additional support for me and the baby available.", + "question": "How much is the Sure Start Maternity Grant?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3500", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get a one-off payment of \u00a3500 to help towards the costs of having a child. This is known as a Sure Start Maternity Grant.

    ", + "

    You usually qualify for the grant if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expecting your first child, or you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins) and have children already
    • ", + "
  • you or your partner already get certain benefits
    • ", + "

    A Sure Start Maternity Grant is \u00a3500 and you do not have to pay it back.

    ", + "

    Usually, to qualify for a Sure Start Maternity Grant there must be no other children in your family. You or your partner must also get one of these benefits:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • " + ], + "id": "train-112" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/diffuse-mesothelioma-payment", + "scenario": "I'm 54, and 6 months ago I was diagnosed with mesothelioma as a result of asbestos exposure when employed between 2001 and 2005. I've looked into making a civil claim against my former employer, but the company appears to no longer exist and their (former) insurers are also untraceable.", + "question": "Am I still entitled to compensation from the state even if I cannot trace my former employer?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • are not entitled to a payment under the 1979 Pneumoconiosis Act
    • ", + "
  • have not been given a payment for the disease from an employer, a civil claim or elsewhere
    • ", + "
  • are not entitled to compensation from a Ministry of Defence scheme
    • ", + "
  • your mesothelioma was caused by exposure to asbestos when working in the UK
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim DMPS if you cannot find the employer responsible for your contact with asbestos, or their insurer.

    ", + "

    You can claim a one-off payment if you:

    ", + "
  • are not entitled to a payment under the 1979 Pneumoconiosis Act
    • ", + "
  • have not been given a payment for the disease from an employer, a civil claim or elsewhere
    • ", + "
  • are not entitled to compensation from a Ministry of Defence scheme
    • ", + "

    You must claim within 12 months of diagnosis.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were diagnosed with diffuse mesothelioma on or after 25 July 2012
    • ", + "
  • your mesothelioma was caused by exposure to asbestos when working in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you cannot trace the employer that exposed you to asbestos, or their insurers
    • ", + "
  • you have not made a civil claim against any employer or insurer
    • ", + "
  • you have not received damages or a specified payment for mesothelioma and you\u2019re not eligible to a specified payment
    • ", + "

    Claims through the DMPS scheme must be made within 3 years of diagnosis.

    " + ], + "id": "train-113" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-credit", + "scenario": "I am doing a part-time carer job for about 22 hours a week and I also get a property and a share income of \u00a320000 per annum", + "question": "Will I be eligible for Carer's Credit ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re caring for someone for at least 20 hours a week.

    ", + "

    Your income, savings or investments will not affect eligibility for Carer\u2019s Credit.

    " + ], + "id": "train-114" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/power-of-attorney", + "scenario": "I have a degenerative cognitive disorder and have been told that it will decline to the point where I can not make decisions for myself.", + "question": "Can I appoint my daughter as my attorney even if she does not want to be?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your attorney needs to be 18 or over. They could be:

    ", + "
  • a relative
    • ", + "

    You must appoint someone who has the mental capacity to make their own decisions.

    ", + "

    When choosing an attorney, think about:

    ", + "
  • how happy they will be to make decisions for you
    • ", + "

    Either way, you need to get other people to sign the forms, including the attorneys and witnesses.

    ", + "

    You need to sign the forms before you send them off. They also need to be signed by:

    ", + "
  • the attorneys
    • " + ], + "id": "train-115" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/budgeting-help-benefits", + "scenario": "I just moved to my new home and I need help to buy good furniture and white goods. I have spent a lot of money in setting up the home and I need a financial boost.", + "question": "Am I eligible for a Budgeting Loan?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you are currently claiming Universal Credit - apply for a Budgeting Advance instead
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re involved in industrial action (for example, a strike, walkout or lockout)
    • ", + "
  • you owe more than \u00a31,500 in total for Crisis Loans and Budgeting Loans
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A Budgeting Loan can help pay for:

    ", + "
  • furniture or household items (for example, washing machines or other \u2018white goods\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You may be eligible for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on certain benefits for 6 months.

    ", + "

    To get a Budgeting Loan you must have been getting one or more of these benefits for the past 6 months:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "

    You cannot get a Budgeting Loan if:

    ", + "
  • you are currently claiming Universal Credit - apply for a Budgeting Advance instead
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re involved in industrial action (for example, a strike, walkout or lockout)
    • ", + "
  • you owe more than \u00a31,500 in total for Crisis Loans and Budgeting Loans
    • " + ], + "id": "train-116" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-students-allowance-dsa", + "scenario": "I am 19 years old and have just started a degree course at University for a Higher National Diploma. I have Asperger", + "question": "Does my disability entitle me to claim DSA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • qualify for student finance from Student Finance England
    • ", + "
  • be studying on a course that lasts at least a year
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) is support to cover the study-related costs you have because of a mental health problem, long term illness or any other disability.

    ", + "

    DSA does not cover disability-related costs you\u2019d have if you were not attending a course, or costs that any student might have.

    ", + "

    You can apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) if you live in England and have a disability that affects your ability to study, such as a:

    ", + "
  • specific learning difficulty, for example dyslexia or ADHD
    • ", + "
  • mental health condition, for example anxiety or depression
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be an undergraduate or postgraduate student (including Open University or distance learning)
    • ", + "
  • qualify for student finance from Student Finance England
    • ", + "
  • be studying on a course that lasts at least a year
    • ", + "

    Your course must be in the UK and one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a Higher National Diploma (HND)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-117" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/sure-start-maternity-grant", + "scenario": "I am 6 months pregnant with my first child and I need money to cater for my health and prepare for my baby arrival.", + "question": "Am I allowed to apply for any form of maternity allowances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you or your partner already get certain benefits
    • ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    You may also qualify if you\u2019re getting a Support for Mortgage Interest loan.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get a one-off payment of \u00a3500 to help towards the costs of having a child. This is known as a Sure Start Maternity Grant.

    ", + "

    You usually qualify for the grant if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expecting your first child, or you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins) and have children already
    • ", + "
  • you or your partner already get certain benefits
    • ", + "

    A Sure Start Maternity Grant is \u00a3500 and you do not have to pay it back.

    ", + "

    Usually, to qualify for a Sure Start Maternity Grant there must be no other children in your family. You or your partner must also get one of these benefits:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "
  • Child Tax Credit
    • ", + "
  • Working Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "

    You may also qualify if you\u2019re getting a Support for Mortgage Interest loan.

    " + ], + "id": "train-118" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oneoff-decision-personal-welfare", + "scenario": "My aunt health has quickly deteriorated and she no longer has the mental capacity to make decisions. Family members keep visiting to ask her for money and I believe they are taking advantage of her.", + "question": "How long do I have to confirm that I have told people about my application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 7 days of sending the forms", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell:

    ", + "
  • the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for
    • ", + "
  • people connected to the application
    • ", + "

    The Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms - they\u2019ll be stamped with an issue date.

    ", + "

    You must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) certain people about the application within 14 days of the issue date.

    ", + "

    You must confirm you\u2019ve told people within 7 days of sending the forms. Download and fill in both:

    " + ], + "id": "train-119" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-allowance", + "scenario": "I am in receipt of Universal Credit for a chronic health condition. I receive PIP but only on the lower level of the daily living component.", + "question": "Can my partner be registered as my carer given that I do not qualify for higher level PIP?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019ve been in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years (this does not apply if you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection status)
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in England, Scotland or Wales, or you live abroad as a member of the armed forces (you might still be eligible if you\u2019re moving to or already living in an EEA country or Switzerland)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not in full-time education
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not studying for 21 hours a week or more
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not subject to immigration control
    • ", + "
  • your earnings are \u00a3128 or less a week after tax, National Insurance and expenses
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The person you care for must already get one of these benefits:

    ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment - daily living component
    • ", + "

    All of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years (this does not apply if you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection status)
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in England, Scotland or Wales, or you live abroad as a member of the armed forces (you might still be eligible if you\u2019re moving to or already living in an EEA country or Switzerland)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not in full-time education
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not studying for 21 hours a week or more
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not subject to immigration control
    • ", + "
  • your earnings are \u00a3128 or less a week after tax, National Insurance and expenses
    • " + ], + "id": "train-120" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-statutory-will", + "scenario": "I am 52, and the appointed Personal Welfare deputy of my 75 year old father, who has dementia. He also has a Panel Deputy, appointed by the court, to handle his financial affairs. My father's current will divides his estate equally between myself and two siblings; however, my younger brother was recently convicted of an extremely serious criminal offense which would very likely have caused my father to disinherit him.", + "question": "Can I apply to change my father's will, or is this a matter for the deputy handling his financial affairs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Someone who has lost the mental capacity to manage their finances may still have the ability to make a will. A solicitor will usually be able to tell you if they are.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to prove to the Court of Protection that the person is not able to make a will by themselves.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Apply to the Court of Protection if you want to make (or change) a will on behalf of someone who cannot do it themselves.

    ", + "

    This may be because, for example:

    ", + "
  • they have dementia
    • ", + "

    You can apply when the person is not able to understand:

    ", + "
  • what making or changing a will means
    • ", + "
  • how much money they have or what property they own
    • ", + "
  • how making or changing a will might affect the people they know (either those mentioned in the will or those left out)
    • ", + "

    Someone who has lost the mental capacity to manage their finances may still have the ability to make a will. A solicitor will usually be able to tell you if they are.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to prove to the Court of Protection that the person is not able to make a will by themselves.

    " + ], + "id": "train-121" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-for-mortgage-interest", + "scenario": "I am a landlord and i took a loan to repair my entire home and my tenants are not paying their rents promptly due to covid pandemic . I am now financially struggling.", + "question": "Can i get financial help to cushion my mortgage interest?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "

    You might still be able to get SMI if you apply for one of the qualifying benefits but cannot get it because your income is too high. You\u2019ll then be treated as getting the benefit you applied for.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a homeowner, you might be able to get help towards interest payments on:

    ", + "
  • loans you\u2019ve taken out for certain repairs and improvements to your home
    • ", + "

    You usually need to be getting, or treated as getting, a qualifying benefit to get SMI.

    ", + "

    To be eligible for a Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI) loan, you usually need to be getting one of the following qualifying benefits:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • ", + "
  • income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)
    • ", + "
  • income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)
    • ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "

    You might still be able to get SMI if you apply for one of the qualifying benefits but cannot get it because your income is too high. You\u2019ll then be treated as getting the benefit you applied for.

    " + ], + "id": "train-122" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mortgage-interest-run-on", + "scenario": "I am going back to full time work after two years of unemployment due to ill health. My mortgage and expenses have been paid by benefits during this time.", + "question": "How long can I get help for after my main benefits stop?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "4 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Mortgage Interest Run On is extra money you can get towards your housing costs if certain other benefits are stopping because you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • returning to work full-time
    • ", + "

    You can get this help for 4 weeks.

    " + ], + "id": "train-123" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paying-inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "I was given an estate by my father which is estimated to be around \u00a3500,000. He has died six months back and now I am liable to pay Inheritance Tax", + "question": "Can I make the payment from deceased father's account ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Pay from accounts owned by the deceased

    ", + "

    You can pay using the deceased\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • bank accounts - including National Savings and Investments (NS&I) accounts
    • " + ], + "id": "train-124" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-employment", + "scenario": "My kid is 10 years old and got a chance to act in a TV show and promised a salary of \u00a310,000 for six months and my kid is interested in taking as a part-time work", + "question": "Do I have to ask the salary to be paid thru PAYE ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The youngest age a child can work part-time is 13, except children involved in areas like:

    ", + "
  • television
    • ", + "

    Once someone reaches 16, you may need to pay them through PAYE.

    ", + "

    Children under 16 do not pay National Insurance, so you only need to include them on your payroll if their total income is over their Personal Allowance.

    " + ], + "id": "train-125" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/valuing-estate-of-someone-who-died", + "scenario": "My uncle died last year and made me an appointee in his will . He left a vast property worthy \u00a31million. I want to start filing the inheritance tax and I need to value all the assets and properties he left.", + "question": "How long do I have to send the inheritance tax forms?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "one year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The process of valuing the estate can take 6 to 9 months, or longer for big or complicated estates (for example if they involve trusts or there\u2019s tax to pay).

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to value the estate straight away after someone dies. There are only deadlines if the estate owes Inheritance Tax.

    ", + "

    If it does, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • send Inheritance Tax forms within one year
    • ", + "

    The estate won\u2019t have to pay tax as long as it either:

    ", + "
  • all passes to the dead person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, a charity or a community amateur sports club
    • ", + "
  • has a value below the Inheritance Tax threshold of \u00a3325,000
    • " + ], + "id": "train-126" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-if-one-parent-lives-abroad", + "scenario": "We got married abroad in Ghana and we were blessed with a baby boy. My work is unstable and my british husband went back to UK without making child mantainance agreements. He has since neglected us and i would like him to pay up for child mantainance.", + "question": "Is there a court order which can obtained to make my husband pay child mantainance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot make a new application to the Child Maintenance Service if the child and the parent with the main day-to-day care live abroad.

    " + ], + "id": "train-127" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/divorce", + "scenario": "Me and my wife were married but with the mutual consent we applied for divorce. We have applied for a decree nisi and are now waiting for the result", + "question": "What happens to my application and how I will be communicated with?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "if the judge agrees, the court will send you and your husband or wife a certificate. this may take several weeks.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Getting a decree nisi

    ", + "

    If the judge agrees, the court will send you and your husband or wife a certificate. This may take several weeks.

    ", + "

    The certificate will tell you the time and date you\u2019ll be granted a decree nisi.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be married after the decree nisi has been granted. You\u2019ll have to wait 43 days (6 weeks and 1 day) before you can apply for a \u2018decree absolute\u2019 to actually end the marriage.

    " + ], + "id": "train-128" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mortgage-interest-run-on", + "scenario": "I own a home with a mortgage with my wife. 4 months ago my hours reduced to just 10 hours per week due to coronavirus and I had to start claiming Income Support and Support for Mortgage Interest. Now my hours have increased to 40 per week again.", + "question": "Can I claim Mortgage Interest Run On?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Mortgage Interest Run On is extra money you can get towards your housing costs if certain other benefits are stopping because you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • working more hours
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible and were getting Support for Mortgage Interest before your work situation changed, you\u2019ll usually continue to get the same amount as you were getting before your benefits stopped.

    ", + "

    You can claim Mortgage Interest Run On if you\u2019ve stopped getting income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance, Income Support or income-related Employment and Support Allowance because you\u2019re:

    " + ], + "id": "train-129" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pip", + "scenario": "My kid is 16 years old and have a long term physical disability that affects his ability to get about. I was told that my kid might be eligible for Personal Independence Payment. We have lived in England since he was born.", + "question": "Is my kid eligible for Personal Independence Payment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • have had difficulties with daily living or getting around (or both) for 3 months
    • ", + "
  • expect these difficulties to continue for at least 9 months
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must be aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age to claim.

    ", + "

    You must also have a physical or mental health condition or disability where you:

    ", + "
  • have had difficulties with daily living or getting around (or both) for 3 months
    • ", + "
  • expect these difficulties to continue for at least 9 months
    • ", + "

    You usually need to have lived in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years, and be in one of these countries when you apply. If you\u2019ve recently returned from living in an EEA country, you might be able to get PIP sooner.

    ", + "

    You may get the mobility part of PIP if you need help going out or moving around.

    " + ], + "id": "train-130" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/blind-persons-allowance", + "scenario": "I have limited sight and am registered as being legally blind. I hold down a full time job in IT with a limited amount of help.", + "question": "What level of Blind Person' Allowance can I claim?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a32,520", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Blind Person\u2019s Allowance is an extra amount of tax-free allowance.

    ", + "

    Blind Person\u2019s Allowance is added to your yearly Personal Allowance - the amount of money you can earn before you start paying Income Tax.

    ", + "Tax year | Blind Person\u2019s Allowance", + "2021 to 2022 | \u00a32,520" + ], + "id": "train-131" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit-tax-charge", + "scenario": "My partner and I have a combined income of just over fifty thousand pounds and feel that it is unfair that we should be penalised for being just over the threshold", + "question": "Do we have to pay the High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay a tax charge, known as the \u2018High Income Child Benefit Charge\u2019, if you have an individual income over \u00a350,000 and either:

    ", + "
  • you or your partner get Child Benefit
    • ", + "

    Your adjusted net income is your total taxable income before any personal allowances and less things like Gift Aid.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay the tax charge if your income for the whole of a tax year is less than \u00a350,000.

    " + ], + "id": "train-132" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-employment", + "scenario": "My daughter is 10 years old. She recently was scouted to be in a theatre play with a one-month run, where she will be paid for her performance.", + "question": "Who in this scenario needs to apply for a child performance licence?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the person in charge of running the event", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Children working in these areas will need a performance licence.

    ", + "

    A child may need a licence if they\u2019re under school leaving age and taking part in:

    ", + "
  • films, plays, concerts or other public performances that the audience pays to see, or that take place on licensed premises
    • ", + "

    The person in charge of running the event must apply to the child\u2019s local council for a child performance licence. Ask the council if you\u2019re not sure you need one.

    " + ], + "id": "train-133" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance", + "scenario": "I am unable to work due to a mental health condition. I have had this condition for several years and it is gradually worsening. I do not see any sign of respite.", + "question": "Are people with mental health problems eligible for ESA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you\u2019re under State Pension age and you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you\u2019re under State Pension age and you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.

    " + ], + "id": "train-134" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-if-one-parent-lives-abroad", + "scenario": "I have recently moved to a different country with my three year old son. My ex remains in the UK.", + "question": "Does the fact that I live abroad mean that I can't claim Child Maintenance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot make a new application to the Child Maintenance Service if the child and the parent with the main day-to-day care live abroad.

    " + ], + "id": "train-135" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "scenario": "I have recently split up with my husband and we are currently going through divorce proceedings after 10 years of marriage.", + "question": "I want to ensure that our joint finances currently will be split evenly without having to go through court proceedings. Is there a way to make legally binding contract to avoid this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    This includes deciding how you\u2019re going to divide:

    ", + "
  • pensions
    • ", + "
  • property
    • ", + "
  • savings
    • ", + "
  • investments
    • ", + "

    You can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree how to split your money and property.

    ", + "

    If you and your ex-partner agree on how to divide money and property, you need to apply for a consent order to make it legally binding.

    ", + "

    To make your agreement legally binding you need to draft a consent order and ask a court to approve it.

    ", + "

    A consent order is a legal document that confirms your agreement. It explains how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to approve your consent order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.

    " + ], + "id": "train-136" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit", + "scenario": "We have two children, aged 11 and 15. My husband has recently started a new job that pays \u00a352,000 per year. I need to see if we can still get child benefit.", + "question": "Can the tax on income from child benefit be waived if I earn over \u00a350,000?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay back some of your Child Benefit in tax if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000.

    ", + "

    You can get Child Benefit if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000, but you may be taxed on the benefit. This is known as the High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge.

    ", + "

    Once you earn \u00a360,000 you lose all of your benefit through tax.

    " + ], + "id": "train-137" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/divorce", + "scenario": "My wife and I were married for three years. We have now been separated for six years. I do not know if my wife agrees to the divorce.", + "question": "How much is the fee to apply for a divorce?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3550", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply for a divorce you\u2019ll need to prove that your marriage has broken down and cannot be saved. You\u2019ll need to give one or more of the following 5 reasons (also known as \u2018facts\u2019).

    ", + "

    You can apply for a divorce if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years before applying, even if your husband or wife disagrees.

    ", + "

    You must pay a \u00a3550 fee to apply for a divorce. The way you pay depends on how you apply. Your fee will not be refunded after you are sent the notice that your application has been issued.

    " + ], + "id": "train-138" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reduced-earnings-allowance", + "scenario": "I worked as a builder, and had an accident at work that left me in a wheelchair. I can no longer take high paying construction jobs, and I am now working in a lower paid administrative role.", + "question": "How much Reduced Earnings Allowance will I be able to claim for?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to \u00a373.16 per week", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you cannot earn as much as you used to because of an accident or disease caused by your work, you could get up to \u00a373.16 per week Reduced Earnings Allowance.

    ", + "

    You could get up to \u00a373.16 per week.

    ", + "

    What you get depends on how much you earn in your regular employment.

    " + ], + "id": "train-139" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/power-of-attorney", + "scenario": "I granted my sister lasting power of attorney five years ago, in case of an accident that would render me incapable of making my own decisions. So far, I am in good health. My sister married a new husband last year.", + "question": "Do I need to update this record now that my sister has changed her name through marriage?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must write to OPG if one of your attorneys has changed their:

    ", + "
  • name - by marriage or deed poll
    • " + ], + "id": "train-140" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parents-learning-allowance", + "scenario": "I am parent of three children who is from England and I am about to begin a full-time undergraduate course", + "question": "Can I get any extra financial help? If so, how much?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "between \u00a350 and \u00a31,821 a year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be eligible for help with your learning costs if you\u2019re a full-time student with children. This is called Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your household income.

    ", + "

    Depending on your household income, in the 2021 to 2022 academic year you could get between \u00a350 and \u00a31,821 a year.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a student from England with dependent children you may qualify if you\u2019re taking:

    ", + "
  • a full-time undergraduate course
    • " + ], + "id": "train-141" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/diffuse-mesothelioma-payment", + "scenario": "I was diagnosed with Mesothelioma three and a half years ago. The exposure would have been at my workplace but since I worked as casual labour in many different places I cannot trace which employer was responsible, which is why it has taken me so long to make a claim.", + "question": "What are the time limits for claiming diffuse mesothelioma payments?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 3 years of diagnosis", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Claims through the DMPS scheme must be made within 3 years of diagnosis.

    " + ], + "id": "train-142" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-credit", + "scenario": "I am currently a part time carer for my grandfather who is unable to walk or do some of the basic day to day tasks around the house. I care for him for a total of 25 hours a week, I am also in full time employment so I pay my national insurance in full each month.", + "question": "What is the maximum amount of National Insurance credit I can claim?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-143" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit-tax-charge", + "scenario": "I was getting salary of \u00a348000 per annum but I got a payrise three months back from \u00a348000 to \u00a351000. I was getting child benefit for the last year", + "question": "I was not aware that I can't claim child benefit if I earn more than \u00a351000 so I want to stop now. How can I stop it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "fill in an online form", + [] + ], + [ + "contact the child benefit office by phone or post", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To stop your Child Benefit you can either:

    ", + "
  • fill in an online form
    • ", + "
  • contact the Child Benefit Office by phone or post
    • " + ], + "id": "train-144" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit", + "scenario": "One of my children have just left school aged 16 and the college course he has applied for does not start for another 6 months. I have received benefits for him since he was a child as I a unemployed.", + "question": "Will I continue to receive benefit payments whilst he is not actively going to college but is enrolled?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-145" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-deputy", + "scenario": "My Uncle appointed me as his deputy to run his businesses this is after he suffered an heart attack which left him mentally ill and paralysed. I have been running the business to his satisfaction.", + "question": "Will my power as his deputy be valid after he dies?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Your security bond will remain in force for 2 years after the death of the person you\u2019re a deputy for unless there\u2019s a court order cancelling it.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll continue to be a deputy until your court order is changed, cancelled or expires.

    ", + "

    Contact the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and the Court of Protection to tell them that the person has died.

    ", + "

    Your security bond will remain in force for 2 years after the death of the person you\u2019re a deputy for unless there\u2019s a court order cancelling it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-146" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reduced-earnings-allowance", + "scenario": "I am currently getting Reduced Earnings Allowance and really not an a regular work and will be soon turn 66", + "question": "Will I still be eligible for Reduced Earnings Allowance ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you reach State Pension age
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Reduced Earnings Allowance will be replaced by another benefit called Retirement Allowance if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you reach State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not in regular employment
    • " + ], + "id": "train-147" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-statutory-will", + "scenario": "My brother has sadly been involved in a car accident that has left him in a coma. He was living with his partner but they were not married. He never got round to making a will. I want to make sure that his partner gets some of his assets if he dies as I know that this is what he would have wanted.", + "question": "How much does it cost if the court decides to hold a hearing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3485", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may also have to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3485 if the court decides to hold a hearing (including telephone hearings)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-148" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oneoff-decision-personal-welfare", + "scenario": "My 21 year old sister from Surrey keeps visiting my father who has dementia in the care home he is located in and is manipulating him for money.", + "question": "Is it possible to stop her from visiting him?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can only apply to the court if there\u2019s a major disagreement about a serious decision which cannot be agreed any other way. There are general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.

    ", + "

    Check if someone has an attorney or deputy acting for them before you apply.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Apply to the Court of Protection if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re concerned about the personal welfare or property and financial affairs of someone who\u2019s lost mental capacity
    • ", + "
  • you want to get a one-off decision, for example to stop someone visiting a person who\u2019s lost mental capacity in a nursing home
    • ", + "

    You can only apply to the court if there\u2019s a major disagreement about a serious decision which cannot be agreed any other way. There are general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.

    ", + "

    Check if someone has an attorney or deputy acting for them before you apply.

    " + ], + "id": "train-149" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance", + "scenario": "I am a freelance graphic designer. I recently contracted COVID-19 and I am now recovering with it. It rendered me bedridden and I couldn't work.", + "question": "Now that I am taking freelance work again, can I still claim Employment and Support Allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can usually work while you are claiming ESA if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you work less than 16 hours a week
    • ", + "
  • you do not earn more than \u00a3143 a week
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to get ESA if you were unable to work while self-isolating or \u2018shielding\u2019 because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re employed, self-employed or unemployed.

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re unable to claim Statutory Sick Pay and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you or your child might have COVID-19 or you\u2019re recovering from it
    • ", + "

    You can usually work while you are claiming ESA if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you work less than 16 hours a week
    • ", + "
  • you do not earn more than \u00a3143 a week
    • " + ], + "id": "train-150" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-statutory-will", + "scenario": "My grandmother has a large estate. She is currently suffering from dementia, but has indicated that she would like me to manage her estate upon her death. Some of my family members want to use her condition to deprive her of her assets. I don't think she has made a will.", + "question": "Can I make a will on her behalf?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Someone who has lost the mental capacity to manage their finances may still have the ability to make a will. A solicitor will usually be able to tell you if they are.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to prove to the Court of Protection that the person is not able to make a will by themselves.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Apply to the Court of Protection if you want to make (or change) a will on behalf of someone who cannot do it themselves.

    ", + "

    This may be because, for example:

    ", + "
  • they have dementia
    • ", + "

    You can apply when the person is not able to understand:

    ", + "
  • what making or changing a will means
    • ", + "
  • how much money they have or what property they own
    • ", + "
  • how making or changing a will might affect the people they know (either those mentioned in the will or those left out)
    • ", + "

    Someone who has lost the mental capacity to manage their finances may still have the ability to make a will. A solicitor will usually be able to tell you if they are.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to prove to the Court of Protection that the person is not able to make a will by themselves.

    ", + "

    Decisions taken on someone\u2019s behalf must always be in their best interest. You must consider:

    ", + "
  • what they would do if they were able to make a will themselves
    • " + ], + "id": "train-151" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-students-allowance-dsa", + "scenario": "I'm 22, live in England and have been accepted onto a degree course studying Architecture and Design, funded through Student Finance. I am partially disabled, having motor control problems which require the use of a special keyboard and software with my computer.", + "question": "What evidence do I need to prove my disabled status when applying for DSA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a copy of a report or letter from your doctor or consultant", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Disabilities or long-term health condition | A copy of a report or letter from your doctor or consultant - you can also fill in the disability evidence form (PDF, 65KB)" + ], + "id": "train-152" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/blind-persons-allowance", + "scenario": "My 33 year old sister has recently had an accident in work causing her to be partially blind, she is due a large pay-out next year but is no longer able to work.", + "question": "Can she claim blind persons allowance with a large amount of savings?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re registered with your local council as blind or severely sight impaired
    • ", + "
  • you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Blind Person\u2019s Allowance is added to your yearly Personal Allowance - the amount of money you can earn before you start paying Income Tax.

    ", + "

    You can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re registered with your local council as blind or severely sight impaired
    • ", + "
  • you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-153" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-rights-when-using-surrogates-and-donors", + "scenario": "I was unable to carry a child naturally, so had a child through a surrogate using my donated eggs. The child was born last month. I now want to be registered as the child's parent.", + "question": "How much does it cost to apply for a parental order?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3215", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll need to provide the child\u2019s full birth certificate and will also be charged a court fee of \u00a3215.

    " + ], + "id": "train-154" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-trust-funds", + "scenario": "My son Richard was born 6 months ago and I'm thinking about saving something every month so I can help him with the deposit of his first house, in about 20/25 years. I've just been promoted to Team Manager I think that I'll deposit every month the extra income that I've got with this promotion.", + "question": "Can I decide when and how my child is going to receive his money? I'm worried that he is going to waste them if he get them as soon as he turns 18.", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If your child lacks the mental capacity to manage their account when it matures

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can continue to add up to \u00a39,000 a year to your CTF account. The money belongs to the child and they can only take it out when they\u2019re 18. They can take control of the account when they\u2019re 16.

    ", + "

    Once your child turns 16, they can either:

    ", + "
  • take over the account by contacting the CTF provider
    • ", + "
  • leave you in charge of the account
    • ", + "

    When the child turns 18, they take over the account and can take out the money.

    ", + "

    If your child lacks the mental capacity to manage their account when it matures

    ", + "

    You, or a close friend or relative, need to apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order so you can manage your child\u2019s account when they turn 18. Once the account matures, the money can either be taken out or transferred into an ISA.

    " + ], + "id": "train-155" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-for-mortgage-interest", + "scenario": "I am a home owner and had a situation where I needed to replace my boiler, which I could not afford. I took out a loan to pay for it and also got Support For Mortgage Interest to help me with the repayments.", + "question": "Now I have sold my house, the proceeds left me with no money to repay the Mortgage Interest support money I borrowed. What are my options ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "pay back what you can", + [] + ], + [ + "transfer the loan to your new home", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a homeowner, you might be able to get help towards interest payments on:

    ", + "
  • loans you\u2019ve taken out for certain repairs and improvements to your home
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s paid as a loan, which you\u2019ll need to repay with interest when you sell or transfer ownership of your home (unless you\u2019re moving the loan to another property).

    ", + "

    SMI is paid as a loan. You\u2019ll need to repay the money you get with interest when you sell or transfer ownership of your home (unless you\u2019re moving the loan to another property).

    ", + "

    If you sell your home, you\u2019ll repay the SMI loan from what\u2019s left after you pay:

    ", + "
  • any home improvement loans
    • ", + "
  • any other loans secured against your home
    • ", + "

    If you do not have enough left to pay off all of the SMI loan, you will have to pay back what you can. The rest of the loan will be written off.

    ", + "

    You may be able to transfer the loan to your new home. Contact DWP Loan Management as soon as you know you intend to move, and before you complete your sale.

    " + ], + "id": "train-156" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reduced-earnings-allowance", + "scenario": "In the 1980s I worked as a heating engineer. I was exposed to asbestos based pipe insulation, and now I have developed asbestosis. This leaves me unable to work.", + "question": "How much can I claim per week?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to \u00a373.16 per week", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you cannot earn as much as you used to because of an accident or disease caused by your work, you could get up to \u00a373.16 per week Reduced Earnings Allowance.

    ", + "

    You could get up to \u00a373.16 per week.

    " + ], + "id": "train-157" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-allowance", + "scenario": "I live in Scotland, and currently care for my physically disabled partner for approximately 30 hrs per week. My partner receives Disability Living Allowance at the higher rate and I work part time, earning approximately \u00a3500pcm.", + "question": "Can I claim Carer's Allowance to help with my partner's care?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get \u00a367.60 a week if you care for someone at least 35 hours a week and they get certain benefits.

    ", + "

    The person you care for must already get one of these benefits:

    ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance - the middle or highest care rate
    • ", + "

    You need to spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone. This can include:

    " + ], + "id": "train-158" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mental-health-tribunal", + "scenario": "I have schizophrenia. One day I lost control and hurt someone badly; I ended up being admitted to a psychiatric hospital. I have been there having treatment for 5 months and I feel a lot better. I want to be discharged.", + "question": "When is the deadline to apply to be discharged?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "6 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply depends on how you were admitted - ask your doctor or lawyer (if you have one) if you\u2019re unsure.

    ", + "

    There are deadlines for the first time you apply - you must apply within:

    ", + "
  • 6 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-159" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-tribunal", + "scenario": "I am a British national with a tax tribunal hearing coming up shortly and it's causing me a great deal of stress and anxiety; I'm worried that the tribunal will find against me.", + "question": "What are my options if I lose my case at the tax tribunal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get a decision set aside", + [] + ], + [ + "ask for permission to appeal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you lose your case, you may be able to:

    ", + "
  • get a decision \u2018set aside\u2019
    • ", + "
  • ask for permission to appeal
    • ", + "

    Get a decision set aside

    ", + "

    You can ask for a decision to be \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled), but only if you think there was a mistake in the process. The letter you get with the decision will tell you how to do this.\nContact Citizens Advice if you need help.

    ", + "

    Ask for permission to appeal

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal against the decision if the tribunal made a legal mistake, for example if it did not:

    ", + "
  • apply the law correctly
    • ", + "
  • fully explain its decision
    • ", + "

    A judge will decide if you can take your case to a higher tribunal, called the Upper Tribunal (Tax and Chancery). Appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you get permission.

    " + ], + "id": "train-160" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parents-learning-allowance", + "scenario": "I am married with two children. They are aged 8 and 10. I would now like to go back to uni so I can get a better job whilst they are at school. Right now we have quite a low income.", + "question": "How is the allowance paid?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "in 3 instalments direct to your bank account, one at the start of each term", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be eligible for help with your learning costs if you\u2019re a full-time student with children. This is called Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance.

    ", + "

    The allowance:

    ", + "
  • is paid on top of your other student finance
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s usually paid in 3 instalments direct to your bank account, one at the start of each term.

    " + ], + "id": "train-161" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/diffuse-mesothelioma-payment", + "scenario": "My uncle was diagnosed with stage 4 mesothelioma after getting asbestos exposure during his work period. His employers have been very irresponsible to support him. He is undergoing a very difficult moment and his lungs are failing. He needs care and support.", + "question": "Can he claim DMPS and can he be compensated for the health damages?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you were diagnosed with diffuse mesothelioma on or after 25 July 2012
    • ", + "
  • your mesothelioma was caused by exposure to asbestos when working in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have not received damages or a specified payment for mesothelioma and you\u2019re not eligible to a specified payment
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to get a payment if you\u2019ve been diagnosed with the asbestos-related disease, diffuse mesothelioma.

    ", + "
  • the Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)
    • ", + "

    You can claim DMPS if you cannot find the employer responsible for your contact with asbestos, or their insurer.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were diagnosed with diffuse mesothelioma on or after 25 July 2012
    • ", + "
  • your mesothelioma was caused by exposure to asbestos when working in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you cannot trace the employer that exposed you to asbestos, or their insurers
    • ", + "
  • you have not made a civil claim against any employer or insurer
    • ", + "
  • you have not received damages or a specified payment for mesothelioma and you\u2019re not eligible to a specified payment
    • ", + "

    You can claim for DMPS even if you have already claimed from the 2008 scheme or under the 1979 Pneumoconiosis Act. If you\u2019ve already got a payment from the 2008 scheme or the Pneumoconiosis Act, it will be deducted from the amount you get from DMPS.

    " + ], + "id": "train-162" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit-tax-charge", + "scenario": "My income has recently reduced from \u00a360,000 to \u00a345,000 because I am now working less hours. I have a child aged 7. I was not claiming child benefit before due to my income. I now want to start claiming again.", + "question": "How long after submitting the form will it take for my payments to restart?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the monday after your request is received", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Payments usually start again the Monday after your request is received. The Child Benefit Office will write telling you how much backdated Child Benefit you\u2019ll get (if any).

    " + ], + "id": "train-163" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/sure-start-maternity-grant", + "scenario": "I live in England and I gave birth to twins three weeks ago. Since we already have two children aged 2 and 4 and are receiving universal credit, it was a shock to discover that twins were on the way; we're struggling now with the initial costs of double the amount of nappies etc.", + "question": "Am I eligible for a Sure Start maternity grant?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You usually qualify for the grant if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you or your partner already get certain benefits
    • ", + "

    You can only get a grant if at least one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-164" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/power-of-attorney", + "scenario": "Because I have a family history of dementia, I would like to make a lasting power of attorney naming my daughter as my attorney, should I become mentally incapacitated. I'm 57 years old and live in England. I know that it's quite expensive to create a power of attorney and I'm currently on income support so may struggle to afford it.", + "question": "Can you get financial assistance with the cost of making a lasting power of attorney?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can apply for a reduction if you earn less than \u00a312,000. You might also be able to apply for an exemption if you\u2019re on certain benefits, such as Income Support.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a reduction if you earn less than \u00a312,000. You might also be able to apply for an exemption if you\u2019re on certain benefits, such as Income Support.

    " + ], + "id": "train-165" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-trust-funds", + "scenario": "I am 16. My grandparents mentioned a few years ago that they had set up a trust fund for me. They have now sadly died and I want to find out if they did set up a fund or not.", + "question": "What information do I need to provide to find out the provider of my trust fund?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your full name and address", + [] + ], + [ + "your date of birth", + [] + ], + [ + "your national insurance number or unique reference number if known", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can find out where a Child Trust Fund (CTF) is held if you do not know the provider.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form online to ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) where the account was originally opened.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re looking for your own trust fund, you\u2019ll need your National Insurance number.

    ", + "

    You can also contact HMRC by post to find out where a CTF is held.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re looking for your own trust fund, you\u2019ll need to include all of the following:

    ", + "
  • your full name and address
    • ", + "
  • your date of birth
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number or Unique Reference Number if known
    • " + ], + "id": "train-166" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mental-health-tribunal", + "scenario": "My Aunt Dina lost her mental capacity after undergoing trauma through domestic abuse and loss of her child. She has been diagnosed with terminal Cancer of cervix. In her mind she is not sick and its hard get her consent to treatment. She is currently in a mental health institution but wants to get out.", + "question": "Will the tribunal assess her health before making a decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will also ask the hospital for reports from:

    ", + "
  • your doctor
    • ", + "
  • the social work and nursing teams responsible for your care
    • ", + "

    Hearings are usually held in private and attended by:

    ", + "
  • a judicial panel, made up of a judge, a doctor and a specialist lay member (for example a mental health social worker)
    • ", + "
  • their hospital doctor, ward nurse and social worker
    • ", + "

    The doctor, nurse and social worker will give evidence. You can also give evidence, and ask questions.

    " + ], + "id": "train-167" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit-tax-charge", + "scenario": "I currently live with my partner and her 9 year-old niece, of whom she is the legal guardian after the death of her sibling. I currently earn around \u00a355,000 and am registered for self-assessment; however, my partner (who receives child benefit) has an income from self-employment which may be slightly higher.", + "question": "which of us should pay the tax charge?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "whoever has the higher income", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your individual income is over \u00a350,000 and so is your partner\u2019s, then whoever has the higher income is responsible for paying the tax charge.

    " + ], + "id": "train-168" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/blind-persons-allowance", + "scenario": "I am 41, registered blind with my local council and live in England in a home which I share with my wife, who works part-time to provide for us.", + "question": "Can I claim Blind Person's Allowance, and then transfer it to my wife so that she can claim it against her taxes?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can transfer your Blind Person\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner if you do not pay tax or earn enough to use all of your allowance.

    ", + "

    You can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re registered with your local council as blind or severely sight impaired
    • ", + "
  • you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)
    • ", + "

    You can transfer your Blind Person\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner if you do not pay tax or cannot use all of it.

    ", + "

    You can do this:

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • whether or not your spouse or civil partner is blind
    • " + ], + "id": "train-169" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-if-one-parent-lives-abroad", + "scenario": "I am 34 and live in Scotland with my 9 year old daughter. I have an existing CM Arrangement with my ex-husband, adjudicated by the High Court in Edinburgh. My ex-husband has now moved to France and is refusing to make the agreed payments.", + "question": "Can the Child Maintenance Service take enforcement action against my ex-husband?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-170" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "scenario": "We have been married for 20 years and have four kids. Recently we decided to end our relationship. We decided to keep two kids each but are having issues on dividing up the assets", + "question": "We couldn't come to an agreement on dividing up the assets. Can we go to court and get them to decide?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you cannot agree on everything, you can ask a court to make a financial order.

    ", + "

    If you and your ex-partner cannot agree how to divide your finances you can ask a court to make a financial order (also known as the \u2018contested\u2019 route or an \u2018ancillary relief order\u2019).

    ", + "

    You must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).

    " + ], + "id": "train-171" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay", + "scenario": "I have just found out that I am pregnant. Me and my husband are really excited and we want to both be off work together to care for it at the start. Currently we both work full time, 40 hours per week.", + "question": "How many paid weeks can we have off work?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 37 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can share up to 50 weeks of leave and up to 37 weeks of pay between you.

    " + ], + "id": "train-172" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/end-civil-partnership", + "scenario": "I am a 34 year old from Newcastle. My 36 year old civil partner of 2 years has been cheating on me for at least 3 months.", + "question": "Is it possible for me to end the civil partnership under these grounds?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to end (\u2018dissolve\u2019) your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been in the partnership for over a year.

    ", + "

    When you apply to end your civil partnership (\u2018dissolution\u2019), you\u2019ll need to prove your relationship has broken down and cannot be saved.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give one or more of the following 4 reasons (also known as \u2018facts\u2019).

    ", + "

    Your civil partner has behaved in a way that means you cannot reasonably be expected to live with them.

    ", + "

    This could include:

    ", + "
  • being sexually unfaithful
    • " + ], + "id": "train-173" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-deputy", + "scenario": "I am 54 and am applying to be a Personal Welfare Deputy for my 74 year old father, who has been diagnosed with dementia. My father has quite complex financial affairs, and I am concerned that I will be unable to deal with these myself.", + "question": "Can the Court of Protection appoint someone qualified to deal with my father's finances if I am unable to find someone myself?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The Court of Protection can appoint a specialist deputy (called a \u2018panel deputy\u2019) from a list of approved law firms and charities if no one else is available.

    " + ], + "id": "train-174" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/budgeting-help-benefits", + "scenario": "I am in receipt of pension credit and not Universal Credit and would like to get a budgeting loan for some household appliances as my fridge and washer have both broken.", + "question": "I already owe \u00a31600 in budgeting loans, can I borrow any more?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To get a Budgeting Loan you must have been getting one or more of these benefits for the past 6 months:

    ", + "
  • Pension Credit
    • ", + "

    You cannot get a Budgeting Loan if:

    ", + "
  • you owe more than \u00a31,500 in total for Crisis Loans and Budgeting Loans
    • " + ], + "id": "train-175" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/care-to-learn", + "scenario": "I'm 19, live in London and have a daughter who is almost 2 years old. I recently began attending a course at my local sixth form college, which I believe is publicly funded.", + "question": "Can I claim help with my childminding costs under the Care to Learn scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re either a British citizen or have a legal right to live and study in England
    • ", + "
  • your childcare provider qualifies
    • ", + "

    To qualify, your childcare provider must be registered with Ofsted.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The Care to Learn scheme can help with childcare costs while you study.

    ", + "

    You must be aged under 20 at the start of your course.

    ", + "

    The scheme is available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses in:

    ", + "
  • sixth-form colleges
    • ", + "

    Care to Learn can help with the cost of:

    ", + "
  • your childcare, including deposit and registration fees
    • ", + "

    You can get Care to Learn if all of the following apply to you:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a parent under 20 at the start of your course
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re the main carer for your child
    • ", + "
  • you live in England
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re either a British citizen or have a legal right to live and study in England
    • ", + "
  • your course qualifies
    • ", + "
  • your childcare provider qualifies
    • ", + "

    Care to Learn is only available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses that take place in:

    ", + "

    To qualify, your childcare provider must be registered with Ofsted.

    " + ], + "id": "train-176" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-if-one-parent-lives-abroad", + "scenario": "My ex-husband is defaulting on our child maintenance agreement. I am the parent with primary care of our daughter and he is currently in Germany with the army.", + "question": "Can an absent parent in the army be made to pay child maintenance while the are abroad?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might be able to make a new child maintenance claim instead of enforcing an existing one if the other parent is working abroad for certain British organisations, for example:

    ", + "
  • as a member of the Armed Forces
    • " + ], + "id": "train-177" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/diffuse-mesothelioma-payment", + "scenario": "I worked in an environment that contained asbestos for over twenty years and this has left me with a chronic health condition. I left work in 2001. My condition was diagnosed as mesothelioma in 2019", + "question": "As I finished working nearly twenty years ago, can I still make a claim against one of these schemes?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can claim for dmps", + [ + "
  • you cannot trace the employer that exposed you to asbestos, or their insurers
    • ", + "
  • you have not made a civil claim against any employer or insurer
    • ", + "
  • you have not received damages or a specified payment for mesothelioma and you\u2019re not eligible to a specified payment
    • ", + "

    Claims through the DMPS scheme must be made within 3 years of diagnosis.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to get a payment if you\u2019ve been diagnosed with the asbestos-related disease, diffuse mesothelioma.

    ", + "

    There are 2 types of payment you can claim for:

    ", + "
  • the Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)
    • ", + "

    You may be able to claim if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were diagnosed with diffuse mesothelioma on or after 25 July 2012
    • ", + "
  • your mesothelioma was caused by exposure to asbestos when working in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you cannot trace the employer that exposed you to asbestos, or their insurers
    • ", + "
  • you have not made a civil claim against any employer or insurer
    • ", + "
  • you have not received damages or a specified payment for mesothelioma and you\u2019re not eligible to a specified payment
    • ", + "

    You can claim for DMPS even if you have already claimed from the 2008 scheme or under the 1979 Pneumoconiosis Act. If you\u2019ve already got a payment from the 2008 scheme or the Pneumoconiosis Act, it will be deducted from the amount you get from DMPS.

    ", + "

    Claims through the DMPS scheme must be made within 3 years of diagnosis.

    " + ], + "id": "train-178" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-for-mortgage-interest", + "scenario": "I am a homeowner with a mortgage and currently receive Universal Credit. I want to see if there is any additional help for me to pay my mortgage", + "question": "What interest rate applies to a Support for Mortgage Interest loan?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "0.3%", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The interest added to the loan can go up or down, but the rate will not change more than twice a year. The current rate is 0.3%.

    " + ], + "id": "train-179" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-if-one-parent-lives-abroad", + "scenario": "My sons father has just moved to Spain and has taken my son to live with him. I used to receive Child Maintenance when he lived in the UK.", + "question": "What will happen to my current Child Maintenance circumstances now?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-180" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parents-learning-allowance", + "scenario": "I have two children and I am currently due to start a degree course in social work this coming Autumn.", + "question": "Can I make a claim given that I will be studying and no longer working?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • a full-time undergraduate course
    • ", + "
  • an Initial Teacher Training (ITT) course
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be eligible for help with your learning costs if you\u2019re a full-time student with children. This is called Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a student from England with dependent children you may qualify if you\u2019re taking:

    ", + "
  • a full-time undergraduate course
    • ", + "
  • an Initial Teacher Training (ITT) course
    • " + ], + "id": "train-181" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-deputy", + "scenario": "My brother has 2 kids and my brother lost his partner in a accident and my brother also suffering from dementia and can't make decision on his own", + "question": "My brother's partners brother want to be my brother's deputy . Is this possible ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to become someone\u2019s deputy if they \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019. This means they cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made. They may still be able to make decisions for themselves at certain times.

    ", + "

    People may lack mental capacity because, for example:

    ", + "
  • they have dementia
    • ", + "

    You can apply to be a deputy if you\u2019re 18 or over. Deputies are usually close relatives or friends of the person who needs help making decisions.

    " + ], + "id": "train-182" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pip", + "scenario": "I suffer from agoraphobia which severely affects my dad to day life. I have not left my home in over two years and rely on someone else to shop for me", + "question": "As my illness is mental not physical, am I still eligible for PIP?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Personal Independence Payment (PIP) can help you with some of the extra costs if you have a long term physical or mental health condition or disability.

    ", + "

    You must also have a physical or mental health condition or disability where you:

    ", + "
  • have had difficulties with daily living or getting around (or both) for 3 months
    • ", + "
  • expect these difficulties to continue for at least 9 months
    • ", + "

    You may get the daily living part of PIP if you need help more than half of the time with things like:

    ", + "
  • engaging with other people
    • ", + "

    You may get the mobility part of PIP if you need help going out or moving around.

    " + ], + "id": "train-183" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/valuing-estate-of-someone-who-died", + "scenario": "My sister in law, who was a widow, died recently and I am her only living relative. I am trying to sort through her affairs", + "question": "How long does it normally take to value an estate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "6 to 9 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The process of valuing the estate can take 6 to 9 months, or longer for big or complicated estates (for example if they involve trusts or there\u2019s tax to pay).

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to value the estate straight away after someone dies. There are only deadlines if the estate owes Inheritance Tax.

    ", + "

    If it does, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • send Inheritance Tax forms within one year
    • " + ], + "id": "train-184" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parents-learning-allowance", + "scenario": "I am a single mother with 3 children undertaking full time masters in Mechanical Engineering and I want to seek financial support.", + "question": "How much allowance will I get?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "between \u00a350 and \u00a31,821 a year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be eligible for help with your learning costs if you\u2019re a full-time student with children. This is called Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance.

    ", + "

    How much you get depends on your household income.

    ", + "

    Depending on your household income, in the 2021 to 2022 academic year you could get between \u00a350 and \u00a31,821 a year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-185" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit", + "scenario": "My partner earn less than \u00a350,000. I am employed and on a payroll and earn less than \u00a350000 but receiving a dividend", + "question": "My pay and dividend when added together will be more than \u00a350,000. Will I be eligible to apply for child benefit ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • under 16
    • ", + "
  • under 20 if they stay in approved education or training
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    Once you earn \u00a360,000 you lose all of your benefit through tax.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You get Child Benefit if you\u2019re responsible for bringing up a child who is:

    ", + "
  • under 16
    • ", + "
  • under 20 if they stay in approved education or training
    • ", + "

    You can get Child Benefit if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000, but you may be taxed on the benefit. This is known as the High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge.

    ", + "

    Once you earn \u00a360,000 you lose all of your benefit through tax.

    " + ], + "id": "train-186" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-credit", + "scenario": "I am 38, and for the last 18 months have had to take time away from employment to care for my husband, who was badly injured whilst serving in the Army and receives Armed Forces Independence Payment. I receive Carer's Credit, but recently took a break of 30 days, during which caring duties were carried out by my sister-in-law.", + "question": "Will my Carer's Credit cover this break period as well as my full-time caring?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can still get Carer\u2019s Credit even if you have breaks from caring (up to 12 weeks in a row).

    ", + "

    For example, you\u2019ll still get Carer\u2019s Credit for 12 weeks if:

    ", + "
  • you take a short holiday
    • " + ], + "id": "train-187" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parents-learning-allowance", + "scenario": "I am 34, live in Scotland and am currently studying for a law degree as a mature student, with funding through student finance (via SAAS). I have a 7 year old son and 4 year old daughter", + "question": "Can I claim the Parents' Learning Allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be eligible for help with your learning costs if you\u2019re a full-time student with children. This is called Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a student from England with dependent children you may qualify if you\u2019re taking:

    ", + "
  • a full-time undergraduate course
    • ", + "
  • an Initial Teacher Training (ITT) course
    • " + ], + "id": "train-188" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mortgage-interest-run-on", + "scenario": "I am currently paying a mortgage . My benefits stopped due to change of my work which is paying more.I have alot of accumulated housing costs which i need to meet.I need support.", + "question": "If I claim the mortgage interest loan, will it affect my credit score?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-189" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance", + "scenario": "I have been classed as vulnerable during the pandemic and this has meant I have had to self-isolate for the past 14 months and I have been unable to work during this time.", + "question": "Will I be able to claim the full amount of Employment and Support Allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may also be able to get ESA if you were unable to work while self-isolating or \u2018shielding\u2019 because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re unable to claim Statutory Sick Pay and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you were advised to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re entitled to ESA you\u2019ll be placed in one of 2 groups:

    ", + "
  • a work-related activity group (you cannot work now, but can prepare to work in the future, for example by writing a CV)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-190" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reduced-earnings-allowance", + "scenario": "I'm 56, and have worked in construction since leaving school in the early 1980s. I have now been diagnosed with mesothelioma, which I believe to be the result of improper asbestos exposure in my first job in 1983-85. This has seriously reduced my ability to work.", + "question": "Can I claim Reduced Earnings Allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • your level of disability is assessed to be at least 1%
    • ", + "
  • you cannot return to your regular occupation
    • ", + "
  • you cannot do other work with the same level of earnings as your regular occupation
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you cannot earn as much as you used to because of an accident or disease caused by your work, you could get up to \u00a373.16 per week Reduced Earnings Allowance.

    ", + "

    You can only get it for accidents that happened, or diseases that started, before 1 October 1990.

    ", + "

    You could get Reduced Earnings Allowance if you have an illness or disability caused by a work-related accident or disease that happened before 1 October 1990.

    ", + "

    You must also meet all of the following criteria:

    ", + "
  • your level of disability is assessed to be at least 1%
    • ", + "
  • you cannot return to your regular occupation
    • ", + "
  • you cannot do other work with the same level of earnings as your regular occupation
    • " + ], + "id": "train-191" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pip", + "scenario": "I am 53, a UK Citizen and have lived in the UK my whole adult life. I was diagnosed with Huntington's Disease just over 14 years ago, the progression of which has steadily reduced my motor skills to the point where I am already claiming PIP at the lower daily rate. My doctor now believes that I am entering the terminal phase of the illness, and have only a few months to live.", + "question": "Am I now eligible for the higher daily rate of PIP?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are different rules if you\u2019re terminally ill and a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the higher daily living part if you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months. The rate of the mobility part depends on your needs.

    " + ], + "id": "train-192" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-trust-funds", + "scenario": "I set up a child trust fund for my now ten year old daughter some years ago but let it go dormant due to a poor financial position. Now my financial position has improved and I wish to start donating again.", + "question": "How much can I regularly put into my child's fund?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to \u00a39,000 a year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can continue to add up to \u00a39,000 a year to your CTF account. The money belongs to the child and they can only take it out when they\u2019re 18. They can take control of the account when they\u2019re 16.

    ", + "

    You can put up to \u00a39,000 a year into the account - the year starts on the child\u2019s birthday and ends the day before their next birthday.

    ", + "

    If you do not use the \u00a39,000 limit, you cannot carry any unused amount over to the following year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-193" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "scenario": "My partner and i have separated after 20 years of marriage but we can\u2019t agree on how to split up our shared properties and assets.Efforts to make a binding agreement have been futile.", + "question": "Can i apply for a court financial order?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use a mediator or get other help to resolve issues out of court.

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree on everything, you can ask a court to make a financial order.

    ", + "

    If you and your ex-partner cannot agree how to divide your finances you can ask a court to make a financial order (also known as the \u2018contested\u2019 route or an \u2018ancillary relief order\u2019).

    ", + "

    You must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).

    ", + "

    You can ask a court to make a financial order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.

    " + ], + "id": "train-194" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit-tax-charge", + "scenario": "I have started a new job and this now takes my Individual Income over \u00a350,000. I live with my partner and her son who is 12.", + "question": "If I want to keep claiming child benefit, will I have to register for income tax Self Assessment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay a tax charge, known as the \u2018High Income Child Benefit Charge\u2019, if you have an individual income over \u00a350,000 and either:

    ", + "
  • you or your partner get Child Benefit
    • ", + "

    If your individual income is over \u00a350,000 and so is your partner\u2019s, then whoever has the higher income is responsible for paying the tax charge.

    ", + "
  • get Child Benefit payments, and pay any tax charge at the end of each tax year
    • ", + "

    To pay the tax charge, you must:

    ", + "
  • register for Self Assessment
    • " + ], + "id": "train-195" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-students-allowance-dsa", + "scenario": "My eyesight is very bad so in order to read I need either very large print text or braille. I am starting an undergraduate university course this year, and I want to see if I can get financial support for large print / braille copies of course materials.", + "question": "Who do I contact to organise a Needs Assessment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "an assessment centre", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Once your eligibility for DSA is confirmed, Student Finance England may ask you to contact an assessment centre to work out what help you need.

    " + ], + "id": "train-196" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance", + "scenario": "I lost my job due to testing positive for corona virus which was followed by severe covid symptoms and i had to self isolate for more than 4 months. This has reduced my income and i need support .", + "question": "Do i need doctors evidence to qualify for statutory sick pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re claiming ESA because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll need to give evidence to support your claim.

    ", + "

    If you or your child are self-isolating and you cannot work because of COVID-19, you can get an \u2018isolation note\u2019 online from NHS 111 if you\u2019ve been off work for 7 or more days. You do not have to go to your doctor or a hospital.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, your notification is proof.

    " + ], + "id": "train-197" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-allowance", + "scenario": "I am currently the main carer for my Grandfather. I live with him at the moment and care for him 24/7, 7 days a week.", + "question": "I also am in receipt of Universal Credit. Will applying for Carer\u2019s Allowance affect my Universal Credit payments?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Carer\u2019s Allowance can affect the other benefits that you and the person you care for get. You have to pay tax on it if your income is over the Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to apply for:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit if you\u2019re on a low income or out of work
    • ", + "

    Carer\u2019s Allowance can affect the other benefits that both you and the person you care for get.

    ", + "

    When you claim Carer\u2019s Allowance your other benefit payments may change, but your total benefit payments will usually either go up or stay the same.

    " + ], + "id": "train-198" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-employment", + "scenario": "I am 14 years old and I want to take up a paper round during term time. I am not sure if I am allowed to do this.", + "question": "How many hours a week can I work during term time?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "12 hours", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Part-time work

    ", + "

    The youngest age a child can work part-time is 13, except children involved in areas like:

    ", + "

    During term time children can only work a maximum of 12 hours a week. This includes:

    ", + "
  • a maximum of 2 hours on school days and Sundays
    • ", + "
  • a maximum of 5 hours on Saturdays for 13 to 14-year-olds, or 8 hours for 15 to 16-year-olds
    • " + ], + "id": "train-199" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-employment", + "scenario": "My son has now reached 15 years old and wants to do a delivery job.He wants to be independent financially.", + "question": "How many hours per week can he work during school holidays?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "35 hours", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Children can only start full-time work once they\u2019ve reached the minimum school leaving age - they can then work up to a maximum of 40 hours a week.

    ", + "

    During school holidays 15 to 16-year-olds can only work a maximum of 35 hours a week. This includes:

    ", + "
  • a maximum of 8 hours on weekdays and Saturdays
    • " + ], + "id": "train-200" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-rights-when-using-surrogates-and-donors", + "scenario": "My partner and i have decided to use a surrogate to have a child. We wish to understand our rights as legal parents and sign a binding agreement.", + "question": "What rights do we have towards the child?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "if you use a surrogate, they will be the child\u2019s legal parent at birth.", + [] + ], + [ + "you must apply for a parental order or adoption if you want to become the legal parent of the child.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you use a surrogate, they will be the child\u2019s legal parent at birth.

    ", + "

    Legal parenthood can be transferred by parental order or adoption after the child is born.

    ", + "

    Surrogacy agreements are not enforceable by UK law, even if you have a signed document with your surrogate and have paid their expenses.

    ", + "

    You must apply for a parental order or adoption if you want to become the legal parent of the child.

    ", + "

    If neither you or your partner are related to the child, adoption is the only way you can become the child\u2019s legal parent.

    " + ], + "id": "train-201" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-for-mortgage-interest", + "scenario": "I am a home owner and receiving income support benefits. I recently had a major heating issues with my boiler and had to replace it which I couldn't afford. I took out a loan to pay for it.", + "question": "Am I eligible for getting Support for Mortgage Interest?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a homeowner, you might be able to get help towards interest payments on:

    ", + "
  • loans you\u2019ve taken out for certain repairs and improvements to your home
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for a Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI) loan, you usually need to be getting one of the following qualifying benefits:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • " + ], + "id": "train-202" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/sure-start-maternity-grant", + "scenario": "I live in Wales and am currently expecting my first child. I live with my partner, who is on a low income and is claiming Universal Credit, as am I.", + "question": "Can I get the Sure Start Maternity Grant?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get a one-off payment of \u00a3500 to help towards the costs of having a child. This is known as a Sure Start Maternity Grant.

    ", + "

    You usually qualify for the grant if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expecting your first child, or you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins) and have children already
    • ", + "
  • you or your partner already get certain benefits
    • ", + "

    Usually, to qualify for a Sure Start Maternity Grant there must be no other children in your family. You or your partner must also get one of these benefits:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • " + ], + "id": "train-203" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/budgeting-help-benefits", + "scenario": "I am on Universal Credit and my washing machine recently broke down. I can't afford to either have it mended or have it replaced. I have three children and desperately need a washer.", + "question": "What can I get help with my washing machine?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a budgeting advance", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A Budgeting Loan can help pay for:

    ", + "
  • furniture or household items (for example, washing machines or other \u2018white goods\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You may be eligible for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on certain benefits for 6 months.

    ", + "

    You cannot get a Budgeting Loan if:

    ", + "
  • you are currently claiming Universal Credit - apply for a Budgeting Advance instead
    • " + ], + "id": "train-204" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/divorce", + "scenario": "My sister has been for 10 years undergone domestic Abuse through her abusive husband. During covid pandemic the husband kicked her away from their shared accomodation. She is current in the refuge and want to divorce her abusive husband.", + "question": "Does my sister has a valid ground for divorce?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply for a divorce you\u2019ll need to prove that your marriage has broken down and cannot be saved. You\u2019ll need to give one or more of the following 5 reasons (also known as \u2018facts\u2019).

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife has behaved in such a way that you cannot reasonably be expected to live with them.

    ", + "

    This could include:

    ", + "
  • physical violence
    • ", + "
  • verbal abuse, such as insults or threats
    • ", + "
  • refusing to pay towards shared living expenses
    • " + ], + "id": "train-205" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-rights-when-using-surrogates-and-donors", + "scenario": "My partner and I have tried to conceive naturally for two years without success and are now contemplating alternative methods to enable us to become parents.", + "question": "If I have a child via a surrogate, is it possible they could refuse to surrender it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Surrogacy is legal in the UK, but if you make a surrogacy agreement it cannot be enforced by the law.

    ", + "

    If you use a surrogate, they will be the child\u2019s legal parent at birth.

    ", + "

    Legal parenthood can be transferred by parental order or adoption after the child is born.

    ", + "

    If there is disagreement about who the child\u2019s legal parents should be, the courts will make a decision based on the best interests of the child.

    ", + "

    Surrogacy agreements are not enforceable by UK law, even if you have a signed document with your surrogate and have paid their expenses.

    ", + "

    You must apply for a parental order or adoption if you want to become the legal parent of the child.

    " + ], + "id": "train-206" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paying-inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "I'm a 51 year old from York. I inherited my 73 year old fathers estate 6 months ago after he passed and I have payed too much on my inheritance tax bill.", + "question": "Can I claim the overpayment back?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you pay more money than the final bill says the estate owes, HMRC will refund the excess after you\u2019ve been given probate (confirmation in Scotland). Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.

    " + ], + "id": "train-207" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mortgage-interest-run-on", + "scenario": "I was getting Mortgage Interest Run On support to cover some of my house costs when my income support was stopped.", + "question": "I am starting a full time employment next week . Who should I inform ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your jobcentre plus office", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You don\u2019t need to apply - you should get Mortgage Interest Run On automatically. You just need to let your Jobcentre Plus office know as soon as you\u2019re starting work.

    " + ], + "id": "train-208" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-deputy", + "scenario": "My 71 year old mother has memory loss and lives at my address in South Wales, she cannot manage her own finances but will not approve me to take charge.", + "question": "How do I overturn her decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "apply to be a deputy", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to become someone\u2019s deputy if they \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019. This means they cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made. They may still be able to make decisions for themselves at certain times.

    ", + "

    People may lack mental capacity because, for example:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness
    • ", + "
  • they have dementia
    • ", + "

    You can apply to be a deputy if you\u2019re 18 or over. Deputies are usually close relatives or friends of the person who needs help making decisions.

    ", + "

    If you want to become a property and affairs deputy, you need to have the skills to make financial decisions for someone else.

    ", + "

    You or your representative must visit the person and tell them:

    ", + "
  • who\u2019s applying to be their deputy
    • ", + "
  • that their ability to make decisions is being questioned
    • ", + "
  • what having a deputy would mean for them
    • ", + "
  • where to get advice if they want to discuss the application
    • " + ], + "id": "train-209" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mental-health-tribunal", + "scenario": "I live in England and am the closest living relative to my brother, who was sectioned under the Mental Health Act almost six months ago. I believe his admission has not been adequately reviewed during this period and wish to apply to the tribunal for his release.", + "question": "Can I request that my brother be re-examined by the tribunal doctor in advance of any hearing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask for a pre-hearing examination with the tribunal doctor if you want one.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment or you\u2019re a restricted patient, you must do this at least 2 weeks before the hearing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-210" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oneoff-decision-personal-welfare", + "scenario": "My Grandfather has been suffering with a serious illness for the past 6 months. He has been sectioned on more than one occasion and taken into hospital. I do not believe he has the mental capacity to look after his own finances anymore.", + "question": "I have tried to speak to him and get him to agree for me to be his deputy, however he is refusing. Can I still apply for a one-off decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Apply to the Court of Protection if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re concerned about the personal welfare or property and financial affairs of someone who\u2019s lost mental capacity
    • ", + "
  • you want to get a one-off decision, for example to stop someone visiting a person who\u2019s lost mental capacity in a nursing home
    • ", + "

    You may have to apply to become a deputy if the person needs long-term help with decisions about personal welfare or property and financial affairs.

    ", + "

    You must tell:

    ", + "
  • the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for
    • ", + "

    You or your representative must visit the person and tell them:

    ", + "
  • who\u2019s applying to get a one-off decision about their personal welfare or property and financial affairs
    • ", + "
  • that their ability to make decisions is being questioned
    • ", + "
  • what the one-off decision would mean for them
    • ", + "
  • where to get advice if they want to discuss the application
    • " + ], + "id": "train-211" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/divorce", + "scenario": "I live in England with my two young children by my wife in our former family home; however, my wife moved out 3 years ago and I have applied for divorce on the grounds of desertion. Despite giving the court what I believed to be her current address, she has not responded over a month later.", + "question": "Can I still go ahead and apply for a degree nisi?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Desertion

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife has left you for at least 2 years before you apply for divorce.

    ", + "

    The court will send your husband or wife the divorce application and an \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 form. Your husband or wife will need to respond to your divorce application.

    ", + "

    Your husband or wife must respond within 8 days.

    ", + "

    If they do not submit an \u2018answer to divorce\u2019 form, you can continue the divorce by applying for a decree nisi.

    " + ], + "id": "train-212" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mental-health-tribunal", + "scenario": "My cousin was admitted in a psychiatric hospital for a mental health issue. He mentioned that has recovered and want discharged. I applied to Mental Health Tribunal on behalf of him for the discharge.", + "question": "He feels that he want to stay in psychiatric hospital for some more time for additional support. Can I withdraw my application ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Write to the tribunal as soon as possible if you do not want to continue with your application. The tribunal will decide whether to accept your withdrawal.

    ", + "

    You cannot withdraw your case if it was automatically referred to the tribunal, but you do not have to go to the hearing if you do not want to.

    " + ], + "id": "train-213" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/budgeting-help-benefits", + "scenario": "I am moving to a new home provided by council. I am already on housing benefits and income support benefits. I am planning to buy some white goods but have no money", + "question": "As I am already on benefits , will I be eligible for Budgeting Loans ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • Income Support
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A Budgeting Loan can help pay for:

    ", + "
  • furniture or household items (for example, washing machines or other \u2018white goods\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You may be eligible for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on certain benefits for 6 months.

    ", + "

    To get a Budgeting Loan you must have been getting one or more of these benefits for the past 6 months:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • " + ], + "id": "train-214" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-rights-when-using-surrogates-and-donors", + "scenario": "Me and my girlfriend are in a relationship for 5 years now. We didn't have kids. I am a British citizen and my wife is from Mexico. We planning for a surrogate in Mexico", + "question": "Once our surrogate gives birth in Mexico, what is the process to bring the child to UK and the parental order ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "apply for a parental order", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you use a surrogate, they will be the child\u2019s legal parent at birth.

    ", + "

    Legal parenthood can be transferred by parental order or adoption after the child is born.

    ", + "

    You must apply for a parental order or adoption if you want to become the legal parent of the child.

    ", + "

    One of you must be genetically related to the child - in other words, be the egg or sperm donor.

    ", + "

    You must apply within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth.

    ", + "

    If neither you or your partner are related to the child, adoption is the only way you can become the child\u2019s legal parent.

    ", + "

    If your surrogate gives birth abroad, you can only apply for a parental order if you and your partner are living in the UK.

    ", + "

    If the child is not a UK or EU national, they will need a visa to enter the UK during this process.

    " + ], + "id": "train-215" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/care-to-learn", + "scenario": "I came to UK on a study visa and brought my family with me. I am 19 and have a 6 months old baby. I was assessed and told that I am eligible for Care to Learn scheme", + "question": "Can I use the money for travel expenses?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Care to Learn can help with the cost of:

    ", + "
  • taking your child to their childcare provider
    • ", + "

    Travel payments go direct to your school or college - they\u2019ll either pay you or arrange travel for you.

    " + ], + "id": "train-216" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-credit", + "scenario": "I am 45 and a carer of a 80 years old disabled woman. I spend 25 hours per week caring for her. I want to maintain my National insurance record because I don't want it affect my future state pension like it happened to my sister.", + "question": "Can I claim Carers Credit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • Disability Living Allowance care component at the middle or highest rate
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment - daily living component, at the standard or enhanced rate
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re caring for someone for at least 20 hours a week.

    ", + "

    Carer\u2019s Credit is a National Insurance credit that helps with gaps in your National Insurance record. Your State Pension is based on your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for Carer\u2019s Credit, you can get credits to help fill gaps in your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    To get Carer\u2019s Credit you must be:

    ", + "
  • aged 16 or over
    • ", + "
  • under State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • looking after one or more people for at least 20 hours a week
    • ", + "

    The person you\u2019re looking after must get one of the following:

    ", + "
  • Disability Living Allowance care component at the middle or highest rate
    • ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Constant Attendance Allowance
    • ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment - daily living component, at the standard or enhanced rate
    • ", + "
  • Armed Forces Independence Payment
    • " + ], + "id": "train-217" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-deputy", + "scenario": "I am a deputy for my 80 year old father who has Alzheimer's disease and currently resides in residential care in England. Before the deputyship began, but in my opinion while he was already suffering from dementia, he changed his will to leave a substantial amount of money to a former family friend. I do not think he was in his right state of mind when doing this and my family and I all agree that we do not think the will represents his true wishes.", + "question": "As his deputy, can I change the will again to better reflect what we feel are my father's true wishes?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As a deputy, you\u2019ll be authorised by the Court of Protection to make decisions on their behalf.

    ", + "

    You must not:

    ", + "
  • make a will for the person, or change their existing will
    • " + ], + "id": "train-218" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit", + "scenario": "My wife and I have recently had our first child. She plans to give up work and be a full-time Mum for the first few years at least, while I stay in work. We're concerned about the impact my wife not working might have on her pension entitlement.", + "question": "Would it be better for my wife to claim child benefit instead of me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Only one person can get Child Benefit for a child.

    ", + "

    By claiming Child Benefit:

    ", + "
  • you can get National Insurance credits which count towards your State Pension
    • ", + "

    If your child is under 12 and you\u2019re not working or do not earn enough to pay National Insurance contributions, Child Benefit can give you National Insurance credits.

    ", + "

    Only one person can get Child Benefit for a child, so you need to decide whether it\u2019s better for you or the other parent to claim. The person who claims will get National Insurance credits towards their state pension if they are not working or earn less than \u00a3184 per week.

    " + ], + "id": "train-219" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "scenario": "I am a 37 year old English male living in Scotland, I have just filed for divorce and my wife is claiming half of my savings although we agreed upon nothing during marriage.", + "question": "Do the rules change for me because I live in Scotland although I am English?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    What you can do is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

    " + ], + "id": "train-220" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/care-to-learn", + "scenario": "I am 25 and a single parent. I have a six year old son. I am very keen to get back into education so I can get a better job.", + "question": "Am I eligible for help with childcare whilst I study?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must be aged under 20 at the start of your course.

    ", + "

    You can get Care to Learn if all of the following apply to you:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a parent under 20 at the start of your course
    • " + ], + "id": "train-221" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/care-to-learn", + "scenario": "I am 26 and I have a 2 year old daughter. I want to apply to a sixth-form college in order to receive the qualifications I didn't achieve in school, but I would struggle to pay for childcare.", + "question": "Am I eligible to apply for Care to Learn?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must be aged under 20 at the start of your course.

    ", + "

    You can get Care to Learn if all of the following apply to you:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a parent under 20 at the start of your course
    • " + ], + "id": "train-222" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/power-of-attorney", + "scenario": "I am only 25 but I am the kind of person that worries a lot. One of my worries is what would happen if I had an accident that left me with reduced mental capacity, unable to make decisions for myself. I would like to choose someone to act on my behalf.", + "question": "How much does it cost to register a Lasting Power of Attorney", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a382", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It costs \u00a382 to register an LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a382 to register each LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.

    ", + "

    This means it costs \u00a3164 to register both a property and financial affairs LPA and a health and welfare LPA.

    " + ], + "id": "train-223" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-allowance", + "scenario": "I am 18. I have a part time job, but it only pays around \u00a3100 per week. My mother needs permanent care. I am considering giving up my job and caring for her instead, in place of the private carer she currently pays.", + "question": "What is the maximum my mum could pay me each week and I still be eligible for carers allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3128", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • your earnings are \u00a3128 or less a week after tax, National Insurance and expenses
    • ", + "

    Your earnings are any income from employment and self-employment after tax, National Insurance and expenses.

    ", + "

    Payments that do not count as earnings include:

    ", + "
  • contributions towards your living or accommodation costs from someone you live with (they cannot be a tenant or boarder)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-224" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-statutory-will", + "scenario": "I am 23 with 2 children and my father recently developed dementia, he was about to add me to the will before being diagnosed but never did.", + "question": "Can I add myself to my fathers will?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll also need to prove to the Court of Protection that the person is not able to make a will by themselves.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Apply to the Court of Protection if you want to make (or change) a will on behalf of someone who cannot do it themselves.

    ", + "

    This may be because, for example:

    ", + "
  • they have dementia
    • ", + "

    You can apply when the person is not able to understand:

    ", + "
  • what making or changing a will means
    • ", + "
  • how much money they have or what property they own
    • ", + "
  • how making or changing a will might affect the people they know (either those mentioned in the will or those left out)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to prove to the Court of Protection that the person is not able to make a will by themselves.

    ", + "

    Decisions taken on someone\u2019s behalf must always be in their best interest. You must consider:

    ", + "
  • what they would do if they were able to make a will themselves
    • ", + "
  • their beliefs and personal values
    • ", + "
  • how they\u2019ve acted and made decisions for themselves in the past
    • " + ], + "id": "train-225" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-employment", + "scenario": "My 15 year old son has recently taken on a part time job as a kitchen assistant, which he loves. We are due to be going on holiday during the school summer holidays as a family, but he has been offered an increase in hours to cover staff absences over the summer holiday period. He will be working three hours a day, Monday to Friday, no weeks off during the school break.", + "question": "Is my 15 year old allowed to work in a part time job right through the school holiday period?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Children are not allowed to work:

    ", + "
  • without having a 2-week break from any work during the school holidays in each calendar year
    • ", + "

    During school holidays 15 to 16-year-olds can only work a maximum of 35 hours a week. This includes:

    ", + "
  • a maximum of 8 hours on weekdays and Saturdays
    • " + ], + "id": "train-226" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/divorce", + "scenario": "Me and my partner have decided we want to live apart after a breakdown in our marriage of 2 years. We feel it would be best to live in two different places and we both live in the UK.", + "question": "We do not want to be divorced, can we apply for legal separation instead?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you do not want a divorce, you can get a legal separation so you can live apart without ending the marriage. You might also be able to annul the marriage. You can apply for separation or annulment during your first year of marriage.

    " + ], + "id": "train-227" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-trust-funds", + "scenario": "I have a child trust fund for my kid who is 10 years old now and adding up money for the last two months. Still not clear how to manage the account", + "question": "when child can take control of money ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "when the child turns 18", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can continue to add up to \u00a39,000 a year to your CTF account. The money belongs to the child and they can only take it out when they\u2019re 18. They can take control of the account when they\u2019re 16.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re the main contact for the Child Trust Fund (CTF) account you\u2019re called the \u2018registered contact\u2019. You have certain responsibilities until the child turns 18, or until the child takes control of their own account.

    ", + "

    Once your child turns 16, they can either:

    ", + "
  • take over the account by contacting the CTF provider
    • ", + "
  • leave you in charge of the account
    • ", + "

    When the child turns 18, they take over the account and can take out the money.

    " + ], + "id": "train-228" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-students-allowance-dsa", + "scenario": "My sister has joined university but has been diagnised with bipolar and she needs support for her individual needs as she continues with her studies . She is on prescription medicine and needs some extra income to take care of her health.", + "question": "Is she eligible for disability support as she continues with her studies?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • qualify for student finance from Student Finance England
    • ", + "
  • be studying on a course that lasts at least a year
    • ", + "
  • a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd
    • ", + "
  • a Foundation Degree
    • ", + "
  • a Certificate of Higher Education
    • ", + "
  • a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Certificate (HNC)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Diploma (HND)
    • ", + "
  • a Postgraduate Certificate of Education (PGCE)
    • ", + "
  • a postgraduate course
    • ", + "
  • Initial Teacher Training
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) is support to cover the study-related costs you have because of a mental health problem, long term illness or any other disability.

    ", + "

    DSA does not cover disability-related costs you\u2019d have if you were not attending a course, or costs that any student might have.

    ", + "

    You can apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) if you live in England and have a disability that affects your ability to study, such as a:

    ", + "
  • mental health condition, for example anxiety or depression
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be an undergraduate or postgraduate student (including Open University or distance learning)
    • ", + "
  • qualify for student finance from Student Finance England
    • ", + "
  • be studying on a course that lasts at least a year
    • ", + "

    Your course must be in the UK and one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd
    • ", + "
  • a Foundation Degree
    • ", + "
  • a Certificate of Higher Education
    • ", + "
  • a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Certificate (HNC)
    • ", + "
  • a Higher National Diploma (HND)
    • ", + "
  • a Postgraduate Certificate of Education (PGCE)
    • ", + "
  • a postgraduate course
    • ", + "
  • Initial Teacher Training
    • " + ], + "id": "train-229" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/sure-start-maternity-grant", + "scenario": "My baby son was born three weeks ago and money is tight. I have one other child who is ten years of age.", + "question": "Will my first born child affect whether I am eligible for a Sure Start Maternity grant?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)
    • ", + "
  • the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You usually qualify for the grant if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expecting your first child, or you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins) and have children already
    • ", + "

    You can only get a grant if at least one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)
    • ", + "
  • the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK
    • " + ], + "id": "train-230" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pip", + "scenario": "In the last month I have been signed off worked by my GP. He said that I should not be working with my current on-going long term mental health condition. This will severely impact my income.", + "question": "I could be off work for years as it is a quite serious mental health condition I have. Can I claim PIP to help cover my bills?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You must be aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age to claim.

    ", + "
  • preparing or eating food
    • ", + "
  • washing, bathing and using the toilet
    • ", + "
  • dressing and undressing
    • ", + "
  • reading and communicating
    • ", + "
  • managing your medicines or treatments
    • ", + "
  • making decisions about money
    • ", + "
  • engaging with other people
    • ", + "

    You may get the mobility part of PIP if you need help going out or moving around.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Personal Independence Payment (PIP) can help you with some of the extra costs if you have a long term physical or mental health condition or disability.

    ", + "

    You must be aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age to claim.

    ", + "

    You must also have a physical or mental health condition or disability where you:

    ", + "
  • have had difficulties with daily living or getting around (or both) for 3 months
    • ", + "
  • expect these difficulties to continue for at least 9 months
    • ", + "

    You may get the daily living part of PIP if you need help more than half of the time with things like:

    ", + "
  • preparing or eating food
    • ", + "
  • washing, bathing and using the toilet
    • ", + "
  • dressing and undressing
    • ", + "
  • reading and communicating
    • ", + "
  • managing your medicines or treatments
    • ", + "
  • making decisions about money
    • ", + "
  • engaging with other people
    • ", + "

    You may get the mobility part of PIP if you need help going out or moving around.

    " + ], + "id": "train-231" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-rights-when-using-surrogates-and-donors", + "scenario": "I am a 26 year old from Wales and my sister has asked me to be her surrogate but she has a history of drug abuse and mental incapacity.", + "question": "Will I be deemed as the child's legal parent if I go through with surrogacy?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you use a surrogate, they will be the child\u2019s legal parent at birth.

    " + ], + "id": "train-232" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-allowance", + "scenario": "Me and my sister have cared for my mother for 5 years, she is 16 now and has just got a full time job leaving her to care for around 10 hours per week but she still receives the benefits.", + "question": "How do I change the benefits over into my name?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-233" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-for-mortgage-interest", + "scenario": "I became unemployed six months ago and am currently receiving Universal Credit. I own my current home but have a repayment mortgage with an outstanding balance of around \u00a332,000, with monthly repayments in the region of \u00a3230 (variable).", + "question": "Will SMI cover the full cost of my monthly repayments?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a homeowner, you might be able to get help towards interest payments on:

    ", + "
  • your mortgage
    • ", + "

    SMI cannot help you pay:

    ", + "
  • the amount you borrowed - only the interest on your mortgage
    • ", + "

    If you qualify for Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI), you\u2019ll usually get help paying the interest on up to \u00a3200,000 of your loan or mortgage.

    " + ], + "id": "train-234" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-students-allowance-dsa", + "scenario": "I am a UK Bachelor of Engineering student and doing engineering in computer science but unfortunately due to my disability I have to use a special keyboard for my course work", + "question": "Will I be eligible to apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • qualify for student finance from Student Finance England
    • ", + "
  • be studying on a course that lasts at least a year
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) is support to cover the study-related costs you have because of a mental health problem, long term illness or any other disability.

    ", + "

    You can get help with the costs of:

    ", + "
  • specialist equipment, for example a computer if you need one because of your disability
    • ", + "

    You can apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) if you live in England and have a disability that affects your ability to study, such as a:

    ", + "
  • physical disability, for example if you have to use crutches, a wheelchair or a special keyboard
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be an undergraduate or postgraduate student (including Open University or distance learning)
    • ", + "
  • qualify for student finance from Student Finance England
    • ", + "
  • be studying on a course that lasts at least a year
    • ", + "

    Your course must be in the UK and one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd
    • " + ], + "id": "train-235" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance", + "scenario": "I have bipolar disorder. Due to my condition, I am unable to work consistent hours. I tend to work around 10 hours per week, which pays me around \u00a3100 per week. I need government support to pay my bills", + "question": "How many hours per week can I work and still claim Employment and Support Allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "less than 16 hours", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can usually work while you are claiming ESA if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you work less than 16 hours a week
    • " + ], + "id": "train-236" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/agricultural-workers-rights", + "scenario": "I recently accepted a position as an agricultural worker at a farm in Wales. This is my first position in this field so I am still learning and am under supervision at work. I was told that I am a Grade 1 worker. There was a hailstorm yesterday which cut off work early. And the forecasts state the weather will remain quite bad for the next couple of weeks.", + "question": "Am I entitled to monetary compensation despite the bad weather?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Agricultural workers in Wales, and those employed in England before 1 October 2013, are normally entitled to:

    ", + "
  • pay even if bad weather stops work
    • " + ], + "id": "train-237" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/agricultural-workers-rights", + "scenario": "I have been working in the agricultural field for a while now. Recently there were some changes that left me a bit confused on what I am entitled to as a worker. I am a Grade 4 worker.", + "question": "At this Grade what is my hourly overtime rate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a312.32", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Agricultural workers in England must be paid at least the National Minimum Wage. Workers employed before the rules changed on 1 October 2013 still have the right to the Agricultural Minimum Wage if it says so in their contract.

    ", + "

    Agricultural workers in Wales must be paid at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage, or the National Minimum Wage if that\u2019s higher. The Agricultural Minimum Wage depends on the worker\u2019s job grade and category.

    ", + " | Weekly pay | Hourly pay | Hourly overtime", + "Grade 4 | \u00a3320.19 | \u00a38.21 | \u00a312.32" + ], + "id": "train-238" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hiring-crew", + "scenario": "I am the owner of a passenger ferry company. We encourage older applicants for all our ships' senior crew, and recently had one for the position of Master where the applicant had a Certificate of Service rather than the modern Certificate of Competency.", + "question": "Is the Certificate of Service still an acceptable qualification for employing a Deck Officer such as this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Deck and engineering officers must revalidate their certificate every 5 years. They do this by showing they\u2019ve completed either:

    ", + "
  • 12 months\u2019 sea service in the last 5 years
    • ", + "
  • 3 months\u2019 sea service in the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • 2.5 years in a relevant job - contact the MCA for advice
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use a Certificate of Service instead, if you have one. These were issued until 1998.

    ", + "

    Deck and engineering officers must revalidate their certificate every 5 years. They do this by showing they\u2019ve completed either:

    ", + "
  • 12 months\u2019 sea service in the last 5 years
    • ", + "
  • 3 months\u2019 sea service in the last 6 months
    • ", + "
  • 2.5 years in a relevant job - contact the MCA for advice
    • " + ], + "id": "train-239" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hiring-crew", + "scenario": "I am a British Citizen currently looking for work as crew on a container ship which carries cargo from the UK to various ports in Europe. I have a valid passport and understand that I will need a Seafarers Identity Document (SID) as well.", + "question": "What is the correct Seafarers Identity Document?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the british seaman\u2019s card", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All crew members must have either:

    ", + "
  • a Seafarers Identity Document (SID) containing a photograph, signature (or fingerprints) and a description of the holder, including their nationality
    • ", + "

    The standard seafarer\u2019s identity document for British citizens is the British seaman\u2019s card.

    " + ], + "id": "train-240" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-discipline-exclusions", + "scenario": "I have a fourteen year old son who has recently gone off the rails and got into a good deal of trouble at school. After the last incident he was excluded for 10 days. He seems indifferent but I am very worried about his future, as no alternative education appears to have been arranged for him.", + "question": "What can I do about my child's exclusion?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the school", + [] + ], + [ + "complain to the department for education (dfe)", + [] + ], + [ + "overturn the exclusion", + [ + "
  • the exclusion means they\u2019ll miss a public exam or national curriculum test
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If alternative education isn\u2019t arranged within 5 days, or you\u2019re not happy with the education, you can complain to:

    ", + "
  • the school, for fixed period exclusions
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not happy with the response, you can complain to the Department for Education (DfE).

    ", + "

    You can ask the school\u2019s governing body to overturn the exclusion if either:

    ", + "
  • your child has been excluded for more than 5 days
    • ", + "
  • the exclusion means they\u2019ll miss a public exam or national curriculum test
    • " + ], + "id": "train-241" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-discipline-exclusions", + "scenario": "My child was excluded and I have reason to believe that this was a result of prejudice towards him because he is a member of the LBGT community. I feel very angry about this but I have no idea what to do next.", + "question": "where can I make a complaint that my child has been discriminated against?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a court or a tribunal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you disagree with the way your child\u2019s been punished, first talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.

    ", + "

    You can make a claim to a court or a tribunal if you think your child\u2019s been discriminated against. You need to do this within 6 months of the exclusion.

    " + ], + "id": "train-242" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "scenario": "I got offered a seafarer position from one of my Dad's friends. I recently turned 17 and the offer seems like a nice way to spend the summer and gain some experience. He mentioned that I will mostly be working during the day but may sometimes have to fulfill nightly duties.", + "question": "Do I meet the age requirements for the position?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • where the seafarer\u2019s duties require it, as long as their health and safety is not affected
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The minimum age for seafarers is 16, although this is 18 if the work involves any:

    ", + "
  • night work
    • ", + "

    The minimum age for seafarers will be 16. Night workers have to be 18 or over.

    ", + "

    Exceptions can be allowed for:

    ", + "
  • where the seafarer\u2019s duties require it, as long as their health and safety is not affected
    • " + ], + "id": "train-243" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "scenario": "I recently joined a new seafarers crew. The hours have been long and at first I thought it was because we had some trouble on board. I usually get 10 hours of rest per day at least but have often been called back on deck during my rest period.", + "question": "Should I receive an extended rest period to make up for them calling me back to work during my scheduled one?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All seafarers on seagoing ships are entitled to:

    ", + "
  • a minimum of 10 hours\u2019 rest in any 24 hour period
    • ", + "

    Hours of rest must be at least:

    ", + "
  • 10 hours in any 24 hour period
    • ", + "

    Crew exercises, such as lifeboat drills, must cause minimal disruption to rest periods. Seafarers called out in a rest period are entitled to a rest period to make up for it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-244" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-veterinary-medicine-problem", + "scenario": "I found a street dog and decided to take it in. After visiting the vet I was informed it had no chip and was most definitely a stray and did not belong to anyone. They gave it the necessary medicine as well as a microchip. That was a little over 2 weeks ago and today while I was petting my dog the chip fell out.", + "question": "What kind of information will I need to make a report?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the microchip number", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can report suspected incidents with animal microchips including:

    ", + "
  • if a chip\u2019s moved from where it was implanted or has come out
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the microchip number to make a report.

    " + ], + "id": "train-245" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-veterinary-medicine-problem", + "scenario": "My cat recently fell sick and was barely moving. I took her to the vet and they prescribed medicine for me to mix with her food. I accidently touched one of the pills with a wet hand and after an hour or two the fingers I used to touch the medicine became numb. I went to the doctor myself and they assured me it would pass on its own in a day or two. That was 3 days ago and my fingers feel fine now. I am still interested in filling a report regarding my reaction to the cat medicine, unfortunately I will not be able to do online anytime soon.", + "question": "Am I able to file a report through post instead?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Download and fill in the form for reporting reactions in humans. Send it to the address on the form.

    " + ], + "id": "train-246" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dispose-hazardous-waste", + "scenario": "I own a refuse collection service in Northern England, which collects loads of (often hazardous) waste and conveys them to the appropriate disposal facilities. I am registered as a Waste Carrier.", + "question": "How many copies of the consignment note for each load need to be kept, and by whom?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "2", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • Fill in the parts of the consignment note that apply to you \u2013 keep one copy and give 2 copies to the carrier collecting your waste.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-247" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dispose-hazardous-waste", + "scenario": "I own a wood treatment business in the London area, and part of our work involves the use of moderately toxic chemicals. Once the process is complete the contaminated by-products are shipped in loads by a licensed Waste Carrier to a licensed disposal facility.", + "question": "For how long must we keep records of each load after the material has left the premises?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • Keep records (known as a \u2018register\u2019) for 3 years at the premises that produced or stored the waste.
    • ", + "
  • Keep records (known as a \u2018register\u2019) for 3 years at the premises that produced or stored the waste.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-248" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-classify-different-types-of-waste", + "scenario": "I own a small construction company, which specialises in building demolition and/or removal of old fittings. Some of this work involves handling and classifying some very hazardous material.", + "question": "How should insulation which contains asbestos products be classified?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "17-06-01*", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The tables below list waste codes for common construction and demolition waste.

    ", + "Insulation containing asbestos | Hazardous | 17-06-01*" + ], + "id": "train-249" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-classify-different-types-of-waste", + "scenario": "I am a GP partner in a small, private medical practice in London. We have recently gotten through a lot of gowns and other PPE as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, and these now need to be classified for disposal.", + "question": "How are potentially COVID-infected gowns and other PPE to be classified?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "healthcare offensive waste", + [ + "

    \u2018Offensive waste\u2019 is non-clinical waste that\u2019s non-infectious and does not contain pharmaceutical or chemical substances, but may be unpleasant to anyone who comes into contact with it.

    ", + "Healthcare offensive waste | Outer dressings and protective clothing like masks, gowns and gloves that are not contaminated with body fluids, and sterilised laboratory waste | Non-hazardous | 18-01-04 | 18-02-03" + ] + ], + [ + "infectious clinical waste (no chemicals or pharmaceuticals)", + [ + "Infectious clinical waste (no chemicals or pharmaceuticals) - orange bag | Hazardous | 18-01-03* | 18-02-02*" + ] + ], + [ + "infectious clinical waste", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    \u2018Offensive waste\u2019 is non-clinical waste that\u2019s non-infectious and does not contain pharmaceutical or chemical substances, but may be unpleasant to anyone who comes into contact with it.

    ", + "Healthcare offensive waste | Outer dressings and protective clothing like masks, gowns and gloves that are not contaminated with body fluids, and sterilised laboratory waste | Non-hazardous | 18-01-04 | 18-02-03", + "Infectious clinical waste (no chemicals or pharmaceuticals) - orange bag | Hazardous | 18-01-03* | 18-02-02*", + "Infectious clinical waste - yellow bag | Hazardous | 18-01-03* and 18-01-06* | 18-02-02* and 18-02-05*" + ], + "id": "train-250" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus-volunteering", + "scenario": "I live without a spleen, and therefore I am classed as clinically vulnerable to COVID-19. I live in Devon, and would still like to volunteer with my local community aid group.", + "question": "Can I volunteer outside of my home, despite being at high-risk for COVID-19?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • your social interactions
    • ", + "
  • the time you spend in places where you cannot social distance
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group. You can also help people in your local area by doing things like picking up shopping or medicines.

    ", + "

    You can volunteer outside your home, if you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19 (clinically extremely vulnerable), but you should take extra steps to protect yourself. For example, reduce:

    ", + "
  • your social interactions
    • ", + "
  • the time you spend in places where you cannot social distance
    • ", + "

    You can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group, for example a charity, the NHS or a local volunteer-run group.

    " + ], + "id": "train-251" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus-volunteering", + "scenario": "I run a support group of volunteers providing therapy support for lonely older people. We have 20 people in the support group.", + "question": "What is the limit to the number of volunteers we can have in the group?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "there\u2019s no limit to the number of volunteers", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you volunteer, you can meet in groups of any size from different households, both indoors or outdoors. However, meeting in smaller groups can reduce the risk of coronavirus (COVID-19) spreading.

    ", + "

    There cannot be more than 30 people in the support group itself. Children under 5 are not included in this limit. There\u2019s no limit to the number of volunteers.

    " + ], + "id": "train-252" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-election-result", + "scenario": "When I visited the election booth to vote in the UK parliament election, the mediators were destroying certain peoples polling cards before they could be accepted and denying entry, it seemed to only to be people from certain addresses but I'm not sure what can be done about it.", + "question": "when can I challenge the election results due to this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 21 days", + [ + "
  • the result of the UK Parliament election was returned to the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "after 21 days", + [ + "
  • you think there have been corrupt or illegal practices, for example bribery
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must usually apply within 21 days of when:

    ", + "
  • the result of the UK Parliament election was returned to the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery
    • ", + "

    A judge might let you apply after 21 days if:

    ", + "
  • you think there have been corrupt or illegal practices, for example bribery
    • " + ], + "id": "train-253" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-election-result", + "scenario": "I disagree with the current results from the election and myself and many other feel the votes were unfair, we wanted to petition to see if the votes can be recounted however it seems like an expensive process.", + "question": "What are the options so the petitioners are not out of pocket?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get help with court fees", + [ + "

    You can sometimes get help with court fees if you have little or no savings, are on certain benefits or have a low income.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "pay cash or give the names of up to 4 people (\u2018sureties\u2019) who will guarantee to pay", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can sometimes get help with court fees if you have little or no savings, are on certain benefits or have a low income.

    ", + "

    You can pay cash or give the names of up to 4 people (\u2018sureties\u2019) who will guarantee to pay. You must do this within 3 working days of handing in the petition.

    " + ], + "id": "train-254" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/schools-admissions", + "scenario": "My son and I live in Bristol. I am in the process of applying for secondary schools for him. He has been offered a place at our second choice.", + "question": "Can I still add his name to a waiting list of another school?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can also put your child\u2019s name down on a waiting list. The \u2018admission authority\u2019 for the school (usually the school itself or the council) must keep a waiting list open for at least the first term of each school year.

    ", + "

    Contact the school or your local council if you want your child\u2019s name added to a waiting list.

    ", + "

    You can add your child\u2019s name to a waiting list even if they have been offered a place at another school.

    ", + "

    If your child is on a waiting list and the school offers you a place, the admission authority will send you a formal offer. You can still accept the offer even if your child has already started at another school.

    " + ], + "id": "train-255" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/schools-admissions", + "scenario": "I have been browsing schools to send my daughter to. We applied for a school but were rejected on the basis of us not being Catholic. I think this is unfair.", + "question": "Who can I contact to complain about unfair admission arrangements?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the schools adjudicator", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact the Schools Adjudicator if you think a school has unlawful or unfair admission arrangements.

    " + ], + "id": "train-256" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fishing-vessel-licence-under-10-metres", + "scenario": "I live in Northern England and own a small (8m) coble (open boat), which I purchased four years ago and have been restoring in port ever since. I now wish to take this out to fish for cod and mackerel in the North Sea, and so will soon be registering my vessel as a precursor applying for a Category A license.", + "question": "How many years of ownership will my evidence need to cover when I apply for full registration?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must include the following documents:

    ", + "
  • original ownership documents - bill of sale, invoice or builder\u2019s certificate
    • ", + "

    Your evidence of ownership must cover the last 3 years if you\u2019re applying for full registration.

    " + ], + "id": "train-257" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fishing-vessel-licence-under-10-metres", + "scenario": "I live in Essex, England and own a small (7m) vintage fishing smack (unpowered sail boat). I would like to take this out into the Thames Estuary and North Sea to fish for mackerel and plaice.", + "question": "Do I need a Category A fishing vessel license?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you only use your vessel to fish for pleasure
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence if you want to catch and sell sea fish, unless you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a licence for your vessel if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you only use your vessel to fish for pleasure
    • " + ], + "id": "train-258" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "scenario": "I applied for a medal of service on my late husband's behalf around a month ago. The application process made me very sad and left me quite distracted on some of the details regarding the process.", + "question": "When should I expect to receive the medal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 12 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually get your medal within 12 weeks of sending the application form.

    " + ], + "id": "train-259" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "scenario": "I have had my veterans badge for over 5 years now, or at least I though so. I recently realized that I had misplaced it and am currently looking to replace it.", + "question": "Do I have to pay for the replacement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get an armed forces veterans badge if you\u2019ve served in any of the UK armed forces - there\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    You can get the first replacement veterans badge for free.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay a fee if it\u2019s the first veterans badge you\u2019re replacing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-260" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "scenario": "I came to UK from Malaysia in 1972 and settled here but don't have any document prove that I can live and work in UK", + "question": "Am I eligible to apply for Windrush Scheme ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re settled in the UK but do not have a document to prove it, you may be eligible to apply to the \u2018Windrush Scheme\u2019.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973
    • ", + "
  • you came to the UK from any country before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here
    • ", + "

    You can apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if you came to live in the UK before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here.

    ", + "

    You can be of any nationality.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for the Windrush Scheme if you arrived in the UK from any country before 1989.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible if you or your parent is a citizen of one of the following Commonwealth countries:

    ", + "
  • Malaysia
    • " + ], + "id": "train-261" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "scenario": "I came to UK in 1970 from Sri Lanka when there was war crisis in Sri Lanka. Though I am settled here I don't have proper documents till now that I have rights to work and live in UK", + "question": "I was denied a place to live in UK because of the lack of documents. Is there way to claim compensation on denial of rights ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you came to the UK from any country before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here
    • ", + "

    If you are eligible for this scheme, you might also be able to apply for compensation. The compensation scheme is for losses that happened because you could not show that you had a right to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    \u2018Losses\u2019 can be things like not being able to work, find a place to live or get health treatment. They can also include immigration action, like detention or removal from the UK.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for the Windrush Scheme if you arrived in the UK from any country before 1989.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible if you or your parent is a citizen of one of the following Commonwealth countries:

    ", + "
  • Sri Lanka
    • " + ], + "id": "train-262" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-veterinary-medicine-problem", + "scenario": "I am a veterinarian, and offer a microchip implantation service for my clients' dogs and cats and occasionally livestock. Recently I've had two cases where dogs have suffered what appeared to be an autoimmune reaction to the chip.", + "question": "Do I need the microchip number(s) to make a report of this to DEFRA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can report suspected incidents with animal microchips including:

    ", + "
  • a reaction to the chip being implanted, such as injury, infection or prolonged bleeding
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need the microchip number to make a report.

    " + ], + "id": "train-263" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-veterinary-medicine-problem", + "scenario": "I am a dog owner, and recently one of my dogs got into a fight with another dog and sustained quite serious bite wounds. On my vet's advice I bathed these with Chlorhexidine solution to prevent sepsis; however, this appeared to cause an allergic reaction in myself, resulting in a irritating skin rash.", + "question": "Can I report this problem to DEFRA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can report an unexpected reaction to an animal medicine or microchip to the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). You can also report if an animal medicine has not worked.

    ", + "

    How you report the reaction depends on whether:

    ", + "
  • a human has reacted to animal medicine
    • ", + "

    You can report a suspected reaction you or someone else has had to an animal medicine while using it on an animal, for example a skin allergy.

    ", + "

    Contact the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) Pharmacovigilance Team if you have any questions about reporting reactions.

    " + ], + "id": "train-264" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-if-moving-country-or-travelling", + "scenario": "I am a refugee from Sri Lanka and have a child. I moved to UK only 2 months back and yet to get a job but I have just start looking for a job", + "question": "Are I eligible to claim Child Tax Credit ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must have been living in the UK for 3 months before you were eligible to claim Child Tax Credit if you moved to the UK on or after 1 July 2014 and do not have a job. This does not apply if you:

    ", + "
  • are a refugee
    • ", + "

    You and your partner - if you have one - may continue to get Child Tax Credit for your children if:

    ", + "
  • you work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you pay National Insurance as a worker here
    • " + ], + "id": "train-265" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-register-a-trade-mark", + "scenario": "We have started new IT company and have designed a logo for our company. We want to check whether the logo has been already registered", + "question": "How do we check whether a trade mark is already registered ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "search the trade marks database", + [] + ], + [ + "check the eu trade marks register on the european union intellectual property office website", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your trade mark must be unique. It can include:

    ", + "

    Before you apply, you must search the trade marks database to check if anyone has already registered an identical or similar trade mark for the same or similar goods or services.

    ", + "

    You must also check the EU trade marks register on the European Union Intellectual Property Office website for any EU applications that were \u2018pending\u2019 on 1 January 2021. These applications have priority over yours.

    " + ], + "id": "train-266" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-register-a-trade-mark", + "scenario": "We have applied to register a trade mark. After we applied , we sensed that there might be objection on our trade mark.", + "question": "If someone opposed what are our options ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "withdraw your application", + [] + ], + [ + "talk to the person making the opposition", + [] + ], + [ + "defend your application", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The Intellectual Property Office will tell you if someone opposes your application.

    ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • withdraw your application
    • ", + "
  • talk to the person making the opposition
    • ", + "
  • defend your application
    • " + ], + "id": "train-267" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maritime-safety-weather-and-navigation", + "scenario": "My son has taken up the hobby of going out sailing my boat on weekends with his friends and I\u00b4m a bit worried.", + "question": "What system allows communication with the shore in the event of distress?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "gmdss", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) is a maritime communications system used for:

    ", + "
  • emergency and distress messages
    • ", + "
  • vessel-to-shore routine communications
    • " + ], + "id": "train-268" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maritime-safety-weather-and-navigation", + "scenario": "A friend who just moved to another country is trying to sell me his boat but it looks a bit old", + "question": "What safety equipment does the boat need in order to communicate with other vessels and receive emergency messages?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "global maritime distress and safety system (gmdss)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) is a maritime communications system used for:

    ", + "
  • emergency and distress messages
    • ", + "
  • vessel-to-vessel routine communications
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s voluntary for small leisure craft to have GMDSS, but HM Coastguard strongly recommends that pleasure craft install GMDSS with DSC.

    " + ], + "id": "train-269" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/volunteering", + "scenario": "I work part-time as a bookkeeper, and in my spare time I volunteer for a local charity which runs a day care centre. This involves collecting old people in my car and taking them to and from the centre, with my travel expenses covered on a fixed rate per-mile basis. Recently I changed from a petrol vehicle to an electric one, resulting in much lower running costs.", + "question": "If my travel expenses have been overpaid as a result of this change, is the overpayment taxable?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You will usually be given a volunteer agreement that explains:

    ", + "
  • any expenses the organisation will cover
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay tax on your driving expenses if you get back more than you spent.

    " + ], + "id": "train-270" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/volunteering", + "scenario": "I am 15 years old and wish to volunteer for a local charity. At the age of 13 I received a caution from the police for writing graffiti on a bus shelter, which will show up on any DBS Check run on me until I'm 16.", + "question": "Can I still do volunteer work, or do I need to wait for the caution to expire?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have a criminal record you can still volunteer in most roles, depending on your offences. You might need a Disclosure and Barring Service check if you want to volunteer with children or vulnerable adults.

    " + ], + "id": "train-271" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "scenario": "I have started a new Youtube channel about movie reviews. I am planning to use some of songs from a movie. The songs are copyrighted", + "question": "Will it be enough if I get a permission from a person who acquired the rights ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can\u2019t copy or use copyright material without permission. For example, you can\u2019t buy a painting and then use copies of it for a book cover, or buy a CD and use a track from it in a film.

    ", + "

    To use something protected by copyright you must either:

    ", + "
  • buy or acquire the copyright
    • ", + "

    A person can give permission if they are:

    ", + "
  • a person who bought, acquired or licensed the rights
    • " + ], + "id": "train-272" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "scenario": "We run a software company. We have recently merged with another software company. There is a trade mark registered on the merged company and we are the new owner of the trade mark", + "question": "Do we have to inform IPO about the change of owner ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To use an existing trade mark you should contact the current owner.

    ", + "

    Find the owner of a registered trade mark by searching the trade marks database.

    ", + "

    You must tell IPO if you become the new owner of a trade mark, for example by buying it or as the result of a company merger.

    " + ], + "id": "train-273" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-for-farm-vehicles", + "scenario": "I run a small independent dairy farm with two full time employees. I have always gone out of my way to ensure that working conditions are safe for everyone. I have never had any complaints from my employees.", + "question": "What are my responsibilities to ensure the safety?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "carry out a assessment of any risks related to your farm", + [] + ], + [ + "check how you\u2019re doing through regular inspections and monitoring", + [] + ], + [ + "plan and set standards to be sure that your health and safety practices work", + [] + ], + [ + "have a plan to manage these risks and protect people from harm", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you own or manage a farm, you\u2019re responsible for ensuring the health and safety of your workers and anyone who\u2019s affected by what they do.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • carry out a assessment of any risks related to your farm
    • ", + "
  • have a plan to manage these risks and protect people from harm
    • ", + "
  • plan and set standards to be sure that your health and safety practices work
    • ", + "
  • check how you\u2019re doing through regular inspections and monitoring
    • ", + "

    The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has produced guidance to help farmers conduct health and safety assessments of their farms.

    " + ], + "id": "train-274" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-for-farm-vehicles", + "scenario": "I own and operate a medium sized farm and some of my equipment and machinery badly need updating. I am in financial distress right now and will have to buy second hand, however.", + "question": "I need to be sure that second hand equipment that I buy is safe, how do I do this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "make sure that it complies with the provision and use of work equipment regulations 1998", + [] + ], + [ + "replace or repair any missing or damaged safety guards before use", + [] + ], + [ + "get the operator\u2019s manual or suitable instructions for use", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Before using second hand machinery, you should:

    ", + "
  • make sure that it complies with the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998
    • ", + "
  • get the operator\u2019s manual or suitable instructions for use
    • ", + "
  • replace or repair any missing or damaged safety guards before use
    • " + ], + "id": "train-275" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "scenario": "I'm 25 years old and I would like to work on a cruise ship as a casino dealer. I have Type 2 Diabetes, I'm under repeat prescription and I'm also following a strict diet.", + "question": "Can they refuse my request to get my prescription and follow my diet while I am around the world on the ship", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All seafarers have working and living rights that include:

    ", + "
  • food and medical care
    • ", + "

    A seafarer is anyone who works on board a seagoing ship, including:

    ", + "
  • self-employed contractors
    • ", + "
  • entertainers
    • ", + "

    A seagoing ship is any vessel:

    ", + "
  • on an international voyage or from a foreign port
    • ", + "

    Employers must protect their seafarers\u2019 health by:

    ", + "
  • having the right medical supplies
    • " + ], + "id": "train-276" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "scenario": "I'm a 45 years old unemployed father looking for a new opportunity on a cruise ship. I'm married and this can be a good option to help my family during this difficult times. I'm ready to leave the country and meet my wife few times a year if this can help both her and our baby.", + "question": "How often will I be able to come back home to see my family?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-277" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-taxes-and-reliefs", + "scenario": "I own a commercial business in Manchester, printing t-shirts. Since we use gas in our building, we have to pay a Climate Change Levy.", + "question": "Where can I find the CCL main rates listed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "on your business\u2019s energy bill", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The CCL main rates are listed on your business\u2019s energy bill.

    " + ], + "id": "train-278" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-taxes-and-reliefs", + "scenario": "I own a poultry farm in Telford, and I am consistently getting rid of the non-animal waste involved in maintenance and upkeep.", + "question": "Do I have to pay tax as well as our normal landfill fees?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay tax on top of your normal landfill fees if your business gets rid of waste using landfill sites.

    " + ], + "id": "train-279" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/elections-in-the-uk", + "scenario": "My parents moved to France in 1990, before I was born. I grow up in France and I have British passport. My 18th birthday is next month and I would like to vote during the next elections because I'm thinking about moving to my grandparents house next year.", + "question": "Can I receive my paperwork at my grandparents house even if I never lived there?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To vote in a general election you must:

    ", + "
  • be resident at an address in the UK (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-280" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/elections-in-the-uk", + "scenario": "I live in London and I'm not happy about how the council is managing the rubbish collection around my area. I think that the Mayor of London should do something about this, I'm more than happy to vote for another one at the next elections. I'm a German national.", + "question": "Can I vote in the next mayoral election?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To vote in a general election you must:

    ", + "
  • be a British, Irish or qualifying Commonwealth citizen
    • ", + "

    To vote in the London Mayor and London Assembly elections you must:

    ", + "
  • be resident at an address in Greater London
    • " + ], + "id": "train-281" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/running-community-amateur-sports-club", + "scenario": "I run a community tennis club in Devon. However, I am stepping down from my authorised person role to spend more time with my family. I want to register a new authorised person to run the club.", + "question": "How long will it take for these changes to be registered?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 30 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must report changes to your club\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • management
    • ", + "

    Allow at least 30 days for HMRC to register your changes.

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about changes to your:

    ", + "
  • organisation\u2019s contact details
    • ", + "
  • authorised officials or responsible persons
    • " + ], + "id": "train-282" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/running-community-amateur-sports-club", + "scenario": "I run a community badminton club in Telford, however, due to dwindling numbers, the club's members voted and agreed to close the club.", + "question": "Who do I contact in order to deregister the club?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "hm revenue and customs (hmrc)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can close a CASC but can\u2019t remove it from the register (this is called \u2018deregistration\u2019).

    ", + "

    Only HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can deregister your CASC.

    ", + "

    If your club\u2019s members vote and agree to close your CASC, you must:

    ", + "
  • let HMRC know
    • " + ], + "id": "train-283" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bullying-at-school", + "scenario": "I been watching my son for a couple of weeks now and he is not happy about something. I had a word with him and he mentioned that he is undergoing repeated harassment at the school", + "question": "Who do I report first about a bullying at school ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your school", + [] + ], + [ + "someone you trust", + [ + "

    You should report bullying to your school in the first place - or someone you trust if it happens outside school, for example in a club or online.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You should report bullying to your school in the first place - or someone you trust if it happens outside school, for example in a club or online.

    " + ], + "id": "train-284" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bullying-at-school", + "scenario": "My son has been constantly harassed at school. He is mentally down and a tried a lot to console him but no success. I am worried and I have just started looking for help", + "question": "Where can I get some help or advice on bullying ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "anti-bullying alliance", + [] + ], + [ + "bullying uk", + [] + ], + [ + "childline", + [] + ], + [ + "kidscape", + [] + ], + [ + "the diana award", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are lots of organisations that provide support and advice if you\u2019re worried about bullying:

    ", + "
  • Anti-Bullying Alliance
    • ", + "
  • Bullying UK
    • ", + "
  • Childline
    • ", + "
  • The Diana Award
    • ", + "
  • Internet Matters
    • ", + "
  • Kidscape
    • ", + "
  • The UK Safer Internet Centre
    • ", + "
  • UK Council for Child Internet Safety (UKCCIS)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-285" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-tax-credits", + "scenario": "I am a single parent with two children under the age of ten. I work full time but only earn minimum wage. I do not get any sort of support from the father of my children. I do not have any family members who can help me with childcare. I have no savings and indeed am in a small amount of debt.", + "question": "Am I entitled to tax credits?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tax credits have been replaced by Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    You can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit or Working Tax Credit if you already get tax credits. You\u2019ll need to update your existing tax credit claim by\u00a0reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.

    " + ], + "id": "train-286" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-tax-credits", + "scenario": "I am a married parent of three children. I work part time and my husband has a low paying full time job. I have recently learned that we might have been eligible for tax credits for the past two or three years but we did not know this.", + "question": "Can we put in a backdated claim for tax credits and if so how do we go about it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tax credit claims can sometimes be backdated by more than 31 days if you:

    ", + "
  • apply within a month of getting refugee status
    • ", + "
  • apply within 31 days of qualifying for certain sickness or disability benefits, such as Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment
    • " + ], + "id": "train-287" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/running-community-amateur-sports-club", + "scenario": "I am opening a new community sports club, offering athletics facilities and training to youths.", + "question": "In what situations might my new Sports club need to pay taxes to HMRC?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your club uses money for other (non-qualifying) purposes", + [] + ], + [ + "your trading or property rental income is more than the threshold for relief", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need to pay tax if:

    ", + "
  • your club uses money for other (non-qualifying) purposes
    • ", + "
  • your trading or property rental income is more than the threshold for relief
    • " + ], + "id": "train-288" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/running-community-amateur-sports-club", + "scenario": "My community may no longer require the sports club, registered as a CASC.", + "question": "How do I deregister a Sports Club?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "let hmrc know", + [] + ], + [ + "follow the rules in your governing document", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Only HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can deregister your CASC.

    ", + "

    If your club\u2019s members vote and agree to close your CASC, you must:

    ", + "
  • let HMRC know
    • ", + "
  • follow the rules in your governing document
    • " + ], + "id": "train-289" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "scenario": "We are a IT company and recently we are investing on the Artificial Intelligence. There is a patent registered on Machine learning that we are interested in buying and seller is happy to sell it.", + "question": "Is it possible to buy a patent when someone sells it ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You need a written document to record the transfer. This is known as an \u2018assignment\u2019 and must be signed by the person selling the patent.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact the owner of the patent to see if they\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • sell it to you
    • ", + "

    When someone sells you a patent they must transfer ownership to you.

    " + ], + "id": "train-290" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "scenario": "We as an organisation are planning to buy a copyright of a design work. This work was created by a person who works for a company. The person created the design work as part of his job", + "question": "Can the creator's employer can give us permission to use?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can usually get permission to use someone else\u2019s intellectual property (IP) by buying the rights from them or getting their permission to use it.

    ", + "

    To use something protected by copyright you must either:

    ", + "
  • buy or acquire the copyright
    • ", + "

    A person can give permission if they are:

    ", + "
  • the creator\u2019s employer, if it was created it as part of the creator\u2019s job
    • " + ], + "id": "train-291" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-vote", + "scenario": "I am only seventeen but will be eighteen by the time of the next election (both general and local) and would like to be able to vote for the first time but I do not know how to go about this.", + "question": "Will I be automatically added to the electoral roll when I turn eighteen?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to be registered to vote before you can vote in UK elections or referendums.

    " + ], + "id": "train-292" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-vote", + "scenario": "I have a serious immunity disorder and as a result I am self isolating for the duration of the pandemic. Even though my polling station is very near I do not feel comfortable going to vote in person.", + "question": "I want to vote by post, what do I do?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "apply for a postal vote", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can vote:

    ", + "
  • by post
    • ", + "

    You must apply for a postal vote if you want to vote by post, for example if:

    ", + "

    You do not need to give a reason unless you\u2019re voting in Northern Ireland.

    " + ], + "id": "train-293" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "scenario": "I previously ordered a veterans badge due to having served 23 years in the armed forces. I did get one but ive somehow managed to misplace it and would very much like to replace it but I am not sure who to contact about organising it all.", + "question": "Am I able to order a replacement veterans badge?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you lose your badge, you can apply for a replacement.

    ", + "

    You can get the first replacement veterans badge for free.

    ", + "

    Follow the instructions for applying for a veterans badge - you can use the same form.

    " + ], + "id": "train-294" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "scenario": "My father passed away 3 years ago after a long service of 30 years with the UK Merchant Navy, as a remembrance gift for my mother i wanted to give her a gift of a veteran seafarers badge that would have been bestowed on him as an honour. I think he would really appreciate the acknowledgement", + "question": "Am I able to order on my dads behalf a Merchant Navy Seafarers badge now that my father has passed away?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge if you:

    ", + "
  • were a Merchant Navy seafarer or fisherman
    • ", + "

    You can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension.

    " + ], + "id": "train-295" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/upper-tribunal-immigration-asylum", + "scenario": "I am from Syria and came to UK 7 years back. I have applied for Asylum and provided all the required legal documents. I currently don't have any money", + "question": "Can I get some financial help while I was waiting for the decision on my application ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to get asylum support, for example housing and money, while you\u2019re waiting to find out if you\u2019ll be given asylum.

    " + ], + "id": "train-296" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/upper-tribunal-immigration-asylum", + "scenario": "I applied for an asylum. The application was rejected. I thought it was asylum tribunal mistake and appealed the decision but now I realised it was my mistake", + "question": "I want to withdraw my appeal. Who do I contact to withdraw my appeal ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the tribunal", + [] + ], + [ + "the hearing centre where your appeal is scheduled", + [ + "

    If your hearing is less than 7 days away, contact the hearing centre where your appeal is scheduled.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Only you or your representative can withdraw your appeal. Contact the tribunal in writing if you want to withdraw your appeal - include your appeal number. The tribunal will decide whether to give you permission to withdraw, or if the hearing will go ahead.

    ", + "

    If your hearing is less than 7 days away, contact the hearing centre where your appeal is scheduled.

    " + ], + "id": "train-297" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-vote", + "scenario": "The elections voting are starting next week but I am not in UK at the moment and will not be back in 3 months. This is just a temporary trip outside of UK", + "question": "How can I vote from abroad ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a proxy vote", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must apply for a postal vote if you want to vote by post, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re abroad and want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "

    Arrange to vote by proxy if there are under 2 weeks until election day and you have not made arrangements.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unable to vote in person you can ask someone to vote on your behalf. This is called a proxy vote.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a proxy vote under certain circumstances, including:

    ", + "
  • being away on polling day
    • ", + "

    Usually, you need to apply for a proxy vote at least 6 working days before election day if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales.

    " + ], + "id": "train-298" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-vote", + "scenario": "I live in Scotland and for work reasons I have to move to Northern Ireland for 3 months. The elections are due in a month and I want to vote bu post from Northern Ireland", + "question": "Can I vote by post if I don't have any special reason?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, you can vote in person on the day of the election at a named polling station. You can also apply for a postal or proxy vote instead.

    ", + "

    You can vote:

    ", + "
  • by post
    • ", + "

    You do not need to give a reason unless you\u2019re voting in Northern Ireland.

    " + ], + "id": "train-299" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dispose-hazardous-waste", + "scenario": "I have started a contracting business about 2 months ago, one of our recent projects involves us getting rid of materials with asbestos which will be my first time disposing of it. I know it can be harmful but i really am not sure if it can be dumped as normal.", + "question": "Is asbestos classed as non-hazardous waste?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Waste is generally considered hazardous if it (or the material or substances it contains) are harmful to humans or the environment. Examples of hazardous waste include:

    ", + "
  • asbestos
    • " + ], + "id": "train-300" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dispose-hazardous-waste", + "scenario": "My company regularly produces hazardous waste, we follow detailed procedures on getting rid of this waste but recently ive been asked to provide records of this, i don't understand what records are needed.", + "question": "What kind of documents and recording is required when disposing of hazardous waste for my business?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "consignment notes", + [] + ], + [ + "consignee returns", + [] + ], + [ + "any related documents", + [] + ], + [ + "a record of any missing information", + [ + "

    If these documents are not accurate or complete, you must keep a record of any missing information.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must keep your copies of:

    ", + "
  • consignment notes
    • ", + "
  • consignee returns \u2013 you\u2019ll get these from businesses that receive your waste (consignees)
    • ", + "
  • any related documents, for example \u2018carrier schedules\u2019 (list of carriers when there is more than one), records of rejected loads
    • ", + "

    If these documents are not accurate or complete, you must keep a record of any missing information.

    " + ], + "id": "train-301" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/managing-your-waste-an-overview", + "scenario": "We own a butchery shop and we use our house sometimes to clean the meat. While cleaning there are lot wastes that have to be disposed", + "question": "As the wastes are generated from home. Does these wastes considered as business waste ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Any waste that comes from a commercial activity is business waste. If you use part of your home to run your business then any waste from that part is business waste.

    " + ], + "id": "train-302" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/managing-your-waste-an-overview", + "scenario": "We own a water bottle business. As part of our business there are lot of plastics that are to be re-cycled. We cannot recycle everything in UK because of the huge loads of plastics", + "question": "Can we export our plastics outside of UK for disposing ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot move waste between countries for disposal, for example to send it to landfill. You can usually only import or export waste to recover it, such as using waste to produce energy.

    " + ], + "id": "train-303" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus-volunteering", + "scenario": "I am in my early thirties and with the coronavirus going around I have quite a lot of free time since I am working from home. I want to help people in my local area who are at risk, feeling isolated or otherwise prefer not to go out.", + "question": "Are there certain groups I can join to provide better aid to those who need it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group. You can also help people in your local area by doing things like picking up shopping or medicines.

    ", + "

    You can help others by doing activities like picking up shopping and offering support on the phone. This includes:

    ", + "
  • family, friends and neighbours who are at high risk from COVID-19 or who prefer not to go out
    • ", + "
  • people who are feeling lonely or isolated
    • ", + "
  • staff and volunteers in key worker roles
    • ", + "

    You can also join a mutual aid group. A mutual aid group is a local volunteer-run initiative where people come together to help each other.

    " + ], + "id": "train-304" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus-volunteering", + "scenario": "I have been volunteering with a support group in my local area for a few weeks now. A couple of days ago I started feeling a bit under the weather and decided to get tested for COVID-19, the results came back positive. I will be self-isolating for the next 10 days.", + "question": "Will I still be asked to keep contributing to my volunteer group?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Follow guidance on volunteering with other people if you have to volunteer outside your home. Do not leave home if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate by NHS Test and Trace
    • ", + "

    Do not volunteer outside your home if you have COVID-19 symptoms or if you\u2019ve tested positive for COVID-19.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-isolating your volunteer organisation should not ask you to leave home.

    " + ], + "id": "train-305" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-classify-different-types-of-waste", + "scenario": "I have just started to run a small, independent construction company with four employees. We often have a good deal of waste left over at the end of the day, including domestic waste such as food wrappings and waste such as rubble.", + "question": "How can I make sure that I am disposing of our waste in the legal manner?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "identify and classify your waste before you send it for recycling or disposal.", + [] + ], + [ + "get advice from a specialist waste contractor if you\u2019re not sure", + [] + ], + [ + "contact the environment agency", + [] + ], + [ + "describe your waste in the paperwork you give your waste contractor", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must identify and classify your waste before you send it for recycling or disposal. This makes sure you or anyone handling your waste deals with it properly.

    ", + "

    You must describe your waste in the paperwork you give your waste contractor. This must include:

    ", + "

    Get advice from a specialist waste contractor if you\u2019re not sure whether it\u2019s hazardous or not.

    ", + "

    For more information, contact the Environment Agency.

    " + ], + "id": "train-306" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-classify-different-types-of-waste", + "scenario": "My elderly mother died recently and my siblings and I have been clearing out her property. We have run across a large supply of prescription medicine which she was using for various conditions.", + "question": "How can we ensure that we safely dispose of our mother's unused medicines?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "returned to a community pharmacy", + [ + "
  • cytotoxic and cytostatic medicines: 20-01-31*
    • ", + "
  • other medicines: 20-01-32
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Household medicines returned to a community pharmacy should be coded as follows:

    ", + "
  • cytotoxic and cytostatic medicines: 20-01-31*
    • ", + "
  • other medicines: 20-01-32
    • " + ], + "id": "train-307" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-copies-of-intellectual-property-documents", + "scenario": "I have a patent out on an invention that I made some years ago. It has not been very successful until now but recently someone expressed an interest. I have lost the paperwork, however.", + "question": "How do I go about obtaining copies of my paperwork?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "use patents form 23", + [] + ], + [ + "fill in the form and post it", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get copies of documents if you need to prove who owns or has applied for a UK patent, trade mark or design registration.

    ", + "

    You need a certified copy to:

    ", + "
  • prove legal ownership of intellectual property, such as in a court case
    • ", + "

    Use patents form 23 to apply for either a certified or uncertified copy of a patent.

    ", + "

    Fill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.

    " + ], + "id": "train-308" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-copies-of-intellectual-property-documents", + "scenario": "I am a illustrator of children's books and recently learned that some of my early illustrations have been used without my permission. I am really unhappy about this but am not sure where to turn.", + "question": "How do I go about getting a copy of my trademark papers and reclaiming my work?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "use form tm31r", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need a certified copy to:

    ", + "
  • prove legal ownership of intellectual property, such as in a court case
    • ", + "

    Fill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Certified copies cost \u00a320 each.

    ", + "

    Use form TM31R to get a certified copy of a trade mark.

    " + ], + "id": "train-309" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/managing-your-waste-an-overview", + "scenario": "My company does construction, we are currently building a new office building in the center of Liverpool. We were told we will be supplied with all necessities regarding waste sorting, storing and disposal. Today we got to see the bins we are going to be using and some of are quite old and have no lids.", + "question": "Do the bins with no lids meet the criteria for safely sorting waste?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must store waste safely and securely. To do this:

    ", + "
  • use suitable containers that will stop waste escaping
    • ", + "
  • use covers to stop waste blowing away
    • ", + "
  • use waterproof covers if rain could cause contaminated run-off or prevent the waste from being reused
    • " + ], + "id": "train-310" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/managing-your-waste-an-overview", + "scenario": "I use my garage to manufacture custom mini computers for my online store. I often end up throwing away chips, cables and boards. I have been running this business for around a month now. Yesterday my neighbour told me I should take better care of my waste and that if I didn't he would contact authorities to report improper disposal of business waste.", + "question": "Does the waste I produce in my garage count as business waste?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Any waste that comes from a commercial activity is business waste. If you use part of your home to run your business then any waste from that part is business waste.

    " + ], + "id": "train-311" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-tax-credits", + "scenario": "My partner and are on a low income and are looking to claim tax credits to top up our income. As a leaving present from my previous employer, I received some shares in the company.", + "question": "Do dividends from these shares count towards our income when assessing our claim for tax credits?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Income includes:

    ", + "
  • UK company dividends
    • " + ], + "id": "train-312" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-charity", + "scenario": "I recently fulfilled my dream of setting up a charity aimed at providing hot food for homeless people. We are producing a lot of food each day using both cash donations and food donations from supermarkets", + "question": "Can we get a tax break due to the nature of our business?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • its income is at least \u00a35,000 per year or it\u2019s a charitable incorporated organisation (CIO)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s based in England or Wales (the rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To get tax relief your charity needs to be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Your charity must have \u2018charitable purposes\u2019 that help the public (known as being \u2018for public benefit\u2019).

    ", + "

    Charitable purposes include things that contribute to:

    ", + "
  • relieving poverty
    • ", + "
  • human rights
    • ", + "

    You must apply to register your charity if:

    ", + "
  • its income is at least \u00a35,000 per year or it\u2019s a charitable incorporated organisation (CIO)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s based in England or Wales (the rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland
    • " + ], + "id": "train-313" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "scenario": "My father left me his farm land in his will. The is quite empty but in overall good shape and I would like to build a new house on it. That way I will have the property that is already there which will continue to be used for farming purposes while I develop a new home for my family. I am from the North-West part of England.", + "question": "Do I need a planning permission and can I apply online?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need planning permission if:

    ", + "
  • you want to build a house on the land
    • ", + "

    In England and Wales, you can apply online at the Planning Portal.

    " + ], + "id": "train-314" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "scenario": "I am planning a major change in how I operate my farming land. It will consist of demolishing several buildings currently used for farming. The new construction will be used as a living space and will include a large gym area, which may later on be made available to the public.", + "question": "Do I need to apply for planning permission?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Farms are covered by the same planning regulations as other types of property. Some planning rules include special conditions for agricultural buildings and land.

    ", + "

    You need planning permission if:

    ", + "
  • you want to change how you use your land or buildings from farming to something else
    • ", + "
  • you want to build a house on the land
    • " + ], + "id": "train-315" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures", + "scenario": "I have only recently moved into my first home as a first time buyer, when i was speaking to my friend in a similar sized house she mentioned her energy cost and it was half of what mine was even though our homes were the same size.", + "question": "What are possible ways to check if my home can be altered to reduce my energy costs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "use the energy efficiency calculator to find out how you can reduce your energy bills", + [] + ], + [ + "check which home energy grants you might be able to apply for", + [] + ], + [ + "talk to a green deal assessor or provider", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are various ways to check if your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements:

    ", + "
  • use the Energy Efficiency Calculator to find out how you can reduce your energy bills
    • ", + "
  • check which home energy grants you might be able to apply for
    • ", + "
  • talk to a Green Deal assessor or provider
    • ", + "

    A Green Deal assessor will visit your home, talk to you about your property and your energy use and help you decide if you could benefit from Green Deal improvements.

    " + ], + "id": "train-316" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures", + "scenario": "I have previously received a quote for cavity wall insulation for a tenancy i own, the prices are extortionate and i want to do it to improve energy bills and quality for the tenants but it is so expensive i am unsure i can afford it.", + "question": "What are fundings available to assist in paying for energy saving improvements to a tenancy?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get a green deal finance plan", + [ + "

    You can only get a finance plan for improvements recommended in your Green Deal assessment.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "pay in advance", + [] + ], + [ + "use other schemes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to get a loan through the Green Deal, but you\u2019ll have to pay this back.

    ", + "

    Any household with an electricity meter (including prepayment meters) in England, Scotland or Wales can use the scheme.

    ", + "

    Both the landlord and the tenant must agree to the improvements if the building is rented.

    ", + "

    You can use the Green Deal for a range of different energy saving measures including:

    ", + "
  • insulating your loft or walls
    • ", + "

    You can pay in advance, get a Green Deal finance plan, or use other schemes to fund the work. You can also combine ways to pay.

    ", + "

    Finance plans are offered by approved Green Deal providers.

    ", + "

    You can only get a finance plan for improvements recommended in your Green Deal assessment.

    " + ], + "id": "train-317" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/defend-your-intellectual-property", + "scenario": "I have filed a patent on a machine learning technology. I have noticed online that someone used my patent to advertise their product", + "question": "Where can I report this IP crime ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "citizens advice", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Report suspected IP crime to Trading Standards by contacting Citizens Advice.

    " + ], + "id": "train-318" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/defend-your-intellectual-property", + "scenario": "We have filed a patent on Artificial intelligence and noticed someone using it to market their product. We found the person using it and want to resolve the issue quickly", + "question": "Can we make a deal with the other party without going to court ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can take the following steps.

    ", + "
  • Get the other party to stop using your IP or come to an agreement with them, for example license your IP.
    • ", + "
  • Use mediation or another type of dispute resolution.
    • ", + "

    If someone is using your IP without your permission you can contact them and ask them to stop.

    ", + "

    You can offer to make a deal with the other party, which is usually cheaper and quicker than going to court.

    " + ], + "id": "train-319" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/patent-your-invention", + "scenario": "I am a mechanical engineer who works with a large engineering firm. I also maintain a workshop of my own at home, and recently invented a new device while working alone there. I would rather not discuss this with the company's lawyers if I do decide to try and patent it, as that may well complicate the issue of ownership.", + "question": "What are the sources of free (or inexpensive) legal advice on applying for a patent?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a patent attorney or other professional advisor - many offer basic advice for free", + [] + ], + [ + "an intellectual property (ip) clinic", + [] + ], + [ + "the british library business and ip centre in london", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get a professional to help you decide whether a patent is right for your business.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get free advice by:

    ", + "
  • speaking to a patent attorney or other professional advisor - many offer basic advice for free
    • ", + "
  • attending an intellectual property (IP) clinic
    • ", + "
  • going to the British Library Business and IP Centre in London
    • " + ], + "id": "train-320" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/patent-your-invention", + "scenario": "I am the owner of a medical devices company, which hopes to patent a revolutionary new testing device in the near future. There will also be a novel medical approach required to make use of this device.", + "question": "Can we patent the medical procedure as well as the medical device?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To be granted a patent, your invention must be all of the following:

    ", + "
  • something that can be made or used
    • ", + "

    You cannot patent certain types of invention, including:

    ", + "
  • a method of medical treatment or diagnosis
    • " + ], + "id": "train-321" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "scenario": "I use to live in a country part of the commonwealth and moved to the united kingdom and I'm planning to work in the united kingdom.", + "question": "Do I need to apply to work in the united kingdom?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973
    • ", + "
  • you came to the UK from any country before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here
    • ", + "

    You can apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if you came to live in the UK before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re settled in the UK but do not have a document to prove it, you may be eligible to apply to the \u2018Windrush Scheme\u2019.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973
    • ", + "
  • you came to the UK from any country before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here
    • ", + "

    You can apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if you came to live in the UK before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here.

    " + ], + "id": "train-322" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "scenario": "My parents moved to the united kingdom from a country once ruled by the united kingdom, I plan to stay and work in the united kingdom.", + "question": "Am I eligable to apply to work and live in the united kingdom under the Windrush Scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • your parents came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re settled in the UK but do not have a document to prove it, you may be eligible to apply to the \u2018Windrush Scheme\u2019.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • your parents came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973
    • " + ], + "id": "train-323" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/schools-admissions", + "scenario": "I have just moved to a new area with my partner and our seven year old daughter. Our daughter has Asperger's syndrome and we are concerned as to how she will be able to fit into a new school. Our doctor is prepared to write a letter confirming the diagnosis", + "question": "As my daughter has a non physical disability, will we get more leverage when it comes to selecting a school in our new area?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your child has SEN, their Education, Health and Care (EHC) plan will name a school for them. The school must give your child a place.

    " + ], + "id": "train-324" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-charities", + "scenario": "We run a charity for helping disabled people. We have a building for all management activities. Recently we have to renovate the building and got a quote from a construction company", + "question": "Do we have to pay VAT on the construction services we receive ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • evidence that you\u2019re a charity
    • ", + "
  • a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming that you\u2019re eligible for the relief
    • ", + "

    You must give your supplier an eligibility declaration or certificate when they sell you goods or services at zero rate VAT. There are examples of declarations and certificates for different goods.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As a charity you do not pay VAT when you buy some goods and services.

    ", + "

    You must prove to the person who\u2019s selling the goods or services to you that you\u2019re eligible for relief. You do not need to be registered for VAT.

    ", + "

    Charities pay VAT on all standard-rated goods and services they buy from VAT-registered businesses. They pay VAT at a reduced rate (5%) or the \u2018zero rate\u2019 on some goods and services.

    ", + "

    Find out about the conditions you must meet so that your charity pays no VAT (the zero rate) when you buy:

    ", + "
  • construction services
    • ", + "

    To get VAT relief you must give your supplier:

    ", + "
  • evidence that you\u2019re a charity
    • ", + "
  • a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming that you\u2019re eligible for the relief
    • ", + "

    You must give your supplier an eligibility declaration or certificate when they sell you goods or services at zero rate VAT. There are examples of declarations and certificates for different goods.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying building or construction services at zero VAT, the certificate must follow a set format.

    " + ], + "id": "train-325" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-charities", + "scenario": "We are charity to help homeless people. We sell children's toys to raise funds for the charity. We have not registered for VAT and our VAT taxable turnover is \u00a390,000", + "question": "Do we have to register for VAT ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must register for VAT if your charity\u2019s VAT taxable turnover (the total value of everything you sell that isn\u2019t exempt from VAT) is more than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    As a charity, you must register for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.

    " + ], + "id": "train-326" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-discipline-exclusions", + "scenario": "My 15 year old daughter has been excluded from her school in England due to a bullying incident. She maintains she was innocent and she is actually a good student. She is worried about missing so many days of school and wants to go to the town's library to do some research for a project they were set before her exclusion.", + "question": "Is she allowed to go to the library during her exclusion?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    For the first 5 school days of an exclusion, it\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child isn\u2019t in a public place during normal school hours unless there is a good reason.

    ", + "

    You might be prosecuted if your child is found in a public place when they\u2019re not supposed to be.

    " + ], + "id": "train-327" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-discipline-exclusions", + "scenario": "All secondary schools in our English county have recently installed metal detectors in a highly controversial move. My 14 year old son is heavily into civil liberties and objects to being required to walk through it.", + "question": "Can my son refuse to go through his school's metal detector?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Schools can make pupils go through a metal detector - they don\u2019t have to suspect that your child has a weapon. If your child refuses to go through the metal detector, they can be stopped from coming into school.

    " + ], + "id": "train-328" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bullying-at-school", + "scenario": "I live in southern England and am the parent of two children, the eldest of whom is a pupil at a private school. After he experienced a bullying incident we discovered that the school has no formal anti-bullying policy in place.", + "question": "Is it legal for them not to have such a policy?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    By law, all state (not private) schools must have a behaviour policy in place that includes measures to prevent all forms of bullying among pupils.

    ", + "

    This policy is decided by the school. All teachers, pupils and parents must be told what it is.

    " + ], + "id": "train-329" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bullying-at-school", + "scenario": "I am a parent of two young children and am also a governor at my younger child's state school. There have been some incidents of cyberbullying between pupils recently; however, as they didn't take place on school premises the headteacher claims that he lacks the power to intervene.", + "question": "The headteacher says they do not have powers to deal with bullying that occurs outside the school itself. Is it true?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    School staff will deal with bullying in different ways, depending on how serious the bullying is.

    ", + "

    They might deal with it in school, for example by disciplining bullies, or they might report it to the police or social services.

    ", + "

    Head teachers have the legal power to make sure pupils behave outside of school premises (state schools only).

    ", + "

    This includes bullying that happens anywhere off the school premises, for example on public transport or in a town centre.

    ", + "

    School staff can also choose to report bullying to the police or local council.

    " + ], + "id": "train-330" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/donating-to-charity", + "scenario": "I work for a company in the UK and paid just over \u00a38,000 in basic rate Income Tax this financial year via the PAYE System. I wish to make a charitable donation of \u00a35,000 to the Churches Conservation Trust, a registered charity.", + "question": "Can I use the Gift Aid system to allow the charity to claim back the Income Tax on my gift?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-331" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-copies-of-intellectual-property-documents", + "scenario": "I am doing a research on a Machine learning technology. I heard a patent already filed on the research I am doing. I want to use the patent details in my final project.", + "question": "Can I get a photocopy of the details?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are 2 types of copy \u2013 certified and uncertified.

    ", + "

    An uncertified copy is a photocopy or digital copy of the details on the register. You can use this for research or personal use.

    ", + "

    You can request uncertified copies of patent documents online.

    " + ], + "id": "train-332" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-copies-of-intellectual-property-documents", + "scenario": "I have filed a UK patent and planning to use a module of the work outside of UK i.e ) Malaysia. Also I have plans to register the module in Malaysia", + "question": "How much does it cost to get a copy of a patent ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a320", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    This is an official document, also called a Certificate of the Registrar.

    ", + "

    You need a certified copy to:

    ", + "
  • register a piece of intellectual property (IP) outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Certified copies cost \u00a320 each.

    " + ], + "id": "train-333" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-if-moving-country-or-travelling", + "scenario": "My Partner has job as a servant to the crown, which requires her to work abroad.", + "question": "Will my tax credits stop?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may continue to get tax credits if you\u2019re a Crown servant posted overseas or you live abroad with your child and get UK benefits or the State Pension.

    ", + "

    You may continue to get tax credits if your partner\u2019s a Crown servant posted outside the UK and you:

    ", + "
  • live in the UK while your partner works abroad
    • " + ], + "id": "train-334" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures", + "scenario": "I own a home and energy bills are always high. When I hired a engineer to assess why my energy bills are high. He mentioned the problem is because of insulation. I can't afford to replace the insulation", + "question": "Can I get a loan to replace the insulation ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can only get a finance plan for improvements recommended in your Green Deal assessment.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to get a loan through the Green Deal, but you\u2019ll have to pay this back.

    ", + "

    You can pay in advance, get a Green Deal finance plan, or use other schemes to fund the work. You can also combine ways to pay.

    ", + "

    Finance plans are offered by approved Green Deal providers.

    ", + "

    You can get finance for an amount based on what you\u2019ll be expected to save on your energy bills.

    ", + "

    You can only get a finance plan for improvements recommended in your Green Deal assessment.

    " + ], + "id": "train-335" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures", + "scenario": "I own a home and the home is almost 100 years old. My energy boilers are installed 10 years back. I heard that I could get some help from Green Deal energy savings", + "question": "How can I get some assessment and help me decide if I could benefit from Green Deal improvements ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "talk to a green deal assessor or provider", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are various ways to check if your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements:

    ", + "
  • talk to a Green Deal assessor or provider
    • ", + "

    A Green Deal assessor will visit your home, talk to you about your property and your energy use and help you decide if you could benefit from Green Deal improvements.

    " + ], + "id": "train-336" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-taxes-and-reliefs", + "scenario": "My company is in the commercial sector and we have recently switched all company vehicles to electric. Most of our factory and manufacturing work also utilizes electricity to power up production.", + "question": "Do we pay for the Climate Change Levy under the main rates in our circumstances?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-337" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-taxes-and-reliefs", + "scenario": "My business does construction work on multiple sites across the UK. We often utilize landfill to throw away rocks, cement and other similar materials.", + "question": "Do we have to pay the Standard rate under the Landfill Tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay tax on top of your normal landfill fees if your business gets rid of waste using landfill sites.

    ", + "

    The tax is charged by weight. There are 2 rates. You pay the lower rate on \u2018inactive waste\u2019 - for example rocks or soil.

    " + ], + "id": "train-338" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/donating-to-charity", + "scenario": "I am on full time role and planning to donate some of my money from my salary to the charity. I am a basic tax rate taxpayer and I heard my employer runs a Payroll Giving scheme", + "question": "How much will I pay per \u00a31 donated?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "80p", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The tax relief you get depends on the rate of tax you pay. To donate \u00a31, you pay:

    ", + "
  • 80p if you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer
    • " + ], + "id": "train-339" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/donating-to-charity", + "scenario": "I own a property and was approached by my local religious community registered as a charity to use my property for religious gathering. Now I am thinking to donate the property to charity", + "question": "Do I have to pay tax on the property I donate to charity ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not have to pay tax on land, property or shares you donate to charity. This includes selling them for less than their market value.

    ", + "

    You get tax relief on both:

    ", + "
  • Income Tax
    • ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax
    • ", + "

    You can pay less Income Tax by deducting the value of your donation from your total taxable income. Do this for the tax year (6 April to 5 April) in which you made the gift or sale to charity.

    " + ], + "id": "train-340" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-charities", + "scenario": "I am the chief executive of a registered charity which provides residential care for the elderly and infirm. After a very cold winter it appears that the electricity consumption for our largest home exceeded 1,000 KWh in some months.", + "question": "What rate of VAT should be applied to the home's electricity bill in the months when usage exceeded this threshold?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "5%", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Charities pay VAT on all standard-rated goods and services they buy from VAT-registered businesses. They pay VAT at a reduced rate (5%) or the \u2018zero rate\u2019 on some goods and services.

    ", + "

    Your charity pays 5% VAT on fuel and power if they\u2019re for:

    ", + "
  • residential accommodation (for example, a children\u2019s home or care home for the elderly)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-341" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-charities", + "scenario": "I help to run a registered charity providing free (or heavily subsidised) veterinary treatment to dogs and cats. One of our most common treatments is the implantation of microchips, which we import from a supplier outside the UK. We are VAT registered.", + "question": "What (if any) rate of VAT should be payable on these microchips?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "zero rate", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As a charity you do not pay VAT when you buy some goods and services.

    ", + "

    Charities pay VAT on all standard-rated goods and services they buy from VAT-registered businesses. They pay VAT at a reduced rate (5%) or the \u2018zero rate\u2019 on some goods and services.

    ", + "

    What qualifies for the zero rate

    ", + "

    Find out about the conditions you must meet so that your charity pays no VAT (the zero rate) when you buy:

    ", + "
  • medical, veterinary and scientific equipment
    • ", + "

    Charities do not pay VAT on goods imported from outside the UK as long as they\u2019re benefiting people in need by providing:

    ", + "
  • basic necessities
    • ", + "
  • equipment and office materials to help run your organisation for the benefit of people in need
    • " + ], + "id": "train-342" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-for-farm-vehicles", + "scenario": "Due to the current pandemic my local vehicle service garage is closed, therefore it is very difficult for me to service my vehicles at regular times.", + "question": "Can the required service times on my farm vehicles be extended?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must make sure that all farming vehicles and equipment are:

    ", + "

    You must make sure that all your equipment is properly maintained and in good working order. You\u2019ll need to perform regular maintenance checks on all of your vehicles and machinery.

    " + ], + "id": "train-343" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-for-farm-vehicles", + "scenario": "I recently acquired a second hand JCB tractor from a friend. It is about 3 years old and my friend said he never had any issues with it.", + "question": "What safety checks have to be carried out on a second hand farm vehicle?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "make sure that it complies with the provision and use of work equipment regulations 1998", + [] + ], + [ + "replace or repair any missing or damaged safety guards before use", + [] + ], + [ + "get the operator\u2019s manual or suitable instructions for use", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Before using second hand machinery, you should:

    ", + "
  • make sure that it complies with the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998
    • ", + "
  • get the operator\u2019s manual or suitable instructions for use
    • ", + "
  • replace or repair any missing or damaged safety guards before use
    • " + ], + "id": "train-344" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/emergency-and-lifesaving-equipment-on-ships", + "scenario": "I run a small business renting out boats by the hour. We have a good turnover and consider ourselves responsible and we provide life jackets to all of our customers as well as accident insurance.", + "question": "Where can I find out if there is anything else we should be providing to ensure the safety of our customers?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the regulations for pleasure craft", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Some pleasure craft don\u2019t have to carry certain life-saving equipment. Download the regulations for pleasure craft.

    " + ], + "id": "train-345" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/emergency-and-lifesaving-equipment-on-ships", + "scenario": "My partner and I are going on a cruise this summer. I have never been on a large ship before and am a little nervous about the prospect of an accident at sea. I do not know what the likelihood of such a thing occurring is.", + "question": "What steps will the cruiseliner have taken to ensure the safety of their passengers?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "carry certain emergency and life-saving equipment", + [] + ], + [ + "different requirements", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All ships must carry certain emergency and life-saving equipment. This equipment must meet minimum standards and must be properly tested and serviced.

    ", + "

    There are different requirements depending on the size and type of ship and where it operates.

    ", + "

    There are different requirements for different types of passenger ships.

    " + ], + "id": "train-346" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "scenario": "My father just passed away and he left me a farm that previously grew vegetables. I would like to turn it into a vinery.", + "question": "Do I need planning permission?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Farms are covered by the same planning regulations as other types of property. Some planning rules include special conditions for agricultural buildings and land.

    ", + "

    You need planning permission if:

    ", + "
  • you want to change how you use your land or buildings from farming to something else
    • ", + "
  • you want to build a house on the land
    • " + ], + "id": "train-347" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "scenario": "The farm he lived on was built quite a long time ago. Now that I am married and have children, I need to do an expansion in the main building.", + "question": "Do I need to apply for a construction permit even if I am not going to change my activity?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need planning permission if:

    ", + "
  • you want to change how you use your land or buildings from farming to something else
    • ", + "
  • you want to build a house on the land
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t need planning permission:

    ", + "
  • to change the inside of a building, or make small alterations to the outside - eg installing an alarm box
    • ", + "
  • if there are permitted development rights
    • ", + "

    Permitted development means that if your farm is 5 hectares or more, you have the right to:

    ", + "
  • erect, extend or alter a building
    • ", + "

    Check with your local planning authority (or local area planning office in Northern Ireland) before making use of permitted development rights to make sure your development won\u2019t need planning permission.

    " + ], + "id": "train-348" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/patent-your-invention", + "scenario": "We are a Information technology company recently invented a cyber security product. This is a new invention and does not exist anywhere.", + "question": "Can we patent this invention ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To be granted a patent, your invention must be all of the following:

    ", + "
  • something that can be made or used
    • ", + "
  • new
    • ", + "
  • inventive - not just a simple modification to something that already exists
    • ", + "

    You cannot patent certain types of invention, including:

    ", + "
  • some computer programs or mobile apps
    • " + ], + "id": "train-349" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/patent-your-invention", + "scenario": "We are a electronic products development company. We recently invented a new cutting edge audio device. We have rolled out the product for some of our loyal customers", + "question": "Does our audio device eligible to be patented ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To be granted a patent, your invention must be all of the following:

    ", + "
  • something that can be made or used
    • ", + "
  • new
    • ", + "
  • inventive - not just a simple modification to something that already exists
    • ", + "

    Do not talk to other people without a non-disclosure agreement, or you may not be able to patent your invention. You can get help with this from a patent attorney or solicitor.

    ", + "

    Do not make your invention public before you apply. You may not be able to patent it if you do.

    " + ], + "id": "train-350" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-register-a-trade-mark", + "scenario": "I own a business selling printed clothing. I have a brand logo and name that are printed on all our items, and I want to register it as a trade mark.", + "question": "How long will it take until I get feedback on my application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 12 weeks (60 working days)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll get feedback on your application (called an \u2018examination report\u2019) within 12 weeks (60 working days).

    ", + "
  • You\u2019ll get feedback on your application (an \u2018examination report\u2019) in up to 12 weeks (60 working days) - you have 2 months to resolve any problems.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-351" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-register-a-trade-mark", + "scenario": "I own a business cutting whiskey glasses. Each glass comes with our trademarked logo on the bottom. I registered my brand's trade mark logo last year.", + "question": "How long will my trade mark last?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "10 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The registration process takes about 4 months if no-one objects. Registered trade marks last 10 years.

    ", + "

    Your trade mark will last 10 years - you can renew it after that time.

    " + ], + "id": "train-352" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-curriculum", + "scenario": "I am a parent of two school-age children, the eldest of which is about to begin Key Stage 3. I am devoutly religious and have moral objections to aspects of the religious and the sexual education modules taught therein.", + "question": "Can I withdraw my child from lessons I find morally offensive?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Some parts of sex and relationship education are compulsory - these are part of the national curriculum for science. Parents can withdraw their children from all other parts of sex and relationship education if they want.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Schools must provide religious education (RE) and sex education from key stage 3 but parents can ask for their children to be taken out of the whole lesson or part of it.

    ", + "

    Children must also study:

    ", + "
  • sex and relationships education (year 7 onwards)
    • ", + "

    Sex and relationship education (SRE) is compulsory from age 11 onwards. It involves teaching children about reproduction, sexuality and sexual health. It does not promote early sexual activity or any particular sexual orientation.

    ", + "

    Some parts of sex and relationship education are compulsory - these are part of the national curriculum for science. Parents can withdraw their children from all other parts of sex and relationship education if they want.

    " + ], + "id": "train-353" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-curriculum", + "scenario": "I am the headteacher and a governor of an Academy, which has just been converted from an old-style Comprehensive under local council control. I am currently devising a considerably revised Lesson Plan.", + "question": "Can we set our own syllabus for Religious Education?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Other types of school like academies and private schools do not have to follow the national curriculum. Academies must teach a broad and balanced curriculum including English, maths and science. They must also teach religious education.

    ", + "

    Schools have to teach RE but parents can withdraw their children for all or part of the lessons. Pupils can choose to withdraw themselves once they\u2019re 18.

    ", + "

    Local councils are responsible for deciding the RE syllabus, but faith schools and academies can set their own.

    " + ], + "id": "train-354" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fishing-vessel-licence-under-10-metres", + "scenario": "My Father owns a Fishing vessels and would like to do commercial sea fishing.His vessel is registered but does not have a commercial fishing licence.", + "question": "How long is a licence valid for?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "2 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence if you want to catch and sell sea fish, unless you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    A licence is valid for 2 years, starting on 1 July and ending 2 years later on 30 June.

    " + ], + "id": "train-355" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fishing-vessel-licence-under-10-metres", + "scenario": "My boss has a fishing vessel. He does it as a hobby. During his summer holidays he likes to take his friends for a sea Fishing and have fun.", + "question": "Does he need a fishing licence for his vessel?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence if you want to catch and sell sea fish, unless you\u2019re exempt.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a licence for your vessel if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you only use your vessel to fish for pleasure
    • " + ], + "id": "train-356" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "scenario": "My father owns a fishing vessel and always likes undertakes commercial deep sea fishing trips.My mother has been very worried due rising water tides in the British Channel and of a possible sea accidents.", + "question": "Are fishing vessels covered under maritime labour convention?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) came into force for the UK on 7 August 2014. It sets out the minimum working and living rights for seafarers.

    ", + "

    The MLC does not cover seafarers serving on the following boats:

    ", + "
  • fishing vessels
    • " + ], + "id": "train-357" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "scenario": "My elder brother works as a seafairer in a UK Oil tanker operating in Strait of Hormuz. I have missed him so much and i would like to invite him for my December wedding.I am sure he will be very happy to attend.", + "question": "Are seafearers entittled for a holiday leave ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All seafarers on seagoing ships are entitled to:

    ", + "
  • at least 4 weeks\u2019 paid annual leave
    • ", + "

    Under the MLC, seafarers have minimum working rights covering:

    ", + "
  • entitlement to leave
    • ", + "

    Under the MLC, seafarers are entitled to paid leave calculated at 2.5 days per calendar month of employment.

    " + ], + "id": "train-358" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/defend-your-intellectual-property", + "scenario": "My family owns a registered food chain business which uses a trademark name \u201c The leckers \u201c i have just discovered that someone is using the same name to take advantage and divert our customers.", + "question": "Can i get help to defend our intellectual property?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get the other party to stop using your ip or come to an agreement with them", + [] + ], + [ + "use mediation or another type of dispute resolution", + [] + ], + [ + "take legal action if you can\u2019t resolve the dispute by other means", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Examples of IP infringement include when someone:

    ", + "
  • uses a trade mark that\u2019s identical or similar to one you\u2019ve registered
    • ", + "

    You can take the following steps.

    ", + "
  • Get the other party to stop using your IP or come to an agreement with them, for example license your IP.
    • ", + "
  • Use mediation or another type of dispute resolution.
    • ", + "
  • Take legal action if you can\u2019t resolve the dispute by other means.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-359" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/defend-your-intellectual-property", + "scenario": "My Brother is a Music artist and just discovered that a certain local radio station is using his Music without his awareness.After contacting them they said that are open for a discussion out of court.", + "question": "Can he use a mediator?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can use a mediator if you can\u2019t come to an agreement over an intellectual property (IP) dispute.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Examples of IP infringement include when someone:

    ", + "
  • uses all or some of your work under copyright without your permission
    • ", + "

    You can take the following steps.

    ", + "
  • Use mediation or another type of dispute resolution.
    • ", + "

    Read the guidance on how to license, sell, mortgage and market your:

    ", + "
  • copyright
    • ", + "

    You can use a mediator if you can\u2019t come to an agreement over an intellectual property (IP) dispute.

    ", + "

    Mediation can be used in most IP disputes. This includes disputes about:

    " + ], + "id": "train-360" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-classify-different-types-of-waste", + "scenario": "I am a manager of a Pharmaceutical company and we have accumulated a lot of waste medicines. I would like to sort it out for a proper waste disposal.", + "question": "What guidance i can use to know hazardous and non harzadous medicinal waste?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the guide to the safe management of healthcare waste", + [] + ], + [ + "the technical guidance on waste", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Check the technical guidance on waste, it includes more information about waste classification and assessing waste.

    ", + "

    In most cases you can check the waste code or codes associated with your waste to see if they are hazardous and POPs waste. You must make sure your waste contractor can dispose of this waste properly.

    ", + "

    You can find additional codes for other waste and advice on how to apply these codes in the technical guidance on waste.

    ", + "

    Check the guide to the safe management of healthcare waste for additional information about classifying clinical and healthcare waste.

    " + ], + "id": "train-361" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-classify-different-types-of-waste", + "scenario": "I would like to dispose old rusty white goods wastes which have been accumulating in my backyard for year. I would like to register their codes.", + "question": "What is the waste classification code for a household tumble dryer?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "20-01-36", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Large domestic appliances (LDA): white goods (washing machines, tumble driers, dishwashers and cookers)

    ", + "Large domestic appliances: white goods | Non-hazardous, non-POPs | 20-01-36 | 16-02-14" + ], + "id": "train-362" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-curriculum", + "scenario": "My daughter is now 11 years in school year 6.Lately,she has been asking me alot of questions about her current body changes and getting overly worried. I have tried to take her through sexual body change and some adolescent lessons but i dont think its enough.", + "question": "Which year in school do they start teaching about reproduction and sexual health?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "year 7", + [] + ], + [ + "age 11", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The \u2018basic\u2019 school curriculum includes the \u2018national curriculum\u2019, as well as religious education and sex education.

    ", + "

    Children must also study:

    ", + "
  • sex and relationships education (year 7 onwards)
    • ", + "

    Sex and relationship education (SRE) is compulsory from age 11 onwards. It involves teaching children about reproduction, sexuality and sexual health. It does not promote early sexual activity or any particular sexual orientation.

    " + ], + "id": "train-363" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-curriculum", + "scenario": "My son is 5 years old and is very much interested in playing piano and singing. He has created alot of interest in music and would wish him learn and perform in global ochestra bands in future. To boost him i have invested on a homebased piano. I would like to know the correct age to start home training in line with school..", + "question": "Which school key stage do they start learning Music?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "key stage 1", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Compulsory national curriculum subjects at primary school are:

    ", + "
  • music
    • ", + "

    Key stage 1

    " + ], + "id": "train-364" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maritime-safety-weather-and-navigation", + "scenario": "I own a commercial shipping company with 400 gross tonnage which operates from Europe to canada via the North Atlantic route . I am very worried because 3 employees have contracted covid and i want to send a message .", + "question": "Can i call the the MSI office for a distress call?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    HM Coastguard regularly broadcasts Maritime Safety Information (MSI) by radio. MSI includes:

    ", + "

    The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) is a maritime communications system used for:

    ", + "
  • emergency and distress messages
    • " + ], + "id": "train-365" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maritime-safety-weather-and-navigation", + "scenario": "I would like to ship my cargo to canada thruough north Atlantic sea. I am afraid of the stormy seas. I want my cargo to be safe.", + "question": "How far in advance can I find out the weather at sea in the north Atlantic route ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 5 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get an extended outlook with information up to 5 days in advance on the 518 NAVTEX service.

    " + ], + "id": "train-366" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "scenario": "My father is a land owner and wants to develop his vast land and build a permanent family house. He has accumulated all the materials necessary to build.", + "question": "Does he need planning permission to build?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Farms are covered by the same planning regulations as other types of property. Some planning rules include special conditions for agricultural buildings and land.

    ", + "

    You need planning permission if:

    ", + "
  • you want to build a house on the land
    • " + ], + "id": "train-367" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "scenario": "Our parents in law will be visiting us in Uk during summer time from canada and our house is small. My partner and i have come up with an idea of putting a caravan in our garden to accomodate them.", + "question": "Is this a permitted development?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Permitted development means that if your farm is 5 hectares or more, you have the right to:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You don\u2019t need planning permission:

    ", + "
  • if there are permitted development rights
    • ", + "

    Permitted development means that if your farm is 5 hectares or more, you have the right to:

    ", + "
  • erect, extend or alter a building
    • ", + "

    The types of permitted development include:

    ", + "
  • caravan sites and related buildings in some circumstances
    • " + ], + "id": "train-368" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "scenario": "Both of my parents arrived and settled in UK in 1970 from Kenya. I have been born here and have lived here for 30 years continuously. I would like to apply for British Citizenship .", + "question": "Will i be eligible for the windrush settlement scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re settled in the UK but do not have a document to prove it, you may be eligible to apply to the \u2018Windrush Scheme\u2019.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • your parents came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973
    • ", + "

    You can apply for British citizenship or a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain.

    ", + "

    To apply, one of your parents must be a Commonwealth citizen and either:

    ", + "
  • was settled in the UK before 1 January 1973
    • ", + "

    One of the following must also be true:

    ", + "
  • you were born in the UK
    • ", + "

    You must have lived continuously in the UK since arriving (or being born) here.

    " + ], + "id": "train-369" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "scenario": "My Uncle John arrived UK in 1970 at the age of 20 from Jamaica. He Settled ,worked and raised his family in UK.At the Age of 75 he was told that he is living illegally and his driving licence and passport were confisticated.The following year they send him a deportation letter .He underwent depression ,Loss of support . The home office pursuit to deport him gave him a heart attack and later died the following year.", + "question": "Can my uncle and his family be eligible for windrush scheme compensations when dead?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-370" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/schools-admissions", + "scenario": "My uncle has a 14 year old step son who moved to England from India last month.He has been looking for a special grammar school for him to join.", + "question": "Will he be required to do and pass an entrance exam in order for him to qualify?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • who pass an entrance exam (for selective schools, for example grammar schools)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you live in England contact your local council to find:

    ", + "
  • admission criteria for the schools you\u2019re interested in
    • ", + "

    All schools have admission criteria to decide which children get places. The school or local council usually set these.

    ", + "

    Admission criteria are different for each school. They may give priority to children:

    ", + "
  • who pass an entrance exam (for selective schools, for example grammar schools)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-371" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/schools-admissions", + "scenario": "My twin daughters celebrated their fifth birthday in April this year and they have now reached a compulsory school age. I would like to apply for a year 1 place.", + "question": "Which month this year must they start their full time education ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "september", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Most children start school full-time in the September after their fourth birthday. This means they\u2019ll turn 5 during their first school year.

    ", + "

    They can start:

    ", + "
  • in the next school year, in the September after they turn 5
    • ", + "

    Your child must start full-time education once they reach compulsory school age. This is on 31 December, 31 March or 31 August following their fifth birthday - whichever comes first. If your child\u2019s fifth birthday is on one of those dates then they reach compulsory school age on that date.

    " + ], + "id": "train-372" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus-volunteering", + "scenario": "I am a volunteer to a 70 years old woman in my neigbourhood. She is of muslim faith and she is very concerned with the Astrazeneca vaccine because a little bird whispered to her that it contains some alcohol. She has made a conclusion that she will not get the vaccine. She really nead support due to her old age and can\u2019t be left alone. She also needs good vaccine awareness to reduce vaccine hesitancy.", + "question": "Where can i get a guide showing the vaccine contents to read to her and that doesnt affect her heath / faith?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "contact the nhs or check nhs covid-19 advice online", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can help others by doing activities like picking up shopping and offering support on the phone. This includes:

    ", + "
  • family, friends and neighbours who are at high risk from COVID-19 or who prefer not to go out
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re worried about someone\u2019s health, contact the NHS or check NHS COVID-19 advice online.

    " + ], + "id": "train-373" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus-volunteering", + "scenario": "I am 20 years and would like to do a voluntary work in a live in charity in London. It hosts several vulnerable and destitute women.", + "question": "Do I have to be vaccinated before I can start the work?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Follow guidance on volunteering with other people if you have to volunteer outside your home. Do not leave home if:

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re volunteering in a workplace, it should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.

    ", + "

    You can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group, for example a charity, the NHS or a local volunteer-run group.

    ", + "

    If you volunteer in an essential role and have COVID-19 symptoms, you\u2019ll be prioritised for a test.

    ", + "

    You can get vaccinated if you\u2019re a volunteer in an eligible group. This includes volunteers in frontline health and social care roles.

    ", + "

    If you qualify for a vaccine because of your age or a clinical condition, you\u2019ll be vaccinated at the same time as other people in your area.

    " + ], + "id": "train-374" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/volunteering", + "scenario": "My sister is a widow and on benefits. She got a volunteer job offer. She will be reimbursed out of pocket expenses for travels and meals.", + "question": "Will this affect her benefits?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you continue to meet the conditions of the benefit you get
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can volunteer and claim benefits if:

    ", + "
  • the only money you get from volunteering is to cover expenses, like travel costs
    • ", + "
  • you continue to meet the conditions of the benefit you get
    • " + ], + "id": "train-375" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/volunteering", + "scenario": "My Friend Rita has just turned 18 years old.She is looking for volunteer opportunities in Marketing which can lead a to a part time Job opportunity.", + "question": "Where can she get help from?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "do-it website", + [] + ], + [ + "reach volunteering website", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can find volunteering opportunities on the:

    ", + "
  • Do-it website
    • ", + "
  • Reach Volunteering website for volunteers with specific skills - like accountancy, marketing, law, management, mentoring or IT
    • " + ], + "id": "train-376" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-tax-credits", + "scenario": "I am currently 20 weeks pregnant and i have been working more than 25 hours per week. My doctor has made recommendations that i should take a maternity leave and have some bed rest, This will automatically affect my wages.", + "question": "Can i still apply for a working tax credit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tax credits have been replaced by Universal Credit.

    ", + "

    You can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit or Working Tax Credit if you already get tax credits. You\u2019ll need to update your existing tax credit claim by\u00a0reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.

    " + ], + "id": "train-377" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-tax-credits", + "scenario": "My Aunt got a arm injury last month.She was a full time employee working more than 16 hours per week.She could not make timely claims of her benefits because of her bandaged arm. My sister offered to assist her make claims.", + "question": "Can she backdate the claims from the time she got the injury?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 31 days", + [] + ], + [ + "more than 31 days", + [ + "
  • apply within a month of getting refugee status
    • ", + "
  • apply within 31 days of qualifying for certain sickness or disability benefits, such as Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Usually, tax credits are backdated by up to 31 days from the start of your claim.

    ", + "

    When you make a claim, your tax credits are usually backdated automatically by up to 31 days. You do not have to do anything.

    ", + "

    Tax credit claims can sometimes be backdated by more than 31 days if you:

    ", + "
  • apply within a month of getting refugee status
    • ", + "
  • apply within 31 days of qualifying for certain sickness or disability benefits, such as Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment
    • " + ], + "id": "train-378" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/running-community-amateur-sports-club", + "scenario": "My friend Martin and i are sport fanatics and we have decided to set up a community amateur sports club. We need to come up with a binding document to set up the purpose and structure of the club.", + "question": "Where can I get help regarding writing that club governing document?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "hmrc\u2019s charities helpline", + [] + ], + [ + "cascinfo.co.uk", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get help and advice on CASCs and charities from HMRC\u2019s charities helpline.

    ", + "

    Advice and support is also available from cascinfo.co.uk.

    " + ], + "id": "train-379" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/running-community-amateur-sports-club", + "scenario": "My local golf team members opened a golf club since 2016. We have been getting income from our membership subscription fees and members pub etc.Our trading income is \u00a320,000 a year .", + "question": "Can we get excempted from paying taxes?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You don\u2019t pay tax on some income as long as you:

    ", + "
  • are registered as a CASC with HMRC
    • ", + "
  • use it to promote participation in and provide facilities for eligible sports
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • your club uses money for other (non-qualifying) purposes
    • ", + "
  • your trading or property rental income is more than the threshold for relief
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You don\u2019t pay tax on some income as long as you:

    ", + "
  • are registered as a CASC with HMRC
    • ", + "
  • use it to promote participation in and provide facilities for eligible sports
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay tax if:

    ", + "
  • your club uses money for other (non-qualifying) purposes
    • ", + "
  • your trading or property rental income is more than the threshold for relief
    • " + ], + "id": "train-380" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dispose-hazardous-waste", + "scenario": "I run a transport business as a waste carrier. I took some hazardous waste to the disposal site and it was rejected citing incomplete consignment note. I am very frustrated as the traffic is very high.", + "question": "What should I do?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "follow the guidance on rejected loads", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must follow the guidance on rejected loads if your hazardous waste is rejected by the destination site you sent it to.

    ", + "

    You must follow the guidance on rejected loads if a consignee rejects the hazardous waste you\u2019re transporting.

    " + ], + "id": "train-381" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dispose-hazardous-waste", + "scenario": "My Sister works in a nearby pharmacy. Her employer has tasked her with sorting all expired drugs for a safe disposal.", + "question": "Where can she go for advice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the environment agency", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact the Environment Agency if you have any questions about hazardous waste.

    " + ], + "id": "train-382" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-discipline-exclusions", + "scenario": "My nephew is in Year 7 and has been permanently excluded from his school after several warning of indiscipline. I don\u2019t want him to drop out of school completely because he is still young.", + "question": "Can i seek help from the local council?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If the governors don\u2019t overturn the exclusion, you can ask for an independent review by your local council (or academy trust if the school\u2019s an academy). The governors must tell you how to do this.

    ", + "

    If alternative education isn\u2019t arranged within 5 days, or you\u2019re not happy with the education, you can complain to:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The school or local council must tell you about any alternative education they arrange. It\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child attends.

    ", + "

    If alternative education isn\u2019t arranged within 5 days, or you\u2019re not happy with the education, you can complain to:

    ", + "
  • the local council, for permanent exclusions
    • ", + "

    If the governors don\u2019t overturn the exclusion, you can ask for an independent review by your local council (or academy trust if the school\u2019s an academy). The governors must tell you how to do this.

    " + ], + "id": "train-383" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-discipline-exclusions", + "scenario": "My neighbour\u2019s son came home from school with a swollen face and a strained arm. He disclosed that he has been bullied in school by his classmate. No action was taken by the headteacher after reporting.", + "question": "Can school not have a bullying policy?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Every school has a behaviour policy, which lists the rules of conduct for pupils before and after school as well as during the school day.

    ", + "

    The policy should also say what the school does to prevent bullying.

    " + ], + "id": "train-384" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/patent-your-invention", + "scenario": "One of our staff has invented a very unique energy saving product during his work in our company which is eco friendly.Our employer is very excited and would like to patent it.", + "question": "Can he get a fast grant?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To be granted a patent, your invention must be all of the following:

    ", + "
  • something that can be made or used
    • ", + "
  • new
    • ", + "
  • inventive - not just a simple modification to something that already exists
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to get a \u2018fast grant\u2019 if, for example:

    ", + "
  • your invention has some sort of environmental benefit (green channel)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-385" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/patent-your-invention", + "scenario": "I would like to go into business investiment with my potential investor. I would like to discuss details of my invention but i am not well farmiliar with the law surrounding patency.", + "question": "What legal help can i seek?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "speaking to a patent attorney or other professional advisor", + [] + ], + [ + "attending an intellectual property (ip) clinic", + [] + ], + [ + "going to the british library business and ip centre in london", + [] + ], + [ + "find a patent attorney or advisor", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get a professional to help you decide whether a patent is right for your business.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get free advice by:

    ", + "
  • speaking to a patent attorney or other professional advisor - many offer basic advice for free
    • ", + "
  • attending an intellectual property (IP) clinic
    • ", + "
  • going to the British Library Business and IP Centre in London
    • ", + "

    When you\u2019ve checked that a patent is right for your business, you should find a patent attorney or advisor. They will:

    " + ], + "id": "train-386" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-for-farm-vehicles", + "scenario": "y neighbour bought a farm tractor last year and it had a CE Marking affixed which he told me that it denotes that the machine meets the required safety standards.", + "question": "I found a very similar tractor that is much cheaper to buy but it doesn't have a CE marking. Can I still use it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Most new machines, vehicles or pieces of farming equipment you buy must be \u2018CE\u2019 marked. This mark means that it has been built to meet minimum legal safety requirements.

    ", + "

    Most new machines or pieces of equipment should also have:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018declaration of conformity\u2019 to show that it meets EU standards
    • " + ], + "id": "train-387" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-for-farm-vehicles", + "scenario": "My mother owns a combine harvester machine and uses it to harvest her farm produce. It works very early in the morning or in the evening. My neighbours have been complaining of noise nuisance.", + "question": "Are there any regulations on noise levels at work?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    High levels of noise can damage hearing. By law, you must assess the level of noise in areas where people work for you. You must take action where noise exceeds certain levels.

    ", + "

    Read information from the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) on noise levels at work.

    " + ], + "id": "train-388" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/agricultural-workers-rights", + "scenario": "My husband has got a full time job promotion as a farm supervisor grade 5 in one of the leading agricultural companies in Wales. He is very excited and would like to know his take home salary.", + "question": "What is the minimum wage he will he get per week?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3339.30", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Agricultural workers in Wales must be paid at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage, or the National Minimum Wage if that\u2019s higher. The Agricultural Minimum Wage depends on the worker\u2019s job grade and category.

    ", + "Grade 5 | \u00a3339.30 | \u00a38.70 | \u00a313.05" + ], + "id": "train-389" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/agricultural-workers-rights", + "scenario": "My brother is employed full time in a farm in Wales and operates a combine harvester but got an accident which left him with a broken leg. He has been told to have a bed rest by the doctor. Has now been off duty for 6 days .", + "question": "Can he claim sick pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Agricultural workers in Wales, and those employed in England before 1 October 2013, are normally entitled to:

    ", + "
  • Agricultural Sick Pay
    • ", + "

    Agricultural workers are entitled to sick pay, meaning they\u2019ll get at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage when they\u2019re off.

    " + ], + "id": "train-390" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "scenario": "My fellow business partner is relocating abroad and wishes to sell his business trademark rights to me . I would like to buy and own it fully so that i can continue using it and avoid loss of business.", + "question": "How much does it cost to make a record change application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a350", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Each application costs \u00a350.

    " + ], + "id": "train-391" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "scenario": "I own a shoe manufacturing company and my business friend owns a patent of a running shoes design.I would like to buy and own the patent to expand my business .", + "question": "Do i need a solicitor to make this agreement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact the owner of the patent to see if they\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • sell it to you
    • ", + "

    A solicitor can help you draw up this document.

    " + ], + "id": "train-392" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-vote", + "scenario": "I have just turned 18 years and this is my first time to vote. I applied for a postal vote and spoiled the ballot paper.", + "question": "Will i be able to get another chance to vote in person at the polling station?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot vote at a polling station if you registered to vote by post but your ballot paper was lost or damaged.

    " + ], + "id": "train-393" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-vote", + "scenario": "My mother has gone for a 3 months holiday abroad and would like to vote in the coming general elections next month. She has requested me to vote on her behalf.", + "question": "When can she apply for a proxy vote?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 6 working days before election day", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re unable to vote in person you can ask someone to vote on your behalf. This is called a proxy vote.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for a proxy vote under certain circumstances, including:

    ", + "
  • being away on polling day
    • ", + "

    Usually, you need to apply for a proxy vote at least 6 working days before election day if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales.

    " + ], + "id": "train-394" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-election-result", + "scenario": "Yesterday we had our North East somerset MP Elections and i was one of the candidates. I and my team witnessed alot election fraud,destruction of ballot papers,vote buying,ballot stuffing and misrecording of votes etc I have a tangible evidence and i would like to file an election petition. .", + "question": "Can i challenge the election results within the coming 10days?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to challenge the result of an election if you think it was not run properly, for example the votes were not counted correctly or a candidate broke the law.

    ", + "

    You can challenge a UK Parliament election if either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you were a candidate
    • ", + "

    You can challenge a local government election if either:

    ", + "

    You must usually apply within 21 days of when:

    ", + "
  • the result of the UK Parliament election was returned to the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery
    • ", + "
  • the local government election was held
    • " + ], + "id": "train-395" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-election-result", + "scenario": "My friend Ann was contesting in a local government elections as a councillor .She was not satisfied with the way the elections were run and filed an election petition due to rigging.", + "question": "How much security for cost will she pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a32,500", + [] + ], + [ + "pay more", + [ + "

    You might have to pay more if you lose the case or you decide to stop it.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    After you apply, the Election Petitions Office will tell you how much to pay for \u2018security for costs\u2019. The maximum is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a32,500 for a local government election
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the \u2018security for costs\u2019 back if you win the case.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay more if you lose the case or you decide to stop it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-396" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/upper-tribunal-immigration-asylum", + "scenario": "I arrived in UK illegaly via a small boat in kent. I ran away from my country Syria after facing persecution due to my political affliations. My asylum seeking on the first tribunal has been turned down. I can\u2019t go back to my country due to my situation. I will be killed. I want to appeal to the upper tribunal for a hearing .", + "question": "Can i get a free legal aid since i have no money?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get legal advice (including from a solicitor), or help from a regulated immigration adviser.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get legal aid.

    " + ], + "id": "train-397" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/upper-tribunal-immigration-asylum", + "scenario": "My Uncle sought asylum after arriving legally in UK in 2015.His first tier tribunal application was refused. He made an appeal to the upper tribunal but he is very demoralised due to how the long process has affected his health and welfare. He has decided to withdraw the appeal and go back voluntarily to his county in Kenya.", + "question": "Can he apply for the withdrawal of the appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Only you or your representative can withdraw your appeal. Contact the tribunal in writing if you want to withdraw your appeal - include your appeal number. The tribunal will decide whether to give you permission to withdraw, or if the hearing will go ahead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-398" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-register-a-trade-mark", + "scenario": "I have improvised a unique trademark logo to use on my new business venture. I would like to use it to brand my pub but i would like to know if there is another business using it before i register.", + "question": "Where can i search?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the trade marks database", + [] + ], + [ + "the eu trade marks register", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Before you apply, you must search the trade marks database to check if anyone has already registered an identical or similar trade mark for the same or similar goods or services.

    ", + "

    You must also check the EU trade marks register on the European Union Intellectual Property Office website for any EU applications that were \u2018pending\u2019 on 1 January 2021. These applications have priority over yours.

    " + ], + "id": "train-399" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-register-a-trade-mark", + "scenario": "I have compiled all the necessary documents to register my food and drinks trademark. I would like to check if my application meets the rules of registration.", + "question": "How much should I pay initially?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3100", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay \u00a3100 initially, plus \u00a350 for each additional class. You\u2019ll then get a report telling you if your application meets the rules.

    " + ], + "id": "train-400" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "scenario": "My late husband served in the Brtitish Army since 1990. He died 2004 after a bomb was thrown to his bunker during a war in iraq.", + "question": "Can i apply for a veterans badge?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension
    • ", + "
  • compensation under the Survivors Guaranteed Income Payment (SGIP)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get an armed forces veterans badge if you\u2019ve served in any of the UK armed forces - there\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you were in the:

    ", + "
  • army
    • ", + "

    You can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get either:

    ", + "
  • a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension
    • ", + "
  • compensation under the Survivors Guaranteed Income Payment (SGIP)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-401" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "scenario": "My Grandfather served in the British Army and would like to apply for a Veteran\u2019s badge.He lives alone and is disabled.", + "question": "Can he apply via email?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Post the form to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply for a veterans badge by email.

    " + ], + "id": "train-402" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/emergency-and-lifesaving-equipment-on-ships", + "scenario": "My family owns a small passenger boat which is fitted with life jackets and firefighting equipments for safety. Fortunately there have been no accidents or major incident.", + "question": "How often do we have to check our fire extinguishers?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "monthly", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All ships must carry certain emergency and life-saving equipment. This equipment must meet minimum standards and must be properly tested and serviced.

    ", + "

    Emergency and life-saving equipment include things like:

    ", + "
  • fire-fighting equipment
    • ", + "

    All fire protection systems and equipment should be regularly tested and maintained so that they\u2019re ready for immediate use when needed.

    ", + "

    You must carry out monthly fire equipment testing and inspection to make sure that:

    ", + "
  • all fireman\u2019s outfits, fire extinguishers, fire hydrants, hoses and nozzles are in place and in good condition
    • " + ], + "id": "train-403" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/emergency-and-lifesaving-equipment-on-ships", + "scenario": "My employer owns a large commercial yatch and would like to buy life saving appliances of high quality. He need help .", + "question": "Whom can he contact for guidance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the maritime and coastguard agency (mca)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All ships must carry certain emergency and life-saving equipment. This equipment must meet minimum standards and must be properly tested and serviced.

    ", + "

    You can contact the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) for further information on life-saving appliances.

    " + ], + "id": "train-404" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-veterinary-medicine-problem", + "scenario": "My dog had a bad reaction to a deworming tablet i gave . It has been vomitting and have a loose stool. I have unfortunately disposed the packet.", + "question": "Whom should i contact?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the veterinary medicines directorate (vmd)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can report an unexpected reaction to an animal medicine or microchip to the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). You can also report if an animal medicine has not worked.

    " + ], + "id": "train-405" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-veterinary-medicine-problem", + "scenario": "My veterinarian prescribed a drug to my pet last year to kill fleas. However, it doesn't seem to have worked.", + "question": "Can I report this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can report an unexpected reaction to an animal medicine or microchip to the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). You can also report if an animal medicine has not worked.

    ", + "

    You can report when a medicine may not have worked, or could have made your animal unwell.

    " + ], + "id": "train-406" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/managing-your-waste-an-overview", + "scenario": "I am moving to my newly built house but during my previous visit to the house I found lots of construction waste lying around. The contracted builder did not make a good waste disposal. I would like the construction wastes disposed correctly. I have searched online and got hold of a nearby waste carrier.", + "question": "Can I look up if the waste carrier is qualified to dispose of waste?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact the organisation in your region if you have any questions about business and commercial waste.

    " + ], + "id": "train-407" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/managing-your-waste-an-overview", + "scenario": "My Friend Marcus want to be a registered waste dealer. He is has a past experience as a dealer but in one occasion he was fined \u00a35000 for operating without proper registrations.", + "question": "Does he need to declare this charge which happened in the past before seeking registration?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-408" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hiring-crew", + "scenario": "After surviving a covid pandemic , i have secured my dream job as a Chef de Partie in a Cruise ship.Being very a very motivated professional with excellent food knowledge.", + "question": "Can I get exempt from a certificate of competency?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Crew members doing specialist jobs or working on particular types of craft may need special training.

    ", + "

    Some crew members need a certificate of competency (CoC) or certificate of equivalent competency (CEC) to carry out certain duties.

    ", + "

    Ships\u2019 cooks and security officers may also need a CoC.

    " + ], + "id": "train-409" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hiring-crew", + "scenario": "My sister is an assistant HR at a cruise shipping agency based in UK. They are currently doing mass recruitment drives of seafearers. She want to get a clear recruitment guideline inorder to select the most Qualified crew and sign agreement.", + "question": "She would like to know how long does the crew agreement last?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 12 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A crew agreement can last up to 12 months. After this period, a new agreement must be drawn up.

    " + ], + "id": "train-410" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-charities", + "scenario": "My church owns a small charity shop which is UK VAT registered. We donate clothes and shoes to less privileged children in Africa. Last month we shipped bales of clothes and shoes and incured alot of expenses", + "question": "Can our charity claim VAT out of these supplies costs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As a charity you do not pay VAT when you buy some goods and services.

    ", + "

    You must register for VAT if your charity\u2019s VAT taxable turnover (the total value of everything you sell that isn\u2019t exempt from VAT) is more than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    Charities pay VAT on all standard-rated goods and services they buy from VAT-registered businesses. They pay VAT at a reduced rate (5%) or the \u2018zero rate\u2019 on some goods and services.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered you may be able to reclaim VAT when you file your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    You can reclaim the VAT you were charged on goods and services relating to your taxable business activities.

    ", + "

    If you supply goods outside the UK free of charge (for example as aid), you can treat this as a zero-rate business activity (0% VAT) so you can reclaim the VAT on any associated costs.

    " + ], + "id": "train-411" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-charities", + "scenario": "My Aunt is a breast cancer survivor and has been running a charity shop to aid in breast awareness funds.Her turnovers the last 3 years has reached \u00a380000 per year but she has realised a turnover drop this year to \u00a370000 and she is not hopeful of a future increase.", + "question": "Does she need to apply for voluntary VAT registration?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must register for VAT if your charity\u2019s VAT taxable turnover (the total value of everything you sell that isn\u2019t exempt from VAT) is more than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example if you want to reclaim VAT on your supplies.

    ", + "

    As a charity, you must register for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on your supplies.

    " + ], + "id": "train-412" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures", + "scenario": "My grandfather is a homeowner and his heating system needed replacement.His finances were low during covid pandemic and applied for home improvement voucher to get it fixed.He was given a grant worthy \u00a35000", + "question": "Will he make the repayment all at once?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay back the loan through a charge added to your electricity bill. If you have a prepayment meter, a small amount will be taken from the meter each day.

    " + ], + "id": "train-413" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures", + "scenario": "My partner and i have decided to buy a property. Fortunately we have found a perfect house going at \u00a3520000.It has a green deal and the seller has informed has that it still has an outstanding amount to be paid . Before completing the property payment .", + "question": "Will the seller to clear the green deal outstanding bill for us?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you move into a property with a Green Deal, the landlord or seller must show you a copy of the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC). This will explain what improvements have been made and how much you\u2019ll need to repay.

    ", + "

    The person who pays the electricity bill pays the money back.

    " + ], + "id": "train-414" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/donating-to-charity", + "scenario": "My mother has been keeping records of their charity for the last 3 years . Recently they got a land donations from a local MP she is the custodian of the land transfer documents.", + "question": "For how long should she keep the documents?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 22 months from the end of the tax year they\u2019re for", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must keep records of the donation to show that you\u2019ve made the gift or sale and that the charity has accepted it.

    ", + "

    For donations of land, property or shares you need to keep:

    ", + "
  • legal documents showing the sale or transfer to charity
    • ", + "

    You normally have to keep your records for at least 22 months from the end of the tax year they\u2019re for.

    " + ], + "id": "train-415" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/donating-to-charity", + "scenario": "I have inherited two houses from my parents through a will.I am childless and no known relatives. I have decided to donate one house as a gift to a charity who have requested me to sell it on their behalf.", + "question": "Will i be able to claim tax relief of this donation if I lost records of the gift?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not have to pay tax on land, property or shares you donate to charity. This includes selling them for less than their market value.

    ", + "

    You can do this and still claim tax relief for the donation, but you must keep records of the gift and the charity\u2019s request. Without them, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax.

    " + ], + "id": "train-416" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-if-moving-country-or-travelling", + "scenario": "My Aunt is a widow and recieves widows benefits. Due to her work efficiency her UK employer has requested her to go and work in their other office in France for the next 2 years. She has a 2 children who are on childtax credit.", + "question": "Will her tax credits and childtax credits be affected if she moves to france?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may continue to get tax credits if you\u2019re a Crown servant posted overseas or you live abroad with your child and get UK benefits or the State Pension.

    ", + "

    If none of the sections above apply to you, you may continue to get Child Tax Credit (or add it to an existing Working Tax Credit claim) if you and your child live in a European Union (EU) member state and you get State Pension or one of the following benefits:

    ", + "
  • Widow\u2019s Benefit
    • " + ], + "id": "train-417" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-copies-of-intellectual-property-documents", + "scenario": "I lost my original copies of my trademark registration documents. I would like to make a request to get copies of the same.", + "question": "How much will it cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a320 each", + [ + "

    Certified copies cost \u00a320 each.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a35", + [ + "

    Uncertified copies usually cost \u00a35 - large documents may cost more.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page", + [ + "

    Uncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are 2 types of copy \u2013 certified and uncertified.

    ", + "

    Certified copies cost \u00a320 each.

    ", + "

    Uncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.

    ", + "

    Uncertified copies usually cost \u00a35 - large documents may cost more.

    " + ], + "id": "train-418" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-copies-of-intellectual-property-documents", + "scenario": "I inherited a registered trade mark logo from my grandfather business. I have used it for a long time and i have a goodwill on the logo. A business competitor has copied it and using it .", + "question": "Which form do i need to fill to apply for copy trademark documents?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "form tm31r", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Use form TM31R to get a certified copy of a trade mark.

    " + ], + "id": "train-419" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/elections-in-the-uk", + "scenario": "I am 19 years old student.I registered my vote in wiltshire Council. I have now moved to Birmingham city Council after Joining my University. I would like to vote in the coming local elections.", + "question": "Can I choose whether to vote in Birmingham city Council or in wiltshire Council?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To vote in a local government election you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in
    • ", + "

    If you live in 2 different local authority areas (for example because you\u2019re a student), you may be able to vote in both areas.

    ", + "

    You must register to vote in both areas. The local Electoral Registration Offices will check each application and tell you if you can register in both areas.

    " + ], + "id": "train-420" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/elections-in-the-uk", + "scenario": "I am a 30 years old UK resident. I would like to vote in the coming local government elections . I pay council tax every month.", + "question": "Am i registered as a voter automatically?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To vote in a general election you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered to vote
    • ", + "

    To vote in a local government election you must:

    ", + "
  • be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in
    • " + ], + "id": "train-421" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle", + "scenario": "My son is a 20 year old. He has a driving licence, and currently drives a 1500kg non-tracked tractor. I am considering purchasing a tracked tractor, which weighs 4000kg. I want my son to learn how to drive this.", + "question": "Will my son be lawfully able to drive this vehicle?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not need a licence to drive or operate:

    ", + "
  • a tractor or specialist vehicle off the public road (there are age limits)
    • ", + "

    You need a full category B car licence with provisional entitlement for categories G and H to drive:

    ", + "
  • tracked vehicles (category H)
    • ", + "Tracked vehicles | H | 17/21***", + "

    ***If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 the Maximum Authorised Mass (MAM) of the vehicle cannot be more than 3,500kg. (Maximum Authorised Mass is the maximum weight of a vehicle including the maximum load that can be carried safely while used on the road.)

    " + ], + "id": "train-422" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle", + "scenario": "I am looking to practice how to drive a category G road roller. I hold a driver's licence, and I am three-two years old. I know I am able to begin learning, and I have started to look for an instructor. I do not know where to start.", + "question": "Where am I able to find an approved instructor?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "approved driving instructor (adi)", + [ + "

    You might be able to use an approved driving instructor (ADI) if you\u2019re learning to drive a vehicle with controls similar to a car and with 2 front seats.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need a full category B car licence with provisional entitlement for categories G and H to drive:

    ", + "
  • road rollers (category G)
    • ", + "

    You might be able to use an approved driving instructor (ADI) if you\u2019re learning to drive a vehicle with controls similar to a car and with 2 front seats.

    " + ], + "id": "train-423" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle", + "scenario": "My son is 16 years and lives in England . He possesses a provisional tractor and specialist vehicle license and would like him to operate our combine harvester since I have an arm injury .", + "question": "Is he allowed to drive it via public road to my farm?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you pass a regular car driving test (category B) you\u2019ll get entitlement to drive:

    ", + "
  • agricultural tractors (category F)
    • ", + "
  • mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles (category K)
    • ", + "

    For all other categories you need the correct full licence to drive the tractor or special vehicle on the road.

    ", + "

    To get this you first need to get the right provisional driving licence entitlement and then pass a tractor or specialist vehicle driving test.

    ", + "

    You do not need a licence to drive or operate:

    ", + "
  • a tractor or specialist vehicle off the public road (there are age limits)
    • ", + "

    You need a full category B car licence with provisional entitlement for categories G and H to drive:

    ", + "
  • tracked vehicles (category H)
    • ", + "Agricultural tractors | F | 16/17*", + "

    *If you\u2019re 16 you can only drive tractors less than 2.45 metres wide and tow trailers less than 2.45 metres wide with 2 wheels, or 4 wheels close-coupled (close together).

    " + ], + "id": "train-424" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle", + "scenario": "I am 17 years old and have passed my car driving test category B. would like to help my father to spread manure on his farm with a Muck spreader. The farm is next to our home.", + "question": "Do i qualify?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you pass a regular car driving test (category B) you\u2019ll get entitlement to drive:

    ", + "
  • agricultural tractors (category F)
    • ", + "

    You do not need a licence to drive or operate:

    ", + "
  • a tractor or specialist vehicle off the public road (there are age limits)
    • ", + " | Category | Minimum age", + "Agricultural tractors | F | 16/17*", + "

    Category F includes tractors with 2 or more axles, built for off-road agriculture or forestry work.

    " + ], + "id": "train-425" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad", + "scenario": "I have plans to drive abroad in my upcoming holiday. I have taken my own vehicle when I travel abroad many times . This time I might take a hired vehicle", + "question": "What additional certificates do I need other than the insurance certificate and V5C ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your great britain or northern ireland driving licence", + [] + ], + [ + "a ve103 certificate", + [] + ], + [ + "an international driving permit (idp)", + [ + "

    You might need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. Check if you need an IDP.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to take your Great Britain or Northern Ireland driving licence with you to drive abroad. Check yours is still valid and renew your driving licence online if it\u2019s expired or about to expire. You\u2019ll need to apply to renew your licence at least a week before you travel.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking your own vehicle, you also need to take your log book (V5C) and your insurance certificate.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking a vehicle abroad that you\u2019ve hired or leased in the UK, you\u2019ll need a VE103 certificate.

    ", + "

    You might need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. Check if you need an IDP.

    " + ], + "id": "train-426" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad", + "scenario": "I am planning for a drive trip to Switzerland this summer. I hold a photocard driving licence issued in the UK but don't have an international driving permit.", + "question": "Do I need international driving permit to drive in Switzerland ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. Check if you need an IDP.

    ", + "

    You may need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. The permit you may need depends on:

    ", + "
  • which country you\u2019re visiting
    • ", + "
  • how long you\u2019re staying
    • ", + "

    You do not need an IDP to drive in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein if you have a photocard driving licence issued in the UK.

    " + ], + "id": "train-427" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration", + "scenario": "I own a vehicle which I have made modifications to. I have changed all of the major components to the car, but have maintained their original specifications and weights.", + "question": "Will I need to change the vehicle's registration number?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    A rebuilt vehicle can keep its original registration number if you can prove you\u2019ve used:

    ", + "
  • the original unmodified chassis or bodyshell (car or light van)
    • ", + "
  • a new chassis or monocoque bodyshell of the same specification as the original (car or light van)
    • ", + "
  • the original unmodified frame (motorbike)
    • ", + "
  • a new frame of the same specification as the original (motorbike)
    • ", + "

    You must also have 2 other major components from the original vehicle from the following lists.

    ", + "

    For cars or light vans:

    ", + "
  • suspension (front and back)
    • ", + "
  • steering assembly
    • ", + "
  • axles (both)
    • ", + "
  • transmission
    • ", + "
  • engine
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have to register a car or any other vehicle as soon as you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • rebuilt or altered it
    • ", + "

    DVLA may need to inspect your vehicle to:

    ", + "
  • make sure the vehicle exists, has been assembled into a complete vehicle and the log book (V5C) is in your name
    • ", + "
  • update their records because of changes you\u2019ve made to the vehicle
    • ", + "

    A rebuilt vehicle can keep its original registration number if you can prove you\u2019ve used:

    ", + "
  • the original unmodified chassis or bodyshell (car or light van)
    • ", + "
  • a new chassis or monocoque bodyshell of the same specification as the original (car or light van)
    • ", + "
  • the original unmodified frame (motorbike)
    • ", + "
  • a new frame of the same specification as the original (motorbike)
    • ", + "

    You must also have 2 other major components from the original vehicle from the following lists.

    ", + "

    For cars or light vans:

    ", + "
  • suspension (front and back)
    • ", + "
  • steering assembly
    • ", + "
  • axles (both)
    • ", + "
  • transmission
    • ", + "
  • engine
    • ", + "

    Radically altered vehicles are vehicles that have been altered from their original specification, but are not kit conversions.

    ", + "

    DVLA uses a points system to decide what registration number to give a radically altered vehicle.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle must have 8 or more points from the table below if you want to keep the original registration number. 5 of these points must come from having the original or new and unmodified chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame.

    ", + "Part | Points", + "Chassis, monocoque bodyshell (body and chassis as one unit) or frame - original or new and unmodified (direct from manufacturer) | 5", + "Suspension (front and back) - original | 2", + "Axles (both) - original | 2", + "Transmission - original | 2", + "Steering assembly - original | 2", + "Engine - original | 1", + "

    If you have a kit car, rebuild, or radically altered vehicle, DVLA will usually have to assess it.

    ", + "

    You may be able to keep its original registration number if you can prove the vehicle\u2019s original VIN. If you cannot, you\u2019ll have to apply for a replacement identity number.

    " + ], + "id": "train-428" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration", + "scenario": "I have bit a new kit car. The car meets all the specifications to be road worth. I am now looking to register the vehicle. It has never been registered before.", + "question": "What fees are involved with the registration?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the new registration fee of \u00a355", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As well as documents to prove your identity, you must also send:

    ", + "
  • the new registration fee of \u00a355, if you have to pay it
    • " + ], + "id": "train-429" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/importing-vehicles-into-the-uk", + "scenario": "My uncle shipped a left hand drive car from Canada.He has registered and paid all the vehicle taxes.He wishes to use it in the UK.", + "question": "Does he need to apply for certificate of mutual recognition?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If the vehicle\u2019s not registered in the EU

    ", + "

    To get approval for a vehicle that\u2019s not registered in the EU, apply for either:

    ", + "
  • Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)
    • ", + "

    If the vehicle\u2019s registered in the EU

    ", + "

    Get a European Certificate of Conformity from the manufacturer to show you have approval for an EU-registered vehicle.

    ", + "

    You also have to get a certificate of Mutual Recognition if it\u2019s a left hand drive vehicle.

    " + ], + "id": "train-430" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-direct-access-scheme-motorcycle-instructor", + "scenario": "I am an experienced rider having passed my test 15 years ago. I also obtained an advanced riding qualification from a motorcycle club. I have a caution for violent behaviour from when I was a teenager.", + "question": "Will the historic caution for violence 20 years ago be a bar from passing on my riding skills officially as a DAS instructor?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you pass, fill in Form 4 to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to give details of any motoring or non-motoring offences you\u2019ve got within the last 4 years on your application form. These will be taken into account when DVSA assesses your suitability to be authorised.

    ", + "

    You are not allowed to conduct DAS courses until you\u2019ve got your registration certificate.

    " + ], + "id": "train-431" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-direct-access-scheme-motorcycle-instructor", + "scenario": "I am a competent motorcycle rider and also a qualified sports coach. I am dyslexic and have previously been allowed to use a spell checker in official assessments.", + "question": "Can I use my spell checker as a reasonable adjustment during the assessment process?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-432" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-test", + "scenario": "I am a 31 year old from London and I have a motorcycle practical test booked for in a few weeks time but I have lost my theory test certificate.", + "question": "Can I get a new certificate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must take:

    ", + "
  • your theory test pass certificate
    • ", + "

    Your test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA with your:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "
  • date of birth
    • ", + "
  • driving licence number
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent a letter that you can take to your test instead of your pass certificate.

    " + ], + "id": "train-433" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-test", + "scenario": "I am a 42 year old from Kent and I have a motorcycle test next week but I only have an electric motorcycle.", + "question": "Can this be used to the test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    The motorcycle or moped you use for your tests must:

    ", + "
  • be a solo machine - you can only use a sidecar if you have certain disabilities
    • ", + "
  • have a speedometer measuring speed in miles per hour (mph)
    • ", + "
  • display L plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear
    • ", + "
  • be insured, taxed and roadworthy and have no engine warning lights showing
    • ", + "

    In both modules of the test, you must use:

    ", + "
  • the same subcategory as the licence you\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "
  • a vehicle with the same type of transmission (manual, automatic or semi-automatic)
    • ", + "

    You can use an electric motorcycle or moped if it both:

    ", + "
  • has the same engine power as the petrol version
    • ", + "
  • can keep that power for at least 30 minutes
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The motorcycle or moped you use for your tests must:

    ", + "
  • be a solo machine - you can only use a sidecar if you have certain disabilities
    • ", + "
  • have a speedometer measuring speed in miles per hour (mph)
    • ", + "
  • display L plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear
    • ", + "
  • be insured, taxed and roadworthy and have no engine warning lights showing
    • ", + "

    In both modules of the test, you must use:

    ", + "
  • the same subcategory as the licence you\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "
  • a vehicle with the same type of transmission (manual, automatic or semi-automatic)
    • ", + "

    You can use an electric motorcycle or moped if it both:

    ", + "
  • has the same engine power as the petrol version
    • ", + "
  • can keep that power for at least 30 minutes
    • " + ], + "id": "train-434" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-an-approved-tachograph-centre", + "scenario": "My father wants to set up an approved Tachograph center . He needs to make an application, follow the right guidelines and fill out the required forms.", + "question": "How can he apply?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "fill in form gv207", + [] + ], + [ + "send your application to the address on the form", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you want to set up an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC), you will need to read the ATC manual and fill in form GV207.

    ", + "

    Send your application to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    You can also contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for the form and manual.

    " + ], + "id": "train-435" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-an-approved-tachograph-centre", + "scenario": "My friend is a goods vehicle driver and also does maintenance in his workshop. He would like to register for a tachograph smart card but would like to know the cost.", + "question": "How much does it cost to apply?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "tachograph workshop cards are issued free of charge", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tachograph workshop cards are issued free of charge. They are automatically renewed every year on 31 March.

    " + ], + "id": "train-436" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/run-local-bus-service", + "scenario": "I am a full time driver and hold a Public services vehicle operator's license and hold a community bus permit. I am planning to register for a local bus service", + "question": "What is the fees to register a local bus service ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a360", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a360 to register a local bus service
    • " + ], + "id": "train-437" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/run-local-bus-service", + "scenario": "We are a local education authority in England. We operate a bus service to pick some of the students and not for public service", + "question": "Do we have to register to run as a local bus service ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You do not need to register a service if the only passengers who pay fares are either:

    ", + "
  • studying at a school or college
    • ", + "
  • supervising pupils or students
    • ", + "
  • teachers or assistants working at the school or college
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can register a local bus service if you:

    ", + "
  • are a local education authority and want to provide a local service using a school bus belonging to you
    • ", + "

    You do not have to register a bus service if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • someone other than you or your agent is responsible for arranging the journey and bringing the passengers together
    • ", + "
  • the journey is not advertised in advance to the general public
    • ", + "
  • all passengers travel together to or from the same place - for example a school or factory
    • ", + "
  • passengers pay the same fare no matter how far they travel
    • ", + "

    If you operate a bus service provided by a local education authority in England or Wales, you may not have to register it.

    ", + "

    You do not need to register a service if the only passengers who pay fares are either:

    ", + "
  • studying at a school or college
    • ", + "
  • supervising pupils or students
    • ", + "
  • teachers or assistants working at the school or college
    • " + ], + "id": "train-438" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ride-motorcycle-moped", + "scenario": "I have got my provisional driving licence for learning motorcycle. I have recently bought a motorcycle which has a valid V5C, properly taxed, motor insurance and has a valid MOT", + "question": "Can I use my vehicle to learn ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Learning to ride

    ", + "

    You need to have the right provisional driving licence when you\u2019re learning to ride.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re using your own vehicle you\u2019ll need to make sure it:

    ", + "
  • has a valid V5C registration certificate (log book)
    • ", + "
  • is taxed
    • ", + "
  • has an MOT (if needed)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need adequate motor insurance.

    " + ], + "id": "train-439" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ride-motorcycle-moped", + "scenario": "My father own a moped with a speed range 40 km/hr. I am 17 years old and want to get a license to ride the moped", + "question": "what are the requirements for me to get a license to ride my father's moped ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "compulsory basic training (cbt), theory test, practical test on all powered 2-wheeled moped", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To ride on public roads you first need to get a provisional licence and then complete compulsory basic training (CBT) to get a certificate.

    ", + "

    The way moped entitlements are shown on your licence have changed, but you still need to be 16 to ride one.

    ", + " | Licence category | Requirements for licence | Minimum age", + "Mopeds with speed range of 25 km/h to 45 km/h | AM | Compulsory basic training (CBT), theory test, practical test on all powered 2-wheeled moped | 16" + ], + "id": "train-440" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ride-motorcycle-moped", + "scenario": "I want to drive a 50cc moped. I have been told that I do not need a CBT if I have a driving licence. I passed my driving test on the 3rd January 2001.", + "question": "Do I need to do a CBT to ride a moped?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Car driving test passed before 1 February 2001

    ", + "

    You do not need to take compulsory basic training (CBT) to ride a moped if you passed your car driving test before 1 February 2001. You\u2019ll still need to complete CBT to ride a motorbike, however.

    " + ], + "id": "train-441" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ride-motorcycle-moped", + "scenario": "I have passed my standard motorcycle licence. I am 19 years old and I am looking to buy a motorbike. I am not sure what I am allowed to drive.", + "question": "What is the most powerful motorbike am I legally allowed to ride?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a power output not more than 15 kw", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Small 3-wheelers (up to 50 cc and below 4 kW) | AM | CBT, theory test, practical test | 16", + "Light quadricycles (weighing under 350 kg, top speed 45 km/h) | AM | CBT, theory test, practical test | 16", + "Light motorcycle up to 11 kW (and a power-to-weight ratio not more than 0.1 kW per kg) and 125 cc | A1 | CBT, theory test, practical test | 17", + "Motor tricycles with a power output not more than 15 kW | A1 | CBT, theory test, practical test | 17", + "Standard motorcycle up to 35 kW (and a power-to-weight ratio not more than 0.2 kW per kg), bike must not be derived from vehicle more than twice its power | A2 | Direct access route - theory and practicalProgressive access route - 2 years experience on A1 motorbike and a further practical test | 19" + ], + "id": "train-442" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/displaying-number-plates", + "scenario": "My friend recently did some alteration to his vehicle registration plates. England police chased him and charged him for the incorrectly displayed registration plate.", + "question": "How much is the fine for incorrectly displayed number plates ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to \u00a31,000", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Number plates (also known as licence plates) must show your registration number correctly. You cannot rearrange letters or numbers, or alter them so that they\u2019re hard to read.

    ", + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a31,000 and your vehicle will fail its MOT test if you drive with incorrectly displayed number plates.

    " + ], + "id": "train-443" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/displaying-number-plates", + "scenario": "I am planning to get a made up number plates from a supplier. I was told that I have to show a document that I am allowed to use the registration number", + "question": "Can I use my V5C to show that I am allowed to use the registration number ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The supplier will need to see original documents that:

    ", + "
  • show you\u2019re allowed to use the registration number
    • ", + "

    You must bring one of the following to show you\u2019re allowed to display the registration number:

    ", + "
  • vehicle registration certificate (V5C or V5CNI)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-444" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/importing-vehicles-into-the-uk", + "scenario": "I am importing a modified vehicle from abroad. I am new to buying importing vehicles. I know DVLA will give a Q registration number.", + "question": "Will V5C have a modified marker ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your vehicle has been damaged or modified in another country, DVLA may:

    ", + "
  • give your vehicle a Q registration number
    • ", + "
  • put a marker on your vehicle log book (V5C) - to show that your vehicle has been altered or assembled using different parts
    • " + ], + "id": "train-445" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/importing-vehicles-into-the-uk", + "scenario": "I have a Northern Ireland registered vehicle and lived in NI but moved to UK to live here permanently. I am considering to move my vehicle from NI to UK", + "question": "Can I move my vehicle freely to UK without any paper work ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If you are a UK resident you can move your vehicle freely between Great Britain and Northern Ireland if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re not moving it to sell it, or for any other commercial purpose (for example, using the car as a taxi or hiring it to someone)
    • ", + "
  • the car is for your own or your household\u2019s personal use
    • ", + "

    Tell DVLA about the change of address.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you are a UK resident you can move your vehicle freely between Great Britain and Northern Ireland if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s registered in either country
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not moving it to sell it, or for any other commercial purpose (for example, using the car as a taxi or hiring it to someone)
    • ", + "
  • the car is for your own or your household\u2019s personal use
    • " + ], + "id": "train-446" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support", + "scenario": "I am 20, live in rural England and am currently studying full-time to be a plumber, via an ESFA-funded course at my nearest FE college. This involves a 12-mile commute by bus, 4 days a week, which is proving to be expensive.", + "question": "Can I claim Learner Support to cover the cost of my travel?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • getting student finance for higher education
    • ", + "
  • on a Community Learning course
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re aged 19 or over, on a further education course and facing financial hardship, you could get Learner Support.

    ", + "

    You apply to your learning provider (for example your college) for Learner Support. How much you get depends on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    The money can help pay for things like:

    ", + "
  • accommodation and travel
    • ", + "

    To get Learner Support you must be:

    ", + "
  • 19 or over
    • ", + "
  • studying at a learning provider funded by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (check with your college)
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • getting student finance for higher education
    • ", + "
  • on a Community Learning course
    • " + ], + "id": "train-447" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support", + "scenario": "I am 19, and about to start a course at my local technical college. I've applied to them for learner support to cover the costs of some equipment that I will need for the practical sections of the syllabus.", + "question": "Can I decide how the support funds will be paid to me, if my application is successful?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The money could be:

    ", + "
  • a direct payment to you - which you don\u2019t have to pay back
    • ", + "
  • a loan - which you have to pay back
    • ", + "
  • paid to someone else, for example a landlord
    • ", + "

    Your learning provider decides how the money is paid to you. It depends on their scheme and what the money is for.

    " + ], + "id": "train-448" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-lorry-bus-driver", + "scenario": "I aim to driving a lorry for non-commercial reasons, but I am only going to stand in every so often. It is not my main job. The distance I will be travelling is going to be 120 miles with a load.", + "question": "Do I need a licence with these conditions?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You do not need the full Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) qualification if you\u2019re using the vehicle for:

    ", + "
  • non-commercial carriage of passengers or goods
    • ", + "

    If you want to become a lorry, bus or coach driver in these situations you need to:

    ", + "
  • Apply for a provisional lorry or bus licence.
    • ", + "
  • Pass the part 1 (theory) and part 3 (driving ability) tests.
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To become a lorry, bus or coach driver you need to:

    ", + "
  • have a full car licence
    • ", + "
  • be over 18 - but there are some exceptions
    • ", + "
  • get a professional driving qualification called the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC)
    • ", + "

    You must have the full Driver CPC if you drive a lorry, bus or coach as the main part of your job.

    ", + "

    You do not need the full Driver CPC if you:

    ", + "
  • do not want to drive for a living, for example you want to drive for a hobby or carry passengers or goods non-commercially for personal use
    • ", + "

    You still need to pass the part 1 (theory) and part 3 (driving ability) tests of the qualification.

    ", + "
  • Apply for a provisional lorry or bus licence.
    • ", + "

    You do not need the full Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) qualification if you\u2019re using the vehicle for:

    ", + "
  • non-commercial carriage of passengers or goods
    • ", + "

    If you want to become a lorry, bus or coach driver in these situations you need to:

    ", + "
  • Pass the part 1 (theory) and part 3 (driving ability) tests.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-449" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-lorry-bus-driver", + "scenario": "I have just turned 65 years old. I have held my CPC licence for thirty years, and have renewed it every five years as required. The last time I renewed it was two years ago; I have three years of this left to run. I know I am supposed to renew it every year at 65 years old.", + "question": "Do I need to renew the licence now that I am 65 or can I leave it until the last renewal is up in three years time?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "if you\u2019re 65 or over you must renew your lorry or bus driving licence every year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to renew your bus or lorry licence every 5 years, and every year when you reach 65.

    ", + "

    Every 5 years you must:

    ", + "
  • take 35 hours of Driver CPC training to keep driving professionally
    • ", + "
  • renew your lorry or bus driving licence
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re 65 or over you must renew your lorry or bus driving licence every year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-450" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-an-mot-station", + "scenario": "My name is Ted and i have been running by garage for a number of years. We carry out the occasional MOT. I am not familiar with terms or where to look should someone ask who is qualified.", + "question": "Who at my business is officially in charge of carrying our inspections and signing MOTs off?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "an authorised examiner (ae)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • an authorised examiner (AE)
    • ", + "

    The AE is an individual, partnership or company authorised by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). The AE is responsible for making sure that:

    ", + "
  • MOT tests are properly conducted
    • ", + "
  • the test facilities and equipment are checked and well-maintained
    • ", + "
  • MOT documents are correctly stored and access to electronic MOT test systems is only given to eligible users
    • ", + "
  • the MOT testers are assessed correctly and complete training and assessments
    • ", + "
  • DVSA staff have access to the premises for checks on staff and equipment
    • ", + "
  • DVSA is informed about significant changes to the business within 7 working days
    • ", + "

    You need an authorised examiner (AE) to set up an MOT test station. The AE can be an individual, partnership or company.

    " + ], + "id": "train-451" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/displaying-number-plates", + "scenario": "We are driving through France and Spain for a holiday. We have been told that you do not need to have a GB sticker when you have a flag on the number plate. Our licence plate has the flag of the Red Dragon of Wales.", + "question": "Is this sufficient for travelling through France and Spain?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can display one of the following flags with identifying letters on the left-hand side of the number plate:

    ", + "
  • Red Dragon of Wales
    • ", + "

    If your number plate includes the GB identifier with the Union flag (also known as the Union Jack), you do not need a GB sticker. But you will need to display a GB sticker clearly on the rear of your vehicle if your number plate has any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a national flag of England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re in Spain, Cyprus or Malta, you must display a GB sticker no matter what is on your number plate.

    " + ], + "id": "train-452" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/displaying-number-plates", + "scenario": "The number plates to my car are damaged and no longer useable. I do not know where to source new number plates.", + "question": "Where can I buy replacement number plates?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "from a registered number plate supplier", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can only get a number plate made up from a registered number plate supplier.

    " + ], + "id": "train-453" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-a-goods-vehicle-operator", + "scenario": "My Uncle works in a courier company in the UK.. He wishes to work across the border and make trips to Germany and France.He wishes to apply for a standard international license.", + "question": "How much does it cost to apply?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3257", + [] + ], + [ + "\u00a3401", + [] + ], + [ + "\u00a368", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When applying for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence, you\u2019ll have to pay:

    ", + "
  • a one-off fee payable on application
    • ", + "
  • a fee for the issue of a licence
    • ", + "
  • a fee for the issue of an interim licence (if applicable)
    • ", + "Application for a licence | \u00a3257", + "Issue of a licence | \u00a3401", + "Issue of an interim licence | \u00a368" + ], + "id": "train-454" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-a-goods-vehicle-operator", + "scenario": "I am a professional lorry driver and I have worked as a goods vehicle operator for 10 years. Recently I applied for HGV driver job vacancy and the recruitment agency demanded that I produce my Driver CPC.", + "question": "Is Driver CPC a mandatory when hiring professional lorry drivers?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must also make sure that any drivers you use or employ have the correct licence and training. All vehicles that you use should be correctly taxed and kept safe and in good condition at all times.

    ", + "

    If you employ or give work to drivers, you must check that they have the correct licence and training to drive goods vehicles.

    ", + "

    Professional lorry drivers need to hold a Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (Driver CPC).

    " + ], + "id": "train-455" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/manage-approved-driving-instructor-registration", + "scenario": "I recently became a driving instructor. I had my schedule set at the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency but things have been quite chaotic. I want to reduce my hours and change my availability.", + "question": "Can I do so online or do I need to contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency again?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can manage when you\u2019re available for driving tests online", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can manage when you\u2019re available for driving tests online.

    ", + "

    You can tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA):

    ", + "
  • when you\u2019re never available, for example, between 9am and 11am on Mondays
    • ", + "
  • when you\u2019re temporarily away, for example, you\u2019re on holiday
    • " + ], + "id": "train-456" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/manage-approved-driving-instructor-registration", + "scenario": "I have been a driving instructor for a little over 3 years now. Some of my colleagues informed me that I would need to renew my registration soon. I am pretty certain I only need to do so every 5 years.", + "question": "When do I need to renew my registration?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "every 4 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019re responsible for keeping your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration up to date.

    ", + "

    You must renew your registration every 4 years.

    ", + "

    You can renew your registration in the month it expires. If your registration has already run out, you can re-register within 12 months of the expiry date.

    " + ], + "id": "train-457" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-theory-test", + "scenario": "My daughter is 19 years old . Intends to do the motorcycle theory test and would like to pass the multiple choice questions part . She doesn't want to fail.", + "question": "Which books can you recommend for her to revise?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the highway code", + [] + ], + [ + "know your traffic signs", + [] + ], + [ + "riding - the essential skills", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The questions in the theory test are based on 3 books:

    ", + "
  • The Highway Code
    • ", + "
  • Know your traffic signs
    • ", + "
  • Riding - the essential skills
    • " + ], + "id": "train-458" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-theory-test", + "scenario": "My brother has a car driving license and wishes to participate in extreme racing motor sports. He wants to take a motorcycle test next month.", + "question": "Does he need to take motorcycle theory test ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You usually need to have passed a motorcycle theory test before you take the motorcycle test.

    ", + "

    If you have a car licence

    ", + "

    You have to pass a motorcycle theory test before taking the motorcycle test.

    " + ], + "id": "train-459" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-disqualifications", + "scenario": "I have received a driving ban after getting a total 12 points on my license in the last 3 years .Would like to apply for a delivery job in future.", + "question": "How long can the ban last?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "6 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be banned (disqualified) from driving if you are either:

    ", + "
  • get 12 or more penalty points (endorsements) within 3 years
    • ", + "

    You can be banned from driving if you already have 12 or more penalty points on your licence. Your ban can last:

    ", + "
  • 6 months, if you get 12 or more penalty points within 3 years
    • " + ], + "id": "train-460" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-disqualifications", + "scenario": "My friend Dina was disqualified for drink-driving.She was given 13 months driving ban. She is an HGV driver and relies from that job.", + "question": "Can she apply for a course to reduce the ban?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be disqualified if you\u2019re found guilty of drink-driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disqualified from driving for 12 months or more, you might be able to reduce your ban by taking a drink-drive rehabilitation course.

    " + ], + "id": "train-461" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor", + "scenario": "I am a 57 year old from York and I have just sat my motorcycle instructor course, I have failed the course.", + "question": "Is there a time limit on when I can re-sit the course?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You\u2019re only allowed 2 unsuccessful attempts before you have to wait a year before applying to take another assessment.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to retake the assessment if you fail it twice within a 12-month period. You\u2019ll have to wait until 1 year after the date of the second assessment before applying again.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re only allowed 2 unsuccessful attempts before you have to wait a year before applying to take another assessment.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply to retake the assessment if you fail it twice within a 12-month period. You\u2019ll have to wait until 1 year after the date of the second assessment before applying again.

    " + ], + "id": "train-462" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor", + "scenario": "I am a 41 year old from Chester and I have a CBT course arranged which unfortunately I can not attend.", + "question": "Can I reschedule the course for another date?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you cannot go to your assessment

    ", + "

    Tell DVSA by email if you cannot attend your assessment.

    ", + "

    You must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.

    ", + "

    Your application will become invalid and will count as an unsuccessful attempt if you do not tell DVSA in enough time.

    " + ], + "id": "train-463" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/boatmasters-licence", + "scenario": "I am a vessel master with a category A vessel. I have held a Boatmasters' Licence previously, but this has now expired. I am about to renew my Boatmasters' licence.", + "question": "Are there any costs relating to the renewal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a331", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Renewing your licence

    ", + "

    Your boatmasters\u2019 licence usually lasts 5 years.

    ", + "

    Renewing your licence costs \u00a331.

    " + ], + "id": "train-464" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/boatmasters-licence", + "scenario": "I am looking at buying a new boat. The boat I am looking to buy is a canal boat that will be used to travel up and down the canals. I have been told that I may need a Boatmasters' licence.", + "question": "Will the canal boat require a Boatmasters' licence?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You do not need a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re in charge of:

    ", + "
  • a pleasure vessel, including hire boats used as pleasure vessels
    • ", + "
  • fishing vessels
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must have a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re the master of certain vessels on:

    ", + "
  • inland waters in categories A to D, such as canals, rivers, lakes and some estuaries
    • ", + "

    You do not need a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re in charge of:

    ", + "
  • a pleasure vessel, including hire boats used as pleasure vessels
    • ", + "
  • fishing vessels
    • " + ], + "id": "train-465" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-disqualifications", + "scenario": "I am a 25 year old from Leeds and I have been disqualified from driving for drink driving although I was not under the influence at the time.", + "question": "Is it possible to appeal the disqualification?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can ask the court to reduce your disqualification period after you\u2019ve been banned from driving for:

    ", + "
  • 2 years - if the disqualification was for fewer than 4 years
    • ", + "
  • half the disqualification period - if it was for at least 4 but under 10 years
    • ", + "
  • 5 years - if the disqualification was for 10 years or more
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re disqualified from driving for 12 months or more, you might be able to reduce your ban by taking a drink-drive rehabilitation course.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask the court to reduce your disqualification period after you\u2019ve been banned from driving for:

    ", + "
  • 2 years - if the disqualification was for fewer than 4 years
    • ", + "
  • half the disqualification period - if it was for at least 4 but under 10 years
    • ", + "
  • 5 years - if the disqualification was for 10 years or more
    • ", + "

    You must have a good reason for asking for the disqualification to be reduced. For example, if you think the court made a legal mistake or there were reasons you committed the driving offence that the court did not take into account.

    ", + "

    You can be disqualified if you\u2019re found guilty of drink-driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re disqualified from driving for 12 months or more, you might be able to reduce your ban by taking a drink-drive rehabilitation course.

    " + ], + "id": "train-466" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-disqualifications", + "scenario": "I am a 43 year old living in Exeter and I was disqualified from driving 5 years ago. I was told I need to retake my test when my disqualification ends.", + "question": "Do I need to undergo lessons or can I just book a test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can drive as soon as your ban is over and you\u2019ve passed the tests you need to take.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re disqualified for 56 days or more you must apply for a new licence before driving again.

    ", + "

    You might also have to retake your driving test or take an extended driving test before getting your full licence. The court will tell you if you have to do this.

    ", + "

    If the court told you that you must take another driving test before driving again, you\u2019ll have to apply for a new provisional licence.

    ", + "

    You can drive as soon as your ban is over and you\u2019ve passed the tests you need to take.

    " + ], + "id": "train-467" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-test", + "scenario": "I have passed my theory test. I have been training for my practical driving test. I used driving instructor's vehicle previously but recently started practising on my own vehicle", + "question": "Can I use my own car for driving test if it meets all the rules ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You cannot use any of the following:

    ", + "
  • BMW Mini convertible
    • ", + "
  • Ford KA convertible
    • ", + "
  • Toyota iQ
    • ", + "
  • VW Beetle convertible
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can take your driving test in your own car rather than your driving instructor\u2019s if it meets certain rules.

    ", + "

    Rules about the car

    ", + "

    Your car must:

    ", + "
  • be taxed
    • ", + "
  • be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)
    • ", + "
  • be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)
    • ", + "
  • have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light
    • ", + "
  • have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted
    • ", + "
  • be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test
    • ", + "
  • be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer
    • ", + "
  • have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg
    • ", + "

    You cannot use any of the following:

    ", + "
  • BMW Mini convertible
    • ", + "
  • Ford KA convertible
    • ", + "
  • Toyota iQ
    • ", + "
  • VW Beetle convertible
    • " + ], + "id": "train-468" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-test", + "scenario": "I have passed both theory and practical driving tests for automatic driving license. I have been driving for the last 8 years and considering to upgrade to manual driving.", + "question": "Do I have to re-take the theory test ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can book your driving test when you\u2019ve passed your theory test.

    ", + "

    You do not need to pass another theory test if you\u2019re upgrading an automatic car licence to a manual licence.

    " + ], + "id": "train-469" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-recalls-and-faults", + "scenario": "I have just bought a new car and it has defective seat beats with broken latches.The airbag is deploying prematurely it almost caused an accident.", + "question": "Can i report these defects?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can report a serious safety defects with your vehicle or accessory if it could cause injury.

    ", + "

    If you find a serious defect that affects the safety of your vehicle, one of its parts, or an accessory, report it to the manufacturer immediately.

    ", + "

    A serious safety defect is something:

    ", + "
  • about the way the vehicle is designed or made that\u2019s likely to cause injury or death
    • ", + "
  • that happens suddenly and without warning
    • " + ], + "id": "train-470" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-recalls-and-faults", + "scenario": "I have received a recall letter from my car manufacturer . The letter cites that the car has a defective fuel system which needs to be repaired.", + "question": "Do i need to pay for the repairs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to get your vehicle, vehicle parts and accessories fixed or replaced by the manufacturer if they find a serious problem with them.

    ", + "

    You will not usually have to pay for any repairs or parts under a safety recall.

    ", + "

    You usually do not have to pay to get the fault fixed.

    " + ], + "id": "train-471" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-lorry-bus-driver", + "scenario": "I have passed all four of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) tests. I have received the Driver CPC card as well", + "question": "Do I have to carry Driver CPC card while driving a lorry ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    After you\u2019ve passed all 4 of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) tests, you\u2019ll be sent a Driver CPC card. This is sometimes called a \u2018driver qualification card\u2019 or \u2018DQC\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must carry your Driver CPC card while driving a lorry, bus or coach professionally. If you drive a heavy goods vehicle (HGV) outside the UK, check what documents you need to carry.

    ", + "

    You can get a \u00a350 fixed penalty for driving professionally without your Driver CPC card.

    " + ], + "id": "train-472" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-lorry-bus-driver", + "scenario": "I am 25 years old and have a full car license. Recently lost my job as a estate agents so I was thinking to become a bus driver", + "question": "What qualification I need to become a bus driver ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a professional driving qualification called the driver certificate of professional competence (cpc)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To become a lorry, bus or coach driver you need to:

    ", + "
  • have a full car licence
    • ", + "
  • be over 18 - but there are some exceptions
    • ", + "
  • get a professional driving qualification called the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC)
    • ", + "

    You must have the full Driver CPC if you drive a lorry, bus or coach as the main part of your job.

    " + ], + "id": "train-473" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-3-test", + "scenario": "I am a driving instructor who has passed my ADI part 3 test four months ago. I have forgotten to apply for my first ADI badge.", + "question": "How long do I have to apply for my badge?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you must apply within 12 months of passing the test", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for your first ADI badge if you pass the ADI part 3 test.

    ", + "

    You must apply within 12 months of passing the test, or you\u2019ll have to pass all 3 qualifying tests again.

    " + ], + "id": "train-474" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-3-test", + "scenario": "I have signed up for my ADI part 3 test. My test was supposed to take place four days ago, but I was told it was cancelled due to bad weather. I received a letter saying my test will be in five days time at 9:00am, but I cannot make that time.", + "question": "Can I rebook my test for another time?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your driving examiner will call you a few days before your test to agree:

    ", + "
  • the start time with you
    • ", + "
  • where you want the test to start from (either the driving test centre or somewhere within 5 minutes of the driving test centre)
    • ", + "

    Your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.

    ", + "

    If your test cannot go ahead

    ", + "

    The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:

    ", + "
  • automatically book the next available date for your test
    • ", + "
  • send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather
    • ", + "

    You can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.

    " + ], + "id": "train-475" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support", + "scenario": "I am 20 years old student with a 2 years old daughter. I am pursuing higher education and receiving student finance and care to learn benefits.", + "question": "Can i qualify for learner support?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re aged 19 or over, on a further education course and facing financial hardship, you could get Learner Support.

    ", + "

    To get Learner Support you must be:

    ", + "
  • 19 or over
    • ", + "
  • studying at a learning provider funded by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (check with your college)
    • ", + "

    You must be 20 or over to get help with childcare costs. If you\u2019re 19, apply for Care to Learn instead.

    ", + "

    You can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:

    ", + "
  • Care to Learn
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • getting student finance for higher education
    • " + ], + "id": "train-476" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support", + "scenario": "My nephew is 19 years old . He will be joining university this September but he is experiencing a lot of financial issues due to his parents' divorce. He needs help to pursue his dream course.", + "question": "Can he apply for learners support?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    To get Learner Support you must be:

    ", + "
  • studying at a learning provider funded by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (check with your college)
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • getting student finance for higher education
    • ", + "
  • on a Community Learning course
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re aged 19 or over, on a further education course and facing financial hardship, you could get Learner Support.

    ", + "

    You apply to your learning provider (for example your college) for Learner Support. How much you get depends on your circumstances.

    ", + "

    Your learning provider (for example, a college) decides how much you get. It depends on their scheme and your circumstances.

    ", + "

    To get Learner Support you must be:

    ", + "
  • 19 or over
    • ", + "
  • studying at a learning provider funded by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (check with your college)
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • getting student finance for higher education
    • ", + "
  • on a Community Learning course
    • " + ], + "id": "train-477" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-run-motorcycle-approved-training-body-atb", + "scenario": "I am a motorcyclist who is looking to become an instructor. I have use to land for off-road driving requirements. I also have no convictions. I have just completed my application form.", + "question": "Where do I send my application to become an ATB?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "to dvsa", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must be an approved training body (ATB) with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to provide:

    ", + "

    To apply to register an approved training body (ATB), download these 3 application forms, and send them to DVSA:

    ", + "
  • \u2018Application to provide compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\u2019
    • ", + "
  • \u2018Compulsory basic training (CBT) site application form\u2019
    • ", + "
  • \u2018Application to be authorised as a certified motorcycle instructor\u2019
    • " + ], + "id": "train-478" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-run-motorcycle-approved-training-body-atb", + "scenario": "I have been successful in my application to become an ATB. I had all the necessary requirements, however I have now been told I cannot use the land for training.", + "question": "What do I need to do when I find an alternative site?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "download the compulsory basic training site application form to apply for authorisation.", + [] + ], + [ + "send the completed form to dvsa", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must have the use of a suitable site or sites for training in the off-road parts of the CBT course.

    ", + "

    These sites must be authorised by DVSA before they\u2019re used.

    ", + "

    All the sites you intend to use for the practical training and riding elements of the compulsory basic training (CBT) course must be authorised by DVSA.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t use a site until you\u2019ve got authorisation from DVSA.

    ", + "

    Download the compulsory basic training site application form to apply for authorisation.

    ", + "

    Send the completed form to DVSA. You\u2019ll also need to include a draft plan of the intended site, eg an annotated satellite image.

    " + ], + "id": "train-479" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trainee-driving-instructor-licence-the-rules", + "scenario": "I have taken a student out for a driving lesson, but I have forgotten to renew my trainee licence. I have charged for the lesson, but I have been told this was wrong.", + "question": "Can I charge students for driving lessons even when my licence is expired?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your trainee licence lasts for 6 months. When it runs out you must stop being paid for giving driving lessons.

    ", + "

    You can apply for another trainee licence, but you\u2019ll need to pay the fee again.

    ", + "

    You cannot be paid for giving driving lessons when you do not have a valid trainee licence.

    " + ], + "id": "train-480" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trainee-driving-instructor-licence-the-rules", + "scenario": "I am a trainee driving instructor. I have currently done thirty lessons, and I have only been accompanied twice by my ADI. I do not feel like I am learning.", + "question": "What are the requirements for how many times I must be accompanied by an ADI?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "be supervised for 20% of all lessons you give while you have your trainee licence", + [] + ], + [ + "do at least 20 hours of extra training while you have your trainee licence", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A trainee licence:

    ", + "
  • helps you get experience instructing pupils to drive so you can prepare for the ADI part 3 test
    • ", + "
  • lasts for 6 months
    • ", + "

    You have 2 options to choose from when you apply for a trainee licence. You must either:

    ", + "
  • be supervised for 20% of all lessons you give while you have your trainee licence
    • ", + "
  • do at least 20 hours of extra training while you have your trainee licence
    • ", + "

    You can only choose one option and you cannot change to the other after you\u2019ve made your decision.

    " + ], + "id": "train-481" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driver-cpc-training", + "scenario": "I am a 52 year old living in Bradford and I have am qualified to drive lorries in my home country Belize.", + "question": "How can I be eligible to drive lorries in the UK?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "complete your periodic training in england, scotland or wales", + [] + ], + [ + "exchange your driver\u2019s licence for a gb licence", + [ + "
  • exchange your driver\u2019s licence for a GB licence - you must have a code 95 entitlement on your non-GB licence to do this
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving professionally without Driver CPC.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to drive professionally if you have not done your training by your deadline.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from another country, there are 2 ways to get a Great Britain (GB) Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) card. You should either:

    ", + "
  • complete your periodic training in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • exchange your driver\u2019s licence for a GB licence - you must have a code 95 entitlement on your non-GB licence to do this
    • ", + "

    If you have a code 95 entitlement on your licence, you can get a GB Driver CPC card by exchanging your licence for a GB licence.

    " + ], + "id": "train-482" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration-schemes-for-the-motor-trade", + "scenario": "I am motor trader who is VAT registered. I have never used a vehicle registration scheme, and have just become aware of this. I have heard about the secure registration scheme.", + "question": "Am I able to register for the secure scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are 3 vehicle registration schemes for the motor trade. They are:

    ", + "
  • the non-secure registration scheme
    • ", + "
  • the secure registration scheme
    • ", + "
  • the Register a Vehicle (RaV) service
    • ", + "

    When you first start registering vehicles, you have to use the non-secure scheme. The other 2 schemes are designed to speed up the vehicle registration process.

    " + ], + "id": "train-483" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration-schemes-for-the-motor-trade", + "scenario": "I import vehicles from abroad. I have held a non-secure registration scheme for over six months, and I have now moved onto a secure scheme. I am unsure as to the differences in the schemes.", + "question": "What are the major differences between the two schemes?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "some of the documentation needed for the non-secure scheme is no longer required", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are 3 vehicle registration schemes for the motor trade. They are:

    ", + "
  • the non-secure registration scheme
    • ", + "
  • the secure registration scheme
    • ", + "

    When your company has been approved to use this scheme, some of the documentation needed for the non-secure scheme is no longer required.

    ", + "

    Instead, you complete the registration process by transferring the data from one of the following onto the V55/1 or V55/2 form:

    ", + "
  • European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval Certificate
    • ", + "
  • National Small Series Type Approval Certificate
    • ", + "
  • Goods Vehicle National Type Approval Certificate
    • ", + "

    You register vehicles by sending the following to DVLA Swansea, SA99 1BE:

    ", + "
  • a completed V55/1 or V55/2 form
    • ", + "
  • the registration fee and the fee to tax a vehicle
    • " + ], + "id": "train-484" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-1-test", + "scenario": "My brother sat for his ADI exam . He scored overall 85 marks but failed in two categories of by getting 18 and 15 marks respectively.", + "question": "Upon getting 85 marks. Did he pass the test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll get the result at the test centre after taking the test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + "

    To pass the multiple-choice part, you must get both:

    ", + "
  • an overall score of at least 85 out of 100
    • ", + "
  • at least 20 out of 25 in each of the 4 categories of questions
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll fail if you get an overall score of 85 or higher, but do not score high enough in each of the 4 categories.

    " + ], + "id": "train-485" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-1-test", + "scenario": "My friend Ann has booked her ADI part 1 test . She has scheduled an important phone call a few minutes before the exam day .", + "question": "Will she be allowed to access her mobile phone during exam day?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:

    ", + "
  • mobile phones
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.

    ", + "

    If your test centre does not have lockers, you must:

    ", + "
  • turn off your phone before you enter the test centre
    • ", + "
  • put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test
    • " + ], + "id": "train-486" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-test", + "scenario": "I have a provisional license for Motorcycle. I have been training for my driving test. I have booked my test next month but unfortunately I lost my license and have re-applied.", + "question": "How many days doest it take to get a replacement driving license ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 15 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.

    " + ], + "id": "train-487" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-test", + "scenario": "I was practising automatic motorcycle and after some 100 days of training I attended the test and passed at the first attempt. I am considering to drive semi-automatic motorcycle", + "question": "Can I drive semi-automatic motorcycle if I pass automatic motorcycle driving license ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    In both modules of the test, you must use:

    ", + "
  • the same subcategory as the licence you\u2019re applying for
    • ", + "
  • a vehicle with the same type of transmission (manual, automatic or semi-automatic)
    • ", + "

    Automatic and semi-automatic motorcycles

    ", + "

    If you pass your tests on a motorcycle with automatic or semi-automatic transmission, you\u2019ll only get a licence for those types of motorcycle.

    " + ], + "id": "train-488" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dvsa-enhanced-rider-scheme-trainer", + "scenario": "I am a 36 year old from Salford and 4 years ago I was a DAS instructor but my registration has since expired.", + "question": "Can I instantly renew it or do I need to do any additional training?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can re-register using the same form. you will not have to go through the qualifying process again.", + [ + "

    If your registration expired in the last 12 months

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your registration lasts for either 1 year or 4 years. The registration and renewal fee is:

    ", + "

    You should apply to renew your registration at least 2 weeks before your current registration runs out.

    ", + "

    If your registration expired in the last 12 months

    ", + "

    You can re-register using the same form. You will not have to go through the qualifying process again.

    " + ], + "id": "train-489" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dvsa-enhanced-rider-scheme-trainer", + "scenario": "I am a 61 year old from Colchester and after many years of loving motorcycles I have decided I want to be an instructor but I have difficulty reading small writing on the test.", + "question": "Can I receive any additional help on my theory?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-490" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-a-goods-vehicle-operator", + "scenario": "I am looking at getting an operator's licence for a lorry that weighs 6,500kg. I will be exporting goods to France from the UK using this lorry.", + "question": "What licence should I apply for?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "standard international licence", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need a licence to carry goods in a lorry, van or other vehicle with either:

    ", + "
  • a gross plated weight (the maximum weight that the vehicle can have at any one time) of over 3,500 kilograms (kg)
    • ", + "

    There are 3 different types of licence - what you need depends on the work you do.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a standard licence if you\u2019re carrying other people\u2019s goods for hire or reward (such as working as a courier or freight transport business) and the vehicle and trailer combination exceeds the weight limits above for a single vehicle.

    ", + "

    Standard international licence

    ", + "

    This licence means you can carry your own goods, and other people\u2019s goods, both in the UK and on international journeys.

    " + ], + "id": "train-491" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-a-goods-vehicle-operator", + "scenario": "We own a fleet of lorries for our business and, currently, store them out our facility in Dover. We have an operator's licence. We are looking to open a new operating centre near Newcastle, and will be storing some new lorries there.", + "question": "Do we need to update our operator's licence for this new location?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your operating centre is where your vehicles are normally kept when not in use. When you apply for an operator\u2019s licence, you\u2019ll be asked to give the address of your proposed centre(s) and information about the numbers of trailers and vehicles you will keep there.

    ", + "

    You can make changes to your goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence once you have it, for example add more vehicles to it.

    ", + "

    You must apply by post if you want to transfer your operating centre to another operator. Download and fill in form GV72 - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Your licence could be taken away, suspended or restricted by the traffic commissioner if you:

    ", + "
  • use a place not listed on the licence as an operating centre
    • " + ], + "id": "train-492" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adult-dependants-grant", + "scenario": "I am 24 years old, and I have a 23 year old partner who is dependant on me. We are not married. I am receiving an undergraduate loan, and I am studying at university. My partner has no income nor loans.", + "question": "Will I be eligible to receive an adult's dependant's grant?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a full-time student in higher education and an adult depends on you financially, you can apply for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant of up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year
    • ", + "

    Usually the adult dependant will be:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, partner or civil partner
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 25, the adult dependant cannot be your partner unless you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.

    " + ], + "id": "train-493" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adult-dependants-grant", + "scenario": "My father is dependant on me. He earns \u00a32,500 per year. I believe I am eligible for the adult dependant's grant, but I do not know how much I would receive.", + "question": "How is the amount of the grant calculated?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the amount you get depends on", + [ + "
  • your income
    • ", + "
  • the adult dependant\u2019s income
    • ", + "
  • your personal circumstances, for example if you\u2019re married or have children
    • ", + "
  • what other grants you\u2019re receiving, for example Childcare Grant
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a full-time student in higher education and an adult depends on you financially, you can apply for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant of up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year
    • ", + "

    The maximum Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant is:

    ", + "

    The amount you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • your income
    • ", + "
  • the adult dependant\u2019s income
    • ", + "
  • your personal circumstances, for example if you\u2019re married or have children
    • ", + "
  • what other grants you\u2019re receiving, for example Childcare Grant
    • " + ], + "id": "train-494" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-theory-test", + "scenario": "I am going to be taking my theory test for motorcycle training. When I was doing my practice for the theory exam, I could not answer all of the questions straight away.", + "question": "Do I have to answer the questions one at a time?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are 2 parts to the test:

    ", + "
  • multiple-choice questions
    • ", + "
  • hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road
    • ", + "

    You book and take them as a single test. You have to pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + "

    You have 57 minutes to answer 50 multiple-choice questions.

    ", + "

    A question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.

    ", + "

    Leaving a question

    ", + "

    You can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.

    ", + "

    Changing your answers

    ", + "

    You can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.

    ", + "

    You can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 57 minutes.

    " + ], + "id": "train-495" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-theory-test", + "scenario": "I have been trying the practice questions for the theory exam, and I am worried that I am going to fail.", + "question": "What happens if I fail the theory exam?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. it\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.", + [] + ], + [ + "you have to book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Rebook your theory test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.

    ", + "

    You have to book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.

    ", + "

    You have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.

    " + ], + "id": "train-496" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-direct-access-scheme-motorcycle-instructor", + "scenario": "I have stared the preparation to become a driving instructor. I heard there are few books like \"The Highway Code\" I can refer for the preparation", + "question": "Where I can get the official DVSA publication books ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can buy them from most high street and online book shops", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Study the training guidance before you take the assessment.

    ", + "

    You should also study the following official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) publications:

    ", + "
  • The Highway Code
    • ", + "
  • Know your traffic signs
    • ", + "
  • Learning to Ride
    • ", + "
  • Riding - the Essential Skills
    • ", + "
  • Theory Test for Motorcyclists
    • ", + "

    You can buy them from most high street and online book shops.

    " + ], + "id": "train-497" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-direct-access-scheme-motorcycle-instructor", + "scenario": "I have a full license with zero penalty points for the last 8 years. I am 34 years old and got the license from Northern Ireland. I am considering to become a driving instructor", + "question": "What assessment do I have to pass ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a 2-day assessment at a dvsa training and development centre.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.

    ", + "

    To become a DAS certified instructor you must have a driving licence from either:

    ", + "
  • Great Britain or Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be 21 or over
    • ", + "
  • have had a full category A2 or A motorcycle licence for at least 3 years
    • ", + "
  • have passed the 2-day assessment to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.

    " + ], + "id": "train-498" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration-schemes-for-the-motor-trade", + "scenario": "My family runs a vehicle importing company and wishes to use non secure vehicle registration scheme . We want to fill out the right registration document .", + "question": "Which form are we supposed to fill out?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "form v55/4", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to complete form V55/4 and send it to DVLA Swansea, SA99 1BE with one of the following documents:

    ", + "
  • a valid \u2018CoC\u2019 (certificate of conformity)
    • ", + "
  • the correct vehicle type approval certificate
    • ", + "
  • a Vehicle Certification Agency certificate of British National Type Approval (goods vehicles and mutual recognition)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-499" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-a-fleet-driver-trainer", + "scenario": "I have recently become an approved driving instructor and have many years experience with vehicles of all types. I am a male of working age, solvent and keen to make a career as a fleet driver trainer.er.", + "question": "What qualifications are required to become a fleet driver trainer?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a training course accredited by dvsa", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to join the voluntary register of fleet driver trainers if you specialise in training fully qualified drivers of fleets of cars and vans.

    ", + "

    You must be an approved driving instructor to join the register.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to take a training course accredited by DVSA to qualify as a fleet driver trainer.

    ", + "

    You must join the register within 1 year of completing the course.

    " + ], + "id": "train-500" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-a-fleet-driver-trainer", + "scenario": "I am a qualified driving instructor in Manchester and I have taken the DVSA training course to become a fleet driver trainer. I am ready to get started.", + "question": "Now that I am qualified, what are the next steps.", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "join the register", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must join the register within 1 year of completing the course.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019ve qualified and joined the register:

    ", + "
  • your details will be given to people looking for fleet driver training
    • ", + "
  • you can advertise yourself as a \u2018Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency registered fleet driver trainer\u2019
    • ", + "

    Your registration as a fleet driver trainer will last for 4 years.

    ", + "

    You can send the form to DVSA if you\u2019ve already done an accredited training course. You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "

    Your registration will last for 4 years from when you join the register.

    " + ], + "id": "train-501" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/doctoral-loan", + "scenario": "I want to study a Phd. The course will be full-time study and will last five years. I am 27 years old, and I am a UK citizen who will spend 80% of their time in the UK over this period.", + "question": "Will I be eligible for a doctoral loan?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You will not be able to get a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve received or will receive Research Council funding (for example, studentships, stipends, scholarships and tuition fee support)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re already getting a social work bursary
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re already getting an Educational Psychology bursary and your course starts on or after 1 August 2020
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re eligible to apply for an NHS bursary (even if you\u2019re not receiving it)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re already getting payments from Student Finance England for another course that you\u2019re studying
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve received a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan before - unless you left your course due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason
    • ", + "
  • you already have a doctoral degree, or a qualification that\u2019s equivalent or higher
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re receiving a doctorate by publication
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re behind in repayments for any previous loans from the Student Loans Company
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A Postgraduate Doctoral Loan can help with course fees and living costs while you study a postgraduate doctoral course, such as a PhD.

    ", + "

    Whether you qualify depends on:

    ", + "
  • your course
    • ", + "
  • your age
    • ", + "
  • your nationality or residency status
    • ", + "

    You will not be able to get a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve received or will receive Research Council funding (for example, studentships, stipends, scholarships and tuition fee support)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re already getting a social work bursary
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re already getting an Educational Psychology bursary and your course starts on or after 1 August 2020
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re eligible to apply for an NHS bursary (even if you\u2019re not receiving it)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re already getting payments from Student Finance England for another course that you\u2019re studying
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve received a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan before - unless you left your course due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason
    • ", + "
  • you already have a doctoral degree, or a qualification that\u2019s equivalent or higher
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re receiving a doctorate by publication
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re behind in repayments for any previous loans from the Student Loans Company
    • ", + "

    It must:

    ", + "
  • be a full, standalone doctoral course (not a top-up course)
    • ", + "
  • have started on or after 1 August 2018
    • ", + "
  • last between 3 to 8 academic years
    • ", + "
  • be provided by a university in the UK with research degree awarding powers
    • ", + "

    If more than one university delivers your course and one is overseas, you\u2019ll still be eligible for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan so long as:

    ", + "
  • you spend at least 50% of your study time over the whole course in the UK
    • ", + "

    You must be under 60 on the first day of the first academic year of your course.

    ", + "

    You can apply for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK or Irish national or have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or indefinite leave to remain so there are no restrictions on how long you can stay
    • " + ], + "id": "train-502" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/doctoral-loan", + "scenario": "I am applying for a postgraduate loan in my second year. I did not apply for my first year. My course will started on the 20th September 2020. There are thee years of the course remaining.", + "question": "How much loan will I receive each year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a311,222", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get up to:

    ", + "

    If you apply after your first year

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan in any year of your course. But if you apply after your first year, you might not get the maximum amount.

    ", + "
  • \u00a311,222 each year if your course started between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021
    • " + ], + "id": "train-503" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-military-bereaved-children", + "scenario": "I am a widow and my late husband died during a war while serving in the British army in 1991. I receive war pension benefits. My daughter is attending for a full time Bachelor in Pharmacy at Bristol University.", + "question": "Can my daughter qualify for the scholarship?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re 16 or over and in full-time education
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for help with the costs of further and higher education if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • one of your parents died as a result of their service in the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • your parent died on or after 1 January 1990
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re 16 or over and in full-time education
    • ", + "
  • you or a surviving parent receive bereavement benefits from the Armed Forces Compensation scheme, War Pension scheme or Armed Forces Attributable Benefits scheme
    • ", + "

    You can use the money to pay tuition fees and your maintenance for:

    ", + "
  • a further education course of up to 3 years
    • ", + "
  • your first undergraduate course at a UK university or other higher education institution (such as a college or art school) - this can include study abroad if it\u2019s part of the course
    • " + ], + "id": "train-504" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-military-bereaved-children", + "scenario": "My father died when I was 5 years old. He was serving in the British Army.My mother is physically disabled and I want to apply for a scholarship for children whose parents died in service. It will help me to find my university studies.I don't understand some details in the forms.", + "question": "Whom should i contact?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "contact the veterans uk helpline", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact the Veterans UK helpline if you have any questions about the scholarships, for example what you need to do to apply or how to fill out the application form.

    " + ], + "id": "train-505" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-3-test", + "scenario": "I have passed the first two ADI 1 and 2 and am booked into my course for AD3. in these days of Coronavirus I am a bit nervous about what is required of me.", + "question": "What do i need to do regarding COVID-19?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you must clean the inside of your car before your test", + [] + ], + [ + "the car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test.", + [] + ], + [ + "you and your pupil must each bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Do not go to your driving test if you or your pupil:

    ", + "
  • have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms, or someone you live with has symptoms
    • ", + "
  • have been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19
    • ", + "
  • are self-isolating because you recently entered the UK
    • ", + "

    You and your pupil must each bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so. For example, because:

    ", + "

    Because of COVID-19 you must clean the inside of your car before your test.

    ", + "

    This means:

    ", + "
  • tidying any unnecessary items away from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats
    • ", + "
  • wiping down the dashboard and car controls
    • ", + "

    The examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.

    ", + "

    The car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.

    " + ], + "id": "train-506" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-3-test", + "scenario": "I have my ADI 3 test in a few days. I am very nervous and i can't remember what I need to bring. I have my paperwork.", + "question": "What else do I need to bring along on the day?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your uk driving licence", + [] + ], + [ + "a face covering, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to wear one", + [] + ], + [ + "a suitable car", + [] + ], + [ + "a pupil", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must bring:

    ", + "
  • your UK driving licence
    • ", + "
  • a face covering, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to wear one
    • ", + "
  • a suitable car
    • ", + "
  • a pupil
    • ", + "

    You should also bring a log of the training you\u2019ve been doing to qualify as an approved driving instructor (ADI).

    " + ], + "id": "train-507" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor", + "scenario": "My name is John and I have been riding motorcycles for 20 years. I am very proficient and safety conscious and want to pass on my skills.", + "question": "What do I need do to become an authorised instructor?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "take a 2-day assessment at a dvsa training and development centre", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) motorcycle instructor.

    ", + "

    CBT is a training course that most learner motorcycle and moped riders must take before riding on the road.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.

    ", + "

    The compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor assessment assesses your ability to:

    ", + "
  • train learner motorcyclists in the requirements of CBT
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be sent more information about how to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a DVSA assessed instructor.

    " + ], + "id": "train-508" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor", + "scenario": "I have filled in the forms and am ready for my assessment. I have studied the CBT course and read all the publication thoroughly.", + "question": "What documents do I need to bring to my assesment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your valid driving licence", + [] + ], + [ + "your cbt1 card if you have one", + [] + ], + [ + "confirmation of your great britain (gb) driver number", + [ + "

    If you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "a fully taxed, insured and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kw", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to bring:

    ", + "
  • your valid driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your CBT1 card if you have one
    • ", + "

    If you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.

    ", + "
  • a fully taxed, insured and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW
    • " + ], + "id": "train-509" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-recalls-and-faults", + "scenario": "I have bought a new car. I have found that there has been a recall on the vehicle due to it having faulty suspension. I needed to drive to work, so I drove it without getting it fixed. I have now been reported to the police.", + "question": "What punishment could I get for failing to get it fixed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for driving a vehicle in a dangerous condition.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019re legally responsible for making sure that your vehicle is:

    ", + "
  • kept in a safe condition
    • ", + "
  • safe to drive whenever you drive it
    • ", + "

    If you do not get your vehicle inspected and fixed, you could:

    ", + "
  • affect any insurance claim you make
    • ", + "
  • put yourself and others at serious risk
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for driving a vehicle in a dangerous condition.

    " + ], + "id": "train-510" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-recalls-and-faults", + "scenario": "I have come into possession of a new car. The electronic handbrake keeps releasing on its own. I have had to leave it on the flat. This is a major fault.", + "question": "Where do I report this kind of defect?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "report it to the manufacturer immediately", + [] + ], + [ + "tell the driver and vehicle standards agency (dvsa)", + [ + "

    Tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you\u2019re not happy with how the manufacturer is dealing with your report.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can report a serious safety defects with your vehicle or accessory if it could cause injury.

    ", + "

    If you find a serious defect that affects the safety of your vehicle, one of its parts, or an accessory, report it to the manufacturer immediately.

    ", + "

    Tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you\u2019re not happy with how the manufacturer is dealing with your report.

    ", + "

    A serious safety defect is something:

    ", + "
  • about the way the vehicle is designed or made that\u2019s likely to cause injury or death
    • ", + "
  • that happens suddenly and without warning
    • " + ], + "id": "train-511" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-standards-check", + "scenario": "I am a 28 year old from Bradford and I recently took my ADI standards check and failed by 3 points.", + "question": "Is there a time limit as to when I can resit the check?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-512" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-standards-check", + "scenario": "I am a 51 year old from Bolton and I have been removed from the ADI register after failing 3 standards checks due to health problems at the time. These have now been resolved.", + "question": "Do I need to retake my ADI test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have to take at least one ADI standards check during each 4-year period that you\u2019re registered as an ADI.

    ", + "

    If you fail the standards check

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have up to 2 more attempts to pass the standards check.

    ", + "

    If you fail 3 times:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be removed from the approved driving instructors (ADI) register
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll have to retake the ADI tests to join the ADI register again
    • " + ], + "id": "train-513" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration", + "scenario": "I recently bought a car. I received my V5c registration certificate today but noticed there are some mistakes on the certificate. I made the correction on V5C and send to DVLA", + "question": "How long does it take to get a replacement certificate ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "4 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you receive your registration certificate, it\u2019s your responsibility to check all the details are correct. If anything is incorrect, make the changes on the certificate and send it back to DVLA.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get the replacement certificate within 4 weeks.

    " + ], + "id": "train-514" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration", + "scenario": "I have been to Audi showroom and liked Audi A6 model. I have placed an order. Have not applied for the registration and taxing", + "question": "what is the cost of registering and taxing a new vehicle with DVLA ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a355", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As well as documents to prove your identity, you must also send:

    ", + "
  • the new registration fee of \u00a355, if you have to pay it
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay a fee of \u00a355 if you\u2019re registering and taxing a vehicle for the first time with DVLA.

    " + ], + "id": "train-515" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/1619-bursary-fund", + "scenario": "I am 20 years old. I will be going on an unpaid training course, and I am looking up ways to be able to fund my lifestyle.", + "question": "Are there any bursaries available for people of my age?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You could also get a bursary if you either:

    ", + "
  • are continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201919+ continuer\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re 19 and over

    ", + "

    You could also get a bursary if you either:

    ", + "
  • are continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201919+ continuer\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP)
    • ", + "

    You could get a discretionary bursary if you need financial help but do not qualify for a bursary for students in vulnerable groups. Your education or training provider decides how much you get and what it\u2019s used for.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re over 19, you\u2019ll only be eligible for a discretionary bursary.

    " + ], + "id": "train-516" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/1619-bursary-fund", + "scenario": "I am starting at a public school within the next two months. It has been mentioned that there are bursaries available for people of my age, 17. I appear to be eligible, but I am not sure.", + "question": "Where am I able to check my eligibility?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "ask student services about their criteria", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your school or college will have their own criteria for discretionary bursaries. They\u2019ll look at your individual circumstances - this usually includes your family income.

    ", + "

    Ask student services about their criteria and any evidence you\u2019ll need.

    ", + "

    Apply to your school, college or training provider. Ask student services or your tutor to explain what you need to do.

    " + ], + "id": "train-517" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/1619-bursary-fund", + "scenario": "I'm 17 years old with and receiving Disability Living Allowance for a chronic health condition. I'm studying at a publicly funded school, but struggling financially with the cost of books and equipment.", + "question": "Where do I apply for a bursary fund?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "apply to your school, college or training provider", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get a bursary to help with education-related costs if you\u2019re aged 16 to 19 and:

    ", + "
  • studying at a publicly funded school or college in England - not a university
    • ", + "

    Apply to your school, college or training provider. Ask student services or your tutor to explain what you need to do.

    " + ], + "id": "train-518" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/1619-bursary-fund", + "scenario": "I'm 19 and now resuming a course at a publicly funded school after a two year gap for my mental health as a 19+ continuer. I'm struggling with the cost of books for school and I have been offered a discretionary bursary from my school.", + "question": "Could the school stop the bursary if I break the school's rules?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get a discretionary bursary if you need financial help but do not qualify for a bursary for students in vulnerable groups. Your education or training provider decides how much you get and what it\u2019s used for.

    ", + "

    Your provider could stop payments if you break their rules, for example about attendance or how your bursary is used.

    " + ], + "id": "train-519" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-an-approved-tachograph-centre", + "scenario": "I have been approved to run a Tachograph in the past. The registration is about to expire. I want to renew my registration.", + "question": "What are the costs involved with renewing my registration?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3148", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3148 to renew your registration each year
    • " + ], + "id": "train-520" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-an-approved-tachograph-centre", + "scenario": "I am considering applying to setup an approved Tachograph centre. We are looking to recruit the correct people for the role.", + "question": "What are the requirement for the employees of an ATC?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can only employ \u2018nominated technicians\u2019 to carry out work at an approved tachograph centre (atc). they must be skilled technicians with experience working on tachographs.", + [] + ], + [ + "they must also have a driving licence for the relevant categories of vehicles they\u2019re testing", + [ + "

    If they need to road test vehicles, they must also have a driving licence for the relevant categories of vehicles they\u2019re testing.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "they\u2019ll also need to hold a \u2018certificate of competence\u2019 for each class of tachograph (digital, analogue or both) that they want to work on.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can only employ \u2018nominated technicians\u2019 to carry out work at an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC). They must be skilled technicians with experience working on tachographs.

    ", + "

    If they need to road test vehicles, they must also have a driving licence for the relevant categories of vehicles they\u2019re testing.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to hold a \u2018certificate of competence\u2019 for each class of tachograph (digital, analogue or both) that they want to work on.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll get this only after they\u2019ve successfully completed a DVSA-approved training course. You\u2019ll find details in the ATC manual.

    " + ], + "id": "train-521" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trainee-driving-instructor-licence-the-rules", + "scenario": "I am training as driving instructor. I recently got a speeding fine and am worried about my livelihood. I have heard I could be in trouble.", + "question": "Under what circumstances can my training license be taken away from me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you break any of the rules for having a trainee licence", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • be a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person
    • ", + "

    The ADI registrar can take your trainee licence away before it runs out if:

    ", + "
  • you break any of the rules for having a trainee licence
    • ", + "
  • the licence was issued by mistake or gained by fraud
    • ", + "
  • you fail 3 attempts at the ADI part 3 test
    • " + ], + "id": "train-522" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/traffic-commissioner", + "scenario": "I am starting haulage company and have recently bought some land to make a depot. I want to start operating but the council are refusing planning permission as i am not registered. I have been told to contact the Traffic Comissioners.", + "question": "In these circumstances what are Traffic Commissioners responsible for?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "traffic commissioners are responsible for licensing and regulating operators of heavy goods vehicles (hgvs), public service vehicles (psvs) and local bus services.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Traffic commissioners are responsible for licensing and regulating operators of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs), public service vehicles (PSVs) and local bus services. They can also take action against their drivers.

    ", + "

    They can call a formal public inquiry in a court to get more evidence to help them decide if they should:

    ", + "
  • grant or refuse licences for HGV or PSV operators
    • ", + "
  • take action against a vehicle operator, bus service operator or driver of a bus, minibus or lorry
    • ", + "

    This might be if someone has objected to a licence being granted or the traffic commissioner thinks an operator may have broken the terms of their licence.

    " + ], + "id": "train-523" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/traffic-commissioner", + "scenario": "I am a licensed haulier and have established my yard opposite a posh house. The owner is threatening to take me to a tribunal as he does't like being near a truck yard.", + "question": "Can I be taken to a tribual or inquiry by the Traffic Commissioner?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Traffic commissioners are responsible for licensing and regulating operators of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs), public service vehicles (PSVs) and local bus services. They can also take action against their drivers.

    ", + "

    They can call a formal public inquiry in a court to get more evidence to help them decide if they should:

    ", + "
  • grant or refuse licences for HGV or PSV operators
    • ", + "
  • take action against a vehicle operator, bus service operator or driver of a bus, minibus or lorry
    • ", + "

    This might be if someone has objected to a licence being granted or the traffic commissioner thinks an operator may have broken the terms of their licence.

    ", + "

    If a vehicle operator wants to add an operating centre to a licence or make changes to an existing centre, owners and residents of land nearby can object. This is called a \u2018representation\u2019.

    ", + "

    However, representations must be about environmental issues, such as concern over noise, and only if they\u2019re going to affect the owner or resident\u2019s \u2018use or enjoyment\u2019 of the land.

    ", + "

    You may have to attend a public inquiry if:

    ", + "
  • someone has objected to your application for a licence or change to a licence
    • ", + "
  • you have not kept to the conditions of your licence, for example you\u2019ve used more vehicles than permitted
    • ", + "
  • there are environmental concerns about a goods vehicle operating centre on your licence
    • " + ], + "id": "train-524" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-an-mot-station", + "scenario": "am a mechanic who owns a garage. I am not yet able to carry out MOT tests, and I am currently going about looking how to become one. I have equipment, but I am not sure if I have everything I need.", + "question": "Where can I find minimum standards for premises used for MOT testing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "in the mot testing guide", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to make sure that your equipment and premises are suitable for the vehicle classes you plan to test.

    ", + "

    You need to make sure your premises are suitable and testing bay sizes are correct for the vehicle classes you\u2019ll be testing. You can find the minimum standards in the MOT testing guide.

    ", + "

    Your premises will be given an approval in principle when you apply for authorised examiner (AE) status. This will help you avoid committing to expensive work or alterations before your premises are approved.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already got AE status and want to make changes to the test facilities, write to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you make any changes. Include supporting drawings, to show that the changes will not affect the testing station\u2019s approval.

    " + ], + "id": "train-525" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-an-mot-station", + "scenario": "I have just passed my MOT AE test. I have all of the correct equipment and the premises to carry out MOT tests. I am unsure as to the requirements I have to fulfill now.", + "question": "What are the expectations of an MOT authorised examiner after passing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "mot tests are properly conducted", + [] + ], + [ + "the test facilities and equipment are checked and well-maintained", + [] + ], + [ + "mot documents are correctly stored and access to electronic mot test systems is only given to eligible users", + [] + ], + [ + "the mot testers are assessed correctly and complete training and assessments", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need:

    ", + "
  • an authorised examiner (AE)
    • ", + "

    The AE is an individual, partnership or company authorised by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). The AE is responsible for making sure that:

    ", + "
  • MOT tests are properly conducted
    • ", + "
  • the test facilities and equipment are checked and well-maintained
    • ", + "
  • MOT documents are correctly stored and access to electronic MOT test systems is only given to eligible users
    • ", + "
  • the MOT testers are assessed correctly and complete training and assessments
    • ", + "
  • DVSA staff have access to the premises for checks on staff and equipment
    • ", + "
  • DVSA is informed about significant changes to the business within 7 working days
    • ", + "

    You need an authorised examiner (AE) to set up an MOT test station. The AE can be an individual, partnership or company.

    ", + "

    You must clearly and publicly display the MOT test fees and appeals poster (VT9A) in your station.

    ", + "

    You should conduct regular checks to make sure your MOT testing station meets the best practice standards at all times.

    " + ], + "id": "train-526" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan", + "scenario": "I am an American woman and was married to a British man, who passed away. I have been given right to indefinitely remain as a bereaved partner. I am 23 years old. I would like to undertake an A-level arts course.", + "question": "Will I be eligible to receive funding for this course?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Your course must be:

    ", + "
  • at an approved college or training provider in England
    • ", + "

    In most cases, all of the following must apply. You must:

    ", + "
  • have been living in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years before starting your course
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for an Advanced Learner Loan to help with the costs of a course at a college or training provider in England.

    ", + "

    Whether you qualify for an Advanced Learner Loan depends on your:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • course
    • ", + "
  • college or training provider
    • ", + "
  • nationality or residency status
    • ", + "

    You must be 19 or older on the first day of your course.

    ", + "

    Your course must be:

    ", + "
  • a Level 3, 4, 5 or 6 qualification, for example A Levels or graduate certificate
    • ", + "
  • at an approved college or training provider in England
    • ", + "

    In most cases, all of the following must apply. You must:

    ", + "
  • be living in the UK on the first day of your course
    • ", + "
  • be a UK national or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (this means there are no restrictions on how long you can stay)
    • ", + "
  • have been living in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years before starting your course
    • " + ], + "id": "train-527" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan", + "scenario": "I am a student who will be going to college. I appear to be eligible for the advanced learning, and would like to undertake three A-level courses.", + "question": "Can I apply for a loan for each course?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for an Advanced Learner Loan to help with the costs of a course at a college or training provider in England.

    ", + "

    Loan eligibility does not depend on your income and there are no credit checks.

    ", + "

    You can apply for up to 4 loans and you can get more than one at the same time.

    ", + "

    You can apply for another loan to take the same level of a course, for example the same level qualification in History if you\u2019ve already had a loan for the same level in Maths.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a loan to fund each course you take towards your A Levels - up to a maximum of 4 A Levels.

    ", + "

    This means you can have up to 8 loans if you\u2019re taking each A Level as 2 separate courses.

    " + ], + "id": "train-528" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-military-bereaved-children", + "scenario": "I am 18 years old, and I am a student at a college . This is a full-time education course. My father died on the 20th July 2021.", + "question": "Will I be eligible for any scholarship for the university?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • one of your parents died as a result of their service in the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • you or a surviving parent receive bereavement benefits from the Armed Forces Compensation scheme, War Pension scheme or Armed Forces Attributable Benefits scheme
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for help with the costs of further and higher education if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • one of your parents died as a result of their service in the armed forces
    • ", + "
  • your parent died on or after 1 January 1990
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re 16 or over and in full-time education
    • ", + "
  • you or a surviving parent receive bereavement benefits from the Armed Forces Compensation scheme, War Pension scheme or Armed Forces Attributable Benefits scheme
    • ", + "

    You can use the money to pay tuition fees and your maintenance for:

    ", + "
  • your first undergraduate course at a UK university or other higher education institution (such as a college or art school) - this can include study abroad if it\u2019s part of the course
    • " + ], + "id": "train-529" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-military-bereaved-children", + "scenario": "My parent died and I have been offered a scholarship for my undergraduate university course. I do not know how much I will receive. I am from England.", + "question": "What scholarship amount should I be expecting to receive?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a39,250 for tuition fees and \u00a34,950 for a maintenance grant", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use the money to pay tuition fees and your maintenance for:

    ", + "
  • your first undergraduate course at a UK university or other higher education institution (such as a college or art school) - this can include study abroad if it\u2019s part of the course
    • ", + "
  • a higher level technical education course at qualification levels 4, 5 or 6
    • ", + "

    In the 2018 to 2019 academic year you can apply for up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a39,250 for tuition fees and \u00a34,950 for a Maintenance Grant for a higher education or higher level technical education course
    • " + ], + "id": "train-530" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-against-a-penalty-charge-notice", + "scenario": "My sister has been served with a notice of rejection. She was charged with a penalty fine after breaking the traffic rules while during in london city.", + "question": "Who should she appeal to?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "london tribunals", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to appeal to an independent tribunal against a penalty charge notice (PCN) if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    You then have 28 days to appeal after you get a \u2018notice of rejection\u2019 to say your formal challenge has failed.

    ", + "

    Find out how to appeal to:

    ", + "
  • London Tribunals if your PCN was issued in London
    • " + ], + "id": "train-531" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-against-a-penalty-charge-notice", + "scenario": "My neighbor was issued with a penalty charge notice and paid immediately. Two days later the bailiffs were sent to her house for the penalty recovery.", + "question": "What proof of payment can she show the bailiffs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a credit card statement", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have 21 days to pay the penalty charge notice (PCN) or challenge a court order demanding payment (known as an \u2018order of recovery\u2019).

    ", + "

    Bailiffs (\u2018enforcement agents\u2019) will be told to visit your home to collect what you owe if you don\u2019t pay or challenge within 21 days.

    ", + "

    You can challenge an order of recovery if you:

    ", + "
  • have proof you\u2019ve paid the penalty charge, such as a credit card statement
    • " + ], + "id": "train-532" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adult-dependants-grant", + "scenario": "I am 23 years old full time student at a UK university. My only surviving parent has been diagnosed with glaucoma. She needs care and support. I don't have a student finance loan.", + "question": "Can i qualify for the Adults dependant loan?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You\u2019re not eligible if the adult dependant is:

    ", + "
  • a relative who earns more than \u00a33,796 a year
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a full-time student in higher education and an adult depends on you financially, you can apply for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant of up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year
    • ", + "

    You cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.

    ", + "

    Usually the adult dependant will be:

    ", + "
  • a relative, such as a parent or grandparent
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible if the adult dependant is:

    ", + "
  • a relative who earns more than \u00a33,796 a year
    • " + ], + "id": "train-533" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adult-dependants-grant", + "scenario": "My niece is pursuing her studies in a UK university. She qualifies for a adult dependants' loan .She wishes to apply it in this coming 2021-2022 academic year.", + "question": "How much will she get?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a33,190", + [ + "

    The amount you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • your income
    • ", + "
  • the adult dependant\u2019s income
    • ", + "
  • your personal circumstances, for example if you\u2019re married or have children
    • ", + "
  • what other grants you\u2019re receiving, for example Childcare Grant
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year
    • ", + "

    The maximum Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant is:

    ", + "

    The amount you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • your income
    • ", + "
  • the adult dependant\u2019s income
    • ", + "
  • your personal circumstances, for example if you\u2019re married or have children
    • ", + "
  • what other grants you\u2019re receiving, for example Childcare Grant
    • " + ], + "id": "train-534" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/boatmasters-licence", + "scenario": "I have been operating with a Boatmasters' license for a year now. A few days ago after a chaotic day at work I realized that I had misplaced my document.", + "question": "How much does it cost for a replacement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a323", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Replacing your licence

    ", + "

    Download the application form for a replacement boatmasters\u2019 licence.

    ", + "

    Replacing your licence costs \u00a323.

    " + ], + "id": "train-535" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/boatmasters-licence", + "scenario": "I am interested in applying for a Boatmasters' license. I have relevant work experience in the field working on water vessels for newly a decade now.", + "question": "Will my relevant work experience records help with my application?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-536" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driver-cpc-training", + "scenario": "I was contacted by a family friend, requesting for me to drive for his company. I would be driving employees to business meetings and such. I do not have my professional competence qualification yet but I am working on getting it soon. He insists that I begin driving before I have completed my training. Apparently as long as I have enrolled into training I am allowed to drive professionally.", + "question": "How much could I get fined for driving for his company before having completed my training?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to \u00a31,000", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must do 35 hours of periodic training every 5 years to keep your Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) to drive a lorry, bus or coach.

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving professionally without Driver CPC.

    ", + "

    If you miss your deadline, you cannot drive professionally until you\u2019ve finished your training.

    " + ], + "id": "train-537" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driver-cpc-training", + "scenario": "I completed my Driver Certificate of Professional competence qualification around 2 months ago. I passed with no problems and was told my Driver CPC card would be mailed to my address. It has been over a month since then and I have not received my card.", + "question": "What institution should I contact about this issue?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the driver and vehicle standards agency (dvsa)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you do not receive your new card within 20 days of the date you\u2019re due to get it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-538" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-a-fleet-driver-trainer", + "scenario": "My brother is an Approved driving instructor . He wants to change his job and become a registered fleet driver trainer.", + "question": "How much is the registration fee?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3120", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must be an approved driving instructor to join the register.

    ", + "

    You can send the form to DVSA if you\u2019ve already done an accredited training course. You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • the registration fee of \u00a3120
    • " + ], + "id": "train-539" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-a-fleet-driver-trainer", + "scenario": "My father is a fleet driver trainer and has failed his ADI standard checks.He is worried that it will affect his work as an instructor.", + "question": "Can he be removed from the fleet driver trainers register?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll be removed from both the ADI register and the register of fleet drivers if you:

    ", + "
  • fail the standards check
    • " + ], + "id": "train-540" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-1-test", + "scenario": "I will be undertaking a driving instructor test. I have been given additional on academic tests in the past due to my reading difficulties. I know that extra time can be given for the instructor test.", + "question": "What do I have to send in to prove I have reading difficulties?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "an email or letter", + [ + "

    To do this, you must send proof to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) that you have a reading difficulty. The proof could be an email or letter from a:

    ", + "
  • teacher or other educational professional
    • ", + "
  • doctor or medical professional
    • ", + "
  • an occupational therapist
    • ", + "
  • an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you book your test you should say if you have a reading difficulty.

    ", + "

    You can then ask for an English voiceover. This lets you hear the test instructions and questions through headphones.

    ", + "

    You can ask for more time to do the multiple-choice questions part of the test.

    ", + "

    To do this, you must send proof to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) that you have a reading difficulty. The proof could be an email or letter from a:

    ", + "
  • teacher or other educational professional
    • ", + "
  • doctor or medical professional
    • ", + "
  • an occupational therapist
    • ", + "
  • an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association
    • " + ], + "id": "train-541" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-1-test", + "scenario": "I took a driving instructor test. I received a letter at the test centre showing that I failed. I have been told that I will need to rebook a test. I would like to retake it as soon as possible because I was close to passing.", + "question": "When can I retake my instructor test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 3 working days after your last test", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Rebook your ADI part 1 test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days after your last test.

    ", + "

    If you fail

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.

    ", + "

    You must book and take the full test again.

    ", + "

    You have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.

    " + ], + "id": "train-542" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-against-a-penalty-charge-notice", + "scenario": "I received a fixed penalty notice for obstruction. However, when I parked my car I was on the same side of the road as everyone else. When I returned the cars were now parking on the other side. The PCN is now due. I tried making a formal challenge but this was rejected", + "question": "What can I do?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you may be able to appeal to an independent tribunal", + [ + "

    You then have 28 days to appeal after you get a \u2018notice of rejection\u2019 to say your formal challenge has failed.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to appeal to an independent tribunal against a penalty charge notice (PCN) if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if you\u2019ve already tried making making a formal challenge (\u2018representation\u2019).

    ", + "

    This includes any PCN issued in England or Wales for:

    ", + "
  • parking
    • ", + "

    You then have 28 days to appeal after you get a \u2018notice of rejection\u2019 to say your formal challenge has failed.

    " + ], + "id": "train-543" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-against-a-penalty-charge-notice", + "scenario": "I was caught by a speed camera and got a fixed penalty notice. These people are thieves. I appealed but it was rejected.", + "question": "What is the worst that can happen if I don't pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you\u2019ll get a \u2018charge certificate\u2019 and you\u2019ll have to pay 50% more within 14 days.", + [] + ], + [ + "you\u2019ll get a court order demanding payment if you don\u2019t pay a charge certificate within 14 days.", + [] + ], + [ + "bailiffs (\u2018enforcement agents\u2019) will be told to visit your home to collect what you owe if you don\u2019t pay or challenge within 21 days.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have 28 days to pay the penalty charge notice (PCN) if your appeal is refused.

    ", + "

    If you don\u2019t pay within 28 days

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018charge certificate\u2019 and you\u2019ll have to pay 50% more within 14 days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a court order demanding payment if you don\u2019t pay a charge certificate within 14 days.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have 21 days to pay the penalty charge notice (PCN) or challenge a court order demanding payment (known as an \u2018order of recovery\u2019).

    ", + "

    Bailiffs (\u2018enforcement agents\u2019) will be told to visit your home to collect what you owe if you don\u2019t pay or challenge within 21 days.

    " + ], + "id": "train-544" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/traffic-commissioner", + "scenario": "I am the operator of a HGV. I have been told that I have broken the terms of my licence by the Traffic Commissioner. The licence has been revoked. I am not happy about the decision.", + "question": "What do I do to go about appealing this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can appeal to the upper tribunal against a traffic commissioner decision (form ut12)", + [ + "

    You must send the form to the tribunal within 1 month of the traffic commissioner\u2019s written decision. The address is on the form.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The traffic commissioner can decide to:

    ", + "
  • end or suspend an existing licence
    • ", + "

    You can appeal against the decision.

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Upper Tribunal against a traffic commissioner decision (form UT12).

    ", + "

    You must send the form to the tribunal within 1 month of the traffic commissioner\u2019s written decision. The address is on the form.

    " + ], + "id": "train-545" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/traffic-commissioner", + "scenario": "A licence application has been made by an operator of a PSV. I own land nearby and do not approve of this due to the noise it would make.", + "question": "Am I able to raise the issue and have the licence refused?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Traffic commissioners are responsible for licensing and regulating operators of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs), public service vehicles (PSVs) and local bus services. They can also take action against their drivers.

    ", + "

    They can call a formal public inquiry in a court to get more evidence to help them decide if they should:

    ", + "
  • grant or refuse licences for HGV or PSV operators
    • ", + "

    This might be if someone has objected to a licence being granted or the traffic commissioner thinks an operator may have broken the terms of their licence.

    ", + "

    If a vehicle operator wants to add an operating centre to a licence or make changes to an existing centre, owners and residents of land nearby can object. This is called a \u2018representation\u2019.

    ", + "

    However, representations must be about environmental issues, such as concern over noise, and only if they\u2019re going to affect the owner or resident\u2019s \u2018use or enjoyment\u2019 of the land.

    " + ], + "id": "train-546" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dvsa-enhanced-rider-scheme-trainer", + "scenario": "My uncle has a great passion for Motorcycles. He has been aspiring to become a DVSA rider scheme trainer. He has failed all the 3 theory test attempts.", + "question": "How long should he wait inorder to retake it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "12 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can book your instructor theory test when the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) has accepted your application to join the register.

    ", + "

    There are 2 parts to the test - multiple-choice questions and hazard perception. You have to pass both parts.

    ", + "

    You have 3 attempts to pass the test. If you fail the third attempt, you have to wait 12 months before you can take it again.

    " + ], + "id": "train-547" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dvsa-enhanced-rider-scheme-trainer", + "scenario": "I am qualified DVSA rider scheme instructor and I lost my riders log book among other documents during a fire outbreak in my house.", + "question": "Can i contact DVSA to get copies of my documents?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you lose your documents

    ", + "

    Contact DVSA to get the documents sent again.

    " + ], + "id": "train-548" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/doctoral-loan", + "scenario": "I live in England and I am doing a 3 year Ph.D in Computer Science. I heard of Doctoral Loans but didn't apply in the first year and planning to apply from second year. I started the course on 10 Aug 2020", + "question": "How much loan I can get each year ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a311,222", + [ + "

    You must be under 60 on the first day of the first academic year of your course.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A Postgraduate Doctoral Loan can help with course fees and living costs while you study a postgraduate doctoral course, such as a PhD.

    ", + "

    You can get up to:

    ", + "

    If you apply after your first year

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan in any year of your course. But if you apply after your first year, you might not get the maximum amount.

    ", + "
  • \u00a311,222 each year if your course started between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021
    • ", + "

    Whether you qualify depends on:

    ", + "
  • your course
    • ", + "
  • your age
    • ", + "
  • your nationality or residency status
    • ", + "

    It must:

    ", + "
  • be a full, standalone doctoral course (not a top-up course)
    • ", + "
  • have started on or after 1 August 2018
    • ", + "
  • last between 3 to 8 academic years
    • ", + "
  • be provided by a university in the UK with research degree awarding powers
    • ", + "

    Examples of postgraduate doctoral qualifications include:

    ", + "
  • PhD / DPhil (Doctor of Philosophy)
    • ", + "

    You must be under 60 on the first day of the first academic year of your course.

    ", + "

    You can apply for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK or Irish national or have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or indefinite leave to remain so there are no restrictions on how long you can stay
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in England
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday
    • " + ], + "id": "train-549" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/doctoral-loan", + "scenario": "I am currently doing a Ph.D in cyber security. I live in England for the last 4 years and on a dependant visa of my husband so we don't have a settlement status yet.", + "question": "Can I apply for a Doctoral Loan ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Whether you qualify depends on:

    ", + "
  • your course
    • ", + "
  • your age
    • ", + "
  • your nationality or residency status
    • ", + "

    You can apply for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK or Irish national or have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or indefinite leave to remain so there are no restrictions on how long you can stay
    • ", + "
  • you normally live in England
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday
    • ", + "

    You could also be eligible if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, or a family member of one with settled or pre-settled status
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.

    ", + "

    You could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:

    ", + "
  • 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-550" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employing-an-apprentice", + "scenario": "I am a 41 year old from Salford and after substantial growth in my company I am looking to hire an apprentice for 1 year.", + "question": "Is there a minimum contract for apprentices?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "12 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Apprenticeships must last for at least a year. They can last up to 5 years depending on the level the apprentice is studying.

    ", + "

    Apprentices must work towards an approved apprenticeship. Their training must last at least 12 months.

    " + ], + "id": "train-551" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employing-an-apprentice", + "scenario": "I am a 34 year old from Liverpool and I am looking to give my apprentice' a pay rise following a successful year.", + "question": "Will I still receive funding if I raise pay for the apprentices?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must pay the apprentice at least the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    You can get help from the government:

    ", + "
  • to pay for apprenticeship training and assessment
    • ", + "
  • as an incentive payment for other costs
    • ", + "

    The amount you get depends on whether you pay the apprenticeship levy or not. You pay the levy if you\u2019re an employer with a pay bill over \u00a33 million each year.

    ", + "

    If you do not need to pay the levy

    ", + "

    You pay 5% towards the cost of training and assessing your apprentice. You need to:

    ", + "
  • agree a payment schedule with the training provider
    • ", + "
  • pay them directly for the training
    • ", + "

    The government will pay the rest (95%) up to the funding band maximum. They\u2019ll pay it directly to the training provider.

    ", + "

    You must pay apprentices at least the National Minimum Wage.

    " + ], + "id": "train-552" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/psv-operator-licences", + "scenario": "I applied for a standard PSV license around 3 weeks ago. I have been out for work for a while now and would like to begin working as soon as possible using my license. I have payed all necessary fees.", + "question": "Can I begin working before I have been issues my license?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need a public service vehicle (PSV) operator\u2019s licence to:

    ", + "
  • operate a vehicle for hire or reward (payment or payment in kind) that can carry 9 or more passengers
    • ", + "
  • operate a smaller vehicle carrying passengers and charging separate fares for the journey
    • ", + "

    You can apply for a PSV operator\u2019s licence online. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 7 weeks.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to operate a vehicle before your licence has been issued.

    " + ], + "id": "train-553" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/psv-operator-licences", + "scenario": "I have been operating as a sole public service driver for the past year. Some other drivers in my position and I recently decided to merge into a limited company.", + "question": "Do we need to notify the Traffic Commissioner about the change?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell the Traffic Commissioner within 28 days if:

    ", + "
  • there\u2019s any change in the trading name of the business
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to tell the Traffic Commissioner if there\u2019s been a change in the \u2018legal entity\u2019 of your business, for example if:

    ", + "
  • your company changes from being a sole trader or partnership to a limited company
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s been a change in your registered company number
    • " + ], + "id": "train-554" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/psv-operator-licences", + "scenario": "I want to operate a PSV that can carry 10 passengers and I have applied for a PSV license. Very curious to operate the vehicle", + "question": "How long does it take to get a decision on PSV license ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 7 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need a public service vehicle (PSV) operator\u2019s licence to:

    ", + "
  • operate a vehicle for hire or reward (payment or payment in kind) that can carry 9 or more passengers
    • ", + "

    You can apply for a PSV operator\u2019s licence online. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 7 weeks.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to operate a vehicle before your licence has been issued.

    " + ], + "id": "train-555" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/psv-operator-licences", + "scenario": "I have recently decided to apply for a standard license for national operations. Currently I am tight on funds so I have to plan for the application feesStandard licence", + "question": "what is the application fee for a standard licence ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3209", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Type of licence | Fees", + "Application for a standard licence | \u00a3209" + ], + "id": "train-556" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-test", + "scenario": "My Uncle is an experienced driver and passed the driving test with a semi-automatic car. He has moved to the countryside and the only available car to take my father to the hospital is a manual.", + "question": "Is he allowed to drive a manual car with an automatic driving licence?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you take your test in a semi-automatic car you\u2019ll only be able to drive automatic and semi-automatic cars once you\u2019ve passed your test.

    " + ], + "id": "train-557" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-test", + "scenario": "I own a 4 wheel drive car. It is fully registered, taxed and insured. It can go at 70mph speed and has a current MOT.I am afraid of contracting the covid virus during driving test from instructor's car.", + "question": "Can I use my own car for my driving test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Your car must:

    ", + "
  • have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light
    • ", + "
  • have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted
    • ", + "
  • be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test
    • ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.

    ", + "

    The car must have:

    ", + "
  • an extra interior rear-view mirror for the examiner
    • ", + "
  • L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear
    • ", + "
  • a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can take your driving test in your own car rather than your driving instructor\u2019s if it meets certain rules.

    ", + "

    Your car must:

    ", + "
  • be taxed
    • ", + "
  • be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)
    • ", + "
  • be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)
    • ", + "
  • have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light
    • ", + "
  • have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted
    • ", + "
  • be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test
    • ", + "
  • be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer
    • ", + "
  • have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg
    • ", + "

    Because of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.

    ", + "

    The car must have:

    ", + "
  • an extra interior rear-view mirror for the examiner
    • ", + "
  • L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear
    • ", + "
  • a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-558" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan", + "scenario": "My 19 years sister is a UK citizen . She wants to apply for an Advanced learners loan. She will be joining Birmingham University for her Bachelor of Arts. Unfortunately her passport has expired .", + "question": "Can she use her birth certificate to apply?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for an Advanced Learner Loan to help with the costs of a course at a college or training provider in England.

    ", + "

    You must be 19 or older on the first day of your course.

    ", + "

    In most cases, all of the following must apply. You must:

    ", + "
  • be living in the UK on the first day of your course
    • ", + "
  • be a UK national or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (this means there are no restrictions on how long you can stay)
    • ", + "
  • have been living in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years before starting your course
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a UK national, include your UK passport details in your application as proof of identity. If you forget, use the \u2018UK passport details form\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.

    " + ], + "id": "train-559" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan", + "scenario": "My niece is a UK citizen and doing apprenticeship masters in Engineering in Bath university. She would like to apply for a bursary fund to cater for her course work.", + "question": "Can she apply for a bursary fund?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for an Advanced Learner Loan to help with the costs of a course at a college or training provider in England.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible for money from the Advanced Learner Loan Bursary Fund if you need help with some costs while studying, for example childcare, travel or trips related to your course.

    ", + "

    Whether you qualify for an Advanced Learner Loan depends on your:

    ", + "
  • age
    • ", + "
  • course
    • ", + "
  • college or training provider
    • ", + "
  • nationality or residency status
    • ", + "

    You must be 19 or older on the first day of your course.

    ", + "

    Your course must be:

    ", + "
  • a Level 3, 4, 5 or 6 qualification, for example A Levels or graduate certificate
    • ", + "
  • at an approved college or training provider in England
    • ", + "

    In most cases, all of the following must apply. You must:

    ", + "
  • be living in the UK on the first day of your course
    • ", + "
  • be a UK national or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (this means there are no restrictions on how long you can stay)
    • ", + "
  • have been living in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years before starting your course
    • ", + "

    You may apply to get money from the Loan Bursary Fund after you\u2019ve received a letter approving your Advanced Learner Loan.

    ", + "

    The money can help pay for things like:

    ", + "
  • course materials and equipment
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • getting student finance for higher education
    • ", + "
  • on an apprenticeship training scheme
    • " + ], + "id": "train-560" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drivers-hours", + "scenario": "I own a goods vehicle and my vehicle weight is 3.8 tonnes and I drive within European Union. Not sure which rules to follow", + "question": "Will my vehicle falls under EU rules or GB domestic rules ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "eu rules", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you drive a goods vehicle or a passenger-carrying vehicle you must follow the rules on how many hours you can drive and the breaks that you need to take.

    ", + "

    There are 3 sets of rules that could apply to your journey:

    ", + "
  • EU rules
    • ", + "
  • GB domestic rules
    • ", + "

    The rules that apply depend on:

    ", + "
  • the type of vehicle you\u2019re driving
    • ", + "
  • which country you\u2019re driving in
    • ", + "

    The rules that apply to goods vehicles depend on the weight of your vehicle, the country you\u2019re driving in and what you\u2019re using the vehicle for.

    ", + "

    EU rules apply if the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is more than 3.5 tonnes and you\u2019re driving in any of the following:

    ", + "
  • the EU (including the UK)
    • ", + "

    GB domestic rules apply if both the following are true:

    ", + "
  • the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is under 3.5 tonnes
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle is exempt from EU rules when driven in the UK
    • " + ], + "id": "train-561" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drivers-hours", + "scenario": "We are a super market chain and employ lot of drivers to drive our goods vehicles. We been maintaining drivers\u2019 hours records for 5 years.", + "question": "How long we should keep drivers\u2019 hours records ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least one year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you employ drivers or other mobile workers, you must:

    ", + "
  • keep drivers\u2019 hours records for at least one year
    • " + ], + "id": "train-562" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/manage-approved-driving-instructor-registration", + "scenario": "I have been and ADI for some years. I have not renewed my license for some time and can't remember what to do.", + "question": "What are the requirements for renewing my license?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you must renew your registration every 4 years.", + [] + ], + [ + "you can renew your registration in the month it expires. if your registration has already run out, you can re-register within 12 months of the expiry date.", + [] + ], + [ + "if your adi registration ran out more than 12 months ago, you need to reapply to become a driving instructor.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must renew your registration every 4 years.

    ", + "

    You can renew your registration in the month it expires. If your registration has already run out, you can re-register within 12 months of the expiry date.

    ", + "

    If your ADI registration ran out more than 12 months ago, you need to reapply to become a driving instructor.

    " + ], + "id": "train-563" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/manage-approved-driving-instructor-registration", + "scenario": "My name is Ricky. I am an approved driving instructor and unfortunately I have been in trouble with the police. I'd rather not say what, but I think i need to speak to somebody.", + "question": "What do I need to do if I have been in trouble with the police?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you must tell the driver and vehicle standards agency (dvsa) in writing within 7 days if you get any caution or conviction.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) in writing within 7 days if you get any caution or conviction. This includes:

    ", + "
  • being \u2018bound over\u2019
    • ", + "
  • having your name entered in the sex offenders\u2019 register
    • ", + "
  • being banned from working with children
    • " + ], + "id": "train-564" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employing-an-apprentice", + "scenario": "I am the owner of an electrician business that currently employs some apprentices. Due to downturns in our revenue, we are considering making some apprentices redundant.", + "question": "What is the process for making an apprentice redundant?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "follow the process for making staff redundant", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Apprentices have the same employment rights as your other employees. Follow the process for making staff redundant if you have to make an apprentice redundant.

    ", + "

    Your apprentice can get support if they\u2019re being made redundant or are at risk of redundancy.

    ", + "

    They can get:

    ", + "
  • financial and legal advice
    • ", + "
  • support for their health and wellbeing
    • ", + "
  • help finding another apprenticeship
    • " + ], + "id": "train-565" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employing-an-apprentice", + "scenario": "I am an 18 year old man, who is looking to undertake an apprenticeship. I have been offered \u00a33.50 per hour and have been told this is what I should expect. This seems very low.", + "question": "What are the minimum wages should I expect as an apprentice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a34.30 per hour", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Aged 16 to 18

    ", + "

    The current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.

    " + ], + "id": "train-566" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drivers-hours", + "scenario": "have been driving a Passenger-carrying vehicles for the last two years. I accidentally went 30 minutes over my driving hours yesterday and the DVLA found out", + "question": "Will I be prosecuted for minor offences?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you break the drivers\u2019 hours rules, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) can give you:

    ", + "
  • a verbal warning, for minor offences made by accident or because of inexperience
    • " + ], + "id": "train-567" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drivers-hours", + "scenario": "I am a goods vehicles driver. I drive within GB under GB rules and I am employed as a driver by an employer. Recently had a feeling that I am driving more than the legal hours and want to verify", + "question": "What is the maximum hours I can drive on a public road ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "10 hours", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The rules that apply depend on:

    ", + "
  • the type of vehicle you\u2019re driving
    • ", + "
  • which country you\u2019re driving in
    • ", + "

    If you drive under the EU or GB domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules, you also need to follow the working time rules.

    ", + "

    Daily driving limit

    ", + "

    You must not drive for more than 10 hours in a day:

    ", + "
  • on a public road
    • " + ], + "id": "train-568" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad", + "scenario": "I'm 18 and got my UK driving licence 6 months ago. I would like to holiday in France, where I will be driving from the euro tunnel, down to the south of France.", + "question": "Do I need an IDP?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. Check if you need an IDP.

    ", + "

    You may need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. The permit you may need depends on:

    ", + "
  • which country you\u2019re visiting
    • ", + "
  • how long you\u2019re staying
    • ", + "

    Check the table to find out if you need an IDP. There are 3 types of IDP:

    ", + "Country or territory | Type of IDP | More information", + "France | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the French Embassy." + ], + "id": "train-569" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad", + "scenario": "I am 78 years old and a UK expat living in the Netherlands for the past 10 years. My UK drivers licence has expired.", + "question": "Can I use an IDP to drive in the UK on holiday as I have not lived in the UK for the last 10 years? My UK licence has expired", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to take your Great Britain or Northern Ireland driving licence with you to drive abroad. Check yours is still valid and renew your driving licence online if it\u2019s expired or about to expire. You\u2019ll need to apply to renew your licence at least a week before you travel.

    ", + "

    Do not apply for an IDP if you\u2019re moving abroad. You\u2019ll need to either exchange your UK licence or apply for a new one in the country you\u2019re moving to.

    ", + "

    You need to have a valid Great Britain (GB) or Northern Ireland driving licence to get an IDP.

    " + ], + "id": "train-570" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-run-motorcycle-approved-training-body-atb", + "scenario": "I am planning to set-up a motorcycle approved training body. I was recently convicted of a motor offence and disqualified for 3 months of driving", + "question": "Will I qualify for setting up a motorcycle ATB ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must meet certain rules to be an approved training body (ATB).

    ", + "

    You must be a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person to run the ATB.

    ", + "

    When deciding if you\u2019re a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person, DVSA will look at if you have:

    ", + "
  • had any convictions in the last 4 years
    • ", + "
  • any motoring convictions
    • ", + "
  • been disqualified from driving
    • ", + "
  • any penalty points on your licence
    • ", + "
  • any court proceedings pending against you
    • " + ], + "id": "train-571" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-run-motorcycle-approved-training-body-atb", + "scenario": "I have a DVSA approved site for practical training and riding elements of the compulsory basic training (CBT) course. Recently we have shut down the site for some financial reasons.", + "question": "Do we have to inform DVSA about the decision to stop using the CBT site ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell DVSA straight away if you stop using a site for CBT.

    ", + "

    You can email DVSA - you\u2019ll need to include your approved training body number and the site\u2019s unique code.

    " + ], + "id": "train-572" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/run-local-bus-service", + "scenario": "Our school bus only offers bus transport services to the teachers.students and pupils. It doesn't carry any other passengers ,", + "question": "Do we need to register it with local council?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A local bus service uses public service vehicles (PSVs) to carry passengers who pay separate fares over short distances.

    ", + "

    You must usually register with the local authority and the local traffic commissioner if you\u2019re operating a local service outside London - there are some exceptions.

    ", + "

    You need a London Service Permit to run a service in London.

    ", + "

    School or college bus services

    ", + "

    If you operate a bus service provided by a local education authority in England or Wales, you may not have to register it.

    ", + "

    You do not need to register a service if the only passengers who pay fares are either:

    ", + "
  • studying at a school or college
    • ", + "
  • supervising pupils or students
    • ", + "
  • teachers or assistants working at the school or college
    • " + ], + "id": "train-573" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/run-local-bus-service", + "scenario": "My family owns a transport company and would wish to register local bus services to expand our business. It will be available to the public and offers reasonable fares.", + "question": "How much does it cost to register local bus services?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a360", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It costs:

    ", + "
  • \u00a360 to register a local bus service
    • " + ], + "id": "train-574" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-standards-check", + "scenario": "I applied for driving instructor (ADI) standards check assessment. Now I have received a letter from DVSA to book ADI standards check.", + "question": "What information I need to book ADI standards check ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "driving licence number", + [] + ], + [ + "adi personal reference number", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter from DVSA when you need to book your approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your:

    ", + "
  • driving licence number
    • ", + "
  • ADI personal reference number
    • " + ], + "id": "train-575" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-standards-check", + "scenario": "I booked my approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check and took the assessment. Unfortunately I failed the standard check", + "question": "How many more attempts I have to pass the standards check ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 2 more attempts", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have up to 2 more attempts to pass the standards check.

    ", + "

    If you fail 3 times:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be removed from the approved driving instructors (ADI) register
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll have to retake the ADI tests to join the ADI register again
    • " + ], + "id": "train-576" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/training-study-work-your-rights", + "scenario": "I am 22 years old. I am an accountant who wants to undergo additional training. I have been refused my request based on the notion that training would not benefit the business. I appealed, but was again refused.", + "question": "Can I take this appeal any further?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If an employee isn\u2019t satisfied with the result of an appeal they can phone Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) for help and advice or raise a grievance.

    " + ], + "id": "train-577" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/training-study-work-your-rights", + "scenario": "I have an employee who has requested time off for training. According to the criteria, they do qualify for the right to ask. I have agreed that he can have the time off for training, but have been told that I will have to contribute to the training.", + "question": "Do I, the employer, have to pay towards the training?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Staff may have the right to ask for time off work for training or study.

    ", + "

    Time off is usually unpaid unless the employer agrees to pay it.

    ", + "

    The employer doesn\u2019t have to pay for the training or study. They can choose to pay all or part of the fees if they think it will benefit the business.

    " + ], + "id": "train-578" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "scenario": "We have been having an employee in our company who has been diagnosed with breast cancer.she has been put on long term chemotherapy treatment. She shows no signs of recovery.", + "question": "Can we dismiss her from work?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must have a valid reason for dismissing an employee. Valid reasons include:

    ", + "
  • their capability or conduct
    • ", + "
  • something that prevents them from legally being able to do their job, for example a driver losing their driving licence
    • ", + "

    Sometimes an employee may have to stop working because of long-term ill health. They may resign, or you may have to consider dismissing them.

    ", + "

    If the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.

    " + ], + "id": "train-579" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "scenario": "We would like to dismiss two of our employees without notice due to gross misconduct.We want them to leave immediately for the best interest of our company.", + "question": "Do we have to give them pay in lieu of notice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    Tribunals may rule a summary dismissal as \u2018procedurally unfair\u2019 - you can only suspend someone without pay if their contract says you can do this. If it does not, you should suspend the employee on full pay and investigate the circumstances.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    This is when you dismiss someone instantly without notice or pay in lieu of notice, usually because of gross misconduct (for example theft, fraud, violence).

    ", + "

    Tribunals may rule a summary dismissal as \u2018procedurally unfair\u2019 - you can only suspend someone without pay if their contract says you can do this. If it does not, you should suspend the employee on full pay and investigate the circumstances.

    ", + "

    If you feel summary dismissal\u2019s your only choice, you must still follow a fair procedure as you would do for any other disciplinary matter.

    ", + "

    You can dismiss an employee if:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve committed some form of misconduct
    • ", + "

    With gross misconduct, you can dismiss the employee immediately as long as you follow a fair procedure. You should investigate the incident and give the employee a chance to respond before deciding to dismiss them.

    " + ], + "id": "train-580" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "scenario": "I am a trainee social worker. I am currently studying an approved undergraduate social work degree, which is not employment based. I do not receive funding from my employer.", + "question": "Will I be eligible for a social work bursary?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • don\u2019t already have a higher education social work qualification
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Social work bursaries are available to eligible social work students who:

    ", + "
  • don\u2019t get funding from their employer
    • ", + "
  • are studying an approved undergraduate or postgraduate course in social work
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t already have a higher education social work qualification
    • " + ], + "id": "train-581" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "scenario": "I am a social work trainee, who is eligible to receive a social work bursary. My course costs \u00a33,000 per year, and will last for three years. I study full time.", + "question": "How much can I expect to receive for my bursary?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the amount you get depends", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The social work bursary is a grant that doesn\u2019t depend on your household income and doesn\u2019t have to be paid back.

    ", + "

    The amount you get depends on:

    ", + "
  • where you study
    • ", + "
  • whether you study full or part-time
    • ", + "
  • the cost of your tuition
    • " + ], + "id": "train-582" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-tax", + "scenario": "I pay my tax monthly by bank direct debit. Recently, I moved my business account to another bank. Due to an error on the part of the new bank, two monthly tax payments were paid to the wrong account. The error has been resolved and arrears paid.", + "question": "In this circumstance, will I be fined for late payment?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-583" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-tax", + "scenario": "I pay my tax quarterly and through bank transfer, but I am in a financial crisis. I have more debts than funds available to me. I already have a County Court Judgement against me.", + "question": "Can I delay my tax payments whilst I await expected funds to arrive?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Make sure you pay HMRC by the deadline. You may have to pay interest and penalties if your payment is late.

    " + ], + "id": "train-584" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "scenario": "I am an employer looking to dismiss an employee due to health reasons. The employee has a heart condition and is unable to do the lifting required for the job. I am concerned about an unfair dismissal claim.", + "question": "Are there any steps to undertake to make a dismissal in relation to health?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "getting a medical report from their gp with the employee\u2019s permission", + [] + ], + [ + "arranging an occupational health assessment", + [] + ], + [ + "work out whether or not they\u2019re disabled and make any reasonable adjustments to help them do their job", + [] + ], + [ + "dismiss them", + [ + "

    If the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Dismissal is a last resort and you should consider as many ways as possible to help the employee back to work, including:

    ", + "
  • getting a medical report from their GP with the employee\u2019s permission - they have the right to see the report before you do
    • ", + "
  • arranging an occupational health assessment
    • ", + "
  • work out whether or not they\u2019re disabled and make any reasonable adjustments to help them do their job
    • ", + "

    If the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.

    " + ], + "id": "train-585" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "scenario": "We have an employee threatening an unfair dismissal claim. Their employment started on the 8th January 2017. They were dismissed one and a half years ago.", + "question": "Are they still able to raise au unfair dismissal claim after this time?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employees can only claim unfair dismissal if they\u2019ve worked for a qualifying period - unless they\u2019re claiming for an automatically unfair reason.

    ", + "Date employment started | When the employee can claim", + "After 6 April 2012 | After 2 years of employment" + ], + "id": "train-586" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay", + "scenario": "I run a lucrative business and have an employee who has been off sick for the last twenty seven weeks. Their SSP is due to end very soon.", + "question": "My employee is a long term employee and highly valued. Can I voluntarily pay more money to them even though it's due to stop?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can offer more if you have a company sick pay scheme (you cannot offer less). Company schemes are also called \u2018contractual\u2019 or \u2018occupational\u2019 sick pay and must be included in an employment contract.

    " + ], + "id": "train-587" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay", + "scenario": "I run a small business which has only just been managing to keep afloat the last five years. Now three thirds of my workforce are off sick with covid and I simply cannot afford to pay them SSP.", + "question": "Are the government making an provision for small employer's hit by Covid?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to reclaim Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) if your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    HMRC will pay SSP for any employee who continues to work for you if they were sick when you became insolvent. Tell your employee to contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.

    " + ], + "id": "train-588" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-for-employers", + "scenario": "We have received a DEO for one of our employees. We have completed deducting NDR, but have found it brings the employee beneath their PER.", + "question": "Should we deduct less so that it does not take the employee below their PER?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you cannot deduct the full NDR

    ", + "

    You then deduct the full amount of the shortfall plus the NDR owed for the next pay period. You must still leave your employee with the PER or PEP.

    " + ], + "id": "train-589" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-for-employers", + "scenario": "We received a DEO in relation to one of our employees. This letter was not brought to my attention, and we have failed to make the \u00a3250 deductions per month. This has happened for the last two months.", + "question": "What punishment could I face for failing to act on this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can be prosecuted", + [] + ], + [ + "you can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re found guilty", + [ + "

    If you\u2019ve got a deduction from earnings order (DEO) it\u2019s an offence to:

    ", + "
  • not provide information when it\u2019s required
    • ", + "
  • make a false statement or representation
    • ", + "
  • knowingly provide false information
    • ", + "
  • delay or obstruct an inspector on purpose
    • ", + "
  • refuse or fail to answer any questions or supply any information or to produce any document when it\u2019s asked for
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be prosecuted if you do not pay the amount on a deduction from earnings order (DEO).

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve got a deduction from earnings order (DEO) it\u2019s an offence to:

    ", + "
  • not provide information when it\u2019s required
    • ", + "
  • make a false statement or representation
    • ", + "
  • knowingly provide false information
    • ", + "
  • delay or obstruct an inspector on purpose
    • ", + "
  • refuse or fail to answer any questions or supply any information or to produce any document when it\u2019s asked for
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re found guilty of any of these offences.

    " + ], + "id": "train-590" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance", + "scenario": "My friend Mark is a Uk citizen will be pursuing a Bachelor of education in Bath university. He will be a full student living away from home and wishes to apply for tuition and maintenance loans in 2021-2022 academic year.", + "question": "How much maintenance loan will he get?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to \u00a39,488", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a39,203 | Up to \u00a39,488" + ], + "id": "train-591" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance", + "scenario": "My friend Lucy is a French national. She has been living in the UK for the last 4 years and has pre-settled status. She has been accepted for a full time university BSc degree offer which starts in September 2021..", + "question": "Can she apply for a tuition fee loan?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Check with the university or college that your course is recognised.

    ", + "
  • pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re the family member of an Irish citizen or person of Northern Ireland
    • ", + "
  • pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re an EU national or the family member of an EU national
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and Maintenance Loan if your course starts on or after 1 August 2016.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a Tuition Fee Loan and help with living costs if you\u2019re from an EU country, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    This should be a university, college or other institution that offers a qualifying course.

    ", + "

    Check with the university or college that your course is recognised.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for student finance if your course is in the UK and one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd
    • ", + "

    You can apply for tuition fee funding if you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland for the past 3 years and you have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re an EU national or the family member of an EU national
    • ", + "
  • pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re the family member of an Irish citizen or person of Northern Ireland
    • " + ], + "id": "train-592" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty", + "scenario": "I have been fined for a late filing of PAYE. I am now looking to pay this fine, and would prefer to do so by cheque. I want a receipt to confirm that this has been paid.", + "question": "Am I able to request a receipt?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.

    " + ], + "id": "train-593" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty", + "scenario": "I have received a fine from HMRC for late payment of PAYE. I would like to pay this fine with my credit card.", + "question": "Can I pay the fine with a credit card?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Same or next day

    ", + "
  • by debit or corporate credit card online
    • ", + "

    You can pay online.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay by personal credit card.

    " + ], + "id": "train-594" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-disciplinary-action", + "scenario": "I work in the Metropolitan police force and I have witnessed my senior officer receiving bribes repeatedly during our traffic patrols from rogue drivers.", + "question": "Will be dismissed from work if i blow the whistle?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot normally discipline or dismiss an employee for whistleblowing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-595" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-disciplinary-action", + "scenario": "My work colleague shared our company's software classified data to our competitors and we started experiencing a big loss of business. He breached the terms of his employment contract. After internal investigations the company terminated his services without a warning.", + "question": "Can he appeal the decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    An employee has the right to appeal against a decision made after a disciplinary hearing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-596" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay", + "scenario": "My sister is a full time delivery driver. During the last 14 day she has been out of work due to pneumonia. She is now on medication and under doctors observations. She has been earning more than \u00a3 200 per week.", + "question": "Can she apply for Statutory Sick Pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • have an employment contract
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give you proof of their illness, only after 7 days off
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    SSP is paid when the employee is sick for at least 4 days in a row (including non-working days).

    ", + "

    To qualify for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) employees must:

    ", + "
  • have an employment contract
    • ", + "
  • have done some work under their contract
    • ", + "
  • have been sick for 4 or more days in a row (including non-working days) - known as a \u2018period of incapacity for work\u2019
    • ", + "
  • earn an average of at least \u00a3120 per week
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • give you proof of their illness, only after 7 days off
    • " + ], + "id": "train-597" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay", + "scenario": "My brother is a full time employee and is on SSP following a leg injury he sustained while at work. A second doctor's review has advised him to take further 2 months bed rest as he continues to recover. He is now afraid of losing income after the SSP ends.", + "question": "Can he apply re apply for Statutory Sick Pay once the 28 weeks are up?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    SSP is paid when the employee is sick for at least 4 days in a row (including non-working days).

    ", + "

    SSP stops when the employee comes back to work or no longer qualifies.

    ", + "

    Employees do not qualify for SSP if they:

    ", + "
  • have received the maximum amount of SSP (28 weeks)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-598" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance", + "scenario": "From 2020 to 2021 i was a care worker but also director of the company. Our Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for all combined Payrolls were \u00a390,000", + "question": "Can I main a claim for Employment allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • check that you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold
    • ", + "
  • work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You cannot claim if you\u2019re a public body or business doing more than half your work in the public sector (such as local councils and NHS services) - unless you\u2019re a charity.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim Employment Allowance if you\u2019re a business or charity (including community amateur sports clubs) and your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities were less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year.

    ", + "

    You can also claim if you employ a care or support worker.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • check that you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold
    • ", + "
  • work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim if you\u2019re a public body or business doing more than half your work in the public sector (such as local councils and NHS services) - unless you\u2019re a charity.

    " + ], + "id": "train-599" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance", + "scenario": "I have worked in the agricultural sector for 6 years now. I have never heard of this benefit. I understand we already receive help of 10,000 euros.", + "question": "what is the state aid limit for out sector?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u20ac20,000", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Sector | De minimis state aid threshold over 3 years", + "Agriculture products sector | \u20ac20,000" + ], + "id": "train-600" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-errors", + "scenario": "We are a IT consultant company and have more than 10000 employees. Recently when we made PAYE bill to HMRC we made wrong payments for some of our employees", + "question": "Who do we contact to correct the PAYE bill ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "hmrc", + [ + "

    If you underpaid because of a mistake in your Full Payment Submission (FPS) or Employer Payment Summary (EPS), correct it in your next regular report. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will add the underpayment to your next PAYE bill.

    ", + "

    If you underpaid because you entered the wrong amount when paying HMRC, pay the balance as soon as possible or you may have to pay interest or a penalty. Use your Accounts Office reference when paying.

    ", + "

    If you overpaid because of a mistake in your FPS or EPS, make the correction in your next regular report. HMRC will take the overpayment off your next PAYE bill.

    ", + "

    If you overpaid because you entered the wrong amount when paying HMRC, or you made a duplicate payment, you can balance your account by paying less in your next PAYE bill.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you find a mistake, follow the guidance to:

    ", + "
  • correct a payment to HMRC
    • ", + "

    You can also correct mistakes if you paid your employee the wrong amount or made incorrect deductions.

    ", + "

    If you underpaid because of a mistake in your Full Payment Submission (FPS) or Employer Payment Summary (EPS), correct it in your next regular report. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will add the underpayment to your next PAYE bill.

    ", + "

    If you underpaid because you entered the wrong amount when paying HMRC, pay the balance as soon as possible or you may have to pay interest or a penalty. Use your Accounts Office reference when paying.

    ", + "

    If you overpaid because of a mistake in your FPS or EPS, make the correction in your next regular report. HMRC will take the overpayment off your next PAYE bill.

    ", + "

    If you overpaid because you entered the wrong amount when paying HMRC, or you made a duplicate payment, you can balance your account by paying less in your next PAYE bill.

    " + ], + "id": "train-601" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-errors", + "scenario": "We are a super market company and have more than 20000 employees. There are few employees recently resigned from our company and we received an incorrect PAYE bill for last month. We been told it will be correctly automatically", + "question": "How long we have to wait for the incorrect PAYE bill to be corrected automatically before contacting HMRC ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "by the 12th of the next tax month", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get an incorrect bill and duplicate payroll records if you made a mistake. Both are usually corrected automatically - contact HMRC if your PAYE bill is still wrong by the 12th of the next tax month.

    " + ], + "id": "train-602" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "scenario": "I am an employer and due to the reduced work force the number of employees represented by the union has reduced to 10. The union is recognized entity by CAC since 2017.", + "question": "Can i give notice to CAC to deregister it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Where recognition has been declared by the CAC, you can apply to have a union derecognised in any of the following situations:

    ", + "
  • the number of people employed by the company has fallen to less than 21
    • ", + "

    As an employer, you can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to have a trade union derecognised if both of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period
    • ", + "
  • it is more than 3 years since recognition was declared by the CAC
    • " + ], + "id": "train-603" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "scenario": "My friend wishes to withdraw from an independent workers union which doesn't represent their grievances and the majority of fellow workers want it to be derecognized.They are no longer interested in it any more.", + "question": "Can he apply for a secret ballot to CAC for derecognition?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years
    • ", + "
  • there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years
    • ", + "

    Three years after a CAC declaration of recognition, employers and workers can apply to the CAC to have a union derecognised.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Three years after a CAC declaration of recognition, employers and workers can apply to the CAC to have a union derecognised.

    ", + "

    You can apply to have a union derecognised if workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union and don\u2019t want to be represented by the union.

    ", + "

    You can apply to have a non-independent union derecognised if the majority of workers do not support it.

    ", + "

    You can only apply if both of these are true:

    ", + "
  • the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years
    • ", + "
  • there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years
    • ", + "

    You can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for a secret ballot on derecognition if you believe the union no longer has the support of the bargaining unit.

    " + ], + "id": "train-604" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repaying-your-student-loan", + "scenario": "I am going to be taking a sabbatical from work in 3 months and will then be working and living abroad outside of the EU for 12 months on less pay before returning to my job at the UK", + "question": "Will I still need to make payments if my salary equivalent in GBP is below the threshold?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not pay anything back if your income is under the threshold.

    ", + "

    The rules for repayment are the same as in the UK, apart from different repayment thresholds for each country.

    ", + "

    You can ask for a refund if:

    ", + "
  • your annual income was below the threshold
    • " + ], + "id": "train-605" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jobcentre-plus-help-for-recruiters", + "scenario": "I am a business owner. I am interested in providing work experience opportunities for practice accountancy, but I do not know how to go about this.", + "question": "Where am I able to make my opportunities known?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the employer services line", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Jobcentre Plus has a range of recruitment services that can help you as an employer. You could get:

    ", + "
  • advice about offering work experience and apprenticeships
    • ", + "

    Call the Employer Services Line if you want help to become a work experience host.

    " + ], + "id": "train-606" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jobcentre-plus-help-for-recruiters", + "scenario": "I am considering listing my first employment opportunity for an administrator. I am unsure how to go about creating a job opening.", + "question": "Is there any advice to be had over creating a job opportunity?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Jobcentre Plus has a range of recruitment services that can help you as an employer. You could get:

    ", + "
  • recruitment advice, including specialist support for businesses
    • ", + "

    You can also advertise a job with the \u2018Find a job\u2019 service (previously Universal Jobmatch).

    ", + "

    Contact the Employer Services Line for advice about recruiting for your business.

    ", + "

    It can put you in touch with local \u2018employer advisors\u2019 if you need specific and practical advice. Employer advisors understand the local labour market and can help you:

    ", + "
  • design and word job vacancies
    • ", + "
  • develop pre-employment training (specific to a job)
    • ", + "
  • recruit in new and fair ways (such as offering flexible working patterns)
    • ", + "

    The Employer Services Line can also give general advice about recruitment.

    " + ], + "id": "train-607" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/handling-employee-grievance", + "scenario": "My friend Dina and her workmates have been working for the last 20 years at a steel company and they have been having a lot of work related concerns.I.e lack of promotions, denial of paid leaves and extreme poor working conditions.They would like to put forward their grievances at work.", + "question": "Do they have a right to do so?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-608" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-parental-bereavement-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I am due to make payments for Statutory Parental Bereavement. I am struggling to meet the current \u00a3151.97 per week due to cashflow issues.", + "question": "Is there any help I can receive to pay this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    For financial help with statutory pay, you can:

    ", + "
  • reclaim payments
    • ", + "
  • apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments
    • " + ], + "id": "train-609" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-parental-bereavement-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My employee has requested Statutory Parental Bereavement pay. They have been taking care of the child for five continuous weeks, ending on the 25th July 2021. This was the date the child died. They were unpaid for the period of caring.", + "question": "Would this employee be eligible for the bereavement pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    To get Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, the employee must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to the end of the \u2018relevant week\u2019. The \u2018relevant week\u2019 is the week (ending with a Saturday) immediately before the week of the death or stillbirth.

    ", + "
  • remain employed by you up to the day the child dies or is stillborn
    • ", + "
  • earn on average \u00a3120 a week (gross)
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    An employee will be eligible if, at the time of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they were:

    ", + "
  • the child\u2019s or baby\u2019s parent - either biological, adoptive or parent of a child born to a surrogate
    • ", + "

    An employee may be eligible if they or their partner had:

    ", + "
  • the child or baby living with them at their home for 4 continuous weeks, ending with the date of the death
    • ", + "
  • day to day responsibility for the child or baby\u2019s care during that time
    • ", + "

    To get Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, the employee must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to the end of the \u2018relevant week\u2019. The \u2018relevant week\u2019 is the week (ending with a Saturday) immediately before the week of the death or stillbirth.

    ", + "

    They must also:

    ", + "
  • remain employed by you up to the day the child dies or is stillborn
    • ", + "
  • earn on average \u00a3120 a week (gross)
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay
    • " + ], + "id": "train-610" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My employee requested statutory maternity pay 26 weeks ago. My business has had to stop trading due to financial issues. I have stopped paying the statutory maternity pay, but the employee has complained.", + "question": "Do I need to keep paying statutory maternity pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You still have to pay SMP even if you stop trading.

    " + ], + "id": "train-611" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I gave in my notice 1-week late for statutory maternity leave and pay. I am eligible for statutory maternity pay, but have been refused this due to my late notice.", + "question": "Is my employer allowed to refuse my statutory maternity pay on this basis?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your employees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice of the date they want to start their SMP. This is usually the same date they want to start their leave.

    ", + "

    You can refuse to pay SMP if your employee does not give you this notice and they do not give you a reasonable excuse.

    " + ], + "id": "train-612" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jobcentre-plus-help-for-recruiters", + "scenario": "We are a start-up company and currently have 5 employees. We are planning to recruit for a new role. We interviewed a disabled person and happy with him.", + "question": "Can Jobcentre Plus can guide us to employ someone with a disability ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Jobcentre Plus has a range of recruitment services that can help you as an employer. You could get:

    ", + "
  • support if you employ someone with a disability\u00a0(Access to Work)
    • ", + "
  • advice and guidance on employing someone with a disability or health condition
    • " + ], + "id": "train-613" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jobcentre-plus-help-for-recruiters", + "scenario": "We are a IT consulting company. We have few positions open but can't find people to fill the role. Need some advice on recruitment", + "question": "Who do we contact for advice about recruiting for our business ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the employer services line", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Jobcentre Plus has a range of recruitment services that can help you as an employer. You could get:

    ", + "
  • recruitment advice, including specialist support for businesses
    • ", + "

    Contact the Employer Services Line for advice about recruiting for your business.

    ", + "

    It can put you in touch with local \u2018employer advisors\u2019 if you need specific and practical advice. Employer advisors understand the local labour market and can help you:

    ", + "
  • design and word job vacancies
    • ", + "
  • recruit in new and fair ways (such as offering flexible working patterns)
    • ", + "
  • access Jobcentre Plus office facilities for recruitment (where available)
    • ", + "

    The Employer Services Line can also give general advice about recruitment.

    " + ], + "id": "train-614" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contract-types-and-employer-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I have got a job offer as a chef in one of the leading hotels. This is my first job after university. I want to acquire more information about my rights and also wages.", + "question": "Can i get full details of my employment rights and expectations?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As an employer you must give employees:

    ", + "
  • a written statement of employment or contract
    • ", + "
  • a payslip showing all deductions, such as National Insurance contributions (NICs)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-615" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contract-types-and-employer-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I work as a nanny on a zero hour contract and I have applied for another well paying job as a live in nanny. Would like to leave my current employer by the end of next month.", + "question": "Do i need to inform him that i have looking for other jobs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As an employer, the tax and employment responsibilities you have for your staff will depend on the type of contract you give them and their employment status.

    ", + "

    Contract types include:

    ", + "
  • zero-hours contracts
    • ", + "

    Zero-hours contracts are also known as casual contracts. Zero-hours contracts are usually for \u2018piece work\u2019 or \u2018on call\u2019 work, for example for interpreters.

    ", + "

    You cannot do anything to stop a zero-hours worker from getting work elsewhere. The law says they can ignore a clause in their contract if it bans them from:

    ", + "
  • looking for work
    • ", + "
  • accepting work from another employer
    • " + ], + "id": "train-616" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "scenario": "I have recently started a limited company and have 2 part-time employees. I am paying them \u00a3100 per week. I know that I don't have to register for PAYE", + "question": "Do I still have to maintain payroll records for the 2 employees ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not need to register for PAYE if none of your employees are paid \u00a3120 or more a week, get expenses and benefits, have another job or get a pension. However, you must keep payroll records.

    ", + "

    You must collect and keep records of:

    ", + "
  • what you pay your employees and the deductions you make
    • ", + "

    Your records must show you\u2019ve reported accurately, and you need to keep them for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to. HMRC may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.

    " + ], + "id": "train-617" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "scenario": "I have a small company and have 5 employees in total. I am running payroll for all the employees but cannot use computers because of a disability I have", + "question": "Can I report payroll on paper ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As an employer, you normally have to operate PAYE as part of your payroll. PAYE is HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) system to collect Income Tax and National Insurance from employment.

    ", + "

    If you have to operate PAYE, you can choose how to run your payroll.

    ", + "

    You may be exempt from reporting payroll online if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re unable to send reports electronically because you\u2019re disabled, elderly or cannot access the internet
    • " + ], + "id": "train-618" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minimum-wage-different-types-work", + "scenario": "I am 21 years old. I have applied to a new job and I have received an offer for an hourly wage of \u00a37. This will be paid by the hour. I am concerned that this seems quite low. I know there is a minimum wage, but I do not know what I am eligible for.", + "question": "Where can I check the minimum wage that I am eligible for?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the national minimum wage calculator", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are different ways of checking that workers get the minimum wage depending on whether they are:

    ", + "
  • paid by the hour (known as \u2018time work\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Use the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if payments are over the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    Use the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if payments are at least at the minimum wage.

    " + ], + "id": "train-619" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minimum-wage-different-types-work", + "scenario": "I am an owner of a business. I usually pay my employees every time they complete a task set for them. My employees have been given a minimum 5 hour day for work. I have been working out their pay using the fair rate based on it being 'output work', but I have been told this is wrong.", + "question": "Is my employees work considered 'output work'?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are different ways of checking that workers get the minimum wage depending on whether they are:

    ", + "
  • paid by the piece - the number of things they make, or tasks they complete (known as \u2018output work\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Workers paid per task they perform or piece of work they do (known as piece work) are classed as doing \u2018output work\u2019.

    ", + "

    The work is not classed as output work if the employer sets either:

    ", + "
  • a minimum or maximum time the worker must work
    • " + ], + "id": "train-620" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/handling-employee-grievance", + "scenario": "I am in the process of reviewing the grievance procedures for my employees. I was advised it failed to explain how to appeal a grievance decision.", + "question": "Is there anything else that I need to include about appeals?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "state that employees can be accompanied in any meetings by a colleague or union representative", + [] + ], + [ + "set out time limits for each stage of the process", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It should also:

    ", + "
  • set out time limits for each stage of the process
    • ", + "
  • explain how to appeal a grievance decision
    • ", + "
  • state that employees can be accompanied in any meetings by a colleague or union representative
    • " + ], + "id": "train-621" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/handling-employee-grievance", + "scenario": "We have a grievance hearing setup with an employee. The employee has failed to attend multiple grievance hearings, despite rearranging dates and times.", + "question": "Can we proceed with a decision in their absence?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If the employee cannot attend the hearing (eg because they are ill), offer them a reasonable alternative date and time.

    ", + "

    The employee can also suggest a different time for the hearing if the person accompanying them cannot attend. They must do this within 5 working days after you proposed the original meeting time.

    ", + "

    You can make your decision without having a hearing if:

    ", + "
  • you have already rearranged the meeting, but the employee fails to attend
    • " + ], + "id": "train-622" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-student-finance", + "scenario": "I am a 28 year old who lives with his parents, looking to apply for a student loan. I am employed and earn \u00a330,000 per year. I am not financial dependant on my parents.", + "question": "What constitutes my household income?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "income you get from your own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your household income includes any of the following that apply:

    ", + "
  • income you get from your own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent
    • " + ], + "id": "train-623" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-student-finance", + "scenario": "I am a 24 year old student. My course started on the 5th April 2021. At this time, I did not apply for student finance. It is now the 31st July 2021, and I am now looking to apply for student finance.", + "question": "Can I still apply for a student loan for my course?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can still apply for funding up to 9 months after the first day of the academic year for your course.

    ", + "Course start date | Apply by", + "Between 1 April and 30 June | 31 December after your course started" + ], + "id": "train-624" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I am on a full time employment. I am pregnant now and expecting a baby soon. I was told that I am eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay", + "question": "How many weeks of paid leave I can avail under Statutory Maternity Pay ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 39 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    SMP for eligible employees can be paid for up to 39 weeks, usually as follows:

    ", + "
  • the first 6 weeks: 90% of their average weekly earnings (AWE) before tax
    • ", + "
  • the remaining 33 weeks: \u00a3151.97 or 90% of their AWE (whichever is lower)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-625" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I am on full time employment. I am pregnant now and decided to apply for Statutory Maternity Pay and was told to submit required documents", + "question": "What documents I need as proof of pregnancy ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a doctor\u2019s letter or a maternity certificate", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must get proof of the pregnancy before you pay SMP. This is usually a doctor\u2019s letter or a maternity certificate (known as an MATB1 certificate). Midwives and doctors usually issue these 20 weeks before the due date.

    " + ], + "id": "train-626" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-paternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My wife is pregnant. I am an employee who currently earns \u00a3550 per week. I have been working for this employer for five years. I want to take time off to look after my new child when it is born.", + "question": "Am I eligible for statutory paternity pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employees may be eligible for Statutory Paternity Leave and Pay if they and their partner are:

    ", + "
  • having a baby
    • ", + "

    Employees must be one of the following, the:

    ", + "
  • father
    • ", + "
  • husband or partner of the mother (or adopter)
    • ", + "

    Employees must also:

    ", + "
  • be classed as an employee (paternity leave only)
    • ", + "
  • be employed by you up to the date the child is born (or placed with the adopter) (paternity pay only)
    • ", + "
  • be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week (gross) in an 8 week \u2018relevant period\u2019 (paternity pay only)
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • be taking time off to look after the child or their partner
    • ", + "
  • be responsible for the child\u2019s upbringing
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019
    • " + ], + "id": "train-627" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-paternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I am an employer. I have recently granted my employee statutory paternity leave and pay. I have never done this before, and I am unsure as to the requirements.", + "question": "What records do I need to maintain regarding this employee?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the date statutory paternity pay started", + [] + ], + [ + "the paternity payments you\u2019ve made", + [] + ], + [ + "the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed", + [] + ], + [ + "any weeks you did not pay and why", + [] + ], + [ + "a letter from the adoption agency or a matching certificate", + [ + "
  • if adopting, a letter from the adoption agency or a matching certificate
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:

    ", + "
  • the date Statutory Paternity Pay started
    • ", + "
  • the paternity payments you\u2019ve made (including dates)
    • ", + "
  • the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed
    • ", + "
  • any weeks you did not pay and why
    • ", + "
  • if adopting, a letter from the adoption agency or a matching certificate
    • " + ], + "id": "train-628" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-european-works-council", + "scenario": "I want to ask my employer to set up a European Works Council. The company has 1,200 employees, which are situated in Germany and Austria.", + "question": "Am I able to ask my employer to set up an EWC?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • 150 employees in each of at least 2 countries in the EEA
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask your employer to set up a European Works Council (EWC) if you work for a company with offices across the European Economic Area (EEA).

    ", + "

    You can ask your employer to set up an EWC if they have:

    ", + "
  • at least 1,000 employees in the EEA
    • ", + "
  • 150 employees in each of at least 2 countries in the EEA
    • " + ], + "id": "train-629" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-european-works-council", + "scenario": "I, along with 153 other employees, requested that a European Works Council be set up by our employer. The company meets all of the requirements. We have had negotiations, but no agreement has been made. The company are going to have a ballot to end negotiations.", + "question": "What percentage of the vote is required to end negotiations?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "two-thirds", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The SNB can only end negotiations or decide not to open negotiations after a ballot has been held and a two-thirds majority reached. You\u2019ll have to wait 2 years to make a new application.

    " + ], + "id": "train-630" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-status", + "scenario": "My sister has been working full time for a software company for 6 years. She has developed a serious back pain and would like to take necessary steps to care for her health and also mantain her job.", + "question": "Can she face dismissal if she takes a time off over her health issues?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-631" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-status", + "scenario": "My brother has been working in a construction firm for 1 year as a worker. Due to the covid pandemic the business has gone low and he has been laid off.", + "question": "Can he claim for statutory redundancy pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • they have a contract or other arrangement to do work or services personally for a reward (your contract doesn\u2019t have to be written)
    • ", + "
  • they only have a limited right to send someone else to do the work (subcontract)
    • ", + "
  • their reward is for money or a benefit in kind, for example the promise of a contract or future work
    • ", + "
  • they have to turn up for work even if they don\u2019t want to
    • ", + "
  • their employer has to have work for them to do as long as the contract or arrangement lasts
    • ", + "
  • they aren\u2019t doing the work as part of their own limited company in an arrangement where the \u2018employer\u2019 is actually a customer or client
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A person is generally classed as a \u2018worker\u2019 if:

    ", + "
  • they have a contract or other arrangement to do work or services personally for a reward (your contract doesn\u2019t have to be written)
    • ", + "
  • their reward is for money or a benefit in kind, for example the promise of a contract or future work
    • ", + "
  • they only have a limited right to send someone else to do the work (subcontract)
    • ", + "
  • they have to turn up for work even if they don\u2019t want to
    • ", + "
  • their employer has to have work for them to do as long as the contract or arrangement lasts
    • ", + "
  • they aren\u2019t doing the work as part of their own limited company in an arrangement where the \u2018employer\u2019 is actually a customer or client
    • ", + "

    Workers usually aren\u2019t entitled to:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Redundancy Pay
    • " + ], + "id": "train-632" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance", + "scenario": "I am a full time student doing BSc computer science . Also I am a student on an accelerated degree course. I am planning to apply for Tuition Fee Loan", + "question": "How much loan I can get for my accelerated degree course ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to \u00a311,100", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re studying an accelerated degree course, you could get up to \u00a311,100.

    " + ], + "id": "train-633" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance", + "scenario": "I am from Italy. I came to UK last year to study BSc Electronics. I am struggling to cover my fees and require some financial help", + "question": "Can I apply for a Tuition Fee Loan?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to borrow money to help pay for university or college tuition fees and to help with living costs.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a Tuition Fee Loan and help with living costs if you\u2019re from an EU country, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland.

    " + ], + "id": "train-634" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minimum-wage-different-types-work", + "scenario": "I own a bike repair workshop in Manchester and employ several people. I want to pay them by output work, and have calculated the fair rate of pay, which I want to introduce.", + "question": "Do I have to tell the workers about their rate in advance of them completing the work?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To use a fair rate an employer must give each worker a written notice before they start work for the first time.

    ", + "

    The notice must:

    ", + "
  • give the amount to be paid for each piece that the worker completes
    • ", + "

    If employers do not give a worker a complete notice then the worker is entitled to be paid by the hour instead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-635" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minimum-wage-different-types-work", + "scenario": "I live in Edinburgh and I have recently been working on sculpting hedges. This is unmeasured work, I charge per hedge sculpture.", + "question": "How do I calculate that I receiving the national minimum wage?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "record every hour worked and use the national minimum wage calculator", + [] + ], + [ + "make a \u2018daily average agreement of hours\u2019", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To work out the minimum wage for unmeasured work, either:

    ", + "
  • record every hour worked and use the National Minimum Wage calculator to make sure the worker gets the minimum wage
    • ", + "
  • make a \u2018daily average agreement of hours\u2019
    • " + ], + "id": "train-636" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-employer-or-college-about-criminal-record", + "scenario": "I am applying for a new job with a recruitment agency. I have an unspent conviction, and the second round of the job application process states a question that asks me to declare if I have any unspent convictions.", + "question": "What are the consequences for me if I do not declare it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "reject your application or withdraw a job offer, or you might be charged with a crime", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You only need tell the employer, university or college about a conviction or caution:

    ", + "
  • if they ask you to, for example in an interview or on an application form
    • ", + "

    You only need to tell a potential employer, university or college about an unspent conviction or caution if they ask you to.

    ", + "

    If they ask you and you do not tell them about it, they might find out by using a DBS check. They could then reject your application or withdraw a job offer, or you might be charged with a crime.

    " + ], + "id": "train-637" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-employer-or-college-about-criminal-record", + "scenario": "Three years ago, I was previously convicted for petty shoplifting, and I received community service where I had to volunteer for a charity for six months. I now want to apply for college.", + "question": "When does the community service count as spent?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "one year after its end date", + [] + ], + [ + "2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Community service becomes spent either:

    ", + "
  • one year after its end date
    • ", + "
  • 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date
    • " + ], + "id": "train-638" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage", + "scenario": "I am an agency worker and a part-timer in an electronics shop. I am 25 years old. I get a feeling that I am paid less than National Minimum Wage", + "question": "Am I entitled for correct minimum wage even If I am a part-timer ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The National Minimum Wage is the minimum pay per hour almost all workers are entitled to. The National Living Wage is higher than the National Minimum Wage - workers get it if they\u2019re over 23.

    ", + "

    It does not matter how small an employer is, they still have to pay the correct minimum wage.

    ", + "

    People classed as \u2018workers\u2019 must be at least school leaving age to get the National Minimum Wage. They must be 23 or over to get the National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    Workers are also entitled to the correct minimum wage if they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • part-time
    • " + ], + "id": "train-639" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage", + "scenario": "I am on a part-time role. I was under paid by my employer and it was found by HMRC and HMRC send them a notice to pay the arrears plus fine but my employer still did not pay me", + "question": "Will HMRC take my employer to court ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    HMRC can take them to court on behalf of the worker if the employer still refuses to pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-640" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-tax", + "scenario": "I would like to submit PAYE bill by cheque through the post. Would like to gather all the needed information so that i can submit before deadline.", + "question": "What should i include?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a replacement payment slip", + [ + "

    Include the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have this, you can either:

    " + ] + ], + [ + "your 13-character accounts office reference number on the back of the cheque", + [] + ], + [ + "include the payslip for the correct period.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Write your 13-character Accounts Office reference number on the back of the cheque. You can find this number on the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    Include the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have this, you can either:

    ", + "
  • ask HMRC to send you a payment booklet
    • ", + "
  • print off a replacement payment slip
    • " + ], + "id": "train-641" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-tax", + "scenario": "My father owns pub and would like to submit his PAYE bill using his bank. He would like to have a payment booklet.", + "question": "Can he request one from the HMRC?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll need a payment booklet from HMRC to pay at your bank or building society, or by post. If you do not have one, ask HMRC to send it to you.

    " + ], + "id": "train-642" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-annual-reporting", + "scenario": "We are a new high street furniture retail company. We have more than 1000 employees all over UK. We are preparing our annual reports", + "question": "What is the deadline to report HMRC about the annual reports ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "on or before your employees\u2019 last payday of the tax year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "What you need to do | When", + "Send your final payroll report of the year | On or before your employees\u2019 payday", + "

    Send your final Full Payment Submission (FPS) on or before your employees\u2019 last payday of the tax year (which ends on 5 April).

    " + ], + "id": "train-643" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-annual-reporting", + "scenario": "We are running a local coffee shop and have more than 50 branches. We have more than 200 employees.", + "question": "What is the deadline for issuing P60 for employees ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "31 may", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "What you need to do | When", + "Give your employees a P60 | By 31 May", + "

    You must give your employees a P60 by 31 May.

    " + ], + "id": "train-644" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/training-study-work-your-rights", + "scenario": "I work in a IT consulting company and been employed for 2 years. My company has 150 employees in total. I need some technology training to carry out some tasks.", + "question": "Do I have rights to ask my employer for a training ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Staff may have the right to ask for time off work for training or study.

    ", + "

    To ask for training or study:

    ", + "
  • staff must be classed as an employee
    • ", + "
  • they must have worked for their employer for at least 26 weeks
    • ", + "
  • at least 250 people must work in the organisation
    • " + ], + "id": "train-645" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/training-study-work-your-rights", + "scenario": "I work in a Software development company. I requested for a training to improve my skills. My employer granted permission for my training but for some reason I can't finish the training", + "question": "What should I do about my unfinished training ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "tell their employer", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The employee must tell their employer if they:

    ", + "
  • don\u2019t finish the training or study
    • " + ], + "id": "train-646" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-1a-national-insurance", + "scenario": "I am a company owner and i have made Class 1A national imsurance payments on work benefits. I have paid online through the HMRC online account.", + "question": "How long will it take to show if HMRC has received the payments?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 6 working days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Check your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account - it should update within 6 working days.

    " + ], + "id": "train-647" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-1a-national-insurance", + "scenario": "My father owns a restaurant. It has five full time employees . He wishes to make Class 1 national insurance contributions by post.", + "question": "What is the deadline of submitting the payments for work benefits by post?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "19 july", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you pay Class 1A National Insurance contributions depends on whether they are work benefits or termination awards.

    ", + "

    You need to pay contributions on work benefits by 22 July each year for the previous tax year. You\u2019ll need to pay by 19 July if paying by post.

    " + ], + "id": "train-648" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance-if-you-suspend-or-leave", + "scenario": "My friend Ann has decided to stop her university course due to the unfortunate loss of her parents. She is mentally disturbed and the issue has left her traumatised. She is recieving student finance.", + "question": "Can she stop the student finance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you leave or suspend your studies you must:

    ", + "
  • stop your student finance
    • ", + "

    You must stop your student finance payments as soon as you decide to suspend your studies or leave your course early.

    " + ], + "id": "train-649" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance-if-you-suspend-or-leave", + "scenario": "My brother is recieving student finance. He is pursuing his Engineering course in Bath university. He has been diagnosed with Bipolar which requires long term treatment. He has decided to suspend his studies.", + "question": "Can he continue on receiving student finance or support after suspending the course?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must stop your student finance payments as soon as you decide to suspend your studies or leave your course early.

    ", + "

    If you suspend your studies you can usually postpone your student finance payments until you return.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get student finance while you\u2019re away from your course if you suspend due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason.

    ", + "

    You can apply for funding if you return to your studies.

    " + ], + "id": "train-650" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty", + "scenario": "We are small start-up company and have 50 employees. We have received a PAYE late penalty notice but we acknowledge that it was our mistake. We are planning to pay", + "question": "Can we pay PAYE late penalty notice at post office ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can no longer pay at the Post Office.

    " + ], + "id": "train-651" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty", + "scenario": "I have a limited company and have 2 employees. We have received a late penalty notice for the PAYE and we want to pay the notice by BACS", + "question": "What payment reference number we have to use when making payments ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your penalty reference number", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.

    " + ], + "id": "train-652" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contract-types-and-employer-responsibilities", + "scenario": "My warehousing employer uses zero-hour contracts. The contract requires me to be on call when they need me. I have accepted work from another company. The warehousing employer has now threatened me with legal action due to a contract clause, stating I cannot accept other work.", + "question": "Am I legally not allowed to accept work from any other company?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Zero-hours contracts are also known as casual contracts. Zero-hours contracts are usually for \u2018piece work\u2019 or \u2018on call\u2019 work, for example for interpreters.

    ", + "

    This means:

    ", + "
  • they are on call to work when you need them
    • ", + "
  • they do not have to do work when asked
    • ", + "

    You cannot do anything to stop a zero-hours worker from getting work elsewhere. The law says they can ignore a clause in their contract if it bans them from:

    ", + "
  • looking for work
    • ", + "
  • accepting work from another employer
    • " + ], + "id": "train-653" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contract-types-and-employer-responsibilities", + "scenario": "We have employed staff from an agency. One of these staff has been been working for us for 15 weeks. They have stated that they are eligible for annual leave.", + "question": "Does this employee have the right to annual leave?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As an employer, the tax and employment responsibilities you have for your staff will depend on the type of contract you give them and their employment status.

    ", + "

    Contract types include:

    ", + "
  • agency staff
    • ", + "

    As an employer, you can hire temporary staff through agencies. This means:

    ", + "
  • after 12 weeks\u2019 continuous employment in the same role, agency workers get the same terms and conditions as permanent employees, including pay, working time, rest periods, night work, breaks and annual leave
    • " + ], + "id": "train-654" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay-employer-guide", + "scenario": "I am a full time employee. I have been working for the last 5 years. I have a new born baby. I have stopped the statutory maternity pay. My husband is working as well with an income of \u00a330000 per year.", + "question": "Can i apply for shared parental leave and pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • give you the correct notice including a declaration that their partner meets the employment and income requirements which allow your employee to get SPL
    • ", + "
  • still be employed by you while they take SPL
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employees may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if they\u2019ve had a baby or adopted a child.

    ", + "

    Employees can start SPL if they\u2019re eligible and they or their partner end their maternity or adoption leave or pay early. The remaining leave will be available as SPL. The remaining pay may be available as ShPP.

    ", + "

    To qualify for SPL, your employee must share responsibility for the child with one of the following:

    ", + "
  • their husband, wife, civil partner or joint adopter
    • ", + "

    Your employee or their partner must be eligible for maternity pay or leave, adoption pay or leave or Maternity Allowance.

    ", + "

    They must also:

    ", + "
  • still be employed by you while they take SPL
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice including a declaration that their partner meets the employment and income requirements which allow your employee to get SPL
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day of the \u2018qualifying week\u2019, or the week they are matched with a child for adoption in the UK
    • ", + "

    They can get ShPP if they\u2019re an employee and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) or Statutory Adoption Pay (SAP)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-655" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay-employer-guide", + "scenario": "I am on maternity leave after the birth of my baby. Would like to apply for a shared parental leave and pay so that i can look after my baby who has some infant complications.", + "question": "Should i give a notice letter to my employer?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    They must also:

    ", + "
  • give you the correct notice including a declaration that their partner meets the employment and income requirements which allow your employee to get SPL
    • ", + "

    For Shared Parental Leave (SPL) to start, the mother or adopter must do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • give you \u2018binding notice\u2019 (a decision that cannot normally be changed) of the date when they\u2019ll end their maternity or adoption leave
    • ", + "

    The mother must give you notice (at least 8 weeks) to end her maternity pay, or tell Jobcentre Plus to end her Maternity Allowance. Adopters must give you notice to end adoption pay.

    ", + "

    The employee must give you written notice if they want to start SPL or Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). They can do this using forms created by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas).

    ", + "

    An employee must give at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice of any leave they wish to take. If the child is born more than 8 weeks early, this notice period can be shorter.

    " + ], + "id": "train-656" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-european-works-council", + "scenario": "I work for a firm with several offices across Europe. I have heard of EWC but I am not sure if we qualify.", + "question": "Before I apply, what do we need to do to qualify?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 1,000 employees in the eea", + [] + ], + [ + "150 employees in each of at least 2 countries in the eea", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask your employer to set up an EWC if they have:

    ", + "
  • at least 1,000 employees in the EEA
    • ", + "
  • 150 employees in each of at least 2 countries in the EEA
    • " + ], + "id": "train-657" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-european-works-council", + "scenario": "Jack here. I want to set up an EWC but I'm worried about what BREXIT means for the process.", + "question": "Please can I get guidance on BREXIT and EWC?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-658" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/debt-deductions-from-employee-pay", + "scenario": "I received a court order to make of \u00a3200 from my employee's wages. I have forgotten to do this, and I am concerned over it.", + "question": "Is there any punishment for failing to make deductions?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You and your employee can be fined if you do not deduct their wages, or if you deliberately give false information about their earnings.

    ", + "

    You can be fined if you do not start making the deductions.

    " + ], + "id": "train-659" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/debt-deductions-from-employee-pay", + "scenario": "I have received a court order to deduct \u00a32,500 from the pay of my employee. I understand the difference between priority and non-priority orders, but I cannot identify the type of order I have received. It does not state what it is.", + "question": "In what way can I tell whether the court order is priority or non-priority?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "if it does not say what it is, it\u2019s a \u2018non-priority order\u2019", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The court order will tell you:

    ", + "
  • if it\u2019s a \u2018priority order\u2019 - if it does not say what it is, it\u2019s a \u2018non-priority order\u2019
    • " + ], + "id": "train-660" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/nhs-bursaries", + "scenario": "I am studying to be a dentist and my course started on August 2019. I need some help to cover my living costs while I study", + "question": "Do I qualify for NHS bursary ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    To be eligible to apply for an NHS bursary you must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 years up to the start of the academic year.

    ", + "

    You can apply for an NHS bursary from your 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course.

    ", + "

    Your total bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be either your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    You must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a doctor or dentist.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for an NHS bursary even if you\u2019ve already had public funding for higher education.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve had an NHS bursary and want to change professions, you may also be eligible.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To be eligible to apply for an NHS bursary you must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 years up to the start of the academic year.

    ", + "

    You must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a doctor or dentist.

    ", + "

    You can apply for an NHS bursary from your 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course.

    ", + "

    Your total bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be either your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for an NHS bursary even if you\u2019ve already had public funding for higher education.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve had an NHS bursary and want to change professions, you may also be eligible.

    " + ], + "id": "train-661" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/nhs-bursaries", + "scenario": "I am studying to be a doctor. I registered an account with Bursary Online Support System (BOSS) for my NHS bursary last year", + "question": "Do I have to re-appy for NHS bursary every year ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must reapply for your bursary every academic year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-662" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-employee", + "scenario": "We are recruitment agency and we are currently doing job recruitments. We are not aware of the current rules on recruitment post Brexit.", + "question": "Where do we get the necessary pre-employment details from for an employee?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the employee\u2019s p45", + [] + ], + [ + "hmrc\u2019s new starter checklist", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually get most of this information from the employee\u2019s P45, but they\u2019ll have to fill in a \u2018starter checklist\u2019 (which replaced the P46 form) if they do not have a recent P45.

    ", + "

    Ask your employee for this information if you do not have their P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to get certain information from your employee so you can set them up with the correct tax code and starter declaration on your payroll software.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually get most of this information from the employee\u2019s P45, but they\u2019ll have to fill in a \u2018starter checklist\u2019 (which replaced the P46 form) if they do not have a recent P45.

    ", + "

    From your employee\u2019s P45, you\u2019ll need their:

    ", + "

    Ask your employee for this information if you do not have their P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    Get the information by asking your new employee to complete HMRC\u2019s new starter checklist.

    " + ], + "id": "train-663" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-paternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My partner is due to have a baby in two weeks' time. I am employed and eligible for statutory paternity leave and pay.", + "question": "When do I have to take my paternity leave by?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 56 days of the birth (or due date if the baby is early)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Leave must finish within 56 days of the birth (or due date if the baby is early). The start and end dates are different if the employee is adopting.

    " + ], + "id": "train-664" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-paternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My wife is pregnant and due in four months. I started working in this job five months ago and I earn \u00a3500 per week.", + "question": "Am I eligible for statutory paternity pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employees must also:

    ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019
    • " + ], + "id": "train-665" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage", + "scenario": "I'm Bob and I'm working at a corner shop in my town. My boss is really mean and I am wondering if I'm being diddled. He pays my bus fare and he says I should be grateful. I'm 18 years old.", + "question": "Am I entitled to the National Minimum Wage?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The National Minimum Wage is the minimum pay per hour almost all workers are entitled to. The National Living Wage is higher than the National Minimum Wage - workers get it if they\u2019re over 23.

    ", + "

    People classed as \u2018workers\u2019 must be at least school leaving age to get the National Minimum Wage. They must be 23 or over to get the National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    Employers must pay workers the correct minimum wage.

    " + ], + "id": "train-666" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage", + "scenario": "Hello, my name is Dot. I work in a factory where the conditions are poor. I am being paid below the minimum wage. I have spoken to my employer and have got nowhere.", + "question": "Who can i contact to complain to get get some assistance in getting what'd rightfully mine?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "call the confidential acas helpline or look at the acas helpline online", + [] + ], + [ + "make a complaint to hm revenue and customs (hmrc)", + [] + ], + [ + "go directly to the employment tribunal themselves", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Workers can call the confidential Acas helpline or look at the Acas Helpline Online to help them solve a payment dispute.

    ", + "

    Workers can also make a complaint to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about their employer or employment agency or complain on behalf of someone else.

    ", + "

    Workers can also go directly to the employment tribunal themselves.

    " + ], + "id": "train-667" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "scenario": "I represent a union for a mid sized group of factory workers in the East Midlands. Recently there has been some discontent against the union from a small group of members.", + "question": "What could happen if the discontent within the union continues to mount?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "have a union derecognised", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If the application is successful, the union will cease to represent the workforce in negotiations with the employer.

    ", + "

    You can apply to have a union derecognised if workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union and don\u2019t want to be represented by the union.

    ", + "

    You can apply to have a non-independent union derecognised if the majority of workers do not support it.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for a secret ballot on derecognition if you believe the union no longer has the support of the bargaining unit.

    " + ], + "id": "train-668" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "scenario": "I am a member of a small craft makers union and am unhappy with the way it is being managed. Most members are apathetic and I feel that the union is not fit for cause.", + "question": "Is it worth my while to make a fuss about this or should I just grin and bear it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years
    • ", + "
  • there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to have a union derecognised if workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union and don\u2019t want to be represented by the union.

    ", + "

    You can apply to have a non-independent union derecognised if the majority of workers do not support it.

    ", + "

    You can only apply if both of these are true:

    ", + "
  • the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years
    • ", + "
  • there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years
    • ", + "

    You can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for a secret ballot on derecognition if you believe the union no longer has the support of the bargaining unit.

    " + ], + "id": "train-669" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance", + "scenario": "I would like to claim the employment allowance. My business paid out \u00a3120,000 for national insurance liabilities in the last year. We did not claim for employment allowance last year.", + "question": "Will my business be able to claim for employment allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim Employment Allowance if you\u2019re a business or charity (including community amateur sports clubs) and your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities were less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-670" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance", + "scenario": "My business has just acquired a subsidiary, which has made a new group. We are eligible to claim employment allowance, and have done so in the past. We do not know how being part of a group changes the way the employment allowance works.", + "question": "Do we claim employment allowance for both companies?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Only one company in the group can claim the allowance.

    " + ], + "id": "train-671" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "scenario": "We are a supply chain company. We have more than 100 employees. We are planning to extend lunch break from 20 minutes to 45 minutes", + "question": "Do we have to pay them for the break. Is it mandatory ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The break doesn\u2019t have to be paid - it depends on their employment contract.

    ", + "

    Unless a worker\u2019s employment contract says so, they don\u2019t have the right to:

    ", + "
  • get paid for rest breaks
    • " + ], + "id": "train-672" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "scenario": "We are a electronics high street shops. We have few part-time employees who are aged 17. They work 5 hours a day", + "question": "How many minutes of rest break they are entitled to ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "30 minute", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Young people and lorry and coach drivers have different rights to rest breaks.

    ", + "

    Young workers (above school leaving age and under 18) are usually entitled to:

    ", + "
  • a 30 minute rest break if they work more than 4.5 hours (if possible this should be one continuous break)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-673" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "scenario": "I need to setup payroll for my new employee. This is my first employee, and I have never setup payroll before. I do not know whether I am allowed to do this myself.", + "question": "Do I have to use a payroll provider to run my payroll?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have to operate PAYE, you can choose how to run your payroll.

    ", + "

    You can operate PAYE by either:

    ", + "
  • paying a payroll provider to do it for you
    • ", + "
  • doing it yourself using payroll software
    • " + ], + "id": "train-674" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "scenario": "I am an employer who is just about to setup payroll. I am expecting to pay out \u00a31,200 per month. I am currently unsure as to when payments to HMRC are made.", + "question": "When do I have to make payments to HMRC?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "every month", + [] + ], + [ + "quarterly", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll be able to view what you owe HMRC, based on your reports. You then have to pay HMRC, usually every month.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.

    " + ], + "id": "train-675" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay-employer-guide", + "scenario": "I am a business owner. I have recently had an employee request shared parental leave. I have never dealt with this before, and I do not know the requirements.", + "question": "Are there eligibility requirements for shared parental leave?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To qualify for SPL, your employee must share responsibility for the child with one of the following:

    ", + "
  • their husband, wife, civil partner or joint adopter
    • ", + "
  • the child\u2019s other parent
    • ", + "
  • their partner (if they live with them)
    • ", + "

    Your employee or their partner must be eligible for maternity pay or leave, adoption pay or leave or Maternity Allowance.

    ", + "

    They must also:

    ", + "
  • still be employed by you while they take SPL
    • ", + "
  • give you the correct notice including a declaration that their partner meets the employment and income requirements which allow your employee to get SPL
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day of the \u2018qualifying week\u2019, or the week they are matched with a child for adoption in the UK
    • " + ], + "id": "train-676" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay-employer-guide", + "scenario": "My partner and I share responsibility for our son. I am an employee who earns the equivalent of \u00a3140 per week. I am eligible for share parental pay, but I am not sure how much I should get.", + "question": "What amount of pay should I expect if I take my shared parental leave?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "90% of an employee\u2019s average weekly earnings", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    ShPP is paid at the rate of \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of an employee\u2019s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.

    " + ], + "id": "train-677" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england", + "scenario": "I will be studying in Spain for three quarters of my course's length. This is a compulsory part of my course. My permanent address is in central London. I am currently looking for travel grants.", + "question": "Will I be eligible for a travel grant?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get a grant to cover some of your travel expenses if you normally live in England and:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re studying abroad as part of your course, or on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement
    • ", + "

    Your permanent home address must be in England.

    ", + "

    You must attend an overseas institution for at least half of each academic term. This period of study can be compulsory or optional.

    " + ], + "id": "train-678" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england", + "scenario": "I have been approved for a travel grant to study abroad in Japan, but I do not know how much I will receive. My household's income is \u00a333,000 per annum.", + "question": "What amount of funding would I be able to receive?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 3 return journeys between your home and the overseas institution during a full academic year abroad", + [] + ], + [ + "help with essential expenses, medical insurance and travel visas", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get a grant to cover some of your travel expenses if you normally live in England and:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re studying abroad as part of your course, or on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement
    • ", + "

    The amount you get depends on your total household income. This means your income, if you have one, combined with that of your parents or guardians, or spouse or partner if you live with them. Do not count income from other family members you live with.

    ", + "

    You must pay the \ufb01rst \u00a3303 of your travel costs - and your travel grant will be reduced by \u00a31 for each \u00a38.73 of household income over \u00a339,796.

    ", + "

    You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 return journeys between your home and the overseas institution during a full academic year abroad
    • ", + "
  • help with essential expenses, medical insurance and travel visas
    • " + ], + "id": "train-679" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-benefit-debt-deductions", + "scenario": "I have recieved a letter from DWP debt management to do deductions from one of my employee salary due to benefits overpayments.", + "question": "where can i get a detailed guideline on how to calculate the DEA deductions?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the employer\u2019s guide", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Read the employer\u2019s guide for more information on DEA deductions and payments.

    ", + "

    There is more detail about calculating DEA in the employer\u2019s guide.

    " + ], + "id": "train-680" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-benefit-debt-deductions", + "scenario": "I have done the DEA calculations and submitted the money as requested by the DWP for one of my employees. Now he compains that the amount deducted is too much for him to manage.", + "question": "Can i be penalised as an employer if i fail to submit the DEA deductions? If so, how much?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to \u00a31,000", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not make DEA deductions.

    " + ], + "id": "train-681" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/flexible-working", + "scenario": "I am on a full time employment. I am in the current employment for 50 weeks now. Recently for some personal reason. I have a situation to work flexible hours rather than usual 9 to 5", + "question": "Do I have rights to request for flexible working ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All employees have the legal right to request flexible working - not just parents and carers.

    ", + "

    Employees must have worked for the same employer for at least 26 weeks to be eligible.

    ", + "

    Employees can apply for flexible working if they\u2019ve worked continuously for the same employer for the last 26 weeks. It\u2019s known as \u2018making a statutory application.\u2019

    " + ], + "id": "train-682" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/flexible-working", + "scenario": "I am on a full time employment and I had a situation to request to work from home from my employer. I made an application but my situation has now changed", + "question": "Can I withdraw my application after applying ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employees should tell their employer in writing if they want to withdraw their application.

    " + ], + "id": "train-683" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/nhs-bursaries", + "scenario": "I'm a medical student in Bradford, and I recently qualified for an NHS bursary to assist in funding my studies due to my low household income.", + "question": "How will my NHS bursary be paid across the year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "in 12 equal monthly instalments", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The NHS bursary is paid into your bank account in 12 equal monthly instalments.

    " + ], + "id": "train-684" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/nhs-bursaries", + "scenario": "I am a prospective medical student from Manchester with a low household income. I am currently applying for places on medical courses at different universities in England.", + "question": "Do I have to wait until I have an offer from a university before I apply for an NHS bursary?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a doctor or dentist.

    ", + "

    You should wait until you have an offer of a course place from your university or college before you apply for an NHS bursary.

    " + ], + "id": "train-685" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights", + "scenario": "I have just given in my notice to leave my job. The notice period is one month. After prorating the annual leave over the 6 months that I will have worked this year, I have found that I have taken two too many days of annual leave.", + "question": "What happens in this situation?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "their employer must not take money from their final pay", + [ + "

    If a worker has taken more leave than they\u2019re entitled to, their employer must not take money from their final pay unless it\u2019s been agreed beforehand in writing. The rules in this situation should be outlined in the employment contract, company handbook or intranet.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If a worker has taken more leave than they\u2019re entitled to, their employer must not take money from their final pay unless it\u2019s been agreed beforehand in writing. The rules in this situation should be outlined in the employment contract, company handbook or intranet.

    " + ], + "id": "train-686" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights", + "scenario": "I have been ill with a bad headache over the past two days. I have missed these two work days. My employer has told me that I will need to take annual leave to cover these days.", + "question": "Is my employer allowed to decide when I can take my annual leave?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employers can:

    ", + "
  • tell their staff to take leave, for example bank holidays or Christmas
    • ", + "

    If an employer wants a worker to take leave, they need to make sure that the worker can relax, rest and enjoy leisure during their holiday. For example, an employer cannot force a sick worker to take leave.

    " + ], + "id": "train-687" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trade-union-recognition-employers", + "scenario": "My company has 50 employees and would like to participate through a ballot to recognise their union. If the union is recognised and declared by CAC as recognised.", + "question": "Which areas of collective bargaining should i tackle with the union?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "pay", + [] + ], + [ + "hours", + [] + ], + [ + "holiday entitlement", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must work with the union and work out how to collectively bargain on:

    ", + "
  • pay
    • ", + "
  • hours
    • ", + "
  • holiday entitlement
    • " + ], + "id": "train-688" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trade-union-recognition-employers", + "scenario": "I have 30 employees and i had applied to CAC for union recognition but failed due to poor documentations .", + "question": "How long should i wait inorder to apply again?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    They cannot apply if:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019ve applied for recognition in the last 3 years
    • ", + "

    The union will not be able to apply for statutory recognition for 3 years, but you can still recognise them voluntarily.

    " + ], + "id": "train-689" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/flexible-working", + "scenario": "I am an English resident. I have worked for my employer for five years. My normal working location is 9am till 5pm in office, but this is no longer possible for me. I would like more flexible hours and the ability to work from home.", + "question": "Do I have the right to make a statutory application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All employees have the legal right to request flexible working - not just parents and carers.

    ", + "

    Employees must have worked for the same employer for at least 26 weeks to be eligible.

    ", + "

    Employees can apply for flexible working if they\u2019ve worked continuously for the same employer for the last 26 weeks. It\u2019s known as \u2018making a statutory application.\u2019

    " + ], + "id": "train-690" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/flexible-working", + "scenario": "I put in a request for flexible working. My employer proceeded to treat me unfairly, overlooking me for promotion opportunities. I want to take this further.", + "question": "What actions can I take against this treatment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "complain to an employment tribunal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If an employer does not handle a request in a reasonable manner, the employee can take them to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    Employees can complain to an employment tribunal if the employer:

    ", + "
  • did not handle the request in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019
    • ", + "
  • dismissed or treated an employee poorly because of their flexible working request, for example refused a promotion or pay rise
    • " + ], + "id": "train-691" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-disciplinary-action", + "scenario": "I have been reviewing the contracts of my employees after being told that it was missing information. The employee statement of terms and conditions of employment was missing the contact person for disciplinary appeals. I am concerned other things may be missing.", + "question": "Are there any other things I need to include regarding the appeal process?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You should have written disciplinary rules and procedures to deal with employee performance and conduct and you must tell your staff about them.

    ", + "

    Your rules must say what is acceptable and unacceptable behaviour in the workplace and what action you will take if the rules are broken.

    ", + "

    The rules should clearly say when someone might face disciplinary action and what that action could be.

    ", + "

    You must also give the name of someone they should appeal to if they\u2019re unhappy about a disciplinary decision.

    ", + "

    Your employee\u2019s statement of terms and conditions of employment must legally include the person they can apply to if they want to appeal a disciplinary decision. It must also explain how to do this.

    " + ], + "id": "train-692" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-disciplinary-action", + "scenario": "Whilst carrying out disciplinary procedures, we have followed our own code. We have not followed the ACAS code of practice, but have been told we should be.", + "question": "Is it a legal requirement to follow the ACAS code of practice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures when dealing with appeals. Otherwise, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you their award could be higher.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The rules should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures.

    ", + "

    Not following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.

    ", + "

    Your disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.

    ", + "

    The law does not say exactly how you should investigate disciplinary issues or hold disciplinary meetings.

    ", + "

    You should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures when dealing with appeals. Otherwise, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you their award could be higher.

    " + ], + "id": "train-693" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repaying-your-student-loan", + "scenario": "I am an English student who has recently passed his degree. I have been asked by my new employer what plan is my student loan. My course started on the 20th September 2019.", + "question": "What repayment plan am I on for my my student loan?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "plan 2", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019re on Plan 2 if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an English or Welsh student who started an undergraduate course anywhere in the UK on or after 1 September 2012
    • " + ], + "id": "train-694" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repaying-your-student-loan", + "scenario": "I am 35 years old. I had a student loan, which I was first due to repay on 1st April 2007. This student loan is a Plan 1, with the loan being taken out in September 2003.", + "question": "When will my loan be written off?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "25 years after the april you were first due to repay", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When your Plan 1 loan gets written off depends on when you took out the loan.

    ", + "Academic year you took out the loan | When the loan\u2019s written off", + "2006 to 2007, or later | 25 years after the April you were first due to repay" + ], + "id": "train-695" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-for-employers", + "scenario": "I am an employer and I have been asked by the child maintenance service to set up a deduction from earnings order for one of my employees who is employed full time.I want to submit the amount requested promptly.", + "question": "Which is the last date of the month should i submit the amount?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the 19th day of the month", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    By law, you must:

    ", + "
  • send payments as soon as possible, to arrive no later than the 19th day of the month following the month you made the deduction
    • ", + "

    You should send a payment to the Child Maintenance Service so it gets there no later than the 19th day of the month following the month that you took it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-696" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-for-employers", + "scenario": "My employer received a deduction from earnings order (DEO) to pay childcare support from my salary. Being the paying parents and the fact that my wife has complicated our relationship. I have talked to my employer to ignore the order.", + "question": "Can my employer be penalised if he fails to honor the DEO?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    By law, you must:

    ", + "
  • make regular payments - if you do not send payments and do not explain why, you could be taken to court
    • ", + "

    You must deduct the amount of child maintenance stated on the DEO from your employee\u2019s net earnings or their pension and pay it to the Child Maintenance Service. This will include any arrears that are due.

    ", + "

    You can be prosecuted if you do not pay the amount on a deduction from earnings order (DEO).

    ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a3250 or sent to prison for up to 14 days if you do not do what an attachment of earnings order (AEO) says you should do.

    " + ], + "id": "train-697" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "scenario": "My 30 years old brother is a security guard and works full time . His work is very demading such that he can\u2019t have breaks in between.He does surveillance role.", + "question": "Can he qualify for a compensatory rest?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Workers may be entitled to \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 if they don\u2019t have the right to specific rest breaks. Compensatory rest breaks are the same length of time as the break (or part of it) that they\u2019ve missed.

    ", + "

    A worker may be entitled to compensatory rest if:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re doing security and surveillance-based work
    • " + ], + "id": "train-698" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "scenario": "I have been working in a pharmacy shop without breaks due to the flow of customers. I have raised my complaint to my senior boss but has not taken it seriously but ignored me. I feel strained and under pressure.", + "question": "Can i make a claim to the employment tribunal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If a worker can\u2019t solve a problem, they may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Workers who can\u2019t take or aren\u2019t allowed rest breaks should speak to their manager informally.

    ", + "

    Workers can also get advice on rest breaks from the Acas helpline.

    ", + "

    If a worker can\u2019t solve a problem, they may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal.

    " + ], + "id": "train-699" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance-if-you-suspend-or-leave", + "scenario": "I am a full time student from a University in England . I was getting Tuition Fee Loans and received regular finance payments. Now I have dis-continued the course", + "question": "How to stop my student finance payments ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "tell your university or college that you\u2019re leaving or suspending your course", + [] + ], + [ + "contact student finance england", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • tell your university or college that you\u2019re leaving or suspending your course
    • ", + "
  • contact Student Finance England if you\u2019re a student from England
    • " + ], + "id": "train-700" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance-if-you-suspend-or-leave", + "scenario": "I am a full time student. I was receiving student finance to cover my tuition fees. Unfortunately I have to suspend my course because I am seriously ill", + "question": "Who should inform about my situation to Students loan company ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your university or college", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your university or college must tell the Student Loans Company (SLC) about your situation.

    " + ], + "id": "train-701" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-status", + "scenario": "I am contemplating starting a business working from home. I intend to bake cakes and other baked goods and sell them locally at first, then perhaps expand.", + "question": "Would I be considered self employed if I were to work in this way?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A person is self-employed if they run their business for themselves and take responsibility for its success or failure.

    ", + "

    Someone is probably self-employed and shouldn\u2019t be paid through PAYE if most of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • they\u2019re in business for themselves, are responsible for the success or failure of their business and can make a loss or a profit
    • ", + "
  • they can decide what work they do and when, where or how to do it
    • ", + "
  • they use their own money to buy business assets, cover running costs, and provide tools and equipment for their work
    • ", + "
  • they can work for more than one client
    • " + ], + "id": "train-702" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-status", + "scenario": "I do casual work for neighbours involving gardening, waste disposal, painting and decorating and various other odd jobs. I declare my income to the relevant authorities on a monthly basis but it fluctuates from month to month.", + "question": "If someone I was working for refused to pay me, would I have any legal recourse against them?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    However, if a person is self-employed:

    ", + "
  • their rights and responsibilities are set out by the terms of the contract they have with their client
    • " + ], + "id": "train-703" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employee-tax-codes", + "scenario": "I have started with a new employer. I have just received my tax code, which contains COT. I am not familiar with this tax code.", + "question": "What are the conditions that have led to this tax code?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "when an employee whose main home is in wales hasn\u2019t given you a p45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their personal allowance has been used up", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Letters in an employee\u2019s tax code refer to their situation and how it affects their Personal Allowance.

    ", + "Code | How tax is deducted | When this code is usually used", + "C0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee whose main home is in Wales hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up" + ], + "id": "train-704" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employee-tax-codes", + "scenario": "My employee has been W1 emergency tax code. I know this affects the calculation of tax, but I am not sure how.", + "question": "How should tax be calculated with this tax code?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "calculate your employee\u2019s tax only on what they are paid in the current pay period, not the whole year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    1257L is an emergency tax code only if followed by \u2018W1\u2019, \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018X\u2019. Emergency codes can be used if a new employee doesn\u2019t have a P45.

    ", + "

    W1 (week 1) and M1 (month 1) are emergency tax codes and appear at the end of an employee\u2019s tax code, for example \u2018577L W1\u2019 or \u2018577L M1\u2019. Calculate your employee\u2019s tax only on what they are paid in the current pay period, not the whole year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-705" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employee-tax-codes", + "scenario": "I am new to this tax system. Joined in an accounts department to help calculating taxes for employees. I have a newemployee with an annual salary of 11,200 and no additional income", + "question": "Does the employee have to pay tax ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The numbers in an employee\u2019s tax code show how much tax-free income they get in that tax year.

    ", + "

    For example, an employee with the tax code 1257L can earn \u00a312,570 before being taxed. If they earn \u00a327,000 per year, their taxable income is \u00a314,430.

    " + ], + "id": "train-706" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england", + "scenario": "Hi I am Mandy. I am studying French Business at Manchester University. I am due to spend a year on a placement in France.", + "question": "What assistance can I received to help with my stay in France?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 3 return journeys between your home and the overseas institution during a full academic year abroad", + [ + "

    Your permanent home address must be in England.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "help with essential expenses, medical insurance and travel visas", + [ + "

    Your permanent home address must be in England.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get a grant to cover some of your travel expenses if you normally live in England and:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re studying abroad as part of your course, or on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement
    • ", + "

    You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 return journeys between your home and the overseas institution during a full academic year abroad
    • ", + "
  • help with essential expenses, medical insurance and travel visas
    • ", + "

    Your permanent home address must be in England.

    ", + "

    You must attend an overseas institution for at least half of each academic term. This period of study can be compulsory or optional.

    " + ], + "id": "train-707" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england", + "scenario": "Rob here. I am studying German Language at Salford. I will be undertaking a year in Germany in Bonn as part of my degree.", + "question": "Does the scheme cover all my travel expenses or is it means tested?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "depends on your total household income", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get a grant to cover some of your travel expenses if you normally live in England and:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re studying abroad as part of your course, or on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement
    • ", + "

    The amount you get depends on your total household income. This means your income, if you have one, combined with that of your parents or guardians, or spouse or partner if you live with them. Do not count income from other family members you live with.

    ", + "

    You must pay the \ufb01rst \u00a3303 of your travel costs - and your travel grant will be reduced by \u00a31 for each \u00a38.73 of household income over \u00a339,796.

    " + ], + "id": "train-708" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-parental-bereavement-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My partner gave birth to our daughter three months earlier and sadly we were bereaved several days later. Both of us are in full time employment though my partner was just due to take maternity leave. I have been told I cannot get bereavement pay as I changed jobs recently.", + "question": "I am not happy with the decision, who can I contact?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the hmrc statutory payments disputes team", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If an employee is unhappy with your decision, they can contact the HMRC Statutory Payments Disputes Team. They must do this within 6 months of the start date of the Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay period they claimed.

    " + ], + "id": "train-709" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-parental-bereavement-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My employee has recently been bereaved of a daughter. I know I need to pay bereavement pay, but this is difficult given the financial situation of the business.", + "question": "What are the financial help with bereavement pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "reclaim payments", + [] + ], + [ + "apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + [] + ], + [ + "apply for an advance", + [ + "
  • apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    For financial help with statutory pay, you can:

    ", + "
  • reclaim payments
    • ", + "
  • apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments
    • ", + "

    You can apply online for an advance to pay for an employee\u2019s Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-710" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "scenario": "I am a social worker and also studying in a University. I am studying Bachelor's of Science in Computer science in an open university", + "question": "Do I qualify for Social work bursaries ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re training for social work you may get a bursary.

    ", + "

    Social work bursaries are available to eligible social work students who:

    ", + "
  • are studying an approved undergraduate or postgraduate course in social work
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re not eligible for a bursary if you\u2019re studying on an employment-based course including direct Open University courses.

    " + ], + "id": "train-711" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "scenario": "I am a social worker and a full time student. My university informed me that I am eligible for Social work bursaries. I am planning to apply", + "question": "What identity document I have to submit ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your birth certificate", + [] + ], + [ + "your passport (which must be valid)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need to prove your identity by sending both:

    ", + "
  • your birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • your passport (which must be valid)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-712" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trade-union-recognition-employers", + "scenario": "A union has requested recognition from my company. They have provided their given name, but no other information has been given to us.", + "question": "Are unions required to give any more information for recognition?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The written request must:

    ", + "
  • give the name of the union
    • ", + "
  • identify which employees will be represented by the union when it\u2019s recognised, sometimes known as the bargaining unit
    • ", + "
  • state that the union is making the request under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992
    • " + ], + "id": "train-713" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trade-union-recognition-employers", + "scenario": "A ballet has been called, involving our employees, to see whether a union should be recognised. There are twenty employees taking part.", + "question": "What is the required vote to allow the union to be recognised?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the majority of employees in the ballot", + [] + ], + [ + "at least 40% of the employees in the bargaining unit", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The union can apply if:

    ", + "
  • they have evidence that a majority of employees are in favour of recognition - for example, a petition
    • ", + "

    Your employees will be balloted about whether they want the union to be recognised if the majority of employees in the bargaining unit are not members of the union.

    ", + "

    CAC will declare the union is recognised if both:

    ", + "
  • the majority of employees in the ballot vote to recognise the union
    • ", + "
  • at least 40% of the employees in the bargaining unit vote to recognise the union
    • " + ], + "id": "train-714" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-errors", + "scenario": "It has been brought to my attention that I have underpaid one of my employees by \u00a350. I have paid the employee this amount, and I have started preparing a new FPS.", + "question": "What do I need to include on the new FPS?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the difference between what you originally reported and the correct amount in the \u2018in this pay period\u2019 field", + [] + ], + [ + "updated year-to-date figures", + [] + ], + [ + "\u2018h - correction to earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018late reporting reason\u2019 field", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Pay your employee the amount you underpaid them. On or before the day of this payment, send an additional FPS with:

    ", + "
  • the difference between what you originally reported and the correct amount in the \u2018In this pay period\u2019 field
    • ", + "
  • updated year-to-date figures
    • ", + "
  • \u2018H - Correction to earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field
    • " + ], + "id": "train-715" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-errors", + "scenario": "I have paid my PAYE bill to HMRC, but I have found that I have overpaid. This overpayment is due to a \u00a3100 error in the EPS.", + "question": "Can I get a refund for this amount?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you overpaid because of a mistake in your FPS or EPS, make the correction in your next regular report. HMRC will take the overpayment off your next PAYE bill.

    ", + "

    If you overpaid because you entered the wrong amount when paying HMRC, or you made a duplicate payment, you can balance your account by paying less in your next PAYE bill.

    ", + "

    You can also claim a refund if you\u2019ve overpaid by contacting HMRC\u2019s employer helpline.

    " + ], + "id": "train-716" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-student-finance", + "scenario": "I am a student from Spain and studying in an England university. I want to apply for a students loan and have all the required documents.", + "question": "As a EU student, do I need to send proof of identity documents ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Send your non-UK passport or identity card the first time you apply.

    " + ], + "id": "train-717" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-student-finance", + "scenario": "I am a British citizen and a university student from England. I am applying for the Student Finance for the first time. I was asked to submit an UK passport as proof of identity", + "question": "What document I can send instead of my expired UK passport ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your original birth or adoption certificate", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.

    " + ], + "id": "train-718" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/debt-deductions-from-employee-pay", + "scenario": "We are IT consulting company. We have received a 'attachment of earnings order' letter from court for an employee who has left our company 2 years back", + "question": "Is there a timeline to inform court about this ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 10 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You and your employee will each get an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019 (AEO) from the court.

    ", + "

    Write to the court within 10 days if you get an order for someone you do not employ.

    " + ], + "id": "train-719" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/debt-deductions-from-employee-pay", + "scenario": "We are a leading super market company. We have received 2 court orders for an employee to deduct his wages because of a debt.", + "question": "How do we decide which order to pick for deduction first ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "deduct any priority orders first, in the order the employee got them. then deduct the non-priority orders in the order the employee got them.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are 2 types of orders - priority orders and non-priority orders. The way you calculate deductions for them is different.

    ", + "

    If your employee has more than one order

    ", + "

    Deduct any priority orders first, in the order the employee got them. Then deduct the non-priority orders in the order the employee got them.

    " + ], + "id": "train-720" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-adoption-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My partner and I are full time employees earning more than \u00a3 250 per week and have been matched with a child from Sudan. We are planning to take an adoption leave.", + "question": "When should we give notice to our employers?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 28 days of getting their \u2018official notification\u2019", + [] + ], + [ + "within 28 days of the sunday in their 26th week", + [ + "

    If they\u2019ve worked for you for less than 26 weeks, they can tell you within 28 days of the Sunday in their 26th week instead.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Within 28 days of getting their \u2018official notification\u2019, employees adopting from overseas must tell you the date of the notification and when they expect the child to arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    If they\u2019ve worked for you for less than 26 weeks, they can tell you within 28 days of the Sunday in their 26th week instead.

    ", + "

    They must also tell you:

    ", + "
  • the actual date the child arrives in the UK - within 28 days of this date
    • ", + "
  • how much leave they want and when they want it to start - giving you 28 days\u2019 notice
    • " + ], + "id": "train-721" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-adoption-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My sister is a full time employee and earns \u00a3300 per week. She has given her employer a notice of a statutory adoption leave to adopt a child from syria.", + "question": "How much will she get as statutory adoption pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "90% of their gross average weekly earnings", + [ + "
  • 90% of their gross average weekly earnings for the first 6 weeks
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their gross average weekly earnings (whichever is lower)", + [ + "
  • \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their gross average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay (SAP) for employees is:

    ", + "
  • 90% of their gross average weekly earnings for the first 6 weeks
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their gross average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks
    • " + ], + "id": "train-722" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-employee", + "scenario": "I have hired a new employee who left their last job on the 20th April 2021. The employee started on the 5th May 2021, and the P45 hasn't been given to me until the 27th July 2021. I'm not sure how I should deal with this. HMRC has not sent me a tax code.", + "question": "Do I need to add the P45's figures from the rest of the financial year onto the payroll?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need to update your payroll records if your employee gives you a P45 or starter checklist after you\u2019ve registered them with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You only need a starter checklist from your employee to work out their tax code if they do not have a P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.

    ", + "

    Use your employee\u2019s P45 to work out their tax code and update their details in your payroll software.

    " + ], + "id": "train-723" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-employee", + "scenario": "I have hired a new person for plumbing in my construction business. I am unsure whether I should treat them as an employee. They own their own business, for which they have full responsibility.", + "question": "Should I treat them as an employee and add them to PAYE?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You usually have to pay your employees through PAYE if they earn \u00a3120 or more a week (\u00a3520 a month or \u00a36,240 a year).

    ", + "

    You do not need to pay self-employed workers through PAYE.

    ", + "

    As a general rule, someone is:

    ", + "
  • self-employed if they run their own business and are responsible for its success or failure
    • " + ], + "id": "train-724" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights", + "scenario": "I am the manager on an office in Telford, and responsible for distributing holiday leave to my employees. One of my employees has a chronic illness that is flaring up this week.", + "question": "Can I make this employee take holiday leave?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employers can:

    ", + "
  • tell their staff to take leave, for example bank holidays or Christmas
    • ", + "

    If an employer wants a worker to take leave, they need to make sure that the worker can relax, rest and enjoy leisure during their holiday. For example, an employer cannot force a sick worker to take leave.

    " + ], + "id": "train-725" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights", + "scenario": "I just handed in my notice for my office job in Dundee. I have a notice period of 4 weeks.", + "question": "Can I take what is left of my annual leave entitlement during this time?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    During their notice period the worker may be able to take whatever is left of their statutory annual leave.

    ", + "

    Use the holiday entitlement calculator to work this out. How much they get depends on how much of the holiday year has passed.

    " + ], + "id": "train-726" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-employer-or-college-about-criminal-record", + "scenario": "I am currently an employee for an accountancy firm. I have recently been convicted for theft, but will not be serving a prison sentence. I have not yet informed my employer.", + "question": "Do I need to inform my employer about the conviction?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-727" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-employer-or-college-about-criminal-record", + "scenario": "I am a 20 year old student. I have been convicted for a driving offence, and I have been told that I have been given community service. I have been given no end date.", + "question": "When will my community service be spent?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "2 years after you got it", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Community service becomes spent either:

    ", + "
  • one year after its end date
    • ", + "
  • 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date
    • " + ], + "id": "train-728" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-adoption-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My employee is adopting a child from Spain. They have been employed for 36 weeks at the time they have informed me about the adoption. They have given all of the relevant information. And they are requesting statutory adoption pay.", + "question": "Is this employee eligible for statutory adoption pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week in an 8-week period - the \u2018relevant period\u2019
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • become a special guardian or kinship carer
    • ", + "
  • adopt a stepchild or family member
    • ", + "
  • adopt privately, for example without permission from a UK authority or adoption agency
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employees must:

    ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • ", + "
  • be classed as an employee
    • ", + "
  • have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the week they were matched with a child
    • ", + "
  • be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week in an 8-week period - the \u2018relevant period\u2019
    • ", + "
  • give you proof of the adoption
    • ", + "

    The requirements are the same for employees adopting from overseas, except they must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks at the start of the week when the pay will begin.

    ", + "

    Employees will not qualify for either adoption leave or pay if they:

    ", + "
  • adopt privately, for example without permission from a UK authority or adoption agency
    • " + ], + "id": "train-729" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-adoption-pay-leave", + "scenario": "An employee has notified me 7 days after getting matched with a child. They have said they want start the paid leave 15 days from now. This seems quite soon.", + "question": "Is there a minimum time for notice regarding paid leave?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice before they want to be paid Statutory Adoption Pay, unless the time between the child being matched and placed is less than that.

    ", + "

    Within 7 days of being matched with a child, employees must tell you:

    " + ], + "id": "train-730" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-annual-reporting", + "scenario": "We have given out the P60s to our employees. One of our employees has had \u00a350 error in the gross pay for the tax year.", + "question": "What should we do to go about rectifying this error?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "new p60 marked \u2018replacement\u2019", + [] + ], + [ + "letter confirming the change", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Give your employee either a:

    ", + "
  • new P60 marked \u2018replacement\u2019 - this can be paper or electronic
    • ", + "
  • letter confirming the change
    • " + ], + "id": "train-731" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-annual-reporting", + "scenario": "We are coming to the first year of operating payroll. We pay our staff on a weekly basis, and found that we are missing tax of our FPS at the end of the year.", + "question": "How do we deal with the end of the tax year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "make a \u2018week 53\u2019 payment", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you pay your employees weekly, fortnightly or every 4 weeks, you might need to make a \u2018week 53\u2019 payment in your final FPS of the year.

    ", + "

    Your payroll software will work out \u2018week 53\u2019 payments for you.

    ", + "

    In the \u2018Tax week number\u2019 field of your FPS, put:

    ", + "
  • \u201853\u2019 if you pay your employees weekly
    • " + ], + "id": "train-732" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-employee", + "scenario": "I am the acting human resources manager for a medical devices company in London, which currently has 27 employees. We are about to recruit our first newly-qualified graduates into our workforce, and expect most (if not all) of them to have outstanding student loan repayment obligations.", + "question": "Are we obliged to ask new hires about their student loans, or is it up to the employee to voluntarily disclose them?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You should make student loan deductions if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your new employee tells you they\u2019re repaying a student loan or a postgraduate loan, for example on a starter checklist
    • ", + "

    Ask your new employee if they have a student loan or a postgraduate loan - they may have both. If they finished their studies after 6 April in the current tax year, they will not start to repay their loan until the next tax year.

    ", + "

    If your employee has a student loan, ask them to sign in to their repayment account and check which plan to use for deductions. They can contact the Student Loans Company if they\u2019re still not sure.

    " + ], + "id": "train-733" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trade-union-recognition-employers", + "scenario": "I am the managing director of a dairy products producer in Wales. My workforce is already part-unionised; however, another union is now requesting recognition to represent a potentially much larger group of my employees. I fear that negotiations over demarcation are likely to become complex.", + "question": "Can I request that Acas be brought in to assist with the negotiations?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have 10 days to suggest that the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) are brought in to assist with the negotiations.

    " + ], + "id": "train-734" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "scenario": "I am the acting Human Resources Manager for the UK division of a large multinational company, having recently been seconded from our global head office in Germany. I have been tasked with getting rid of some underperforming employees.", + "question": "Is a wrongful dismissal the same as an unfair dismissal in UK employment law?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are different types of dismissal:

    ", + "
  • unfair dismissal
    • ", + "
  • wrongful dismissal
    • ", + "

    A dismissal is fair or unfair depending on:

    ", + "
  • your reason for it
    • ", + "
  • how you act during the dismissal process
    • ", + "

    This is where you break the terms of an employee\u2019s contract in the dismissal process, for example dismissing someone without giving them proper notice.

    ", + "

    Wrongful dismissal is not the same as unfair dismissal.

    " + ], + "id": "train-735" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "scenario": "I am an employee at a medium-sized outdoor equipment retailer, having started work there 18 months ago. There are currently rumours circulating of staff cutbacks as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic's effect on business.", + "question": "How long do I have to have worked for my employer before I can lodge a claim for unfair dismissal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "2 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employees can only claim unfair dismissal if they\u2019ve worked for a qualifying period - unless they\u2019re claiming for an automatically unfair reason.

    ", + "Date employment started | When the employee can claim", + "After 6 April 2012 | After 2 years of employment" + ], + "id": "train-736" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-european-works-council", + "scenario": "I am an employee at a multinational pharmaceutical company with over 6,000 employees, distributed over 6 different sites all within the EEA. I have asked to set up an EWC, but my employer is refusing to provide staffing information relevant to any potential application.", + "question": "Which body should I complain to about my employer's refusal to provide the relevant data?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the central arbitration committee (cac)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Complain in writing to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) about the way a European Works Council (EWC) has been set up or run.

    ", + "

    You can complain if your employer:

    ", + "
  • does not provide information about the size or structure of the company
    • ", + "

    Write to CAC and include the following information:

    " + ], + "id": "train-737" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-european-works-council", + "scenario": "I am a senior vice president of a multinational package delivery company, which has sites in all but 6 of the current EU and/or EEA countries. A group of our employees have just had a request to setup an EWC accepted, and I have been tasked with forming a special negotiating body (SNB) to agree the terms.", + "question": "How long do I have to create this SNB?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "6 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The SNB must:

    ", + "
  • be set up within 6 months from when the request for an EWC was accepted
    • " + ], + "id": "train-738" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-student-finance", + "scenario": "I am 18 years old, and have lived in England for the whole of my life. I am currently in the midst of applying to study for a degree in physics at one of five UK universities, but have not yet received a firm offer from any of them.", + "question": "Do I need to have a confirmed offer of a place before I can apply for Student Finance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not need a confirmed place to apply.

    " + ], + "id": "train-739" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-student-finance", + "scenario": "I am 21 and about to commence a degree course at a university close to my home in Bristol, England, where I live with both my parents. I am applying for both maintenance and tuition fee loans from Student Finance England.", + "question": "Do I need to provide details of my parents' income as well as my own when applying for the maintenance loan?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must provide your household income if you apply for any of the following:

    ", + "
  • full Maintenance Loan
    • ", + "

    Your household income includes any of the following that apply:

    ", + "
  • your parents\u2019 income, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially
    • ", + "
  • income you get from your own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent
    • " + ], + "id": "train-740" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-status", + "scenario": "I am a director of a an office equipment supplier in the Midlands. One of our employees has been with us for several years, and has steadily acquired shares in the company to the extent of having a holding worth in excess of \u00a35,000. She is now requesting flexible working arrangements.", + "question": "Can I refuse this request on the grounds that she is now has \"employee shareholder\" status?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employee shareholders have most of the same employment rights as workers and employees.

    ", + "

    Employee shareholders don\u2019t have these rights:

    ", + "
  • the right to request flexible working - except in the 2 weeks after returning from parental leave
    • " + ], + "id": "train-741" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-status", + "scenario": "I am the HR manager for a large publishing company, whose former chairman retired last year. The board of directors has decided to grant him \"Chairman Emeritus\" status, a position with no contractual duties and unpaid other than for a small annual honorarium.", + "question": "Does this individual qualify as an \"office holder\" in employment law?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • their duties are minimal, and are only those required under the relevant statute, constitution or trust deed
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re effectively working as an independent office, and are not under the close supervision or control of the appointing body
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A person who\u2019s been appointed to a position by a company or organisation but doesn\u2019t have a contract or receive regular payment may be an office holder. This includes:

    ", + "
  • appointments under the internal constitution of an organisation, such as club treasurers or trade union secretaries
    • ", + "

    Someone is likely to be an office holder if most of these statements apply to them:

    ", + "
  • there is no contract or service agreement relating to their appointment
    • ", + "
  • their duties are minimal, and are only those required under the relevant statute, constitution or trust deed
    • ", + "
  • they don\u2019t get a salary or any other form of regular payment for their services
    • ", + "
  • the only payment they get is a voluntary payment (honorarium), regardless of the work they do - tax and National Insurance are deducted by the appointing body
    • ", + "
  • they\u2019re effectively working as an independent office, and are not under the close supervision or control of the appointing body
    • " + ], + "id": "train-742" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-parental-bereavement-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I am 43, and have been employed by a company in Maidenhead, England for the last six years. I married my current wife 4 years ago, and she had a daughter from her previous relationship who lived with us until she tragically died of leukaemia 3 days ago.", + "question": "If I wish to take Parental Bereavement Leave, how much notice do I have to give my employer?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "before the time they would normally start work on the first day of the period they want to take off work.", + [ + "

    0 to 8 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth

    " + ] + ], + [ + "at least one week\u2019s notice", + [ + "

    9 to 56 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    0 to 8 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth

    ", + "

    An employee must give you notice before the time they would normally start work on the first day of the period they want to take off work.

    ", + "

    9 to 56 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth

    ", + "

    An employee must give you at least one week\u2019s notice before the start of the week or weeks they want to take off work.

    " + ], + "id": "train-743" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-parental-bereavement-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I am the HR director of a publishing company based in Windsor, England. One of my long-term (6 years) employees recently lost a child to a stillbirth, and has requested Parental Bereavement Leave effective immediately.", + "question": "How many weeks of leave am I legally required to grant this employee?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "2 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    An employee can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave from the first day of their employment for each child who has died or was stillborn.

    ", + "

    They can choose to take:

    ", + "
  • 2 weeks together
    • ", + "
  • 2 separate weeks of leave
    • ", + "
  • only one week of leave
    • ", + "

    They can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave in one block or as 2 separate blocks of one week.

    " + ], + "id": "train-744" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "scenario": "I am an employee at a biscuit factory in Paisley, Scotland. Four years ago my employer voluntarily recognised a trade union as a representative of the company's workers; however, my immediate colleagues and I believe that it no longer adequately represents our interests.", + "question": "What evidence for our belief do we need to send to the Central Arbitration Committee in order to get this union derecognised?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised", + [] + ], + [ + "a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Provide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:

    ", + "
  • at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised
    • ", + "
  • a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition
    • ", + "
  • a majority of employees in the bargaining are likely to favour an end to the bargaining arrangements
    • " + ], + "id": "train-745" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "scenario": "I am the owner of a high street retailing business which has fallen on hard times in the wake of the pandemic. At our peak we had over 150 employees, who were represented by a trade union whom we voluntarily recognised six years ago. Now our headcount has fallen below 20, and the remaining workers include a union shop steward who is being unreasonably obstructive of our attempts to turn the company around.", + "question": "Given the shrunken state of the business, is it now possible to get the union derecognised?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Where recognition has been declared by the CAC, you can apply to have a union derecognised in any of the following situations:

    ", + "
  • the number of people employed by the company has fallen to less than 21
    • ", + "

    As an employer, you can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to have a trade union derecognised if both of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period
    • ", + "
  • it is more than 3 years since recognition was declared by the CAC
    • " + ], + "id": "train-746" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/flexible-working", + "scenario": "I own and operate a vehicle hire firm, based in London. One of my best sales reps, who has been with us for nearly a decade, has made a request to work flexible hours following a change to his family circumstances.", + "question": "How long can I take to consider this request before giving him a formal decision in writing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 months", + [] + ], + [ + "longer", + [ + "

    They should usually make a decision within 3 months of the request (or longer if agreed with the employee).

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    They should usually make a decision within 3 months of the request (or longer if agreed with the employee).

    " + ], + "id": "train-747" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/flexible-working", + "scenario": "I am an employee of a large software house, where I have worked for nearly four years. I recently made a request to work flexibly from a remote location, but this was turned down by my employer on the grounds of negative effects on performance.", + "question": "Do I have a statutory right to an appeal against this refusal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employers must deal with requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.

    ", + "

    Examples of handling requests in a reasonable manner include:

    ", + "
  • offering an appeal process
    • ", + "

    Employees no longer have a statutory right to an appeal.

    ", + "

    But offering an appeals process helps to demonstrate that the employer is handling requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-748" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contract-types-and-employer-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I own and manage a small biotech company, which at the moment has 25 full-time employees. We are considering employing temporary staff through an employment agency to meet increased demand due to the pandemic.", + "question": "Whose responsibility is it to ensure that working time regulations are complied with - the employee, or the agency which provides them?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the agency\u2019s responsibility", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As an employer, the tax and employment responsibilities you have for your staff will depend on the type of contract you give them and their employment status.

    ", + "

    As an employer, you can hire temporary staff through agencies. This means:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s the agency\u2019s responsibility to make sure workers get their rights under working time regulations
    • " + ], + "id": "train-749" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contract-types-and-employer-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I am a former partner in an LLP, which we have just converted into a limited company in order to begin hiring our first staff. The company provides translation services, and we are considering hiring some (advanced) foreign language students on a zero-hours, on-call basis.", + "question": "Do workers on zero-hours contracts have different entitlement to statutory annual leave that full-time employees do?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Zero-hours workers are entitled to statutory annual leave and the National Minimum Wage in the same way as regular workers.

    " + ], + "id": "train-750" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/training-study-work-your-rights", + "scenario": "I am 32, a computer programmer and have for the last three years worked for a software services company at its headquarters in Oxford. Despite being large (>500 employees) and well-established, my employer doesn't appear to have a policy regarding requests for time off for training. I have never requested training before.", + "question": "What information am I legally required to include in any request for time off for training other than basics like the date and course subject?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "where and when it would take place", + [] + ], + [ + "who\u2019ll be providing the training", + [] + ], + [ + "the name of the qualification they could get - if any", + [] + ], + [ + "why they think this study or training will help them do their job better and help their employer\u2019s business", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employees should follow their organisation\u2019s rules to ask for time off. If there aren\u2019t any they can write to their employer saying it\u2019s a request \u2018under Section 63D of the Employment Rights Act 1996\u2019 with the following details:

    ", + "
  • the date
    • ", + "
  • the subject matter of the study or training
    • ", + "
  • where and when it would take place
    • ", + "
  • who\u2019ll be providing the training
    • ", + "
  • the name of the qualification they could get - if any
    • ", + "
  • why they think this study or training will help them do their job better and help their employer\u2019s business
    • ", + "
  • if they\u2019ve made a request before and when
    • " + ], + "id": "train-751" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/training-study-work-your-rights", + "scenario": "I am 24 and for two years have been an employee of a large financial services provider in the City of London. I have made a formal request to my manager for time off to take a training course in financial technology, and have now been offered a meeting to discuss this.", + "question": "Do I have the right to be accompanied to the meeting by a colleague?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The employer has 28 days to:

    ", + "
  • hold a meeting with the employee to discuss it
    • ", + "

    The employee can take a trade union representative or colleague to the meeting. They can ask for the meeting to be postponed if this person can\u2019t make it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-752" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-annual-reporting", + "scenario": "I own and run a publishing company which currently has 73 employees. We make payroll once a month, making only monthly payments to our employees (i.e. no wages are paid weekly).", + "question": "What is the deadline for sending the final Full Payment Submission in any given tax year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "on or before your employees\u2019 last payday of the tax year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "What you need to do | When", + "Send your final payroll report of the year | On or before your employees\u2019 payday", + "

    Send your final Full Payment Submission (FPS) on or before your employees\u2019 last payday of the tax year (which ends on 5 April).

    " + ], + "id": "train-753" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-annual-reporting", + "scenario": "I own and run an software firm based in Dundee, Scotland. We pay our workforce monthly and have relatively high levels of employee expenses and benefits, on which we make Class 1 NI contributions via the PAYE system.", + "question": "What are the deadlines for reporting expenses?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "6 july", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Report employee expenses and benefits | By 6 July", + "

    You must report expenses and benefits to HMRC by 6 July.

    " + ], + "id": "train-754" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jobcentre-plus-help-for-recruiters", + "scenario": "I am the HR manager of a small biotechnology company in Wales, which is currently looking for an onsite cleaner. We would like to offer an opportunity to a local unemployed person, and are considering running a work trial to determine suitability", + "question": "Are there limits to how long such a trial can be run, and if so what are they?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "last no more than 5 days", + [ + "
  • be for a job which is at least 16 hours a week for at least 13 weeks
    • ", + "
  • last no more than 5 days if the job is for less than 6 months
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "last no more than 30 days", + [ + "
  • be for a job which is at least 16 hours a week for at least 13 weeks
    • ", + "
  • last no more than 30 days (and usually around 5 days) for jobs lasting 6 months or more
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "longer than 30 days", + [ + "

    The work trial can be longer than 30 days if the jobseeker needs more time to adjust to being back at work. This needs to be agreed before the work trial starts.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "end when you\u2019re sure about whether the jobseeker is suitable for the role", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The work trial must:

    ", + "
  • be for a job which is at least 16 hours a week for at least 13 weeks
    • ", + "

    You need to agree the length of the work trial with the jobseeker before it starts. It must:

    ", + "
  • end when you\u2019re sure about whether the jobseeker is suitable for the role
    • ", + "
  • last no more than 5 days if the job is for less than 6 months
    • ", + "
  • last no more than 30 days (and usually around 5 days) for jobs lasting 6 months or more
    • ", + "

    The work trial can be longer than 30 days if the jobseeker needs more time to adjust to being back at work. This needs to be agreed before the work trial starts.

    " + ], + "id": "train-755" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jobcentre-plus-help-for-recruiters", + "scenario": "I own and operate a shipping company based in Immingham, England. We are currently looking at employing and training some recent school leavers (i.e. aged <20), potentially as formal apprentices.", + "question": "How do apprenticeships differ from \"work experience\" under current regulations?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-756" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-benefit-debt-deductions", + "scenario": "I own and run a small office supplies company in Slough, England. I recently received a letter from the DWP requesting that I calculate and make DEA deductions from the pay of one of my employees who had previously been overpaid benefits by them.", + "question": "Do my employee's travel expenses count as part of their income when calculating the amount to deduct?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Do not count:

    ", + "
  • expenses
    • " + ], + "id": "train-757" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-benefit-debt-deductions", + "scenario": "I am a recovering alcoholic who was reliant on state benefits for several years, during which I accumulated significant benefit debt. I have now turned my life around and started work at a new job, which pays me a monthly salary of \u00a31,100. However, this morning by employer notified me that he had received a DEA notice from the DWP regarding me.", + "question": "How much of my monthly salary will my employer be expected to deduct?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "7%", + [] + ], + [ + "14%", + [ + "

    In some circumstances you may be asked to deduct DEA at a higher rate. The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will tell you which rate to use when it contacts you to set up DEA deductions.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Deductions from earnings | Employee\u2019s weekly pay | Employee\u2019s monthly pay", + "7% | \u00a3220.01 to \u00a3270 | \u00a3950.01 to \u00a31,160", + "

    In some circumstances you may be asked to deduct DEA at a higher rate. The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will tell you which rate to use when it contacts you to set up DEA deductions.

    ", + "14% | \u00a3220.01 to \u00a3270 | \u00a3950.01 to \u00a31,160" + ], + "id": "train-758" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "scenario": "I am currently employed part-time as a care assistant and am also studying for a first degree in social work via a non-residential part-time course offered by my local university. My household income is around \u00a316,000 pa, but my employer does not directly contribute to the cost of my training.", + "question": "Am I likely to be eligible for a social work bursary?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • are studying an approved undergraduate or postgraduate course in social work
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Social work bursaries are available to eligible social work students who:

    ", + "
  • don\u2019t get funding from their employer
    • ", + "
  • are studying an approved undergraduate or postgraduate course in social work
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t already have a higher education social work qualification
    • " + ], + "id": "train-759" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "scenario": "I'm 18 and am currently a 1st year student on a social work degree course at a UK university. I have a maintenance loan from Student Finance, and am considering applying for a social work bursary as well.", + "question": "What forms of identification do I need to send along with my application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your birth certificate", + [] + ], + [ + "your passport (which must be valid)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need to prove your identity by sending both:

    ", + "
  • your birth certificate
    • ", + "
  • your passport (which must be valid)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-760" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty", + "scenario": "I own and operate a small business with 30 employees, whom we compensate via the PAYE system. After missing a filing deadline earlier this year, we have received a penalty notice from HMRC.", + "question": "If we choose to pay the penalty with Direct Debit, how much time should be allow for the debit to be processed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 working days", + [ + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "5 working days", + [ + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set up one for HMRC before)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)
    • ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set up one for HMRC before)
    • ", + "

    Allow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.

    " + ], + "id": "train-761" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty", + "scenario": "I am an accounts manager with a recruitment agency, which currently has 45 members of staff. We received a late payment penalty notice from HMRC last week, after a miscalculation regarding deadlines in the previous quarter.", + "question": "Is it still possible to pay the penalty charge using a cheque, drawn on our corporate bank account and sent via the post?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    " + ], + "id": "train-762" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-tax", + "scenario": "I am the finance director of a autoparts manufacturer based in the midlands, which currently has 294 employees. Our PAYE bill for the previous month is now due, and I would like to pay from our corporate bank account.", + "question": "Is it still possible to pay by cheque through the post?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you pay by cheque through the post the deadline is the 19th of the month.

    ", + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    You can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have fewer than 250 employees.

    " + ], + "id": "train-763" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-tax", + "scenario": "I own and operate a small publishing company based in Herefordshire, with 34 current employees. Our finance director sadly died recently as a result of the pandemic, and I am currently trying to sort out our monthly payroll and dealings with HMRC myself.", + "question": "What is the deadline for paying our PAYE bill for the current tax month?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the 22nd of the next tax month", + [] + ], + [ + "the 19th of the month", + [ + "

    If you pay by cheque through the post the deadline is the 19th of the month.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must pay your PAYE bill to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by:

    ", + "
  • the 22nd of the next tax month if you pay monthly
    • ", + "

    If you pay by cheque through the post the deadline is the 19th of the month.

    " + ], + "id": "train-764" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-employer-or-college-about-criminal-record", + "scenario": "I am 18, live in England and am currently applying to several universities to study for a degree in mechanical engineering. Three years ago I received a Youth Caution from the police after being caught with a small quantity of drugs.", + "question": "Do I have to notify any University that I apply to about my caution?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply for a role or placement, you might need to tell your potential employer, university or college about a:

    ", + "
  • caution you got from the police
    • ", + "

    You only need tell the employer, university or college about a conviction or caution:

    ", + "
  • if they ask you to, for example in an interview or on an application form
    • ", + "
  • for a specific amount of time after you got it, or always for certain roles
    • ", + "

    Most convictions or cautions then become \u2018spent\u2019 after a specific amount of time. This might be after a few months or years, or straight away.

    ", + "

    You only need to tell a potential employer, university or college about a spent conviction or caution if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • they ask you to
    • ", + "
  • they tell you that the role needs a standard or enhanced DBS check
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s not removed (\u2018filtered\u2019) from DBS certificates
    • ", + "

    They become spent straight away.

    " + ], + "id": "train-765" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-employer-or-college-about-criminal-record", + "scenario": "I am 42 and live and work in England. Three years ago I was sentenced to be bound over the keep the peace for 6 months, after getting into a fight with a neighbour over a parking dispute. I am now looking for a new job.", + "question": "Is my conviction regarded as \"spent\" yet?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • 2 years after you got one, if there\u2019s no end date
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    They become spent either:

    ", + "
  • on the date they end
    • ", + "
  • 2 years after you got one, if there\u2019s no end date
    • " + ], + "id": "train-766" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-adoption-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I am an employee at a consulting firm based in East Anglia, where I have worked for the last four years. My partner and I are about to adopt a child, and I intend to claim for both Statutory Adoption Leave and Statutory Adoption Pay.", + "question": "What is the formula for calculating Statutory Adoption Pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "90% of their gross average weekly earnings", + [ + "
  • 90% of their gross average weekly earnings for the first 6 weeks
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their gross average weekly earnings (whichever is lower)", + [ + "
  • \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their gross average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Statutory Adoption Pay (SAP) for employees is:

    ", + "
  • 90% of their gross average weekly earnings for the first 6 weeks
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their gross average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks
    • " + ], + "id": "train-767" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-adoption-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I own and run a small publishing company based in Brighton, England. One of my editors has decided to adopt a child from overseas with his partner, and has notified me that he intends to claim both Statutory Adoption Leave and Statutory Adoption Pay for at least the first six weeks after the child's arrival.", + "question": "What proof do I need to request and record in order to correctly document the Statutory Adoption Pay claim for HMRC?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "proof of the adoption", + [ + "
  • name and address of the agency and employee
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employees must:

    ", + "
  • give you proof of the adoption
    • ", + "

    Employees must give you proof of adoption to qualify for Statutory Adoption Pay. Proof is not needed for Statutory Adoption Leave unless you ask for it.

    ", + "

    For adoption, the proof must show the:

    " + ], + "id": "train-768" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employee-tax-codes", + "scenario": "I have just been appointed finance director for a consulting firm based in the City of London, and my duties will of course include our supervising our payroll. After the disruption caused to HMRC by the pandemic, I am concerned that I may not receive my employees' new tax codes for the next financial year in time.", + "question": "If I don't receive notification of new employee tax codes from HMRC by the end of March, is it OK to carry forward the existing codes into the next financial year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    If your employee\u2019s tax code ends with \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018W1\u2019 (\u2018month 1\u2019 or \u2018week 1\u2019), don\u2019t carry this part of the code into the new tax year.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you between January and March about any new tax codes to use for employees in the new tax year. This starts on 6 April.

    ", + "

    If an employee\u2019s tax code isn\u2019t changing, HMRC won\u2019t contact you and you should carry forward the employee\u2019s tax code to the new tax year.

    ", + "

    If your employee\u2019s tax code ends with \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018W1\u2019 (\u2018month 1\u2019 or \u2018week 1\u2019), don\u2019t carry this part of the code into the new tax year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-769" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-disciplinary-action", + "scenario": "I am an associate in the Human Resources Department of a medium-sized startup company in Wales. I am currently drawing up our employees' handbook, and have been referred to the ACAS code of practice by my superior.", + "question": "Is there a legal requirement for the company to follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The rules should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures.

    ", + "

    Not following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.

    ", + "

    Your disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.

    ", + "

    The law does not say exactly how you should investigate disciplinary issues or hold disciplinary meetings.

    ", + "

    However, the Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work has lots of practical advice about running disciplinary proceedings professionally and fairly.

    " + ], + "id": "train-770" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-for-employers", + "scenario": "I am the HR manager for a medium-sized financial services firm. One of our employees is currently the subject of a DEO, which we are paying to the CMS as instructed. However, this individual has just given notice that they will be leaving at the end of this month.", + "question": "Do we have to notify the CMS of their departure, and if so how soon?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service if you find a mistake in the amount you\u2019ve paid. You can either:

    ", + "

    Tell the Child Maintenance Service if your employee\u2019s circumstances change.

    ", + "

    If your business stops trading, or if your employee leaves your employment, you must tell the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days.

    " + ], + "id": "train-771" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-for-employers", + "scenario": "I own and operate a software services company based in Dundee, Scotland. I have received a DEO in respect of one of my employees; however, she is currently on Statutory Maternity Leave and receiving Statutory Maternity Pay.", + "question": "Does her Statutory Maternity Pay count as earnings for the purposes of the DEO?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your employee cannot pay child maintenance by DEO or AEO if their only earnings are in the following categories:

    ", + "
  • Statutory Paternity Pay
    • " + ], + "id": "train-772" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance", + "scenario": "I am the chief executive of a registered charity in the healthcare sector. We employ 34 people, and last year had a Class 1 NI liability of \u00a33165 (primarily due to employee travel expenses).", + "question": "Can we claim the full \u00a34000 of Employment Allowance, or only up to the level of our actual NI liability?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can only claim against your employers\u2019 class 1 national insurance liability", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employment Allowance allows eligible employers to reduce their annual National Insurance liability by up to \u00a34,000.

    ", + "

    You can only claim against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability up to a maximum of \u00a34,000 each tax year. You can still claim the allowance if your liability was less than \u00a34,000 a year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-773" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance", + "scenario": "I am the finance director of an electronic components firm, which currently employs over 100 people. Due to an oversight by my predecessor we had, until this year, neglected to claim for Employment Allowance, despite meeting the required threshold of Class 1 NI liability for most of the past 6 years.", + "question": "Can we make a claim for the allowance against our previous years' NI liabilities?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you claim late and do not use your Employment Allowance against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities, you\u2019ll have to ask HMRC to do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • use any unclaimed allowance at the end of the year to pay any tax or National Insurance you owe (including VAT and Corporation Tax if you do not owe anything on your PAYE bill)
    • ", + "

    You can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years, dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-774" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england", + "scenario": "I am a medical student currently studying at an English university and living nearby. The next year of my course will involve a placement in Germany for 3 months out of the 12.", + "question": "Can I claim travel expenses for the overseas placement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You must attend an overseas institution for at least half of each academic term. This period of study can be compulsory or optional.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get a grant to cover some of your travel expenses if you normally live in England and:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re studying abroad as part of your course, or on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a medical or dental student studying abroad or attending a clinical placement in the UK
    • ", + "

    Your permanent home address must be in England.

    ", + "

    You must attend an overseas institution for at least half of each academic term. This period of study can be compulsory or optional.

    " + ], + "id": "train-775" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england", + "scenario": "I am a computer science student studying for a degree at the University of London, England. My course is funded privately, and I do not currently receive payments through student finance. I have been offered an Erasmus work placement in France as part of my final year.", + "question": "Can I claim support for my overseas trip through Student Finance, even though I don't currently have an account?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get a grant to cover some of your travel expenses if you normally live in England and:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re studying abroad as part of your course, or on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement
    • ", + "

    You can also get a travel grant if you\u2019re on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement. Other work placements do not count.

    ", + "
  • Apply for student finance for your study abroad using your student finance account. You can register and set up an account if you do not already have one.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-776" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance", + "scenario": "I am 19, British and hoping to start a BA degree course at the University of Birmingham in the near future. This will be a three year course, run at the normal rate, and they will charge the full amount permitted for tuition fees.", + "question": "What is the present upper limit for tuition fee loans?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to \u00a39,250", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + " | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year", + "Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250" + ], + "id": "train-777" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance", + "scenario": "I am 22, a citizen of France and have lived in the UK for a little over seven years, having \"settled status\". I now wish to begin a course of study leading to a first (BSc) degree, which will be taught full-time over four years at a UK University.", + "question": "Am I eligible for both a tuition fee loan and help with living costs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to get a Tuition Fee Loan and help with living costs if you\u2019re from an EU country, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland.

    ", + "

    You may be eligible for help with your living costs if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived in the UK for more than 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course
    • ", + "
  • you have settled status
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re\u00a0starting a course\u00a0on\u00a0or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.

    " + ], + "id": "train-778" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/handling-employee-grievance", + "scenario": "I am an employee at a catering services firm in Birmingham, and have lodged a grievance with my employer with the help of my trade union representative. We have been verbally assured by the company's HR manager that they \"follow the Acas Code of Practice\".", + "question": "Is the company in fact obliged to follow the Acas Code of Practice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The Acas Code of Practice isn\u2019t legally binding. However, an employment tribunal can reduce or increase any money awarded in a case by up to 25% if the code hasn\u2019t been followed.

    " + ], + "id": "train-779" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/handling-employee-grievance", + "scenario": "I am the managing director of a professional services firm, and recently had to discipline an employee for misconduct. This employee then filed a grievance against the sanctions imposed, and I am currently writing up our decision to reject this. One witness to the misconduct has, however, requested to be kept anonymous.", + "question": "Is it permissible to omit the witness's name when writing to the parties involved?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-780" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "scenario": "I am 17 years old, and currently work as an apprentice carpenter in a local joinery. My contract stipulates a 30-hour minimum work week, with payment by the hour rather than by finished work.", + "question": "What right to take rest breaks do I have as an under-18?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a 30 minute rest break", + [ + "
  • a 30 minute rest break if they work more than 4.5 hours (if possible this should be one continuous break)
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "daily rest of 12 hours", + [] + ], + [ + "weekly rest of 48 hours", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Workers have the right to one uninterrupted 20 minute rest break during their working day, if they work more than 6 hours a day. This could be a tea or lunch break.

    ", + "

    Young workers (above school leaving age and under 18) are usually entitled to:

    ", + "
  • a 30 minute rest break if they work more than 4.5 hours (if possible this should be one continuous break)
    • ", + "
  • daily rest of 12 hours
    • ", + "
  • weekly rest of 48 hours
    • " + ], + "id": "train-781" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "scenario": "I am 55 and work as a delivery driver for a shipping company, where I am paid a fixed rate per delivery and am expected to be available at short notice. My employer claims that the \"mobile\" nature of the work means that I am not entitled to the three standard types of rest break.", + "question": "Can I claim the 3 general types of rest break?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Workers over 18 are usually entitled to 3 types of break - rest breaks at work, daily rest and weekly rest.

    ", + "

    Workers aren\u2019t entitled to the 3 general types of rest break if they work in:

    ", + "
  • a job where they freely choose what hours they work (like a managing director) or where the work is not measured (ie no set hours)
    • ", + "
  • air or road transport (known as \u2018mobile\u2019 workers)
    • ", + "

    Air, sea or road transport workers may be covered by special rules that give them different rest rights.

    ", + "

    Mobile workers not covered by any special rules usually have the right to regular rest so that their health and safety (or anyone else\u2019s) isn\u2019t put at risk.

    " + ], + "id": "train-782" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "scenario": "I own and manage a very small biotechnology startup company, which currently has only four employees. Owing to our small size I run our monthly payroll myself, and file the necessary reports with HMRC.", + "question": "As we are so small, is it possible to make reports and payments at wider intervals than monthly?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.

    " + ], + "id": "train-783" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "scenario": "I am a newly-qualified accountant who has just started work at a small startup company. This has been in existence for just over 2 years and appears (so far) to have kept correct records of its employee payments and dealings with HMRC through the PAYE system.", + "question": "Is there a list of records which HMRC requires to be kept, and for how long they need to be kept?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must collect and keep records of:

    ", + "
  • what you pay your employees and the deductions you make
    • ", + "
  • reports you make to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • payments you make to HMRC
    • ", + "
  • employee leave and sickness absences
    • ", + "
  • tax code notices
    • ", + "
  • taxable expenses or benefits
    • ", + "
  • Payroll Giving Scheme documents, including the agency contract and employee authorisation forms
    • " + ], + "id": "train-784" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay", + "scenario": "I am the managing director of a package delivery company based in London. Recently one of my employees was attacked by a dog while making a delivery, and has so far been absent for 14 days for medical treatment. He had already booked 4 days of annual leave on dates within this period of absence.", + "question": "Should my employee's annual leave days be paid at the same SSP rate as the lost work days?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-785" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay", + "scenario": "I own and run an electronic components factory with just over 200 employees. One of my employees is currently absent through illness, and has requested SSP. I am sceptical as to whether she is actually sick.", + "question": "How soon can I request medical proof of this employee's sickness?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "after 7 days off", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To qualify for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) employees must:

    ", + "
  • give you proof of their illness, only after 7 days off
    • " + ], + "id": "train-786" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/nhs-bursaries", + "scenario": "I am a first-year undergraduate study for a degree in medicine, on a course funded by the NHS. I have been resident in the UK for the whole of my 18 years.", + "question": "Is my household income independent to determining how large an NHS Bursary I can get?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:

    ", + "
  • a bursary from the NHS
    • ", + "

    Your bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    Whether you can get an NHS bursary depends on:

    ", + "
  • your household income
    • ", + "

    Your total bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be either your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.

    " + ], + "id": "train-787" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/nhs-bursaries", + "scenario": "I am a lifelong UK resident and have applied for a place on a NHS-funded degree course which will ultimately lead to my qualification as a dentist. I am strongly considering applying for an NHS Bursary.", + "question": "Should I wait for my place to be confirmed before making my NHS bursary application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You should wait until you have an offer of a course place from your university or college before you apply for an NHS bursary.

    " + ], + "id": "train-788" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights", + "scenario": "I am an employee at a biotechnology startup in Epsom, England. I draw an annual salary of \u00a344,000, am paid monthly and at present have accrued over 20 days of holiday entitlement. I hope to take 10 days (two working weeks) of these in a single block.", + "question": "Is there a formula for calculating the amount of notice I need to give before taking leave?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "twice as long as the amount of leave a worker wants to take, plus 1 day", + [] + ], + [ + "what\u2019s in the contract", + [ + "

    If the contract says something different about the notice a worker or employer should give, what\u2019s in the contract will apply.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The general notice period for taking leave is at least twice as long as the amount of leave a worker wants to take, plus 1 day. For example, a worker would give 3 days\u2019 notice for 1 day\u2019s leave.

    ", + "

    If the contract says something different about the notice a worker or employer should give, what\u2019s in the contract will apply.

    " + ], + "id": "train-789" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights", + "scenario": "I am the managing director of a financial services firm based in the City of London. Recently one of our senior staff members handed in his resignation, and is now commencing the six weeks notice period stipulated in his contract. He also has 24 days of leave entitlement accrued, which we would prefer that he didn't take during his notice period.", + "question": "Is it possible to \"buy back\" his leave entitlement during this notice period?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The only time someone can get paid in place of taking statutory leave (known as \u2018payment in lieu\u2019) is when they leave their job. Employers must pay for untaken statutory leave, even if the worker is dismissed for gross misconduct.

    " + ], + "id": "train-790" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage", + "scenario": "I am 22, and work part-time at a local health food co-operative. I have no formal contract of employment, which I understand classifies me as a worker rather than an employee.", + "question": "Am I still entitled to be paid the National Minimum Wage?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The National Minimum Wage is the minimum pay per hour almost all workers are entitled to. The National Living Wage is higher than the National Minimum Wage - workers get it if they\u2019re over 23.

    ", + "

    It does not matter how small an employer is, they still have to pay the correct minimum wage.

    ", + "

    People classed as \u2018workers\u2019 must be at least school leaving age to get the National Minimum Wage. They must be 23 or over to get the National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    Workers are also entitled to the correct minimum wage if they\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • part-time
    • " + ], + "id": "train-791" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage", + "scenario": "I own and run a fruit farm in Kent, which currently employs four full-time staff and a further 16 workers on a part-time, seasonal basis. I am diligent about paying the correct wage rates and have decided to do my own accounts and record keeping to save money.", + "question": "For how long am I required to keep records of my monthly payroll calculations?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 6 years", + [ + "
  • were created on or after 1 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • still had to be kept on 31 March 2021 under the previous rule that records must be kept for 3 years
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It\u2019s the employer\u2019s responsibility to keep records proving that they are paying the minimum wage. These records must be kept for at least 6 years if they:

    ", + "
  • were created on or after 1 April 2021
    • ", + "
  • still had to be kept on 31 March 2021 under the previous rule that records must be kept for 3 years
    • " + ], + "id": "train-792" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-1a-national-insurance", + "scenario": "I own and operate a small business in Scotland, with almost 50 employees. We run payroll on a monthly basis, via the PAYE system. Various benefits are given to employees, including phones and company cars.", + "question": "When is the deadline for paying the preceding year's Class 1A contributions on these benefits?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "22 july", + [ + "

    You need to pay contributions on work benefits by 22 July each year for the previous tax year. You\u2019ll need to pay by 19 July if paying by post.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to pay contributions on work benefits by 22 July each year for the previous tax year. You\u2019ll need to pay by 19 July if paying by post.

    " + ], + "id": "train-793" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-1a-national-insurance", + "scenario": "I own and manage a football club in Cardiff, Wales. We have around 100 employees, including players whom we compensate via the PAYE system along with our other staff. One of our players is approaching his 10th anniversary with the club, and we are organising a sporting testimonial for him.", + "question": "Are we required to pay Class 1A contributions on income from our players testimonial events?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • more than \u00a3100,000
    • ", + "
  • not in the player\u2019s contract
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The testimonial committee must pay Class 1A National Insurance if the payment to a player is:

    ", + "
  • more than \u00a3100,000
    • ", + "
  • not in the player\u2019s contract
    • " + ], + "id": "train-794" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I own and run a SME employing just over 50 people. One of my long-term employees has given notice that she intends to claim both statutory maternity leave and statutory maternity pay, but so far has not provided proof of pregnancy.", + "question": "Do I have to grant her SMP and SML requests if she doesn't provide this evidence by her SML start date?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    The employee should give you proof within 21 days of the SMP start date. You can agree to accept it later if you want. You do not have to pay SMP if you have not received proof of the due date 13 weeks after the SMP start date.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employees must:

    ", + "
  • give you proof they\u2019re pregnant
    • ", + "

    You must get proof of the pregnancy before you pay SMP. This is usually a doctor\u2019s letter or a maternity certificate (known as an MATB1 certificate). Midwives and doctors usually issue these 20 weeks before the due date.

    ", + "

    The employee should give you proof within 21 days of the SMP start date. You can agree to accept it later if you want. You do not have to pay SMP if you have not received proof of the due date 13 weeks after the SMP start date.

    ", + "

    You cannot refuse maternity leave or change the amount of leave your employees want to take.

    " + ], + "id": "train-795" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I am the HR director for a firm in the construction industry. I have received verbal notice from an employee that she wishes to claim both SML and SMP, but have calculated that her earnings and employment history do not meet the required thresholds to grant her request for the latter.", + "question": "What form do I have to use to reject her SMP request?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the smp1 form", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To refuse it, give the employee the SMP1 form within 7 days of your decision. They must get this form within 28 days of their request for Statutory Maternity Pay or the birth (whichever is earlier).

    " + ], + "id": "train-796" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/debt-deductions-from-employee-pay", + "scenario": "I own and manage a small engineering firm in Newark, England. I recently received a priority attachment of earnings order regarding a divorced employee whose has been delinquent in paying child maintenance.", + "question": "Who do I need to notify if the employee is actually earning less than the protected earnings rate given in the order?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the centralised attachment of earning payments (caps) office", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have to tell the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office you could not make a deduction. Send an email to caps@justice.gov.uk with the:

    ", + "
  • reason you could not make any deduction
    • " + ], + "id": "train-797" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/debt-deductions-from-employee-pay", + "scenario": "I work as a salaried (plus commissions) employee at a car dealership in Birmingham. I have unpaid debts to a finance company, who obtained a CCJ against me. The court has now sent a non-priority attachment of earnings order to both my employer and myself.", + "question": "Can my employer deduct from my commissions and performance-related bonuses as well as my base salary?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • Calculate your employee\u2019s earnings.
    • ", + "
  • Take off the normal deduction rate from their earnings.
    • ", + "
  • Take off an extra \u00a31 towards your administrative costs (if you want to).
    • ", + "
  • Send the deduction to the court.
    • ", + "

    Deduct the full amount from your employee\u2019s earnings if it does not take them below their protected earnings rates.

    ", + "

    Non-priority orders are used for debts from a county court judgment (CCJ).

    ", + "
  • Pay your employee the remainder of their earnings. You must pay them at least their protected earnings rate.
    • ", + "

    You can only make a deduction from the following earnings:

    ", + "
  • wages, fees, bonuses, commissions, overtime pay or any payments on top of wages
    • " + ], + "id": "train-798" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minimum-wage-different-types-work", + "scenario": "I own and manage a small pottery, in which employees hand-craft crockery and ornaments which are customised to the purchaser's individual preferences. I pay a fixed rate for each finished ornament, but also specify the minimum amount of time which must be spent on each piece.", + "question": "Is this type of work considered to be output work or time work for minimum wage purposes?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "time work", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Workers paid per task they perform or piece of work they do (known as piece work) are classed as doing \u2018output work\u2019.

    ", + "

    Output work can usually only be used in limited situations when the employer does not know which hours the worker does (such as with some home workers).

    ", + "

    The work is not classed as output work if the employer sets either:

    ", + "
  • a minimum or maximum time the worker must work
    • ", + "

    If the employer sets the times of work this counts as \u2018time work\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-799" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minimum-wage-different-types-work", + "scenario": "I run a small hardware store in Birmingham, England. Most of my employees are paid an annual salary and bonus, which fully complies with minimum wage requirements. However, the unpredictable nature of retail means that overtime hours are frequently required (in excess of those stipulated in their contracts of employment).", + "question": "Does the minimum wage rate also apply to any overtime hours that an employee works?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employers must pay at least the minimum wage for any hours worked in addition to what\u2019s agreed in the worker\u2019s contract.

    " + ], + "id": "train-800" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance-if-you-suspend-or-leave", + "scenario": "I am 20, and currently in the middle of the first term of the final year of a degree course at a college in the west of England. After attending a routine medical check-up yesterday I was told that I have a malignant melanoma, which will require both immediate surgery and then 6-8 weeks of chemotherapy. The latter will likely seriously impair my ability to study effectively.", + "question": "If I suspend my studies for the duration of the chemotherapy, can I get a maintenance loan to cover my needs during the period of suspension?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might be able to get student finance while you\u2019re away from your course if you suspend due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get a Maintenance Loan for 60 days after you suspend your course.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re having financial difficulties after 60 days you might be able to get more Maintenance Loan.

    ", + "

    You might still be able to get a Maintenance Loan for some or all the time you\u2019re away from your studies.

    " + ], + "id": "train-801" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance-if-you-suspend-or-leave", + "scenario": "I am a first-year undergraduate student at a university in London. I'm 4 weeks into my second semester and struggling quite badly with my studies, and after a long consultation with my tutors I have decided to leave my course immediately. I have both maintenance and tuition fee loans with Student Finance England.", + "question": "How much of my tuition fee loan will I need to repay to Student Finance England if I do quit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "50% of the loan for the year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    How much you need to repay and when you need to repay it depends on:

    ", + "
  • what type of student finance you have
    • ", + "
  • when in the academic year you leave your course
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019re planning to return to your course or not
    • ", + "

    How much and when you have to repay depends on:

    ", + "
  • the type of student finance you have
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to repay at least some of your Tuition Fee loan for the year that you suspend or leave your course.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to pay back:

    ", + "
  • 50% of the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 2
    • " + ], + "id": "train-802" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-if-your-employer-is-insolvent", + "scenario": "I am 53, a UK national and have worked for my employer for a little over 10 years. However, as of this morning my employer has been declared insolvent and has asked me to take immediate redundancy.", + "question": "How much redundancy pay am I entitled to from my former employer?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019re normally entitled to redundancy pay if you:

    ", + "
  • have been made redundant
    • ", + "
  • were an employee
    • ", + "
  • were continuously employed by the insolvent business for 2 years or more
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and 41 or older
    • ", + "

    Redundancy payments are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).

    " + ], + "id": "train-803" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-if-your-employer-is-insolvent", + "scenario": "I am 37, and for the past year have worked without taking any of my holiday entitlement from my employer of 7 years standing, in an ultimately futile effort to help them stave off insolvency. Nevertheless, my employer is set to be declared insolvent later this week.", + "question": "If I am made redundant, can I claim payment for all the unused holiday entitlement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get paid for:

    ", + "
  • holiday days owed that you did not take (\u2018holiday pay accrued\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re only paid for holidays you took or accrued in the 12 months before your employer became insolvent.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll only get payments for up to 6 weeks of holiday days. Holiday pay is capped at \u00a3544 per week (\u00a3538 per week if your employer went insolvent before 6 April 2021).

    " + ], + "id": "train-804" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stamp-duty-land-tax", + "scenario": "I live in Brighton, England and have just had an offer to purchase my first home, in a nearby village, accepted by the seller. We expect to exchange contracts on August 23rd 2020, for an agreed price of \u00a3390,000.", + "question": "How much SDLT should I expect to pay, as a first time buyer?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no sdlt up to \u00a3300,000", + [] + ], + [ + "5% sdlt on the portion from \u00a3300,001 to \u00a3500,000", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim a discount (relief) if you buy your first home before 8 July 2020 or from 1 July 2021. This means you\u2019ll pay:

    ", + "
  • no SDLT up to \u00a3300,000
    • ", + "
  • 5% SDLT on the portion from \u00a3300,001 to \u00a3500,000
    • " + ], + "id": "train-805" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stamp-duty-land-tax", + "scenario": "I am an expatriate Uk citizen, who retired to Spain three years ago and has not returned since. I do, however, own the freehold on my old UK home and lease it to a tenant, and am now considering the purchase of two additional rental properties there as an investment.", + "question": "Are the standard rates of SDLT for UK residents also applicable to purchases by non-residents?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re buying a residential property there are different rates of SDLT if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re not a UK resident
    • " + ], + "id": "train-806" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "scenario": "I have just purchased my first home, a 1960s two-bedroomed detached house in a village in West Yorkshire, England which I bought with a mortgage from a building society. Despite its age this house does not appear to be registered with the land registry.", + "question": "If I want to register the property myself, what documentation will I need to provide?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form", + [] + ], + [ + "a \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form.", + [] + ], + [ + "a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer", + [] + ], + [ + "a land transaction return certificate", + [ + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Include the same forms as for registering for the first time and a \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form.

    ", + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • ", + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • ", + "

    You may also need to send:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • ", + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • ", + "
  • a certified copy of the lease, if you\u2019re applying to register leasehold land or property
    • " + ], + "id": "train-807" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "scenario": "I have just inherited the lease on a property near Devizes, England from my late grandfather, who sadly passed away last month. The lease appears to have just over six years left to run.", + "question": "Do I need to register the change of ownership of the lease with the land registry?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must register all land or property with HM Land Registry if you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • inherited it
    • ", + "

    You do not usually need to register leasehold land or property if there are 7 years or less on the lease when you take ownership.

    " + ], + "id": "train-808" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leasehold-property", + "scenario": "I own a lease on a small apartment in a block in London, England, and have been a tenant there for over 15 years. The lease is, however, due to expire in three months time and I am worried that the property company which owns the freehold may evict me.", + "question": "Does the expiry of the lease also void my tenancy agreement with the landlord/freeholder?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not have to leave the property when the lease expires. In law, a lease is a tenancy and the leaseholder is a tenant. The tenancy will continue on exactly the same terms unless you or the landlord decide to end it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-809" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leasehold-property", + "scenario": "I own the freeholds on three properties in Rhayader, Wales, which I am keen to sell to raise funds. Two of these are subdivided into flats, and have resident leaseholders who have expressed interest in acquiring their freeholds in the past.", + "question": "Do I have to give these leaseholders first refusal on any sale of the freehold(s)?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Landlords who want to sell the freehold of a building containing flats usually have to offer the leaseholders the first chance to buy it. This is known as your right of first refusal.

    " + ], + "id": "train-810" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-information-about-property-and-land", + "scenario": "I am a private investigator, currently working for a finance company performing deep background checks on high value loan applicants. I am currently investigating an applicant who is offering a house as collateral for a loan.", + "question": "What entry on the land registry tell me whether or not there is outstanding mortgage finance owing on the property?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "title register", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The title register has details about the property or land (in a PDF). It includes:

    ", + "
  • whether a mortgage on it has been \u2018discharged\u2019, for example paid off
    • ", + "

    The title summary (viewable online) includes:

    ", + "
  • the lender\u2019s name and address (if there is a mortgage on the property)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-811" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-information-about-property-and-land", + "scenario": "I am interested in purchasing a property in a village in Somerset, and have been assured by the estate agent handling it that the property has increased substantially in value since it last changed hands. I have tried to verify this myself by consulting the land registry, but cannot find a corresponding entry in the online register!", + "question": "Is there a way that I can consult the index map directly, to see if this information does in fact exist?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Ask for a search of the index map if a property doesn\u2019t come up on a search of the register.

    ", + "

    Use it to find the title number of a property that does not appear in a search of the register.

    ", + "

    You cannot search the map yourself.

    " + ], + "id": "train-812" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-about-tree-order", + "scenario": "I own and manage a farm in the Cotswolds and am currently renovating on old stable block and adding a new paddock. The latter requires removing a tree, which a conservation group has persuaded my local council to issue a tree preservation order on.", + "question": "How long do I have from the date of decision in which to lodge an appeal against this order?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "28 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal if you applied to cut down or carry out work on a protected tree and:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with the decision
    • ", + "

    You must appeal:

    ", + "
  • within 28 days of the date on the council\u2019s decision notice
    • " + ], + "id": "train-813" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-about-tree-order", + "scenario": "I am a property developer who is attempting to renovate an old apartment building in central Manchester. In order to do this, I hired a tree surgeon to pollard a tree which stands in the central courtyard; however, some ornithologists have managed to obtain a tree preservation order preventing this.", + "question": "If I appeal, should I sent my documents to the local council or to the planning inspectorate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the council who made the decision and the planning inspectorate.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Email these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.

    " + ], + "id": "train-814" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "scenario": "I own a four-bedroomed family home on the outskirts of Nuneaton, England, which I am now about to sell. This has been the main residence of myself and my partner and children for the past 18 years, and has a total footprint of just under 400 square meters if the garden is included.", + "question": "Will I need to pay Capital Gains Tax on the sale of this house?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you have not let part of it out or used part of it for business only
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need to pay:

    ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax when you sell a home
    • ", + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it
    • ", + "
  • you have not let part of it out or used part of it for business only
    • ", + "
  • the grounds, including the buildings, are smaller than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-815" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "scenario": "I live in Scotland, am a professional landlord and am currently in the process of buying a new property to add to my portfolio. The sale is being done through an estate agent, and he has just provided an updated Energy Performance Certificate for the property (the previous owner not having obtained one).", + "question": "Am I legally required to show this EPC to any prospective tenants?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must order an EPC for potential buyers and tenants before you market your property to sell or rent.

    ", + "

    In Scotland, you must display the EPC somewhere in the property, for example in the meter cupboard or next to the boiler.

    ", + "

    The person selling the house, the landlord or the letting agent must show you the EPC if you\u2019re buying or renting.

    ", + "

    These include:

    ", + "
  • listed buildings - you should get advice from your local authority conservation officer if the work would alter the building\u2019s character
    • " + ], + "id": "train-816" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-acquire-buying-housing-association-home", + "scenario": "I have been a tenant of a housing association for over 6 years, and 2 months ago made an application to purchase the 2-bedroomed flat in which I reside under Right to Acquire. The landlord has now replied with an offer, but I consider this to have been unfairly determined", + "question": "Who can I request an independent third party valuation of the property?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a district valuer from hm revenue & customs", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you think your landlord has set your home\u2019s market value too high, you must write to them within 3 months of getting the offer and ask for an independent valuation.

    ", + "

    A district valuer from HM Revenue & Customs will visit your home and decide how much it\u2019s worth. You have 12 weeks to accept their valuation or pull out of the sale.

    " + ], + "id": "train-817" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-acquire-buying-housing-association-home", + "scenario": "I have been a housing association tenant in Bradford, England for two years and three months, and was a council tenant for the eight years preceding that period. I am now looking to acquire the house in which I currently reside from the landlord, who acquired it in late 2004.", + "question": "Does my council tenancy count towards the three year qualifying period for Right to Acquire?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to buy your housing association home if you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord for 3 years. These landlords include:

    ", + "
  • housing associations
    • ", + "
  • councils
    • ", + "

    Your property must either have been:

    ", + "
  • transferred from a local council to a housing association after 31 March 1997
    • " + ], + "id": "train-818" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "scenario": "I am a keen sea angler and own a 12-metre open boat, based in Falmouth, Cornwall. In addition to fishing I also use the boat to conduct tours of the local coastline for interested tourists.", + "question": "Which category should be boat be registered under on the UK Ship Register?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "part 1", + [ + "
  • a commercial boat, unless you plan to use it for fishing
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "part 2", + [ + "

    Use Part 2 of the register if you\u2019re using your boat to catch and sell fish.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are 4 different parts of the register. Which part you use depends on what you\u2019re using your boat for:

    ", + "
  • Part 1 - commercial or pleasure boats
    • ", + "
  • Part 2 - fishing boats
    • ", + "

    You can use Part 1 of the register if you have either:

    ", + "
  • a commercial boat, unless you plan to use it for fishing
    • ", + "

    Use Part 2 of the register if you\u2019re using your boat to catch and sell fish.

    " + ], + "id": "train-819" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "scenario": "I live in Reedham, Norfolk and have just acquired a 15-seater, second hand riverboat. I intend to use this both for my own pleasure and as a passenger-carrying alternative to the local chain ferry across the Yare, during periods in which it is not in service. I have acquired a BSS certificate and a boatmaster's license.", + "question": "Which authority do I now need to register the boat with?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the broads authority", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You usually need to register or licence your boat if you want to keep or use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use to find out.

    ", + "

    Register or license your boat with the navigation authority responsible for the waterway you want to use.

    ", + "

    Register with the Broads Authority.

    " + ], + "id": "train-820" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/electricalwaste-producer-supplier-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I own a large (ca. 1,500 square metres of sales space) high-street electronics store in a town in southern England, which operates a free like-for-like takeback service when selling new products to customers, in addition to taking back any 'very small WEEE' items that they bring in.", + "question": "Is it required to take back 'very small WEEE' from non-customers too?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must take back all items of \u2018very small WEEE\u2019 in store if your electrical and electronic equipment sales area is greater than 400 square metres including aisle, display and shelf space.

    ", + "

    You must provide this service to everyone for free, regardless of whether they\u2019ve bought anything from your store.

    " + ], + "id": "train-821" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/electricalwaste-producer-supplier-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I own an electronics retailing business which now operates entirely online, having just sold off our former high street store (and its WEEE takeback facility) to a competitor. We currently sell around \u00a319,000,000 of electronics goods each year.", + "question": "Are we eligible to use the Distributor Takeback Scheme for WEEE disposal, or will we need to set up a new collection point of our own?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "have your own take back service", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you do not have your own take back service, you must join the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS).

    ", + "

    You can use the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) instead of providing a takeback service, if either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your business sells less than \u00a3100,000 of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) per year
    • ", + "
  • you only sell online
    • " + ], + "id": "train-822" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-hedgerow-notice", + "scenario": "I own and run a small farm in rural Oxfordshire, on the outskirts of Russell's Water. Earlier this year I applied for permission to remove a hedgerow which forms the boundary between two of my fields; however, my local council demurred and instead sent me a hedgerow retention notice.", + "question": "If I want to appeal against this notice to the planning inspectorate, what documentation do I need to provide?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a copy of your original application", + [] + ], + [ + "the reason for your appeal", + [] + ], + [ + "a copy of the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice", + [] + ], + [ + "any other documents that directly support your appeal", + [] + ], + [ + "a hedgerow appeal form", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Fill in a hedgerow appeal form.

    ", + "

    You also need:

    ", + "
  • a copy of your original application
    • ", + "
  • the reason for your appeal
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal
    • ", + "

    Email these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.

    " + ], + "id": "train-823" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-hedgerow-notice", + "scenario": "I live in a small cottage in the Mendips, which lies at one end of a valley whose land is owned by a single farmer who recently removed a hedgerow without obtaining permission. After both I and a local conservation charity had complained about this the local council issued him with a hedgerow replacement notice. He has not complied with this, however, and is now launching an appeal to the planning inspectorate.", + "question": "Will I be able to comment on his appeal if I don't have access to internet?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Anyone can comment on a hedgerow appeal.

    ", + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently comment by post. You can still comment by email.

    " + ], + "id": "train-824" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-buy-buying-your-council-home", + "scenario": "I purchased my current family home in Norwich, England from the local council 9 years ago under the right-to-buy scheme. With my children having now grown up and left home my partner and I are now looking to sell the house and retire to something a little smaller.", + "question": "Can I now sell my home to whomever I like on the open market?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • a national park
    • ", + "
  • an area of outstanding natural beauty
    • ", + "
  • an area the government says is rural for Right to Buy
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can sell your home to anyone if the landlord does not agree to buy it within 8 weeks.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you sell your home within 10 years of buying it through Right to Buy, you must first offer it to either:

    ", + "
  • your old landlord
    • ", + "
  • another social landlord in the area
    • ", + "

    You can sell your home to anyone if the landlord does not agree to buy it within 8 weeks.

    ", + "

    Your former landlord may limit who you can sell your home to if your home is in:

    ", + "
  • a national park
    • ", + "
  • an area of outstanding natural beauty
    • ", + "
  • an area the government says is rural for Right to Buy
    • " + ], + "id": "train-825" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-tenant-right-to-rent-documents", + "scenario": "I have recently begun letting out my former family home to tenants, and have just had to perform my first right-to-rent check. The tenant's documents appear to be in order, and I have made high quality photocopies of them as directed.", + "question": "For how long do I need to keep my copies of these documents?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "for the time they\u2019re your tenants and for one year after", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Keep copies of the tenant\u2019s documents for the time they\u2019re your tenants and for one year after.

    " + ], + "id": "train-826" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-tenant-right-to-rent-documents", + "scenario": "I am a letting agent working for an agency in Coventry, England. One of our client landlords has asked us to perform right-to-rent checking as part of our upcoming background check on a prospective tenant, but this is not specifically referenced in the current terms and conditions of our current contract.", + "question": "Can we skip the current term and include this check later?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must check that a tenant or lodger can legally rent your residential property in England.

    ", + "

    You can ask any agents that manage or let your property to carry out the check for you. You should have this agreement in writing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-827" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-high-hedges-decision", + "scenario": "I live in a small village in Somerset, and have a neighbour whose privet hedge has been allowed to grow to such a height that it completely blocks the light to my rear garden, preventing me from growing anything. I complained about this to the local council, but they have declined to issue a remedial notice.", + "question": "How long do I have in which to lodge an appeal against this refusal with the planning inspectorate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "28 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must appeal within 28 days of:

    ", + "
  • your council\u2019s decision either to take no action, or to change an existing remedial notice (withdraw, waive or relax)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-828" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-high-hedges-decision", + "scenario": "I own a home in a rural area of Wales, which is currently surrounded on 3 sides by high Leylandii hedges. Despite the fact that I have no immediate neighbours, I have received a remedial order from the local council ordering me to drastically prune them back. I have written to the planning inspectorate to appeal this decision.", + "question": "How long will I have to wait for the planning inspectorate to make their decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 34 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll normally get a decision within 34 weeks.

    " + ], + "id": "train-829" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-way-open-access-land", + "scenario": "I live in a village in SW England and am a keen recreational walker. A nearby farm has recently changed hands, and the new owner is refusing to allow a formerly permissive path across his land to be used as a right of way. However, I have uncovered evidence that this may have been a formal right of way in the past.", + "question": "Can I gain access to this (former) right on way on this basis?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have the right to access some land for walking or certain other leisure activities.

    ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • use your right to roam on open access land including mountains, moors, heaths, downs, common land and some land around the England Coast Path
    • ", + "

    If neither of these apply, you may still be able to access private land if:

    ", + "
  • the land was used as a public right of way in the past - check old maps and documents
    • " + ], + "id": "train-830" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-way-open-access-land", + "scenario": "I live in England and frequently backpack in the hills during my vacation periods. A favourite area of mine has recently been designated as \"open access land\", and I am considering camping there in the near future.", + "question": "Is there a general right to camp on open access land?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can access some land across England without having to use paths - this land is known as \u2018open access land\u2019 or \u2018access land\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can use access land for walking, running, watching wildlife and climbing.

    ", + "

    There are certain activities you cannot usually do on open access land, including:

    ", + "
  • camping
    • " + ], + "id": "train-831" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-agreements-a-guide-for-landlords", + "scenario": "I own a house in Walsall, England which is currently partitioned into a house in multiple occupation, for four tenants all on periodic assured shorthold tenancies. All four have been in residence for over a year, i.e. from before the coronavirus pandemic.", + "question": "How much notice to quit do I need currently need to give my tenants?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "6 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A tenancy can either be:

    ", + "
  • periodic (running on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis)
    • ", + "

    If you want your tenants to leave, you must give them notice in a particular way, including certain information and warnings. This depends on the type of tenancy agreement and its terms.

    ", + "

    You must give your tenants written notice that you want the property back (\u2018notice to quit\u2019) and the date they must leave. The notice period you give them must be at least:

    ", + "
  • 6 months if you gave notice on or after 29 August 2020
    • " + ], + "id": "train-832" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-agreements-a-guide-for-landlords", + "scenario": "I own and live in a 3-bedroomed flat in central Manchester, and rent one of these bedrooms out to a lodger in return for payment on a weekly basis. We do not currently have a formal tenancy agreement of any kind, and I am unsure of my rights regarding eviction.", + "question": "How are \"lodgers\" classified legally?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "excluded tenancy or licence", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have a lodger living in your home and share rooms with them, like a kitchen or bathroom, you may have one of these. This usually gives your lodger less protection from eviction than other types of agreement.

    ", + "

    If you live with a lodger and share rooms with them, you\u2019ll often have an excluded tenancy or licence.

    " + ], + "id": "train-833" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "scenario": "I am currently sharing a rented house with my brother, who is also my next of kin. This has been put up for sale by our landlord, and we are considering a shared purchase of the freehold.", + "question": "If I want to make sure that my brother inherits the property if I die, would we be better off buying as \"beneficial joint tenants\" or \"tenants in common\"?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "as joint tenants", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As joint tenants (sometimes called \u2018beneficial joint tenants\u2019):

    ", + "
  • the property automatically goes to the other owners if you die
    • ", + "
  • you cannot pass on your ownership of the property in your will
    • ", + "

    As tenants in common:

    ", + "
  • the property does not automatically go to the other owners if you die
    • ", + "
  • you can pass on your share of the property in your will
    • " + ], + "id": "train-834" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "scenario": "I currently part-own a house as a tenant-in-common with a long-term friend, who has now accepted my proposal of marriage! We would thus like to convert to being joint tenants on an equal basis.", + "question": "How much does it cost for converting our ownership to joint tenancy?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "there\u2019s no fee", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • Send the form and documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-835" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "scenario": "I am 23, work as a trainee estate agent and live in Leeds, England. I share a rented house with two other people, both of whom are full time students in higher education.", + "question": "Am I required to pay council tax, and how much discount am I eligible for if so?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "25% off your bill", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll get 25% off your bill if you count as an adult for Council Tax and either:

    ", + "
  • no-one else in your home counts as an adult
    • ", + "

    You will not have to pay any Council Tax if everyone in your home, including you, is a full-time student.

    ", + "

    These people are not counted as adults for Council Tax:

    ", + "
  • full-time college and university students
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a Council Tax bill if there\u2019s someone in your household who\u2019s not a full-time student, but your household might still qualify for a discount.

    " + ], + "id": "train-836" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "scenario": "I am the owner-occupier of a house in Birmingham, where I live with my wife. My wife became a paraplegic as a result of a traffic accident three years ago, and this has required us to extend our house to provide extra storage space for her mobility aids.", + "question": "If the extension moves our house into a higher council tax band, can I claim a discount on the basis of my wife's disability?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    The property must be the main home of at least 1 disabled person. This can be an adult or a child - it does not have to be the person responsible for paying the Council Tax.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be eligible for the scheme if you live in a larger property than you would need if you or another occupant were not disabled.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve either:

    ", + "
  • extra space inside the property for using a wheelchair
    • ", + "

    The property must be the main home of at least 1 disabled person. This can be an adult or a child - it does not have to be the person responsible for paying the Council Tax.

    " + ], + "id": "train-837" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-enforcement-notice", + "scenario": "I own and manage a farm in rural Kent, which currently covers 520 hectares. I recently built a new extension to a listed building (a stable block) on my land, but have received an enforcement notice from my local council to remove it on the grounds that I violated the terms of the relevant planning permission.", + "question": "Can I lodge an appeal against this notice by post?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.

    " + ], + "id": "train-838" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-enforcement-notice", + "scenario": "I rent an apartment in a converted schoolhouse in a small village in Somerset. About four months ago a neighbour constructed a huge unsightly fence around his property without obtaining the proper planning permission. After I notified the local council, he was served with an enforcement notice two weeks ago ordering him to remove it. He has not complied, and last week filed an appeal against the notice.", + "question": "How long do I have to submit comments on his appeal before it gets decided?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "6 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Anyone can comment on an enforcement notice appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal.

    ", + "

    The deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.

    " + ], + "id": "train-839" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deposit-protection-schemes-and-landlords", + "scenario": "I am letting agent who is currently representing a new landlord who wishes to rent out his former home as an HMO to tenants on assured shorthold tenancies. I recently signed the first tenancy agreement for this, and took possession of the tenant's deposit.", + "question": "What is the deadline for placing this deposit in a TDP scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 30 days of getting it", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You (or your letting agent) must put your tenants\u2019 deposit in the scheme within 30 days of getting it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-840" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deposit-protection-schemes-and-landlords", + "scenario": "I am a prospective tenant, who is considering taking out an assured shorthold tenancy on a 2-bedroom flat in Oxford. I will be unable to finance the required deposit myself; however, my parents have agreed to pay part of it for me.", + "question": "Will contributions to my deposit by my parents be treated differently from my own money?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must place your tenants\u2019 deposit in a tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme if you rent out your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007.

    ", + "

    You must use a TDP scheme even if the deposit is paid by someone else, like a rent deposit scheme or a tenant\u2019s parents.

    " + ], + "id": "train-841" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-minor-commercial-development-decision", + "scenario": "I own the freehold on a terraced row of small shops in a suburb of Leeds, England, and have an office within the same building. I am looking to renovate the terrace, and as part of this process I applied for permission to remove the partition wall between two of the shops to create a single, larger unit. However, this permission was refused by the local council.", + "question": "If I appeal this matter to the planning inspectorate, what documents do I need to include?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your original application", + [] + ], + [ + "the site ownership certificate", + [] + ], + [ + "the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice", + [] + ], + [ + "a map of the surrounding area", + [] + ], + [ + "any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll need to submit copies of:

    ", + "
  • your original application
    • ", + "
  • the site ownership certificate
    • ", + "
  • the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to submit:

    ", + "
  • a map of the surrounding area
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal
    • " + ], + "id": "train-842" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-minor-commercial-development-decision", + "scenario": "I live in a small village in the Quantocks, and am active in the Campaign to Protect Rural England. Last year a local shopkeeper attempted to gain planning permission to install some hideous steel shutters on the front of his shop as a security measure; however, this was refused after opposing comments by myself and several others. However, I have now been notified that he intends to appeal this refusal to the planning inspectorate.", + "question": "Can I comment on the storekeeper's appeal to the planning inspectorate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    No-one can comment on a minor commercial development decision appeal.

    " + ], + "id": "train-843" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "scenario": "My uncle owns a transport limited company . His father died as he was in the process of making self assessment returns for the tax year 2020-2021. He wishes to do the returns online.", + "question": "What is the deadline for the 2020-2021 if he files returns online?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "midnight 31 january 2022", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Self Assessment | Deadline", + "Online tax returns | Midnight 31 January 2022" + ], + "id": "train-844" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "scenario": "My employer has missed paying the self assessment tax return on time because the accountant resigned . He has managed to file the returns late by 3 months.", + "question": "How much penalty Will he pay after the delay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3100", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll pay a late filing penalty of \u00a3100 if your tax return is up to 3 months late. You\u2019ll have to pay more if it\u2019s later, or if you pay your tax bill late.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "pay more", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll pay a late filing penalty of \u00a3100 if your tax return is up to 3 months late. You\u2019ll have to pay more if it\u2019s later, or if you pay your tax bill late.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll get a penalty if you need to send a tax return and you miss the deadline for submitting it or paying your bill.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay a late filing penalty of \u00a3100 if your tax return is up to 3 months late. You\u2019ll have to pay more if it\u2019s later, or if you pay your tax bill late.

    " + ], + "id": "train-845" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-to-bankrupt-someone", + "scenario": "I am owed a small amount of money from a debtor which I would like to chase as a matter of principle. I live in London. The debt is a result of a private loan I made to a friend which remains unpaid", + "question": "Does my location have any bearing on whether I can bankrupt my debtor?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have to present a bankruptcy petition to a court if you want to bankrupt someone because they owe you money.

    ", + "

    You must check if the debtor has had any bankruptcy petitions against them in the past 18 months. These checks are called \u2018searches\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must confirm you\u2019ve carried out the searches by writing a declaration - use the wording below and fill in the petition number and the name of the court if applicable.

    " + ], + "id": "train-846" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repossession", + "scenario": "My mortgage lender has started a house repossession action against me . I have received a defense form . I will use it to explain to the court the reasons why my house should not be repossessed.", + "question": "When am i supposed to return it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 14 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use the form to explain why you think the lender should not repossess your home. You need to return it within 14 days.

    " + ], + "id": "train-847" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repossession", + "scenario": "I live in England . I have an unpaid mortgage due to the change of my income. I was hospitalized the whole of last year due to long terms covid Complications and lost my job.The lender has taken repossession action against me.", + "question": "Can i get a legal aid?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income you may be able to get legal aid.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Check if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income you may be able to get legal aid.

    " + ], + "id": "train-848" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/married-couples-allowance", + "scenario": "My partner and I are in our late twenties and both of us work full time. We are not married but have a civil partnership that has lasted for nearly 8 years. We have no immediate plans to marry.", + "question": "Can we claim married couple's allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • one of you was born before 6 April 1935
    • " + ], + "id": "train-849" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/married-couples-allowance", + "scenario": "My husband of forty years and I claim married couples' allowance. We are both retired but are very active in our local community. A lot of our income goes towards local charities.", + "question": "Do we get a tax break due to our charitable donations?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • one of you was born before 6 April 1935
    • ", + "

    If you pay tax and give money to a UK charity using Gift Aid, contact HMRC. It can increase the tax allowances if you were born before 6 April 1938.

    " + ], + "id": "train-850" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/building-regulations-approval", + "scenario": "My wife and i would like to have the windows replaced on our house. It seemed easy at first but we are confused as to what we need to do about Building Regulations.", + "question": "Can our contractor handle this for us?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You do not need to get approval yourself if you use someone registered with a competent person scheme.

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply for approval yourself if the work is not covered by building regulations, or if it\u2019s carried out by someone who\u2019s registered with a competent person scheme.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not need to get approval yourself if you use someone registered with a competent person scheme.

    ", + "

    You might also need building regulations approval for many alteration projects, including if you plan to:

    ", + "
  • replace windows and doors
    • ", + "

    You do not need to apply for approval yourself if the work is not covered by building regulations, or if it\u2019s carried out by someone who\u2019s registered with a competent person scheme.

    ", + "

    An installer (eg of windows or boilers) who\u2019s registered with a scheme can self-certify that their work complies with buildings standards and can deal with building control issues, like objections.

    " + ], + "id": "train-851" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/building-regulations-approval", + "scenario": "I am a part time builder and i have decided to do the work on my house myself. I am not part of the Competent Person scheme so will need to apply for Building regulations.", + "question": "Where and how do i apply?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u2018building control body\u2019 (bcb)", + [] + ], + [ + "your council", + [] + ], + [ + "a private approved inspector", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact a \u2018building control body\u2019 (BCB) to check the building regulations or apply for approval.

    ", + "

    You can apply for approval from your council.

    ", + "

    You can apply through a private approved inspector.

    " + ], + "id": "train-852" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-pension", + "scenario": "My grandfather has terminal lung cancer and has been given only 6 months to live. He has a lifetime allowance of \u00a3990,000. He is 60 years old.", + "question": "Can he be paid a tax free lampsum of all his money?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to take all the money in your pension as a tax-free lump sum, if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 75
    • ", + "
  • you don\u2019t have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings
    • " + ], + "id": "train-853" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-pension", + "scenario": "My mother is about to receive her state and personal pension. She wants all the taxes paid . She wants to know which pension can HMRC or pension provider use to pay off the taxes.", + "question": "What is a document proof to show what is paid?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a p60", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    At the end of the tax year you\u2019ll get a P60 from your pension provider showing how much tax you\u2019ve paid.

    " + ], + "id": "train-854" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-home", + "scenario": "I have sold my house . It is not eligible for private resident relief. I am compiling my documents to pay the capital gain tax.", + "question": "How long do I have to report and pay the tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "30 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.

    " + ], + "id": "train-855" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-home", + "scenario": "I am a UK citizen and I own a house in South Africa. I live there for 3 months of the year. It is my perfect choice for a holiday break.", + "question": "Can i nominate it for tax relief?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The rules are different if you sell property that\u2019s not your home or if you live abroad.

    ", + "

    If you nominate a property as your main home you qualify for relief for most of the time you live away. You must have lived in the home as your only or main residence at some point while you owned it.

    ", + "

    From 6 April 2015, you can only nominate an overseas property if you lived in it for at least 90 days in the tax year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-856" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-relief-for-employees", + "scenario": "During the COVID19 Pandemic it was deemed that I should work from home. This now means that my household bills have increased as i am using the utilities more and more.", + "question": "Can I claim tax relief on my increased utilities cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief for additional household costs if you have to work at home on a regular basis, either for all or part of the week. This includes if you have to work from home because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    " + ], + "id": "train-857" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-relief-for-employees", + "scenario": "Hi there. I have racked up a number of expenses this year that I should get a tax rebate on. I am hoping HMRC will send me a big fat cheque.", + "question": "How will I receive the money due to me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "make any adjustments needed through your tax code", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your claim is for the current tax year, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will usually make any adjustments needed through your tax code.

    " + ], + "id": "train-858" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands", + "scenario": "I have a debtor that owes me \u00a310,000. The debt is from seven years ago. I would like to serve them with a statutory demand for non-payment.", + "question": "Will I be able to do this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a statutory demand to ask for payment of a debt from an individual or company.

    ", + "

    Anyone who\u2019s owed money (the \u2018creditor\u2019) can make a statutory demand. You do not need a lawyer.

    ", + "

    If the debt\u2019s over 6 years old, you cannot usually make a statutory demand. You can get legal advice instead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-859" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands", + "scenario": "I have received a statutory demand for a debt for \u00a31,000. I do not think this is fair as the work done was not adequate for the fee. I want to challenge this demand.", + "question": "Where do I make a challenge on this demand.", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the court named on your statutory demand", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you do not agree with a statutory demand you\u2019ve been given, you can apply to challenge it and get it \u2018set aside\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must apply to the court named on your statutory demand. Contact a solicitor or your nearest county court if you\u2019re not sure where to send your application.

    " + ], + "id": "train-860" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-flat-rate-scheme", + "scenario": "My company is currently registered for the flat rate scheme. I am expecting revenue to increase to \u00a3200,000 next year.", + "question": "Must I leave the flat rate scheme next year as this is only an expectation?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can choose to leave the scheme at any time. You must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it.

    ", + "

    You must leave the scheme if:

    ", + "
  • on the anniversary of joining, your turnover in the last 12 months was more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT) - or you expect it to be in the next 12 months
    • ", + "
  • you expect your total income in the next 30 days alone to be more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-861" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-flat-rate-scheme", + "scenario": "My business is VAT-registered. This business works in the accountancy industry. I am interested in registering for the flat rate scheme.", + "question": "What flat rate will I have to pay on my revenue?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "16.5%", + [ + "

    You\u2019re classed as a \u2018limited cost business\u2019 if your goods cost less than either:

    ", + "
  • 2% of your turnover
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,000 a year (if your costs are more than 2%)
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "14.5", + [ + "

    If you are not a limited cost business, you use your business type to work out your flat rate.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The VAT flat rate you use usually depends on your business type. You may pay a different rate if you only spend a small amount on goods.

    ", + "

    You get a 1% discount if you\u2019re in your first year as a VAT-registered business.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re classed as a \u2018limited cost business\u2019 if your goods cost less than either:

    ", + "
  • 2% of your turnover
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,000 a year (if your costs are more than 2%)
    • ", + "

    This means you pay a higher rate of 16.5%. You can calculate if you need to pay the higher rate and work out which goods count as costs.

    ", + "

    If you are not a limited cost business, you use your business type to work out your flat rate.

    ", + "Type of business | Current VAT flat rate (%)", + "Accountancy or book-keeping | 14.5" + ], + "id": "train-862" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "scenario": "I have just sold my house for more than I bought it for 5 years ago. I want know the amount of capital gains tax I am supposed to pay HMRC.", + "question": "Do I have to pay capital gains tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • your home
    • ", + "
  • occupied by a dependent relative - find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • buy-to-let properties
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:

    ", + "
  • buy-to-let properties
    • ", + "

    There are different rules if you:

    ", + "
  • sell your home
    • ", + "

    If your combined capital gains are over your allowance for the year you\u2019ll have to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.

    ", + "

    You may get tax relief if the property was:

    ", + "
  • your home
    • ", + "
  • occupied by a dependent relative - find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief
    • " + ], + "id": "train-863" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "scenario": "My mother has sold her house property . It was not her main home and had let part of it. She wishes to report to the HMRC about the sell and the gains for taxes purposes.", + "question": "How much time does she have to report?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "30 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.

    " + ], + "id": "train-864" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax", + "scenario": "I have lived in England for ten years and paid tax on my full time earnings. I am due to be transferred to a branch in Glasgow. I do not know if there is anything I need to do tax wise.", + "question": "Is there a difference between tax brackets in Scotland and in England?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-865" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax", + "scenario": "I work from home in the IT business. I divide my time between a home in Glasgow and one in London. I have never mentioned this on my tax declarations.", + "question": "Does it make a difference that I live in two different places and should I declare it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay Scottish Income Tax if you live in Scotland. It\u2019s paid to the Scottish Government.

    ", + "

    Scottish Income Tax applies to your wages, pension and most other taxable income.

    ", + "

    You may also pay Scottish Income Tax if you:

    ", + "
  • live in a home in Scotland and one elsewhere in the UK, for example for work
    • ", + "

    You need to know which is your main home if you have one in Scotland and one somewhere else in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your main home is usually where you live and spend most of your time.

    ", + "

    You can contact HMRC to change which home counts as your main one.

    " + ], + "id": "train-866" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-annual-accounting-scheme", + "scenario": "I am a small business owner and VAT can be a bit of a headache. I have heard about the annual scheme for VAT.", + "question": "Do I qualify for VAT Annual Accounting Scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a VAT-registered business
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re insolvent
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can join the Annual Accounting Scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a VAT-registered business
    • ", + "
  • your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    You cannot use the scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re insolvent
    • " + ], + "id": "train-867" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-annual-accounting-scheme", + "scenario": "Good morning. I have just joined a business that does Annual VAT accounting. This is the first time I have come across it and I want to make sure i get things right.", + "question": "What is the deadline for getting my VAT returns in?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "once a year, 2 months after the end of your accounting period", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are 12 months in your VAT accounting period. Your VAT Return is due once a year, 2 months after the end of your accounting period.

    " + ], + "id": "train-868" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane", + "scenario": "My husband and our children moved to our - we thought quiet - new home six months ago. Recently there have been a lot of roadworks in the area. We were not informed of this before we moved in and it is distressing us.", + "question": "Do we have recourse to any sort of authority to make a complaint about the noise?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There\u2019s no legal limit to road noise, although noise levels might be taken into account when new roads or houses and offices near roads are planned.

    ", + "

    If noise from a new road exceeds certain levels at your home you might be able to get sound insulation.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get compensation if a compulsory purchase means you become affected by road noise. Find out more in the guide \u2018Your property and compulsory purchase\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can apply for compensation if your property value goes down because of road noise from the use of a new or altered road.

    " + ], + "id": "train-869" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane", + "scenario": "I have been living under a flight path for the last ten years and was aware of it when I moved in. Initially it did not bother me but recently the airport has been expanded and another runway built. This has significantly increased the noise that I am exposed to. I was not informed at all about the proposal to build a new runway.", + "question": "I feel that the new runway has decreased the value of my house, due to the increase in noise. Is this a legitimate complaint?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Noise is regulated to some extent at all UK airports. This can include noise limits and restrictions on night flights.

    ", + "

    Some airports operate grant schemes to install sound insulation in affected homes. Contact the airport that affects you to find out if they run one.

    ", + "

    To complain about noise or aircraft activities in general, get in touch with the relevant airport.

    " + ], + "id": "train-870" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax", + "scenario": "I gave my wife a house property as a gift of our marriage . She has decided to sell it so that she can get some extra income .", + "question": "Will the money she will recieve liable to capital gain tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Capital Gains Tax is a tax on the profit when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) something (an \u2018asset\u2019) that\u2019s increased in value.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for Capital Gains Tax on gifts or assets you dispose of to:

    ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your husband, wife or civil partner, unless:

    ", + "

    Your spouse or civil partner may have to pay tax on any gain if they later dispose of the asset.

    ", + "

    Their gain will be calculated on the difference in value between when you first owned the asset and when they disposed of it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-871" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax", + "scenario": "I have inherited a lot of valuable antiques and jewelry from my grandmother . I have some financial constrains after the loss of my job. I would like to dispose them off and get some profit.", + "question": "When do I have to report my capital gains by?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "by 31 december in the tax year after you made the gain.", + [] + ], + [ + "in the following tax year", + [ + "

    Report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the following tax year

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay Capital Gains Tax on the gain when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019):

    ", + "
  • most personal possessions worth \u00a36,000 or more, apart from your car
    • ", + "

    When you inherit an asset, Inheritance Tax is usually paid by the estate of the person who\u2019s died. You only have to work out if you need to pay Capital Gains Tax if you later dispose of the asset.

    ", + "

    You need to report your gain by 31 December in the tax year after you made the gain. For example, if you made a gain in the 2020 to 2021 tax year, you need to report it by 31 December 2021.

    ", + "

    Report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the following tax year

    ", + "

    You can report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the tax year after you disposed of assets.

    " + ], + "id": "train-872" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/individual-savings-accounts", + "scenario": "I am a full time employee and I have invested in the employee share scheme. I have saved now \u00a318000 for the last 3 years.", + "question": "Can i transfer my shares to ISA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can save tax-free with Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs).

    ", + "

    In the 2021 to 2022 tax year, the maximum you can save in ISAs is \u00a320,000

    ", + "

    There are 4 types of Individual Savings Accounts (ISA):

    ", + "
  • stocks and shares ISA
    • ", + "

    Stocks and shares ISAs can include:

    ", + "
  • shares in companies
    • ", + "

    You cannot transfer any non-ISA shares you already own into an ISA unless they\u2019re from an employee share scheme.

    " + ], + "id": "train-873" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/individual-savings-accounts", + "scenario": "My mother wishes to have a savings plan. She wishes to set up an ISA and put her shares in it. She is concerned that when she fills in her annual self assessment she will have to declare all the ISA share interests.", + "question": "Does income from an ISA have to be declared in a tax return?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you complete a tax return, you do not need to declare any ISA interest, income or capital gains on it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-874" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals", + "scenario": "I own a cottage that I rent on short lets. The income is modest but I file a tax return. This year my tax assessment as more than the income for the rent. There is obviously an error.", + "question": "Do I need to pay the assessed tax bill right away if I appeal to HMRC?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to delay paying a tax bill or penalty if you disagree with the amount.

    " + ], + "id": "train-875" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals", + "scenario": "I am a sole trader. I have tried to pay my tax by bank transfer. The money left my account but HMRC state they have not received it and have issued a penalty for late payment.", + "question": "Can I appeal the penalty once my bank has managed to send the money to the correct HMRC account?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a penalty, for example for:

    ", + "
  • paying tax late
    • ", + "

    Otherwise, to appeal you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • details of your reasonable excuse for late filing
    • " + ], + "id": "train-876" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/building-regulations-approval", + "scenario": "My entire heating system in the house is faulty . It needs to be replaced. I need to hire a competent person to come and do the replacement job.", + "question": "Where can i find for a competent person?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "search the competent persons register", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Search the Competent Persons Register to find a tradesperson, or check that they belong to a scheme.

    " + ], + "id": "train-877" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/building-regulations-approval", + "scenario": "I am planning to upgrade my property. The garden walls need to be made taller and the windows replaced, I need an extension of my kitchen area too.", + "question": "Does it require approval for building regulations?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You do not need to get approval yourself if you use someone registered with a competent person scheme.

    ", + "

    You do not need to apply for approval yourself if the work is not covered by building regulations, or if it\u2019s carried out by someone who\u2019s registered with a competent person scheme.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not need to get approval yourself if you use someone registered with a competent person scheme.

    ", + "

    You might also need building regulations approval for many alteration projects, including if you plan to:

    ", + "
  • replace windows and doors
    • ", + "

    You do not need to apply for approval yourself if the work is not covered by building regulations, or if it\u2019s carried out by someone who\u2019s registered with a competent person scheme.

    " + ], + "id": "train-878" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "scenario": "Few months after my friend Titus ran bankrupt and closed his business down . His family has managed to pull together and cleared all the creditors debts through the solicitor . Titus now has more capital to restart his electronics supply business.", + "question": "Can he cancel the bankruptcy?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy if:

    ", + "
  • all your debts and bankruptcy fees have been paid or secured (guaranteed) by a third party
    • " + ], + "id": "train-879" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "scenario": "I own a chain of supermarkets and my businesses are trading at a loss due to lack of supplies, staff pilferage and general poor management. I can't pay my suppliers and employees anymore. I have a lot of accumulated debt. If I apply to become bankrupt next month.", + "question": "Will my name be put in the insolviency register?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If the adjudicator makes you bankrupt:

    ", + "
  • your name and details will be published in the Individual Insolvency Register
    • " + ], + "id": "train-880" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-shares", + "scenario": "I was bought some shares as a gift last year. I would like to sell them whilst I am told that the market looks good but I do not have much experience with the stock market at all.", + "question": "Would I have to pay tax on the money I made from selling shares?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax. This will depend on if your total gains are above your Capital Gains Tax allowance for the tax year.

    ", + "
  • shares that are not in an ISA or PEP
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) shares or other investments.

    ", + "

    Shares and investments you may need to pay tax on include:

    ", + "
  • shares that are not in an ISA or PEP
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax. This will depend on if your total gains are above your Capital Gains Tax allowance for the tax year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-881" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-shares", + "scenario": "I have been asked to take over the running of an investment club by an old friend. I have a limited experience of this but I have never managed anything on this scale.", + "question": "How can I learn about what to expect when I have taken over the club?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "contact hm revenue and customs (hmrc)", + [] + ], + [ + "get legal advice from a professional", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional help (for example from an accountant) if you need advice.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re starting a new investment club, make sure it has a constitution and rules. Get legal advice from a professional if you need help.

    " + ], + "id": "train-882" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-national-insurance-after-state-pension-age", + "scenario": "My father is now 65 years old . He is still working full time. He has been paying class 1 contributions . He has now reached state pension age.", + "question": "Will he continue paying his contributions?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re employed, you pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions as a percentage of your earnings up to State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You stop paying Class 1 and Class 2 contributions when you reach State Pension age - even if you\u2019re still working.

    " + ], + "id": "train-883" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax", + "scenario": "I am selling my house in england. I bought the house for \u00a3150,000, and I am going to sell it for \u00a3320,000. This is a second home, and I know I after to pay capital gains tax. I earn \u00a370,000 per year.", + "question": "What amount of capital gains tax will I have to pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "28% on your gains", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your overall gains above your tax-free allowance (called the Annual Exempt Amount).

    ", + "

    The Capital Gains tax-free allowance is:

    ", + "
  • \u00a312,300
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a higher or additional rate taxpayer you\u2019ll pay:

    ", + "
  • 28% on your gains from residential property
    • " + ], + "id": "train-884" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax", + "scenario": "I want to gift a watch to a charity. The watch is cost \u00a325,000 when I bought it in 1973. It is now worth \u00a350,000. I am considering the capital gains tax implications.", + "question": "Do I have to pay capital gains tax on this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your total gains above an annual tax-free allowance.

    ", + "

    You do not usually pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for Capital Gains Tax on gifts or assets you dispose of to:

    ", + "
  • charity
    • ", + "

    You do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give away to charity.

    " + ], + "id": "train-885" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-hmrc-change-of-details", + "scenario": "I am self employed. This year my revenue reached \u00a383,000. I am expecting this to grow next year and exceed \u00a385,000.", + "question": "Do I need to register for VAT?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about changes to your taxable income.

    ", + "

    But you must tell HMRC about any other changes, for example when you start or stop getting:

    ", + "
  • money over \u00a385,000 from self-employment (you must register for VAT over this amount)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-886" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-hmrc-change-of-details", + "scenario": "I have realised that my income from self employment has actually been \u00a3150,000 instead of \u00a3148,000 and my self assessment was slightly wrong.", + "question": "What will HMRC do if I tell them?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "tell you to send a self assessment tax return so they can bill you for tax you owe", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    HMRC may:

    ", + "
  • tell you to send a Self Assessment tax return so they can bill you for tax you owe
    • " + ], + "id": "train-887" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "scenario": "I have applied for bankruptcy. I have \u00a370,000 worth of debt. I have a house that is worth \u00a3150,000, which is completely paid off.", + "question": "What will happen to my home in these circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your home might be sold", + [ + "
  • legal ownership of the property if your equity is \u00a31,000 or more
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "you might be able to stop or delay the sale of your home", + [ + "
  • the value of your equity is less than \u00a31,000
    • ", + "
  • the equity or legal title can be sold to someone else, such as a partner
    • ", + "
  • you need to organise somewhere for children or a partner to live - the sale can be delayed for up to 1 year
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your home might be sold depending on your equity - your share after any secured debts (like a mortgage) have been paid.

    ", + "

    You might have to give up:

    ", + "
  • legal ownership of the property if your equity is \u00a31,000 or more
    • ", + "

    You might be able to stop or delay the sale of your home if, for example:

    ", + "
  • the value of your equity is less than \u00a31,000
    • ", + "
  • the equity or legal title can be sold to someone else, such as a partner
    • ", + "
  • you need to organise somewhere for children or a partner to live - the sale can be delayed for up to 1 year
    • " + ], + "id": "train-888" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "scenario": "I am considering filing for bankruptcy. I know there are restrictions on what you can do after filing for bankruptcy. I am considering whether this would be worth it.", + "question": "What are the limitations that will be applied if I filed for bankruptcy?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender you\u2019re bankrupt", + [] + ], + [ + "act as a director of a company without the court\u2019s permission", + [] + ], + [ + "create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission", + [] + ], + [ + "manage a business with a different name without telling people you do business with that you\u2019re bankrupt", + [] + ], + [ + "work as an insolvency practitioner", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have to follow bankruptcy restrictions when you\u2019re bankrupt. This means you cannot:

    ", + "
  • borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender you\u2019re bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • act as a director of a company without the court\u2019s permission
    • ", + "
  • create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission
    • ", + "
  • manage a business with a different name without telling people you do business with that you\u2019re bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • work as an insolvency practitioner (an authorised debt specialist)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-889" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repossession", + "scenario": "Good morning. things have not gone well. We have fallen behind on our mortgage payments and we have received notice that the house will be repossessed.", + "question": "Where can I get some impartial advise on the repossession notice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "citizens advice", + [] + ], + [ + "national debtline", + [] + ], + [ + "shelter", + [] + ], + [ + "your local council", + [] + ], + [ + "under the housing possession court duty scheme", + [ + "

    If you have not got help before, you can get last-minute legal help under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can also get free advice from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • National Debtline
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • ", + "
  • your local council
    • ", + "

    If you have not got help before, you can get last-minute legal help under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme.

    " + ], + "id": "train-890" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repossession", + "scenario": "Good morning. I am looking to start work at the Citizens Advice Bureaux. I am trying to understand a little about the repossession process.", + "question": "Are there different types of court orders in repossession cases?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    This gives the lender a legal right to own your home on the date given in the order and is sometimes called an \u2018order for possession\u2019. This is usually 28 days after your court hearing.

    ", + "

    This means that if you make regular payments as set out in the order, you can stay in your home.

    ", + "

    This means that you have to pay the lender the amount set out in the order.

    ", + "

    A money judgment is usually added to a possession order. It means you owe a specific amount of money usually made up of:

    ", + "

    This means that the judge changes the amount you pay on your mortgage for a set time by:

    " + ], + "id": "train-891" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "scenario": "I am self employed. I earned \u00a3900 in the last year in terms of revenue for my business. I have been told I might have to do a self assessment.", + "question": "Do I need to submit a self assessment for this tax year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must send a tax return if, in the last tax year (6 April to 5 April), you were:

    ", + "
  • self-employed as a \u2018sole trader\u2019 and earned more than \u00a31,000 (before taking off anything you can claim tax relief on)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-892" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "scenario": "I reside in England. I am self-employed, and I am required to submit tax returns. Due to some difficulties, I will not be able to submit my tax return on time this year.", + "question": "What kind of fine will I face for this late submission?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3100", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll pay a late filing penalty of \u00a3100 if your tax return is up to 3 months late. You\u2019ll have to pay more if it\u2019s later, or if you pay your tax bill late.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "pay more", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll pay a late filing penalty of \u00a3100 if your tax return is up to 3 months late. You\u2019ll have to pay more if it\u2019s later, or if you pay your tax bill late.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually pay a penalty if you\u2019re late. You can appeal against a penalty if you have a reasonable excuse.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a penalty if you need to send a tax return and you miss the deadline for submitting it or paying your bill.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay a late filing penalty of \u00a3100 if your tax return is up to 3 months late. You\u2019ll have to pay more if it\u2019s later, or if you pay your tax bill late.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be charged interest on late payments.

    " + ], + "id": "train-893" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "scenario": "I am 34 and owned a business which collapsed during the pandemic. I have been left with about twenty thousand pounds worth of debt, of which five thousand is an outstanding student loan. Much of the rest is credit cards and an overdraft.", + "question": "Am I able to write off all of my debts if I declare bankruptcy or only some?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to make yourself bankrupt if you cannot pay your debts.

    ", + "

    After 12 months you\u2019re usually released (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your bankruptcy restrictions and debts. Assets that were part of your estate during the bankruptcy period can still be used to pay your debts.

    ", + "

    When you\u2019re discharged you\u2019ll be released from most, but not all, of the debts you owed at the date of the bankruptcy.

    ", + "

    Debts you will not be released from include:

    ", + "
  • debts arising from fraud
    • ", + "
  • anything you owe under family proceedings - unless the court decides otherwise
    • ", + "
  • damages for personal injuries to anyone - unless the court decides otherwise
    • ", + "
  • debts which were not included in the bankruptcy itself, for example a debt to the Student Loans Company
    • " + ], + "id": "train-894" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "scenario": "I am in the process of being declared bankrupt after having run up debts on credit and store cards which I simply cannot repay. The level of my debt is over thirty thousand pounds. I own quite a lot of good jewellery and an expensive car", + "question": "Will I have to surrender my car and jewellery when my bankruptcy is completed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You might have to give these items up if they\u2019re worth more than a reasonable replacement.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your assets might be sold to pay your bankruptcy debts. You have to hand over your assets to the person appointed to manage your bankruptcy (your \u2018trustee\u2019). They can be:

    ", + "

    You can usually keep:

    ", + "
  • items needed for your job, such as tools or a vehicle
    • ", + "
  • household items, such as clothing, bedding or furniture
    • ", + "

    You might have to give these items up if they\u2019re worth more than a reasonable replacement.

    " + ], + "id": "train-895" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-planning-appeal-costs", + "scenario": "I recently had a planning appeal hearing. There was a party that had objected to my application and they preceded to mess me around and delayed the hearing. Just out of spite.", + "question": "What costs can I claim back from these time wasters?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "costs directly related to your appeal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim costs if someone involved in your planning appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money.

    ", + "

    You make a claim for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 to the Planning Inspectorate. If you\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll have to reach an agreement with the other party about how much they pay.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim costs if someone involved in your appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money. This includes if they:

    ", + "
  • fail to co-operate with you or others
    • ", + "

    You can claim for costs directly related to your appeal, for example:

    ", + "
  • time preparing for an appeal
    • ", + "
  • attending a hearing or inquiry
    • " + ], + "id": "train-896" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-planning-appeal-costs", + "scenario": "I am so annoyed. i am dealing with people who are so inconsiderate and they have cost me a lot in wasted time and effort. I'm going to have them for this!", + "question": "How do I lodge a claim against the costs I have incurred.", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "filling in the claim form", + [] + ], + [ + "send a letter to the planning inspectorate", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Claim for costs by filling in the claim form. Return it to the address on the form.

    ", + "

    Alternatively, you can send a letter to the Planning Inspectorate. Include why you think someone has behaved unreasonably and how this has cost you money.

    " + ], + "id": "train-897" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-self-assessment-tax-bill", + "scenario": "I'm 45 and I have an ebay shop. I used to buy and re-sell vintage clothes all over the EU. Unfortunately, due to Brexit, my income had a huge impact and I'll be struggling with the next tax payment.", + "question": "Is there something to help me with my next payment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "set up a payment plan", + [ + "
  • you owe \u00a330,000 or less
    • ", + "
  • you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC
    • ", + "
  • your tax returns are up to date
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can set up a payment plan to spread the cost of your latest Self Assessment bill if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you owe \u00a330,000 or less
    • ", + "
  • you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC
    • ", + "
  • your tax returns are up to date
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline
    • " + ], + "id": "train-898" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-self-assessment-tax-bill", + "scenario": "Me and my wife are making some side money selling the vegetables that we grow in our garden. We have potatoes, tomatoes, onions and aubergines. We are retired and we aren't used to technology.", + "question": "Which payment methods are available that don't involve online banking?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "telephone banking", + [] + ], + [ + "at your bank or building society", + [ + "
  • still get paper statements from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • have the paying-in slip HMRC sent you
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "by cheque through the post", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "
  • by cheque through the post
    • ", + "

    You can only pay at your branch by cash or cheque if you both:

    ", + "
  • still get paper statements from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • have the paying-in slip HMRC sent you
    • " + ], + "id": "train-899" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-national-insurance-after-state-pension-age", + "scenario": "I am a widow with no pension from my late husband. I have just reached state pension age but am still working full time, not so much that I need to as that I enjoy my job. I have no plans to retire any time soon.", + "question": "Do I need to continue paying Class 4 NI contributions and if so for how long?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "until the end of the tax year in which you reach state pension age", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not pay National Insurance after you reach State Pension age - unless you\u2019re self-employed and pay Class 4 contributions. You stop paying Class 4 contributions at the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue paying Class 4 contributions until the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.

    " + ], + "id": "train-900" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-national-insurance-after-state-pension-age", + "scenario": "My husband and I both receive the basic state pension and he has a small private pension from his previous employment. We still appear to be paying NI even though we are both over the age to receive the state pension.", + "question": "If we shouldn't be paying NI, can we claim any money back?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can claim back National Insurance if you\u2019ve overpaid.

    ", + "

    You can claim back any overpaid National Insurance.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not pay National Insurance after you reach State Pension age - unless you\u2019re self-employed and pay Class 4 contributions. You stop paying Class 4 contributions at the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You stop paying Class 1 and Class 2 contributions when you reach State Pension age - even if you\u2019re still working.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue paying Class 4 contributions until the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    You can claim back National Insurance if you\u2019ve overpaid.

    ", + "

    You can claim back any overpaid National Insurance.

    " + ], + "id": "train-901" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-home", + "scenario": "I bought my house twenty years ago and have lived there continually since then. My partner moved in twelve years ago and we have a daughter. We have never lived together anywhere else.", + "question": "Are we exempt from Capital Gains Tax given that we have never lived together anywhere else?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you have not let part of it out - this does not include having a lodger
    • ", + "
  • you have not used a part of your home exclusively for business purposes (using a room as a temporary or occasional office does not count as exclusive business use)
    • ", + "
  • the grounds, including all buildings, are less than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre) in total
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have one home and you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it
    • ", + "
  • you have not let part of it out - this does not include having a lodger
    • ", + "
  • you have not used a part of your home exclusively for business purposes (using a room as a temporary or occasional office does not count as exclusive business use)
    • ", + "
  • the grounds, including all buildings, are less than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre) in total
    • ", + "
  • you did not buy it just to make a gain
    • ", + "

    If all these apply you will automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief and will have no tax to pay. If any of them apply, you may have some tax to pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-902" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-home", + "scenario": "We own a four bedroom house with a granny flat in the garden. We let out this flat but it is independent of our dwelling and self contained. Our tenant has been there for three years. The house plus flat are due to be sold soon.", + "question": "What is the situation re Capital Gains Tax given that we have been letting out part of our property for a while?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you only get private residence relief on this proportion of your gain", + [ + "

    If you lived in your home at the same time as your tenants, you may qualify for Letting Relief on gains you make when you sell the property.

    ", + "

    You can get the lowest of the following:

    ", + "
  • the same amount you got in Private Residence Relief
    • ", + "
  • \u00a340,000
    • ", + "
  • the same amount as the chargeable gain you made while letting out part of your home
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "you may qualify for letting relief", + [] + ], + [ + "you may have to pay capital gains tax", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have not let part of it out - this does not include having a lodger
    • ", + "

    If all these apply you will automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief and will have no tax to pay. If any of them apply, you may have some tax to pay.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019ve let out your home. How much you pay depends on how long you lived in it.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay tax on your \u2018chargeable gain\u2019. This is your gain minus any Private Residence Relief you\u2019re eligible for.

    ", + "

    You get full relief for:

    ", + "
  • the years you lived in the home
    • ", + "
  • the last 9 months you owned the home - even if you were not living there at the time
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out what proportion of your home you lived in. You only get Private Residence Relief on this proportion of your gain.

    ", + "

    If you lived in your home at the same time as your tenants, you may qualify for Letting Relief on gains you make when you sell the property.

    " + ], + "id": "train-903" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-foreign-income", + "scenario": "I am British and I work for an American company called Amazon Mechanical Turk. My earnings are paid in Amazon vouchers which can only be redeemed on the US Amazon site.", + "question": "Am I obligated to pay tax on my Turk earnings as a foreign source of income, given that it is my only form of income?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief if you\u2019re taxed in more than one country.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need to pay UK Income Tax on your foreign income, such as:

    ", + "
  • wages if you work abroad
    • ", + "

    Whether you need to pay depends on if you\u2019re classed as \u2018resident\u2019 in the UK for tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re UK resident, you\u2019ll normally pay tax on your foreign income. But you may not have to if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief if you\u2019re taxed in more than one country.

    ", + "

    Residents normally pay UK tax on all their income, whether it\u2019s from the UK or abroad. But there are special rules for UK residents whose permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.

    " + ], + "id": "train-904" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-foreign-income", + "scenario": "I am a salesperson and divide my time equally between two different countries, the UK and the Netherlands. I have to do my own tax returns and do not get any help with this.", + "question": "How can I be sure I am paying the correct amount of tax in each country?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "read hmrc\u2019s guidance on the statutory residence test", + [] + ], + [ + "get professional tax help", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your situation\u2019s more complicated or you need to confirm your status, you can:

    ", + "
  • read HMRC\u2019s guidance on the Statutory Residence Test
    • ", + "
  • get professional tax help
    • " + ], + "id": "train-905" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/married-couples-allowance", + "scenario": "My grandfather and grandmother have been happily married for 65 years . They receive married couple allowance. Due to dementia and old age my grandmother has been taken to a care home.", + "question": "Will the married couple allowance stop?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re unable to live with your spouse or civil partner because of:

    ", + "
  • illness or old age, for example where your spouse or partner is in residential care
    • " + ], + "id": "train-906" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/married-couples-allowance", + "scenario": "My partner and I are 87 and 88 years old respectively. We have been receiving married couple allowance and pay our taxes accordingly and donate to the UK charity as gift aid. We would like to know more about our tax allowances .", + "question": "How much more tax allowance can we claim?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Married Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-907" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-shares", + "scenario": "During the lockdown me and my wife invested some of our savings in GME stocks. W saw it going down in value, so we kept buying it. We bought some when it was 5$ each, then more at 4$, and even more at 3$. Now we selling all of it.", + "question": "How do I work out my capital gains if I bought the same stock at 3 different prices?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you\u2019ll usually need to work out the average cost of your shares and deduct this from what you got for them", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are special rules for working out the cost of your shares if you sell:

    ", + "
  • shares you bought at different times and prices in one company
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s a different way of working out your cost if you\u2019ve sold the same type of shares in a company that you bought at different times.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to work out the average cost of your shares and deduct this from what you got for them to work out your gain.

    " + ], + "id": "train-908" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-shares", + "scenario": "I'm 32 today and I always been in love with shopping and eating out: turns out that I don't have any savings even if I have a decent salary (\u00a340.000 per year outside London. I decided to deposit few hundreds pounds every months in Premium Bonds just to start things off and I made \u00a350 in winnings.", + "question": "Do I pay tax on premium bonds?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) shares or other investments.

    ", + "

    Shares and investments you may need to pay tax on include:

    ", + "
  • certain bonds (not including Premium Bonds and Qualifying Corporate Bonds)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-909" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-home", + "scenario": "I own a home that I want to sell. The property cost me \u00a3150,000, but it is now worth \u00a3250,000. This is my only home that I lived in since I purchased it.", + "question": "Will I need to pay capital gains tax on this house?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you have not let part of it out - this does not include having a lodger
    • ", + "
  • you have not used a part of your home exclusively for business purposes (using a room as a temporary or occasional office does not count as exclusive business use)
    • ", + "
  • the grounds, including all buildings, are less than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre) in total
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have one home and you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it
    • ", + "
  • you have not let part of it out - this does not include having a lodger
    • ", + "
  • you have not used a part of your home exclusively for business purposes (using a room as a temporary or occasional office does not count as exclusive business use)
    • ", + "
  • the grounds, including all buildings, are less than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre) in total
    • ", + "
  • you did not buy it just to make a gain
    • ", + "

    If all these apply you will automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief and will have no tax to pay. If any of them apply, you may have some tax to pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-910" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-home", + "scenario": "I am a home owner. I let a room in my property for 1 year. The room is a sixth of the house's area. I have owned the property for five years, buying it for \u00a3190,000. I aim to sell it for \u00a3250,000. I am confused how to calculate the capital gains tax on this.", + "question": "In what way do I need to calculate the capital gains tax on this sale?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "work out what proportion of your home you lived in", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll pay tax on your \u2018chargeable gain\u2019. This is your gain minus any Private Residence Relief you\u2019re eligible for.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out what proportion of your home you lived in. You only get Private Residence Relief on this proportion of your gain.

    ", + "

    If you lived in your home at the same time as your tenants, you may qualify for Letting Relief on gains you make when you sell the property.

    " + ], + "id": "train-911" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-abroad", + "scenario": "I work in mid level management for a UK firm and have been offered the chance to move to France for two years to work for my firm's office there. My salary would be the same there as it is here.", + "question": "What happens if I move to an EU country if I continue to work for a UK firm?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your employer must follow some of the employment rules of the country you\u2019re sent to work in", + [] + ], + [ + "you might still have to pay uk income tax", + [] + ], + [ + "you might be able to pay national insurance", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you are sent to work abroad temporarily, your employer must follow some of the employment rules of the country you\u2019re sent to work in.

    ", + "

    You might still have to pay UK Income Tax, depending on what your \u2018residency status\u2019 will be in the country you\u2019re going to (for example, if you\u2019ll be a temporary or permanent resident).

    ", + "

    You might be able to pay National Insurance while you\u2019re working abroad, depending on where you\u2019re working and how long for.

    " + ], + "id": "train-912" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-abroad", + "scenario": "I have been living in Germany for the past few years although I have been only in casual work and not consistently employed. I pay National Insurance and tax as and when I have work.", + "question": "Will my right of work change?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you were legally living in an EU country before 1 January 2021, your right to work will be protected as long as you carry on living there. This is because you are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also protected by the Withdrawal Agreement if you started working in one EU country and living in a different EU country or the UK, before 1 January 2021.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have the same rights as nationals of the country you\u2019re working in when it comes to working conditions, pay and social security (for example, benefits).

    " + ], + "id": "train-913" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting-evictions", + "scenario": "My friend has built a new house. She was to rent it to be her source of income. She has no experience of being a landlord.", + "question": "How much notice would she need to give to evict the tenants if there were problems?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "4 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    " + ], + "id": "train-914" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting-evictions", + "scenario": "I have not paid my rent for the last 3 months.My income has gone low due to loss of work.My landlord served me with a quit notice on 1st June 2021.", + "question": "How long should i stay in the house after the notice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "4 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, in most cases your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    " + ], + "id": "train-915" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-foreign-income", + "scenario": "I recently moved back to the UK after spending many years in the Congo. I have a property there that I have rented out to my friend.", + "question": "Am I liable for tax on this rental income?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief if you\u2019re taxed in more than one country.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re UK resident, you\u2019ll normally pay tax on your foreign income. But you may not have to if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.

    ", + "

    Residents normally pay UK tax on all their income, whether it\u2019s from the UK or abroad. But there are special rules for UK residents whose permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need to pay UK Income Tax on your foreign income, such as:

    ", + "
  • rental income on overseas property
    • ", + "

    Foreign income is anything from outside England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are classed as foreign.

    ", + "

    Whether you need to pay depends on if you\u2019re classed as \u2018resident\u2019 in the UK for tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re UK resident, you\u2019ll normally pay tax on your foreign income. But you may not have to if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.

    ", + "

    If you need to pay tax, you usually report your foreign income in a Self Assessment tax return. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief if you\u2019re taxed in more than one country.

    ", + "

    Residents normally pay UK tax on all their income, whether it\u2019s from the UK or abroad. But there are special rules for UK residents whose permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.

    ", + "

    Most foreign income is taxed in the same way as UK income, but there are special rules for:

    ", + "
  • rent from property
    • ", + "

    You pay tax in the normal way on overseas property. But if you rent out more than one, you can offset losses against other overseas properties.

    " + ], + "id": "train-916" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-foreign-income", + "scenario": "Good afternoon. I am very confused about my domicile status. I live in London in a rented flat. I won a house in Australia where my family are living.", + "question": "How can I find out what me residence status is to UK tax purposes?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "read chapter 5 of hm revenue and customs\u2019 (hmrc) guidance", + [] + ], + [ + "get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your domicile\u2019s usually the country your father considered his permanent home when you were born. It may have changed if you moved abroad and you do not intend to return.

    ", + "

    If you need help working out which country you\u2019re domiciled in, you can:

    ", + "
  • read chapter 5 of HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019
    • ", + "
  • get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser
    • " + ], + "id": "train-917" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-voluntary-class-3-national-insurance", + "scenario": "I am self employed. I want to pay class 3 national insurance to fill in the gaps for my state pension. I know the costs of the NI, but I don't know the payment schedule.", + "question": "What is the payment schedule for these National Insurance payments?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "monthly via direct debit.", + [] + ], + [ + "quarterly", + [] + ], + [ + "make a one-off payment", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can pay monthly via Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you want to:

    ", + "
  • pay quarterly - they\u2019ll send you a bill every July, October, January and April
    • ", + "
  • make a one-off payment
    • " + ], + "id": "train-918" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-voluntary-class-3-national-insurance", + "scenario": "I have started paying class 3 national insurance. I have signed up by direct debit, but have received nothing to confirm this.", + "question": "What length do I need to wait for a confirmation?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 21 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    HMRC will write within 21 days to confirm your Direct Debit is set up.

    " + ], + "id": "train-919" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/keeping-your-pay-tax-records", + "scenario": "I want to keep my pay and tax records safe. My accountant has filed my returns for the year 2020 -2021.", + "question": "How long should i keep the records?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 22 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    How long you should keep your records depends on whether you send your tax return before or after the deadline.

    ", + "

    You should keep your records for at least 22 months after the end of the tax year the tax return is for.

    " + ], + "id": "train-920" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/keeping-your-pay-tax-records", + "scenario": "I have changed my job to a new one.I have been paying national insurance and timely tax returns. I want my new employer to see my tax return records .", + "question": "Which form should i give my new employer?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "p45", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You should keep documents about your pay and tax, including:

    ", + "
  • your P45 - if you leave your job, this shows your pay and tax to the date you left
    • " + ], + "id": "train-921" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-codes", + "scenario": "I have just started a new job. I have received my tax code, which looks different to ones in the past. The tax code includes at OT.", + "question": "What does the OT stand for in the tax code?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your personal allowance has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Letters in your tax code refer to your situation and how it affects your Personal Allowance.

    ", + "Letters | What they mean", + "0T | Your Personal Allowance has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code" + ], + "id": "train-922" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-codes", + "scenario": "I have received the wrong tax code. My tax code includes BR, which shows that all my salary is taxed at the basic rate. This is wrong as my salary is \u00a355,000 and should be in the higher band.", + "question": "Where can I inform HMRC of this mistake?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "check your income tax online service", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you think your tax code is wrong, you can update your employment details using the check your Income Tax online service.

    ", + "

    You can report a change in your income by either:

    ", + "
  • using the online check your Income Tax service
    • ", + "
  • contacting HMRC
    • " + ], + "id": "train-923" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-2-national-insurance", + "scenario": "I am going to be paying some Class 2 national insurance. I live in England. I want to start making payments by online transfer.", + "question": "Where do I send payments for online transfer?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "hm revenue and customs\u2019 (hmrc) bank account", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make same or next day payments:

    ", + "
  • by online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "

    Use your online or telephone banking account to make your payment to the following HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account.

    " + ], + "id": "train-924" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-2-national-insurance", + "scenario": "I am self employed. I have set up a direct debit for paying Class 2 national insurance. I have not received any confirmation about this.", + "question": "Will I receive any confirmation for the direct debit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a letter telling you when payments will be taken and how much they will be.

    ", + "

    Payments will appear on your statement as \u2018HMRC NI-DD\u2019. HMRC will write to you if your payments change for any reason.

    " + ], + "id": "train-925" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "scenario": "I am council housing officer. I have been called to one of our buildings where a flat has been occupied by squatters.", + "question": "Can I legally require them to leave?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Squatting in residential buildings (like a house or flat) is illegal. It can lead to 6 months in prison, a \u00a35,000 fine or both.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s usually a crime not to leave land or property when you\u2019re instructed to do so by:

    ", + "
  • the council
    • ", + "

    You can remove squatters using an interim possession order (IPO) or making a claim for possession.

    " + ], + "id": "train-926" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "scenario": "I am homeless. The weather is cold and there is an insecure and empty shop building that I have been stopping in. I quite like living there. The owner does not appear interested in the property.", + "question": "Can I apply to live at this shop permanently?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you, or a succession of squatters, have occupied the property continuously for 10 years (12 years if it\u2019s not registered with HM Land Registry)
    • ", + "
  • you (or your predecessors) acted as owners of the property for the whole of that time
    • ", + "
  • you (or any of your predecessors) did not have the owner\u2019s permission, for example the property was not originally rented to a squatter
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply if you can prove:

    ", + "
  • you, or a succession of squatters, have occupied the property continuously for 10 years (12 years if it\u2019s not registered with HM Land Registry)
    • ", + "
  • you (or your predecessors) acted as owners of the property for the whole of that time
    • ", + "
  • you (or any of your predecessors) did not have the owner\u2019s permission, for example the property was not originally rented to a squatter
    • " + ], + "id": "train-927" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-deposit-protection", + "scenario": "I am renting out a house for the first time. I have accepted a deposit of \u00a31,000 from the tenant to hold the property.", + "question": "Do I have to protect this deposit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your landlord must put your deposit in a government-approved tenancy deposit scheme (TDP) if you rent your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007. In England and Wales your deposit can be registered with:

    ", + "

    Your landlord or letting agent must put your deposit in the scheme within 30 days of getting it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-928" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-deposit-protection", + "scenario": "I am a tenant. I gave over a deposit of \u00a3800 to my landlord. I have found they has no protected my deposit.", + "question": "Where do I go to complain about this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "write to your landlord", + [] + ], + [ + "apply to your local county court", + [ + "

    If you cannot come to an agreement, you can apply to the court for compensation.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to your local county court if you think your landlord hasn\u2019t used a TDP scheme when they should have.

    ", + "

    It can be quicker and cheaper to write to your landlord, rather than going to court.

    ", + "

    If you cannot come to an agreement, you can apply to the court for compensation.

    " + ], + "id": "train-929" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "scenario": "I am a full time employee. I would like to invest in save as you earn(SAYE) in a shares related scheme.I am aiming to do a monthly contribution of \u00a3400 for the next 5 years. I would prefer to transfer all the savings to an individual savings account(ISA).", + "question": "Do i need to pay capital gain tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • to an Individual Savings Account (ISA) within 90 days of the scheme ending
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The tax advantages are:

    ", + "
  • you do not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re worth
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll not pay Capital Gains Tax if you transfer the shares:

    ", + "
  • to an Individual Savings Account (ISA) within 90 days of the scheme ending
    • " + ], + "id": "train-930" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "scenario": "My sister has been saving on SAYE. She has reached the end of her savings contract. She wants to transfer her shares to ISA.", + "question": "How many days does she have to transfer the shares to ISA after she took out from SAYE?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "90 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must transfer your shares to your ISA within 90 days of when you took out your SIP or SAYE shares.

    " + ], + "id": "train-931" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting-evictions", + "scenario": "I am a 25 year old postgraduate student living in a small rented bedsit. I have been here for eighteen months. My landlord has just announced that he is selling up and wants me out within 28 days. I do not have anywhere else to go within my budget.", + "question": "Is it legal for my landlord to do this with so little notice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your landlord must follow strict procedures if they want you to leave their property, depending on the type of tenancy agreement you have and the terms of it.

    ", + "

    In England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), the notice periods are longer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    ", + "

    In England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, in most cases your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    " + ], + "id": "train-932" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting-evictions", + "scenario": "I am a landlord and I have a problem with one of my tenants, who consistently demonstrates anti social behaviour and defaults on the rent. However, they claim that they are self isolating due to Covid and therefore will not deal with me face to face.", + "question": "Are my tenants legally protected from eviction due to the nature of the pandemic?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    ", + "

    In England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, in most cases your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave at the end of the notice period, your landlord must apply to the court for a possession order. If the court gives them a possession order and you still do not leave, they must apply for a warrant for possession - this means bailiffs can evict you from the property.

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.

    ", + "

    Fixed-term tenancies run for a set amount of time. Your landlord must give you notice in a certain way if you\u2019re in a fixed-term tenancy.

    ", + "

    In England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, in most cases your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    ", + "

    During the fixed term, your landlord can only evict you for certain reasons - for example:

    ", + "
  • you have not paid the rent
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re engaging in antisocial behaviour
    • ", + "

    At the end of the fixed term, the landlord does not need a reason to evict you. As long as they\u2019ve given you correct notice, they can apply to the court for a possession order.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave your home by the date given, your landlord can ask the court to evict you by asking for a \u2018warrant for possession\u2019. If the court gives a warrant, you\u2019ll be sent an eviction notice that gives a date when you must leave your home.

    ", + "

    This means if you make the payments, or obey the conditions, set out in the order, you can stay in your home. If you do not make the payments, your landlord can ask the court to evict you.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave your home by the date given in an outright possession order, your landlord can ask the court for a \u2018warrant of possession\u2019.

    ", + "

    If the court gives a warrant, you\u2019ll be sent an eviction notice that gives a date when you must leave your home. Bailiffs can evict you after this date. The costs of evicting you will be added to the money you owe.

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England.

    ", + "

    In Wales, currently you will not be evicted by bailiffs, unless there is a serious reason. Bailiffs will only enter the property if you:

    ", + "
  • have been involved in antisocial behaviour
    • " + ], + "id": "train-933" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "scenario": "I own a property in the countryside and I have been abroad for over a year. Upon my return I found out that it had been occupied by squatters without my permission. I want them to leave my property.", + "question": "Can i apply for an interim possession order?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re also making a claim for damages caused by the squatters - instead you should make an ordinary claim for possession
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can remove squatters using an interim possession order (IPO) or making a claim for possession.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for an IPO if it\u2019s been 28 days or less since you found out your property\u2019s been squatted.

    ", + "

    You cannot use an IPO if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re also making a claim for damages caused by the squatters - instead you should make an ordinary claim for possession
    • " + ], + "id": "train-934" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "scenario": "My Uncle has been living on unclaimed property for 15 years. He has taken good care of it as own. Everyone thinks it's his property . He now wants to register it legally and own it.", + "question": "Can he acquire rights?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply if you can prove:

    ", + "
  • you, or a succession of squatters, have occupied the property continuously for 10 years (12 years if it\u2019s not registered with HM Land Registry)
    • ", + "
  • you (or your predecessors) acted as owners of the property for the whole of that time
    • ", + "
  • you (or any of your predecessors) did not have the owner\u2019s permission, for example the property was not originally rented to a squatter
    • " + ], + "id": "train-935" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands", + "scenario": "I am considering insolvency proceedings against my friend Lucy who owes me a 3 years old debt of \u00a310000 . She has not paid and has not given me any reasonable explanations for the lack of payment. I want to serve her with a statutory demand.", + "question": "How many days she be given to respond ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "21 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When the individual or company that owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) receives a statutory demand, they have 21 days to either:

    ", + "

    If your debtor does not pay the debt or agree to your statutory demand within 21 days, you can:

    " + ], + "id": "train-936" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands", + "scenario": "I am a farmer and practice commercial food farming and supply food produce to a nearby fruit processing company . They have overdue debts of \u00a33000 and my efforts to resend overdue invoices have been fruitless. Its now a month since i issued a formal demand but they have not responded.", + "question": "Can i serve the winding up?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your debtor does not pay the debt or agree to your statutory demand within 21 days, you can:

    ", + "
  • wind up a company that owes you \u00a3750 or more
    • " + ], + "id": "train-937" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "scenario": "I want to sell my property. The purchase price of this property was \u00a3150,000. The price I want to sell it at would be \u00a3250,000.", + "question": "Would the difference of \u00a3100,000 be the amount that will be liable to capital gains tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    If the property was occupied by a dependent relative you may not have to pay. Find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief.

    ", + "
  • your home
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:

    ", + "

    If the property was occupied by a dependent relative you may not have to pay. Find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief.

    ", + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your property and the amount you got when you sold (or \u2018disposed of\u2019) it.

    ", + "

    You may get tax relief if the property was:

    ", + "
  • your home
    • " + ], + "id": "train-938" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "scenario": "I am selling a piece of property as part of my main course of business. This will be sold for \u00a3300,000. The business buys and sells property.", + "question": "Do I need to pay capital gains tax on these property sales?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:

    ", + "
  • business premises
    • ", + "

    If the purpose of your business is to buy and sell property (you\u2019re a property developer, for example) you do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell a property. Instead, you pay:

    " + ], + "id": "train-939" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-foreign-income", + "scenario": "My brother is a UK citizen. He moved to Spain 3 years ago and lives there. He has no intentions of returning back to the UK. He has rental properties where he earns his income.", + "question": "Is he supposed to pay taxes in the UK?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you spent fewer than 16 days in the UK (or 46 days if you have not been classed as UK resident for the 3 previous tax years)
    • ", + "
  • you work abroad full-time (averaging at least 35 hours a week) and spent fewer than 91 days in the UK, of which no more than 30 were spent working
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need to pay UK Income Tax on your foreign income, such as:

    ", + "
  • rental income on overseas property
    • ", + "

    Whether you need to pay depends on if you\u2019re classed as \u2018resident\u2019 in the UK for tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re not UK resident, you will not have to pay UK tax on your foreign income.

    ", + "

    Your UK residence status affects whether you need to pay tax in the UK on your foreign income.

    ", + "

    Non-residents only pay tax on their UK income - they do not pay UK tax on their foreign income.

    ", + "

    Whether you\u2019re UK resident usually depends on how many days you spend in the UK in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).

    ", + "

    You\u2019re automatically non-resident if either:

    ", + "
  • you spent fewer than 16 days in the UK (or 46 days if you have not been classed as UK resident for the 3 previous tax years)
    • ", + "
  • you work abroad full-time (averaging at least 35 hours a week) and spent fewer than 91 days in the UK, of which no more than 30 were spent working
    • " + ], + "id": "train-940" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repossession", + "scenario": "Due to Covid I have been unable to keep up the mortgage repayments on my flat. I have lived there for five years and have never defaulted before. I am almost bankrupt and have no idea where to turn to for help and advice.", + "question": "Where can I get advice and help about my specific situation?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "citizens advice", + [] + ], + [ + "national debtline", + [] + ], + [ + "shelter", + [] + ], + [ + "civil legal advice", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to postpone or stop your home being repossessed.

    ", + "

    Check if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You can also get free advice from:

    ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • National Debtline
    • ", + "
  • Shelter
    • ", + "
  • your local council
    • " + ], + "id": "train-941" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repossession", + "scenario": "My partner and I have been awarded an eviction notice from the courts due to non payment of mortgage. As we have never defaulted before we feel that this is unfair and we want to challenge the court's decision.", + "question": "Now that the order has been granted is there any way of having it overturned?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "ask a judge to \u2018suspend the warrant for possession\u2019", + [] + ], + [ + "appeal", + [ + "

    If you think the judge made mistakes about the law or the facts of your case in the original hearing, you may be able to appeal.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "ask a more senior judge", + [ + "

    If you think the judge made mistakes about the law or the facts of your case in the original hearing, you may be able to appeal.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask a judge to \u2018suspend the warrant for possession\u2019. This means delaying the eviction or allowing you to stay in your home if you are able to make payments again.

    ", + "

    If you think the judge made mistakes about the law or the facts of your case in the original hearing, you may be able to appeal.

    ", + "

    If the judge refuses to give permission to appeal, you can ask a more senior judge.

    " + ], + "id": "train-942" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/party-walls-building-works", + "scenario": "My partner and I live in a semi detached house and both ourselves and our neighbours are home owners. I want to do some plastering work on an inside wall. This will not physically affect our neighbours but will be rather noisy", + "question": "Are we obliged to inform our neighbours about the pending work and can they stop it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your neighbours can\u2019t stop you from making changes to your property that are within the law, but they can affect how and when your works are carried out.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need to tell your neighbour about minor changes, eg plastering, adding or replacing electrical wiring or sockets, or drilling to put up shelves or cabinets.

    " + ], + "id": "train-943" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/party-walls-building-works", + "scenario": "My three bedroom house shares a garden wall with our next door neighbour. During a recent storm, the wall partially fell down.", + "question": "Who has to pay for the wall repairs in a situation like this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your neighbour may have to meet a share of the cost", + [ + "

    Your neighbour may have to meet a share of the cost if the work needs to be done because of defects or lack of repair. They will also need to pay if they ask for additional works to be done that will benefit them.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "you", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Party walls stand on the land of 2 or more owners and either:

    ", + "
  • don\u2019t form part of a building, such as a garden wall (not wooden fences)
    • ", + "

    Walls on one owner\u2019s land used by other owners (2 or more) to separate their buildings are also party walls.

    ", + "

    You need to pay for any building works that you start on a party wall.

    ", + "

    Your neighbour may have to meet a share of the cost if the work needs to be done because of defects or lack of repair. They will also need to pay if they ask for additional works to be done that will benefit them.

    " + ], + "id": "train-944" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-flat-rate-scheme", + "scenario": "Good evening. I run a small market stall, have a turn over of less that \u00a3150,000 pa. I have heard about VAT flat rate scheme.", + "question": "Can I join the scheme online?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re a VAT-registered business
    • ", + "
  • you expect your VAT taxable turnover to be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT) in the next 12 months
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can join the scheme online when you register for VAT.

    ", + "

    You can also fill in VAT600 FRS and either:

    ", + "
  • email it to frsapplications.vrs@hmrc.gsi.gov.uk
    • ", + "

    You can join the Flat Rate Scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a VAT-registered business
    • ", + "
  • you expect your VAT taxable turnover to be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT) in the next 12 months
    • " + ], + "id": "train-945" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-flat-rate-scheme", + "scenario": "I have heard of the VAT flat rate scheme and it sounds good to me. I'm tired of the hassle of working out my VAT.", + "question": "How do I join?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "fill in vat600 frs", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can also fill in VAT600 FRS and either:

    " + ], + "id": "train-946" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-self-assessment-tax-bill", + "scenario": "Good afternoon. I have trouble getting to the bank to pay my bills. i do not want to fall behind on my tax. I am hoping to be able to do this from home instead.", + "question": "Does HMRC have the ability to receive payment on the internet?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Same or next day

    ", + "
  • through your online bank account
    • ", + "
  • online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)
    • ", + "
  • CHAPS
    • ", + "
  • by debit or corporate credit card online
    • ", + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up with HMRC before)
    • ", + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set one up with HMRC before)
    • ", + "

    Online payment services may be slow during busy times. Check if there are any current problems or times they are not available.

    ", + "

    You can pay your Self Assessment bill using Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.

    ", + "

    You can pay your Self Assessment bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.

    ", + "

    You can pay online.

    " + ], + "id": "train-947" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-self-assessment-tax-bill", + "scenario": "Good morning. Ted the plumber here. I have a tax bill of \u00a315,000 to pay. To be honest, cashflow is tight right now and I'll find it hard to stump that all up at once.", + "question": "Is it possible to pay what I owe monthly?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC
    • ", + "
  • your tax returns are up to date
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can pay in regular monthly instalments, if you prefer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve already filed your Self Assessment tax return, you might be able to pay the bill in instalments.

    ", + "

    You can set up a payment plan to spread the cost of your latest Self Assessment bill if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you owe \u00a330,000 or less
    • ", + "
  • you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC
    • ", + "
  • your tax returns are up to date
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline
    • " + ], + "id": "train-948" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/voluntary-national-insurance-contributions", + "scenario": "I am a woman born in 1980. I relocated to Zambia from 2006 to 2016 and was not paying the National insurance.I am back to the UK and would like to pay. I don't want this to affect my state pension. Am I allowed to pay the gap?", + "question": "Can i pay the gap?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You cannot pay voluntary contributions if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re eligible for National Insurance credits
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a married woman or widow paying reduced rates
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You must be eligible to pay voluntary National Insurance contributions for the time that the contributions cover.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to pay voluntary contributions to fill any gaps if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You must be eligible to pay voluntary National Insurance contributions for the time that the contributions cover.

    ", + "

    You cannot pay voluntary contributions if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re eligible for National Insurance credits
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a married woman or widow paying reduced rates
    • ", + "

    You can pay voluntary contributions by 5 April 2023 to make up for gaps between 6 April 2006 and 5 April 2016.

    ", + "

    You have until 5 April 2023 to pay voluntary contributions to make up for gaps between April 2006 and April 2016.

    " + ], + "id": "train-949" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/voluntary-national-insurance-contributions", + "scenario": "I work locally in a saloon.I earn low wages of \u00a3120 per week. I have not been paying my national insurance. I can't also qualify for national insurance credits.", + "question": "Can i know the deadline to pay voluntary contributions?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can usually pay voluntary contributions for the past 6 years. the deadline is 5 april each year.", + [] + ], + [ + "more than 6 years ago", + [ + "

    You can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago, depending on your age.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can usually pay voluntary contributions for the past 6 years. The deadline is 5 April each year.

    ", + "

    You can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago, depending on your age.

    ", + "

    You have until 5 April 2023 to pay voluntary contributions to make up for gaps between April 2006 and April 2016.

    " + ], + "id": "train-950" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "scenario": "I have been working for my company for three years and have just been offered a stake in the company in the form of free shares through a share incentive plan. I have never held shares before and am not sure what to do.", + "question": "Can I get tax relief on these shares?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If you get shares through a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and keep them in the plan for 5 years you will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.

    ", + "

    You will not pay Capital Gains Tax on shares you sell if you keep them in the plan until you sell them.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your employer offers you company shares, you could get tax advantages, like not paying Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.

    ", + "

    Tax advantages only apply if the shares are offered through the following schemes:

    ", + "
  • Share Incentive Plans
    • ", + "

    If you get shares through a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and keep them in the plan for 5 years you will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.

    ", + "

    You will not pay Capital Gains Tax on shares you sell if you keep them in the plan until you sell them.

    " + ], + "id": "train-951" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "scenario": "I am a long term, full time employee of a major retailer and have some shares through their save as you earn scheme. These shares have consistently increased in value and it has been recommended that I transfer them to an ISA.", + "question": "Can I transfer them to an ISA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Your ISA provider must agree to the transfer.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can transfer up to \u00a320,000 of employee shares into a stocks and shares Individual Savings Account (ISA) if you have shares in a:

    ", + "
  • Save As You Earn (SAYE) scheme
    • ", + "

    Your ISA provider must agree to the transfer.

    " + ], + "id": "train-952" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax", + "scenario": "I live in Scotland and am a full time employee I earn \u00a350,000 per year. I would like to pay self assessment tax returns . I want pay for 2020-2021 tax year.", + "question": "What will be my tax rate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "19%", + [ + "Starter rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a314,667 | 19%" + ] + ], + [ + "20%", + [ + "Basic rate | \u00a314,668 to \u00a325,296 | 20%" + ] + ], + [ + "21%", + [ + "Intermediate rate | \u00a325,297 to \u00a343,662 | 21%" + ] + ], + [ + "41%", + [ + "Higher rate | \u00a343,663 to \u00a3150,000 | 41%" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The table shows the 2021 to 2022 Scottish Income Tax rates you pay in each band if you have a standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,570. You do not get a Personal Allowance if you earn over \u00a3125,140.

    ", + "Band | Taxable income | Scottish tax rate", + "Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0%", + "Starter rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a314,667 | 19%", + "Basic rate | \u00a314,668 to \u00a325,296 | 20%", + "Intermediate rate | \u00a325,297 to \u00a343,662 | 21%", + "Higher rate | \u00a343,663 to \u00a3150,000 | 41%" + ], + "id": "train-953" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax", + "scenario": "I live in Scotland and am a full time employee earning \u00a350,000 per year. I also have a property in England. I would like to pay self assessment tax returns . I want pay for 2020-2021 tax year.", + "question": "In matters of tax returns, will Scotland be termed as my main home?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • most of your possessions are
    • ", + "
  • your family lives, if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re registered for things like your bank account, GP or car insurance
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a member of clubs or societies
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your main home is usually where you live and spend most of your time.

    ", + "

    Your main home may be the home where you spend less time if that\u2019s where:

    ", + "
  • most of your possessions are
    • ", + "
  • your family lives, if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re registered for things like your bank account, GP or car insurance
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a member of clubs or societies
    • " + ], + "id": "train-954" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-your-private-pension", + "scenario": "I have been a primary school teacher for over thirty years and am coming up to retirement age. I have a private pension through my job but someone told me recently that I might be liable to pay tax on this, which is alarming me very much.", + "question": "Must I pay tax on a pension I have worked hard for for a long time?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • 100% of your earnings in a year - this is the limit on tax relief you get
    • ", + "
  • \u00a340,000 a year - check your \u2018annual allowance\u2019
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,073,100 in your lifetime - this is the lifetime allowance
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll only pay tax if you go above the annual allowance. This is \u00a340,000 this tax year.

    ", + "

    You usually pay tax if your pension pots are worth more than the lifetime allowance. This is currently \u00a31,073,100.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your private pension contributions are tax-free up to certain limits.

    ", + "

    This applies to most private pension schemes, for example:

    ", + "
  • workplace pensions
    • ", + "

    You usually pay tax if savings in your pension pots go above:

    ", + "
  • 100% of your earnings in a year - this is the limit on tax relief you get
    • ", + "
  • \u00a340,000 a year - check your \u2018annual allowance\u2019
    • ", + "
  • \u00a31,073,100 in your lifetime - this is the lifetime allowance
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll only pay tax if you go above the annual allowance. This is \u00a340,000 this tax year.

    ", + "

    You usually pay tax if your pension pots are worth more than the lifetime allowance. This is currently \u00a31,073,100.

    " + ], + "id": "train-955" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-your-private-pension", + "scenario": "I am forty nine and have worked as a police officer since I was in my early twenties. I am eligible to take early retirement and claim my pension earlier but my partner is still in full time employment and cannot retire for some time yet.", + "question": "Will my partner being still in full time employment affect my right to my pension as I am not yet fifty?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-956" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-forms-p45-p60-p11d", + "scenario": "I have left my job. I have requested a P45 from my employers, but they still have not given me one. Two months have now passed since I left.", + "question": "Do my employer's have to give me a P45?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll get a P45 from your employer when you stop working for them.

    ", + "

    By law your employer must give you a P45 - ask them for one.

    " + ], + "id": "train-957" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-forms-p45-p60-p11d", + "scenario": "I received a P60 from my employer. I have lost this P60, and I need to get another one to replace it.", + "question": "Am I able to ask my employer for a replacement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get a replacement P60 from your employer.

    " + ], + "id": "train-958" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-hmrc-change-of-details", + "scenario": "My friend runs a pub business . He has now changed his name via deed poll.", + "question": "Does he need to tell HMRC?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    How you contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to update your name or address depends on your situation.

    ", + "

    You need to wait until you\u2019ve moved or changed your name before telling HMRC.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve changed your name

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC your name has changed. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.

    " + ], + "id": "train-959" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-hmrc-change-of-details", + "scenario": "My uncle owned two houses and decided to sell the one which he doesn't use as the main home. He has received a lump sum of money. He is cognizant of capital gain tax.", + "question": "Does he have to report this income to HMRC?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about changes to your taxable income.

    ", + "

    But you must tell HMRC about any other changes, for example when you start or stop getting:

    ", + "
  • lump sums from selling things you pay Capital Gains Tax on, such as shares or property that\u2019s not your main home
    • " + ], + "id": "train-960" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/individual-savings-accounts", + "scenario": "I am a 19 year old who is a UK resident. I am considering opening a lifetime ISA, but I am not sure how much I am allowed to pay in per year.", + "question": "What amount can I pay into a lifetime ISA each year if I also save in stock and shares ISA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a34,000", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can only pay \u00a34,000 into your Lifetime ISA in a tax year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-961" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/individual-savings-accounts", + "scenario": "I am a UK resident. I am moving to Germany for work reasons, and I am trying to sort out my UK affairs. I currently hold an ISA and would like to keep this open.", + "question": "Will I be able to continue to put money into my ISA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you open an Individual Savings Account (ISA) in the UK then move abroad, you cannot put money into it after the tax year that you move (unless you\u2019re a Crown employee working overseas or their spouse or civil partner).

    ", + "

    However, you can keep your ISA open and you\u2019ll still get UK tax relief on money and investments held in it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-962" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "scenario": "My partner and I are British citizens and own a property in London. We have, however, been living in Spain for the past ten years. We would now like to sell our UK property.", + "question": "Are the rules the same to sell a property in the UK when we live abroad?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are different rules if you:

    ", + "
  • live abroad
    • ", + "

    There are special rules for calculating your gain if:

    ", + "
  • you live abroad
    • " + ], + "id": "train-963" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "scenario": "I have recently been widowed and am in a bad financial situation as my husband did not have a pension and we did not have savings. The only asset I have right now is our two bedroom home.", + "question": "Would I get a tax break given the difficult circumstances that I am in?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-964" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-codes", + "scenario": "I am self employed and have recently filled out a form which asked me to provide my tax code. I know very little about tax laws, unfortunately.", + "question": "In what way can I find out my tax code?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "use the check your income tax online service within your personal tax account", + [] + ], + [ + "on your payslip or tax code letter from hmrc", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Use the check your Income Tax online service within your Personal Tax Account to find your tax code for the current year. You can also view your tax code for:

    ", + "

    You can also find your tax code on your payslip or tax code letter from HMRC.

    " + ], + "id": "train-965" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-codes", + "scenario": "I have been in my job for two years now and do my own taxes. I have recently been granted a small rise in pay. This will not make much of an impact in my overall weekly income, however.", + "question": "Do I have to report my rise in income to HMRC?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    In most cases, HMRC will automatically update your tax code when your income changes, for example if you start a new job, start getting a pension or receive benefits or work expenses. They\u2019ll usually get this information from your employer.

    " + ], + "id": "train-966" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-your-private-pension", + "scenario": "I have an income of \u00a3250,000 per year. When it is adjusted, this is \u00a3280,000 per year. I am looking at the tax on my pension.", + "question": "Is my annual allowance on my pension reduced?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll only pay tax if you go above the annual allowance. This is \u00a340,000 this tax year.

    ", + "

    Your annual allowance might be lower if you have:

    ", + "
  • a high income
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have a reduced (\u2018tapered\u2019) annual allowance in the current tax year if both:

    ", + "
  • your \u2018threshold income\u2019 is over \u00a3200,000
    • ", + "
  • your \u2018adjusted income\u2019 is over \u00a3240,000
    • " + ], + "id": "train-967" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-your-private-pension", + "scenario": "My pension pot has risen to \u00a31,080,000 this year. My yearly income is \u00a3500,000. I am looking at the tax I will pay now.", + "question": "Will I pay any additional tax now I have gone over the lifetime allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You usually pay tax if savings in your pension pots go above:

    ", + "
  • \u00a31,073,100 in your lifetime - this is the lifetime allowance
    • ", + "

    You usually pay tax if your pension pots are worth more than the lifetime allowance. This is currently \u00a31,073,100.

    " + ], + "id": "train-968" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-annual-accounting-scheme", + "scenario": "I am a vehicle dealer having a annual income of \u00a31,300000 and I have got a lot of engagement with my work. I always file my returns very late. I need help to have all my taxes paid promptly.", + "question": "Can i join the VAT annual accounting scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can join the Annual Accounting Scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a VAT-registered business
    • ", + "
  • your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    You cannot use the scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments
    • " + ], + "id": "train-969" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-annual-accounting-scheme", + "scenario": "My Aunt owns a fashion and design company. It is VAT registered. She wants to use the VAT accounting scheme in order to pay her returns in advance. She turns over \u00a3790000 per year at the moment.", + "question": "What is the turnover limit to join the annual accounting scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a31.35 million", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can join the scheme if your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less.

    ", + "

    You can join the Annual Accounting Scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a VAT-registered business
    • ", + "
  • your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months
    • " + ], + "id": "train-970" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/individual-savings-accounts", + "scenario": "I'm 35 and I have just been promoted to manager, I finally have a decent salary and I would like to start saving about \u00a3300-\u00a3400 monthly. My dream is to buy a flat on day in the future. One of my colleague suggested me to open an ISA.", + "question": "How much money can I save each year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a320,000", + [ + "
  • cash ISAs
    • ", + "
  • stocks and shares ISAs
    • ", + "
  • innovative finance ISAs
    • ", + "

    You can save up to \u00a320,000 in one type of account or split the allowance across some or all of the other types.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a34,000", + [ + "
  • Lifetime ISAs
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    In the 2021 to 2022 tax year, the maximum you can save in ISAs is \u00a320,000

    ", + "

    There are 4 types of ISA:

    ", + "
  • cash ISAs
    • ", + "
  • stocks and shares ISAs
    • ", + "
  • innovative finance ISAs
    • ", + "
  • Lifetime ISAs
    • ", + "

    You can save up to \u00a320,000 in one type of account or split the allowance across some or all of the other types.

    ", + "

    You can only pay \u00a34,000 into your Lifetime ISA in a tax year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-971" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/individual-savings-accounts", + "scenario": "During the lockdown I studied the stock market and I think that the best option for my future is to invest in some index funds, unfortunately I was diagnosed a cancer last year and I would like to invest some money for my wife and my child.", + "question": "Is the ISA going to be part of my inheritance that my family is going to receive if I die?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There will be no Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax to pay up to that date, but ISA investments will form part of your estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.

    " + ], + "id": "train-972" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-pension", + "scenario": "I want to take my whole pension of \u00a3250,000 out in a lump sum. I am wondering what would the tax implications be for this.", + "question": "Will I have to pay tax on this lump sum?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You pay tax if your total annual income adds up to more than your Personal Allowance. Find out about your Personal Allowance and Income Tax rates.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from a private pension. You may also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from your pension. You could also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay tax if your total annual income adds up to more than your Personal Allowance. Find out about your Personal Allowance and Income Tax rates.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from a private pension. You may also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.

    ", + "

    You can usually take up to 25% of the amount built up in any pension as a tax-free lump sum. The tax-free lump sum doesn\u2019t affect your Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    You might have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from your pension. You could also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-973" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-pension", + "scenario": "I am 65 year old, and I have been told that I only have three years to live. I have a pension pot of \u00a3750,000.", + "question": "Will I be eligible for the full free tax benefit from my low life expectancy?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to take all the money in your pension as a tax-free lump sum, if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 75
    • ", + "
  • you don\u2019t have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings
    • " + ], + "id": "train-974" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane", + "scenario": "I have had part of my garden purchased to make way for a new road. The road has now opened, and the noise of the road is keeping me awake.", + "question": "Is there any compensation I can apply for?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When a new road is built, it often involves the \u2018compulsory purchase\u2019 of land to make way for the road.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get compensation if a compulsory purchase means you become affected by road noise. Find out more in the guide \u2018Your property and compulsory purchase\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-975" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane", + "scenario": "I live near an trainline. The noise at first was fine, but there seems to be a train that goes by at midnight that makes a ridiculously loud noise.", + "question": "Who can I contact about this issue?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the company running those trains", + [] + ], + [ + "your local council", + [ + "

    If you think that noise levels are affecting your health contact your local council who will investigate on your behalf.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are no legal limits to noise from existing railways.

    ", + "

    If you think that noise levels are affecting your health contact your local council who will investigate on your behalf.

    ", + "

    If particular trains are causing you a problem, speak to the company running those trains.

    " + ], + "id": "train-976" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-shares", + "scenario": "I inherited some shares from my elderly uncle. I know some are very old and i want to tell them. I will probably have to pay tax of some sort.", + "question": "Am I liable for tax and if so, what kind?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "capital gains tax", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay Capital Gains Tax.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) shares or other investments.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay Capital Gains Tax.

    " + ], + "id": "train-977" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-shares", + "scenario": "Me and some friends have got together to start buying some shares. It seems to be easier to it collectively.", + "question": "Are there specific rules for such things?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You work out your gain differently if you\u2019ve bought and sold shares through an investment club.

    ", + "

    An investment club is a group of people that buys and sells shares together on the stock market.

    " + ], + "id": "train-978" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/keeping-your-pay-tax-records", + "scenario": "I run my own business. I have submitted my tax return for the tax year ending 5th April 2020. This was submitted on the 7th January 2021.", + "question": "For how long do I have to keep my records for this tax year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 22 months after the end of the tax year the tax return is for.", + [ + "

    Tax returns sent on or before the deadline

    " + ] + ], + [ + "at least 15 months after you sent the tax return", + [ + "

    Tax returns sent after the deadline

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tax returns sent on or before the deadline

    ", + "

    You should keep your records for at least 22 months after the end of the tax year the tax return is for.

    ", + "

    Tax returns sent after the deadline

    ", + "

    You should keep your records for at least 15 months after you sent the tax return.

    " + ], + "id": "train-979" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/keeping-your-pay-tax-records", + "scenario": "I own some properties in the UK that I am about to rent out. I am considering the tax that I would have to pay, and the documents I will need to keep.", + "question": "What information do I need to keep in relation to this apart from rent received?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the dates when you let out your property", + [] + ], + [ + "any income from services you give to tenants", + [] + ], + [ + "rent books, receipts, invoices and bank statements", + [] + ], + [ + "allowable expenses you pay to run your property", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to keep records if you have to send HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    You should keep details of:

    ", + "
  • the dates when you let out your property
    • ", + "
  • all rent you get
    • ", + "
  • any income from services you give to tenants (for example if you charge for maintenance or repairs)
    • ", + "
  • rent books, receipts, invoices and bank statements
    • ", + "
  • allowable expenses you pay to run your property (for example services you pay for such as cleaning or gardening)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-980" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance", + "scenario": "I just started working as I became 16 years old, I get paid \u00a3200 per work week, I expect this to go up to \u00a3400 next year.", + "question": "How much do I have to pay national insurance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "12%", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay mandatory National Insurance if you\u2019re 16 or over and are either:

    ", + "
  • an employee earning above \u00a3184 a week
    • ", + "

    You pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions. The rates for most people for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:

    ", + "Your pay | Class 1 National Insurance rate", + "\u00a3184 to \u00a3967 a week (\u00a3797 to \u00a34,189 a month) | 12%" + ], + "id": "train-981" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance", + "scenario": "I became self employed and make \u00a33000 per year, this is my only job after I left my previous employer.", + "question": "Do I have to pay national insurance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay mandatory National Insurance if you\u2019re 16 or over and are either:

    ", + "
  • self-employed and making a profit of \u00a36,515 or more a year
    • ", + "National Insurance class | Who pays", + "Class 2 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a36,515 or more a year. If you\u2019re earning less than this, you can choose to pay voluntary contributions to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record" + ], + "id": "train-982" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance", + "scenario": "My Aunt is both employed and self-employed .She makes both class 1 and class 2 national insurance payments. She wants to file her self assessment tax returns.", + "question": "Is she required to pay both types at the same time when paying her self assessment bill?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Class 1 | Employees earning more than \u00a3184 a week and under State Pension age - they\u2019re automatically deducted by your employer", + "

    You pay National Insurance with your tax. Your employer will take it from your wages before you get paid. Your payslip will show your contributions.

    ", + "

    You pay Class 2 and Class 4 National Insurance, depending on your profits. Most people pay both through Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    You might be an employee but also do self-employed work. In this case your employer will deduct your Class 1 National Insurance from your wages, and you may have to pay Class 2 and 4 National Insurance for your self-employed work.

    " + ], + "id": "train-983" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance", + "scenario": "My daughter is now 16 years old. She wishes to start some work. She is a UK resident and has the right to work in the UK. Intending to get a wage of \u00a3190 per week", + "question": "Will she be liable in paying national insurance ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay mandatory National Insurance if you\u2019re 16 or over and are either:

    ", + "
  • an employee earning above \u00a3184 a week
    • ", + "

    You pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions. The rates for most people for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:

    ", + "Your pay | Class 1 National Insurance rate", + "\u00a3184 to \u00a3967 a week (\u00a3797 to \u00a34,189 a month) | 12%" + ], + "id": "train-984" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane", + "scenario": "My friend Ann has been experiencing sleepless nights since last year. This is after a new road was constructed which passes near her property. The potential buyer who had interest in buying the property withdrew citing road noise.", + "question": "Can she apply for a compensation?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If noise from a new road exceeds certain levels at your home you might be able to get sound insulation.

    ", + "

    Contact your highway authority to apply, or if you\u2019re worried about the noise from a planned road scheme - get their details from your local council.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get compensation if a compulsory purchase means you become affected by road noise. Find out more in the guide \u2018Your property and compulsory purchase\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can apply for compensation if your property value goes down because of road noise from the use of a new or altered road.

    " + ], + "id": "train-985" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane", + "scenario": "I live in the countryside and a new railway line has been built near my farm. It causes a lot of noise pollution from the trains and I find it very uncomfortable. My house is not insulated.", + "question": "Can i contact the rail company involved and make a complaint?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If noise from a new railway affects your property you might be able to get sound insulation for your home. Contact the relevant rail authority - ask your local council for their details.

    " + ], + "id": "train-986" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-2-national-insurance", + "scenario": "Hello Dave again. I have been living aboard for some years and have, off and on, paid NI contributions. Usually a transfer from my bank here.", + "question": "Can I pay via Direct debit from my UK bank account instead?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not pay through Self Assessment if you\u2019re any of the following:

    ", + "
  • living abroad and paying voluntary Class 2 contributions
    • ", + "
  • working abroad
    • ", + "

    Fill in the form to set up a new Direct Debit.

    " + ], + "id": "train-987" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-2-national-insurance", + "scenario": "These last few months have been terrible with COVID19 making life difficult. i have not been able to get to the bank to deposit my NI class 2 contributions.", + "question": "Can I send you a cheque", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    " + ], + "id": "train-988" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/building-regulations-approval", + "scenario": "I am planning to change the lights in the bathroom of my house. I do not need approval for buildings regulations.", + "question": "Can I ignore the energy efficiency standards for this change?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not need building regulations approval for some exempt projects, including:

    ", + "
  • new power and lighting points, or changes to existing circuits (except around baths and showers)
    • ", + "

    You must meet safety and energy efficiency standards even if you do not need formal approval.

    " + ], + "id": "train-989" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/building-regulations-approval", + "scenario": "I am looking to have the fuse box in my house moved. I am not able to do it myself, so I am looking for an electrician to do it for me?", + "question": "In what way can I be sure that the tradesman will meet regulations?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "search the electrical competent person register", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Search the Electrical Competent Person Register if you\u2019re looking for an electrician to work on your home.

    " + ], + "id": "train-990" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-for-self-assessment", + "scenario": "I was self employed two years ago, but closed the business. I already have a unique taxpayer's reference from filing online previously. I have become self-employed once again, and need to sign up for self assessment.", + "question": "Do I need a new UTR for the self assessment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Re-register online (form CWF1) if the work you plan to do is different from what you did before.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) from when you registered before. You can find your UTR if you do not know it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-991" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-for-self-assessment", + "scenario": "I am a partner in a new partnership. I need to register for self assessment. I am also the nominated partner.", + "question": "What do I need to do to sign up for self assessment?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-992" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals", + "scenario": "My fiance and I are self employed and have never had any problems with HMRC before. But we recently received a letter saying that we underpaid our last tax bill. I do not know how this can have happened.", + "question": "Is it possible to query HMRC's decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have a query about a tax decision. If you do not understand the decision you can also get advice from HMRC or professional help.

    ", + "

    HMRC will send you a decision letter that will tell you if you can appeal against a tax decision.

    " + ], + "id": "train-993" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals", + "scenario": "I have recently recovered from a bout of Covid 19 which saw me hospitalised for three weeks. When I returned I found that I had been penalised for not returning my self assessment tax form in time.", + "question": "Am I eligible to complain about this and have the penalty repaid due to extenuating circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal against some decisions about:

    ", + "
  • a penalty (for example if you paid your tax late or filed your tax return late)
    • ", + "

    You can appeal against some penalties if you have a reasonable excuse, for example for your return or payment being late.

    ", + "

    A reasonable excuse is something that stopped you meeting a tax obligation that you took reasonable care to meet, for example:

    ", + "
  • you had an unexpected stay in hospital that prevented you from dealing with your tax affairs
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)

    ", + "

    HMRC will consider coronavirus as a reasonable excuse for missing some tax obligations (such as payments or filing dates).

    " + ], + "id": "train-994" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/voluntary-national-insurance-contributions", + "scenario": "I am self employed. In the previous seven years, I only made \u00a35,000 profit per year. I paid no national insurance during this time.", + "question": "Can I voluntarily pay for national insurance for the whole seven year gap?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can usually only pay for gaps in your National Insurance record from the past 6 years.

    ", + "

    You can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago depending on your age.

    ", + "

    You can usually pay voluntary contributions for the past 6 years. The deadline is 5 April each year.

    ", + "

    You can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago, depending on your age.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get gaps in your record if you do not pay National Insurance or do not get National Insurance credits. This could be because you were:

    ", + "
  • self-employed but did not pay contributions because of small profits
    • ", + "

    You may be able to pay voluntary contributions to fill any gaps if you\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You can usually only pay for gaps in your National Insurance record from the past 6 years.

    ", + "

    You can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago depending on your age.

    ", + "

    You can usually pay voluntary contributions for the past 6 years. The deadline is 5 April each year.

    ", + "

    You can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago, depending on your age.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re a man born after 5 April 1951 or a woman born after 5 April 1953

    " + ], + "id": "train-995" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/voluntary-national-insurance-contributions", + "scenario": "I am a woman who was born on the 3rd April 1952. I am looking at the rates of national insurance I should be paying.", + "question": "What rates should I be paying?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a33.05 a week", + [ + "
  • \u00a33.05 a week for Class 2
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a315.40 a week", + [ + "
  • \u00a315.40 a week for Class 3
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33.05 a week for Class 2
    • ", + "
  • \u00a315.40 a week for Class 3
    • ", + "

    You usually pay the current rate when you make a voluntary contribution.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying Class 2 contributions for the previous tax year or Class 3 contributions for the previous 2 tax years, you pay the original rate for those tax years.

    " + ], + "id": "train-996" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-to-bankrupt-someone", + "scenario": "My neighbor borrowed me \u00a310,000 to plan his wedding in the year 2018.Efforts to recover my money have been futile. He owns several cars and a pub.I want to bankrupt him because he owes me money.", + "question": "How much does a bunkruptcy petition cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3990 petition deposit", + [] + ], + [ + "\u00a3280 for court costs", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The court fees to make someone bankrupt are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3990 petition deposit (for managing the bankruptcy)
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3280 for court costs
    • " + ], + "id": "train-997" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-to-bankrupt-someone", + "scenario": "My Aunt wants to do a search for a debtor who owes her money. She wants to find out if the debtor has other bankruptcy petitions before she files one.", + "question": "Can she give an oral confirmation about the search?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must confirm you\u2019ve carried out the searches by writing a declaration - use the wording below and fill in the petition number and the name of the court if applicable.

    " + ], + "id": "train-998" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-for-self-assessment", + "scenario": "I have been working abroad for a number of years and just returned to the UK. I have a property in South Africa I am renting out. I am aware that I might need to declare this income. I am working for a bank.", + "question": "What is the first step in registering for self assessment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "register online", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • Register online. Once you\u2019ve completed the questions, HMRC will create your account.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-999" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-for-self-assessment", + "scenario": "Greetings. i have been made a partner in the firm I work for. Up until now I have been just an employee paying PAYE as normal.", + "question": "Are partners in firms treated the same way?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are different ways to register if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • registering a partner or partnership
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1000" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-planning-appeal-costs", + "scenario": "I have made an appeal on a planning decision. I took time off work for an inspection, costing me \u00a3500 in business revenue. The inspector did not turn up.", + "question": "Am I able to claim these costs due to this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim costs if someone involved in your planning appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim costs if someone involved in your appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money. This includes if they:

    ", + "
  • fail to turn up to a site visit, hearing or inquiry
    • ", + "

    You can claim for costs directly related to your appeal, for example:

    ", + "
  • time preparing for an appeal
    • ", + "
  • attending a hearing or inquiry
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1001" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-planning-appeal-costs", + "scenario": "I have appealed against a planning decision, and have made a claim to for costs. The costs I incurred were \u00a3600 for witnesses.", + "question": "Will I be able to get the full amount back?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • fail to co-operate with you or others
    • ", + "
  • miss deadlines
    • ", + "
  • fail to turn up to a site visit, hearing or inquiry
    • ", + "
  • gave information that was wrong or declared after the deadline
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim costs if someone involved in your planning appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim costs if someone involved in your appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money. This includes if they:

    ", + "
  • fail to co-operate with you or others
    • ", + "
  • miss deadlines
    • ", + "
  • fail to turn up to a site visit, hearing or inquiry
    • ", + "
  • gave information that was wrong or declared after the deadline
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1002" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "scenario": "I want to apply for the Debt Respite scheme so I can get advice to pay off my unsecured debt. I do not have a debt relief order at this time.", + "question": "What steps do I need to take to apply?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "talk to a debt adviser", + [] + ], + [ + "submit an application", + [] + ], + [ + "get confidential advice online, over the phone or in person", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To apply for the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, you need to talk to a debt adviser. They will submit an application on your behalf if it\u2019s the right thing to do.

    ", + "

    You can find a free debt adviser on the Money Advice Service website. You can get confidential advice online, over the phone or in person.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1003" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "scenario": "I have unsecured debts amounting to \u00a375,000 that I am struggling to pay. I can afford to pay a small amount each month. I want to apply for a Debt Management Plan.", + "question": "Will I be eligible for this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A Debt Management Plan is an agreement between you and your creditors to pay all of your debts.

    ", + "

    Debt management plans are usually used when either:

    ", + "
  • you can only afford to pay creditors a small amount each month
    • ", + "

    Debt Management Plans can only be used to pay \u2018unsecured\u2019 debts, for example debts that have not been guaranteed against your property.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1004" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-annual-accounting-scheme", + "scenario": "I have a VAT-registered business. The turnover of my business in the next year is estimated to be \u00a31.5 million. I am looking to join the annual accounting scheme. I have never joined this scheme.", + "question": "Am I eligible to join this scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can join the Annual Accounting Scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a VAT-registered business
    • ", + "
  • your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1005" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-annual-accounting-scheme", + "scenario": "I have just joined the VAT annual accounting scheme. I am sorting out the payment schedule for my business for cashflow purposes.", + "question": "When are the payment deadlines for this scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "due at the end of months 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12", + [ + "Monthly | Due at the end of months 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12" + ] + ], + [ + "due at the end of months 4, 7 and 10", + [ + "Quarterly | Due at the end of months 4, 7 and 10" + ] + ], + [ + "within 2 months of month 12", + [ + "Final payment | Within 2 months of month 12" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Payment | Deadline", + "Monthly | Due at the end of months 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12", + "Quarterly | Due at the end of months 4, 7 and 10", + "Final payment | Within 2 months of month 12" + ], + "id": "train-1006" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-forms-p45-p60-p11d", + "scenario": "Good morning. I am returning to the UK from Africa where I have been working for last 10 years. Obviously I have no P45.", + "question": "What information do i need to give my employer when he is registering me as and employee for tax purposes?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a \u2018starter checklist\u2019", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    They may use a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 to collect the information, or may collect it another way. The Starter Checklist has questions about any other jobs, benefits or student loans you have. It helps your employer work out your correct tax code before your first payday.

    ", + "

    Instead, your new employer may give you a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 or ask you for the relevant details about your finances to send to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1007" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-forms-p45-p60-p11d", + "scenario": "I have recently applied for a mortgage and I have been asked for proof of income. I gave them payslips but they said I should provide something else.", + "question": "Would my end of year P60 form be suitable for this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your P60 shows the tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary in the tax year (6 April to 5 April). You get a separate P60 for each of your jobs.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need your P60 to prove how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary, for example:

    ", + "
  • as proof of your income if you apply for a loan or a mortgage
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1008" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-property-boundaries", + "scenario": "My neighbour and I share a hedge that runs between our two properties. I think it would be wise, for the avoidance of doubt, to have an agreement in place regarding the hedge.", + "question": "What details are required in a boundary agreement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your name and address", + [] + ], + [ + "your neighbour\u2019s name and address", + [] + ], + [ + "the date the agreement begins", + [] + ], + [ + "the boundary you\u2019ve agreed", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You and your neighbour can create a \u2018boundary agreement\u2019 to record:

    ", + "
  • who\u2019s responsible for maintaining a hedge, wall, tree or fence between 2 properties
    • ", + "

    Your boundary agreement must include:

    ", + "
  • your name and address
    • ", + "
  • your neighbour\u2019s name and address
    • ", + "
  • the date the agreement begins
    • ", + "
  • the boundary you\u2019ve agreed
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1009" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-property-boundaries", + "scenario": "We have noticed that there is a mistake on our title deeds regarding the boundary. I have spoken to our neighbour and he agrees with us.", + "question": "How can I change the title deeds to rectify this mistake?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "explain why you think there\u2019s a mistake", + [] + ], + [ + "include any evidence that supports your argument", + [] + ], + [ + "write to hm land registry (hmlr)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to get the title plan corrected if you think there\u2019s a mistake on it.

    ", + "

    Write to HM Land Registry (HMLR) if you think there\u2019s a boundary mistake on a property\u2019s title plan.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • explain why you think there\u2019s a mistake
    • ", + "
  • include any evidence that supports your argument, such as certified copies of the deeds to the property
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1010" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/voluntary-national-insurance-contributions", + "scenario": "Good evening. Dave here. I have been working in Africa for a few years and am concerned about my state pension. Someone has told me I can pay towards this even if I am out of the UK.", + "question": "Can I pay NI contributions while I am outside the United Kingdom for a prolonged period?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can usually only pay for gaps in your National Insurance record from the past 6 years.

    ", + "Living and working abroad | Class 2 - but only if you worked in the UK immediately before leaving, and you\u2019ve previously lived in the UK for at least 3 years in a row or paid at least 3 years of contributions" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may want to pay voluntary contributions because:

    ", + "
  • you live outside the UK, but you want to qualify for some benefits
    • ", + "

    You can usually only pay for gaps in your National Insurance record from the past 6 years.

    ", + "Your situation | Which class to pay", + "Living and working abroad | Class 2 - but only if you worked in the UK immediately before leaving, and you\u2019ve previously lived in the UK for at least 3 years in a row or paid at least 3 years of contributions" + ], + "id": "train-1011" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-deposit-protection", + "scenario": "Good morning. I am renting out my second home and will be taking a one month deposit from the tenants to protect myself in case of issues.", + "question": "When do i need to give information to the tenant?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "once your landlord has received your deposit", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Once your landlord has received your deposit, they have 30 days to tell you:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1012" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-deposit-protection", + "scenario": "I am a tenant and and moving out of the house this month end. I paid a deposit to the landlord and he says he hasn't got the money to hand. I am now out of pocket.", + "question": "When should a landlord return a deposit to a tenant?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 10 days of you both agreeing how much you\u2019ll get back", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your landlord must return your deposit within 10 days of you both agreeing how much you\u2019ll get back.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1013" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "scenario": "I have shares in an incentive plan. I plan to keep these shares in this plan for the next 7 year. I am considering the tax implications of these shares.", + "question": "How much income tax do I need to pay on these shares?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you will not pay income tax", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you get shares through a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and keep them in the plan for 5 years you will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1014" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "scenario": "I own \u00a37,000 of shares in my employer's company. I received \u00a31,600 of these shares before the 20th January 2016. I, nor any relation, hold more than 25% of the voting rights in the company.", + "question": "Am I eligible for tax relief on these shares?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your employer offers you company shares, you could get tax advantages, like not paying Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.

    ", + "

    To be an employee shareholder, you must own shares in your employer\u2019s company that were worth at least \u00a32,000 when you got them.

    ", + "

    You will not usually pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the first \u00a32,000 worth of employee shareholder shares you get before 1 December 2016.

    ", + "

    You will not get tax relief if you or someone you\u2019re connected with (like a business partner, spouse or family member) have 25% or more voting rights in the company.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1015" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-relief-for-employees", + "scenario": "I have been working from home since last year due to covid . It forced me to buy several items to help me work efficiently like a laptop, internet broadband , a desk and a chair. My gas and electricity bills have increased as well. My employer has not paid me back all these expenses.", + "question": "What can i claim for tax relief?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "gas and electricity", + [] + ], + [ + "metered water", + [] + ], + [ + "business phone calls, including dial-up internet access", + [] + ], + [ + "equipment you\u2019ve bought", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief for additional household costs if you have to work at home on a regular basis, either for all or part of the week. This includes if you have to work from home because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief for:

    ", + "
  • gas and electricity
    • ", + "
  • metered water
    • ", + "
  • business phone calls, including dial-up internet access
    • ", + "

    You may also be able to claim tax relief on equipment you\u2019ve bought, such as a laptop, chair or mobile phone.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1016" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-relief-for-employees", + "scenario": "I am a marketing manager in my company. I travel with my car and stay overnights in hotels as I meet more and more business clients. I spent personal money on covering accommodation fees, food and drink. I am in the process of compiling all the expenses to claim tax relief", + "question": "I've told I can't include parking fees. Is this correct?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have to travel for your work you may be able to claim tax relief on the cost or money you\u2019ve spent on food or overnight expenses.

    ", + "

    You can claim tax relief for money you\u2019ve spent on things like:

    ", + "
  • parking fees
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1017" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-hmrc-change-of-details", + "scenario": "I am an employee and have completed self assessment tax returns for several years. I recently moved house to a larger property.", + "question": "Do I need to tell HMRC that I have moved?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    How you contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to update your name or address depends on your situation.

    ", + "

    Tell HMRC you\u2019ve changed your address. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1018" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-hmrc-change-of-details", + "scenario": "My name is Danielle, formerly Daniel. I now identify myself as female. I have not changed job, nor have any of my other circumstances changed.", + "question": "How do I inform HMRC of my change of gender?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "told automatically", + [] + ], + [ + "write to special section d", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually told automatically when you change gender legally by applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate.

    ", + "

    You can write to Special Section D to tell HMRC:

    ", + "
  • about your legal gender change
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1019" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-to-bankrupt-someone", + "scenario": "I am owed \u00a310,000 by a borrower. They have refused to pay, and I want to bankrupt them. I do not know how to check whether there are other petitions open in London.", + "question": "Where can I check whether there are other petitions?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the rolls building of the royal courts of justice", + [] + ], + [ + "the central london county court", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must check if the debtor has had any bankruptcy petitions against them in the past 18 months. These checks are called \u2018searches\u2019.

    ", + "

    Carry out checks using the public computers at either:

    ", + "
  • the Rolls Building of the Royal Courts of Justice
    • ", + "
  • the Central London County Court
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1020" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-personal-possessions", + "scenario": "I own a watch that is worth \u00a360,000. The watch will only have 30 years of life left. I am looking to sell the watch.", + "question": "Will I need to pay capital gains tax on this item?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) a personal possession for \u00a36,000 or more.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t pay Capital Gains Tax on:

    ", + "
  • anything with a limited lifespan, eg clocks - unless used for business
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions with a lifespan of less than 50 years. This covers all machinery, and includes things like antique clocks or watches.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1021" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-personal-possessions", + "scenario": "I want to sell an antique vase for \u00a3150,000. I bought the vase for \u00a320,000, and spent \u00a360,000 on repairs to the vase.", + "question": "Do I pay tax on the repair expenses?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Possessions you may need to pay tax on include:

    ", + "
  • antiques
    • ", + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your personal possession and what you sold it for.

    ", + "

    You can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your personal possession from your gain.

    ", + "

    Costs you can deduct include:

    ", + "
  • costs to improve your possession (but not repairs)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1022" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands", + "scenario": "I am a sole trader buying and selling catering equipment. I purchased an industrial oven which was damaged when I received it. I disputed the value on invoice sent to me by the seller. I have received a statutory demand from the seller for this invoice.", + "question": "Do I have to pay this invoice within 21 days even though I am in dispute with the seller?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you do not agree with a statutory demand you\u2019ve been given, you can apply to challenge it and get it \u2018set aside\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you win your case, you\u2019ll get an order from the court setting aside the statutory demand. The deadline for paying the debt will be suspended.

    ", + "

    If you lose, you\u2019ll have to pay back your debt within the 21 day time limit. The creditor can apply to bankrupt you if you do not pay in time and your debt is \u00a35,000 or more.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1023" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands", + "scenario": "I have a business, and am owed \u00a317,000 by a limited company in the UK for a machine I supplied to them. They have recently gone into administration due to lack of funds and state they will not be paying me.", + "question": "If I issue a statutory demand for payment will it assist my case in receiving some of the money owed to me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    If the debt\u2019s over 6 years old, you cannot usually make a statutory demand. You can get legal advice instead.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a statutory demand to ask for payment of a debt from an individual or company.

    ", + "

    Anyone who\u2019s owed money (the \u2018creditor\u2019) can make a statutory demand. You do not need a lawyer.

    ", + "

    If the debt\u2019s over 6 years old, you cannot usually make a statutory demand. You can get legal advice instead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1024" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/married-couples-allowance", + "scenario": "I am married to a woman, who I currently live with. I was born on the 7th March 1934. We have been looking at married couple's allowance.", + "question": "Will we be eligible for married couple's allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • one of you was born before 6 April 1935
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1025" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/married-couples-allowance", + "scenario": "I am eligible for Married Couple's Allowance. I am considering applying, but would like to know how much I would get.", + "question": "What amount of allowance would I receive?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Married Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.

    ", + "

    Married Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill each year if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.

    ", + "

    For the 2021 to 2022 tax year, it could cut your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1026" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/party-walls-building-works", + "scenario": "Me and my neighbour share a party wall that is crumbling. I want to replace this wall with a new one.", + "question": "Do I need to inform my neighbour about carrying this work out?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell your neighbours if you want to carry out any building work near or on your shared property boundary, or \u2018party wall\u2019, in England and Wales.

    ", + "

    You must tell your neighbour if you want to:

    ", + "
  • build on or at the boundary of your 2 properties
    • ", + "
  • work on an existing party wall or party structure
    • ", + "

    Examples of this type of work include:

    ", + "
  • building a new wall
    • ", + "
  • knocking down and rebuilding a party wall
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1027" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/party-walls-building-works", + "scenario": "I need to notify my neighbours about potential work I am carrying out on the boundary. This would include building a new garage.", + "question": "What length of notice period do I need to give my neighbour before building work starts?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "between 2 months and a year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must give notice to your neighbour between 2 months and a year before you plan to start building works. Include what you plan on doing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1028" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-voluntary-class-3-national-insurance", + "scenario": "I am 35 and have been in steady full time work for ten years now. I pay a high level of tax and NI. For half a dozen years when I was younger, however, I was unemployed and claiming no benefits and so paid no NI during that time.", + "question": "Where do I find out if this will affect my pension?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "check your national insurance record", + [] + ], + [ + "contact the future pension centre", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to pay Class 3 voluntary National Insurance to fill gaps in your contributions record to qualify for benefits like the State Pension.

    ", + "

    Check your National Insurance record to find out:

    ", + "
  • if you have any gaps
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re eligible to pay voluntary contributions
    • ", + "

    Voluntary contributions do not always increase your State Pension. Contact the Future Pension Centre to find out if you\u2019ll benefit from voluntary contributions.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1029" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-voluntary-class-3-national-insurance", + "scenario": "Because I did not make my NI contributions during an unsettled period during my life I have recently made a voluntary repayment to fill in these gaps. I have had no feedback since I made the payment.", + "question": "What happens now and how long does it take to get feedback?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1030" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-personal-possessions", + "scenario": "Hello. I have just sold two old clocks that belonged to my aunt. They were quite valuable and i made a tidy sum.", + "question": "Is this sale liable for Capital Gains Tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) a personal possession for \u00a36,000 or more.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t pay Capital Gains Tax on:

    ", + "
  • anything with a limited lifespan, eg clocks - unless used for business
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1031" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-personal-possessions", + "scenario": "I have a number of antiques in my collection and i think it it time I offloaded some of them. i am worried about CGT.", + "question": "What is the CGT tax free limit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a36,000", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) a personal possession for \u00a36,000 or more.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1032" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals", + "scenario": "The day I was supposed to file my returns to HMRC. I got very disturbing news about the passing of my grandfather . I lost focus and was deeply upset. This made me fail to return my tax bill in time.", + "question": "Can this be a reasonable excuse to appeal ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal against some penalties if you have a reasonable excuse, for example for your return or payment being late.

    ", + "

    A reasonable excuse is something that stopped you meeting a tax obligation that you took reasonable care to meet, for example:

    ", + "
  • your partner or another close relative died shortly before the tax return or payment deadline
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1033" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals", + "scenario": "I am a good rated tax payer . I was diagnosed with neuropathy due to an advanced case of diabetes. I was hospitalized for a long time. I have no accountant in place to make my timely tax returns in my absence. I got penalized by the HMRC.", + "question": "Are these reasonable grounds for appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal against some penalties if you have a reasonable excuse, for example for your return or payment being late.

    ", + "

    A reasonable excuse is something that stopped you meeting a tax obligation that you took reasonable care to meet, for example:

    ", + "
  • you had an unexpected stay in hospital that prevented you from dealing with your tax affairs
    • ", + "
  • you had a serious or life-threatening illness
    • ", + "
  • delays related to a disability you have
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1034" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/party-walls-building-works", + "scenario": "My neighbour and I share a wall between our property. It is damaged and needs repairs. I am planning to tell my neighour on possible plans to repair and give it a new look.", + "question": "Do i need to give him a written notice before building it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell your neighbour if you want to:

    ", + "
  • work on an existing party wall or party structure
    • ", + "

    Examples of this type of work include:

    ", + "
  • knocking down and rebuilding a party wall
    • ", + "

    You must give notice to your neighbour between 2 months and a year before you plan to start building works. Include what you plan on doing.

    ", + "

    You can speak to your neighbour to explain the work you want to carry out, before giving notice in writing.

    ", + "

    Any agreement you reach should be in writing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1035" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/party-walls-building-works", + "scenario": "Mary has made an agreement with her neighbour to repair a garden wall. They both consented. During the repairs , the neighbour has damaged Mary's gate and the garden shed.", + "question": "Should mary ask the neigbour to pay or repair the damages ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When carrying out building works you must:

    ", + "
  • protect your neighbour\u2019s property from damage caused by the works, and fix or pay for any damage that is caused
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1036" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "scenario": "I am in a lot of trouble. The phone never stops ringing. My debts have become un-payable ever since I lost my job when I was diagnosed with depression.", + "question": "I want to sort it out but need some time to get help. What are my options?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "speak to a debt adviser to get help choosing the best way to deal with your debt.", + [] + ], + [ + "get temporary protection from your creditors through the \u2018breathing space\u2019 scheme", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Speak to a debt adviser to get help choosing the best way to deal with your debt.

    ", + "

    You can also get temporary protection from your creditors through the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, while still making repayments. You\u2019ll need to apply through a debt advisor.

    ", + "

    If you live in England or Wales, you can get temporary protection from your creditors while you get debt advice and make a plan. This scheme is called \u2018Breathing Space\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1037" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "scenario": "Due to my own foolishness, my debts have mounted up and are now beyond my control. I need to some help sorting it out.", + "question": "Is it possible to go into some kind of arrangement with my creditors and get them off my back?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "pay your debts in instalments", + [] + ], + [ + "get temporary protection from your creditors through the \u2018breathing space\u2019 scheme", + [] + ], + [ + "apply for a debt relief order or bankruptcy order", + [ + "

    You can apply for a Debt Relief Order or Bankruptcy Order if you cannot pay your debts because you do not have enough money or assets you can sell.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "be made bankrupt", + [ + "

    If you cannot pay off your debts, you can be made bankrupt.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can pay your debts in instalments by setting up:

    ", + "

    You can also get temporary protection from your creditors through the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, while still making repayments. You\u2019ll need to apply through a debt advisor.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Debt Relief Order or Bankruptcy Order if you cannot pay your debts because you do not have enough money or assets you can sell.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay off your debts, you can be made bankrupt.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1038" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "scenario": "My Uncle owns a restaurant and the covid pandemic has affected the business a lot and led to loss of business. He has been left with \u00a320000 unpaid debt.He has no spare income or own home.", + "question": "Can he apply for a debt relief order?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019ve less than \u00a31,000 worth of assets
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived or worked in England and Wales within the last 3 years
    • ", + "
  • you have not applied for a DRO within the last 6 years
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Debt Relief Orders (DROs) are one way to deal with your debts if you owe less than \u00a320,000, do not have much spare income and do not own your home.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re generally eligible if you meet all of these criteria:

    ", + "
  • you owe less than \u00a320,000
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve less than \u00a350 a month spare income
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve less than \u00a31,000 worth of assets
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived or worked in England and Wales within the last 3 years
    • ", + "
  • you have not applied for a DRO within the last 6 years
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1039" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "scenario": "I am a UK business trader and have been running my business at a loss since the covid restrictions were imposed. My business is on the verge of collapsing and I have made most of my employees redundant. Creditors have been making endless calls. I have never applied for any breathing space.", + "question": "Can i apply and get a breathing space?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • not have a debt relief order (DRO), an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA), an interim order, or be an undischarged bankrupt at the time you apply
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you live in England or Wales, you can get temporary protection from your creditors while you get debt advice and make a plan. This scheme is called \u2018Breathing Space\u2019.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • not have a debt relief order (DRO), an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA), an interim order, or be an undischarged bankrupt at the time you apply
    • ", + "
  • not already be using the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme
    • ", + "
  • not have used the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme in the last 12 months, unless it was for a mental health crisis
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1040" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-planning-appeal-costs", + "scenario": "I wish to claim the cost of an appeal I made on planning . The local council officers involved in serving me with an enforcement notice did not turn up in the Appeal hearing . This led to the adjournment of the case and has cost me a lot of expenses and time.", + "question": "When is the deadline i can claim the cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "apply before it closes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The deadline depends on whether your appeal will be decided:

    ", + "
  • at a hearing or inquiry - apply before it closes
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1041" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-planning-appeal-costs", + "scenario": "The local council officer involved in my planning appeal case didn't visit the site and lacked evidence .This has made the enquiry take long and has affected my work and increased expenses.", + "question": "What will i get after i claim if it's successful?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a full award - you can recover all your costs including the cost of claiming", + [] + ], + [ + "a partial award - you can only recover some costs", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll be given either:

    ", + "
  • a full award - you can recover all your costs including the cost of claiming
    • ", + "
  • a partial award - you can only recover some costs
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1042" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting-evictions", + "scenario": "I am a landlord and rent a house to a tenant who has a periodic assured short hold tenancy. I want to sell the house but the tenant does not wish to leave.", + "question": "Can I require the tenant to leave prior to selling the house?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If you have one of these, your landlord must usually give you \u2018notice to quit\u2019 - they must do this in a certain way depending on your type of tenancy agreement and its terms.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    ", + "

    In England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), the notice periods are longer.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have one of these, your landlord must usually give you \u2018notice to quit\u2019 - they must do this in a certain way depending on your type of tenancy agreement and its terms.

    ", + "

    In England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), the notice periods are longer.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.

    ", + "

    If you do not leave at the end of the notice period, your landlord must apply to the court for a possession order. If the court gives them a possession order and you still do not leave, they must apply for a warrant for possession - this means bailiffs can evict you from the property.

    ", + "

    From 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1043" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-voluntary-class-3-national-insurance", + "scenario": "I want to update my Class 3 national insurance as I am eligible to pay voluntary contributions . I already know the amount to pay and would like to make a one off payment.", + "question": "Can i use direct debit payment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can pay monthly via Direct Debit.

    ", + "

    To set up monthly payments, download and send the Direct Debit form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). The address is on the form.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1044" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-voluntary-class-3-national-insurance", + "scenario": "I am a UK citizen and live abroad .I don't want to get national insurance gaps . I want to submit my national insurance through my overseas bank account .", + "question": "Can it be allowed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to pay Class 3 voluntary National Insurance to fill gaps in your contributions record to qualify for benefits like the State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying from abroad, the account you pay into depends on whether you\u2019re using a UK or non-UK account.

    ", + "Account type | Account number (IBAN) | Bank Identifier Code (BIC)", + "Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22" + ], + "id": "train-1045" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance", + "scenario": "I am 16 years old. I am employed, and I am going to be earning \u00a317,000 this year. I have never paid national insurance before.", + "question": "Will I need to pay national insurance this year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay mandatory National Insurance if you\u2019re 16 or over and are either:

    ", + "
  • an employee earning above \u00a3184 a week
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1046" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance", + "scenario": "I am 19 years old. I am self-employed, and expect to make profit of \u00a318,000 in this tax year. I know I will have to pay national insurance.", + "question": "What class of national insurance will I be paying?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "class 2", + [] + ], + [ + "class 4", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "National Insurance class | Who pays", + "Class 2 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a36,515 or more a year. If you\u2019re earning less than this, you can choose to pay voluntary contributions to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record", + "Class 4 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a39,569 or more a year", + "

    You pay Class 2 and Class 4 National Insurance, depending on your profits. Most people pay both through Self Assessment.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1047" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-abroad", + "scenario": "I have been working in Germany since 2013 and I have settled here and have a good job. I am very scared about what BREXIT means for me.", + "question": "Have I lost my right to live and work in the EU since BREXIT?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you were legally living in an EU country before 1 January 2021, your right to work will be protected as long as you carry on living there. This is because you are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re also protected by the Withdrawal Agreement if you started working in one EU country and living in a different EU country or the UK, before 1 January 2021.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have the same rights as nationals of the country you\u2019re working in when it comes to working conditions, pay and social security (for example, benefits).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1048" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-abroad", + "scenario": "My current UK employer has asked me to work in Spain at our offices there. I am very confused over what I need to do.", + "question": "Do I need to pay UK income tax and National Insurance while I'm abroad?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You might still have to pay UK Income Tax, depending on what your \u2018residency status\u2019 will be in the country you\u2019re going to (for example, if you\u2019ll be a temporary or permanent resident).

    ", + "

    You might be able to pay National Insurance while you\u2019re working abroad, depending on where you\u2019re working and how long for.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might still have to pay UK Income Tax, depending on what your \u2018residency status\u2019 will be in the country you\u2019re going to (for example, if you\u2019ll be a temporary or permanent resident).

    ", + "

    You might be able to pay National Insurance while you\u2019re working abroad, depending on where you\u2019re working and how long for.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1049" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-pension", + "scenario": "I have recently retired at the age of 66 and am in possession of both a private and a state pension. I am unclear as to how these things will work together, however. My private pension is based on forty years in the teaching profession.", + "question": "Is there going to be a contradiction between my private pension and my state pension and which one be taxed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "one of your providers to take the tax off your state pension", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay tax if your total annual income adds up to more than your Personal Allowance. Find out about your Personal Allowance and Income Tax rates.

    ", + "

    Your total income could include:

    ", + "
  • the State Pension you get (either the basic State Pension or the new State Pension)
    • ", + "
  • a private pension (workplace or personal) - you can take some of this tax-free
    • ", + "

    You won\u2019t usually pay any tax if your total annual income adds up to less than your Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Your pension provider will take off any tax you owe before they pay you. They\u2019ll also take off any tax you owe on your State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you get payments from more than one provider (for example, from a workplace pension and a personal pension), HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask one of your providers to take the tax off your State Pension.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1050" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-pension", + "scenario": "I am 74 and have a substantial private pension - and the state pension - which I have previously paid a lot of tax on. I have recently been diagnosed with a terminal illness and might have less than a year to live.", + "question": "Does my diagnosis make a difference to the tax I pay on my pension? I would like to leave as much for my children to inherit as possible.", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to take all the money in your pension as a tax-free lump sum, if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 75
    • ", + "
  • you don\u2019t have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings
    • ", + "

    Check with your pension provider. Some pension funds will keep at least 50% of your pension for your spouse or civil partner.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1051" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-abroad", + "scenario": "My brother is a UK citizen. He has completed his masters in Engineering . He now wants to find a job offer and move to France in December 2021.", + "question": "Does he need a job offer in france inorder to apply for a work permit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll need a work permit to work in most EU countries if you\u2019re a UK citizen.

    ", + "

    In most cases, you\u2019ll need a job offer from your chosen country so that you can get a visa to move there.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1052" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-abroad", + "scenario": "I work for a UK company . I am a full time employee and pay national insurance. My employer has requested me to move to Germany in our other office and work from there for 3 years.", + "question": "Can i continue paying my National insurance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You might be able to pay National Insurance while you\u2019re working abroad, depending on where you\u2019re working and how long for.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might be able to pay National Insurance while you\u2019re working abroad, depending on where you\u2019re working and how long for.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible, you can keep paying National Insurance to protect your State Pension and entitlement to other benefits.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1053" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-deposit-protection", + "scenario": "I rented a flat and paid a deposit of \u00a3900 equivalent to the monthly rent . I have no arrears or aware of any damages to the property . I have adhered according to the tenancy agreement.I want to relocate elsewhere.", + "question": "Will i be able to get my deposit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your landlord must put your deposit in a government-approved tenancy deposit scheme (TDP) if you rent your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007. In England and Wales your deposit can be registered with:

    ", + "

    They make sure you\u2019ll get your deposit back if you:

    ", + "
  • meet the terms of your tenancy agreement
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t damage the property
    • ", + "
  • pay your rent and bills
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1054" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-deposit-protection", + "scenario": "I have paid my deposit and a one month rent. The house looks good and well taken care of but I am yet to hear from the landlord.", + "question": "Will I get further information on how the deposit is managed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Once your landlord has received your deposit, they have 30 days to tell you:

    ", + "
  • how much deposit you\u2019ve paid
    • ", + "
  • how the deposit is protected
    • ", + "
  • the name and contact details of the tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme and its dispute resolution service
    • ", + "
  • the name and contact details of any third party that\u2019s paid the deposit
    • ", + "
  • why they would keep some or all of the deposit
    • ", + "
  • how to apply to get the deposit back
    • ", + "
  • what to do if there\u2019s a dispute over the deposit
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1055" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "scenario": "Two friends and I have been squatting in a building for over a year. Now the owner of the building has turned up and told us that we need to leave. We are not doing any harm here", + "question": "Given the length of time we have been in this building, do we have any rights to ownership?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A long-term squatter can become the registered owner of property or land they\u2019ve occupied without the owner\u2019s permission.

    ", + "

    You can apply if you can prove:

    ", + "
  • you, or a succession of squatters, have occupied the property continuously for 10 years (12 years if it\u2019s not registered with HM Land Registry)
    • ", + "
  • you (or your predecessors) acted as owners of the property for the whole of that time
    • ", + "
  • you (or any of your predecessors) did not have the owner\u2019s permission, for example the property was not originally rented to a squatter
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1056" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "scenario": "I have been away from my property for four months to care for my elderly father who is living abroad. I have returned to find a young couple squatting in my property and they are refusing to leave, saying they have a legal right to be there.", + "question": "I want to remove the squatters in my house - how can I legally do so?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "using an interim possession order (ipo) or making a claim for possession", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It\u2019s usually a crime not to leave land or property when you\u2019re instructed to do so by:

    ", + "
  • the owner
    • ", + "

    You can remove squatters using an interim possession order (IPO) or making a claim for possession.

    ", + "

    Do not try to remove the squatters yourself using force or the threat of force - you\u2019re committing a crime if you do.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1057" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-forms-p45-p60-p11d", + "scenario": "I left my job last month.Fortunately I have got a new job offer . I want to show my new employer about my tax payments on my salary.", + "question": "Can my former employer refuse to give me P45?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll get a P45 from your employer when you stop working for them.

    ", + "

    By law your employer must give you a P45 - ask them for one.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1058" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/keeping-your-pay-tax-records", + "scenario": "I am a single person in steady employment. I fill out a self assessment tax return every year and have been doing so for 5 years.", + "question": "Is it necessary to keep records of my tax papaerwork?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to keep records if you have to send HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    HMRC can charge you a penalty if your records are not accurate, complete and readable.

    ", + "

    You must keep records about your business income and costs for longer if you\u2019re self-employed.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1059" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/keeping-your-pay-tax-records", + "scenario": "I am renting out my second home and receive a regular income. It is not much but I know i should declare it.", + "question": "What records am I required to keep regarding my rental income?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the dates when you let out your property", + [] + ], + [ + "allowable expenses you pay to run your property", + [] + ], + [ + "any income from services you give to tenants", + [] + ], + [ + "rent books, receipts, invoices and bank statements", + [] + ], + [ + "all rent you get", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to keep records if you have to send HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) a Self Assessment tax return.

    ", + "

    You should keep details of:

    ", + "
  • the dates when you let out your property
    • ", + "
  • all rent you get
    • ", + "
  • any income from services you give to tenants (for example if you charge for maintenance or repairs)
    • ", + "
  • rent books, receipts, invoices and bank statements
    • ", + "
  • allowable expenses you pay to run your property (for example services you pay for such as cleaning or gardening)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1060" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-self-assessment-tax-bill", + "scenario": "I don't have an accountant. I am a full time worker and it's towards the end of the financial year. I have paying in slips and the paper statements .I would like to pay for self assessment tax bill to the HMRC.", + "question": "Can I pay through the bank by cash?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • still get paper statements from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • at your bank or building society
    • ", + "

    You can only pay at your branch by cash or cheque if you both:

    ", + "
  • still get paper statements from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "
  • have the paying-in slip HMRC sent you
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1061" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-self-assessment-tax-bill", + "scenario": "I paid the self assessment tax bill in the last 4 days online . I would like to know if HMRC has received my payments.", + "question": "How long does it take to update?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 to 6 working days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    View your HM Revenue and Customs online account to check if your payment\u2019s been received - it should show as paid between 3 to 6 working days later.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1062" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-codes", + "scenario": "I started a new job a couple of weeks ago as an employee. I have yet to pay tax. It is my first job as I can now legally work. I only work 17 hours.", + "question": "Will any tax due be sorted out for me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    In most cases, HMRC will automatically update your tax code when your income changes, for example if you start a new job, start getting a pension or receive benefits or work expenses. They\u2019ll usually get this information from your employer.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1063" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-codes", + "scenario": "I have decided to change jobs and have had my working hours reduced to 20 hours a week and I am making less money than my previous job.", + "question": "How do I tell the government that my income has changed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "using the online check your income tax service", + [] + ], + [ + "contacting hmrc", + [] + ], + [ + "hmrc will automatically update your tax code", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    In most cases, HMRC will automatically update your tax code when your income changes, for example if you start a new job, start getting a pension or receive benefits or work expenses. They\u2019ll usually get this information from your employer.

    ", + "

    You can report a change in your income by either:

    ", + "
  • using the online check your Income Tax service
    • ", + "
  • contacting HMRC
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1064" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax", + "scenario": "I am English, and I will be moving to Scotland in December. I will be living and working in Scotland for 4 months of the next tax year.", + "question": "Do I pay income tax in Scotland?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay Scottish Income Tax if you move to Scotland and live there for a longer period than anywhere else in the UK during a tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1065" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax", + "scenario": "I am a Scottish resident who has just started their first job. This job started in March 2021, so I will not pay any tax for the remainder of this tax year. I will be paying tax in 2021 to 2022 on the \u00a325,000 wage.", + "question": "What rate of tax will I be paying in the 2021/22 tax year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "0%", + [ + "Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0%" + ] + ], + [ + "19%", + [ + "Starter rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a314,667 | 19%" + ] + ], + [ + "20%", + [ + "Basic rate | \u00a314,668 to \u00a325,296 | 20%" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Band | Taxable income | Scottish tax rate", + "Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0%", + "Starter rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a314,667 | 19%", + "Basic rate | \u00a314,668 to \u00a325,296 | 20%" + ], + "id": "train-1066" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-property-boundaries", + "scenario": "I possess a formal boundary agreement with my neighbor. I want to move to the city from the countryside. I want to sell my piece of land and I have been approached by a potential buyer . My property is registered and my neighbor has agreed to my decision.", + "question": "How much does it cost to apply for a determined boundary?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a390", + [] + ], + [ + "you\u2019ll also need to pay the surveyor and the solicitor a fee", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The application costs \u00a390. You\u2019ll also need to pay the surveyor and the solicitor a fee.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1067" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax", + "scenario": "I own a small sailing boat that I have had for the past eight years. As it was inherited I do not know it's original value. I wish to sell it on the internet.", + "question": "Will I run into a tax problem because I don't know how much the boat initially cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your asset and what you sold it for.

    ", + "

    There are some situations where you use the market value instead.

    ", + "Situation | Use market value at", + "Inherited assets where you do not know the Inheritance Tax value | Date of death" + ], + "id": "train-1068" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax", + "scenario": "I own a small apartment in Spain that I visit once or twice a year and otherwise rent out. I am considering selling it and feel I could make a considerable profit.", + "question": "Might I have to pay capital gains tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay Capital Gains Tax on the gain when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019):

    ", + "
  • property that\u2019s not your main home
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax even if your asset is overseas.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1069" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-personal-possessions", + "scenario": "I have inherited jewellery and antique watches from my grandmother. I want to sell them and get the money to plan my wedding.", + "question": "Am i supposed to pay capital gain tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Possessions you may need to pay tax on include:

    ", + "
  • jewellery
    • ", + "
  • antiques
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1070" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-personal-possessions", + "scenario": "My Uncle gifted me a new car for my birthday . I have other several cars and would like to sell the gift car and use the money to start up a salon shop.", + "question": "Do i need to pay the capital gain tax from sale of the car?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) a personal possession for \u00a36,000 or more.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t pay Capital Gains Tax on:

    ", + "
  • your car - unless you\u2019ve used it for business
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions with a lifespan of less than 50 years. This covers all machinery, and includes things like antique clocks or watches.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1071" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-2-national-insurance", + "scenario": "I am a UK resident that is self employed. I have been working in Germany for the past year", + "question": "Which account number shall I pay my national insurance bill to?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "30944793", + [ + "UK | 20 20 48 | 30944793" + ] + ], + [ + "gb49barc20204830944793", + [ + "Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not pay through Self Assessment if you\u2019re any of the following:

    ", + "
  • living abroad and paying voluntary Class 2 contributions
    • ", + "
  • working abroad
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re paying from abroad, the account you pay into depends on whether you\u2019re using a UK or non-UK account.

    ", + "Account type | Sort code | Account number", + "UK | 20 20 48 | 30944793", + "Account type | Account number (IBAN) | Bank Identifier Code (BIC)", + "Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22" + ], + "id": "train-1072" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-2-national-insurance", + "scenario": "I am a French national and living in the UK and runs a pub . I want to pay for class 2 national insurance . I want to set up a direct debit to make the payments to HMRC.", + "question": "Can it be use as a payment method?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can pay within 21 working days by Direct Debit if you have not set one up before.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1073" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-relief-for-employees", + "scenario": "I pay for my fuel to visit accountancy clients. I have been reimbursed by my employer for these fuel expenses.", + "question": "Can I claim tax relief for these fuel expenses?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you use your own vehicle or vehicles for work, you may be able to claim tax relief on the approved mileage rate. This covers the cost of owning and running your vehicle. You cannot claim separately for things like:

    ", + "

    You can claim tax relief on the money you\u2019ve spent on fuel and electricity, for business trips in your company car. Keep records to show the actual cost of the fuel.

    ", + "

    If your employer reimburses some of the money, you can claim relief on the difference.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1074" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-relief-for-employees", + "scenario": "I have been working from home. I have not been reimbursed by my employer for the electricity and internet I have used.", + "question": "What amount of money could I get as tax relief?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a36 a week from 6 april 2020", + [] + ], + [ + "the exact amount of extra costs you\u2019ve incurred above the weekly amount", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can either claim tax relief on:

    ", + "
  • \u00a36 a week from 6 April 2020 (for previous tax years the rate is \u00a34 a week) - you will not need to keep evidence of your extra costs
    • ", + "
  • the exact amount of extra costs you\u2019ve incurred above the weekly amount - you\u2019ll need evidence such as receipts, bills or contracts
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1075" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-national-insurance-after-state-pension-age", + "scenario": "I was born on the 19th January 1934. I am separated and pay maintenance payments to my wife. I am looking at applying for the maintenance payment relief.", + "question": "Would I be eligible for this relief?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You cannot claim a tax reduction for any voluntary payments you make.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get an allowance to reduce your tax bill for maintenance payments you make to an ex-spouse or civil partner if:

    ", + "
  • you or they were born before 6 April 1935
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re separated or divorced and you\u2019re making payments under a court order
    • ", + "
  • the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-partner (as long as they have not re-married or formed a new civil partnership) or your children are under 21
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim a tax reduction for any voluntary payments you make.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1076" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-national-insurance-after-state-pension-age", + "scenario": "I am self employed. It is the 23rd January 2021 today, and I have just reached state pension age. I know I do not need to pay class 4 national insurance anymore.", + "question": "Can I stop my national insurance payments now?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not pay National Insurance after you reach State Pension age - unless you\u2019re self-employed and pay Class 4 contributions. You stop paying Class 4 contributions at the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re self-employed, you pay Class 2 contributions at a flat weekly rate and Class 4 contributions annually as a percentage of your taxable profits.

    ", + "

    You stop paying Class 1 and Class 2 contributions when you reach State Pension age - even if you\u2019re still working.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll continue paying Class 4 contributions until the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1077" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "scenario": "I decided to start freelancing and working for myself and made freelancing my main job, taxes are not automatically deducted from my income.", + "question": "How do I pay taxes on my income?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "deducted automatically from wages, pensions and savings", + [] + ], + [ + "send a tax return", + [ + "
  • self-employed as a \u2018sole trader\u2019 and earned more than \u00a31,000 (before taking off anything you can claim tax relief on)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tax is usually deducted automatically from wages, pensions and savings. People and businesses with other income must report it in a tax return.

    ", + "

    You must send a tax return if, in the last tax year (6 April to 5 April), you were:

    ", + "
  • self-employed as a \u2018sole trader\u2019 and earned more than \u00a31,000 (before taking off anything you can claim tax relief on)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1078" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "scenario": "I have started investing my income into a business i started in my free time, I still work at another job but also have income coming from my business.", + "question": "how do I pay taxes for my business income.", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "send a tax return", + [ + "
  • self-employed as a \u2018sole trader\u2019 and earned more than \u00a31,000 (before taking off anything you can claim tax relief on)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tax is usually deducted automatically from wages, pensions and savings. People and businesses with other income must report it in a tax return.

    ", + "

    You must send a tax return if, in the last tax year (6 April to 5 April), you were:

    ", + "
  • self-employed as a \u2018sole trader\u2019 and earned more than \u00a31,000 (before taking off anything you can claim tax relief on)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1079" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-your-private-pension", + "scenario": "I pay a net annual contribution of \u00a33,000 to my personal pension plan and my husband pays a further net annual contribution of \u00a31000 into my plan. My annual income is \u00a3120,000 and classified as a high rated taxpayer.", + "question": "Can i claim tax relief ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your private pension contributions are tax-free up to certain limits.

    ", + "

    You usually pay tax if savings in your pension pots go above:

    ", + "
  • \u00a340,000 a year - check your \u2018annual allowance\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can get tax relief on private pension contributions worth up to 100% of your annual earnings.

    ", + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief on pension contributions if:

    ", + "
  • you pay Income Tax at a rate above 20% and your pension provider claims the first 20% for you (relief at source)
    • ", + "

    You can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:

    ", + "
  • 20% up to the amount of any income you have paid 40% tax on
    • ", + "
  • 25% up to the amount of any income you have paid 45% tax on
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1080" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-your-private-pension", + "scenario": "I have paid personal pension contributions but I am intending to use it to pay for personal term assurance policy which is not protected .", + "question": "Can i claim tax relief?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get tax relief on private pension contributions worth up to 100% of your annual earnings.

    ", + "

    You cannot get tax relief if you use your pension contributions to pay a personal term assurance policy, unless it\u2019s a protected policy.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1081" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-flat-rate-scheme", + "scenario": "Mary runs a computer repair service. Her business is VAT registered . Despite the covid pandemic she managed to earn \u00a3100000 turnover last financial year and expects to earn \u00a3130000 taxable income this coming year.", + "question": "Can she be eligible for the VAT flat rate scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion
    • ", + "
  • you joined (or were eligible to join) a VAT group in the last 24 months
    • ", + "
  • you registered for VAT as a business division in the last 24 months
    • ", + "
  • your business is closely associated with another business
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve joined a margin or capital goods VAT scheme
    • ", + "
  • you left the scheme in the last 12 months
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To join the scheme your VAT turnover must be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT), and you must apply to HMRC.

    ", + "

    You can join the Flat Rate Scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a VAT-registered business
    • ", + "
  • you expect your VAT taxable turnover to be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT) in the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    You cannot use the scheme if:

    ", + "
  • you left the scheme in the last 12 months
    • ", + "
  • you committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion
    • ", + "
  • you joined (or were eligible to join) a VAT group in the last 24 months
    • ", + "
  • you registered for VAT as a business division in the last 24 months
    • ", + "
  • your business is closely associated with another business
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve joined a margin or capital goods VAT scheme
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1082" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-flat-rate-scheme", + "scenario": "Dina runs an advertising company in London. It is VAT registered.Her business is eligible for the VAT Flat rate scheme. According to the type of her business in the HMRC website.", + "question": "Is 11% the current VAT flat rate percentage?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Type of business | Current VAT flat rate (%)", + "Advertising | 11" + ], + "id": "train-1083" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-property-boundaries", + "scenario": "I have looked at the title plan for my property in England. I have found that the boundary line is wrong, and cuts off part of my land.", + "question": "Can I have this changed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Write to HM Land Registry (HMLR) if you think there\u2019s a boundary mistake on a property\u2019s title plan.

    ", + "

    If HMLR finds that there\u2019s a mistake, they\u2019ll tell you how to correct it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1084" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-property-boundaries", + "scenario": "I want to sell some land to by neighbour. The land is situated in England. I would like to change the boundaries to match the sale.", + "question": "Am I able to change the boundaries to take into account this sale of land?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can\u2019t use a boundary agreement to sell or give away part of your land to your neighbour.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1085" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-visa-sponsorship-employers", + "scenario": "I am a UK employer and run a company with over 50 employees. I want to employ employees from outside the UK.", + "question": "Do i need to apply for a sponser licence?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • Irish citizens
    • ", + "
  • those with settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • those with indefinite leave to remain in the UK
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually need a sponsor licence to employ someone to work for you from outside the UK. This includes citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland who arrived in the UK after 31 December 2020.

    ", + "

    You will not need a licence to sponsor certain groups, for example:

    ", + "
  • Irish citizens
    • ", + "
  • those with settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • those with indefinite leave to remain in the UK
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1086" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-visa-sponsorship-employers", + "scenario": "We run a small UK company and wish to employ from outside the UK. We would like to sponsor a worker for more than 5 years . We would like to pay an immigration skill surcharge.", + "question": "How much does it cost for one employee?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3364", + [ + "First 12 months | \u00a3364 | \u00a31,000" + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a3182", + [ + "Each additional 6 months | \u00a3182 | \u00a3500" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The amount you need to pay is based on:

    ", + "
  • the size of your organisation
    • ", + "
  • how long the worker will work for you, using the start and end dates on their sponsorship certificate
    • ", + "Period | Small or charitable sponsors | Medium or large sponsors", + "First 12 months | \u00a3364 | \u00a31,000", + "Each additional 6 months | \u00a3182 | \u00a3500" + ], + "id": "train-1087" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ancestry-visa", + "scenario": "Mark's grandparents live in the UK . He has been living with his single mother in South Africa who has died. He has no family except his grandparents in the UK.He wants to apply for an ancestry visa to work in the UK.", + "question": "How much does it cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3516", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A UK Ancestry visa costs \u00a3516.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1088" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ancestry-visa", + "scenario": "Marcus is in the UK under Ancestry Visa . He wants to live permanently in the UK because he has already established his business. He has already stayed for 4 years in the UK.", + "question": "Can he extend his visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to extend your visa and stay in the UK for a further 5 years. You must apply before your current visa expires.

    ", + "

    You can extend this visa as many times as you like, as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1089" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-charity-worker-visa", + "scenario": "Mary is a Tanzanian national and has secured unpaid voluntary charity work in the UK. The employer has given her a certificate of sponsorship code. The employer has committed to take care of her accommodation while working in the charity. Her bank statement shows a balance of \u00a32,000 for two months.", + "question": "can she qualify for temporary work visa ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To be eligible for a Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) you need:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    Your certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1090" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-charity-worker-visa", + "scenario": "Lucy is a Jamaican National .She wishes to apply for unpaid voluntary charity work in the UK. Before she applies for a temporary work visa, she wants to know all the necessary supporting documents required. She has a negative TB test.", + "question": "What documents are needed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your certificate of sponsorship reference number", + [] + ], + [ + "a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality", + [] + ], + [ + "evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the uk", + [] + ], + [ + "your tuberculosis (tb) test results", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1091" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/representative-overseas-business", + "scenario": "Lucas works full time in one of the leading TV broadcasting networks in his country,South Africa. His employer has sent him to work in one of the UK media offices. He needs to apply for a 3 years representative of an overseas business visa .He is a married man.", + "question": "If lucas gets a positive visa decision , Will he have a recourse to public funds?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • get public funds
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1092" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/representative-overseas-business", + "scenario": "My friend John is from Indonesia.He has been in the UK for 5 years working for his employer's New's Agency company whose headquarter is in Indonesia. He is under a Representative of an Overseas Business visa. The work is still ongoing.", + "question": "Can he apply to settle for long term the UK.", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to settle once you have been in the UK for 5 years and you have an ongoing job with the same company.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1093" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa", + "scenario": "My Uncle is a university professor and a big advocate against female genital mutilation and early marriages . He advocates for girl child education especially in poor communities in South Africa. He has got an 4 day invitation to give a talk during the International Day of Girl Child in the UK.", + "question": "Can he apply for a permitted paid engagement visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re visiting the UK for no more than 1 month
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit
    • ", + "
  • you will not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to support yourself during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to visit the UK for a paid engagement if you\u2019ve been invited as an expert in your profession.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa if you:

    ", + "
  • are invited by a UK-based organisation or client
    • ", + "
  • want to come to the UK to do specific paid work without having to be sponsored under the points-based visa system
    • ", + "
  • meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You can be invited by a UK-based organisation or client to:

    ", + "
  • give lectures at a higher education institution, as long as it\u2019s not a part-time or full-time role
    • ", + "
  • provide advocacy in a particular area of law
    • ", + "

    You must show that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re visiting the UK for no more than 1 month
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been formally invited and paid by a UK-based organisation to attend an event or other permitted engagement
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit
    • ", + "
  • you will not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to support yourself during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)
    • ", + "
  • you have proof of any business or other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1094" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa", + "scenario": "I am a Chinese National. As i was in the process of applying for a Permitted paid engagement visa online. Immediately after submission I got an email that the UK conference has been cancelled due to one of the event organizer has tested positive of covid 19", + "question": "Can i cancel the application and get a refund?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1095" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/international-agreement-worker-visa", + "scenario": "My single friend wants to apply for an international agreements work visa. He has been posted to work in the Indian Embassy. He has compiled several evidence documents .", + "question": "What documents are needed other than his passport?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your certificate of sponsorship reference number", + [] + ], + [ + "evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the uk", + [] + ], + [ + "your tuberculosis test results", + [ + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a valid atas certificate", + [ + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1096" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/international-agreement-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I am in the UK under an International agreement work visa. I am an independent professional working under a business contract and has been extended. I would like to extend my visa to stay in the UK for more 2 years .", + "question": "Can i bring my family here?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.

    ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1097" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seasonal-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I am a Latvian citizen and I have successfully applied and received a positive seasonal worker visa decision.I don't want to break the law while in the UK . I would like to know what I can do and what I can't do while under my visa.", + "question": "What can't I do under this visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "take a permanent job", + [] + ], + [ + "work in a second job or a job that isn\u2019t described in your certificate of sponsorship", + [] + ], + [ + "get public funds", + [] + ], + [ + "bring family members with you", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • take a permanent job
    • ", + "
  • work in a second job or a job that isn\u2019t described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • ", + "
  • bring family members with you
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1098" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seasonal-worker-visa", + "scenario": "My friend is from Malta. He is a qualified veterinary officer and an animal care specialist. He would like to come to UK and work for 1 years. He also wants to have first hand experience in livestock keeping. He is financially able.", + "question": "Must he have a UK certificate of sponsorship before he applies?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a Seasonal Worker visa (T5) if you want to come to the UK for up to 6 months to do farm work. You\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • have a sponsor
    • ", + "

    You must be 18 or over when you apply and have both of the following:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor
    • ", + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your sponsor will give you this
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1099" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-domestic-worker-visa", + "scenario": "Lucy is an experienced nanny from the Philippines. She has been working for a British couple for the last 2 years ,they too reside in the Philippines . They want Lucy to accompany them to the UK for a short visit.", + "question": "Can lucy apply for an Overseas Domestic worker Visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • plan to leave the UK at the end of 6 months
    • ", + "
  • are able to support yourself in the UK without the need for public funds
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a visa to visit the UK with your employer if you:

    ", + "
  • live outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • are a domestic worker in a private household
    • ", + "
  • have worked for your employer for at least one year
    • ", + "
  • meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    Domestic workers include:

    ", + "
  • nannies
    • ", + "

    You must prove that you:

    ", + "
  • are 19 or older
    • ", + "
  • have worked for your employer for at least 1 year
    • ", + "
  • work in the same household as your employer or one they use regularly
    • ", + "
  • plan to travel to the UK with your employer, their partner or children
    • ", + "
  • intend to work as a full-time domestic worker in a UK household your employer will live in
    • ", + "
  • plan to leave the UK at the end of 6 months
    • ", + "
  • are able to support yourself in the UK without the need for public funds
    • ", + "

    Your employer must be either a:

    ", + "
  • British citizen who usually lives outside the UK and who does not intend to remain in the UK for more than 6 months
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1100" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-domestic-worker-visa", + "scenario": "Maria has been working for her Indian employer for the last 3 years. Her employer requested her to accompany her for a summer holiday to the UK so that she can look after the children. She is currently in the UK but she has some concerns about her employment rights.", + "question": "What are her employment rights whilst in the UK?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "pay you an agreed rate, which must be at least the national minimum wage", + [] + ], + [ + "not force you to work excessive hours", + [] + ], + [ + "give you agreed holiday pay", + [] + ], + [ + "give you the notice you\u2019re entitled to if your employment ends", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you work in the UK your employer must:

    ", + "
  • pay you an agreed rate, which must be at least the national minimum wage
    • ", + "
  • not force you to work excessive hours
    • ", + "
  • give you agreed holiday pay
    • ", + "
  • give you the notice you\u2019re entitled to if your employment ends
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1101" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-business-person", + "scenario": "My friend Ramon is in the UK under a Turkish businessperson visa.He operates a viable barbershop business. He has not broken any immigration laws, he has enough money to support himself and his family.He wants more time in the UK to continue running his business.", + "question": "Can he apply to extend his visa ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re still able to pay your share of the costs of running the business (its liabilities)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to extend your Turkish Businessperson visa if you already have permission to stay in the UK as a Turkish Businessperson.

    ", + "

    You must meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    To be eligible to apply for an extension of your Turkish Businessperson visa you need to:

    ", + "
  • have a valid Turkish Businessperson visa
    • ", + "
  • show you have not broken any immigration laws
    • ", + "
  • keep running a viable business
    • ", + "
  • keep being able to pay your share of the costs of running the business
    • ", + "
  • show that your share of the profits continue to be enough to support you and your family without your needing to have another job
    • ", + "

    You can usually apply to extend a Turkish Businessperson visa if you\u2019re in the UK and all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • your business is still going
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re still able to pay your share of the costs of running the business (its liabilities)
    • ", + "
  • your share of the profits will be enough to support you and your dependants without you needing to have another job
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1102" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-business-person", + "scenario": "My friend is a Turkish national and has made a lot of investments in turkey. He is very diverse and plans to apply for a Turkish businessperson visa in order to get a chance to invest in the UK .", + "question": "Are these kinds of visas available?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to extend your Turkish Businessperson visa if you already have permission to stay in the UK as a Turkish Businessperson.

    ", + "

    New applications for the Turkish Businessperson visa have closed. Only children under 21 (\u2018child dependants\u2019) can apply to join you in the UK on this visa.

    ", + "

    You can only extend your visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\nYou\u2019ll need to meet the eligibility requirements to extend your visa.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1103" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/youth-mobility", + "scenario": "My friend James is 27 years old from New Zealand . He wishes to apply for a Youth mobility scheme visa to come to the UK and establish a business. He wants to be self-employed.", + "question": "Is he elligible ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You must have at least \u00a32,530 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • children under the age of 18 who live with you
    • ", + "
  • children you\u2019re financially responsible for
    • ", + "
  • already been in the UK under the scheme
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you\u2019re aged 18 to 30 and you\u2019re from:

    ", + "
  • New Zealand
    • ", + "

    You must also be aged 18 to 30 on the date you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    You cannot apply if you have:

    ", + "
  • children under the age of 18 who live with you
    • ", + "
  • children you\u2019re financially responsible for
    • ", + "
  • already been in the UK under the scheme
    • ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a32,530 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1104" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/youth-mobility", + "scenario": "Chloe is a Canadian national. She is in the UK under a youth and mobility visa. She is now 8 months pregnant. His boyfriend is a British national", + "question": "Will the baby be a British citizen?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1105" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/start-up-visa", + "scenario": "My friend Myra is from Guyana .She wishes to apply for a start up visa . She has very innovative Engineering skills and would like to implement them in the UK vehicle sector.Her Masters In Engineering was taught in English.", + "question": "Does she need to prove her level of English during visa application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.

    ", + "

    You must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to a level B2 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.

    ", + "

    You can prove your knowledge of English by:

    ", + "
  • having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply for confirmation through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD
    • ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • Guyana
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1106" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/start-up-visa", + "scenario": "Patel is an Indian national and would like to apply for a start up visa from his country. He has all the needed supporting documents and fees. He wishes to get a quick decision after applications.", + "question": "How long does it take to get a decison after applying from abroad?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:

    ", + "
  • 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1107" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minister-of-religion-visa", + "scenario": "My friend Mathew is a church minister from Canada. He wishes to come to the UK under Minister of Religion visa and take a pastoral duty for 3 years to a UK based church. Before applying he wants to know if there is a checklist on the required documents.", + "question": "Is there information on what documents to have?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your certificate of sponsorship reference number", + [] + ], + [ + "proof of your knowledge of english", + [] + ], + [ + "evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the uk", + [] + ], + [ + "a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality", + [] + ], + [ + "expired passports or travel documents", + [ + "
  • expired passports or travel documents if you need them to show your travel history
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number (your employer will give you this)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality - you need a blank page in your passport for your visa
    • ", + "
  • expired passports or travel documents if you need them to show your travel history
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1108" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minister-of-religion-visa", + "scenario": "My friend is in the UK under a Minister of Religion visa . His visa is nearing the end and would like to renew it.He wishes to renew it so that he can continue working on the faith charity.", + "question": "How long can he stay if he renews?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 3 years, or the time given in your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, or the time required to take your total stay in the uk to a maximum of 6 years, whichever time is shorter", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can come to the UK with a Minister of Religion visa (T2) for a maximum of up to 3 years and 1 month, or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    You can apply to extend your stay.

    ", + "

    You may be able to apply to extend your stay in the UK under a Minister of Religion visa (T2).

    ", + "

    You can extend a Minister of Religion visa (T2) for up to 3 years, or the time given in your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, or the time required to take your total stay in the UK to a maximum of 6 years, whichever time is shorter.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1109" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "scenario": "I am from abroad . I came to the UK under a parent child student visa. Due to the covid pandemic, life has become very hard. My child is 7 years old and needs good care.", + "question": "Can I be allowed to work?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    While you\u2019re in the UK on a Parent of a Child Student visa, you cannot:

    ", + "
  • do paid work
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1110" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "scenario": "My partner and I live abroad.We are planning to take our daughter to an independent school in the UK when she turns 5. We admire the UK National curriculum.", + "question": "Can i bring other young daughter through this visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can bring your other children with you if they also have or are applying for a Child Student visa.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can bring your other children with you if they also have or are applying for a Child Student visa.

    ", + "

    You cannot bring other family members with you on this visa. They may be able to apply to come to the UK on a short-term visit visa.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1111" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government-authorised-exchange", + "scenario": "I am an overseas Engineering student and I would like to undertake a short work experience opportunities in Engineering companies in the UK . I am under the umbrella of Twin Training International. I want to apply for a Government Authorized exchange Visa.", + "question": "Can i stay for a year with this Visa in the UK?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 12 or 24 months (depending on the scheme you\u2019re applying for) or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 12 or 24 months (depending on the scheme you\u2019re applying for) or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1112" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government-authorised-exchange", + "scenario": "I am an overseas medical researcher under a Government Authorized Exchange Program. I have won a research award. I would like to continue with my research work.", + "question": "Can i switch my visa to Global Talent visa within the UK?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Global Talent visa if you\u2019re in the government authorised exchange scheme for sponsored researchers
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1113" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tier-1-entrepreneur", + "scenario": "I am a business director running a shoe company in the UK.I am currently under an entrepreneur visa. I have created job opportunities for 5 employees and a running capital of over \u00a3200,000 in the bank account. I would like to extend my visa .", + "question": "Do i qualify?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • registered as a director or as self-employed no more than 6 months after the date you were given permission to stay in the UK under a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa
    • ", + "
  • can prove you\u2019ve been self-employed, a member of a partnership or working as a director of a business 3 months before you apply
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can still apply:

    ", + "
  • to extend your visa
    • ", + "

    You can apply to extend your visa if you:

    ", + "
  • registered as a director or as self-employed no more than 6 months after the date you were given permission to stay in the UK under a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa
    • ", + "
  • can prove you\u2019ve been self-employed, a member of a partnership or working as a director of a business 3 months before you apply
    • ", + "
  • created at least 2 full time jobs that have existed for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • can continue to support yourself
    • ", + "

    You must have invested into 1 or more UK businesses either:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3200,000 in cash
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1114" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tier-1-entrepreneur", + "scenario": "I am a business oriented person and I have compiled all the necessary documents to switch from graduate Entrepreneur visa to an Entrepreneur visa . I have a bank account of over \u00a3150,000 to start up my business.", + "question": "How much does it cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a31,277", + [] + ], + [ + "\u00a319.20", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. You\u2019ll pay as part of your application.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. You\u2019ll pay as part of your application.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a31,277 to switch to this visa.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1115" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/religious-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I have received my religious worker Visa to work in a hospice Center in the UK. I am from Ghana. I would like to take some holidays within the year and visit my aging parents in Ghana.", + "question": "Can that be allowed or can i extend it ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Your sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1116" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/religious-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I would like to apply for a Religious worker visa to work in a charity in the UK. I have a family and my children are at school age.", + "question": "Can i apply together with my family?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    Your partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1117" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa", + "scenario": "Mark is a musician from Brazil . He had visited the UK to perform several music concerts under a creative and sporting visa concession. His time on his concession is about to expire and he has still more work to do.", + "question": "Can he extend his stay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).

    ", + "

    You cannot extend your stay if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1118" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa", + "scenario": "Lisa is an elite pianist from China. Has been invited by her sponsor melody Orchestra to perform in England for musical concerts and have hands on job training.", + "question": "Can she apply for creative and sports visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You need a licensed sponsor to give you a certificate of sponsorship before you can apply to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "
  • make a unique contribution to the UK labour market, for example you\u2019re internationally renowned or are required for continuity
    • ", + "
  • be paid the minimum salary as set by Equity, PACT or BECTU (except for models, musicians or circuses)
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must apply for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been offered work in the UK as a sports person or creative worker
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    A creative worker is someone who works in the creative industry, for example an actor, dancer, musician or film crew member.

    ", + "

    You need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need all of the following:

    ", + "
  • a certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    You need all of the following to be eligible for the creative category:

    ", + "
  • make a unique contribution to the UK labour market, for example you\u2019re internationally renowned or are required for continuity
    • ", + "
  • certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • be paid the minimum salary as set by Equity, PACT or BECTU (except for models, musicians or circuses)
    • ", + "

    You need a licensed sponsor to give you a certificate of sponsorship before you can apply to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1119" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dormant-company", + "scenario": "My friend Andrew is a self employed HGV driver. During the covid pandemic he was not working and hence made no income returns to HMRC. He had registered his company with the VAT.", + "question": "How many days does he have to deregister VAT ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "30 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you do not intend to trade again you must deregister for VAT within 30 days of your company becoming dormant.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1120" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dormant-company", + "scenario": "I am self-employed and own a car hire company. I did not make any profits and decided to stop trading. According to the company house my company is dormant.", + "question": "What should i do when my company qualifies as small as per the company house?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "file \u2018dormant accounts\u2019 instead", + [] + ], + [ + "don\u2019t have to include an auditor\u2019s report with your accounts", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    But if your company is dormant according to Companies House and also qualifies as \u2018small\u2019 you:

    ", + "
  • can file \u2018dormant accounts\u2019 instead
    • ", + "
  • don\u2019t have to include an auditor\u2019s report with your accounts
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1121" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-child-benefit-behalf-someone-else", + "scenario": "My best friend has agoraphobia and is not able to get out in order to claim child benefit for her two sons. I have said that I am prepared to claim on her behalf.", + "question": "As I am not a relative, can I claim child benefit for my friend's kids?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for the right to deal with the Child Benefit of someone who can\u2019t manage their own affairs, for example because they\u2019re mentally incapable or severely disabled.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1122" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-child-benefit-behalf-someone-else", + "scenario": "My fifteen year old daughter is eight months pregnant with her first child. Whilst this is not idea, we are fully supportive of her. She is not good at dealing with paperwork, however.", + "question": "Can I claim child benefit on behalf of my underage daughter?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim Child Benefit for a child you\u2019re responsible for and their baby.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1123" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-birth", + "scenario": "we have recently gotten our first born child. we would like to get financial help in raising the child since we are tight financially.", + "question": "can i register to receive child benefits ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Once you\u2019ve registered the birth, you may be able to claim:

    ", + "
  • Child Benefit
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1124" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-birth", + "scenario": "i am a nurse that works in the maternity ward at a city hospital. we delivered a child from a single mother who unfortunately lost her life after the delivery.", + "question": "can a person who is not a parent register a birth ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If the parents cannot register the birth (for example, for medical reasons), certain other people can do it:

    ", + "
  • a member of the administrative staff at the hospital where the child was born
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1125" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-decisions-for-someone", + "scenario": "My sister and her husband are in the process of selling their house and have just learned that they have to go abroad for work for the next six months. They have asked me to handle the sale of their house", + "question": "Am I able to sell my sister's house for her whilst she is away?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Someone can choose you to make and carry out certain decisions on their behalf.

    ", + "

    They can ask you to do this:

    ", + "
  • now - for example, while they\u2019re on holiday
    • ", + "

    You can be appointed to make decisions about someone\u2019s money or property for a limited time - for example, while they\u2019re on holiday.

    ", + "

    They can appoint you with either:

    ", + "
  • an \u2018ordinary power of attorney\u2019 - you can only use this while they have mental capacity
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1126" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dormant-company", + "scenario": "I operate a small business in the computer hardware sector. After a rough year for me and my family I had to stop trading and doing business for a while. I received notice from HMRC telling me that they will be treating my company as dormant. I am VAT registered and I do plan on resuming my business in a month or two.", + "question": "Do I have to deregister for VAT?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    However, if you plan to restart trading, you must send \u2018nil\u2019 (empty) VAT returns while your company is dormant.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your company or association may be \u2018dormant\u2019 if it\u2019s not doing business (\u2018trading\u2019) and doesn\u2019t have any other income, for example investments.

    ", + "

    If you do not intend to trade again you must deregister for VAT within 30 days of your company becoming dormant.

    ", + "

    However, if you plan to restart trading, you must send \u2018nil\u2019 (empty) VAT returns while your company is dormant.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1127" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dormant-company", + "scenario": "My company has not been trading or doing business for a little over 3 months now. We do plan to eventually resume trading but are mostly relying on our investments at the time as we figure out personal issues.", + "question": "Does my company count as dormant for Corporation Tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your company is usually dormant for Corporation Tax if it:

    ", + "
  • has stopped trading and has no other income, for example investments
    • ", + "

    Trading includes buying, selling, renting property, advertising, employing someone or getting interest. HMRC has detailed guidance on what counts as dormant for Corporation Tax.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1128" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/water-and-sewerage-rates-for-businesses", + "scenario": "I want to open a restaurant in England . I want to know how water bills are charged so that I can make decisions.", + "question": "How is water bill charged in England?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "for the water you use, plus a set charge", + [ + "
  • for the water you use, plus a set charge (if you\u2019ve got a meter)
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a set amount, usually based on the value of your property", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll be charged either:

    ", + "
  • for the water you use, plus a set charge (if you\u2019ve got a meter)
    • ", + "
  • a set amount, usually based on the value of your property
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1129" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/water-and-sewerage-rates-for-businesses", + "scenario": "I run a pub business inside London and I would like to choose a new water supplier. I would also like to know if I qualify for a large user tariff.", + "question": "Where can I find a new water provider?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "with ofwat", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to choose your water and sewerage service provider depending on where your business is.

    ", + "

    In England and Wales you can check with Ofwat whether you can choose your own supplier.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1130" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-filing-software", + "scenario": "My business is VAT registered and I usually do own company tax returns. I would like a software which make my work easier filing returns.", + "question": "How can i file my returns online?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get a software package from a companies house (and hmrc) authorised provider", + [] + ], + [ + "develop your own software", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can then either:

    ", + "
  • get a software package from a Companies House (and HMRC) authorised provider
    • ", + "
  • develop your own software - request a copy of the Companies House technical specifications by emailing xml@companieshouse.gov.uk
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1131" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-filing-software", + "scenario": "I am a VAT registered business director and I would like the best software which has all the features especially in filing annual accounts, tax account and returns.", + "question": "Is there a list of softwares i can select from?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The following is a list of software and the kinds of accounts you can use it for.

    ", + "Supplier | Product | Dormant | Micro Entity | Abridged | Small | Full" + ], + "id": "train-1132" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-child-benefit-behalf-someone-else", + "scenario": "I want to help my niece. She is mentally disabled and has a young child. I would like to be her appointee and claim child benefit on her behalf.", + "question": "What will be my responsibilities if i became her appointee?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "complete the claim form", + [] + ], + [ + "deal with any letters from the child benefit office", + [] + ], + [ + "report any changes that affect child benefit", + [] + ], + [ + "stop or restart payments where the person or their partner is affected by the high income child benefit charge", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As an appointee, you must do things like:

    ", + "
  • complete the claim form
    • ", + "
  • deal with any letters from the Child Benefit Office
    • ", + "
  • report any changes that affect Child Benefit
    • ", + "
  • stop or restart payments where the person or their partner is affected by the High Income Child Benefit Charge
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1133" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-child-benefit-behalf-someone-else", + "scenario": "I want to use paid agents and authorize them to claim benefits on behalf of my grandchild and deal with high income tax charge.", + "question": "Which form should i fill to authorise?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "form tc689", + [] + ], + [ + "form ch995", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The process is different if you act for a lot of clients or you\u2019re a paid agent.

    ", + "

    The claimant must fill in form TC689, or write a letter with the same information, and send it to the Tax Credit Office - the address is on the form.

    ", + "

    To authorise you to deal with High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge matters they also need to fill in form CH995.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1134" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-business-partnership", + "scenario": "my cousin and i love skateboards and are eager skateboarders. we would like to set up a business dealing in skateboards and items related to the skateboard culture.", + "question": "how do we set up a business partnership ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "choose a name", + [] + ], + [ + "choose a \u2018nominated partner\u2019", + [] + ], + [ + "register with hm revenue and customs (hmrc)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you set up a business partnership you need to:

    ", + "
  • choose a name
    • ", + "
  • choose a \u2018nominated partner\u2019
    • ", + "
  • register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1135" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-business-partnership", + "scenario": "we run a successful hair clip business along with my wife. we have been steadily growing and have recently reached an annual turnover of around \u00a380,000.", + "question": "do we have to register our business partnership for VAT ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must also register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000. You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1136" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-businesses", + "scenario": "I have a small business that I am looking to wind down in the run up to my retirement. I have a number of assets i wish to dispose of.", + "question": "What type of asset i might need to pay Capital Gains Tax on?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "land and buildings", + [] + ], + [ + "fixtures and fittings", + [] + ], + [ + "plant and machinery, for example a digger", + [] + ], + [ + "shares", + [] + ], + [ + "registered trademarks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Business assets you may need to pay tax on include:

    ", + "
  • land and buildings
    • ", + "
  • fixtures and fittings
    • ", + "
  • plant and machinery, for example a digger
    • ", + "
  • shares
    • ", + "
  • registered trademarks
    • ", + "
  • your business\u2019s reputation
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1137" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-businesses", + "scenario": "I am selling off two fields that I no longer need for my farming business. I understand that that I may be able to offset some of the costs against CGT.", + "question": "Can I offset stamp duty, improvement, costs of advertising and the salary of my employees?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your asset from your gain.

    ", + "

    Costs you can deduct include:

    ", + "
  • fees, for example for valuing or advertising assets
    • ", + "
  • costs to improve assets (but not normal repairs)
    • ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Land Tax and VAT (unless you can reclaim the VAT)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1138" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-file-annual-accounts-for-limited-company", + "scenario": "previously, we had been able to manage our paperwork including filing our returns without issue. as the company has grown this process has become more and more tedious", + "question": "can we employ a third party to file our returns ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • give your accountant or tax adviser your Companies House authentication code so they can file your accounts
    • ", + "
  • appoint an agent to file your Company Tax Return
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1139" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-file-annual-accounts-for-limited-company", + "scenario": "we had a scare in our company. our systems were hijacked and we were locked out of them and our backups were also affected by the hijack. as a result we will be late in filing our returns.", + "question": "can we have our filing deadline extended ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to extend your accounts filing deadline with Companies House if you cannot send your accounts because of an event outside your control - for example, if a fire destroyed company records before your filing deadline.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1140" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/making-child-maintenance-arrangement", + "scenario": "i separated from my partner because they were abusive towards my and our children. we have now separated and i have guardianship of the children but i do not wish to interact with them any more.", + "question": "how much does it cost to apply to the child maintanance service ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you will not have to pay", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You will not have to pay this if you:

    ", + "
  • have experienced domestic abuse
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1141" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/making-child-maintenance-arrangement", + "scenario": "we have three children with my partner but have decided to go our separate ways since the relationship was not working.we have come to an agreement that i will look after the children and they will offer support.", + "question": "can we get help to come up with a child maintenance agreement ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "search for a local mediator", + [] + ], + [ + "read guidance", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can search for a local mediator to help you reach agreement about an arrangement.

    ", + "

    You can read guidance on:

    ", + "
  • recording your agreement
    • ", + "

    You can search for a local mediator to help you work out child maintenance arrangements.

    ", + "

    The Child Maintenance Service is for parents who have not been able to make a private arrangement about how their child\u2019s living costs will be paid. The payments are a fixed amount on a schedule.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1142" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correcting-a-death-registration", + "scenario": "My brother in law died two months ago and we have just noticed that the certificate that was issued misspells his middle name. Although this probably makes little difference to him we are worried that it might cause adminstrative problems in the future", + "question": "How can we amend my brother in law's death certificate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "fill in the application form to correct details on a death registration and send it to the register office", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Fill in the application form to correct details on a death registration and send it to the register office.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that the information given at the time of the registration was wrong. You must send in documents with your application that show what the correct information should have been. These documents should be valid or dated around the time of the death.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1143" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correcting-a-death-registration", + "scenario": "My best friend died a few weeks ago and I dispute the cause of death that is given on her death certificate. I am not a doctor but I really believe that an error was made.", + "question": "Can I challenge the cause of death on my friend's death certificate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    If you cannot send in proof, corrections cannot usually be made.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Corrections to a death registration can only be made when the information is wrong (for example a mistake in spelling a person\u2019s name).

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to show that the information given at the time of the registration was wrong. You must send in documents with your application that show what the correct information should have been. These documents should be valid or dated around the time of the death.

    ", + "

    Documents you can send in include a:

    ", + "
  • letter from a hospital or doctor
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1144" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-tax-returns", + "scenario": "I am a VAT registered business trader in the U.K and my accountant resigned would like to file my financial income tax returns.", + "question": "I want to know what does tax returns exactly involve?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "profit or loss for corporation tax", + [] + ], + [ + "corporation tax bill", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you file your tax return, you work out your:

    ", + "
  • profit or loss for Corporation Tax (this is different from the profit or loss shown in your annual accounts)
    • ", + "
  • Corporation Tax bill
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1145" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-tax-returns", + "scenario": "I run a Hotel business in the U.K.Since the start of the covid pandemic a lot of my employees were furloughed and there was a lot of workload due to few staffs. I didn't file my tax returns on time and I was late by 3 months.", + "question": "What is the penalty for 3 months late payment of tax returns?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "another \u00a3100", + [] + ], + [ + "\u00a3100", + [] + ], + [ + "\u00a3500 each", + [ + "

    If your tax return is late 3 times in a row, the \u00a3100 penalties are increased to \u00a3500 each.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay penalties if you do not file your Company Tax Return by the deadline.

    ", + "Time after your deadline | Penalty", + "1 day | \u00a3100", + "3 months | Another \u00a3100", + "

    If your tax return is late 3 times in a row, the \u00a3100 penalties are increased to \u00a3500 each.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1146" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/wind-up-a-company-that-owes-you-money", + "scenario": "I have applied to wind up a local hardware company which owes me around \u00a32000. I had to pay quite substantial fees for court fees and for the petition deposit. As the case is progressing it appears that the company will be unable to repay these fees.", + "question": "Is there a chance for me to get the money spend on fees back despite this fact?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might not get all or any of the money you\u2019re owed.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get the fees back if the company can afford to repay them.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1147" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/wind-up-a-company-that-owes-you-money", + "scenario": "I have a friend which works at a company which owes me money. The company owes me over \u00a31000. My friend has proof that they are unable to pay me this amount and since he is quitting anyway he does not mind if I apply to wind up the company.", + "question": "Am I eligible to wind up the company under these circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to the court to close or \u2018wind up\u2019 a company if it cannot pay its debts. This is also known as compulsory liquidation.

    ", + "

    To wind up a company you must:

    ", + "
  • be owed \u00a3750 or more
    • ", + "
  • be able to prove that the company cannot pay you
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1148" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reclaim-vat", + "scenario": "I am a thirty five year old self employed computer repair person. I have recently purchased a new computer for use in my business, one of four that I own. I will also use it for personal use.", + "question": "As my computer will predominantly be for work use, can I reclaim ALL of the VAT on it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can usually reclaim the VAT paid on goods and services purchased for use in your business.

    ", + "

    If a purchase is also for personal or private use, you can only reclaim the business proportion of the VAT.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1149" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reclaim-vat", + "scenario": "I am thinking of starting up a taxi business and am trying to work out if it is financially viable. I would potentially have up to half a dozwn employers, both part time and full time.", + "question": "If I were to buy three or four cars for use in my business only, could I reclaim VAT on them?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to reclaim all the VAT on a new car if you use it only for business.

    ", + "

    The car must not be available for private use, and you must be able to show that it is not, for example it\u2019s specified in your employee\u2019s contract.

    ", + "

    You may also be able to claim all the VAT on a new car if it\u2019s mainly used:

    ", + "
  • as a taxi
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1150" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correct-birth-registration", + "scenario": "I have been wrongly claimed as the father of a child. My name is on his birth certificate and i want it removed.", + "question": "What do i need to get my name removed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a dna test record from an approved tester", + [] + ], + [ + "a court order", + [] + ], + [ + "evidence that confirms the name of the true biological father", + [] + ], + [ + "other evidence that confirms the recorded father could not have been the child\u2019s natural father", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to change who the recorded father is if you can prove that the man named on the certificate is not the natural father of the child. Examples of proof include:

    ", + "
  • a DNA test record from an approved tester
    • ", + "
  • a court order
    • ", + "
  • evidence that confirms the name of the true biological father
    • ", + "
  • other evidence that confirms the recorded father could not have been the child\u2019s natural father
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1151" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correct-birth-registration", + "scenario": "I panicked when i was having my son as i had been unfaithful to my husband. i now want to put the correct father's name on the birth certificate.", + "question": "Who do i need to contact about this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the register office where your child\u2019s birth was registered", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact the register office where your child\u2019s birth was registered to find out how to send your application, the cost and how to pay.

    ", + "

    Fill in the relevant application form and send it to the register office:

    ", + "
  • remove incorrect father\u2019s details from a birth registration
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1152" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-dvla-about-bereavement", + "scenario": "Our family driver succumbed to injuries after a road accident. I want to report to DVLA but I can't access the \"Tell us once services \"", + "question": "If i write to DVLA manually what should i include in the letter?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "their name, address and date of birth", + [] + ], + [ + "your relationship to the person who died", + [] + ], + [ + "the date they died", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Write to DVLA to tell them a driver has died. Include the person\u2019s driving licence with your letter, if you have it.

    ", + "

    Your letter must include:

    ", + "
  • your relationship to the person who died
    • ", + "
  • the date they died
    • ", + "
  • their name, address and date of birth
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1153" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-filing-software", + "scenario": "My software development company is in between projects right now and we thought it would be a good idea to develop our own filing software. This will enable us to speed up and make the filling process more streamlined and secure for our particular business.", + "question": "What technical specifications must our software follow in order to be legal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the companies house technical specifications", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can then either:

    ", + "
  • develop your own software - request a copy of the Companies House technical specifications by emailing xml@companieshouse.gov.uk
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1154" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-filing-software", + "scenario": "The filing process has always been a time consuming task for my business. Most of the times I do it myself by hand. Recently a friend recommended I switch to electronic filing to make the process easier. I have all types of accounts but am mostly looking for software that can take care of full type accounts.", + "question": "Will the software \"Taxfiler Accounts Production\" developed by \"Taxfiler\" be efficient for my needs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The following is a list of software and the kinds of accounts you can use it for.

    ", + "Supplier | Product | Dormant | Micro Entity | Abridged | Small | Full", + "Taxfiler | Taxfiler Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | -" + ], + "id": "train-1155" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parental-rights-responsibilities", + "scenario": "My friend Kate and her unmarried partner had a baby girl last year. They have now separated and Kate takes care of the baby. Her ex partner wants to be part of the baby care.", + "question": "Which ways can unmarried partner get parental responsibilities?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "jointly registering the birth of the child with the mother (from 1 december 2003)", + [ + "
  • jointly registering the birth of the child with the mother (from 1 December 2003)
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "getting a parental responsibility agreement with the mother", + [] + ], + [ + "getting a parental responsibility order from a court", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    An unmarried father can get parental responsibility for his child in 1 of 3 ways:

    ", + "
  • jointly registering the birth of the child with the mother (from 1 December 2003)
    • ", + "
  • getting a parental responsibility agreement with the mother
    • ", + "
  • getting a parental responsibility order from a court
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1156" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parental-rights-responsibilities", + "scenario": "My wife and I have separated and she has since blocked me and no way I can access my children. I miss them and I want to be part of their lives.", + "question": "I want to apply for a court order. How much does it cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3215", + [ + "

    You may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A court order costs \u00a3215.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1157" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-decisions-for-someone", + "scenario": "My uncle owns several properties across the UK.Recently he was diagnosed with dementia and appointed me with lasting power of attorney.", + "question": "As his attorney what are my obligations?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "give them all the help they need to make each decision before deciding they do not have mental capacity to make that decision themselves", + [] + ], + [ + "make any decisions in their best interests", + [] + ], + [ + "make decisions that restrict their human and civil rights as little as you can", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As someone\u2019s attorney or deputy you must:

    ", + "
  • give them all the help they need to make each decision before deciding they do not have mental capacity to make that decision themselves
    • ", + "
  • make any decisions in their best interests
    • ", + "
  • make decisions that restrict their human and civil rights as little as you can
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1158" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-decisions-for-someone", + "scenario": "My friend Alice had a car accident last year and developed severe head injuries. She can't remember some things and would like to nominate a deputy to make decisions on her behalf.", + "question": "What some of human and civil rights the deputy can\u2019t make decision on?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "voting", + [] + ], + [ + "relationships", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your decisions must restrict the person\u2019s human and civil rights as little as possible. Citizens Advice has information about human and civil rights.

    ", + "

    You can never make decisions on someone\u2019s behalf about certain things, such as:

    ", + "
  • voting
    • ", + "
  • relationships - for example consenting to sex, getting married or getting divorced
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1159" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/water-and-sewerage-rates-for-businesses", + "scenario": "I run a fish and chip shop in Derby. I produce a lot of waste oil and food scraps. I understand this is covered by legislation.", + "question": "Does this count as effluent?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay for any effluent (liquid waste) you produce. Effluent is water contaminated with things like:

    ", + "
  • fats, oils and grease
    • ", + "
  • food waste
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1160" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/water-and-sewerage-rates-for-businesses", + "scenario": "I run a laundry business and we use a lot of water. I am looking for a better deal as I am a heavy user of water.", + "question": "Can I select my own water provider?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    In England and Wales you can check with Ofwat whether you can choose your own supplier.

    ", + "

    In Scotland choose your supplier from the Water Commission\u2019s list of suppliers.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    In Northern Ireland you can\u2019t choose your own supplier - water is supplied by Northern Ireland Water.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your business could be eligible for a large user tariff, meaning your water might be cheaper. This is because it often costs less to supply larger businesses.

    ", + "

    You may be able to choose your water and sewerage service provider depending on where your business is.

    ", + "

    In England and Wales you can check with Ofwat whether you can choose your own supplier.

    ", + "

    In Scotland choose your supplier from the Water Commission\u2019s list of suppliers.

    ", + "

    In Northern Ireland you can\u2019t choose your own supplier - water is supplied by Northern Ireland Water.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1161" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correct-birth-registration", + "scenario": "I am a 21 year old transwoman and I was registered as a male at birth. This causes me a lot of distress and I would very much like to change my birth certificate to reflect my true identity.", + "question": "What steps do I have to take to reregister my birth?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1162" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correct-birth-registration", + "scenario": "I registered the birth of my son last year and foolishly put the name of my ex on the birth certificate rather than that of his father. I deeply regret this now and want to make amends.", + "question": "Is it possible to change the father's name on my son's birth certificate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can apply to change who the recorded father is if you can prove that the man named on the certificate is not the natural father of the child. Examples of proof include:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to change who the recorded father is if you can prove that the man named on the certificate is not the natural father of the child. Examples of proof include:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1163" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/making-child-maintenance-arrangement", + "scenario": "I am the custodian of our two daughters after i underwent domestic abuse and our marriage broke. We had made a private arrangement with my ex-husband on how he will pay for childcare maintenance. It's 5 months now and has not paid any child maintenance.", + "question": "If i apply for the childcare mantainance services will i have to pay a fee?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you later decide to switch to using the Child Maintenance Service you may have to pay an application fee. You will not need to pay the fee if you\u2019ve experienced domestic abuse, you\u2019re under 19 years old or you live in Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay this if you:

    ", + "
  • have experienced domestic abuse
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1164" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/making-child-maintenance-arrangement", + "scenario": "I would like to apply for a child maintenance service. My children are 3 and 5 years old respectively and we all live in the UK. My ex-husband has declined to commit.My income is low and I am not working.", + "question": "Which documents should i provide?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "details about the child you\u2019re applying for", + [] + ], + [ + "your national insurance number", + [] + ], + [ + "your bank account details", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • details about the child you\u2019re applying for - including the full names of their parents
    • ", + "
  • your National Insurance number
    • ", + "
  • your bank account details (tell the Child Maintenance Service if it\u2019s not safe to tell the other parent your name, if you\u2019ve changed it, or location)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1165" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-birth", + "scenario": "My partner and I are French citizens living in the UK and have just had our first child. We would like our child to have dual citizenship if this is possible.", + "question": "When we register our baby's birth, do we have to mention our nationality?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When registering the birth, you should know:

    ", + "
  • parents\u2019 names, surnames and address
    • ", + "
  • places and dates of parents\u2019 birth
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1166" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-birth", + "scenario": "My sister has recently had her baby and has to remain in hospital due to complications. She has no partner and will be raising the baby alone.", + "question": "Am I able to register my sister's baby even though I am not its parent?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • someone who was present at the birth
    • ", + "
  • someone who is responsible for the child
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If the parents cannot register the birth (for example, for medical reasons), certain other people can do it:

    ", + "
  • someone who was present at the birth
    • ", + "
  • someone who is responsible for the child
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1167" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/business-relief-inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "I am the will executor of our inherited properties and buildings from our parents .I would like to claim 50 % business relief.", + "question": "Which forms should i fill?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "form iht400", + [] + ], + [ + "schedule iht413", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You should fill in both:

    ", + "
  • form IHT400 (Inheritance Tax account)
    • ", + "
  • schedule IHT413 (Business or partnership interests and assets)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1168" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/business-relief-inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "I inherited a big piece of land and several buildings through a will. I do commercial farming on land with different farm machinery. I would like to know more about business relief.", + "question": "What qualifies for 50% business relief?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "shares controlling more than 50% of the voting rights in a listed company", + [] + ], + [ + "and, buildings or machinery owned by the deceased and used in a business they were a partner in or controlled", + [] + ], + [ + "land, buildings or machinery used in the business and held in a trust that it has the right to benefit from", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get 50% Business Relief on:

    ", + "
  • shares controlling more than 50% of the voting rights in a listed company
    • ", + "
  • land, buildings or machinery owned by the deceased and used in a business they were a partner in or controlled
    • ", + "
  • land, buildings or machinery used in the business and held in a trust that it has the right to benefit from
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1169" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mandatory-reconsideration", + "scenario": "I applied for PIP three months ago on the grounds that I have a severe mental health condition that affects my ability to leave my home. I was told my application had been rejected because I did not have enough points.", + "question": "I want this to be reconsidered as I am sure the decision is wrong. What do I do?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "contact the benefits office that gave you the decision.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you disagree with a decision about benefits, tax credits or child maintenance you can ask for the decision to be looked at again - this is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can ask for mandatory reconsideration for benefits including:

    ", + "
  • Personal Independence Payment (PIP)
    • ", + "

    Contact the benefits office that gave you the decision. You can contact them:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1170" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mandatory-reconsideration", + "scenario": "I applied for ESA on the grounds of a physical health problem and was rejected. My request for a mandatory reconsideration was rejected also. I do not know what I need to do now and I am desperate.", + "question": "How do I take my claim further now it has been rejected twice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "appeal to the social security and child support tribunal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal if you think the decision in the mandatory reconsideration notice is wrong. The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1171" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/business-relief-inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "While looking into how to value the estate of my business I was informed that I can claim Business Relief as the executor of the estate. While the lady that was assisting me helped me out a lot and I am mostly aware of the process a few details slipped my mind.", + "question": "Which forms do I need to fill out in order to claim relief?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "form iht400", + [] + ], + [ + "schedule iht413", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You should fill in both:

    ", + "
  • form IHT400 (Inheritance Tax account)
    • ", + "
  • schedule IHT413 (Business or partnership interests and assets)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1172" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/business-relief-inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "My father recently passed away. In his will he left me his shares in a software company. After doing a bit of research on the company I found out it counts as an unlisted company.", + "question": "What percentage Business Relief can I claim on these shares?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "100%", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get Business Relief of either 50% or 100% on some of an estate\u2019s business assets, which can be passed on:

    ", + "
  • as part of the will
    • ", + "

    You can claim relief on:

    ", + "
  • unlisted shares
    • ", + "

    You can get 100% Business Relief on:

    ", + "
  • shares in an unlisted company
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1173" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reclaim-vat", + "scenario": "I bought a personal gaming computer for myself and requested an invoice to my business, so I can claim VAT on it. I will not be using this computer for work, it is purely for private use. Today when I brought this up with my accountant he let me know that I will not be able to claim VAT on this purchase.", + "question": "Am I eligible to reclaim VAT on this purchase?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can usually reclaim the VAT paid on goods and services purchased for use in your business.

    ", + "

    If a purchase is also for personal or private use, you can only reclaim the business proportion of the VAT.

    ", + "

    You cannot reclaim VAT for:

    ", + "
  • anything that\u2019s only for private use
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1174" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reclaim-vat", + "scenario": "I own a fast food franchise, currently I only have one location. Recently I began planning on opening a new location after I saw a very well located vacant property for sale. The property is listed for \u00a3200,000 before VAT. Since it is going to be a business expansion expense I plan on reclaiming VAT on it.", + "question": "Do the normal VAT rules apply to this purchase?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can usually reclaim the VAT paid on goods and services purchased for use in your business.

    ", + "

    There are special rules for reclaiming VAT for:

    ", + "
  • land and buildings costing \u00a3250,000 or more before VAT
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1175" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-dvla-about-bereavement", + "scenario": "I was recently widowed and am in possession of a Motability car which I used to drive my disabled husband around. I have been told that I am not to drive it now my husband is dead but I do not know what to do.", + "question": "What steps do I take now?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1176" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-dvla-about-bereavement", + "scenario": "My father in law died recently and indicated before he died that he would like us to keep his car, which has been off road for some time due to his failing health. We have the log book and other paperwork", + "question": "How do we go about keeping the car and transferring it into our name?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "fill in section 2 if you have a new style log book with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover. fill in section 6 if you have the older style log book.", + [] + ], + [ + "tear off and keep the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip.", + [] + ], + [ + "write a letter explaining your relationship to the person who died, the date they died and who should be paid any vehicle tax refund.", + [] + ], + [ + "send the v5c with your letter to the dvla sensitive casework team.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have the vehicle log book (V5C)

    ", + "
  • Fill in section 2 if you have a new style log book with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover. Fill in section 6 if you have the older style log book.
    • ", + "
  • Tear off and keep the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip.
    • ", + "
  • Write a letter explaining your relationship to the person who died, the date they died and who should be paid any vehicle tax refund.
    • ", + "
  • Send the V5C with your letter to the DVLA Sensitive Casework Team. Also include form V890 if you want to register the vehicle as off the road (SORN) instead of taxing it.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1177" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-records", + "scenario": "I am thirty and was adopted as a toddler. I have always known that I was adopted and until now have had no interest in accessing my adoption records. Recently, however, I have begun to be interested in these and would like to access them.", + "question": "Where can I find my birth records?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "from the general register office", + [ + "

    You know your birth details

    " + ] + ], + [ + "fill in an application for birth certificate information before adoption (biba) service", + [ + "

    You don\u2019t know your birth details

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You know your birth details

    ", + "

    You can order a copy of your original birth certificate from the General Register Office.

    ", + "

    For adoptions outside England or Wales you need to contact the General Register Office where you were adopted.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t know your birth details

    ", + "

    You need to fill in an application for Birth certificate Information Before Adoption (BIBA) service if you don\u2019t know your birth details. Which application form you fill in depends on if you live:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1178" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-records", + "scenario": "I learned recently that I have a younger sister that I have never met, who was put up for adoption when she was a newborn and I was just under three years old. My birth mother apparently could not cope with another child at that time and thought it was for the best.", + "question": "I'd like to meet my sister. Where should I start looking?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "add yourself to the adoption contact register at the general register office", + [ + "

    You need to be 18 or over.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "use an intermediary agency to help you trace a birth relative", + [ + "
  • a relative of yours (including a relative by adoption) was adopted before 30 December 2005
    • ", + "
  • you were adopted before 30 December 2005
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can add yourself to the Adoption Contact Register at the General Register Office to:

    ", + "
  • find a birth relative or an adopted person
    • ", + "

    You can add yourself to the register to try to find an adopted person by filling in form CR part 2. Read guidance notes on how to complete the form. You\u2019ll only be able to find people who have also added themselves to it.

    ", + "

    You can use an intermediary agency to help you trace a birth relative if you were adopted or you\u2019re related to someone who has been adopted. The fee for the service depends on the agency.

    ", + "
  • you were adopted before 30 December 2005
    • ", + "
  • a relative of yours (including a relative by adoption) was adopted before 30 December 2005
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1179" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-file-annual-accounts-for-limited-company", + "scenario": "I am a director of a private limited company and would like to file the first financial accounts with the company house.", + "question": "What is the given deadline to file accounts?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "21 months after the date you registered with companies house", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    After the end of its financial year, your private limited company must prepare:

    ", + "
  • full (\u2018statutory\u2019) annual accounts
    • ", + "Action | Deadline", + "File first accounts with Companies House | 21 months after the date you registered with Companies House" + ], + "id": "train-1180" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-file-annual-accounts-for-limited-company", + "scenario": "My company accountant tested positive for the corona virus and went into isolation because of this, I delayed filing of my company tax returns and I would wish to extend my filling deadline .", + "question": "What do i need inorder to apply online?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your company number", + [] + ], + [ + "information about why you need more time", + [] + ], + [ + "any documents you have that support your application", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To apply online you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "
  • your company number
    • ", + "
  • information about why you need more time
    • ", + "
  • any documents you have that support your application
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1181" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-tax-returns", + "scenario": "we are a hospitality company. over the past year because of reduced visitor numbers we have recorded financial losses and have had to let some staff go.", + "question": "do we have to file a return if we made a loss ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must still send a return if you make a loss or have no Corporation Tax to pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1182" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-tax-returns", + "scenario": "we have been very busy as a company, we had unprecedented orders and so have fallen behind in our paper work including filing our company tax returns.", + "question": "what are the penalties for filing tax returs late ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3100", + [ + "1 day | \u00a3100" + ] + ], + [ + "another \u00a3100", + [ + "3 months | Another \u00a3100" + ] + ], + [ + "hm revenue and customs (hmrc) will estimate your corporation tax bill and add a penalty of 10% the unpaid tax", + [ + "6 months | HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will estimate your Corporation Tax bill and add a penalty of 10% the unpaid tax" + ] + ], + [ + "another 10% of any unpaid tax", + [ + "12 months | Another 10% of any unpaid tax" + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a3500 each", + [ + "

    If your tax return is late 3 times in a row, the \u00a3100 penalties are increased to \u00a3500 each.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay penalties if you do not file your Company Tax Return by the deadline.

    ", + "Time after your deadline | Penalty", + "1 day | \u00a3100", + "3 months | Another \u00a3100", + "6 months | HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will estimate your Corporation Tax bill and add a penalty of 10% the unpaid tax", + "12 months | Another 10% of any unpaid tax", + "

    If your tax return is late 3 times in a row, the \u00a3100 penalties are increased to \u00a3500 each.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1183" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-businesses", + "scenario": "My father is in the real estate business and owns several house assets. He wants to sell one of his houses but would like to work out the gains.", + "question": "What are the costs he can deduct?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "fees", + [] + ], + [ + "costs to improve assets", + [] + ], + [ + "stamp duty land tax and vat", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your asset from your gain.

    ", + "

    Costs you can deduct include:

    ", + "
  • fees, for example for valuing or advertising assets
    • ", + "
  • costs to improve assets (but not normal repairs)
    • ", + "
  • Stamp Duty Land Tax and VAT (unless you can reclaim the VAT)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1184" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-businesses", + "scenario": "My brother and I own a big family house and we would like to sell it so that we can share the money amongst ourselves. We inherited it through a will and it was our main home.", + "question": "If we sell it can we qualify for a private residential relief?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to reduce or delay paying tax on your gains if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.

    ", + "

    You normally get Private Residence Relief when you sell or dispose of your main home, meaning you do not pay any Capital Gains Tax.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1185" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correcting-a-death-registration", + "scenario": "I am a doctor. One of my patients recently died during an extremely busy shift (we had 5 times the usual number of patients due to COVID). I realized I missed a note about the patient's condition when filling out the death certificate.", + "question": "Can I change the death certificate to fix my mistake?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot change a death certificate once it\u2019s been issued, but you can apply to get a note added to the original entry in the death register.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1186" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correcting-a-death-registration", + "scenario": "My husband recently died of covid-19. I have just received the death certificate and noticed that his name is misspelt on the certificate.", + "question": "What happen if I try to get my husband's name corrected on the death certificate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can then get an updated certificate issued that shows this note", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can then get an updated certificate issued that shows this note.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1187" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-business-partnership", + "scenario": "My friend and I have decided to do a taxi business partnership, We are in the process of coming up with a brand name.", + "question": "What must a business name not do?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "include \u2018limited\u2019, \u2018ltd\u2019, \u2018limited liability partnership, \u2018llp\u2019, \u2018public limited company\u2019 or \u2018plc\u2019", + [] + ], + [ + "be offensive", + [] + ], + [ + "be the same as an existing trade mark", + [] + ], + [ + "cannot contain a \u2018sensitive\u2019 word or expression, or suggest a connection with government or local authorities", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Business partnership names must not:

    ", + "
  • include \u2018limited\u2019, \u2018Ltd\u2019, \u2018limited liability partnership, \u2018LLP\u2019, \u2018public limited company\u2019 or \u2018plc\u2019
    • ", + "
  • be offensive
    • ", + "
  • be the same as an existing trade mark
    • ", + "

    Your name also cannot contain a \u2018sensitive\u2019 word or expression, or suggest a connection with government or local authorities, unless you get permission.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1188" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-business-partnership", + "scenario": "We started a transport company business with my business partner last year and we have witnessed a total turnover of \u00a390,000.", + "question": "Is that amount vatable and can we register for VAT?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must also register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000. You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1189" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-records", + "scenario": "my sister gave up her son for adoption twenty years ago. i'd like very much to get to know my nephew who is a young man now.", + "question": "can i find out where my nephew was adopted ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can add yourself to the Adoption Contact Register at the General Register Office to:

    ", + "
  • find a birth relative or an adopted person
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1190" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-records", + "scenario": "i come from a very happy and secure home. i know that i am adopted but i'm very satisfied with my adopted family.", + "question": "can i refuse to be contacted by my birth parents ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can add yourself to the Adoption Contact Register at the General Register Office to:

    ", + "
  • say you don\u2019t want to be contacted
    • ", + "

    Adopted people and birth relatives can use the Adoption Contact Register to say that they don\u2019t want to be contacted.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1191" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parental-rights-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I'm Eric living in England. My wife has recently given birth to a baby boy. I don't understand my rights and this is all new to me.", + "question": "Do I qualify for parental responsibility?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All mothers and most fathers have legal rights and responsibilities as a parent - known as \u2018parental responsibility\u2019.

    ", + "

    A mother automatically has parental responsibility for her child from birth.

    ", + "

    A father usually has parental responsibility if he\u2019s either:

    ", + "
  • married to the child\u2019s mother
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1192" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parental-rights-responsibilities", + "scenario": "My daughter has given birth to a baby girl. However, she is a drug addict and cannot look after the baby and would like me to look after her.", + "question": "How do i apply for parental responsibility?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "fill in a parental responsibility agreement", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re a father who wants parental responsibility and the mother agrees, fill in a parental responsibility agreement.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "take the agreement to your local family court", + [] + ], + [ + "apply for a court order", + [ + "

    If you want parental responsibility but cannot agree on arrangements with the mother, you can apply for a court order.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a father who wants parental responsibility and the mother agrees, fill in a parental responsibility agreement.

    ", + "

    There\u2019s a different agreement form for step parents.

    ", + "

    Take the agreement to your local family court where it can be signed and witnessed.

    ", + "

    If you want parental responsibility but cannot agree on arrangements with the mother, you can apply for a court order.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1193" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mandatory-reconsideration", + "scenario": "i was in an abusive relationship that ended bitterly. i did not wish to interact with my partner any longer and applied for child maintenance from the state which was denied.", + "question": "can i challenge the decision of my application for child maintenance ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you think the office dealing with your claim has made an error or missed important evidence
    • ", + "
  • you disagree with the reasons for the decision
    • ", + "
  • you want to have the decision looked at again
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you disagree with a decision about benefits, tax credits or child maintenance you can ask for the decision to be looked at again - this is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can do this if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you think the office dealing with your claim has made an error or missed important evidence
    • ", + "
  • you disagree with the reasons for the decision
    • ", + "
  • you want to have the decision looked at again
    • ", + "

    You can ask for mandatory reconsideration for benefits including:

    ", + "
  • child maintenance (sometimes known as \u2018child support\u2019)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1194" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mandatory-reconsideration", + "scenario": "i got injured a while ago at work and applied for industrial injuries disablement benefit but the application was denied. it has been two months since i got the decision.", + "question": "how much time do i have to make a challenge to a benefit decision ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within one month of the date on your decision letter", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask for mandatory reconsideration after this but it must be for a good reason, for example if you\u2019ve been in hospital or had a bereavement. You must explain why your request is late.

    ", + "

    You need to ask for mandatory reconsideration within one month of the date on your decision letter. If you\u2019re writing, the letter or form must arrive by then.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1195" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/wind-up-a-company-that-owes-you-money", + "scenario": "We are electronic goods suppliers. We supplied electronic goods to one of our customers but did not pay. The bill has reached \u00a3500,000.I have tried all the means but has got no intentions of paying. I want to apply for a winding up petition.", + "question": "Which forms am i supposed to fill?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "comp 1", + [] + ], + [ + "comp 2", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Fill in form Comp 1 and make 3 copies.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need to fill in form Comp 2 confirming the details of your petition.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1196" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/wind-up-a-company-that-owes-you-money", + "scenario": "We are a vehicle spare parts dealer company and supplied spare parts to one of our clients. He runs a car dealership business in the U.K. He failed to pay his debt of \u00a350,000 . We have applied for a winding up petition to the courts and it has been granted.", + "question": "Can the court recover our debts?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You might not get all or any of the money you\u2019re owed.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your application to the court is known as a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019. If you\u2019re successful:

    ", + "
  • the company collects money it\u2019s owed
    • ", + "

    You might not get all or any of the money you\u2019re owed.

    ", + "

    The court will put an official receiver in charge of the liquidation. They\u2019ll start the process of turning the company\u2019s assets into money that can be used to pay the company\u2019s debts.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1197" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contaminated-land", + "scenario": "My husband and I recently purchased some land on which we intended to build. We had had it surveyed and apparently it is heavily contaminated. We are not sure what this might do to our building plans.", + "question": "How do we go forward now that we know that our land is contaminated?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "contact your local council to check what you must do to make sure the land is suitable for your proposed development.", + [] + ], + [ + "deal with the contamination", + [] + ], + [ + "the council or agency will then decide who\u2019s responsible for dealing with it instead", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The council or agency will then decide who\u2019s responsible for dealing with it instead. This may be the landowner, or the person who uses the land.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to deal with the contamination either:

    ", + "
  • before you get planning permission
    • ", + "
  • as part of the development
    • ", + "

    Contact your local council to check what you must do to make sure the land is suitable for your proposed development.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1198" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contaminated-land", + "scenario": "I have recently leased a small patch of land with the intention of using it as an allotment. Having inspected it there appears to be a strange chemical smell to the soil. This makes me worry it might not be suitable for growing food.", + "question": "How do I find out for definite if there is contamination in my new land?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "contact your local council", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your local council or an environment agency will decide if your land is contaminated.

    ", + "

    Contact your local council if you believe your land is contaminated.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1199" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/represent-yourself-in-court", + "scenario": "I am due in court in two months on motoring offence charges. I intend to represent myself as I think that the case is fairly straightforward and I do not want to waste money on legal representation.", + "question": "Do I have to hire a representative at the court?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have the right to speak for yourself in court without a solicitor or other legal professional.

    ", + "

    You may choose to do this because:

    ", + "
  • you think it\u2019s better to talk directly to the judge, jury or magistrates yourself
    • ", + "
  • you cannot afford to pay legal fees
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1200" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/represent-yourself-in-court", + "scenario": "My wife and I are involved in an acrimonious divorce and it has been recommended that I get legal representation. I cannot afford this, however, especially with the uncertainty of whether I will have to pay maintanance and if so how much.", + "question": "Can I represent myself?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have the right to speak for yourself in court without a solicitor or other legal professional.

    ", + "

    You may choose to do this because:

    ", + "
  • you cannot afford to pay legal fees
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1201" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/business-asset-disposal-relief", + "scenario": "My friend has been operating his business for 10 years and wants to sell all of his business assets and relocate abroad . He qualifies for the asset disposal relief.", + "question": "How can he put a claim?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "through your self assessment tax return", + [] + ], + [ + "by filling in section a of the business asset disposal relief helpsheet", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief either:

    ", + "
  • through your Self Assessment tax return
    • ", + "
  • by filling in Section A of the Business Asset Disposal Relief helpsheet
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1202" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/business-asset-disposal-relief", + "scenario": "I want to sell the farm machinery I had let to our agricultural business farm for the last 2 years. I have already sold 3% of my partnership shares. I want to opt out of agricultural business.", + "question": "Will i be able to pay less capital tax gain?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to pay less Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) all or part of your business.

    ", + "

    Business Asset Disposal Relief means you\u2019ll pay tax at 10% on all gains on qualifying assets.

    ", + "

    To qualify, both of the following must apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve sold at least 5% of your part of a business partnership or your shares in a personal company
    • ", + "
  • you owned the assets but let your business partnership or personal company use them for at least one year up to the date you sold your business or shares - or the date the business closed
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1203" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-trainer-standards-check", + "scenario": "i took my motorcycle trainer standards check a few years ago and have been training people on how to ride motorcycles with great success. i was recenttly informed that i have been removed from the motorcycle trainer register.", + "question": "can i be removed from the motorcycle trainer register ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can be removed from the motorcycle trainer register if you keep missing your standards check.

    ", + "

    If you fail 3 times:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be removed from the motorcycle trainer register if you keep missing your standards check.

    ", + "

    You have up to 2 more attempts to pass the standards check.

    ", + "

    If you fail 3 times:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be removed from the motorcycle trainer register
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1204" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scrapped-and-written-off-vehicles", + "scenario": "I have two old cars in my backyard which are of no use and I want them completely scrapped.I don't want to possess any parts .", + "question": "How long will it take to get a certificate of destruction after the cars have been scrapped?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 7 days", + [ + "

    You will not get a certificate of destruction if the ATF decides to repair and sell your vehicle.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The ATF will give you a \u2018certificate of destruction\u2019 within 7 days if you\u2019ve scrapped a:

    ", + "
  • car
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1205" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scrapped-and-written-off-vehicles", + "scenario": "My friend John had a road accident and his car was completely damaged. Luckily he did not suffer any major bodily harm. His car was insured.", + "question": "What does he need to do to have the car scrapped?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.", + [ + "
  • Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "scrap your vehicle at an atf", + [] + ], + [ + "give the atf the vehicle log book (v5c), but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section from it", + [] + ], + [ + "tell dvla you\u2019ve taken your vehicle to an atf", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.
    • ", + "
  • Scrap your vehicle at an ATF. This is usually free.
    • ", + "
  • Give the ATF the vehicle log book (V5C), but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section from it.
    • ", + "
  • Tell DVLA you\u2019ve taken your vehicle to an ATF.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1206" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mot-tester-training-assessments", + "scenario": "i want to be a MOT tester since i am a pretty good mechanic. i took the MOT tester assesment and failed on my first try.", + "question": "how many time can i take the MOT tester assesment ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "there\u2019s no limit", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you do not pass, there\u2019s no limit on how many times you can take the assessment during the same year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1207" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mot-tester-training-assessments", + "scenario": "i'm interested in being an MOT tester but i am not sure where to start when it comes to training. i'd like to get some materials to get me started.", + "question": "What are the organisations that provide MOT tester training courses?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "abc awards", + [] + ], + [ + "city & guilds", + [] + ], + [ + "institute of the motor industry", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can also book a training course through one of these providers:

    ", + "
  • ABC Awards
    • ", + "
  • City & Guilds
    • ", + "
  • Institute of the Motor Industry
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1208" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-accommodation", + "scenario": "I am eighteen and a recent school leaver. I have been offered a job as a maid in a hotel which comes with a room supplied. The wage offered seems rather low, however, and does not equate to minimum wage by my calculations.", + "question": "Is it legal for me to be paid less than minimum wage just because I have a room with my job?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Accommodation provided by an employer can be taken into account when calculating the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    If an employer charges more than the offset rate, the difference is taken off the worker\u2019s pay which counts for the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    This means the higher the accommodation charge, the lower a worker\u2019s pay when calculating the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    If the accommodation charge is at or below the offset rate, it does not have an effect on the worker\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    If the accommodation is free, the offset rate is added to the worker\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    This effect of accommodation rates on the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage depends on how much an employer charges for accommodation.

    ", + "

    If the accommodation is free, it still affects the minimum wage. There is an offset rate of \u00a38.36 per day for this.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1209" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-accommodation", + "scenario": "I have recently een a job advertised at Buckingham Palace, which comes with an apartment for up to four people with the job. I am interested in this but am wondering if it is financially beneficial to me as I might lose money from the hourly wage.", + "question": "Could accepting a job with accommodation mean I get paid less?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If an employer charges more than the offset rate, the difference is taken off the worker\u2019s pay which counts for the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Accommodation provided by an employer can be taken into account when calculating the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    If an employer charges more than the offset rate, the difference is taken off the worker\u2019s pay which counts for the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    This means the higher the accommodation charge, the lower a worker\u2019s pay when calculating the minimum wage.

    ", + "

    If the accommodation is free, the offset rate is added to the worker\u2019s pay.

    ", + "

    Accommodation costs count towards the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage, even if the worker does not have to use the accommodation to do the job. If the accommodation is optional, it only counts as a cost if the worker uses it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1210" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-childminder-agency-england", + "scenario": "I am sixty years old and recently retired. I tried to register as a childminder but my application was refused. I have a clean police record and a lot of experience with children. I feel I might be discriminated against because of my age", + "question": "I want to find out why my application was refused, what do I do?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "ofsted will send you a letter called a \u2018notice of intention\u2019", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Ofsted will send you a letter called a \u2018notice of intention\u2019 which will tell you why you\u2019ve been turned down.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1211" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/night-working-hours", + "scenario": "we have an orchard and the fruits are now in season. since they spoil easily we sometimes employ teenagers to sometimes work nights to pick the fruits.", + "question": "are teenagers allowed to work night shifts ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    Staff aged 16 or 17 cannot work between midnight and 4am.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The night period is 11pm to 6am, unless the worker and employer agree a different night period.

    ", + "

    Staff aged 16 or 17 cannot work between midnight and 4am.

    ", + "

    They usually cannot work between 10pm and 6am (this can be changed to not working between 11pm and 7am, by contract) but there are exceptions if they work in:

    ", + "
  • agriculture
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1212" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/night-working-hours", + "scenario": "i like my peace and enjoy night hours. i have approached my employer to assign me work in the night shift but before they assigned me the hours they required a health assesment.", + "question": "can an employer require a health assesment for night shift workers ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employers must offer workers a free health assessment before they become a night worker. Workers do not have to accept.

    ", + "

    A repeat assessment must be offered regularly.

    ", + "

    Employers must keep confidential records of:

    ", + "
  • dates when assessments were offered (if a worker did not want one)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1213" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-goods-out-uk-temporarily", + "scenario": "I am attending a trade show in Germany. I am a retailer of antique weaponry and I need to take samples of my stock. i will be returning with them.", + "question": "How do I get an ATA Carnet?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "online", + [] + ], + [ + "by post", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for an ATA Carnet:

    ", + "
  • online
    • ", + "
  • by post
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1214" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-goods-out-uk-temporarily", + "scenario": "Good morning all. I am a member of the London Chamber of Commerce and Industry. I am told there is a discount on the ATA Carnet for members.", + "question": "How much do i need to pay for my ATA Carnet?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3325.96", + [] + ], + [ + "a security deposit", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It usually costs \u00a3325.96 and you\u2019ll need to pay a security deposit.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1215" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/access-to-elected-office-fund", + "scenario": "I am a disabled councillor candidate for the local council. I have heard that the Elected Office Fund is no longer operating.", + "question": "Is there an alternative source of funding available to me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "enable fund for elected office", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    This fund is currently closed. Find out if you can get help with disability-related expenses from the \u2018EnAble Fund for Elected Office\u2019 instead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1216" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/access-to-elected-office-fund", + "scenario": "Gandalf here. I am interested to know, before the fund closed, a few things about the fund to see if I am now being disadvantaged by the new scheme.", + "question": "What were the qualifying criteria under the fund?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you\u2019re eligible to stand for election", + [] + ], + [ + "you can prove your disability", + [] + ], + [ + "you can prove you\u2019re involved or interested in civic, community or relevant activities", + [] + ], + [ + "your application is supported by a member of your political party, or an independent referee if you do not have a political party", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to the Access to Elected Office Fund if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re eligible to stand for election
    • ", + "
  • you can prove your disability, for example with a letter from a doctor
    • ", + "
  • you can prove you\u2019re involved or interested in civic, community or relevant activities, for example volunteering or student politics
    • ", + "
  • your application is supported by a member of your political party, or an independent referee if you do not have a political party
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1217" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-details-registration-certificate", + "scenario": "I am a Landrover owner and i recently swapped out the 2 1/4 petrol engine and installed a 3 litre diesel engine.", + "question": "Am I obliged to have my logbook updated?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must update the details on your registration certificate (V5C) to tell DVLA about:

    ", + "
  • most changes you make to your vehicle
    • ", + "

    You must update your V5C if you change any of the following:

    ", + "
  • engine
    • ", + "
  • cylinder capacity (cc)
    • ", + "
  • fuel type
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1218" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-details-registration-certificate", + "scenario": "I have made modifications to my car including paint colour and i put in a new engine. I realise i need to tell Swansea of this.", + "question": "What do i need to submit to DVLA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "evidence or written confirmation if you make any of the following changes to your vehicle", + [] + ], + [ + "any necessary evidence", + [] + ], + [ + "your v5c", + [ + "

    For all other changes, send your V5C to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1BA.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must update the details on your registration certificate (V5C) to tell DVLA about:

    ", + "
  • most changes you make to your vehicle
    • ", + "

    You must update your V5C if you change any of the following:

    ", + "
  • colour
    • ", + "
  • engine
    • ", + "

    You must give DVLA evidence or written confirmation if you make any of the following changes to your vehicle. Your V5C update will be rejected if you do not.

    ", + "

    You need to provide either:

    ", + "
  • a receipt for the replacement engine
    • ", + "
  • written evidence from the manufacturer
    • ", + "
  • an inspection report provided for insurance purposes
    • ", + "
  • written confirmation on headed paper from a garage (if the change took place before you bought the vehicle)
    • ", + "

    Send it to DVLA with any necessary evidence.

    ", + "

    Send your V5C to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1DZ if you changed any of the following:

    ", + "
  • engine size (cc)
    • ", + "

    For all other changes, send your V5C to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1BA.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1219" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-online", + "scenario": "I am an employer and I have registered with HMRC payee online. I want to enquire about one of my new employee's student loan details and national insurance notices.", + "question": "Can i get this information on PAYE online service?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As an employer, you need to use HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) PAYE Online service to:

    ", + "
  • access tax codes and notices about your employees
    • ", + "

    HMRC sends you information about your employees through PAYE Online. You can log in to view:

    ", + "
  • student loan notices (SL1 and SL2)
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance verification notices (NVR and NOT)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1220" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/access-to-elected-office-fund", + "scenario": "My aunt is physically disabled.She would like to vie for a councillor post in the local government elections. She wants some funds to boost her campaign drive.", + "question": "What is the maximum election fund can she get?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "between \u00a3250 and \u00a340,000", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get a grant of between \u00a3250 and \u00a340,000 if you\u2019re disabled and standing for election to, or selection as a candidate in, the:

    ", + "
  • English local government
    • ", + "

    You could get between \u00a3250 and \u00a340,000 in any calendar year (1 January to 31 December) to cover disability-related costs. For example:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1221" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/access-to-elected-office-fund", + "scenario": "My friend Jake is a very vocal person and physically impaired.He likes to care about other people's welfare, especially the vulnerable in society. A political party leader has approached him to vie for an elective post in the local council elections.He wants some funds to campaign.", + "question": "Who can apply to access elected office funds?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "this fund is currently closed", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    This fund is currently closed. Find out if you can get help with disability-related expenses from the \u2018EnAble Fund for Elected Office\u2019 instead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1222" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seat-belts-law", + "scenario": "I was parking at ASDA yesterday when a I saw a cop running towards me waving his hand, motioning me to stop. I was reversing back into a parking spot at the time I saw him. He told me that he noticed how I wasn't wearing a seatbelt. I told him that I had just taken it off when I began reversing into the parking spot. He told me that I still need to have it on and that he will issue me a warning.", + "question": "Do I have to wear a seatbelt while reversing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You don\u2019t need to wear a seat belt if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a driver who is reversing, or supervising a learner driver who is reversing
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1223" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seat-belts-law", + "scenario": "Me and my 11 year old boy were visiting my parents for my mom's birthday. He was very excited to see his grandparents and insisted on sitting in the front. My family has always been pretty tall and my boy is 140 centimetres tall despite being only 11 years old. When we reached my parents' house the first thing my dad told me was that I forgot to check if my kid had his seatbelt on and that I put him in danger.", + "question": "How much could I be fined for my child not wearing a seatbelt?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to \u00a3500", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must make sure that any children in the vehicle you\u2019re driving are:

    ", + "
  • wearing a seat belt if they\u2019re 12 or 13 years old, or younger and over 135cm tall
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a3500 if a child under 14 isn\u2019t in the correct car seat or wearing a seat belt while you\u2019re driving.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1224" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-preventing-discrimination", + "scenario": "I am a twenty five year old transwoman and I applying for my first job after completing a PhD program. I am a little nervous that people may not want to employ me once they find out that I am transgender.", + "question": "Will I be descriminated as a transwoman in the workplace?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must not ask candidates about \u2018protected characteristics\u2019 or whether they:

    ", + "

    You must not discriminate against your employees. This could be done by, for example:

    ", + "
  • selecting someone for redundancy because they have a protected characteristic
    • ", + "
  • firing someone for making an allegation of discrimination
    • ", + "

    An employee who thinks they\u2019ve been discriminated against may raise a grievance or take their case to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    The moment a worker tells their employer that they\u2019re having gender reassignment, they\u2019re protected from discrimination. Discrimination includes:

    ", + "
  • not enabling the worker to use facilities appropriate to their gender
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1225" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-preventing-discrimination", + "scenario": "I have recently been promoted in my job to careers officer and as such will be interviewing people for prospective positions within the company. I am very keen to make sure I do not break any discrimination rules.", + "question": "What sort of things can I and can I not ask a prospective recruit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "are married, single or in a civil partnership", + [] + ], + [ + "have children or plan to have children", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must not ask candidates about \u2018protected characteristics\u2019 or whether they:

    ", + "
  • are married, single or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • have children or plan to have children
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1226" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-childminder-agency-england", + "scenario": "I have been babysitting for family and friends for a few years now. I really like working with kids and seeing their minds develop as I interact with them. I know there are certain registers that need to be joined before I am eligible to become a licensed childminder. I am interested in taking care of children of all ages.", + "question": "Which register do I need to apply to join?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the early years register", + [ + "
  • the Early Years Register to register childminders who look after children aged 5 and under
    • ", + "

    You must register with Ofsted if you want to set up a childminder agency in England.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "the compulsory part of the childcare register", + [ + "
  • the compulsory part of the Childcare Register to register childminders who look after children aged 5 to 7
    • ", + "

    You must register with Ofsted if you want to set up a childminder agency in England.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "both registers", + [ + "
  • both registers to register childminders who look after children of all ages
    • ", + "

    You must register with Ofsted if you want to set up a childminder agency in England.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must register with Ofsted if you want to set up a childminder agency in England.

    ", + "

    There are 2 registers. You must apply to join:

    ", + "
  • the Early Years Register to register childminders who look after children aged 5 and under
    • ", + "
  • the compulsory part of the Childcare Register to register childminders who look after children aged 5 to 7
    • ", + "
  • both registers to register childminders who look after children of all ages
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1227" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-childminder-agency-england", + "scenario": "I recently applied to form a childminder agency. Me and my friends have everything well thought. A few days ago I found out I am pregnant. Now I am scared I will not be able to proceed with the childminder agency. Me and the others talked it over and we wish to withdraw the application.", + "question": "Will I be refunded the fee associated with the application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can withdraw your application up until you get a notice of intention to refuse your registration. Your fee won\u2019t be refunded.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1228" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-suspicious-emails-websites-phishing", + "scenario": "I have received an email from a Nigerian man, promising to pay me \u00a31,000,000 if i can help him sort out the will of his late brother. I wan't born yesterday.", + "question": "To whom do i report this suspicious email?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "report@phishing.gov.uk.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Report misleading websites, emails, phone numbers, phone calls or text messages you think may be suspicious.

    ", + "

    Forward the email to report@phishing.gov.uk.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1229" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-suspicious-emails-websites-phishing", + "scenario": "I am such a fool!! I had a call from what i thought was the tax office, saying I had a refund due. Unfortunately I gave them my bank account number.", + "question": "Where can I report this to HMRC to investigate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the hmrc security team", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can report something suspicious to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019s (HMRC) phishing team, for example:

    ", + "
  • phone calls asking for personal information or threatening a lawsuit (report a phone call)
    • ", + "

    Contact the HMRC security team if you think you\u2019ve given any personal information in reply to a suspicious email or text.

    ", + "

    Include brief details of what you disclosed (for example name, address, HMRC User ID, password) but do not give your personal details in the email.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1230" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scrapped-and-written-off-vehicles", + "scenario": "I have an old car that has a faulty engine that caught fire, damaging it beyond repair. My car insurance company state that the fire is not covered by my policy, but if it were it would be a write-off.", + "question": "Do I scrap this car as a normal disposal or via the insurance write-off procedure?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When your vehicle has reached the end of its usefulness, you must get it scrapped at an authorised treatment facility (ATF). These are sometimes known as a scrapyard or breaker\u2019s yard.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1231" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scrapped-and-written-off-vehicles", + "scenario": "I am a second hand car dealer and bought a car recently that I discovered afterwards had been disposed of as a write-off.", + "question": "Is it legal to sell this written-off but repaired car?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "Category | Repairing the vehicle | Using the vehicle", + "C | Can be repaired, but it would cost more than the vehicle\u2019s worth | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition", + "D | Can be repaired and would cost less than the vehicle\u2019s worth, but other costs (such as transporting your vehicle) take it over the vehicle\u2019s value | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition", + "N | Can be repaired following non-structural damage | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition", + "S | Can be repaired following structural damage | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition" + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "Category | Repairing the vehicle | Using the vehicle", + "A | Cannot be repaired | Entire vehicle has to be crushed", + "B | Cannot be repaired | Body shell has to be crushed, but you can salvage other parts from it" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    What you do next depends on which category your vehicle is in.

    ", + "Category | Repairing the vehicle | Using the vehicle", + "A | Cannot be repaired | Entire vehicle has to be crushed", + "B | Cannot be repaired | Body shell has to be crushed, but you can salvage other parts from it", + "C | Can be repaired, but it would cost more than the vehicle\u2019s worth | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition", + "D | Can be repaired and would cost less than the vehicle\u2019s worth, but other costs (such as transporting your vehicle) take it over the vehicle\u2019s value | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition", + "N | Can be repaired following non-structural damage | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition", + "S | Can be repaired following structural damage | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition" + ], + "id": "train-1232" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/recruitment-disabled-people", + "scenario": "My friend Mary is physically impaired and she is looking for a job. She gets a lot of mobility challenges especially when going for job interviews .A friend told her to contact Jobcentre plus.", + "question": "What help can she get from Jobcentre plus?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1233" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/recruitment-disabled-people", + "scenario": "We are a recruitment agency and we are performing interviews for our applicants. Some of them are disabled candidates and we want to make sure they are well handled.", + "question": "What are the reasonable adjustments we can make?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "wheelchair users to have their interview on the ground floor", + [] + ], + [ + "candidates to complete a written test using a computer", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask if a candidate needs an adjustment to the recruitment process to allow them to be considered for the job, or you can wait to be told.

    ", + "

    You must make adjustments if they\u2019re reasonable, for example allowing:

    ", + "
  • wheelchair users to have their interview on the ground floor
    • ", + "
  • candidates to complete a written test using a computer
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1234" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-details-registration-certificate", + "scenario": "My car needed a modification on the engine to improve its service. I would like to report these changes to the DVLA.", + "question": "When reporting ,what details do i need to provide?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a receipt for the replacement engine", + [] + ], + [ + "written evidence from the manufacturer", + [] + ], + [ + "an inspection report provided for insurance purposes", + [] + ], + [ + "written confirmation on headed paper from a garage", + [ + "
  • written confirmation on headed paper from a garage (if the change took place before you bought the vehicle)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must update your V5C if you change any of the following:

    ", + "
  • engine
    • ", + "

    Change of engine number or cylinder capacity (cc)

    ", + "

    You need to provide either:

    ", + "
  • a receipt for the replacement engine
    • ", + "
  • written evidence from the manufacturer
    • ", + "
  • an inspection report provided for insurance purposes
    • ", + "
  • written confirmation on headed paper from a garage (if the change took place before you bought the vehicle)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1235" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-details-registration-certificate", + "scenario": "My uncle wants to change the body size of his van to a camper van. He needs it to be more spacious and ready for a family holiday.", + "question": "Is there a link where he can find the documents needed to provide?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Check what evidence you need when you convert a van to a campervan or motor caravan.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1236" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/provide-driving-tests-for-your-employees", + "scenario": "we provide employment to people who are being rehabilitated after leaving prison. we'd like some of them to offer driving tests for other employees.", + "question": "can someone who has been convicted of a crime be a driving test examiner ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • have had any convictions in the last 3 years
    • ", + "
  • have been disqualified from driving
    • ", + "
  • have any court proceedings pending against them
    • ", + "
  • have any penalty points on their licence
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • have a full driving licence for the type of vehicle they\u2019re testing in
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When deciding whether to give permission for someone to provide driving tests, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) looks at if they:

    ", + "
  • have a full driving licence for the type of vehicle they\u2019re testing in
    • ", + "
  • have had any convictions in the last 3 years
    • ", + "
  • have been disqualified from driving
    • ", + "
  • have any court proceedings pending against them
    • ", + "
  • have any penalty points on their licence
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1237" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/provide-driving-tests-for-your-employees", + "scenario": "we are a small community with limited staff in the emergency services. we would like to have experienced staff in one branch of emergency services provide driving tests to staff in another branch.", + "question": "can staff from different emergency services offer each other driving tests ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to DVSA for permission for your own staff to provide driving tests for your employees if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • police service
    • ", + "
  • fire and rescue service
    • ", + "

    Your staff providing driving tests will be known as \u2018delegated driving examiners\u2019.

    ", + "

    Delegated driving examiners are allowed to provide theory and practical driving tests for drivers of:

    ", + "
  • emergency service vehicles
    • ", + "

    Delegated driving examiners working for lorry, bus and coach companies can test:

    ", + "
  • an employee
    • ", + "

    Delegated driving examiners working for police services and fire and rescue services can test:

    ", + "
  • an employee from the same type of service in a different area
    • ", + "

    The same delegated driving examiner can provide tests for both a police service and a fire and rescue service, but both must appoint them with DVSA.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1238" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/data-protection", + "scenario": "Good morning. I am employed in a company . they used biometrics for entry, CCTV and the like. I am concerned about how my data is stored.", + "question": "Who do I need to contact to see what they have on record about me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "their data protection officer (dpo)", + [] + ], + [ + "the company secretary", + [ + "

    If the organisation has no DPO, or you do not know who to write to, address your letter to the company secretary.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Write to an organisation to ask for a copy of the information they hold about you.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s a public organisation, write to their Data Protection Officer (DPO). Their details should be on the organisation\u2019s privacy notice.

    ", + "

    If the organisation has no DPO, or you do not know who to write to, address your letter to the company secretary.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1239" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/data-protection", + "scenario": "Good morning. I am not happy with the way some online retailers use my information. I just can't get rid of marketing spam, phone calls etc.", + "question": "How do I make a complaint about this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "contact the information commissioner\u2019s office (ico)", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with their response or if you need any advice you should contact the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO).

    " + ] + ], + [ + "contact the information commissioner\u2019s office (ico)", + [ + "

    If you think your data has been misused or that the organisation holding it has not kept it secure, you should contact them and tell them.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you think your data has been misused or that the organisation holding it has not kept it secure, you should contact them and tell them.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with their response or if you need any advice you should contact the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO).

    ", + "

    The ICO can investigate your claim and take action against anyone who\u2019s misused personal data.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1240" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/specialist-tests-for-coaches-and-buses", + "scenario": "We own a group of bus companies in the U.K and we are booking for our vehicle annual tests .We would like our drivers to undertake the low emission test.", + "question": "Who can we contact to book the test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "an authorised testing facility or driver and vehicle standards agency (dvsa) test station", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact an authorised testing facility or Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) test station to book the test.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1241" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/specialist-tests-for-coaches-and-buses", + "scenario": "I own several 14 seater minibuses which have been in operation since 2010.Are hired for transporting tourists and school children. I want to ensure the seat belts meet all regulations.", + "question": "Does my vehicles have to be tested on seat belts installations?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Testing seat belts is usually part of obtaining a COIF on new vehicles.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are extra tests coaches and buses may need to take to:

    ", + "
  • meet seat belt safety rules
    • ", + "

    Manufacturers of some buses, coaches and minibuses must make sure their seat belts meet certain safety rules.

    ", + "

    If your vehicle has additional seat belts fitted beyond those required by law, it must be tested if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s a private passenger vehicle with more than 8 passenger seats and was first used on or after 1 October 2001
    • ", + "

    Testing seat belts is usually part of obtaining a COIF on new vehicles.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1242" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/recruitment-disabled-people", + "scenario": "I am the boss and owner of a small boutique and recently advertised a job. One of the applicants has a hidden disability, autism. I feel she is not suitable for the job but I am not sure if I am breaking the law by rejecting her.", + "question": "Is it illegal for me to reject a candidate with a hidden disability?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    If you reject a disabled candidate, it must be based on their performance at interview rather than having to make reasonable adjustments.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The job specification (or \u2018person requirements\u2019) of a vacancy must not exclude disabled people from applying for a job.

    ", + "

    However, some jobs may have an essential requirement that cannot be met with a reasonable adjustment.

    ", + "

    If you reject a disabled candidate, it must be based on their performance at interview rather than having to make reasonable adjustments.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1243" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/recruitment-disabled-people", + "scenario": "I am a factory boss who is disabled myself and I am keen to encourage applications from other disabled people. I have several vacancies at the moment which I will be advertising.", + "question": "Is it acceptable to encourage applications specifically from disabled people?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Sign up as a disability confident committed employer. When you\u2019ve done this you can use the disability confident badge on adverts to show you encourage applications from disabled people.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1244" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/data-protection", + "scenario": "I live in a UK city and rent a flat there. I gave much personal information to my landlord during the application process.", + "question": "How can I find out what information the landlord has about me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "address your letter to the company secretary", + [ + "

    If the organisation has no DPO, or you do not know who to write to, address your letter to the company secretary.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "write to an organisation", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Write to an organisation to ask for a copy of the information they hold about you.

    ", + "

    If the organisation has no DPO, or you do not know who to write to, address your letter to the company secretary.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1245" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/data-protection", + "scenario": "I live in Wales and was fired from my job last week unjustly. I am going to take my ex-employer to employment tribunal. I believe they recorded inaccurate information about me. I do not have much money at the moment.", + "question": "Can I obtain the information about me held by my former employer for free?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re asking for a large amount of information
    • ", + "
  • your request will take a lot of time and effort to process
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Requests for information are usually free. However, organisations can charge an administrative cost in some circumstances, for example if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re asking for a large amount of information
    • ", + "
  • your request will take a lot of time and effort to process
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1246" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/becoming-a-speed-limiter-centre", + "scenario": "Our local council wants to open a sponsored speed limit center which will be good for ensuring efficient road use and safety.", + "question": "Who can qualify as sponsers?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1247" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/becoming-a-speed-limiter-centre", + "scenario": "A friend wants to set up their own independent speed limiter Centre.", + "question": "Where can they apply and send their forms to?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the driver and vehicle standards agency (dvsa)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you want to become a speed limiter centre, you\u2019ll need to get either:

    ", + "
  • approval from the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become an independent centre
    • ", + "

    Fill in the application form and send it to DVSA.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1248" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fixed-term-contracts", + "scenario": "During the lockdown I started working for a food delivery company. I had a convenient job offer (\u00a315 per hour) but I had a fixed term contract of 6 months, but since the lockdown has been extended I kept working and I'm still employed at the company: I've been working for 1 year and 2 months now.", + "question": "Do I have a full time contract now? Or is my fixed term contract extended?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "end date has changed", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If an employee continues working past the end of a contract without it being formally renewed, there\u2019s an \u2018implied agreement\u2019 by the employer that the end date has changed.

    ", + "

    The employer still needs to give proper notice if they want to dismiss the worker.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1249" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/represent-yourself-in-court", + "scenario": "My wife filed for divorce last month. Yesterday I received the documentation regarding our case. Even before finishing the first page I realized she wants full custody of our children. After carefully reading through I was left a bit confused regarding who the document addresses as 'applicant' and 'respondent'..", + "question": "Am I the applicant under these circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll be referred to as the \u2018applicant\u2019 if you brought the case, for example you filed the divorce papers.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be known as the \u2018respondent\u2019 if you\u2019ve received divorce papers or a request for a separation, or a contact order or residence order for a child.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1250" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/represent-yourself-in-court", + "scenario": "I received a notice, notifying me that I am being sued for theft. Even after reading the documents provided I am still not entirely sure what they refer to. I am in a really rough financial situation and can not afford any type of legal assistance. I am aware I can defend myself in court but this seems really serious and I am terrified. Sadly at this point it might be my only option.", + "question": "Is there another option of legal defense I can look into?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "check if you can get legal aid", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may choose to do this because:

    ", + "
  • you cannot afford to pay legal fees
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re considering representing yourself because you cannot afford legal costs, check if you can get legal aid instead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1251" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permission-to-supply-a-large-goods-trailer-for-use-on-the-road", + "scenario": "We are trailer manufacturing company and our trailers were manufactured after 29th July 2013. We have an evidence of approval from IVA .", + "question": "Do we need permission?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • is for carrying goods and weighs more than 1020kg when it\u2019s not carrying any goods or other items (known as \u2018unladen weight\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • is a semi-trailer
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for permission if you supply large goods trailers for use on the road.

    ", + "

    You need a letter of consent if your trailer:

    ", + "
  • is for carrying goods and weighs more than 1020kg when it\u2019s not carrying any goods or other items (known as \u2018unladen weight\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • is a semi-trailer
    • ", + "

    You need to get permission if you\u2019re a \u2018final supplier\u2019 of trailers. Final suppliers are:

    ", + "
  • trailer manufacturers
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s an offence to supply or use these trailers without getting permission first and you could be fined.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1252" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permission-to-supply-a-large-goods-trailer-for-use-on-the-road", + "scenario": "We are trailer importers and our new trailers were not given permission to be in the roads and were not approved. We wish to make an application.", + "question": "Which forms can we use to apply?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "tes1", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Apply using form TES1.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1253" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permission-to-supply-a-large-goods-trailer-for-use-on-the-road", + "scenario": "we got a large lot of trailers on auction for a very good price. most of them are older trailers from the late nineties and the early 2000's but a few are from the mid 2010's.", + "question": "do i need to register my trailers ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "Trailers manufactured in a single stage | From 29 October 2012", + "Trailers manufactured in multiple stages | From 29 October 2013", + "Special purpose trailers | From 29 October 2014" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for permission if you supply large goods trailers for use on the road.

    ", + "Type of trailer | When you need permission", + "Trailers manufactured in a single stage | From 29 October 2012", + "Trailers manufactured in multiple stages | From 29 October 2013", + "Special purpose trailers | From 29 October 2014", + "

    It\u2019s an offence to supply or use these trailers without getting permission first and you could be fined.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re an operator using large goods trailers on the road supplied after the dates above, you do not need to get permission - it should already have been given.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1254" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permission-to-supply-a-large-goods-trailer-for-use-on-the-road", + "scenario": "we run two businesses: trailer manufacturing and transportation of goods. we have a fleet of both registered and unregistered trailers.", + "question": "can we be fined if we do not register our trailers ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • is for carrying goods and weighs more than 1020kg when it\u2019s not carrying any goods or other items (known as \u2018unladen weight\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • is a semi-trailer
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You do not need a letter of consent if your trailer is listed in Schedule 2 of the Goods Vehicle (Plating and Testing) Regulations.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for permission if you supply large goods trailers for use on the road.

    ", + "

    You need a letter of consent if your trailer:

    ", + "
  • is for carrying goods and weighs more than 1020kg when it\u2019s not carrying any goods or other items (known as \u2018unladen weight\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • is a semi-trailer
    • ", + "

    You do not need a letter of consent if your trailer is listed in Schedule 2 of the Goods Vehicle (Plating and Testing) Regulations.

    ", + "

    You need to get permission if you\u2019re a \u2018final supplier\u2019 of trailers. Final suppliers are:

    ", + "
  • trailer manufacturers
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s an offence to supply or use these trailers without getting permission first and you could be fined.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1255" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dla-disability-living-allowance-benefit", + "scenario": "I received a letter informing me that my DLA claim is ending. The letter also stated that I can now apply for Personal Independence Payments.", + "question": "How much time do I have to apply to the new scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "28 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your DLA is ending, you\u2019ll get a letter inviting you to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP). If you do apply, you\u2019ll need to do it within 28 days.

    ", + "

    DLA will continue to be paid until at least 28 days after a decision is made about your PIP application.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1256" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dla-disability-living-allowance-benefit", + "scenario": "After being in a car accident a few months back I lost the ability to walk. I was informed that I should apply for the Disability Living Allowance scheme to help my financial situation. I have been doing research on it and am not sure if the DLA is still the right thing for me to apply to.", + "question": "What scheme is replacing the DLA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "personal independence payment (pip)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Disability Living Allowance (DLA) is being replaced by Personal Independence Payment (PIP) for disabled people.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1257" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/courts", + "scenario": "Luke a 20 years old neighbor has been charged with drugs related offences,rape and robbery . The hearing will happen at the magistrates court.", + "question": "Will the case stay at Magistrates\u2019 courts or be passed to the crown court?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the crown court", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It can also deal with some of the more serious offences, such as:

    ", + "
  • burglary
    • ", + "
  • drugs offences
    • ", + "

    Magistrates\u2019 courts always pass the most serious crimes to the Crown Court, for example:

    ", + "
  • rape
    • ", + "
  • robbery
    • ", + "

    A Crown Court deals with serious criminal cases, for example:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1258" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/courts", + "scenario": "My neighbor's 26years old son was charged with robbery with violence. He was taken into custody. His case will be heard at the crowns court.", + "question": "What are some of the sentences can a crown court give?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "community sentences", + [] + ], + [ + "prison sentences - including life sentences", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • robbery
    • ", + "

    A Crown Court deals with serious criminal cases, for example:

    ", + "

    A Crown Court can give a range of sentences including:

    ", + "
  • community sentences
    • ", + "
  • prison sentences - including life sentences
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1259" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seat-belts-law", + "scenario": "i have a dificult pregnancy and as a result my doctor has recommended that i do not wear a seatbelt when in a vehicle.", + "question": "do i have to wear a seatbelt while pregnant ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your doctor may say you don\u2019t have to wear a seat belt for a medical reason. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018Certificate of Exemption from Compulsory Seat Belt Wearing\u2019. You must:

    ", + "

    You must wear a seat belt if you\u2019re pregnant, unless your doctor says you don\u2019t have to for medical reasons.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1260" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seat-belts-law", + "scenario": "i received a \u00a3500 fine because my eleven year old child was not in a car seat. the child was however wearing their seatbelt.", + "question": "can i receive a fine if my child is not in a car seat ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must make sure that any children in the vehicle you\u2019re driving are:

    ", + "
  • in the correct car seat for their height or weight until they reach 135 centimetres tall or their 12th birthday, whichever is first
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a3500 if a child under 14 isn\u2019t in the correct car seat or wearing a seat belt while you\u2019re driving.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1261" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/provide-driving-tests-for-your-employees", + "scenario": "I am a 21 year old female and am applying to join the police force. I do not, however, have a driving licence of any sort and have never even taken lessons.", + "question": "Will I be taught to drive during my training?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1262" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/provide-driving-tests-for-your-employees", + "scenario": "I run a haulage company and we are thinking of recruiting some new staff. Whilst we would obvious prefer people who already have a HGV licence we would not rule out hiring inexperienced drivers", + "question": "would it be possible for us to train unqualified drivers ourselves?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • complete an initial training course
    • ", + "
  • reach an appropriate standard in the delegated driving examiner theory and practical tests
    • ", + "

    You must email the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get permission to provide driving tests.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to DVSA for permission for your own staff to provide driving tests for your employees if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • bus or haulage operating licence holder
    • ", + "

    Your staff providing driving tests will be known as \u2018delegated driving examiners\u2019.

    ", + "

    Delegated driving examiners are allowed to provide theory and practical driving tests for drivers of:

    ", + "
  • lorries
    • ", + "

    Your employees must then:

    ", + "
  • complete an initial training course
    • ", + "
  • reach an appropriate standard in the delegated driving examiner theory and practical tests
    • ", + "

    You must email the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get permission to provide driving tests.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1263" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/courts", + "scenario": "My fifteen year old son was recently arrested for shoplifting and the store owner is pressing charges. We have been unable to find out any further information as to what is likely to happen.", + "question": "Will my son be brought before a jury?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A youth court is a special type of magistrates\u2019 court for people aged between 10 and 17.

    ", + "

    There is not a jury in a youth court.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1264" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/courts", + "scenario": "I was arrested for a minor assault (fight with a friend) recently and apparently will have to appear before a magistrate soon. I am really worried about this as I do not want to ruin my future.", + "question": "What is the possible prison sentence for me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 6 months in prison", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The court can give punishments including:

    ", + "
  • up to 6 months in prison (or up to 12 months in total for more than one offence)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1265" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-online", + "scenario": "I am a small business owner and have just started my business. We are just about to hire our first employee and I am getting set up to pay the required income taxes. I initially registered as an employer with HMRC using a paper form.", + "question": "Can I access PAYE online?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Most new employers get a login when they register as an employer online. If you do not have a login because you registered in a different way you\u2019ll need to enrol for PAYE Online separately.

    ", + "

    You only need to enrol separately for HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) PAYE Online service if you did not get a login when you registered as an employer - this is usually because you did not register online.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1266" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-attendance-absence", + "scenario": "Me my husband and my 12 year old went on a holiday last month. Now that are back I was contacted by his school, letting me know that I can not take my kid on a holiday without their permission and that they might request that I be issued a fine for my actions. I did tell my son to let his home room teacher know that we will be gone.", + "question": "What are the possible punishment for this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a parenting order", + [] + ], + [ + "an education supervision order", + [] + ], + [ + "a school attendance order", + [] + ], + [ + "a fine", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have to get permission from the head teacher if you want to take your child out of school during term time.

    ", + "

    You can be fined for taking your child on holiday during term time without the school\u2019s permission.

    ", + "

    Local councils and schools can use various legal powers if your child is missing school without a good reason. They can give you:

    ", + "
  • a Parenting Order
    • ", + "
  • an Education Supervision Order
    • ", + "
  • a School Attendance Order
    • ", + "
  • a fine (sometimes known as a \u2018penalty notice\u2019)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1267" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-attendance-absence", + "scenario": "Apparently my kid has been missing classes almost daily and I have somehow missed out on this fact. I dropped him off at school every morning, thinking that he attends all of his classes but apparently that is not the case. Today without any previous notice I received a parenting order informing me that I have to improve my child's school attendance and what I need to do.", + "question": "What should I do with a parenting order?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "go to parenting classes", + [] + ], + [ + "do what the court says to improve your child\u2019s school attendance", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Local councils and schools can use various legal powers if your child is missing school without a good reason. They can give you:

    ", + "
  • a Parenting Order
    • ", + "

    This means you have to go to parenting classes. You\u2019ll also have to do what the court says to improve your child\u2019s school attendance.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1268" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contaminated-land", + "scenario": "My father wants to buy land in the countryside to build a family home. He got a nice offer of land which was previously a landfill.", + "question": "Can this count as a contaminated land?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Land is legally defined as \u2018contaminated land\u2019 where substances are causing or could cause:

    ", + "
  • significant pollution of surface waters (for example lakes and rivers) or groundwater
    • ", + "

    Contaminated land may previously have been used as a:

    ", + "
  • landfill
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1269" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contaminated-land", + "scenario": "My friend wanted to buy a piece of idle land in England but after inspection . He realized that the land was contaminated and reported to the council.", + "question": "What will the council do when they find out that a land is contaminated?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "decide how the land should be dealt with", + [] + ], + [ + "ask the responsible person to deal with the contamination", + [] + ], + [ + "tell them how they should take care of it", + [] + ], + [ + "send a \u2018remediation notice\u2019", + [ + "

    If the person doesn\u2019t deal with the contamination, the council or agency will send a \u2018remediation notice\u2019, telling them when they must take care of it by.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The council or agency will then decide who\u2019s responsible for dealing with it instead. This may be the landowner, or the person who uses the land.

    ", + "

    The council or agency will:

    ", + "
  • decide how the land should be dealt with
    • ", + "
  • ask the responsible person to deal with the contamination
    • ", + "
  • tell them how they should take care of it (clean it up or fence it off, for example)
    • ", + "

    If the person doesn\u2019t deal with the contamination, the council or agency will send a \u2018remediation notice\u2019, telling them when they must take care of it by.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1270" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charged-crime", + "scenario": "my twelve year old daughter was recently caught shoplifting along with her friends and she is now in police custody.", + "question": "will my twelve year old daughter have to go to court ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re charged with a minor offence your case could be decided without going to court (\u2018single justice procedure\u2019). If you get a single justice procedure notice you must respond within 21 days.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re charged with a minor offence your case could be decided without going to court (\u2018single justice procedure\u2019). If you get a single justice procedure notice you must respond within 21 days.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 18, your first hearing will usually be at a youth court.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 17, the police must arrange for you to be held in local authority accommodation, if possible, before you go to court.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re aged 12 to 16, the police can decide to keep you at the police station if they think it will protect the public.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1271" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charged-crime", + "scenario": "my husband was charged with a hit and run. he was denied bail because he did not stick to the terms of his previous bail.", + "question": "Is it likely my husband will get a bail?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019re unlikely to be given bail if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given bail in the past and not stuck to the terms
    • ", + "

    You will probably be put on remand if:

    ", + "
  • you have been given bail before and not stuck to the terms
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1272" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/night-working-hours", + "scenario": "Good morning. i am working from 8pm to 2 am in. my job at a club. I am paid the minimum wage for this.", + "question": "Am i entitled to a higher rate of pay due to working in the night?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The National Minimum Wage applies to night workers but there is not a higher night working rate.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1273" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/night-working-hours", + "scenario": "I run an all night garage and I am told i need to have health assessments for my staff. Not a problem as I guess it's for the best.", + "question": "What form do these assessments take?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a questionnaire", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The assessment must be written by a qualified health professional. It can be a questionnaire.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1274" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taxi-driver-licence", + "scenario": "I work as a taxi driver in London and my taxi driving license is about to expire. I can't stop working because it's my source of income.", + "question": "Whom can i contact inorder to renew my licence?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "transport for london (tfl)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to apply to Transport for London (TfL) to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV).

    ", + "

    TfL will send you a renewal form before your current taxi or PHV driver\u2019s licence expires.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1275" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-different-qualification-levels-mean", + "scenario": "I am a non UK national and I would like to apply for a Nursing job in the U.K. I am a registered healthcare professional and I want to compare my country's qualifications with the U.K. standards.", + "question": "Is there a link which i can follow?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1276" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/becoming-a-speed-limiter-centre", + "scenario": "I am a franchised car dealer and service centre for a major motor manufacturer, who is recognised as a speed limiter sponsor by the DVSA. I wish to add speed limiter installation to the list of services offered by my on-site workshop.", + "question": "Can the vehicle manufacturer approve me for this directly, or do I need to apply to the DVSA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact the sponsors of your vehicle dealership to ask them if you can become a sponsored speed limiter centre.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll receive an authorisation letter from your sponsor if they approve you as a sponsored speed limiter centre.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1277" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/becoming-a-speed-limiter-centre", + "scenario": "I run an independent (non-franchised) vehicle service and maintenance centre, which also offers MOT Testing onsite. I am interested in offering speed limiter installation to some of my larger fleet customers.", + "question": "Are there other possible ways to become an independent speed limiter centre other than applying to the DVSA ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you want to become a speed limiter centre, you\u2019ll need to get either:

    ", + "
  • approval from the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become an independent centre
    • ", + "
  • sponsored by a DVSA approved vehicle or speed limiter maker
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1278" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/business-asset-disposal-relief", + "scenario": "i have owned my business for one and a half years. i recently got an offer to sell some stake in the business which i am seriously considering.", + "question": "do i qualify for tax relief when i sell a part of my business ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to pay less Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) all or part of your business.

    ", + "

    To qualify for relief, both of the following must apply for at least 2 years up to the date you sell your business:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a sole trader or business partner
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve owned the business for at least 2 years
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1279" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-child-or-partners-student-finance-application", + "scenario": "My son wants to join a UK university and I want to help him apply for student finance. I need to submit my house income details.", + "question": "What does household income consists of?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you", + [] + ], + [ + "your partner", + [ + "
  • your partner, if you live with them (even if you were not living with them during the previous tax year)
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "income your child gets from their own savings, investments or property", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your household income is the combined income of:

    ", + "
  • you
    • ", + "
  • your partner, if you live with them (even if you were not living with them during the previous tax year)
    • ", + "
  • income your child gets from their own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1280" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-child-or-partners-student-finance-application", + "scenario": "My partner is doing her Bachelor in business administration. Previously my income would have meant that she would not be eligible for student finance but it is looking like my income for the current year will be over 20% less.", + "question": "Can I use the predicted figures on the application form?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • If your income this tax year will be at least 15% less you can give your income details for the current tax year instead.
    • ", + "

    You can give your details for the current tax year if you think your household income will be at least 15% lower than the tax year you\u2019ve been asked to provide details for.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a current year income assessment if you think your household income this tax year will be at least 15% lower than the year you\u2019ve been asked to give details about.

    ", + "

    Your total estimated household income for the full current tax year must be at least 15% lower than for a previous tax year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1281" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-to-do-if-your-vehicle-has-been-stolen", + "scenario": "I bought my first car only three weeks ago and made the mistake of lending it to an acquaintance. They are refusing to return it to me now and I am furious. I am wary of contacting the police, however, unless I really have to.", + "question": "What is the best recource for me in these circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "tell the police and your insurance company straight away", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tell the police and your insurance company straight away if your vehicle has been stolen.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1282" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-to-do-if-your-vehicle-has-been-stolen", + "scenario": "My car was stolen three months ago and I despair of ever having it returned to me. I had a personalised numberplate for which I paid a lot of money. I can get the car refunded through my insurance but I do not know if it covers my numberplate.", + "question": "Can I get a new numberplate through my insurer?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1283" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-preventing-discrimination", + "scenario": "We are a job recruitment agency based in the U.K. and would like to undertake a recruitment drive for our clients next month.", + "question": "What are the questions you can ask a job applicant about their disability?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "there are necessary requirements of the job that cannot be met with reasonable adjustments", + [] + ], + [ + "you\u2019re finding out if someone needs help to take part in a selection test or interview", + [] + ], + [ + "you\u2019re using \u2018positive action\u2019 to recruit a disabled person", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must not ask candidates about \u2018protected characteristics\u2019 or whether they:

    ", + "
  • are married, single or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • have children or plan to have children
    • ", + "

    You can only ask about health or disability if:

    ", + "
  • there are necessary requirements of the job that cannot be met with reasonable adjustments
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re finding out if someone needs help to take part in a selection test or interview
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re using \u2018positive action\u2019 to recruit a disabled person
    • ", + "

    You can only ask for someone\u2019s date of birth on an application form if they must be a certain age to do the job, for example selling alcohol.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1284" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-preventing-discrimination", + "scenario": "My friend Morrison owns a pub and has employed most of his relatives and close family members. He finds it easy to trust his related employees.", + "question": "What are the things he must do to avoid discriminations?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "avoid special treatment in terms of pay, promotion and working conditions", + [] + ], + [ + "make sure tax and national insurance contributions are done correctly", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you hire members of your family you must:

    ", + "
  • avoid special treatment in terms of pay, promotion and working conditions
    • ", + "
  • make sure tax and National Insurance contributions are done correctly
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1285" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maximum-weekly-working-hours", + "scenario": "i opted out of the 48 hour week because money was tight and i needed the extra money. now things have settled down and i'd like to spend more time with my family.", + "question": "how long notice to give if I opt back in to the 48 hour work week ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "7 days", + [] + ], + [ + "up to 3 months", + [ + "

    You must give your employer at least 7 days\u2019 notice. You may have to give more notice (up to 3 months) if you have a written opt-out agreement.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can cancel your opt-out agreement whenever you want - even if it\u2019s part of your employment contract.

    ", + "

    You must give your employer at least 7 days\u2019 notice. You may have to give more notice (up to 3 months) if you have a written opt-out agreement.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1286" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maximum-weekly-working-hours", + "scenario": "the high season for certain kinds of fish we catch has come round and we are being asked to work more than 48 hours a week.", + "question": "can an employer force me to work for more than 48 hours a week ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    This means you can work more than 48 hours one week, as long as the average over 17 weeks is less than 48 hours a week.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can\u2019t work more than 48 hours a week on average - normally averaged over 17 weeks. This law is sometimes called the \u2018working time directive\u2019 or \u2018working time regulations\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can choose to work more by opting out of the 48-hour week.

    ", + "

    You may have to work more than 48 hours a week on average if you work in a job:

    ", + "
  • as a seafarer, sea-fisherman or worker on vessels on inland waterways
    • ", + "

    This means you can work more than 48 hours one week, as long as the average over 17 weeks is less than 48 hours a week.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1287" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/specialist-tests-for-coaches-and-buses", + "scenario": "I own a tour company that offers coach tours through the UK. These tours start in London and go to many sites across the UK, the itinerary is chosen by the customers. We own 30 coaches.", + "question": "What tests to I need to complete to drive my coaches in London?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a low emissions certificate test", + [ + "
  • was registered in the UK before 1 October 2006
    • ", + "
  • is fitted with a full filter to Low Emission Zone emissions standards
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a Low Emission Certificate for a vehicle with a Euro 4, 5 or 6 engine.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are extra tests coaches and buses may need to take to:

    ", + "
  • qualify for free entrance to the London Low Emission Zone (LEZ) by getting a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC)
    • ", + "

    You can get your vehicle tested for a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC). This lets you drive in the Low Emission Zone (LEZ) without paying.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle can be tested for a Low Emissions Certificate if it:

    ", + "
  • was registered in the UK before 1 October 2006
    • ", + "
  • is fitted with a full filter to Low Emission Zone emissions standards
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a Low Emission Certificate for a vehicle with a Euro 4, 5 or 6 engine.

    ", + "

    Book a Low Emissions Certificate test

    " + ], + "id": "train-1288" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/specialist-tests-for-coaches-and-buses", + "scenario": "I have purchased an old school bus to use as a private hire vehicle for large groups. To improve customer safety, I have had seatbelts installed on all 45 seats. The bus was first registered in 1999.", + "question": "Do the newly installed seatbelts require testing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are extra tests coaches and buses may need to take to:

    ", + "
  • meet seat belt safety rules
    • ", + "

    If your vehicle has additional seat belts fitted beyond those required by law, it must be tested if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s a private passenger vehicle with more than 8 passenger seats and was first used on or after 1 October 2001
    • ", + "

    Private passenger vehicles registered before 1 October 2001 are exempt.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1289" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maximum-weekly-working-hours", + "scenario": "I work in a local grocery store and lately we have been understaffed. My boss is putting pressure on me to work up to sixty hours a week and I really do not want to do this but he will not listen.", + "question": "Is it legal for him to make me work these hours?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can\u2019t work more than 48 hours a week on average - normally averaged over 17 weeks. This law is sometimes called the \u2018working time directive\u2019 or \u2018working time regulations\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can choose to work more by opting out of the 48-hour week.

    ", + "

    You can choose to work more than 48 hours a week on average if you\u2019re over 18. This is called \u2018opting out\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your employer can ask you to opt out, but you can\u2019t be sacked or treated unfairly for refusing to do so.

    ", + "

    You can cancel your opt-out agreement whenever you want - even if it\u2019s part of your employment contract.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1290" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maximum-weekly-working-hours", + "scenario": "I am a twenty five year old single mother and money is very tight for me. My mother is prepared to babysit whilst I work three part time jobs. I often end up working nearly sixty hours per week however", + "question": "How do I opt out of the 48 hour week?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "sign an opt-out agreement", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you work more than 48 hours on average, you can either:

    ", + "
  • sign an opt-out agreement
    • ", + "

    You can choose to work more than 48 hours a week on average if you\u2019re over 18. This is called \u2018opting out\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1291" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bail-immigration-detainees", + "scenario": "My friend Jack is a paskistan national,has been held in immigration detention after being found working illegally in the U.K. He has no past criminal records or applied for any past immigration bail. I will offer him somewhere to stay.", + "question": "Can he apply for an immigration bail?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Your application is also more likely to succeed if you have at least one \u2018Financial Condition Supporter\u2019. This is a person who:

    ", + "

    You\u2019re more likely to get bail if you have a place to stay.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • have a criminal record, and there\u2019s a risk you might reoffend
    • ", + "
  • have broken bail conditions in the past
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for immigration bail if the Home Office is holding you on immigration matters. This means you might be released from detention but you\u2019ll have to obey at least one condition.

    ", + "

    You can apply whether you\u2019re held in an immigration removal centre, a detention centre or a prison. You must be held on immigration matters.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re more likely to get bail if you have a place to stay.

    ", + "

    Your application is also more likely to succeed if you have at least one \u2018Financial Condition Supporter\u2019. This is a person who:

    ", + "

    You may find it harder to get bail if you:

    ", + "
  • have broken bail conditions in the past
    • ", + "
  • have a criminal record, and there\u2019s a risk you might reoffend
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1292" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-different-qualification-levels-mean", + "scenario": "I will be graduating with a bachelor's degree in Computer Science this Summer. While I was browsing for a job position for after university I saw that they require a Level 7 qualification.", + "question": "Do I meet the requirements for this job position?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Level 7 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • integrated master\u2019s degree, for example master of engineering (MEng)
    • ", + "
  • level 7 award
    • ", + "
  • level 7 certificate
    • ", + "
  • level 7 diploma
    • ", + "
  • level 7 NVQ
    • ", + "
  • master\u2019s degree, for example master of arts (MA), master of science (MSc)
    • ", + "
  • postgraduate certificate
    • ", + "
  • postgraduate certificate in education (PGCE)
    • ", + "
  • postgraduate diploma
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1293" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-different-qualification-levels-mean", + "scenario": "I got the grades from my GCSEs yesterday. And for the most part I barely got Cs. A friend told me that such low grade does not even count as a Level 2 qualification, but instead as a Level 1 qualification.", + "question": "What level of qualification are my C graded GCSEs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "level 2", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Level 2 qualifications are:

    ", + "
  • GCSE - grades 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 or grades A*, A, B, C
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1294" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/selling-your-business-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I have been running my software development company as a sole trader for about 5 years now. The business has greatly expanded over the years and I have turned my dream into reality. Since I have an idea for an entirely new product I plan on launching an entirely new company. A business friend of mine has expressed interested in buying my current venture along with all of its assets. The company has been VAT registered for a few years now.", + "question": "Do I have to cancel my VAT registration?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use the online form to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve sold your business. It covers both Self Assessment and National Insurance.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re registered for VAT, you may be able to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1295" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/selling-your-business-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I have been operating a small sticker printing business from a single location in my city. I am registered as a sole trader. Me and my 2 employees design, print, sell the stickers online and ship them through post. The past year has been really hard on the business and we have barely been able to turn any profit. I was approached by one of our competitors who is interested in buying the business off of me.", + "question": "Do I need to inform my employees who I am selling the business to?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you sell your business, you have legal responsibilities to staff you employ. You must also finalise your business\u2019 tax affairs.

    ", + "

    If you have anyone working for you, you must tell them:

    ", + "
  • when and why you\u2019re selling the business
    • ", + "
  • about redundancy terms or relocation packages, if necessary
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1296" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dla-disability-living-allowance-benefit", + "scenario": "I am twenty five and have cerebal palsy. I have been on DLA since I was eighteen. I am able to work part time but would not be able to cope with full time work. I am worried that my DLA might end soon.", + "question": "What do I do if it ends?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "apply for personal independence payment (pip)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you already get DLA, your claim might end. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you when this will happen and how you can apply for PIP.

    ", + "

    If you were born after 8 April 1948, your DLA will end. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you when that will happen. You\u2019ll continue to get DLA until that date.

    ", + "

    If your DLA is ending, you\u2019ll get a letter inviting you to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP). If you do apply, you\u2019ll need to do it within 28 days.

    ", + "

    DLA will continue to be paid until at least 28 days after a decision is made about your PIP application.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re eligible for PIP, you\u2019ll start getting PIP payments as soon as your DLA payments end.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1297" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dla-disability-living-allowance-benefit", + "scenario": "I am seventy years old and for the last three years have been having increasing problems with my mobility. I now use a walking stick to walk and cannot manage to walk any significant distance.", + "question": "Do my mobility problems entitle me to DLA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Disability Living Allowance (DLA) is being replaced by Personal Independence Payment (PIP) for disabled people.

    ", + "

    You can only apply for DLA if you\u2019re under 16. You can apply for:

    ", + "
  • Attendance Allowance if you\u2019re State Pension age or older and do not get DLA
    • ", + "

    You can no longer apply for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) if you\u2019re 16 or over. You might be able to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) instead.

    ", + "

    You might get the mobility component of DLA if, when using your normal aid, you:

    ", + "
  • cannot walk
    • ", + "
  • can only walk a short distance without severe discomfort
    • ", + "
  • could become very ill if you try to walk
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1298" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-university-award-degree", + "scenario": "My son has passed his A levels and would like to pursue a Bachelor of Music at Birmingham University and would like to know if they offer such a course.", + "question": "Where can he get information about the recognized higher learning instituitions?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the list of recognised bodies", + [] + ], + [ + "email the office for students - providerverification@officeforstudents.org.uk.", + [] + ], + [ + "speaking to your university or college", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your degree will be officially recognised if it\u2019s either:

    ", + "
  • awarded by an institution on the list of recognised bodies
    • ", + "
  • on the list of recognised awards
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not sure who awards your degree after speaking to your university or college, who you contact depends on where you study in the UK.

    ", + "

    Email the Office for Students - providerverification@officeforstudents.org.uk.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1299" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-university-award-degree", + "scenario": "My friend is pursuing a master in Horticulture in the U.K. and would like to know the body which gives such awards.", + "question": "Which UK body gives Horticulture master awards to students?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "royal horticultural society", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Certain bodies or institutions can award their own unique degrees. These are known as \u2018recognised awards\u2019.

    ", + "Master of Horticulture | Royal Horticultural Society" + ], + "id": "train-1300" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-to-do-if-your-vehicle-has-been-stolen", + "scenario": "My friend's car has been stolen and she wants to call the police. She can recall the place where the car was parked.", + "question": "What other information should she have before making a police call?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "registration number", + [] + ], + [ + "make and model", + [] + ], + [ + "colour", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tell the police and your insurance company straight away if your vehicle has been stolen.

    ", + "

    Make sure you have your vehicle\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • registration number
    • ", + "
  • make and model
    • ", + "
  • colour
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1301" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-to-do-if-your-vehicle-has-been-stolen", + "scenario": "My brother's car was stolen and he no longer owns it. He reported to the DVLA and he is concerned about the vehicle tax bill.", + "question": "Will he keep on paying vehicle tax bill?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your vehicle tax will be cancelled by DVLA once you tell them you no longer own your vehicle. If you pay by Direct Debit, the Direct Debit will be cancelled automatically.

    ", + "

    You must apply for a refund instead if your vehicle had a personalised registration number that you want to keep.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll automatically get a refund cheque for any full months left on your vehicle tax. The refund is calculated from the date DVLA gets your information. The cheque is sent to the name and address on the vehicle log book.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1302" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mot-tester-training-assessments", + "scenario": "My brother wants to be a qualified MOT tester for both group A and B vehicles.He wants to do MOT training and annual assessments.", + "question": "Are there course providers he can book a course with?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can also book a training course through one of these providers:

    ", + "
  • ABC Awards
    • ", + "
  • City & Guilds
    • ", + "
  • Institute of the Motor Industry
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1303" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mot-tester-training-assessments", + "scenario": "I have done online MOT annual assessment test with the Institute of motor Industry which was only 30 multiple choice questions.", + "question": "What is the passmark for July 2021?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "80%", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The pass mark for 1 May 2021 to 31 March 2022 is 80%.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1304" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charged-crime", + "scenario": "I an eighteen and in a moment of madness committed an act of shoplifting and was caught. I was arrested and taken to the police station to be charged and now have to face a magistrate.", + "question": "Will I be given bail whilst I wait for my hearing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you\u2019ve been convicted of a serious crime in the past
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given bail in the past and not stuck to the terms
    • ", + "
  • the police think you may not turn up for your hearing
    • ", + "
  • the police think you might commit a crime while you\u2019re on bail
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019re unlikely to be given bail if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been convicted of a serious crime in the past
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been given bail in the past and not stuck to the terms
    • ", + "
  • the police think you may not turn up for your hearing
    • ", + "
  • the police think you might commit a crime while you\u2019re on bail
    • ", + "

    You will probably be put on remand if:

    ", + "
  • you have been convicted of a serious crime in the past
    • ", + "
  • the police think you may not go to your court hearing
    • ", + "
  • the police think you may commit another crime while on bail
    • ", + "
  • you have been given bail before and not stuck to the terms
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1305" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charged-crime", + "scenario": "My fifteen year old son was recently arrested and charged for criminal damage after he and his friends vandalised a phone booth. I am worried about the implications for his future.", + "question": "What are the special accomodation when a young person is convicted of a crime?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you will be taken to a secure centre for young people, not an adult prison", + [] + ], + [ + "your first hearing will usually be at a youth court.", + [] + ], + [ + "the police can decide to keep you at the police station", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re aged 12 to 16, the police can decide to keep you at the police station if they think it will protect the public.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "the police must arrange for you to be held in local authority accommodation", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re under 18, your first hearing will usually be at a youth court.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 17, the police must arrange for you to be held in local authority accommodation, if possible, before you go to court.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re aged 12 to 16, the police can decide to keep you at the police station if they think it will protect the public.

    ", + "

    If you are under 18 you will be taken to a secure centre for young people, not an adult prison.

    ", + "

    You will probably be put on remand if:

    ", + "
  • you have been charged with a serious crime, for example armed robbery
    • ", + "
  • the police think you may commit another crime while on bail
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1306" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-trainer-standards-check", + "scenario": "I am a registered motorcycle trainer and am three years into my registration. So far, I have not completed a standards check.", + "question": "How often do I need to complete a standards check?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "each 4-year period", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You should take at least one standards check during each 4-year period that you\u2019re registered as a motorcycle trainer. You do not have to pay for the check.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1307" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-trainer-standards-check", + "scenario": "I currently do not have a motorcycle license, however I am considering taking the CBT. I want to choose an instructor and want to know what standards they have too meet.", + "question": "How are instructors graded during their assesments?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "they\u2019ll follow guidance for carrying out the check and mark you on 17 areas of competence", + [] + ], + [ + "you\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to give a total score.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standard for driver and rider training.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll follow guidance for carrying out the check and mark you on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into 3 categories:

    ", + "
  • lesson planning
    • ", + "
  • risk management
    • ", + "
  • teaching and learning skills
    • ", + "

    The 17 areas of competence are listed in the motorcycle trainer standards check form, which the examiner will fill in during your check.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to give a total score.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1308" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taxi-driver-licence", + "scenario": "I am thirty and want to have a career change. It has been suggested to me that I get a taxi licence and become a driver. I do not know what the legal procedure is though. I live in Birmingham", + "question": "In what way can I qualify as a taxi driver?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a medical examination", + [ + "
  • be able to work legally in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have held a full GB or Northern Ireland driving licence - or a full EU driving licence - for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • a medical examination
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018knowledge\u2019 test
    • ", + "
  • to take a driving test
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "be able to work legally in the uk", + [] + ], + [ + "have held a full gb or northern ireland driving licence - or a full eu driving licence - for at least 12 months", + [] + ], + [ + "a \u2018knowledge\u2019 test", + [] + ], + [ + "to take a driving test", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need a licence to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle.

    ", + "

    There are different ways for you apply depending on whether you\u2019ll operate:

    ", + "
  • outside London
    • ", + "

    You must apply to your local council for a licence to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV).

    ", + "

    To apply you must:

    ", + "
  • be able to work legally in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have held a full GB or Northern Ireland driving licence - or a full EU driving licence - for at least 12 months
    • ", + "

    You may also need:

    ", + "
  • a medical examination
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018knowledge\u2019 test
    • ", + "
  • to take a driving test
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1309" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taxi-driver-licence", + "scenario": "I am 25 and live in London. All of my life I have had the ambition of being a black cab driver and I already know a good deal about London's streets and landmarks.", + "question": "Is there a difference between a London driver's licence and an ordinary one?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need a licence to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle.

    ", + "

    There are different ways for you apply depending on whether you\u2019ll operate:

    ", + "
  • outside London
    • ", + "
  • inside London
    • ", + "

    You must apply to your local council for a licence to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV).

    ", + "

    You need to apply to Transport for London (TfL) to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1310" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-suspicious-emails-websites-phishing", + "scenario": "I am self employed and file a tax return as a sole trader. I have received a text message with a link in it purportedly from HMRC.", + "question": "How can I discover if this is genuine or a scam?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "check hmrc\u2019s guidance on recognising scams", + [] + ], + [ + "search on gov.uk to find official government services and phone numbers", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Search on GOV.UK to find official government services and phone numbers, for example if you want to apply to the DVLA for a driving licence.

    ", + "

    Check HMRC\u2019s guidance on recognising scams if you\u2019re not sure.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1311" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-suspicious-emails-websites-phishing", + "scenario": "I am a UK citizen but keep receiving suspicious texts about my visa application in the UK. I believe them to be a scam.", + "question": "Can I report these to an authority?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Report misleading websites, emails, phone numbers, phone calls or text messages you think may be suspicious.

    ", + "

    This will report the message to your mobile phone provider.

    ", + "

    You can also report suspicious emails, letters or telephone calls to the police through Action Fraud.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1312" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/esdal-and-abnormal-loads", + "scenario": "I need to move a large pice of mining equipment from Derby to Yorkshire. It weighs about 60 tonnes and is quite wide.", + "question": "Does this constitute an abnormal load?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    An \u2018abnormal load\u2019 is a vehicle that has any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a weight of more than 44,000kg
    • ", + "
  • a width of more than 2.9 metres
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1313" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/esdal-and-abnormal-loads", + "scenario": "We have an abnormal load that we are shifting 8 miles from my yard to its work site. I am aware i need to get permissions.", + "question": "Whoi needs to be notified about this abnormal load?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the police", + [] + ], + [ + "highway authorities", + [] + ], + [ + "bridge and structure owners like network rail", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Depending on the load you\u2019re moving and your route, you may need to give advance warning to:

    ", + "
  • the police
    • ", + "
  • highway authorities
    • ", + "
  • bridge and structure owners like Network Rail
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1314" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-child-or-partners-student-finance-application", + "scenario": "Me my husband and our son live together. My son will be off to university next year and me and his father want to support his student loan application since we will not be able to afford to pay in full. My son has a small income he makes online, while me and his dad work in a law firm.", + "question": "Does the combined household income include the income of my son?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your household income is the combined income of:

    ", + "
  • you
    • ", + "
  • your partner, if you live with them (even if you were not living with them during the previous tax year)
    • ", + "
  • income your child gets from their own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1315" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-child-or-partners-student-finance-application", + "scenario": "My and my wife helped our daughter apply for her student finance as she is about to be a first year student. She informed us a bit late on the matter and there are only 8 weeks until she begins her first semester.", + "question": "How long will it take for our application to be reviewed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 2 weeks", + [ + "

    It can take up to 6 weeks to review your evidence.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "up to 6 weeks", + [ + "

    It can take up to 6 weeks to review your evidence.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will check that the information you\u2019ve provided matches their records. This will usually take up to 2 weeks.

    ", + "

    It can take up to 6 weeks to review your evidence.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1316" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-accommodation", + "scenario": "I am an employer at a hostel at St. Just Cornwall. My staff will earn the minimum wage and they can stay at the hosel for no charge.", + "question": "What can I reduce the daily pay by and still meet the minimum wage?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a38.36", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Year | Daily accommodation offset rate | Weekly accommodation offset rate", + "April 2021 (current rate) | \u00a38.36 | \u00a358.52", + "

    If the accommodation is free, it still affects the minimum wage. There is an offset rate of \u00a38.36 per day for this.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1317" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-accommodation", + "scenario": "I am an employee at a farm in Lincolnshire. My employer provides workers with accommodation at the farm. My hourly wage is \u00a35.08/hour (less than the National Minimum Wage).", + "question": "Could my wage of \u00a35.08/hour still be in compliance with the minimum wage?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Accommodation provided by an employer can be taken into account when calculating the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.

    ", + "

    This effect of accommodation rates on the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage depends on how much an employer charges for accommodation.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s calculated by \u2018pay period\u2019, the intervals at which someone is being paid. This can be weekly, monthly or in irregular intervals like every 10 days.

    ", + "

    If the accommodation is free, it still affects the minimum wage. There is an offset rate of \u00a38.36 per day for this.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1318" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/selling-your-business-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I am a sole business trader and I have been affected by the covid pandemic due to low sales and lack of clients. I have decided to close the business.", + "question": "What are the things i should discuss with my staffs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "when and why you\u2019re selling the business", + [] + ], + [ + "about redundancy terms or relocation packages, if necessary", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you sell your business, you have legal responsibilities to staff you employ. You must also finalise your business\u2019 tax affairs.

    ", + "

    If you have anyone working for you, you must tell them:

    ", + "
  • when and why you\u2019re selling the business
    • ", + "
  • about redundancy terms or relocation packages, if necessary
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1319" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/selling-your-business-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I have sold the whole of my business partnership and I have gained some money after the sale. I want to report the gains to the HMRC.", + "question": "What are the possible ways to reduce the amount i will be paying as capital gain tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "claiming entrepreneurs\u2019 relief", + [] + ], + [ + "claim other reliefs", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1320" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-goods-out-uk-temporarily", + "scenario": "My friend Charlie is a computer engineer based in the UK and wants to take several laptops to India to do a computer training program for 3 months in a private academy.", + "question": "Does he need to take a ATA Carnet?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need permission to temporarily move or export goods outside the UK, for example if you take sales samples to a trade show.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking goods to another country temporarily for business reasons and you think you\u2019ll be over the duty free limit, you can usually get an ATA Carnet to avoid paying duty. This includes things like:

    ", + "
  • equipment you need for work like laptops, cameras or sound equipment
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1321" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-goods-out-uk-temporarily", + "scenario": "My aunt lives in Canada and has a chronic mental illness and is under anti psychotic controlled drugs treatment. She wishes to travel to the UK for a family visit and carry her medicine.", + "question": "What does he need to show that she is on such drugs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "temporary licences", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Check if your goods are controlled and you need a licence.

    ", + "

    Temporary licences are available for some types of controlled goods, for example:

    ", + "
  • controlled drugs for personal use
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1322" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/esdal-and-abnormal-loads", + "scenario": "I am a British haulage company owner and I have been asked for the first time to transport an abormal load. I have to admit that I have no experience with this sort of thing but do not want to turn down a lucrative contract.", + "question": "What are the regulations I need to follow?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "read the factsheet for notice requirements", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re responsible for transporting an abnormal load, you need to follow regulations for notifying the authorities.

    ", + "

    You can use Highways England\u2019s electronic service delivery for abnormal loads (ESDAL) to:

    ", + "
  • notify the police, highways and bridge authorities of your abnormal load movements around the road network
    • ", + "

    If you do not use ESDAL you must fill in an abnormal loads movement application form.

    ", + "

    Read the factsheet for notice requirements.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1323" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/esdal-and-abnormal-loads", + "scenario": "I run a mid sized fleet of lorries and next month have been contracted to take an abnormally large load over to the continent. I have been told that there is a lot of paperwork involved in this.", + "question": "What sort of things do I need to do to ensure that my transportation is legal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "notify the police, highways and bridge authorities", + [] + ], + [ + "register your trailer", + [] + ], + [ + "get an abnormal load trailer keeper\u2019s certificate", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re responsible for transporting an abnormal load, you need to follow regulations for notifying the authorities.

    ", + "

    Depending on the load you\u2019re moving and your route, you may need to give advance warning to:

    ", + "
  • the police
    • ", + "
  • highway authorities
    • ", + "
  • bridge and structure owners like Network Rail
    • ", + "

    You can use Highways England\u2019s electronic service delivery for abnormal loads (ESDAL) to:

    ", + "
  • notify the police, highways and bridge authorities of your abnormal load movements around the road network
    • ", + "

    If you do not use ESDAL you must fill in an abnormal loads movement application form.

    ", + "

    You must allow time to get the necessary clearances from the police, highway and bridge authorities. For example, a Special Order application must be completed 10 weeks before the scheduled date of the move.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re taking an abnormal load outside the UK, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • register your trailer
    • ", + "
  • get an abnormal load trailer keeper\u2019s certificate
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1324" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-attendance-absence", + "scenario": "most of our family lives abroad and they include our children's cousins. we'd like for our children to get to know their cousins but unfortunately their school terms clash. when our children are on holiday, their cousins are in school.", + "question": "can we take our children on holiday during the school term ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you make an application to the head teacher in advance (as a parent the child normally lives with)
    • ", + "
  • there are exceptional circumstances
    • ", + "

    You have to get permission from the head teacher if you want to take your child out of school during term time.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have to get permission from the head teacher if you want to take your child out of school during term time.

    ", + "

    You can only do this if:

    ", + "
  • you make an application to the head teacher in advance (as a parent the child normally lives with)
    • ", + "
  • there are exceptional circumstances
    • ", + "

    You can be fined for taking your child on holiday during term time without the school\u2019s permission.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1325" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-attendance-absence", + "scenario": "we recently lost our jobs and as a result our living standards have dropped. our children were being mercilessly teased by their schoolmates because of our situation so we decided to withdraw them from school and home school them. we have now received a fine from the local council because of their absenteeism.", + "question": "How much is the fine from local council for the parent?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a360", + [ + "

    Your local council can give each parent a fine of \u00a360, which rises to \u00a3120 each if you do not pay within 21 days. If you do not pay the fine after 28 days you may be prosecuted for your child\u2019s absence from school.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a3120", + [ + "

    Your local council can give each parent a fine of \u00a360, which rises to \u00a3120 each if you do not pay within 21 days. If you do not pay the fine after 28 days you may be prosecuted for your child\u2019s absence from school.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must make sure your child gets a full-time education that meets their needs (for example if they have special educational needs). You can send your child to school or educate them yourself.

    ", + "

    Your local council can give each parent a fine of \u00a360, which rises to \u00a3120 each if you do not pay within 21 days. If you do not pay the fine after 28 days you may be prosecuted for your child\u2019s absence from school.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1326" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-university-award-degree", + "scenario": "I am looking to study. The institution i am looking at is in Scotland but is not listed. I am not sure if its", + "question": "Who can I contact to investigate further?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "scottish government central enquiry unit", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact the Scottish Government central enquiry unit.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1327" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/invoicing-and-taking-payment-from-customers", + "scenario": "I am a sole business trader and I supply office stationeries to different clients in the UK. I have raised several invoices for the goods supplied.", + "question": "How many days should i give a customer to pay after i supply?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 30 days of getting your invoice or the goods or service", + [] + ], + [ + "agree a payment date", + [ + "

    You can set your own payment terms, such as discounts for early payment and payment upfront.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can set your own payment terms, such as discounts for early payment and payment upfront.

    ", + "

    Unless you agree a payment date, the customer must pay you within 30 days of getting your invoice or the goods or service.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1328" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/invoicing-and-taking-payment-from-customers", + "scenario": "We would like to open an online fashion clothing store where customers will order goods online and pay promptly with a debit card.", + "question": "If we start trading, which authority regulates online traders?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1329" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bail-immigration-detainees", + "scenario": "I have been detained as an illegal immigrant after my asylum application was rejected. I don't want to go back to Syria. I don't want to be locked up.", + "question": "What factors might help me get bail?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "if you have a place to stay", + [] + ], + [ + "if you have at least one \u2018financial condition supporter\u2019", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019re more likely to get bail if you have a place to stay.

    ", + "

    Your application is also more likely to succeed if you have at least one \u2018Financial Condition Supporter\u2019. This is a person who:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1330" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bail-immigration-detainees", + "scenario": "I am Walid from Iraq. I have been here illegally but I have been working and supporting my family and i have been granted bail while my case comes to court.", + "question": "What are the conditions i need to follow during the bail period?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "report regularly to an immigration official", + [] + ], + [ + "attend an appointment or hearing", + [] + ], + [ + "be restricted on where you can live", + [] + ], + [ + "have an electronic monitoring tag", + [] + ], + [ + "have restrictions on the work or studies you can do", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re granted bail, there will be at least one condition you have to obey.

    ", + "

    You might have to:

    ", + "
  • report regularly to an immigration official
    • ", + "
  • attend an appointment or hearing
    • ", + "
  • be restricted on where you can live
    • ", + "
  • have an electronic monitoring tag
    • ", + "
  • have restrictions on the work or studies you can do
    • ", + "
  • obey any other condition decided by the person granting your bail
    • ", + "

    You or your financial condition supporter might have to promise to pay money if you break one of the other conditions of your bail. This is called a \u2018financial condition\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1331" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/preventing-air-pollution", + "scenario": "My husband and I have just bought a 1920s cottage in the countryside as a second property. It has open fireplaces, which we like but we are worried that we are polluting the environment.", + "question": "Is it legal to use our open fireplaces?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    Your local council can introduce extra controls on emissions if there are air quality problems in your area.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your local council can introduce extra controls on emissions if there are air quality problems in your area.

    ", + "

    Your council can also declare a smoke control area. This means you can only use authorised fuels, or exempted furnaces and boilers. Chimney smoke is not allowed, with only a few exceptions.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1332" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/preventing-air-pollution", + "scenario": "I live in a Victorian property and would like to install a furnace to save on heating costs. We are keen to be as environmentally friendly as possible however.", + "question": "What are the legal requirements around furnaces?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you need a permit for most generators, furnaces and boilers.", + [] + ], + [ + "your chimney must be high enough to prevent smoke, grit, dust, gases and fume emissions from damaging health or causing a nuisance.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need a permit for most generators, furnaces and boilers.

    ", + "

    The permit you need depends on the type and amount of fuel you\u2019re burning.

    ", + "

    Your chimney must be high enough to prevent smoke, grit, dust, gases and fume emissions from damaging health or causing a nuisance. Your local council can refuse your application if your chimney isn\u2019t high enough.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1333" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/invoicing-and-taking-payment-from-customers", + "scenario": "i run a small business that supplies home appliances on credit. i supplied a customer with a washing machine and dish washer two months ago but they are yet to pay me.", + "question": "Do I have to charge interest on late payments ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Unless you agree a payment date, the customer must pay you within 30 days of getting your invoice or the goods or service.

    ", + "

    You have the right to charge interest for late payment, but you can choose not to.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1334" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/invoicing-and-taking-payment-from-customers", + "scenario": "I have established a business that will sell hair salon equipment. I am working out my payment methods and ways of recording payments which include invoices.", + "question": "What details do i have to include on my invoices apart from basics like the amount?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a unique identification number", + [] + ], + [ + "your company name, address and contact information", + [] + ], + [ + "the company name and address of the customer you\u2019re invoicing", + [] + ], + [ + "a clear description of what you\u2019re charging for", + [] + ], + [ + "the date the goods or service were provided", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your invoice must include:

    ", + "
  • a unique identification number
    • ", + "
  • your company name, address and contact information
    • ", + "
  • the company name and address of the customer you\u2019re invoicing
    • ", + "
  • a clear description of what you\u2019re charging for
    • ", + "
  • the date the goods or service were provided (supply date)
    • ", + "
  • the date of the invoice
    • ", + "
  • the amount(s) being charged
    • ", + "
  • VAT amount if applicable
    • ", + "
  • the total amount owed
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1335" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/preventing-air-pollution", + "scenario": "My friend owns a restaurant and his kitchen chimney produces a lot of dark smoke which is a nuisance to neighbors and the surroundings. He always says that he installed a low height chimney during construction.", + "question": "Is a high chimney installation a requirement during building construction?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    There are some exemptions if emissions won\u2019t damage health or cause a nuisance.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are some exemptions if emissions won\u2019t damage health or cause a nuisance.

    ", + "

    Your chimney must be high enough to prevent smoke, grit, dust, gases and fume emissions from damaging health or causing a nuisance. Your local council can refuse your application if your chimney isn\u2019t high enough.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1336" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/preventing-air-pollution", + "scenario": "I run a hotel business and our fireplace is always smoking and produces a dark smoke which causes a lot of nuisance and complaints from my customers. In one occasion an asthmatic patient nearly collapsed.", + "question": "Are there chimney restrictions put across by the local council?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your local council can introduce extra controls on emissions if there are air quality problems in your area.

    ", + "

    Your council can also declare a smoke control area. This means you can only use authorised fuels, or exempted furnaces and boilers. Chimney smoke is not allowed, with only a few exceptions.

    ", + "

    The darker the smoke, the more polluting it tends to be. Smoke darker than a specified shade of grey is officially classified as \u2018dark smoke\u2019.

    ", + "

    The Ringelmann chart is used to define dark smoke. The chart has 5 shades of grey with 0 being clear and 5 being black. Smoke is considered \u2018dark\u2019 if it is shade 2 or darker.

    ", + "

    You mustn\u2019t release dark smoke from your premises, including from:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1337" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fixed-term-contracts", + "scenario": "I am on a two year fixed term contract for a project that my employer is undertaking. We are building a bridge. There are many permanent staff also in the company.", + "question": "Am I entitled to the same rights as permanent employees?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employers must not treat workers on fixed-term contracts less favourably than permanent employees doing the same or largely the same job, unless the employer can show that there is a good business reason to do so.

    ", + "

    Employers must also ensure that fixed-term employees get:

    ", + "
  • the same pay and conditions as permanent staff
    • ", + "
  • the same or equivalent benefits package
    • ", + "

    Anyone who\u2019s worked continually for the same employer for 2 years or more has the same redundancy rights as a permanent employee.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1338" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fixed-term-contracts", + "scenario": "I have been with the same employer for four years on one year fixed term contracts that are renewed arch yea. this year my employer does not want to renew.", + "question": "What are my rights in these circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the same redundancy rights as a permanent employee.", + [] + ], + [ + "not to be unfairly dismissed", + [] + ], + [ + "to a written statement of reasons for not renewing the contract", + [] + ], + [ + "statutory redundancy payments after 2 years\u2019 service if the reason for non-renewal is redundancy.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Anyone who\u2019s worked continually for the same employer for 2 years or more has the same redundancy rights as a permanent employee.

    ", + "

    This is considered to be a dismissal, and if the employee has 2 years\u2019 service the employer needs to show that there\u2019s a \u2018fair\u2019 reason for not renewing the contract (eg, if they were planning to stop doing the work the contract was for).

    ", + "

    Workers have the right:

    ", + "
  • not to be unfairly dismissed after 2 years\u2019 service - for employees who were in employment before 6 April 2012, it\u2019s 1 year\u2019s service
    • ", + "
  • to a written statement of reasons for not renewing the contract - after 1 year\u2019s service
    • ", + "

    They may be entitled to statutory redundancy payments after 2 years\u2019 service if the reason for non-renewal is redundancy.

    ", + "

    Any employee on fixed-term contracts for 4 or more years will automatically become a permanent employee, unless the employer can show there is a good business reason not to do so.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1339" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stay-in-home-during-separation-or-divorce", + "scenario": "My partner and I have separated but I am the one staying with the children in our registered family house . I want to apply for home rights so that I can continue staying there with my children.", + "question": "Where do i send the forms for notice to?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "hm land registry\u2019s citizen centre", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Send it to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.

    ", + "

    Send the form, along with an official copy of the court\u2019s continuation order, to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1340" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stay-in-home-during-separation-or-divorce", + "scenario": "My friend has legally divorced her ex-husband and is the custodian of their only child. She was given a continuous court order to stay in their unregistered property.", + "question": "Which forms should she fill in?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "application for the renewal of a registration of a \u2018class f land charge\u2019", + [ + "
  • application for the renewal of a registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019 - if you have home rights
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "application for registration of a \u2018class f land charge\u2019", + [ + "
  • application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019 - if you do not have home rights
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Download and fill in the application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019.

    ", + "
  • application for the renewal of a registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019 - if you have home rights
    • ", + "
  • application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019 - if you do not have home rights
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1341" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dbs-check-applicant-criminal-record", + "scenario": "We are currently doing recruitment of new employees and want to do DBS checks on them before we make our final decision on their respective posts.", + "question": "How long does it take?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 14 days", + [ + "
  • a basic check, which shows unspent convictions and conditional cautions
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "around 8 weeks", + [ + "
  • a standard check, which shows spent and unspent convictions, cautions, reprimands and final warnings
    • ", + "
  • an enhanced check, which shows the same as a standard check plus any information held by local police that\u2019s considered relevant to the role
    • ", + "
  • an enhanced check with barred lists, which shows the same as an enhanced check plus whether the applicant is on the list of people barred from doing the role
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "longer", + [ + "
  • the details given for the check are incorrect
    • ", + "
  • several police forces need to be involved in the check
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It usually takes around 8 weeks but it can take longer if:

    ", + "
  • the details given for the check are incorrect
    • ", + "
  • several police forces need to be involved in the check
    • ", + "

    A basic check takes up to 14 days.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1342" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dbs-check-applicant-criminal-record", + "scenario": "I want to recruit an employee urgently to work in a care home.I want to know her DBS checks in the next 2 days.", + "question": "Which service can i use?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "dbs adult first", + [ + "

    If you provide care services for adults (for example in a care home), you can use a service called DBS Adult First.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can request a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check on behalf of an employee.

    ", + "

    If you provide care services for adults (for example in a care home), you can use a service called DBS Adult First.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1343" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-employment-contract-how-it-can-be-changed", + "scenario": "I want to transfer one of my employees to our sister company in France within the next 24 hours because his services are needed there urgently.", + "question": "Could this be reasonable use of the flexibility clause?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Flexibility clauses are terms in a contract that give employers the right to change some conditions of employment, for example relocation.

    ", + "

    Employers can only use flexibility clauses to make reasonable changes.

    ", + "

    Problems can arise if:

    ", + "
  • an employer tries to change a contract without agreement, or re-employs someone on new terms and conditions
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1344" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-employment-contract-how-it-can-be-changed", + "scenario": "I am planning to sell my company to a potential business investor. All the employees terms of contract will change.", + "question": "Do i need to make consultations with my employees?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Usually, the employer and employee both need to agree to any contract changes. But an employee can insist on a change if they have a legal right to it.

    ", + "

    You must get an employee\u2019s agreement if you want to make changes to their contract.

    ", + "

    You should:

    ", + "
  • consult or negotiate with employees or their representatives (for example from a trade union or staff association)
    • ", + "

    Employers must write to their staff to let them know about any changes to collective agreements with trade unions or staff associations.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1345" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions-employers", + "scenario": "Good afternoon. I am setting up a company and on the list of things to do is to set up a pension scheme. I am clueless and need help.", + "question": "How much does an employer need to pay into a staff pension scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 3% of your employee\u2019s \u2018qualifying earnings\u2019", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must pay at least 3% of your employee\u2019s \u2018qualifying earnings\u2019 into your staff\u2019s pension scheme.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1346" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions-employers", + "scenario": "Good morning. I have taken over the running of a staff pension scheme at my workplace. i am trying to ensure i have everything 100%", + "question": "What records do i need to keep as the scheme administrator?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the names and addresses of staff enrolled", + [] + ], + [ + "when contributions are paid in", + [] + ], + [ + "all requests to join or leave your pension scheme", + [] + ], + [ + "your pension scheme reference or registry number (psr)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must keep records of how you\u2019ve met your legal duties for maintaining your pension scheme, including:

    ", + "
  • the names and addresses of staff enrolled
    • ", + "
  • when contributions are paid in
    • ", + "
  • all requests to join or leave your pension scheme
    • ", + "
  • your pension scheme reference or registry number (PSR)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1347" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oil-storage-regulations-and-safety", + "scenario": "My uncle practices commercial farming and has an underground tank containing oil in his farm. He uses it for heating and on the farmhouse.", + "question": "Does he need to follow oil storage regulations?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have to follow certain regulations if you have an oil storage container at your home, business or farm.

    ", + "

    You have to follow different regulations depending on whether you\u2019re storing oil:

    ", + "
  • for heat and power for agriculture, for example to fuel your tractor or run a grain dryer
    • ", + "
  • to heat your farmhouse
    • ", + "

    You do not have to follow oil storage regulations if your oil is:

    ", + "
  • on a farm and you use it for heat and power for agriculture or for your farmhouse
    • ", + "

    The regulations do not apply if your storage containers are:

    ", + "
  • underground
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1348" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oil-storage-regulations-and-safety", + "scenario": "My friend is a business man and owns a single petrol filling station.During the assessment he was informed that the oil tank was leaking and need to have a bund.", + "question": "What regulations does he need to follow?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "oil storage regulations", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have to follow oil storage regulations if the container at your business can hold 201 litres or more of certain types of oil.

    ", + "

    You must follow the regulations for businesses if your oil container can hold 201 litres or more of:

    ", + "
  • petrol
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re responsible for any pollution caused by problems with your oil storage container. You need to know the regulations about oil storage containers, including where it\u2019s located and how it\u2019s protected.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1349" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ask-for-a-visa-administrative-review", + "scenario": "I am Jake from Taiwan. I wanted to come to the UK to visit my sister but my visa was rejected and i got the notice last week.", + "question": "Can I apply for a review on this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you do not have a right of appeal against the refusal
    • ", + "
  • you did not make an application as a short term student or a visitor (except if you applied as an S2 Healthcare Visitor)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll be told in your application refusal letter if you can ask for the decision on your visa application to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can only ask for an administrative review if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • you applied outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015
    • ", + "
  • you do not have a right of appeal against the refusal
    • ", + "
  • you did not make an application as a short term student or a visitor (except if you applied as an S2 Healthcare Visitor)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1350" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ask-for-a-visa-administrative-review", + "scenario": "I can't believe i have been refused a visa. I have been in the UK for sometime and this is a real blow to me. I want to get a review of this decision.", + "question": "How do I apply for a review?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your refusal letter will tell you how to apply", + [ + "

    If your application was refused, you must apply for an administrative review within 14 days of getting the decision.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll be told in your application refusal letter if you can ask for the decision on your visa application to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.

    ", + "

    Your refusal letter will tell you how to apply. You may be able to apply online. It costs \u00a380.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1351" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-abode", + "scenario": "I was born and live in Canada, but my father is a British citizen. I currently do not have a British passport, but have a Canadian one. I want to move to the UK to work and live in January 2022.", + "question": "Can I apply to get a certificate of entitlement to live and work in the UK?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • one of your parents was born in the UK and a citizen of the United Kingdom and colonies when you were born or adopted
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You cannot get a certificate if you already have a British passport or a valid certificate of entitlement in another foreign passport.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have right of abode if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • one of your parents was born in the UK and a citizen of the United Kingdom and colonies when you were born or adopted
    • ", + "
  • you were a Commonwealth citizen on 31 December 1982
    • ", + "
  • you did not stop being a Commonwealth citizen (even temporarily) at any point after 31 December 1982
    • ", + "

    You cannot get a certificate if you already have a British passport or a valid certificate of entitlement in another foreign passport.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1352" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-abode", + "scenario": "I was born in the UK and have a UK passport, however I have lived in China since I was 3 years old (45 years). I want to move to the UK as an adult as my business in China has failed and my family in China has passed away..", + "question": "Is my British passport sufficient to prove I have the right to abode in the UK?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Having right of abode means you\u2019re allowed to live or work in the UK without any immigration restrictions, which means:

    ", + "
  • you will not need a visa to come to the UK
    • ", + "
  • there\u2019s no limit on the length of time you can spend in the country
    • ", + "

    All British citizens automatically have right of abode in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can prove you have right of abode if you have a UK passport describing you as a British citizen or British subject with right of abode.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1353" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/early-retirement-pension", + "scenario": "I am 50 years old and a serving police officer. I have been in my job for nearly thirty years and I want to take early retirement, even though I am not at state pension age. I have a private pension through the police force.", + "question": "Can I take at least my private pension if I retire early?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re retiring early because of ill health
    • ", + "
  • you had the right under the scheme you joined before 6 April 2006 to take your pension before you\u2019re 55 \u2013 ask your pension provider if you\u2019re not sure
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you can take money from your pension pot will depend on your pension scheme\u2019s rules, but it\u2019s usually after you\u2019re 55.

    ", + "

    You may be able to take money out before this age if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re retiring early because of ill health
    • ", + "
  • you had the right under the scheme you joined before 6 April 2006 to take your pension before you\u2019re 55 \u2013 ask your pension provider if you\u2019re not sure
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1354" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/early-retirement-pension", + "scenario": "I am forty years old and a primary school teacher. I have recently been diagnosed with an aggressive type of cancer. I want to spend my remaining time with my family.", + "question": "Although I am not at state pension age, can I claim both my state and private pensions given my state of health?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness
    • ", + "
  • you do not have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The earliest you can get your State Pension is when you reach your State Pension age. You\u2019ll have to wait to claim your State Pension if you retire before you reach that age.

    ", + "

    When you can take money from your pension pot will depend on your pension scheme\u2019s rules, but it\u2019s usually after you\u2019re 55.

    ", + "

    You may be able to take money out before this age if either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re retiring early because of ill health
    • ", + "

    You may be able to take your whole pension pot as a tax-free lump sum if all of the following apply to you:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 75
    • ", + "
  • you do not have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1355" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-employment-contract-how-it-can-be-changed", + "scenario": "we came to an agreement with my employer on a wage they should pay for my services. to my surprise, the wage was much less than we agreed and to this end i have raised a claim against him for breach of contract.", + "question": "how much compensation can i get for breach of contract ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to a maximum of \u00a325,000", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If the tribunal agrees with the employee\u2019s claim, they may award compensation. This can only be for financial loss (for example, non-payment of wages) up to a maximum of \u00a325,000.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1356" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-employment-contract-how-it-can-be-changed", + "scenario": "i have been enjoying the work at my current workplace until recently. they told me that i have to start working on weekends when that was not previously the case. as a parent, weekends are when i spend time with my children.", + "question": "can an employer make me work on weekends ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Usually, the employer and employee both need to agree to any contract changes. But an employee can insist on a change if they have a legal right to it.

    ", + "

    You must get an employee\u2019s agreement if you want to make changes to their contract.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1357" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-housing-association-evictions", + "scenario": "I'm 48 and I lost my job due to the pandemic. I'm single and I can't afford the rent anymore. I'm delivering pizzas at the moment but it's just a part time job but I'm using those money to buy food and basic stuff.", + "question": "Will I be offered help before they try and evict me?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1358" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-housing-association-evictions", + "scenario": "I'm 25, I'm working at McDonald's (that is open 24/7) and I'm currently living in a shared house. The flat has four bedrooms and I'm renting one of them. While I was working my housemates organized a party during the night with loud music and, after the police came, the council want us out of the property.", + "question": "I want to go to the court and explain them that I wasn't involved in the party. What are the possible outcome at the court?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "issue a possession order giving the council or housing association permission to evict you", + [] + ], + [ + "decide evicting you is not justified", + [] + ], + [ + "issue a suspended or postponed possession order giving you a final chance to avoid eviction", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The court can:

    ", + "
  • issue a possession order giving the council or housing association permission to evict you
    • ", + "
  • decide evicting you is not justified - eviction proceedings will then stop
    • ", + "
  • issue a suspended or postponed possession order giving you a final chance to avoid eviction
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1359" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transit-visa", + "scenario": "I am travelling from Africa to the USA via Heathrow airport. My sister lives close to the airport and i would like to stay the night at her place before heading on.", + "question": "Will a visitor in transit visa cover me for this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • leaving the UK within 48 hours
    • ", + "
  • not working or studying while in the UK
    • ", + "

    Apply for a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019ll be going through UK border control but leaving the UK within 48 hours.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might need a visa to pass through the UK in transit (on your way to another country).

    ", + "

    Apply for a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019ll be going through UK border control but leaving the UK within 48 hours.

    ", + "

    You might need a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • changing flights in the UK on your way to another country
    • ", + "
  • going through UK border control, for example to check in your luggage for a connecting flight
    • ", + "
  • leaving the UK within 48 hours
    • ", + "
  • not working or studying while in the UK
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1360" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/early-retirement-pension", + "scenario": "After my doctor's visit yesterday I was informed that I have a little under a year left to live. I am only 67 years old and while I am not in great health this came as somewhat of a shock to me.", + "question": "Am I eligible to receive my pension pot as a lump sum?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you do not have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might be able to get higher payments if you need to take your pension early because of a health condition. Check with your provider.

    ", + "

    You may be able to take your whole pension pot as a tax-free lump sum if all of the following apply to you:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 75
    • ", + "
  • you do not have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1361" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/early-retirement-pension", + "scenario": "I love my job as a car mechanic but my health is rapidly degrading and soon I will not be able to work anymore. I am still not at retirement age but will have to retire early because of my ill health. I am aware that I will probably not be able to receive pension before I reach the required age but I was told there are benefits that I might be entitled to.", + "question": "Where can I calculate the benefits I will be receiving?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "use a benefits calculator", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you retire early because of ill health you may be entitled to other benefits. Use a benefits calculator to check.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1362" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/organise-street-party", + "scenario": "I want to organise a street party to celebrate the removal of Boris Johnson as Prime Minister. I may be premature but i want to be organised.", + "question": "When do i need to let the council know?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "4 to 12 weeks before it happens", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tell your council about your event 4 to 12 weeks before it happens.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1363" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/organise-street-party", + "scenario": "We have organised a street party for our close. Everyone is bringing their own food and drink but I am worried about licensing", + "question": "Do I need to apply for an alcohol license?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A licence isn\u2019t needed if you\u2019re going to provide alcohol for free at your event.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1364" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/organise-street-party", + "scenario": "we do not have much space in our home and we want to hold our son's 16th birthday out on the street in front of our house so that all his friends can be able to attend.", + "question": "can i hold a birthday party on the street in front of our home ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll need to get permission from your local council to close a road. Some local councils will lend you signs and cones, or you can hire or buy signs. The Street Party site gives advice on road closures.

    ", + "

    Street parties on quiet streets that don\u2019t affect the wider road network count as small events. If you\u2019re planning a small event for neighbours, apply to hold a street party through your local council.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Street parties on quiet streets that don\u2019t affect the wider road network count as small events. If you\u2019re planning a small event for neighbours, apply to hold a street party through your local council.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to get permission from your local council to close a road. Some local councils will lend you signs and cones, or you can hire or buy signs. The Street Party site gives advice on road closures.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1365" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/organise-street-party", + "scenario": "we plan to have a neighbourhood street party. we'd like to have food, drinks and hold a raffle for a bit of fun.", + "question": "do we need a license to serve food and drinks at our street party ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A licence isn\u2019t needed if you\u2019re going to provide alcohol for free at your event.

    ", + "

    Food can be served and sold up to 11pm without a licence. If you want to serve or sell it after 11pm, contact your council.

    ", + "

    You don\u2019t need a licence to give alcoholic beverages away as prizes, like a bottle of champagne for a winning raffle ticket, but there are rules about what can be given away. Contact your council for more information.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1366" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/monitoring-work-workers-rights", + "scenario": "Good morning. Our employer has set up CCTV cameras in our office - EVERYWHERE! I feel like I'm being stalked. I don't like it.", + "question": "Where can I check that this surveillance is legal?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1367" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/monitoring-work-workers-rights", + "scenario": "I run a small company with about 10 staff. One I think is a long haired, hippy, dope head. I don't want to cause a scene but I don't like him.", + "question": "Can I only do a drug test on him?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employers have to have consent if they want to test for drugs. Usually this is when they have a full contractual health and safety policy, which should be in the contract or staff handbook.

    ", + "

    Employers should:

    ", + "
  • not single out particular employees for testing unless this is justified by the nature of their jobs
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1368" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-abode", + "scenario": "I am a Jamaican citizen and married to a British husband and living in the UK . I have permission to stay in the UK. I would like to apply for a certificate of entitlement.", + "question": "How much does it cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3372", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A certificate of entitlement costs \u00a3372 in the UK.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1369" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-abode", + "scenario": "I have applied for a certificate of entitlement outside the UK in Guyana for the rights to abode in the UK but it has been refused.", + "question": "Will my application fee be refunded?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    Your application fee will not be refunded if your application is refused because you do not qualify for right of abode or you do not send in enough evidence to support your claim.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your application fee will not be refunded if your application is refused because you do not qualify for right of abode or you do not send in enough evidence to support your claim.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1370" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-reliefs", + "scenario": "I am a regular church goer and i have been asked to make my donations to the collection in an envelope and tick Gift Aid.", + "question": "Does this mean my donation is free of tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) can register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to be part of the Gift Aid scheme. When they\u2019re registered, they can claim back the tax you\u2019ve already paid on your donation.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tax relief applies to pension contributions, charity donations, maintenance payments and time spent working on a ship outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Donations to charity from individuals are tax free. You can get tax relief if you donate:

    ", + "
  • through Gift Aid
    • ", + "

    Charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) can register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to be part of the Gift Aid scheme. When they\u2019re registered, they can claim back the tax you\u2019ve already paid on your donation.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1371" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-reliefs", + "scenario": "My wife and I divorced a couple of years ago. I pay maintenance regularly as a contribution to brining up the children.", + "question": "Do maintenance payments qualify for tax relief?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • either of you were born before 6 April 1935
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re paying maintenance under a court order after the relationship has ended
    • ", + "
  • the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-spouse or former civil partner (provided they aren\u2019t now remarried or in a new civil partnership) or for your children who are under 21
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Maintenance Payments Relief reduces your Income Tax if you make maintenance payments to an ex-spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    You can get it if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • either of you were born before 6 April 1935
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re paying maintenance under a court order after the relationship has ended
    • ", + "
  • the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-spouse or former civil partner (provided they aren\u2019t now remarried or in a new civil partnership) or for your children who are under 21
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1372" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stay-in-home-during-separation-or-divorce", + "scenario": "i recently separated from my partner. i am afraid that they may throw me out of the house we once shared which will leave me at a loss since i have no where else to go.", + "question": "can my ex-partner throw me out of the house we shared ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You may be able to continue living in the property for longer, for example during an ongoing dispute about who owns what, if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do this.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your rights are different if you own the property jointly with your spouse or civil partner.

    ", + "

    You can usually only live in the property until the divorce, annulment or dissolution has been finalised and a court settlement agreed.

    ", + "

    You may be able to continue living in the property for longer, for example during an ongoing dispute about who owns what, if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do this.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1373" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stay-in-home-during-separation-or-divorce", + "scenario": "we are separated from my long term partner and have since moved on. we decided to sell the house we once shared and split the proceeds of the sale equally.", + "question": "Can I stay in the house after the proceedings are finalised?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You may be able to continue living in the property for longer, for example during an ongoing dispute about who owns what, if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do this.

    ", + "

    You may be able to continue living in your home for longer, for example if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do so during an ongoing dispute about who owns what.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can usually only live in the property until the divorce, annulment or dissolution has been finalised and a court settlement agreed.

    ", + "

    You may be able to continue living in the property for longer, for example during an ongoing dispute about who owns what, if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do this.

    ", + "

    You may be able to continue living in your home for longer, for example if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do so during an ongoing dispute about who owns what.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1374" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-overpayments-and-underpayments", + "scenario": "I have recently become eligible to start drawing from my pension, however I am still working part time at my current job. During the first month when I am both working and receiving pension payments I am afraid I did not pay enough tax.", + "question": "How can I find out for sure?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "use the hmrc tax checker", + [] + ], + [ + "hmrc will send you a p800 or a simple assessment tax calculation", + [ + "

    If you have not paid the right amount at the end of the tax year, HMRC will send you a P800 or a Simple Assessment tax calculation.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have not paid the right amount at the end of the tax year, HMRC will send you a P800 or a Simple Assessment tax calculation.

    ", + "
  • started receiving a pension at work
    • ", + "

    You may be able to use the HMRC tax checker to work out how much tax you should have paid.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1375" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-overpayments-and-underpayments", + "scenario": "I have just finished university. While in university, I was working a part time job. This month, I quit my part time job and started a full time job - both of which will pay me this month. Since I did not use my complete tax allowance during my part time job, I am afraid I will overpay income tax. I do not have a P800.", + "question": "Can I get a refund for the overpaid tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have not paid the right amount at the end of the tax year, HMRC will send you a P800 or a Simple Assessment tax calculation.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you think you\u2019ve paid too much tax. If they agree, they\u2019ll send you a P800.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1376" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-a-passport-urgently", + "scenario": "I am a fifty year old married female and my twenty five year old daughter has just sprung the news on us that she is to be married in the US in five days. This is wonderful, but my husband's passport has expired.", + "question": "Is there any way of getting a renewed passport within five days?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can pay for a faster service if you need a passport within the next 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a faster service if you\u2019re in the UK and need to renew or replace a passport, or get a first child passport.

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways to apply for an urgent passport.

    ", + "

    You can use this service to renew an adult passport.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll apply, pay and book an appointment online. The earliest you can get an appointment is 2 days from when you apply.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1377" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-employed-records", + "scenario": "My wife works from home and is self employed: she manages a huge Amazon shop.She nominated me has her business partner on her paperwork. I have a full time job but now she is asking me to keep records of her business I don't know what to do.", + "question": "I don't really want to put effort in it and I think this should be my wife's duty. Do I have to keep record's of my wife's business even if I don't any work for her?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must keep records of your business income and expenses for your tax return if you\u2019re self-employed as a:

    ", + "
  • sole trader
    • ", + "
  • partner in a business partnership
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re the nominated partner in a partnership, you must also keep records for the partnership.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1378" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-employed-records", + "scenario": "I'm 35 and I've been a graphic designer all my life. I work from home and I'm self employed: I work as a freelance and I create graphics for company's websites. I usually keep records of my transactions on my computer.", + "question": "My son accidentally broke my PC while he was running around in my office and I lost my records for this year, what can I do to don't get a fine?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "do your best to provide figures", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you cannot replace your records, you must do your best to provide figures. Tell HMRC when you file your tax return if you\u2019re using:

    ", + "
  • estimated figures - your best guess when you cannot provide the actual figures
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1379" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-cash-accounting-scheme", + "scenario": "I am an accountant and work in a supermarket store. I am looking for a scheme which can aid in calculating VAT efficiently.", + "question": "What is the eligibilty for one to use cash accounting scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your business is registered for vat", + [] + ], + [ + "your estimated vat taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use cash accounting if:

    ", + "
  • your business is registered for VAT
    • ", + "
  • your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    You cannot use cash accounting if:

    ", + "
  • you use the VAT Flat Rate Scheme - instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based turnover method
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1380" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-cash-accounting-scheme", + "scenario": "We have been using a VAT cash accounting scheme to calculate our VAT and tax returns. Our business has outgrown with turnover of \u00a31.7 million and we are no longer eligible for the scheme.", + "question": "When should we leave the scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at the end of a vat accounting period", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can leave the scheme at any time, but you must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to use it. You should leave at the end of a VAT accounting period.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1381" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/monitoring-work-workers-rights", + "scenario": "I am eighteen and have just accepted a part time job working in a local grocery store. I am sometimes the only person in the store but have learned that my employee is watching my via a CCTV camera. This makes me feel very uncomfortable", + "question": "Is it legal for my employer to be spying on me like this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Employers must explain the amount of monitoring clearly in the staff handbook or contract. They should tell workers:

    ", + "
  • if they\u2019re being monitored
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    Employers are not allowed to monitor workers everywhere (not in the toilet, for example). If they don\u2019t respect this they could be in breach of the Data Protection Act.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employers must explain the amount of monitoring clearly in the staff handbook or contract. They should tell workers:

    ", + "
  • if they\u2019re being monitored
    • ", + "

    Examples of monitoring could include:

    ", + "
  • CCTV in the building
    • ", + "

    Employers are not allowed to monitor workers everywhere (not in the toilet, for example). If they don\u2019t respect this they could be in breach of the Data Protection Act.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1382" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/monitoring-work-workers-rights", + "scenario": "I am the owner of a taxi firm and have half a dozen employees, doing both full time and part time jobs. I have reason to suspect that one of my younger employees might be taking drugs on the nights before his shifts, or even during the shifts themselves.", + "question": "What is my legal position in this situation? can I have my employee drug tested?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employers have to have consent if they want to test for drugs. Usually this is when they have a full contractual health and safety policy, which should be in the contract or staff handbook.

    ", + "

    Employers should:

    ", + "
  • limit testing to employees that need to be tested
    • ", + "
  • ensure the tests are random
    • ", + "
  • not single out particular employees for testing unless this is justified by the nature of their jobs
    • ", + "

    Workers can\u2019t be made to take a drugs test but if they refuse when the employer has good grounds for testing, they may face disciplinary action.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1383" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renew-adult-passport", + "scenario": "i'd like to apply for a new passport since i have some urgent business to attend to overseas in the next week or so.", + "question": "how long will it take me to get my new passport ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "allow up to 10 weeks", + [ + "

    You may be able to get a passport urgently if you need one sooner.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Allow up to 10 weeks to get your passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1384" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hunting", + "scenario": "I live in a rural area and there are many rabbits on a patch of public land near to our property. We would be interested in shooting rabbits for food and have a licensed shotgun.", + "question": "Do we need permission to shoot rabbits on public land?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1385" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hunting", + "scenario": "I am a farmer and a licensed shotgun owner. Recently I have been plagued by foxes which are disturbing some of my smaller animals. I would like to cull them on the grounds that they are affecting my livelihood.", + "question": "Can I legally shoot a fox on my own land?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • shoot the fox quickly after it\u2019s been found
    • ", + "
  • carry proof you own the land you\u2019re shooting on or written permission from the landowner
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use up to 2 dogs to chase (\u2018flush\u2019 or \u2018stalk\u2019) foxes out of hiding if the fox is causing damage to your property or the environment.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • shoot the fox quickly after it\u2019s been found
    • ", + "
  • carry proof you own the land you\u2019re shooting on or written permission from the landowner
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1386" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-a-passport-urgently", + "scenario": "We are leaving on holiday in two weeks and, being a numpty, i have realised my passport has expired. This COVID thing has messed with my head.", + "question": "Can I get a passport within 2 weeks?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can pay for a faster service if you need a passport within the next 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    There are 2 ways to apply for an urgent passport.

    ", + "

    You can use this service to:

    ", + "
  • renew an adult or child passport
    • ", + "

    You can use 1 week Fast Track to:

    ", + "
  • renew an adult or child passport that has expired or that is about to expire
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1387" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-a-passport-urgently", + "scenario": "My husband is sick abroad and i am making plans to fly our next week. My passport needs to be renewed so i want to do 1 1 week Fast track application.", + "question": "Where can I get the forms from for this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a post office", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    What you need to do

    ", + "
  • Get a paper application form from a Post Office - you cannot apply online.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1388" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-employed-records", + "scenario": "I am a UK VAT registered business trader and I keep all my business account records for each year after filing my income returns.", + "question": "How many years should i keep the records for 2020/2021 tax year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 5 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must keep your records for at least 5 years after the 31 January submission deadline of the relevant tax year. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1389" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-employed-records", + "scenario": "I am a business owner and my accountant has completed filing accurate financial returns for this year. We need to focus on the next tax year.", + "question": "Why should we keep records of the year we have already submitted?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "work out your profit or loss for your tax return", + [] + ], + [ + "show them to hm revenue and customs (hmrc) if asked", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not need to send your records in when you submit your tax return but you need to keep them so you can:

    ", + "
  • work out your profit or loss for your tax return
    • ", + "
  • show them to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if asked
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1390" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oil-storage-regulations-and-safety", + "scenario": "I own a farm which is ran like a business. It is not my personal home but instead me and a few employees take care of quite a large farm area and I sell the produce for profit. We operate a few tractors and since getting them refilled with fuel from the nearest gas station is inefficient I decided to install a 1000 litre diesel tank underground.", + "question": "Do I have to follow oil storage regulations for businesses?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must follow the regulations for businesses if your oil container can hold 201 litres or more of:

    ", + "
  • diesel
    • ", + "

    You do not have to follow oil storage regulations if your oil is:

    ", + "
  • on a farm and you use it for heat and power for agriculture or for your farmhouse
    • ", + "

    The regulations do not apply if your storage containers are:

    ", + "
  • underground
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1391" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oil-storage-regulations-and-safety", + "scenario": "I want to install a large oil tank at my home. I own a large house around 50 kilometres out of town and plan on using it as a heating source as well as to fuel my personal vehicles more conveniently. The tank size I am currently looking at is around 5000 litres. I want it to be large enough so I don't have to worry about filling it up every other month", + "question": "Are there different regulations for storing oil at my home or for storing oil at a business?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your storage container can hold 3,501 litres or more, you must follow the regulations for businesses.

    ", + "

    You must follow the regulations for businesses if your oil container can hold 201 litres or more of:

    ", + "
  • petrol
    • ", + "
  • diesel
    • ", + "
  • biofuels
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1392" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-housing-association-evictions", + "scenario": "My aunt lives in a Council house and she is in rent arrears. She lost her income during the covid pandemic and has a lot of other pending bills. She has received an written notice,", + "question": "What pre-action protocol must they follow before evicting her?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "try to talk to you about the arrears as early as possible", + [] + ], + [ + "give you detailed information about the arrears", + [] + ], + [ + "offer help, if you need it, to make a housing benefit claim", + [] + ], + [ + "agree to delay taking you to court if you make a reasonable offer to pay off your rent arrears", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your council or housing association must give you a written warning notice that they plan to evict you. The notice is normally either at least 4 weeks or 4 months, depending on the type of tenancy you have.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re facing eviction over unpaid rent, before taking you to court the council or housing association must:

    ", + "
  • try to talk to you about the arrears as early as possible
    • ", + "
  • give you detailed information about the arrears
    • ", + "
  • offer help, if you need it, to make a housing benefit claim
    • ", + "
  • agree to delay taking you to court if you make a reasonable offer to pay off your rent arrears
    • ", + "

    These steps are known as the \u2018pre-action protocol\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1393" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transit-visa", + "scenario": "I am an American citizen who will be travelling to Paris on business this summer. I will be obliged to stop for a short conference in London and will be flying into Heathrow airport", + "question": "Is it possible for me to get a visa for the UK for just a few hours?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You need to provide evidence that you\u2019re allowed to enter the country you\u2019re travelling to, such as a:

    ", + "

    You must also provide evidence that your onward journey is booked or confirmed, such as:

    ", + "

    Your onward flight must be within 48 hours of your arrival in the UK.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Apply for a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019ll be going through UK border control but leaving the UK within 48 hours.

    ", + "

    You need to provide evidence that you\u2019re allowed to enter the country you\u2019re travelling to, such as a:

    ", + "

    You must also provide evidence that your onward journey is booked or confirmed, such as:

    ", + "

    Your onward flight must be within 48 hours of your arrival in the UK.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1394" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transit-visa", + "scenario": "I am an asylum seeker who has recently arrived from Syria with my family. I do not have permission to be in the UK but would not be safe if we returned to our home country.", + "question": "As we are awaiting refugee status, do we still need a transit visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might need a visa to pass through the UK in transit (on your way to another country).

    ", + "

    You do not need a transit visa if you:

    ", + "
  • have a Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person
    • ", + "

    You do not need one if you have a valid:

    ", + "
  • Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1395" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marriage-allowance", + "scenario": "I am married, live in England and currently earn \u00a310,200 pa from my job, plus another \u00a33,200 from a private pension. My wife earns a little over \u00a326,000 pa, and pays income tax at the basic rate.", + "question": "If I claim marriage allowance, will my pension income be counted against my personal allowance when determining how much is transferred to my wife?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To benefit as a couple, you (as the lower earner) must normally have an income below your Personal Allowance - this is usually \u00a312,570.

    ", + "

    You can benefit from Marriage Allowance if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you do not pay Income Tax or your income is below your Personal Allowance (usually \u00a312,570)
    • ", + "
  • your partner pays Income Tax at the basic rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a350,270 before they receive Marriage Allowance
    • ", + "

    It will not affect your application for Marriage Allowance if you or your partner:

    ", + "
  • are currently receiving a pension
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1396" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marriage-allowance", + "scenario": "My wife and I live in Wales and have claimed marriage allowance for the past six years, which has allowed some of my personal allowance to be transferred to her each year. However, she is now terminally ill and I am reluctantly being forced to consider what will happen on her death.", + "question": "Will my allowance revert to normal on her death, and will the amount that I have transferred already be counted against her estate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your partner dies after you\u2019ve transferred some of your Personal Allowance to them:

    ", + "
  • their estate will be treated as having the increased Personal Allowance
    • ", + "
  • your Personal Allowance will go back to the normal amount
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1397" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hunting", + "scenario": "I have been watching a lot of TV on hunting and am really excited to try it myself. I do want to do it legally since I have no interest in breaking the law. I know about the hunting/ shooting seasons but I am not sure where they apply.", + "question": "Can I hunt bird outside of the hunting season?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can shoot certain species of game birds, quarry birds and waterfowl but only during the shooting season.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t shoot birds in the closed season.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1398" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hunting", + "scenario": "A couple of friends got me in hunting this season and I plan on giving it a try. They are both using firearms but since I practice archery as a sport I have a bow which I plan on using when I join them.", + "question": "Am I permitted to use my bow for hunting wildlife?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can\u2019t use:

    ", + "
  • bows or crossbows
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1399" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-overpayments-and-underpayments", + "scenario": "I am currently unemployed and i am receiving a jobseekers allowance. the other day i got a P800 in the mail.", + "question": "Does the P800 come by mistake?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have not paid the right amount at the end of the tax year, HMRC will send you a P800 or a Simple Assessment tax calculation.

    ", + "

    Your P800 or Simple Assessment will tell you how to get a refund or pay tax you owe.

    ", + "

    You might get a P800 if you:

    ", + "
  • received Employment and Support Allowance or Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1400" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-reliefs", + "scenario": "I run a grocery store and donate food and other basics to a homeless charity home. I am in the process of compiling my expenses for tax returns.", + "question": "Which ways can one get charity donation tax relief?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "through gift aid", + [] + ], + [ + "straight from your wages or pension, through payroll giving", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tax relief applies to pension contributions, charity donations, maintenance payments and time spent working on a ship outside the UK.

    ", + "

    Donations to charity from individuals are tax free. You can get tax relief if you donate:

    ", + "
  • through Gift Aid
    • ", + "
  • straight from your wages or pension, through Payroll Giving
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1401" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-reliefs", + "scenario": "I am a sole business trader with a high running cost . I spend a lot of money paying employees bonuses, benefits, and training costs.", + "question": "Can i claim a tax relief?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    \u2018Tax relief\u2019 means that you either:

    ", + "
  • pay less tax to take account of money you\u2019ve spent on specific things, like business expenses if you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "

    It also applies to work or business expenses \u2013\u00a0you may be able to:

    ", + "
  • get tax relief on what you spend running your business if you\u2019re self-employed (a sole trader or partner in a partnership)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1402" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions-employers", + "scenario": "I am an employer and I have recruited new employees raging from 20 years and above. I would like to enroll them in a workplace pension scheme.", + "question": "What are the requirements to be eligible for enrollment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "aged between 22 and the state pension age", + [] + ], + [ + "earn at least \u00a310,000 a year", + [] + ], + [ + "normally work in the uk", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must enrol and make an employer\u2019s contribution for all staff who:

    ", + "
  • are aged between 22 and the State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • earn at least \u00a310,000 a year
    • ", + "
  • normally work in the UK (this includes people who are based in the UK but travel abroad for work)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1403" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions-employers", + "scenario": "My employer deducts pension contributions from our salaries every month. Last month I checked my payslip and I found out that he didn't deduct and there were some errors which promised to rectify.", + "question": "What is the deadline of submitting contributions to the pension provider?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "by the 22nd day (19th if you pay by cheque) of the next month.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must deduct contributions from your staff\u2019s pay each month. You\u2019ll need to pay these into your staff\u2019s pension scheme by the 22nd day (19th if you pay by cheque) of the next month.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1404" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-to-do-when-an-employee-dies", + "scenario": "I am a new business owner and just recently started hiring employees. A friend of mine has been operating his own business for a while now and yesterday an employee of his died on the job. He panicked and did not know who to call or what to do. I know I will immediately call the police.", + "question": "Who else do I need to contact in the event of an employee's death?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "health and safety executive (hse)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must report a death in the workplace (except in Northern Ireland) to the:

    ", + "
  • police
    • ", + "
  • Health and Safety Executive (HSE)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1405" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-to-do-when-an-employee-dies", + "scenario": "Around a week ago an employee of mine passed away. Everyone at the office was shook to hear the news and we still cant quite process it. I was not close with him so I do not feel comfortable reaching out to his family. I still have to send him his last paycheck but I am not sure how to format the Full Payment Submission.", + "question": "What category letter should I use in this case?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "category letter x", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must make all outstanding payments when an employee dies.

    ", + "

    Put the date they died into the \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 field in your next Full Payment Submission (FPS), and deduct tax using their existing tax code. Use category letter X so that you do not deduct National Insurance. Do not produce a P45.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1406" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renew-adult-passport", + "scenario": "I was planning a vacation in two weeks. Today while I was filling out information in order to purchase my ticket I realized I could not find my passport. I am aware I will not be able to go on my vacation now.", + "question": "Is it cheaper to apply online or in physical form?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "online", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Use this service to renew your passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a385. You can pay by either:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1407" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-building-new-home", + "scenario": "I have built a brand new home in Bradford. I was thinking about using it for a charity as i have not lived in it for 3 years. The materials set me back a lot of money.", + "question": "Would I be able to claim a VAT refund?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a VAT refund on building materials and services if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • building a property for a charity
    • ", + "

    The building work and materials have to qualify and you must apply to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 3 months of completing the work.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1408" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-building-new-home", + "scenario": "I have applied for a VAT refund and included all original invoices and regulation certificates. We added a conversion to our cats protection charity home in 2019.", + "question": "How long will it take to get a response?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 6 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    HMRC will write to you about when you can expect your VAT refund if your claim is successful. They will usually write to you within 6 weeks.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1409" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marriage-allowance", + "scenario": "I am about to get engaged to my partner and want to know what the tax implications will be once we actually get married.", + "question": "Can I share my tax free allowance with my partner?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    To benefit as a couple, you (as the lower earner) must normally have an income below your Personal Allowance - this is usually \u00a312,570.

    ", + "
  • you do not pay Income Tax or your income is below your Personal Allowance (usually \u00a312,570)
    • ", + "
  • your partner pays Income Tax at the basic rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a350,270 before they receive Marriage Allowance
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Marriage Allowance lets you transfer \u00a31,260 of your Personal Allowance to your husband, wife or civil partner.

    ", + "

    To benefit as a couple, you (as the lower earner) must normally have an income below your Personal Allowance - this is usually \u00a312,570.

    ", + "

    You can benefit from Marriage Allowance if all the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you do not pay Income Tax or your income is below your Personal Allowance (usually \u00a312,570)
    • ", + "
  • your partner pays Income Tax at the basic rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a350,270 before they receive Marriage Allowance
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1410" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marriage-allowance", + "scenario": "My wife has just received a promotion at work and now earns significantly more than she used to. I need to work out what these changes will mean.", + "question": "How can we cancel sharing the marriage allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "online", + [] + ], + [ + "contact marriage allowance enquiries", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can cancel Marriage Allowance online. You\u2019ll be asked to prove your identity using information HMRC holds about you.

    ", + "

    Contact Marriage Allowance enquiries to cancel or get help.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1411" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-cash-accounting-scheme", + "scenario": "A fellow business owner and a close friend of mine told me about the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme. I was instantly interested since it seems like something that will benefit my business a lot. He mentioned that there is a VAT taxable turnover limit for people to be eligible. Last year my taxable turnover was a little over \u00a3250000.", + "question": "Am I eligible to apply for the scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you use the VAT Flat Rate Scheme - instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based turnover method
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion
    • ", + "
  • where the payment terms of a VAT invoice are 6 months or more
    • ", + "
  • where a VAT invoice is raised in advance
    • ", + "
  • buying or selling goods using lease purchase, hire purchase, conditional sale or credit sale
    • ", + "
  • importing goods into Northern Ireland from the EU
    • ", + "
  • moving goods outside a customs warehouse
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • your business is registered for VAT
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To join the scheme your VAT taxable turnover must be \u00a31.35 million or less.

    ", + "

    You can use cash accounting if:

    ", + "
  • your business is registered for VAT
    • ", + "
  • your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    You cannot use cash accounting if:

    ", + "
  • you use the VAT Flat Rate Scheme - instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based turnover method
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion
    • ", + "

    You cannot use it for the following transactions (you have to use standard VAT accounting instead):

    ", + "
  • where the payment terms of a VAT invoice are 6 months or more
    • ", + "
  • where a VAT invoice is raised in advance
    • ", + "
  • buying or selling goods using lease purchase, hire purchase, conditional sale or credit sale
    • ", + "
  • importing goods into Northern Ireland from the EU
    • ", + "
  • moving goods outside a customs warehouse
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1412" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-cash-accounting-scheme", + "scenario": "I have been a part of the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme for over a year now. Since I was accepted into the scheme my VAT taxable turnover exceeded \u00a31.5 million. I know that is over the limit to be eligible for the scheme but I was already accepted and have been using it for a while.", + "question": "Do I need to withdraw from the scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use cash accounting if:

    ", + "
  • your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    You must leave the scheme if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a31.6 million

    " + ], + "id": "train-1413" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-rates", + "scenario": "Good morning. I have some savings and portfolio of share I inherited from my father. I am trying to understand my tax situation.", + "question": "Are there tax free allowances for savings and interest?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    How much Income Tax you pay in each tax year depends on:

    ", + "
  • how much of your income is above your Personal Allowance
    • ", + "

    Some income is tax-free.

    ", + "

    You have tax-free allowances for:

    ", + "
  • savings interest
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1414" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-rates", + "scenario": "I am a married blind man and have just received my self assessment form to complete. I am interested in saving as much money as i can.", + "question": "Can I apply Marriage allowance for blind married people like me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You may be able to claim Marriage Allowance to reduce your partner\u2019s tax if your income is less than the standard Personal Allowance.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to claim Marriage Allowance to reduce your partner\u2019s tax if your income is less than the standard Personal Allowance.

    ", + "

    Your Personal Allowance would have been smaller if your income was over \u00a3100,000, or bigger if you got Marriage Allowance or Blind Person\u2019s Allowance.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1415" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-building-new-home", + "scenario": "we are putting up a shelter for abandoned and abused animals which will operate as a not for profit organization.", + "question": "can i apply for a VAT refund on building materials for an animal shelter ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a VAT refund on building materials and services if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • building a property for a charity
    • ", + "

    You may get a VAT refund if the building is for one of the following purposes:

    ", + "
  • non-business - you can\u2019t charge a fee for the use of the building
    • ", + "
  • charitable, for example a hospice
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1416" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-building-new-home", + "scenario": "we have acquired a three bedroom house from its previous owners who were living there until recently. we want to convert it to a five bedroom house to accomodate our family.", + "question": "can we apply for a VAT refund on a home conversion we want to carry out ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a VAT refund on building materials and services if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • converting a property into a home
    • ", + "

    The building work and materials have to qualify and you must apply to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 3 months of completing the work.

    ", + "

    The building being converted must usually be a non-residential building. Residential buildings qualify if they haven\u2019t been lived in for at least 10 years.

    ", + "

    You may get a VAT refund if the building is for one of the following purposes:

    ", + "
  • residential, for example a children\u2019s home
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1417" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/return-home-voluntarily", + "scenario": "I am 25 and an immigrant from Somalia. I have been in the UK for seven years. In this time I have qualified as a doctor and wish to return to my home country to help people there.", + "question": "Is there any sort of financial assistance I am eligible for to help me return to my home country?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • have already been given humanitarian protection, indefinite leave to remain or refugee status in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • have an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re in the UK illegally or have overstayed your visa or permission to stay
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve withdrawn, or want to withdraw, your application to stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve made a claim for asylum in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have a letter from UK Visas and Immigration confirming you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get help to return to your home country. This is known as \u2018voluntary return\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can usually apply for help to return home (\u2018voluntary return\u2019) if any of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in the UK illegally or have overstayed your visa or permission to stay
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve withdrawn, or want to withdraw, your application to stay in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve made a claim for asylum in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have a letter from UK Visas and Immigration confirming you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply for voluntary return if you:

    ", + "
  • have already been given humanitarian protection, indefinite leave to remain or refugee status in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have a Frontier Worker permit
    • ", + "
  • have an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa
    • ", + "

    The voluntary returns service can provide up to \u00a33,000 in financial support to help you after you leave the UK. If you are eligible, you will receive a single payment on a card before you leave the UK. You can only use the card in your home country.

    ", + "

    You can apply for financial support if any of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you are returning to a \u2018developing country\u2019, as defined by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
    • ", + "

    Contact the voluntary returns service if you\u2019re not sure whether or not you\u2019re eligible.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1418" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-council-tax-band", + "scenario": "I have been paying Council Tax on my house for over 7 years now. When I started my house was located in a semi-rural area, but then nearby city has been expanding rapidly and that is no longer the case. Around 3 months ago an ASDA supermarket was opened close to my house.", + "question": "Am I eligible to challenge my band under these circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019ve been paying Council Tax on your property for more than 6 months you can only challenge your band in specific circumstances. These include if:

    ", + "
  • your local area has changed - for example, a new supermarket has been built
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1419" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-council-tax-band", + "scenario": "Me and my son recently challenged my Council Tax band after he informed me that the property and its surroundings has changed enough for us to challenge the band. I let him help me with the process and now we are waiting no the results. He was not sure about some details surrounding the process.", + "question": "Do I stop paying the current Council Tax band while the challenge is in action?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must continue paying your Council Tax while the challenge is happening.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1420" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transferring-your-pension", + "scenario": "For 15 years I lived and worked in Chile as a teacher. I have a pension scheme from that job and my subsequent career. I have spent the last 20 years working in the UK and I am thinking of retiring.", + "question": "Can I join my two pensions together here in the UK?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1421" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transferring-your-pension", + "scenario": "I have had seven jobs throughout my working life of 25 years. Each one had a different pension scheme.", + "question": "Can I take the money from each scheme and invest them for my retirement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • your existing pension scheme allows you to transfer some or all of your pension pot
    • ", + "
  • the scheme that you wish to transfer into will accept the transfer
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may want to move some or all of your pension fund (sometimes called a \u2018pension pot\u2019) if:

    ", + "
  • you have pensions from more than one employer and want to bring them together
    • ", + "

    You can transfer your UK pension pot to another registered UK pension scheme.

    ", + "
  • your existing pension scheme allows you to transfer some or all of your pension pot
    • ", + "
  • the scheme that you wish to transfer into will accept the transfer
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1422" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dbs-check-applicant-criminal-record", + "scenario": "I am running a small business and recently had to fire my only employee after they were convicted of theft. I really need a new employee as fast as possible since my business can not operate smoothly without one. After the circumstances surrounding my last employee I want to run a criminal record check on any new potential employees.", + "question": "How long does it take to run a basic criminal record check?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 14 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A basic check takes up to 14 days.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1423" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dbs-check-applicant-criminal-record", + "scenario": "After a major breach in our company and a large sum of money being stolen by one of our managers my boss insists that we run criminal record checks on everyone. This includes nearly 100 employees and I am worried it might become quite expensive and not worth running the check on every single employee. I suggested we only run the checks on people with high level of access such as managers but my boss insists we run them on everyone.", + "question": "How much does a basic check cost per employee?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a323", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A basic check costs \u00a323. The responsible organisation may also charge an administration fee.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1424" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-for-flooding", + "scenario": "I own a detached house near the cherwell river. I have recently received a flood warning for our property. The river is likely to burst it's banks on Sunday and the property is at risk of flood damage.", + "question": "Where can I find sandbags for building flood defences?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "contact your local council to find out", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact your local council to find out where to get sandbags. You can also get them from some DIY or building supplies shops.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1425" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-for-flooding", + "scenario": "I have just purchased a 17th century home on the Thames. The property does not have any flood defences. I am concerned about flooding caused by global warming.", + "question": "What can I do to protect my property against future flooding", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "personal flood plan", + [] + ], + [ + "get advice from the national flood forum about how to protect your property and how much this will cost", + [] + ], + [ + "find flood protection products and services at blue pages", + [] + ], + [ + "maintain river beds and banks", + [ + "

    If you own property next to a watercourse, for example a river, culvert, brook or mill stream, you must:

    " + ] + ], + [ + "not obstruct the water flow", + [ + "

    If you own property next to a watercourse, for example a river, culvert, brook or mill stream, you must:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Plan how you\u2019ll respond to a flood. Use a template to make a:

    ", + "
  • personal flood plan
    • ", + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • get advice from the National Flood Forum about how to protect your property and how much this will cost
    • ", + "
  • find flood protection products and services at Blue Pages
    • ", + "

    If you own property next to a watercourse, for example a river, culvert, brook or mill stream, you must:

    ", + "
  • maintain river beds and banks
    • ", + "
  • not obstruct the water flow
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1426" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-rates", + "scenario": "My daughter is a full time social worker and earns a total income of \u00a340,000 per year. She gets a personal allowance of \u00a312,570.", + "question": "What is her tax rate for the year 2021-2022?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "0%", + [ + "Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0%" + ] + ], + [ + "20%", + [ + "Basic rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a350,270 | 20%" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    How much Income Tax you pay in each tax year depends on:

    ", + "
  • how much of your income is above your Personal Allowance
    • ", + "
  • how much of your income falls within each tax band
    • ", + "

    Some income is tax-free.

    ", + "

    The standard Personal Allowance is \u00a312,570, which is the amount of income you do not have to pay tax on.

    ", + "

    The table shows the tax rates you pay in each band if you have a standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,570.

    ", + "Band | Taxable income | Tax rate", + "Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0%", + "Basic rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a350,270 | 20%" + ], + "id": "train-1427" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-rates", + "scenario": "My uncle is a vehicle dealer and his financial income per year has now reached \u00a3126,000. He wants to apply for self assessment and do tax returns for the year 2021-2022.", + "question": "What is his personal allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "zero", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    How much Income Tax you pay in each tax year depends on:

    ", + "
  • how much of your income is above your Personal Allowance
    • ", + "
  • how much of your income falls within each tax band
    • ", + "

    The standard Personal Allowance is \u00a312,570, which is the amount of income you do not have to pay tax on.

    ", + "

    You can also see the rates and bands without the Personal Allowance. You do not get a Personal Allowance on taxable income over \u00a3125,140.

    ", + "

    Your Personal Allowance goes down by \u00a31 for every \u00a32 that your adjusted net income is above \u00a3100,000. This means your allowance is zero if your income is \u00a3125,140 or above.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1428" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/life-in-the-uk-test", + "scenario": "i have a disability that makes it hard to get around. i have made a booking to take the life in the uk test at a local test centre.", + "question": "Are rules the same to those with disabilities who want to take the test ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make special requests when you book your test, for example if you have a disability and need extra equipment or help accessing the centre.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1429" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/life-in-the-uk-test", + "scenario": "i have sat for my life in the uk test three times and have failed each one. in the last test i was only one point away from passing.", + "question": "how many times am i allowed to take the test ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "as many times as you need to", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must wait 7 days before taking the test again, but you can take the test as many times as you need to. You need to book and pay again each time.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1430" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transferring-your-pension", + "scenario": "I've gotten a very attractive offer from a pension scheme. it offers much better returns than my current one and I've started the switch. Something about the process does not seem right as the new scheme are being vague", + "question": "What should I do?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "contact action fraud", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact Action Fraud if you\u2019re transferring a pension and are concerned about a scam.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1431" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transferring-your-pension", + "scenario": "i'd like to transfer my pension scheme overseas as they seem to offer much better terms than those in the UK. the scheme is based in Australia.", + "question": "how much tax will i pay in tax when i transfer my pension scheme overseas ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "25%", + [ + "

    You do not have to pay tax if you live in the country your QROPS is based in. Otherwise you\u2019ll have to pay 25% tax.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You usually do not pay tax if you transfer to a QROPS provided by your employer. Check with the scheme to find out.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay tax if you live in the country your QROPS is based in. Otherwise you\u2019ll have to pay 25% tax.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "at least 40%", + [ + "

    If it\u2019s not a QROPS, your UK pension scheme may refuse to make the transfer, or you\u2019ll have to pay at least 40% tax on the transfer.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to transfer your UK pension savings to an overseas pension scheme.

    ", + "

    The overseas scheme you want to transfer your pension savings to must be a \u2018qualifying recognised overseas pension scheme\u2019 (QROPS). It\u2019s up to you to check this with the overseas scheme or your UK pension provider or adviser.

    ", + "

    If it\u2019s not a QROPS, your UK pension scheme may refuse to make the transfer, or you\u2019ll have to pay at least 40% tax on the transfer.

    ", + "

    Whether you pay tax depends on where the QROPS you transfer to is based. It\u2019s your responsibility to find out where this is.

    ", + "

    You usually do not pay tax if you transfer to a QROPS provided by your employer. Check with the scheme to find out.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay tax if you live in the country your QROPS is based in. Otherwise you\u2019ll have to pay 25% tax.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1432" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-for-flooding", + "scenario": "I am a school headteacher and in June last year we witnessed a lot of floods due to heavy rainfalls which destroyed part of our buildings. We need to be prepared for future catastrophes.", + "question": "Is there a template of a flood plan i can follow to prepare?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Plan how you\u2019ll respond to a flood. Use a template to make a:

    ", + "
  • community or group flood plan - if you\u2019re responsible for an organisation such as a school, hospital, care home or community group
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1433" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-for-flooding", + "scenario": "My family owns a house in a high flood risk area near a river bank. There is a water surge increase due to heavy rainfall. Part of our garden has been completely destroyed.", + "question": "Where can we get a low cost home insurance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "through flood re", + [] + ], + [ + "the national flood forum", + [] + ], + [ + "a broker that specialises in properties that are difficult to insure", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • find lower-cost home insurance through Flood Re if you\u2019re in a flood-risk area
    • ", + "
  • get insurance advice from the National Flood Forum
    • ", + "
  • find a broker that specialises in properties that are difficult to insure
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1434" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/life-in-the-uk-test", + "scenario": "My niece wants to take life in the UK test and has done enough preparations. She wants to apply for British citizenship.", + "question": "What does she need to have inorder to book for the exam?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "email address", + [] + ], + [ + "debit or credit card", + [] + ], + [ + "an accepted form of id", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need all of the following to book a test:

    ", + "
  • email address
    • ", + "
  • debit or credit card
    • ", + "
  • an accepted form of ID
    • ", + "

    You can use one of the following as ID to book the test:

    ", + "
  • valid passport
    • ", + "
  • valid travel document with a photo (you cannot use an emergency travel document)
    • ", + "
  • biometric residence permit
    • ", + "
  • biometric residence card
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1435" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/life-in-the-uk-test", + "scenario": "I want to sit the life in the UK test because I want to apply for British citizenship.I have done enough revision of the test.", + "question": "What is the required percentage for one to pass the exam?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "75% or more", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must score 75% or more to pass the test.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1436" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ask-for-a-visa-administrative-review", + "scenario": "In February 2021, I applied for a UK S2 Healthcare visa from Seattle, USA. My visa application was rejected and I initiated the administrative review process. My partner has received a skilled worker visa, allowing me to apply for a family visa. I now want to withdraw my review request.", + "question": "How do I withdraw my request?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "email the home office", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1437" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ask-for-a-visa-administrative-review", + "scenario": "I am a refugee coming to the UK on a refugee visa. When I arrived at UK boarder control, I was informed that my visa had been cancelled. I have nowhere to go and am not allowed to stay in the UK.", + "question": "Can I appeal the visa cancellation?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • there has been a change in your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • you gave false information
    • ", + "
  • you failed to include relevant facts
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll be told in your decision letter if you can ask for the decision to cancel your visa to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can ask for the decision to be reviewed if your visa was cancelled for one or more of the following reasons:

    ", + "
  • there has been a change in your circumstances
    • ", + "
  • you gave false information
    • ", + "
  • you failed to include relevant facts
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1438" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/difficulties-paying-hmrc", + "scenario": "I am a partner in a small legal practice. As part of my role, I discuss taxes with our accountant. We recently had a client go bankrupt with a large bill outstanding, this case took 9 months to complete. This payment makes up 70% of our income for the year and we cannot pay our taxes without it.", + "question": "What are the options to delay tax payment until the late payment is resolved?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "set up a time to pay arrangement with hmrc", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must arrange to pay your tax bill with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you either:

    ", + "
  • know you cannot pay on time
    • ", + "

    If you pay a tax bill late you must pay interest on the amount you owe until it\u2019s paid off. You can avoid penalties by arranging a payment plan with HMRC before the tax is due \u2013 or by 1 April for Self Assessment.

    ", + "

    You might be able to set up a Time to Pay Arrangement with HMRC if you\u2019re unable to pay any other taxes in full. This lets you spread the cost of your tax bill by paying what you owe in instalments.

    ", + "

    If you cannot pay all your tax bill, you may be able to:

    ", + "
  • pay your bill in instalments by Direct Debit
    • ", + "
  • get more time to pay
    • ", + "

    HMRC may offer you extra time to pay if they think you genuinely cannot pay in full now but will be able to pay in the future.

    ", + "

    You can set up a plan to pay in instalments by Direct Debit on dates they agree with you.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1439" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/difficulties-paying-hmrc", + "scenario": "I work in the gig economy for the majority of my income. Due to COVID-19, I was extremely busy as a Deliveroo worker and made more money than expected. Because of this, my tax bill is higher than I expected and I cannot pay it all at one time.", + "question": "How much interest will I have to pay on delayed tax payments?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1440" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/difficulties-paying-hmrc", + "scenario": "I am a thirty year old small business owner with only one employee. Due to the pandemic my business is in ruins but I have still been sent a large tax bill which I do not feel is deserved and I cannot pay. I feel frantic.", + "question": "Where can I turn for help in this situation?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "contact the hmrc coronavirus (covid-19) helpline", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact the HMRC coronavirus (COVID-19) helpline if you cannot pay any other tax bills because of coronavirus.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1441" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/difficulties-paying-hmrc", + "scenario": "I am self employed as a caterer and always do my own taxes. I was informed recently that I had made a mistake on my last self assessment form and owe quite a substantial amount of money to HMRC. I cannot pay at the present time.", + "question": "Is there anything I can do to delay the repayments I have to make?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "arranging a payment plan with hmrc", + [ + "

    If you owe Self Assessment tax and your bill is less than \u00a330,000 you may be able to pay in monthly instalments.

    ", + "
  • you owe \u00a330,000 or less
    • ", + "
  • you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC
    • ", + "
  • your tax returns are up to date
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you owe Self Assessment tax and your bill is less than \u00a330,000 you may be able to pay in monthly instalments.

    ", + "

    You can set up a payment plan online to spread the cost of your latest Self Assessment bill if:

    ", + "
  • you owe \u00a330,000 or less
    • ", + "
  • you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC
    • ", + "
  • your tax returns are up to date
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline
    • ", + "

    If you pay a tax bill late you must pay interest on the amount you owe until it\u2019s paid off. You can avoid penalties by arranging a payment plan with HMRC before the tax is due \u2013 or by 1 April for Self Assessment.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1442" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/return-home-voluntarily", + "scenario": "My name is Valentine. I was trafficked by a gang and held against my will in a seedy brothel and used as a sex slave.All I want is to return to my family in Albania.", + "question": "As i have no money or passport, can i get assistance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re in the UK illegally or have overstayed your visa or permission to stay
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve made a claim for asylum in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have a letter from UK Visas and Immigration confirming you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • have already been given humanitarian protection, indefinite leave to remain or refugee status in the UK
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get help to return to your home country. This is known as \u2018voluntary return\u2019.

    ", + "

    You may also be eligible to apply for financial support of up to \u00a33,000, which you can use to find somewhere to live, find a job or start a business in your home country.

    ", + "

    You can usually apply for help to return home (\u2018voluntary return\u2019) if any of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in the UK illegally or have overstayed your visa or permission to stay
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve made a claim for asylum in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you have a letter from UK Visas and Immigration confirming you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery
    • ", + "

    You cannot apply for voluntary return if you:

    ", + "
  • have already been given humanitarian protection, indefinite leave to remain or refugee status in the UK
    • ", + "

    The voluntary returns service can provide up to \u00a33,000 in financial support to help you after you leave the UK. If you are eligible, you will receive a single payment on a card before you leave the UK. You can only use the card in your home country.

    ", + "

    You can apply for financial support if any of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you are returning to a \u2018developing country\u2019, as defined by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1443" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/return-home-voluntarily", + "scenario": "My visa to stay in the UK expired and I panicked. I hid for a few months but i am tired of living like this and want to return to my home country.", + "question": "What methods of application are there?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "apply online", + [] + ], + [ + "contact the voluntary returns service", + [ + "

    If you cannot apply online

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To apply online for help to return to your home country you\u2019ll need:

    ", + "

    Contact the voluntary returns service.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1444" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor", + "scenario": "I am self-employed and have a business registered as a sole trader. I am new to the construction business and am finding it difficult to register for the Construction Industry Scheme.", + "question": "Can I apply for the scheme online as a sole trader?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader and you already have a UTR, you can register for CIS online. You\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for Self Assessment (or another government service).

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    If you do not have a UTR, register as a new business for Self Assessment and choose \u2018working as a subcontractor\u2019 when prompted. You\u2019ll be registered for Self Assessment and CIS at the same time.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You should register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if you work for a contractor and you\u2019re one of the following:

    ", + "
  • self-employed
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader and you already have a UTR, you can register for CIS online. You\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for Self Assessment (or another government service).

    ", + "

    If you do not have a UTR, register as a new business for Self Assessment and choose \u2018working as a subcontractor\u2019 when prompted. You\u2019ll be registered for Self Assessment and CIS at the same time.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1445" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor", + "scenario": "I have been operating as a sole trader in the construction business for a few years now. Recently I have been in talks with a few other traders in the same boat as me. We have began looking into forming a partnership and working together from here on out.", + "question": "Do we need to report the switch from sole traders to a partnership to the HM Revenue and Customs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You should register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if you work for a contractor and you\u2019re one of the following:

    ", + "
  • self-employed
    • ", + "
  • a partner in a partnership or trust
    • ", + "

    Tell them if you:

    ", + "
  • change from a sole trader to a partnership
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to register again for CIS - as you cannot transfer the registration from your old business structure.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1446" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-settlement-agreements", + "scenario": "I am a small business owner with half a dozen staff, both part time and full time. My yearly turnover and expenses are generally pretty consistent throughout the year.", + "question": "What is the maximum amount I claim from the PAYE settlement agreements?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1447" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-settlement-agreements", + "scenario": "I run into a lot of unexpected expenses due to the nature of my work and am not able to assess how many I am likely to get during the course of one year.", + "question": "Does the irregularity of my expenses preclude me from access to this scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The expenses or benefits you include in a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) must be minor, irregular or impracticable.

    ", + "

    Irregular benefits and expenses are things that are not paid at regular intervals over the course of a tax year, for example weekly or monthly. They\u2019re also things that employees do not have a contractual right to. Examples of irregular expenses and benefits include:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1448" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charities-and-tax", + "scenario": "I lead a team that manages the property for a large UK religion that is registered as a charity. In one location, the land around our place of worship was larger than we needed, so we built two houses on the spare land. We have now sold these to private individuals.", + "question": "Do we need to pay tax on the profits gained from the house sales?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Charities do not pay tax on most types of income as long as they use the money for charitable purposes.

    ", + "

    Your charity may need to pay tax if you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • received income that does not qualify for tax relief
    • ", + "

    Charities pay tax on:

    ", + "
  • profits from developing land or property
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1449" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charities-and-tax", + "scenario": "I am setting up a charity in my community to help care for those with long term debilitating illnesses. I want to start claiming gift aid on the donations made by individuals.", + "question": "What is the form for gift aid claims?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "chr1", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on bank interest and donations (this is known as Gift Aid).

    ", + "

    You can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on:

    ", + "
  • donations (this is known as Gift Aid)
    • ", + "

    If you receive income with tax deducted, for example donations you can claim Gift Aid on, you can claim it back:

    ", + "
  • by post, using form ChR1 - call the helpline to order it
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1450" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/respond-to-court-claim-for-money", + "scenario": "Me and my business partner had a falling apart and I sold my equity in the company to him. Now he claims I owe him around \u00a36000 for merchandise that has gone missing. I am certain I have not taken anything that belongs to the company and have only collected my personal belongings.", + "question": "Do I have to appear in court in order to defend and fight against the claim?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can defend the claim if either:

    ", + "
  • you do not think you owe the other person or business any money
    • ", + "

    You might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1451" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/respond-to-court-claim-for-money", + "scenario": "I was working with an advertising company to design a new website for them. There was an error in the calculation of my hourly rates which led to them signing me on and paying me more than what I should have been payed. Even though this was a mistake on their part when drafting up my contract I still agreed to pay back the difference and keep the actual amount I was supposed to be payed. They decided to file a claim requesting the entire sum of money back. Unfortunately I am out of the country at the moment and am having a hard time responding to and dealing with the claim.", + "question": "Am I able to request an extension on the time I was given to respond?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can respond by:

    ", + "
  • paying only what you think you owe
    • ", + "

    You can ask for another 14 days to respond if you\u2019re defending the claim or paying only what you think you owe.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1452" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-changes-to-your-limited-company", + "scenario": "I am the director of a web design company and I have just moved home, out of the city into the countryside. I am very busy with the move. ", + "question": "How long do I have to tell Companies House of my change?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "14 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell Companies House if you change your company\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • directors and company secretaries, including changes to their details
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House within 14 days if you make changes to:

    ", + "
  • your directors, or their personal details change, for example their address
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House about changes to your company\u2019s directors and secretaries, such as:

    ", + "
  • changes to personal details, for example residential addresses
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1453" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-changes-to-your-limited-company", + "scenario": "My Software company wants to change its share structure because the share holders are unhappy with their returns. ", + "question": "Would this requite a special resolution with an overwhelming majority to pass?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • change the number of shares the company has and their total value - this is your \u2018share capital\u2019 (the part of your company\u2019s money that comes from shares)
    • ", + "
  • change how your shares are distributed
    • ", + "
  • cancel any of your shares
    • ", + "
  • change (\u2018denominate\u2019) your shares into other currencies
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need your company\u2019s agreement before you can make some changes.

    ", + "

    You usually need to get directors or entitled shareholders to vote (known as \u2018passing a resolution\u2019) on whether or not to make some changes.

    ", + "

    Things that usually need a resolution include:

    ", + "
  • changing your company\u2019s share structure
    • ", + "

    You may need a special resolution to change your company\u2019s share structure. This includes if you:

    ", + "
  • change the number of shares the company has and their total value - this is your \u2018share capital\u2019 (the part of your company\u2019s money that comes from shares)
    • ", + "
  • change how your shares are distributed
    • ", + "
  • cancel any of your shares
    • ", + "
  • change (\u2018denominate\u2019) your shares into other currencies
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1454" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-allowances", + "scenario": "I own and manage a hairdressers and we are currently under performing.", + "question": "Is it possible to claim on interest payments for equipment I have bought?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You claim for the cost of things that are not business assets in a different way. This includes:

    ", + "
  • interest payments or finance costs for buying assets
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1455" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-allowances", + "scenario": "I am an employee of an IT consulting firm. I drive 30 minutes to work every morning. I am aware that I can claim back some fuel costs.", + "question": "Can I also claim capitol allowances for cars?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re an employee you cannot claim capital allowances for cars, motorbikes and bicycles you use for work, but you may be able to claim for business mileage and fuel costs.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1456" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/entertainment-and-modelling-agencies", + "scenario": "I am a photographer for weddings and other events, recently I decided to look into working with an agency to help me find work. I signed a contract with the agency a little over a month ago and they are yet to make any of my information available to potential hirers. Since then I established my own website and find a steady flow of work through it.", + "question": "Am I able to request a refund from the agency based on my circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can charge fees as an entertainment and modelling agency for finding someone work.

    ", + "

    The fees you charge depend on if the person is:

    ", + "
  • a performer or worker
    • ", + "

    You can only charge upfront fees for listing the worker or performer\u2019s details in promotional publications or on websites to help them find work.

    ", + "

    If there is a fee for promoting a worker, you can only charge this 7 days after the start of the contract.

    ", + "

    This covers the following types of workers:

    ", + "
  • photographer
    • ", + "

    Work-seekers have the right to a refund if the promotional information isn\u2019t made available to potential hirers within 60 days of a fee being paid.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1457" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/entertainment-and-modelling-agencies", + "scenario": "I recently founded a company that would provide promotional assistance to entertainers and performance freelancers. We are currently mostly interested in working with people involved in film production as either sound designers, editors or makeup artists. We have began drafting up contracts for potential workers seeking our services.", + "question": "What information do we need to disclose in our legal agreements with the workers?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the work-finding services that you\u2019ll provide them", + [] + ], + [ + "any authority you have to act on behalf of them", + [] + ], + [ + "any authorisations to receive any money on behalf of them", + [] + ], + [ + "any fees or commissions you\u2019ll charge for finding work", + [] + ], + [ + "how your fee or commission will be paid", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Terms and conditions of your service and your fees must be agreed in writing (for example, in a contract) with the worker, performer or model.

    ", + "

    These must include details of:

    ", + "
  • the work-finding services that you\u2019ll provide them
    • ", + "
  • any authority you have to act on behalf of them
    • ", + "
  • any authorisations to receive any money on behalf of them
    • ", + "
  • any fees or commissions you\u2019ll charge for finding work
    • ", + "
  • how your fee or commission will be paid
    • ", + "
  • how any commissions or fees will be refunded
    • ", + "
  • the length of time the worker, performer or model needs to give to end the contract
    • ", + "
  • the length of time you need to give to end a worker, performer or models\u2019s contract
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1458" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-customers-export-opportunities", + "scenario": "I am selling specialised computer monitors and selling within UK. I heard there are some good opportunities outside of UK. Before I start looking for overseas customers", + "question": "Where can I get help?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "great.gov.uk", + [ + "
  • make sure your business is ready to export
    • ", + "
  • show your products directly to overseas buyers through the \u2018find a buyer\u2019 service
    • ", + "
  • find overseas opportunities for your product or service
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "e-exporting programme", + [ + "
  • advice on developing a strategy from e-commerce and international trade experts
    • ", + "
  • special rates for some of the world\u2019s most popular online selling platforms
    • ", + "
  • regular updates on e-commerce trends and opportunities to hear from industry experts and network with other online traders
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "department for international trade (dit)", + [ + "
  • helping you prepare for a trade show or overseas market visit (sometimes grants are available - check with the event organiser)
    • ", + "
  • arranging introductions to potential overseas buyers, agents and distributors (there\u2019s a charge for this service)
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "defence and security organisation (dso)", + [ + "
  • presentations, product demonstrations and hosting delegations (including a bespoke hanger for exhibitions and demonstration centre for cyber security products)
    • ", + "
  • displaying your products on the DSO stand at exhibitions and trade shows
    • ", + "
  • booking military personnel to appear on your stand at an exhibition or trade show
    • ", + "
  • providing after sales training to customers
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Use great.gov.uk to:

    ", + "
  • make sure your business is ready to export
    • ", + "
  • show your products directly to overseas buyers through the \u2018find a buyer\u2019 service
    • ", + "
  • find overseas opportunities for your product or service
    • ", + "

    And join the e-exporting programme to get:

    ", + "
  • advice on developing a strategy from e-commerce and international trade experts
    • ", + "
  • special rates for some of the world\u2019s most popular online selling platforms
    • ", + "
  • regular updates on e-commerce trends and opportunities to hear from industry experts and network with other online traders
    • ", + "

    The Department for International Trade (DIT) has a network of trade specialists who can also help you find overseas customers by:

    ", + "
  • helping you prepare for a trade show or overseas market visit (sometimes grants are available - check with the event organiser)
    • ", + "
  • arranging introductions to potential overseas buyers, agents and distributors (there\u2019s a charge for this service)
    • ", + "

    Contact the Defence and Security Organisation (DSO) for help with:

    ", + "
  • presentations, product demonstrations and hosting delegations (including a bespoke hanger for exhibitions and demonstration centre for cyber security products)
    • ", + "
  • displaying your products on the DSO stand at exhibitions and trade shows
    • ", + "
  • booking military personnel to appear on your stand at an exhibition or trade show
    • ", + "
  • providing after sales training to customers
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1459" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-customers-export-opportunities", + "scenario": "I am new to the export. I recently starting exporting PPE kit to European countries . I sense that there are plenty of opportunities outside of EU", + "question": "Where I get help from a specialist who can help me finding customers outside Europe ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "department for international trade (dit)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The Department for International Trade (DIT) has a network of trade specialists who can also help you find overseas customers by:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1460" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-buy-shares", + "scenario": "I would like to buy \u00a3800 of shares in an IT company. ", + "question": "If I am using a stock transfer form, will I need to pay stamp duty?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you buy shares, you usually pay a tax or duty of 0.5% on the transaction.

    ", + "

    If you buy:

    ", + "
  • shares using a stock transfer form, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty if the transaction is over \u00a31,000
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1461" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-buy-shares", + "scenario": "I inherited some shares from my Father when he sadly passed away last year. I don't know much about them, but I would like to sell.", + "question": "do I need to pay capitol gains tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you may need to pay capital gains tax", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your shares.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1462" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/eori", + "scenario": "My company in England develops and distributes fitness related supplements such as protein powders. We are planning an expansion into Europe by opening a permanent office in Germany. After looking into getting an EORI number myself I found out I am ineligible to apply for one.", + "question": "Are there options for a third party to apply for an EORI number on behalf of my business?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "appoint someone to deal with customs on your behalf", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) if you move goods:

    ", + "
  • between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or the Isle of Man and any other country (including the EU)
    • ", + "

    To get an EORI number, your business usually needs to have premises based in the country you want to import to or export from - this is called \u2018being established\u2019. Your premises will need to be either a:

    ", + "
  • permanent business establishment - premises where some of your customs-related activities are taking place and your HR and technical resources are permanently located
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re not eligible to apply for an EORI number yourself, you\u2019ll need to appoint someone to deal with customs on your behalf. The person you appoint will need to get the EORI number instead of you.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1463" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/eori", + "scenario": "I am the director of a limited company. Me and my business associate from France are looking into opening a business together that will involve transporting computer hardware goods between the two countries. This is our first international business venture so we are new to the processes and regulations involved in transporting goods outside of our respective countries. I recently found out that I might need an EORI number based on our business structure.", + "question": "What documentation would I need to prepare in order to be able to apply?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "unique taxpayer reference (utr)", + [ + "

    If you move goods to or from Great Britain you must get an EORI number that starts with GB. If you already have an EORI number and it does not start with GB, you must apply for a GB EORI number.

    ", + "

    You may also need an EORI number starting with XI if you move goods to or from Northern Ireland.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "business start date and standard industrial classification (sic) code", + [ + "

    If you move goods to or from Great Britain you must get an EORI number that starts with GB. If you already have an EORI number and it does not start with GB, you must apply for a GB EORI number.

    ", + "

    You may also need an EORI number starting with XI if you move goods to or from Northern Ireland.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "government gateway user id and password", + [ + "

    If you move goods to or from Great Britain you must get an EORI number that starts with GB. If you already have an EORI number and it does not start with GB, you must apply for a GB EORI number.

    ", + "

    You may also need an EORI number starting with XI if you move goods to or from Northern Ireland.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "vat number and effective date of registration", + [ + "

    If you move goods to or from Great Britain you must get an EORI number that starts with GB. If you already have an EORI number and it does not start with GB, you must apply for a GB EORI number.

    ", + "

    You may also need an EORI number starting with XI if you move goods to or from Northern Ireland.

    ", + "
  • VAT number and effective date of registration (if you\u2019re VAT registered) - these are on your VAT registration certificate
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "an enquiry form", + [ + "

    You may also need an EORI number starting with XI if you move goods to or from Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    Once you have your GB EORI number then fill in an enquiry form, making sure you:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Which type of EORI number you need and where you get it from depends on where you\u2019re moving goods to and from. You may need more than one.

    ", + "

    If you move goods to or from Great Britain you must get an EORI number that starts with GB. If you already have an EORI number and it does not start with GB, you must apply for a GB EORI number.

    ", + "

    You may also need an EORI number starting with XI if you move goods to or from Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    To apply for an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) you need your:

    ", + "
  • Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - find your UTR if you do not know it
    • ", + "
  • business start date and Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code - these are in the Companies House register
    • ", + "
  • Government Gateway user ID and password
    • ", + "
  • VAT number and effective date of registration (if you\u2019re VAT registered) - these are on your VAT registration certificate
    • ", + "

    Once you have your GB EORI number then fill in an enquiry form, making sure you:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1464" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "scenario": "I recently started designing and printing out stickers, posters and other decorative pieces. Currently I am operating from a small room in my house dedicated to my business venture and sending out the products through post. This is the first time I am operating a business and all of the taxes and regulations are new to me.", + "question": "Do my circumstances demand from me to pay business rates?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • your property is part business and part domestic, for example if you live above your shop
    • ", + "
  • you sell goods or services to people who visit your property
    • ", + "
  • you employ other people to work at your property
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve made changes to your home for your business, for example converted a garage to a hairdresser\u2019s
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not usually have to pay business rates for home-based businesses if you:

    ", + "
  • use a small part of your home for your business, for example if you use a bedroom as an office
    • ", + "
  • sell goods by post
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay business rates as well as Council Tax if:

    ", + "
  • your property is part business and part domestic, for example if you live above your shop
    • ", + "
  • you sell goods or services to people who visit your property
    • ", + "
  • you employ other people to work at your property
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve made changes to your home for your business, for example converted a garage to a hairdresser\u2019s
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1465" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "scenario": "My father left me the apartment across the hall from mine in his will. It has been over a year since it has been vacated and has mostly been used as storage space whenever I have needed it. I recently started offering it on websites such as Booking and AirBnB and it has been booked every night since.", + "question": "What number of days would I have to lend out the property for before I have to pay business rates?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "70 days", + [ + "

    If your property is in Wales it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates if it\u2019s both:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Business rates are charged on most non-domestic properties, like:

    ", + "
  • holiday rental homes or guest houses
    • ", + "

    If your property is in England and available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year, it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates.

    ", + "

    If your property is in Wales it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates if it\u2019s both:

    ", + "
  • available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year
    • ", + "
  • actually let for 70 days
    • ", + "

    There are different rules in Scotland.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1466" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-contractor", + "scenario": "I run a small family owned construction company specialising in groundworks. We are looking to expand, and as part of that take on some contractors so we can work on several sites at once.", + "question": "Do I need to register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • builder
    • ", + "
  • labour agency
    • ", + "
  • gangmaster (or gang leader)
    • ", + "
  • property developer
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • paid for by a charity or trust
    • ", + "
  • paid for by a governing body or head teacher of a maintained school on behalf of the local education authority
    • ", + "
  • on the subcontractor\u2019s own property and worth less than \u00a31,000 excluding materials - you must call the CIS helpline to get an exemption
    • ", + "
  • architecture and surveying
    • ", + "
  • scaffolding hire (with no labour)
    • ", + "
  • carpet fitting
    • ", + "
  • delivering materials
    • ", + "
  • work on construction sites that is clearly not construction, for example running a canteen or site facilities
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if:

    ", + "
  • you pay subcontractors to do construction work
    • ", + "

    The Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) covers most construction work to buildings, including site preparation, decorating and refurbishment.

    ", + "

    If your business is construction and you pay subcontractors for construction work, you\u2019re a \u2018mainstream\u2019 contractor. This applies if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • builder
    • ", + "
  • labour agency
    • ", + "
  • gangmaster (or gang leader)
    • ", + "
  • property developer
    • ", + "

    CIS does not apply if your work is:

    ", + "
  • paid for by a charity or trust
    • ", + "
  • paid for by a governing body or head teacher of a maintained school on behalf of the local education authority
    • ", + "
  • on the subcontractor\u2019s own property and worth less than \u00a31,000 excluding materials - you must call the CIS helpline to get an exemption
    • ", + "

    There are also certain jobs that are exempt from the scheme, including:

    ", + "
  • architecture and surveying
    • ", + "
  • scaffolding hire (with no labour)
    • ", + "
  • carpet fitting
    • ", + "
  • delivering materials
    • ", + "
  • work on construction sites that is clearly not construction, for example running a canteen or site facilities
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1467" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-contractor", + "scenario": "I am a site manager for the site of a large property developer. We want to install a temporary canteen staffed by contractors as there are large numbers of employed workers on site right now.", + "question": "Do we have to register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme for the canteen?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if:

    ", + "
  • you pay subcontractors to do construction work
    • ", + "

    The Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) covers most construction work to buildings, including site preparation, decorating and refurbishment.

    ", + "

    If your business is construction and you pay subcontractors for construction work, you\u2019re a \u2018mainstream\u2019 contractor. This applies if you\u2019re a:

    ", + "
  • property developer
    • ", + "

    There are also certain jobs that are exempt from the scheme, including:

    ", + "
  • work on construction sites that is clearly not construction, for example running a canteen or site facilities
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1468" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charities-and-tax", + "scenario": "I am on a permanent job and receive an income of more than \u00a360,000. I pay a tax of more than \u00a37000. I want to help a charity who use the money for a cancer research", + "question": "As I tax already deducted thru PAYE , Can the charity reclaim my tax money ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on bank interest and donations (this is known as Gift Aid).

    ", + "

    You can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on:

    ", + "
  • donations (this is known as Gift Aid)
    • ", + "

    If you receive income with tax deducted, for example donations you can claim Gift Aid on, you can claim it back:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1469" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charities-and-tax", + "scenario": "We recently build a religious building and worshiped by many in my. neighbourhood. We been registered as an charity as well. People come for worship have donated money", + "question": "Do we have to pay tax on the donation money received from worshippers ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Charities do not pay tax on most types of income as long as they use the money for charitable purposes.

    ", + "

    As a charity you do not pay tax on most of your income and gains if you use it for charitable purposes - this is known as \u2018charitable expenditure\u2019.

    ", + "

    This includes tax:

    ", + "
  • on donations
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1470" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unfair-terms-in-sales-contracts", + "scenario": "I buy and sell goods online and this forms the major part of my income. I want to protect myself against potential complaints on unsatisfactory services.", + "question": "Can I add terms on user's satisfaction to avoid such potential complaints?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are different rules on what\u2019s fair for:

    ", + "
  • consumer contracts
    • ", + "

    You might not be able to enforce terms or notices if they try to avoid your responsibility in other ways, eg:

    ", + "
  • unsatisfactory services
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1471" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unfair-terms-in-sales-contracts", + "scenario": "I recently bought a car online and it immediately broke down when I got it home. The vendor is refusing to interact with me because they claim in their terms that they will not be responsible to the car if it has left their store.", + "question": "Can I make a complaint?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019re legally responsible for certain situations, eg when goods you sell are faulty. You must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t enforce unfair terms in a consumer contract, or unfair consumer notices (eg signs on a shop wall or in a car park).

    ", + "

    You can never enforce terms or notices that try to avoid your responsibility for:

    ", + "
  • faulty goods
    • ", + "

    Consumers can also take legal action themselves to challenge unfair terms or notices.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1472" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/protecting-company-from-compulsory-liquidation", + "scenario": "I run my own tanning salon which has been operational for five years. Partly due to Covid, we have run up a lot of debt and we feel we are unable to clear it. We feel that this is a little unfair as Covid was not our fault.", + "question": "Is there any help available to us given our problems are not really our fault?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1473" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/protecting-company-from-compulsory-liquidation", + "scenario": "We have run a small boutique for the past 12 years and recently it has been badly struggling. We cannot pay our debts and have been threatened with court proceedings. We really do not want to close a business we have worked hard to build up.", + "question": "What do we do about the threat of a court summons?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "pay the debt", + [] + ], + [ + "reach an agreement with the creditor to pay the debt in the future", + [] + ], + [ + "put your company into administration", + [] + ], + [ + "apply to liquidate (\u2018wind up\u2019) your company yourself", + [] + ], + [ + "challenge the court judgment", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your limited company can be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if it cannot pay its debts.

    ", + "

    The people or organisations your company owes money to (your \u2018creditors\u2019) can apply to the court to get their debts paid.

    ", + "

    They can do this by either:

    ", + "
  • getting a court judgment
    • ", + "

    To respond, you must do one of the following:

    ", + "
  • pay the debt
    • ", + "
  • reach an agreement with the creditor to pay the debt in the future, for example by using a Company Voluntary Arrangement
    • ", + "
  • put your company into administration
    • ", + "
  • apply to liquidate (\u2018wind up\u2019) your company yourself
    • ", + "
  • challenge the court judgment
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1474" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/machine-game-duty", + "scenario": "I have 4 different arcade games machines in my pub and they all cost different amounts to play.", + "question": "do I have to pay different machine games duty depending on the cost to play?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) if there are machines that give cash prizes on your premises. You pay duty on:

    ", + "
  • slot and fruit machines, and other gaming machines
    • ", + "

    You pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) on the total net takings from your machine games.

    ", + "

    If your machine has more than one type of game, you pay the rate for the highest rated game on all takings from the machine.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1475" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "scenario": "I have just taken over the rent for a small shop in Birmingham for my business. It seems that the business rates due are ridiculously high.", + "question": "Is there any way of getting the property rateable value corrected?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask for your property\u2019s rateable value to be corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1476" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "scenario": "I am a farmer in Oxfordshire. The farm includes several stable blocks. I rent out some of the stable space to nearby horse owners.", + "question": "Do I need to pay business rates on the stables?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You usually need to pay business rates on your stables, unless you use your horses for farming.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll probably have to pay business rates if you use a building or part of a building for non-domestic purposes.

    ", + "

    You usually need to pay business rates on your stables, unless you use your horses for farming.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1477" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-businesses", + "scenario": "I have a VAT registered business and sell hand gloves. I got some samples from a company for my staffs and loyal customers to test the product so I can place a bulk order", + "question": "Do I have to pay VAT on the products that I received as samples ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    VAT is charged on things like:

    ", + "
  • business sales - for example when you sell goods and services
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t have to pay VAT on things like free samples if they meet certain conditions.

    ", + "Supplies | Condition to meet so no VAT due", + "Free samples | Used for marketing purposes and provided in a quantity that lets potential customers test the product" + ], + "id": "train-1478" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-contractor", + "scenario": "My company rents out apartments and we are planning an expansion that will involve constructing a new building instead of buying singular apartments. We have subcontracted and employed the people needed for the job and as such registered as a Construction Industry Scheme contractor.", + "question": "How often would we need to file documentation regarding the scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "each month", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if:

    ", + "
  • you pay subcontractors to do construction work
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll need to file monthly returns and keep full CIS records - you may get a penalty if you do not.
    • ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) each month about payments you\u2019ve made to subcontractors through your monthly return.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1479" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-contractor", + "scenario": "My business partners and I developed a novelty tech accessory for laptops and computers. Business has been growing rapidly the past few years and we had begun to struggle keeping up with demand. This led to us deciding to open a larger factory designed specifically with producing our product in mind. In the past 10 months we have spent over \u00a34 million on construction for our mega factory.", + "question": "Do we have to register for the Construction Registry Scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if:

    ", + "
  • your business does not do construction work but you have spent more than \u00a33 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment
    • ", + "

    The Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) covers most construction work to buildings, including site preparation, decorating and refurbishment.

    ", + "

    You count as a \u2018deemed\u2019 contractor if your business does not do construction work but you have spent more than \u00a33 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment. This could apply to:

    ", + "

    You must monitor your construction spend if you are likely to become a deemed contractor.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1480" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-lawful-development-certificate-decision", + "scenario": "I have applied for a lawful development certificate and I am unhappy with the decision made and now want to appeal it. The building is a listed building.", + "question": "What is the deadline for making my appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "6 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal against a lawful development certificate decision if either:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with it
    • ", + "

    There\u2019s normally no deadline. If you\u2019re appealing an application about a listed building lawful development certificate, you must appeal within 6 months of the decision.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1481" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-lawful-development-certificate-decision", + "scenario": "My business partner applied for a lawful development certificate and I disagree with the decision that was made and want to appeal it.", + "question": "Can I appeal the decision on my business partner's behalf or do they have to appeal themselves?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal against a lawful development certificate decision if either:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with it
    • ", + "

    Only the person who made the lawful development certificate application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1482" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "scenario": "I have a medium sized dairy farm in England and am starting to sell my own milk.", + "question": "can I sell my milk in imperial pints without reference to metric measurements on the packaging?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • milk in returnable containers by pint
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must use metric measurements (grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres) when selling packaged or loose goods in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    The only products you can sell in imperial measures are:

    ", + "
  • milk in returnable containers by pint
    • ", + "

    You can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1483" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "scenario": "I am the store manager at a super market, during the winter we sell solid fuel in bags. ", + "question": "If the fuel is in sealed bags are there any specified quantities that we must sell in by weight?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "25kg", + [] + ], + [ + "50kg", + [] + ], + [ + "multiples of 50kg", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Some goods must be sold in fixed sizes known as \u2018specified quantities\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can sell sealed bags of solid fuel in any size you wish but if you\u2019re selling it loose, you can only sell it in quantities of:

    ", + "
  • 25kg
    • ", + "
  • 50kg
    • ", + "
  • multiples of 50kg
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1484" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing", + "scenario": "I am in the process of expanding my coffee shop business into a number of new locations. I have noticed that the two main players appear to be engaged in anti competitive behaviour - i.e. they rarely operate from nearby locations, and when they do, I have noted that prices are higher than elsewhere in the country and also identical in both shops", + "question": "Who do I contact to report a cartel?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "competition and markets authority (cma)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must follow the rules on all types of anti-competitive activity including:

    ", + "
  • price fixing, bid rigging and other ways of agreeing not to compete (sometimes called \u2018cartels\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You must avoid all types of anti-competitive activity in your business including:

    ", + "
  • agreeing not to compete with another business
    • ", + "

    You can report anti-competitive activity if you see it.

    ", + "

    If 2 or more businesses agree not to compete with each other in certain ways, it\u2019s called a \u2018cartel\u2019.

    ", + "

    Rules about cartels cover:

    ", + "
  • price fixing
    • ", + "
  • sharing markets or customers
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be breaking the law if you agree with another business:

    ", + "
  • to charge the same prices to your customers
    • ", + "

    You cannot agree with other businesses to share markets or customers. You\u2019ll be breaking competition law if you agree with another business:

    ", + "
  • not to compete with them for customers, for example in specific locations
    • ", + "

    A cartel is where two or more businesses agree not to compete with each other, for example by sharing a market or fixing prices.

    ", + "

    Contact the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) cartels hotline if you:

    ", + "
  • know about a cartel
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1485" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing", + "scenario": "I used to work in the head office for a major UK supermarket with a 30% market share. My role included setting prices for a number of products. We used to have regular meetings with our competitors to discuss offers and pricing, to make sure each shop had a number of low priced \"draw in\" products at any one time. I recently realized this is cartel.", + "question": "What penalty will I get?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "fined up to 10% of its worldwide turnover and sued for damages", + [ + "

    Your business can be fined up to 10% of its worldwide turnover and sued for damages.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years", + [ + "

    You can be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years if you\u2019re found guilty of being involved in cartel activity.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "disqualified from being a director for up to 15 years", + [ + "

    Company directors can be disqualified from being a director for up to 15 years.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "treated with leniency", + [ + "
  • be treated with leniency if you report a cartel you\u2019ve been involved with
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must follow the rules on all types of anti-competitive activity including:

    ", + "
  • price fixing, bid rigging and other ways of agreeing not to compete (sometimes called \u2018cartels\u2019)
    • ", + "

    Your business can be fined up to 10% of its worldwide turnover and sued for damages.

    ", + "

    You can be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years if you\u2019re found guilty of being involved in cartel activity.

    ", + "

    Company directors can be disqualified from being a director for up to 15 years.

    ", + "

    You must avoid all types of anti-competitive activity in your business including:

    ", + "
  • agreeing not to compete with another business
    • ", + "

    If 2 or more businesses agree not to compete with each other in certain ways, it\u2019s called a \u2018cartel\u2019.

    ", + "

    Rules about cartels cover:

    ", + "
  • price fixing
    • ", + "

    You must not discuss the prices you\u2019re going to charge your customers with your competitors.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be breaking the law if you agree with another business:

    ", + "
  • to offer discounts or increase your prices at the same time
    • ", + "

    A cartel is where two or more businesses agree not to compete with each other, for example by sharing a market or fixing prices.

    ", + "

    You may:

    ", + "
  • be treated with leniency if you report a cartel you\u2019ve been involved with
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1486" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-fire-safety-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I own a small business that services bicycles. I own an office building, and employ seven employees that work directly in this office. I want to carry out a fire risk assessment but I have no expertise.", + "question": "Can I appoint someone to help with the fire risk assessment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019re responsible for fire safety in business or other non-domestic premises if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • the owner
    • ", + "

    As the responsible person you must:

    ", + "
  • carry out a fire risk assessment of the premises and review it regularly
    • ", + "

    Non-domestic premises are:

    ", + "
  • all workplaces and commercial premises
    • ", + "

    As the responsible person you must carry out and regularly review a fire risk assessment of the premises. This will identify what you need to do to prevent fire and keep people safe.

    ", + "

    If you do not have the expertise or time to do the fire risk assessment yourself you need to appoint a \u2018competent person\u2019 to help, for example a professional risk assessor.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1487" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-fire-safety-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I am a landlord of a commercial property that I own. I was recently issued an alterations notice from a visit from our local fire and rescue authority. I disagree with their assessment.", + "question": "How long do I have to appeal the notice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "21 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get an alterations notice if your premises have high safety risks or will have high safety risks if the use of the premises changes.

    ", + "

    You can appeal to your local magistrates\u2019 court within 21 days of receiving a notice.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1488" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marketing-advertising-law", + "scenario": "I own a small independent company that makes artisan yogurts. When I was out shopping today I noticed that a certain German discount supermarket was advertising a new premium yogurt product. In the advert they have used all our brand colours, and the packaging, fonts, even the name is a very close resemblance to our brand.", + "question": "How long do I have to make a complaint about the advert?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Anyone who thinks advertising rules have been broken can complain to the ASA within 3 months of the advert appearing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1489" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marketing-advertising-law", + "scenario": "My printery business still has a fax machine as certain business customers still communicate this way. We keep recieving unsolicited marketing fax messages.", + "question": "Is it legal to send unsolicited fax messages to companies?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All marketing and advertising must be:

    ", + "
  • legal
    • ", + "

    You must check if customers want to be contacted by fax, phone, post or email, and give them the chance to object. You must be able to prove you\u2019ve done this.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not allowed to send marketing faxes to individuals unless you\u2019ve received their prior permission, but you can send unsolicited faxes to companies.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1490" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-reporting-expenses-benefits", + "scenario": "We are mid-sized IT company and have around 200 employees in total. As part of our benefits to the employees we provide a healthcare benefits for the employees. We provide them an annual plan", + "question": "About the healthcare benefits we provide to the employers. Do we have to record the evidences. If yes how long the records must be kept ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Examples of expenses and benefits include:

    ", + "
  • health insurance
    • ", + "

    You must keep a record of all expenses and benefits you provide to your employees.

    ", + "

    Records must be kept for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1491" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-reporting-expenses-benefits", + "scenario": "We are a small company with 10 employees. We provide car and mileage allowances for some of the employees. We are relatively a new company", + "question": "What are the information we have to submit HMRC about the expenses we provide to employees ?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1492" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing", + "scenario": "I own a small independent sweet shop which has been operational for over five years. We have a reasonably good yearly turnover and many regular customers. Recently, another sweet store selling the same things opened two doors down from us. This has affected our profits significantly.", + "question": "Is it legal for another similar shop to have opened so close?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1493" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing", + "scenario": "I am a take away owner and a rival take away has taken to consistently undercutting my prices and duplicating any special deals which we offer. This is affecting our turnover.", + "question": "Can I report this behaviour and have it stopped?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • it has more than a 40% market share
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s not affected by normal competitive restraints
    • ", + "
  • charge low prices that do not cover your costs so you drive out competitors
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must follow the rules on all types of anti-competitive activity including:

    ", + "
  • abuse of a dominant market position
    • ", + "

    You can report anti-competitive activity if you think another business is breaking the law, or if you might have been involved yourself.

    ", + "

    You must avoid all types of anti-competitive activity in your business including:

    ", + "
  • abusing a dominant position
    • ", + "

    Your business might have a \u2018dominant position\u2019 in the market if:

    ", + "
  • it has more than a 40% market share
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s not affected by normal competitive restraints
    • ", + "

    You might be abusing your dominant position if you\u2019re unfair to your customers or other businesses, for example you:

    ", + "
  • charge low prices that do not cover your costs so you drive out competitors
    • ", + "

    The way you report anti-competitive activity depends on the type of activity.

    ", + "

    Tell the CMA if you have concerns about anti-competitive activity. Email general.enquiries@cma.gov.uk with the following information:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1494" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-settlement-agreements", + "scenario": "My clothing brand had quite the irregular year in terms of expenses. From sending employees abroad to attend fashion shows for research purposes, to organizing company wide social events. I applied for a PSA a few months ago thinking it would help me manage the expenses I needed to pay taxes on. I struggled with the process to an extend an recently found out that it would not achieve the desired results.", + "question": "What forms would I need to file to be able to cancel my PSA request?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the return slip section of the p626", + [] + ], + [ + "p11d", + [] + ], + [ + "psa1", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) allows you to make one annual payment to cover all the tax and National Insurance due on minor, irregular or impracticable expenses or benefits for your employees.

    ", + "

    The expenses or benefits you include in a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) must be minor, irregular or impracticable.

    ", + "

    Irregular benefits and expenses are things that are not paid at regular intervals over the course of a tax year, for example weekly or monthly. They\u2019re also things that employees do not have a contractual right to. Examples of irregular expenses and benefits include:

    ", + "
  • the cost of attending overseas conferences
    • ", + "

    To change the items covered by your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA), send details of the changes to the office that issued it. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a revised P626 that you need to sign and return.

    ", + "

    To cancel your PSA, fill in the return slip section of the P626 and send it to HMRC.

    ", + "

    You need to report any outstanding tax and National Insurance Contributions (NICs) due on benefits and expenses using forms P11D and PSA1.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1495" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-settlement-agreements", + "scenario": "My hardware store generated quite a decent amount of profit in the past year. That being said we sent out larger holiday bonuses to our employees and expanded the stores stock to feature more high-end models of specific products. I am interested in applying for a PSA but am a bit confused on exactly what it would cover.", + "question": "Will the PSA be able to cover the company bonuses that were payed out?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) allows you to make one annual payment to cover all the tax and National Insurance due on minor, irregular or impracticable expenses or benefits for your employees.

    ", + "

    The expenses or benefits you include in a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) must be minor, irregular or impracticable.

    ", + "

    You cannot include wages, high-value benefits like company cars, or cash payments such as:

    ", + "
  • bonuses
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1496" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-buy-shares", + "scenario": "I am new to buying shares and my friend recently suggested to buy few shares online. The shares I am buying will cost me more than \u00a31000", + "question": "What tax do I need to pay on the shares I buy?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "stamp duty reserve tax", + [ + "
  • shares electronically, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT)
    • ", + "
  • shares using a stock transfer form, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty if the transaction is over \u00a31,000
    • ", + "
  • existing shares in a company incorporated in the UK
    • ", + "
  • an option to buy shares
    • ", + "
  • an interest in shares, for example an interest in the money from selling them
    • ", + "
  • shares in a foreign company that has a share register in the UK
    • ", + "
  • rights arising from shares, for example rights you have when new shares are issued
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) if you buy shares electronically through the \u2018CREST\u2019 system (a computerised register of shares and shareowners).

    ", + "

    You must also pay SDRT on \u2018off-market\u2019 transactions. This is when shares are transferred outside CREST.

    ", + "
  • you buy shares through a stock transfer form
    • ", + "
  • the transaction is over \u00a31,000
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "capital gains tax", + [ + "

    You may need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your shares.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you buy:

    ", + "
  • shares electronically, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT)
    • ", + "
  • shares using a stock transfer form, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty if the transaction is over \u00a31,000
    • ", + "

    You pay tax when you buy:

    ", + "
  • existing shares in a company incorporated in the UK
    • ", + "
  • an option to buy shares
    • ", + "
  • an interest in shares, for example an interest in the money from selling them
    • ", + "
  • shares in a foreign company that has a share register in the UK
    • ", + "
  • rights arising from shares, for example rights you have when new shares are issued
    • ", + "

    You may need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your shares.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) if you buy shares electronically through the \u2018CREST\u2019 system (a computerised register of shares and shareowners).

    ", + "

    You must also pay SDRT on \u2018off-market\u2019 transactions. This is when shares are transferred outside CREST.

    ", + "

    You must pay Stamp Duty on your shares if:

    ", + "
  • you buy shares through a stock transfer form
    • ", + "
  • the transaction is over \u00a31,000
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1497" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-buy-shares", + "scenario": "I hold 1000 shares of a construction company. As part of settling a loan from a bank I decided to transfer some of my shares to the bank and the bank agreed as well", + "question": "Are there any stamp duty I have to pay when I transfer my shares to the bank ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) or Stamp Duty at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.

    ", + "

    This is when the shares are transferred to a service operated by a third party (for example, a bank). The shares can then be traded free of Stamp Duty or SDRT.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    Not all of these schemes work like this. Sometimes the higher rate is not charged and you pay Stamp Duty or SDRT in the normal way. Check the details of your scheme with your stockbroker.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) or Stamp Duty at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.

    ", + "

    This is when the shares are transferred to a service operated by a third party (for example, a bank). The shares can then be traded free of Stamp Duty or SDRT.

    ", + "

    Not all of these schemes work like this. Sometimes the higher rate is not charged and you pay Stamp Duty or SDRT in the normal way. Check the details of your scheme with your stockbroker.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1498" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/entertainment-and-modelling-agencies", + "scenario": "I am representing the daughter of a colleague who is interested in pursing a career in modelling. I have already lined up some magazine work for her for which I will be paid an hourly rate.", + "question": "What can I charge for finding the job for my colleague's daughter?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "including information about them in a publication or website", + [] + ], + [ + "providing a service to find the model work", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can charge fees as an entertainment and modelling agency for finding someone work.

    ", + "

    The fees you charge depend on if the person is:

    ", + "
  • a model
    • ", + "

    However, after you\u2019ve found work for a model you can charge fees for:

    ", + "
  • including information about them in a publication or website
    • ", + "
  • providing a service to find the model work (these fees must have been agreed with the model before you started looking for work for them)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1499" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/entertainment-and-modelling-agencies", + "scenario": "I work as a burlesque dancer on a freelance basis, ie my agent finds me work in various different venues. My income varies tremendously according to the availabity of work.", + "question": "Is it possible that my agent is taking a bigger fee than they should be?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The fees you charge depend on if the person is:

    ", + "
  • a performer or worker
    • ", + "

    Workers, performers and models need to agree to your terms and conditions before you can charge fees.

    ", + "

    Terms and conditions of your service and your fees must be agreed in writing (for example, in a contract) with the worker, performer or model.

    ", + "

    These must include details of:

    ", + "
  • any fees or commissions you\u2019ll charge for finding work
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t charge fees or deduct money from an entertainment worker or performer\u2019s earnings until they agree to your terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    Other fees or commission for finding work normally come out of the worker or performer\u2019s earnings from the employment that you found.

    ", + "

    You can charge fees for the following performers:

    ", + "
  • dancers
    • ", + "

    You can charge fees for other services such as producing a photo or show reel. You have to put the terms and conditions for these in a separate document. You need to give this to the performer, model or entertainment worker before providing these services.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1500" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-lawful-development-certificate-decision", + "scenario": "I own a house with a private garden . My garden fence is only 3 feet from a public road so for more privacy I decided to erect a 8 feet fence but the allowed height is only 6 feet", + "question": "I applied for a permission to have a 8 feet fence. My application was made 10 weeks before but no decision made. Can I appeal ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal against a lawful development certificate decision if either:

    ", + "
  • the decision was not made within 8 weeks (6 weeks for work to a listed building)
    • ", + "

    Only the person who made the lawful development certificate application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1501" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-lawful-development-certificate-decision", + "scenario": "I have a semi detached house and my living room space was small so I decided to extent my living room. Driving way parking is close to the living room so I decided utilise that space. I applied for a lawful development certificate", + "question": "My application was rejected but I appealed the decision. what happens after I appeal ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the planning inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid.", + [] + ], + [ + "the planning inspectorate will then consider your appeal", + [] + ], + [ + "you can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019", + [ + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal against a lawful development certificate decision if either:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with it
    • ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1502" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-businesses", + "scenario": "I am running a business which is selling toys for kids under 10. Recently I got a big stock of toys and sold most of them. I have few left over toys which I am planning to donate to a charity", + "question": "What evidence do I need to verify the charity I am giving the goods are eligible for zero or reduced rate of VAT ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "evidence that they\u2019re a charity", + [] + ], + [ + "a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming they meet the conditions for the particular vat relief", + [] + ], + [ + "their charity commission registration number", + [] + ], + [ + "a letter of recognition from hm revenue and customs (hmrc) if they\u2019re not registered with the charity commission for england and wales (for example if they\u2019re a scottish or northern irish charity)", + [ + "
  • a letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if they\u2019re not registered with the Charity Commission for England and Wales (for example if they\u2019re a Scottish or Northern Irish charity)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As a VAT-registered business, you can sell certain goods and services to charities at the zero or reduced rate of VAT.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to check the charity is eligible, and to apply the correct rate.

    ", + "

    To make sure the charity is eligible, ask them for:

    ", + "
  • evidence that they\u2019re a charity
    • ", + "
  • a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming they meet the conditions for the particular VAT relief
    • ", + "

    The charity should give you either:

    ", + "
  • their Charity Commission registration number
    • ", + "
  • a letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if they\u2019re not registered with the Charity Commission for England and Wales (for example if they\u2019re a Scottish or Northern Irish charity)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1503" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-labelling-and-packaging", + "scenario": "I make jams, chutneys and curds to sell at a local farmer's market. I try to ensure that my products are correctly labelled but am sometimes worried that I am not including all the information I am legally obliged to.", + "question": "Where can I find details of what I have to include on the labels of my food?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1504" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-labelling-and-packaging", + "scenario": "Recently I purchased a jar of homemade rum butter from a local market. I was verbally assured that it would have no trace of nuts, even though there was no label to this effect. When my son ate some he had an allergic reaction and ended up in hospital. I am very angry about this", + "question": "Was the vendor/manufactuer breaking the law in not correctly labelling their product?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To sell food and drink products, the label must be:

    ", + "
  • clear and easy to read
    • ", + "
  • permanent
    • ", + "
  • easy to understand
    • ", + "
  • easily visible
    • ", + "
  • not misleading
    • ", + "

    You must show certain basic information and list the ingredients. You might also have to show certain warnings.

    ", + "

    You must show the following information:

    ", + "
  • any necessary warnings
    • ", + "
  • a list of ingredients (if there is more than 1)
    • ", + "

    If your food or drink product has 2 or more ingredients (including any additives), you must list them all. Ingredients must be listed in order of weight, with the main ingredient first.

    ", + "

    You must highlight allergens on the label using a different font, style or background colour. You must also list them in the ingredients.

    ", + "

    The allergens you need to highlight and list are:

    ", + "
  • nuts
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1505" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-allowances", + "scenario": "I am a dairy farmer and regulary buy machinery for my farm. The amount that I pay varies tremendously from season to season, however.", + "question": "What is the maximum amount can I claim on capital allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "1 million", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim capital allowances when you buy assets that you keep to use in your business, for example:

    ", + "
  • machinery
    • ", + "

    In most cases, the value is what you paid for the item. Use the market value (the amount you\u2019d expect to sell it for) instead if:

    ", + "

    Plant and machinery includes:

    ", + "
  • items that you keep to use in your business, including cars
    • ", + "
  • costs of demolishing plant and machinery
    • ", + "

    You can deduct the full value of an item that qualifies for annual investment allowance (AIA) from your profits before tax.

    ", + "

    The AIA amount has temporarily increased to \u00a31 million between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020.

    ", + "1 million | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020 | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020" + ], + "id": "train-1506" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-allowances", + "scenario": "I use a car for my small home delivery business. The car is used exclusively for business purposes and not for private use.SI", + "question": "Is there a distinction between business and private use when it come to vehicle ownership?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim capital allowances when you buy assets that you keep to use in your business, for example:

    ", + "
  • business vehicles, for example cars, vans or lorries
    • ", + "

    You can claim capital allowances on cars you buy and use in your business. This means you can deduct part of the value from your profits before you pay tax.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and you also use your car outside your business, calculate how much you can claim based on the amount of business use.

    ", + "

    If your business provides a car for an employee or director you can claim capital allowances on the full cost. You may need to report it as a benefit if they use it personally.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1507" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/energy-performance-certificate-commercial-property", + "scenario": "I just recently purchased an art gallery in Norwich that will be frequently visited by the public. It does not already have an EPC, so I want to apply for one.", + "question": "For how long is an EPC valid?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "10 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must display an EPC by fixing it to your commercial building if all these apply:

    ", + "
  • the building is frequently visited by the public
    • ", + "

    The cost of an EPC will depend on the building being assessed. All EPCs are valid for 10 years.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1508" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "scenario": "I make homemade toffee and fudge to sell at a local market store. This is sold loose according to how much the customer wants.", + "question": "Could I be in trouble if I sold the goods in imperial units?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.

    ", + "

    You can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You must use metric measurements (grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres) when selling packaged or loose goods in England, Scotland or Wales.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must use metric measurements (grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres) when selling packaged or loose goods in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    You can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.

    ", + "

    You can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1509" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "scenario": "I am a big fan of British cheese and I am upset to find that I can no longer purchase it in Imperial units as I used to. It is not the same bought in kilos!", + "question": "Why can I no longer buy cheese or other goods in imperial units?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1510" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-labelling-and-packaging", + "scenario": "I am setting up a small business from home selling honey from Greece in the UK. The honey comes in ceramic pots and I have bought it as already packaged to sell. ", + "question": "do I still need a declaration of compliance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are special rules for using plastics, ceramics or cellophane for packaging. You must have written evidence that you\u2019ve kept to them.

    ", + "

    This is known as a \u2018declaration of compliance\u2019 and you can get it from your packaging supplier. You also have to get one if you buy food that\u2019s already packaged for sale in any of those materials.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1511" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-labelling-and-packaging", + "scenario": "As a sole trader, if I am selling a product that is very long lasting on my stall at the village fair, such as apple cider vinegar. ", + "question": "Can I safely drop the 'best before date' on the food packaging?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must show certain basic information and list the ingredients. You might also have to show certain warnings.

    ", + "

    You must show the following information:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018best before\u2019 or \u2018use by\u2019 date
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1512" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/liquidate-your-company", + "scenario": "My company operates a few food stands in a few cities. The last 12 months our profits plummeted and we are in debt of over \u00a35000. As it stands it would appear that I we are unable to maintain operation for long. I have a business partner and we both own 50% of the business. He believes we will be able to get back on our feet and turn a profit in the next 6 months.", + "question": "Can I apply to liquidate the company if I own only 50%?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can choose to liquidate your limited company (also called \u2018winding up\u2019 a company).

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of liquidation:

    ", + "
  • compulsory liquidation - your company cannot pay its debts and you apply to the courts to liquidate it
    • ", + "

    A director can propose a company stops trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if:

    ", + "
  • the company cannot pay its debts (it\u2019s \u2018insolvent\u2019)
    • ", + "

    A director can ask a court to order the company to stop trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019).

    ", + "

    You need to show the court that:

    ", + "
  • the company cannot pay its debts of \u00a3750 or more
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1513" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/liquidate-your-company", + "scenario": "A business I was working with filed for liquidation after a very unsuccessful year. It was an up and coming fashion brand which required materials for their clothing line. My company has been supplying them with the necessary materials. We had just finished an order for them a few days before they announced their liquidation. Half of the materials had been payed for before hand but the other half still awaits payment.", + "question": "Since they filed for liquidation who will be in charge or ensuring creditors like us get paid?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the liquidator", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you liquidate a company, its assets are used to pay off its debts. Any money left goes to shareholders. You\u2019ll need a validation order to access your company bank account.

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of liquidation:

    ", + "
  • creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation - your company cannot pay its debts and you involve your creditors when you liquidate it
    • ", + "

    The liquidator is an authorised insolvency practitioner or official receiver who runs the liquidation process.

    ", + "

    They will:

    ", + "
  • sell off the company\u2019s assets and use any money to pay creditors
    • ", + "

    In a creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation, the liquidator acts in the interest of the creditors not the directors.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1514" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-safety-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I run an Indian takeaway business. I have recently had a visit from the council hygiene inspector, and unfortunately the results came back lower than expected, with a score of 3 out of 5. I am planning to get re-tested after making improvements.", + "question": "Do I have to display the current rating to my customers?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your business deals in food you must:

    ", + "
  • display your food hygiene rating (if you sell food direct to the public)
    • ", + "

    You can be inspected by your local council at any point in the food production and distribution process. All inspectors must follow the Food Law Code of Practice. Usually, you won\u2019t be told an inspection is going to happen.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1515" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-safety-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I run a well regarded french restaurant in London. Unfortunately due to an undetected fault with one of our fridges, uncovered by our chef this morning, we think that some of the food sold yesterday might have been unsafe.", + "question": "How can I report this food incident?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "submit a food safety incident report", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell the Food Standards Agency (FSA) if you think any food your business:

    ", + "
  • has sold is unsafe
    • ", + "

    Submit a food safety incident report.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1516" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-reporting-expenses-benefits", + "scenario": "I own a letting agency in Bristol. I want to provide my employees with a company car so that they can travel more easily to our properties.", + "question": "What details of this expense should be recorded?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the date and details of every expense or benefit you provide", + [] + ], + [ + "any information needed to work out the amounts you put on your end-of-year forms", + [] + ], + [ + "any payment your employee contributes to an expense or benefit", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Examples of expenses and benefits include:

    ", + "
  • company cars
    • ", + "

    You must keep a record of all expenses and benefits you provide to your employees.

    ", + "

    Your records need to show that you\u2019ve reported accurately and your end-of-year forms are correct.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to keep a record of:

    ", + "
  • the date and details of every expense or benefit you provide
    • ", + "
  • any information needed to work out the amounts you put on your end-of-year forms
    • ", + "
  • any payment your employee contributes to an expense or benefit
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1517" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-reporting-expenses-benefits", + "scenario": "I employee ten people in my bicycle repair shop in Salford. I pay a flat rate as part of their earnings to cover the cost of their uniforms and tools for work.", + "question": "Can my employees check their own expenses?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You don\u2019t have to report certain business expenses and benefits like:

    ", + "
  • uniform and tools for work
    • ", + "

    To qualify for an exemption, you must be either be:

    ", + "
  • paying a flat rate to your employee as part of their earnings - this must be either a benchmark rate or a special (\u2018bespoke\u2019) rate approved by HMRC
    • ", + "

    Your employees aren\u2019t allowed to check their own expenses, so someone else within your company needs to do this to make sure they\u2019re legitimate.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1518" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/protecting-company-from-compulsory-liquidation", + "scenario": "I own a fitness equipment company and recently we planned an expansion of business into branding our own water flasks. Unfortunately the venture was less then successful and my company is now in debt. The creditors of the business are thinking of filing for the wind up of the company. As of right now my paid up share capital is under \u00a3100,000", + "question": "Which court should I apply to in order to prevent my creditors from applying to wind up my company?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "use the court finder to find a court", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your limited company can be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if it cannot pay its debts.

    ", + "

    The people or organisations your company owes money to (your \u2018creditors\u2019) can apply to the court to get their debts paid.

    ", + "

    They can do this by either:

    ", + "
  • making an official request for payment - this is called a statutory demand
    • ", + "

    Your creditors can apply to wind up your company if you do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the court to stop (\u2018restrain\u2019) your creditors from applying to wind up your company. You must do this within 21 days of getting the statutory demand.

    ", + "

    Which court you apply to depends on how much money shareholders have paid into your company by buying shares (\u2018paid up share capital\u2019).

    ", + "

    Your paid up share capital is less than \u00a3120,000

    ", + "

    Use the court finder to find a court dealing with insolvency. You must use the court nearest your company\u2019s registered office.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1519" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/protecting-company-from-compulsory-liquidation", + "scenario": "My software retail business has suffered significant losses in the past 12 months and my creditors have applied to wind the business. I attended a hearing in court and the verdict stated that I am found unable to pay my debts.", + "question": "Am I still going to be able to access and use the company related bank accounts?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The people or organisations your company owes money to (your \u2018creditors\u2019) can apply to the court to get their debts paid.

    ", + "

    Your creditors can apply to the court to close down your company. They do this by making an application called a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019.

    ", + "

    If the court decides you cannot pay your debts

    ", + "

    When you get a winding-up order:

    ", + "
  • your company\u2019s bank account will usually be frozen
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1520" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/respond-to-court-claim-for-money", + "scenario": "I run a shoe business. I purchased a bulk order from a dealer because of the demand during a festive period. I have paid for the order in full but they claim that I have not paid in full", + "question": "The dealer has filed a court claim for the money. I want to counterclaim, is it possible ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll get a letter or email if someone claims you owe them money. You must respond by the date on the email or letter you receive.

    ", + "
  • defending the claim (if you do not think you owe any money or you\u2019ve already paid)
    • ", + "

    You can defend the claim if either:

    ", + "
  • you do not think you owe the other person or business any money
    • ", + "

    You can also make a claim against them (\u2018counterclaim\u2019) if you think they owe you money. You might have to pay a court fee.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1521" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/respond-to-court-claim-for-money", + "scenario": "I run a door lock repair business. Due to the pandemic, there was not much work and borrowed some money from a small money lending firm and could not repay it and they have filed a court claim", + "question": "I am prepared to pay the money in instalments. Will the court accept me paying in instalments ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    If the claimant does not accept your offer, the court will decide how you pay.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can respond by:

    ", + "
  • paying the full amount
    • ", + "

    If you cannot afford to pay the full amount at once

    ", + "

    You can offer to pay in instalments or by a certain date.

    ", + "

    If the claimant does not accept your offer, the court will decide how you pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1522" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-childminder-nanny", + "scenario": "I recently was made redundant from my job in a nursery. I want to set up my own business offering childminding services for children under 5 years old.", + "question": "Which register do I need to join?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the early years register", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you want to be paid to look after children under 8, you might need to register with Ofsted or a childminder agency.

    ", + "

    Which register you join depends on:

    ", + "
  • the age of the children you\u2019re looking after
    • ", + "
  • if you\u2019re registering as a childminder or a nanny
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a childminder and you look after children from birth to 5 years old you must join the Early Years Register. This lets you look after children up to 31 August after their fifth birthday.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1523" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-childminder-nanny", + "scenario": "I am close friends with my neighbour. She has asked me if I would be a childminder for her children aged 4 and 7 for 1-2 hours a day during the week.", + "question": "Do I need to formally register as a childminder to do this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you want to be paid to look after children under 8, you might need to register with Ofsted or a childminder agency.

    ", + "

    You must register as a childminder if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the children are under the age of 8
    • ", + "

    You do not need to register if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a family friend and if you look after the children less than 3 hours a day
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1524" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor", + "scenario": "I am a self employed brick layer working regularly in my local area. ", + "question": "Will the Construction Industry Scheme save me money on my deduction?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You should register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if you work for a contractor and you\u2019re one of the following:

    ", + "
  • self-employed
    • ", + "

    Under CIS, a contractor must deduct 20% from your payments and pass it to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    These deductions count as advance payments towards your tax and National Insurance bill.

    ", + "

    If you do not register for the scheme, contractors must deduct 30% from your payments instead.

    ", + "

    When a contractor pays you under CIS, they\u2019ll normally make deductions at the standard rate of 20%.

    ", + "

    Contractors will make deductions at a higher rate of 30% if:

    ", + "
  • you are not registered for CIS
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1525" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor", + "scenario": "I work as a partner in a Trust and am using the construction industry scheme. I also have gross payments status. ", + "question": "If I am late with a tax return what are the possible outcomes?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "hmrc will remove your gross payment status", + [ + "

    You must be on time with your tax returns and payments to keep your gross payment status.

    ", + "

    You could fail the review and HMRC will remove your gross payment status. You\u2019ll be allowed a small amount of late payments or returns.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "will not affect your gross payment status", + [ + "

    Contact HMRC if you have problems paying your tax on time. If HMRC give you more time to pay, this will not affect your gross payment status.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have gross payment status, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will review your business every year, to decide if you can keep your status.

    ", + "

    You must be on time with your tax returns and payments to keep your gross payment status.

    ", + "

    You could fail the review and HMRC will remove your gross payment status. You\u2019ll be allowed a small amount of late payments or returns.

    ", + "

    Contact HMRC if you have problems paying your tax on time. If HMRC give you more time to pay, this will not affect your gross payment status.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1526" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-childminder-nanny", + "scenario": "My daughter has three children, two of whom are under school age. She has asked me if I would be prepared to look after them whilst she is at her part time job.", + "question": "What steps do I need to take to become a paid carer for my grandchildren?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists from the disclosure and barring service (dbs)", + [] + ], + [ + "first aid training for the age group you will look after", + [] + ], + [ + "childcare training", + [] + ], + [ + "a health declaration booklet", + [] + ], + [ + "contact details for 2 references", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you want to be paid to look after children under 8, you might need to register with Ofsted or a childminder agency.

    ", + "

    You will need:

    ", + "
  • an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) - you must get the right criminal record check
    • ", + "
  • first aid training for the age group you will look after
    • ", + "
  • childcare training - speak to your local council
    • ", + "
  • a health declaration booklet
    • ", + "
  • contact details for 2 references
    • ", + "
  • a certificate of good character from an embassy - if you\u2019ve lived abroad in the past 5 years
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1527" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-childminder-nanny", + "scenario": "It has been my ambition to work with children for a long time and I would like to go abroad to work as a nanny, particularly for children under five. I submitted my application of registration but unfortunately got rejected.", + "question": "What actions can I task if my application is refused?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "object to a decision", + [ + "

    You can object to a decision if you\u2019ve been sent a \u2018notice of intention\u2019.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "appeal to an independent tribunal", + [ + "

    If you disagree with Ofsted\u2019s final decision, you can appeal to an independent tribunal.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can object to a decision if you\u2019ve been sent a \u2018notice of intention\u2019.

    ", + "

    If you disagree with Ofsted\u2019s final decision, you can appeal to an independent tribunal.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1528" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-fire-safety-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "Me and my partner employ various care workers through our Care Staff Agency. It is a small business with one office. ", + "question": "As we are both equal partners and employers who would be responsible for the fire safety.?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "work together", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019re responsible for fire safety in business or other non-domestic premises if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • an employer
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re known as the \u2018responsible person\u2019. If there\u2019s more than one responsible person, you have to work together to meet your responsibilities.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1529" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-fire-safety-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I am extending my caf\u00e9, the building work will allow for more tables and hopefully more custom. ", + "question": "For a small extension, will fire safety have to be designed into the work the builder is doing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When building new premises or doing building work on existing premises, you must comply with building regulations. This includes designing fire safety into the proposed building or extension.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1530" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/liquidate-your-company", + "scenario": "I have a limited company and I am the director and running it for the last 8 years. I am from Spain and planning to move back to Spain and applied for a liquidation of my company", + "question": "While my application is in progress what happens to my funds in the bank ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your company\u2019s bank account will be frozen", + [ + "

    Your company\u2019s bank account will be frozen when someone files a petition to wind up the company.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "its assets are used to pay off its debts. any money left goes to shareholders.", + [ + "

    When you liquidate a company, its assets are used to pay off its debts. Any money left goes to shareholders. You\u2019ll need a validation order to access your company bank account.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you liquidate a company, its assets are used to pay off its debts. Any money left goes to shareholders. You\u2019ll need a validation order to access your company bank account.

    ", + "

    Your company\u2019s bank account will be frozen when someone files a petition to wind up the company.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1531" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/liquidate-your-company", + "scenario": "I have a limited company and I am the director and because of the recent IR35 rules I have decided to take a permanent role and planning to apply for liquidation of my company . I have three shareholder in my limited company", + "question": "Do I have get share holder's permission to file a liquidation ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can choose to liquidate your limited company (also called \u2018winding up\u2019 a company).

    ", + "

    A director can propose a company stops trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if:

    ", + "
  • enough shareholders agree
    • ", + "

    You must call a meeting of shareholders and ask them to vote.

    ", + "

    75% (by value of shares) of shareholders must agree to the winding-up to pass a \u2018winding-up resolution\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1532" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marketing-advertising-law", + "scenario": "We have recently created a beauty product and been selling to the local supermarket stores. Recently we decided to market the product online we have started receiving orders and queries from customers. As part of this we have store some customer information", + "question": "Can we use their information to send them targeted advertisement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You must check if customers want to be contacted by fax, phone, post or email, and give them the chance to object. You must be able to prove you\u2019ve done this.

    ", + "

    When you collect customer details, you must get their permission if you want to send them other offers or promotions.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not allowed to send marketing faxes to individuals unless you\u2019ve received their prior permission, but you can send unsolicited faxes to companies.

    ", + "

    If you want to make automated calls - with pre-recorded phone messages - you must get the permission of the individual or business first.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re only allowed to send marketing emails to individual customers if they\u2019ve given you permission.

    ", + "

    You must tell visitors to your website how your site uses cookies, and ask if they want to accept them.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must check if customers want to be contacted by fax, phone, post or email, and give them the chance to object. You must be able to prove you\u2019ve done this.

    ", + "

    When you collect customer details, you must get their permission if you want to send them other offers or promotions.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re not allowed to send marketing faxes to individuals unless you\u2019ve received their prior permission, but you can send unsolicited faxes to companies.

    ", + "

    If you want to make automated calls - with pre-recorded phone messages - you must get the permission of the individual or business first.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re only allowed to send marketing emails to individual customers if they\u2019ve given you permission.

    ", + "

    You must tell visitors to your website how your site uses cookies, and ask if they want to accept them.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1533" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marketing-advertising-law", + "scenario": "We have a store selling fitness products to the people. We have decided to expand out portfolio and decided to sell the product online and started preparing the images and videos of our product.", + "question": "Where can I looking for acceptable guidance for describing a product ?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1534" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/eori", + "scenario": "I run a haulage company that uses heavy goods vehicles to transport a variety of produce from England to France.", + "question": "What type of EORI number do I need?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "an eori number that starts with gb", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) if you move goods:

    ", + "
  • between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or the Isle of Man and any other country (including the EU)
    • ", + "

    Which type of EORI number you need and where you get it from depends on where you\u2019re moving goods to and from. You may need more than one.

    ", + "

    If you move goods to or from Great Britain you must get an EORI number that starts with GB. If you already have an EORI number and it does not start with GB, you must apply for a GB EORI number.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1535" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/eori", + "scenario": "I run a small business making bicycles that is based in England. I want to start shipping our products to Northern Ireland.", + "question": "To get an XI EORI number, do I need to have a GB EORI number first?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) if you move goods:

    ", + "
  • between Great Britain and Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    If you move goods to or from Great Britain you must get an EORI number that starts with GB. If you already have an EORI number and it does not start with GB, you must apply for a GB EORI number.

    ", + "

    You may also need an EORI number starting with XI if you move goods to or from Northern Ireland.

    ", + "

    You must have an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) that starts with XI if you:

    ", + "
  • move goods into Northern Ireland from Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales)
    • ", + "

    You must have applied for a GB EORI number before you can get an XI EORI number.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1536" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "scenario": "I am self employed as a carer and often drive my own car to the homes of those I support. ", + "question": "Can I use a flat rate for my vehicle mileage when I calculate it at the end of the year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Simplified expenses are a way of calculating some of your business expenses using flat rates instead of working out your actual business costs.

    ", + "

    Simplified expenses can be used by:

    ", + "
  • sole traders
    • ", + "

    You can use flat rates for:

    ", + "
  • business costs for some vehicles
    • ", + "

    Calculate your vehicle expenses using a flat rate for mileage instead of the actual costs of buying and running your vehicle, for example insurance, repairs, servicing, fuel.

    ", + "

    You can use simplified expenses for:

    ", + "
  • cars (except cars designed for commercial use, for example black cabs or dual control driving instructors\u2019 cars)
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1537" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "scenario": "I am a sole trader and use a motorcycle to deliver my magazines. ", + "question": "Does the flat rate for simplified expenses change dependant on total mileage?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Simplified expenses can be used by:

    ", + "
  • sole traders
    • ", + "

    You can use flat rates for:

    ", + "
  • business costs for some vehicles
    • ", + "Vehicle | Flat rate per mile with simplified expenses", + "Motorcycles | 24p" + ], + "id": "train-1538" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "scenario": "I am self employed and travel a lot. I own a car and planning to apply for flat rate VAT", + "question": "How much money I can claim per mile ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "45p", + [ + "

    You cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.

    ", + "Cars and goods vehicles first 10,000 miles | 45p" + ] + ], + [ + "25p", + [ + "Vehicle | Flat rate per mile with simplified expenses", + "Cars and goods vehicles after 10,000 miles | 25p" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Simplified expenses can be used by:

    ", + "
  • sole traders
    • ", + "

    You can use flat rates for:

    ", + "
  • business costs for some vehicles
    • ", + "

    You cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.

    ", + "Vehicle | Flat rate per mile with simplified expenses", + "Cars and goods vehicles first 10,000 miles | 45p", + "Cars and goods vehicles after 10,000 miles | 25p" + ], + "id": "train-1539" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "scenario": "I am self employed and an Information. technology professional. I work from home a lot and pay excess telephone and internet charges", + "question": "Will I be able to claim telephone expenses through flat rate ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Simplified expenses are a way of calculating some of your business expenses using flat rates instead of working out your actual business costs.

    ", + "

    Simplified expenses can be used by:

    ", + "
  • sole traders
    • ", + "

    You can use flat rates for:

    ", + "
  • working from home
    • ", + "

    Calculate your allowable expenses using a flat rate based on the hours you work from home each month.

    ", + "

    The flat rate does not include telephone or internet expenses. You can claim the business proportion of these bills by working out the actual costs.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1540" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unfair-terms-in-sales-contracts", + "scenario": "I own a small corner shop convenience store in a pleasant suburb. I had a notice outside which read 'try the best lemonade you have ever had'.", + "question": "A customer has complained. who decides if the wording used is unfair?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the courts", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If a customer complains

    ", + "

    It\u2019s up to the courts to decide if a term in your contract or wording in your notices is unfair.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1541" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unfair-terms-in-sales-contracts", + "scenario": "I have recently started working on a job as a landscape gardener and the work is taking longer than expected. As I have been very busy with family life, no time has been agreed as to how long it should take.", + "question": "does the customer have implied rights in this area?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your customers also have implied rights when buying your goods or services, unless the contract legally states otherwise.

    ", + "

    Your customers have implied rights when buying your goods or services.

    ", + "

    Implied rights mean services must be carried out:

    ", + "
  • within a reasonable time (if no specific time has been agreed)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1542" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-changes-to-your-limited-company", + "scenario": "My company works with and promotes online personalities and influencers. We recently went public with hopes of growing our business at a faster rate. The venture has been very successful and we are looking to alter the amount of shares we offer and their value.", + "question": "What documents do we need to prepare in order to apply for the change?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a notice about the change you\u2019ve made", + [] + ], + [ + "a \u2018statement of capital\u2019", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell Companies House if you change your company\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • share, for example issuing new shares or changing your share structure
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House about any changes to your company\u2019s share structure that you make outside your annual return.

    ", + "

    You may need a special resolution to change your company\u2019s share structure. This includes if you:

    ", + "
  • change the number of shares the company has and their total value - this is your \u2018share capital\u2019 (the part of your company\u2019s money that comes from shares)
    • ", + "
  • cancel any of your shares
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House within a month if you issue more shares in your company.

    ", + "

    You must include a notice about the change you\u2019ve made and a statement declaring:

    ", + "
  • the company\u2019s total number of shares
    • ", + "
  • the total value of those shares
    • ", + "
  • how many shares have been paid for or not paid for
    • ", + "

    This is sometimes known as a \u2018statement of capital\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1543" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-changes-to-your-limited-company", + "scenario": "I own a small business that operates in the heart of Liverpool at the moment. Recently the increase in rent prices has impacted our earnings. I am looking to reallocate the main office which is also where we store our company records. The new office space will remain in England as we are looking for places around Liverpool.", + "question": "How can I notify HMRC about my changes?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "use the companies house online service", + [] + ], + [ + "download and fill in a change of address form", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell Companies House if you change your company\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • address
    • ", + "

    You can either:

    ", + "
  • use the Companies House online service if it\u2019s available for the change you need to make
    • ", + "
  • download and fill in paper forms
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House if you want to change:

    ", + "
  • the address where you keep your records, and which records you\u2019ll keep there
    • ", + "

    You can use the Companies House online service.

    ", + "

    Download and fill in a change of address form. Send your completed form to the Companies House address on the form.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1544" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-customers-export-opportunities", + "scenario": "I sell home made soft toys online and would really like to expand my customer base. At the moment most of my trade is within the UK but I would like to expand my business to Europe and even beyond.", + "question": "I've heard there are some special deals negotiated by the government. Where can I find them?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "e-exporting programme", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Get help selling online overseas and take advantage of special deals negotiated by the government.

    ", + "

    And join the e-exporting programme to get:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1545" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-customers-export-opportunities", + "scenario": "I run a jewellery store but have only ever traded instore. I know very little about the internet but I am told it might be a good way to expand my customer base. I have no idea how to go about this though.", + "question": "Can I get advise on trading on the internet?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Get help selling online overseas and take advantage of special deals negotiated by the government.

    ", + "

    And join the e-exporting programme to get:

    ", + "
  • advice on developing a strategy from e-commerce and international trade experts
    • ", + "
  • special rates for some of the world\u2019s most popular online selling platforms
    • ", + "
  • regular updates on e-commerce trends and opportunities to hear from industry experts and network with other online traders
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1546" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-safety-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I run a take away with two full time employees. We sell a range of foods from sandwiches to all day breakfasts and fish suppers. We have quite a high food safety rating but feel it should be higher than it is.", + "question": "Can I ask for our food hygiene certificate to be reviewed with the possibility of increasing the rating?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1547" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-safety-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I work in a burger joint and have done for the past three months. I am seriously concerned about the standards of food hygiene and I believe that my employer is sometimes selling out of date food.", + "question": "Would I be risking my job if I report my employer for this?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1548" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-settlement-agreements", + "scenario": "I own a company providing holiday rentals to tourists along the Norfolk Coast, which currently has 83 employees. Due to the seasonal (and sometimes sporadic) nature of the business we are thinking of applying for a PSA to cover some of our employee benefits.", + "question": "What are the deadlines to apply for and then to settle a PSA agreement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "5 july following the first tax year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) allows you to make one annual payment to cover all the tax and National Insurance due on minor, irregular or impracticable expenses or benefits for your employees.

    ", + "

    The expenses or benefits you include in a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) must be minor, irregular or impracticable.

    ", + "

    Irregular benefits and expenses are things that are not paid at regular intervals over the course of a tax year, for example weekly or monthly. They\u2019re also things that employees do not have a contractual right to. Examples of irregular expenses and benefits include:

    ", + "

    The deadline for applying for a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) is 5 July following the first tax year it applies to.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1549" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unfair-terms-in-sales-contracts", + "scenario": "I manage a hardware store, which sells products primarily to consumers. I am considering starting a tool hire service as a side line, operating from the same premises and under the same owner.", + "question": "Does the doctrine of \"implied rights\" cover products which are hired out rather than sold?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contracts for hiring, hire purchase and part exchange also have these implied rights.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1550" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-buy-shares", + "scenario": "I live and work in the UK, and wish to purchase shares in a company incorporated in France. They do not appear to have a share office here in the UK.", + "question": "Will I have to pay tax and/or Stamp Duty on this purchase?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you buy shares, you usually pay a tax or duty of 0.5% on the transaction.

    ", + "

    You do not normally have to pay Stamp Duty or SDRT if you buy foreign shares outside the UK. But you may have to pay other taxes.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1551" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing", + "scenario": "My company is one of the two largest vendors in our target market, having just over 50% share with our main rival having a little under 40%. Informal contact with representatives of this rival (via our mutual membership in a trade association) has produced an \"understanding\" whereby we don't approach each other's customers in certain sectors of the market.", + "question": "Does our informal arrangement constitute anti-competitive practice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must follow the rules on all types of anti-competitive activity including:

    ", + "
  • price fixing, bid rigging and other ways of agreeing not to compete (sometimes called \u2018cartels\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You must avoid all types of anti-competitive activity in your business including:

    ", + "
  • agreeing not to compete with another business
    • ", + "

    Agreeing not to compete with another business (\u2018cartels\u2019)

    ", + "

    If 2 or more businesses agree not to compete with each other in certain ways, it\u2019s called a \u2018cartel\u2019.

    ", + "

    The rules on cartels apply to businesses of any size.

    ", + "

    Rules about cartels cover:

    ", + "
  • sharing markets or customers
    • ", + "

    An agreement does not have to be in writing for it to be illegal. You can break the law if you have an informal conversation (or \u2018gentleman\u2019s agreement\u2019) with another business, even if the agreement is not carried out.

    ", + "

    Market sharing

    ", + "

    You cannot agree with other businesses to share markets or customers. You\u2019ll be breaking competition law if you agree with another business:

    ", + "
  • not to approach each other\u2019s customers
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1552" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "scenario": "I own and manage a small dairy, which supplies products to large retailers as well as selling packaged products directly to the public. We use the metric system in-house, but many of our customers prefer our products to be sold in traditional Imperial units (pints, gallons etc).", + "question": "Is it still legal to display weights or volumes in Imperial Measurements on our packaging?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must use metric measurements (grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres) when selling packaged or loose goods in England, Scotland or Wales.

    ", + "

    The only products you can sell in imperial measures are:

    ", + "
  • milk in returnable containers by pint
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1553" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor", + "scenario": "I am a 24 year old self-employed electrician based in Leeds, who carries out both installation and repair of household wiring. I have recently been offered sub-contracting work by a local housebuilding firm, who are registered with the CIS as contractors.", + "question": "What percentage of my fees will the contractor deduct if I do register with the CIS?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "20%", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    If you do not want deductions made

    ", + "

    If you do not want deductions to be made in advance by contractors, you can apply for \u2018gross payment status\u2019. You can do this when you register for CIS.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You should register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if you work for a contractor and you\u2019re one of the following:

    ", + "
  • self-employed
    • ", + "

    Under CIS, a contractor must deduct 20% from your payments and pass it to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    If you do not want deductions made

    ", + "

    If you do not want deductions to be made in advance by contractors, you can apply for \u2018gross payment status\u2019. You can do this when you register for CIS.

    ", + "

    When a contractor pays you under CIS, they\u2019ll normally make deductions at the standard rate of 20%.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1554" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-contractor", + "scenario": "I am the owner of a housebuilding and property development firm, which routinely employs tradesmen as subcontractors within their particular field of construction expertise. We are CIS registered as Contractors, and make deductions to subcontractor payments as required by the scheme.", + "question": "For how long am I legally required to keep records of my subcontractor payments and CIS deductions?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 3 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if:

    ", + "
  • you pay subcontractors to do construction work
    • ", + "

    You may be a sole trader, in a partnership or own a limited company.

    ", + "
  • When you pay subcontractors, you\u2019ll usually need to make deductions from their payments and pay the money to HMRC. Deductions count as advance payments towards the subcontractor\u2019s tax and National Insurance bill.
    • ", + "
  • You\u2019ll need to file monthly returns and keep full CIS records - you may get a penalty if you do not.
    • ", + "

    Under the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you must keep records of:

    ", + "
  • the gross amount of each payment invoiced by subcontractors, excluding VAT
    • ", + "
  • any deductions you\u2019ve made from subcontractor payments
    • ", + "

    Keep these details for at least 3 years after the end of the tax year they relate to. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) could ask to see your CIS records at any time.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1555" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-childminder-nanny", + "scenario": "I am 24 years old, divorced and live in England. I have an application in process to register as as childminder, have public liability insurance and have already passed my childcare training and full DBS Check.", + "question": "If my application is approved, can I prevent Ofsted from publishing my address?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Ofsted will publish your unique reference number (\u2018URN\u2019) and inspection reports online. If you\u2019re a childminder they will also publish your name and address - unless you tell them not to.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Ofsted will publish your unique reference number (\u2018URN\u2019) and inspection reports online. If you\u2019re a childminder they will also publish your name and address - unless you tell them not to.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1556" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "scenario": "I live in Wales, and also own a small cottage close to my residence. I let this property out to tourists during the \"summer\" months (May to September, 153 days in total), although due to the pandemic occupancy was very low (10 days!) over the previous financial year (2020).", + "question": "Am I expected to pay business rates on my rental property, given the very low occupancy?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll probably have to pay business rates if you use a building or part of a building for non-domestic purposes.

    ", + "

    If your property is in Wales it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates if it\u2019s both:

    ", + "
  • available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year
    • ", + "
  • actually let for 70 days
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1557" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/eori", + "scenario": "I am the owner of a greengrocers with a head office and chain of stores in Great Britain. We import many of our tomatoes from Guernsey in the Channel Islands, where we have a registered office.", + "question": "Do we need an EORI number to move our produce through customs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) if you move goods:

    ", + "
  • between Great Britain and the Channel Islands
    • ", + "

    To get an EORI number, your business usually needs to have premises based in the country you want to import to or export from - this is called \u2018being established\u2019. Your premises will need to be either a:

    ", + "
  • registered office
    • ", + "
  • central headquarters
    • ", + "

    If you move goods to or from Great Britain you must get an EORI number that starts with GB. If you already have an EORI number and it does not start with GB, you must apply for a GB EORI number.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1558" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-safety-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I own and run a small bookshop, which has two other employees. The shop is currently being remodelled to add a small caf\u00e9 to the premises, and I have prepared a basic HACCP plan for the handling of the food and drink.", + "question": "Is it necessary for my employees to undergo formal, accredited training in food hygiene?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You usually have to write a plan based on the HACCP principles if you run a food business. This keeps your food safe from biological, chemical and physical safety hazards.

    ", + "

    Employers are responsible for staff hygiene training. It can be either a formal programme or informal training, such as on the job training or self study.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1559" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-reporting-expenses-benefits", + "scenario": "I own a small construction business with 22 employees. We provide a number of benefits to our employees, including health insurance, travel expenses and an on-site creche. However, the loss of our finance director to COVID-19 has caused considerable delay to our filings with HMRC.", + "question": "What is the current deadline (and late payment penalty) for submission of the relevant P11D forms?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "6 july following the end of the tax year", + [ + "Submit your P11D forms online to HMRC | 6 July following the end of the tax year" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re an employer and provide expenses or benefits to employees or directors, you might need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and pay tax and National Insurance on them.

    ", + "

    Examples of expenses and benefits include:

    ", + "
  • health insurance
    • ", + "
  • travel and entertainment expenses
    • ", + "
  • childcare
    • ", + "

    At the end of the tax year you\u2019ll usually need to submit a P11D form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) for each employee you\u2019ve provided with expenses or benefits.

    ", + "Submit your P11D forms online to HMRC | 6 July following the end of the tax year" + ], + "id": "train-1560" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charities-and-tax", + "scenario": "I am the chief executive of a small, Oxford-based charity in which provides volunteer hospice care for the elderly and terminally ill. We are registered with the Charity Commission and have a letter of recognition from HMRC. Almost all of our income is from donations; however, we also receive some bank interest on accumulated funds.", + "question": "Can we claim back the tax which the bank has deducted from our interest payments?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As a charity you can get certain tax reliefs. To benefit you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    Charities do not pay tax on most types of income as long as they use the money for charitable purposes.

    ", + "

    You can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on bank interest and donations (this is known as Gift Aid).

    ", + "

    As a charity you do not pay tax on most of your income and gains if you use it for charitable purposes - this is known as \u2018charitable expenditure\u2019.

    ", + "

    This includes tax:

    ", + "
  • on donations
    • ", + "
  • on rental or investment income, for example bank interest
    • ", + "

    To get tax relief you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    You can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on:

    ", + "
  • donations (this is known as Gift Aid)
    • ", + "
  • bank interest
    • ", + "

    To get tax relief your charity must be:

    ", + "
  • based in the UK, EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Norway
    • ", + "
  • established for charitable purposes only
    • ", + "
  • registered with the Charity Commission or another regulator, if this applies to you
    • ", + "
  • run by \u2018fit and proper persons\u2019
    • ", + "
  • recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1561" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/respond-to-court-claim-for-money", + "scenario": "For the past 8 months I have been engaged in a dispute (via the industry regulator) with a private parking company over a charge which I have proof is incorrect. They have now resorted to filing a court claim for the amount.", + "question": "Can I make a counterclaim against them to cover the costs of defence, in addition to defending the claim itself?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1562" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-labelling-and-packaging", + "scenario": "I own and operate a small gift/souvenir shop based in a large country park which is open to the public. We wish to start selling home-produced preserves and organic honey to our customers.", + "question": "Do I need to list all ingredients with their weights and percentages on the food labels?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • highlighted by the labelling or a picture on a package, for example \u2018extra cheese\u2019
    • ", + "
  • mentioned in the name of the product, for example \u2018cheese and onion pasty\u2019
    • ", + "
  • normally connected with the name by the consumer, for example fruit in a summer pudding
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    If you run a catering business, you sell food loose or package it for sale in your shop, you only need to show:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must show certain basic information and list the ingredients. You might also have to show certain warnings.

    ", + "

    If you run a catering business, you sell food loose or package it for sale in your shop, you only need to show:

    ", + "
  • the name of the food
    • ", + "
  • if any of the ingredients have been irradiated, or have come from genetically modified sources
    • ", + "
  • certain warnings
    • ", + "
  • any food additive you have added
    • ", + "
  • allergen information
    • ", + "

    You must show the following information:

    ", + "
  • a list of ingredients (if there is more than 1)
    • ", + "

    If your food or drink product has 2 or more ingredients (including any additives), you must list them all. Ingredients must be listed in order of weight, with the main ingredient first.

    ", + "

    You also have to show the percentage of an ingredient if it is:

    ", + "
  • highlighted by the labelling or a picture on a package, for example \u2018extra cheese\u2019
    • ", + "
  • mentioned in the name of the product, for example \u2018cheese and onion pasty\u2019
    • ", + "
  • normally connected with the name by the consumer, for example fruit in a summer pudding
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1563" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-allowances", + "scenario": "I am the owner and a director of a limited company which designs bespoke headstones and other memorials for relatives of the deceased. We recently acquired a new zero-emission people carrier, which is used both by our sales representatives when visiting clients and also for the delivery of some of our smaller products.", + "question": "Can the cost of this vehicle be claimed against our Annual Investment Allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot claim AIA on:

    ", + "
  • cars
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1564" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-businesses", + "scenario": "I own and operate a hardware store in Southern England. We are VAT registered, and have a returns policy by which customers can return faulty goods within their guarantee period for an identical replacement.", + "question": "Is it necessary to issue a second VAT invoice for the replacement product?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can only charge VAT if your business is registered for VAT.

    ", + "

    VAT is charged on things like:

    ", + "
  • business sales - for example when you sell goods and services
    • ", + "

    VAT-registered businesses:

    ", + "
  • must charge VAT on their goods or services
    • ", + "

    If you exchange the goods for goods of the same value you don\u2019t need to issue a new VAT invoice.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1565" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/protecting-company-from-compulsory-liquidation", + "scenario": "I am the owner and managing director of a catering company, which is registered as a Limited Company. Following a drastic reduction in demand during the pandemic we have been unable to pay some of our suppliers, and they have now issued a Statutory Demand against us.", + "question": "How long do I have to respond to this demand, and prevent them obtaining a Winding Up Order against us?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "21 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The people or organisations your company owes money to (your \u2018creditors\u2019) can apply to the court to get their debts paid.

    ", + "

    They can do this by either:

    ", + "
  • making an official request for payment - this is called a statutory demand
    • ", + "

    You have 21 days to respond to a statutory demand.

    ", + "

    Your creditors can apply to wind up your company if you do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the court to stop (\u2018restrain\u2019) your creditors from applying to wind up your company. You must do this within 21 days of getting the statutory demand.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1566" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/liquidate-your-company", + "scenario": "I am the 64 year old managing director of a publicly traded publishing company, which is currently solvent. With my retirement approaching I have decided to wind up the company via Members' Voluntary Liquidation, but I would like to do some smaller-scale publishing work in retirement.", + "question": "Can I re-use the company name (or variations of it) for my post-retirement activities?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1567" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-changes-to-your-limited-company", + "scenario": "I am the owner and a director of a publicly traded limited company. As an inducement to our staff, our board of directors today passed a resolution changing the structure of our workers' share option scheme. This did not involve the issuance of additional shares.", + "question": "How long do we have to notify Companies House of the change to our share structure?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "21 days", + [ + "
  • change the number of shares the company has and their total value - this is your \u2018share capital\u2019 (the part of your company\u2019s money that comes from shares)
    • ", + "
  • change how your shares are distributed
    • ", + "
  • cancel any of your shares
    • ", + "
  • change (\u2018denominate\u2019) your shares into other currencies
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell Companies House if you change your company\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • share, for example issuing new shares or changing your share structure
    • ", + "

    You may need your company\u2019s agreement before you can make some changes.

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House all other changes within 21 days.

    ", + "

    You must tell Companies House about any changes to your company\u2019s share structure that you make outside your annual return.

    ", + "

    You may need a special resolution to change your company\u2019s share structure. This includes if you:

    ", + "
  • change the number of shares the company has and their total value - this is your \u2018share capital\u2019 (the part of your company\u2019s money that comes from shares)
    • ", + "
  • change how your shares are distributed
    • ", + "
  • cancel any of your shares
    • ", + "
  • change (\u2018denominate\u2019) your shares into other currencies
    • ", + "

    You must report all other changes to your share structure within 21 days.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1568" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marketing-advertising-law", + "scenario": "I own and operate a business providing software services to both individuals and companies. After a successful period of growth, we are considering expanding our marketing operations to include advertisments on television and radio.", + "question": "What codes of practice cover advertising in broadcast media such as these?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "cap broadcast code", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As well as the regulations, there are 2 advertising codes of practice that you need to follow to help you advertise legally.

    ", + "

    There are 2 advertising codes of practice that describe how businesses should advertise.

    ", + "

    Broadcast media (for example TV, radio)

    ", + "

    You must follow the CAP broadcast code, which covers issues including taste, decency and product placement.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1569" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/energy-performance-certificate-commercial-property", + "scenario": "I own a building in central Manchester, in which I rent office space to several small start-up companies. I obtained an EPC on the completion of construction in 2014. During the recent pandemic-induced vacation of much of the occupied space I took the opportunity to have the air conditioning completely refurbished, which involved considerable re-organisation of the internal divisions too.", + "question": "Is my current EPC still valid, or do I need to be assessed for a new one?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • listed or officially protected and the minimum energy performance requirements would unacceptably alter it
    • ", + "
  • used as a place of worship or for other religious activities
    • ", + "
  • a detached building with a total floor space under 50 square metres
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must have an EPC if:

    ", + "
  • there are changes to the number of parts used for separate occupation and these changes involve providing or extending fixed heating, air conditioning or mechanical ventilation systems
    • ", + "

    You don\u2019t need an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) if you can demonstrate that the building is any of these:

    ", + "
  • listed or officially protected and the minimum energy performance requirements would unacceptably alter it
    • ", + "
  • a temporary building only going to be used for 2 years or less
    • ", + "
  • used as a place of worship or for other religious activities
    • ", + "
  • an industrial site, workshop or non-residential agricultural building that doesn\u2019t use much energy
    • ", + "
  • a detached building with a total floor space under 50 square metres
    • ", + "
  • due to be demolished by the seller or landlord and they have all the relevant planning and conservation consents
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1570" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-fire-safety-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I am the Facilities Manager for an office building in Basingstoke, whose owners rent office space out to business customers. We currently have seven different tenant companies occupying space on site.", + "question": "How frequently are we required to carry out fire drills for the building as a whole?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least one fire drill per year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019re responsible for fire safety in business or other non-domestic premises if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • anyone else with control of the premises, for example a facilities manager, building manager, managing agent or risk assessor
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re known as the \u2018responsible person\u2019. If there\u2019s more than one responsible person, you have to work together to meet your responsibilities.

    ", + "

    As the responsible person you must:

    ", + "
  • plan for an emergency
    • ", + "

    Non-domestic premises are:

    ", + "
  • all workplaces and commercial premises
    • ", + "

    For common or shared areas, the responsible person is the landlord, freeholder or managing agent.

    ", + "

    Your plan must show how you have:

    ", + "
  • training for all employees to know and use the escape routes
    • ", + "

    You should carry out at least one fire drill per year and record the results. You must keep the results as part of your fire safety and evacuation plan.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1571" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-lawful-development-certificate-decision", + "scenario": "A neighbouring landowner recently had an application for a Lawful Development Certificate for the conversion of one of his outbuildings into a dwelling refused by the local council. I opposed this proposed change of use, and have now been notified by the council that the landowner intends to appeal their decision.", + "question": "Is there a means by which I can register my opposition to this appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal against a lawful development certificate decision if either:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with it
    • ", + "

    Only the person who made the lawful development certificate application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.

    ", + "

    Anyone can comment on a lawful development certificate appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal. The deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.

    ", + "

    Your local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. The local planning authority has to do this within 2 weeks of the appeal being validated by the Planning Inspectorate.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1572" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "scenario": "I am a self-employed web designer, operating primarily over the internet while based at home. I work around 160 hrs per month. My internet usage is charged at a single, fixed fee per month with unlimited data transfer.", + "question": "Can I use a flat rate to work out my internet connection expenses?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Simplified expenses are a way of calculating some of your business expenses using flat rates instead of working out your actual business costs.

    ", + "

    Simplified expenses can be used by:

    ", + "
  • business partnerships that have no companies as partners
    • ", + "

    You can use flat rates for:

    ", + "
  • working from home
    • ", + "

    Calculate your allowable expenses using a flat rate based on the hours you work from home each month.

    ", + "Hours of business use per month | Flat rate per month", + "101 and more | \u00a326" + ], + "id": "train-1573" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-customers-export-opportunities", + "scenario": "I own a medium-sized electronic components business based in the UK and headquartered in Abingdon. We recently received regulatory approval for a new product, and are looking to export it via suitable local distributors.", + "question": "Can the DIT provide suitable expert(s) to advise us on finding the right distribution channels?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The Department for International Trade (DIT) has a network of trade specialists who can also help you find overseas customers by:

    ", + "
  • arranging introductions to potential overseas buyers, agents and distributors (there\u2019s a charge for this service)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1574" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/entertainment-and-modelling-agencies", + "scenario": "I own and manage a talent agency for singers, musicians and other performing artists (comedians, etc.). As part of our service, we charge clients a small fee in advance to place promotional materials on appropriate websites and/or circulate them to potential entertainment venues. Any such material is shown to the client in advance for their approval.", + "question": "How much time must I allow for clients to object before I circulate their materials to potential bookers?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "7 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can charge fees as an entertainment and modelling agency for finding someone work.

    ", + "
  • a performer or worker
    • ", + "

    Workers, performers and models need to agree to your terms and conditions before you can charge fees.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t charge fees or deduct money from an entertainment worker or performer\u2019s earnings until they agree to your terms and conditions.

    ", + "

    You can only charge upfront fees for listing the worker or performer\u2019s details in promotional publications or on websites to help them find work.

    ", + "

    You must give the worker or performer a chance to see any copies.

    ", + "

    You need to show the performer any promotional photographs, audio or video before its published. They then have 7 days to object to anything being used.

    ", + "

    You can\u2019t charge the performer until the 7 days is over or you\u2019ve dealt with any reasonable requirement from the performer, whichever is later.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1575" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/machine-game-duty", + "scenario": "I am the tenant of a public house in Northern Ireland, hold the neccessary licenses to sell alcohol and provide amusements and am VAT registered. The pub's owner has recently installed an old quiz machine, acquired from another pub which was being closed down.", + "question": "Do I need to pay Machine Games Duty, or is this a matter for the pub's owner?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You do not pay it on machines where the prize is less than the cost to play, or on takings from charity events, tournaments, lottery machines or if the machine is for domestic use.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    There are different rules if you\u2019re the tenant of a pub. You\u2019re responsible for MGD, not the premises licence owner (usually the pub\u2019s owner). When you stop being the tenant, you need to cancel your registration.

    ", + "

    You are not responsible for MGD if you supply the machines, unless you also hold the licence or permit for the premises.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) if there are machines that give cash prizes on your premises. You pay duty on:

    ", + "
  • quiz machines and other \u2018skill with prize\u2019 machines
    • ", + "

    You do not pay it on machines where the prize is less than the cost to play, or on takings from charity events, tournaments, lottery machines or if the machine is for domestic use.

    ", + "

    Your takings from machine games will be exempt from VAT if you pay MGD.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility if you hold any of the following licences:

    ", + "
  • prize gaming permit or amusement permit
    • ", + "
  • licence to sell alcohol in Northern Ireland
    • ", + "

    There are different rules if you\u2019re the tenant of a pub. You\u2019re responsible for MGD, not the premises licence owner (usually the pub\u2019s owner). When you stop being the tenant, you need to cancel your registration.

    ", + "

    You are not responsible for MGD if you supply the machines, unless you also hold the licence or permit for the premises.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1576" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "scenario": "My uncle is a sole business trader of a construction company. He is very busy and occupied such that he has no time to work out allowable expenses as he run his day to day business.", + "question": "Can he use simplified expenses to calculate his expenses?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Simplified expenses can be used by:

    ", + "
  • sole traders
    • ", + "

    You can use simplified expenses instead of working out the split between what you spend for your private and business use of the premises.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1577" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-changes-to-your-limited-company", + "scenario": "My uncle will like to change the business name and one of the company", + "question": "Is it important he reports the changes to HMRC?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell Companies House if you change your company\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • name
    • ", + "
  • directors and company secretaries, including changes to their details
    • ", + "

    You must tell Companies House about changes to your company\u2019s directors and secretaries, such as:

    ", + "
  • new appointments
    • ", + "
  • resignations
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1578" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "scenario": "My sister has been working online from her house during the covid pandemic. She has now decided to keep on working from home till the end of next year.", + "question": "Does she qualify to pay business rates?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll probably have to pay business rates if you use a building or part of a building for non-domestic purposes.

    ", + "

    You do not usually have to pay business rates for home-based businesses if you:

    ", + "
  • use a small part of your home for your business, for example if you use a bedroom as an office
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1579" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-buy-shares", + "scenario": "I want to invest in stocks and shares inorder to build my financial independent future. I would like to be mindful of tax obligation. To grow my funds efficiently.", + "question": "Is there a way i can buy shares Tax free?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • buy shares in an \u2018open ended investment company\u2019 (OEIC) from the fund manager
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not have to pay tax if you:

    ", + "
  • buy shares in an \u2018open ended investment company\u2019 (OEIC) from the fund manager
    • ", + "

    For shares under \u00a31,000, you will not need to pay anything.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1580" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-businesses", + "scenario": "My friend John has been running a grocery shop but closed it during covid pandemic. He has now decided to relocate to Japan and close the business completely.His business was VAT registered .", + "question": "Does he need to cancel VAT registration and how soon should that happen?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1581" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-settlement-agreements", + "scenario": "I run a restaurant and to motivate my staffs i give them small gifts vouchers ,pay their telephone bills , organise employee of the month award.", + "question": "Should i include all these expenses in PAYE settlement agreement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The expenses or benefits you include in a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) must be minor, irregular or impracticable.

    ", + "

    Examples of minor benefits and expenses include:

    ", + "
  • incentive awards, for example for long-service
    • ", + "
  • telephone bills
    • ", + "
  • small gifts and vouchers
    • ", + "

    If you apply after the start of the tax year, there are extra restrictions on what you can include.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1582" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-allowances", + "scenario": "My sister has been running a taxi business for 10 years . Some of her Taxi cubs have been involved in road accidents with damaged engines and tyres. The cost of repair has been very high.", + "question": "How much capital allowances can she claim for?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1583" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing", + "scenario": "My uncle owns a pub and unfortunately there are two adjacent pub owners who have conversed to set their prices very low to attract more customers. This price fixing strategy has caused a lot of distress to my uncle and he is on the verge of closing his pub.", + "question": "Can he report these two pub owners?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must follow the rules on all types of anti-competitive activity including:

    ", + "
  • price fixing, bid rigging and other ways of agreeing not to compete (sometimes called \u2018cartels\u2019)
    • ", + "

    You must avoid all types of anti-competitive activity in your business including:

    ", + "
  • agreeing not to compete with another business
    • ", + "

    If 2 or more businesses agree not to compete with each other in certain ways, it\u2019s called a \u2018cartel\u2019.

    ", + "

    Rules about cartels cover:

    ", + "
  • price fixing
    • ", + "

    You must not discuss the prices you\u2019re going to charge your customers with your competitors.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be breaking the law if you agree with another business:

    ", + "
  • to charge the same prices to your customers
    • ", + "

    You cannot share information with other businesses that might reduce competition between you, for example information about:

    ", + "
  • prices
    • ", + "

    You might be abusing your dominant position if you\u2019re unfair to your customers or other businesses, for example you:

    ", + "
  • charge low prices that do not cover your costs so you drive out competitors
    • ", + "

    A cartel is where two or more businesses agree not to compete with each other, for example by sharing a market or fixing prices.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1584" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/machine-game-duty", + "scenario": "My uncle owns a pub and has several fruit machines inside which entertains his customers and makes them gamble as they drink alcohol.", + "question": "Should he register and pay Machine Game duty?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re responsible for MGD you\u2019ll need to register, send regular returns, pay duty and keep records.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) if there are machines that give cash prizes on your premises. You pay duty on:

    ", + "
  • slot and fruit machines, and other gaming machines
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re responsible for MGD you\u2019ll need to register, send regular returns, pay duty and keep records.

    ", + "

    If your premises does not have a licence, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask someone else, usually the manager or owner, to register and pay the duty.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1585" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/liquidate-your-company", + "scenario": "My uncle owns a delivery company and has been diagnosed with a terminal bowel cancer. He does not wish to continue running it since it not viable It has no pending debts.", + "question": "Can he voluntarily liquidate the business?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Get shareholders\u2019 agreement

    ", + "

    You must call a meeting of shareholders and ask them to vote.

    ", + "

    75% (by value of shares) of shareholders must agree to the winding-up to pass a \u2018winding-up resolution\u2019.

    ", + "
  • make a \u2018Declaration of solvency\u2019 - English and Welsh companies
    • ", + "
  • ask the Accountant in Bankruptcy for form 4.25 (Scot) - Scottish companies
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to review the company\u2019s assets and liabilities just before making the declaration.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can choose to liquidate your limited company (also called \u2018winding up\u2019 a company).

    ", + "

    There are 3 types of liquidation:

    ", + "
  • members\u2019 voluntary liquidation - your company can pay its debts but you want to close it
    • ", + "

    You must call a meeting of shareholders and ask them to vote.

    ", + "

    75% (by value of shares) of shareholders must agree to the winding-up to pass a \u2018winding-up resolution\u2019.

    ", + "

    You may choose members\u2019 voluntary liquidation if your company is \u2018solvent\u2019 (can pay its debts) and one of the following applies:

    ", + "
  • you do not want to run the business any more
    • ", + "

    To pass a resolution for members\u2019 voluntary liquidation, you must:

    ", + "
  • make a \u2018Declaration of solvency\u2019 - English and Welsh companies
    • ", + "
  • ask the Accountant in Bankruptcy for form 4.25 (Scot) - Scottish companies
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to review the company\u2019s assets and liabilities just before making the declaration.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1586" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "scenario": "My uncle owns a pub and loves to ensure that he sells his customers with standard drinks as set by government guidelines . Using the right measuring bottles and glasses.", + "question": "Can he get penalised if he does not use specified quantities?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Some goods must be sold in fixed sizes known as \u2018specified quantities\u2019.

    ", + "

    Alcohol

    ", + "

    You can be fined or sent to prison if you break the rules.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1587" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-fire-safety-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I run a B&B and a kitchen which is operated by 3 employees inorder to ensure our business and customers safety, I need to have all my staffs trained on fire safety.", + "question": "Can they be trained on fire evacuation procedure?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As the responsible person you must:

    ", + "
  • tell staff or their representatives about the risks you\u2019ve identified
    • ", + "
  • provide staff information, fire safety instruction and training
    • ", + "

    You need to train new staff when they start work and tell all employees about any new fire risks.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1588" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unfair-terms-in-sales-contracts", + "scenario": "My aunt signed an agreement with white goods seller to buy a fridge at \u00a3700 . Which was to be paid in two instalments. When she cleared all the payments , the fridge seller changed his mind and demanded more money than the agreed one.", + "question": "Can my aunt file a claim in court for customer rights?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Your customers also have implied rights when buying your goods or services, unless the contract legally states otherwise.

    ", + "

    Your business customers have implied rights unless the contract legally states otherwise in a way a court would decide is reasonable.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your customers also have implied rights when buying your goods or services, unless the contract legally states otherwise.

    ", + "

    You might not be able to enforce terms or notices if they try to avoid your responsibility in other ways, eg:

    ", + "
  • not doing what was agreed
    • ", + "

    Consumers can also take legal action themselves to challenge unfair terms or notices.

    ", + "

    Your customers have implied rights when buying your goods or services.

    ", + "

    Your business customers have implied rights unless the contract legally states otherwise in a way a court would decide is reasonable.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1589" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-safety-your-responsibilities", + "scenario": "My uncle owns a take away food kiosk his business has been hit hard by imposed covid restrictions. As the rules are being lifted he want to give the best quality service to his customers. He wants to re train his staff on food safety and hygiene.", + "question": "Is he allowed to do on job training of staffs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employers are responsible for staff hygiene training. It can be either a formal programme or informal training, such as on the job training or self study.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1590" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/energy-performance-certificate-commercial-property", + "scenario": "As a landlord, I rent out a couple of flats to my tenants. About 5 years ago, I applied for an EPC certificate so as to maintain a minimum efficiency standard and avoid penalties.", + "question": "When should I display the EPC certificate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the total useful floor area is over 500 square metres", + [] + ], + [ + "the building is frequently visited by the public", + [] + ], + [ + "an epc has already been produced for the building\u2019s sale, rental or construction", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must have an EPC if:

    ", + "
  • you rent out or sell the premises
    • ", + "

    You must display an EPC by fixing it to your commercial building if all these apply:

    ", + "
  • the total useful floor area is over 500 square metres
    • ", + "
  • the building is frequently visited by the public
    • ", + "
  • an EPC has already been produced for the building\u2019s sale, rental or construction
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1591" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/eori", + "scenario": "My family owns a textile company in UK and want to ship our textile merchandise to France and we need to be mindful on shipping requiremets post Brexit.", + "question": "Do we need an EORI number to export or import goods between the EU to the UK ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • making a customs declaration - check if you\u2019re eligible to make a customs declaration
    • ", + "
  • making an entry summary declaration
    • ", + "
  • making an exit summary declaration
    • ", + "
  • making a temporary storage declaration
    • ", + "
  • making a customs declaration for temporary admission or re-export declaration where you have a guarantee
    • ", + "
  • acting as a carrier for transporting goods by sea, inland waterway or air
    • ", + "
  • acting as a carrier connected to the customs system and you want to get notifications regarding the lodging or amendment of entry summary declarations
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) if you move goods:

    ", + "
  • between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or the Isle of Man and any other country (including the EU)
    • ", + "

    To get an EORI number, your business usually needs to have premises based in the country you want to import to or export from - this is called \u2018being established\u2019. Your premises will need to be either a:

    ", + "

    You should still get an EORI number if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • making a customs declaration - check if you\u2019re eligible to make a customs declaration
    • ", + "
  • making an entry summary declaration
    • ", + "
  • making an exit summary declaration
    • ", + "
  • making a temporary storage declaration
    • ", + "
  • making a customs declaration for temporary admission or re-export declaration where you have a guarantee
    • ", + "
  • acting as a carrier for transporting goods by sea, inland waterway or air
    • ", + "
  • acting as a carrier connected to the customs system and you want to get notifications regarding the lodging or amendment of entry summary declarations
    • ", + "
  • established in a common transit country where the declaration is lodged instead of an entry summary declaration or is used as a pre-departure declaration
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1592" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-lawful-development-certificate-decision", + "scenario": "My uncle wanted to build an extension of his sitting room towards the garden and had applied for a Lawful Development cerificate but it was refused after a close neighbour made a complaint.", + "question": "Can he make an appeal to overturn the decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    Do not appeal if you\u2019ve already been given an enforcement notice. You may have to pay additional costs if you do.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal against a lawful development certificate decision if either:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with it
    • ", + "

    Do not appeal if you\u2019ve already been given an enforcement notice. You may have to pay additional costs if you do.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the lawful development certificate application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1593" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charities-and-tax", + "scenario": "My mother wants to open a charity shop to make money for cancer research foundation. She needs advise on tax returns and tax reliefs.", + "question": "Where can she seek help?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "hm revenue and customs (hmrc)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As a charity you can get certain tax reliefs. To benefit you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    To get tax relief you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).

    ", + "

    To get tax relief your charity must be:

    ", + "
  • registered with the Charity Commission or another regulator, if this applies to you
    • ", + "
  • recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • ", + "

    Register your charity\u2019s details using HMRC\u2019s online service.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1594" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-contractor", + "scenario": "My brother is thinking of becoming a self employed and would like to join a scheme for people who want to become self employed contractors", + "question": "Whom should he contact to make enquiries ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "hm revenue and customs", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When done, you\u2019ll get a letter from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) with the information you need to start working as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) contractor.

    ", + "

    You must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a multiple contractor and you take on another contractor\u2019s business - you must tell HMRC within 90 days
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1595" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor", + "scenario": "My uncle runs a construction limited company as self employed and would like to register for construction industry scheme. He wants to be compliant.", + "question": "Can he register for CIS online?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader and you already have a UTR, you can register for CIS online. You\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for Self Assessment (or another government service).

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader and you already have a UTR, you can register for CIS online. You\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for Self Assessment (or another government service).

    ", + "

    Fill in the online form for limited companies or the online form for partnerships.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1596" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/protecting-company-from-compulsory-liquidation", + "scenario": "My aunt has been running a stationery business and on her way home from work she got a serious accident which left her paralysed . Her business dream was shattered and decided to liquidate the business. She has several debts .", + "question": "Can she get creditors to liquidate her business?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Your creditors can apply to wind up your company if your assets are not worth enough to pay your debts.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your limited company can be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if it cannot pay its debts.

    ", + "

    The people or organisations your company owes money to (your \u2018creditors\u2019) can apply to the court to get their debts paid.

    ", + "

    Your creditors can apply to wind up your company if your assets are not worth enough to pay your debts.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1597" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-childminder-nanny", + "scenario": "My sister has taken a step further in her passion for caring for little children by training as a childminder. She would like to apply for a job as soon as she completes her course.", + "question": "Is it necessary for her to register as a childminder?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • the children are under the age of 8
    • ", + "
  • you look after them for more than 2 hours a day
    • ", + "
  • you look after them in your own home
    • ", + "

    You must register with Ofsted to look after children in your home.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • a nanny
    • ", + "
  • a tutor
    • ", + "
  • a babysitter and if you look after the children between 6pm and 2am
    • ", + "
  • a family friend and if you look after the children less than 3 hours a day
    • ", + "
  • are under 18
    • ", + "
  • are related to all of the children you look after
    • ", + "
  • do not have the legal right to work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • are barred from working with children
    • ", + "
  • have been disqualified
    • ", + "
  • have been refused registration in the past or had your registration cancelled - unless it was because you did not pay your annual fee
    • ", + "
  • are childminding in a home where a disqualified person lives or works
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you want to be paid to look after children under 8, you might need to register with Ofsted or a childminder agency.

    ", + "

    You must register as a childminder if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • the children are under the age of 8
    • ", + "
  • you look after them for more than 2 hours a day
    • ", + "
  • you look after them in your own home
    • ", + "
  • you get paid to look after them - including payment in kind
    • ", + "

    You do not need to register if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • a nanny
    • ", + "
  • a tutor
    • ", + "
  • a babysitter and if you look after the children between 6pm and 2am
    • ", + "
  • a family friend and if you look after the children less than 3 hours a day
    • ", + "

    You cannot register if you:

    ", + "
  • are under 18
    • ", + "
  • are related to all of the children you look after
    • ", + "
  • do not have the legal right to work in the UK
    • ", + "
  • are barred from working with children
    • ", + "
  • have been disqualified
    • ", + "
  • have been refused registration in the past or had your registration cancelled - unless it was because you did not pay your annual fee
    • ", + "
  • are childminding in a home where a disqualified person lives or works
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re a childminder and you look after children from birth to 5 years old you must join the Early Years Register. This lets you look after children up to 31 August after their fifth birthday.

    ", + "

    You must register with Ofsted to look after children in your home.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1598" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-after-crime", + "scenario": "My farther was murdered a few weeks ago whilst walking in the streets and I want to know how the investigation is going and if any progress has been made.", + "question": "What support can I get being closely effected by a crime?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get information quicker", + [] + ], + [ + "protection in court", + [ + "
  • protection in court if you need to give evidence
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "specialist help and advice", + [] + ], + [ + "a family liaison officer", + [ + "
  • a Family Liaison Officer - if you\u2019re a close relative of the victim
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get extra support if you:

    ", + "
  • are a close relative of someone who died because of a crime - for example their partner, child or sibling
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re the victim of a serious crime if it was:

    ", + "
  • attempted murder
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to:

    ", + "
  • get information quicker - usually within 24 hours
    • ", + "
  • protection in court if you need to give evidence
    • ", + "
  • specialist help and advice
    • ", + "
  • a Family Liaison Officer - if you\u2019re a close relative of the victim
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1599" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-after-crime", + "scenario": "I am the victim of a break in which occured last week whilst I was in my home I was robbed and threatened and I want to know my rights.", + "question": "When can I get notified with the investigation progress?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "5 days", + [ + "
  • arrested or charged
    • ", + "
  • set free or released on bail
    • ", + "
  • given a caution, reprimand, final warning, or penalty notice
    • ", + "

    If the police or the CPS decide to drop the charge, they must tell you within 5 days. You can ask for a review if you disagree with their decision.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have the right to contact the police and be kept informed about the investigation if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • the victim of a crime
    • ", + "

    The police must give you updates on their investigation, and tell you within 5 days when a suspect is:

    ", + "
  • arrested or charged
    • ", + "
  • set free or released on bail
    • ", + "
  • given a caution, reprimand, final warning, or penalty notice
    • ", + "

    If the police or the CPS decide to drop the charge, they must tell you within 5 days. You can ask for a review if you disagree with their decision.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1600" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/theory-test", + "scenario": "I am in the process of moving to the UK from India.", + "question": "Do I need to take this theory test in order to drive in the UK?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1601" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/theory-test", + "scenario": "I took this test a few weeks ago. I did not pass because I have a reading difficulty, I want to retake the test and think I am entitiled to more help when taking it.", + "question": "What kind of support can I get when taking the theory test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "hear the test through headphones", + [] + ], + [ + "extra time to take the test", + [] + ], + [ + "someone to read what\u2019s on the screen and record your answers", + [] + ], + [ + "someone to reword the questions for you", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you book your theory test you should say if you have a:

    ", + "
  • reading difficulty
    • ", + "

    You can ask to hear the test through headphones when you book your test. You can hear it in English or Welsh.

    ", + "

    You can get other support during your theory test if you send proof that you have reading difficulties.

    ", + "

    You can get:

    ", + "
  • extra time to take the test
    • ", + "
  • someone to read what\u2019s on the screen and record your answers
    • ", + "
  • someone to reword the questions for you
    • ", + "

    You can ask for more time to do the multiple choice questions part of the theory test.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1602" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/community-sentences", + "scenario": "My brother is 15 years old and lives in England. He was found guilty of assault and given a youth rehabilitation order by the court.", + "question": "How long will the rehabilitation order last?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Community sentences can be given for crimes such as:

    ", + "
  • assault
    • ", + "

    There are 3 main community sentences a court can give you:

    ", + "
  • Youth Rehabilitation Order \u2013 when a court decides on different things that you have to do or must not do, which can last for up to 3 years
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1603" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/community-sentences", + "scenario": "My friend Andrew has been convicted of his first time crime of benefits fraud. The court has given him 200 hours of community service. He is employed full time from Monday to Friday.", + "question": "When can he do the community service?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "outside your working hours", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Community sentences can be given for crimes such as:

    ", + "
  • benefit fraud
    • ", + "

    You may get a community sentence if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s the first time you have committed a crime
    • ", + "

    The Community Payback work will be arranged outside your working hours if you have a job, for example evenings or weekends.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1604" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/theory-test", + "scenario": "I have failed both parts of my theory driving test and i am under a lot of pressure to pass due to the nature of my job.", + "question": "How soon can i rebook the test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 working days away", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Rebook your theory test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1605" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/theory-test", + "scenario": "I took the theory test this morning but unfortunately failed the multiple choices questions part of the test. I will retake my test in 3 days.", + "question": "Can I skip the hazard perception test because I've passed it last time?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1606" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence", + "scenario": "I am 30 years old and have a three year old son. My partner has been increasingly abusive towards me for many years and I have finally left him and am living in a refuge wih my son.", + "question": "Am I eligible for any help in my situation and if so what?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "an \u2018injunction\u2019", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for an \u2018injunction\u2019 if you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic abuse. An injunction is a court order that either:

    ", + "
  • protects you or your child from being harmed or threatened by the person who\u2019s abused you - this is called a \u2018non-molestation order\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can usually apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the person you want to be protected from (\u2018the respondent\u2019) is:

    ", + "
  • a family member
    • ", + "

    You can apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the respondent is your:

    ", + "
  • husband, wife or civil partner
    • ", + "
  • former husband, former wife or former civil partner
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1607" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence", + "scenario": "Having left my abusive partner I am struggling with being a single mother to my three year old son. My parents have been helping out but only on a temporary basis. I do not want my ex's family to know where we are", + "question": "Can my parents take custody of my son on a more long term basis?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1608" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-statement-to-the-parole-board", + "scenario": "I recently found out that the man who stabbed me and left me with a disability man be allowed on parole, this is very upsetting to me as I do not feel safe with them walking on the streets and am angry that their sentence may be made shorter.", + "question": "Can a victims statment stop parole or influence the judges decision in this case?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019 to be presented at the Parole Board hearing if you\u2019re a victim of the prisoner.

    ", + "

    You can use your statement to explain how the crime has affected you - from the time it was committed until now.

    ", + "

    This includes the effect the crime has had on you and your family:

    ", + "
  • physically
    • ", + "
  • emotionally
    • ", + "

    The panel can use your victim personal statement to help it:

    ", + "
  • decide what the prisoner can and cannot do (known as \u2018licence conditions\u2019) if they\u2019re released
    • ", + "

    Your victim personal statement is your opportunity to explain how a crime has affected you and your family - for example, physically, emotionally, financially or in any other way.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1609" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-statement-to-the-parole-board", + "scenario": "I ama prisoner in prison although I am suposed to be getting parole, I am aware that the victim has made a statement that might effect the outcome of my parole and I would like access to this to see if I can dispute it.", + "question": "Can I see the victims statment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • put you or your family at risk
    • ", + "
  • have a negative effect on you in some other way
    • ", + "

    Statements are only withheld from prisoners under exceptional circumstances.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Prisoners usually have full access to all victim personal statements presented at their hearing.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to make a good case that it will:

    ", + "
  • put you or your family at risk
    • ", + "
  • have a negative effect on you in some other way
    • ", + "

    Statements are only withheld from prisoners under exceptional circumstances.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1610" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/staying-in-touch-with-someone-in-prison", + "scenario": "My son is currently in prison and I want to make contact with him although I am worried that my phone calls will be listened to and my letters might be read by people that are not my son.", + "question": "Are phone calls and letters in prison private?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Most letters sent to and from prison are checked by prison staff.

    ", + "

    Prison staff can listen to and record most types of call. Some calls are not monitored, for example when a prisoner calls a legal adviser.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1611" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/staying-in-touch-with-someone-in-prison", + "scenario": "My cousin has recently been convicted and is now in prison although I can not afford to go and visit him because I am unemoloyed and only claim benifits. I think I am entitled to get extra money to visit the person in prison but I am not sure.", + "question": "Can I get financial help so I can go and see my cousin in prison.", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can normally visit partners and close family members in some prisons. There are restrictions because of coronavirus (COVID-19).

    ", + "

    You might be able to get help paying for a prison visit, for example travel costs, if you\u2019re receiving certain benefits.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1612" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-tax-class", + "scenario": "I have a disability and I have recently bought a new vehicle. I am unsure about how much tax I should be paying.", + "question": "Do I have to pay for tax? How much will I pay if I have to?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You will not have to pay vehicle tax or will pay a lower rate if it\u2019s being used by:

    ", + "
  • a disabled person
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1613" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-tax-class", + "scenario": "I am the new owner of a lorry that has had modifications to its engine. I am currently looking at the tax ramifications, and potentially need to change the tax class.", + "question": "What documents do I send to the DVLA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the v5c vehicle registration certificate (log book) with any changes marked on it", + [] + ], + [ + "a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018dvla, swansea\u2019 for any extra vehicle tax you have to pay", + [] + ], + [ + "a current mot certificate", + [ + "
  • a current MOT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "written proof", + [] + ], + [ + "an insurance certificate or cover note", + [ + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Send the form to DVLA with:

    ", + "
  • the V5C vehicle registration certificate (log book) with any changes marked on it
    • ", + "
  • a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVLA, Swansea\u2019 for any extra vehicle tax you have to pay - damaged or altered cheques will not be accepted
    • ", + "
  • a current MOT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)
    • ", + "
  • written proof if you\u2019ve decreased engine size or changed fuel type, for example a new engine receipt or letter from the garage that made the change
    • ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the V5C, download and fill in a V62 form. Send it to DVLA with the \u00a325 fee.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1614" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/types-of-prison-sentence", + "scenario": "I have just turned 18 and I have been convicted for three crimes, theift, vandalism and bodily harm to others I think that my age might reduce my sentence but I am not sure.", + "question": "Does being a younger person reduce my collective sentences?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    People under 18 get different sentences to adults.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1615" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/types-of-prison-sentence", + "scenario": "I have been sentenced to life due to four seperate sentences, is it possible to shorten my sentence? For each crime alone I would not have life in prison although the combination of crimes makes life in prison more likley.", + "question": "Is there a way to shorten a life sentence?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1616" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus", + "scenario": "I am a 21 year old female and it has been a few years since I passed my driving test. I am happy with being anle to drive although the amount of insurence I have to pay is very high.", + "question": "Is there a way I can get a discount on my insurance? How large is the discount I would get?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "depends on the insurance company", + [ + "

    Once you\u2019ve completed Pass Plus you may be able to get a car insurance discount. You\u2019ll need your Pass Plus certificate.

    ", + "

    Check with insurers that you can still get a discount if you passed your practical driving test more than a year ago.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    The amount of discount depends on the insurance company. Not all insurers offer Pass Plus discounts.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Once you\u2019ve completed Pass Plus you may be able to get a car insurance discount. You\u2019ll need your Pass Plus certificate.

    ", + "

    Check with insurers that you can still get a discount if you passed your practical driving test more than a year ago.

    ", + "

    The amount of discount depends on the insurance company. Not all insurers offer Pass Plus discounts.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1617" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus", + "scenario": "I live in the north west and am interested in taking this course to get a bit better at my driving although I am unsure about the fee\u2019s I will have to pay as I am currently only working part time I am unable to pay too much in fee\u2019s.", + "question": "How much do I need to pay in fee\u2019s for this course in the north west?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "depend on where you live", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Pass Plus fees depend on where you live, the instructor or driving school and how long your training takes.

    ", + "

    Some local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs.

    ", + "

    Some local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs

    ", + "

    North-west

    " + ], + "id": "train-1618" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/types-of-prison-sentence", + "scenario": "I am 15 years old and could be convicted for a crime that I have committed. It is not considered to be a serious crime.", + "question": "How long can I expect the sentence to be?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "between 4 months and 2 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    People under 18 get different sentences to adults.

    ", + "

    A Detention and Training Order can be given to someone aged between 12 and 17.

    ", + "

    They last between 4 months and 2 years.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1619" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/types-of-prison-sentence", + "scenario": "I am a 28 year-old man who has committed a crime that I have been convicted for. I have now been convicted of a secondary crime, and have been told that the sentence will be concurrent.", + "question": "What does a concurrent sentence mean?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "served at the same time", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If someone\u2019s convicted of committing more than one crime, they\u2019re usually given a sentence for each crime.

    ", + "

    Concurrent sentences are served at the same time.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1620" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/historic-vehicles", + "scenario": "I have a car that has just become 40 years old since the date it was registered. The car has had the entire subframe replaced last year.", + "question": "Is the vehicle eligible to exempt from MOT with the replacement of the subframe?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not need to get an MOT if:

    ", + "
  • the vehicle was built or first registered more than 40 years ago
    • ", + "
  • no \u2018substantial changes\u2019 have been made to the vehicle in the last 30 years, for example replacing the chassis, body, axles or engine to change the way the vehicle works
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1621" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/historic-vehicles", + "scenario": "My van was registered on the 1 January 1981. I do not know when the van was built, but I know it must have been built before this date.", + "question": "Will the van be eligible to be considered a historic vehicle in this case?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can apply to stop paying for vehicle tax from 1 April 2021 if your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981. You must tax your vehicle even if you do not have to pay.

    ", + "

    If you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was first registered before 8 January 1981, you can still apply to stop paying vehicle tax.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • it\u2019s used for hire or reward (for example, it\u2019s used as a taxi for paying customers)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s used commercially for a trade or business
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to stop paying for vehicle tax from 1 April 2021 if your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981. You must tax your vehicle even if you do not have to pay.

    ", + "

    If you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was first registered before 8 January 1981, you can still apply to stop paying vehicle tax.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle will not be exempt from vehicle tax if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s used for hire or reward (for example, it\u2019s used as a taxi for paying customers)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s used commercially for a trade or business
    • ", + "

    You can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:

    ", + "
  • vans
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1622" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus", + "scenario": "I passed my test about six months ago and am insured to drive my parents' car (I am eighteen). I am very wary about the idea of motorway driving, however.", + "question": "Can this scheme help me work on my motorway driving skills?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Pass Plus is a practical training course that takes at least 6 hours and is for drivers to improve their skills and drive more safely.

    ", + "

    It can be taken at any time although it should be most useful to new drivers in the year after passing their test.

    ", + "

    Pass Plus training takes at least 6 hours. It has 6 modules, covering driving:

    ", + "
  • on motorways
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1623" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus", + "scenario": "I have been able to drive for ten years and have a clean driving licence. There are times that I feel that my skills need refreshing, however. I am prepared to pay for a refresher course", + "question": "How much would it cost me to take this course?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "depend on where you live", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Pass Plus fees depend on where you live, the instructor or driving school and how long your training takes.

    ", + "

    Some local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs.

    ", + "

    Some local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs

    " + ], + "id": "train-1624" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-an-mot", + "scenario": "My car is over three years old and do not think I need an MOT. I drive to and from work daily and rely on the vehicle for everything.", + "question": "When is my MOT due?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the third anniversary of its registration", + [] + ], + [ + "the anniversary of its last mot", + [ + "
  • the anniversary of its last MOT, if it\u2019s over 3 years old
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "at one year old", + [ + "

    Some vehicles need to be tested at one year old - check the MOT fees table to see which.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must get an MOT for your vehicle by either:

    ", + "
  • the third anniversary of its registration
    • ", + "
  • the anniversary of its last MOT, if it\u2019s over 3 years old
    • ", + "

    Some vehicles need to be tested at one year old - check the MOT fees table to see which.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1625" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-an-mot", + "scenario": "I have an old car and not much money and try and keep costs down. i have an MOT but it is dues to expire at the end of next month.", + "question": "Do I need to go to a registered testing centre or can my local backstreet garage do it and give me a certificate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "approved mot test centre", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must use an approved MOT test centre to get your MOT.

    ", + "

    Only centres showing the blue sign with 3 white triangles can carry out your MOT.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1626" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leaving-prison", + "scenario": "I have just left prison and I am now homless and have no money. I am also stuggling to get a job as no one hires people who have been in prison.", + "question": "What are the support available for people who have just left prison?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "universal credit", + [] + ], + [ + "jobseeker\u2019s allowance", + [] + ], + [ + "help from your local council", + [] + ], + [ + "scottish welfare fund", + [ + "
  • Scottish Welfare Fund in Scotland
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "discretionary assistance fund", + [ + "
  • Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A person leaving prison may get the following financial support:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • help from your local council
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Welfare Fund in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales
    • ", + "

    Prisons may also work with organisations in their local area, such as charities, to help prisoners prepare for their release. You can find out about these organisations in the prison information pages.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1627" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leaving-prison", + "scenario": "I am due to being released soon snd I have a young child who is currently staying withmy parents although I am going to be staying with them after I leave prison.", + "question": "Can I see my child before leaving prison so they adjust to seeing me more.", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    A childcare resettlement licence lets a prisoner spend time with their child. They can only apply for this if they\u2019ll be the sole carer of a child when they finish their prison sentence.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A childcare resettlement licence lets a prisoner spend time with their child. They can only apply for this if they\u2019ll be the sole carer of a child when they finish their prison sentence.

    ", + "

    All prisoners get help preparing for life when they leave prison. In the last 12 weeks of their sentence, they\u2019re given advice and support on:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1628" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/community-sentences", + "scenario": "I am a 17-year old man who has been arrested for damaging property. There has not yet been a decision over my conviction, but it seems likely. I currently have no criminal history.", + "question": "What can I expect to receive as punishment if I am convicted?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "referral orders", + [] + ], + [ + "reparation orders", + [] + ], + [ + "youth rehabilitation order", + [] + ], + [ + "listen to their side of the story", + [] + ], + [ + "apologise to them", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get a community sentence if you\u2019re convicted of a crime by a court but are not sent to prison.

    ", + "

    You may have to do unpaid work in your local community, like removing graffiti. This is called Community Payback.

    ", + "

    Community sentences can be given for crimes such as:

    ", + "
  • damaging property
    • ", + "

    You may get a community sentence if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s the first time you have committed a crime
    • ", + "

    Community sentences for young people are different from those given to adults.

    ", + "

    There are 3 main community sentences a court can give you:

    ", + "
  • referral orders \u2013 when, with a panel of people from your local community and your youth justice workers, you are asked to agree a programme of work to address your behaviour
    • ", + "
  • reparation orders \u2013 when you make up for the harm caused by your crime, like repairing any damage to the victim\u2019s property
    • ", + "
  • Youth Rehabilitation Order \u2013 when a court decides on different things that you have to do or must not do, which can last for up to 3 years
    • ", + "

    You can also be given a discharge, when the court decides that the experience of being arrested and going to court is enough of a punishment.

    ", + "

    As part of your community sentence you may also have to speak to the victim and:

    ", + "
  • listen to their side of the story
    • ", + "
  • apologise to them, either in writing or, if the victim wants, face-to-face
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1629" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/community-sentences", + "scenario": "I have been convicted for assault and have been sentenced to community service for 60 hours. I am 27 years old and have been diagnosed with a mental health condition.", + "question": "How long can I work to complete the sentenced hours?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 or 4 days each week", + [ + "

    You have to work 3 or 4 days each week if you\u2019re unemployed.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "outside your working hours", + [ + "

    The Community Payback work will be arranged outside your working hours if you have a job, for example evenings or weekends.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get a community sentence if you\u2019re convicted of a crime by a court but are not sent to prison.

    ", + "

    You may have to do unpaid work in your local community, like removing graffiti. This is called Community Payback.

    ", + "

    Community sentences can be given for crimes such as:

    ", + "
  • assault
    • ", + "

    You may get a community sentence if:

    ", + "
  • you have a mental health condition that affects your behaviour
    • ", + "

    You have to work 3 or 4 days each week if you\u2019re unemployed.

    ", + "

    The Community Payback work will be arranged outside your working hours if you have a job, for example evenings or weekends.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1630" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-taken-to-employment-tribunal-by-employee", + "scenario": "I own a software development company. Recently we hired a female employee that quit after only a few short months. She stated that her reason for quitting was workspace discrimination. Around a month after her departure from the company I received a claim against the company regarding her being discriminated. After requesting more details it turned out that one of our employees had been harassing his female colleagues. That employee has since been fired.", + "question": "Are there other options to settle the claim out of court?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "solve the problem without it going to a tribunal", + [] + ], + [ + "pay compensation to the claimant", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be taken to an employment tribunal by an employee or someone else (for example a job applicant or trade union) over various issues, including:

    ", + "
  • discrimination
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll be contacted by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) if someone wants to make a claim against you. They\u2019ll offer to work with you and the claimant to try to solve the problem without it going to a tribunal - this is called \u2018conciliation\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can try to settle the case at any time by offering to pay compensation to the claimant (known as a \u2018settlement agreement\u2019).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1631" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-taken-to-employment-tribunal-by-employee", + "scenario": "An employee we fired from our marketing department launched a claim against the company stating that their pay was unreasonably low and unsatisfactory for the industry. The tribunal decided in their favor despite overwhelming evidence that the pay was above industry standards for the position of the employee.", + "question": "What reason should I give for requesting the tribunal to reconsider?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the tribunal made a mistake in the way it reached its decision", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask the tribunal to reconsider the decision if you lose the case.

    ", + "

    You need to give good reasons, such as:

    ", + "
  • the tribunal made a mistake in the way it reached its decision
    • ", + "

    You can also appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal if you think the employment tribunal made a legal mistake.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1632" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drink-drive-course", + "scenario": "I have been given 14 months ban for drink &driving offense and it will affect my work. I want to reduce the ban by taking a drink -driving rehabilitation course.", + "question": "How much does the course cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3250", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be offered a rehabilitation course to reduce your driving ban if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re found guilty of a drink-drive offence
    • ", + "
  • your ban is for 12 months or more
    • ", + "

    You have to pay to take the course. It can cost up to \u00a3250.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1633" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drink-drive-course", + "scenario": "My brother had booked his drink-driving course to reduce his driving ban. He now wants to change to another course provider.", + "question": "Will he pay to change?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your ban will be reduced if you complete the course within a certain time. The ban is usually reduced by a quarter.

    ", + "

    You can change to another course with a different provider at any point before you book. It\u2019s free to change your course.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1634" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals", + "scenario": "I won an employment tribunal case against my employer. I was awarded compensation for the unfair dismissal of which I was a victim. The employer has not paid.", + "question": "What are the further actions I can take?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "use the penalty enforcement form", + [] + ], + [ + "use the fast track scheme to send a high court enforcement officer - similar to a bailiff - to demand payment from the respondent", + [ + "

    Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in England or Wales

    " + ] + ], + [ + "ask the local county court to send an enforcement officer to get the money from the respondent", + [ + "

    Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in England or Wales

    " + ] + ], + [ + "write to the office that heard your case and ask for an \u2018extract of the judgment\u2019", + [ + "

    Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in Scotland

    " + ] + ], + [ + "contact them to find out why", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you win your case, the tribunal can order the losing party to do certain things depending on the type of case. Examples include:

    ", + "
  • paying you compensation
    • ", + "

    If the respondent does not pay

    ", + "

    If you do not get your payment, contact them to find out why.

    ", + "

    If they still do not pay you can ask to have them fined and named online by the government. You can also ask a court to force them to pay.

    ", + "

    Use the penalty enforcement form. Post it to the address on the form or email it to the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy.

    ", + "

    Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in England or Wales

    ", + "

    You can use the Fast Track scheme to send a High Court Enforcement Officer - similar to a bailiff - to demand payment from the respondent.

    ", + "

    You can also ask the local county court to send an enforcement officer to get the money from the respondent. This costs \u00a344.

    ", + "

    Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in Scotland

    ", + "

    Write to the office that heard your case and ask for an \u2018extract of the judgment\u2019. A sheriff officer can use this to force the respondent to pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1635" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals", + "scenario": "I participated in an employment tribunal against my employer with a group of colleagues. I was not lead claimant, but I did pay for the tribunal fees.", + "question": "Am I able to get a refund on the tribunal fees?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can get a refund if you paid fees at an Employment Tribunal or Employment Appeals Tribunal between 29 July 2013 and 26 July 2017.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get a refund if you paid fees at an Employment Tribunal or Employment Appeals Tribunal between 29 July 2013 and 26 July 2017.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1636" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-asylum-tribunal", + "scenario": "I came to the UK to seek asylum and have stayed here for several years although have just found out I am being threatened with being deported. I want to try and appeal this.", + "question": "How do I appeal my immigration decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "online or by post or fax with form iaft-5", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if the Home Office has decided to:

    ", + "
  • revoke your protection status
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser

    ", + "

    Find out how to appeal from:

    ", + "
  • within the UK
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser

    ", + "

    Apply online if you can - online appeals are quicker than post or fax appeals.

    ", + "What you\u2019re appealing | How you can appeal", + "A decision to revoke your protection status | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5" + ], + "id": "train-1637" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-asylum-tribunal", + "scenario": "I have recently had my appeal rejected and I am at a loss of what to do my family members are all in the uk and I wont be able to see them anymore.", + "question": "Is there anything I can do as my appeal has been rejected?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can ask for permission to appeal to the upper tribunal", + [ + "

    You can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if you lose your case and you think there\u2019s a legal mistake with the tribunal\u2019s decision.

    ", + "
  • got the law wrong
    • ", + "
  • do not apply the correct law
    • ", + "
  • do not follow the correct procedures, which affected the decision
    • ", + "
  • had no evidence to support its decision
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if you lose your case and you think there\u2019s a legal mistake with the tribunal\u2019s decision.

    ", + "

    For example, you think the tribunal:

    ", + "
  • got the law wrong
    • ", + "
  • do not apply the correct law
    • ", + "
  • do not follow the correct procedures, which affected the decision
    • ", + "
  • had no evidence to support its decision
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1638" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/staying-in-touch-with-someone-in-prison", + "scenario": "My neighbour was jailed due to gun related case . His wife Karen cries everyday as she misses him. She is disabled and diabetic.", + "question": "Do they allow video calls in prison?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make video calls to people in some prisons using your mobile phone or tablet.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1639" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/staying-in-touch-with-someone-in-prison", + "scenario": "My brother has been jailed and my father is very worried and would like to know which items are allowed in prison.", + "question": "Can he take a mobile phone to him?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It\u2019s a criminal offence to send or give a prisoner:

    ", + "
  • a mobile phone
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1640" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-medical-conditions", + "scenario": "I am 73 years old, and I have been recently diagnosed with a heart condition. My driving license has just expired and I am about to apply for a new one.", + "question": "Do I have to inform the DVLA about my heart condition?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell DVLA if you have a driving licence and:

    ", + "
  • you develop a \u2018notifiable\u2019 medical condition or disability
    • ", + "

    Notifiable conditions are anything that could affect your ability to drive safely. They can include:

    ", + "
  • heart conditions (including atrial fibrillation and pacemakers)
    • ", + "

    You must also tell DVLA about notifiable conditions if you:

    ", + "
  • renew your licence (if you\u2019re 70 or over)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1641" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-medical-conditions", + "scenario": "I passed my driver's licence. I failed to inform the DVLA about having epilepsy when I applied for for my licence. I have now been involved in an accident.", + "question": "What punishment could I face for failing to inform about having epilepsy?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "fined up to \u00a31,000", + [] + ], + [ + "prosecuted", + [ + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA about a condition that might affect your ability to drive safely. You could also be prosecuted if you have an accident.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Notifiable conditions are anything that could affect your ability to drive safely. They can include:

    ", + "
  • epilepsy
    • ", + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA about a condition that might affect your ability to drive safely. You could also be prosecuted if you have an accident.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1642" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-magistrates-court-decision", + "scenario": "I have been fined by the court for not paying my council bills. My income changed during the covid pandemic and I have no job .", + "question": "Can get the fine reviewed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask the court to change the amount you\u2019ve been fined if:

    ", + "
  • your financial circumstances have changed
    • ", + "

    You can ask the court to change a fine if:

    ", + "
  • your financial circumstances have changed
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1643" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-magistrates-court-decision", + "scenario": "My friend Andrew was charged with domestic abuse and assault. After a court hearing it was decided that he was guilty . He wants the court decision to be reconsidered since it was not backed by facts .", + "question": "Can he appeal the decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the magistrates\u2019 court against your:

    ", + "
  • conviction and sentence, if you pleaded not guilty
    • ", + "

    If you think the decision was wrong, you can ask the court to reconsider a sentence or conviction. For example, if there was a serious mistake or the court did not follow the right steps.

    ", + "

    You can ask the court to reconsider your conviction, sentence or court order if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, for example if the court did not:

    ", + "
  • give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1644" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-tax-class", + "scenario": "I manage a company with 200 cars that help disabled people commute from their home to office. We've registered our cars as business cars.", + "question": "How much tax do I need to pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You will not have to pay vehicle tax or will pay a lower rate if it\u2019s being used by:

    ", + "
  • an organisation providing transport for disabled people
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1645" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-tax-class", + "scenario": "I have a mini bus bussiness which has undergone several changes, for example I now only collect children for school trips where as I used to collect disabled people.", + "question": "Do I need to pay more taxes due to the chamge of my bussiness?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you make changes to your vehicle it could affect:

    ", + "
  • how much vehicle tax you pay
    • ", + "

    Changes that affect your vehicle include:

    ", + "
  • what you use the vehicle for, for example using a minibus for profit
    • ", + "

    You will not have to pay vehicle tax or will pay a lower rate if it\u2019s being used by:

    ", + "
  • an organisation providing transport for disabled people
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1646" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-aid", + "scenario": "I have been having a lot of issues with my husband. He slowly became more and more abusive over the last years. I have given him plenty of chances to show me that he can go back to his old self but that seems impossible at this point. I recently filed for a divorce but he refuses to sign the papers and his anger has only ramped up because of it. I make slightly above minimum wage and would not have any money to set a side to fight him in court.", + "question": "Could I be asked to pay some of the money towards the costs of my case?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show that you cannot afford to pay for this help. You may have to pay some money towards the legal costs of your case or pay costs back later.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay some money towards the legal costs of your case.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Legal aid can help meet the costs of legal advice, family mediation and representation in a court or tribunal.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show that:

    ", + "
  • the problem is serious
    • ", + "
  • you cannot afford to pay for legal costs
    • ", + "

    You could for example get legal aid if:

    ", + "
  • you or your family are at risk of abuse or serious harm, for example domestic violence or forced marriage
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show that you cannot afford to pay for this help. You may have to pay some money towards the legal costs of your case or pay costs back later.

    ", + "

    You could get help with the costs of legal advice or getting someone to speak or negotiate for you.

    ", + "

    You may have to pay some money towards the legal costs of your case.

    ", + "

    You might be able to get legal aid for problems like:

    ", + "
  • protecting yourself or your child from abuse or harassment, for example domestic violence or forced marriage
    • ", + "

    You might be able to get legal aid if you have evidence that you or your children have been victims of domestic abuse or violence and you cannot afford to pay legal costs.

    ", + "

    You or your children must have been victims of either:

    ", + "
  • domestic abuse or violence
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1647" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-aid", + "scenario": "My ex wife has filed a court claim stating that I am abusive to our kids which I have full custody of. Being a single dad has left my income a bit stretched and I am gonna have trouble keeping up with the financial side of my legal representation for this case. I applied for legal aid but was told I am ineligible.", + "question": "What alternatives are available to me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the law centres network", + [] + ], + [ + "citizens advice", + [] + ], + [ + "advicenow", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you cannot get legal aid, you may be able to get free advice from:

    ", + "
  • the Law Centres Network
    • ", + "
  • Citizens Advice
    • ", + "
  • AdviceNow
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1648" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-employment-appeal-tribunal", + "scenario": "I have recently been directly involved with a employememt tribunal case however I am not happy about the decision of the case and believe the case was swayed in the advantage of the employer.", + "question": "Who can I ask for help help with my appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "citizens advice and citizens advice scotland", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) if you think a legal mistake was made in an employment tribunal case.

    ", + "

    For example, you could appeal if it:

    ", + "
  • was unfairly biased towards the other party
    • ", + "

    You can also get free legal advice from Citizens Advice and Citizens Advice Scotland.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1649" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-employment-appeal-tribunal", + "scenario": "I only recenty discovered that I can appeal to EAT although my court hearing was a long time ago.", + "question": "What is the deadline for appealing to EAT?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "42 days", + [ + "
  • the decision was sent to you
    • ", + "
  • the reasons were sent to you (but only if the Employment Tribunal did not provide reasons at the hearing or you asked for the reasons within 14 days of the decision being sent to you)
    • ", + "

    Your appeal must arrive by 4pm on the final day.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must appeal within 42 days of the date that either:

    ", + "
  • the decision was sent to you
    • ", + "
  • the reasons were sent to you (but only if the Employment Tribunal did not provide reasons at the hearing or you asked for the reasons within 14 days of the decision being sent to you)
    • ", + "

    Your appeal must arrive by 4pm on the final day.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1650" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence", + "scenario": "My husband and I lived in a house together, which is owned by him. I am a victim of abuse and want to stop him living with me and my children.", + "question": "Is there a way to block him from occupying the home even though I don't own it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for an \u2018injunction\u2019 if you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic abuse. An injunction is a court order that either:

    ", + "
  • decides who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area - this is called an \u2018occupation order\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can apply for an occupation order if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and meet the requirements. The order will say who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area.

    ", + "

    You can apply if:

    ", + "
  • you do not own or rent the home but you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership with the owner and you\u2019re living in the home (known as \u2018matrimonial home rights\u2019)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1651" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence", + "scenario": "We adopted our child from an adoption agency. He has become quite abusive to use as parents, and we want him to leave the house. We know about the existence of the injunctions.", + "question": "Are injunctions also applicable to adopted family members?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply if you have a child or grandchild and the respondent is the child\u2019s parent or person you share parental responsibility with.

    ", + "

    If your child (or grandchild) has been adopted, you can also apply to get an injunction against their:

    ", + "
  • adoptive parent
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1652" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals", + "scenario": "My sister lost her job after a work colleague accused her wrongly of theft. After a thorough investigation they found out that my sister was innocent .", + "question": "Can she make a claim?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a claim to an employment tribunal if you think someone has treated you unlawfully, such as your employer, a potential employer or a trade union.

    ", + "

    Unlawful treatment can include:

    ", + "
  • unfair dismissal
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1653" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals", + "scenario": "I have filed a case against my employer . He reduced my salary without notice citing that I did not report to work for 2 weeks. I have witnesses who want to testify in court .", + "question": "Can I ask my employer to pay the witness expenses?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Unlawful treatment can include:

    ", + "
  • unfair deductions from your pay
    • ", + "

    You can bring witnesses to the hearing if they can give evidence directly relevant to your case.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll most likely be responsible for paying the witness\u2019s expenses.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1654" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jury-service", + "scenario": "I am an employee of a company that has been summoned for jury service. I have difficulty hearing, and believe this would make it difficult to participate.", + "question": "Is poor hearing grounds to be excused from jury service?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If it\u2019s not possible for you to do jury service in the next 12 months, you can ask to be excused. You\u2019ll only be allowed to do this in exceptional circumstances, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a serious illness or disability that prevents you from doing jury service
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1655" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-land-registration-tribunal", + "scenario": "My brother and I had issues with the documentation regarding the home my father left us in his will. We were able to reach a decision among ourselves shortly after we applied to the land registration tribunal.", + "question": "Is the hearing required if both of us agree with making a decision without a hearing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to attend a hearing where you (or your legal representative) and the other parties will present your cases to a judge.

    ", + "

    The tribunal may make a decision without a hearing if all the people involved agree or if no one objects once given notice.

    ", + "

    The people involved can also ask the tribunal to make a decision without a hearing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1656" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-land-registration-tribunal", + "scenario": "I had to appear in front of the land registration tribunal last month. The problem is I was never notified of when the hearing was scheduled for and the tribunal reached a decision, not in my favor, without my attendance.", + "question": "Which tribunal should I contact to request of the dismissal of this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the upper tribunal", + [ + "

    You can appeal to the Upper tribunal (Land Chamber) if you\u2019re not happy with the verdict. You must ask the First-tier Tribunal for permission first.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "the first-tier tribunal", + [ + "

    You can also ask the First-tier Tribunal to set aside their decision if you think there was a problem with the tribunal\u2019s procedure, for example you did not receive a notice of a hearing.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the Upper tribunal (Land Chamber) if you\u2019re not happy with the verdict. You must ask the First-tier Tribunal for permission first.

    ", + "

    You can also ask the First-tier Tribunal to set aside their decision if you think there was a problem with the tribunal\u2019s procedure, for example you did not receive a notice of a hearing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1657" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-lessons-learning-to-drive", + "scenario": "My daughter lives in UK and she is 16 years old. She has good eyesight and would like to apply for a provisional driving license.", + "question": "How much does it cost?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1658" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-lessons-learning-to-drive", + "scenario": "My nephew is 22 years old and lives in UK. He has a manual driving license. He would like to offer driving lessons to my 19 years old son.", + "question": "Is this allowed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • be qualified to drive the type of vehicle you want to learn in, for example they must have a manual car licence if they\u2019re supervising you in a manual car
    • ", + "
  • have had their full driving licence for 3 years (from the UK, the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    In England, you can practice driving with family or friends, but this is restricted to groups of no more than 6 people, or 2 households. Follow the rules for car sharing in the coronavirus (COVID-19) travel guidance.

    ", + "

    Anyone you practise your driving with (without paying them) must:

    ", + "
  • be over 21
    • ", + "
  • be qualified to drive the type of vehicle you want to learn in, for example they must have a manual car licence if they\u2019re supervising you in a manual car
    • ", + "
  • have had their full driving licence for 3 years (from the UK, the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1659" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-tax-rate-tables", + "scenario": "I own a new diesel car with 80g/km carbon emissions . I am also aware that it doesn't meet Real Driving Emissions 2.", + "question": "How much first vehicle tax rate should pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3140", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to pay tax when the vehicle is first registered, this covers the vehicle for 12 months.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay a rate based on a vehicle\u2019s CO2 emissions the first time it\u2019s registered.

    ", + "

    You have to pay a higher rate for diesel cars that do not meet the Real Driving Emissions 2 (RDE2) standard for nitrogen oxide emissions. You can ask your car\u2019s manufacturer if your car meets the RDE2 standard.

    ", + "CO2 emissions | Diesel cars (TC49) that meet the RDE2 standard and petrol cars (TC48) | All other diesel cars (TC49) | Alternative fuel cars (TC59)", + "76 to 90g/km | \u00a3115 | \u00a3140 | \u00a3105" + ], + "id": "train-1660" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-tax-rate-tables", + "scenario": "My mother has bought a new car at \u00a345000 in 2020. She has registered it and paid the needed vehicle tax rate.", + "question": "When will she have to pay the next vehicle tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "every 6 or 12 months", + [] + ], + [ + "a year", + [ + "

    You have to pay an extra \u00a3335 a year if you have a car or motorhome with a \u2018list price\u2019 (the published price before any discounts) of more than \u00a340,000. You do not have to pay this if you have a zero emission vehicle.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll then pay vehicle tax every 6 or 12 months at a different rate.

    ", + "

    You have to pay an extra \u00a3335 a year if you have a car or motorhome with a \u2018list price\u2019 (the published price before any discounts) of more than \u00a340,000. You do not have to pay this if you have a zero emission vehicle.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1661" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-statement-to-the-parole-board", + "scenario": "My neighbor was attacked and raped by two gangsters at night in her house.she later identified them and were jailed. She just received news that they are on parole and soon will be released. She is worried.", + "question": "Can she ask someone else to make a victim personal statement to the parole board?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • cannot make a statement themselves - for example, because of mental incapacity or illness
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a victim personal statement if you\u2019re a close relative of a victim who:

    ", + "
  • cannot make a statement themselves - for example, because of mental incapacity or illness
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1662" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-statement-to-the-parole-board", + "scenario": "My Uncle lost his wife through a armed robbery. The culprits were jailed and are now on parole. He made a victim personal statement on what happened.", + "question": "Is he allowed to add more information during reading of his victim personal statement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019 to be presented at the Parole Board hearing if you\u2019re a victim of the prisoner.

    ", + "

    You can make a victim personal statement if you\u2019re a close relative of a victim who:

    ", + "
  • has died
    • ", + "

    Close relatives include spouses and partners, parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren, siblings and dependants. Other family members, guardians and carers of victims may also be allowed to make a statement.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be asked to read out your victim personal statement (unless someone else is reading it for you).

    ", + "

    You will not be able to add anything to your written statement at the hearing and will not usually be asked questions.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1663" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-land-registration-tribunal", + "scenario": "I inherited a piece of land from my late father and would like to change his name to mine so that I can sell it.", + "question": "Can apply to the land chamber tribunal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    If you want to change the title register or title plan, contact HM Land Registry directly.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You need to apply to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber (First-tier Tribunal) if you want to correct or cancel certain documents relating to registered land.

    ", + "

    Apply to the tribunal if you want to correct or cancel (sometimes known as \u2018set aside\u2019) certain documents relating to registered land. You can also object to someone else\u2019s application. These are known as \u2018rectification cases\u2019.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to apply to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber (First-tier Tribunal) if you want to correct or cancel certain documents relating to registered land.

    ", + "

    If you want to change the title register or title plan, contact HM Land Registry directly.

    ", + "

    Apply to the tribunal if you want to correct or cancel (sometimes known as \u2018set aside\u2019) certain documents relating to registered land. You can also object to someone else\u2019s application. These are known as \u2018rectification cases\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1664" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-land-registration-tribunal", + "scenario": "I have lost a land case to my neighbor who acquired it through fraud. I didn't receive timely court proceedings and I am saddened by the decision.", + "question": "Can i appeal the decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can appeal to the Upper tribunal (Land Chamber) if you\u2019re not happy with the verdict. You must ask the First-tier Tribunal for permission first.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the Upper tribunal (Land Chamber) if you\u2019re not happy with the verdict. You must ask the First-tier Tribunal for permission first.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1665" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/administrative-appeals-tribunal", + "scenario": "I am about to see through my case, I am ex armed forces and got severley wounded whilst in combat a few years ago I was told I could get some compensation.", + "question": "How will the result of my case be decided?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a judge will make a decision", + [ + "
  • your appeal form
    • ", + "
  • the documents you\u2019ve provided
    • ", + "
  • the documents used by the lower tribunal or organisation that decided your case
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "attend a hearing", + [ + "

    In certain cases you may be asked to attend a hearing to present your case. You can also ask for a hearing when you apply - the judge will decide if it\u2019s necessary.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "get a time extension", + [ + "

    You may be able to get a time extension if you need more time to prepare - ask the judge.

    ", + "

    You must have a good reason, for example you\u2019re having problems finding a document or you\u2019re ill.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might be able to appeal if your case was about:

    ", + "
  • war pensions and armed forces compensation
    • ", + "

    A judge will make a decision using:

    ", + "
  • your appeal form
    • ", + "
  • the documents you\u2019ve provided
    • ", + "
  • the documents used by the lower tribunal or organisation that decided your case
    • ", + "

    In certain cases you may be asked to attend a hearing to present your case. You can also ask for a hearing when you apply - the judge will decide if it\u2019s necessary.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a time extension if you need more time to prepare - ask the judge.

    ", + "

    You must have a good reason, for example you\u2019re having problems finding a document or you\u2019re ill.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1666" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drink-drive-course", + "scenario": "I am a man in my early 20\u2019s and I have struggled with my relationship with alcohol I only recently got my drivers licence so I dont want to lose it.", + "question": "Can I take the course to get myself back on track again?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be offered a rehabilitation course to reduce your driving ban if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re found guilty of a drink-drive offence
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1667" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drink-drive-course", + "scenario": "I am a older woman in my 60\u2019s. I was recently found guilty driving after drinking. I am really interested in taking the course but I can not afford to pay the \u00a3250 fee to get the course.", + "question": "is there any way I can pay in installments?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1668" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-insurance", + "scenario": "My friend asked me to drive his car back to London because he had been drinking. We were involved in an accident, and I found out my friend has no insurance.", + "question": "Will I be punished even though I am not the registered keeper?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must have motor insurance to drive your vehicle on UK roads.

    ", + "

    It does not matter who is driving the car - if you\u2019re the registered keeper, you could get penalised.

    ", + "

    The police could give you a fixed penalty of \u00a3300 and 6 penalty points if you\u2019re caught driving a vehicle you\u2019re not insured to drive.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1669" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-insurance", + "scenario": "I live in Britain, and I have comprehensive insurance for my own car. I need to do some driving abroad when I go to Japan for business reasons.", + "question": "Will my insurance be sufficient to cover my drive in Japan?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You may need to carry a green card to prove you have the minimum insurance cover required by the country you\u2019re driving in.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You may also need additional insurance for your vehicle, trailer or caravan. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re going to.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need to carry a green card to prove you have the minimum insurance cover required by the country you\u2019re driving in.

    ", + "

    You may also need additional insurance for your vehicle, trailer or caravan. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re going to.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1670" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "scenario": "I am an elderly man and I have a mobility scooter although I don\u2019t know if I am able to register it or not, I also have bad vision and will need help with viewing the computer when registering.", + "question": "Do I need to register my mobility scooter?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You must register class 3 invalid carriages.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You do not need to register a class 2 invalid carriage.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not need a licence to drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, but you may have to register it. Only certain types can be driven on the road. The law calls these types of vehicles \u2018invalid carriages\u2019.

    ", + "

    You do not need to register a class 2 invalid carriage.

    ", + "

    You must register class 3 invalid carriages.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1671" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "scenario": "I need a mobility scooter for daily use however I have very bad vision and can not see very well, will this effect my ability to get a scooter to use. I can always get an updated vision test if needed.", + "question": "Can I still use my mobility scooter daily if I have problems with my vision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    There is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1672" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leaving-prison", + "scenario": "My friend Martin has served 10 years in prison and is now paroled. He is set to be released from prison.", + "question": "Can he be given time to start looking for work?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A resettlement day release lets a prisoner out during the day - for example to go on a training course to help them find work once they\u2019re released.

    ", + "

    All prisoners get help preparing for life when they leave prison. In the last 12 weeks of their sentence, they\u2019re given advice and support on:

    ", + "
  • getting a job
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1673" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leaving-prison", + "scenario": "My Uncle is leaving prison after being paroled. He has no house or source of income. I am afraid he will go i to depression.", + "question": "Is he entittled for financial support?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A person leaving prison may get the following financial support:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • help from your local council
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Welfare Fund in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1674" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transport-disabled", + "scenario": "I have a disablity and need to use a wheelchair however I need to get on a train to travel to see family, I am thinking about doing this a few times a year. I do not have a very large income and I want some money off my fee\u2019s.", + "question": "How much can I get money off transport as I am disabled?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a third", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re eligible you can get up to a third off rail tickets by applying for a disabled person\u2019s railcard. You must provide evidence of a relevant disability.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1675" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transport-disabled", + "scenario": "I am blind and I use a guide dog to help me get around. I want to use the train soon to visit friends but I am unsure about taking my guide dog on the train. I am worried the train will be too crowded and am unsure about the rules around this.", + "question": "Can I take my guide dog on the train?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1676" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "scenario": "I am 13 years old. I suffer from a medical condition that affects my ability to walk. And I am looking for a mobility scooter to help me get around.", + "question": "What kind of mobility scooters can I use?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "class 2 invalid carriages", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs come in 2 categories:

    ", + "
  • \u2018class 2 invalid carriages\u2019 - these cannot be used on the road (except where there is not a pavement) and have a maximum speed of 4mph
    • ", + "
  • \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019 - these can be used on the road, and have a maximum speed of 4mph off the road, and 8mph on the road
    • ", + "

    You must be 14 or over to drive a class 3 invalid carriage.

    ", + "

    You can only drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if you:

    ", + "
  • have trouble walking because of an injury, physical disability or medical condition
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1677" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "scenario": "I am 27 years old and have been told I can use a mobility scooter due to my heart problem. I also have bad eyesight, but this has not been mentioned by anyone as being an issue.", + "question": "Are there any issues with having poor eyesight?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    There is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).

    ", + "

    You can only drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if you:

    ", + "
  • have trouble walking because of an injury, physical disability or medical condition
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1678" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transport-disabled", + "scenario": "I am disabled and use a wheelchair to move around. I needed to get on the bus and driver refused to help to get onto the bus.", + "question": "Are they any channel in which I can make a complain?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "complain to the bus or coach service operator directly", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the bus or coach service operator directly.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "bus users uk for complaints", + [ + "

    If you cannot resolve the problem with the operator, contact:

    ", + "
  • Bus Users UK for complaints about services outside of London
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "london travelwatch", + [ + "
  • London TravelWatch for complaints about services in London
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "your local government ombudsman for complaints", + [ + "

    If you cannot resolve the problem with the operator, contact:

    ", + "
  • your local government ombudsman for complaints about bus passes
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The law says bus and coach drivers must give reasonable assistance to disabled people, for example by helping them get on and off the bus or coach. This does not mean physically lifting passengers or heavy mobility equipment.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the bus or coach service operator directly.

    ", + "

    If you cannot resolve the problem with the operator, contact:

    ", + "
  • Bus Users UK for complaints about services outside of London
    • ", + "
  • London TravelWatch for complaints about services in London
    • ", + "
  • your local government ombudsman for complaints about bus passes
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1679" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transport-disabled", + "scenario": "I am seventy-years old and I have a broken. There may be some difficulties getting around the airport with the condition I am in. I am self-dependant, and I do not need a carer.", + "question": "What kind of support can I expect to get around the airport?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "help at specific arrival points", + [] + ], + [ + "help to reach check-in", + [] + ], + [ + "help with registration at check-in", + [] + ], + [ + "help with moving through the airport if you need it, including to toilets", + [] + ], + [ + "help to board the plane", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have a sensory, physical or learning disability which affects your mobility when using transport, at airports in the UK and EU you have the right to:

    ", + "
  • help at specific arrival points, such as at terminal entrances, at transport interchanges and in car parks
    • ", + "
  • help to reach check-in
    • ", + "
  • help with registration at check-in
    • ", + "
  • help with moving through the airport if you need it, including to toilets
    • ", + "
  • help to board the plane
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have the right to help because of your age or a temporary illness or injury - for example if you\u2019ve broken your leg and it\u2019s in a cast.

    ", + "

    You can travel with up to 2 items of mobility equipment free of charge if you\u2019re disabled. This will not count as part of your baggage allowance.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1680" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rights-disabled-person", + "scenario": "I am a 26 years old disabled person who cannot walk. There is no ramp at my workplace for my wheelchair and i need to struggle up steps to get into the building.", + "question": "Does my employer have to provide me with safe access to my workplace?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As a disabled person, you have rights to protect you from discrimination. These rights cover most areas including:

    ", + "
  • employment
    • ", + "

    An employer has to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to avoid you being put at a disadvantage compared to non-disabled people in the workplace. For example, adjusting your working hours or providing you with a special piece of equipment to help you do the job.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1681" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rights-disabled-person", + "scenario": "My son is 18 with motor-neurone disease. He is very intelligent but finds it hard to communicate. He loves computers and wants to study computer science at university.", + "question": "Are universities able to offer courses to the same standard as for non disabled people?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1682" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-lessons-learning-to-drive", + "scenario": "I am 18 years old, and want to start learning to drive. My father, who is 40 years old, has said that he is willing to teach me to drive.", + "question": "Is my father allowed to teach me or do I need to use an instructor?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • be qualified to drive the type of vehicle you want to learn in, for example they must have a manual car licence if they\u2019re supervising you in a manual car
    • ", + "
  • have had their full driving licence for 3 years (from the UK, the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a provisional driving licence when you\u2019re 15 years and 9 months old.

    ", + "

    Anyone you practise your driving with (without paying them) must:

    ", + "
  • be over 21
    • ", + "
  • be qualified to drive the type of vehicle you want to learn in, for example they must have a manual car licence if they\u2019re supervising you in a manual car
    • ", + "
  • have had their full driving licence for 3 years (from the UK, the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1683" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-lessons-learning-to-drive", + "scenario": "I am 18 years old. I have been learning to drive for 8 months. My instructor keeps telling me that I need more lessons, but there seems to be no end in sight. I think I am ready to take it.", + "question": "Am I able to take the test now or do I need more lessons like my instructor says?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "depend on how quickly you learn", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have or hours you must practise driving.

    ", + "

    How many lessons you need will depend on how quickly you learn. You can download a form to record your progress with your instructor.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1684" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stopped-by-police-while-driving-your-rights", + "scenario": "My 14 years old son sneaked out with my car and drove at a very high speed. He was pulled over by the police due to dangerous driving and with no driving license. My car was seized.", + "question": "How much fee will pay ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to \u00a3200 plus a storage fee of \u00a320 for every day or part day", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can also have your vehicle seized if you\u2019re stopped on suspicion of driving without insurance and for some other offences.

    ", + "

    The police can seize a vehicle if they think it\u2019s being used in a way that causes alarm, harassment or distress, for example careless or inconsiderate driving.

    ", + "

    They can also seize a vehicle if they think it\u2019s:

    ", + "
  • being driven by someone who does not have a proper licence or insurance
    • ", + "
  • dangerously, illegally or obstructively parked
    • ", + "

    If your vehicle is seized there\u2019s a \u2018release fee\u2019 of up to \u00a3200 plus a storage fee of \u00a320 for every day or part day.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1685" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stopped-by-police-while-driving-your-rights", + "scenario": "My sister passed her driving test in July 2019 . Last week she was pulled over because she was driving while using her mobile phone.", + "question": "Can she get banned from driving?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a3200 and get penalty points on your licence if you get a fixed penalty notice - you may be disqualified from driving if you build up 12 points within 3 years.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The police can give you a \u2018fixed penalty notice\u2019 for less serious traffic offences, including for:

    ", + "
  • using a mobile phone while driving
    • ", + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a3200 and get penalty points on your licence if you get a fixed penalty notice - you may be disqualified from driving if you build up 12 points within 3 years.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1686" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jury-service", + "scenario": "My Aunt is self-employed and has received a jury service summon. This will cost her 10 working days out of work and loss of income. This will also lead to cost driving from home to the court.", + "question": "How much can she claim back?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a364.95 a day", + [ + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a332.47", + [ + "
  • \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "31.4p per mile", + [] + ], + [ + "\u00a35.71 per day", + [ + "Up to and including 10 hours a day | \u00a35.71 per day" + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a312.17 per day", + [ + "Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if you lose earnings. You can also claim some expenses, for example travel.

    ", + "
  • if you\u2019re self-employed
    • ", + "

    You will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if your earnings are affected. For each day you\u2019re at court, you can usually claim:

    ", + "
  • up to \u00a364.95 towards your loss of earnings, and any care or childcare costs outside of your usual arrangements
    • ", + "
  • \u00a35.71 for food and drink
    • ", + "
  • the cost of travel to and from court
    • ", + "

    For the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • ", + "
  • \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • ", + "

    Travel and parking costs

    ", + "How you travel to court | The court will pay", + "Car | 31.4p per mile - check if the court will pay for parking", + "

    Food and drink

    ", + "Time spent each day | The court will pay up to", + "Up to and including 10 hours a day | \u00a35.71 per day", + "Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day" + ], + "id": "train-1687" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-an-mot", + "scenario": "I have recently recently bought a new car. The car has room for five people. I know that new cars are exempt from MOT.", + "question": "How long is this new car exempt from MOT?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 years", + [] + ], + [ + "one year", + [ + "

    Some vehicles need to be tested at one year old - check the MOT fees table to see which.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must get an MOT for your vehicle by either:

    ", + "
  • the third anniversary of its registration
    • ", + "
  • the anniversary of its last MOT, if it\u2019s over 3 years old
    • ", + "

    Some vehicles need to be tested at one year old - check the MOT fees table to see which.

    ", + "

    You do not need to get an MOT for a vehicle until it reaches the age shown in the MOT fees table.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1688" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-an-mot", + "scenario": "My car failed its MOT based on the side mirror being cracked. I have had this repaired at the mechanics. I am going to have the car retested, a day after the original MOT test. My mechanic wants me to pay for the retest.", + "question": "Do you need to pay for an MOT retest?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    In some cases your vehicle can have a partial retest for free or a reduced MOT fee.

    ", + "

    You will not have to pay again if you take it back to the same test centre before the end of the next working day for a partial retest on one or more of these items:

    ", + "
  • mirrors
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1689" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-aid", + "scenario": "I am a 30 year old woman who doesn\u2019t work and I have recently escaped an abusive relationship although my ex partner keeps trying to contact me and is harrasing me so I would like to try and get a restraining order.", + "question": "Can I get legal aid as I do not work and am being threatened by my ex?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to give details and evidence of your income, benefits, savings and property, and those of your partner. If you\u2019re under 18, you may need to give information about your parents\u2019 or guardians\u2019 income.

    ", + "

    You may also have to provide evidence about your problem, for example in a divorce case by providing a court order or GP letter showing that you or your child have been a victim of abuse.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Legal aid can help meet the costs of legal advice, family mediation and representation in a court or tribunal.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show that:

    ", + "
  • the problem is serious
    • ", + "
  • you cannot afford to pay for legal costs
    • ", + "

    You could for example get legal aid if:

    ", + "
  • you or your family are at risk of abuse or serious harm, for example domestic violence or forced marriage
    • ", + "

    Civil cases include things like debt, family or housing problems. To get legal aid, you usually need to show you cannot afford to pay for legal costs and your problem is serious.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to give details and evidence of your income, benefits, savings and property, and those of your partner. If you\u2019re under 18, you may need to give information about your parents\u2019 or guardians\u2019 income.

    ", + "

    You may also have to provide evidence about your problem, for example in a divorce case by providing a court order or GP letter showing that you or your child have been a victim of abuse.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1690" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-aid", + "scenario": "I am entitled to legal aid as I have a low income and am very young although I am finding it hard to find evidence for the situation I am in, my landlord is putting me at risk of homlessness but I am not sure what the best form of evidence is for this.", + "question": "What type of evidence do I need for legal aid?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "benefits", + [] + ], + [ + "income, savings and spending", + [] + ], + [ + "national insurance numbers", + [] + ], + [ + "copies of evidence relating to your case", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could for example get legal aid if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re at risk of homelessness or losing your home
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to give details and evidence of your income, benefits, savings and property, and those of your partner. If you\u2019re under 18, you may need to give information about your parents\u2019 or guardians\u2019 income.

    ", + "

    You may also have to provide evidence about your problem, for example in a divorce case by providing a court order or GP letter showing that you or your child have been a victim of abuse.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to give information about the following for both yourself and your partner:

    ", + "
  • benefits - including benefits statements
    • ", + "
  • income, savings and spending - including pay slips and bank statements
    • ", + "
  • National Insurance numbers
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll also need copies of evidence relating to your case, eg:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1691" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/historic-vehicles", + "scenario": "I am an elderly man and I recently purchaced a historic vehicle from WW2, it was very expensive although I have not been told to pay tax on this vehicle. This vehicle no longer functions and is only for decorative purposes.", + "question": "Do I need to pay tax on my historic vehicle?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1692" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/historic-vehicles", + "scenario": "I am a bussiness owner and I have recently purchased 100 new taxis for my taxi company. Do I need to pay tax on these and how much tax do I need to pay.", + "question": "Do I need to pay tax for my taxi company taxis", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1693" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/litigation-friend", + "scenario": "My cousin has a severe mental illness and will not be able to represent themselves in court as they lack capacity. This is a family case and focuses on my cousins divorce. I am worried about my cousin.", + "question": "Can I be appointed a litigation friend to make decisions about the court case for my cousin?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • your interests do not conflict with theirs
    • ", + "
  • you can make decisions about the case in a fair and competent way
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be appointed as litigation friend to make decisions about a court case for either:

    ", + "
  • an adult who lacks the mental capacity to manage their own court case either with or without a solicitor
    • ", + "

    The court case can be any of the following:

    ", + "
  • a family case
    • ", + "

    The court will check you\u2019re suitable by making sure:

    ", + "
  • your interests do not conflict with theirs
    • ", + "
  • you can make decisions about the case in a fair and competent way
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1694" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/litigation-friend", + "scenario": "My child is due to go to court soon as they are under 16 although I am not able to be their litigation friend as I am disabled and unwell, I am worried that no one will be there to fulfill this role in court.", + "question": "Who will be the litigation friend of my child if there's no one suitable?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "official solicitor", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be appointed as litigation friend to make decisions about a court case for either:

    ", + "
  • a child
    • ", + "

    When there\u2019s no one suitable, willing and able to be a litigation friend, the court may ask the Official Solicitor to step in.

    ", + "

    The Official Solicitor will act as a litigation friend if:

    ", + "
  • nobody else is suitable and willing to be litigation friend
    • ", + "

    The court will appoint the Official Solicitor - if he agrees - at the relevant time.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1695" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/criminal-injuries-compensation-tribunal", + "scenario": "I got injured after a colleague assulted me during work. I ended up losing my work due to the injuries. I claimed for injury compensation but I was not happy with the CICA decision.", + "question": "How many days do i have to apply for an appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "90 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Criminal Injuries Compensation) if you disagree with a decision by the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA) on your claim for compensation.

    ", + "

    You have 90 days to appeal to the tribunal from the date of CICA\u2019s review decision. Explain why you\u2019re late if you miss the deadline, for example if you\u2019re waiting for medical reports.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1696" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/criminal-injuries-compensation-tribunal", + "scenario": "My mother made an appeal to challenge the CICA decision .She sustained body injuries after an acid attack on her way home.She doesn't want to meet the offender during the court hearing.", + "question": "Who are the people who attends the hearing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "2 or 3 tribunal judges or members", + [] + ], + [ + "a clerk", + [] + ], + [ + "a representative from cica", + [] + ], + [ + "any witnesses", + [] + ], + [ + "a police officer", + [ + "

    A police officer who knows about your case may also attend if they can help the tribunal.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The hearing will be attended by:

    ", + "
  • 2 or 3 tribunal judges or members
    • ", + "
  • a clerk
    • ", + "
  • a representative from CICA
    • ", + "
  • any witnesses
    • ", + "

    A police officer who knows about your case may also attend if they can help the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Offenders do not usually attend tribunal hearings.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1697" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stopped-by-police-while-driving-your-rights", + "scenario": "I got pulled over by the police not too long ago I am an older man in my 50\u2019s and I have had my drivers licence for a long time I was really tierd on my journey and the police asked me to do a breath test which I failed although I had not drank anything.", + "question": "Can I appeal the results of a breath test as I was not drinking.", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1698" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stopped-by-police-while-driving-your-rights", + "scenario": "I am a 22 year old male and no longer have my vehicle because I got pulled over a few weeks ago by the police who suspected that I am not fully insured to drive, this is a big inconvenience as now I can\u2019t get to work.", + "question": "How can I get my car back if it has been seized?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1699" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-after-crime", + "scenario": "My brother was killed after being beaten. I have reported this crime to the police, and I have been told it is going to court.", + "question": "What can I expect at the court?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a witness care officer who will support you", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re asked to give evidence, the police will pass your details to a Witness Care Officer who will support you before and during the trial.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "read your victim personal statement to them", + [ + "

    If the defendant is found guilty, you may be able to read your victim personal statement to them.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re asked to give evidence, the police will pass your details to a Witness Care Officer who will support you before and during the trial.

    ", + "

    If the defendant is found guilty, you may be able to read your victim personal statement to them.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1700" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-after-crime", + "scenario": "I was put in hospital after suffering domestic abuse. I have become anxious due to this. The crime was reported, and it is going to court.", + "question": "Is there any further support to help my anxiety?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get information quicker", + [] + ], + [ + "protection in court", + [ + "
  • protection in court if you need to give evidence
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "specialist help and advice", + [] + ], + [ + "a family liaison officer", + [ + "
  • a Family Liaison Officer - if you\u2019re a close relative of the victim
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get extra support if you:

    ", + "
  • are the victim of a serious crime
    • ", + "
  • have been a victim of crime repeatedly - for example you\u2019re being targeted, harassed or stalked
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re the victim of a serious crime if it was:

    ", + "
  • domestic abuse
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to:

    ", + "
  • get information quicker - usually within 24 hours
    • ", + "
  • protection in court if you need to give evidence
    • ", + "
  • specialist help and advice
    • ", + "
  • a Family Liaison Officer - if you\u2019re a close relative of the victim
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1701" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/litigation-friend", + "scenario": "There is a child who is in social care. He has inherited money from a grand parent, however the parents who do not look after the child are trying to get hold of the money.", + "question": "Is the child able to get assistance to fight this in court.", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1702" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/litigation-friend", + "scenario": "A mentally handicapped lady was accidentally hit by a drunk driver. The matter was reported to the police and now the case is going to court. A friend of her is appointed as her litigation friend.", + "question": "What's the duty of her litigation friend?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "make decisions in their best interests", + [] + ], + [ + "do everything you can to tell them what\u2019s happening in the case and find out their wishes and feelings", + [] + ], + [ + "talk to their solicitor about what\u2019s happening, get advice from them and give instructions to them in the other person\u2019s best interests", + [] + ], + [ + "pay any costs ordered by the court", + [] + ], + [ + "manage the account for them", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re the deputy of an adult awarded more than \u00a350,000 into a CFO account, you\u2019ll need to manage the account for them. The Court of Protection may agree that a deputy is not needed.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be appointed as litigation friend to make decisions about a court case for either:

    ", + "
  • an adult who lacks the mental capacity to manage their own court case either with or without a solicitor
    • ", + "

    You must \u2018direct the proceedings\u2019 on behalf of the other person if you\u2019re their litigation friend. This means you\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • make decisions in their best interests
    • ", + "
  • do everything you can to tell them what\u2019s happening in the case and find out their wishes and feelings
    • ", + "
  • talk to their solicitor about what\u2019s happening, get advice from them and give instructions to them in the other person\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • pay any costs ordered by the court
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re the deputy of an adult awarded more than \u00a350,000 into a CFO account, you\u2019ll need to manage the account for them. The Court of Protection may agree that a deputy is not needed.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1703" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-asylum-tribunal", + "scenario": "I moved to the UK seven years ago. I had the right of movement due to being from France, an EU member state. I have been told that I am going to lose have my status revoked. I currently live in the UK.", + "question": "Do I need to attend a hearing for my appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • at a hearing that you and your representative can attend
    • ", + "

    The tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case and invited to attend.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if the Home Office has decided to:

    ", + "
  • refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "

    You can ask on your appeal form for a decision to be made either:

    ", + "
  • just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • at a hearing that you and your representative can attend
    • ", + "

    The tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case and invited to attend.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1704" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-asylum-tribunal", + "scenario": "I migrated to the UK from Japan to live with my husband. I have appealed against a decision to be deported and will have a hearing.", + "question": "Can I bring someone to support me at the hearing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The hearing will normally be attended by:

    ", + "
  • your representative, if you have one
    • ", + "
  • an interpreter, if you\u2019ve asked for one
    • ", + "

    It can also normally be attended by:

    ", + "
  • your sponsor, if you have one
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1705" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-magistrates-court-decision", + "scenario": "I recently pleeded guilty for a crime I did not comit, I don\u2019t know what I can do about this. I am wondering if I can appeal as it is not fair to serve a sentence that I am not responsible for.", + "question": "can I appeal against my conviction?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the magistrates\u2019 court against your:

    ", + "
  • sentence, if you pleaded guilty
    • ", + "

    If you pleaded guilty, you cannot ask the court to reconsider your conviction.

    ", + "

    If you pleaded guilty, you can only appeal against your sentence.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1706" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-magistrates-court-decision", + "scenario": "I have a court hearing as my sentence has been appealed, I have no idea what this means or what the process will be of my appeal.", + "question": "What happens after the hearing at the Crown Court?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your sentence will no longer apply", + [ + "

    If you win your appeal against your conviction, your sentence will no longer apply. You might be able to apply to get compensation.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "you might be able to apply to get compensation", + [ + "

    If you win your appeal against your conviction, your sentence will no longer apply. You might be able to apply to get compensation.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "it will be reduced", + [ + "

    If you win your appeal against your sentence, it will be reduced.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "you can get some of your legal costs paid back", + [ + "

    The court might decide you can get some of your legal costs paid back, for example your solicitor\u2019s fee.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "your original sentence or conviction might change", + [ + "

    If you lose your appeal

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you win your appeal against your conviction, your sentence will no longer apply. You might be able to apply to get compensation.

    ", + "

    If you win your appeal against your sentence, it will be reduced.

    ", + "

    The court might decide you can get some of your legal costs paid back, for example your solicitor\u2019s fee.

    ", + "

    If you lose your appeal

    ", + "

    Your original sentence or conviction might change.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1707" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-tax-rate-tables", + "scenario": "For my business I rent out cars although I am not sure about the amount of taxes I need to pay or if I need to pay taxes on these cars as it would be classed as a business expense. I registered the cars in January this year.", + "question": "How much tax do I need to pay on cars for a business?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a393.50", + [ + "January (6 month licence) | June | 6 months | \u00a393.50 | \u00a352.80" + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a3170", + [ + "January (12 month licence) | December | 12 months | \u00a3170 | \u00a396" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get trade licences for between 6 and 12 months, depending on the month you apply.

    ", + "Month you apply | When the licence expires | How long it\u2019s valid for | Rate of duty for all vehicles | Rate of duty for bicycles and tricycles", + "January (6 month licence) | June | 6 months | \u00a393.50 | \u00a352.80", + "January (12 month licence) | December | 12 months | \u00a3170 | \u00a396" + ], + "id": "train-1708" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-insurance", + "scenario": "I have recently moved country from Canada and have been using an uninsured car for the last month.", + "question": "Do I need to pay a charge for having an uninsured car? If so, how much will I possibly pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3100", + [] + ], + [ + "have your vehicle wheel-clamped, impounded or destroyed", + [] + ], + [ + "face a court prosecution, with a possible maximum fine of \u00a31,000", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must have motor insurance to drive your vehicle on UK roads.

    ", + "

    You must have motor insurance for your vehicle if you use it on roads and in public places.

    ", + "

    If not, you could:

    ", + "
  • get a fixed penalty of \u00a3100
    • ", + "
  • have your vehicle wheel-clamped, impounded or destroyed
    • ", + "
  • face a court prosecution, with a possible maximum fine of \u00a31,000
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1709" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-insurance", + "scenario": "I recently got into an accident and two people got badly hurt and broke their arms. I do not have much money so will not be able to pay for compensation. I do have insurence.", + "question": "Do I need to pay compensation for the people who got hurt?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1710" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/criminal-injuries-compensation-tribunal", + "scenario": "I was refused compensation within the last 90 days for a violent crime I suffered, which I think is unfair.", + "question": "How do I go about appealing this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "download and fill in the appeal form giving reasons why you disagree with the the criminal injuries compensation authority\u2019s (cica\u2019s) decision", + [] + ], + [ + "send the form, decision letter and documents to the address on the form", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Download and fill in the appeal form giving reasons why you disagree with the the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority\u2019s (CICA\u2019s) decision.

    ", + "

    You must also provide:

    ", + "
  • the decision letter from CICA
    • ", + "
  • documents supporting your case, for example, medical records or evidence of loss of earnings
    • ", + "

    Send the form, decision letter and documents to the address on the form.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1711" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/criminal-injuries-compensation-tribunal", + "scenario": "I received compensation for being a victim of a violent crime. I am not happy about the amount I received.", + "question": "Am I able to appeal to receive a higher compensation?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Criminal Injuries Compensation) if you disagree with a decision by the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA) on your claim for compensation.

    ", + "

    The tribunal can:

    ", + "
  • increase or reduce your award
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1712" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-taken-to-employment-tribunal-by-employee", + "scenario": "I have recently been taken to court by my employee for discrimination although this is a misunderstanding as I have not discriminated them and I do not know what I can do.", + "question": "What is going to happen at the hearing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you\u2019ll present the case to the tribunal", + [] + ], + [ + "you may be asked questions", + [ + "
  • the judge
    • ", + "
  • the claimant
    • ", + "
  • 2 other tribunal members (only in certain tribunals)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll present the case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, such as a lawyer, friend or family member. The claimant will present their case against you.

    ", + "

    You may be asked questions by:

    ", + "
  • the judge
    • ", + "
  • the claimant
    • ", + "
  • 2 other tribunal members (only in certain tribunals)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1713" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-taken-to-employment-tribunal-by-employee", + "scenario": "I have recently lost a case to my employee about pay. I am happy to pay back the money I am owed them although am not happy to pay compensation and am not sure if this will be enforced by the courts.", + "question": "Will I need to pay compensation to my employee?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • paying compensation if you cannot give the claimant their job back
    • ", + "

    You can be taken to court and forced to pay. You can also be fined and named online by the government if you do not pay.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be taken to an employment tribunal by an employee or someone else (for example a job applicant or trade union) over various issues, including:

    ", + "
  • pay
    • ", + "

    You may have to pay compensation or reinstate the claimant if you lose the case.

    ", + "

    If you lose, the tribunal can order you to do certain things depending on the type of case. Examples include:

    ", + "
  • paying compensation if you cannot give the claimant their job back
    • ", + "

    You can be taken to court and forced to pay. You can also be fined and named online by the government if you do not pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1714" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/administrative-appeals-tribunal", + "scenario": "My ex-husband is failing to pay his child support obligations as ordered by the lower court.He has neglected his role and I would like the court to enforce.", + "question": "Can i apply to the administrative appeal chamber?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you think there was a legal mistake with a decision made against you by certain lower tribunals and organisations.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1715" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/administrative-appeals-tribunal", + "scenario": "I have been hospitalised after suffering a cardiac arrest and i had a court hearing at the administrative appeal chamber on my war pension case.", + "question": "Can i ask for extension?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to get a time extension if you need more time to prepare - ask the judge.

    ", + "

    You must have a good reason, for example you\u2019re having problems finding a document or you\u2019re ill.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1716" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-employment-appeal-tribunal", + "scenario": "I have received the decision to a employment tribunal. The decision was sent to me late, despite the decision being made 47 days ago.", + "question": "Will I still be able to request an appeal knowing that the fault was not with me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must appeal within 42 days of the date that either:

    ", + "
  • the decision was sent to you
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1717" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-employment-appeal-tribunal", + "scenario": "I have lost my employment tribunal case for unfair dismissal. I am considering going for an appeal if it is worth the time.", + "question": "What are the available resources to know if an appeal is worthwhile?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "employment appeal tribunal rules 1993 (as amended)", + [] + ], + [ + "employment tribunals act 1996", + [] + ], + [ + "a practice direction that provides more detailed guidance", + [] + ], + [ + "decisions made in other eat cases", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Read the rules the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) must follow and its decisions on previous cases.

    ", + "

    EAT must follow the rules and process in the:

    ", + "
  • Employment Appeal Tribunal Rules 1993 (as amended)
    • ", + "
  • Employment Tribunals Act 1996
    • ", + "

    EAT has also issued a practice direction that provides more detailed guidance.

    ", + "

    You can search for decisions made in other EAT cases.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1718" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rights-disabled-person", + "scenario": "My Uncle is scheduled for a police interview tomorrow and he is deaf . His inability places him at a disadvantage since he can't articulate and hear well .", + "question": "Will uncle be helped at the police station?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    The police should arrange for an interpreter to be present with you. The police can interview you without an interpreter if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As a disabled person, you have rights to protect you from discrimination. These rights cover most areas including:

    ", + "
  • dealing with the police
    • ", + "

    Deaf, hearing-impaired or speech difficulties

    ", + "

    The police should arrange for an interpreter to be present with you. The police can interview you without an interpreter if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1719" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rights-disabled-person", + "scenario": "My workplace has a policy of allowing employees to park in an allocated parking area. I am physically disabled and always have difficulties .I need to park close to my office . I find this policy unfair.", + "question": "Can my employer do some adjustments to the policy?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1720" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-medical-conditions", + "scenario": "I was recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and have been given medication to manage the condition. I have a driving licence but have not driven for two years, am thinking of buying a car and doing so again though.", + "question": "Is it safe and legal for me to drive whilst on diabetes medication?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1721" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-medical-conditions", + "scenario": "I suffer from diabetic retinopathy and although I passed a medical driving test last year my eyesight has declined by a considerable amount during the last 12 months and I am unsure if I would pass now.", + "question": "Can I wait until my next renewal and then notify DVLA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell DVLA if you have a driving licence and:

    ", + "
  • a condition or disability has got worse since you got your licence
    • ", + "

    Notifiable conditions are anything that could affect your ability to drive safely. They can include:

    ", + "
  • diabetes or taking insulin
    • ", + "

    You must surrender your licence to DVLA if any of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • your medical condition affects your ability to drive safely and lasts for 3 months or more
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1722" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-tax-class", + "scenario": "I own and drive a delivery van, which I have just had converted to run on LPG rather than its original diesel fuel. This should result in a reduced annual vehicle tax rate. The current vehicle taxation is not due to run out for another 6 months.", + "question": "Which form do I need to use to notify the DVLA of this change?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the v5c vehicle registration certificate (log book) with any changes marked on it", + [] + ], + [ + "a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018dvla, swansea\u2019 for any extra vehicle tax you have to pay", + [] + ], + [ + "a current mot certificate", + [ + "
  • a current MOT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "written proof", + [] + ], + [ + "an insurance certificate or cover note", + [ + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Send the form to DVLA with:

    ", + "
  • the V5C vehicle registration certificate (log book) with any changes marked on it
    • ", + "
  • a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVLA, Swansea\u2019 for any extra vehicle tax you have to pay - damaged or altered cheques will not be accepted
    • ", + "
  • a current MOT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)
    • ", + "
  • written proof if you\u2019ve decreased engine size or changed fuel type, for example a new engine receipt or letter from the garage that made the change
    • ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the V5C, download and fill in a V62 form. Send it to DVLA with the \u00a325 fee.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1723" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-tax-class", + "scenario": "I have just acquired a used car and have specially adapted it to transport my disabled partner, for whom I am the principal carer. This will require a change to the taxation class shown on the current V5, into the lower-rated or exempt disabled class. The vehicle's taxation is about to expire, and I need to calculate the new amount I will need to pay.", + "question": "From what date does the new, lower tax rate apply?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the first day of the next month", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If the tax rate decreases

    ", + "

    You pay the decreased rate from the first day of the next month.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1724" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "scenario": "I am 72 years old, and last year I was advised by my GP to surrender my driving license due to my steadily declining eyesight (specifically, progressive night-blindness). I have since acquired a Class 3 invalid carriage (scooter) due to having problems walking.", + "question": "Does my failing eyesight effect my entitlement to drive the scooter?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "

    There is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1725" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "scenario": "I live in England and have lost the use of my legs due to a serious accident at work. I have a powered wheelchair and would like to use this to visit my physiotherapist at the local medical centre, which has limited car parking spaces.", + "question": "Am I allowed to park my wheelchair on the pavement, or does it need to go on the road?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All normal parking restrictions apply to mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs.

    ", + "

    Your vehicle should not be left on a footpath or pedestrian area on its own if it gets in the way of other pedestrians, including wheelchair users and people with prams or pushchairs.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1726" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-medical-conditions", + "scenario": "I am 48, live in England and hold a full driving license. I have recently been diagnosed with mild angina by my GP, but this is asymptomatic unless I am exercising vigorously.", + "question": "Do I need to tell the DVLA about my angina?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell DVLA if you have a driving licence and:

    ", + "
  • you develop a \u2018notifiable\u2019 medical condition or disability
    • ", + "

    Notifiable conditions are anything that could affect your ability to drive safely. They can include:

    ", + "
  • heart conditions (including atrial fibrillation and pacemakers)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1727" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-medical-conditions", + "scenario": "I am 61, hold a full driving license, live in Wales and yesterday notified the DVLA that I have been fitted with a pacemaker. I would like to keep driving my car while awaiting their verdict.", + "question": "How long should it take the DVLA to assess my situation?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 6 weeks", + [] + ], + [ + "take longer", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks. You\u2019ll get a letter from DVLA if it\u2019s going to take longer.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks. You\u2019ll get a letter from DVLA if it\u2019s going to take longer.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1728" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-lessons-learning-to-drive", + "scenario": "I just turned 17, live in Northern Ireland and have obtained my Provisional Driving Licence. I am scheduled to start a course of driving lessons with an ADI qualified instructor next week.", + "question": "Are there any speed restrictions which apply to the car when I am driving it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "45 miles per hour", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    In Northern Ireland the speed limit is 45 miles per hour when you\u2019re learning to drive a car.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1729" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-lessons-learning-to-drive", + "scenario": "I am 43, live in England and have a 17 year old daughter who wishes to learn to drive. I have been driving for nearly 25 years myself, and have a car which should be easily manageable by a learner.", + "question": "Is it permissible for her to practice in our family car, as long as I am present to supervise her and have arranged suitable insurance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    It\u2019s illegal for your friend or family member to use a mobile phone while supervising you.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    In England, you can practice driving with family or friends, but this is restricted to groups of no more than 6 people, or 2 households. Follow the rules for car sharing in the coronavirus (COVID-19) travel guidance.

    ", + "

    Anyone you practise your driving with (without paying them) must:

    ", + "
  • be over 21
    • ", + "
  • be qualified to drive the type of vehicle you want to learn in, for example they must have a manual car licence if they\u2019re supervising you in a manual car
    • ", + "
  • have had their full driving licence for 3 years (from the UK, the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein)
    • ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal for your friend or family member to use a mobile phone while supervising you.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re practising in someone else\u2019s car, you need to make sure their insurance policy covers you as a learner driver.

    ", + "

    Some insurance companies require the person supervising you to be over 25 years old.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1730" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-insurance", + "scenario": "I live in Southern England, and own, drive and insure a motor car. The nature of my job requires me to make periodic business trips to the mainland of Europe.", + "question": "If I take my car to France, will my UK insurance provide the basic third-part cover required by French Law?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All UK vehicle insurance provides the minimum third party cover to drive in:

    ", + "
  • the EU (including Ireland)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1731" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-insurance", + "scenario": "I live in Scotland and am a licensed motor trader by profession. In addition to my own vehicle I typically have 3-5 other vehicles which are awaiting buyers in my possession at any given time, and I register these as \"in trade\" with the DVLA.", + "question": "Am I required by law to insure these vehicles that I own only for trading purposes?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If a vehicle is between registered keepers or registered as \u2018in trade\u2019 with the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), it is excluded from continuous insurance enforcement.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1732" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rights-disabled-person", + "scenario": "I am 22, and have somewhat restricted mobility due to a degenerative condition which affects my leg muscles. I have recently completed physical rehab and have now begun looking for work.", + "question": "What questions a prospective employer is allowed to ask me about my disability?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "if you can carry out a task that is an essential part of the work", + [] + ], + [ + "if you can take part in an interview", + [] + ], + [ + "if the interviewers need to make reasonable adjustments for you in a selection process", + [] + ], + [ + "if they want to increase the number of disabled people they employ", + [] + ], + [ + "if they need to know for the purposes of national security checks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can only be asked about your health or disability:

    ", + "
  • to help decide if you can carry out a task that is an essential part of the work
    • ", + "
  • to help find out if you can take part in an interview
    • ", + "
  • to help decide if the interviewers need to make reasonable adjustments for you in a selection process
    • ", + "
  • to help monitoring
    • ", + "
  • if they want to increase the number of disabled people they employ
    • ", + "
  • if they need to know for the purposes of national security checks
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1733" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rights-disabled-person", + "scenario": "I am 11 and have just moved to a new area with my parents, who are looking for a new secondary school for me to join in Year 7. I have mild dyslexia, but have not been classified as SEND up to this point.", + "question": "Does the provision of specialist teachers fall under the school's \"reasonable adjustments\" duty?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    An education provider has a duty to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to make sure disabled students are not discriminated against. These changes could include providing extra support and aids (like specialist teachers or equipment).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1734" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus", + "scenario": "I am 21 and live in London. I passed my driving test and received my license 3 months ago. I own a car, and am now shopping around for car insurance.", + "question": "Can taking the Pass Plus course get me a discount on my car insurance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    The amount of discount depends on the insurance company. Not all insurers offer Pass Plus discounts.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Once you\u2019ve completed Pass Plus you may be able to get a car insurance discount. You\u2019ll need your Pass Plus certificate.

    ", + "

    Check with insurers that you can still get a discount if you passed your practical driving test more than a year ago.

    ", + "

    The amount of discount depends on the insurance company. Not all insurers offer Pass Plus discounts.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1735" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus", + "scenario": "I am 22, and have held a full driving license for 4 years now. However, my actual driving experience is still quite limited, as I have been studying on a University campus in a large city for most of this period. I am interested in taking Pass Plus to gain more experience of motorway and rural road driving.", + "question": "What qualifications does an instructor need to teach me the Pass Plus course?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "approved driving instructor (adi)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll need a Pass Plus registered approved driving instructor (ADI) to teach you.

    ", + "

    You need to book Pass Plus with an approved driving instructor (ADI) who is registered with Pass Plus.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1736" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-an-mot", + "scenario": "I live in England, and own and operate an outdoor pursuits centre. Part of our work involves taking parties of schoolchildren on excursions, and to that end we acquired a new 12-seater minibus three years ago. This is now due for its first MOT.", + "question": "What is the maximum fee that our local test centre can charge us for carrying out our vehicle's MOT?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a357.30", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There\u2019s a maximum amount MOT test stations can charge. This depends on the type of vehicle.

    ", + "

    The maximum fee for a car is \u00a354.85 and \u00a329.65 for a standard motorcycle.

    ", + "

    You do not pay VAT on the fee.

    ", + "Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (9 to 12 passenger seats) | 4 | 1 | \u00a357.30" + ], + "id": "train-1737" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-an-mot", + "scenario": "I own a 2017-registered VW Passat, whose MOT certificate and road tax both expire at the end of next week. I took it to be tested this morning, and it unfortunately failed due to a single \"major\" fault. To make matters worse, the garage at which it was tested isn't able to carry out the necessary repair work before the date of MOT expiry.", + "question": "Can I legally drive the car to another garage for immediate repair?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If you can take your vehicle away, it must still meet the minimum standards of roadworthiness at all times.

    ", + "

    In both cases, your vehicle still needs to meet the minimum standards of roadworthiness at all times or you can be fined.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your vehicle will fail if the test result lists \u2018dangerous\u2019 or \u2018major\u2019 problems with your vehicle. You might not be allowed to drive until you fix the problems.

    ", + "

    You can take your vehicle away if:

    ", + "
  • your current MOT certificate is still valid
    • ", + "

    If you can take your vehicle away, it must still meet the minimum standards of roadworthiness at all times.

    ", + "

    You can take your vehicle away if your MOT certificate is still valid.

    ", + "

    In both cases, your vehicle still needs to meet the minimum standards of roadworthiness at all times or you can be fined.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1738" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/historic-vehicles", + "scenario": "I am the proud owner of a 1981 DMC DeLorean sports car which, thanks to its stainless steel body, has not needed substantial modification at any point in its lifetime. This will soon pass it's 40th birthday.", + "question": "Do I need to make an application to get MOT exempt status for my car?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The date your vehicle was built or first registered affects whether you need to:

    ", + "
  • get an MOT
    • ", + "

    You do not need to get an MOT if:

    ", + "
  • the vehicle was built or first registered more than 40 years ago
    • ", + "
  • no \u2018substantial changes\u2019 have been made to the vehicle in the last 30 years, for example replacing the chassis, body, axles or engine to change the way the vehicle works
    • ", + "

    You do not have to apply to stop getting an MOT for your vehicle each year. However, you must still keep it in a roadworthy condition.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1739" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/historic-vehicles", + "scenario": "I live in Northern Ireland, and am the owner of one of the few surviving Triumph T140 TSX motorbikes, manufacturered and first registered in 1982.", + "question": "Do I need to produce an Insurance Certificate when the time comes to apply for a vehicle tax exemption for my motorbike?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to take:

    ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1740" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transport-disabled", + "scenario": "I am 78, partially disabled and have a part-time carer employed to help me with daily tasks. I would like to visit my eldest daughter in Belgium, which will require me to take a car ferry to Antwerp.", + "question": "How much notice do I need to give the ferry company that I may need assistance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 48 hours before departure", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you need to make specific arrangements for your journey (for example if you have certain accommodation or seating requirements), you should tell the cruise line, ferry service, travel agent or tour operator at least 48 hours before departure.

    ", + "

    Tell the cruise line or ferry service at least 48 hours before departure if you need help getting on and off the ship.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1741" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transport-disabled", + "scenario": "I am 42 and partially sighted, which requires me to be accompanied by my guide dog Bella when out in public. I wish to visit London, and will be arriving by train.", + "question": "If I hail a taxi at the station, is the driver obliged to allow my guide dog to accompany me in the car?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If you travel with an assistance dog they must be allowed into the taxi or minicab with you, unless the driver has an exemption certificate. This can be issued if they\u2019ve got a medical condition made worse by contact with dogs.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you travel with an assistance dog they must be allowed into the taxi or minicab with you, unless the driver has an exemption certificate. This can be issued if they\u2019ve got a medical condition made worse by contact with dogs.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1742" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence", + "scenario": "I am 34, married, have two children with my husband and currently live in a house which he owns. Six months ago he became violently abusive to both my elder child and myself, and has since fled. He is now threatening to return.", + "question": "Can I get an Occupation Order which will prevent my husband from entering the family home?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for an \u2018injunction\u2019 if you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic abuse. An injunction is a court order that either:

    ", + "
  • decides who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area - this is called an \u2018occupation order\u2019
    • ", + "

    You can apply for an occupation order if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and meet the requirements. The order will say who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area.

    ", + "

    You can apply if:

    ", + "
  • you do not own or rent the home but you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership with the owner and you\u2019re living in the home (known as \u2018matrimonial home rights\u2019)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1743" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence", + "scenario": "I am 15, live in Wales and for two years was sexually abused by my uncle, a former police officer. He has been arrested and is currently on bail awaiting a charging decision from the CPS. I am afraid that he will try and contact me.", + "question": "Can I apply for a non-molestation order against my uncle, despite my not being a legal adult yet?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re under 16 you need permission from the High Court to apply.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for an \u2018injunction\u2019 if you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic abuse. An injunction is a court order that either:

    ", + "
  • protects you or your child from being harmed or threatened by the person who\u2019s abused you - this is called a \u2018non-molestation order\u2019
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 16 you\u2019ll need permission to apply from the High Court.

    ", + "

    You can usually apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the person you want to be protected from (\u2018the respondent\u2019) is:

    ", + "
  • a family member
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re under 16 you need permission from the High Court to apply.

    ", + "

    You can apply if the respondent is a close family member, for example a parent, brother, sister, aunt or uncle.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1744" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/theory-test", + "scenario": "I am 18 years old and currently learning to drive. I have applied for and received my Provisional License and I am preparing to take my car drivers' theory test.", + "question": "What is the current pass mark for the theory test for cars?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "43", + [ + "Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50" + ] + ], + [ + "44", + [ + "Hazard perception | 44 | 75" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll get the result at the test centre after taking the theory test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.

    ", + " | Pass mark | Points available", + "Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50", + "Hazard perception | 44 | 75" + ], + "id": "train-1745" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/theory-test", + "scenario": "I am learning to drive, have my provisional license and have booked my theory test for car drivers at a driving test centre here in Scotland. I have quite serious seasonal allergies, which can be exacerbated by face coverings.", + "question": "Will I have to wear a face covering while taking my theory test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:

    ", + "
  • you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability
    • ", + "
  • wearing it would cause you severe distress
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1746" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stopped-by-police-while-driving-your-rights", + "scenario": "I live in Southern England and own and a drive a motor car. I am also an amateur musician who tours local public houses and music clubs, which requires a lot of driving at night in areas which have a high incidence of drink-driving.", + "question": "Can the police make me do an American-style \"sobriety test\" (in addition to a breath test) if they randomly stop me and suspect that I have been drinking?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If you fail a breath test you cannot drive your car until you\u2019re sober. You can ask someone else to collect your car for you.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you fail a breath test you cannot drive your car until you\u2019re sober. You can ask someone else to collect your car for you.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1747" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stopped-by-police-while-driving-your-rights", + "scenario": "I own, insure and drive a motor car, and recently I was stopped by police officers at a roadblock. I was able to produce my driving license on request but not the vehicle's MOT or motor insurance certificates, and was told to take those to a police station asap.", + "question": "How long do I have to take these documents to a police station?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "7 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you do not have these documents with you, you have 7 days to take them to a police station. You\u2019re breaking the law if you do not show the requested documents within 7 days.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1748" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-test", + "scenario": "I have been practicing for my motorcycle driving test for the past month and a half. I finally feel ready and have booked my test for next week. I plan on using an Automatic motorcycle, that I have been training on.", + "question": "Will I be able to drive a motorcycle with a manual transmission if I pass my test under these circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you pass your tests on a motorcycle with automatic or semi-automatic transmission, you\u2019ll only get a licence for those types of motorcycle.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1749" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-test", + "scenario": "I was scheduled to have my motorcycle driving test yesterday but a few hours before the appointed time I received a call that due to the worsening weather it will have to be rescheduled. They provided me with a new date that will not work with my schedule.", + "question": "Can I change the date of my test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1750" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-an-approved-tachograph-centre", + "scenario": "I was finally eligible to receive a Tachograph workshop smart card last year. Since the end of March is approaching I can see that it is about to expire soon.", + "question": "Do I need to take any steps to renew my Tachograph workshop smart card?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    DVLA sends a renewal list to DVSA 2 months before a card\u2019s expiry. This is then checked and returned to DVLA with details of technicians whose cards can be renewed.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1751" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-an-approved-tachograph-centre", + "scenario": "Me and some work friends received our Tachograph workshop smart cards around a month ago. We haven't had many opportunities to use them since we mostly use company cards to calibrate instead, but we are excited to have them non the less. One of my friends mentioned that the cards can hold over 100 calibration details, which I am pretty sure is not true.", + "question": "How many calibration details can the Tachograph workshop smart card hold?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "88", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Workshop cards can hold:

    ", + "
  • details of 88 calibrations
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1752" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employing-an-apprentice", + "scenario": "I began my career as a woodworking apprentice around 25 years ago. While I do realize that this field is slowly dying out I am still interested in passing it down to interested young minds. As such I am looking into starting an apprenticeship program at my woodcutting shop. Figuring out all of the paperwork and details around the process has left me with some questions.", + "question": "What is the minimum amount of time an apprenticeship can last?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Apprenticeships must last for at least a year. They can last up to 5 years depending on the level the apprentice is studying.

    ", + "

    Apprentices must work towards an approved apprenticeship. Their training must last at least 12 months.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1753" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employing-an-apprentice", + "scenario": "I recently got hired as an apprentice as a mechanic shop. I thought I had landed myself a sweet gig, earning some money whilst doing something I have a lot of passion for. It was either this or a waiter position at a local restaurant. I chose to earn a bit less money but enjoy my time more. The monetary compensation is still quite important to me however, since I want to buy myself a car before I start college, after my gap year. I fell sick last week and my employer says that I will not receive sick pay despite the fact that I have shown all necessary proof.", + "question": "Do I have the right to sick pay as an apprentice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must offer apprentices the same conditions as other employees working at similar grades or in similar roles. This includes:

    ", + "
  • sick pay
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1754" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dvsa-enhanced-rider-scheme-trainer", + "scenario": "I have always been passionate about motorcycles and have personally been driving mine for over 8 years now. A friend of mine recently pointed out the DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer program which got me intrigued immediately. I have already began the application process and am doing as much research as possible on everything I might need.", + "question": "Is the theory test portion just a multiple-choice quiz?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are 2 parts to the test - multiple-choice questions and hazard perception. You have to pass both parts.

    ", + "

    Multiple-choice questions

    ", + "

    Hazard perception

    " + ], + "id": "train-1755" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dvsa-enhanced-rider-scheme-trainer", + "scenario": "This is my first year working as an enhanced rider trainer. I recently remembered that I will be subjected to a standards check in the next few months. The problem is my personal life has been a mess which has impacted both the amount of work I am capable of doing as well as its quality.", + "question": "Is there a chance that I can continue as a trainer if I fail the standards check twice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must take a standards check to make sure you can continue to be a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer. DVSA will contact you to arrange this.

    ", + "

    You must take a standards check within the first year of qualifying as a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer. DVSA will contact you to arrange this.

    ", + "

    If you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as a trainer.

    ", + "

    If this happens and you want to continue as a trainer, you\u2019ll need to:

    ", + "
  • have an up to date recognised advanced rider qualification
    • ", + "
  • pass another theory test
    • ", + "
  • take additional training at an approved enhanced rider scheme trainer centre and provide proof of the development you\u2019ve taken
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1756" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/1619-bursary-fund", + "scenario": "I recently turned 19 and will be continuing on the last year of my software engineering course. I started the course 2 years ago after a friend's work in the field inspired me to follow in his footsteps.", + "question": "Am I eligible for the 16 to 19 Bursary under these conditions?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get a bursary to help with education-related costs if you\u2019re aged 16 to 19 and:

    ", + "
  • on a training course, including unpaid work experience
    • ", + "

    You could also get a bursary if you either:

    ", + "
  • are continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201919+ continuer\u2019)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1757" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/1619-bursary-fund", + "scenario": "I have been looking into the 16 to 19 Bursary fund since my financial situation at 17 has been getting progressively worse over the last few months. I realized that I am ineligible to receive money under the bursary for students in vulnerable groups. In my current situation I would only need certain aspects of my day-to-day life covered such as transport and some of my food.", + "question": "Who decides how my discretionary bursary will be payed out to me if I was to be accepted to receive one?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your education or training provider", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could get a discretionary bursary if you need financial help but do not qualify for a bursary for students in vulnerable groups. Your education or training provider decides how much you get and what it\u2019s used for.

    ", + "

    Your provider will decide how you get your bursary. You might get:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1758" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-disqualifications", + "scenario": "I recently moved to the UK from Germany with my wife. We have not bought a car yet but are thinking of doing so. We decided to look into how our existing driving licenses might speed up the process of getting permission to drive in the UK.", + "question": "Can we use our existing licenses to take the driving test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019ve got a licence from an EU country

    ", + "

    Do not apply for a provisional licence - you can use your EU driving licence to take the test instead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1759" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-disqualifications", + "scenario": "Around 6 months ago I was in a very dark place emotionally. I let life get to me and was drinking excessively believing that self destruction is the only way for me. This thinking led me to drink and drive and in term get my license suspended for 18 months. A lot has changed since then, I have met some amazing people and am slowly piecing my life back together.", + "question": "Is there a way for me to reduce the time of my driving disqualification?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re disqualified from driving for 12 months or more, you might be able to reduce your ban by taking a drink-drive rehabilitation course.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1760" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/psv-operator-licences", + "scenario": "I have been operating a private service vehicle business in Liverpool for around 5 years now. I am interested in expanding our operations to London. I have all necessary documentation and have people lined up for the necessary jobs - as drivers and vehicle maintenance men.", + "question": "Do I need additional documentation to operate in London or is the process the same as in Liverpool?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need a public service vehicle (PSV) operator\u2019s licence to:

    ", + "
  • operate a smaller vehicle carrying passengers and charging separate fares for the journey
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll need a London Service Permit to run a private bus or coach service in London.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1761" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/psv-operator-licences", + "scenario": "I applied for a PSV operator license 2 months ago. Yesterday I received a letter informing me that I have been refused the license. I am certain my documentation was correct and the decision they made is wrong.", + "question": "Which government entity do I need to contact to appeal the decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "upper tribunal, administrative appeals chamber", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal if your application for a PSV operator licence is refused.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to send a written notice of appeal to the Upper Tribunal, Administrative Appeals Chamber. There is no fee.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1762" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-test", + "scenario": "I am scheduled to take my car driving test early next week. The last time I drove with my instructor was a little over a week ago and I am getting anxious about driving for a long time under the pressure of the test.", + "question": "How long will I have to drive on my test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "40 minutes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll drive for around 40 minutes.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll drive for around 70 minutes if you\u2019re taking an extended driving test because you\u2019ve been banned from driving.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1763" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-test", + "scenario": "I was scheduled to take my car driving test yesterday but a few hours before I ran a high fever which rendered me incapable of ever leaving my house. I called to cancel my test and will ask for a new date when I feel better.", + "question": "Will I have to pay to book the test again?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:

    ", + "
  • you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1764" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-3-test", + "scenario": "Me and my son are driving to my approved driving instructor test. He opened the website to check whether I had remembered the time of my appointment correctly and noticed that our car might not be suitable for the test.", + "question": "Will I get my money back if my test is cancelled based on me not bringing a suitable vehicle?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:

    ", + "
  • your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1765" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-3-test", + "scenario": "I had my approved drivers instructor part 3 test yesterday. The person conducting the test was an old colleague of mine from a job we both got into right after college. We never really liked each other nor did we get along too well. I guess he saw himself in a position of power and decided to make my test a living hell before breaking the law and failing me on purpose. I recorded everything on my phone and have evidence against him.", + "question": "Where should I appeal my ADI part 3 test under these circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "driver and vehicle and standards agency", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)

    " + ], + "id": "train-1766" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-theory-test", + "scenario": "Since I was a kid I have always dreamed of driving a motorcycle. I will be turning 16 soon and my friends at school are telling me I will be able to finally start learning how to drive a motorcycle. After that its only time before I pass my theory and driving tests and begin driving my own motorcycle!", + "question": "Can I take the theory test for riding a motorcycle at 16 years old?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can take the theory test from your:

    ", + "
  • 17th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a motorcycle
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1767" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-theory-test", + "scenario": "I recently took a motorcycle theory test. I was so nervous and excited that I don't remember whether I passed my multiple-choice quiz or not. I remember my score was 45 but I must have zoned out when they were telling me the passing mark.", + "question": "Have I passed my multiple choice quiz?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50" + ], + "id": "train-1768" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/run-local-bus-service", + "scenario": "I have been running a local bus service as a sole driver for the past year. The experience was great and I love my job. However my health has started to rapidly deteriorate over the past few weeks and I wont be able to keep providing the service.", + "question": "Will I be charged a fee to cancel the local bus service I am providing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There\u2019s no fee for a cancellation.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1769" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/run-local-bus-service", + "scenario": "I am interested in starting a local bus service. I have selected routs which appear to have many potential passengers but no direct lines of transportation. Me and my partners all hold PSV licenses and have formed a company which will execute this service. We have already informed the local authority in England.", + "question": "Can we begin operation 30 days from now if we have not informed the traffic commissioner yet?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re starting a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.

    ", + "

    Apply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service starts - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.

    ", + "

    This notice period begins on the day when the traffic commissioner accepts your application.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1770" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drivers-hours", + "scenario": "The truck I bought for my company has a maximum permissible weight of 3 tons. However, in combination with its second trailer that goes up to 5 tons. I usually never use the second trailer but I might have to for a large delivery next week.", + "question": "Does this truck combination follow the GB domestic rules?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    GB domestic rules apply if both the following are true:

    ", + "
  • the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is under 3.5 tonnes
    • ", + "
  • your vehicle is exempt from EU rules when driven in the UK
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1771" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drivers-hours", + "scenario": "I took a new route driving a passenger bus across the EU, from France to Germany. The towns I will be connecting are 10 hours apart and I am expected to drive the distance without rest twice a week. Once on Monday and once on Thursday.", + "question": "Does this follow the EU regulations for drivers' hours?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The main EU rules on driving hours are that you must not drive more than:

    ", + "
  • 9 hours in a day - this can be extended to 10 hours twice a week
    • ", + "

    The main points of EU rules on breaks and rest are that you must take:

    ", + "
  • a break or breaks totalling at least 45 minutes after no more than 4 hours 30 minutes driving
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1772" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-direct-access-scheme-motorcycle-instructor", + "scenario": "I am interested in becoming a DAS motorcycle instructor. I have been looking into the requirements and I believe I meet almost all of them. I have booked my assessment and will be attending next Monday at 8:30. However I will have to pick up my kids from school at around 2pm.", + "question": "Will the assessment last the whole day?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The direct access scheme (DAS) instructor assessment lasts for half a day. You can book a:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1773" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-direct-access-scheme-motorcycle-instructor", + "scenario": "I will be attending my DAS motorcycle instructor assessment tomorrow. I am aware that its split up into 3 Sessions with the third one being the on-road assessment one, which is the one I am the most excited and most anxious about. I have always struggled with roundabouts, especially with the new ones they set up in my area.", + "question": "Could the assessor request a lesson on roundabouts?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The assessor will select the lessons from:

    ", + "
  • negotiating roundabouts
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1774" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan", + "scenario": "I successfully applied for an advanced learner loan for a high level software course I was interested in taking. I believe this course is going to jump start my career as a software engineer but in all of the chaos with the applications I missed a few details regarding the loan.", + "question": "Do I have to start repaying the loan as soon as I am done with the course?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1775" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan", + "scenario": "I am currently studying mechanical engineering in South-West England. I am an European student who was eligible to receive a student finance loan for my bachelor's degree.", + "question": "Am I eligible to get money from the Bursary fund under these circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot apply if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • getting student finance for higher education
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1776" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad", + "scenario": "Me and my wife are planning a trip to Germany next month. We both have photocard driving licenses issued in the UK. We will be staying for a little over 5 weeks and will most definitely be renting a car to get around easier. We haven't been on a trip outside of the UK together yet so we are excited to explore other cultures.", + "question": "Do I need additional documentation to drive in Germany?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. The permit you may need depends on:

    ", + "
  • which country you\u2019re visiting
    • ", + "
  • how long you\u2019re staying
    • ", + "

    You do not need an IDP to drive in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein if you have a photocard driving licence issued in the UK.

    ", + "Germany | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the German Embassy." + ], + "id": "train-1777" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad", + "scenario": "Me, my wife and my son are planning a road trip across he EU this summer. Since a lot of driving will be involved and my son just got his license at 17 we are probably gonna let him drive on some less populated roads. I am aware that some countries require an international driving permit and me and my wife will be getting ours soon.", + "question": "Is my son eligible to purchase an international driving permit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    They cost \u00a35.50 and you must:

    ", + "
  • be 18 or over
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1778" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle", + "scenario": "I am interested in acquiring a category G driving license. I got my category B license over 5 years ago now but since my dad's health is worsening I might need to help him more with the his construction business which will be easier if I got a category G license.", + "question": "Do I have to bring my current driver's license to the category G driving test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must bring either:

    ", + "
  • a valid, signed photocard driving licence from the UK or an EU country
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1779" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle", + "scenario": "I am 19 years old and am in the process of getting my category G driving license. I plan on following in my father's footsteps in the construction business and am looking forward to working side by side with him. He says he will be able to provide me with a test vehicle for my driving test. His employer is apparently giving him a 10 ton, steam powered road roller for a week so I can practice on it and take the test with it.", + "question": "Can I use this vehicle to take my category G driving test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    All test vehicles have to meet certain rules, depending on their category.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019re between 17 and 20, these must be small road rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot:

    ", + "
  • be steam powered
    • ", + "
  • weigh more than 11,690kg
    • ", + "
  • be made for carrying loads
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1780" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/doctoral-loan", + "scenario": "I got accepted into my chosen University studying to become a Pediatrician. I applied for a Doctoral Loan 4 months ago and recently got the notice that I have been accepted for that as well. In the whole process of the loan application I realized I missed some details.", + "question": "Do I have to start repaying my loan as soon as I graduate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1781" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/doctoral-loan", + "scenario": "I received a letter around a week ago informing me that I have been approved for my Doctoral loan. I was relieved to know that I will be more financially secure since I will be moving quite far from home to complete my postgraduate course. There are still details I am a bit uncertain about.", + "question": "Will the loan be payed directly to me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The loan is paid directly to you. You can use it for your course fees and living costs.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1782" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/boatmasters-licence", + "scenario": "I have a certificate from the SCTW stating that I am fully qualified to operate a water vessel. I have spoken to a few of my boatmaster friends and the opinion is that this document should be enough for me to become a boastmaster. Without the need for a separate boatmastes' license.", + "question": "Can I use my STCW certificate of competancy as an alternative to the boatmastes' license?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Some certificates can be used instead of a boatmasters\u2019 licence, including STCW certificates of competency and certificates awarded by the Royal Yachting Association.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1783" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/boatmasters-licence", + "scenario": "I will need to revalidate my boatmasters' license since I moved from the west to the east coast. I have gathered all of the necessary documentation and will be applying for the process next week.", + "question": "Do I have to worry about local regulations being different than what I am used to?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You should also:

    ", + "
  • check for local regulations, such as byelaws that you may need to know
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1784" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor", + "scenario": "I have taken the DVSA's assessed CBT motorcycle instructor assessment twice this year already. And both times my assessment I was told I had failed. I am almost certain the assessor has something personal against me and is failing me on purpose. I wont give up though and will definitely pass next time that I have the chance.", + "question": "How long do I have to wait before being able to take the assessment again?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "1 year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot apply to retake the assessment if you fail it twice within a 12-month period. You\u2019ll have to wait until 1 year after the date of the second assessment before applying again.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1785" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor", + "scenario": "I have my assessed CBT test tomorrow but I am a bit worried about it now after my daughter raised concerns over my eyesight. I was aware that there will be an eye exam, and was fairly confident in my vision. Until last night when my daughter jokingly decided to make me look at an eye chart and I got almost everything wrong.", + "question": "Will I be able to continue with the assessment if I fail the eye exam?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have to pass an eyesight test before the assessment starts. You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:

    ", + "

    The rest of the assessment will not go ahead if you fail the eyesight test.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1786" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-against-a-penalty-charge-notice", + "scenario": "I have sent in an appeal for a decision made my the Traffic Penalty Tribunal regarding my parking violation. The officer that issues the ticked didn't take into the consideration my disability parking note and simply assumed I parked illegally.", + "question": "If my appeal is successful do I have to pay anything?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your appeal is successful the PCN will be cancelled and you won\u2019t have to pay anything.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1787" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-against-a-penalty-charge-notice", + "scenario": "My house sitter notified me today that my appeal regarding a penalty charge notice for running a red light has been unsuccessful. I am on vacation out of the country for the entire month and wont be able to pay it until after I get back.", + "question": "Will I have to pay more when I come back from vacation?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have 28 days to pay the penalty charge notice (PCN) if your appeal is refused.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get a \u2018charge certificate\u2019 and you\u2019ll have to pay 50% more within 14 days.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1788" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-an-mot-station", + "scenario": "I recently got my AE status but have not been able to use it much on a professional front. A friend of mine proposed to me the idea of opening a MOT testing station, which I instantly jumped on. I saw that the application form for people without the AE status is VT01.", + "question": "What form do I need to fill out since I have my AE status already?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "vt01", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Send form VT01 to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    Use the same form if you already have AE status and want to open a test station.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1789" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-an-mot-station", + "scenario": "I was finally able to acquire all of the equipment I will need to operate my MOT test station. The last tool I needed arrived today and it appears to be an older model than what I ordered. The company said they will send me the correct one and that I can keep the current one. I had ordered a category A decelerometer but received a class B instead.", + "question": "Can I still conduct tests on all classes of vehicles with the older model?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    These need to met the minimum IT specification.

    ", + "

    Different classes of vehicle need different specialist test equipment.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to use approved equipment for:

    ", + "
  • decelerometers
    • ", + "

    There are 3 categories of decelerometers:

    ", + "
  • category A are approved for all classes of vehicle
    • ", + "
  • category B are approved for class 3, 4, 5 and 7 vehicles
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1790" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support", + "scenario": "I applied for learner support with University College London and got approved around a week ago. With how unstable my financial situation is I am really hoping there is a way for me to receive money which I will not have to pay back.", + "question": "Could I be payed money directly which I will not be expected to pay back?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The money could be:

    ", + "
  • a direct payment to you - which you don\u2019t have to pay back
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1791" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support", + "scenario": "My financial situation at home as been getting worse over the course of the summer break and after my parents' divorce. Thankfully I got approved for a student loan with Student Finance England which gave me hope that I might be able to complete my higher education. I recently found out about Learner Support and since I really need all the help I could get I would love to apply.", + "question": "Am I eligible to receive Learner Support?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • getting student finance for higher education
    • ", + "
  • on a Community Learning course
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1792" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-run-motorcycle-approved-training-body-atb", + "scenario": "I am interested in setting up an approved training body, to teach people how to operate motorcycle vehicles. I am concerned that my theft conviction from 6 years ago might interrupt the process.", + "question": "Is the DVSA going to be alarmed by my conviction?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must be a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person to run the ATB.

    ", + "

    When deciding if you\u2019re a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person, DVSA will look at if you have:

    ", + "
  • had any convictions in the last 4 years
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1793" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-run-motorcycle-approved-training-body-atb", + "scenario": "I am interested in becoming an approved training body for motorcycles. I finally got motivated to follow my dream after the company I was working for went bankrupt. The only problem is I only have enough savings to last me 3 months.", + "question": "How long will it take for my application to be processed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 8 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It takes up to 8 weeks to process an application. This includes the time to inspect the site to be used for the off-road elements of compulsory basic training.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1794" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adult-dependants-grant", + "scenario": "I am a Master's student at University College London, studying Software Engineering. Since I am not able to afford to pay for my education I took out a Postgraduate loan. On the other hand my father's health is deteriorating fast and I am the only one available to take care of him however I can. He can not work and is reliant on me for most things, including financials.", + "question": "Am I eligible to apply for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant under these circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.

    ", + "

    You cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1795" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adult-dependants-grant", + "scenario": "I am taking care of my aging mother. She has little to no income of her own and relies on me for help. I was scraping buy during the summer but have since applied for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant. I am worried the first semester is going to make it impossible for me to afford everything I need if I do not receive the grand money.", + "question": "When will I receive the first instalment from the grand payment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at the start of each term", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The money is paid in 3 instalments (one at the start of each term) directly into your bank account.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1796" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/electricalwaste-producer-supplier-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I am a business trader and sells white goods among other electrical appliances. My business has a annual turnover of \u00a380000. I sell all my products online.I want an effective waste disposal scheme. I don't have a physical stores.", + "question": "Can i join the distributors takeback scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) instead of providing a takeback service, if either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your business sells less than \u00a3100,000 of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) per year
    • ", + "
  • you only sell online
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1797" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/electricalwaste-producer-supplier-responsibilities", + "scenario": "My friend John sells electronics / electrical equipment in his retail shop. He has not provided his customers with a free waste take back service.He does not have a physical take back store or joined any electrical waste scheme.", + "question": "Can he be penalised ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must provide a way for your customers to dispose of their old household electrical and electronic equipment when you sell them a new version of the same item.

    ", + "

    The waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations apply regardless of how you sell the products, whether direct or by internet, mail order or telephone.

    ", + "

    You must either:

    ", + "
  • provide a free, in store, take back service to your customers
    • ", + "
  • set up an alternative, free take back service
    • ", + "

    If you do not have your own take back service, you must join the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS).

    ", + "

    You can be prosecuted if you do not comply with the regulations.

    ", + "

    If you fail to comply with the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, you can be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a35,000 at a magistrates\u2019 court, or get an unlimited fine from a Crown Court.

    ", + "

    You may sometimes get warning letters and formal cautions before a prosecution.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1798" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "scenario": "I am a property owner and would like to sell my house to a potential buyer. He has shown interest in buying the house but has asked me if I possess an energy performance certificate.", + "question": "Where can i get it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "find an accredited assessor", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There are several steps you\u2019ll need to follow:

    ", + "
  • sellers must provide an Energy Performance Certificate for the property
    • ", + "

    Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs) are needed whenever a property is:

    ", + "
  • sold
    • ", + "

    You must order an EPC for potential buyers and tenants before you market your property to sell or rent.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to find an accredited assessor if you\u2019re selling or renting out your home in:

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll assess your property and produce the certificate.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1799" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "scenario": "I am selling a house and my potential buyer has agreed to all the terms of payments . I wish to come up with a legal contract in order to transfer house ownership.", + "question": "Which important details should i include on the legal contract?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the sale price", + [] + ], + [ + "the property boundaries", + [] + ], + [ + "which fixtures and fittings (like carpets and kitchen units) are included", + [] + ], + [ + "any legal restrictions or rights", + [] + ], + [ + "any planning restrictions", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The contract contains details about:

    ", + "
  • the sale price
    • ", + "
  • the property boundaries
    • ", + "
  • which fixtures and fittings (like carpets and kitchen units) are included
    • ", + "
  • any legal restrictions or rights, like public footpaths or rules about using the property
    • ", + "
  • any planning restrictions
    • ", + "
  • services to the property, like drainage and gas
    • ", + "
  • when the sale will complete
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1800" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-hedgerow-notice", + "scenario": "Mary is a livestock farmer. She is surrounded by high hanging hedge which is covered by the hedgerow regulations. It is blocking the road and making her homestead look very bushy. Her request to cut it down has been rejected by the local council. She has been served with a retention notice.", + "question": "How soon can she make an appeal ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 28 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal a decision if they\u2019ve sent you either:

    ", + "
  • a retention notice, saying you cannot remove a hedgerow
    • ", + "

    You must appeal within 28 days of the date on the council\u2019s notice.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1801" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-hedgerow-notice", + "scenario": "John has received a hedgerow replacement notice from the local council. He had cut off the hedgerow which had surrounded his farm .He wants to appeal the decision through email.", + "question": "Where can he get the council email address?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1802" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-minor-commercial-development-decision", + "scenario": "I wanted to put some shutters on the front of my shop but the council turned me down. I think this is unfair and it puts by business at risk.", + "question": "I am within my rights to appeal this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your local planning authority makes decisions on applications about minor commercial developments, for example ground floor alterations like shop fronts and security shutters.

    ", + "

    You can appeal a minor commercial development decision if you disagree with it.

    ", + "

    Only the person who made the application can appeal.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1803" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-minor-commercial-development-decision", + "scenario": "I made an appeal over a decision on the minor development of my property. It's clearly ludicrous that it's gone this far.", + "question": "What is the next step as I'm not beaten yet?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can appeal a minor commercial development decision", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal a minor commercial development decision if you disagree with it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1804" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-if-your-employer-is-insolvent", + "scenario": "My employer has become insolvent. Due to this, I have been made redundant by my employer. I was employed for 10 years by this company.", + "question": "What amount of redundancy pay can I receive?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "half a week\u2019s pay for each full year", + [ + "
  • half a week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and under 22 years old
    • ", + "

    Redundancy payments are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).

    " + ] + ], + [ + "one week\u2019s pay for each full year", + [ + "
  • one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and between 22 and 40 years old
    • ", + "

    Redundancy payments are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).

    " + ] + ], + [ + "one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year", + [ + "
  • one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and 41 or older
    • ", + "

    Redundancy payments are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your employer is insolvent if it cannot pay its debts.

    ", + "

    They might:

    ", + "
  • make you redundant
    • ", + "

    Depending on your situation, you can apply to the government for:

    ", + "
  • a redundancy payment
    • ", + "

    You have different rights depending on whether your employer:

    ", + "
  • makes you redundant (dismisses you)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re made redundant if you\u2019re dismissed from your job.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the government for:

    ", + "
  • a redundancy payment
    • ", + "

    What money you\u2019re entitled to depends on:

    ", + "
  • how long you were employed
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re normally entitled to redundancy pay if you:

    ", + "
  • have been made redundant
    • ", + "
  • were an employee
    • ", + "
  • were continuously employed by the insolvent business for 2 years or more
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • half a week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and under 22 years old
    • ", + "
  • one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and between 22 and 40 years old
    • ", + "
  • one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and 41 or older
    • ", + "

    Redundancy payments are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1805" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-if-your-employer-is-insolvent", + "scenario": "My employer has become insolvent. They have failed to pay my last month's wages before making me redundant. It has been two weeks since I was made redundant. I am a British citizen.", + "question": "Am I able to apply for money I am owed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your employer is insolvent if it cannot pay its debts.

    ", + "

    They might:

    ", + "
  • make you redundant
    • ", + "

    Depending on your situation, you can apply to the government for:

    ", + "
  • outstanding payments like unpaid wages, overtime and commission
    • ", + "

    You have different rights depending on whether your employer:

    ", + "

    You\u2019re made redundant if you\u2019re dismissed from your job.

    ", + "

    You can apply to the government for:

    ", + "
  • outstanding payments like unpaid wages, overtime and commission
    • ", + "

    You can apply for unpaid wages and other money you\u2019re owed by your employer, for example bonuses, overtime and commission.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re eligible to apply if:

    ", + "
  • you were an employee
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK or EEA national (or a foreign national with permission to work in the UK)
    • ", + "

    You can apply as soon as you\u2019ve been made redundant. The person dealing with the insolvency (the \u2018insolvency practitioner\u2019 or \u2018official receiver\u2019) will give you a \u2018CN\u2019 (case reference) number. You cannot claim without the CN number.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1806" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-if-your-employer-is-insolvent", + "scenario": "My company has run bankrupt and I have been made redundant without any formal notice after working as a full time employee for 10 years . I have lost my job and benefits.", + "question": "Can i apply to the government for a redundancy payment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll still be eligible to claim for redundancy pay and other money you\u2019re owed if you\u2019re made redundant at a later date.

    ", + "
  • you were an employee
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK or EEA national (or a foreign national with permission to work in the UK)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    They might:

    ", + "
  • ask you to keep working
    • ", + "

    Depending on your situation, you can apply to the government for:

    ", + "
  • a redundancy payment
    • ", + "

    You have different rights depending on whether your employer:

    ", + "
  • asks you to keep working
    • ", + "

    You might be asked to continue working for your employer after they become insolvent.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll still be eligible to claim for redundancy pay and other money you\u2019re owed if you\u2019re made redundant at a later date.

    ", + "

    You\u2019re eligible to apply if:

    ", + "
  • you were an employee
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a UK or EEA national (or a foreign national with permission to work in the UK)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1807" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-if-your-employer-is-insolvent", + "scenario": "My brother is 40 years old . His employer has become insolvent and has been laid off from work.He has been working for the company for the last 15 years as a full time employee. He has lost his job and wants to apply for redundancy pay.", + "question": "How much can he get?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "one week\u2019s pay for each full year", + [ + "

    Redundancy payments are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    They might:

    ", + "
  • make you redundant
    • ", + "

    Depending on your situation, you can apply to the government for:

    ", + "
  • a redundancy payment
    • ", + "

    You have different rights depending on whether your employer:

    ", + "
  • makes you redundant (dismisses you)
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re made redundant if you\u2019re dismissed from your job.

    ", + "

    What money you\u2019re entitled to depends on:

    ", + "
  • how long you were employed
    • ", + "
  • your age
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re normally entitled to redundancy pay if you:

    ", + "
  • have been made redundant
    • ", + "
  • were an employee
    • ", + "
  • were continuously employed by the insolvent business for 2 years or more
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and between 22 and 40 years old
    • ", + "

    Redundancy payments are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1808" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-enforcement-notice", + "scenario": "My father has received an enforcement letter from the local authority because he built a new extension of his kitchen without planning permission. The land is his property.", + "question": "Can he appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your local planning authority may send you an enforcement notice if you\u2019ve built or changed something without planning permission.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against an enforcement notice if you own, rent or lawfully occupy the property or land it applies to.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1809" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-enforcement-notice", + "scenario": "I made an appeal after receiving an enforcement letter . This was because of changing my residential property into a bed and breakfast facility. My appeal decision was disagreed upon and I suspect that the planning officer made a mistake.", + "question": "Can i challenge this negative appeal decision ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1810" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "scenario": "I have inherited a piece of land from my late grandmother.It was unregistered and I would like to register it for the first time and use my name.", + "question": "What are the documents I would need to submit with my application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a land transaction return certificate", + [ + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Include the same forms as for registering for the first time and include either:

    ", + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • ", + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • ", + "

    You may also need to send:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • ", + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • ", + "
  • a certified copy of the lease, if you\u2019re applying to register leasehold land or property
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1811" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "scenario": "I have applied to the land registry for the change of my name after I got married.I have accumulated all the needed documents as proof of name change.", + "question": "Do i need to attach a copy of marriage certificate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Use application form AP1 if you have any of the following documents:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Use application form AP1 if you have any of the following documents:

    ", + "
  • an official or certified copy of a certificate showing the name change, such as a marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1812" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deposit-protection-schemes-and-landlords", + "scenario": "I paid a deposit of \u00a31,000 at the start of my tenancy. It has come to my attention that the landlord has not protected my deposit. I want to take this to a county court.", + "question": "What kind of recompense can I expect for this court action?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "do not have to leave the property when the tenancy ends", + [] + ], + [ + "up to 3 times their original deposit", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your tenants can apply to a county court if you do not use a tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme when you have to. They can do this at any time during the tenancy.

    ", + "

    The court may also order you to repay your tenants up to 3 times their original deposit within 14 days of making the order.

    ", + "

    The court may also decide that your tenants do not have to leave the property when the tenancy ends if you did not use a TDP scheme when you should have.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1813" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deposit-protection-schemes-and-landlords", + "scenario": "I have just taken on my first tenant. I have just received a deposit of \u00a3800, and I am now writing up information to send to the tenant. I am not sure what I need to send.", + "question": "Is there a list of details I must send to the tenant?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the address of the rented property", + [] + ], + [ + "how much deposit they\u2019ve paid", + [] + ], + [ + "how the deposit is protected", + [] + ], + [ + "the name and contact details of the tenancy deposit protection (tdp) scheme and its dispute resolution service", + [] + ], + [ + "your (or your letting agency\u2019s) name and contact details", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Within 30 days of getting their deposit, you must tell your tenants:

    ", + "
  • the address of the rented property
    • ", + "
  • how much deposit they\u2019ve paid
    • ", + "
  • how the deposit is protected
    • ", + "
  • the name and contact details of the tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme and its dispute resolution service
    • ", + "
  • your (or your letting agency\u2019s) name and contact details
    • ", + "
  • the name and contact details of any third party who paid the deposit
    • ", + "
  • why you would keep some or all of the deposit - for example, because your tenants damaged the property and you need to fix it
    • ", + "
  • how to apply to get the deposit back at the end of the tenancy
    • ", + "
  • what to do if they cannot get hold of you at the end of the tenancy
    • ", + "
  • what to do if there\u2019s a dispute over the amount of deposit to be returned at the end of the tenancy
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1814" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "scenario": "I own a canal boat. I am currently planning to use my boat on the Royal Military Canal, between West Hythe Dam and Kent. I do not have a registration at this time.", + "question": "Do I need to register my boat for this use?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You usually need to register or licence your boat if you want to keep or use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use to find out.

    ", + "

    A boat is:

    ", + "
  • any vessel with or without a motor, for example a sailing boat, river boat, canal boat or houseboat
    • ", + "

    Register or license your boat with the navigation authority responsible for the waterway you want to use.

    ", + "

    You do not need to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam in Shorncliffe, Kent and Iden Lock in Cliffe End, East Sussex.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1815" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "scenario": "I am the owner of a boat. My boat has been registered, and has an up-to-date licence. An enforcement officer has fined me for not displaying this registration and licence.", + "question": "Can I get this fine removed as I do hold an up-to-date licence and registration?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    An enforcement officer may put an enforcement notice on your boat if it\u2019s on an inland waterway and:

    ", + "
  • your licence or registration is not displayed
    • ", + "

    You may be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a31,000 or have your boat removed if you do not display an up-to-date licence or registration.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1816" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-high-hedges-decision", + "scenario": "I had an application to remove a high hedge that is on my land rejected. I want to appeal this decision, which was made two months ago.", + "question": "Am I still able to appeal against this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal against a high hedge remedial notice or the council\u2019s decision not to issue one if you either:

    ", + "
  • complained to the council about the hedge
    • ", + "

    You must appeal within 28 days of:

    ", + "
  • your council\u2019s decision either to take no action, or to change an existing remedial notice (withdraw, waive or relax)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1817" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-high-hedges-decision", + "scenario": "I have appealed against a rejection for my application to have a high hedge on my land. ", + "question": "Will I site inspection be needed for the appeal process?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your appeal will be decided based on the information you send and a site visit. Your case officer will write to you if they require additional information.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1818" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "scenario": "My brother works full time. He has lived with his wife for 10 years together in their rented flat and has been paying full council tax bills. Currently have divorced and don't live together anymore.", + "question": "Does he pay the full council tax bill now that he lives alone?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A full Council Tax bill is based on at least 2 adults living in a home. Spouses and partners who live together are jointly responsible for paying the bill.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get 25% off your bill if you count as an adult for Council Tax and either:

    ", + "
  • you live on your own
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1819" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "scenario": "My Aunt is mentally disabled after she was diagnosed with dementia . She lives in my father's flat but is under full attendance care.", + "question": "Can she count as an adult when paying council tax bill?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    These people are not counted as adults for Council Tax:

    ", + "
  • people with a severe mental impairment
    • ", + "

    People who are severely mentally impaired are not included when working out Council Tax.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1820" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-about-tree-order", + "scenario": "I want to cut down a tree with a tree preservation order in my garden. After the survey it has seen to cause a crack in my house walls. The local council has not been helpful to me as they told me it is a preserved tree.", + "question": "Can i appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your council makes decisions about work on trees protected by preservation orders.

    ", + "

    You can appeal if you applied to cut down or carry out work on a protected tree and:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with the decision
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1821" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-about-tree-order", + "scenario": "My father has made an appeal after the local council refused to give permission to cut a preserved tree which has overhanging branches blocking the road.", + "question": "How long will it take to get a decision after the appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "27 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll normally get a decision within 27 weeks.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1822" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-high-hedges-decision", + "scenario": "Hello Jeff here. I am in a dispute with my neighbour over the boundary hedge - MY HEDGE! This cretin has take it to the council and I they have found against me.", + "question": "To whom can I appeal this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the planning inspectorate", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal against a high hedge remedial notice or the council\u2019s decision not to issue one if you either:

    ", + "
  • own, rent or occupy the land that the hedge is on
    • ", + "

    Email these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1823" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-high-hedges-decision", + "scenario": "I am in a long running dispute over my beautiful hedge. I have appealed against the council decision but have been rejected again.", + "question": "What are my options to continue this fight for British Justice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "challenge the decision in the high court", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1824" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "scenario": "I am in the process of selling a home for \u00a3300,000. I am selling this property through an estate agent. I have found out that the estate agent has not informed me of all buyer offers.", + "question": "How can I complain about this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "complain to the estate agent", + [] + ], + [ + "the property ombudsman", + [ + "

    You must complain to the estate agent first and give them a fair chance to sort out your complaint. If they do not, you can complain to one of the following schemes:

    " + ] + ], + [ + "property redress scheme", + [ + "

    You must complain to the estate agent first and give them a fair chance to sort out your complaint. If they do not, you can complain to one of the following schemes:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Estate agents are also legally obliged to pass on any other offers for the property right up to when contracts are exchanged.

    ", + "

    You must complain to the estate agent first and give them a fair chance to sort out your complaint. If they do not, you can complain to one of the following schemes:

    ", + "
  • The Property Ombudsman
    • ", + "
  • Property Redress Scheme
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1825" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "scenario": "I want to sell my home. The house is believed to be worth \u00a3450,000. The property was bought on the 30th September 2013. It is my main home.", + "question": "How much tax will I pay for selling this house?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you have not let part of it out or used part of it for business only
    • ", + "
  • the grounds, including the buildings, are smaller than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre)
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "some", + [ + "

    If you do not meet all these criteria you may have to pay some Capital Gains Tax.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need to pay:

    ", + "
  • Capital Gains Tax when you sell a home
    • ", + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it
    • ", + "
  • you have not let part of it out or used part of it for business only
    • ", + "
  • the grounds, including the buildings, are smaller than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre)
    • ", + "

    If you do not meet all these criteria you may have to pay some Capital Gains Tax.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1826" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-agreements-a-guide-for-landlords", + "scenario": "I am planning to rent out my home on a short-term basis. I am uncertain as to whether I will need to use it again in the future, and so I want the option to be able to terminate my tenant's rent at any time.", + "question": "Is there an agreement that can be made with the tenant for this purpose?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If there\u2019s a break clause in the tenancy agreement, you can give your tenants notice after this. However, you do not have a guaranteed right to possession during the first 6 months of the tenancy.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you want your tenants to leave, you must give them notice in a particular way, including certain information and warnings. This depends on the type of tenancy agreement and its terms.

    ", + "

    If there\u2019s a break clause in the tenancy agreement, you can give your tenants notice after this. However, you do not have a guaranteed right to possession during the first 6 months of the tenancy.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1827" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-agreements-a-guide-for-landlords", + "scenario": "I am a landlord who has a tenant that signed a two-year contract. The tenant has died. He had no will nor executor. This has left me confused about what to do with the property.", + "question": "Do I automatically come back into possession of the property?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The tenancy is transferred temporarily to the Public Trustee if a tenant dies:

    ", + "
  • without a will
    • ", + "

    You cannot take back a property automatically even if the tenancy was due to end.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1828" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-tenant-right-to-rent-documents", + "scenario": "I have a house I am looking to rent out. I don't really want to formalise things but i am told it's best to do so.", + "question": "What do I have to do as a landlord to see if someone if suitable as a tenant?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "check which adults will use your property as their main home (your \u2018tenants\u2019)", + [] + ], + [ + "ask them for original documents that prove they can live in the uk", + [] + ], + [ + "check their documents to see if they have the right to rent your property", + [] + ], + [ + "check that each tenant\u2019s documents are genuine and belong to them, with the tenant present", + [] + ], + [ + "make and keep copies of the documents and record the date you made the check", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "
  • Check which adults will use your property as their main home (your \u2018tenants\u2019).
    • ", + "
  • Ask them for original documents that prove they can live in the UK.
    • ", + "
  • Check their documents to see if they have the right to rent your property.
    • ", + "
  • Check that each tenant\u2019s documents are genuine and belong to them, with the tenant present.
    • ", + "
  • Make and keep copies of the documents and record the date you made the check.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1829" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-tenant-right-to-rent-documents", + "scenario": "These checks are really laborious and a waste of time. I can get good money renting to those under the radar.", + "question": "What's can happen to me if I don't follow the guidelines and do proper checks?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get an unlimited fine", + [] + ], + [ + "be sent to prison", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get an unlimited fine or be sent to prison for renting your property to someone who is not allowed to stay in England.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1830" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stamp-duty-land-tax", + "scenario": "I have inherited a property from my late grandfather. He left me the property through a will. I am the will executor and would like to know about stamp duty land tax.", + "question": "Do l qualify for an SDLT exception?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You may be eligible for Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) reliefs if you\u2019re buying your first home and in certain other situations. These reliefs can reduce the amount of tax you pay.

    ", + "
  • no money or other payment changes hands for a land or property transfer
    • ", + "
  • property is left to you in a will
    • ", + "
  • property is transferred because of divorce or dissolution of a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you buy a freehold property for less than \u00a340,000
    • ", + "
  • you buy a new or assigned lease of 7 years or more, as long as the premium is less than \u00a340,000 and the annual rent is less than \u00a31,000
    • ", + "
  • you buy a new or assigned lease of less than 7 years, as long as the amount you pay is less than the residential or non-residential SDLT threshold
    • ", + "
  • you use alternative property financial arrangements, for example to comply with Sharia law
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be eligible for Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) reliefs if you\u2019re buying your first home and in certain other situations. These reliefs can reduce the amount of tax you pay.

    ", + "

    You do not have to pay SDLT or file a return if:

    ", + "
  • no money or other payment changes hands for a land or property transfer
    • ", + "
  • property is left to you in a will
    • ", + "
  • property is transferred because of divorce or dissolution of a civil partnership
    • ", + "
  • you buy a freehold property for less than \u00a340,000
    • ", + "
  • you buy a new or assigned lease of 7 years or more, as long as the premium is less than \u00a340,000 and the annual rent is less than \u00a31,000
    • ", + "
  • you buy a new or assigned lease of less than 7 years, as long as the amount you pay is less than the residential or non-residential SDLT threshold
    • ", + "
  • you use alternative property financial arrangements, for example to comply with Sharia law
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1831" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leasehold-property", + "scenario": "My landlord has decided to sell his freeholding. I am the leaseholder of the property. I want to buy this property but and I have not been offered the opportunity to buy the freehold.", + "question": "What can I do about it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "right of first refusal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Landlords who want to sell the freehold of a building containing flats usually have to offer the leaseholders the first chance to buy it. This is known as your right of first refusal.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1832" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leasehold-property", + "scenario": "I have a new landlord, who has just bought the freehold to the property I lease. He has decided to increase the ground rent, even though the lease agreement stipulates this cannot be done. He has refused to listen to my complaints, and so I want to take this to a tribunal.", + "question": "Is the issue I have eligible to be used in a tribunal case?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to a tribunal if you\u2019re in a dispute with your landlord, for example:

    ", + "
  • varying a lease
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1833" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "scenario": "I own three houses. Two of these houses, situated in England, are now empty, and will remain so for the next six months.", + "question": "Are there any Council Tax reductions that I can get for these two properties?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You can be charged up to double your Council Tax if your home has been empty for 2 years or more (unless it\u2019s an annexe or you\u2019re in the armed forces).

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a 50% discount if no-one living in your home, including you, counts as an adult.

    ", + "

    You may be able to get a discount if you have a second home or an empty property - it\u2019s up to your council to decide.

    ", + "

    You may pay less Council Tax for a property you own or rent that\u2019s not your main home.

    ", + "

    Councils can give furnished second homes or holiday homes a discount of up to 50%. Contact your council to find out if you can get a discount - it\u2019s up to them how much you can get.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax on an empty home, but your council can decide to give you a discount - the amount is up to them. Contact your council to ask about a discount.

    ", + "

    You can be charged up to double your Council Tax if your home has been empty for 2 years or more (unless it\u2019s an annexe or you\u2019re in the armed forces).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1834" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "scenario": "I am a university student. The course I am undertaking is three years long and is full time (40 hours per week). I am living alone in a flat. I have just received an council tax bill.", + "question": "Do I have to pay council tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You will not have to pay any Council Tax if everyone in your home, including you, is a full-time student.

    ", + "

    These people are not counted as adults for Council Tax:

    ", + "
  • full-time college and university students
    • ", + "

    Households where everyone\u2019s a full-time student do not have to pay Council Tax. If you do get a bill, you can apply for an exemption.

    ", + "

    To count as a full-time student, your course must:

    ", + "
  • last at least 1 year
    • ", + "
  • involve at least 21 hours study per week
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1835" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-tenant-right-to-rent-documents", + "scenario": "I have done a follow up check up on my tenant who is non EU and found out that he had a limited leave visa and his permission to stay in the UK ended last month. He has no intention of extending his visa citing financial difficulties. He is now living illegally.", + "question": "What should I do?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "tell the home office", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must tell the Home Office if you find out that your tenant can no longer legally rent property in England after doing a follow-up check.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1836" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-tenant-right-to-rent-documents", + "scenario": "I am a landlord and a potential tenant has approached me with the intention of renting my house. He is from China and is in possession of a valid tourist visa expiring in 5 months. I want to know if he has the rights to rent in the UK.", + "question": "Do I need to run a follow-up check some time in the future? If so, when should that happen?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the end of your tenant\u2019s permission to stay in the uk", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must do a follow-up check to make sure your tenant can still rent property in the UK if there\u2019s a time limit on their permission to stay.

    ", + "

    You can get a fine if you do not do a follow-up check and your tenant\u2019s permission to stay ends.

    ", + "

    Do the follow-up check just before the date that\u2019s the later of:

    ", + "
  • the end of your tenant\u2019s permission to stay in the UK
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1837" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renting-out-a-property", + "scenario": "I am renting a property. My landlord has decided to do work on the property that makes half of the rooms unusable. I feel as if I am not getting my money's worth.", + "question": "Is there any discount I am eligible to get on my rent for this period?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If the repairs are very disruptive, your tenants may be able to claim a reduction on their rent known as a \u2018rent abatement\u2019. This will depend on how much of the property is unusable.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1838" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renting-out-a-property", + "scenario": "I am a landlord who rents out rooms to two tenants, who are not related. I am considering renting out another room. There will be at least three separate people renting rooms in this property.", + "question": "Will I need a licence for a HMO in these circumnstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • toilet, bathroom or kitchen facilities are shared
    • ", + "

    An HMO must have a licence if it is occupied by 5 or more people. A council can also include other types of HMOs for licensing.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you let your property to several tenants who are not members of the same family, it may be a \u2018House in Multiple Occupation\u2019 (HMO).

    ", + "

    Your property is an HMO if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • at least 3 tenants live there, forming more than one household
    • ", + "
  • toilet, bathroom or kitchen facilities are shared
    • ", + "

    An HMO must have a licence if it is occupied by 5 or more people. A council can also include other types of HMOs for licensing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1839" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leasehold-property", + "scenario": "I am a leaseholder and own a house. Would like to gather more information on my responsibilities and rights as a leaseholder.", + "question": "What are the general rights of a leaseholder?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get information about service charges or insurance", + [] + ], + [ + "know the landlord\u2019s (freeholder\u2019s) name and address", + [] + ], + [ + "be consulted about certain maintenance and running costs", + [] + ], + [ + "challenge certain charges under some circumstances", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have the right to:

    ", + "
  • get information about service charges or insurance
    • ", + "
  • know the landlord\u2019s (freeholder\u2019s) name and address
    • ", + "
  • be consulted about certain maintenance and running costs
    • ", + "
  • challenge certain charges under some circumstances
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1840" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leasehold-property", + "scenario": "My mother is a leaseholder and is very concerned about knowing if the house has insurance. She has witnessed a lot of people losing lives due to fire outbreaks and loss of property.", + "question": "Can she ask the landlord for the insurance policy summary?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your landlord will usually be responsible for insurance of the building (not the contents) - this will be part of your service charge.

    ", + "

    You have a right to:

    ", + "
  • ask for a summary of the insurance policy
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1841" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-information-about-property-and-land", + "scenario": "Our family inherited a piece of land from our grandmother. We want to search for index map and confirm if it is registered and whose name is it registered with. We have tried to search using the land address but can't be identified.", + "question": "What are other ways we can search the index map?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the title register", + [] + ], + [ + "the title summary", + [] + ], + [ + "the title plan", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Search the register by address or location.

    ", + "

    The title register has details about the property or land (in a PDF). It includes:

    ", + "

    The title summary (viewable online) includes:

    ", + "

    The title plan is a map showing:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1842" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-information-about-property-and-land", + "scenario": "My neighbour and I have a land dispute and we are scheduled for court hearing next week. I lost the original deed copies through a fire outbreak . I possess only the copies.", + "question": "Where can i get the official copies of the title register?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1843" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-minor-commercial-development-decision", + "scenario": "I have tried to make alterations to the shop front. My application to the planning committee was rejected. Five weeks have past, and after being informed that this should have been accepted, we are considering appealing the decision.", + "question": "Are we still able to appeal this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    The deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice - you must appeal within 28 days of the notice.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal a minor commercial development decision if you disagree with it.

    ", + "

    You must appeal within 12 weeks of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.

    ", + "

    The deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice - you must appeal within 28 days of the notice.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1844" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-minor-commercial-development-decision", + "scenario": "We wanted to add new security shutters over the front door of our warehouse. The planning for this was rejected. We have now appealed this decision, but are unclear as to the process.", + "question": "What are the next steps for this appeal process?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the planning inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid", + [] + ], + [ + "they\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take", + [] + ], + [ + "the planning inspectorate will then consider your appeal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1845" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "scenario": "My brother wants to buy a canoe boat to spend his summer holiday rowing along the river Thames. He wants to register so that he can use it.", + "question": "Will he need to insure it ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You usually need to register or licence your boat if you want to keep or use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use to find out.

    ", + "

    A boat is:

    ", + "
  • any \u2018open boat\u2019 such as canoe, paddle board, rowing boat or dinghy
    • ", + "

    To get a boat registration you may need:

    ", + "
  • insurance
    • ", + "

    You may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1846" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "scenario": "My friend Mark owns a canoe boat along the river Severn. It is not registered nor licensed . He sometimes rows it to different waterways during summer.", + "question": "Can he be penalised?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.

    ", + "

    An enforcement officer may put an enforcement notice on your boat if it\u2019s on an inland waterway and:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s not licensed or registered
    • ", + "

    You may be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a31,000 or have your boat removed if you do not display an up-to-date licence or registration.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1847" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "scenario": "My friend Ann and I have joint property ownership. Ann has been diagnosed with schizophrenia and can't sign legal documents but she has a deputy. I want to sell the property.", + "question": "Can I appoint her deputy to represent her during property selling process?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must apply to the Court of Protection if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re one of 2 or more owners of property or land
    • ", + "
  • one of the owners has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you want to sell the property or land
    • ", + "

    This means that:

    ", + "
  • the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity cannot sign legally binding documents and needs help to make decisions
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to appoint someone to act on behalf of the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity even if:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1848" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "scenario": "My brother and his partner are tenants in common. They are now officially married and would like to have full rights to the property. They want to change the property ownership from tenants in common to joint tenants.", + "question": "Can that be possible?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You need the agreement of all the other joint owners to change from being tenants in common to joint tenants.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can change from being either:

    ", + "
  • tenants in common to joint tenants, for example if you get married and want to have equal rights to the whole property
    • ", + "

    You need the agreement of all the other joint owners to change from being tenants in common to joint tenants.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1849" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-buy-buying-your-council-home", + "scenario": "I bought my council house on the 19 June 2020, using the Right to buy. It is the 28th July 2021, and I am now now looking to sell my property. I tried to discuss it with the landlord, but we could not come to a decision over the price.", + "question": "What can I do to get a suitable market price for me to sell the property?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a district valuer will say how much your home is worth and set the price", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you sell your home within 10 years of buying it through Right to Buy, you must first offer it to either:

    ", + "
  • your old landlord
    • ", + "

    The property should be sold at the full market price agreed between you and the landlord.

    ", + "

    If you cannot agree, a district valuer will say how much your home is worth and set the price. You will not have to pay for their valuation.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1850" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-buy-buying-your-council-home", + "scenario": "I currently live in a council house. I am now looking to buy this property, having heard about there being discounts available. I live in London. The house will cost \u00a3180,000", + "question": "What kind of discount could I receive for buying the property?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "35% discount", + [ + "

    You get a 35% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "the discount goes up 1% for every extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant", + [ + "

    After 5 years, the discount goes up 1% for every extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get a discount on the market value of your home when you buy it if you qualify for Right to Buy.

    ", + "

    You get a 35% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.

    ", + "

    After 5 years, the discount goes up 1% for every extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1851" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renting-out-a-property", + "scenario": "I am a new property owner. I have built three houses for rental purposes. I want to familiarize myself with landlord responsibilities and how well I can handle my potential tenants especially during the coronavirus period.", + "question": "Where can i get this information?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your responsibilities as a landlord have not changed because of coronavirus. However, you should follow the government\u2019s coronavirus advice.

    ", + "

    Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1852" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renting-out-a-property", + "scenario": "I have done repairs to my property and it has cost me a lot of money .I want to increase the monthly rent by a small margin.", + "question": "How can I increase the rent?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "stick to this", + [ + "

    If a fixed-term tenancy agreement says how the rent can be increased, you must stick to this.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "agree a rent increase with your tenants and produce a written record of the agreement that you both sign", + [ + "

    For a periodic tenancy, you can:

    " + ] + ], + [ + "use a \u2018landlord\u2019s notice proposing a new rent\u2019 form, giving your tenant at least a month\u2019s notice", + [ + "

    For a periodic tenancy, you can:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have the right to increase the rent after carrying out repairs and improvements, depending on the tenancy agreement.

    ", + "

    If a fixed-term tenancy agreement says how the rent can be increased, you must stick to this.

    ", + "

    For a periodic tenancy, you can:

    ", + "
  • agree a rent increase with your tenants and produce a written record of the agreement that you both sign
    • ", + "
  • use a \u2018Landlord\u2019s notice proposing a new rent\u2019 form, giving your tenant at least a month\u2019s notice
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1853" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "scenario": "I have just bought a new property. I have found that this property has never been registered. I am now looking into registering the property.", + "question": "How do I register the property?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "search the register to make sure your property is not already registered", + [] + ], + [ + "apply for a search from the land charges department to search against all previous owners since 1925", + [] + ], + [ + "fill in an application for first registration", + [] + ], + [ + "prepare a scale plan showing where the land is outlined", + [ + "
  • Prepare a scale plan showing where the land is outlined, if it\u2019s not shown in the deeds.
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "find the forms you need depending on your circumstances and fill out 2 copies of the list of documents form", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must register all land or property with HM Land Registry if you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • bought it
    • ", + "

    Land or property must be registered for the first time if it\u2019s unregistered when you take ownership of it or mortgage it.

    ", + "
  • Search the register to make sure your property is not already registered.
    • ", + "
  • Apply for a search from the Land Charges Department to search against all previous owners since 1925. They will send you the results.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in an application for first registration.
    • ", + "
  • Prepare a scale plan showing where the land is outlined, if it\u2019s not shown in the deeds.
    • ", + "
  • Find the forms you need depending on your circumstances and fill out 2 copies of the list of documents form.
    • ", + "
  • Find out the correct registration fee - this depends on the value of your property.
    • ", + "
  • Send your documents, forms and fee to HM Land Registry.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1854" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "scenario": "I am the owner of a property in England. I have recently change my surname at the registry office. I am looking to update my details on the registration.", + "question": "How do I apply to change my details on the registration?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "use application form ap1", + [ + "
  • an official or certified copy of a certificate showing the name change, such as a marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "
  • a copy of a deed poll
    • ", + "
  • a statement of truth
    • ", + "
  • a statutory declaration sworn before someone able to take oaths
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "send additional proof", + [ + "

    You must also send additional proof if you\u2019re not sending a certificate or using a conveyancer (for example a solicitor). When you send from AP1, include both:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Use application form AP1 if you have any of the following documents:

    ", + "
  • an official or certified copy of a certificate showing the name change, such as a marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "
  • a copy of a deed poll
    • ", + "
  • a statement of truth
    • ", + "
  • a statutory declaration sworn before someone able to take oaths
    • ", + "

    You must also send additional proof if you\u2019re not sending a certificate or using a conveyancer (for example a solicitor). When you send from AP1, include both:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1855" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-acquire-buying-housing-association-home", + "scenario": "I live in a house owned by a housing association. This house is located in Newcastle. I want to buy my home, and heard you can get discounts.", + "question": "What discount would I receive for buying my home?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "between \u00a39,000 and \u00a316,000", + [ + "

    The amount of discount you\u2019ll get depends on where you live in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your discount might be reduced if you\u2019ve used Right to Acquire or Right to Buy in the past.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Right to Acquire allows most housing association tenants to buy their home at a discount. You apply using the Right to Acquire application form.

    ", + "

    You can apply to buy your housing association home if you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord for 3 years. These landlords include:

    ", + "
  • housing associations
    • ", + "

    You can get a discount of between \u00a39,000 and \u00a316,000 on the price of your property.

    ", + "

    The amount of discount you\u2019ll get depends on where you live in the UK.

    ", + "

    Your discount might be reduced if you\u2019ve used Right to Acquire or Right to Buy in the past.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1856" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-acquire-buying-housing-association-home", + "scenario": "I have bought my home from a housing association. Six months have now past, and I have decided to sell my home. House prices have risen, and I can now sell it for \u00a3190,000.", + "question": "How much discount would I have to repay if I sell it at this time?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "all of the discount", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you sell your home within 5 years of buying it, you\u2019ll have to pay back some or all of the discount you got.

    ", + "

    If you sell within the first year, you\u2019ll have to pay back all of the discount. On top of this, the amount you pay back depends on the value of your home when you sell it. So, if you got a 10% discount, you\u2019ll have to pay back 10% of the selling price.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1857" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-hedgerow-notice", + "scenario": "I own land which has hedgerows surrounding it. I have received a retention notice stating that I cannot remove any of the hedgerows. I cannot access the land without removing any hedgerows, so I want to appeal this decision.", + "question": "What documents will I need to make an appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a copy of your original application", + [] + ], + [ + "the reason for your appeal", + [] + ], + [ + "a copy of the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice", + [] + ], + [ + "any other documents that directly support your appeal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal a decision if they\u2019ve sent you either:

    ", + "
  • a retention notice, saying you cannot remove a hedgerow
    • ", + "

    You also need:

    ", + "
  • a copy of your original application
    • ", + "
  • the reason for your appeal
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "
  • any other documents that directly support your appeal
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1858" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-hedgerow-notice", + "scenario": "I appealed a decision against a replacement notice. I have been told to replace the hedgerow that I took out near my property. The roots were causing damage to the foundations. My appeal failed. I disagree with this decision.", + "question": "Can I go any further with this appeal process?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1859" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "scenario": "Me and my friend own a property as common tenants. We want to change this ownership to joint tenants.", + "question": "What other documents do we need to supply to carry out this change?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "an original or certified copy of the new or updated trust deed signed by all the owners", + [] + ], + [ + "a certified copy of a transfer showing that all owners with individual shares of the property have transferred these to all the beneficial joint tenants", + [] + ], + [ + "a certificate from your conveyancer confirming that all owners with shares of the property have signed a new trust deed", + [] + ], + [ + "a statutory declaration prepared by your conveyancer", + [] + ], + [ + "a \u2018statement of truth\u2019", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must include one of the following:

    ", + "
  • an original or certified copy of the new or updated trust deed signed by all the owners
    • ", + "
  • a certified copy of a transfer showing that all owners with individual shares of the property have transferred these to all the beneficial joint tenants
    • ", + "
  • a certificate from your conveyancer confirming that all owners with shares of the property have signed a new trust deed
    • ", + "

    You must also include either:

    ", + "
  • a statutory declaration prepared by your conveyancer
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018statement of truth\u2019 - either one you\u2019ve prepared yourself or using form ST5
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1860" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "scenario": "I am one of two tenants owning a property as joint tenants. I want to sell the property, but the other tenant has lost the mental capacity to make a decision.", + "question": "Do I have to appoint someone to represent the other tenant?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re already acting on behalf of an owner as a \u2018deputy\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the Official Solicitor is a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 for an owner
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You may not need to apply if you\u2019ve got a registered power of attorney.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must apply to the Court of Protection if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re one of 2 or more owners of property or land
    • ", + "
  • one of the owners has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you want to sell the property or land
    • ", + "

    This means that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ll have to apply to appoint someone to take the place of the owner who\u2019s lost capacity so the sale can go ahead
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll have to appoint someone to act on behalf of the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity even if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re already acting on behalf of an owner as a \u2018deputy\u2019
    • ", + "
  • the Official Solicitor is a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 for an owner
    • ", + "

    You may not need to apply if you\u2019ve got a registered power of attorney.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1861" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-agreements-a-guide-for-landlords", + "scenario": "My tenant had assured short hold tenancy agreement which was supposed to end by January 2022. He has unfortunately succumbed by Lung cancer. He had no will or known relatives or friends. I want my property back.", + "question": "How can i repossess my property immediately now that he is no more?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "post or deliver a letter to the tenant\u2019s last known address saying you\u2019re giving written notice", + [] + ], + [ + "email a copy of your notice and a completed nl1 form to the public trustee", + [] + ], + [ + "pay an application fee to the public trustee to register the notice", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The tenancy is transferred temporarily to the Public Trustee if a tenant dies:

    ", + "
  • without a will
    • ", + "

    You cannot take back a property automatically even if the tenancy was due to end.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • post or deliver a letter to the tenant\u2019s last known address saying you\u2019re giving written notice
    • ", + "
  • email a copy of your notice and a completed NL1 form to the Public Trustee
    • ", + "
  • pay an application fee to the Public Trustee to register the notice
    • ", + "

    Give notice

    ", + "

    Address the written notice to: \u201cThe Personal Representative of [full name of the tenant who died] of [last known address for the tenant who died]\u201d.

    ", + "

    Email the notice and NL1 form to the Public Trustee

    ", + "

    Order a NL1 application form to register a notice from OyezStore or from Shaws. The form costs no more than \u00a38.26.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get it by post. Email a copy of the notice and a scan of your completed NL1 form to osptcontrolunit@ospt.gov.uk.

    ", + "

    Pay the application fee

    ", + "

    It costs \u00a340 to register the notice. You can only pay by Bacs. Transfer the fee to the following account:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1862" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-agreements-a-guide-for-landlords", + "scenario": "I am a landlord and the cost of the property repairs and maintenance has increased. Would like to make a slight increase in the monthly rent.", + "question": "Should i inform my tenant about this change?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The tenancy agreement should include:

    ", + "
  • the rental price and how it\u2019s paid
    • ", + "

    You must get the agreement of your tenants if you want to make changes to the terms of their tenancy agreement.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1863" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stamp-duty-land-tax", + "scenario": "I am going to be purchasing a new home, which is in England. The house is valued at \u00a3450,0000. I am looking up the taxes I will need to pay on the purchase.", + "question": "What is the current threshold for Stamp Duty Land tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3500,000", + [ + "

    The current SDLT threshold for residential properties is \u00a3500,000. This changes on 1 July 2021.

    ", + "

    Rates from 8 July 2020 to 30 June 2021

    " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a3250,000", + [ + "

    Property purchases from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021

    ", + "

    Rates from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021

    " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a3125,000", + [ + "

    Property purchases from 1 October 2021

    ", + "

    Rates from 1 October 2021

    " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a3300,000", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re buying your first home

    ", + "

    You can claim a discount (relief) if you buy your first home before 8 July 2020 or from 1 July 2021. This means you\u2019ll pay:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The current SDLT threshold for residential properties is \u00a3500,000. This changes on 1 July 2021.

    ", + "

    Property purchases from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021

    ", + "

    The SDLT thresholds will be:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3250,000 for residential properties
    • ", + "

    Property purchases from 1 October 2021

    ", + "

    The SDLT thresholds will be:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3125,000 for residential properties
    • ", + "

    Rates from 8 July 2020 to 30 June 2021

    ", + "Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate", + "Up to \u00a3500,000 | Zero", + "

    Rates from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021

    ", + "Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate", + "Up to \u00a3250,000 | Zero", + "

    Rates from 1 October 2021

    ", + "Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate", + "Up to \u00a3125,000 | Zero", + "

    If you\u2019re buying your first home

    ", + "

    You can claim a discount (relief) if you buy your first home before 8 July 2020 or from 1 July 2021. This means you\u2019ll pay:

    ", + "
  • no SDLT up to \u00a3300,000
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1864" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stamp-duty-land-tax", + "scenario": "I have been gifted a property, which is worth \u00a3500,000. I am concerned about having to pay Stamp Duty on this property.", + "question": "Will I need to pay stamp duty for a gifted property?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1865" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-acquire-buying-housing-association-home", + "scenario": "My uncle works in the British army and has lived in the armed forces accommodation for 4 years together with his wife. They have made it their main home and they would like to see if can have rights to acquire.", + "question": "Can they qualify?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • built or bought by a housing association after 31 March 1997 (and funded through a social housing grant provided by the Housing Corporation or local council)
    • ", + "
  • transferred from a local council to a housing association after 31 March 1997
    • ", + "

    Your landlord must be registered with the Regulator of Social Housing.

    ", + "
  • a self-contained property
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re being made bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • a court has ordered you to leave your home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a council tenant \u2013 you may be able to use Right to Buy instead
    • ", + "
  • you have \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to buy your housing association home if you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord for 3 years. These landlords include:

    ", + "
  • the armed services
    • ", + "

    Your property must either have been:

    ", + "
  • built or bought by a housing association after 31 March 1997 (and funded through a social housing grant provided by the Housing Corporation or local council)
    • ", + "
  • transferred from a local council to a housing association after 31 March 1997
    • ", + "

    Your landlord must be registered with the Regulator of Social Housing.

    ", + "

    The home you want to buy must also be:

    ", + "
  • a self-contained property
    • ", + "
  • your only or main home
    • ", + "

    You can make a joint application with:

    ", + "
  • someone who shares your tenancy
    • ", + "
  • up to 3 family members who\u2019ve lived with you for the past 12 months (even if they don\u2019t share your tenancy)
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t use Right to Acquire if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re being made bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • a court has ordered you to leave your home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a council tenant \u2013 you may be able to use Right to Buy instead
    • ", + "
  • you have \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1866" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-acquire-buying-housing-association-home", + "scenario": "My sister is a nurse and works in the NHS. She earns a salary of \u00a335000 per year and has been living in the NHS trust houses for over 3 years. She would like to apply for the rights to acquire a house but would like to know.", + "question": "Which things can make one not qualify ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you\u2019re being made bankrupt", + [] + ], + [ + "a court has ordered you to leave your home", + [] + ], + [ + "you\u2019re a council tenant \u2013 you may be able to use right to buy instead", + [] + ], + [ + "you have \u2018preserved right to buy\u2019", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can\u2019t use Right to Acquire if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re being made bankrupt
    • ", + "
  • a court has ordered you to leave your home
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re a council tenant \u2013 you may be able to use Right to Buy instead
    • ", + "
  • you have \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1867" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-about-tree-order", + "scenario": "I own some land that has an old tree. This tree is protected by a preservation order. The roots of this tree are damaging the foundations of my house. My application to cut it down was rejected 20 days ago.", + "question": "Am I still able to appeal against this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • before the date the tree replacement notice comes into effect
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal if you applied to cut down or carry out work on a protected tree and:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with the decision
    • ", + "

    You must appeal:

    ", + "
  • within 28 days of the date on the council\u2019s decision notice
    • ", + "
  • before the date the tree replacement notice comes into effect
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1868" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-about-tree-order", + "scenario": "My application to trim a protected tree's branches was rejected. I have now appealed this decision, but I do not know what this decision will be based on.", + "question": "What will the appeal decision be decided upon?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the information you send", + [] + ], + [ + "a site visit", + [] + ], + [ + "your council\u2019s documents", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Their decision about your appeal will be based on:

    ", + "
  • the information you send
    • ", + "
  • a site visit
    • ", + "
  • your council\u2019s documents, for example the tree preservation order
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1869" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/electricalwaste-producer-supplier-responsibilities", + "scenario": "I own a business that sells electronic attachments to mobiles. We make sales of \u00a370,000 per year. We also only sell online. We are looking at joining the Distributor Takeback scheme.", + "question": "Will we be eligible to join this scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) instead of providing a takeback service, if either of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • your business sells less than \u00a3100,000 of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) per year
    • ", + "
  • you only sell online
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1870" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/electricalwaste-producer-supplier-responsibilities", + "scenario": "My company sells appliances and electronic kitchen equipment. We have been reported for failing to provide customer's with a way to dispose of these electronics.", + "question": "what kind of punishment could we face if we are prosecuted?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "fined up to \u00a35,000 at a magistrates\u2019 court", + [] + ], + [ + "an unlimited fine from a crown court", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you fail to comply with the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, you can be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a35,000 at a magistrates\u2019 court, or get an unlimited fine from a Crown Court.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1871" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-enforcement-notice", + "scenario": "I am a contractor. I was recently hired to build a new tree house and have received an enforcement notice to remove it. It says it is oversized and required planning permission.", + "question": "Can I proceed to appeal this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your local planning authority may send you an enforcement notice if you\u2019ve built or changed something without planning permission.

    ", + "

    You can appeal against an enforcement notice if you own, rent or lawfully occupy the property or land it applies to.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1872" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-way-open-access-land", + "scenario": "I live near an open fields that has been left unattended for several years. Most of my neighbors use it to walk their dogs and running . My brother wants to learn how to drive and since I am a fully insured driver I have accepted to teach him how to drive. The open field is accessible .", + "question": "Can we use the field for car driving test?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Access land includes mountains, moors, heaths and downs that are privately owned. It also includes common land registered with the local council and some land around the England Coast Path.

    ", + "

    You can use access land for walking, running, watching wildlife and climbing.

    ", + "

    There are certain activities you cannot usually do on open access land, including:

    ", + "
  • driving a vehicle (except mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1873" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-way-open-access-land", + "scenario": "I am a landowner with a very expansive land adjacent to new housing . The public are walking over it and parking on the field as well as hosting parties.They have disregarded the post signs I have elected. I have now given up.", + "question": "Can i provide the public permission to use the land ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If neither of these apply, you may still be able to access private land if:

    ", + "
  • the landowner has given permission (\u2018permissive access\u2019)
    • ", + "

    But you can use access land for horse-riding and cycling if:

    ", + "
  • the landowner allows it
    • ", + "

    You may be able to access private land if the landowner has agreed to let people use it, for example for walking, cycling or horse riding (sometimes known as giving \u2018permissive access\u2019). Look for signs.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1874" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deposit-protection-schemes-and-landlords", + "scenario": "I have been living in my property 3 years and now i am moving out. One of the doors was broken by myself when i was moving furniture. I paid \u00a3600 deposit.", + "question": "Can the landlord take money to replace the door from the deposit scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Within 30 days of getting their deposit, you must tell your tenants:

    ", + "
  • why you would keep some or all of the deposit - for example, because your tenants damaged the property and you need to fix it
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1875" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deposit-protection-schemes-and-landlords", + "scenario": "When i moved into the property I gave the landlord a deposit but never received info on where this was kept. He didn't use the tenancy deposit scheme.", + "question": "Who can i go to regarding resolving this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a county court", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must place your tenants\u2019 deposit in a tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme if you rent out your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007.

    ", + "

    Your tenants can apply to a county court if you do not use a tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme when you have to. They can do this at any time during the tenancy.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1876" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-buy-buying-your-council-home", + "scenario": "My brother was in the British army, he lived in the armed forces accommodation for 4 years.His wife too was a member of the armed forces.", + "question": "Can they use the time lived there for the discount?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Right to Buy allows most council tenants to buy their council home at a discount. Use the eligibility checker on the Own Your Home website to find out if you can apply.

    ", + "

    You can apply to buy your council home if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord (for example, a council, housing association or NHS trust) for 3 years - it does not have to be 3 years in a row
    • ", + "

    You can make a joint application with:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 family members who\u2019ve lived with you for the past 12 months (even if they do not share your tenancy)
    • ", + "

    You can get a discount on the market value of your home when you buy it if you qualify for Right to Buy.

    ", + "

    The discount is based on:

    ", + "
  • how long you\u2019ve been a tenant with a public sector landlord
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re buying with someone else, you count the years of whoever\u2019s been a public sector tenant the longest.

    ", + "

    You get a 35% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.

    ", + "

    You get a 50% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1877" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-buy-buying-your-council-home", + "scenario": "My Aunt lives in a self-contained council house . She has lived there with her young family for 5 years. She made an application to buy the house but her efforts were stopped by the council citing that it's ideal accommodation to house the elderly.", + "question": "Can she make an appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to a tribunal if you\u2019re stopped from buying your home because it\u2019s suitable for housing elderly people.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1878" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-way-open-access-land", + "scenario": "I recently bought a building that comes with a substantial piece of land. It had been deserted for over ten years and people have been using the land to camp on, often making a mess.", + "question": "Do I have the legal right to turf people off my land if they have been using it freely for some long?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Access land includes mountains, moors, heaths and downs that are privately owned. It also includes common land registered with the local council and some land around the England Coast Path.

    ", + "

    There are certain activities you cannot usually do on open access land, including:

    ", + "
  • camping
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1879" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-way-open-access-land", + "scenario": "I am a keen rambler and have been using the same lanes and paths for years. Lately a homeowner has put up a barrier across a favourite path of mine which I know is public access. I have tried to talk to them but they refuse to remove it.", + "question": "What can I do about the fact that I am being illegally prevented from using a public path?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "contact the local council to report a problem", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can walk on all public rights of way.

    ", + "

    Contact the local council to report a problem, for example obstructions, poor maintenance or a misleading sign.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1880" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "scenario": "I am getting married. My surname will be changing to my husband's surname. I want to apply for a new passport before the ceremony.", + "question": "Will I be able to apply for a new passport before the wedding day?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can apply for a passport in your new name up to 3 months before your marriage or civil partnership ceremony.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get a new passport in your new name either before or after the ceremony.

    ", + "

    You can apply for a passport in your new name up to 3 months before your marriage or civil partnership ceremony.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1881" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "scenario": "I was in a bad car accident that required surgery. My face is unrecognisable from the picture on my passport.", + "question": "Will I need to apply for a new passport?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll need to get a new passport to travel abroad or prove your identity if you change any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your appearance, if you cannot be recognised from your passport photo any more (for example, you\u2019ve had plastic surgery)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1882" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions", + "scenario": "I am a mother who is taking a baby on a plane when we leave from the UK. I want to take frozen baby milk on holiday.", + "question": "Am I allowed to take this in the on-board luggage?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can carry breast milk in hand luggage even if you\u2019re not travelling with a baby. You cannot carry frozen breast milk in hand luggage.

    ", + " | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage", + "Frozen breast milk | No | Yes" + ], + "id": "train-1883" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions", + "scenario": "I am going on a performance to Spain from the UK. I am going to be taking my cello with me.", + "question": "Can I take it in my hand luggage?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Contact your airline before you book if you want to travel with a large musical instrument. You may need to make special arrangements, such as buying an extra seat.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact your airline before you book if you want to travel with a large musical instrument. You may need to make special arrangements, such as buying an extra seat.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1884" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/intracompany-transfer-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I am applying for an intra-company visa outside the UK. My employer has transferred me to work in our UK branch office.", + "question": "How long does it take to get a decision after applying?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 weeks", + [] + ], + [ + "get a faster decision", + [ + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Once you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.

    ", + "

    If you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1885" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/intracompany-transfer-worker-visa", + "scenario": "My work colleague has been transferred to the UK branch office from Chile . He will be working as the branch manger for the next 5 years. He wants to make an application for an Intra-company visa.", + "question": "How much money for support should he have upon arriving in the UK?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a31,270", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for 12 months or more
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply for an Intra-company visa, you\u2019ll need to have enough money to:

    ", + "
  • support yourself when you arrive in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself when you arrive in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for 12 months or more
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1886" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/youth-mobility", + "scenario": "Mark is 27 years and lives in Taiwan. He has a degree in Mechanical Engineering. He wants to explore job opportunities in the UK. He is in the process of considering visa options so he can qualify.", + "question": "What is the age limit for one to apply Youth mobility scheme visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "18 to 30", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you:

    ", + "
  • are aged 18 to 30
    • ", + "

    You can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you\u2019re aged 18 to 30 and you\u2019re from:

    ", + "

    You must also be aged 18 to 30 on the date you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    You can also apply if you\u2019re 18 to 30 and a:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1887" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/youth-mobility", + "scenario": "Ann is 25 years and lives in Australia. She wants to work in the UK and is in the process of compiling supporting documents to finalize her Youth Mobility visa application.", + "question": "How much amount of cash should Ann have in her bank account inorder to qualify for this visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a32,530", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you:

    ", + "
  • have \u00a32,530 in savings
    • ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a32,530 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1888" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions", + "scenario": "My husband is a frequent smoker and we will be travelling from Spain to the UK on a flight.He wants to carry his lighter.", + "question": "Where can he put his lighter?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a resealable plastic bag (like the ones used for liquids), which you must keep on you throughout the flight", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can only carry 1 lighter on board. You should put it inside a resealable plastic bag (like the ones used for liquids), which you must keep on you throughout the flight. You cannot:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1889" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions", + "scenario": "My Aunt lives in the UK and is physically disabled and would like to take a flight to Germany .She uses a wheelchair and would like to know more about motility aids.", + "question": "Which Motility aids are allowed in the cabin?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "pushchairs", + [ + "

    Pushchairs, walking aids and wheelchairs are usually allowed in the cabin, but will need to be security screened first.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "walking aids", + [ + "

    Pushchairs, walking aids and wheelchairs are usually allowed in the cabin, but will need to be security screened first.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "wheelchairs", + [ + "

    Pushchairs, walking aids and wheelchairs are usually allowed in the cabin, but will need to be security screened first.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "battery-powered wheelchairs", + [ + "

    For battery-powered wheelchairs or mobility aids check with your airline first.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "mobility aids", + [ + "

    For battery-powered wheelchairs or mobility aids check with your airline first.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Pushchairs, walking aids and wheelchairs are usually allowed in the cabin, but will need to be security screened first.

    ", + "

    For battery-powered wheelchairs or mobility aids check with your airline first.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1890" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minister-of-religion-visa", + "scenario": "My friend John is in the UK on a Minister of Religion visa . He works as a church minister as a voluntary unpaid worker but wants to take a second job. He needs some information.", + "question": "What are the specified areas he can look for a second Job?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the same profession as your main job", + [ + "

    You can take a second job on this visa if you\u2019re working up to 20 hours a week in either:

    " + ] + ], + [ + "a profession on the skilled worker shortage occupation list", + [ + "

    You can take a second job on this visa if you\u2019re working up to 20 hours a week in either:

    " + ] + ], + [ + "unpaid voluntary work", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can take a second job on this visa if you\u2019re working up to 20 hours a week in either:

    ", + "
  • the same profession as your main job
    • ", + "
  • a profession on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list
    • ", + "

    You can also do unpaid voluntary work.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1891" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minister-of-religion-visa", + "scenario": "My friend Marcus is in the process of compiling supporting documents to apply for a Minister of Religion visa. He renewed his passport last year 2020.", + "question": "Which documents can he use to show his past travel history?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a valid passport", + [] + ], + [ + "expired passports", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality - you need a blank page in your passport for your visa
    • ", + "
  • expired passports or travel documents if you need them to show your travel history
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1892" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-retail-schemes", + "scenario": "My family runs a chain of supermarket stores and in most cases we file our taxes late due to improper Tax calculations and record keeping. We need a system which can calculate the VAT applied for goods at the time of sale.", + "question": "Which scheme identifies and records the VAT at the time of sale?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "point of sale scheme", + [ + "

    You can use this scheme if you can identify the VAT rate for goods sold at the time of sale, eg you have an electronic till that does this for you.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "apportionment scheme", + [ + "

    You can only use this scheme if you buy goods for resale.

    ", + "

    Your turnover, excluding VAT, can\u2019t be more than \u00a31 million a year.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    VAT retail schemes can make calculating your VAT simpler. Instead of calculating the VAT for each sale you make, you do it once with each VAT return.

    ", + "

    There are 3 standard VAT retail schemes:

    ", + "
  • Point of Sale Scheme - you identify and record the VAT at the time of sale
    • ", + "
  • Apportionment Scheme - you buy goods for resale
    • ", + "

    You can use this scheme if you can identify the VAT rate for goods sold at the time of sale, eg you have an electronic till that does this for you.

    ", + "

    You can only use this scheme if you buy goods for resale.

    ", + "

    Your turnover, excluding VAT, can\u2019t be more than \u00a31 million a year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1893" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-retail-schemes", + "scenario": "I am a business owner and I have been using the VAT retail scheme to calculate VAT on goods sold. My business has grown and the turnover has exceeded \u00a3140 million.", + "question": "What am i supposed to do?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "leave the scheme immediately", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can leave a scheme at the end of any VAT period. If your turnover rises above \u00a3130 million you\u2019ll have to leave the scheme immediately.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1894" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seasonal-worker-visa", + "scenario": "My Uncle lives in Romania and has received a job offer as a farm worker from a UK employer. He is in the process of applying for a seasonal work visa.", + "question": "If granted, how long will the visa last?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 6 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 6 months.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1895" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seasonal-worker-visa", + "scenario": "My seasonal work visa has been granted . I would like to work as a farm manager in the UK . I would also like to know what else I can do while in the UK.", + "question": "Whatelse can i do in the UK on a seasonal worker visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "study", + [ + "
  • study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • ", + "
  • study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1896" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/collective-group-passports", + "scenario": "Our school youth club is planning a trip to visit one of the EU countries for sightseeing and adventure. We want to apply for a collective group passport. We want to appoint a group leader.", + "question": "What is the recommended age to be a group leader?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "21 or over", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The group leader and deputy leader must:

    ", + "
  • be aged 21 or over
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1897" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/collective-group-passports", + "scenario": "Our school orchestra band is planning a trip to Italy during the summer holiday. We wish to visit different historical sites and museums. We want to apply for a collective passport.", + "question": "How long does it take to get approved?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "6 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.

    ", + "

    It takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1898" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-visa-sponsorship-employers", + "scenario": "I am employer who holds a licence for UK visa sponsorship. We have had a B rating once, and we are wondering whether we can get an A rating again.", + "question": "In what way do we go about getting an A rating?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "follow an \u2018action plan\u2019 provided by uk visas and immigration (ukvi)", + [] + ], + [ + "pay \u00a31,476 for an action plan.", + [] + ], + [ + "pay the fee within 10 working days of the date ukvi tells you about the downgrade", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to follow an \u2018action plan\u2019 provided by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) to upgrade your licence.

    ", + "

    You have to pay \u00a31,476 for an action plan.

    ", + "

    You must pay the fee within 10 working days of the date UKVI tells you about the downgrade. If you do not, you\u2019ll lose your licence.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1899" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-visa-sponsorship-employers", + "scenario": "I am an employer who is looking at applying for a licence to UK visa sponsorship. We are looking at what is required for a licence holder.", + "question": "What will happen if I failed to report the visa problems of my sponsored workers?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your licence may be downgraded, suspended or withdrawn", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • tell UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if your sponsored workers are not complying with the conditions of their visa
    • ", + "

    Your licence may be downgraded, suspended or withdrawn if you do not meet them.

    ", + "

    You must have HR systems in place that let you:

    ", + "
  • report to UKVI if there is a problem, for example if your employee stops coming to work
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1900" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control", + "scenario": "I am travelling to the UK with my child. My child and I have different surnames. I have heard that I may need to prove my relationship with my child.", + "question": "What documents will I need to provide?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a birth or adoption certificate", + [] + ], + [ + "divorce or marriage certificates", + [ + "
  • divorce or marriage certificates if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname from the child
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a letter from the child\u2019s parent", + [ + "
  • a letter from the child\u2019s parent giving permission for the child to travel with you and providing contact details, if you\u2019re not the parent
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be asked at the border to prove the relationship between yourself and any children travelling with you, if you do not seem to be the parent, for example if you have a different surname.

    ", + "

    You can prove this with:

    ", + "
  • a birth or adoption certificate showing your relationship with the child
    • ", + "
  • divorce or marriage certificates if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname from the child
    • ", + "
  • a letter from the child\u2019s parent giving permission for the child to travel with you and providing contact details, if you\u2019re not the parent
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1901" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control", + "scenario": "I am travelling to the UK from India. I want to bring over \u20ac12,000 in cash and some products that I plan to sell in my business.", + "question": "Will I need to declare these items at customs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    What you can bring with you depends on where you\u2019re travelling from. You must declare to customs:

    ", + "
  • goods that you plan to sell
    • ", + "
  • more than \u20ac10,000 (or its equivalent) in cash, if you\u2019re coming from outside the EU
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1902" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-family-visa", + "scenario": "I am a 32 year old who is planning to come to the UK on a family visa, along with my 10 year old son and 34 year old spouse. We have a combined income of \u00a320,000", + "question": "Is our income enough for us to be allowed to the UK on a family visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You might not need to prove you have extra money if your children are citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland and they do not have pre-settled status or are not permanently settled in the UK. Check the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • are not British or Irish citizens
    • ", + "
  • do not have pre-settled status
    • ", + "
  • are not permanently settled in the UK
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You and your partner must have a combined income of at least \u00a318,600 a year if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying as a partner
    • ", + "

    You must prove you have extra money if you have children who:

    ", + "
  • are not British or Irish citizens
    • ", + "
  • do not have pre-settled status
    • ", + "
  • are not permanently settled in the UK
    • ", + "

    You might not need to prove you have extra money if your children are citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland and they do not have pre-settled status or are not permanently settled in the UK. Check the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information.

    ", + "

    If you need to prove extra money for your children, you\u2019ll need to earn an extra:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33,800 for your first child
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1903" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-family-visa", + "scenario": "My family and i have made an application for a visa to the UK. I have managed to collate all our documents and we all speak English as our first language. We are planning on staying in the UK for 32 days and i feel our income of \u00a354,000 per annum allows for this.", + "question": "Would we need to renew our visa during our stay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need a family visa to live with a family member in the UK for more than 6 months.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1904" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa", + "scenario": "I am French former professional footballer, and I am completing a Sports Science doctoral degree at a UK University and have a student visa. I have been offered the job as coach of a local league football team.", + "question": "Can I switch to the Creative and Sporting visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can switch to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if you\u2019re in the UK on a Standard Visitor visa and your sponsor gave you a certificate of sponsorship for this visa before you came to the UK.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1905" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa", + "scenario": "I am a stage manager from Chile and have a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5). I work at a London theatre. I wish for my wife, who is still in Chile, to join me in the UK.", + "question": "Can my wife come to live with me whilst I am working in the UK under my current visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.

    ", + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner
    • ", + "

    You must be able to prove that either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply
    • ", + "

    Your partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.

    ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3285 for your partner
    • ", + "

    You - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1906" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/religious-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I am a worker who has been offered a religious role in the UK. I have received a certificate of sponsorship for my religious worker visa application. I have \u00a315,000.", + "question": "Will this amount of savings be sufficient for my application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1907" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-first-adult-passport", + "scenario": "I have just turned 16 years old, so I am old enough to get an adult's passport. I currently have a British child's passport with three years left on it.", + "question": "Do I need to get an adult's passport now?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use your child passport until it expires, even if you\u2019re over 18.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1908" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-first-adult-passport", + "scenario": "I have turned 18 years old, and my child's passport has just expired. I am a British national who is looking to get an adult's passport. I would like to apply using a paper form.", + "question": "What are the costs involved with this application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a385", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It costs \u00a385. The booklet that comes with the form explains how to pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1909" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/skilled-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I am a doctor from the US who will be getting a job in the UK. The job will be in accounting, and I will receive a salary of \u00a350,000 per year.", + "question": "Will I be eligible for a Skilled Worker visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • work for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK
    • ", + "
  • do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations
    • ", + "
  • your job is eligible for this visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be working for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "

    You must have a job offer from an approved UK employer before you apply for a Skilled Worker visa. Approved employers are also known as sponsors, because they are sponsoring you to come to or stay in the UK.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A Skilled Worker visa allows you to come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job with an approved employer.

    ", + "

    To qualify for a Skilled Worker visa, you must:

    ", + "
  • work for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK
    • ", + "
  • do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations
    • ", + "
  • be paid a minimum salary - how much depends on the type of work you do
    • ", + "

    You must be able to speak, read, write and understand English. You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of English when you apply.

    ", + "

    You must meet all of the following requirements to be eligible for a Skilled Worker visa:

    ", + "
  • your job is eligible for this visa
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be working for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019ll be paid at least the minimum salary for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing
    • ", + "

    The minimum salary for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing is whichever is the highest out of the following 3 options:

    ", + "
  • \u00a325,600 per year
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a325,600 per year or \u00a310.10 per hour, whichever is higher. If the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than both of these, you\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least the going rate.

    ", + "

    You must have a job offer from an approved UK employer before you apply for a Skilled Worker visa. Approved employers are also known as sponsors, because they are sponsoring you to come to or stay in the UK.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.

    ", + "

    You must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to at least level B1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • USA
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1910" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/skilled-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I have been offered a job as a surgeon in the UK and I am planning to move from China. I am eligible for a Skilled Worker visa but it's not on the shortage occupation list. I do not know the cost.", + "question": "How much does it cost to apply for the visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3610 per person", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re applying from outside the UK, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 years - \u00a3610 per person
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a31,220 per person", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re applying from outside the UK, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:

    ", + "
  • more than 3 years - \u00a31,220 per person
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a3704 per person", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re applying from inside the UK to extend, switch or update your visa, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 years - \u00a3704 per person
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a31,408 per person", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re applying from inside the UK to extend, switch or update your visa, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:

    ", + "
  • more than 3 years - \u00a31,408 per person
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply for a Skilled Worker visa, you\u2019ll need to have enough money to:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee - the standard fee ranges from \u00a3610 to \u00a31,408 depending on your circumstances
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from outside the UK, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 years - \u00a3610 per person
    • ", + "
  • more than 3 years - \u00a31,220 per person
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re applying from inside the UK to extend, switch or update your visa, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:

    ", + "
  • up to 3 years - \u00a3704 per person
    • ", + "
  • more than 3 years - \u00a31,408 per person
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1911" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/intracompany-transfer-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I am a German citizen and I work for Microsoft. I have been offered the opportunity to relocate permanently to the UK but I am not sure what steps to take.", + "question": "Do I need an intra company visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    An Intra-company visa allows you to come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job at your employer\u2019s UK branch.

    ", + "

    Otherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    With an Intra-company visa you can:

    ", + "
  • work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1912" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/intracompany-transfer-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I am a 25 year old Australian who has been working in the UK for Starbucks for six months, having previously worked for the same company in Australia three or more years ago.", + "question": "Is it too late for me to apply for an intra company visa as there was a gap between my working for this company in the two countries?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1913" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minister-of-religion-visa", + "scenario": "I am a minister from the US who has been offered a position in the UK. I am fluent in English. I have enough \u00a38,000 in savings to support myself during my time in the UK.", + "question": "Will I be eligible for a Minister of Religion visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you\u2019ve been offered a job within a faith community (for example as a minister of religion, missionary, or member of a religious order) in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "
  • have a certificate of sponsorship for your job
    • ", + "
  • show you can travel and your travel history over the last 5 years
    • ", + "
  • have tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a Minister of Religion visa (T2) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been offered a job within a faith community (for example as a minister of religion, missionary, or member of a religious order) in the UK
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You need to be employed by a licensed sponsor to apply to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    You need to:

    ", + "
  • have a certificate of sponsorship for your job
    • ", + "
  • prove your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • have personal savings so you can support yourself when you arrive in the UK
    • ", + "
  • show you can travel and your travel history over the last 5 years
    • ", + "
  • have tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.

    ", + "

    You will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:

    ", + "
  • USA
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1914" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-visa-sponsorship-employers", + "scenario": "We are a UK recruitment agency and we are currently recruiting employees from In and outside the UK. We provide licenses of sponsorship to the qualified employees.", + "question": "Where can we find groups that do not need a licence of sponsorship?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "irish citizens", + [] + ], + [ + "those with settled or pre-settled status under the eu settlement scheme", + [] + ], + [ + "those with indefinite leave to remain in the uk", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You will not need a licence to sponsor certain groups, for example:

    ", + "
  • Irish citizens
    • ", + "
  • those with settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme
    • ", + "
  • those with indefinite leave to remain in the UK
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1915" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-visa-sponsorship-employers", + "scenario": "I am a UK licensed employer . Covid pandemic has affected my business in the last 18 months and I have made a lot of losses. I can't sustain or retain my employees whom I had sponsored for their work visa.", + "question": "In the current situation, what are the business changes should i report to the UKVI?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "stop trading or become insolvent", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must report any significant changes in your own circumstances within 20 working days, for example if you:

    ", + "
  • stop trading or become insolvent
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1916" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/start-up-visa", + "scenario": "I have what I consider to be a fantastic idea for a start up and would like to move to the UK (from France) in order to give this a try. I am pretty sure that my idea has never been tried before.", + "question": "Assuming that I get permission for the start up visa, how long can I stay in the UK for before my business is a success?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "2 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can stay for 2 years if you either:

    ", + "
  • come to the UK on a Start-up visa
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1917" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/start-up-visa", + "scenario": "My partner, myself and my son have been in the UK for eighteen months whilst my partner works as a contractor here on a seasonal worker visa. I have recently had what I believe is an innovative business idea which we can fund for ourselves. We are very keen on this idea and think it could work very well.", + "question": "We want to switch our visa status to that of start up visa but do not know if this is possible in our situation. Is it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Start-up visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.

    ", + "

    You can apply to switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements.

    ", + "

    You cannot switch to this visa if you have one of the following:

    ", + "
  • a seasonal worker visa
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1918" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-record-keeping", + "scenario": "I started a business 5 months ago and sell lots of products, I have sold over \u00a390,000 worth of products.", + "question": "Do I have to store my VAT digitally?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • your business uses the VAT GIANT service, for example if you\u2019re a government department or an NHS Trust
    • ", + "
  • you apply for an exemption
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    VAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.

    ", + "

    If your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, you must keep a digital record of anything that\u2019s needed for your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    VAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 by keeping some records digitally, unless:

    ", + "
  • your business uses the VAT GIANT service, for example if you\u2019re a government department or an NHS Trust
    • ", + "
  • you apply for an exemption
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1919" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-record-keeping", + "scenario": "I currently own multiple businesses but have yet to make money from any of my businesses, I do not sell a lot of product.", + "question": "How do I store my VAT", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u2018making tax digital for vat\u2019", + [ + "

    VAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.

    ", + "

    If your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, you must keep a digital record of anything that\u2019s needed for your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    VAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.

    ", + "

    VAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 by keeping some records digitally, unless:

    ", + "

    You can choose to sign up to Making Tax Digital for VAT if your business earns less than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    You must sign up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 if your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, so you can:

    " + ] + ], + [ + "on paper", + [] + ], + [ + "electronically", + [] + ], + [ + "as part of a software program", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    VAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.

    ", + "

    You can keep VAT records on paper, electronically or as part of a software program (such as book-keeping software). Records must be accurate, complete and readable.

    ", + "

    If your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, you must keep a digital record of anything that\u2019s needed for your VAT Return.

    ", + "

    VAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.

    ", + "

    VAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 by keeping some records digitally, unless:

    ", + "

    You can choose to sign up to Making Tax Digital for VAT if your business earns less than \u00a385,000.

    ", + "

    You must sign up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 if your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, so you can:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1920" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/skilled-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I am a Greek citizen and am working in a skilled occupation. I have been offered work in a similar occupation in the UK, which would be starting in three months from now.", + "question": "would I be eligible to get a skilled worker's visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • work for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK
    • ", + "
  • do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations
    • ", + "
  • be paid a minimum salary - how much depends on the type of work you do
    • ", + "

    You must be able to speak, read, write and understand English. You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of English when you apply.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To qualify for a Skilled Worker visa, you must:

    ", + "
  • work for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK
    • ", + "
  • do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations
    • ", + "
  • be paid a minimum salary - how much depends on the type of work you do
    • ", + "

    You must have a confirmed job offer before you apply for your visa.

    ", + "

    You must be able to speak, read, write and understand English. You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of English when you apply.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1921" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/skilled-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I have recently been told that I have been grated a skilled worker's visa because of my high level of skills in woodwork and carpentry. I feel completely bewildered by the paperwork and documents required of me, however, and am feeling inclined to cancel the whole thing.", + "question": "where can I some help with the paperwork required here?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "home office checker tool", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019ve read the guidance and you\u2019re not sure if you\u2019re eligible, you can use a Home Office checker tool. You\u2019ll be asked to confirm that you meet all of the eligibility requirements.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1922" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/family-permit", + "scenario": "I am a single EEU citizen who has been living here with my father for the last five years. My father recently died and I am now worried about my immigration status as I have no other relatives here and do not have residency myself.", + "question": "what can I do about it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "apply for an eu settlement scheme family permit", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit if you previously had a right to reside in the UK either:

    ", + "
  • as the family member of an EU, EEA, Swiss citizen
    • ", + "

    You can apply if you lived continuously in the UK as their family member for at least one year immediately before their death.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1923" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government-authorised-exchange", + "scenario": "My friend Lucy is a nurse by profession, she lives and works in Jamaica. She has been selected to come to the UK and work for a period of 5 months in a UK hospital under the authorized Jamaica Nursing Exchange. She is considering staying at the hospital after the completion of this exchange program.", + "question": "Is she allowed to do so?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • take a permanent job
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1924" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control", + "scenario": "I am travelling to the UK from a non EU country.I am an Investor and would like to meet my UK clients and discuss business ventures.", + "question": "How much much money should i declare?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u20ac10,000 (or its equivalent)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    What you can bring with you depends on where you\u2019re travelling from. You must declare to customs:

    ", + "
  • more than \u20ac10,000 (or its equivalent) in cash, if you\u2019re coming from outside the EU
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1925" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control", + "scenario": "I am travelling to the UK from United States with my 5 years old niece. She had gone to visit her grandmother and had a short stay.", + "question": "What do i expect to be asked at the border ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "to prove the relationship between yourself and any children travelling with you", + [ + "

    You may be asked at the border to prove the relationship between yourself and any children travelling with you, if you do not seem to be the parent, for example if you have a different surname.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be asked at the border to prove the relationship between yourself and any children travelling with you, if you do not seem to be the parent, for example if you have a different surname.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1926" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-charity-worker-visa", + "scenario": "My friend Blanca is looking for an unpaid voluntary job in a homeless charity in the UK. She plans to apply for a charity work visa. She wants to know the visa limitations.", + "question": "What are the other requirements of jobs she can\u2019t do with charity work visa in the UK?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "take a permanent job", + [] + ], + [ + "get public funds", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • receive any payment for work
    • ", + "
  • take a permanent job
    • ", + "
  • get public funds
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1927" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-charity-worker-visa", + "scenario": "Dina wants to invite her family to the UK. She is in possession of a Charity work visa.", + "question": "Who fits as a dependant child?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your child under 18 - including if they were born in the uk during your stay", + [] + ], + [ + "your child over 18", + [ + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "child is 16 or over", + [ + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A dependant partner or child is any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay
    • ", + "
  • your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant
    • ", + "

    If your child is 16 or over

    ", + "

    They must:

    ", + "
  • live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)
    • ", + "
  • not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children
    • ", + "
  • be financially supported by you
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1928" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-immigration-application", + "scenario": "I am a Bangladeshi national who is currently applying for indefinite leave to remain in the UK as part of a family reunion scheme. I have no dependants and will be living with my brother in Slough initially.", + "question": "Is it possible to use the NHS without paying the IHS?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll be able to use the NHS without paying the surcharge or getting a reference number if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to enter or remain
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1929" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-immigration-application", + "scenario": "I am a 21 year old Spanish national who is applying for a 3-year student visa to study for a degree at a UK University. I've calculated that I will have to pay the sum of \u00a31410 for IHS surcharges in addition to my visa processing fee, which seems rather a lot to have to pay in one go.", + "question": "Do I have to pay the surcharge before I can complete my visa application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you apply for a visa online, you pay the surcharge as part of the application.

    ", + "

    If you apply for a visa by post, you must pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include your IHS reference number on the application form.

    ", + "

    Your visa or immigration application will be turned down if you do not pay the full amount in this time.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1930" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "scenario": "I have a child that is 10 years old and a student. I have enough money to support my child and myself in the UK. I would like to move to the UK.", + "question": "Will I be able to get a child student visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can only apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa if your child has or is applying for a Child Student visa. Or if they currently have a Tier 4 (Child) visa.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1931" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "scenario": "My child, who is 9 years old, is eligible for a child student visa. I am about to apply for the parent of a child student visa to stay with my child for a year in the UK.", + "question": "What documents are needed to apply for this visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a certified translation of any documents", + [ + "
  • a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "your tuberculosis (tb) test results", + [ + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "evidence that you have a permanent home outside the uk", + [] + ], + [ + "proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child", + [ + "
  • proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a current passport or other valid travel document", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel document
    • ", + "
  • proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have a permanent home outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test
    • ", + "
  • a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1932" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa", + "scenario": "My friend Mark is a music artist from Malta and has been invited to the UK to do a paid performance for 1 week. He also wants to take that opportunity and visit his Aunt who lives in London.", + "question": "How long does Permitted Paid Engagement visa last?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "1 month", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 1 month.

    ", + "

    You must show that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re visiting the UK for no more than 1 month
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1933" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa", + "scenario": "Charlie lives outside the UK and wants to come to the UK to attend a science conference. He is one of the event's guest speakers. He wants to apply for a permitted paid Engagements visa.", + "question": "How much does it cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a395", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A Permitted Paid Engagement visa costs \u00a395.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1934" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-charity-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I am a person who is looking to work at a charity in the UK with an annual income of \u00a323,000. I am looking at my eligibility for the Charity Worker visa. I have a certificate of sponsorship and \u00a35,000 in savings.", + "question": "Am I eligible for the Charity Worker visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) if:

    ", + "
  • you want to do unpaid voluntary work for a charity
    • ", + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • receive any payment for work
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1935" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-charity-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I have a Charity Worker visa and currently live in the UK. I am looking to extend my stay from the original six months.", + "question": "For how long can I extend my visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to a maximum of 12 months", + [ + "

    You can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days", + [ + "

    You can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5).

    ", + "

    You can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1936" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "scenario": "I have just completed transitioning from male to female. My appearance has also changed a significant amount in the eight years since my passport picture was last taken.", + "question": "Do I have to have a new passport picture taken?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll need to get a new passport to travel abroad or prove your identity if you change any of the following:

    ", + "
  • your gender
    • ", + "
  • your appearance, if you cannot be recognised from your passport photo any more (for example, you\u2019ve had plastic surgery)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1937" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "scenario": "I am a thirty year old woman and I am due to be married next year. I will be changing my name when I do. We will go on honeymoon the day after the wedding. The reservation was made under my new name.", + "question": "Can I change the name on my passport after I go?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get a new passport in your new name either before or after the ceremony.

    ", + "

    The name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.

    ", + "

    Get a new passport after the ceremony

    ", + "

    Send your marriage or civil partnership certificate when you apply for a passport in your new name - this includes double-barrelled names.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1938" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/collective-group-passports", + "scenario": "My friends and I have just finished our A Levels and want to go to Europe for a few days to unwind. Some of us have personal passports but most do not. At least five of us would need a collective passport", + "question": "Is five too many people to travel on one collective passport?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The passport is not for families but for groups such as:

    ", + "
  • schools and sixth form colleges
    • ", + "

    You can have between 5 and 50 children on a group passport. If there are more than 50 in the group, you can split the group and apply for 2 or more passports.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1939" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/collective-group-passports", + "scenario": "Some colleagues and I have a collective passport and had intended to go to Prague for the weekend soon. Now one of our members has dropped out.", + "question": "Is it necessary to amend the passport now that one member is not coming with us anymore?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Check your passport when it arrives for mistakes. Children cannot travel if they\u2019re not on the passport.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1940" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-family-visa", + "scenario": "My 71 year old father is coming to live with me for 6 months in the UK. He does not speak English very well. I heard that a test is needed to be done.", + "question": "Will my father need to prove he can speak English?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.

    ", + "

    You do not need to prove your knowledge of English or take a test if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re over 65
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1941" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa", + "scenario": "I am a 37 year old planning on visiting the UK for 6 weeks. I have \u00a310,000 in savings and a valid passport.", + "question": "Am I eligible for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 1 month.

    ", + "

    You must show that:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 18 or over
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re visiting the UK for no more than 1 month
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to support yourself during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1942" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa", + "scenario": "i've been invited to the UK for 3 weeks. I'm 33 and my younger brother would love to join me. he's never been to the UK before and it would be lovely for him.", + "question": "Can I bring my brother along with my application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot:

    ", + "
  • bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you on your application - they must apply separately
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1943" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "scenario": "I am a US citizen and my nine year old son has been offered a place at an Independent school in the UK. I am willing to spend a year in th UK with him. We are financially solvent.", + "question": "My child has a visa already but I need a parent of child visa. Am I eligible?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK
    • ", + "
  • maintain your main home outside the UK
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for a Parent of a Child Student visa you must be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK. The child\u2019s other parent must live abroad, and cannot apply to join you in the UK.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can only apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa if your child has or is applying for a Child Student visa. Or if they currently have a Tier 4 (Child) visa.

    ", + "

    Your child must be aged between 4 and 11 when you apply, and be attending an independent school in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must also:

    ", + "
  • be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK
    • ", + "
  • have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK
    • ", + "
  • maintain your main home outside the UK
    • ", + "
  • plan to leave the UK when your visa expires
    • ", + "

    To be eligible for a Parent of a Child Student visa you must be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK. The child\u2019s other parent must live abroad, and cannot apply to join you in the UK.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1944" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "scenario": "My daughter and I will be spending two years in the UK starting next year. We have all the documents to apply for our visas but we want to know if there will be any hurdles to overcome", + "question": "Are there hidden fees associated with the application process?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3516", + [ + "

    A Parent of a Child Student visa costs \u00a3516.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a3624 per year", + [ + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online application. It usually costs \u00a3624 per year.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa, you must:

    ", + "
  • pay the application fee
    • ", + "
  • pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay
    • ", + "
  • prove that you have enough money to support yourself and your child while you\u2019re in the UK
    • ", + "

    A Parent of a Child Student visa costs \u00a3516.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online application. It usually costs \u00a3624 per year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1945" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-retail-schemes", + "scenario": "I have just bought a new item of clothing and think I have been overcharged by the business. I need to find out how VAT is calculated.", + "question": "How much VAT should I have been charged?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1946" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government-authorised-exchange", + "scenario": "I am applying for an authorised exchange visa. I am looking to do some training in the UK, which is provided by my employer. I have been provided with a certificate of sponsorship, but I have heard I need to have savings.", + "question": "What amount of savings do I need to move to the UK for this visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a31,270", + [ + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months
    • ", + "
  • your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1947" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government-authorised-exchange", + "scenario": "I want to move to the UK to do some work experience. I have a certificate of sponsorship and \u00a315,000 in savings. I am looking to apply for the authorised exchange visa", + "question": "What length of time would I be able to work in the UK?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "12 months", + [ + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 12 or 24 months (depending on the scheme you\u2019re applying for) or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    You can also stay for the length of time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "the length of time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days", + [ + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 12 or 24 months (depending on the scheme you\u2019re applying for) or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    You can also stay for the length of time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 12 or 24 months (depending on the scheme you\u2019re applying for) or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    ", + "

    You can apply to stay in the UK for up to a maximum of:

    ", + "
  • 12 months, if you\u2019re doing work experience
    • ", + "

    You can also stay for the length of time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1948" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/youth-mobility", + "scenario": "I am eighteen and live in the EU. I have recently left school and want to spend a year living and hopefully working in the UK. I have some savings but I do not have enough to support myself for a year. I am not sure what kind of work I would like to undertake.", + "question": "Are there restrictions on what I could do in the UK in my circumstances and if so what are they?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "work in most jobs", + [] + ], + [ + "be self-employed and set up a company", + [ + "
  • be self-employed and set up a company - as long as your premises are rented, your equipment is not worth more than \u00a35,000 and you do not have any employees
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • work in most jobs
    • ", + "
  • be self-employed and set up a company - as long as your premises are rented, your equipment is not worth more than \u00a35,000 and you do not have any employees
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1949" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/youth-mobility", + "scenario": "I am 30 and currently live in the UK with a Youth Mobility Scheme visa. I will be turning to 31 in the next month and I am wondering if I will have to leave the country. My visa won't expire until next year.", + "question": "Do I need to leave the country before I turning to 31?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you turn 31 while you\u2019re in the UK, you can stay for as long as your visa is valid.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1950" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/start-up-visa", + "scenario": "I am 26 and planning on applying for a start-up visa for my new business in the UK. I speak fluent English. I have a valid passport but all the pages are full.", + "question": "Can I use my current passport for my application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [ + "
  • from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:

    ", + "
  • from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein
    • ", + "
  • from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1951" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/start-up-visa", + "scenario": "I'm a 32 year old Australian looking to apply for a start-up visa in the UK. I have \u00a33500 in my account and it has been there for 26 consecutive days.", + "question": "Can i apply for my visa yet?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to have had at least \u00a31270 in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply, or if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than a year and applying to switch to this visa.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1952" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-first-adult-passport", + "scenario": "I am seventeen and a half and am planning on travelling to Europe with school friends shortly after I turn eighteen. I have never held an adult passport, however, and my passport photo is very out of date.", + "question": "What's the procedure for getting an adult passport online?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "start your application", + [] + ], + [ + "ask someone to confirm your identity", + [] + ], + [ + "send your documents", + [] + ], + [ + "attend an interview", + [ + "

    After you apply, you may be asked to attend an interview.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Start your application

    ", + "

    Apply and pay for your passport online.

    ", + "

    Ask someone to confirm your identity

    ", + "

    After you\u2019ve paid and submitted your application, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your identity.

    ", + "

    Send your documents

    ", + "

    After the person you asked has confirmed your identity, you\u2019ll receive an email explaining what documents you need to send and where to send them.

    ", + "

    After you apply, you may be asked to attend an interview.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1953" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-first-adult-passport", + "scenario": "I am in the process, at the age of twenty one, of getting my first adult passport, not having needed one prior to now. As I am in a new location in the UK, however, I do not know how to find somone to verify my identity", + "question": "What sort of people can countersign my application?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1954" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa", + "scenario": "I am a musician, who is well known for his game music. I am looking to move to the UK to work for a video game's company. I have \u00a312,000 in savings, and I will be earning \u00a340,000 for the five months of work.", + "question": "Will I be eligible for a Creative and Sporting visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    You need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.

    ", + "

    The work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.

    ", + "
  • certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • be paid the minimum salary as set by Equity, PACT or BECTU (except for models, musicians or circuses)
    • ", + "

    You need a licensed sponsor to give you a certificate of sponsorship before you can apply to work in the UK.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must apply for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve been offered work in the UK as a sports person or creative worker
    • ", + "
  • you meet the other eligibility requirements
    • ", + "

    A creative worker is someone who works in the creative industry, for example an actor, dancer, musician or film crew member.

    ", + "

    You need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.

    ", + "

    The work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.

    ", + "

    You need all of the following to be eligible for the creative category:

    ", + "
  • make a unique contribution to the UK labour market, for example you\u2019re internationally renowned or are required for continuity
    • ", + "
  • certificate of sponsorship reference number
    • ", + "
  • be paid the minimum salary as set by Equity, PACT or BECTU (except for models, musicians or circuses)
    • ", + "
  • enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)
    • ", + "

    You need a licensed sponsor to give you a certificate of sponsorship before you can apply to work in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.

    ", + "

    You will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1955" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa", + "scenario": "I currently hold a Creative and Sporting visa. I live in the UK and work as an actor for a film company. Filming has been extended by two months due to delays.", + "question": "For how long can I extend my visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to 12 months", + [ + "

    You can extend your visa for whichever is the shortest of:

    " + ] + ], + [ + "the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days", + [ + "

    You can extend your visa for whichever is the shortest of:

    " + ] + ], + [ + "the time needed to extend your stay to the maximum of 24 months", + [ + "

    You can extend your visa for whichever is the shortest of:

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can extend your visa for whichever is the shortest of:

    ", + "
  • up to 12 months
    • ", + "
  • the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days
    • ", + "
  • the time needed to extend your stay to the maximum of 24 months
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1956" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-record-keeping", + "scenario": "I own and manage a chain of garages, offering both fuel and car maintenance and repair services. We have been VAT registered for just over four years, and have now signed up for Making Tax Digital. We are in the process of making the necessary adjustments to our VAT record keeping.", + "question": "How do we go about linking our accounts software to the HMRC system, so that our digital records can be uploaded?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "using formulas to link cells in spreadsheets", + [] + ], + [ + "emailing records", + [] + ], + [ + "putting records on a portable device to give to your agent", + [] + ], + [ + "importing and exporting xml and csv files", + [] + ], + [ + "downloading and uploading files", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you use more than one software package to keep records and submit returns, you need to link them.

    ", + "

    Some ways you can link your software include:

    ", + "
  • using formulas to link cells in spreadsheets
    • ", + "
  • emailing records
    • ", + "
  • putting records on a portable device to give to your agent
    • ", + "
  • importing and exporting XML and CSV files
    • ", + "
  • downloading and uploading files
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1957" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-record-keeping", + "scenario": "I am the finance director of a medium-sized software consulting firm based in Oxford, UK. Because of our diverse client base (medical, healthcare, retail etc) we have to charge a variety of different VAT rates on our services, and the intangible nature of our product can make it difficult to precisely determine the timing of their supply.", + "question": "Is the tax point (time of supply) for VAT on consulting services just the date of the invoice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "VAT invoice issued | Date of invoice" + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "VAT invoice issued 15 days or more after the date of supply | Date the supply took place", + "Payment or invoice issued in advance of supply | Date of payment or invoice (whichever is earlier)", + "

    If you use the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme, the tax point is always the date the payment is received.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The tax point (or \u2018time of supply\u2019) for a transaction is the date the transaction takes place for VAT purposes.

    ", + "Situation | Tax point", + "VAT invoice issued | Date of invoice", + "VAT invoice issued 15 days or more after the date of supply | Date the supply took place", + "Payment or invoice issued in advance of supply | Date of payment or invoice (whichever is earlier)", + "

    The date of supply is:

    ", + "
  • for services - the date the work is finished
    • ", + "

    If you use the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme, the tax point is always the date the payment is received.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1958" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/family-permit", + "scenario": "I am an EU National living in France. I married my British husband and lived together in France since March 2019. I am planning to apply for a family permit to live together in the UK.", + "question": "What is the deadline of applying for an EEA family permit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "30 june 2021", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The EEA family permit is ending on 30 June 2021. You will not be able to apply for one or use it to travel to the UK after then, even if the expiry date on it is later. To come to the UK after 30 June 2021, you might be able to apply for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1959" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/family-permit", + "scenario": "I was granted a pre settled status in the UK under the European settlement scheme in 2020. I would like to undertake further studies, work and settle in the UK permanently.", + "question": "How long can the pre settled status last?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1960" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-immigration-application", + "scenario": "I am travelling to UK using a visitor visa. I want to have healthcare included with this visa that I have applied for.", + "question": "Do I need to pay for healthcare on top of the visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not need to pay if you\u2019re applying for a visitor visa or to remain in the UK permanently.

    ", + "

    You do not need to pay the surcharge or get an IHS reference number if you\u2019re applying for a:

    ", + "
  • visitor visa
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1961" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-immigration-application", + "scenario": "I am migrating to the UK for 5 months. I am looking to add UK healthcare to my visa, but I do not know the costs.", + "question": "What costs should I expect to pay for adding healthcare?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "half of the yearly amount", + [ + "
  • \u00a3470 per year for a student or Youth Mobility Scheme visa, for example \u00a3940 for a 2-year visa
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3470 per year for visa and immigration applicants who are under the age of 18 at time of application
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3624 per year for all other visa and immigration applications, for example \u00a33,120 for a 5-year visa
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3470 per year for a student or Youth Mobility Scheme visa, for example \u00a3940 for a 2-year visa
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3470 per year for visa and immigration applicants who are under the age of 18 at time of application
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3624 per year for all other visa and immigration applications, for example \u00a33,120 for a 5-year visa
    • ", + "

    You\u2019ll pay half of the yearly amount if your application includes part of a year that is less than 6 months.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1962" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seasonal-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I have a temporary job offer in the UK. I appear to be eligible for the Seasonal Worker Visa. I am now looking to apply for this visa.", + "question": "What documents do I need to provide to apply?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your certificate of sponsorship reference number", + [] + ], + [ + "a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality", + [] + ], + [ + "evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the uk", + [ + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your sponsor can support you)
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a certified translation of any documents that are not in english or welsh, apart from your passport.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your sponsor will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your sponsor can support you)
    • ", + "

    You must also provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh, apart from your passport.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1963" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-first-adult-passport", + "scenario": "Marcus is a 30 years old British citizen who wants to travel abroad with a UK passport . He wishes to spend over 5 years but doesn't want his passport to expire while abroad.", + "question": "How long does it last?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "10 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    An adult passport is valid for 10 years.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1964" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-first-adult-passport", + "scenario": "Nathan is 20 years British national . He wants to go for a holiday with a UK passport in United states. He wants to apply online and pay the fee.", + "question": "Can it he apply online?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re in the UK, you can either:

    ", + "
  • apply online - it costs \u00a375.50
    • ", + "

    Apply and pay for your passport online.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1965" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/collective-group-passports", + "scenario": "My son is a British national aged 16 years old.He is a member of a local youth orchestra group and are planning a trip to Spain for sightseeing and some adventures for 14 days.", + "question": "Can he use a school photo for group passport application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • a school photo - as long as it does not have \u2018proof\u2019 written across it
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Each application must include:

    ", + "
  • a collective passport photo identity card for each child
    • ", + "

    You can use:

    ", + "
  • a school photo - as long as it does not have \u2018proof\u2019 written across it
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1966" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/collective-group-passports", + "scenario": "I am the leader of our scout group. I am a British national aged 24 years and live in the UK. We are planning for a trip to France for summer break and would like to apply for a collective passport. Our members are aged between 14 - 17 years.", + "question": "How much does it cost to apply for a collective passport?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a339", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A collective passport costs \u00a339.

    ", + "
  • Send the paper copy with the \u00a339 fee and supporting documents to Collective Passport Applications.
    • ", + "

    Include a cheque for \u00a339, payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Passport Office\u2019, or pay by credit or debit card using the card payment form - use capital letters to fill in the form.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1967" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions", + "scenario": "Jane has a 9 Months old baby and is traveling by flight to Spain for a family visit. She wants to know which liquids are allowed in the hand luggage.", + "question": "Can unfozen milk be put in the hand luggage bag?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Individual containers of breast milk must hold no more than 2,000ml. Each container will need to be screened at the security point. Airport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids.

    ", + "Breast milk | Yes, in containers up to 2,000ml | Yes" + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can carry breast milk in hand luggage even if you\u2019re not travelling with a baby. You cannot carry frozen breast milk in hand luggage.

    ", + "

    Individual containers of breast milk must hold no more than 2,000ml. Each container will need to be screened at the security point. Airport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids.

    ", + "Breast milk | Yes, in containers up to 2,000ml | Yes" + ], + "id": "train-1968" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions", + "scenario": "My friend Mark is a German national and an IT specialist. He wishes to spend a few weeks in England. He works online and wants to carry his laptop and tablet devices .", + "question": "Can he put them in his hand luggage bag?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can only take certain electronic devices and electrical items on flights to the UK.

    ", + "Laptop | Yes | Yes", + "Tablet devices | Yes | Yes" + ], + "id": "train-1969" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-record-keeping", + "scenario": "My UK business is VAT registered and I want to ensure that I capture all the VAT records. I want to know all the documents I should keep for VAT purposes.", + "question": "What records should I keep?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "copies of all invoices you issue", + [] + ], + [ + "all invoices you receive", + [] + ], + [ + "self-billing agreements", + [] + ], + [ + "name, address and vat number of any self-billing suppliers", + [] + ], + [ + "debit or credit notes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Records you must keep include:

    ", + "
  • copies of all invoices you issue
    • ", + "
  • all invoices you receive (originals or electronic copies)
    • ", + "
  • self-billing agreements - this is where the customer prepares the invoice
    • ", + "
  • name, address and VAT number of any self-billing suppliers
    • ", + "
  • debit or credit notes
    • ", + "
  • import and export records
    • ", + "
  • records of items you cannot reclaim VAT on - for example business entertainment
    • ", + "
  • records of any goods you give away or take from stock for your private use
    • ", + "
  • records of all the zero-rated, reduced or VAT exempt items you buy or sell
    • ", + "
  • a VAT account
    • ", + "

    You must also keep general business records such as bank statements, cash books, cheque stubs, paying-in slips and till rolls.

    ", + "

    If you use the Cash Accounting Scheme you must use these records to match them against your payment records and receipts.

    ", + "

    If you supply digital services in the EU and use VAT MOSS, you must keep additional records.

    ", + "

    HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1970" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-record-keeping", + "scenario": "My business is UK VAT registered and I follow the rules for making TAX digital for VAT. I usually keep records of zero-rated goods", + "question": "Do we need to issue an invoices for zero rated sales?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not need to issue a VAT invoice if:

    ", + "
  • your invoice is only for exempt or zero-rated sales within the UK
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1971" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "scenario": "I applied for my newborn baby's UK passport but her name is slightly misspelt and I want it corrected .", + "question": "Can i apply for the error correction?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • change the spelling of your name slightly - for example, Jane to Jayne
    • ", + "
  • change the order of your forenames
    • ", + "
  • remove middle names
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1972" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "scenario": "My husband and I are getting married. We are planning to have our marriage ceremony soon and would like to change my surname to match his. We also want to travel before the ceremony.", + "question": "Can I apply for the new passport?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a passport in your new name up to 3 months before your marriage or civil partnership ceremony.

    ", + "

    Your old passport will be cancelled. Your new passport is \u2018post-dated\u2019 - you cannot use it before the ceremony.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1973" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control", + "scenario": "I am a British national in Pakistan and travelling to the UK under a health and care worker visa. I have been double vaccinated against covid 19 virus. I would like to know the Covid rules and restrictions in England because Pakistan is currently on the red list.", + "question": "What's the rule in England?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you must quarantine in a hotel and take 2 covid-19 tests", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re travelling to England, what you need to do depends on where you have been in the 10 days before you arrive. If you have been in a country or territory on the:

    ", + "
  • red list - you must quarantine in a hotel and take 2 COVID-19 tests
    • ", + "

    You cannot currently enter the UK if you\u2019ve been in or through a country on the red list unless you\u2019re British, Irish or you have the right to live in the UK.

    ", + "

    You must follow these rules even if you have been vaccinated.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1974" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control", + "scenario": "My niece will be coming to the UK under a student visa this month from the United States. She has been double vaccinated and It will be her first time to travel during the covid pandemic.", + "question": "What documents should be shown at the Heathrow Airport?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your passport or identity card", + [] + ], + [ + "your proof of a negative coronavirus (covid-19) test", + [] + ], + [ + "your passenger locator form", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll need to show:

    ", + "
  • your passport or identity card
    • ", + "
  • your proof of a negative coronavirus (COVID-19) test
    • ", + "
  • your passenger locator form
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1975" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-retail-schemes", + "scenario": "My family owns a supermarket store which handles a big number of customers. We need a VAT retail scheme which can make work easier by identifying the VAT rate at the time of sale.", + "question": "How should I calculate the VAT?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "add up all the sales for each vat rate for the vat return period.", + [] + ], + [ + "for 20% rated goods, divide the sales by 6. for 5% rated goods, divide the sales by 21.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    How to calculate your VAT

    ", + "
  • Add up all the sales for each VAT rate for the VAT return period.
    • ", + "
  • For 20% rated goods, divide the sales by 6. For 5% rated goods, divide the sales by 21.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1976" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-retail-schemes", + "scenario": "My father is a business trader and owns a corner store . He plans to use the Point of sale scheme in his business in order to make work easier for him to calculate VAT. He wants to gather more information on how it works.", + "question": "Can he get an example of a workout on how POS scheme calculates VAT?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1977" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-immigration-application", + "scenario": "My friend Lisa is a doctor by profession from the United States.She is eligible for a heath and care work visa. She wants to compile documents and pay all the needed fees.", + "question": "Doe she need to pay for a healthcare surcharge ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might need to pay a healthcare surcharge (called the \u2018immigration health surcharge\u2019 or IHS) as part of your immigration application.

    ", + "

    Whether you need to pay depends on the immigration status you\u2019re applying for.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll be able to use the NHS without paying the surcharge or getting a reference number if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re a health and care worker who is eligible for a Health and Care Worker visa (or you\u2019re their dependant)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1978" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-immigration-application", + "scenario": "I am in the process of applying for my skilled work visa UK . I want to work as a teacher in a UK school.It is indicated that I should pay a health surcharge so that I can access medical treatment while in the UK.", + "question": "How much is the health surcharge fee?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3470 per year", + [ + "
  • \u00a3470 per year for visa and immigration applicants who are under the age of 18 at time of application
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "\u00a3624 per year", + [ + "
  • \u00a3624 per year for all other visa and immigration applications, for example \u00a33,120 for a 5-year visa
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3470 per year for visa and immigration applicants who are under the age of 18 at time of application
    • ", + "
  • \u00a3624 per year for all other visa and immigration applications, for example \u00a33,120 for a 5-year visa
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1979" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registered-traveller", + "scenario": "I am a UK registered traveller from Botswana and I have 30 days left on my membership. I want to add my son to my Registered traveller membership .", + "question": "Is it possible?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • be 17 or under
    • ", + "
  • have an eligible passport
    • ", + "
  • have a visa or entry clearance, if they\u2019re not applying as a visitor
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to add your children to your Registered Traveller membership if you have 29 days or more left on it.

    ", + "

    Your child must:

    ", + "
  • be 17 or under
    • ", + "
  • have an eligible passport
    • ", + "
  • have a visa or entry clearance, if they\u2019re not applying as a visitor
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1980" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registered-traveller", + "scenario": "I am in France and I possess a registered traveller membership. I would like to travel to the UK faster via train.", + "question": "Which are the Eurostar terminals use Registered travellers services?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "brussels", + [] + ], + [ + "lille", + [] + ], + [ + "paris", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use the service at the following Eurostar terminals:

    ", + "
  • Brussels
    • ", + "
  • Lille
    • ", + "
  • Paris
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1981" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/lay-offs-short-timeworking", + "scenario": "I am 25 and have only been in my retail job for five months. I have just been told that there is not enough work for all of the employees and so I am being put on short time. I am unhappy about this as I can't pay my rent now.", + "question": "Is it legal for my employer to have done this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your employer can ask you to stay at home or take unpaid leave if there\u2019s not enough work for you.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1982" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/lay-offs-short-timeworking", + "scenario": "I have been in my job for over a decade and was always previously satisfied with my working conditions and employer. Recently I have been put on short hours though and this is making me angry. I am thinking of quitting my job.", + "question": "What are my rights if I resign over this issue?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get redundancy pay", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must resign to get redundancy pay. The timing is crucial - you have 3 weeks to hand in your notice, starting from:

    " + ], + "id": "train-1983" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bfpo", + "scenario": "I'd like to send a present for my son who is serving in Germany. I Have the BFPO number. I know some items are restricted but I'd love to send him a bottle of scotch.", + "question": "What will happen if I send restricted items to my son?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your whole parcel may be delayed or returned to you", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you send these items, your whole parcel may be delayed or returned to you.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1984" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bfpo", + "scenario": "I'd like to send a message to my nephew who is in Germany. I have heard the INtouch service is no longer available.", + "question": "What is the replacement to the INtouch service please?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "enduring families free mail service (effms)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can send letters using the enduring families free mail service (EFFMS).

    " + ], + "id": "train-1985" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-action-strikes", + "scenario": "I am a 21 year old factory worker and have been in my job for four months. My supervisor is wanting to call a strike for better pay. My co workers are going to strike but I am afraid that I will be sacked if I join as I've been there so short a time.", + "question": "Are there any potential penalities likely to be taken against me if I participate in industrial action?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You could be dismissed for taking part in industrial action if:

    ", + "
  • the union hasn\u2019t held a properly organised ballot
    • ", + "
  • the union hasn\u2019t given the employer the correct notice for balloting members or taking action
    • ", + "
  • the union hasn\u2019t called its members to take action because they think the dispute is settled or action is called by someone who doesn\u2019t have the authority to do so
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s in support of workers taking action against another employer (otherwise known as \u2018sympathy\u2019 or \u2018secondary\u2019 action)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s in support of only employing union members (otherwise known as a \u2018closed shop\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • it breaks any other parts of industrial action law
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you take industrial action, you\u2019ll probably have broken (be \u2018in breach of\u2019) your employment contract and your employer:

    ", + "
  • is unlikely to pay for the work you didn\u2019t do when you took industrial action
    • ", + "
  • can sue you for breaking your contract (this doesn\u2019t happen often)
    • ", + "

    You can\u2019t be dismissed for industrial action if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s called as a result of a properly organised ballot
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s about a trade dispute between workers and their employer (eg about your terms and conditions)
    • ", + "
  • a detailed notice about the industrial action (which is legally required) has been given to the employer at least 7 days before it begins
    • ", + "

    You could be dismissed for taking part in industrial action if:

    ", + "
  • the union hasn\u2019t held a properly organised ballot
    • ", + "
  • the union hasn\u2019t given the employer the correct notice for balloting members or taking action
    • ", + "
  • the union hasn\u2019t called its members to take action because they think the dispute is settled or action is called by someone who doesn\u2019t have the authority to do so
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s in support of workers taking action against another employer (otherwise known as \u2018sympathy\u2019 or \u2018secondary\u2019 action)
    • ", + "
  • it\u2019s in support of only employing union members (otherwise known as a \u2018closed shop\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • it breaks any other parts of industrial action law
    • ", + "

    If you take part in industrial action that breaks the regulations and you\u2019re dismissed, you can\u2019t usually claim unfair dismissal if all employees taking part are dismissed as well.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1986" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-action-strikes", + "scenario": "I run a small business and have been badly hit by Covid. As a result I have had to cut the hours that most of my employees work. Some of them are now threatening industrial action to have their full time hours restored.", + "question": "What are my rights as an employer given that I simply cannot afford to pay full time wages anymore?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1987" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registered-traveller", + "scenario": "I've visited the UK 5 times already this year from Australia and hate waiting around at the airport to be seen by border control. I used to use the Registered Traveller service but can't anymore.", + "question": "Is there another way to speed up my entry into the UK?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "epassport gates", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can no longer use the Registered Traveller service if you\u2019re from Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea or the United States. You may be able to use the ePassport gates instead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1988" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registered-traveller", + "scenario": "Myself and my Husband are Registered Travellers from North America. We have visited the UK many times before and have just applied for our visas. I had a baby last year.", + "question": "Is it possible to add children onto our Registered Travellers membership?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You can apply to add your children to your Registered Traveller membership if you have 29 days or more left on it.

    ", + "
  • have an eligible passport
    • ", + "
  • have a visa or entry clearance, if they\u2019re not applying as a visitor
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to add your children to your Registered Traveller membership if you have 29 days or more left on it.

    ", + "

    Your child must:

    ", + "
  • be 17 or under
    • ", + "
  • have an eligible passport
    • ", + "
  • have a visa or entry clearance, if they\u2019re not applying as a visitor
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1989" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settlement-refugee-or-humanitarian-protection", + "scenario": "I fled from my home country of Somalia earlier this year and have applied for indefinite permission to remain on Humanitarian grounds but my request has been refused and I am distraught", + "question": "What can I do? I really do not want to return to Somalia.", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "stay in the uk for 3 more years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1990" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-state-pension", + "scenario": "I am one month away from reaching state pension age. I have received an invitation letter to claim my state pension. I do not know when I will get paid.", + "question": "What is the payment schedule for State Pension?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your first payment will be within 5 weeks of reaching state pension age", + [] + ], + [ + "every 4 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The new State Pension is usually paid every 4 weeks into an account of your choice. You\u2019re paid in arrears (for the last 4 weeks, not the coming 4 weeks).

    ", + "

    Your first payment will be within 5 weeks of reaching State Pension age. You\u2019ll get a full payment every 4 weeks after that.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1991" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-state-pension", + "scenario": "I am a man who was born on the 20th June 1958. I have been paying national insurance contributions, and I have the maximum qualifying years.", + "question": "What amount of pension will I receive?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3179.60 per week", + [] + ], + [ + "the amount can be higher", + [ + "
  • you have over a certain amount of Additional State Pension
    • ", + "
  • you defer (delay) taking your State Pension
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The full new State Pension is \u00a3179.60 per week.

    ", + "

    The actual amount you get depends on your National Insurance record.

    ", + "

    The only reasons the amount can be higher are if:

    ", + "
  • you have over a certain amount of Additional State Pension
    • ", + "
  • you defer (delay) taking your State Pension
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1992" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker-business-person-settlement", + "scenario": "I am looking to apply for settlement in the UK. I have Turkish nationality, and I moved to the UK with the Turkish Worker visa. I appear to meet all the eligibility specifications, so I am ready to apply.", + "question": "What are the costs involved with an application for settlement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a32,389", + [] + ], + [ + "\u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The application fee is \u00a32,389.

    ", + "

    You also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1993" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker-business-person-settlement", + "scenario": "I have lived in the UK with my husband for six years, who has a Turkish Businessperson visa. I have met the language and English knowledge requirements. I am dependant on my husband. I want to apply for indefinite stay with my husband.", + "question": "Will I be able to apply for indefinite leave to remain?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • have met the knowledge of language and Life in the UK test
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for indefinite leave to remain (settlement) if you\u2019re in the UK on a:

    ", + "
  • Turkish Businessperson visa
    • ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply for settlement.

    ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa if they are:

    ", + "
  • your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 5 years before applying to settle)
    • ", + "

    If your partner is applying for indefinite leave to remain, they must:

    ", + "
  • have been granted leave as your dependant
    • ", + "
  • have lived in the UK with you for a continuous period of 5 years
    • ", + "
  • have met the knowledge of language and Life in the UK test
    • " + ], + "id": "train-1994" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/understanding-your-pay", + "scenario": "I have recently started a part time job with variable hours and the potential for some full time work. I do not know if I am eligible to pay tax on my earnings or not or if so whether it will be deducted automatically", + "question": "If my weekly pay exceeds the limit for not paying tax, will tax be deducted at source?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-1995" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/understanding-your-pay", + "scenario": "I have recently resigned from my full time job at a local boutique. I was told I had nine days of holiday pay due to me and I would have that added to my final pay packet. I feel that I have been underpaid, but I am not totally confident of that.", + "question": "Who should I talk to to find out if I have been cheated without having to confront my employer?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "acas (advisory, conciliation and arbitration service), citizens advice or your trade union representative", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get help to calculate a week\u2019s pay from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or Citizens Advice.

    ", + "

    Speak to your employer first to try to sort out the problem informally.

    ", + "

    If this does not work, talk to Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.

    ", + "

    You have the right to go to an Employment Tribunal to get your money.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1996" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/redundancy-your-rights", + "scenario": "I have been working as a manager in a fast food restaurant for the past eighteen months. I have an exemplary employment record and yet I have just been informed that I have been made redundant with very little notice.", + "question": "I want to protest this. What can I do?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "write to your employer explaining the reasons", + [] + ], + [ + "make a claim to an employment tribunal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal if you feel that you\u2019ve been unfairly selected. Write to your employer explaining the reasons.

    ", + "

    You may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal for unfair dismissal.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1997" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/redundancy-your-rights", + "scenario": "I have been employed by the same company for thirty years and am now in my fifties. I have been informed that the company wants to find people who are prepared to accept voluntary redundancy but I know very little about this process.", + "question": "What is in it for me if I go for voluntary redundancy?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "an early retirement package", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    However, an early retirement package (for certain age groups) could be one element of a voluntary redundancy offer open to all employees.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1998" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/redundancy-your-rights", + "scenario": "I am 30 years old and have been working full time in a food processing company for 5 years. I would like to claim for a statutory redundancy pay.", + "question": "How much can i claim?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "one week\u2019s pay for each full year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll normally be entitled to statutory redundancy pay if you\u2019re an employee and you\u2019ve been working for your current employer for 2 years or more.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were 22 or older, but under 41
    • ", + "

    Your weekly pay is the average you earned per week over the 12 weeks before the day you got your redundancy notice.

    ", + "

    If you were paid less than usual because you were \u2018on furlough\u2019 because of coronavirus, your redundancy pay is based on what you would have earned normally.

    ", + "

    If you were made redundant on or after 6 April 2021, your weekly pay is capped at \u00a3544 and the maximum statutory redundancy pay you can get is \u00a316,320. If you were made redundant before 6 April 2021, these amounts will be lower.

    " + ], + "id": "train-1999" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/redundancy-your-rights", + "scenario": "My friend John has been working full time in a transport company for over 20 years and his employer wants to give him a statutory redundancy notice period.", + "question": "What is the duration of his statutory redundancy notice period?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "12 weeks", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must be given a notice period before your employment ends.

    ", + "

    The statutory redundancy notice periods are:

    ", + "
  • 12 weeks\u2019 notice if employed for 12 years or more
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2000" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/financial-assistance-mobilised-service", + "scenario": "I am a reservist in the army reserves. I have applied for financial assistance, but I have just been declined. Two days have past, and I would like to appeal this decision.", + "question": "When can I make an appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 5 days of you getting the decision letter", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals (RFAT) if your claim for financial assistance has been turned down.

    ", + "

    The tribunal must receive your appeal within 5 days of you getting the decision letter or your application will be rejected.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2001" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/financial-assistance-mobilised-service", + "scenario": "I am an army reservist. I have just appealed a decision that refused me financial assistance. I have heard nothing back about my appeal.", + "question": "What information will I receive if my appeal will be heard?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a case name", + [] + ], + [ + "a case number", + [] + ], + [ + "an address for sending any further letters and documents to the tribunal", + [] + ], + [ + "a hearing date", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll be told straight away when your appeal has been received.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll also be given:

    ", + "
  • a case name
    • ", + "
  • a case number
    • ", + "
  • an address for sending any further letters and documents to the tribunal
    • ", + "
  • a hearing date
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2002" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-first-tier-asylum-support-tribunal", + "scenario": "I have an appeal going ahead and i am wondering about it. English is not my first language and I am scared.", + "question": "Can I get some support with my English at the oral hearing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll present your case to the judge - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The Home Office will present the case against you.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will provide you with an interpreter if you\u2019ve asked for one. They can translate what happens during the tribunal but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2003" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contact-jobcentre-plus", + "scenario": "I am 30 and have just been made unemployed from the job I had had for the past eight years. This is my first time needing to apply for benefits and I do not have any idea what I should do.", + "question": "How can I contact Jobcentre Plus to apply for JSA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "write to your nearest office", + [] + ], + [ + "call jobcentre plus", + [] + ], + [ + "claim jobseeker\u2019s allowance online", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can contact Jobcentre Plus about:

    ", + "
  • new benefit claims
    • ", + "

    You can write to your nearest office by using their address from the local office search. Their address will also be on any letters you\u2019ve been sent.

    ", + "

    Call Jobcentre Plus to claim \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA).

    ", + "

    You can also claim Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance online.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2004" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contact-jobcentre-plus", + "scenario": "I am 34 and recently tried to claim Universal Credit for myself and my daughter, for the first time. I felt that the advisor who I dealt with was both dismissive and rude and felt humiliated by the whole experience.", + "question": "How can I complain about this advisor?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-2005" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contact-jobcentre-plus", + "scenario": "My sister wants to make enquiries at Jobcentre plus about her maternity allowance claims which she receives less last month.", + "question": "Where can she get jobcentre telephone number?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "local office search", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you want to contact your nearest office, you can find their details using the local office search.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2006" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "scenario": "I am about to reach state pension age in one months time. I will reach state pension age on the 20th September 2021. I have been looking at the additional state pension.", + "question": "Will I be eligible for the additional state pension?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You will not get the Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. You\u2019ll get the new State Pension.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2007" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "scenario": "My husband died on the 30th of July 2021. He was born on the 4th October 1945. He was eligible and was receiving an additional state pension.", + "question": "Will I be able to claim any of this state pension as inheritance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2010

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if you remarry or form another civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2016 and reached (or would have reached) State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • you started your marriage or civil partnership on or after 6 April 2016
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your spouse or civil partner dies, you may be able to inherit part of their Additional State Pension. Contact the Pension Service to check what you can claim and how.

    ", + "

    You cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if you remarry or form another civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2010

    ", + "

    This does not apply if you\u2019re a woman who was married to:

    ", + "
  • a man
    • ", + "
  • a woman who legally changed their gender from male to female during your marriage
    • ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016

    ", + "

    You cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if either:

    ", + "
  • your spouse or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2016 and reached (or would have reached) State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016
    • ", + "
  • you started your marriage or civil partnership on or after 6 April 2016
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2008" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/understanding-your-pay", + "scenario": "I am a part-time employee who is getting paid \u00a312 per hour. I have found out that a full-time employee, who is doing exactly the same job, is getting \u00a315 per hour.", + "question": "Should I be getting paid a lower hourly rate than the full-time employee?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a part-time worker, you must get at least the same hourly pay rate as a full-time worker doing a similar job.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2009" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/understanding-your-pay", + "scenario": "I am full-time employee who is due a bonus for productivity. My contract stipulates that if I make \u00a3100,000 of sales in a month, I should receive a 1% of the value over this amount. I have made \u00a3250,000 worth of sales, so I am due a bonus of \u00a32,500. My employer has refused to pay this.", + "question": "What can I do to complain about this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "speak to your employer to see if there\u2019s been a misunderstanding", + [] + ], + [ + "ask them set out in writing how they\u2019ve calculated your pay", + [] + ], + [ + "keep copies of any letters and notes of any meetings", + [] + ], + [ + "get advice from acas (advisory, conciliation and arbitration service), citizens advice or your trade union representative.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you do not get a bonus or commission you\u2019re owed and you think there\u2019s been a mistake:

    ", + "
  • speak to your employer to see if there\u2019s been a misunderstanding
    • ", + "
  • ask them set out in writing how they\u2019ve calculated your pay
    • ", + "
  • keep copies of any letters and notes of any meetings
    • ", + "

    You can get advice from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2010" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/lay-offs-short-timeworking", + "scenario": "I have been on lay-off for eight weeks in a row. I have been working for current employer for 10 years, and I am considering redundancy.", + "question": "Can I apply for redundancy now?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could apply for redundancy and claim redundancy pay if you\u2019ve been laid off without pay or put on short-time and receive less than half a week\u2019s pay for:

    ", + "
  • 4 or more weeks in a row
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2011" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/lay-offs-short-timeworking", + "scenario": "I am an employee who is paid \u00a350 per day. I have been told that I am going to be laid-off by my employer, who I have been working for for 5 years.", + "question": "What amount of pay am I guaranteed during my lay-off?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a330 a day for 5 days in any 3-month period", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019re entitled to guarantee pay during lay off or short-time working. The maximum you can get is \u00a330 a day for 5 days in any 3-month period - so a maximum of \u00a3150.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2012" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "scenario": "My brother is a full time employee and pays income tax. Has also invested in both workplace and personal pension schemes.", + "question": "Can he qualify for a government tax relief?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The government will usually add money to your workplace pension in the form of tax relief if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you pay Income Tax
    • ", + "
  • you pay into a personal pension or workplace pension
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2013" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "scenario": "My daughter is 25 years old and working full time in the UK . She is earning a salary of \u00a316,000 per year.", + "question": "Can she be automatically enrolled to the workplace pension scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your employer must automatically enrol you into a pension scheme and make contributions to your pension if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re classed as a \u2018worker\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re aged between 22 and State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you earn at least \u00a310,000 per year
    • ", + "
  • you usually (\u2018ordinarily\u2019) work in the UK (read the detailed guidance if you\u2019re not sure)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2014" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disciplinary-procedures-and-action-at-work", + "scenario": "I have been told by employer that I will be having a disciplinary hearing. They have not provided me with the reason for this, nor provided me with it in writing.", + "question": "Should my employer be giving me these details in writing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your employer should not take any disciplinary action before meeting with you first and discussing the problem.

    ", + "

    At the hearing your employer should:

    ", + "
  • explain the complaint against you
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2015" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disciplinary-procedures-and-action-at-work", + "scenario": "I have been told that I am going to be suspended due to a colleague's accusation. I have been told that I am not allowed to speak to my colleagues at work, but this will hinder my defence.", + "question": "Will I be able to appeal against this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re suspended, you might be told not to talk to other employees, customers and/or suppliers. If this means you cannot defend yourself properly at a disciplinary hearing, you could make an appeal.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2016" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settlement-refugee-or-humanitarian-protection", + "scenario": "I have been living in the UK for six years as a refugee. I want to apply for settlement. I previously served a six year jail sentence for theft in my previous country.", + "question": "Will I be eligible for settlement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply after 5 years in the UK as either:

    ", + "
  • a refugee
    • ", + "

    Your settlement application may be refused if you\u2019ve got a criminal record or been in prison - read why applications are refused.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2017" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settlement-refugee-or-humanitarian-protection", + "scenario": "I am 16 years of age. I moved to the UK with Humanitarian Protection status. I have received a decision on my asylum claim. In my previous country, I was married to a woman.", + "question": "Will my wife be able to join me in the UK?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your partner or child may be able to join or stay with you in the UK if:

    ", + "
  • you were part of a family before you were forced to leave your country
    • ", + "

    Your partner or child cannot join you if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re under 18
    • ", + "

    Your partner is someone you\u2019re in a genuine relationship with. You must be able to prove one of the following:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re married
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2018" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker-business-person-settlement", + "scenario": "I am a Turkish Business Person holding a visa to reside in the UK. I want my children and their carer, who is a family employee, to join me in the UK.", + "question": "Can my children and their long term carer enter the UK and become a resident?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for indefinite leave to remain (settlement) if you\u2019re in the UK on a:

    ", + "
  • Turkish Businessperson visa
    • ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply for settlement.

    ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa if they are:

    ", + "
  • your child under 21 or in limited circumstances over 21 (including children born in the UK)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2019" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker-business-person-settlement", + "scenario": "I hold a Turkish Business Person visa. I have lived in the UK for 10 years. My estranged husband in Turkey has suffered an accident that has left him requiring 24 hour a day care. I am responsible for his care as his only relative.", + "question": "Can my husband join me in the UK and be granted permanent leave to remain?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for indefinite leave to remain (settlement) if you\u2019re in the UK on a:

    ", + "
  • Turkish Businessperson visa
    • ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply for settlement.

    ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa if they are:

    ", + "
  • your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 5 years before applying to settle)
    • ", + "

    If your partner is applying for indefinite leave to remain, they must:

    ", + "
  • have lived in the UK with you for a continuous period of 5 years
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2020" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/join-trade-union", + "scenario": "My work colleagues and I belong to a trade union and we have work related issues which we need them tacked like low wages, unpaid leave days.", + "question": "Can a trade union do collective bargaining with the employer?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When an employer and a union agree to negotiate on pay, terms and conditions, this agreement is called \u2018recognition\u2019 of the union. The negotiations are called \u2018collective bargaining\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2021" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/join-trade-union", + "scenario": "I am a trade union member. I have been working in my company for more than 10 years. I have been paying union subscriptions. I have a problem at work which I need to be addressed.", + "question": "I need to to know, what are the things do trade union deal with on behalf of its members?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "negotiating agreements with employers on pay and conditions", + [] + ], + [ + "discussing big changes like large scale redundancy", + [] + ], + [ + "discussing members\u2019 concerns with employers", + [] + ], + [ + "going with members to disciplinary and grievance meetings", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A trade union is an organisation with members who are usually workers or employees. It looks after their interests at work by doing things like:

    ", + "
  • negotiating agreements with employers on pay and conditions
    • ", + "
  • discussing big changes like large scale redundancy
    • ", + "
  • discussing members\u2019 concerns with employers
    • ", + "
  • going with members to disciplinary and grievance meetings
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2022" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bfpo", + "scenario": "My estranged brother is serving in the army and I'd very much like to get in touch with him to see if we can reconcile but I do not know where he is serving.", + "question": "How can I contact my brother?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "use the british forces post office (bfpo)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use the British Forces Post Office (BFPO) if you\u2019re sending mail to:

    ", + "
  • serving armed forces personnel and their families
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2023" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bfpo", + "scenario": "My son is serving in the Royal Navy at the moment and I'd like to send him a parcel of his favourite food and drinks but have been told there are limits on what service people can receive.", + "question": "Am I allowed to send these to my son?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot send some items with British Forces Post Office mail, including:

    ", + "
  • alcoholic beverages
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2024" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "scenario": "I am a woman and I was born on exactly April 6th 1951. I have no idea if this means that I should be eligible for the additional state pension or not, given the circumstances.", + "question": "Have I missed out on an additional payment by a day?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You will not get the Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. You\u2019ll get the new State Pension.

    ", + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and started claiming the basic State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get any Additional State Pension you\u2019re eligible for. There is no need to make a separate claim.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2025" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "scenario": "I am 65 and female. I receive the basic state pension. My ex husband and I divorced ten years ago and I have recently learned that before his death he received the additional state pension but did not inform me of this fact. He is fifteen years older than me.", + "question": "Do I have any claim on my ex's state pension, given I did not know he was getting the additional amount?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you get divorced or your civil partnership is dissolved the court can decide that your Additional State Pension should be shared as part of the financial settlement.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2026" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker-business-person-settlement", + "scenario": "I am in the UK on a Turkish worker Visa. I want to settle here permanently. I am planning to apply for indefinite leave to remain.", + "question": "In what cases will my application be refused?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "got a criminal record in the uk or another country", + [] + ], + [ + "provided false or incomplete information to the home office", + [] + ], + [ + "broken uk immigration law", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your application might be refused if, for example, you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • got a criminal record in the UK or another country
    • ", + "
  • provided false or incomplete information to the Home Office
    • ", + "
  • broken UK immigration law
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2027" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker-business-person-settlement", + "scenario": "My friend is applying for indefinite leave to remain for his partner. He is in possession of a Turkish worker visa and he is a business man in the UK.", + "question": "What are the conditions should his partner meet in order to qualify for indefinite leave to remain?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 5 years before applying to settle", + [] + ], + [ + "have been granted leave as your dependant", + [] + ], + [ + "have lived in the uk with you for a continuous period of 5 years", + [] + ], + [ + "have met the knowledge of language and life in the uk test", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for indefinite leave to remain (settlement) if you\u2019re in the UK on a:

    ", + "
  • Turkish Worker visa
    • ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply for settlement.

    ", + "

    Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa if they are:

    ", + "
  • your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 5 years before applying to settle)
    • ", + "

    If your partner is applying for indefinite leave to remain, they must:

    ", + "
  • have been granted leave as your dependant
    • ", + "
  • have lived in the UK with you for a continuous period of 5 years
    • ", + "
  • have met the knowledge of language and Life in the UK test
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2028" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-pension-armed-forces-compensation-tribunal", + "scenario": "My grandfather served in the British Army in 2007 and got serious injuries and lost his right leg. He was given compensation but he is not happy.", + "question": "He wants to appeal to the tribunal. Where can he get appeal forms from?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the veterans uk helpline", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact the Veterans UK helpline and ask for an appeal form to take your case to the tribunal. Fill it in and send it back to Veterans UK.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2029" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-pension-armed-forces-compensation-tribunal", + "scenario": "My mother has appealed against the war pension compensation she received as a widow. It was wrongly calculated and wants to get a tribunal hearing. She would like to know also,", + "question": "Who will present at the tribunal penal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a judge", + [] + ], + [ + "a medical member", + [] + ], + [ + "a service member", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The tribunal is made up of:

    ", + "
  • a judge
    • ", + "
  • a medical member
    • ", + "
  • a service member
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2030" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-pension-armed-forces-compensation-tribunal", + "scenario": "I applied for an Armed Forces Compensation about 3 months ago. I received a letter last week informing me that I have been declined due to insufficient information. I do have some additional documents I can submit regarding my case which I was told not to submit the first time around since I apparently I already had enough proof.", + "question": "Can I directly appeal to the case tribunal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Write a letter to Veterans UK and ask them to reconsider their decision. Explain why you think the decision is wrong and give any information not included in your original claim.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2031" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-pension-armed-forces-compensation-tribunal", + "scenario": "Last month I was declined my War Pension application. I was informed via a letter regarding the decision. Since the letter included little to no factual backing of their decision I decided to appeal to the tribunal but once again I reached a dead end. I do not know why my application was declined and don't seem to be able to reach anyone who can give me that information.", + "question": "Can I ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask the tribunal for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you lose your appeal.

    ", + "

    You can only appeal if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, including if the tribunal did not:

    ", + "
  • give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2032" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/financial-assistance-mobilised-service", + "scenario": "I work as a reservist in a private company and immediately I was called out some of my benefits were stopped such as accommodation and education fees for my dependent children. I would like to appeal.", + "question": "Who can I ask for legal advice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your legal representative", + [] + ], + [ + "a lawyer", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact RFAT or your legal representative if you have any questions about appealing. RFAT cannot give you legal advice.

    ", + "

    You can find legal advice, including from a lawyer.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2033" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/financial-assistance-mobilised-service", + "scenario": "I am an employer who had employed two army reservists and they were called out. I have incurred losses in undertaking new advertisements and replacements. I had also committed a lot of money in training and uniforms. My claim for financial assistance has been turned down.", + "question": "If i appeal when i can get a tribunal decision after an hearing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at the end of the hearing", + [] + ], + [ + "within 1 month", + [ + "

    If a decision\u2019s not made at the hearing, you\u2019ll get a letter telling you the decision within 1 month. This is known as a \u2018reserved\u2019 decision.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get a decision at the end of the hearing. You\u2019ll also get a written copy sent to you.

    ", + "

    If a decision\u2019s not made at the hearing, you\u2019ll get a letter telling you the decision within 1 month. This is known as a \u2018reserved\u2019 decision.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2034" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bfpo", + "scenario": "My uncle is in Afghanistan serving in the British Army. I would like to send him a 10 kg parcel via parcelforce.", + "question": "How much does it cost to send the parcel?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a313.45", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The cost of using British Forces Post Office (BFPO) depends on the size and weight of the letter or parcel you\u2019re sending.

    ", + "

    There are certain size and weight restrictions depending on which service you choose and where you\u2019re sending your parcel.

    ", + "Maximum weight | Cost", + "10kg | \u00a313.45" + ], + "id": "train-2035" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/indefinite-leave-to-remain-innovator-visa", + "scenario": "I moved to the UK three years ago on an innovator visa. The limited company that I started with \u00a3100,000 of investment has grown to \u00a3500,000 per year. I am looking to apply for indefinite leave to remain, and I am considering the endorsements required.", + "question": "Will this satisfy the endorsement requirments?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • registered with Companies House, and you\u2019re either the director or a member
    • ", + "
  • currently trading, and be able to continue for at least the next 12 months
    • ", + "
  • doubled the number of customers in the last 3 years - and this number is higher than the average for similar businesses
    • ", + "
  • applied for intellectual property protection in the UK
    • ", + "
  • made \u00a31 million revenue in the last full year covered by accounts
    • ", + "
  • made \u00a3500,000 revenue in the last full year covered by accounts, with \u00a3100,000 of this from exporting overseas
    • ", + "
  • created the equivalent of 10 full-time jobs that have existed for 12 months
    • ", + "
  • created the equivalent of 5 full-time jobs that have existed for 12 months, with an average salary of \u00a325,000 a year
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must be actively managing and developing the business.

    ", + "

    Your business must be:

    ", + "
  • registered with Companies House, and you\u2019re either the director or a member
    • ", + "
  • currently trading, and be able to continue for at least the next 12 months
    • ", + "

    Your business must have done 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • had \u00a350,000 of investment, which you\u2019ve spent on developing the business
    • ", + "
  • doubled the number of customers in the last 3 years - and this number is higher than the average for similar businesses
    • ", + "
  • applied for intellectual property protection in the UK
    • ", + "
  • made \u00a31 million revenue in the last full year covered by accounts
    • ", + "
  • made \u00a3500,000 revenue in the last full year covered by accounts, with \u00a3100,000 of this from exporting overseas
    • ", + "
  • created the equivalent of 10 full-time jobs that have existed for 12 months
    • ", + "
  • created the equivalent of 5 full-time jobs that have existed for 12 months, with an average salary of \u00a325,000 a year
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2036" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/indefinite-leave-to-remain-innovator-visa", + "scenario": "I have stayed in the UK for five years with an innovator visa. I have received the endorsement required. I am now 24 years old, and I am looking to apply for indefinite leave to remain.", + "question": "Are there any other things I need to do for my application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "pass the life in the uk test", + [] + ], + [ + "spent no more than 180 days outside the uk in any 12 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must have:

    ", + "
  • lived in the UK for 3 years using an Innovator visa - you cannot include time spent in the UK using any other visa
    • ", + "
  • a new endorsement that shows you\u2019ve met the requirements for growing your business
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re 18 to 64 you must pass the Life in the UK Test.

    ", + "

    You must have spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2037" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/understanding-your-pay", + "scenario": "My name is Johnny. I am sixteen and just started my first job. It's all very new to me. I am looking forward to my first pay day.", + "question": "What should be on my payslip?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your earnings before and after any deductions", + [] + ], + [ + "the amount of any deductions that may change each time you\u2019re paid", + [] + ], + [ + "the number of hours you worked", + [ + "
  • the number of hours you worked, if your pay varies depending on time worked
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re an employee or \u2018worker\u2019 (not a contractor or freelancer), you have the right to a payslip, which shows:

    ", + "
  • your earnings before and after any deductions
    • ", + "
  • the amount of any deductions that may change each time you\u2019re paid, for example tax and National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • the number of hours you worked, if your pay varies depending on time worked
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2038" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registered-traveller", + "scenario": "I am 22 years old. I am travelling to the UK for the fifth time in 24 months for a visit. I have been approved for a UK visa. I hold an Argentinian passport.", + "question": "Will I be eligible for the Registered Traveller membership?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To apply for Registered Traveller membership, you must be 18 or older and have an eligible passport.

    ", + "

    You must also either:

    ", + "
  • have a UK visa or entry clearance
    • ", + "
  • have visited the UK at least 4 times in the last 24 months
    • ", + "

    Argentina, Belize, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2039" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registered-traveller", + "scenario": "I travel to the UK ten times per year. I currently hold a Registered Traveller membership, which is about to expire. I am looking to extend this for another year.", + "question": "What are the costs of extending the membership?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a350", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It costs \u00a350 to renew your Registered Traveller membership for another year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2040" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/financial-assistance-mobilised-service", + "scenario": "I am a consultant surgeon employed by the NHS, with a small private practice. I am also an armed forces reservist, and last year was called up for a three month tour of duty overseas with the DMS. I applied for the maximum \u00a3822 a day support, but this was declined on the grounds that income from my private practice could not be satisfactorily established.", + "question": "If I appeal to the RFAT, what documentation do I need to provide?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing", + [] + ], + [ + "all documents that were part of your original application", + [] + ], + [ + "any relevant documents that were not part of your original application and the reasons why they were not included", + [] + ], + [ + "a letter called a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Write a letter called a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 to the Secretary of Tribunals.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll need to include:

    ", + "
  • a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing
    • ", + "
  • all documents that were part of your original application
    • ", + "
  • any relevant documents that were not part of your original application and the reasons why they were not included
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2041" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/financial-assistance-mobilised-service", + "scenario": "I am a self-employed painter and decorator, one of three members of an LLP along with my brother and nephew. I am also an army reservist, and two years ago was called up for a six month tour of duty overseas. This imposed considerable costs on my business, requiring the training of an apprentice which I unsuccessfully claimed for financial assistance with.", + "question": "Can I appeal further if they decide against my appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • new evidence becomes available
    • ", + "
  • the Secretary of Tribunals made a mistake in the proceedings
    • ", + "
  • someone had the right to attend the hearing but could not, and had a valid reason for doing so
    • ", + "
  • something else has gone wrong that\u2019s made the process or decision unfair (known as a review \u2018in the interests of justice\u2019)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot appeal if you lose the case.

    ", + "

    In exceptional circumstances, you may be able to ask for the tribunal to review its decision, for example if:

    ", + "
  • new evidence becomes available
    • ", + "
  • the Secretary of Tribunals made a mistake in the proceedings
    • ", + "
  • someone had the right to attend the hearing but could not, and had a valid reason for doing so
    • ", + "
  • something else has gone wrong that\u2019s made the process or decision unfair (known as a review \u2018in the interests of justice\u2019)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2042" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "scenario": "Hello chief! I retired in 2015 after a lifetime on the railways. Part of my service might have been contracted out.", + "question": "Does being contracted out affect the additional state pension?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    While you were a member of a contracted-out workplace pension you did not contribute to the Additional State Pension. In some cases, you could get the Second State Pension even if you did not contribute, for example if your earnings were low.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    While you were a member of a contracted-out workplace pension you did not contribute to the Additional State Pension. In some cases, you could get the Second State Pension even if you did not contribute, for example if your earnings were low.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2043" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "scenario": "My husband died on 14 July 2021 when he was 73 years old. He received the SERPS. Now that I am a widow I need some help.", + "question": "Am I entitled to receive my husbands benefits? If so, how much can I inherit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "90%", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your spouse or civil partner dies, you may be able to inherit part of their Additional State Pension. Contact the Pension Service to check what you can claim and how.

    ", + "

    The maximum you can inherit depends on when your spouse or civil partner died.

    ", + "

    If they died on or after 6 October 2002, the maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit depends on their date of birth.

    ", + "Man\u2019s date of birth | Woman\u2019s date of birth | Maximum % of SERPS and State Pension top up you can inherit", + "6 October 1937 to 5 October 1939 | 6 October 1942 to 5 October 1944 | 90%" + ], + "id": "train-2044" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-action-strikes", + "scenario": "I am employer. Some of my employees have decided to go on strike about working hours. They have setup a picket that is blocking me, and some of my other employees, from entering the office.", + "question": "Are they allowed to block me from entering my work premises?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A picket line is where workers and union reps (\u2018picketers\u2019 or \u2018pickets\u2019) stand outside a workplace to tell other people why they are striking. Pickets may also ask people not to:

    ", + "
  • do some of their usual work
    • ", + "
  • go into work
    • ", + "

    Pickets must not prevent people from going to work or doing their usual work if they want to do so.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s a criminal offence for pickets to:

    ", + "
  • block people or vehicles trying to get into the workplace which is on strike (called \u2018causing an obstruction\u2019 by police)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2045" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-action-strikes", + "scenario": "I have joined a strike with my other employees. This strike came as a result of a properly organised ballet. The strike is about low wages being paid by our employer. I have just received notice for my dismissal from my employer.", + "question": "Can my employer dismiss me for this strike action?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can\u2019t be dismissed for industrial action if:

    ", + "
  • it\u2019s called as a result of a properly organised ballot
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2046" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-pension-armed-forces-compensation-tribunal", + "scenario": "I was discharged from the army after ten years of service on the grounds of mental health problems. I was awarded a small sum on discharge but was told I am not eligible for a pension.", + "question": "Can I appeal this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber) if you disagree with a decision about your war pension or compensation.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2047" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-pension-armed-forces-compensation-tribunal", + "scenario": "I am a Nepalese citizen who spent twenty years as a Ghurka with the British army. On my retirement I received a small pension but no lump sum. I feel that as a UK soldier I would have received a small payment on retirement.", + "question": "Can I claim a lump sum retrospectively?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-2048" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-removal-centre", + "scenario": "I am looking to visit my brother, who has been put in an immigration removal centre. This immigration removal centre is in Lincolnshire, but I do not know the address.", + "question": "What is the address to the Lincolnshire immigration removal centre?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-2049" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-removal-centre", + "scenario": "I am going to be visiting my cousin, who has been put into an immigration removal centre in Brook House, Gatwick. I have been told that I need to bring identity. ", + "question": "I don't have my passport or a driving licence. Can I bring my employer's ID to verify my identity?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ], + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • birth or marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • rail or bus pass with photo
    • ", + "
  • young person\u2019s proof of age card
    • ", + "
  • trade union membership card
    • ", + "
  • older person\u2019s bus pass
    • ", + "
  • benefits book
    • ", + "
  • application registration card (ARC)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Or you can bring 2 of the following:

    ", + "
  • birth or marriage certificate
    • ", + "
  • rail or bus pass with photo
    • ", + "
  • employer\u2019s ID or student card with photo
    • ", + "
  • young person\u2019s proof of age card
    • ", + "
  • trade union membership card
    • ", + "
  • older person\u2019s bus pass
    • ", + "
  • benefits book
    • ", + "
  • application registration card (ARC)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2050" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-action-strikes", + "scenario": "I belong to a trade union and we have tabled our grievances since last years. The majority of workers seem to be in their comfort zones but the minorities are suffering especially those in low grades.", + "question": "When can a trade union call for an industrial action?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "if a majority of its members involved support it in a properly organised postal vote", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Industrial action happens when trade union members are in a dispute with their employers that can\u2019t be solved through negotiations.

    ", + "

    A trade union can only call for industrial action if a majority of its members involved support it in a properly organised postal vote - called a \u2018ballot\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2051" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-action-strikes", + "scenario": "We are in dispute with our employer due to poor working conditions and lack of promotions.Employees who are union members have agreed to do mass picketing and block the main public highway and bring the traffic to a halt.", + "question": "Can the police stop us?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    Police have special powers to stop a mass picket if they think there\u2019s a danger of:

    ", + "
  • serious public disorder (like a riot)
    • ", + "
  • serious damage to property
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Police have special powers to stop a mass picket if they think there\u2019s a danger of:

    ", + "
  • serious public disorder (like a riot)
    • ", + "
  • serious damage to property
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2052" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-removal-centre", + "scenario": "I am a Syrian citizen who has relocated to the UK. I have just learned that some close relatives have arrived and are being held in an immigration holding centre and would like to visit them but do not know which one it is.", + "question": "How do I locate my relatives?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-2053" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-removal-centre", + "scenario": "I have been told that my brother in law is being held in a short term holding centre in Bedfordshire.", + "question": "When can I visit them?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "2pm to 5pm and 6pm to 9pm each day", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 5pm and 6pm to 9pm each day.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2054" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/join-trade-union", + "scenario": "I am an employee at a school. I am a teacher who is looking to join a union, but I do not know whether they have any costs.", + "question": "Will I have to pay to become part of a trade union?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your union will charge a union membership fee (\u2018membership sub\u2019) to finance the work of the union. This can be the same amount for all employees or based on how much you\u2019re paid.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2055" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/join-trade-union", + "scenario": "I have joined a trade union. My employer has told me that they will offer me a bonus if I were to leave this union.", + "question": "Is my employer allowed to do this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your employer is not allowed to:

    ", + "
  • offer you a benefit to leave a trade union
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2056" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal", + "scenario": "I have been working part time in a local general store. I have been there for three years. I was recently dismissed as the owner wanted to give my job to a young relative of theirs. I was told I was not eligible for notice as I was only part time.", + "question": "I feel that this is grossly unfair. Can I make an official complaint?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019ve been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you can normally go to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    You must have worked for your employer for a minimum period before you qualify for the right to claim unfair dismissal at a tribunal. If you\u2019re classed as an employee and started your job:

    ", + "
  • on or after 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 2 years
    • ", + "
  • before 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 1 year
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2057" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal", + "scenario": "I am a PA and for the last two years have been receiving treatment for skin cancer. This has involved a lot of time off work, which I do not feel is my fault. I have just received a notice of dismissal on the grounds of 'constant absenteeism'", + "question": "As I clearly am not responsible for the state of my health, can I take legal action against my employer?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have a disability (which may include long-term illness), your employer has a legal duty to support disability in the workplace.

    ", + "

    Situations when your dismissal is likely to be unfair include if you:

    ", + "
  • asked for flexible working
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you can normally go to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    You must have worked for your employer for a minimum period before you qualify for the right to claim unfair dismissal at a tribunal. If you\u2019re classed as an employee and started your job:

    ", + "
  • on or after 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 2 years
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2058" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal", + "scenario": "My friend has been forced to leave his work due to unfair treatment by his employer. The employer suddenly changed his day shifts to night shifts without informing him and promoting other work colleagues and demoting him.", + "question": "Can my friend sue his employer for a constructive dismissal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • on or after 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 2 years
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Constructive dismissal is when you\u2019re forced to leave your job against your will because of your employer\u2019s conduct.

    ", + "

    The reasons you leave your job must be serious, for example, they:

    ", + "
  • force you to accept unreasonable changes to how you work - for example, tell you to work night shifts when your contract is only for day work
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019ve been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you can normally go to an employment tribunal.

    ", + "

    You must have worked for your employer for a minimum period before you qualify for the right to claim unfair dismissal at a tribunal. If you\u2019re classed as an employee and started your job:

    ", + "
  • on or after 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 2 years
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2059" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal", + "scenario": "My brother has been working for 5 years in a transport company.He was involved in a fight with a fellow work colleague and was given a summary dismissal.", + "question": "Is the employer justified to give him a dismissal without a notice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You must be given at least the notice stated in your contract or the statutory minimum notice period, whichever is longer.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    There are some situations where you can be dismissed immediately - for example, for violence.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Dismissal is when your employer ends your employment - they do not always have to give you notice.

    ", + "

    You must be given at least the notice stated in your contract or the statutory minimum notice period, whichever is longer.

    ", + "

    There are some situations where you can be dismissed immediately - for example, for violence.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2060" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contact-jobcentre-plus", + "scenario": "I have been made redundant by my employer. I have been looking for work, and now I want to make a claim at the Job Centre.", + "question": "What number do I call to make a claim?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-2061" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contact-jobcentre-plus", + "scenario": "I have been claiming benefits from Job Seekers Allowance whilst I looked for a job. I have no got a new job, and I am seeing whether I need to inform the Job Centre.", + "question": "How do I inform the Jobcentre about my new job?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "call the appropriate number for your benefit", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Call the appropriate number for your benefit to:

    ", + "
  • tell the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) about a change in your circumstances, for example if you start working or your income changes
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2062" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/lay-offs-short-timeworking", + "scenario": "I have been laid off for almost 4 weeks now by my employer citing low business season.I have been getting less than a half of my weekly wages. My family is struggling financially. I want to claim for a redundancy pay.", + "question": "When is the right time to write to the employer and claim redundancy pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "4 or more weeks in a row", + [] + ], + [ + "6 or more weeks in a 13-week period", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could apply for redundancy and claim redundancy pay if you\u2019ve been laid off without pay or put on short-time and receive less than half a week\u2019s pay for:

    ", + "
  • 4 or more weeks in a row
    • ", + "
  • 6 or more weeks in a 13-week period
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2063" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/lay-offs-short-timeworking", + "scenario": "My friend Lisa has been laid off from work by her employer. She is struggling to make ends meet and would like to claim benefits.", + "question": "What are the benefits she can claim?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "guarantee pay", + [ + "
  • have been employed continuously for 1 month (includes part-time workers)
    • ", + "
  • reasonably make sure you\u2019re available for work
    • ", + "
  • not refuse any reasonable alternative work (including work not in your contract)
    • ", + "
  • not have been laid off because of industrial action
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "redundancy pay", + [ + "

    You could apply for redundancy and claim redundancy pay if you\u2019ve been laid off without pay or put on short-time and receive less than half a week\u2019s pay for:

    ", + "
  • 4 or more weeks in a row
    • ", + "
  • 6 or more weeks in a 13-week period
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "universal credit", + [] + ], + [ + "\u2018new style\u2019 jobseeker\u2019s allowance", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019re entitled to guarantee pay during lay off or short-time working. The maximum you can get is \u00a330 a day for 5 days in any 3-month period - so a maximum of \u00a3150.

    ", + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • have been employed continuously for 1 month (includes part-time workers)
    • ", + "
  • reasonably make sure you\u2019re available for work
    • ", + "
  • not refuse any reasonable alternative work (including work not in your contract)
    • ", + "
  • not have been laid off because of industrial action
    • ", + "

    You could apply for redundancy and claim redundancy pay if you\u2019ve been laid off without pay or put on short-time and receive less than half a week\u2019s pay for:

    ", + "
  • 4 or more weeks in a row
    • ", + "
  • 6 or more weeks in a 13-week period
    • ", + "

    You might be able to get Universal Credit or \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (or both) while you\u2019re laid off or on short-time.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2064" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settlement-refugee-or-humanitarian-protection", + "scenario": "A friend of mine got refugee status in the UK and has his refugee residence card. He is worried about applying for a full citizenship or any type of settlement scheme since he and his family are not financially stable in the UK yet.", + "question": "Will he have to pay any fees to apply for settlement under these circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person who\u2019s been given humanitarian protection.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2065" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settlement-refugee-or-humanitarian-protection", + "scenario": "A friend of mine and his family want to apply for settlement as refugees. We have been friends for about 2 years now and his family has been living in the UK for the past 7 or so years.", + "question": "Are they eligible to apply for settlement as refugees?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    You may be able to include your partner and any children on your settlement application if they\u2019re already in the UK as your dependants. This includes children born in the UK.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve got a residence card as a:

    ", + "
  • refugee
    • ", + "

    You may be able to include your partner and any children on your settlement application if they\u2019re already in the UK as your dependants. This includes children born in the UK.

    ", + "

    You can apply after 5 years in the UK as either:

    ", + "
  • a refugee
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2066" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disciplinary-procedures-and-action-at-work", + "scenario": "My friend has been having personal issues which have affected his work. His employer has warned him several times. He also fought with a colleague at workplace. Has been called for a hearing and the employer promised to take action.", + "question": "Can one of these actions involve dismissal from work?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-2067" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disciplinary-procedures-and-action-at-work", + "scenario": "My work colleague shared a classified company data with our business competitor. Our employer has called for a disciplinary hearing.", + "question": "What will the employer be expected to do during the hearing?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-2068" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/redundancy-your-rights", + "scenario": "My employer is going to be making people redundant due to financial issues. I have heard that I may be one of the people chosen for redundancy. I have worked five years for my employer.", + "question": "What length of notice will I be given?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "one week\u2019s notice for each year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must be given a notice period before your employment ends.

    ", + "

    The statutory redundancy notice periods are:

    ", + "
  • one week\u2019s notice for each year if employed between 2 and 12 years
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2069" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/redundancy-your-rights", + "scenario": "I have been told that I am going to be made redundant due to the closure of my department. I have worked for my employer for 10 years.", + "question": "What amount of redundancy pay should I receive?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "half a week\u2019s pay for each full year", + [ + "
  • half a week\u2019s pay for each full year you were under 22
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "one week\u2019s pay for each full year", + [ + "
  • one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were 22 or older, but under 41
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year", + [ + "
  • one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were 41 or older
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll normally be entitled to statutory redundancy pay if you\u2019re an employee and you\u2019ve been working for your current employer for 2 years or more.

    ", + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • half a week\u2019s pay for each full year you were under 22
    • ", + "
  • one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were 22 or older, but under 41
    • ", + "
  • one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were 41 or older
    • ", + "

    Your weekly pay is the average you earned per week over the 12 weeks before the day you got your redundancy notice.

    ", + "

    If you were paid less than usual because you were \u2018on furlough\u2019 because of coronavirus, your redundancy pay is based on what you would have earned normally.

    ", + "

    If you were made redundant on or after 6 April 2021, your weekly pay is capped at \u00a3544 and the maximum statutory redundancy pay you can get is \u00a316,320. If you were made redundant before 6 April 2021, these amounts will be lower.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2070" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/indefinite-leave-to-remain-innovator-visa", + "scenario": "I am 25 and have been in the UK for four years on an innovator visa. I am an American citizen. I am single and have no children. I would very much like to remain in the UK.", + "question": "Is it possible for me to get indefinite leave to remain?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • a new endorsement that shows you\u2019ve met the requirements for growing your business
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re 18 to 64 you must pass the Life in the UK Test.

    ", + "

    You must have spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be eligible for indefinite leave to remain if you have an Innovator visa.

    ", + "

    You must have:

    ", + "
  • lived in the UK for 3 years using an Innovator visa - you cannot include time spent in the UK using any other visa
    • ", + "
  • a new endorsement that shows you\u2019ve met the requirements for growing your business
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re 18 to 64 you must pass the Life in the UK Test.

    ", + "

    You must have spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2071" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/indefinite-leave-to-remain-innovator-visa", + "scenario": "I am hoping to get indefinite leave to remain in the UK due to the fact that I am temporarily here on an innovator's visa. I am a scientist and my immediate supervisor at my employment is offering to endorse my application.", + "question": "Will my supervisor's endorsement make any difference to my chance of success?", + "not_answerable": true, + "answers": [], + "evidences": [], + "id": "train-2072" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-removal-centre", + "scenario": "A family friend Martin has been detained at ColnBrook Middlesex. He was claiming asylum and we would like to visit him.", + "question": "What are the visiting hours?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "2pm to 9pm each day", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Visiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2073" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-removal-centre", + "scenario": "I am a solicitor representing a client who has been detained at Yarl wood and is waiting for deportation to Jamaica. I would like to get in touch with him.", + "question": "What should i bring with me during the visit?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "photo id", + [] + ], + [ + "utility bill showing your name and address", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must bring the following:

    ", + "
  • photo ID (passport or driving licence)
    • ", + "
  • utility bill showing your name and address
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2074" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/join-trade-union", + "scenario": "I have just started my first job in a factory and have heard talk amongst the other workers about the unions they belong to and the rights that they have due to these unions.", + "question": "Who should I talk to to see if I'm eligible for joining the union?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the union rep", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The union rep will tell you if you\u2019re eligible to join and give you a membership form to fill in.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2075" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/join-trade-union", + "scenario": "I am a primary school teacher and have been in my job for two years. I am aware that there are a number of teaching unions and so far I have resisted joining any as I am not sure which I should join.", + "question": "How do I decide which union is best for me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "ask the trade union representative", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If there\u2019s a union at work, you can ask the trade union representative (\u2018rep\u2019) about joining. Their contact details may be in your company handbook, intranet site or on the union noticeboard.

    ", + "

    The union rep will tell you if you\u2019re eligible to join and give you a membership form to fill in.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2076" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/indefinite-leave-to-remain-innovator-visa", + "scenario": "I would like to apply for an indefinite leave to remain from an innovator visa. I run a software company in the UK and reach out to more international clientele.", + "question": "How much does the application cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a32,389 for each person applying", + [] + ], + [ + "\u00a319.20 per person to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    It costs \u00a32,389 for each person applying. You can include your partner and children on the same application form, if they\u2019re eligible.

    ", + "

    You also need to pay \u00a319.20 per person to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2077" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/indefinite-leave-to-remain-innovator-visa", + "scenario": "I live in the UK on an innovator visa. I run a transport company and I would like to hire 5 drivers with Full UK driving licenses.", + "question": "Which group of people should i hire?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a british citizen", + [] + ], + [ + "an eea citizen who was living in the uk and working for you by 31 december 2020", + [] + ], + [ + "a commonwealth citizen with a uk ancestry visa", + [] + ], + [ + "someone with indefinite leave to remain or settled status", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The jobs you\u2019ve created must be for \u2018settled workers\u2019. A settled worker is someone who was one of the following when they started working for you:

    ", + "
  • a British citizen
    • ", + "
  • an EEA citizen who was living in the UK and working for you by 31 December 2020
    • ", + "
  • a Commonwealth citizen with a UK Ancestry visa
    • ", + "
  • someone with indefinite leave to remain or settled status
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2078" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-first-tier-asylum-support-tribunal", + "scenario": "My family and I arrived here from Syria a year ago and have been in receipt of asylum support since shortly after we arrived. It has just been inexplicably cut off, however, and we have not been told why.", + "question": "How do we find out why our support was stopped and how do we challenge it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "download and fill in a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 form", + [] + ], + [ + "post, email or fax the notice of appeal form to hm courts and tribunals service", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Asylum Support) if:

    ", + "
  • you were claiming asylum support and it\u2019s been stopped
    • ", + "

    Download and fill in a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 form. You must include:

    ", + "

    Post, email or fax the notice of appeal form to HM Courts and Tribunals Service. The contact details are on the form.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2079" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-first-tier-asylum-support-tribunal", + "scenario": "I am a 21 year old single Algerian male who is claiming asylum on the grounds of persecution. I applied for some support whilst I get myself established here but just received a letter saying I've been declined.", + "question": "What is the first step in the appeals process?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "download and fill in a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 form", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Download and fill in a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 form. You must include:

    " + ], + "id": "train-2080" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "scenario": "I am 23 years old. I have just got a new job that will have a salary of \u00a318,000 per year. I do not want to pay into a pension at this time.", + "question": "Does my employer need to automatically enrol me onto a pension?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "
  • you usually (\u2018ordinarily\u2019) work in the UK (read the detailed guidance if you\u2019re not sure)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your employer must automatically enrol you into a pension scheme and make contributions to your pension if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re classed as a \u2018worker\u2019
    • ", + "
  • you\u2019re aged between 22 and State Pension age
    • ", + "
  • you earn at least \u00a310,000 per year
    • ", + "
  • you usually (\u2018ordinarily\u2019) work in the UK (read the detailed guidance if you\u2019re not sure)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2081" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "scenario": "I worked for my employer for one year before leaving for a new job. I was making contributions to a workplace pension during my time in employment. I want to take these contributions out.", + "question": "Will I be able to get a refund on the pension contributions I made?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you were in a defined benefit pension scheme for less than 2 years, you might be able to either:

    ", + "
  • get a refund on what you contributed
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2082" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-state-pension", + "scenario": "I'm an elderly gentleman and I have recently received a letter saying that I would soon be able to receive my state pension. Some of my friends already receive this but they get paid on different days. My National Insurance number ends in 43.", + "question": "When will i receive my pension payments?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "wednesday", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The day your pension is paid depends on your National Insurance number.

    ", + "Last 2 digits of your National Insurance number | Payment day of the week", + "40 to 59 | Wednesday" + ], + "id": "train-2083" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disciplinary-procedures-and-action-at-work", + "scenario": "I am 35 and work as a builder. I was (falsely) accused of bullying an apprentice and have been suspended from work. I feel that this is very unfair as I am innocent! I am worried about my rights whilst suspended", + "question": "Will I still continue to receive my pay and other benefits whilst I am suspended from work?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [ + "

    When a disciplinary issue is being looked into you might be suspended from work. This does not happen very often. If it does it should normally be with pay and you should be told why you\u2019re being suspended.

    ", + "

    If your employment contract does not say your employer can do this, your employer may still be able to suspend you, but with pay. To show that it\u2019s not a punishment the suspension will normally be on full pay.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "no", + [ + "

    You can be suspended without pay if your employment contract says your employer can do this, but they must be acting reasonably.

    " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When a disciplinary issue is being looked into you might be suspended from work. This does not happen very often. If it does it should normally be with pay and you should be told why you\u2019re being suspended.

    ", + "

    You can be suspended without pay if your employment contract says your employer can do this, but they must be acting reasonably.

    ", + "

    If your employment contract does not say your employer can do this, your employer may still be able to suspend you, but with pay. To show that it\u2019s not a punishment the suspension will normally be on full pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2084" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal", + "scenario": "I am an employee who works for a storage company. I have been diagnosed with a heart condition that stops me from doing heavy lifting. My employer has dismissed me on the basis that I cannot do my job.", + "question": "Will this be considered as an unfair dismissal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be dismissed if you have a persistent or long-term illness that makes it impossible for you to do your job.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2085" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal", + "scenario": "I am an employee who has been forced out of their job. My employer demoted me from my position to let his son take over the role. My wages and my duties were reduced.", + "question": "Will this be considered constructive dismissal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Constructive dismissal is when you\u2019re forced to leave your job against your will because of your employer\u2019s conduct.

    ", + "

    The reasons you leave your job must be serious, for example, they:

    ", + "
  • do not pay you or suddenly demote you for no reason
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2086" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "scenario": "I have just started a job which I enjoy but do not intend to keep for life. I have been told that I am being enrolled in a work place pension scheme even though I did not ask to be and do not really want to be", + "question": "Am I obliged to have a pension with this job even though I did not intend to?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can leave (called \u2018opting out\u2019) if you want to.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2087" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "scenario": "I am nearly fifty and in my twenties spent eight years as a teacher before quitting to pursue another career. I was recently told I might have some pension due to me that I could cash in.", + "question": "How can I find out if I am owed any pension?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "pension tracing service", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The Pension Tracing Service could help you find pensions you\u2019ve paid into but lost track of.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2088" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-first-tier-asylum-support-tribunal", + "scenario": "I have sought asylum in the UK, and decided to apply for asylum support. I have been refused this support, but I do not agree with this decision.", + "question": "What information should I provide when appealing this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "why you\u2019re appealing", + [] + ], + [ + "a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing against", + [] + ], + [ + "any documents that help support your appeal", + [] + ], + [ + "why your appeal is late", + [ + "
  • why your appeal is late (if it is)
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "whether you\u2019d like a \u2018paper\u2019 or \u2018oral\u2019 hearing", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Download and fill in a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 form. You must include:

    ", + "
  • why you\u2019re appealing (your \u2018grounds of appeal\u2019)
    • ", + "
  • a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing against
    • ", + "
  • any documents that help support your appeal
    • ", + "
  • why your appeal is late (if it is)
    • ", + "
  • whether you\u2019d like a \u2018paper\u2019 or \u2018oral\u2019 hearing
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2089" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-first-tier-asylum-support-tribunal", + "scenario": "I have sought asylum in the UK, and claimed asylum support. This has now been stopped due to financial circumstances. I want to see whether this is worth appealing.", + "question": "What legislation can I look at to see if appealing is worth the time?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "immigration and asylum act 1999", + [] + ], + [ + "nationality, immigration and asylum act 2002", + [] + ], + [ + "tribunal procedure (first-tier tribunal) (social entitlement chamber) rules 2008 and amendments to the tribunal procedure (first-tier tribunal) (social entitlement chamber) rules 2008", + [] + ], + [ + "section 95, immigration and asylum 1999", + [] + ], + [ + "asylum support regulations 2000", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on:

    ", + "
  • Immigration and Asylum Act 1999
    • ", + "
  • Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002
    • ", + "

    The tribunal must follow the rules and process in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008 and Amendments to the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008.

    ", + "

    The tribunal will make a decision based on:

    ", + "
  • section 95, Immigration and Asylum 1999
    • ", + "
  • Asylum Support Regulations 2000
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2090" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-state-pension", + "scenario": "My sister is employed and earns \u00a3250 a week and contributes to the national insurance. She would like to know more about the new state pension.", + "question": "How can one know has a qualifying year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you were working and paid national insurance contributions", + [] + ], + [ + "you were getting national insurance credits for example if you were unemployed, ill or a parent or carer", + [] + ], + [ + "you were paying voluntary national insurance contributions", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    This means for 10 years at least one or more of the following applied to you:

    ", + "
  • you were working and paid National Insurance contributions
    • ", + "
  • you were getting National Insurance credits for example if you were unemployed, ill or a parent or carer
    • ", + "
  • you were paying voluntary National Insurance contributions
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2091" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-state-pension", + "scenario": "My mother has been working for more than 30 years in the UK and contributing to the National insurance . She has reached a new state pension age.", + "question": "How many qualifying years of national insurance record does she need to show In order to be eligible for a new state pension age?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "10", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually need at least 10 qualifying years on your National Insurance record to get any State Pension. They do not have to be 10 qualifying years in a row.

    ", + "

    This means for 10 years at least one or more of the following applied to you:

    " + ], + "id": "train-2092" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driver-cpc-training", + "scenario": "I am a 52 year old living in Bradford and I am qualified to drive lorries in my home country Belize, with a code 95 entitlement on my licence.", + "question": "How can I be eligible to drive lorries in the UK?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "complete your periodic training in england, scotland or wales", + [] + ], + [ + "exchange your driver\u2019s licence for a gb licence", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving professionally without Driver CPC.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s illegal to drive professionally if you have not done your training by your deadline.

    ", + "

    If you have a licence from another country, there are 2 ways to get a Great Britain (GB) Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) card. You should either:

    ", + "
  • complete your periodic training in England, Scotland or Wales
    • ", + "
  • exchange your driver\u2019s licence for a GB licence - you must have a code 95 entitlement on your non-GB licence to do this
    • ", + "

    If you have a code 95 entitlement on your licence, you can get a GB Driver CPC card by exchanging your licence for a GB licence.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2093" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-election-result", + "scenario": "When I visited the election booth to vote in the UK parliament election, the mediators were destroying certain peoples polling cards before they could be accepted and denying entry, it seemed to only to be people from certain addresses but I'm not sure what can be done about it. The result was returned to the Clerk of the Crown 2 days ago.", + "question": "when can I challenge the election results due to this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 21 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must usually apply within 21 days of when:

    ", + "
  • the result of the UK Parliament election was returned to the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2094" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures", + "scenario": "I own a home and energy bills are always high. When I hired a engineer to assess why my energy bills are high. He mentioned the problem is because of insulation. I can't afford to replace the insulation. These energy improvements have been recommended in my Green Deal assessment.", + "question": "Can I get a loan to replace the insulation ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can only get a finance plan for improvements recommended in your Green Deal assessment.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2095" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-election-result", + "scenario": "I disagree with the current results from the election and myself and many other feel the votes were unfair, we wanted to petition to see if the votes can be recounted however it seems like an expensive process. I have no savings in my bank account at this time.", + "question": "What are the options so the petitioners are not out of pocket?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get help with court fees", + [] + ], + [ + "pay cash or give the names of up to 4 people (\u2018sureties\u2019) who will guarantee to pay", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can sometimes get help with court fees if you have little or no savings, are on certain benefits or have a low income.

    ", + "

    You can pay cash or give the names of up to 4 people (\u2018sureties\u2019) who will guarantee to pay. You must do this within 3 working days of handing in the petition.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2096" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/applying-for-probate", + "scenario": "Our father died recently without leaving a will. My siblings and I do not trust our step-mother to act as estate administrator and we would prefer it if one of his children could handle this instead. My father and step-mother were married at the time of his death.", + "question": "Can children stop a step-parent from handling their deceased parent's probate affairs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot apply if you\u2019re the partner of the person but were not their spouse or civil partner when they died. You\u2019re not automatically entitled to any of their estate, unless you\u2019re able to make changes to the inheritance.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2097" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "scenario": "I decided to start freelancing and working for myself and made freelancing my main job, taxes are not automatically deducted from my income. I have an income of \u00a319,000 for this tax year.", + "question": "How do I pay taxes on my income?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "send a tax return", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must send a tax return if, in the last tax year (6 April to 5 April), you were:

    ", + "
  • self-employed as a \u2018sole trader\u2019 and earned more than \u00a31,000 (before taking off anything you can claim tax relief on)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2098" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty", + "scenario": "I own and operate a small business with 30 employees, whom we compensate via the PAYE system. After missing a filing deadline earlier this year, we have received a penalty notice from HMRC. I want to pay via Direct Debit.", + "question": "If we choose to pay the penalty with Direct Debit, how much time should be allow for the debit to be processed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 working days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    3 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2099" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-military-bereaved-children", + "scenario": "I am a widow and my late husband died during a war while serving in the British army in 1991. I receive war pension benefits. My daughter is attending for a full time Bachelor in Pharmacy at Bristol University. My daughter is 17 years old.", + "question": "Can my daughter qualify for the scholarship?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for help with the costs of further and higher education if all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re 16 or over and in full-time education
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2100" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dispose-hazardous-waste", + "scenario": "My company regularly produces hazardous waste, we follow detailed procedures on getting rid of this waste but recently ive been asked to provide records of this, i don't understand what records are needed. The documents I have are missing some information.", + "question": "What kind of documents and recording is required when disposing of hazardous waste for my business?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "consignment notes", + [] + ], + [ + "consignee returns", + [] + ], + [ + "any related documents", + [] + ], + [ + "a record of any missing information", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must keep your copies of:

    ", + "
  • consignment notes
    • ", + "
  • consignee returns \u2013 you\u2019ll get these from businesses that receive your waste (consignees)
    • ", + "
  • any related documents, for example \u2018carrier schedules\u2019 (list of carriers when there is more than one), records of rejected loads
    • ", + "

    If these documents are not accurate or complete, you must keep a record of any missing information.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2101" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-parental-bereavement-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I am 43, and have been employed by a company in Maidenhead, England for the last six years. I married my current wife 4 years ago, and she had a daughter from her previous relationship who lived with us until she tragically died of leukaemia 3 days ago. I gave in my notice the day after my child's death.", + "question": "If I wish to take Parental Bereavement Leave, how much notice do I have to give my employer?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "before the time they would normally start work on the first day of the period they want to take off work.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    0 to 8 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth

    ", + "

    An employee must give you notice before the time they would normally start work on the first day of the period they want to take off work.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2102" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I own and run a SME employing just over 50 people. One of my long-term employees has given notice that she intends to claim both statutory maternity leave and statutory maternity pay, but so far has not provided proof of pregnancy. I have not received proof for 14 weeks.", + "question": "Do I have to grant her SMP and SML requests if she doesn't provide this evidence by her SML start date?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The employee should give you proof within 21 days of the SMP start date. You can agree to accept it later if you want. You do not have to pay SMP if you have not received proof of the due date 13 weeks after the SMP start date.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2103" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-tribunal", + "scenario": "I am a UK taxpayer and I believe my income tax has been miscalculated by HMRC. They have sent me a letter telling me I owe them \u00a35000. I want to appeal this decision. This is not considered to be a basic case.", + "question": "When will I receive the tribunal decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 1 month", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the tribunal\u2019s decision:

    ", + "
  • in writing within 1 month, if you\u2019ve had a \u2018basic\u2019 case - you\u2019ll sometimes get a decision on the day
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2104" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "scenario": "I have just sold my house for more than I bought it for 5 years ago. I want know the amount of capital gains tax I am supposed to pay HMRC. The house had been bought to let out to tenants.", + "question": "Do I have to pay capital gains tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:

    ", + "
  • buy-to-let properties
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2105" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance", + "scenario": "From 2020 to 2021 i was a care worker but also director of the company. Our Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for all combined Payrolls were \u00a390,000. The care work I do is entirely private.", + "question": "Can I main a claim for Employment allowance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot claim if you\u2019re a public body or business doing more than half your work in the public sector (such as local councils and NHS services) - unless you\u2019re a charity.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2106" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "scenario": "Due to my own foolishness, my debts have mounted up and are now beyond my control. I need to some help sorting it out. I am unable to pay my debts due to having no money and no assets to sell.", + "question": "Is it possible to go into some kind of arrangement with my creditors and get them off my back?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "apply for a debt relief order or bankruptcy order", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a Debt Relief Order or Bankruptcy Order if you cannot pay your debts because you do not have enough money or assets you can sell.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2107" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england", + "scenario": "I am a medical student currently studying at an English university and living nearby. The next year of my course will involve a placement in Germany for 3 months out of the 12. I will be spend three quarters of the academic year in Germany.", + "question": "Can I claim travel expenses for the overseas placement?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must attend an overseas institution for at least half of each academic term. This period of study can be compulsory or optional.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2108" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/religious-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I have received my religious worker Visa to work in a hospice Center in the UK. I am from Ghana. I would like to take some holidays within the year and visit my aging parents in Ghana. My employer has provided me with a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship.", + "question": "Can that be allowed or can i extend it ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2109" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-foreign-income", + "scenario": "I am British and I work for an American company called Amazon Mechanical Turk. My earnings are paid in Amazon vouchers which can only be redeemed on the US Amazon site. My earnings will be taxed in the US, whilst my main job is taxed in the UK.", + "question": "Am I obligated to pay tax on my Turk earnings as a foreign source of income, given that it is my only form of income?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to claim tax relief if you\u2019re taxed in more than one country.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2110" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-tax", + "scenario": "I would like to submit PAYE bill by cheque through the post. Would like to gather all the needed information so that i can submit before deadline. I do not have the original payment slip.", + "question": "What should i include?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a replacement payment slip", + [] + ], + [ + "your 13-character accounts office reference number on the back of the cheque", + [] + ], + [ + "include the payslip for the correct period.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Write your 13-character Accounts Office reference number on the back of the cheque. You can find this number on the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.

    ", + "

    Include the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have this, you can either:

    ", + "
  • ask HMRC to send you a payment booklet
    • ", + "
  • print off a replacement payment slip
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2111" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government-authorised-exchange", + "scenario": "I am an overseas Engineering student and I would like to undertake a short work experience opportunities in Engineering companies in the UK . I am under the umbrella of Twin Training International. I want to apply for a Government Authorized exchange Visa. My certificate of sponsorship still has two years left.", + "question": "Can i stay for a year with this Visa in the UK?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can stay in the UK for up to 12 or 24 months (depending on the scheme you\u2019re applying for) or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2112" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights", + "scenario": "I have just given in my notice to leave my job. The notice period is one month. After prorating the annual leave over the 6 months that I will have worked this year, I have found that I have taken two too many days of annual leave. The worker has taken 3 days more annual leave than they should have done.", + "question": "What happens in this situation?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "their employer must not take money from their final pay", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If a worker has taken more leave than they\u2019re entitled to, their employer must not take money from their final pay unless it\u2019s been agreed beforehand in writing. The rules in this situation should be outlined in the employment contract, company handbook or intranet.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2113" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-2-national-insurance", + "scenario": "I am a UK resident that is self employed. I have been working in Germany for the past year. I will be paying from my German bank account.", + "question": "Which account number shall I pay my national insurance bill to?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "gb49barc20204830944793", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22" + ], + "id": "train-2114" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-concessionary-fuel-scheme", + "scenario": "I worked for the National Coal Board for thirty years and have now retired. I have a wife and two grown up children and am claiming a state pension. I have qualified to receive the fuel allowance through the NCFS.", + "question": "Does my employment history entitle me to any sort of fuel payment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to qualify to get the fuel allowance through the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS), and you can only get the cash allowance if you\u2019re already getting fuel through the scheme.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2115" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa", + "scenario": "I am a Chinese National. As i was in the process of applying for a Permitted paid engagement visa online. Immediately after submission I got an email that the UK conference has been cancelled due to one of the event organizer has tested positive of covid 19. the application has not yet been processed.", + "question": "Can i cancel the application and get a refund?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2116" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-parental-bereavement-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My employee has recently been bereaved of a daughter. I know I need to pay bereavement pay, but this is difficult given the financial situation of the business. I am unable to afford these bereavement payments at this time.", + "question": "What are the financial help with bereavement pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "apply for an advance", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    For financial help with statutory pay, you can:

    ", + "
  • apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2117" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "scenario": "I am a long term, full time employee of a major retailer and have some shares through their save as you earn scheme. These shares have consistently increased in value and it has been recommended that I transfer them to an ISA. My ISA provider has agreed to allow this transfer.", + "question": "Can I transfer them to an ISA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your ISA provider must agree to the transfer.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2118" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/voluntary-national-insurance-contributions", + "scenario": "I am a woman who was born on the 3rd April 1952. I am looking at the rates of national insurance I should be paying. I will be paying Class 2 national insurance.", + "question": "What rates should I be paying?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a33.05 a week", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a33.05 a week for Class 2
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2119" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disability-living-allowance-children", + "scenario": "My 9 year old daughter has recently been diagnosed with AML (leukemia), and is likely to require very intensive care over the next few months. We are both UK citizens and have lived in the UK for all of her life. My 9 year old daughter is expected to have AML for at least another year.", + "question": "Can I claim Disability Living Allowance to offset the costs of her care and transportation costs?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    They must have had these difficulties for at least 3 months and expect them to last for at least 6 months. If they\u2019re terminally ill (that is, not expected to live more than 6 months), they do not need to have had these difficulties for 3 months.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2120" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "scenario": "I am a trainee social worker. I am currently studying an approved undergraduate social work degree, which is not employment based. I do not receive funding from my employer. I do not have the higher education social work qualification.", + "question": "Will I be eligible for a social work bursary?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Social work bursaries are available to eligible social work students who:

    ", + "
  • don\u2019t already have a higher education social work qualification
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2121" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bullying-at-school", + "scenario": "I been watching my son for a couple of weeks now and he is not happy about something. I had a word with him and he mentioned that he is undergoing repeated harassment at the school. This bullying has also been happening outside of school.", + "question": "Who do I report first about a bullying at school ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "someone you trust", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You should report bullying to your school in the first place - or someone you trust if it happens outside school, for example in a club or online.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2122" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "scenario": "I am a keen sea angler and own a 12-metre open boat, based in Falmouth, Cornwall. In addition to fishing I also use the boat to conduct tours of the local coastline for interested tourists. The boat will be purely used for tours on the rivers.", + "question": "Which category should be boat be registered under on the UK Ship Register?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "part 1", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use Part 1 of the register if you have either:

    ", + "
  • a commercial boat, unless you plan to use it for fishing
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2123" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "scenario": "My employer has missed paying the self assessment tax return on time because the accountant resigned . He has managed to file the returns late by 3 months. The tax return was filed on the 28th April.", + "question": "How much penalty Will he pay after the delay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3100", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll pay a late filing penalty of \u00a3100 if your tax return is up to 3 months late. You\u2019ll have to pay more if it\u2019s later, or if you pay your tax bill late.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2124" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-visa-sponsorship-employers", + "scenario": "We run a small UK company and wish to employ from outside the UK. We would like to sponsor a worker for more than 5 years . We would like to pay an immigration skill surcharge. This will be the first 12 months of the employee being in the UK.", + "question": "How much does it cost for one employee?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3364", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "First 12 months | \u00a3364 | \u00a31,000" + ], + "id": "train-2125" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "scenario": "I reside in England. I am self-employed, and I am required to submit tax returns. Due to some difficulties, I will not be able to submit my tax return on time this year. The tax return will not be submitted for another three months.", + "question": "What kind of fine will I face for this late submission?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "pay more", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll pay a late filing penalty of \u00a3100 if your tax return is up to 3 months late. You\u2019ll have to pay more if it\u2019s later, or if you pay your tax bill late.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2126" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "scenario": "I want to sell my property. The purchase price of this property was \u00a3150,000. The price I want to sell it at would be \u00a3250,000. This property has been rented out and is not my home.", + "question": "Would the difference of \u00a3100,000 be the amount that will be liable to capital gains tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:

    " + ], + "id": "train-2127" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/power-of-attorney", + "scenario": "Because I have a family history of dementia, I would like to make a lasting power of attorney naming my daughter as my attorney, should I become mentally incapacitated. I'm 57 years old and live in England. I know that it's quite expensive to create a power of attorney and I'm currently on income support so may struggle to afford it. My earnings are only \u00a310,000 per year at this time.", + "question": "Can you get financial assistance with the cost of making a lasting power of attorney?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a reduction if you earn less than \u00a312,000. You might also be able to apply for an exemption if you\u2019re on certain benefits, such as Income Support.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2128" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/budgeting-help-benefits", + "scenario": "I am moving to a new home provided by council. I am already on housing benefits and income support benefits. I am planning to buy some white goods but have no money. I am currently receiving income support.", + "question": "As I am already on benefits , will I be eligible for Budgeting Loans ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    To get a Budgeting Loan you must have been getting one or more of these benefits for the past 6 months:

    ", + "
  • Income Support
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2129" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "scenario": "I am the owner-occupier of a house in Birmingham, where I live with my wife. My wife became a paraplegic as a result of a traffic accident three years ago, and this has required us to extend our house to provide extra storage space for her mobility aids. The property is my wife's main home.", + "question": "If the extension moves our house into a higher council tax band, can I claim a discount on the basis of my wife's disability?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The property must be the main home of at least 1 disabled person. This can be an adult or a child - it does not have to be the person responsible for paying the Council Tax.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2130" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "scenario": "Our parents in law will be visiting us in Uk during summer time from canada and our house is small. My partner and i have come up with an idea of putting a caravan in our garden to accomodate them. My farm is 16 hectares in size.", + "question": "Is this a permitted development?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Permitted development means that if your farm is 5 hectares or more, you have the right to:

    " + ], + "id": "train-2131" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-1a-national-insurance", + "scenario": "I own and operate a small business in Scotland, with almost 50 employees. We run payroll on a monthly basis, via the PAYE system. Various benefits are given to employees, including phones and company cars. I will not be paying by post.", + "question": "When is the deadline for paying the preceding year's Class 1A contributions on these benefits?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "22 july", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to pay contributions on work benefits by 22 July each year for the previous tax year. You\u2019ll need to pay by 19 July if paying by post.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2132" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england", + "scenario": "Hi I am Mandy. I am studying French Business at Manchester University. I am due to spend a year on a placement in France. My permanent home is based in London", + "question": "What assistance can I received to help with my stay in France?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "help with essential expenses, medical insurance and travel visas", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your permanent home address must be in England.

    ", + "
  • help with essential expenses, medical insurance and travel visas
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2133" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "scenario": "I am an employer who is just about to setup payroll. I am expecting to pay out \u00a31,200 per month. I am currently unsure as to when payments to HMRC are made. I only employ 5 staff and I am considered a small employer.", + "question": "When do I have to make payments to HMRC?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "quarterly", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2134" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/defend-your-intellectual-property", + "scenario": "My Brother is a Music artist and just discovered that a certain local radio station is using his Music without his awareness. After contacting them they said that are open for a discussion out of court. We have been unable to reach an agreement.", + "question": "Can he use a mediator?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use a mediator if you can\u2019t come to an agreement over an intellectual property (IP) dispute.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2135" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "scenario": "I am the owner of a high street retailing business which has fallen on hard times in the wake of the pandemic. At our peak we had over 150 employees, who were represented by a trade union whom we voluntarily recognised six years ago. Now our headcount has fallen below 20, and the remaining workers include a union shop steward who is being unreasonably obstructive of our attempts to turn the company around. I have had only 17 employees for the last year.", + "question": "Given the shrunken state of the business, is it now possible to get the union derecognised?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As an employer, you can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to have a trade union derecognised if both of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2136" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty", + "scenario": "I own and operate a small business with 30 employees, whom we compensate via the PAYE system. After missing a filing deadline earlier this year, we have received a penalty notice from HMRC. I am planning to pay by direct debit.", + "question": "If we choose to pay the penalty with Direct Debit, how much time should be allow for the debit to be processed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "5 working days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    5 working days

    ", + "
  • Direct Debit (if you have not set up one for HMRC before)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2137" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "scenario": "Due to my own foolishness, my debts have mounted up and are now beyond my control. I need to some help sorting it out. I am unable to pay off my debts due to having no money.", + "question": "Is it possible to go into some kind of arrangement with my creditors and get them off my back?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "be made bankrupt", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you cannot pay off your debts, you can be made bankrupt.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2138" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repossession", + "scenario": "I live in England . I have an unpaid mortgage due to the change of my income. I was hospitalized the whole of last year due to long terms covid Complications and lost my job.The lender has taken repossession action against me. I currently only have an income for \u00a35,000 per year.", + "question": "Can i get a legal aid?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re on a low income you may be able to get legal aid.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2139" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/blind-persons-allowance", + "scenario": "I am 41, registered blind with my local council and live in England in a home which I share with my wife, who works part-time to provide for us. I have a certificate for my blindness.", + "question": "Can I claim Blind Person's Allowance, and then transfer it to my wife so that she can claim it against her taxes?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2140" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-tax", + "scenario": "I own and operate a small publishing company based in Herefordshire, with 34 current employees. Our finance director sadly died recently as a result of the pandemic, and I am currently trying to sort out our monthly payroll and dealings with HMRC myself. I plan to be paying by cheque.", + "question": "What is the deadline for paying our PAYE bill for the current tax month?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the 19th of the month", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you pay by cheque through the post the deadline is the 19th of the month.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2141" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "scenario": "I am currently employed part-time as a care assistant and am also studying for a first degree in social work via a non-residential part-time course offered by my local university. My household income is around \u00a316,000 pa, but my employer does not directly contribute to the cost of my training. The course is approved.", + "question": "Am I likely to be eligible for a social work bursary?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Social work bursaries are available to eligible social work students who:

    ", + "
  • are studying an approved undergraduate or postgraduate course in social work
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2142" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "scenario": "I am an employer and due to the reduced work force the number of employees represented by the union has reduced to 10. The union is recognized entity by CAC since 2017. I have only employed 20 people for the past 14 weeks.", + "question": "Can i give notice to CAC to deregister it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As an employer, you can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to have a trade union derecognised if both of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2143" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/upper-tribunal-immigration-asylum", + "scenario": "I applied for an asylum. The application was rejected. I thought it was asylum tribunal mistake and appealed the decision but now I realised it was my mistake. My hearing is going to take place in four days.", + "question": "I want to withdraw my appeal. Who do I contact to withdraw my appeal ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the hearing centre where your appeal is scheduled", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your hearing is less than 7 days away, contact the hearing centre where your appeal is scheduled.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2144" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-curriculum", + "scenario": "I am a parent of two school-age children, the eldest of which is about to begin Key Stage 3. I am devoutly religious and have moral objections to aspects of the religious and the sexual education modules taught therein. These parts of the subject are not compulsory.", + "question": "Can I withdraw my child from lessons I find morally offensive?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Some parts of sex and relationship education are compulsory - these are part of the national curriculum for science. Parents can withdraw their children from all other parts of sex and relationship education if they want.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2145" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor", + "scenario": "I am a 41 year old from Chester and I have a CBT course arranged which unfortunately I can not attend. I have given 3 weeks notice for the course.", + "question": "Can I reschedule the course for another date?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2146" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "scenario": "I have applied for bankruptcy. I have \u00a370,000 worth of debt. I have a house that is worth \u00a3150,000, which is completely paid off. My equity in the house is \u00a320,000.", + "question": "What will happen to my home in these circumstances?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your home might be sold", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might have to give up:

    ", + "
  • legal ownership of the property if your equity is \u00a31,000 or more
    • ", + "

    Your home might be sold depending on your equity - your share after any secured debts (like a mortgage) have been paid.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2147" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-paternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My wife is pregnant. I am an employee who currently earns \u00a3550 per week. I have been working for this employer for five years. I want to take time off to look after my new child when it is born. I have given the correct notice to my employer.", + "question": "Am I eligible for statutory paternity pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employees must also:

    ", + "
  • give you the correct notice
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2148" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jobcentre-plus-help-for-recruiters", + "scenario": "I am the HR manager of a small biotechnology company in Wales, which is currently looking for an onsite cleaner. We would like to offer an opportunity to a local unemployed person, and are considering running a work trial to determine suitability. We are looking for the trial to be 35 days long.", + "question": "Are there limits to how long such a trial can be run, and if so what are they?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "longer than 30 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The work trial can be longer than 30 days if the jobseeker needs more time to adjust to being back at work. This needs to be agreed before the work trial starts.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2149" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/doctoral-loan", + "scenario": "I live in England and I am doing a 3 year Ph.D in Computer Science. I heard of Doctoral Loans but didn't apply in the first year and planning to apply from second year. I started the course on 10 Aug 2020. I am currently 19 years of age.", + "question": "How much loan I can get each year ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a311,222", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must be under 60 on the first day of the first academic year of your course.

    ", + "
  • \u00a311,222 each year if your course started between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2150" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-discipline-exclusions", + "scenario": "I have a fourteen year old son who has recently gone off the rails and got into a good deal of trouble at school. After the last incident he was excluded for 10 days. He seems indifferent but I am very worried about his future, as no alternative education appears to have been arranged for him. The exclusion means that my child will miss his year 9 tests.", + "question": "What can I do about my child's exclusion?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "overturn the exclusion", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask the school\u2019s governing body to overturn the exclusion if either:

    ", + "
  • the exclusion means they\u2019ll miss a public exam or national curriculum test
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2151" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "scenario": "My parents moved to the united kingdom from a country once ruled by the united kingdom, I plan to stay and work in the united kingdom. My parents moved to the UK from Fiji in 1970.", + "question": "Am I eligable to apply to work and live in the united kingdom under the Windrush Scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:

    ", + "
  • your parents came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2152" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-election-result", + "scenario": "My friend Ann was contesting in a local government elections as a councillor .She was not satisfied with the way the elections were run and filed an election petition due to rigging. She is worried there is a slight chance of her losing the case.", + "question": "Will she have to pay more or less if she loses the case?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "pay more", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might have to pay more if you lose the case or you decide to stop it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2153" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-gender-recognition-certificate", + "scenario": "I was born and raised in Australia. I have changed my gender and got a certificate in Australia. I have moved to UK three years back. I am currently 29 years old.", + "question": "I would like to know whether I am eligible to apply for Gender Recognition Certificate in UK ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must be 18 or over.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2154" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fishing-vessel-licence-under-10-metres", + "scenario": "I live in Essex, England and own a small (7m) vintage fishing smack (unpowered sail boat). I would like to take this out into the Thames Estuary and North Sea to fish for mackerel and plaice. I have never done this before and only plan on doing it from time to time for leisure, as a pleasurable activity.", + "question": "Do I need a Category A fishing vessel license?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You don\u2019t need a licence for your vessel if any of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you only use your vessel to fish for pleasure
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2155" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "scenario": "My father passed away 3 years ago after a long service of 30 years with the UK Merchant Navy, as a remembrance gift for my mother i wanted to give her a gift of a veteran seafarers badge that would have been bestowed on him as an honour. I think he would really appreciate the acknowledgement. My mom receives a War Widow's pension. I have access to the documents since I helped her get it.", + "question": "Am I able to order on my dads behalf a Merchant Navy Seafarers badge now that my father has passed away?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2156" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-election-result", + "scenario": "When I visited the election booth to vote in the UK parliament election, the mediators were destroying certain peoples polling cards before they could be accepted and denying entry, it seemed to only to be people from certain addresses but I'm not sure what can be done about it.", + "question": "When will I be able to apply to challenge the election result since I believe it has been corrupt?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "after 21 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A judge might let you apply after 21 days if:

    ", + "
  • you think there have been corrupt or illegal practices, for example bribery
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2157" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance", + "scenario": "I am unable to work due to a mental health condition. I have had this condition for several years and it is gradually worsening. I do not see any sign of respite. I am only 35 years old so I do not meet the age requirement for State Pension.", + "question": "Are people with mental health problems eligible for ESA if the condition prevents them from working?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you\u2019re under State Pension age and you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2158" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-recalls-and-faults", + "scenario": "I have come into possession of a new car. The electronic handbrake keeps releasing on its own. I have had to leave it on the flat. This is a major fault. I have contacted the manufacturer of the vehicle multiple times but they are handling the case extremely poorly. They are slow to respond and refuse to admit that there is a major fault with the vehicle.", + "question": "Who should I turn to since the manufacturer is not assisting me properly?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "report it to the manufacturer immediately", + [] + ], + [ + "tell the driver and vehicle standards agency (dvsa)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can report a serious safety defects with your vehicle or accessory if it could cause injury.

    ", + "

    If you find a serious defect that affects the safety of your vehicle, one of its parts, or an accessory, report it to the manufacturer immediately.

    ", + "

    Tell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you\u2019re not happy with how the manufacturer is dealing with your report.

    ", + "

    A serious safety defect is something:

    ", + "
  • about the way the vehicle is designed or made that\u2019s likely to cause injury or death
    • ", + "
  • that happens suddenly and without warning
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2159" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "scenario": "I have been working in a pharmacy shop without breaks due to the flow of customers. I have raised my complaint to my senior boss but has not taken it seriously but ignored me. I feel strained and under pressure. I have tried on multiple occasions to resolve the issue with my higher-ups but to no avail.", + "question": "Can i make a claim to the employment tribunal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If a worker can\u2019t solve a problem, they may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2160" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle", + "scenario": "I am looking to practice how to drive a category G road roller which as far as I know operates very similarly to a car and has 2 front seats. I hold a licence for an approved driving instructor, and I am thirty-two years old. I know I am able to begin learning, and I have started to look for an instructor. I do not know where to start.", + "question": "What type of license can I use to operate this vehicle which operates similarly to a car and has 2 front seats?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "approved driving instructor (adi)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might be able to use an approved driving instructor (ADI) if you\u2019re learning to drive a vehicle with controls similar to a car and with 2 front seats.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2161" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "scenario": "I am a keen sea angler and own a 12-metre open boat, based in Falmouth, Cornwall. I mainly use the boat to catch fish which I later sell on the local market. Additionally, I also use the boat to conduct tours of the local coastline for interested tourists.", + "question": "Which category should my boat be registered under on the UK Ship Register?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "part 2", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Use Part 2 of the register if you\u2019re using your boat to catch and sell fish.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2162" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I am not a British citizen but I have lived in the UK for the last 10 years and have an Indefinite Leave to Remain permit. I am on permanent employment and plan to adopt a child from Malaysia. I am going to request a Statutory Adoption Leave from my employer.", + "question": "What documents will I need to submit as proof to my employer in order to get payed during my leave?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "proof of adoption", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must give your employer proof of adoption to qualify for Statutory Adoption Pay. Proof is not needed for Statutory Adoption Leave unless they request it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2163" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "scenario": "We are an IT company and recently we have developed interest in Artificial Intelligence. There is a patent registered on Machine learning that we are interested in buying and seller is happy to sell it.", + "question": "Is it possible to buy a patent when someone is selling it and has agreed to sign all necessary documents and keep a record of the transfer of the patent?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need a written document to record the transfer. This is known as an \u2018assignment\u2019 and must be signed by the person selling the patent.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2164" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/international-agreement-worker-visa", + "scenario": "My single friend wants to apply for an international agreements work visa. He has been posted to work in the Indian Embassy. He has compiled several evidence documents. He was notified by a government employee that a standard tuberculosis test has to be taken in his country.", + "question": "What documents are needed other than his passport?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your certificate of sponsorship reference number", + [] + ], + [ + "evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the uk", + [] + ], + [ + "your tuberculosis test results", + [] + ], + [ + "a valid atas certificate", + [ + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2165" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "scenario": "We have been married for 20 years and have four kids. Recently we decided to end our relationship. We decided to keep two kids each but are having issues on dividing up the assets", + "question": "We couldn't come to an agreement on dividing up the assets even after attending a meeting about mediation. Can we go to court and get them to decide?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).

    " + ], + "id": "train-2166" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax", + "scenario": "I am a Scottish resident who has just started their first job. This job started in March 2021, so I will not pay any tax for the remainder of this tax year. I was informed that I will be paying taxes at the starter rate.", + "question": "What rate of tax will I be paying in the 2021/22 tax year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "19%", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Starter rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a314,667 | 19%" + ], + "id": "train-2167" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "scenario": "I am a full time employee. I would like to invest in save as you earn(SAYE) in a shares related scheme.I am aiming to do a monthly contribution of \u00a3400 for the next 5 years. I would prefer to transfer all the savings to an individual savings account(ISA).", + "question": "Do i need to pay capital gain tax if I transfer the shares within 30 days of the scheme ending?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll not pay Capital Gains Tax if you transfer the shares:

    ", + "
  • to an Individual Savings Account (ISA) within 90 days of the scheme ending
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2168" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "scenario": "We would like to dismiss two of our employees without notice due to gross misconduct.We want them to leave immediately for the best interest of our company.", + "question": "Do we have to pay them if their contracts state that they can be suspended without pay at any point and without notice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tribunals may rule a summary dismissal as \u2018procedurally unfair\u2019 - you can only suspend someone without pay if their contract says you can do this. If it does not, you should suspend the employee on full pay and investigate the circumstances.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2169" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/voluntary-national-insurance-contributions", + "scenario": "I am a woman who was born on the 3rd April 1952. I am looking at the rates of national insurance I should be paying. I was last told that I fall under the category of Class 3.", + "question": "What rates should I be paying?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a315.40 a week", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:

    ", + "
  • \u00a315.40 a week for Class 3
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2170" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-annual-accounting-scheme", + "scenario": "I have just joined the VAT annual accounting scheme. I am sorting out the payment schedule for my business for cashflow purposes. I am currently looking to sort out the final payment.", + "question": "When is the final payment due for this scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 2 months of month 12", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Final payment | Within 2 months of month 12" + ], + "id": "train-2171" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "scenario": "I have just purchased my first home, a 1960s two-bedroomed detached house in a village in Northern Ireland which I bought with a mortgage from a building society. I paid Stamp Duty on the property shortly after buying it. Despite its age this house does not appear to be registered with the land registry.", + "question": "If I want to register the property myself, what documentation will I need to provide?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form", + [] + ], + [ + "a \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form.", + [] + ], + [ + "a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer", + [] + ], + [ + "a land transaction return certificate", + [] + ], + [ + "a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Include the same forms as for registering for the first time and a \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form.

    ", + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • ", + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • ", + "

    You may also need to send:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • ", + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • ", + "
  • a certified copy of the lease, if you\u2019re applying to register leasehold land or property
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2172" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-self-assessment-tax-bill", + "scenario": "I don't have an accountant. I am a full time worker and it's towards the end of the financial year. I have paying in slips and the paper statements. I would like to pay for self assessment tax bill to the HMRC.", + "question": "Can I pay through the bank by cash?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can only pay at your branch by cash or cheque if you both:

    ", + "
  • still get paper statements from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2173" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "scenario": "I am an employer looking to dismiss an employee due to health reasons. The employee has a heart condition and is unable to do the lifting required for the job. I am concerned about an unfair dismissal claim. I have tried to work it out with the employee for several months but no reasonable adjustments an be made to the workplace for them to be able to do the job.", + "question": "Under the circumstance that no adjustments can be made what steps can I take?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "dismiss them", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2174" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/volunteering", + "scenario": "My sister is a widow and on benefits. She got a volunteer job offer. She will be reimbursed out of pocket expenses for travels and meals. Despite this she will still meet the conditions of her benefits.", + "question": "Will this affect her benefits?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can volunteer and claim benefits if:

    ", + "
  • you continue to meet the conditions of the benefit you get
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2175" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "scenario": "I got offered a seafarer position from one of my Dad's friends. I recently turned 17 and the offer seems like a nice way to spend the summer and gain some experience. He mentioned that I will mostly be working during the day but may sometimes have to fulfill nightly duties. I was assured my safety and health will be kept as a number one priority.", + "question": "Do I meet the age requirements for the position considering I have been promised that my safety and health will not be compromised?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Exceptions can be allowed for:

    ", + "
  • where the seafarer\u2019s duties require it, as long as their health and safety is not affected
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2176" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "scenario": "We have been having an employee in our company who has been diagnosed with breast cancer. She has been put on long term chemotherapy treatment. She shows no signs of recovery. And there are no adjustments to her work place that can be made for her to be able to work.", + "question": "Is it fair for us to dismiss her from work?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2177" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-gender-recognition-certificate", + "scenario": "I married my wife 10 years ago. I now want to legally change my gender and I am applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate. My wife says she does not want to remain married after the change.", + "question": "Will will be given a document stating that my wife does not want to remain married to me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if you or your spouse do not want to remain married, or if your spouse does not fill in a statutory declaration. You can use the interim certificate as grounds to end the marriage.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2178" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/traffic-commissioner", + "scenario": "I am the operator of a HGV. I have been told that I have broken the terms of my license by the Traffic Commissioner. The license has been revoked. I am not happy about the decision. I received the notice 2 weeks ago.", + "question": "What do I need to do in order to appeal this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can appeal to the upper tribunal against a traffic commissioner decision (form ut12)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must send the form to the tribunal within 1 month of the traffic commissioner\u2019s written decision. The address is on the form.

    ", + "

    You can appeal to the Upper Tribunal against a traffic commissioner decision (form UT12).

    " + ], + "id": "train-2179" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures", + "scenario": "I have previously received a quote for cavity wall insulation for a tenancy i own, the prices are extortionate and i want to do it to improve energy bills and quality for the tenants but it is so expensive i am unsure i can afford it. The changes were recommended in my Green Deal assessment but I was not told much further information.", + "question": "What are fundings available to assist in paying for energy saving improvements to a tenancy?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get a green deal finance plan", + [] + ], + [ + "pay in advance", + [] + ], + [ + "use other schemes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to get a loan through the Green Deal, but you\u2019ll have to pay this back.

    ", + "

    Any household with an electricity meter (including prepayment meters) in England, Scotland or Wales can use the scheme.

    ", + "

    Both the landlord and the tenant must agree to the improvements if the building is rented.

    ", + "

    You can use the Green Deal for a range of different energy saving measures including:

    ", + "
  • insulating your loft or walls
    • ", + "

    You can pay in advance, get a Green Deal finance plan, or use other schemes to fund the work. You can also combine ways to pay.

    ", + "

    Finance plans are offered by approved Green Deal providers.

    ", + "

    You can only get a finance plan for improvements recommended in your Green Deal assessment.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2180" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "scenario": "My partner and i have separated after 20 years of marriage but we can\u2019t agree on how to split up our shared properties and assets. Efforts to make a binding agreement have been futile. I have police reports documenting domestic abuse throughout our marriage.", + "question": "Can I directly apply for the court to make a decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).

    " + ], + "id": "train-2181" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-copies-of-intellectual-property-documents", + "scenario": "I lost my original copies of my trademark registration documents. I would like to make a request to get uncertified copies of the same. The document is just a few pages and a standard A4 format.", + "question": "How much will it cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a35", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Uncertified copies usually cost \u00a35 - large documents may cost more.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2182" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-declaration-presumed-death", + "scenario": "My 76 year old father from Kent has been missing for 5 years now, my sister still thinks there is hope but I do not.", + "question": "Can I get a death certificate for him if my sister sees the advert and challenges the claim?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your claim may be challenged at the hearing if someone gets a copy of the claim form or sees the advert.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2183" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor", + "scenario": "I have filled in the forms and am ready for my assessment. I have studied the CBT course and read all the publication thoroughly. I have a license from from Bulgaria which qualifies as an EU license.", + "question": "What other documents do I need to bring to my assessment?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your valid driving licence", + [] + ], + [ + "your cbt1 card if you have one", + [] + ], + [ + "confirmation of your great britain (gb) driver number", + [] + ], + [ + "a fully taxed, insured and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kw", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to bring:

    ", + "
  • your valid driving licence
    • ", + "
  • your CBT1 card if you have one
    • ", + "

    If you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.

    ", + "
  • a fully taxed, insured and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2184" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-will", + "scenario": "I have written a will with the help of a solicitor six years ago and have had a lot of changes in my assets since. I am planning to make some major changes to all aspects of my will.", + "question": "Should I amend the old will or work on writing a new one?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "make a new will", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    For major changes you should make a new will.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2185" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "scenario": "I am in the process of being declared bankrupt after having run up debts on credit and store cards which I simply cannot repay. The level of my debt is over thirty thousand pounds. I own quite a lot of good jewelry and an expensive car which I am convinced are worth more than any reasonable replacement.", + "question": "Will I have to surrender my car and jewellery when my bankruptcy is completed?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might have to give these items up if they\u2019re worth more than a reasonable replacement.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2186" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "scenario": "My partner and I live abroad. We are planning to take our daughter to an independent school in the UK when she turns 5. We admire the UK National curriculum. We also have another daughter which is applying for a Child Student visa.", + "question": "Can we bring our other young daughter through the visa of the first child?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can bring your other children with you if they also have or are applying for a Child Student visa.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2187" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-copies-of-intellectual-property-documents", + "scenario": "I lost my original copies of my trademark registration documents. I would like to request for copies to be sent to me by email. I do not need them to be certified.", + "question": "How much will it cost for uncertified copies to be emailed to me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Uncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2188" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/schools-admissions", + "scenario": "My uncle has a 14 year old step son who moved to England from India last month. He has been looking for a special grammar school for him to join. He is fairly confident he will be able to pass an entrance exam for such a school.", + "question": "Will children who are able to pass an entrance exam for a grammar school be given priority?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Admission criteria are different for each school. They may give priority to children:

    ", + "
  • who pass an entrance exam (for selective schools, for example grammar schools)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2189" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "scenario": "I have started investing my income into a business i started in my free time, I still work at another job but also have income coming from my business.", + "question": "How do I pay taxes for my business income considering I am registered as a \"sole trader\" and my business income is around \u00a35,000?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "send a tax return", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must send a tax return if, in the last tax year (6 April to 5 April), you were:

    ", + "
  • self-employed as a \u2018sole trader\u2019 and earned more than \u00a31,000 (before taking off anything you can claim tax relief on)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2190" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-copies-of-intellectual-property-documents", + "scenario": "I lost my original copies of my trademark registration documents. I would like to make a request to get copies of the same. I would like for the copies to be certified.", + "question": "How much will it cost?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a320 each", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Certified copies cost \u00a320 each.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2191" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "scenario": "I am a UK business trader and have been running my business at a loss since the covid restrictions were imposed. My business is on the verge of collapsing and I have made most of my employees redundant. Creditors have been making endless calls. I have never applied for any breathing space. I do not have a debt relief order nor an individual voluntary arrangement. There was an interim order issued on the business but it is not active anymore. The company is in good financial standing and is not going bankrupt.", + "question": "Can i apply and get a breathing space?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must:

    ", + "
  • not have a debt relief order (DRO), an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA), an interim order, or be an undischarged bankrupt at the time you apply
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2192" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/flexible-working", + "scenario": "I own and operate a vehicle hire firm, based in London. One of my best sales reps, who has been with us for nearly a decade, has made a request to work flexible hours following a change to his family circumstances. I spoke to him and he said he can maintain his current work times for another 5 months or so before I give him a decision.", + "question": "Am I limited to give him a response in 3 months or can I take longer?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "longer", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    They should usually make a decision within 3 months of the request (or longer if agreed with the employee).

    " + ], + "id": "train-2193" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "scenario": "I reside in England. I am self-employed, and I am required to submit tax returns. Due to some difficulties, I will not be able to submit my tax return on time this year. My filing will be delayed by up to 2 months since I am in the hospital.", + "question": "What kind of fine will I face for this late submission?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3100", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll pay a late filing penalty of \u00a3100 if your tax return is up to 3 months late. You\u2019ll have to pay more if it\u2019s later, or if you pay your tax bill late.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2194" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-annual-accounting-scheme", + "scenario": "I have just joined the VAT annual accounting scheme. I am sorting out the payment schedule for my business for cashflow purposes.", + "question": "When are the monthly payment deadlines for this scheme?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "due at the end of months 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Monthly | Due at the end of months 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12" + ], + "id": "train-2195" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-gender-recognition-certificate", + "scenario": "I married my wife 10 years ago. I now want to legally change my gender and I am applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate.", + "question": "Will my marriage's legal status change if both me and my wife agree to remain married despite the change?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You and your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration saying you both agree to stay married.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2196" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-adoption-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My partner and I are full time employees earning more than \u00a3 250 per week and have been matched with a child from Sudan. We are planning to take an adoption leave. We are both new at our jobs and have only worked there for the past 20 weeks.", + "question": "When should we give notice to our employers?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 28 days of the sunday in their 26th week", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If they\u2019ve worked for you for less than 26 weeks, they can tell you within 28 days of the Sunday in their 26th week instead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2197" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-paternity-pay-leave", + "scenario": "I am an employer. I have recently granted my employee statutory paternity leave and pay. I have never done this before, and I am unsure as to the requirements.", + "question": "What records should I keep of the situation considering they is adopting a child?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the date statutory paternity pay started", + [] + ], + [ + "the paternity payments you\u2019ve made", + [] + ], + [ + "the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed", + [] + ], + [ + "any weeks you did not pay and why", + [] + ], + [ + "a letter from the adoption agency or a matching certificate", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:

    ", + "
  • the date Statutory Paternity Pay started
    • ", + "
  • the paternity payments you\u2019ve made (including dates)
    • ", + "
  • the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed
    • ", + "
  • any weeks you did not pay and why
    • ", + "
  • if adopting, a letter from the adoption agency or a matching certificate
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2198" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/party-walls-building-works", + "scenario": "My three bedroom house shares a garden wall with our next door neighbour. During a recent storm, the wall partially fell down. The wall was poorly maintained on his side even after I requested that he repairs his side numerous times.", + "question": "Who has to pay for the wall repairs in a situation like this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your neighbour may have to meet a share of the cost", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your neighbour may have to meet a share of the cost if the work needs to be done because of defects or lack of repair. They will also need to pay if they ask for additional works to be done that will benefit them.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2199" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/international-agreement-worker-visa", + "scenario": "My single friend wants to apply for an international agreements work visa. He has been posted to work in the Indian Embassy. He has compiled several evidence documents .", + "question": "What documents are needed other than his passport considering his employer informed him he will be researching very sensitive material?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your certificate of sponsorship reference number", + [] + ], + [ + "evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the uk", + [] + ], + [ + "your tuberculosis test results", + [ + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a valid atas certificate", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test
    • ", + "
  • a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2200" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax", + "scenario": "I live in Scotland and am a full time employee I earn \u00a350,000 per year. I would like to pay self assessment tax returns . I want pay for 2020-2021 tax year. I heard from a friend that I am on a basic rate", + "question": "What will be my tax rate?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "20%", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Basic rate | \u00a314,668 to \u00a325,296 | 20%" + ], + "id": "train-2201" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane", + "scenario": "I live near an trainline. The noise at first was fine, but there seems to be a train that goes by at midnight that makes a ridiculously loud noise. The noise levels have started to affect my health resulting in high blood pressure and high sugar level", + "question": "Who can I contact about this issue?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your local council", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you think that noise levels are affecting your health contact your local council who will investigate on your behalf.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2202" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "scenario": "My employer has missed paying the self assessment tax return on time because the accountant resigned . He has managed to file the returns late by 3 months but paid the tax bill very late.", + "question": "How much penalty Will he pay after the delay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "pay more", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll pay a late filing penalty of \u00a3100 if your tax return is up to 3 months late. You\u2019ll have to pay more if it\u2019s later, or if you pay your tax bill late.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2203" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tier-1-entrepreneur", + "scenario": "I am a business oriented person and I have compiled all the necessary documents to switch from graduate Entrepreneur visa to an Entrepreneur visa . I have a bank account of over \u00a3150,000 to start up my business.", + "question": "How much does it cost to take my biometric information ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a319.20", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. You\u2019ll pay as part of your application.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2204" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-declaration-presumed-death", + "scenario": "We live in England. My brother has not been seen since an earthquake whilst he was on holiday abroad two years ago. He has an estate in the UK I would like to administer for his children. We think he may have died because of the earthquake", + "question": "Is it possible for me to declare my brother dead even though he's only been missing two years?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a claim for a \u2018declaration of presumed death\u2019 from the High Court if someone you know in England and Wales has been missing for:

    ", + "
  • less than 7 years and you think they\u2019ve died, for example they went missing during a natural disaster
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2205" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "scenario": "I am 17 years old, and currently work as an apprentice carpenter in a local joinery. My contract stipulates a 30-hour minimum work week, with payment by the hour rather than by finished work.", + "question": "What right to take rest breaks do I have as an under-18 and work 6 hours a day ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a 30 minute rest break", + [] + ], + [ + "daily rest of 12 hours", + [] + ], + [ + "weekly rest of 48 hours", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Workers have the right to one uninterrupted 20 minute rest break during their working day, if they work more than 6 hours a day. This could be a tea or lunch break.

    ", + "

    Young workers (above school leaving age and under 18) are usually entitled to:

    ", + "
  • a 30 minute rest break if they work more than 4.5 hours (if possible this should be one continuous break)
    • ", + "
  • daily rest of 12 hours
    • ", + "
  • weekly rest of 48 hours
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2206" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paying-inheritance-tax", + "scenario": "My father was a highly successful businessman, with property including a large country house and several holiday homes. Sadly he died 2 months ago. I was named as a beneficiary in his will and now I need to pay the inheritance tax.", + "question": "Is interest payable if I agree to pay it in installments and do I have to pay interest on the first instalment ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You will not pay any interest on the first instalment unless you pay late. On each later instalment you must pay interest on both of the following:

    " + ], + "id": "train-2207" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "scenario": "I own and manage a very small biotechnology startup company, which currently has only four employees. Owing to our small size I run our monthly payroll myself, and file the necessary reports with HMRC. I pay approximately \u00a31300 per month", + "question": "As we are so small, is it possible to make reports and payments at wider intervals than monthly?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2208" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repossession", + "scenario": "My partner and I have been awarded an eviction notice from the courts due to non payment of mortgage. As we have never defaulted before we feel that this is unfair and we want to challenge the court's decision. We feel the judge has made a legal mistake on the verdict", + "question": "Now that the order has been granted is there any way of having it overturned?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "appeal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you think the judge made mistakes about the law or the facts of your case in the original hearing, you may be able to appeal.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2209" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unclaimed-estates-bona-vacantia", + "scenario": "My grandfather died 3 months ago and he did not leave a will. His house is currently empty and bank accounts are untouched. Also he doesn't have a spouse or a child to claim the estate", + "question": "How much of his estate can I claim?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a share", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need to know if you\u2019re entitled before making a claim on an estate. The general rules are:

    ", + "
  • if there\u2019s no spouse or child, anyone descended from a grandparent of the person is entitled to a share in the estate
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2210" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-business-person", + "scenario": "My friend Ramon is in the UK under a Turkish businessperson visa.He operates a viable barbershop business. He has not broken any immigration laws, he has enough money to support himself and his family.He wants more time in the UK to continue running his business. By the way, Ramon has enough funds to support and run his business", + "question": "Can he apply to extend his visa ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can usually apply to extend a Turkish Businessperson visa if you\u2019re in the UK and all of the following are true:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re still able to pay your share of the costs of running the business (its liabilities)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2211" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-will", + "scenario": "I have written a will with a help of a solicitor before six years and I have lot of changes in my assets and I am planning to make some changes to my will", + "question": "Can I make changes to my will once I have signed and witnessed ? Are there any avenues to change the will ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "making an official alteration called a codicil", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot amend your will after it\u2019s been signed and witnessed. The only way you can change a will is by making an official alteration called a codicil.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2212" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repossession", + "scenario": "Good morning. things have not gone well. We have fallen behind on our mortgage payments and we have received notice that the house will be repossessed. We have not taken any advise or help fro anyone till now", + "question": "Where can I get some impartial advise on the repossession notice?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "under the housing possession court duty scheme", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you have not got help before, you can get last-minute legal help under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2213" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-statutory-will", + "scenario": "I am 23 with 2 children and my father recently developed dementia, he was about to add me to the will before being diagnosed but never did. He can't make a will because of the illness he have.", + "question": "Can I add myself to my fathers will?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll also need to prove to the Court of Protection that the person is not able to make a will by themselves.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2214" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-national-insurance-after-state-pension-age", + "scenario": "I was born on the 19th January 1934. I am separated and pay maintenance payments to my wife on a voluntary basis (i.e. not ordered to as part of any settlement). I am looking at applying for the maintenance payment relief.", + "question": "Would I be eligible for this relief?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot claim a tax reduction for any voluntary payments you make.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2215" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights", + "scenario": "I am an employee at a biotechnology startup in Epsom, England. I draw an annual salary of \u00a344,000, am paid monthly and at present have accrued over 20 days of holiday entitlement. I hope to take 10 days (two working weeks) of these in a single block.", + "question": "Should I use the general rule about the amount of notice that I have to give before taking leave, or does the different notice period stipulated in my contract apply instead?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "what\u2019s in the contract", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If the contract says something different about the notice a worker or employer should give, what\u2019s in the contract will apply.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2216" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minister-of-religion-visa", + "scenario": "My friend Mathew is a church minister from Canada. He wishes to come to the UK under Minister of Religion visa and take a pastoral duty for 3 years to a UK based church. He has recently had a new passport issued and is wondering how he can meet the requirement to show his travel history over the past five years.", + "question": "What documents does he need to have to demonstrate this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your certificate of sponsorship reference number", + [] + ], + [ + "proof of your knowledge of english", + [] + ], + [ + "evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the uk", + [] + ], + [ + "a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality", + [] + ], + [ + "expired passports or travel documents", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number (your employer will give you this)
    • ", + "
  • proof of your knowledge of English
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality - you need a blank page in your passport for your visa
    • ", + "
  • expired passports or travel documents if you need them to show your travel history
    • ", + "
  • your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2217" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-employer-or-college-about-criminal-record", + "scenario": "I am 42 and live and work in England. Three years ago I was sentenced to be bound over the keep the peace with no specific \"end date\", after getting into a fight with a neighbour over a parking dispute. I am now looking for a new job.", + "question": "Is my conviction regarded as \"spent\" yet?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    They become spent either:

    ", + "
  • 2 years after you got one, if there\u2019s no end date
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2218" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-an-approved-tachograph-centre", + "scenario": "I am considering applying to setup an approved Tachograph centre. We are looking to recruit the correct people for the role, which will include road testing of vehicles as well as performing tachograph installation and maintenance.", + "question": "What are the requirement for the employees of an ATC?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can only employ \u2018nominated technicians\u2019 to carry out work at an approved tachograph centre (atc). they must be skilled technicians with experience working on tachographs.", + [] + ], + [ + "they must also have a driving licence for the relevant categories of vehicles they\u2019re testing", + [] + ], + [ + "they\u2019ll also need to hold a \u2018certificate of competence\u2019 for each class of tachograph (digital, analogue or both) that they want to work on.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can only employ \u2018nominated technicians\u2019 to carry out work at an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC). They must be skilled technicians with experience working on tachographs.

    ", + "

    If they need to road test vehicles, they must also have a driving licence for the relevant categories of vehicles they\u2019re testing.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll also need to hold a \u2018certificate of competence\u2019 for each class of tachograph (digital, analogue or both) that they want to work on.

    ", + "

    They\u2019ll get this only after they\u2019ve successfully completed a DVSA-approved training course. You\u2019ll find details in the ATC manual.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2219" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "scenario": "I own a four-bedroomed family home on the outskirts of Nuneaton, England, which I am now about to sell. This has been the main residence of myself and my partner and children for the past 18 years, and has a total footprint of just under 400 square meters if the garden is included. No part of the house has ever been let out, or used solely for business purposes.", + "question": "Will I need to pay Capital Gains Tax on the sale of this house?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you have not let part of it out or used part of it for business only
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2220" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-adoption-pay-leave", + "scenario": "My employee is adopting a child from Spain. They had been employed for 36 weeks at the time they informed me about the adoption and gave all of the relevant information. Their pay averaged \u00a3304 per week over the 8 weeks prior to notification, and they are now requesting statutory adoption pay.", + "question": "Is this employee eligible for statutory adoption pay?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Employees must:

    ", + "
  • be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week in an 8-week period - the \u2018relevant period\u2019
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2221" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-buy-buying-your-council-home", + "scenario": "I purchased my current family home in Norwich, England from the local council 9 years ago under the right-to-buy scheme. With my children having now grown up and left home my partner and I are now looking to sell the house and retire to something a little smaller. I offered to sell the house back to the local council three months ago, but they have indicated that they do not wish to purchase it.", + "question": "Can I now sell my home to whomever I like on the open market?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can sell your home to anyone if the landlord does not agree to buy it within 8 weeks.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2222" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reduced-earnings-allowance", + "scenario": "I am currently getting Reduced Earnings Allowance due to having problems finding regular work. I will soon turn 66, which is the state pension age for my cohort, and am wondering what will happen to my benefits when I do.", + "question": "Will I still be eligible for Reduced Earnings Allowance ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Reduced Earnings Allowance will be replaced by another benefit called Retirement Allowance if both the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you reach State Pension age
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2223" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-trust-funds", + "scenario": "My son Richard was born 6 months ago, and has tragically been diagnosed with a progressive neural disease which may retard his mental development as he gets older. I'm thinking about saving something in a Child Trust Fund each month to help pay for his care as an adult, but am worried that he won't be mentally able to use this when it matures.", + "question": "Can I apply for the right to manage this CTF money for him after he turns 18?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your child lacks the mental capacity to manage their account when it matures

    " + ], + "id": "train-2224" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employee-tax-codes", + "scenario": "I have just been appointed finance director for a consulting firm based in the City of London, and my duties will of course include our supervising our payroll. After the disruption caused to HMRC by the pandemic, I am concerned that I may not receive my employees' new tax codes for the next financial year in time. All of the affected employees appear to have codes ending in 'M1'.", + "question": "If I don't receive notification of new employee tax codes from HMRC by the end of March, is it OK to carry forward the existing codes into the next financial year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your employee\u2019s tax code ends with \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018W1\u2019 (\u2018month 1\u2019 or \u2018week 1\u2019), don\u2019t carry this part of the code into the new tax year.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2225" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dvsa-enhanced-rider-scheme-trainer", + "scenario": "I am a 36 year old from Salford and 4 years ago I was a DAS instructor, but my registration for this expired six months ago.", + "question": "Can I instantly renew it or do I need to do any additional training?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can re-register using the same form. you will not have to go through the qualifying process again.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your registration expired in the last 12 months

    ", + "

    You can re-register using the same form. You will not have to go through the qualifying process again.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2226" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/keeping-your-pay-tax-records", + "scenario": "I run my own business. I have submitted my tax return for the tax year ending 5th April 2020. This was submitted on the 7th January 2021, well before the 31st January 2021 deadline.", + "question": "For how long do I have to keep my records for this tax year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "at least 22 months after the end of the tax year the tax return is for.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Tax returns sent on or before the deadline

    ", + "

    You should keep your records for at least 22 months after the end of the tax year the tax return is for.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2227" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands", + "scenario": "I have a business, and am still owed \u00a317,000 by a limited company in the UK for a machine which I supplied to them over 8 years ago. They have recently gone into administration due to lack of funds and have stated that they will not be paying me.", + "question": "If I issue a statutory demand for payment will it assist my case in receiving some of the money owed to me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If the debt\u2019s over 6 years old, you cannot usually make a statutory demand. You can get legal advice instead.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2228" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-deputy", + "scenario": "My Uncle appointed me as his deputy to run his businesses this is after he suffered an heart attack which left him mentally ill and paralysed. I have been running the business to his satisfaction.", + "question": "Will my power as his deputy be valid after he dies, providing that no one manages to get a court order overturning it?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your security bond will remain in force for 2 years after the death of the person you\u2019re a deputy for unless there\u2019s a court order cancelling it.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2229" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-against-a-penalty-charge-notice", + "scenario": "I received a fixed penalty notice for obstruction. However, when I parked my car I was on the same side of the road as everyone else. When I returned the cars were now parking on the other side. The PCN is now due. I tried making a formal challenge but this was rejected", + "question": "Can I now appeal this PCN (and the rejection of my challenge to it) to another authority?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you may be able to appeal to an independent tribunal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You then have 28 days to appeal after you get a \u2018notice of rejection\u2019 to say your formal challenge has failed.

    ", + "

    You may be able to appeal to an independent tribunal against a penalty charge notice (PCN) if you think it\u2019s wrong.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2230" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "scenario": "I own a property in the countryside and I have been abroad for over a year. Upon my return I found out that it had been occupied by squatters without my permission. I want them to leave my property, and to pay for the damage that they have caused while occupying it.", + "question": "Can i apply for an interim possession order?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot use an IPO if:

    ", + "
  • you\u2019re also making a claim for damages caused by the squatters - instead you should make an ordinary claim for possession
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2231" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-tribunal", + "scenario": "I am a UK taxpayer and I believe my income tax has been miscalculated by HMRC. They sent me a letter telling me I owe them \u00a35000, a decision which I subsequently appealed against to the tax tribunal. The tribunal granted me a 'standard' hearing, which concluded yesterday.", + "question": "When will I receive the tribunal decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 2 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually get the tribunal\u2019s decision:

    ", + "
  • in writing within 2 months, if you\u2019ve had a \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018complex\u2019 hearing
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2232" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax", + "scenario": "I live in Scotland and am a full time employee I earn \u00a350,000 per year. I would like to pay self assessment tax returns . I want pay for 2020-2021 tax year.", + "question": "what is the tax rate on my 50,000 pound per year salary ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "41%", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Higher rate | \u00a343,663 to \u00a3150,000 | 41%" + ], + "id": "train-2233" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-lawful-development-certificate-decision", + "scenario": "I have a semi detached house and my living room space was small so I decided to extent my living room. Driving way parking is close to the living room so I decided utilise that space. I applied for a lawful development certificate. I have lost money due to a person involved in the process missing a deadline.", + "question": "My application was rejected but I appealed the decision. what happens after I appeal ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the planning inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid.", + [] + ], + [ + "the planning inspectorate will then consider your appeal", + [] + ], + [ + "you can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal against a lawful development certificate decision if either:

    ", + "
  • you disagree with it
    • ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.

    ", + "

    The Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.

    ", + "

    You can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2234" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-businesses", + "scenario": "I am running a business which is selling toys for kids under 10. Recently I got a big stock of toys and sold most of them. I have few left over toys which I am planning to donate to a charity. The charity is not registered with the Charity Commission for England and Wales.", + "question": "What evidence do I need to verify the charity I am giving the goods are eligible for zero or reduced rate of VAT ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "evidence that they\u2019re a charity", + [] + ], + [ + "a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming they meet the conditions for the particular vat relief", + [] + ], + [ + "their charity commission registration number", + [] + ], + [ + "a letter of recognition from hm revenue and customs (hmrc) if they\u2019re not registered with the charity commission for england and wales (for example if they\u2019re a scottish or northern irish charity)", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    As a VAT-registered business, you can sell certain goods and services to charities at the zero or reduced rate of VAT.

    ", + "

    It\u2019s your responsibility to check the charity is eligible, and to apply the correct rate.

    ", + "

    To make sure the charity is eligible, ask them for:

    ", + "
  • evidence that they\u2019re a charity
    • ", + "
  • a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming they meet the conditions for the particular VAT relief
    • ", + "

    The charity should give you either:

    ", + "
  • their Charity Commission registration number
    • ", + "
  • a letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if they\u2019re not registered with the Charity Commission for England and Wales (for example if they\u2019re a Scottish or Northern Irish charity)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2235" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "scenario": "I make homemade toffee and fudge to sell at a local market store. This is sold loose according to how much the customer wants. I use pounds to measure weight of my fudge.", + "question": "Could I be in trouble if I sold the goods in imperial units?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must use metric measurements (grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres) when selling packaged or loose goods in England, Scotland or Wales.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2236" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/respond-to-court-claim-for-money", + "scenario": "I run a door lock repair business. Due to the pandemic, there was not much work and borrowed some money from a small money lending firm and could not repay it and they have filed a court claim. The claimant has not accepted my offer of instalment payments.", + "question": "I am prepared to pay the money in instalments. Will the court accept me paying in instalments ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If the claimant does not accept your offer, the court will decide how you pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2237" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-childminder-nanny", + "scenario": "It has been my ambition to work with children for a long time and I would like to go abroad to work as a nanny, particularly for children under five. I submitted my application of registration but unfortunately got rejected. I do not agree with this decision.", + "question": "What actions can I task if my application is refused?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "appeal to an independent tribunal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you disagree with Ofsted\u2019s final decision, you can appeal to an independent tribunal.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2238" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "scenario": "I am self employed as a carer and often drive my own car to the homes of those I support. I have not yet claimed any of the expenses for my business profits.", + "question": "Can I use a flat rate for my vehicle mileage when I calculate it at the end of the year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2239" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "scenario": "I have a medium sized dairy farm in England and am starting to sell my own milk. The milk will be packaged in glass bottles which the customers can later return.", + "question": "Can I sell my milk in imperial pints without reference to metric measurements on the returnable glass bottles?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The only products you can sell in imperial measures are:

    ", + "
  • milk in returnable containers by pint
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2240" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-childminder-nanny", + "scenario": "It has been my ambition to work with children for a long time and I would like to go abroad to work as a nanny, particularly for children under five. I submitted my application of registration but unfortunately got rejected.", + "question": "What actions can I take if the decision I was sent also included a 'notice of intention' ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "object to a decision", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can object to a decision if you\u2019ve been sent a \u2018notice of intention\u2019.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2241" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "scenario": "I am self employed as a carer and often drive my own car to the homes of those I support. I have claimed capital allowance on this vecihle.", + "question": "Can I use a simplified expenses rate for my vehicle mileage when I calculate it at the end of the year?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2242" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "scenario": "I am a farmer in Oxfordshire. The farm includes several stable blocks, in which I rent out some of the space to nearby horse owners, who own them for recreational use.", + "question": "Do I need to pay business rates on the stables?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You usually need to pay business rates on your stables, unless you use your horses for farming.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2243" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing", + "scenario": "I used to work in the head office for a major UK supermarket with a 30% market share. My role included setting prices for a number of products. We used to have regular meetings with our competitors to discuss offers and pricing, to make sure each shop had a number of low priced \"draw in\" products at any one time. I recently realized this is cartel.", + "question": "What penalty could I get if I'm ever prosecuted over my involvement in this cartel activity?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years if you\u2019re found guilty of being involved in cartel activity.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2244" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor", + "scenario": "i am self employed and have a business with a UTR that is registered as a sole trader. i would like to enter the construction business but i'm finding it difficult to register for the constructin industry scheme.", + "question": "Can I apply for the scheme online as a sole trader?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re a sole trader and you already have a UTR, you can register for CIS online. You\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for Self Assessment (or another government service).

    " + ], + "id": "train-2245" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing", + "scenario": "I used to work in the head office for a major UK supermarket with a 30% market share. My role included setting prices for a number of products. We used to have regular meetings with our competitors to discuss offers and pricing, to make sure each shop had a number of low priced \"draw in\" products at any one time. I recently realized this is cartel.", + "question": "what would be my penalty as a director ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "disqualified from being a director for up to 15 years", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Company directors can be disqualified from being a director for up to 15 years.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2246" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing", + "scenario": "I used to work in the head office for a major UK supermarket with a 30% market share. My role included setting prices for a number of products. We used to have regular meetings with our competitors to discuss offers and pricing, to make sure each shop had a number of low priced \"draw in\" products at any one time. I recently realized this is cartel.", + "question": "what penalty will i get if i report a cartel that i may have been involved with ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "treated with leniency", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may:

    ", + "
  • be treated with leniency if you report a cartel you\u2019ve been involved with
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2247" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/liquidate-your-company", + "scenario": "i am the owner and director of a limited company that has been active for 8 years. i am from spain and would like to move back there and so have began the process of liquidating the company. there are also some funds attached to the company in its bank account.", + "question": "While my application is in progress what happens to my funds in the bank ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your company\u2019s bank account will be frozen", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your company\u2019s bank account will be frozen when someone files a petition to wind up the company.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2248" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-tax-rate-tables", + "scenario": "My mother bought a new car at a list price of \u00a345000 in 2020. She has registered it and paid the needed vehicle tax rate.", + "question": "When will she have to pay the next vehicle tax?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have to pay an extra \u00a3335 a year if you have a car or motorhome with a \u2018list price\u2019 (the published price before any discounts) of more than \u00a340,000. You do not have to pay this if you have a zero emission vehicle.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2249" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-after-crime", + "scenario": "My sister was put in a hospital after suffering severe domestic abuse. I have become extremely anxious due to this. The crime was reported, and it is going to court.", + "question": "Is there any further support to help my anxiety?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get information quicker", + [] + ], + [ + "protection in court", + [ + "
  • protection in court if you need to give evidence
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "specialist help and advice", + [] + ], + [ + "a family liaison officer", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get extra support if you:

    ", + "
  • are the victim of a serious crime
    • ", + "
  • have been a victim of crime repeatedly - for example you\u2019re being targeted, harassed or stalked
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re the victim of a serious crime if it was:

    ", + "
  • domestic abuse
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to:

    ", + "
  • get information quicker - usually within 24 hours
    • ", + "
  • protection in court if you need to give evidence
    • ", + "
  • specialist help and advice
    • ", + "
  • a Family Liaison Officer - if you\u2019re a close relative of the victim
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2250" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-after-crime", + "scenario": "My brother was severely beaten and is still in the hospital. I have reported this crime to the police, and I have been told it is going to court. My brother was able to compose a personal statement.", + "question": "What can I use my brother's personal statement for in court?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a witness care officer who will support you", + [ + "

    If you\u2019re asked to give evidence, the police will pass your details to a Witness Care Officer who will support you before and during the trial.

    " + ] + ], + [ + "read your victim personal statement to them", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re asked to give evidence, the police will pass your details to a Witness Care Officer who will support you before and during the trial.

    ", + "

    If the defendant is found guilty, you may be able to read your victim personal statement to them.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2251" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-asylum-tribunal", + "scenario": "I moved to the UK seven years ago. I had the right of movement due to being from France, an EU member state. I have been told that I am going to lose have my status revoked. I currently live in the UK. I have submitted an appeal form outlining the information I would like the tribunal to make their decision on.", + "question": "Do I need to attend a hearing for my appeal?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can ask on your appeal form for a decision to be made either:

    ", + "
  • just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2252" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-land-registration-tribunal", + "scenario": "I have lost a land case to my neighbor who acquired it through fraud. I didn't receive timely court proceedings and I am saddened by the decision.", + "question": "Can i appeal the decision considering it is not satisfactory to me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the Upper tribunal (Land Chamber) if you\u2019re not happy with the verdict. You must ask the First-tier Tribunal for permission first.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2253" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-statement-to-the-parole-board", + "scenario": "My neighbor was attacked and raped by two gangsters at night in her house.she later identified them and were jailed. She just received news that they are on parole and soon will be released. She is extremely distressed about the situation and would like to do everything to keep them in jail. Unfortunately her mental state might not allow her to fight her case on her own.", + "question": "Can she ask someone else to make a victim personal statement to the parole board?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can make a victim personal statement if you\u2019re a close relative of a victim who:

    ", + "
  • cannot make a statement themselves - for example, because of mental incapacity or illness
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2254" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jury-service", + "scenario": "My Aunt is self-employed and has received a jury service summon. This will cost her 10 working days out of work and loss of income. This will also lead to cost driving from home to the court. She was informed she will need to attend court for a maximum of 3 hours each day.", + "question": "How much can she claim back daily?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a332.47", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    For the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2255" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/community-sentences", + "scenario": "I have been convicted for assault and have been sentenced to community service for 60 hours. I am 27 years old and have a full time job at a grocery store.", + "question": "When will I be able to complete my community service hours?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "outside your working hours", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The Community Payback work will be arranged outside your working hours if you have a job, for example evenings or weekends.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2256" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals", + "scenario": "I participated in an employment tribunal against my employer with a group of colleagues back in October of 2016. I was not lead claimant, but I did pay for the tribunal fees.", + "question": "Am I able to get a refund on the tribunal fees?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can get a refund if you paid fees at an Employment Tribunal or Employment Appeals Tribunal between 29 July 2013 and 26 July 2017.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2257" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-an-mot", + "scenario": "My car is over three years old and do not think I need an MOT. I drive to and from work daily and rely on the vehicle for everything.", + "question": "When must I get a new MOT test done on my car?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the anniversary of its last mot", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must get an MOT for your vehicle by either:

    ", + "
  • the anniversary of its last MOT, if it\u2019s over 3 years old
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2258" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stopped-by-police-while-driving-your-rights", + "scenario": "My sister passed her driving test in July 2019 . Last week she was pulled over because she was driving while using her mobile phone. This is here first ever traffic violation and her license has not been deducted any points before.", + "question": "Can she get banned from driving?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be fined up to \u00a3200 and get penalty points on your licence if you get a fixed penalty notice - you may be disqualified from driving if you build up 12 points within 3 years.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2259" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-land-registration-tribunal", + "scenario": "I had to appear in front of the land registration tribunal last month. The problem is I was never notified of when the hearing was scheduled for and the tribunal reached a decision, not in my favor, without my attendance.", + "question": "Which tribunal should I contact to request of the dismissal of this decision, since I am sure the tribunal's procedure was problematic?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the first-tier tribunal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can also ask the First-tier Tribunal to set aside their decision if you think there was a problem with the tribunal\u2019s procedure, for example you did not receive a notice of a hearing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2260" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-land-registration-tribunal", + "scenario": "I had to appear in front of the land registration tribunal last month. The problem is I was never notified of when the hearing was scheduled for and the tribunal reached a decision, not in my favor, without my attendance. I am not happy that the verdict was given in my absence", + "question": "Which tribunal should I contact to request of the dismissal of this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the upper tribunal", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can appeal to the Upper tribunal (Land Chamber) if you\u2019re not happy with the verdict. You must ask the First-tier Tribunal for permission first.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2261" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-medical-conditions", + "scenario": "I passed my driver's licence. I failed to inform the DVLA about having epilepsy when I applied for for my licence. I have now been involved in an accident.", + "question": "What punishment could I face for failing to inform about having epilepsy and met with an accident ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "prosecuted", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You could be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA about a condition that might affect your ability to drive safely. You could also be prosecuted if you have an accident.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2262" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-tax-class", + "scenario": "I am the new owner of a lorry that has had modifications to its engine. I am currently looking at the tax ramifications, and potentially need to change the tax class. I live in Northern Ireland", + "question": "What documents do I send to the DVLA?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the v5c vehicle registration certificate (log book) with any changes marked on it", + [] + ], + [ + "a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018dvla, swansea\u2019 for any extra vehicle tax you have to pay", + [] + ], + [ + "a current mot certificate", + [ + "
  • a current MOT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "written proof", + [] + ], + [ + "an insurance certificate or cover note", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Send the form to DVLA with:

    ", + "
  • the V5C vehicle registration certificate (log book) with any changes marked on it
    • ", + "
  • a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVLA, Swansea\u2019 for any extra vehicle tax you have to pay - damaged or altered cheques will not be accepted
    • ", + "
  • a current MOT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)
    • ", + "
  • written proof if you\u2019ve decreased engine size or changed fuel type, for example a new engine receipt or letter from the garage that made the change
    • ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the V5C, download and fill in a V62 form. Send it to DVLA with the \u00a325 fee.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2263" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leaving-prison", + "scenario": "I have just left prison and I am now homeless and have no money. I am also stuggling to get a job as no one hires people who have been in prison. I am in UK Citizen and live in Wales", + "question": "What are the support available for people who have just left prison?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "universal credit", + [] + ], + [ + "jobseeker\u2019s allowance", + [] + ], + [ + "help from your local council", + [] + ], + [ + "scottish welfare fund", + [ + "
  • Scottish Welfare Fund in Scotland
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "discretionary assistance fund", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A person leaving prison may get the following financial support:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • help from your local council
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Welfare Fund in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales
    • ", + "

    Prisons may also work with organisations in their local area, such as charities, to help prisoners prepare for their release. You can find out about these organisations in the prison information pages.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2264" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals", + "scenario": "I won an employment tribunal case against my employer. I was awarded compensation for the unfair dismissal of which I was a victim. The employer has not paid. I live in England at the moment", + "question": "What are the further actions I can take?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "ask the local county court to send an enforcement officer to get the money from the respondent", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in England or Wales

    ", + "

    You can also ask the local county court to send an enforcement officer to get the money from the respondent. This costs \u00a344.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2265" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/community-sentences", + "scenario": "I have been convicted for assault and have been sentenced to community service for 60 hours. I am 27 years old and have been diagnosed with a mental health condition. I am currently unemployed", + "question": "How long can I work to complete the sentenced hours?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "3 or 4 days each week", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You have to work 3 or 4 days each week if you\u2019re unemployed.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2266" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-magistrates-court-decision", + "scenario": "I have a court hearing as my sentence has been appealed, I have no idea what this means or what the process will be of my appeal.", + "question": "What happens after the hearing at the Crown Court if I win the appeal ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "it will be reduced", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you win your appeal against your sentence, it will be reduced.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2267" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/criminal-injuries-compensation-tribunal", + "scenario": "My mother made an appeal to challenge the CICA decision .She sustained body injuries after an acid attack on her way home.She doesn't want to meet the offender during the court hearing but the police officer who handles our case can be of real help to the tribunal", + "question": "Who are the people who attends the hearing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "2 or 3 tribunal judges or members", + [] + ], + [ + "a clerk", + [] + ], + [ + "a representative from cica", + [] + ], + [ + "any witnesses", + [] + ], + [ + "a police officer", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The hearing will be attended by:

    ", + "
  • 2 or 3 tribunal judges or members
    • ", + "
  • a clerk
    • ", + "
  • a representative from CICA
    • ", + "
  • any witnesses
    • ", + "

    A police officer who knows about your case may also attend if they can help the tribunal.

    ", + "

    Offenders do not usually attend tribunal hearings.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2268" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transport-disabled", + "scenario": "I am disabled and use a wheelchair to move around. I needed to get on the bus and driver refused to help to get onto the bus. I told the bus driver that I am unhappy with his response", + "question": "Are they any channel in which I can make a complain?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "complain to the bus or coach service operator directly", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the bus or coach service operator directly.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2269" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus", + "scenario": "I am a 21 year old female and it has been a few years since I passed my driving test. I am happy with being anle to drive although the amount of insurence I have to pay is very high. I have passed Pass Plus as well", + "question": "Is there a way I can get a discount on my insurance? Is it sure that I will get discounts for passing Pass Plus ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The amount of discount depends on the insurance company. Not all insurers offer Pass Plus discounts.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2270" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transport-disabled", + "scenario": "I am disabled and use a wheelchair to move around. I needed to get on the bus and driver refused to help to get onto the bus. I complained this to the bus operator and they cannot resolve my problem. They run regular services in London", + "question": "Are they any channel in which I can make a complain?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "london travelwatch", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you cannot resolve the problem with the operator, contact:

    ", + "
  • London TravelWatch for complaints about services in London
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2271" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "scenario": "I am an elderly man and I have a mobility scooter although I don\u2019t know if I am able to register it or not, I also have bad vision and will need help with viewing the computer when registering.", + "question": "Do I need to register my mobility scooter which is classed as class 2 invalid carriage ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You do not need to register a class 2 invalid carriage.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2272" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-after-crime", + "scenario": "My farther was murdered a few weeks ago whilst walking in the streets and I want to know how the investigation is going and if any progress has been made. I have some lead from a neighbour and want to submit the evidence", + "question": "What support can I get being closely effected by a crime?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get information quicker", + [] + ], + [ + "protection in court", + [] + ], + [ + "specialist help and advice", + [] + ], + [ + "a family liaison officer", + [ + "
  • a Family Liaison Officer - if you\u2019re a close relative of the victim
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get extra support if you:

    ", + "
  • are a close relative of someone who died because of a crime - for example their partner, child or sibling
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re the victim of a serious crime if it was:

    ", + "
  • attempted murder
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to:

    ", + "
  • get information quicker - usually within 24 hours
    • ", + "
  • protection in court if you need to give evidence
    • ", + "
  • specialist help and advice
    • ", + "
  • a Family Liaison Officer - if you\u2019re a close relative of the victim
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2273" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-magistrates-court-decision", + "scenario": "I have a court hearing as my sentence has been appealed, I have no idea what this means or what the process will be of my appeal. I have paid a solicitor fee of \u00a3100", + "question": "What happens after the hearing at the Crown Court and can I get my solicitor fee and makes decision on that ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "you can get some of your legal costs paid back", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The court might decide you can get some of your legal costs paid back, for example your solicitor\u2019s fee.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2274" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/litigation-friend", + "scenario": "A mentally handicapped person was involved in a drunk driving incident and the case has been taken to a court after being reported to the police. A CFO account worth more than \u00a350000 has been awarded to the victim and therefore a close friend has been appointed as a litigation friend.", + "question": "What's the duty of her litigation friend?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "make decisions in their best interests", + [] + ], + [ + "do everything you can to tell them what\u2019s happening in the case and find out their wishes and feelings", + [] + ], + [ + "talk to their solicitor about what\u2019s happening, get advice from them and give instructions to them in the other person\u2019s best interests", + [] + ], + [ + "pay any costs ordered by the court", + [] + ], + [ + "manage the account for them", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be appointed as litigation friend to make decisions about a court case for either:

    ", + "
  • an adult who lacks the mental capacity to manage their own court case either with or without a solicitor
    • ", + "

    You must \u2018direct the proceedings\u2019 on behalf of the other person if you\u2019re their litigation friend. This means you\u2019ll:

    ", + "
  • make decisions in their best interests
    • ", + "
  • do everything you can to tell them what\u2019s happening in the case and find out their wishes and feelings
    • ", + "
  • talk to their solicitor about what\u2019s happening, get advice from them and give instructions to them in the other person\u2019s best interests
    • ", + "
  • pay any costs ordered by the court
    • ", + "

    If you\u2019re the deputy of an adult awarded more than \u00a350,000 into a CFO account, you\u2019ll need to manage the account for them. The Court of Protection may agree that a deputy is not needed.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2275" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "scenario": "I am an elderly man and I have a mobility scooter, which the supplier told me counts as a \"class 3 invalid carriage\". I don\u2019t know if I am able to register it or not, I also have bad vision and will need help with viewing the computer when registering.", + "question": "Do I need to register my mobility scooter?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must register class 3 invalid carriages.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2276" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-after-crime", + "scenario": "My farther was murdered a few weeks ago whilst walking in the streets and I want to know how the investigation is going and if any progress has been made.", + "question": "Who will be assigned to support me and keep me informed of progress in the case?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "get information quicker", + [] + ], + [ + "protection in court", + [ + "
  • protection in court if you need to give evidence
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "specialist help and advice", + [] + ], + [ + "a family liaison officer", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may get extra support if you:

    ", + "
  • are a close relative of someone who died because of a crime - for example their partner, child or sibling
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re the victim of a serious crime if it was:

    ", + "
  • attempted murder
    • ", + "

    You\u2019re entitled to:

    ", + "
  • get information quicker - usually within 24 hours
    • ", + "
  • protection in court if you need to give evidence
    • ", + "
  • specialist help and advice
    • ", + "
  • a Family Liaison Officer - if you\u2019re a close relative of the victim
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2277" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leaving-prison", + "scenario": "I have just left The Big Hoose (HMP Barlinnie in Glasgow, Scotland) and I am now homeless and have no money. I am also struggling to get a job as no one hires people who have been in prison.", + "question": "What are the support available for people who have just left prison?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "universal credit", + [] + ], + [ + "jobseeker\u2019s allowance", + [] + ], + [ + "help from your local council", + [] + ], + [ + "scottish welfare fund", + [] + ], + [ + "discretionary assistance fund", + [ + "
  • Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A person leaving prison may get the following financial support:

    ", + "
  • Universal Credit
    • ", + "
  • Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance
    • ", + "
  • help from your local council
    • ", + "
  • Scottish Welfare Fund in Scotland
    • ", + "
  • Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales
    • ", + "

    Prisons may also work with organisations in their local area, such as charities, to help prisoners prepare for their release. You can find out about these organisations in the prison information pages.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2278" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals", + "scenario": "I won an employment tribunal case against my employer in Mallaig, Scotland. I was awarded compensation for unfair dismissal, which I was a victim of. The employer has not paid.", + "question": "What are the further actions I can take?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "write to the office that heard your case and ask for an \u2018extract of the judgment\u2019", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in Scotland

    ", + "

    Write to the office that heard your case and ask for an \u2018extract of the judgment\u2019. A sheriff officer can use this to force the respondent to pay.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2279" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rights-disabled-person", + "scenario": "My Uncle is scheduled for a police interview tomorrow and he is deaf . His inability places him at a disadvantage since he can't articulate and hear well .", + "question": "Do the police have to provide an interpreter when they interview my uncle, even if there is a delay in obtaining one?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The police should arrange for an interpreter to be present with you. The police can interview you without an interpreter if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2280" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jury-service", + "scenario": "My Aunt is self-employed and has received a jury service summons. This will cost her 10 full (8-hour) working days out of work with corresponding loss of income, and also the cost of driving from home to the court.", + "question": "How much can she claim back?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a364.95 a day", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    For the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:

    ", + "
  • \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2281" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jury-service", + "scenario": "My Aunt is self-employed and has received a jury service summon. This will cost her 10 working days out of work and loss of income. This will also lead to cost driving from home to the court.", + "question": "How much can she claim back for food and drink if she spends 11 hours a day in court?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a312.17 per day", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day" + ], + "id": "train-2282" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals", + "scenario": "I won an employment tribunal case against my employer in Swansea, Wales. I was awarded compensation for the unfair dismissal of which I was a victim. The employer has not paid.", + "question": "What are the further actions I can take?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "use the fast track scheme to send a high court enforcement officer - similar to a bailiff - to demand payment from the respondent", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in England or Wales

    ", + "

    You can use the Fast Track scheme to send a High Court Enforcement Officer - similar to a bailiff - to demand payment from the respondent.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2283" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leaving-prison", + "scenario": "I am due to be released from prison soon and I have a young child who is currently staying with my parents. Although we are going to be staying with them after I leave prison, I will be my child's sole carer.", + "question": "Can I apply to see my child before leaving prison, so they can adjust to seeing me?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    A childcare resettlement licence lets a prisoner spend time with their child. They can only apply for this if they\u2019ll be the sole carer of a child when they finish their prison sentence.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2284" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "scenario": "I own three houses. Two of these houses, situated in England, are now empty, and will remain so for the next six months. They will continue to be empty for at least three years due to personal circumstances.", + "question": "Are there any Council Tax reductions that I can get for these two properties?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be charged up to double your Council Tax if your home has been empty for 2 years or more (unless it\u2019s an annexe or you\u2019re in the armed forces).

    " + ], + "id": "train-2285" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "scenario": "I have inherited a piece of land from my late grandmother.It was unregistered and I would like to register it for the first time and use my name. My grandmother was the sole registered owner of the property.", + "question": "What are the documents I would need to submit with my application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form", + [] + ], + [ + "a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a land transaction return certificate", + [ + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Include the same forms as for registering for the first time and include either:

    ", + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • ", + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • ", + "

    You may also need to send:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • ", + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • ", + "
  • a certified copy of the lease, if you\u2019re applying to register leasehold land or property
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2286" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "scenario": "I have just bought a new property. I have found that this property has never been registered. I am now looking into registering the property. This is not shown in the deeds.", + "question": "How do I register the property?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "search the register to make sure your property is not already registered", + [] + ], + [ + "apply for a search from the land charges department to search against all previous owners since 1925", + [] + ], + [ + "fill in an application for first registration", + [] + ], + [ + "prepare a scale plan showing where the land is outlined", + [] + ], + [ + "find the forms you need depending on your circumstances and fill out 2 copies of the list of documents form", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must register all land or property with HM Land Registry if you\u2019ve:

    ", + "
  • bought it
    • ", + "

    Land or property must be registered for the first time if it\u2019s unregistered when you take ownership of it or mortgage it.

    ", + "
  • Search the register to make sure your property is not already registered.
    • ", + "
  • Apply for a search from the Land Charges Department to search against all previous owners since 1925. They will send you the results.
    • ", + "
  • Fill in an application for first registration.
    • ", + "
  • Prepare a scale plan showing where the land is outlined, if it\u2019s not shown in the deeds.
    • ", + "
  • Find the forms you need depending on your circumstances and fill out 2 copies of the list of documents form.
    • ", + "
  • Find out the correct registration fee - this depends on the value of your property.
    • ", + "
  • Send your documents, forms and fee to HM Land Registry.
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2287" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "scenario": "My friend Mark owns a canoe boat along the river Severn. It is not registered nor licensed . He sometimes rows it to different waterways during summer.", + "question": "Can he be penalised for non-registration if he is a member of British Canoeing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2288" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renting-out-a-property", + "scenario": "I have done repairs to my property and it has cost me a lot of money. I want to increase the monthly rent by a small margin. This is a periodic tenancy.", + "question": "How can I increase the rent?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "use a \u2018landlord\u2019s notice proposing a new rent\u2019 form, giving your tenant at least a month\u2019s notice", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    For a periodic tenancy, you can:

    ", + "
  • use a \u2018Landlord\u2019s notice proposing a new rent\u2019 form, giving your tenant at least a month\u2019s notice
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2289" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "scenario": "My brother wants to buy a canoe boat to spend his summer holiday rowing along the river Thames. He wants to register so that he can use it. My brother is a current member of British Canoeing.", + "question": "Will he need to insure it ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2290" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renting-out-a-property", + "scenario": "I have done repairs to my property and it has cost me a lot of money .I want to increase the monthly rent by a small margin. My tenant has a periodic tenancy for the property.", + "question": "How can I increase the rent?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "agree a rent increase with your tenants and produce a written record of the agreement that you both sign", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    For a periodic tenancy, you can:

    ", + "
  • agree a rent increase with your tenants and produce a written record of the agreement that you both sign
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2291" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "scenario": "I have inherited a piece of land from my late grandmother.It was unregistered and I would like to register it for the first time and use my name. I have paid stamp duty for the inherited land.", + "question": "What are the documents I would need to submit with my application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a land transaction return certificate", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Include the same forms as for registering for the first time and include either:

    ", + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • ", + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • ", + "

    You may also need to send:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • ", + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • ", + "
  • a certified copy of the lease, if you\u2019re applying to register leasehold land or property
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2292" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "scenario": "I have inherited a piece of land from my late grandmother.It was unregistered and I would like to register it for the first time and use my name. There are few unregistered interests on the property as well", + "question": "What are the documents I would need to submit with my application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form", + [] + ], + [ + "a land transaction return certificate", + [ + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Include the same forms as for registering for the first time and include either:

    ", + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • ", + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • ", + "

    You may also need to send:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • ", + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • ", + "
  • a certified copy of the lease, if you\u2019re applying to register leasehold land or property
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2293" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-minor-commercial-development-decision", + "scenario": "I have tried to make alterations to the shop front. My application to the planning committee was rejected. Five weeks have past, and after being informed that this should have been accepted, we are considering appealing the decision. I have received an enforcement notice 30 days ago", + "question": "Are we still able to appeal this decision?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice - you must appeal within 28 days of the notice.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2294" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "scenario": "I am in the process of selling a home for \u00a3300,000. I am selling this property through an estate agent. I have found out that the estate agent has not informed me of all buyer offers. I have already complained to the estate agent about this issue, and they have failed to respond.", + "question": "How can I complain about this?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "property redress scheme", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must complain to the estate agent first and give them a fair chance to sort out your complaint. If they do not, you can complain to one of the following schemes:

    ", + "
  • Property Redress Scheme
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2295" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-agreements-a-guide-for-landlords", + "scenario": "I am planning to rent out my home on a short-term basis. I am uncertain as to whether I will need to use it again in the future, and so I want the option to be able to terminate my tenant's rent at any time. The prospective tenant has agreed to have this put in the contract.", + "question": "Is there an agreement that can be made with the tenant for this purpose?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If there\u2019s a break clause in the tenancy agreement, you can give your tenants notice after this. However, you do not have a guaranteed right to possession during the first 6 months of the tenancy.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2296" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "scenario": "I have inherited a share in a piece of land from my late grandmother, who owned it jointly with my now-widowed grandfather. It was unregistered and I would like to register it for the first time and use my name, with my grandfather's agreement.", + "question": "What form does my grandfather need to complete to authorise this registration?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form", + [] + ], + [ + "a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a land transaction return certificate", + [ + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Include the same forms as for registering for the first time and include either:

    ", + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • ", + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • ", + "

    You may also need to send:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • ", + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • ", + "
  • a certified copy of the lease, if you\u2019re applying to register leasehold land or property
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2297" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "scenario": "My brother and his partner are tenants in common. They are now officially married and would like to have full rights to the property. They want to change the property ownership from tenants in common to joint tenants. The property is currently owned by two persons", + "question": "Can that be possible?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You need the agreement of all the other joint owners to change from being tenants in common to joint tenants.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2298" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "scenario": "I am the owner of a property in England. I have recently change my surname at the registry office. I am looking to update my details on the registration. I am not sending a certificate nor using a conveyancer.", + "question": "How do I apply to change my details on the registration?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "use application form ap1", + [ + "
  • an official or certified copy of a certificate showing the name change, such as a marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "
  • a copy of a deed poll
    • ", + "
  • a statement of truth
    • ", + "
  • a statutory declaration sworn before someone able to take oaths
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "send additional proof", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Use application form AP1 if you have any of the following documents:

    ", + "
  • an official or certified copy of a certificate showing the name change, such as a marriage or civil partnership certificate
    • ", + "
  • a copy of a deed poll
    • ", + "
  • a statement of truth
    • ", + "
  • a statutory declaration sworn before someone able to take oaths
    • ", + "

    You must also send additional proof if you\u2019re not sending a certificate or using a conveyancer (for example a solicitor). When you send from AP1, include both:

    " + ], + "id": "train-2299" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renting-out-a-property", + "scenario": "I have made repairs to my rental property, and it has cost me a lot of money. I want to increase the monthly rent for my fixed-term tenant by a small margin, as is specifically allowed by our agreement.", + "question": "How can I increase the rent?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "stick to this", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If a fixed-term tenancy agreement says how the rent can be increased, you must stick to this.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2300" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-about-tree-order", + "scenario": "I own some land that has an old tree. This tree is protected by a preservation order. The roots of this tree are damaging the foundations of my house. My application to cut it down was rejected 20 days ago.", + "question": "Am I still able to appeal against this decision, if there are 5 days until the tree replacement notice comes into effect?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must appeal:

    ", + "
  • before the date the tree replacement notice comes into effect
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2301" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "scenario": "I have inherited a piece of land from my late grandmother.It was unregistered and I would like to register it for the first time and use my name.", + "question": "What are the documents I would need to submit with my application, considering the fact that I am not a legal professional of any sort?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form", + [] + ], + [ + "a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form", + [ + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a land transaction return certificate", + [ + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Include the same forms as for registering for the first time and include either:

    ", + "
  • a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will
    • ", + "
  • a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share
    • ", + "

    You may also need to send:

    ", + "
  • a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer
    • ", + "
  • a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry
    • ", + "
  • a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)
    • ", + "
  • a certified copy of the lease, if you\u2019re applying to register leasehold land or property
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2302" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "scenario": "I am in the process of selling a home for \u00a3300,000. I am selling this property through an estate agent. I have found out that the estate agent has not informed me of all buyer offers.", + "question": "Who else can I complain to about this if the estate agent rejects my initial complaint?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the property ombudsman", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You must complain to the estate agent first and give them a fair chance to sort out your complaint. If they do not, you can complain to one of the following schemes:

    ", + "
  • The Property Ombudsman
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2303" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "scenario": "I am one of two tenants owning a property as joint tenants. I want to sell the property, but the other tenant has lost the mental capacity to make a decision, and the lasting power of attorney which they had registered beforehand has been activated, with myself as the attorney.", + "question": "Do I have to appoint someone to represent the other tenant?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may not need to apply if you\u2019ve got a registered power of attorney.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2304" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus", + "scenario": "I am 21 and live in London. I passed my driving test and received my license 3 months ago. I own a car, and am now shopping around for car insurance. My insurer offers the Pass Plus discounts.", + "question": "Can taking the Pass Plus course get me a discount on my car insurance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    The amount of discount depends on the insurance company. Not all insurers offer Pass Plus discounts.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2305" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transport-disabled", + "scenario": "I am 42 and partially sighted, which requires me to be accompanied by my guide dog Bella when out in public. I wish to visit London, and will be arriving by train. The taxi driver that I have hailed does not have an exemption certificate.", + "question": "If I hail a taxi at the station, is the driver obliged to allow my guide dog to accompany me in the car?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you travel with an assistance dog they must be allowed into the taxi or minicab with you, unless the driver has an exemption certificate. This can be issued if they\u2019ve got a medical condition made worse by contact with dogs.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2306" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minister-of-religion-visa", + "scenario": "My friend John is in the UK on a Minister of Religion visa . He works as a church minister as a voluntary unpaid worker but wants to take a second job. He needs some information. I will be working 15 hours per week in another ministerial role.", + "question": "What are the specified areas he can look for a second Job?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the same profession as your main job", + [] + ], + [ + "a profession on the skilled worker shortage occupation list", + [ + "

    You can take a second job on this visa if you\u2019re working up to 20 hours a week in either:

    " + ] + ], + [ + "unpaid voluntary work", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can take a second job on this visa if you\u2019re working up to 20 hours a week in either:

    ", + "
  • the same profession as your main job
    • ", + "
  • a profession on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list
    • ", + "

    You can also do unpaid voluntary work.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2307" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-family-visa", + "scenario": "I am a 32 year old who is planning to come to the UK on a family visa, along with my 10 year old son and 34 year old spouse. We have a combined income of \u00a320,000. My son is a citizen of Iceland, and does not have settled status in the UK.", + "question": "Is our income enough for us to be allowed to the UK on a family visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You might not need to prove you have extra money if your children are citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland and they do not have pre-settled status or are not permanently settled in the UK. Check the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2308" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "scenario": "My child, who is 9 years old, is eligible for a child student visa. I am about to apply for the parent of a child student visa to stay with my child for a year in the UK. I am from Cambodia that supposedly requires a tuberculosis test.", + "question": "What documents are needed to apply for this visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a certified translation of any documents", + [ + "
  • a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "your tuberculosis (tb) test results", + [] + ], + [ + "evidence that you have a permanent home outside the uk", + [] + ], + [ + "proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child", + [ + "
  • proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a current passport or other valid travel document", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel document
    • ", + "
  • proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have a permanent home outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test
    • ", + "
  • a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2309" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-charity-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I have a Charity Worker visa and currently live in the UK. I am looking to extend my stay from the original six months. My certificate of sponsor will last for 2 years.", + "question": "For how long can I extend my visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "up to a maximum of 12 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2310" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-charity-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I have a Charity Worker visa and currently live in the UK. I am looking to extend my stay from the original six months. My certificate of sponsorship expires in 5 months time.", + "question": "For how long can I extend my visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2311" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa", + "scenario": "I currently hold a Creative and Sporting visa. I live in the UK and work as an actor for a film company. Filming has been extended by two months due to delays. My certificate of sponsorship will last for two years.", + "question": "For how long can I extend my visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the time needed to extend your stay to the maximum of 24 months", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can extend your visa for whichever is the shortest of:

    ", + "
  • the time needed to extend your stay to the maximum of 24 months
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2312" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seasonal-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I have a temporary job offer in the UK. I appear to be eligible for the Seasonal Worker Visa. I am now looking to apply for this visa. My certificate of sponsorship does not show that they will support me.", + "question": "What documents do I need to provide to apply?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your certificate of sponsorship reference number", + [] + ], + [ + "a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality", + [] + ], + [ + "evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the uk", + [] + ], + [ + "a certified translation of any documents that are not in english or welsh, apart from your passport.", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your sponsor will give you this
    • ", + "
  • a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your sponsor can support you)
    • ", + "

    You must also provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh, apart from your passport.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2313" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/collective-group-passports", + "scenario": "My son is a British national aged 16 years old.He is a member of a local youth orchestra group and are planning a trip to Spain for sightseeing and some adventures for 14 days. I have a clean school photo that does not have any text or marks on it.", + "question": "Can he use a school photo for group passport application?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can use:

    ", + "
  • a school photo - as long as it does not have \u2018proof\u2019 written across it
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2314" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-immigration-application", + "scenario": "I am in the process of applying for my skilled work visa UK . I want to work as a teacher in a UK school.It is indicated that I should pay a health surcharge so that I can access medical treatment while in the UK. I am 17 years old at the time of my application.", + "question": "How much is the health surcharge fee?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "\u00a3470 per year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll have to pay:

    ", + "
  • \u00a3470 per year for visa and immigration applicants who are under the age of 18 at time of application
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2315" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "scenario": "My husband died on the 30th of July 2021. He was born on the 4th October 1945. He was eligible and was receiving an additional state pension. He reached state pension age on the 4th October 2005", + "question": "Will I be able to claim any of this state pension as inheritance?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2010

    " + ], + "id": "train-2316" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settlement-refugee-or-humanitarian-protection", + "scenario": "A friend of mine and his family want to apply for settlement as refugees. We have been friends for about 2 years now and his family has been living in the UK for the past 7 or so years. The family of my friend is dependant on him and already live in the UK.", + "question": "Are they eligible to apply for settlement as refugees?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be able to include your partner and any children on your settlement application if they\u2019re already in the UK as your dependants. This includes children born in the UK.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2317" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/redundancy-your-rights", + "scenario": "I have been told that I am going to be made redundant due to the closure of my department. I have worked for my employer for 10 years. I was 23 years of age when I started working for my employer.", + "question": "What amount of redundancy pay should I receive?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "one week\u2019s pay for each full year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were 22 or older, but under 41
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2318" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "scenario": "I am 23 years old. I have just got a new job that will have a salary of \u00a318,000 per year. I do not want to pay into a pension at this time. I have spent my entire life working in the UK.", + "question": "Does my employer need to automatically enrol me onto a pension?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Your employer must automatically enrol you into a pension scheme and make contributions to your pension if all of the following apply:

    ", + "
  • you usually (\u2018ordinarily\u2019) work in the UK (read the detailed guidance if you\u2019re not sure)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2319" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-tax-class", + "scenario": "I own and drive a delivery van, which I have just had converted to run on LPG rather than its original diesel fuel. This should result in a reduced annual vehicle tax rate. The current vehicle taxation is not due to run out for another 6 months. My car needs and has a current MOT certificate.", + "question": "Which documents do I need to send together with the form to notify the DVLA of this change?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "the v5c vehicle registration certificate (log book) with any changes marked on it", + [] + ], + [ + "a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018dvla, swansea\u2019 for any extra vehicle tax you have to pay", + [] + ], + [ + "a current mot certificate", + [] + ], + [ + "written proof", + [] + ], + [ + "an insurance certificate or cover note", + [ + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Send the form to DVLA with:

    ", + "
  • the V5C vehicle registration certificate (log book) with any changes marked on it
    • ", + "
  • a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVLA, Swansea\u2019 for any extra vehicle tax you have to pay - damaged or altered cheques will not be accepted
    • ", + "
  • a current MOT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)
    • ", + "
  • written proof if you\u2019ve decreased engine size or changed fuel type, for example a new engine receipt or letter from the garage that made the change
    • ", + "
  • an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)
    • ", + "

    If you do not have the V5C, download and fill in a V62 form. Send it to DVLA with the \u00a325 fee.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2320" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "scenario": "I am 72 years old, and last year I was advised by my GP to surrender my driving license due to my steadily declining eyesight (specifically, progressive night-blindness). I have since acquired a Class 3 invalid carriage (scooter) due to having problems walking. I am still more than capable of reading a car's license plate number from 15 meters away in a well lit environment.", + "question": "Does my failing eyesight effect my entitlement to drive the scooter?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    There is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).

    " + ], + "id": "train-2321" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-medical-conditions", + "scenario": "I am 61, hold a full driving license, live in Wales and yesterday notified the DVLA that I have been fitted with a pacemaker. I would like to keep driving my car while awaiting their verdict.", + "question": "I was told that I might receive a letter from the DVLA, what will that usually inform me of regarding the time their verdict will take?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "take longer", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks. You\u2019ll get a letter from DVLA if it\u2019s going to take longer.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2322" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seasonal-worker-visa", + "scenario": "I have been granted my seasonal work visa. I would like to work as a farm manager in the UK. Furthermore, I would also like to fill out my free time with other productive activities permitted under my visa.", + "question": "Whatelse can i do in the UK on a seasonal worker visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "study", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can:

    ", + "
  • study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2323" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control", + "scenario": "I am travelling to the UK with my child. My child and I have different surnames. I have heard that I may need to prove my relationship with my child, but the surnames of me and my child are different.", + "question": "What documents will I need to provide?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a birth or adoption certificate", + [] + ], + [ + "divorce or marriage certificates", + [] + ], + [ + "a letter from the child\u2019s parent", + [ + "
  • a letter from the child\u2019s parent giving permission for the child to travel with you and providing contact details, if you\u2019re not the parent
    • " + ] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be asked at the border to prove the relationship between yourself and any children travelling with you, if you do not seem to be the parent, for example if you have a different surname.

    ", + "

    You can prove this with:

    ", + "
  • a birth or adoption certificate showing your relationship with the child
    • ", + "
  • divorce or marriage certificates if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname from the child
    • ", + "
  • a letter from the child\u2019s parent giving permission for the child to travel with you and providing contact details, if you\u2019re not the parent
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2324" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control", + "scenario": "I am travelling to the UK from United States with my 5 years old niece. She had gone to visit her grandmother and had a short stay. Me and my niece have different surnames so there will be no mistake that I am not her parent.", + "question": "What do i expect to be asked at the border ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "to prove the relationship between yourself and any children travelling with you", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be asked at the border to prove the relationship between yourself and any children travelling with you, if you do not seem to be the parent, for example if you have a different surname.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2325" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker-business-person-settlement", + "scenario": "I have lived in the UK with my husband for six years, who has a Turkish Businessperson visa. I have met the language and English knowledge requirements as well as the Life in the UK test. I am dependent on my husband. I want to apply for indefinite stay with my husband.", + "question": "Will I be able to apply for indefinite leave to remain?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If your partner is applying for indefinite leave to remain, they must:

    ", + "
  • have met the knowledge of language and Life in the UK test
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2326" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/financial-assistance-mobilised-service", + "scenario": "I am an employer who had employed two army reservists and they were called out. I have incurred losses in undertaking new advertisements and replacements. I had also committed a lot of money in training and uniforms. I attended a hearing regarding this issue but a decision was not reached at the end of it.", + "question": "How long will I have to wait to get a decision regarding the issue considering one was not reached during the hearing?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "within 1 month", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If a decision\u2019s not made at the hearing, you\u2019ll get a letter telling you the decision within 1 month. This is known as a \u2018reserved\u2019 decision.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2327" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "scenario": "I retired in 2015 after a lifetime on the railways. Part of my service was contracted out which means I was a member of the contracted-out workplace pension.", + "question": "Does being contracted out affect the additional state pension?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    While you were a member of a contracted-out workplace pension you did not contribute to the Additional State Pension. In some cases, you could get the Second State Pension even if you did not contribute, for example if your earnings were low.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2328" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/redundancy-your-rights", + "scenario": "I have been told that I am going to be made redundant due to the closure of my department. I have worked for my employer for 3 years when I was 18 to 21 years old.", + "question": "What amount of redundancy pay should I receive?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "half a week\u2019s pay for each full year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • half a week\u2019s pay for each full year you were under 22
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2329" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/redundancy-your-rights", + "scenario": "I have been told that I am going to be made redundant due to the closure of my department. I have worked for my employer for 10 years. I began working for them when I was 42 years old.", + "question": "What amount of redundancy pay should I receive?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You\u2019ll get:

    ", + "
  • one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were 41 or older
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2330" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence", + "scenario": "I am 15, live in Wales and for two years was sexually abused by my uncle, a former police officer. He has been arrested and is currently on bail awaiting a charging decision from the CPS. I am afraid that he will try and contact me.", + "question": "Can I apply for a non-molestation order against my uncle, despite my not being a legal adult yet and I have got the permission from the High Court ?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re under 16 you need permission from the High Court to apply.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2331" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disciplinary-procedures-and-action-at-work", + "scenario": "I am 35 and work as a builder. I was (falsely) accused of bullying an apprentice and have been suspended from work. I feel that this is very unfair as I am innocent! I am worried about my rights whilst suspended. Also my contract says that I won't paid on suspension", + "question": "Will I still continue to receive my pay and other benefits whilst I am suspended from work?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "no", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can be suspended without pay if your employment contract says your employer can do this, but they must be acting reasonably.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2332" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "scenario": "I am getting married 11 weeks from now. My surname will be changing to my husband's surname, and I want to apply for a new passport well before the ceremony to ensure that I receive it in time for the honeymoon.", + "question": "Will I be able to apply for a new passport before the wedding day?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You can apply for a passport in your new name up to 3 months before your marriage or civil partnership ceremony.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2333" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions", + "scenario": "I am going on a performance to Spain from the UK. I am going to be taking my cello with me.", + "question": "Do I need to contact the airline beforehand if I want to fly with such a large instrument?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "yes", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    Contact your airline before you book if you want to travel with a large musical instrument. You may need to make special arrangements, such as buying an extra seat.

    " + ], + "id": "train-2334" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "scenario": "I am a citizen and resident of Poland and my child, who is 9 years old, is eligible for a Child Student Visa. I am about to apply for a Parent of a Child Student Visa to stay with my child for a year in the UK, but am worried that some of my Polish-language supporting documentation may not be acceptable.", + "question": "What documents are needed to apply for this visa?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a certified translation of any documents", + [] + ], + [ + "your tuberculosis (tb) test results", + [ + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "evidence that you have a permanent home outside the uk", + [] + ], + [ + "proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child", + [ + "
  • proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a current passport or other valid travel document", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    When you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:

    ", + "
  • a current passport or other valid travel document
    • ", + "
  • proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa
    • ", + "
  • evidence that you have a permanent home outside the UK
    • ", + "

    Depending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:

    ", + "
  • your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test
    • ", + "
  • a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2335" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/understanding-your-pay", + "scenario": "My name is Johnny. I am sixteen and just started my first job. I have been told that I can take home good money, depending on how many hours of work I have done. I am really looking forward to my first pay day!", + "question": "What should be on my payslip?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "your earnings before and after any deductions", + [] + ], + [ + "the amount of any deductions that may change each time you\u2019re paid", + [] + ], + [ + "the number of hours you worked", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    If you\u2019re an employee or \u2018worker\u2019 (not a contractor or freelancer), you have the right to a payslip, which shows:

    ", + "
  • your earnings before and after any deductions
    • ", + "
  • the amount of any deductions that may change each time you\u2019re paid, for example tax and National Insurance
    • ", + "
  • the number of hours you worked, if your pay varies depending on time worked
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2336" + }, + { + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control", + "scenario": "i am travelling to the uk with my child. though we have different surnames, i am their biological parent and we are still together with their other biological parent. i have heard that i may need to prove my relationship with my child.", + "question": "What documents will I need to provide?", + "not_answerable": false, + "answers": [ + [ + "a birth or adoption certificate", + [] + ], + [ + "divorce or marriage certificates", + [ + "
  • divorce or marriage certificates if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname from the child
    • " + ] + ], + [ + "a letter from the child\u2019s parent", + [] + ] + ], + "evidences": [ + "

    You may be asked at the border to prove the relationship between yourself and any children travelling with you, if you do not seem to be the parent, for example if you have a different surname.

    ", + "

    You can prove this with:

    ", + "
  • a birth or adoption certificate showing your relationship with the child
    • ", + "
  • divorce or marriage certificates if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname from the child
    • ", + "
  • a letter from the child\u2019s parent giving permission for the child to travel with you and providing contact details, if you\u2019re not the parent
    • " + ], + "id": "train-2337" + } +] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/examples/conditionalqa_train_processed.json b/examples/conditionalqa_train_processed.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..72a6334 --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/conditionalqa_train_processed.json @@ -0,0 +1,12072 @@ +[ + { + "id": "train-0", + "question": "Scenario: My father, who was a widower and the owner of several large properties in Wales, died recently and apparently intestate. My paternal uncle is applying for probate, but I believe that I have a stronger claim.\n\nQuestion: Do I have a greater right to probate in respect of my late father's estate?\n\nDocument - Applying for probate:\n## Overview\n\nApplying for the legal right to deal with someone\u2019s property, money and possessions (their \u2018estate\u2019) when they die is called \u2018applying for probate\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a document that allows you to start dealing with the estate. If the person left a will you\u2019ll get either:\n\n- a \u2018grant of probate\u2019\n\n- \u2018letters of administration with will annexed\u2019 (if the will does not name an executor or the named executor is unable to apply)\n\nIf the person did not leave a will, you\u2019ll get \u2018letters of administration\u2019.\n\nThis guide and the service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThe process is different in Scotland and different in Northern Ireland.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process.\n\n## When probate is not needed\n\nYou may not need probate if the person who died:\n\n- had jointly owned land, property, shares or money - these will automatically pass to the surviving owners\n\n- only had savings or premium bonds\n\nContact each asset holder (for example a bank or mortgage company) to find out if you\u2019ll need probate to get access to their assets. Every organisation has its own rules.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nOnly certain people can apply for probate to deal with the estate of someone who died. It depends on whether the person who died left a will.\n\nA will states what should happen to a person\u2019s property and belongings (\u2018estate\u2019) after they die. It\u2019s usually valid if it\u2019s been signed by the person who made it and 2 witnesses.\n\n## If there\u2019s a will\n\nYou can apply for probate if you\u2019re named in the will, or in an update to the will (a \u2018codicil\u2019), as an \u2018executor\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll need the original will and any updates to apply for probate. These must be original documents, not photocopies.\n\nIf you do not want to apply for probate, fill in a form to give up executor rights.\n\nFind out what to do if you\u2019re an executor.\n\n## If the person did not leave a will\n\nThe \u2018administrator\u2019 deals with the estate.\n\nYou can apply to become the estate\u2019s administrator if you are 18 or over and you are the most \u2018entitled\u2019 inheritor of the deceased\u2019s estate. This is usually the deceased\u2019s closest living relative.\n\nRelatives are the most entitled inheritors in the following order:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner (including if they were separated)\n\n- children (including legally adopted children but not step-children)\n\n- grandchildren\n\n- great-grandchildren\n\n- parents\n\n- brothers and sisters\n\n- nieces and nephews\n\n- half-brothers and half-sisters\n\n- half-nieces and half-nephews (the children of the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased)\n\n- grandparents\n\n- aunts and uncles\n\n- cousins\n\n- half-aunts and half-uncles (the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased\u2019s parent)\n\n- half-cousins (the children of the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased\u2019s parent)\n\nTo apply, follow the same steps as applying for probate.\n\nYou\u2019ll receive \u2018letters of administration\u2019 to prove you have the legal right to deal with the estate.\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019re the partner of the person but were not their spouse or civil partner when they died. You\u2019re not automatically entitled to any of their estate, unless you\u2019re able to make changes to the inheritance.\n\n## If you do not want to apply\n\nIf you\u2019re the most entitled inheritor and you do not want to apply to be the administrator, you can either:\n\n- appoint an attorney to act on your behalf - fill in an attorney form or set up a signed enduring power of attorney (EPA) or registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) and get the attorney to send this in with the probate application\n\n- nominate up to 2 people to be the next most entitled inheritor - fill in an \u2018intestate\u2019 form and send it to HMCTS Probate\n\n## Work out who inherits\n\nThe law decides who inherits the estate if there\u2019s no will. Work out who will inherit.\n\nYou\u2019ll need this information to report the estate\u2019s value and find out if there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay.\n\nInheritance laws may be different if you live in an EU country.\n\n## Stopping a probate application\n\nIf there\u2019s a dispute, you can challenge an application for probate (\u2018enter a caveat\u2019), before it\u2019s granted.\n\nFind out how to stop a probate application.\n\n## If you\u2019re an executor\n\nAn executor is someone named in a will as responsible for sorting out the estate of the person who\u2019s died.\n\nThe person who died will normally have told you if you\u2019re an executor. You\u2019ll need the original will to apply for probate.\n\n## Find the original will\n\nThe person who died should have told all the executors where to find the original will and any updates, for example:\n\n- at their house\n\n- with a probate practitioner, such as a solicitor\n\n- at the Newcastle District Probate Registry - you\u2019ll need the death certificate and evidence you\u2019re the executor\n\nGet help from a probate practitioner or Citizens Advice if you cannot understand a will or codicil.\n\nIf you cannot find the original will, you\u2019ll need to fill in a lost will form.\n\nIf there\u2019s more than one will, only the most recent will is valid. Do not destroy any copies of earlier wills until you\u2019ve received probate.\n\nAn executor only receives assets if they\u2019re also named as a beneficiary.\n\n## If there\u2019s more than one executor\n\nIf more than one person is named as an executor, you must all agree who makes the application for probate.\n\nUp to 4 executors can be named on the application.\n\nIf only one executor is named on the application they\u2019ll need to prove that they tried to contact all executors named in the will before they applied.\n\nIf you\u2019re having problems finding the other executors, you can contact the Probate Call Centre.\n\nThe Probate Call Centre cannot help with disagreements between executors. You\u2019ll need to find another way to reach an agreement - this could mean getting legal advice.\n\n## If you do not want to or cannot be an executor\n\nThe will may name a replacement executor for someone who becomes \u2018unwilling or unable\u2019 to deal with the estate.\n\nIf no executors are willing or able to apply for probate, fill in a form to give up executor rights and send it to HMCTS Probate.\n\n## You do not want to be an executor\n\nYou can do one of the following:\n\n- completely give up your right to apply for probate (\u2018renunciation\u2019) - fill in a form to give up executor rights and send it with the probate application form\n\n- reserve your right to apply for probate later if another executor cannot deal with the estate (holding \u2018power reserved\u2019)\n\n- appoint an attorney to act on your behalf - fill in an attorney form or set up a signed enduring power of attorney (EPA) or registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) and send it with the probate application\n\n## When an executor is unable to apply for probate\n\nA replacement executor should apply for probate if the executor is unable to, for example because:\n\n- they\u2019ve died\n\n- they do not have \u2018mental capacity\u2019 - get a doctor to fill in a mental capacity form and send it with the probate application\n\n## Apply for probate\n\nYou can apply for probate yourself online or by post, or pay a probate practitioner (such as a solicitor) to do it for you.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process. It\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.\n\nThis guide and the service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Before you apply\n\n- Check if you need probate.\n\n- Check if you can apply for probate.\n\n- You must estimate and report the estate\u2019s value before you apply for probate.\n\n- You must find out whether you need to pay Inheritance Tax. If you do have to pay it, send the appropriate forms to HMRC and wait 20 working days before applying for probate.\n\n- You must have the original will if you\u2019re the executor (you do not need it if you\u2019re an administrator). You must also have the original death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner.\n\n## If you need to pay Inheritance Tax\n\nYou normally have to pay at least some of the tax before you\u2019ll get probate. You can claim the tax back from the estate, if you pay it out of your own bank account.\n\n## Probate application fees\n\nYou may have to pay a fee to apply for probate. Whether you need to pay depends on the value of the estate.\n\nIf the value of the estate is over \u00a35,000, the application fee is \u00a3215. You may be able to get help to pay the probate fee and other court fees if you have a low income or are on certain benefits.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if the estate is \u00a35,000 or less.\n\nExtra copies of the probate cost \u00a31.50 each. This means you can send them to different organisations at the same time.\n\n## If the will has been changed or damaged\n\nYou must include a cover letter if the will or any additions have changed in any way since you\u2019ve had them. This includes them being damaged or separated for photocopying.\n\nThe letter should explain what\u2019s been changed and why.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nIf you\u2019ve not yet applied and have a question about applying for probate, contact the Courts and Tribunals Service Centre:\n\n## If you\u2019re a probate practitioner\n\nYou should apply for probate for your client using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\n## Apply for probate online\n\nYou can use this service if you\u2019re the executor or administrator and you:\n\n- have the original will and any additions to it (\u2018codicils\u2019) if you\u2019re the executor (you do not need these if you\u2019re an administrator)\n\n- have the original death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner\n\n- have already reported the estate\u2019s value\n\n- have submitted tax forms to HMRC and waited 20 working days, if you need to pay Inheritance Tax\n\nThe person who died must have lived in England or Wales most of the time.\n\nThe probate registry will keep the original will and any additions to it. If you make a copy of these for your records, do not remove any staples or bindings from them.\n\nApply for probate\n\nReturn to an existing probate application.\n\n## Apply for probate by post\n\nThe form you need to fill in depends on whether the person left a will or not.\n\nFill in application form PA1P if there is a will.\n\nFill in application form PA1A if there is not a will.\n\nBecause of COVID-19, it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to apply for probate if you can.\n\nYou need to pay before you send the form.\n\nYou can pay by either:\n\n- calling the Courts and Tribunals Service Centre to pay by credit or debit card - you\u2019ll be given a reference number to send with your documents\n\n- sending a cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your documents\n\nSend your completed form to HMCTS Probate with the following documents:\n\n- the original will and any additions to it (\u2018codicils\u2019)\n\n- the death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner\n\nUse a signed-for or tracked postal service that will deliver to PO boxes to send your documents.\n\nThe death certificate will be returned to you but the will and any additions to it will not be. If you make a copy of the will and any of its additions for your own records, do not remove any staples or bindings from them.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get the grant of probate or letters of administration within 8 weeks of sending in your original documents. If you ordered copies of these documents for use outside the UK, these will take longer to arrive.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.\n\nYou should not make any financial plans or put property on the market until you have received the grant of probate or letters of administration.\n\nIf there\u2019s anything wrong with the grant of probate (or letters of administration), return it to the district probate registry listed on the grant or letters.\n\nSend a copy to organisations that hold the assets of the person who died, for example their bank.\n\nOnce you have probate you can start dealing with the estate.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/applying-for-probate", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father, who was a widower and the owner of several large properties in Wales, died recently and apparently intestate. My paternal uncle is applying for probate, but I believe that I have a stronger claim.", + "original_question": "Do I have a greater right to probate in respect of my late father's estate?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1", + "question": "Scenario: I was born and raised in Australia. I have changed my gender and got a certificate in Australia. I have moved to UK three years back\n\nQuestion: I would like to know whether I am eligible to apply for Gender Recognition Certificate in UK ?\n\nDocument - Apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate:\n## Overview\n\nApply to the Gender Recognition Panel for a Gender Recognition Certificate if you want your acquired gender to be legally recognised in the UK.\n\nThere are 3 different ways (\u2018routes\u2019) to get a certificate - which one you use depends on your situation.\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Standard route\n\nApply by the standard route if all the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria (discomfort with your birth gender) - this is also called gender identity disorder, gender incongruence or transsexualism\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 2 years\n\n- you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life\n\n## Alternative route\n\nApply by the alternative route if all the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria or had surgery to change your sexual characteristics\n\n- you live in England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland most of the time\n\n- you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life\n\n- you\u2019re in (or have been in) a protected marriage or protected civil partnership before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 6 years before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)\n\nA marriage or civil partnership is protected if it\u2019s one of the following:\n\n- registered under the law of England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\n- a marriage solemnised in Scotland\n\n- a civil partnership registered in Scotland\n\n- a marriage registered under the law of a country or territory outside the UK\n\n- a marriage on UK consular premises or in an armed forces base, if you elected England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland as the relevant part of the UK\n\n## Overseas route\n\nApply by the overseas route if your acquired gender has been legally accepted in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019 and you have documents to prove it.\n\nYou must be 18 or over.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get information, advice and support from a number of voluntary organisations - you can find a list on page 21 of the full guidance.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice or find a legal adviser.\n\n## If you're married or in a civil partnership\n\n## If you\u2019re married\n\nYou can stay married if you apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate.\n\nYou and your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration saying you both agree to stay married.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if you or your spouse do not want to remain married, or if your spouse does not fill in a statutory declaration. You can use the interim certificate as grounds to end the marriage.\n\nIf your marriage is registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland and you have an interim certificate, you\u2019ll only get a full certificate once you end your marriage.\n\nIf your marriage was registered in Scotland, you can use an interim certificate to apply to the sheriff court for a full certificate. You do not need to end your marriage first.\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel if either you or your spouse change your mind about staying married during the application process.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a civil partnership\n\nYou can stay in your civil partnership if it was registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nYour partner must fill in a statutory declaration saying they agree to stay in a civil partnership with you. Contact the Gender Recognition Panel for help with filling in the declaration.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if your partner does not fill in a statutory declaration.\n\n## Civil partnerships registered in Scotland\n\nIf your civil partnership was registered in Scotland, you must end it or convert your civil partnership to marriage.\n\nIf you decide to convert your civil partnership into a marriage you must do it before you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel.\n\nIf you\u2019re still in a civil partnership when you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel, you\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019. You must end the civil partnership before you can get a full certificate.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the right form for your application.\n\n| | Form | Guidance |\n\n| Standard route | Form T450 | Leaflet T451 |\n\n| Alternative route | Form T464 | Leaflet T465 |\n\n| Overseas route | Form T453 | Leaflet T454 |\n\nSend the completed form with your fee and any supporting documents relevant to your application.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a35 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\n## Get help with your application\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel for advice on the application process.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must send certain documents when you apply, depending on which application route you use and whether you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership.\n\nYou might need to send original documents - you\u2019ll get them back after the Gender Recognition Panel has looked at your application. You will not get any statutory declarations back.\n\nFor all application routes, you must download and fill in the relevant statutory declaration for:\n\n- single people\n\n- married people or civil partners\n\n## If you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership\n\nFor all application routes you must provide the following (if relevant):\n\n- an original or certified copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\n- a copy of the decree ending your marriage or proof that any previous civil partnership has been dissolved\n\n- a copy of your spouse\u2019s death certificate\n\nIf you want to stay married, your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration for a spouse.\n\n## Standard or alternative route\n\nFor all application routes you must send:\n\n- an original or certified copy of your birth certificate\n\n- copies of any official documents that show your birth name has changed to your current name\n\n- proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for the required time\n\n- any required medical reports\n\nYou need to have lived in your acquired gender for 2 years if applying through the standard route.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying through the alternative route you need to have lived in your acquired gender for 6 years before 10 December 2014, or 16 December 2014 if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\n## Proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender\n\nThis proof must cover the required time that you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender. It could include copies of your:\n\n- passport\n\n- driving licence\n\n- payslips or benefit documents\n\n- utility bills or other documents of an official nature\n\nAll documents should be in your acquired name and gender. The earliest document must be dated before the beginning of the required time.\n\n## Medical reports\n\nFor the standard and alternative application routes you must send a report that includes details of any treatment you\u2019ve had to change your sexual characteristics, for example hormone treatment or surgery.\n\nThe report must be an original copy from a qualified medical professional, for example a:\n\n- doctor registered with the General Medical Council (GMC)\n\n- psychologist registered with the Health and Care Professions Council\n\nYou can ask your GP or surgeon to fill in a report for you if you do not have one already.\n\nIf you have not had any treatment or surgery yet, you must send a report that includes details of any planned treatment or surgery.\n\nIf you are applying by the standard route you must also send a report with details of your gender dysphoria diagnosis.\n\nRead the list of gender dysphoria specialists to find out who can write this report for you. You can send a report from a registered medical professional not on this list if they can prove they work in gender dysphoria.\n\n## Overseas route\n\nIf you\u2019re applying using the overseas route, you must prove that your gender has been legally recognised in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019. Send original or certified copies of the following (if you have them):\n\n- your new birth certificate and old birth certificate\n\n- an amended birth certificate that shows the change of gender\n\n- a court order authorising your change of gender\n\n- a document that\u2019s equivalent to a Gender Recognition Certificate\n\n- an entry in a legal register that proves your acquired gender has been recognised\n\n## What happens next\n\nYour application will be assessed by the Gender Recognition Panel - you\u2019ll be contacted if they need more proof or information.\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel to find out about your application\u2019s progress.\n\n## If you get a full certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent information on:\n\n- how to get a new birth certificate, marriage certificate or civil partnership where appropriate\n\n- who you must tell about your gender change\n\nYour pension and benefits may be affected.\n\n## If you\u2019re given an interim certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent information on:\n\n- how to annul or dissolve your marriage or civil partnership\n\n- how long you have to convert your civil partnership to a marriage, if applicable\n\n## If your application is turned down\n\nYou\u2019ll be told why your application was rejected.\n\nYou may be able to appeal the decision if you think it\u2019s wrong on a point of law.\n\nWhere you appeal depends on whether you live in:\n\n- England and Wales - appeal to the High Court Family Division\n\n- Scotland - appeal to the Court of Session in Edinburgh\n\n- Northern Ireland - appeal to the High Court\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your decision letter how to appeal or apply again.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Gender Recognition Panel must apply the law in the Gender Recognition Act 2004 and the following amendments:\n\n- Schedule 5, Section 12 of the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013\n\n- Part 4 of the Marriage and Civil Partnership (Scotland) Act 2014", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-gender-recognition-certificate", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was born and raised in Australia. I have changed my gender and got a certificate in Australia. I have moved to UK three years back", + "original_question": "I would like to know whether I am eligible to apply for Gender Recognition Certificate in UK ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-3", + "question": "Scenario: My wife and I are both UK Citizens, and have been resident for the whole of our lives. At the time of our marriage three years ago, she was pregnant with what I believed to be our daughter; however, subsequent DNA testing has revealed that I am not the girl's father.\n\nQuestion: Can I have the marriage voided on in the light of this evidence?\n\nDocument - Annul a marriage:\n## When you can annul a marriage\n\nAnnulment (sometimes known as \u2018nullity\u2019) is a different way of ending a marriage.\n\nYou or your spouse must have either:\n\n- lived in England or Wales for at least a year\n\n- had a permanent home in England or Wales for at least 6 months\n\nUnlike divorce, you can apply for annulment in the first year of your marriage or any time after. However, if you apply years after the wedding, you might be asked to explain the delay.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that the marriage:\n\n- was never legally valid (\u2018void\u2019)\n\n- was legally valid, but meets one of the reasons that makes it \u2018voidable\u2019\n\n## Your marriage is not legally valid - \u2018void\u2019 marriages\n\nYou can annul a marriage if it was not legally valid in the first place, for example:\n\n- you\u2019re closely related to the person you married\n\n- one or both of you were under 16\n\n- one of you was already married or in a civil partnership\n\nIf a marriage was never legally valid, the law says that it never existed.\n\nHowever, you may need legal paperwork (a \u2018decree of nullity\u2019) to prove this - for example if you want to get married again.\n\n## Your marriage is \u2018voidable\u2019\n\nYou can annul a marriage for a number of reasons, such as:\n\n- it was not consummated - you have not had sexual intercourse with the person you married since the wedding (does not apply for same sex couples)\n\n- you did not properly consent to the marriage - for example you were forced into it\n\n- the other person had a sexually transmitted disease (STD) when you got married\n\n- your spouse was pregnant by someone else when you got married\n\n- one spouse is in the process of transitioning to a different gender\n\nAs with divorce, your marriage legally exists until you annul it using one of these reasons.\n\nThe rules on ending a civil partnership are slightly different, but the court forms are the same.\n\n## Apply for an annulment\n\nYou can apply to have your marriage annulled as soon as you get married. Unlike divorce, you do not have to wait for a year.\n\nTo annul a marriage, fill in a \u2018nullity petition\u2019.\n\nRead the supporting notes before you start.\n\nSend 2 copies of the form to your nearest divorce court, and keep your own copy.\n\nFiling a nullity petition form costs \u00a3550.\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\n## Apply for a decree nisi\n\nThe other person must respond to your nullity petition within 8 days, saying whether they agree the marriage should be annulled.\n\nIf they agree, you can apply for a \u2018decree nisi\u2019. This will confirm that the court does not see any reason why the marriage cannot be annulled.\n\nTo get a decree nisi, fill in the application for decree nisi or conditional order.\n\n## Statement in support of annulment\n\nYou must also fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your nullity petition is true.\n\nUse one of the forms below, depending on whether your marriage is \u2018void\u2019 or \u2018voidable\u2019:\n\n- statement in support of annulment - void marriage\n\n- statement in support of annulment - voidable marriage\n\nSee when you can annul a marriage for the difference between \u2018void\u2019 and \u2018voidable\u2019 marriages.\n\nThe marriage will not be ended yet, you still need to apply for a \u2018decree absolute\u2019.\n\n## Apply for a decree absolute\n\nYou can apply for a decree absolute 6 weeks after you get the decree nisi.\n\nIn these cases, it\u2019s also called a \u2018decree of nullity\u2019. This is the final legal document which says that the marriage has been annulled.\n\nTo apply for a decree of nullity, fill in the notice of application for decree nisi to be made absolute.\n\nThe decree absolute fee is included in the annulment cost.\n\n## When you return your forms\n\nThe court will check if there are any reasons that the marriage cannot be annulled. In most cases, you do not need to go to court for this.\n\nIf the court is happy, it will send you the decree of nullity. This will confirm that you\u2019re no longer married.\n\nIf your marriage was never legally valid (void), the decree will confirm that you were never legally married.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-annul-marriage", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My wife and I are both UK Citizens, and have been resident for the whole of our lives. At the time of our marriage three years ago, she was pregnant with what I believed to be our daughter; however, subsequent DNA testing has revealed that I am not the girl's father.", + "original_question": "Can I have the marriage voided on in the light of this evidence?" + }, + { + "id": "train-4", + "question": "Scenario: My partner has just had our second child and she wants to go back to work immediately, I will not be taking time off either.\n\nQuestion: Would we still receive any sort of benefit if we are both working full time?\n\nDocument - Shared Parental Leave and Pay:\n## How it works\n\nYou and your partner may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if you\u2019re:\n\n- having a baby\n\n- using a surrogate to have a baby\n\n- adopting a child\n\nYou can share up to 50 weeks of leave and up to 37 weeks of pay between you.\n\nYou need to share the pay and leave in the first year after your child is born or placed with your family.\n\nYou can use SPL to take leave in blocks separated by periods of work, or take it all in one go. You can also choose to be off work together or to stagger the leave and pay.\n\nTo get SPL and ShPP, you and your partner need to:\n\n- meet the eligibility criteria - there\u2019s different criteria for birth parents and criteria for adoptive parents or parents using a surrogate\n\n- give notice to your employers\n\n## Eligibility for birth parents\n\nTo be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP), both parents must:\n\n- share responsibility for the child at birth\n\n- meet work and pay criteria - these are different depending on which parent wants to use the shared parental leave and pay\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible if you started sharing responsibility for the child after it was born.\n\nThe eligibility criteria are different if you\u2019re adoptive parents or parents using a surrogate.\n\nYou can check if you can get SPL and ShPP. You\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- your child\u2019s due date or birth date\n\n- your and your partner\u2019s employment status and earnings\n\n- if you and your partner can get Statutory Maternity Pay or Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n## If both parents want to share the SPL and ShPP\n\nTo be eligible for SPL and ShPP, you and your partner must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date\n\n- stay with the same employer until you start your SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, you must be \u2018employees\u2019 (not \u2018workers\u2019) - check your employment status. If either of you is a \u2018worker\u2019, you might be able to share ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, you must each earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week each, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), you may still be eligible.\n\n## If the mother\u2019s partner wants to take the SPL and ShPP\n\nFor the mother\u2019s partner to take SPL and ShPP, both the mother and the mother\u2019s partner must meet some eligibility requirements.\n\nThe mother must:\n\n- have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the baby\u2019s due (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)\n\n- have earned at least \u00a3390 in total across any 13 of the 66 weeks\n\nThe mother\u2019s partner must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date\n\n- stay with the same employer until they start their SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, the partner must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If the partner is a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, the partner must earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If either person earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\n## If the mother wants to take the SPL and ShPP\n\nFor the mother to take SPL and ShPP, both the mother\u2019s partner and the mother must meet some eligibility criteria.\n\nThe mother\u2019s partner must:\n\n- have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the baby\u2019s due (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)\n\n- have earned at least \u00a3390 in total in 13 of the 66 weeks (add up the highest paying weeks, they do not need to be in a row)\n\nThe mother must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date\n\n- stay with the same employer until they start their SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, the mother must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If the mother is a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, the mother must earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If either person earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\n## Eligibility for adopters or parents using a surrogate\n\nTo be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP), both adoptive parents or both parents using a surrogate must:\n\n- share responsibility for the child on the child\u2019s due date or birth date if you\u2019re using a surrogate, or the date they\u2019re placed with you if you\u2019re adopting\n\n- meet the work and earnings criteria - these are different depending on which one of you wants to use the shared parental leave and pay\n\nThe eligibility criteria are different if you\u2019re birth parents.\n\nYou can check if you can get SPL and ShPP. You\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- your child\u2019s due date or birth date if you\u2019re using a surrogate, or the match date if you\u2019re adopting\n\n- your and your partner\u2019s employment status and earnings\n\n- if you and your partner can get Statutory Adoption Pay or Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n## If both parents want to share the SPL and ShPP\n\nTo be eligible for SPL and ShPP, you and your partner must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the week your child was placed with your family\n\n- stay with the same employer until you start your SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, you must be \u2018employees\u2019 (not \u2018workers\u2019) - check your employment status. If either of you is a \u2018worker\u2019, you might be able to share ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, you must each earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week each, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), you may still be eligible.\n\n## If only one of the parents wants to take the SPL and ShPP\n\nBoth parents must meet some eligibility criteria.\n\nThe parent who wants to take the leave and pay must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the week your child was placed with your family\n\n- stay with the same employer until they start their SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, they must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If they are a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, they must earn on average at least \u00a3120 each a week.\n\nThe other parent must:\n\n- have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the child was placed with you (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)\n\n- have earned at least \u00a3390 in total in 13 of the 66 weeks (add up the highest paying weeks, they do not need to be in a row)\n\nIf either parent earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible and you or your partner end maternity or adoption leave and pay (or Maternity Allowance) early, then you can:\n\n- take the rest of the 52 weeks of maternity or adoption leave as Shared Parental Leave (SPL)\n\n- take the rest of the 39 weeks of maternity or adoption pay (or Maternity Allowance) as Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP)\n\nYou can check when you and your partner can take your leave and how much statutory pay you\u2019ll get using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.\n\n## How much pay you\u2019ll get\n\nShPP is paid at the rate of \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.\n\nThis is the same as Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) except that during the first 6 weeks SMP is paid at 90% of whatever you earn (with no maximum).\n\n## When you can start\n\nYou can only start Shared Parental Leave (SPL) or Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) once the child has been born or placed for adoption.\n\nYou can check when you and your partner can start your leave using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.\n\n## For SPL to start\n\nThe mother (or the person getting adoption leave) must either:\n\n- return to work, which ends any maternity or adoption leave\n\n- give their employer \u2018binding notice\u2019 of the date when they plan to end their leave (you cannot normally change the date you give in binding notice)\n\nYou can start SPL while your partner is still on maternity or adoption leave as long as they\u2019ve given binding notice to end it.\n\nYou can give binding notice and say when you plan to take your SPL at the same time.\n\nA mother cannot return to work before the end of the compulsory 2 weeks of maternity leave following the birth (4 weeks if they work in a factory). If you\u2019re adopting, the person claiming adoption pay must take at least 2 weeks of adoption leave.\n\n## If the mother or adopter does not get maternity or adoption leave\n\nThe mother or adopter must end any maternity pay, adoption pay or Maternity Allowance so that they or their partner can get SPL.\n\n## For ShPP to start\n\nThe mother (or the person getting adoption pay) must give their employer binding notice of the date when they plan to end any maternity or adoption pay.\n\nIf they get Maternity Allowance, they must give notice to Jobcentre Plus instead.\n\nThey cannot restart maternity pay, Maternity Allowance or adoption pay once it\u2019s ended.\n\nYou can start ShPP while your partner is still on maternity pay, adoption pay or Maternity Allowance as long as they\u2019ve given binding notice to end it.\n\nYou can give binding notice and say when you plan to take your ShPP at the same time.\n\n## Change the decision to end maternity or adoption leave\n\nThe mother or adopter may be able to change their decision to end maternity or adoption leave early. They must let their employer know.\n\nThey can only change the decision if both:\n\n- the planned end date has not passed\n\n- they have not already returned to work\n\nOne of the following must also apply:\n\n- you find out during the 8-week notice period that neither of you is eligible for SPL or ShPP\n\n- the mother or adopter\u2019s partner has died\n\n- the mother tells their employer less than 6 weeks after the birth (and they gave their employer notice before the birth)\n\n## Booking blocks of leave\n\nYou can book up to 3 separate blocks of Shared Parental Leave (SPL) instead of taking it all in one go, even if you are not sharing the leave with your partner.\n\nIf your partner is also eligible for SPL, you can take up to 3 blocks of leave each. You can take leave at different times or both at the same time.\n\nYou must tell your employer about your plans for leave when you apply for SPL. You can change these plans later but you must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice before you want to begin a block of leave.\n\nYou can check when you and your partner can take your leave using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.\n\n## Splitting blocks of leave\n\nIf your employer agrees, you can split blocks into shorter periods of at least a week.\n\n## Shared Parental Leave in touch (SPLIT) days\n\nYou and your partner can each work up to 20 days while you\u2019re taking SPL. These are called \u2018Shared Parental Leave in touch\u2019 (or SPLIT) days.\n\nThese days are in addition to the 10 \u2018keeping in touch\u2019 (or KIT) days available to those on maternity or adoption leave.\n\nKIT and SPLIT days are optional - both you and your employer must agree to them.\n\n## Applying for leave and pay\n\nTo get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) or Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) you must:\n\n- follow the rules for starting SPL and ShPP\n\n- give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 written notice of your leave dates\n\nIf the mother (or person taking adoption leave) plans to take SPL or ShPP, they must apply to their employer.\n\nIf the partner plans to take SPL or ShPP, both the partner and the mother (or person taking adoption leave) must apply to their employers.\n\nYou can use Shared Parental Leave forms and templates created by Acas to:\n\n- give your employer notice that you plan to take SPL and ShPP\n\n- give your employer notice of when the mother or adopter is going to end their maternity or adoption leave, and when they\u2019ll stop getting maternity or adoption pay\n\n- book your leave dates\n\nIf your employer has their own forms you can use those instead.\n\nYou can change your mind later about how much SPL or ShPP you plan to take and when you want to take it. You must give notice of any changes at least 8 weeks before the start of any leave.\n\nYou might not get SPL or ShPP if you do not include all the required information.\n\n## Giving more information\n\nYour employer can ask you for more information within 14 days of you applying for SPL or ShPP. They can ask for:\n\n- a copy of the birth certificate\n\n- a declaration of the place and date of birth (if the birth has not been registered yet)\n\n- the name and address of your partner\u2019s employer or a declaration that your partner has no employer\n\nIf you\u2019re adopting, your employer can ask for the:\n\n- name and address of the adoption agency\n\n- date you were matched with the child\n\n- date the child will start to live with you\n\n- name and address of your partner\u2019s employer or a declaration that your partner has no employer\n\nYou must give this information within 14 days of being asked for it.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner has just had our second child and she wants to go back to work immediately, I will not be taking time off either.", + "original_question": "Would we still receive any sort of benefit if we are both working full time?" + }, + { + "id": "train-9", + "question": "Scenario: I lost my husband in 2007 who was in Armed forces and participated in Afghanistan war in 2001 and had a severe injury and died because of the injury in 2007\n\nQuestion: I was assessed and was told that I am eligible to get War Widow(er) Pension but want to know whether I have to pay tax on it ?\n\nDocument - War Widow(er) Pension:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be entitled to War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension if your wife, husband or civil partner died as a result of their service in Her Majesty\u2019s (HM) Armed Forces or during a time of war.\n\nThey must have served before 6 April 2005, but you may be eligible if they died of an illness or injury later.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nOne of the following must apply. Your husband, wife or civil partner:\n\n- died as result of their service in HM Armed Forces before 6 April 2005\n\n- was a civil defence volunteer or a civilian and their death was a result of the 1939 to 1945 war\n\n- was a merchant seaman, a member of the naval auxiliary services, or a coastguard and their death was a result of an injury or disease they got during a war or because they were a prisoner of war\n\n- died as a result of their service as a member of the Polish Forces under British command during the 1939 to 1945 war, or in the Polish Resettlement Forces\n\n- was getting a War Pensions Constant Attendance Allowance at the time of their death, or would have been had they not been in hospital\n\n- was getting a War Disablement Pension at the 80% rate or higher and was getting Unemployability Supplement\n\nYou may be entitled to a pension if you lived with a partner as husband and wife or as civil partners.\n\n## Illness, injury and death on or after 6 April 2005\n\nIf your partner was injured, developed an illness or died as a result of service on or after 6 April 2005, you can claim through the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nWar Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension is paid at different rates depending on your age and circumstances.\n\nYou do not pay tax on it.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, for example your bank account.\n\n## How to claim\n\nTo claim War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension you can either:\n\n- download a claim form\n\n- phone the Veterans UK helpline and ask for a claim form\n\nSend the completed form to:\n\n## How to appeal\n\nIf you disagree with a decision about your claim you can appeal to an independent Pensions Appeal Tribunal.\n\nBefore you appeal you should:\n\n- ask Veterans UK for more information about how the decision was reached\n\n- ask for the decision to be reconsidered if there are some facts Veterans UK may not have known when they made their decision\n\nIf you\u2019re still unhappy with the outcome contact Veterans UK to let them know that you want to appeal.\n\n## Further information\n\n## Changes in your circumstances\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to get your pension if you marry, form a civil partnership or start living with a partner on or after 1 April 2015.\n\nIf this happened before 1 April 2015, you\u2019ll still get a pension if both:\n\n- your late spouse or civil partner left service before 31 March 1973\n\n- your new relationship started on or after 6 April 2005\n\nOtherwise, your pension would have been stopped.\n\n## If your pension stopped\n\nYou can claim your pension again if:\n\n- you become widowed again\n\n- you divorce or separate\n\n- your civil partner dies\n\n- your civil partnership ends\n\n- you stop living with the person as their partner\n\nMake sure you tell Veterans UK of any changes in your circumstances so you get the right amount of pension.\n\n## Funeral expenses\n\nVeterans UK may be able to pay a grant of up to \u00a32,200 towards a veteran\u2019s funeral if any of the following apply:\n\n- death was due to service before 6 April 2005\n\n- War Pensions Constant Attendance Allowance was being paid or would have been paid if the war pensioner had not been in hospital when they died\n\n- Unemployability Supplement was being paid at the time of death and the War Disablement Pension was assessed at 80% or more\n\nThe payment can be made to the veteran\u2019s widow or widower, next of kin or person paying for the funeral.\n\nYou must make a claim within 3 months of the funeral.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload the claim form. Send the completed form to:", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-widow-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I lost my husband in 2007 who was in Armed forces and participated in Afghanistan war in 2001 and had a severe injury and died because of the injury in 2007", + "original_question": "I was assessed and was told that I am eligible to get War Widow(er) Pension but want to know whether I have to pay tax on it ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-12", + "question": "Scenario: My aunt is disabled and owns a big home which needs light and heating system repairs. She is afraid of the house getting moulds and needs urgent repair .\n\nQuestion: Is she allowed to seek disabled facility support?\n\nDocument - Disabled Facilities Grants:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get a grant from your council if you\u2019re disabled and need to make changes to your home, for example to:\n\n- widen doors and install ramps\n\n- improve access to rooms and facilities - eg stairlifts or a downstairs bathroom\n\n- provide a heating system suitable for your needs\n\n- adapt heating or lighting controls to make them easier to use\n\nA Disabled Facilities Grant won\u2019t affect any benefits you get.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get depends on your:\n\n- household income\n\n- household savings over \u00a36,000\n\n| Country | Grant |\n\n| England | Up to \u00a330,000 |\n\n| Wales | Up to \u00a336,000 |\n\n| Northern Ireland | Up to \u00a325,000 |\n\n| Scotland | Disabled Facilities Grants are not available - find out about support for equipment and adaptations |\n\nDepending on your income, you may need to pay towards the cost of the work to the property.\n\nDisabled children under 18 can get a grant without their parents\u2019 income being taken into account. Contact your local council for more information.\n\nYou might not get any grant if you start work on your property before the council approves your application.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be paid\n\nYou\u2019ll be paid either:\n\n- in instalments - as the work progresses\n\n- in full - when the work is finished\n\nThe council may pay the contractor directly or give you a cheque to pass on to them. They\u2019ll agree this with you when they approve your application.\n\n## When you\u2019ll be paid\n\nYou\u2019ll be paid either:\n\n- when the council is happy with the finished work\n\n- when you give the council the invoice, demand or receipt for payment from the contractor\n\nNormally, if you (or a relative) does the work the council will only accept invoices for materials or services you\u2019ve bought.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou or someone living in your property must be disabled. Either you or the person you\u2019re applying for must:\n\n- own the property or be a tenant\n\n- intend to live in the property during the grant period (which is currently 5 years)\n\nYou can also apply for a grant if you\u2019re a landlord and have a disabled tenant.\n\nThe council needs to be happy that the work is:\n\n- necessary and appropriate to meet the disabled person\u2019s needs\n\n- reasonable and can be done - depending on the age and condition of the property\n\nYou might not get any grant if you start work on your property before the council approves your application.\n\n## Planning and building regulations approval\n\nYou need to apply separately for any planning permission or building regulations approval.\n\nThe council may ask you to employ a qualified architect or surveyor to plan and oversee the work. If you get a grant, you can use it towards the cost of their fees.\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply through your local council.\n\nThe council may send an occupational therapist round to see you. They\u2019ll check your circumstances and see what changes you need.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to your council if you\u2019re unhappy with their decision.\n\nIf you appeal and you\u2019re still not happy, you can complain to the Local Government Ombudsman.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-facilities-grants", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My aunt is disabled and owns a big home which needs light and heating system repairs. She is afraid of the house getting moulds and needs urgent repair .", + "original_question": "Is she allowed to seek disabled facility support?" + }, + { + "id": "train-14", + "question": "Scenario: I entered into a civil marriage with my ex partner in June 2020 and since then has been abusing me and inserting coercive controls over my life till i have lost my job and got depression. I want to see divorce and take back control of my life.\n\nQuestion: Can i use unreasonable behaviour as the ground to dissolve the partnership ?\n\nDocument - End a civil partnership:\n## Check you can end your civil partnership\n\nYou can apply to end (\u2018dissolve\u2019) your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been in the partnership for over a year.\n\nIf you do not want to end the civil partnership, you can get a legal separation so you can live apart. You can apply for separation during the first year of your civil partnership.\n\nEnding your civil partnership is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## How to end your civil partnership\n\nYou must send paperwork to a court to ask for permission to end your civil partnership.\n\nSeparate from the paperwork, you and your ex-partner may need to work out:\n\n- arrangements for looking after any children\n\n- child maintenance payments for any children\n\nYou also need to divide your money and property. There\u2019s a deadline if you want to make this legally binding.\n\nYou can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree about children, money and property and the reasons for ending your civil partnership.\n\n## Get help agreeing on issues\n\nYou can use a mediator. Check if you can get legal aid to help pay for mediation.\n\nYou can also get advice on making agreements from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Advicenow\n\n## Grounds for ending a civil partnership\n\nWhen you apply to end your civil partnership (\u2018dissolution\u2019), you\u2019ll need to prove your relationship has broken down and cannot be saved.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give one or more of the following 4 reasons (also known as \u2018facts\u2019).\n\n## Unreasonable behaviour\n\nYour civil partner has behaved in a way that means you cannot reasonably be expected to live with them.\n\nThis could include:\n\n- physical or mental cruelty\n\n- verbal or physical abuse\n\n- being irresponsible with money\n\n- being sexually unfaithful\n\n## Desertion\n\nYour civil partner has intentionally left you for at least 2 years.\n\nYou can still claim desertion if you have lived together for up to a total of 6 months in this period. This will not count towards the 2 years.\n\n## You\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years\n\nYou can apply to end your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years before applying and you both agree to end the civil partnership.\n\nYour civil partner must agree in writing to end the civil partnership.\n\nIt may be possible for you to show that you\u2019ve been separated while living in the same home as your civil partner as long as you\u2019re not living together as a couple (for example you sleep and eat apart).\n\n## You\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years\n\nYou can apply to end your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years, even if your civil partner disagrees.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo end a civil partnership, you first need to fill in a dissolution application.\n\nYou must include your:\n\n- full name and address\n\n- civil partner\u2019s full name and address\n\n- civil partnership certificate - send the original certificate or get a copy from a register office\n\nInclude the names and dates of birth of any children (no matter how old they are).\n\nYou must try to find your civil partner\u2019s current address if you do not know it. The court will need it to send them a copy of the dissolution application.\n\n## Pay the court fee\n\nYou will have to pay a \u00a3550 court fee to file the dissolution application.\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\n## By phone with a debit or credit card\n\nThe court calls you to take your payment. Include a letter with your petition to request the call and give them your phone number.\n\n## By post with a cheque\n\nMake out the cheque to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 and send it with your application.\n\n## Send the forms\n\nOnce you have filled in the forms:\n\n- send 3 copies to the court\n\n- keep copies for yourself\n\n- include your cheque, or your letter asking to pay by phone\n\n## Where to send the forms\n\nSend the forms to your nearest court dealing with civil partnership dissolution.\n\n## Apply for a conditional order\n\nYou can get a conditional order if your partner agrees to end the civil partnership.\n\nA conditional order is a document that says the court does not see any reason why you cannot end the civil partnership. It is the first of 2 stages to getting the civil partnership dissolved -\u00ad the second stage is getting a final order.\n\nIf your partner does not agree to end the civil partnership, you can still apply for a conditional order. You\u2019ll have to go to a hearing at the court to discuss the case, where a judge will decide whether to grant you the conditional order.\n\nYou must wait at least 7 days after your civil partner has received their copy of the dissolution application.\n\n## Fill in the application form\n\nTo apply for a conditional order, fill in the application for a conditional order.\n\nIf your partner is defending the case, fill in section B of the form, saying you want a \u2018case management hearing\u2019 before the judge.\n\nYou also need to fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your dissolution application is true.\n\nThere are 4 statement forms - use the one that covers the reason you\u2019ve given for ending the civil partnership:\n\n- unreasonable behaviour statement\n\n- desertion statement\n\n- 2 years\u2019 separation statement\n\n- 5 years\u2019 separation statement\n\nThe forms will need to show your civil partner:\n\n- has received the dissolution application\n\n- agrees to the dissolution if you\u2019re using the fact that you\u2019ve been living apart for 2 years as your reason\n\n- agrees with any arrangement proposed for children\n\nAttach your civil partner\u2019s response to the dissolution application, and send it to the court. Keep your own copy.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be civil partners at this stage, the \u2018final order\u2019 actually ends your civil partnership.\n\n## Apply for a final order\n\nThe final order is the legal document that ends your civil partnership.\n\nYou have to wait 6 weeks after the date of the conditional order to apply for a final order.\n\nIf your civil partner applied for a conditional order, you have to wait 3 months and 6 weeks after the date of the conditional order.\n\nApply within 12 months of getting the conditional order - otherwise you will have to explain the delay to the court.\n\nIf you want a legally binding arrangement for dividing money and property you must apply to the court for this before you apply for a final order.\n\nTo apply for a final order, fill in the application for a conditional order to be made final.\n\nReturn the form to the court. This will usually be the same court that dealt with your conditional order.\n\n## Getting the final order\n\nThe court will check that there are no reasons why the civil partnership cannot be ended. You must provide all details the court asks for within the time limits.\n\nIf the court is happy with all the information, it will send you and your civil partner a final order.\n\nOnce you get your final order, your civil partnership has ended and you can marry or enter into another civil partnership.\n\nYou must keep your final order safe - you will need to show it if you enter into another civil partnership or to prove your status.\n\n## If your partner lacks mental capacity\n\nYou can apply to end your civil partnership if your partner \u2018lacks mental capacity\u2019 and cannot agree to end the civil partnership or take part in the process.\n\nYour partner will need someone to make decisions for them during the process. The person who acts on their behalf is called a \u2018litigation friend\u2019. It can be a family member, close friend or someone else who can represent them.\n\n## Your partner does not have a litigation friend\n\nIf there\u2019s no one suitable and willing to be their litigation friend, you can apply to the court to appoint a litigation friend.\n\nThe Official Solicitor may agree to act as your partner\u2019s litigation friend when there\u2019s no one else to do this (\u2018litigation friend of last resort\u2019).\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Check there\u2019s nobody else suitable or willing to act as your civil partner\u2019s litigation friend.\n\n- Check that there\u2019s money available for any costs the Official Solicitor has to pay. Your civil partner may be able to get legal aid.\n\n- Give the details of your civil partner\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to the court so it can ask for a certificate of capacity.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf the Official Solicitor agrees to act as litigation friend for your civil partner, you\u2019ll be able to end your civil partnership.\n\n## Contact the Official Solicitor\u2019s staff\n\nEmail or call the private family law team if you have an enquiry.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/end-civil-partnership", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I entered into a civil marriage with my ex partner in June 2020 and since then has been abusing me and inserting coercive controls over my life till i have lost my job and got depression. I want to see divorce and take back control of my life.", + "original_question": "Can i use unreasonable behaviour as the ground to dissolve the partnership ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-16", + "question": "Scenario: My 4 year old son has been diagnosed with scoliosis, a spinal disorder which will leave him severely restricted mobility. The school which had previously offered him a place in Reception this September is now claiming that they can no longer accept him.\n\nQuestion: Can the school rescind their offer in this manner?\n\nDocument - Help if you have a disabled child:\n## Overview\n\nYour local council can provide help if you have a disabled child, including:\n\n- short break services\n\n- holiday play schemes\n\n- care at home\n\n- some aids and adaptations\n\n- financial help, eg money towards travel costs for hospital visits\n\nYour council has a duty to provide these services under the Children Act 1989. Some are free of charge - the council might ask you to contribute towards others.\n\nIf you think your child may qualify, contact the social services team at your local council.\n\nA social worker will then talk to you about the needs of your family, including:\n\n- health\n\n- social care\n\n- education\n\nThis is called a \u2018needs assessment\u2019 - the social worker will give you advice on what to do next.\n\nYou can also ask your council about local support groups for carers and families with disabled children.\n\n## Help with costs\n\nIf your child qualifies for services from your local council, you\u2019ll also have the option of getting direct payments.\n\nThese are paid directly to you so you can arrange services you need. They\u2019re an alternative to social care services provided by your local council.\n\nYou may also be eligible for extra Child Tax Credit for each disabled child you\u2019re responsible for or Disability Living Allowance for children.\n\n## Childcare\n\nYour local council\u2019s Family Information Service can give you details about childcare in your local area.\n\nYou can also ask them about other specialist services that your child may need because of their disability.\n\n## Help with childcare costs\n\nAll 3 and 4 year olds are entitled to 15 hours of free education for 38 weeks of the year - read the information on childcare and tax credits for more details.\n\nSome 2-year-olds (even if they have an education, health and care plan or get Disability Living Allowance) are also entitled to the 15 hours of free education.\n\nYou can also get direct payments from your local council to help pay for childcare.\n\nIf you\u2019re on the Early Support Programme and have a Family File, show this to your childcare provider.\n\nIf you\u2019re working, you may be able to get up to \u00a34,000 a year to help pay for childcare for a disabled child through Tax-Free Childcare.\n\n## Education\n\nUnder the Equality Act 2010, it\u2019s against the law for schools and other education providers to discriminate against disabled children.\n\nExamples of discrimination include:\n\n- a school refusing to admit a disabled child just because of their disability\n\n- stopping a disabled pupil going outside at break time because it takes them longer to get there\n\nContact the Equality Advisory Support Service if you think your child has been discriminated against because of their disability.\n\n## Making \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019\n\nSchools have to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 for disabled children. These can include:\n\n- changes to physical features, eg adding a ramp\n\n- changes to how learners are assessed\n\n- providing extra support and aids, eg specialist teachers or equipment\n\n## Special educational needs\n\nSome children may have special educational needs because their disabilities affect their ability to learn.\n\nYou can ask your council to carry out an education, health and care (EHC) needs assessment for your child. They may get an EHC plan, which will explain the extra support they need.\n\nThe council must make sure your child gets this support.\n\nAsk to see a school\u2019s policy on special educational needs so you know what support they can offer.\n\nFind your local support service if you need impartial advice about special educational needs.\n\n## Motability scheme\n\nThe Motability Scheme can help you lease a car if your child is aged 3 or over and is entitled to either the:\n\n- higher rate of the mobility component of Disability Living Allowance\n\n- enhanced mobility component of Personal Independence Payment\n\nMore information about the scheme is on the Motability website.\n\nYou can also contact:\n\n## Home adaptations\n\nIf your home needs to be adapted to meet your child\u2019s needs, you may be able to get a Disabled Facilities Grant to help with the costs.\n\nUsually, an occupational therapist will talk to you to work out what adaptations would be best for your child.\n\nA Disabled Facilities Grant will not affect any benefits that you\u2019re getting.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/help-for-disabled-child", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My 4 year old son has been diagnosed with scoliosis, a spinal disorder which will leave him severely restricted mobility. The school which had previously offered him a place in Reception this September is now claiming that they can no longer accept him.", + "original_question": "Can the school rescind their offer in this manner?" + }, + { + "id": "train-19", + "question": "Scenario: I was injured when I served in armed forces. As a result I was disabled and had difficulties in performing day to day activities\n\nQuestion: I applied for a lump sum compensation but my claim was rejected. Can I appeal the decision ?\n\nDocument - Claim if you were injured while serving in the armed forces:\n## Overview\n\nYou can claim compensation if you were injured or got an illness while serving in the armed forces (including the reserve forces).\n\nCompensation may include:\n\n- a lump sum\n\n- regular payments\n\n## What you can claim for\n\nYou can claim compensation for any injury or illness that happened as a result of your service, including physical and mental conditions.\n\nYou can also claim:\n\n- if you were injured during a service-related activity, eg a training exercise\n\n- for conditions you had before service if you feel your service made them worse\n\n## If you\u2019re a victim of crime while serving abroad\n\nFind out if you qualify for the Criminal Injuries Compensation (Overseas) scheme if you were the victim of a violent crime while serving abroad.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe compensation you get depends on either:\n\n- when you were injured\n\n- when the circumstances happened that caused your illness\n\nWhat you get might be reduced if you\u2019re getting compensation from another scheme.\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service after 5 April 2005\n\nIf your claim is successful, you\u2019ll get a tax-free lump sum payment between \u00a31,236 and \u00a3650,000. The amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.\n\n## If you have a more serious illness or injury\n\nYou may also receive a tax-free monthly payment for life when you\u2019re discharged - sometimes known as a Guaranteed Income Payment (GIP).\n\nThe GIP is based on your salary, age and how severe your injury is.\n\nIf your GIP payment level is 50% of your salary or more, you can also claim an Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP).\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\nIf your claim is successful, you\u2019ll be awarded either:\n\n- a pension - if your disability is assessed at 20% or more\n\n- a lump sum - if your disability is assessed at less than 20%\n\nThe amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.\n\nYou might also be able to get other allowances if you\u2019re having problems getting around or finding a job.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThe rules for qualifying are different depending on when you were injured.\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service after 5 April 2005\n\nClaim under the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme (AFCS).\n\nTo qualify you must be:\n\n- a current or former member of the armed forces\n\n- applying no later than 7 years after the injury or illness, unless you\u2019re claiming for an illness that started later (sometimes known as a \u2018late onset illness\u2019)\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\nClaim under the War Pension Scheme (WPS).\n\nThere are no time limits for claiming under the WPS but you must be no longer serving in the armed forces.\n\n## How to claim\n\nFill in the claim form and send it to the address on the form.\n\nIt\u2019s the same claim form for the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme (AFCS) and War Pension Scheme (WPS).\n\nYou can ask the Veterans Welfare Service (VWS) for help with making your claim.\n\nYou may be contacted for more evidence in support of your claim.\n\nYou may be able to apply for a \u2018fast payment\u2019 of \u00a360,000 if you were seriously injured during service after 8 May 2011.\n\n## If you disagree with the decision on your claim\n\nYou can write to Veterans UK to ask them reconsider their decision.\n\nYou can also appeal to an independent tribunal within 12 months.\n\n## Additional payments\n\nYou can apply for a Personal Independence Payment (PIP) while your compensation claim is being dealt with.\n\nYou might also be able to get:\n\n- other allowances if your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\n- an Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP) if you were seriously injured on or after 6 April 2005\n\n## Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve had the result of your compensation claim, you might be able to claim AFIP if you\u2019ve been seriously injured.\n\nAFIP is \u00a3151.40 per week. It\u2019s tax free and is paid every 4 weeks into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019re eligible if both of the following apply:\n\n- you were injured on or after 6 April 2005\n\n- you\u2019re given a Guaranteed Income Payment (GIP) of 50% or more\n\nYou\u2019ll get the payment as long as you\u2019re entitled to this level of GIP. You won\u2019t be reassessed in the future.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for AFIP, you can get a PIP if you have a long-term health condition or disability.\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact Veterans UK for a claim form. There\u2019s no deadline.\n\n## Claiming other benefits with AFIP\n\nIf you get AFIP you might be eligible for other benefits, eg Child Tax Credit.\n\nAFIP is not counted as income when working out your what other benefits you can claim.\n\nYour household is exempt from the benefit cap if you or your partner are getting AFIP.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-for-injury-received-while-serving", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was injured when I served in armed forces. As a result I was disabled and had difficulties in performing day to day activities", + "original_question": "I applied for a lump sum compensation but my claim was rejected. Can I appeal the decision ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-20", + "question": "Scenario: I recently got a new job, and have worked there for two months. My wife is due to have a baby in 20 weeks.\n\nQuestion: Will I qualify for paternity leave even though I have only worked for my employer for two months?\n\nDocument - Paternity pay and leave:\n## Overview\n\nWhen you take time off because your partner\u2019s having a baby, adopting a child or having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement you might be eligible for:\n\n- 1 or 2 weeks\u2019 paid Paternity Leave\n\n- Paternity Pay\n\n- Shared Parental Leave and Pay\n\nYou may not get both leave and pay, and there are rules on how to claim and when your leave can start.\n\n## Employment rights when on leave\n\nYour employment rights are protected while on paternity leave. This includes your right to:\n\n- pay rises\n\n- build up (accrue) holiday\n\n- return to work\n\nYou can get time off to accompany your partner (or the surrogate mother) to 2 antenatal appointments.\n\nIf you\u2019re adopting a child, you can get time off to attend 2 adoption appointments after you\u2019ve been matched with a child.\n\n## Leave\n\n## Paternity leave\n\nYou can choose to take either 1 or 2 weeks. You get the same amount of leave if your partner has a multiple birth (such as twins).\n\nYou must take your leave in one go. A week is the same amount of days that you normally work in a week - for example, a week is 2 days if you only work on Mondays and Tuesdays.\n\n## Start and end dates\n\nLeave cannot start before the birth. It must end within 56 days of the birth (or due date if the baby is early).\n\nYou must give your employer 28 days\u2019 notice if you want to change your start date.\n\nYou do not have to give a precise date when you want to take leave (for example 1 February). Instead you can give a general time, such as the day of the birth or 1 week after the birth.\n\nThe rules are different if you adopt.\n\n## Shared Parental Leave\n\nYou may also be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL). You cannot take Paternity Leave after you take SPL.\n\n## Leave for antenatal appointments\n\nYou can take unpaid leave to accompany a pregnant woman to 2 antenatal appointments if you\u2019re:\n\n- the baby\u2019s father\n\n- the expectant mother\u2019s spouse or civil partner\n\n- in a long-term relationship with the expectant mother\n\n- the intended parent (if you\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)\n\nYou can take up to 6 and a half hours per appointment. Your employer can choose to give you longer.\n\nYou can apply for leave immediately if you\u2019re a permanent employee. You\u2019ll need to have been doing a job for 12 weeks before you qualify if you\u2019re an agency worker.\n\n## Pay\n\nThe statutory weekly rate of Paternity Pay is \u00a3151.97, or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower).\n\nAny money you get is paid in the same way as your wages, for example monthly or weekly. Tax and National Insurance will be deducted.\n\n## Start and end dates\n\nThe money is usually paid while you\u2019re on leave. Your employer must confirm the start and end dates for your Paternity Pay when you claim it.\n\nTo change the start date you must give your employer 28 days\u2019 notice.\n\nYou could get more pay if your employer has a company paternity scheme - they cannot offer you less than the statutory amounts.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be taking time off to look after the child and be one of the following:\n\n- the father\n\n- the husband or partner of the mother (or adopter) - this includes same-sex partners\n\n- the child\u2019s adopter\n\n- the intended parent (if you\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)\n\nThere are extra conditions you need to meet to qualify for leave and pay.\n\nYou cannot get Paternity Pay and Leave if you\u2019ve taken paid time off to attend adoption appointments.\n\n## Paternity Leave\n\nYou must:\n\n- be an employee\n\n- give the correct notice\n\n- have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019\n\nThe \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if you adopt.\n\n## Paternity Pay\n\nYou must:\n\n- be employed by your employer up to the date of birth\n\n- earn at least \u00a3120 a week (before tax)\n\n- give the correct notice\n\n- have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019\n\nThe \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if you adopt.\n\nIf you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible.\n\n## If you lose your baby\n\nYou can still get Paternity Leave or Pay if your baby is:\n\n- stillborn from 24 weeks of pregnancy\n\n- born alive at any point during the pregnancy\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nYour employer must tell you within 28 days if you do not qualify and why using form SPP1.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim Paternity Leave and Pay through your employer. You do not need to give proof of the pregnancy or birth.\n\nThe rules and forms are different if you adopt.\n\n## Paternity Leave\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the baby is due, tell your employer:\n\n- the due date\n\n- when you want your leave to start, for example the day of the birth or the week after the birth\n\n- if you want 1 or 2 weeks\u2019 leave\n\nYour employer can ask for this in writing. You can ask for Paternity Pay at the same time, if you use form SC3 (or your employer\u2019s own version).\n\nUse the paternity planner to find out when you need to claim Paternity Leave by.\n\n## Paternity Pay\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the baby is due, give your employer form SC3 (or their own version).\n\n## Adoption and surrogacy\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the \u2018matching week\u2019. For adoption this is either:\n\n- the end of the week you\u2019re matched with the child (UK adoptions)\n\n- the date the child enters the UK or when you want your pay to start (overseas adoptions)\n\nYou must also meet the other eligibility conditions for paternity leave or pay.\n\n## Start and end dates - Paternity Leave\n\nYour period of Paternity Leave can start:\n\n- on the date of placement\n\n- an agreed number of days after the date of placement\n\n- on the date the child arrives in the UK or an agreed number of days after this (overseas adoptions only)\n\n- the day the child\u2019s born or the day after if you\u2019re working that day (surrogate parents)\n\nLeave must be taken within 56 days of the date of placement or the child\u2019s arrival in the UK (overseas adoptions).\n\nYou must give your employer 28 days\u2019 notice if you want to change your start date.\n\n## How to claim - Paternity Leave or Pay\n\nYou must use form SC4 (or your employer\u2019s own version) for:\n\n- leave - within 7 days of your co-adopter or partner being matched with a child\n\n- pay - 28 days before you want your pay to start\n\nFor overseas adoptions the form and notice period is different. The process is explained on form SC5.\n\n## Proof of adoption\n\nYou must give your employer proof of adoption to qualify for Paternity Pay. Proof is not needed for Paternity Leave unless your employer asks for it.\n\nProof can be a letter from your adoption agency or the matching certificate.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide this information within 28 days.\n\n## Surrogacy arrangements\n\nTo be eligible for Paternity Pay and Leave if you use a surrogate to have a baby, you must:\n\n- be in a couple\n\n- be responsible for the child (with your partner)\n\n- have worked for your employer continuously for at least 26 weeks by the end of the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 (the 15th week before the baby is due)\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the due date, tell your employer when the baby is due and when you want to start your leave - they may ask for this in writing.\n\nYour employer may ask for a written statement to confirm you intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the child\u2019s birth. You must sign this in the presence of a legal professional.\n\nYou cannot get Paternity Leave if you take Shared Parental Leave.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paternity-pay-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently got a new job, and have worked there for two months. My wife is due to have a baby in 20 weeks.", + "original_question": "Will I qualify for paternity leave even though I have only worked for my employer for two months?" + }, + { + "id": "train-21", + "question": "Scenario: I am 24 and have lived in the UK for 2 years. Previously I lived in Texas. I have just discovered my husband is actually my cousin! Therefore I want to have my marriage annuled.\n\nQuestion: Can I file an annual petition?\n\nDocument - Annul a marriage:\n## When you can annul a marriage\n\nAnnulment (sometimes known as \u2018nullity\u2019) is a different way of ending a marriage.\n\nYou or your spouse must have either:\n\n- lived in England or Wales for at least a year\n\n- had a permanent home in England or Wales for at least 6 months\n\nUnlike divorce, you can apply for annulment in the first year of your marriage or any time after. However, if you apply years after the wedding, you might be asked to explain the delay.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that the marriage:\n\n- was never legally valid (\u2018void\u2019)\n\n- was legally valid, but meets one of the reasons that makes it \u2018voidable\u2019\n\n## Your marriage is not legally valid - \u2018void\u2019 marriages\n\nYou can annul a marriage if it was not legally valid in the first place, for example:\n\n- you\u2019re closely related to the person you married\n\n- one or both of you were under 16\n\n- one of you was already married or in a civil partnership\n\nIf a marriage was never legally valid, the law says that it never existed.\n\nHowever, you may need legal paperwork (a \u2018decree of nullity\u2019) to prove this - for example if you want to get married again.\n\n## Your marriage is \u2018voidable\u2019\n\nYou can annul a marriage for a number of reasons, such as:\n\n- it was not consummated - you have not had sexual intercourse with the person you married since the wedding (does not apply for same sex couples)\n\n- you did not properly consent to the marriage - for example you were forced into it\n\n- the other person had a sexually transmitted disease (STD) when you got married\n\n- your spouse was pregnant by someone else when you got married\n\n- one spouse is in the process of transitioning to a different gender\n\nAs with divorce, your marriage legally exists until you annul it using one of these reasons.\n\nThe rules on ending a civil partnership are slightly different, but the court forms are the same.\n\n## Apply for an annulment\n\nYou can apply to have your marriage annulled as soon as you get married. Unlike divorce, you do not have to wait for a year.\n\nTo annul a marriage, fill in a \u2018nullity petition\u2019.\n\nRead the supporting notes before you start.\n\nSend 2 copies of the form to your nearest divorce court, and keep your own copy.\n\nFiling a nullity petition form costs \u00a3550.\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\n## Apply for a decree nisi\n\nThe other person must respond to your nullity petition within 8 days, saying whether they agree the marriage should be annulled.\n\nIf they agree, you can apply for a \u2018decree nisi\u2019. This will confirm that the court does not see any reason why the marriage cannot be annulled.\n\nTo get a decree nisi, fill in the application for decree nisi or conditional order.\n\n## Statement in support of annulment\n\nYou must also fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your nullity petition is true.\n\nUse one of the forms below, depending on whether your marriage is \u2018void\u2019 or \u2018voidable\u2019:\n\n- statement in support of annulment - void marriage\n\n- statement in support of annulment - voidable marriage\n\nSee when you can annul a marriage for the difference between \u2018void\u2019 and \u2018voidable\u2019 marriages.\n\nThe marriage will not be ended yet, you still need to apply for a \u2018decree absolute\u2019.\n\n## Apply for a decree absolute\n\nYou can apply for a decree absolute 6 weeks after you get the decree nisi.\n\nIn these cases, it\u2019s also called a \u2018decree of nullity\u2019. This is the final legal document which says that the marriage has been annulled.\n\nTo apply for a decree of nullity, fill in the notice of application for decree nisi to be made absolute.\n\nThe decree absolute fee is included in the annulment cost.\n\n## When you return your forms\n\nThe court will check if there are any reasons that the marriage cannot be annulled. In most cases, you do not need to go to court for this.\n\nIf the court is happy, it will send you the decree of nullity. This will confirm that you\u2019re no longer married.\n\nIf your marriage was never legally valid (void), the decree will confirm that you were never legally married.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-annul-marriage", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 24 and have lived in the UK for 2 years. Previously I lived in Texas. I have just discovered my husband is actually my cousin! Therefore I want to have my marriage annuled.", + "original_question": "Can I file an annual petition?" + }, + { + "id": "train-22", + "question": "Scenario: I have been trapped in a bad marriage for 1 year with a very abusive husband who has no remorse. I would like to annul the marriage.\n\nQuestion: Can I get an annulment?\n\nDocument - Annul a marriage:\n## When you can annul a marriage\n\nAnnulment (sometimes known as \u2018nullity\u2019) is a different way of ending a marriage.\n\nYou or your spouse must have either:\n\n- lived in England or Wales for at least a year\n\n- had a permanent home in England or Wales for at least 6 months\n\nUnlike divorce, you can apply for annulment in the first year of your marriage or any time after. However, if you apply years after the wedding, you might be asked to explain the delay.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that the marriage:\n\n- was never legally valid (\u2018void\u2019)\n\n- was legally valid, but meets one of the reasons that makes it \u2018voidable\u2019\n\n## Your marriage is not legally valid - \u2018void\u2019 marriages\n\nYou can annul a marriage if it was not legally valid in the first place, for example:\n\n- you\u2019re closely related to the person you married\n\n- one or both of you were under 16\n\n- one of you was already married or in a civil partnership\n\nIf a marriage was never legally valid, the law says that it never existed.\n\nHowever, you may need legal paperwork (a \u2018decree of nullity\u2019) to prove this - for example if you want to get married again.\n\n## Your marriage is \u2018voidable\u2019\n\nYou can annul a marriage for a number of reasons, such as:\n\n- it was not consummated - you have not had sexual intercourse with the person you married since the wedding (does not apply for same sex couples)\n\n- you did not properly consent to the marriage - for example you were forced into it\n\n- the other person had a sexually transmitted disease (STD) when you got married\n\n- your spouse was pregnant by someone else when you got married\n\n- one spouse is in the process of transitioning to a different gender\n\nAs with divorce, your marriage legally exists until you annul it using one of these reasons.\n\nThe rules on ending a civil partnership are slightly different, but the court forms are the same.\n\n## Apply for an annulment\n\nYou can apply to have your marriage annulled as soon as you get married. Unlike divorce, you do not have to wait for a year.\n\nTo annul a marriage, fill in a \u2018nullity petition\u2019.\n\nRead the supporting notes before you start.\n\nSend 2 copies of the form to your nearest divorce court, and keep your own copy.\n\nFiling a nullity petition form costs \u00a3550.\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\n## Apply for a decree nisi\n\nThe other person must respond to your nullity petition within 8 days, saying whether they agree the marriage should be annulled.\n\nIf they agree, you can apply for a \u2018decree nisi\u2019. This will confirm that the court does not see any reason why the marriage cannot be annulled.\n\nTo get a decree nisi, fill in the application for decree nisi or conditional order.\n\n## Statement in support of annulment\n\nYou must also fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your nullity petition is true.\n\nUse one of the forms below, depending on whether your marriage is \u2018void\u2019 or \u2018voidable\u2019:\n\n- statement in support of annulment - void marriage\n\n- statement in support of annulment - voidable marriage\n\nSee when you can annul a marriage for the difference between \u2018void\u2019 and \u2018voidable\u2019 marriages.\n\nThe marriage will not be ended yet, you still need to apply for a \u2018decree absolute\u2019.\n\n## Apply for a decree absolute\n\nYou can apply for a decree absolute 6 weeks after you get the decree nisi.\n\nIn these cases, it\u2019s also called a \u2018decree of nullity\u2019. This is the final legal document which says that the marriage has been annulled.\n\nTo apply for a decree of nullity, fill in the notice of application for decree nisi to be made absolute.\n\nThe decree absolute fee is included in the annulment cost.\n\n## When you return your forms\n\nThe court will check if there are any reasons that the marriage cannot be annulled. In most cases, you do not need to go to court for this.\n\nIf the court is happy, it will send you the decree of nullity. This will confirm that you\u2019re no longer married.\n\nIf your marriage was never legally valid (void), the decree will confirm that you were never legally married.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-annul-marriage", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been trapped in a bad marriage for 1 year with a very abusive husband who has no remorse. I would like to annul the marriage.", + "original_question": "Can I get an annulment?" + }, + { + "id": "train-23", + "question": "Scenario: Our father died recently without leaving a will. My siblings and I do not trust our step-mother to act as estate administrator and we would prefer it if one of his children could handle this instead.\n\nQuestion: Can children stop a step-parent from handling their deceased parent's probate affairs?\n\nDocument - Applying for probate:\n## Overview\n\nApplying for the legal right to deal with someone\u2019s property, money and possessions (their \u2018estate\u2019) when they die is called \u2018applying for probate\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a document that allows you to start dealing with the estate. If the person left a will you\u2019ll get either:\n\n- a \u2018grant of probate\u2019\n\n- \u2018letters of administration with will annexed\u2019 (if the will does not name an executor or the named executor is unable to apply)\n\nIf the person did not leave a will, you\u2019ll get \u2018letters of administration\u2019.\n\nThis guide and the service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThe process is different in Scotland and different in Northern Ireland.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process.\n\n## When probate is not needed\n\nYou may not need probate if the person who died:\n\n- had jointly owned land, property, shares or money - these will automatically pass to the surviving owners\n\n- only had savings or premium bonds\n\nContact each asset holder (for example a bank or mortgage company) to find out if you\u2019ll need probate to get access to their assets. Every organisation has its own rules.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nOnly certain people can apply for probate to deal with the estate of someone who died. It depends on whether the person who died left a will.\n\nA will states what should happen to a person\u2019s property and belongings (\u2018estate\u2019) after they die. It\u2019s usually valid if it\u2019s been signed by the person who made it and 2 witnesses.\n\n## If there\u2019s a will\n\nYou can apply for probate if you\u2019re named in the will, or in an update to the will (a \u2018codicil\u2019), as an \u2018executor\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll need the original will and any updates to apply for probate. These must be original documents, not photocopies.\n\nIf you do not want to apply for probate, fill in a form to give up executor rights.\n\nFind out what to do if you\u2019re an executor.\n\n## If the person did not leave a will\n\nThe \u2018administrator\u2019 deals with the estate.\n\nYou can apply to become the estate\u2019s administrator if you are 18 or over and you are the most \u2018entitled\u2019 inheritor of the deceased\u2019s estate. This is usually the deceased\u2019s closest living relative.\n\nRelatives are the most entitled inheritors in the following order:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner (including if they were separated)\n\n- children (including legally adopted children but not step-children)\n\n- grandchildren\n\n- great-grandchildren\n\n- parents\n\n- brothers and sisters\n\n- nieces and nephews\n\n- half-brothers and half-sisters\n\n- half-nieces and half-nephews (the children of the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased)\n\n- grandparents\n\n- aunts and uncles\n\n- cousins\n\n- half-aunts and half-uncles (the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased\u2019s parent)\n\n- half-cousins (the children of the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased\u2019s parent)\n\nTo apply, follow the same steps as applying for probate.\n\nYou\u2019ll receive \u2018letters of administration\u2019 to prove you have the legal right to deal with the estate.\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019re the partner of the person but were not their spouse or civil partner when they died. You\u2019re not automatically entitled to any of their estate, unless you\u2019re able to make changes to the inheritance.\n\n## If you do not want to apply\n\nIf you\u2019re the most entitled inheritor and you do not want to apply to be the administrator, you can either:\n\n- appoint an attorney to act on your behalf - fill in an attorney form or set up a signed enduring power of attorney (EPA) or registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) and get the attorney to send this in with the probate application\n\n- nominate up to 2 people to be the next most entitled inheritor - fill in an \u2018intestate\u2019 form and send it to HMCTS Probate\n\n## Work out who inherits\n\nThe law decides who inherits the estate if there\u2019s no will. Work out who will inherit.\n\nYou\u2019ll need this information to report the estate\u2019s value and find out if there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay.\n\nInheritance laws may be different if you live in an EU country.\n\n## Stopping a probate application\n\nIf there\u2019s a dispute, you can challenge an application for probate (\u2018enter a caveat\u2019), before it\u2019s granted.\n\nFind out how to stop a probate application.\n\n## If you\u2019re an executor\n\nAn executor is someone named in a will as responsible for sorting out the estate of the person who\u2019s died.\n\nThe person who died will normally have told you if you\u2019re an executor. You\u2019ll need the original will to apply for probate.\n\n## Find the original will\n\nThe person who died should have told all the executors where to find the original will and any updates, for example:\n\n- at their house\n\n- with a probate practitioner, such as a solicitor\n\n- at the Newcastle District Probate Registry - you\u2019ll need the death certificate and evidence you\u2019re the executor\n\nGet help from a probate practitioner or Citizens Advice if you cannot understand a will or codicil.\n\nIf you cannot find the original will, you\u2019ll need to fill in a lost will form.\n\nIf there\u2019s more than one will, only the most recent will is valid. Do not destroy any copies of earlier wills until you\u2019ve received probate.\n\nAn executor only receives assets if they\u2019re also named as a beneficiary.\n\n## If there\u2019s more than one executor\n\nIf more than one person is named as an executor, you must all agree who makes the application for probate.\n\nUp to 4 executors can be named on the application.\n\nIf only one executor is named on the application they\u2019ll need to prove that they tried to contact all executors named in the will before they applied.\n\nIf you\u2019re having problems finding the other executors, you can contact the Probate Call Centre.\n\nThe Probate Call Centre cannot help with disagreements between executors. You\u2019ll need to find another way to reach an agreement - this could mean getting legal advice.\n\n## If you do not want to or cannot be an executor\n\nThe will may name a replacement executor for someone who becomes \u2018unwilling or unable\u2019 to deal with the estate.\n\nIf no executors are willing or able to apply for probate, fill in a form to give up executor rights and send it to HMCTS Probate.\n\n## You do not want to be an executor\n\nYou can do one of the following:\n\n- completely give up your right to apply for probate (\u2018renunciation\u2019) - fill in a form to give up executor rights and send it with the probate application form\n\n- reserve your right to apply for probate later if another executor cannot deal with the estate (holding \u2018power reserved\u2019)\n\n- appoint an attorney to act on your behalf - fill in an attorney form or set up a signed enduring power of attorney (EPA) or registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) and send it with the probate application\n\n## When an executor is unable to apply for probate\n\nA replacement executor should apply for probate if the executor is unable to, for example because:\n\n- they\u2019ve died\n\n- they do not have \u2018mental capacity\u2019 - get a doctor to fill in a mental capacity form and send it with the probate application\n\n## Apply for probate\n\nYou can apply for probate yourself online or by post, or pay a probate practitioner (such as a solicitor) to do it for you.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process. It\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.\n\nThis guide and the service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Before you apply\n\n- Check if you need probate.\n\n- Check if you can apply for probate.\n\n- You must estimate and report the estate\u2019s value before you apply for probate.\n\n- You must find out whether you need to pay Inheritance Tax. If you do have to pay it, send the appropriate forms to HMRC and wait 20 working days before applying for probate.\n\n- You must have the original will if you\u2019re the executor (you do not need it if you\u2019re an administrator). You must also have the original death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner.\n\n## If you need to pay Inheritance Tax\n\nYou normally have to pay at least some of the tax before you\u2019ll get probate. You can claim the tax back from the estate, if you pay it out of your own bank account.\n\n## Probate application fees\n\nYou may have to pay a fee to apply for probate. Whether you need to pay depends on the value of the estate.\n\nIf the value of the estate is over \u00a35,000, the application fee is \u00a3215. You may be able to get help to pay the probate fee and other court fees if you have a low income or are on certain benefits.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if the estate is \u00a35,000 or less.\n\nExtra copies of the probate cost \u00a31.50 each. This means you can send them to different organisations at the same time.\n\n## If the will has been changed or damaged\n\nYou must include a cover letter if the will or any additions have changed in any way since you\u2019ve had them. This includes them being damaged or separated for photocopying.\n\nThe letter should explain what\u2019s been changed and why.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nIf you\u2019ve not yet applied and have a question about applying for probate, contact the Courts and Tribunals Service Centre:\n\n## If you\u2019re a probate practitioner\n\nYou should apply for probate for your client using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\n## Apply for probate online\n\nYou can use this service if you\u2019re the executor or administrator and you:\n\n- have the original will and any additions to it (\u2018codicils\u2019) if you\u2019re the executor (you do not need these if you\u2019re an administrator)\n\n- have the original death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner\n\n- have already reported the estate\u2019s value\n\n- have submitted tax forms to HMRC and waited 20 working days, if you need to pay Inheritance Tax\n\nThe person who died must have lived in England or Wales most of the time.\n\nThe probate registry will keep the original will and any additions to it. If you make a copy of these for your records, do not remove any staples or bindings from them.\n\nApply for probate\n\nReturn to an existing probate application.\n\n## Apply for probate by post\n\nThe form you need to fill in depends on whether the person left a will or not.\n\nFill in application form PA1P if there is a will.\n\nFill in application form PA1A if there is not a will.\n\nBecause of COVID-19, it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to apply for probate if you can.\n\nYou need to pay before you send the form.\n\nYou can pay by either:\n\n- calling the Courts and Tribunals Service Centre to pay by credit or debit card - you\u2019ll be given a reference number to send with your documents\n\n- sending a cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your documents\n\nSend your completed form to HMCTS Probate with the following documents:\n\n- the original will and any additions to it (\u2018codicils\u2019)\n\n- the death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner\n\nUse a signed-for or tracked postal service that will deliver to PO boxes to send your documents.\n\nThe death certificate will be returned to you but the will and any additions to it will not be. If you make a copy of the will and any of its additions for your own records, do not remove any staples or bindings from them.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get the grant of probate or letters of administration within 8 weeks of sending in your original documents. If you ordered copies of these documents for use outside the UK, these will take longer to arrive.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.\n\nYou should not make any financial plans or put property on the market until you have received the grant of probate or letters of administration.\n\nIf there\u2019s anything wrong with the grant of probate (or letters of administration), return it to the district probate registry listed on the grant or letters.\n\nSend a copy to organisations that hold the assets of the person who died, for example their bank.\n\nOnce you have probate you can start dealing with the estate.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/applying-for-probate", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Our father died recently without leaving a will. My siblings and I do not trust our step-mother to act as estate administrator and we would prefer it if one of his children could handle this instead.", + "original_question": "Can children stop a step-parent from handling their deceased parent's probate affairs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-26", + "question": "Scenario: My father was a highly successful businessman, with property including a large country house and several holiday homes. Sadly he died 2 months ago. I was named as a beneficiary in his will and now I need to pay the inheritance tax.\n\nQuestion: Is interest payable if I agree to pay it in installments?\n\nDocument - Pay your Inheritance Tax bill:\n## Overview\n\nYou must pay Inheritance Tax by the end of the sixth month after the person died.\n\nThere are different due dates if you\u2019re making payments on a trust.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay by the due date.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a payment reference number before you can pay your Inheritance Tax bill.\n\n## Pay from your own bank account\n\nYou can pay from your own bank account or a joint account with the deceased:\n\n- using online or telephone banking\n\n- using CHAPS or Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\nYou currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by cheque because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can claim the money back from the deceased\u2019s estate or the beneficiaries once you get a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.\n\n## Pay from accounts owned by the deceased\n\nYou can pay using the deceased\u2019s:\n\n- bank accounts - including National Savings and Investments (NS&I) accounts\n\n- government stock\n\n## If you do not know how much to pay\n\nYou can make payments before you know the exact amount of Inheritance Tax owed by the deceased person\u2019s estate. These are known as \u2018payments on account\u2019.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nHMRC do not send receipts for each payment you make. They\u2019ll write to tell you when you\u2019ve paid all the Inheritance Tax and interest you owe.\n\nIf you\u2019ve paid through your own bank or building society, check your statement to confirm the payment has left your account.\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020\n\nAsk your bank if your cheque to HMRC has been cashed. If it has not been cashed, you should cancel the cheque and pay HMRC a different way.\n\n## Get a payment reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get an Inheritance Tax reference number from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) at least 3 weeks before you make a payment.\n\nYou can apply for one:\n\n- online (unless you need it for a trust)\n\n- by post - using form IHT422, Application for an Inheritance Tax reference (the address you need is on the form)\n\nDo not use the 15-digit number from the online Inheritance Tax service to report an estate\u2019s value.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking), CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001136 | HMRC Inheritance Tax |\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your Inheritance Tax payment reference number as the payment reference.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB66BARC20114763495590 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Inheritance Tax |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.\n\nYou can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.\n\nPlease complete one of your bank\u2019s paying in slips with the following HMRC bank account details:\n\nSort code 25 61 21\nAccount number 63495590\nAccount name HM Revenue & Customs Inheritance Tax\n\nSome branches might be closed at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite the name of the deceased and your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the letter HMRC sent you.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account, if you pay between Monday and Friday.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can still pay:\n\n- using online or telephone banking\n\n- using CHAPS or Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n## From the deceased's bank account\n\nYou can ask banks, building societies or National Savings & Investments (NS&I) to pay some or all of the Inheritance Tax due from the deceased person\u2019s accounts to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is called the \u2018Direct Payment Scheme\u2019.\n\n- Ask the bank, building society or NS&I to make you a \u2018personal representative\u2019 - each one will do this in a different way. You can do this before you apply for a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is known as confirmation in Scotland.\n\n- Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number.\n\n- Fill in form IHT423 and send it to the bank, building society or NS&I. Send a separate form for each account you want to pay HMRC from.\n\n- Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT 400, Probate Summary form IHT421, (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) and any supplementary pages or supporting documents to HMRC.\n\nWhen the bank, building society or NS&I has made the payment, HMRC will stamp and return Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) so you know the Inheritance Tax has been paid.\n\n## Using British government stock\n\nWrite to Computershare Investor Services, who run the British government stock scheme.\n\nTell them you want to pay Inheritance Tax and how much of the stock you want to use. Enclose a copy of the death certificate and the stock reference number (if you have it).\n\nAt the same time, send HMRC:\n\n- a letter saying how much tax you want to be paid out of the stock\n\n- Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 - you\u2019ll need to put your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the form\n\n- Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland)\n\nHMRC will contact Computershare and ask for the money to be transferred. This could take up to 4 weeks.\n\nDo not pay this way if you need to get probate (known as \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland) quickly. (Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.)\n\n## After the money has been transferred\n\n## In England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nHMRC will send your IHT421 form to the Probate Registry so they can send a grant of representation to you (if you\u2019re handling probate yourself) or to your solicitor.\n\n## In Scotland\n\nHMRC will return your C1 Confirmation form to you so you can apply for confirmation.\n\nIf the amount transferred is not enough to cover the Inheritance Tax you owe, HMRC will write to tell you how much to pay and how to pay it.\n\n## By transferring national heritage property\n\nIn very exceptional cases you may be able to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown.\n\nNational heritage property may include:\n\n- buildings or land of historic, architectural, scenic or scientific interest\n\n- artworks, books and manuscripts or scientific collections of historic, scenic or scientific interest\n\nOffers to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown are dealt with on an individual basis.\n\nContact the HMRC Heritage team for information on making an offer.\n\n## If your offer is accepted\n\nEven if your offer\u2019s accepted, you must first pay all of the Inheritance Tax you owe through other means and have a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.\n\nOnce your property has been transferred HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will repay the Inheritance Tax you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## In yearly instalments\n\nYou can pay your Inheritance Tax on things that may take time to sell in equal annual instalments over 10 years.\n\nYou must say on Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 if you want to pay in instalments.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay interest on your instalments. Use the calculator to work out the interest you\u2019ll need to pay.\n\nYou must pay the tax in full when you\u2019ve sold the deceased\u2019s assets, such as their house or shares.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nThe first instalment is due at the end of the sixth month after the death (for example if they died on 12 January, you\u2019d have to pay by 31 July). This is known as the \u2018due date\u2019. Payments are then due every year on that date.\n\n## Paying early\n\nYou can pay off the full tax and interest at any time. Write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Trusts and Estates asking for a final assessment (you do not have to include payment).\n\n## What you pay interest on\n\nYou will not pay any interest on the first instalment unless you pay late. On each later instalment you must pay interest on both of the following:\n\n- the full outstanding tax balance\n\n- the instalment itself, from the date it\u2019s due to the date of payment (if it\u2019s paid late)\n\n## What you can pay in instalments\n\n## Houses\n\nYou can pay 10% and the interest each year if you decide to keep the house to live in.\n\n## Shares and securities\n\nYou can pay in instalments if the shares or securities allowed the deceased to control more than 50% of a company.\n\n## Unlisted shares and securities\n\nYou can pay in instalments for \u2018unlisted\u2019 shares or securities (ones not traded on a recognised stock exchange) if they\u2019re worth more than \u00a320,000 and either of these apply:\n\n- they represent 10% of the total value of the shares in the company, at the price they were first sold at (known as the \u2018nominal\u2019 value or \u2018face value\u2019)\n\n- they represent 10% of the total value of ordinary shares held in the company, at the price they were first sold at\n\nYou can find the face value of a share and whether it\u2019s an ordinary share on the share certificate.\n\nYou can also pay in instalments if either of these apply:\n\n- at least 20% of the total Inheritance Tax the estate owes is on assets that qualify for payment by instalments\n\n- paying Inheritance Tax on them in one lump sum will cause financial difficulties\n\n## Business run for profit\n\nYou can pay in instalments on the net value of a business, but not its assets.\n\n## Agricultural land and property\n\nThis is rare because most agricultural land and property is exempt from Inheritance Tax.\n\n## Gifts\n\nYou can pay in instalments if there is still Inheritance Tax to pay and you were given:\n\n- buildings\n\n- shares or securities\n\n- part or all of a business\n\nIf the gift was an unlisted share or security, it must still have been unlisted at the time of the death.\n\n## Trusts\n\n- Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number at least 3 weeks before you want to make a payment by filling in Form IHT122.\n\n- Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT100 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n- Pay the Inheritance Tax, either through a bank or building society or by cheque through the post.\n\n## Payment deadlines\n\n## Transfers\n\nYou must pay Inheritance Tax on transfers into a trust or out of a trust (known as \u2018exit charges\u2019) no later than 6 months after the end of the month the transfer was made.\n\n## 10-year anniversary charge\n\nThe 10-year anniversary charge can be paid up to 6 months after the 10th anniversary of the date the trust was set up.\n\n## Pay early to avoid paying interest\n\nYou can make early Inheritance Tax payments before you know the exact amount the estate owes (this is known as a \u2018payment on account\u2019).\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay all the tax the estate owes by the due date. If you will not know how much Inheritance Tax the estate owes by the time the payment is due, a payment on account can help you avoid some of the interest.\n\n## If you overpay\n\nIf you pay more money than the final bill says the estate owes, HMRC will refund the excess after you\u2019ve been given probate (confirmation in Scotland). Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.\n\nHMRC will also pay interest on the amount you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\nTo receive the refund, you\u2019ll need to write to HMRC.\n\nPut \u2018Repayment - further details\u2019 at the top of the letter.\n\nInclude the name, number and sort code of the bank account you want the refund to go to.\n\nThe letter must be signed by the same people who signed forms IHT400 and IHT100 if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying without the help of a solicitor or agent\n\n- the refund is being paid into a different bank account to the one nominated in IHT400 or IHT100\n\nIf you\u2019re an agent acting on behalf of the estate and you\u2019re not asking for the refund to be paid into a different bank account, only put your signature on the letter.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paying-inheritance-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father was a highly successful businessman, with property including a large country house and several holiday homes. Sadly he died 2 months ago. I was named as a beneficiary in his will and now I need to pay the inheritance tax.", + "original_question": "Is interest payable if I agree to pay it in installments?" + }, + { + "id": "train-27", + "question": "Scenario: I remarried last year, in January 2020, and I have been running my large estate alone. I want my partner to help me run my estate business and include him on my will.\n\nQuestion: Will I be allowed to include him in my will?\n\nDocument - Making a will:\n## Overview\n\nYour will lets you decide what happens to your money, property and possessions after your death.\n\nIf you make a will you can also make sure you do not pay more Inheritance Tax than you need to.\n\nYou can write your will yourself, but you should get advice if your will is not straightforward.\n\nYou need to get your will formally witnessed and signed to make it legally valid.\n\nIf you want to update your will, you need to make an official alteration (called a \u2018codicil\u2019) or make a new will.\n\nIf you die without a will, the law decides who gets what.\n\n## Write your will\n\nYour will should set out:\n\n- who you want to benefit from your will\n\n- who should look after any children under 18\n\n- who is going to sort out your estate and carry out your wishes after your death (your executor)\n\n- what happens if the people you want to benefit die before you\n\nYou can also include a charity in your will.\n\n## When you need legal advice\n\nYou can get advice from a professional if your will is not straightforward, for example:\n\n- you share a property with someone who is not your husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- you want to leave money or property to a dependant who cannot care for themselves\n\n- you have several family members who may make a claim on your will, such as a second spouse or children from another marriage\n\n- your permanent home is outside the UK\n\n- you have property overseas\n\n- you have a business\n\n## Keep your will safe\n\nYou can keep your will at your home or store it with:\n\n- your solicitor\n\n- your bank\n\n- a company that offers the storage of wills - you can search online\n\n- the London Probate Service\n\nRead full guidance on storing your will with the Probate\nService.\n\nYou should tell your executor (the person you\u2019ve chosen to carry out your will), a close friend or relative where your will is.\n\n## Make sure your will is legal\n\nFor your will to be legally valid, you must:\n\n- be 18 or over\n\n- make it voluntarily\n\n- be of sound mind\n\n- make it in writing\n\n- sign it in the presence of 2 witnesses who are both over 18\n\n- have it signed by your 2 witnesses, in your presence\n\nSigning can be witnessed both in person and remotely (for example by video conferencing). In both cases:\n\n- you must have a clear view of the person and the act of signing\n\n- the will maker (or person authorised to sign on their behalf) and witnesses must sign the same document\n\nYou can only sign remotely in England or Wales.\n\nIf you make any changes to your will you must follow the same signing and witnessing process.\n\nYou cannot leave your witnesses (or their married partners) anything in your will.\n\n## Update your will\n\nYou should review your will every 5 years and after any major change in your life, for example:\n\n- getting separated or divorced\n\n- getting married (this cancels any will you made before)\n\n- having a child\n\n- moving house\n\n- if the executor named in the will dies\n\n## Making changes to your will\n\nYou cannot amend your will after it\u2019s been signed and witnessed. The only way you can change a will is by making an official alteration called a codicil.\n\nYou must sign a codicil and get it witnessed in the same way as witnessing a will.\n\nThere\u2019s no limit on how many codicils you can add to a will.\n\n## Making a new will\n\nFor major changes you should make a new will.\n\nYour new will should explain that it revokes (officially cancels) all previous wills and codicils. You should destroy your old will by burning it or tearing it up.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-will", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I remarried last year, in January 2020, and I have been running my large estate alone. I want my partner to help me run my estate business and include him on my will.", + "original_question": "Will I be allowed to include him in my will?" + }, + { + "id": "train-28", + "question": "Scenario: My late uncle left a house for me according to his will.He had a sole ownership of the property .It is in a nice high end area and i would like to sell it.\n\nQuestion: Do i need to apply for a probate before i put it on sale?\n\nDocument - Applying for probate:\n## Overview\n\nApplying for the legal right to deal with someone\u2019s property, money and possessions (their \u2018estate\u2019) when they die is called \u2018applying for probate\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a document that allows you to start dealing with the estate. If the person left a will you\u2019ll get either:\n\n- a \u2018grant of probate\u2019\n\n- \u2018letters of administration with will annexed\u2019 (if the will does not name an executor or the named executor is unable to apply)\n\nIf the person did not leave a will, you\u2019ll get \u2018letters of administration\u2019.\n\nThis guide and the service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThe process is different in Scotland and different in Northern Ireland.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process.\n\n## When probate is not needed\n\nYou may not need probate if the person who died:\n\n- had jointly owned land, property, shares or money - these will automatically pass to the surviving owners\n\n- only had savings or premium bonds\n\nContact each asset holder (for example a bank or mortgage company) to find out if you\u2019ll need probate to get access to their assets. Every organisation has its own rules.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nOnly certain people can apply for probate to deal with the estate of someone who died. It depends on whether the person who died left a will.\n\nA will states what should happen to a person\u2019s property and belongings (\u2018estate\u2019) after they die. It\u2019s usually valid if it\u2019s been signed by the person who made it and 2 witnesses.\n\n## If there\u2019s a will\n\nYou can apply for probate if you\u2019re named in the will, or in an update to the will (a \u2018codicil\u2019), as an \u2018executor\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll need the original will and any updates to apply for probate. These must be original documents, not photocopies.\n\nIf you do not want to apply for probate, fill in a form to give up executor rights.\n\nFind out what to do if you\u2019re an executor.\n\n## If the person did not leave a will\n\nThe \u2018administrator\u2019 deals with the estate.\n\nYou can apply to become the estate\u2019s administrator if you are 18 or over and you are the most \u2018entitled\u2019 inheritor of the deceased\u2019s estate. This is usually the deceased\u2019s closest living relative.\n\nRelatives are the most entitled inheritors in the following order:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner (including if they were separated)\n\n- children (including legally adopted children but not step-children)\n\n- grandchildren\n\n- great-grandchildren\n\n- parents\n\n- brothers and sisters\n\n- nieces and nephews\n\n- half-brothers and half-sisters\n\n- half-nieces and half-nephews (the children of the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased)\n\n- grandparents\n\n- aunts and uncles\n\n- cousins\n\n- half-aunts and half-uncles (the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased\u2019s parent)\n\n- half-cousins (the children of the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased\u2019s parent)\n\nTo apply, follow the same steps as applying for probate.\n\nYou\u2019ll receive \u2018letters of administration\u2019 to prove you have the legal right to deal with the estate.\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019re the partner of the person but were not their spouse or civil partner when they died. You\u2019re not automatically entitled to any of their estate, unless you\u2019re able to make changes to the inheritance.\n\n## If you do not want to apply\n\nIf you\u2019re the most entitled inheritor and you do not want to apply to be the administrator, you can either:\n\n- appoint an attorney to act on your behalf - fill in an attorney form or set up a signed enduring power of attorney (EPA) or registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) and get the attorney to send this in with the probate application\n\n- nominate up to 2 people to be the next most entitled inheritor - fill in an \u2018intestate\u2019 form and send it to HMCTS Probate\n\n## Work out who inherits\n\nThe law decides who inherits the estate if there\u2019s no will. Work out who will inherit.\n\nYou\u2019ll need this information to report the estate\u2019s value and find out if there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay.\n\nInheritance laws may be different if you live in an EU country.\n\n## Stopping a probate application\n\nIf there\u2019s a dispute, you can challenge an application for probate (\u2018enter a caveat\u2019), before it\u2019s granted.\n\nFind out how to stop a probate application.\n\n## If you\u2019re an executor\n\nAn executor is someone named in a will as responsible for sorting out the estate of the person who\u2019s died.\n\nThe person who died will normally have told you if you\u2019re an executor. You\u2019ll need the original will to apply for probate.\n\n## Find the original will\n\nThe person who died should have told all the executors where to find the original will and any updates, for example:\n\n- at their house\n\n- with a probate practitioner, such as a solicitor\n\n- at the Newcastle District Probate Registry - you\u2019ll need the death certificate and evidence you\u2019re the executor\n\nGet help from a probate practitioner or Citizens Advice if you cannot understand a will or codicil.\n\nIf you cannot find the original will, you\u2019ll need to fill in a lost will form.\n\nIf there\u2019s more than one will, only the most recent will is valid. Do not destroy any copies of earlier wills until you\u2019ve received probate.\n\nAn executor only receives assets if they\u2019re also named as a beneficiary.\n\n## If there\u2019s more than one executor\n\nIf more than one person is named as an executor, you must all agree who makes the application for probate.\n\nUp to 4 executors can be named on the application.\n\nIf only one executor is named on the application they\u2019ll need to prove that they tried to contact all executors named in the will before they applied.\n\nIf you\u2019re having problems finding the other executors, you can contact the Probate Call Centre.\n\nThe Probate Call Centre cannot help with disagreements between executors. You\u2019ll need to find another way to reach an agreement - this could mean getting legal advice.\n\n## If you do not want to or cannot be an executor\n\nThe will may name a replacement executor for someone who becomes \u2018unwilling or unable\u2019 to deal with the estate.\n\nIf no executors are willing or able to apply for probate, fill in a form to give up executor rights and send it to HMCTS Probate.\n\n## You do not want to be an executor\n\nYou can do one of the following:\n\n- completely give up your right to apply for probate (\u2018renunciation\u2019) - fill in a form to give up executor rights and send it with the probate application form\n\n- reserve your right to apply for probate later if another executor cannot deal with the estate (holding \u2018power reserved\u2019)\n\n- appoint an attorney to act on your behalf - fill in an attorney form or set up a signed enduring power of attorney (EPA) or registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) and send it with the probate application\n\n## When an executor is unable to apply for probate\n\nA replacement executor should apply for probate if the executor is unable to, for example because:\n\n- they\u2019ve died\n\n- they do not have \u2018mental capacity\u2019 - get a doctor to fill in a mental capacity form and send it with the probate application\n\n## Apply for probate\n\nYou can apply for probate yourself online or by post, or pay a probate practitioner (such as a solicitor) to do it for you.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process. It\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.\n\nThis guide and the service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Before you apply\n\n- Check if you need probate.\n\n- Check if you can apply for probate.\n\n- You must estimate and report the estate\u2019s value before you apply for probate.\n\n- You must find out whether you need to pay Inheritance Tax. If you do have to pay it, send the appropriate forms to HMRC and wait 20 working days before applying for probate.\n\n- You must have the original will if you\u2019re the executor (you do not need it if you\u2019re an administrator). You must also have the original death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner.\n\n## If you need to pay Inheritance Tax\n\nYou normally have to pay at least some of the tax before you\u2019ll get probate. You can claim the tax back from the estate, if you pay it out of your own bank account.\n\n## Probate application fees\n\nYou may have to pay a fee to apply for probate. Whether you need to pay depends on the value of the estate.\n\nIf the value of the estate is over \u00a35,000, the application fee is \u00a3215. You may be able to get help to pay the probate fee and other court fees if you have a low income or are on certain benefits.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if the estate is \u00a35,000 or less.\n\nExtra copies of the probate cost \u00a31.50 each. This means you can send them to different organisations at the same time.\n\n## If the will has been changed or damaged\n\nYou must include a cover letter if the will or any additions have changed in any way since you\u2019ve had them. This includes them being damaged or separated for photocopying.\n\nThe letter should explain what\u2019s been changed and why.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nIf you\u2019ve not yet applied and have a question about applying for probate, contact the Courts and Tribunals Service Centre:\n\n## If you\u2019re a probate practitioner\n\nYou should apply for probate for your client using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\n## Apply for probate online\n\nYou can use this service if you\u2019re the executor or administrator and you:\n\n- have the original will and any additions to it (\u2018codicils\u2019) if you\u2019re the executor (you do not need these if you\u2019re an administrator)\n\n- have the original death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner\n\n- have already reported the estate\u2019s value\n\n- have submitted tax forms to HMRC and waited 20 working days, if you need to pay Inheritance Tax\n\nThe person who died must have lived in England or Wales most of the time.\n\nThe probate registry will keep the original will and any additions to it. If you make a copy of these for your records, do not remove any staples or bindings from them.\n\nApply for probate\n\nReturn to an existing probate application.\n\n## Apply for probate by post\n\nThe form you need to fill in depends on whether the person left a will or not.\n\nFill in application form PA1P if there is a will.\n\nFill in application form PA1A if there is not a will.\n\nBecause of COVID-19, it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to apply for probate if you can.\n\nYou need to pay before you send the form.\n\nYou can pay by either:\n\n- calling the Courts and Tribunals Service Centre to pay by credit or debit card - you\u2019ll be given a reference number to send with your documents\n\n- sending a cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your documents\n\nSend your completed form to HMCTS Probate with the following documents:\n\n- the original will and any additions to it (\u2018codicils\u2019)\n\n- the death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner\n\nUse a signed-for or tracked postal service that will deliver to PO boxes to send your documents.\n\nThe death certificate will be returned to you but the will and any additions to it will not be. If you make a copy of the will and any of its additions for your own records, do not remove any staples or bindings from them.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get the grant of probate or letters of administration within 8 weeks of sending in your original documents. If you ordered copies of these documents for use outside the UK, these will take longer to arrive.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.\n\nYou should not make any financial plans or put property on the market until you have received the grant of probate or letters of administration.\n\nIf there\u2019s anything wrong with the grant of probate (or letters of administration), return it to the district probate registry listed on the grant or letters.\n\nSend a copy to organisations that hold the assets of the person who died, for example their bank.\n\nOnce you have probate you can start dealing with the estate.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/applying-for-probate", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My late uncle left a house for me according to his will.He had a sole ownership of the property .It is in a nice high end area and i would like to sell it.", + "original_question": "Do i need to apply for a probate before i put it on sale?" + }, + { + "id": "train-29", + "question": "Scenario: I set up a car-washing business with a friend ten years ago. The business has expanded and is doing well. My friend has been missing for six months, and I have no contact with him.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply to manage my missing business partner's finances in order to continue to run our business?\n\nDocument - Manage a missing person's finances and property:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to be a guardian and manage the finances or property of someone who:\n\n- is missing\n\n- is in prison abroad and cannot communicate\n\n- has been taken hostage or kidnapped\n\nThe person must be missing from home and their usual activities.\n\nOne of the following must also apply:\n\n- you do not know where they are\n\n- they cannot contact you to let you know their decisions\n\nYou must apply to the High Court for a guardianship order.\n\nYou can apply when the person has been missing for the previous 90 days. You can apply earlier if it\u2019s urgent, for example the person\u2019s house is being repossessed.\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will supervise you while you are acting as a guardian. You\u2019ll need to keep records of the activities you carry out and decisions you make.\n\nYou must send reports to the Office of the Public Guardian when they ask you for them. They will tell you when it\u2019s time to send your report.\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian might visit you.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- parent\n\n- child\n\n- brother or sister\n\n- guardian already and you\u2019re renewing the order\n\nYou can also apply if you can give the court evidence that you have a \u2018sufficient interest\u2019 in the person\u2019s finances or property. This might be, for example, because:\n\n- you have been in a relationship for a long time with the person and you live with them\n\n- the person is your business partner and you need to continue to run the business\n\n- you are the person\u2019s step-parent, step-sibling or step-child\n\nThe longer you\u2019ve known the person and the better you know them, the easier it will be for you to convince the court that you have \u2018sufficient interest\u2019.\n\nYou must be over 18 to apply.\n\n## Apply to be a guardian\n\nYou can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.\n\n## Fill in the form\n\nDownload and fill in a part 8 claim form.\n\nInclude:\n\n- your name and address (under \u2018claimant\u2019)\n\n- the missing person\u2019s name (under \u2018defendant\u2019)\n\n- your relationship to the missing person\n\n- the last known address of the person\n\n- when the person went missing\n\n- how long the person has been missing\n\nIf you\u2019re applying with other people, complete one form with everyone\u2019s details in it.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to write a witness statement to help the court decide if you\u2019re a suitable guardian.\n\n## Witness statement\n\nConfirm that the missing person normally lives in England or Wales.\n\nIf you\u2019re not the person\u2019s husband, wife, civil partner, parent, child, brother or sister, explain why you\u2019re interested in the person\u2019s property or financial affairs.\n\nIf it\u2019s less than 90 days since the person went missing, explain you need the guardianship order urgently, for example, because the person is going to lose their house.\n\nIn the statement, include:\n\n- the person\u2019s usual day-to-day activities and when they stopped doing them\n\n- evidence that the person has been missing for at least the last 90 days\n\n- information about the property and finances of the person\n\n- what you know about their disappearance and where they might be\n\n- details of any police investigation or report\n\n- the names and addresses of the missing person\u2019s family, if they have any\n\n- the proposed news advert\n\n- whether you\u2019ve been convicted of a criminal offence\n\n- whether you\u2019ve been refused credit\n\n- whether you\u2019ve ever been bankrupt\n\n- whether you\u2019ve run a company that became insolvent or went bankrupt\n\n- confirmation that you believe the facts in the document are true and accurate (a \u2018truth statement\u2019)\n\n## Send the form to the High Court\n\nApply to one of the following:\n\n- the Chancery Division of the High Court - if there are complicated issues with a property or trust\n\n- the Family Division of the High Court - if it\u2019s likely that family disagreements and issues will happen\n\n- Your local High Court District Registry\n\nThe High Court can transfer your hearing from one division to another. This will not change what you have to pay.\n\nSend one identical copy for each person you need to tell, plus a copy for the court.\n\n- the form and witness statement\n\n- any documents you have as supporting evidence, for example police reports\n\n- a cheque for the court fee, made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nFind your local High Court District Registry.\n\nAfter you apply you\u2019ll need to advertise your claim in a newspaper. The High Court will ask you to go to a hearing.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nYou must pay either:\n\n- a \u00a3528 application fee if you apply to the Chancery Division of the High Court\n\n- a \u00a3245 application fee if you apply to the Family Division of the High Court\n\nSend a cheque for HM Courts and Tribunals with your application.\n\nYou might also have to pay a security bond.\n\nOnce you\u2019re appointed as a guardian you must pay:\n\n- a \u00a3200 set up fee\n\n- a \u00a3320 supervision fee every year of your guardianship\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will tell you how and when to pay your set up and supervision fees.\n\nIf you want to get the money back for the fees from the missing person\u2019s account, ask the court to give you permission in the guardianship order.\n\n## Pay the security bond\n\nYou might have to pay a security bond before you can use the guardianship order. The High Court will tell you if you need to pay a bond.\n\nIf the guardianship order gives you permission, either:\n\n- pay the bond from the person\u2019s funds\n\n- pay the bond yourself then pay yourself back once you have access to the person\u2019s finances\n\nYou cannot start acting for the person until you\u2019ve paid the security bond.\n\n## Get help with your fees\n\nYou might also be able to get help paying court fees.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nThe court will send copies of your form back to you, with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number. It will keep a copy of the form. The High Court will let you know the hearing date.\n\nThe hearing will take place at least 8 weeks after the High Court sends you the claim forms back.\n\nWhen you have a hearing date from the court, you need to tell other people that you\u2019ve applied before the hearing, in case they object. You must also advertise your claim in a newspaper.\n\n## Tell the person\u2019s family that you\u2019ve applied to be their guardian\n\nYou\u2019ll need to tell the missing person\u2019s:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- parents, brothers and sisters\n\n- children\n\nSend:\n\n- a copy of the claim form\n\n- the acknowledgement of service form that the court has sent you\n\n- copies of the supporting evidence you sent with your application\n\n- a letter telling them the date of the first hearing\n\n## Advertise your claim in the news\n\nYou must advertise your claim within 14 days from the day you get a date for the first court hearing. The advert must appear in a print or online newspaper that covers the missing person\u2019s last known usual address.\n\n## How to write the advert\n\nYou can use this template for the advert. Add your own information where there are square brackets.\n\nIn the High Court of Justice [Family or Chancery] Division\n\nCase number [ ]\n\nIn the matter of an application made under the Guardianship (Missing Persons) Act 2017 for a guardianship order in respect of [insert missing person name].\n\nA claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, [Family or Chancery] Division, case no. [case number], by [your name] for an order that [your name] be appointed guardian in respect of [missing person] (\u201cthe missing person\u201d), whose last usual place of residence was [missing person\u2019s address].\n\nThe date and venue for the first hearing of the claim application is [date] at [court address]. Any spouse, civil partner, parent, child or sibling of the missing person is entitled to intervene in the matter. Any other person having an interest may apply to the court for permission to intervene in the matter.\n\nIf you wish to give notice of intention to intervene or to apply to the court for permission to intervene, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and no later than 14 days before the date of the first hearing, and serve a copy of that notice or application on the claimant at the address given below. Delay may harm your prospects of obtaining permission to intervene if you are not entitled to intervene, and, in any event, may be taken into account on any question relating to costs.\n\n[your name]\n[Name and address of your legal representative, if you have one]\n[Your address, if you do not have a legal representative]\n\n## Tell the court about the advert\n\nAt least 7 days before the first court hearing, send evidence to the High Court that you advertised the claim. Include the case number the court has sent you. Evidence could be:\n\n- a copy of the printed page\n\n- a working link to a website\n\n- confirmation from the news organisation\n\n## At the hearing\n\nBring any supporting documents you have to the hearing.\n\nAt the hearing, the judge might consider:\n\n- your relationship with the missing person\n\n- the missing person\u2019s opinion of you (for example, if there is evidence in writing from before they disappeared)\n\n- whether you have the right skills and knowledge to be a guardian\n\n- any conflict of interest between you and the missing person\n\nYou might be:\n\n- asked for more information\n\n- told there has to be another hearing\n\nThe court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need.\n\nThere might be several hearings before the High Court makes a decision. It depends on how complicated the case is.\n\n## If the High Court approves your claim\n\nThe judge might tell you at the hearing that you have been successful, or there could be a short wait before you find out. It depends on how complicated your case is and how much the missing person owns.\n\nOnce the High Court has given you a guardianship order, they will send you several copies of it and a copy to the Office of the Public Guardian.\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will register your guardianship and supervise you. You might have to pay a security bond. The High Court will tell you if you do.\n\n## When you\u2019re appointed as a guardian\n\nThe guardianship order will tell you when you can start to make decisions for the person and what kinds of decision you can make.\n\nThe order will also say how long you are guardian for.\n\nContact the High Court if there are mistakes on the order.\n\nYou\u2019ll need apply again to make a decision on anything that\u2019s not covered by the order.\n\n## Let people know you\u2019re a guardian\n\nThe court might give you the right to find out where the person has bank or building society accounts, if you do not know already. You\u2019ll need to write to banks and building societies to find out.\n\nIf the order mentions people or organisations, tell them that you\u2019re the guardian.\n\nSome examples are:\n\n- Department for Work and Pensions\n\n- banks or building societies\n\n- life assurance companies\n\n- the payer of any private pensions\n\n- the solicitor who holds the person\u2019s will or property deeds\n\n- utility providers\n\n- the company where the person has a mortgage\n\nSend:\n\n- the guardianship order\n\n- proof of your name and address\n\n- proof of the name and address of the person you are guardian for\n\nProof of name and address could be a driving licence or utility bill. Check with the organisation:\n\n- what proof of name and address they accept\n\n- whether they\u2019ll accept a photocopy of the guardianship order or only the original\n\nAsk organisations to return your guardianship order when you send it out or you may run out of copies.\n\n## Pay bills and cancel payments\n\nOnce you have access to the person\u2019s accounts and know where their income comes from and their assets, you can make a full list of what\u2019s in their estate so you know what you\u2019re responsible for. If the guardianship order gives you permission, pay any outstanding bills and cancel any payments if they no longer apply.\n\n## Make decisions\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will supervise you while you act as a guardian. You\u2019ll need to keep a record of the decisions you make.\n\nThe kinds of decision the guardianship order might let you make include:\n\n- making an investment for the person\n\n- selling some of the person\u2019s assets\n\n- cancelling direct debits\n\nAny decisions you make for someone must be right for them (\u2018in their best interests\u2019).\n\n## Making decisions in someone\u2019s best interests\n\nTake into account:\n\n- what they would have decided if they could\n\n- their feelings and wishes\n\n- their values and beliefs, including moral, political and religious views\n\n- the views of other people who have an interest in the missing person\u2019s property\n\nDo not make assumptions based on their age, gender, ethnic background, sexuality or health.\n\nIt can help to:\n\n- write down what the person has told you is important to them\n\n- look at other things they wrote down or recorded (such as household budgets or home videos)\n\n- speak to friends, family or colleagues who know them well\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send a report to the Office for the Public Guardian explaining what decisions you took.\n\n## Difficult decisions and disagreements\n\nConsult the person\u2019s family and friends. Including everyone in a meeting can help you reach agreement.\n\nIf you cannot agree you can get advice about how to reach agreement from the Office of the Public Guardian.\n\nYou must apply again to the High Court to make a decision not covered by the guardianship order.\n\n## Keeping records, giving gifts and claiming expenses\n\nYou must keep financial records and accounts. Follow the rules for gifts and expenses. You must also record the transactions in your guardianship report.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nKeep a record if you:\n\n- make an investment for the person\n\n- sell the person\u2019s home, car or other valuables\n\n- use the person\u2019s money to buy someone a gift\n\n- ask someone for advice and any disagreements\n\n- close an account\n\n- pay a bill\n\nYou must keep copies of:\n\n- bank statements and receipts\n\n- invoices\n\n- contracts for services or tradespeople\n\n- letters and emails about your activities as a guardian\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian might ask you to send these in when it reviews your guardian report.\n\n## Giving gifts\n\nYour guardianship order will say if you can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the person, including donations to charities. It will also say if there\u2019s a limit on what you can spend.\n\nYou must be sure the person can afford the gift.\n\n## Expenses\n\nCheck your guardianship order to find out whether or not you can claim expenses. You can only claim expenses if the order gives you permission and for things you must do to carry out your role as a guardian, for example:\n\n- hiring a professional to do things like fill in the person\u2019s tax return\n\n- travel costs\n\n- stationery\n\n- postage\n\n- phone calls\n\nYou can be ordered to repay the person\u2019s money if you misuse it or make decisions to benefit yourself.\n\nKeep your receipts and invoice the person for your expenses.\n\n## Complete your report\n\nYou must write a report for the Office of the Public Guardian each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made as a guardian.\n\nIt must include:\n\n- the reasons for your decisions and why they were in the person\u2019s best interests\n\n- who you spoke to and what they said was in the person\u2019s best interests\n\n- the opening and closing balances and bank statements\n\n- payments and transfers in and out of their accounts\n\n- details of the person\u2019s assets\n\n- any assets you bought or sold\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will tell you when to send your report and how to send it.\n\nIf you do not send the report, the Office of the Public Guardian might:\n\n- increase the amount of supervision you get\n\n- ask the court to replace you with a different guardian\n\n## Make a decision that's not covered by the order\n\nYou must apply to the High Court if you need to change your guardianship, for example to make decisions not covered by the original order.\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply to the High Court to change the guardianship order.\n\nDownload and fill in form N244.\n\nInclude your case number and select that you are the \u2018claimant\u2019.\n\n## When the guardianship ends\n\nYour guardianship ends automatically if one of the following things happens:\n\n- your guardianship order expires\n\n- the person dies\n\n- someone makes a declaration of presumed death\n\n- you die\n\n## If the person returns or you decide to step down\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to the High Court to end (\u2018revoke\u2019) the guardianship order.\n\nDownload and fill in form N244.\n\nInclude your case number and select that you are the \u2018claimant\u2019.\n\nExplain in the details section that you want to revoke the guardianship because the missing person has returned or you\u2019ve decided to step down.\n\n## Renew your guardianship\n\nThe guardianship order will make you a guardian for a maximum of 4 years.\n\nYou can apply for another guardianship order when it expires. The process is the same as applying for guardianship.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/manage-missing-persons-finances", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I set up a car-washing business with a friend ten years ago. The business has expanded and is doing well. My friend has been missing for six months, and I have no contact with him.", + "original_question": "Can I apply to manage my missing business partner's finances in order to continue to run our business?" + }, + { + "id": "train-33", + "question": "Scenario: Me and my husband are both secondary school teachers. We are looking to adopt our first child this year however we will need time off during school days.\n\nQuestion: Can we take both paid time off during school hours?\n\nDocument - Adoption pay and leave:\n## Overview\n\nWhen you take time off to adopt a child or have a child through a surrogacy arrangement you might be eligible for:\n\n- Statutory Adoption Leave\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nThere are rules on when and how to claim your paid leave and if you want to change your dates.\n\nYou may also be eligible to take Shared Parental Leave and Pay.\n\n## Your employment rights when on leave\n\nYour employment rights are protected while on Statutory Adoption Leave. This includes your right to:\n\n- pay rises\n\n- build up (accrue) holiday\n\n- return to work\n\n## Leave\n\nStatutory Adoption Leave is 52 weeks. It\u2019s made up of:\n\n- 26 weeks of Ordinary Adoption Leave\n\n- 26 weeks of Additional Adoption Leave\n\nOnly 1 person in a couple can take adoption leave. The other partner could get paternity leave instead.\n\nIf you get adoption leave, you can also get paid time off work to attend 5 adoption appointments after you\u2019ve been matched with a child.\n\nUse the planner to work out the dates for your adoption leave.\n\n## Start date\n\nAdoption leave can start:\n\n- up to 14 days before the date the child starts living with you (UK adoptions)\n\n- when the child arrives in the UK or within 28 days of this date (overseas adoptions)\n\n- the day the child\u2019s born or the day after (if you\u2019ve used a surrogate to have a child)\n\n## Change your dates\n\nYou must tell your employer within 28 days if the date of placement (or UK arrival date for overseas adoptions) changes.\n\nYou must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice if you want to change your return to work date.\n\n## Pay\n\nStatutory Adoption Pay is paid for up to 39 weeks. The weekly amount is:\n\n- 90% of your average weekly earnings for the first 6 weeks\n\n- \u00a3151.97 or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks\n\nIt\u2019s paid in the same way as your wages (for example monthly or weekly). Tax and National Insurance will be deducted.\n\n## Extra pay\n\nYou may get more pay if your employer has a company adoption pay scheme. Your employer cannot offer you less than the statutory amount.\n\n## Start date\n\nStatutory Adoption Pay starts when you take your adoption leave.\n\n## Problems and disputes\n\nIf you disagree with the amount of Statutory Adoption Pay you get or your employer cannot pay it, for example because they\u2019re insolvent, contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThere are different eligibility rules for leave and pay.\n\n## Adoption leave\n\nTo get Statutory Adoption Leave, you must:\n\n- be an employee\n\n- give the correct notice\n\n- give proof of the adoption or surrogacy, if your employer asks you for it\n\n## Leave if you\u2019re adopting a child from overseas\n\nYou must also sign form SC6 if you\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms you\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.\n\n## Adoption pay\n\nTo get Statutory Adoption Pay, you must:\n\n- have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the week you were matched with a child\n\n- earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week (before tax)\n\n- give the correct notice\n\n- give proof of the adoption or surrogacy\n\nIf you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible.\n\n## Pay if you\u2019re adopting a child from overseas\n\nThe requirements are the same if you\u2019re adopting from overseas, except you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks when you start getting adoption pay.\n\nYou must also sign form SC6 if you\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms you\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.\n\n## Pay if you\u2019re in a surrogacy arrangement\n\nThe requirements are the same if you\u2019re in a surrogacy arrangement, except you must have been continuously employed by your employer for at least 26 weeks by the 15th week before the baby\u2019s due.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- intend to apply for a parental order\n\n- expect the order to be granted (for example because you do not have any convictions involving children, and the birth mother or father agree to the arrangement)\n\nIf you\u2019re genetically related to the child (the egg or sperm donor), you can choose to get paternity leave and pay instead. You cannot get both.\n\n## You\u2019re fostering for adoption\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for adoption pay and leave, you\u2019ll receive them from when the child comes to live with you.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou do not qualify for Statutory Adoption Leave or Pay if you:\n\n- arrange a private adoption\n\n- become a special guardian or kinship carer\n\n- adopt a stepchild\n\n- adopt a family member\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nYour employer must give you form SAP1 explaining why you cannot get Statutory Adoption Pay.\n\nYou may get support from your local council instead, if you\u2019re adopting a child.\n\n## How to claim\n\nThe rules are slightly different if you\u2019re adopting from overseas or you\u2019re having a child through a surrogacy arrangement.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nWithin 7 days of being matched with a child you must tell your employer:\n\n- how much leave you want\n\n- your leave start date\n\n- the \u2018date of placement\u2019 - the date the child is placed with you\n\nYour employer can ask for this in writing and for proof of the adoption.\n\nYour employer must confirm your leave start and end dates within 28 days.\n\nUse the planner to work out when you must claim your adoption leave.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nTell your employer you want to stop work to adopt a child and when you want your Statutory Adoption Pay to start. You must give them at least 28 days\u2019 notice. They can ask for this in writing and for proof of the adoption.\n\nYour employer must confirm within 28 days how much Statutory Adoption Pay you\u2019ll get and when it will start and stop.\n\nIf they decide you\u2019re not eligible, they must give you form SAP1 within 7 days of making their decision and explain why.\n\n## Proof of adoption\n\nYou must give your employer proof of adoption to qualify for Statutory Adoption Pay. Proof is not needed for Statutory Adoption Leave unless they request it.\n\nThe proof must show:\n\n- your name and address and that of the agency\n\n- the match date - for example the matching certificate\n\n- the date of placement - for example a letter from the agency\n\n- the relevant UK authority\u2019s \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming you\u2019re allowed to adopt (overseas adoptions only)\n\n- the date the child arrived in the UK - for example a plane ticket (overseas adoptions only)\n\n## Overseas adoptions\n\nTell your employer the date of your \u2018official notification\u2019 and when you expect the child to arrive in the UK. You must usually do this within 28 days of getting the notification.\n\nYou can only take longer if you\u2019ve worked for your employer for less than 26 weeks. Tell them within 28 days of the Sunday in your 26th week.\n\nYou must also tell them:\n\n- the actual date the child arrives in the UK - within 28 days of this date\n\n- how much leave you want and your start date - giving your employer 28 days\u2019 notice\n\n## Surrogacy arrangements\n\nIf you use a surrogate to have a baby, tell your employer the due date and when you want to start your leave at least 15 weeks before the expected week of birth. They may ask for this in writing.\n\nYour employer may also ask for a written statement (\u2018statutory declaration\u2019) to confirm you\u2019ve applied or will apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the child\u2019s birth. You must sign this in the presence of a legal professional.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-pay-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Me and my husband are both secondary school teachers. We are looking to adopt our first child this year however we will need time off during school days.", + "original_question": "Can we take both paid time off during school hours?" + }, + { + "id": "train-34", + "question": "Scenario: My 9 year old daughter has recently been diagnosed with AML (leukemia), and is likely to require very intensive care over the next few months. We are both UK citizens and have lived in the UK for all of her life.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim Disability Living Allowance to offset the costs of her care and transportation costs?\n\nDocument - Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children:\n## Overview\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) for children may help with the extra costs of looking after a child who:\n\n- is under 16\n\n- has difficulties walking or needs much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability\n\nThey will need to meet all the eligibility requirements.\n\nThe DLA rate is between \u00a323.70 and \u00a3152.15 a week and depends on the level of help the child needs.\n\n## DLA rates for children\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) for children is a tax-free benefit made up of 2 components (parts). The child might qualify for one or both components.\n\n## Care component\n\n| Care component | Weekly rate |\n\n| Lowest | \u00a323.70 |\n\n| Middle | \u00a360.00 |\n\n| Highest | \u00a389.60 |\n\n## Mobility component\n\n| Mobility component | Weekly rate |\n\n| Lower | \u00a323.70 |\n\n| Higher | \u00a362.55 |\n\n## How DLA for children is paid\n\nDLA is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Tuesday.\n\nIf your payment date is on a bank holiday, you will usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Extra help\n\nYou might qualify for Carer\u2019s Allowance if you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for a child who gets the middle or highest care rate of DLA.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nUsually, to qualify for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children the child must:\n\n- be under 16 - anyone over 16 must apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP)\n\n- need extra looking after or have walking dif\ufb01culties\n\n- be in Great Britain, a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland when you claim - there are some exceptions, such as family members of the Armed Forces\n\n- have lived in Great Britain for at least 6 of the last 12 months, if over 3 years old\n\n- be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands\n\n- not be subject to immigration control\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\nThere are some exceptions to these conditions if the child is living in or coming from an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\nYou can claim DLA for children if you\u2019re in or out of work.\n\n## Children under 3\n\nA child under 6 months must have lived in Great Britain for at least 13 weeks.\n\nA child aged between 6 months and 3 years must have lived in Great Britain for at least 26 of the last 156 weeks.\n\nThe rules on residence do not normally apply if a child is terminally ill.\n\n## The child\u2019s disability or health condition\n\nThe child\u2019s disability or health condition must mean at least one of the following apply:\n\n- they need much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability\n\n- they have difficulty getting about\n\nThey must have had these difficulties for at least 3 months and expect them to last for at least 6 months. If they\u2019re terminally ill (that is, not expected to live more than 6 months), they do not need to have had these difficulties for 3 months.\n\n## Care component\n\nThe rate the child gets depends on the level of looking after they need, for example:\n\n- lowest rate - help for some of the day\n\n- middle rate - frequent help or constant supervision during the day, supervision at night or someone to help while they\u2019re on dialysis\n\n- highest rate - help or supervision throughout both day and night, or they\u2019re terminally ill\n\n## Mobility component\n\nThe rate the child gets depends on the level of help they need getting about, for example:\n\n- lowest rate - they can walk but need help and or supervision when outdoors\n\n- highest rate - they cannot walk, can only walk a short distance without severe discomfort, could become very ill if they try to walk or they\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired\n\nThere are also age limits to receiving the mobility component:\n\n- lowest rate - the child must be 5 years or over\n\n- highest rate - the child must be 3 years or over\n\nIf your child is under these ages and you claim DLA for them, you should be sent a claim pack 6 months before they turn 3 and 6 months before they turn 5. You can then apply for the mobility component if you think they\u2019re eligible for it.\n\nIf you have not received any claim packs and you think your child may be entitled to the mobility component, contact the Disability Service Centre.\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nContact the Disability Service Centre as soon as the child\u2019s circumstances change. This can affect how much they get, for example if their disability gets worse or they go abroad for medical treatment.\n\nTheir DLA will not usually be affected if they go:\n\n- into a local authority care home for less than 28 days\n\n- into a hospital\n\n- abroad for less than 13 weeks\n\n- abroad for less than 26 weeks to get medical treatment for a condition which began before they left\n\n## How to claim\n\nTo claim DLA for a child you need to be their parent or look after them as if you\u2019re their parent. This includes step-parents, guardians, grandparents, foster-parents or older brothers or sisters.\n\nTo apply you can either:\n\n- print off and fill in the DLA claim form\n\n- phone the Disability Living Allowance helpline and ask for a printed form\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Disability Living Allowance helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## When you\u2019ll be paid\n\nDLA can be paid from the start of your claim. It cannot be backdated. Your claim will start on the date the form is received or the date you call the enquiry line (if you return the claim pack within 6 weeks).\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision letter about 8 weeks (40 working days) after your form is received. The letter will tell you when you\u2019ll get your first payment.\n\n## If the child is terminally ill\n\nThere are special rules if the child is not expected to live more than 6 months, so they can get DLA more quickly.\n\nPhone the Disability Living Allowance helpline to start your claim. Ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500. They\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## When your child turns 16\n\nYour child will need to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) when they turn 16.\n\n## When they apply for PIP\n\nYour child will get a letter inviting them to apply for PIP. The letter will be sent:\n\n- shortly after their 16th birthday\n\n- when they leave hospital, if they were in hospital on their 16th birthday\n\n- about 20 weeks before their DLA award ends, if they were awarded DLA under the rules for people who are terminally ill\n\nYour child\u2019s DLA payments will stop unless they apply for PIP by the date given in the letter.\n\nIf they apply by the date given in the letter, they\u2019ll continue to receive DLA until their claim is assessed.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disability-living-allowance-children", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My 9 year old daughter has recently been diagnosed with AML (leukemia), and is likely to require very intensive care over the next few months. We are both UK citizens and have lived in the UK for all of her life.", + "original_question": "Can I claim Disability Living Allowance to offset the costs of her care and transportation costs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-38", + "question": "Scenario: I served with the Royal Engineers during the war in Afghanistan from 2012-13, and now believe I have recently begun to experience traumatic flashbacks.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim for Post-Traumatic Stress, given the lateness of the onset of this?\n\nDocument - Claim if you were injured while serving in the armed forces:\n## Overview\n\nYou can claim compensation if you were injured or got an illness while serving in the armed forces (including the reserve forces).\n\nCompensation may include:\n\n- a lump sum\n\n- regular payments\n\n## What you can claim for\n\nYou can claim compensation for any injury or illness that happened as a result of your service, including physical and mental conditions.\n\nYou can also claim:\n\n- if you were injured during a service-related activity, eg a training exercise\n\n- for conditions you had before service if you feel your service made them worse\n\n## If you\u2019re a victim of crime while serving abroad\n\nFind out if you qualify for the Criminal Injuries Compensation (Overseas) scheme if you were the victim of a violent crime while serving abroad.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe compensation you get depends on either:\n\n- when you were injured\n\n- when the circumstances happened that caused your illness\n\nWhat you get might be reduced if you\u2019re getting compensation from another scheme.\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service after 5 April 2005\n\nIf your claim is successful, you\u2019ll get a tax-free lump sum payment between \u00a31,236 and \u00a3650,000. The amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.\n\n## If you have a more serious illness or injury\n\nYou may also receive a tax-free monthly payment for life when you\u2019re discharged - sometimes known as a Guaranteed Income Payment (GIP).\n\nThe GIP is based on your salary, age and how severe your injury is.\n\nIf your GIP payment level is 50% of your salary or more, you can also claim an Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP).\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\nIf your claim is successful, you\u2019ll be awarded either:\n\n- a pension - if your disability is assessed at 20% or more\n\n- a lump sum - if your disability is assessed at less than 20%\n\nThe amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.\n\nYou might also be able to get other allowances if you\u2019re having problems getting around or finding a job.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThe rules for qualifying are different depending on when you were injured.\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service after 5 April 2005\n\nClaim under the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme (AFCS).\n\nTo qualify you must be:\n\n- a current or former member of the armed forces\n\n- applying no later than 7 years after the injury or illness, unless you\u2019re claiming for an illness that started later (sometimes known as a \u2018late onset illness\u2019)\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\nClaim under the War Pension Scheme (WPS).\n\nThere are no time limits for claiming under the WPS but you must be no longer serving in the armed forces.\n\n## How to claim\n\nFill in the claim form and send it to the address on the form.\n\nIt\u2019s the same claim form for the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme (AFCS) and War Pension Scheme (WPS).\n\nYou can ask the Veterans Welfare Service (VWS) for help with making your claim.\n\nYou may be contacted for more evidence in support of your claim.\n\nYou may be able to apply for a \u2018fast payment\u2019 of \u00a360,000 if you were seriously injured during service after 8 May 2011.\n\n## If you disagree with the decision on your claim\n\nYou can write to Veterans UK to ask them reconsider their decision.\n\nYou can also appeal to an independent tribunal within 12 months.\n\n## Additional payments\n\nYou can apply for a Personal Independence Payment (PIP) while your compensation claim is being dealt with.\n\nYou might also be able to get:\n\n- other allowances if your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\n- an Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP) if you were seriously injured on or after 6 April 2005\n\n## Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve had the result of your compensation claim, you might be able to claim AFIP if you\u2019ve been seriously injured.\n\nAFIP is \u00a3151.40 per week. It\u2019s tax free and is paid every 4 weeks into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019re eligible if both of the following apply:\n\n- you were injured on or after 6 April 2005\n\n- you\u2019re given a Guaranteed Income Payment (GIP) of 50% or more\n\nYou\u2019ll get the payment as long as you\u2019re entitled to this level of GIP. You won\u2019t be reassessed in the future.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for AFIP, you can get a PIP if you have a long-term health condition or disability.\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact Veterans UK for a claim form. There\u2019s no deadline.\n\n## Claiming other benefits with AFIP\n\nIf you get AFIP you might be eligible for other benefits, eg Child Tax Credit.\n\nAFIP is not counted as income when working out your what other benefits you can claim.\n\nYour household is exempt from the benefit cap if you or your partner are getting AFIP.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-for-injury-received-while-serving", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I served with the Royal Engineers during the war in Afghanistan from 2012-13, and now believe I have recently begun to experience traumatic flashbacks.", + "original_question": "Can I claim for Post-Traumatic Stress, given the lateness of the onset of this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-42", + "question": "Scenario: I am 28, and have a 30 year old brother who has recently developed paranoid schizophrenia, resulting in him being sectioned under the Mental Health Act. I have a UK bank account.\n\nQuestion: Can I be appointed to handle my brother's existing tax credit claims?\n\nDocument - Claiming and dealing with tax credits for someone else:\n## Overview\n\nYou can get permission to deal with someone else\u2019s tax credits. The type of permission you need depends on what you want to do.\n\nYou can:\n\n- contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about someone else\u2019s claim - as an authorised intermediary\n\n- take responsibility for someone else\u2019s tax credit claim when they cannot manage their own affairs - as an appointee\n\n- claim tax credits for both your child and their baby\n\n## Authorisation\n\nYou must be authorised to talk to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about someone else\u2019s tax credits. If you\u2019re not, every time you call that person must first confirm their identity and say they\u2019re happy for you to act for them.\n\n## Get authorised\n\nSend form TC689 to HMRC. This must be signed by the person (or persons if it\u2019s a joint claim) you\u2019re representing.\n\nThe authorisation lasts 12 months unless a different end date is put on the form. It usually takes 2 days to get authorised from when your form is received but can take longer if you send a letter instead of form TC689. Usually, you will not get a letter confirming your authorisation.\n\nMore than one person can be authorised but each one must send a TC689 form.\n\nTax credits will not be paid into your account unless you\u2019re the appointee.\n\n## If you act for a lot of clients\n\nWrite to HMRC to register as an \u2018intermediary organisation\u2019 if you work in the voluntary sector and act for many people.\n\nYou can get urgent authorisation online if you\u2019re an intermediary organisation and you have a completed TC689.\n\nUse form 64-8 to get authorisation if you\u2019re a paid agent. You can then use the Agent Priority Line to contact HMRC.\n\n## Cancel an authorisation\n\nAn authorisation can be cancelled by writing to HMRC.\n\n## Appointees\n\nYou can apply for the right to deal with the tax credits of someone who cannot manage their own affairs, for example because they\u2019re mentally incapable or severely disabled.\n\nThis is called becoming an \u2018appointee\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019re not an appointee if you just help someone complete their claim form.\n\n## Applying to become a tax credit appointee\n\nYou must be over 18 and have a bank account. You do not have to be a relative.\n\nIf you have a tax credit claim form, complete the appointee section explaining why the person cannot complete and sign their form. Then send the form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). They may contact you for more information before deciding whether to make you an appointee or not.\n\nIf you do not have a claim form, contact HMRC.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must:\n\n- sign the tax credit claim form\n\n- renew the tax credits claim\n\n- report any changes which affect how much money the person gets\n\n- tell HMRC if you\u2019re no longer the appointee\n\nAny tax credits the person gets are paid directly into your bank account. If you make a false or misleading statement you may be charged a penalty.\n\nThe claimant is responsible for paying back overpayments. Their tax credits may be reduced or you may be asked to make a direct payment on their behalf.\n\n## Stop being an appointee\n\nWrite to HMRC within 1 month of when you want to stop being the appointee.\n\n## Claim on behalf of your child\n\n## Your child is under 16\n\nIf your child has a baby, you can make the claim for both of them if they live with you. The money will be paid to you.\n\n## Your child is over 16\n\nYour child can make the claim themselves if they\u2019re over 16 and have a baby.\n\nYou can make the claim for them if both the following apply:\n\n- your child and their baby live with you\n\n- your child is in approved education or training\n\nYou must stop claiming tax credits for your child if they start claiming tax credits for themselves. Phone HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to stop claiming tax credits.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-help-with-your-tax-credits-claim", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 28, and have a 30 year old brother who has recently developed paranoid schizophrenia, resulting in him being sectioned under the Mental Health Act. I have a UK bank account.", + "original_question": "Can I be appointed to handle my brother's existing tax credit claims?" + }, + { + "id": "train-43", + "question": "Scenario: I am having a baby with my partner in 3 months and we both work full-time. I would like to share my parental leave with my partner when the baby is born. I will have parental responsibility for the new baby.\n\nQuestion: Can I take shared parental leave at the same time as my partner?\n\nDocument - Shared Parental Leave and Pay:\n## How it works\n\nYou and your partner may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if you\u2019re:\n\n- having a baby\n\n- using a surrogate to have a baby\n\n- adopting a child\n\nYou can share up to 50 weeks of leave and up to 37 weeks of pay between you.\n\nYou need to share the pay and leave in the first year after your child is born or placed with your family.\n\nYou can use SPL to take leave in blocks separated by periods of work, or take it all in one go. You can also choose to be off work together or to stagger the leave and pay.\n\nTo get SPL and ShPP, you and your partner need to:\n\n- meet the eligibility criteria - there\u2019s different criteria for birth parents and criteria for adoptive parents or parents using a surrogate\n\n- give notice to your employers\n\n## Eligibility for birth parents\n\nTo be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP), both parents must:\n\n- share responsibility for the child at birth\n\n- meet work and pay criteria - these are different depending on which parent wants to use the shared parental leave and pay\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible if you started sharing responsibility for the child after it was born.\n\nThe eligibility criteria are different if you\u2019re adoptive parents or parents using a surrogate.\n\nYou can check if you can get SPL and ShPP. You\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- your child\u2019s due date or birth date\n\n- your and your partner\u2019s employment status and earnings\n\n- if you and your partner can get Statutory Maternity Pay or Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n## If both parents want to share the SPL and ShPP\n\nTo be eligible for SPL and ShPP, you and your partner must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date\n\n- stay with the same employer until you start your SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, you must be \u2018employees\u2019 (not \u2018workers\u2019) - check your employment status. If either of you is a \u2018worker\u2019, you might be able to share ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, you must each earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week each, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), you may still be eligible.\n\n## If the mother\u2019s partner wants to take the SPL and ShPP\n\nFor the mother\u2019s partner to take SPL and ShPP, both the mother and the mother\u2019s partner must meet some eligibility requirements.\n\nThe mother must:\n\n- have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the baby\u2019s due (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)\n\n- have earned at least \u00a3390 in total across any 13 of the 66 weeks\n\nThe mother\u2019s partner must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date\n\n- stay with the same employer until they start their SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, the partner must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If the partner is a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, the partner must earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If either person earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\n## If the mother wants to take the SPL and ShPP\n\nFor the mother to take SPL and ShPP, both the mother\u2019s partner and the mother must meet some eligibility criteria.\n\nThe mother\u2019s partner must:\n\n- have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the baby\u2019s due (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)\n\n- have earned at least \u00a3390 in total in 13 of the 66 weeks (add up the highest paying weeks, they do not need to be in a row)\n\nThe mother must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date\n\n- stay with the same employer until they start their SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, the mother must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If the mother is a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, the mother must earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If either person earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\n## Eligibility for adopters or parents using a surrogate\n\nTo be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP), both adoptive parents or both parents using a surrogate must:\n\n- share responsibility for the child on the child\u2019s due date or birth date if you\u2019re using a surrogate, or the date they\u2019re placed with you if you\u2019re adopting\n\n- meet the work and earnings criteria - these are different depending on which one of you wants to use the shared parental leave and pay\n\nThe eligibility criteria are different if you\u2019re birth parents.\n\nYou can check if you can get SPL and ShPP. You\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- your child\u2019s due date or birth date if you\u2019re using a surrogate, or the match date if you\u2019re adopting\n\n- your and your partner\u2019s employment status and earnings\n\n- if you and your partner can get Statutory Adoption Pay or Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n## If both parents want to share the SPL and ShPP\n\nTo be eligible for SPL and ShPP, you and your partner must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the week your child was placed with your family\n\n- stay with the same employer until you start your SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, you must be \u2018employees\u2019 (not \u2018workers\u2019) - check your employment status. If either of you is a \u2018worker\u2019, you might be able to share ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, you must each earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week each, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), you may still be eligible.\n\n## If only one of the parents wants to take the SPL and ShPP\n\nBoth parents must meet some eligibility criteria.\n\nThe parent who wants to take the leave and pay must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the week your child was placed with your family\n\n- stay with the same employer until they start their SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, they must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If they are a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, they must earn on average at least \u00a3120 each a week.\n\nThe other parent must:\n\n- have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the child was placed with you (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)\n\n- have earned at least \u00a3390 in total in 13 of the 66 weeks (add up the highest paying weeks, they do not need to be in a row)\n\nIf either parent earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible and you or your partner end maternity or adoption leave and pay (or Maternity Allowance) early, then you can:\n\n- take the rest of the 52 weeks of maternity or adoption leave as Shared Parental Leave (SPL)\n\n- take the rest of the 39 weeks of maternity or adoption pay (or Maternity Allowance) as Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP)\n\nYou can check when you and your partner can take your leave and how much statutory pay you\u2019ll get using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.\n\n## How much pay you\u2019ll get\n\nShPP is paid at the rate of \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.\n\nThis is the same as Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) except that during the first 6 weeks SMP is paid at 90% of whatever you earn (with no maximum).\n\n## When you can start\n\nYou can only start Shared Parental Leave (SPL) or Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) once the child has been born or placed for adoption.\n\nYou can check when you and your partner can start your leave using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.\n\n## For SPL to start\n\nThe mother (or the person getting adoption leave) must either:\n\n- return to work, which ends any maternity or adoption leave\n\n- give their employer \u2018binding notice\u2019 of the date when they plan to end their leave (you cannot normally change the date you give in binding notice)\n\nYou can start SPL while your partner is still on maternity or adoption leave as long as they\u2019ve given binding notice to end it.\n\nYou can give binding notice and say when you plan to take your SPL at the same time.\n\nA mother cannot return to work before the end of the compulsory 2 weeks of maternity leave following the birth (4 weeks if they work in a factory). If you\u2019re adopting, the person claiming adoption pay must take at least 2 weeks of adoption leave.\n\n## If the mother or adopter does not get maternity or adoption leave\n\nThe mother or adopter must end any maternity pay, adoption pay or Maternity Allowance so that they or their partner can get SPL.\n\n## For ShPP to start\n\nThe mother (or the person getting adoption pay) must give their employer binding notice of the date when they plan to end any maternity or adoption pay.\n\nIf they get Maternity Allowance, they must give notice to Jobcentre Plus instead.\n\nThey cannot restart maternity pay, Maternity Allowance or adoption pay once it\u2019s ended.\n\nYou can start ShPP while your partner is still on maternity pay, adoption pay or Maternity Allowance as long as they\u2019ve given binding notice to end it.\n\nYou can give binding notice and say when you plan to take your ShPP at the same time.\n\n## Change the decision to end maternity or adoption leave\n\nThe mother or adopter may be able to change their decision to end maternity or adoption leave early. They must let their employer know.\n\nThey can only change the decision if both:\n\n- the planned end date has not passed\n\n- they have not already returned to work\n\nOne of the following must also apply:\n\n- you find out during the 8-week notice period that neither of you is eligible for SPL or ShPP\n\n- the mother or adopter\u2019s partner has died\n\n- the mother tells their employer less than 6 weeks after the birth (and they gave their employer notice before the birth)\n\n## Booking blocks of leave\n\nYou can book up to 3 separate blocks of Shared Parental Leave (SPL) instead of taking it all in one go, even if you are not sharing the leave with your partner.\n\nIf your partner is also eligible for SPL, you can take up to 3 blocks of leave each. You can take leave at different times or both at the same time.\n\nYou must tell your employer about your plans for leave when you apply for SPL. You can change these plans later but you must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice before you want to begin a block of leave.\n\nYou can check when you and your partner can take your leave using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.\n\n## Splitting blocks of leave\n\nIf your employer agrees, you can split blocks into shorter periods of at least a week.\n\n## Shared Parental Leave in touch (SPLIT) days\n\nYou and your partner can each work up to 20 days while you\u2019re taking SPL. These are called \u2018Shared Parental Leave in touch\u2019 (or SPLIT) days.\n\nThese days are in addition to the 10 \u2018keeping in touch\u2019 (or KIT) days available to those on maternity or adoption leave.\n\nKIT and SPLIT days are optional - both you and your employer must agree to them.\n\n## Applying for leave and pay\n\nTo get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) or Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) you must:\n\n- follow the rules for starting SPL and ShPP\n\n- give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 written notice of your leave dates\n\nIf the mother (or person taking adoption leave) plans to take SPL or ShPP, they must apply to their employer.\n\nIf the partner plans to take SPL or ShPP, both the partner and the mother (or person taking adoption leave) must apply to their employers.\n\nYou can use Shared Parental Leave forms and templates created by Acas to:\n\n- give your employer notice that you plan to take SPL and ShPP\n\n- give your employer notice of when the mother or adopter is going to end their maternity or adoption leave, and when they\u2019ll stop getting maternity or adoption pay\n\n- book your leave dates\n\nIf your employer has their own forms you can use those instead.\n\nYou can change your mind later about how much SPL or ShPP you plan to take and when you want to take it. You must give notice of any changes at least 8 weeks before the start of any leave.\n\nYou might not get SPL or ShPP if you do not include all the required information.\n\n## Giving more information\n\nYour employer can ask you for more information within 14 days of you applying for SPL or ShPP. They can ask for:\n\n- a copy of the birth certificate\n\n- a declaration of the place and date of birth (if the birth has not been registered yet)\n\n- the name and address of your partner\u2019s employer or a declaration that your partner has no employer\n\nIf you\u2019re adopting, your employer can ask for the:\n\n- name and address of the adoption agency\n\n- date you were matched with the child\n\n- date the child will start to live with you\n\n- name and address of your partner\u2019s employer or a declaration that your partner has no employer\n\nYou must give this information within 14 days of being asked for it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am having a baby with my partner in 3 months and we both work full-time. I would like to share my parental leave with my partner when the baby is born. I will have parental responsibility for the new baby.", + "original_question": "Can I take shared parental leave at the same time as my partner?" + }, + { + "id": "train-44", + "question": "Scenario: I am 52 and live in England, and five years ago my father disappeared whilst on a holiday abroad. His civil partner had him declared legally dead two years later. I have, however, uncovered evidence that he may still be alive, and wish to have the certificate of presumed death revoked.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to send a copy of my claim to my father's civil partner?\n\nDocument - Change or cancel a presumption of death certificate:\n## Overview\n\nYou can make a claim to cancel (\u2018revoke\u2019) or change (\u2018vary\u2019) the details of a declaration of presumed death from the High Court if you can prove the missing person:\n\n- is still alive\n\n- died at a time earlier or later than the time of death in the original declaration\n\nYou can also make a claim if you can prove there are other circumstances that mean the declaration of presumed death should be cancelled or changed.\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3480 to change or cancel a declaration of presumed death. Read the fees leaflet to find out when you might not have to pay.\n\n## Make a claim for a declaration of presumed death\n\nYou can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.\n\n- Make your claim.\n\n- Advertise your claim in a newspaper.\n\n- Attend a hearing.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nDownload and fill in claim form N208.\n\nYou\u2019re known as the \u2018claimant\u2019 if you\u2019re making the claim.\n\nRead the guidance on filling in form N208. Include all the information asked for in \u2018claim for variation order\u2019 in your application.\n\nSend the claim to a court that can hear High Court cases.\n\nYou should include:\n\n- N208 form - one copy for each person named in the form plus a copy for the court\n\n- the claim fee of \u00a3480 - make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nThe court will stamp your form with an issue date and keep one copy of your N208 form. You\u2019ll get the other copies back, along with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number.\n\n## Send copies of your claim to other people\n\nSend a copy of form N208 with an acknowledgment of service form within 7 days of the issue date the court has put on the form to:\n\n- the person who made the original claim\n\n- the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, parents, children and siblings - if none of these are alive, send it to the missing person\u2019s nearest relative\n\n- any other person or organisation who might have an interest, eg an insurance company\n\nYou must advertise your claim in a newspaper within 7 days.\n\n## Advertise your claim in a newspaper\n\nYou must advertise your claim in a newspaper local to the missing person\u2019s last known address.\n\nPlace the advert within 7 days of the issue date stamped on the claim form.\n\n## Use standard text for the advert\n\nUse the following text. You\u2019ll need to delete some words and replace others in the square brackets with the right details.\n\n## Standard text\n\n\u201cIn the High Court of Justice [Chancery] [Family] Division\n\nCase number [insert case number]\n\nIn the matter of an application for a declaration of the presumed death of [insert the missing person\u2019s name].\n\nA claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, for a variation of a declaration that [insert missing person\u2019s name] whose last known address was [insert missing person\u2019s address] is presumed to be dead. Any person having an interest may apply to the court to intervene in the matter.\n\nIf you wish to apply to the court, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and if possible within 21 days of the date of this notice. Delay may harm your prospects of being able to intervene.\n\n(If the claimant is legally represented) \n [Name of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n [Address of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n (If the claimant is not legally represented) \n [Claimant\u2019s address for service]\u201d\n\nYou\u2019re known as the \u2018claimant\u2019 if you\u2019re making the claim.\n\n## Send a copy to the court\n\nSend the court a copy of the newspaper page showing the advertisement. It must arrive at least 5 days before your court hearing.\n\n## Attend a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll have to attend a hearing about your claim with a High Court judge - this should be within 2 months of making your claim.\n\nBring any relevant documents.\n\nYour claim may be challenged by someone who\u2019s received a copy of the claim form or seen the advert.\n\nAt the hearing you might:\n\n- be asked for more information - the court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need\n\n- be told there has to be another hearing - there may be several hearings before a decision is made\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, you\u2019ll get the order changed or cancelled at the hearing or by letter later.\n\n## Get a certificate of presumed death\n\nApply to the General Register Office for a certificate of presumed death.\n\nYou can only do this after you have a declaration of presumed death that is not appealed and the time for appealing against the decision has passed.\n\nYou can usually apply for the certificate 21 days after you get the declaration, unless there\u2019s an appeal or an application for permission to appeal the decision.\n\nThe certificate can be used like a normal death certificate, eg to deal with a missing person\u2019s estate.\n\nIt costs \u00a39.25.\n\nThe certificate will state when the missing person is presumed to have died.\n\nCall the General Register Office to get a certificate.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nCall or write to the Civil Appeals Office to appeal against the High Court\u2019s decision.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nUse the complaints guidance if you\u2019re not happy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.\n\nYou cannot complain about the decision.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-cancel-presumption-death-certificate", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 52 and live in England, and five years ago my father disappeared whilst on a holiday abroad. His civil partner had him declared legally dead two years later. I have, however, uncovered evidence that he may still be alive, and wish to have the certificate of presumed death revoked.", + "original_question": "Do I need to send a copy of my claim to my father's civil partner?" + }, + { + "id": "train-45", + "question": "Scenario: I am a living person who wants to make a will so that I can leave a bequest to a charity and also leave some of my possessions to my dependants.\n\nQuestion: I want to make a will, do I need legal advice?\n\nDocument - Making a will:\n## Overview\n\nYour will lets you decide what happens to your money, property and possessions after your death.\n\nIf you make a will you can also make sure you do not pay more Inheritance Tax than you need to.\n\nYou can write your will yourself, but you should get advice if your will is not straightforward.\n\nYou need to get your will formally witnessed and signed to make it legally valid.\n\nIf you want to update your will, you need to make an official alteration (called a \u2018codicil\u2019) or make a new will.\n\nIf you die without a will, the law decides who gets what.\n\n## Write your will\n\nYour will should set out:\n\n- who you want to benefit from your will\n\n- who should look after any children under 18\n\n- who is going to sort out your estate and carry out your wishes after your death (your executor)\n\n- what happens if the people you want to benefit die before you\n\nYou can also include a charity in your will.\n\n## When you need legal advice\n\nYou can get advice from a professional if your will is not straightforward, for example:\n\n- you share a property with someone who is not your husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- you want to leave money or property to a dependant who cannot care for themselves\n\n- you have several family members who may make a claim on your will, such as a second spouse or children from another marriage\n\n- your permanent home is outside the UK\n\n- you have property overseas\n\n- you have a business\n\n## Keep your will safe\n\nYou can keep your will at your home or store it with:\n\n- your solicitor\n\n- your bank\n\n- a company that offers the storage of wills - you can search online\n\n- the London Probate Service\n\nRead full guidance on storing your will with the Probate\nService.\n\nYou should tell your executor (the person you\u2019ve chosen to carry out your will), a close friend or relative where your will is.\n\n## Make sure your will is legal\n\nFor your will to be legally valid, you must:\n\n- be 18 or over\n\n- make it voluntarily\n\n- be of sound mind\n\n- make it in writing\n\n- sign it in the presence of 2 witnesses who are both over 18\n\n- have it signed by your 2 witnesses, in your presence\n\nSigning can be witnessed both in person and remotely (for example by video conferencing). In both cases:\n\n- you must have a clear view of the person and the act of signing\n\n- the will maker (or person authorised to sign on their behalf) and witnesses must sign the same document\n\nYou can only sign remotely in England or Wales.\n\nIf you make any changes to your will you must follow the same signing and witnessing process.\n\nYou cannot leave your witnesses (or their married partners) anything in your will.\n\n## Update your will\n\nYou should review your will every 5 years and after any major change in your life, for example:\n\n- getting separated or divorced\n\n- getting married (this cancels any will you made before)\n\n- having a child\n\n- moving house\n\n- if the executor named in the will dies\n\n## Making changes to your will\n\nYou cannot amend your will after it\u2019s been signed and witnessed. The only way you can change a will is by making an official alteration called a codicil.\n\nYou must sign a codicil and get it witnessed in the same way as witnessing a will.\n\nThere\u2019s no limit on how many codicils you can add to a will.\n\n## Making a new will\n\nFor major changes you should make a new will.\n\nYour new will should explain that it revokes (officially cancels) all previous wills and codicils. You should destroy your old will by burning it or tearing it up.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-will", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a living person who wants to make a will so that I can leave a bequest to a charity and also leave some of my possessions to my dependants.", + "original_question": "I want to make a will, do I need legal advice?" + }, + { + "id": "train-46", + "question": "Scenario: I am disabled and recently rented a property but does not have the required ramp access. Also I intend to live here for at least three years\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for Disabled Facilities Grants given I am planning to live for 3 years ?\n\nDocument - Disabled Facilities Grants:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get a grant from your council if you\u2019re disabled and need to make changes to your home, for example to:\n\n- widen doors and install ramps\n\n- improve access to rooms and facilities - eg stairlifts or a downstairs bathroom\n\n- provide a heating system suitable for your needs\n\n- adapt heating or lighting controls to make them easier to use\n\nA Disabled Facilities Grant won\u2019t affect any benefits you get.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get depends on your:\n\n- household income\n\n- household savings over \u00a36,000\n\n| Country | Grant |\n\n| England | Up to \u00a330,000 |\n\n| Wales | Up to \u00a336,000 |\n\n| Northern Ireland | Up to \u00a325,000 |\n\n| Scotland | Disabled Facilities Grants are not available - find out about support for equipment and adaptations |\n\nDepending on your income, you may need to pay towards the cost of the work to the property.\n\nDisabled children under 18 can get a grant without their parents\u2019 income being taken into account. Contact your local council for more information.\n\nYou might not get any grant if you start work on your property before the council approves your application.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be paid\n\nYou\u2019ll be paid either:\n\n- in instalments - as the work progresses\n\n- in full - when the work is finished\n\nThe council may pay the contractor directly or give you a cheque to pass on to them. They\u2019ll agree this with you when they approve your application.\n\n## When you\u2019ll be paid\n\nYou\u2019ll be paid either:\n\n- when the council is happy with the finished work\n\n- when you give the council the invoice, demand or receipt for payment from the contractor\n\nNormally, if you (or a relative) does the work the council will only accept invoices for materials or services you\u2019ve bought.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou or someone living in your property must be disabled. Either you or the person you\u2019re applying for must:\n\n- own the property or be a tenant\n\n- intend to live in the property during the grant period (which is currently 5 years)\n\nYou can also apply for a grant if you\u2019re a landlord and have a disabled tenant.\n\nThe council needs to be happy that the work is:\n\n- necessary and appropriate to meet the disabled person\u2019s needs\n\n- reasonable and can be done - depending on the age and condition of the property\n\nYou might not get any grant if you start work on your property before the council approves your application.\n\n## Planning and building regulations approval\n\nYou need to apply separately for any planning permission or building regulations approval.\n\nThe council may ask you to employ a qualified architect or surveyor to plan and oversee the work. If you get a grant, you can use it towards the cost of their fees.\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply through your local council.\n\nThe council may send an occupational therapist round to see you. They\u2019ll check your circumstances and see what changes you need.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to your council if you\u2019re unhappy with their decision.\n\nIf you appeal and you\u2019re still not happy, you can complain to the Local Government Ombudsman.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-facilities-grants", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am disabled and recently rented a property but does not have the required ramp access. Also I intend to live here for at least three years", + "original_question": "Can I apply for Disabled Facilities Grants given I am planning to live for 3 years ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-49", + "question": "Scenario: My father died recently, leaving his \u00a3400,000 home to me in his will. He also gave gifts of approximately \u00a3250,000 total value to myself and my two siblings over the preceding three years.\n\nQuestion: Will I/we have to pay inheritance tax on either the property or the gifts?\n\nDocument - Inheritance Tax:\n## Overview\n\nInheritance Tax is a tax on the estate (the property, money and possessions) of someone who\u2019s died.\n\nThere\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if either:\n\n- the value of your estate is below the \u00a3325,000 threshold\n\n- you leave everything above the \u00a3325,000 threshold to your spouse, civil partner, a charity or a community amateur sports club\n\nIf the estate\u2019s value is below the threshold you\u2019ll still need to report it to HMRC.\n\nIf you give away your home to your children (including adopted, foster or stepchildren) or grandchildren your threshold can increase to \u00a3500,000.\n\nIf you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership and your estate is worth less than your threshold, any unused threshold can be added to your partner\u2019s threshold when you die. This means their threshold can be as much as \u00a31 million.\n\n## Inheritance Tax rates\n\nThe standard Inheritance Tax rate is 40%. It\u2019s only charged on the part of your estate that\u2019s above the threshold.\n\nThe estate can pay Inheritance Tax at a reduced rate of 36% on some assets if you leave 10% or more of the \u2018net value\u2019 to charity in your will.\n\n## Reliefs and exemptions\n\nSome gifts you give while you\u2019re alive may be taxed after your death. Depending on when you gave the gift, \u2018taper relief\u2019 might mean the Inheritance Tax charged on the gift is less than 40%.\n\nOther reliefs, such as Business Relief, allow some assets to be passed on free of Inheritance Tax or with a reduced bill.\n\nContact the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline about Agricultural Relief if your estate includes a farm or woodland.\n\n## Who pays the tax to HMRC\n\nFunds from your estate are used to pay Inheritance Tax to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is done by the person dealing with the estate (called the \u2018executor\u2019, if there\u2019s a will).\n\nYour beneficiaries (the people who inherit your estate) do not normally pay tax on things they inherit. They may have related taxes to pay, for example if they get rental income from a house left to them in a will.\n\nPeople you give gifts to might have to pay Inheritance Tax, but only if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 and die within 7 years.\n\n## Passing on a home\n\nYou can pass a home to your husband, wife or civil partner when you die. There\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay if you do this.\n\nIf you leave the home to another person in your will, it counts towards the value of the estate.\n\nIf you own your home (or a share in it) your tax-free threshold can increase to \u00a3500,000 if:\n\n- you leave it to your children (including adopted, foster or stepchildren) or grandchildren\n\n- your estate is worth less than \u00a32 million\n\n## Giving away a home before you die\n\nThere\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if you move out and live for another 7 years.\n\nIf you want to continue living in your property after giving it away, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- pay rent to the new owner at the going rate (for similar local rental properties)\n\n- pay your share of the bills\n\n- live there for at least 7 years\n\nYou do not have to pay rent to the new owners if both the following apply:\n\n- you only give away part of your property\n\n- the new owners also live at the property\n\n## If you die within 7 years\n\nIf you die within 7 years of giving away all or part of your property, your home will be treated as a gift and the 7 year rule applies.\n\nCall the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you have questions about giving away a home. They cannot give you advice on how to pay less tax.\n\n## Gifts\n\nThere\u2019s usually no Inheritance Tax to pay on small gifts you make out of your normal income, such as Christmas or birthday presents. These are known as \u2018exempted gifts\u2019.\n\nThere\u2019s also no Inheritance Tax to pay on gifts between spouses or civil partners. You can give them as much as you like during your lifetime, as long as they live in the UK permanently.\n\nOther gifts count towards the value of your estate.\n\nPeople you give gifts to will be charged Inheritance Tax if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 in the 7 years before your death.\n\n## What counts as a gift\n\nA gift can be:\n\n- anything that has a value, such as money, property, possessions\n\n- a loss in value when something\u2019s transferred, for example if you sell your house to your child for less than it\u2019s worth, the difference in value counts as a gift\n\nCall the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## Exempted gifts\n\nYou can give away \u00a33,000 worth of gifts each tax year (6 April to 5 April) without them being added to the value of your estate. This is known as your \u2018annual exemption\u2019.\n\nYou can carry any unused annual exemption forward to the next year - but only for one year.\n\nEach tax year, you can also give away:\n\n- wedding or civil ceremony gifts of up to \u00a31,000 per person (\u00a32,500 for a grandchild or great-grandchild, \u00a35,000 for a child)\n\n- normal gifts out of your income, for example Christmas or birthday presents - you must be able to maintain your standard of living after making the gift\n\n- payments to help with another person\u2019s living costs, such as an elderly relative or a child under 18\n\n- gifts to charities and political parties\n\nYou can use more than one of these exemptions on the same person - for example, you could give your grandchild gifts for her birthday and wedding in the same tax year.\n\n## Small gifts up to \u00a3250\n\nYou can give as many gifts of up to \u00a3250 per person as you want during the tax year as long as you have not used another exemption on the same person.\n\n## The 7 year rule\n\nIf there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay, it\u2019s charged at 40% on gifts given in the 3 years before you die.\n\nGifts made 3 to 7 years before your death are taxed on a sliding scale known as \u2018taper relief\u2019.\n\n| Years between gift and death | Tax paid |\n\n| less than 3 | 40% |\n\n| 3 to 4 | 32% |\n\n| 4 to 5 | 24% |\n\n| 5 to 6 | 16% |\n\n| 6 to 7 | 8% |\n\n| 7 or more | 0% |\n\nGifts are not counted towards the value of your estate after 7 years.\n\n## When someone living outside the UK dies\n\nIf your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad, Inheritance Tax is only paid on your UK assets, for example property or bank accounts you have in the UK.\n\nIt\u2019s not paid on \u2018excluded assets\u2019 like:\n\n- foreign currency accounts with a bank or the Post Office\n\n- overseas pensions\n\n- holdings in authorised unit trusts and open-ended investment companies\n\nThere are different rules if you have assets in a trust or government gilts, or you\u2019re a member of visiting armed forces.\n\nContact the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether your assets are excluded.\n\n## When you will not count as living abroad\n\nHMRC will treat you as being domiciled in the UK if you either:\n\n- lived in the UK for 15 of the last 20 years\n\n- had your permanent home in the UK at any time in the last 3 years of your life\n\n## Double-taxation treaties\n\nYour executor might be able to reclaim tax through a double-taxation treaty if Inheritance Tax is charged on the same assets by the UK and the country where you lived.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/inheritance-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father died recently, leaving his \u00a3400,000 home to me in his will. He also gave gifts of approximately \u00a3250,000 total value to myself and my two siblings over the preceding three years.", + "original_question": "Will I/we have to pay inheritance tax on either the property or the gifts?" + }, + { + "id": "train-50", + "question": "Scenario: My late husband used to work at British coal coorperation and died last year Feburary due to a long term illness. I am now a windower and would like to apply for NCFS because he qualified before he met his unfortunate death.\n\nQuestion: Am i eligible for this National consessionary fuel scheme?\n\nDocument - National Concessionary Fuel Scheme:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get free solid fuel or a cash allowance for fuel if you\u2019re an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC).\n\nYou need to qualify to get the fuel allowance through the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS), and you can only get the cash allowance if you\u2019re already getting fuel through the scheme.\n\nYou might be eligible for the allowance if you\u2019re the widow or widower of an ex-employee, if the employee qualified for the NCFS.\n\n## What you'll get\n\n## Solid fuel\n\nIf you qualify for the allowance you\u2019ll get a delivery of solid fuel every 4 or 5 weeks, depending on where you live.\n\nYou might be able to change to \u2018cash in lieu\u2019 (or a cash allowance) if you already get fuel through the scheme and your circumstances have not changed.\n\nYou will need to return a Certificate of Continued Entitlement each year to keep your allowance.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe cash allowance is paid every 3 months into your bank or building society account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nContact the National Concessionary Fuel Office (NCFO) to check if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou might be eligible for the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS) if you\u2019re:\n\n- an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC)\n\n- a widow or widower of an ex-employee who would have been eligible\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nYour allowance might be affected if your circumstances change, including:\n\n- who owns or rents your property changes\n\n- you change your heating arrangements\n\n- you remarry, marry or move in with a partner (widows, widowers and dependents only)\n\n- who lives in your home changes (family or lodgers moving in)\n\n- you take up employment or self-employment\n\nYou need to inform the NCFO of any changes in circumstances as your allowance can change. If your allowance goes down, any overpayments must be repaid in full.\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact the National Concessionary Fuel Office (NCFO) to apply.\n\n## Applying on behalf of someone else\n\nYou can apply for the fuel allowance on behalf of someone else if they\u2019re unable to.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get authorisation by having one of:\n\n- a letter from the Department of Work and Pensions (DWP) stating that you are authorised to act on their behalf\n\n- a photocopy of your Power of Attorney\n\n- a letter signed by the person you are applying for stating that you are looking after their affairs\n\nIf payments are paid into a different account from the person getting the allowance, you need:\n\n- a photocopy of your Power of Attorney\n\n- a letter from DWP stating that you are looking after their financial affairs\n\n- a form from the NFCO signed by the person you are applying for\n\nYou need to contact the NFCO for the form or \u2018mandate\u2019.\n\n## Changing your delivery\n\nContact CPL Distribution on 0345 521 5214 to change your fuel delivery date and/or the amount of fuel you want delivered.\n\nFind out about call charges.\n\nContact the NCFO to change the type of fuel you get. You can only get 1 type of fuel delivered at a time. Get advice about the types of fuel to use from the Solid Fuel Association.\n\nYou cannot sell or give away unused fuel. If you change your type of solid fuel appliance you must refuse deliveries and left over fuel must be collected by the distributor.\n\n## Switching from fuel to cash allowance\n\nContact NCFO with your bank or building society account details to switch from fuel to cash. You can switch back to solid fuel but only after 12 months.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-concessionary-fuel-scheme", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My late husband used to work at British coal coorperation and died last year Feburary due to a long term illness. I am now a windower and would like to apply for NCFS because he qualified before he met his unfortunate death.", + "original_question": "Am i eligible for this National consessionary fuel scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-51", + "question": "Scenario: I worked for the National Coal Board for thirty years and have now retired. I have a wife and two grown up children and am claiming a state pension.\n\nQuestion: Does my employment history entitle me to any sort of fuel payment?\n\nDocument - National Concessionary Fuel Scheme:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get free solid fuel or a cash allowance for fuel if you\u2019re an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC).\n\nYou need to qualify to get the fuel allowance through the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS), and you can only get the cash allowance if you\u2019re already getting fuel through the scheme.\n\nYou might be eligible for the allowance if you\u2019re the widow or widower of an ex-employee, if the employee qualified for the NCFS.\n\n## What you'll get\n\n## Solid fuel\n\nIf you qualify for the allowance you\u2019ll get a delivery of solid fuel every 4 or 5 weeks, depending on where you live.\n\nYou might be able to change to \u2018cash in lieu\u2019 (or a cash allowance) if you already get fuel through the scheme and your circumstances have not changed.\n\nYou will need to return a Certificate of Continued Entitlement each year to keep your allowance.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe cash allowance is paid every 3 months into your bank or building society account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nContact the National Concessionary Fuel Office (NCFO) to check if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou might be eligible for the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS) if you\u2019re:\n\n- an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC)\n\n- a widow or widower of an ex-employee who would have been eligible\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nYour allowance might be affected if your circumstances change, including:\n\n- who owns or rents your property changes\n\n- you change your heating arrangements\n\n- you remarry, marry or move in with a partner (widows, widowers and dependents only)\n\n- who lives in your home changes (family or lodgers moving in)\n\n- you take up employment or self-employment\n\nYou need to inform the NCFO of any changes in circumstances as your allowance can change. If your allowance goes down, any overpayments must be repaid in full.\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact the National Concessionary Fuel Office (NCFO) to apply.\n\n## Applying on behalf of someone else\n\nYou can apply for the fuel allowance on behalf of someone else if they\u2019re unable to.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get authorisation by having one of:\n\n- a letter from the Department of Work and Pensions (DWP) stating that you are authorised to act on their behalf\n\n- a photocopy of your Power of Attorney\n\n- a letter signed by the person you are applying for stating that you are looking after their affairs\n\nIf payments are paid into a different account from the person getting the allowance, you need:\n\n- a photocopy of your Power of Attorney\n\n- a letter from DWP stating that you are looking after their financial affairs\n\n- a form from the NFCO signed by the person you are applying for\n\nYou need to contact the NFCO for the form or \u2018mandate\u2019.\n\n## Changing your delivery\n\nContact CPL Distribution on 0345 521 5214 to change your fuel delivery date and/or the amount of fuel you want delivered.\n\nFind out about call charges.\n\nContact the NCFO to change the type of fuel you get. You can only get 1 type of fuel delivered at a time. Get advice about the types of fuel to use from the Solid Fuel Association.\n\nYou cannot sell or give away unused fuel. If you change your type of solid fuel appliance you must refuse deliveries and left over fuel must be collected by the distributor.\n\n## Switching from fuel to cash allowance\n\nContact NCFO with your bank or building society account details to switch from fuel to cash. You can switch back to solid fuel but only after 12 months.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-concessionary-fuel-scheme", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I worked for the National Coal Board for thirty years and have now retired. I have a wife and two grown up children and am claiming a state pension.", + "original_question": "Does my employment history entitle me to any sort of fuel payment?" + }, + { + "id": "train-54", + "question": "Scenario: My father sadly passed away last month. He was getting fuel through the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme. My mother is still alive and I need to find out for her whether she is now eligible for the allowance.\n\nQuestion: Is my mother eligible for the allowance after my dad's death?\n\nDocument - National Concessionary Fuel Scheme:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get free solid fuel or a cash allowance for fuel if you\u2019re an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC).\n\nYou need to qualify to get the fuel allowance through the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS), and you can only get the cash allowance if you\u2019re already getting fuel through the scheme.\n\nYou might be eligible for the allowance if you\u2019re the widow or widower of an ex-employee, if the employee qualified for the NCFS.\n\n## What you'll get\n\n## Solid fuel\n\nIf you qualify for the allowance you\u2019ll get a delivery of solid fuel every 4 or 5 weeks, depending on where you live.\n\nYou might be able to change to \u2018cash in lieu\u2019 (or a cash allowance) if you already get fuel through the scheme and your circumstances have not changed.\n\nYou will need to return a Certificate of Continued Entitlement each year to keep your allowance.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe cash allowance is paid every 3 months into your bank or building society account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nContact the National Concessionary Fuel Office (NCFO) to check if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou might be eligible for the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS) if you\u2019re:\n\n- an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC)\n\n- a widow or widower of an ex-employee who would have been eligible\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nYour allowance might be affected if your circumstances change, including:\n\n- who owns or rents your property changes\n\n- you change your heating arrangements\n\n- you remarry, marry or move in with a partner (widows, widowers and dependents only)\n\n- who lives in your home changes (family or lodgers moving in)\n\n- you take up employment or self-employment\n\nYou need to inform the NCFO of any changes in circumstances as your allowance can change. If your allowance goes down, any overpayments must be repaid in full.\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact the National Concessionary Fuel Office (NCFO) to apply.\n\n## Applying on behalf of someone else\n\nYou can apply for the fuel allowance on behalf of someone else if they\u2019re unable to.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get authorisation by having one of:\n\n- a letter from the Department of Work and Pensions (DWP) stating that you are authorised to act on their behalf\n\n- a photocopy of your Power of Attorney\n\n- a letter signed by the person you are applying for stating that you are looking after their affairs\n\nIf payments are paid into a different account from the person getting the allowance, you need:\n\n- a photocopy of your Power of Attorney\n\n- a letter from DWP stating that you are looking after their financial affairs\n\n- a form from the NFCO signed by the person you are applying for\n\nYou need to contact the NFCO for the form or \u2018mandate\u2019.\n\n## Changing your delivery\n\nContact CPL Distribution on 0345 521 5214 to change your fuel delivery date and/or the amount of fuel you want delivered.\n\nFind out about call charges.\n\nContact the NCFO to change the type of fuel you get. You can only get 1 type of fuel delivered at a time. Get advice about the types of fuel to use from the Solid Fuel Association.\n\nYou cannot sell or give away unused fuel. If you change your type of solid fuel appliance you must refuse deliveries and left over fuel must be collected by the distributor.\n\n## Switching from fuel to cash allowance\n\nContact NCFO with your bank or building society account details to switch from fuel to cash. You can switch back to solid fuel but only after 12 months.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-concessionary-fuel-scheme", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father sadly passed away last month. He was getting fuel through the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme. My mother is still alive and I need to find out for her whether she is now eligible for the allowance.", + "original_question": "Is my mother eligible for the allowance after my dad's death?" + }, + { + "id": "train-56", + "question": "Scenario: My husband died last year January and i inherited our family home of \u00a3300,000. I am a sole custodian and no children.\n\nQuestion: Will I be required to pay inheritance tax?\n\nDocument - Inheritance Tax:\n## Overview\n\nInheritance Tax is a tax on the estate (the property, money and possessions) of someone who\u2019s died.\n\nThere\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if either:\n\n- the value of your estate is below the \u00a3325,000 threshold\n\n- you leave everything above the \u00a3325,000 threshold to your spouse, civil partner, a charity or a community amateur sports club\n\nIf the estate\u2019s value is below the threshold you\u2019ll still need to report it to HMRC.\n\nIf you give away your home to your children (including adopted, foster or stepchildren) or grandchildren your threshold can increase to \u00a3500,000.\n\nIf you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership and your estate is worth less than your threshold, any unused threshold can be added to your partner\u2019s threshold when you die. This means their threshold can be as much as \u00a31 million.\n\n## Inheritance Tax rates\n\nThe standard Inheritance Tax rate is 40%. It\u2019s only charged on the part of your estate that\u2019s above the threshold.\n\nThe estate can pay Inheritance Tax at a reduced rate of 36% on some assets if you leave 10% or more of the \u2018net value\u2019 to charity in your will.\n\n## Reliefs and exemptions\n\nSome gifts you give while you\u2019re alive may be taxed after your death. Depending on when you gave the gift, \u2018taper relief\u2019 might mean the Inheritance Tax charged on the gift is less than 40%.\n\nOther reliefs, such as Business Relief, allow some assets to be passed on free of Inheritance Tax or with a reduced bill.\n\nContact the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline about Agricultural Relief if your estate includes a farm or woodland.\n\n## Who pays the tax to HMRC\n\nFunds from your estate are used to pay Inheritance Tax to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is done by the person dealing with the estate (called the \u2018executor\u2019, if there\u2019s a will).\n\nYour beneficiaries (the people who inherit your estate) do not normally pay tax on things they inherit. They may have related taxes to pay, for example if they get rental income from a house left to them in a will.\n\nPeople you give gifts to might have to pay Inheritance Tax, but only if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 and die within 7 years.\n\n## Passing on a home\n\nYou can pass a home to your husband, wife or civil partner when you die. There\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay if you do this.\n\nIf you leave the home to another person in your will, it counts towards the value of the estate.\n\nIf you own your home (or a share in it) your tax-free threshold can increase to \u00a3500,000 if:\n\n- you leave it to your children (including adopted, foster or stepchildren) or grandchildren\n\n- your estate is worth less than \u00a32 million\n\n## Giving away a home before you die\n\nThere\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if you move out and live for another 7 years.\n\nIf you want to continue living in your property after giving it away, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- pay rent to the new owner at the going rate (for similar local rental properties)\n\n- pay your share of the bills\n\n- live there for at least 7 years\n\nYou do not have to pay rent to the new owners if both the following apply:\n\n- you only give away part of your property\n\n- the new owners also live at the property\n\n## If you die within 7 years\n\nIf you die within 7 years of giving away all or part of your property, your home will be treated as a gift and the 7 year rule applies.\n\nCall the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you have questions about giving away a home. They cannot give you advice on how to pay less tax.\n\n## Gifts\n\nThere\u2019s usually no Inheritance Tax to pay on small gifts you make out of your normal income, such as Christmas or birthday presents. These are known as \u2018exempted gifts\u2019.\n\nThere\u2019s also no Inheritance Tax to pay on gifts between spouses or civil partners. You can give them as much as you like during your lifetime, as long as they live in the UK permanently.\n\nOther gifts count towards the value of your estate.\n\nPeople you give gifts to will be charged Inheritance Tax if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 in the 7 years before your death.\n\n## What counts as a gift\n\nA gift can be:\n\n- anything that has a value, such as money, property, possessions\n\n- a loss in value when something\u2019s transferred, for example if you sell your house to your child for less than it\u2019s worth, the difference in value counts as a gift\n\nCall the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## Exempted gifts\n\nYou can give away \u00a33,000 worth of gifts each tax year (6 April to 5 April) without them being added to the value of your estate. This is known as your \u2018annual exemption\u2019.\n\nYou can carry any unused annual exemption forward to the next year - but only for one year.\n\nEach tax year, you can also give away:\n\n- wedding or civil ceremony gifts of up to \u00a31,000 per person (\u00a32,500 for a grandchild or great-grandchild, \u00a35,000 for a child)\n\n- normal gifts out of your income, for example Christmas or birthday presents - you must be able to maintain your standard of living after making the gift\n\n- payments to help with another person\u2019s living costs, such as an elderly relative or a child under 18\n\n- gifts to charities and political parties\n\nYou can use more than one of these exemptions on the same person - for example, you could give your grandchild gifts for her birthday and wedding in the same tax year.\n\n## Small gifts up to \u00a3250\n\nYou can give as many gifts of up to \u00a3250 per person as you want during the tax year as long as you have not used another exemption on the same person.\n\n## The 7 year rule\n\nIf there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay, it\u2019s charged at 40% on gifts given in the 3 years before you die.\n\nGifts made 3 to 7 years before your death are taxed on a sliding scale known as \u2018taper relief\u2019.\n\n| Years between gift and death | Tax paid |\n\n| less than 3 | 40% |\n\n| 3 to 4 | 32% |\n\n| 4 to 5 | 24% |\n\n| 5 to 6 | 16% |\n\n| 6 to 7 | 8% |\n\n| 7 or more | 0% |\n\nGifts are not counted towards the value of your estate after 7 years.\n\n## When someone living outside the UK dies\n\nIf your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad, Inheritance Tax is only paid on your UK assets, for example property or bank accounts you have in the UK.\n\nIt\u2019s not paid on \u2018excluded assets\u2019 like:\n\n- foreign currency accounts with a bank or the Post Office\n\n- overseas pensions\n\n- holdings in authorised unit trusts and open-ended investment companies\n\nThere are different rules if you have assets in a trust or government gilts, or you\u2019re a member of visiting armed forces.\n\nContact the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether your assets are excluded.\n\n## When you will not count as living abroad\n\nHMRC will treat you as being domiciled in the UK if you either:\n\n- lived in the UK for 15 of the last 20 years\n\n- had your permanent home in the UK at any time in the last 3 years of your life\n\n## Double-taxation treaties\n\nYour executor might be able to reclaim tax through a double-taxation treaty if Inheritance Tax is charged on the same assets by the UK and the country where you lived.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/inheritance-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My husband died last year January and i inherited our family home of \u00a3300,000. I am a sole custodian and no children.", + "original_question": "Will I be required to pay inheritance tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-60", + "question": "Scenario: My aunt has been a widow for a year now after her husband died during an ambush in iraq. He left her with 3 young children aged below 10years. She want to claim for a war widow pension.\n\nQuestion: Can she claim for a War Widow Pension?\n\nDocument - War Widow(er) Pension:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be entitled to War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension if your wife, husband or civil partner died as a result of their service in Her Majesty\u2019s (HM) Armed Forces or during a time of war.\n\nThey must have served before 6 April 2005, but you may be eligible if they died of an illness or injury later.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nOne of the following must apply. Your husband, wife or civil partner:\n\n- died as result of their service in HM Armed Forces before 6 April 2005\n\n- was a civil defence volunteer or a civilian and their death was a result of the 1939 to 1945 war\n\n- was a merchant seaman, a member of the naval auxiliary services, or a coastguard and their death was a result of an injury or disease they got during a war or because they were a prisoner of war\n\n- died as a result of their service as a member of the Polish Forces under British command during the 1939 to 1945 war, or in the Polish Resettlement Forces\n\n- was getting a War Pensions Constant Attendance Allowance at the time of their death, or would have been had they not been in hospital\n\n- was getting a War Disablement Pension at the 80% rate or higher and was getting Unemployability Supplement\n\nYou may be entitled to a pension if you lived with a partner as husband and wife or as civil partners.\n\n## Illness, injury and death on or after 6 April 2005\n\nIf your partner was injured, developed an illness or died as a result of service on or after 6 April 2005, you can claim through the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nWar Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension is paid at different rates depending on your age and circumstances.\n\nYou do not pay tax on it.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, for example your bank account.\n\n## How to claim\n\nTo claim War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension you can either:\n\n- download a claim form\n\n- phone the Veterans UK helpline and ask for a claim form\n\nSend the completed form to:\n\n## How to appeal\n\nIf you disagree with a decision about your claim you can appeal to an independent Pensions Appeal Tribunal.\n\nBefore you appeal you should:\n\n- ask Veterans UK for more information about how the decision was reached\n\n- ask for the decision to be reconsidered if there are some facts Veterans UK may not have known when they made their decision\n\nIf you\u2019re still unhappy with the outcome contact Veterans UK to let them know that you want to appeal.\n\n## Further information\n\n## Changes in your circumstances\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to get your pension if you marry, form a civil partnership or start living with a partner on or after 1 April 2015.\n\nIf this happened before 1 April 2015, you\u2019ll still get a pension if both:\n\n- your late spouse or civil partner left service before 31 March 1973\n\n- your new relationship started on or after 6 April 2005\n\nOtherwise, your pension would have been stopped.\n\n## If your pension stopped\n\nYou can claim your pension again if:\n\n- you become widowed again\n\n- you divorce or separate\n\n- your civil partner dies\n\n- your civil partnership ends\n\n- you stop living with the person as their partner\n\nMake sure you tell Veterans UK of any changes in your circumstances so you get the right amount of pension.\n\n## Funeral expenses\n\nVeterans UK may be able to pay a grant of up to \u00a32,200 towards a veteran\u2019s funeral if any of the following apply:\n\n- death was due to service before 6 April 2005\n\n- War Pensions Constant Attendance Allowance was being paid or would have been paid if the war pensioner had not been in hospital when they died\n\n- Unemployability Supplement was being paid at the time of death and the War Disablement Pension was assessed at 80% or more\n\nThe payment can be made to the veteran\u2019s widow or widower, next of kin or person paying for the funeral.\n\nYou must make a claim within 3 months of the funeral.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload the claim form. Send the completed form to:", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-widow-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My aunt has been a widow for a year now after her husband died during an ambush in iraq. He left her with 3 young children aged below 10years. She want to claim for a war widow pension.", + "original_question": "Can she claim for a War Widow Pension?" + }, + { + "id": "train-64", + "question": "Scenario: I was injured while serving 10 years ago. The severity of my illness has increased to the point where I am now no longer able to work.\n\nQuestion: Can I still claim compensation?\n\nDocument - Claim if you were injured while serving in the armed forces:\n## Overview\n\nYou can claim compensation if you were injured or got an illness while serving in the armed forces (including the reserve forces).\n\nCompensation may include:\n\n- a lump sum\n\n- regular payments\n\n## What you can claim for\n\nYou can claim compensation for any injury or illness that happened as a result of your service, including physical and mental conditions.\n\nYou can also claim:\n\n- if you were injured during a service-related activity, eg a training exercise\n\n- for conditions you had before service if you feel your service made them worse\n\n## If you\u2019re a victim of crime while serving abroad\n\nFind out if you qualify for the Criminal Injuries Compensation (Overseas) scheme if you were the victim of a violent crime while serving abroad.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe compensation you get depends on either:\n\n- when you were injured\n\n- when the circumstances happened that caused your illness\n\nWhat you get might be reduced if you\u2019re getting compensation from another scheme.\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service after 5 April 2005\n\nIf your claim is successful, you\u2019ll get a tax-free lump sum payment between \u00a31,236 and \u00a3650,000. The amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.\n\n## If you have a more serious illness or injury\n\nYou may also receive a tax-free monthly payment for life when you\u2019re discharged - sometimes known as a Guaranteed Income Payment (GIP).\n\nThe GIP is based on your salary, age and how severe your injury is.\n\nIf your GIP payment level is 50% of your salary or more, you can also claim an Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP).\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\nIf your claim is successful, you\u2019ll be awarded either:\n\n- a pension - if your disability is assessed at 20% or more\n\n- a lump sum - if your disability is assessed at less than 20%\n\nThe amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.\n\nYou might also be able to get other allowances if you\u2019re having problems getting around or finding a job.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThe rules for qualifying are different depending on when you were injured.\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service after 5 April 2005\n\nClaim under the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme (AFCS).\n\nTo qualify you must be:\n\n- a current or former member of the armed forces\n\n- applying no later than 7 years after the injury or illness, unless you\u2019re claiming for an illness that started later (sometimes known as a \u2018late onset illness\u2019)\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\nClaim under the War Pension Scheme (WPS).\n\nThere are no time limits for claiming under the WPS but you must be no longer serving in the armed forces.\n\n## How to claim\n\nFill in the claim form and send it to the address on the form.\n\nIt\u2019s the same claim form for the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme (AFCS) and War Pension Scheme (WPS).\n\nYou can ask the Veterans Welfare Service (VWS) for help with making your claim.\n\nYou may be contacted for more evidence in support of your claim.\n\nYou may be able to apply for a \u2018fast payment\u2019 of \u00a360,000 if you were seriously injured during service after 8 May 2011.\n\n## If you disagree with the decision on your claim\n\nYou can write to Veterans UK to ask them reconsider their decision.\n\nYou can also appeal to an independent tribunal within 12 months.\n\n## Additional payments\n\nYou can apply for a Personal Independence Payment (PIP) while your compensation claim is being dealt with.\n\nYou might also be able to get:\n\n- other allowances if your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\n- an Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP) if you were seriously injured on or after 6 April 2005\n\n## Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve had the result of your compensation claim, you might be able to claim AFIP if you\u2019ve been seriously injured.\n\nAFIP is \u00a3151.40 per week. It\u2019s tax free and is paid every 4 weeks into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019re eligible if both of the following apply:\n\n- you were injured on or after 6 April 2005\n\n- you\u2019re given a Guaranteed Income Payment (GIP) of 50% or more\n\nYou\u2019ll get the payment as long as you\u2019re entitled to this level of GIP. You won\u2019t be reassessed in the future.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for AFIP, you can get a PIP if you have a long-term health condition or disability.\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact Veterans UK for a claim form. There\u2019s no deadline.\n\n## Claiming other benefits with AFIP\n\nIf you get AFIP you might be eligible for other benefits, eg Child Tax Credit.\n\nAFIP is not counted as income when working out your what other benefits you can claim.\n\nYour household is exempt from the benefit cap if you or your partner are getting AFIP.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-for-injury-received-while-serving", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was injured while serving 10 years ago. The severity of my illness has increased to the point where I am now no longer able to work.", + "original_question": "Can I still claim compensation?" + }, + { + "id": "train-65", + "question": "Scenario: I am 68, live in Scotland and have been diagnosed with terminal cancer. I am of sound mind and wish to make my will, but am concerned about the safety of the witnessing procedure as I am currently immunocompromised due to the side effects of my chemotherapy.\n\nQuestion: Can my will signing be witnessed remotely via videoconferencing?\n\nDocument - Making a will:\n## Overview\n\nYour will lets you decide what happens to your money, property and possessions after your death.\n\nIf you make a will you can also make sure you do not pay more Inheritance Tax than you need to.\n\nYou can write your will yourself, but you should get advice if your will is not straightforward.\n\nYou need to get your will formally witnessed and signed to make it legally valid.\n\nIf you want to update your will, you need to make an official alteration (called a \u2018codicil\u2019) or make a new will.\n\nIf you die without a will, the law decides who gets what.\n\n## Write your will\n\nYour will should set out:\n\n- who you want to benefit from your will\n\n- who should look after any children under 18\n\n- who is going to sort out your estate and carry out your wishes after your death (your executor)\n\n- what happens if the people you want to benefit die before you\n\nYou can also include a charity in your will.\n\n## When you need legal advice\n\nYou can get advice from a professional if your will is not straightforward, for example:\n\n- you share a property with someone who is not your husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- you want to leave money or property to a dependant who cannot care for themselves\n\n- you have several family members who may make a claim on your will, such as a second spouse or children from another marriage\n\n- your permanent home is outside the UK\n\n- you have property overseas\n\n- you have a business\n\n## Keep your will safe\n\nYou can keep your will at your home or store it with:\n\n- your solicitor\n\n- your bank\n\n- a company that offers the storage of wills - you can search online\n\n- the London Probate Service\n\nRead full guidance on storing your will with the Probate\nService.\n\nYou should tell your executor (the person you\u2019ve chosen to carry out your will), a close friend or relative where your will is.\n\n## Make sure your will is legal\n\nFor your will to be legally valid, you must:\n\n- be 18 or over\n\n- make it voluntarily\n\n- be of sound mind\n\n- make it in writing\n\n- sign it in the presence of 2 witnesses who are both over 18\n\n- have it signed by your 2 witnesses, in your presence\n\nSigning can be witnessed both in person and remotely (for example by video conferencing). In both cases:\n\n- you must have a clear view of the person and the act of signing\n\n- the will maker (or person authorised to sign on their behalf) and witnesses must sign the same document\n\nYou can only sign remotely in England or Wales.\n\nIf you make any changes to your will you must follow the same signing and witnessing process.\n\nYou cannot leave your witnesses (or their married partners) anything in your will.\n\n## Update your will\n\nYou should review your will every 5 years and after any major change in your life, for example:\n\n- getting separated or divorced\n\n- getting married (this cancels any will you made before)\n\n- having a child\n\n- moving house\n\n- if the executor named in the will dies\n\n## Making changes to your will\n\nYou cannot amend your will after it\u2019s been signed and witnessed. The only way you can change a will is by making an official alteration called a codicil.\n\nYou must sign a codicil and get it witnessed in the same way as witnessing a will.\n\nThere\u2019s no limit on how many codicils you can add to a will.\n\n## Making a new will\n\nFor major changes you should make a new will.\n\nYour new will should explain that it revokes (officially cancels) all previous wills and codicils. You should destroy your old will by burning it or tearing it up.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-will", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 68, live in Scotland and have been diagnosed with terminal cancer. I am of sound mind and wish to make my will, but am concerned about the safety of the witnessing procedure as I am currently immunocompromised due to the side effects of my chemotherapy.", + "original_question": "Can my will signing be witnessed remotely via videoconferencing?" + }, + { + "id": "train-66", + "question": "Scenario: I spent ten years in the army and suffered injuries to my right leg which meant that I was not able to serve any longer.\n\nQuestion: Can i claim compensation for the injury I suffred during my service?\n\nDocument - Claim if you were injured while serving in the armed forces:\n## Overview\n\nYou can claim compensation if you were injured or got an illness while serving in the armed forces (including the reserve forces).\n\nCompensation may include:\n\n- a lump sum\n\n- regular payments\n\n## What you can claim for\n\nYou can claim compensation for any injury or illness that happened as a result of your service, including physical and mental conditions.\n\nYou can also claim:\n\n- if you were injured during a service-related activity, eg a training exercise\n\n- for conditions you had before service if you feel your service made them worse\n\n## If you\u2019re a victim of crime while serving abroad\n\nFind out if you qualify for the Criminal Injuries Compensation (Overseas) scheme if you were the victim of a violent crime while serving abroad.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe compensation you get depends on either:\n\n- when you were injured\n\n- when the circumstances happened that caused your illness\n\nWhat you get might be reduced if you\u2019re getting compensation from another scheme.\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service after 5 April 2005\n\nIf your claim is successful, you\u2019ll get a tax-free lump sum payment between \u00a31,236 and \u00a3650,000. The amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.\n\n## If you have a more serious illness or injury\n\nYou may also receive a tax-free monthly payment for life when you\u2019re discharged - sometimes known as a Guaranteed Income Payment (GIP).\n\nThe GIP is based on your salary, age and how severe your injury is.\n\nIf your GIP payment level is 50% of your salary or more, you can also claim an Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP).\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\nIf your claim is successful, you\u2019ll be awarded either:\n\n- a pension - if your disability is assessed at 20% or more\n\n- a lump sum - if your disability is assessed at less than 20%\n\nThe amount you get will depend on how severe your injury is.\n\nYou might also be able to get other allowances if you\u2019re having problems getting around or finding a job.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThe rules for qualifying are different depending on when you were injured.\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service after 5 April 2005\n\nClaim under the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme (AFCS).\n\nTo qualify you must be:\n\n- a current or former member of the armed forces\n\n- applying no later than 7 years after the injury or illness, unless you\u2019re claiming for an illness that started later (sometimes known as a \u2018late onset illness\u2019)\n\n## If your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\nClaim under the War Pension Scheme (WPS).\n\nThere are no time limits for claiming under the WPS but you must be no longer serving in the armed forces.\n\n## How to claim\n\nFill in the claim form and send it to the address on the form.\n\nIt\u2019s the same claim form for the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme (AFCS) and War Pension Scheme (WPS).\n\nYou can ask the Veterans Welfare Service (VWS) for help with making your claim.\n\nYou may be contacted for more evidence in support of your claim.\n\nYou may be able to apply for a \u2018fast payment\u2019 of \u00a360,000 if you were seriously injured during service after 8 May 2011.\n\n## If you disagree with the decision on your claim\n\nYou can write to Veterans UK to ask them reconsider their decision.\n\nYou can also appeal to an independent tribunal within 12 months.\n\n## Additional payments\n\nYou can apply for a Personal Independence Payment (PIP) while your compensation claim is being dealt with.\n\nYou might also be able to get:\n\n- other allowances if your injury or illness is due to service before 6 April 2005\n\n- an Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP) if you were seriously injured on or after 6 April 2005\n\n## Armed Forces Independence Payment (AFIP)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve had the result of your compensation claim, you might be able to claim AFIP if you\u2019ve been seriously injured.\n\nAFIP is \u00a3151.40 per week. It\u2019s tax free and is paid every 4 weeks into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019re eligible if both of the following apply:\n\n- you were injured on or after 6 April 2005\n\n- you\u2019re given a Guaranteed Income Payment (GIP) of 50% or more\n\nYou\u2019ll get the payment as long as you\u2019re entitled to this level of GIP. You won\u2019t be reassessed in the future.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for AFIP, you can get a PIP if you have a long-term health condition or disability.\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact Veterans UK for a claim form. There\u2019s no deadline.\n\n## Claiming other benefits with AFIP\n\nIf you get AFIP you might be eligible for other benefits, eg Child Tax Credit.\n\nAFIP is not counted as income when working out your what other benefits you can claim.\n\nYour household is exempt from the benefit cap if you or your partner are getting AFIP.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-for-injury-received-while-serving", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I spent ten years in the army and suffered injuries to my right leg which meant that I was not able to serve any longer.", + "original_question": "Can i claim compensation for the injury I suffred during my service?" + }, + { + "id": "train-67", + "question": "Scenario: My civil partner went missing just over 7 years ago. We are both British but he disappeared in Canada where we were living at the time; I came home to live in Wales 18 months ago.\n\nQuestion: Can I make a claim for a declaration of presumed death even though the missing person went missing abroad and was not living in England or Wales at the time?\n\nDocument - Get a declaration of presumed death:\n## Overview\n\nYou can make a claim for a \u2018declaration of presumed death\u2019 from the High Court if someone you know in England and Wales has been missing for:\n\n- 7 years or more\n\n- less than 7 years and you think they\u2019ve died, for example they went missing during a natural disaster\n\nA missing person is not automatically presumed dead.\n\nYou must make a claim for a declaration of presumed death if you want to do certain things, for example deal with their estate.\n\n## Who can make a claim\n\nYou can make a claim if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:\n\n- spouse or civil partner\n\n- parent\n\n- child\n\n- sibling\n\nIf none of these apply, you\u2019ll need to prove to the court that you have enough of a connection to the missing person (\u2018sufficient interest\u2019), for example you\u2019re a distant relative and you have a birth certificate to prove it.\n\n## What else must be true to make a claim\n\nTo make a claim one or more of the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you treat England or Wales as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date you make the claim\n\n- you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you\u2019ve been living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date you make the claim\n\n- the missing person treated England or Wales as their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date they were last known to be alive\n\n- the missing person was living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date they were last known to be alive\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3528 to get a declaration of presumed death. You may be able to get help paying court fees.\n\n## Make a claim for a declaration of presumed death\n\nYou can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.\n\n- Make your claim.\n\n- Advertise your claim in a newspaper.\n\n- Attend a hearing.\n\n## Make your claim\n\nDownload and fill in a claim form (N208) with details about:\n\n- yourself - known as the \u2018claimant\u2019\n\n- the missing person - known as the \u2018defendant\u2019\n\n- your claim\n\nInclude relevant information about your claim in the section \u2018details of your claim\u2019.\n\nSend the following to a court that can hear High Court cases.\n\n- form N208 - 1 copy for each person named in the form plus a copy for the court\n\n- any supporting evidence, for example statements from witnesses, police reports\n\n- the claim fee of \u00a3528 - make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nThe court will stamp your form with an issue date and keep one copy. You\u2019ll get the other copies back, along with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number.\n\n## Send copies of your claim to other people\n\nSend a copy of form N208 and an acknowledgement of service form within 7 days of the issue date on the form to:\n\n- the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, parents, children and siblings - if none of these are alive send it to the missing person\u2019s nearest relative\n\n- any other person or organisation who might have an interest, for example an insurance company\n\nYou must advertise your application in a newspaper within 7 days.\n\n## Advertise your claim in a newspaper\n\nYou must advertise your application in a newspaper local to the missing person\u2019s last known address.\n\nPlace the advert within 7 days of the issue date stamped on the claim form.\n\n## Use standard text for the advert\n\nUse the following text and make sure you:\n\n- put your case number after the words case number\n\n- replace or delete as appropriate the words in square brackets with the relevant details\n\n## Standard text\n\n\u201cIn the High Court of Justice [Chancery] [Family] Division\n\nCase number.\n\nIn the matter of an application for a declaration of the presumed death of [insert the missing person\u2019s name].\n\nA claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, for a declaration that [insert missing person\u2019s name] whose last known address was [insert missing person\u2019s address] is presumed to be dead. Any person having an interest may apply to the court to intervene in the matter.\n\nIf you wish to apply to the court, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and if possible within 21 days of the date of this notice. Delay may harm your prospects of being able to intervene.\n\n(If the claimant is legally represented) \n [Name of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n [Address of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n (If the claimant is not legally represented) \n [Claimant\u2019s address for service]\u201d\n\n## Send a copy to the court\n\nSend the court a copy of the newspaper page showing the advertisement so it arrives at least 5 days before your court hearing.\n\n## Attend a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll have to attend a hearing about your claim with a High Court judge - this should be within 2 months of making your claim.\n\nBring any relevant documents.\n\nYour claim may be challenged at the hearing if someone gets a copy of the claim form or sees the advert.\n\nAt the hearing you might be:\n\n- asked for more information - the court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need\n\n- told there has to be another hearing - there may be several hearings before a decision is made\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, you\u2019ll get a declaration of presumed death at the hearing or later by letter.\n\n## Get a certificate of presumed death\n\nApply to the General Register Office for a certificate of presumed death.\n\nYou can only do this after you have a declaration of presumed death that is not appealed and the time for appealing against the decision has passed.\n\nYou can usually apply for the certificate 21 days after you get the declaration, unless there\u2019s an appeal or an application for permission to appeal the decision.\n\nThe certificate can be used like a normal death certificate, for example to deal with a missing person\u2019s estate.\n\nIt costs \u00a311.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nContact the Civil Appeals Office to appeal against the High Court\u2019s decision.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nUse the complaints guidance if you\u2019re not happy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-declaration-presumed-death", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My civil partner went missing just over 7 years ago. We are both British but he disappeared in Canada where we were living at the time; I came home to live in Wales 18 months ago.", + "original_question": "Can I make a claim for a declaration of presumed death even though the missing person went missing abroad and was not living in England or Wales at the time?" + }, + { + "id": "train-70", + "question": "Scenario: Following my father's death four months ago I applied for and was granted probate. I have now received a Payment Reference Number from the Inland Revenue, and am ready to settle the inheritance tax bill for his estate.\n\nQuestion: As I have probate, is it possible to pay the bill using funds from my late father's bank account?\n\nDocument - Pay your Inheritance Tax bill:\n## Overview\n\nYou must pay Inheritance Tax by the end of the sixth month after the person died.\n\nThere are different due dates if you\u2019re making payments on a trust.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay by the due date.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a payment reference number before you can pay your Inheritance Tax bill.\n\n## Pay from your own bank account\n\nYou can pay from your own bank account or a joint account with the deceased:\n\n- using online or telephone banking\n\n- using CHAPS or Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\nYou currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by cheque because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can claim the money back from the deceased\u2019s estate or the beneficiaries once you get a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.\n\n## Pay from accounts owned by the deceased\n\nYou can pay using the deceased\u2019s:\n\n- bank accounts - including National Savings and Investments (NS&I) accounts\n\n- government stock\n\n## If you do not know how much to pay\n\nYou can make payments before you know the exact amount of Inheritance Tax owed by the deceased person\u2019s estate. These are known as \u2018payments on account\u2019.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nHMRC do not send receipts for each payment you make. They\u2019ll write to tell you when you\u2019ve paid all the Inheritance Tax and interest you owe.\n\nIf you\u2019ve paid through your own bank or building society, check your statement to confirm the payment has left your account.\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020\n\nAsk your bank if your cheque to HMRC has been cashed. If it has not been cashed, you should cancel the cheque and pay HMRC a different way.\n\n## Get a payment reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get an Inheritance Tax reference number from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) at least 3 weeks before you make a payment.\n\nYou can apply for one:\n\n- online (unless you need it for a trust)\n\n- by post - using form IHT422, Application for an Inheritance Tax reference (the address you need is on the form)\n\nDo not use the 15-digit number from the online Inheritance Tax service to report an estate\u2019s value.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking), CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001136 | HMRC Inheritance Tax |\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your Inheritance Tax payment reference number as the payment reference.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB66BARC20114763495590 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Inheritance Tax |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.\n\nYou can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.\n\nPlease complete one of your bank\u2019s paying in slips with the following HMRC bank account details:\n\nSort code 25 61 21\nAccount number 63495590\nAccount name HM Revenue & Customs Inheritance Tax\n\nSome branches might be closed at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite the name of the deceased and your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the letter HMRC sent you.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account, if you pay between Monday and Friday.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can still pay:\n\n- using online or telephone banking\n\n- using CHAPS or Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n## From the deceased's bank account\n\nYou can ask banks, building societies or National Savings & Investments (NS&I) to pay some or all of the Inheritance Tax due from the deceased person\u2019s accounts to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is called the \u2018Direct Payment Scheme\u2019.\n\n- Ask the bank, building society or NS&I to make you a \u2018personal representative\u2019 - each one will do this in a different way. You can do this before you apply for a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is known as confirmation in Scotland.\n\n- Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number.\n\n- Fill in form IHT423 and send it to the bank, building society or NS&I. Send a separate form for each account you want to pay HMRC from.\n\n- Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT 400, Probate Summary form IHT421, (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) and any supplementary pages or supporting documents to HMRC.\n\nWhen the bank, building society or NS&I has made the payment, HMRC will stamp and return Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) so you know the Inheritance Tax has been paid.\n\n## Using British government stock\n\nWrite to Computershare Investor Services, who run the British government stock scheme.\n\nTell them you want to pay Inheritance Tax and how much of the stock you want to use. Enclose a copy of the death certificate and the stock reference number (if you have it).\n\nAt the same time, send HMRC:\n\n- a letter saying how much tax you want to be paid out of the stock\n\n- Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 - you\u2019ll need to put your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the form\n\n- Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland)\n\nHMRC will contact Computershare and ask for the money to be transferred. This could take up to 4 weeks.\n\nDo not pay this way if you need to get probate (known as \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland) quickly. (Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.)\n\n## After the money has been transferred\n\n## In England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nHMRC will send your IHT421 form to the Probate Registry so they can send a grant of representation to you (if you\u2019re handling probate yourself) or to your solicitor.\n\n## In Scotland\n\nHMRC will return your C1 Confirmation form to you so you can apply for confirmation.\n\nIf the amount transferred is not enough to cover the Inheritance Tax you owe, HMRC will write to tell you how much to pay and how to pay it.\n\n## By transferring national heritage property\n\nIn very exceptional cases you may be able to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown.\n\nNational heritage property may include:\n\n- buildings or land of historic, architectural, scenic or scientific interest\n\n- artworks, books and manuscripts or scientific collections of historic, scenic or scientific interest\n\nOffers to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown are dealt with on an individual basis.\n\nContact the HMRC Heritage team for information on making an offer.\n\n## If your offer is accepted\n\nEven if your offer\u2019s accepted, you must first pay all of the Inheritance Tax you owe through other means and have a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.\n\nOnce your property has been transferred HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will repay the Inheritance Tax you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## In yearly instalments\n\nYou can pay your Inheritance Tax on things that may take time to sell in equal annual instalments over 10 years.\n\nYou must say on Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 if you want to pay in instalments.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay interest on your instalments. Use the calculator to work out the interest you\u2019ll need to pay.\n\nYou must pay the tax in full when you\u2019ve sold the deceased\u2019s assets, such as their house or shares.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nThe first instalment is due at the end of the sixth month after the death (for example if they died on 12 January, you\u2019d have to pay by 31 July). This is known as the \u2018due date\u2019. Payments are then due every year on that date.\n\n## Paying early\n\nYou can pay off the full tax and interest at any time. Write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Trusts and Estates asking for a final assessment (you do not have to include payment).\n\n## What you pay interest on\n\nYou will not pay any interest on the first instalment unless you pay late. On each later instalment you must pay interest on both of the following:\n\n- the full outstanding tax balance\n\n- the instalment itself, from the date it\u2019s due to the date of payment (if it\u2019s paid late)\n\n## What you can pay in instalments\n\n## Houses\n\nYou can pay 10% and the interest each year if you decide to keep the house to live in.\n\n## Shares and securities\n\nYou can pay in instalments if the shares or securities allowed the deceased to control more than 50% of a company.\n\n## Unlisted shares and securities\n\nYou can pay in instalments for \u2018unlisted\u2019 shares or securities (ones not traded on a recognised stock exchange) if they\u2019re worth more than \u00a320,000 and either of these apply:\n\n- they represent 10% of the total value of the shares in the company, at the price they were first sold at (known as the \u2018nominal\u2019 value or \u2018face value\u2019)\n\n- they represent 10% of the total value of ordinary shares held in the company, at the price they were first sold at\n\nYou can find the face value of a share and whether it\u2019s an ordinary share on the share certificate.\n\nYou can also pay in instalments if either of these apply:\n\n- at least 20% of the total Inheritance Tax the estate owes is on assets that qualify for payment by instalments\n\n- paying Inheritance Tax on them in one lump sum will cause financial difficulties\n\n## Business run for profit\n\nYou can pay in instalments on the net value of a business, but not its assets.\n\n## Agricultural land and property\n\nThis is rare because most agricultural land and property is exempt from Inheritance Tax.\n\n## Gifts\n\nYou can pay in instalments if there is still Inheritance Tax to pay and you were given:\n\n- buildings\n\n- shares or securities\n\n- part or all of a business\n\nIf the gift was an unlisted share or security, it must still have been unlisted at the time of the death.\n\n## Trusts\n\n- Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number at least 3 weeks before you want to make a payment by filling in Form IHT122.\n\n- Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT100 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n- Pay the Inheritance Tax, either through a bank or building society or by cheque through the post.\n\n## Payment deadlines\n\n## Transfers\n\nYou must pay Inheritance Tax on transfers into a trust or out of a trust (known as \u2018exit charges\u2019) no later than 6 months after the end of the month the transfer was made.\n\n## 10-year anniversary charge\n\nThe 10-year anniversary charge can be paid up to 6 months after the 10th anniversary of the date the trust was set up.\n\n## Pay early to avoid paying interest\n\nYou can make early Inheritance Tax payments before you know the exact amount the estate owes (this is known as a \u2018payment on account\u2019).\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay all the tax the estate owes by the due date. If you will not know how much Inheritance Tax the estate owes by the time the payment is due, a payment on account can help you avoid some of the interest.\n\n## If you overpay\n\nIf you pay more money than the final bill says the estate owes, HMRC will refund the excess after you\u2019ve been given probate (confirmation in Scotland). Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.\n\nHMRC will also pay interest on the amount you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\nTo receive the refund, you\u2019ll need to write to HMRC.\n\nPut \u2018Repayment - further details\u2019 at the top of the letter.\n\nInclude the name, number and sort code of the bank account you want the refund to go to.\n\nThe letter must be signed by the same people who signed forms IHT400 and IHT100 if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying without the help of a solicitor or agent\n\n- the refund is being paid into a different bank account to the one nominated in IHT400 or IHT100\n\nIf you\u2019re an agent acting on behalf of the estate and you\u2019re not asking for the refund to be paid into a different bank account, only put your signature on the letter.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paying-inheritance-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Following my father's death four months ago I applied for and was granted probate. I have now received a Payment Reference Number from the Inland Revenue, and am ready to settle the inheritance tax bill for his estate.", + "original_question": "As I have probate, is it possible to pay the bill using funds from my late father's bank account?" + }, + { + "id": "train-71", + "question": "Scenario: I am 30 weeks pregnant and i can\u2019t keep up with my work as i used to be. I want to apply for maternity allowance.\n\nQuestion: Am i eligible and will it affect any other benefits i am getting?\n\nDocument - Maternity Allowance:\n## Overview\n\nMaternity Allowance is usually paid to you if you do not qualify for Statutory Maternity Pay.\n\nThe amount you can get depends on your eligibility.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou can claim Maternity Allowance as soon as you\u2019ve been pregnant for 26 weeks. Payments can start 11 weeks before your baby is due.\n\nAny money you get can affect your other benefits.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe amount you can get depends on your eligibility.\n\nYou could get either:\n\n- \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings (whichever is less) for 39 weeks\n\n- \u00a327 a week for 39 weeks\n\n- \u00a327 a week for 14 weeks\n\nMaternity Allowance is paid every 2 or 4 weeks.\n\nYou can claim Maternity Allowance once you\u2019ve been pregnant for 26 weeks. Payments can start 11 weeks before your baby is due.\n\nUse the maternity entitlement calculator to work out how much you could get.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are usually paid straight into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Impact on other benefits\n\nMaternity Allowance will not affect your tax credits but it will affect how much you get for:\n\n- Council Tax Reduction\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) - this will stop if you get Maternity Allowance\n\n- bereavement benefits\n\n- Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n## The benefit cap\n\nThe benefit cap limits the total amount of benefit you can get. It applies to most people aged 16 or over who have not reached State Pension age.\n\nSome individual benefits are not affected, but it may affect the total amount of benefit you get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can use the maternity entitlement calculator to check your eligibility.\n\n## Maternity Allowance for 39 weeks\n\nYou might get Maternity Allowance for 39 weeks if one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re employed, but cannot get Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- you\u2019re self-employed\n\n- you\u2019ve recently stopped working\n\nIn the 66 weeks before your baby\u2019s due, you must also have been:\n\n- employed or self-employed for at least 26 weeks\n\n- earning (or classed as earning) \u00a330 a week or more in at least 13 weeks - the weeks do not have to be together\n\nYou may still qualify if you\u2019ve recently stopped working. It does not matter if you had different jobs or periods of unemployment.\n\nIf you usually earn \u00a330 or more a week and only earned less in some weeks because you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, you may still be eligible. You must give details in your claim form.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nTo get the full amount of Maternity Allowance, you must have paid Class 2 National Insurance for at least 13 of the 66 weeks before your baby\u2019s due.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will check if you\u2019ve paid enough when you make your claim. They\u2019ll write to you if you have not.\n\nIf you have not paid enough Class 2 National Insurance to get the full rate (\u00a3151.97 a week), you\u2019ll get \u00a327 a week for 39 weeks. You still need to meet all the other eligibility criteria to get this amount.\n\nYou may be able to get the full rate by making early National Insurance payments. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a letter to tell you how.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay using the reference number in the letter to get the full rate, even if you\u2019ve recently made a payment through Self Assessment.\n\n## Maternity Allowance for 14 weeks\n\nYou might get Maternity Allowance for 14 weeks if for at least 26 weeks in the 66 weeks before your baby is due:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re not employed or self-employed\n\n- you take part in the business of your self-employed spouse or civil partner\n\n- the work you do is for the business and unpaid\n\n- your spouse or civil partner is registered as self-employed with HMRC and should pay Class 2 National Insurance\n\n- your spouse or civil partner is working as self-employed person\n\n- you\u2019re not eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay or the higher amount of Maternity Allowance (for the same pregnancy)\n\n## If you lose the baby\n\nYou may still qualify if the baby is either:\n\n- stillborn from the start of the 24th week of pregnancy\n\n- born alive at any point during the pregnancy\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nReport any changes to your circumstances to your local Jobcentre Plus as they can affect how much you get. For example, if you go back to work.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Maternity Allowance (MA1) claim form. You can either:\n\n- print it and fill it in\n\n- fill it in online and print it\n\n- order a form if you cannot print it\n\nThe form has notes to help you fill it in.\n\nSend it to the address on the form.\n\nIf you\u2019ve arranged to pay your Self Assessment tax and National Insurance bill in instalments because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your application might be rejected. Contact HMRC before applying for Maternity Allowance.\n\nAlternative formats\n\nCall Jobcentre Plus to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## What to send with your claim form\n\nYou can claim Maternity Allowance once you\u2019ve been pregnant for 26 weeks. Payments can start 11 weeks before your baby is due.\n\nYou need to provide:\n\n- proof of your income, such as original payslips or a Certificate of Small Earnings Exemption (if applicable for the 2014 to 2015 tax year)\n\n- proof of the baby\u2019s due date, such as a letter from the doctor or midwife or your MATB1 certificate\n\n- your SMP1 form - only if you were refused Statutory Maternity Pay by your employer\n\nIf your proof of income includes times you were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, mention this in the \u2018additional information\u2019 section of your form. Include the dates that you were on the scheme and how much (as a percentage) of your normal pay you were actually paid.\n\nYou may need to give more information about your partner\u2019s self-employed business and what you do if you\u2019re applying for Maternity Allowance for 14 weeks.\n\n## When you\u2019ll hear about your claim\n\nYou should get a decision on your claim within 20 working days.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, a form will be sent to you confirming your entitlement and asking you to confirm your last day of employment before leave.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maternity-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 30 weeks pregnant and i can\u2019t keep up with my work as i used to be. I want to apply for maternity allowance.", + "original_question": "Am i eligible and will it affect any other benefits i am getting?" + }, + { + "id": "train-72", + "question": "Scenario: I am undertaking a pre registered pharmacist course for academic year 2022-2022 and i want educational support to care to my 6 years old child who has autism\n\nQuestion: Do i repay it back in the future if I claim this benefit now?\n\nDocument - Childcare Grant:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be eligible for help with your childcare costs if you:\n\n- are a full-time higher education student\n\n- have children under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs\n\nThe grant:\n\n- does not have to be paid back\n\n- is paid on top of your other student finance\n\nYou must be eligible for student finance to apply for a Childcare Grant.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get depends on:\n\n- your household income\n\n- the number of children who are dependent on you\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\nYou can get 85% of your childcare costs or a fixed maximum amount, whichever is less.\n\nThe maximum you can get is:\n\n- up to \u00a3179.62 a week for 1 child\n\n- up to \u00a3307.95 a week for 2 or more children\n\nYou have to pay for any remaining costs.\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nYou can get 85% of your childcare costs or a fixed maximum amount, whichever is less.\n\nThe maximum you can get is:\n\n- up to \u00a3174.22 a week for 1 child\n\n- up to \u00a3298.69 a week for 2 or more children\n\nYou have to pay for any remaining costs.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYour grant will be paid into a Childcare Grant Payment Service (CCGPS) account. You\u2019ll get an email telling you how to set one up.\n\nYour childcare provider will send requests for payment to the CCGPS, which you can approve through your account. Your provider will be paid directly from the money in your account.\n\nAny money that\u2019s left over at the end of the academic year will be returned to Student Finance England.\n\nIncome-related, unemployment and housing benefits are not affected by a Childcare Grant.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo qualify for a Childcare Grant all the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a full-time student\n\n- your child must be under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs\n\n- you get undergraduate student finance based on your household income, or are eligible to\n\n- you\u2019re not getting a Postgraduate Loan\n\n- you\u2019re a permanent resident in England\n\n- the children in your grant application are financially dependent on you\n\n- your childcare provider is on the Ofsted Early Years Register or General Childcare Register - check with your provider\n\n- if your child is cared for at home, the carer cannot be a relative and must be registered with an appropriate body - check with Student Finance England\n\n- neither you or your partner are claiming Tax-Free Childcare, the childcare element of working Tax Credit or Universal Credit\n\n- neither you or your partner receive help with childcare costs from the National Health Service (NHS)\n\nChildcare Grant isn\u2019t the same as 15 or 30 hours free childcare. You can\u2019t use it to pay for those hours.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply for a Childcare Grant follow these steps:\n\n- Apply online as part of your main student finance application.\n\n- Send in evidence. You\u2019ll be told what evidence you need to provide when you apply.\n\n- You\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how much Childcare Grant you\u2019ll get.\n\n- Create an online account with the Childcare Grant Payment Service (CCGPS). You\u2019ll get an email telling you how to set one up. Your grant will be paid into this account.\n\nUse the paper form instead if you:\n\n- have already applied for student finance but didn\u2019t apply for a childcare grant at the same time\n\n- want to apply for another child\n\nYou can download the form from the student finance form finder.\n\nUse your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/childcare-grant", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am undertaking a pre registered pharmacist course for academic year 2022-2022 and i want educational support to care to my 6 years old child who has autism", + "original_question": "Do i repay it back in the future if I claim this benefit now?" + }, + { + "id": "train-74", + "question": "Scenario: We been married for 3 years and been blessed with a baby girl a week back. We thinking to avail Shared Parental Leave and Pay\n\nQuestion: Given our baby already born , are we eligible for Shared Parental Leave and Pay ?\n\nDocument - Shared Parental Leave and Pay:\n## How it works\n\nYou and your partner may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if you\u2019re:\n\n- having a baby\n\n- using a surrogate to have a baby\n\n- adopting a child\n\nYou can share up to 50 weeks of leave and up to 37 weeks of pay between you.\n\nYou need to share the pay and leave in the first year after your child is born or placed with your family.\n\nYou can use SPL to take leave in blocks separated by periods of work, or take it all in one go. You can also choose to be off work together or to stagger the leave and pay.\n\nTo get SPL and ShPP, you and your partner need to:\n\n- meet the eligibility criteria - there\u2019s different criteria for birth parents and criteria for adoptive parents or parents using a surrogate\n\n- give notice to your employers\n\n## Eligibility for birth parents\n\nTo be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP), both parents must:\n\n- share responsibility for the child at birth\n\n- meet work and pay criteria - these are different depending on which parent wants to use the shared parental leave and pay\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible if you started sharing responsibility for the child after it was born.\n\nThe eligibility criteria are different if you\u2019re adoptive parents or parents using a surrogate.\n\nYou can check if you can get SPL and ShPP. You\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- your child\u2019s due date or birth date\n\n- your and your partner\u2019s employment status and earnings\n\n- if you and your partner can get Statutory Maternity Pay or Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n## If both parents want to share the SPL and ShPP\n\nTo be eligible for SPL and ShPP, you and your partner must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date\n\n- stay with the same employer until you start your SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, you must be \u2018employees\u2019 (not \u2018workers\u2019) - check your employment status. If either of you is a \u2018worker\u2019, you might be able to share ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, you must each earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week each, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), you may still be eligible.\n\n## If the mother\u2019s partner wants to take the SPL and ShPP\n\nFor the mother\u2019s partner to take SPL and ShPP, both the mother and the mother\u2019s partner must meet some eligibility requirements.\n\nThe mother must:\n\n- have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the baby\u2019s due (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)\n\n- have earned at least \u00a3390 in total across any 13 of the 66 weeks\n\nThe mother\u2019s partner must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date\n\n- stay with the same employer until they start their SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, the partner must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If the partner is a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, the partner must earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If either person earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\n## If the mother wants to take the SPL and ShPP\n\nFor the mother to take SPL and ShPP, both the mother\u2019s partner and the mother must meet some eligibility criteria.\n\nThe mother\u2019s partner must:\n\n- have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the baby\u2019s due (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)\n\n- have earned at least \u00a3390 in total in 13 of the 66 weeks (add up the highest paying weeks, they do not need to be in a row)\n\nThe mother must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the 15th week before the due date\n\n- stay with the same employer until they start their SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, the mother must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If the mother is a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, the mother must earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If either person earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\n## Eligibility for adopters or parents using a surrogate\n\nTo be eligible for Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP), both adoptive parents or both parents using a surrogate must:\n\n- share responsibility for the child on the child\u2019s due date or birth date if you\u2019re using a surrogate, or the date they\u2019re placed with you if you\u2019re adopting\n\n- meet the work and earnings criteria - these are different depending on which one of you wants to use the shared parental leave and pay\n\nThe eligibility criteria are different if you\u2019re birth parents.\n\nYou can check if you can get SPL and ShPP. You\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- your child\u2019s due date or birth date if you\u2019re using a surrogate, or the match date if you\u2019re adopting\n\n- your and your partner\u2019s employment status and earnings\n\n- if you and your partner can get Statutory Adoption Pay or Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n## If both parents want to share the SPL and ShPP\n\nTo be eligible for SPL and ShPP, you and your partner must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the week your child was placed with your family\n\n- stay with the same employer until you start your SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, you must be \u2018employees\u2019 (not \u2018workers\u2019) - check your employment status. If either of you is a \u2018worker\u2019, you might be able to share ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, you must each earn on average at least \u00a3120 a week. If you usually earn an average of \u00a3120 or more a week each, and you only earned less in some weeks because you were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (CJRS), you may still be eligible.\n\n## If only one of the parents wants to take the SPL and ShPP\n\nBoth parents must meet some eligibility criteria.\n\nThe parent who wants to take the leave and pay must:\n\n- have been employed continuously by the same employer for at least 26 weeks by the end of the week your child was placed with your family\n\n- stay with the same employer until they start their SPL\n\nTo be eligible for SPL, they must be an \u2018employee\u2019 (not a \u2018worker\u2019) - check their employment status. If they are a \u2018worker\u2019, they might be able to get ShPP but not SPL.\n\nTo be eligible for ShPP, they must earn on average at least \u00a3120 each a week.\n\nThe other parent must:\n\n- have been working for at least 26 weeks out of the 66 weeks before the week the child was placed with you (the 26 weeks do not need to be in a row)\n\n- have earned at least \u00a3390 in total in 13 of the 66 weeks (add up the highest paying weeks, they do not need to be in a row)\n\nIf either parent earned less than the amount needed because they were on furlough under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible and you or your partner end maternity or adoption leave and pay (or Maternity Allowance) early, then you can:\n\n- take the rest of the 52 weeks of maternity or adoption leave as Shared Parental Leave (SPL)\n\n- take the rest of the 39 weeks of maternity or adoption pay (or Maternity Allowance) as Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP)\n\nYou can check when you and your partner can take your leave and how much statutory pay you\u2019ll get using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.\n\n## How much pay you\u2019ll get\n\nShPP is paid at the rate of \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of your average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.\n\nThis is the same as Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) except that during the first 6 weeks SMP is paid at 90% of whatever you earn (with no maximum).\n\n## When you can start\n\nYou can only start Shared Parental Leave (SPL) or Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) once the child has been born or placed for adoption.\n\nYou can check when you and your partner can start your leave using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.\n\n## For SPL to start\n\nThe mother (or the person getting adoption leave) must either:\n\n- return to work, which ends any maternity or adoption leave\n\n- give their employer \u2018binding notice\u2019 of the date when they plan to end their leave (you cannot normally change the date you give in binding notice)\n\nYou can start SPL while your partner is still on maternity or adoption leave as long as they\u2019ve given binding notice to end it.\n\nYou can give binding notice and say when you plan to take your SPL at the same time.\n\nA mother cannot return to work before the end of the compulsory 2 weeks of maternity leave following the birth (4 weeks if they work in a factory). If you\u2019re adopting, the person claiming adoption pay must take at least 2 weeks of adoption leave.\n\n## If the mother or adopter does not get maternity or adoption leave\n\nThe mother or adopter must end any maternity pay, adoption pay or Maternity Allowance so that they or their partner can get SPL.\n\n## For ShPP to start\n\nThe mother (or the person getting adoption pay) must give their employer binding notice of the date when they plan to end any maternity or adoption pay.\n\nIf they get Maternity Allowance, they must give notice to Jobcentre Plus instead.\n\nThey cannot restart maternity pay, Maternity Allowance or adoption pay once it\u2019s ended.\n\nYou can start ShPP while your partner is still on maternity pay, adoption pay or Maternity Allowance as long as they\u2019ve given binding notice to end it.\n\nYou can give binding notice and say when you plan to take your ShPP at the same time.\n\n## Change the decision to end maternity or adoption leave\n\nThe mother or adopter may be able to change their decision to end maternity or adoption leave early. They must let their employer know.\n\nThey can only change the decision if both:\n\n- the planned end date has not passed\n\n- they have not already returned to work\n\nOne of the following must also apply:\n\n- you find out during the 8-week notice period that neither of you is eligible for SPL or ShPP\n\n- the mother or adopter\u2019s partner has died\n\n- the mother tells their employer less than 6 weeks after the birth (and they gave their employer notice before the birth)\n\n## Booking blocks of leave\n\nYou can book up to 3 separate blocks of Shared Parental Leave (SPL) instead of taking it all in one go, even if you are not sharing the leave with your partner.\n\nIf your partner is also eligible for SPL, you can take up to 3 blocks of leave each. You can take leave at different times or both at the same time.\n\nYou must tell your employer about your plans for leave when you apply for SPL. You can change these plans later but you must give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice before you want to begin a block of leave.\n\nYou can check when you and your partner can take your leave using the Shared Parental Leave and Pay planning tool.\n\n## Splitting blocks of leave\n\nIf your employer agrees, you can split blocks into shorter periods of at least a week.\n\n## Shared Parental Leave in touch (SPLIT) days\n\nYou and your partner can each work up to 20 days while you\u2019re taking SPL. These are called \u2018Shared Parental Leave in touch\u2019 (or SPLIT) days.\n\nThese days are in addition to the 10 \u2018keeping in touch\u2019 (or KIT) days available to those on maternity or adoption leave.\n\nKIT and SPLIT days are optional - both you and your employer must agree to them.\n\n## Applying for leave and pay\n\nTo get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) or Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) you must:\n\n- follow the rules for starting SPL and ShPP\n\n- give your employer at least 8 weeks\u2019 written notice of your leave dates\n\nIf the mother (or person taking adoption leave) plans to take SPL or ShPP, they must apply to their employer.\n\nIf the partner plans to take SPL or ShPP, both the partner and the mother (or person taking adoption leave) must apply to their employers.\n\nYou can use Shared Parental Leave forms and templates created by Acas to:\n\n- give your employer notice that you plan to take SPL and ShPP\n\n- give your employer notice of when the mother or adopter is going to end their maternity or adoption leave, and when they\u2019ll stop getting maternity or adoption pay\n\n- book your leave dates\n\nIf your employer has their own forms you can use those instead.\n\nYou can change your mind later about how much SPL or ShPP you plan to take and when you want to take it. You must give notice of any changes at least 8 weeks before the start of any leave.\n\nYou might not get SPL or ShPP if you do not include all the required information.\n\n## Giving more information\n\nYour employer can ask you for more information within 14 days of you applying for SPL or ShPP. They can ask for:\n\n- a copy of the birth certificate\n\n- a declaration of the place and date of birth (if the birth has not been registered yet)\n\n- the name and address of your partner\u2019s employer or a declaration that your partner has no employer\n\nIf you\u2019re adopting, your employer can ask for the:\n\n- name and address of the adoption agency\n\n- date you were matched with the child\n\n- date the child will start to live with you\n\n- name and address of your partner\u2019s employer or a declaration that your partner has no employer\n\nYou must give this information within 14 days of being asked for it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We been married for 3 years and been blessed with a baby girl a week back. We thinking to avail Shared Parental Leave and Pay", + "original_question": "Given our baby already born , are we eligible for Shared Parental Leave and Pay ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-77", + "question": "Scenario: I have just enrolled onto a 6 month full time training course but I will still be working part time on top of attending education.\n\nQuestion: Will I still be eligible for a help with childcare costs?\n\nDocument - Childcare Grant:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be eligible for help with your childcare costs if you:\n\n- are a full-time higher education student\n\n- have children under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs\n\nThe grant:\n\n- does not have to be paid back\n\n- is paid on top of your other student finance\n\nYou must be eligible for student finance to apply for a Childcare Grant.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get depends on:\n\n- your household income\n\n- the number of children who are dependent on you\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\nYou can get 85% of your childcare costs or a fixed maximum amount, whichever is less.\n\nThe maximum you can get is:\n\n- up to \u00a3179.62 a week for 1 child\n\n- up to \u00a3307.95 a week for 2 or more children\n\nYou have to pay for any remaining costs.\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nYou can get 85% of your childcare costs or a fixed maximum amount, whichever is less.\n\nThe maximum you can get is:\n\n- up to \u00a3174.22 a week for 1 child\n\n- up to \u00a3298.69 a week for 2 or more children\n\nYou have to pay for any remaining costs.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYour grant will be paid into a Childcare Grant Payment Service (CCGPS) account. You\u2019ll get an email telling you how to set one up.\n\nYour childcare provider will send requests for payment to the CCGPS, which you can approve through your account. Your provider will be paid directly from the money in your account.\n\nAny money that\u2019s left over at the end of the academic year will be returned to Student Finance England.\n\nIncome-related, unemployment and housing benefits are not affected by a Childcare Grant.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo qualify for a Childcare Grant all the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a full-time student\n\n- your child must be under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs\n\n- you get undergraduate student finance based on your household income, or are eligible to\n\n- you\u2019re not getting a Postgraduate Loan\n\n- you\u2019re a permanent resident in England\n\n- the children in your grant application are financially dependent on you\n\n- your childcare provider is on the Ofsted Early Years Register or General Childcare Register - check with your provider\n\n- if your child is cared for at home, the carer cannot be a relative and must be registered with an appropriate body - check with Student Finance England\n\n- neither you or your partner are claiming Tax-Free Childcare, the childcare element of working Tax Credit or Universal Credit\n\n- neither you or your partner receive help with childcare costs from the National Health Service (NHS)\n\nChildcare Grant isn\u2019t the same as 15 or 30 hours free childcare. You can\u2019t use it to pay for those hours.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply for a Childcare Grant follow these steps:\n\n- Apply online as part of your main student finance application.\n\n- Send in evidence. You\u2019ll be told what evidence you need to provide when you apply.\n\n- You\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how much Childcare Grant you\u2019ll get.\n\n- Create an online account with the Childcare Grant Payment Service (CCGPS). You\u2019ll get an email telling you how to set one up. Your grant will be paid into this account.\n\nUse the paper form instead if you:\n\n- have already applied for student finance but didn\u2019t apply for a childcare grant at the same time\n\n- want to apply for another child\n\nYou can download the form from the student finance form finder.\n\nUse your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/childcare-grant", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just enrolled onto a 6 month full time training course but I will still be working part time on top of attending education.", + "original_question": "Will I still be eligible for a help with childcare costs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-78", + "question": "Scenario: My wife and I currently live in accomodation which I own, and she has recently become paraplegic as the result of a traffic accident. We have savings of around \u00a35,000 and live in England.\n\nQuestion: Can we apply for a Disabled Facilities Grant to help cover the cost of adapting our home?\n\nDocument - Disabled Facilities Grants:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get a grant from your council if you\u2019re disabled and need to make changes to your home, for example to:\n\n- widen doors and install ramps\n\n- improve access to rooms and facilities - eg stairlifts or a downstairs bathroom\n\n- provide a heating system suitable for your needs\n\n- adapt heating or lighting controls to make them easier to use\n\nA Disabled Facilities Grant won\u2019t affect any benefits you get.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get depends on your:\n\n- household income\n\n- household savings over \u00a36,000\n\n| Country | Grant |\n\n| England | Up to \u00a330,000 |\n\n| Wales | Up to \u00a336,000 |\n\n| Northern Ireland | Up to \u00a325,000 |\n\n| Scotland | Disabled Facilities Grants are not available - find out about support for equipment and adaptations |\n\nDepending on your income, you may need to pay towards the cost of the work to the property.\n\nDisabled children under 18 can get a grant without their parents\u2019 income being taken into account. Contact your local council for more information.\n\nYou might not get any grant if you start work on your property before the council approves your application.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be paid\n\nYou\u2019ll be paid either:\n\n- in instalments - as the work progresses\n\n- in full - when the work is finished\n\nThe council may pay the contractor directly or give you a cheque to pass on to them. They\u2019ll agree this with you when they approve your application.\n\n## When you\u2019ll be paid\n\nYou\u2019ll be paid either:\n\n- when the council is happy with the finished work\n\n- when you give the council the invoice, demand or receipt for payment from the contractor\n\nNormally, if you (or a relative) does the work the council will only accept invoices for materials or services you\u2019ve bought.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou or someone living in your property must be disabled. Either you or the person you\u2019re applying for must:\n\n- own the property or be a tenant\n\n- intend to live in the property during the grant period (which is currently 5 years)\n\nYou can also apply for a grant if you\u2019re a landlord and have a disabled tenant.\n\nThe council needs to be happy that the work is:\n\n- necessary and appropriate to meet the disabled person\u2019s needs\n\n- reasonable and can be done - depending on the age and condition of the property\n\nYou might not get any grant if you start work on your property before the council approves your application.\n\n## Planning and building regulations approval\n\nYou need to apply separately for any planning permission or building regulations approval.\n\nThe council may ask you to employ a qualified architect or surveyor to plan and oversee the work. If you get a grant, you can use it towards the cost of their fees.\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply through your local council.\n\nThe council may send an occupational therapist round to see you. They\u2019ll check your circumstances and see what changes you need.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to your council if you\u2019re unhappy with their decision.\n\nIf you appeal and you\u2019re still not happy, you can complain to the Local Government Ombudsman.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-facilities-grants", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My wife and I currently live in accomodation which I own, and she has recently become paraplegic as the result of a traffic accident. We have savings of around \u00a35,000 and live in England.", + "original_question": "Can we apply for a Disabled Facilities Grant to help cover the cost of adapting our home?" + }, + { + "id": "train-81", + "question": "Scenario: I am the step-father to a 14 year old who was born in the UK but now has difficulty walking after a car accident in France.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim for disability living allowance on their behalf despite not being a biological parent?\n\nDocument - Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children:\n## Overview\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) for children may help with the extra costs of looking after a child who:\n\n- is under 16\n\n- has difficulties walking or needs much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability\n\nThey will need to meet all the eligibility requirements.\n\nThe DLA rate is between \u00a323.70 and \u00a3152.15 a week and depends on the level of help the child needs.\n\n## DLA rates for children\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) for children is a tax-free benefit made up of 2 components (parts). The child might qualify for one or both components.\n\n## Care component\n\n| Care component | Weekly rate |\n\n| Lowest | \u00a323.70 |\n\n| Middle | \u00a360.00 |\n\n| Highest | \u00a389.60 |\n\n## Mobility component\n\n| Mobility component | Weekly rate |\n\n| Lower | \u00a323.70 |\n\n| Higher | \u00a362.55 |\n\n## How DLA for children is paid\n\nDLA is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Tuesday.\n\nIf your payment date is on a bank holiday, you will usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Extra help\n\nYou might qualify for Carer\u2019s Allowance if you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for a child who gets the middle or highest care rate of DLA.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nUsually, to qualify for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children the child must:\n\n- be under 16 - anyone over 16 must apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP)\n\n- need extra looking after or have walking dif\ufb01culties\n\n- be in Great Britain, a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland when you claim - there are some exceptions, such as family members of the Armed Forces\n\n- have lived in Great Britain for at least 6 of the last 12 months, if over 3 years old\n\n- be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands\n\n- not be subject to immigration control\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\nThere are some exceptions to these conditions if the child is living in or coming from an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\nYou can claim DLA for children if you\u2019re in or out of work.\n\n## Children under 3\n\nA child under 6 months must have lived in Great Britain for at least 13 weeks.\n\nA child aged between 6 months and 3 years must have lived in Great Britain for at least 26 of the last 156 weeks.\n\nThe rules on residence do not normally apply if a child is terminally ill.\n\n## The child\u2019s disability or health condition\n\nThe child\u2019s disability or health condition must mean at least one of the following apply:\n\n- they need much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability\n\n- they have difficulty getting about\n\nThey must have had these difficulties for at least 3 months and expect them to last for at least 6 months. If they\u2019re terminally ill (that is, not expected to live more than 6 months), they do not need to have had these difficulties for 3 months.\n\n## Care component\n\nThe rate the child gets depends on the level of looking after they need, for example:\n\n- lowest rate - help for some of the day\n\n- middle rate - frequent help or constant supervision during the day, supervision at night or someone to help while they\u2019re on dialysis\n\n- highest rate - help or supervision throughout both day and night, or they\u2019re terminally ill\n\n## Mobility component\n\nThe rate the child gets depends on the level of help they need getting about, for example:\n\n- lowest rate - they can walk but need help and or supervision when outdoors\n\n- highest rate - they cannot walk, can only walk a short distance without severe discomfort, could become very ill if they try to walk or they\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired\n\nThere are also age limits to receiving the mobility component:\n\n- lowest rate - the child must be 5 years or over\n\n- highest rate - the child must be 3 years or over\n\nIf your child is under these ages and you claim DLA for them, you should be sent a claim pack 6 months before they turn 3 and 6 months before they turn 5. You can then apply for the mobility component if you think they\u2019re eligible for it.\n\nIf you have not received any claim packs and you think your child may be entitled to the mobility component, contact the Disability Service Centre.\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nContact the Disability Service Centre as soon as the child\u2019s circumstances change. This can affect how much they get, for example if their disability gets worse or they go abroad for medical treatment.\n\nTheir DLA will not usually be affected if they go:\n\n- into a local authority care home for less than 28 days\n\n- into a hospital\n\n- abroad for less than 13 weeks\n\n- abroad for less than 26 weeks to get medical treatment for a condition which began before they left\n\n## How to claim\n\nTo claim DLA for a child you need to be their parent or look after them as if you\u2019re their parent. This includes step-parents, guardians, grandparents, foster-parents or older brothers or sisters.\n\nTo apply you can either:\n\n- print off and fill in the DLA claim form\n\n- phone the Disability Living Allowance helpline and ask for a printed form\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Disability Living Allowance helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## When you\u2019ll be paid\n\nDLA can be paid from the start of your claim. It cannot be backdated. Your claim will start on the date the form is received or the date you call the enquiry line (if you return the claim pack within 6 weeks).\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision letter about 8 weeks (40 working days) after your form is received. The letter will tell you when you\u2019ll get your first payment.\n\n## If the child is terminally ill\n\nThere are special rules if the child is not expected to live more than 6 months, so they can get DLA more quickly.\n\nPhone the Disability Living Allowance helpline to start your claim. Ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500. They\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## When your child turns 16\n\nYour child will need to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) when they turn 16.\n\n## When they apply for PIP\n\nYour child will get a letter inviting them to apply for PIP. The letter will be sent:\n\n- shortly after their 16th birthday\n\n- when they leave hospital, if they were in hospital on their 16th birthday\n\n- about 20 weeks before their DLA award ends, if they were awarded DLA under the rules for people who are terminally ill\n\nYour child\u2019s DLA payments will stop unless they apply for PIP by the date given in the letter.\n\nIf they apply by the date given in the letter, they\u2019ll continue to receive DLA until their claim is assessed.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disability-living-allowance-children", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the step-father to a 14 year old who was born in the UK but now has difficulty walking after a car accident in France.", + "original_question": "Can I claim for disability living allowance on their behalf despite not being a biological parent?" + }, + { + "id": "train-82", + "question": "Scenario: My grandfather has appointed me as his financial affair attorney and i have been running his businesses efficiently . He has been diagnosed with a terminal illness and has few day to live.\n\nQuestion: Will a power of attorney still be valid after my grandfather dies?\n\nDocument - Lasting power of attorney: acting as an attorney:\n## Overview\n\nYou can make decisions on someone\u2019s behalf if they appoint you using a lasting power of attorney (LPA).\n\nYou can contact GOV.UK to request this guide in another format, for example large print or braille.\n\nThe person who appoints you is called the \u2018donor\u2019. You\u2019re their \u2018attorney\u2019.\n\nYou don\u2019t need any legal experience to act as someone\u2019s attorney.\n\nThe types of decisions you make depend on whether you\u2019re a:\n\n- property and financial affairs attorney\n\n- health and welfare attorney\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Making decisions\n\nCheck what you need to do before you\u2019re allowed to start making decisions.\n\nAfter you start you must:\n\n- follow any instructions the donor included in the LPA\n\n- consider any preferences the donor included in the LPA\n\n- help the donor make their own decisions as much as they can\n\n- make any decisions in the donor\u2019s best interests\n\n- respect their human and civil rights\n\nYou must make the decisions yourself - you can\u2019t ask someone to make them for you.\n\nYou can get help making difficult decisions. Your decisions can be checked.\n\n## If you\u2019re not the only attorney\n\nCheck the LPA. It will tell you whether you must make decisions:\n\n- \u2018jointly\u2019 - this means all the attorneys must agree\n\n- \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - this means you can make decisions together or on your own\n\nThe LPA may tell you to make some decisions \u2018jointly\u2019 and others \u2018jointly and severally\u2019.\n\nFind out what to do if you make decisions jointly with someone who stops acting as an attorney.\n\n## Property and financial affairs attorneys\n\nAs a property and financial affairs attorney, you make (or help the donor make) decisions about things like:\n\n- money, tax and bills\n\n- bank and building society accounts\n\n- property and investments\n\n- pensions and benefits\n\nYou can use the donor\u2019s money to look after their home and buy anything they need day to day (for example, food).\n\nDiscuss decisions that affect the donor\u2019s living arrangements, medical care or daily routine with their health and welfare attorney, if they have one.\n\n## Looking after money and property\n\nYou must keep the donor\u2019s finances separate from your own, unless you\u2019ve already got something in both of your names like a joint bank account or you own a home together.\n\n## Managing bank accounts\n\nBefore you can manage the donor\u2019s account, you must show the bank the original registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) or a copy of it signed on every page by the donor, a solicitor or notary.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to give proof of:\n\n- your name\n\n- your address\n\n- the donor\u2019s name or address if they\u2019re not the same as on the bank account\n\nThe bank might ask for additional types of proof.\n\n## Spending money on gifts or donations\n\nUnless the LPA states otherwise, you can spend money on:\n\n- gifts to a donor\u2019s friend, family member or acquaintance on occasions when you would normally give gifts (such as birthdays or anniversaries)\n\n- donations to a charity that the donor wouldn\u2019t object to, for example a charity they\u2019ve donated to before\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection for any other type of gift or donation, even if the donor has given them before. These include:\n\n- paying someone\u2019s school or university fees\n\n- letting someone live in the donor\u2019s property without paying market rent (anything they pay below market rent counts as a gift)\n\n- interest-free loans\n\nYou must check that the donor can afford the gift or donation, even if they\u2019ve spent money on these types of things before. For example, you can\u2019t donate their money if that would mean they couldn\u2019t afford their care costs.\n\nRead the guidance for more information on giving gifts or donations.\n\n## Buying and selling property\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get legal advice if:\n\n- the sale is below the market value\n\n- you want to buy the property yourself\n\n- you\u2019re giving it to someone else\n\n## Making a will\n\nYou can apply for a statutory will if the donor needs to make a will but can\u2019t do it themselves.\n\nYou can\u2019t change a donor\u2019s will.\n\nYou can be ordered to repay the donor\u2019s money if you misuse it or make decisions to benefit yourself.\n\n## Health and welfare attorneys\n\nAs a health and welfare attorney, you make (or help the donor make) decisions about things like:\n\n- daily routine, for example washing, dressing and eating\n\n- medical care\n\n- where the donor lives\n\nYou might need to spend the donor\u2019s money on things that maintain or improve their quality of life. This can include:\n\n- new clothes or hairdressing\n\n- decorating their home or room in a care home\n\n- paying for extra support so the donor can go out more, for example to visit friends or relatives or to go on holiday\n\nYou must ask for money from the person in charge of the donor\u2019s funds.\n\n## Refusing or consenting to treatment\n\nCheck the lasting power of attorney (LPA) for instructions about refusing or consenting to treatment.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- show the LPA to care staff\n\n- sign medical consent forms\n\n- make decisions in the donor\u2019s best interests\n\nYou can\u2019t always make decisions about the donor\u2019s medical treatment, for example if the donor\u2019s made a living will or has been sectioned.\n\n## Living wills (\u2018advance decisions\u2019)\n\nThis is a legal statement from the donor about which medical treatments they don\u2019t want. You\u2019ll need to give this to care staff along with the LPA.\n\nNHS Choices has information about advance decisions.\n\n## Apply for a one-off decision\n\nYou may need to apply for a one-off decision from the Court of Protection to make a decision about a medical treatment if:\n\n- the living will and LPA give different instructions\n\n- the medical staff or the donor\u2019s friends and family disagree about whether the treatment should be given\n\n## Start acting as an attorney\n\nYou must have a registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) before you can start acting as an attorney.\n\nThe LPA is registered when the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) has stamped it with \u2018VALIDATED-OPG\u2019.\n\nYou can prepare before you start by talking to the donor so you\u2019re ready to make decisions in their best interests. For example, ask about their plans for their money or how they want to be cared for if they become seriously ill.\n\n## Starting as a property and financial affairs attorney\n\nThe LPA may give you permission to make decisions while the donor still has the mental capacity to make their own financial decisions.\n\nIf it doesn\u2019t, you can only start making decisions when they don\u2019t have mental capacity.\n\n## Starting as a health and welfare attorney\n\nYou can only make decisions when the donor doesn\u2019t have mental capacity to make them.\n\nYou must tell people involved in the donor\u2019s care when you start. This includes the donor\u2019s:\n\n- friends and family\n\n- doctor and other healthcare staff\n\n- care workers, social worker and other social care staff\n\nStaff may want to see proof of your identity and either the original LPA or a certified copy.\n\n## Taking over as a replacement attorney\n\nReplacement attorneys are listed in the LPA.\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to start helping a donor make decisions as soon as the attorney you\u2019re replacing stops acting. Check the LPA to see if there are other attorneys you might need to make decisions with.\n\n## Records and expenses\n\nKeep a record of:\n\n- important decisions you make and when, for example selling the donor\u2019s home or agreeing to medical treatment\n\n- the donor\u2019s assets, income and how you spend their money - if you\u2019re their finance and property affairs attorney\n\nInclude details of who you asked for advice and any disagreements.\n\nDon\u2019t include small, everyday decisions.\n\n## Expenses\n\nYou can only claim expenses for things you must do to carry out your role as an attorney, for example:\n\n- hiring a professional to do things like fill in the donor\u2019s tax return\n\n- travel costs\n\n- stationery\n\n- postage\n\n- phone calls\n\nYou can be ordered to repay the donor\u2019s money if you misuse it or make decisions to benefit yourself.\n\nKeep your receipts and invoice the donor for your expenses. The money is paid by whoever\u2019s in charge of the donor\u2019s funds.\n\n## Checks and visits\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian and Court of Protection can check your decisions. They may:\n\n- arrange a visit with you and the donor together, or the donor alone\n\n- contact other people such as the donor\u2019s family, bank or care workers\n\nThey can investigate and stop you acting as an attorney if, for example:\n\n- you\u2019ve done something the lasting power of attorney (LPA) says you can\u2019t\n\n- you haven\u2019t done something the LPA has instructed you to do\n\n- you haven\u2019t been acting in the donor\u2019s best interests\n\n- you misuse the donor\u2019s money or make decisions to benefit yourself\n\n- you do something that goes against their human or civil rights\n\n- the donor isn\u2019t being treated well\n\n- the donor made the LPA under pressure or they were tricked into it\n\n## Stop acting as an attorney\n\nThe lasting power of attorney (LPA) ends when the donor dies.\n\nTell the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and send them:\n\n- a copy of the death certificate\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- all certified copies of the LPA\n\n## Stopping before the donor dies\n\nYou can choose to stop acting as an attorney - sometimes called \u2018disclaiming\u2019 an attorneyship.\n\nThere are also some cases in which the law requires you to stop acting as an attorney.\n\nAny replacement attorneys listed in the LPA will take over if you stop.\n\nIf there are no replacements, there may be other ways to help the donor make decisions.\n\n## If you choose to stop\n\nFill in and send a notification form to:\n\n- the donor - if the LPA hasn\u2019t been registered\n\n- the donor and OPG (at the address on the form) - if the LPA is registered\n\n- any other attorneys appointed on the LPA\n\n## When you have to stop\n\nYou must stop acting as an attorney if:\n\n- the donor takes you off their LPA - sometimes called \u2018revoking\u2019 an attorney\n\n- you lose mental capacity and can\u2019t make decisions any more\n\n- you\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney and you become bankrupt or subject to a debt relief order\n\n- you\u2019re married to or in a civil partnership with the donor and you get a divorce or an annulment (unless the LPA says you can keep acting as an attorney)\n\n- you\u2019re a joint attorney and another attorney stops acting, unless the LPA says you can carry on making decisions", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/lasting-power-attorney-duties", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My grandfather has appointed me as his financial affair attorney and i have been running his businesses efficiently . He has been diagnosed with a terminal illness and has few day to live.", + "original_question": "Will a power of attorney still be valid after my grandfather dies?" + }, + { + "id": "train-84", + "question": "Scenario: I married my wife 10 years ago. I now want to legally change my gender and I am applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate.\n\nQuestion: Will my marriage's legal status change?\n\nDocument - Apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate:\n## Overview\n\nApply to the Gender Recognition Panel for a Gender Recognition Certificate if you want your acquired gender to be legally recognised in the UK.\n\nThere are 3 different ways (\u2018routes\u2019) to get a certificate - which one you use depends on your situation.\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Standard route\n\nApply by the standard route if all the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria (discomfort with your birth gender) - this is also called gender identity disorder, gender incongruence or transsexualism\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 2 years\n\n- you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life\n\n## Alternative route\n\nApply by the alternative route if all the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria or had surgery to change your sexual characteristics\n\n- you live in England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland most of the time\n\n- you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life\n\n- you\u2019re in (or have been in) a protected marriage or protected civil partnership before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 6 years before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)\n\nA marriage or civil partnership is protected if it\u2019s one of the following:\n\n- registered under the law of England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\n- a marriage solemnised in Scotland\n\n- a civil partnership registered in Scotland\n\n- a marriage registered under the law of a country or territory outside the UK\n\n- a marriage on UK consular premises or in an armed forces base, if you elected England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland as the relevant part of the UK\n\n## Overseas route\n\nApply by the overseas route if your acquired gender has been legally accepted in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019 and you have documents to prove it.\n\nYou must be 18 or over.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get information, advice and support from a number of voluntary organisations - you can find a list on page 21 of the full guidance.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice or find a legal adviser.\n\n## If you're married or in a civil partnership\n\n## If you\u2019re married\n\nYou can stay married if you apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate.\n\nYou and your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration saying you both agree to stay married.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if you or your spouse do not want to remain married, or if your spouse does not fill in a statutory declaration. You can use the interim certificate as grounds to end the marriage.\n\nIf your marriage is registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland and you have an interim certificate, you\u2019ll only get a full certificate once you end your marriage.\n\nIf your marriage was registered in Scotland, you can use an interim certificate to apply to the sheriff court for a full certificate. You do not need to end your marriage first.\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel if either you or your spouse change your mind about staying married during the application process.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a civil partnership\n\nYou can stay in your civil partnership if it was registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nYour partner must fill in a statutory declaration saying they agree to stay in a civil partnership with you. Contact the Gender Recognition Panel for help with filling in the declaration.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if your partner does not fill in a statutory declaration.\n\n## Civil partnerships registered in Scotland\n\nIf your civil partnership was registered in Scotland, you must end it or convert your civil partnership to marriage.\n\nIf you decide to convert your civil partnership into a marriage you must do it before you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel.\n\nIf you\u2019re still in a civil partnership when you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel, you\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019. You must end the civil partnership before you can get a full certificate.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the right form for your application.\n\n| | Form | Guidance |\n\n| Standard route | Form T450 | Leaflet T451 |\n\n| Alternative route | Form T464 | Leaflet T465 |\n\n| Overseas route | Form T453 | Leaflet T454 |\n\nSend the completed form with your fee and any supporting documents relevant to your application.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a35 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\n## Get help with your application\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel for advice on the application process.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must send certain documents when you apply, depending on which application route you use and whether you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership.\n\nYou might need to send original documents - you\u2019ll get them back after the Gender Recognition Panel has looked at your application. You will not get any statutory declarations back.\n\nFor all application routes, you must download and fill in the relevant statutory declaration for:\n\n- single people\n\n- married people or civil partners\n\n## If you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership\n\nFor all application routes you must provide the following (if relevant):\n\n- an original or certified copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\n- a copy of the decree ending your marriage or proof that any previous civil partnership has been dissolved\n\n- a copy of your spouse\u2019s death certificate\n\nIf you want to stay married, your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration for a spouse.\n\n## Standard or alternative route\n\nFor all application routes you must send:\n\n- an original or certified copy of your birth certificate\n\n- copies of any official documents that show your birth name has changed to your current name\n\n- proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for the required time\n\n- any required medical reports\n\nYou need to have lived in your acquired gender for 2 years if applying through the standard route.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying through the alternative route you need to have lived in your acquired gender for 6 years before 10 December 2014, or 16 December 2014 if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\n## Proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender\n\nThis proof must cover the required time that you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender. It could include copies of your:\n\n- passport\n\n- driving licence\n\n- payslips or benefit documents\n\n- utility bills or other documents of an official nature\n\nAll documents should be in your acquired name and gender. The earliest document must be dated before the beginning of the required time.\n\n## Medical reports\n\nFor the standard and alternative application routes you must send a report that includes details of any treatment you\u2019ve had to change your sexual characteristics, for example hormone treatment or surgery.\n\nThe report must be an original copy from a qualified medical professional, for example a:\n\n- doctor registered with the General Medical Council (GMC)\n\n- psychologist registered with the Health and Care Professions Council\n\nYou can ask your GP or surgeon to fill in a report for you if you do not have one already.\n\nIf you have not had any treatment or surgery yet, you must send a report that includes details of any planned treatment or surgery.\n\nIf you are applying by the standard route you must also send a report with details of your gender dysphoria diagnosis.\n\nRead the list of gender dysphoria specialists to find out who can write this report for you. You can send a report from a registered medical professional not on this list if they can prove they work in gender dysphoria.\n\n## Overseas route\n\nIf you\u2019re applying using the overseas route, you must prove that your gender has been legally recognised in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019. Send original or certified copies of the following (if you have them):\n\n- your new birth certificate and old birth certificate\n\n- an amended birth certificate that shows the change of gender\n\n- a court order authorising your change of gender\n\n- a document that\u2019s equivalent to a Gender Recognition Certificate\n\n- an entry in a legal register that proves your acquired gender has been recognised\n\n## What happens next\n\nYour application will be assessed by the Gender Recognition Panel - you\u2019ll be contacted if they need more proof or information.\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel to find out about your application\u2019s progress.\n\n## If you get a full certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent information on:\n\n- how to get a new birth certificate, marriage certificate or civil partnership where appropriate\n\n- who you must tell about your gender change\n\nYour pension and benefits may be affected.\n\n## If you\u2019re given an interim certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent information on:\n\n- how to annul or dissolve your marriage or civil partnership\n\n- how long you have to convert your civil partnership to a marriage, if applicable\n\n## If your application is turned down\n\nYou\u2019ll be told why your application was rejected.\n\nYou may be able to appeal the decision if you think it\u2019s wrong on a point of law.\n\nWhere you appeal depends on whether you live in:\n\n- England and Wales - appeal to the High Court Family Division\n\n- Scotland - appeal to the Court of Session in Edinburgh\n\n- Northern Ireland - appeal to the High Court\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your decision letter how to appeal or apply again.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Gender Recognition Panel must apply the law in the Gender Recognition Act 2004 and the following amendments:\n\n- Schedule 5, Section 12 of the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013\n\n- Part 4 of the Marriage and Civil Partnership (Scotland) Act 2014", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-gender-recognition-certificate", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I married my wife 10 years ago. I now want to legally change my gender and I am applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate.", + "original_question": "Will my marriage's legal status change?" + }, + { + "id": "train-86", + "question": "Scenario: My 76 year old father from Kent has been missing for 5 years now, my sister still thinks there is hope but I do not.\n\nQuestion: Can I get a death certificate for him although my sister does not want too?\n\nDocument - Get a declaration of presumed death:\n## Overview\n\nYou can make a claim for a \u2018declaration of presumed death\u2019 from the High Court if someone you know in England and Wales has been missing for:\n\n- 7 years or more\n\n- less than 7 years and you think they\u2019ve died, for example they went missing during a natural disaster\n\nA missing person is not automatically presumed dead.\n\nYou must make a claim for a declaration of presumed death if you want to do certain things, for example deal with their estate.\n\n## Who can make a claim\n\nYou can make a claim if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:\n\n- spouse or civil partner\n\n- parent\n\n- child\n\n- sibling\n\nIf none of these apply, you\u2019ll need to prove to the court that you have enough of a connection to the missing person (\u2018sufficient interest\u2019), for example you\u2019re a distant relative and you have a birth certificate to prove it.\n\n## What else must be true to make a claim\n\nTo make a claim one or more of the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you treat England or Wales as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date you make the claim\n\n- you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you\u2019ve been living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date you make the claim\n\n- the missing person treated England or Wales as their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date they were last known to be alive\n\n- the missing person was living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date they were last known to be alive\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3528 to get a declaration of presumed death. You may be able to get help paying court fees.\n\n## Make a claim for a declaration of presumed death\n\nYou can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.\n\n- Make your claim.\n\n- Advertise your claim in a newspaper.\n\n- Attend a hearing.\n\n## Make your claim\n\nDownload and fill in a claim form (N208) with details about:\n\n- yourself - known as the \u2018claimant\u2019\n\n- the missing person - known as the \u2018defendant\u2019\n\n- your claim\n\nInclude relevant information about your claim in the section \u2018details of your claim\u2019.\n\nSend the following to a court that can hear High Court cases.\n\n- form N208 - 1 copy for each person named in the form plus a copy for the court\n\n- any supporting evidence, for example statements from witnesses, police reports\n\n- the claim fee of \u00a3528 - make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nThe court will stamp your form with an issue date and keep one copy. You\u2019ll get the other copies back, along with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number.\n\n## Send copies of your claim to other people\n\nSend a copy of form N208 and an acknowledgement of service form within 7 days of the issue date on the form to:\n\n- the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, parents, children and siblings - if none of these are alive send it to the missing person\u2019s nearest relative\n\n- any other person or organisation who might have an interest, for example an insurance company\n\nYou must advertise your application in a newspaper within 7 days.\n\n## Advertise your claim in a newspaper\n\nYou must advertise your application in a newspaper local to the missing person\u2019s last known address.\n\nPlace the advert within 7 days of the issue date stamped on the claim form.\n\n## Use standard text for the advert\n\nUse the following text and make sure you:\n\n- put your case number after the words case number\n\n- replace or delete as appropriate the words in square brackets with the relevant details\n\n## Standard text\n\n\u201cIn the High Court of Justice [Chancery] [Family] Division\n\nCase number.\n\nIn the matter of an application for a declaration of the presumed death of [insert the missing person\u2019s name].\n\nA claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, for a declaration that [insert missing person\u2019s name] whose last known address was [insert missing person\u2019s address] is presumed to be dead. Any person having an interest may apply to the court to intervene in the matter.\n\nIf you wish to apply to the court, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and if possible within 21 days of the date of this notice. Delay may harm your prospects of being able to intervene.\n\n(If the claimant is legally represented) \n [Name of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n [Address of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n (If the claimant is not legally represented) \n [Claimant\u2019s address for service]\u201d\n\n## Send a copy to the court\n\nSend the court a copy of the newspaper page showing the advertisement so it arrives at least 5 days before your court hearing.\n\n## Attend a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll have to attend a hearing about your claim with a High Court judge - this should be within 2 months of making your claim.\n\nBring any relevant documents.\n\nYour claim may be challenged at the hearing if someone gets a copy of the claim form or sees the advert.\n\nAt the hearing you might be:\n\n- asked for more information - the court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need\n\n- told there has to be another hearing - there may be several hearings before a decision is made\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, you\u2019ll get a declaration of presumed death at the hearing or later by letter.\n\n## Get a certificate of presumed death\n\nApply to the General Register Office for a certificate of presumed death.\n\nYou can only do this after you have a declaration of presumed death that is not appealed and the time for appealing against the decision has passed.\n\nYou can usually apply for the certificate 21 days after you get the declaration, unless there\u2019s an appeal or an application for permission to appeal the decision.\n\nThe certificate can be used like a normal death certificate, for example to deal with a missing person\u2019s estate.\n\nIt costs \u00a311.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nContact the Civil Appeals Office to appeal against the High Court\u2019s decision.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nUse the complaints guidance if you\u2019re not happy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-declaration-presumed-death", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My 76 year old father from Kent has been missing for 5 years now, my sister still thinks there is hope but I do not.", + "original_question": "Can I get a death certificate for him although my sister does not want too?" + }, + { + "id": "train-87", + "question": "Scenario: My husband worked on the nuclear submarines in the 1990s. He later got cancer, and sadly died last week. It is thought that the cancer was caused by exposure to nuclear radiation during his service.\n\nQuestion: Can I get a grant to help with the costs of his funeral?\n\nDocument - War Widow(er) Pension:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be entitled to War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension if your wife, husband or civil partner died as a result of their service in Her Majesty\u2019s (HM) Armed Forces or during a time of war.\n\nThey must have served before 6 April 2005, but you may be eligible if they died of an illness or injury later.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nOne of the following must apply. Your husband, wife or civil partner:\n\n- died as result of their service in HM Armed Forces before 6 April 2005\n\n- was a civil defence volunteer or a civilian and their death was a result of the 1939 to 1945 war\n\n- was a merchant seaman, a member of the naval auxiliary services, or a coastguard and their death was a result of an injury or disease they got during a war or because they were a prisoner of war\n\n- died as a result of their service as a member of the Polish Forces under British command during the 1939 to 1945 war, or in the Polish Resettlement Forces\n\n- was getting a War Pensions Constant Attendance Allowance at the time of their death, or would have been had they not been in hospital\n\n- was getting a War Disablement Pension at the 80% rate or higher and was getting Unemployability Supplement\n\nYou may be entitled to a pension if you lived with a partner as husband and wife or as civil partners.\n\n## Illness, injury and death on or after 6 April 2005\n\nIf your partner was injured, developed an illness or died as a result of service on or after 6 April 2005, you can claim through the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nWar Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension is paid at different rates depending on your age and circumstances.\n\nYou do not pay tax on it.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into an account, for example your bank account.\n\n## How to claim\n\nTo claim War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension you can either:\n\n- download a claim form\n\n- phone the Veterans UK helpline and ask for a claim form\n\nSend the completed form to:\n\n## How to appeal\n\nIf you disagree with a decision about your claim you can appeal to an independent Pensions Appeal Tribunal.\n\nBefore you appeal you should:\n\n- ask Veterans UK for more information about how the decision was reached\n\n- ask for the decision to be reconsidered if there are some facts Veterans UK may not have known when they made their decision\n\nIf you\u2019re still unhappy with the outcome contact Veterans UK to let them know that you want to appeal.\n\n## Further information\n\n## Changes in your circumstances\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to get your pension if you marry, form a civil partnership or start living with a partner on or after 1 April 2015.\n\nIf this happened before 1 April 2015, you\u2019ll still get a pension if both:\n\n- your late spouse or civil partner left service before 31 March 1973\n\n- your new relationship started on or after 6 April 2005\n\nOtherwise, your pension would have been stopped.\n\n## If your pension stopped\n\nYou can claim your pension again if:\n\n- you become widowed again\n\n- you divorce or separate\n\n- your civil partner dies\n\n- your civil partnership ends\n\n- you stop living with the person as their partner\n\nMake sure you tell Veterans UK of any changes in your circumstances so you get the right amount of pension.\n\n## Funeral expenses\n\nVeterans UK may be able to pay a grant of up to \u00a32,200 towards a veteran\u2019s funeral if any of the following apply:\n\n- death was due to service before 6 April 2005\n\n- War Pensions Constant Attendance Allowance was being paid or would have been paid if the war pensioner had not been in hospital when they died\n\n- Unemployability Supplement was being paid at the time of death and the War Disablement Pension was assessed at 80% or more\n\nThe payment can be made to the veteran\u2019s widow or widower, next of kin or person paying for the funeral.\n\nYou must make a claim within 3 months of the funeral.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload the claim form. Send the completed form to:", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-widow-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My husband worked on the nuclear submarines in the 1990s. He later got cancer, and sadly died last week. It is thought that the cancer was caused by exposure to nuclear radiation during his service.", + "original_question": "Can I get a grant to help with the costs of his funeral?" + }, + { + "id": "train-91", + "question": "Scenario: I became a deputy for my elderly mother in August 2018; she currently has advanced Alzheimer's. Over the last couple of years I believe I have been over-charged deputyship fees. I will remain a depty for mum until her death. I live in Lincolnshire, she also lives in the same county in a residential care home.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for a deputyship fee refund?\n\nDocument - Claim a deputyship fee refund:\n## Overview\n\nYou might be eligible for a refund if you were overcharged deputyship fees by the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) for England and Wales.\n\nThe refunds are only for deputyship assessments and annual supervisions which took place between 1 April 2008 and 31 March 2015.\n\nThis page is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nTo find out if you\u2019re owed any money and how much you\u2019ll get, you\u2019ll need to make a claim to the OPG.\n\nIf you\u2019re a deputy acting under a current court order, you do not need to apply for a refund. Any overcharged fees will be refunded automatically.\n\nThe deadline for refund claims is 4 October 2022.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nHow much you get will depend on:\n\n- how much you paid and at what rate\n\n- how long you paid for\n\n- whether you have unpaid fees\n\nMost refunds will be less than \u00a3200. You\u2019ll also get 0.5% interest.\n\n## Who can claim\n\nYou can make a claim if you:\n\n- had a deputy previously\n\n- are acting on behalf of someone who had a deputy and has died\n\nThe deputyship must have been active between 1 April 2008 and 31 March 2015.\n\nIf you\u2019re still acting as a deputy, you do not need to apply. Any overcharged fees will be refunded automatically.\n\n## If you had a deputy previously\n\nIf you had a deputy but you now make your own decisions, you can apply for a refund.\n\nYou can also ask your property and financial affairs attorney to make a claim on your behalf.\n\n## If you\u2019re acting on behalf of someone who has died\n\nIf the person who used to have a deputy (the \u2018client\u2019) has died, the executor of the will must claim the refund.\n\nIf there is no executor, an administrator of the estate can apply.\n\nIf there is no estate administrator, a family member can apply.\n\n## What you do with the refund\n\nAny refund received should be divided between the beneficiaries of the client\u2019s estate.\n\nIf the client\u2019s estate has already been settled, you can get help from Citizens Advice or a solicitor to make sure you comply with the law.\n\n## What you'll need to claim\n\nTo claim, you\u2019ll need details of the person who had a deputy (the \u2018client\u2019). This includes their:\n\n- name\n\n- date of birth\n\n- address when the deputyship ended\n\n- date of death (if relevant)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide details of the bank account you\u2019d like the refund to be paid in to (if you do not want to be refunded by cheque).\n\n## Documents you\u2019ll need to provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send proof of your:\n\n- name\n\n- address\n\n- right to apply (if you\u2019re not the client)\n\nYou can send scanned and photocopied documents.\n\nYou can also send original documents. They will be returned to you by post.\n\nYou need to send a different piece of evidence for each type of proof.\n\n## Proof of your name\n\nThis can be:\n\n- current signed passport (copy of the page showing your name and photograph)\n\n- original birth or adoption certificate\n\n- current UK or EEA photocard driver\u2019s licence (not provisional licence)\n\n- full old-style driving licence\n\n- EEA member state identity card or national identity photo card\n\n- benefit book or original notification letter from the benefits agency\n\n## Proof of your address\n\nThis can be:\n\n- utility bill (not a mobile phone bill) from the last 12 months\n\n- current council tax bill\n\n- bank, building society or credit union statement or passbook dated within the last 3 months\n\n- original mortgage statement issued for the last full year\n\n- council or housing association or rent card or tenancy agreement for the current year\n\n## Proof of your right to apply\n\nInclude a copy of:\n\n- grant of probate (executors)\n\n- letters of administration (administrators)\n\n- death certificate (family members)\n\nIf you\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney, you\u2019ll need to provide the lasting power of attorney reference number.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou will need to complete a form and send it with your evidence.\n\n## Claim by email\n\nSend the form and evidence as email attachments to:\n\nDeputyshipFeeRefunds@justice.gov.uk\n\nYou\u2019ll need to attach scanned copies or clear photographs of original documents. The email size limit is 10MB but you can send more than one email.\n\nWrite \u2018Deputyship fee refund application\u2019 as the email subject.\n\n## Claim by post\n\nPost the form and your evidence to:\n\n## Claim by phone\n\nIf you cannot claim by email or fill in the form yourself, contact the helpline. You\u2019ll still need to send evidence.\n\n## After you've claimed\n\nYou\u2019ll be told by email or letter:\n\n- when your application has been received\n\n- if any information is missing\n\n- whether your claim is successful\n\n- the refund amount and when it\u2019ll be paid\n\n- the reasons for any rejection\n\n## When you\u2019ll get the refund\n\nIt can take up to 10 weeks to get a decision and a further 2 weeks to receive the refund.\n\n## If your claim is rejected\n\nYou can appeal by contacting the Refunds Helpline.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deputyship-refund", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I became a deputy for my elderly mother in August 2018; she currently has advanced Alzheimer's. Over the last couple of years I believe I have been over-charged deputyship fees. I will remain a depty for mum until her death. I live in Lincolnshire, she also lives in the same county in a residential care home.", + "original_question": "Can I apply for a deputyship fee refund?" + }, + { + "id": "train-93", + "question": "Scenario: My aunt has appointed me as her next of kin to oversee her finances after suffering from stroke. I want to apply as her tax relief appointee to act on her behalf.\n\nQuestion: Will I be automatically authorised to undertake this role and help her claim tax relief?\n\nDocument - Claiming and dealing with tax credits for someone else:\n## Overview\n\nYou can get permission to deal with someone else\u2019s tax credits. The type of permission you need depends on what you want to do.\n\nYou can:\n\n- contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about someone else\u2019s claim - as an authorised intermediary\n\n- take responsibility for someone else\u2019s tax credit claim when they cannot manage their own affairs - as an appointee\n\n- claim tax credits for both your child and their baby\n\n## Authorisation\n\nYou must be authorised to talk to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about someone else\u2019s tax credits. If you\u2019re not, every time you call that person must first confirm their identity and say they\u2019re happy for you to act for them.\n\n## Get authorised\n\nSend form TC689 to HMRC. This must be signed by the person (or persons if it\u2019s a joint claim) you\u2019re representing.\n\nThe authorisation lasts 12 months unless a different end date is put on the form. It usually takes 2 days to get authorised from when your form is received but can take longer if you send a letter instead of form TC689. Usually, you will not get a letter confirming your authorisation.\n\nMore than one person can be authorised but each one must send a TC689 form.\n\nTax credits will not be paid into your account unless you\u2019re the appointee.\n\n## If you act for a lot of clients\n\nWrite to HMRC to register as an \u2018intermediary organisation\u2019 if you work in the voluntary sector and act for many people.\n\nYou can get urgent authorisation online if you\u2019re an intermediary organisation and you have a completed TC689.\n\nUse form 64-8 to get authorisation if you\u2019re a paid agent. You can then use the Agent Priority Line to contact HMRC.\n\n## Cancel an authorisation\n\nAn authorisation can be cancelled by writing to HMRC.\n\n## Appointees\n\nYou can apply for the right to deal with the tax credits of someone who cannot manage their own affairs, for example because they\u2019re mentally incapable or severely disabled.\n\nThis is called becoming an \u2018appointee\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019re not an appointee if you just help someone complete their claim form.\n\n## Applying to become a tax credit appointee\n\nYou must be over 18 and have a bank account. You do not have to be a relative.\n\nIf you have a tax credit claim form, complete the appointee section explaining why the person cannot complete and sign their form. Then send the form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). They may contact you for more information before deciding whether to make you an appointee or not.\n\nIf you do not have a claim form, contact HMRC.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must:\n\n- sign the tax credit claim form\n\n- renew the tax credits claim\n\n- report any changes which affect how much money the person gets\n\n- tell HMRC if you\u2019re no longer the appointee\n\nAny tax credits the person gets are paid directly into your bank account. If you make a false or misleading statement you may be charged a penalty.\n\nThe claimant is responsible for paying back overpayments. Their tax credits may be reduced or you may be asked to make a direct payment on their behalf.\n\n## Stop being an appointee\n\nWrite to HMRC within 1 month of when you want to stop being the appointee.\n\n## Claim on behalf of your child\n\n## Your child is under 16\n\nIf your child has a baby, you can make the claim for both of them if they live with you. The money will be paid to you.\n\n## Your child is over 16\n\nYour child can make the claim themselves if they\u2019re over 16 and have a baby.\n\nYou can make the claim for them if both the following apply:\n\n- your child and their baby live with you\n\n- your child is in approved education or training\n\nYou must stop claiming tax credits for your child if they start claiming tax credits for themselves. Phone HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to stop claiming tax credits.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-help-with-your-tax-credits-claim", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My aunt has appointed me as her next of kin to oversee her finances after suffering from stroke. I want to apply as her tax relief appointee to act on her behalf.", + "original_question": "Will I be automatically authorised to undertake this role and help her claim tax relief?" + }, + { + "id": "train-94", + "question": "Scenario: My son is currently 13. He had a serious accident when he was younger and as a result of this struggles to walk and sometimes has to use a wheelchair to get around.\n\nQuestion: My child needs a lot of extra support at the moment, will I qualify for the maximum DLA payment?\n\nDocument - Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children:\n## Overview\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) for children may help with the extra costs of looking after a child who:\n\n- is under 16\n\n- has difficulties walking or needs much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability\n\nThey will need to meet all the eligibility requirements.\n\nThe DLA rate is between \u00a323.70 and \u00a3152.15 a week and depends on the level of help the child needs.\n\n## DLA rates for children\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) for children is a tax-free benefit made up of 2 components (parts). The child might qualify for one or both components.\n\n## Care component\n\n| Care component | Weekly rate |\n\n| Lowest | \u00a323.70 |\n\n| Middle | \u00a360.00 |\n\n| Highest | \u00a389.60 |\n\n## Mobility component\n\n| Mobility component | Weekly rate |\n\n| Lower | \u00a323.70 |\n\n| Higher | \u00a362.55 |\n\n## How DLA for children is paid\n\nDLA is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Tuesday.\n\nIf your payment date is on a bank holiday, you will usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Extra help\n\nYou might qualify for Carer\u2019s Allowance if you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for a child who gets the middle or highest care rate of DLA.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nUsually, to qualify for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children the child must:\n\n- be under 16 - anyone over 16 must apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP)\n\n- need extra looking after or have walking dif\ufb01culties\n\n- be in Great Britain, a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland when you claim - there are some exceptions, such as family members of the Armed Forces\n\n- have lived in Great Britain for at least 6 of the last 12 months, if over 3 years old\n\n- be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands\n\n- not be subject to immigration control\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\nThere are some exceptions to these conditions if the child is living in or coming from an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\nYou can claim DLA for children if you\u2019re in or out of work.\n\n## Children under 3\n\nA child under 6 months must have lived in Great Britain for at least 13 weeks.\n\nA child aged between 6 months and 3 years must have lived in Great Britain for at least 26 of the last 156 weeks.\n\nThe rules on residence do not normally apply if a child is terminally ill.\n\n## The child\u2019s disability or health condition\n\nThe child\u2019s disability or health condition must mean at least one of the following apply:\n\n- they need much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability\n\n- they have difficulty getting about\n\nThey must have had these difficulties for at least 3 months and expect them to last for at least 6 months. If they\u2019re terminally ill (that is, not expected to live more than 6 months), they do not need to have had these difficulties for 3 months.\n\n## Care component\n\nThe rate the child gets depends on the level of looking after they need, for example:\n\n- lowest rate - help for some of the day\n\n- middle rate - frequent help or constant supervision during the day, supervision at night or someone to help while they\u2019re on dialysis\n\n- highest rate - help or supervision throughout both day and night, or they\u2019re terminally ill\n\n## Mobility component\n\nThe rate the child gets depends on the level of help they need getting about, for example:\n\n- lowest rate - they can walk but need help and or supervision when outdoors\n\n- highest rate - they cannot walk, can only walk a short distance without severe discomfort, could become very ill if they try to walk or they\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired\n\nThere are also age limits to receiving the mobility component:\n\n- lowest rate - the child must be 5 years or over\n\n- highest rate - the child must be 3 years or over\n\nIf your child is under these ages and you claim DLA for them, you should be sent a claim pack 6 months before they turn 3 and 6 months before they turn 5. You can then apply for the mobility component if you think they\u2019re eligible for it.\n\nIf you have not received any claim packs and you think your child may be entitled to the mobility component, contact the Disability Service Centre.\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nContact the Disability Service Centre as soon as the child\u2019s circumstances change. This can affect how much they get, for example if their disability gets worse or they go abroad for medical treatment.\n\nTheir DLA will not usually be affected if they go:\n\n- into a local authority care home for less than 28 days\n\n- into a hospital\n\n- abroad for less than 13 weeks\n\n- abroad for less than 26 weeks to get medical treatment for a condition which began before they left\n\n## How to claim\n\nTo claim DLA for a child you need to be their parent or look after them as if you\u2019re their parent. This includes step-parents, guardians, grandparents, foster-parents or older brothers or sisters.\n\nTo apply you can either:\n\n- print off and fill in the DLA claim form\n\n- phone the Disability Living Allowance helpline and ask for a printed form\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Disability Living Allowance helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## When you\u2019ll be paid\n\nDLA can be paid from the start of your claim. It cannot be backdated. Your claim will start on the date the form is received or the date you call the enquiry line (if you return the claim pack within 6 weeks).\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision letter about 8 weeks (40 working days) after your form is received. The letter will tell you when you\u2019ll get your first payment.\n\n## If the child is terminally ill\n\nThere are special rules if the child is not expected to live more than 6 months, so they can get DLA more quickly.\n\nPhone the Disability Living Allowance helpline to start your claim. Ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500. They\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## When your child turns 16\n\nYour child will need to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) when they turn 16.\n\n## When they apply for PIP\n\nYour child will get a letter inviting them to apply for PIP. The letter will be sent:\n\n- shortly after their 16th birthday\n\n- when they leave hospital, if they were in hospital on their 16th birthday\n\n- about 20 weeks before their DLA award ends, if they were awarded DLA under the rules for people who are terminally ill\n\nYour child\u2019s DLA payments will stop unless they apply for PIP by the date given in the letter.\n\nIf they apply by the date given in the letter, they\u2019ll continue to receive DLA until their claim is assessed.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disability-living-allowance-children", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My son is currently 13. He had a serious accident when he was younger and as a result of this struggles to walk and sometimes has to use a wheelchair to get around.", + "original_question": "My child needs a lot of extra support at the moment, will I qualify for the maximum DLA payment?" + }, + { + "id": "train-95", + "question": "Scenario: I am 24, live in England with my partner and 5 year old son, and am currently studying for a degree at University. I get undergraduate student finance, and my partner works full time.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for a grant to cover the cost of childcare for my son whilst I attend my course?\n\nDocument - Childcare Grant:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be eligible for help with your childcare costs if you:\n\n- are a full-time higher education student\n\n- have children under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs\n\nThe grant:\n\n- does not have to be paid back\n\n- is paid on top of your other student finance\n\nYou must be eligible for student finance to apply for a Childcare Grant.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get depends on:\n\n- your household income\n\n- the number of children who are dependent on you\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\nYou can get 85% of your childcare costs or a fixed maximum amount, whichever is less.\n\nThe maximum you can get is:\n\n- up to \u00a3179.62 a week for 1 child\n\n- up to \u00a3307.95 a week for 2 or more children\n\nYou have to pay for any remaining costs.\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nYou can get 85% of your childcare costs or a fixed maximum amount, whichever is less.\n\nThe maximum you can get is:\n\n- up to \u00a3174.22 a week for 1 child\n\n- up to \u00a3298.69 a week for 2 or more children\n\nYou have to pay for any remaining costs.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYour grant will be paid into a Childcare Grant Payment Service (CCGPS) account. You\u2019ll get an email telling you how to set one up.\n\nYour childcare provider will send requests for payment to the CCGPS, which you can approve through your account. Your provider will be paid directly from the money in your account.\n\nAny money that\u2019s left over at the end of the academic year will be returned to Student Finance England.\n\nIncome-related, unemployment and housing benefits are not affected by a Childcare Grant.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo qualify for a Childcare Grant all the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a full-time student\n\n- your child must be under 15, or under 17 if they have special educational needs\n\n- you get undergraduate student finance based on your household income, or are eligible to\n\n- you\u2019re not getting a Postgraduate Loan\n\n- you\u2019re a permanent resident in England\n\n- the children in your grant application are financially dependent on you\n\n- your childcare provider is on the Ofsted Early Years Register or General Childcare Register - check with your provider\n\n- if your child is cared for at home, the carer cannot be a relative and must be registered with an appropriate body - check with Student Finance England\n\n- neither you or your partner are claiming Tax-Free Childcare, the childcare element of working Tax Credit or Universal Credit\n\n- neither you or your partner receive help with childcare costs from the National Health Service (NHS)\n\nChildcare Grant isn\u2019t the same as 15 or 30 hours free childcare. You can\u2019t use it to pay for those hours.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply for a Childcare Grant follow these steps:\n\n- Apply online as part of your main student finance application.\n\n- Send in evidence. You\u2019ll be told what evidence you need to provide when you apply.\n\n- You\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how much Childcare Grant you\u2019ll get.\n\n- Create an online account with the Childcare Grant Payment Service (CCGPS). You\u2019ll get an email telling you how to set one up. Your grant will be paid into this account.\n\nUse the paper form instead if you:\n\n- have already applied for student finance but didn\u2019t apply for a childcare grant at the same time\n\n- want to apply for another child\n\nYou can download the form from the student finance form finder.\n\nUse your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/childcare-grant", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 24, live in England with my partner and 5 year old son, and am currently studying for a degree at University. I get undergraduate student finance, and my partner works full time.", + "original_question": "Can I apply for a grant to cover the cost of childcare for my son whilst I attend my course?" + }, + { + "id": "train-96", + "question": "Scenario: My husband and I are both retired and on a low income, so we get pension credit. However, we had some savings so we also get savings credit.\n\nQuestion: Are we eligible for the warm home discount even though we receive savings credit?\n\nDocument - Warm Home Discount Scheme:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get \u00a3140 off your electricity bill for winter 2021 to 2022 under the Warm Home Discount Scheme. The scheme opens on 18 October 2021.\n\nThe money is not paid to you - it\u2019s a one-off discount on your electricity bill, between October and March.\n\nYou may be able to get the discount on your gas bill instead if your supplier provides you with both gas and electricity. Contact your supplier to find out.\n\nThe discount will not affect your Cold Weather Payment or Winter Fuel Payment.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThere are 2 ways to qualify for the Warm Home Discount Scheme:\n\n- you get the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit - known as the \u2018core group\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re on a low income and meet your energy supplier\u2019s criteria for the scheme - known as the \u2018broader group\u2019\n\nHow you apply for the Warm Home Discount Scheme depends on how you qualify for the discount.\n\n## Pre-pay or pay-as-you-go meters\n\nYou can still qualify for the discount if you use a pre-pay or pay-as-you-go electricity meter.\n\nYour electricity supplier can tell you how you\u2019ll get the discount if you\u2019re eligible, for example a voucher you can use to top up your meter.\n\n## Park (mobile) homes\n\nYou apply a different way if you live in a park home.\n\nPark home applications for winter 2021 to 2022 will open in autumn 2021.\n\nFill in the Park Homes Warm Home Discount contact form to be told when the scheme reopens.\n\nContact Charis Grants for more information about the scheme.\n\n## If you get the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit\n\nYou qualify for the discount if on 4 July 2021 all of the following apply:\n\n- your energy supplier is part of the scheme\n\n- your name (or your partner\u2019s) is on the bill\n\n- you or your partner are getting the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit (even if you get Savings Credit as well)\n\nThis is known as being in the \u2018core group\u2019.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll receive a letter between October and December 2021 telling you how to get the discount if you qualify.\n\nYour letter will say if you need to call a helpline by 28 February 2022 to confirm your details.\n\nYour electricity supplier will apply the discount to your bill by 31 March 2022.\n\n## If you do not get a letter\n\nContact the Warm Home Discount helpline if you do not get the letter by 31 December and you think you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019.\n\nDo not contact the Warm Home Discount helpline if you\u2019re not eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible to apply another way.\n\n## If you\u2019re on a low income\n\nYou may be able to apply directly to your electricity supplier for help if you do not get the Guarantee Credit element of Pension Credit but:\n\n- your energy supplier is part of the scheme\n\n- you\u2019re on a low income\n\n- you get certain means-tested benefits\n\nThis is known as being in the \u2018broader group\u2019.\n\nTo get the discount you\u2019ll need to stay with your supplier until it\u2019s paid.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour electricity supplier decides who can get the discount.\n\nThe number of discounts suppliers can give is limited. Check with your supplier as early as possible to see if you\u2019re eligible and how to apply.\n\nCheck with them even if you were eligible for a discount last year.\n\nYour electricity supplier will apply the discount to your bill by 31 March 2022.\n\n## Energy suppliers\n\nThe following suppliers were part of the scheme in winter 2020 to 2021:\n\n- Affect Energy \u2013 see Octopus Energy\n\n- Atlantic \u2013 see SSE\n\n- Avro Energy\n\n- Boost\n\n- Bristol Energy - only if you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019\n\n- British Gas\n\n- British Gas Evolve (formerly British Gas X)\n\n- Bulb Energy\n\n- Co-op Energy - see Octopus Energy\n\n- E (Gas and Electricity)\n\n- E.ON\n\n- Ecotricity - only if you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019\n\n- EDF Energy\n\n- Green Energy UK (GEUK) - only if you\u2019re eligible for the \u2018core group\u2019\n\n- Green Network Energy\n\n- Green Star Energy - see Shell Energy\n\n- iSupply Energy - see EDF Energy\n\n- London Power \u2013 see Octopus Energy\n\n- Lumo - see OVO\n\n- M&S Energy \u2013 see Octopus Energy\n\n- npower\n\n- nPower Select - see E.ON Next\n\n- Octopus Energy\n\n- OVO\n\n- Powershop\n\n- Pure Planet\n\n- Qwest Energy - see Octopus Energy\n\n- Roar Power - see Octopus Energy\n\n- Sainsbury\u2019s Energy\n\n- Scottish Hydro \u2013 see SSE\n\n- ScottishPower\n\n- Shell Energy\n\n- So Energy\n\n- Southern Electric \u2013 see SSE\n\n- Spark\n\n- SSE\n\n- Swalec \u2013 see SSE\n\n- Symbio Energy\n\n- Tonik Energy - see ScottishPower\n\n- Utilita\n\n- Utility Point - only if you\u2019re eligible for the core group\n\n- Utility Warehouse", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/the-warm-home-discount-scheme", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My husband and I are both retired and on a low income, so we get pension credit. However, we had some savings so we also get savings credit.", + "original_question": "Are we eligible for the warm home discount even though we receive savings credit?" + }, + { + "id": "train-100", + "question": "Scenario: My brother has not been seen since an earthquake whilst he was on holiday abroad two years ago. He has an estate in the UK I would like to administer for his children.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible for me to declare my brother dead even though he's only been missing two years?\n\nDocument - Get a declaration of presumed death:\n## Overview\n\nYou can make a claim for a \u2018declaration of presumed death\u2019 from the High Court if someone you know in England and Wales has been missing for:\n\n- 7 years or more\n\n- less than 7 years and you think they\u2019ve died, for example they went missing during a natural disaster\n\nA missing person is not automatically presumed dead.\n\nYou must make a claim for a declaration of presumed death if you want to do certain things, for example deal with their estate.\n\n## Who can make a claim\n\nYou can make a claim if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:\n\n- spouse or civil partner\n\n- parent\n\n- child\n\n- sibling\n\nIf none of these apply, you\u2019ll need to prove to the court that you have enough of a connection to the missing person (\u2018sufficient interest\u2019), for example you\u2019re a distant relative and you have a birth certificate to prove it.\n\n## What else must be true to make a claim\n\nTo make a claim one or more of the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you treat England or Wales as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date you make the claim\n\n- you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you\u2019ve been living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date you make the claim\n\n- the missing person treated England or Wales as their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date they were last known to be alive\n\n- the missing person was living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date they were last known to be alive\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3528 to get a declaration of presumed death. You may be able to get help paying court fees.\n\n## Make a claim for a declaration of presumed death\n\nYou can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.\n\n- Make your claim.\n\n- Advertise your claim in a newspaper.\n\n- Attend a hearing.\n\n## Make your claim\n\nDownload and fill in a claim form (N208) with details about:\n\n- yourself - known as the \u2018claimant\u2019\n\n- the missing person - known as the \u2018defendant\u2019\n\n- your claim\n\nInclude relevant information about your claim in the section \u2018details of your claim\u2019.\n\nSend the following to a court that can hear High Court cases.\n\n- form N208 - 1 copy for each person named in the form plus a copy for the court\n\n- any supporting evidence, for example statements from witnesses, police reports\n\n- the claim fee of \u00a3528 - make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nThe court will stamp your form with an issue date and keep one copy. You\u2019ll get the other copies back, along with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number.\n\n## Send copies of your claim to other people\n\nSend a copy of form N208 and an acknowledgement of service form within 7 days of the issue date on the form to:\n\n- the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, parents, children and siblings - if none of these are alive send it to the missing person\u2019s nearest relative\n\n- any other person or organisation who might have an interest, for example an insurance company\n\nYou must advertise your application in a newspaper within 7 days.\n\n## Advertise your claim in a newspaper\n\nYou must advertise your application in a newspaper local to the missing person\u2019s last known address.\n\nPlace the advert within 7 days of the issue date stamped on the claim form.\n\n## Use standard text for the advert\n\nUse the following text and make sure you:\n\n- put your case number after the words case number\n\n- replace or delete as appropriate the words in square brackets with the relevant details\n\n## Standard text\n\n\u201cIn the High Court of Justice [Chancery] [Family] Division\n\nCase number.\n\nIn the matter of an application for a declaration of the presumed death of [insert the missing person\u2019s name].\n\nA claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, for a declaration that [insert missing person\u2019s name] whose last known address was [insert missing person\u2019s address] is presumed to be dead. Any person having an interest may apply to the court to intervene in the matter.\n\nIf you wish to apply to the court, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and if possible within 21 days of the date of this notice. Delay may harm your prospects of being able to intervene.\n\n(If the claimant is legally represented) \n [Name of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n [Address of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n (If the claimant is not legally represented) \n [Claimant\u2019s address for service]\u201d\n\n## Send a copy to the court\n\nSend the court a copy of the newspaper page showing the advertisement so it arrives at least 5 days before your court hearing.\n\n## Attend a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll have to attend a hearing about your claim with a High Court judge - this should be within 2 months of making your claim.\n\nBring any relevant documents.\n\nYour claim may be challenged at the hearing if someone gets a copy of the claim form or sees the advert.\n\nAt the hearing you might be:\n\n- asked for more information - the court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need\n\n- told there has to be another hearing - there may be several hearings before a decision is made\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, you\u2019ll get a declaration of presumed death at the hearing or later by letter.\n\n## Get a certificate of presumed death\n\nApply to the General Register Office for a certificate of presumed death.\n\nYou can only do this after you have a declaration of presumed death that is not appealed and the time for appealing against the decision has passed.\n\nYou can usually apply for the certificate 21 days after you get the declaration, unless there\u2019s an appeal or an application for permission to appeal the decision.\n\nThe certificate can be used like a normal death certificate, for example to deal with a missing person\u2019s estate.\n\nIt costs \u00a311.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nContact the Civil Appeals Office to appeal against the High Court\u2019s decision.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nUse the complaints guidance if you\u2019re not happy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-declaration-presumed-death", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother has not been seen since an earthquake whilst he was on holiday abroad two years ago. He has an estate in the UK I would like to administer for his children.", + "original_question": "Is it possible for me to declare my brother dead even though he's only been missing two years?" + }, + { + "id": "train-101", + "question": "Scenario: My dad has bipolar disorder and I have to care for him. This usually takes around 25 hours per week. I have just been on a 6 week holiday where someone else stepped in and did the caring for me.\n\nQuestion: Am I still eligible for the Carers Credit whilst on holiday?\n\nDocument - Carer's Credit:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re caring for someone for at least 20 hours a week.\n\nCarer\u2019s Credit is a National Insurance credit that helps with gaps in your National Insurance record. Your State Pension is based on your National Insurance record.\n\nYour income, savings or investments will not affect eligibility for Carer\u2019s Credit.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for Carer\u2019s Credit, you can get credits to help fill gaps in your National Insurance record.\n\nThis means you can take on caring responsibilities without affecting your ability to qualify for the State Pension.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get Carer\u2019s Credit you must be:\n\n- aged 16 or over\n\n- under State Pension age\n\n- looking after one or more people for at least 20 hours a week\n\nThe person you\u2019re looking after must get one of the following:\n\n- Disability Living Allowance care component at the middle or highest rate\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance\n\n- Personal Independence Payment - daily living component, at the standard or enhanced rate\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\nIf the person you\u2019re caring for does not get one of these benefits, you may still be able to get Carer\u2019s Credit. When you apply, fill in the \u2018Care Certificate\u2019 part of the application form and get a health or social care professional to sign it.\n\nCarers who do not qualify for Carer\u2019s Allowance may qualify for Carer\u2019s Credit.\n\n## Breaks in caring and eligibility\n\nYou can still get Carer\u2019s Credit even if you have breaks from caring (up to 12 weeks in a row).\n\nFor example, you\u2019ll still get Carer\u2019s Credit for 12 weeks if:\n\n- you take a short holiday\n\n- someone you look after goes into hospital\n\n- you go into hospital\n\nKeep the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit updated if you have a break in caring of more than 12 weeks in a row.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou do not need to apply for Carer\u2019s Credit if you:\n\n- get Carer\u2019s Allowance - you\u2019ll automatically get credits\n\n- get Child Benefit for a child under the age of 12 - you\u2019ll automatically get credits\n\n- are a foster carer - you can apply for National Insurance credits instead\n\n## Apply using a form\n\nDownload the Carer\u2019s Credit claim form.\n\nThe form includes a Care Certificate - ask a health or social care professional to sign it for you.\n\nYou can also get the form by calling the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## Where to send your form\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-credit", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My dad has bipolar disorder and I have to care for him. This usually takes around 25 hours per week. I have just been on a 6 week holiday where someone else stepped in and did the caring for me.", + "original_question": "Am I still eligible for the Carers Credit whilst on holiday?" + }, + { + "id": "train-102", + "question": "Scenario: My grandmother own a big property worthy over \u00a31million and her healthy has deteroriated and lost memory. She is now in a nursing home and i am afraid that some of my family members are posing a real threat to change her will . I feel very worried and i want to protect her interests despite her condition.\n\nQuestion: Can i seek a court protection order without informing my other family members?\n\nDocument - Apply for a one-off decision from the Court of Protection:\n## Overview\n\nApply to the Court of Protection if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re concerned about the personal welfare or property and financial affairs of someone who\u2019s lost mental capacity\n\n- you want to get a one-off decision, for example to stop someone visiting a person who\u2019s lost mental capacity in a nursing home\n\nYou can only apply to the court if there\u2019s a major disagreement about a serious decision which cannot be agreed any other way. There are general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.\n\nCheck if someone has an attorney or deputy acting for them before you apply.\n\n## If there\u2019s an immediate risk to the person\n\nApply for an emergency or urgent court order if you think there\u2019s an immediate risk to the person, for example they need emergency medical treatment they cannot consent to.\n\n## If the person needs long-term help\n\nYou may have to apply to become a deputy if the person needs long-term help with decisions about personal welfare or property and financial affairs.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- an application form (COP1) - send the original and 2 copies\n\n- an assessment of capacity form (COP3) - get the person\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to fill in the relevant parts, and send the original and a copy\n\nYou may also need to download and fill in:\n\n- supporting information for property and financial affairs decisions (COP1A) - include any other relevant details by sending a completed witness form (COP24) with your application\n\n- supporting information for personal welfare applications (COP1B) - send the original and a copy\n\nYou must pay \u00a3365 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nSend a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your completed forms.\n\nRead the application form guidance notes (COP1) if you need help.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou must tell:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\n- people connected to the application\n\nTell them after you apply.\n\n## Tell other people you've applied\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms - they\u2019ll be stamped with an issue date.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get a letter from the court telling you what to do next.\n\nYou must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) certain people about the application within 14 days of the issue date.\n\n## Tell the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\nYou or your representative must visit the person and tell them:\n\n- who\u2019s applying to get a one-off decision about their personal welfare or property and financial affairs\n\n- that their ability to make decisions is being questioned\n\n- what the one-off decision would mean for them\n\n- where to get advice if they want to discuss the application\n\nYou must give the person:\n\n- a completed form COP 14 - use the guidance notes to fill it in yourself\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5), so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nThe person can get advice and assistance from the Court of Protection.\n\n## Tell people connected to the application\n\nYou must tell people named on your application that it\u2019s been issued.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirm you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)\n\nYou must confirm you\u2019ve told people within 7 days of sending the forms. Download and fill in both:\n\n- form (COP20A) for the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\n- form (COP20B) for other people named in the application\n\nThese forms are sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019.\n\nYou must send both forms to the Court of Protection at the same time.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll hear from the Court of Protection after you\u2019ve \u2018served notice\u2019 (told other people you\u2019ve applied).\n\nThe court will tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services\n\n- it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to make a decision, and when and where it\u2019ll take place\n\n## If there\u2019s a hearing\n\nYou must attend the hearing. You\u2019ll get a letter with a hearing date (\u2018notice\u2019) if the court decides to have a hearing.\n\nYou must tell the person you\u2019re getting a decision for about the hearing:\n\n- within 14 days of getting the notice\n\n- at least 14 days before the date of the hearing\n\nFill in the notice about proceedings (COP14) and give it to the person you\u2019re getting a decision for. Use the guidance notes if you need help.\n\nThe person can contact the Court of Protection for advice and assistance - you must explain this to them.\n\nSend a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days of when you told the person.\n\nYou must pay \u00a3500 if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nIf there\u2019s a hearing, you\u2019ll get a decision at it or afterwards by post.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision by post if there is not a hearing.\n\n## Challenge a decision\n\nYou can apply to the court for the decision to be reconsidered if it was made without a hearing - use form (COP9).\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nYou must ask for permission to appeal if there was a hearing. Download and fill in the appellants\u2019 notice (COP35).\n\nYou must pay \u00a3230. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oneoff-decision-personal-welfare", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My grandmother own a big property worthy over \u00a31million and her healthy has deteroriated and lost memory. She is now in a nursing home and i am afraid that some of my family members are posing a real threat to change her will . I feel very worried and i want to protect her interests despite her condition.", + "original_question": "Can i seek a court protection order without informing my other family members?" + }, + { + "id": "train-103", + "question": "Scenario: My niece is 19 years old and has a 2 year old baby. She wants to join Bath university for her pharmacy degree but needs support with her baby.\n\nQuestion: Can she qualify for Care to Learn?\n\nDocument - Care to Learn:\n## Overview\n\nThe Care to Learn scheme can help with childcare costs while you study.\n\nYou must be aged under 20 at the start of your course.\n\nThe scheme is available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses in:\n\n- schools\n\n- sixth-forms in schools\n\n- sixth-form colleges\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a3160 per child per week if you live outside London\n\n- \u00a3175 per child per week if you live in London\n\n## What it covers\n\nCare to Learn can help with the cost of:\n\n- your childcare, including deposit and registration fees\n\n- a childcare taster session for up to 5 days\n\n- keeping your childcare place over the summer holidays\n\n- taking your child to their childcare provider\n\n## Payments\n\nChildcare payments go directly to your childcare provider.\n\nBefore they can be paid:\n\n- your childcare provider needs to confirm your child\u2019s attendance\n\n- your school or college needs to confirm that you\u2019re attending your course\n\nTravel payments go direct to your school or college - they\u2019ll either pay you or arrange travel for you.\n\n## When payments stop\n\nPayments end when:\n\n- you stop attending your course\n\n- you reach the end of your course\n\n- your child stops attending childcare\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get Care to Learn if all of the following apply to you:\n\n- you\u2019re a parent under 20 at the start of your course\n\n- you\u2019re the main carer for your child\n\n- you live in England\n\n- you\u2019re either a British citizen or have a legal right to live and study in England\n\n- your course qualifies\n\n- your childcare provider qualifies\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.\n\n## Your course\n\nCare to Learn is only available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses that take place in:\n\n- schools\n\n- sixth-forms in schools\n\n- sixth-form colleges\n\n- other colleges and learning providers, including Foundation Learning\n\n- your community at Children\u2019s Centres\n\nYour learning provider can tell you if your course is eligible.\n\n## Your childcare provider\n\nTo qualify, your childcare provider must be registered with Ofsted.\n\nThey can be a:\n\n- childminder\n\n- preschool playgroup\n\n- day nursery\n\n- out of school club\n\n## Who cannot get Care to Learn\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible if:\n\n- you\u2019re an apprentice who gets a salary\n\n- you\u2019re doing a higher education course at university\n\n## Apply for Care to Learn\n\nYou must choose your learning provider and childcare provider before you apply.\n\nYou need to make a new application for each year you study.\n\nYour childcare provider is paid from the beginning of your course if you apply either:\n\n- before your course starts\n\n- within 28 days of starting your course\n\nIf you apply after that, your childcare provider will only be paid from the beginning of the week that your application was received.\n\nApply online for Care to Learn.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nYou must give your learning provider either:\n\n- a copy of the child\u2019s birth certificate\n\n- a letter confirming receipt of Child Benefit for that child\n\n## If you qualify\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter and a payment plan telling you what financial help you can get.\n\nYour childcare provider will only be paid after you\u2019ve provided this.\n\nYour childcare provider will also get the payment plan to let them know when they\u2019ll be paid.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for travel costs, your learning provider will be told about payments for this.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must report changes to your:\n\n- personal details\n\n- childcare provider\n\n- hours of childcare\n\n- travel costs\n\n- learning provider\n\nYou can do this by updating your online application.\n\n## Benefits\n\nClaiming Care to Learn will not affect your family\u2019s benefits or allowances.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/care-to-learn", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My niece is 19 years old and has a 2 year old baby. She wants to join Bath university for her pharmacy degree but needs support with her baby.", + "original_question": "Can she qualify for Care to Learn?" + }, + { + "id": "train-106", + "question": "Scenario: We are a couple aged 60 and 62, living in England. We own our home outright with no mortgage and would like to gift it to our son and his wife. We will still live there and will pay all the bills connected to the property. My son and his wife would move into annexe.\n\nQuestion: Would we have to pay rent to our son in addition to paying the bills?\n\nDocument - Inheritance Tax:\n## Overview\n\nInheritance Tax is a tax on the estate (the property, money and possessions) of someone who\u2019s died.\n\nThere\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if either:\n\n- the value of your estate is below the \u00a3325,000 threshold\n\n- you leave everything above the \u00a3325,000 threshold to your spouse, civil partner, a charity or a community amateur sports club\n\nIf the estate\u2019s value is below the threshold you\u2019ll still need to report it to HMRC.\n\nIf you give away your home to your children (including adopted, foster or stepchildren) or grandchildren your threshold can increase to \u00a3500,000.\n\nIf you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership and your estate is worth less than your threshold, any unused threshold can be added to your partner\u2019s threshold when you die. This means their threshold can be as much as \u00a31 million.\n\n## Inheritance Tax rates\n\nThe standard Inheritance Tax rate is 40%. It\u2019s only charged on the part of your estate that\u2019s above the threshold.\n\nThe estate can pay Inheritance Tax at a reduced rate of 36% on some assets if you leave 10% or more of the \u2018net value\u2019 to charity in your will.\n\n## Reliefs and exemptions\n\nSome gifts you give while you\u2019re alive may be taxed after your death. Depending on when you gave the gift, \u2018taper relief\u2019 might mean the Inheritance Tax charged on the gift is less than 40%.\n\nOther reliefs, such as Business Relief, allow some assets to be passed on free of Inheritance Tax or with a reduced bill.\n\nContact the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline about Agricultural Relief if your estate includes a farm or woodland.\n\n## Who pays the tax to HMRC\n\nFunds from your estate are used to pay Inheritance Tax to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is done by the person dealing with the estate (called the \u2018executor\u2019, if there\u2019s a will).\n\nYour beneficiaries (the people who inherit your estate) do not normally pay tax on things they inherit. They may have related taxes to pay, for example if they get rental income from a house left to them in a will.\n\nPeople you give gifts to might have to pay Inheritance Tax, but only if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 and die within 7 years.\n\n## Passing on a home\n\nYou can pass a home to your husband, wife or civil partner when you die. There\u2019s no Inheritance Tax to pay if you do this.\n\nIf you leave the home to another person in your will, it counts towards the value of the estate.\n\nIf you own your home (or a share in it) your tax-free threshold can increase to \u00a3500,000 if:\n\n- you leave it to your children (including adopted, foster or stepchildren) or grandchildren\n\n- your estate is worth less than \u00a32 million\n\n## Giving away a home before you die\n\nThere\u2019s normally no Inheritance Tax to pay if you move out and live for another 7 years.\n\nIf you want to continue living in your property after giving it away, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- pay rent to the new owner at the going rate (for similar local rental properties)\n\n- pay your share of the bills\n\n- live there for at least 7 years\n\nYou do not have to pay rent to the new owners if both the following apply:\n\n- you only give away part of your property\n\n- the new owners also live at the property\n\n## If you die within 7 years\n\nIf you die within 7 years of giving away all or part of your property, your home will be treated as a gift and the 7 year rule applies.\n\nCall the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you have questions about giving away a home. They cannot give you advice on how to pay less tax.\n\n## Gifts\n\nThere\u2019s usually no Inheritance Tax to pay on small gifts you make out of your normal income, such as Christmas or birthday presents. These are known as \u2018exempted gifts\u2019.\n\nThere\u2019s also no Inheritance Tax to pay on gifts between spouses or civil partners. You can give them as much as you like during your lifetime, as long as they live in the UK permanently.\n\nOther gifts count towards the value of your estate.\n\nPeople you give gifts to will be charged Inheritance Tax if you give away more than \u00a3325,000 in the 7 years before your death.\n\n## What counts as a gift\n\nA gift can be:\n\n- anything that has a value, such as money, property, possessions\n\n- a loss in value when something\u2019s transferred, for example if you sell your house to your child for less than it\u2019s worth, the difference in value counts as a gift\n\nCall the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## Exempted gifts\n\nYou can give away \u00a33,000 worth of gifts each tax year (6 April to 5 April) without them being added to the value of your estate. This is known as your \u2018annual exemption\u2019.\n\nYou can carry any unused annual exemption forward to the next year - but only for one year.\n\nEach tax year, you can also give away:\n\n- wedding or civil ceremony gifts of up to \u00a31,000 per person (\u00a32,500 for a grandchild or great-grandchild, \u00a35,000 for a child)\n\n- normal gifts out of your income, for example Christmas or birthday presents - you must be able to maintain your standard of living after making the gift\n\n- payments to help with another person\u2019s living costs, such as an elderly relative or a child under 18\n\n- gifts to charities and political parties\n\nYou can use more than one of these exemptions on the same person - for example, you could give your grandchild gifts for her birthday and wedding in the same tax year.\n\n## Small gifts up to \u00a3250\n\nYou can give as many gifts of up to \u00a3250 per person as you want during the tax year as long as you have not used another exemption on the same person.\n\n## The 7 year rule\n\nIf there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay, it\u2019s charged at 40% on gifts given in the 3 years before you die.\n\nGifts made 3 to 7 years before your death are taxed on a sliding scale known as \u2018taper relief\u2019.\n\n| Years between gift and death | Tax paid |\n\n| less than 3 | 40% |\n\n| 3 to 4 | 32% |\n\n| 4 to 5 | 24% |\n\n| 5 to 6 | 16% |\n\n| 6 to 7 | 8% |\n\n| 7 or more | 0% |\n\nGifts are not counted towards the value of your estate after 7 years.\n\n## When someone living outside the UK dies\n\nIf your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad, Inheritance Tax is only paid on your UK assets, for example property or bank accounts you have in the UK.\n\nIt\u2019s not paid on \u2018excluded assets\u2019 like:\n\n- foreign currency accounts with a bank or the Post Office\n\n- overseas pensions\n\n- holdings in authorised unit trusts and open-ended investment companies\n\nThere are different rules if you have assets in a trust or government gilts, or you\u2019re a member of visiting armed forces.\n\nContact the Inheritance Tax and probate helpline if you\u2019re not sure whether your assets are excluded.\n\n## When you will not count as living abroad\n\nHMRC will treat you as being domiciled in the UK if you either:\n\n- lived in the UK for 15 of the last 20 years\n\n- had your permanent home in the UK at any time in the last 3 years of your life\n\n## Double-taxation treaties\n\nYour executor might be able to reclaim tax through a double-taxation treaty if Inheritance Tax is charged on the same assets by the UK and the country where you lived.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/inheritance-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are a couple aged 60 and 62, living in England. We own our home outright with no mortgage and would like to gift it to our son and his wife. We will still live there and will pay all the bills connected to the property. My son and his wife would move into annexe.", + "original_question": "Would we have to pay rent to our son in addition to paying the bills?" + }, + { + "id": "train-107", + "question": "Scenario: I was getting income support until last month. I have got a full time now and will be joining next week. Also, I want some money to cover my house costs. Previously I was claiming support for mortgage interest.\n\nQuestion: As I am moving to a full time role, will I be eligible to apply for Mortgage Interest Run On?\n\nDocument - Mortgage Interest Run On:\n## Overview\n\nMortgage Interest Run On is extra money you can get towards your housing costs if certain other benefits are stopping because you\u2019re:\n\n- returning to work full-time\n\n- working more hours\n\n- earning more money\n\nYou can get this help for 4 weeks.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible and were getting Support for Mortgage Interest before your work situation changed, you\u2019ll usually continue to get the same amount as you were getting before your benefits stopped.\n\nPayments for your mortgage or loan interest will be paid direct to you instead of to your lender.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can claim Mortgage Interest Run On if you\u2019ve stopped getting income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance, Income Support or income-related Employment and Support Allowance because you\u2019re:\n\n- returning to work full-time\n\n- working more hours\n\n- earning more money\n\nAll of the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve been claiming the benefit continuously for at least 26 weeks\n\n- you expect the work (or more money) to last for 5 weeks or more\n\n- you were entitled to help with your\u00a0housing costs\u00a0before your work started and you\u2019ll still have these costs when you start work\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou don\u2019t need to apply - you should get Mortgage Interest Run On automatically. You just need to let your Jobcentre Plus office know as soon as you\u2019re starting work.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mortgage-interest-run-on", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was getting income support until last month. I have got a full time now and will be joining next week. Also, I want some money to cover my house costs. Previously I was claiming support for mortgage interest.", + "original_question": "As I am moving to a full time role, will I be eligible to apply for Mortgage Interest Run On?" + }, + { + "id": "train-109", + "question": "Scenario: My mother was detained in a psychiatric hospital for treatment after sectioning one month ago. I feel she is well enough now and I want her to be discharged.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for her discharge as her nearest relative?\n\nDocument - Apply to the Mental Health Tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health) if you\u2019re admitted (\u2018detained\u2019) as a patient in a psychiatric hospital (\u2018sectioned\u2019) and want to be discharged.\n\nYou can apply on a patient\u2019s behalf if you\u2019re their:\n\n- legal representative\n\n- \u2018nearest relative\u2019\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nYou can also apply to the tribunal if you want to change:\n\n- a community treatment order\n\n- the conditions placed on your \u2018conditional discharge\u2019 from hospital\n\nThe tribunal deals with cases in England. There are different rules in Wales and rules in Scotland.\n\n## When to apply\n\nWhen you apply depends on how you were admitted - ask your doctor or lawyer (if you have one) if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nThere are deadlines for the first time you apply - you must apply within:\n\n- 14 days if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment (\u2018section 2\u2019)\n\n- 6 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019)\n\nGet legal advice if you\u2019re a \u2018restricted patient\u2019, for example you\u2019ve received an order from the Crown Court or been transferred from prison- the deadlines depend on your situation.\n\n## If you miss the deadline\n\nYou cannot apply to be discharged if you miss the deadline but you may be able to apply again later, for example after a year if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019).\n\nThe tribunal will automatically look at your case again after a certain period of time. This is sometimes known as a \u2018referral\u2019. The period of time depends on your case, for example:\n\n- if it\u2019s been 3 years since the tribunal gave you a hearing\n\n- you\u2019ve not had a hearing in the first 6 months of your detention\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get free legal help if you\u2019re a patient. It does not cost you anything as it\u2019s paid for by legal aid.\n\nFind a legal advisor near you or ask the tribunal to find one for you when you apply.\n\nYou can also get advice from:\n\n- Carers Direct\n\n- the charity Mind\n\n- the charity Rethink\n\n## Apply to the tribunal\n\nDownload and fill in an application to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health). You must include:\n\n- what you\u2019re applying for, for example discharge if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment or treatment\n\n- the patient\u2019s first name, surname and date of birth\n\n- full details of the care coordinator and hospital\n\n- the date of the section or order\n\n- contact details for the \u2018nearest relative\u2019 (if there is one)\n\n- your lawyer\u2019s details (if you have one)\n\n- whether you need an interpreter\n\n## Send the form\n\nPost or email the form to HM Courts and Tribunals Service. The contact details are on the form.\n\nContact the tribunal by phone or email if you have any questions about completing the form. The helpline and email address cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be told when the tribunal has received your application. You\u2019ll get information on your rights to legal representation if you did not include a lawyer\u2019s details in your application.\n\nYour \u2018nearest relative\u2019 will usually be told the date of the hearing - they can attend unless you object. Nearer the time of the hearing you\u2019ll be given copies of reports so that you can check that the information\u2019s correct and work out any questions you want to ask.\n\nThe date of the hearing depends on your situation. You\u2019ll usually get a hearing within:\n\n- 7 days of applying if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment\n\n- 2 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment\n\n- 4 months if you\u2019ve received an order from the Crown Court or been transferred from prison (known as a \u2018restricted patient\u2019)\n\n## Evidence from the tribunal doctor\n\nYou can ask for a pre-hearing examination with the tribunal doctor if you want one.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment, do this in writing when you send your application to the tribunal.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment or you\u2019re a restricted patient, you must do this at least 2 weeks before the hearing.\n\nWrite to:\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your pre-hearing examination may take place by video.\n\nThe tribunal will also ask the hospital for reports from:\n\n- your doctor\n\n- the social work and nursing teams responsible for your care\n\n- the Secretary of State for Justice if you\u2019re a restricted patient (and your social supervisor if you\u2019re living in the community on conditional discharge)\n\n## If you do not want to continue with your application\n\nWrite to the tribunal as soon as possible if you do not want to continue with your application. The tribunal will decide whether to accept your withdrawal.\n\nYou cannot withdraw your case if it was automatically referred to the tribunal, but you do not have to go to the hearing if you do not want to.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\nYou do not have to attend the hearing if you do not want to. You can bring a legal representative and a relative to the hearing if you do go - your representative can arrange for witnesses or experts to attend.\n\nHearings are usually held in private and attended by:\n\n- a judicial panel, made up of a judge, a doctor and a specialist lay member (for example a mental health social worker)\n\n- the patient\n\n- their hospital doctor, ward nurse and social worker\n\n- your legal representative, if you have one\n\nThe doctor, nurse and social worker will give evidence. You can also give evidence, and ask questions.\n\nThe tribunal will also look at:\n\n- your pre-hearing examination from the tribunal doctor, if you had one\n\n- an independent psychiatric report, if your legal representative asked for one\n\nIf you\u2019re a \u2018restricted patient\u2019 and have committed a serious offence against a person, they or their family can ask (or make \u2018representations\u2019) for certain conditions if the tribunal thinks you\u2019re ready for discharge.\n\n## Claim expenses\n\nYou may be able to claim expenses for going to the hearing. This includes money for:\n\n- travel costs\n\n- loss of earnings\n\n- food and drink, if you\u2019re away for more than 5 hours\n\nRead the guidance on claiming expenses.\n\n## The tribunal's decision\n\nThe tribunal usually decides at the end of the hearing on whether you should be discharged - you\u2019ll get the decision on the day, and you\u2019ll usually get full written reasons with 7 days of the hearing.\n\nThe tribunal can:\n\n- order your release (on the same day or at a future date)\n\n- recommend that you\u2019re transferred to a different hospital\n\n- recommend that your doctor considers you for treatment in the community\n\n- recommend that you\u2019re allowed to leave the hospital for periods of time, to see if you\u2019re ready for life in the community\n\nThe tribunal cannot change your treatment, for example medication.\n\n## Appeal\n\nIf you lose your case, you can ask the tribunal:\n\n- to cancel the decision - you must do this within 28 days of getting the written decision\n\n- for permission to appeal to a higher tribunal (the \u2018Upper Tribunal\u2019)\n\n## Ask the tribunal to cancel the decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to get a decision \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled) if you think there\u2019s been a mistake in the process, for example you were not told about the hearing so did not go.\n\nIf the tribunal cancels the decision, you may be able to get a new hearing.\n\nContact Citizens Advice if you need help.\n\n## Appeal to the Upper Tribunal\n\nYou can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you think there was a legal mistake, for example if they:\n\n- did not apply the correct law or wrongly interpreted the law\n\n- did not follow the correct procedures\n\n- had no evidence or not enough evidence to support its decision\n\nFill in the application for permission to appeal - the address is on the form.\n\nAnother judge will look to see if there\u2019s a legal problem with your case and if it needs to be heard again.\n\n## Complain\n\nYou cannot complain about the decision - you can only complain about the tribunal staff and the way the hearing took place.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on:\n\n- Mental Health Act 1983 (as amended by the Mental Health Act 2007)\n\n- Mental Health Act 2007\n\n- Human Rights Act 1998 if the case is about human rights\n\nThe tribunal must follow the Tribunal Procedure (First-Tier Tribunal) (Health, Education And Social Care Chamber) Rules 2008.\n\nDoctors\u2019 statements and reports must be written in line with the practice directions.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mental-health-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My mother was detained in a psychiatric hospital for treatment after sectioning one month ago. I feel she is well enough now and I want her to be discharged.", + "original_question": "Can I apply for her discharge as her nearest relative?" + }, + { + "id": "train-111", + "question": "Scenario: My mother was diagnosed with dementia four years ago, and is currently being cared for in a nursing home. Her former partner, who has a conviction for domestic violence against her, is now requesting to see her \"to make amends\".\n\nQuestion: Given the considerable distress this prospect has caused my mother, can I get an order preventing such visits?\n\nDocument - Apply for a one-off decision from the Court of Protection:\n## Overview\n\nApply to the Court of Protection if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re concerned about the personal welfare or property and financial affairs of someone who\u2019s lost mental capacity\n\n- you want to get a one-off decision, for example to stop someone visiting a person who\u2019s lost mental capacity in a nursing home\n\nYou can only apply to the court if there\u2019s a major disagreement about a serious decision which cannot be agreed any other way. There are general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.\n\nCheck if someone has an attorney or deputy acting for them before you apply.\n\n## If there\u2019s an immediate risk to the person\n\nApply for an emergency or urgent court order if you think there\u2019s an immediate risk to the person, for example they need emergency medical treatment they cannot consent to.\n\n## If the person needs long-term help\n\nYou may have to apply to become a deputy if the person needs long-term help with decisions about personal welfare or property and financial affairs.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- an application form (COP1) - send the original and 2 copies\n\n- an assessment of capacity form (COP3) - get the person\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to fill in the relevant parts, and send the original and a copy\n\nYou may also need to download and fill in:\n\n- supporting information for property and financial affairs decisions (COP1A) - include any other relevant details by sending a completed witness form (COP24) with your application\n\n- supporting information for personal welfare applications (COP1B) - send the original and a copy\n\nYou must pay \u00a3365 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nSend a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your completed forms.\n\nRead the application form guidance notes (COP1) if you need help.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou must tell:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\n- people connected to the application\n\nTell them after you apply.\n\n## Tell other people you've applied\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms - they\u2019ll be stamped with an issue date.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get a letter from the court telling you what to do next.\n\nYou must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) certain people about the application within 14 days of the issue date.\n\n## Tell the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\nYou or your representative must visit the person and tell them:\n\n- who\u2019s applying to get a one-off decision about their personal welfare or property and financial affairs\n\n- that their ability to make decisions is being questioned\n\n- what the one-off decision would mean for them\n\n- where to get advice if they want to discuss the application\n\nYou must give the person:\n\n- a completed form COP 14 - use the guidance notes to fill it in yourself\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5), so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nThe person can get advice and assistance from the Court of Protection.\n\n## Tell people connected to the application\n\nYou must tell people named on your application that it\u2019s been issued.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirm you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)\n\nYou must confirm you\u2019ve told people within 7 days of sending the forms. Download and fill in both:\n\n- form (COP20A) for the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\n- form (COP20B) for other people named in the application\n\nThese forms are sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019.\n\nYou must send both forms to the Court of Protection at the same time.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll hear from the Court of Protection after you\u2019ve \u2018served notice\u2019 (told other people you\u2019ve applied).\n\nThe court will tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services\n\n- it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to make a decision, and when and where it\u2019ll take place\n\n## If there\u2019s a hearing\n\nYou must attend the hearing. You\u2019ll get a letter with a hearing date (\u2018notice\u2019) if the court decides to have a hearing.\n\nYou must tell the person you\u2019re getting a decision for about the hearing:\n\n- within 14 days of getting the notice\n\n- at least 14 days before the date of the hearing\n\nFill in the notice about proceedings (COP14) and give it to the person you\u2019re getting a decision for. Use the guidance notes if you need help.\n\nThe person can contact the Court of Protection for advice and assistance - you must explain this to them.\n\nSend a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days of when you told the person.\n\nYou must pay \u00a3500 if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nIf there\u2019s a hearing, you\u2019ll get a decision at it or afterwards by post.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision by post if there is not a hearing.\n\n## Challenge a decision\n\nYou can apply to the court for the decision to be reconsidered if it was made without a hearing - use form (COP9).\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nYou must ask for permission to appeal if there was a hearing. Download and fill in the appellants\u2019 notice (COP35).\n\nYou must pay \u00a3230. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oneoff-decision-personal-welfare", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My mother was diagnosed with dementia four years ago, and is currently being cared for in a nursing home. Her former partner, who has a conviction for domestic violence against her, is now requesting to see her \"to make amends\".", + "original_question": "Given the considerable distress this prospect has caused my mother, can I get an order preventing such visits?" + }, + { + "id": "train-113", + "question": "Scenario: I'm 54, and 6 months ago I was diagnosed with mesothelioma as a result of asbestos exposure when employed between 2001 and 2005. I've looked into making a civil claim against my former employer, but the company appears to no longer exist and their (former) insurers are also untraceable.\n\nQuestion: Am I still entitled to compensation from the state even if I cannot trace my former employer?\n\nDocument - Diffuse mesothelioma payments:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be able to get a payment if you\u2019ve been diagnosed with the asbestos-related disease, diffuse mesothelioma.\n\nThere are 2 types of payment you can claim for:\n\n- diffuse mesothelioma payments (the \u20182008 scheme\u2019)\n\n- the Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYou can claim DMPS if you cannot find the employer responsible for your contact with asbestos, or their insurer.\n\n## What you'll get\n\n## The 2008 scheme\n\nYou\u2019ll get one payment.\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get depends on how old you were when your disease was diagnosed. For example, if you were 60 when your disease was diagnosed, and you qualify, you\u2019ll get a payment of \u00a344,312.\n\n## Rates\n\n| Age when diagnosed | Payment |\n\n| 37 and under | \u00a394,296 |\n\n| 38 | \u00a392,463 |\n\n| 39 | \u00a390,633 |\n\n| 40 | \u00a388,804 |\n\n| 41 | \u00a386,971 |\n\n| 42 | \u00a385,140 |\n\n| 43 | \u00a384,227 |\n\n| 44 | \u00a383,306 |\n\n| 45 | \u00a382,394 |\n\n| 46 | \u00a381,477 |\n\n| 47 | \u00a380,562 |\n\n| 48 | \u00a378,003 |\n\n| 49 | \u00a375,440 |\n\n| 50 | \u00a372,873 |\n\n| 51 | \u00a370,312 |\n\n| 52 | \u00a367,742 |\n\n| 53 | \u00a365,913 |\n\n| 54 | \u00a364,085 |\n\n| 55 | \u00a362,258 |\n\n| 56 | \u00a360,418 |\n\n| 57 | \u00a358,587 |\n\n| 58 | \u00a353,829 |\n\n| 59 | \u00a349,066 |\n\n| 60 | \u00a344,312 |\n\n| 61 | \u00a339,550 |\n\n| 62 | \u00a334,790 |\n\n| 63 | \u00a331,859 |\n\n| 64 | \u00a328,926 |\n\n| 65 | \u00a326,001 |\n\n| 66 | \u00a323,071 |\n\n| 67 | \u00a320,142 |\n\n| 68 | \u00a319,545 |\n\n| 69 | \u00a318,946 |\n\n| 70 | \u00a318,357 |\n\n| 71 | \u00a317,761 |\n\n| 72 | \u00a317,169 |\n\n| 73 | \u00a316,662 |\n\n| 74 | \u00a316,146 |\n\n| 75 | \u00a315,652 |\n\n| 76 | \u00a315,155 |\n\n| 77 and over | \u00a314,651 |\n\n## Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYour payment will depend on the details of your claim. Read about payment amounts on the DMPS website.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## The 2008 scheme\n\nYou can claim a one-off payment if you:\n\n- are not entitled to a payment under the 1979 Pneumoconiosis Act\n\n- have not been given a payment for the disease from an employer, a civil claim or elsewhere\n\n- are not entitled to compensation from a Ministry of Defence scheme\n\nYou must have been exposed to asbestos in the United Kingdom.\n\nExamples of exposure include:\n\n- you came into contact with asbestos from a relative, for instance by washing their clothes\n\n- you were exposed to asbestos in the environment, for instance you lived near a factory using asbestos\n\n- you were exposed to asbestos while self-employed\n\n- your exposure cannot be specified but it occurred in the United Kingdom\n\nYou must claim within 12 months of diagnosis.\n\n## Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYou may be able to claim if all of the following apply:\n\n- you were diagnosed with diffuse mesothelioma on or after 25 July 2012\n\n- your mesothelioma was caused by exposure to asbestos when working in the UK\n\n- you cannot trace the employer that exposed you to asbestos, or their insurers\n\n- you have not made a civil claim against any employer or insurer\n\n- you have not received damages or a specified payment for mesothelioma and you\u2019re not eligible to a specified payment\n\nYou may also be able to claim if you were the dependant of a sufferer who has died.\n\nYou can claim for DMPS even if you have already claimed from the 2008 scheme or under the 1979 Pneumoconiosis Act. If you\u2019ve already got a payment from the 2008 scheme or the Pneumoconiosis Act, it will be deducted from the amount you get from DMPS.\n\nYou may still be able to claim from the 2008 scheme even if you are unsuccessful in your DMPS claim.\n\nClaims through the DMPS scheme must be made within 3 years of diagnosis.\n\n## Payments for dependants\n\n## The 2008 scheme\n\nYou may be able to claim if you were the dependant of a sufferer who has died. You must claim within 12 months of their death.\n\nContact Barrow Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) Centre to find out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Rates\n\nIf you qualify, you\u2019ll get one payment. The amount will depend on how old the person with mesothelioma was when they died. For example, if they were 60 when they died, and you qualify, you\u2019ll get a payment of \u00a319,182.\n\n| Age of death | Payment |\n\n| 37 and under | \u00a349,073 |\n\n| 38 | \u00a348,018 |\n\n| 39 | \u00a346,965 |\n\n| 40 | \u00a345,913 |\n\n| 41 | \u00a344,860 |\n\n| 42 | \u00a343,808 |\n\n| 43 | \u00a342,800 |\n\n| 44 | \u00a341,784 |\n\n| 45 | \u00a340,783 |\n\n| 46 | \u00a339,777 |\n\n| 47 | \u00a338,772 |\n\n| 48 | \u00a337,536 |\n\n| 49 | \u00a336,297 |\n\n| 50 | \u00a335,063 |\n\n| 51 | \u00a333,831 |\n\n| 52 | \u00a332,596 |\n\n| 53 | \u00a331,583 |\n\n| 54 | \u00a330,580 |\n\n| 55 | \u00a329,573 |\n\n| 56 | \u00a328,559 |\n\n| 57 | \u00a327,555 |\n\n| 58 | \u00a324,768 |\n\n| 59 | \u00a321,971 |\n\n| 60 | \u00a319,182 |\n\n| 61 | \u00a316,389 |\n\n| 62 | \u00a313,593 |\n\n| 63 | \u00a312,795 |\n\n| 64 | \u00a312,003 |\n\n| 65 | \u00a311,191 |\n\n| 66 | \u00a310,392 |\n\n| 67 and over | \u00a38,124 |\n\n## Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYour payment will depend on the details of your claim. Read about payment amounts on the DMPS website.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## The 2008 scheme\n\nFill in a mesothelioma payment claim form and provide medical evidence.\n\nContact Barrow Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) Centre if you cannot print out a form and you need one sent to you.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nContact the Barrow IIDB Centre to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\nYou must claim within 12 months of diagnosis. If you\u2019re a dependant claiming for a sufferer who is now deceased, you must claim within 12 months from the date of their death.\n\n## Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYou can apply online at the DMPS website.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- your full employment history, with evidence - for example, P60s\n\n- evidence of unsuccessful attempts to trace your employer or insurers\n\n- the date of your diagnosis\n\n- evidence of diagnosis\n\n- details of any previous claims\n\n- a witness statement\n\nContact TopMark for more information on the DMPS and how to apply.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for a mandatory review.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the outcome of the mandatory review, you can appeal to to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal. The tribunal is impartial and independent of government.\n\nAppeal to the tribunal within one month of getting the mandatory review decision. If you submit your appeal after a month you\u2019ll have to explain why you did not do it earlier.\n\nDownload and fill in form SSCS6a and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to choose whether you want to go to the tribunal hearing to explain your case. If you do not attend, your appeal will be decided on your appeal form and any supporting evidence.\n\nAfter you submit your appeal, you can provide evidence. Your appeal and the evidence will be discussed at a hearing by a judge and one or two experts. The judge will then make a decision.\n\nIt usually takes around 6 months for your appeal to be heard by the tribunal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/diffuse-mesothelioma-payment", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I'm 54, and 6 months ago I was diagnosed with mesothelioma as a result of asbestos exposure when employed between 2001 and 2005. I've looked into making a civil claim against my former employer, but the company appears to no longer exist and their (former) insurers are also untraceable.", + "original_question": "Am I still entitled to compensation from the state even if I cannot trace my former employer?" + }, + { + "id": "train-114", + "question": "Scenario: I am doing a part-time carer job for about 22 hours a week and I also get a property and a share income of \u00a320000 per annum\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible for Carer's Credit ?\n\nDocument - Carer's Credit:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re caring for someone for at least 20 hours a week.\n\nCarer\u2019s Credit is a National Insurance credit that helps with gaps in your National Insurance record. Your State Pension is based on your National Insurance record.\n\nYour income, savings or investments will not affect eligibility for Carer\u2019s Credit.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for Carer\u2019s Credit, you can get credits to help fill gaps in your National Insurance record.\n\nThis means you can take on caring responsibilities without affecting your ability to qualify for the State Pension.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get Carer\u2019s Credit you must be:\n\n- aged 16 or over\n\n- under State Pension age\n\n- looking after one or more people for at least 20 hours a week\n\nThe person you\u2019re looking after must get one of the following:\n\n- Disability Living Allowance care component at the middle or highest rate\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance\n\n- Personal Independence Payment - daily living component, at the standard or enhanced rate\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\nIf the person you\u2019re caring for does not get one of these benefits, you may still be able to get Carer\u2019s Credit. When you apply, fill in the \u2018Care Certificate\u2019 part of the application form and get a health or social care professional to sign it.\n\nCarers who do not qualify for Carer\u2019s Allowance may qualify for Carer\u2019s Credit.\n\n## Breaks in caring and eligibility\n\nYou can still get Carer\u2019s Credit even if you have breaks from caring (up to 12 weeks in a row).\n\nFor example, you\u2019ll still get Carer\u2019s Credit for 12 weeks if:\n\n- you take a short holiday\n\n- someone you look after goes into hospital\n\n- you go into hospital\n\nKeep the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit updated if you have a break in caring of more than 12 weeks in a row.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou do not need to apply for Carer\u2019s Credit if you:\n\n- get Carer\u2019s Allowance - you\u2019ll automatically get credits\n\n- get Child Benefit for a child under the age of 12 - you\u2019ll automatically get credits\n\n- are a foster carer - you can apply for National Insurance credits instead\n\n## Apply using a form\n\nDownload the Carer\u2019s Credit claim form.\n\nThe form includes a Care Certificate - ask a health or social care professional to sign it for you.\n\nYou can also get the form by calling the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## Where to send your form\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-credit", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am doing a part-time carer job for about 22 hours a week and I also get a property and a share income of \u00a320000 per annum", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible for Carer's Credit ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-115", + "question": "Scenario: I have a degenerative cognitive disorder and have been told that it will decline to the point where I can not make decisions for myself.\n\nQuestion: Can I appoint my daughter as my attorney even if she does not want to be?\n\nDocument - Make, register or end a lasting power of attorney:\n## Overview\n\nA lasting power of attorney (LPA) is a legal document that lets you (the \u2018donor\u2019) appoint one or more people (known as \u2018attorneys\u2019) to help you make decisions or to make decisions on your behalf.\n\nThis gives you more control over what happens to you if you have an accident or an illness and cannot make your own decisions (you \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019).\n\nYou must be 18 or over and have mental capacity (the ability to make your own decisions) when you make your LPA.\n\nYou do not need to live in the UK or be a British citizen.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere are 2 types of LPA:\n\n- health and welfare\n\n- property and financial affairs\n\nYou can choose to make one type or both.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## How to make a lasting power of attorney\n\n- Choose your attorney (you can have more than one).\n\n- Fill in the forms to appoint them as an attorney.\n\n- Register your LPA with the Office of the Public Guardian (this can take up to 10 weeks).\n\nIt costs \u00a382 to register an LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.\n\nYou can cancel your LPA if you no longer need it or want to make a new one.\n\n## Health and welfare lasting power of attorney\n\nUse this LPA to give an attorney the power to make decisions about things like:\n\n- your daily routine, for example washing, dressing, eating\n\n- medical care\n\n- moving into a care home\n\n- life-sustaining treatment\n\nIt can only be used when you\u2019re unable to make your own decisions.\n\n## Property and financial affairs lasting power of attorney\n\nUse this LPA to give an attorney the power to make decisions about money and property for you, for example:\n\n- managing a bank or building society account\n\n- paying bills\n\n- collecting benefits or a pension\n\n- selling your home\n\nIt can be used as soon as it\u2019s registered, with your permission.\n\n## Help deciding if you should make a lasting power of attorney\n\nContact the Office of the Public Guardian if you need help.\n\n## Choose your attorney\n\nYou can choose one or more people to be your attorney. If you appoint more than one, you must decide whether they\u2019ll make decisions separately or together.\n\n## Who can be your attorney\n\nYour attorney needs to be 18 or over. They could be:\n\n- a relative\n\n- a friend\n\n- a professional, for example a solicitor\n\n- your husband, wife or partner\n\nYou must appoint someone who has the mental capacity to make their own decisions.\n\nYour attorney does not need to live in the UK or be a British citizen.\n\nWhen choosing an attorney, think about:\n\n- how well they look after their own affairs, for example their finances\n\n- how well you know them\n\n- if you trust them to make decisions in your best interests\n\n- how happy they will be to make decisions for you\n\nRead about an attorney\u2019s responsibilities to help you with your decision.\n\nYou cannot choose someone who is subject to a Debt Relief Order or is bankrupt if you\u2019re making a lasting power of attorney (LPA) for property and financial affairs.\n\n## If there\u2019s more than one attorney\n\nIf you\u2019re appointing more than one person, you must decide if they\u2019ll make decisions:\n\n- separately or together - sometimes called \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - which means attorneys can make decisions on their own or with other attorneys\n\n- together - sometimes called \u2018jointly\u2019 - which means all the attorneys have to agree on the decision\n\nYou can also choose to let them make some decisions \u2018jointly\u2019, and others \u2018jointly and severally\u2019.\n\nAttorneys who are appointed jointly must all agree or they cannot make the decision.\n\n## Replacement attorneys\n\nWhen you make your LPA you can nominate other people to replace your attorney or attorneys if at some point they cannot act on your behalf anymore.\n\n## Make a lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can make a lasting power of attorney (LPA) online or using paper forms.\n\nEither way, you need to get other people to sign the forms, including the attorneys and witnesses.\n\nYou can get someone else to use the online service or fill in the paper forms for you, for example a family member, friend or solicitor.\n\nYou must register your LPA or your attorney will not be able to make decisions for you.\n\nIt might take longer to make and register an LPA because of coronavirus (COVID-19). It will be quicker if you make it and pay online.\n\n## Make an LPA online\n\nCreate an account to start your LPA.\n\nYou can:\n\n- get help and guidance at each step\n\n- save your forms and complete them later\n\n- review your answers and fix any mistakes\n\nYou need to print out the forms and sign them when you\u2019ve finished.\n\n## Sign in to your account\n\nSign in to continue making your LPA.\n\n## Use the paper forms\n\nDownload the forms and print them out.\n\n## Signing the forms\n\nYou need to sign the forms before you send them off. They also need to be signed by:\n\n- the attorneys\n\n- witnesses\n\n- a \u2018certificate provider\u2019, who confirms you\u2019re making the LPA by choice and you understand what you\u2019re doing\n\nEveryone must sign the same original document. They cannot sign copies or use digital signatures.\n\n## Who can be a witness or certificate provider\n\nWitnesses and certificate providers must be 18 or over.\n\nAttorneys can witness each other sign, but they cannot:\n\n- witness you sign\n\n- sign as the certificate provider\n\nYou cannot be a witness if you\u2019re the person appointing an attorney.\n\n## Get help\n\nAsk the Office of the Public Guardian about help you can get if you:\n\n- do not have a computer or printer\n\n- want to use the online service but need some help\n\n## Register a lasting power of attorney\n\nWhen you\u2019ve made your lasting power of attorney (LPA), you need to register it with the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG).\n\nIt takes up to 15 weeks to register an LPA if there are no mistakes in the application.\n\nYou can apply to register your LPA yourself if you\u2019re able to make your own decisions.\n\nYour attorney can also register it for you. You\u2019ll be told if they do and you can object to the registration.\n\n## Notify people\n\nBefore you register, send a form to notify people (LP3) to all the \u2018people to notify\u2019 (also called \u2018people to be told\u2019) you listed in the LPA.\n\nThey\u2019ll have 3 weeks to raise any concerns with OPG.\n\nIf you\u2019re using the online service to make an LPA, it will create and fill in the LP3 forms for you.\n\n## How to register\n\nApply to register as soon as you\u2019ve sent forms to notify people.\n\nTo register, you need to sign your completed LPA form and send it to OPG.\n\nIf you create your LPA form using the online service, you will need to print it out to do this.\n\nThe address is also on the form. Make sure you include the original LPA form and the fee.\n\nYou can send a certified copy if you do not have the original form. Write a covering letter to explain why you do not have the original.\n\n## If you made your LPA with an older paper form\n\nYou can register by filling in form LP2 if you made your LPA:\n\n- on forms LPA114 or LPA117 before 1 January 2016\n\n- on forms LP PA or LP PW before 1 April 2011\n\nOtherwise you\u2019ll need to make a new LPA.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt costs \u00a382 to register each LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.\n\nThis means it costs \u00a3164 to register both a property and financial affairs LPA and a health and welfare LPA.\n\nYou can pay by:\n\n- credit or debit card\n\n- cheque\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018Office of the Public Guardian\u2019 and write your name on the back. Send it to OPG with your forms.\n\n## If you make a mistake on your form\n\nDepending on the type of mistake, OPG may let you correct it and apply again within 3 months for \u00a341.\n\n## Get a reduction or exemption\n\nYou can apply for a reduction if you earn less than \u00a312,000. You might also be able to apply for an exemption if you\u2019re on certain benefits, such as Income Support.\n\nDownload and fill in the application form. The form has more information about eligibility.\n\n## Certify a copy of a lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can confirm that a copy of your lasting power of attorney (LPA) is genuine by \u2018certifying\u2019 it if you\u2019re still able to make your own decisions.\n\nYou or your attorney can use a certified copy to register your LPA if you do not have the original form.\n\nYour attorney can also use the certified copy to prove they have permission to make decisions on your behalf, for example to manage your bank account.\n\n## How to certify a copy\n\nWrite the following text on the bottom of every page of the copy:\n\n\u201cI certify this is a true and complete copy of the corresponding page of the original lasting power of attorney.\u201d\n\nOn the final page of the copy, you must also write:\n\n\u201cI certify this is a true and complete copy of the lasting power of attorney.\u201d\n\nYou need to sign and date every page.\n\n## Other ways to certify a copy\n\nCopies of your LPA can also be certified by:\n\n- a solicitor\n\n- a person authorised to carry out notarial activities\n\n## Change your lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can ask the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) to change your lasting power of attorney (LPA) if it\u2019s been registered and you still have mental capacity to make decisions.\n\n## If you want to remove one of your attorneys\n\nYou will need to send OPG a written statement called a \u2018partial deed of revocation\u2019.\n\nIf you want to add another attorney you need to end your LPA and make a new one.\n\nUse the following wording. Replace the words in the square brackets with the relevant details.\n\nPartial deed of revocation\n\n\u201cThis partial deed of revocation is made by [donor\u2019s name] of [donor\u2019s address].\n\n1: I granted a lasting power of attorney for property and financial affairs/health and welfare [delete as appropriate] on [date donor signed the lasting power of attorney] appointing [name of first attorney] of [address of first attorney] and [name of second attorney] of [address of second attorney] to act as my attorney(s).\n\n2: I hereby revoke [attorney\u2019s name that you are revoking] ONLY from the lasting power of attorney and the authority granted to him/her.\n\nSigned and delivered as a deed [donor\u2019s signature]\nDate signed [date] \nWitnessed by [signature of witness] \nFull name of witness [name of witness] \nAddress of witness [address of witness]\u201d\n\n## Where to send a partial deed of revocation\n\nSend the partial deed of revocation to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) with the original LPA document. You must also tell your attorney or attorneys that you\u2019re ending your LPA.\n\n## If your attorney\u2019s details change\n\nYou must write to OPG if one of your attorneys has changed their:\n\n- name - by marriage or deed poll\n\n- address\n\nYou need to provide supporting documents, such as the original marriage certificate, with their new name and address.\n\nDo not make changes to your LPA document itself, as it might become invalid. You must contact OPG to make changes to your LPA.\n\n## If one of your attorneys dies\n\nYou must tell OPG and send them:\n\n- a copy of their death certificate\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- all certified copies of the LPA\n\n- a return address where your documents can be sent back to\n\n## End your lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can end your lasting power of attorney (LPA) yourself - if you have mental capacity to make that decision.\n\nYou need to send the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) both:\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- a written statement called a \u2018deed of revocation\u2019\n\nUse the following wording for the deed of revocation. Replace the words in the square brackets with the relevant details.\n\nDeed of revocation\n\n\u201cThis deed of revocation is made by [your name] of [your address].\n\n1: I granted a lasting power of attorney for property and financial affairs/health and welfare (delete as appropriate) on [date you signed the lasting power of attorney] appointing [name of first attorney] of [address of first attorney] and [name of second attorney] of [address of second attorney] to act as my attorney(s).\n\n2: I revoke the lasting power of attorney and the authority granted by it.\n\nSigned and delivered as a deed [your signature]\nDate signed [date]\nWitnessed by [signature of witness]\nFull name of witness [name of witness]\nAddress of witness [address of witness]\u201d\n\nYou must be able to make your own decisions when you end your LPA.\n\nYou can also complain if you have concerns about your attorney, for example if they\u2019re not carrying out their responsibilities properly.\n\n## Other ways a lasting power of attorney can end\n\nYour LPA may end if your attorney:\n\n- loses the ability to make decisions - \u2018loses mental capacity\u2019\n\n- divorces you or ends your civil partnership if they\u2019re your husband, wife or partner\n\n- becomes bankrupt or they\u2019re subject to a Debt Relief Order (DRO) - if they\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney\n\n- is removed by the Court of Protection\n\n- dies\n\n## If your only attorney dies\n\nYour LPA will end if your attorney dies and you have no replacement attorneys. You must tell OPG and send them:\n\n- a copy of their death certificate\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- all certified copies of the LPA\n\n- a return address where your documents can be sent back to\n\nYour LPA can continue if:\n\n- there are other attorneys who can act \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - but not if they are only allowed to act \u2018jointly\u2019\n\n- there are replacement attorneys\n\n## If you die\n\nYour LPA will end automatically when you die. Your affairs will be looked after by your executors or personal representatives from that point, not your attorney.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/power-of-attorney", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a degenerative cognitive disorder and have been told that it will decline to the point where I can not make decisions for myself.", + "original_question": "Can I appoint my daughter as my attorney even if she does not want to be?" + }, + { + "id": "train-116", + "question": "Scenario: I just moved to my new home and I need help to buy good furniture and white goods. I have spent a lot of money in setting up the home and I need a financial boost.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible for a Budgeting Loan?\n\nDocument - Budgeting Loans:\n## How they work\n\nA Budgeting Loan can help pay for:\n\n- furniture or household items (for example, washing machines or other \u2018white goods\u2019)\n\n- clothes or footwear\n\n- rent in advance\n\n- costs linked to moving house\n\n- maintenance, improvements or security for your home\n\n- travelling costs within the UK\n\n- costs linked to getting a new job\n\n- maternity costs\n\n- funeral costs\n\n- repaying hire purchase loans\n\n- repaying loans taken for the above items\n\nCrisis Loans are not available any more.\n\nYou may be eligible for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on certain benefits for 6 months.\n\nYou only have to pay back the amount you borrow, and repayments are taken automatically from your benefits.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Check if you're eligible\n\nTo get a Budgeting Loan you must have been getting one or more of these benefits for the past 6 months:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\nIf you moved from Universal Credit to Pension Credit, any time spent claiming Universal Credit will count towards the 6 months.\n\nYou cannot get a Budgeting Loan if:\n\n- you are currently claiming Universal Credit - apply for a Budgeting Advance instead\n\n- you\u2019re involved in industrial action (for example, a strike, walkout or lockout)\n\n- you owe more than \u00a31,500 in total for Crisis Loans and Budgeting Loans\n\nIf you live in Northern Ireland, go to Budgeting Loans in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you could get\n\nThe lowest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100. You could get up to:\n\n- \u00a3348 if you\u2019re single\n\n- \u00a3464 if you have a partner\n\n- \u00a3812 if you or your partner claim Child Benefit\n\nHow much you could get depends on whether you:\n\n- can pay the loan back\n\n- have savings of more than \u00a31,000 (\u00a32,000 if you or your partner are 63 or over)\n\n- are paying back an existing Budgeting Loan or Crisis Loan\n\n## Paying back the loan\n\nA Budgeting Loan is interest free so you only pay back what you borrow.\n\nThe repayments will be taken automatically from your benefits. The amount you repay is based on your income - including any benefits you receive - and what you can afford.\n\nAfter you apply for a Budgeting Loan, you\u2019ll get an email, text or letter telling you if you\u2019ve been offered a loan. This explains how much your weekly repayments will be if you accept the loan.\n\nYou normally have to repay the loan within 2 years (104 weeks). If you stop getting benefits, you\u2019ll need to arrange another way to repay.\n\n## Apply\n\nCheck you\u2019re eligible before you apply.\n\nIf you get Universal Credit you cannot get a Budgeting Loan. You\u2019ll need to apply for a Budgeting Advance\u00a0instead.\n\nYou can apply online or using the paper form. It\u2019s quicker to apply online.\n\n## Apply online\n\nWhen you apply online, you can choose to get a decision on your loan by either:\n\n- email\n\n- text message\n\n- letter\n\nIt\u2019s quicker to get the decision by email or text message and accept it online.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to apply for a Budgeting Loan in Northern Ireland.\n\nApply online\n\n## Apply using the paper form\n\nYou will need to fill in form SF500. You can:\n\n- download and print the form\n\n- phone the Social Fund Enquiry Line and ask for a form to be posted to you - allow 7 days for the form to arrive\n\nReturn your completed form by post.\n\n## After you apply\n\nAfter you apply you will be given a decision on your application. You need to accept the decision before you get your money.\n\n## If you apply online\n\nYou\u2019ll find out if you\u2019ve been offered a loan within:\n\n- 7 days if you get the decision by text or email\n\n- 21 days if you get the decision by letter\n\n## If you apply by post\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you if you\u2019ve been offered a loan within 21 days.\n\n## Accepting the loan\n\nHow you accept the loan depends on how you applied.\n\n## Accept online\n\nYou can accept the loan offer online by following the instructions in the text or email.\n\n## Accept by post\n\nYou can accept by signing page 4 of the acceptance letter and returning it in the pre-paid envelope provided. Make sure the reply slip is folded so that the return address is fully visible in the envelope window.\n\nReturn it to the address on the letter. Do not send it to your local Jobcentre Plus office as this may delay getting your loan.\n\n## Getting your money\n\nYou\u2019ll get your money within:\n\n- 7 days of accepting the loan offer online\n\n- 21 days of your loan offer acceptance being received by post\n\nThe money will be paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a text message confirming this has been done.\n\n## Questions about your application\n\nCall the Social Fund Enquiry Line if you have a question about the progress of your application.\n\nYou should wait:\n\n- 14 days before phoning if you applied online\n\n- 21 days before phoning if you applied by post\n\nYour application may not have been processed before then.\n\n## Other help you can get\n\nYou may be able to get other kinds of support, including:\n\n- help from your local council and Jobcentre Plus\n\n- the Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales\n\n- a Crisis Grant or Community Care Grant in Scotland\n\n- Discretionary Support or a Short-term Benefit Advance in Northern Ireland", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/budgeting-help-benefits", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I just moved to my new home and I need help to buy good furniture and white goods. I have spent a lot of money in setting up the home and I need a financial boost.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible for a Budgeting Loan?" + }, + { + "id": "train-117", + "question": "Scenario: I am 19 years old and have just started a degree course at University for a Higher National Diploma. I have Asperger\n\nQuestion: Does my disability entitle me to claim DSA?\n\nDocument - Help if you're a student with a learning difficulty, health problem or disability:\n## Disabled Students' Allowance\n\nDisabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) is support to cover the study-related costs you have because of a mental health problem, long term illness or any other disability.\n\nThis can be on its own or in addition to any student finance you get.\n\nThe type of support and how much you get depends on your individual needs - not your household income.\n\nYou do not need to pay back DSA.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\nUndergraduate and postgraduate students can get up to \u00a325,000 a year for support.\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n| | Specialist equipment allowance | Non-medical helper allowance | General allowance |\n\n| Full-time undergraduate students | Up to \u00a35,849 for the whole course | Up to \u00a323,258 a year | Up to \u00a31,954 a year |\n\n| Part-time undergraduate students | Up to \u00a35,849 for the whole course | Up to \u00a317,443 a year | Up to \u00a31,465 a year |\n\nPostgraduates can get support of up to \u00a320,580 a year.\n\nThese figures are the maximum amounts - most students get less.\n\n## What DSA can pay for\n\nYou can get help with the costs of:\n\n- specialist equipment, for example a computer if you need one because of your disability\n\n- non-medical helpers, for example a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter or specialist note taker\n\n- extra travel to attend your course or placement because of your disability\n\n- other disability-related study support, for example having to print additional copies of documents for proof-reading\n\nDSA does not cover disability-related costs you\u2019d have if you were not attending a course, or costs that any student might have.\n\n## Buying a new computer\n\nYou may get a new computer if you\u2019re assessed as needing one because:\n\n- you do not already have one\n\n- your current one does not meet your study needs\n\nWhen buying a new computer, you\u2019ll need to pay the first \u00a3200.\n\nThe DSA team will send you more information about this after your needs assessment.\n\n## Your \u2018needs assessment\u2019\n\nOnce your eligibility for DSA is confirmed, Student Finance England may ask you to contact an assessment centre to work out what help you need.\n\nThis is known as a needs assessment. Do not book this until Student Finance England asks you to.\n\nThe assessment is paid for through any DSA entitlement you may have.\n\nAfter the assessment, you\u2019ll get a report listing equipment and other support you can get for your course.\n\nDo not buy any equipment until you\u2019ve been assessed - you will not be reimbursed for it.\n\n## How DSA is paid\n\nMoney is paid either into your bank account or directly to the organisation providing the service or equipment.\n\nYou\u2019ll find out how your support will be paid to you after your needs assessment.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) if you live in England and have a disability that affects your ability to study, such as a:\n\n- specific learning difficulty, for example dyslexia or ADHD\n\n- mental health condition, for example anxiety or depression\n\n- physical disability, for example if you have to use crutches, a wheelchair or a special keyboard\n\n- sensory disability, for example if you\u2019re visually impaired, deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\n- long-term health condition, for example cancer, chronic heart disease or HIV\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be an undergraduate or postgraduate student (including Open University or distance learning)\n\n- qualify for student finance from Student Finance England\n\n- be studying on a course that lasts at least a year\n\n## Who is not eligible\n\nYou cannot get DSA from Student Finance England if you\u2019re:\n\n- an EU student who is eligible for fee support only\n\n- eligible for NHS Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances (this is a separate scheme)\n\n- getting equivalent support from another funding source, like from your university or a social work bursary\n\n## Proving you\u2019re eligible\n\nYou will not automatically get DSA - you need proof of your eligibility.\n\n| Condition | Proof |\n\n| Disabilities or long-term health condition | A copy of a report or letter from your doctor or consultant - you can also fill in the disability evidence form (PDF, 65KB) |\n\n| Mental health condition | A copy of a report or letter from your doctor or consultant - you can also fill in the disability evidence form (PDF, 65KB) |\n\n| Specific learning difficulty such as dyslexia | A copy of a \u2018diagnostic assessment\u2019 from a practitioner psychologist or suitably qualified specialist teacher |\n\nYou could get extra help to pay for a new diagnostic assessment.\n\n## Where to send letters or reports from a doctor\n\nYou can send proof of a health condition or learning disability to Student Finance England through your online account - if you have one. You can also send your proof by email or post.\n\n## Your course\n\nYour course must be in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- a Foundation Degree\n\n- a Certificate of Higher Education\n\n- a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)\n\n- a Higher National Certificate (HNC)\n\n- a Higher National Diploma (HND)\n\n- a Postgraduate Certificate of Education (PGCE)\n\n- a postgraduate course\n\n- Initial Teacher Training\n\nCheck with your university or college that your course is recognised.\n\n## Part-time course intensity\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nFor part-time students, your course intensity can affect how much DSA you get.\n\n\u2018Course intensity\u2019 means how long your course takes to complete each year compared to an equivalent full-time course. You can check course intensity with your university or college.\n\nThe rules are different depending on your course.\n\n## Part-time undergraduate courses\n\nYour course cannot be more than 4 times longer than the equivalent full-time course. Your course must last at least a year.\n\n## Part-time postgraduate master\u2019s courses\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for a Postgraduate Loan for a part-time master\u2019s degree, the course must not last more than twice as long as the full-time equivalent.\n\n## How to apply\n\nHow you apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) depends on whether you\u2019re studying full-time or part-time.\n\n## Full-time students\n\n## If you\u2019ve already applied for student finance\n\nSign in to your student finance account to start your DSA application.\n\nThe application for DSA should be on your \u2018to-do list\u2019 if you chose DSA in your application for other support. If it is not, select \u2018change your circumstances\u2019 to apply.\n\nIf you do not have an online account because you applied for student finance by post, fill in a student finance form (form DSA1).\n\n## If you have not applied for student finance\n\nYou can apply for DSA when you apply for student finance online.\n\nIf you do not need student finance, you can fill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to apply just for DSA.\n\nYou cannot apply for student finance online once you\u2019ve applied for DSA.\n\n## Part-time students\n\nFill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to apply for DSA.\n\n## If you\u2019re already getting DSA\n\nFill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to claim back your expenses.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou\u2019ll get confirmation of whether your application is successful within 6 weeks.\n\nIt can take up to 14 weeks to get your DSA support in place as this is done separately.\n\n## Further information\n\nContact the disability adviser at your university or college if you need advice about financial help.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nContact Student Finance England if your circumstances change as this may affect what you\u2019re entitled to. For example, if your condition gets worse you may be able to get extra help.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can ask for an explanation or to have your case reviewed if your application is turned down. Contact Student Finance England for more details.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-students-allowance-dsa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 19 years old and have just started a degree course at University for a Higher National Diploma. I have Asperger", + "original_question": "Does my disability entitle me to claim DSA?" + }, + { + "id": "train-118", + "question": "Scenario: I am 6 months pregnant with my first child and I need money to cater for my health and prepare for my baby arrival.\n\nQuestion: Am I allowed to apply for any form of maternity allowances?\n\nDocument - Sure Start Maternity Grant:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get a one-off payment of \u00a3500 to help towards the costs of having a child. This is known as a Sure Start Maternity Grant.\n\nIf you live in Scotland you cannot get a Sure Start Maternity Grant. You can apply for a Pregnancy and Baby Payment instead.\n\nYou usually qualify for the grant if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting your first child, or you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins) and have children already\n\n- you or your partner already get certain benefits\n\nYou must claim the grant within 11 weeks of the baby\u2019s due date or within 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth.\n\nYou do not have to pay the grant back and it will not affect your other benefits or tax credits.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## What you'll get\n\nA Sure Start Maternity Grant is \u00a3500 and you do not have to pay it back.\n\nYou may not get a grant if you already have children.\n\n## If you already have children under 16\n\nYou can only get a grant if at least one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)\n\n- the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK\n\n| Children under 16 | Grant if you have twins | Grant if you have triplets |\n\n| You have 1 or more (and none of them are from multiple births) | \u00a3500 | \u00a31,000 |\n\n| You\u2019ve already had twins | \u00a30 | \u00a3500 |\n\n| You\u2019ve already had triplets | \u00a30 | \u00a30 |\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nUsually, to qualify for a Sure Start Maternity Grant there must be no other children in your family. You or your partner must also get one of these benefits:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n- Working Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element\n\n- Universal Credit\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re getting a Support for Mortgage Interest loan.\n\nIf you live in Scotland you cannot get a Sure Start Maternity Grant. You can apply for a Pregnancy and Baby Payment instead.\n\n## If you already have children under 16\n\nYou may still be able to get a grant if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)\n\n- the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s (but not your partner\u2019s) and the child was over 12 months old when the arrangement started\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK\n\nYou must claim by the deadline.\n\n## If you\u2019re not giving birth\n\nYou may also be able to get a grant if you\u2019re adopting or becoming a surrogate parent.\n\nThe baby must be less than 1 year old on the date you claim. You must be receiving one of the benefits above and one of the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve become responsible for the baby and you\u2019re not the mother\n\n- the baby has been placed with you for adoption\n\n- you\u2019ve got permission to adopt a baby from abroad\n\n- you\u2019ve got a parental order for a surrogate birth\n\n- you\u2019ve been appointed as guardian\n\n- you\u2019ve an adoption or a residence order\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim from 11 weeks before the week your baby is due. The latest you can claim is 6 months after your baby is born.\n\nIf you\u2019re becoming responsible for a child, you must claim within 6 months of this happening.\n\n## Claim by post\n\n- Print out and fill in the Sure Start Maternity Grant (SF100) claim form.\n\n- Get a health professional such as a doctor or midwife to fill in the statement on page 10 of the form. You can send your form without this statement if necessary to meet the deadline. If you do this, you\u2019ll be contacted about arranging the statement at a later date.\n\n- Post the form to \u2018Freepost DWP SSMG\u2019 - you do not need a postcode or a stamp.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form and postal address if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you if your claim was successful.\n\nIf you get Universal Credit, you will not get a decision on your claim until after your next payment.\n\n## Get help with your claim\n\nCall the Sure Start Maternity Grant helpline.\n\nYou can also contact Jobcentre Plus.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Sure Start Maternity Grant helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/sure-start-maternity-grant", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 6 months pregnant with my first child and I need money to cater for my health and prepare for my baby arrival.", + "original_question": "Am I allowed to apply for any form of maternity allowances?" + }, + { + "id": "train-120", + "question": "Scenario: I am in receipt of Universal Credit for a chronic health condition. I receive PIP but only on the lower level of the daily living component.\n\nQuestion: Can my partner be registered as my carer given that I do not qualify for higher level PIP?\n\nDocument - Carer's Allowance:\n## How it works\n\nYou could get \u00a367.60 a week if you care for someone at least 35 hours a week and they get certain benefits.\n\nYou do not have to be related to, or live with, the person you care for.\n\nYou do not get paid extra if you care for more than one person.\n\nIf someone else also cares for the same person as you, only one of you can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nCarer\u2019s Allowance can affect the other benefits that you and the person you care for get. You have to pay tax on it if your income is over the Personal Allowance.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if you provide care remotely during the coronavirus outbreak. This includes giving emotional support over the phone or online.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYou can choose to be paid weekly in advance or every 4 weeks.\n\nIt will be paid into an account, for example your bank account.\n\n## What else you can get\n\nFor each week you get Carer\u2019s Allowance you\u2019ll automatically get National Insurance credits.\n\nYou may also be able to apply for:\n\n- support from your local council\n\n- a Council Tax Reduction\n\n- Universal Credit if you\u2019re on a low income or out of work\n\n- Pension Credit if you\u2019re over working age\n\n- grants and bursaries to help pay for courses and training\n\n- Income Support (if you get the severe disability premium and you\u2019re on a low income)\n\n- income-based Employment and Support Allowance (if you get the severe disability premium and you cannot work)\n\nIf you live in Scotland and get Carer\u2019s Allowance, you may also get Carer\u2019s Allowance Supplement.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nYou can get more help and advice from:\n\n- Carers UK\n\n- Carers Trust\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- NHS: Carers Direct helpline\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou may be eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance if you, the person you care for and the type of care you provide meets certain criteria.\n\n## The person you care for\n\nThe person you care for must already get one of these benefits:\n\n- Personal Independence Payment - daily living component\n\n- Disability Living Allowance - the middle or highest care rate\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance at or above the normal maximum rate with an Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance at the basic (full day) rate with a War Disablement Pension\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\nIf someone else also cares for the same person as you, only one of you can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## The type of care you provide\n\nYou need to spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone. This can include:\n\n- helping with washing and cooking\n\n- taking the person you care for to a doctor\u2019s appointment\n\n- helping with household tasks, like managing bills and shopping\n\nIf you or the person you care for are affected by coronavirus, you can still claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if you provide care remotely. This includes giving emotional support over the phone or online.\n\n## Your eligibility\n\nAll of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019re 16 or over\n\n- you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone\n\n- you\u2019ve been in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years (this does not apply if you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection status)\n\n- you normally live in England, Scotland or Wales, or you live abroad as a member of the armed forces (you might still be eligible if you\u2019re moving to or already living in an EEA country or Switzerland)\n\n- you\u2019re not in full-time education\n\n- you\u2019re not studying for 21 hours a week or more\n\n- you\u2019re not subject to immigration control\n\n- your earnings are \u00a3128 or less a week after tax, National Insurance and expenses\n\nIf your earnings are sometimes more than \u00a3128 a week you might still be eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance. Your average earnings may be calculated to work out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Calculating your earnings\n\nYour earnings are any income from employment and self-employment after tax, National Insurance and expenses.\n\nExpenses can include:\n\n- 50% of your pension contributions\n\n- equipment you need to do your job, for example specialist clothing\n\n- travel costs between different workplaces that are not paid for by your employer, for example fuel or train fares\n\n- business costs if you\u2019re self-employed, for example a computer you only use for work\n\nIf you pay a carer to look after the disabled person or your children while you work, you can treat care costs that are less than or equal to 50% of your earnings as an expense. The carer must not be your spouse, partner, parent, child or sibling.\n\nPayments that do not count as earnings include:\n\n- money received from an occupational or private pension\n\n- contributions towards your living or accommodation costs from someone you live with (they cannot be a tenant or boarder)\n\n- the first \u00a320 a week and 50% of the rest of any income you make from someone boarding in your home\n\n- a loan or advance payment from your employer\n\n## If you get State Pension\n\nYou cannot get the full amount of both Carer\u2019s Allowance and your State Pension at the same time.\n\nIf your pension is \u00a367.60 a week or more, you will not get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment.\n\nIf your pension is less than \u00a367.60 a week, you\u2019ll get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment to make up the difference.\n\n## If you get Pension Credit\n\nIf your State Pension is more than \u00a367.60 a week, you will not get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment but your Pension Credit payments will increase instead.\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nYou might be eligible for Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re not eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Effect on other benefits\n\nCarer\u2019s Allowance can affect the other benefits that both you and the person you care for get.\n\n## Effect on the benefits of the person you care for\n\nWhen you claim Carer\u2019s Allowance, the person you care for will stop getting:\n\n- a severe disability premium paid with their benefits\n\n- an extra amount for severe disability paid with Pension Credit, if they get one\n\nThey might also stop getting reduced Council Tax. Contact their local council to find out if this affects them.\n\n## Effect on your benefits\n\nWhen you claim Carer\u2019s Allowance your other benefit payments may change, but your total benefit payments will usually either go up or stay the same.\n\nCarer\u2019s Allowance does not count towards the benefit cap.\n\nIf you get Working Tax Credit or Child Tax Credit, you must contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to tell them about your Carer\u2019s Allowance claim.\n\nIf you get Pension Credit, your payments will increase if you\u2019re eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf you delay claiming your State Pension, this could increase the State Pension payments you get when you decide to claim it. You cannot build up extra State Pension during any period you get Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to work out how your other benefits will be affected.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nBefore you apply make sure you have your:\n\n- National Insurance number (if you have a partner you\u2019ll need theirs too)\n\n- bank or building society details (unless you get your State Pension)\n\n- employment details and latest payslip if you\u2019re working\n\n- P45 if you\u2019ve recently finished work\n\n- course details if you\u2019re studying\n\n- details of any expenses, for example pension contributions or the cost of caring for your children or the disabled person while you\u2019re at work\n\nYou also need details of the person you care for. You need their:\n\n- date of birth and address\n\n- National Insurance number if they\u2019re 16 or over\n\n- Disability Living Allowance reference if they\u2019re under 16\n\nYou can backdate your claim by up to 3 months.\n\nApply now\n\n## Other ways to apply\n\nIf you cannot apply online, you can apply by post. The address to send your application to is at the end of the form.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Report a change in circumstances\n\nYou must report changes in your circumstances if you\u2019re claiming or have applied for Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nChanges can include:\n\n- starting a job\n\n- starting or ending full-time education\n\n- changes to your income\n\n- stopping being a carer\n\n- the person you care for no longer getting their disability benefit\n\n- someone else who cares for the same person claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance instead of you\n\n- someone else who cares for the same person claims the carer\u2019s element of Universal Credit\n\n- changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou must tell the Department for Work and Pensions if the person you\u2019re caring for dies.\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## If you temporarily stop providing care for someone\n\nYou can still get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you temporarily stop providing care. This means any period when you spend less than 35 hours a week caring for the other person.\n\nThe person you care for must still receive their disability benefit.\n\nYou must tell DWP if you temporarily stop providing care and:\n\n- you or the person you care for will be in hospital, a nursing home, or respite care for more than 12 weeks\n\n- you stop caring for more than 28 days for any other reason\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## If you\u2019re working\n\nYou can work and get Carer\u2019s Allowance, as long as you spend at least 35 hours in your caring role.\n\nYou can get support for you or the person you care for from your employer, local councils and other organisations.\n\n## Time off for an emergency\n\nYou can ask your employer for time off to deal with an emergency involving someone else who depends on you for care. How much time off you get depends on your situation.\n\nIf you do not qualify for time off, your employer may allow you \u2018compassionate leave\u2019 for emergency situations.\n\n## Flexible working\n\nIf you need to work more flexibly, for example work part-time or work from home, you can request flexible working.\n\nYou do not have to tell your employer about your caring role or give another reason why you need to work more flexibly.\n\n## Respite care or \u2018short break\u2019 care\n\nIf you need someone to help look after the person you care for while you\u2019re at work, you can apply for respite care (also known as \u2018short break\u2019 care).\n\nRespite care options include:\n\n- getting a paid carer or a volunteer to sit with the person you look after for a few hours\n\n- a regular place in a day care centre for the person you care for\n\nYour local council may pay for respite care but you and the person you care for will need an assessment before you can apply.\n\nContact your local authority for information about local support.\n\n## Advice on starting work\n\nIf you need help starting or returning to work, contact your local Jobcentre Plus for help on how to combine work with your caring responsibilities.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am in receipt of Universal Credit for a chronic health condition. I receive PIP but only on the lower level of the daily living component.", + "original_question": "Can my partner be registered as my carer given that I do not qualify for higher level PIP?" + }, + { + "id": "train-121", + "question": "Scenario: I am 52, and the appointed Personal Welfare deputy of my 75 year old father, who has dementia. He also has a Panel Deputy, appointed by the court, to handle his financial affairs. My father's current will divides his estate equally between myself and two siblings; however, my younger brother was recently convicted of an extremely serious criminal offense which would very likely have caused my father to disinherit him.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply to change my father's will, or is this a matter for the deputy handling his financial affairs?\n\nDocument - Make a statutory will on behalf of someone else:\n## Overview\n\nApply to the Court of Protection if you want to make (or change) a will on behalf of someone who cannot do it themselves.\n\nThis may be because, for example:\n\n- they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness\n\n- they have dementia\n\nYou can apply when the person is not able to understand:\n\n- what making or changing a will means\n\n- how much money they have or what property they own\n\n- how making or changing a will might affect the people they know (either those mentioned in the will or those left out)\n\nSomeone who has lost the mental capacity to manage their finances may still have the ability to make a will. A solicitor will usually be able to tell you if they are.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Download, fill in and return the forms with details of the proposed will and supporting documents.\n\n- Tell other people that you\u2019ve applied.\n\n- Attend a hearing if the Court of Protection decides to hold one.\n\n- Sign the will, have it witnessed and send it to the Court of Protection to have it \u2018sealed\u2019.\n\n## Emergency applications\n\nYou can apply to the Court of Protection for an emergency decision on a statutory will if the person you\u2019re applying for only has a short time to live.\n\n## Get legal advice\n\nYou can get legal advice from:\n\n- a solicitor - you\u2019ll have to pay for this\n\n- organisations which give advice for free, for example Citizens Advice Bureau\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the following forms to apply to make a will on behalf of someone, or to make changes to their existing will:\n\n- application form (COP1)\n\n- witness statement (COP24)\n\n- information form (COP1C)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to prove to the Court of Protection that the person is not able to make a will by themselves.\n\nDownload and fill in assessment of capacity form (COP3) - you\u2019ll need to get the person\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to fill in the relevant parts.\n\nSend the completed forms, your supporting documents and payment to the Court of Protection.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include the following information and documents:\n\n- a copy of the person\u2019s current will and any amendments (\u2018codicils\u2019)\n\n- a copy of the proposed new will or codicil\n\n- a copy of any deputyship order\n\n- details of the people who have agreed to deal with the will after the person\u2019s death (\u2018executors\u2019)\n\n- a copy of any registered lasting power of attorney or registered enduring power of attorney\n\n- the person\u2019s family tree\n\n- reasons the person might be expected to provide for people named in the will (\u2018beneficiaries\u2019)\n\n- the person\u2019s address and details about where they\u2019re living, for example care home, hospital\n\nYou must also provide:\n\n- details of the person\u2019s estate and assets\n\n- accounts showing their estimated income and outgoings\n\n- details of any inheritance tax payable in the event of the person\u2019s death\n\n## Acting in the other person\u2019s best interest\n\nDecisions taken on someone\u2019s behalf must always be in their best interest. You must consider:\n\n- what they would do if they were able to make a will themselves\n\n- their beliefs and personal values\n\n- how they\u2019ve acted and made decisions for themselves in the past\n\nRead the Court of Protection practice direction (9E) for more information and an example of a statutory will.\n\n## Fees\n\nAn application for a statutory will costs \u00a3365.\n\nYou may also have to pay:\n\n- \u00a3485 if the court decides to hold a hearing (including telephone hearings)\n\n- solicitor\u2019s fees if a solicitor is appointed by the Official Solicitor to act as the person\u2019s litigation friend\n\n- Counsel\u2019s fees (if there are any)\n\n## How to pay\n\nSend a cheque for \u00a3365 made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your completed forms and supporting documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told when you need to pay any additional costs, for example for court hearings.\n\nYou may be able to claim back any fees you pay from the estate of the person you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## Exemptions and refunds\n\nYou may not have to pay an application or hearing fee, depending on the circumstances of the person you\u2019re applying for, for example they:\n\n- have low (or no) income\n\n- are on certain types of benefit\n\nDownload and fill in the application for a fee remission form and send it the Court of Protection with your application forms. The form contains guidance about exemptions.\n\nThe fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving your application.\n\n## After you apply\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a letter to confirm that your application has been received.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get a stamped copy of your application form and a \u2018directions order\u2019 from the court telling you what to do next.\n\n## The Official Solicitor\n\nThe directions order might tell you to write to the Official Solicitor to tell them about your application. The Official Solicitor makes sure that people who cannot make decisions for themselves have someone to represent them in court cases.\n\n## Tell people named in your application\n\nYour directions order will say who you must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) about your application. This could include the person who the application is about and:\n\n- anyone named in an existing will who would be affected financially, for example they are not a beneficiary in the new will\n\n- anyone who would be expected to benefit if the person were to die without a will (\u2018intestate\u2019), for example family members\n\n- any other people named on your application\n\n- the Official Solicitor\n\nYou must serve both of the following documents within 14 days of the application being issued:\n\n- notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- acknowledgment of service form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about the application and register any objection\n\nYou can serve them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\nYou\u2019ll be given time to reach a decision with the people you\u2019ve served. The Court of Protection may hold a hearing if you cannot.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nThe Court of Protection will tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you have to provide more information, for example further medical reports\n\n- there\u2019ll be a hearing to get more information\n\n## Court hearings\n\nThe Court of Protection will hold a hearing, or hearings, if you have not been able to reach a decision with the people you\u2019ve served.\n\nYou can also get a solicitor to represent you during the hearing.\n\nRead the guidance on what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a hearing fee after the court makes their final decision.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nYou can ask for a decision that was made without a hearing to be reconsidered any time within 21 days of the decision being made.\n\nTo appeal a decision made at a court hearing download and fill in the Appellants Notice Form COP 35.\n\nYou must pay \u00a3320. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nSend the form to the Court of Protection with a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\n## Finalising the will\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a court order confirming that your application has been accepted with a letter telling you what to do next.\n\n## Sign the will\n\nYou must sign 2 copies of the will. Both copies should be signed in your name and in the name of the person the will has been made for. You must also get 2 witnesses (aged 18 or over) to sign them.\n\nThe witnesses must:\n\n- be with you when you sign the will\n\n- sign the will straight after you\n\nSend the 2 signed copies of the statutory will to the Court of Protection.\n\nThe 2 copies will be given the court\u2019s official seal and sent back to you.\n\n## When the person dies\n\nThe statutory will can be handled (\u2018executed\u2019) in the normal way, as if the person had made the will themselves.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-statutory-will", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 52, and the appointed Personal Welfare deputy of my 75 year old father, who has dementia. He also has a Panel Deputy, appointed by the court, to handle his financial affairs. My father's current will divides his estate equally between myself and two siblings; however, my younger brother was recently convicted of an extremely serious criminal offense which would very likely have caused my father to disinherit him.", + "original_question": "Can I apply to change my father's will, or is this a matter for the deputy handling his financial affairs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-122", + "question": "Scenario: I am a landlord and i took a loan to repair my entire home and my tenants are not paying their rents promptly due to covid pandemic . I am now financially struggling.\n\nQuestion: Can i get financial help to cushion my mortgage interest?\n\nDocument - Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI):\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re a homeowner, you might be able to get help towards interest payments on:\n\n- your mortgage\n\n- loans you\u2019ve taken out for certain repairs and improvements to your home\n\nThis help is called Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIt\u2019s paid as a loan, which you\u2019ll need to repay with interest when you sell or transfer ownership of your home (unless you\u2019re moving the loan to another property).\n\nYou usually need to be getting, or treated as getting, a qualifying benefit to get SMI.\n\nThere\u2019s no guarantee that you\u2019ll get SMI for a mortgage or loan you take out.\n\n## What you cannot use SMI for\n\nSMI cannot help you pay:\n\n- the amount you borrowed - only the interest on your mortgage\n\n- anything towards insurance policies you have\n\n- missed mortgage payments (arrears)\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you qualify for Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI), you\u2019ll usually get help paying the interest on up to \u00a3200,000 of your loan or mortgage.\n\nHowever, you can only get up to \u00a3100,000 if either:\n\n- you\u2019re getting Pension Credit\n\n- you started claiming another qualifying benefit before January 2009 and you were below State Pension age at that time\n\nIf you\u2019re already getting SMI and move to Pension Credit within 12 weeks of stopping your other benefits, you\u2019ll still get help with interest on up to \u00a3200,000.\n\nThe interest rate used to calculate the amount of SMI you\u2019ll get is currently 2.09%.\n\n## What you\u2019ll pay back\n\nSMI is paid as a loan. You\u2019ll need to repay the money you get with interest when you sell or transfer ownership of your home (unless you\u2019re moving the loan to another property).\n\nThe interest added to the loan can go up or down, but the rate will not change more than twice a year. The current rate is 0.3%.\n\nIf you want to pay the loan back more quickly, you can also make voluntary repayments. The minimum voluntary repayment is \u00a3100 or the outstanding balance if it\u2019s less than \u00a3100.\n\n## How SMI is paid\n\nSMI is normally paid direct to your lender.\n\nPayments can start either:\n\n- from the date you start getting Pension Credit\n\n- after you\u2019ve received Universal Credit for 9 months in a row, as long as you\u2019re not getting certain income\n\n- after you\u2019ve claimed any other qualifying benefit for 39 weeks in a row\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible for a Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI) loan, you usually need to be getting one of the following qualifying benefits:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Pension Credit\n\nContact the relevant office to check if you\u2019re eligible for SMI.\n\nYou can start getting the loan:\n\n- from the date you start getting Pension Credit\n\n- after you\u2019ve claimed Income Support, income-based JSA or income-based ESA for 39 weeks in a row\n\n- after you\u2019ve received Universal Credit for 9 months in a row, as long as you\u2019re not getting certain income\n\n## If you receive Universal Credit\n\nYou cannot get SMI if you get any of the following income:\n\n- earnings from your job if you\u2019re employed or self-employed\n\n- a tax refund\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Statutory Shared Parental Pay\n\nTo start getting SMI (or get it again if your SMI stopped), you\u2019ll need to stop getting this income and then get Universal Credit for 9 months in a row.\n\n## If your income is too high to get a qualifying benefit\n\nYou might still be able to get SMI if you apply for one of the qualifying benefits but cannot get it because your income is too high. You\u2019ll then be treated as getting the benefit you applied for.\n\nYou will not be treated as getting Universal Credit if you cannot get it because your income is too high.\n\n## How to apply\n\nWhen you apply for a qualifying benefit, you\u2019ll be asked extra questions about your housing costs to find out if you\u2019re eligible for Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI). You might also be sent a form asking for more detailed information.\n\nIf you qualify for SMI, you\u2019ll be offered a loan.\n\nIf you turn down the offer at first, you can still accept it at any time as long as you\u2019re eligible for SMI. The payments to your lender will be backdated to when you were first entitled to the loan. Contact the office that pays your benefit.\n\n## If you already get a qualifying benefit\n\nContact the office that pays your benefit to find out if you could get an SMI loan.\n\nThe payments to your lender will be backdated to when you were first entitled to the loan.\n\nIf you get or have applied for Income Support, income-based JSA or income-related ESA, contact Jobcentre Plus.\n\nIf you get or have applied for Pension Credit, contact the Pension Service.\n\nIf you get or have applied for Universal Credit, contact the Universal Credit helpline.\n\n## Repaying your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll need to repay your SMI loan with interest if you sell or transfer ownership of your home.\n\nThe interest you pay can go up or down, but the rate will not change more than twice a year. The current rate is 0.3%. You\u2019ll be told if this is going to change.\n\n## Selling your home\n\nYou will not be asked to sell your home in order to repay your SMI loan.\n\nIf you sell your home, you\u2019ll repay the SMI loan from what\u2019s left after you pay:\n\n- your mortgage\n\n- any home improvement loans\n\n- any other loans secured against your home\n\nIf you do not have enough left to pay off all of the SMI loan, you will have to pay back what you can. The rest of the loan will be written off.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying a new home\n\nYou may be able to transfer the loan to your new home. Contact DWP Loan Management as soon as you know you intend to move, and before you complete your sale.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give DWP Loan Management your solicitor\u2019s contact details. They will work with your solicitor to arrange for the loan to be moved to your new home.\n\nThe office paying your qualifying benefit will also check you\u2019re still eligible.\n\n## Voluntary repayments\n\nIf you want to pay the loan back more quickly, you can also make voluntary repayments. The minimum voluntary repayment is \u00a3100 or the outstanding balance if it\u2019s less than \u00a3100.\n\n## How to repay\n\nContact DWP Loan Repayment to ask for a \u2018settlement letter\u2019 - this will tell you how much you need to pay.\n\nYou can pay by telephone or online banking using the bank account details in your settlement letter.\n\n## Get other financial help with your housing costs\n\nYou can still get financial help with your housing costs if your Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance is going to stop because you are about to:\n\n- return to work full-time\n\n- work more hours\n\n- earn more money\n\n## Help and support\n\nYou can get free information about housing support from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Money Advice Service\n\n- Shelter", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-for-mortgage-interest", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a landlord and i took a loan to repair my entire home and my tenants are not paying their rents promptly due to covid pandemic . I am now financially struggling.", + "original_question": "Can i get financial help to cushion my mortgage interest?" + }, + { + "id": "train-124", + "question": "Scenario: I was given an estate by my father which is estimated to be around \u00a3500,000. He has died six months back and now I am liable to pay Inheritance Tax\n\nQuestion: Can I make the payment from deceased father's account ?\n\nDocument - Pay your Inheritance Tax bill:\n## Overview\n\nYou must pay Inheritance Tax by the end of the sixth month after the person died.\n\nThere are different due dates if you\u2019re making payments on a trust.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay by the due date.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a payment reference number before you can pay your Inheritance Tax bill.\n\n## Pay from your own bank account\n\nYou can pay from your own bank account or a joint account with the deceased:\n\n- using online or telephone banking\n\n- using CHAPS or Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\nYou currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by cheque because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can claim the money back from the deceased\u2019s estate or the beneficiaries once you get a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.\n\n## Pay from accounts owned by the deceased\n\nYou can pay using the deceased\u2019s:\n\n- bank accounts - including National Savings and Investments (NS&I) accounts\n\n- government stock\n\n## If you do not know how much to pay\n\nYou can make payments before you know the exact amount of Inheritance Tax owed by the deceased person\u2019s estate. These are known as \u2018payments on account\u2019.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nHMRC do not send receipts for each payment you make. They\u2019ll write to tell you when you\u2019ve paid all the Inheritance Tax and interest you owe.\n\nIf you\u2019ve paid through your own bank or building society, check your statement to confirm the payment has left your account.\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020\n\nAsk your bank if your cheque to HMRC has been cashed. If it has not been cashed, you should cancel the cheque and pay HMRC a different way.\n\n## Get a payment reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get an Inheritance Tax reference number from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) at least 3 weeks before you make a payment.\n\nYou can apply for one:\n\n- online (unless you need it for a trust)\n\n- by post - using form IHT422, Application for an Inheritance Tax reference (the address you need is on the form)\n\nDo not use the 15-digit number from the online Inheritance Tax service to report an estate\u2019s value.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking), CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001136 | HMRC Inheritance Tax |\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your Inheritance Tax payment reference number as the payment reference.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB66BARC20114763495590 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Inheritance Tax |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.\n\nYou can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.\n\nPlease complete one of your bank\u2019s paying in slips with the following HMRC bank account details:\n\nSort code 25 61 21\nAccount number 63495590\nAccount name HM Revenue & Customs Inheritance Tax\n\nSome branches might be closed at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite the name of the deceased and your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the letter HMRC sent you.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account, if you pay between Monday and Friday.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can still pay:\n\n- using online or telephone banking\n\n- using CHAPS or Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n## From the deceased's bank account\n\nYou can ask banks, building societies or National Savings & Investments (NS&I) to pay some or all of the Inheritance Tax due from the deceased person\u2019s accounts to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is called the \u2018Direct Payment Scheme\u2019.\n\n- Ask the bank, building society or NS&I to make you a \u2018personal representative\u2019 - each one will do this in a different way. You can do this before you apply for a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is known as confirmation in Scotland.\n\n- Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number.\n\n- Fill in form IHT423 and send it to the bank, building society or NS&I. Send a separate form for each account you want to pay HMRC from.\n\n- Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT 400, Probate Summary form IHT421, (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) and any supplementary pages or supporting documents to HMRC.\n\nWhen the bank, building society or NS&I has made the payment, HMRC will stamp and return Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) so you know the Inheritance Tax has been paid.\n\n## Using British government stock\n\nWrite to Computershare Investor Services, who run the British government stock scheme.\n\nTell them you want to pay Inheritance Tax and how much of the stock you want to use. Enclose a copy of the death certificate and the stock reference number (if you have it).\n\nAt the same time, send HMRC:\n\n- a letter saying how much tax you want to be paid out of the stock\n\n- Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 - you\u2019ll need to put your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the form\n\n- Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland)\n\nHMRC will contact Computershare and ask for the money to be transferred. This could take up to 4 weeks.\n\nDo not pay this way if you need to get probate (known as \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland) quickly. (Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.)\n\n## After the money has been transferred\n\n## In England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nHMRC will send your IHT421 form to the Probate Registry so they can send a grant of representation to you (if you\u2019re handling probate yourself) or to your solicitor.\n\n## In Scotland\n\nHMRC will return your C1 Confirmation form to you so you can apply for confirmation.\n\nIf the amount transferred is not enough to cover the Inheritance Tax you owe, HMRC will write to tell you how much to pay and how to pay it.\n\n## By transferring national heritage property\n\nIn very exceptional cases you may be able to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown.\n\nNational heritage property may include:\n\n- buildings or land of historic, architectural, scenic or scientific interest\n\n- artworks, books and manuscripts or scientific collections of historic, scenic or scientific interest\n\nOffers to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown are dealt with on an individual basis.\n\nContact the HMRC Heritage team for information on making an offer.\n\n## If your offer is accepted\n\nEven if your offer\u2019s accepted, you must first pay all of the Inheritance Tax you owe through other means and have a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.\n\nOnce your property has been transferred HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will repay the Inheritance Tax you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## In yearly instalments\n\nYou can pay your Inheritance Tax on things that may take time to sell in equal annual instalments over 10 years.\n\nYou must say on Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 if you want to pay in instalments.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay interest on your instalments. Use the calculator to work out the interest you\u2019ll need to pay.\n\nYou must pay the tax in full when you\u2019ve sold the deceased\u2019s assets, such as their house or shares.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nThe first instalment is due at the end of the sixth month after the death (for example if they died on 12 January, you\u2019d have to pay by 31 July). This is known as the \u2018due date\u2019. Payments are then due every year on that date.\n\n## Paying early\n\nYou can pay off the full tax and interest at any time. Write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Trusts and Estates asking for a final assessment (you do not have to include payment).\n\n## What you pay interest on\n\nYou will not pay any interest on the first instalment unless you pay late. On each later instalment you must pay interest on both of the following:\n\n- the full outstanding tax balance\n\n- the instalment itself, from the date it\u2019s due to the date of payment (if it\u2019s paid late)\n\n## What you can pay in instalments\n\n## Houses\n\nYou can pay 10% and the interest each year if you decide to keep the house to live in.\n\n## Shares and securities\n\nYou can pay in instalments if the shares or securities allowed the deceased to control more than 50% of a company.\n\n## Unlisted shares and securities\n\nYou can pay in instalments for \u2018unlisted\u2019 shares or securities (ones not traded on a recognised stock exchange) if they\u2019re worth more than \u00a320,000 and either of these apply:\n\n- they represent 10% of the total value of the shares in the company, at the price they were first sold at (known as the \u2018nominal\u2019 value or \u2018face value\u2019)\n\n- they represent 10% of the total value of ordinary shares held in the company, at the price they were first sold at\n\nYou can find the face value of a share and whether it\u2019s an ordinary share on the share certificate.\n\nYou can also pay in instalments if either of these apply:\n\n- at least 20% of the total Inheritance Tax the estate owes is on assets that qualify for payment by instalments\n\n- paying Inheritance Tax on them in one lump sum will cause financial difficulties\n\n## Business run for profit\n\nYou can pay in instalments on the net value of a business, but not its assets.\n\n## Agricultural land and property\n\nThis is rare because most agricultural land and property is exempt from Inheritance Tax.\n\n## Gifts\n\nYou can pay in instalments if there is still Inheritance Tax to pay and you were given:\n\n- buildings\n\n- shares or securities\n\n- part or all of a business\n\nIf the gift was an unlisted share or security, it must still have been unlisted at the time of the death.\n\n## Trusts\n\n- Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number at least 3 weeks before you want to make a payment by filling in Form IHT122.\n\n- Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT100 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n- Pay the Inheritance Tax, either through a bank or building society or by cheque through the post.\n\n## Payment deadlines\n\n## Transfers\n\nYou must pay Inheritance Tax on transfers into a trust or out of a trust (known as \u2018exit charges\u2019) no later than 6 months after the end of the month the transfer was made.\n\n## 10-year anniversary charge\n\nThe 10-year anniversary charge can be paid up to 6 months after the 10th anniversary of the date the trust was set up.\n\n## Pay early to avoid paying interest\n\nYou can make early Inheritance Tax payments before you know the exact amount the estate owes (this is known as a \u2018payment on account\u2019).\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay all the tax the estate owes by the due date. If you will not know how much Inheritance Tax the estate owes by the time the payment is due, a payment on account can help you avoid some of the interest.\n\n## If you overpay\n\nIf you pay more money than the final bill says the estate owes, HMRC will refund the excess after you\u2019ve been given probate (confirmation in Scotland). Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.\n\nHMRC will also pay interest on the amount you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\nTo receive the refund, you\u2019ll need to write to HMRC.\n\nPut \u2018Repayment - further details\u2019 at the top of the letter.\n\nInclude the name, number and sort code of the bank account you want the refund to go to.\n\nThe letter must be signed by the same people who signed forms IHT400 and IHT100 if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying without the help of a solicitor or agent\n\n- the refund is being paid into a different bank account to the one nominated in IHT400 or IHT100\n\nIf you\u2019re an agent acting on behalf of the estate and you\u2019re not asking for the refund to be paid into a different bank account, only put your signature on the letter.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paying-inheritance-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was given an estate by my father which is estimated to be around \u00a3500,000. He has died six months back and now I am liable to pay Inheritance Tax", + "original_question": "Can I make the payment from deceased father's account ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-125", + "question": "Scenario: My kid is 10 years old and got a chance to act in a TV show and promised a salary of \u00a310,000 for six months and my kid is interested in taking as a part-time work\n\nQuestion: Do I have to ask the salary to be paid thru PAYE ?\n\nDocument - Child employment:\n## Minimum ages children can work\n\n## Part-time work\n\nThe youngest age a child can work part-time is 13, except children involved in areas like:\n\n- television\n\n- theatre\n\n- modelling\n\nChildren working in these areas will need a performance licence.\n\n## Full-time work\n\nChildren can only start full-time work once they\u2019ve reached the minimum school leaving age - they can then work up to a maximum of 40 hours a week.\n\nOnce someone reaches 16, you may need to pay them through PAYE.\n\nOnce someone reaches 18, adult employment rights and rules then apply.\n\nIn England, a young person must be in part-time education or training until they\u2019re 18.\n\n## Paying children and young people\n\n## Children under 16\n\nSchool-aged children are not entitled to the National Minimum Wage.\n\nChildren under 16 do not pay National Insurance, so you only need to include them on your payroll if their total income is over their Personal Allowance.\n\n## Once someone reaches 16\n\nYoung workers aged 16 to 17 are entitled to at least \u00a34.62 per hour.\n\nIf you\u2019re a registered employer, you\u2019ll need to record and report their pay as part of running payroll. If they earn more than \u00a3120 a week, you\u2019ll also need to do other regular PAYE tasks like making deductions.\n\nBefore their next payday, collect information from them for PAYE. If they started work for you in the previous tax year, put their start date as 5 April in your payroll software. Record their pay for the current tax year only.\n\nIf you pay any employee over \u00a3120 a week you must be registered as an employer and operate PAYE.\n\n## Performance licences and supervision for children\n\nA child may need a licence if they\u2019re under school leaving age and taking part in:\n\n- films, plays, concerts or other public performances that the audience pays to see, or that take place on licensed premises\n\n- any sporting events or modelling assignments where the child is paid\n\nThe person in charge of running the event must apply to the child\u2019s local council for a child performance licence. Ask the council if you\u2019re not sure you need one.\n\n## Supervision for the child\n\nIf the child will not be with their parent, school teacher or home tutor, they must be supervised by a chaperone approved by the council. Chaperones can apply for approval from the council.\n\nThe normal rules for paying children and restrictions on employment apply to children in performances.\n\n## Restrictions on child employment\n\nThere are several restrictions on when and where children are allowed to work.\n\nChildren are not allowed to work:\n\n- without an employment permit issued by the education department of the local council, if this is required by local bylaws\n\n- in places like a factory or industrial site\n\n- during school hours\n\n- before 7am or after 7pm\n\n- for more than one hour before school (unless local bylaws allow it)\n\n- for more than 4 hours without taking a break of at least 1 hour\n\n- in any work that may be harmful to their health, well-being or education\n\n- without having a 2-week break from any work during the school holidays in each calendar year\n\nThere are also special rules which only apply during term times and school holiday times.\n\n## Term time rules\n\nDuring term time children can only work a maximum of 12 hours a week. This includes:\n\n- a maximum of 2 hours on school days and Sundays\n\n- a maximum of 5 hours on Saturdays for 13 to 14-year-olds, or 8 hours for 15 to 16-year-olds\n\n## School holiday rules\n\nDuring school holidays 13 to 14-year-olds are only allowed to work a maximum of 25 hours a week. This includes:\n\n- a maximum of 5 hours on weekdays and Saturdays\n\n- a maximum of 2 hours on Sunday\n\nDuring school holidays 15 to 16-year-olds can only work a maximum of 35 hours a week. This includes:\n\n- a maximum of 8 hours on weekdays and Saturdays\n\n- a maximum of 2 hours on Sunday\n\n## Local rules on the types of work children can do\n\nLocal bylaws list the jobs that children cannot do. If a job is on this list, a child under the minimum school leaving age cannot do this work.\n\nLocal bylaws may also have other restrictions on working hours, conditions of work and the type of employment.\n\nContact your local council\u2019s education department or education welfare service for more information.\n\n## Local council rules for child employment permits\n\nMost local councils say that businesses intending to employ school-aged children must apply for a child employment permit before they can be employed.\n\nIf a child is working without a child employment permit, there\u2019s a risk that the employer will not be insured against accidents involving the child.\n\nChildren do not need a work permit for work experience arranged by their school.\n\nEmployers should contact their local council\u2019s education department or education welfare service to find out if a child employment permit is needed.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-employment", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My kid is 10 years old and got a chance to act in a TV show and promised a salary of \u00a310,000 for six months and my kid is interested in taking as a part-time work", + "original_question": "Do I have to ask the salary to be paid thru PAYE ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-127", + "question": "Scenario: We got married abroad in Ghana and we were blessed with a baby boy. My work is unstable and my british husband went back to UK without making child mantainance agreements. He has since neglected us and i would like him to pay up for child mantainance.\n\nQuestion: Is there a court order which can obtained to make my husband pay child mantainance?\n\nDocument - Child maintenance if a parent lives abroad:\n## Overview\n\nYou cannot make a new application to the Child Maintenance Service if the child and the parent with the main day-to-day care live abroad.\n\nThere are circumstances where the service can help if the paying parent lives abroad.\n\nYou can make a child maintenance arrangement yourself - if one or both parents live abroad.\n\n## Enforcing a child maintenance decision\n\nYou can ask a court for help if the other parent does not pay any child maintenance they owe you. This is known as taking \u2018enforcement action\u2019.\n\nYou cannot enforce an arrangement you\u2019ve made yourself - you need to make it legally binding first.\n\nYou can also ask the court to change an existing child maintenance decision or make a new one.\n\nHow you enforce, change or make a decision depends on:\n\n- where the other parent lives\n\n- where your original decision was made\n\nThe UK has a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) agreement with a number of other countries. Courts in \u2018REMO countries\u2019 can enforce child maintenance decisions made by UK courts.\n\n## Child maintenance decisions made in Scotland or Northern Ireland\n\nThe process is different if you want to enforce a child maintenance decision that was originally made in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## If the decision was made in Scotland\n\nContact the Scottish government for advice.\n\n## If the decision was made in Northern Ireland\n\nContact the Northern Ireland Central Authority for advice.\n\n## If the other parent lives abroad\n\nHow you get a decision recognised or enforced depends on whether the other parent lives in a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) country. Check the list of REMO countries.\n\nIf the other parent does not live in a REMO country, get legal advice from a solicitor to find out if you can enforce the decision.\n\nIf the other parent does live in a REMO country, contact your nearest Maintenance Enforcement Business Centre (MEBC). They\u2019ll send you an application form.\n\nComplete the form and send it back to your MEBC with any supporting documents. Your documents will be translated if needed. You do not have to pay for this.\n\nTell the MEBC if you do not want the other parent to see certain information about you, such as your address.\n\nThe process is different if you want to enforce a child maintenance decision that was originally made in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Maintenance Enforcement Business Centres\n\n## Greater London\n\n## England\n\n## Wales\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe MEBC will send your completed form and any supporting documents to the REMO Unit.\n\nThe REMO Unit will send your documents to the body responsible for REMO in the relevant country within a month of receiving them. Your documents will then be sent on to the court in that country.\n\nThe process may change from 1 January 2021. The Maintenance Enforcement Business Centre or REMO Unit might tell you to fill in another form so your application can continue after that date. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this.\n\nIt can take several months for the court to decide if your maintenance decision should be enforced.\n\n## If you live abroad\n\nYou can still enforce a child maintenance decision if the other parent lives in the UK but you live in another country.\n\nCheck if you live in a country which can enforce a child maintenance decision made in the UK. This is called a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) country.\n\nIf you live in a REMO country, ask the court where you live to enforce the decision.\n\nIf you do not live in a REMO country, you might still be able to enforce a decision. Get legal advice from a solicitor in the country where you live or in the UK.\n\n## If the other parent works abroad for a British organisation\n\nYou might be able to make a new child maintenance claim instead of enforcing an existing one if the other parent is working abroad for certain British organisations, for example:\n\n- as a civil servant\n\n- for Her Majesty\u2019s Diplomatic Service\n\n- as a member of the Armed Forces\n\n- for a company based and registered in the UK\n\n- for the NHS\n\n- for a local authority\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact Child Maintenance Options to make a new arrangement.\n\nThey\u2019ll talk through the process with you and explain how to apply to the Child Maintenance Service.\n\nThere are different contact details if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou must pay:\n\n- \u00a320 to apply - you do not have to pay this if you\u2019re under 19, a victim of domestic violence or in Northern Ireland\n\n- additional fees for paying and collecting child maintenance if you use the Collect and Pay service\n\nIf you\u2019ve already made a claim, contact the service that deals with your case for advice.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-if-one-parent-lives-abroad", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We got married abroad in Ghana and we were blessed with a baby boy. My work is unstable and my british husband went back to UK without making child mantainance agreements. He has since neglected us and i would like him to pay up for child mantainance.", + "original_question": "Is there a court order which can obtained to make my husband pay child mantainance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-129", + "question": "Scenario: I own a home with a mortgage with my wife. 4 months ago my hours reduced to just 10 hours per week due to coronavirus and I had to start claiming Income Support and Support for Mortgage Interest. Now my hours have increased to 40 per week again.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim Mortgage Interest Run On?\n\nDocument - Mortgage Interest Run On:\n## Overview\n\nMortgage Interest Run On is extra money you can get towards your housing costs if certain other benefits are stopping because you\u2019re:\n\n- returning to work full-time\n\n- working more hours\n\n- earning more money\n\nYou can get this help for 4 weeks.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible and were getting Support for Mortgage Interest before your work situation changed, you\u2019ll usually continue to get the same amount as you were getting before your benefits stopped.\n\nPayments for your mortgage or loan interest will be paid direct to you instead of to your lender.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can claim Mortgage Interest Run On if you\u2019ve stopped getting income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance, Income Support or income-related Employment and Support Allowance because you\u2019re:\n\n- returning to work full-time\n\n- working more hours\n\n- earning more money\n\nAll of the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve been claiming the benefit continuously for at least 26 weeks\n\n- you expect the work (or more money) to last for 5 weeks or more\n\n- you were entitled to help with your\u00a0housing costs\u00a0before your work started and you\u2019ll still have these costs when you start work\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou don\u2019t need to apply - you should get Mortgage Interest Run On automatically. You just need to let your Jobcentre Plus office know as soon as you\u2019re starting work.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mortgage-interest-run-on", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a home with a mortgage with my wife. 4 months ago my hours reduced to just 10 hours per week due to coronavirus and I had to start claiming Income Support and Support for Mortgage Interest. Now my hours have increased to 40 per week again.", + "original_question": "Can I claim Mortgage Interest Run On?" + }, + { + "id": "train-130", + "question": "Scenario: My kid is 16 years old and have a long term physical disability that affects his ability to get about. I was told that my kid might be eligible for Personal Independence Payment. We have lived in England since he was born.\n\nQuestion: Is my kid eligible for Personal Independence Payment?\n\nDocument - Personal Independence Payment (PIP):\n## Overview\n\nPersonal Independence Payment (PIP) can help you with some of the extra costs if you have a long term physical or mental health condition or disability.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThe amount you get depends on how your condition affects you, not the condition itself. You\u2019ll be assessed by a health professional to work out the level of help you can get.\n\nYour carer could get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you have substantial caring needs.\n\n## If you get Disability Living Allowance (DLA)\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) is being replaced by PIP for most adults. You\u2019ll keep getting DLA if:\n\n- you\u2019re under 16\n\n- you were born on or before 8 April 1948\n\nIf you were born after 8 April 1948, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will invite you to apply for PIP. You do not need to do anything until DWP writes to you about your DLA unless your circumstances change.\n\n## Help with PIP\n\nYou can contact a local support organisation or Citizens Advice to get help understanding PIP.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) whether you\u2019re working or not.\n\nYou must be aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age to claim.\n\nYou must also have a physical or mental health condition or disability where you:\n\n- have had difficulties with daily living or getting around (or both) for 3 months\n\n- expect these difficulties to continue for at least 9 months\n\nYou usually need to have lived in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years, and be in one of these countries when you apply. If you\u2019ve recently returned from living in an EEA country, you might be able to get PIP sooner.\n\nFind out about PIP if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re terminally ill and a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live.\n\nYou cannot get PIP and Armed Forces Independence Payment at the same time.\n\n## Daily living difficulties\n\nYou may get the daily living part of PIP if you need help more than half of the time with things like:\n\n- preparing or eating food\n\n- washing, bathing and using the toilet\n\n- dressing and undressing\n\n- reading and communicating\n\n- managing your medicines or treatments\n\n- making decisions about money\n\n- engaging with other people\n\n## Mobility difficulties\n\nYou may get the mobility part of PIP if you need help going out or moving around.\n\n## How you\u2019re assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll be assessed by an independent healthcare professional to work out the level of help you need.\n\n## If you\u2019ve reached State Pension age\n\nYou can get PIP if you:\n\n- were already getting PIP before you reached State Pension age and your condition has not changed\n\n- have been claiming Disability Living Allowance (DLA) and you\u2019ve had a letter inviting you to apply for PIP\n\nYou may get PIP if you previously got it and you were still entitled to it within the last year.\n\nIf you cannot get PIP, you can apply for Attendance Allowance instead.\n\n## Living abroad\n\nYou might still be able to get PIP if you:\n\n- live in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland - you can only get help with daily living needs\n\n- are a member or family member of the Armed Forces\n\n## If you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou must:\n\n- normally live in or show that you intend to settle in the UK, Ireland, the Isle of Man or the Channel Islands\n\n- not be subject to immigration control (unless you\u2019re a sponsored immigrant)\n\nYou might still be able to get PIP if you are a refugee or have humanitarian protection status.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nPersonal Independence Payment (PIP) is made up of 2 parts - a daily living part and a mobility part. Whether you get one or both of these and how much you\u2019ll get depends on how severely your condition affects you.\n\nYou\u2019ll need an assessment to work out how much you\u2019ll get. Your rate will be regularly reviewed to make sure you\u2019re getting the right support.\n\nPIP is tax free. The amount you get is not affected by your income or savings.\n\nYou need to tell DWP straight away if there\u2019s a change in your personal circumstances or how your condition affects you.\n\n## Daily living part\n\nThe weekly rate for the daily living part of PIP is either \u00a360.00 or \u00a389.60.\n\n## Mobility part\n\nThe weekly rate for the mobility part of PIP is either \u00a323.70 or \u00a362.55.\n\n## Terminal illness\n\nYou\u2019ll get the higher daily living part if you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months. The rate of the mobility part depends on your needs.\n\n## How other benefits affect your PIP\n\nThe daily living part of your PIP will be reduced if you get any of the following benefits:\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance\n\n- War Pensioners\u2019 Mobility Supplement\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nPIP is usually paid every 4 weeks.\n\nYour decision letter will tell you:\n\n- the date of your first payment\n\n- what day of the week you\u2019ll usually be paid\n\nIf your payment date is on a bank holiday, you\u2019ll usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Other help\n\nYou or your carer might also qualify for other financial help, for example Carer\u2019s Allowance, or help with housing or transport costs.\n\nIf you get PIP and you work, you might also be able to get the disability element of Working Tax Credit (up to \u00a33,220 a year, or up to \u00a34,610 if your disability is severe). Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to find out.\n\n## How to claim\n\nCall the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to make a new Personal Independence Payment (PIP) claim.\n\nThere is a different way to claim if you\u2019re terminally ill.\n\nFind out how to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Claim by telephone or textphone\n\nBefore you call, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your contact details, for example telephone number\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your National Insurance number - this is on letters about tax, pensions and benefits\n\n- your bank or building society account number and sort code\n\n- your doctor or health worker\u2019s name, address and telephone number\n\n- dates and addresses for any time you\u2019ve spent in a care home or hospital\n\n- dates for any time you spent abroad for more than 4 weeks at a time, and the countries you visited\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask DWP to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\n## Claim by post\n\nYou can get a form to send information by post (although this can delay the decision on your claim). Write a letter to ask for the form.\n\n## What happens next\n\n- You\u2019ll be sent a \u2018How your disability affects you\u2019 form. Call the PIP enquiry line if you need it in an alternative format such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n- Fill in the form using the notes that come with it to help you. You can also read Citizens Advice\u2019s help on filling in the form.\n\n- Return the form to DWP - the address is on the form. You have 1 month to return the form. DWP will start processing your claim when they receive your form. Contact the PIP enquiry line if you need more time.\n\n- If more information is needed, an independent health professional will send a letter inviting you to an assessment. Assessments can be in person, over the phone or by video call. You\u2019ll be asked questions about your ability to carry out activities and how your condition affects your daily life. You can read Citizens Advice\u2019s help on preparing for an assessment.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter that tells you whether you\u2019ll get PIP. If you do, you\u2019ll be told how much you\u2019ll get, when you\u2019ll be paid and the date your PIP will be reviewed so that you continue to get the right support.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you\u2019ll only be invited to attend an assessment in person if more information is needed and you cannot do an assessment by phone or video call. Your invitation letter will explain how to attend your appointment safely.\n\nYou cannot apply using any Disability Living Allowance (DLA) forms you may have.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## If your PIP claim is reviewed\n\nThe letter you got when your Personal Independence Payment (PIP) was approved will tell you when your claim will end and if it will be reviewed.\n\nIf your claim is going to be reviewed, the letter will tell you when you\u2019ll be contacted about the review.\n\n## How PIP reviews work\n\nYou will continue to get PIP while your claim is being reviewed.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter asking you to fill in a form called \u2018Award review - how your disability affects you\u2019.\n\n- Fill in the form using the notes that come with it.\n\n- Send the form and any supporting information you have not shared with the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) before - the form explains what to include and where to send it. You\u2019ll need to return it within 1 month. Contact the PIP enquiry line if you need more time.\n\n- DWP will review your form. If they need more information, an independent health professional might phone you to ask some questions or send a letter inviting you to an assessment. Assessments can be in person, over the phone or by video call.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter that tells you what will happen with your PIP. If your needs have changed, your PIP might be increased, reduced or stopped.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you\u2019ll only be invited to an assessment in person if more information is needed and you cannot do an assessment by phone or video call. Your invitation letter will explain how to attend your appointment safely.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nYou must contact the Personal Independence Payment (PIP) enquiry line if:\n\n- your personal details change, for example your name, address or doctor\n\n- the help you need or your condition changes\n\n- your condition has worsened and you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months\n\n- you go into hospital or a care home\n\n- you go abroad\n\n- you\u2019re imprisoned or held in detention\n\n- your immigration status changes, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## How to report a change of circumstances\n\nContact the PIP enquiry line to report a change of circumstances.\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## Claiming PIP if you're terminally ill\n\nYou can get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) more quickly if you\u2019re terminally ill.\n\nYou can claim PIP if:\n\n- your doctor or a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live\n\n- you are aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim for yourself or someone else can do it for you.\n\nCall DWP to start your PIP claim. Ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500. They\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to DWP.\n\nYou will not need to go to a face-to-face consultation.\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask DWP to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\nYou may be able to get other benefits if you\u2019re terminally ill.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pip", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My kid is 16 years old and have a long term physical disability that affects his ability to get about. I was told that my kid might be eligible for Personal Independence Payment. We have lived in England since he was born.", + "original_question": "Is my kid eligible for Personal Independence Payment?" + }, + { + "id": "train-132", + "question": "Scenario: My partner and I have a combined income of just over fifty thousand pounds and feel that it is unfair that we should be penalised for being just over the threshold\n\nQuestion: Do we have to pay the High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge?\n\nDocument - High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge:\n## Overview\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge, known as the \u2018High Income Child Benefit Charge\u2019, if you have an individual income over \u00a350,000 and either:\n\n- you or your partner get Child Benefit\n\n- someone else gets Child Benefit for a child living with you and they contribute at least an equal amount towards the child\u2019s upkeep\n\nIt does not matter if the child living with you is not your own child.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## What counts as income\n\nTo work out if your income is over the threshold, you\u2019ll need to work out your \u2018adjusted net income\u2019.\n\nYour adjusted net income is your total taxable income before any personal allowances and less things like Gift Aid.\n\nUse the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your adjusted net income.\n\n## Who pays the tax charge\n\nIf your individual income is over \u00a350,000 and so is your partner\u2019s, then whoever has the higher income is responsible for paying the tax charge.\n\n\u2018Partner\u2019 means someone you\u2019re not permanently separated from who you\u2019re married to, in a civil partnership with or living with as if you were.\n\n## If your income is over the threshold\n\nYou can choose to either:\n\n- get Child Benefit payments, and pay any tax charge at the end of each tax year\n\n- not get Child Benefit payments, and not pay the tax charge\n\n## If you choose to not get Child Benefit\n\nYou can still fill in the Child Benefit claim form. You need to state on the form that you do not want to get payments.\n\nYou need to fill in the claim form if you want to:\n\n- get National Insurance credits, which count towards your State Pension\n\n- ensure your child gets their National Insurance number automatically before they\u2019re 16 - otherwise they need to apply for one themselves\n\n## Already getting Child Benefit\n\nYou can choose to either:\n\n- stop getting Child Benefit - sometimes known as \u2018opting out\u2019\n\n- carry on getting Child Benefit and pay any tax charge at the end of each tax year\n\n## Pay the tax charge\n\nTo pay the tax charge, you must:\n\n- register for Self Assessment\n\n- fill in a Self Assessment tax return each tax year and pay what you owe\n\n## Register for Self Assessment\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you need to pay the tax charge.\n\nYou can get a penalty if you do not register for Self Assessment or do not declare child benefit on your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.\n\nRegister now\n\n## If you cannot get information from your partner or ex-partner\n\nYou can write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to ask whether your partner or ex-partner gets Child Benefit or has a higher adjusted net income than you. HMRC will reply \u2018yes\u2019 or \u2018no\u2019 - they will not give you any financial information.\n\nYou can only ask for this information if you and your partner either live together, or separated within the tax year you want information for.\n\n## Write to HMRC\n\nYou need to tell HMRC the tax year you\u2019re asking about, as well as your:\n\n- name, address, date of birth and National Insurance number\n\n- Unique Taxpayer Reference, if you have one\n\n- adjusted net income\n\n- partner or ex-partner\u2019s name\n\nIf you can, include your partner or ex-partner\u2019s:\n\n- address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- National Insurance number, if you know it\n\n- Unique Taxpayer Reference, if they have one\n\nSend your letter to:\n\n## Stop your Child Benefit\n\nTo stop your Child Benefit you can either:\n\n- fill in an online form\n\n- contact the Child Benefit Office by phone or post\n\nYou need a Government Gateway user ID and password to fill in the online form. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the form.\n\nYou cannot use the online form if you\u2019re an appointee or authorised agent.\n\nYou cannot stop your Child Benefit if you\u2019re using it to pay back an overpayment (or to pay back certain other benefits from another country).\n\n## Responsibilities after your Child Benefit stops\n\nYou must pay any tax charge owed for each tax year up to the date your Child Benefit stops.\n\nUse the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of how much you may owe each tax year.\n\nEven after your payments stop, you must report any changes in your family life that affect your entitlement to Child Benefit.\n\n## Restart your Child Benefit\n\nYou can restart your Child Benefit if:\n\n- you\u2019ve previously stopped it because of the tax charge\n\n- you still qualify for Child Benefit\n\nTo restart your Child Benefit, either:\n\n- fill in an online form\n\n- contact the Child Benefit Office\n\nYou need a Government Gateway user ID and password to fill in the online form. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the form.\n\nYou cannot use the online form if you\u2019re an appointee or authorised agent.\n\nPayments usually start again the Monday after your request is received. The Child Benefit Office will write telling you how much backdated Child Benefit you\u2019ll get (if any).\n\n## Responsibilities after your Child Benefit restarts\n\nYou (or your partner) will have to pay any tax charge on the benefit received from the restart date if your income is over \u00a350,000.\n\nUse the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your income and tax deductions to see if you may be affected by the tax charge.\n\nYou must report any changes to your family life that affect your Child Benefit.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\n## Your income changes\n\nYou will not have to pay the tax charge if your income for the whole of a tax year is less than \u00a350,000.\n\nYou can choose to stop or restart your Child Benefit at any time. Use the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your income changes to see if they may affect the tax charge.\n\n## You have a new child\n\nClaiming Child Benefit helps you qualify for:\n\n- National Insurance credits, which protect your right to the State Pension\n\n- other benefits like Guardian\u2019s Allowance\n\nChild Benefit proves you (or your partner) support another child. You may pay less child maintenance for children not living with you.\n\nYou can make a new claim or just protect your entitlement to the above by:\n\n- sending a Child Benefit claim form\n\n- ticking the option to \u2018not have the benefit paid\u2019\n\n## A partner moves in or out\n\nYour situation may change if your income is more than \u00a350,000 and you move in or split up with someone who\u2019s getting Child Benefit.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay the tax charge if your income is more than \u00a350,000 and higher than your new partner\u2019s income. Your partner pays it if their income is higher.\n\nThe tax charge applies from the date you move in together to either the date you permanently separate or the Child Benefit stops - for example because the child is too old to qualify for it.\n\nShort periods apart do not count as separation, for example a hospital stay or working away from home.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit-tax-charge", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner and I have a combined income of just over fifty thousand pounds and feel that it is unfair that we should be penalised for being just over the threshold", + "original_question": "Do we have to pay the High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge?" + }, + { + "id": "train-134", + "question": "Scenario: I am unable to work due to a mental health condition. I have had this condition for several years and it is gradually worsening. I do not see any sign of respite.\n\nQuestion: Are people with mental health problems eligible for ESA?\n\nDocument - Employment and Support Allowance (ESA):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.\n\nYou may also be able to get ESA if you were unable to work while self-isolating or \u2018shielding\u2019 because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nESA gives you:\n\n- money to help with living costs if you\u2019re unable to work\n\n- support to get back into work if you\u2019re able to\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re employed, self-employed or unemployed.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you\u2019re under State Pension age and you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.\n\nYou also need to have both:\n\n- worked as an employee or have been self-employed\n\n- paid enough National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years - National Insurance credits also count\n\nCheck your National Insurance record for gaps.\n\nYou could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. Universal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs.\n\nYou cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you:\n\n- claim Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- claim Statutory Sick Pay\n\n## If your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is due to end\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends. You\u2019ll start getting \u2018new style\u2019 ESA as soon as your SSP ends.\n\n## If you\u2019re working\n\nYou can apply whether you\u2019re in or out of work. There are conditions to working while claiming ESA.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re unable to claim Statutory Sick Pay and one of the following applies:\n\n- you or your child might have COVID-19 or you\u2019re recovering from it\n\n- you or your child are self-isolating because you came into contact with someone who might have COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- you were advised to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19\n\nShielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming ESA because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll need to give evidence to support your claim.\n\n## Proof if you\u2019re self-isolating because of COVID-19\n\nIf you or your child are self-isolating and you cannot work because of COVID-19, you can get an \u2018isolation note\u2019 online from NHS 111 if you\u2019ve been off work for 7 or more days. You do not have to go to your doctor or a hospital.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, your notification is proof.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery, your letter confirming the date of your procedure is proof.\n\n## Proof if you were advised to shield because of COVID-19\n\nYour doctor or health authority should have sent you a letter advising you or your child to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19.\n\nThe letter will have included the period to shield for. It is proof of your eligibility for ESA for days away from work in that period.\n\nYou may have more than one letter covering more than one shielding period.\n\nContact your doctor if you do not have a letter but think you should have one.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get will depend on what stage your application is at, as well as things like your age and whether you\u2019re able to get back into work.\n\nIf you get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019ll earn Class 1 National Insurance credits, which can help towards your State Pension and some benefits in the future.\n\n## What might affect how much you get paid\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\nNeither your or your partner\u2019s savings or income will affect how much \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019re paid. But a private pension worth more than \u00a385 per week may affect how much you can get.\n\nIf you get income-related ESA, your household income and savings worth \u00a36,000 or more may affect how much you can get.\n\n## While your claim is being assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 for 13 weeks while your claim is being assessed.\n\nThis will be:\n\n- up to \u00a359.20 a week if you\u2019re aged under 25\n\n- up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re aged 25 or over\n\nIf it takes longer than 13 weeks to assess your claim, you\u2019ll continue getting the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until you get a decision or until your ESA is due to end. Your ESA will be backdated if you\u2019re owed any money after 13 weeks.\n\n## After you\u2019re assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll be placed into one of 2 groups if you\u2019re entitled to ESA. If you\u2019re able to get back into work in the future, you\u2019ll be put into the work-related activity group. Otherwise, you\u2019ll be put into the support group.\n\nYou\u2019ll get:\n\n- up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group\n\n- up to \u00a3114.10 a week if you\u2019re in the support group\n\n## If you\u2019re in the support group\n\nIf you\u2019re in the support group and on income-related ESA, you\u2019re also entitled to the enhanced disability premium.\n\nYou may also qualify for the severe disability premium.\n\nFind out how to apply for a disability premium.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYou\u2019ll get paid ESA every 2 weeks.\n\nAll benefits are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Other benefits you can claim\n\nUniversal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs. You could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to find out what other benefits you could get, for example Personal Independence Payment (PIP) if you have a long-term health condition or disability.\n\nThe benefit cap may affect the total amount of benefit you can get. The cap will not affect you if you\u2019re in the support group.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving to Universal Credit from income-related ESA\n\nIf your income-related ESA claim is ending because you\u2019re making a new claim for Universal Credit, you\u2019ll automatically continue to get the amount of ESA you currently receive, as long as you\u2019re still eligible. You\u2019ll normally get this for 2 weeks, starting from the date of your new claim.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you telling you how this works.\n\nYou do not need to pay this money back, and it will not affect the amount of Universal Credit you get.\n\n## Budgeting Loan\n\nYou can apply for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on income-related ESA for at least 6 months.\n\n## Advice on money and debt\n\nYou can get help and advice from your Jobcentre Plus work coach or:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Money Advice Service\n\n- National Debtline\n\n- Shelter\n\n- Turn2us\n\n## Working while you claim\n\nYou can usually work while you are claiming ESA if both of the following apply:\n\n- you work less than 16 hours a week\n\n- you do not earn more than \u00a3143 a week\n\nTell Jobcentre Plus about your work when you make a claim.\n\nSend this form to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re already claiming ESA and you want to start work.\n\n## When you can work 16 hours or more a week\n\nYou can work more than 16 hours a week if the work is either voluntary or \u2018supported permitted work\u2019.\n\n## Supported permitted work\n\nThe work must be either:\n\n- supervised by someone from a local council or voluntary organisation who arranges work for disabled people\n\n- part of a treatment programme under medical supervision\n\nYou can still earn no more than \u00a3143 a week.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. \nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to apply in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you need to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- your bank or building society account number and sort code (you can use a friend or family member\u2019s account if you do not have one)\n\n- your doctor\u2019s name, address and telephone number\n\n- details of your income if you\u2019re working\n\n- the date your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) ends if you\u2019re claiming it\n\nYou cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re getting Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) from an employer. You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll also need:\n\n- an \u2018isolation note\u2019 if you\u2019re unable to work because of COVID-19\n\n- your notification from the NHS or public health authorities if you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate because you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- a letter confirming the date of your procedure if you\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- a letter from your doctor or a health authority advising you or your child to shield (take extra precautions to reduce contact with others) because you\u2019re at very high risk of severe illness from COVID-19\n\nShielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll be contacted by phone and told when to give the evidence and where to send it.\n\nApply now\n\n## When you can apply by phone\n\nCall the Universal Credit helpline if:\n\n- you cannot make an application online\n\n- you\u2019re an appointee for someone\n\n## After you apply\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will contact you within 10 working days of applying.\n\n## If you\u2019re eligible\n\nDWP will contact you within 10 working days to schedule an appointment that you must attend. It will normally be over the phone with a work coach from your local Jobcentre Plus office.\n\nYour work coach will explain what you need to do to get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. They will create an agreement with you called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019.\n\nYou must agree to your Claimant Commitment before you can get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.\n\nAt the appointment, you\u2019ll be asked to:\n\n- explain how your illness or disability affects your ability to work\n\n- provide medical evidence\n\n- agree to tell your local Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nDWP will send you a letter within 10 working days of applying to explain why you\u2019re not eligible for ESA.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## Reapplying for ESA\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\nYou may be able to reapply after your \u2018new style\u2019 ESA ends. You may qualify again depending on:\n\n- what National Insurance contributions you paid in the last 2 full tax years before the tax year you\u2019re claiming in\n\n- whether you\u2019re placed in the support group because you developed a new condition or your health deteriorated\n\n## Your ESA claim\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made your claim, you\u2019ll be told if you need to have a \u2018Work Capability Assessment\u2019 and what group you\u2019ll be put in.\n\n## Work Capability Assessment\n\nA Work Capability Assessment is used to find out if your illness or disability affects how much you can work.\n\nYou might not need one, for example if you\u2019re in hospital or you have a terminal illness.\n\nIf you need a Work Capability Assessment you\u2019ll get a letter telling you to fill in the \u2018Capability for work questionnaire\u2019 and send it to the Health Assessment Advisory Service. The address is on the form. The questionnaire is different in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what happens next, for example if you need an appointment to understand your health condition better.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming both Universal Credit and \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you\u2019ll only have one Work Capability Assessment.\n\nYou can ask for your assessment to be recorded. If you would like this, tell the Health Assessment Advisory Service using the contact details in your appointment invite letter.\n\n## How the assessment happens\n\nAssessments can be in person, by video call or on the phone. You\u2019ll be told how your assessment will take place.\n\nIf you\u2019re asked to attend in person you\u2019ll be told how to do this safely because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can bring one adult from your household with you.\n\nIf your assessment is by phone or video call, you can have someone else with you, for example a friend or support worker. You can ask the assessor to call them if they\u2019re not with you when the assessment starts.\n\nYou\u2019ll stay on the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until a decision can be made on your Work Capability Assessment.\n\n## After your claim is assessed\n\nIf you\u2019re entitled to ESA you\u2019ll be placed in one of 2 groups:\n\n- a work-related activity group (you cannot work now, but can prepare to work in the future, for example by writing a CV)\n\n- a support group (you cannot work now and you\u2019re not expected to prepare for work in the future)\n\n## If you\u2019re in the work-related activity group\n\nYou must attend regular interviews with a work coach. They can help you improve your skills or write a CV to help you get back into work.\n\n## If you\u2019re in the support group\n\nYou\u2019re usually in this group if your illness or disability severely limits what you can do. You do not have to go to interviews. You can tell your work coach if you\u2019d like to take part in work-related activities.\n\n## How long you\u2019ll get ESA for\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\n\u2018New style\u2019 and contribution-based ESA last for 365 days if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group.\n\nThere\u2019s no time limit if you\u2019re in the support group, or if you\u2019re getting income-related ESA.\n\nTo keep getting ESA you must report any change in your circumstances. You may also need to send fit notes regularly.\n\n## If you get a sanction\n\nYour ESA can be reduced if you do not attend interviews or do work-related activity as agreed with your work coach in your \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019. This reduction can continue for up to 4 weeks after you restart work-related activities.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter to say you may be sanctioned. Tell your work coach if you have a good reason for not doing what was agreed in your Claimant Commitment.\n\nYou\u2019ll get another letter if the decision is made to give you a sanction. Your benefit will only be affected once a decision has been made.\n\nYou should contact your local council immediately if you claim Housing Benefit or Council Tax Reduction. They\u2019ll tell you what to do to continue getting support.\n\nIf you get a sanction you can:\n\n- ask for the decision to be looked at again\n\n- ask for a hardship payment\n\nYou will not get a sanction if you\u2019re in the support group.\n\n## Hardship payments\n\nIf you get income-related ESA, you may be able to get a hardship payment if your benefit has been reduced because of a sanction or a penalty due to suspected benefit fraud.\n\nA hardship payment is a reduced amount of your ESA. You do not have to pay it back.\n\nYou can get a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or other basic needs for you or your family. You must be 18 or over.\n\nSpeak to your Jobcentre Plus adviser or work coach to find out how to claim a hardship payment.\n\n## Report a change of circumstances\n\nYou need to report changes to your circumstances so you keep getting the right amount of Employment and Support Allowance (ESA).\n\nYour claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change straight away.\n\nA change of circumstance can include:\n\n- starting or stopping work, education, training or an apprenticeship\n\n- moving house\n\n- changing your name\n\n- people moving into or out of the place you live (for example your partner or a child)\n\n- changes to the benefits you or anyone else in your house gets\n\n- changes to your pension, savings, investments or property\n\n- changes to other money you get (for example student loans or grants, sick pay or money you get from a charity)\n\n- changing your doctor\n\n- any changes to your medical condition or disability\n\n- going into hospital or a care home or sheltered accommodation\n\n- going abroad for any length of time\n\n- changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nCall Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not sure whether you need to report a change.\n\nYou may be prosecuted or have to pay a \u00a350 penalty if you give wrong or incomplete information.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nIf you give wrong or incomplete information or do not report a change straight away, you might be paid too much. If you are, you might have to\u00a0pay some of the money back.\n\n## How to report\n\nYou can report a change of circumstances by:\n\n- calling Jobcentre Plus\n\n- writing to the Jobcentre Plus office that pays your ESA - the address is on the letters you get about your ESA\n\nIf you get Universal Credit at the same time as \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you must also report the changes of circumstances in your Universal Credit account.\n\n## British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service\n\nWatch a video to check you can use the service\n\nGo to the video relay service\n\nMonday to Friday, 8am to 6pm.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland contact the ESA Centre.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am unable to work due to a mental health condition. I have had this condition for several years and it is gradually worsening. I do not see any sign of respite.", + "original_question": "Are people with mental health problems eligible for ESA?" + }, + { + "id": "train-135", + "question": "Scenario: I have recently moved to a different country with my three year old son. My ex remains in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Does the fact that I live abroad mean that I can't claim Child Maintenance?\n\nDocument - Child maintenance if a parent lives abroad:\n## Overview\n\nYou cannot make a new application to the Child Maintenance Service if the child and the parent with the main day-to-day care live abroad.\n\nThere are circumstances where the service can help if the paying parent lives abroad.\n\nYou can make a child maintenance arrangement yourself - if one or both parents live abroad.\n\n## Enforcing a child maintenance decision\n\nYou can ask a court for help if the other parent does not pay any child maintenance they owe you. This is known as taking \u2018enforcement action\u2019.\n\nYou cannot enforce an arrangement you\u2019ve made yourself - you need to make it legally binding first.\n\nYou can also ask the court to change an existing child maintenance decision or make a new one.\n\nHow you enforce, change or make a decision depends on:\n\n- where the other parent lives\n\n- where your original decision was made\n\nThe UK has a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) agreement with a number of other countries. Courts in \u2018REMO countries\u2019 can enforce child maintenance decisions made by UK courts.\n\n## Child maintenance decisions made in Scotland or Northern Ireland\n\nThe process is different if you want to enforce a child maintenance decision that was originally made in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## If the decision was made in Scotland\n\nContact the Scottish government for advice.\n\n## If the decision was made in Northern Ireland\n\nContact the Northern Ireland Central Authority for advice.\n\n## If the other parent lives abroad\n\nHow you get a decision recognised or enforced depends on whether the other parent lives in a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) country. Check the list of REMO countries.\n\nIf the other parent does not live in a REMO country, get legal advice from a solicitor to find out if you can enforce the decision.\n\nIf the other parent does live in a REMO country, contact your nearest Maintenance Enforcement Business Centre (MEBC). They\u2019ll send you an application form.\n\nComplete the form and send it back to your MEBC with any supporting documents. Your documents will be translated if needed. You do not have to pay for this.\n\nTell the MEBC if you do not want the other parent to see certain information about you, such as your address.\n\nThe process is different if you want to enforce a child maintenance decision that was originally made in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Maintenance Enforcement Business Centres\n\n## Greater London\n\n## England\n\n## Wales\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe MEBC will send your completed form and any supporting documents to the REMO Unit.\n\nThe REMO Unit will send your documents to the body responsible for REMO in the relevant country within a month of receiving them. Your documents will then be sent on to the court in that country.\n\nThe process may change from 1 January 2021. The Maintenance Enforcement Business Centre or REMO Unit might tell you to fill in another form so your application can continue after that date. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this.\n\nIt can take several months for the court to decide if your maintenance decision should be enforced.\n\n## If you live abroad\n\nYou can still enforce a child maintenance decision if the other parent lives in the UK but you live in another country.\n\nCheck if you live in a country which can enforce a child maintenance decision made in the UK. This is called a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) country.\n\nIf you live in a REMO country, ask the court where you live to enforce the decision.\n\nIf you do not live in a REMO country, you might still be able to enforce a decision. Get legal advice from a solicitor in the country where you live or in the UK.\n\n## If the other parent works abroad for a British organisation\n\nYou might be able to make a new child maintenance claim instead of enforcing an existing one if the other parent is working abroad for certain British organisations, for example:\n\n- as a civil servant\n\n- for Her Majesty\u2019s Diplomatic Service\n\n- as a member of the Armed Forces\n\n- for a company based and registered in the UK\n\n- for the NHS\n\n- for a local authority\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact Child Maintenance Options to make a new arrangement.\n\nThey\u2019ll talk through the process with you and explain how to apply to the Child Maintenance Service.\n\nThere are different contact details if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou must pay:\n\n- \u00a320 to apply - you do not have to pay this if you\u2019re under 19, a victim of domestic violence or in Northern Ireland\n\n- additional fees for paying and collecting child maintenance if you use the Collect and Pay service\n\nIf you\u2019ve already made a claim, contact the service that deals with your case for advice.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-if-one-parent-lives-abroad", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have recently moved to a different country with my three year old son. My ex remains in the UK.", + "original_question": "Does the fact that I live abroad mean that I can't claim Child Maintenance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-136", + "question": "Scenario: I have recently split up with my husband and we are currently going through divorce proceedings after 10 years of marriage.\n\nQuestion: I want to ensure that our joint finances currently will be split evenly without having to go through court proceedings. Is there a way to make legally binding contract to avoid this?\n\nDocument - Money and property when you divorce or separate:\n## Getting a financial agreement\n\nWhen you divorce or end a civil partnership you and your ex-partner need to agree how to separate your finances.\n\nThis includes deciding how you\u2019re going to divide:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nYou might get things like:\n\n- a share of your your partner\u2019s pension - including State Pension or private pension plans\n\n- regular maintenance payments to help with children or living expenses\n\nYou can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree how to split your money and property.\n\nThe rules are different if you were not married or in a civil partnership. You\u2019ll still have to agree on child maintenance payments for any children.\n\nWhat you can do is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Making an agreement legally binding\n\nIf you and your ex-partner agree on how to divide money and property, you need to apply for a consent order to make it legally binding.\n\n## Get help agreeing\n\nYou can use a mediator or get other help to resolve issues out of court.\n\n## Get the court to decide\n\nIf you cannot agree on everything, you can ask a court to make a financial order.\n\n## If you agree\n\nIt\u2019s usually more straightforward and less expensive if you agree how to divide your money and property. Get help agreeing.\n\n## Making your agreement legally binding\n\nTo make your agreement legally binding you need to draft a consent order and ask a court to approve it.\n\nIf your agreement is not legally binding, a court cannot enforce it if there are any issues later.\n\nA consent order is a legal document that confirms your agreement. It explains how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nIt can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.\n\nYou can get legal advice or ask a solicitor to draft a consent order for you.\n\n## When to apply for a consent order\n\nYou can ask the court to approve your consent order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.\n\nIt is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.\n\nThe final legal document is the:\n\n- decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing\n\n- final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership\n\nYou can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended. This may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.\n\n## How to ask the court for approval\n\nYou and your ex-partner have to:\n\n- draft a consent order\n\n- sign the draft consent order - you also need 2 photocopies of the signed original\n\n- fill in a statement of information form\n\nOne of you also needs to fill in a notice of an application for a financial order.\n\nIf you\u2019re ending a civil partnership or legally separating, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to the court dealing with your paperwork. Keep your own copies.\n\nIf you\u2019re divorcing, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to:\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\nThere\u2019s usually no court hearing. A judge will approve your consent order to make it legally binding if they think it\u2019s fair.\n\nIf they do not think it\u2019s fair, they can ask you to change it.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe court fee is \u00a350.\n\nSolicitor fees vary depending on their experience and location. They usually charge per hour.\n\n## Get help agreeing\n\nA mediator can help you and your ex-partner agree on how to split money and property, without taking sides.\n\nMediation is not relationship counselling. It can help you agree on how you\u2019ll divide your assets, including:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nMediation can be quicker and cheaper than asking a court to decide for you.\n\nYou need to attend a mediation information assessment meeting (MIAM) before you start mediation.\n\nFind a local mediator.\n\nThe mediator can decide mediation is not right for you (for example, if there\u2019s been domestic abuse and you need to go to court instead).\n\n## How much it costs\n\nA MIAM is usually about \u00a330. If you need more mediation sessions they cost more and fees vary depending on where you live.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid for mediation.\n\n## Making your agreement legally binding\n\nAt the end of mediation you\u2019ll get a document showing what you agreed. This agreement is not legally binding.\n\nIf you want a legally binding agreement you need to draft a consent order and get a court to approve it. The consent order can be based on what you agreed in mediation.\n\n## If you need more help agreeing\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask a legal adviser about other ways to resolve issues out of court (such as family arbitration or collaborative law)\n\n- get information and advice from Citizens Advice\n\n- read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced\n\n- work out your finances with a divorce and separation calculator\n\n## If you do not agree on everything\n\nYou can ask a court to decide on anything you have not agreed on.\n\n## Get the court to decide\n\nIf you and your ex-partner cannot agree how to divide your finances you can ask a court to make a financial order (also known as the \u2018contested\u2019 route or an \u2018ancillary relief order\u2019).\n\nThis means the court will decide how assets will be split. Getting the court to decide usually takes longer and is more expensive than if you and your ex-partner agree.\n\nYou must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).\n\nA financial order will describe how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nIt can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.\n\n## When to apply for a financial order\n\nYou can ask a court to make a financial order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.\n\nIt is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.\n\nThe final legal document is the:\n\n- decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing\n\n- final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership\n\nYou can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended but it may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to apply for a financial order.\n\nSend 2 copies of the form to the court dealing with paperwork in your area to divorce or end your civil partnership. Keep a copy for yourself.\n\nYou can hire a solicitor to help you apply for a financial order from the court.\n\n## After you apply\n\nThere are three stages:\n\n- the first appointment - a short hearing with the judge to discuss your application\n\n- financial dispute resolution (FDR) appointment - to help you agree without needing a final hearing (you might need more than one appointment)\n\n- final hearing - if you\u2019re not able to agree, this is when a judge will decide how you must separate your finances\n\nThe court will send you and your ex-partner details when the first appointment will be. This is usually 12 to 14 weeks after you apply.\n\n## Before the first appointment\n\nYou and your ex-partner need to fill in a financial statement for a financial order (Form E) to show a breakdown of your property and debts. This includes giving an estimate of your future living costs.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to collect documents about your finances, for example:\n\n- rental or mortgage agreements\n\n- pension documents\n\n- loan agreements\n\n- proof of your salary income, for example P60 or recent pay slips\n\n- details of personal belongings worth more than \u00a3500, for example a car or house contents\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt depends on:\n\n- how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need\n\n- if you need a final hearing\n\nThere can be several months between the appointments.\n\n## How the court decides\n\nIf you cannot agree, a judge will decide how assets will be split. They\u2019ll base their decision on how long you\u2019ve been married or in a civil partnership, as well as your:\n\n- age\n\n- ability to earn\n\n- property and money\n\n- living expenses\n\n- standard of living\n\n- financial needs and responsibilities\n\n- role in looking after the family, for example if you were the main earner or caring for the family or home\n\n- disability or health condition, if you have any\n\nThe judge will decide on the fairest way to divide the assets if there\u2019s enough to meet everyone\u2019s needs. They will make arrangements for any children first - especially their housing arrangements and child maintenance. The reason for the divorce or dissolution is not taken into account.\n\nThe judge will usually try to arrange a \u2018clean break\u2019, so everything is shared out, and you no longer have any financial ties to one another.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe court fee is \u00a3255.\n\nSolicitor fees vary depending on their experience and where you live. They usually charge by the hour. How much you pay in total depends on how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need and if there will be a final hearing.\n\nYou can get legal aid to help with court costs in certain situations, for example if you\u2019re separating from an abusive partner.\n\n## Further help and advice\n\nYou can:\n\n- get information and advice from Citizens Advice\n\n- read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced\n\n- find out more about how to apply for a financial order\n\n## Maintenance payments\n\nThe court sometimes tells the person with the higher income to make regular maintenance payments to help with the other person\u2019s living costs.\n\nThis is called a \u2018maintenance order\u2019.\n\nA maintenance payment can be set for:\n\n- a limited period of time\n\n- until one of you dies, marries or enters into a new civil partnership\n\nThe payment can also be changed if one of you loses your job or gets much better paid work.\n\n## Child maintenance\n\nThe court can also decide on child maintenance, but this is often arranged by the Child Maintenance Service.\n\nRead more about making arrangements to look after children when you divorce or separate.\n\n## Tax when transferring assets\n\nYou do not usually have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you give, or otherwise \u2018dispose of\u2019, assets to your husband, wife or civil partner before you finalise the divorce or civil partnership.\n\nAssets include shares, certain personal possessions and property. You usually do not have to pay tax if you transfer or sell your main home.\n\n## If you transfer an asset when you\u2019re separated\n\nIf you lived together at any point in the tax year that you transferred the asset, the normal rules for spouses and civil partners apply.\n\nOtherwise you may have to pay Capital Gains Tax. You\u2019ll need to get a valuation of the asset on the date of transfer, and use it to work out the gain or loss.\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If you transfer an asset after you\u2019ve divorced or dissolved your civil partnership\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you transfer after your relationship has legally ended.\n\nThe rules for working out your gain or loss are complex. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help, such as an accountant or tax adviser. You\u2019ll need to tell them the date of:\n\n- the decree absolute or dissolution\n\n- any court order, if assets were transferred this way\n\n- any other contract showing the transfer of assets", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have recently split up with my husband and we are currently going through divorce proceedings after 10 years of marriage.", + "original_question": "I want to ensure that our joint finances currently will be split evenly without having to go through court proceedings. Is there a way to make legally binding contract to avoid this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-137", + "question": "Scenario: We have two children, aged 11 and 15. My husband has recently started a new job that pays \u00a352,000 per year. I need to see if we can still get child benefit.\n\nQuestion: Can the tax on income from child benefit be waived if I earn over \u00a350,000?\n\nDocument - Claim Child Benefit:\n## How it works\n\nYou get Child Benefit if you\u2019re responsible for bringing up a child who is:\n\n- under 16\n\n- under 20 if they stay in approved education or training\n\nOnly one person can get Child Benefit for a child.\n\nIt\u2019s paid every 4 weeks and there\u2019s no limit to how many children you can claim for.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nBy claiming Child Benefit:\n\n- you can get National Insurance credits which count towards your State Pension\n\n- your child will automatically get a National Insurance number when they\u2019re 16 years old\n\nIf you choose not to get Child Benefit payments, you should still fill in and send off the claim form.\n\n## If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000\n\nYou may have to pay back some of your Child Benefit in tax if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must report any change of circumstances to the Child Benefit Office.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere are 2 Child Benefit rates.\n\n| Who the allowance is for | Rate (weekly) |\n\n| Eldest or only child | \u00a321.15 |\n\n| Additional children | \u00a314 per child |\n\nYou must contact the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re paid too much or too little.\n\nThe benefit cap may affect the total amount of benefits you get, including Child Benefit.\n\n## How and when Child Benefit is paid\n\nChild Benefit is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Monday or Tuesday.\n\nYou can have the money paid weekly if you\u2019re a single parent or getting certain other benefits, such as Income Support.\n\nYou can get the money paid into any account, apart from a Nationwide cashbuilder account (sort code 070030) in someone else\u2019s name.\n\nYou can only get the money paid into one account.\n\n## Child Benefit and your State Pension\n\nIf your child is under 12 and you\u2019re not working or do not earn enough to pay National Insurance contributions, Child Benefit can give you National Insurance credits.\n\nThese credits count towards your State Pension, so you do not have gaps in your National Insurance record.\n\n## If families split up\n\nIf a family splits up, you get \u00a321.15 a week for the eldest child.\n\nIf you have 2 children and one stays with you and the other stays with your ex-partner, you\u2019ll both get \u00a321.15 a week for each child.\n\nIf you both claim for the same child, only one of you will get Child Benefit for them.\n\nIf you have other children who are entitled to Child Benefit, you\u2019ll get \u00a314 for each child.\n\n## If families join together\n\nIf 2 families join together, the eldest child in the new family qualifies for the \u00a321.15 rate and any other children who are eligible will get the \u00a314 rate.\n\n## If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000\n\nYou can get Child Benefit if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000, but you may be taxed on the benefit. This is known as the High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge.\n\nIf your partner\u2019s income is also over \u00a350,000 but yours is higher, you\u2019re responsible for paying the tax charge. You need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return each tax year and pay what you owe.\n\nUse the Child Benefit tax calculator to estimate how much tax you may have to pay.\n\nOnce you earn \u00a360,000 you lose all of your benefit through tax.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nOnly one person can get Child Benefit for a child.\n\nYou normally qualify for Child Benefit if you\u2019re responsible for a child under 16 (or under 20 if they stay in approved education or training) and you live in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be responsible for a child if you live with them or you\u2019re paying at least the same amount as Child Benefit (or the equivalent in kind) towards looking after them, for example on food, clothes or pocket money.\n\nEligibility rules are different if your child:\n\n- goes into hospital or care\n\n- lives with someone else\n\nChild Benefit continues for 20 weeks if 16 or 17 year olds leave education or training and register with the armed services or a government-sponsored careers service.\n\n## Fostering a child\n\nYou\u2019ll get Child Benefit if you foster a child, as long as the local council is not paying anything towards their accommodation or maintenance.\n\n## Adopting a child\n\nYou can apply for Child Benefit as soon as any child you\u2019re adopting comes to live with you - you do not have to wait until the adoption process is complete.\n\nYou might be able to get Child Benefit for a period before the adoption - contact the Child Benefit Office to find out.\n\n## Looking after someone else\u2019s child\n\nYou may be able to get Child Benefit if you\u2019ve got an informal arrangement to look after a friend or relative\u2019s child.\n\nYou might not qualify if your local council is paying towards the child\u2019s accommodation or maintenance - contact the Child Benefit Office to find out.\n\nTwo people cannot get Child Benefit for the same child - if you want to make a claim, you must agree it with the person who\u2019s currently claiming. HMRC will decide who receives the Child Benefit if you cannot agree.\n\nYou may also be entitled to Guardian\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re responsible for a child who has lost one or both of their parents.\n\n## Living abroad\n\nYou may be able to get Child Benefit if you go to live in certain countries or if you\u2019re a Crown servant.\n\n## If you\u2019ve moved to the UK\n\nYou may be able to get Child Benefit if you have moved to the UK and you have a \u2018right to reside\u2019.\n\n## If your child starts work or gets benefits in their own right\n\nYou\u2019ll stop receiving Child Benefit immediately if your child:\n\n- starts paid work for 24 hours or more a week and is no longer in approved education or training\n\n- starts an apprenticeship in England\n\n- starts getting certain benefits in their own right, such as Income Support, Employment and Support Allowance or tax credits\n\n## If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000\n\nYou\u2019ll still be eligible for Child Benefit even if you choose to stop receiving it. You can always change your mind and restart your payments.\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re not sure about your eligibility.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim Child Benefit as soon as you\u2019ve registered the birth of your child, or they come to live with you.\n\nIf you\u2019re not able to register the birth of your child because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you can still make a claim to receive Child Benefit.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt can take 6 to 12 weeks to process a new Child Benefit claim (or longer if you\u2019re new to the UK). Child Benefit can be backdated for up to 3 months.\n\n## Deciding who should claim\n\nOnly one person can get Child Benefit for a child, so you need to decide whether it\u2019s better for you or the other parent to claim. The person who claims will get National Insurance credits towards their state pension if they are not working or earn less than \u00a3184 per week.\n\n## Make a claim for the first time\n\nFill in Child Benefit claim form CH2 and send it to the Child Benefit Office. The address is on the form.\n\nIf your child is adopted, send their original adoption certificate with the form. You can order a new adoption certificate if you\u2019ve lost the original.\n\nIf you do not have the certificate you need, send your claim form now and send the certificate once you\u2019ve got it.\n\n## If your child\u2019s birth was registered outside the UK\n\nWhen you send your claim form, include your child\u2019s:\n\n- original birth certificate\n\n- passport or travel document used to enter the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost the original you can order a new birth certificate.\n\n## Add a child to an existing claim\n\nCall the child benefit helpline if:\n\n- your child is under 6 months old and lives with you\n\n- your child was born in the UK and their birth was registered in England, Scotland or Wales more than 24 hours ago\n\n- you\u2019re a UK, EEA or Swiss national and you\u2019ve lived in the UK since the start of your claim\n\nWhen you call, you\u2019ll need your:\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- child\u2019s birth certificate\n\n## If you do not meet the criteria to add a child by phone\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a new claim by post. Fill in Child Benefit form CH2 and send it to the Child Benefit Office. The address is on the form.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming for more than 2 children, also include the \u2018additional children\u2019 form.\n\n## Claiming Child Benefit for someone else\n\nYou may be able to manage someone else\u2019s Child Benefit claim.\n\n## Make a change to your claim\n\nYou must report any change of circumstances to the Child Benefit Office. These include changes to your:\n\n- family life, for example getting married\n\n- child\u2019s life, for example leaving education or training\n\n## Change who gets Child Benefit\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office if you want someone else to claim Child Benefit, for example, your spouse or partner.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve done this, tell the other person to make a new claim.\n\n## Stop or restart payments\n\nYou can choose to stop or restart your payments at any time, for example because you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000 a year. It does not affect your eligibility.\n\n## Get help with your claim\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office if you have any questions.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nYou can complain to the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re unhappy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We have two children, aged 11 and 15. My husband has recently started a new job that pays \u00a352,000 per year. I need to see if we can still get child benefit.", + "original_question": "Can the tax on income from child benefit be waived if I earn over \u00a350,000?" + }, + { + "id": "train-140", + "question": "Scenario: I granted my sister lasting power of attorney five years ago, in case of an accident that would render me incapable of making my own decisions. So far, I am in good health. My sister married a new husband last year.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to update this record now that my sister has changed her name through marriage?\n\nDocument - Make, register or end a lasting power of attorney:\n## Overview\n\nA lasting power of attorney (LPA) is a legal document that lets you (the \u2018donor\u2019) appoint one or more people (known as \u2018attorneys\u2019) to help you make decisions or to make decisions on your behalf.\n\nThis gives you more control over what happens to you if you have an accident or an illness and cannot make your own decisions (you \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019).\n\nYou must be 18 or over and have mental capacity (the ability to make your own decisions) when you make your LPA.\n\nYou do not need to live in the UK or be a British citizen.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere are 2 types of LPA:\n\n- health and welfare\n\n- property and financial affairs\n\nYou can choose to make one type or both.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## How to make a lasting power of attorney\n\n- Choose your attorney (you can have more than one).\n\n- Fill in the forms to appoint them as an attorney.\n\n- Register your LPA with the Office of the Public Guardian (this can take up to 10 weeks).\n\nIt costs \u00a382 to register an LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.\n\nYou can cancel your LPA if you no longer need it or want to make a new one.\n\n## Health and welfare lasting power of attorney\n\nUse this LPA to give an attorney the power to make decisions about things like:\n\n- your daily routine, for example washing, dressing, eating\n\n- medical care\n\n- moving into a care home\n\n- life-sustaining treatment\n\nIt can only be used when you\u2019re unable to make your own decisions.\n\n## Property and financial affairs lasting power of attorney\n\nUse this LPA to give an attorney the power to make decisions about money and property for you, for example:\n\n- managing a bank or building society account\n\n- paying bills\n\n- collecting benefits or a pension\n\n- selling your home\n\nIt can be used as soon as it\u2019s registered, with your permission.\n\n## Help deciding if you should make a lasting power of attorney\n\nContact the Office of the Public Guardian if you need help.\n\n## Choose your attorney\n\nYou can choose one or more people to be your attorney. If you appoint more than one, you must decide whether they\u2019ll make decisions separately or together.\n\n## Who can be your attorney\n\nYour attorney needs to be 18 or over. They could be:\n\n- a relative\n\n- a friend\n\n- a professional, for example a solicitor\n\n- your husband, wife or partner\n\nYou must appoint someone who has the mental capacity to make their own decisions.\n\nYour attorney does not need to live in the UK or be a British citizen.\n\nWhen choosing an attorney, think about:\n\n- how well they look after their own affairs, for example their finances\n\n- how well you know them\n\n- if you trust them to make decisions in your best interests\n\n- how happy they will be to make decisions for you\n\nRead about an attorney\u2019s responsibilities to help you with your decision.\n\nYou cannot choose someone who is subject to a Debt Relief Order or is bankrupt if you\u2019re making a lasting power of attorney (LPA) for property and financial affairs.\n\n## If there\u2019s more than one attorney\n\nIf you\u2019re appointing more than one person, you must decide if they\u2019ll make decisions:\n\n- separately or together - sometimes called \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - which means attorneys can make decisions on their own or with other attorneys\n\n- together - sometimes called \u2018jointly\u2019 - which means all the attorneys have to agree on the decision\n\nYou can also choose to let them make some decisions \u2018jointly\u2019, and others \u2018jointly and severally\u2019.\n\nAttorneys who are appointed jointly must all agree or they cannot make the decision.\n\n## Replacement attorneys\n\nWhen you make your LPA you can nominate other people to replace your attorney or attorneys if at some point they cannot act on your behalf anymore.\n\n## Make a lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can make a lasting power of attorney (LPA) online or using paper forms.\n\nEither way, you need to get other people to sign the forms, including the attorneys and witnesses.\n\nYou can get someone else to use the online service or fill in the paper forms for you, for example a family member, friend or solicitor.\n\nYou must register your LPA or your attorney will not be able to make decisions for you.\n\nIt might take longer to make and register an LPA because of coronavirus (COVID-19). It will be quicker if you make it and pay online.\n\n## Make an LPA online\n\nCreate an account to start your LPA.\n\nYou can:\n\n- get help and guidance at each step\n\n- save your forms and complete them later\n\n- review your answers and fix any mistakes\n\nYou need to print out the forms and sign them when you\u2019ve finished.\n\n## Sign in to your account\n\nSign in to continue making your LPA.\n\n## Use the paper forms\n\nDownload the forms and print them out.\n\n## Signing the forms\n\nYou need to sign the forms before you send them off. They also need to be signed by:\n\n- the attorneys\n\n- witnesses\n\n- a \u2018certificate provider\u2019, who confirms you\u2019re making the LPA by choice and you understand what you\u2019re doing\n\nEveryone must sign the same original document. They cannot sign copies or use digital signatures.\n\n## Who can be a witness or certificate provider\n\nWitnesses and certificate providers must be 18 or over.\n\nAttorneys can witness each other sign, but they cannot:\n\n- witness you sign\n\n- sign as the certificate provider\n\nYou cannot be a witness if you\u2019re the person appointing an attorney.\n\n## Get help\n\nAsk the Office of the Public Guardian about help you can get if you:\n\n- do not have a computer or printer\n\n- want to use the online service but need some help\n\n## Register a lasting power of attorney\n\nWhen you\u2019ve made your lasting power of attorney (LPA), you need to register it with the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG).\n\nIt takes up to 15 weeks to register an LPA if there are no mistakes in the application.\n\nYou can apply to register your LPA yourself if you\u2019re able to make your own decisions.\n\nYour attorney can also register it for you. You\u2019ll be told if they do and you can object to the registration.\n\n## Notify people\n\nBefore you register, send a form to notify people (LP3) to all the \u2018people to notify\u2019 (also called \u2018people to be told\u2019) you listed in the LPA.\n\nThey\u2019ll have 3 weeks to raise any concerns with OPG.\n\nIf you\u2019re using the online service to make an LPA, it will create and fill in the LP3 forms for you.\n\n## How to register\n\nApply to register as soon as you\u2019ve sent forms to notify people.\n\nTo register, you need to sign your completed LPA form and send it to OPG.\n\nIf you create your LPA form using the online service, you will need to print it out to do this.\n\nThe address is also on the form. Make sure you include the original LPA form and the fee.\n\nYou can send a certified copy if you do not have the original form. Write a covering letter to explain why you do not have the original.\n\n## If you made your LPA with an older paper form\n\nYou can register by filling in form LP2 if you made your LPA:\n\n- on forms LPA114 or LPA117 before 1 January 2016\n\n- on forms LP PA or LP PW before 1 April 2011\n\nOtherwise you\u2019ll need to make a new LPA.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt costs \u00a382 to register each LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.\n\nThis means it costs \u00a3164 to register both a property and financial affairs LPA and a health and welfare LPA.\n\nYou can pay by:\n\n- credit or debit card\n\n- cheque\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018Office of the Public Guardian\u2019 and write your name on the back. Send it to OPG with your forms.\n\n## If you make a mistake on your form\n\nDepending on the type of mistake, OPG may let you correct it and apply again within 3 months for \u00a341.\n\n## Get a reduction or exemption\n\nYou can apply for a reduction if you earn less than \u00a312,000. You might also be able to apply for an exemption if you\u2019re on certain benefits, such as Income Support.\n\nDownload and fill in the application form. The form has more information about eligibility.\n\n## Certify a copy of a lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can confirm that a copy of your lasting power of attorney (LPA) is genuine by \u2018certifying\u2019 it if you\u2019re still able to make your own decisions.\n\nYou or your attorney can use a certified copy to register your LPA if you do not have the original form.\n\nYour attorney can also use the certified copy to prove they have permission to make decisions on your behalf, for example to manage your bank account.\n\n## How to certify a copy\n\nWrite the following text on the bottom of every page of the copy:\n\n\u201cI certify this is a true and complete copy of the corresponding page of the original lasting power of attorney.\u201d\n\nOn the final page of the copy, you must also write:\n\n\u201cI certify this is a true and complete copy of the lasting power of attorney.\u201d\n\nYou need to sign and date every page.\n\n## Other ways to certify a copy\n\nCopies of your LPA can also be certified by:\n\n- a solicitor\n\n- a person authorised to carry out notarial activities\n\n## Change your lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can ask the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) to change your lasting power of attorney (LPA) if it\u2019s been registered and you still have mental capacity to make decisions.\n\n## If you want to remove one of your attorneys\n\nYou will need to send OPG a written statement called a \u2018partial deed of revocation\u2019.\n\nIf you want to add another attorney you need to end your LPA and make a new one.\n\nUse the following wording. Replace the words in the square brackets with the relevant details.\n\nPartial deed of revocation\n\n\u201cThis partial deed of revocation is made by [donor\u2019s name] of [donor\u2019s address].\n\n1: I granted a lasting power of attorney for property and financial affairs/health and welfare [delete as appropriate] on [date donor signed the lasting power of attorney] appointing [name of first attorney] of [address of first attorney] and [name of second attorney] of [address of second attorney] to act as my attorney(s).\n\n2: I hereby revoke [attorney\u2019s name that you are revoking] ONLY from the lasting power of attorney and the authority granted to him/her.\n\nSigned and delivered as a deed [donor\u2019s signature]\nDate signed [date] \nWitnessed by [signature of witness] \nFull name of witness [name of witness] \nAddress of witness [address of witness]\u201d\n\n## Where to send a partial deed of revocation\n\nSend the partial deed of revocation to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) with the original LPA document. You must also tell your attorney or attorneys that you\u2019re ending your LPA.\n\n## If your attorney\u2019s details change\n\nYou must write to OPG if one of your attorneys has changed their:\n\n- name - by marriage or deed poll\n\n- address\n\nYou need to provide supporting documents, such as the original marriage certificate, with their new name and address.\n\nDo not make changes to your LPA document itself, as it might become invalid. You must contact OPG to make changes to your LPA.\n\n## If one of your attorneys dies\n\nYou must tell OPG and send them:\n\n- a copy of their death certificate\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- all certified copies of the LPA\n\n- a return address where your documents can be sent back to\n\n## End your lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can end your lasting power of attorney (LPA) yourself - if you have mental capacity to make that decision.\n\nYou need to send the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) both:\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- a written statement called a \u2018deed of revocation\u2019\n\nUse the following wording for the deed of revocation. Replace the words in the square brackets with the relevant details.\n\nDeed of revocation\n\n\u201cThis deed of revocation is made by [your name] of [your address].\n\n1: I granted a lasting power of attorney for property and financial affairs/health and welfare (delete as appropriate) on [date you signed the lasting power of attorney] appointing [name of first attorney] of [address of first attorney] and [name of second attorney] of [address of second attorney] to act as my attorney(s).\n\n2: I revoke the lasting power of attorney and the authority granted by it.\n\nSigned and delivered as a deed [your signature]\nDate signed [date]\nWitnessed by [signature of witness]\nFull name of witness [name of witness]\nAddress of witness [address of witness]\u201d\n\nYou must be able to make your own decisions when you end your LPA.\n\nYou can also complain if you have concerns about your attorney, for example if they\u2019re not carrying out their responsibilities properly.\n\n## Other ways a lasting power of attorney can end\n\nYour LPA may end if your attorney:\n\n- loses the ability to make decisions - \u2018loses mental capacity\u2019\n\n- divorces you or ends your civil partnership if they\u2019re your husband, wife or partner\n\n- becomes bankrupt or they\u2019re subject to a Debt Relief Order (DRO) - if they\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney\n\n- is removed by the Court of Protection\n\n- dies\n\n## If your only attorney dies\n\nYour LPA will end if your attorney dies and you have no replacement attorneys. You must tell OPG and send them:\n\n- a copy of their death certificate\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- all certified copies of the LPA\n\n- a return address where your documents can be sent back to\n\nYour LPA can continue if:\n\n- there are other attorneys who can act \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - but not if they are only allowed to act \u2018jointly\u2019\n\n- there are replacement attorneys\n\n## If you die\n\nYour LPA will end automatically when you die. Your affairs will be looked after by your executors or personal representatives from that point, not your attorney.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/power-of-attorney", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I granted my sister lasting power of attorney five years ago, in case of an accident that would render me incapable of making my own decisions. So far, I am in good health. My sister married a new husband last year.", + "original_question": "Do I need to update this record now that my sister has changed her name through marriage?" + }, + { + "id": "train-146", + "question": "Scenario: My Uncle appointed me as his deputy to run his businesses this is after he suffered an heart attack which left him mentally ill and paralysed. I have been running the business to his satisfaction.\n\nQuestion: Will my power as his deputy be valid after he dies?\n\nDocument - Deputies: make decisions for someone who lacks capacity:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to become someone\u2019s deputy if they \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019. This means they cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made. They may still be able to make decisions for themselves at certain times.\n\nPeople may lack mental capacity because, for example:\n\n- they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness\n\n- they have dementia\n\n- they have severe learning disabilities\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019ll be authorised by the Court of Protection to make decisions on their behalf.\n\n## Types of deputy\n\nThere are 2 types of deputy.\n\n## Property and financial affairs deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll do things like pay the person\u2019s bills or organise their pension.\n\n## Personal welfare deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll make decisions about medical treatment and how someone is looked after.\n\nYou cannot become someone\u2019s personal welfare deputy if they\u2019re under 16. Get legal advice if you think the court needs to make a decision about their care.\n\nThe court will usually only appoint a personal welfare deputy if:\n\n- there\u2019s doubt whether decisions will be made in someone\u2019s best interests, for example because the family disagree about care\n\n- someone needs to be appointed to make decisions about a specific issue over time, for example where someone will live\n\nRead the full guidance about when you need to make a personal welfare application.\n\n## Becoming a deputy\n\nYou can apply to be just one type of deputy or both. If you\u2019re appointed, you\u2019ll get a court order saying what you can and cannot do.\n\nWhen you become a deputy, you must send an annual report to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made.\n\n## How to apply\n\nCheck you meet the requirements to be a deputy.\n\nSend the application forms to the Court of Protection and pay the application fee.\n\nYou do not need to be a deputy if you\u2019re just looking after someone\u2019s benefits. Apply to become an appointee instead.\n\n## Checks on your application\n\nThe Court of Protection will check:\n\n- whether the person needs a deputy or some other kind of help\n\n- there are no objections to your appointment\n\nIf you\u2019re appointed, the Office of the Public Guardian will help you carry out your responsibilities.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to be a deputy until your court order is changed, cancelled or expires.\n\n## Other ways to make decisions for someone\n\nIf you want to make a single important decision, you can apply to the Court of Protection for a one-off order.\n\nIf the person already has a lasting power of attorney (LPA) or enduring power of attorney (EPA), they do not usually need a deputy. Check if they have an LPA or EPA before you apply.\n\n## Who can apply to be a deputy\n\nYou can apply to be a deputy if you\u2019re 18 or over. Deputies are usually close relatives or friends of the person who needs help making decisions.\n\nIf you want to become a property and affairs deputy, you need to have the skills to make financial decisions for someone else.\n\nThe court can appoint 2 or more deputies for the same person.\n\n## When there\u2019s more than one deputy\n\nWhen you apply, tell the court how you\u2019ll make decisions if you\u2019re not the only deputy. It will be either:\n\n- together (\u2018joint deputyship\u2019), which means all the deputies have to agree on the decision\n\n- separately or together (\u2018jointly and severally\u2019), which means deputies can make decisions on their own or with other deputies\n\n## Other types of deputy\n\nSome people are paid to act as deputies, for example accountants, solicitors or representatives of the local authority.\n\nThe Court of Protection can appoint a specialist deputy (called a \u2018panel deputy\u2019) from a list of approved law firms and charities if no one else is available.\n\n## Responsibilities\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019re responsible for helping someone make decisions or making decisions on their behalf.\n\nYou must consider someone\u2019s level of mental capacity every time you make a decision for them - you cannot assume it\u2019s the same at all times and for all kinds of things.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a court order from the Court of Protection which says what you can and cannot do. There are also general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.\n\n## Guidance for all deputies\n\nWhen you\u2019re making a decision, you must:\n\n- make sure it\u2019s in the other person\u2019s best interests\n\n- consider what they\u2019ve done in the past\n\n- apply a high standard of care - this might mean involving other people, for example getting advice from relatives and professionals like doctors\n\n- do everything you can to help the other person understand the decision, for example explain what\u2019s going to happen with the help of pictures or sign language\n\n- add the decisions to your annual report\n\nYou must not:\n\n- restrain the person, unless it\u2019s to stop them coming to harm\n\n- stop life-sustaining medical treatment\n\n- take advantage of the person\u2019s situation, for example abuse them or profit from a decision you\u2019ve taken on their behalf\n\n- make a will for the person, or change their existing will\n\n- make gifts unless the court order says you can\n\n- hold any money or property in your own name on the person\u2019s behalf\n\n## Property and affairs deputies\n\nYou must make sure:\n\n- your own property and money is separate from the other person\u2019s\n\n- you keep records of the finances you manage on their behalf in your annual report\n\nYou may need to manage a Court Funds Office account on the other person\u2019s behalf.\n\nYou could be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years (or both) if you mistreat or neglect the person on purpose.\n\n## Apply to be a deputy\n\nYou need to download and fill in all of the following:\n\n- an application form (COP1) - you\u2019ll need to send the original form plus a copy when you apply\n\n- an assessment of capacity form (COP3)\n\n- a deputy\u2019s declaration (COP4)\n\nYou also need to download and fill in:\n\n- a supporting information form (COP1A) if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy\n\n- a supporting information form (COP1B) if you\u2019re applying to be a personal welfare deputy\n\nYou must name at least 3 people in your application who know the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for. For example, their relatives, a social worker or doctor.\n\nThe court may not accept your application if you do not send the \u2018assessment of capacity\u2019 (COP3) form.\n\nIf you cannot get an assessment, you must download and fill in a witness statement (COP24) to explain why you think the person you\u2019re applying about lacks capacity.\n\nYou should keep a copy of every form you fill in.\n\n## Where to send your forms\n\nSend the forms, including 2 copies of the application form (COP1), to the Court of Protection with a cheque for the application fee.\n\n## Tell people named in your application\n\nThe court will aim to send you a stamped copy of your application within a week of receiving it. This means your application is being considered (it has been \u2018issued\u2019). You\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining what to do next.\n\nWithin 14 days of the application being issued, you must tell (sometimes called \u2018serving\u2019) the following people:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for\n\n- at least 3 people named in your application as having an interest, for example the person\u2019s relatives, social worker or doctor\n\nIf you cannot tell 3 people you should send in a witness statement (COP24).\n\n## Tell the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for\n\nYou or your representative must visit the person and tell them:\n\n- who\u2019s applying to be their deputy\n\n- that their ability to make decisions is being questioned\n\n- what having a deputy would mean for them\n\n- where to get advice if they want to discuss the application\n\nDuring the visit give them:\n\n- a completed proceedings notification form (COP14) - use the guidance notes to fill this in yourself\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\n## Tell people connected to your application\n\nYou must tell 3 people named on your application that it has been issued.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirming that you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)\n\nWithin 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the relevant forms (sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for (COP20A)\n\n- other people named in the application (COP20B)\n\nSend them all together to the Court of Protection.\n\n## Fees\n\nYou must pay:\n\n- a fee to apply to be a deputy\n\n- a supervision fee every year after you\u2019ve been appointed\n\nYou may also have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy.\n\n## When you apply\n\nYou must pay a \u00a3365 application fee. Send this with your application form.\n\nYou need to pay the application fee twice if you\u2019re applying to become both types of deputy.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a3485 if the court decides your case needs a hearing. The court will tell you when you need to pay this.\n\nMake all cheques payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\n## Security bonds for property and affairs deputies\n\nYou may have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy. This is a type of insurance that protects the finances of the person you\u2019re a deputy for.\n\nYou do not have to set up a bond if either:\n\n- you\u2019re representing a local authority\n\n- the court decides it\u2019s not necessary, for example if the person\u2019s estate has a low value\n\nIf you need to set one up, you\u2019ll get a letter from the court telling you this. The letter will explain what to do next.\n\nYou set up the bond with a security bond provider. The amount you pay depends on:\n\n- the value of the estate of the person you\u2019re a deputy for\n\n- how much of their estate you control\n\nYou can pay it either:\n\n- using the person\u2019s money\n\n- yourself - you can get the money back from the person\u2019s estate once you have access to it\n\nYou may be prosecuted if you misuse the person\u2019s money.\n\n## After you\u2019ve been appointed\n\nYou must pay an annual supervision fee depending on what level of supervision your deputyship needs. You\u2019ll pay:\n\n- \u00a3320 for general supervision\n\n- \u00a335 for minimal supervision - this applies to some property and affairs deputies managing less than \u00a321,000\n\nYour annual supervision fee is due on 31 March for the previous year.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay a \u00a3100 assessment fee if you\u2019re a new deputy.\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will tell you how and when to pay your assessment and supervision fees.\n\nYou may be able to claim a refund of your fees in certain situations.\n\n## Getting help with your application fee\n\nYou may not have to pay an application fee depending on:\n\n- what type of deputy you\u2019re applying to be\n\n- how much money you or the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for has\n\n| Type of deputy | Whose finances will be assessed |\n\n| Property and financial affairs | Theirs |\n\n| Personal welfare | Yours |\n\nThe guidance has information about getting help with your fees.\n\nYou can claim back the fee from the funds of the person you want to be a deputy for if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy.\n\nThe fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving the application.\n\n## Getting help with your supervision fees\n\nYou can apply for an exemption or reduction of the fee if the person you\u2019re a deputy for gets certain benefits or has an income below \u00a312,000. Read the guidance that comes with the form and apply if the person meets the requirements. The address is on the form.\n\nIf the person you\u2019re deputy for dies, you pay the supervision fee for the part of the year when you acted as deputy. For example, you\u2019ll have to pay \u00a317.50 if your minimal supervision deputyship comes to an end after 6 months.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nThere\u2019s a 14-day wait after you tell the other people involved that you applied, in case they object.\n\nThe Court of Protection will then review your application and tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you need to set up a security bond before you can be appointed\n\n- you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services\n\n- it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to get more information, for example if someone objected\n\nThere\u2019s usually no hearing if you applied to be a property and financial affairs deputy.\n\nRead guidance on how coronavirus (COVID-19) might affect your hearing and what you should bring.\n\n## Tell the person you want to be a deputy for about the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a notice with the date of the hearing if the court decides to hold one. You must visit the person you want to be deputy for and tell them about it:\n\n- within 14 days of getting the notice\n\n- at least 14 days before the date of the hearing\n\nGive them a completed notice about proceedings (COP14). Use the guidance notes to fill it in.\n\nYou must explain that they can contact Court of Protection staff for advice and assistance.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve told them, send a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.\n\nThe guidance explains what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.\n\n## When you're appointed\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a \u2018court order\u2019 telling you what you can and cannot do as a deputy. When you have this, you can start acting on the person\u2019s behalf.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the court order:\n\n- as soon as you\u2019re appointed - if you\u2019re a personal welfare deputy\n\n- after you set up a security bond - if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and have been asked to do this by the court\n\nYou\u2019ll need a separate court order before you can:\n\n- sell a property that\u2019s jointly owned if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy\n\n- make a one-off decision on anything else that\u2019s not covered by the court order\n\nCheck the court order. If there are any mistakes, download and fill in form COP9 with the details and send it to the court within 21 days of receiving the court order. There is no fee.\n\n## Tell people and organisations you\u2019re a deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll get official copies of the court order to send to banks and building societies, for example. These prove you\u2019re acting on behalf of the other person. When you send out an official copy, ask for it to be returned.\n\nOrder extra copies of the court order by writing to the Court of Protection. They cost \u00a35 each.\n\n## Start managing a bank account\n\nBefore you can manage an account, you must show the bank:\n\n- the original court order, or an official copy of it\n\n- proof of your name, for example your passport or driving licence\n\n- proof of your address, for example a gas, electricity or council tax bill, or letter from a government department\n\n- proof of the name or address of the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for - if they\u2019re not the same as on the bank account\n\n## Court Funds Office accounts\n\nIf the person you\u2019re deputy for has money in a Court Funds Office account, you\u2019ll be sent information about how to access it.\n\nYou can also apply to open an account with the Court Funds Office if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and it\u2019s in the person\u2019s best interests.\n\n## Record your decisions and transactions\n\nYou can start your annual report to record your decisions and transactions, such as paying bills.\n\n## Supervision, support and visits\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019ll be supervised by the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG). They\u2019re authorised to contact you or visit you to check you\u2019re being an effective deputy. They can also give you advice and support.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be supervised\n\nNew deputies get a \u2018general\u2019 level of supervision for their first year.\n\nAfter that, if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy you\u2019ll move to \u2018minimal\u2019 supervision if both:\n\n- you\u2019re managing less than \u00a321,000\n\n- you no longer need a general level of supervision\n\nYou\u2019ll pay a lower fee and have to write a shorter annual report than deputies with general supervision.\n\n## Supervision visits\n\nYou may be visited by a Court of Protection visitor to check if you:\n\n- understand your duties\n\n- have the right level of support from OPG\n\n- are carrying out your duties properly\n\n- are being investigated because of a complaint\n\nThe visitor will call you to arrange the visit and explain why they\u2019re visiting.\n\n## Contact OPG\n\nTell OPG if you\u2019re planning to make an important decision, for example you want to sell the property of the person you\u2019re deputy for so they can move into a care home.\n\n## Accounts, gifts and expenses\n\nYou must keep accounts and follow the rules for gifts and expenses if you\u2019re acting as deputy for someone else. You must also record the transactions in your annual report.\n\n## Accounts\n\nAs a property and affairs deputy, you must keep copies of:\n\n- bank statements\n\n- contracts for services or tradespeople\n\n- receipts\n\n- letters and emails about your activities as a deputy\n\n## Gifts\n\nYour court order will say if you can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the other person, including donations to charities. It will also say if there\u2019s an annual limit on how much money you can use for gifts.\n\nGifts must be reasonable. You need to make sure any gifts do not reduce the level of care the person you\u2019re deputy for can afford.\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if you want to make a one-off large gift for Inheritance Tax purposes, for example.\n\n## Expenses\n\nYou can claim expenses for things you must do to carry out your role as deputy, for example phone calls, postage and travel costs. You cannot claim:\n\n- travel costs for social visits\n\n- for the time spent carrying out your duties (unless you\u2019re a professional deputy, for example a solicitor)\n\nYou may be asked to give a detailed report of what you spent. You\u2019ll have to pay the money back if the Office of the Public Guardian finds your expenses are unreasonable. They may ask the court to stop you being a deputy if they think you\u2019ve been dishonest.\n\n## Complete your deputy report\n\nYou must write a report each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made as a deputy. You might be asked to do this more often if the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) needs additional information.\n\nYou may also need to write a final report if you stop being a deputy.\n\nIf you\u2019re a public authority or professional deputy using the service for the first time, you need to contact your case manager to register first. If you\u2019re a deputy for a friend or family member, you can create an account online.\n\nStart now\n\nOr you can download and fill in a paper annual report form. The address you need to send it to is on the form.\n\n## What to include\n\nYour report must include:\n\n- the reasons for your decisions and why they were in the best interests of the person you\u2019re deputy for\n\n- who you spoke to and why what they said was in the person\u2019s best interests\n\n- the finances of the person if you\u2019re their property and financial deputy\n\nThe OPG will tell you when it\u2019s time to send it.\n\nIf you do not send the report the OPG might:\n\n- increase your level of supervision\n\n- ask the court to replace you with a different deputy\n\n## Change your deputyship or make a one-off decision\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if you have to:\n\n- renew your deputyship\n\n- change your deputyship, for example make decisions that are not in the original order\n\n- make a one-off decision on something not covered by your court order\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in both:\n\n- an application form (COP 1)\n\n- a witness statement form (COP24) with a copy of the current order appointing you as a deputy attached\n\nYour witness statement should include:\n\n- the total annual income of the person you\u2019re a deputy for including pensions\n\n- a summary of their assets, for example bank balances, savings, investments\n\n- details of property they own\n\n- the annual cost of their care and other regular items of major expenditure\n\n- the value of the security bond set by the court\n\n- a description of the circumstances that have led to the application being made\n\nSend the Court of Protection:\n\n- the completed forms\n\n- a cheque for the application fee - \u00a3365 - payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nYou can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nIf you need help with changing your deputyship, call the Court of Protection.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou may have to notify other people about the change to the court order if the court tells you to.\n\nThey can object or ask the court to reconsider any proposed changes they do not agree with. They can do this:\n\n- before the court order is issued\n\n- up to 21 days after the court order is issued\n\n## End your deputyship\n\nIf you no longer want or need to be a deputy, download and fill in the application notice (COP1) and send it to the Court of Protection.\n\nIf the person has recovered mental capacity, download and fill in form COP 9. Send it to the Court of Protection with any supporting evidence, for example a doctor\u2019s letter.\n\nYou cannot stop being a deputy until you\u2019ve got the relevant court order.\n\n## If the person you\u2019re deputy for dies\n\nContact the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and the Court of Protection to tell them that the person has died.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to send evidence to OPG that the person has died, for example a death certificate. Check the full list of evidence that OPG accepts.\n\nYour security bond will remain in force for 2 years after the death of the person you\u2019re a deputy for unless there\u2019s a court order cancelling it.\n\nContact the Court Funds Office if the person you were deputy for had an account with them.\n\nRead more about how to be a deputy.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-deputy", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Uncle appointed me as his deputy to run his businesses this is after he suffered an heart attack which left him mentally ill and paralysed. I have been running the business to his satisfaction.", + "original_question": "Will my power as his deputy be valid after he dies?" + }, + { + "id": "train-147", + "question": "Scenario: I am currently getting Reduced Earnings Allowance and really not an a regular work and will be soon turn 66\n\nQuestion: Will I still be eligible for Reduced Earnings Allowance ?\n\nDocument - Reduced Earnings Allowance:\n## Overview\n\nIf you cannot earn as much as you used to because of an accident or disease caused by your work, you could get up to \u00a373.16 per week Reduced Earnings Allowance.\n\nYou can only get it for accidents that happened, or diseases that started, before 1 October 1990.\n\nYou may also be able to get Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB).\n\n## Effect on other benefits\n\nReduced Earnings Allowance could affect any income-related benefits that you or your partner get.\n\nContact the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre for details.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou could get up to \u00a373.16 per week.\n\nWhat you get depends on how much you earn in your regular employment.\n\nAsk the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre about how much you can get.\n\nReduced Earnings Allowance will be replaced by another benefit called Retirement Allowance if both the following apply:\n\n- you reach State Pension age\n\n- you\u2019re not in regular employment\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou could get Reduced Earnings Allowance if you have an illness or disability caused by a work-related accident or disease that happened before 1 October 1990.\n\nYou must also meet all of the following criteria:\n\n- your level of disability is assessed to be at least 1%\n\n- you cannot return to your regular occupation\n\n- you cannot do other work with the same level of earnings as your regular occupation\n\n## Going abroad\n\nIf you leave the UK to live abroad permanently, you may not be able to get Reduced Earnings Allowance.\n\nCheck if you can get benefits if you move to the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland.\n\nFor temporary visits to countries outside the EEA, you can usually claim for the first 3 months of your stay.\n\nThis can be longer in special circumstances - check with the International Pensions Centre to see if you qualify.\n\n## Your circumstances change\n\nTell the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre straight away if your circumstances change, for example:\n\n- you stop or start work\n\n- you change your occupation\n\n- your earnings change\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou\u2019ll need to fill in and post a claim form.\n\nContact the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre to get a form.\n\nThe form comes with notes that will:\n\n- help you fill it in\n\n- tell you where to send it\n\nClaim straight away or you might lose benefit.\n\n## Contact the Barnsley IIDB centre\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reduced-earnings-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am currently getting Reduced Earnings Allowance and really not an a regular work and will be soon turn 66", + "original_question": "Will I still be eligible for Reduced Earnings Allowance ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-149", + "question": "Scenario: My 21 year old sister from Surrey keeps visiting my father who has dementia in the care home he is located in and is manipulating him for money.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible to stop her from visiting him?\n\nDocument - Apply for a one-off decision from the Court of Protection:\n## Overview\n\nApply to the Court of Protection if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re concerned about the personal welfare or property and financial affairs of someone who\u2019s lost mental capacity\n\n- you want to get a one-off decision, for example to stop someone visiting a person who\u2019s lost mental capacity in a nursing home\n\nYou can only apply to the court if there\u2019s a major disagreement about a serious decision which cannot be agreed any other way. There are general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.\n\nCheck if someone has an attorney or deputy acting for them before you apply.\n\n## If there\u2019s an immediate risk to the person\n\nApply for an emergency or urgent court order if you think there\u2019s an immediate risk to the person, for example they need emergency medical treatment they cannot consent to.\n\n## If the person needs long-term help\n\nYou may have to apply to become a deputy if the person needs long-term help with decisions about personal welfare or property and financial affairs.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- an application form (COP1) - send the original and 2 copies\n\n- an assessment of capacity form (COP3) - get the person\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to fill in the relevant parts, and send the original and a copy\n\nYou may also need to download and fill in:\n\n- supporting information for property and financial affairs decisions (COP1A) - include any other relevant details by sending a completed witness form (COP24) with your application\n\n- supporting information for personal welfare applications (COP1B) - send the original and a copy\n\nYou must pay \u00a3365 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nSend a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your completed forms.\n\nRead the application form guidance notes (COP1) if you need help.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou must tell:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\n- people connected to the application\n\nTell them after you apply.\n\n## Tell other people you've applied\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms - they\u2019ll be stamped with an issue date.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get a letter from the court telling you what to do next.\n\nYou must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) certain people about the application within 14 days of the issue date.\n\n## Tell the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\nYou or your representative must visit the person and tell them:\n\n- who\u2019s applying to get a one-off decision about their personal welfare or property and financial affairs\n\n- that their ability to make decisions is being questioned\n\n- what the one-off decision would mean for them\n\n- where to get advice if they want to discuss the application\n\nYou must give the person:\n\n- a completed form COP 14 - use the guidance notes to fill it in yourself\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5), so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nThe person can get advice and assistance from the Court of Protection.\n\n## Tell people connected to the application\n\nYou must tell people named on your application that it\u2019s been issued.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirm you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)\n\nYou must confirm you\u2019ve told people within 7 days of sending the forms. Download and fill in both:\n\n- form (COP20A) for the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\n- form (COP20B) for other people named in the application\n\nThese forms are sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019.\n\nYou must send both forms to the Court of Protection at the same time.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll hear from the Court of Protection after you\u2019ve \u2018served notice\u2019 (told other people you\u2019ve applied).\n\nThe court will tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services\n\n- it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to make a decision, and when and where it\u2019ll take place\n\n## If there\u2019s a hearing\n\nYou must attend the hearing. You\u2019ll get a letter with a hearing date (\u2018notice\u2019) if the court decides to have a hearing.\n\nYou must tell the person you\u2019re getting a decision for about the hearing:\n\n- within 14 days of getting the notice\n\n- at least 14 days before the date of the hearing\n\nFill in the notice about proceedings (COP14) and give it to the person you\u2019re getting a decision for. Use the guidance notes if you need help.\n\nThe person can contact the Court of Protection for advice and assistance - you must explain this to them.\n\nSend a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days of when you told the person.\n\nYou must pay \u00a3500 if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nIf there\u2019s a hearing, you\u2019ll get a decision at it or afterwards by post.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision by post if there is not a hearing.\n\n## Challenge a decision\n\nYou can apply to the court for the decision to be reconsidered if it was made without a hearing - use form (COP9).\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nYou must ask for permission to appeal if there was a hearing. Download and fill in the appellants\u2019 notice (COP35).\n\nYou must pay \u00a3230. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oneoff-decision-personal-welfare", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My 21 year old sister from Surrey keeps visiting my father who has dementia in the care home he is located in and is manipulating him for money.", + "original_question": "Is it possible to stop her from visiting him?" + }, + { + "id": "train-150", + "question": "Scenario: I am a freelance graphic designer. I recently contracted COVID-19 and I am now recovering with it. It rendered me bedridden and I couldn't work.\n\nQuestion: Now that I am taking freelance work again, can I still claim Employment and Support Allowance?\n\nDocument - Employment and Support Allowance (ESA):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.\n\nYou may also be able to get ESA if you were unable to work while self-isolating or \u2018shielding\u2019 because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nESA gives you:\n\n- money to help with living costs if you\u2019re unable to work\n\n- support to get back into work if you\u2019re able to\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re employed, self-employed or unemployed.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you\u2019re under State Pension age and you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.\n\nYou also need to have both:\n\n- worked as an employee or have been self-employed\n\n- paid enough National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years - National Insurance credits also count\n\nCheck your National Insurance record for gaps.\n\nYou could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. Universal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs.\n\nYou cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you:\n\n- claim Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- claim Statutory Sick Pay\n\n## If your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is due to end\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends. You\u2019ll start getting \u2018new style\u2019 ESA as soon as your SSP ends.\n\n## If you\u2019re working\n\nYou can apply whether you\u2019re in or out of work. There are conditions to working while claiming ESA.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re unable to claim Statutory Sick Pay and one of the following applies:\n\n- you or your child might have COVID-19 or you\u2019re recovering from it\n\n- you or your child are self-isolating because you came into contact with someone who might have COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- you were advised to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19\n\nShielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming ESA because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll need to give evidence to support your claim.\n\n## Proof if you\u2019re self-isolating because of COVID-19\n\nIf you or your child are self-isolating and you cannot work because of COVID-19, you can get an \u2018isolation note\u2019 online from NHS 111 if you\u2019ve been off work for 7 or more days. You do not have to go to your doctor or a hospital.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, your notification is proof.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery, your letter confirming the date of your procedure is proof.\n\n## Proof if you were advised to shield because of COVID-19\n\nYour doctor or health authority should have sent you a letter advising you or your child to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19.\n\nThe letter will have included the period to shield for. It is proof of your eligibility for ESA for days away from work in that period.\n\nYou may have more than one letter covering more than one shielding period.\n\nContact your doctor if you do not have a letter but think you should have one.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get will depend on what stage your application is at, as well as things like your age and whether you\u2019re able to get back into work.\n\nIf you get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019ll earn Class 1 National Insurance credits, which can help towards your State Pension and some benefits in the future.\n\n## What might affect how much you get paid\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\nNeither your or your partner\u2019s savings or income will affect how much \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019re paid. But a private pension worth more than \u00a385 per week may affect how much you can get.\n\nIf you get income-related ESA, your household income and savings worth \u00a36,000 or more may affect how much you can get.\n\n## While your claim is being assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 for 13 weeks while your claim is being assessed.\n\nThis will be:\n\n- up to \u00a359.20 a week if you\u2019re aged under 25\n\n- up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re aged 25 or over\n\nIf it takes longer than 13 weeks to assess your claim, you\u2019ll continue getting the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until you get a decision or until your ESA is due to end. Your ESA will be backdated if you\u2019re owed any money after 13 weeks.\n\n## After you\u2019re assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll be placed into one of 2 groups if you\u2019re entitled to ESA. If you\u2019re able to get back into work in the future, you\u2019ll be put into the work-related activity group. Otherwise, you\u2019ll be put into the support group.\n\nYou\u2019ll get:\n\n- up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group\n\n- up to \u00a3114.10 a week if you\u2019re in the support group\n\n## If you\u2019re in the support group\n\nIf you\u2019re in the support group and on income-related ESA, you\u2019re also entitled to the enhanced disability premium.\n\nYou may also qualify for the severe disability premium.\n\nFind out how to apply for a disability premium.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYou\u2019ll get paid ESA every 2 weeks.\n\nAll benefits are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Other benefits you can claim\n\nUniversal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs. You could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to find out what other benefits you could get, for example Personal Independence Payment (PIP) if you have a long-term health condition or disability.\n\nThe benefit cap may affect the total amount of benefit you can get. The cap will not affect you if you\u2019re in the support group.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving to Universal Credit from income-related ESA\n\nIf your income-related ESA claim is ending because you\u2019re making a new claim for Universal Credit, you\u2019ll automatically continue to get the amount of ESA you currently receive, as long as you\u2019re still eligible. You\u2019ll normally get this for 2 weeks, starting from the date of your new claim.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you telling you how this works.\n\nYou do not need to pay this money back, and it will not affect the amount of Universal Credit you get.\n\n## Budgeting Loan\n\nYou can apply for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on income-related ESA for at least 6 months.\n\n## Advice on money and debt\n\nYou can get help and advice from your Jobcentre Plus work coach or:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Money Advice Service\n\n- National Debtline\n\n- Shelter\n\n- Turn2us\n\n## Working while you claim\n\nYou can usually work while you are claiming ESA if both of the following apply:\n\n- you work less than 16 hours a week\n\n- you do not earn more than \u00a3143 a week\n\nTell Jobcentre Plus about your work when you make a claim.\n\nSend this form to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re already claiming ESA and you want to start work.\n\n## When you can work 16 hours or more a week\n\nYou can work more than 16 hours a week if the work is either voluntary or \u2018supported permitted work\u2019.\n\n## Supported permitted work\n\nThe work must be either:\n\n- supervised by someone from a local council or voluntary organisation who arranges work for disabled people\n\n- part of a treatment programme under medical supervision\n\nYou can still earn no more than \u00a3143 a week.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. \nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to apply in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you need to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- your bank or building society account number and sort code (you can use a friend or family member\u2019s account if you do not have one)\n\n- your doctor\u2019s name, address and telephone number\n\n- details of your income if you\u2019re working\n\n- the date your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) ends if you\u2019re claiming it\n\nYou cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re getting Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) from an employer. You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll also need:\n\n- an \u2018isolation note\u2019 if you\u2019re unable to work because of COVID-19\n\n- your notification from the NHS or public health authorities if you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate because you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- a letter confirming the date of your procedure if you\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- a letter from your doctor or a health authority advising you or your child to shield (take extra precautions to reduce contact with others) because you\u2019re at very high risk of severe illness from COVID-19\n\nShielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll be contacted by phone and told when to give the evidence and where to send it.\n\nApply now\n\n## When you can apply by phone\n\nCall the Universal Credit helpline if:\n\n- you cannot make an application online\n\n- you\u2019re an appointee for someone\n\n## After you apply\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will contact you within 10 working days of applying.\n\n## If you\u2019re eligible\n\nDWP will contact you within 10 working days to schedule an appointment that you must attend. It will normally be over the phone with a work coach from your local Jobcentre Plus office.\n\nYour work coach will explain what you need to do to get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. They will create an agreement with you called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019.\n\nYou must agree to your Claimant Commitment before you can get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.\n\nAt the appointment, you\u2019ll be asked to:\n\n- explain how your illness or disability affects your ability to work\n\n- provide medical evidence\n\n- agree to tell your local Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nDWP will send you a letter within 10 working days of applying to explain why you\u2019re not eligible for ESA.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## Reapplying for ESA\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\nYou may be able to reapply after your \u2018new style\u2019 ESA ends. You may qualify again depending on:\n\n- what National Insurance contributions you paid in the last 2 full tax years before the tax year you\u2019re claiming in\n\n- whether you\u2019re placed in the support group because you developed a new condition or your health deteriorated\n\n## Your ESA claim\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made your claim, you\u2019ll be told if you need to have a \u2018Work Capability Assessment\u2019 and what group you\u2019ll be put in.\n\n## Work Capability Assessment\n\nA Work Capability Assessment is used to find out if your illness or disability affects how much you can work.\n\nYou might not need one, for example if you\u2019re in hospital or you have a terminal illness.\n\nIf you need a Work Capability Assessment you\u2019ll get a letter telling you to fill in the \u2018Capability for work questionnaire\u2019 and send it to the Health Assessment Advisory Service. The address is on the form. The questionnaire is different in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what happens next, for example if you need an appointment to understand your health condition better.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming both Universal Credit and \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you\u2019ll only have one Work Capability Assessment.\n\nYou can ask for your assessment to be recorded. If you would like this, tell the Health Assessment Advisory Service using the contact details in your appointment invite letter.\n\n## How the assessment happens\n\nAssessments can be in person, by video call or on the phone. You\u2019ll be told how your assessment will take place.\n\nIf you\u2019re asked to attend in person you\u2019ll be told how to do this safely because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can bring one adult from your household with you.\n\nIf your assessment is by phone or video call, you can have someone else with you, for example a friend or support worker. You can ask the assessor to call them if they\u2019re not with you when the assessment starts.\n\nYou\u2019ll stay on the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until a decision can be made on your Work Capability Assessment.\n\n## After your claim is assessed\n\nIf you\u2019re entitled to ESA you\u2019ll be placed in one of 2 groups:\n\n- a work-related activity group (you cannot work now, but can prepare to work in the future, for example by writing a CV)\n\n- a support group (you cannot work now and you\u2019re not expected to prepare for work in the future)\n\n## If you\u2019re in the work-related activity group\n\nYou must attend regular interviews with a work coach. They can help you improve your skills or write a CV to help you get back into work.\n\n## If you\u2019re in the support group\n\nYou\u2019re usually in this group if your illness or disability severely limits what you can do. You do not have to go to interviews. You can tell your work coach if you\u2019d like to take part in work-related activities.\n\n## How long you\u2019ll get ESA for\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\n\u2018New style\u2019 and contribution-based ESA last for 365 days if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group.\n\nThere\u2019s no time limit if you\u2019re in the support group, or if you\u2019re getting income-related ESA.\n\nTo keep getting ESA you must report any change in your circumstances. You may also need to send fit notes regularly.\n\n## If you get a sanction\n\nYour ESA can be reduced if you do not attend interviews or do work-related activity as agreed with your work coach in your \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019. This reduction can continue for up to 4 weeks after you restart work-related activities.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter to say you may be sanctioned. Tell your work coach if you have a good reason for not doing what was agreed in your Claimant Commitment.\n\nYou\u2019ll get another letter if the decision is made to give you a sanction. Your benefit will only be affected once a decision has been made.\n\nYou should contact your local council immediately if you claim Housing Benefit or Council Tax Reduction. They\u2019ll tell you what to do to continue getting support.\n\nIf you get a sanction you can:\n\n- ask for the decision to be looked at again\n\n- ask for a hardship payment\n\nYou will not get a sanction if you\u2019re in the support group.\n\n## Hardship payments\n\nIf you get income-related ESA, you may be able to get a hardship payment if your benefit has been reduced because of a sanction or a penalty due to suspected benefit fraud.\n\nA hardship payment is a reduced amount of your ESA. You do not have to pay it back.\n\nYou can get a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or other basic needs for you or your family. You must be 18 or over.\n\nSpeak to your Jobcentre Plus adviser or work coach to find out how to claim a hardship payment.\n\n## Report a change of circumstances\n\nYou need to report changes to your circumstances so you keep getting the right amount of Employment and Support Allowance (ESA).\n\nYour claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change straight away.\n\nA change of circumstance can include:\n\n- starting or stopping work, education, training or an apprenticeship\n\n- moving house\n\n- changing your name\n\n- people moving into or out of the place you live (for example your partner or a child)\n\n- changes to the benefits you or anyone else in your house gets\n\n- changes to your pension, savings, investments or property\n\n- changes to other money you get (for example student loans or grants, sick pay or money you get from a charity)\n\n- changing your doctor\n\n- any changes to your medical condition or disability\n\n- going into hospital or a care home or sheltered accommodation\n\n- going abroad for any length of time\n\n- changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nCall Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not sure whether you need to report a change.\n\nYou may be prosecuted or have to pay a \u00a350 penalty if you give wrong or incomplete information.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nIf you give wrong or incomplete information or do not report a change straight away, you might be paid too much. If you are, you might have to\u00a0pay some of the money back.\n\n## How to report\n\nYou can report a change of circumstances by:\n\n- calling Jobcentre Plus\n\n- writing to the Jobcentre Plus office that pays your ESA - the address is on the letters you get about your ESA\n\nIf you get Universal Credit at the same time as \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you must also report the changes of circumstances in your Universal Credit account.\n\n## British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service\n\nWatch a video to check you can use the service\n\nGo to the video relay service\n\nMonday to Friday, 8am to 6pm.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland contact the ESA Centre.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a freelance graphic designer. I recently contracted COVID-19 and I am now recovering with it. It rendered me bedridden and I couldn't work.", + "original_question": "Now that I am taking freelance work again, can I still claim Employment and Support Allowance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-151", + "question": "Scenario: My grandmother has a large estate. She is currently suffering from dementia, but has indicated that she would like me to manage her estate upon her death. Some of my family members want to use her condition to deprive her of her assets. I don't think she has made a will.\n\nQuestion: Can I make a will on her behalf?\n\nDocument - Make a statutory will on behalf of someone else:\n## Overview\n\nApply to the Court of Protection if you want to make (or change) a will on behalf of someone who cannot do it themselves.\n\nThis may be because, for example:\n\n- they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness\n\n- they have dementia\n\nYou can apply when the person is not able to understand:\n\n- what making or changing a will means\n\n- how much money they have or what property they own\n\n- how making or changing a will might affect the people they know (either those mentioned in the will or those left out)\n\nSomeone who has lost the mental capacity to manage their finances may still have the ability to make a will. A solicitor will usually be able to tell you if they are.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Download, fill in and return the forms with details of the proposed will and supporting documents.\n\n- Tell other people that you\u2019ve applied.\n\n- Attend a hearing if the Court of Protection decides to hold one.\n\n- Sign the will, have it witnessed and send it to the Court of Protection to have it \u2018sealed\u2019.\n\n## Emergency applications\n\nYou can apply to the Court of Protection for an emergency decision on a statutory will if the person you\u2019re applying for only has a short time to live.\n\n## Get legal advice\n\nYou can get legal advice from:\n\n- a solicitor - you\u2019ll have to pay for this\n\n- organisations which give advice for free, for example Citizens Advice Bureau\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the following forms to apply to make a will on behalf of someone, or to make changes to their existing will:\n\n- application form (COP1)\n\n- witness statement (COP24)\n\n- information form (COP1C)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to prove to the Court of Protection that the person is not able to make a will by themselves.\n\nDownload and fill in assessment of capacity form (COP3) - you\u2019ll need to get the person\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to fill in the relevant parts.\n\nSend the completed forms, your supporting documents and payment to the Court of Protection.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include the following information and documents:\n\n- a copy of the person\u2019s current will and any amendments (\u2018codicils\u2019)\n\n- a copy of the proposed new will or codicil\n\n- a copy of any deputyship order\n\n- details of the people who have agreed to deal with the will after the person\u2019s death (\u2018executors\u2019)\n\n- a copy of any registered lasting power of attorney or registered enduring power of attorney\n\n- the person\u2019s family tree\n\n- reasons the person might be expected to provide for people named in the will (\u2018beneficiaries\u2019)\n\n- the person\u2019s address and details about where they\u2019re living, for example care home, hospital\n\nYou must also provide:\n\n- details of the person\u2019s estate and assets\n\n- accounts showing their estimated income and outgoings\n\n- details of any inheritance tax payable in the event of the person\u2019s death\n\n## Acting in the other person\u2019s best interest\n\nDecisions taken on someone\u2019s behalf must always be in their best interest. You must consider:\n\n- what they would do if they were able to make a will themselves\n\n- their beliefs and personal values\n\n- how they\u2019ve acted and made decisions for themselves in the past\n\nRead the Court of Protection practice direction (9E) for more information and an example of a statutory will.\n\n## Fees\n\nAn application for a statutory will costs \u00a3365.\n\nYou may also have to pay:\n\n- \u00a3485 if the court decides to hold a hearing (including telephone hearings)\n\n- solicitor\u2019s fees if a solicitor is appointed by the Official Solicitor to act as the person\u2019s litigation friend\n\n- Counsel\u2019s fees (if there are any)\n\n## How to pay\n\nSend a cheque for \u00a3365 made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your completed forms and supporting documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told when you need to pay any additional costs, for example for court hearings.\n\nYou may be able to claim back any fees you pay from the estate of the person you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## Exemptions and refunds\n\nYou may not have to pay an application or hearing fee, depending on the circumstances of the person you\u2019re applying for, for example they:\n\n- have low (or no) income\n\n- are on certain types of benefit\n\nDownload and fill in the application for a fee remission form and send it the Court of Protection with your application forms. The form contains guidance about exemptions.\n\nThe fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving your application.\n\n## After you apply\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a letter to confirm that your application has been received.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get a stamped copy of your application form and a \u2018directions order\u2019 from the court telling you what to do next.\n\n## The Official Solicitor\n\nThe directions order might tell you to write to the Official Solicitor to tell them about your application. The Official Solicitor makes sure that people who cannot make decisions for themselves have someone to represent them in court cases.\n\n## Tell people named in your application\n\nYour directions order will say who you must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) about your application. This could include the person who the application is about and:\n\n- anyone named in an existing will who would be affected financially, for example they are not a beneficiary in the new will\n\n- anyone who would be expected to benefit if the person were to die without a will (\u2018intestate\u2019), for example family members\n\n- any other people named on your application\n\n- the Official Solicitor\n\nYou must serve both of the following documents within 14 days of the application being issued:\n\n- notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- acknowledgment of service form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about the application and register any objection\n\nYou can serve them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\nYou\u2019ll be given time to reach a decision with the people you\u2019ve served. The Court of Protection may hold a hearing if you cannot.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nThe Court of Protection will tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you have to provide more information, for example further medical reports\n\n- there\u2019ll be a hearing to get more information\n\n## Court hearings\n\nThe Court of Protection will hold a hearing, or hearings, if you have not been able to reach a decision with the people you\u2019ve served.\n\nYou can also get a solicitor to represent you during the hearing.\n\nRead the guidance on what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a hearing fee after the court makes their final decision.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nYou can ask for a decision that was made without a hearing to be reconsidered any time within 21 days of the decision being made.\n\nTo appeal a decision made at a court hearing download and fill in the Appellants Notice Form COP 35.\n\nYou must pay \u00a3320. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nSend the form to the Court of Protection with a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\n## Finalising the will\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a court order confirming that your application has been accepted with a letter telling you what to do next.\n\n## Sign the will\n\nYou must sign 2 copies of the will. Both copies should be signed in your name and in the name of the person the will has been made for. You must also get 2 witnesses (aged 18 or over) to sign them.\n\nThe witnesses must:\n\n- be with you when you sign the will\n\n- sign the will straight after you\n\nSend the 2 signed copies of the statutory will to the Court of Protection.\n\nThe 2 copies will be given the court\u2019s official seal and sent back to you.\n\n## When the person dies\n\nThe statutory will can be handled (\u2018executed\u2019) in the normal way, as if the person had made the will themselves.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-statutory-will", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My grandmother has a large estate. She is currently suffering from dementia, but has indicated that she would like me to manage her estate upon her death. Some of my family members want to use her condition to deprive her of her assets. I don't think she has made a will.", + "original_question": "Can I make a will on her behalf?" + }, + { + "id": "train-153", + "question": "Scenario: My 33 year old sister has recently had an accident in work causing her to be partially blind, she is due a large pay-out next year but is no longer able to work.\n\nQuestion: Can she claim blind persons allowance with a large amount of savings?\n\nDocument - Blind Person's Allowance:\n## Overview\n\nBlind Person\u2019s Allowance is an extra amount of tax-free allowance.\n\nIt means you can earn more before you start paying Income Tax.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nBlind Person\u2019s Allowance is added to your yearly Personal Allowance - the amount of money you can earn before you start paying Income Tax.\n\n| Tax year | Blind Person\u2019s Allowance |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | \u00a32,520 |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | \u00a32,500 |\n\nIf you and your spouse or civil partner are both eligible, you\u2019ll each get an allowance.\n\nYou can transfer your Blind Person\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner if you do not pay tax or earn enough to use all of your allowance.\n\n## Previous tax years\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) publishes tables with tax rates that include Blind Person\u2019s Allowance for current and past tax years.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## England and Wales\n\nYou can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re registered with your local council as blind or severely sight impaired\n\n- you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)\n\n## Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\nYou can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:\n\n- you cannot do work for which eyesight is essential\n\n- you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to claim.\n\n## Transfer your allowance\n\nYou can transfer your Blind Person\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner if you do not pay tax or cannot use all of it.\n\nYou can do this:\n\n- if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- if you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner\n\n- whether or not your spouse or civil partner is blind\n\nYou can still transfer your allowance if you\u2019re unable to live with your spouse or civil partner because of:\n\n- illness or old age, for example where your spouse or partner is in residential care\n\n- working away from home\n\n- an armed forces posting\n\n- being in prison\n\n- training or education\n\n## How to transfer your allowance\n\nTo transfer your allowance to a spouse or civil partner, use form 575 or call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou\u2019ll also get the option to transfer any Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf you\u2019re making a claim to get tax back on savings and investment interest using form R40 you can also ask for a copy of form 575 by ticking the appropriate box.\n\n## Get the form in another format\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you need the form in a different format, for example Braille.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/blind-persons-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My 33 year old sister has recently had an accident in work causing her to be partially blind, she is due a large pay-out next year but is no longer able to work.", + "original_question": "Can she claim blind persons allowance with a large amount of savings?" + }, + { + "id": "train-155", + "question": "Scenario: My son Richard was born 6 months ago and I'm thinking about saving something every month so I can help him with the deposit of his first house, in about 20/25 years. I've just been promoted to Team Manager I think that I'll deposit every month the extra income that I've got with this promotion.\n\nQuestion: Can I decide when and how my child is going to receive his money? I'm worried that he is going to waste them if he get them as soon as he turns 18.\n\nDocument - Child Trust Fund:\n## Overview\n\nA Child Trust Fund (CTF) is a long-term tax-free savings account for children.\n\nYou cannot apply for a new Child Trust Fund because the scheme is now closed. You can apply for a Junior ISA instead.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## If you already have a Child Trust Fund\n\nYou can continue to add up to \u00a39,000 a year to your CTF account. The money belongs to the child and they can only take it out when they\u2019re 18. They can take control of the account when they\u2019re 16.\n\nThere\u2019s no tax to pay on the CTF income or any profit it makes. It will not affect any benefits or tax credits you receive.\n\n## Managing the account\n\nIf you\u2019re the main contact for the Child Trust Fund (CTF) account you\u2019re called the \u2018registered contact\u2019. You have certain responsibilities until the child turns 18, or until the child takes control of their own account.\n\n## Your responsibilities as the registered contact\n\nYou\u2019re the only person who can:\n\n- tell the account provider how to invest the fund and run the account\n\n- change the address and other personal details\n\n- change the type of account, for example from cash to stocks and shares\n\n- move the account to another provider\n\nContact your CTF provider to do this.\n\n## Moving to a different account\n\nYou can transfer a CTF account to a Junior ISA. Contact a Junior ISA provider to do this.\n\n## Records you need to keep\n\nKeep the following paperwork:\n\n- your child\u2019s Unique Reference Number (you\u2019ll find this on your annual CTF statement)\n\n- the account statements\n\n- details of the account type and the provider\n\n## Change a registered contact\n\nYou can change the registered contact to someone with parental responsibility for the child, like a parent, step-parent or legal guardian if both parties agree to this.\n\nYour CTF provider can tell you how to change the registered contact of a CTF account.\n\n## When your child is 16 or 18\n\nOnce your child turns 16, they can either:\n\n- take over the account by contacting the CTF provider\n\n- leave you in charge of the account\n\nWhen the child turns 18, they take over the account and can take out the money.\n\n## If your child lacks the mental capacity to manage their account when it matures\n\nYou, or a close friend or relative, need to apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order so you can manage your child\u2019s account when they turn 18. Once the account matures, the money can either be taken out or transferred into an ISA.\n\nIn Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.\n\n## Add money to the account\n\nAnyone can pay money into a Child Trust Fund (CTF) account.\n\nYou cannot apply for a new Child Trust Fund because the scheme is now closed. You can apply for a Junior ISA instead.\n\n## How much you can add\n\nYou can put up to \u00a39,000 a year into the account - the year starts on the child\u2019s birthday and ends the day before their next birthday.\n\nIf you do not use the \u00a39,000 limit, you cannot carry any unused amount over to the following year.\n\n## How to pay money in\n\nFor stakeholder accounts you can add money by:\n\n- cheque\n\n- standing order\n\n- direct debit\n\nFor savings or share accounts, check with your provider.\n\n## Government payments\n\nPayments made by the government do not count towards the \u00a39,000, apart from \npayments made by a local council to a child in care.\n\n## Find a Child Trust Fund\n\nYou can find out where a Child Trust Fund (CTF) is held if you do not know the provider.\n\nFill in the form online to ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) where the account was originally opened.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the online form.\n\nIf you\u2019re a parent looking for your child\u2019s trust fund, you\u2019ll need either:\n\n- the child\u2019s Unique Reference Number (you\u2019ll find this on your annual CTF statement)\n\n- their National Insurance number\n\nIf you\u2019re looking for your own trust fund, you\u2019ll need your National Insurance number.\n\nHMRC will send you details of the CTF provider by post within 3 weeks of receiving your request.\n\nHMRC will contact you for more information if you\u2019ve adopted the child or a court has given you parental responsibility for them.\n\n## Applying by post\n\nYou can also contact HMRC by post to find out where a CTF is held.\n\nIf you\u2019re a parent looking for your child\u2019s trust fund, you\u2019ll need to include your full name and address and all of the following:\n\n- child\u2019s full name and address\n\n- child\u2019s date of birth\n\n- child\u2019s National Insurance number or Unique Reference Number if known\n\nIf you\u2019re looking for your own trust fund, you\u2019ll need to include all of the following:\n\n- your full name and address\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your National Insurance number or Unique Reference Number if known\n\n## Accounts for children in care\n\nSome children looked after by local authorities have a Child Trust Fund (CTF) account set up on their behalf. The Share Foundation acts as the registered contact for these accounts.\n\n## How the account is managed\n\nThe Share Foundation manages the CTF account for the child and will:\n\n- write to the child when they take control of the account\n\n- change the type of CTF account and provider if necessary and write to the child to explain why the change was made\n\n- send account statements to the child\n\nThey\u2019ll manage the account until:\n\n- the child turns 18\n\n- the child turns 16 and decides to manage the account themselves\n\n- someone takes parental responsibility for the child, for example through adoption\n\n## Take over the management of an account\n\nContact the Share Foundation if you\u2019re taking parental responsibility for a child and want to manage their CTF account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of parental responsibility, for example an adoption certificate.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter confirming that you can take over responsibility for the account. Show this to the CTF provider who can update the account to say you\u2019re the registered contact.\n\n## When a child in care turns 16\n\nThe Share Foundation will write to the child about 2 months before their 16th birthday, telling them how to become the registered contact for the account.\n\nIf they choose to take control of the account, they can:\n\n- start managing it when they turn 16\n\n- withdraw money when they turn 18\n\n## If your child is terminally ill or dies\n\nIf your child is terminally ill you can take money out of their Child Trust Fund (CTF) account. If they die, the money passes to whoever inherits their estate (property and possessions).\n\n## If your child is terminally ill\n\n\u2018Terminally ill\u2019 means they have a disease or illness that\u2019s going to get worse and are not likely to live more than 6 months. Only the registered contact can take money out of the account.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nFill in the terminal illness early access form to let HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) know that:\n\n- your child is terminally ill\n\n- you want to take the money out of the account\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence that your child is terminally ill.\n\n## If your child dies\n\nThe money in the account will be paid to the person who inherits the child\u2019s estate. This is often one of the child\u2019s parents, but if your child was married, it could be their husband or wife.\n\nIf you get Child Benefit for a child who has died this can still carry on for a short time.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nTell the CTF account provider. They\u2019ll usually need proof, for example the death certificate.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-trust-funds", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My son Richard was born 6 months ago and I'm thinking about saving something every month so I can help him with the deposit of his first house, in about 20/25 years. I've just been promoted to Team Manager I think that I'll deposit every month the extra income that I've got with this promotion.", + "original_question": "Can I decide when and how my child is going to receive his money? I'm worried that he is going to waste them if he get them as soon as he turns 18." + }, + { + "id": "train-158", + "question": "Scenario: I live in Scotland, and currently care for my physically disabled partner for approximately 30 hrs per week. My partner receives Disability Living Allowance at the higher rate and I work part time, earning approximately \u00a3500pcm.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim Carer's Allowance to help with my partner's care?\n\nDocument - Carer's Allowance:\n## How it works\n\nYou could get \u00a367.60 a week if you care for someone at least 35 hours a week and they get certain benefits.\n\nYou do not have to be related to, or live with, the person you care for.\n\nYou do not get paid extra if you care for more than one person.\n\nIf someone else also cares for the same person as you, only one of you can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nCarer\u2019s Allowance can affect the other benefits that you and the person you care for get. You have to pay tax on it if your income is over the Personal Allowance.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if you provide care remotely during the coronavirus outbreak. This includes giving emotional support over the phone or online.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYou can choose to be paid weekly in advance or every 4 weeks.\n\nIt will be paid into an account, for example your bank account.\n\n## What else you can get\n\nFor each week you get Carer\u2019s Allowance you\u2019ll automatically get National Insurance credits.\n\nYou may also be able to apply for:\n\n- support from your local council\n\n- a Council Tax Reduction\n\n- Universal Credit if you\u2019re on a low income or out of work\n\n- Pension Credit if you\u2019re over working age\n\n- grants and bursaries to help pay for courses and training\n\n- Income Support (if you get the severe disability premium and you\u2019re on a low income)\n\n- income-based Employment and Support Allowance (if you get the severe disability premium and you cannot work)\n\nIf you live in Scotland and get Carer\u2019s Allowance, you may also get Carer\u2019s Allowance Supplement.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nYou can get more help and advice from:\n\n- Carers UK\n\n- Carers Trust\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- NHS: Carers Direct helpline\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou may be eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance if you, the person you care for and the type of care you provide meets certain criteria.\n\n## The person you care for\n\nThe person you care for must already get one of these benefits:\n\n- Personal Independence Payment - daily living component\n\n- Disability Living Allowance - the middle or highest care rate\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance at or above the normal maximum rate with an Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance at the basic (full day) rate with a War Disablement Pension\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\nIf someone else also cares for the same person as you, only one of you can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## The type of care you provide\n\nYou need to spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone. This can include:\n\n- helping with washing and cooking\n\n- taking the person you care for to a doctor\u2019s appointment\n\n- helping with household tasks, like managing bills and shopping\n\nIf you or the person you care for are affected by coronavirus, you can still claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if you provide care remotely. This includes giving emotional support over the phone or online.\n\n## Your eligibility\n\nAll of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019re 16 or over\n\n- you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone\n\n- you\u2019ve been in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years (this does not apply if you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection status)\n\n- you normally live in England, Scotland or Wales, or you live abroad as a member of the armed forces (you might still be eligible if you\u2019re moving to or already living in an EEA country or Switzerland)\n\n- you\u2019re not in full-time education\n\n- you\u2019re not studying for 21 hours a week or more\n\n- you\u2019re not subject to immigration control\n\n- your earnings are \u00a3128 or less a week after tax, National Insurance and expenses\n\nIf your earnings are sometimes more than \u00a3128 a week you might still be eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance. Your average earnings may be calculated to work out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Calculating your earnings\n\nYour earnings are any income from employment and self-employment after tax, National Insurance and expenses.\n\nExpenses can include:\n\n- 50% of your pension contributions\n\n- equipment you need to do your job, for example specialist clothing\n\n- travel costs between different workplaces that are not paid for by your employer, for example fuel or train fares\n\n- business costs if you\u2019re self-employed, for example a computer you only use for work\n\nIf you pay a carer to look after the disabled person or your children while you work, you can treat care costs that are less than or equal to 50% of your earnings as an expense. The carer must not be your spouse, partner, parent, child or sibling.\n\nPayments that do not count as earnings include:\n\n- money received from an occupational or private pension\n\n- contributions towards your living or accommodation costs from someone you live with (they cannot be a tenant or boarder)\n\n- the first \u00a320 a week and 50% of the rest of any income you make from someone boarding in your home\n\n- a loan or advance payment from your employer\n\n## If you get State Pension\n\nYou cannot get the full amount of both Carer\u2019s Allowance and your State Pension at the same time.\n\nIf your pension is \u00a367.60 a week or more, you will not get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment.\n\nIf your pension is less than \u00a367.60 a week, you\u2019ll get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment to make up the difference.\n\n## If you get Pension Credit\n\nIf your State Pension is more than \u00a367.60 a week, you will not get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment but your Pension Credit payments will increase instead.\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nYou might be eligible for Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re not eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Effect on other benefits\n\nCarer\u2019s Allowance can affect the other benefits that both you and the person you care for get.\n\n## Effect on the benefits of the person you care for\n\nWhen you claim Carer\u2019s Allowance, the person you care for will stop getting:\n\n- a severe disability premium paid with their benefits\n\n- an extra amount for severe disability paid with Pension Credit, if they get one\n\nThey might also stop getting reduced Council Tax. Contact their local council to find out if this affects them.\n\n## Effect on your benefits\n\nWhen you claim Carer\u2019s Allowance your other benefit payments may change, but your total benefit payments will usually either go up or stay the same.\n\nCarer\u2019s Allowance does not count towards the benefit cap.\n\nIf you get Working Tax Credit or Child Tax Credit, you must contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to tell them about your Carer\u2019s Allowance claim.\n\nIf you get Pension Credit, your payments will increase if you\u2019re eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf you delay claiming your State Pension, this could increase the State Pension payments you get when you decide to claim it. You cannot build up extra State Pension during any period you get Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to work out how your other benefits will be affected.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nBefore you apply make sure you have your:\n\n- National Insurance number (if you have a partner you\u2019ll need theirs too)\n\n- bank or building society details (unless you get your State Pension)\n\n- employment details and latest payslip if you\u2019re working\n\n- P45 if you\u2019ve recently finished work\n\n- course details if you\u2019re studying\n\n- details of any expenses, for example pension contributions or the cost of caring for your children or the disabled person while you\u2019re at work\n\nYou also need details of the person you care for. You need their:\n\n- date of birth and address\n\n- National Insurance number if they\u2019re 16 or over\n\n- Disability Living Allowance reference if they\u2019re under 16\n\nYou can backdate your claim by up to 3 months.\n\nApply now\n\n## Other ways to apply\n\nIf you cannot apply online, you can apply by post. The address to send your application to is at the end of the form.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Report a change in circumstances\n\nYou must report changes in your circumstances if you\u2019re claiming or have applied for Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nChanges can include:\n\n- starting a job\n\n- starting or ending full-time education\n\n- changes to your income\n\n- stopping being a carer\n\n- the person you care for no longer getting their disability benefit\n\n- someone else who cares for the same person claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance instead of you\n\n- someone else who cares for the same person claims the carer\u2019s element of Universal Credit\n\n- changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou must tell the Department for Work and Pensions if the person you\u2019re caring for dies.\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## If you temporarily stop providing care for someone\n\nYou can still get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you temporarily stop providing care. This means any period when you spend less than 35 hours a week caring for the other person.\n\nThe person you care for must still receive their disability benefit.\n\nYou must tell DWP if you temporarily stop providing care and:\n\n- you or the person you care for will be in hospital, a nursing home, or respite care for more than 12 weeks\n\n- you stop caring for more than 28 days for any other reason\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## If you\u2019re working\n\nYou can work and get Carer\u2019s Allowance, as long as you spend at least 35 hours in your caring role.\n\nYou can get support for you or the person you care for from your employer, local councils and other organisations.\n\n## Time off for an emergency\n\nYou can ask your employer for time off to deal with an emergency involving someone else who depends on you for care. How much time off you get depends on your situation.\n\nIf you do not qualify for time off, your employer may allow you \u2018compassionate leave\u2019 for emergency situations.\n\n## Flexible working\n\nIf you need to work more flexibly, for example work part-time or work from home, you can request flexible working.\n\nYou do not have to tell your employer about your caring role or give another reason why you need to work more flexibly.\n\n## Respite care or \u2018short break\u2019 care\n\nIf you need someone to help look after the person you care for while you\u2019re at work, you can apply for respite care (also known as \u2018short break\u2019 care).\n\nRespite care options include:\n\n- getting a paid carer or a volunteer to sit with the person you look after for a few hours\n\n- a regular place in a day care centre for the person you care for\n\nYour local council may pay for respite care but you and the person you care for will need an assessment before you can apply.\n\nContact your local authority for information about local support.\n\n## Advice on starting work\n\nIf you need help starting or returning to work, contact your local Jobcentre Plus for help on how to combine work with your caring responsibilities.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in Scotland, and currently care for my physically disabled partner for approximately 30 hrs per week. My partner receives Disability Living Allowance at the higher rate and I work part time, earning approximately \u00a3500pcm.", + "original_question": "Can I claim Carer's Allowance to help with my partner's care?" + }, + { + "id": "train-162", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle was diagnosed with stage 4 mesothelioma after getting asbestos exposure during his work period. His employers have been very irresponsible to support him. He is undergoing a very difficult moment and his lungs are failing. He needs care and support.\n\nQuestion: Can he claim DMPS and can he be compensated for the health damages?\n\nDocument - Diffuse mesothelioma payments:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be able to get a payment if you\u2019ve been diagnosed with the asbestos-related disease, diffuse mesothelioma.\n\nThere are 2 types of payment you can claim for:\n\n- diffuse mesothelioma payments (the \u20182008 scheme\u2019)\n\n- the Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYou can claim DMPS if you cannot find the employer responsible for your contact with asbestos, or their insurer.\n\n## What you'll get\n\n## The 2008 scheme\n\nYou\u2019ll get one payment.\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get depends on how old you were when your disease was diagnosed. For example, if you were 60 when your disease was diagnosed, and you qualify, you\u2019ll get a payment of \u00a344,312.\n\n## Rates\n\n| Age when diagnosed | Payment |\n\n| 37 and under | \u00a394,296 |\n\n| 38 | \u00a392,463 |\n\n| 39 | \u00a390,633 |\n\n| 40 | \u00a388,804 |\n\n| 41 | \u00a386,971 |\n\n| 42 | \u00a385,140 |\n\n| 43 | \u00a384,227 |\n\n| 44 | \u00a383,306 |\n\n| 45 | \u00a382,394 |\n\n| 46 | \u00a381,477 |\n\n| 47 | \u00a380,562 |\n\n| 48 | \u00a378,003 |\n\n| 49 | \u00a375,440 |\n\n| 50 | \u00a372,873 |\n\n| 51 | \u00a370,312 |\n\n| 52 | \u00a367,742 |\n\n| 53 | \u00a365,913 |\n\n| 54 | \u00a364,085 |\n\n| 55 | \u00a362,258 |\n\n| 56 | \u00a360,418 |\n\n| 57 | \u00a358,587 |\n\n| 58 | \u00a353,829 |\n\n| 59 | \u00a349,066 |\n\n| 60 | \u00a344,312 |\n\n| 61 | \u00a339,550 |\n\n| 62 | \u00a334,790 |\n\n| 63 | \u00a331,859 |\n\n| 64 | \u00a328,926 |\n\n| 65 | \u00a326,001 |\n\n| 66 | \u00a323,071 |\n\n| 67 | \u00a320,142 |\n\n| 68 | \u00a319,545 |\n\n| 69 | \u00a318,946 |\n\n| 70 | \u00a318,357 |\n\n| 71 | \u00a317,761 |\n\n| 72 | \u00a317,169 |\n\n| 73 | \u00a316,662 |\n\n| 74 | \u00a316,146 |\n\n| 75 | \u00a315,652 |\n\n| 76 | \u00a315,155 |\n\n| 77 and over | \u00a314,651 |\n\n## Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYour payment will depend on the details of your claim. Read about payment amounts on the DMPS website.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## The 2008 scheme\n\nYou can claim a one-off payment if you:\n\n- are not entitled to a payment under the 1979 Pneumoconiosis Act\n\n- have not been given a payment for the disease from an employer, a civil claim or elsewhere\n\n- are not entitled to compensation from a Ministry of Defence scheme\n\nYou must have been exposed to asbestos in the United Kingdom.\n\nExamples of exposure include:\n\n- you came into contact with asbestos from a relative, for instance by washing their clothes\n\n- you were exposed to asbestos in the environment, for instance you lived near a factory using asbestos\n\n- you were exposed to asbestos while self-employed\n\n- your exposure cannot be specified but it occurred in the United Kingdom\n\nYou must claim within 12 months of diagnosis.\n\n## Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYou may be able to claim if all of the following apply:\n\n- you were diagnosed with diffuse mesothelioma on or after 25 July 2012\n\n- your mesothelioma was caused by exposure to asbestos when working in the UK\n\n- you cannot trace the employer that exposed you to asbestos, or their insurers\n\n- you have not made a civil claim against any employer or insurer\n\n- you have not received damages or a specified payment for mesothelioma and you\u2019re not eligible to a specified payment\n\nYou may also be able to claim if you were the dependant of a sufferer who has died.\n\nYou can claim for DMPS even if you have already claimed from the 2008 scheme or under the 1979 Pneumoconiosis Act. If you\u2019ve already got a payment from the 2008 scheme or the Pneumoconiosis Act, it will be deducted from the amount you get from DMPS.\n\nYou may still be able to claim from the 2008 scheme even if you are unsuccessful in your DMPS claim.\n\nClaims through the DMPS scheme must be made within 3 years of diagnosis.\n\n## Payments for dependants\n\n## The 2008 scheme\n\nYou may be able to claim if you were the dependant of a sufferer who has died. You must claim within 12 months of their death.\n\nContact Barrow Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) Centre to find out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Rates\n\nIf you qualify, you\u2019ll get one payment. The amount will depend on how old the person with mesothelioma was when they died. For example, if they were 60 when they died, and you qualify, you\u2019ll get a payment of \u00a319,182.\n\n| Age of death | Payment |\n\n| 37 and under | \u00a349,073 |\n\n| 38 | \u00a348,018 |\n\n| 39 | \u00a346,965 |\n\n| 40 | \u00a345,913 |\n\n| 41 | \u00a344,860 |\n\n| 42 | \u00a343,808 |\n\n| 43 | \u00a342,800 |\n\n| 44 | \u00a341,784 |\n\n| 45 | \u00a340,783 |\n\n| 46 | \u00a339,777 |\n\n| 47 | \u00a338,772 |\n\n| 48 | \u00a337,536 |\n\n| 49 | \u00a336,297 |\n\n| 50 | \u00a335,063 |\n\n| 51 | \u00a333,831 |\n\n| 52 | \u00a332,596 |\n\n| 53 | \u00a331,583 |\n\n| 54 | \u00a330,580 |\n\n| 55 | \u00a329,573 |\n\n| 56 | \u00a328,559 |\n\n| 57 | \u00a327,555 |\n\n| 58 | \u00a324,768 |\n\n| 59 | \u00a321,971 |\n\n| 60 | \u00a319,182 |\n\n| 61 | \u00a316,389 |\n\n| 62 | \u00a313,593 |\n\n| 63 | \u00a312,795 |\n\n| 64 | \u00a312,003 |\n\n| 65 | \u00a311,191 |\n\n| 66 | \u00a310,392 |\n\n| 67 and over | \u00a38,124 |\n\n## Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYour payment will depend on the details of your claim. Read about payment amounts on the DMPS website.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## The 2008 scheme\n\nFill in a mesothelioma payment claim form and provide medical evidence.\n\nContact Barrow Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) Centre if you cannot print out a form and you need one sent to you.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nContact the Barrow IIDB Centre to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\nYou must claim within 12 months of diagnosis. If you\u2019re a dependant claiming for a sufferer who is now deceased, you must claim within 12 months from the date of their death.\n\n## Diffuse Mesothelioma Payment Scheme (DMPS)\n\nYou can apply online at the DMPS website.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- your full employment history, with evidence - for example, P60s\n\n- evidence of unsuccessful attempts to trace your employer or insurers\n\n- the date of your diagnosis\n\n- evidence of diagnosis\n\n- details of any previous claims\n\n- a witness statement\n\nContact TopMark for more information on the DMPS and how to apply.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for a mandatory review.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the outcome of the mandatory review, you can appeal to to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal. The tribunal is impartial and independent of government.\n\nAppeal to the tribunal within one month of getting the mandatory review decision. If you submit your appeal after a month you\u2019ll have to explain why you did not do it earlier.\n\nDownload and fill in form SSCS6a and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to choose whether you want to go to the tribunal hearing to explain your case. If you do not attend, your appeal will be decided on your appeal form and any supporting evidence.\n\nAfter you submit your appeal, you can provide evidence. Your appeal and the evidence will be discussed at a hearing by a judge and one or two experts. The judge will then make a decision.\n\nIt usually takes around 6 months for your appeal to be heard by the tribunal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/diffuse-mesothelioma-payment", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle was diagnosed with stage 4 mesothelioma after getting asbestos exposure during his work period. His employers have been very irresponsible to support him. He is undergoing a very difficult moment and his lungs are failing. He needs care and support.", + "original_question": "Can he claim DMPS and can he be compensated for the health damages?" + }, + { + "id": "train-164", + "question": "Scenario: I live in England and I gave birth to twins three weeks ago. Since we already have two children aged 2 and 4 and are receiving universal credit, it was a shock to discover that twins were on the way; we're struggling now with the initial costs of double the amount of nappies etc.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible for a Sure Start maternity grant?\n\nDocument - Sure Start Maternity Grant:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get a one-off payment of \u00a3500 to help towards the costs of having a child. This is known as a Sure Start Maternity Grant.\n\nIf you live in Scotland you cannot get a Sure Start Maternity Grant. You can apply for a Pregnancy and Baby Payment instead.\n\nYou usually qualify for the grant if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting your first child, or you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins) and have children already\n\n- you or your partner already get certain benefits\n\nYou must claim the grant within 11 weeks of the baby\u2019s due date or within 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth.\n\nYou do not have to pay the grant back and it will not affect your other benefits or tax credits.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## What you'll get\n\nA Sure Start Maternity Grant is \u00a3500 and you do not have to pay it back.\n\nYou may not get a grant if you already have children.\n\n## If you already have children under 16\n\nYou can only get a grant if at least one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)\n\n- the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK\n\n| Children under 16 | Grant if you have twins | Grant if you have triplets |\n\n| You have 1 or more (and none of them are from multiple births) | \u00a3500 | \u00a31,000 |\n\n| You\u2019ve already had twins | \u00a30 | \u00a3500 |\n\n| You\u2019ve already had triplets | \u00a30 | \u00a30 |\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nUsually, to qualify for a Sure Start Maternity Grant there must be no other children in your family. You or your partner must also get one of these benefits:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n- Working Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element\n\n- Universal Credit\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re getting a Support for Mortgage Interest loan.\n\nIf you live in Scotland you cannot get a Sure Start Maternity Grant. You can apply for a Pregnancy and Baby Payment instead.\n\n## If you already have children under 16\n\nYou may still be able to get a grant if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)\n\n- the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s (but not your partner\u2019s) and the child was over 12 months old when the arrangement started\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK\n\nYou must claim by the deadline.\n\n## If you\u2019re not giving birth\n\nYou may also be able to get a grant if you\u2019re adopting or becoming a surrogate parent.\n\nThe baby must be less than 1 year old on the date you claim. You must be receiving one of the benefits above and one of the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve become responsible for the baby and you\u2019re not the mother\n\n- the baby has been placed with you for adoption\n\n- you\u2019ve got permission to adopt a baby from abroad\n\n- you\u2019ve got a parental order for a surrogate birth\n\n- you\u2019ve been appointed as guardian\n\n- you\u2019ve an adoption or a residence order\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim from 11 weeks before the week your baby is due. The latest you can claim is 6 months after your baby is born.\n\nIf you\u2019re becoming responsible for a child, you must claim within 6 months of this happening.\n\n## Claim by post\n\n- Print out and fill in the Sure Start Maternity Grant (SF100) claim form.\n\n- Get a health professional such as a doctor or midwife to fill in the statement on page 10 of the form. You can send your form without this statement if necessary to meet the deadline. If you do this, you\u2019ll be contacted about arranging the statement at a later date.\n\n- Post the form to \u2018Freepost DWP SSMG\u2019 - you do not need a postcode or a stamp.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form and postal address if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you if your claim was successful.\n\nIf you get Universal Credit, you will not get a decision on your claim until after your next payment.\n\n## Get help with your claim\n\nCall the Sure Start Maternity Grant helpline.\n\nYou can also contact Jobcentre Plus.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Sure Start Maternity Grant helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/sure-start-maternity-grant", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in England and I gave birth to twins three weeks ago. Since we already have two children aged 2 and 4 and are receiving universal credit, it was a shock to discover that twins were on the way; we're struggling now with the initial costs of double the amount of nappies etc.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible for a Sure Start maternity grant?" + }, + { + "id": "train-165", + "question": "Scenario: Because I have a family history of dementia, I would like to make a lasting power of attorney naming my daughter as my attorney, should I become mentally incapacitated. I'm 57 years old and live in England. I know that it's quite expensive to create a power of attorney and I'm currently on income support so may struggle to afford it.\n\nQuestion: Can you get financial assistance with the cost of making a lasting power of attorney?\n\nDocument - Make, register or end a lasting power of attorney:\n## Overview\n\nA lasting power of attorney (LPA) is a legal document that lets you (the \u2018donor\u2019) appoint one or more people (known as \u2018attorneys\u2019) to help you make decisions or to make decisions on your behalf.\n\nThis gives you more control over what happens to you if you have an accident or an illness and cannot make your own decisions (you \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019).\n\nYou must be 18 or over and have mental capacity (the ability to make your own decisions) when you make your LPA.\n\nYou do not need to live in the UK or be a British citizen.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere are 2 types of LPA:\n\n- health and welfare\n\n- property and financial affairs\n\nYou can choose to make one type or both.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## How to make a lasting power of attorney\n\n- Choose your attorney (you can have more than one).\n\n- Fill in the forms to appoint them as an attorney.\n\n- Register your LPA with the Office of the Public Guardian (this can take up to 10 weeks).\n\nIt costs \u00a382 to register an LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.\n\nYou can cancel your LPA if you no longer need it or want to make a new one.\n\n## Health and welfare lasting power of attorney\n\nUse this LPA to give an attorney the power to make decisions about things like:\n\n- your daily routine, for example washing, dressing, eating\n\n- medical care\n\n- moving into a care home\n\n- life-sustaining treatment\n\nIt can only be used when you\u2019re unable to make your own decisions.\n\n## Property and financial affairs lasting power of attorney\n\nUse this LPA to give an attorney the power to make decisions about money and property for you, for example:\n\n- managing a bank or building society account\n\n- paying bills\n\n- collecting benefits or a pension\n\n- selling your home\n\nIt can be used as soon as it\u2019s registered, with your permission.\n\n## Help deciding if you should make a lasting power of attorney\n\nContact the Office of the Public Guardian if you need help.\n\n## Choose your attorney\n\nYou can choose one or more people to be your attorney. If you appoint more than one, you must decide whether they\u2019ll make decisions separately or together.\n\n## Who can be your attorney\n\nYour attorney needs to be 18 or over. They could be:\n\n- a relative\n\n- a friend\n\n- a professional, for example a solicitor\n\n- your husband, wife or partner\n\nYou must appoint someone who has the mental capacity to make their own decisions.\n\nYour attorney does not need to live in the UK or be a British citizen.\n\nWhen choosing an attorney, think about:\n\n- how well they look after their own affairs, for example their finances\n\n- how well you know them\n\n- if you trust them to make decisions in your best interests\n\n- how happy they will be to make decisions for you\n\nRead about an attorney\u2019s responsibilities to help you with your decision.\n\nYou cannot choose someone who is subject to a Debt Relief Order or is bankrupt if you\u2019re making a lasting power of attorney (LPA) for property and financial affairs.\n\n## If there\u2019s more than one attorney\n\nIf you\u2019re appointing more than one person, you must decide if they\u2019ll make decisions:\n\n- separately or together - sometimes called \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - which means attorneys can make decisions on their own or with other attorneys\n\n- together - sometimes called \u2018jointly\u2019 - which means all the attorneys have to agree on the decision\n\nYou can also choose to let them make some decisions \u2018jointly\u2019, and others \u2018jointly and severally\u2019.\n\nAttorneys who are appointed jointly must all agree or they cannot make the decision.\n\n## Replacement attorneys\n\nWhen you make your LPA you can nominate other people to replace your attorney or attorneys if at some point they cannot act on your behalf anymore.\n\n## Make a lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can make a lasting power of attorney (LPA) online or using paper forms.\n\nEither way, you need to get other people to sign the forms, including the attorneys and witnesses.\n\nYou can get someone else to use the online service or fill in the paper forms for you, for example a family member, friend or solicitor.\n\nYou must register your LPA or your attorney will not be able to make decisions for you.\n\nIt might take longer to make and register an LPA because of coronavirus (COVID-19). It will be quicker if you make it and pay online.\n\n## Make an LPA online\n\nCreate an account to start your LPA.\n\nYou can:\n\n- get help and guidance at each step\n\n- save your forms and complete them later\n\n- review your answers and fix any mistakes\n\nYou need to print out the forms and sign them when you\u2019ve finished.\n\n## Sign in to your account\n\nSign in to continue making your LPA.\n\n## Use the paper forms\n\nDownload the forms and print them out.\n\n## Signing the forms\n\nYou need to sign the forms before you send them off. They also need to be signed by:\n\n- the attorneys\n\n- witnesses\n\n- a \u2018certificate provider\u2019, who confirms you\u2019re making the LPA by choice and you understand what you\u2019re doing\n\nEveryone must sign the same original document. They cannot sign copies or use digital signatures.\n\n## Who can be a witness or certificate provider\n\nWitnesses and certificate providers must be 18 or over.\n\nAttorneys can witness each other sign, but they cannot:\n\n- witness you sign\n\n- sign as the certificate provider\n\nYou cannot be a witness if you\u2019re the person appointing an attorney.\n\n## Get help\n\nAsk the Office of the Public Guardian about help you can get if you:\n\n- do not have a computer or printer\n\n- want to use the online service but need some help\n\n## Register a lasting power of attorney\n\nWhen you\u2019ve made your lasting power of attorney (LPA), you need to register it with the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG).\n\nIt takes up to 15 weeks to register an LPA if there are no mistakes in the application.\n\nYou can apply to register your LPA yourself if you\u2019re able to make your own decisions.\n\nYour attorney can also register it for you. You\u2019ll be told if they do and you can object to the registration.\n\n## Notify people\n\nBefore you register, send a form to notify people (LP3) to all the \u2018people to notify\u2019 (also called \u2018people to be told\u2019) you listed in the LPA.\n\nThey\u2019ll have 3 weeks to raise any concerns with OPG.\n\nIf you\u2019re using the online service to make an LPA, it will create and fill in the LP3 forms for you.\n\n## How to register\n\nApply to register as soon as you\u2019ve sent forms to notify people.\n\nTo register, you need to sign your completed LPA form and send it to OPG.\n\nIf you create your LPA form using the online service, you will need to print it out to do this.\n\nThe address is also on the form. Make sure you include the original LPA form and the fee.\n\nYou can send a certified copy if you do not have the original form. Write a covering letter to explain why you do not have the original.\n\n## If you made your LPA with an older paper form\n\nYou can register by filling in form LP2 if you made your LPA:\n\n- on forms LPA114 or LPA117 before 1 January 2016\n\n- on forms LP PA or LP PW before 1 April 2011\n\nOtherwise you\u2019ll need to make a new LPA.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt costs \u00a382 to register each LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.\n\nThis means it costs \u00a3164 to register both a property and financial affairs LPA and a health and welfare LPA.\n\nYou can pay by:\n\n- credit or debit card\n\n- cheque\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018Office of the Public Guardian\u2019 and write your name on the back. Send it to OPG with your forms.\n\n## If you make a mistake on your form\n\nDepending on the type of mistake, OPG may let you correct it and apply again within 3 months for \u00a341.\n\n## Get a reduction or exemption\n\nYou can apply for a reduction if you earn less than \u00a312,000. You might also be able to apply for an exemption if you\u2019re on certain benefits, such as Income Support.\n\nDownload and fill in the application form. The form has more information about eligibility.\n\n## Certify a copy of a lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can confirm that a copy of your lasting power of attorney (LPA) is genuine by \u2018certifying\u2019 it if you\u2019re still able to make your own decisions.\n\nYou or your attorney can use a certified copy to register your LPA if you do not have the original form.\n\nYour attorney can also use the certified copy to prove they have permission to make decisions on your behalf, for example to manage your bank account.\n\n## How to certify a copy\n\nWrite the following text on the bottom of every page of the copy:\n\n\u201cI certify this is a true and complete copy of the corresponding page of the original lasting power of attorney.\u201d\n\nOn the final page of the copy, you must also write:\n\n\u201cI certify this is a true and complete copy of the lasting power of attorney.\u201d\n\nYou need to sign and date every page.\n\n## Other ways to certify a copy\n\nCopies of your LPA can also be certified by:\n\n- a solicitor\n\n- a person authorised to carry out notarial activities\n\n## Change your lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can ask the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) to change your lasting power of attorney (LPA) if it\u2019s been registered and you still have mental capacity to make decisions.\n\n## If you want to remove one of your attorneys\n\nYou will need to send OPG a written statement called a \u2018partial deed of revocation\u2019.\n\nIf you want to add another attorney you need to end your LPA and make a new one.\n\nUse the following wording. Replace the words in the square brackets with the relevant details.\n\nPartial deed of revocation\n\n\u201cThis partial deed of revocation is made by [donor\u2019s name] of [donor\u2019s address].\n\n1: I granted a lasting power of attorney for property and financial affairs/health and welfare [delete as appropriate] on [date donor signed the lasting power of attorney] appointing [name of first attorney] of [address of first attorney] and [name of second attorney] of [address of second attorney] to act as my attorney(s).\n\n2: I hereby revoke [attorney\u2019s name that you are revoking] ONLY from the lasting power of attorney and the authority granted to him/her.\n\nSigned and delivered as a deed [donor\u2019s signature]\nDate signed [date] \nWitnessed by [signature of witness] \nFull name of witness [name of witness] \nAddress of witness [address of witness]\u201d\n\n## Where to send a partial deed of revocation\n\nSend the partial deed of revocation to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) with the original LPA document. You must also tell your attorney or attorneys that you\u2019re ending your LPA.\n\n## If your attorney\u2019s details change\n\nYou must write to OPG if one of your attorneys has changed their:\n\n- name - by marriage or deed poll\n\n- address\n\nYou need to provide supporting documents, such as the original marriage certificate, with their new name and address.\n\nDo not make changes to your LPA document itself, as it might become invalid. You must contact OPG to make changes to your LPA.\n\n## If one of your attorneys dies\n\nYou must tell OPG and send them:\n\n- a copy of their death certificate\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- all certified copies of the LPA\n\n- a return address where your documents can be sent back to\n\n## End your lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can end your lasting power of attorney (LPA) yourself - if you have mental capacity to make that decision.\n\nYou need to send the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) both:\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- a written statement called a \u2018deed of revocation\u2019\n\nUse the following wording for the deed of revocation. Replace the words in the square brackets with the relevant details.\n\nDeed of revocation\n\n\u201cThis deed of revocation is made by [your name] of [your address].\n\n1: I granted a lasting power of attorney for property and financial affairs/health and welfare (delete as appropriate) on [date you signed the lasting power of attorney] appointing [name of first attorney] of [address of first attorney] and [name of second attorney] of [address of second attorney] to act as my attorney(s).\n\n2: I revoke the lasting power of attorney and the authority granted by it.\n\nSigned and delivered as a deed [your signature]\nDate signed [date]\nWitnessed by [signature of witness]\nFull name of witness [name of witness]\nAddress of witness [address of witness]\u201d\n\nYou must be able to make your own decisions when you end your LPA.\n\nYou can also complain if you have concerns about your attorney, for example if they\u2019re not carrying out their responsibilities properly.\n\n## Other ways a lasting power of attorney can end\n\nYour LPA may end if your attorney:\n\n- loses the ability to make decisions - \u2018loses mental capacity\u2019\n\n- divorces you or ends your civil partnership if they\u2019re your husband, wife or partner\n\n- becomes bankrupt or they\u2019re subject to a Debt Relief Order (DRO) - if they\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney\n\n- is removed by the Court of Protection\n\n- dies\n\n## If your only attorney dies\n\nYour LPA will end if your attorney dies and you have no replacement attorneys. You must tell OPG and send them:\n\n- a copy of their death certificate\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- all certified copies of the LPA\n\n- a return address where your documents can be sent back to\n\nYour LPA can continue if:\n\n- there are other attorneys who can act \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - but not if they are only allowed to act \u2018jointly\u2019\n\n- there are replacement attorneys\n\n## If you die\n\nYour LPA will end automatically when you die. Your affairs will be looked after by your executors or personal representatives from that point, not your attorney.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/power-of-attorney", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Because I have a family history of dementia, I would like to make a lasting power of attorney naming my daughter as my attorney, should I become mentally incapacitated. I'm 57 years old and live in England. I know that it's quite expensive to create a power of attorney and I'm currently on income support so may struggle to afford it.", + "original_question": "Can you get financial assistance with the cost of making a lasting power of attorney?" + }, + { + "id": "train-167", + "question": "Scenario: My Aunt Dina lost her mental capacity after undergoing trauma through domestic abuse and loss of her child. She has been diagnosed with terminal Cancer of cervix. In her mind she is not sick and its hard get her consent to treatment. She is currently in a mental health institution but wants to get out.\n\nQuestion: Will the tribunal assess her health before making a decision?\n\nDocument - Apply to the Mental Health Tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health) if you\u2019re admitted (\u2018detained\u2019) as a patient in a psychiatric hospital (\u2018sectioned\u2019) and want to be discharged.\n\nYou can apply on a patient\u2019s behalf if you\u2019re their:\n\n- legal representative\n\n- \u2018nearest relative\u2019\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nYou can also apply to the tribunal if you want to change:\n\n- a community treatment order\n\n- the conditions placed on your \u2018conditional discharge\u2019 from hospital\n\nThe tribunal deals with cases in England. There are different rules in Wales and rules in Scotland.\n\n## When to apply\n\nWhen you apply depends on how you were admitted - ask your doctor or lawyer (if you have one) if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nThere are deadlines for the first time you apply - you must apply within:\n\n- 14 days if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment (\u2018section 2\u2019)\n\n- 6 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019)\n\nGet legal advice if you\u2019re a \u2018restricted patient\u2019, for example you\u2019ve received an order from the Crown Court or been transferred from prison- the deadlines depend on your situation.\n\n## If you miss the deadline\n\nYou cannot apply to be discharged if you miss the deadline but you may be able to apply again later, for example after a year if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019).\n\nThe tribunal will automatically look at your case again after a certain period of time. This is sometimes known as a \u2018referral\u2019. The period of time depends on your case, for example:\n\n- if it\u2019s been 3 years since the tribunal gave you a hearing\n\n- you\u2019ve not had a hearing in the first 6 months of your detention\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get free legal help if you\u2019re a patient. It does not cost you anything as it\u2019s paid for by legal aid.\n\nFind a legal advisor near you or ask the tribunal to find one for you when you apply.\n\nYou can also get advice from:\n\n- Carers Direct\n\n- the charity Mind\n\n- the charity Rethink\n\n## Apply to the tribunal\n\nDownload and fill in an application to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health). You must include:\n\n- what you\u2019re applying for, for example discharge if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment or treatment\n\n- the patient\u2019s first name, surname and date of birth\n\n- full details of the care coordinator and hospital\n\n- the date of the section or order\n\n- contact details for the \u2018nearest relative\u2019 (if there is one)\n\n- your lawyer\u2019s details (if you have one)\n\n- whether you need an interpreter\n\n## Send the form\n\nPost or email the form to HM Courts and Tribunals Service. The contact details are on the form.\n\nContact the tribunal by phone or email if you have any questions about completing the form. The helpline and email address cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be told when the tribunal has received your application. You\u2019ll get information on your rights to legal representation if you did not include a lawyer\u2019s details in your application.\n\nYour \u2018nearest relative\u2019 will usually be told the date of the hearing - they can attend unless you object. Nearer the time of the hearing you\u2019ll be given copies of reports so that you can check that the information\u2019s correct and work out any questions you want to ask.\n\nThe date of the hearing depends on your situation. You\u2019ll usually get a hearing within:\n\n- 7 days of applying if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment\n\n- 2 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment\n\n- 4 months if you\u2019ve received an order from the Crown Court or been transferred from prison (known as a \u2018restricted patient\u2019)\n\n## Evidence from the tribunal doctor\n\nYou can ask for a pre-hearing examination with the tribunal doctor if you want one.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment, do this in writing when you send your application to the tribunal.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment or you\u2019re a restricted patient, you must do this at least 2 weeks before the hearing.\n\nWrite to:\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your pre-hearing examination may take place by video.\n\nThe tribunal will also ask the hospital for reports from:\n\n- your doctor\n\n- the social work and nursing teams responsible for your care\n\n- the Secretary of State for Justice if you\u2019re a restricted patient (and your social supervisor if you\u2019re living in the community on conditional discharge)\n\n## If you do not want to continue with your application\n\nWrite to the tribunal as soon as possible if you do not want to continue with your application. The tribunal will decide whether to accept your withdrawal.\n\nYou cannot withdraw your case if it was automatically referred to the tribunal, but you do not have to go to the hearing if you do not want to.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\nYou do not have to attend the hearing if you do not want to. You can bring a legal representative and a relative to the hearing if you do go - your representative can arrange for witnesses or experts to attend.\n\nHearings are usually held in private and attended by:\n\n- a judicial panel, made up of a judge, a doctor and a specialist lay member (for example a mental health social worker)\n\n- the patient\n\n- their hospital doctor, ward nurse and social worker\n\n- your legal representative, if you have one\n\nThe doctor, nurse and social worker will give evidence. You can also give evidence, and ask questions.\n\nThe tribunal will also look at:\n\n- your pre-hearing examination from the tribunal doctor, if you had one\n\n- an independent psychiatric report, if your legal representative asked for one\n\nIf you\u2019re a \u2018restricted patient\u2019 and have committed a serious offence against a person, they or their family can ask (or make \u2018representations\u2019) for certain conditions if the tribunal thinks you\u2019re ready for discharge.\n\n## Claim expenses\n\nYou may be able to claim expenses for going to the hearing. This includes money for:\n\n- travel costs\n\n- loss of earnings\n\n- food and drink, if you\u2019re away for more than 5 hours\n\nRead the guidance on claiming expenses.\n\n## The tribunal's decision\n\nThe tribunal usually decides at the end of the hearing on whether you should be discharged - you\u2019ll get the decision on the day, and you\u2019ll usually get full written reasons with 7 days of the hearing.\n\nThe tribunal can:\n\n- order your release (on the same day or at a future date)\n\n- recommend that you\u2019re transferred to a different hospital\n\n- recommend that your doctor considers you for treatment in the community\n\n- recommend that you\u2019re allowed to leave the hospital for periods of time, to see if you\u2019re ready for life in the community\n\nThe tribunal cannot change your treatment, for example medication.\n\n## Appeal\n\nIf you lose your case, you can ask the tribunal:\n\n- to cancel the decision - you must do this within 28 days of getting the written decision\n\n- for permission to appeal to a higher tribunal (the \u2018Upper Tribunal\u2019)\n\n## Ask the tribunal to cancel the decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to get a decision \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled) if you think there\u2019s been a mistake in the process, for example you were not told about the hearing so did not go.\n\nIf the tribunal cancels the decision, you may be able to get a new hearing.\n\nContact Citizens Advice if you need help.\n\n## Appeal to the Upper Tribunal\n\nYou can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you think there was a legal mistake, for example if they:\n\n- did not apply the correct law or wrongly interpreted the law\n\n- did not follow the correct procedures\n\n- had no evidence or not enough evidence to support its decision\n\nFill in the application for permission to appeal - the address is on the form.\n\nAnother judge will look to see if there\u2019s a legal problem with your case and if it needs to be heard again.\n\n## Complain\n\nYou cannot complain about the decision - you can only complain about the tribunal staff and the way the hearing took place.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on:\n\n- Mental Health Act 1983 (as amended by the Mental Health Act 2007)\n\n- Mental Health Act 2007\n\n- Human Rights Act 1998 if the case is about human rights\n\nThe tribunal must follow the Tribunal Procedure (First-Tier Tribunal) (Health, Education And Social Care Chamber) Rules 2008.\n\nDoctors\u2019 statements and reports must be written in line with the practice directions.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mental-health-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Aunt Dina lost her mental capacity after undergoing trauma through domestic abuse and loss of her child. She has been diagnosed with terminal Cancer of cervix. In her mind she is not sick and its hard get her consent to treatment. She is currently in a mental health institution but wants to get out.", + "original_question": "Will the tribunal assess her health before making a decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-169", + "question": "Scenario: I am 41, registered blind with my local council and live in England in a home which I share with my wife, who works part-time to provide for us.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim Blind Person's Allowance, and then transfer it to my wife so that she can claim it against her taxes?\n\nDocument - Blind Person's Allowance:\n## Overview\n\nBlind Person\u2019s Allowance is an extra amount of tax-free allowance.\n\nIt means you can earn more before you start paying Income Tax.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nBlind Person\u2019s Allowance is added to your yearly Personal Allowance - the amount of money you can earn before you start paying Income Tax.\n\n| Tax year | Blind Person\u2019s Allowance |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | \u00a32,520 |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | \u00a32,500 |\n\nIf you and your spouse or civil partner are both eligible, you\u2019ll each get an allowance.\n\nYou can transfer your Blind Person\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner if you do not pay tax or earn enough to use all of your allowance.\n\n## Previous tax years\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) publishes tables with tax rates that include Blind Person\u2019s Allowance for current and past tax years.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## England and Wales\n\nYou can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re registered with your local council as blind or severely sight impaired\n\n- you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)\n\n## Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\nYou can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:\n\n- you cannot do work for which eyesight is essential\n\n- you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to claim.\n\n## Transfer your allowance\n\nYou can transfer your Blind Person\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner if you do not pay tax or cannot use all of it.\n\nYou can do this:\n\n- if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- if you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner\n\n- whether or not your spouse or civil partner is blind\n\nYou can still transfer your allowance if you\u2019re unable to live with your spouse or civil partner because of:\n\n- illness or old age, for example where your spouse or partner is in residential care\n\n- working away from home\n\n- an armed forces posting\n\n- being in prison\n\n- training or education\n\n## How to transfer your allowance\n\nTo transfer your allowance to a spouse or civil partner, use form 575 or call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou\u2019ll also get the option to transfer any Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf you\u2019re making a claim to get tax back on savings and investment interest using form R40 you can also ask for a copy of form 575 by ticking the appropriate box.\n\n## Get the form in another format\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you need the form in a different format, for example Braille.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/blind-persons-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 41, registered blind with my local council and live in England in a home which I share with my wife, who works part-time to provide for us.", + "original_question": "Can I claim Blind Person's Allowance, and then transfer it to my wife so that she can claim it against her taxes?" + }, + { + "id": "train-171", + "question": "Scenario: We have been married for 20 years and have four kids. Recently we decided to end our relationship. We decided to keep two kids each but are having issues on dividing up the assets\n\nQuestion: We couldn't come to an agreement on dividing up the assets. Can we go to court and get them to decide?\n\nDocument - Money and property when you divorce or separate:\n## Getting a financial agreement\n\nWhen you divorce or end a civil partnership you and your ex-partner need to agree how to separate your finances.\n\nThis includes deciding how you\u2019re going to divide:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nYou might get things like:\n\n- a share of your your partner\u2019s pension - including State Pension or private pension plans\n\n- regular maintenance payments to help with children or living expenses\n\nYou can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree how to split your money and property.\n\nThe rules are different if you were not married or in a civil partnership. You\u2019ll still have to agree on child maintenance payments for any children.\n\nWhat you can do is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Making an agreement legally binding\n\nIf you and your ex-partner agree on how to divide money and property, you need to apply for a consent order to make it legally binding.\n\n## Get help agreeing\n\nYou can use a mediator or get other help to resolve issues out of court.\n\n## Get the court to decide\n\nIf you cannot agree on everything, you can ask a court to make a financial order.\n\n## If you agree\n\nIt\u2019s usually more straightforward and less expensive if you agree how to divide your money and property. Get help agreeing.\n\n## Making your agreement legally binding\n\nTo make your agreement legally binding you need to draft a consent order and ask a court to approve it.\n\nIf your agreement is not legally binding, a court cannot enforce it if there are any issues later.\n\nA consent order is a legal document that confirms your agreement. It explains how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nIt can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.\n\nYou can get legal advice or ask a solicitor to draft a consent order for you.\n\n## When to apply for a consent order\n\nYou can ask the court to approve your consent order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.\n\nIt is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.\n\nThe final legal document is the:\n\n- decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing\n\n- final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership\n\nYou can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended. This may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.\n\n## How to ask the court for approval\n\nYou and your ex-partner have to:\n\n- draft a consent order\n\n- sign the draft consent order - you also need 2 photocopies of the signed original\n\n- fill in a statement of information form\n\nOne of you also needs to fill in a notice of an application for a financial order.\n\nIf you\u2019re ending a civil partnership or legally separating, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to the court dealing with your paperwork. Keep your own copies.\n\nIf you\u2019re divorcing, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to:\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\nThere\u2019s usually no court hearing. A judge will approve your consent order to make it legally binding if they think it\u2019s fair.\n\nIf they do not think it\u2019s fair, they can ask you to change it.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe court fee is \u00a350.\n\nSolicitor fees vary depending on their experience and location. They usually charge per hour.\n\n## Get help agreeing\n\nA mediator can help you and your ex-partner agree on how to split money and property, without taking sides.\n\nMediation is not relationship counselling. It can help you agree on how you\u2019ll divide your assets, including:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nMediation can be quicker and cheaper than asking a court to decide for you.\n\nYou need to attend a mediation information assessment meeting (MIAM) before you start mediation.\n\nFind a local mediator.\n\nThe mediator can decide mediation is not right for you (for example, if there\u2019s been domestic abuse and you need to go to court instead).\n\n## How much it costs\n\nA MIAM is usually about \u00a330. If you need more mediation sessions they cost more and fees vary depending on where you live.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid for mediation.\n\n## Making your agreement legally binding\n\nAt the end of mediation you\u2019ll get a document showing what you agreed. This agreement is not legally binding.\n\nIf you want a legally binding agreement you need to draft a consent order and get a court to approve it. The consent order can be based on what you agreed in mediation.\n\n## If you need more help agreeing\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask a legal adviser about other ways to resolve issues out of court (such as family arbitration or collaborative law)\n\n- get information and advice from Citizens Advice\n\n- read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced\n\n- work out your finances with a divorce and separation calculator\n\n## If you do not agree on everything\n\nYou can ask a court to decide on anything you have not agreed on.\n\n## Get the court to decide\n\nIf you and your ex-partner cannot agree how to divide your finances you can ask a court to make a financial order (also known as the \u2018contested\u2019 route or an \u2018ancillary relief order\u2019).\n\nThis means the court will decide how assets will be split. Getting the court to decide usually takes longer and is more expensive than if you and your ex-partner agree.\n\nYou must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).\n\nA financial order will describe how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nIt can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.\n\n## When to apply for a financial order\n\nYou can ask a court to make a financial order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.\n\nIt is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.\n\nThe final legal document is the:\n\n- decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing\n\n- final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership\n\nYou can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended but it may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to apply for a financial order.\n\nSend 2 copies of the form to the court dealing with paperwork in your area to divorce or end your civil partnership. Keep a copy for yourself.\n\nYou can hire a solicitor to help you apply for a financial order from the court.\n\n## After you apply\n\nThere are three stages:\n\n- the first appointment - a short hearing with the judge to discuss your application\n\n- financial dispute resolution (FDR) appointment - to help you agree without needing a final hearing (you might need more than one appointment)\n\n- final hearing - if you\u2019re not able to agree, this is when a judge will decide how you must separate your finances\n\nThe court will send you and your ex-partner details when the first appointment will be. This is usually 12 to 14 weeks after you apply.\n\n## Before the first appointment\n\nYou and your ex-partner need to fill in a financial statement for a financial order (Form E) to show a breakdown of your property and debts. This includes giving an estimate of your future living costs.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to collect documents about your finances, for example:\n\n- rental or mortgage agreements\n\n- pension documents\n\n- loan agreements\n\n- proof of your salary income, for example P60 or recent pay slips\n\n- details of personal belongings worth more than \u00a3500, for example a car or house contents\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt depends on:\n\n- how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need\n\n- if you need a final hearing\n\nThere can be several months between the appointments.\n\n## How the court decides\n\nIf you cannot agree, a judge will decide how assets will be split. They\u2019ll base their decision on how long you\u2019ve been married or in a civil partnership, as well as your:\n\n- age\n\n- ability to earn\n\n- property and money\n\n- living expenses\n\n- standard of living\n\n- financial needs and responsibilities\n\n- role in looking after the family, for example if you were the main earner or caring for the family or home\n\n- disability or health condition, if you have any\n\nThe judge will decide on the fairest way to divide the assets if there\u2019s enough to meet everyone\u2019s needs. They will make arrangements for any children first - especially their housing arrangements and child maintenance. The reason for the divorce or dissolution is not taken into account.\n\nThe judge will usually try to arrange a \u2018clean break\u2019, so everything is shared out, and you no longer have any financial ties to one another.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe court fee is \u00a3255.\n\nSolicitor fees vary depending on their experience and where you live. They usually charge by the hour. How much you pay in total depends on how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need and if there will be a final hearing.\n\nYou can get legal aid to help with court costs in certain situations, for example if you\u2019re separating from an abusive partner.\n\n## Further help and advice\n\nYou can:\n\n- get information and advice from Citizens Advice\n\n- read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced\n\n- find out more about how to apply for a financial order\n\n## Maintenance payments\n\nThe court sometimes tells the person with the higher income to make regular maintenance payments to help with the other person\u2019s living costs.\n\nThis is called a \u2018maintenance order\u2019.\n\nA maintenance payment can be set for:\n\n- a limited period of time\n\n- until one of you dies, marries or enters into a new civil partnership\n\nThe payment can also be changed if one of you loses your job or gets much better paid work.\n\n## Child maintenance\n\nThe court can also decide on child maintenance, but this is often arranged by the Child Maintenance Service.\n\nRead more about making arrangements to look after children when you divorce or separate.\n\n## Tax when transferring assets\n\nYou do not usually have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you give, or otherwise \u2018dispose of\u2019, assets to your husband, wife or civil partner before you finalise the divorce or civil partnership.\n\nAssets include shares, certain personal possessions and property. You usually do not have to pay tax if you transfer or sell your main home.\n\n## If you transfer an asset when you\u2019re separated\n\nIf you lived together at any point in the tax year that you transferred the asset, the normal rules for spouses and civil partners apply.\n\nOtherwise you may have to pay Capital Gains Tax. You\u2019ll need to get a valuation of the asset on the date of transfer, and use it to work out the gain or loss.\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If you transfer an asset after you\u2019ve divorced or dissolved your civil partnership\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you transfer after your relationship has legally ended.\n\nThe rules for working out your gain or loss are complex. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help, such as an accountant or tax adviser. You\u2019ll need to tell them the date of:\n\n- the decree absolute or dissolution\n\n- any court order, if assets were transferred this way\n\n- any other contract showing the transfer of assets", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We have been married for 20 years and have four kids. Recently we decided to end our relationship. We decided to keep two kids each but are having issues on dividing up the assets", + "original_question": "We couldn't come to an agreement on dividing up the assets. Can we go to court and get them to decide?" + }, + { + "id": "train-173", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 34 year old from Newcastle. My 36 year old civil partner of 2 years has been cheating on me for at least 3 months.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible for me to end the civil partnership under these grounds?\n\nDocument - End a civil partnership:\n## Check you can end your civil partnership\n\nYou can apply to end (\u2018dissolve\u2019) your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been in the partnership for over a year.\n\nIf you do not want to end the civil partnership, you can get a legal separation so you can live apart. You can apply for separation during the first year of your civil partnership.\n\nEnding your civil partnership is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## How to end your civil partnership\n\nYou must send paperwork to a court to ask for permission to end your civil partnership.\n\nSeparate from the paperwork, you and your ex-partner may need to work out:\n\n- arrangements for looking after any children\n\n- child maintenance payments for any children\n\nYou also need to divide your money and property. There\u2019s a deadline if you want to make this legally binding.\n\nYou can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree about children, money and property and the reasons for ending your civil partnership.\n\n## Get help agreeing on issues\n\nYou can use a mediator. Check if you can get legal aid to help pay for mediation.\n\nYou can also get advice on making agreements from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Advicenow\n\n## Grounds for ending a civil partnership\n\nWhen you apply to end your civil partnership (\u2018dissolution\u2019), you\u2019ll need to prove your relationship has broken down and cannot be saved.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give one or more of the following 4 reasons (also known as \u2018facts\u2019).\n\n## Unreasonable behaviour\n\nYour civil partner has behaved in a way that means you cannot reasonably be expected to live with them.\n\nThis could include:\n\n- physical or mental cruelty\n\n- verbal or physical abuse\n\n- being irresponsible with money\n\n- being sexually unfaithful\n\n## Desertion\n\nYour civil partner has intentionally left you for at least 2 years.\n\nYou can still claim desertion if you have lived together for up to a total of 6 months in this period. This will not count towards the 2 years.\n\n## You\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years\n\nYou can apply to end your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years before applying and you both agree to end the civil partnership.\n\nYour civil partner must agree in writing to end the civil partnership.\n\nIt may be possible for you to show that you\u2019ve been separated while living in the same home as your civil partner as long as you\u2019re not living together as a couple (for example you sleep and eat apart).\n\n## You\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years\n\nYou can apply to end your civil partnership if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years, even if your civil partner disagrees.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo end a civil partnership, you first need to fill in a dissolution application.\n\nYou must include your:\n\n- full name and address\n\n- civil partner\u2019s full name and address\n\n- civil partnership certificate - send the original certificate or get a copy from a register office\n\nInclude the names and dates of birth of any children (no matter how old they are).\n\nYou must try to find your civil partner\u2019s current address if you do not know it. The court will need it to send them a copy of the dissolution application.\n\n## Pay the court fee\n\nYou will have to pay a \u00a3550 court fee to file the dissolution application.\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\n## By phone with a debit or credit card\n\nThe court calls you to take your payment. Include a letter with your petition to request the call and give them your phone number.\n\n## By post with a cheque\n\nMake out the cheque to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 and send it with your application.\n\n## Send the forms\n\nOnce you have filled in the forms:\n\n- send 3 copies to the court\n\n- keep copies for yourself\n\n- include your cheque, or your letter asking to pay by phone\n\n## Where to send the forms\n\nSend the forms to your nearest court dealing with civil partnership dissolution.\n\n## Apply for a conditional order\n\nYou can get a conditional order if your partner agrees to end the civil partnership.\n\nA conditional order is a document that says the court does not see any reason why you cannot end the civil partnership. It is the first of 2 stages to getting the civil partnership dissolved -\u00ad the second stage is getting a final order.\n\nIf your partner does not agree to end the civil partnership, you can still apply for a conditional order. You\u2019ll have to go to a hearing at the court to discuss the case, where a judge will decide whether to grant you the conditional order.\n\nYou must wait at least 7 days after your civil partner has received their copy of the dissolution application.\n\n## Fill in the application form\n\nTo apply for a conditional order, fill in the application for a conditional order.\n\nIf your partner is defending the case, fill in section B of the form, saying you want a \u2018case management hearing\u2019 before the judge.\n\nYou also need to fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your dissolution application is true.\n\nThere are 4 statement forms - use the one that covers the reason you\u2019ve given for ending the civil partnership:\n\n- unreasonable behaviour statement\n\n- desertion statement\n\n- 2 years\u2019 separation statement\n\n- 5 years\u2019 separation statement\n\nThe forms will need to show your civil partner:\n\n- has received the dissolution application\n\n- agrees to the dissolution if you\u2019re using the fact that you\u2019ve been living apart for 2 years as your reason\n\n- agrees with any arrangement proposed for children\n\nAttach your civil partner\u2019s response to the dissolution application, and send it to the court. Keep your own copy.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be civil partners at this stage, the \u2018final order\u2019 actually ends your civil partnership.\n\n## Apply for a final order\n\nThe final order is the legal document that ends your civil partnership.\n\nYou have to wait 6 weeks after the date of the conditional order to apply for a final order.\n\nIf your civil partner applied for a conditional order, you have to wait 3 months and 6 weeks after the date of the conditional order.\n\nApply within 12 months of getting the conditional order - otherwise you will have to explain the delay to the court.\n\nIf you want a legally binding arrangement for dividing money and property you must apply to the court for this before you apply for a final order.\n\nTo apply for a final order, fill in the application for a conditional order to be made final.\n\nReturn the form to the court. This will usually be the same court that dealt with your conditional order.\n\n## Getting the final order\n\nThe court will check that there are no reasons why the civil partnership cannot be ended. You must provide all details the court asks for within the time limits.\n\nIf the court is happy with all the information, it will send you and your civil partner a final order.\n\nOnce you get your final order, your civil partnership has ended and you can marry or enter into another civil partnership.\n\nYou must keep your final order safe - you will need to show it if you enter into another civil partnership or to prove your status.\n\n## If your partner lacks mental capacity\n\nYou can apply to end your civil partnership if your partner \u2018lacks mental capacity\u2019 and cannot agree to end the civil partnership or take part in the process.\n\nYour partner will need someone to make decisions for them during the process. The person who acts on their behalf is called a \u2018litigation friend\u2019. It can be a family member, close friend or someone else who can represent them.\n\n## Your partner does not have a litigation friend\n\nIf there\u2019s no one suitable and willing to be their litigation friend, you can apply to the court to appoint a litigation friend.\n\nThe Official Solicitor may agree to act as your partner\u2019s litigation friend when there\u2019s no one else to do this (\u2018litigation friend of last resort\u2019).\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Check there\u2019s nobody else suitable or willing to act as your civil partner\u2019s litigation friend.\n\n- Check that there\u2019s money available for any costs the Official Solicitor has to pay. Your civil partner may be able to get legal aid.\n\n- Give the details of your civil partner\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to the court so it can ask for a certificate of capacity.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf the Official Solicitor agrees to act as litigation friend for your civil partner, you\u2019ll be able to end your civil partnership.\n\n## Contact the Official Solicitor\u2019s staff\n\nEmail or call the private family law team if you have an enquiry.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/end-civil-partnership", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 34 year old from Newcastle. My 36 year old civil partner of 2 years has been cheating on me for at least 3 months.", + "original_question": "Is it possible for me to end the civil partnership under these grounds?" + }, + { + "id": "train-174", + "question": "Scenario: I am 54 and am applying to be a Personal Welfare Deputy for my 74 year old father, who has been diagnosed with dementia. My father has quite complex financial affairs, and I am concerned that I will be unable to deal with these myself.\n\nQuestion: Can the Court of Protection appoint someone qualified to deal with my father's finances if I am unable to find someone myself?\n\nDocument - Deputies: make decisions for someone who lacks capacity:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to become someone\u2019s deputy if they \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019. This means they cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made. They may still be able to make decisions for themselves at certain times.\n\nPeople may lack mental capacity because, for example:\n\n- they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness\n\n- they have dementia\n\n- they have severe learning disabilities\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019ll be authorised by the Court of Protection to make decisions on their behalf.\n\n## Types of deputy\n\nThere are 2 types of deputy.\n\n## Property and financial affairs deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll do things like pay the person\u2019s bills or organise their pension.\n\n## Personal welfare deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll make decisions about medical treatment and how someone is looked after.\n\nYou cannot become someone\u2019s personal welfare deputy if they\u2019re under 16. Get legal advice if you think the court needs to make a decision about their care.\n\nThe court will usually only appoint a personal welfare deputy if:\n\n- there\u2019s doubt whether decisions will be made in someone\u2019s best interests, for example because the family disagree about care\n\n- someone needs to be appointed to make decisions about a specific issue over time, for example where someone will live\n\nRead the full guidance about when you need to make a personal welfare application.\n\n## Becoming a deputy\n\nYou can apply to be just one type of deputy or both. If you\u2019re appointed, you\u2019ll get a court order saying what you can and cannot do.\n\nWhen you become a deputy, you must send an annual report to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made.\n\n## How to apply\n\nCheck you meet the requirements to be a deputy.\n\nSend the application forms to the Court of Protection and pay the application fee.\n\nYou do not need to be a deputy if you\u2019re just looking after someone\u2019s benefits. Apply to become an appointee instead.\n\n## Checks on your application\n\nThe Court of Protection will check:\n\n- whether the person needs a deputy or some other kind of help\n\n- there are no objections to your appointment\n\nIf you\u2019re appointed, the Office of the Public Guardian will help you carry out your responsibilities.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to be a deputy until your court order is changed, cancelled or expires.\n\n## Other ways to make decisions for someone\n\nIf you want to make a single important decision, you can apply to the Court of Protection for a one-off order.\n\nIf the person already has a lasting power of attorney (LPA) or enduring power of attorney (EPA), they do not usually need a deputy. Check if they have an LPA or EPA before you apply.\n\n## Who can apply to be a deputy\n\nYou can apply to be a deputy if you\u2019re 18 or over. Deputies are usually close relatives or friends of the person who needs help making decisions.\n\nIf you want to become a property and affairs deputy, you need to have the skills to make financial decisions for someone else.\n\nThe court can appoint 2 or more deputies for the same person.\n\n## When there\u2019s more than one deputy\n\nWhen you apply, tell the court how you\u2019ll make decisions if you\u2019re not the only deputy. It will be either:\n\n- together (\u2018joint deputyship\u2019), which means all the deputies have to agree on the decision\n\n- separately or together (\u2018jointly and severally\u2019), which means deputies can make decisions on their own or with other deputies\n\n## Other types of deputy\n\nSome people are paid to act as deputies, for example accountants, solicitors or representatives of the local authority.\n\nThe Court of Protection can appoint a specialist deputy (called a \u2018panel deputy\u2019) from a list of approved law firms and charities if no one else is available.\n\n## Responsibilities\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019re responsible for helping someone make decisions or making decisions on their behalf.\n\nYou must consider someone\u2019s level of mental capacity every time you make a decision for them - you cannot assume it\u2019s the same at all times and for all kinds of things.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a court order from the Court of Protection which says what you can and cannot do. There are also general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.\n\n## Guidance for all deputies\n\nWhen you\u2019re making a decision, you must:\n\n- make sure it\u2019s in the other person\u2019s best interests\n\n- consider what they\u2019ve done in the past\n\n- apply a high standard of care - this might mean involving other people, for example getting advice from relatives and professionals like doctors\n\n- do everything you can to help the other person understand the decision, for example explain what\u2019s going to happen with the help of pictures or sign language\n\n- add the decisions to your annual report\n\nYou must not:\n\n- restrain the person, unless it\u2019s to stop them coming to harm\n\n- stop life-sustaining medical treatment\n\n- take advantage of the person\u2019s situation, for example abuse them or profit from a decision you\u2019ve taken on their behalf\n\n- make a will for the person, or change their existing will\n\n- make gifts unless the court order says you can\n\n- hold any money or property in your own name on the person\u2019s behalf\n\n## Property and affairs deputies\n\nYou must make sure:\n\n- your own property and money is separate from the other person\u2019s\n\n- you keep records of the finances you manage on their behalf in your annual report\n\nYou may need to manage a Court Funds Office account on the other person\u2019s behalf.\n\nYou could be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years (or both) if you mistreat or neglect the person on purpose.\n\n## Apply to be a deputy\n\nYou need to download and fill in all of the following:\n\n- an application form (COP1) - you\u2019ll need to send the original form plus a copy when you apply\n\n- an assessment of capacity form (COP3)\n\n- a deputy\u2019s declaration (COP4)\n\nYou also need to download and fill in:\n\n- a supporting information form (COP1A) if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy\n\n- a supporting information form (COP1B) if you\u2019re applying to be a personal welfare deputy\n\nYou must name at least 3 people in your application who know the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for. For example, their relatives, a social worker or doctor.\n\nThe court may not accept your application if you do not send the \u2018assessment of capacity\u2019 (COP3) form.\n\nIf you cannot get an assessment, you must download and fill in a witness statement (COP24) to explain why you think the person you\u2019re applying about lacks capacity.\n\nYou should keep a copy of every form you fill in.\n\n## Where to send your forms\n\nSend the forms, including 2 copies of the application form (COP1), to the Court of Protection with a cheque for the application fee.\n\n## Tell people named in your application\n\nThe court will aim to send you a stamped copy of your application within a week of receiving it. This means your application is being considered (it has been \u2018issued\u2019). You\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining what to do next.\n\nWithin 14 days of the application being issued, you must tell (sometimes called \u2018serving\u2019) the following people:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for\n\n- at least 3 people named in your application as having an interest, for example the person\u2019s relatives, social worker or doctor\n\nIf you cannot tell 3 people you should send in a witness statement (COP24).\n\n## Tell the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for\n\nYou or your representative must visit the person and tell them:\n\n- who\u2019s applying to be their deputy\n\n- that their ability to make decisions is being questioned\n\n- what having a deputy would mean for them\n\n- where to get advice if they want to discuss the application\n\nDuring the visit give them:\n\n- a completed proceedings notification form (COP14) - use the guidance notes to fill this in yourself\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\n## Tell people connected to your application\n\nYou must tell 3 people named on your application that it has been issued.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirming that you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)\n\nWithin 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the relevant forms (sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for (COP20A)\n\n- other people named in the application (COP20B)\n\nSend them all together to the Court of Protection.\n\n## Fees\n\nYou must pay:\n\n- a fee to apply to be a deputy\n\n- a supervision fee every year after you\u2019ve been appointed\n\nYou may also have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy.\n\n## When you apply\n\nYou must pay a \u00a3365 application fee. Send this with your application form.\n\nYou need to pay the application fee twice if you\u2019re applying to become both types of deputy.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a3485 if the court decides your case needs a hearing. The court will tell you when you need to pay this.\n\nMake all cheques payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\n## Security bonds for property and affairs deputies\n\nYou may have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy. This is a type of insurance that protects the finances of the person you\u2019re a deputy for.\n\nYou do not have to set up a bond if either:\n\n- you\u2019re representing a local authority\n\n- the court decides it\u2019s not necessary, for example if the person\u2019s estate has a low value\n\nIf you need to set one up, you\u2019ll get a letter from the court telling you this. The letter will explain what to do next.\n\nYou set up the bond with a security bond provider. The amount you pay depends on:\n\n- the value of the estate of the person you\u2019re a deputy for\n\n- how much of their estate you control\n\nYou can pay it either:\n\n- using the person\u2019s money\n\n- yourself - you can get the money back from the person\u2019s estate once you have access to it\n\nYou may be prosecuted if you misuse the person\u2019s money.\n\n## After you\u2019ve been appointed\n\nYou must pay an annual supervision fee depending on what level of supervision your deputyship needs. You\u2019ll pay:\n\n- \u00a3320 for general supervision\n\n- \u00a335 for minimal supervision - this applies to some property and affairs deputies managing less than \u00a321,000\n\nYour annual supervision fee is due on 31 March for the previous year.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay a \u00a3100 assessment fee if you\u2019re a new deputy.\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will tell you how and when to pay your assessment and supervision fees.\n\nYou may be able to claim a refund of your fees in certain situations.\n\n## Getting help with your application fee\n\nYou may not have to pay an application fee depending on:\n\n- what type of deputy you\u2019re applying to be\n\n- how much money you or the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for has\n\n| Type of deputy | Whose finances will be assessed |\n\n| Property and financial affairs | Theirs |\n\n| Personal welfare | Yours |\n\nThe guidance has information about getting help with your fees.\n\nYou can claim back the fee from the funds of the person you want to be a deputy for if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy.\n\nThe fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving the application.\n\n## Getting help with your supervision fees\n\nYou can apply for an exemption or reduction of the fee if the person you\u2019re a deputy for gets certain benefits or has an income below \u00a312,000. Read the guidance that comes with the form and apply if the person meets the requirements. The address is on the form.\n\nIf the person you\u2019re deputy for dies, you pay the supervision fee for the part of the year when you acted as deputy. For example, you\u2019ll have to pay \u00a317.50 if your minimal supervision deputyship comes to an end after 6 months.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nThere\u2019s a 14-day wait after you tell the other people involved that you applied, in case they object.\n\nThe Court of Protection will then review your application and tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you need to set up a security bond before you can be appointed\n\n- you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services\n\n- it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to get more information, for example if someone objected\n\nThere\u2019s usually no hearing if you applied to be a property and financial affairs deputy.\n\nRead guidance on how coronavirus (COVID-19) might affect your hearing and what you should bring.\n\n## Tell the person you want to be a deputy for about the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a notice with the date of the hearing if the court decides to hold one. You must visit the person you want to be deputy for and tell them about it:\n\n- within 14 days of getting the notice\n\n- at least 14 days before the date of the hearing\n\nGive them a completed notice about proceedings (COP14). Use the guidance notes to fill it in.\n\nYou must explain that they can contact Court of Protection staff for advice and assistance.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve told them, send a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.\n\nThe guidance explains what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.\n\n## When you're appointed\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a \u2018court order\u2019 telling you what you can and cannot do as a deputy. When you have this, you can start acting on the person\u2019s behalf.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the court order:\n\n- as soon as you\u2019re appointed - if you\u2019re a personal welfare deputy\n\n- after you set up a security bond - if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and have been asked to do this by the court\n\nYou\u2019ll need a separate court order before you can:\n\n- sell a property that\u2019s jointly owned if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy\n\n- make a one-off decision on anything else that\u2019s not covered by the court order\n\nCheck the court order. If there are any mistakes, download and fill in form COP9 with the details and send it to the court within 21 days of receiving the court order. There is no fee.\n\n## Tell people and organisations you\u2019re a deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll get official copies of the court order to send to banks and building societies, for example. These prove you\u2019re acting on behalf of the other person. When you send out an official copy, ask for it to be returned.\n\nOrder extra copies of the court order by writing to the Court of Protection. They cost \u00a35 each.\n\n## Start managing a bank account\n\nBefore you can manage an account, you must show the bank:\n\n- the original court order, or an official copy of it\n\n- proof of your name, for example your passport or driving licence\n\n- proof of your address, for example a gas, electricity or council tax bill, or letter from a government department\n\n- proof of the name or address of the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for - if they\u2019re not the same as on the bank account\n\n## Court Funds Office accounts\n\nIf the person you\u2019re deputy for has money in a Court Funds Office account, you\u2019ll be sent information about how to access it.\n\nYou can also apply to open an account with the Court Funds Office if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and it\u2019s in the person\u2019s best interests.\n\n## Record your decisions and transactions\n\nYou can start your annual report to record your decisions and transactions, such as paying bills.\n\n## Supervision, support and visits\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019ll be supervised by the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG). They\u2019re authorised to contact you or visit you to check you\u2019re being an effective deputy. They can also give you advice and support.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be supervised\n\nNew deputies get a \u2018general\u2019 level of supervision for their first year.\n\nAfter that, if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy you\u2019ll move to \u2018minimal\u2019 supervision if both:\n\n- you\u2019re managing less than \u00a321,000\n\n- you no longer need a general level of supervision\n\nYou\u2019ll pay a lower fee and have to write a shorter annual report than deputies with general supervision.\n\n## Supervision visits\n\nYou may be visited by a Court of Protection visitor to check if you:\n\n- understand your duties\n\n- have the right level of support from OPG\n\n- are carrying out your duties properly\n\n- are being investigated because of a complaint\n\nThe visitor will call you to arrange the visit and explain why they\u2019re visiting.\n\n## Contact OPG\n\nTell OPG if you\u2019re planning to make an important decision, for example you want to sell the property of the person you\u2019re deputy for so they can move into a care home.\n\n## Accounts, gifts and expenses\n\nYou must keep accounts and follow the rules for gifts and expenses if you\u2019re acting as deputy for someone else. You must also record the transactions in your annual report.\n\n## Accounts\n\nAs a property and affairs deputy, you must keep copies of:\n\n- bank statements\n\n- contracts for services or tradespeople\n\n- receipts\n\n- letters and emails about your activities as a deputy\n\n## Gifts\n\nYour court order will say if you can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the other person, including donations to charities. It will also say if there\u2019s an annual limit on how much money you can use for gifts.\n\nGifts must be reasonable. You need to make sure any gifts do not reduce the level of care the person you\u2019re deputy for can afford.\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if you want to make a one-off large gift for Inheritance Tax purposes, for example.\n\n## Expenses\n\nYou can claim expenses for things you must do to carry out your role as deputy, for example phone calls, postage and travel costs. You cannot claim:\n\n- travel costs for social visits\n\n- for the time spent carrying out your duties (unless you\u2019re a professional deputy, for example a solicitor)\n\nYou may be asked to give a detailed report of what you spent. You\u2019ll have to pay the money back if the Office of the Public Guardian finds your expenses are unreasonable. They may ask the court to stop you being a deputy if they think you\u2019ve been dishonest.\n\n## Complete your deputy report\n\nYou must write a report each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made as a deputy. You might be asked to do this more often if the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) needs additional information.\n\nYou may also need to write a final report if you stop being a deputy.\n\nIf you\u2019re a public authority or professional deputy using the service for the first time, you need to contact your case manager to register first. If you\u2019re a deputy for a friend or family member, you can create an account online.\n\nStart now\n\nOr you can download and fill in a paper annual report form. The address you need to send it to is on the form.\n\n## What to include\n\nYour report must include:\n\n- the reasons for your decisions and why they were in the best interests of the person you\u2019re deputy for\n\n- who you spoke to and why what they said was in the person\u2019s best interests\n\n- the finances of the person if you\u2019re their property and financial deputy\n\nThe OPG will tell you when it\u2019s time to send it.\n\nIf you do not send the report the OPG might:\n\n- increase your level of supervision\n\n- ask the court to replace you with a different deputy\n\n## Change your deputyship or make a one-off decision\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if you have to:\n\n- renew your deputyship\n\n- change your deputyship, for example make decisions that are not in the original order\n\n- make a one-off decision on something not covered by your court order\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in both:\n\n- an application form (COP 1)\n\n- a witness statement form (COP24) with a copy of the current order appointing you as a deputy attached\n\nYour witness statement should include:\n\n- the total annual income of the person you\u2019re a deputy for including pensions\n\n- a summary of their assets, for example bank balances, savings, investments\n\n- details of property they own\n\n- the annual cost of their care and other regular items of major expenditure\n\n- the value of the security bond set by the court\n\n- a description of the circumstances that have led to the application being made\n\nSend the Court of Protection:\n\n- the completed forms\n\n- a cheque for the application fee - \u00a3365 - payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nYou can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nIf you need help with changing your deputyship, call the Court of Protection.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou may have to notify other people about the change to the court order if the court tells you to.\n\nThey can object or ask the court to reconsider any proposed changes they do not agree with. They can do this:\n\n- before the court order is issued\n\n- up to 21 days after the court order is issued\n\n## End your deputyship\n\nIf you no longer want or need to be a deputy, download and fill in the application notice (COP1) and send it to the Court of Protection.\n\nIf the person has recovered mental capacity, download and fill in form COP 9. Send it to the Court of Protection with any supporting evidence, for example a doctor\u2019s letter.\n\nYou cannot stop being a deputy until you\u2019ve got the relevant court order.\n\n## If the person you\u2019re deputy for dies\n\nContact the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and the Court of Protection to tell them that the person has died.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to send evidence to OPG that the person has died, for example a death certificate. Check the full list of evidence that OPG accepts.\n\nYour security bond will remain in force for 2 years after the death of the person you\u2019re a deputy for unless there\u2019s a court order cancelling it.\n\nContact the Court Funds Office if the person you were deputy for had an account with them.\n\nRead more about how to be a deputy.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-deputy", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 54 and am applying to be a Personal Welfare Deputy for my 74 year old father, who has been diagnosed with dementia. My father has quite complex financial affairs, and I am concerned that I will be unable to deal with these myself.", + "original_question": "Can the Court of Protection appoint someone qualified to deal with my father's finances if I am unable to find someone myself?" + }, + { + "id": "train-175", + "question": "Scenario: I am in receipt of pension credit and not Universal Credit and would like to get a budgeting loan for some household appliances as my fridge and washer have both broken.\n\nQuestion: I already owe \u00a31600 in budgeting loans, can I borrow any more?\n\nDocument - Budgeting Loans:\n## How they work\n\nA Budgeting Loan can help pay for:\n\n- furniture or household items (for example, washing machines or other \u2018white goods\u2019)\n\n- clothes or footwear\n\n- rent in advance\n\n- costs linked to moving house\n\n- maintenance, improvements or security for your home\n\n- travelling costs within the UK\n\n- costs linked to getting a new job\n\n- maternity costs\n\n- funeral costs\n\n- repaying hire purchase loans\n\n- repaying loans taken for the above items\n\nCrisis Loans are not available any more.\n\nYou may be eligible for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on certain benefits for 6 months.\n\nYou only have to pay back the amount you borrow, and repayments are taken automatically from your benefits.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Check if you're eligible\n\nTo get a Budgeting Loan you must have been getting one or more of these benefits for the past 6 months:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\nIf you moved from Universal Credit to Pension Credit, any time spent claiming Universal Credit will count towards the 6 months.\n\nYou cannot get a Budgeting Loan if:\n\n- you are currently claiming Universal Credit - apply for a Budgeting Advance instead\n\n- you\u2019re involved in industrial action (for example, a strike, walkout or lockout)\n\n- you owe more than \u00a31,500 in total for Crisis Loans and Budgeting Loans\n\nIf you live in Northern Ireland, go to Budgeting Loans in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you could get\n\nThe lowest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100. You could get up to:\n\n- \u00a3348 if you\u2019re single\n\n- \u00a3464 if you have a partner\n\n- \u00a3812 if you or your partner claim Child Benefit\n\nHow much you could get depends on whether you:\n\n- can pay the loan back\n\n- have savings of more than \u00a31,000 (\u00a32,000 if you or your partner are 63 or over)\n\n- are paying back an existing Budgeting Loan or Crisis Loan\n\n## Paying back the loan\n\nA Budgeting Loan is interest free so you only pay back what you borrow.\n\nThe repayments will be taken automatically from your benefits. The amount you repay is based on your income - including any benefits you receive - and what you can afford.\n\nAfter you apply for a Budgeting Loan, you\u2019ll get an email, text or letter telling you if you\u2019ve been offered a loan. This explains how much your weekly repayments will be if you accept the loan.\n\nYou normally have to repay the loan within 2 years (104 weeks). If you stop getting benefits, you\u2019ll need to arrange another way to repay.\n\n## Apply\n\nCheck you\u2019re eligible before you apply.\n\nIf you get Universal Credit you cannot get a Budgeting Loan. You\u2019ll need to apply for a Budgeting Advance\u00a0instead.\n\nYou can apply online or using the paper form. It\u2019s quicker to apply online.\n\n## Apply online\n\nWhen you apply online, you can choose to get a decision on your loan by either:\n\n- email\n\n- text message\n\n- letter\n\nIt\u2019s quicker to get the decision by email or text message and accept it online.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to apply for a Budgeting Loan in Northern Ireland.\n\nApply online\n\n## Apply using the paper form\n\nYou will need to fill in form SF500. You can:\n\n- download and print the form\n\n- phone the Social Fund Enquiry Line and ask for a form to be posted to you - allow 7 days for the form to arrive\n\nReturn your completed form by post.\n\n## After you apply\n\nAfter you apply you will be given a decision on your application. You need to accept the decision before you get your money.\n\n## If you apply online\n\nYou\u2019ll find out if you\u2019ve been offered a loan within:\n\n- 7 days if you get the decision by text or email\n\n- 21 days if you get the decision by letter\n\n## If you apply by post\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you if you\u2019ve been offered a loan within 21 days.\n\n## Accepting the loan\n\nHow you accept the loan depends on how you applied.\n\n## Accept online\n\nYou can accept the loan offer online by following the instructions in the text or email.\n\n## Accept by post\n\nYou can accept by signing page 4 of the acceptance letter and returning it in the pre-paid envelope provided. Make sure the reply slip is folded so that the return address is fully visible in the envelope window.\n\nReturn it to the address on the letter. Do not send it to your local Jobcentre Plus office as this may delay getting your loan.\n\n## Getting your money\n\nYou\u2019ll get your money within:\n\n- 7 days of accepting the loan offer online\n\n- 21 days of your loan offer acceptance being received by post\n\nThe money will be paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a text message confirming this has been done.\n\n## Questions about your application\n\nCall the Social Fund Enquiry Line if you have a question about the progress of your application.\n\nYou should wait:\n\n- 14 days before phoning if you applied online\n\n- 21 days before phoning if you applied by post\n\nYour application may not have been processed before then.\n\n## Other help you can get\n\nYou may be able to get other kinds of support, including:\n\n- help from your local council and Jobcentre Plus\n\n- the Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales\n\n- a Crisis Grant or Community Care Grant in Scotland\n\n- Discretionary Support or a Short-term Benefit Advance in Northern Ireland", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/budgeting-help-benefits", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am in receipt of pension credit and not Universal Credit and would like to get a budgeting loan for some household appliances as my fridge and washer have both broken.", + "original_question": "I already owe \u00a31600 in budgeting loans, can I borrow any more?" + }, + { + "id": "train-176", + "question": "Scenario: I'm 19, live in London and have a daughter who is almost 2 years old. I recently began attending a course at my local sixth form college, which I believe is publicly funded.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim help with my childminding costs under the Care to Learn scheme?\n\nDocument - Care to Learn:\n## Overview\n\nThe Care to Learn scheme can help with childcare costs while you study.\n\nYou must be aged under 20 at the start of your course.\n\nThe scheme is available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses in:\n\n- schools\n\n- sixth-forms in schools\n\n- sixth-form colleges\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a3160 per child per week if you live outside London\n\n- \u00a3175 per child per week if you live in London\n\n## What it covers\n\nCare to Learn can help with the cost of:\n\n- your childcare, including deposit and registration fees\n\n- a childcare taster session for up to 5 days\n\n- keeping your childcare place over the summer holidays\n\n- taking your child to their childcare provider\n\n## Payments\n\nChildcare payments go directly to your childcare provider.\n\nBefore they can be paid:\n\n- your childcare provider needs to confirm your child\u2019s attendance\n\n- your school or college needs to confirm that you\u2019re attending your course\n\nTravel payments go direct to your school or college - they\u2019ll either pay you or arrange travel for you.\n\n## When payments stop\n\nPayments end when:\n\n- you stop attending your course\n\n- you reach the end of your course\n\n- your child stops attending childcare\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get Care to Learn if all of the following apply to you:\n\n- you\u2019re a parent under 20 at the start of your course\n\n- you\u2019re the main carer for your child\n\n- you live in England\n\n- you\u2019re either a British citizen or have a legal right to live and study in England\n\n- your course qualifies\n\n- your childcare provider qualifies\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.\n\n## Your course\n\nCare to Learn is only available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses that take place in:\n\n- schools\n\n- sixth-forms in schools\n\n- sixth-form colleges\n\n- other colleges and learning providers, including Foundation Learning\n\n- your community at Children\u2019s Centres\n\nYour learning provider can tell you if your course is eligible.\n\n## Your childcare provider\n\nTo qualify, your childcare provider must be registered with Ofsted.\n\nThey can be a:\n\n- childminder\n\n- preschool playgroup\n\n- day nursery\n\n- out of school club\n\n## Who cannot get Care to Learn\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible if:\n\n- you\u2019re an apprentice who gets a salary\n\n- you\u2019re doing a higher education course at university\n\n## Apply for Care to Learn\n\nYou must choose your learning provider and childcare provider before you apply.\n\nYou need to make a new application for each year you study.\n\nYour childcare provider is paid from the beginning of your course if you apply either:\n\n- before your course starts\n\n- within 28 days of starting your course\n\nIf you apply after that, your childcare provider will only be paid from the beginning of the week that your application was received.\n\nApply online for Care to Learn.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nYou must give your learning provider either:\n\n- a copy of the child\u2019s birth certificate\n\n- a letter confirming receipt of Child Benefit for that child\n\n## If you qualify\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter and a payment plan telling you what financial help you can get.\n\nYour childcare provider will only be paid after you\u2019ve provided this.\n\nYour childcare provider will also get the payment plan to let them know when they\u2019ll be paid.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for travel costs, your learning provider will be told about payments for this.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must report changes to your:\n\n- personal details\n\n- childcare provider\n\n- hours of childcare\n\n- travel costs\n\n- learning provider\n\nYou can do this by updating your online application.\n\n## Benefits\n\nClaiming Care to Learn will not affect your family\u2019s benefits or allowances.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/care-to-learn", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I'm 19, live in London and have a daughter who is almost 2 years old. I recently began attending a course at my local sixth form college, which I believe is publicly funded.", + "original_question": "Can I claim help with my childminding costs under the Care to Learn scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-177", + "question": "Scenario: My ex-husband is defaulting on our child maintenance agreement. I am the parent with primary care of our daughter and he is currently in Germany with the army.\n\nQuestion: Can an absent parent in the army be made to pay child maintenance while the are abroad?\n\nDocument - Child maintenance if a parent lives abroad:\n## Overview\n\nYou cannot make a new application to the Child Maintenance Service if the child and the parent with the main day-to-day care live abroad.\n\nThere are circumstances where the service can help if the paying parent lives abroad.\n\nYou can make a child maintenance arrangement yourself - if one or both parents live abroad.\n\n## Enforcing a child maintenance decision\n\nYou can ask a court for help if the other parent does not pay any child maintenance they owe you. This is known as taking \u2018enforcement action\u2019.\n\nYou cannot enforce an arrangement you\u2019ve made yourself - you need to make it legally binding first.\n\nYou can also ask the court to change an existing child maintenance decision or make a new one.\n\nHow you enforce, change or make a decision depends on:\n\n- where the other parent lives\n\n- where your original decision was made\n\nThe UK has a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) agreement with a number of other countries. Courts in \u2018REMO countries\u2019 can enforce child maintenance decisions made by UK courts.\n\n## Child maintenance decisions made in Scotland or Northern Ireland\n\nThe process is different if you want to enforce a child maintenance decision that was originally made in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## If the decision was made in Scotland\n\nContact the Scottish government for advice.\n\n## If the decision was made in Northern Ireland\n\nContact the Northern Ireland Central Authority for advice.\n\n## If the other parent lives abroad\n\nHow you get a decision recognised or enforced depends on whether the other parent lives in a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) country. Check the list of REMO countries.\n\nIf the other parent does not live in a REMO country, get legal advice from a solicitor to find out if you can enforce the decision.\n\nIf the other parent does live in a REMO country, contact your nearest Maintenance Enforcement Business Centre (MEBC). They\u2019ll send you an application form.\n\nComplete the form and send it back to your MEBC with any supporting documents. Your documents will be translated if needed. You do not have to pay for this.\n\nTell the MEBC if you do not want the other parent to see certain information about you, such as your address.\n\nThe process is different if you want to enforce a child maintenance decision that was originally made in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Maintenance Enforcement Business Centres\n\n## Greater London\n\n## England\n\n## Wales\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe MEBC will send your completed form and any supporting documents to the REMO Unit.\n\nThe REMO Unit will send your documents to the body responsible for REMO in the relevant country within a month of receiving them. Your documents will then be sent on to the court in that country.\n\nThe process may change from 1 January 2021. The Maintenance Enforcement Business Centre or REMO Unit might tell you to fill in another form so your application can continue after that date. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this.\n\nIt can take several months for the court to decide if your maintenance decision should be enforced.\n\n## If you live abroad\n\nYou can still enforce a child maintenance decision if the other parent lives in the UK but you live in another country.\n\nCheck if you live in a country which can enforce a child maintenance decision made in the UK. This is called a Reciprocal Enforcement of Maintenance Orders (REMO) country.\n\nIf you live in a REMO country, ask the court where you live to enforce the decision.\n\nIf you do not live in a REMO country, you might still be able to enforce a decision. Get legal advice from a solicitor in the country where you live or in the UK.\n\n## If the other parent works abroad for a British organisation\n\nYou might be able to make a new child maintenance claim instead of enforcing an existing one if the other parent is working abroad for certain British organisations, for example:\n\n- as a civil servant\n\n- for Her Majesty\u2019s Diplomatic Service\n\n- as a member of the Armed Forces\n\n- for a company based and registered in the UK\n\n- for the NHS\n\n- for a local authority\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact Child Maintenance Options to make a new arrangement.\n\nThey\u2019ll talk through the process with you and explain how to apply to the Child Maintenance Service.\n\nThere are different contact details if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou must pay:\n\n- \u00a320 to apply - you do not have to pay this if you\u2019re under 19, a victim of domestic violence or in Northern Ireland\n\n- additional fees for paying and collecting child maintenance if you use the Collect and Pay service\n\nIf you\u2019ve already made a claim, contact the service that deals with your case for advice.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-if-one-parent-lives-abroad", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My ex-husband is defaulting on our child maintenance agreement. I am the parent with primary care of our daughter and he is currently in Germany with the army.", + "original_question": "Can an absent parent in the army be made to pay child maintenance while the are abroad?" + }, + { + "id": "train-181", + "question": "Scenario: I have two children and I am currently due to start a degree course in social work this coming Autumn.\n\nQuestion: Can I make a claim given that I will be studying and no longer working?\n\nDocument - Parents' Learning Allowance:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be eligible for help with your learning costs if you\u2019re a full-time student with children. This is called Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\nThe allowance:\n\n- does not have to be paid back\n\n- is paid on top of your other student finance\n\n- will not affect your benefits or tax credit\n\n## What you'll get\n\nDepending on your household income, in the 2021 to 2022 academic year you could get between \u00a350 and \u00a31,821 a year.\n\nIt\u2019s usually paid in 3 instalments direct to your bank account, one at the start of each term.\n\nParents\u2019 Learning Allowance is paid on top of your other student finance and does not have to be paid back.\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nFull-time students could get up to \u00a31,766 a year.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nIf you\u2019re a student from England with dependent children you may qualify if you\u2019re taking:\n\n- a full-time undergraduate course\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training (ITT) course\n\nYou do not need to be paying for childcare to qualify.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for the Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance when you apply for student finance.\n\n## After you apply\n\nAfter you apply you\u2019ll get a letter telling you how much you can get.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parents-learning-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have two children and I am currently due to start a degree course in social work this coming Autumn.", + "original_question": "Can I make a claim given that I will be studying and no longer working?" + }, + { + "id": "train-182", + "question": "Scenario: My brother has 2 kids and my brother lost his partner in a accident and my brother also suffering from dementia and can't make decision on his own\n\nQuestion: My brother's partners brother want to be my brother's deputy . Is this possible ?\n\nDocument - Deputies: make decisions for someone who lacks capacity:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to become someone\u2019s deputy if they \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019. This means they cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made. They may still be able to make decisions for themselves at certain times.\n\nPeople may lack mental capacity because, for example:\n\n- they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness\n\n- they have dementia\n\n- they have severe learning disabilities\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019ll be authorised by the Court of Protection to make decisions on their behalf.\n\n## Types of deputy\n\nThere are 2 types of deputy.\n\n## Property and financial affairs deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll do things like pay the person\u2019s bills or organise their pension.\n\n## Personal welfare deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll make decisions about medical treatment and how someone is looked after.\n\nYou cannot become someone\u2019s personal welfare deputy if they\u2019re under 16. Get legal advice if you think the court needs to make a decision about their care.\n\nThe court will usually only appoint a personal welfare deputy if:\n\n- there\u2019s doubt whether decisions will be made in someone\u2019s best interests, for example because the family disagree about care\n\n- someone needs to be appointed to make decisions about a specific issue over time, for example where someone will live\n\nRead the full guidance about when you need to make a personal welfare application.\n\n## Becoming a deputy\n\nYou can apply to be just one type of deputy or both. If you\u2019re appointed, you\u2019ll get a court order saying what you can and cannot do.\n\nWhen you become a deputy, you must send an annual report to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made.\n\n## How to apply\n\nCheck you meet the requirements to be a deputy.\n\nSend the application forms to the Court of Protection and pay the application fee.\n\nYou do not need to be a deputy if you\u2019re just looking after someone\u2019s benefits. Apply to become an appointee instead.\n\n## Checks on your application\n\nThe Court of Protection will check:\n\n- whether the person needs a deputy or some other kind of help\n\n- there are no objections to your appointment\n\nIf you\u2019re appointed, the Office of the Public Guardian will help you carry out your responsibilities.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to be a deputy until your court order is changed, cancelled or expires.\n\n## Other ways to make decisions for someone\n\nIf you want to make a single important decision, you can apply to the Court of Protection for a one-off order.\n\nIf the person already has a lasting power of attorney (LPA) or enduring power of attorney (EPA), they do not usually need a deputy. Check if they have an LPA or EPA before you apply.\n\n## Who can apply to be a deputy\n\nYou can apply to be a deputy if you\u2019re 18 or over. Deputies are usually close relatives or friends of the person who needs help making decisions.\n\nIf you want to become a property and affairs deputy, you need to have the skills to make financial decisions for someone else.\n\nThe court can appoint 2 or more deputies for the same person.\n\n## When there\u2019s more than one deputy\n\nWhen you apply, tell the court how you\u2019ll make decisions if you\u2019re not the only deputy. It will be either:\n\n- together (\u2018joint deputyship\u2019), which means all the deputies have to agree on the decision\n\n- separately or together (\u2018jointly and severally\u2019), which means deputies can make decisions on their own or with other deputies\n\n## Other types of deputy\n\nSome people are paid to act as deputies, for example accountants, solicitors or representatives of the local authority.\n\nThe Court of Protection can appoint a specialist deputy (called a \u2018panel deputy\u2019) from a list of approved law firms and charities if no one else is available.\n\n## Responsibilities\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019re responsible for helping someone make decisions or making decisions on their behalf.\n\nYou must consider someone\u2019s level of mental capacity every time you make a decision for them - you cannot assume it\u2019s the same at all times and for all kinds of things.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a court order from the Court of Protection which says what you can and cannot do. There are also general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.\n\n## Guidance for all deputies\n\nWhen you\u2019re making a decision, you must:\n\n- make sure it\u2019s in the other person\u2019s best interests\n\n- consider what they\u2019ve done in the past\n\n- apply a high standard of care - this might mean involving other people, for example getting advice from relatives and professionals like doctors\n\n- do everything you can to help the other person understand the decision, for example explain what\u2019s going to happen with the help of pictures or sign language\n\n- add the decisions to your annual report\n\nYou must not:\n\n- restrain the person, unless it\u2019s to stop them coming to harm\n\n- stop life-sustaining medical treatment\n\n- take advantage of the person\u2019s situation, for example abuse them or profit from a decision you\u2019ve taken on their behalf\n\n- make a will for the person, or change their existing will\n\n- make gifts unless the court order says you can\n\n- hold any money or property in your own name on the person\u2019s behalf\n\n## Property and affairs deputies\n\nYou must make sure:\n\n- your own property and money is separate from the other person\u2019s\n\n- you keep records of the finances you manage on their behalf in your annual report\n\nYou may need to manage a Court Funds Office account on the other person\u2019s behalf.\n\nYou could be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years (or both) if you mistreat or neglect the person on purpose.\n\n## Apply to be a deputy\n\nYou need to download and fill in all of the following:\n\n- an application form (COP1) - you\u2019ll need to send the original form plus a copy when you apply\n\n- an assessment of capacity form (COP3)\n\n- a deputy\u2019s declaration (COP4)\n\nYou also need to download and fill in:\n\n- a supporting information form (COP1A) if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy\n\n- a supporting information form (COP1B) if you\u2019re applying to be a personal welfare deputy\n\nYou must name at least 3 people in your application who know the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for. For example, their relatives, a social worker or doctor.\n\nThe court may not accept your application if you do not send the \u2018assessment of capacity\u2019 (COP3) form.\n\nIf you cannot get an assessment, you must download and fill in a witness statement (COP24) to explain why you think the person you\u2019re applying about lacks capacity.\n\nYou should keep a copy of every form you fill in.\n\n## Where to send your forms\n\nSend the forms, including 2 copies of the application form (COP1), to the Court of Protection with a cheque for the application fee.\n\n## Tell people named in your application\n\nThe court will aim to send you a stamped copy of your application within a week of receiving it. This means your application is being considered (it has been \u2018issued\u2019). You\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining what to do next.\n\nWithin 14 days of the application being issued, you must tell (sometimes called \u2018serving\u2019) the following people:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for\n\n- at least 3 people named in your application as having an interest, for example the person\u2019s relatives, social worker or doctor\n\nIf you cannot tell 3 people you should send in a witness statement (COP24).\n\n## Tell the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for\n\nYou or your representative must visit the person and tell them:\n\n- who\u2019s applying to be their deputy\n\n- that their ability to make decisions is being questioned\n\n- what having a deputy would mean for them\n\n- where to get advice if they want to discuss the application\n\nDuring the visit give them:\n\n- a completed proceedings notification form (COP14) - use the guidance notes to fill this in yourself\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\n## Tell people connected to your application\n\nYou must tell 3 people named on your application that it has been issued.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirming that you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)\n\nWithin 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the relevant forms (sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for (COP20A)\n\n- other people named in the application (COP20B)\n\nSend them all together to the Court of Protection.\n\n## Fees\n\nYou must pay:\n\n- a fee to apply to be a deputy\n\n- a supervision fee every year after you\u2019ve been appointed\n\nYou may also have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy.\n\n## When you apply\n\nYou must pay a \u00a3365 application fee. Send this with your application form.\n\nYou need to pay the application fee twice if you\u2019re applying to become both types of deputy.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a3485 if the court decides your case needs a hearing. The court will tell you when you need to pay this.\n\nMake all cheques payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\n## Security bonds for property and affairs deputies\n\nYou may have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy. This is a type of insurance that protects the finances of the person you\u2019re a deputy for.\n\nYou do not have to set up a bond if either:\n\n- you\u2019re representing a local authority\n\n- the court decides it\u2019s not necessary, for example if the person\u2019s estate has a low value\n\nIf you need to set one up, you\u2019ll get a letter from the court telling you this. The letter will explain what to do next.\n\nYou set up the bond with a security bond provider. The amount you pay depends on:\n\n- the value of the estate of the person you\u2019re a deputy for\n\n- how much of their estate you control\n\nYou can pay it either:\n\n- using the person\u2019s money\n\n- yourself - you can get the money back from the person\u2019s estate once you have access to it\n\nYou may be prosecuted if you misuse the person\u2019s money.\n\n## After you\u2019ve been appointed\n\nYou must pay an annual supervision fee depending on what level of supervision your deputyship needs. You\u2019ll pay:\n\n- \u00a3320 for general supervision\n\n- \u00a335 for minimal supervision - this applies to some property and affairs deputies managing less than \u00a321,000\n\nYour annual supervision fee is due on 31 March for the previous year.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay a \u00a3100 assessment fee if you\u2019re a new deputy.\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will tell you how and when to pay your assessment and supervision fees.\n\nYou may be able to claim a refund of your fees in certain situations.\n\n## Getting help with your application fee\n\nYou may not have to pay an application fee depending on:\n\n- what type of deputy you\u2019re applying to be\n\n- how much money you or the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for has\n\n| Type of deputy | Whose finances will be assessed |\n\n| Property and financial affairs | Theirs |\n\n| Personal welfare | Yours |\n\nThe guidance has information about getting help with your fees.\n\nYou can claim back the fee from the funds of the person you want to be a deputy for if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy.\n\nThe fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving the application.\n\n## Getting help with your supervision fees\n\nYou can apply for an exemption or reduction of the fee if the person you\u2019re a deputy for gets certain benefits or has an income below \u00a312,000. Read the guidance that comes with the form and apply if the person meets the requirements. The address is on the form.\n\nIf the person you\u2019re deputy for dies, you pay the supervision fee for the part of the year when you acted as deputy. For example, you\u2019ll have to pay \u00a317.50 if your minimal supervision deputyship comes to an end after 6 months.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nThere\u2019s a 14-day wait after you tell the other people involved that you applied, in case they object.\n\nThe Court of Protection will then review your application and tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you need to set up a security bond before you can be appointed\n\n- you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services\n\n- it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to get more information, for example if someone objected\n\nThere\u2019s usually no hearing if you applied to be a property and financial affairs deputy.\n\nRead guidance on how coronavirus (COVID-19) might affect your hearing and what you should bring.\n\n## Tell the person you want to be a deputy for about the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a notice with the date of the hearing if the court decides to hold one. You must visit the person you want to be deputy for and tell them about it:\n\n- within 14 days of getting the notice\n\n- at least 14 days before the date of the hearing\n\nGive them a completed notice about proceedings (COP14). Use the guidance notes to fill it in.\n\nYou must explain that they can contact Court of Protection staff for advice and assistance.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve told them, send a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.\n\nThe guidance explains what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.\n\n## When you're appointed\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a \u2018court order\u2019 telling you what you can and cannot do as a deputy. When you have this, you can start acting on the person\u2019s behalf.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the court order:\n\n- as soon as you\u2019re appointed - if you\u2019re a personal welfare deputy\n\n- after you set up a security bond - if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and have been asked to do this by the court\n\nYou\u2019ll need a separate court order before you can:\n\n- sell a property that\u2019s jointly owned if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy\n\n- make a one-off decision on anything else that\u2019s not covered by the court order\n\nCheck the court order. If there are any mistakes, download and fill in form COP9 with the details and send it to the court within 21 days of receiving the court order. There is no fee.\n\n## Tell people and organisations you\u2019re a deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll get official copies of the court order to send to banks and building societies, for example. These prove you\u2019re acting on behalf of the other person. When you send out an official copy, ask for it to be returned.\n\nOrder extra copies of the court order by writing to the Court of Protection. They cost \u00a35 each.\n\n## Start managing a bank account\n\nBefore you can manage an account, you must show the bank:\n\n- the original court order, or an official copy of it\n\n- proof of your name, for example your passport or driving licence\n\n- proof of your address, for example a gas, electricity or council tax bill, or letter from a government department\n\n- proof of the name or address of the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for - if they\u2019re not the same as on the bank account\n\n## Court Funds Office accounts\n\nIf the person you\u2019re deputy for has money in a Court Funds Office account, you\u2019ll be sent information about how to access it.\n\nYou can also apply to open an account with the Court Funds Office if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and it\u2019s in the person\u2019s best interests.\n\n## Record your decisions and transactions\n\nYou can start your annual report to record your decisions and transactions, such as paying bills.\n\n## Supervision, support and visits\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019ll be supervised by the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG). They\u2019re authorised to contact you or visit you to check you\u2019re being an effective deputy. They can also give you advice and support.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be supervised\n\nNew deputies get a \u2018general\u2019 level of supervision for their first year.\n\nAfter that, if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy you\u2019ll move to \u2018minimal\u2019 supervision if both:\n\n- you\u2019re managing less than \u00a321,000\n\n- you no longer need a general level of supervision\n\nYou\u2019ll pay a lower fee and have to write a shorter annual report than deputies with general supervision.\n\n## Supervision visits\n\nYou may be visited by a Court of Protection visitor to check if you:\n\n- understand your duties\n\n- have the right level of support from OPG\n\n- are carrying out your duties properly\n\n- are being investigated because of a complaint\n\nThe visitor will call you to arrange the visit and explain why they\u2019re visiting.\n\n## Contact OPG\n\nTell OPG if you\u2019re planning to make an important decision, for example you want to sell the property of the person you\u2019re deputy for so they can move into a care home.\n\n## Accounts, gifts and expenses\n\nYou must keep accounts and follow the rules for gifts and expenses if you\u2019re acting as deputy for someone else. You must also record the transactions in your annual report.\n\n## Accounts\n\nAs a property and affairs deputy, you must keep copies of:\n\n- bank statements\n\n- contracts for services or tradespeople\n\n- receipts\n\n- letters and emails about your activities as a deputy\n\n## Gifts\n\nYour court order will say if you can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the other person, including donations to charities. It will also say if there\u2019s an annual limit on how much money you can use for gifts.\n\nGifts must be reasonable. You need to make sure any gifts do not reduce the level of care the person you\u2019re deputy for can afford.\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if you want to make a one-off large gift for Inheritance Tax purposes, for example.\n\n## Expenses\n\nYou can claim expenses for things you must do to carry out your role as deputy, for example phone calls, postage and travel costs. You cannot claim:\n\n- travel costs for social visits\n\n- for the time spent carrying out your duties (unless you\u2019re a professional deputy, for example a solicitor)\n\nYou may be asked to give a detailed report of what you spent. You\u2019ll have to pay the money back if the Office of the Public Guardian finds your expenses are unreasonable. They may ask the court to stop you being a deputy if they think you\u2019ve been dishonest.\n\n## Complete your deputy report\n\nYou must write a report each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made as a deputy. You might be asked to do this more often if the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) needs additional information.\n\nYou may also need to write a final report if you stop being a deputy.\n\nIf you\u2019re a public authority or professional deputy using the service for the first time, you need to contact your case manager to register first. If you\u2019re a deputy for a friend or family member, you can create an account online.\n\nStart now\n\nOr you can download and fill in a paper annual report form. The address you need to send it to is on the form.\n\n## What to include\n\nYour report must include:\n\n- the reasons for your decisions and why they were in the best interests of the person you\u2019re deputy for\n\n- who you spoke to and why what they said was in the person\u2019s best interests\n\n- the finances of the person if you\u2019re their property and financial deputy\n\nThe OPG will tell you when it\u2019s time to send it.\n\nIf you do not send the report the OPG might:\n\n- increase your level of supervision\n\n- ask the court to replace you with a different deputy\n\n## Change your deputyship or make a one-off decision\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if you have to:\n\n- renew your deputyship\n\n- change your deputyship, for example make decisions that are not in the original order\n\n- make a one-off decision on something not covered by your court order\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in both:\n\n- an application form (COP 1)\n\n- a witness statement form (COP24) with a copy of the current order appointing you as a deputy attached\n\nYour witness statement should include:\n\n- the total annual income of the person you\u2019re a deputy for including pensions\n\n- a summary of their assets, for example bank balances, savings, investments\n\n- details of property they own\n\n- the annual cost of their care and other regular items of major expenditure\n\n- the value of the security bond set by the court\n\n- a description of the circumstances that have led to the application being made\n\nSend the Court of Protection:\n\n- the completed forms\n\n- a cheque for the application fee - \u00a3365 - payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nYou can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nIf you need help with changing your deputyship, call the Court of Protection.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou may have to notify other people about the change to the court order if the court tells you to.\n\nThey can object or ask the court to reconsider any proposed changes they do not agree with. They can do this:\n\n- before the court order is issued\n\n- up to 21 days after the court order is issued\n\n## End your deputyship\n\nIf you no longer want or need to be a deputy, download and fill in the application notice (COP1) and send it to the Court of Protection.\n\nIf the person has recovered mental capacity, download and fill in form COP 9. Send it to the Court of Protection with any supporting evidence, for example a doctor\u2019s letter.\n\nYou cannot stop being a deputy until you\u2019ve got the relevant court order.\n\n## If the person you\u2019re deputy for dies\n\nContact the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and the Court of Protection to tell them that the person has died.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to send evidence to OPG that the person has died, for example a death certificate. Check the full list of evidence that OPG accepts.\n\nYour security bond will remain in force for 2 years after the death of the person you\u2019re a deputy for unless there\u2019s a court order cancelling it.\n\nContact the Court Funds Office if the person you were deputy for had an account with them.\n\nRead more about how to be a deputy.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-deputy", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother has 2 kids and my brother lost his partner in a accident and my brother also suffering from dementia and can't make decision on his own", + "original_question": "My brother's partners brother want to be my brother's deputy . Is this possible ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-183", + "question": "Scenario: I suffer from agoraphobia which severely affects my dad to day life. I have not left my home in over two years and rely on someone else to shop for me\n\nQuestion: As my illness is mental not physical, am I still eligible for PIP?\n\nDocument - Personal Independence Payment (PIP):\n## Overview\n\nPersonal Independence Payment (PIP) can help you with some of the extra costs if you have a long term physical or mental health condition or disability.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThe amount you get depends on how your condition affects you, not the condition itself. You\u2019ll be assessed by a health professional to work out the level of help you can get.\n\nYour carer could get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you have substantial caring needs.\n\n## If you get Disability Living Allowance (DLA)\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) is being replaced by PIP for most adults. You\u2019ll keep getting DLA if:\n\n- you\u2019re under 16\n\n- you were born on or before 8 April 1948\n\nIf you were born after 8 April 1948, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will invite you to apply for PIP. You do not need to do anything until DWP writes to you about your DLA unless your circumstances change.\n\n## Help with PIP\n\nYou can contact a local support organisation or Citizens Advice to get help understanding PIP.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) whether you\u2019re working or not.\n\nYou must be aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age to claim.\n\nYou must also have a physical or mental health condition or disability where you:\n\n- have had difficulties with daily living or getting around (or both) for 3 months\n\n- expect these difficulties to continue for at least 9 months\n\nYou usually need to have lived in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years, and be in one of these countries when you apply. If you\u2019ve recently returned from living in an EEA country, you might be able to get PIP sooner.\n\nFind out about PIP if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re terminally ill and a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live.\n\nYou cannot get PIP and Armed Forces Independence Payment at the same time.\n\n## Daily living difficulties\n\nYou may get the daily living part of PIP if you need help more than half of the time with things like:\n\n- preparing or eating food\n\n- washing, bathing and using the toilet\n\n- dressing and undressing\n\n- reading and communicating\n\n- managing your medicines or treatments\n\n- making decisions about money\n\n- engaging with other people\n\n## Mobility difficulties\n\nYou may get the mobility part of PIP if you need help going out or moving around.\n\n## How you\u2019re assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll be assessed by an independent healthcare professional to work out the level of help you need.\n\n## If you\u2019ve reached State Pension age\n\nYou can get PIP if you:\n\n- were already getting PIP before you reached State Pension age and your condition has not changed\n\n- have been claiming Disability Living Allowance (DLA) and you\u2019ve had a letter inviting you to apply for PIP\n\nYou may get PIP if you previously got it and you were still entitled to it within the last year.\n\nIf you cannot get PIP, you can apply for Attendance Allowance instead.\n\n## Living abroad\n\nYou might still be able to get PIP if you:\n\n- live in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland - you can only get help with daily living needs\n\n- are a member or family member of the Armed Forces\n\n## If you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou must:\n\n- normally live in or show that you intend to settle in the UK, Ireland, the Isle of Man or the Channel Islands\n\n- not be subject to immigration control (unless you\u2019re a sponsored immigrant)\n\nYou might still be able to get PIP if you are a refugee or have humanitarian protection status.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nPersonal Independence Payment (PIP) is made up of 2 parts - a daily living part and a mobility part. Whether you get one or both of these and how much you\u2019ll get depends on how severely your condition affects you.\n\nYou\u2019ll need an assessment to work out how much you\u2019ll get. Your rate will be regularly reviewed to make sure you\u2019re getting the right support.\n\nPIP is tax free. The amount you get is not affected by your income or savings.\n\nYou need to tell DWP straight away if there\u2019s a change in your personal circumstances or how your condition affects you.\n\n## Daily living part\n\nThe weekly rate for the daily living part of PIP is either \u00a360.00 or \u00a389.60.\n\n## Mobility part\n\nThe weekly rate for the mobility part of PIP is either \u00a323.70 or \u00a362.55.\n\n## Terminal illness\n\nYou\u2019ll get the higher daily living part if you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months. The rate of the mobility part depends on your needs.\n\n## How other benefits affect your PIP\n\nThe daily living part of your PIP will be reduced if you get any of the following benefits:\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance\n\n- War Pensioners\u2019 Mobility Supplement\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nPIP is usually paid every 4 weeks.\n\nYour decision letter will tell you:\n\n- the date of your first payment\n\n- what day of the week you\u2019ll usually be paid\n\nIf your payment date is on a bank holiday, you\u2019ll usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Other help\n\nYou or your carer might also qualify for other financial help, for example Carer\u2019s Allowance, or help with housing or transport costs.\n\nIf you get PIP and you work, you might also be able to get the disability element of Working Tax Credit (up to \u00a33,220 a year, or up to \u00a34,610 if your disability is severe). Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to find out.\n\n## How to claim\n\nCall the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to make a new Personal Independence Payment (PIP) claim.\n\nThere is a different way to claim if you\u2019re terminally ill.\n\nFind out how to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Claim by telephone or textphone\n\nBefore you call, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your contact details, for example telephone number\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your National Insurance number - this is on letters about tax, pensions and benefits\n\n- your bank or building society account number and sort code\n\n- your doctor or health worker\u2019s name, address and telephone number\n\n- dates and addresses for any time you\u2019ve spent in a care home or hospital\n\n- dates for any time you spent abroad for more than 4 weeks at a time, and the countries you visited\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask DWP to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\n## Claim by post\n\nYou can get a form to send information by post (although this can delay the decision on your claim). Write a letter to ask for the form.\n\n## What happens next\n\n- You\u2019ll be sent a \u2018How your disability affects you\u2019 form. Call the PIP enquiry line if you need it in an alternative format such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n- Fill in the form using the notes that come with it to help you. You can also read Citizens Advice\u2019s help on filling in the form.\n\n- Return the form to DWP - the address is on the form. You have 1 month to return the form. DWP will start processing your claim when they receive your form. Contact the PIP enquiry line if you need more time.\n\n- If more information is needed, an independent health professional will send a letter inviting you to an assessment. Assessments can be in person, over the phone or by video call. You\u2019ll be asked questions about your ability to carry out activities and how your condition affects your daily life. You can read Citizens Advice\u2019s help on preparing for an assessment.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter that tells you whether you\u2019ll get PIP. If you do, you\u2019ll be told how much you\u2019ll get, when you\u2019ll be paid and the date your PIP will be reviewed so that you continue to get the right support.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you\u2019ll only be invited to attend an assessment in person if more information is needed and you cannot do an assessment by phone or video call. Your invitation letter will explain how to attend your appointment safely.\n\nYou cannot apply using any Disability Living Allowance (DLA) forms you may have.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## If your PIP claim is reviewed\n\nThe letter you got when your Personal Independence Payment (PIP) was approved will tell you when your claim will end and if it will be reviewed.\n\nIf your claim is going to be reviewed, the letter will tell you when you\u2019ll be contacted about the review.\n\n## How PIP reviews work\n\nYou will continue to get PIP while your claim is being reviewed.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter asking you to fill in a form called \u2018Award review - how your disability affects you\u2019.\n\n- Fill in the form using the notes that come with it.\n\n- Send the form and any supporting information you have not shared with the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) before - the form explains what to include and where to send it. You\u2019ll need to return it within 1 month. Contact the PIP enquiry line if you need more time.\n\n- DWP will review your form. If they need more information, an independent health professional might phone you to ask some questions or send a letter inviting you to an assessment. Assessments can be in person, over the phone or by video call.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter that tells you what will happen with your PIP. If your needs have changed, your PIP might be increased, reduced or stopped.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you\u2019ll only be invited to an assessment in person if more information is needed and you cannot do an assessment by phone or video call. Your invitation letter will explain how to attend your appointment safely.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nYou must contact the Personal Independence Payment (PIP) enquiry line if:\n\n- your personal details change, for example your name, address or doctor\n\n- the help you need or your condition changes\n\n- your condition has worsened and you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months\n\n- you go into hospital or a care home\n\n- you go abroad\n\n- you\u2019re imprisoned or held in detention\n\n- your immigration status changes, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## How to report a change of circumstances\n\nContact the PIP enquiry line to report a change of circumstances.\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## Claiming PIP if you're terminally ill\n\nYou can get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) more quickly if you\u2019re terminally ill.\n\nYou can claim PIP if:\n\n- your doctor or a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live\n\n- you are aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim for yourself or someone else can do it for you.\n\nCall DWP to start your PIP claim. Ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500. They\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to DWP.\n\nYou will not need to go to a face-to-face consultation.\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask DWP to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\nYou may be able to get other benefits if you\u2019re terminally ill.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pip", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I suffer from agoraphobia which severely affects my dad to day life. I have not left my home in over two years and rely on someone else to shop for me", + "original_question": "As my illness is mental not physical, am I still eligible for PIP?" + }, + { + "id": "train-186", + "question": "Scenario: My partner earn less than \u00a350,000. I am employed and on a payroll and earn less than \u00a350000 but receiving a dividend\n\nQuestion: My pay and dividend when added together will be more than \u00a350,000. Will I be eligible to apply for child benefit ?\n\nDocument - Claim Child Benefit:\n## How it works\n\nYou get Child Benefit if you\u2019re responsible for bringing up a child who is:\n\n- under 16\n\n- under 20 if they stay in approved education or training\n\nOnly one person can get Child Benefit for a child.\n\nIt\u2019s paid every 4 weeks and there\u2019s no limit to how many children you can claim for.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nBy claiming Child Benefit:\n\n- you can get National Insurance credits which count towards your State Pension\n\n- your child will automatically get a National Insurance number when they\u2019re 16 years old\n\nIf you choose not to get Child Benefit payments, you should still fill in and send off the claim form.\n\n## If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000\n\nYou may have to pay back some of your Child Benefit in tax if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must report any change of circumstances to the Child Benefit Office.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere are 2 Child Benefit rates.\n\n| Who the allowance is for | Rate (weekly) |\n\n| Eldest or only child | \u00a321.15 |\n\n| Additional children | \u00a314 per child |\n\nYou must contact the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re paid too much or too little.\n\nThe benefit cap may affect the total amount of benefits you get, including Child Benefit.\n\n## How and when Child Benefit is paid\n\nChild Benefit is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Monday or Tuesday.\n\nYou can have the money paid weekly if you\u2019re a single parent or getting certain other benefits, such as Income Support.\n\nYou can get the money paid into any account, apart from a Nationwide cashbuilder account (sort code 070030) in someone else\u2019s name.\n\nYou can only get the money paid into one account.\n\n## Child Benefit and your State Pension\n\nIf your child is under 12 and you\u2019re not working or do not earn enough to pay National Insurance contributions, Child Benefit can give you National Insurance credits.\n\nThese credits count towards your State Pension, so you do not have gaps in your National Insurance record.\n\n## If families split up\n\nIf a family splits up, you get \u00a321.15 a week for the eldest child.\n\nIf you have 2 children and one stays with you and the other stays with your ex-partner, you\u2019ll both get \u00a321.15 a week for each child.\n\nIf you both claim for the same child, only one of you will get Child Benefit for them.\n\nIf you have other children who are entitled to Child Benefit, you\u2019ll get \u00a314 for each child.\n\n## If families join together\n\nIf 2 families join together, the eldest child in the new family qualifies for the \u00a321.15 rate and any other children who are eligible will get the \u00a314 rate.\n\n## If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000\n\nYou can get Child Benefit if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000, but you may be taxed on the benefit. This is known as the High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge.\n\nIf your partner\u2019s income is also over \u00a350,000 but yours is higher, you\u2019re responsible for paying the tax charge. You need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return each tax year and pay what you owe.\n\nUse the Child Benefit tax calculator to estimate how much tax you may have to pay.\n\nOnce you earn \u00a360,000 you lose all of your benefit through tax.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nOnly one person can get Child Benefit for a child.\n\nYou normally qualify for Child Benefit if you\u2019re responsible for a child under 16 (or under 20 if they stay in approved education or training) and you live in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be responsible for a child if you live with them or you\u2019re paying at least the same amount as Child Benefit (or the equivalent in kind) towards looking after them, for example on food, clothes or pocket money.\n\nEligibility rules are different if your child:\n\n- goes into hospital or care\n\n- lives with someone else\n\nChild Benefit continues for 20 weeks if 16 or 17 year olds leave education or training and register with the armed services or a government-sponsored careers service.\n\n## Fostering a child\n\nYou\u2019ll get Child Benefit if you foster a child, as long as the local council is not paying anything towards their accommodation or maintenance.\n\n## Adopting a child\n\nYou can apply for Child Benefit as soon as any child you\u2019re adopting comes to live with you - you do not have to wait until the adoption process is complete.\n\nYou might be able to get Child Benefit for a period before the adoption - contact the Child Benefit Office to find out.\n\n## Looking after someone else\u2019s child\n\nYou may be able to get Child Benefit if you\u2019ve got an informal arrangement to look after a friend or relative\u2019s child.\n\nYou might not qualify if your local council is paying towards the child\u2019s accommodation or maintenance - contact the Child Benefit Office to find out.\n\nTwo people cannot get Child Benefit for the same child - if you want to make a claim, you must agree it with the person who\u2019s currently claiming. HMRC will decide who receives the Child Benefit if you cannot agree.\n\nYou may also be entitled to Guardian\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re responsible for a child who has lost one or both of their parents.\n\n## Living abroad\n\nYou may be able to get Child Benefit if you go to live in certain countries or if you\u2019re a Crown servant.\n\n## If you\u2019ve moved to the UK\n\nYou may be able to get Child Benefit if you have moved to the UK and you have a \u2018right to reside\u2019.\n\n## If your child starts work or gets benefits in their own right\n\nYou\u2019ll stop receiving Child Benefit immediately if your child:\n\n- starts paid work for 24 hours or more a week and is no longer in approved education or training\n\n- starts an apprenticeship in England\n\n- starts getting certain benefits in their own right, such as Income Support, Employment and Support Allowance or tax credits\n\n## If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000\n\nYou\u2019ll still be eligible for Child Benefit even if you choose to stop receiving it. You can always change your mind and restart your payments.\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re not sure about your eligibility.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim Child Benefit as soon as you\u2019ve registered the birth of your child, or they come to live with you.\n\nIf you\u2019re not able to register the birth of your child because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you can still make a claim to receive Child Benefit.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt can take 6 to 12 weeks to process a new Child Benefit claim (or longer if you\u2019re new to the UK). Child Benefit can be backdated for up to 3 months.\n\n## Deciding who should claim\n\nOnly one person can get Child Benefit for a child, so you need to decide whether it\u2019s better for you or the other parent to claim. The person who claims will get National Insurance credits towards their state pension if they are not working or earn less than \u00a3184 per week.\n\n## Make a claim for the first time\n\nFill in Child Benefit claim form CH2 and send it to the Child Benefit Office. The address is on the form.\n\nIf your child is adopted, send their original adoption certificate with the form. You can order a new adoption certificate if you\u2019ve lost the original.\n\nIf you do not have the certificate you need, send your claim form now and send the certificate once you\u2019ve got it.\n\n## If your child\u2019s birth was registered outside the UK\n\nWhen you send your claim form, include your child\u2019s:\n\n- original birth certificate\n\n- passport or travel document used to enter the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost the original you can order a new birth certificate.\n\n## Add a child to an existing claim\n\nCall the child benefit helpline if:\n\n- your child is under 6 months old and lives with you\n\n- your child was born in the UK and their birth was registered in England, Scotland or Wales more than 24 hours ago\n\n- you\u2019re a UK, EEA or Swiss national and you\u2019ve lived in the UK since the start of your claim\n\nWhen you call, you\u2019ll need your:\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- child\u2019s birth certificate\n\n## If you do not meet the criteria to add a child by phone\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a new claim by post. Fill in Child Benefit form CH2 and send it to the Child Benefit Office. The address is on the form.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming for more than 2 children, also include the \u2018additional children\u2019 form.\n\n## Claiming Child Benefit for someone else\n\nYou may be able to manage someone else\u2019s Child Benefit claim.\n\n## Make a change to your claim\n\nYou must report any change of circumstances to the Child Benefit Office. These include changes to your:\n\n- family life, for example getting married\n\n- child\u2019s life, for example leaving education or training\n\n## Change who gets Child Benefit\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office if you want someone else to claim Child Benefit, for example, your spouse or partner.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve done this, tell the other person to make a new claim.\n\n## Stop or restart payments\n\nYou can choose to stop or restart your payments at any time, for example because you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000 a year. It does not affect your eligibility.\n\n## Get help with your claim\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office if you have any questions.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nYou can complain to the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re unhappy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner earn less than \u00a350,000. I am employed and on a payroll and earn less than \u00a350000 but receiving a dividend", + "original_question": "My pay and dividend when added together will be more than \u00a350,000. Will I be eligible to apply for child benefit ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-187", + "question": "Scenario: I am 38, and for the last 18 months have had to take time away from employment to care for my husband, who was badly injured whilst serving in the Army and receives Armed Forces Independence Payment. I receive Carer's Credit, but recently took a break of 30 days, during which caring duties were carried out by my sister-in-law.\n\nQuestion: Will my Carer's Credit cover this break period as well as my full-time caring?\n\nDocument - Carer's Credit:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re caring for someone for at least 20 hours a week.\n\nCarer\u2019s Credit is a National Insurance credit that helps with gaps in your National Insurance record. Your State Pension is based on your National Insurance record.\n\nYour income, savings or investments will not affect eligibility for Carer\u2019s Credit.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for Carer\u2019s Credit, you can get credits to help fill gaps in your National Insurance record.\n\nThis means you can take on caring responsibilities without affecting your ability to qualify for the State Pension.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get Carer\u2019s Credit you must be:\n\n- aged 16 or over\n\n- under State Pension age\n\n- looking after one or more people for at least 20 hours a week\n\nThe person you\u2019re looking after must get one of the following:\n\n- Disability Living Allowance care component at the middle or highest rate\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance\n\n- Personal Independence Payment - daily living component, at the standard or enhanced rate\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\nIf the person you\u2019re caring for does not get one of these benefits, you may still be able to get Carer\u2019s Credit. When you apply, fill in the \u2018Care Certificate\u2019 part of the application form and get a health or social care professional to sign it.\n\nCarers who do not qualify for Carer\u2019s Allowance may qualify for Carer\u2019s Credit.\n\n## Breaks in caring and eligibility\n\nYou can still get Carer\u2019s Credit even if you have breaks from caring (up to 12 weeks in a row).\n\nFor example, you\u2019ll still get Carer\u2019s Credit for 12 weeks if:\n\n- you take a short holiday\n\n- someone you look after goes into hospital\n\n- you go into hospital\n\nKeep the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit updated if you have a break in caring of more than 12 weeks in a row.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou do not need to apply for Carer\u2019s Credit if you:\n\n- get Carer\u2019s Allowance - you\u2019ll automatically get credits\n\n- get Child Benefit for a child under the age of 12 - you\u2019ll automatically get credits\n\n- are a foster carer - you can apply for National Insurance credits instead\n\n## Apply using a form\n\nDownload the Carer\u2019s Credit claim form.\n\nThe form includes a Care Certificate - ask a health or social care professional to sign it for you.\n\nYou can also get the form by calling the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## Where to send your form\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-credit", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 38, and for the last 18 months have had to take time away from employment to care for my husband, who was badly injured whilst serving in the Army and receives Armed Forces Independence Payment. I receive Carer's Credit, but recently took a break of 30 days, during which caring duties were carried out by my sister-in-law.", + "original_question": "Will my Carer's Credit cover this break period as well as my full-time caring?" + }, + { + "id": "train-188", + "question": "Scenario: I am 34, live in Scotland and am currently studying for a law degree as a mature student, with funding through student finance (via SAAS). I have a 7 year old son and 4 year old daughter\n\nQuestion: Can I claim the Parents' Learning Allowance?\n\nDocument - Parents' Learning Allowance:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be eligible for help with your learning costs if you\u2019re a full-time student with children. This is called Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\nThe allowance:\n\n- does not have to be paid back\n\n- is paid on top of your other student finance\n\n- will not affect your benefits or tax credit\n\n## What you'll get\n\nDepending on your household income, in the 2021 to 2022 academic year you could get between \u00a350 and \u00a31,821 a year.\n\nIt\u2019s usually paid in 3 instalments direct to your bank account, one at the start of each term.\n\nParents\u2019 Learning Allowance is paid on top of your other student finance and does not have to be paid back.\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nFull-time students could get up to \u00a31,766 a year.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nIf you\u2019re a student from England with dependent children you may qualify if you\u2019re taking:\n\n- a full-time undergraduate course\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training (ITT) course\n\nYou do not need to be paying for childcare to qualify.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for the Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance when you apply for student finance.\n\n## After you apply\n\nAfter you apply you\u2019ll get a letter telling you how much you can get.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parents-learning-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 34, live in Scotland and am currently studying for a law degree as a mature student, with funding through student finance (via SAAS). I have a 7 year old son and 4 year old daughter", + "original_question": "Can I claim the Parents' Learning Allowance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-190", + "question": "Scenario: I have been classed as vulnerable during the pandemic and this has meant I have had to self-isolate for the past 14 months and I have been unable to work during this time.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to claim the full amount of Employment and Support Allowance?\n\nDocument - Employment and Support Allowance (ESA):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.\n\nYou may also be able to get ESA if you were unable to work while self-isolating or \u2018shielding\u2019 because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nESA gives you:\n\n- money to help with living costs if you\u2019re unable to work\n\n- support to get back into work if you\u2019re able to\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re employed, self-employed or unemployed.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you\u2019re under State Pension age and you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.\n\nYou also need to have both:\n\n- worked as an employee or have been self-employed\n\n- paid enough National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years - National Insurance credits also count\n\nCheck your National Insurance record for gaps.\n\nYou could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. Universal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs.\n\nYou cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you:\n\n- claim Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- claim Statutory Sick Pay\n\n## If your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is due to end\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends. You\u2019ll start getting \u2018new style\u2019 ESA as soon as your SSP ends.\n\n## If you\u2019re working\n\nYou can apply whether you\u2019re in or out of work. There are conditions to working while claiming ESA.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re unable to claim Statutory Sick Pay and one of the following applies:\n\n- you or your child might have COVID-19 or you\u2019re recovering from it\n\n- you or your child are self-isolating because you came into contact with someone who might have COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- you were advised to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19\n\nShielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming ESA because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll need to give evidence to support your claim.\n\n## Proof if you\u2019re self-isolating because of COVID-19\n\nIf you or your child are self-isolating and you cannot work because of COVID-19, you can get an \u2018isolation note\u2019 online from NHS 111 if you\u2019ve been off work for 7 or more days. You do not have to go to your doctor or a hospital.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, your notification is proof.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery, your letter confirming the date of your procedure is proof.\n\n## Proof if you were advised to shield because of COVID-19\n\nYour doctor or health authority should have sent you a letter advising you or your child to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19.\n\nThe letter will have included the period to shield for. It is proof of your eligibility for ESA for days away from work in that period.\n\nYou may have more than one letter covering more than one shielding period.\n\nContact your doctor if you do not have a letter but think you should have one.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get will depend on what stage your application is at, as well as things like your age and whether you\u2019re able to get back into work.\n\nIf you get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019ll earn Class 1 National Insurance credits, which can help towards your State Pension and some benefits in the future.\n\n## What might affect how much you get paid\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\nNeither your or your partner\u2019s savings or income will affect how much \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019re paid. But a private pension worth more than \u00a385 per week may affect how much you can get.\n\nIf you get income-related ESA, your household income and savings worth \u00a36,000 or more may affect how much you can get.\n\n## While your claim is being assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 for 13 weeks while your claim is being assessed.\n\nThis will be:\n\n- up to \u00a359.20 a week if you\u2019re aged under 25\n\n- up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re aged 25 or over\n\nIf it takes longer than 13 weeks to assess your claim, you\u2019ll continue getting the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until you get a decision or until your ESA is due to end. Your ESA will be backdated if you\u2019re owed any money after 13 weeks.\n\n## After you\u2019re assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll be placed into one of 2 groups if you\u2019re entitled to ESA. If you\u2019re able to get back into work in the future, you\u2019ll be put into the work-related activity group. Otherwise, you\u2019ll be put into the support group.\n\nYou\u2019ll get:\n\n- up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group\n\n- up to \u00a3114.10 a week if you\u2019re in the support group\n\n## If you\u2019re in the support group\n\nIf you\u2019re in the support group and on income-related ESA, you\u2019re also entitled to the enhanced disability premium.\n\nYou may also qualify for the severe disability premium.\n\nFind out how to apply for a disability premium.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYou\u2019ll get paid ESA every 2 weeks.\n\nAll benefits are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Other benefits you can claim\n\nUniversal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs. You could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to find out what other benefits you could get, for example Personal Independence Payment (PIP) if you have a long-term health condition or disability.\n\nThe benefit cap may affect the total amount of benefit you can get. The cap will not affect you if you\u2019re in the support group.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving to Universal Credit from income-related ESA\n\nIf your income-related ESA claim is ending because you\u2019re making a new claim for Universal Credit, you\u2019ll automatically continue to get the amount of ESA you currently receive, as long as you\u2019re still eligible. You\u2019ll normally get this for 2 weeks, starting from the date of your new claim.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you telling you how this works.\n\nYou do not need to pay this money back, and it will not affect the amount of Universal Credit you get.\n\n## Budgeting Loan\n\nYou can apply for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on income-related ESA for at least 6 months.\n\n## Advice on money and debt\n\nYou can get help and advice from your Jobcentre Plus work coach or:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Money Advice Service\n\n- National Debtline\n\n- Shelter\n\n- Turn2us\n\n## Working while you claim\n\nYou can usually work while you are claiming ESA if both of the following apply:\n\n- you work less than 16 hours a week\n\n- you do not earn more than \u00a3143 a week\n\nTell Jobcentre Plus about your work when you make a claim.\n\nSend this form to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re already claiming ESA and you want to start work.\n\n## When you can work 16 hours or more a week\n\nYou can work more than 16 hours a week if the work is either voluntary or \u2018supported permitted work\u2019.\n\n## Supported permitted work\n\nThe work must be either:\n\n- supervised by someone from a local council or voluntary organisation who arranges work for disabled people\n\n- part of a treatment programme under medical supervision\n\nYou can still earn no more than \u00a3143 a week.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. \nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to apply in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you need to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- your bank or building society account number and sort code (you can use a friend or family member\u2019s account if you do not have one)\n\n- your doctor\u2019s name, address and telephone number\n\n- details of your income if you\u2019re working\n\n- the date your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) ends if you\u2019re claiming it\n\nYou cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re getting Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) from an employer. You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll also need:\n\n- an \u2018isolation note\u2019 if you\u2019re unable to work because of COVID-19\n\n- your notification from the NHS or public health authorities if you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate because you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- a letter confirming the date of your procedure if you\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- a letter from your doctor or a health authority advising you or your child to shield (take extra precautions to reduce contact with others) because you\u2019re at very high risk of severe illness from COVID-19\n\nShielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll be contacted by phone and told when to give the evidence and where to send it.\n\nApply now\n\n## When you can apply by phone\n\nCall the Universal Credit helpline if:\n\n- you cannot make an application online\n\n- you\u2019re an appointee for someone\n\n## After you apply\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will contact you within 10 working days of applying.\n\n## If you\u2019re eligible\n\nDWP will contact you within 10 working days to schedule an appointment that you must attend. It will normally be over the phone with a work coach from your local Jobcentre Plus office.\n\nYour work coach will explain what you need to do to get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. They will create an agreement with you called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019.\n\nYou must agree to your Claimant Commitment before you can get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.\n\nAt the appointment, you\u2019ll be asked to:\n\n- explain how your illness or disability affects your ability to work\n\n- provide medical evidence\n\n- agree to tell your local Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nDWP will send you a letter within 10 working days of applying to explain why you\u2019re not eligible for ESA.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## Reapplying for ESA\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\nYou may be able to reapply after your \u2018new style\u2019 ESA ends. You may qualify again depending on:\n\n- what National Insurance contributions you paid in the last 2 full tax years before the tax year you\u2019re claiming in\n\n- whether you\u2019re placed in the support group because you developed a new condition or your health deteriorated\n\n## Your ESA claim\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made your claim, you\u2019ll be told if you need to have a \u2018Work Capability Assessment\u2019 and what group you\u2019ll be put in.\n\n## Work Capability Assessment\n\nA Work Capability Assessment is used to find out if your illness or disability affects how much you can work.\n\nYou might not need one, for example if you\u2019re in hospital or you have a terminal illness.\n\nIf you need a Work Capability Assessment you\u2019ll get a letter telling you to fill in the \u2018Capability for work questionnaire\u2019 and send it to the Health Assessment Advisory Service. The address is on the form. The questionnaire is different in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what happens next, for example if you need an appointment to understand your health condition better.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming both Universal Credit and \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you\u2019ll only have one Work Capability Assessment.\n\nYou can ask for your assessment to be recorded. If you would like this, tell the Health Assessment Advisory Service using the contact details in your appointment invite letter.\n\n## How the assessment happens\n\nAssessments can be in person, by video call or on the phone. You\u2019ll be told how your assessment will take place.\n\nIf you\u2019re asked to attend in person you\u2019ll be told how to do this safely because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can bring one adult from your household with you.\n\nIf your assessment is by phone or video call, you can have someone else with you, for example a friend or support worker. You can ask the assessor to call them if they\u2019re not with you when the assessment starts.\n\nYou\u2019ll stay on the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until a decision can be made on your Work Capability Assessment.\n\n## After your claim is assessed\n\nIf you\u2019re entitled to ESA you\u2019ll be placed in one of 2 groups:\n\n- a work-related activity group (you cannot work now, but can prepare to work in the future, for example by writing a CV)\n\n- a support group (you cannot work now and you\u2019re not expected to prepare for work in the future)\n\n## If you\u2019re in the work-related activity group\n\nYou must attend regular interviews with a work coach. They can help you improve your skills or write a CV to help you get back into work.\n\n## If you\u2019re in the support group\n\nYou\u2019re usually in this group if your illness or disability severely limits what you can do. You do not have to go to interviews. You can tell your work coach if you\u2019d like to take part in work-related activities.\n\n## How long you\u2019ll get ESA for\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\n\u2018New style\u2019 and contribution-based ESA last for 365 days if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group.\n\nThere\u2019s no time limit if you\u2019re in the support group, or if you\u2019re getting income-related ESA.\n\nTo keep getting ESA you must report any change in your circumstances. You may also need to send fit notes regularly.\n\n## If you get a sanction\n\nYour ESA can be reduced if you do not attend interviews or do work-related activity as agreed with your work coach in your \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019. This reduction can continue for up to 4 weeks after you restart work-related activities.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter to say you may be sanctioned. Tell your work coach if you have a good reason for not doing what was agreed in your Claimant Commitment.\n\nYou\u2019ll get another letter if the decision is made to give you a sanction. Your benefit will only be affected once a decision has been made.\n\nYou should contact your local council immediately if you claim Housing Benefit or Council Tax Reduction. They\u2019ll tell you what to do to continue getting support.\n\nIf you get a sanction you can:\n\n- ask for the decision to be looked at again\n\n- ask for a hardship payment\n\nYou will not get a sanction if you\u2019re in the support group.\n\n## Hardship payments\n\nIf you get income-related ESA, you may be able to get a hardship payment if your benefit has been reduced because of a sanction or a penalty due to suspected benefit fraud.\n\nA hardship payment is a reduced amount of your ESA. You do not have to pay it back.\n\nYou can get a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or other basic needs for you or your family. You must be 18 or over.\n\nSpeak to your Jobcentre Plus adviser or work coach to find out how to claim a hardship payment.\n\n## Report a change of circumstances\n\nYou need to report changes to your circumstances so you keep getting the right amount of Employment and Support Allowance (ESA).\n\nYour claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change straight away.\n\nA change of circumstance can include:\n\n- starting or stopping work, education, training or an apprenticeship\n\n- moving house\n\n- changing your name\n\n- people moving into or out of the place you live (for example your partner or a child)\n\n- changes to the benefits you or anyone else in your house gets\n\n- changes to your pension, savings, investments or property\n\n- changes to other money you get (for example student loans or grants, sick pay or money you get from a charity)\n\n- changing your doctor\n\n- any changes to your medical condition or disability\n\n- going into hospital or a care home or sheltered accommodation\n\n- going abroad for any length of time\n\n- changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nCall Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not sure whether you need to report a change.\n\nYou may be prosecuted or have to pay a \u00a350 penalty if you give wrong or incomplete information.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nIf you give wrong or incomplete information or do not report a change straight away, you might be paid too much. If you are, you might have to\u00a0pay some of the money back.\n\n## How to report\n\nYou can report a change of circumstances by:\n\n- calling Jobcentre Plus\n\n- writing to the Jobcentre Plus office that pays your ESA - the address is on the letters you get about your ESA\n\nIf you get Universal Credit at the same time as \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you must also report the changes of circumstances in your Universal Credit account.\n\n## British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service\n\nWatch a video to check you can use the service\n\nGo to the video relay service\n\nMonday to Friday, 8am to 6pm.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland contact the ESA Centre.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been classed as vulnerable during the pandemic and this has meant I have had to self-isolate for the past 14 months and I have been unable to work during this time.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to claim the full amount of Employment and Support Allowance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-191", + "question": "Scenario: I'm 56, and have worked in construction since leaving school in the early 1980s. I have now been diagnosed with mesothelioma, which I believe to be the result of improper asbestos exposure in my first job in 1983-85. This has seriously reduced my ability to work.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim Reduced Earnings Allowance?\n\nDocument - Reduced Earnings Allowance:\n## Overview\n\nIf you cannot earn as much as you used to because of an accident or disease caused by your work, you could get up to \u00a373.16 per week Reduced Earnings Allowance.\n\nYou can only get it for accidents that happened, or diseases that started, before 1 October 1990.\n\nYou may also be able to get Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB).\n\n## Effect on other benefits\n\nReduced Earnings Allowance could affect any income-related benefits that you or your partner get.\n\nContact the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre for details.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou could get up to \u00a373.16 per week.\n\nWhat you get depends on how much you earn in your regular employment.\n\nAsk the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre about how much you can get.\n\nReduced Earnings Allowance will be replaced by another benefit called Retirement Allowance if both the following apply:\n\n- you reach State Pension age\n\n- you\u2019re not in regular employment\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou could get Reduced Earnings Allowance if you have an illness or disability caused by a work-related accident or disease that happened before 1 October 1990.\n\nYou must also meet all of the following criteria:\n\n- your level of disability is assessed to be at least 1%\n\n- you cannot return to your regular occupation\n\n- you cannot do other work with the same level of earnings as your regular occupation\n\n## Going abroad\n\nIf you leave the UK to live abroad permanently, you may not be able to get Reduced Earnings Allowance.\n\nCheck if you can get benefits if you move to the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland.\n\nFor temporary visits to countries outside the EEA, you can usually claim for the first 3 months of your stay.\n\nThis can be longer in special circumstances - check with the International Pensions Centre to see if you qualify.\n\n## Your circumstances change\n\nTell the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre straight away if your circumstances change, for example:\n\n- you stop or start work\n\n- you change your occupation\n\n- your earnings change\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou\u2019ll need to fill in and post a claim form.\n\nContact the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre to get a form.\n\nThe form comes with notes that will:\n\n- help you fill it in\n\n- tell you where to send it\n\nClaim straight away or you might lose benefit.\n\n## Contact the Barnsley IIDB centre\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reduced-earnings-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I'm 56, and have worked in construction since leaving school in the early 1980s. I have now been diagnosed with mesothelioma, which I believe to be the result of improper asbestos exposure in my first job in 1983-85. This has seriously reduced my ability to work.", + "original_question": "Can I claim Reduced Earnings Allowance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-192", + "question": "Scenario: I am 53, a UK Citizen and have lived in the UK my whole adult life. I was diagnosed with Huntington's Disease just over 14 years ago, the progression of which has steadily reduced my motor skills to the point where I am already claiming PIP at the lower daily rate. My doctor now believes that I am entering the terminal phase of the illness, and have only a few months to live.\n\nQuestion: Am I now eligible for the higher daily rate of PIP?\n\nDocument - Personal Independence Payment (PIP):\n## Overview\n\nPersonal Independence Payment (PIP) can help you with some of the extra costs if you have a long term physical or mental health condition or disability.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThe amount you get depends on how your condition affects you, not the condition itself. You\u2019ll be assessed by a health professional to work out the level of help you can get.\n\nYour carer could get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you have substantial caring needs.\n\n## If you get Disability Living Allowance (DLA)\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) is being replaced by PIP for most adults. You\u2019ll keep getting DLA if:\n\n- you\u2019re under 16\n\n- you were born on or before 8 April 1948\n\nIf you were born after 8 April 1948, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will invite you to apply for PIP. You do not need to do anything until DWP writes to you about your DLA unless your circumstances change.\n\n## Help with PIP\n\nYou can contact a local support organisation or Citizens Advice to get help understanding PIP.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) whether you\u2019re working or not.\n\nYou must be aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age to claim.\n\nYou must also have a physical or mental health condition or disability where you:\n\n- have had difficulties with daily living or getting around (or both) for 3 months\n\n- expect these difficulties to continue for at least 9 months\n\nYou usually need to have lived in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years, and be in one of these countries when you apply. If you\u2019ve recently returned from living in an EEA country, you might be able to get PIP sooner.\n\nFind out about PIP if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re terminally ill and a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live.\n\nYou cannot get PIP and Armed Forces Independence Payment at the same time.\n\n## Daily living difficulties\n\nYou may get the daily living part of PIP if you need help more than half of the time with things like:\n\n- preparing or eating food\n\n- washing, bathing and using the toilet\n\n- dressing and undressing\n\n- reading and communicating\n\n- managing your medicines or treatments\n\n- making decisions about money\n\n- engaging with other people\n\n## Mobility difficulties\n\nYou may get the mobility part of PIP if you need help going out or moving around.\n\n## How you\u2019re assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll be assessed by an independent healthcare professional to work out the level of help you need.\n\n## If you\u2019ve reached State Pension age\n\nYou can get PIP if you:\n\n- were already getting PIP before you reached State Pension age and your condition has not changed\n\n- have been claiming Disability Living Allowance (DLA) and you\u2019ve had a letter inviting you to apply for PIP\n\nYou may get PIP if you previously got it and you were still entitled to it within the last year.\n\nIf you cannot get PIP, you can apply for Attendance Allowance instead.\n\n## Living abroad\n\nYou might still be able to get PIP if you:\n\n- live in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland - you can only get help with daily living needs\n\n- are a member or family member of the Armed Forces\n\n## If you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou must:\n\n- normally live in or show that you intend to settle in the UK, Ireland, the Isle of Man or the Channel Islands\n\n- not be subject to immigration control (unless you\u2019re a sponsored immigrant)\n\nYou might still be able to get PIP if you are a refugee or have humanitarian protection status.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nPersonal Independence Payment (PIP) is made up of 2 parts - a daily living part and a mobility part. Whether you get one or both of these and how much you\u2019ll get depends on how severely your condition affects you.\n\nYou\u2019ll need an assessment to work out how much you\u2019ll get. Your rate will be regularly reviewed to make sure you\u2019re getting the right support.\n\nPIP is tax free. The amount you get is not affected by your income or savings.\n\nYou need to tell DWP straight away if there\u2019s a change in your personal circumstances or how your condition affects you.\n\n## Daily living part\n\nThe weekly rate for the daily living part of PIP is either \u00a360.00 or \u00a389.60.\n\n## Mobility part\n\nThe weekly rate for the mobility part of PIP is either \u00a323.70 or \u00a362.55.\n\n## Terminal illness\n\nYou\u2019ll get the higher daily living part if you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months. The rate of the mobility part depends on your needs.\n\n## How other benefits affect your PIP\n\nThe daily living part of your PIP will be reduced if you get any of the following benefits:\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance\n\n- War Pensioners\u2019 Mobility Supplement\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nPIP is usually paid every 4 weeks.\n\nYour decision letter will tell you:\n\n- the date of your first payment\n\n- what day of the week you\u2019ll usually be paid\n\nIf your payment date is on a bank holiday, you\u2019ll usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Other help\n\nYou or your carer might also qualify for other financial help, for example Carer\u2019s Allowance, or help with housing or transport costs.\n\nIf you get PIP and you work, you might also be able to get the disability element of Working Tax Credit (up to \u00a33,220 a year, or up to \u00a34,610 if your disability is severe). Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to find out.\n\n## How to claim\n\nCall the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to make a new Personal Independence Payment (PIP) claim.\n\nThere is a different way to claim if you\u2019re terminally ill.\n\nFind out how to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Claim by telephone or textphone\n\nBefore you call, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your contact details, for example telephone number\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your National Insurance number - this is on letters about tax, pensions and benefits\n\n- your bank or building society account number and sort code\n\n- your doctor or health worker\u2019s name, address and telephone number\n\n- dates and addresses for any time you\u2019ve spent in a care home or hospital\n\n- dates for any time you spent abroad for more than 4 weeks at a time, and the countries you visited\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask DWP to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\n## Claim by post\n\nYou can get a form to send information by post (although this can delay the decision on your claim). Write a letter to ask for the form.\n\n## What happens next\n\n- You\u2019ll be sent a \u2018How your disability affects you\u2019 form. Call the PIP enquiry line if you need it in an alternative format such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n- Fill in the form using the notes that come with it to help you. You can also read Citizens Advice\u2019s help on filling in the form.\n\n- Return the form to DWP - the address is on the form. You have 1 month to return the form. DWP will start processing your claim when they receive your form. Contact the PIP enquiry line if you need more time.\n\n- If more information is needed, an independent health professional will send a letter inviting you to an assessment. Assessments can be in person, over the phone or by video call. You\u2019ll be asked questions about your ability to carry out activities and how your condition affects your daily life. You can read Citizens Advice\u2019s help on preparing for an assessment.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter that tells you whether you\u2019ll get PIP. If you do, you\u2019ll be told how much you\u2019ll get, when you\u2019ll be paid and the date your PIP will be reviewed so that you continue to get the right support.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you\u2019ll only be invited to attend an assessment in person if more information is needed and you cannot do an assessment by phone or video call. Your invitation letter will explain how to attend your appointment safely.\n\nYou cannot apply using any Disability Living Allowance (DLA) forms you may have.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## If your PIP claim is reviewed\n\nThe letter you got when your Personal Independence Payment (PIP) was approved will tell you when your claim will end and if it will be reviewed.\n\nIf your claim is going to be reviewed, the letter will tell you when you\u2019ll be contacted about the review.\n\n## How PIP reviews work\n\nYou will continue to get PIP while your claim is being reviewed.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter asking you to fill in a form called \u2018Award review - how your disability affects you\u2019.\n\n- Fill in the form using the notes that come with it.\n\n- Send the form and any supporting information you have not shared with the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) before - the form explains what to include and where to send it. You\u2019ll need to return it within 1 month. Contact the PIP enquiry line if you need more time.\n\n- DWP will review your form. If they need more information, an independent health professional might phone you to ask some questions or send a letter inviting you to an assessment. Assessments can be in person, over the phone or by video call.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter that tells you what will happen with your PIP. If your needs have changed, your PIP might be increased, reduced or stopped.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you\u2019ll only be invited to an assessment in person if more information is needed and you cannot do an assessment by phone or video call. Your invitation letter will explain how to attend your appointment safely.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nYou must contact the Personal Independence Payment (PIP) enquiry line if:\n\n- your personal details change, for example your name, address or doctor\n\n- the help you need or your condition changes\n\n- your condition has worsened and you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months\n\n- you go into hospital or a care home\n\n- you go abroad\n\n- you\u2019re imprisoned or held in detention\n\n- your immigration status changes, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## How to report a change of circumstances\n\nContact the PIP enquiry line to report a change of circumstances.\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## Claiming PIP if you're terminally ill\n\nYou can get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) more quickly if you\u2019re terminally ill.\n\nYou can claim PIP if:\n\n- your doctor or a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live\n\n- you are aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim for yourself or someone else can do it for you.\n\nCall DWP to start your PIP claim. Ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500. They\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to DWP.\n\nYou will not need to go to a face-to-face consultation.\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask DWP to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\nYou may be able to get other benefits if you\u2019re terminally ill.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pip", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 53, a UK Citizen and have lived in the UK my whole adult life. I was diagnosed with Huntington's Disease just over 14 years ago, the progression of which has steadily reduced my motor skills to the point where I am already claiming PIP at the lower daily rate. My doctor now believes that I am entering the terminal phase of the illness, and have only a few months to live.", + "original_question": "Am I now eligible for the higher daily rate of PIP?" + }, + { + "id": "train-194", + "question": "Scenario: My partner and i have separated after 20 years of marriage but we can\u2019t agree on how to split up our shared properties and assets.Efforts to make a binding agreement have been futile.\n\nQuestion: Can i apply for a court financial order?\n\nDocument - Money and property when you divorce or separate:\n## Getting a financial agreement\n\nWhen you divorce or end a civil partnership you and your ex-partner need to agree how to separate your finances.\n\nThis includes deciding how you\u2019re going to divide:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nYou might get things like:\n\n- a share of your your partner\u2019s pension - including State Pension or private pension plans\n\n- regular maintenance payments to help with children or living expenses\n\nYou can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree how to split your money and property.\n\nThe rules are different if you were not married or in a civil partnership. You\u2019ll still have to agree on child maintenance payments for any children.\n\nWhat you can do is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Making an agreement legally binding\n\nIf you and your ex-partner agree on how to divide money and property, you need to apply for a consent order to make it legally binding.\n\n## Get help agreeing\n\nYou can use a mediator or get other help to resolve issues out of court.\n\n## Get the court to decide\n\nIf you cannot agree on everything, you can ask a court to make a financial order.\n\n## If you agree\n\nIt\u2019s usually more straightforward and less expensive if you agree how to divide your money and property. Get help agreeing.\n\n## Making your agreement legally binding\n\nTo make your agreement legally binding you need to draft a consent order and ask a court to approve it.\n\nIf your agreement is not legally binding, a court cannot enforce it if there are any issues later.\n\nA consent order is a legal document that confirms your agreement. It explains how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nIt can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.\n\nYou can get legal advice or ask a solicitor to draft a consent order for you.\n\n## When to apply for a consent order\n\nYou can ask the court to approve your consent order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.\n\nIt is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.\n\nThe final legal document is the:\n\n- decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing\n\n- final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership\n\nYou can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended. This may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.\n\n## How to ask the court for approval\n\nYou and your ex-partner have to:\n\n- draft a consent order\n\n- sign the draft consent order - you also need 2 photocopies of the signed original\n\n- fill in a statement of information form\n\nOne of you also needs to fill in a notice of an application for a financial order.\n\nIf you\u2019re ending a civil partnership or legally separating, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to the court dealing with your paperwork. Keep your own copies.\n\nIf you\u2019re divorcing, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to:\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\nThere\u2019s usually no court hearing. A judge will approve your consent order to make it legally binding if they think it\u2019s fair.\n\nIf they do not think it\u2019s fair, they can ask you to change it.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe court fee is \u00a350.\n\nSolicitor fees vary depending on their experience and location. They usually charge per hour.\n\n## Get help agreeing\n\nA mediator can help you and your ex-partner agree on how to split money and property, without taking sides.\n\nMediation is not relationship counselling. It can help you agree on how you\u2019ll divide your assets, including:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nMediation can be quicker and cheaper than asking a court to decide for you.\n\nYou need to attend a mediation information assessment meeting (MIAM) before you start mediation.\n\nFind a local mediator.\n\nThe mediator can decide mediation is not right for you (for example, if there\u2019s been domestic abuse and you need to go to court instead).\n\n## How much it costs\n\nA MIAM is usually about \u00a330. If you need more mediation sessions they cost more and fees vary depending on where you live.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid for mediation.\n\n## Making your agreement legally binding\n\nAt the end of mediation you\u2019ll get a document showing what you agreed. This agreement is not legally binding.\n\nIf you want a legally binding agreement you need to draft a consent order and get a court to approve it. The consent order can be based on what you agreed in mediation.\n\n## If you need more help agreeing\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask a legal adviser about other ways to resolve issues out of court (such as family arbitration or collaborative law)\n\n- get information and advice from Citizens Advice\n\n- read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced\n\n- work out your finances with a divorce and separation calculator\n\n## If you do not agree on everything\n\nYou can ask a court to decide on anything you have not agreed on.\n\n## Get the court to decide\n\nIf you and your ex-partner cannot agree how to divide your finances you can ask a court to make a financial order (also known as the \u2018contested\u2019 route or an \u2018ancillary relief order\u2019).\n\nThis means the court will decide how assets will be split. Getting the court to decide usually takes longer and is more expensive than if you and your ex-partner agree.\n\nYou must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).\n\nA financial order will describe how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nIt can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.\n\n## When to apply for a financial order\n\nYou can ask a court to make a financial order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.\n\nIt is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.\n\nThe final legal document is the:\n\n- decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing\n\n- final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership\n\nYou can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended but it may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to apply for a financial order.\n\nSend 2 copies of the form to the court dealing with paperwork in your area to divorce or end your civil partnership. Keep a copy for yourself.\n\nYou can hire a solicitor to help you apply for a financial order from the court.\n\n## After you apply\n\nThere are three stages:\n\n- the first appointment - a short hearing with the judge to discuss your application\n\n- financial dispute resolution (FDR) appointment - to help you agree without needing a final hearing (you might need more than one appointment)\n\n- final hearing - if you\u2019re not able to agree, this is when a judge will decide how you must separate your finances\n\nThe court will send you and your ex-partner details when the first appointment will be. This is usually 12 to 14 weeks after you apply.\n\n## Before the first appointment\n\nYou and your ex-partner need to fill in a financial statement for a financial order (Form E) to show a breakdown of your property and debts. This includes giving an estimate of your future living costs.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to collect documents about your finances, for example:\n\n- rental or mortgage agreements\n\n- pension documents\n\n- loan agreements\n\n- proof of your salary income, for example P60 or recent pay slips\n\n- details of personal belongings worth more than \u00a3500, for example a car or house contents\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt depends on:\n\n- how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need\n\n- if you need a final hearing\n\nThere can be several months between the appointments.\n\n## How the court decides\n\nIf you cannot agree, a judge will decide how assets will be split. They\u2019ll base their decision on how long you\u2019ve been married or in a civil partnership, as well as your:\n\n- age\n\n- ability to earn\n\n- property and money\n\n- living expenses\n\n- standard of living\n\n- financial needs and responsibilities\n\n- role in looking after the family, for example if you were the main earner or caring for the family or home\n\n- disability or health condition, if you have any\n\nThe judge will decide on the fairest way to divide the assets if there\u2019s enough to meet everyone\u2019s needs. They will make arrangements for any children first - especially their housing arrangements and child maintenance. The reason for the divorce or dissolution is not taken into account.\n\nThe judge will usually try to arrange a \u2018clean break\u2019, so everything is shared out, and you no longer have any financial ties to one another.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe court fee is \u00a3255.\n\nSolicitor fees vary depending on their experience and where you live. They usually charge by the hour. How much you pay in total depends on how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need and if there will be a final hearing.\n\nYou can get legal aid to help with court costs in certain situations, for example if you\u2019re separating from an abusive partner.\n\n## Further help and advice\n\nYou can:\n\n- get information and advice from Citizens Advice\n\n- read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced\n\n- find out more about how to apply for a financial order\n\n## Maintenance payments\n\nThe court sometimes tells the person with the higher income to make regular maintenance payments to help with the other person\u2019s living costs.\n\nThis is called a \u2018maintenance order\u2019.\n\nA maintenance payment can be set for:\n\n- a limited period of time\n\n- until one of you dies, marries or enters into a new civil partnership\n\nThe payment can also be changed if one of you loses your job or gets much better paid work.\n\n## Child maintenance\n\nThe court can also decide on child maintenance, but this is often arranged by the Child Maintenance Service.\n\nRead more about making arrangements to look after children when you divorce or separate.\n\n## Tax when transferring assets\n\nYou do not usually have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you give, or otherwise \u2018dispose of\u2019, assets to your husband, wife or civil partner before you finalise the divorce or civil partnership.\n\nAssets include shares, certain personal possessions and property. You usually do not have to pay tax if you transfer or sell your main home.\n\n## If you transfer an asset when you\u2019re separated\n\nIf you lived together at any point in the tax year that you transferred the asset, the normal rules for spouses and civil partners apply.\n\nOtherwise you may have to pay Capital Gains Tax. You\u2019ll need to get a valuation of the asset on the date of transfer, and use it to work out the gain or loss.\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If you transfer an asset after you\u2019ve divorced or dissolved your civil partnership\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you transfer after your relationship has legally ended.\n\nThe rules for working out your gain or loss are complex. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help, such as an accountant or tax adviser. You\u2019ll need to tell them the date of:\n\n- the decree absolute or dissolution\n\n- any court order, if assets were transferred this way\n\n- any other contract showing the transfer of assets", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner and i have separated after 20 years of marriage but we can\u2019t agree on how to split up our shared properties and assets.Efforts to make a binding agreement have been futile.", + "original_question": "Can i apply for a court financial order?" + }, + { + "id": "train-195", + "question": "Scenario: I have started a new job and this now takes my Individual Income over \u00a350,000. I live with my partner and her son who is 12.\n\nQuestion: If I want to keep claiming child benefit, will I have to register for income tax Self Assessment?\n\nDocument - High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge:\n## Overview\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge, known as the \u2018High Income Child Benefit Charge\u2019, if you have an individual income over \u00a350,000 and either:\n\n- you or your partner get Child Benefit\n\n- someone else gets Child Benefit for a child living with you and they contribute at least an equal amount towards the child\u2019s upkeep\n\nIt does not matter if the child living with you is not your own child.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## What counts as income\n\nTo work out if your income is over the threshold, you\u2019ll need to work out your \u2018adjusted net income\u2019.\n\nYour adjusted net income is your total taxable income before any personal allowances and less things like Gift Aid.\n\nUse the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your adjusted net income.\n\n## Who pays the tax charge\n\nIf your individual income is over \u00a350,000 and so is your partner\u2019s, then whoever has the higher income is responsible for paying the tax charge.\n\n\u2018Partner\u2019 means someone you\u2019re not permanently separated from who you\u2019re married to, in a civil partnership with or living with as if you were.\n\n## If your income is over the threshold\n\nYou can choose to either:\n\n- get Child Benefit payments, and pay any tax charge at the end of each tax year\n\n- not get Child Benefit payments, and not pay the tax charge\n\n## If you choose to not get Child Benefit\n\nYou can still fill in the Child Benefit claim form. You need to state on the form that you do not want to get payments.\n\nYou need to fill in the claim form if you want to:\n\n- get National Insurance credits, which count towards your State Pension\n\n- ensure your child gets their National Insurance number automatically before they\u2019re 16 - otherwise they need to apply for one themselves\n\n## Already getting Child Benefit\n\nYou can choose to either:\n\n- stop getting Child Benefit - sometimes known as \u2018opting out\u2019\n\n- carry on getting Child Benefit and pay any tax charge at the end of each tax year\n\n## Pay the tax charge\n\nTo pay the tax charge, you must:\n\n- register for Self Assessment\n\n- fill in a Self Assessment tax return each tax year and pay what you owe\n\n## Register for Self Assessment\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you need to pay the tax charge.\n\nYou can get a penalty if you do not register for Self Assessment or do not declare child benefit on your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.\n\nRegister now\n\n## If you cannot get information from your partner or ex-partner\n\nYou can write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to ask whether your partner or ex-partner gets Child Benefit or has a higher adjusted net income than you. HMRC will reply \u2018yes\u2019 or \u2018no\u2019 - they will not give you any financial information.\n\nYou can only ask for this information if you and your partner either live together, or separated within the tax year you want information for.\n\n## Write to HMRC\n\nYou need to tell HMRC the tax year you\u2019re asking about, as well as your:\n\n- name, address, date of birth and National Insurance number\n\n- Unique Taxpayer Reference, if you have one\n\n- adjusted net income\n\n- partner or ex-partner\u2019s name\n\nIf you can, include your partner or ex-partner\u2019s:\n\n- address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- National Insurance number, if you know it\n\n- Unique Taxpayer Reference, if they have one\n\nSend your letter to:\n\n## Stop your Child Benefit\n\nTo stop your Child Benefit you can either:\n\n- fill in an online form\n\n- contact the Child Benefit Office by phone or post\n\nYou need a Government Gateway user ID and password to fill in the online form. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the form.\n\nYou cannot use the online form if you\u2019re an appointee or authorised agent.\n\nYou cannot stop your Child Benefit if you\u2019re using it to pay back an overpayment (or to pay back certain other benefits from another country).\n\n## Responsibilities after your Child Benefit stops\n\nYou must pay any tax charge owed for each tax year up to the date your Child Benefit stops.\n\nUse the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of how much you may owe each tax year.\n\nEven after your payments stop, you must report any changes in your family life that affect your entitlement to Child Benefit.\n\n## Restart your Child Benefit\n\nYou can restart your Child Benefit if:\n\n- you\u2019ve previously stopped it because of the tax charge\n\n- you still qualify for Child Benefit\n\nTo restart your Child Benefit, either:\n\n- fill in an online form\n\n- contact the Child Benefit Office\n\nYou need a Government Gateway user ID and password to fill in the online form. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the form.\n\nYou cannot use the online form if you\u2019re an appointee or authorised agent.\n\nPayments usually start again the Monday after your request is received. The Child Benefit Office will write telling you how much backdated Child Benefit you\u2019ll get (if any).\n\n## Responsibilities after your Child Benefit restarts\n\nYou (or your partner) will have to pay any tax charge on the benefit received from the restart date if your income is over \u00a350,000.\n\nUse the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your income and tax deductions to see if you may be affected by the tax charge.\n\nYou must report any changes to your family life that affect your Child Benefit.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\n## Your income changes\n\nYou will not have to pay the tax charge if your income for the whole of a tax year is less than \u00a350,000.\n\nYou can choose to stop or restart your Child Benefit at any time. Use the Child Benefit tax calculator to get an estimate of your income changes to see if they may affect the tax charge.\n\n## You have a new child\n\nClaiming Child Benefit helps you qualify for:\n\n- National Insurance credits, which protect your right to the State Pension\n\n- other benefits like Guardian\u2019s Allowance\n\nChild Benefit proves you (or your partner) support another child. You may pay less child maintenance for children not living with you.\n\nYou can make a new claim or just protect your entitlement to the above by:\n\n- sending a Child Benefit claim form\n\n- ticking the option to \u2018not have the benefit paid\u2019\n\n## A partner moves in or out\n\nYour situation may change if your income is more than \u00a350,000 and you move in or split up with someone who\u2019s getting Child Benefit.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay the tax charge if your income is more than \u00a350,000 and higher than your new partner\u2019s income. Your partner pays it if their income is higher.\n\nThe tax charge applies from the date you move in together to either the date you permanently separate or the Child Benefit stops - for example because the child is too old to qualify for it.\n\nShort periods apart do not count as separation, for example a hospital stay or working away from home.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit-tax-charge", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have started a new job and this now takes my Individual Income over \u00a350,000. I live with my partner and her son who is 12.", + "original_question": "If I want to keep claiming child benefit, will I have to register for income tax Self Assessment?" + }, + { + "id": "train-197", + "question": "Scenario: I lost my job due to testing positive for corona virus which was followed by severe covid symptoms and i had to self isolate for more than 4 months. This has reduced my income and i need support .\n\nQuestion: Do i need doctors evidence to qualify for statutory sick pay?\n\nDocument - Employment and Support Allowance (ESA):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.\n\nYou may also be able to get ESA if you were unable to work while self-isolating or \u2018shielding\u2019 because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nESA gives you:\n\n- money to help with living costs if you\u2019re unable to work\n\n- support to get back into work if you\u2019re able to\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re employed, self-employed or unemployed.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you\u2019re under State Pension age and you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.\n\nYou also need to have both:\n\n- worked as an employee or have been self-employed\n\n- paid enough National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years - National Insurance credits also count\n\nCheck your National Insurance record for gaps.\n\nYou could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. Universal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs.\n\nYou cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you:\n\n- claim Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- claim Statutory Sick Pay\n\n## If your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is due to end\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends. You\u2019ll start getting \u2018new style\u2019 ESA as soon as your SSP ends.\n\n## If you\u2019re working\n\nYou can apply whether you\u2019re in or out of work. There are conditions to working while claiming ESA.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re unable to claim Statutory Sick Pay and one of the following applies:\n\n- you or your child might have COVID-19 or you\u2019re recovering from it\n\n- you or your child are self-isolating because you came into contact with someone who might have COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- you were advised to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19\n\nShielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming ESA because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll need to give evidence to support your claim.\n\n## Proof if you\u2019re self-isolating because of COVID-19\n\nIf you or your child are self-isolating and you cannot work because of COVID-19, you can get an \u2018isolation note\u2019 online from NHS 111 if you\u2019ve been off work for 7 or more days. You do not have to go to your doctor or a hospital.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, your notification is proof.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery, your letter confirming the date of your procedure is proof.\n\n## Proof if you were advised to shield because of COVID-19\n\nYour doctor or health authority should have sent you a letter advising you or your child to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19.\n\nThe letter will have included the period to shield for. It is proof of your eligibility for ESA for days away from work in that period.\n\nYou may have more than one letter covering more than one shielding period.\n\nContact your doctor if you do not have a letter but think you should have one.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get will depend on what stage your application is at, as well as things like your age and whether you\u2019re able to get back into work.\n\nIf you get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019ll earn Class 1 National Insurance credits, which can help towards your State Pension and some benefits in the future.\n\n## What might affect how much you get paid\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\nNeither your or your partner\u2019s savings or income will affect how much \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019re paid. But a private pension worth more than \u00a385 per week may affect how much you can get.\n\nIf you get income-related ESA, your household income and savings worth \u00a36,000 or more may affect how much you can get.\n\n## While your claim is being assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 for 13 weeks while your claim is being assessed.\n\nThis will be:\n\n- up to \u00a359.20 a week if you\u2019re aged under 25\n\n- up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re aged 25 or over\n\nIf it takes longer than 13 weeks to assess your claim, you\u2019ll continue getting the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until you get a decision or until your ESA is due to end. Your ESA will be backdated if you\u2019re owed any money after 13 weeks.\n\n## After you\u2019re assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll be placed into one of 2 groups if you\u2019re entitled to ESA. If you\u2019re able to get back into work in the future, you\u2019ll be put into the work-related activity group. Otherwise, you\u2019ll be put into the support group.\n\nYou\u2019ll get:\n\n- up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group\n\n- up to \u00a3114.10 a week if you\u2019re in the support group\n\n## If you\u2019re in the support group\n\nIf you\u2019re in the support group and on income-related ESA, you\u2019re also entitled to the enhanced disability premium.\n\nYou may also qualify for the severe disability premium.\n\nFind out how to apply for a disability premium.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYou\u2019ll get paid ESA every 2 weeks.\n\nAll benefits are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Other benefits you can claim\n\nUniversal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs. You could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to find out what other benefits you could get, for example Personal Independence Payment (PIP) if you have a long-term health condition or disability.\n\nThe benefit cap may affect the total amount of benefit you can get. The cap will not affect you if you\u2019re in the support group.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving to Universal Credit from income-related ESA\n\nIf your income-related ESA claim is ending because you\u2019re making a new claim for Universal Credit, you\u2019ll automatically continue to get the amount of ESA you currently receive, as long as you\u2019re still eligible. You\u2019ll normally get this for 2 weeks, starting from the date of your new claim.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you telling you how this works.\n\nYou do not need to pay this money back, and it will not affect the amount of Universal Credit you get.\n\n## Budgeting Loan\n\nYou can apply for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on income-related ESA for at least 6 months.\n\n## Advice on money and debt\n\nYou can get help and advice from your Jobcentre Plus work coach or:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Money Advice Service\n\n- National Debtline\n\n- Shelter\n\n- Turn2us\n\n## Working while you claim\n\nYou can usually work while you are claiming ESA if both of the following apply:\n\n- you work less than 16 hours a week\n\n- you do not earn more than \u00a3143 a week\n\nTell Jobcentre Plus about your work when you make a claim.\n\nSend this form to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re already claiming ESA and you want to start work.\n\n## When you can work 16 hours or more a week\n\nYou can work more than 16 hours a week if the work is either voluntary or \u2018supported permitted work\u2019.\n\n## Supported permitted work\n\nThe work must be either:\n\n- supervised by someone from a local council or voluntary organisation who arranges work for disabled people\n\n- part of a treatment programme under medical supervision\n\nYou can still earn no more than \u00a3143 a week.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. \nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to apply in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you need to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- your bank or building society account number and sort code (you can use a friend or family member\u2019s account if you do not have one)\n\n- your doctor\u2019s name, address and telephone number\n\n- details of your income if you\u2019re working\n\n- the date your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) ends if you\u2019re claiming it\n\nYou cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re getting Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) from an employer. You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll also need:\n\n- an \u2018isolation note\u2019 if you\u2019re unable to work because of COVID-19\n\n- your notification from the NHS or public health authorities if you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate because you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- a letter confirming the date of your procedure if you\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- a letter from your doctor or a health authority advising you or your child to shield (take extra precautions to reduce contact with others) because you\u2019re at very high risk of severe illness from COVID-19\n\nShielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll be contacted by phone and told when to give the evidence and where to send it.\n\nApply now\n\n## When you can apply by phone\n\nCall the Universal Credit helpline if:\n\n- you cannot make an application online\n\n- you\u2019re an appointee for someone\n\n## After you apply\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will contact you within 10 working days of applying.\n\n## If you\u2019re eligible\n\nDWP will contact you within 10 working days to schedule an appointment that you must attend. It will normally be over the phone with a work coach from your local Jobcentre Plus office.\n\nYour work coach will explain what you need to do to get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. They will create an agreement with you called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019.\n\nYou must agree to your Claimant Commitment before you can get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.\n\nAt the appointment, you\u2019ll be asked to:\n\n- explain how your illness or disability affects your ability to work\n\n- provide medical evidence\n\n- agree to tell your local Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nDWP will send you a letter within 10 working days of applying to explain why you\u2019re not eligible for ESA.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## Reapplying for ESA\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\nYou may be able to reapply after your \u2018new style\u2019 ESA ends. You may qualify again depending on:\n\n- what National Insurance contributions you paid in the last 2 full tax years before the tax year you\u2019re claiming in\n\n- whether you\u2019re placed in the support group because you developed a new condition or your health deteriorated\n\n## Your ESA claim\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made your claim, you\u2019ll be told if you need to have a \u2018Work Capability Assessment\u2019 and what group you\u2019ll be put in.\n\n## Work Capability Assessment\n\nA Work Capability Assessment is used to find out if your illness or disability affects how much you can work.\n\nYou might not need one, for example if you\u2019re in hospital or you have a terminal illness.\n\nIf you need a Work Capability Assessment you\u2019ll get a letter telling you to fill in the \u2018Capability for work questionnaire\u2019 and send it to the Health Assessment Advisory Service. The address is on the form. The questionnaire is different in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what happens next, for example if you need an appointment to understand your health condition better.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming both Universal Credit and \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you\u2019ll only have one Work Capability Assessment.\n\nYou can ask for your assessment to be recorded. If you would like this, tell the Health Assessment Advisory Service using the contact details in your appointment invite letter.\n\n## How the assessment happens\n\nAssessments can be in person, by video call or on the phone. You\u2019ll be told how your assessment will take place.\n\nIf you\u2019re asked to attend in person you\u2019ll be told how to do this safely because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can bring one adult from your household with you.\n\nIf your assessment is by phone or video call, you can have someone else with you, for example a friend or support worker. You can ask the assessor to call them if they\u2019re not with you when the assessment starts.\n\nYou\u2019ll stay on the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until a decision can be made on your Work Capability Assessment.\n\n## After your claim is assessed\n\nIf you\u2019re entitled to ESA you\u2019ll be placed in one of 2 groups:\n\n- a work-related activity group (you cannot work now, but can prepare to work in the future, for example by writing a CV)\n\n- a support group (you cannot work now and you\u2019re not expected to prepare for work in the future)\n\n## If you\u2019re in the work-related activity group\n\nYou must attend regular interviews with a work coach. They can help you improve your skills or write a CV to help you get back into work.\n\n## If you\u2019re in the support group\n\nYou\u2019re usually in this group if your illness or disability severely limits what you can do. You do not have to go to interviews. You can tell your work coach if you\u2019d like to take part in work-related activities.\n\n## How long you\u2019ll get ESA for\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\n\u2018New style\u2019 and contribution-based ESA last for 365 days if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group.\n\nThere\u2019s no time limit if you\u2019re in the support group, or if you\u2019re getting income-related ESA.\n\nTo keep getting ESA you must report any change in your circumstances. You may also need to send fit notes regularly.\n\n## If you get a sanction\n\nYour ESA can be reduced if you do not attend interviews or do work-related activity as agreed with your work coach in your \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019. This reduction can continue for up to 4 weeks after you restart work-related activities.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter to say you may be sanctioned. Tell your work coach if you have a good reason for not doing what was agreed in your Claimant Commitment.\n\nYou\u2019ll get another letter if the decision is made to give you a sanction. Your benefit will only be affected once a decision has been made.\n\nYou should contact your local council immediately if you claim Housing Benefit or Council Tax Reduction. They\u2019ll tell you what to do to continue getting support.\n\nIf you get a sanction you can:\n\n- ask for the decision to be looked at again\n\n- ask for a hardship payment\n\nYou will not get a sanction if you\u2019re in the support group.\n\n## Hardship payments\n\nIf you get income-related ESA, you may be able to get a hardship payment if your benefit has been reduced because of a sanction or a penalty due to suspected benefit fraud.\n\nA hardship payment is a reduced amount of your ESA. You do not have to pay it back.\n\nYou can get a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or other basic needs for you or your family. You must be 18 or over.\n\nSpeak to your Jobcentre Plus adviser or work coach to find out how to claim a hardship payment.\n\n## Report a change of circumstances\n\nYou need to report changes to your circumstances so you keep getting the right amount of Employment and Support Allowance (ESA).\n\nYour claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change straight away.\n\nA change of circumstance can include:\n\n- starting or stopping work, education, training or an apprenticeship\n\n- moving house\n\n- changing your name\n\n- people moving into or out of the place you live (for example your partner or a child)\n\n- changes to the benefits you or anyone else in your house gets\n\n- changes to your pension, savings, investments or property\n\n- changes to other money you get (for example student loans or grants, sick pay or money you get from a charity)\n\n- changing your doctor\n\n- any changes to your medical condition or disability\n\n- going into hospital or a care home or sheltered accommodation\n\n- going abroad for any length of time\n\n- changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nCall Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not sure whether you need to report a change.\n\nYou may be prosecuted or have to pay a \u00a350 penalty if you give wrong or incomplete information.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nIf you give wrong or incomplete information or do not report a change straight away, you might be paid too much. If you are, you might have to\u00a0pay some of the money back.\n\n## How to report\n\nYou can report a change of circumstances by:\n\n- calling Jobcentre Plus\n\n- writing to the Jobcentre Plus office that pays your ESA - the address is on the letters you get about your ESA\n\nIf you get Universal Credit at the same time as \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you must also report the changes of circumstances in your Universal Credit account.\n\n## British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service\n\nWatch a video to check you can use the service\n\nGo to the video relay service\n\nMonday to Friday, 8am to 6pm.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland contact the ESA Centre.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I lost my job due to testing positive for corona virus which was followed by severe covid symptoms and i had to self isolate for more than 4 months. This has reduced my income and i need support .", + "original_question": "Do i need doctors evidence to qualify for statutory sick pay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-198", + "question": "Scenario: I am currently the main carer for my Grandfather. I live with him at the moment and care for him 24/7, 7 days a week.\n\nQuestion: I also am in receipt of Universal Credit. Will applying for Carer\u2019s Allowance affect my Universal Credit payments?\n\nDocument - Carer's Allowance:\n## How it works\n\nYou could get \u00a367.60 a week if you care for someone at least 35 hours a week and they get certain benefits.\n\nYou do not have to be related to, or live with, the person you care for.\n\nYou do not get paid extra if you care for more than one person.\n\nIf someone else also cares for the same person as you, only one of you can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nCarer\u2019s Allowance can affect the other benefits that you and the person you care for get. You have to pay tax on it if your income is over the Personal Allowance.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if you provide care remotely during the coronavirus outbreak. This includes giving emotional support over the phone or online.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYou can choose to be paid weekly in advance or every 4 weeks.\n\nIt will be paid into an account, for example your bank account.\n\n## What else you can get\n\nFor each week you get Carer\u2019s Allowance you\u2019ll automatically get National Insurance credits.\n\nYou may also be able to apply for:\n\n- support from your local council\n\n- a Council Tax Reduction\n\n- Universal Credit if you\u2019re on a low income or out of work\n\n- Pension Credit if you\u2019re over working age\n\n- grants and bursaries to help pay for courses and training\n\n- Income Support (if you get the severe disability premium and you\u2019re on a low income)\n\n- income-based Employment and Support Allowance (if you get the severe disability premium and you cannot work)\n\nIf you live in Scotland and get Carer\u2019s Allowance, you may also get Carer\u2019s Allowance Supplement.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nYou can get more help and advice from:\n\n- Carers UK\n\n- Carers Trust\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- NHS: Carers Direct helpline\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou may be eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance if you, the person you care for and the type of care you provide meets certain criteria.\n\n## The person you care for\n\nThe person you care for must already get one of these benefits:\n\n- Personal Independence Payment - daily living component\n\n- Disability Living Allowance - the middle or highest care rate\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance at or above the normal maximum rate with an Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance at the basic (full day) rate with a War Disablement Pension\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\nIf someone else also cares for the same person as you, only one of you can claim Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## The type of care you provide\n\nYou need to spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone. This can include:\n\n- helping with washing and cooking\n\n- taking the person you care for to a doctor\u2019s appointment\n\n- helping with household tasks, like managing bills and shopping\n\nIf you or the person you care for are affected by coronavirus, you can still claim Carer\u2019s Allowance if you provide care remotely. This includes giving emotional support over the phone or online.\n\n## Your eligibility\n\nAll of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019re 16 or over\n\n- you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for someone\n\n- you\u2019ve been in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years (this does not apply if you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection status)\n\n- you normally live in England, Scotland or Wales, or you live abroad as a member of the armed forces (you might still be eligible if you\u2019re moving to or already living in an EEA country or Switzerland)\n\n- you\u2019re not in full-time education\n\n- you\u2019re not studying for 21 hours a week or more\n\n- you\u2019re not subject to immigration control\n\n- your earnings are \u00a3128 or less a week after tax, National Insurance and expenses\n\nIf your earnings are sometimes more than \u00a3128 a week you might still be eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance. Your average earnings may be calculated to work out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Calculating your earnings\n\nYour earnings are any income from employment and self-employment after tax, National Insurance and expenses.\n\nExpenses can include:\n\n- 50% of your pension contributions\n\n- equipment you need to do your job, for example specialist clothing\n\n- travel costs between different workplaces that are not paid for by your employer, for example fuel or train fares\n\n- business costs if you\u2019re self-employed, for example a computer you only use for work\n\nIf you pay a carer to look after the disabled person or your children while you work, you can treat care costs that are less than or equal to 50% of your earnings as an expense. The carer must not be your spouse, partner, parent, child or sibling.\n\nPayments that do not count as earnings include:\n\n- money received from an occupational or private pension\n\n- contributions towards your living or accommodation costs from someone you live with (they cannot be a tenant or boarder)\n\n- the first \u00a320 a week and 50% of the rest of any income you make from someone boarding in your home\n\n- a loan or advance payment from your employer\n\n## If you get State Pension\n\nYou cannot get the full amount of both Carer\u2019s Allowance and your State Pension at the same time.\n\nIf your pension is \u00a367.60 a week or more, you will not get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment.\n\nIf your pension is less than \u00a367.60 a week, you\u2019ll get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment to make up the difference.\n\n## If you get Pension Credit\n\nIf your State Pension is more than \u00a367.60 a week, you will not get a Carer\u2019s Allowance payment but your Pension Credit payments will increase instead.\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nYou might be eligible for Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re not eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Effect on other benefits\n\nCarer\u2019s Allowance can affect the other benefits that both you and the person you care for get.\n\n## Effect on the benefits of the person you care for\n\nWhen you claim Carer\u2019s Allowance, the person you care for will stop getting:\n\n- a severe disability premium paid with their benefits\n\n- an extra amount for severe disability paid with Pension Credit, if they get one\n\nThey might also stop getting reduced Council Tax. Contact their local council to find out if this affects them.\n\n## Effect on your benefits\n\nWhen you claim Carer\u2019s Allowance your other benefit payments may change, but your total benefit payments will usually either go up or stay the same.\n\nCarer\u2019s Allowance does not count towards the benefit cap.\n\nIf you get Working Tax Credit or Child Tax Credit, you must contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to tell them about your Carer\u2019s Allowance claim.\n\nIf you get Pension Credit, your payments will increase if you\u2019re eligible for Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf you delay claiming your State Pension, this could increase the State Pension payments you get when you decide to claim it. You cannot build up extra State Pension during any period you get Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to work out how your other benefits will be affected.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nBefore you apply make sure you have your:\n\n- National Insurance number (if you have a partner you\u2019ll need theirs too)\n\n- bank or building society details (unless you get your State Pension)\n\n- employment details and latest payslip if you\u2019re working\n\n- P45 if you\u2019ve recently finished work\n\n- course details if you\u2019re studying\n\n- details of any expenses, for example pension contributions or the cost of caring for your children or the disabled person while you\u2019re at work\n\nYou also need details of the person you care for. You need their:\n\n- date of birth and address\n\n- National Insurance number if they\u2019re 16 or over\n\n- Disability Living Allowance reference if they\u2019re under 16\n\nYou can backdate your claim by up to 3 months.\n\nApply now\n\n## Other ways to apply\n\nIf you cannot apply online, you can apply by post. The address to send your application to is at the end of the form.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Report a change in circumstances\n\nYou must report changes in your circumstances if you\u2019re claiming or have applied for Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nChanges can include:\n\n- starting a job\n\n- starting or ending full-time education\n\n- changes to your income\n\n- stopping being a carer\n\n- the person you care for no longer getting their disability benefit\n\n- someone else who cares for the same person claiming Carer\u2019s Allowance instead of you\n\n- someone else who cares for the same person claims the carer\u2019s element of Universal Credit\n\n- changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou must tell the Department for Work and Pensions if the person you\u2019re caring for dies.\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## If you temporarily stop providing care for someone\n\nYou can still get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you temporarily stop providing care. This means any period when you spend less than 35 hours a week caring for the other person.\n\nThe person you care for must still receive their disability benefit.\n\nYou must tell DWP if you temporarily stop providing care and:\n\n- you or the person you care for will be in hospital, a nursing home, or respite care for more than 12 weeks\n\n- you stop caring for more than 28 days for any other reason\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## If you\u2019re working\n\nYou can work and get Carer\u2019s Allowance, as long as you spend at least 35 hours in your caring role.\n\nYou can get support for you or the person you care for from your employer, local councils and other organisations.\n\n## Time off for an emergency\n\nYou can ask your employer for time off to deal with an emergency involving someone else who depends on you for care. How much time off you get depends on your situation.\n\nIf you do not qualify for time off, your employer may allow you \u2018compassionate leave\u2019 for emergency situations.\n\n## Flexible working\n\nIf you need to work more flexibly, for example work part-time or work from home, you can request flexible working.\n\nYou do not have to tell your employer about your caring role or give another reason why you need to work more flexibly.\n\n## Respite care or \u2018short break\u2019 care\n\nIf you need someone to help look after the person you care for while you\u2019re at work, you can apply for respite care (also known as \u2018short break\u2019 care).\n\nRespite care options include:\n\n- getting a paid carer or a volunteer to sit with the person you look after for a few hours\n\n- a regular place in a day care centre for the person you care for\n\nYour local council may pay for respite care but you and the person you care for will need an assessment before you can apply.\n\nContact your local authority for information about local support.\n\n## Advice on starting work\n\nIf you need help starting or returning to work, contact your local Jobcentre Plus for help on how to combine work with your caring responsibilities.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am currently the main carer for my Grandfather. I live with him at the moment and care for him 24/7, 7 days a week.", + "original_question": "I also am in receipt of Universal Credit. Will applying for Carer\u2019s Allowance affect my Universal Credit payments?" + }, + { + "id": "train-202", + "question": "Scenario: I am a home owner and receiving income support benefits. I recently had a major heating issues with my boiler and had to replace it which I couldn't afford. I took out a loan to pay for it.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible for getting Support for Mortgage Interest?\n\nDocument - Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI):\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re a homeowner, you might be able to get help towards interest payments on:\n\n- your mortgage\n\n- loans you\u2019ve taken out for certain repairs and improvements to your home\n\nThis help is called Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIt\u2019s paid as a loan, which you\u2019ll need to repay with interest when you sell or transfer ownership of your home (unless you\u2019re moving the loan to another property).\n\nYou usually need to be getting, or treated as getting, a qualifying benefit to get SMI.\n\nThere\u2019s no guarantee that you\u2019ll get SMI for a mortgage or loan you take out.\n\n## What you cannot use SMI for\n\nSMI cannot help you pay:\n\n- the amount you borrowed - only the interest on your mortgage\n\n- anything towards insurance policies you have\n\n- missed mortgage payments (arrears)\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you qualify for Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI), you\u2019ll usually get help paying the interest on up to \u00a3200,000 of your loan or mortgage.\n\nHowever, you can only get up to \u00a3100,000 if either:\n\n- you\u2019re getting Pension Credit\n\n- you started claiming another qualifying benefit before January 2009 and you were below State Pension age at that time\n\nIf you\u2019re already getting SMI and move to Pension Credit within 12 weeks of stopping your other benefits, you\u2019ll still get help with interest on up to \u00a3200,000.\n\nThe interest rate used to calculate the amount of SMI you\u2019ll get is currently 2.09%.\n\n## What you\u2019ll pay back\n\nSMI is paid as a loan. You\u2019ll need to repay the money you get with interest when you sell or transfer ownership of your home (unless you\u2019re moving the loan to another property).\n\nThe interest added to the loan can go up or down, but the rate will not change more than twice a year. The current rate is 0.3%.\n\nIf you want to pay the loan back more quickly, you can also make voluntary repayments. The minimum voluntary repayment is \u00a3100 or the outstanding balance if it\u2019s less than \u00a3100.\n\n## How SMI is paid\n\nSMI is normally paid direct to your lender.\n\nPayments can start either:\n\n- from the date you start getting Pension Credit\n\n- after you\u2019ve received Universal Credit for 9 months in a row, as long as you\u2019re not getting certain income\n\n- after you\u2019ve claimed any other qualifying benefit for 39 weeks in a row\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible for a Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI) loan, you usually need to be getting one of the following qualifying benefits:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Pension Credit\n\nContact the relevant office to check if you\u2019re eligible for SMI.\n\nYou can start getting the loan:\n\n- from the date you start getting Pension Credit\n\n- after you\u2019ve claimed Income Support, income-based JSA or income-based ESA for 39 weeks in a row\n\n- after you\u2019ve received Universal Credit for 9 months in a row, as long as you\u2019re not getting certain income\n\n## If you receive Universal Credit\n\nYou cannot get SMI if you get any of the following income:\n\n- earnings from your job if you\u2019re employed or self-employed\n\n- a tax refund\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Statutory Shared Parental Pay\n\nTo start getting SMI (or get it again if your SMI stopped), you\u2019ll need to stop getting this income and then get Universal Credit for 9 months in a row.\n\n## If your income is too high to get a qualifying benefit\n\nYou might still be able to get SMI if you apply for one of the qualifying benefits but cannot get it because your income is too high. You\u2019ll then be treated as getting the benefit you applied for.\n\nYou will not be treated as getting Universal Credit if you cannot get it because your income is too high.\n\n## How to apply\n\nWhen you apply for a qualifying benefit, you\u2019ll be asked extra questions about your housing costs to find out if you\u2019re eligible for Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI). You might also be sent a form asking for more detailed information.\n\nIf you qualify for SMI, you\u2019ll be offered a loan.\n\nIf you turn down the offer at first, you can still accept it at any time as long as you\u2019re eligible for SMI. The payments to your lender will be backdated to when you were first entitled to the loan. Contact the office that pays your benefit.\n\n## If you already get a qualifying benefit\n\nContact the office that pays your benefit to find out if you could get an SMI loan.\n\nThe payments to your lender will be backdated to when you were first entitled to the loan.\n\nIf you get or have applied for Income Support, income-based JSA or income-related ESA, contact Jobcentre Plus.\n\nIf you get or have applied for Pension Credit, contact the Pension Service.\n\nIf you get or have applied for Universal Credit, contact the Universal Credit helpline.\n\n## Repaying your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll need to repay your SMI loan with interest if you sell or transfer ownership of your home.\n\nThe interest you pay can go up or down, but the rate will not change more than twice a year. The current rate is 0.3%. You\u2019ll be told if this is going to change.\n\n## Selling your home\n\nYou will not be asked to sell your home in order to repay your SMI loan.\n\nIf you sell your home, you\u2019ll repay the SMI loan from what\u2019s left after you pay:\n\n- your mortgage\n\n- any home improvement loans\n\n- any other loans secured against your home\n\nIf you do not have enough left to pay off all of the SMI loan, you will have to pay back what you can. The rest of the loan will be written off.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying a new home\n\nYou may be able to transfer the loan to your new home. Contact DWP Loan Management as soon as you know you intend to move, and before you complete your sale.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give DWP Loan Management your solicitor\u2019s contact details. They will work with your solicitor to arrange for the loan to be moved to your new home.\n\nThe office paying your qualifying benefit will also check you\u2019re still eligible.\n\n## Voluntary repayments\n\nIf you want to pay the loan back more quickly, you can also make voluntary repayments. The minimum voluntary repayment is \u00a3100 or the outstanding balance if it\u2019s less than \u00a3100.\n\n## How to repay\n\nContact DWP Loan Repayment to ask for a \u2018settlement letter\u2019 - this will tell you how much you need to pay.\n\nYou can pay by telephone or online banking using the bank account details in your settlement letter.\n\n## Get other financial help with your housing costs\n\nYou can still get financial help with your housing costs if your Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance is going to stop because you are about to:\n\n- return to work full-time\n\n- work more hours\n\n- earn more money\n\n## Help and support\n\nYou can get free information about housing support from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Money Advice Service\n\n- Shelter", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-for-mortgage-interest", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a home owner and receiving income support benefits. I recently had a major heating issues with my boiler and had to replace it which I couldn't afford. I took out a loan to pay for it.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible for getting Support for Mortgage Interest?" + }, + { + "id": "train-203", + "question": "Scenario: I live in Wales and am currently expecting my first child. I live with my partner, who is on a low income and is claiming Universal Credit, as am I.\n\nQuestion: Can I get the Sure Start Maternity Grant?\n\nDocument - Sure Start Maternity Grant:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get a one-off payment of \u00a3500 to help towards the costs of having a child. This is known as a Sure Start Maternity Grant.\n\nIf you live in Scotland you cannot get a Sure Start Maternity Grant. You can apply for a Pregnancy and Baby Payment instead.\n\nYou usually qualify for the grant if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting your first child, or you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins) and have children already\n\n- you or your partner already get certain benefits\n\nYou must claim the grant within 11 weeks of the baby\u2019s due date or within 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth.\n\nYou do not have to pay the grant back and it will not affect your other benefits or tax credits.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## What you'll get\n\nA Sure Start Maternity Grant is \u00a3500 and you do not have to pay it back.\n\nYou may not get a grant if you already have children.\n\n## If you already have children under 16\n\nYou can only get a grant if at least one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)\n\n- the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK\n\n| Children under 16 | Grant if you have twins | Grant if you have triplets |\n\n| You have 1 or more (and none of them are from multiple births) | \u00a3500 | \u00a31,000 |\n\n| You\u2019ve already had twins | \u00a30 | \u00a3500 |\n\n| You\u2019ve already had triplets | \u00a30 | \u00a30 |\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nUsually, to qualify for a Sure Start Maternity Grant there must be no other children in your family. You or your partner must also get one of these benefits:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n- Working Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element\n\n- Universal Credit\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re getting a Support for Mortgage Interest loan.\n\nIf you live in Scotland you cannot get a Sure Start Maternity Grant. You can apply for a Pregnancy and Baby Payment instead.\n\n## If you already have children under 16\n\nYou may still be able to get a grant if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)\n\n- the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s (but not your partner\u2019s) and the child was over 12 months old when the arrangement started\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK\n\nYou must claim by the deadline.\n\n## If you\u2019re not giving birth\n\nYou may also be able to get a grant if you\u2019re adopting or becoming a surrogate parent.\n\nThe baby must be less than 1 year old on the date you claim. You must be receiving one of the benefits above and one of the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve become responsible for the baby and you\u2019re not the mother\n\n- the baby has been placed with you for adoption\n\n- you\u2019ve got permission to adopt a baby from abroad\n\n- you\u2019ve got a parental order for a surrogate birth\n\n- you\u2019ve been appointed as guardian\n\n- you\u2019ve an adoption or a residence order\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim from 11 weeks before the week your baby is due. The latest you can claim is 6 months after your baby is born.\n\nIf you\u2019re becoming responsible for a child, you must claim within 6 months of this happening.\n\n## Claim by post\n\n- Print out and fill in the Sure Start Maternity Grant (SF100) claim form.\n\n- Get a health professional such as a doctor or midwife to fill in the statement on page 10 of the form. You can send your form without this statement if necessary to meet the deadline. If you do this, you\u2019ll be contacted about arranging the statement at a later date.\n\n- Post the form to \u2018Freepost DWP SSMG\u2019 - you do not need a postcode or a stamp.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form and postal address if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you if your claim was successful.\n\nIf you get Universal Credit, you will not get a decision on your claim until after your next payment.\n\n## Get help with your claim\n\nCall the Sure Start Maternity Grant helpline.\n\nYou can also contact Jobcentre Plus.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Sure Start Maternity Grant helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/sure-start-maternity-grant", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in Wales and am currently expecting my first child. I live with my partner, who is on a low income and is claiming Universal Credit, as am I.", + "original_question": "Can I get the Sure Start Maternity Grant?" + }, + { + "id": "train-205", + "question": "Scenario: My sister has been for 10 years undergone domestic Abuse through her abusive husband. During covid pandemic the husband kicked her away from their shared accomodation. She is current in the refuge and want to divorce her abusive husband.\n\nQuestion: Does my sister has a valid ground for divorce?\n\nDocument - Get a divorce:\n## Check you can get a divorce\n\nYou can get divorced in England or Wales if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019ve been married for over a year\n\n- your relationship has permanently broken down\n\n- your marriage is legally recognised in the UK (including same-sex marriage)\n\n- the UK is your permanent home, or the permanent home of your husband or wife\n\nIf you do not want a divorce, you can get a legal separation so you can live apart without ending the marriage. You might also be able to annul the marriage. You can apply for separation or annulment during your first year of marriage.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nGetting a divorce is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Grounds for divorce\n\nWhen you apply for a divorce you\u2019ll need to prove that your marriage has broken down and cannot be saved. You\u2019ll need to give one or more of the following 5 reasons (also known as \u2018facts\u2019).\n\n## Adultery\n\nYour husband or wife had sexual intercourse with someone else of the opposite sex (committed adultery).\n\nYou cannot give adultery as a reason if you lived together as a couple for more than 6 months after you found out about it.\n\n## Unreasonable behaviour\n\nYour husband or wife has behaved in such a way that you cannot reasonably be expected to live with them.\n\nThis could include:\n\n- physical violence\n\n- verbal abuse, such as insults or threats\n\n- drunkenness or drug-taking\n\n- refusing to pay towards shared living expenses\n\n## Desertion\n\nYour husband or wife has left you for at least 2 years before you apply for divorce.\n\nYou can still claim desertion if you have lived together for up to a total of 6 months in this period, but that will not count towards the 2 years.\n\n## You\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years\n\nYou can apply for a divorce if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years before applying for divorce and you both agree to it.\n\nYour husband or wife must agree in writing.\n\nIt may be possible for you to show that you\u2019ve been separated while living in the same home as your wife or husband as long as you\u2019re not living together as a couple (for example you sleep and eat apart).\n\n## You\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years\n\nYou can apply for a divorce if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years before applying, even if your husband or wife disagrees.\n\n## Before you apply\n\nBefore you send in your application, you and your husband or wife can choose to work out:\n\n- arrangements for looking after any children\n\n- child maintenance payments for any children\n\nYou can also divide your money and property. There\u2019s a deadline if you want to make this legally binding.\n\nYou can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree about children, money and property and the reasons for ending your marriage.\n\n## Get help agreeing on issues\n\nYou can use a mediator. Check if you can get legal aid to help pay for mediation.\n\nYou can also get advice on making agreements from:\n\n- organisations near you\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n## If you\u2019re married to more than one person\n\nContact your regional divorce centre if you\u2019re married to more than one person (polygamy).\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply for a divorce you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your husband or wife\u2019s full name and address\n\n- your original marriage certificate or a certified copy (and a certified translation if it\u2019s not in English)\n\n- proof of your name change if you\u2019ve changed it since you got married - for example your marriage certificate or a deed poll\n\nYou must try to find your husband or wife\u2019s current address if you do not know it. The court will need it to send them a copy of the divorce petition.\n\nIf you name the person your husband or wife committed adultery with, they\u2019ll get copies of the paperwork.\n\n## Fee\n\nYou must pay a \u00a3550 fee to apply for a divorce. The way you pay depends on how you apply. Your fee will not be refunded after you are sent the notice that your application has been issued.\n\nYou may be able to get help with fees if you get benefits or are on a low income.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply for a divorce online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a debit or credit card to apply online.\n\n## Apply by post or in Welsh\n\nFill in a divorce application form D8 (\u2018divorce petition\u2019) to start a divorce.\n\nYou can get help filling in the form at a Citizens Advice office.\n\nSend 3 copies of the form to your nearest divorce centre. They\u2019ll send one copy to your husband or wife.\n\nYou need to send 4 copies if you named someone your husband or wife committed adultery with.\n\nKeep your own copy of the forms.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can either pay by:\n\n- debit or credit card - the divorce centre will call you to take payment\n\n- cheque - made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\n## What happens after you apply\n\nYour application will be checked. If it\u2019s correct, you\u2019ll be sent:\n\n- a notice that your application has been issued (sent out)\n\n- a copy of your application stamped by the divorce centre\n\n- a case number\n\nThis may take up to 10 days if you applied online or 1 month if you applied by post.\n\nThe court will send your husband or wife the divorce application and an \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 form. Your husband or wife will need to respond to your divorce application.\n\nIf you named someone your husband or wife committed adultery with, they\u2019ll also be sent a copy of the application and be asked to respond.\n\n## Your husband or wife responds\n\nThe acknowledgement of service form asks your husband or wife if they:\n\n- agree with the divorce\n\n- intend to try to prevent the divorce (defend it)\n\n- object to paying the costs (if you\u2019ve claimed them)\n\nYour husband or wife must respond within 8 days.\n\n## If they agree with the divorce\n\nYou can continue with the divorce by applying for a decree nisi.\n\n## If they defend the divorce\n\nYour husband or wife will have to complete an \u2018answer to divorce\u2019 form to say why they disagree with the divorce. They must do this within 28 days of getting the divorce application.\n\nIf they do not submit an \u2018answer to divorce\u2019 form, you can continue the divorce by applying for a decree nisi.\n\nIf they do submit an answer to divorce in time, you may have to go to court to discuss the case.\n\n## Apply for decree nisi\n\nYou can apply for a decree nisi if your husband or wife does not defend your divorce petition.\n\nA decree nisi is a document that says that the court does not see any reason why you cannot divorce.\n\nIf your husband or wife does not agree to the divorce, you can still apply for a decree nisi. However, you\u2019ll have to go to a court hearing to discuss the case, where a judge will decide whether to grant you a decree nisi.\n\nIf you already have a hearing date, the court will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo get a decree nisi, read the guidance and then fill in the application for a decree nisi.\n\nYou must also fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your divorce petition is true.\n\nThere are 5 statement forms - use the one that covers the reason you\u2019ve given for your divorce:\n\n- adultery statement\n\n- unreasonable behaviour statement\n\n- desertion statement\n\n- 2 years\u2019 separation statement\n\n- 5 years\u2019 separation statement\n\nAttach a copy of your husband\u2019s or wife\u2019s response to the divorce petition.\n\n## Getting a decree nisi\n\nIf the judge agrees, the court will send you and your husband or wife a certificate. This may take several weeks.\n\nThe certificate will tell you the time and date you\u2019ll be granted a decree nisi.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be married after the decree nisi has been granted. You\u2019ll have to wait 43 days (6 weeks and 1 day) before you can apply for a \u2018decree absolute\u2019 to actually end the marriage.\n\n## Your application is rejected\n\nYou may be sent a \u2018notice of refusal of judge\u2019s certificate\u2019 form, saying why you cannot divorce.\n\nThe form will tell you what to do next. The judge may want more information in writing, or you may have to go to a court hearing.\n\nYou can get legal advice if there\u2019s going to be a court hearing.\n\n## Apply for a decree absolute\n\nThe decree absolute is the legal document that ends your marriage.\n\nYou need to wait at least 43 days (6 weeks and 1 day) after the date of the decree nisi before you can apply for a decree absolute.\n\nApply within 12 months of getting the decree nisi - otherwise you will have to explain the delay to the court.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply for a decree absolute, fill in the notice of application for decree nisi to be made absolute form.\n\nIf you want a legally binding arrangement for dividing money and property you must apply to the court for this before you apply for a decree absolute.\n\n## Getting the decree absolute\n\nThe court will check that:\n\n- time limits have been met\n\n- there are no other reasons not to grant the divorce\n\nThe court will then send you both a decree absolute.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your decree absolute within:\n\n- 24 hours (Monday to Friday) if you applied online\n\n- 10 days if you applied by post\n\nIf a solicitor is acting for you, the decree absolute will be sent to them. You\u2019ll need to ask them for a copy.\n\nOnce you get the decree absolute, you are divorced, no longer married and free to marry again if you wish.\n\nKeep the decree absolute safe - you will need to show it if you remarry or to prove your marital status.\n\nIf you lose your decree absolute, you can apply to the court for a copy.\n\n## If you do not apply for the decree absolute\n\nYour husband or wife can apply for the decree absolute if you do not. They\u2019ll have to wait an extra 3 months to do this, on top of the standard 43 days.\n\n## If your husband or wife lacks mental capacity\n\nYou can apply for a divorce if your husband or wife \u2018lacks mental capacity\u2019 and cannot agree to a divorce or take part in the divorce case.\n\nYour husband or wife will need someone to make decisions for them during the divorce. The person who acts on their behalf is called a \u2018litigation friend\u2019. It can be a family member, close friend or someone else who can represent them.\n\n## Your husband or wife does not have a litigation friend\n\nIf there\u2019s no one suitable and willing to be their litigation friend, you can apply to the court to appoint a litigation friend.\n\nThe Official Solicitor may agree to act as your husband or wife\u2019s litigation friend when there\u2019s no one else to do this (\u2018litigation friend of last resort\u2019).\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Check there\u2019s nobody else suitable or willing to act as your husband or wife\u2019s litigation friend.\n\n- Check that there\u2019s money available for any costs the Official Solicitor has to pay. Your husband or wife may be able to get legal aid.\n\n- Give the details of your husband or wife\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to the court so it can ask for a certificate of capacity.\n\nIf the Official Solicitor agrees to act as litigation friend for your husband or wife, you\u2019ll be able to file for divorce.\n\n## Contact the Official Solicitor\u2019s staff\n\nEmail or call the private family law team if you have an enquiry about divorcing someone who lacks mental capacity. They cannot answer general questions about divorce.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/divorce", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My sister has been for 10 years undergone domestic Abuse through her abusive husband. During covid pandemic the husband kicked her away from their shared accomodation. She is current in the refuge and want to divorce her abusive husband.", + "original_question": "Does my sister has a valid ground for divorce?" + }, + { + "id": "train-206", + "question": "Scenario: My partner and I have tried to conceive naturally for two years without success and are now contemplating alternative methods to enable us to become parents.\n\nQuestion: If I have a child via a surrogate, is it possible they could refuse to surrender it?\n\nDocument - Surrogacy: legal rights of parents and surrogates:\n## Overview\n\nSurrogacy is legal in the UK, but if you make a surrogacy agreement it cannot be enforced by the law.\n\n## The legal parents at birth\n\nIf you use a surrogate, they will be the child\u2019s legal parent at birth.\n\nIf the surrogate is married or in a civil partnership, their spouse or civil partner will be the child\u2019s second parent at birth, unless they did not give their permission.\n\nLegal parenthood can be transferred by parental order or adoption after the child is born.\n\nIf there is disagreement about who the child\u2019s legal parents should be, the courts will make a decision based on the best interests of the child.\n\n## Surrogacy agreements\n\nThe intended parents and surrogate can record how they want the arrangement to work in a surrogacy agreement.\n\nSurrogacy agreements are not enforceable by UK law, even if you have a signed document with your surrogate and have paid their expenses.\n\nYou cannot pay a surrogate in the UK, except for their reasonable expenses.\n\n## Donor\u2019s rights\n\nIf you use donated sperm or eggs with your surrogate, read about the rights of your donor.\n\nRead more about surrogacy and the legal process.\n\n## Become the child\u2019s legal parent\n\nYou must apply for a parental order or adoption if you want to become the legal parent of the child.\n\n## Parental orders\n\nYou can apply for a parental order with a partner or on your own.\n\n## Apply with a partner\n\nOne of you must be genetically related to the child - in other words, be the egg or sperm donor.\n\nYou must be one of the following:\n\n- married\n\n- civil partners\n\n- living as partners\n\nYou must also:\n\n- have the child living with you\n\n- reside permanently in either the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man\n\nYou must apply within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth.\n\n## Apply as an individual\n\nYou must be genetically related to the child - in other words, be the egg or sperm donor.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- have the child living with you\n\n- reside permanently in either the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man\n\nYou can apply for a child of any age if you apply before 4 July 2019. From 4 July 2019 you must apply within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth.\n\n## How to apply in England or Wales\n\nYou must fill in a \u2018C51 application form for a parental order\u2019 and take or send it to a family court.\n\nYou do not have to use your local family court, but you\u2019ll need to explain why if you do not.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide the child\u2019s full birth certificate and will also be charged a court fee of \u00a3215.\n\nThe court will then set a date for the hearing and issue you with a \u2018C52 acknowledgement form\u2019 that you must give to the child\u2019s legal parent, in other words, your surrogate.\n\nThe surrogate and anyone else who\u2019s a parent of the child must agree to the parental order by filling in form A101A.\n\n## How to apply in Scotland or Northern Ireland\n\nThe process is different if you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\nIn Scotland, contact the Court of Session or Sheriff Court.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, contact the Courts and Tribunals Service.\n\n## Adoption\n\nIf neither you or your partner are related to the child, adoption is the only way you can become the child\u2019s legal parent.\n\n## Children born outside the UK\n\nIf your surrogate gives birth abroad, you can only apply for a parental order if you and your partner are living in the UK.\n\nIf the child is not a UK or EU national, they will need a visa to enter the UK during this process.\n\nUsing a surrogate abroad can be complicated because different countries have different rules. You may want to get legal advice or contact The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority for more information.\n\nYou can also read about returning to the UK with your child.\n\n## Pay and leave\n\nYou and your partner may be eligible for adoption pay and leave and paternity pay and leave if you use a surrogate.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for paid leave, you may be able to take parental leave or annual leave.\n\n## Surrogates\n\nEvery pregnant employee has the right to 52 weeks\u2019 maternity leave and to return to their job after this.\n\nWhat a surrogate does after the child is born does not affect their right to maternity leave.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-rights-when-using-surrogates-and-donors", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner and I have tried to conceive naturally for two years without success and are now contemplating alternative methods to enable us to become parents.", + "original_question": "If I have a child via a surrogate, is it possible they could refuse to surrender it?" + }, + { + "id": "train-207", + "question": "Scenario: I'm a 51 year old from York. I inherited my 73 year old fathers estate 6 months ago after he passed and I have payed too much on my inheritance tax bill.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim the overpayment back?\n\nDocument - Pay your Inheritance Tax bill:\n## Overview\n\nYou must pay Inheritance Tax by the end of the sixth month after the person died.\n\nThere are different due dates if you\u2019re making payments on a trust.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay by the due date.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a payment reference number before you can pay your Inheritance Tax bill.\n\n## Pay from your own bank account\n\nYou can pay from your own bank account or a joint account with the deceased:\n\n- using online or telephone banking\n\n- using CHAPS or Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\nYou currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by cheque because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can claim the money back from the deceased\u2019s estate or the beneficiaries once you get a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.\n\n## Pay from accounts owned by the deceased\n\nYou can pay using the deceased\u2019s:\n\n- bank accounts - including National Savings and Investments (NS&I) accounts\n\n- government stock\n\n## If you do not know how much to pay\n\nYou can make payments before you know the exact amount of Inheritance Tax owed by the deceased person\u2019s estate. These are known as \u2018payments on account\u2019.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nHMRC do not send receipts for each payment you make. They\u2019ll write to tell you when you\u2019ve paid all the Inheritance Tax and interest you owe.\n\nIf you\u2019ve paid through your own bank or building society, check your statement to confirm the payment has left your account.\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020\n\nAsk your bank if your cheque to HMRC has been cashed. If it has not been cashed, you should cancel the cheque and pay HMRC a different way.\n\n## Get a payment reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get an Inheritance Tax reference number from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) at least 3 weeks before you make a payment.\n\nYou can apply for one:\n\n- online (unless you need it for a trust)\n\n- by post - using form IHT422, Application for an Inheritance Tax reference (the address you need is on the form)\n\nDo not use the 15-digit number from the online Inheritance Tax service to report an estate\u2019s value.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking), CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001136 | HMRC Inheritance Tax |\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your Inheritance Tax payment reference number as the payment reference.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB66BARC20114763495590 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Inheritance Tax |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.\n\nYou can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.\n\nPlease complete one of your bank\u2019s paying in slips with the following HMRC bank account details:\n\nSort code 25 61 21\nAccount number 63495590\nAccount name HM Revenue & Customs Inheritance Tax\n\nSome branches might be closed at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite the name of the deceased and your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the letter HMRC sent you.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account, if you pay between Monday and Friday.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can still pay:\n\n- using online or telephone banking\n\n- using CHAPS or Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n## From the deceased's bank account\n\nYou can ask banks, building societies or National Savings & Investments (NS&I) to pay some or all of the Inheritance Tax due from the deceased person\u2019s accounts to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is called the \u2018Direct Payment Scheme\u2019.\n\n- Ask the bank, building society or NS&I to make you a \u2018personal representative\u2019 - each one will do this in a different way. You can do this before you apply for a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is known as confirmation in Scotland.\n\n- Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number.\n\n- Fill in form IHT423 and send it to the bank, building society or NS&I. Send a separate form for each account you want to pay HMRC from.\n\n- Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT 400, Probate Summary form IHT421, (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) and any supplementary pages or supporting documents to HMRC.\n\nWhen the bank, building society or NS&I has made the payment, HMRC will stamp and return Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) so you know the Inheritance Tax has been paid.\n\n## Using British government stock\n\nWrite to Computershare Investor Services, who run the British government stock scheme.\n\nTell them you want to pay Inheritance Tax and how much of the stock you want to use. Enclose a copy of the death certificate and the stock reference number (if you have it).\n\nAt the same time, send HMRC:\n\n- a letter saying how much tax you want to be paid out of the stock\n\n- Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 - you\u2019ll need to put your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the form\n\n- Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland)\n\nHMRC will contact Computershare and ask for the money to be transferred. This could take up to 4 weeks.\n\nDo not pay this way if you need to get probate (known as \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland) quickly. (Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.)\n\n## After the money has been transferred\n\n## In England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nHMRC will send your IHT421 form to the Probate Registry so they can send a grant of representation to you (if you\u2019re handling probate yourself) or to your solicitor.\n\n## In Scotland\n\nHMRC will return your C1 Confirmation form to you so you can apply for confirmation.\n\nIf the amount transferred is not enough to cover the Inheritance Tax you owe, HMRC will write to tell you how much to pay and how to pay it.\n\n## By transferring national heritage property\n\nIn very exceptional cases you may be able to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown.\n\nNational heritage property may include:\n\n- buildings or land of historic, architectural, scenic or scientific interest\n\n- artworks, books and manuscripts or scientific collections of historic, scenic or scientific interest\n\nOffers to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown are dealt with on an individual basis.\n\nContact the HMRC Heritage team for information on making an offer.\n\n## If your offer is accepted\n\nEven if your offer\u2019s accepted, you must first pay all of the Inheritance Tax you owe through other means and have a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.\n\nOnce your property has been transferred HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will repay the Inheritance Tax you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## In yearly instalments\n\nYou can pay your Inheritance Tax on things that may take time to sell in equal annual instalments over 10 years.\n\nYou must say on Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 if you want to pay in instalments.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay interest on your instalments. Use the calculator to work out the interest you\u2019ll need to pay.\n\nYou must pay the tax in full when you\u2019ve sold the deceased\u2019s assets, such as their house or shares.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nThe first instalment is due at the end of the sixth month after the death (for example if they died on 12 January, you\u2019d have to pay by 31 July). This is known as the \u2018due date\u2019. Payments are then due every year on that date.\n\n## Paying early\n\nYou can pay off the full tax and interest at any time. Write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Trusts and Estates asking for a final assessment (you do not have to include payment).\n\n## What you pay interest on\n\nYou will not pay any interest on the first instalment unless you pay late. On each later instalment you must pay interest on both of the following:\n\n- the full outstanding tax balance\n\n- the instalment itself, from the date it\u2019s due to the date of payment (if it\u2019s paid late)\n\n## What you can pay in instalments\n\n## Houses\n\nYou can pay 10% and the interest each year if you decide to keep the house to live in.\n\n## Shares and securities\n\nYou can pay in instalments if the shares or securities allowed the deceased to control more than 50% of a company.\n\n## Unlisted shares and securities\n\nYou can pay in instalments for \u2018unlisted\u2019 shares or securities (ones not traded on a recognised stock exchange) if they\u2019re worth more than \u00a320,000 and either of these apply:\n\n- they represent 10% of the total value of the shares in the company, at the price they were first sold at (known as the \u2018nominal\u2019 value or \u2018face value\u2019)\n\n- they represent 10% of the total value of ordinary shares held in the company, at the price they were first sold at\n\nYou can find the face value of a share and whether it\u2019s an ordinary share on the share certificate.\n\nYou can also pay in instalments if either of these apply:\n\n- at least 20% of the total Inheritance Tax the estate owes is on assets that qualify for payment by instalments\n\n- paying Inheritance Tax on them in one lump sum will cause financial difficulties\n\n## Business run for profit\n\nYou can pay in instalments on the net value of a business, but not its assets.\n\n## Agricultural land and property\n\nThis is rare because most agricultural land and property is exempt from Inheritance Tax.\n\n## Gifts\n\nYou can pay in instalments if there is still Inheritance Tax to pay and you were given:\n\n- buildings\n\n- shares or securities\n\n- part or all of a business\n\nIf the gift was an unlisted share or security, it must still have been unlisted at the time of the death.\n\n## Trusts\n\n- Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number at least 3 weeks before you want to make a payment by filling in Form IHT122.\n\n- Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT100 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n- Pay the Inheritance Tax, either through a bank or building society or by cheque through the post.\n\n## Payment deadlines\n\n## Transfers\n\nYou must pay Inheritance Tax on transfers into a trust or out of a trust (known as \u2018exit charges\u2019) no later than 6 months after the end of the month the transfer was made.\n\n## 10-year anniversary charge\n\nThe 10-year anniversary charge can be paid up to 6 months after the 10th anniversary of the date the trust was set up.\n\n## Pay early to avoid paying interest\n\nYou can make early Inheritance Tax payments before you know the exact amount the estate owes (this is known as a \u2018payment on account\u2019).\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay all the tax the estate owes by the due date. If you will not know how much Inheritance Tax the estate owes by the time the payment is due, a payment on account can help you avoid some of the interest.\n\n## If you overpay\n\nIf you pay more money than the final bill says the estate owes, HMRC will refund the excess after you\u2019ve been given probate (confirmation in Scotland). Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.\n\nHMRC will also pay interest on the amount you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\nTo receive the refund, you\u2019ll need to write to HMRC.\n\nPut \u2018Repayment - further details\u2019 at the top of the letter.\n\nInclude the name, number and sort code of the bank account you want the refund to go to.\n\nThe letter must be signed by the same people who signed forms IHT400 and IHT100 if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying without the help of a solicitor or agent\n\n- the refund is being paid into a different bank account to the one nominated in IHT400 or IHT100\n\nIf you\u2019re an agent acting on behalf of the estate and you\u2019re not asking for the refund to be paid into a different bank account, only put your signature on the letter.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paying-inheritance-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I'm a 51 year old from York. I inherited my 73 year old fathers estate 6 months ago after he passed and I have payed too much on my inheritance tax bill.", + "original_question": "Can I claim the overpayment back?" + }, + { + "id": "train-210", + "question": "Scenario: I live in England and am the closest living relative to my brother, who was sectioned under the Mental Health Act almost six months ago. I believe his admission has not been adequately reviewed during this period and wish to apply to the tribunal for his release.\n\nQuestion: Can I request that my brother be re-examined by the tribunal doctor in advance of any hearing?\n\nDocument - Apply to the Mental Health Tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health) if you\u2019re admitted (\u2018detained\u2019) as a patient in a psychiatric hospital (\u2018sectioned\u2019) and want to be discharged.\n\nYou can apply on a patient\u2019s behalf if you\u2019re their:\n\n- legal representative\n\n- \u2018nearest relative\u2019\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nYou can also apply to the tribunal if you want to change:\n\n- a community treatment order\n\n- the conditions placed on your \u2018conditional discharge\u2019 from hospital\n\nThe tribunal deals with cases in England. There are different rules in Wales and rules in Scotland.\n\n## When to apply\n\nWhen you apply depends on how you were admitted - ask your doctor or lawyer (if you have one) if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nThere are deadlines for the first time you apply - you must apply within:\n\n- 14 days if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment (\u2018section 2\u2019)\n\n- 6 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019)\n\nGet legal advice if you\u2019re a \u2018restricted patient\u2019, for example you\u2019ve received an order from the Crown Court or been transferred from prison- the deadlines depend on your situation.\n\n## If you miss the deadline\n\nYou cannot apply to be discharged if you miss the deadline but you may be able to apply again later, for example after a year if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019).\n\nThe tribunal will automatically look at your case again after a certain period of time. This is sometimes known as a \u2018referral\u2019. The period of time depends on your case, for example:\n\n- if it\u2019s been 3 years since the tribunal gave you a hearing\n\n- you\u2019ve not had a hearing in the first 6 months of your detention\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get free legal help if you\u2019re a patient. It does not cost you anything as it\u2019s paid for by legal aid.\n\nFind a legal advisor near you or ask the tribunal to find one for you when you apply.\n\nYou can also get advice from:\n\n- Carers Direct\n\n- the charity Mind\n\n- the charity Rethink\n\n## Apply to the tribunal\n\nDownload and fill in an application to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health). You must include:\n\n- what you\u2019re applying for, for example discharge if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment or treatment\n\n- the patient\u2019s first name, surname and date of birth\n\n- full details of the care coordinator and hospital\n\n- the date of the section or order\n\n- contact details for the \u2018nearest relative\u2019 (if there is one)\n\n- your lawyer\u2019s details (if you have one)\n\n- whether you need an interpreter\n\n## Send the form\n\nPost or email the form to HM Courts and Tribunals Service. The contact details are on the form.\n\nContact the tribunal by phone or email if you have any questions about completing the form. The helpline and email address cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be told when the tribunal has received your application. You\u2019ll get information on your rights to legal representation if you did not include a lawyer\u2019s details in your application.\n\nYour \u2018nearest relative\u2019 will usually be told the date of the hearing - they can attend unless you object. Nearer the time of the hearing you\u2019ll be given copies of reports so that you can check that the information\u2019s correct and work out any questions you want to ask.\n\nThe date of the hearing depends on your situation. You\u2019ll usually get a hearing within:\n\n- 7 days of applying if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment\n\n- 2 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment\n\n- 4 months if you\u2019ve received an order from the Crown Court or been transferred from prison (known as a \u2018restricted patient\u2019)\n\n## Evidence from the tribunal doctor\n\nYou can ask for a pre-hearing examination with the tribunal doctor if you want one.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment, do this in writing when you send your application to the tribunal.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment or you\u2019re a restricted patient, you must do this at least 2 weeks before the hearing.\n\nWrite to:\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your pre-hearing examination may take place by video.\n\nThe tribunal will also ask the hospital for reports from:\n\n- your doctor\n\n- the social work and nursing teams responsible for your care\n\n- the Secretary of State for Justice if you\u2019re a restricted patient (and your social supervisor if you\u2019re living in the community on conditional discharge)\n\n## If you do not want to continue with your application\n\nWrite to the tribunal as soon as possible if you do not want to continue with your application. The tribunal will decide whether to accept your withdrawal.\n\nYou cannot withdraw your case if it was automatically referred to the tribunal, but you do not have to go to the hearing if you do not want to.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\nYou do not have to attend the hearing if you do not want to. You can bring a legal representative and a relative to the hearing if you do go - your representative can arrange for witnesses or experts to attend.\n\nHearings are usually held in private and attended by:\n\n- a judicial panel, made up of a judge, a doctor and a specialist lay member (for example a mental health social worker)\n\n- the patient\n\n- their hospital doctor, ward nurse and social worker\n\n- your legal representative, if you have one\n\nThe doctor, nurse and social worker will give evidence. You can also give evidence, and ask questions.\n\nThe tribunal will also look at:\n\n- your pre-hearing examination from the tribunal doctor, if you had one\n\n- an independent psychiatric report, if your legal representative asked for one\n\nIf you\u2019re a \u2018restricted patient\u2019 and have committed a serious offence against a person, they or their family can ask (or make \u2018representations\u2019) for certain conditions if the tribunal thinks you\u2019re ready for discharge.\n\n## Claim expenses\n\nYou may be able to claim expenses for going to the hearing. This includes money for:\n\n- travel costs\n\n- loss of earnings\n\n- food and drink, if you\u2019re away for more than 5 hours\n\nRead the guidance on claiming expenses.\n\n## The tribunal's decision\n\nThe tribunal usually decides at the end of the hearing on whether you should be discharged - you\u2019ll get the decision on the day, and you\u2019ll usually get full written reasons with 7 days of the hearing.\n\nThe tribunal can:\n\n- order your release (on the same day or at a future date)\n\n- recommend that you\u2019re transferred to a different hospital\n\n- recommend that your doctor considers you for treatment in the community\n\n- recommend that you\u2019re allowed to leave the hospital for periods of time, to see if you\u2019re ready for life in the community\n\nThe tribunal cannot change your treatment, for example medication.\n\n## Appeal\n\nIf you lose your case, you can ask the tribunal:\n\n- to cancel the decision - you must do this within 28 days of getting the written decision\n\n- for permission to appeal to a higher tribunal (the \u2018Upper Tribunal\u2019)\n\n## Ask the tribunal to cancel the decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to get a decision \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled) if you think there\u2019s been a mistake in the process, for example you were not told about the hearing so did not go.\n\nIf the tribunal cancels the decision, you may be able to get a new hearing.\n\nContact Citizens Advice if you need help.\n\n## Appeal to the Upper Tribunal\n\nYou can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you think there was a legal mistake, for example if they:\n\n- did not apply the correct law or wrongly interpreted the law\n\n- did not follow the correct procedures\n\n- had no evidence or not enough evidence to support its decision\n\nFill in the application for permission to appeal - the address is on the form.\n\nAnother judge will look to see if there\u2019s a legal problem with your case and if it needs to be heard again.\n\n## Complain\n\nYou cannot complain about the decision - you can only complain about the tribunal staff and the way the hearing took place.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on:\n\n- Mental Health Act 1983 (as amended by the Mental Health Act 2007)\n\n- Mental Health Act 2007\n\n- Human Rights Act 1998 if the case is about human rights\n\nThe tribunal must follow the Tribunal Procedure (First-Tier Tribunal) (Health, Education And Social Care Chamber) Rules 2008.\n\nDoctors\u2019 statements and reports must be written in line with the practice directions.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mental-health-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in England and am the closest living relative to my brother, who was sectioned under the Mental Health Act almost six months ago. I believe his admission has not been adequately reviewed during this period and wish to apply to the tribunal for his release.", + "original_question": "Can I request that my brother be re-examined by the tribunal doctor in advance of any hearing?" + }, + { + "id": "train-211", + "question": "Scenario: My Grandfather has been suffering with a serious illness for the past 6 months. He has been sectioned on more than one occasion and taken into hospital. I do not believe he has the mental capacity to look after his own finances anymore.\n\nQuestion: I have tried to speak to him and get him to agree for me to be his deputy, however he is refusing. Can I still apply for a one-off decision?\n\nDocument - Apply for a one-off decision from the Court of Protection:\n## Overview\n\nApply to the Court of Protection if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re concerned about the personal welfare or property and financial affairs of someone who\u2019s lost mental capacity\n\n- you want to get a one-off decision, for example to stop someone visiting a person who\u2019s lost mental capacity in a nursing home\n\nYou can only apply to the court if there\u2019s a major disagreement about a serious decision which cannot be agreed any other way. There are general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.\n\nCheck if someone has an attorney or deputy acting for them before you apply.\n\n## If there\u2019s an immediate risk to the person\n\nApply for an emergency or urgent court order if you think there\u2019s an immediate risk to the person, for example they need emergency medical treatment they cannot consent to.\n\n## If the person needs long-term help\n\nYou may have to apply to become a deputy if the person needs long-term help with decisions about personal welfare or property and financial affairs.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- an application form (COP1) - send the original and 2 copies\n\n- an assessment of capacity form (COP3) - get the person\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to fill in the relevant parts, and send the original and a copy\n\nYou may also need to download and fill in:\n\n- supporting information for property and financial affairs decisions (COP1A) - include any other relevant details by sending a completed witness form (COP24) with your application\n\n- supporting information for personal welfare applications (COP1B) - send the original and a copy\n\nYou must pay \u00a3365 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nSend a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your completed forms.\n\nRead the application form guidance notes (COP1) if you need help.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou must tell:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\n- people connected to the application\n\nTell them after you apply.\n\n## Tell other people you've applied\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms - they\u2019ll be stamped with an issue date.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get a letter from the court telling you what to do next.\n\nYou must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) certain people about the application within 14 days of the issue date.\n\n## Tell the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\nYou or your representative must visit the person and tell them:\n\n- who\u2019s applying to get a one-off decision about their personal welfare or property and financial affairs\n\n- that their ability to make decisions is being questioned\n\n- what the one-off decision would mean for them\n\n- where to get advice if they want to discuss the application\n\nYou must give the person:\n\n- a completed form COP 14 - use the guidance notes to fill it in yourself\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5), so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nThe person can get advice and assistance from the Court of Protection.\n\n## Tell people connected to the application\n\nYou must tell people named on your application that it\u2019s been issued.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirm you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)\n\nYou must confirm you\u2019ve told people within 7 days of sending the forms. Download and fill in both:\n\n- form (COP20A) for the person you\u2019re applying to get a one-off decision for\n\n- form (COP20B) for other people named in the application\n\nThese forms are sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019.\n\nYou must send both forms to the Court of Protection at the same time.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll hear from the Court of Protection after you\u2019ve \u2018served notice\u2019 (told other people you\u2019ve applied).\n\nThe court will tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services\n\n- it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to make a decision, and when and where it\u2019ll take place\n\n## If there\u2019s a hearing\n\nYou must attend the hearing. You\u2019ll get a letter with a hearing date (\u2018notice\u2019) if the court decides to have a hearing.\n\nYou must tell the person you\u2019re getting a decision for about the hearing:\n\n- within 14 days of getting the notice\n\n- at least 14 days before the date of the hearing\n\nFill in the notice about proceedings (COP14) and give it to the person you\u2019re getting a decision for. Use the guidance notes if you need help.\n\nThe person can contact the Court of Protection for advice and assistance - you must explain this to them.\n\nSend a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days of when you told the person.\n\nYou must pay \u00a3500 if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nIf there\u2019s a hearing, you\u2019ll get a decision at it or afterwards by post.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision by post if there is not a hearing.\n\n## Challenge a decision\n\nYou can apply to the court for the decision to be reconsidered if it was made without a hearing - use form (COP9).\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nYou must ask for permission to appeal if there was a hearing. Download and fill in the appellants\u2019 notice (COP35).\n\nYou must pay \u00a3230. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oneoff-decision-personal-welfare", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Grandfather has been suffering with a serious illness for the past 6 months. He has been sectioned on more than one occasion and taken into hospital. I do not believe he has the mental capacity to look after his own finances anymore.", + "original_question": "I have tried to speak to him and get him to agree for me to be his deputy, however he is refusing. Can I still apply for a one-off decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-212", + "question": "Scenario: I live in England with my two young children by my wife in our former family home; however, my wife moved out 3 years ago and I have applied for divorce on the grounds of desertion. Despite giving the court what I believed to be her current address, she has not responded over a month later.\n\nQuestion: Can I still go ahead and apply for a degree nisi?\n\nDocument - Get a divorce:\n## Check you can get a divorce\n\nYou can get divorced in England or Wales if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019ve been married for over a year\n\n- your relationship has permanently broken down\n\n- your marriage is legally recognised in the UK (including same-sex marriage)\n\n- the UK is your permanent home, or the permanent home of your husband or wife\n\nIf you do not want a divorce, you can get a legal separation so you can live apart without ending the marriage. You might also be able to annul the marriage. You can apply for separation or annulment during your first year of marriage.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nGetting a divorce is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Grounds for divorce\n\nWhen you apply for a divorce you\u2019ll need to prove that your marriage has broken down and cannot be saved. You\u2019ll need to give one or more of the following 5 reasons (also known as \u2018facts\u2019).\n\n## Adultery\n\nYour husband or wife had sexual intercourse with someone else of the opposite sex (committed adultery).\n\nYou cannot give adultery as a reason if you lived together as a couple for more than 6 months after you found out about it.\n\n## Unreasonable behaviour\n\nYour husband or wife has behaved in such a way that you cannot reasonably be expected to live with them.\n\nThis could include:\n\n- physical violence\n\n- verbal abuse, such as insults or threats\n\n- drunkenness or drug-taking\n\n- refusing to pay towards shared living expenses\n\n## Desertion\n\nYour husband or wife has left you for at least 2 years before you apply for divorce.\n\nYou can still claim desertion if you have lived together for up to a total of 6 months in this period, but that will not count towards the 2 years.\n\n## You\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years\n\nYou can apply for a divorce if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years before applying for divorce and you both agree to it.\n\nYour husband or wife must agree in writing.\n\nIt may be possible for you to show that you\u2019ve been separated while living in the same home as your wife or husband as long as you\u2019re not living together as a couple (for example you sleep and eat apart).\n\n## You\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years\n\nYou can apply for a divorce if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years before applying, even if your husband or wife disagrees.\n\n## Before you apply\n\nBefore you send in your application, you and your husband or wife can choose to work out:\n\n- arrangements for looking after any children\n\n- child maintenance payments for any children\n\nYou can also divide your money and property. There\u2019s a deadline if you want to make this legally binding.\n\nYou can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree about children, money and property and the reasons for ending your marriage.\n\n## Get help agreeing on issues\n\nYou can use a mediator. Check if you can get legal aid to help pay for mediation.\n\nYou can also get advice on making agreements from:\n\n- organisations near you\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n## If you\u2019re married to more than one person\n\nContact your regional divorce centre if you\u2019re married to more than one person (polygamy).\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply for a divorce you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your husband or wife\u2019s full name and address\n\n- your original marriage certificate or a certified copy (and a certified translation if it\u2019s not in English)\n\n- proof of your name change if you\u2019ve changed it since you got married - for example your marriage certificate or a deed poll\n\nYou must try to find your husband or wife\u2019s current address if you do not know it. The court will need it to send them a copy of the divorce petition.\n\nIf you name the person your husband or wife committed adultery with, they\u2019ll get copies of the paperwork.\n\n## Fee\n\nYou must pay a \u00a3550 fee to apply for a divorce. The way you pay depends on how you apply. Your fee will not be refunded after you are sent the notice that your application has been issued.\n\nYou may be able to get help with fees if you get benefits or are on a low income.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply for a divorce online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a debit or credit card to apply online.\n\n## Apply by post or in Welsh\n\nFill in a divorce application form D8 (\u2018divorce petition\u2019) to start a divorce.\n\nYou can get help filling in the form at a Citizens Advice office.\n\nSend 3 copies of the form to your nearest divorce centre. They\u2019ll send one copy to your husband or wife.\n\nYou need to send 4 copies if you named someone your husband or wife committed adultery with.\n\nKeep your own copy of the forms.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can either pay by:\n\n- debit or credit card - the divorce centre will call you to take payment\n\n- cheque - made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\n## What happens after you apply\n\nYour application will be checked. If it\u2019s correct, you\u2019ll be sent:\n\n- a notice that your application has been issued (sent out)\n\n- a copy of your application stamped by the divorce centre\n\n- a case number\n\nThis may take up to 10 days if you applied online or 1 month if you applied by post.\n\nThe court will send your husband or wife the divorce application and an \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 form. Your husband or wife will need to respond to your divorce application.\n\nIf you named someone your husband or wife committed adultery with, they\u2019ll also be sent a copy of the application and be asked to respond.\n\n## Your husband or wife responds\n\nThe acknowledgement of service form asks your husband or wife if they:\n\n- agree with the divorce\n\n- intend to try to prevent the divorce (defend it)\n\n- object to paying the costs (if you\u2019ve claimed them)\n\nYour husband or wife must respond within 8 days.\n\n## If they agree with the divorce\n\nYou can continue with the divorce by applying for a decree nisi.\n\n## If they defend the divorce\n\nYour husband or wife will have to complete an \u2018answer to divorce\u2019 form to say why they disagree with the divorce. They must do this within 28 days of getting the divorce application.\n\nIf they do not submit an \u2018answer to divorce\u2019 form, you can continue the divorce by applying for a decree nisi.\n\nIf they do submit an answer to divorce in time, you may have to go to court to discuss the case.\n\n## Apply for decree nisi\n\nYou can apply for a decree nisi if your husband or wife does not defend your divorce petition.\n\nA decree nisi is a document that says that the court does not see any reason why you cannot divorce.\n\nIf your husband or wife does not agree to the divorce, you can still apply for a decree nisi. However, you\u2019ll have to go to a court hearing to discuss the case, where a judge will decide whether to grant you a decree nisi.\n\nIf you already have a hearing date, the court will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo get a decree nisi, read the guidance and then fill in the application for a decree nisi.\n\nYou must also fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your divorce petition is true.\n\nThere are 5 statement forms - use the one that covers the reason you\u2019ve given for your divorce:\n\n- adultery statement\n\n- unreasonable behaviour statement\n\n- desertion statement\n\n- 2 years\u2019 separation statement\n\n- 5 years\u2019 separation statement\n\nAttach a copy of your husband\u2019s or wife\u2019s response to the divorce petition.\n\n## Getting a decree nisi\n\nIf the judge agrees, the court will send you and your husband or wife a certificate. This may take several weeks.\n\nThe certificate will tell you the time and date you\u2019ll be granted a decree nisi.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be married after the decree nisi has been granted. You\u2019ll have to wait 43 days (6 weeks and 1 day) before you can apply for a \u2018decree absolute\u2019 to actually end the marriage.\n\n## Your application is rejected\n\nYou may be sent a \u2018notice of refusal of judge\u2019s certificate\u2019 form, saying why you cannot divorce.\n\nThe form will tell you what to do next. The judge may want more information in writing, or you may have to go to a court hearing.\n\nYou can get legal advice if there\u2019s going to be a court hearing.\n\n## Apply for a decree absolute\n\nThe decree absolute is the legal document that ends your marriage.\n\nYou need to wait at least 43 days (6 weeks and 1 day) after the date of the decree nisi before you can apply for a decree absolute.\n\nApply within 12 months of getting the decree nisi - otherwise you will have to explain the delay to the court.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply for a decree absolute, fill in the notice of application for decree nisi to be made absolute form.\n\nIf you want a legally binding arrangement for dividing money and property you must apply to the court for this before you apply for a decree absolute.\n\n## Getting the decree absolute\n\nThe court will check that:\n\n- time limits have been met\n\n- there are no other reasons not to grant the divorce\n\nThe court will then send you both a decree absolute.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your decree absolute within:\n\n- 24 hours (Monday to Friday) if you applied online\n\n- 10 days if you applied by post\n\nIf a solicitor is acting for you, the decree absolute will be sent to them. You\u2019ll need to ask them for a copy.\n\nOnce you get the decree absolute, you are divorced, no longer married and free to marry again if you wish.\n\nKeep the decree absolute safe - you will need to show it if you remarry or to prove your marital status.\n\nIf you lose your decree absolute, you can apply to the court for a copy.\n\n## If you do not apply for the decree absolute\n\nYour husband or wife can apply for the decree absolute if you do not. They\u2019ll have to wait an extra 3 months to do this, on top of the standard 43 days.\n\n## If your husband or wife lacks mental capacity\n\nYou can apply for a divorce if your husband or wife \u2018lacks mental capacity\u2019 and cannot agree to a divorce or take part in the divorce case.\n\nYour husband or wife will need someone to make decisions for them during the divorce. The person who acts on their behalf is called a \u2018litigation friend\u2019. It can be a family member, close friend or someone else who can represent them.\n\n## Your husband or wife does not have a litigation friend\n\nIf there\u2019s no one suitable and willing to be their litigation friend, you can apply to the court to appoint a litigation friend.\n\nThe Official Solicitor may agree to act as your husband or wife\u2019s litigation friend when there\u2019s no one else to do this (\u2018litigation friend of last resort\u2019).\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Check there\u2019s nobody else suitable or willing to act as your husband or wife\u2019s litigation friend.\n\n- Check that there\u2019s money available for any costs the Official Solicitor has to pay. Your husband or wife may be able to get legal aid.\n\n- Give the details of your husband or wife\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to the court so it can ask for a certificate of capacity.\n\nIf the Official Solicitor agrees to act as litigation friend for your husband or wife, you\u2019ll be able to file for divorce.\n\n## Contact the Official Solicitor\u2019s staff\n\nEmail or call the private family law team if you have an enquiry about divorcing someone who lacks mental capacity. They cannot answer general questions about divorce.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/divorce", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in England with my two young children by my wife in our former family home; however, my wife moved out 3 years ago and I have applied for divorce on the grounds of desertion. Despite giving the court what I believed to be her current address, she has not responded over a month later.", + "original_question": "Can I still go ahead and apply for a degree nisi?" + }, + { + "id": "train-213", + "question": "Scenario: My cousin was admitted in a psychiatric hospital for a mental health issue. He mentioned that has recovered and want discharged. I applied to Mental Health Tribunal on behalf of him for the discharge.\n\nQuestion: He feels that he want to stay in psychiatric hospital for some more time for additional support. Can I withdraw my application ?\n\nDocument - Apply to the Mental Health Tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health) if you\u2019re admitted (\u2018detained\u2019) as a patient in a psychiatric hospital (\u2018sectioned\u2019) and want to be discharged.\n\nYou can apply on a patient\u2019s behalf if you\u2019re their:\n\n- legal representative\n\n- \u2018nearest relative\u2019\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nYou can also apply to the tribunal if you want to change:\n\n- a community treatment order\n\n- the conditions placed on your \u2018conditional discharge\u2019 from hospital\n\nThe tribunal deals with cases in England. There are different rules in Wales and rules in Scotland.\n\n## When to apply\n\nWhen you apply depends on how you were admitted - ask your doctor or lawyer (if you have one) if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nThere are deadlines for the first time you apply - you must apply within:\n\n- 14 days if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment (\u2018section 2\u2019)\n\n- 6 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019)\n\nGet legal advice if you\u2019re a \u2018restricted patient\u2019, for example you\u2019ve received an order from the Crown Court or been transferred from prison- the deadlines depend on your situation.\n\n## If you miss the deadline\n\nYou cannot apply to be discharged if you miss the deadline but you may be able to apply again later, for example after a year if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment (\u2018section 3\u2019).\n\nThe tribunal will automatically look at your case again after a certain period of time. This is sometimes known as a \u2018referral\u2019. The period of time depends on your case, for example:\n\n- if it\u2019s been 3 years since the tribunal gave you a hearing\n\n- you\u2019ve not had a hearing in the first 6 months of your detention\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get free legal help if you\u2019re a patient. It does not cost you anything as it\u2019s paid for by legal aid.\n\nFind a legal advisor near you or ask the tribunal to find one for you when you apply.\n\nYou can also get advice from:\n\n- Carers Direct\n\n- the charity Mind\n\n- the charity Rethink\n\n## Apply to the tribunal\n\nDownload and fill in an application to the First-tier Tribunal (Mental Health). You must include:\n\n- what you\u2019re applying for, for example discharge if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment or treatment\n\n- the patient\u2019s first name, surname and date of birth\n\n- full details of the care coordinator and hospital\n\n- the date of the section or order\n\n- contact details for the \u2018nearest relative\u2019 (if there is one)\n\n- your lawyer\u2019s details (if you have one)\n\n- whether you need an interpreter\n\n## Send the form\n\nPost or email the form to HM Courts and Tribunals Service. The contact details are on the form.\n\nContact the tribunal by phone or email if you have any questions about completing the form. The helpline and email address cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be told when the tribunal has received your application. You\u2019ll get information on your rights to legal representation if you did not include a lawyer\u2019s details in your application.\n\nYour \u2018nearest relative\u2019 will usually be told the date of the hearing - they can attend unless you object. Nearer the time of the hearing you\u2019ll be given copies of reports so that you can check that the information\u2019s correct and work out any questions you want to ask.\n\nThe date of the hearing depends on your situation. You\u2019ll usually get a hearing within:\n\n- 7 days of applying if you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment\n\n- 2 months if you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment\n\n- 4 months if you\u2019ve received an order from the Crown Court or been transferred from prison (known as a \u2018restricted patient\u2019)\n\n## Evidence from the tribunal doctor\n\nYou can ask for a pre-hearing examination with the tribunal doctor if you want one.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been admitted for assessment, do this in writing when you send your application to the tribunal.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been admitted for treatment or you\u2019re a restricted patient, you must do this at least 2 weeks before the hearing.\n\nWrite to:\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your pre-hearing examination may take place by video.\n\nThe tribunal will also ask the hospital for reports from:\n\n- your doctor\n\n- the social work and nursing teams responsible for your care\n\n- the Secretary of State for Justice if you\u2019re a restricted patient (and your social supervisor if you\u2019re living in the community on conditional discharge)\n\n## If you do not want to continue with your application\n\nWrite to the tribunal as soon as possible if you do not want to continue with your application. The tribunal will decide whether to accept your withdrawal.\n\nYou cannot withdraw your case if it was automatically referred to the tribunal, but you do not have to go to the hearing if you do not want to.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\nYou do not have to attend the hearing if you do not want to. You can bring a legal representative and a relative to the hearing if you do go - your representative can arrange for witnesses or experts to attend.\n\nHearings are usually held in private and attended by:\n\n- a judicial panel, made up of a judge, a doctor and a specialist lay member (for example a mental health social worker)\n\n- the patient\n\n- their hospital doctor, ward nurse and social worker\n\n- your legal representative, if you have one\n\nThe doctor, nurse and social worker will give evidence. You can also give evidence, and ask questions.\n\nThe tribunal will also look at:\n\n- your pre-hearing examination from the tribunal doctor, if you had one\n\n- an independent psychiatric report, if your legal representative asked for one\n\nIf you\u2019re a \u2018restricted patient\u2019 and have committed a serious offence against a person, they or their family can ask (or make \u2018representations\u2019) for certain conditions if the tribunal thinks you\u2019re ready for discharge.\n\n## Claim expenses\n\nYou may be able to claim expenses for going to the hearing. This includes money for:\n\n- travel costs\n\n- loss of earnings\n\n- food and drink, if you\u2019re away for more than 5 hours\n\nRead the guidance on claiming expenses.\n\n## The tribunal's decision\n\nThe tribunal usually decides at the end of the hearing on whether you should be discharged - you\u2019ll get the decision on the day, and you\u2019ll usually get full written reasons with 7 days of the hearing.\n\nThe tribunal can:\n\n- order your release (on the same day or at a future date)\n\n- recommend that you\u2019re transferred to a different hospital\n\n- recommend that your doctor considers you for treatment in the community\n\n- recommend that you\u2019re allowed to leave the hospital for periods of time, to see if you\u2019re ready for life in the community\n\nThe tribunal cannot change your treatment, for example medication.\n\n## Appeal\n\nIf you lose your case, you can ask the tribunal:\n\n- to cancel the decision - you must do this within 28 days of getting the written decision\n\n- for permission to appeal to a higher tribunal (the \u2018Upper Tribunal\u2019)\n\n## Ask the tribunal to cancel the decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to get a decision \u2018set aside\u2019 (cancelled) if you think there\u2019s been a mistake in the process, for example you were not told about the hearing so did not go.\n\nIf the tribunal cancels the decision, you may be able to get a new hearing.\n\nContact Citizens Advice if you need help.\n\n## Appeal to the Upper Tribunal\n\nYou can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you think there was a legal mistake, for example if they:\n\n- did not apply the correct law or wrongly interpreted the law\n\n- did not follow the correct procedures\n\n- had no evidence or not enough evidence to support its decision\n\nFill in the application for permission to appeal - the address is on the form.\n\nAnother judge will look to see if there\u2019s a legal problem with your case and if it needs to be heard again.\n\n## Complain\n\nYou cannot complain about the decision - you can only complain about the tribunal staff and the way the hearing took place.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on:\n\n- Mental Health Act 1983 (as amended by the Mental Health Act 2007)\n\n- Mental Health Act 2007\n\n- Human Rights Act 1998 if the case is about human rights\n\nThe tribunal must follow the Tribunal Procedure (First-Tier Tribunal) (Health, Education And Social Care Chamber) Rules 2008.\n\nDoctors\u2019 statements and reports must be written in line with the practice directions.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mental-health-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My cousin was admitted in a psychiatric hospital for a mental health issue. He mentioned that has recovered and want discharged. I applied to Mental Health Tribunal on behalf of him for the discharge.", + "original_question": "He feels that he want to stay in psychiatric hospital for some more time for additional support. Can I withdraw my application ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-214", + "question": "Scenario: I am moving to a new home provided by council. I am already on housing benefits and income support benefits. I am planning to buy some white goods but have no money\n\nQuestion: As I am already on benefits , will I be eligible for Budgeting Loans ?\n\nDocument - Budgeting Loans:\n## How they work\n\nA Budgeting Loan can help pay for:\n\n- furniture or household items (for example, washing machines or other \u2018white goods\u2019)\n\n- clothes or footwear\n\n- rent in advance\n\n- costs linked to moving house\n\n- maintenance, improvements or security for your home\n\n- travelling costs within the UK\n\n- costs linked to getting a new job\n\n- maternity costs\n\n- funeral costs\n\n- repaying hire purchase loans\n\n- repaying loans taken for the above items\n\nCrisis Loans are not available any more.\n\nYou may be eligible for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on certain benefits for 6 months.\n\nYou only have to pay back the amount you borrow, and repayments are taken automatically from your benefits.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Check if you're eligible\n\nTo get a Budgeting Loan you must have been getting one or more of these benefits for the past 6 months:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\nIf you moved from Universal Credit to Pension Credit, any time spent claiming Universal Credit will count towards the 6 months.\n\nYou cannot get a Budgeting Loan if:\n\n- you are currently claiming Universal Credit - apply for a Budgeting Advance instead\n\n- you\u2019re involved in industrial action (for example, a strike, walkout or lockout)\n\n- you owe more than \u00a31,500 in total for Crisis Loans and Budgeting Loans\n\nIf you live in Northern Ireland, go to Budgeting Loans in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you could get\n\nThe lowest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100. You could get up to:\n\n- \u00a3348 if you\u2019re single\n\n- \u00a3464 if you have a partner\n\n- \u00a3812 if you or your partner claim Child Benefit\n\nHow much you could get depends on whether you:\n\n- can pay the loan back\n\n- have savings of more than \u00a31,000 (\u00a32,000 if you or your partner are 63 or over)\n\n- are paying back an existing Budgeting Loan or Crisis Loan\n\n## Paying back the loan\n\nA Budgeting Loan is interest free so you only pay back what you borrow.\n\nThe repayments will be taken automatically from your benefits. The amount you repay is based on your income - including any benefits you receive - and what you can afford.\n\nAfter you apply for a Budgeting Loan, you\u2019ll get an email, text or letter telling you if you\u2019ve been offered a loan. This explains how much your weekly repayments will be if you accept the loan.\n\nYou normally have to repay the loan within 2 years (104 weeks). If you stop getting benefits, you\u2019ll need to arrange another way to repay.\n\n## Apply\n\nCheck you\u2019re eligible before you apply.\n\nIf you get Universal Credit you cannot get a Budgeting Loan. You\u2019ll need to apply for a Budgeting Advance\u00a0instead.\n\nYou can apply online or using the paper form. It\u2019s quicker to apply online.\n\n## Apply online\n\nWhen you apply online, you can choose to get a decision on your loan by either:\n\n- email\n\n- text message\n\n- letter\n\nIt\u2019s quicker to get the decision by email or text message and accept it online.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to apply for a Budgeting Loan in Northern Ireland.\n\nApply online\n\n## Apply using the paper form\n\nYou will need to fill in form SF500. You can:\n\n- download and print the form\n\n- phone the Social Fund Enquiry Line and ask for a form to be posted to you - allow 7 days for the form to arrive\n\nReturn your completed form by post.\n\n## After you apply\n\nAfter you apply you will be given a decision on your application. You need to accept the decision before you get your money.\n\n## If you apply online\n\nYou\u2019ll find out if you\u2019ve been offered a loan within:\n\n- 7 days if you get the decision by text or email\n\n- 21 days if you get the decision by letter\n\n## If you apply by post\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you if you\u2019ve been offered a loan within 21 days.\n\n## Accepting the loan\n\nHow you accept the loan depends on how you applied.\n\n## Accept online\n\nYou can accept the loan offer online by following the instructions in the text or email.\n\n## Accept by post\n\nYou can accept by signing page 4 of the acceptance letter and returning it in the pre-paid envelope provided. Make sure the reply slip is folded so that the return address is fully visible in the envelope window.\n\nReturn it to the address on the letter. Do not send it to your local Jobcentre Plus office as this may delay getting your loan.\n\n## Getting your money\n\nYou\u2019ll get your money within:\n\n- 7 days of accepting the loan offer online\n\n- 21 days of your loan offer acceptance being received by post\n\nThe money will be paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a text message confirming this has been done.\n\n## Questions about your application\n\nCall the Social Fund Enquiry Line if you have a question about the progress of your application.\n\nYou should wait:\n\n- 14 days before phoning if you applied online\n\n- 21 days before phoning if you applied by post\n\nYour application may not have been processed before then.\n\n## Other help you can get\n\nYou may be able to get other kinds of support, including:\n\n- help from your local council and Jobcentre Plus\n\n- the Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales\n\n- a Crisis Grant or Community Care Grant in Scotland\n\n- Discretionary Support or a Short-term Benefit Advance in Northern Ireland", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/budgeting-help-benefits", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am moving to a new home provided by council. I am already on housing benefits and income support benefits. I am planning to buy some white goods but have no money", + "original_question": "As I am already on benefits , will I be eligible for Budgeting Loans ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-216", + "question": "Scenario: I came to UK on a study visa and brought my family with me. I am 19 and have a 6 months old baby. I was assessed and told that I am eligible for Care to Learn scheme\n\nQuestion: Can I use the money for travel expenses?\n\nDocument - Care to Learn:\n## Overview\n\nThe Care to Learn scheme can help with childcare costs while you study.\n\nYou must be aged under 20 at the start of your course.\n\nThe scheme is available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses in:\n\n- schools\n\n- sixth-forms in schools\n\n- sixth-form colleges\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a3160 per child per week if you live outside London\n\n- \u00a3175 per child per week if you live in London\n\n## What it covers\n\nCare to Learn can help with the cost of:\n\n- your childcare, including deposit and registration fees\n\n- a childcare taster session for up to 5 days\n\n- keeping your childcare place over the summer holidays\n\n- taking your child to their childcare provider\n\n## Payments\n\nChildcare payments go directly to your childcare provider.\n\nBefore they can be paid:\n\n- your childcare provider needs to confirm your child\u2019s attendance\n\n- your school or college needs to confirm that you\u2019re attending your course\n\nTravel payments go direct to your school or college - they\u2019ll either pay you or arrange travel for you.\n\n## When payments stop\n\nPayments end when:\n\n- you stop attending your course\n\n- you reach the end of your course\n\n- your child stops attending childcare\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get Care to Learn if all of the following apply to you:\n\n- you\u2019re a parent under 20 at the start of your course\n\n- you\u2019re the main carer for your child\n\n- you live in England\n\n- you\u2019re either a British citizen or have a legal right to live and study in England\n\n- your course qualifies\n\n- your childcare provider qualifies\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.\n\n## Your course\n\nCare to Learn is only available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses that take place in:\n\n- schools\n\n- sixth-forms in schools\n\n- sixth-form colleges\n\n- other colleges and learning providers, including Foundation Learning\n\n- your community at Children\u2019s Centres\n\nYour learning provider can tell you if your course is eligible.\n\n## Your childcare provider\n\nTo qualify, your childcare provider must be registered with Ofsted.\n\nThey can be a:\n\n- childminder\n\n- preschool playgroup\n\n- day nursery\n\n- out of school club\n\n## Who cannot get Care to Learn\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible if:\n\n- you\u2019re an apprentice who gets a salary\n\n- you\u2019re doing a higher education course at university\n\n## Apply for Care to Learn\n\nYou must choose your learning provider and childcare provider before you apply.\n\nYou need to make a new application for each year you study.\n\nYour childcare provider is paid from the beginning of your course if you apply either:\n\n- before your course starts\n\n- within 28 days of starting your course\n\nIf you apply after that, your childcare provider will only be paid from the beginning of the week that your application was received.\n\nApply online for Care to Learn.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nYou must give your learning provider either:\n\n- a copy of the child\u2019s birth certificate\n\n- a letter confirming receipt of Child Benefit for that child\n\n## If you qualify\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter and a payment plan telling you what financial help you can get.\n\nYour childcare provider will only be paid after you\u2019ve provided this.\n\nYour childcare provider will also get the payment plan to let them know when they\u2019ll be paid.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for travel costs, your learning provider will be told about payments for this.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must report changes to your:\n\n- personal details\n\n- childcare provider\n\n- hours of childcare\n\n- travel costs\n\n- learning provider\n\nYou can do this by updating your online application.\n\n## Benefits\n\nClaiming Care to Learn will not affect your family\u2019s benefits or allowances.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/care-to-learn", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I came to UK on a study visa and brought my family with me. I am 19 and have a 6 months old baby. I was assessed and told that I am eligible for Care to Learn scheme", + "original_question": "Can I use the money for travel expenses?" + }, + { + "id": "train-217", + "question": "Scenario: I am 45 and a carer of a 80 years old disabled woman. I spend 25 hours per week caring for her. I want to maintain my National insurance record because I don't want it affect my future state pension like it happened to my sister.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim Carers Credit?\n\nDocument - Carer's Credit:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get Carer\u2019s Credit if you\u2019re caring for someone for at least 20 hours a week.\n\nCarer\u2019s Credit is a National Insurance credit that helps with gaps in your National Insurance record. Your State Pension is based on your National Insurance record.\n\nYour income, savings or investments will not affect eligibility for Carer\u2019s Credit.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for Carer\u2019s Credit, you can get credits to help fill gaps in your National Insurance record.\n\nThis means you can take on caring responsibilities without affecting your ability to qualify for the State Pension.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get Carer\u2019s Credit you must be:\n\n- aged 16 or over\n\n- under State Pension age\n\n- looking after one or more people for at least 20 hours a week\n\nThe person you\u2019re looking after must get one of the following:\n\n- Disability Living Allowance care component at the middle or highest rate\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance\n\n- Personal Independence Payment - daily living component, at the standard or enhanced rate\n\n- Armed Forces Independence Payment\n\nIf the person you\u2019re caring for does not get one of these benefits, you may still be able to get Carer\u2019s Credit. When you apply, fill in the \u2018Care Certificate\u2019 part of the application form and get a health or social care professional to sign it.\n\nCarers who do not qualify for Carer\u2019s Allowance may qualify for Carer\u2019s Credit.\n\n## Breaks in caring and eligibility\n\nYou can still get Carer\u2019s Credit even if you have breaks from caring (up to 12 weeks in a row).\n\nFor example, you\u2019ll still get Carer\u2019s Credit for 12 weeks if:\n\n- you take a short holiday\n\n- someone you look after goes into hospital\n\n- you go into hospital\n\nKeep the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit updated if you have a break in caring of more than 12 weeks in a row.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou do not need to apply for Carer\u2019s Credit if you:\n\n- get Carer\u2019s Allowance - you\u2019ll automatically get credits\n\n- get Child Benefit for a child under the age of 12 - you\u2019ll automatically get credits\n\n- are a foster carer - you can apply for National Insurance credits instead\n\n## Apply using a form\n\nDownload the Carer\u2019s Credit claim form.\n\nThe form includes a Care Certificate - ask a health or social care professional to sign it for you.\n\nYou can also get the form by calling the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Carer\u2019s Allowance Unit to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## Where to send your form\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/carers-credit", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 45 and a carer of a 80 years old disabled woman. I spend 25 hours per week caring for her. I want to maintain my National insurance record because I don't want it affect my future state pension like it happened to my sister.", + "original_question": "Can I claim Carers Credit?" + }, + { + "id": "train-218", + "question": "Scenario: I am a deputy for my 80 year old father who has Alzheimer's disease and currently resides in residential care in England. Before the deputyship began, but in my opinion while he was already suffering from dementia, he changed his will to leave a substantial amount of money to a former family friend. I do not think he was in his right state of mind when doing this and my family and I all agree that we do not think the will represents his true wishes.\n\nQuestion: As his deputy, can I change the will again to better reflect what we feel are my father's true wishes?\n\nDocument - Deputies: make decisions for someone who lacks capacity:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to become someone\u2019s deputy if they \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019. This means they cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made. They may still be able to make decisions for themselves at certain times.\n\nPeople may lack mental capacity because, for example:\n\n- they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness\n\n- they have dementia\n\n- they have severe learning disabilities\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019ll be authorised by the Court of Protection to make decisions on their behalf.\n\n## Types of deputy\n\nThere are 2 types of deputy.\n\n## Property and financial affairs deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll do things like pay the person\u2019s bills or organise their pension.\n\n## Personal welfare deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll make decisions about medical treatment and how someone is looked after.\n\nYou cannot become someone\u2019s personal welfare deputy if they\u2019re under 16. Get legal advice if you think the court needs to make a decision about their care.\n\nThe court will usually only appoint a personal welfare deputy if:\n\n- there\u2019s doubt whether decisions will be made in someone\u2019s best interests, for example because the family disagree about care\n\n- someone needs to be appointed to make decisions about a specific issue over time, for example where someone will live\n\nRead the full guidance about when you need to make a personal welfare application.\n\n## Becoming a deputy\n\nYou can apply to be just one type of deputy or both. If you\u2019re appointed, you\u2019ll get a court order saying what you can and cannot do.\n\nWhen you become a deputy, you must send an annual report to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made.\n\n## How to apply\n\nCheck you meet the requirements to be a deputy.\n\nSend the application forms to the Court of Protection and pay the application fee.\n\nYou do not need to be a deputy if you\u2019re just looking after someone\u2019s benefits. Apply to become an appointee instead.\n\n## Checks on your application\n\nThe Court of Protection will check:\n\n- whether the person needs a deputy or some other kind of help\n\n- there are no objections to your appointment\n\nIf you\u2019re appointed, the Office of the Public Guardian will help you carry out your responsibilities.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to be a deputy until your court order is changed, cancelled or expires.\n\n## Other ways to make decisions for someone\n\nIf you want to make a single important decision, you can apply to the Court of Protection for a one-off order.\n\nIf the person already has a lasting power of attorney (LPA) or enduring power of attorney (EPA), they do not usually need a deputy. Check if they have an LPA or EPA before you apply.\n\n## Who can apply to be a deputy\n\nYou can apply to be a deputy if you\u2019re 18 or over. Deputies are usually close relatives or friends of the person who needs help making decisions.\n\nIf you want to become a property and affairs deputy, you need to have the skills to make financial decisions for someone else.\n\nThe court can appoint 2 or more deputies for the same person.\n\n## When there\u2019s more than one deputy\n\nWhen you apply, tell the court how you\u2019ll make decisions if you\u2019re not the only deputy. It will be either:\n\n- together (\u2018joint deputyship\u2019), which means all the deputies have to agree on the decision\n\n- separately or together (\u2018jointly and severally\u2019), which means deputies can make decisions on their own or with other deputies\n\n## Other types of deputy\n\nSome people are paid to act as deputies, for example accountants, solicitors or representatives of the local authority.\n\nThe Court of Protection can appoint a specialist deputy (called a \u2018panel deputy\u2019) from a list of approved law firms and charities if no one else is available.\n\n## Responsibilities\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019re responsible for helping someone make decisions or making decisions on their behalf.\n\nYou must consider someone\u2019s level of mental capacity every time you make a decision for them - you cannot assume it\u2019s the same at all times and for all kinds of things.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a court order from the Court of Protection which says what you can and cannot do. There are also general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.\n\n## Guidance for all deputies\n\nWhen you\u2019re making a decision, you must:\n\n- make sure it\u2019s in the other person\u2019s best interests\n\n- consider what they\u2019ve done in the past\n\n- apply a high standard of care - this might mean involving other people, for example getting advice from relatives and professionals like doctors\n\n- do everything you can to help the other person understand the decision, for example explain what\u2019s going to happen with the help of pictures or sign language\n\n- add the decisions to your annual report\n\nYou must not:\n\n- restrain the person, unless it\u2019s to stop them coming to harm\n\n- stop life-sustaining medical treatment\n\n- take advantage of the person\u2019s situation, for example abuse them or profit from a decision you\u2019ve taken on their behalf\n\n- make a will for the person, or change their existing will\n\n- make gifts unless the court order says you can\n\n- hold any money or property in your own name on the person\u2019s behalf\n\n## Property and affairs deputies\n\nYou must make sure:\n\n- your own property and money is separate from the other person\u2019s\n\n- you keep records of the finances you manage on their behalf in your annual report\n\nYou may need to manage a Court Funds Office account on the other person\u2019s behalf.\n\nYou could be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years (or both) if you mistreat or neglect the person on purpose.\n\n## Apply to be a deputy\n\nYou need to download and fill in all of the following:\n\n- an application form (COP1) - you\u2019ll need to send the original form plus a copy when you apply\n\n- an assessment of capacity form (COP3)\n\n- a deputy\u2019s declaration (COP4)\n\nYou also need to download and fill in:\n\n- a supporting information form (COP1A) if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy\n\n- a supporting information form (COP1B) if you\u2019re applying to be a personal welfare deputy\n\nYou must name at least 3 people in your application who know the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for. For example, their relatives, a social worker or doctor.\n\nThe court may not accept your application if you do not send the \u2018assessment of capacity\u2019 (COP3) form.\n\nIf you cannot get an assessment, you must download and fill in a witness statement (COP24) to explain why you think the person you\u2019re applying about lacks capacity.\n\nYou should keep a copy of every form you fill in.\n\n## Where to send your forms\n\nSend the forms, including 2 copies of the application form (COP1), to the Court of Protection with a cheque for the application fee.\n\n## Tell people named in your application\n\nThe court will aim to send you a stamped copy of your application within a week of receiving it. This means your application is being considered (it has been \u2018issued\u2019). You\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining what to do next.\n\nWithin 14 days of the application being issued, you must tell (sometimes called \u2018serving\u2019) the following people:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for\n\n- at least 3 people named in your application as having an interest, for example the person\u2019s relatives, social worker or doctor\n\nIf you cannot tell 3 people you should send in a witness statement (COP24).\n\n## Tell the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for\n\nYou or your representative must visit the person and tell them:\n\n- who\u2019s applying to be their deputy\n\n- that their ability to make decisions is being questioned\n\n- what having a deputy would mean for them\n\n- where to get advice if they want to discuss the application\n\nDuring the visit give them:\n\n- a completed proceedings notification form (COP14) - use the guidance notes to fill this in yourself\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\n## Tell people connected to your application\n\nYou must tell 3 people named on your application that it has been issued.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirming that you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)\n\nWithin 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the relevant forms (sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for (COP20A)\n\n- other people named in the application (COP20B)\n\nSend them all together to the Court of Protection.\n\n## Fees\n\nYou must pay:\n\n- a fee to apply to be a deputy\n\n- a supervision fee every year after you\u2019ve been appointed\n\nYou may also have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy.\n\n## When you apply\n\nYou must pay a \u00a3365 application fee. Send this with your application form.\n\nYou need to pay the application fee twice if you\u2019re applying to become both types of deputy.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a3485 if the court decides your case needs a hearing. The court will tell you when you need to pay this.\n\nMake all cheques payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\n## Security bonds for property and affairs deputies\n\nYou may have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy. This is a type of insurance that protects the finances of the person you\u2019re a deputy for.\n\nYou do not have to set up a bond if either:\n\n- you\u2019re representing a local authority\n\n- the court decides it\u2019s not necessary, for example if the person\u2019s estate has a low value\n\nIf you need to set one up, you\u2019ll get a letter from the court telling you this. The letter will explain what to do next.\n\nYou set up the bond with a security bond provider. The amount you pay depends on:\n\n- the value of the estate of the person you\u2019re a deputy for\n\n- how much of their estate you control\n\nYou can pay it either:\n\n- using the person\u2019s money\n\n- yourself - you can get the money back from the person\u2019s estate once you have access to it\n\nYou may be prosecuted if you misuse the person\u2019s money.\n\n## After you\u2019ve been appointed\n\nYou must pay an annual supervision fee depending on what level of supervision your deputyship needs. You\u2019ll pay:\n\n- \u00a3320 for general supervision\n\n- \u00a335 for minimal supervision - this applies to some property and affairs deputies managing less than \u00a321,000\n\nYour annual supervision fee is due on 31 March for the previous year.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay a \u00a3100 assessment fee if you\u2019re a new deputy.\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will tell you how and when to pay your assessment and supervision fees.\n\nYou may be able to claim a refund of your fees in certain situations.\n\n## Getting help with your application fee\n\nYou may not have to pay an application fee depending on:\n\n- what type of deputy you\u2019re applying to be\n\n- how much money you or the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for has\n\n| Type of deputy | Whose finances will be assessed |\n\n| Property and financial affairs | Theirs |\n\n| Personal welfare | Yours |\n\nThe guidance has information about getting help with your fees.\n\nYou can claim back the fee from the funds of the person you want to be a deputy for if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy.\n\nThe fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving the application.\n\n## Getting help with your supervision fees\n\nYou can apply for an exemption or reduction of the fee if the person you\u2019re a deputy for gets certain benefits or has an income below \u00a312,000. Read the guidance that comes with the form and apply if the person meets the requirements. The address is on the form.\n\nIf the person you\u2019re deputy for dies, you pay the supervision fee for the part of the year when you acted as deputy. For example, you\u2019ll have to pay \u00a317.50 if your minimal supervision deputyship comes to an end after 6 months.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nThere\u2019s a 14-day wait after you tell the other people involved that you applied, in case they object.\n\nThe Court of Protection will then review your application and tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you need to set up a security bond before you can be appointed\n\n- you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services\n\n- it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to get more information, for example if someone objected\n\nThere\u2019s usually no hearing if you applied to be a property and financial affairs deputy.\n\nRead guidance on how coronavirus (COVID-19) might affect your hearing and what you should bring.\n\n## Tell the person you want to be a deputy for about the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a notice with the date of the hearing if the court decides to hold one. You must visit the person you want to be deputy for and tell them about it:\n\n- within 14 days of getting the notice\n\n- at least 14 days before the date of the hearing\n\nGive them a completed notice about proceedings (COP14). Use the guidance notes to fill it in.\n\nYou must explain that they can contact Court of Protection staff for advice and assistance.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve told them, send a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.\n\nThe guidance explains what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.\n\n## When you're appointed\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a \u2018court order\u2019 telling you what you can and cannot do as a deputy. When you have this, you can start acting on the person\u2019s behalf.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the court order:\n\n- as soon as you\u2019re appointed - if you\u2019re a personal welfare deputy\n\n- after you set up a security bond - if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and have been asked to do this by the court\n\nYou\u2019ll need a separate court order before you can:\n\n- sell a property that\u2019s jointly owned if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy\n\n- make a one-off decision on anything else that\u2019s not covered by the court order\n\nCheck the court order. If there are any mistakes, download and fill in form COP9 with the details and send it to the court within 21 days of receiving the court order. There is no fee.\n\n## Tell people and organisations you\u2019re a deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll get official copies of the court order to send to banks and building societies, for example. These prove you\u2019re acting on behalf of the other person. When you send out an official copy, ask for it to be returned.\n\nOrder extra copies of the court order by writing to the Court of Protection. They cost \u00a35 each.\n\n## Start managing a bank account\n\nBefore you can manage an account, you must show the bank:\n\n- the original court order, or an official copy of it\n\n- proof of your name, for example your passport or driving licence\n\n- proof of your address, for example a gas, electricity or council tax bill, or letter from a government department\n\n- proof of the name or address of the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for - if they\u2019re not the same as on the bank account\n\n## Court Funds Office accounts\n\nIf the person you\u2019re deputy for has money in a Court Funds Office account, you\u2019ll be sent information about how to access it.\n\nYou can also apply to open an account with the Court Funds Office if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and it\u2019s in the person\u2019s best interests.\n\n## Record your decisions and transactions\n\nYou can start your annual report to record your decisions and transactions, such as paying bills.\n\n## Supervision, support and visits\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019ll be supervised by the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG). They\u2019re authorised to contact you or visit you to check you\u2019re being an effective deputy. They can also give you advice and support.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be supervised\n\nNew deputies get a \u2018general\u2019 level of supervision for their first year.\n\nAfter that, if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy you\u2019ll move to \u2018minimal\u2019 supervision if both:\n\n- you\u2019re managing less than \u00a321,000\n\n- you no longer need a general level of supervision\n\nYou\u2019ll pay a lower fee and have to write a shorter annual report than deputies with general supervision.\n\n## Supervision visits\n\nYou may be visited by a Court of Protection visitor to check if you:\n\n- understand your duties\n\n- have the right level of support from OPG\n\n- are carrying out your duties properly\n\n- are being investigated because of a complaint\n\nThe visitor will call you to arrange the visit and explain why they\u2019re visiting.\n\n## Contact OPG\n\nTell OPG if you\u2019re planning to make an important decision, for example you want to sell the property of the person you\u2019re deputy for so they can move into a care home.\n\n## Accounts, gifts and expenses\n\nYou must keep accounts and follow the rules for gifts and expenses if you\u2019re acting as deputy for someone else. You must also record the transactions in your annual report.\n\n## Accounts\n\nAs a property and affairs deputy, you must keep copies of:\n\n- bank statements\n\n- contracts for services or tradespeople\n\n- receipts\n\n- letters and emails about your activities as a deputy\n\n## Gifts\n\nYour court order will say if you can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the other person, including donations to charities. It will also say if there\u2019s an annual limit on how much money you can use for gifts.\n\nGifts must be reasonable. You need to make sure any gifts do not reduce the level of care the person you\u2019re deputy for can afford.\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if you want to make a one-off large gift for Inheritance Tax purposes, for example.\n\n## Expenses\n\nYou can claim expenses for things you must do to carry out your role as deputy, for example phone calls, postage and travel costs. You cannot claim:\n\n- travel costs for social visits\n\n- for the time spent carrying out your duties (unless you\u2019re a professional deputy, for example a solicitor)\n\nYou may be asked to give a detailed report of what you spent. You\u2019ll have to pay the money back if the Office of the Public Guardian finds your expenses are unreasonable. They may ask the court to stop you being a deputy if they think you\u2019ve been dishonest.\n\n## Complete your deputy report\n\nYou must write a report each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made as a deputy. You might be asked to do this more often if the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) needs additional information.\n\nYou may also need to write a final report if you stop being a deputy.\n\nIf you\u2019re a public authority or professional deputy using the service for the first time, you need to contact your case manager to register first. If you\u2019re a deputy for a friend or family member, you can create an account online.\n\nStart now\n\nOr you can download and fill in a paper annual report form. The address you need to send it to is on the form.\n\n## What to include\n\nYour report must include:\n\n- the reasons for your decisions and why they were in the best interests of the person you\u2019re deputy for\n\n- who you spoke to and why what they said was in the person\u2019s best interests\n\n- the finances of the person if you\u2019re their property and financial deputy\n\nThe OPG will tell you when it\u2019s time to send it.\n\nIf you do not send the report the OPG might:\n\n- increase your level of supervision\n\n- ask the court to replace you with a different deputy\n\n## Change your deputyship or make a one-off decision\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if you have to:\n\n- renew your deputyship\n\n- change your deputyship, for example make decisions that are not in the original order\n\n- make a one-off decision on something not covered by your court order\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in both:\n\n- an application form (COP 1)\n\n- a witness statement form (COP24) with a copy of the current order appointing you as a deputy attached\n\nYour witness statement should include:\n\n- the total annual income of the person you\u2019re a deputy for including pensions\n\n- a summary of their assets, for example bank balances, savings, investments\n\n- details of property they own\n\n- the annual cost of their care and other regular items of major expenditure\n\n- the value of the security bond set by the court\n\n- a description of the circumstances that have led to the application being made\n\nSend the Court of Protection:\n\n- the completed forms\n\n- a cheque for the application fee - \u00a3365 - payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nYou can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nIf you need help with changing your deputyship, call the Court of Protection.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou may have to notify other people about the change to the court order if the court tells you to.\n\nThey can object or ask the court to reconsider any proposed changes they do not agree with. They can do this:\n\n- before the court order is issued\n\n- up to 21 days after the court order is issued\n\n## End your deputyship\n\nIf you no longer want or need to be a deputy, download and fill in the application notice (COP1) and send it to the Court of Protection.\n\nIf the person has recovered mental capacity, download and fill in form COP 9. Send it to the Court of Protection with any supporting evidence, for example a doctor\u2019s letter.\n\nYou cannot stop being a deputy until you\u2019ve got the relevant court order.\n\n## If the person you\u2019re deputy for dies\n\nContact the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and the Court of Protection to tell them that the person has died.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to send evidence to OPG that the person has died, for example a death certificate. Check the full list of evidence that OPG accepts.\n\nYour security bond will remain in force for 2 years after the death of the person you\u2019re a deputy for unless there\u2019s a court order cancelling it.\n\nContact the Court Funds Office if the person you were deputy for had an account with them.\n\nRead more about how to be a deputy.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-deputy", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a deputy for my 80 year old father who has Alzheimer's disease and currently resides in residential care in England. Before the deputyship began, but in my opinion while he was already suffering from dementia, he changed his will to leave a substantial amount of money to a former family friend. I do not think he was in his right state of mind when doing this and my family and I all agree that we do not think the will represents his true wishes.", + "original_question": "As his deputy, can I change the will again to better reflect what we feel are my father's true wishes?" + }, + { + "id": "train-219", + "question": "Scenario: My wife and I have recently had our first child. She plans to give up work and be a full-time Mum for the first few years at least, while I stay in work. We're concerned about the impact my wife not working might have on her pension entitlement.\n\nQuestion: Would it be better for my wife to claim child benefit instead of me?\n\nDocument - Claim Child Benefit:\n## How it works\n\nYou get Child Benefit if you\u2019re responsible for bringing up a child who is:\n\n- under 16\n\n- under 20 if they stay in approved education or training\n\nOnly one person can get Child Benefit for a child.\n\nIt\u2019s paid every 4 weeks and there\u2019s no limit to how many children you can claim for.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nBy claiming Child Benefit:\n\n- you can get National Insurance credits which count towards your State Pension\n\n- your child will automatically get a National Insurance number when they\u2019re 16 years old\n\nIf you choose not to get Child Benefit payments, you should still fill in and send off the claim form.\n\n## If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000\n\nYou may have to pay back some of your Child Benefit in tax if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must report any change of circumstances to the Child Benefit Office.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere are 2 Child Benefit rates.\n\n| Who the allowance is for | Rate (weekly) |\n\n| Eldest or only child | \u00a321.15 |\n\n| Additional children | \u00a314 per child |\n\nYou must contact the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re paid too much or too little.\n\nThe benefit cap may affect the total amount of benefits you get, including Child Benefit.\n\n## How and when Child Benefit is paid\n\nChild Benefit is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Monday or Tuesday.\n\nYou can have the money paid weekly if you\u2019re a single parent or getting certain other benefits, such as Income Support.\n\nYou can get the money paid into any account, apart from a Nationwide cashbuilder account (sort code 070030) in someone else\u2019s name.\n\nYou can only get the money paid into one account.\n\n## Child Benefit and your State Pension\n\nIf your child is under 12 and you\u2019re not working or do not earn enough to pay National Insurance contributions, Child Benefit can give you National Insurance credits.\n\nThese credits count towards your State Pension, so you do not have gaps in your National Insurance record.\n\n## If families split up\n\nIf a family splits up, you get \u00a321.15 a week for the eldest child.\n\nIf you have 2 children and one stays with you and the other stays with your ex-partner, you\u2019ll both get \u00a321.15 a week for each child.\n\nIf you both claim for the same child, only one of you will get Child Benefit for them.\n\nIf you have other children who are entitled to Child Benefit, you\u2019ll get \u00a314 for each child.\n\n## If families join together\n\nIf 2 families join together, the eldest child in the new family qualifies for the \u00a321.15 rate and any other children who are eligible will get the \u00a314 rate.\n\n## If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000\n\nYou can get Child Benefit if your (or your partner\u2019s) individual income is over \u00a350,000, but you may be taxed on the benefit. This is known as the High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge.\n\nIf your partner\u2019s income is also over \u00a350,000 but yours is higher, you\u2019re responsible for paying the tax charge. You need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return each tax year and pay what you owe.\n\nUse the Child Benefit tax calculator to estimate how much tax you may have to pay.\n\nOnce you earn \u00a360,000 you lose all of your benefit through tax.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nOnly one person can get Child Benefit for a child.\n\nYou normally qualify for Child Benefit if you\u2019re responsible for a child under 16 (or under 20 if they stay in approved education or training) and you live in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be responsible for a child if you live with them or you\u2019re paying at least the same amount as Child Benefit (or the equivalent in kind) towards looking after them, for example on food, clothes or pocket money.\n\nEligibility rules are different if your child:\n\n- goes into hospital or care\n\n- lives with someone else\n\nChild Benefit continues for 20 weeks if 16 or 17 year olds leave education or training and register with the armed services or a government-sponsored careers service.\n\n## Fostering a child\n\nYou\u2019ll get Child Benefit if you foster a child, as long as the local council is not paying anything towards their accommodation or maintenance.\n\n## Adopting a child\n\nYou can apply for Child Benefit as soon as any child you\u2019re adopting comes to live with you - you do not have to wait until the adoption process is complete.\n\nYou might be able to get Child Benefit for a period before the adoption - contact the Child Benefit Office to find out.\n\n## Looking after someone else\u2019s child\n\nYou may be able to get Child Benefit if you\u2019ve got an informal arrangement to look after a friend or relative\u2019s child.\n\nYou might not qualify if your local council is paying towards the child\u2019s accommodation or maintenance - contact the Child Benefit Office to find out.\n\nTwo people cannot get Child Benefit for the same child - if you want to make a claim, you must agree it with the person who\u2019s currently claiming. HMRC will decide who receives the Child Benefit if you cannot agree.\n\nYou may also be entitled to Guardian\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re responsible for a child who has lost one or both of their parents.\n\n## Living abroad\n\nYou may be able to get Child Benefit if you go to live in certain countries or if you\u2019re a Crown servant.\n\n## If you\u2019ve moved to the UK\n\nYou may be able to get Child Benefit if you have moved to the UK and you have a \u2018right to reside\u2019.\n\n## If your child starts work or gets benefits in their own right\n\nYou\u2019ll stop receiving Child Benefit immediately if your child:\n\n- starts paid work for 24 hours or more a week and is no longer in approved education or training\n\n- starts an apprenticeship in England\n\n- starts getting certain benefits in their own right, such as Income Support, Employment and Support Allowance or tax credits\n\n## If you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000\n\nYou\u2019ll still be eligible for Child Benefit even if you choose to stop receiving it. You can always change your mind and restart your payments.\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re not sure about your eligibility.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim Child Benefit as soon as you\u2019ve registered the birth of your child, or they come to live with you.\n\nIf you\u2019re not able to register the birth of your child because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you can still make a claim to receive Child Benefit.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt can take 6 to 12 weeks to process a new Child Benefit claim (or longer if you\u2019re new to the UK). Child Benefit can be backdated for up to 3 months.\n\n## Deciding who should claim\n\nOnly one person can get Child Benefit for a child, so you need to decide whether it\u2019s better for you or the other parent to claim. The person who claims will get National Insurance credits towards their state pension if they are not working or earn less than \u00a3184 per week.\n\n## Make a claim for the first time\n\nFill in Child Benefit claim form CH2 and send it to the Child Benefit Office. The address is on the form.\n\nIf your child is adopted, send their original adoption certificate with the form. You can order a new adoption certificate if you\u2019ve lost the original.\n\nIf you do not have the certificate you need, send your claim form now and send the certificate once you\u2019ve got it.\n\n## If your child\u2019s birth was registered outside the UK\n\nWhen you send your claim form, include your child\u2019s:\n\n- original birth certificate\n\n- passport or travel document used to enter the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost the original you can order a new birth certificate.\n\n## Add a child to an existing claim\n\nCall the child benefit helpline if:\n\n- your child is under 6 months old and lives with you\n\n- your child was born in the UK and their birth was registered in England, Scotland or Wales more than 24 hours ago\n\n- you\u2019re a UK, EEA or Swiss national and you\u2019ve lived in the UK since the start of your claim\n\nWhen you call, you\u2019ll need your:\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- child\u2019s birth certificate\n\n## If you do not meet the criteria to add a child by phone\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a new claim by post. Fill in Child Benefit form CH2 and send it to the Child Benefit Office. The address is on the form.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming for more than 2 children, also include the \u2018additional children\u2019 form.\n\n## Claiming Child Benefit for someone else\n\nYou may be able to manage someone else\u2019s Child Benefit claim.\n\n## Make a change to your claim\n\nYou must report any change of circumstances to the Child Benefit Office. These include changes to your:\n\n- family life, for example getting married\n\n- child\u2019s life, for example leaving education or training\n\n## Change who gets Child Benefit\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office if you want someone else to claim Child Benefit, for example, your spouse or partner.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve done this, tell the other person to make a new claim.\n\n## Stop or restart payments\n\nYou can choose to stop or restart your payments at any time, for example because you or your partner earn over \u00a350,000 a year. It does not affect your eligibility.\n\n## Get help with your claim\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office if you have any questions.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nYou can complain to the Child Benefit Office if you\u2019re unhappy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-benefit", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My wife and I have recently had our first child. She plans to give up work and be a full-time Mum for the first few years at least, while I stay in work. We're concerned about the impact my wife not working might have on her pension entitlement.", + "original_question": "Would it be better for my wife to claim child benefit instead of me?" + }, + { + "id": "train-220", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 37 year old English male living in Scotland, I have just filed for divorce and my wife is claiming half of my savings although we agreed upon nothing during marriage.\n\nQuestion: Do the rules change for me because I live in Scotland although I am English?\n\nDocument - Money and property when you divorce or separate:\n## Getting a financial agreement\n\nWhen you divorce or end a civil partnership you and your ex-partner need to agree how to separate your finances.\n\nThis includes deciding how you\u2019re going to divide:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nYou might get things like:\n\n- a share of your your partner\u2019s pension - including State Pension or private pension plans\n\n- regular maintenance payments to help with children or living expenses\n\nYou can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree how to split your money and property.\n\nThe rules are different if you were not married or in a civil partnership. You\u2019ll still have to agree on child maintenance payments for any children.\n\nWhat you can do is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Making an agreement legally binding\n\nIf you and your ex-partner agree on how to divide money and property, you need to apply for a consent order to make it legally binding.\n\n## Get help agreeing\n\nYou can use a mediator or get other help to resolve issues out of court.\n\n## Get the court to decide\n\nIf you cannot agree on everything, you can ask a court to make a financial order.\n\n## If you agree\n\nIt\u2019s usually more straightforward and less expensive if you agree how to divide your money and property. Get help agreeing.\n\n## Making your agreement legally binding\n\nTo make your agreement legally binding you need to draft a consent order and ask a court to approve it.\n\nIf your agreement is not legally binding, a court cannot enforce it if there are any issues later.\n\nA consent order is a legal document that confirms your agreement. It explains how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nIt can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.\n\nYou can get legal advice or ask a solicitor to draft a consent order for you.\n\n## When to apply for a consent order\n\nYou can ask the court to approve your consent order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.\n\nIt is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.\n\nThe final legal document is the:\n\n- decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing\n\n- final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership\n\nYou can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended. This may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.\n\n## How to ask the court for approval\n\nYou and your ex-partner have to:\n\n- draft a consent order\n\n- sign the draft consent order - you also need 2 photocopies of the signed original\n\n- fill in a statement of information form\n\nOne of you also needs to fill in a notice of an application for a financial order.\n\nIf you\u2019re ending a civil partnership or legally separating, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to the court dealing with your paperwork. Keep your own copies.\n\nIf you\u2019re divorcing, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to:\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\nThere\u2019s usually no court hearing. A judge will approve your consent order to make it legally binding if they think it\u2019s fair.\n\nIf they do not think it\u2019s fair, they can ask you to change it.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe court fee is \u00a350.\n\nSolicitor fees vary depending on their experience and location. They usually charge per hour.\n\n## Get help agreeing\n\nA mediator can help you and your ex-partner agree on how to split money and property, without taking sides.\n\nMediation is not relationship counselling. It can help you agree on how you\u2019ll divide your assets, including:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nMediation can be quicker and cheaper than asking a court to decide for you.\n\nYou need to attend a mediation information assessment meeting (MIAM) before you start mediation.\n\nFind a local mediator.\n\nThe mediator can decide mediation is not right for you (for example, if there\u2019s been domestic abuse and you need to go to court instead).\n\n## How much it costs\n\nA MIAM is usually about \u00a330. If you need more mediation sessions they cost more and fees vary depending on where you live.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid for mediation.\n\n## Making your agreement legally binding\n\nAt the end of mediation you\u2019ll get a document showing what you agreed. This agreement is not legally binding.\n\nIf you want a legally binding agreement you need to draft a consent order and get a court to approve it. The consent order can be based on what you agreed in mediation.\n\n## If you need more help agreeing\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask a legal adviser about other ways to resolve issues out of court (such as family arbitration or collaborative law)\n\n- get information and advice from Citizens Advice\n\n- read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced\n\n- work out your finances with a divorce and separation calculator\n\n## If you do not agree on everything\n\nYou can ask a court to decide on anything you have not agreed on.\n\n## Get the court to decide\n\nIf you and your ex-partner cannot agree how to divide your finances you can ask a court to make a financial order (also known as the \u2018contested\u2019 route or an \u2018ancillary relief order\u2019).\n\nThis means the court will decide how assets will be split. Getting the court to decide usually takes longer and is more expensive than if you and your ex-partner agree.\n\nYou must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).\n\nA financial order will describe how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nIt can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.\n\n## When to apply for a financial order\n\nYou can ask a court to make a financial order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.\n\nIt is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.\n\nThe final legal document is the:\n\n- decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing\n\n- final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership\n\nYou can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended but it may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to apply for a financial order.\n\nSend 2 copies of the form to the court dealing with paperwork in your area to divorce or end your civil partnership. Keep a copy for yourself.\n\nYou can hire a solicitor to help you apply for a financial order from the court.\n\n## After you apply\n\nThere are three stages:\n\n- the first appointment - a short hearing with the judge to discuss your application\n\n- financial dispute resolution (FDR) appointment - to help you agree without needing a final hearing (you might need more than one appointment)\n\n- final hearing - if you\u2019re not able to agree, this is when a judge will decide how you must separate your finances\n\nThe court will send you and your ex-partner details when the first appointment will be. This is usually 12 to 14 weeks after you apply.\n\n## Before the first appointment\n\nYou and your ex-partner need to fill in a financial statement for a financial order (Form E) to show a breakdown of your property and debts. This includes giving an estimate of your future living costs.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to collect documents about your finances, for example:\n\n- rental or mortgage agreements\n\n- pension documents\n\n- loan agreements\n\n- proof of your salary income, for example P60 or recent pay slips\n\n- details of personal belongings worth more than \u00a3500, for example a car or house contents\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt depends on:\n\n- how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need\n\n- if you need a final hearing\n\nThere can be several months between the appointments.\n\n## How the court decides\n\nIf you cannot agree, a judge will decide how assets will be split. They\u2019ll base their decision on how long you\u2019ve been married or in a civil partnership, as well as your:\n\n- age\n\n- ability to earn\n\n- property and money\n\n- living expenses\n\n- standard of living\n\n- financial needs and responsibilities\n\n- role in looking after the family, for example if you were the main earner or caring for the family or home\n\n- disability or health condition, if you have any\n\nThe judge will decide on the fairest way to divide the assets if there\u2019s enough to meet everyone\u2019s needs. They will make arrangements for any children first - especially their housing arrangements and child maintenance. The reason for the divorce or dissolution is not taken into account.\n\nThe judge will usually try to arrange a \u2018clean break\u2019, so everything is shared out, and you no longer have any financial ties to one another.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe court fee is \u00a3255.\n\nSolicitor fees vary depending on their experience and where you live. They usually charge by the hour. How much you pay in total depends on how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need and if there will be a final hearing.\n\nYou can get legal aid to help with court costs in certain situations, for example if you\u2019re separating from an abusive partner.\n\n## Further help and advice\n\nYou can:\n\n- get information and advice from Citizens Advice\n\n- read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced\n\n- find out more about how to apply for a financial order\n\n## Maintenance payments\n\nThe court sometimes tells the person with the higher income to make regular maintenance payments to help with the other person\u2019s living costs.\n\nThis is called a \u2018maintenance order\u2019.\n\nA maintenance payment can be set for:\n\n- a limited period of time\n\n- until one of you dies, marries or enters into a new civil partnership\n\nThe payment can also be changed if one of you loses your job or gets much better paid work.\n\n## Child maintenance\n\nThe court can also decide on child maintenance, but this is often arranged by the Child Maintenance Service.\n\nRead more about making arrangements to look after children when you divorce or separate.\n\n## Tax when transferring assets\n\nYou do not usually have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you give, or otherwise \u2018dispose of\u2019, assets to your husband, wife or civil partner before you finalise the divorce or civil partnership.\n\nAssets include shares, certain personal possessions and property. You usually do not have to pay tax if you transfer or sell your main home.\n\n## If you transfer an asset when you\u2019re separated\n\nIf you lived together at any point in the tax year that you transferred the asset, the normal rules for spouses and civil partners apply.\n\nOtherwise you may have to pay Capital Gains Tax. You\u2019ll need to get a valuation of the asset on the date of transfer, and use it to work out the gain or loss.\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If you transfer an asset after you\u2019ve divorced or dissolved your civil partnership\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you transfer after your relationship has legally ended.\n\nThe rules for working out your gain or loss are complex. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help, such as an accountant or tax adviser. You\u2019ll need to tell them the date of:\n\n- the decree absolute or dissolution\n\n- any court order, if assets were transferred this way\n\n- any other contract showing the transfer of assets", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 37 year old English male living in Scotland, I have just filed for divorce and my wife is claiming half of my savings although we agreed upon nothing during marriage.", + "original_question": "Do the rules change for me because I live in Scotland although I am English?" + }, + { + "id": "train-221", + "question": "Scenario: I am 25 and a single parent. I have a six year old son. I am very keen to get back into education so I can get a better job.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible for help with childcare whilst I study?\n\nDocument - Care to Learn:\n## Overview\n\nThe Care to Learn scheme can help with childcare costs while you study.\n\nYou must be aged under 20 at the start of your course.\n\nThe scheme is available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses in:\n\n- schools\n\n- sixth-forms in schools\n\n- sixth-form colleges\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a3160 per child per week if you live outside London\n\n- \u00a3175 per child per week if you live in London\n\n## What it covers\n\nCare to Learn can help with the cost of:\n\n- your childcare, including deposit and registration fees\n\n- a childcare taster session for up to 5 days\n\n- keeping your childcare place over the summer holidays\n\n- taking your child to their childcare provider\n\n## Payments\n\nChildcare payments go directly to your childcare provider.\n\nBefore they can be paid:\n\n- your childcare provider needs to confirm your child\u2019s attendance\n\n- your school or college needs to confirm that you\u2019re attending your course\n\nTravel payments go direct to your school or college - they\u2019ll either pay you or arrange travel for you.\n\n## When payments stop\n\nPayments end when:\n\n- you stop attending your course\n\n- you reach the end of your course\n\n- your child stops attending childcare\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get Care to Learn if all of the following apply to you:\n\n- you\u2019re a parent under 20 at the start of your course\n\n- you\u2019re the main carer for your child\n\n- you live in England\n\n- you\u2019re either a British citizen or have a legal right to live and study in England\n\n- your course qualifies\n\n- your childcare provider qualifies\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.\n\n## Your course\n\nCare to Learn is only available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses that take place in:\n\n- schools\n\n- sixth-forms in schools\n\n- sixth-form colleges\n\n- other colleges and learning providers, including Foundation Learning\n\n- your community at Children\u2019s Centres\n\nYour learning provider can tell you if your course is eligible.\n\n## Your childcare provider\n\nTo qualify, your childcare provider must be registered with Ofsted.\n\nThey can be a:\n\n- childminder\n\n- preschool playgroup\n\n- day nursery\n\n- out of school club\n\n## Who cannot get Care to Learn\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible if:\n\n- you\u2019re an apprentice who gets a salary\n\n- you\u2019re doing a higher education course at university\n\n## Apply for Care to Learn\n\nYou must choose your learning provider and childcare provider before you apply.\n\nYou need to make a new application for each year you study.\n\nYour childcare provider is paid from the beginning of your course if you apply either:\n\n- before your course starts\n\n- within 28 days of starting your course\n\nIf you apply after that, your childcare provider will only be paid from the beginning of the week that your application was received.\n\nApply online for Care to Learn.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nYou must give your learning provider either:\n\n- a copy of the child\u2019s birth certificate\n\n- a letter confirming receipt of Child Benefit for that child\n\n## If you qualify\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter and a payment plan telling you what financial help you can get.\n\nYour childcare provider will only be paid after you\u2019ve provided this.\n\nYour childcare provider will also get the payment plan to let them know when they\u2019ll be paid.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for travel costs, your learning provider will be told about payments for this.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must report changes to your:\n\n- personal details\n\n- childcare provider\n\n- hours of childcare\n\n- travel costs\n\n- learning provider\n\nYou can do this by updating your online application.\n\n## Benefits\n\nClaiming Care to Learn will not affect your family\u2019s benefits or allowances.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/care-to-learn", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 25 and a single parent. I have a six year old son. I am very keen to get back into education so I can get a better job.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible for help with childcare whilst I study?" + }, + { + "id": "train-222", + "question": "Scenario: I am 26 and I have a 2 year old daughter. I want to apply to a sixth-form college in order to receive the qualifications I didn't achieve in school, but I would struggle to pay for childcare.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible to apply for Care to Learn?\n\nDocument - Care to Learn:\n## Overview\n\nThe Care to Learn scheme can help with childcare costs while you study.\n\nYou must be aged under 20 at the start of your course.\n\nThe scheme is available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses in:\n\n- schools\n\n- sixth-forms in schools\n\n- sixth-form colleges\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a3160 per child per week if you live outside London\n\n- \u00a3175 per child per week if you live in London\n\n## What it covers\n\nCare to Learn can help with the cost of:\n\n- your childcare, including deposit and registration fees\n\n- a childcare taster session for up to 5 days\n\n- keeping your childcare place over the summer holidays\n\n- taking your child to their childcare provider\n\n## Payments\n\nChildcare payments go directly to your childcare provider.\n\nBefore they can be paid:\n\n- your childcare provider needs to confirm your child\u2019s attendance\n\n- your school or college needs to confirm that you\u2019re attending your course\n\nTravel payments go direct to your school or college - they\u2019ll either pay you or arrange travel for you.\n\n## When payments stop\n\nPayments end when:\n\n- you stop attending your course\n\n- you reach the end of your course\n\n- your child stops attending childcare\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get Care to Learn if all of the following apply to you:\n\n- you\u2019re a parent under 20 at the start of your course\n\n- you\u2019re the main carer for your child\n\n- you live in England\n\n- you\u2019re either a British citizen or have a legal right to live and study in England\n\n- your course qualifies\n\n- your childcare provider qualifies\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.\n\n## Your course\n\nCare to Learn is only available for publicly-funded courses in England. This includes courses that take place in:\n\n- schools\n\n- sixth-forms in schools\n\n- sixth-form colleges\n\n- other colleges and learning providers, including Foundation Learning\n\n- your community at Children\u2019s Centres\n\nYour learning provider can tell you if your course is eligible.\n\n## Your childcare provider\n\nTo qualify, your childcare provider must be registered with Ofsted.\n\nThey can be a:\n\n- childminder\n\n- preschool playgroup\n\n- day nursery\n\n- out of school club\n\n## Who cannot get Care to Learn\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible if:\n\n- you\u2019re an apprentice who gets a salary\n\n- you\u2019re doing a higher education course at university\n\n## Apply for Care to Learn\n\nYou must choose your learning provider and childcare provider before you apply.\n\nYou need to make a new application for each year you study.\n\nYour childcare provider is paid from the beginning of your course if you apply either:\n\n- before your course starts\n\n- within 28 days of starting your course\n\nIf you apply after that, your childcare provider will only be paid from the beginning of the week that your application was received.\n\nApply online for Care to Learn.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nYou must give your learning provider either:\n\n- a copy of the child\u2019s birth certificate\n\n- a letter confirming receipt of Child Benefit for that child\n\n## If you qualify\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter and a payment plan telling you what financial help you can get.\n\nYour childcare provider will only be paid after you\u2019ve provided this.\n\nYour childcare provider will also get the payment plan to let them know when they\u2019ll be paid.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for travel costs, your learning provider will be told about payments for this.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must report changes to your:\n\n- personal details\n\n- childcare provider\n\n- hours of childcare\n\n- travel costs\n\n- learning provider\n\nYou can do this by updating your online application.\n\n## Benefits\n\nClaiming Care to Learn will not affect your family\u2019s benefits or allowances.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/care-to-learn", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 26 and I have a 2 year old daughter. I want to apply to a sixth-form college in order to receive the qualifications I didn't achieve in school, but I would struggle to pay for childcare.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible to apply for Care to Learn?" + }, + { + "id": "train-225", + "question": "Scenario: I am 23 with 2 children and my father recently developed dementia, he was about to add me to the will before being diagnosed but never did.\n\nQuestion: Can I add myself to my fathers will?\n\nDocument - Make a statutory will on behalf of someone else:\n## Overview\n\nApply to the Court of Protection if you want to make (or change) a will on behalf of someone who cannot do it themselves.\n\nThis may be because, for example:\n\n- they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness\n\n- they have dementia\n\nYou can apply when the person is not able to understand:\n\n- what making or changing a will means\n\n- how much money they have or what property they own\n\n- how making or changing a will might affect the people they know (either those mentioned in the will or those left out)\n\nSomeone who has lost the mental capacity to manage their finances may still have the ability to make a will. A solicitor will usually be able to tell you if they are.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Download, fill in and return the forms with details of the proposed will and supporting documents.\n\n- Tell other people that you\u2019ve applied.\n\n- Attend a hearing if the Court of Protection decides to hold one.\n\n- Sign the will, have it witnessed and send it to the Court of Protection to have it \u2018sealed\u2019.\n\n## Emergency applications\n\nYou can apply to the Court of Protection for an emergency decision on a statutory will if the person you\u2019re applying for only has a short time to live.\n\n## Get legal advice\n\nYou can get legal advice from:\n\n- a solicitor - you\u2019ll have to pay for this\n\n- organisations which give advice for free, for example Citizens Advice Bureau\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the following forms to apply to make a will on behalf of someone, or to make changes to their existing will:\n\n- application form (COP1)\n\n- witness statement (COP24)\n\n- information form (COP1C)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to prove to the Court of Protection that the person is not able to make a will by themselves.\n\nDownload and fill in assessment of capacity form (COP3) - you\u2019ll need to get the person\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to fill in the relevant parts.\n\nSend the completed forms, your supporting documents and payment to the Court of Protection.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include the following information and documents:\n\n- a copy of the person\u2019s current will and any amendments (\u2018codicils\u2019)\n\n- a copy of the proposed new will or codicil\n\n- a copy of any deputyship order\n\n- details of the people who have agreed to deal with the will after the person\u2019s death (\u2018executors\u2019)\n\n- a copy of any registered lasting power of attorney or registered enduring power of attorney\n\n- the person\u2019s family tree\n\n- reasons the person might be expected to provide for people named in the will (\u2018beneficiaries\u2019)\n\n- the person\u2019s address and details about where they\u2019re living, for example care home, hospital\n\nYou must also provide:\n\n- details of the person\u2019s estate and assets\n\n- accounts showing their estimated income and outgoings\n\n- details of any inheritance tax payable in the event of the person\u2019s death\n\n## Acting in the other person\u2019s best interest\n\nDecisions taken on someone\u2019s behalf must always be in their best interest. You must consider:\n\n- what they would do if they were able to make a will themselves\n\n- their beliefs and personal values\n\n- how they\u2019ve acted and made decisions for themselves in the past\n\nRead the Court of Protection practice direction (9E) for more information and an example of a statutory will.\n\n## Fees\n\nAn application for a statutory will costs \u00a3365.\n\nYou may also have to pay:\n\n- \u00a3485 if the court decides to hold a hearing (including telephone hearings)\n\n- solicitor\u2019s fees if a solicitor is appointed by the Official Solicitor to act as the person\u2019s litigation friend\n\n- Counsel\u2019s fees (if there are any)\n\n## How to pay\n\nSend a cheque for \u00a3365 made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your completed forms and supporting documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told when you need to pay any additional costs, for example for court hearings.\n\nYou may be able to claim back any fees you pay from the estate of the person you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## Exemptions and refunds\n\nYou may not have to pay an application or hearing fee, depending on the circumstances of the person you\u2019re applying for, for example they:\n\n- have low (or no) income\n\n- are on certain types of benefit\n\nDownload and fill in the application for a fee remission form and send it the Court of Protection with your application forms. The form contains guidance about exemptions.\n\nThe fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving your application.\n\n## After you apply\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a letter to confirm that your application has been received.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get a stamped copy of your application form and a \u2018directions order\u2019 from the court telling you what to do next.\n\n## The Official Solicitor\n\nThe directions order might tell you to write to the Official Solicitor to tell them about your application. The Official Solicitor makes sure that people who cannot make decisions for themselves have someone to represent them in court cases.\n\n## Tell people named in your application\n\nYour directions order will say who you must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) about your application. This could include the person who the application is about and:\n\n- anyone named in an existing will who would be affected financially, for example they are not a beneficiary in the new will\n\n- anyone who would be expected to benefit if the person were to die without a will (\u2018intestate\u2019), for example family members\n\n- any other people named on your application\n\n- the Official Solicitor\n\nYou must serve both of the following documents within 14 days of the application being issued:\n\n- notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- acknowledgment of service form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about the application and register any objection\n\nYou can serve them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\nYou\u2019ll be given time to reach a decision with the people you\u2019ve served. The Court of Protection may hold a hearing if you cannot.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nThe Court of Protection will tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you have to provide more information, for example further medical reports\n\n- there\u2019ll be a hearing to get more information\n\n## Court hearings\n\nThe Court of Protection will hold a hearing, or hearings, if you have not been able to reach a decision with the people you\u2019ve served.\n\nYou can also get a solicitor to represent you during the hearing.\n\nRead the guidance on what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a hearing fee after the court makes their final decision.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nYou can ask for a decision that was made without a hearing to be reconsidered any time within 21 days of the decision being made.\n\nTo appeal a decision made at a court hearing download and fill in the Appellants Notice Form COP 35.\n\nYou must pay \u00a3320. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nSend the form to the Court of Protection with a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\n## Finalising the will\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a court order confirming that your application has been accepted with a letter telling you what to do next.\n\n## Sign the will\n\nYou must sign 2 copies of the will. Both copies should be signed in your name and in the name of the person the will has been made for. You must also get 2 witnesses (aged 18 or over) to sign them.\n\nThe witnesses must:\n\n- be with you when you sign the will\n\n- sign the will straight after you\n\nSend the 2 signed copies of the statutory will to the Court of Protection.\n\nThe 2 copies will be given the court\u2019s official seal and sent back to you.\n\n## When the person dies\n\nThe statutory will can be handled (\u2018executed\u2019) in the normal way, as if the person had made the will themselves.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-statutory-will", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 23 with 2 children and my father recently developed dementia, he was about to add me to the will before being diagnosed but never did.", + "original_question": "Can I add myself to my fathers will?" + }, + { + "id": "train-226", + "question": "Scenario: My 15 year old son has recently taken on a part time job as a kitchen assistant, which he loves. We are due to be going on holiday during the school summer holidays as a family, but he has been offered an increase in hours to cover staff absences over the summer holiday period. He will be working three hours a day, Monday to Friday, no weeks off during the school break.\n\nQuestion: Is my 15 year old allowed to work in a part time job right through the school holiday period?\n\nDocument - Child employment:\n## Minimum ages children can work\n\n## Part-time work\n\nThe youngest age a child can work part-time is 13, except children involved in areas like:\n\n- television\n\n- theatre\n\n- modelling\n\nChildren working in these areas will need a performance licence.\n\n## Full-time work\n\nChildren can only start full-time work once they\u2019ve reached the minimum school leaving age - they can then work up to a maximum of 40 hours a week.\n\nOnce someone reaches 16, you may need to pay them through PAYE.\n\nOnce someone reaches 18, adult employment rights and rules then apply.\n\nIn England, a young person must be in part-time education or training until they\u2019re 18.\n\n## Paying children and young people\n\n## Children under 16\n\nSchool-aged children are not entitled to the National Minimum Wage.\n\nChildren under 16 do not pay National Insurance, so you only need to include them on your payroll if their total income is over their Personal Allowance.\n\n## Once someone reaches 16\n\nYoung workers aged 16 to 17 are entitled to at least \u00a34.62 per hour.\n\nIf you\u2019re a registered employer, you\u2019ll need to record and report their pay as part of running payroll. If they earn more than \u00a3120 a week, you\u2019ll also need to do other regular PAYE tasks like making deductions.\n\nBefore their next payday, collect information from them for PAYE. If they started work for you in the previous tax year, put their start date as 5 April in your payroll software. Record their pay for the current tax year only.\n\nIf you pay any employee over \u00a3120 a week you must be registered as an employer and operate PAYE.\n\n## Performance licences and supervision for children\n\nA child may need a licence if they\u2019re under school leaving age and taking part in:\n\n- films, plays, concerts or other public performances that the audience pays to see, or that take place on licensed premises\n\n- any sporting events or modelling assignments where the child is paid\n\nThe person in charge of running the event must apply to the child\u2019s local council for a child performance licence. Ask the council if you\u2019re not sure you need one.\n\n## Supervision for the child\n\nIf the child will not be with their parent, school teacher or home tutor, they must be supervised by a chaperone approved by the council. Chaperones can apply for approval from the council.\n\nThe normal rules for paying children and restrictions on employment apply to children in performances.\n\n## Restrictions on child employment\n\nThere are several restrictions on when and where children are allowed to work.\n\nChildren are not allowed to work:\n\n- without an employment permit issued by the education department of the local council, if this is required by local bylaws\n\n- in places like a factory or industrial site\n\n- during school hours\n\n- before 7am or after 7pm\n\n- for more than one hour before school (unless local bylaws allow it)\n\n- for more than 4 hours without taking a break of at least 1 hour\n\n- in any work that may be harmful to their health, well-being or education\n\n- without having a 2-week break from any work during the school holidays in each calendar year\n\nThere are also special rules which only apply during term times and school holiday times.\n\n## Term time rules\n\nDuring term time children can only work a maximum of 12 hours a week. This includes:\n\n- a maximum of 2 hours on school days and Sundays\n\n- a maximum of 5 hours on Saturdays for 13 to 14-year-olds, or 8 hours for 15 to 16-year-olds\n\n## School holiday rules\n\nDuring school holidays 13 to 14-year-olds are only allowed to work a maximum of 25 hours a week. This includes:\n\n- a maximum of 5 hours on weekdays and Saturdays\n\n- a maximum of 2 hours on Sunday\n\nDuring school holidays 15 to 16-year-olds can only work a maximum of 35 hours a week. This includes:\n\n- a maximum of 8 hours on weekdays and Saturdays\n\n- a maximum of 2 hours on Sunday\n\n## Local rules on the types of work children can do\n\nLocal bylaws list the jobs that children cannot do. If a job is on this list, a child under the minimum school leaving age cannot do this work.\n\nLocal bylaws may also have other restrictions on working hours, conditions of work and the type of employment.\n\nContact your local council\u2019s education department or education welfare service for more information.\n\n## Local council rules for child employment permits\n\nMost local councils say that businesses intending to employ school-aged children must apply for a child employment permit before they can be employed.\n\nIf a child is working without a child employment permit, there\u2019s a risk that the employer will not be insured against accidents involving the child.\n\nChildren do not need a work permit for work experience arranged by their school.\n\nEmployers should contact their local council\u2019s education department or education welfare service to find out if a child employment permit is needed.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-employment", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My 15 year old son has recently taken on a part time job as a kitchen assistant, which he loves. We are due to be going on holiday during the school summer holidays as a family, but he has been offered an increase in hours to cover staff absences over the summer holiday period. He will be working three hours a day, Monday to Friday, no weeks off during the school break.", + "original_question": "Is my 15 year old allowed to work in a part time job right through the school holiday period?" + }, + { + "id": "train-227", + "question": "Scenario: Me and my partner have decided we want to live apart after a breakdown in our marriage of 2 years. We feel it would be best to live in two different places and we both live in the UK.\n\nQuestion: We do not want to be divorced, can we apply for legal separation instead?\n\nDocument - Get a divorce:\n## Check you can get a divorce\n\nYou can get divorced in England or Wales if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019ve been married for over a year\n\n- your relationship has permanently broken down\n\n- your marriage is legally recognised in the UK (including same-sex marriage)\n\n- the UK is your permanent home, or the permanent home of your husband or wife\n\nIf you do not want a divorce, you can get a legal separation so you can live apart without ending the marriage. You might also be able to annul the marriage. You can apply for separation or annulment during your first year of marriage.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nGetting a divorce is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Grounds for divorce\n\nWhen you apply for a divorce you\u2019ll need to prove that your marriage has broken down and cannot be saved. You\u2019ll need to give one or more of the following 5 reasons (also known as \u2018facts\u2019).\n\n## Adultery\n\nYour husband or wife had sexual intercourse with someone else of the opposite sex (committed adultery).\n\nYou cannot give adultery as a reason if you lived together as a couple for more than 6 months after you found out about it.\n\n## Unreasonable behaviour\n\nYour husband or wife has behaved in such a way that you cannot reasonably be expected to live with them.\n\nThis could include:\n\n- physical violence\n\n- verbal abuse, such as insults or threats\n\n- drunkenness or drug-taking\n\n- refusing to pay towards shared living expenses\n\n## Desertion\n\nYour husband or wife has left you for at least 2 years before you apply for divorce.\n\nYou can still claim desertion if you have lived together for up to a total of 6 months in this period, but that will not count towards the 2 years.\n\n## You\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years\n\nYou can apply for a divorce if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 2 years before applying for divorce and you both agree to it.\n\nYour husband or wife must agree in writing.\n\nIt may be possible for you to show that you\u2019ve been separated while living in the same home as your wife or husband as long as you\u2019re not living together as a couple (for example you sleep and eat apart).\n\n## You\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years\n\nYou can apply for a divorce if you\u2019ve been separated for at least 5 years before applying, even if your husband or wife disagrees.\n\n## Before you apply\n\nBefore you send in your application, you and your husband or wife can choose to work out:\n\n- arrangements for looking after any children\n\n- child maintenance payments for any children\n\nYou can also divide your money and property. There\u2019s a deadline if you want to make this legally binding.\n\nYou can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree about children, money and property and the reasons for ending your marriage.\n\n## Get help agreeing on issues\n\nYou can use a mediator. Check if you can get legal aid to help pay for mediation.\n\nYou can also get advice on making agreements from:\n\n- organisations near you\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n## If you\u2019re married to more than one person\n\nContact your regional divorce centre if you\u2019re married to more than one person (polygamy).\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply for a divorce you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your husband or wife\u2019s full name and address\n\n- your original marriage certificate or a certified copy (and a certified translation if it\u2019s not in English)\n\n- proof of your name change if you\u2019ve changed it since you got married - for example your marriage certificate or a deed poll\n\nYou must try to find your husband or wife\u2019s current address if you do not know it. The court will need it to send them a copy of the divorce petition.\n\nIf you name the person your husband or wife committed adultery with, they\u2019ll get copies of the paperwork.\n\n## Fee\n\nYou must pay a \u00a3550 fee to apply for a divorce. The way you pay depends on how you apply. Your fee will not be refunded after you are sent the notice that your application has been issued.\n\nYou may be able to get help with fees if you get benefits or are on a low income.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply for a divorce online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a debit or credit card to apply online.\n\n## Apply by post or in Welsh\n\nFill in a divorce application form D8 (\u2018divorce petition\u2019) to start a divorce.\n\nYou can get help filling in the form at a Citizens Advice office.\n\nSend 3 copies of the form to your nearest divorce centre. They\u2019ll send one copy to your husband or wife.\n\nYou need to send 4 copies if you named someone your husband or wife committed adultery with.\n\nKeep your own copy of the forms.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can either pay by:\n\n- debit or credit card - the divorce centre will call you to take payment\n\n- cheque - made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\n## What happens after you apply\n\nYour application will be checked. If it\u2019s correct, you\u2019ll be sent:\n\n- a notice that your application has been issued (sent out)\n\n- a copy of your application stamped by the divorce centre\n\n- a case number\n\nThis may take up to 10 days if you applied online or 1 month if you applied by post.\n\nThe court will send your husband or wife the divorce application and an \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 form. Your husband or wife will need to respond to your divorce application.\n\nIf you named someone your husband or wife committed adultery with, they\u2019ll also be sent a copy of the application and be asked to respond.\n\n## Your husband or wife responds\n\nThe acknowledgement of service form asks your husband or wife if they:\n\n- agree with the divorce\n\n- intend to try to prevent the divorce (defend it)\n\n- object to paying the costs (if you\u2019ve claimed them)\n\nYour husband or wife must respond within 8 days.\n\n## If they agree with the divorce\n\nYou can continue with the divorce by applying for a decree nisi.\n\n## If they defend the divorce\n\nYour husband or wife will have to complete an \u2018answer to divorce\u2019 form to say why they disagree with the divorce. They must do this within 28 days of getting the divorce application.\n\nIf they do not submit an \u2018answer to divorce\u2019 form, you can continue the divorce by applying for a decree nisi.\n\nIf they do submit an answer to divorce in time, you may have to go to court to discuss the case.\n\n## Apply for decree nisi\n\nYou can apply for a decree nisi if your husband or wife does not defend your divorce petition.\n\nA decree nisi is a document that says that the court does not see any reason why you cannot divorce.\n\nIf your husband or wife does not agree to the divorce, you can still apply for a decree nisi. However, you\u2019ll have to go to a court hearing to discuss the case, where a judge will decide whether to grant you a decree nisi.\n\nIf you already have a hearing date, the court will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo get a decree nisi, read the guidance and then fill in the application for a decree nisi.\n\nYou must also fill in a statement confirming that what you said in your divorce petition is true.\n\nThere are 5 statement forms - use the one that covers the reason you\u2019ve given for your divorce:\n\n- adultery statement\n\n- unreasonable behaviour statement\n\n- desertion statement\n\n- 2 years\u2019 separation statement\n\n- 5 years\u2019 separation statement\n\nAttach a copy of your husband\u2019s or wife\u2019s response to the divorce petition.\n\n## Getting a decree nisi\n\nIf the judge agrees, the court will send you and your husband or wife a certificate. This may take several weeks.\n\nThe certificate will tell you the time and date you\u2019ll be granted a decree nisi.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be married after the decree nisi has been granted. You\u2019ll have to wait 43 days (6 weeks and 1 day) before you can apply for a \u2018decree absolute\u2019 to actually end the marriage.\n\n## Your application is rejected\n\nYou may be sent a \u2018notice of refusal of judge\u2019s certificate\u2019 form, saying why you cannot divorce.\n\nThe form will tell you what to do next. The judge may want more information in writing, or you may have to go to a court hearing.\n\nYou can get legal advice if there\u2019s going to be a court hearing.\n\n## Apply for a decree absolute\n\nThe decree absolute is the legal document that ends your marriage.\n\nYou need to wait at least 43 days (6 weeks and 1 day) after the date of the decree nisi before you can apply for a decree absolute.\n\nApply within 12 months of getting the decree nisi - otherwise you will have to explain the delay to the court.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply for a decree absolute, fill in the notice of application for decree nisi to be made absolute form.\n\nIf you want a legally binding arrangement for dividing money and property you must apply to the court for this before you apply for a decree absolute.\n\n## Getting the decree absolute\n\nThe court will check that:\n\n- time limits have been met\n\n- there are no other reasons not to grant the divorce\n\nThe court will then send you both a decree absolute.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your decree absolute within:\n\n- 24 hours (Monday to Friday) if you applied online\n\n- 10 days if you applied by post\n\nIf a solicitor is acting for you, the decree absolute will be sent to them. You\u2019ll need to ask them for a copy.\n\nOnce you get the decree absolute, you are divorced, no longer married and free to marry again if you wish.\n\nKeep the decree absolute safe - you will need to show it if you remarry or to prove your marital status.\n\nIf you lose your decree absolute, you can apply to the court for a copy.\n\n## If you do not apply for the decree absolute\n\nYour husband or wife can apply for the decree absolute if you do not. They\u2019ll have to wait an extra 3 months to do this, on top of the standard 43 days.\n\n## If your husband or wife lacks mental capacity\n\nYou can apply for a divorce if your husband or wife \u2018lacks mental capacity\u2019 and cannot agree to a divorce or take part in the divorce case.\n\nYour husband or wife will need someone to make decisions for them during the divorce. The person who acts on their behalf is called a \u2018litigation friend\u2019. It can be a family member, close friend or someone else who can represent them.\n\n## Your husband or wife does not have a litigation friend\n\nIf there\u2019s no one suitable and willing to be their litigation friend, you can apply to the court to appoint a litigation friend.\n\nThe Official Solicitor may agree to act as your husband or wife\u2019s litigation friend when there\u2019s no one else to do this (\u2018litigation friend of last resort\u2019).\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Check there\u2019s nobody else suitable or willing to act as your husband or wife\u2019s litigation friend.\n\n- Check that there\u2019s money available for any costs the Official Solicitor has to pay. Your husband or wife may be able to get legal aid.\n\n- Give the details of your husband or wife\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to the court so it can ask for a certificate of capacity.\n\nIf the Official Solicitor agrees to act as litigation friend for your husband or wife, you\u2019ll be able to file for divorce.\n\n## Contact the Official Solicitor\u2019s staff\n\nEmail or call the private family law team if you have an enquiry about divorcing someone who lacks mental capacity. They cannot answer general questions about divorce.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/divorce", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Me and my partner have decided we want to live apart after a breakdown in our marriage of 2 years. We feel it would be best to live in two different places and we both live in the UK.", + "original_question": "We do not want to be divorced, can we apply for legal separation instead?" + }, + { + "id": "train-229", + "question": "Scenario: My sister has joined university but has been diagnised with bipolar and she needs support for her individual needs as she continues with her studies . She is on prescription medicine and needs some extra income to take care of her health.\n\nQuestion: Is she eligible for disability support as she continues with her studies?\n\nDocument - Help if you're a student with a learning difficulty, health problem or disability:\n## Disabled Students' Allowance\n\nDisabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) is support to cover the study-related costs you have because of a mental health problem, long term illness or any other disability.\n\nThis can be on its own or in addition to any student finance you get.\n\nThe type of support and how much you get depends on your individual needs - not your household income.\n\nYou do not need to pay back DSA.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\nUndergraduate and postgraduate students can get up to \u00a325,000 a year for support.\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n| | Specialist equipment allowance | Non-medical helper allowance | General allowance |\n\n| Full-time undergraduate students | Up to \u00a35,849 for the whole course | Up to \u00a323,258 a year | Up to \u00a31,954 a year |\n\n| Part-time undergraduate students | Up to \u00a35,849 for the whole course | Up to \u00a317,443 a year | Up to \u00a31,465 a year |\n\nPostgraduates can get support of up to \u00a320,580 a year.\n\nThese figures are the maximum amounts - most students get less.\n\n## What DSA can pay for\n\nYou can get help with the costs of:\n\n- specialist equipment, for example a computer if you need one because of your disability\n\n- non-medical helpers, for example a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter or specialist note taker\n\n- extra travel to attend your course or placement because of your disability\n\n- other disability-related study support, for example having to print additional copies of documents for proof-reading\n\nDSA does not cover disability-related costs you\u2019d have if you were not attending a course, or costs that any student might have.\n\n## Buying a new computer\n\nYou may get a new computer if you\u2019re assessed as needing one because:\n\n- you do not already have one\n\n- your current one does not meet your study needs\n\nWhen buying a new computer, you\u2019ll need to pay the first \u00a3200.\n\nThe DSA team will send you more information about this after your needs assessment.\n\n## Your \u2018needs assessment\u2019\n\nOnce your eligibility for DSA is confirmed, Student Finance England may ask you to contact an assessment centre to work out what help you need.\n\nThis is known as a needs assessment. Do not book this until Student Finance England asks you to.\n\nThe assessment is paid for through any DSA entitlement you may have.\n\nAfter the assessment, you\u2019ll get a report listing equipment and other support you can get for your course.\n\nDo not buy any equipment until you\u2019ve been assessed - you will not be reimbursed for it.\n\n## How DSA is paid\n\nMoney is paid either into your bank account or directly to the organisation providing the service or equipment.\n\nYou\u2019ll find out how your support will be paid to you after your needs assessment.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) if you live in England and have a disability that affects your ability to study, such as a:\n\n- specific learning difficulty, for example dyslexia or ADHD\n\n- mental health condition, for example anxiety or depression\n\n- physical disability, for example if you have to use crutches, a wheelchair or a special keyboard\n\n- sensory disability, for example if you\u2019re visually impaired, deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\n- long-term health condition, for example cancer, chronic heart disease or HIV\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be an undergraduate or postgraduate student (including Open University or distance learning)\n\n- qualify for student finance from Student Finance England\n\n- be studying on a course that lasts at least a year\n\n## Who is not eligible\n\nYou cannot get DSA from Student Finance England if you\u2019re:\n\n- an EU student who is eligible for fee support only\n\n- eligible for NHS Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances (this is a separate scheme)\n\n- getting equivalent support from another funding source, like from your university or a social work bursary\n\n## Proving you\u2019re eligible\n\nYou will not automatically get DSA - you need proof of your eligibility.\n\n| Condition | Proof |\n\n| Disabilities or long-term health condition | A copy of a report or letter from your doctor or consultant - you can also fill in the disability evidence form (PDF, 65KB) |\n\n| Mental health condition | A copy of a report or letter from your doctor or consultant - you can also fill in the disability evidence form (PDF, 65KB) |\n\n| Specific learning difficulty such as dyslexia | A copy of a \u2018diagnostic assessment\u2019 from a practitioner psychologist or suitably qualified specialist teacher |\n\nYou could get extra help to pay for a new diagnostic assessment.\n\n## Where to send letters or reports from a doctor\n\nYou can send proof of a health condition or learning disability to Student Finance England through your online account - if you have one. You can also send your proof by email or post.\n\n## Your course\n\nYour course must be in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- a Foundation Degree\n\n- a Certificate of Higher Education\n\n- a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)\n\n- a Higher National Certificate (HNC)\n\n- a Higher National Diploma (HND)\n\n- a Postgraduate Certificate of Education (PGCE)\n\n- a postgraduate course\n\n- Initial Teacher Training\n\nCheck with your university or college that your course is recognised.\n\n## Part-time course intensity\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nFor part-time students, your course intensity can affect how much DSA you get.\n\n\u2018Course intensity\u2019 means how long your course takes to complete each year compared to an equivalent full-time course. You can check course intensity with your university or college.\n\nThe rules are different depending on your course.\n\n## Part-time undergraduate courses\n\nYour course cannot be more than 4 times longer than the equivalent full-time course. Your course must last at least a year.\n\n## Part-time postgraduate master\u2019s courses\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for a Postgraduate Loan for a part-time master\u2019s degree, the course must not last more than twice as long as the full-time equivalent.\n\n## How to apply\n\nHow you apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) depends on whether you\u2019re studying full-time or part-time.\n\n## Full-time students\n\n## If you\u2019ve already applied for student finance\n\nSign in to your student finance account to start your DSA application.\n\nThe application for DSA should be on your \u2018to-do list\u2019 if you chose DSA in your application for other support. If it is not, select \u2018change your circumstances\u2019 to apply.\n\nIf you do not have an online account because you applied for student finance by post, fill in a student finance form (form DSA1).\n\n## If you have not applied for student finance\n\nYou can apply for DSA when you apply for student finance online.\n\nIf you do not need student finance, you can fill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to apply just for DSA.\n\nYou cannot apply for student finance online once you\u2019ve applied for DSA.\n\n## Part-time students\n\nFill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to apply for DSA.\n\n## If you\u2019re already getting DSA\n\nFill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to claim back your expenses.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou\u2019ll get confirmation of whether your application is successful within 6 weeks.\n\nIt can take up to 14 weeks to get your DSA support in place as this is done separately.\n\n## Further information\n\nContact the disability adviser at your university or college if you need advice about financial help.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nContact Student Finance England if your circumstances change as this may affect what you\u2019re entitled to. For example, if your condition gets worse you may be able to get extra help.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can ask for an explanation or to have your case reviewed if your application is turned down. Contact Student Finance England for more details.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-students-allowance-dsa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My sister has joined university but has been diagnised with bipolar and she needs support for her individual needs as she continues with her studies . She is on prescription medicine and needs some extra income to take care of her health.", + "original_question": "Is she eligible for disability support as she continues with her studies?" + }, + { + "id": "train-230", + "question": "Scenario: My baby son was born three weeks ago and money is tight. I have one other child who is ten years of age.\n\nQuestion: Will my first born child affect whether I am eligible for a Sure Start Maternity grant?\n\nDocument - Sure Start Maternity Grant:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get a one-off payment of \u00a3500 to help towards the costs of having a child. This is known as a Sure Start Maternity Grant.\n\nIf you live in Scotland you cannot get a Sure Start Maternity Grant. You can apply for a Pregnancy and Baby Payment instead.\n\nYou usually qualify for the grant if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting your first child, or you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins) and have children already\n\n- you or your partner already get certain benefits\n\nYou must claim the grant within 11 weeks of the baby\u2019s due date or within 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth.\n\nYou do not have to pay the grant back and it will not affect your other benefits or tax credits.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## What you'll get\n\nA Sure Start Maternity Grant is \u00a3500 and you do not have to pay it back.\n\nYou may not get a grant if you already have children.\n\n## If you already have children under 16\n\nYou can only get a grant if at least one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)\n\n- the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK\n\n| Children under 16 | Grant if you have twins | Grant if you have triplets |\n\n| You have 1 or more (and none of them are from multiple births) | \u00a3500 | \u00a31,000 |\n\n| You\u2019ve already had twins | \u00a30 | \u00a3500 |\n\n| You\u2019ve already had triplets | \u00a30 | \u00a30 |\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nUsually, to qualify for a Sure Start Maternity Grant there must be no other children in your family. You or your partner must also get one of these benefits:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n- Working Tax Credit that includes a disability or severe disability element\n\n- Universal Credit\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re getting a Support for Mortgage Interest loan.\n\nIf you live in Scotland you cannot get a Sure Start Maternity Grant. You can apply for a Pregnancy and Baby Payment instead.\n\n## If you already have children under 16\n\nYou may still be able to get a grant if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expecting a multiple birth (such as twins)\n\n- the child you\u2019re caring for is someone else\u2019s (but not your partner\u2019s) and the child was over 12 months old when the arrangement started\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted refugee status or humanitarian protection and you have a child or children from before you arrived in the UK\n\nYou must claim by the deadline.\n\n## If you\u2019re not giving birth\n\nYou may also be able to get a grant if you\u2019re adopting or becoming a surrogate parent.\n\nThe baby must be less than 1 year old on the date you claim. You must be receiving one of the benefits above and one of the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve become responsible for the baby and you\u2019re not the mother\n\n- the baby has been placed with you for adoption\n\n- you\u2019ve got permission to adopt a baby from abroad\n\n- you\u2019ve got a parental order for a surrogate birth\n\n- you\u2019ve been appointed as guardian\n\n- you\u2019ve an adoption or a residence order\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim from 11 weeks before the week your baby is due. The latest you can claim is 6 months after your baby is born.\n\nIf you\u2019re becoming responsible for a child, you must claim within 6 months of this happening.\n\n## Claim by post\n\n- Print out and fill in the Sure Start Maternity Grant (SF100) claim form.\n\n- Get a health professional such as a doctor or midwife to fill in the statement on page 10 of the form. You can send your form without this statement if necessary to meet the deadline. If you do this, you\u2019ll be contacted about arranging the statement at a later date.\n\n- Post the form to \u2018Freepost DWP SSMG\u2019 - you do not need a postcode or a stamp.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form and postal address if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you if your claim was successful.\n\nIf you get Universal Credit, you will not get a decision on your claim until after your next payment.\n\n## Get help with your claim\n\nCall the Sure Start Maternity Grant helpline.\n\nYou can also contact Jobcentre Plus.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Sure Start Maternity Grant helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/sure-start-maternity-grant", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My baby son was born three weeks ago and money is tight. I have one other child who is ten years of age.", + "original_question": "Will my first born child affect whether I am eligible for a Sure Start Maternity grant?" + }, + { + "id": "train-231", + "question": "Scenario: In the last month I have been signed off worked by my GP. He said that I should not be working with my current on-going long term mental health condition. This will severely impact my income.\n\nQuestion: I could be off work for years as it is a quite serious mental health condition I have. Can I claim PIP to help cover my bills?\n\nDocument - Personal Independence Payment (PIP):\n## Overview\n\nPersonal Independence Payment (PIP) can help you with some of the extra costs if you have a long term physical or mental health condition or disability.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThe amount you get depends on how your condition affects you, not the condition itself. You\u2019ll be assessed by a health professional to work out the level of help you can get.\n\nYour carer could get Carer\u2019s Allowance if you have substantial caring needs.\n\n## If you get Disability Living Allowance (DLA)\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) is being replaced by PIP for most adults. You\u2019ll keep getting DLA if:\n\n- you\u2019re under 16\n\n- you were born on or before 8 April 1948\n\nIf you were born after 8 April 1948, the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will invite you to apply for PIP. You do not need to do anything until DWP writes to you about your DLA unless your circumstances change.\n\n## Help with PIP\n\nYou can contact a local support organisation or Citizens Advice to get help understanding PIP.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) whether you\u2019re working or not.\n\nYou must be aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age to claim.\n\nYou must also have a physical or mental health condition or disability where you:\n\n- have had difficulties with daily living or getting around (or both) for 3 months\n\n- expect these difficulties to continue for at least 9 months\n\nYou usually need to have lived in England, Scotland or Wales for at least 2 of the last 3 years, and be in one of these countries when you apply. If you\u2019ve recently returned from living in an EEA country, you might be able to get PIP sooner.\n\nFind out about PIP if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re terminally ill and a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live.\n\nYou cannot get PIP and Armed Forces Independence Payment at the same time.\n\n## Daily living difficulties\n\nYou may get the daily living part of PIP if you need help more than half of the time with things like:\n\n- preparing or eating food\n\n- washing, bathing and using the toilet\n\n- dressing and undressing\n\n- reading and communicating\n\n- managing your medicines or treatments\n\n- making decisions about money\n\n- engaging with other people\n\n## Mobility difficulties\n\nYou may get the mobility part of PIP if you need help going out or moving around.\n\n## How you\u2019re assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll be assessed by an independent healthcare professional to work out the level of help you need.\n\n## If you\u2019ve reached State Pension age\n\nYou can get PIP if you:\n\n- were already getting PIP before you reached State Pension age and your condition has not changed\n\n- have been claiming Disability Living Allowance (DLA) and you\u2019ve had a letter inviting you to apply for PIP\n\nYou may get PIP if you previously got it and you were still entitled to it within the last year.\n\nIf you cannot get PIP, you can apply for Attendance Allowance instead.\n\n## Living abroad\n\nYou might still be able to get PIP if you:\n\n- live in an EU or EEA country or Switzerland - you can only get help with daily living needs\n\n- are a member or family member of the Armed Forces\n\n## If you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou must:\n\n- normally live in or show that you intend to settle in the UK, Ireland, the Isle of Man or the Channel Islands\n\n- not be subject to immigration control (unless you\u2019re a sponsored immigrant)\n\nYou might still be able to get PIP if you are a refugee or have humanitarian protection status.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\nPersonal Independence Payment (PIP) is made up of 2 parts - a daily living part and a mobility part. Whether you get one or both of these and how much you\u2019ll get depends on how severely your condition affects you.\n\nYou\u2019ll need an assessment to work out how much you\u2019ll get. Your rate will be regularly reviewed to make sure you\u2019re getting the right support.\n\nPIP is tax free. The amount you get is not affected by your income or savings.\n\nYou need to tell DWP straight away if there\u2019s a change in your personal circumstances or how your condition affects you.\n\n## Daily living part\n\nThe weekly rate for the daily living part of PIP is either \u00a360.00 or \u00a389.60.\n\n## Mobility part\n\nThe weekly rate for the mobility part of PIP is either \u00a323.70 or \u00a362.55.\n\n## Terminal illness\n\nYou\u2019ll get the higher daily living part if you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months. The rate of the mobility part depends on your needs.\n\n## How other benefits affect your PIP\n\nThe daily living part of your PIP will be reduced if you get any of the following benefits:\n\n- Constant Attendance Allowance\n\n- War Pensioners\u2019 Mobility Supplement\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nPIP is usually paid every 4 weeks.\n\nYour decision letter will tell you:\n\n- the date of your first payment\n\n- what day of the week you\u2019ll usually be paid\n\nIf your payment date is on a bank holiday, you\u2019ll usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Other help\n\nYou or your carer might also qualify for other financial help, for example Carer\u2019s Allowance, or help with housing or transport costs.\n\nIf you get PIP and you work, you might also be able to get the disability element of Working Tax Credit (up to \u00a33,220 a year, or up to \u00a34,610 if your disability is severe). Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to find out.\n\n## How to claim\n\nCall the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to make a new Personal Independence Payment (PIP) claim.\n\nThere is a different way to claim if you\u2019re terminally ill.\n\nFind out how to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Claim by telephone or textphone\n\nBefore you call, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your contact details, for example telephone number\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your National Insurance number - this is on letters about tax, pensions and benefits\n\n- your bank or building society account number and sort code\n\n- your doctor or health worker\u2019s name, address and telephone number\n\n- dates and addresses for any time you\u2019ve spent in a care home or hospital\n\n- dates for any time you spent abroad for more than 4 weeks at a time, and the countries you visited\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask DWP to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\n## Claim by post\n\nYou can get a form to send information by post (although this can delay the decision on your claim). Write a letter to ask for the form.\n\n## What happens next\n\n- You\u2019ll be sent a \u2018How your disability affects you\u2019 form. Call the PIP enquiry line if you need it in an alternative format such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n- Fill in the form using the notes that come with it to help you. You can also read Citizens Advice\u2019s help on filling in the form.\n\n- Return the form to DWP - the address is on the form. You have 1 month to return the form. DWP will start processing your claim when they receive your form. Contact the PIP enquiry line if you need more time.\n\n- If more information is needed, an independent health professional will send a letter inviting you to an assessment. Assessments can be in person, over the phone or by video call. You\u2019ll be asked questions about your ability to carry out activities and how your condition affects your daily life. You can read Citizens Advice\u2019s help on preparing for an assessment.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter that tells you whether you\u2019ll get PIP. If you do, you\u2019ll be told how much you\u2019ll get, when you\u2019ll be paid and the date your PIP will be reviewed so that you continue to get the right support.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you\u2019ll only be invited to attend an assessment in person if more information is needed and you cannot do an assessment by phone or video call. Your invitation letter will explain how to attend your appointment safely.\n\nYou cannot apply using any Disability Living Allowance (DLA) forms you may have.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## If your PIP claim is reviewed\n\nThe letter you got when your Personal Independence Payment (PIP) was approved will tell you when your claim will end and if it will be reviewed.\n\nIf your claim is going to be reviewed, the letter will tell you when you\u2019ll be contacted about the review.\n\n## How PIP reviews work\n\nYou will continue to get PIP while your claim is being reviewed.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter asking you to fill in a form called \u2018Award review - how your disability affects you\u2019.\n\n- Fill in the form using the notes that come with it.\n\n- Send the form and any supporting information you have not shared with the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) before - the form explains what to include and where to send it. You\u2019ll need to return it within 1 month. Contact the PIP enquiry line if you need more time.\n\n- DWP will review your form. If they need more information, an independent health professional might phone you to ask some questions or send a letter inviting you to an assessment. Assessments can be in person, over the phone or by video call.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter that tells you what will happen with your PIP. If your needs have changed, your PIP might be increased, reduced or stopped.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you\u2019ll only be invited to an assessment in person if more information is needed and you cannot do an assessment by phone or video call. Your invitation letter will explain how to attend your appointment safely.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nYou must contact the Personal Independence Payment (PIP) enquiry line if:\n\n- your personal details change, for example your name, address or doctor\n\n- the help you need or your condition changes\n\n- your condition has worsened and you\u2019re not expected to live more than 6 months\n\n- you go into hospital or a care home\n\n- you go abroad\n\n- you\u2019re imprisoned or held in detention\n\n- your immigration status changes, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## How to report a change of circumstances\n\nContact the PIP enquiry line to report a change of circumstances.\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## Claiming PIP if you're terminally ill\n\nYou can get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) more quickly if you\u2019re terminally ill.\n\nYou can claim PIP if:\n\n- your doctor or a healthcare professional has said you might have less than 6 months to live\n\n- you are aged 16 or over and usually have not reached State Pension age\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim for yourself or someone else can do it for you.\n\nCall DWP to start your PIP claim. Ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500. They\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to DWP.\n\nYou will not need to go to a face-to-face consultation.\n\nIf you need someone to help you, ask DWP to add them to your call when you:\n\n- phone\n\n- use Relay UK\n\n- use the video relay service\n\nYou cannot do this if you use textphone.\n\nIf you cannot use any of these, someone else can call on your behalf, but you\u2019ll need to be with them when they call.\n\nYou may be able to get other benefits if you\u2019re terminally ill.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pip", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "In the last month I have been signed off worked by my GP. He said that I should not be working with my current on-going long term mental health condition. This will severely impact my income.", + "original_question": "I could be off work for years as it is a quite serious mental health condition I have. Can I claim PIP to help cover my bills?" + }, + { + "id": "train-232", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 26 year old from Wales and my sister has asked me to be her surrogate but she has a history of drug abuse and mental incapacity.\n\nQuestion: Will I be deemed as the child's legal parent if I go through with surrogacy?\n\nDocument - Surrogacy: legal rights of parents and surrogates:\n## Overview\n\nSurrogacy is legal in the UK, but if you make a surrogacy agreement it cannot be enforced by the law.\n\n## The legal parents at birth\n\nIf you use a surrogate, they will be the child\u2019s legal parent at birth.\n\nIf the surrogate is married or in a civil partnership, their spouse or civil partner will be the child\u2019s second parent at birth, unless they did not give their permission.\n\nLegal parenthood can be transferred by parental order or adoption after the child is born.\n\nIf there is disagreement about who the child\u2019s legal parents should be, the courts will make a decision based on the best interests of the child.\n\n## Surrogacy agreements\n\nThe intended parents and surrogate can record how they want the arrangement to work in a surrogacy agreement.\n\nSurrogacy agreements are not enforceable by UK law, even if you have a signed document with your surrogate and have paid their expenses.\n\nYou cannot pay a surrogate in the UK, except for their reasonable expenses.\n\n## Donor\u2019s rights\n\nIf you use donated sperm or eggs with your surrogate, read about the rights of your donor.\n\nRead more about surrogacy and the legal process.\n\n## Become the child\u2019s legal parent\n\nYou must apply for a parental order or adoption if you want to become the legal parent of the child.\n\n## Parental orders\n\nYou can apply for a parental order with a partner or on your own.\n\n## Apply with a partner\n\nOne of you must be genetically related to the child - in other words, be the egg or sperm donor.\n\nYou must be one of the following:\n\n- married\n\n- civil partners\n\n- living as partners\n\nYou must also:\n\n- have the child living with you\n\n- reside permanently in either the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man\n\nYou must apply within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth.\n\n## Apply as an individual\n\nYou must be genetically related to the child - in other words, be the egg or sperm donor.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- have the child living with you\n\n- reside permanently in either the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man\n\nYou can apply for a child of any age if you apply before 4 July 2019. From 4 July 2019 you must apply within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth.\n\n## How to apply in England or Wales\n\nYou must fill in a \u2018C51 application form for a parental order\u2019 and take or send it to a family court.\n\nYou do not have to use your local family court, but you\u2019ll need to explain why if you do not.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide the child\u2019s full birth certificate and will also be charged a court fee of \u00a3215.\n\nThe court will then set a date for the hearing and issue you with a \u2018C52 acknowledgement form\u2019 that you must give to the child\u2019s legal parent, in other words, your surrogate.\n\nThe surrogate and anyone else who\u2019s a parent of the child must agree to the parental order by filling in form A101A.\n\n## How to apply in Scotland or Northern Ireland\n\nThe process is different if you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\nIn Scotland, contact the Court of Session or Sheriff Court.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, contact the Courts and Tribunals Service.\n\n## Adoption\n\nIf neither you or your partner are related to the child, adoption is the only way you can become the child\u2019s legal parent.\n\n## Children born outside the UK\n\nIf your surrogate gives birth abroad, you can only apply for a parental order if you and your partner are living in the UK.\n\nIf the child is not a UK or EU national, they will need a visa to enter the UK during this process.\n\nUsing a surrogate abroad can be complicated because different countries have different rules. You may want to get legal advice or contact The Human Fertilisation and Embryology Authority for more information.\n\nYou can also read about returning to the UK with your child.\n\n## Pay and leave\n\nYou and your partner may be eligible for adoption pay and leave and paternity pay and leave if you use a surrogate.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for paid leave, you may be able to take parental leave or annual leave.\n\n## Surrogates\n\nEvery pregnant employee has the right to 52 weeks\u2019 maternity leave and to return to their job after this.\n\nWhat a surrogate does after the child is born does not affect their right to maternity leave.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-rights-when-using-surrogates-and-donors", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 26 year old from Wales and my sister has asked me to be her surrogate but she has a history of drug abuse and mental incapacity.", + "original_question": "Will I be deemed as the child's legal parent if I go through with surrogacy?" + }, + { + "id": "train-234", + "question": "Scenario: I became unemployed six months ago and am currently receiving Universal Credit. I own my current home but have a repayment mortgage with an outstanding balance of around \u00a332,000, with monthly repayments in the region of \u00a3230 (variable).\n\nQuestion: Will SMI cover the full cost of my monthly repayments?\n\nDocument - Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI):\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re a homeowner, you might be able to get help towards interest payments on:\n\n- your mortgage\n\n- loans you\u2019ve taken out for certain repairs and improvements to your home\n\nThis help is called Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIt\u2019s paid as a loan, which you\u2019ll need to repay with interest when you sell or transfer ownership of your home (unless you\u2019re moving the loan to another property).\n\nYou usually need to be getting, or treated as getting, a qualifying benefit to get SMI.\n\nThere\u2019s no guarantee that you\u2019ll get SMI for a mortgage or loan you take out.\n\n## What you cannot use SMI for\n\nSMI cannot help you pay:\n\n- the amount you borrowed - only the interest on your mortgage\n\n- anything towards insurance policies you have\n\n- missed mortgage payments (arrears)\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you qualify for Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI), you\u2019ll usually get help paying the interest on up to \u00a3200,000 of your loan or mortgage.\n\nHowever, you can only get up to \u00a3100,000 if either:\n\n- you\u2019re getting Pension Credit\n\n- you started claiming another qualifying benefit before January 2009 and you were below State Pension age at that time\n\nIf you\u2019re already getting SMI and move to Pension Credit within 12 weeks of stopping your other benefits, you\u2019ll still get help with interest on up to \u00a3200,000.\n\nThe interest rate used to calculate the amount of SMI you\u2019ll get is currently 2.09%.\n\n## What you\u2019ll pay back\n\nSMI is paid as a loan. You\u2019ll need to repay the money you get with interest when you sell or transfer ownership of your home (unless you\u2019re moving the loan to another property).\n\nThe interest added to the loan can go up or down, but the rate will not change more than twice a year. The current rate is 0.3%.\n\nIf you want to pay the loan back more quickly, you can also make voluntary repayments. The minimum voluntary repayment is \u00a3100 or the outstanding balance if it\u2019s less than \u00a3100.\n\n## How SMI is paid\n\nSMI is normally paid direct to your lender.\n\nPayments can start either:\n\n- from the date you start getting Pension Credit\n\n- after you\u2019ve received Universal Credit for 9 months in a row, as long as you\u2019re not getting certain income\n\n- after you\u2019ve claimed any other qualifying benefit for 39 weeks in a row\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible for a Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI) loan, you usually need to be getting one of the following qualifying benefits:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Pension Credit\n\nContact the relevant office to check if you\u2019re eligible for SMI.\n\nYou can start getting the loan:\n\n- from the date you start getting Pension Credit\n\n- after you\u2019ve claimed Income Support, income-based JSA or income-based ESA for 39 weeks in a row\n\n- after you\u2019ve received Universal Credit for 9 months in a row, as long as you\u2019re not getting certain income\n\n## If you receive Universal Credit\n\nYou cannot get SMI if you get any of the following income:\n\n- earnings from your job if you\u2019re employed or self-employed\n\n- a tax refund\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Statutory Shared Parental Pay\n\nTo start getting SMI (or get it again if your SMI stopped), you\u2019ll need to stop getting this income and then get Universal Credit for 9 months in a row.\n\n## If your income is too high to get a qualifying benefit\n\nYou might still be able to get SMI if you apply for one of the qualifying benefits but cannot get it because your income is too high. You\u2019ll then be treated as getting the benefit you applied for.\n\nYou will not be treated as getting Universal Credit if you cannot get it because your income is too high.\n\n## How to apply\n\nWhen you apply for a qualifying benefit, you\u2019ll be asked extra questions about your housing costs to find out if you\u2019re eligible for Support for Mortgage Interest (SMI). You might also be sent a form asking for more detailed information.\n\nIf you qualify for SMI, you\u2019ll be offered a loan.\n\nIf you turn down the offer at first, you can still accept it at any time as long as you\u2019re eligible for SMI. The payments to your lender will be backdated to when you were first entitled to the loan. Contact the office that pays your benefit.\n\n## If you already get a qualifying benefit\n\nContact the office that pays your benefit to find out if you could get an SMI loan.\n\nThe payments to your lender will be backdated to when you were first entitled to the loan.\n\nIf you get or have applied for Income Support, income-based JSA or income-related ESA, contact Jobcentre Plus.\n\nIf you get or have applied for Pension Credit, contact the Pension Service.\n\nIf you get or have applied for Universal Credit, contact the Universal Credit helpline.\n\n## Repaying your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll need to repay your SMI loan with interest if you sell or transfer ownership of your home.\n\nThe interest you pay can go up or down, but the rate will not change more than twice a year. The current rate is 0.3%. You\u2019ll be told if this is going to change.\n\n## Selling your home\n\nYou will not be asked to sell your home in order to repay your SMI loan.\n\nIf you sell your home, you\u2019ll repay the SMI loan from what\u2019s left after you pay:\n\n- your mortgage\n\n- any home improvement loans\n\n- any other loans secured against your home\n\nIf you do not have enough left to pay off all of the SMI loan, you will have to pay back what you can. The rest of the loan will be written off.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying a new home\n\nYou may be able to transfer the loan to your new home. Contact DWP Loan Management as soon as you know you intend to move, and before you complete your sale.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give DWP Loan Management your solicitor\u2019s contact details. They will work with your solicitor to arrange for the loan to be moved to your new home.\n\nThe office paying your qualifying benefit will also check you\u2019re still eligible.\n\n## Voluntary repayments\n\nIf you want to pay the loan back more quickly, you can also make voluntary repayments. The minimum voluntary repayment is \u00a3100 or the outstanding balance if it\u2019s less than \u00a3100.\n\n## How to repay\n\nContact DWP Loan Repayment to ask for a \u2018settlement letter\u2019 - this will tell you how much you need to pay.\n\nYou can pay by telephone or online banking using the bank account details in your settlement letter.\n\n## Get other financial help with your housing costs\n\nYou can still get financial help with your housing costs if your Income Support, income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance or income-related Employment and Support Allowance is going to stop because you are about to:\n\n- return to work full-time\n\n- work more hours\n\n- earn more money\n\n## Help and support\n\nYou can get free information about housing support from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Money Advice Service\n\n- Shelter", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-for-mortgage-interest", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I became unemployed six months ago and am currently receiving Universal Credit. I own my current home but have a repayment mortgage with an outstanding balance of around \u00a332,000, with monthly repayments in the region of \u00a3230 (variable).", + "original_question": "Will SMI cover the full cost of my monthly repayments?" + }, + { + "id": "train-235", + "question": "Scenario: I am a UK Bachelor of Engineering student and doing engineering in computer science but unfortunately due to my disability I have to use a special keyboard for my course work\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible to apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance ?\n\nDocument - Help if you're a student with a learning difficulty, health problem or disability:\n## Disabled Students' Allowance\n\nDisabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) is support to cover the study-related costs you have because of a mental health problem, long term illness or any other disability.\n\nThis can be on its own or in addition to any student finance you get.\n\nThe type of support and how much you get depends on your individual needs - not your household income.\n\nYou do not need to pay back DSA.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\nUndergraduate and postgraduate students can get up to \u00a325,000 a year for support.\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n| | Specialist equipment allowance | Non-medical helper allowance | General allowance |\n\n| Full-time undergraduate students | Up to \u00a35,849 for the whole course | Up to \u00a323,258 a year | Up to \u00a31,954 a year |\n\n| Part-time undergraduate students | Up to \u00a35,849 for the whole course | Up to \u00a317,443 a year | Up to \u00a31,465 a year |\n\nPostgraduates can get support of up to \u00a320,580 a year.\n\nThese figures are the maximum amounts - most students get less.\n\n## What DSA can pay for\n\nYou can get help with the costs of:\n\n- specialist equipment, for example a computer if you need one because of your disability\n\n- non-medical helpers, for example a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter or specialist note taker\n\n- extra travel to attend your course or placement because of your disability\n\n- other disability-related study support, for example having to print additional copies of documents for proof-reading\n\nDSA does not cover disability-related costs you\u2019d have if you were not attending a course, or costs that any student might have.\n\n## Buying a new computer\n\nYou may get a new computer if you\u2019re assessed as needing one because:\n\n- you do not already have one\n\n- your current one does not meet your study needs\n\nWhen buying a new computer, you\u2019ll need to pay the first \u00a3200.\n\nThe DSA team will send you more information about this after your needs assessment.\n\n## Your \u2018needs assessment\u2019\n\nOnce your eligibility for DSA is confirmed, Student Finance England may ask you to contact an assessment centre to work out what help you need.\n\nThis is known as a needs assessment. Do not book this until Student Finance England asks you to.\n\nThe assessment is paid for through any DSA entitlement you may have.\n\nAfter the assessment, you\u2019ll get a report listing equipment and other support you can get for your course.\n\nDo not buy any equipment until you\u2019ve been assessed - you will not be reimbursed for it.\n\n## How DSA is paid\n\nMoney is paid either into your bank account or directly to the organisation providing the service or equipment.\n\nYou\u2019ll find out how your support will be paid to you after your needs assessment.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) if you live in England and have a disability that affects your ability to study, such as a:\n\n- specific learning difficulty, for example dyslexia or ADHD\n\n- mental health condition, for example anxiety or depression\n\n- physical disability, for example if you have to use crutches, a wheelchair or a special keyboard\n\n- sensory disability, for example if you\u2019re visually impaired, deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\n- long-term health condition, for example cancer, chronic heart disease or HIV\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be an undergraduate or postgraduate student (including Open University or distance learning)\n\n- qualify for student finance from Student Finance England\n\n- be studying on a course that lasts at least a year\n\n## Who is not eligible\n\nYou cannot get DSA from Student Finance England if you\u2019re:\n\n- an EU student who is eligible for fee support only\n\n- eligible for NHS Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances (this is a separate scheme)\n\n- getting equivalent support from another funding source, like from your university or a social work bursary\n\n## Proving you\u2019re eligible\n\nYou will not automatically get DSA - you need proof of your eligibility.\n\n| Condition | Proof |\n\n| Disabilities or long-term health condition | A copy of a report or letter from your doctor or consultant - you can also fill in the disability evidence form (PDF, 65KB) |\n\n| Mental health condition | A copy of a report or letter from your doctor or consultant - you can also fill in the disability evidence form (PDF, 65KB) |\n\n| Specific learning difficulty such as dyslexia | A copy of a \u2018diagnostic assessment\u2019 from a practitioner psychologist or suitably qualified specialist teacher |\n\nYou could get extra help to pay for a new diagnostic assessment.\n\n## Where to send letters or reports from a doctor\n\nYou can send proof of a health condition or learning disability to Student Finance England through your online account - if you have one. You can also send your proof by email or post.\n\n## Your course\n\nYour course must be in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- a Foundation Degree\n\n- a Certificate of Higher Education\n\n- a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)\n\n- a Higher National Certificate (HNC)\n\n- a Higher National Diploma (HND)\n\n- a Postgraduate Certificate of Education (PGCE)\n\n- a postgraduate course\n\n- Initial Teacher Training\n\nCheck with your university or college that your course is recognised.\n\n## Part-time course intensity\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nFor part-time students, your course intensity can affect how much DSA you get.\n\n\u2018Course intensity\u2019 means how long your course takes to complete each year compared to an equivalent full-time course. You can check course intensity with your university or college.\n\nThe rules are different depending on your course.\n\n## Part-time undergraduate courses\n\nYour course cannot be more than 4 times longer than the equivalent full-time course. Your course must last at least a year.\n\n## Part-time postgraduate master\u2019s courses\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for a Postgraduate Loan for a part-time master\u2019s degree, the course must not last more than twice as long as the full-time equivalent.\n\n## How to apply\n\nHow you apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance (DSA) depends on whether you\u2019re studying full-time or part-time.\n\n## Full-time students\n\n## If you\u2019ve already applied for student finance\n\nSign in to your student finance account to start your DSA application.\n\nThe application for DSA should be on your \u2018to-do list\u2019 if you chose DSA in your application for other support. If it is not, select \u2018change your circumstances\u2019 to apply.\n\nIf you do not have an online account because you applied for student finance by post, fill in a student finance form (form DSA1).\n\n## If you have not applied for student finance\n\nYou can apply for DSA when you apply for student finance online.\n\nIf you do not need student finance, you can fill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to apply just for DSA.\n\nYou cannot apply for student finance online once you\u2019ve applied for DSA.\n\n## Part-time students\n\nFill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to apply for DSA.\n\n## If you\u2019re already getting DSA\n\nFill in a student finance form (form DSA1) to claim back your expenses.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou\u2019ll get confirmation of whether your application is successful within 6 weeks.\n\nIt can take up to 14 weeks to get your DSA support in place as this is done separately.\n\n## Further information\n\nContact the disability adviser at your university or college if you need advice about financial help.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nContact Student Finance England if your circumstances change as this may affect what you\u2019re entitled to. For example, if your condition gets worse you may be able to get extra help.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can ask for an explanation or to have your case reviewed if your application is turned down. Contact Student Finance England for more details.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disabled-students-allowance-dsa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a UK Bachelor of Engineering student and doing engineering in computer science but unfortunately due to my disability I have to use a special keyboard for my course work", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible to apply for Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-237", + "question": "Scenario: I recently accepted a position as an agricultural worker at a farm in Wales. This is my first position in this field so I am still learning and am under supervision at work. I was told that I am a Grade 1 worker. There was a hailstorm yesterday which cut off work early. And the forecasts state the weather will remain quite bad for the next couple of weeks.\n\nQuestion: Am I entitled to monetary compensation despite the bad weather?\n\nDocument - Agricultural workers' rights:\n## Overview\n\nAgricultural workers in Wales, and those employed in England before 1 October 2013, are normally entitled to:\n\n- minimum rates of pay which may be higher than the National Minimum Wage\n\n- paid holiday\n\n- Agricultural Sick Pay\n\n- pay even if bad weather stops work\n\n- night work pay\n\n- on-call allowance\n\n- 30-minute rest breaks, if they are 18 or over and work more than 5.5 hours a day\n\nThere are different employment rights for agricultural workers employed in England from 1 October 2013.\n\nThere are also different rules for agricultural workers\u2019 rights in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Terms and conditions\n\n## England\n\nAgricultural workers in England employed before 1 October 2013 still have the terms and conditions set out in the Agricultural Wages (England and Wales) Order 2012.\n\n## Wales\n\nBefore starting work, employers must give agricultural workers in Wales an Agricultural Wage Order. This sets out many of the terms and conditions of employment. But, employers must still give agricultural workers a written statement of employment particulars.\n\nThis sets out many of the terms and conditions of employment. However, agricultural workers must still be given a written statement of employment particulars by their employer.\n\n## Trainees\n\nTrainees have different rights, for example they do not get paid holidays.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nIf you were employed in England before 1 October 2013, you can contact the Acas helpline or use the Acas Helpline Online to get further advice.\n\nYou can also make a complaint to the Rural Payments agency.\n\nFor queries about wages and rights in Wales after 1 October 2013 contact the Agriculture: Sustainable Development Division.\n\n## What counts as an agricultural worker\n\nAn agricultural worker is someone who works in:\n\n- farming and rearing animals\n\n- growing produce including non-edible crops like bulbs, plants and flowers\n\n- forestry, market gardens and nurseries\n\n- maintaining meadow or pasture land, woodlands and reed beds\n\nThis list does not include everything. If you\u2019re not sure if a job counts as work in agriculture, call the Acas helpline.\n\n## Pay and overtime\n\nAgricultural workers in England must be paid at least the National Minimum Wage. Workers employed before the rules changed on 1 October 2013 still have the right to the Agricultural Minimum Wage if it says so in their contract.\n\nAgricultural workers in Wales must be paid at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage, or the National Minimum Wage if that\u2019s higher. The Agricultural Minimum Wage depends on the worker\u2019s job grade and category.\n\n## Agricultural Minimum Wage\n\n## Grades 1 to 6\n\nIf a worker\u2019s contract says they should work 39 hours a week (not including overtime) they must be paid the weekly rate, otherwise they must be paid the hourly rate.\n\n| | Weekly pay | Hourly pay | Hourly overtime |\n\n| Grade 1 (compulsory school age) | n/a | \u00a33.11 | \u00a34.67 |\n\n| Grade 1 (above compulsory school age) | \u00a3242.19 | \u00a36.21 | \u00a39.32 |\n\n| Grade 2 | \u00a3271.44 | \u00a36.96 | \u00a310.44 |\n\n| Grade 3 | \u00a3298.74 | \u00a37.66 | \u00a311.49 |\n\n| Grade 4 | \u00a3320.19 | \u00a38.21 | \u00a312.32 |\n\n| Grade 5 | \u00a3339.30 | \u00a38.70 | \u00a313.05 |\n\n| Grade 6 | \u00a3366.60 | \u00a39.40 | \u00a314.10 |\n\n## Full-time and part-time flexible workers\n\nFlexible workers must be paid at least the weekly rate if they are full-time, or at least the hourly rate if they are part-time.\n\n| | Hourly pay | Weekly pay | Hourly overtime |\n\n| Grade 1 - 6 days per week | \u00a36.64 | \u00a3258.96 | \u00a39.32 |\n\n| Grade 1 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a36.52 | \u00a3254.28 | \u00a39.32 |\n\n| Grade 2 - 6 days per week | \u00a37.45 | \u00a3290.55 | \u00a310.44 |\n\n| Grade 2 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a37.31 | \u00a3285.09 | \u00a310.44 |\n\n| Grade 3 - 6 days per week | \u00a38.20 | \u00a3319.80 | \u00a311.49 |\n\n| Grade 3 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a38.04 | \u00a3313.56 | \u00a311.49 |\n\n| Grade 4 - 6 days per week | \u00a38.78 | \u00a3342.42 | \u00a312.32 |\n\n| Grade 4 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a38.62 | \u00a3336.18 | \u00a312.32 |\n\n| Grade 5 - 6 days per week | \u00a39.31 | \u00a3363.09 | \u00a313.05 |\n\n| Grade 5 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a39.14 | \u00a3356.46 | \u00a313.05 |\n\n| Grade 6 - 6 days per week | \u00a310.06 | \u00a3392.34 | \u00a314.10 |\n\n| Grade 6 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a39.87 | \u00a3384.93 | \u00a314.10 |\n\n## Apprentices\n\nFor years 3 and above, apprentices must receive at least the rate for Grade 2 workers.\n\n| | Weekly pay | Hourly pay | Hourly overtime |\n\n| Year 1 - any age | \u00a3139.23 | \u00a33.57 | \u00a35.36 |\n\n| Year 2 - age 16 to 17 | \u00a3145.08 | \u00a33.72 | \u00a35.52 |\n\n| Year 2 - age 18 to 20 | \u00a3196.17 | \u00a35.03 | \u00a37.47 |\n\n| Year 2 - age 21 and over | \u00a3246.09 | \u00a36.31 | \u00a39.29 |\n\n## Trainees\n\nA trainee does not have to be paid for:\n\n- the hours they\u2019re being trained\n\n- holidays\n\nThey should be paid for any work done as part of a separate contract.\n\n## Training courses\n\nIf an employed worker is on a training course, they should be paid at least their normal wage - including for the time spent travelling to and from the training.\n\n## Overtime\n\nOvertime must be paid if a person works:\n\n- more than 39 basic hours in a week\n\n- more than 8 hours in a day\n\n- any hours over the normal working hours in the employment contract\n\n- on a public or bank holiday\n\n- on a Sunday - if the contract started before 1 October 2006\n\n## Piece work\n\nEven if they are paid for completing a task, for example for each box of fruit packed, a worker must be paid the Agricultural Minimum Wage according to the hours they work.\n\n## Night work\n\nA worker who works at any time between 7pm and 6am must be paid \u00a31.36 per hour more than their basic pay rate.\n\n## Dog allowance\n\nIf a worker keeps a dog for their job, they must get \u00a37.63 a week for each dog.\n\n## Tied accommodation\n\nIf a worker gets a house or \u2018self-contained accommodation\u2019 as part of their job they can be paid \u00a31.50 less than their normal weekly pay. They may automatically get an agricultural tenancy.\n\nIf the accommodation is not a house - for example, a caravan - they can be paid \u00a34.82 less each day they stay there.\n\nAccommodation must be safe, warm, secure - and have toilet and washing facilities and fresh drinking water.\n\n## On-call allowance\n\nThe on-call allowance for a worker is 2 hours\u2019 overtime pay for their grade, and is paid if they are not at work but have an arrangement with their employer:\n\n- to be contactable by an agreed method\n\n- to be able to reach their workplace within an agreed time\n\nIf they are called into work, they must be paid overtime for the hours they work, or for 2 hours - whichever is the higher.\n\n## Sick pay\n\nAgricultural workers are entitled to sick pay, meaning they\u2019ll get at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage when they\u2019re off.\n\n## Grades and categories\n\nThe minimum wage and other rights and entitlements for agricultural workers depends on their grade and category.\n\n## Grades\n\nAn agricultural worker\u2019s grade is based on their skills and responsibilities.\n\n## Grade 1 - initial grade\n\nA grade 1 worker is usually supervised and works on simple tasks like harvesting or packing.\n\nThey have the right to be trained to become a grade 2 worker once they\u2019ve worked for the same employer continuously for 30 weeks.\n\n## Grade 2 - standard worker\n\nSomeone is a grade 2 worker if they have one of the following:\n\n- a vocational qualification of at least NVQ at level 2\n\n- a certificate of competence for the agricultural sector they work in\n\nSomeone is also a grade 2 worker if they:\n\n- work mainly unsupervised\n\n- work with animals\n\n- use powered machinery\n\n- drive a tractor\n\n## Grade 3 - lead worker\n\nIf someone has worked in agriculture for at least 2 of the past 5 years, they\u2019re a grade 3 worker if they have either:\n\n- a National Certificate in agriculture or horticulture\n\n- 4 certificates of competence or non-accredited competencies, for the agricultural sector they work in\n\nSomeone is also a grade 3 worker if\n\n- they manage a team - but not discipline team members\n\n- their employer views them as a grade 3 team leader and they\u2019ve completed a one month (maximum) trial period\n\n## Grade 4 - craft grade\n\nSomeone is a grade 4 worker if they have:\n\n- an NVQ level 3 vocational qualification\n\n- 8 certificates of competence for the agricultural sector they work in\n\nThey should also have:\n\n- worked for the same employer continuously for 12 months since getting this qualification\n\n- worked in agriculture for at least 2 of the past 5 years\n\nThere are other qualifications for grade 4 - you can get more help and advice.\n\n## Grade 5 - supervisory grade\n\nA grade 5 worker is responsible for either:\n\n- supervising work on a farm on a daily basis\n\n- instructing, supervising and disciplining staff\n\n## Grade 6 - farm management grade\n\nA grade 6 worker has either:\n\n- management responsibility for a farm - or part of a farm if it\u2019s run as a separate business\n\n- responsibility for employing, disciplining and dismissing staff\n\n## Categories\n\nAn agricultural worker\u2019s category depends on their duties, responsibilities and/or qualifications.\n\n## Flexible workers\n\nFlexible workers must have a written \u2018flexible working agreement\u2019.\n\nA full-time flexible worker works:\n\n- a 39 basic hour week - the hours can vary over different days\n\n- set working hours and working days, which cannot be changed unless agreed with the employer\n\n- on a Sunday when needed\n\nA part-time flexible worker works:\n\n- less than 39 basic hours a week - the hours can vary over different days\n\n- set working hours and working days, which cannot be changed unless agreed with the employer\n\n## Trainee\n\nA trainee is someone who is:\n\n- on work experience as part of a Business, Innovation and Skills-approved training scheme\n\n- on work experience in agriculture as part of the Diploma in Environmental and Land-Based Studies for 14 to 19-year-olds\n\n- taking part in the second phase of the European Leonardo da Vinci Programme\n\n## Apprentice\n\nRights for apprentices are different.\n\n## Agricultural tenancies\n\nIf an agricultural worker gets a self-contained home as part of their job they may automatically have an \u2018assured agricultural occupancy\u2019. This will not happen if they had a written notice at the start of the tenancy saying that it was an assured shorthold tenancy instead.\n\n## How it starts\n\nAn assured agricultural occupancy starts when the worker has been employed in agriculture (by any employer) for 91 weeks of the last 104, including paid holiday and sick leave, and:\n\n- the tenant works 35 hours or more a week\n\n- the accommodation is owned by the farmer, or arranged by them\n\n## Who can get one\n\nThe tenant must be a serving farm worker or a:\n\n- farm manager or family worker\n\n- retired farm worker\n\n- farm worker forced to give up work\n\n- former farm worker who has taken other employment\n\n- deceased farm worker\u2019s widow, widower or family member of a worker and were living with the worker when they died\n\nThey have to have been working for the farmer who provides or arranges the accommodation.\n\nYou can get more detailed information on who can get an assured agricultural occupancy in \u2018agricultural lettings\u2019.\n\n## Rent increases\n\nThe rent can go up at any time if the worker agrees - if they do not, then it can only go up yearly, unless a different interval is stated in the tenancy agreement. The farmer must tell the worker in writing before putting the rent up.\n\n## The employment ends\n\nIf the worker loses their job or retires, they can stay in the accommodation. The farmer can ask them to start paying rent - or a higher rent than before. If the farmer and worker cannot agree on a rent, they can go to a rent assessment committee.\n\nIf the farmer wants the property back, they can apply to the courts, although they may have to provide the tenant with suitable alternative accommodation. If nothing suitable is available, the tenant may be entitled to re-housing by the council.\n\n## The farmer wants to end the tenancy\n\nThe farmer may want the property back for a new worker, or to end the tenancy because the worker is:\n\n- not paying the rent\n\n- breaking terms of the tenancy agreement\n\n- damaging the property or its contents\n\n- being a nuisance to neighbours\n\nIf the worker does not leave willingly, the farmer will have to go to court, and the court will decide whether the worker has to go. If the worker is still a serving farm worker, the farmer may have to provide alternative accommodation.\n\n## If a tenant dies\n\nThe tenancy will automatically pass to their husband or wife. If they did not have a husband or wife, it can pass to another family member if they lived there for the 2 years before the worker\u2019s death.\n\n## Gangmasters\n\nAn individual or business that provides workers for agricultural work is called a \u2018gangmaster\u2019.\n\nGangmasters must be licensed if they provide workers for:\n\n- agriculture\n\n- horticulture\n\n- dairy farming\n\n- food and drink processing or packaging\n\n- forestry\n\n- gathering shellfish (anybody who uses supplied workers to gather shellfish also needs to be licensed)\n\nThere are some jobs in these industries that do not need a gangmaster licence.\n\nYou can check if a gangmaster is licensed.\n\n## Changes to employment terms and conditions\n\nFrom 1 October 2013, the terms and conditions changed for agricultural and horticultural workers in England who begin new jobs. This includes workers supplied by a gangmaster.\n\n## Employment started on or after 1 October 2013\n\nWorkers must receive at least:\n\n- the National Minimum Wage\n\n- other statutory minimum terms of employment\n\n## Employment started before 1 October 2013\n\nWorkers, including those supplied by a gangmaster, are still entitled to the terms and conditions of their contract.\n\nFor example, this might mean workers are entitled to overtime rates, agricultural sick pay and dog allowance. Where accommodation is provided in a contract, workers can continue living in that accommodation.\n\nThese entitlements and any other terms and conditions already agreed will continue to apply unless the contract is changed by mutual agreement or it finishes.\n\nWorkers must always be paid at least the appropriate National Minimum Wage. A worker\u2019s rate must be raised if it ever falls below the minimum.\n\n## Enforcement of workers\u2019 rights\n\nWorkers should contact the Acas helpline if they\u2019re concerned that they\u2019re not working under the right terms and conditions.\n\n## Wales\n\nThere is no change in terms and conditions for workers in Wales after 1 October 2013.\n\nWorkers should contact the Agriculture: Sustainable Development Division if they\u2019re concerned they\u2019re not working under the correct terms and conditions.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/agricultural-workers-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently accepted a position as an agricultural worker at a farm in Wales. This is my first position in this field so I am still learning and am under supervision at work. I was told that I am a Grade 1 worker. There was a hailstorm yesterday which cut off work early. And the forecasts state the weather will remain quite bad for the next couple of weeks.", + "original_question": "Am I entitled to monetary compensation despite the bad weather?" + }, + { + "id": "train-239", + "question": "Scenario: I am the owner of a passenger ferry company. We encourage older applicants for all our ships' senior crew, and recently had one for the position of Master where the applicant had a Certificate of Service rather than the modern Certificate of Competency.\n\nQuestion: Is the Certificate of Service still an acceptable qualification for employing a Deck Officer such as this?\n\nDocument - Hiring crew for ships and yachts:\n## Overview\n\nWhen you\u2019re hiring crew for a ship or yacht, you must:\n\n- check crew members\u2019 discharge books to make sure they have the qualifications and certificates of competency for their jobs\n\n- check that all crew members have the necessary medical certificates for the work they\u2019ll be doing\n\n- make sure everyone has the necessary travel documents\n\n- check that all crew can speak the ship\u2019s common working language\n\n- draw up a crew agreement\n\n- send a full crew list to the owner of the ship or yacht\n\nYou must make sure all crew members know the ship\u2019s safety and emergency procedures before the start of your journey.\n\n## Checking crew qualifications\n\nYou must check crew members\u2019 discharge books to make sure everyone has the necessary qualifications and experience.\n\nCrew members doing specialist jobs or working on particular types of craft may need special training.\n\n## Officers\n\nOfficers in your crew must have the necessary certificates of competency (CoCs).\n\nCheck that officers\u2019 CoCs are valid on the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) website.\n\nOfficers may need special training if working on tankers, high-speed craft or passenger ships.\n\n## Merchant navy ratings\n\nMake sure that all crew have the correct rating for the work they\u2019ll be doing. Watch ratings need a CoC if they\u2019re performing navigation or engine room duties.\n\n## Crew on large yachts (24 metres long or over)\n\nYou must make sure your crew have a MCA Yacht Rating Certificate or other MCA recognised qualification, for example:\n\n- an able seaman (AB) certificate issued under the International Labour Organisation (ILO) AB Convention\n\n- a UK efficient deck hand (EDH) certificate\n\n- a navigational or engine room watch rating certificate issued under Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW)\n\n## Certificates of competency\n\nYou must follow international regulations from Standards in Training Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) if you have a commercial vessel going to sea.\n\nSome crew members need a certificate of competency (CoC) or certificate of equivalent competency (CEC) to carry out certain duties.\n\nFor seafarers\u2019 CoCs to remain valid on certain types of ship they\u2019ll need to meet new training standards in line with STCW regulations (\u20182010 Manila Amendments\u2019).\n\n## Deck officers\n\nMasters and other deck department officers need a CoC if they\u2019re performing:\n\n- bridge watch-keeping duties\n\n- navigational duties\n\nCoCs for deck officers are restricted depending on:\n\n- the size of the ship or yacht\n\n- the area of sea where it will operate\n\nDownload an application for a CoC for:\n\n- masters, chief mates and deck officers in the merchant navy\n\n- masters, chief mates and deck officers on yachts\n\nYou can use a Certificate of Service instead, if you have one. These were issued until 1998.\n\n## Engineer officers\n\nEngineer officers on a ship or yacht with a power output of 750 kilowatts or more need a CoC. There are different CoCs for engineer officers, depending on:\n\n- the power output of the ship or yacht\n\n- the area of sea where it will be operating\n\nDownload an application for a CoC for:\n\n- a merchant navy engineering officer\n\n- a yacht engineering officer\n\n## Revalidating CoCs\n\nDeck and engineering officers must revalidate their certificate every 5 years. They do this by showing they\u2019ve completed either:\n\n- 12 months\u2019 sea service in the last 5 years\n\n- 3 months\u2019 sea service in the last 6 months\n\n- 2.5 years in a relevant job - contact the MCA for advice\n\nUse form MSF 4258 if someone you want to hire can\u2019t revalidate their CoC because they don\u2019t meet the requirements.\n\n## Watch ratings\n\nWatch ratings on merchant ships need a CoC if they\u2019re performing navigation or engine room duties.\n\n## Radio operators\n\nRadio operators need CoCs if they handle distress and safety radio-communications. All radio personnel serving on UK-registered ships must have either:\n\n- a Restricted Operator\u2019s Certificate (ROC)\n\n- a General Operator\u2019s Certificate (GOC)\n\n## Other crew\n\nShips\u2019 cooks and security officers may also need a CoC.\n\n## More information\n\nTo find out more about the certification structure and examination and training requirements, read:\n\n- MSN 1856 (M+F) for merchant navy deck officers\n\n- MSN 1857 (M+F) for merchant navy engineer officers\n\nContact the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) to find out which members of your crew need a CoC.\n\n## Certificate of equivalent competency (CEC)\n\nA CEC allows officers holding Standards of Training Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW) certificates issued by some non-UK countries to work as officers on UK-registered merchant ships.\n\nTo get a CEC, your crew member must complete the CEC application form. As part of the application process they may be asked to prove their:\n\n- standards of competency\n\n- ability to use the English language (this may include an oral exam)\n\n- knowledge of UK law relating to their job\n\nRead more about CECs or download part 19 of the MCA\u2019s training and certification guidance for more information.\n\n## Crew agreements\n\nA crew agreement is an employment contract between a ship or yacht\u2019s owners and its crew.\n\nAll crew agreements must have:\n\n- a cover with details of the ship and its owners\n\n- an up-to-date crew list with names, dates of birth and addresses\n\n- a list of anyone on board who is under 18 or exempt from a crew agreement\n\n- contractual clauses for each crew member\n\nA crew agreement can last up to 12 months. After this period, a new agreement must be drawn up.\n\n## What goes in a contractual clause\n\nClauses must include:\n\n- the name of the crew member\n\n- a description of the journey(s) that the agreement relates to\n\n- the crew member\u2019s job description\n\n- details of their pay, hours and leave\n\n- details of required notice and how the crew agreement can be terminated\n\nThe Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) gives guidance on drawing up crew agreements for merchant ships and yachts:\n\n- download MGN 148 \u2018Approval of crew agreements: merchant ships\n\n- download MGN 149 \u2018Approval of crew agreements: yachts\n\nContact MCA for advice on drawing up a crew agreement.\n\n## What to do once you\u2019ve drawn up a crew agreement\n\n- Get every crew member to sign the agreement when they join the ship and at the end of the journey.\n\n- File the agreement with the shipping registry in the ship\u2019s \u2018flag state\u2019 (the country where it\u2019s registered).\n\n- Display a copy on board the vessel.\n\n- Send a copy (with the official log book, if a merchant ship) to a superintendent or proper officer within 3 days of its expiry.\n\n## Who signs a crew agreement\n\nMost of the people on board a ship or yacht must sign the crew agreement. However, certain personnel will have separate employment contracts and won\u2019t have to sign, like:\n\n- captains\n\n- bodyguards\n\n- nannies\n\n- entertainment staff\n\n## Travel documents\n\nAll crew members must have either:\n\n- a valid passport\n\n- a Seafarers Identity Document (SID) containing a photograph, signature (or fingerprints) and a description of the holder, including their nationality\n\nThe standard seafarer\u2019s identity document for British citizens is the British seaman\u2019s card.\n\n## Crew lists\n\nThe master or skipper of a UK-registered ship must provide the ship\u2019s owner with a copy of an up-to-date crew list at the start of each journey. They must also tell the owner if there are any changes of crew during the journey.\n\nIf a ship is lost at sea, the crew list will be used to find out who is missing. The ship\u2019s owner should hand the crew list in to a local Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Marine Office or post it to:", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hiring-crew", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the owner of a passenger ferry company. We encourage older applicants for all our ships' senior crew, and recently had one for the position of Master where the applicant had a Certificate of Service rather than the modern Certificate of Competency.", + "original_question": "Is the Certificate of Service still an acceptable qualification for employing a Deck Officer such as this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-243", + "question": "Scenario: I got offered a seafarer position from one of my Dad's friends. I recently turned 17 and the offer seems like a nice way to spend the summer and gain some experience. He mentioned that I will mostly be working during the day but may sometimes have to fulfill nightly duties.\n\nQuestion: Do I meet the age requirements for the position?\n\nDocument - Seafarer working and living rights:\n## Overview\n\nAll seafarers have working and living rights that include:\n\n- employment contracts\n\n- accommodation\n\n- food and medical care\n\nA seafarer is anyone who works on board a seagoing ship, including:\n\n- master and crew\n\n- self-employed contractors\n\n- shopkeepers and hairdressers\n\n- entertainers\n\nA seagoing ship is any vessel:\n\n- on an international voyage or from a foreign port\n\n- on a domestic journey from the UK coast\n\n- more than 500 gross tonnes\n\nThe Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006 came into force on 7 August 2014. It replaced all existing laws on seafarers\u2019 rights.\n\n## Working conditions\n\nThere are minimum requirements seafarers must meet to work at sea.\n\n## Minimum age\n\nThe minimum age for seafarers is 16, although this is 18 if the work involves any:\n\n- night work\n\n- hazardous tasks\n\n## Hazardous tasks\n\nManual tasks on a ship can be hazardous if not done properly, like:\n\n- lifting\n\n- hauling\n\n- mooring\n\n- towing\n\nEmployers of seafarers must ensure their staff:\n\n- know how to operate any equipment correctly\n\n- are aware of safety procedures\n\n- have access to protective personal equipment if needed\n\n## Medical certification for seafarers\n\nAnyone in charge of a ship must have an ENG1 seafarer medical certificate.\n\n## Certificates of competency\n\nSome seafarers will need a certificate of competency before they can carry out certain duties.\n\n## Conditions of employment\n\nSeafarers\u2019 employment contracts are covered by the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006.\n\n## Working time regulations\n\nAll seafarers on seagoing ships are entitled to:\n\n- a minimum of 10 hours\u2019 rest in any 24 hour period\n\n- 77 hours rest in any 7 day period\n\n- at least 4 weeks\u2019 paid annual leave\n\nRead the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002 for more information.\n\n## The 'human element'\n\nThe term \u2018human element\u2019 covers anything to do with the interaction between a human and any system aboard ship, and is of high importance in maritime safety and security.\n\nFactors which affect the human element include:\n\n- recruitment and selection policies and methods\n\n- crew competence, training and experience\n\n- conditions of service, motivation and morale\n\n- design, construction and ergonomics\n\n- standards of build and certification\n\n- maintenance\n\n- stress and fatigue\n\n- security\n\n- living and working conditions\n\n- manning levels and hours of work\n\n- management policies\n\n- safety management systems\n\n- operational systems\n\n- organisational and safety culture\n\n- culture of continuous improvement and workforce engagement\n\nFor more information read \u2018The human element: a guide to human behaviour in the shipping industry\u2019.\n\n## Safe working practices\n\nAll UK ships must carry copies of the \u2018Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen\u2019, unless it\u2019s a fishing boat or pleasure vessel.\n\n## Safe manning of ships\n\nEmployers must ensure their ships have enough properly trained and certificated officers so that it can operate safely at all times.\n\nThere must also be sufficient food on board for the number of seafarers serving.\n\nRead more in \u2018Merchant Shipping Notice 1868 (M) UK requirements for safe manning and watchkeeping\u2019.\n\n## Noise and vibration\n\nA seafarer\u2019s employer must carry out risk assessments to identify who\u2019s at risk from noise or vibration in their work and what can be done to reduce or remove these risks.\n\n## Protective personal equipment (PPE)\n\nA seafarer\u2019s employer must give them suitable protective equipment if they\u2019re performing dangerous tasks.\n\nYou can find further information in the code of safe working practices for merchant seafarers.\n\n## Living conditions\n\nSeafarers\u2019 living conditions are covered by Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) rules on crew accommodation.\n\n## Food and catering\n\nSeafarers\u2019 food and catering conditions are covered by MSN 1845 under MLC rules.\n\n## Health and safety\n\nEmployers of seafarers must follow health and safety rules and provide:\n\n- safe working places and environment\n\n- safe machinery and equipment\n\n- health and safety training, instruction, supervision and information\n\n- a health and safety policy\n\n- protective clothing and equipment where necessary\n\n- information for workers about the findings of their risk assessment\n\n- information on what qualifications any temporary workers must have\n\n- information about their activities and staff to the company\n\n## Risk assessments\n\nAny vessel seafarers work onboard must have had a risk assessment carried out by their employer or the ship owner.\n\n## New or expectant mothers\n\nWhere women of childbearing age are employed as seafarers, a risk assessment must take place of any potential hazard likely to affect a new or expectant mother.\n\nIt does not matter if they are pregnant at the time of the assessment or not.\n\nIf a risk is found that cannot be removed, a new or expectant mother working as a seafarer can be suspended on full pay providing they have either:\n\n- told their employer they\u2019re pregnant\n\n- given birth in the last 6 months\n\n- are breastfeeding\n\nFor more information on health and safety rules for new and expectant mothers, contact the Seafarer Safety and Health Branch of the Maritime and Coastguard Authority (MCA).\n\n## Additional dangers\n\nSeafarers may face additional dangers when living onboard ships.\n\n## Petrol generators\n\nShips that use petrol generators must have a risk assessment carried out to make sure they provide:\n\n- sufficient power for accommodation and lighting\n\n- adequate ventilation\n\n- adequate alarms - for example, carbon monoxide alarms\n\n## Fumigating cargo spaces\n\nIf pesticides are on board a ship, employers must make sure:\n\n- adequate breathing aids are provided for seafarers checking fumigated cargo bulks\n\n- the ship\u2019s destination port is told 24 hours in advance of receiving this cargo\n\n- properly trained personnel check the relevant cargo bulks at port\n\n## Illegal drugs\n\nThe unauthorised presence of drugs on board a ship can have serious legal implications for seafarers and employers, potentially resulting in:\n\n- heavy fines\n\n- detention of a ship\n\n- imprisonment\n\n- the death penalty\n\n## Potentially dangerous cargo\n\nIf seafarers deal with certain toxic cargo or equipment on board ships, their employer must follow a number of specific requirements.\n\nYou can find further information on specialist ships in section 4 of the Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen.\n\n## Health and medical care\n\nEmployers must protect their seafarers\u2019 health by:\n\n- providing immunisations for certain infectious diseases\n\n- making sure hygiene measures are effective and minimise the risks of infection\n\n- making arrangements for infection control\n\n- having the right medical supplies\n\n- knowing the routes and destinations of their ships\n\nUntil the UK made the Maritime Labour Convention (MLA) law, seafarers\u2019 health and safety regulations were covered by the Merchant Shipping Act 1995\n\n## Maritime Labour Convention\n\nThe Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) came into force for the UK on 7 August 2014. It sets out the minimum working and living rights for seafarers.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nThe MLC does not cover seafarers serving on the following boats:\n\n- ships navigating inland or sheltered waters subject to port regulations\n\n- fishing vessels\n\n- warships and naval auxiliaries\n\n- traditional ships, such as dhows\n\n## Minimum requirements\n\nThe MLC sets out minimum standards for seafarers to work on a ship, including:\n\n- minimum age\n\n- medical certification\n\n- training and qualifications\n\n## Age\n\nThe minimum age for seafarers will be 16. Night workers have to be 18 or over.\n\nExceptions can be allowed for:\n\n- training purposes\n\n- where the seafarer\u2019s duties require it, as long as their health and safety is not affected\n\n## Medical certification\n\nAll seafarers must have the right medical certificate to work at sea before they can work on ships.\n\n## Training and qualifications\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers will need to:\n\n- be trained and qualified to perform onboard duties\n\n- receive personal safety training\n\n- for training to conform to International Maritime Organisation standards\n\nFind out more about seafarer training and qualifications.\n\n## Conditions of employment\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers have minimum working rights covering:\n\n- employment agreements\n\n- wages\n\n- hours of rest\n\n- entitlement to leave\n\n- repatriation\n\n- compensation for a ship\u2019s loss or foundering\n\n- manning levels\n\n- career and skills development\n\n- employment opportunities\n\n## Employment contracts\n\nThe convention makes sure contracts between seafarers and shipowner provide fair living and working conditions.\n\nContracts should be in English and include:\n\n- shipowner\u2019s name and address\n\n- seafarer\u2019s name, date and place of birth\n\n- place and date where agreement signed\n\n- conditions for the termination of agreement\n\n- health and social security protection benefits provided by shipowner\n\n- seafarer\u2019s right to repatriation\n\nSeafarers must also be:\n\n- allowed to read and consider contracts before signing them\n\n- given a record of their employment\n\n- given their own copy of their contract (the shipowner should also have a copy)\n\n## Wages\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers\u2019 wages must be:\n\n- paid regularly - for example, monthly\n\n- include monthly statements of accounts\n\n- allow seafarers to transfer part or all of their wages\n\n- keep currency conversion charges to reasonable limits\n\n## Hours of rest\n\nHours of rest must be at least:\n\n- 10 hours in any 24 hour period\n\n- 77 hours in any 7 day period\n\nCrew exercises, such as lifeboat drills, must cause minimal disruption to rest periods. Seafarers called out in a rest period are entitled to a rest period to make up for it.\n\nYou can read Merchant Shipping Notice (MSN) 1848 (M) Amendment 3 MLC survey and certification of UK ships.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers are entitled to paid leave calculated at 2.5 days per calendar month of employment.\n\nRead more about holiday pay for seafarers in the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002.\n\n## Repatriation\n\nThis gives seafarers the right to be returned to their home country:\n\n- when their employment contract ends or is cancelled\n\n- when they\u2019re no longer able to carry out their duties\n\n- in the event of shipwreck\n\n- if their ship is bound for a war zone they have not agreed to go to\n\nShipowners cannot request advance payment for repatriation from seafarers. If a shipowner does not make repatriation arrangements, seafarers on UK ships can be repatriated by the MCA.\n\n## Accommodation and recreational facilities\n\nThe Maritime and Labour Convention (MLC) ensures seafarers have access to decent accommodation and recreational facilities when living on ships.\n\n## Medical care\n\nThese cover seafarers\u2019 rights to:\n\n- decent on board health protection facilities, including essential dental care\n\n- the right to visit qualified medical personnel while in port\n\n- access to a qualified medical doctor on ships carrying more than 100 people on international voyages lasting more than 3 days\n\n- where there is no doctor on board, there must be designated and able seafarer(s) to provide first aid and medical care\n\n## Shipowner\u2019s liabilities\n\nUnder the MLC, if a seafarer suffers accident or disability because of their work the shipowner must provide where necessary:\n\n- assistance and medical care\n\n- repatriation\n\n- burial or cremation, if they die\n\nThe shipowner must have financial cover in case they are liable for compensation for long-term disability or illness.\n\nA shipowner is not liable when an injury is not related to a seafarer\u2019s duties, when it\u2019s caused by wilful misconduct or when a seafarer intentionally hides an illness or disability.\n\n## Health and safety protection\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers\u2019 work environments on ships must:\n\n- have regular risk assessments of workplace hazards - for example, from machinery\n\n- take steps to prevent work accidents\n\n- have a system for reporting accidents and occupational diseases\n\n## Enforcement\n\nUnder the MLC, the MCA can withdraw a ship\u2019s maritime labour certificate if seafarer living and working conditions are breached.\n\n## Complaints\n\nSeafarers can complain if the MLC has not been followed. On board a ship seafarers can complain to a manager. On shore seafarers can complain to an MCA surveyor.\n\nRead MSN 1849 On-board complaints procedure and Marine Guidance Note (MGN) 487 Onshore complaints procedure.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I got offered a seafarer position from one of my Dad's friends. I recently turned 17 and the offer seems like a nice way to spend the summer and gain some experience. He mentioned that I will mostly be working during the day but may sometimes have to fulfill nightly duties.", + "original_question": "Do I meet the age requirements for the position?" + }, + { + "id": "train-244", + "question": "Scenario: I recently joined a new seafarers crew. The hours have been long and at first I thought it was because we had some trouble on board. I usually get 10 hours of rest per day at least but have often been called back on deck during my rest period.\n\nQuestion: Should I receive an extended rest period to make up for them calling me back to work during my scheduled one?\n\nDocument - Seafarer working and living rights:\n## Overview\n\nAll seafarers have working and living rights that include:\n\n- employment contracts\n\n- accommodation\n\n- food and medical care\n\nA seafarer is anyone who works on board a seagoing ship, including:\n\n- master and crew\n\n- self-employed contractors\n\n- shopkeepers and hairdressers\n\n- entertainers\n\nA seagoing ship is any vessel:\n\n- on an international voyage or from a foreign port\n\n- on a domestic journey from the UK coast\n\n- more than 500 gross tonnes\n\nThe Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006 came into force on 7 August 2014. It replaced all existing laws on seafarers\u2019 rights.\n\n## Working conditions\n\nThere are minimum requirements seafarers must meet to work at sea.\n\n## Minimum age\n\nThe minimum age for seafarers is 16, although this is 18 if the work involves any:\n\n- night work\n\n- hazardous tasks\n\n## Hazardous tasks\n\nManual tasks on a ship can be hazardous if not done properly, like:\n\n- lifting\n\n- hauling\n\n- mooring\n\n- towing\n\nEmployers of seafarers must ensure their staff:\n\n- know how to operate any equipment correctly\n\n- are aware of safety procedures\n\n- have access to protective personal equipment if needed\n\n## Medical certification for seafarers\n\nAnyone in charge of a ship must have an ENG1 seafarer medical certificate.\n\n## Certificates of competency\n\nSome seafarers will need a certificate of competency before they can carry out certain duties.\n\n## Conditions of employment\n\nSeafarers\u2019 employment contracts are covered by the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006.\n\n## Working time regulations\n\nAll seafarers on seagoing ships are entitled to:\n\n- a minimum of 10 hours\u2019 rest in any 24 hour period\n\n- 77 hours rest in any 7 day period\n\n- at least 4 weeks\u2019 paid annual leave\n\nRead the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002 for more information.\n\n## The 'human element'\n\nThe term \u2018human element\u2019 covers anything to do with the interaction between a human and any system aboard ship, and is of high importance in maritime safety and security.\n\nFactors which affect the human element include:\n\n- recruitment and selection policies and methods\n\n- crew competence, training and experience\n\n- conditions of service, motivation and morale\n\n- design, construction and ergonomics\n\n- standards of build and certification\n\n- maintenance\n\n- stress and fatigue\n\n- security\n\n- living and working conditions\n\n- manning levels and hours of work\n\n- management policies\n\n- safety management systems\n\n- operational systems\n\n- organisational and safety culture\n\n- culture of continuous improvement and workforce engagement\n\nFor more information read \u2018The human element: a guide to human behaviour in the shipping industry\u2019.\n\n## Safe working practices\n\nAll UK ships must carry copies of the \u2018Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen\u2019, unless it\u2019s a fishing boat or pleasure vessel.\n\n## Safe manning of ships\n\nEmployers must ensure their ships have enough properly trained and certificated officers so that it can operate safely at all times.\n\nThere must also be sufficient food on board for the number of seafarers serving.\n\nRead more in \u2018Merchant Shipping Notice 1868 (M) UK requirements for safe manning and watchkeeping\u2019.\n\n## Noise and vibration\n\nA seafarer\u2019s employer must carry out risk assessments to identify who\u2019s at risk from noise or vibration in their work and what can be done to reduce or remove these risks.\n\n## Protective personal equipment (PPE)\n\nA seafarer\u2019s employer must give them suitable protective equipment if they\u2019re performing dangerous tasks.\n\nYou can find further information in the code of safe working practices for merchant seafarers.\n\n## Living conditions\n\nSeafarers\u2019 living conditions are covered by Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) rules on crew accommodation.\n\n## Food and catering\n\nSeafarers\u2019 food and catering conditions are covered by MSN 1845 under MLC rules.\n\n## Health and safety\n\nEmployers of seafarers must follow health and safety rules and provide:\n\n- safe working places and environment\n\n- safe machinery and equipment\n\n- health and safety training, instruction, supervision and information\n\n- a health and safety policy\n\n- protective clothing and equipment where necessary\n\n- information for workers about the findings of their risk assessment\n\n- information on what qualifications any temporary workers must have\n\n- information about their activities and staff to the company\n\n## Risk assessments\n\nAny vessel seafarers work onboard must have had a risk assessment carried out by their employer or the ship owner.\n\n## New or expectant mothers\n\nWhere women of childbearing age are employed as seafarers, a risk assessment must take place of any potential hazard likely to affect a new or expectant mother.\n\nIt does not matter if they are pregnant at the time of the assessment or not.\n\nIf a risk is found that cannot be removed, a new or expectant mother working as a seafarer can be suspended on full pay providing they have either:\n\n- told their employer they\u2019re pregnant\n\n- given birth in the last 6 months\n\n- are breastfeeding\n\nFor more information on health and safety rules for new and expectant mothers, contact the Seafarer Safety and Health Branch of the Maritime and Coastguard Authority (MCA).\n\n## Additional dangers\n\nSeafarers may face additional dangers when living onboard ships.\n\n## Petrol generators\n\nShips that use petrol generators must have a risk assessment carried out to make sure they provide:\n\n- sufficient power for accommodation and lighting\n\n- adequate ventilation\n\n- adequate alarms - for example, carbon monoxide alarms\n\n## Fumigating cargo spaces\n\nIf pesticides are on board a ship, employers must make sure:\n\n- adequate breathing aids are provided for seafarers checking fumigated cargo bulks\n\n- the ship\u2019s destination port is told 24 hours in advance of receiving this cargo\n\n- properly trained personnel check the relevant cargo bulks at port\n\n## Illegal drugs\n\nThe unauthorised presence of drugs on board a ship can have serious legal implications for seafarers and employers, potentially resulting in:\n\n- heavy fines\n\n- detention of a ship\n\n- imprisonment\n\n- the death penalty\n\n## Potentially dangerous cargo\n\nIf seafarers deal with certain toxic cargo or equipment on board ships, their employer must follow a number of specific requirements.\n\nYou can find further information on specialist ships in section 4 of the Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen.\n\n## Health and medical care\n\nEmployers must protect their seafarers\u2019 health by:\n\n- providing immunisations for certain infectious diseases\n\n- making sure hygiene measures are effective and minimise the risks of infection\n\n- making arrangements for infection control\n\n- having the right medical supplies\n\n- knowing the routes and destinations of their ships\n\nUntil the UK made the Maritime Labour Convention (MLA) law, seafarers\u2019 health and safety regulations were covered by the Merchant Shipping Act 1995\n\n## Maritime Labour Convention\n\nThe Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) came into force for the UK on 7 August 2014. It sets out the minimum working and living rights for seafarers.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nThe MLC does not cover seafarers serving on the following boats:\n\n- ships navigating inland or sheltered waters subject to port regulations\n\n- fishing vessels\n\n- warships and naval auxiliaries\n\n- traditional ships, such as dhows\n\n## Minimum requirements\n\nThe MLC sets out minimum standards for seafarers to work on a ship, including:\n\n- minimum age\n\n- medical certification\n\n- training and qualifications\n\n## Age\n\nThe minimum age for seafarers will be 16. Night workers have to be 18 or over.\n\nExceptions can be allowed for:\n\n- training purposes\n\n- where the seafarer\u2019s duties require it, as long as their health and safety is not affected\n\n## Medical certification\n\nAll seafarers must have the right medical certificate to work at sea before they can work on ships.\n\n## Training and qualifications\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers will need to:\n\n- be trained and qualified to perform onboard duties\n\n- receive personal safety training\n\n- for training to conform to International Maritime Organisation standards\n\nFind out more about seafarer training and qualifications.\n\n## Conditions of employment\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers have minimum working rights covering:\n\n- employment agreements\n\n- wages\n\n- hours of rest\n\n- entitlement to leave\n\n- repatriation\n\n- compensation for a ship\u2019s loss or foundering\n\n- manning levels\n\n- career and skills development\n\n- employment opportunities\n\n## Employment contracts\n\nThe convention makes sure contracts between seafarers and shipowner provide fair living and working conditions.\n\nContracts should be in English and include:\n\n- shipowner\u2019s name and address\n\n- seafarer\u2019s name, date and place of birth\n\n- place and date where agreement signed\n\n- conditions for the termination of agreement\n\n- health and social security protection benefits provided by shipowner\n\n- seafarer\u2019s right to repatriation\n\nSeafarers must also be:\n\n- allowed to read and consider contracts before signing them\n\n- given a record of their employment\n\n- given their own copy of their contract (the shipowner should also have a copy)\n\n## Wages\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers\u2019 wages must be:\n\n- paid regularly - for example, monthly\n\n- include monthly statements of accounts\n\n- allow seafarers to transfer part or all of their wages\n\n- keep currency conversion charges to reasonable limits\n\n## Hours of rest\n\nHours of rest must be at least:\n\n- 10 hours in any 24 hour period\n\n- 77 hours in any 7 day period\n\nCrew exercises, such as lifeboat drills, must cause minimal disruption to rest periods. Seafarers called out in a rest period are entitled to a rest period to make up for it.\n\nYou can read Merchant Shipping Notice (MSN) 1848 (M) Amendment 3 MLC survey and certification of UK ships.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers are entitled to paid leave calculated at 2.5 days per calendar month of employment.\n\nRead more about holiday pay for seafarers in the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002.\n\n## Repatriation\n\nThis gives seafarers the right to be returned to their home country:\n\n- when their employment contract ends or is cancelled\n\n- when they\u2019re no longer able to carry out their duties\n\n- in the event of shipwreck\n\n- if their ship is bound for a war zone they have not agreed to go to\n\nShipowners cannot request advance payment for repatriation from seafarers. If a shipowner does not make repatriation arrangements, seafarers on UK ships can be repatriated by the MCA.\n\n## Accommodation and recreational facilities\n\nThe Maritime and Labour Convention (MLC) ensures seafarers have access to decent accommodation and recreational facilities when living on ships.\n\n## Medical care\n\nThese cover seafarers\u2019 rights to:\n\n- decent on board health protection facilities, including essential dental care\n\n- the right to visit qualified medical personnel while in port\n\n- access to a qualified medical doctor on ships carrying more than 100 people on international voyages lasting more than 3 days\n\n- where there is no doctor on board, there must be designated and able seafarer(s) to provide first aid and medical care\n\n## Shipowner\u2019s liabilities\n\nUnder the MLC, if a seafarer suffers accident or disability because of their work the shipowner must provide where necessary:\n\n- assistance and medical care\n\n- repatriation\n\n- burial or cremation, if they die\n\nThe shipowner must have financial cover in case they are liable for compensation for long-term disability or illness.\n\nA shipowner is not liable when an injury is not related to a seafarer\u2019s duties, when it\u2019s caused by wilful misconduct or when a seafarer intentionally hides an illness or disability.\n\n## Health and safety protection\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers\u2019 work environments on ships must:\n\n- have regular risk assessments of workplace hazards - for example, from machinery\n\n- take steps to prevent work accidents\n\n- have a system for reporting accidents and occupational diseases\n\n## Enforcement\n\nUnder the MLC, the MCA can withdraw a ship\u2019s maritime labour certificate if seafarer living and working conditions are breached.\n\n## Complaints\n\nSeafarers can complain if the MLC has not been followed. On board a ship seafarers can complain to a manager. On shore seafarers can complain to an MCA surveyor.\n\nRead MSN 1849 On-board complaints procedure and Marine Guidance Note (MGN) 487 Onshore complaints procedure.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently joined a new seafarers crew. The hours have been long and at first I thought it was because we had some trouble on board. I usually get 10 hours of rest per day at least but have often been called back on deck during my rest period.", + "original_question": "Should I receive an extended rest period to make up for them calling me back to work during my scheduled one?" + }, + { + "id": "train-246", + "question": "Scenario: My cat recently fell sick and was barely moving. I took her to the vet and they prescribed medicine for me to mix with her food. I accidently touched one of the pills with a wet hand and after an hour or two the fingers I used to touch the medicine became numb. I went to the doctor myself and they assured me it would pass on its own in a day or two. That was 3 days ago and my fingers feel fine now. I am still interested in filling a report regarding my reaction to the cat medicine, unfortunately I will not be able to do online anytime soon.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to file a report through post instead?\n\nDocument - Report a suspected problem with an animal medicine or microchip:\n## Overview\n\nYou can report an unexpected reaction to an animal medicine or microchip to the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). You can also report if an animal medicine has not worked.\n\nHow you report the reaction depends on whether:\n\n- an animal has reacted to animal medicine or to a microchip\n\n- a human has reacted to animal medicine\n\nVMD will use the information you provide to help make sure that animal medicines and microchips are used safely and effectively.\n\n## Report an animal's reaction to animal medicine\n\nYou can report when a medicine may not have worked, or could have made your animal unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for details of:\n\n- the medicine, including batch number and marketing authorisation number if known\n\n- the animal that was affected, for example the species, breed and age\n\n- when and how the medicine was first given to the animal\n\n- the symptoms\n\nSend your report\n\n## If you cannot report online\n\nDownload and fill in the form for reporting reactions in animals. Send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Report an animal's reaction to a microchip\n\nYou can report suspected incidents with animal microchips including:\n\n- a reaction to the chip being implanted, such as injury, infection or prolonged bleeding\n\n- if a chip\u2019s moved from where it was implanted or has come out\n\n- a chip that does not read properly\n\nYou\u2019ll need the microchip number to make a report.\n\nSend your report\n\nContact VMD if you cannot report the incident online.\n\n## Report a person's reaction to animal medicine\n\nYou can report a suspected reaction you or someone else has had to an animal medicine while using it on an animal, for example a skin allergy.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for details of:\n\n- the medicine, including the batch number and marketing authorisation number (if you know it)\n\n- the people affected - and how and when they came into contact with the medicine\n\n- the symptoms\n\nSend your report\n\n## If you cannot report online\n\nDownload and fill in the form for reporting reactions in humans. Send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Contact VMD\n\nContact the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) Pharmacovigilance Team if you have any questions about reporting reactions.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-veterinary-medicine-problem", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My cat recently fell sick and was barely moving. I took her to the vet and they prescribed medicine for me to mix with her food. I accidently touched one of the pills with a wet hand and after an hour or two the fingers I used to touch the medicine became numb. I went to the doctor myself and they assured me it would pass on its own in a day or two. That was 3 days ago and my fingers feel fine now. I am still interested in filling a report regarding my reaction to the cat medicine, unfortunately I will not be able to do online anytime soon.", + "original_question": "Am I able to file a report through post instead?" + }, + { + "id": "train-251", + "question": "Scenario: I live without a spleen, and therefore I am classed as clinically vulnerable to COVID-19. I live in Devon, and would still like to volunteer with my local community aid group.\n\nQuestion: Can I volunteer outside of my home, despite being at high-risk for COVID-19?\n\nDocument - Volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19):\n## Overview\n\nYou can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group. You can also help people in your local area by doing things like picking up shopping or medicines.\n\nYou may be able to volunteer:\n\n- from home\n\n- from outside your home\n\n- in a workplace\n\nA new COVID-19 variant is spreading in some parts of England. Check what you can and cannot do if you\u2019re in an area where the new variant is spreading.\n\nThis guidance is for volunteers in England. There\u2019s different guidance on:\n\n- volunteering in Scotland\n\n- volunteering in Wales\n\n- volunteering in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you run an organisation or group, or manage volunteers, find out how to involve volunteers safely.\n\n## Where you can volunteer\n\nYou should volunteer from home where possible.\n\nFollow guidance on volunteering with other people if you have to volunteer outside your home. Do not leave home if:\n\n- you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate by NHS Test and Trace\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating for any other reason\n\nIf you\u2019re volunteering in a workplace, it should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\n## If you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19\n\nYou can volunteer outside your home, if you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19 (clinically extremely vulnerable), but you should take extra steps to protect yourself. For example, reduce:\n\n- your social interactions\n\n- the time you spend in places where you cannot social distance\n\n## If you have COVID-19 symptoms\n\nDo not volunteer outside your home if you have COVID-19 symptoms or if you\u2019ve tested positive for COVID-19.\n\nYou must self-isolate from the date you started having symptoms or from the day you tested positive and for the next 10 full days - whichever is the latest.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-isolating your volunteer organisation should not ask you to leave home.\n\n## If you need to travel as a volunteer\n\nFind out how to travel safely if you\u2019re volunteering in England.\n\nCheck COVID-19 guidance in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland before you travel, if you need to volunteer in one of these countries.\n\nBefore volunteering abroad:\n\n- check if the country you\u2019re going to is accepting volunteers - read foreign travel advice to find out where you can go\n\n- read the guidance on travelling abroad during COVID-19\n\n- check if your volunteering role means you\u2019re exempt from travel restrictions\n\n- check the rules you must follow when you return to England\n\n## Ways to volunteer\n\nYou can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group, for example a charity, the NHS or a local volunteer-run group.\n\nFind out about volunteering with a charity or voluntary organisation.\n\nCheck if your local council has volunteering opportunities.\n\nYou should choose your volunteering activity based on your risk of getting seriously ill with COVID-19.\n\n## Volunteer with the NHS\n\nIf you want to help the NHS as a general volunteer, apply for the NHS volunteer responder scheme. You\u2019ll need to check if the scheme is recruiting in your area.\n\nTo volunteer in a hospital, including if you\u2019re a doctor or nurse, contact your local hospital trust.\n\nIf you want to give blood, read the guidance about donating blood during COVID-19.\n\nYou can also sign up to the NHS COVID-19 vaccine registry if you want to take part in a COVID-19 vaccine research study.\n\n## Help people in your local area\n\nYou can help others by doing activities like picking up shopping and offering support on the phone. This includes:\n\n- family, friends and neighbours who are at high risk from COVID-19 or who prefer not to go out\n\n- people who are feeling lonely or isolated\n\n- staff and volunteers in key worker roles\n\nYou can also join a mutual aid group. A mutual aid group is a local volunteer-run initiative where people come together to help each other.\n\n## Protect those you help\n\nIf you\u2019re worried about someone\u2019s health, contact the NHS or check NHS COVID-19 advice online.\n\nIf you\u2019re helping someone who\u2019s staying at home, you should follow social distancing guidelines if you do have to go indoors.\n\nIt may not always be possible to follow social distancing guidelines, for example if you\u2019re providing personal care to someone. You should consider whether the activity is essential and follow working safely guidance.\n\n## If you\u2019re helping someone who\u2019s not a friend or family member\n\nYou should show identification when you call at their home.\n\nYou should not:\n\n- ask for their credit or debit card numbers, or other financial information\n\n- take their address and phone number, unless you need it to do a task\n\n- pressure them into giving you any unnecessary information\n\nYou can find out how to help others safely on the British Red Cross website.\n\nContact the police if you think someone you\u2019re helping is being abused or neglected. Phone 999 in an emergency or 101 if the person is not in immediate danger.\n\n## Volunteering with other people\n\nWhen you volunteer, you can meet in groups of any size from different households, both indoors or outdoors. However, meeting in smaller groups can reduce the risk of coronavirus (COVID-19) spreading.\n\nYou can also meet in groups for activities like volunteer recruitment and training. This does not include meeting in groups for social activities.\n\nThe organisation or group of volunteers running the activities should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\nAs a volunteer, you should:\n\n- follow social distancing guidelines\n\n- wash your hands regularly and for 20 seconds\n\n- wear a face covering indoors\n\n- make sure indoor spaces are well ventilated with fresh air\n\nIn some volunteering roles, it may not be possible for you to follow social distancing guidelines. For example, driving a vehicle with others in it. You should consider whether the activity is essential before doing it and follow the guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\n## Volunteering in a support group\n\nYou can volunteer in a support group. Support groups should provide mutual aid, therapy or another form of support.\n\nThere cannot be more than 30 people in the support group itself. Children under 5 are not included in this limit. There\u2019s no limit to the number of volunteers.\n\nFor example, 5 volunteers could support up to 30 people in a group session, to make a group of 35 in total.\n\nFormal support groups must not be run from private homes.\n\n## Testing and vaccination\n\nFind out how to get tested for coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nIf you volunteer in an essential role and have COVID-19 symptoms, you\u2019ll be prioritised for a test.\n\n## Who can get a vaccine\n\nYou can get vaccinated if you\u2019re a volunteer in an eligible group. This includes volunteers in frontline health and social care roles.\n\nIf you qualify for a vaccine because of your age or a clinical condition, you\u2019ll be vaccinated at the same time as other people in your area.\n\nThe NHS will let you know when you can get a vaccine and how to get it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus-volunteering", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live without a spleen, and therefore I am classed as clinically vulnerable to COVID-19. I live in Devon, and would still like to volunteer with my local community aid group.", + "original_question": "Can I volunteer outside of my home, despite being at high-risk for COVID-19?" + }, + { + "id": "train-255", + "question": "Scenario: My son and I live in Bristol. I am in the process of applying for secondary schools for him. He has been offered a place at our second choice.\n\nQuestion: Can I still add his name to a waiting list of another school?\n\nDocument - School admissions:\n## Choosing schools\n\nIf you live in England contact your local council to find:\n\n- state-funded schools in your area\n\n- admission criteria for the schools you\u2019re interested in\n\nThe process is different if you live in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nYou can also contact your local council to apply for places at state schools in other areas. You can search online to find schools in England.\n\n## Private schools or home schooling\n\nIf you\u2019re looking for a place at a private school (also called \u2018independent schools\u2019), contact the school directly.\n\nYou can also choose to teach your child at home, known as home schooling.\n\n## Children with special educational needs (SEN)\n\nIf your child has SEN, their Education, Health and Care (EHC) plan will name a school for them. The school must give your child a place.\n\nYou can ask your local council to carry out an assessment if you think your child needs additional support with their educational, health and social needs.\n\n## Find out about a primary or secondary school\n\nYou can find out more by:\n\n- visiting the school - most schools have open days\n\n- reading the school\u2019s most recent Ofsted reports\n\n- checking school performance tables\n\n- talking to other parents about what they think of the school\n\n## What schools must publish on their website\n\nSchools\u2019 websites must include:\n\n- admission arrangements, including how to apply\n\n- details of the curriculum\n\n- behaviour policy\n\n- links to Ofsted reports\n\n- links to performance data\n\n- the school\u2019s latest key stage 2 and 4 attainment and progress measures\n\n- their policies for children with special educational needs and disabilities\n\n- the amount of money they get for taking underprivileged children (the \u2018pupil premium\u2019), what they do with it and the effect it\u2019s had\n\nYou can also get advice about choosing state-funded schools from your local council.\n\n## Admission criteria\n\nAll schools have admission criteria to decide which children get places. The school or local council usually set these.\n\nAdmission criteria are different for each school. They may give priority to children:\n\n- who live close to the school\n\n- who have a brother or sister at the school already\n\n- from a particular religion (for faith schools)\n\n- who pass an entrance exam (for selective schools, for example grammar schools)\n\n- who went to a particular primary school (a \u2018feeder school\u2019)\n\n- who are eligible for the pupil premium or the service pupil premium\n\n- whose parent has worked at the school for 2 years or more\n\nYour local council can give you information about schools\u2019 criteria and how to apply.\n\n## Children in care\n\nAll state-funded schools must give top priority to admitting children who:\n\n- are in care or being looked after\n\n- have been in care\n\n## Complain about unfair admission arrangements\n\nContact the Schools Adjudicator if you think a school has unlawful or unfair admission arrangements.\n\nYou need to complain by 15 May of the year before you\u2019re applying for a place. For example, to complain about admission arrangements for September 2021 the deadline is 15 May 2020.\n\n## School starting age\n\nMost children start school full-time in the September after their fourth birthday. This means they\u2019ll turn 5 during their first school year.\n\nFor example, if your child\u2019s fourth birthday is between 1 September 2021 and 31 August 2022 they will usually start school in September 2022.\n\n## If you want your child to start later\n\nIf you do not think your child is ready to start school at the usual time, they can start later - as long as they\u2019re in full-time education by the time they reach \u2018compulsory school age\u2019.\n\nThey can start:\n\n- part time\n\n- part-way through the year\n\n- in the next school year, in the September after they turn 5\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to apply for a school place at the same time as everyone else. You request your child\u2019s later start when you apply.\n\n## If your child starts in the September after they turn 5\n\nYour child will go into year 1. Contact the local council or school if you want your child to start in reception instead. They do not have to agree.\n\n## Compulsory school age\n\nYour child must start full-time education once they reach compulsory school age. This is on 31 December, 31 March or 31 August following their fifth birthday - whichever comes first. If your child\u2019s fifth birthday is on one of those dates then they reach compulsory school age on that date.\n\nFor example, if your child reaches compulsory school age on 31 March, they must start full-time education at the beginning of the next term (summer term that year).\n\nChildren must stay in full-time education until they reach school leaving age.\n\nAll 3 to 4-year-olds in England are entitled to free early education before they start school full time.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFollow your local council\u2019s application process to:\n\n- apply for a primary school place\n\n- apply for a secondary school place\n\nYou must still apply for a place, even if the school is linked to your child\u2019s current nursery, infant or primary school.\n\nApply directly for:\n\n- a 6th form place at a school or college\n\n- a place at a private school\n\n## Moving to another area\n\nYou apply through your local council even if you\u2019re applying for schools in another council area or you\u2019ve just moved to England.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from another country, contact the local council in the area where you\u2019re going to live.\n\nYou may need to:\n\n- supply proof of your new address, for example a mortgage or rental agreement or deeds for the property\n\n- prove that you\u2019ll live in the area before the start of the next school term\n\n## Completing the application\n\nWhen you fill in the form (online or on paper) you\u2019ll be asked to list the schools you\u2019re applying for in order of preference.\n\nListing only one school will not increase your chances of getting a place there.\n\nTo get a copy of the application form on paper, contact your local council.\n\n## When to apply\n\nApplications open on different days in each local council area. Find out from your local council when applications open for primary or secondary schools.\n\n## Applying for a primary school place\n\nYou must apply for a primary school place a year before your child can start school.\n\nApplications open in September and close on 15 January. Your child will be 3 or have just turned 4 when you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply then even if you want your child to start part-way through the year.\n\n## Applying for a secondary school place\n\nThe deadline for applying is 31 October.\n\nYour child is less likely to be offered a place at their chosen schools if you miss the deadline for applications.\n\n## When you\u2019ll find out\n\nCouncils will send offers of school places for:\n\n- primary schools on 16 April\n\n- secondary schools on 1 March\n\nIf either date falls on a weekend or a bank holiday, offers are sent the next working day.\n\nYou must accept the offer by the deadline given in the offer letter. Otherwise it may be withdrawn and the place given to someone else.\n\nThe local council must provide a place at another school, if your child is not offered a place at any of the schools you\u2019ve applied for. This is usually your nearest school with places still available.\n\n## Applying after the start of the school year\n\nContact your local council to find out about applying for a school place once the school year has started (known as in-year applications). They can tell you which schools still have places and how to apply.\n\nOnce your child has been offered a place, they will usually start school at the beginning of the following term.\n\n## School waiting lists\n\nIf your child does not have a place, contact your local council for schools with places.\n\nYou can also put your child\u2019s name down on a waiting list. The \u2018admission authority\u2019 for the school (usually the school itself or the council) must keep a waiting list open for at least the first term of each school year.\n\nContact the school or your local council if you want your child\u2019s name added to a waiting list.\n\nYou can add your child\u2019s name to a waiting list even if they have been offered a place at another school.\n\nIf your child is on a waiting list and the school offers you a place, the admission authority will send you a formal offer. You can still accept the offer even if your child has already started at another school.\n\n## Appealing a school's decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter with the decision about your child\u2019s school. If your child is refused a place, you can appeal against the decision. The letter will tell you how.\n\nYou must appeal against each rejection separately. You can only appeal once against each rejection.\n\n## Preparing your appeal\n\nThe admission authority for the school must allow you at least 20 school days to appeal from when they send the decision letter.\n\nThe admission authority will set a deadline for submitting information and evidence to support your appeal. If you submit anything after the deadline, it might not be considered and may result in delays to your hearing.\n\nCoram Children\u2019s Legal Centre may be able to give you advice about appeals.\n\n## When the hearing will be\n\nThe admission authority must give you at least 10 school days\u2019 notice of the hearing.\n\nAppeals must be heard within 40 school days of the deadline for making an appeal.\n\n## What happens at the appeal hearing\n\nThere\u2019s a panel of 3 or more people at the appeal hearing. The panel must be independent and must follow the school admission appeals code.\n\n- The admission authority will explain why they turned down your application.\n\n- You\u2019ll be able to give your own reasons why your child should be admitted.\n\n- The appeals panel must decide if the school\u2019s admission criteria were properly followed and comply with the school admissions code.\n\n- If the criteria were not properly followed or do not comply with the school admissions code your appeal must be upheld.\n\n- If your reasons for your child to be admitted outweigh the school\u2019s reasons for not admitting any more children at all, your appeal will be upheld.\n\n- You will usually be sent the decision within 5 school days.\n\nYou can read more about school admission appeals.\n\n## Appeals for infant classes\n\nYou need to go through the same process if you\u2019re appealing a decision about an infant class. In reception, year 1 and year 2, the class size is limited to 30. Your application can be turned down if all the classes already have 30 children.\n\nYour appeal could be successful if:\n\n- giving your child a place will not increase the class size above the limit\n\n- the admission arrangements have not been properly followed\n\n- the admission criteria do not comply with the school admissions code\n\n## Complain about the appeals process\n\nYou can complain about the way the appeal was carried out, but you can not complain about the decision itself.\n\n## Maintained schools\n\nComplain to the Local Government Ombudsman.\n\nFill in the online complaint form.\n\n## If a maintained school becomes an academy\n\nIf you complain about an appeal concerning a maintained school that then converts to academy status, the Local Government Ombudsman will investigate it and pass any actions to the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA).\n\n## Other schools\n\nComplain to ESFA about an appeal made to:\n\n- free schools\n\n- academies, including university technical colleges and studio schools\n\nFill in the online complaint form.\n\nUsing the online form is the quickest way to make a complaint. If you need a paper form instead, contact:\n\nYou should get a decision on your complaint within 9 weeks (45 working days). You\u2019ll be told if it\u2019ll take longer.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter explaining the reasons for the decision.\n\nIf ESFA decides something went wrong with the appeals panel, it may:\n\n- ask the school to hold a new appeal hearing with a different panel\n\n- recommend the school reviews its appeals process\n\n## Complain about another school matter\n\nIf you have a complaint about a school that is not related to the appeals process, contact the Department for Education.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/schools-admissions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My son and I live in Bristol. I am in the process of applying for secondary schools for him. He has been offered a place at our second choice.", + "original_question": "Can I still add his name to a waiting list of another school?" + }, + { + "id": "train-258", + "question": "Scenario: I live in Essex, England and own a small (7m) vintage fishing smack (unpowered sail boat). I would like to take this out into the Thames Estuary and North Sea to fish for mackerel and plaice.\n\nQuestion: Do I need a Category A fishing vessel license?\n\nDocument - Get a fishing vessel licence: vessels 10 metres or under:\n## Overview\n\nYou need a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence if you want to catch and sell sea fish, unless you\u2019re exempt.\n\nCheck the licence you need if your vessel is longer than 10 metres.\n\nFollow these steps to get a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence:\n\n- Register your vessel - you must do this before you can get a licence.\n\n- Get a licence entitlement - you\u2019ll need this to get a licence.\n\n- Apply for your licence.\n\nYou must carry your licence on board your vessel at all times.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou don\u2019t need a licence for your vessel if any of the following apply:\n\n- it doesn\u2019t have an engine\n\n- it\u2019ll only be used to fish for common eels, salmon or migratory trout\n\n- you fish only within 12 nautical miles of Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, but you\u2019ll need a licence from the relevant authority\n\n- you only use your vessel to fish for pleasure\n\n## Register your vessel\n\nYou must register your vessel on the UK Ship Registry to get a fishing vessel licence, unless your vessel is registered in the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.\n\nTo get on the register:\n\n- arrange an inspection by a Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) inspector or surveyor\n\n- fill in application form MSF4740 and send it to the address on the form\n\nYou can choose simple or full registration. Full registration lets you take out a marine mortgage against your vessel.\n\n## Registration fees\n\nSimple registration is \u00a3111 and full registration is \u00a3131.\n\n## Documents you need\n\nYou must include the following documents:\n\n- Declaration of Eligibility (MSF 4728)\n\n- original ownership documents - bill of sale, invoice or builder\u2019s certificate\n\n- Seafish Construction Certificate if your vessel was built after July 2007, or Seafish Inspection Report if your vessel was built before 2007\n\n- Safety Certificate issued by MCA (MSF 1606)\n\n- the vessel\u2019s radio call sign, if you have one\n\n- deletion certificate if the vessel was previously registered on another register\n\n- a copy of the Certificate of Incorporation if the owner is a limited company\n\nYour evidence of ownership must cover the last 3 years if you\u2019re applying for full registration.\n\n## Get a licence entitlement\n\nYou can get an entitlement by:\n\n- buying the entitlement from a vessel that has sunk, been scrapped or is no longer being used for fishing\n\n- buying a vessel with a licence\n\nYou need to make sure the entitlement is suitable for:\n\n- a vessel which is 10 metres or under (Category A)\n\n- the tonnage of your vessel and the size of the engine (kilowattage)\n\nYou can combine 2 or more entitlements if 1 is not enough to cover your vessel. You can also split an entitlement if you don\u2019t need it all.\n\n## Register an entitlement bought without a vessel\n\nGet form AFL7 from your local MMO office.\n\nRead the instructions for filling in form AFL7.\n\nFill in sections A and B of the form and send it to your local MMO office.\n\nMMO will check the previous owner has agreed to the transfer and return the form to you.\n\n## Entitlements bought with a vessel\n\nThe seller will transfer the entitlement into your name as part of the sale. MMO will send you form AFL7.\n\nUse form AFL7 to convert your entitlement into a licence.\n\n## Apply for your licence\n\nFill in application form AFL2 to apply for a Category A (10 metres or under) licence and send it to your local MMO office with your:\n\n- certificate of registry for the vessel\n\n- form AFL7 showing you as the entitlement holder\n\nSend the original documents, not copies.\n\nA licence is valid for 2 years, starting on 1 July and ending 2 years later on 30 June.\n\nYour licence will be renewed automatically.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fishing-vessel-licence-under-10-metres", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in Essex, England and own a small (7m) vintage fishing smack (unpowered sail boat). I would like to take this out into the Thames Estuary and North Sea to fish for mackerel and plaice.", + "original_question": "Do I need a Category A fishing vessel license?" + }, + { + "id": "train-260", + "question": "Scenario: I have had my veterans badge for over 5 years now, or at least I though so. I recently realized that I had misplaced it and am currently looking to replace it.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to pay for the replacement?\n\nDocument - Apply for a veterans badge or a medal:\n## Apply for a veterans badge\n\nYou can get an armed forces veterans badge if you\u2019ve served in any of the UK armed forces - there\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you were in the:\n\n- army\n\n- Royal Navy\n\n- Royal Marines\n\n- Royal Air Force (RAF)\n\n- volunteer or regular reserves\n\nYou cannot apply if you:\n\n- served in the armed forces of another country\n\n- served alongside the UK armed forces, for example in the Canadian Navy or Royal Australian Air Force\n\n## If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died\n\nYou can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get either:\n\n- a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension\n\n- compensation under the Survivors Guaranteed Income Payment (SGIP)\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application for an armed forces veterans badge.\n\nYou can also call the enquiries line to get a paper application form sent to you.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give as much information on the form as possible, such as:\n\n- the force you served in, for example the army or Royal Navy\n\n- service number\n\n- period of service\n\nPost the form to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.\n\nYou can also apply for a medal if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nIf you lose your badge, you can apply for a replacement.\n\n## Get help\n\nIf you need to contact MOD about your veterans badge application, you can phone, fax or send an email to dbs-modmo-vetsbadge@mod.gov.uk.\n\nYou cannot apply for a veterans badge by email.\n\n## Apply for a medal\n\nYou can apply for a medal if you served in the armed forces and are eligible.\n\nFind out the types of medal the Ministry of Defence (MOD) issues.\n\nYou can only apply for World War 1 medals if the original was returned.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you were awarded a medal for service in any of the following:\n\n- the army\n\n- the Royal Navy\n\n- the Royal Marines\n\n- the Royal Air Force (RAF)\n\n- the Home Guard\n\n- the reserve forces\n\nYou must meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal\n\nYou can apply on behalf of a veteran if you have lasting power of attorney.\n\nIf the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules for the official next of kin are:\n\n- the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has the first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the parent is entitled to apply\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse, child or parent, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the medal application form.\n\nApply through your unit if you\u2019re still serving in the armed forces.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone else, you must include a copy of either your lasting power of attorney or a death certificate.\n\nPost the form, along with any supporting documents, to the MOD Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your medal within 12 weeks of sending the application form.\n\nYou can apply for a replacement medal if the original\u2019s been stolen or accidentally destroyed, for example in a fire.\n\n## Get help\n\nIf you need to contact MOD about your medal application, email dbs-medals@mod.gov.uk.\n\n## Replace a badge or medal\n\nYou can get the first replacement veterans badge for free.\n\nYou may be able to get a replacement medal - it depends how it was lost. You\u2019ll have to pay for the replacement medal plus a fee.\n\n## Replace a veterans badge\n\nFollow the instructions for applying for a veterans badge - you can use the same form.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your replacement veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.\n\nYou do not have to pay a fee if it\u2019s the first veterans badge you\u2019re replacing.\n\n## Replace a medal\n\nYou can only get a replacement medal from the Ministry of Defence (MOD) if it was stolen or destroyed, for example in a fire or flood. The medal must have been awarded for service after World War 1.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show proof by providing a copy of either a:\n\n- police crime report\n\n- successful insurance claim listing the individual items\n\nYou can also buy replacement medals from a licensed medal dealer.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the medal application form to ask for a replacement medal. Post the form to the MOD Medal Office, along with:\n\n- a letter explaining how the medal was stolen or destroyed\n\n- a copy of the police report or insurance claim\n\nThe address is on the form.\n\nContact your unit\u2019s human resources (HR) department if you\u2019re currently serving in the armed forces.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the Medal Office - usually within 10 working days of when your application\u2019s received.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much the replacement will cost and how to pay if your application\u2019s successful. The cost depends on the type of medal. It includes an administration fee.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the replacement within 4 weeks from the Medal Office getting your payment.\n\n## Apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge\n\nYou can apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge if you:\n\n- were a Merchant Navy seafarer or fisherman\n\n- served in a vessel used to support the UK Armed Forces\n\n## If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died\n\nYou can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for a badge through the Merchant Navy Association.\n\n## Members of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary\n\nIf you\u2019re a member of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary, apply for the armed forces veterans badge.\n\n## Apply for a UK merchant navy medal\n\nYou can apply for a UK merchant navy medal if you were a member of the merchant navy and you:\n\n- served in a vessel used to support the UK armed forces\n\n- meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for\n\n## How to apply\n\nComplete the application form and send it to the address on the form. You\u2019ll also need to send your seaman\u2019s discharge book.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal\n\nYou can apply for someone else if either:\n\n- they\u2019ve died\n\n- you have lasting power of attorney\n\nYou must include a copy of the death certificate or your lasting power of attorney.\n\nIf the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules are:\n\n- the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision within 30 working days of your application being received.\n\n## Get help\n\nEmail seafarers_registry@mcga.gov.uk if you need help with your application.\n\n## Replace a lost or stolen medal\n\nYou\u2019ll need to complete the application form if your medal is lost or has been stolen.\n\n## If you want to appeal or complain\n\nYou can write to or email the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office if you want to:\n\n- appeal a decision\n\n- complain about how you\u2019ve been treated\n\nYou should include any new evidence you have if you make an appeal.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have had my veterans badge for over 5 years now, or at least I though so. I recently realized that I had misplaced it and am currently looking to replace it.", + "original_question": "Do I have to pay for the replacement?" + }, + { + "id": "train-261", + "question": "Scenario: I came to UK from Malaysia in 1972 and settled here but don't have any document prove that I can live and work in UK\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible to apply for Windrush Scheme ?\n\nDocument - Windrush Scheme: get a document showing your right to be in the UK:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re settled in the UK but do not have a document to prove it, you may be eligible to apply to the \u2018Windrush Scheme\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:\n\n- you came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973\n\n- your parents came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973\n\n- you came to the UK from any country before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nYou might also be entitled to apply for citizenship for free if you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen who settled in the UK before 1 January 1973, or you\u2019re the child of someone who did.\n\n## If you suffered losses because you did not have documents\n\nIf you are eligible for this scheme, you might also be able to apply for compensation. The compensation scheme is for losses that happened because you could not show that you had a right to live in the UK.\n\n\u2018Losses\u2019 can be things like not being able to work, find a place to live or get health treatment. They can also include immigration action, like detention or removal from the UK.\n\n## You arrived before 1973 from a Commonwealth country\n\nYou may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen\n\n- you were settled in the UK before 1 January 1973\n\nWhat you\u2019re entitled to depends on whether you:\n\n- have been living in the UK continuously\n\n- left the UK for more than 2 years and came back\n\n- are outside the UK\n\n## If you\u2019ve been living in the UK continuously\n\nIf you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously, or have the right of abode, you can apply for one of the following:\n\n- British citizenship\n\n- evidence you have the right of abode\n\n- a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019ve left the UK for more than 2 years and come back\n\nIf you\u2019ve been away from the UK for more than 2 years at some point and are now lawfully in the UK, you might be entitled to indefinite leave to remain.\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain you might be able to apply for either:\n\n- a document to prove you have this\n\n- British citizenship\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve left the UK and have lost your indefinite leave to remain, you might be entitled to:\n\n- a Returning Resident visa\n\n- a 10 year multiple entry visa\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## You're the child of a Commonwealth citizen who arrived before 1973\n\nYou can apply for British citizenship or a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain.\n\nIf you do not have indefinite leave to remain but are here lawfully, you can apply for it through the scheme.\n\nTo apply, one of your parents must be a Commonwealth citizen and either:\n\n- was settled in the UK before 1 January 1973\n\n- had the right of abode\n\nOne of the following must also be true:\n\n- you were born in the UK\n\n- you came to live in the UK before turning 18\n\nYou must have lived continuously in the UK since arriving (or being born) here.\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## You arrived before 1989\n\nYou can apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if you came to live in the UK before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here.\n\nYou can be of any nationality.\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## How to apply\n\nWhen you apply, the Home Office will work with other government departments to find records of you living in the UK.\n\nNone of your information will be shared with immigration enforcement teams.\n\n## If you\u2019re in the UK\n\nApply using the Windrush Scheme application form (UK).\n\nPost it to the address on the form with your supporting documents.\n\nThe Windrush helpline can post a paper form to you.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYou must apply using an online form.\n\n## Fee\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Windrush taskforce will get in touch with you if they have any questions about your application, or if they need more information.\n\n## Give your fingerprints and photo\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to provide your fingerprints and photo (\u2018biometric information\u2019) once you\u2019ve sent in your form. You will not have to pay anything to do this.\n\n## Commonwealth countries\n\nYou may be eligible for the Windrush Scheme if you arrived in the UK from any country before 1989.\n\nYou may also be eligible if you or your parent is a citizen of one of the following Commonwealth countries:\n\n- Anguilla\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- The Bahamas\n\n- Bangladesh\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Bermuda\n\n- Botswana\n\n- British Antarctic Territory\n\n- British Indian Ocean Territory\n\n- Brunei\n\n- Canada\n\n- Cayman Islands\n\n- Cyprus (excluding the Sovereign base area)\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Falkland Islands\n\n- Fiji\n\n- The Gambia\n\n- Ghana\n\n- Gibraltar\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Hong Kong\n\n- India\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Kenya\n\n- Kiribati\n\n- Lesotho\n\n- Malawi\n\n- Malaysia\n\n- Maldives\n\n- Malta\n\n- Mauritius\n\n- Monserrat\n\n- Namibia\n\n- Nauru\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Nigeria\n\n- Pakistan\n\n- Papua New Guinea\n\n- Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands\n\n- Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha\n\n- Saint Lucia\n\n- Samoa\n\n- Seychelles\n\n- Sierra Leone\n\n- Singapore\n\n- Solomon Islands\n\n- South Africa\n\n- South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands\n\n- Sri Lanka\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Vincent and The Grenadines\n\n- Swaziland\n\n- Tanzania\n\n- Tonga\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- Turks and Caicos Islands\n\n- Tuvalu\n\n- Uganda\n\n- Vanuatu\n\n- Virgin Islands\n\n- Zambia\n\n- Zimbabwe\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Windrush helpline\n\nThe Windrush helpline can:\n\n- help you make a claim\n\n- give extra support to those who need it - for example, elderly or vulnerable claimants\n\n- post a form to you\n\nIf you are outside the UK, email the helpline and request a call back.\n\nOutside of the helpline opening hours, you can leave a message to ask for your call to be returned at a convenient time.\n\nYou can also sign up for email updates about the scheme.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I came to UK from Malaysia in 1972 and settled here but don't have any document prove that I can live and work in UK", + "original_question": "Am I eligible to apply for Windrush Scheme ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-262", + "question": "Scenario: I came to UK in 1970 from Sri Lanka when there was war crisis in Sri Lanka. Though I am settled here I don't have proper documents till now that I have rights to work and live in UK\n\nQuestion: I was denied a place to live in UK because of the lack of documents. Is there way to claim compensation on denial of rights ?\n\nDocument - Windrush Scheme: get a document showing your right to be in the UK:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re settled in the UK but do not have a document to prove it, you may be eligible to apply to the \u2018Windrush Scheme\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:\n\n- you came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973\n\n- your parents came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973\n\n- you came to the UK from any country before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nYou might also be entitled to apply for citizenship for free if you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen who settled in the UK before 1 January 1973, or you\u2019re the child of someone who did.\n\n## If you suffered losses because you did not have documents\n\nIf you are eligible for this scheme, you might also be able to apply for compensation. The compensation scheme is for losses that happened because you could not show that you had a right to live in the UK.\n\n\u2018Losses\u2019 can be things like not being able to work, find a place to live or get health treatment. They can also include immigration action, like detention or removal from the UK.\n\n## You arrived before 1973 from a Commonwealth country\n\nYou may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen\n\n- you were settled in the UK before 1 January 1973\n\nWhat you\u2019re entitled to depends on whether you:\n\n- have been living in the UK continuously\n\n- left the UK for more than 2 years and came back\n\n- are outside the UK\n\n## If you\u2019ve been living in the UK continuously\n\nIf you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously, or have the right of abode, you can apply for one of the following:\n\n- British citizenship\n\n- evidence you have the right of abode\n\n- a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019ve left the UK for more than 2 years and come back\n\nIf you\u2019ve been away from the UK for more than 2 years at some point and are now lawfully in the UK, you might be entitled to indefinite leave to remain.\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain you might be able to apply for either:\n\n- a document to prove you have this\n\n- British citizenship\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve left the UK and have lost your indefinite leave to remain, you might be entitled to:\n\n- a Returning Resident visa\n\n- a 10 year multiple entry visa\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## You're the child of a Commonwealth citizen who arrived before 1973\n\nYou can apply for British citizenship or a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain.\n\nIf you do not have indefinite leave to remain but are here lawfully, you can apply for it through the scheme.\n\nTo apply, one of your parents must be a Commonwealth citizen and either:\n\n- was settled in the UK before 1 January 1973\n\n- had the right of abode\n\nOne of the following must also be true:\n\n- you were born in the UK\n\n- you came to live in the UK before turning 18\n\nYou must have lived continuously in the UK since arriving (or being born) here.\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## You arrived before 1989\n\nYou can apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if you came to live in the UK before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here.\n\nYou can be of any nationality.\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## How to apply\n\nWhen you apply, the Home Office will work with other government departments to find records of you living in the UK.\n\nNone of your information will be shared with immigration enforcement teams.\n\n## If you\u2019re in the UK\n\nApply using the Windrush Scheme application form (UK).\n\nPost it to the address on the form with your supporting documents.\n\nThe Windrush helpline can post a paper form to you.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYou must apply using an online form.\n\n## Fee\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Windrush taskforce will get in touch with you if they have any questions about your application, or if they need more information.\n\n## Give your fingerprints and photo\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to provide your fingerprints and photo (\u2018biometric information\u2019) once you\u2019ve sent in your form. You will not have to pay anything to do this.\n\n## Commonwealth countries\n\nYou may be eligible for the Windrush Scheme if you arrived in the UK from any country before 1989.\n\nYou may also be eligible if you or your parent is a citizen of one of the following Commonwealth countries:\n\n- Anguilla\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- The Bahamas\n\n- Bangladesh\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Bermuda\n\n- Botswana\n\n- British Antarctic Territory\n\n- British Indian Ocean Territory\n\n- Brunei\n\n- Canada\n\n- Cayman Islands\n\n- Cyprus (excluding the Sovereign base area)\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Falkland Islands\n\n- Fiji\n\n- The Gambia\n\n- Ghana\n\n- Gibraltar\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Hong Kong\n\n- India\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Kenya\n\n- Kiribati\n\n- Lesotho\n\n- Malawi\n\n- Malaysia\n\n- Maldives\n\n- Malta\n\n- Mauritius\n\n- Monserrat\n\n- Namibia\n\n- Nauru\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Nigeria\n\n- Pakistan\n\n- Papua New Guinea\n\n- Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands\n\n- Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha\n\n- Saint Lucia\n\n- Samoa\n\n- Seychelles\n\n- Sierra Leone\n\n- Singapore\n\n- Solomon Islands\n\n- South Africa\n\n- South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands\n\n- Sri Lanka\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Vincent and The Grenadines\n\n- Swaziland\n\n- Tanzania\n\n- Tonga\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- Turks and Caicos Islands\n\n- Tuvalu\n\n- Uganda\n\n- Vanuatu\n\n- Virgin Islands\n\n- Zambia\n\n- Zimbabwe\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Windrush helpline\n\nThe Windrush helpline can:\n\n- help you make a claim\n\n- give extra support to those who need it - for example, elderly or vulnerable claimants\n\n- post a form to you\n\nIf you are outside the UK, email the helpline and request a call back.\n\nOutside of the helpline opening hours, you can leave a message to ask for your call to be returned at a convenient time.\n\nYou can also sign up for email updates about the scheme.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I came to UK in 1970 from Sri Lanka when there was war crisis in Sri Lanka. Though I am settled here I don't have proper documents till now that I have rights to work and live in UK", + "original_question": "I was denied a place to live in UK because of the lack of documents. Is there way to claim compensation on denial of rights ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-263", + "question": "Scenario: I am a veterinarian, and offer a microchip implantation service for my clients' dogs and cats and occasionally livestock. Recently I've had two cases where dogs have suffered what appeared to be an autoimmune reaction to the chip.\n\nQuestion: Do I need the microchip number(s) to make a report of this to DEFRA?\n\nDocument - Report a suspected problem with an animal medicine or microchip:\n## Overview\n\nYou can report an unexpected reaction to an animal medicine or microchip to the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). You can also report if an animal medicine has not worked.\n\nHow you report the reaction depends on whether:\n\n- an animal has reacted to animal medicine or to a microchip\n\n- a human has reacted to animal medicine\n\nVMD will use the information you provide to help make sure that animal medicines and microchips are used safely and effectively.\n\n## Report an animal's reaction to animal medicine\n\nYou can report when a medicine may not have worked, or could have made your animal unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for details of:\n\n- the medicine, including batch number and marketing authorisation number if known\n\n- the animal that was affected, for example the species, breed and age\n\n- when and how the medicine was first given to the animal\n\n- the symptoms\n\nSend your report\n\n## If you cannot report online\n\nDownload and fill in the form for reporting reactions in animals. Send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Report an animal's reaction to a microchip\n\nYou can report suspected incidents with animal microchips including:\n\n- a reaction to the chip being implanted, such as injury, infection or prolonged bleeding\n\n- if a chip\u2019s moved from where it was implanted or has come out\n\n- a chip that does not read properly\n\nYou\u2019ll need the microchip number to make a report.\n\nSend your report\n\nContact VMD if you cannot report the incident online.\n\n## Report a person's reaction to animal medicine\n\nYou can report a suspected reaction you or someone else has had to an animal medicine while using it on an animal, for example a skin allergy.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for details of:\n\n- the medicine, including the batch number and marketing authorisation number (if you know it)\n\n- the people affected - and how and when they came into contact with the medicine\n\n- the symptoms\n\nSend your report\n\n## If you cannot report online\n\nDownload and fill in the form for reporting reactions in humans. Send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Contact VMD\n\nContact the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) Pharmacovigilance Team if you have any questions about reporting reactions.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-veterinary-medicine-problem", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a veterinarian, and offer a microchip implantation service for my clients' dogs and cats and occasionally livestock. Recently I've had two cases where dogs have suffered what appeared to be an autoimmune reaction to the chip.", + "original_question": "Do I need the microchip number(s) to make a report of this to DEFRA?" + }, + { + "id": "train-264", + "question": "Scenario: I am a dog owner, and recently one of my dogs got into a fight with another dog and sustained quite serious bite wounds. On my vet's advice I bathed these with Chlorhexidine solution to prevent sepsis; however, this appeared to cause an allergic reaction in myself, resulting in a irritating skin rash.\n\nQuestion: Can I report this problem to DEFRA?\n\nDocument - Report a suspected problem with an animal medicine or microchip:\n## Overview\n\nYou can report an unexpected reaction to an animal medicine or microchip to the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). You can also report if an animal medicine has not worked.\n\nHow you report the reaction depends on whether:\n\n- an animal has reacted to animal medicine or to a microchip\n\n- a human has reacted to animal medicine\n\nVMD will use the information you provide to help make sure that animal medicines and microchips are used safely and effectively.\n\n## Report an animal's reaction to animal medicine\n\nYou can report when a medicine may not have worked, or could have made your animal unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for details of:\n\n- the medicine, including batch number and marketing authorisation number if known\n\n- the animal that was affected, for example the species, breed and age\n\n- when and how the medicine was first given to the animal\n\n- the symptoms\n\nSend your report\n\n## If you cannot report online\n\nDownload and fill in the form for reporting reactions in animals. Send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Report an animal's reaction to a microchip\n\nYou can report suspected incidents with animal microchips including:\n\n- a reaction to the chip being implanted, such as injury, infection or prolonged bleeding\n\n- if a chip\u2019s moved from where it was implanted or has come out\n\n- a chip that does not read properly\n\nYou\u2019ll need the microchip number to make a report.\n\nSend your report\n\nContact VMD if you cannot report the incident online.\n\n## Report a person's reaction to animal medicine\n\nYou can report a suspected reaction you or someone else has had to an animal medicine while using it on an animal, for example a skin allergy.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for details of:\n\n- the medicine, including the batch number and marketing authorisation number (if you know it)\n\n- the people affected - and how and when they came into contact with the medicine\n\n- the symptoms\n\nSend your report\n\n## If you cannot report online\n\nDownload and fill in the form for reporting reactions in humans. Send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Contact VMD\n\nContact the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) Pharmacovigilance Team if you have any questions about reporting reactions.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-veterinary-medicine-problem", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a dog owner, and recently one of my dogs got into a fight with another dog and sustained quite serious bite wounds. On my vet's advice I bathed these with Chlorhexidine solution to prevent sepsis; however, this appeared to cause an allergic reaction in myself, resulting in a irritating skin rash.", + "original_question": "Can I report this problem to DEFRA?" + }, + { + "id": "train-265", + "question": "Scenario: I am a refugee from Sri Lanka and have a child. I moved to UK only 2 months back and yet to get a job but I have just start looking for a job\n\nQuestion: Are I eligible to claim Child Tax Credit ?\n\nDocument - Tax credits if you leave or move to the UK:\n## Your family lives abroad\n\nIf your partner is outside the UK and you do not have children, check the Working Tax Credit guidance for information on whether you can continue to claim.\n\n## You have a child who lives abroad\n\nIf you already get Working Tax Credit and want to add Child Tax Credit to your claim, check if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nIf you already get Child Tax Credit, you may be able to make a claim for an additional child if:\n\n- you are working in the UK\n\n- the child is living in the EEA or Switzerland\n\n- you are supporting the child\n\nYou must also be one of the following:\n\n- an EEA or Swiss citizen who has settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- an EEA or Swiss citizen who had a right to reside in the UK on 31 December 2020\n\n- a family member of an EEA or Swiss citizen (who has settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or had a right to reside in the UK on 31 December 2020) and you are residing in the UK\n\n- a person with dual nationality, one of which is nationality of an EEA country or Switzerland\n\n- covered by any of the other conditions in the Withdrawal Agreement with the EEA and Switzerland\n\nYou usually cannot claim for a child who lives outside the EEA or Switzerland. There\u2019s an exception if your partner is a Crown servant posted abroad.\n\nYou must let HMRC know within a month if your partner or child join you in the UK. This is because your tax credits payments may change.\n\n## Your partner gets benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland\n\nIf you\u2019ve got children and your partner gets benefits paid by an EEA country or Switzerland, this may affect your tax credits. You must tell HMRC if you or your partner are paid benefits by an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\nSome benefits are counted as income, for example benefits paid because of unemployment.\n\n## Going abroad\n\nYour tax credits will stop if you expect to be away for one year or more.\n\nYou may still qualify for tax credits if you go abroad for a short period, for example on holiday or for medical treatment.\n\n| Reason for leaving | How long you can get tax credits for |\n\n| Medical treatment for yourself, your partner or your child | Up to 12 weeks |\n\n| Death of your partner, a child or close relative of either you or your partner | Up to 12 weeks |\n\n| Any other reason, for example holidays or business | Up to 8 weeks |\n\nIf your trip is going to last longer than 8 or 12 weeks, contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within a month. Your tax credits will end unless:\n\n- you get UK benefits or State Pension and you live in another European country with a child\n\n- you work and pay National Insurance contributions in the UK, but your family lives in another European country\n\n## You live outside the UK\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if you\u2019re a Crown servant posted overseas or you live abroad with your child and get UK benefits or the State Pension.\n\n## You\u2019re a Crown servant posted overseas\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits, just as if you were living in the UK. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will treat you as being in the UK if any of the following applies:\n\n- you are, or were just before you were posted abroad, \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve had a series of postings abroad, with no breaks in between - and you are or were \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK immediately before the first of those postings\n\n- you were in the UK just before you were posted abroad and the reason you were in the UK was connected to your posting - this can apply to a single posting or to a series of postings\n\n## Ordinarily resident\n\nOrdinarily resident means you normally live in the UK, and plan to stay here for the time being. When HMRC decides if you\u2019re ordinarily resident in the UK they\u2019ll look at things like:\n\n- where your settled home is\n\n- where your close family live\n\n- why you came to the UK\n\n- if you plan to leave the UK permanently in the next 2 or 3 years\n\n## Your partner\u2019s a Crown servant posted overseas\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if your partner\u2019s a Crown servant posted outside the UK and you:\n\n- live with your partner while they work abroad\n\n- live in the UK while your partner works abroad\n\nYou do not need to be ordinarily resident in the UK during the time you\u2019re with your Crown servant partner overseas.\n\n## You have a child - and get UK benefits or State Pension\n\nIf none of the sections above apply to you, you may continue to get Child Tax Credit (or add it to an existing Working Tax Credit claim) if you and your child live in a European Union (EU) member state and you get State Pension or one of the following benefits:\n\n- Incapacity Benefit\n\n- State Pension\n\n- Widow\u2019s Benefit\n\n- Bereavement Benefit\n\n- Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit\n\n- contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Severe Disablement Allowance\n\nYou will not be able to get Child Tax Credit if you do not live in an EU member state, unless you (or your partner) are a Crown servant posted abroad.\n\n## Moving to the UK\n\nYou must have been living in the UK for 3 months before you were eligible to claim Child Tax Credit if you moved to the UK on or after 1 July 2014 and do not have a job. This does not apply if you:\n\n- are a family member of someone who works or is self-employed\n\n- are a refugee\n\n- have been granted discretionary leave to enter or stay in the UK and you can get benefits\n\n- have been given leave to stay as a displaced person and you can get benefits\n\n- have been given to leave to stay and have applied for settlement as a victim of domestic violence\n\n- have been granted humanitarian protection\n\n- were made redundant in the UK (or your family member was) and you\u2019re looking for a job or in training\n\n- were working in the UK before but temporarily cannot work because of your health or an accident\n\n- have been abroad for less than a year but usually live in the UK and were claiming Child Tax Credits before moving\n\n- have been abroad for less than a year but usually live in the UK and were in the UK for at least 3 months before moving\n\n- paid Class 1 or Class 2 National Insurance contributions while you were working abroad, and paid these in the 3 month period before returning to the UK\n\n## Cross-border workers\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if you regularly travel from:\n\n- another country to work in the UK\n\n- the UK to work in another country\n\n## Working Tax Credit\n\nYou may continue to get Working Tax Credit if you live in:\n\n- an EEA country (including Switzerland) and work in the UK\n\n- the UK and work in an EEA country (including Switzerland)\n\n## Child Tax Credit\n\nYou and your partner - if you have one - may continue to get Child Tax Credit for your children if:\n\n- you work in the UK\n\n- you pay National Insurance as a worker here\n\n- your child lives in an EEA country or in Switzerland\n\n- your child is living with your partner or someone else and they depend on you to support them\n\nYou usually cannot claim for a child who lives outside the EEA or Switzerland. There\u2019s an exception if your partner is a Crown servant posted abroad.\n\n## Childcare costs\n\nYou can usually claim help for your childcare costs through the childcare element of Working Tax Credit.\n\nTo qualify your children must either:\n\n- be in registered or approved childcare in the UK\n\n- be in childcare approved by a Ministry of Defence accreditation scheme abroad - if you\u2019re a Crown servant posted abroad\n\n## Immigration control\n\nYou usually cannot get tax credits if you\u2019re \u2018subject to immigration control\u2019, although there are some exceptions. You\u2019ll still need to meet the other qualifying rules, for example work the right number of hours.\n\nWhen you arrived in the UK your passport may have been stamped. The stamp shows the conditions of your stay in the UK, for example \u2018no recourse to public funds\u2019. Public funds include tax credits and most benefits.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if:\n\n- your partner lives in the UK and is not subject to immigration control\n\n- one of the examples below applies to you or your partner\n\n## You have permission to stay in the UK because someone else supports you\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if someone else is responsible for your maintenance while you\u2019re in the UK. This means they pay for your upkeep and provide you with somewhere to live. This person is often called your \u2018sponsor\u2019, and could be a friend, employer or relative.\n\nAll of the following must apply:\n\n- your sponsor has given the Home Office a written statement saying that they\u2019re sponsoring you\n\n- your sponsor has permission to stay in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living permanently in the UK for at least 5 years, either since you came into the UK or since you started being sponsored (whichever date is later)\n\nYou may also continue to get tax credits if you\u2019ve been living in the UK for fewer than 5 years, but:\n\n- your sponsor has died\n\n- all your sponsors - if you had more than one - have died\n\n## You\u2019re from Albania, Morocco, San Marino or Tunisia\n\nYou cannot get Working Tax Credit.\n\nYou may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you\u2019re either working in the UK or you\u2019re not working because you\u2019re:\n\n- retired\n\n- pregnant or looking after children\n\n- sick or disabled or your partner has died\n\n## You\u2019re from Turkey\n\nTo continue to get Working Tax Credit you need to be lawfully present in the UK and a Turkish national.\n\nYou may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you\u2019re either working in the UK or you\u2019re not working because you\u2019re:\n\n- retired\n\n- pregnant or looking after children\n\n- sick or disabled or your partner has died\n\n## You\u2019re from North Macedonia\n\nYou may continue to get Working Tax Credit if you\u2019re a national of North Macedonia. You\u2019ll need to be lawfully present in the UK.\n\nYou cannot normally get Child Tax Credit. However, you may continue to if you\u2019ve been getting payments for your children through Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## You claimed asylum before 5 February 2006\n\nYou may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you received financial support for your children through Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-if-moving-country-or-travelling", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a refugee from Sri Lanka and have a child. I moved to UK only 2 months back and yet to get a job but I have just start looking for a job", + "original_question": "Are I eligible to claim Child Tax Credit ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-270", + "question": "Scenario: I work part-time as a bookkeeper, and in my spare time I volunteer for a local charity which runs a day care centre. This involves collecting old people in my car and taking them to and from the centre, with my travel expenses covered on a fixed rate per-mile basis. Recently I changed from a petrol vehicle to an electric one, resulting in much lower running costs.\n\nQuestion: If my travel expenses have been overpaid as a result of this change, is the overpayment taxable?\n\nDocument - Volunteer opportunities, rights and expenses:\n## Find volunteer opportunities\n\nYou can find volunteering opportunities on the:\n\n- Do-it website\n\n- Volunteering Matters website for young, older and disabled volunteers\n\n- National Association for Voluntary and Community Action website\n\n- local Volunteer Centre website\n\n- Reach Volunteering website for volunteers with specific skills - like accountancy, marketing, law, management, mentoring or IT\n\n- Volunteering Wales website\n\n- Volunteer Scotland website\n\nFind out about volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## Volunteers' rights\n\nYou do not have a contract of employment as a volunteer, so you do not have the same rights as an employee or worker.\n\nYou will usually be given a volunteer agreement that explains:\n\n- the level of supervision and support you\u2019ll get\n\n- what training you\u2019ll get\n\n- whether you\u2019re covered under the organisation\u2019s employer or public liability insurance\n\n- health and safety issues\n\n- any expenses the organisation will cover\n\nThe volunteer agreement is not compulsory, but sets out what you can expect from the organisation you\u2019re volunteering for. It does not form a contract between you and the organisation.\n\nThe National Council for Voluntary Organisations (NCVO) has information on volunteers\u2019 legal status.\n\n## When you can volunteer\n\n## Age limits\n\nThere\u2019s no upper age limit on volunteering, but anyone over 70 will need to follow public health advice on volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nSome organisations\u2019 insurance policies do not cover you if you\u2019re under 16 or over a certain age.\n\nYou cannot work for a profit-making organisation if you\u2019re under 14, even if you\u2019re not paid.\n\nYour local council might have extra rules about the work you can do as a young person.\n\n## Volunteering and benefits\n\nYou can volunteer and claim benefits if:\n\n- the only money you get from volunteering is to cover expenses, like travel costs\n\n- you continue to meet the conditions of the benefit you get\n\n## Criminal records\n\nIf you have a criminal record you can still volunteer in most roles, depending on your offences. You might need a Disclosure and Barring Service check if you want to volunteer with children or vulnerable adults.\n\n## Pay and expenses\n\nYou are not paid for your time as a volunteer, but you may get money to cover expenses. This is usually limited to food, drink, travel or any equipment you need to buy.\n\nYou may need to pay tax on your driving expenses if you get back more than you spent.\n\nYou might be classed as an employee or worker rather than a volunteer if you get any other payment, reward or benefit in kind. This includes any promise of a contract or paid work in the future.\n\nYou get certain employment rights if you\u2019re classed as an employee or worker, like getting the minimum wage.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/volunteering", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I work part-time as a bookkeeper, and in my spare time I volunteer for a local charity which runs a day care centre. This involves collecting old people in my car and taking them to and from the centre, with my travel expenses covered on a fixed rate per-mile basis. Recently I changed from a petrol vehicle to an electric one, resulting in much lower running costs.", + "original_question": "If my travel expenses have been overpaid as a result of this change, is the overpayment taxable?" + }, + { + "id": "train-271", + "question": "Scenario: I am 15 years old and wish to volunteer for a local charity. At the age of 13 I received a caution from the police for writing graffiti on a bus shelter, which will show up on any DBS Check run on me until I'm 16.\n\nQuestion: Can I still do volunteer work, or do I need to wait for the caution to expire?\n\nDocument - Volunteer opportunities, rights and expenses:\n## Find volunteer opportunities\n\nYou can find volunteering opportunities on the:\n\n- Do-it website\n\n- Volunteering Matters website for young, older and disabled volunteers\n\n- National Association for Voluntary and Community Action website\n\n- local Volunteer Centre website\n\n- Reach Volunteering website for volunteers with specific skills - like accountancy, marketing, law, management, mentoring or IT\n\n- Volunteering Wales website\n\n- Volunteer Scotland website\n\nFind out about volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## Volunteers' rights\n\nYou do not have a contract of employment as a volunteer, so you do not have the same rights as an employee or worker.\n\nYou will usually be given a volunteer agreement that explains:\n\n- the level of supervision and support you\u2019ll get\n\n- what training you\u2019ll get\n\n- whether you\u2019re covered under the organisation\u2019s employer or public liability insurance\n\n- health and safety issues\n\n- any expenses the organisation will cover\n\nThe volunteer agreement is not compulsory, but sets out what you can expect from the organisation you\u2019re volunteering for. It does not form a contract between you and the organisation.\n\nThe National Council for Voluntary Organisations (NCVO) has information on volunteers\u2019 legal status.\n\n## When you can volunteer\n\n## Age limits\n\nThere\u2019s no upper age limit on volunteering, but anyone over 70 will need to follow public health advice on volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nSome organisations\u2019 insurance policies do not cover you if you\u2019re under 16 or over a certain age.\n\nYou cannot work for a profit-making organisation if you\u2019re under 14, even if you\u2019re not paid.\n\nYour local council might have extra rules about the work you can do as a young person.\n\n## Volunteering and benefits\n\nYou can volunteer and claim benefits if:\n\n- the only money you get from volunteering is to cover expenses, like travel costs\n\n- you continue to meet the conditions of the benefit you get\n\n## Criminal records\n\nIf you have a criminal record you can still volunteer in most roles, depending on your offences. You might need a Disclosure and Barring Service check if you want to volunteer with children or vulnerable adults.\n\n## Pay and expenses\n\nYou are not paid for your time as a volunteer, but you may get money to cover expenses. This is usually limited to food, drink, travel or any equipment you need to buy.\n\nYou may need to pay tax on your driving expenses if you get back more than you spent.\n\nYou might be classed as an employee or worker rather than a volunteer if you get any other payment, reward or benefit in kind. This includes any promise of a contract or paid work in the future.\n\nYou get certain employment rights if you\u2019re classed as an employee or worker, like getting the minimum wage.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/volunteering", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 15 years old and wish to volunteer for a local charity. At the age of 13 I received a caution from the police for writing graffiti on a bus shelter, which will show up on any DBS Check run on me until I'm 16.", + "original_question": "Can I still do volunteer work, or do I need to wait for the caution to expire?" + }, + { + "id": "train-272", + "question": "Scenario: I have started a new Youtube channel about movie reviews. I am planning to use some of songs from a movie. The songs are copyrighted\n\nQuestion: Will it be enough if I get a permission from a person who acquired the rights ?\n\nDocument - Using somebody else's intellectual property:\n## Overview\n\nYou can usually get permission to use someone else\u2019s intellectual property (IP) by buying the rights from them or getting their permission to use it.\n\nUsing someone\u2019s trade mark, patent, copyright or design without their permission is known as \u2018IP infringement\u2019 and could lead to a fine, prison or both.\n\nRead about IP crime and enforcement for more information on the penalties.\n\n## Trade marks\n\nTo use an existing trade mark you should contact the current owner.\n\nFind the owner of a registered trade mark by searching the trade marks database.\n\n## Licensing\n\nA licence is a formal agreement to use someone else\u2019s trade mark. You and the owner must agree the terms of the licence, for example the cost or how long it will last.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve agreed a licence to use the trade mark, fill in the form to record a licensee and post it. The address is on the form.\n\nPost an application to remove or amend the record of a licence when the licensing agreement ends or if you need to change it.\n\nThe owner must sign any form you send, or you must send proof of the agreement with your application.\n\nEach application costs \u00a350.\n\n## Buying\n\nYou must tell IPO if you become the new owner of a trade mark, for example by buying it or as the result of a company merger.\n\nIn some cases the owner may only sell you one part of a trade mark, for example they may not sell the right to register derivative marks. This is known as a \u2018partial assignment\u2019.\n\nUse either:\n\n- \u2018Application to record a change of ownership\u2019 form\n\n- \u2018Application to record a partial assignment of goods and/or services\u2019 form\n\nEach application costs \u00a350.\n\nFill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.\n\n## Coexistence agreements\n\nYou may be able to use an identical trade mark (for example company name, logo) as someone else by making a coexistence agreement.\n\nThis means you agree that both of you can continue to use the trade mark.\n\n## Patents\n\nContact the owner of the patent to see if they\u2019ll:\n\n- license it to you\n\n- sell it to you\n\nSearch the patent databases to find the current owner.\n\n## Licensing\n\nAny licence arrangement, including cost, is made directly between you and the patent owner.\n\nYou can ask Intellectual Property Office (IPO) for help to resolve patent disputes if you can\u2019t reach an agreement.\n\nIPO can\u2019t decide the exact terms of the licence (for example the price) but can decide:\n\n- what can and can\u2019t be part of a licence\n\n- if the patent owner must grant you a licence (known as a \u2018compulsory licence under a patent\u2019)\n\n## Licence of right\n\nA patent with \u2018licence of right\u2019, means that the patent owners will give anyone a licence to use it.\n\nYou must still agree with the owner on the terms of the licence before you can use the patent.\n\nYou can ask IPO for help if you can\u2019t reach agreement.\n\n## Registering your licence\n\nRegister a licence agreement (or changes to an existing licence, for example cancellation) by filling in Patents form 21. Send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.\n\n## Buying a patent\n\nWhen someone sells you a patent they must transfer ownership to you.\n\nYou need a written document to record the transfer. This is known as an \u2018assignment\u2019 and must be signed by the person selling the patent.\n\nA solicitor can help you draw up this document.\n\nFill in Patents form 21 and return it to the address on the form. Include a copy of your assignment.\n\nYou can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.\n\n## Copyright\n\nYou can\u2019t copy or use copyright material without permission. For example, you can\u2019t buy a painting and then use copies of it for a book cover, or buy a CD and use a track from it in a film.\n\nTo use something protected by copyright you must either:\n\n- agree a licence with the owner to use it\n\n- buy or acquire the copyright\n\n- confirm that your intended use falls within the exceptions to copyright\n\n## Finding a copyright owner\n\nA person can give permission if they are:\n\n- the person who made it (the creator), or their family or heirs\n\n- the creator\u2019s employer, if it was created it as part of the creator\u2019s job\n\n- a person who bought, acquired or licensed the rights\n\n- an organisation representing the copyright owner\n\nYou may be able to find out who owns copyright from Writers, Artists and their copyright holders (WATCH).\n\nIf you can\u2019t find out who the copyright owner is check if you need a licence to use the work.\n\n## Licensing\n\nYou must agree the terms of an agreement with the current owner to use all or part of copyright works.\n\nThe licence agreement may allow you to use it for one or more specified purposes and may apply only for a limited time or in specific places.\n\n## Exclusive use\n\nYou\u2019ll be the only person able to use something for the duration of the agreement.\n\nThis includes the copyright owner, who won\u2019t be able to use it themselves while the agreement is in place.\n\n## Limited use\n\nYou\u2019ll only be given permission to use something for one or more specific reasons, for example publishing a photograph in one edition of a magazine or using a song as the theme for one series of a TV show.\n\nYou need to agree another licence if you want to use the material for something else.\n\n## Creative Commons licence\n\nSome copyright owners release work under a Creative Commons licence.\n\nYou must check what kind of use the licence allows.\n\n## Buying copyright\n\nWhen you buy copyright the person you\u2019re buying from transfers the copyright to you.\n\nOnce you own the copyright to something you can use it for anything you like, without the creator\u2019s express permission, as long as you respect their moral rights.\n\nYou must have a written agreement, signed by the copyright owner, stating that they have transferred ownership of the copyright to you.\n\n## Moral rights\n\nThe creator may still have certain rights regarding how their work is used even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.\n\nAuthors, playwrights, composers, artists and film directors have the moral right:\n\n- to be recognised as the creator of the work when copies are made available to the public\n\n- to object to the work being altered in a way that has negative effect on their reputation\n\n- to not have someone else\u2019s work falsely attributed to them\n\nPerformers, such as actors or dancers, have the moral right:\n\n- to be recognised as the performer of the piece\n\n- to object to the performance being altered in a way that is damaging to their reputation\n\nThe creator or performer of a piece of work to which you own the copyright must tell you if they want to exercise these rights.\n\nThey can choose whether or not to use their moral rights.\n\nMoral rights can\u2019t be sold or transferred in the same way as copyright. They last for as long as the piece of work is covered by copyright.\n\n## Performers\u2019 rights\n\nPerformers, for example in films or broadcasts, may still have \u2018economic rights\u2019 to some copyright material, even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.\n\nFor example, if you\u2019ve bought the copyright to a filmed recording of a play you may still have to pay the actors if you broadcast it.\n\n## Permitted use of copyright works\n\nYou may not need permission if you\u2019re using a copyright work for the following reasons:\n\n- non-commercial research and private study\n\n- criticism, review and reporting current events\n\n- teaching in educational establishments\n\n- helping disabled people\n\n- recording for use at a later date\n\nYou may not need permission if you only want to use a \u2018less than a substantial\u2019 part of a copyright protected work. This is decided on a case by case basis.\n\nGenerally something won\u2019t be less than a substantial part if it could be seen as an important part of the work, for example a frame from a film or the conclusions of a report.\n\nGet legal advice from an intellectual property professional before using copyrighted material, if you\u2019re in any doubt.\n\nRead the guidance on exceptions to copyright for detailed information.\n\n## Designs\n\nTo use a registered design you must contact the current owner and either agree a licence to use the design or buy it from them.\n\nThe licence between you and the design\u2019s owner will tell you:\n\n- what you can do with the design\n\n- how long your licence will last\n\n- what you have to pay - if anything\n\nYou can do anything with a design that you\u2019ve bought.\n\nFill in and send form DF12A to register a licence or transfer ownership of the design - the address is on the form.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have started a new Youtube channel about movie reviews. I am planning to use some of songs from a movie. The songs are copyrighted", + "original_question": "Will it be enough if I get a permission from a person who acquired the rights ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-273", + "question": "Scenario: We run a software company. We have recently merged with another software company. There is a trade mark registered on the merged company and we are the new owner of the trade mark\n\nQuestion: Do we have to inform IPO about the change of owner ?\n\nDocument - Using somebody else's intellectual property:\n## Overview\n\nYou can usually get permission to use someone else\u2019s intellectual property (IP) by buying the rights from them or getting their permission to use it.\n\nUsing someone\u2019s trade mark, patent, copyright or design without their permission is known as \u2018IP infringement\u2019 and could lead to a fine, prison or both.\n\nRead about IP crime and enforcement for more information on the penalties.\n\n## Trade marks\n\nTo use an existing trade mark you should contact the current owner.\n\nFind the owner of a registered trade mark by searching the trade marks database.\n\n## Licensing\n\nA licence is a formal agreement to use someone else\u2019s trade mark. You and the owner must agree the terms of the licence, for example the cost or how long it will last.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve agreed a licence to use the trade mark, fill in the form to record a licensee and post it. The address is on the form.\n\nPost an application to remove or amend the record of a licence when the licensing agreement ends or if you need to change it.\n\nThe owner must sign any form you send, or you must send proof of the agreement with your application.\n\nEach application costs \u00a350.\n\n## Buying\n\nYou must tell IPO if you become the new owner of a trade mark, for example by buying it or as the result of a company merger.\n\nIn some cases the owner may only sell you one part of a trade mark, for example they may not sell the right to register derivative marks. This is known as a \u2018partial assignment\u2019.\n\nUse either:\n\n- \u2018Application to record a change of ownership\u2019 form\n\n- \u2018Application to record a partial assignment of goods and/or services\u2019 form\n\nEach application costs \u00a350.\n\nFill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.\n\n## Coexistence agreements\n\nYou may be able to use an identical trade mark (for example company name, logo) as someone else by making a coexistence agreement.\n\nThis means you agree that both of you can continue to use the trade mark.\n\n## Patents\n\nContact the owner of the patent to see if they\u2019ll:\n\n- license it to you\n\n- sell it to you\n\nSearch the patent databases to find the current owner.\n\n## Licensing\n\nAny licence arrangement, including cost, is made directly between you and the patent owner.\n\nYou can ask Intellectual Property Office (IPO) for help to resolve patent disputes if you can\u2019t reach an agreement.\n\nIPO can\u2019t decide the exact terms of the licence (for example the price) but can decide:\n\n- what can and can\u2019t be part of a licence\n\n- if the patent owner must grant you a licence (known as a \u2018compulsory licence under a patent\u2019)\n\n## Licence of right\n\nA patent with \u2018licence of right\u2019, means that the patent owners will give anyone a licence to use it.\n\nYou must still agree with the owner on the terms of the licence before you can use the patent.\n\nYou can ask IPO for help if you can\u2019t reach agreement.\n\n## Registering your licence\n\nRegister a licence agreement (or changes to an existing licence, for example cancellation) by filling in Patents form 21. Send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.\n\n## Buying a patent\n\nWhen someone sells you a patent they must transfer ownership to you.\n\nYou need a written document to record the transfer. This is known as an \u2018assignment\u2019 and must be signed by the person selling the patent.\n\nA solicitor can help you draw up this document.\n\nFill in Patents form 21 and return it to the address on the form. Include a copy of your assignment.\n\nYou can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.\n\n## Copyright\n\nYou can\u2019t copy or use copyright material without permission. For example, you can\u2019t buy a painting and then use copies of it for a book cover, or buy a CD and use a track from it in a film.\n\nTo use something protected by copyright you must either:\n\n- agree a licence with the owner to use it\n\n- buy or acquire the copyright\n\n- confirm that your intended use falls within the exceptions to copyright\n\n## Finding a copyright owner\n\nA person can give permission if they are:\n\n- the person who made it (the creator), or their family or heirs\n\n- the creator\u2019s employer, if it was created it as part of the creator\u2019s job\n\n- a person who bought, acquired or licensed the rights\n\n- an organisation representing the copyright owner\n\nYou may be able to find out who owns copyright from Writers, Artists and their copyright holders (WATCH).\n\nIf you can\u2019t find out who the copyright owner is check if you need a licence to use the work.\n\n## Licensing\n\nYou must agree the terms of an agreement with the current owner to use all or part of copyright works.\n\nThe licence agreement may allow you to use it for one or more specified purposes and may apply only for a limited time or in specific places.\n\n## Exclusive use\n\nYou\u2019ll be the only person able to use something for the duration of the agreement.\n\nThis includes the copyright owner, who won\u2019t be able to use it themselves while the agreement is in place.\n\n## Limited use\n\nYou\u2019ll only be given permission to use something for one or more specific reasons, for example publishing a photograph in one edition of a magazine or using a song as the theme for one series of a TV show.\n\nYou need to agree another licence if you want to use the material for something else.\n\n## Creative Commons licence\n\nSome copyright owners release work under a Creative Commons licence.\n\nYou must check what kind of use the licence allows.\n\n## Buying copyright\n\nWhen you buy copyright the person you\u2019re buying from transfers the copyright to you.\n\nOnce you own the copyright to something you can use it for anything you like, without the creator\u2019s express permission, as long as you respect their moral rights.\n\nYou must have a written agreement, signed by the copyright owner, stating that they have transferred ownership of the copyright to you.\n\n## Moral rights\n\nThe creator may still have certain rights regarding how their work is used even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.\n\nAuthors, playwrights, composers, artists and film directors have the moral right:\n\n- to be recognised as the creator of the work when copies are made available to the public\n\n- to object to the work being altered in a way that has negative effect on their reputation\n\n- to not have someone else\u2019s work falsely attributed to them\n\nPerformers, such as actors or dancers, have the moral right:\n\n- to be recognised as the performer of the piece\n\n- to object to the performance being altered in a way that is damaging to their reputation\n\nThe creator or performer of a piece of work to which you own the copyright must tell you if they want to exercise these rights.\n\nThey can choose whether or not to use their moral rights.\n\nMoral rights can\u2019t be sold or transferred in the same way as copyright. They last for as long as the piece of work is covered by copyright.\n\n## Performers\u2019 rights\n\nPerformers, for example in films or broadcasts, may still have \u2018economic rights\u2019 to some copyright material, even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.\n\nFor example, if you\u2019ve bought the copyright to a filmed recording of a play you may still have to pay the actors if you broadcast it.\n\n## Permitted use of copyright works\n\nYou may not need permission if you\u2019re using a copyright work for the following reasons:\n\n- non-commercial research and private study\n\n- criticism, review and reporting current events\n\n- teaching in educational establishments\n\n- helping disabled people\n\n- recording for use at a later date\n\nYou may not need permission if you only want to use a \u2018less than a substantial\u2019 part of a copyright protected work. This is decided on a case by case basis.\n\nGenerally something won\u2019t be less than a substantial part if it could be seen as an important part of the work, for example a frame from a film or the conclusions of a report.\n\nGet legal advice from an intellectual property professional before using copyrighted material, if you\u2019re in any doubt.\n\nRead the guidance on exceptions to copyright for detailed information.\n\n## Designs\n\nTo use a registered design you must contact the current owner and either agree a licence to use the design or buy it from them.\n\nThe licence between you and the design\u2019s owner will tell you:\n\n- what you can do with the design\n\n- how long your licence will last\n\n- what you have to pay - if anything\n\nYou can do anything with a design that you\u2019ve bought.\n\nFill in and send form DF12A to register a licence or transfer ownership of the design - the address is on the form.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We run a software company. We have recently merged with another software company. There is a trade mark registered on the merged company and we are the new owner of the trade mark", + "original_question": "Do we have to inform IPO about the change of owner ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-276", + "question": "Scenario: I'm 25 years old and I would like to work on a cruise ship as a casino dealer. I have Type 2 Diabetes, I'm under repeat prescription and I'm also following a strict diet.\n\nQuestion: Can they refuse my request to get my prescription and follow my diet while I am around the world on the ship\n\nDocument - Seafarer working and living rights:\n## Overview\n\nAll seafarers have working and living rights that include:\n\n- employment contracts\n\n- accommodation\n\n- food and medical care\n\nA seafarer is anyone who works on board a seagoing ship, including:\n\n- master and crew\n\n- self-employed contractors\n\n- shopkeepers and hairdressers\n\n- entertainers\n\nA seagoing ship is any vessel:\n\n- on an international voyage or from a foreign port\n\n- on a domestic journey from the UK coast\n\n- more than 500 gross tonnes\n\nThe Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006 came into force on 7 August 2014. It replaced all existing laws on seafarers\u2019 rights.\n\n## Working conditions\n\nThere are minimum requirements seafarers must meet to work at sea.\n\n## Minimum age\n\nThe minimum age for seafarers is 16, although this is 18 if the work involves any:\n\n- night work\n\n- hazardous tasks\n\n## Hazardous tasks\n\nManual tasks on a ship can be hazardous if not done properly, like:\n\n- lifting\n\n- hauling\n\n- mooring\n\n- towing\n\nEmployers of seafarers must ensure their staff:\n\n- know how to operate any equipment correctly\n\n- are aware of safety procedures\n\n- have access to protective personal equipment if needed\n\n## Medical certification for seafarers\n\nAnyone in charge of a ship must have an ENG1 seafarer medical certificate.\n\n## Certificates of competency\n\nSome seafarers will need a certificate of competency before they can carry out certain duties.\n\n## Conditions of employment\n\nSeafarers\u2019 employment contracts are covered by the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006.\n\n## Working time regulations\n\nAll seafarers on seagoing ships are entitled to:\n\n- a minimum of 10 hours\u2019 rest in any 24 hour period\n\n- 77 hours rest in any 7 day period\n\n- at least 4 weeks\u2019 paid annual leave\n\nRead the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002 for more information.\n\n## The 'human element'\n\nThe term \u2018human element\u2019 covers anything to do with the interaction between a human and any system aboard ship, and is of high importance in maritime safety and security.\n\nFactors which affect the human element include:\n\n- recruitment and selection policies and methods\n\n- crew competence, training and experience\n\n- conditions of service, motivation and morale\n\n- design, construction and ergonomics\n\n- standards of build and certification\n\n- maintenance\n\n- stress and fatigue\n\n- security\n\n- living and working conditions\n\n- manning levels and hours of work\n\n- management policies\n\n- safety management systems\n\n- operational systems\n\n- organisational and safety culture\n\n- culture of continuous improvement and workforce engagement\n\nFor more information read \u2018The human element: a guide to human behaviour in the shipping industry\u2019.\n\n## Safe working practices\n\nAll UK ships must carry copies of the \u2018Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen\u2019, unless it\u2019s a fishing boat or pleasure vessel.\n\n## Safe manning of ships\n\nEmployers must ensure their ships have enough properly trained and certificated officers so that it can operate safely at all times.\n\nThere must also be sufficient food on board for the number of seafarers serving.\n\nRead more in \u2018Merchant Shipping Notice 1868 (M) UK requirements for safe manning and watchkeeping\u2019.\n\n## Noise and vibration\n\nA seafarer\u2019s employer must carry out risk assessments to identify who\u2019s at risk from noise or vibration in their work and what can be done to reduce or remove these risks.\n\n## Protective personal equipment (PPE)\n\nA seafarer\u2019s employer must give them suitable protective equipment if they\u2019re performing dangerous tasks.\n\nYou can find further information in the code of safe working practices for merchant seafarers.\n\n## Living conditions\n\nSeafarers\u2019 living conditions are covered by Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) rules on crew accommodation.\n\n## Food and catering\n\nSeafarers\u2019 food and catering conditions are covered by MSN 1845 under MLC rules.\n\n## Health and safety\n\nEmployers of seafarers must follow health and safety rules and provide:\n\n- safe working places and environment\n\n- safe machinery and equipment\n\n- health and safety training, instruction, supervision and information\n\n- a health and safety policy\n\n- protective clothing and equipment where necessary\n\n- information for workers about the findings of their risk assessment\n\n- information on what qualifications any temporary workers must have\n\n- information about their activities and staff to the company\n\n## Risk assessments\n\nAny vessel seafarers work onboard must have had a risk assessment carried out by their employer or the ship owner.\n\n## New or expectant mothers\n\nWhere women of childbearing age are employed as seafarers, a risk assessment must take place of any potential hazard likely to affect a new or expectant mother.\n\nIt does not matter if they are pregnant at the time of the assessment or not.\n\nIf a risk is found that cannot be removed, a new or expectant mother working as a seafarer can be suspended on full pay providing they have either:\n\n- told their employer they\u2019re pregnant\n\n- given birth in the last 6 months\n\n- are breastfeeding\n\nFor more information on health and safety rules for new and expectant mothers, contact the Seafarer Safety and Health Branch of the Maritime and Coastguard Authority (MCA).\n\n## Additional dangers\n\nSeafarers may face additional dangers when living onboard ships.\n\n## Petrol generators\n\nShips that use petrol generators must have a risk assessment carried out to make sure they provide:\n\n- sufficient power for accommodation and lighting\n\n- adequate ventilation\n\n- adequate alarms - for example, carbon monoxide alarms\n\n## Fumigating cargo spaces\n\nIf pesticides are on board a ship, employers must make sure:\n\n- adequate breathing aids are provided for seafarers checking fumigated cargo bulks\n\n- the ship\u2019s destination port is told 24 hours in advance of receiving this cargo\n\n- properly trained personnel check the relevant cargo bulks at port\n\n## Illegal drugs\n\nThe unauthorised presence of drugs on board a ship can have serious legal implications for seafarers and employers, potentially resulting in:\n\n- heavy fines\n\n- detention of a ship\n\n- imprisonment\n\n- the death penalty\n\n## Potentially dangerous cargo\n\nIf seafarers deal with certain toxic cargo or equipment on board ships, their employer must follow a number of specific requirements.\n\nYou can find further information on specialist ships in section 4 of the Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen.\n\n## Health and medical care\n\nEmployers must protect their seafarers\u2019 health by:\n\n- providing immunisations for certain infectious diseases\n\n- making sure hygiene measures are effective and minimise the risks of infection\n\n- making arrangements for infection control\n\n- having the right medical supplies\n\n- knowing the routes and destinations of their ships\n\nUntil the UK made the Maritime Labour Convention (MLA) law, seafarers\u2019 health and safety regulations were covered by the Merchant Shipping Act 1995\n\n## Maritime Labour Convention\n\nThe Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) came into force for the UK on 7 August 2014. It sets out the minimum working and living rights for seafarers.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nThe MLC does not cover seafarers serving on the following boats:\n\n- ships navigating inland or sheltered waters subject to port regulations\n\n- fishing vessels\n\n- warships and naval auxiliaries\n\n- traditional ships, such as dhows\n\n## Minimum requirements\n\nThe MLC sets out minimum standards for seafarers to work on a ship, including:\n\n- minimum age\n\n- medical certification\n\n- training and qualifications\n\n## Age\n\nThe minimum age for seafarers will be 16. Night workers have to be 18 or over.\n\nExceptions can be allowed for:\n\n- training purposes\n\n- where the seafarer\u2019s duties require it, as long as their health and safety is not affected\n\n## Medical certification\n\nAll seafarers must have the right medical certificate to work at sea before they can work on ships.\n\n## Training and qualifications\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers will need to:\n\n- be trained and qualified to perform onboard duties\n\n- receive personal safety training\n\n- for training to conform to International Maritime Organisation standards\n\nFind out more about seafarer training and qualifications.\n\n## Conditions of employment\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers have minimum working rights covering:\n\n- employment agreements\n\n- wages\n\n- hours of rest\n\n- entitlement to leave\n\n- repatriation\n\n- compensation for a ship\u2019s loss or foundering\n\n- manning levels\n\n- career and skills development\n\n- employment opportunities\n\n## Employment contracts\n\nThe convention makes sure contracts between seafarers and shipowner provide fair living and working conditions.\n\nContracts should be in English and include:\n\n- shipowner\u2019s name and address\n\n- seafarer\u2019s name, date and place of birth\n\n- place and date where agreement signed\n\n- conditions for the termination of agreement\n\n- health and social security protection benefits provided by shipowner\n\n- seafarer\u2019s right to repatriation\n\nSeafarers must also be:\n\n- allowed to read and consider contracts before signing them\n\n- given a record of their employment\n\n- given their own copy of their contract (the shipowner should also have a copy)\n\n## Wages\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers\u2019 wages must be:\n\n- paid regularly - for example, monthly\n\n- include monthly statements of accounts\n\n- allow seafarers to transfer part or all of their wages\n\n- keep currency conversion charges to reasonable limits\n\n## Hours of rest\n\nHours of rest must be at least:\n\n- 10 hours in any 24 hour period\n\n- 77 hours in any 7 day period\n\nCrew exercises, such as lifeboat drills, must cause minimal disruption to rest periods. Seafarers called out in a rest period are entitled to a rest period to make up for it.\n\nYou can read Merchant Shipping Notice (MSN) 1848 (M) Amendment 3 MLC survey and certification of UK ships.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers are entitled to paid leave calculated at 2.5 days per calendar month of employment.\n\nRead more about holiday pay for seafarers in the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002.\n\n## Repatriation\n\nThis gives seafarers the right to be returned to their home country:\n\n- when their employment contract ends or is cancelled\n\n- when they\u2019re no longer able to carry out their duties\n\n- in the event of shipwreck\n\n- if their ship is bound for a war zone they have not agreed to go to\n\nShipowners cannot request advance payment for repatriation from seafarers. If a shipowner does not make repatriation arrangements, seafarers on UK ships can be repatriated by the MCA.\n\n## Accommodation and recreational facilities\n\nThe Maritime and Labour Convention (MLC) ensures seafarers have access to decent accommodation and recreational facilities when living on ships.\n\n## Medical care\n\nThese cover seafarers\u2019 rights to:\n\n- decent on board health protection facilities, including essential dental care\n\n- the right to visit qualified medical personnel while in port\n\n- access to a qualified medical doctor on ships carrying more than 100 people on international voyages lasting more than 3 days\n\n- where there is no doctor on board, there must be designated and able seafarer(s) to provide first aid and medical care\n\n## Shipowner\u2019s liabilities\n\nUnder the MLC, if a seafarer suffers accident or disability because of their work the shipowner must provide where necessary:\n\n- assistance and medical care\n\n- repatriation\n\n- burial or cremation, if they die\n\nThe shipowner must have financial cover in case they are liable for compensation for long-term disability or illness.\n\nA shipowner is not liable when an injury is not related to a seafarer\u2019s duties, when it\u2019s caused by wilful misconduct or when a seafarer intentionally hides an illness or disability.\n\n## Health and safety protection\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers\u2019 work environments on ships must:\n\n- have regular risk assessments of workplace hazards - for example, from machinery\n\n- take steps to prevent work accidents\n\n- have a system for reporting accidents and occupational diseases\n\n## Enforcement\n\nUnder the MLC, the MCA can withdraw a ship\u2019s maritime labour certificate if seafarer living and working conditions are breached.\n\n## Complaints\n\nSeafarers can complain if the MLC has not been followed. On board a ship seafarers can complain to a manager. On shore seafarers can complain to an MCA surveyor.\n\nRead MSN 1849 On-board complaints procedure and Marine Guidance Note (MGN) 487 Onshore complaints procedure.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I'm 25 years old and I would like to work on a cruise ship as a casino dealer. I have Type 2 Diabetes, I'm under repeat prescription and I'm also following a strict diet.", + "original_question": "Can they refuse my request to get my prescription and follow my diet while I am around the world on the ship" + }, + { + "id": "train-279", + "question": "Scenario: I own a poultry farm in Telford, and I am consistently getting rid of the non-animal waste involved in maintenance and upkeep.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to pay tax as well as our normal landfill fees?\n\nDocument - Environmental taxes, reliefs and schemes for businesses:\n## Overview\n\nEnvironmental taxes encourage your business to operate in a more environmentally friendly way. There are taxes and schemes for different types and size of business.\n\nYou may get reliefs or be exempt from some taxes, for example if:\n\n- you use a lot of energy because of the nature of your business\n\n- you\u2019re a small business that does not use much energy\n\n- you buy energy-efficient technology for your business\n\nYou can pay less tax by applying for schemes to help you demonstrate that you\u2019re operating more efficiently and producing waste that\u2019s less damaging.\n\n## Climate Change Levy\n\nClimate Change Levy (CCL) is paid at either the:\n\n- main rates\n\n- carbon price support (CPS) rates\n\n## Main rates\n\nYou pay CCL at the main rate on:\n\n- electricity\n\n- gas\n\n- solid fuels - like coal, lignite, coke and petroleum coke\n\nThe CCL main rates are listed on your business\u2019s energy bill.\n\nThere\u2019s more detailed information on Climate Change Levy rates and allowances.\n\n## Who it applies to\n\nYou pay the main rates of CCL if your business is in one of the following sectors:\n\n- industrial\n\n- commercial\n\n- agricultural\n\n- public services\n\nYou do not pay the main rate of CCL on certain supplies, for example if you\u2019re a:\n\n- business that uses small amounts of energy\n\n- domestic energy user\n\n- charity engaged in non-commercial activities\n\n## Fuels that are exempt\n\nElectricity, gas and solid fuel are normally exempt from the main rates of CCL if any of the following apply:\n\n- they will not be used in the UK\n\n- they\u2019re supplied to or from certain combined heat and power (CHP) schemes registered under the CHP quality assurance (CHPQA) programme\n\n- the electricity was generated from renewable sources before 1 August 2015\n\n- they\u2019re used to produce electricity in a generating station which has a capacity of 2MW or greater\n\n- they will not be used as fuel\n\n- they\u2019re used in certain forms of transport\n\nThere are other exemptions and reliefs.\n\n## Pay a reduced rate\n\nYou can get a reduction on the main rates of CCL if you\u2019re an energy intensive business and have entered into a climate change agreement (CCA) with the Environment Agency.\n\nEnergy intensive businesses can get a 90% reduction for electricity and a 65% reduction for gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), coal and other solid fuel.\n\nCheck if your business is eligible. Your industry trade association can also give advice.\n\n## Carbon price support rates\n\nThe CPS rates of CCL encourage industry to use low carbon technology for producing electricity.\n\nYou pay CPS rates for:\n\n- gas\n\n- LPG\n\n- coal and other solid fossil fuels\n\n## Who pays CPS rates\n\nThe CPS rates of CCL are paid by owners of electricity generating stations and operators of combined heat and power (CHP) stations.\n\nCertain suppliers do not have to pay CPS rates. These include small generators, stand-by generators and generating stations in Northern Ireland.\n\n## CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme\n\nThe CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme (formerly known as the \u2018Carbon Reduction Commitment\u2019) covers large, non-energy-intensive organisations, for example:\n\n- supermarkets\n\n- hotels\n\n- water companies\n\n- banks\n\n- local authorities, including state-funded schools\n\n- all central government departments\n\n## How it works\n\nYou should already be registered if your business qualifies for the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme. You must now:\n\n- monitor and report your CO2 emissions from gas and electricity use\n\n- buy enough allowances to cover your annual emissions and surrender them at the end of the year\n\n## If you need more help\n\nThere\u2019s more detailed guidance on the scheme if you\u2019re in England or Wales.\n\n## Emissions trading\n\nThe EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) affects businesses from energy-intensive sectors - like the energy industry and certain manufacturers.\n\nIt lets you buy and sell greenhouse gas emission allowances to reduce your organisation\u2019s environmental impact.\n\nLarge organisations not covered by the EU ETS are covered by another scheme called the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme.\n\n## How it works\n\nIf your business is covered by the EU ETS you must meet targets by:\n\n- cutting your business emissions\n\n- trading emissions allowances\n\nYou\u2019ll need to open an EU Registry account so you can trade allowances. You can then trade allowances by:\n\n- trading directly with other businesses\n\n- buying or selling from intermediaries, for example banks and specialist traders\n\n- using the services of a broker\n\n- joining one of the several exchanges that list carbon allowance products\n\n- bidding at UK government or other EU member state auctions\n\n## Calculate your greenhouse gas emissions\n\nWork out your greenhouse gas emissions by multiplying the amount of energy you use by the (emissions they produce). You need to do this for each type of energy you use.\n\nTo do this, you need to know:\n\n- how much non-renewable energy you\u2019ve used - this information can be found on your gas, electricity and water bills, invoices and receipts\n\n- the greenhouse gases produced by each type of energy (the \u2018emission factor\u2019) - these are updated every year\n\nYou can calculate your carbon emissions online.\n\n## Capital allowances on energy-efficient items\n\nYou can claim capital allowances when you buy energy efficient, or low or zero-carbon technology for your business. This reduces the amount of tax you pay.\n\n## Landfill Tax\n\nYou pay tax on top of your normal landfill fees if your business gets rid of waste using landfill sites.\n\nIf you get rid of waste at sites not authorised for landfill, you\u2019ll be charged Landfill Tax. You may also have to pay a penalty or be taken to court.\n\n## Landfill operators - what you must do\n\nYou need to:\n\n- get a permit\n\n- register within 30 days of setting up - if you do not you can be fined\n\n## What to pay\n\nThe tax is charged by weight. There are 2 rates. You pay the lower rate on \u2018inactive waste\u2019 - for example rocks or soil.\n\n| Rate | Amount you pay |\n\n| Lower rate | \u00a33.10 per tonne |\n\n| Standard rate | \u00a396.70 per tonne |\n\n## Loss on Ignition (LOI) testing regime\n\nIf your landfill site accepts waste fines, you may need to carry out a loss on ignition test to help determine the rate of tax to pay.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not have to pay Landfill Tax on:\n\n- dredging activities\n\n- quarrying and mining\n\n- pet cemeteries\n\n- inactive waste used for filling quarries\n\nYou can get tax credits if you send waste from landfill to be recycled, incinerated or reused.\n\n## Aggregates Levy\n\nThis is a tax on sand, gravel and rock that\u2019s either been:\n\n- dug from the ground\n\n- dredged from the sea in UK waters\n\n- imported\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou must register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your business exploits aggregate in the UK, for example if you\u2019re a quarry operator.\n\nEvery quarter, you must tell HMRC how much aggregate you\u2019ve produced or sold.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nYou pay tax of \u00a32 per tonne of sand, gravel or rock. You pay less on smaller amounts, for example \u00a31 on half a tonne. You still pay tax if you import the materials.\n\n## Reliefs\n\nYou can get tax relief if you export aggregates or use them in some industrial or agricultural processes. If you do not use the material as aggregate it may be eligible for relief.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nCertain materials are excluded from the tax, for example soil, vegetable or other organic matter.\n\n## If you need more help\n\nThere\u2019s more detailed guidance on Aggregates Levy or you can contact the helpline.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-taxes-and-reliefs", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a poultry farm in Telford, and I am consistently getting rid of the non-animal waste involved in maintenance and upkeep.", + "original_question": "Do I have to pay tax as well as our normal landfill fees?" + }, + { + "id": "train-280", + "question": "Scenario: My parents moved to France in 1990, before I was born. I grow up in France and I have British passport. My 18th birthday is next month and I would like to vote during the next elections because I'm thinking about moving to my grandparents house next year.\n\nQuestion: Can I receive my paperwork at my grandparents house even if I never lived there?\n\nDocument - Types of election, referendums, and who can vote:\n## General election\n\nGeneral elections (elections to the UK Parliament) usually take place every 5 years.\n\nTo vote in a general election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish or qualifying Commonwealth citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in the UK (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nThere are 650 Members of Parliament (MPs) in the UK Parliament.\n\nMPs are elected using the First Past the Post system. You vote once for a candidate in your constituency and the candidate with the most votes becomes your MP.\n\nYou can find your local MP.\n\nRead more about general elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Local government\n\nLocal government elections take place at least every 4 years. Not all local government elections take place at the same time.\n\nYour local government will do one of the following:\n\n- elect all the local councillors every 4 years\n\n- elect half the local councillors every 2 years\n\n- elect one third of the local councillors every year for 3 years and hold no elections in the 4th year\n\nTo vote in a local government election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019) (16 or over in Scotland)\n\n- be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou must also be one of the following:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- an Irish or EU citizen\n\n- a qualifying Commonwealth citizen\n\n- a citizen of another country living in Scotland or Wales who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission\n\nLocal government councillors in England and Wales are elected using the First Past the Post system. You vote for one candidate in your local area and the candidate with the most votes wins.\n\nIn Scotland and Northern Ireland, councillors are elected using the Single Transferable Vote system. You rank the candidates in order of preference.\n\n## When you can vote in more than one local election\n\nIf you live in 2 different local authority areas (for example because you\u2019re a student), you may be able to vote in both areas.\n\nYou must register to vote in both areas. The local Electoral Registration Offices will check each application and tell you if you can register in both areas.\n\nRead more about local government elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Scottish Parliament\n\nThere are 129 Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs).\n\nTo vote in Scottish Parliament elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote at an address in Scotland\n\n- be 16 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou must also be one of the following:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- an Irish citizen\n\n- a citizen of another country living in Scotland who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission\n\nMSPs are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency MSP and once for an MSP to represent the wider region.\n\nRead more about the Scottish Parliament elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Northern Ireland Assembly\n\nThere are 90 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) in the Northern Ireland Assembly.\n\nTo vote in Northern Ireland Assembly elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nMLAs are elected by the Single Transferable Vote system.\n\nRead more about the Northern Ireland Assembly elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Welsh Parliament\n\nThere are 60 Members of the Senedd Cymru: Welsh Parliament (MSs).\n\nTo vote in Welsh Parliament elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 16 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- live in Wales\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nMSs are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency MS and once for an MS to represent the wider region.\n\nRead more about the Welsh Parliament on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Local mayors, Mayor of London and London Assembly\n\n## Elected local mayors\n\nIn some areas of England voters elect a mayor.\n\nCheck if your mayor is elected on your local council website.\n\nMayors are elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, then your second choice is counted.\n\nTo vote for a local mayor, you must be eligible to vote in local elections.\n\n## Mayor of London and London Assembly\n\nThe Mayor of London makes decisions on behalf of the people of London. The 25 London Assembly Members make sure the Mayor\u2019s decisions are in the interests of the public.\n\nTo vote in the London Mayor and London Assembly elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in Greater London\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nThe Mayor of London is elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, your second choice is counted.\n\nLondon Assembly members are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency member and once for a London-wide representative.\n\nThere are 14 constituency members and 11 London-wide members.\n\nRead more about the Mayor of London and London Assembly elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Police and Crime Commissioner\n\nThere are 41 Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) in England and Wales who are elected to make sure the police are run properly. There is no elected PCC for London.\n\nTo vote in a PCC election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in England or Wales (excluding London)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nPCCs are elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, your second choice is counted.\n\nRead more about Police and Crime Commissioner elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Referendums\n\nA referendum is a vote on a single issue.\n\nEach referendum has different rules on who can vote in it.\n\nTo vote in a referendum you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the referendum (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish or Commonwealth citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in the UK or Gibraltar (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou make one choice between 2 options. Votes are counted for the whole of the UK, not by constituency.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/elections-in-the-uk", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My parents moved to France in 1990, before I was born. I grow up in France and I have British passport. My 18th birthday is next month and I would like to vote during the next elections because I'm thinking about moving to my grandparents house next year.", + "original_question": "Can I receive my paperwork at my grandparents house even if I never lived there?" + }, + { + "id": "train-281", + "question": "Scenario: I live in London and I'm not happy about how the council is managing the rubbish collection around my area. I think that the Mayor of London should do something about this, I'm more than happy to vote for another one at the next elections. I'm a German national.\n\nQuestion: Can I vote in the next mayoral election?\n\nDocument - Types of election, referendums, and who can vote:\n## General election\n\nGeneral elections (elections to the UK Parliament) usually take place every 5 years.\n\nTo vote in a general election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish or qualifying Commonwealth citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in the UK (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nThere are 650 Members of Parliament (MPs) in the UK Parliament.\n\nMPs are elected using the First Past the Post system. You vote once for a candidate in your constituency and the candidate with the most votes becomes your MP.\n\nYou can find your local MP.\n\nRead more about general elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Local government\n\nLocal government elections take place at least every 4 years. Not all local government elections take place at the same time.\n\nYour local government will do one of the following:\n\n- elect all the local councillors every 4 years\n\n- elect half the local councillors every 2 years\n\n- elect one third of the local councillors every year for 3 years and hold no elections in the 4th year\n\nTo vote in a local government election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019) (16 or over in Scotland)\n\n- be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou must also be one of the following:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- an Irish or EU citizen\n\n- a qualifying Commonwealth citizen\n\n- a citizen of another country living in Scotland or Wales who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission\n\nLocal government councillors in England and Wales are elected using the First Past the Post system. You vote for one candidate in your local area and the candidate with the most votes wins.\n\nIn Scotland and Northern Ireland, councillors are elected using the Single Transferable Vote system. You rank the candidates in order of preference.\n\n## When you can vote in more than one local election\n\nIf you live in 2 different local authority areas (for example because you\u2019re a student), you may be able to vote in both areas.\n\nYou must register to vote in both areas. The local Electoral Registration Offices will check each application and tell you if you can register in both areas.\n\nRead more about local government elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Scottish Parliament\n\nThere are 129 Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs).\n\nTo vote in Scottish Parliament elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote at an address in Scotland\n\n- be 16 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou must also be one of the following:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- an Irish citizen\n\n- a citizen of another country living in Scotland who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission\n\nMSPs are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency MSP and once for an MSP to represent the wider region.\n\nRead more about the Scottish Parliament elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Northern Ireland Assembly\n\nThere are 90 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) in the Northern Ireland Assembly.\n\nTo vote in Northern Ireland Assembly elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nMLAs are elected by the Single Transferable Vote system.\n\nRead more about the Northern Ireland Assembly elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Welsh Parliament\n\nThere are 60 Members of the Senedd Cymru: Welsh Parliament (MSs).\n\nTo vote in Welsh Parliament elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 16 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- live in Wales\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nMSs are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency MS and once for an MS to represent the wider region.\n\nRead more about the Welsh Parliament on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Local mayors, Mayor of London and London Assembly\n\n## Elected local mayors\n\nIn some areas of England voters elect a mayor.\n\nCheck if your mayor is elected on your local council website.\n\nMayors are elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, then your second choice is counted.\n\nTo vote for a local mayor, you must be eligible to vote in local elections.\n\n## Mayor of London and London Assembly\n\nThe Mayor of London makes decisions on behalf of the people of London. The 25 London Assembly Members make sure the Mayor\u2019s decisions are in the interests of the public.\n\nTo vote in the London Mayor and London Assembly elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in Greater London\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nThe Mayor of London is elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, your second choice is counted.\n\nLondon Assembly members are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency member and once for a London-wide representative.\n\nThere are 14 constituency members and 11 London-wide members.\n\nRead more about the Mayor of London and London Assembly elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Police and Crime Commissioner\n\nThere are 41 Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) in England and Wales who are elected to make sure the police are run properly. There is no elected PCC for London.\n\nTo vote in a PCC election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in England or Wales (excluding London)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nPCCs are elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, your second choice is counted.\n\nRead more about Police and Crime Commissioner elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Referendums\n\nA referendum is a vote on a single issue.\n\nEach referendum has different rules on who can vote in it.\n\nTo vote in a referendum you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the referendum (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish or Commonwealth citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in the UK or Gibraltar (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou make one choice between 2 options. Votes are counted for the whole of the UK, not by constituency.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/elections-in-the-uk", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in London and I'm not happy about how the council is managing the rubbish collection around my area. I think that the Mayor of London should do something about this, I'm more than happy to vote for another one at the next elections. I'm a German national.", + "original_question": "Can I vote in the next mayoral election?" + }, + { + "id": "train-286", + "question": "Scenario: I am a single parent with two children under the age of ten. I work full time but only earn minimum wage. I do not get any sort of support from the father of my children. I do not have any family members who can help me with childcare. I have no savings and indeed am in a small amount of debt.\n\nQuestion: Am I entitled to tax credits?\n\nDocument - How to claim tax credits:\n## How to claim\n\nTax credits have been replaced by Universal Credit.\n\nYou can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit or Working Tax Credit if you already get tax credits. You\u2019ll need to update your existing tax credit claim by\u00a0reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.\n\nIf you cannot apply for tax credits, you can apply for Universal Credit instead.\n\nYou might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.\n\n## When to claim\n\nApply as soon as you know you\u2019re eligible so you get all the money you\u2019re entitled to.\n\nYou can claim tax credits at any time of year.\n\n## If you know your income will go down\n\nApply straight away if you know your income will drop to a level that means you\u2019ll be eligible for tax credits.\n\nFor example, you could make a claim now if you found out your income is going to drop in 6 months\u2019 time.\n\nThe income levels for Working Tax Credit and Child Tax Credit are different.\n\nUsually, tax credits are backdated by up to 31 days from the start of your claim.\n\n## Joint claims\n\nYou can apply for tax credits as a single person, or as a couple (known as a \u2018joint claim\u2019) if you\u2019re both 16 or over and living in the UK.\n\nUsually, you must make a joint claim if:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership (and not permanently or legally separated)\n\n- you live with your partner as though you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re temporarily living away from one another, for example looking after a relative or working away from home\n\n- your partner is working abroad for the government\n\nYou might also need to make a joint claim if you and your partner are not married or in a civil partnership, but:\n\n- sometimes live in the same house\n\n- have a joint financial agreement\n\n- have dependent children\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou do not always make a joint claim because you have a partner. For example, make a single claim if:\n\n- you live in the UK but your partner lives abroad (unless your partner works for the government)\n\n- you both live abroad, you\u2019re from the EEA or Switzerland and you work in the UK but your partner does not\n\n## If you\u2019re not sure\n\nCall HM Revenue and Customs to find out if you should make a joint claim.\n\nYou must pay back any tax credits you\u2019re not entitled to if you do not make the right sort of application.\n\n## Backdate a claim\n\nWhen you make a claim, your tax credits are usually backdated automatically by up to 31 days. You do not have to do anything.\n\n## If you\u2019re claiming other benefits\n\nYou have to ask for your tax credits to be backdated if you get:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-based)\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)\n\n- Pension Credit\n\nYou might not get the full backdated claim if you stopped getting one of these benefits in the last 31 days and you\u2019re claiming both Child Tax Credit and Working Tax Credit.\n\n## Backdating by more than 31 days\n\nTax credit claims can sometimes be backdated by more than 31 days if you:\n\n- apply within a month of getting refugee status\n\n- apply within 31 days of qualifying for certain sickness or disability benefits, such as Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment\n\nDo not apply to backdate these claims until you\u2019ve been given a decision on your refugee status or disability benefits.\n\nYou should still apply for other tax credits if you already qualify for them, for example if you have children.\n\n## How to backdate a claim\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming over the phone, call HM Revenue and Customs to ask them to backdate your claim.\n\nIf you\u2019re using claim form, include a page confirming:\n\n- your name, address and National Insurance number\n\n- the date you started work\n\n- the date you started getting one of the benefits listed, if you\u2019re not in work\n\n- the date you got a decision on your refugee status or disability benefits - if you\u2019re applying to backdate by more than 31 days\n\n## What counts as income\n\nUsually, what you\u2019re entitled to is based on your income for the last tax year (6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021).\n\nIncome includes:\n\n- money from employment before tax and National Insurance, including if you cannot work but you\u2019re still getting paid (\u2018on furlough\u2019) - check your P60s, P45s or payslips\n\n- earnings if you\u2019re self-employed before tax and National Insurance, including grants from the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme - check your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- money from some coronavirus (COVID-19) payments\n\n- benefits from your employer (check your P11D)\n\n- certain state benefits\n\n- money from a pension - including your State Pension\n\n- interest on savings\n\n- your partner\u2019s income - if you make a joint claim\n\n- UK company dividends\n\n- profit from a property you own or rent out in the UK\n\n- earnings from the Rent a Room Scheme above \u00a37,500 (or \u00a33,750 if you\u2019re a joint owner)\n\n- payment above \u00a330,000 because your job ended\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has detailed guidance if you need help working out your income.\n\n## Benefits\n\nIncome includes money from UK state benefits (or their foreign equivalents) except income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) or \u2018tax-free\u2019 benefits. Tax-free benefits include:\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n- Personal Independence Payment\n\n- the foreign equivalents of UK tax-free benefits\n\nTo support your claim, keep records of your income, bills, payslips, benefits, tax credits, childcare and child\u2019s education for the current tax year and at least 2 years before that.\n\n## Work out your hours\n\nPut the number of hours you work in a normal week on your claim form.\n\nAdd all your hours together if you have more than one job.\n\nIf you\u2019ve just started work put the hours you expect to work.\n\n| Type of work | How to work out your hours |\n\n| Employed | Include overtime, but not unpaid breaks |\n\n| Self-employed | Include all the time you spend on your business (once you\u2019ve set it up) |\n\n| Seasonal | Put the hours you\u2019re working at the moment |\n\n| Regular term-time | Put the hours you work during term time |\n\n| Agency | Decide your normal hours with your employer |\n\n| On-call | Only count the hours you\u2019re called to work |\n\n| On standby | Do not count the time when you\u2019re not paid |", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-tax-credits", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a single parent with two children under the age of ten. I work full time but only earn minimum wage. I do not get any sort of support from the father of my children. I do not have any family members who can help me with childcare. I have no savings and indeed am in a small amount of debt.", + "original_question": "Am I entitled to tax credits?" + }, + { + "id": "train-287", + "question": "Scenario: I am a married parent of three children. I work part time and my husband has a low paying full time job. I have recently learned that we might have been eligible for tax credits for the past two or three years but we did not know this.\n\nQuestion: Can we put in a backdated claim for tax credits and if so how do we go about it?\n\nDocument - How to claim tax credits:\n## How to claim\n\nTax credits have been replaced by Universal Credit.\n\nYou can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit or Working Tax Credit if you already get tax credits. You\u2019ll need to update your existing tax credit claim by\u00a0reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.\n\nIf you cannot apply for tax credits, you can apply for Universal Credit instead.\n\nYou might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.\n\n## When to claim\n\nApply as soon as you know you\u2019re eligible so you get all the money you\u2019re entitled to.\n\nYou can claim tax credits at any time of year.\n\n## If you know your income will go down\n\nApply straight away if you know your income will drop to a level that means you\u2019ll be eligible for tax credits.\n\nFor example, you could make a claim now if you found out your income is going to drop in 6 months\u2019 time.\n\nThe income levels for Working Tax Credit and Child Tax Credit are different.\n\nUsually, tax credits are backdated by up to 31 days from the start of your claim.\n\n## Joint claims\n\nYou can apply for tax credits as a single person, or as a couple (known as a \u2018joint claim\u2019) if you\u2019re both 16 or over and living in the UK.\n\nUsually, you must make a joint claim if:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership (and not permanently or legally separated)\n\n- you live with your partner as though you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re temporarily living away from one another, for example looking after a relative or working away from home\n\n- your partner is working abroad for the government\n\nYou might also need to make a joint claim if you and your partner are not married or in a civil partnership, but:\n\n- sometimes live in the same house\n\n- have a joint financial agreement\n\n- have dependent children\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou do not always make a joint claim because you have a partner. For example, make a single claim if:\n\n- you live in the UK but your partner lives abroad (unless your partner works for the government)\n\n- you both live abroad, you\u2019re from the EEA or Switzerland and you work in the UK but your partner does not\n\n## If you\u2019re not sure\n\nCall HM Revenue and Customs to find out if you should make a joint claim.\n\nYou must pay back any tax credits you\u2019re not entitled to if you do not make the right sort of application.\n\n## Backdate a claim\n\nWhen you make a claim, your tax credits are usually backdated automatically by up to 31 days. You do not have to do anything.\n\n## If you\u2019re claiming other benefits\n\nYou have to ask for your tax credits to be backdated if you get:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-based)\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)\n\n- Pension Credit\n\nYou might not get the full backdated claim if you stopped getting one of these benefits in the last 31 days and you\u2019re claiming both Child Tax Credit and Working Tax Credit.\n\n## Backdating by more than 31 days\n\nTax credit claims can sometimes be backdated by more than 31 days if you:\n\n- apply within a month of getting refugee status\n\n- apply within 31 days of qualifying for certain sickness or disability benefits, such as Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment\n\nDo not apply to backdate these claims until you\u2019ve been given a decision on your refugee status or disability benefits.\n\nYou should still apply for other tax credits if you already qualify for them, for example if you have children.\n\n## How to backdate a claim\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming over the phone, call HM Revenue and Customs to ask them to backdate your claim.\n\nIf you\u2019re using claim form, include a page confirming:\n\n- your name, address and National Insurance number\n\n- the date you started work\n\n- the date you started getting one of the benefits listed, if you\u2019re not in work\n\n- the date you got a decision on your refugee status or disability benefits - if you\u2019re applying to backdate by more than 31 days\n\n## What counts as income\n\nUsually, what you\u2019re entitled to is based on your income for the last tax year (6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021).\n\nIncome includes:\n\n- money from employment before tax and National Insurance, including if you cannot work but you\u2019re still getting paid (\u2018on furlough\u2019) - check your P60s, P45s or payslips\n\n- earnings if you\u2019re self-employed before tax and National Insurance, including grants from the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme - check your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- money from some coronavirus (COVID-19) payments\n\n- benefits from your employer (check your P11D)\n\n- certain state benefits\n\n- money from a pension - including your State Pension\n\n- interest on savings\n\n- your partner\u2019s income - if you make a joint claim\n\n- UK company dividends\n\n- profit from a property you own or rent out in the UK\n\n- earnings from the Rent a Room Scheme above \u00a37,500 (or \u00a33,750 if you\u2019re a joint owner)\n\n- payment above \u00a330,000 because your job ended\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has detailed guidance if you need help working out your income.\n\n## Benefits\n\nIncome includes money from UK state benefits (or their foreign equivalents) except income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) or \u2018tax-free\u2019 benefits. Tax-free benefits include:\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n- Personal Independence Payment\n\n- the foreign equivalents of UK tax-free benefits\n\nTo support your claim, keep records of your income, bills, payslips, benefits, tax credits, childcare and child\u2019s education for the current tax year and at least 2 years before that.\n\n## Work out your hours\n\nPut the number of hours you work in a normal week on your claim form.\n\nAdd all your hours together if you have more than one job.\n\nIf you\u2019ve just started work put the hours you expect to work.\n\n| Type of work | How to work out your hours |\n\n| Employed | Include overtime, but not unpaid breaks |\n\n| Self-employed | Include all the time you spend on your business (once you\u2019ve set it up) |\n\n| Seasonal | Put the hours you\u2019re working at the moment |\n\n| Regular term-time | Put the hours you work during term time |\n\n| Agency | Decide your normal hours with your employer |\n\n| On-call | Only count the hours you\u2019re called to work |\n\n| On standby | Do not count the time when you\u2019re not paid |", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-tax-credits", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a married parent of three children. I work part time and my husband has a low paying full time job. I have recently learned that we might have been eligible for tax credits for the past two or three years but we did not know this.", + "original_question": "Can we put in a backdated claim for tax credits and if so how do we go about it?" + }, + { + "id": "train-290", + "question": "Scenario: We are a IT company and recently we are investing on the Artificial Intelligence. There is a patent registered on Machine learning that we are interested in buying and seller is happy to sell it.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible to buy a patent when someone sells it ?\n\nDocument - Using somebody else's intellectual property:\n## Overview\n\nYou can usually get permission to use someone else\u2019s intellectual property (IP) by buying the rights from them or getting their permission to use it.\n\nUsing someone\u2019s trade mark, patent, copyright or design without their permission is known as \u2018IP infringement\u2019 and could lead to a fine, prison or both.\n\nRead about IP crime and enforcement for more information on the penalties.\n\n## Trade marks\n\nTo use an existing trade mark you should contact the current owner.\n\nFind the owner of a registered trade mark by searching the trade marks database.\n\n## Licensing\n\nA licence is a formal agreement to use someone else\u2019s trade mark. You and the owner must agree the terms of the licence, for example the cost or how long it will last.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve agreed a licence to use the trade mark, fill in the form to record a licensee and post it. The address is on the form.\n\nPost an application to remove or amend the record of a licence when the licensing agreement ends or if you need to change it.\n\nThe owner must sign any form you send, or you must send proof of the agreement with your application.\n\nEach application costs \u00a350.\n\n## Buying\n\nYou must tell IPO if you become the new owner of a trade mark, for example by buying it or as the result of a company merger.\n\nIn some cases the owner may only sell you one part of a trade mark, for example they may not sell the right to register derivative marks. This is known as a \u2018partial assignment\u2019.\n\nUse either:\n\n- \u2018Application to record a change of ownership\u2019 form\n\n- \u2018Application to record a partial assignment of goods and/or services\u2019 form\n\nEach application costs \u00a350.\n\nFill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.\n\n## Coexistence agreements\n\nYou may be able to use an identical trade mark (for example company name, logo) as someone else by making a coexistence agreement.\n\nThis means you agree that both of you can continue to use the trade mark.\n\n## Patents\n\nContact the owner of the patent to see if they\u2019ll:\n\n- license it to you\n\n- sell it to you\n\nSearch the patent databases to find the current owner.\n\n## Licensing\n\nAny licence arrangement, including cost, is made directly between you and the patent owner.\n\nYou can ask Intellectual Property Office (IPO) for help to resolve patent disputes if you can\u2019t reach an agreement.\n\nIPO can\u2019t decide the exact terms of the licence (for example the price) but can decide:\n\n- what can and can\u2019t be part of a licence\n\n- if the patent owner must grant you a licence (known as a \u2018compulsory licence under a patent\u2019)\n\n## Licence of right\n\nA patent with \u2018licence of right\u2019, means that the patent owners will give anyone a licence to use it.\n\nYou must still agree with the owner on the terms of the licence before you can use the patent.\n\nYou can ask IPO for help if you can\u2019t reach agreement.\n\n## Registering your licence\n\nRegister a licence agreement (or changes to an existing licence, for example cancellation) by filling in Patents form 21. Send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.\n\n## Buying a patent\n\nWhen someone sells you a patent they must transfer ownership to you.\n\nYou need a written document to record the transfer. This is known as an \u2018assignment\u2019 and must be signed by the person selling the patent.\n\nA solicitor can help you draw up this document.\n\nFill in Patents form 21 and return it to the address on the form. Include a copy of your assignment.\n\nYou can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.\n\n## Copyright\n\nYou can\u2019t copy or use copyright material without permission. For example, you can\u2019t buy a painting and then use copies of it for a book cover, or buy a CD and use a track from it in a film.\n\nTo use something protected by copyright you must either:\n\n- agree a licence with the owner to use it\n\n- buy or acquire the copyright\n\n- confirm that your intended use falls within the exceptions to copyright\n\n## Finding a copyright owner\n\nA person can give permission if they are:\n\n- the person who made it (the creator), or their family or heirs\n\n- the creator\u2019s employer, if it was created it as part of the creator\u2019s job\n\n- a person who bought, acquired or licensed the rights\n\n- an organisation representing the copyright owner\n\nYou may be able to find out who owns copyright from Writers, Artists and their copyright holders (WATCH).\n\nIf you can\u2019t find out who the copyright owner is check if you need a licence to use the work.\n\n## Licensing\n\nYou must agree the terms of an agreement with the current owner to use all or part of copyright works.\n\nThe licence agreement may allow you to use it for one or more specified purposes and may apply only for a limited time or in specific places.\n\n## Exclusive use\n\nYou\u2019ll be the only person able to use something for the duration of the agreement.\n\nThis includes the copyright owner, who won\u2019t be able to use it themselves while the agreement is in place.\n\n## Limited use\n\nYou\u2019ll only be given permission to use something for one or more specific reasons, for example publishing a photograph in one edition of a magazine or using a song as the theme for one series of a TV show.\n\nYou need to agree another licence if you want to use the material for something else.\n\n## Creative Commons licence\n\nSome copyright owners release work under a Creative Commons licence.\n\nYou must check what kind of use the licence allows.\n\n## Buying copyright\n\nWhen you buy copyright the person you\u2019re buying from transfers the copyright to you.\n\nOnce you own the copyright to something you can use it for anything you like, without the creator\u2019s express permission, as long as you respect their moral rights.\n\nYou must have a written agreement, signed by the copyright owner, stating that they have transferred ownership of the copyright to you.\n\n## Moral rights\n\nThe creator may still have certain rights regarding how their work is used even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.\n\nAuthors, playwrights, composers, artists and film directors have the moral right:\n\n- to be recognised as the creator of the work when copies are made available to the public\n\n- to object to the work being altered in a way that has negative effect on their reputation\n\n- to not have someone else\u2019s work falsely attributed to them\n\nPerformers, such as actors or dancers, have the moral right:\n\n- to be recognised as the performer of the piece\n\n- to object to the performance being altered in a way that is damaging to their reputation\n\nThe creator or performer of a piece of work to which you own the copyright must tell you if they want to exercise these rights.\n\nThey can choose whether or not to use their moral rights.\n\nMoral rights can\u2019t be sold or transferred in the same way as copyright. They last for as long as the piece of work is covered by copyright.\n\n## Performers\u2019 rights\n\nPerformers, for example in films or broadcasts, may still have \u2018economic rights\u2019 to some copyright material, even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.\n\nFor example, if you\u2019ve bought the copyright to a filmed recording of a play you may still have to pay the actors if you broadcast it.\n\n## Permitted use of copyright works\n\nYou may not need permission if you\u2019re using a copyright work for the following reasons:\n\n- non-commercial research and private study\n\n- criticism, review and reporting current events\n\n- teaching in educational establishments\n\n- helping disabled people\n\n- recording for use at a later date\n\nYou may not need permission if you only want to use a \u2018less than a substantial\u2019 part of a copyright protected work. This is decided on a case by case basis.\n\nGenerally something won\u2019t be less than a substantial part if it could be seen as an important part of the work, for example a frame from a film or the conclusions of a report.\n\nGet legal advice from an intellectual property professional before using copyrighted material, if you\u2019re in any doubt.\n\nRead the guidance on exceptions to copyright for detailed information.\n\n## Designs\n\nTo use a registered design you must contact the current owner and either agree a licence to use the design or buy it from them.\n\nThe licence between you and the design\u2019s owner will tell you:\n\n- what you can do with the design\n\n- how long your licence will last\n\n- what you have to pay - if anything\n\nYou can do anything with a design that you\u2019ve bought.\n\nFill in and send form DF12A to register a licence or transfer ownership of the design - the address is on the form.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are a IT company and recently we are investing on the Artificial Intelligence. There is a patent registered on Machine learning that we are interested in buying and seller is happy to sell it.", + "original_question": "Is it possible to buy a patent when someone sells it ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-291", + "question": "Scenario: We as an organisation are planning to buy a copyright of a design work. This work was created by a person who works for a company. The person created the design work as part of his job\n\nQuestion: Can the creator's employer can give us permission to use?\n\nDocument - Using somebody else's intellectual property:\n## Overview\n\nYou can usually get permission to use someone else\u2019s intellectual property (IP) by buying the rights from them or getting their permission to use it.\n\nUsing someone\u2019s trade mark, patent, copyright or design without their permission is known as \u2018IP infringement\u2019 and could lead to a fine, prison or both.\n\nRead about IP crime and enforcement for more information on the penalties.\n\n## Trade marks\n\nTo use an existing trade mark you should contact the current owner.\n\nFind the owner of a registered trade mark by searching the trade marks database.\n\n## Licensing\n\nA licence is a formal agreement to use someone else\u2019s trade mark. You and the owner must agree the terms of the licence, for example the cost or how long it will last.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve agreed a licence to use the trade mark, fill in the form to record a licensee and post it. The address is on the form.\n\nPost an application to remove or amend the record of a licence when the licensing agreement ends or if you need to change it.\n\nThe owner must sign any form you send, or you must send proof of the agreement with your application.\n\nEach application costs \u00a350.\n\n## Buying\n\nYou must tell IPO if you become the new owner of a trade mark, for example by buying it or as the result of a company merger.\n\nIn some cases the owner may only sell you one part of a trade mark, for example they may not sell the right to register derivative marks. This is known as a \u2018partial assignment\u2019.\n\nUse either:\n\n- \u2018Application to record a change of ownership\u2019 form\n\n- \u2018Application to record a partial assignment of goods and/or services\u2019 form\n\nEach application costs \u00a350.\n\nFill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.\n\n## Coexistence agreements\n\nYou may be able to use an identical trade mark (for example company name, logo) as someone else by making a coexistence agreement.\n\nThis means you agree that both of you can continue to use the trade mark.\n\n## Patents\n\nContact the owner of the patent to see if they\u2019ll:\n\n- license it to you\n\n- sell it to you\n\nSearch the patent databases to find the current owner.\n\n## Licensing\n\nAny licence arrangement, including cost, is made directly between you and the patent owner.\n\nYou can ask Intellectual Property Office (IPO) for help to resolve patent disputes if you can\u2019t reach an agreement.\n\nIPO can\u2019t decide the exact terms of the licence (for example the price) but can decide:\n\n- what can and can\u2019t be part of a licence\n\n- if the patent owner must grant you a licence (known as a \u2018compulsory licence under a patent\u2019)\n\n## Licence of right\n\nA patent with \u2018licence of right\u2019, means that the patent owners will give anyone a licence to use it.\n\nYou must still agree with the owner on the terms of the licence before you can use the patent.\n\nYou can ask IPO for help if you can\u2019t reach agreement.\n\n## Registering your licence\n\nRegister a licence agreement (or changes to an existing licence, for example cancellation) by filling in Patents form 21. Send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.\n\n## Buying a patent\n\nWhen someone sells you a patent they must transfer ownership to you.\n\nYou need a written document to record the transfer. This is known as an \u2018assignment\u2019 and must be signed by the person selling the patent.\n\nA solicitor can help you draw up this document.\n\nFill in Patents form 21 and return it to the address on the form. Include a copy of your assignment.\n\nYou can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.\n\n## Copyright\n\nYou can\u2019t copy or use copyright material without permission. For example, you can\u2019t buy a painting and then use copies of it for a book cover, or buy a CD and use a track from it in a film.\n\nTo use something protected by copyright you must either:\n\n- agree a licence with the owner to use it\n\n- buy or acquire the copyright\n\n- confirm that your intended use falls within the exceptions to copyright\n\n## Finding a copyright owner\n\nA person can give permission if they are:\n\n- the person who made it (the creator), or their family or heirs\n\n- the creator\u2019s employer, if it was created it as part of the creator\u2019s job\n\n- a person who bought, acquired or licensed the rights\n\n- an organisation representing the copyright owner\n\nYou may be able to find out who owns copyright from Writers, Artists and their copyright holders (WATCH).\n\nIf you can\u2019t find out who the copyright owner is check if you need a licence to use the work.\n\n## Licensing\n\nYou must agree the terms of an agreement with the current owner to use all or part of copyright works.\n\nThe licence agreement may allow you to use it for one or more specified purposes and may apply only for a limited time or in specific places.\n\n## Exclusive use\n\nYou\u2019ll be the only person able to use something for the duration of the agreement.\n\nThis includes the copyright owner, who won\u2019t be able to use it themselves while the agreement is in place.\n\n## Limited use\n\nYou\u2019ll only be given permission to use something for one or more specific reasons, for example publishing a photograph in one edition of a magazine or using a song as the theme for one series of a TV show.\n\nYou need to agree another licence if you want to use the material for something else.\n\n## Creative Commons licence\n\nSome copyright owners release work under a Creative Commons licence.\n\nYou must check what kind of use the licence allows.\n\n## Buying copyright\n\nWhen you buy copyright the person you\u2019re buying from transfers the copyright to you.\n\nOnce you own the copyright to something you can use it for anything you like, without the creator\u2019s express permission, as long as you respect their moral rights.\n\nYou must have a written agreement, signed by the copyright owner, stating that they have transferred ownership of the copyright to you.\n\n## Moral rights\n\nThe creator may still have certain rights regarding how their work is used even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.\n\nAuthors, playwrights, composers, artists and film directors have the moral right:\n\n- to be recognised as the creator of the work when copies are made available to the public\n\n- to object to the work being altered in a way that has negative effect on their reputation\n\n- to not have someone else\u2019s work falsely attributed to them\n\nPerformers, such as actors or dancers, have the moral right:\n\n- to be recognised as the performer of the piece\n\n- to object to the performance being altered in a way that is damaging to their reputation\n\nThe creator or performer of a piece of work to which you own the copyright must tell you if they want to exercise these rights.\n\nThey can choose whether or not to use their moral rights.\n\nMoral rights can\u2019t be sold or transferred in the same way as copyright. They last for as long as the piece of work is covered by copyright.\n\n## Performers\u2019 rights\n\nPerformers, for example in films or broadcasts, may still have \u2018economic rights\u2019 to some copyright material, even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.\n\nFor example, if you\u2019ve bought the copyright to a filmed recording of a play you may still have to pay the actors if you broadcast it.\n\n## Permitted use of copyright works\n\nYou may not need permission if you\u2019re using a copyright work for the following reasons:\n\n- non-commercial research and private study\n\n- criticism, review and reporting current events\n\n- teaching in educational establishments\n\n- helping disabled people\n\n- recording for use at a later date\n\nYou may not need permission if you only want to use a \u2018less than a substantial\u2019 part of a copyright protected work. This is decided on a case by case basis.\n\nGenerally something won\u2019t be less than a substantial part if it could be seen as an important part of the work, for example a frame from a film or the conclusions of a report.\n\nGet legal advice from an intellectual property professional before using copyrighted material, if you\u2019re in any doubt.\n\nRead the guidance on exceptions to copyright for detailed information.\n\n## Designs\n\nTo use a registered design you must contact the current owner and either agree a licence to use the design or buy it from them.\n\nThe licence between you and the design\u2019s owner will tell you:\n\n- what you can do with the design\n\n- how long your licence will last\n\n- what you have to pay - if anything\n\nYou can do anything with a design that you\u2019ve bought.\n\nFill in and send form DF12A to register a licence or transfer ownership of the design - the address is on the form.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We as an organisation are planning to buy a copyright of a design work. This work was created by a person who works for a company. The person created the design work as part of his job", + "original_question": "Can the creator's employer can give us permission to use?" + }, + { + "id": "train-292", + "question": "Scenario: I am only seventeen but will be eighteen by the time of the next election (both general and local) and would like to be able to vote for the first time but I do not know how to go about this.\n\nQuestion: Will I be automatically added to the electoral roll when I turn eighteen?\n\nDocument - How to vote:\n## Overview\n\nYou need to be registered to vote before you can vote in UK elections or referendums.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, you can vote in person on the day of the election at a named polling station. You can also apply for a postal or proxy vote instead.\n\nFind out about voting safely during coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## Ways of voting\n\nYou can vote:\n\n- in person at a polling station\n\n- by post\n\n- by asking someone else to vote for you (voting by proxy)\n\nYou cannot vote online in any elections.\n\n## Eligibility to vote\n\nYou can vote when you\u2019re:\n\n- 18 years old in England and Northern Ireland\n\n- 16 years old in Scottish Parliament and local elections (and other elections when you\u2019re 18)\n\n- 16 years old in Welsh Parliament elections (and other elections when you\u2019re 18)\n\n## Elections you can vote in\n\nDifferent elections have different rules on who can vote.\n\n## Voting and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nElections and referendums are going ahead during coronavirus (COVID-19), though you may see changes to some processes. You can still vote in person at a polling station.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-isolating, clinically extremely vulnerable, or do not want to go to the polling station, you can vote by post or vote by proxy.\n\nYou may also be able to get an emergency proxy vote at short notice if you need to self-isolate shortly before or on election day.\n\n## At the polling station\n\nBecause of COVID-19, there will be safety measures in place at polling stations to help you vote safely (for example, a one-way system or restrictions on the number of people allowed in).\n\nIf you choose to vote in person, make sure you:\n\n- wear a face covering (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n- bring your own pen or pencil (there will be clean pencils available at the polling station if you forget to bring your own)\n\n- use the hand sanitiser provided when entering and leaving the polling station\n\n- keep to social distancing guidelines\n\n## If you have COVID-19 symptoms or have been asked to self-isolate\n\nDo not visit the polling station. Apply for an emergency proxy vote instead. Your proxy can also apply if they develop symptoms.\n\nYou can apply until 5pm on election day. There are different forms to:\n\n- apply for an emergency proxy vote in England\n\n- apply for an emergency proxy vote in Scotland\n\n- apply for an emergency proxy vote in Wales\n\n## Voting in person\n\nYou vote in person at a polling station (usually in a public building, such as a school or local hall).\n\n## Your poll card\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a poll card just before an election telling you when to vote and at which polling station. You can only vote at the polling station location on your card.\n\nIf you have not received a poll card but think you should, contact your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nYou can still vote if you\u2019ve lost your card.\n\n## When you can vote\n\nPolling stations will be open from 7am to 10pm on the day of an election (\u2018polling day\u2019).\n\n## When you get to the polling station\n\nGive your name and address to the staff inside the polling station when you arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a ballot paper containing a list of the people, parties or options you can vote for.\n\n## ID you need to bring\n\nIf you live in England, Wales or Scotland you do not need to bring any identification to vote.\n\nYou will need to show photo ID to vote in Northern Ireland (your passport, driving licence, Electoral Identity Card or certain kinds of Translink Smartpass).\n\nYou do not have to take your poll card with you.\n\n## Filling in your ballot paper\n\nFollow the instructions on the notices in the polling booth and on the top of the ballot paper to vote.\n\n## Voting if you have a disability\n\nIf you have a disability, your local Electoral Registration Office can tell you about:\n\n- physical access, for example wheelchair ramps and disabled parking spaces\n\n- low-level polling booths\n\n- equipment for voters with a visual impairment\n\nEvery polling station must provide at least one large print display version of the ballot paper and a special tactile voting device (TVD) to help people with sight loss.\n\n## Voting by post\n\nYou must apply for a postal vote if you want to vote by post, for example if:\n\n- you\u2019re away from home\n\n- you\u2019re abroad and want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales\n\nYou do not need to give a reason unless you\u2019re voting in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Apply for a postal vote\n\nYou can apply to vote by post for one of the following:\n\n- a single election on a specific date\n\n- a specific period if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- permanently\n\nArrange to vote by proxy if there are under 2 weeks until election day and you have not made arrangements.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form to apply to vote by post in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Change where your postal vote card is sent\n\nMake a new application for a postal vote if you move house or you\u2019ll be away from home when the postal vote is sent out.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form for Northern Ireland.\n\n## Completing and returning your postal vote\n\nWhen voting by post, you should:\n\n- mark your vote on your ballot paper in secret\n\n- fill in the postal voting statement\n\n- put the ballot and statement in the envelope provided\n\n- seal the envelope yourself\n\nPost your ballot back as quickly as possible to make sure it\u2019s counted.\n\n## If you\u2019re too late to post your ballot paper\n\nTake it to your local polling station by 10pm on election day, or Electoral Registration Office before they close.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, take it to your local Area Electoral Office before they close.\n\n## Replace a lost or damaged ballot paper\n\nYour ballot paper needs to clearly display your details and voting choice. If it has been damaged you need to get another one.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- ask your local Electoral Registration Office to post a replacement\n\n- collect a replacement from your local Electoral Registration Office up to 5pm on election day (or the day before in Northern Ireland)\n\nYou cannot vote at a polling station if you registered to vote by post but your ballot paper was lost or damaged.\n\n## Voting by proxy\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to vote in person you can ask someone to vote on your behalf. This is called a proxy vote.\n\nYou can only apply for a proxy vote under certain circumstances, including:\n\n- being away on polling day\n\n- having a medical issue or disability\n\n- not being able to vote in person because of work or military service\n\nYour proxy should be someone you trust to vote on your behalf. You\u2019ll need to tell them which candidate (or referendum outcome) you want to vote for.\n\n## How to apply for a proxy vote\n\nApply for a proxy vote using a paper form. You need to send it to your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nUsually, you need to apply for a proxy vote at least 6 working days before election day if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form to apply to vote by proxy in Northern Ireland. Apply at least 14 working days before election day.\n\n## Apply for an emergency proxy vote\n\nIf the proxy vote deadline has passed you may be able to apply for an emergency proxy vote if you both:\n\n- cannot vote in person because of your employment or a disability\n\n- became aware of this reason after the proxy deadline\n\nYou can apply until 5pm on the day of the election. Fill in a paper form to:\n\n- apply to vote by emergency proxy based on your employment\n\n- apply to vote by emergency proxy based on your disability\n\nAn \u2018appropriate person\u2019 (for example your employer or a doctor) must sign the application form. Send it to your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nYou can also apply for an emergency proxy vote if you or your proxy need to self-isolate because of COVID-19.\n\n## How long your proxy vote is for\n\nYou can apply to vote by proxy:\n\n- for a single election on a specific date\n\n- for a specific period if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- permanently\n\n## Who can act as a proxy\n\nYou can ask anyone to act as your proxy - as long as they:\n\n- are registered to vote\n\n- are allowed to vote in the type of election taking place\n\n- can vote in the polling station stated on your poll card\n\nIf they cannot get to your polling station, they will need to contact your local Electoral Registration Office to arrange to cast their proxy vote by post.\n\n## Change or cancel your proxy vote\n\nTo change who acts as your proxy or to start voting in person, contact your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nIf you want to vote by post instead, complete a postal vote application.\n\n## Voting from abroad\n\nHow you vote when you\u2019re abroad depends on:\n\n- whether you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily or living abroad\n\n- where you want to vote\n\n## If you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily\n\nYou can vote by post or proxy if you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily on election day, for example on holiday or a work trip.\n\n## Voting in England, Scotland or Wales\n\nYou can arrange:\n\n- to vote by post\n\n- for someone else to vote for you (vote by proxy)\n\nIf you\u2019re abroad on election day you need to make arrangements in advance. Apply to vote by proxy if the election is less than 2 weeks away and you have not made arrangements yet.\n\nYour postal ballot will be sent to the address you\u2019ve chosen no earlier than 16 days before the election. You need to return your ballot before 10pm on polling day.\n\n## Voting in Northern Ireland\n\nThere\u2019s a different process to apply to vote by post or proxy if you live in Northern Ireland and will be abroad temporarily on election day.\n\nIf you will not have time to receive and return your postal ballot in Northern Ireland before going abroad you\u2019ll need to vote by proxy. You cannot apply to have your postal vote sent outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving or living abroad\n\nYou can only vote in UK Parliament elections. You may be able to vote in referendums. Each referendum has different rules on who can vote in it.\n\nYou need to register as an overseas voter.\n\nYou can vote by post or proxy, if you\u2019re eligible. You\u2019ll be asked to make this choice when you register.\n\nYou\u2019ll then need to apply by filling in and posting one of the following:\n\n- the paper form to apply for a postal vote\n\n- the paper form to apply for a proxy vote\n\nYou can also ask for the form to be emailed or posted to you when you register online.\n\nIf you\u2019re registered in Northern Ireland, you cannot vote by post from abroad.\n\n## Get help voting\n\nYou can contact your Electoral Register Office to find out when postal votes might be sent. This could help you decide whether to vote by proxy or by post.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-vote", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am only seventeen but will be eighteen by the time of the next election (both general and local) and would like to be able to vote for the first time but I do not know how to go about this.", + "original_question": "Will I be automatically added to the electoral roll when I turn eighteen?" + }, + { + "id": "train-294", + "question": "Scenario: I previously ordered a veterans badge due to having served 23 years in the armed forces. I did get one but ive somehow managed to misplace it and would very much like to replace it but I am not sure who to contact about organising it all.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to order a replacement veterans badge?\n\nDocument - Apply for a veterans badge or a medal:\n## Apply for a veterans badge\n\nYou can get an armed forces veterans badge if you\u2019ve served in any of the UK armed forces - there\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you were in the:\n\n- army\n\n- Royal Navy\n\n- Royal Marines\n\n- Royal Air Force (RAF)\n\n- volunteer or regular reserves\n\nYou cannot apply if you:\n\n- served in the armed forces of another country\n\n- served alongside the UK armed forces, for example in the Canadian Navy or Royal Australian Air Force\n\n## If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died\n\nYou can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get either:\n\n- a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension\n\n- compensation under the Survivors Guaranteed Income Payment (SGIP)\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application for an armed forces veterans badge.\n\nYou can also call the enquiries line to get a paper application form sent to you.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give as much information on the form as possible, such as:\n\n- the force you served in, for example the army or Royal Navy\n\n- service number\n\n- period of service\n\nPost the form to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.\n\nYou can also apply for a medal if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nIf you lose your badge, you can apply for a replacement.\n\n## Get help\n\nIf you need to contact MOD about your veterans badge application, you can phone, fax or send an email to dbs-modmo-vetsbadge@mod.gov.uk.\n\nYou cannot apply for a veterans badge by email.\n\n## Apply for a medal\n\nYou can apply for a medal if you served in the armed forces and are eligible.\n\nFind out the types of medal the Ministry of Defence (MOD) issues.\n\nYou can only apply for World War 1 medals if the original was returned.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you were awarded a medal for service in any of the following:\n\n- the army\n\n- the Royal Navy\n\n- the Royal Marines\n\n- the Royal Air Force (RAF)\n\n- the Home Guard\n\n- the reserve forces\n\nYou must meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal\n\nYou can apply on behalf of a veteran if you have lasting power of attorney.\n\nIf the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules for the official next of kin are:\n\n- the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has the first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the parent is entitled to apply\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse, child or parent, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the medal application form.\n\nApply through your unit if you\u2019re still serving in the armed forces.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone else, you must include a copy of either your lasting power of attorney or a death certificate.\n\nPost the form, along with any supporting documents, to the MOD Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your medal within 12 weeks of sending the application form.\n\nYou can apply for a replacement medal if the original\u2019s been stolen or accidentally destroyed, for example in a fire.\n\n## Get help\n\nIf you need to contact MOD about your medal application, email dbs-medals@mod.gov.uk.\n\n## Replace a badge or medal\n\nYou can get the first replacement veterans badge for free.\n\nYou may be able to get a replacement medal - it depends how it was lost. You\u2019ll have to pay for the replacement medal plus a fee.\n\n## Replace a veterans badge\n\nFollow the instructions for applying for a veterans badge - you can use the same form.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your replacement veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.\n\nYou do not have to pay a fee if it\u2019s the first veterans badge you\u2019re replacing.\n\n## Replace a medal\n\nYou can only get a replacement medal from the Ministry of Defence (MOD) if it was stolen or destroyed, for example in a fire or flood. The medal must have been awarded for service after World War 1.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show proof by providing a copy of either a:\n\n- police crime report\n\n- successful insurance claim listing the individual items\n\nYou can also buy replacement medals from a licensed medal dealer.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the medal application form to ask for a replacement medal. Post the form to the MOD Medal Office, along with:\n\n- a letter explaining how the medal was stolen or destroyed\n\n- a copy of the police report or insurance claim\n\nThe address is on the form.\n\nContact your unit\u2019s human resources (HR) department if you\u2019re currently serving in the armed forces.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the Medal Office - usually within 10 working days of when your application\u2019s received.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much the replacement will cost and how to pay if your application\u2019s successful. The cost depends on the type of medal. It includes an administration fee.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the replacement within 4 weeks from the Medal Office getting your payment.\n\n## Apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge\n\nYou can apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge if you:\n\n- were a Merchant Navy seafarer or fisherman\n\n- served in a vessel used to support the UK Armed Forces\n\n## If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died\n\nYou can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for a badge through the Merchant Navy Association.\n\n## Members of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary\n\nIf you\u2019re a member of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary, apply for the armed forces veterans badge.\n\n## Apply for a UK merchant navy medal\n\nYou can apply for a UK merchant navy medal if you were a member of the merchant navy and you:\n\n- served in a vessel used to support the UK armed forces\n\n- meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for\n\n## How to apply\n\nComplete the application form and send it to the address on the form. You\u2019ll also need to send your seaman\u2019s discharge book.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal\n\nYou can apply for someone else if either:\n\n- they\u2019ve died\n\n- you have lasting power of attorney\n\nYou must include a copy of the death certificate or your lasting power of attorney.\n\nIf the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules are:\n\n- the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision within 30 working days of your application being received.\n\n## Get help\n\nEmail seafarers_registry@mcga.gov.uk if you need help with your application.\n\n## Replace a lost or stolen medal\n\nYou\u2019ll need to complete the application form if your medal is lost or has been stolen.\n\n## If you want to appeal or complain\n\nYou can write to or email the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office if you want to:\n\n- appeal a decision\n\n- complain about how you\u2019ve been treated\n\nYou should include any new evidence you have if you make an appeal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I previously ordered a veterans badge due to having served 23 years in the armed forces. I did get one but ive somehow managed to misplace it and would very much like to replace it but I am not sure who to contact about organising it all.", + "original_question": "Am I able to order a replacement veterans badge?" + }, + { + "id": "train-295", + "question": "Scenario: My father passed away 3 years ago after a long service of 30 years with the UK Merchant Navy, as a remembrance gift for my mother i wanted to give her a gift of a veteran seafarers badge that would have been bestowed on him as an honour. I think he would really appreciate the acknowledgement\n\nQuestion: Am I able to order on my dads behalf a Merchant Navy Seafarers badge now that my father has passed away?\n\nDocument - Apply for a veterans badge or a medal:\n## Apply for a veterans badge\n\nYou can get an armed forces veterans badge if you\u2019ve served in any of the UK armed forces - there\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you were in the:\n\n- army\n\n- Royal Navy\n\n- Royal Marines\n\n- Royal Air Force (RAF)\n\n- volunteer or regular reserves\n\nYou cannot apply if you:\n\n- served in the armed forces of another country\n\n- served alongside the UK armed forces, for example in the Canadian Navy or Royal Australian Air Force\n\n## If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died\n\nYou can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get either:\n\n- a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension\n\n- compensation under the Survivors Guaranteed Income Payment (SGIP)\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application for an armed forces veterans badge.\n\nYou can also call the enquiries line to get a paper application form sent to you.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give as much information on the form as possible, such as:\n\n- the force you served in, for example the army or Royal Navy\n\n- service number\n\n- period of service\n\nPost the form to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.\n\nYou can also apply for a medal if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nIf you lose your badge, you can apply for a replacement.\n\n## Get help\n\nIf you need to contact MOD about your veterans badge application, you can phone, fax or send an email to dbs-modmo-vetsbadge@mod.gov.uk.\n\nYou cannot apply for a veterans badge by email.\n\n## Apply for a medal\n\nYou can apply for a medal if you served in the armed forces and are eligible.\n\nFind out the types of medal the Ministry of Defence (MOD) issues.\n\nYou can only apply for World War 1 medals if the original was returned.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you were awarded a medal for service in any of the following:\n\n- the army\n\n- the Royal Navy\n\n- the Royal Marines\n\n- the Royal Air Force (RAF)\n\n- the Home Guard\n\n- the reserve forces\n\nYou must meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal\n\nYou can apply on behalf of a veteran if you have lasting power of attorney.\n\nIf the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules for the official next of kin are:\n\n- the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has the first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the parent is entitled to apply\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse, child or parent, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the medal application form.\n\nApply through your unit if you\u2019re still serving in the armed forces.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone else, you must include a copy of either your lasting power of attorney or a death certificate.\n\nPost the form, along with any supporting documents, to the MOD Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your medal within 12 weeks of sending the application form.\n\nYou can apply for a replacement medal if the original\u2019s been stolen or accidentally destroyed, for example in a fire.\n\n## Get help\n\nIf you need to contact MOD about your medal application, email dbs-medals@mod.gov.uk.\n\n## Replace a badge or medal\n\nYou can get the first replacement veterans badge for free.\n\nYou may be able to get a replacement medal - it depends how it was lost. You\u2019ll have to pay for the replacement medal plus a fee.\n\n## Replace a veterans badge\n\nFollow the instructions for applying for a veterans badge - you can use the same form.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your replacement veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.\n\nYou do not have to pay a fee if it\u2019s the first veterans badge you\u2019re replacing.\n\n## Replace a medal\n\nYou can only get a replacement medal from the Ministry of Defence (MOD) if it was stolen or destroyed, for example in a fire or flood. The medal must have been awarded for service after World War 1.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show proof by providing a copy of either a:\n\n- police crime report\n\n- successful insurance claim listing the individual items\n\nYou can also buy replacement medals from a licensed medal dealer.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the medal application form to ask for a replacement medal. Post the form to the MOD Medal Office, along with:\n\n- a letter explaining how the medal was stolen or destroyed\n\n- a copy of the police report or insurance claim\n\nThe address is on the form.\n\nContact your unit\u2019s human resources (HR) department if you\u2019re currently serving in the armed forces.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the Medal Office - usually within 10 working days of when your application\u2019s received.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much the replacement will cost and how to pay if your application\u2019s successful. The cost depends on the type of medal. It includes an administration fee.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the replacement within 4 weeks from the Medal Office getting your payment.\n\n## Apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge\n\nYou can apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge if you:\n\n- were a Merchant Navy seafarer or fisherman\n\n- served in a vessel used to support the UK Armed Forces\n\n## If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died\n\nYou can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for a badge through the Merchant Navy Association.\n\n## Members of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary\n\nIf you\u2019re a member of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary, apply for the armed forces veterans badge.\n\n## Apply for a UK merchant navy medal\n\nYou can apply for a UK merchant navy medal if you were a member of the merchant navy and you:\n\n- served in a vessel used to support the UK armed forces\n\n- meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for\n\n## How to apply\n\nComplete the application form and send it to the address on the form. You\u2019ll also need to send your seaman\u2019s discharge book.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal\n\nYou can apply for someone else if either:\n\n- they\u2019ve died\n\n- you have lasting power of attorney\n\nYou must include a copy of the death certificate or your lasting power of attorney.\n\nIf the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules are:\n\n- the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision within 30 working days of your application being received.\n\n## Get help\n\nEmail seafarers_registry@mcga.gov.uk if you need help with your application.\n\n## Replace a lost or stolen medal\n\nYou\u2019ll need to complete the application form if your medal is lost or has been stolen.\n\n## If you want to appeal or complain\n\nYou can write to or email the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office if you want to:\n\n- appeal a decision\n\n- complain about how you\u2019ve been treated\n\nYou should include any new evidence you have if you make an appeal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father passed away 3 years ago after a long service of 30 years with the UK Merchant Navy, as a remembrance gift for my mother i wanted to give her a gift of a veteran seafarers badge that would have been bestowed on him as an honour. I think he would really appreciate the acknowledgement", + "original_question": "Am I able to order on my dads behalf a Merchant Navy Seafarers badge now that my father has passed away?" + }, + { + "id": "train-296", + "question": "Scenario: I am from Syria and came to UK 7 years back. I have applied for Asylum and provided all the required legal documents. I currently don't have any money\n\nQuestion: Can I get some financial help while I was waiting for the decision on my application ?\n\nDocument - Appeal a decision by the immigration and asylum tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if you think there\u2019s a legal mistake with a decision made by the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber).\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get legal advice (including from a solicitor), or help from a regulated immigration adviser.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice.\n\nYou may be able to get legal aid.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\nYou may be able to get asylum support, for example housing and money, while you\u2019re waiting to find out if you\u2019ll be given asylum.\n\nContact the tribunal if you have any questions about your appeal. The tribunal can not give you legal advice.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nYou must be able to make a case for why the decision was legally wrong. For example, if the tribunal:\n\n- did not apply the correct law or wrongly interpreted the law\n\n- did not follow the correct procedures\n\n- had no evidence or not enough evidence to support its decision\n\n## Ask for permission to appeal\n\nYou must ask the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given the form to ask permission from the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) when you get your decision. Send it with a copy of the decision to the address on the form.\n\n## Deadlines for asking the First-tier Tribunal for permission to appeal\n\nYou must ask for permission to appeal within a certain period of time of getting your decision. When you must appeal by depends on whether you\u2019re inside or outside the UK.\n\n| | When you must appeal by |\n\n| You\u2019re inside the UK | 14 days after the date on the written reasons for the decisions |\n\n| You\u2019re outside the UK | 28 days after the date on the written reasons for the decisions |\n\n## Fees\n\nThere is no fee to appeal to the tribunal.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission to appeal\n\nYou can apply to the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal if the First-tier Tribunal refuses, or only gives your permission to appeal on limited grounds.\n\nDownload and fill in the Upper Tribunal permission request form and send it with the appropriate documents to the address on the form.\n\nYou must also say whether you want a hearing or not.\n\nIf your case was heard at either the Yarl\u2019s Wood or the Harmondsworth hearing centre as a Detained Immigration Appeal, send your application to the Harmondsworth hearing centre.\n\n## Deadlines for asking the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal\n\nHow long you have depends on where you are and how you received your refusal letter from the First-tier Tribunal.\n\n| | When you must appeal by |\n\n| You\u2019re inside the UK | 14 days after the date on the decision |\n\n| You\u2019re outside the UK | 1 month after the date on the decision |\n\n## Documents you must send with your application\n\nInclude copies of the following documents with your form:\n\n- the decision by the First-tier Tribunal\n\n- the \u2018notice of refusal of permission to appeal\u2019 by the First-tier Tribunal or the \u2018refusal to admit the application for permission\u2019\n\n- a statement clearly setting out your reasons for why you think the First-tier Tribunal made a mistake\n\n- any other relevant documents that you sent to the First-tier Tribunal\n\nYou also need to include any written evidence that shows why you think the First-tier Tribunal made a legal mistake.\n\nIf your application is late, you must explain in writing why it is late. The tribunal will then decide if it can review your application.\n\n## Ask for a hearing\n\nYou can ask on your application for a decision to be made either:\n\n- just on the information in your application\n\n- at a hearing that you or your representative can go to\n\nThe tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case and invited to attend if you\u2019re in the UK.\n\nIf they do not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your application.\n\n## Withdrawing your appeal\n\nOnly you or your representative can withdraw your appeal. Contact the tribunal in writing if you want to withdraw your appeal - include your appeal number. The tribunal will decide whether to give you permission to withdraw, or if the hearing will go ahead.\n\nIf your hearing is less than 7 days away, contact the hearing centre where your appeal is scheduled.\n\n## If you have a hearing\n\nYou or your representative will be told when and where your hearing will take place. You can check the daily courts lists on the day of your hearing to find out if anything has changed.\n\nYou may need to attend a pre-hearing first, where the tribunal will check that you\u2019re ready for the full hearing to take place.\n\nBring copies of all the documents that you gave to the tribunal.\n\nYou can bring a friend to represent you - ask the judge at the beginning of the hearing if this is the case.\n\n## Special requirements\n\nWrite to the Customer Enquiry Unit at least 2 weeks before your hearing if you need any special help, for example wheelchair access.\n\n## Private hearings or hearings by video\n\nHearings are usually carried out in public. If you have an important need (for example you think you\u2019ll be put in danger if you go to the hearing), you can ask:\n\n- for your name not to appear on any tribunal documents or court lists\n\n- for the tribunal to be private and not open to the public\n\n- to attend the hearing by video link\n\n## Asking for a male or female judge\n\nYou can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.\n\nMake your request as soon as possible when your apply, and no later than 7 days before the hearing.\n\n## If you cannot attend the hearing\n\nYou must attend the hearing yourself if you\u2019re in the UK. You can also bring a solicitor or regulated immigration adviser with you.\n\nIf you\u2019re not in the UK, you can ask a solicitor, regulated immigration adviser or the person who supported your application (your \u2018sponsor\u2019) to attend the hearing in your place.\n\nYou can only be represented at the hearing by a solicitor or regulated immigration adviser, your sponsor can not act on your behalf.\n\nYour sponsor can not represent you at the hearing, they can only be:\n\n- told the tribunal\u2019s decision\n\n- given information over the phone\n\nYou must write to the tribunal to tell them if your sponsor will be attending the hearing in your place. Include the case reference number of your appeal.\n\n## Children at the hearing\n\nYou can not take children into the hearing room with you. If you need to bring them to the tribunal, you\u2019ll need to bring someone to look after them.\n\n## If your appeal can not be resolved at the hearing\n\nIf your appeal is not held on its scheduled day for any reason (for example there is not a judge available) it\u2019ll be \u2018adjourned\u2019 and rescheduled for another day.\n\nYour hearing may also be adjourned as \u2018part heard\u2019 if there is not enough time to finish it, or it can not be resolved on the day, for example because more evidence is needed.\n\nThe tribunal will arrange another hearing with the same people present.\n\n## The tribunal's decision\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get your decision in writing in 28 days.\n\n## If you win your appeal\n\nIf the Upper Tribunal decides that a mistake was made it can:\n\n- overrule the decision and make its own judgement\n\n- order the First-tier Tribunal to hear the case again\n\nThe Home Office can appeal the decision of the tribunal.\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYou may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal mistake made by the tribunal.\n\nGet legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.\n\n## Ask for permission\n\nYou must write to the upper tribunal and ask for permission before you appeal. How long you have to do this depends on where you are and how you received your decision.\n\n| | Refusal letter by post | Refusal by email or delivered personally |\n\n| You\u2019re inside the UK | 12 working days | 10 working days |\n\n| You\u2019re outside the UK | 38 days | 10 days |\n\nOnce you have permission, you should appeal to the relevant higher court:\n\n- The Court of Appeal in England and Wales\n\n- The Court of Session in Scotland\n\n- The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland\n\nYou must do this within:\n\n- 28 days of being given permission (England and Wales)\n\n- 42 days of being given permission (Scotland)\n\n- 21 days of being given permission (Northern Ireland)\n\nYou may have to pay court fees and the other party\u2019s costs.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission\n\nYou can ask the relevant higher court for permission.\n\nYou must do this within:\n\n- 28 days of being refused permission (England and Wales)\n\n- 42 days of being refused permission (Scotland)\n\n- 21 days of being refused permission (Northern Ireland)\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) must follow the rules and process in the The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008.\n\nThe tribunal has issued additional guidance on certain issues:\n\n- practice statements\n\n- practice directions\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on legislation, including the:\n\n- Immigration Act 1971\n\n- Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002\n\n- Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006\n\n- Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007\n\n- UK Borders Act 2007\n\n- Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009\n\n- Immigration Rules\n\n- Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2006\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nYou can search for decisions made in other cases.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/upper-tribunal-immigration-asylum", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am from Syria and came to UK 7 years back. I have applied for Asylum and provided all the required legal documents. I currently don't have any money", + "original_question": "Can I get some financial help while I was waiting for the decision on my application ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-299", + "question": "Scenario: I live in Scotland and for work reasons I have to move to Northern Ireland for 3 months. The elections are due in a month and I want to vote bu post from Northern Ireland\n\nQuestion: Can I vote by post if I don't have any special reason?\n\nDocument - How to vote:\n## Overview\n\nYou need to be registered to vote before you can vote in UK elections or referendums.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, you can vote in person on the day of the election at a named polling station. You can also apply for a postal or proxy vote instead.\n\nFind out about voting safely during coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## Ways of voting\n\nYou can vote:\n\n- in person at a polling station\n\n- by post\n\n- by asking someone else to vote for you (voting by proxy)\n\nYou cannot vote online in any elections.\n\n## Eligibility to vote\n\nYou can vote when you\u2019re:\n\n- 18 years old in England and Northern Ireland\n\n- 16 years old in Scottish Parliament and local elections (and other elections when you\u2019re 18)\n\n- 16 years old in Welsh Parliament elections (and other elections when you\u2019re 18)\n\n## Elections you can vote in\n\nDifferent elections have different rules on who can vote.\n\n## Voting and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nElections and referendums are going ahead during coronavirus (COVID-19), though you may see changes to some processes. You can still vote in person at a polling station.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-isolating, clinically extremely vulnerable, or do not want to go to the polling station, you can vote by post or vote by proxy.\n\nYou may also be able to get an emergency proxy vote at short notice if you need to self-isolate shortly before or on election day.\n\n## At the polling station\n\nBecause of COVID-19, there will be safety measures in place at polling stations to help you vote safely (for example, a one-way system or restrictions on the number of people allowed in).\n\nIf you choose to vote in person, make sure you:\n\n- wear a face covering (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n- bring your own pen or pencil (there will be clean pencils available at the polling station if you forget to bring your own)\n\n- use the hand sanitiser provided when entering and leaving the polling station\n\n- keep to social distancing guidelines\n\n## If you have COVID-19 symptoms or have been asked to self-isolate\n\nDo not visit the polling station. Apply for an emergency proxy vote instead. Your proxy can also apply if they develop symptoms.\n\nYou can apply until 5pm on election day. There are different forms to:\n\n- apply for an emergency proxy vote in England\n\n- apply for an emergency proxy vote in Scotland\n\n- apply for an emergency proxy vote in Wales\n\n## Voting in person\n\nYou vote in person at a polling station (usually in a public building, such as a school or local hall).\n\n## Your poll card\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a poll card just before an election telling you when to vote and at which polling station. You can only vote at the polling station location on your card.\n\nIf you have not received a poll card but think you should, contact your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nYou can still vote if you\u2019ve lost your card.\n\n## When you can vote\n\nPolling stations will be open from 7am to 10pm on the day of an election (\u2018polling day\u2019).\n\n## When you get to the polling station\n\nGive your name and address to the staff inside the polling station when you arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a ballot paper containing a list of the people, parties or options you can vote for.\n\n## ID you need to bring\n\nIf you live in England, Wales or Scotland you do not need to bring any identification to vote.\n\nYou will need to show photo ID to vote in Northern Ireland (your passport, driving licence, Electoral Identity Card or certain kinds of Translink Smartpass).\n\nYou do not have to take your poll card with you.\n\n## Filling in your ballot paper\n\nFollow the instructions on the notices in the polling booth and on the top of the ballot paper to vote.\n\n## Voting if you have a disability\n\nIf you have a disability, your local Electoral Registration Office can tell you about:\n\n- physical access, for example wheelchair ramps and disabled parking spaces\n\n- low-level polling booths\n\n- equipment for voters with a visual impairment\n\nEvery polling station must provide at least one large print display version of the ballot paper and a special tactile voting device (TVD) to help people with sight loss.\n\n## Voting by post\n\nYou must apply for a postal vote if you want to vote by post, for example if:\n\n- you\u2019re away from home\n\n- you\u2019re abroad and want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales\n\nYou do not need to give a reason unless you\u2019re voting in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Apply for a postal vote\n\nYou can apply to vote by post for one of the following:\n\n- a single election on a specific date\n\n- a specific period if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- permanently\n\nArrange to vote by proxy if there are under 2 weeks until election day and you have not made arrangements.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form to apply to vote by post in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Change where your postal vote card is sent\n\nMake a new application for a postal vote if you move house or you\u2019ll be away from home when the postal vote is sent out.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form for Northern Ireland.\n\n## Completing and returning your postal vote\n\nWhen voting by post, you should:\n\n- mark your vote on your ballot paper in secret\n\n- fill in the postal voting statement\n\n- put the ballot and statement in the envelope provided\n\n- seal the envelope yourself\n\nPost your ballot back as quickly as possible to make sure it\u2019s counted.\n\n## If you\u2019re too late to post your ballot paper\n\nTake it to your local polling station by 10pm on election day, or Electoral Registration Office before they close.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, take it to your local Area Electoral Office before they close.\n\n## Replace a lost or damaged ballot paper\n\nYour ballot paper needs to clearly display your details and voting choice. If it has been damaged you need to get another one.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- ask your local Electoral Registration Office to post a replacement\n\n- collect a replacement from your local Electoral Registration Office up to 5pm on election day (or the day before in Northern Ireland)\n\nYou cannot vote at a polling station if you registered to vote by post but your ballot paper was lost or damaged.\n\n## Voting by proxy\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to vote in person you can ask someone to vote on your behalf. This is called a proxy vote.\n\nYou can only apply for a proxy vote under certain circumstances, including:\n\n- being away on polling day\n\n- having a medical issue or disability\n\n- not being able to vote in person because of work or military service\n\nYour proxy should be someone you trust to vote on your behalf. You\u2019ll need to tell them which candidate (or referendum outcome) you want to vote for.\n\n## How to apply for a proxy vote\n\nApply for a proxy vote using a paper form. You need to send it to your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nUsually, you need to apply for a proxy vote at least 6 working days before election day if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form to apply to vote by proxy in Northern Ireland. Apply at least 14 working days before election day.\n\n## Apply for an emergency proxy vote\n\nIf the proxy vote deadline has passed you may be able to apply for an emergency proxy vote if you both:\n\n- cannot vote in person because of your employment or a disability\n\n- became aware of this reason after the proxy deadline\n\nYou can apply until 5pm on the day of the election. Fill in a paper form to:\n\n- apply to vote by emergency proxy based on your employment\n\n- apply to vote by emergency proxy based on your disability\n\nAn \u2018appropriate person\u2019 (for example your employer or a doctor) must sign the application form. Send it to your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nYou can also apply for an emergency proxy vote if you or your proxy need to self-isolate because of COVID-19.\n\n## How long your proxy vote is for\n\nYou can apply to vote by proxy:\n\n- for a single election on a specific date\n\n- for a specific period if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- permanently\n\n## Who can act as a proxy\n\nYou can ask anyone to act as your proxy - as long as they:\n\n- are registered to vote\n\n- are allowed to vote in the type of election taking place\n\n- can vote in the polling station stated on your poll card\n\nIf they cannot get to your polling station, they will need to contact your local Electoral Registration Office to arrange to cast their proxy vote by post.\n\n## Change or cancel your proxy vote\n\nTo change who acts as your proxy or to start voting in person, contact your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nIf you want to vote by post instead, complete a postal vote application.\n\n## Voting from abroad\n\nHow you vote when you\u2019re abroad depends on:\n\n- whether you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily or living abroad\n\n- where you want to vote\n\n## If you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily\n\nYou can vote by post or proxy if you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily on election day, for example on holiday or a work trip.\n\n## Voting in England, Scotland or Wales\n\nYou can arrange:\n\n- to vote by post\n\n- for someone else to vote for you (vote by proxy)\n\nIf you\u2019re abroad on election day you need to make arrangements in advance. Apply to vote by proxy if the election is less than 2 weeks away and you have not made arrangements yet.\n\nYour postal ballot will be sent to the address you\u2019ve chosen no earlier than 16 days before the election. You need to return your ballot before 10pm on polling day.\n\n## Voting in Northern Ireland\n\nThere\u2019s a different process to apply to vote by post or proxy if you live in Northern Ireland and will be abroad temporarily on election day.\n\nIf you will not have time to receive and return your postal ballot in Northern Ireland before going abroad you\u2019ll need to vote by proxy. You cannot apply to have your postal vote sent outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving or living abroad\n\nYou can only vote in UK Parliament elections. You may be able to vote in referendums. Each referendum has different rules on who can vote in it.\n\nYou need to register as an overseas voter.\n\nYou can vote by post or proxy, if you\u2019re eligible. You\u2019ll be asked to make this choice when you register.\n\nYou\u2019ll then need to apply by filling in and posting one of the following:\n\n- the paper form to apply for a postal vote\n\n- the paper form to apply for a proxy vote\n\nYou can also ask for the form to be emailed or posted to you when you register online.\n\nIf you\u2019re registered in Northern Ireland, you cannot vote by post from abroad.\n\n## Get help voting\n\nYou can contact your Electoral Register Office to find out when postal votes might be sent. This could help you decide whether to vote by proxy or by post.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-vote", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in Scotland and for work reasons I have to move to Northern Ireland for 3 months. The elections are due in a month and I want to vote bu post from Northern Ireland", + "original_question": "Can I vote by post if I don't have any special reason?" + }, + { + "id": "train-300", + "question": "Scenario: I have started a contracting business about 2 months ago, one of our recent projects involves us getting rid of materials with asbestos which will be my first time disposing of it. I know it can be harmful but i really am not sure if it can be dumped as normal.\n\nQuestion: Is asbestos classed as non-hazardous waste?\n\nDocument - Hazardous waste:\n## Overview\n\nYou must make sure hazardous waste produced or handled by your business in England causes no harm or damage.\n\nYou have responsibilities known as your \u2018duty of care\u2019. You must also meet extra requirements depending on whether you\u2019re a waste:\n\n- producer or holder (you produce or store waste)\n\n- carrier (you collect and transport waste)\n\n- consignee (you receive waste, such as for recycling or disposal)\n\nCheck what you need to do in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.\n\nThere are different requirements for exporting waste.\n\n## Check if your waste is hazardous\n\nWaste is generally considered hazardous if it (or the material or substances it contains) are harmful to humans or the environment. Examples of hazardous waste include:\n\n- asbestos\n\n- chemicals, such as brake fluid or print toner\n\n- batteries\n\n- solvents\n\n- pesticides\n\n- oils (except edible ones), such as car oil\n\n- equipment containing ozone depleting substances, like fridges\n\n- hazardous waste containers\n\nClassify your waste to find out if it is hazardous.\n\n## Producers and holders\n\nYou must follow these steps in England if your business:\n\n- produces hazardous waste\n\n- holds or stores hazardous waste\n\n- has hazardous waste removed from its premises\n\n- Classify your waste to check if it\u2019s hazardous.\n\n- Separate and store hazardous waste safely.\n\n- Use authorised businesses to collect, recycle or dispose of your hazardous waste \u2013\u00a0check that waste carriers are registered and waste sites have environmental permits.\n\n- Fill in the parts of the consignment note that apply to you \u2013 keep one copy and give 2 copies to the carrier collecting your waste.\n\n- Keep records (known as a \u2018register\u2019) for 3 years at the premises that produced or stored the waste.\n\n## Records you must keep\n\nYou must keep your copies of:\n\n- consignment notes\n\n- consignee returns \u2013 you\u2019ll get these from businesses that receive your waste (consignees)\n\n- any related documents, for example \u2018carrier schedules\u2019 (list of carriers when there is more than one), records of rejected loads\n\nIf these documents are not accurate or complete, you must keep a record of any missing information.\n\n## Extra requirements\n\nYou must meet extra requirements in these situations.\n\n## Your waste is rejected\n\nYou must follow the guidance on rejected loads if your hazardous waste is rejected by the destination site you sent it to.\n\n## You transport your own waste\n\nYou must meet the requirements for carriers if you transport any hazardous waste from your own or another business.\n\n## You receive, treat or dispose of waste\n\nYou must meet the requirements for consignees if you:\n\n- receive hazardous waste \u2013\u00a0this includes deliveries of waste from your own business\n\n- treat or dispose of hazardous waste on your business premises \u2013\u00a0this includes your own waste\n\n## Carriers\n\nYou must follow these steps if your business collects and transports hazardous waste in England (for example you\u2019re a waste carrier, or you move your own waste).\n\n- Register as a waste carrier.\n\n- Check parts A and B of the consignment note and the waste before you accept it \u2013\u00a0make sure the waste is classified correctly.\n\n- Separate waste correctly when you load it for transportation.\n\n- Fill in the part of the consignment note that applies to you.\n\n- Leave one copy of the consignment note with the waste producer or holder and keep 2 copies \u2013\u00a0these must stay with the waste until it reaches its destination.\n\n- Take the waste to the destination on the consignment note \u2013\u00a0it must be an authorised waste site.\n\n- Keep records (known as a \u2018register\u2019) for one year.\n\nYou must keep records at your head office.\n\n## Records you must keep\n\nYou must keep copies of:\n\n- consignment notes\n\n- any related documents, for example \u2018carrier schedules\u2019 (list of carriers when there is more than one), records of rejected loads\n\nIf these documents are not accurate or complete, you must keep a record of any missing information.\n\n## You\u2019re a waste dealer or broker\n\nAsk the waste producer or holder for copies of their records. You must keep these for 3 years. Check what other registration requirements and responsibilities you may need to meet.\n\n## Your waste delivery is rejected\n\nYou must follow the guidance on rejected loads if a consignee rejects the hazardous waste you\u2019re transporting.\n\n## Consignees\n\nYou must follow these steps if you receive, treat or dispose of hazardous waste at premises in England.\n\n- Get an environmental permit or register an exemption for your premises.\n\n- Check the consignment note and waste before you accept it \u2013 make sure it\u2019s classified correctly.\n\n- Reject the waste if the consignment note is missing, incorrect or incomplete.\n\n- Fill in part E of the consignment note for any hazardous waste you accept or reject \u2013 keep one copy and hand one copy back to the carrier.\n\n- Send consignee returns to the Environment Agency, and the waste producer or holder, to report on any hazardous waste you accept or reject.\n\n- Keep records (known as a \u2018register\u2019).\n\nYou must keep records at the site where the hazardous waste was stored, treated or disposed.\n\n## Records you must keep\n\nYou must keep:\n\n- consignment notes\n\n- any related documents, for example \u2018carrier schedules\u2019 (list of carriers when there is more than one), records of rejected loads\n\n- a site inventory that records where waste was stored, treated or disposed of at your waste site \u2013\u00a0keep this in a secure, marked area that\u2019s accessible in emergencies\n\n## Site inventories for tipped waste\n\n\u2018Tipped waste\u2019 (permanent waste storage, for example landfill) includes:\n\n| Type of storage | Disposal code (from the Waste Framework Directive) |\n\n| Deposit into or onto land, for example landfill | D1 |\n\n| Land treatment | D2 |\n\n| Deep injection | D3 |\n\n| Surface impoundment | D4 |\n\n| Specially engineered landfill | D5 |\n\n| Release into a water body except seas or oceans | D6 |\n\n| Permanent storage | D12 |\n\nYour site inventory must be a site plan that shows where hazardous waste is stored at your waste site together with its:\n\n- consignment note code \u2013 get this from the consignee return if there\u2019s no consignment note\n\n- waste description including the waste classification code, its chemical components and hazardous properties\n\nUse either a grid or contour lines to divide up your site plan.\n\n## Site inventories for all other waste operations\n\nThese requirements are for all waste operations other than tipped waste, including:\n\n- disposal by other methods\n\n- treatment\n\n- recovery\n\n- incineration\n\nYour site inventory can be a site plan or table showing the location of waste at your site together with:\n\n- its consignment note code \u2013 get this from the consignee return if there\u2019s no consignment note\n\n- information cross-referencing each incoming or outgoing waste (waste transfer activities only)\n\nYou must also keep records for each delivery of hazardous waste you accept at your site \u2013 include:\n\n- its weight in kilograms\n\n- its waste description including the waste classification code, its chemical components and hazardous properties\n\n- the name, address and postcode of the waste holder or producer it came from\n\n- the disposal or recovery method you applied to the waste\n\n## How long you must keep records\n\nThe type of waste site you have determines how long you keep records.\n\n| | Type of record | How long you must keep it |\n\n| Landfill site (disposal codes D1 to D6 and D12) | All records | As long as you have a permit |\n\n| Other waste site with a permit | Consignment notes | 5 years |\n\n| Other waste site with a permit | Site inventory and all other records | As long as you have a permit |\n\n| Waste sites with an exemption | All records | 3 years |\n\nYou must send your records to the Environment Agency if you give up or lose your permit.\n\n## Consignment notes\n\nYou must use consignment notes to move hazardous waste.\n\nA consignment note must stay with hazardous waste until it reaches its final destination.\n\n## Fill in a consignment note\n\nRead the consignment notes guidance.\n\n- Download a consignment note form.\n\n- Fill in the parts that apply to you.\n\n- Use a continuation sheet if you need more space.\n\nThe part that applies to you depends on your role in the waste process.\n\n| Your role | Part you must complete |\n\n| Producer | A and B |\n\n| Holder (stores waste) | A and B |\n\n| Carrier (collects and transports waste) | C |\n\n| Consignor (hands the waste to the carrier) | D |\n\n| Consignee (receives waste for recycling or disposal) | E |\n\n## You\u2019re the waste producer or holder\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know both the:\n\n- Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code (2007) \u2013 this describes the business activity that produced the waste\n\n- waste classification code, also referred to as LoW (List of Waste) or EWC (European Waste Catalogue) code \u2013 this describes the waste\n\n## Get consignment notes another way\n\nYou can also:\n\n- use a note from your waste contractor or write your own \u2013 it must include the information on the form\n\n- buy consignment notices from the Environment Agency \u2013 these have 3 colour-coded copies\n\n## Consignee returns\n\nConsignee returns are reports on any hazardous waste received, treated or disposed of by a business (the \u2018consignee\u2019).\n\n## You\u2019re a waste producer or holder\n\nYou should get consignee returns every quarter from the consignee dealing with your hazardous waste.\n\nAsk for consignee returns in writing if you do not get them \u2013 you need them to keep records.\n\nYou should contact the Environment Agency and stop using a waste business if they do not provide consignee returns.\n\n## You\u2019re a consignee\n\nYou must send consignee returns every quarter to the:\n\n- Environment Agency\n\n- the waste producer or holder\n\nYou must send separate consignee returns to the Environment Agency and the waste producer or holder. You cannot send copies of the same document to both.\n\nRead the consignee returns guidance for help with filling in your consignee returns.\n\n## Send consignee returns to the Environment Agency\n\n- Fill in the consignee returns spreadsheet.\n\n- Send the spreadsheet to the Environment Agency - either email it to hazwastereturn@environment-agency.gov.uk or upload it online (in Wales email it to waleshazreturns@cyfoethnaturiolcymru.gov.uk).\n\nRead the consignee returns guidance for other ways you can send your returns.\n\n## Deadlines\n\n| Reporting period | Deadline |\n\n| January to March | 30 April |\n\n| April to June | 31 July |\n\n| July to September | 31 October |\n\n| October to December | 31 January |\n\n## Fees\n\nFees are per consignment of waste and depend on whether the consignment formed part of a multiple collection (if it came from multiple locations) or not. The fees are:\n\n- single consignment - \u00a310 (electronic returns) or \u00a319 (paper returns)\n\n- multiple collection - \u00a35 (electronic returns) or \u00a310 (paper returns)\n\n## Contact the Environment Agency\n\nContact the Environment Agency if you have any questions about hazardous waste.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dispose-hazardous-waste", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have started a contracting business about 2 months ago, one of our recent projects involves us getting rid of materials with asbestos which will be my first time disposing of it. I know it can be harmful but i really am not sure if it can be dumped as normal.", + "original_question": "Is asbestos classed as non-hazardous waste?" + }, + { + "id": "train-302", + "question": "Scenario: We own a butchery shop and we use our house sometimes to clean the meat. While cleaning there are lot wastes that have to be disposed\n\nQuestion: As the wastes are generated from home. Does these wastes considered as business waste ?\n\nDocument - Dispose of business or commercial waste:\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must:\n\n- keep waste to a minimum by doing everything you reasonably can to prevent, reuse, recycle or recover waste (in that order) - get help to do this\n\n- sort and store waste safely and securely\n\n- complete a waste transfer note for each load of waste that leaves your premises\n\n- check if your waste carrier is registered to dispose of waste\n\n- not allow the waste carrier to dispose of your waste illegally (and report them to Crimestoppers if they do)\n\nYou have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re dealing with hazardous waste.\n\n## What counts as business waste\n\nAny waste that comes from a commercial activity is business waste. If you use part of your home to run your business then any waste from that part is business waste.\n\nBusiness waste also includes any waste that comes from:\n\n- construction\n\n- demolition\n\n- industry\n\n- agriculture\n\nCheck what you need to do in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## Disposing of your own waste\n\nYou must register as a waste carrier if you want to dispose of your own waste regularly. Apply to register in:\n\n- England\n\n- Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nDepending on what you\u2019re doing, you may also need to apply for a waste permit.\n\n## Moving waste between countries\n\nYou cannot move waste between countries for disposal, for example to send it to landfill. You can usually only import or export waste to recover it, such as using waste to produce energy.\n\nRead the guide on waste imports and exports.\n\n## Sorting and storing waste\n\nYou must store waste safely and securely. To do this:\n\n- store waste in a secure place\n\n- use suitable containers that will stop waste escaping\n\n- label containers clearly with the type of waste they contain\n\n- use covers to stop waste blowing away\n\n- use waterproof covers if rain could cause contaminated run-off or prevent the waste from being reused\n\nYou have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re storing hazardous waste.\n\nStore different types of waste separately, so that:\n\n- they do not contaminate each other\n\n- they can be reused more easily\n\n- you can complete the waste transfer note correctly\n\n## Waste transfer notes\n\nFor each load of non-hazardous waste you move off your premises, you need a waste transfer note or a document with the same information, such as an invoice.\n\nRegister online to:\n\n- fill in a waste transfer note for a single load of waste\n\n- create a season ticket for a series of loads\n\nOr download a waste transfer note to fill in and sign on paper.\n\nYour business and the business taking your waste both need to:\n\n- Fill in the sections of the waste transfer note that apply to you.\n\n- Sign it.\n\n- Keep a copy for 2 years.\n\n- Show it to an enforcement officer from your local council or the Environment Agency if asked.\n\nYou must include enough information to help the business taking your waste to handle and dispose of it safely.\n\n## Contacts\n\nContact the organisation in your region if you have any questions about business and commercial waste.\n\n## England\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\n## Northern Ireland", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/managing-your-waste-an-overview", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We own a butchery shop and we use our house sometimes to clean the meat. While cleaning there are lot wastes that have to be disposed", + "original_question": "As the wastes are generated from home. Does these wastes considered as business waste ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-303", + "question": "Scenario: We own a water bottle business. As part of our business there are lot of plastics that are to be re-cycled. We cannot recycle everything in UK because of the huge loads of plastics\n\nQuestion: Can we export our plastics outside of UK for disposing ?\n\nDocument - Dispose of business or commercial waste:\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must:\n\n- keep waste to a minimum by doing everything you reasonably can to prevent, reuse, recycle or recover waste (in that order) - get help to do this\n\n- sort and store waste safely and securely\n\n- complete a waste transfer note for each load of waste that leaves your premises\n\n- check if your waste carrier is registered to dispose of waste\n\n- not allow the waste carrier to dispose of your waste illegally (and report them to Crimestoppers if they do)\n\nYou have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re dealing with hazardous waste.\n\n## What counts as business waste\n\nAny waste that comes from a commercial activity is business waste. If you use part of your home to run your business then any waste from that part is business waste.\n\nBusiness waste also includes any waste that comes from:\n\n- construction\n\n- demolition\n\n- industry\n\n- agriculture\n\nCheck what you need to do in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## Disposing of your own waste\n\nYou must register as a waste carrier if you want to dispose of your own waste regularly. Apply to register in:\n\n- England\n\n- Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nDepending on what you\u2019re doing, you may also need to apply for a waste permit.\n\n## Moving waste between countries\n\nYou cannot move waste between countries for disposal, for example to send it to landfill. You can usually only import or export waste to recover it, such as using waste to produce energy.\n\nRead the guide on waste imports and exports.\n\n## Sorting and storing waste\n\nYou must store waste safely and securely. To do this:\n\n- store waste in a secure place\n\n- use suitable containers that will stop waste escaping\n\n- label containers clearly with the type of waste they contain\n\n- use covers to stop waste blowing away\n\n- use waterproof covers if rain could cause contaminated run-off or prevent the waste from being reused\n\nYou have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re storing hazardous waste.\n\nStore different types of waste separately, so that:\n\n- they do not contaminate each other\n\n- they can be reused more easily\n\n- you can complete the waste transfer note correctly\n\n## Waste transfer notes\n\nFor each load of non-hazardous waste you move off your premises, you need a waste transfer note or a document with the same information, such as an invoice.\n\nRegister online to:\n\n- fill in a waste transfer note for a single load of waste\n\n- create a season ticket for a series of loads\n\nOr download a waste transfer note to fill in and sign on paper.\n\nYour business and the business taking your waste both need to:\n\n- Fill in the sections of the waste transfer note that apply to you.\n\n- Sign it.\n\n- Keep a copy for 2 years.\n\n- Show it to an enforcement officer from your local council or the Environment Agency if asked.\n\nYou must include enough information to help the business taking your waste to handle and dispose of it safely.\n\n## Contacts\n\nContact the organisation in your region if you have any questions about business and commercial waste.\n\n## England\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\n## Northern Ireland", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/managing-your-waste-an-overview", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We own a water bottle business. As part of our business there are lot of plastics that are to be re-cycled. We cannot recycle everything in UK because of the huge loads of plastics", + "original_question": "Can we export our plastics outside of UK for disposing ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-304", + "question": "Scenario: I am in my early thirties and with the coronavirus going around I have quite a lot of free time since I am working from home. I want to help people in my local area who are at risk, feeling isolated or otherwise prefer not to go out.\n\nQuestion: Are there certain groups I can join to provide better aid to those who need it?\n\nDocument - Volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19):\n## Overview\n\nYou can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group. You can also help people in your local area by doing things like picking up shopping or medicines.\n\nYou may be able to volunteer:\n\n- from home\n\n- from outside your home\n\n- in a workplace\n\nA new COVID-19 variant is spreading in some parts of England. Check what you can and cannot do if you\u2019re in an area where the new variant is spreading.\n\nThis guidance is for volunteers in England. There\u2019s different guidance on:\n\n- volunteering in Scotland\n\n- volunteering in Wales\n\n- volunteering in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you run an organisation or group, or manage volunteers, find out how to involve volunteers safely.\n\n## Where you can volunteer\n\nYou should volunteer from home where possible.\n\nFollow guidance on volunteering with other people if you have to volunteer outside your home. Do not leave home if:\n\n- you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate by NHS Test and Trace\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating for any other reason\n\nIf you\u2019re volunteering in a workplace, it should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\n## If you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19\n\nYou can volunteer outside your home, if you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19 (clinically extremely vulnerable), but you should take extra steps to protect yourself. For example, reduce:\n\n- your social interactions\n\n- the time you spend in places where you cannot social distance\n\n## If you have COVID-19 symptoms\n\nDo not volunteer outside your home if you have COVID-19 symptoms or if you\u2019ve tested positive for COVID-19.\n\nYou must self-isolate from the date you started having symptoms or from the day you tested positive and for the next 10 full days - whichever is the latest.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-isolating your volunteer organisation should not ask you to leave home.\n\n## If you need to travel as a volunteer\n\nFind out how to travel safely if you\u2019re volunteering in England.\n\nCheck COVID-19 guidance in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland before you travel, if you need to volunteer in one of these countries.\n\nBefore volunteering abroad:\n\n- check if the country you\u2019re going to is accepting volunteers - read foreign travel advice to find out where you can go\n\n- read the guidance on travelling abroad during COVID-19\n\n- check if your volunteering role means you\u2019re exempt from travel restrictions\n\n- check the rules you must follow when you return to England\n\n## Ways to volunteer\n\nYou can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group, for example a charity, the NHS or a local volunteer-run group.\n\nFind out about volunteering with a charity or voluntary organisation.\n\nCheck if your local council has volunteering opportunities.\n\nYou should choose your volunteering activity based on your risk of getting seriously ill with COVID-19.\n\n## Volunteer with the NHS\n\nIf you want to help the NHS as a general volunteer, apply for the NHS volunteer responder scheme. You\u2019ll need to check if the scheme is recruiting in your area.\n\nTo volunteer in a hospital, including if you\u2019re a doctor or nurse, contact your local hospital trust.\n\nIf you want to give blood, read the guidance about donating blood during COVID-19.\n\nYou can also sign up to the NHS COVID-19 vaccine registry if you want to take part in a COVID-19 vaccine research study.\n\n## Help people in your local area\n\nYou can help others by doing activities like picking up shopping and offering support on the phone. This includes:\n\n- family, friends and neighbours who are at high risk from COVID-19 or who prefer not to go out\n\n- people who are feeling lonely or isolated\n\n- staff and volunteers in key worker roles\n\nYou can also join a mutual aid group. A mutual aid group is a local volunteer-run initiative where people come together to help each other.\n\n## Protect those you help\n\nIf you\u2019re worried about someone\u2019s health, contact the NHS or check NHS COVID-19 advice online.\n\nIf you\u2019re helping someone who\u2019s staying at home, you should follow social distancing guidelines if you do have to go indoors.\n\nIt may not always be possible to follow social distancing guidelines, for example if you\u2019re providing personal care to someone. You should consider whether the activity is essential and follow working safely guidance.\n\n## If you\u2019re helping someone who\u2019s not a friend or family member\n\nYou should show identification when you call at their home.\n\nYou should not:\n\n- ask for their credit or debit card numbers, or other financial information\n\n- take their address and phone number, unless you need it to do a task\n\n- pressure them into giving you any unnecessary information\n\nYou can find out how to help others safely on the British Red Cross website.\n\nContact the police if you think someone you\u2019re helping is being abused or neglected. Phone 999 in an emergency or 101 if the person is not in immediate danger.\n\n## Volunteering with other people\n\nWhen you volunteer, you can meet in groups of any size from different households, both indoors or outdoors. However, meeting in smaller groups can reduce the risk of coronavirus (COVID-19) spreading.\n\nYou can also meet in groups for activities like volunteer recruitment and training. This does not include meeting in groups for social activities.\n\nThe organisation or group of volunteers running the activities should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\nAs a volunteer, you should:\n\n- follow social distancing guidelines\n\n- wash your hands regularly and for 20 seconds\n\n- wear a face covering indoors\n\n- make sure indoor spaces are well ventilated with fresh air\n\nIn some volunteering roles, it may not be possible for you to follow social distancing guidelines. For example, driving a vehicle with others in it. You should consider whether the activity is essential before doing it and follow the guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\n## Volunteering in a support group\n\nYou can volunteer in a support group. Support groups should provide mutual aid, therapy or another form of support.\n\nThere cannot be more than 30 people in the support group itself. Children under 5 are not included in this limit. There\u2019s no limit to the number of volunteers.\n\nFor example, 5 volunteers could support up to 30 people in a group session, to make a group of 35 in total.\n\nFormal support groups must not be run from private homes.\n\n## Testing and vaccination\n\nFind out how to get tested for coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nIf you volunteer in an essential role and have COVID-19 symptoms, you\u2019ll be prioritised for a test.\n\n## Who can get a vaccine\n\nYou can get vaccinated if you\u2019re a volunteer in an eligible group. This includes volunteers in frontline health and social care roles.\n\nIf you qualify for a vaccine because of your age or a clinical condition, you\u2019ll be vaccinated at the same time as other people in your area.\n\nThe NHS will let you know when you can get a vaccine and how to get it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus-volunteering", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am in my early thirties and with the coronavirus going around I have quite a lot of free time since I am working from home. I want to help people in my local area who are at risk, feeling isolated or otherwise prefer not to go out.", + "original_question": "Are there certain groups I can join to provide better aid to those who need it?" + }, + { + "id": "train-305", + "question": "Scenario: I have been volunteering with a support group in my local area for a few weeks now. A couple of days ago I started feeling a bit under the weather and decided to get tested for COVID-19, the results came back positive. I will be self-isolating for the next 10 days.\n\nQuestion: Will I still be asked to keep contributing to my volunteer group?\n\nDocument - Volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19):\n## Overview\n\nYou can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group. You can also help people in your local area by doing things like picking up shopping or medicines.\n\nYou may be able to volunteer:\n\n- from home\n\n- from outside your home\n\n- in a workplace\n\nA new COVID-19 variant is spreading in some parts of England. Check what you can and cannot do if you\u2019re in an area where the new variant is spreading.\n\nThis guidance is for volunteers in England. There\u2019s different guidance on:\n\n- volunteering in Scotland\n\n- volunteering in Wales\n\n- volunteering in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you run an organisation or group, or manage volunteers, find out how to involve volunteers safely.\n\n## Where you can volunteer\n\nYou should volunteer from home where possible.\n\nFollow guidance on volunteering with other people if you have to volunteer outside your home. Do not leave home if:\n\n- you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate by NHS Test and Trace\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating for any other reason\n\nIf you\u2019re volunteering in a workplace, it should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\n## If you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19\n\nYou can volunteer outside your home, if you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19 (clinically extremely vulnerable), but you should take extra steps to protect yourself. For example, reduce:\n\n- your social interactions\n\n- the time you spend in places where you cannot social distance\n\n## If you have COVID-19 symptoms\n\nDo not volunteer outside your home if you have COVID-19 symptoms or if you\u2019ve tested positive for COVID-19.\n\nYou must self-isolate from the date you started having symptoms or from the day you tested positive and for the next 10 full days - whichever is the latest.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-isolating your volunteer organisation should not ask you to leave home.\n\n## If you need to travel as a volunteer\n\nFind out how to travel safely if you\u2019re volunteering in England.\n\nCheck COVID-19 guidance in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland before you travel, if you need to volunteer in one of these countries.\n\nBefore volunteering abroad:\n\n- check if the country you\u2019re going to is accepting volunteers - read foreign travel advice to find out where you can go\n\n- read the guidance on travelling abroad during COVID-19\n\n- check if your volunteering role means you\u2019re exempt from travel restrictions\n\n- check the rules you must follow when you return to England\n\n## Ways to volunteer\n\nYou can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group, for example a charity, the NHS or a local volunteer-run group.\n\nFind out about volunteering with a charity or voluntary organisation.\n\nCheck if your local council has volunteering opportunities.\n\nYou should choose your volunteering activity based on your risk of getting seriously ill with COVID-19.\n\n## Volunteer with the NHS\n\nIf you want to help the NHS as a general volunteer, apply for the NHS volunteer responder scheme. You\u2019ll need to check if the scheme is recruiting in your area.\n\nTo volunteer in a hospital, including if you\u2019re a doctor or nurse, contact your local hospital trust.\n\nIf you want to give blood, read the guidance about donating blood during COVID-19.\n\nYou can also sign up to the NHS COVID-19 vaccine registry if you want to take part in a COVID-19 vaccine research study.\n\n## Help people in your local area\n\nYou can help others by doing activities like picking up shopping and offering support on the phone. This includes:\n\n- family, friends and neighbours who are at high risk from COVID-19 or who prefer not to go out\n\n- people who are feeling lonely or isolated\n\n- staff and volunteers in key worker roles\n\nYou can also join a mutual aid group. A mutual aid group is a local volunteer-run initiative where people come together to help each other.\n\n## Protect those you help\n\nIf you\u2019re worried about someone\u2019s health, contact the NHS or check NHS COVID-19 advice online.\n\nIf you\u2019re helping someone who\u2019s staying at home, you should follow social distancing guidelines if you do have to go indoors.\n\nIt may not always be possible to follow social distancing guidelines, for example if you\u2019re providing personal care to someone. You should consider whether the activity is essential and follow working safely guidance.\n\n## If you\u2019re helping someone who\u2019s not a friend or family member\n\nYou should show identification when you call at their home.\n\nYou should not:\n\n- ask for their credit or debit card numbers, or other financial information\n\n- take their address and phone number, unless you need it to do a task\n\n- pressure them into giving you any unnecessary information\n\nYou can find out how to help others safely on the British Red Cross website.\n\nContact the police if you think someone you\u2019re helping is being abused or neglected. Phone 999 in an emergency or 101 if the person is not in immediate danger.\n\n## Volunteering with other people\n\nWhen you volunteer, you can meet in groups of any size from different households, both indoors or outdoors. However, meeting in smaller groups can reduce the risk of coronavirus (COVID-19) spreading.\n\nYou can also meet in groups for activities like volunteer recruitment and training. This does not include meeting in groups for social activities.\n\nThe organisation or group of volunteers running the activities should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\nAs a volunteer, you should:\n\n- follow social distancing guidelines\n\n- wash your hands regularly and for 20 seconds\n\n- wear a face covering indoors\n\n- make sure indoor spaces are well ventilated with fresh air\n\nIn some volunteering roles, it may not be possible for you to follow social distancing guidelines. For example, driving a vehicle with others in it. You should consider whether the activity is essential before doing it and follow the guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\n## Volunteering in a support group\n\nYou can volunteer in a support group. Support groups should provide mutual aid, therapy or another form of support.\n\nThere cannot be more than 30 people in the support group itself. Children under 5 are not included in this limit. There\u2019s no limit to the number of volunteers.\n\nFor example, 5 volunteers could support up to 30 people in a group session, to make a group of 35 in total.\n\nFormal support groups must not be run from private homes.\n\n## Testing and vaccination\n\nFind out how to get tested for coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nIf you volunteer in an essential role and have COVID-19 symptoms, you\u2019ll be prioritised for a test.\n\n## Who can get a vaccine\n\nYou can get vaccinated if you\u2019re a volunteer in an eligible group. This includes volunteers in frontline health and social care roles.\n\nIf you qualify for a vaccine because of your age or a clinical condition, you\u2019ll be vaccinated at the same time as other people in your area.\n\nThe NHS will let you know when you can get a vaccine and how to get it.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus-volunteering", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been volunteering with a support group in my local area for a few weeks now. A couple of days ago I started feeling a bit under the weather and decided to get tested for COVID-19, the results came back positive. I will be self-isolating for the next 10 days.", + "original_question": "Will I still be asked to keep contributing to my volunteer group?" + }, + { + "id": "train-310", + "question": "Scenario: My company does construction, we are currently building a new office building in the center of Liverpool. We were told we will be supplied with all necessities regarding waste sorting, storing and disposal. Today we got to see the bins we are going to be using and some of are quite old and have no lids.\n\nQuestion: Do the bins with no lids meet the criteria for safely sorting waste?\n\nDocument - Dispose of business or commercial waste:\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must:\n\n- keep waste to a minimum by doing everything you reasonably can to prevent, reuse, recycle or recover waste (in that order) - get help to do this\n\n- sort and store waste safely and securely\n\n- complete a waste transfer note for each load of waste that leaves your premises\n\n- check if your waste carrier is registered to dispose of waste\n\n- not allow the waste carrier to dispose of your waste illegally (and report them to Crimestoppers if they do)\n\nYou have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re dealing with hazardous waste.\n\n## What counts as business waste\n\nAny waste that comes from a commercial activity is business waste. If you use part of your home to run your business then any waste from that part is business waste.\n\nBusiness waste also includes any waste that comes from:\n\n- construction\n\n- demolition\n\n- industry\n\n- agriculture\n\nCheck what you need to do in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## Disposing of your own waste\n\nYou must register as a waste carrier if you want to dispose of your own waste regularly. Apply to register in:\n\n- England\n\n- Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nDepending on what you\u2019re doing, you may also need to apply for a waste permit.\n\n## Moving waste between countries\n\nYou cannot move waste between countries for disposal, for example to send it to landfill. You can usually only import or export waste to recover it, such as using waste to produce energy.\n\nRead the guide on waste imports and exports.\n\n## Sorting and storing waste\n\nYou must store waste safely and securely. To do this:\n\n- store waste in a secure place\n\n- use suitable containers that will stop waste escaping\n\n- label containers clearly with the type of waste they contain\n\n- use covers to stop waste blowing away\n\n- use waterproof covers if rain could cause contaminated run-off or prevent the waste from being reused\n\nYou have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re storing hazardous waste.\n\nStore different types of waste separately, so that:\n\n- they do not contaminate each other\n\n- they can be reused more easily\n\n- you can complete the waste transfer note correctly\n\n## Waste transfer notes\n\nFor each load of non-hazardous waste you move off your premises, you need a waste transfer note or a document with the same information, such as an invoice.\n\nRegister online to:\n\n- fill in a waste transfer note for a single load of waste\n\n- create a season ticket for a series of loads\n\nOr download a waste transfer note to fill in and sign on paper.\n\nYour business and the business taking your waste both need to:\n\n- Fill in the sections of the waste transfer note that apply to you.\n\n- Sign it.\n\n- Keep a copy for 2 years.\n\n- Show it to an enforcement officer from your local council or the Environment Agency if asked.\n\nYou must include enough information to help the business taking your waste to handle and dispose of it safely.\n\n## Contacts\n\nContact the organisation in your region if you have any questions about business and commercial waste.\n\n## England\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\n## Northern Ireland", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/managing-your-waste-an-overview", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My company does construction, we are currently building a new office building in the center of Liverpool. We were told we will be supplied with all necessities regarding waste sorting, storing and disposal. Today we got to see the bins we are going to be using and some of are quite old and have no lids.", + "original_question": "Do the bins with no lids meet the criteria for safely sorting waste?" + }, + { + "id": "train-311", + "question": "Scenario: I use my garage to manufacture custom mini computers for my online store. I often end up throwing away chips, cables and boards. I have been running this business for around a month now. Yesterday my neighbour told me I should take better care of my waste and that if I didn't he would contact authorities to report improper disposal of business waste.\n\nQuestion: Does the waste I produce in my garage count as business waste?\n\nDocument - Dispose of business or commercial waste:\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must:\n\n- keep waste to a minimum by doing everything you reasonably can to prevent, reuse, recycle or recover waste (in that order) - get help to do this\n\n- sort and store waste safely and securely\n\n- complete a waste transfer note for each load of waste that leaves your premises\n\n- check if your waste carrier is registered to dispose of waste\n\n- not allow the waste carrier to dispose of your waste illegally (and report them to Crimestoppers if they do)\n\nYou have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re dealing with hazardous waste.\n\n## What counts as business waste\n\nAny waste that comes from a commercial activity is business waste. If you use part of your home to run your business then any waste from that part is business waste.\n\nBusiness waste also includes any waste that comes from:\n\n- construction\n\n- demolition\n\n- industry\n\n- agriculture\n\nCheck what you need to do in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## Disposing of your own waste\n\nYou must register as a waste carrier if you want to dispose of your own waste regularly. Apply to register in:\n\n- England\n\n- Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nDepending on what you\u2019re doing, you may also need to apply for a waste permit.\n\n## Moving waste between countries\n\nYou cannot move waste between countries for disposal, for example to send it to landfill. You can usually only import or export waste to recover it, such as using waste to produce energy.\n\nRead the guide on waste imports and exports.\n\n## Sorting and storing waste\n\nYou must store waste safely and securely. To do this:\n\n- store waste in a secure place\n\n- use suitable containers that will stop waste escaping\n\n- label containers clearly with the type of waste they contain\n\n- use covers to stop waste blowing away\n\n- use waterproof covers if rain could cause contaminated run-off or prevent the waste from being reused\n\nYou have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re storing hazardous waste.\n\nStore different types of waste separately, so that:\n\n- they do not contaminate each other\n\n- they can be reused more easily\n\n- you can complete the waste transfer note correctly\n\n## Waste transfer notes\n\nFor each load of non-hazardous waste you move off your premises, you need a waste transfer note or a document with the same information, such as an invoice.\n\nRegister online to:\n\n- fill in a waste transfer note for a single load of waste\n\n- create a season ticket for a series of loads\n\nOr download a waste transfer note to fill in and sign on paper.\n\nYour business and the business taking your waste both need to:\n\n- Fill in the sections of the waste transfer note that apply to you.\n\n- Sign it.\n\n- Keep a copy for 2 years.\n\n- Show it to an enforcement officer from your local council or the Environment Agency if asked.\n\nYou must include enough information to help the business taking your waste to handle and dispose of it safely.\n\n## Contacts\n\nContact the organisation in your region if you have any questions about business and commercial waste.\n\n## England\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\n## Northern Ireland", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/managing-your-waste-an-overview", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I use my garage to manufacture custom mini computers for my online store. I often end up throwing away chips, cables and boards. I have been running this business for around a month now. Yesterday my neighbour told me I should take better care of my waste and that if I didn't he would contact authorities to report improper disposal of business waste.", + "original_question": "Does the waste I produce in my garage count as business waste?" + }, + { + "id": "train-312", + "question": "Scenario: My partner and are on a low income and are looking to claim tax credits to top up our income. As a leaving present from my previous employer, I received some shares in the company.\n\nQuestion: Do dividends from these shares count towards our income when assessing our claim for tax credits?\n\nDocument - How to claim tax credits:\n## How to claim\n\nTax credits have been replaced by Universal Credit.\n\nYou can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit or Working Tax Credit if you already get tax credits. You\u2019ll need to update your existing tax credit claim by\u00a0reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.\n\nIf you cannot apply for tax credits, you can apply for Universal Credit instead.\n\nYou might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.\n\n## When to claim\n\nApply as soon as you know you\u2019re eligible so you get all the money you\u2019re entitled to.\n\nYou can claim tax credits at any time of year.\n\n## If you know your income will go down\n\nApply straight away if you know your income will drop to a level that means you\u2019ll be eligible for tax credits.\n\nFor example, you could make a claim now if you found out your income is going to drop in 6 months\u2019 time.\n\nThe income levels for Working Tax Credit and Child Tax Credit are different.\n\nUsually, tax credits are backdated by up to 31 days from the start of your claim.\n\n## Joint claims\n\nYou can apply for tax credits as a single person, or as a couple (known as a \u2018joint claim\u2019) if you\u2019re both 16 or over and living in the UK.\n\nUsually, you must make a joint claim if:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership (and not permanently or legally separated)\n\n- you live with your partner as though you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re temporarily living away from one another, for example looking after a relative or working away from home\n\n- your partner is working abroad for the government\n\nYou might also need to make a joint claim if you and your partner are not married or in a civil partnership, but:\n\n- sometimes live in the same house\n\n- have a joint financial agreement\n\n- have dependent children\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou do not always make a joint claim because you have a partner. For example, make a single claim if:\n\n- you live in the UK but your partner lives abroad (unless your partner works for the government)\n\n- you both live abroad, you\u2019re from the EEA or Switzerland and you work in the UK but your partner does not\n\n## If you\u2019re not sure\n\nCall HM Revenue and Customs to find out if you should make a joint claim.\n\nYou must pay back any tax credits you\u2019re not entitled to if you do not make the right sort of application.\n\n## Backdate a claim\n\nWhen you make a claim, your tax credits are usually backdated automatically by up to 31 days. You do not have to do anything.\n\n## If you\u2019re claiming other benefits\n\nYou have to ask for your tax credits to be backdated if you get:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-based)\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)\n\n- Pension Credit\n\nYou might not get the full backdated claim if you stopped getting one of these benefits in the last 31 days and you\u2019re claiming both Child Tax Credit and Working Tax Credit.\n\n## Backdating by more than 31 days\n\nTax credit claims can sometimes be backdated by more than 31 days if you:\n\n- apply within a month of getting refugee status\n\n- apply within 31 days of qualifying for certain sickness or disability benefits, such as Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment\n\nDo not apply to backdate these claims until you\u2019ve been given a decision on your refugee status or disability benefits.\n\nYou should still apply for other tax credits if you already qualify for them, for example if you have children.\n\n## How to backdate a claim\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming over the phone, call HM Revenue and Customs to ask them to backdate your claim.\n\nIf you\u2019re using claim form, include a page confirming:\n\n- your name, address and National Insurance number\n\n- the date you started work\n\n- the date you started getting one of the benefits listed, if you\u2019re not in work\n\n- the date you got a decision on your refugee status or disability benefits - if you\u2019re applying to backdate by more than 31 days\n\n## What counts as income\n\nUsually, what you\u2019re entitled to is based on your income for the last tax year (6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021).\n\nIncome includes:\n\n- money from employment before tax and National Insurance, including if you cannot work but you\u2019re still getting paid (\u2018on furlough\u2019) - check your P60s, P45s or payslips\n\n- earnings if you\u2019re self-employed before tax and National Insurance, including grants from the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme - check your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- money from some coronavirus (COVID-19) payments\n\n- benefits from your employer (check your P11D)\n\n- certain state benefits\n\n- money from a pension - including your State Pension\n\n- interest on savings\n\n- your partner\u2019s income - if you make a joint claim\n\n- UK company dividends\n\n- profit from a property you own or rent out in the UK\n\n- earnings from the Rent a Room Scheme above \u00a37,500 (or \u00a33,750 if you\u2019re a joint owner)\n\n- payment above \u00a330,000 because your job ended\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has detailed guidance if you need help working out your income.\n\n## Benefits\n\nIncome includes money from UK state benefits (or their foreign equivalents) except income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) or \u2018tax-free\u2019 benefits. Tax-free benefits include:\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n- Personal Independence Payment\n\n- the foreign equivalents of UK tax-free benefits\n\nTo support your claim, keep records of your income, bills, payslips, benefits, tax credits, childcare and child\u2019s education for the current tax year and at least 2 years before that.\n\n## Work out your hours\n\nPut the number of hours you work in a normal week on your claim form.\n\nAdd all your hours together if you have more than one job.\n\nIf you\u2019ve just started work put the hours you expect to work.\n\n| Type of work | How to work out your hours |\n\n| Employed | Include overtime, but not unpaid breaks |\n\n| Self-employed | Include all the time you spend on your business (once you\u2019ve set it up) |\n\n| Seasonal | Put the hours you\u2019re working at the moment |\n\n| Regular term-time | Put the hours you work during term time |\n\n| Agency | Decide your normal hours with your employer |\n\n| On-call | Only count the hours you\u2019re called to work |\n\n| On standby | Do not count the time when you\u2019re not paid |", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-tax-credits", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner and are on a low income and are looking to claim tax credits to top up our income. As a leaving present from my previous employer, I received some shares in the company.", + "original_question": "Do dividends from these shares count towards our income when assessing our claim for tax credits?" + }, + { + "id": "train-313", + "question": "Scenario: I recently fulfilled my dream of setting up a charity aimed at providing hot food for homeless people. We are producing a lot of food each day using both cash donations and food donations from supermarkets\n\nQuestion: Can we get a tax break due to the nature of our business?\n\nDocument - Set up a charity:\n## Set up a charity\n\nThere are 6 steps to setting up a charity.\n\n- Find trustees for your charity - you usually need at least 3.\n\n- Make sure the charity has \u2018charitable purposes for the public benefit\u2019.\n\n- Choose a name for your charity.\n\n- Choose a structure for your charity.\n\n- Create a \u2018governing document\u2019.\n\n- Register as a charity if your annual income is over \u00a35,000 or if you set up a charitable incorporated organisation (CIO).\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nTo get tax relief your charity needs to be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n## Charitable purposes\n\nYour charity must have \u2018charitable purposes\u2019 that help the public (known as being \u2018for public benefit\u2019).\n\nCharitable purposes include things that contribute to:\n\n- relieving poverty\n\n- education\n\n- religion\n\n- health\n\n- saving lives\n\n- citizenship or community development\n\n- the arts\n\n- amateur sport\n\n- human rights\n\n- religious or racial harmony\n\n- the protection of the environment\n\n- animal welfare\n\n- the efficiency of the armed forces, police, fire or ambulance services\n\nRead guidance on writing your charitable purposes.\n\nYou should also read about public benefit to decide if your charity\u2019s aims are suitable.\n\nYou can\u2019t set up a charity to help one specific person.\n\n## Name your charity\n\nYour charity name must not:\n\n- be similar to the name of an existing charity (unless you can prove you need to use it)\n\n- use words you don\u2019t have permission to use, for example a trade mark\n\n- use offensive words or acronyms\n\n- be misleading, for example suggest your charity does something it doesn\u2019t\n\nSearch the charities register to check the names of registered charities. Unregistered charities won\u2019t appear in the register.\n\n## Additional names\n\nYou can use:\n\n- abbreviations, for example National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children is known as NSPCC\n\n- alternative names, for example Comic Relief is a working name for Charity Projects\n\nYou must list any alternative or working names your charity uses when you apply to register.\n\n## Non-English names\n\nYou must include a translation of any non-English words in your charity\u2019s name when you register.\n\n## Using \u2018charity\u2019 in a name\n\nYou can use the words \u2018charity\u2019, \u2018charities\u2019 or \u2018charitable\u2019 in your charity\u2019s name but you need approval from the Charity Commission if you use them when you register a company name with Companies House.\n\n## Structures\n\nYou must choose a structure for your charity, which will affect things like:\n\n- who runs the charity\n\n- how the charity is run\n\n- what the charity can do, for example employ people or own property\n\nThere are 4 common charity structures.\n\n## Charitable company\n\nYour charitable companies will have to be limited by guarantees rather than shares when you register. Select \u2018private company limited by guarantee\u2019 on the form.\n\nTrustees have limited or no liability for a charitable company\u2019s debts or liabilities.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply online to register a charitable company with Companies House.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nFill in the form to register a charitable company with Companies House by post.\n\nIt costs \u00a340.\n\nYou may also need:\n\n- continuation sheets if you need extra space to write\n\n- a Welsh version of the form\n\n## Charitable incorporated organisation (CIO)\n\nA CIO is an incorporated structure designed for charities. You create a CIO by registering with the Charity Commission. You don\u2019t need to register with Companies House.\n\nTrustees have limited or no liability for CIO debts or liabilities.\n\n## Charitable trust\n\nA \u2018charitable trust\u2019 is a way for a group of people (\u2018trustees\u2019) to manage assets such as money, investments, land or buildings.\n\n## Unincorporated charitable association\n\nAn \u2018unincorporated charitable association\u2019 is a simple way for a group of volunteers to run a charity for a common purpose.\n\nUnincorporated charitable associations can\u2019t employ staff or own premises.\n\n## Governing document\n\nYou must create a \u2018governing document\u2019 (or \u2018rulebook\u2019) for your charity that explains how your charity is run.\n\nYour governing document lets trustees and other interested parties find out:\n\n- your charity\u2019s purpose\n\n- who runs it and how they run it\n\n- how trustees will be appointed\n\n- rules about trustees\u2019 expenses\n\n- rules about payments to trustees\n\n- how to close the charity\n\nWhat type of governing document you need depends on your charity structure.\n\nRead guidance on writing your governing document, including example templates.\n\nYou can create your governing document using your own templates but it may mean registration takes longer.\n\nThe trustees must meet to sign the governing document. You\u2019ll need an independent witness if you\u2019re setting up a charitable trust.\n\n## Register your charity\n\nYou must apply to register your charity if:\n\n- its income is at least \u00a35,000 per year or it\u2019s a charitable incorporated organisation (CIO)\n\n- it\u2019s based in England or Wales (the rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll be asked:\n\n- about your charity\u2019s charitable purposes\n\n- how you run your charity for public benefit\n\n- for proof that your charity\u2019s annual income is above \u00a35,000, unless you\u2019re a CIO\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to give your charity\u2019s:\n\n- name\n\n- bank or building society details\n\n- most recent accounts\n\n- contact details, including a postal address\n\n- trustees\u2019 names, dates of birth and contact details\n\n- a copy of your charity\u2019s governing document (in PDF format)\n\n## Proof of income\n\nProof of income, if needed, can be any one of:\n\n- your charity\u2019s latest \u2018published\u2019 annual accounts (in PDF format) - they must have been approved as proof of income by an independent examiner or auditor\n\n- a recent bank statement (as a scanned image)\n\n- a formal offer of funding from a recognised funding body (as a scanned image)", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-charity", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently fulfilled my dream of setting up a charity aimed at providing hot food for homeless people. We are producing a lot of food each day using both cash donations and food donations from supermarkets", + "original_question": "Can we get a tax break due to the nature of our business?" + }, + { + "id": "train-314", + "question": "Scenario: My father left me his farm land in his will. The is quite empty but in overall good shape and I would like to build a new house on it. That way I will have the property that is already there which will continue to be used for farming purposes while I develop a new home for my family. I am from the North-West part of England.\n\nQuestion: Do I need a planning permission and can I apply online?\n\nDocument - Planning permission for farms:\n## When you need it\n\nFarms are covered by the same planning regulations as other types of property. Some planning rules include special conditions for agricultural buildings and land.\n\nYou need planning permission if:\n\n- you want to change how you use your land or buildings from farming to something else\n\n- you want to build a house on the land\n\nYou will also usually need planning permission if you are applying for a grant to fund a project that needs a building or other development.\n\n## When you don\u2019t need it\n\nYou don\u2019t need planning permission:\n\n- for farming operations\n\n- to use buildings already on your land for farming purposes\n\n- to change the inside of a building, or make small alterations to the outside - eg installing an alarm box\n\n- if there are permitted development rights\n\nBefore starting work on the project, always check with:\n\n- your local planning authority in England and Wales\n\n- your local planning authority in Scotland\n\n- you local area planning office in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you don\u2019t get planning permission when you need it you may have to stop work on the development or demolish it.\n\n## Apply for planning permission\n\nIn England and Wales, you can apply online at the Planning Portal.\n\nIn Scotland you can apply online at ePlanning Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you apply for planning permission to your local area planning office.\n\n## Permitted development\n\nPermitted development means that if your farm is 5 hectares or more, you have the right to:\n\n- erect, extend or alter a building\n\n- carry out excavations and engineering operations needed for agricultural purposes - though you may still require approval for certain details of the development.\n\nThe types of permitted development include:\n\n- temporary uses of land\n\n- agricultural buildings below a certain size\n\n- forestry buildings\n\n- caravan sites and related buildings in some circumstances\n\nCheck with your local planning authority (or local area planning office in Northern Ireland) before making use of permitted development rights to make sure your development won\u2019t need planning permission.\n\nThe Agricultural Document Library (ADLib) has policy planning guidance on permitted development and farms.\n\n## Appeals\n\nThe way you appeal and the deadlines for appealing are different depending on which country you\u2019re in. See the relevant planning guide for more information:\n\n- England and Wales\n\n- Scotland", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father left me his farm land in his will. The is quite empty but in overall good shape and I would like to build a new house on it. That way I will have the property that is already there which will continue to be used for farming purposes while I develop a new home for my family. I am from the North-West part of England.", + "original_question": "Do I need a planning permission and can I apply online?" + }, + { + "id": "train-315", + "question": "Scenario: I am planning a major change in how I operate my farming land. It will consist of demolishing several buildings currently used for farming. The new construction will be used as a living space and will include a large gym area, which may later on be made available to the public.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to apply for planning permission?\n\nDocument - Planning permission for farms:\n## When you need it\n\nFarms are covered by the same planning regulations as other types of property. Some planning rules include special conditions for agricultural buildings and land.\n\nYou need planning permission if:\n\n- you want to change how you use your land or buildings from farming to something else\n\n- you want to build a house on the land\n\nYou will also usually need planning permission if you are applying for a grant to fund a project that needs a building or other development.\n\n## When you don\u2019t need it\n\nYou don\u2019t need planning permission:\n\n- for farming operations\n\n- to use buildings already on your land for farming purposes\n\n- to change the inside of a building, or make small alterations to the outside - eg installing an alarm box\n\n- if there are permitted development rights\n\nBefore starting work on the project, always check with:\n\n- your local planning authority in England and Wales\n\n- your local planning authority in Scotland\n\n- you local area planning office in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you don\u2019t get planning permission when you need it you may have to stop work on the development or demolish it.\n\n## Apply for planning permission\n\nIn England and Wales, you can apply online at the Planning Portal.\n\nIn Scotland you can apply online at ePlanning Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you apply for planning permission to your local area planning office.\n\n## Permitted development\n\nPermitted development means that if your farm is 5 hectares or more, you have the right to:\n\n- erect, extend or alter a building\n\n- carry out excavations and engineering operations needed for agricultural purposes - though you may still require approval for certain details of the development.\n\nThe types of permitted development include:\n\n- temporary uses of land\n\n- agricultural buildings below a certain size\n\n- forestry buildings\n\n- caravan sites and related buildings in some circumstances\n\nCheck with your local planning authority (or local area planning office in Northern Ireland) before making use of permitted development rights to make sure your development won\u2019t need planning permission.\n\nThe Agricultural Document Library (ADLib) has policy planning guidance on permitted development and farms.\n\n## Appeals\n\nThe way you appeal and the deadlines for appealing are different depending on which country you\u2019re in. See the relevant planning guide for more information:\n\n- England and Wales\n\n- Scotland", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am planning a major change in how I operate my farming land. It will consist of demolishing several buildings currently used for farming. The new construction will be used as a living space and will include a large gym area, which may later on be made available to the public.", + "original_question": "Do I need to apply for planning permission?" + }, + { + "id": "train-319", + "question": "Scenario: We have filed a patent on Artificial intelligence and noticed someone using it to market their product. We found the person using it and want to resolve the issue quickly\n\nQuestion: Can we make a deal with the other party without going to court ?\n\nDocument - Defend your intellectual property:\n## Overview\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to defend your intellectual property (IP) and to take action if someone\u2019s used it without permission (known as \u2018infringement\u2019).\n\nExamples of IP infringement include when someone:\n\n- uses, sells or imports your patented product or process\n\n- uses all or some of your work under copyright without your permission\n\n- makes, offers or sells your registered design for commercial gain\n\n- uses a trade mark that\u2019s identical or similar to one you\u2019ve registered\n\nYou can take the following steps.\n\n- Get the other party to stop using your IP or come to an agreement with them, for example license your IP.\n\n- Use mediation or another type of dispute resolution.\n\n- Take legal action if you can\u2019t resolve the dispute by other means.\n\nYou may want to get help from an IP professional, such as a solicitor. The Intellectual Property Office (IPO) can also help.\n\n## Report IP crime\n\nIt can be a criminal offence to copy or use copyright material and registered trade marks and designs without permission.\n\nReport suspected IP crime to Trading Standards by contacting Citizens Advice.\n\nYou can also report it anonymously through:\n\n- Crimestoppers\n\n- Action Fraud\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nAn intellectual property (IP) professional can give you legal advice on a dispute, or act on your behalf.\n\nFind an IP professional through organisations including:\n\n- The Chartered Institute of Patent Attorneys\n\n- The Chartered Institute of Trade Mark Attorneys\n\n- The Law Society (England and Wales)\n\n- The Law Society of Scotland\n\n- The Law Society of Northern Ireland\n\n## Contact the Intellectual Property Office (IPO)\n\nYou can contact IPO for:\n\n- an opinion on whether your patent or supplementary protection certificate is being infringed - it costs \u00a3200\n\n- to start legal proceedings over some types of IP dispute (this does not include copyright infringement)\n\n- general advice on IP\n\n## Come to an agreement\n\nIf someone is using your IP without your permission you can contact them and ask them to stop.\n\nYou can be sued for making unjustified threats. You may want to seek legal advice before contacting the other party.\n\n## Make a deal\n\nYou can offer to make a deal with the other party, which is usually cheaper and quicker than going to court.\n\nRead the guidance on how to license, sell, mortgage and market your:\n\n- copyright\n\n- patent\n\n- design\n\n- trade mark\n\nYou can also come to a coexistence agreement with someone who has a similar trade mark.\n\n## Use a mediator\n\nYou can use a mediator if you can\u2019t come to an agreement over an intellectual property (IP) dispute.\n\nMediation can be used in most IP disputes. This includes disputes about:\n\n- trade marks\n\n- copyright\n\n- designs\n\n- patents\n\nMediation is a way of resolving disputes without going to court. It\u2019s cheaper and quicker than taking legal action and the outcome is usually beneficial to all parties.\n\nMediators provide an independent view on a dispute. They can\u2019t make a decision for you, but they can help to find a solution that both parties accept.\n\nDiscussions with a mediator are confidential and can\u2019t be used in court later if the dispute isn\u2019t resolved.\n\n## IPO mediation service\n\nThe Intellectual Property Office (IPO) has its own mediation service.\n\nWhat you will pay for mediation depends on the type and length of mediation session.\n\nRead guidance on IPO\u2019s mediation service, including information on fees.\n\n## Other mediators you can use\n\nYou can also use the:\n\n- Civil Mediation Council (England and Wales)\n\n- Scottish Mediation Network\n\n- Northern Ireland Mediation\n\n## Take legal action\n\nYou can file legal proceedings either through the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) or through the courts.\n\nSome types of proceedings can only be filed through one or the other. For example, copyright infringement claims can only be filed through the courts.\n\nA court will expect you to have tried to resolve your dispute - possibly using mediation - before starting legal proceedings.\n\nYou can pay an Intellectual Property Professional to help you.\n\n## File through IPO\n\nContact IPO for more information on filing through them.\n\n## File through the courts in England and Wales\n\nThe court you go to depends on the nature, complexity and value of your claim.\n\n## Claims below \u00a310,000\n\nUse the Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) small claims track if your claim is for less than \u00a310,000 and for infringement of one of the following:\n\n- copyright\n\n- passing off\n\n- trade marks\n\n- breach of confidence\n\n- unregistered design rights\n\nYou don\u2019t need a lawyer to use the IPEC small claims track.\n\n## Claims up to \u00a3500,000\n\nYou can take a case for any IP right to the Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) if you do not wish to claim more than:\n\n- \u00a350,000 for legal costs\n\n- \u00a3500,000 for damages\n\n## If you\u2019re claiming more than \u00a3500,000 in damages\n\nUse the Chancery Division of the High Court of England and Wales - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.\n\n## File through the courts in Scotland\n\nUse the Court of Session if your claim is complex or valuable - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.\n\n## File through the courts in Northern Ireland\n\nYou can use the Chancery Division of the High Court of Northern Ireland if your claim is complex or valuable - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/defend-your-intellectual-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We have filed a patent on Artificial intelligence and noticed someone using it to market their product. We found the person using it and want to resolve the issue quickly", + "original_question": "Can we make a deal with the other party without going to court ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-321", + "question": "Scenario: I am the owner of a medical devices company, which hopes to patent a revolutionary new testing device in the near future. There will also be a novel medical approach required to make use of this device.\n\nQuestion: Can we patent the medical procedure as well as the medical device?\n\nDocument - Patenting your invention:\n## What you can patent\n\nYou can use a patent to protect your invention. It gives you the right to take legal action against anyone who makes, uses, sells or imports it without your permission.\n\nTo be granted a patent, your invention must be all of the following:\n\n- something that can be made or used\n\n- new\n\n- inventive - not just a simple modification to something that already exists\n\nPatents are expensive and difficult to get. Before you apply, check if a patent is right for your business.\n\n## What you cannot patent\n\nYou cannot patent certain types of invention, including:\n\n- literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works\n\n- a way of doing business, playing a game or thinking\n\n- a method of medical treatment or diagnosis\n\n- a discovery, scientific theory or mathematical method\n\n- the way information is presented\n\n- some computer programs or mobile apps\n\n- \u2018essentially biological\u2019 processes like crossing-breeding plants, and plant or animal varieties\n\n## Before you apply\n\nPatents are the most difficult form of protection to get. Check if a patent is right for your business before you apply for one.\n\nYou should only apply for a patent if:\n\n- your invention is new - check for similar ones by searching published patents, the internet and trade publications\n\n- you have the time and money for the application process\n\nThe application process is:\n\n- complicated - only 1 in 20 applicants get a patent without professional help\n\n- expensive - with professional help, applications typically cost \u00a34,000\n\n- long - it usually takes 5 years\n\nIf you get a patent, you\u2019ll also have to pay to renew it each year and the costs of legal action if you need to defend it.\n\n## Other ways to protect your intellectual property\n\nOther types of protection might be more appropriate for your business. For example, you can use:\n\n- trade marks - if you can create a brand and be first to market\n\n- design rights - if how your product looks (rather than how it works) is important and innovative\n\n- non-disclosure agreements to keep it secret before launch - this can provide enough protection if your product is likely to sell for only a short time\n\n## Getting help\n\nYou can get a professional to help you decide whether a patent is right for your business.\n\nYou may be able to get free advice by:\n\n- speaking to a patent attorney or other professional advisor - many offer basic advice for free\n\n- attending an intellectual property (IP) clinic\n\n- going to the British Library Business and IP Centre in London\n\nThis advice will be confidential.\n\nDo not talk to other people without a non-disclosure agreement, or you may not be able to patent your invention. You can get help with this from a patent attorney or solicitor.\n\n## If you decide to apply\n\nWhen you\u2019ve checked that a patent is right for your business, you should find a patent attorney or advisor. They will:\n\n- help you prepare your application correctly - you cannot add in additional information later\n\n- give you the best chance of being granted a patent\n\n- try to make your patent as commercially valuable as possible\n\nYou may be approached by companies offering to promote your invention for a fee. Get independent legal or financial advice before you agree to anything.\n\n## Applying for a patent\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process. Applications typically cost \u00a34,000 and the process usually takes 5 years. There are 8 steps if you apply for patent protection in the UK through the Intellectual Property Office (IPO).\n\n- Search for similar patents to make sure your invention is new.\n\n- Prepare your patent application.\n\n- File your patent application and request a search from IPO.\n\n- Receive your search report (usually within 6 months) and decide whether you want to continue with your application.\n\n- Your application will be published 18 months after you file it.\n\n- Ask for a \u2018substantive examination\u2019 within 6 months of publication.\n\n- Respond to comments from IPO\u2019s \u2018substantive examination\u2019. The examination may take place several years after you file your application.\n\n- Your application will be granted or refused.\n\nYou can commercially benefit from your patent once it has been granted, for example license, sell or mortgage your patent.\n\nDo not make your invention public before you apply. You may not be able to patent it if you do.\n\n## Other ways to get a UK patent\n\nYou can also file a UK patent application through the:\n\n- European Patent Office (EPO)\n\n- World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)\n\n## Prepare your application\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nA patent application is made up of 4 parts that need to meet specific criteria.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- a description of your invention that allows others to see how it works and how it could be made\n\n- legal statements that set out the technical features of your invention that are to be protected (known as \u2018claims\u2019)\n\n- a summary of all the important technical aspects of your invention (known as the \u2018abstract\u2019)\n\nYou should also include any drawings you need to illustrate your description.\n\nThe fees are higher if your description has more than 35 pages or you include more than 25 claims.\n\nRead the patent application fact sheets for instructions on how to produce each part of your application.\n\nYou have to submit your description and any drawings with your application form.\n\nYou can file your claims and abstract once your patent is pending, but it\u2019s best if you submit all the parts together.\n\n## Academic papers\n\nYou can send academic papers as part of your patent application, to help describe your invention.\n\nYou still need to send a description, drawings and claims.\n\n## \u2018Statement of inventorship\u2019\n\nYou need to complete a statement of inventorship if:\n\n- you\u2019re not the inventor\n\n- there\u2019s more than one inventor and they\u2019re not listed as applicants\n\n- you\u2019re applying on behalf of a company\n\nThe statement provides the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) with more information about who the inventor is and why you have the right to apply for the patent.\n\nSubmit your \u2018statement of inventorship\u2019 online when you apply for a patent, or do it later by filing documents for a pending UK patent.\n\nAlternatively, download the \u2018statement of inventorship\u2019 form and send it with your application.\n\n## Apply for a patent\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nYou can file a UK patent application with the Intellectual Property Office (IPO). Read the patent application fact sheets for instructions on how to produce each part of your application.\n\nYou can apply either:\n\n- online\n\n- by post\n\nYou can request and pay for your search and examination at this point or later in the process.\n\n## Fees\n\n| Stage | Apply online | Apply by post |\n\n| Application (if you pay when you apply) | \u00a360 | \u00a390 |\n\n| Application (if you pay later) | \u00a375 | \u00a3112.50 |\n\n| Search | \u00a3150 (plus \u00a320 for each claim over 25 claims) | \u00a3180 (plus \u00a320 for each claim over 25 claims) |\n\n| Substantive examination | \u00a3100 (plus \u00a310 for each page of description over 35 pages) | \u00a3130 (plus \u00a310 for each page of description over 35 pages) |\n\nIf you get a patent, you\u2019ll also have to pay to renew it to keep it in force.\n\n## Get your patent granted more quickly\n\nYou can get your application processed more quickly if you file your search and examination requests at the same time as you apply.\n\nThis costs the same as applying separately and means they\u2019ll be processed at the same time.\n\nYou may also be able to get a \u2018fast grant\u2019 if, for example:\n\n- your invention has some sort of environmental benefit (green channel)\n\n- you\u2019ve already submitted a patent application for your invention at another patent office (Patent Prosecution Highway)\n\nRead the patents fast grant guidance.\n\n## Request your search and examination\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nAs part of the application process, you must pay for a patent search and a \u2018substantive examination\u2019.\n\nYou can request the search either when you apply or later in the process.\n\nYou must request your search within 12 months of your filing or priority date.\n\nYou must request your examination within 6 months of publication.\n\n## Patent search\n\nThe Intellectual Property Office (IPO) carries out a search to check whether your invention is new and inventive.\n\nYou have to request and pay for your search within 12 months of your filing date or priority date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the results and told if any part of your application is not right.\n\nRead the search report factsheet.\n\nSearch reports can take up to 6 months.\n\n## Publication\n\nYour application will be published 18 months from your filing or priority date, provided it\u2019s complete and passes the search.\n\nThe open part of your application, which includes your address, will be publicly available in the:\n\n- online patents journal on the IPO website\n\n- IPO records\n\n## \u2018Substantive examination\u2019\n\nThe examination checks whether your invention is new and inventive enough. It also checks that your description and claims match and are good enough to patent.\n\nThe examination will show if your application meets the legal requirements. You\u2019ll be told what you need to do if it does not.\n\nYou must request an examination of your patent application within 6 months of publication.\n\nExaminations can take place several years after you file your application.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply online or by post for both the search and examination.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can request your search and examination either:\n\n- with your initial application\n\n- later in the process\n\nYou must request your search within 12 months of your filing or priority date and examination within 6 months of publication.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nDownload the forms:\n\n- search request form\n\n- examination request form\n\nFill in and post the forms. The address is on the forms.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a receipt with your application number and filing date (the date your application is received).\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what to do next and when.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve applied you can mark your invention as \u2018patent pending\u2019 or \u2018patent applied for\u2019. You can either add the patent number and say that you applied for it in the UK, or use a web address instead if the patent number is online.\n\nIf you use a web address, make sure the patent number and the product it relates to are clearly displayed on your website.\n\nIf your patent is granted:\n\n- your application will be published in its final form\n\n- you\u2019ll be sent a certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be responsible for renewing and defending your patent.\n\n## File more documents once your patent is pending\n\nYou may need to file more forms and documents once you have a patent pending (for example a form to request a search, or a document with your claims).\n\nYou must send your claims, abstract, application fee and search fee within 12 months of your filing date.\n\n## If your application includes a \u2018priority date\u2019 from an earlier application\n\nYou must send your claims, abstract, application fee and search fee within whichever of the following is later:\n\n- 12 months of the date when you filed your previous application (the priority date)\n\n- 2 months of your current filing date\n\n## Withdraw your application\n\nYou can withdraw your application for any reason, for example to stop it becoming public.\n\nTo stop your invention entering the public domain you must withdraw your application before it\u2019s published.\n\nYou can ask for a withdrawal up to the day before the deadline given in your search report.\n\n## Withdraw by email\n\nEmail withdraw@ipo.gov.uk with your patent application number in the subject line.\n\nClearly state that you want to withdraw in the body of the email.\n\nState why you have the authority to withdraw the application, for example that you\u2019re the applicant or their agent.\n\n## Withdraw by post\n\nYou can also withdraw by post - mark your request as urgent if there\u2019s less than 3 weeks until publication.\n\n## Make a new application with a priority date\n\nYou can withdraw your application and reapply if you want to change it for any reason, for example if you\u2019ve developed your invention since you first applied or have new information.\n\nYou can use the filing date of your earlier application (known as the priority date) if your new application is made within 12 months.\n\n## Terminated applications\n\nYour application will be terminated if you do not submit the right documents, forms and payment when asked to.\n\nYou may be able to reopen your application if you apply within 12 months of termination.\n\nYou need to be able to show:\n\n- why you failed to meet the requirements\n\n- that the failure was not intentional\n\n- when you became able to meet the requirements\n\nIt costs \u00a3150 to apply - this is not refundable.\n\n## Reopen your application\n\nDownload the reinstatement request form.\n\nSend the form, your fee and any supporting evidence to IPO.\n\nIf your request is granted, you must meet the requirements within 2 months.\n\nYou can ask for an ex parte hearing if you\u2019re turned down, where you can put your case to a senior official.\n\n## International patents\n\nA patent only protects your invention in the country where the patent is registered.\n\nFor protection overseas, you can:\n\n- file a single application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) for protection in more than 140 countries\n\n- file a single application with the European Patent Office (EPO) for protection in more than 30 countries in Europe\n\n- apply separately to the patent office of each country where you want a patent\n\nRead the guidance on filing a patent abroad for basic information on filing for international protection.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/patent-your-invention", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the owner of a medical devices company, which hopes to patent a revolutionary new testing device in the near future. There will also be a novel medical approach required to make use of this device.", + "original_question": "Can we patent the medical procedure as well as the medical device?" + }, + { + "id": "train-322", + "question": "Scenario: I use to live in a country part of the commonwealth and moved to the united kingdom and I'm planning to work in the united kingdom.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to apply to work in the united kingdom?\n\nDocument - Windrush Scheme: get a document showing your right to be in the UK:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re settled in the UK but do not have a document to prove it, you may be eligible to apply to the \u2018Windrush Scheme\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:\n\n- you came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973\n\n- your parents came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973\n\n- you came to the UK from any country before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nYou might also be entitled to apply for citizenship for free if you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen who settled in the UK before 1 January 1973, or you\u2019re the child of someone who did.\n\n## If you suffered losses because you did not have documents\n\nIf you are eligible for this scheme, you might also be able to apply for compensation. The compensation scheme is for losses that happened because you could not show that you had a right to live in the UK.\n\n\u2018Losses\u2019 can be things like not being able to work, find a place to live or get health treatment. They can also include immigration action, like detention or removal from the UK.\n\n## You arrived before 1973 from a Commonwealth country\n\nYou may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen\n\n- you were settled in the UK before 1 January 1973\n\nWhat you\u2019re entitled to depends on whether you:\n\n- have been living in the UK continuously\n\n- left the UK for more than 2 years and came back\n\n- are outside the UK\n\n## If you\u2019ve been living in the UK continuously\n\nIf you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously, or have the right of abode, you can apply for one of the following:\n\n- British citizenship\n\n- evidence you have the right of abode\n\n- a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019ve left the UK for more than 2 years and come back\n\nIf you\u2019ve been away from the UK for more than 2 years at some point and are now lawfully in the UK, you might be entitled to indefinite leave to remain.\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain you might be able to apply for either:\n\n- a document to prove you have this\n\n- British citizenship\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve left the UK and have lost your indefinite leave to remain, you might be entitled to:\n\n- a Returning Resident visa\n\n- a 10 year multiple entry visa\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## You're the child of a Commonwealth citizen who arrived before 1973\n\nYou can apply for British citizenship or a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain.\n\nIf you do not have indefinite leave to remain but are here lawfully, you can apply for it through the scheme.\n\nTo apply, one of your parents must be a Commonwealth citizen and either:\n\n- was settled in the UK before 1 January 1973\n\n- had the right of abode\n\nOne of the following must also be true:\n\n- you were born in the UK\n\n- you came to live in the UK before turning 18\n\nYou must have lived continuously in the UK since arriving (or being born) here.\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## You arrived before 1989\n\nYou can apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if you came to live in the UK before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here.\n\nYou can be of any nationality.\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## How to apply\n\nWhen you apply, the Home Office will work with other government departments to find records of you living in the UK.\n\nNone of your information will be shared with immigration enforcement teams.\n\n## If you\u2019re in the UK\n\nApply using the Windrush Scheme application form (UK).\n\nPost it to the address on the form with your supporting documents.\n\nThe Windrush helpline can post a paper form to you.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYou must apply using an online form.\n\n## Fee\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Windrush taskforce will get in touch with you if they have any questions about your application, or if they need more information.\n\n## Give your fingerprints and photo\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to provide your fingerprints and photo (\u2018biometric information\u2019) once you\u2019ve sent in your form. You will not have to pay anything to do this.\n\n## Commonwealth countries\n\nYou may be eligible for the Windrush Scheme if you arrived in the UK from any country before 1989.\n\nYou may also be eligible if you or your parent is a citizen of one of the following Commonwealth countries:\n\n- Anguilla\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- The Bahamas\n\n- Bangladesh\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Bermuda\n\n- Botswana\n\n- British Antarctic Territory\n\n- British Indian Ocean Territory\n\n- Brunei\n\n- Canada\n\n- Cayman Islands\n\n- Cyprus (excluding the Sovereign base area)\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Falkland Islands\n\n- Fiji\n\n- The Gambia\n\n- Ghana\n\n- Gibraltar\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Hong Kong\n\n- India\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Kenya\n\n- Kiribati\n\n- Lesotho\n\n- Malawi\n\n- Malaysia\n\n- Maldives\n\n- Malta\n\n- Mauritius\n\n- Monserrat\n\n- Namibia\n\n- Nauru\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Nigeria\n\n- Pakistan\n\n- Papua New Guinea\n\n- Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands\n\n- Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha\n\n- Saint Lucia\n\n- Samoa\n\n- Seychelles\n\n- Sierra Leone\n\n- Singapore\n\n- Solomon Islands\n\n- South Africa\n\n- South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands\n\n- Sri Lanka\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Vincent and The Grenadines\n\n- Swaziland\n\n- Tanzania\n\n- Tonga\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- Turks and Caicos Islands\n\n- Tuvalu\n\n- Uganda\n\n- Vanuatu\n\n- Virgin Islands\n\n- Zambia\n\n- Zimbabwe\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Windrush helpline\n\nThe Windrush helpline can:\n\n- help you make a claim\n\n- give extra support to those who need it - for example, elderly or vulnerable claimants\n\n- post a form to you\n\nIf you are outside the UK, email the helpline and request a call back.\n\nOutside of the helpline opening hours, you can leave a message to ask for your call to be returned at a convenient time.\n\nYou can also sign up for email updates about the scheme.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I use to live in a country part of the commonwealth and moved to the united kingdom and I'm planning to work in the united kingdom.", + "original_question": "Do I need to apply to work in the united kingdom?" + }, + { + "id": "train-323", + "question": "Scenario: My parents moved to the united kingdom from a country once ruled by the united kingdom, I plan to stay and work in the united kingdom.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligable to apply to work and live in the united kingdom under the Windrush Scheme?\n\nDocument - Windrush Scheme: get a document showing your right to be in the UK:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re settled in the UK but do not have a document to prove it, you may be eligible to apply to the \u2018Windrush Scheme\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:\n\n- you came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973\n\n- your parents came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973\n\n- you came to the UK from any country before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nYou might also be entitled to apply for citizenship for free if you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen who settled in the UK before 1 January 1973, or you\u2019re the child of someone who did.\n\n## If you suffered losses because you did not have documents\n\nIf you are eligible for this scheme, you might also be able to apply for compensation. The compensation scheme is for losses that happened because you could not show that you had a right to live in the UK.\n\n\u2018Losses\u2019 can be things like not being able to work, find a place to live or get health treatment. They can also include immigration action, like detention or removal from the UK.\n\n## You arrived before 1973 from a Commonwealth country\n\nYou may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen\n\n- you were settled in the UK before 1 January 1973\n\nWhat you\u2019re entitled to depends on whether you:\n\n- have been living in the UK continuously\n\n- left the UK for more than 2 years and came back\n\n- are outside the UK\n\n## If you\u2019ve been living in the UK continuously\n\nIf you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously, or have the right of abode, you can apply for one of the following:\n\n- British citizenship\n\n- evidence you have the right of abode\n\n- a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019ve left the UK for more than 2 years and come back\n\nIf you\u2019ve been away from the UK for more than 2 years at some point and are now lawfully in the UK, you might be entitled to indefinite leave to remain.\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain you might be able to apply for either:\n\n- a document to prove you have this\n\n- British citizenship\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve left the UK and have lost your indefinite leave to remain, you might be entitled to:\n\n- a Returning Resident visa\n\n- a 10 year multiple entry visa\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## You're the child of a Commonwealth citizen who arrived before 1973\n\nYou can apply for British citizenship or a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain.\n\nIf you do not have indefinite leave to remain but are here lawfully, you can apply for it through the scheme.\n\nTo apply, one of your parents must be a Commonwealth citizen and either:\n\n- was settled in the UK before 1 January 1973\n\n- had the right of abode\n\nOne of the following must also be true:\n\n- you were born in the UK\n\n- you came to live in the UK before turning 18\n\nYou must have lived continuously in the UK since arriving (or being born) here.\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## You arrived before 1989\n\nYou can apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if you came to live in the UK before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here.\n\nYou can be of any nationality.\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## How to apply\n\nWhen you apply, the Home Office will work with other government departments to find records of you living in the UK.\n\nNone of your information will be shared with immigration enforcement teams.\n\n## If you\u2019re in the UK\n\nApply using the Windrush Scheme application form (UK).\n\nPost it to the address on the form with your supporting documents.\n\nThe Windrush helpline can post a paper form to you.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYou must apply using an online form.\n\n## Fee\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Windrush taskforce will get in touch with you if they have any questions about your application, or if they need more information.\n\n## Give your fingerprints and photo\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to provide your fingerprints and photo (\u2018biometric information\u2019) once you\u2019ve sent in your form. You will not have to pay anything to do this.\n\n## Commonwealth countries\n\nYou may be eligible for the Windrush Scheme if you arrived in the UK from any country before 1989.\n\nYou may also be eligible if you or your parent is a citizen of one of the following Commonwealth countries:\n\n- Anguilla\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- The Bahamas\n\n- Bangladesh\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Bermuda\n\n- Botswana\n\n- British Antarctic Territory\n\n- British Indian Ocean Territory\n\n- Brunei\n\n- Canada\n\n- Cayman Islands\n\n- Cyprus (excluding the Sovereign base area)\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Falkland Islands\n\n- Fiji\n\n- The Gambia\n\n- Ghana\n\n- Gibraltar\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Hong Kong\n\n- India\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Kenya\n\n- Kiribati\n\n- Lesotho\n\n- Malawi\n\n- Malaysia\n\n- Maldives\n\n- Malta\n\n- Mauritius\n\n- Monserrat\n\n- Namibia\n\n- Nauru\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Nigeria\n\n- Pakistan\n\n- Papua New Guinea\n\n- Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands\n\n- Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha\n\n- Saint Lucia\n\n- Samoa\n\n- Seychelles\n\n- Sierra Leone\n\n- Singapore\n\n- Solomon Islands\n\n- South Africa\n\n- South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands\n\n- Sri Lanka\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Vincent and The Grenadines\n\n- Swaziland\n\n- Tanzania\n\n- Tonga\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- Turks and Caicos Islands\n\n- Tuvalu\n\n- Uganda\n\n- Vanuatu\n\n- Virgin Islands\n\n- Zambia\n\n- Zimbabwe\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Windrush helpline\n\nThe Windrush helpline can:\n\n- help you make a claim\n\n- give extra support to those who need it - for example, elderly or vulnerable claimants\n\n- post a form to you\n\nIf you are outside the UK, email the helpline and request a call back.\n\nOutside of the helpline opening hours, you can leave a message to ask for your call to be returned at a convenient time.\n\nYou can also sign up for email updates about the scheme.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My parents moved to the united kingdom from a country once ruled by the united kingdom, I plan to stay and work in the united kingdom.", + "original_question": "Am I eligable to apply to work and live in the united kingdom under the Windrush Scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-324", + "question": "Scenario: I have just moved to a new area with my partner and our seven year old daughter. Our daughter has Asperger's syndrome and we are concerned as to how she will be able to fit into a new school. Our doctor is prepared to write a letter confirming the diagnosis\n\nQuestion: As my daughter has a non physical disability, will we get more leverage when it comes to selecting a school in our new area?\n\nDocument - School admissions:\n## Choosing schools\n\nIf you live in England contact your local council to find:\n\n- state-funded schools in your area\n\n- admission criteria for the schools you\u2019re interested in\n\nThe process is different if you live in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nYou can also contact your local council to apply for places at state schools in other areas. You can search online to find schools in England.\n\n## Private schools or home schooling\n\nIf you\u2019re looking for a place at a private school (also called \u2018independent schools\u2019), contact the school directly.\n\nYou can also choose to teach your child at home, known as home schooling.\n\n## Children with special educational needs (SEN)\n\nIf your child has SEN, their Education, Health and Care (EHC) plan will name a school for them. The school must give your child a place.\n\nYou can ask your local council to carry out an assessment if you think your child needs additional support with their educational, health and social needs.\n\n## Find out about a primary or secondary school\n\nYou can find out more by:\n\n- visiting the school - most schools have open days\n\n- reading the school\u2019s most recent Ofsted reports\n\n- checking school performance tables\n\n- talking to other parents about what they think of the school\n\n## What schools must publish on their website\n\nSchools\u2019 websites must include:\n\n- admission arrangements, including how to apply\n\n- details of the curriculum\n\n- behaviour policy\n\n- links to Ofsted reports\n\n- links to performance data\n\n- the school\u2019s latest key stage 2 and 4 attainment and progress measures\n\n- their policies for children with special educational needs and disabilities\n\n- the amount of money they get for taking underprivileged children (the \u2018pupil premium\u2019), what they do with it and the effect it\u2019s had\n\nYou can also get advice about choosing state-funded schools from your local council.\n\n## Admission criteria\n\nAll schools have admission criteria to decide which children get places. The school or local council usually set these.\n\nAdmission criteria are different for each school. They may give priority to children:\n\n- who live close to the school\n\n- who have a brother or sister at the school already\n\n- from a particular religion (for faith schools)\n\n- who pass an entrance exam (for selective schools, for example grammar schools)\n\n- who went to a particular primary school (a \u2018feeder school\u2019)\n\n- who are eligible for the pupil premium or the service pupil premium\n\n- whose parent has worked at the school for 2 years or more\n\nYour local council can give you information about schools\u2019 criteria and how to apply.\n\n## Children in care\n\nAll state-funded schools must give top priority to admitting children who:\n\n- are in care or being looked after\n\n- have been in care\n\n## Complain about unfair admission arrangements\n\nContact the Schools Adjudicator if you think a school has unlawful or unfair admission arrangements.\n\nYou need to complain by 15 May of the year before you\u2019re applying for a place. For example, to complain about admission arrangements for September 2021 the deadline is 15 May 2020.\n\n## School starting age\n\nMost children start school full-time in the September after their fourth birthday. This means they\u2019ll turn 5 during their first school year.\n\nFor example, if your child\u2019s fourth birthday is between 1 September 2021 and 31 August 2022 they will usually start school in September 2022.\n\n## If you want your child to start later\n\nIf you do not think your child is ready to start school at the usual time, they can start later - as long as they\u2019re in full-time education by the time they reach \u2018compulsory school age\u2019.\n\nThey can start:\n\n- part time\n\n- part-way through the year\n\n- in the next school year, in the September after they turn 5\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to apply for a school place at the same time as everyone else. You request your child\u2019s later start when you apply.\n\n## If your child starts in the September after they turn 5\n\nYour child will go into year 1. Contact the local council or school if you want your child to start in reception instead. They do not have to agree.\n\n## Compulsory school age\n\nYour child must start full-time education once they reach compulsory school age. This is on 31 December, 31 March or 31 August following their fifth birthday - whichever comes first. If your child\u2019s fifth birthday is on one of those dates then they reach compulsory school age on that date.\n\nFor example, if your child reaches compulsory school age on 31 March, they must start full-time education at the beginning of the next term (summer term that year).\n\nChildren must stay in full-time education until they reach school leaving age.\n\nAll 3 to 4-year-olds in England are entitled to free early education before they start school full time.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFollow your local council\u2019s application process to:\n\n- apply for a primary school place\n\n- apply for a secondary school place\n\nYou must still apply for a place, even if the school is linked to your child\u2019s current nursery, infant or primary school.\n\nApply directly for:\n\n- a 6th form place at a school or college\n\n- a place at a private school\n\n## Moving to another area\n\nYou apply through your local council even if you\u2019re applying for schools in another council area or you\u2019ve just moved to England.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from another country, contact the local council in the area where you\u2019re going to live.\n\nYou may need to:\n\n- supply proof of your new address, for example a mortgage or rental agreement or deeds for the property\n\n- prove that you\u2019ll live in the area before the start of the next school term\n\n## Completing the application\n\nWhen you fill in the form (online or on paper) you\u2019ll be asked to list the schools you\u2019re applying for in order of preference.\n\nListing only one school will not increase your chances of getting a place there.\n\nTo get a copy of the application form on paper, contact your local council.\n\n## When to apply\n\nApplications open on different days in each local council area. Find out from your local council when applications open for primary or secondary schools.\n\n## Applying for a primary school place\n\nYou must apply for a primary school place a year before your child can start school.\n\nApplications open in September and close on 15 January. Your child will be 3 or have just turned 4 when you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply then even if you want your child to start part-way through the year.\n\n## Applying for a secondary school place\n\nThe deadline for applying is 31 October.\n\nYour child is less likely to be offered a place at their chosen schools if you miss the deadline for applications.\n\n## When you\u2019ll find out\n\nCouncils will send offers of school places for:\n\n- primary schools on 16 April\n\n- secondary schools on 1 March\n\nIf either date falls on a weekend or a bank holiday, offers are sent the next working day.\n\nYou must accept the offer by the deadline given in the offer letter. Otherwise it may be withdrawn and the place given to someone else.\n\nThe local council must provide a place at another school, if your child is not offered a place at any of the schools you\u2019ve applied for. This is usually your nearest school with places still available.\n\n## Applying after the start of the school year\n\nContact your local council to find out about applying for a school place once the school year has started (known as in-year applications). They can tell you which schools still have places and how to apply.\n\nOnce your child has been offered a place, they will usually start school at the beginning of the following term.\n\n## School waiting lists\n\nIf your child does not have a place, contact your local council for schools with places.\n\nYou can also put your child\u2019s name down on a waiting list. The \u2018admission authority\u2019 for the school (usually the school itself or the council) must keep a waiting list open for at least the first term of each school year.\n\nContact the school or your local council if you want your child\u2019s name added to a waiting list.\n\nYou can add your child\u2019s name to a waiting list even if they have been offered a place at another school.\n\nIf your child is on a waiting list and the school offers you a place, the admission authority will send you a formal offer. You can still accept the offer even if your child has already started at another school.\n\n## Appealing a school's decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter with the decision about your child\u2019s school. If your child is refused a place, you can appeal against the decision. The letter will tell you how.\n\nYou must appeal against each rejection separately. You can only appeal once against each rejection.\n\n## Preparing your appeal\n\nThe admission authority for the school must allow you at least 20 school days to appeal from when they send the decision letter.\n\nThe admission authority will set a deadline for submitting information and evidence to support your appeal. If you submit anything after the deadline, it might not be considered and may result in delays to your hearing.\n\nCoram Children\u2019s Legal Centre may be able to give you advice about appeals.\n\n## When the hearing will be\n\nThe admission authority must give you at least 10 school days\u2019 notice of the hearing.\n\nAppeals must be heard within 40 school days of the deadline for making an appeal.\n\n## What happens at the appeal hearing\n\nThere\u2019s a panel of 3 or more people at the appeal hearing. The panel must be independent and must follow the school admission appeals code.\n\n- The admission authority will explain why they turned down your application.\n\n- You\u2019ll be able to give your own reasons why your child should be admitted.\n\n- The appeals panel must decide if the school\u2019s admission criteria were properly followed and comply with the school admissions code.\n\n- If the criteria were not properly followed or do not comply with the school admissions code your appeal must be upheld.\n\n- If your reasons for your child to be admitted outweigh the school\u2019s reasons for not admitting any more children at all, your appeal will be upheld.\n\n- You will usually be sent the decision within 5 school days.\n\nYou can read more about school admission appeals.\n\n## Appeals for infant classes\n\nYou need to go through the same process if you\u2019re appealing a decision about an infant class. In reception, year 1 and year 2, the class size is limited to 30. Your application can be turned down if all the classes already have 30 children.\n\nYour appeal could be successful if:\n\n- giving your child a place will not increase the class size above the limit\n\n- the admission arrangements have not been properly followed\n\n- the admission criteria do not comply with the school admissions code\n\n## Complain about the appeals process\n\nYou can complain about the way the appeal was carried out, but you can not complain about the decision itself.\n\n## Maintained schools\n\nComplain to the Local Government Ombudsman.\n\nFill in the online complaint form.\n\n## If a maintained school becomes an academy\n\nIf you complain about an appeal concerning a maintained school that then converts to academy status, the Local Government Ombudsman will investigate it and pass any actions to the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA).\n\n## Other schools\n\nComplain to ESFA about an appeal made to:\n\n- free schools\n\n- academies, including university technical colleges and studio schools\n\nFill in the online complaint form.\n\nUsing the online form is the quickest way to make a complaint. If you need a paper form instead, contact:\n\nYou should get a decision on your complaint within 9 weeks (45 working days). You\u2019ll be told if it\u2019ll take longer.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter explaining the reasons for the decision.\n\nIf ESFA decides something went wrong with the appeals panel, it may:\n\n- ask the school to hold a new appeal hearing with a different panel\n\n- recommend the school reviews its appeals process\n\n## Complain about another school matter\n\nIf you have a complaint about a school that is not related to the appeals process, contact the Department for Education.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/schools-admissions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just moved to a new area with my partner and our seven year old daughter. Our daughter has Asperger's syndrome and we are concerned as to how she will be able to fit into a new school. Our doctor is prepared to write a letter confirming the diagnosis", + "original_question": "As my daughter has a non physical disability, will we get more leverage when it comes to selecting a school in our new area?" + }, + { + "id": "train-325", + "question": "Scenario: We run a charity for helping disabled people. We have a building for all management activities. Recently we have to renovate the building and got a quote from a construction company\n\nQuestion: Do we have to pay VAT on the construction services we receive ?\n\nDocument - VAT for charities:\n## Overview\n\nAs a charity you do not pay VAT when you buy some goods and services.\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) do not qualify for the same VAT reliefs as charities.\n\n## How to get VAT relief\n\nYou must prove to the person who\u2019s selling the goods or services to you that you\u2019re eligible for relief. You do not need to be registered for VAT.\n\n## When you must register for VAT\n\nYou must register for VAT if your charity\u2019s VAT taxable turnover (the total value of everything you sell that isn\u2019t exempt from VAT) is more than \u00a385,000.\n\nYou can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example if you want to reclaim VAT on your supplies.\n\n## Get help with VAT\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have questions about VAT for your charity.\n\n## What qualifies for VAT relief\n\nCharities pay VAT on all standard-rated goods and services they buy from VAT-registered businesses. They pay VAT at a reduced rate (5%) or the \u2018zero rate\u2019 on some goods and services.\n\n## What qualifies for the reduced rate\n\nYour charity pays 5% VAT on fuel and power if they\u2019re for:\n\n- residential accommodation (for example, a children\u2019s home or care home for the elderly)\n\n- charitable non-business activities (for example, free daycare for disabled people)\n\n- small-scale use (up to 1,000 kilowatt hours of electricity a month or a delivery of 2,300 litres of gas oil)\n\nIf less than 60% of the fuel and power is for something that qualifies, you\u2019ll pay the reduced rate of VAT on the qualifying part and the standard rate (20%) on the rest.\n\nQualifying fuel and power includes gases, electricity, oils and solid fuels (such as coal). It does not include vehicle fuel.\n\n## What qualifies for the zero rate\n\nFind out about the conditions you must meet so that your charity pays no VAT (the zero rate) when you buy:\n\n- advertising and items for collecting donations\n\n- aids for disabled people\n\n- construction services\n\n- drugs and chemicals\n\n- equipment for making \u2018talking\u2019 books and newspapers\n\n- lifeboats and associated equipment, including fuel\n\n- medicine or ingredients for medicine\n\n- resuscitation training models\n\n- medical, veterinary and scientific equipment\n\n- ambulances\n\n- goods for disabled people\n\n- motor vehicles designed or adapted for a disability\n\n- rescue equipment\n\n## VAT-free goods from outside the UK\n\nCharities do not pay VAT on goods imported from outside the UK as long as they\u2019re benefiting people in need by providing:\n\n- basic necessities\n\n- equipment and office materials to help run your organisation for the benefit of people in need\n\n- goods to be used or sold at charity events\n\nYou can check which goods you can claim VAT relief for, as well as how to claim.\n\n## How to claim VAT relief\n\nTo get VAT relief you must give your supplier:\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re a charity\n\n- a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming that you\u2019re eligible for the relief\n\n## Evidence of charitable status\n\nThis can be either your:\n\n- Charity Commission registration number\n\n- letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\nScottish and Northern Irish charities must provide their letter of recognition from HMRC.\n\n## Written declaration\n\nYou must give your supplier an eligibility declaration or certificate when they sell you goods or services at zero rate VAT. There are examples of declarations and certificates for different goods.\n\nIf you\u2019re buying building or construction services at zero VAT, the certificate must follow a set format.\n\nThe written declaration or certificate should be separate from the order form or invoice for the goods or services your charity is buying.\n\n## Charities and VAT registration\n\nAs a charity, you must register for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.\n\nYou can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on your supplies.\n\nIf you\u2019re registered for VAT you must send a return every 3 months.\n\n## Work out your taxable turnover\n\nTo work out your VAT taxable turnover add up the total value of everything you sell in a 12-month period that is not:\n\n- exempt from VAT\n\n- outside the scope of VAT\n\nCheck what VAT rate applies to your charity\u2019s activities.\n\n## Exempt from VAT\n\nYou cannot charge VAT on exempt goods and services (such as the provision of welfare services). You cannot normally reclaim VAT on any goods and services purchased in relation to an exempt business activity.\n\nYou cannot register for VAT if all your business activities are exempt from VAT.\n\n## Outside the scope of VAT\n\nIncome from non-business activities is \u2018outside the scope\u2019 of VAT (you cannot charge or reclaim VAT on them). This includes:\n\n- donations where nothing is given in return\n\n- grant funding given to support your charitable activities where nothing is given in return\n\n- activities where your organisation does not make a charge\n\nRead more about what counts as a business activity.\n\n## Charging VAT\n\nOnce you\u2019ve registered you must charge VAT at the correct rate on everything you supply.\n\n## Reclaiming VAT\n\nIf you\u2019re registered you may be able to reclaim VAT when you file your VAT Return.\n\nYou can reclaim the VAT you were charged on goods and services relating to your taxable business activities.\n\n## Exports outside the UK\n\nIf you supply goods outside the UK free of charge (for example as aid), you can treat this as a zero-rate business activity (0% VAT) so you can reclaim the VAT on any associated costs.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-charities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We run a charity for helping disabled people. We have a building for all management activities. Recently we have to renovate the building and got a quote from a construction company", + "original_question": "Do we have to pay VAT on the construction services we receive ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-326", + "question": "Scenario: We are charity to help homeless people. We sell children's toys to raise funds for the charity. We have not registered for VAT and our VAT taxable turnover is \u00a390,000\n\nQuestion: Do we have to register for VAT ?\n\nDocument - VAT for charities:\n## Overview\n\nAs a charity you do not pay VAT when you buy some goods and services.\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) do not qualify for the same VAT reliefs as charities.\n\n## How to get VAT relief\n\nYou must prove to the person who\u2019s selling the goods or services to you that you\u2019re eligible for relief. You do not need to be registered for VAT.\n\n## When you must register for VAT\n\nYou must register for VAT if your charity\u2019s VAT taxable turnover (the total value of everything you sell that isn\u2019t exempt from VAT) is more than \u00a385,000.\n\nYou can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example if you want to reclaim VAT on your supplies.\n\n## Get help with VAT\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have questions about VAT for your charity.\n\n## What qualifies for VAT relief\n\nCharities pay VAT on all standard-rated goods and services they buy from VAT-registered businesses. They pay VAT at a reduced rate (5%) or the \u2018zero rate\u2019 on some goods and services.\n\n## What qualifies for the reduced rate\n\nYour charity pays 5% VAT on fuel and power if they\u2019re for:\n\n- residential accommodation (for example, a children\u2019s home or care home for the elderly)\n\n- charitable non-business activities (for example, free daycare for disabled people)\n\n- small-scale use (up to 1,000 kilowatt hours of electricity a month or a delivery of 2,300 litres of gas oil)\n\nIf less than 60% of the fuel and power is for something that qualifies, you\u2019ll pay the reduced rate of VAT on the qualifying part and the standard rate (20%) on the rest.\n\nQualifying fuel and power includes gases, electricity, oils and solid fuels (such as coal). It does not include vehicle fuel.\n\n## What qualifies for the zero rate\n\nFind out about the conditions you must meet so that your charity pays no VAT (the zero rate) when you buy:\n\n- advertising and items for collecting donations\n\n- aids for disabled people\n\n- construction services\n\n- drugs and chemicals\n\n- equipment for making \u2018talking\u2019 books and newspapers\n\n- lifeboats and associated equipment, including fuel\n\n- medicine or ingredients for medicine\n\n- resuscitation training models\n\n- medical, veterinary and scientific equipment\n\n- ambulances\n\n- goods for disabled people\n\n- motor vehicles designed or adapted for a disability\n\n- rescue equipment\n\n## VAT-free goods from outside the UK\n\nCharities do not pay VAT on goods imported from outside the UK as long as they\u2019re benefiting people in need by providing:\n\n- basic necessities\n\n- equipment and office materials to help run your organisation for the benefit of people in need\n\n- goods to be used or sold at charity events\n\nYou can check which goods you can claim VAT relief for, as well as how to claim.\n\n## How to claim VAT relief\n\nTo get VAT relief you must give your supplier:\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re a charity\n\n- a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming that you\u2019re eligible for the relief\n\n## Evidence of charitable status\n\nThis can be either your:\n\n- Charity Commission registration number\n\n- letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\nScottish and Northern Irish charities must provide their letter of recognition from HMRC.\n\n## Written declaration\n\nYou must give your supplier an eligibility declaration or certificate when they sell you goods or services at zero rate VAT. There are examples of declarations and certificates for different goods.\n\nIf you\u2019re buying building or construction services at zero VAT, the certificate must follow a set format.\n\nThe written declaration or certificate should be separate from the order form or invoice for the goods or services your charity is buying.\n\n## Charities and VAT registration\n\nAs a charity, you must register for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.\n\nYou can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on your supplies.\n\nIf you\u2019re registered for VAT you must send a return every 3 months.\n\n## Work out your taxable turnover\n\nTo work out your VAT taxable turnover add up the total value of everything you sell in a 12-month period that is not:\n\n- exempt from VAT\n\n- outside the scope of VAT\n\nCheck what VAT rate applies to your charity\u2019s activities.\n\n## Exempt from VAT\n\nYou cannot charge VAT on exempt goods and services (such as the provision of welfare services). You cannot normally reclaim VAT on any goods and services purchased in relation to an exempt business activity.\n\nYou cannot register for VAT if all your business activities are exempt from VAT.\n\n## Outside the scope of VAT\n\nIncome from non-business activities is \u2018outside the scope\u2019 of VAT (you cannot charge or reclaim VAT on them). This includes:\n\n- donations where nothing is given in return\n\n- grant funding given to support your charitable activities where nothing is given in return\n\n- activities where your organisation does not make a charge\n\nRead more about what counts as a business activity.\n\n## Charging VAT\n\nOnce you\u2019ve registered you must charge VAT at the correct rate on everything you supply.\n\n## Reclaiming VAT\n\nIf you\u2019re registered you may be able to reclaim VAT when you file your VAT Return.\n\nYou can reclaim the VAT you were charged on goods and services relating to your taxable business activities.\n\n## Exports outside the UK\n\nIf you supply goods outside the UK free of charge (for example as aid), you can treat this as a zero-rate business activity (0% VAT) so you can reclaim the VAT on any associated costs.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-charities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are charity to help homeless people. We sell children's toys to raise funds for the charity. We have not registered for VAT and our VAT taxable turnover is \u00a390,000", + "original_question": "Do we have to register for VAT ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-327", + "question": "Scenario: My 15 year old daughter has been excluded from her school in England due to a bullying incident. She maintains she was innocent and she is actually a good student. She is worried about missing so many days of school and wants to go to the town's library to do some research for a project they were set before her exclusion.\n\nQuestion: Is she allowed to go to the library during her exclusion?\n\nDocument - School discipline and exclusions:\n## Discipline\n\n## School behaviour policy\n\nEvery school has a behaviour policy, which lists the rules of conduct for pupils before and after school as well as during the school day.\n\nThe policy should also say what the school does to prevent bullying.\n\nYou can ask the school for a copy of the policy document.\n\n## Punishments\n\nSchools can punish pupils if they behave badly.\n\nExamples of punishments (sometimes called \u2018sanctions\u2019) include:\n\n- a telling-off\n\n- a letter home\n\n- removal from a class or group\n\n- confiscating something inappropriate for school , eg mobile phone or MP3 player\n\n- detention\n\n## Detention\n\nSchools don\u2019t have to give parents notice of after-school detentions or tell them why a detention has been given.\n\n## Physical contact\n\nSchool staff can use reasonable force to control and restrain pupils. This could include leading a pupil by the arm into a classroom.\n\n## Complaining about a punishment\n\nIf you disagree with the way your child\u2019s been punished, first talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.\n\n## Exclusions\n\nHeadteachers can exclude your child if they misbehave in or outside school.\n\n## What happens when your child is excluded\n\nYour child\u2019s school will let you know about an exclusion as soon as possible. They\u2019ll follow up with a letter telling you how long your child is excluded for and why.\n\nYou should also be told how to challenge the exclusion, if you want to.\n\nExclusions can start on the same day but the school shouldn\u2019t make you collect your child straight away.\n\n## Risk of prosecution if child is found in public place\n\nFor the first 5 school days of an exclusion, it\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child isn\u2019t in a public place during normal school hours unless there is a good reason.\n\nYou might be prosecuted if your child is found in a public place when they\u2019re not supposed to be.\n\nChild Law Advice has more information on what happens when a child is excluded.\n\n## Types of exclusion\n\nThere are 2 kinds of exclusion - fixed period (suspended) and permanent (expelled).\n\n## Fixed period exclusion\n\nA fixed period exclusion is where your child is temporarily removed from school. They can only be removed for up to 45 school days in one school year, even if they\u2019ve changed school.\n\nIf a child has been excluded for a fixed period, schools should set and mark work for the first 5 school days.\n\nIf the exclusion is longer than 5 school days, the school must arrange suitable full-time education from the sixth school day, eg at a pupil referral unit.\n\n## Permanent exclusion\n\nPermanent exclusion means your child is expelled. Your local council must arrange full-time education from the sixth school day.\n\n## Alternative education and exclusion\n\nThe school or local council must tell you about any alternative education they arrange. It\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child attends.\n\n## Making a complaint\n\nIf alternative education isn\u2019t arranged within 5 days, or you\u2019re not happy with the education, you can complain to:\n\n- the school, for fixed period exclusions\n\n- the local council, for permanent exclusions\n\nIf you\u2019re not happy with the response, you can complain to the Department for Education (DfE).\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that you followed the school or council\u2019s complaints procedure.\n\n## Challenging exclusion\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the school telling you what to do if you disagree with the exclusion.\n\nYou can ask the school\u2019s governing body to overturn the exclusion if either:\n\n- your child has been excluded for more than 5 days\n\n- the exclusion means they\u2019ll miss a public exam or national curriculum test\n\nIf the exclusion is for 5 days or fewer, you can still ask the governors to hear your views but they can\u2019t overturn the headteacher\u2019s decision.\n\n## Challenging permanent exclusion\n\nYou\u2019ll be invited to a review meeting with the school\u2019s governors if your child has been permanently excluded. This will happen within 15 school days.\n\nIf the governors don\u2019t overturn the exclusion, you can ask for an independent review by your local council (or academy trust if the school\u2019s an academy). The governors must tell you how to do this.\n\nIf your child is still excluded you can ask the Local Government Ombudsman (or the Education Funding Agency if the school\u2019s an academy or free school) to look at whether your case was handled properly. They can\u2019t overturn the exclusion.\n\n## Discrimination and other complaints\n\nYou can make a claim to a court or a tribunal if you think your child\u2019s been discriminated against. You need to do this within 6 months of the exclusion.\n\nContact the Equality Advisory Support Service for help and advice.\n\nFor more general complaints (eg if you don\u2019t want to challenge the exclusion but you\u2019re not happy with the way the school handled it), follow the normal school complaints process.\n\n## Searches\n\n## Searches without your child\u2019s consent\n\nThe school doesn\u2019t need your child\u2019s consent to search them if they think your child has prohibited items, including:\n\n- weapons, eg knives\n\n- alcohol\n\n- illegal drugs\n\n- stolen goods\n\n- tobacco products, eg cigarettes\n\n- pornographic images (of any kind, eg tabloid topless pictures and \u2018lads\u2019 mags\u2019 as well as extreme adult material)\n\n- fireworks\n\n- anything that has been, or is likely to be, used to cause injury or commit an offence\n\n- anything banned in the school rules\n\nThese things can be confiscated.\n\n## Legal requirements of a search\n\nThere should normally be 2 members of staff present during the search - the person doing the search and the search witness. Searches should normally be done by someone the same sex as your child.\n\nThe search witness must also be the same sex as your child if possible. Your child must not be asked to remove clothes, other than outer clothing like a coat.\n\nIf there\u2019s a risk of serious harm to a person if the search is not conducted immediately, a child may be searched by a person of the opposite sex and without another member of staff present.\n\n## Metal detectors\n\nSchools can make pupils go through a metal detector - they don\u2019t have to suspect that your child has a weapon. If your child refuses to go through the metal detector, they can be stopped from coming into school.\n\n## Complaining about a search\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with a search on your child at school, talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-discipline-exclusions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My 15 year old daughter has been excluded from her school in England due to a bullying incident. She maintains she was innocent and she is actually a good student. She is worried about missing so many days of school and wants to go to the town's library to do some research for a project they were set before her exclusion.", + "original_question": "Is she allowed to go to the library during her exclusion?" + }, + { + "id": "train-328", + "question": "Scenario: All secondary schools in our English county have recently installed metal detectors in a highly controversial move. My 14 year old son is heavily into civil liberties and objects to being required to walk through it.\n\nQuestion: Can my son refuse to go through his school's metal detector?\n\nDocument - School discipline and exclusions:\n## Discipline\n\n## School behaviour policy\n\nEvery school has a behaviour policy, which lists the rules of conduct for pupils before and after school as well as during the school day.\n\nThe policy should also say what the school does to prevent bullying.\n\nYou can ask the school for a copy of the policy document.\n\n## Punishments\n\nSchools can punish pupils if they behave badly.\n\nExamples of punishments (sometimes called \u2018sanctions\u2019) include:\n\n- a telling-off\n\n- a letter home\n\n- removal from a class or group\n\n- confiscating something inappropriate for school , eg mobile phone or MP3 player\n\n- detention\n\n## Detention\n\nSchools don\u2019t have to give parents notice of after-school detentions or tell them why a detention has been given.\n\n## Physical contact\n\nSchool staff can use reasonable force to control and restrain pupils. This could include leading a pupil by the arm into a classroom.\n\n## Complaining about a punishment\n\nIf you disagree with the way your child\u2019s been punished, first talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.\n\n## Exclusions\n\nHeadteachers can exclude your child if they misbehave in or outside school.\n\n## What happens when your child is excluded\n\nYour child\u2019s school will let you know about an exclusion as soon as possible. They\u2019ll follow up with a letter telling you how long your child is excluded for and why.\n\nYou should also be told how to challenge the exclusion, if you want to.\n\nExclusions can start on the same day but the school shouldn\u2019t make you collect your child straight away.\n\n## Risk of prosecution if child is found in public place\n\nFor the first 5 school days of an exclusion, it\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child isn\u2019t in a public place during normal school hours unless there is a good reason.\n\nYou might be prosecuted if your child is found in a public place when they\u2019re not supposed to be.\n\nChild Law Advice has more information on what happens when a child is excluded.\n\n## Types of exclusion\n\nThere are 2 kinds of exclusion - fixed period (suspended) and permanent (expelled).\n\n## Fixed period exclusion\n\nA fixed period exclusion is where your child is temporarily removed from school. They can only be removed for up to 45 school days in one school year, even if they\u2019ve changed school.\n\nIf a child has been excluded for a fixed period, schools should set and mark work for the first 5 school days.\n\nIf the exclusion is longer than 5 school days, the school must arrange suitable full-time education from the sixth school day, eg at a pupil referral unit.\n\n## Permanent exclusion\n\nPermanent exclusion means your child is expelled. Your local council must arrange full-time education from the sixth school day.\n\n## Alternative education and exclusion\n\nThe school or local council must tell you about any alternative education they arrange. It\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child attends.\n\n## Making a complaint\n\nIf alternative education isn\u2019t arranged within 5 days, or you\u2019re not happy with the education, you can complain to:\n\n- the school, for fixed period exclusions\n\n- the local council, for permanent exclusions\n\nIf you\u2019re not happy with the response, you can complain to the Department for Education (DfE).\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that you followed the school or council\u2019s complaints procedure.\n\n## Challenging exclusion\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the school telling you what to do if you disagree with the exclusion.\n\nYou can ask the school\u2019s governing body to overturn the exclusion if either:\n\n- your child has been excluded for more than 5 days\n\n- the exclusion means they\u2019ll miss a public exam or national curriculum test\n\nIf the exclusion is for 5 days or fewer, you can still ask the governors to hear your views but they can\u2019t overturn the headteacher\u2019s decision.\n\n## Challenging permanent exclusion\n\nYou\u2019ll be invited to a review meeting with the school\u2019s governors if your child has been permanently excluded. This will happen within 15 school days.\n\nIf the governors don\u2019t overturn the exclusion, you can ask for an independent review by your local council (or academy trust if the school\u2019s an academy). The governors must tell you how to do this.\n\nIf your child is still excluded you can ask the Local Government Ombudsman (or the Education Funding Agency if the school\u2019s an academy or free school) to look at whether your case was handled properly. They can\u2019t overturn the exclusion.\n\n## Discrimination and other complaints\n\nYou can make a claim to a court or a tribunal if you think your child\u2019s been discriminated against. You need to do this within 6 months of the exclusion.\n\nContact the Equality Advisory Support Service for help and advice.\n\nFor more general complaints (eg if you don\u2019t want to challenge the exclusion but you\u2019re not happy with the way the school handled it), follow the normal school complaints process.\n\n## Searches\n\n## Searches without your child\u2019s consent\n\nThe school doesn\u2019t need your child\u2019s consent to search them if they think your child has prohibited items, including:\n\n- weapons, eg knives\n\n- alcohol\n\n- illegal drugs\n\n- stolen goods\n\n- tobacco products, eg cigarettes\n\n- pornographic images (of any kind, eg tabloid topless pictures and \u2018lads\u2019 mags\u2019 as well as extreme adult material)\n\n- fireworks\n\n- anything that has been, or is likely to be, used to cause injury or commit an offence\n\n- anything banned in the school rules\n\nThese things can be confiscated.\n\n## Legal requirements of a search\n\nThere should normally be 2 members of staff present during the search - the person doing the search and the search witness. Searches should normally be done by someone the same sex as your child.\n\nThe search witness must also be the same sex as your child if possible. Your child must not be asked to remove clothes, other than outer clothing like a coat.\n\nIf there\u2019s a risk of serious harm to a person if the search is not conducted immediately, a child may be searched by a person of the opposite sex and without another member of staff present.\n\n## Metal detectors\n\nSchools can make pupils go through a metal detector - they don\u2019t have to suspect that your child has a weapon. If your child refuses to go through the metal detector, they can be stopped from coming into school.\n\n## Complaining about a search\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with a search on your child at school, talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-discipline-exclusions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "All secondary schools in our English county have recently installed metal detectors in a highly controversial move. My 14 year old son is heavily into civil liberties and objects to being required to walk through it.", + "original_question": "Can my son refuse to go through his school's metal detector?" + }, + { + "id": "train-329", + "question": "Scenario: I live in southern England and am the parent of two children, the eldest of whom is a pupil at a private school. After he experienced a bullying incident we discovered that the school has no formal anti-bullying policy in place.\n\nQuestion: Is it legal for them not to have such a policy?\n\nDocument - Bullying at school:\n## The law\n\nSome forms of bullying are illegal and should be reported to the police. These include:\n\n- violence or assault\n\n- theft\n\n- repeated harassment or intimidation, for example name calling, threats and abusive phone calls, emails or text messages\n\n- hate crimes\n\nCall 999 if you or someone else is in immediate danger.\n\n## Schools and the law\n\nBy law, all state (not private) schools must have a behaviour policy in place that includes measures to prevent all forms of bullying among pupils.\n\nThis policy is decided by the school. All teachers, pupils and parents must be told what it is.\n\n## Anti-discrimination law\n\nSchools must also follow anti-discrimination law. This means staff must act to prevent discrimination, harassment and victimisation within the school. This applies to all schools in England and Wales, and most schools in Scotland.\n\nNorthern Ireland has different anti-discrimination law.\n\n## Reporting bullying\n\nYou should report bullying to your school in the first place - or someone you trust if it happens outside school, for example in a club or online.\n\nTell the police if the bullying involves a crime.\n\n## Schools - reporting bullying\n\nSchool staff will deal with bullying in different ways, depending on how serious the bullying is.\n\nThey might deal with it in school, for example by disciplining bullies, or they might report it to the police or social services.\n\nAny discipline must take account of special educational needs or disabilities that the pupils involved may have.\n\nYou can complain about a school if you think it hasn\u2019t dealt with your concerns.\n\n## Police - reporting bullying\n\nAnyone can make a complaint to the police about bullying but it\u2019s usually a good idea to speak to your school first.\n\nIf you\u2019re reporting cyberbullying, keep a record of the date and time of the calls, emails or texts - don\u2019t delete any messages you receive.\n\nCall 999 if you or someone else is in immediate danger.\n\n## Where to get help and advice\n\nThere are lots of organisations that provide support and advice if you\u2019re worried about bullying:\n\n- Anti-Bullying Alliance\n\n- Bullying UK\n\n- Childline\n\n- The Diana Award\n\n- Internet Matters\n\n- Kidscape\n\n- The UK Safer Internet Centre\n\n- UK Council for Child Internet Safety (UKCCIS)\n\n## Bullying outside school\n\nHead teachers have the legal power to make sure pupils behave outside of school premises (state schools only).\n\nThis includes bullying that happens anywhere off the school premises, for example on public transport or in a town centre.\n\nSchool staff can also choose to report bullying to the police or local council.\n\n## Bullying - a definition\n\nThere is no legal definition of bullying.\n\nHowever, it\u2019s usually defined as behaviour that is:\n\n- repeated\n\n- intended to hurt someone either physically or emotionally\n\n- often aimed at certain groups, for example because of race, religion, gender or sexual orientation\n\nIt takes many forms and can include:\n\n- physical assault\n\n- teasing\n\n- making threats\n\n- name calling\n\n- cyberbullying - bullying via mobile phone or online (for example email, social networks and instant messenger)\n\nYour school should have its own policy to stop bullying.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bullying-at-school", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in southern England and am the parent of two children, the eldest of whom is a pupil at a private school. After he experienced a bullying incident we discovered that the school has no formal anti-bullying policy in place.", + "original_question": "Is it legal for them not to have such a policy?" + }, + { + "id": "train-330", + "question": "Scenario: I am a parent of two young children and am also a governor at my younger child's state school. There have been some incidents of cyberbullying between pupils recently; however, as they didn't take place on school premises the headteacher claims that he lacks the power to intervene.\n\nQuestion: The headteacher says they do not have powers to deal with bullying that occurs outside the school itself. Is it true?\n\nDocument - Bullying at school:\n## The law\n\nSome forms of bullying are illegal and should be reported to the police. These include:\n\n- violence or assault\n\n- theft\n\n- repeated harassment or intimidation, for example name calling, threats and abusive phone calls, emails or text messages\n\n- hate crimes\n\nCall 999 if you or someone else is in immediate danger.\n\n## Schools and the law\n\nBy law, all state (not private) schools must have a behaviour policy in place that includes measures to prevent all forms of bullying among pupils.\n\nThis policy is decided by the school. All teachers, pupils and parents must be told what it is.\n\n## Anti-discrimination law\n\nSchools must also follow anti-discrimination law. This means staff must act to prevent discrimination, harassment and victimisation within the school. This applies to all schools in England and Wales, and most schools in Scotland.\n\nNorthern Ireland has different anti-discrimination law.\n\n## Reporting bullying\n\nYou should report bullying to your school in the first place - or someone you trust if it happens outside school, for example in a club or online.\n\nTell the police if the bullying involves a crime.\n\n## Schools - reporting bullying\n\nSchool staff will deal with bullying in different ways, depending on how serious the bullying is.\n\nThey might deal with it in school, for example by disciplining bullies, or they might report it to the police or social services.\n\nAny discipline must take account of special educational needs or disabilities that the pupils involved may have.\n\nYou can complain about a school if you think it hasn\u2019t dealt with your concerns.\n\n## Police - reporting bullying\n\nAnyone can make a complaint to the police about bullying but it\u2019s usually a good idea to speak to your school first.\n\nIf you\u2019re reporting cyberbullying, keep a record of the date and time of the calls, emails or texts - don\u2019t delete any messages you receive.\n\nCall 999 if you or someone else is in immediate danger.\n\n## Where to get help and advice\n\nThere are lots of organisations that provide support and advice if you\u2019re worried about bullying:\n\n- Anti-Bullying Alliance\n\n- Bullying UK\n\n- Childline\n\n- The Diana Award\n\n- Internet Matters\n\n- Kidscape\n\n- The UK Safer Internet Centre\n\n- UK Council for Child Internet Safety (UKCCIS)\n\n## Bullying outside school\n\nHead teachers have the legal power to make sure pupils behave outside of school premises (state schools only).\n\nThis includes bullying that happens anywhere off the school premises, for example on public transport or in a town centre.\n\nSchool staff can also choose to report bullying to the police or local council.\n\n## Bullying - a definition\n\nThere is no legal definition of bullying.\n\nHowever, it\u2019s usually defined as behaviour that is:\n\n- repeated\n\n- intended to hurt someone either physically or emotionally\n\n- often aimed at certain groups, for example because of race, religion, gender or sexual orientation\n\nIt takes many forms and can include:\n\n- physical assault\n\n- teasing\n\n- making threats\n\n- name calling\n\n- cyberbullying - bullying via mobile phone or online (for example email, social networks and instant messenger)\n\nYour school should have its own policy to stop bullying.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bullying-at-school", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a parent of two young children and am also a governor at my younger child's state school. There have been some incidents of cyberbullying between pupils recently; however, as they didn't take place on school premises the headteacher claims that he lacks the power to intervene.", + "original_question": "The headteacher says they do not have powers to deal with bullying that occurs outside the school itself. Is it true?" + }, + { + "id": "train-332", + "question": "Scenario: I am doing a research on a Machine learning technology. I heard a patent already filed on the research I am doing. I want to use the patent details in my final project.\n\nQuestion: Can I get a photocopy of the details?\n\nDocument - Get copies of patent, trade mark or design registration documents:\n## Overview\n\nYou can get copies of documents if you need to prove who owns or has applied for a UK patent, trade mark or design registration.\n\nThere are 2 types of copy \u2013 certified and uncertified.\n\n## Certified copy\n\nThis is an official document, also called a Certificate of the Registrar.\n\nYou need a certified copy to:\n\n- register a piece of intellectual property (IP) outside the UK\n\n- prove legal ownership of intellectual property, such as in a court case\n\n## Uncertified copy\n\nAn uncertified copy is a photocopy or digital copy of the details on the register. You can use this for research or personal use.\n\n## Request patent documents\n\nUse patents form 23 to apply for either a certified or uncertified copy of a patent.\n\nYou must send a separate form for each certified copy you need, but you can make multiple requests on one form.\n\nFill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.\n\nYou can request uncertified copies of patent documents online.\n\n## How much they cost\n\nCertified copies cost \u00a320 each.\n\nUncertified copies cost \u00a35.\n\nUncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.\n\n## Request trade marks documents\n\nUse form TM31R to get a certified copy of a trade mark.\n\nCertified copies cost \u00a320 each.\n\nFill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.\n\n## Uncertified copies\n\nSend an email to Intellectual Property Office (IPO) sales including:\n\n- the trade mark number\n\n- your telephone number\n\n- the address you want the photocopy sent to\n\nUncertified copies usually cost \u00a35 - large documents may cost more.\n\nUncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.\n\nAfter you email, you\u2019ll get a quote and instructions on how you pay.\n\n## Request design registration documents\n\nUse form DF23 to request a certified copy of a design registration or application.\n\nYou should use one form for each certified copy you\u2019re requesting.\n\nCertified copies cost \u00a330 each.\n\nFill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.\n\n## Uncertified copies\n\nSend an email to Intellectual Property Office (IPO) sales including:\n\n- the design number\n\n- your telephone number\n\n- the address you want the photocopy sent to\n\nUncertified copies usually cost \u00a35 - large documents may cost more.\n\nUncertified copies by email cost a \u00a35 set fee and \u00a31.20 per page.\n\nAfter you email, you\u2019ll get a quote and instructions on how you pay.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-copies-of-intellectual-property-documents", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am doing a research on a Machine learning technology. I heard a patent already filed on the research I am doing. I want to use the patent details in my final project.", + "original_question": "Can I get a photocopy of the details?" + }, + { + "id": "train-334", + "question": "Scenario: My Partner has job as a servant to the crown, which requires her to work abroad.\n\nQuestion: Will my tax credits stop?\n\nDocument - Tax credits if you leave or move to the UK:\n## Your family lives abroad\n\nIf your partner is outside the UK and you do not have children, check the Working Tax Credit guidance for information on whether you can continue to claim.\n\n## You have a child who lives abroad\n\nIf you already get Working Tax Credit and want to add Child Tax Credit to your claim, check if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nIf you already get Child Tax Credit, you may be able to make a claim for an additional child if:\n\n- you are working in the UK\n\n- the child is living in the EEA or Switzerland\n\n- you are supporting the child\n\nYou must also be one of the following:\n\n- an EEA or Swiss citizen who has settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- an EEA or Swiss citizen who had a right to reside in the UK on 31 December 2020\n\n- a family member of an EEA or Swiss citizen (who has settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or had a right to reside in the UK on 31 December 2020) and you are residing in the UK\n\n- a person with dual nationality, one of which is nationality of an EEA country or Switzerland\n\n- covered by any of the other conditions in the Withdrawal Agreement with the EEA and Switzerland\n\nYou usually cannot claim for a child who lives outside the EEA or Switzerland. There\u2019s an exception if your partner is a Crown servant posted abroad.\n\nYou must let HMRC know within a month if your partner or child join you in the UK. This is because your tax credits payments may change.\n\n## Your partner gets benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland\n\nIf you\u2019ve got children and your partner gets benefits paid by an EEA country or Switzerland, this may affect your tax credits. You must tell HMRC if you or your partner are paid benefits by an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\nSome benefits are counted as income, for example benefits paid because of unemployment.\n\n## Going abroad\n\nYour tax credits will stop if you expect to be away for one year or more.\n\nYou may still qualify for tax credits if you go abroad for a short period, for example on holiday or for medical treatment.\n\n| Reason for leaving | How long you can get tax credits for |\n\n| Medical treatment for yourself, your partner or your child | Up to 12 weeks |\n\n| Death of your partner, a child or close relative of either you or your partner | Up to 12 weeks |\n\n| Any other reason, for example holidays or business | Up to 8 weeks |\n\nIf your trip is going to last longer than 8 or 12 weeks, contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within a month. Your tax credits will end unless:\n\n- you get UK benefits or State Pension and you live in another European country with a child\n\n- you work and pay National Insurance contributions in the UK, but your family lives in another European country\n\n## You live outside the UK\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if you\u2019re a Crown servant posted overseas or you live abroad with your child and get UK benefits or the State Pension.\n\n## You\u2019re a Crown servant posted overseas\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits, just as if you were living in the UK. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will treat you as being in the UK if any of the following applies:\n\n- you are, or were just before you were posted abroad, \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve had a series of postings abroad, with no breaks in between - and you are or were \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK immediately before the first of those postings\n\n- you were in the UK just before you were posted abroad and the reason you were in the UK was connected to your posting - this can apply to a single posting or to a series of postings\n\n## Ordinarily resident\n\nOrdinarily resident means you normally live in the UK, and plan to stay here for the time being. When HMRC decides if you\u2019re ordinarily resident in the UK they\u2019ll look at things like:\n\n- where your settled home is\n\n- where your close family live\n\n- why you came to the UK\n\n- if you plan to leave the UK permanently in the next 2 or 3 years\n\n## Your partner\u2019s a Crown servant posted overseas\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if your partner\u2019s a Crown servant posted outside the UK and you:\n\n- live with your partner while they work abroad\n\n- live in the UK while your partner works abroad\n\nYou do not need to be ordinarily resident in the UK during the time you\u2019re with your Crown servant partner overseas.\n\n## You have a child - and get UK benefits or State Pension\n\nIf none of the sections above apply to you, you may continue to get Child Tax Credit (or add it to an existing Working Tax Credit claim) if you and your child live in a European Union (EU) member state and you get State Pension or one of the following benefits:\n\n- Incapacity Benefit\n\n- State Pension\n\n- Widow\u2019s Benefit\n\n- Bereavement Benefit\n\n- Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit\n\n- contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Severe Disablement Allowance\n\nYou will not be able to get Child Tax Credit if you do not live in an EU member state, unless you (or your partner) are a Crown servant posted abroad.\n\n## Moving to the UK\n\nYou must have been living in the UK for 3 months before you were eligible to claim Child Tax Credit if you moved to the UK on or after 1 July 2014 and do not have a job. This does not apply if you:\n\n- are a family member of someone who works or is self-employed\n\n- are a refugee\n\n- have been granted discretionary leave to enter or stay in the UK and you can get benefits\n\n- have been given leave to stay as a displaced person and you can get benefits\n\n- have been given to leave to stay and have applied for settlement as a victim of domestic violence\n\n- have been granted humanitarian protection\n\n- were made redundant in the UK (or your family member was) and you\u2019re looking for a job or in training\n\n- were working in the UK before but temporarily cannot work because of your health or an accident\n\n- have been abroad for less than a year but usually live in the UK and were claiming Child Tax Credits before moving\n\n- have been abroad for less than a year but usually live in the UK and were in the UK for at least 3 months before moving\n\n- paid Class 1 or Class 2 National Insurance contributions while you were working abroad, and paid these in the 3 month period before returning to the UK\n\n## Cross-border workers\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if you regularly travel from:\n\n- another country to work in the UK\n\n- the UK to work in another country\n\n## Working Tax Credit\n\nYou may continue to get Working Tax Credit if you live in:\n\n- an EEA country (including Switzerland) and work in the UK\n\n- the UK and work in an EEA country (including Switzerland)\n\n## Child Tax Credit\n\nYou and your partner - if you have one - may continue to get Child Tax Credit for your children if:\n\n- you work in the UK\n\n- you pay National Insurance as a worker here\n\n- your child lives in an EEA country or in Switzerland\n\n- your child is living with your partner or someone else and they depend on you to support them\n\nYou usually cannot claim for a child who lives outside the EEA or Switzerland. There\u2019s an exception if your partner is a Crown servant posted abroad.\n\n## Childcare costs\n\nYou can usually claim help for your childcare costs through the childcare element of Working Tax Credit.\n\nTo qualify your children must either:\n\n- be in registered or approved childcare in the UK\n\n- be in childcare approved by a Ministry of Defence accreditation scheme abroad - if you\u2019re a Crown servant posted abroad\n\n## Immigration control\n\nYou usually cannot get tax credits if you\u2019re \u2018subject to immigration control\u2019, although there are some exceptions. You\u2019ll still need to meet the other qualifying rules, for example work the right number of hours.\n\nWhen you arrived in the UK your passport may have been stamped. The stamp shows the conditions of your stay in the UK, for example \u2018no recourse to public funds\u2019. Public funds include tax credits and most benefits.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if:\n\n- your partner lives in the UK and is not subject to immigration control\n\n- one of the examples below applies to you or your partner\n\n## You have permission to stay in the UK because someone else supports you\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if someone else is responsible for your maintenance while you\u2019re in the UK. This means they pay for your upkeep and provide you with somewhere to live. This person is often called your \u2018sponsor\u2019, and could be a friend, employer or relative.\n\nAll of the following must apply:\n\n- your sponsor has given the Home Office a written statement saying that they\u2019re sponsoring you\n\n- your sponsor has permission to stay in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living permanently in the UK for at least 5 years, either since you came into the UK or since you started being sponsored (whichever date is later)\n\nYou may also continue to get tax credits if you\u2019ve been living in the UK for fewer than 5 years, but:\n\n- your sponsor has died\n\n- all your sponsors - if you had more than one - have died\n\n## You\u2019re from Albania, Morocco, San Marino or Tunisia\n\nYou cannot get Working Tax Credit.\n\nYou may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you\u2019re either working in the UK or you\u2019re not working because you\u2019re:\n\n- retired\n\n- pregnant or looking after children\n\n- sick or disabled or your partner has died\n\n## You\u2019re from Turkey\n\nTo continue to get Working Tax Credit you need to be lawfully present in the UK and a Turkish national.\n\nYou may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you\u2019re either working in the UK or you\u2019re not working because you\u2019re:\n\n- retired\n\n- pregnant or looking after children\n\n- sick or disabled or your partner has died\n\n## You\u2019re from North Macedonia\n\nYou may continue to get Working Tax Credit if you\u2019re a national of North Macedonia. You\u2019ll need to be lawfully present in the UK.\n\nYou cannot normally get Child Tax Credit. However, you may continue to if you\u2019ve been getting payments for your children through Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## You claimed asylum before 5 February 2006\n\nYou may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you received financial support for your children through Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-if-moving-country-or-travelling", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Partner has job as a servant to the crown, which requires her to work abroad.", + "original_question": "Will my tax credits stop?" + }, + { + "id": "train-335", + "question": "Scenario: I own a home and energy bills are always high. When I hired a engineer to assess why my energy bills are high. He mentioned the problem is because of insulation. I can't afford to replace the insulation\n\nQuestion: Can I get a loan to replace the insulation ?\n\nDocument - Green Deal: energy saving for your home:\n## Overview\n\nThe Green Deal helps you make energy-saving improvements to your home and to find the best way to pay for them.\n\nThe improvements that could save you the most energy depend on your home, but typical examples include:\n\n- insulation, such as solid wall, cavity wall or loft insulation\n\n- heating\n\n- draught-proofing\n\n- double glazing\n\n- renewable energy generation, such as solar panels or heat pumps\n\n## If you need help paying for home improvements\n\nYou may be able to get a loan through the Green Deal, but you\u2019ll have to pay this back.\n\n## Find out if your home will benefit\n\nThere are various ways to check if your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements:\n\n- use the Energy Efficiency Calculator to find out how you can reduce your energy bills\n\n- check which home energy grants you might be able to apply for\n\n- talk to a Green Deal assessor or provider\n\nThe Green Deal may be right for you if you think your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements.\n\nYou can also talk to Simple Energy Advice if you\u2019re in England or Wales, or Home Energy Scotland if you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nFind out about call charges\n\nThe Green Deal is not available in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Green Deal mark\n\nAll Green Deal organisations must be authorised. Look for the quality mark, which is a green house with a tick on the roof.\n\nYou can also check if a Green Deal company is genuine.\n\n## Improvements and benefits to your home\n\nAny household with an electricity meter (including prepayment meters) in England, Scotland or Wales can use the scheme.\n\nBoth the landlord and the tenant must agree to the improvements if the building is rented.\n\n## Eligible improvements\n\nYou can use the Green Deal for a range of different energy saving measures including:\n\n- replacing windows and doors\n\n- installing secondary glazing\n\n- using energy efficient lighting\n\n- insulating your loft or walls\n\n- adding draught proofing\n\n- upgrading your heating\n\n- generating renewable energy from sources such as wind or solar power\n\nBut only if your Green Deal assessment recommends them.\n\n## Get an assessment\n\nYou must get your property assessed to use the Green Deal. Contact a Green Deal assessor or ask a Green Deal provider to find an assessor for you.\n\nYou may have to pay for an assessment. The assessor must tell you the fee in advance.\n\n## What to expect from an assessment\n\nA Green Deal assessor will visit your home, talk to you about your property and your energy use and help you decide if you could benefit from Green Deal improvements.\n\n## When you book\n\nYou may be asked if:\n\n- you own or rent the property\n\n- your home is a listed building, in a conservation area, built before 1900 or constructed in a non-traditional way\n\n- there are access issues, such as access to your loft\n\n- you can provide bills showing your recent energy use\n\n## When the assessor visits\n\nYou may be asked:\n\n- how many people live in your home\n\n- what type of heating and appliances you use\n\n- how often you use your heating\n\n- what energy-saving measures are already installed\n\n## After the visit\n\nYou\u2019ll get a document, called a Green Deal advice report, that contains:\n\n- an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) that rates your home for energy efficiency\n\n- an occupancy assessment that measures how much energy you and other occupiers are using\n\n- improvements your assessor recommends\n\n- an estimate of the money you could save on your annual energy bills\n\n- a statement on whether the improvements will pay for themselves through reduced energy costs\n\nA Green Deal advice report is valid for 10 years, or until you make changes or energy saving improvements to the property, for example you build an extension or change the windows.\n\nThe actual savings will depend on how much energy you use and the future cost of energy.\n\n## What to do next\n\nYou decide:\n\n- if you want to get the work done\n\n- how you want to pay\n\n## Getting the work done\n\nHow you decide to get the work done will affect your options for how you pay for the work.\n\nAfter you get a Green Deal advice report, you can:\n\n- ask a Green Deal provider to arrange installation and pay for the work yourself\n\n- ask a Green Deal provider to arrange installation and a Green Deal finance plan to pay for the work\n\n- get your own installers to fit the improvements and pay for them yourself\n\n- pay for the work in more than one way, like using a Green Deal finance plan or money of your own\n\nSome companies provide all the services for a Green Deal package - assessment, finance and installation. You can choose to use a different company for each service.\n\n## Get a quote\n\nGive a provider or installer your Green Deal advice report.\n\nProviders will give you a quote and arrange the installers for you. Installers will quote to do the work themselves. A quote from a provider will include the repayment terms if you\u2019re paying with a finance plan.\n\nYou can get more than one quote and you can choose which improvements you want.\n\nYou can ask the provider or installer if you or your property qualify to combine the Green Deal with these other schemes:\n\n- Affordable Warmth Obligation - help from your energy company to improve your home if you\u2019re on certain benefits or a low income, or for certain hard-to-treat properties\n\n- Feed-in Tariffs - payments from your energy provider if you generate your own electricity (such as through solar panels or a wind turbine)\n\n- Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) - payments for generation and use of renewable energy to heat buildings\n\n- any scheme run by your Local Authority - contact your Local Authority for information\n\n## Agree the work\n\nPick the provider or installer you want to do the work.\n\nThe provider will write you a contract called a Green Deal finance plan if you choose to pay with Green Deal finance. The plan will contain:\n\n- an outline of the work that will be done\n\n- any financial help you can get from other schemes\n\n- the repayments and interest rate\n\n- information on other incentives you can access, such as Feed-in Tarrifs\n\n- information on warranties and guarantees\n\nYour Green Deal repayments will be automatically added to your electricity bill if you have chosen to take Green Deal finance.\n\n## Complaints\n\nYou can complain about your Green Deal.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay in advance, get a Green Deal finance plan, or use other schemes to fund the work. You can also combine ways to pay.\n\n## Getting a Green Deal finance plan\n\nFinance plans are offered by approved Green Deal providers.\n\nGive your Green Deal assessment to providers you want to get a quote from.\n\nYour provider will find an installer for you.\n\nYou can only get a finance plan for improvements recommended in your Green Deal assessment.\n\nEach provider must tell you:\n\n- how much you\u2019ll pay back\n\n- how long you\u2019ll pay for\n\n## What you can borrow and how much you\u2019ll pay\n\nYou can get finance for an amount based on what you\u2019ll be expected to save on your energy bills.\n\nThe annual repayments on the loan should not be more than the savings you might make on your energy bills.\n\nThere\u2019s no set interest rate. Your interest rate will be determined by the amount of your finance plan. Check with your provider for rates and fees.\n\nThe interest rate is fixed for the full term of the plan so your repayments will be fixed.\n\n## How you pay\n\nYou pay back the loan through a charge added to your electricity bill. If you have a prepayment meter, a small amount will be taken from the meter each day.\n\nThis is because the Green Deal stays with the property. If you move, you no longer benefit from the improvements and therefore stop paying for them.\n\nYou can pay off your Green Deal early, but you might be charged a fee - check with your provider.\n\n## Moving into a property with a Green Deal\n\nIf you move into a property with a Green Deal, the landlord or seller must show you a copy of the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC). This will explain what improvements have been made and how much you\u2019ll need to repay.\n\nThe person who pays the electricity bill pays the money back.\n\nYou can change electricity supplier if the new supplier is participating in the Green Deal.\n\n## Get more information\n\nContact the Green Deal provider if you have specific questions about the improvements, warranties or repayments.\n\nYou can get general information from Simple Energy Advice if you\u2019re in England or Wales, or Home Energy Scotland if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\nFind out about call charges", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a home and energy bills are always high. When I hired a engineer to assess why my energy bills are high. He mentioned the problem is because of insulation. I can't afford to replace the insulation", + "original_question": "Can I get a loan to replace the insulation ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-338", + "question": "Scenario: My business does construction work on multiple sites across the UK. We often utilize landfill to throw away rocks, cement and other similar materials.\n\nQuestion: Do we have to pay the Standard rate under the Landfill Tax?\n\nDocument - Environmental taxes, reliefs and schemes for businesses:\n## Overview\n\nEnvironmental taxes encourage your business to operate in a more environmentally friendly way. There are taxes and schemes for different types and size of business.\n\nYou may get reliefs or be exempt from some taxes, for example if:\n\n- you use a lot of energy because of the nature of your business\n\n- you\u2019re a small business that does not use much energy\n\n- you buy energy-efficient technology for your business\n\nYou can pay less tax by applying for schemes to help you demonstrate that you\u2019re operating more efficiently and producing waste that\u2019s less damaging.\n\n## Climate Change Levy\n\nClimate Change Levy (CCL) is paid at either the:\n\n- main rates\n\n- carbon price support (CPS) rates\n\n## Main rates\n\nYou pay CCL at the main rate on:\n\n- electricity\n\n- gas\n\n- solid fuels - like coal, lignite, coke and petroleum coke\n\nThe CCL main rates are listed on your business\u2019s energy bill.\n\nThere\u2019s more detailed information on Climate Change Levy rates and allowances.\n\n## Who it applies to\n\nYou pay the main rates of CCL if your business is in one of the following sectors:\n\n- industrial\n\n- commercial\n\n- agricultural\n\n- public services\n\nYou do not pay the main rate of CCL on certain supplies, for example if you\u2019re a:\n\n- business that uses small amounts of energy\n\n- domestic energy user\n\n- charity engaged in non-commercial activities\n\n## Fuels that are exempt\n\nElectricity, gas and solid fuel are normally exempt from the main rates of CCL if any of the following apply:\n\n- they will not be used in the UK\n\n- they\u2019re supplied to or from certain combined heat and power (CHP) schemes registered under the CHP quality assurance (CHPQA) programme\n\n- the electricity was generated from renewable sources before 1 August 2015\n\n- they\u2019re used to produce electricity in a generating station which has a capacity of 2MW or greater\n\n- they will not be used as fuel\n\n- they\u2019re used in certain forms of transport\n\nThere are other exemptions and reliefs.\n\n## Pay a reduced rate\n\nYou can get a reduction on the main rates of CCL if you\u2019re an energy intensive business and have entered into a climate change agreement (CCA) with the Environment Agency.\n\nEnergy intensive businesses can get a 90% reduction for electricity and a 65% reduction for gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), coal and other solid fuel.\n\nCheck if your business is eligible. Your industry trade association can also give advice.\n\n## Carbon price support rates\n\nThe CPS rates of CCL encourage industry to use low carbon technology for producing electricity.\n\nYou pay CPS rates for:\n\n- gas\n\n- LPG\n\n- coal and other solid fossil fuels\n\n## Who pays CPS rates\n\nThe CPS rates of CCL are paid by owners of electricity generating stations and operators of combined heat and power (CHP) stations.\n\nCertain suppliers do not have to pay CPS rates. These include small generators, stand-by generators and generating stations in Northern Ireland.\n\n## CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme\n\nThe CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme (formerly known as the \u2018Carbon Reduction Commitment\u2019) covers large, non-energy-intensive organisations, for example:\n\n- supermarkets\n\n- hotels\n\n- water companies\n\n- banks\n\n- local authorities, including state-funded schools\n\n- all central government departments\n\n## How it works\n\nYou should already be registered if your business qualifies for the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme. You must now:\n\n- monitor and report your CO2 emissions from gas and electricity use\n\n- buy enough allowances to cover your annual emissions and surrender them at the end of the year\n\n## If you need more help\n\nThere\u2019s more detailed guidance on the scheme if you\u2019re in England or Wales.\n\n## Emissions trading\n\nThe EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) affects businesses from energy-intensive sectors - like the energy industry and certain manufacturers.\n\nIt lets you buy and sell greenhouse gas emission allowances to reduce your organisation\u2019s environmental impact.\n\nLarge organisations not covered by the EU ETS are covered by another scheme called the CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme.\n\n## How it works\n\nIf your business is covered by the EU ETS you must meet targets by:\n\n- cutting your business emissions\n\n- trading emissions allowances\n\nYou\u2019ll need to open an EU Registry account so you can trade allowances. You can then trade allowances by:\n\n- trading directly with other businesses\n\n- buying or selling from intermediaries, for example banks and specialist traders\n\n- using the services of a broker\n\n- joining one of the several exchanges that list carbon allowance products\n\n- bidding at UK government or other EU member state auctions\n\n## Calculate your greenhouse gas emissions\n\nWork out your greenhouse gas emissions by multiplying the amount of energy you use by the (emissions they produce). You need to do this for each type of energy you use.\n\nTo do this, you need to know:\n\n- how much non-renewable energy you\u2019ve used - this information can be found on your gas, electricity and water bills, invoices and receipts\n\n- the greenhouse gases produced by each type of energy (the \u2018emission factor\u2019) - these are updated every year\n\nYou can calculate your carbon emissions online.\n\n## Capital allowances on energy-efficient items\n\nYou can claim capital allowances when you buy energy efficient, or low or zero-carbon technology for your business. This reduces the amount of tax you pay.\n\n## Landfill Tax\n\nYou pay tax on top of your normal landfill fees if your business gets rid of waste using landfill sites.\n\nIf you get rid of waste at sites not authorised for landfill, you\u2019ll be charged Landfill Tax. You may also have to pay a penalty or be taken to court.\n\n## Landfill operators - what you must do\n\nYou need to:\n\n- get a permit\n\n- register within 30 days of setting up - if you do not you can be fined\n\n## What to pay\n\nThe tax is charged by weight. There are 2 rates. You pay the lower rate on \u2018inactive waste\u2019 - for example rocks or soil.\n\n| Rate | Amount you pay |\n\n| Lower rate | \u00a33.10 per tonne |\n\n| Standard rate | \u00a396.70 per tonne |\n\n## Loss on Ignition (LOI) testing regime\n\nIf your landfill site accepts waste fines, you may need to carry out a loss on ignition test to help determine the rate of tax to pay.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not have to pay Landfill Tax on:\n\n- dredging activities\n\n- quarrying and mining\n\n- pet cemeteries\n\n- inactive waste used for filling quarries\n\nYou can get tax credits if you send waste from landfill to be recycled, incinerated or reused.\n\n## Aggregates Levy\n\nThis is a tax on sand, gravel and rock that\u2019s either been:\n\n- dug from the ground\n\n- dredged from the sea in UK waters\n\n- imported\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou must register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your business exploits aggregate in the UK, for example if you\u2019re a quarry operator.\n\nEvery quarter, you must tell HMRC how much aggregate you\u2019ve produced or sold.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nYou pay tax of \u00a32 per tonne of sand, gravel or rock. You pay less on smaller amounts, for example \u00a31 on half a tonne. You still pay tax if you import the materials.\n\n## Reliefs\n\nYou can get tax relief if you export aggregates or use them in some industrial or agricultural processes. If you do not use the material as aggregate it may be eligible for relief.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nCertain materials are excluded from the tax, for example soil, vegetable or other organic matter.\n\n## If you need more help\n\nThere\u2019s more detailed guidance on Aggregates Levy or you can contact the helpline.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-taxes-and-reliefs", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My business does construction work on multiple sites across the UK. We often utilize landfill to throw away rocks, cement and other similar materials.", + "original_question": "Do we have to pay the Standard rate under the Landfill Tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-340", + "question": "Scenario: I own a property and was approached by my local religious community registered as a charity to use my property for religious gathering. Now I am thinking to donate the property to charity\n\nQuestion: Do I have to pay tax on the property I donate to charity ?\n\nDocument - Tax relief when you donate to a charity:\n## Overview\n\nDonations by individuals to charity or to community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) are tax free. This is called tax relief.\n\nThe tax goes to you or the charity. How this works depends on whether you donate:\n\n- through Gift Aid\n\n- straight from your wages or pension through a Payroll Giving scheme\n\n- land, property or shares\n\n- in your will\n\nThis also applies to sole traders and partnerships. There are different rules for limited companies.\n\nIf you want to donate to a sports club, check if it\u2019s registered as a community amateur sports club (CASC). You cannot donate to a CASC through Payroll Giving.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep a record of your donations if you want to take them off your total taxable income.\n\n## Gift Aid\n\nDonating through Gift Aid means charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) can claim an extra 25p for every \u00a31 you give. It will not cost you any extra.\n\nCharities can claim Gift Aid on most donations, but some payments do not qualify.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou need to make a Gift Aid declaration for the charity to claim. You usually do this by filling in a form - contact the charity if you have not got one.\n\nYou must give a declaration to each charity you want to donate to through Gift Aid.\n\nYou can include all donations from the last 4 years. Tell the charity about any tax years where you did not pay enough tax.\n\n## Paying enough tax to qualify for Gift Aid\n\nYour donations will qualify as long as they\u2019re not more than 4 times what you have paid in tax in that tax year (6 April to 5 April).\n\nThe tax could have been paid on income or capital gains.\n\nYou must tell the charities you support if you stop paying enough tax.\n\n## Higher rate taxpayers\n\nIf you pay tax above the basic rate, you can claim the difference between the rate you pay and basic rate on your donation. It\u2019s the same if you live in Scotland. Do this either:\n\n- through your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- by asking HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to amend your tax code\n\nWith Payroll Giving, you do not pay the difference between the higher and basic rate of tax on your donation.\n\n## Getting tax relief sooner\n\nIn your Self Assessment tax return, you normally only report things from the previous tax year.\n\nBut for Gift Aid, you can also claim tax relief on donations you make in the current tax year (up to the date you send your return) if you either:\n\n- want tax relief sooner\n\n- will not pay higher rate tax in current year, but you did in the previous year\n\nYou cannot do this if:\n\n- you miss the deadline\n (31 January if you file online)\n\n- your donations do not qualify for Gift Aid - your donations from both tax years together must not be more than 4 times what you paid in tax in the previous year\n\nIf you do not have to send a tax return, contact HMRC and ask for a P810 form. You\u2019ll need to submit it by 31 January after the end of the previous tax year.\n\n## Donating straight from your wages or pension\n\nIf your employer, company or personal pension provider runs a Payroll Giving scheme, you can donate straight from your wages or pension. This happens before tax is deducted from your income.\n\nAsk your employer or pension provider if they run a Payroll Giving scheme.\n\nYou cannot donate to a community amateur sports club (CASC) through Payroll Giving.\n\nThe tax relief you get depends on the rate of tax you pay. To donate \u00a31, you pay:\n\n- 80p if you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer\n\n- 60p if you\u2019re a higher rate taxpayer\n\n- 55p if you\u2019re an additional rate taxpayer\n\nThe tax relief you get is different if you live in Scotland. To donate \u00a31, you pay:\n\n- 81p if you\u2019re a starter rate taxpayer\n\n- 80p if you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer\n\n- 79p if you\u2019re a intermediate rate taxpayer\n\n- 59p if you\u2019re a higher rate taxpayer\n\n- 54p if you\u2019re a top rate taxpayer\n\n## Donating land, property or shares\n\nYou do not have to pay tax on land, property or shares you donate to charity. This includes selling them for less than their market value.\n\nYou get tax relief on both:\n\n- Income Tax\n\n- Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou cannot get Income Tax relief on donations to community amateur sports clubs (CASCs).\n\nYou must keep records of the donation to show that you\u2019ve made the gift or sale and that the charity has accepted it.\n\n## Income Tax relief\n\nYou can pay less Income Tax by deducting the value of your donation from your total taxable income. Do this for the tax year (6 April to 5 April) in which you made the gift or sale to charity.\n\n## How to claim\n\nIf you complete a Self Assessment tax return, add the amount you\u2019re claiming in the \u2018Charitable giving\u2019 section of the form. This will reduce your Self Assessment bill.\n\nIf you do not complete a tax return, write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) with details of the gift or sale and your tax relief amount. You\u2019ll either get a refund, or your tax code will be changed so you pay less Income Tax for that tax year.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax relief\n\nYou do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on land, property or shares you give to charity.\n\nYou may have to pay if you sell them for more than they cost you but less than their market value. Work out your gain using the amount the charity actually pays you, rather than the value of the asset.\n\n## Selling land, property or shares on behalf of a charity\n\nWhen you offer a gift of land, property or shares, the charity may ask you to sell the gift on its behalf.\n\nYou can do this and still claim tax relief for the donation, but you must keep records of the gift and the charity\u2019s request. Without them, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\n## Leaving gifts to charity in your will\n\nYour will says what will happen to your money, property and possessions after you die.\n\nYour donation will either:\n\n- be taken off the value of your estate before Inheritance Tax is calculated\n\n- reduce your Inheritance Tax rate, if 10% or more of your estate is left to charity\n\nYou can donate:\n\n- a fixed amount\n\n- an item\n\n- what\u2019s left after other gifts have been given out\n\n## Writing your will\n\nFind out how to write or update your will, including how to make sure it\u2019s legal.\n\nInclude the charity\u2019s full name - check with them or search the charity register in England and Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou need to keep records of donations if you want to claim tax back on them.\n\n## Gift Aid donations\n\nKeep records if you:\n\n- pay higher rate tax\n\n- claim tax credits\n\n- get a higher Personal Allowance because of your age\n\n- get Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming tax back through your Self Assessment tax return or by asking HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) to amend your tax code keep records showing the date, the amount and which charities you\u2019ve donated to.\n\n## Land, buildings and shares\n\nFor donations of land, property or shares you need to keep:\n\n- legal documents showing the sale or transfer to charity\n\n- any documents from a charity asking you to sell land or shares on its behalf\n\nYou normally have to keep your records for at least 22 months from the end of the tax year they\u2019re for.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/donating-to-charity", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a property and was approached by my local religious community registered as a charity to use my property for religious gathering. Now I am thinking to donate the property to charity", + "original_question": "Do I have to pay tax on the property I donate to charity ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-343", + "question": "Scenario: Due to the current pandemic my local vehicle service garage is closed, therefore it is very difficult for me to service my vehicles at regular times.\n\nQuestion: Can the required service times on my farm vehicles be extended?\n\nDocument - Health and safety using farm vehicles and machinery:\n## Overview\n\nIf you own or manage a farm, you\u2019re responsible for ensuring the health and safety of your workers and anyone who\u2019s affected by what they do.\n\nYou must:\n\n- carry out a assessment of any risks related to your farm\n\n- have a plan to manage these risks and protect people from harm\n\n- plan and set standards to be sure that your health and safety practices work\n\n- check how you\u2019re doing through regular inspections and monitoring\n\nYou must make sure that all farming vehicles and equipment are:\n\n- safe to use\n\n- appropriate for the jobs they are used for\n\n- their safety risks are reduced as much as possible\n\n## Health and safety assessments\n\nThe Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has produced guidance to help farmers conduct health and safety assessments of their farms.\n\nThe \u2018Farmwise\u2019 guide also provides information and guidance on health and safety for farm vehicles and machinery.\n\n## Buying vehicles and equipment\n\n## CE Mark\n\nMost new machines, vehicles or pieces of farming equipment you buy must be \u2018CE\u2019 marked. This mark means that it has been built to meet minimum legal safety requirements.\n\nMost new machines or pieces of equipment should also have:\n\n- a \u2018declaration of conformity\u2019 to show that it meets EU standards\n\n- a manual\n\n- information on noise levels\n\n## Second-hand equipment and vehicles\n\nBefore using second hand machinery, you should:\n\n- make sure that it complies with the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998\n\n- get the operator\u2019s manual or suitable instructions for use\n\n- replace or repair any missing or damaged safety guards before use\n\n## Maintaining vehicles and equipment\n\nYou must make sure that all your equipment is properly maintained and in good working order. You\u2019ll need to perform regular maintenance checks on all of your vehicles and machinery.\n\nYou can find useful equipment maintenance checklists on the British Agricultural and Garden Machinery Association website.\n\nThe Department for Transport also provides guidance on performing health checks on farm vehicles.\n\nYou can find information on the safe use of agricultural machinery on the Health and Safety Executive website.\n\n## Noise levels\n\nHigh levels of noise can damage hearing. By law, you must assess the level of noise in areas where people work for you. You must take action where noise exceeds certain levels.\n\nIf you have noisy machinery or equipment, you should consider:\n\n- providing hearing protection for operators\n\n- using barriers or screens to block sound\n\n- using materials to absorb sound\n\n- limiting the time spent in noisy environments\n\nRead information from the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) on noise levels at work.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-for-farm-vehicles", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Due to the current pandemic my local vehicle service garage is closed, therefore it is very difficult for me to service my vehicles at regular times.", + "original_question": "Can the required service times on my farm vehicles be extended?" + }, + { + "id": "train-347", + "question": "Scenario: My father just passed away and he left me a farm that previously grew vegetables. I would like to turn it into a vinery.\n\nQuestion: Do I need planning permission?\n\nDocument - Planning permission for farms:\n## When you need it\n\nFarms are covered by the same planning regulations as other types of property. Some planning rules include special conditions for agricultural buildings and land.\n\nYou need planning permission if:\n\n- you want to change how you use your land or buildings from farming to something else\n\n- you want to build a house on the land\n\nYou will also usually need planning permission if you are applying for a grant to fund a project that needs a building or other development.\n\n## When you don\u2019t need it\n\nYou don\u2019t need planning permission:\n\n- for farming operations\n\n- to use buildings already on your land for farming purposes\n\n- to change the inside of a building, or make small alterations to the outside - eg installing an alarm box\n\n- if there are permitted development rights\n\nBefore starting work on the project, always check with:\n\n- your local planning authority in England and Wales\n\n- your local planning authority in Scotland\n\n- you local area planning office in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you don\u2019t get planning permission when you need it you may have to stop work on the development or demolish it.\n\n## Apply for planning permission\n\nIn England and Wales, you can apply online at the Planning Portal.\n\nIn Scotland you can apply online at ePlanning Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you apply for planning permission to your local area planning office.\n\n## Permitted development\n\nPermitted development means that if your farm is 5 hectares or more, you have the right to:\n\n- erect, extend or alter a building\n\n- carry out excavations and engineering operations needed for agricultural purposes - though you may still require approval for certain details of the development.\n\nThe types of permitted development include:\n\n- temporary uses of land\n\n- agricultural buildings below a certain size\n\n- forestry buildings\n\n- caravan sites and related buildings in some circumstances\n\nCheck with your local planning authority (or local area planning office in Northern Ireland) before making use of permitted development rights to make sure your development won\u2019t need planning permission.\n\nThe Agricultural Document Library (ADLib) has policy planning guidance on permitted development and farms.\n\n## Appeals\n\nThe way you appeal and the deadlines for appealing are different depending on which country you\u2019re in. See the relevant planning guide for more information:\n\n- England and Wales\n\n- Scotland", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father just passed away and he left me a farm that previously grew vegetables. I would like to turn it into a vinery.", + "original_question": "Do I need planning permission?" + }, + { + "id": "train-348", + "question": "Scenario: The farm he lived on was built quite a long time ago. Now that I am married and have children, I need to do an expansion in the main building.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to apply for a construction permit even if I am not going to change my activity?\n\nDocument - Planning permission for farms:\n## When you need it\n\nFarms are covered by the same planning regulations as other types of property. Some planning rules include special conditions for agricultural buildings and land.\n\nYou need planning permission if:\n\n- you want to change how you use your land or buildings from farming to something else\n\n- you want to build a house on the land\n\nYou will also usually need planning permission if you are applying for a grant to fund a project that needs a building or other development.\n\n## When you don\u2019t need it\n\nYou don\u2019t need planning permission:\n\n- for farming operations\n\n- to use buildings already on your land for farming purposes\n\n- to change the inside of a building, or make small alterations to the outside - eg installing an alarm box\n\n- if there are permitted development rights\n\nBefore starting work on the project, always check with:\n\n- your local planning authority in England and Wales\n\n- your local planning authority in Scotland\n\n- you local area planning office in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you don\u2019t get planning permission when you need it you may have to stop work on the development or demolish it.\n\n## Apply for planning permission\n\nIn England and Wales, you can apply online at the Planning Portal.\n\nIn Scotland you can apply online at ePlanning Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you apply for planning permission to your local area planning office.\n\n## Permitted development\n\nPermitted development means that if your farm is 5 hectares or more, you have the right to:\n\n- erect, extend or alter a building\n\n- carry out excavations and engineering operations needed for agricultural purposes - though you may still require approval for certain details of the development.\n\nThe types of permitted development include:\n\n- temporary uses of land\n\n- agricultural buildings below a certain size\n\n- forestry buildings\n\n- caravan sites and related buildings in some circumstances\n\nCheck with your local planning authority (or local area planning office in Northern Ireland) before making use of permitted development rights to make sure your development won\u2019t need planning permission.\n\nThe Agricultural Document Library (ADLib) has policy planning guidance on permitted development and farms.\n\n## Appeals\n\nThe way you appeal and the deadlines for appealing are different depending on which country you\u2019re in. See the relevant planning guide for more information:\n\n- England and Wales\n\n- Scotland", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "The farm he lived on was built quite a long time ago. Now that I am married and have children, I need to do an expansion in the main building.", + "original_question": "Do I need to apply for a construction permit even if I am not going to change my activity?" + }, + { + "id": "train-349", + "question": "Scenario: We are a Information technology company recently invented a cyber security product. This is a new invention and does not exist anywhere.\n\nQuestion: Can we patent this invention ?\n\nDocument - Patenting your invention:\n## What you can patent\n\nYou can use a patent to protect your invention. It gives you the right to take legal action against anyone who makes, uses, sells or imports it without your permission.\n\nTo be granted a patent, your invention must be all of the following:\n\n- something that can be made or used\n\n- new\n\n- inventive - not just a simple modification to something that already exists\n\nPatents are expensive and difficult to get. Before you apply, check if a patent is right for your business.\n\n## What you cannot patent\n\nYou cannot patent certain types of invention, including:\n\n- literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works\n\n- a way of doing business, playing a game or thinking\n\n- a method of medical treatment or diagnosis\n\n- a discovery, scientific theory or mathematical method\n\n- the way information is presented\n\n- some computer programs or mobile apps\n\n- \u2018essentially biological\u2019 processes like crossing-breeding plants, and plant or animal varieties\n\n## Before you apply\n\nPatents are the most difficult form of protection to get. Check if a patent is right for your business before you apply for one.\n\nYou should only apply for a patent if:\n\n- your invention is new - check for similar ones by searching published patents, the internet and trade publications\n\n- you have the time and money for the application process\n\nThe application process is:\n\n- complicated - only 1 in 20 applicants get a patent without professional help\n\n- expensive - with professional help, applications typically cost \u00a34,000\n\n- long - it usually takes 5 years\n\nIf you get a patent, you\u2019ll also have to pay to renew it each year and the costs of legal action if you need to defend it.\n\n## Other ways to protect your intellectual property\n\nOther types of protection might be more appropriate for your business. For example, you can use:\n\n- trade marks - if you can create a brand and be first to market\n\n- design rights - if how your product looks (rather than how it works) is important and innovative\n\n- non-disclosure agreements to keep it secret before launch - this can provide enough protection if your product is likely to sell for only a short time\n\n## Getting help\n\nYou can get a professional to help you decide whether a patent is right for your business.\n\nYou may be able to get free advice by:\n\n- speaking to a patent attorney or other professional advisor - many offer basic advice for free\n\n- attending an intellectual property (IP) clinic\n\n- going to the British Library Business and IP Centre in London\n\nThis advice will be confidential.\n\nDo not talk to other people without a non-disclosure agreement, or you may not be able to patent your invention. You can get help with this from a patent attorney or solicitor.\n\n## If you decide to apply\n\nWhen you\u2019ve checked that a patent is right for your business, you should find a patent attorney or advisor. They will:\n\n- help you prepare your application correctly - you cannot add in additional information later\n\n- give you the best chance of being granted a patent\n\n- try to make your patent as commercially valuable as possible\n\nYou may be approached by companies offering to promote your invention for a fee. Get independent legal or financial advice before you agree to anything.\n\n## Applying for a patent\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process. Applications typically cost \u00a34,000 and the process usually takes 5 years. There are 8 steps if you apply for patent protection in the UK through the Intellectual Property Office (IPO).\n\n- Search for similar patents to make sure your invention is new.\n\n- Prepare your patent application.\n\n- File your patent application and request a search from IPO.\n\n- Receive your search report (usually within 6 months) and decide whether you want to continue with your application.\n\n- Your application will be published 18 months after you file it.\n\n- Ask for a \u2018substantive examination\u2019 within 6 months of publication.\n\n- Respond to comments from IPO\u2019s \u2018substantive examination\u2019. The examination may take place several years after you file your application.\n\n- Your application will be granted or refused.\n\nYou can commercially benefit from your patent once it has been granted, for example license, sell or mortgage your patent.\n\nDo not make your invention public before you apply. You may not be able to patent it if you do.\n\n## Other ways to get a UK patent\n\nYou can also file a UK patent application through the:\n\n- European Patent Office (EPO)\n\n- World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)\n\n## Prepare your application\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nA patent application is made up of 4 parts that need to meet specific criteria.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- a description of your invention that allows others to see how it works and how it could be made\n\n- legal statements that set out the technical features of your invention that are to be protected (known as \u2018claims\u2019)\n\n- a summary of all the important technical aspects of your invention (known as the \u2018abstract\u2019)\n\nYou should also include any drawings you need to illustrate your description.\n\nThe fees are higher if your description has more than 35 pages or you include more than 25 claims.\n\nRead the patent application fact sheets for instructions on how to produce each part of your application.\n\nYou have to submit your description and any drawings with your application form.\n\nYou can file your claims and abstract once your patent is pending, but it\u2019s best if you submit all the parts together.\n\n## Academic papers\n\nYou can send academic papers as part of your patent application, to help describe your invention.\n\nYou still need to send a description, drawings and claims.\n\n## \u2018Statement of inventorship\u2019\n\nYou need to complete a statement of inventorship if:\n\n- you\u2019re not the inventor\n\n- there\u2019s more than one inventor and they\u2019re not listed as applicants\n\n- you\u2019re applying on behalf of a company\n\nThe statement provides the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) with more information about who the inventor is and why you have the right to apply for the patent.\n\nSubmit your \u2018statement of inventorship\u2019 online when you apply for a patent, or do it later by filing documents for a pending UK patent.\n\nAlternatively, download the \u2018statement of inventorship\u2019 form and send it with your application.\n\n## Apply for a patent\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nYou can file a UK patent application with the Intellectual Property Office (IPO). Read the patent application fact sheets for instructions on how to produce each part of your application.\n\nYou can apply either:\n\n- online\n\n- by post\n\nYou can request and pay for your search and examination at this point or later in the process.\n\n## Fees\n\n| Stage | Apply online | Apply by post |\n\n| Application (if you pay when you apply) | \u00a360 | \u00a390 |\n\n| Application (if you pay later) | \u00a375 | \u00a3112.50 |\n\n| Search | \u00a3150 (plus \u00a320 for each claim over 25 claims) | \u00a3180 (plus \u00a320 for each claim over 25 claims) |\n\n| Substantive examination | \u00a3100 (plus \u00a310 for each page of description over 35 pages) | \u00a3130 (plus \u00a310 for each page of description over 35 pages) |\n\nIf you get a patent, you\u2019ll also have to pay to renew it to keep it in force.\n\n## Get your patent granted more quickly\n\nYou can get your application processed more quickly if you file your search and examination requests at the same time as you apply.\n\nThis costs the same as applying separately and means they\u2019ll be processed at the same time.\n\nYou may also be able to get a \u2018fast grant\u2019 if, for example:\n\n- your invention has some sort of environmental benefit (green channel)\n\n- you\u2019ve already submitted a patent application for your invention at another patent office (Patent Prosecution Highway)\n\nRead the patents fast grant guidance.\n\n## Request your search and examination\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nAs part of the application process, you must pay for a patent search and a \u2018substantive examination\u2019.\n\nYou can request the search either when you apply or later in the process.\n\nYou must request your search within 12 months of your filing or priority date.\n\nYou must request your examination within 6 months of publication.\n\n## Patent search\n\nThe Intellectual Property Office (IPO) carries out a search to check whether your invention is new and inventive.\n\nYou have to request and pay for your search within 12 months of your filing date or priority date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the results and told if any part of your application is not right.\n\nRead the search report factsheet.\n\nSearch reports can take up to 6 months.\n\n## Publication\n\nYour application will be published 18 months from your filing or priority date, provided it\u2019s complete and passes the search.\n\nThe open part of your application, which includes your address, will be publicly available in the:\n\n- online patents journal on the IPO website\n\n- IPO records\n\n## \u2018Substantive examination\u2019\n\nThe examination checks whether your invention is new and inventive enough. It also checks that your description and claims match and are good enough to patent.\n\nThe examination will show if your application meets the legal requirements. You\u2019ll be told what you need to do if it does not.\n\nYou must request an examination of your patent application within 6 months of publication.\n\nExaminations can take place several years after you file your application.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply online or by post for both the search and examination.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can request your search and examination either:\n\n- with your initial application\n\n- later in the process\n\nYou must request your search within 12 months of your filing or priority date and examination within 6 months of publication.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nDownload the forms:\n\n- search request form\n\n- examination request form\n\nFill in and post the forms. The address is on the forms.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a receipt with your application number and filing date (the date your application is received).\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what to do next and when.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve applied you can mark your invention as \u2018patent pending\u2019 or \u2018patent applied for\u2019. You can either add the patent number and say that you applied for it in the UK, or use a web address instead if the patent number is online.\n\nIf you use a web address, make sure the patent number and the product it relates to are clearly displayed on your website.\n\nIf your patent is granted:\n\n- your application will be published in its final form\n\n- you\u2019ll be sent a certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be responsible for renewing and defending your patent.\n\n## File more documents once your patent is pending\n\nYou may need to file more forms and documents once you have a patent pending (for example a form to request a search, or a document with your claims).\n\nYou must send your claims, abstract, application fee and search fee within 12 months of your filing date.\n\n## If your application includes a \u2018priority date\u2019 from an earlier application\n\nYou must send your claims, abstract, application fee and search fee within whichever of the following is later:\n\n- 12 months of the date when you filed your previous application (the priority date)\n\n- 2 months of your current filing date\n\n## Withdraw your application\n\nYou can withdraw your application for any reason, for example to stop it becoming public.\n\nTo stop your invention entering the public domain you must withdraw your application before it\u2019s published.\n\nYou can ask for a withdrawal up to the day before the deadline given in your search report.\n\n## Withdraw by email\n\nEmail withdraw@ipo.gov.uk with your patent application number in the subject line.\n\nClearly state that you want to withdraw in the body of the email.\n\nState why you have the authority to withdraw the application, for example that you\u2019re the applicant or their agent.\n\n## Withdraw by post\n\nYou can also withdraw by post - mark your request as urgent if there\u2019s less than 3 weeks until publication.\n\n## Make a new application with a priority date\n\nYou can withdraw your application and reapply if you want to change it for any reason, for example if you\u2019ve developed your invention since you first applied or have new information.\n\nYou can use the filing date of your earlier application (known as the priority date) if your new application is made within 12 months.\n\n## Terminated applications\n\nYour application will be terminated if you do not submit the right documents, forms and payment when asked to.\n\nYou may be able to reopen your application if you apply within 12 months of termination.\n\nYou need to be able to show:\n\n- why you failed to meet the requirements\n\n- that the failure was not intentional\n\n- when you became able to meet the requirements\n\nIt costs \u00a3150 to apply - this is not refundable.\n\n## Reopen your application\n\nDownload the reinstatement request form.\n\nSend the form, your fee and any supporting evidence to IPO.\n\nIf your request is granted, you must meet the requirements within 2 months.\n\nYou can ask for an ex parte hearing if you\u2019re turned down, where you can put your case to a senior official.\n\n## International patents\n\nA patent only protects your invention in the country where the patent is registered.\n\nFor protection overseas, you can:\n\n- file a single application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) for protection in more than 140 countries\n\n- file a single application with the European Patent Office (EPO) for protection in more than 30 countries in Europe\n\n- apply separately to the patent office of each country where you want a patent\n\nRead the guidance on filing a patent abroad for basic information on filing for international protection.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/patent-your-invention", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are a Information technology company recently invented a cyber security product. This is a new invention and does not exist anywhere.", + "original_question": "Can we patent this invention ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-350", + "question": "Scenario: We are a electronic products development company. We recently invented a new cutting edge audio device. We have rolled out the product for some of our loyal customers\n\nQuestion: Does our audio device eligible to be patented ?\n\nDocument - Patenting your invention:\n## What you can patent\n\nYou can use a patent to protect your invention. It gives you the right to take legal action against anyone who makes, uses, sells or imports it without your permission.\n\nTo be granted a patent, your invention must be all of the following:\n\n- something that can be made or used\n\n- new\n\n- inventive - not just a simple modification to something that already exists\n\nPatents are expensive and difficult to get. Before you apply, check if a patent is right for your business.\n\n## What you cannot patent\n\nYou cannot patent certain types of invention, including:\n\n- literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works\n\n- a way of doing business, playing a game or thinking\n\n- a method of medical treatment or diagnosis\n\n- a discovery, scientific theory or mathematical method\n\n- the way information is presented\n\n- some computer programs or mobile apps\n\n- \u2018essentially biological\u2019 processes like crossing-breeding plants, and plant or animal varieties\n\n## Before you apply\n\nPatents are the most difficult form of protection to get. Check if a patent is right for your business before you apply for one.\n\nYou should only apply for a patent if:\n\n- your invention is new - check for similar ones by searching published patents, the internet and trade publications\n\n- you have the time and money for the application process\n\nThe application process is:\n\n- complicated - only 1 in 20 applicants get a patent without professional help\n\n- expensive - with professional help, applications typically cost \u00a34,000\n\n- long - it usually takes 5 years\n\nIf you get a patent, you\u2019ll also have to pay to renew it each year and the costs of legal action if you need to defend it.\n\n## Other ways to protect your intellectual property\n\nOther types of protection might be more appropriate for your business. For example, you can use:\n\n- trade marks - if you can create a brand and be first to market\n\n- design rights - if how your product looks (rather than how it works) is important and innovative\n\n- non-disclosure agreements to keep it secret before launch - this can provide enough protection if your product is likely to sell for only a short time\n\n## Getting help\n\nYou can get a professional to help you decide whether a patent is right for your business.\n\nYou may be able to get free advice by:\n\n- speaking to a patent attorney or other professional advisor - many offer basic advice for free\n\n- attending an intellectual property (IP) clinic\n\n- going to the British Library Business and IP Centre in London\n\nThis advice will be confidential.\n\nDo not talk to other people without a non-disclosure agreement, or you may not be able to patent your invention. You can get help with this from a patent attorney or solicitor.\n\n## If you decide to apply\n\nWhen you\u2019ve checked that a patent is right for your business, you should find a patent attorney or advisor. They will:\n\n- help you prepare your application correctly - you cannot add in additional information later\n\n- give you the best chance of being granted a patent\n\n- try to make your patent as commercially valuable as possible\n\nYou may be approached by companies offering to promote your invention for a fee. Get independent legal or financial advice before you agree to anything.\n\n## Applying for a patent\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process. Applications typically cost \u00a34,000 and the process usually takes 5 years. There are 8 steps if you apply for patent protection in the UK through the Intellectual Property Office (IPO).\n\n- Search for similar patents to make sure your invention is new.\n\n- Prepare your patent application.\n\n- File your patent application and request a search from IPO.\n\n- Receive your search report (usually within 6 months) and decide whether you want to continue with your application.\n\n- Your application will be published 18 months after you file it.\n\n- Ask for a \u2018substantive examination\u2019 within 6 months of publication.\n\n- Respond to comments from IPO\u2019s \u2018substantive examination\u2019. The examination may take place several years after you file your application.\n\n- Your application will be granted or refused.\n\nYou can commercially benefit from your patent once it has been granted, for example license, sell or mortgage your patent.\n\nDo not make your invention public before you apply. You may not be able to patent it if you do.\n\n## Other ways to get a UK patent\n\nYou can also file a UK patent application through the:\n\n- European Patent Office (EPO)\n\n- World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)\n\n## Prepare your application\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nA patent application is made up of 4 parts that need to meet specific criteria.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- a description of your invention that allows others to see how it works and how it could be made\n\n- legal statements that set out the technical features of your invention that are to be protected (known as \u2018claims\u2019)\n\n- a summary of all the important technical aspects of your invention (known as the \u2018abstract\u2019)\n\nYou should also include any drawings you need to illustrate your description.\n\nThe fees are higher if your description has more than 35 pages or you include more than 25 claims.\n\nRead the patent application fact sheets for instructions on how to produce each part of your application.\n\nYou have to submit your description and any drawings with your application form.\n\nYou can file your claims and abstract once your patent is pending, but it\u2019s best if you submit all the parts together.\n\n## Academic papers\n\nYou can send academic papers as part of your patent application, to help describe your invention.\n\nYou still need to send a description, drawings and claims.\n\n## \u2018Statement of inventorship\u2019\n\nYou need to complete a statement of inventorship if:\n\n- you\u2019re not the inventor\n\n- there\u2019s more than one inventor and they\u2019re not listed as applicants\n\n- you\u2019re applying on behalf of a company\n\nThe statement provides the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) with more information about who the inventor is and why you have the right to apply for the patent.\n\nSubmit your \u2018statement of inventorship\u2019 online when you apply for a patent, or do it later by filing documents for a pending UK patent.\n\nAlternatively, download the \u2018statement of inventorship\u2019 form and send it with your application.\n\n## Apply for a patent\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nYou can file a UK patent application with the Intellectual Property Office (IPO). Read the patent application fact sheets for instructions on how to produce each part of your application.\n\nYou can apply either:\n\n- online\n\n- by post\n\nYou can request and pay for your search and examination at this point or later in the process.\n\n## Fees\n\n| Stage | Apply online | Apply by post |\n\n| Application (if you pay when you apply) | \u00a360 | \u00a390 |\n\n| Application (if you pay later) | \u00a375 | \u00a3112.50 |\n\n| Search | \u00a3150 (plus \u00a320 for each claim over 25 claims) | \u00a3180 (plus \u00a320 for each claim over 25 claims) |\n\n| Substantive examination | \u00a3100 (plus \u00a310 for each page of description over 35 pages) | \u00a3130 (plus \u00a310 for each page of description over 35 pages) |\n\nIf you get a patent, you\u2019ll also have to pay to renew it to keep it in force.\n\n## Get your patent granted more quickly\n\nYou can get your application processed more quickly if you file your search and examination requests at the same time as you apply.\n\nThis costs the same as applying separately and means they\u2019ll be processed at the same time.\n\nYou may also be able to get a \u2018fast grant\u2019 if, for example:\n\n- your invention has some sort of environmental benefit (green channel)\n\n- you\u2019ve already submitted a patent application for your invention at another patent office (Patent Prosecution Highway)\n\nRead the patents fast grant guidance.\n\n## Request your search and examination\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nAs part of the application process, you must pay for a patent search and a \u2018substantive examination\u2019.\n\nYou can request the search either when you apply or later in the process.\n\nYou must request your search within 12 months of your filing or priority date.\n\nYou must request your examination within 6 months of publication.\n\n## Patent search\n\nThe Intellectual Property Office (IPO) carries out a search to check whether your invention is new and inventive.\n\nYou have to request and pay for your search within 12 months of your filing date or priority date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the results and told if any part of your application is not right.\n\nRead the search report factsheet.\n\nSearch reports can take up to 6 months.\n\n## Publication\n\nYour application will be published 18 months from your filing or priority date, provided it\u2019s complete and passes the search.\n\nThe open part of your application, which includes your address, will be publicly available in the:\n\n- online patents journal on the IPO website\n\n- IPO records\n\n## \u2018Substantive examination\u2019\n\nThe examination checks whether your invention is new and inventive enough. It also checks that your description and claims match and are good enough to patent.\n\nThe examination will show if your application meets the legal requirements. You\u2019ll be told what you need to do if it does not.\n\nYou must request an examination of your patent application within 6 months of publication.\n\nExaminations can take place several years after you file your application.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply online or by post for both the search and examination.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can request your search and examination either:\n\n- with your initial application\n\n- later in the process\n\nYou must request your search within 12 months of your filing or priority date and examination within 6 months of publication.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nDownload the forms:\n\n- search request form\n\n- examination request form\n\nFill in and post the forms. The address is on the forms.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a receipt with your application number and filing date (the date your application is received).\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what to do next and when.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve applied you can mark your invention as \u2018patent pending\u2019 or \u2018patent applied for\u2019. You can either add the patent number and say that you applied for it in the UK, or use a web address instead if the patent number is online.\n\nIf you use a web address, make sure the patent number and the product it relates to are clearly displayed on your website.\n\nIf your patent is granted:\n\n- your application will be published in its final form\n\n- you\u2019ll be sent a certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be responsible for renewing and defending your patent.\n\n## File more documents once your patent is pending\n\nYou may need to file more forms and documents once you have a patent pending (for example a form to request a search, or a document with your claims).\n\nYou must send your claims, abstract, application fee and search fee within 12 months of your filing date.\n\n## If your application includes a \u2018priority date\u2019 from an earlier application\n\nYou must send your claims, abstract, application fee and search fee within whichever of the following is later:\n\n- 12 months of the date when you filed your previous application (the priority date)\n\n- 2 months of your current filing date\n\n## Withdraw your application\n\nYou can withdraw your application for any reason, for example to stop it becoming public.\n\nTo stop your invention entering the public domain you must withdraw your application before it\u2019s published.\n\nYou can ask for a withdrawal up to the day before the deadline given in your search report.\n\n## Withdraw by email\n\nEmail withdraw@ipo.gov.uk with your patent application number in the subject line.\n\nClearly state that you want to withdraw in the body of the email.\n\nState why you have the authority to withdraw the application, for example that you\u2019re the applicant or their agent.\n\n## Withdraw by post\n\nYou can also withdraw by post - mark your request as urgent if there\u2019s less than 3 weeks until publication.\n\n## Make a new application with a priority date\n\nYou can withdraw your application and reapply if you want to change it for any reason, for example if you\u2019ve developed your invention since you first applied or have new information.\n\nYou can use the filing date of your earlier application (known as the priority date) if your new application is made within 12 months.\n\n## Terminated applications\n\nYour application will be terminated if you do not submit the right documents, forms and payment when asked to.\n\nYou may be able to reopen your application if you apply within 12 months of termination.\n\nYou need to be able to show:\n\n- why you failed to meet the requirements\n\n- that the failure was not intentional\n\n- when you became able to meet the requirements\n\nIt costs \u00a3150 to apply - this is not refundable.\n\n## Reopen your application\n\nDownload the reinstatement request form.\n\nSend the form, your fee and any supporting evidence to IPO.\n\nIf your request is granted, you must meet the requirements within 2 months.\n\nYou can ask for an ex parte hearing if you\u2019re turned down, where you can put your case to a senior official.\n\n## International patents\n\nA patent only protects your invention in the country where the patent is registered.\n\nFor protection overseas, you can:\n\n- file a single application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) for protection in more than 140 countries\n\n- file a single application with the European Patent Office (EPO) for protection in more than 30 countries in Europe\n\n- apply separately to the patent office of each country where you want a patent\n\nRead the guidance on filing a patent abroad for basic information on filing for international protection.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/patent-your-invention", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are a electronic products development company. We recently invented a new cutting edge audio device. We have rolled out the product for some of our loyal customers", + "original_question": "Does our audio device eligible to be patented ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-353", + "question": "Scenario: I am a parent of two school-age children, the eldest of which is about to begin Key Stage 3. I am devoutly religious and have moral objections to aspects of the religious and the sexual education modules taught therein.\n\nQuestion: Can I withdraw my child from lessons I find morally offensive?\n\nDocument - The national curriculum:\n## Overview\n\nThe \u2018basic\u2019 school curriculum includes the \u2018national curriculum\u2019, as well as religious education and sex education.\n\nThe national curriculum is a set of subjects and standards used by primary and secondary schools so children learn the same things. It covers what subjects are taught and the standards children should reach in each subject.\n\nOther types of school like academies and private schools do not have to follow the national curriculum. Academies must teach a broad and balanced curriculum including English, maths and science. They must also teach religious education.\n\n## Key stages\n\nThe national curriculum is organised into blocks of years called \u2018key stages\u2019 (KS). At the end of each key stage, the teacher will formally assess your child\u2019s performance.\n\n| Child\u2019s age | Year | Key stage | Assessment |\n\n| 3 to 4 | | Early years | |\n\n| 4 to 5 | Reception | Early years | Teacher assessments (there\u2019s also an optional assessment at the start of the year) |\n\n| 5 to 6 | Year 1 | KS1 | Phonics screening check |\n\n| 6 to 7 | Year 2 | KS1 | National tests and teacher assessments in English, maths and science |\n\n| 7 to 8 | Year 3 | KS2 | |\n\n| 8 to 9 | Year 4 | KS2 | |\n\n| 9 to 10 | Year 5 | KS2 | |\n\n| 10 to 11 | Year 6 | KS2 | National tests and teacher assessments in English and maths, and teacher assessments in science |\n\n| 11 to 12 | Year 7 | KS3 | |\n\n| 12 to 13 | Year 8 | KS3 | |\n\n| 13 to 14 | Year 9 | KS3 | |\n\n| 14 to 15 | Year 10 | KS4 | Some children take GCSEs |\n\n| 15 to 16 | Year 11 | KS4 | Most children take GCSEs or other national |\n\n## Assessments\n\nBy the end of each summer term the school must write a report on your child\u2019s progress and talk it through with you.\n\n## Key stage 1 and 2\n\nCompulsory national curriculum subjects at primary school are:\n\n- English\n\n- maths\n\n- science\n\n- design and technology\n\n- history\n\n- geography\n\n- art and design\n\n- music\n\n- physical education (PE), including swimming\n\n- computing\n\n- ancient and modern foreign languages (at key stage 2)\n\nSchools must provide religious education (RE) but parents can ask for their children to be taken out of the whole lesson or part of it.\n\nSchools often also teach:\n\n- personal, social and health education (PSHE)\n\n- citizenship\n\n- modern foreign languages (at key stage 1)\n\n## Tests and assessments\n\n## Year 1 phonics screening check\n\nThe check will take place in June when your child will read 40 words out loud to a teacher. You\u2019ll find out how your child did, and their teacher will assess whether he or she needs extra help with reading. If your child does not do well enough in the check they\u2019ll have to do it again in Year 2.\n\n## Key stage 1\n\nKey stage 1 tests cover:\n\n- English reading\n\n- English grammar, punctuation and spelling\n\n- maths\n\nYour child will take the tests in May. You can ask the school for the test results.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the results of your child\u2019s teacher assessments automatically.\n\n## Key stage 2\n\nYour child will take national tests in May when they reach the end of key stage 2. These test your child\u2019s skills in:\n\n- English reading\n\n- English grammar, punctuation and spelling\n\n- maths\n\nThe tests last less than 4 hours. You\u2019ll get the results in July.\n\nThe school will send you the results of your child\u2019s tests and teacher assessments.\n\n## Key stage 3 and 4\n\n## Key stage 3\n\nCompulsory national curriculum subjects are:\n\n- English\n\n- maths\n\n- science\n\n- history\n\n- geography\n\n- modern foreign languages\n\n- design and technology\n\n- art and design\n\n- music\n\n- physical education\n\n- citizenship\n\n- computing\n\nSchools must provide religious education (RE) and sex education from key stage 3 but parents can ask for their children to be taken out of the whole lesson or part of it.\n\n## Key stage 4\n\nDuring key stage 4 most pupils work towards national qualifications - usually GCSEs.\n\nThe compulsory national curriculum subjects are the \u2018core\u2019 and \u2018foundation\u2019 subjects.\n\nCore subjects are:\n\n- English\n\n- maths\n\n- science\n\nFoundation subjects are:\n\n- computing\n\n- physical education\n\n- citizenship\n\nSchools must also offer at least one subject from each of these areas:\n\n- arts\n\n- design and technology\n\n- humanities\n\n- modern foreign languages\n\nThey must also provide religious education (RE) and sex education at key stage 4.\n\n## English Baccalaureate (EBacc)\n\nThe EBacc is a way to measure how many pupils in a school choose to take a GCSE in these core subjects:\n\n- English language and literature\n\n- maths\n\n- the sciences\n\n- history or geography\n\n- a language\n\nFind out more about the EBacc.\n\n## Other compulsory subjects\n\nChildren must also study:\n\n- sex and relationships education (year 7 onwards)\n\n- religious education (RE)\n\nThey may not have to take exams in these subjects.\n\n## Sex and relationship education\n\nSex and relationship education (SRE) is compulsory from age 11 onwards. It involves teaching children about reproduction, sexuality and sexual health. It does not promote early sexual activity or any particular sexual orientation.\n\nSome parts of sex and relationship education are compulsory - these are part of the national curriculum for science. Parents can withdraw their children from all other parts of sex and relationship education if they want.\n\nAll schools must have a written policy on sex education, which they must make available to parents for free.\n\n## Religious education\n\nSchools have to teach RE but parents can withdraw their children for all or part of the lessons. Pupils can choose to withdraw themselves once they\u2019re 18.\n\nLocal councils are responsible for deciding the RE syllabus, but faith schools and academies can set their own.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-curriculum", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a parent of two school-age children, the eldest of which is about to begin Key Stage 3. I am devoutly religious and have moral objections to aspects of the religious and the sexual education modules taught therein.", + "original_question": "Can I withdraw my child from lessons I find morally offensive?" + }, + { + "id": "train-354", + "question": "Scenario: I am the headteacher and a governor of an Academy, which has just been converted from an old-style Comprehensive under local council control. I am currently devising a considerably revised Lesson Plan.\n\nQuestion: Can we set our own syllabus for Religious Education?\n\nDocument - The national curriculum:\n## Overview\n\nThe \u2018basic\u2019 school curriculum includes the \u2018national curriculum\u2019, as well as religious education and sex education.\n\nThe national curriculum is a set of subjects and standards used by primary and secondary schools so children learn the same things. It covers what subjects are taught and the standards children should reach in each subject.\n\nOther types of school like academies and private schools do not have to follow the national curriculum. Academies must teach a broad and balanced curriculum including English, maths and science. They must also teach religious education.\n\n## Key stages\n\nThe national curriculum is organised into blocks of years called \u2018key stages\u2019 (KS). At the end of each key stage, the teacher will formally assess your child\u2019s performance.\n\n| Child\u2019s age | Year | Key stage | Assessment |\n\n| 3 to 4 | | Early years | |\n\n| 4 to 5 | Reception | Early years | Teacher assessments (there\u2019s also an optional assessment at the start of the year) |\n\n| 5 to 6 | Year 1 | KS1 | Phonics screening check |\n\n| 6 to 7 | Year 2 | KS1 | National tests and teacher assessments in English, maths and science |\n\n| 7 to 8 | Year 3 | KS2 | |\n\n| 8 to 9 | Year 4 | KS2 | |\n\n| 9 to 10 | Year 5 | KS2 | |\n\n| 10 to 11 | Year 6 | KS2 | National tests and teacher assessments in English and maths, and teacher assessments in science |\n\n| 11 to 12 | Year 7 | KS3 | |\n\n| 12 to 13 | Year 8 | KS3 | |\n\n| 13 to 14 | Year 9 | KS3 | |\n\n| 14 to 15 | Year 10 | KS4 | Some children take GCSEs |\n\n| 15 to 16 | Year 11 | KS4 | Most children take GCSEs or other national |\n\n## Assessments\n\nBy the end of each summer term the school must write a report on your child\u2019s progress and talk it through with you.\n\n## Key stage 1 and 2\n\nCompulsory national curriculum subjects at primary school are:\n\n- English\n\n- maths\n\n- science\n\n- design and technology\n\n- history\n\n- geography\n\n- art and design\n\n- music\n\n- physical education (PE), including swimming\n\n- computing\n\n- ancient and modern foreign languages (at key stage 2)\n\nSchools must provide religious education (RE) but parents can ask for their children to be taken out of the whole lesson or part of it.\n\nSchools often also teach:\n\n- personal, social and health education (PSHE)\n\n- citizenship\n\n- modern foreign languages (at key stage 1)\n\n## Tests and assessments\n\n## Year 1 phonics screening check\n\nThe check will take place in June when your child will read 40 words out loud to a teacher. You\u2019ll find out how your child did, and their teacher will assess whether he or she needs extra help with reading. If your child does not do well enough in the check they\u2019ll have to do it again in Year 2.\n\n## Key stage 1\n\nKey stage 1 tests cover:\n\n- English reading\n\n- English grammar, punctuation and spelling\n\n- maths\n\nYour child will take the tests in May. You can ask the school for the test results.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the results of your child\u2019s teacher assessments automatically.\n\n## Key stage 2\n\nYour child will take national tests in May when they reach the end of key stage 2. These test your child\u2019s skills in:\n\n- English reading\n\n- English grammar, punctuation and spelling\n\n- maths\n\nThe tests last less than 4 hours. You\u2019ll get the results in July.\n\nThe school will send you the results of your child\u2019s tests and teacher assessments.\n\n## Key stage 3 and 4\n\n## Key stage 3\n\nCompulsory national curriculum subjects are:\n\n- English\n\n- maths\n\n- science\n\n- history\n\n- geography\n\n- modern foreign languages\n\n- design and technology\n\n- art and design\n\n- music\n\n- physical education\n\n- citizenship\n\n- computing\n\nSchools must provide religious education (RE) and sex education from key stage 3 but parents can ask for their children to be taken out of the whole lesson or part of it.\n\n## Key stage 4\n\nDuring key stage 4 most pupils work towards national qualifications - usually GCSEs.\n\nThe compulsory national curriculum subjects are the \u2018core\u2019 and \u2018foundation\u2019 subjects.\n\nCore subjects are:\n\n- English\n\n- maths\n\n- science\n\nFoundation subjects are:\n\n- computing\n\n- physical education\n\n- citizenship\n\nSchools must also offer at least one subject from each of these areas:\n\n- arts\n\n- design and technology\n\n- humanities\n\n- modern foreign languages\n\nThey must also provide religious education (RE) and sex education at key stage 4.\n\n## English Baccalaureate (EBacc)\n\nThe EBacc is a way to measure how many pupils in a school choose to take a GCSE in these core subjects:\n\n- English language and literature\n\n- maths\n\n- the sciences\n\n- history or geography\n\n- a language\n\nFind out more about the EBacc.\n\n## Other compulsory subjects\n\nChildren must also study:\n\n- sex and relationships education (year 7 onwards)\n\n- religious education (RE)\n\nThey may not have to take exams in these subjects.\n\n## Sex and relationship education\n\nSex and relationship education (SRE) is compulsory from age 11 onwards. It involves teaching children about reproduction, sexuality and sexual health. It does not promote early sexual activity or any particular sexual orientation.\n\nSome parts of sex and relationship education are compulsory - these are part of the national curriculum for science. Parents can withdraw their children from all other parts of sex and relationship education if they want.\n\nAll schools must have a written policy on sex education, which they must make available to parents for free.\n\n## Religious education\n\nSchools have to teach RE but parents can withdraw their children for all or part of the lessons. Pupils can choose to withdraw themselves once they\u2019re 18.\n\nLocal councils are responsible for deciding the RE syllabus, but faith schools and academies can set their own.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-curriculum", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the headteacher and a governor of an Academy, which has just been converted from an old-style Comprehensive under local council control. I am currently devising a considerably revised Lesson Plan.", + "original_question": "Can we set our own syllabus for Religious Education?" + }, + { + "id": "train-356", + "question": "Scenario: My boss has a fishing vessel. He does it as a hobby. During his summer holidays he likes to take his friends for a sea Fishing and have fun.\n\nQuestion: Does he need a fishing licence for his vessel?\n\nDocument - Get a fishing vessel licence: vessels 10 metres or under:\n## Overview\n\nYou need a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence if you want to catch and sell sea fish, unless you\u2019re exempt.\n\nCheck the licence you need if your vessel is longer than 10 metres.\n\nFollow these steps to get a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence:\n\n- Register your vessel - you must do this before you can get a licence.\n\n- Get a licence entitlement - you\u2019ll need this to get a licence.\n\n- Apply for your licence.\n\nYou must carry your licence on board your vessel at all times.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou don\u2019t need a licence for your vessel if any of the following apply:\n\n- it doesn\u2019t have an engine\n\n- it\u2019ll only be used to fish for common eels, salmon or migratory trout\n\n- you fish only within 12 nautical miles of Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, but you\u2019ll need a licence from the relevant authority\n\n- you only use your vessel to fish for pleasure\n\n## Register your vessel\n\nYou must register your vessel on the UK Ship Registry to get a fishing vessel licence, unless your vessel is registered in the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.\n\nTo get on the register:\n\n- arrange an inspection by a Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) inspector or surveyor\n\n- fill in application form MSF4740 and send it to the address on the form\n\nYou can choose simple or full registration. Full registration lets you take out a marine mortgage against your vessel.\n\n## Registration fees\n\nSimple registration is \u00a3111 and full registration is \u00a3131.\n\n## Documents you need\n\nYou must include the following documents:\n\n- Declaration of Eligibility (MSF 4728)\n\n- original ownership documents - bill of sale, invoice or builder\u2019s certificate\n\n- Seafish Construction Certificate if your vessel was built after July 2007, or Seafish Inspection Report if your vessel was built before 2007\n\n- Safety Certificate issued by MCA (MSF 1606)\n\n- the vessel\u2019s radio call sign, if you have one\n\n- deletion certificate if the vessel was previously registered on another register\n\n- a copy of the Certificate of Incorporation if the owner is a limited company\n\nYour evidence of ownership must cover the last 3 years if you\u2019re applying for full registration.\n\n## Get a licence entitlement\n\nYou can get an entitlement by:\n\n- buying the entitlement from a vessel that has sunk, been scrapped or is no longer being used for fishing\n\n- buying a vessel with a licence\n\nYou need to make sure the entitlement is suitable for:\n\n- a vessel which is 10 metres or under (Category A)\n\n- the tonnage of your vessel and the size of the engine (kilowattage)\n\nYou can combine 2 or more entitlements if 1 is not enough to cover your vessel. You can also split an entitlement if you don\u2019t need it all.\n\n## Register an entitlement bought without a vessel\n\nGet form AFL7 from your local MMO office.\n\nRead the instructions for filling in form AFL7.\n\nFill in sections A and B of the form and send it to your local MMO office.\n\nMMO will check the previous owner has agreed to the transfer and return the form to you.\n\n## Entitlements bought with a vessel\n\nThe seller will transfer the entitlement into your name as part of the sale. MMO will send you form AFL7.\n\nUse form AFL7 to convert your entitlement into a licence.\n\n## Apply for your licence\n\nFill in application form AFL2 to apply for a Category A (10 metres or under) licence and send it to your local MMO office with your:\n\n- certificate of registry for the vessel\n\n- form AFL7 showing you as the entitlement holder\n\nSend the original documents, not copies.\n\nA licence is valid for 2 years, starting on 1 July and ending 2 years later on 30 June.\n\nYour licence will be renewed automatically.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fishing-vessel-licence-under-10-metres", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My boss has a fishing vessel. He does it as a hobby. During his summer holidays he likes to take his friends for a sea Fishing and have fun.", + "original_question": "Does he need a fishing licence for his vessel?" + }, + { + "id": "train-357", + "question": "Scenario: My father owns a fishing vessel and always likes undertakes commercial deep sea fishing trips.My mother has been very worried due rising water tides in the British Channel and of a possible sea accidents.\n\nQuestion: Are fishing vessels covered under maritime labour convention?\n\nDocument - Seafarer working and living rights:\n## Overview\n\nAll seafarers have working and living rights that include:\n\n- employment contracts\n\n- accommodation\n\n- food and medical care\n\nA seafarer is anyone who works on board a seagoing ship, including:\n\n- master and crew\n\n- self-employed contractors\n\n- shopkeepers and hairdressers\n\n- entertainers\n\nA seagoing ship is any vessel:\n\n- on an international voyage or from a foreign port\n\n- on a domestic journey from the UK coast\n\n- more than 500 gross tonnes\n\nThe Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006 came into force on 7 August 2014. It replaced all existing laws on seafarers\u2019 rights.\n\n## Working conditions\n\nThere are minimum requirements seafarers must meet to work at sea.\n\n## Minimum age\n\nThe minimum age for seafarers is 16, although this is 18 if the work involves any:\n\n- night work\n\n- hazardous tasks\n\n## Hazardous tasks\n\nManual tasks on a ship can be hazardous if not done properly, like:\n\n- lifting\n\n- hauling\n\n- mooring\n\n- towing\n\nEmployers of seafarers must ensure their staff:\n\n- know how to operate any equipment correctly\n\n- are aware of safety procedures\n\n- have access to protective personal equipment if needed\n\n## Medical certification for seafarers\n\nAnyone in charge of a ship must have an ENG1 seafarer medical certificate.\n\n## Certificates of competency\n\nSome seafarers will need a certificate of competency before they can carry out certain duties.\n\n## Conditions of employment\n\nSeafarers\u2019 employment contracts are covered by the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006.\n\n## Working time regulations\n\nAll seafarers on seagoing ships are entitled to:\n\n- a minimum of 10 hours\u2019 rest in any 24 hour period\n\n- 77 hours rest in any 7 day period\n\n- at least 4 weeks\u2019 paid annual leave\n\nRead the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002 for more information.\n\n## The 'human element'\n\nThe term \u2018human element\u2019 covers anything to do with the interaction between a human and any system aboard ship, and is of high importance in maritime safety and security.\n\nFactors which affect the human element include:\n\n- recruitment and selection policies and methods\n\n- crew competence, training and experience\n\n- conditions of service, motivation and morale\n\n- design, construction and ergonomics\n\n- standards of build and certification\n\n- maintenance\n\n- stress and fatigue\n\n- security\n\n- living and working conditions\n\n- manning levels and hours of work\n\n- management policies\n\n- safety management systems\n\n- operational systems\n\n- organisational and safety culture\n\n- culture of continuous improvement and workforce engagement\n\nFor more information read \u2018The human element: a guide to human behaviour in the shipping industry\u2019.\n\n## Safe working practices\n\nAll UK ships must carry copies of the \u2018Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen\u2019, unless it\u2019s a fishing boat or pleasure vessel.\n\n## Safe manning of ships\n\nEmployers must ensure their ships have enough properly trained and certificated officers so that it can operate safely at all times.\n\nThere must also be sufficient food on board for the number of seafarers serving.\n\nRead more in \u2018Merchant Shipping Notice 1868 (M) UK requirements for safe manning and watchkeeping\u2019.\n\n## Noise and vibration\n\nA seafarer\u2019s employer must carry out risk assessments to identify who\u2019s at risk from noise or vibration in their work and what can be done to reduce or remove these risks.\n\n## Protective personal equipment (PPE)\n\nA seafarer\u2019s employer must give them suitable protective equipment if they\u2019re performing dangerous tasks.\n\nYou can find further information in the code of safe working practices for merchant seafarers.\n\n## Living conditions\n\nSeafarers\u2019 living conditions are covered by Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) rules on crew accommodation.\n\n## Food and catering\n\nSeafarers\u2019 food and catering conditions are covered by MSN 1845 under MLC rules.\n\n## Health and safety\n\nEmployers of seafarers must follow health and safety rules and provide:\n\n- safe working places and environment\n\n- safe machinery and equipment\n\n- health and safety training, instruction, supervision and information\n\n- a health and safety policy\n\n- protective clothing and equipment where necessary\n\n- information for workers about the findings of their risk assessment\n\n- information on what qualifications any temporary workers must have\n\n- information about their activities and staff to the company\n\n## Risk assessments\n\nAny vessel seafarers work onboard must have had a risk assessment carried out by their employer or the ship owner.\n\n## New or expectant mothers\n\nWhere women of childbearing age are employed as seafarers, a risk assessment must take place of any potential hazard likely to affect a new or expectant mother.\n\nIt does not matter if they are pregnant at the time of the assessment or not.\n\nIf a risk is found that cannot be removed, a new or expectant mother working as a seafarer can be suspended on full pay providing they have either:\n\n- told their employer they\u2019re pregnant\n\n- given birth in the last 6 months\n\n- are breastfeeding\n\nFor more information on health and safety rules for new and expectant mothers, contact the Seafarer Safety and Health Branch of the Maritime and Coastguard Authority (MCA).\n\n## Additional dangers\n\nSeafarers may face additional dangers when living onboard ships.\n\n## Petrol generators\n\nShips that use petrol generators must have a risk assessment carried out to make sure they provide:\n\n- sufficient power for accommodation and lighting\n\n- adequate ventilation\n\n- adequate alarms - for example, carbon monoxide alarms\n\n## Fumigating cargo spaces\n\nIf pesticides are on board a ship, employers must make sure:\n\n- adequate breathing aids are provided for seafarers checking fumigated cargo bulks\n\n- the ship\u2019s destination port is told 24 hours in advance of receiving this cargo\n\n- properly trained personnel check the relevant cargo bulks at port\n\n## Illegal drugs\n\nThe unauthorised presence of drugs on board a ship can have serious legal implications for seafarers and employers, potentially resulting in:\n\n- heavy fines\n\n- detention of a ship\n\n- imprisonment\n\n- the death penalty\n\n## Potentially dangerous cargo\n\nIf seafarers deal with certain toxic cargo or equipment on board ships, their employer must follow a number of specific requirements.\n\nYou can find further information on specialist ships in section 4 of the Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen.\n\n## Health and medical care\n\nEmployers must protect their seafarers\u2019 health by:\n\n- providing immunisations for certain infectious diseases\n\n- making sure hygiene measures are effective and minimise the risks of infection\n\n- making arrangements for infection control\n\n- having the right medical supplies\n\n- knowing the routes and destinations of their ships\n\nUntil the UK made the Maritime Labour Convention (MLA) law, seafarers\u2019 health and safety regulations were covered by the Merchant Shipping Act 1995\n\n## Maritime Labour Convention\n\nThe Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) came into force for the UK on 7 August 2014. It sets out the minimum working and living rights for seafarers.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nThe MLC does not cover seafarers serving on the following boats:\n\n- ships navigating inland or sheltered waters subject to port regulations\n\n- fishing vessels\n\n- warships and naval auxiliaries\n\n- traditional ships, such as dhows\n\n## Minimum requirements\n\nThe MLC sets out minimum standards for seafarers to work on a ship, including:\n\n- minimum age\n\n- medical certification\n\n- training and qualifications\n\n## Age\n\nThe minimum age for seafarers will be 16. Night workers have to be 18 or over.\n\nExceptions can be allowed for:\n\n- training purposes\n\n- where the seafarer\u2019s duties require it, as long as their health and safety is not affected\n\n## Medical certification\n\nAll seafarers must have the right medical certificate to work at sea before they can work on ships.\n\n## Training and qualifications\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers will need to:\n\n- be trained and qualified to perform onboard duties\n\n- receive personal safety training\n\n- for training to conform to International Maritime Organisation standards\n\nFind out more about seafarer training and qualifications.\n\n## Conditions of employment\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers have minimum working rights covering:\n\n- employment agreements\n\n- wages\n\n- hours of rest\n\n- entitlement to leave\n\n- repatriation\n\n- compensation for a ship\u2019s loss or foundering\n\n- manning levels\n\n- career and skills development\n\n- employment opportunities\n\n## Employment contracts\n\nThe convention makes sure contracts between seafarers and shipowner provide fair living and working conditions.\n\nContracts should be in English and include:\n\n- shipowner\u2019s name and address\n\n- seafarer\u2019s name, date and place of birth\n\n- place and date where agreement signed\n\n- conditions for the termination of agreement\n\n- health and social security protection benefits provided by shipowner\n\n- seafarer\u2019s right to repatriation\n\nSeafarers must also be:\n\n- allowed to read and consider contracts before signing them\n\n- given a record of their employment\n\n- given their own copy of their contract (the shipowner should also have a copy)\n\n## Wages\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers\u2019 wages must be:\n\n- paid regularly - for example, monthly\n\n- include monthly statements of accounts\n\n- allow seafarers to transfer part or all of their wages\n\n- keep currency conversion charges to reasonable limits\n\n## Hours of rest\n\nHours of rest must be at least:\n\n- 10 hours in any 24 hour period\n\n- 77 hours in any 7 day period\n\nCrew exercises, such as lifeboat drills, must cause minimal disruption to rest periods. Seafarers called out in a rest period are entitled to a rest period to make up for it.\n\nYou can read Merchant Shipping Notice (MSN) 1848 (M) Amendment 3 MLC survey and certification of UK ships.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers are entitled to paid leave calculated at 2.5 days per calendar month of employment.\n\nRead more about holiday pay for seafarers in the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002.\n\n## Repatriation\n\nThis gives seafarers the right to be returned to their home country:\n\n- when their employment contract ends or is cancelled\n\n- when they\u2019re no longer able to carry out their duties\n\n- in the event of shipwreck\n\n- if their ship is bound for a war zone they have not agreed to go to\n\nShipowners cannot request advance payment for repatriation from seafarers. If a shipowner does not make repatriation arrangements, seafarers on UK ships can be repatriated by the MCA.\n\n## Accommodation and recreational facilities\n\nThe Maritime and Labour Convention (MLC) ensures seafarers have access to decent accommodation and recreational facilities when living on ships.\n\n## Medical care\n\nThese cover seafarers\u2019 rights to:\n\n- decent on board health protection facilities, including essential dental care\n\n- the right to visit qualified medical personnel while in port\n\n- access to a qualified medical doctor on ships carrying more than 100 people on international voyages lasting more than 3 days\n\n- where there is no doctor on board, there must be designated and able seafarer(s) to provide first aid and medical care\n\n## Shipowner\u2019s liabilities\n\nUnder the MLC, if a seafarer suffers accident or disability because of their work the shipowner must provide where necessary:\n\n- assistance and medical care\n\n- repatriation\n\n- burial or cremation, if they die\n\nThe shipowner must have financial cover in case they are liable for compensation for long-term disability or illness.\n\nA shipowner is not liable when an injury is not related to a seafarer\u2019s duties, when it\u2019s caused by wilful misconduct or when a seafarer intentionally hides an illness or disability.\n\n## Health and safety protection\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers\u2019 work environments on ships must:\n\n- have regular risk assessments of workplace hazards - for example, from machinery\n\n- take steps to prevent work accidents\n\n- have a system for reporting accidents and occupational diseases\n\n## Enforcement\n\nUnder the MLC, the MCA can withdraw a ship\u2019s maritime labour certificate if seafarer living and working conditions are breached.\n\n## Complaints\n\nSeafarers can complain if the MLC has not been followed. On board a ship seafarers can complain to a manager. On shore seafarers can complain to an MCA surveyor.\n\nRead MSN 1849 On-board complaints procedure and Marine Guidance Note (MGN) 487 Onshore complaints procedure.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father owns a fishing vessel and always likes undertakes commercial deep sea fishing trips.My mother has been very worried due rising water tides in the British Channel and of a possible sea accidents.", + "original_question": "Are fishing vessels covered under maritime labour convention?" + }, + { + "id": "train-358", + "question": "Scenario: My elder brother works as a seafairer in a UK Oil tanker operating in Strait of Hormuz. I have missed him so much and i would like to invite him for my December wedding.I am sure he will be very happy to attend.\n\nQuestion: Are seafearers entittled for a holiday leave ?\n\nDocument - Seafarer working and living rights:\n## Overview\n\nAll seafarers have working and living rights that include:\n\n- employment contracts\n\n- accommodation\n\n- food and medical care\n\nA seafarer is anyone who works on board a seagoing ship, including:\n\n- master and crew\n\n- self-employed contractors\n\n- shopkeepers and hairdressers\n\n- entertainers\n\nA seagoing ship is any vessel:\n\n- on an international voyage or from a foreign port\n\n- on a domestic journey from the UK coast\n\n- more than 500 gross tonnes\n\nThe Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006 came into force on 7 August 2014. It replaced all existing laws on seafarers\u2019 rights.\n\n## Working conditions\n\nThere are minimum requirements seafarers must meet to work at sea.\n\n## Minimum age\n\nThe minimum age for seafarers is 16, although this is 18 if the work involves any:\n\n- night work\n\n- hazardous tasks\n\n## Hazardous tasks\n\nManual tasks on a ship can be hazardous if not done properly, like:\n\n- lifting\n\n- hauling\n\n- mooring\n\n- towing\n\nEmployers of seafarers must ensure their staff:\n\n- know how to operate any equipment correctly\n\n- are aware of safety procedures\n\n- have access to protective personal equipment if needed\n\n## Medical certification for seafarers\n\nAnyone in charge of a ship must have an ENG1 seafarer medical certificate.\n\n## Certificates of competency\n\nSome seafarers will need a certificate of competency before they can carry out certain duties.\n\n## Conditions of employment\n\nSeafarers\u2019 employment contracts are covered by the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006.\n\n## Working time regulations\n\nAll seafarers on seagoing ships are entitled to:\n\n- a minimum of 10 hours\u2019 rest in any 24 hour period\n\n- 77 hours rest in any 7 day period\n\n- at least 4 weeks\u2019 paid annual leave\n\nRead the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002 for more information.\n\n## The 'human element'\n\nThe term \u2018human element\u2019 covers anything to do with the interaction between a human and any system aboard ship, and is of high importance in maritime safety and security.\n\nFactors which affect the human element include:\n\n- recruitment and selection policies and methods\n\n- crew competence, training and experience\n\n- conditions of service, motivation and morale\n\n- design, construction and ergonomics\n\n- standards of build and certification\n\n- maintenance\n\n- stress and fatigue\n\n- security\n\n- living and working conditions\n\n- manning levels and hours of work\n\n- management policies\n\n- safety management systems\n\n- operational systems\n\n- organisational and safety culture\n\n- culture of continuous improvement and workforce engagement\n\nFor more information read \u2018The human element: a guide to human behaviour in the shipping industry\u2019.\n\n## Safe working practices\n\nAll UK ships must carry copies of the \u2018Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen\u2019, unless it\u2019s a fishing boat or pleasure vessel.\n\n## Safe manning of ships\n\nEmployers must ensure their ships have enough properly trained and certificated officers so that it can operate safely at all times.\n\nThere must also be sufficient food on board for the number of seafarers serving.\n\nRead more in \u2018Merchant Shipping Notice 1868 (M) UK requirements for safe manning and watchkeeping\u2019.\n\n## Noise and vibration\n\nA seafarer\u2019s employer must carry out risk assessments to identify who\u2019s at risk from noise or vibration in their work and what can be done to reduce or remove these risks.\n\n## Protective personal equipment (PPE)\n\nA seafarer\u2019s employer must give them suitable protective equipment if they\u2019re performing dangerous tasks.\n\nYou can find further information in the code of safe working practices for merchant seafarers.\n\n## Living conditions\n\nSeafarers\u2019 living conditions are covered by Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) rules on crew accommodation.\n\n## Food and catering\n\nSeafarers\u2019 food and catering conditions are covered by MSN 1845 under MLC rules.\n\n## Health and safety\n\nEmployers of seafarers must follow health and safety rules and provide:\n\n- safe working places and environment\n\n- safe machinery and equipment\n\n- health and safety training, instruction, supervision and information\n\n- a health and safety policy\n\n- protective clothing and equipment where necessary\n\n- information for workers about the findings of their risk assessment\n\n- information on what qualifications any temporary workers must have\n\n- information about their activities and staff to the company\n\n## Risk assessments\n\nAny vessel seafarers work onboard must have had a risk assessment carried out by their employer or the ship owner.\n\n## New or expectant mothers\n\nWhere women of childbearing age are employed as seafarers, a risk assessment must take place of any potential hazard likely to affect a new or expectant mother.\n\nIt does not matter if they are pregnant at the time of the assessment or not.\n\nIf a risk is found that cannot be removed, a new or expectant mother working as a seafarer can be suspended on full pay providing they have either:\n\n- told their employer they\u2019re pregnant\n\n- given birth in the last 6 months\n\n- are breastfeeding\n\nFor more information on health and safety rules for new and expectant mothers, contact the Seafarer Safety and Health Branch of the Maritime and Coastguard Authority (MCA).\n\n## Additional dangers\n\nSeafarers may face additional dangers when living onboard ships.\n\n## Petrol generators\n\nShips that use petrol generators must have a risk assessment carried out to make sure they provide:\n\n- sufficient power for accommodation and lighting\n\n- adequate ventilation\n\n- adequate alarms - for example, carbon monoxide alarms\n\n## Fumigating cargo spaces\n\nIf pesticides are on board a ship, employers must make sure:\n\n- adequate breathing aids are provided for seafarers checking fumigated cargo bulks\n\n- the ship\u2019s destination port is told 24 hours in advance of receiving this cargo\n\n- properly trained personnel check the relevant cargo bulks at port\n\n## Illegal drugs\n\nThe unauthorised presence of drugs on board a ship can have serious legal implications for seafarers and employers, potentially resulting in:\n\n- heavy fines\n\n- detention of a ship\n\n- imprisonment\n\n- the death penalty\n\n## Potentially dangerous cargo\n\nIf seafarers deal with certain toxic cargo or equipment on board ships, their employer must follow a number of specific requirements.\n\nYou can find further information on specialist ships in section 4 of the Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen.\n\n## Health and medical care\n\nEmployers must protect their seafarers\u2019 health by:\n\n- providing immunisations for certain infectious diseases\n\n- making sure hygiene measures are effective and minimise the risks of infection\n\n- making arrangements for infection control\n\n- having the right medical supplies\n\n- knowing the routes and destinations of their ships\n\nUntil the UK made the Maritime Labour Convention (MLA) law, seafarers\u2019 health and safety regulations were covered by the Merchant Shipping Act 1995\n\n## Maritime Labour Convention\n\nThe Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) came into force for the UK on 7 August 2014. It sets out the minimum working and living rights for seafarers.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nThe MLC does not cover seafarers serving on the following boats:\n\n- ships navigating inland or sheltered waters subject to port regulations\n\n- fishing vessels\n\n- warships and naval auxiliaries\n\n- traditional ships, such as dhows\n\n## Minimum requirements\n\nThe MLC sets out minimum standards for seafarers to work on a ship, including:\n\n- minimum age\n\n- medical certification\n\n- training and qualifications\n\n## Age\n\nThe minimum age for seafarers will be 16. Night workers have to be 18 or over.\n\nExceptions can be allowed for:\n\n- training purposes\n\n- where the seafarer\u2019s duties require it, as long as their health and safety is not affected\n\n## Medical certification\n\nAll seafarers must have the right medical certificate to work at sea before they can work on ships.\n\n## Training and qualifications\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers will need to:\n\n- be trained and qualified to perform onboard duties\n\n- receive personal safety training\n\n- for training to conform to International Maritime Organisation standards\n\nFind out more about seafarer training and qualifications.\n\n## Conditions of employment\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers have minimum working rights covering:\n\n- employment agreements\n\n- wages\n\n- hours of rest\n\n- entitlement to leave\n\n- repatriation\n\n- compensation for a ship\u2019s loss or foundering\n\n- manning levels\n\n- career and skills development\n\n- employment opportunities\n\n## Employment contracts\n\nThe convention makes sure contracts between seafarers and shipowner provide fair living and working conditions.\n\nContracts should be in English and include:\n\n- shipowner\u2019s name and address\n\n- seafarer\u2019s name, date and place of birth\n\n- place and date where agreement signed\n\n- conditions for the termination of agreement\n\n- health and social security protection benefits provided by shipowner\n\n- seafarer\u2019s right to repatriation\n\nSeafarers must also be:\n\n- allowed to read and consider contracts before signing them\n\n- given a record of their employment\n\n- given their own copy of their contract (the shipowner should also have a copy)\n\n## Wages\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers\u2019 wages must be:\n\n- paid regularly - for example, monthly\n\n- include monthly statements of accounts\n\n- allow seafarers to transfer part or all of their wages\n\n- keep currency conversion charges to reasonable limits\n\n## Hours of rest\n\nHours of rest must be at least:\n\n- 10 hours in any 24 hour period\n\n- 77 hours in any 7 day period\n\nCrew exercises, such as lifeboat drills, must cause minimal disruption to rest periods. Seafarers called out in a rest period are entitled to a rest period to make up for it.\n\nYou can read Merchant Shipping Notice (MSN) 1848 (M) Amendment 3 MLC survey and certification of UK ships.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers are entitled to paid leave calculated at 2.5 days per calendar month of employment.\n\nRead more about holiday pay for seafarers in the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002.\n\n## Repatriation\n\nThis gives seafarers the right to be returned to their home country:\n\n- when their employment contract ends or is cancelled\n\n- when they\u2019re no longer able to carry out their duties\n\n- in the event of shipwreck\n\n- if their ship is bound for a war zone they have not agreed to go to\n\nShipowners cannot request advance payment for repatriation from seafarers. If a shipowner does not make repatriation arrangements, seafarers on UK ships can be repatriated by the MCA.\n\n## Accommodation and recreational facilities\n\nThe Maritime and Labour Convention (MLC) ensures seafarers have access to decent accommodation and recreational facilities when living on ships.\n\n## Medical care\n\nThese cover seafarers\u2019 rights to:\n\n- decent on board health protection facilities, including essential dental care\n\n- the right to visit qualified medical personnel while in port\n\n- access to a qualified medical doctor on ships carrying more than 100 people on international voyages lasting more than 3 days\n\n- where there is no doctor on board, there must be designated and able seafarer(s) to provide first aid and medical care\n\n## Shipowner\u2019s liabilities\n\nUnder the MLC, if a seafarer suffers accident or disability because of their work the shipowner must provide where necessary:\n\n- assistance and medical care\n\n- repatriation\n\n- burial or cremation, if they die\n\nThe shipowner must have financial cover in case they are liable for compensation for long-term disability or illness.\n\nA shipowner is not liable when an injury is not related to a seafarer\u2019s duties, when it\u2019s caused by wilful misconduct or when a seafarer intentionally hides an illness or disability.\n\n## Health and safety protection\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers\u2019 work environments on ships must:\n\n- have regular risk assessments of workplace hazards - for example, from machinery\n\n- take steps to prevent work accidents\n\n- have a system for reporting accidents and occupational diseases\n\n## Enforcement\n\nUnder the MLC, the MCA can withdraw a ship\u2019s maritime labour certificate if seafarer living and working conditions are breached.\n\n## Complaints\n\nSeafarers can complain if the MLC has not been followed. On board a ship seafarers can complain to a manager. On shore seafarers can complain to an MCA surveyor.\n\nRead MSN 1849 On-board complaints procedure and Marine Guidance Note (MGN) 487 Onshore complaints procedure.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My elder brother works as a seafairer in a UK Oil tanker operating in Strait of Hormuz. I have missed him so much and i would like to invite him for my December wedding.I am sure he will be very happy to attend.", + "original_question": "Are seafearers entittled for a holiday leave ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-360", + "question": "Scenario: My Brother is a Music artist and just discovered that a certain local radio station is using his Music without his awareness.After contacting them they said that are open for a discussion out of court.\n\nQuestion: Can he use a mediator?\n\nDocument - Defend your intellectual property:\n## Overview\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to defend your intellectual property (IP) and to take action if someone\u2019s used it without permission (known as \u2018infringement\u2019).\n\nExamples of IP infringement include when someone:\n\n- uses, sells or imports your patented product or process\n\n- uses all or some of your work under copyright without your permission\n\n- makes, offers or sells your registered design for commercial gain\n\n- uses a trade mark that\u2019s identical or similar to one you\u2019ve registered\n\nYou can take the following steps.\n\n- Get the other party to stop using your IP or come to an agreement with them, for example license your IP.\n\n- Use mediation or another type of dispute resolution.\n\n- Take legal action if you can\u2019t resolve the dispute by other means.\n\nYou may want to get help from an IP professional, such as a solicitor. The Intellectual Property Office (IPO) can also help.\n\n## Report IP crime\n\nIt can be a criminal offence to copy or use copyright material and registered trade marks and designs without permission.\n\nReport suspected IP crime to Trading Standards by contacting Citizens Advice.\n\nYou can also report it anonymously through:\n\n- Crimestoppers\n\n- Action Fraud\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nAn intellectual property (IP) professional can give you legal advice on a dispute, or act on your behalf.\n\nFind an IP professional through organisations including:\n\n- The Chartered Institute of Patent Attorneys\n\n- The Chartered Institute of Trade Mark Attorneys\n\n- The Law Society (England and Wales)\n\n- The Law Society of Scotland\n\n- The Law Society of Northern Ireland\n\n## Contact the Intellectual Property Office (IPO)\n\nYou can contact IPO for:\n\n- an opinion on whether your patent or supplementary protection certificate is being infringed - it costs \u00a3200\n\n- to start legal proceedings over some types of IP dispute (this does not include copyright infringement)\n\n- general advice on IP\n\n## Come to an agreement\n\nIf someone is using your IP without your permission you can contact them and ask them to stop.\n\nYou can be sued for making unjustified threats. You may want to seek legal advice before contacting the other party.\n\n## Make a deal\n\nYou can offer to make a deal with the other party, which is usually cheaper and quicker than going to court.\n\nRead the guidance on how to license, sell, mortgage and market your:\n\n- copyright\n\n- patent\n\n- design\n\n- trade mark\n\nYou can also come to a coexistence agreement with someone who has a similar trade mark.\n\n## Use a mediator\n\nYou can use a mediator if you can\u2019t come to an agreement over an intellectual property (IP) dispute.\n\nMediation can be used in most IP disputes. This includes disputes about:\n\n- trade marks\n\n- copyright\n\n- designs\n\n- patents\n\nMediation is a way of resolving disputes without going to court. It\u2019s cheaper and quicker than taking legal action and the outcome is usually beneficial to all parties.\n\nMediators provide an independent view on a dispute. They can\u2019t make a decision for you, but they can help to find a solution that both parties accept.\n\nDiscussions with a mediator are confidential and can\u2019t be used in court later if the dispute isn\u2019t resolved.\n\n## IPO mediation service\n\nThe Intellectual Property Office (IPO) has its own mediation service.\n\nWhat you will pay for mediation depends on the type and length of mediation session.\n\nRead guidance on IPO\u2019s mediation service, including information on fees.\n\n## Other mediators you can use\n\nYou can also use the:\n\n- Civil Mediation Council (England and Wales)\n\n- Scottish Mediation Network\n\n- Northern Ireland Mediation\n\n## Take legal action\n\nYou can file legal proceedings either through the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) or through the courts.\n\nSome types of proceedings can only be filed through one or the other. For example, copyright infringement claims can only be filed through the courts.\n\nA court will expect you to have tried to resolve your dispute - possibly using mediation - before starting legal proceedings.\n\nYou can pay an Intellectual Property Professional to help you.\n\n## File through IPO\n\nContact IPO for more information on filing through them.\n\n## File through the courts in England and Wales\n\nThe court you go to depends on the nature, complexity and value of your claim.\n\n## Claims below \u00a310,000\n\nUse the Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) small claims track if your claim is for less than \u00a310,000 and for infringement of one of the following:\n\n- copyright\n\n- passing off\n\n- trade marks\n\n- breach of confidence\n\n- unregistered design rights\n\nYou don\u2019t need a lawyer to use the IPEC small claims track.\n\n## Claims up to \u00a3500,000\n\nYou can take a case for any IP right to the Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) if you do not wish to claim more than:\n\n- \u00a350,000 for legal costs\n\n- \u00a3500,000 for damages\n\n## If you\u2019re claiming more than \u00a3500,000 in damages\n\nUse the Chancery Division of the High Court of England and Wales - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.\n\n## File through the courts in Scotland\n\nUse the Court of Session if your claim is complex or valuable - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.\n\n## File through the courts in Northern Ireland\n\nYou can use the Chancery Division of the High Court of Northern Ireland if your claim is complex or valuable - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/defend-your-intellectual-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Brother is a Music artist and just discovered that a certain local radio station is using his Music without his awareness.After contacting them they said that are open for a discussion out of court.", + "original_question": "Can he use a mediator?" + }, + { + "id": "train-365", + "question": "Scenario: I own a commercial shipping company with 400 gross tonnage which operates from Europe to canada via the North Atlantic route . I am very worried because 3 employees have contracted covid and i want to send a message .\n\nQuestion: Can i call the the MSI office for a distress call?\n\nDocument - Maritime safety: weather and navigation:\n## Maritime Safety Information broadcasts\n\nHM Coastguard regularly broadcasts Maritime Safety Information (MSI) by radio. MSI includes:\n\n- information on wind strength and direction\n\n- warnings of restricted visibility\n\n- updates on sea conditions\n\n- navigational guidance and warnings\n\nMSI broadcasts may be interrupted or delayed due to search and rescue operations.\n\nYou must check MSI and other weather and tide information to avoid collisions and accidents at sea. You must also make sure that you understand any navigational guidance or warnings that are broadcast to your ship.\n\n## How to receive MSI\n\nMSI is broadcast:\n\n- by NAVTEX (Navigational telex) out to 270 miles\n\n- on VHF out to 30 miles\n\n- on MF out to 150 miles\n\nRead the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) guide to maritime safety information, which includes information on broadcast frequencies.\n\n## Weather and tide information\n\n## Weather information at sea\n\nFind information about conditions at sea from The Met Office provides useful information about conditions at sea, including:\n\n- a shipping forecast and gale warnings\n\n- marine observations which give information on wave height, visibility and sea temperature\n\n## Longer-term weather outlooks\n\nYou can get an extended outlook with information up to 5 days in advance on the 518 NAVTEX service.\n\n## Information about tides\n\nThe UK Hydrographic Office provide information on tides through the Admiralty Easy Tide Service.\n\n## Navigational guidance and warnings\n\nYou can get navigational information by radio from:\n\n- navigational warnings, broadcast on either NAVTEX or Inmarsat SafetyNET\n\n- NAVAREA (I) warnings, broadcast through EGC SafetyNET\n\n- UK coastal navigational warnings broadcast on VHF and MF on selected aerials at 4-hourly intervals\n\nRead more about maritime safety broadcast times and medical advice calls.\n\nIn-force navigational warnings are shown on the UK Hydrographic Office (UKHO) website.\n\n## Reporting navigational hazards\n\nYou may get warnings about:\n\n- damaged or broken lights, fog signals, buoys and navigational aids that affect main shipping lanes\n\n- wrecks, reefs, rocks and shoals that might be a danger to main shipping lanes\n\n- drifting hazards, such as derelict ships, mines, ice\n\n- unexpected changes or closures of established routes\n\n- cable or pipe laying, naval exercises or underwater operations that might be a danger for shipping lanes\n\n- problems with radio navigation, radio or satellite maritime safety information services\n\n- areas to avoid where search and rescue and anti-pollution activities are happening\n\nContact the United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (UKHO) Radio navigational warning helpline if you\u2019ve spotted any of these hazards or want to ask about them.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to contribute toward the cost of broadcasting any necessary warnings if you\u2019re responsible for causing a navigational hazard.\n\n## Navigating safely\n\nSafe navigation is particularly important in adverse weather and sea conditions.\n\nRead more about keeping a safe navigational watch on merchant ships.\n\n## Navigation lights, shapes and sound signals\n\nYour ship must comply with the requirements for navigation lights and other equipment in the \u2018Merchant Shipping (Distress Signals and Prevention of Collisions) Regulations\u2019.\n\n## Restricted visibility\n\nRead information on navigating in restricted visibility.\n\n## High-speed craft\n\nRead information on controlling high-speed craft in adverse sea conditions.\n\n## Navigating in the Dover Strait\n\nThe Dover Strait is one of the busiest shipping lanes in the world. The Dover Strait Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) exists to help ships crossing the Dover Strait to navigate safely and avoid collisions.\n\nRead information about the TSS and guidance for ships in the Dover Strait.\n\n## The Dover Strait and Channel Navigation Information Service (CNIS)\n\nThe Dover CNIS provides a 24-hour radio and radar service for all shipping in the Dover Strait.\n\nDover CNIS broadcasts information in the Dover TSS area every 60 minutes (30 minutes if visibility drops below 2 miles). You can find these on VHF radio channel 11.\n\nDover CNIS broadcasts information on:\n\n- weather and sea conditions\n\n- navigational hazards, like hampered vessels\n\n- misplaced or defective navigational aids\n\n- deep draught bulk carriers and tankers\n\n- vessels under tow\n\n- surveying vessels\n\n- unorthodox crossings, such as cross-channel swims\n\nInformation is also broadcast about any ship that appears to be breaking the \nInternational Regulations for the Prevention of Collisions at Sea to warn other ships of a potential hazard.\n\nShips using the TSS are automatically tracked by radar. This information can be used in a prosecution if any ship breaks the law.\n\n## Voyage data recorders\n\nA voyage data recorder (VDR), often known as the ship\u2019s \u2018black box\u2019, collects and stores information over the course of a ship\u2019s journey, including:\n\n- the ship\u2019s position\n\n- audio from the ship\u2019s bridge\n\n- the ship\u2019s speed and heading\n\n- depth under the keel\n\n- VHF radio communications\n\nAll VDRs must be tested after installation and then inspected every year.\n\nFind out more about the requirements for voyage data recorders.\n\n## The Global Maritime Distress and Safety System\n\nThe Global Maritime Distress and Safety System (GMDSS) is a maritime communications system used for:\n\n- emergency and distress messages\n\n- vessel-to-vessel routine communications\n\n- vessel-to-shore routine communications\n\nIf you own commercial ships with over 300 gross tonnage, or certain smaller craft, fit them with GMDSS equipment.\n\nMost offshore yacht races also now insist that competing yachts are GMDSS-equipped.\n\nRead the Merchant Shipping (Radio Installations) Regulations for more information on who has to fit GMDSS.\n\n## Digital Selective Calling (DSC) for pleasure craft\n\nIt\u2019s voluntary for small leisure craft to have GMDSS, but HM Coastguard strongly recommends that pleasure craft install GMDSS with DSC.\n\nDSC is a tone-signalling system with the ability to include other information like:\n\n- a vessel\u2019s identification number\n\n- the purpose of the call\n\n- your position\n\n- the channel you want to speak on\n\n## Register 406 MHz beacons\n\nA 406 megahertz (MHz) beacon can send a distress signal via satellites to alert search and rescue authorities to your location. There are 3 types:\n\n- Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacons (EPIRBs) for ships and boats\n\n- Emergency Locator Transmitters (ELTs) for aircraft\n\n- Personal Locator Beacons (PLBs) for personal use\n\nYou must register your 406 MHz beacon with the coastguard and keep your registration up to date.\n\nIf your beacon is activated and a distress signal received, the search and rescue authorities will contact you using the information on the register.\n\nYou must provide an emergency contact who will be called if you\u2019re unreachable.\n\nNotify the coastguard of changes to your beacon or your vessel - this will help to locate you in an emergency.\n\n## Register or update a registration\n\nYou can register or update a registration online.\n\nRegistration and updates are free.\n\nContact the UK Beacon Registry for help with registering.\n\n## Navigation equipment for small commercial vessels\n\nSmall commercial ships should keep a listening watch on VHF channel 16 for any coastguard announcements.\n\nYou should fit VHF DSC (Digital Selective Calling) if your ship needs a fixed VHF channel to receive these broadcasts.\n\nAll new vessels and all those replacing VHF radios must have VHF DSC installed.\n\n## Radio installation\n\nYou must mount any radio aerials as high as you can to get the best possible reception. If your main aerial is fitted to a mast, you should also provide an emergency aerial.\n\nContact the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) if you\u2019re not sure of the VHF coverage in the area where you\u2019ll be operating.\n\nYou must make sure that you\u2019re able to charge the batteries that charge the ships\u2019 radio equipment and that they\u2019re protected from flooding.\n\nYour fixed radio installation should be marked with:\n\n- the ship\u2019s call sign\n\n- codes for the use of the radio\n\n- Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number (where applicable)\n\nYou should also have a card giving information on radio distress, urgency and safety procedures in full view of the radio operating position.\n\n## Navigation lights, shapes and sound signals\n\nYour ship must meet the requirements of the Merchant Shipping (Distress Signals and Prevention of Collisions) Regulations.\n\nSmall vessels may be exempt from certain requirements, for example if:\n\n- you only operate between sunrise and sunset or in favourable weather, in which case you do not have to carry navigation lights\n\n- your vessel is less than 12 metres in length, in which case you do not have to carry sound signalling equipment\n\nRead the rules in section 17 of MGN 280 on navigation lights, shapes and sound signals for small commercial vessels. Rules for other navigational equipment are detailed in section 18.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maritime-safety-weather-and-navigation", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a commercial shipping company with 400 gross tonnage which operates from Europe to canada via the North Atlantic route . I am very worried because 3 employees have contracted covid and i want to send a message .", + "original_question": "Can i call the the MSI office for a distress call?" + }, + { + "id": "train-367", + "question": "Scenario: My father is a land owner and wants to develop his vast land and build a permanent family house. He has accumulated all the materials necessary to build.\n\nQuestion: Does he need planning permission to build?\n\nDocument - Planning permission for farms:\n## When you need it\n\nFarms are covered by the same planning regulations as other types of property. Some planning rules include special conditions for agricultural buildings and land.\n\nYou need planning permission if:\n\n- you want to change how you use your land or buildings from farming to something else\n\n- you want to build a house on the land\n\nYou will also usually need planning permission if you are applying for a grant to fund a project that needs a building or other development.\n\n## When you don\u2019t need it\n\nYou don\u2019t need planning permission:\n\n- for farming operations\n\n- to use buildings already on your land for farming purposes\n\n- to change the inside of a building, or make small alterations to the outside - eg installing an alarm box\n\n- if there are permitted development rights\n\nBefore starting work on the project, always check with:\n\n- your local planning authority in England and Wales\n\n- your local planning authority in Scotland\n\n- you local area planning office in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you don\u2019t get planning permission when you need it you may have to stop work on the development or demolish it.\n\n## Apply for planning permission\n\nIn England and Wales, you can apply online at the Planning Portal.\n\nIn Scotland you can apply online at ePlanning Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you apply for planning permission to your local area planning office.\n\n## Permitted development\n\nPermitted development means that if your farm is 5 hectares or more, you have the right to:\n\n- erect, extend or alter a building\n\n- carry out excavations and engineering operations needed for agricultural purposes - though you may still require approval for certain details of the development.\n\nThe types of permitted development include:\n\n- temporary uses of land\n\n- agricultural buildings below a certain size\n\n- forestry buildings\n\n- caravan sites and related buildings in some circumstances\n\nCheck with your local planning authority (or local area planning office in Northern Ireland) before making use of permitted development rights to make sure your development won\u2019t need planning permission.\n\nThe Agricultural Document Library (ADLib) has policy planning guidance on permitted development and farms.\n\n## Appeals\n\nThe way you appeal and the deadlines for appealing are different depending on which country you\u2019re in. See the relevant planning guide for more information:\n\n- England and Wales\n\n- Scotland", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father is a land owner and wants to develop his vast land and build a permanent family house. He has accumulated all the materials necessary to build.", + "original_question": "Does he need planning permission to build?" + }, + { + "id": "train-368", + "question": "Scenario: Our parents in law will be visiting us in Uk during summer time from canada and our house is small. My partner and i have come up with an idea of putting a caravan in our garden to accomodate them.\n\nQuestion: Is this a permitted development?\n\nDocument - Planning permission for farms:\n## When you need it\n\nFarms are covered by the same planning regulations as other types of property. Some planning rules include special conditions for agricultural buildings and land.\n\nYou need planning permission if:\n\n- you want to change how you use your land or buildings from farming to something else\n\n- you want to build a house on the land\n\nYou will also usually need planning permission if you are applying for a grant to fund a project that needs a building or other development.\n\n## When you don\u2019t need it\n\nYou don\u2019t need planning permission:\n\n- for farming operations\n\n- to use buildings already on your land for farming purposes\n\n- to change the inside of a building, or make small alterations to the outside - eg installing an alarm box\n\n- if there are permitted development rights\n\nBefore starting work on the project, always check with:\n\n- your local planning authority in England and Wales\n\n- your local planning authority in Scotland\n\n- you local area planning office in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you don\u2019t get planning permission when you need it you may have to stop work on the development or demolish it.\n\n## Apply for planning permission\n\nIn England and Wales, you can apply online at the Planning Portal.\n\nIn Scotland you can apply online at ePlanning Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you apply for planning permission to your local area planning office.\n\n## Permitted development\n\nPermitted development means that if your farm is 5 hectares or more, you have the right to:\n\n- erect, extend or alter a building\n\n- carry out excavations and engineering operations needed for agricultural purposes - though you may still require approval for certain details of the development.\n\nThe types of permitted development include:\n\n- temporary uses of land\n\n- agricultural buildings below a certain size\n\n- forestry buildings\n\n- caravan sites and related buildings in some circumstances\n\nCheck with your local planning authority (or local area planning office in Northern Ireland) before making use of permitted development rights to make sure your development won\u2019t need planning permission.\n\nThe Agricultural Document Library (ADLib) has policy planning guidance on permitted development and farms.\n\n## Appeals\n\nThe way you appeal and the deadlines for appealing are different depending on which country you\u2019re in. See the relevant planning guide for more information:\n\n- England and Wales\n\n- Scotland", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Our parents in law will be visiting us in Uk during summer time from canada and our house is small. My partner and i have come up with an idea of putting a caravan in our garden to accomodate them.", + "original_question": "Is this a permitted development?" + }, + { + "id": "train-369", + "question": "Scenario: Both of my parents arrived and settled in UK in 1970 from Kenya. I have been born here and have lived here for 30 years continuously. I would like to apply for British Citizenship .\n\nQuestion: Will i be eligible for the windrush settlement scheme?\n\nDocument - Windrush Scheme: get a document showing your right to be in the UK:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re settled in the UK but do not have a document to prove it, you may be eligible to apply to the \u2018Windrush Scheme\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:\n\n- you came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973\n\n- your parents came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973\n\n- you came to the UK from any country before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nYou might also be entitled to apply for citizenship for free if you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen who settled in the UK before 1 January 1973, or you\u2019re the child of someone who did.\n\n## If you suffered losses because you did not have documents\n\nIf you are eligible for this scheme, you might also be able to apply for compensation. The compensation scheme is for losses that happened because you could not show that you had a right to live in the UK.\n\n\u2018Losses\u2019 can be things like not being able to work, find a place to live or get health treatment. They can also include immigration action, like detention or removal from the UK.\n\n## You arrived before 1973 from a Commonwealth country\n\nYou may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen\n\n- you were settled in the UK before 1 January 1973\n\nWhat you\u2019re entitled to depends on whether you:\n\n- have been living in the UK continuously\n\n- left the UK for more than 2 years and came back\n\n- are outside the UK\n\n## If you\u2019ve been living in the UK continuously\n\nIf you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously, or have the right of abode, you can apply for one of the following:\n\n- British citizenship\n\n- evidence you have the right of abode\n\n- a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019ve left the UK for more than 2 years and come back\n\nIf you\u2019ve been away from the UK for more than 2 years at some point and are now lawfully in the UK, you might be entitled to indefinite leave to remain.\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain you might be able to apply for either:\n\n- a document to prove you have this\n\n- British citizenship\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve left the UK and have lost your indefinite leave to remain, you might be entitled to:\n\n- a Returning Resident visa\n\n- a 10 year multiple entry visa\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## You're the child of a Commonwealth citizen who arrived before 1973\n\nYou can apply for British citizenship or a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain.\n\nIf you do not have indefinite leave to remain but are here lawfully, you can apply for it through the scheme.\n\nTo apply, one of your parents must be a Commonwealth citizen and either:\n\n- was settled in the UK before 1 January 1973\n\n- had the right of abode\n\nOne of the following must also be true:\n\n- you were born in the UK\n\n- you came to live in the UK before turning 18\n\nYou must have lived continuously in the UK since arriving (or being born) here.\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## You arrived before 1989\n\nYou can apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if you came to live in the UK before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here.\n\nYou can be of any nationality.\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## How to apply\n\nWhen you apply, the Home Office will work with other government departments to find records of you living in the UK.\n\nNone of your information will be shared with immigration enforcement teams.\n\n## If you\u2019re in the UK\n\nApply using the Windrush Scheme application form (UK).\n\nPost it to the address on the form with your supporting documents.\n\nThe Windrush helpline can post a paper form to you.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYou must apply using an online form.\n\n## Fee\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Windrush taskforce will get in touch with you if they have any questions about your application, or if they need more information.\n\n## Give your fingerprints and photo\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to provide your fingerprints and photo (\u2018biometric information\u2019) once you\u2019ve sent in your form. You will not have to pay anything to do this.\n\n## Commonwealth countries\n\nYou may be eligible for the Windrush Scheme if you arrived in the UK from any country before 1989.\n\nYou may also be eligible if you or your parent is a citizen of one of the following Commonwealth countries:\n\n- Anguilla\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- The Bahamas\n\n- Bangladesh\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Bermuda\n\n- Botswana\n\n- British Antarctic Territory\n\n- British Indian Ocean Territory\n\n- Brunei\n\n- Canada\n\n- Cayman Islands\n\n- Cyprus (excluding the Sovereign base area)\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Falkland Islands\n\n- Fiji\n\n- The Gambia\n\n- Ghana\n\n- Gibraltar\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Hong Kong\n\n- India\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Kenya\n\n- Kiribati\n\n- Lesotho\n\n- Malawi\n\n- Malaysia\n\n- Maldives\n\n- Malta\n\n- Mauritius\n\n- Monserrat\n\n- Namibia\n\n- Nauru\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Nigeria\n\n- Pakistan\n\n- Papua New Guinea\n\n- Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands\n\n- Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha\n\n- Saint Lucia\n\n- Samoa\n\n- Seychelles\n\n- Sierra Leone\n\n- Singapore\n\n- Solomon Islands\n\n- South Africa\n\n- South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands\n\n- Sri Lanka\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Vincent and The Grenadines\n\n- Swaziland\n\n- Tanzania\n\n- Tonga\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- Turks and Caicos Islands\n\n- Tuvalu\n\n- Uganda\n\n- Vanuatu\n\n- Virgin Islands\n\n- Zambia\n\n- Zimbabwe\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Windrush helpline\n\nThe Windrush helpline can:\n\n- help you make a claim\n\n- give extra support to those who need it - for example, elderly or vulnerable claimants\n\n- post a form to you\n\nIf you are outside the UK, email the helpline and request a call back.\n\nOutside of the helpline opening hours, you can leave a message to ask for your call to be returned at a convenient time.\n\nYou can also sign up for email updates about the scheme.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Both of my parents arrived and settled in UK in 1970 from Kenya. I have been born here and have lived here for 30 years continuously. I would like to apply for British Citizenship .", + "original_question": "Will i be eligible for the windrush settlement scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-371", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle has a 14 year old step son who moved to England from India last month.He has been looking for a special grammar school for him to join.\n\nQuestion: Will he be required to do and pass an entrance exam in order for him to qualify?\n\nDocument - School admissions:\n## Choosing schools\n\nIf you live in England contact your local council to find:\n\n- state-funded schools in your area\n\n- admission criteria for the schools you\u2019re interested in\n\nThe process is different if you live in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nYou can also contact your local council to apply for places at state schools in other areas. You can search online to find schools in England.\n\n## Private schools or home schooling\n\nIf you\u2019re looking for a place at a private school (also called \u2018independent schools\u2019), contact the school directly.\n\nYou can also choose to teach your child at home, known as home schooling.\n\n## Children with special educational needs (SEN)\n\nIf your child has SEN, their Education, Health and Care (EHC) plan will name a school for them. The school must give your child a place.\n\nYou can ask your local council to carry out an assessment if you think your child needs additional support with their educational, health and social needs.\n\n## Find out about a primary or secondary school\n\nYou can find out more by:\n\n- visiting the school - most schools have open days\n\n- reading the school\u2019s most recent Ofsted reports\n\n- checking school performance tables\n\n- talking to other parents about what they think of the school\n\n## What schools must publish on their website\n\nSchools\u2019 websites must include:\n\n- admission arrangements, including how to apply\n\n- details of the curriculum\n\n- behaviour policy\n\n- links to Ofsted reports\n\n- links to performance data\n\n- the school\u2019s latest key stage 2 and 4 attainment and progress measures\n\n- their policies for children with special educational needs and disabilities\n\n- the amount of money they get for taking underprivileged children (the \u2018pupil premium\u2019), what they do with it and the effect it\u2019s had\n\nYou can also get advice about choosing state-funded schools from your local council.\n\n## Admission criteria\n\nAll schools have admission criteria to decide which children get places. The school or local council usually set these.\n\nAdmission criteria are different for each school. They may give priority to children:\n\n- who live close to the school\n\n- who have a brother or sister at the school already\n\n- from a particular religion (for faith schools)\n\n- who pass an entrance exam (for selective schools, for example grammar schools)\n\n- who went to a particular primary school (a \u2018feeder school\u2019)\n\n- who are eligible for the pupil premium or the service pupil premium\n\n- whose parent has worked at the school for 2 years or more\n\nYour local council can give you information about schools\u2019 criteria and how to apply.\n\n## Children in care\n\nAll state-funded schools must give top priority to admitting children who:\n\n- are in care or being looked after\n\n- have been in care\n\n## Complain about unfair admission arrangements\n\nContact the Schools Adjudicator if you think a school has unlawful or unfair admission arrangements.\n\nYou need to complain by 15 May of the year before you\u2019re applying for a place. For example, to complain about admission arrangements for September 2021 the deadline is 15 May 2020.\n\n## School starting age\n\nMost children start school full-time in the September after their fourth birthday. This means they\u2019ll turn 5 during their first school year.\n\nFor example, if your child\u2019s fourth birthday is between 1 September 2021 and 31 August 2022 they will usually start school in September 2022.\n\n## If you want your child to start later\n\nIf you do not think your child is ready to start school at the usual time, they can start later - as long as they\u2019re in full-time education by the time they reach \u2018compulsory school age\u2019.\n\nThey can start:\n\n- part time\n\n- part-way through the year\n\n- in the next school year, in the September after they turn 5\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to apply for a school place at the same time as everyone else. You request your child\u2019s later start when you apply.\n\n## If your child starts in the September after they turn 5\n\nYour child will go into year 1. Contact the local council or school if you want your child to start in reception instead. They do not have to agree.\n\n## Compulsory school age\n\nYour child must start full-time education once they reach compulsory school age. This is on 31 December, 31 March or 31 August following their fifth birthday - whichever comes first. If your child\u2019s fifth birthday is on one of those dates then they reach compulsory school age on that date.\n\nFor example, if your child reaches compulsory school age on 31 March, they must start full-time education at the beginning of the next term (summer term that year).\n\nChildren must stay in full-time education until they reach school leaving age.\n\nAll 3 to 4-year-olds in England are entitled to free early education before they start school full time.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFollow your local council\u2019s application process to:\n\n- apply for a primary school place\n\n- apply for a secondary school place\n\nYou must still apply for a place, even if the school is linked to your child\u2019s current nursery, infant or primary school.\n\nApply directly for:\n\n- a 6th form place at a school or college\n\n- a place at a private school\n\n## Moving to another area\n\nYou apply through your local council even if you\u2019re applying for schools in another council area or you\u2019ve just moved to England.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from another country, contact the local council in the area where you\u2019re going to live.\n\nYou may need to:\n\n- supply proof of your new address, for example a mortgage or rental agreement or deeds for the property\n\n- prove that you\u2019ll live in the area before the start of the next school term\n\n## Completing the application\n\nWhen you fill in the form (online or on paper) you\u2019ll be asked to list the schools you\u2019re applying for in order of preference.\n\nListing only one school will not increase your chances of getting a place there.\n\nTo get a copy of the application form on paper, contact your local council.\n\n## When to apply\n\nApplications open on different days in each local council area. Find out from your local council when applications open for primary or secondary schools.\n\n## Applying for a primary school place\n\nYou must apply for a primary school place a year before your child can start school.\n\nApplications open in September and close on 15 January. Your child will be 3 or have just turned 4 when you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply then even if you want your child to start part-way through the year.\n\n## Applying for a secondary school place\n\nThe deadline for applying is 31 October.\n\nYour child is less likely to be offered a place at their chosen schools if you miss the deadline for applications.\n\n## When you\u2019ll find out\n\nCouncils will send offers of school places for:\n\n- primary schools on 16 April\n\n- secondary schools on 1 March\n\nIf either date falls on a weekend or a bank holiday, offers are sent the next working day.\n\nYou must accept the offer by the deadline given in the offer letter. Otherwise it may be withdrawn and the place given to someone else.\n\nThe local council must provide a place at another school, if your child is not offered a place at any of the schools you\u2019ve applied for. This is usually your nearest school with places still available.\n\n## Applying after the start of the school year\n\nContact your local council to find out about applying for a school place once the school year has started (known as in-year applications). They can tell you which schools still have places and how to apply.\n\nOnce your child has been offered a place, they will usually start school at the beginning of the following term.\n\n## School waiting lists\n\nIf your child does not have a place, contact your local council for schools with places.\n\nYou can also put your child\u2019s name down on a waiting list. The \u2018admission authority\u2019 for the school (usually the school itself or the council) must keep a waiting list open for at least the first term of each school year.\n\nContact the school or your local council if you want your child\u2019s name added to a waiting list.\n\nYou can add your child\u2019s name to a waiting list even if they have been offered a place at another school.\n\nIf your child is on a waiting list and the school offers you a place, the admission authority will send you a formal offer. You can still accept the offer even if your child has already started at another school.\n\n## Appealing a school's decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter with the decision about your child\u2019s school. If your child is refused a place, you can appeal against the decision. The letter will tell you how.\n\nYou must appeal against each rejection separately. You can only appeal once against each rejection.\n\n## Preparing your appeal\n\nThe admission authority for the school must allow you at least 20 school days to appeal from when they send the decision letter.\n\nThe admission authority will set a deadline for submitting information and evidence to support your appeal. If you submit anything after the deadline, it might not be considered and may result in delays to your hearing.\n\nCoram Children\u2019s Legal Centre may be able to give you advice about appeals.\n\n## When the hearing will be\n\nThe admission authority must give you at least 10 school days\u2019 notice of the hearing.\n\nAppeals must be heard within 40 school days of the deadline for making an appeal.\n\n## What happens at the appeal hearing\n\nThere\u2019s a panel of 3 or more people at the appeal hearing. The panel must be independent and must follow the school admission appeals code.\n\n- The admission authority will explain why they turned down your application.\n\n- You\u2019ll be able to give your own reasons why your child should be admitted.\n\n- The appeals panel must decide if the school\u2019s admission criteria were properly followed and comply with the school admissions code.\n\n- If the criteria were not properly followed or do not comply with the school admissions code your appeal must be upheld.\n\n- If your reasons for your child to be admitted outweigh the school\u2019s reasons for not admitting any more children at all, your appeal will be upheld.\n\n- You will usually be sent the decision within 5 school days.\n\nYou can read more about school admission appeals.\n\n## Appeals for infant classes\n\nYou need to go through the same process if you\u2019re appealing a decision about an infant class. In reception, year 1 and year 2, the class size is limited to 30. Your application can be turned down if all the classes already have 30 children.\n\nYour appeal could be successful if:\n\n- giving your child a place will not increase the class size above the limit\n\n- the admission arrangements have not been properly followed\n\n- the admission criteria do not comply with the school admissions code\n\n## Complain about the appeals process\n\nYou can complain about the way the appeal was carried out, but you can not complain about the decision itself.\n\n## Maintained schools\n\nComplain to the Local Government Ombudsman.\n\nFill in the online complaint form.\n\n## If a maintained school becomes an academy\n\nIf you complain about an appeal concerning a maintained school that then converts to academy status, the Local Government Ombudsman will investigate it and pass any actions to the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA).\n\n## Other schools\n\nComplain to ESFA about an appeal made to:\n\n- free schools\n\n- academies, including university technical colleges and studio schools\n\nFill in the online complaint form.\n\nUsing the online form is the quickest way to make a complaint. If you need a paper form instead, contact:\n\nYou should get a decision on your complaint within 9 weeks (45 working days). You\u2019ll be told if it\u2019ll take longer.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter explaining the reasons for the decision.\n\nIf ESFA decides something went wrong with the appeals panel, it may:\n\n- ask the school to hold a new appeal hearing with a different panel\n\n- recommend the school reviews its appeals process\n\n## Complain about another school matter\n\nIf you have a complaint about a school that is not related to the appeals process, contact the Department for Education.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/schools-admissions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle has a 14 year old step son who moved to England from India last month.He has been looking for a special grammar school for him to join.", + "original_question": "Will he be required to do and pass an entrance exam in order for him to qualify?" + }, + { + "id": "train-374", + "question": "Scenario: I am 20 years and would like to do a voluntary work in a live in charity in London. It hosts several vulnerable and destitute women.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to be vaccinated before I can start the work?\n\nDocument - Volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19):\n## Overview\n\nYou can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group. You can also help people in your local area by doing things like picking up shopping or medicines.\n\nYou may be able to volunteer:\n\n- from home\n\n- from outside your home\n\n- in a workplace\n\nA new COVID-19 variant is spreading in some parts of England. Check what you can and cannot do if you\u2019re in an area where the new variant is spreading.\n\nThis guidance is for volunteers in England. There\u2019s different guidance on:\n\n- volunteering in Scotland\n\n- volunteering in Wales\n\n- volunteering in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you run an organisation or group, or manage volunteers, find out how to involve volunteers safely.\n\n## Where you can volunteer\n\nYou should volunteer from home where possible.\n\nFollow guidance on volunteering with other people if you have to volunteer outside your home. Do not leave home if:\n\n- you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate by NHS Test and Trace\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating for any other reason\n\nIf you\u2019re volunteering in a workplace, it should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\n## If you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19\n\nYou can volunteer outside your home, if you\u2019re at high risk from COVID-19 (clinically extremely vulnerable), but you should take extra steps to protect yourself. For example, reduce:\n\n- your social interactions\n\n- the time you spend in places where you cannot social distance\n\n## If you have COVID-19 symptoms\n\nDo not volunteer outside your home if you have COVID-19 symptoms or if you\u2019ve tested positive for COVID-19.\n\nYou must self-isolate from the date you started having symptoms or from the day you tested positive and for the next 10 full days - whichever is the latest.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-isolating your volunteer organisation should not ask you to leave home.\n\n## If you need to travel as a volunteer\n\nFind out how to travel safely if you\u2019re volunteering in England.\n\nCheck COVID-19 guidance in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland before you travel, if you need to volunteer in one of these countries.\n\nBefore volunteering abroad:\n\n- check if the country you\u2019re going to is accepting volunteers - read foreign travel advice to find out where you can go\n\n- read the guidance on travelling abroad during COVID-19\n\n- check if your volunteering role means you\u2019re exempt from travel restrictions\n\n- check the rules you must follow when you return to England\n\n## Ways to volunteer\n\nYou can volunteer during coronavirus (COVID-19) with an organisation or group, for example a charity, the NHS or a local volunteer-run group.\n\nFind out about volunteering with a charity or voluntary organisation.\n\nCheck if your local council has volunteering opportunities.\n\nYou should choose your volunteering activity based on your risk of getting seriously ill with COVID-19.\n\n## Volunteer with the NHS\n\nIf you want to help the NHS as a general volunteer, apply for the NHS volunteer responder scheme. You\u2019ll need to check if the scheme is recruiting in your area.\n\nTo volunteer in a hospital, including if you\u2019re a doctor or nurse, contact your local hospital trust.\n\nIf you want to give blood, read the guidance about donating blood during COVID-19.\n\nYou can also sign up to the NHS COVID-19 vaccine registry if you want to take part in a COVID-19 vaccine research study.\n\n## Help people in your local area\n\nYou can help others by doing activities like picking up shopping and offering support on the phone. This includes:\n\n- family, friends and neighbours who are at high risk from COVID-19 or who prefer not to go out\n\n- people who are feeling lonely or isolated\n\n- staff and volunteers in key worker roles\n\nYou can also join a mutual aid group. A mutual aid group is a local volunteer-run initiative where people come together to help each other.\n\n## Protect those you help\n\nIf you\u2019re worried about someone\u2019s health, contact the NHS or check NHS COVID-19 advice online.\n\nIf you\u2019re helping someone who\u2019s staying at home, you should follow social distancing guidelines if you do have to go indoors.\n\nIt may not always be possible to follow social distancing guidelines, for example if you\u2019re providing personal care to someone. You should consider whether the activity is essential and follow working safely guidance.\n\n## If you\u2019re helping someone who\u2019s not a friend or family member\n\nYou should show identification when you call at their home.\n\nYou should not:\n\n- ask for their credit or debit card numbers, or other financial information\n\n- take their address and phone number, unless you need it to do a task\n\n- pressure them into giving you any unnecessary information\n\nYou can find out how to help others safely on the British Red Cross website.\n\nContact the police if you think someone you\u2019re helping is being abused or neglected. Phone 999 in an emergency or 101 if the person is not in immediate danger.\n\n## Volunteering with other people\n\nWhen you volunteer, you can meet in groups of any size from different households, both indoors or outdoors. However, meeting in smaller groups can reduce the risk of coronavirus (COVID-19) spreading.\n\nYou can also meet in groups for activities like volunteer recruitment and training. This does not include meeting in groups for social activities.\n\nThe organisation or group of volunteers running the activities should follow guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\nAs a volunteer, you should:\n\n- follow social distancing guidelines\n\n- wash your hands regularly and for 20 seconds\n\n- wear a face covering indoors\n\n- make sure indoor spaces are well ventilated with fresh air\n\nIn some volunteering roles, it may not be possible for you to follow social distancing guidelines. For example, driving a vehicle with others in it. You should consider whether the activity is essential before doing it and follow the guidance on working safely during COVID-19.\n\n## Volunteering in a support group\n\nYou can volunteer in a support group. Support groups should provide mutual aid, therapy or another form of support.\n\nThere cannot be more than 30 people in the support group itself. Children under 5 are not included in this limit. There\u2019s no limit to the number of volunteers.\n\nFor example, 5 volunteers could support up to 30 people in a group session, to make a group of 35 in total.\n\nFormal support groups must not be run from private homes.\n\n## Testing and vaccination\n\nFind out how to get tested for coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nIf you volunteer in an essential role and have COVID-19 symptoms, you\u2019ll be prioritised for a test.\n\n## Who can get a vaccine\n\nYou can get vaccinated if you\u2019re a volunteer in an eligible group. This includes volunteers in frontline health and social care roles.\n\nIf you qualify for a vaccine because of your age or a clinical condition, you\u2019ll be vaccinated at the same time as other people in your area.\n\nThe NHS will let you know when you can get a vaccine and how to get it.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus-volunteering", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 20 years and would like to do a voluntary work in a live in charity in London. It hosts several vulnerable and destitute women.", + "original_question": "Do I have to be vaccinated before I can start the work?" + }, + { + "id": "train-375", + "question": "Scenario: My sister is a widow and on benefits. She got a volunteer job offer. She will be reimbursed out of pocket expenses for travels and meals.\n\nQuestion: Will this affect her benefits?\n\nDocument - Volunteer opportunities, rights and expenses:\n## Find volunteer opportunities\n\nYou can find volunteering opportunities on the:\n\n- Do-it website\n\n- Volunteering Matters website for young, older and disabled volunteers\n\n- National Association for Voluntary and Community Action website\n\n- local Volunteer Centre website\n\n- Reach Volunteering website for volunteers with specific skills - like accountancy, marketing, law, management, mentoring or IT\n\n- Volunteering Wales website\n\n- Volunteer Scotland website\n\nFind out about volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## Volunteers' rights\n\nYou do not have a contract of employment as a volunteer, so you do not have the same rights as an employee or worker.\n\nYou will usually be given a volunteer agreement that explains:\n\n- the level of supervision and support you\u2019ll get\n\n- what training you\u2019ll get\n\n- whether you\u2019re covered under the organisation\u2019s employer or public liability insurance\n\n- health and safety issues\n\n- any expenses the organisation will cover\n\nThe volunteer agreement is not compulsory, but sets out what you can expect from the organisation you\u2019re volunteering for. It does not form a contract between you and the organisation.\n\nThe National Council for Voluntary Organisations (NCVO) has information on volunteers\u2019 legal status.\n\n## When you can volunteer\n\n## Age limits\n\nThere\u2019s no upper age limit on volunteering, but anyone over 70 will need to follow public health advice on volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nSome organisations\u2019 insurance policies do not cover you if you\u2019re under 16 or over a certain age.\n\nYou cannot work for a profit-making organisation if you\u2019re under 14, even if you\u2019re not paid.\n\nYour local council might have extra rules about the work you can do as a young person.\n\n## Volunteering and benefits\n\nYou can volunteer and claim benefits if:\n\n- the only money you get from volunteering is to cover expenses, like travel costs\n\n- you continue to meet the conditions of the benefit you get\n\n## Criminal records\n\nIf you have a criminal record you can still volunteer in most roles, depending on your offences. You might need a Disclosure and Barring Service check if you want to volunteer with children or vulnerable adults.\n\n## Pay and expenses\n\nYou are not paid for your time as a volunteer, but you may get money to cover expenses. This is usually limited to food, drink, travel or any equipment you need to buy.\n\nYou may need to pay tax on your driving expenses if you get back more than you spent.\n\nYou might be classed as an employee or worker rather than a volunteer if you get any other payment, reward or benefit in kind. This includes any promise of a contract or paid work in the future.\n\nYou get certain employment rights if you\u2019re classed as an employee or worker, like getting the minimum wage.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/volunteering", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My sister is a widow and on benefits. She got a volunteer job offer. She will be reimbursed out of pocket expenses for travels and meals.", + "original_question": "Will this affect her benefits?" + }, + { + "id": "train-377", + "question": "Scenario: I am currently 20 weeks pregnant and i have been working more than 25 hours per week. My doctor has made recommendations that i should take a maternity leave and have some bed rest, This will automatically affect my wages.\n\nQuestion: Can i still apply for a working tax credit?\n\nDocument - How to claim tax credits:\n## How to claim\n\nTax credits have been replaced by Universal Credit.\n\nYou can only make a claim for Child Tax Credit or Working Tax Credit if you already get tax credits. You\u2019ll need to update your existing tax credit claim by\u00a0reporting a change in your circumstances online or by phone.\n\nIf you cannot apply for tax credits, you can apply for Universal Credit instead.\n\nYou might be able to apply for Pension Credit if you and your partner are State Pension age or over.\n\n## When to claim\n\nApply as soon as you know you\u2019re eligible so you get all the money you\u2019re entitled to.\n\nYou can claim tax credits at any time of year.\n\n## If you know your income will go down\n\nApply straight away if you know your income will drop to a level that means you\u2019ll be eligible for tax credits.\n\nFor example, you could make a claim now if you found out your income is going to drop in 6 months\u2019 time.\n\nThe income levels for Working Tax Credit and Child Tax Credit are different.\n\nUsually, tax credits are backdated by up to 31 days from the start of your claim.\n\n## Joint claims\n\nYou can apply for tax credits as a single person, or as a couple (known as a \u2018joint claim\u2019) if you\u2019re both 16 or over and living in the UK.\n\nUsually, you must make a joint claim if:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership (and not permanently or legally separated)\n\n- you live with your partner as though you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re temporarily living away from one another, for example looking after a relative or working away from home\n\n- your partner is working abroad for the government\n\nYou might also need to make a joint claim if you and your partner are not married or in a civil partnership, but:\n\n- sometimes live in the same house\n\n- have a joint financial agreement\n\n- have dependent children\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou do not always make a joint claim because you have a partner. For example, make a single claim if:\n\n- you live in the UK but your partner lives abroad (unless your partner works for the government)\n\n- you both live abroad, you\u2019re from the EEA or Switzerland and you work in the UK but your partner does not\n\n## If you\u2019re not sure\n\nCall HM Revenue and Customs to find out if you should make a joint claim.\n\nYou must pay back any tax credits you\u2019re not entitled to if you do not make the right sort of application.\n\n## Backdate a claim\n\nWhen you make a claim, your tax credits are usually backdated automatically by up to 31 days. You do not have to do anything.\n\n## If you\u2019re claiming other benefits\n\nYou have to ask for your tax credits to be backdated if you get:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (income-based)\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (income-related)\n\n- Pension Credit\n\nYou might not get the full backdated claim if you stopped getting one of these benefits in the last 31 days and you\u2019re claiming both Child Tax Credit and Working Tax Credit.\n\n## Backdating by more than 31 days\n\nTax credit claims can sometimes be backdated by more than 31 days if you:\n\n- apply within a month of getting refugee status\n\n- apply within 31 days of qualifying for certain sickness or disability benefits, such as Disability Living Allowance or Personal Independence Payment\n\nDo not apply to backdate these claims until you\u2019ve been given a decision on your refugee status or disability benefits.\n\nYou should still apply for other tax credits if you already qualify for them, for example if you have children.\n\n## How to backdate a claim\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming over the phone, call HM Revenue and Customs to ask them to backdate your claim.\n\nIf you\u2019re using claim form, include a page confirming:\n\n- your name, address and National Insurance number\n\n- the date you started work\n\n- the date you started getting one of the benefits listed, if you\u2019re not in work\n\n- the date you got a decision on your refugee status or disability benefits - if you\u2019re applying to backdate by more than 31 days\n\n## What counts as income\n\nUsually, what you\u2019re entitled to is based on your income for the last tax year (6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021).\n\nIncome includes:\n\n- money from employment before tax and National Insurance, including if you cannot work but you\u2019re still getting paid (\u2018on furlough\u2019) - check your P60s, P45s or payslips\n\n- earnings if you\u2019re self-employed before tax and National Insurance, including grants from the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme - check your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- money from some coronavirus (COVID-19) payments\n\n- benefits from your employer (check your P11D)\n\n- certain state benefits\n\n- money from a pension - including your State Pension\n\n- interest on savings\n\n- your partner\u2019s income - if you make a joint claim\n\n- UK company dividends\n\n- profit from a property you own or rent out in the UK\n\n- earnings from the Rent a Room Scheme above \u00a37,500 (or \u00a33,750 if you\u2019re a joint owner)\n\n- payment above \u00a330,000 because your job ended\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has detailed guidance if you need help working out your income.\n\n## Benefits\n\nIncome includes money from UK state benefits (or their foreign equivalents) except income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA) or \u2018tax-free\u2019 benefits. Tax-free benefits include:\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n- Personal Independence Payment\n\n- the foreign equivalents of UK tax-free benefits\n\nTo support your claim, keep records of your income, bills, payslips, benefits, tax credits, childcare and child\u2019s education for the current tax year and at least 2 years before that.\n\n## Work out your hours\n\nPut the number of hours you work in a normal week on your claim form.\n\nAdd all your hours together if you have more than one job.\n\nIf you\u2019ve just started work put the hours you expect to work.\n\n| Type of work | How to work out your hours |\n\n| Employed | Include overtime, but not unpaid breaks |\n\n| Self-employed | Include all the time you spend on your business (once you\u2019ve set it up) |\n\n| Seasonal | Put the hours you\u2019re working at the moment |\n\n| Regular term-time | Put the hours you work during term time |\n\n| Agency | Decide your normal hours with your employer |\n\n| On-call | Only count the hours you\u2019re called to work |\n\n| On standby | Do not count the time when you\u2019re not paid |", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-tax-credits", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am currently 20 weeks pregnant and i have been working more than 25 hours per week. My doctor has made recommendations that i should take a maternity leave and have some bed rest, This will automatically affect my wages.", + "original_question": "Can i still apply for a working tax credit?" + }, + { + "id": "train-380", + "question": "Scenario: My local golf team members opened a golf club since 2016. We have been getting income from our membership subscription fees and members pub etc.Our trading income is \u00a320,000 a year .\n\nQuestion: Can we get excempted from paying taxes?\n\nDocument - Running a community amateur sports club (CASC):\n## Overview\n\nAs a community amateur sports club (CASC) you must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about:\n\n- any tax you need to pay\n\n- changes within your organisation\n\nThe rules for CASCs changed on 1 April 2015. Check whether you need to make changes to meet the new rules.\n\n## When you need to pay tax\n\nYou don\u2019t pay tax on some income as long as you:\n\n- are registered as a CASC with HMRC\n\n- use it to promote participation in and provide facilities for eligible sports\n\nYou may need to pay tax if:\n\n- your club uses money for other (non-qualifying) purposes\n\n- your trading or property rental income is more than the threshold for relief\n\n## Register for VAT\n\nYour CASC must register for VAT if your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.\n\nYou can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.\n\nTaxable turnover includes everything you sell that\u2019s not exempt from VAT. Income from sporting activities and fundraising events is exempt.\n\n## Changes to your CASC\n\nYou must report changes to your club\u2019s:\n\n- contact details\n\n- bank details\n\n- management\n\nYou can close a CASC but can\u2019t remove it from the register (this is called \u2018deregistration\u2019).\n\nIf you change the way you run your CASC you must still meet the rules on eligibility. If you don\u2019t, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can cancel your registration.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nYou can get help and advice on CASCs and charities from HMRC\u2019s charities helpline.\n\nAdvice and support is also available from cascinfo.co.uk.\n\n## Paying tax\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) need to pay Corporation Tax on any income or capital gains that don\u2019t qualify for tax relief.\n\nIf your CASC needs to pay tax you must:\n\n- file a Company Tax Return\n\n- include form CT600E if you\u2019re claiming relief on any income or gains\n\nIf you have no tax to pay you only need to complete a tax return if HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) asks you to.\n\nLimited companies must also send annual accounts to Companies House.\n\nYou may have to pay a fine if you don\u2019t complete a tax return when you need to or you file your tax return late.\n\n## Reporting changes\n\nUse form ChV1 to report changes to your community amateur sports club (CASC).\n\nAllow at least 30 days for HMRC to register your changes.\n\n## Changes you have to report\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about changes to your:\n\n- organisation\u2019s contact details\n\n- authorised officials or responsible persons\n\n- nominees\u2019 details, including their bank or building society account changes\n\n- bank or building society account details\n\nYou can also use the form to tell HMRC about any other changes, for example changes to your constitution.\n\nYou must report any changes that would affect your club\u2019s eligibility to be a CASC.\n\n## Closing or deregistering a CASC\n\nOnly HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can deregister your CASC.\n\nIf your club\u2019s members vote and agree to close your CASC, you must:\n\n- let HMRC know\n\n- follow the rules in your governing document\n\nHMRC will tell you if you have to complete a Company Tax Return.\n\n## Disposing of assets\n\nThere are rules about what you do with your assets (for example, land or money) when you close a CASC.\n\nAny remaining assets must only be used for:\n\n- related community sport (as decided by your sport\u2019s governing body)\n\n- another registered CASC\n\n- a charity\n\nYour CASC would otherwise have to pay Corporation Tax.\n\n## If your club is removed from the register\n\nHMRC can cancel your CASC registration by writing to the club secretary if it decides your club is no longer eligible. This can be backdated.\n\nIf HMRC deregisters your CASC you:\n\n- will no longer get tax exemptions as of the deregistration date\n\n- may have to pay Corporation Tax on any assets taken out of the club", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/running-community-amateur-sports-club", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My local golf team members opened a golf club since 2016. We have been getting income from our membership subscription fees and members pub etc.Our trading income is \u00a320,000 a year .", + "original_question": "Can we get excempted from paying taxes?" + }, + { + "id": "train-383", + "question": "Scenario: My nephew is in Year 7 and has been permanently excluded from his school after several warning of indiscipline. I don\u2019t want him to drop out of school completely because he is still young.\n\nQuestion: Can i seek help from the local council?\n\nDocument - School discipline and exclusions:\n## Discipline\n\n## School behaviour policy\n\nEvery school has a behaviour policy, which lists the rules of conduct for pupils before and after school as well as during the school day.\n\nThe policy should also say what the school does to prevent bullying.\n\nYou can ask the school for a copy of the policy document.\n\n## Punishments\n\nSchools can punish pupils if they behave badly.\n\nExamples of punishments (sometimes called \u2018sanctions\u2019) include:\n\n- a telling-off\n\n- a letter home\n\n- removal from a class or group\n\n- confiscating something inappropriate for school , eg mobile phone or MP3 player\n\n- detention\n\n## Detention\n\nSchools don\u2019t have to give parents notice of after-school detentions or tell them why a detention has been given.\n\n## Physical contact\n\nSchool staff can use reasonable force to control and restrain pupils. This could include leading a pupil by the arm into a classroom.\n\n## Complaining about a punishment\n\nIf you disagree with the way your child\u2019s been punished, first talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.\n\n## Exclusions\n\nHeadteachers can exclude your child if they misbehave in or outside school.\n\n## What happens when your child is excluded\n\nYour child\u2019s school will let you know about an exclusion as soon as possible. They\u2019ll follow up with a letter telling you how long your child is excluded for and why.\n\nYou should also be told how to challenge the exclusion, if you want to.\n\nExclusions can start on the same day but the school shouldn\u2019t make you collect your child straight away.\n\n## Risk of prosecution if child is found in public place\n\nFor the first 5 school days of an exclusion, it\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child isn\u2019t in a public place during normal school hours unless there is a good reason.\n\nYou might be prosecuted if your child is found in a public place when they\u2019re not supposed to be.\n\nChild Law Advice has more information on what happens when a child is excluded.\n\n## Types of exclusion\n\nThere are 2 kinds of exclusion - fixed period (suspended) and permanent (expelled).\n\n## Fixed period exclusion\n\nA fixed period exclusion is where your child is temporarily removed from school. They can only be removed for up to 45 school days in one school year, even if they\u2019ve changed school.\n\nIf a child has been excluded for a fixed period, schools should set and mark work for the first 5 school days.\n\nIf the exclusion is longer than 5 school days, the school must arrange suitable full-time education from the sixth school day, eg at a pupil referral unit.\n\n## Permanent exclusion\n\nPermanent exclusion means your child is expelled. Your local council must arrange full-time education from the sixth school day.\n\n## Alternative education and exclusion\n\nThe school or local council must tell you about any alternative education they arrange. It\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child attends.\n\n## Making a complaint\n\nIf alternative education isn\u2019t arranged within 5 days, or you\u2019re not happy with the education, you can complain to:\n\n- the school, for fixed period exclusions\n\n- the local council, for permanent exclusions\n\nIf you\u2019re not happy with the response, you can complain to the Department for Education (DfE).\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that you followed the school or council\u2019s complaints procedure.\n\n## Challenging exclusion\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the school telling you what to do if you disagree with the exclusion.\n\nYou can ask the school\u2019s governing body to overturn the exclusion if either:\n\n- your child has been excluded for more than 5 days\n\n- the exclusion means they\u2019ll miss a public exam or national curriculum test\n\nIf the exclusion is for 5 days or fewer, you can still ask the governors to hear your views but they can\u2019t overturn the headteacher\u2019s decision.\n\n## Challenging permanent exclusion\n\nYou\u2019ll be invited to a review meeting with the school\u2019s governors if your child has been permanently excluded. This will happen within 15 school days.\n\nIf the governors don\u2019t overturn the exclusion, you can ask for an independent review by your local council (or academy trust if the school\u2019s an academy). The governors must tell you how to do this.\n\nIf your child is still excluded you can ask the Local Government Ombudsman (or the Education Funding Agency if the school\u2019s an academy or free school) to look at whether your case was handled properly. They can\u2019t overturn the exclusion.\n\n## Discrimination and other complaints\n\nYou can make a claim to a court or a tribunal if you think your child\u2019s been discriminated against. You need to do this within 6 months of the exclusion.\n\nContact the Equality Advisory Support Service for help and advice.\n\nFor more general complaints (eg if you don\u2019t want to challenge the exclusion but you\u2019re not happy with the way the school handled it), follow the normal school complaints process.\n\n## Searches\n\n## Searches without your child\u2019s consent\n\nThe school doesn\u2019t need your child\u2019s consent to search them if they think your child has prohibited items, including:\n\n- weapons, eg knives\n\n- alcohol\n\n- illegal drugs\n\n- stolen goods\n\n- tobacco products, eg cigarettes\n\n- pornographic images (of any kind, eg tabloid topless pictures and \u2018lads\u2019 mags\u2019 as well as extreme adult material)\n\n- fireworks\n\n- anything that has been, or is likely to be, used to cause injury or commit an offence\n\n- anything banned in the school rules\n\nThese things can be confiscated.\n\n## Legal requirements of a search\n\nThere should normally be 2 members of staff present during the search - the person doing the search and the search witness. Searches should normally be done by someone the same sex as your child.\n\nThe search witness must also be the same sex as your child if possible. Your child must not be asked to remove clothes, other than outer clothing like a coat.\n\nIf there\u2019s a risk of serious harm to a person if the search is not conducted immediately, a child may be searched by a person of the opposite sex and without another member of staff present.\n\n## Metal detectors\n\nSchools can make pupils go through a metal detector - they don\u2019t have to suspect that your child has a weapon. If your child refuses to go through the metal detector, they can be stopped from coming into school.\n\n## Complaining about a search\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with a search on your child at school, talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-discipline-exclusions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My nephew is in Year 7 and has been permanently excluded from his school after several warning of indiscipline. I don\u2019t want him to drop out of school completely because he is still young.", + "original_question": "Can i seek help from the local council?" + }, + { + "id": "train-384", + "question": "Scenario: My neighbour\u2019s son came home from school with a swollen face and a strained arm. He disclosed that he has been bullied in school by his classmate. No action was taken by the headteacher after reporting.\n\nQuestion: Can school not have a bullying policy?\n\nDocument - School discipline and exclusions:\n## Discipline\n\n## School behaviour policy\n\nEvery school has a behaviour policy, which lists the rules of conduct for pupils before and after school as well as during the school day.\n\nThe policy should also say what the school does to prevent bullying.\n\nYou can ask the school for a copy of the policy document.\n\n## Punishments\n\nSchools can punish pupils if they behave badly.\n\nExamples of punishments (sometimes called \u2018sanctions\u2019) include:\n\n- a telling-off\n\n- a letter home\n\n- removal from a class or group\n\n- confiscating something inappropriate for school , eg mobile phone or MP3 player\n\n- detention\n\n## Detention\n\nSchools don\u2019t have to give parents notice of after-school detentions or tell them why a detention has been given.\n\n## Physical contact\n\nSchool staff can use reasonable force to control and restrain pupils. This could include leading a pupil by the arm into a classroom.\n\n## Complaining about a punishment\n\nIf you disagree with the way your child\u2019s been punished, first talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.\n\n## Exclusions\n\nHeadteachers can exclude your child if they misbehave in or outside school.\n\n## What happens when your child is excluded\n\nYour child\u2019s school will let you know about an exclusion as soon as possible. They\u2019ll follow up with a letter telling you how long your child is excluded for and why.\n\nYou should also be told how to challenge the exclusion, if you want to.\n\nExclusions can start on the same day but the school shouldn\u2019t make you collect your child straight away.\n\n## Risk of prosecution if child is found in public place\n\nFor the first 5 school days of an exclusion, it\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child isn\u2019t in a public place during normal school hours unless there is a good reason.\n\nYou might be prosecuted if your child is found in a public place when they\u2019re not supposed to be.\n\nChild Law Advice has more information on what happens when a child is excluded.\n\n## Types of exclusion\n\nThere are 2 kinds of exclusion - fixed period (suspended) and permanent (expelled).\n\n## Fixed period exclusion\n\nA fixed period exclusion is where your child is temporarily removed from school. They can only be removed for up to 45 school days in one school year, even if they\u2019ve changed school.\n\nIf a child has been excluded for a fixed period, schools should set and mark work for the first 5 school days.\n\nIf the exclusion is longer than 5 school days, the school must arrange suitable full-time education from the sixth school day, eg at a pupil referral unit.\n\n## Permanent exclusion\n\nPermanent exclusion means your child is expelled. Your local council must arrange full-time education from the sixth school day.\n\n## Alternative education and exclusion\n\nThe school or local council must tell you about any alternative education they arrange. It\u2019s your responsibility to make sure your child attends.\n\n## Making a complaint\n\nIf alternative education isn\u2019t arranged within 5 days, or you\u2019re not happy with the education, you can complain to:\n\n- the school, for fixed period exclusions\n\n- the local council, for permanent exclusions\n\nIf you\u2019re not happy with the response, you can complain to the Department for Education (DfE).\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that you followed the school or council\u2019s complaints procedure.\n\n## Challenging exclusion\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the school telling you what to do if you disagree with the exclusion.\n\nYou can ask the school\u2019s governing body to overturn the exclusion if either:\n\n- your child has been excluded for more than 5 days\n\n- the exclusion means they\u2019ll miss a public exam or national curriculum test\n\nIf the exclusion is for 5 days or fewer, you can still ask the governors to hear your views but they can\u2019t overturn the headteacher\u2019s decision.\n\n## Challenging permanent exclusion\n\nYou\u2019ll be invited to a review meeting with the school\u2019s governors if your child has been permanently excluded. This will happen within 15 school days.\n\nIf the governors don\u2019t overturn the exclusion, you can ask for an independent review by your local council (or academy trust if the school\u2019s an academy). The governors must tell you how to do this.\n\nIf your child is still excluded you can ask the Local Government Ombudsman (or the Education Funding Agency if the school\u2019s an academy or free school) to look at whether your case was handled properly. They can\u2019t overturn the exclusion.\n\n## Discrimination and other complaints\n\nYou can make a claim to a court or a tribunal if you think your child\u2019s been discriminated against. You need to do this within 6 months of the exclusion.\n\nContact the Equality Advisory Support Service for help and advice.\n\nFor more general complaints (eg if you don\u2019t want to challenge the exclusion but you\u2019re not happy with the way the school handled it), follow the normal school complaints process.\n\n## Searches\n\n## Searches without your child\u2019s consent\n\nThe school doesn\u2019t need your child\u2019s consent to search them if they think your child has prohibited items, including:\n\n- weapons, eg knives\n\n- alcohol\n\n- illegal drugs\n\n- stolen goods\n\n- tobacco products, eg cigarettes\n\n- pornographic images (of any kind, eg tabloid topless pictures and \u2018lads\u2019 mags\u2019 as well as extreme adult material)\n\n- fireworks\n\n- anything that has been, or is likely to be, used to cause injury or commit an offence\n\n- anything banned in the school rules\n\nThese things can be confiscated.\n\n## Legal requirements of a search\n\nThere should normally be 2 members of staff present during the search - the person doing the search and the search witness. Searches should normally be done by someone the same sex as your child.\n\nThe search witness must also be the same sex as your child if possible. Your child must not be asked to remove clothes, other than outer clothing like a coat.\n\nIf there\u2019s a risk of serious harm to a person if the search is not conducted immediately, a child may be searched by a person of the opposite sex and without another member of staff present.\n\n## Metal detectors\n\nSchools can make pupils go through a metal detector - they don\u2019t have to suspect that your child has a weapon. If your child refuses to go through the metal detector, they can be stopped from coming into school.\n\n## Complaining about a search\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with a search on your child at school, talk to the headteacher. If you\u2019re not satisfied, ask for a copy of the complaints procedure.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-discipline-exclusions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My neighbour\u2019s son came home from school with a swollen face and a strained arm. He disclosed that he has been bullied in school by his classmate. No action was taken by the headteacher after reporting.", + "original_question": "Can school not have a bullying policy?" + }, + { + "id": "train-385", + "question": "Scenario: One of our staff has invented a very unique energy saving product during his work in our company which is eco friendly.Our employer is very excited and would like to patent it.\n\nQuestion: Can he get a fast grant?\n\nDocument - Patenting your invention:\n## What you can patent\n\nYou can use a patent to protect your invention. It gives you the right to take legal action against anyone who makes, uses, sells or imports it without your permission.\n\nTo be granted a patent, your invention must be all of the following:\n\n- something that can be made or used\n\n- new\n\n- inventive - not just a simple modification to something that already exists\n\nPatents are expensive and difficult to get. Before you apply, check if a patent is right for your business.\n\n## What you cannot patent\n\nYou cannot patent certain types of invention, including:\n\n- literary, dramatic, musical or artistic works\n\n- a way of doing business, playing a game or thinking\n\n- a method of medical treatment or diagnosis\n\n- a discovery, scientific theory or mathematical method\n\n- the way information is presented\n\n- some computer programs or mobile apps\n\n- \u2018essentially biological\u2019 processes like crossing-breeding plants, and plant or animal varieties\n\n## Before you apply\n\nPatents are the most difficult form of protection to get. Check if a patent is right for your business before you apply for one.\n\nYou should only apply for a patent if:\n\n- your invention is new - check for similar ones by searching published patents, the internet and trade publications\n\n- you have the time and money for the application process\n\nThe application process is:\n\n- complicated - only 1 in 20 applicants get a patent without professional help\n\n- expensive - with professional help, applications typically cost \u00a34,000\n\n- long - it usually takes 5 years\n\nIf you get a patent, you\u2019ll also have to pay to renew it each year and the costs of legal action if you need to defend it.\n\n## Other ways to protect your intellectual property\n\nOther types of protection might be more appropriate for your business. For example, you can use:\n\n- trade marks - if you can create a brand and be first to market\n\n- design rights - if how your product looks (rather than how it works) is important and innovative\n\n- non-disclosure agreements to keep it secret before launch - this can provide enough protection if your product is likely to sell for only a short time\n\n## Getting help\n\nYou can get a professional to help you decide whether a patent is right for your business.\n\nYou may be able to get free advice by:\n\n- speaking to a patent attorney or other professional advisor - many offer basic advice for free\n\n- attending an intellectual property (IP) clinic\n\n- going to the British Library Business and IP Centre in London\n\nThis advice will be confidential.\n\nDo not talk to other people without a non-disclosure agreement, or you may not be able to patent your invention. You can get help with this from a patent attorney or solicitor.\n\n## If you decide to apply\n\nWhen you\u2019ve checked that a patent is right for your business, you should find a patent attorney or advisor. They will:\n\n- help you prepare your application correctly - you cannot add in additional information later\n\n- give you the best chance of being granted a patent\n\n- try to make your patent as commercially valuable as possible\n\nYou may be approached by companies offering to promote your invention for a fee. Get independent legal or financial advice before you agree to anything.\n\n## Applying for a patent\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process. Applications typically cost \u00a34,000 and the process usually takes 5 years. There are 8 steps if you apply for patent protection in the UK through the Intellectual Property Office (IPO).\n\n- Search for similar patents to make sure your invention is new.\n\n- Prepare your patent application.\n\n- File your patent application and request a search from IPO.\n\n- Receive your search report (usually within 6 months) and decide whether you want to continue with your application.\n\n- Your application will be published 18 months after you file it.\n\n- Ask for a \u2018substantive examination\u2019 within 6 months of publication.\n\n- Respond to comments from IPO\u2019s \u2018substantive examination\u2019. The examination may take place several years after you file your application.\n\n- Your application will be granted or refused.\n\nYou can commercially benefit from your patent once it has been granted, for example license, sell or mortgage your patent.\n\nDo not make your invention public before you apply. You may not be able to patent it if you do.\n\n## Other ways to get a UK patent\n\nYou can also file a UK patent application through the:\n\n- European Patent Office (EPO)\n\n- World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)\n\n## Prepare your application\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nA patent application is made up of 4 parts that need to meet specific criteria.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- a description of your invention that allows others to see how it works and how it could be made\n\n- legal statements that set out the technical features of your invention that are to be protected (known as \u2018claims\u2019)\n\n- a summary of all the important technical aspects of your invention (known as the \u2018abstract\u2019)\n\nYou should also include any drawings you need to illustrate your description.\n\nThe fees are higher if your description has more than 35 pages or you include more than 25 claims.\n\nRead the patent application fact sheets for instructions on how to produce each part of your application.\n\nYou have to submit your description and any drawings with your application form.\n\nYou can file your claims and abstract once your patent is pending, but it\u2019s best if you submit all the parts together.\n\n## Academic papers\n\nYou can send academic papers as part of your patent application, to help describe your invention.\n\nYou still need to send a description, drawings and claims.\n\n## \u2018Statement of inventorship\u2019\n\nYou need to complete a statement of inventorship if:\n\n- you\u2019re not the inventor\n\n- there\u2019s more than one inventor and they\u2019re not listed as applicants\n\n- you\u2019re applying on behalf of a company\n\nThe statement provides the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) with more information about who the inventor is and why you have the right to apply for the patent.\n\nSubmit your \u2018statement of inventorship\u2019 online when you apply for a patent, or do it later by filing documents for a pending UK patent.\n\nAlternatively, download the \u2018statement of inventorship\u2019 form and send it with your application.\n\n## Apply for a patent\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nYou can file a UK patent application with the Intellectual Property Office (IPO). Read the patent application fact sheets for instructions on how to produce each part of your application.\n\nYou can apply either:\n\n- online\n\n- by post\n\nYou can request and pay for your search and examination at this point or later in the process.\n\n## Fees\n\n| Stage | Apply online | Apply by post |\n\n| Application (if you pay when you apply) | \u00a360 | \u00a390 |\n\n| Application (if you pay later) | \u00a375 | \u00a3112.50 |\n\n| Search | \u00a3150 (plus \u00a320 for each claim over 25 claims) | \u00a3180 (plus \u00a320 for each claim over 25 claims) |\n\n| Substantive examination | \u00a3100 (plus \u00a310 for each page of description over 35 pages) | \u00a3130 (plus \u00a310 for each page of description over 35 pages) |\n\nIf you get a patent, you\u2019ll also have to pay to renew it to keep it in force.\n\n## Get your patent granted more quickly\n\nYou can get your application processed more quickly if you file your search and examination requests at the same time as you apply.\n\nThis costs the same as applying separately and means they\u2019ll be processed at the same time.\n\nYou may also be able to get a \u2018fast grant\u2019 if, for example:\n\n- your invention has some sort of environmental benefit (green channel)\n\n- you\u2019ve already submitted a patent application for your invention at another patent office (Patent Prosecution Highway)\n\nRead the patents fast grant guidance.\n\n## Request your search and examination\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nAs part of the application process, you must pay for a patent search and a \u2018substantive examination\u2019.\n\nYou can request the search either when you apply or later in the process.\n\nYou must request your search within 12 months of your filing or priority date.\n\nYou must request your examination within 6 months of publication.\n\n## Patent search\n\nThe Intellectual Property Office (IPO) carries out a search to check whether your invention is new and inventive.\n\nYou have to request and pay for your search within 12 months of your filing date or priority date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the results and told if any part of your application is not right.\n\nRead the search report factsheet.\n\nSearch reports can take up to 6 months.\n\n## Publication\n\nYour application will be published 18 months from your filing or priority date, provided it\u2019s complete and passes the search.\n\nThe open part of your application, which includes your address, will be publicly available in the:\n\n- online patents journal on the IPO website\n\n- IPO records\n\n## \u2018Substantive examination\u2019\n\nThe examination checks whether your invention is new and inventive enough. It also checks that your description and claims match and are good enough to patent.\n\nThe examination will show if your application meets the legal requirements. You\u2019ll be told what you need to do if it does not.\n\nYou must request an examination of your patent application within 6 months of publication.\n\nExaminations can take place several years after you file your application.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply online or by post for both the search and examination.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can request your search and examination either:\n\n- with your initial application\n\n- later in the process\n\nYou must request your search within 12 months of your filing or priority date and examination within 6 months of publication.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nDownload the forms:\n\n- search request form\n\n- examination request form\n\nFill in and post the forms. The address is on the forms.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you work with a patent attorney or advisor, they\u2019ll help you through the application process.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a receipt with your application number and filing date (the date your application is received).\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what to do next and when.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve applied you can mark your invention as \u2018patent pending\u2019 or \u2018patent applied for\u2019. You can either add the patent number and say that you applied for it in the UK, or use a web address instead if the patent number is online.\n\nIf you use a web address, make sure the patent number and the product it relates to are clearly displayed on your website.\n\nIf your patent is granted:\n\n- your application will be published in its final form\n\n- you\u2019ll be sent a certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be responsible for renewing and defending your patent.\n\n## File more documents once your patent is pending\n\nYou may need to file more forms and documents once you have a patent pending (for example a form to request a search, or a document with your claims).\n\nYou must send your claims, abstract, application fee and search fee within 12 months of your filing date.\n\n## If your application includes a \u2018priority date\u2019 from an earlier application\n\nYou must send your claims, abstract, application fee and search fee within whichever of the following is later:\n\n- 12 months of the date when you filed your previous application (the priority date)\n\n- 2 months of your current filing date\n\n## Withdraw your application\n\nYou can withdraw your application for any reason, for example to stop it becoming public.\n\nTo stop your invention entering the public domain you must withdraw your application before it\u2019s published.\n\nYou can ask for a withdrawal up to the day before the deadline given in your search report.\n\n## Withdraw by email\n\nEmail withdraw@ipo.gov.uk with your patent application number in the subject line.\n\nClearly state that you want to withdraw in the body of the email.\n\nState why you have the authority to withdraw the application, for example that you\u2019re the applicant or their agent.\n\n## Withdraw by post\n\nYou can also withdraw by post - mark your request as urgent if there\u2019s less than 3 weeks until publication.\n\n## Make a new application with a priority date\n\nYou can withdraw your application and reapply if you want to change it for any reason, for example if you\u2019ve developed your invention since you first applied or have new information.\n\nYou can use the filing date of your earlier application (known as the priority date) if your new application is made within 12 months.\n\n## Terminated applications\n\nYour application will be terminated if you do not submit the right documents, forms and payment when asked to.\n\nYou may be able to reopen your application if you apply within 12 months of termination.\n\nYou need to be able to show:\n\n- why you failed to meet the requirements\n\n- that the failure was not intentional\n\n- when you became able to meet the requirements\n\nIt costs \u00a3150 to apply - this is not refundable.\n\n## Reopen your application\n\nDownload the reinstatement request form.\n\nSend the form, your fee and any supporting evidence to IPO.\n\nIf your request is granted, you must meet the requirements within 2 months.\n\nYou can ask for an ex parte hearing if you\u2019re turned down, where you can put your case to a senior official.\n\n## International patents\n\nA patent only protects your invention in the country where the patent is registered.\n\nFor protection overseas, you can:\n\n- file a single application under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) for protection in more than 140 countries\n\n- file a single application with the European Patent Office (EPO) for protection in more than 30 countries in Europe\n\n- apply separately to the patent office of each country where you want a patent\n\nRead the guidance on filing a patent abroad for basic information on filing for international protection.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/patent-your-invention", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "One of our staff has invented a very unique energy saving product during his work in our company which is eco friendly.Our employer is very excited and would like to patent it.", + "original_question": "Can he get a fast grant?" + }, + { + "id": "train-387", + "question": "Scenario: y neighbour bought a farm tractor last year and it had a CE Marking affixed which he told me that it denotes that the machine meets the required safety standards.\n\nQuestion: I found a very similar tractor that is much cheaper to buy but it doesn't have a CE marking. Can I still use it?\n\nDocument - Health and safety using farm vehicles and machinery:\n## Overview\n\nIf you own or manage a farm, you\u2019re responsible for ensuring the health and safety of your workers and anyone who\u2019s affected by what they do.\n\nYou must:\n\n- carry out a assessment of any risks related to your farm\n\n- have a plan to manage these risks and protect people from harm\n\n- plan and set standards to be sure that your health and safety practices work\n\n- check how you\u2019re doing through regular inspections and monitoring\n\nYou must make sure that all farming vehicles and equipment are:\n\n- safe to use\n\n- appropriate for the jobs they are used for\n\n- their safety risks are reduced as much as possible\n\n## Health and safety assessments\n\nThe Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has produced guidance to help farmers conduct health and safety assessments of their farms.\n\nThe \u2018Farmwise\u2019 guide also provides information and guidance on health and safety for farm vehicles and machinery.\n\n## Buying vehicles and equipment\n\n## CE Mark\n\nMost new machines, vehicles or pieces of farming equipment you buy must be \u2018CE\u2019 marked. This mark means that it has been built to meet minimum legal safety requirements.\n\nMost new machines or pieces of equipment should also have:\n\n- a \u2018declaration of conformity\u2019 to show that it meets EU standards\n\n- a manual\n\n- information on noise levels\n\n## Second-hand equipment and vehicles\n\nBefore using second hand machinery, you should:\n\n- make sure that it complies with the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998\n\n- get the operator\u2019s manual or suitable instructions for use\n\n- replace or repair any missing or damaged safety guards before use\n\n## Maintaining vehicles and equipment\n\nYou must make sure that all your equipment is properly maintained and in good working order. You\u2019ll need to perform regular maintenance checks on all of your vehicles and machinery.\n\nYou can find useful equipment maintenance checklists on the British Agricultural and Garden Machinery Association website.\n\nThe Department for Transport also provides guidance on performing health checks on farm vehicles.\n\nYou can find information on the safe use of agricultural machinery on the Health and Safety Executive website.\n\n## Noise levels\n\nHigh levels of noise can damage hearing. By law, you must assess the level of noise in areas where people work for you. You must take action where noise exceeds certain levels.\n\nIf you have noisy machinery or equipment, you should consider:\n\n- providing hearing protection for operators\n\n- using barriers or screens to block sound\n\n- using materials to absorb sound\n\n- limiting the time spent in noisy environments\n\nRead information from the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) on noise levels at work.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-for-farm-vehicles", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "y neighbour bought a farm tractor last year and it had a CE Marking affixed which he told me that it denotes that the machine meets the required safety standards.", + "original_question": "I found a very similar tractor that is much cheaper to buy but it doesn't have a CE marking. Can I still use it?" + }, + { + "id": "train-388", + "question": "Scenario: My mother owns a combine harvester machine and uses it to harvest her farm produce. It works very early in the morning or in the evening. My neighbours have been complaining of noise nuisance.\n\nQuestion: Are there any regulations on noise levels at work?\n\nDocument - Health and safety using farm vehicles and machinery:\n## Overview\n\nIf you own or manage a farm, you\u2019re responsible for ensuring the health and safety of your workers and anyone who\u2019s affected by what they do.\n\nYou must:\n\n- carry out a assessment of any risks related to your farm\n\n- have a plan to manage these risks and protect people from harm\n\n- plan and set standards to be sure that your health and safety practices work\n\n- check how you\u2019re doing through regular inspections and monitoring\n\nYou must make sure that all farming vehicles and equipment are:\n\n- safe to use\n\n- appropriate for the jobs they are used for\n\n- their safety risks are reduced as much as possible\n\n## Health and safety assessments\n\nThe Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has produced guidance to help farmers conduct health and safety assessments of their farms.\n\nThe \u2018Farmwise\u2019 guide also provides information and guidance on health and safety for farm vehicles and machinery.\n\n## Buying vehicles and equipment\n\n## CE Mark\n\nMost new machines, vehicles or pieces of farming equipment you buy must be \u2018CE\u2019 marked. This mark means that it has been built to meet minimum legal safety requirements.\n\nMost new machines or pieces of equipment should also have:\n\n- a \u2018declaration of conformity\u2019 to show that it meets EU standards\n\n- a manual\n\n- information on noise levels\n\n## Second-hand equipment and vehicles\n\nBefore using second hand machinery, you should:\n\n- make sure that it complies with the Provision and Use of Work Equipment Regulations 1998\n\n- get the operator\u2019s manual or suitable instructions for use\n\n- replace or repair any missing or damaged safety guards before use\n\n## Maintaining vehicles and equipment\n\nYou must make sure that all your equipment is properly maintained and in good working order. You\u2019ll need to perform regular maintenance checks on all of your vehicles and machinery.\n\nYou can find useful equipment maintenance checklists on the British Agricultural and Garden Machinery Association website.\n\nThe Department for Transport also provides guidance on performing health checks on farm vehicles.\n\nYou can find information on the safe use of agricultural machinery on the Health and Safety Executive website.\n\n## Noise levels\n\nHigh levels of noise can damage hearing. By law, you must assess the level of noise in areas where people work for you. You must take action where noise exceeds certain levels.\n\nIf you have noisy machinery or equipment, you should consider:\n\n- providing hearing protection for operators\n\n- using barriers or screens to block sound\n\n- using materials to absorb sound\n\n- limiting the time spent in noisy environments\n\nRead information from the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) on noise levels at work.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/health-and-safety-for-farm-vehicles", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My mother owns a combine harvester machine and uses it to harvest her farm produce. It works very early in the morning or in the evening. My neighbours have been complaining of noise nuisance.", + "original_question": "Are there any regulations on noise levels at work?" + }, + { + "id": "train-390", + "question": "Scenario: My brother is employed full time in a farm in Wales and operates a combine harvester but got an accident which left him with a broken leg. He has been told to have a bed rest by the doctor. Has now been off duty for 6 days .\n\nQuestion: Can he claim sick pay?\n\nDocument - Agricultural workers' rights:\n## Overview\n\nAgricultural workers in Wales, and those employed in England before 1 October 2013, are normally entitled to:\n\n- minimum rates of pay which may be higher than the National Minimum Wage\n\n- paid holiday\n\n- Agricultural Sick Pay\n\n- pay even if bad weather stops work\n\n- night work pay\n\n- on-call allowance\n\n- 30-minute rest breaks, if they are 18 or over and work more than 5.5 hours a day\n\nThere are different employment rights for agricultural workers employed in England from 1 October 2013.\n\nThere are also different rules for agricultural workers\u2019 rights in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Terms and conditions\n\n## England\n\nAgricultural workers in England employed before 1 October 2013 still have the terms and conditions set out in the Agricultural Wages (England and Wales) Order 2012.\n\n## Wales\n\nBefore starting work, employers must give agricultural workers in Wales an Agricultural Wage Order. This sets out many of the terms and conditions of employment. But, employers must still give agricultural workers a written statement of employment particulars.\n\nThis sets out many of the terms and conditions of employment. However, agricultural workers must still be given a written statement of employment particulars by their employer.\n\n## Trainees\n\nTrainees have different rights, for example they do not get paid holidays.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nIf you were employed in England before 1 October 2013, you can contact the Acas helpline or use the Acas Helpline Online to get further advice.\n\nYou can also make a complaint to the Rural Payments agency.\n\nFor queries about wages and rights in Wales after 1 October 2013 contact the Agriculture: Sustainable Development Division.\n\n## What counts as an agricultural worker\n\nAn agricultural worker is someone who works in:\n\n- farming and rearing animals\n\n- growing produce including non-edible crops like bulbs, plants and flowers\n\n- forestry, market gardens and nurseries\n\n- maintaining meadow or pasture land, woodlands and reed beds\n\nThis list does not include everything. If you\u2019re not sure if a job counts as work in agriculture, call the Acas helpline.\n\n## Pay and overtime\n\nAgricultural workers in England must be paid at least the National Minimum Wage. Workers employed before the rules changed on 1 October 2013 still have the right to the Agricultural Minimum Wage if it says so in their contract.\n\nAgricultural workers in Wales must be paid at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage, or the National Minimum Wage if that\u2019s higher. The Agricultural Minimum Wage depends on the worker\u2019s job grade and category.\n\n## Agricultural Minimum Wage\n\n## Grades 1 to 6\n\nIf a worker\u2019s contract says they should work 39 hours a week (not including overtime) they must be paid the weekly rate, otherwise they must be paid the hourly rate.\n\n| | Weekly pay | Hourly pay | Hourly overtime |\n\n| Grade 1 (compulsory school age) | n/a | \u00a33.11 | \u00a34.67 |\n\n| Grade 1 (above compulsory school age) | \u00a3242.19 | \u00a36.21 | \u00a39.32 |\n\n| Grade 2 | \u00a3271.44 | \u00a36.96 | \u00a310.44 |\n\n| Grade 3 | \u00a3298.74 | \u00a37.66 | \u00a311.49 |\n\n| Grade 4 | \u00a3320.19 | \u00a38.21 | \u00a312.32 |\n\n| Grade 5 | \u00a3339.30 | \u00a38.70 | \u00a313.05 |\n\n| Grade 6 | \u00a3366.60 | \u00a39.40 | \u00a314.10 |\n\n## Full-time and part-time flexible workers\n\nFlexible workers must be paid at least the weekly rate if they are full-time, or at least the hourly rate if they are part-time.\n\n| | Hourly pay | Weekly pay | Hourly overtime |\n\n| Grade 1 - 6 days per week | \u00a36.64 | \u00a3258.96 | \u00a39.32 |\n\n| Grade 1 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a36.52 | \u00a3254.28 | \u00a39.32 |\n\n| Grade 2 - 6 days per week | \u00a37.45 | \u00a3290.55 | \u00a310.44 |\n\n| Grade 2 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a37.31 | \u00a3285.09 | \u00a310.44 |\n\n| Grade 3 - 6 days per week | \u00a38.20 | \u00a3319.80 | \u00a311.49 |\n\n| Grade 3 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a38.04 | \u00a3313.56 | \u00a311.49 |\n\n| Grade 4 - 6 days per week | \u00a38.78 | \u00a3342.42 | \u00a312.32 |\n\n| Grade 4 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a38.62 | \u00a3336.18 | \u00a312.32 |\n\n| Grade 5 - 6 days per week | \u00a39.31 | \u00a3363.09 | \u00a313.05 |\n\n| Grade 5 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a39.14 | \u00a3356.46 | \u00a313.05 |\n\n| Grade 6 - 6 days per week | \u00a310.06 | \u00a3392.34 | \u00a314.10 |\n\n| Grade 6 - 4-5 days per week | \u00a39.87 | \u00a3384.93 | \u00a314.10 |\n\n## Apprentices\n\nFor years 3 and above, apprentices must receive at least the rate for Grade 2 workers.\n\n| | Weekly pay | Hourly pay | Hourly overtime |\n\n| Year 1 - any age | \u00a3139.23 | \u00a33.57 | \u00a35.36 |\n\n| Year 2 - age 16 to 17 | \u00a3145.08 | \u00a33.72 | \u00a35.52 |\n\n| Year 2 - age 18 to 20 | \u00a3196.17 | \u00a35.03 | \u00a37.47 |\n\n| Year 2 - age 21 and over | \u00a3246.09 | \u00a36.31 | \u00a39.29 |\n\n## Trainees\n\nA trainee does not have to be paid for:\n\n- the hours they\u2019re being trained\n\n- holidays\n\nThey should be paid for any work done as part of a separate contract.\n\n## Training courses\n\nIf an employed worker is on a training course, they should be paid at least their normal wage - including for the time spent travelling to and from the training.\n\n## Overtime\n\nOvertime must be paid if a person works:\n\n- more than 39 basic hours in a week\n\n- more than 8 hours in a day\n\n- any hours over the normal working hours in the employment contract\n\n- on a public or bank holiday\n\n- on a Sunday - if the contract started before 1 October 2006\n\n## Piece work\n\nEven if they are paid for completing a task, for example for each box of fruit packed, a worker must be paid the Agricultural Minimum Wage according to the hours they work.\n\n## Night work\n\nA worker who works at any time between 7pm and 6am must be paid \u00a31.36 per hour more than their basic pay rate.\n\n## Dog allowance\n\nIf a worker keeps a dog for their job, they must get \u00a37.63 a week for each dog.\n\n## Tied accommodation\n\nIf a worker gets a house or \u2018self-contained accommodation\u2019 as part of their job they can be paid \u00a31.50 less than their normal weekly pay. They may automatically get an agricultural tenancy.\n\nIf the accommodation is not a house - for example, a caravan - they can be paid \u00a34.82 less each day they stay there.\n\nAccommodation must be safe, warm, secure - and have toilet and washing facilities and fresh drinking water.\n\n## On-call allowance\n\nThe on-call allowance for a worker is 2 hours\u2019 overtime pay for their grade, and is paid if they are not at work but have an arrangement with their employer:\n\n- to be contactable by an agreed method\n\n- to be able to reach their workplace within an agreed time\n\nIf they are called into work, they must be paid overtime for the hours they work, or for 2 hours - whichever is the higher.\n\n## Sick pay\n\nAgricultural workers are entitled to sick pay, meaning they\u2019ll get at least the Agricultural Minimum Wage when they\u2019re off.\n\n## Grades and categories\n\nThe minimum wage and other rights and entitlements for agricultural workers depends on their grade and category.\n\n## Grades\n\nAn agricultural worker\u2019s grade is based on their skills and responsibilities.\n\n## Grade 1 - initial grade\n\nA grade 1 worker is usually supervised and works on simple tasks like harvesting or packing.\n\nThey have the right to be trained to become a grade 2 worker once they\u2019ve worked for the same employer continuously for 30 weeks.\n\n## Grade 2 - standard worker\n\nSomeone is a grade 2 worker if they have one of the following:\n\n- a vocational qualification of at least NVQ at level 2\n\n- a certificate of competence for the agricultural sector they work in\n\nSomeone is also a grade 2 worker if they:\n\n- work mainly unsupervised\n\n- work with animals\n\n- use powered machinery\n\n- drive a tractor\n\n## Grade 3 - lead worker\n\nIf someone has worked in agriculture for at least 2 of the past 5 years, they\u2019re a grade 3 worker if they have either:\n\n- a National Certificate in agriculture or horticulture\n\n- 4 certificates of competence or non-accredited competencies, for the agricultural sector they work in\n\nSomeone is also a grade 3 worker if\n\n- they manage a team - but not discipline team members\n\n- their employer views them as a grade 3 team leader and they\u2019ve completed a one month (maximum) trial period\n\n## Grade 4 - craft grade\n\nSomeone is a grade 4 worker if they have:\n\n- an NVQ level 3 vocational qualification\n\n- 8 certificates of competence for the agricultural sector they work in\n\nThey should also have:\n\n- worked for the same employer continuously for 12 months since getting this qualification\n\n- worked in agriculture for at least 2 of the past 5 years\n\nThere are other qualifications for grade 4 - you can get more help and advice.\n\n## Grade 5 - supervisory grade\n\nA grade 5 worker is responsible for either:\n\n- supervising work on a farm on a daily basis\n\n- instructing, supervising and disciplining staff\n\n## Grade 6 - farm management grade\n\nA grade 6 worker has either:\n\n- management responsibility for a farm - or part of a farm if it\u2019s run as a separate business\n\n- responsibility for employing, disciplining and dismissing staff\n\n## Categories\n\nAn agricultural worker\u2019s category depends on their duties, responsibilities and/or qualifications.\n\n## Flexible workers\n\nFlexible workers must have a written \u2018flexible working agreement\u2019.\n\nA full-time flexible worker works:\n\n- a 39 basic hour week - the hours can vary over different days\n\n- set working hours and working days, which cannot be changed unless agreed with the employer\n\n- on a Sunday when needed\n\nA part-time flexible worker works:\n\n- less than 39 basic hours a week - the hours can vary over different days\n\n- set working hours and working days, which cannot be changed unless agreed with the employer\n\n## Trainee\n\nA trainee is someone who is:\n\n- on work experience as part of a Business, Innovation and Skills-approved training scheme\n\n- on work experience in agriculture as part of the Diploma in Environmental and Land-Based Studies for 14 to 19-year-olds\n\n- taking part in the second phase of the European Leonardo da Vinci Programme\n\n## Apprentice\n\nRights for apprentices are different.\n\n## Agricultural tenancies\n\nIf an agricultural worker gets a self-contained home as part of their job they may automatically have an \u2018assured agricultural occupancy\u2019. This will not happen if they had a written notice at the start of the tenancy saying that it was an assured shorthold tenancy instead.\n\n## How it starts\n\nAn assured agricultural occupancy starts when the worker has been employed in agriculture (by any employer) for 91 weeks of the last 104, including paid holiday and sick leave, and:\n\n- the tenant works 35 hours or more a week\n\n- the accommodation is owned by the farmer, or arranged by them\n\n## Who can get one\n\nThe tenant must be a serving farm worker or a:\n\n- farm manager or family worker\n\n- retired farm worker\n\n- farm worker forced to give up work\n\n- former farm worker who has taken other employment\n\n- deceased farm worker\u2019s widow, widower or family member of a worker and were living with the worker when they died\n\nThey have to have been working for the farmer who provides or arranges the accommodation.\n\nYou can get more detailed information on who can get an assured agricultural occupancy in \u2018agricultural lettings\u2019.\n\n## Rent increases\n\nThe rent can go up at any time if the worker agrees - if they do not, then it can only go up yearly, unless a different interval is stated in the tenancy agreement. The farmer must tell the worker in writing before putting the rent up.\n\n## The employment ends\n\nIf the worker loses their job or retires, they can stay in the accommodation. The farmer can ask them to start paying rent - or a higher rent than before. If the farmer and worker cannot agree on a rent, they can go to a rent assessment committee.\n\nIf the farmer wants the property back, they can apply to the courts, although they may have to provide the tenant with suitable alternative accommodation. If nothing suitable is available, the tenant may be entitled to re-housing by the council.\n\n## The farmer wants to end the tenancy\n\nThe farmer may want the property back for a new worker, or to end the tenancy because the worker is:\n\n- not paying the rent\n\n- breaking terms of the tenancy agreement\n\n- damaging the property or its contents\n\n- being a nuisance to neighbours\n\nIf the worker does not leave willingly, the farmer will have to go to court, and the court will decide whether the worker has to go. If the worker is still a serving farm worker, the farmer may have to provide alternative accommodation.\n\n## If a tenant dies\n\nThe tenancy will automatically pass to their husband or wife. If they did not have a husband or wife, it can pass to another family member if they lived there for the 2 years before the worker\u2019s death.\n\n## Gangmasters\n\nAn individual or business that provides workers for agricultural work is called a \u2018gangmaster\u2019.\n\nGangmasters must be licensed if they provide workers for:\n\n- agriculture\n\n- horticulture\n\n- dairy farming\n\n- food and drink processing or packaging\n\n- forestry\n\n- gathering shellfish (anybody who uses supplied workers to gather shellfish also needs to be licensed)\n\nThere are some jobs in these industries that do not need a gangmaster licence.\n\nYou can check if a gangmaster is licensed.\n\n## Changes to employment terms and conditions\n\nFrom 1 October 2013, the terms and conditions changed for agricultural and horticultural workers in England who begin new jobs. This includes workers supplied by a gangmaster.\n\n## Employment started on or after 1 October 2013\n\nWorkers must receive at least:\n\n- the National Minimum Wage\n\n- other statutory minimum terms of employment\n\n## Employment started before 1 October 2013\n\nWorkers, including those supplied by a gangmaster, are still entitled to the terms and conditions of their contract.\n\nFor example, this might mean workers are entitled to overtime rates, agricultural sick pay and dog allowance. Where accommodation is provided in a contract, workers can continue living in that accommodation.\n\nThese entitlements and any other terms and conditions already agreed will continue to apply unless the contract is changed by mutual agreement or it finishes.\n\nWorkers must always be paid at least the appropriate National Minimum Wage. A worker\u2019s rate must be raised if it ever falls below the minimum.\n\n## Enforcement of workers\u2019 rights\n\nWorkers should contact the Acas helpline if they\u2019re concerned that they\u2019re not working under the right terms and conditions.\n\n## Wales\n\nThere is no change in terms and conditions for workers in Wales after 1 October 2013.\n\nWorkers should contact the Agriculture: Sustainable Development Division if they\u2019re concerned they\u2019re not working under the correct terms and conditions.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/agricultural-workers-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother is employed full time in a farm in Wales and operates a combine harvester but got an accident which left him with a broken leg. He has been told to have a bed rest by the doctor. Has now been off duty for 6 days .", + "original_question": "Can he claim sick pay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-392", + "question": "Scenario: I own a shoe manufacturing company and my business friend owns a patent of a running shoes design.I would like to buy and own the patent to expand my business .\n\nQuestion: Do i need a solicitor to make this agreement?\n\nDocument - Using somebody else's intellectual property:\n## Overview\n\nYou can usually get permission to use someone else\u2019s intellectual property (IP) by buying the rights from them or getting their permission to use it.\n\nUsing someone\u2019s trade mark, patent, copyright or design without their permission is known as \u2018IP infringement\u2019 and could lead to a fine, prison or both.\n\nRead about IP crime and enforcement for more information on the penalties.\n\n## Trade marks\n\nTo use an existing trade mark you should contact the current owner.\n\nFind the owner of a registered trade mark by searching the trade marks database.\n\n## Licensing\n\nA licence is a formal agreement to use someone else\u2019s trade mark. You and the owner must agree the terms of the licence, for example the cost or how long it will last.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve agreed a licence to use the trade mark, fill in the form to record a licensee and post it. The address is on the form.\n\nPost an application to remove or amend the record of a licence when the licensing agreement ends or if you need to change it.\n\nThe owner must sign any form you send, or you must send proof of the agreement with your application.\n\nEach application costs \u00a350.\n\n## Buying\n\nYou must tell IPO if you become the new owner of a trade mark, for example by buying it or as the result of a company merger.\n\nIn some cases the owner may only sell you one part of a trade mark, for example they may not sell the right to register derivative marks. This is known as a \u2018partial assignment\u2019.\n\nUse either:\n\n- \u2018Application to record a change of ownership\u2019 form\n\n- \u2018Application to record a partial assignment of goods and/or services\u2019 form\n\nEach application costs \u00a350.\n\nFill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.\n\n## Coexistence agreements\n\nYou may be able to use an identical trade mark (for example company name, logo) as someone else by making a coexistence agreement.\n\nThis means you agree that both of you can continue to use the trade mark.\n\n## Patents\n\nContact the owner of the patent to see if they\u2019ll:\n\n- license it to you\n\n- sell it to you\n\nSearch the patent databases to find the current owner.\n\n## Licensing\n\nAny licence arrangement, including cost, is made directly between you and the patent owner.\n\nYou can ask Intellectual Property Office (IPO) for help to resolve patent disputes if you can\u2019t reach an agreement.\n\nIPO can\u2019t decide the exact terms of the licence (for example the price) but can decide:\n\n- what can and can\u2019t be part of a licence\n\n- if the patent owner must grant you a licence (known as a \u2018compulsory licence under a patent\u2019)\n\n## Licence of right\n\nA patent with \u2018licence of right\u2019, means that the patent owners will give anyone a licence to use it.\n\nYou must still agree with the owner on the terms of the licence before you can use the patent.\n\nYou can ask IPO for help if you can\u2019t reach agreement.\n\n## Registering your licence\n\nRegister a licence agreement (or changes to an existing licence, for example cancellation) by filling in Patents form 21. Send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.\n\n## Buying a patent\n\nWhen someone sells you a patent they must transfer ownership to you.\n\nYou need a written document to record the transfer. This is known as an \u2018assignment\u2019 and must be signed by the person selling the patent.\n\nA solicitor can help you draw up this document.\n\nFill in Patents form 21 and return it to the address on the form. Include a copy of your assignment.\n\nYou can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.\n\n## Copyright\n\nYou can\u2019t copy or use copyright material without permission. For example, you can\u2019t buy a painting and then use copies of it for a book cover, or buy a CD and use a track from it in a film.\n\nTo use something protected by copyright you must either:\n\n- agree a licence with the owner to use it\n\n- buy or acquire the copyright\n\n- confirm that your intended use falls within the exceptions to copyright\n\n## Finding a copyright owner\n\nA person can give permission if they are:\n\n- the person who made it (the creator), or their family or heirs\n\n- the creator\u2019s employer, if it was created it as part of the creator\u2019s job\n\n- a person who bought, acquired or licensed the rights\n\n- an organisation representing the copyright owner\n\nYou may be able to find out who owns copyright from Writers, Artists and their copyright holders (WATCH).\n\nIf you can\u2019t find out who the copyright owner is check if you need a licence to use the work.\n\n## Licensing\n\nYou must agree the terms of an agreement with the current owner to use all or part of copyright works.\n\nThe licence agreement may allow you to use it for one or more specified purposes and may apply only for a limited time or in specific places.\n\n## Exclusive use\n\nYou\u2019ll be the only person able to use something for the duration of the agreement.\n\nThis includes the copyright owner, who won\u2019t be able to use it themselves while the agreement is in place.\n\n## Limited use\n\nYou\u2019ll only be given permission to use something for one or more specific reasons, for example publishing a photograph in one edition of a magazine or using a song as the theme for one series of a TV show.\n\nYou need to agree another licence if you want to use the material for something else.\n\n## Creative Commons licence\n\nSome copyright owners release work under a Creative Commons licence.\n\nYou must check what kind of use the licence allows.\n\n## Buying copyright\n\nWhen you buy copyright the person you\u2019re buying from transfers the copyright to you.\n\nOnce you own the copyright to something you can use it for anything you like, without the creator\u2019s express permission, as long as you respect their moral rights.\n\nYou must have a written agreement, signed by the copyright owner, stating that they have transferred ownership of the copyright to you.\n\n## Moral rights\n\nThe creator may still have certain rights regarding how their work is used even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.\n\nAuthors, playwrights, composers, artists and film directors have the moral right:\n\n- to be recognised as the creator of the work when copies are made available to the public\n\n- to object to the work being altered in a way that has negative effect on their reputation\n\n- to not have someone else\u2019s work falsely attributed to them\n\nPerformers, such as actors or dancers, have the moral right:\n\n- to be recognised as the performer of the piece\n\n- to object to the performance being altered in a way that is damaging to their reputation\n\nThe creator or performer of a piece of work to which you own the copyright must tell you if they want to exercise these rights.\n\nThey can choose whether or not to use their moral rights.\n\nMoral rights can\u2019t be sold or transferred in the same way as copyright. They last for as long as the piece of work is covered by copyright.\n\n## Performers\u2019 rights\n\nPerformers, for example in films or broadcasts, may still have \u2018economic rights\u2019 to some copyright material, even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.\n\nFor example, if you\u2019ve bought the copyright to a filmed recording of a play you may still have to pay the actors if you broadcast it.\n\n## Permitted use of copyright works\n\nYou may not need permission if you\u2019re using a copyright work for the following reasons:\n\n- non-commercial research and private study\n\n- criticism, review and reporting current events\n\n- teaching in educational establishments\n\n- helping disabled people\n\n- recording for use at a later date\n\nYou may not need permission if you only want to use a \u2018less than a substantial\u2019 part of a copyright protected work. This is decided on a case by case basis.\n\nGenerally something won\u2019t be less than a substantial part if it could be seen as an important part of the work, for example a frame from a film or the conclusions of a report.\n\nGet legal advice from an intellectual property professional before using copyrighted material, if you\u2019re in any doubt.\n\nRead the guidance on exceptions to copyright for detailed information.\n\n## Designs\n\nTo use a registered design you must contact the current owner and either agree a licence to use the design or buy it from them.\n\nThe licence between you and the design\u2019s owner will tell you:\n\n- what you can do with the design\n\n- how long your licence will last\n\n- what you have to pay - if anything\n\nYou can do anything with a design that you\u2019ve bought.\n\nFill in and send form DF12A to register a licence or transfer ownership of the design - the address is on the form.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a shoe manufacturing company and my business friend owns a patent of a running shoes design.I would like to buy and own the patent to expand my business .", + "original_question": "Do i need a solicitor to make this agreement?" + }, + { + "id": "train-393", + "question": "Scenario: I have just turned 18 years and this is my first time to vote. I applied for a postal vote and spoiled the ballot paper.\n\nQuestion: Will i be able to get another chance to vote in person at the polling station?\n\nDocument - How to vote:\n## Overview\n\nYou need to be registered to vote before you can vote in UK elections or referendums.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, you can vote in person on the day of the election at a named polling station. You can also apply for a postal or proxy vote instead.\n\nFind out about voting safely during coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## Ways of voting\n\nYou can vote:\n\n- in person at a polling station\n\n- by post\n\n- by asking someone else to vote for you (voting by proxy)\n\nYou cannot vote online in any elections.\n\n## Eligibility to vote\n\nYou can vote when you\u2019re:\n\n- 18 years old in England and Northern Ireland\n\n- 16 years old in Scottish Parliament and local elections (and other elections when you\u2019re 18)\n\n- 16 years old in Welsh Parliament elections (and other elections when you\u2019re 18)\n\n## Elections you can vote in\n\nDifferent elections have different rules on who can vote.\n\n## Voting and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nElections and referendums are going ahead during coronavirus (COVID-19), though you may see changes to some processes. You can still vote in person at a polling station.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-isolating, clinically extremely vulnerable, or do not want to go to the polling station, you can vote by post or vote by proxy.\n\nYou may also be able to get an emergency proxy vote at short notice if you need to self-isolate shortly before or on election day.\n\n## At the polling station\n\nBecause of COVID-19, there will be safety measures in place at polling stations to help you vote safely (for example, a one-way system or restrictions on the number of people allowed in).\n\nIf you choose to vote in person, make sure you:\n\n- wear a face covering (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n- bring your own pen or pencil (there will be clean pencils available at the polling station if you forget to bring your own)\n\n- use the hand sanitiser provided when entering and leaving the polling station\n\n- keep to social distancing guidelines\n\n## If you have COVID-19 symptoms or have been asked to self-isolate\n\nDo not visit the polling station. Apply for an emergency proxy vote instead. Your proxy can also apply if they develop symptoms.\n\nYou can apply until 5pm on election day. There are different forms to:\n\n- apply for an emergency proxy vote in England\n\n- apply for an emergency proxy vote in Scotland\n\n- apply for an emergency proxy vote in Wales\n\n## Voting in person\n\nYou vote in person at a polling station (usually in a public building, such as a school or local hall).\n\n## Your poll card\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a poll card just before an election telling you when to vote and at which polling station. You can only vote at the polling station location on your card.\n\nIf you have not received a poll card but think you should, contact your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nYou can still vote if you\u2019ve lost your card.\n\n## When you can vote\n\nPolling stations will be open from 7am to 10pm on the day of an election (\u2018polling day\u2019).\n\n## When you get to the polling station\n\nGive your name and address to the staff inside the polling station when you arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a ballot paper containing a list of the people, parties or options you can vote for.\n\n## ID you need to bring\n\nIf you live in England, Wales or Scotland you do not need to bring any identification to vote.\n\nYou will need to show photo ID to vote in Northern Ireland (your passport, driving licence, Electoral Identity Card or certain kinds of Translink Smartpass).\n\nYou do not have to take your poll card with you.\n\n## Filling in your ballot paper\n\nFollow the instructions on the notices in the polling booth and on the top of the ballot paper to vote.\n\n## Voting if you have a disability\n\nIf you have a disability, your local Electoral Registration Office can tell you about:\n\n- physical access, for example wheelchair ramps and disabled parking spaces\n\n- low-level polling booths\n\n- equipment for voters with a visual impairment\n\nEvery polling station must provide at least one large print display version of the ballot paper and a special tactile voting device (TVD) to help people with sight loss.\n\n## Voting by post\n\nYou must apply for a postal vote if you want to vote by post, for example if:\n\n- you\u2019re away from home\n\n- you\u2019re abroad and want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales\n\nYou do not need to give a reason unless you\u2019re voting in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Apply for a postal vote\n\nYou can apply to vote by post for one of the following:\n\n- a single election on a specific date\n\n- a specific period if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- permanently\n\nArrange to vote by proxy if there are under 2 weeks until election day and you have not made arrangements.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form to apply to vote by post in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Change where your postal vote card is sent\n\nMake a new application for a postal vote if you move house or you\u2019ll be away from home when the postal vote is sent out.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form for Northern Ireland.\n\n## Completing and returning your postal vote\n\nWhen voting by post, you should:\n\n- mark your vote on your ballot paper in secret\n\n- fill in the postal voting statement\n\n- put the ballot and statement in the envelope provided\n\n- seal the envelope yourself\n\nPost your ballot back as quickly as possible to make sure it\u2019s counted.\n\n## If you\u2019re too late to post your ballot paper\n\nTake it to your local polling station by 10pm on election day, or Electoral Registration Office before they close.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, take it to your local Area Electoral Office before they close.\n\n## Replace a lost or damaged ballot paper\n\nYour ballot paper needs to clearly display your details and voting choice. If it has been damaged you need to get another one.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- ask your local Electoral Registration Office to post a replacement\n\n- collect a replacement from your local Electoral Registration Office up to 5pm on election day (or the day before in Northern Ireland)\n\nYou cannot vote at a polling station if you registered to vote by post but your ballot paper was lost or damaged.\n\n## Voting by proxy\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to vote in person you can ask someone to vote on your behalf. This is called a proxy vote.\n\nYou can only apply for a proxy vote under certain circumstances, including:\n\n- being away on polling day\n\n- having a medical issue or disability\n\n- not being able to vote in person because of work or military service\n\nYour proxy should be someone you trust to vote on your behalf. You\u2019ll need to tell them which candidate (or referendum outcome) you want to vote for.\n\n## How to apply for a proxy vote\n\nApply for a proxy vote using a paper form. You need to send it to your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nUsually, you need to apply for a proxy vote at least 6 working days before election day if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nThere\u2019s a different form to apply to vote by proxy in Northern Ireland. Apply at least 14 working days before election day.\n\n## Apply for an emergency proxy vote\n\nIf the proxy vote deadline has passed you may be able to apply for an emergency proxy vote if you both:\n\n- cannot vote in person because of your employment or a disability\n\n- became aware of this reason after the proxy deadline\n\nYou can apply until 5pm on the day of the election. Fill in a paper form to:\n\n- apply to vote by emergency proxy based on your employment\n\n- apply to vote by emergency proxy based on your disability\n\nAn \u2018appropriate person\u2019 (for example your employer or a doctor) must sign the application form. Send it to your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nYou can also apply for an emergency proxy vote if you or your proxy need to self-isolate because of COVID-19.\n\n## How long your proxy vote is for\n\nYou can apply to vote by proxy:\n\n- for a single election on a specific date\n\n- for a specific period if you want to vote in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- permanently\n\n## Who can act as a proxy\n\nYou can ask anyone to act as your proxy - as long as they:\n\n- are registered to vote\n\n- are allowed to vote in the type of election taking place\n\n- can vote in the polling station stated on your poll card\n\nIf they cannot get to your polling station, they will need to contact your local Electoral Registration Office to arrange to cast their proxy vote by post.\n\n## Change or cancel your proxy vote\n\nTo change who acts as your proxy or to start voting in person, contact your local Electoral Registration Office.\n\nIf you want to vote by post instead, complete a postal vote application.\n\n## Voting from abroad\n\nHow you vote when you\u2019re abroad depends on:\n\n- whether you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily or living abroad\n\n- where you want to vote\n\n## If you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily\n\nYou can vote by post or proxy if you\u2019ll be abroad temporarily on election day, for example on holiday or a work trip.\n\n## Voting in England, Scotland or Wales\n\nYou can arrange:\n\n- to vote by post\n\n- for someone else to vote for you (vote by proxy)\n\nIf you\u2019re abroad on election day you need to make arrangements in advance. Apply to vote by proxy if the election is less than 2 weeks away and you have not made arrangements yet.\n\nYour postal ballot will be sent to the address you\u2019ve chosen no earlier than 16 days before the election. You need to return your ballot before 10pm on polling day.\n\n## Voting in Northern Ireland\n\nThere\u2019s a different process to apply to vote by post or proxy if you live in Northern Ireland and will be abroad temporarily on election day.\n\nIf you will not have time to receive and return your postal ballot in Northern Ireland before going abroad you\u2019ll need to vote by proxy. You cannot apply to have your postal vote sent outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving or living abroad\n\nYou can only vote in UK Parliament elections. You may be able to vote in referendums. Each referendum has different rules on who can vote in it.\n\nYou need to register as an overseas voter.\n\nYou can vote by post or proxy, if you\u2019re eligible. You\u2019ll be asked to make this choice when you register.\n\nYou\u2019ll then need to apply by filling in and posting one of the following:\n\n- the paper form to apply for a postal vote\n\n- the paper form to apply for a proxy vote\n\nYou can also ask for the form to be emailed or posted to you when you register online.\n\nIf you\u2019re registered in Northern Ireland, you cannot vote by post from abroad.\n\n## Get help voting\n\nYou can contact your Electoral Register Office to find out when postal votes might be sent. This could help you decide whether to vote by proxy or by post.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/how-to-vote", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just turned 18 years and this is my first time to vote. I applied for a postal vote and spoiled the ballot paper.", + "original_question": "Will i be able to get another chance to vote in person at the polling station?" + }, + { + "id": "train-395", + "question": "Scenario: Yesterday we had our North East somerset MP Elections and i was one of the candidates. I and my team witnessed alot election fraud,destruction of ballot papers,vote buying,ballot stuffing and misrecording of votes etc I have a tangible evidence and i would like to file an election petition. .\n\nQuestion: Can i challenge the election results within the coming 10days?\n\nDocument - Challenge an election result:\n## When you can make a challenge\n\nYou may be able to challenge the result of an election if you think it was not run properly, for example the votes were not counted correctly or a candidate broke the law.\n\nYou can challenge a UK Parliament election if either of the following apply:\n\n- you had the right to vote in it\n\n- you were a candidate\n\nYou can challenge a local government election if either:\n\n- you\u2019re part of a group of at least 4 people who had the right to vote in the election\n\n- you were a candidate\n\n## The deadline\n\nYou must usually apply within 21 days of when:\n\n- the result of the UK Parliament election was returned to the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery\n\n- the local government election was held\n\nA judge might let you apply after 21 days if:\n\n- you think there have been corrupt or illegal practices, for example bribery\n\n- your complaint is about election expenses, for example you think the winner spent more than they were allowed\n\n## How to make a challenge\n\nTo challenge an election you must apply to the Election Petitions Office. This is called issuing an election petition.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send:\n\n- an election petition\n\n- an application to pay \u2018security for costs\u2019\n\nThe Election Petitions Office will stamp the petition before you send (\u2018serve\u2019) it to the people you\u2019re complaining about (\u2018the respondents\u2019). You can then apply to set a date for a hearing.\n\n## What to include in the petition\n\nYour petition must say:\n\n- why you\u2019re allowed to challenge the election result\n\n- the date and result of the election\n\n- the reason you\u2019re challenging the result, for example you think the votes were counted incorrectly\n\n- what you would like to happen, for example a recount\n\nFor a UK Parliament election, you must also give the date the result was given to the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery. The person who oversaw the election (the \u2018returning officer\u2019) can tell you this.\n\nYou can use a template to help you write the petition.\n\nYou must sign the petition. You cannot ask a solicitor to sign it for you. If you\u2019re part of a group, you must all sign.\n\n## Application for \u2018security for costs\u2019\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make an application to pay \u2018security for costs\u2019. This covers the cost of going to court.\n\nFill in form N244 (the \u2018application notice\u2019) and send it with your petition.\n\n## Send your challenge\n\nSend your petition and your application to pay \u2018security for costs\u2019 to the Election Petitions Office, along with your fees. The fees are:\n\n- \u00a3528 to issue a petition\n\n- \u00a3100 to apply for \u2018security for costs\u2019\n\nMake your cheque or postal order payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\nThe Election Petitions Office must receive your petition by the last day you\u2019re allowed to apply.\n\nYou can also hand in your petition in person. The Election Petitions Office is open on weekdays from 9:30am to 4:30pm.\n\nOn the last day you\u2019re allowed to apply, you can apply any time before midnight. Put your petition in the letterbox outside room E110 if the office is closed.\n\nCall the Royal Courts of Justice if you need to get access to the letterbox.\n\nYou must make a statement (\u2018swear an affidavit\u2019) the next working day in front of a solicitor or a notary public. Your statement must confirm the day and time when you put the petition in the letterbox.\n\n## Pay 'security for costs'\n\nAfter you apply, the Election Petitions Office will tell you how much to pay for \u2018security for costs\u2019. The maximum is:\n\n- \u00a35,000 for a UK Parliament election\n\n- \u00a32,500 for a local government election\n\n- \u00a31,500 for a parish council election\n\nYou can sometimes get help with court fees if you have little or no savings, are on certain benefits or have a low income.\n\nYou can pay cash or give the names of up to 4 people (\u2018sureties\u2019) who will guarantee to pay. You must do this within 3 working days of handing in the petition.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get the \u2018security for costs\u2019 back if you win the case.\n\nYou might have to pay more if you lose the case or you decide to stop it.\n\n## Serve your election petition\n\nYou should only contact the people you\u2019re complaining about (\u2018the respondents\u2019) once the Elections Petitions Office has stamped your petition. You must give (\u2018serve\u2019) them the petition within 5 working days of paying the \u2018security for costs\u2019.\n\nThe person who won the election must be one of the respondents, even if you do not think they\u2019ve done anything wrong.\n\n## What you must send\n\nSend each respondent copies of:\n\n- a letter (\u2018notice of presentation\u2019) from your solicitor if you have one\n\n- the petition you sent to the Election Petitions Office\n\n- the letter from the Election Petitions Office showing the amount of \u2018security for costs\u2019 and how you\u2019re paying (cash or guarantees)\n\n- promises (\u2018affidavits\u2019) from the people who guarantee to pay (\u2018sureties\u2019) if relevant\n\nYou must also send copies to the Director of Public Prosecutions.\n\nYou can send your documents:\n\n- in person\n\n- by first class post\n\n- through a solicitor\n\nThe court will consider documents to be served 2 days after they were posted if that\u2019s a working day, or the next working day if it is not.\n\n## What happens at the hearing and trial\n\nContact the Election Petitions Office to set the date for the hearing. You should do this within 28 days of your petition being stamped.\n\nIf you do not apply to set a date for the hearing, the respondents will have 28 days to apply themselves. They can also make other requests, for example to cancel (\u2018set aside\u2019) your petition.\n\nA judge will set a date for the hearing if you and the respondents do not apply to set one.\n\n## At the hearing and trial\n\nAt the hearing a judge can appoint a commissioner to manage your complaint. The commissioner will look at the evidence, for example by checking the voting slips.\n\nIf the commissioner thinks there should be a trial, it will normally be at a court in the constituency where you\u2019re challenging the result.\n\nAt the trial you and the respondents will each present your cases to the commissioner. Both sides can call witnesses to give evidence.\n\nIt usually takes several weeks to get a judgment. You\u2019ll be called to a meeting with the commissioner to hear the decision.\n\nYou cannot appeal the decision.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-election-result", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Yesterday we had our North East somerset MP Elections and i was one of the candidates. I and my team witnessed alot election fraud,destruction of ballot papers,vote buying,ballot stuffing and misrecording of votes etc I have a tangible evidence and i would like to file an election petition. .", + "original_question": "Can i challenge the election results within the coming 10days?" + }, + { + "id": "train-397", + "question": "Scenario: I arrived in UK illegaly via a small boat in kent. I ran away from my country Syria after facing persecution due to my political affliations. My asylum seeking on the first tribunal has been turned down. I can\u2019t go back to my country due to my situation. I will be killed. I want to appeal to the upper tribunal for a hearing .\n\nQuestion: Can i get a free legal aid since i have no money?\n\nDocument - Appeal a decision by the immigration and asylum tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if you think there\u2019s a legal mistake with a decision made by the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber).\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get legal advice (including from a solicitor), or help from a regulated immigration adviser.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice.\n\nYou may be able to get legal aid.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\nYou may be able to get asylum support, for example housing and money, while you\u2019re waiting to find out if you\u2019ll be given asylum.\n\nContact the tribunal if you have any questions about your appeal. The tribunal can not give you legal advice.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nYou must be able to make a case for why the decision was legally wrong. For example, if the tribunal:\n\n- did not apply the correct law or wrongly interpreted the law\n\n- did not follow the correct procedures\n\n- had no evidence or not enough evidence to support its decision\n\n## Ask for permission to appeal\n\nYou must ask the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given the form to ask permission from the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) when you get your decision. Send it with a copy of the decision to the address on the form.\n\n## Deadlines for asking the First-tier Tribunal for permission to appeal\n\nYou must ask for permission to appeal within a certain period of time of getting your decision. When you must appeal by depends on whether you\u2019re inside or outside the UK.\n\n| | When you must appeal by |\n\n| You\u2019re inside the UK | 14 days after the date on the written reasons for the decisions |\n\n| You\u2019re outside the UK | 28 days after the date on the written reasons for the decisions |\n\n## Fees\n\nThere is no fee to appeal to the tribunal.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission to appeal\n\nYou can apply to the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal if the First-tier Tribunal refuses, or only gives your permission to appeal on limited grounds.\n\nDownload and fill in the Upper Tribunal permission request form and send it with the appropriate documents to the address on the form.\n\nYou must also say whether you want a hearing or not.\n\nIf your case was heard at either the Yarl\u2019s Wood or the Harmondsworth hearing centre as a Detained Immigration Appeal, send your application to the Harmondsworth hearing centre.\n\n## Deadlines for asking the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal\n\nHow long you have depends on where you are and how you received your refusal letter from the First-tier Tribunal.\n\n| | When you must appeal by |\n\n| You\u2019re inside the UK | 14 days after the date on the decision |\n\n| You\u2019re outside the UK | 1 month after the date on the decision |\n\n## Documents you must send with your application\n\nInclude copies of the following documents with your form:\n\n- the decision by the First-tier Tribunal\n\n- the \u2018notice of refusal of permission to appeal\u2019 by the First-tier Tribunal or the \u2018refusal to admit the application for permission\u2019\n\n- a statement clearly setting out your reasons for why you think the First-tier Tribunal made a mistake\n\n- any other relevant documents that you sent to the First-tier Tribunal\n\nYou also need to include any written evidence that shows why you think the First-tier Tribunal made a legal mistake.\n\nIf your application is late, you must explain in writing why it is late. The tribunal will then decide if it can review your application.\n\n## Ask for a hearing\n\nYou can ask on your application for a decision to be made either:\n\n- just on the information in your application\n\n- at a hearing that you or your representative can go to\n\nThe tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case and invited to attend if you\u2019re in the UK.\n\nIf they do not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your application.\n\n## Withdrawing your appeal\n\nOnly you or your representative can withdraw your appeal. Contact the tribunal in writing if you want to withdraw your appeal - include your appeal number. The tribunal will decide whether to give you permission to withdraw, or if the hearing will go ahead.\n\nIf your hearing is less than 7 days away, contact the hearing centre where your appeal is scheduled.\n\n## If you have a hearing\n\nYou or your representative will be told when and where your hearing will take place. You can check the daily courts lists on the day of your hearing to find out if anything has changed.\n\nYou may need to attend a pre-hearing first, where the tribunal will check that you\u2019re ready for the full hearing to take place.\n\nBring copies of all the documents that you gave to the tribunal.\n\nYou can bring a friend to represent you - ask the judge at the beginning of the hearing if this is the case.\n\n## Special requirements\n\nWrite to the Customer Enquiry Unit at least 2 weeks before your hearing if you need any special help, for example wheelchair access.\n\n## Private hearings or hearings by video\n\nHearings are usually carried out in public. If you have an important need (for example you think you\u2019ll be put in danger if you go to the hearing), you can ask:\n\n- for your name not to appear on any tribunal documents or court lists\n\n- for the tribunal to be private and not open to the public\n\n- to attend the hearing by video link\n\n## Asking for a male or female judge\n\nYou can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.\n\nMake your request as soon as possible when your apply, and no later than 7 days before the hearing.\n\n## If you cannot attend the hearing\n\nYou must attend the hearing yourself if you\u2019re in the UK. You can also bring a solicitor or regulated immigration adviser with you.\n\nIf you\u2019re not in the UK, you can ask a solicitor, regulated immigration adviser or the person who supported your application (your \u2018sponsor\u2019) to attend the hearing in your place.\n\nYou can only be represented at the hearing by a solicitor or regulated immigration adviser, your sponsor can not act on your behalf.\n\nYour sponsor can not represent you at the hearing, they can only be:\n\n- told the tribunal\u2019s decision\n\n- given information over the phone\n\nYou must write to the tribunal to tell them if your sponsor will be attending the hearing in your place. Include the case reference number of your appeal.\n\n## Children at the hearing\n\nYou can not take children into the hearing room with you. If you need to bring them to the tribunal, you\u2019ll need to bring someone to look after them.\n\n## If your appeal can not be resolved at the hearing\n\nIf your appeal is not held on its scheduled day for any reason (for example there is not a judge available) it\u2019ll be \u2018adjourned\u2019 and rescheduled for another day.\n\nYour hearing may also be adjourned as \u2018part heard\u2019 if there is not enough time to finish it, or it can not be resolved on the day, for example because more evidence is needed.\n\nThe tribunal will arrange another hearing with the same people present.\n\n## The tribunal's decision\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get your decision in writing in 28 days.\n\n## If you win your appeal\n\nIf the Upper Tribunal decides that a mistake was made it can:\n\n- overrule the decision and make its own judgement\n\n- order the First-tier Tribunal to hear the case again\n\nThe Home Office can appeal the decision of the tribunal.\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYou may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal mistake made by the tribunal.\n\nGet legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.\n\n## Ask for permission\n\nYou must write to the upper tribunal and ask for permission before you appeal. How long you have to do this depends on where you are and how you received your decision.\n\n| | Refusal letter by post | Refusal by email or delivered personally |\n\n| You\u2019re inside the UK | 12 working days | 10 working days |\n\n| You\u2019re outside the UK | 38 days | 10 days |\n\nOnce you have permission, you should appeal to the relevant higher court:\n\n- The Court of Appeal in England and Wales\n\n- The Court of Session in Scotland\n\n- The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland\n\nYou must do this within:\n\n- 28 days of being given permission (England and Wales)\n\n- 42 days of being given permission (Scotland)\n\n- 21 days of being given permission (Northern Ireland)\n\nYou may have to pay court fees and the other party\u2019s costs.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission\n\nYou can ask the relevant higher court for permission.\n\nYou must do this within:\n\n- 28 days of being refused permission (England and Wales)\n\n- 42 days of being refused permission (Scotland)\n\n- 21 days of being refused permission (Northern Ireland)\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) must follow the rules and process in the The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008.\n\nThe tribunal has issued additional guidance on certain issues:\n\n- practice statements\n\n- practice directions\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on legislation, including the:\n\n- Immigration Act 1971\n\n- Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002\n\n- Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006\n\n- Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007\n\n- UK Borders Act 2007\n\n- Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009\n\n- Immigration Rules\n\n- Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2006\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nYou can search for decisions made in other cases.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/upper-tribunal-immigration-asylum", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I arrived in UK illegaly via a small boat in kent. I ran away from my country Syria after facing persecution due to my political affliations. My asylum seeking on the first tribunal has been turned down. I can\u2019t go back to my country due to my situation. I will be killed. I want to appeal to the upper tribunal for a hearing .", + "original_question": "Can i get a free legal aid since i have no money?" + }, + { + "id": "train-398", + "question": "Scenario: My Uncle sought asylum after arriving legally in UK in 2015.His first tier tribunal application was refused. He made an appeal to the upper tribunal but he is very demoralised due to how the long process has affected his health and welfare. He has decided to withdraw the appeal and go back voluntarily to his county in Kenya.\n\nQuestion: Can he apply for the withdrawal of the appeal?\n\nDocument - Appeal a decision by the immigration and asylum tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if you think there\u2019s a legal mistake with a decision made by the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber).\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get legal advice (including from a solicitor), or help from a regulated immigration adviser.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice.\n\nYou may be able to get legal aid.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\nYou may be able to get asylum support, for example housing and money, while you\u2019re waiting to find out if you\u2019ll be given asylum.\n\nContact the tribunal if you have any questions about your appeal. The tribunal can not give you legal advice.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nYou must be able to make a case for why the decision was legally wrong. For example, if the tribunal:\n\n- did not apply the correct law or wrongly interpreted the law\n\n- did not follow the correct procedures\n\n- had no evidence or not enough evidence to support its decision\n\n## Ask for permission to appeal\n\nYou must ask the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given the form to ask permission from the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) when you get your decision. Send it with a copy of the decision to the address on the form.\n\n## Deadlines for asking the First-tier Tribunal for permission to appeal\n\nYou must ask for permission to appeal within a certain period of time of getting your decision. When you must appeal by depends on whether you\u2019re inside or outside the UK.\n\n| | When you must appeal by |\n\n| You\u2019re inside the UK | 14 days after the date on the written reasons for the decisions |\n\n| You\u2019re outside the UK | 28 days after the date on the written reasons for the decisions |\n\n## Fees\n\nThere is no fee to appeal to the tribunal.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission to appeal\n\nYou can apply to the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal if the First-tier Tribunal refuses, or only gives your permission to appeal on limited grounds.\n\nDownload and fill in the Upper Tribunal permission request form and send it with the appropriate documents to the address on the form.\n\nYou must also say whether you want a hearing or not.\n\nIf your case was heard at either the Yarl\u2019s Wood or the Harmondsworth hearing centre as a Detained Immigration Appeal, send your application to the Harmondsworth hearing centre.\n\n## Deadlines for asking the Upper Tribunal for permission to appeal\n\nHow long you have depends on where you are and how you received your refusal letter from the First-tier Tribunal.\n\n| | When you must appeal by |\n\n| You\u2019re inside the UK | 14 days after the date on the decision |\n\n| You\u2019re outside the UK | 1 month after the date on the decision |\n\n## Documents you must send with your application\n\nInclude copies of the following documents with your form:\n\n- the decision by the First-tier Tribunal\n\n- the \u2018notice of refusal of permission to appeal\u2019 by the First-tier Tribunal or the \u2018refusal to admit the application for permission\u2019\n\n- a statement clearly setting out your reasons for why you think the First-tier Tribunal made a mistake\n\n- any other relevant documents that you sent to the First-tier Tribunal\n\nYou also need to include any written evidence that shows why you think the First-tier Tribunal made a legal mistake.\n\nIf your application is late, you must explain in writing why it is late. The tribunal will then decide if it can review your application.\n\n## Ask for a hearing\n\nYou can ask on your application for a decision to be made either:\n\n- just on the information in your application\n\n- at a hearing that you or your representative can go to\n\nThe tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case and invited to attend if you\u2019re in the UK.\n\nIf they do not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your application.\n\n## Withdrawing your appeal\n\nOnly you or your representative can withdraw your appeal. Contact the tribunal in writing if you want to withdraw your appeal - include your appeal number. The tribunal will decide whether to give you permission to withdraw, or if the hearing will go ahead.\n\nIf your hearing is less than 7 days away, contact the hearing centre where your appeal is scheduled.\n\n## If you have a hearing\n\nYou or your representative will be told when and where your hearing will take place. You can check the daily courts lists on the day of your hearing to find out if anything has changed.\n\nYou may need to attend a pre-hearing first, where the tribunal will check that you\u2019re ready for the full hearing to take place.\n\nBring copies of all the documents that you gave to the tribunal.\n\nYou can bring a friend to represent you - ask the judge at the beginning of the hearing if this is the case.\n\n## Special requirements\n\nWrite to the Customer Enquiry Unit at least 2 weeks before your hearing if you need any special help, for example wheelchair access.\n\n## Private hearings or hearings by video\n\nHearings are usually carried out in public. If you have an important need (for example you think you\u2019ll be put in danger if you go to the hearing), you can ask:\n\n- for your name not to appear on any tribunal documents or court lists\n\n- for the tribunal to be private and not open to the public\n\n- to attend the hearing by video link\n\n## Asking for a male or female judge\n\nYou can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.\n\nMake your request as soon as possible when your apply, and no later than 7 days before the hearing.\n\n## If you cannot attend the hearing\n\nYou must attend the hearing yourself if you\u2019re in the UK. You can also bring a solicitor or regulated immigration adviser with you.\n\nIf you\u2019re not in the UK, you can ask a solicitor, regulated immigration adviser or the person who supported your application (your \u2018sponsor\u2019) to attend the hearing in your place.\n\nYou can only be represented at the hearing by a solicitor or regulated immigration adviser, your sponsor can not act on your behalf.\n\nYour sponsor can not represent you at the hearing, they can only be:\n\n- told the tribunal\u2019s decision\n\n- given information over the phone\n\nYou must write to the tribunal to tell them if your sponsor will be attending the hearing in your place. Include the case reference number of your appeal.\n\n## Children at the hearing\n\nYou can not take children into the hearing room with you. If you need to bring them to the tribunal, you\u2019ll need to bring someone to look after them.\n\n## If your appeal can not be resolved at the hearing\n\nIf your appeal is not held on its scheduled day for any reason (for example there is not a judge available) it\u2019ll be \u2018adjourned\u2019 and rescheduled for another day.\n\nYour hearing may also be adjourned as \u2018part heard\u2019 if there is not enough time to finish it, or it can not be resolved on the day, for example because more evidence is needed.\n\nThe tribunal will arrange another hearing with the same people present.\n\n## The tribunal's decision\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get your decision in writing in 28 days.\n\n## If you win your appeal\n\nIf the Upper Tribunal decides that a mistake was made it can:\n\n- overrule the decision and make its own judgement\n\n- order the First-tier Tribunal to hear the case again\n\nThe Home Office can appeal the decision of the tribunal.\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYou may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal mistake made by the tribunal.\n\nGet legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.\n\n## Ask for permission\n\nYou must write to the upper tribunal and ask for permission before you appeal. How long you have to do this depends on where you are and how you received your decision.\n\n| | Refusal letter by post | Refusal by email or delivered personally |\n\n| You\u2019re inside the UK | 12 working days | 10 working days |\n\n| You\u2019re outside the UK | 38 days | 10 days |\n\nOnce you have permission, you should appeal to the relevant higher court:\n\n- The Court of Appeal in England and Wales\n\n- The Court of Session in Scotland\n\n- The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland\n\nYou must do this within:\n\n- 28 days of being given permission (England and Wales)\n\n- 42 days of being given permission (Scotland)\n\n- 21 days of being given permission (Northern Ireland)\n\nYou may have to pay court fees and the other party\u2019s costs.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission\n\nYou can ask the relevant higher court for permission.\n\nYou must do this within:\n\n- 28 days of being refused permission (England and Wales)\n\n- 42 days of being refused permission (Scotland)\n\n- 21 days of being refused permission (Northern Ireland)\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) must follow the rules and process in the The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008.\n\nThe tribunal has issued additional guidance on certain issues:\n\n- practice statements\n\n- practice directions\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on legislation, including the:\n\n- Immigration Act 1971\n\n- Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002\n\n- Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006\n\n- Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007\n\n- UK Borders Act 2007\n\n- Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009\n\n- Immigration Rules\n\n- Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2006\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nYou can search for decisions made in other cases.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/upper-tribunal-immigration-asylum", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Uncle sought asylum after arriving legally in UK in 2015.His first tier tribunal application was refused. He made an appeal to the upper tribunal but he is very demoralised due to how the long process has affected his health and welfare. He has decided to withdraw the appeal and go back voluntarily to his county in Kenya.", + "original_question": "Can he apply for the withdrawal of the appeal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-401", + "question": "Scenario: My late husband served in the Brtitish Army since 1990. He died 2004 after a bomb was thrown to his bunker during a war in iraq.\n\nQuestion: Can i apply for a veterans badge?\n\nDocument - Apply for a veterans badge or a medal:\n## Apply for a veterans badge\n\nYou can get an armed forces veterans badge if you\u2019ve served in any of the UK armed forces - there\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you were in the:\n\n- army\n\n- Royal Navy\n\n- Royal Marines\n\n- Royal Air Force (RAF)\n\n- volunteer or regular reserves\n\nYou cannot apply if you:\n\n- served in the armed forces of another country\n\n- served alongside the UK armed forces, for example in the Canadian Navy or Royal Australian Air Force\n\n## If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died\n\nYou can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get either:\n\n- a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension\n\n- compensation under the Survivors Guaranteed Income Payment (SGIP)\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application for an armed forces veterans badge.\n\nYou can also call the enquiries line to get a paper application form sent to you.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give as much information on the form as possible, such as:\n\n- the force you served in, for example the army or Royal Navy\n\n- service number\n\n- period of service\n\nPost the form to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.\n\nYou can also apply for a medal if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nIf you lose your badge, you can apply for a replacement.\n\n## Get help\n\nIf you need to contact MOD about your veterans badge application, you can phone, fax or send an email to dbs-modmo-vetsbadge@mod.gov.uk.\n\nYou cannot apply for a veterans badge by email.\n\n## Apply for a medal\n\nYou can apply for a medal if you served in the armed forces and are eligible.\n\nFind out the types of medal the Ministry of Defence (MOD) issues.\n\nYou can only apply for World War 1 medals if the original was returned.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you were awarded a medal for service in any of the following:\n\n- the army\n\n- the Royal Navy\n\n- the Royal Marines\n\n- the Royal Air Force (RAF)\n\n- the Home Guard\n\n- the reserve forces\n\nYou must meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal\n\nYou can apply on behalf of a veteran if you have lasting power of attorney.\n\nIf the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules for the official next of kin are:\n\n- the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has the first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the parent is entitled to apply\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse, child or parent, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the medal application form.\n\nApply through your unit if you\u2019re still serving in the armed forces.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone else, you must include a copy of either your lasting power of attorney or a death certificate.\n\nPost the form, along with any supporting documents, to the MOD Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your medal within 12 weeks of sending the application form.\n\nYou can apply for a replacement medal if the original\u2019s been stolen or accidentally destroyed, for example in a fire.\n\n## Get help\n\nIf you need to contact MOD about your medal application, email dbs-medals@mod.gov.uk.\n\n## Replace a badge or medal\n\nYou can get the first replacement veterans badge for free.\n\nYou may be able to get a replacement medal - it depends how it was lost. You\u2019ll have to pay for the replacement medal plus a fee.\n\n## Replace a veterans badge\n\nFollow the instructions for applying for a veterans badge - you can use the same form.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your replacement veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.\n\nYou do not have to pay a fee if it\u2019s the first veterans badge you\u2019re replacing.\n\n## Replace a medal\n\nYou can only get a replacement medal from the Ministry of Defence (MOD) if it was stolen or destroyed, for example in a fire or flood. The medal must have been awarded for service after World War 1.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show proof by providing a copy of either a:\n\n- police crime report\n\n- successful insurance claim listing the individual items\n\nYou can also buy replacement medals from a licensed medal dealer.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the medal application form to ask for a replacement medal. Post the form to the MOD Medal Office, along with:\n\n- a letter explaining how the medal was stolen or destroyed\n\n- a copy of the police report or insurance claim\n\nThe address is on the form.\n\nContact your unit\u2019s human resources (HR) department if you\u2019re currently serving in the armed forces.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the Medal Office - usually within 10 working days of when your application\u2019s received.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much the replacement will cost and how to pay if your application\u2019s successful. The cost depends on the type of medal. It includes an administration fee.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the replacement within 4 weeks from the Medal Office getting your payment.\n\n## Apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge\n\nYou can apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge if you:\n\n- were a Merchant Navy seafarer or fisherman\n\n- served in a vessel used to support the UK Armed Forces\n\n## If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died\n\nYou can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for a badge through the Merchant Navy Association.\n\n## Members of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary\n\nIf you\u2019re a member of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary, apply for the armed forces veterans badge.\n\n## Apply for a UK merchant navy medal\n\nYou can apply for a UK merchant navy medal if you were a member of the merchant navy and you:\n\n- served in a vessel used to support the UK armed forces\n\n- meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for\n\n## How to apply\n\nComplete the application form and send it to the address on the form. You\u2019ll also need to send your seaman\u2019s discharge book.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal\n\nYou can apply for someone else if either:\n\n- they\u2019ve died\n\n- you have lasting power of attorney\n\nYou must include a copy of the death certificate or your lasting power of attorney.\n\nIf the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules are:\n\n- the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision within 30 working days of your application being received.\n\n## Get help\n\nEmail seafarers_registry@mcga.gov.uk if you need help with your application.\n\n## Replace a lost or stolen medal\n\nYou\u2019ll need to complete the application form if your medal is lost or has been stolen.\n\n## If you want to appeal or complain\n\nYou can write to or email the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office if you want to:\n\n- appeal a decision\n\n- complain about how you\u2019ve been treated\n\nYou should include any new evidence you have if you make an appeal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My late husband served in the Brtitish Army since 1990. He died 2004 after a bomb was thrown to his bunker during a war in iraq.", + "original_question": "Can i apply for a veterans badge?" + }, + { + "id": "train-402", + "question": "Scenario: My Grandfather served in the British Army and would like to apply for a Veteran\u2019s badge.He lives alone and is disabled.\n\nQuestion: Can he apply via email?\n\nDocument - Apply for a veterans badge or a medal:\n## Apply for a veterans badge\n\nYou can get an armed forces veterans badge if you\u2019ve served in any of the UK armed forces - there\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you were in the:\n\n- army\n\n- Royal Navy\n\n- Royal Marines\n\n- Royal Air Force (RAF)\n\n- volunteer or regular reserves\n\nYou cannot apply if you:\n\n- served in the armed forces of another country\n\n- served alongside the UK armed forces, for example in the Canadian Navy or Royal Australian Air Force\n\n## If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died\n\nYou can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get either:\n\n- a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension\n\n- compensation under the Survivors Guaranteed Income Payment (SGIP)\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application for an armed forces veterans badge.\n\nYou can also call the enquiries line to get a paper application form sent to you.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give as much information on the form as possible, such as:\n\n- the force you served in, for example the army or Royal Navy\n\n- service number\n\n- period of service\n\nPost the form to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.\n\nYou can also apply for a medal if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nIf you lose your badge, you can apply for a replacement.\n\n## Get help\n\nIf you need to contact MOD about your veterans badge application, you can phone, fax or send an email to dbs-modmo-vetsbadge@mod.gov.uk.\n\nYou cannot apply for a veterans badge by email.\n\n## Apply for a medal\n\nYou can apply for a medal if you served in the armed forces and are eligible.\n\nFind out the types of medal the Ministry of Defence (MOD) issues.\n\nYou can only apply for World War 1 medals if the original was returned.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you were awarded a medal for service in any of the following:\n\n- the army\n\n- the Royal Navy\n\n- the Royal Marines\n\n- the Royal Air Force (RAF)\n\n- the Home Guard\n\n- the reserve forces\n\nYou must meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal\n\nYou can apply on behalf of a veteran if you have lasting power of attorney.\n\nIf the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules for the official next of kin are:\n\n- the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has the first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the parent is entitled to apply\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse, child or parent, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the medal application form.\n\nApply through your unit if you\u2019re still serving in the armed forces.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone else, you must include a copy of either your lasting power of attorney or a death certificate.\n\nPost the form, along with any supporting documents, to the MOD Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your medal within 12 weeks of sending the application form.\n\nYou can apply for a replacement medal if the original\u2019s been stolen or accidentally destroyed, for example in a fire.\n\n## Get help\n\nIf you need to contact MOD about your medal application, email dbs-medals@mod.gov.uk.\n\n## Replace a badge or medal\n\nYou can get the first replacement veterans badge for free.\n\nYou may be able to get a replacement medal - it depends how it was lost. You\u2019ll have to pay for the replacement medal plus a fee.\n\n## Replace a veterans badge\n\nFollow the instructions for applying for a veterans badge - you can use the same form.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your replacement veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.\n\nYou do not have to pay a fee if it\u2019s the first veterans badge you\u2019re replacing.\n\n## Replace a medal\n\nYou can only get a replacement medal from the Ministry of Defence (MOD) if it was stolen or destroyed, for example in a fire or flood. The medal must have been awarded for service after World War 1.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show proof by providing a copy of either a:\n\n- police crime report\n\n- successful insurance claim listing the individual items\n\nYou can also buy replacement medals from a licensed medal dealer.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the medal application form to ask for a replacement medal. Post the form to the MOD Medal Office, along with:\n\n- a letter explaining how the medal was stolen or destroyed\n\n- a copy of the police report or insurance claim\n\nThe address is on the form.\n\nContact your unit\u2019s human resources (HR) department if you\u2019re currently serving in the armed forces.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the Medal Office - usually within 10 working days of when your application\u2019s received.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much the replacement will cost and how to pay if your application\u2019s successful. The cost depends on the type of medal. It includes an administration fee.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the replacement within 4 weeks from the Medal Office getting your payment.\n\n## Apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge\n\nYou can apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge if you:\n\n- were a Merchant Navy seafarer or fisherman\n\n- served in a vessel used to support the UK Armed Forces\n\n## If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died\n\nYou can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for a badge through the Merchant Navy Association.\n\n## Members of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary\n\nIf you\u2019re a member of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary, apply for the armed forces veterans badge.\n\n## Apply for a UK merchant navy medal\n\nYou can apply for a UK merchant navy medal if you were a member of the merchant navy and you:\n\n- served in a vessel used to support the UK armed forces\n\n- meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for\n\n## How to apply\n\nComplete the application form and send it to the address on the form. You\u2019ll also need to send your seaman\u2019s discharge book.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal\n\nYou can apply for someone else if either:\n\n- they\u2019ve died\n\n- you have lasting power of attorney\n\nYou must include a copy of the death certificate or your lasting power of attorney.\n\nIf the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules are:\n\n- the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision within 30 working days of your application being received.\n\n## Get help\n\nEmail seafarers_registry@mcga.gov.uk if you need help with your application.\n\n## Replace a lost or stolen medal\n\nYou\u2019ll need to complete the application form if your medal is lost or has been stolen.\n\n## If you want to appeal or complain\n\nYou can write to or email the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office if you want to:\n\n- appeal a decision\n\n- complain about how you\u2019ve been treated\n\nYou should include any new evidence you have if you make an appeal.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Grandfather served in the British Army and would like to apply for a Veteran\u2019s badge.He lives alone and is disabled.", + "original_question": "Can he apply via email?" + }, + { + "id": "train-406", + "question": "Scenario: My veterinarian prescribed a drug to my pet last year to kill fleas. However, it doesn't seem to have worked.\n\nQuestion: Can I report this?\n\nDocument - Report a suspected problem with an animal medicine or microchip:\n## Overview\n\nYou can report an unexpected reaction to an animal medicine or microchip to the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD). You can also report if an animal medicine has not worked.\n\nHow you report the reaction depends on whether:\n\n- an animal has reacted to animal medicine or to a microchip\n\n- a human has reacted to animal medicine\n\nVMD will use the information you provide to help make sure that animal medicines and microchips are used safely and effectively.\n\n## Report an animal's reaction to animal medicine\n\nYou can report when a medicine may not have worked, or could have made your animal unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for details of:\n\n- the medicine, including batch number and marketing authorisation number if known\n\n- the animal that was affected, for example the species, breed and age\n\n- when and how the medicine was first given to the animal\n\n- the symptoms\n\nSend your report\n\n## If you cannot report online\n\nDownload and fill in the form for reporting reactions in animals. Send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Report an animal's reaction to a microchip\n\nYou can report suspected incidents with animal microchips including:\n\n- a reaction to the chip being implanted, such as injury, infection or prolonged bleeding\n\n- if a chip\u2019s moved from where it was implanted or has come out\n\n- a chip that does not read properly\n\nYou\u2019ll need the microchip number to make a report.\n\nSend your report\n\nContact VMD if you cannot report the incident online.\n\n## Report a person's reaction to animal medicine\n\nYou can report a suspected reaction you or someone else has had to an animal medicine while using it on an animal, for example a skin allergy.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for details of:\n\n- the medicine, including the batch number and marketing authorisation number (if you know it)\n\n- the people affected - and how and when they came into contact with the medicine\n\n- the symptoms\n\nSend your report\n\n## If you cannot report online\n\nDownload and fill in the form for reporting reactions in humans. Send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Contact VMD\n\nContact the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) Pharmacovigilance Team if you have any questions about reporting reactions.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-veterinary-medicine-problem", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My veterinarian prescribed a drug to my pet last year to kill fleas. However, it doesn't seem to have worked.", + "original_question": "Can I report this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-407", + "question": "Scenario: I am moving to my newly built house but during my previous visit to the house I found lots of construction waste lying around. The contracted builder did not make a good waste disposal. I would like the construction wastes disposed correctly. I have searched online and got hold of a nearby waste carrier.\n\nQuestion: Can I look up if the waste carrier is qualified to dispose of waste?\n\nDocument - Dispose of business or commercial waste:\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must:\n\n- keep waste to a minimum by doing everything you reasonably can to prevent, reuse, recycle or recover waste (in that order) - get help to do this\n\n- sort and store waste safely and securely\n\n- complete a waste transfer note for each load of waste that leaves your premises\n\n- check if your waste carrier is registered to dispose of waste\n\n- not allow the waste carrier to dispose of your waste illegally (and report them to Crimestoppers if they do)\n\nYou have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re dealing with hazardous waste.\n\n## What counts as business waste\n\nAny waste that comes from a commercial activity is business waste. If you use part of your home to run your business then any waste from that part is business waste.\n\nBusiness waste also includes any waste that comes from:\n\n- construction\n\n- demolition\n\n- industry\n\n- agriculture\n\nCheck what you need to do in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## Disposing of your own waste\n\nYou must register as a waste carrier if you want to dispose of your own waste regularly. Apply to register in:\n\n- England\n\n- Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nDepending on what you\u2019re doing, you may also need to apply for a waste permit.\n\n## Moving waste between countries\n\nYou cannot move waste between countries for disposal, for example to send it to landfill. You can usually only import or export waste to recover it, such as using waste to produce energy.\n\nRead the guide on waste imports and exports.\n\n## Sorting and storing waste\n\nYou must store waste safely and securely. To do this:\n\n- store waste in a secure place\n\n- use suitable containers that will stop waste escaping\n\n- label containers clearly with the type of waste they contain\n\n- use covers to stop waste blowing away\n\n- use waterproof covers if rain could cause contaminated run-off or prevent the waste from being reused\n\nYou have extra responsibilities if you\u2019re storing hazardous waste.\n\nStore different types of waste separately, so that:\n\n- they do not contaminate each other\n\n- they can be reused more easily\n\n- you can complete the waste transfer note correctly\n\n## Waste transfer notes\n\nFor each load of non-hazardous waste you move off your premises, you need a waste transfer note or a document with the same information, such as an invoice.\n\nRegister online to:\n\n- fill in a waste transfer note for a single load of waste\n\n- create a season ticket for a series of loads\n\nOr download a waste transfer note to fill in and sign on paper.\n\nYour business and the business taking your waste both need to:\n\n- Fill in the sections of the waste transfer note that apply to you.\n\n- Sign it.\n\n- Keep a copy for 2 years.\n\n- Show it to an enforcement officer from your local council or the Environment Agency if asked.\n\nYou must include enough information to help the business taking your waste to handle and dispose of it safely.\n\n## Contacts\n\nContact the organisation in your region if you have any questions about business and commercial waste.\n\n## England\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\n## Northern Ireland", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/managing-your-waste-an-overview", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am moving to my newly built house but during my previous visit to the house I found lots of construction waste lying around. The contracted builder did not make a good waste disposal. I would like the construction wastes disposed correctly. I have searched online and got hold of a nearby waste carrier.", + "original_question": "Can I look up if the waste carrier is qualified to dispose of waste?" + }, + { + "id": "train-409", + "question": "Scenario: After surviving a covid pandemic , i have secured my dream job as a Chef de Partie in a Cruise ship.Being very a very motivated professional with excellent food knowledge.\n\nQuestion: Can I get exempt from a certificate of competency?\n\nDocument - Hiring crew for ships and yachts:\n## Overview\n\nWhen you\u2019re hiring crew for a ship or yacht, you must:\n\n- check crew members\u2019 discharge books to make sure they have the qualifications and certificates of competency for their jobs\n\n- check that all crew members have the necessary medical certificates for the work they\u2019ll be doing\n\n- make sure everyone has the necessary travel documents\n\n- check that all crew can speak the ship\u2019s common working language\n\n- draw up a crew agreement\n\n- send a full crew list to the owner of the ship or yacht\n\nYou must make sure all crew members know the ship\u2019s safety and emergency procedures before the start of your journey.\n\n## Checking crew qualifications\n\nYou must check crew members\u2019 discharge books to make sure everyone has the necessary qualifications and experience.\n\nCrew members doing specialist jobs or working on particular types of craft may need special training.\n\n## Officers\n\nOfficers in your crew must have the necessary certificates of competency (CoCs).\n\nCheck that officers\u2019 CoCs are valid on the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) website.\n\nOfficers may need special training if working on tankers, high-speed craft or passenger ships.\n\n## Merchant navy ratings\n\nMake sure that all crew have the correct rating for the work they\u2019ll be doing. Watch ratings need a CoC if they\u2019re performing navigation or engine room duties.\n\n## Crew on large yachts (24 metres long or over)\n\nYou must make sure your crew have a MCA Yacht Rating Certificate or other MCA recognised qualification, for example:\n\n- an able seaman (AB) certificate issued under the International Labour Organisation (ILO) AB Convention\n\n- a UK efficient deck hand (EDH) certificate\n\n- a navigational or engine room watch rating certificate issued under Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW)\n\n## Certificates of competency\n\nYou must follow international regulations from Standards in Training Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) if you have a commercial vessel going to sea.\n\nSome crew members need a certificate of competency (CoC) or certificate of equivalent competency (CEC) to carry out certain duties.\n\nFor seafarers\u2019 CoCs to remain valid on certain types of ship they\u2019ll need to meet new training standards in line with STCW regulations (\u20182010 Manila Amendments\u2019).\n\n## Deck officers\n\nMasters and other deck department officers need a CoC if they\u2019re performing:\n\n- bridge watch-keeping duties\n\n- navigational duties\n\nCoCs for deck officers are restricted depending on:\n\n- the size of the ship or yacht\n\n- the area of sea where it will operate\n\nDownload an application for a CoC for:\n\n- masters, chief mates and deck officers in the merchant navy\n\n- masters, chief mates and deck officers on yachts\n\nYou can use a Certificate of Service instead, if you have one. These were issued until 1998.\n\n## Engineer officers\n\nEngineer officers on a ship or yacht with a power output of 750 kilowatts or more need a CoC. There are different CoCs for engineer officers, depending on:\n\n- the power output of the ship or yacht\n\n- the area of sea where it will be operating\n\nDownload an application for a CoC for:\n\n- a merchant navy engineering officer\n\n- a yacht engineering officer\n\n## Revalidating CoCs\n\nDeck and engineering officers must revalidate their certificate every 5 years. They do this by showing they\u2019ve completed either:\n\n- 12 months\u2019 sea service in the last 5 years\n\n- 3 months\u2019 sea service in the last 6 months\n\n- 2.5 years in a relevant job - contact the MCA for advice\n\nUse form MSF 4258 if someone you want to hire can\u2019t revalidate their CoC because they don\u2019t meet the requirements.\n\n## Watch ratings\n\nWatch ratings on merchant ships need a CoC if they\u2019re performing navigation or engine room duties.\n\n## Radio operators\n\nRadio operators need CoCs if they handle distress and safety radio-communications. All radio personnel serving on UK-registered ships must have either:\n\n- a Restricted Operator\u2019s Certificate (ROC)\n\n- a General Operator\u2019s Certificate (GOC)\n\n## Other crew\n\nShips\u2019 cooks and security officers may also need a CoC.\n\n## More information\n\nTo find out more about the certification structure and examination and training requirements, read:\n\n- MSN 1856 (M+F) for merchant navy deck officers\n\n- MSN 1857 (M+F) for merchant navy engineer officers\n\nContact the Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) to find out which members of your crew need a CoC.\n\n## Certificate of equivalent competency (CEC)\n\nA CEC allows officers holding Standards of Training Certification and Watchkeeping (STCW) certificates issued by some non-UK countries to work as officers on UK-registered merchant ships.\n\nTo get a CEC, your crew member must complete the CEC application form. As part of the application process they may be asked to prove their:\n\n- standards of competency\n\n- ability to use the English language (this may include an oral exam)\n\n- knowledge of UK law relating to their job\n\nRead more about CECs or download part 19 of the MCA\u2019s training and certification guidance for more information.\n\n## Crew agreements\n\nA crew agreement is an employment contract between a ship or yacht\u2019s owners and its crew.\n\nAll crew agreements must have:\n\n- a cover with details of the ship and its owners\n\n- an up-to-date crew list with names, dates of birth and addresses\n\n- a list of anyone on board who is under 18 or exempt from a crew agreement\n\n- contractual clauses for each crew member\n\nA crew agreement can last up to 12 months. After this period, a new agreement must be drawn up.\n\n## What goes in a contractual clause\n\nClauses must include:\n\n- the name of the crew member\n\n- a description of the journey(s) that the agreement relates to\n\n- the crew member\u2019s job description\n\n- details of their pay, hours and leave\n\n- details of required notice and how the crew agreement can be terminated\n\nThe Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) gives guidance on drawing up crew agreements for merchant ships and yachts:\n\n- download MGN 148 \u2018Approval of crew agreements: merchant ships\n\n- download MGN 149 \u2018Approval of crew agreements: yachts\n\nContact MCA for advice on drawing up a crew agreement.\n\n## What to do once you\u2019ve drawn up a crew agreement\n\n- Get every crew member to sign the agreement when they join the ship and at the end of the journey.\n\n- File the agreement with the shipping registry in the ship\u2019s \u2018flag state\u2019 (the country where it\u2019s registered).\n\n- Display a copy on board the vessel.\n\n- Send a copy (with the official log book, if a merchant ship) to a superintendent or proper officer within 3 days of its expiry.\n\n## Who signs a crew agreement\n\nMost of the people on board a ship or yacht must sign the crew agreement. However, certain personnel will have separate employment contracts and won\u2019t have to sign, like:\n\n- captains\n\n- bodyguards\n\n- nannies\n\n- entertainment staff\n\n## Travel documents\n\nAll crew members must have either:\n\n- a valid passport\n\n- a Seafarers Identity Document (SID) containing a photograph, signature (or fingerprints) and a description of the holder, including their nationality\n\nThe standard seafarer\u2019s identity document for British citizens is the British seaman\u2019s card.\n\n## Crew lists\n\nThe master or skipper of a UK-registered ship must provide the ship\u2019s owner with a copy of an up-to-date crew list at the start of each journey. They must also tell the owner if there are any changes of crew during the journey.\n\nIf a ship is lost at sea, the crew list will be used to find out who is missing. The ship\u2019s owner should hand the crew list in to a local Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) Marine Office or post it to:", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hiring-crew", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "After surviving a covid pandemic , i have secured my dream job as a Chef de Partie in a Cruise ship.Being very a very motivated professional with excellent food knowledge.", + "original_question": "Can I get exempt from a certificate of competency?" + }, + { + "id": "train-411", + "question": "Scenario: My church owns a small charity shop which is UK VAT registered. We donate clothes and shoes to less privileged children in Africa. Last month we shipped bales of clothes and shoes and incured alot of expenses\n\nQuestion: Can our charity claim VAT out of these supplies costs?\n\nDocument - VAT for charities:\n## Overview\n\nAs a charity you do not pay VAT when you buy some goods and services.\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) do not qualify for the same VAT reliefs as charities.\n\n## How to get VAT relief\n\nYou must prove to the person who\u2019s selling the goods or services to you that you\u2019re eligible for relief. You do not need to be registered for VAT.\n\n## When you must register for VAT\n\nYou must register for VAT if your charity\u2019s VAT taxable turnover (the total value of everything you sell that isn\u2019t exempt from VAT) is more than \u00a385,000.\n\nYou can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example if you want to reclaim VAT on your supplies.\n\n## Get help with VAT\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have questions about VAT for your charity.\n\n## What qualifies for VAT relief\n\nCharities pay VAT on all standard-rated goods and services they buy from VAT-registered businesses. They pay VAT at a reduced rate (5%) or the \u2018zero rate\u2019 on some goods and services.\n\n## What qualifies for the reduced rate\n\nYour charity pays 5% VAT on fuel and power if they\u2019re for:\n\n- residential accommodation (for example, a children\u2019s home or care home for the elderly)\n\n- charitable non-business activities (for example, free daycare for disabled people)\n\n- small-scale use (up to 1,000 kilowatt hours of electricity a month or a delivery of 2,300 litres of gas oil)\n\nIf less than 60% of the fuel and power is for something that qualifies, you\u2019ll pay the reduced rate of VAT on the qualifying part and the standard rate (20%) on the rest.\n\nQualifying fuel and power includes gases, electricity, oils and solid fuels (such as coal). It does not include vehicle fuel.\n\n## What qualifies for the zero rate\n\nFind out about the conditions you must meet so that your charity pays no VAT (the zero rate) when you buy:\n\n- advertising and items for collecting donations\n\n- aids for disabled people\n\n- construction services\n\n- drugs and chemicals\n\n- equipment for making \u2018talking\u2019 books and newspapers\n\n- lifeboats and associated equipment, including fuel\n\n- medicine or ingredients for medicine\n\n- resuscitation training models\n\n- medical, veterinary and scientific equipment\n\n- ambulances\n\n- goods for disabled people\n\n- motor vehicles designed or adapted for a disability\n\n- rescue equipment\n\n## VAT-free goods from outside the UK\n\nCharities do not pay VAT on goods imported from outside the UK as long as they\u2019re benefiting people in need by providing:\n\n- basic necessities\n\n- equipment and office materials to help run your organisation for the benefit of people in need\n\n- goods to be used or sold at charity events\n\nYou can check which goods you can claim VAT relief for, as well as how to claim.\n\n## How to claim VAT relief\n\nTo get VAT relief you must give your supplier:\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re a charity\n\n- a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming that you\u2019re eligible for the relief\n\n## Evidence of charitable status\n\nThis can be either your:\n\n- Charity Commission registration number\n\n- letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\nScottish and Northern Irish charities must provide their letter of recognition from HMRC.\n\n## Written declaration\n\nYou must give your supplier an eligibility declaration or certificate when they sell you goods or services at zero rate VAT. There are examples of declarations and certificates for different goods.\n\nIf you\u2019re buying building or construction services at zero VAT, the certificate must follow a set format.\n\nThe written declaration or certificate should be separate from the order form or invoice for the goods or services your charity is buying.\n\n## Charities and VAT registration\n\nAs a charity, you must register for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.\n\nYou can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on your supplies.\n\nIf you\u2019re registered for VAT you must send a return every 3 months.\n\n## Work out your taxable turnover\n\nTo work out your VAT taxable turnover add up the total value of everything you sell in a 12-month period that is not:\n\n- exempt from VAT\n\n- outside the scope of VAT\n\nCheck what VAT rate applies to your charity\u2019s activities.\n\n## Exempt from VAT\n\nYou cannot charge VAT on exempt goods and services (such as the provision of welfare services). You cannot normally reclaim VAT on any goods and services purchased in relation to an exempt business activity.\n\nYou cannot register for VAT if all your business activities are exempt from VAT.\n\n## Outside the scope of VAT\n\nIncome from non-business activities is \u2018outside the scope\u2019 of VAT (you cannot charge or reclaim VAT on them). This includes:\n\n- donations where nothing is given in return\n\n- grant funding given to support your charitable activities where nothing is given in return\n\n- activities where your organisation does not make a charge\n\nRead more about what counts as a business activity.\n\n## Charging VAT\n\nOnce you\u2019ve registered you must charge VAT at the correct rate on everything you supply.\n\n## Reclaiming VAT\n\nIf you\u2019re registered you may be able to reclaim VAT when you file your VAT Return.\n\nYou can reclaim the VAT you were charged on goods and services relating to your taxable business activities.\n\n## Exports outside the UK\n\nIf you supply goods outside the UK free of charge (for example as aid), you can treat this as a zero-rate business activity (0% VAT) so you can reclaim the VAT on any associated costs.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-charities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My church owns a small charity shop which is UK VAT registered. We donate clothes and shoes to less privileged children in Africa. Last month we shipped bales of clothes and shoes and incured alot of expenses", + "original_question": "Can our charity claim VAT out of these supplies costs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-412", + "question": "Scenario: My Aunt is a breast cancer survivor and has been running a charity shop to aid in breast awareness funds.Her turnovers the last 3 years has reached \u00a380000 per year but she has realised a turnover drop this year to \u00a370000 and she is not hopeful of a future increase.\n\nQuestion: Does she need to apply for voluntary VAT registration?\n\nDocument - VAT for charities:\n## Overview\n\nAs a charity you do not pay VAT when you buy some goods and services.\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) do not qualify for the same VAT reliefs as charities.\n\n## How to get VAT relief\n\nYou must prove to the person who\u2019s selling the goods or services to you that you\u2019re eligible for relief. You do not need to be registered for VAT.\n\n## When you must register for VAT\n\nYou must register for VAT if your charity\u2019s VAT taxable turnover (the total value of everything you sell that isn\u2019t exempt from VAT) is more than \u00a385,000.\n\nYou can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example if you want to reclaim VAT on your supplies.\n\n## Get help with VAT\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have questions about VAT for your charity.\n\n## What qualifies for VAT relief\n\nCharities pay VAT on all standard-rated goods and services they buy from VAT-registered businesses. They pay VAT at a reduced rate (5%) or the \u2018zero rate\u2019 on some goods and services.\n\n## What qualifies for the reduced rate\n\nYour charity pays 5% VAT on fuel and power if they\u2019re for:\n\n- residential accommodation (for example, a children\u2019s home or care home for the elderly)\n\n- charitable non-business activities (for example, free daycare for disabled people)\n\n- small-scale use (up to 1,000 kilowatt hours of electricity a month or a delivery of 2,300 litres of gas oil)\n\nIf less than 60% of the fuel and power is for something that qualifies, you\u2019ll pay the reduced rate of VAT on the qualifying part and the standard rate (20%) on the rest.\n\nQualifying fuel and power includes gases, electricity, oils and solid fuels (such as coal). It does not include vehicle fuel.\n\n## What qualifies for the zero rate\n\nFind out about the conditions you must meet so that your charity pays no VAT (the zero rate) when you buy:\n\n- advertising and items for collecting donations\n\n- aids for disabled people\n\n- construction services\n\n- drugs and chemicals\n\n- equipment for making \u2018talking\u2019 books and newspapers\n\n- lifeboats and associated equipment, including fuel\n\n- medicine or ingredients for medicine\n\n- resuscitation training models\n\n- medical, veterinary and scientific equipment\n\n- ambulances\n\n- goods for disabled people\n\n- motor vehicles designed or adapted for a disability\n\n- rescue equipment\n\n## VAT-free goods from outside the UK\n\nCharities do not pay VAT on goods imported from outside the UK as long as they\u2019re benefiting people in need by providing:\n\n- basic necessities\n\n- equipment and office materials to help run your organisation for the benefit of people in need\n\n- goods to be used or sold at charity events\n\nYou can check which goods you can claim VAT relief for, as well as how to claim.\n\n## How to claim VAT relief\n\nTo get VAT relief you must give your supplier:\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re a charity\n\n- a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming that you\u2019re eligible for the relief\n\n## Evidence of charitable status\n\nThis can be either your:\n\n- Charity Commission registration number\n\n- letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\nScottish and Northern Irish charities must provide their letter of recognition from HMRC.\n\n## Written declaration\n\nYou must give your supplier an eligibility declaration or certificate when they sell you goods or services at zero rate VAT. There are examples of declarations and certificates for different goods.\n\nIf you\u2019re buying building or construction services at zero VAT, the certificate must follow a set format.\n\nThe written declaration or certificate should be separate from the order form or invoice for the goods or services your charity is buying.\n\n## Charities and VAT registration\n\nAs a charity, you must register for VAT with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000.\n\nYou can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on your supplies.\n\nIf you\u2019re registered for VAT you must send a return every 3 months.\n\n## Work out your taxable turnover\n\nTo work out your VAT taxable turnover add up the total value of everything you sell in a 12-month period that is not:\n\n- exempt from VAT\n\n- outside the scope of VAT\n\nCheck what VAT rate applies to your charity\u2019s activities.\n\n## Exempt from VAT\n\nYou cannot charge VAT on exempt goods and services (such as the provision of welfare services). You cannot normally reclaim VAT on any goods and services purchased in relation to an exempt business activity.\n\nYou cannot register for VAT if all your business activities are exempt from VAT.\n\n## Outside the scope of VAT\n\nIncome from non-business activities is \u2018outside the scope\u2019 of VAT (you cannot charge or reclaim VAT on them). This includes:\n\n- donations where nothing is given in return\n\n- grant funding given to support your charitable activities where nothing is given in return\n\n- activities where your organisation does not make a charge\n\nRead more about what counts as a business activity.\n\n## Charging VAT\n\nOnce you\u2019ve registered you must charge VAT at the correct rate on everything you supply.\n\n## Reclaiming VAT\n\nIf you\u2019re registered you may be able to reclaim VAT when you file your VAT Return.\n\nYou can reclaim the VAT you were charged on goods and services relating to your taxable business activities.\n\n## Exports outside the UK\n\nIf you supply goods outside the UK free of charge (for example as aid), you can treat this as a zero-rate business activity (0% VAT) so you can reclaim the VAT on any associated costs.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-charities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Aunt is a breast cancer survivor and has been running a charity shop to aid in breast awareness funds.Her turnovers the last 3 years has reached \u00a380000 per year but she has realised a turnover drop this year to \u00a370000 and she is not hopeful of a future increase.", + "original_question": "Does she need to apply for voluntary VAT registration?" + }, + { + "id": "train-413", + "question": "Scenario: My grandfather is a homeowner and his heating system needed replacement.His finances were low during covid pandemic and applied for home improvement voucher to get it fixed.He was given a grant worthy \u00a35000\n\nQuestion: Will he make the repayment all at once?\n\nDocument - Green Deal: energy saving for your home:\n## Overview\n\nThe Green Deal helps you make energy-saving improvements to your home and to find the best way to pay for them.\n\nThe improvements that could save you the most energy depend on your home, but typical examples include:\n\n- insulation, such as solid wall, cavity wall or loft insulation\n\n- heating\n\n- draught-proofing\n\n- double glazing\n\n- renewable energy generation, such as solar panels or heat pumps\n\n## If you need help paying for home improvements\n\nYou may be able to get a loan through the Green Deal, but you\u2019ll have to pay this back.\n\n## Find out if your home will benefit\n\nThere are various ways to check if your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements:\n\n- use the Energy Efficiency Calculator to find out how you can reduce your energy bills\n\n- check which home energy grants you might be able to apply for\n\n- talk to a Green Deal assessor or provider\n\nThe Green Deal may be right for you if you think your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements.\n\nYou can also talk to Simple Energy Advice if you\u2019re in England or Wales, or Home Energy Scotland if you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nFind out about call charges\n\nThe Green Deal is not available in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Green Deal mark\n\nAll Green Deal organisations must be authorised. Look for the quality mark, which is a green house with a tick on the roof.\n\nYou can also check if a Green Deal company is genuine.\n\n## Improvements and benefits to your home\n\nAny household with an electricity meter (including prepayment meters) in England, Scotland or Wales can use the scheme.\n\nBoth the landlord and the tenant must agree to the improvements if the building is rented.\n\n## Eligible improvements\n\nYou can use the Green Deal for a range of different energy saving measures including:\n\n- replacing windows and doors\n\n- installing secondary glazing\n\n- using energy efficient lighting\n\n- insulating your loft or walls\n\n- adding draught proofing\n\n- upgrading your heating\n\n- generating renewable energy from sources such as wind or solar power\n\nBut only if your Green Deal assessment recommends them.\n\n## Get an assessment\n\nYou must get your property assessed to use the Green Deal. Contact a Green Deal assessor or ask a Green Deal provider to find an assessor for you.\n\nYou may have to pay for an assessment. The assessor must tell you the fee in advance.\n\n## What to expect from an assessment\n\nA Green Deal assessor will visit your home, talk to you about your property and your energy use and help you decide if you could benefit from Green Deal improvements.\n\n## When you book\n\nYou may be asked if:\n\n- you own or rent the property\n\n- your home is a listed building, in a conservation area, built before 1900 or constructed in a non-traditional way\n\n- there are access issues, such as access to your loft\n\n- you can provide bills showing your recent energy use\n\n## When the assessor visits\n\nYou may be asked:\n\n- how many people live in your home\n\n- what type of heating and appliances you use\n\n- how often you use your heating\n\n- what energy-saving measures are already installed\n\n## After the visit\n\nYou\u2019ll get a document, called a Green Deal advice report, that contains:\n\n- an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) that rates your home for energy efficiency\n\n- an occupancy assessment that measures how much energy you and other occupiers are using\n\n- improvements your assessor recommends\n\n- an estimate of the money you could save on your annual energy bills\n\n- a statement on whether the improvements will pay for themselves through reduced energy costs\n\nA Green Deal advice report is valid for 10 years, or until you make changes or energy saving improvements to the property, for example you build an extension or change the windows.\n\nThe actual savings will depend on how much energy you use and the future cost of energy.\n\n## What to do next\n\nYou decide:\n\n- if you want to get the work done\n\n- how you want to pay\n\n## Getting the work done\n\nHow you decide to get the work done will affect your options for how you pay for the work.\n\nAfter you get a Green Deal advice report, you can:\n\n- ask a Green Deal provider to arrange installation and pay for the work yourself\n\n- ask a Green Deal provider to arrange installation and a Green Deal finance plan to pay for the work\n\n- get your own installers to fit the improvements and pay for them yourself\n\n- pay for the work in more than one way, like using a Green Deal finance plan or money of your own\n\nSome companies provide all the services for a Green Deal package - assessment, finance and installation. You can choose to use a different company for each service.\n\n## Get a quote\n\nGive a provider or installer your Green Deal advice report.\n\nProviders will give you a quote and arrange the installers for you. Installers will quote to do the work themselves. A quote from a provider will include the repayment terms if you\u2019re paying with a finance plan.\n\nYou can get more than one quote and you can choose which improvements you want.\n\nYou can ask the provider or installer if you or your property qualify to combine the Green Deal with these other schemes:\n\n- Affordable Warmth Obligation - help from your energy company to improve your home if you\u2019re on certain benefits or a low income, or for certain hard-to-treat properties\n\n- Feed-in Tariffs - payments from your energy provider if you generate your own electricity (such as through solar panels or a wind turbine)\n\n- Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) - payments for generation and use of renewable energy to heat buildings\n\n- any scheme run by your Local Authority - contact your Local Authority for information\n\n## Agree the work\n\nPick the provider or installer you want to do the work.\n\nThe provider will write you a contract called a Green Deal finance plan if you choose to pay with Green Deal finance. The plan will contain:\n\n- an outline of the work that will be done\n\n- any financial help you can get from other schemes\n\n- the repayments and interest rate\n\n- information on other incentives you can access, such as Feed-in Tarrifs\n\n- information on warranties and guarantees\n\nYour Green Deal repayments will be automatically added to your electricity bill if you have chosen to take Green Deal finance.\n\n## Complaints\n\nYou can complain about your Green Deal.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay in advance, get a Green Deal finance plan, or use other schemes to fund the work. You can also combine ways to pay.\n\n## Getting a Green Deal finance plan\n\nFinance plans are offered by approved Green Deal providers.\n\nGive your Green Deal assessment to providers you want to get a quote from.\n\nYour provider will find an installer for you.\n\nYou can only get a finance plan for improvements recommended in your Green Deal assessment.\n\nEach provider must tell you:\n\n- how much you\u2019ll pay back\n\n- how long you\u2019ll pay for\n\n## What you can borrow and how much you\u2019ll pay\n\nYou can get finance for an amount based on what you\u2019ll be expected to save on your energy bills.\n\nThe annual repayments on the loan should not be more than the savings you might make on your energy bills.\n\nThere\u2019s no set interest rate. Your interest rate will be determined by the amount of your finance plan. Check with your provider for rates and fees.\n\nThe interest rate is fixed for the full term of the plan so your repayments will be fixed.\n\n## How you pay\n\nYou pay back the loan through a charge added to your electricity bill. If you have a prepayment meter, a small amount will be taken from the meter each day.\n\nThis is because the Green Deal stays with the property. If you move, you no longer benefit from the improvements and therefore stop paying for them.\n\nYou can pay off your Green Deal early, but you might be charged a fee - check with your provider.\n\n## Moving into a property with a Green Deal\n\nIf you move into a property with a Green Deal, the landlord or seller must show you a copy of the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC). This will explain what improvements have been made and how much you\u2019ll need to repay.\n\nThe person who pays the electricity bill pays the money back.\n\nYou can change electricity supplier if the new supplier is participating in the Green Deal.\n\n## Get more information\n\nContact the Green Deal provider if you have specific questions about the improvements, warranties or repayments.\n\nYou can get general information from Simple Energy Advice if you\u2019re in England or Wales, or Home Energy Scotland if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\nFind out about call charges", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My grandfather is a homeowner and his heating system needed replacement.His finances were low during covid pandemic and applied for home improvement voucher to get it fixed.He was given a grant worthy \u00a35000", + "original_question": "Will he make the repayment all at once?" + }, + { + "id": "train-414", + "question": "Scenario: My partner and i have decided to buy a property. Fortunately we have found a perfect house going at \u00a3520000.It has a green deal and the seller has informed has that it still has an outstanding amount to be paid . Before completing the property payment .\n\nQuestion: Will the seller to clear the green deal outstanding bill for us?\n\nDocument - Green Deal: energy saving for your home:\n## Overview\n\nThe Green Deal helps you make energy-saving improvements to your home and to find the best way to pay for them.\n\nThe improvements that could save you the most energy depend on your home, but typical examples include:\n\n- insulation, such as solid wall, cavity wall or loft insulation\n\n- heating\n\n- draught-proofing\n\n- double glazing\n\n- renewable energy generation, such as solar panels or heat pumps\n\n## If you need help paying for home improvements\n\nYou may be able to get a loan through the Green Deal, but you\u2019ll have to pay this back.\n\n## Find out if your home will benefit\n\nThere are various ways to check if your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements:\n\n- use the Energy Efficiency Calculator to find out how you can reduce your energy bills\n\n- check which home energy grants you might be able to apply for\n\n- talk to a Green Deal assessor or provider\n\nThe Green Deal may be right for you if you think your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements.\n\nYou can also talk to Simple Energy Advice if you\u2019re in England or Wales, or Home Energy Scotland if you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nFind out about call charges\n\nThe Green Deal is not available in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Green Deal mark\n\nAll Green Deal organisations must be authorised. Look for the quality mark, which is a green house with a tick on the roof.\n\nYou can also check if a Green Deal company is genuine.\n\n## Improvements and benefits to your home\n\nAny household with an electricity meter (including prepayment meters) in England, Scotland or Wales can use the scheme.\n\nBoth the landlord and the tenant must agree to the improvements if the building is rented.\n\n## Eligible improvements\n\nYou can use the Green Deal for a range of different energy saving measures including:\n\n- replacing windows and doors\n\n- installing secondary glazing\n\n- using energy efficient lighting\n\n- insulating your loft or walls\n\n- adding draught proofing\n\n- upgrading your heating\n\n- generating renewable energy from sources such as wind or solar power\n\nBut only if your Green Deal assessment recommends them.\n\n## Get an assessment\n\nYou must get your property assessed to use the Green Deal. Contact a Green Deal assessor or ask a Green Deal provider to find an assessor for you.\n\nYou may have to pay for an assessment. The assessor must tell you the fee in advance.\n\n## What to expect from an assessment\n\nA Green Deal assessor will visit your home, talk to you about your property and your energy use and help you decide if you could benefit from Green Deal improvements.\n\n## When you book\n\nYou may be asked if:\n\n- you own or rent the property\n\n- your home is a listed building, in a conservation area, built before 1900 or constructed in a non-traditional way\n\n- there are access issues, such as access to your loft\n\n- you can provide bills showing your recent energy use\n\n## When the assessor visits\n\nYou may be asked:\n\n- how many people live in your home\n\n- what type of heating and appliances you use\n\n- how often you use your heating\n\n- what energy-saving measures are already installed\n\n## After the visit\n\nYou\u2019ll get a document, called a Green Deal advice report, that contains:\n\n- an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) that rates your home for energy efficiency\n\n- an occupancy assessment that measures how much energy you and other occupiers are using\n\n- improvements your assessor recommends\n\n- an estimate of the money you could save on your annual energy bills\n\n- a statement on whether the improvements will pay for themselves through reduced energy costs\n\nA Green Deal advice report is valid for 10 years, or until you make changes or energy saving improvements to the property, for example you build an extension or change the windows.\n\nThe actual savings will depend on how much energy you use and the future cost of energy.\n\n## What to do next\n\nYou decide:\n\n- if you want to get the work done\n\n- how you want to pay\n\n## Getting the work done\n\nHow you decide to get the work done will affect your options for how you pay for the work.\n\nAfter you get a Green Deal advice report, you can:\n\n- ask a Green Deal provider to arrange installation and pay for the work yourself\n\n- ask a Green Deal provider to arrange installation and a Green Deal finance plan to pay for the work\n\n- get your own installers to fit the improvements and pay for them yourself\n\n- pay for the work in more than one way, like using a Green Deal finance plan or money of your own\n\nSome companies provide all the services for a Green Deal package - assessment, finance and installation. You can choose to use a different company for each service.\n\n## Get a quote\n\nGive a provider or installer your Green Deal advice report.\n\nProviders will give you a quote and arrange the installers for you. Installers will quote to do the work themselves. A quote from a provider will include the repayment terms if you\u2019re paying with a finance plan.\n\nYou can get more than one quote and you can choose which improvements you want.\n\nYou can ask the provider or installer if you or your property qualify to combine the Green Deal with these other schemes:\n\n- Affordable Warmth Obligation - help from your energy company to improve your home if you\u2019re on certain benefits or a low income, or for certain hard-to-treat properties\n\n- Feed-in Tariffs - payments from your energy provider if you generate your own electricity (such as through solar panels or a wind turbine)\n\n- Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) - payments for generation and use of renewable energy to heat buildings\n\n- any scheme run by your Local Authority - contact your Local Authority for information\n\n## Agree the work\n\nPick the provider or installer you want to do the work.\n\nThe provider will write you a contract called a Green Deal finance plan if you choose to pay with Green Deal finance. The plan will contain:\n\n- an outline of the work that will be done\n\n- any financial help you can get from other schemes\n\n- the repayments and interest rate\n\n- information on other incentives you can access, such as Feed-in Tarrifs\n\n- information on warranties and guarantees\n\nYour Green Deal repayments will be automatically added to your electricity bill if you have chosen to take Green Deal finance.\n\n## Complaints\n\nYou can complain about your Green Deal.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay in advance, get a Green Deal finance plan, or use other schemes to fund the work. You can also combine ways to pay.\n\n## Getting a Green Deal finance plan\n\nFinance plans are offered by approved Green Deal providers.\n\nGive your Green Deal assessment to providers you want to get a quote from.\n\nYour provider will find an installer for you.\n\nYou can only get a finance plan for improvements recommended in your Green Deal assessment.\n\nEach provider must tell you:\n\n- how much you\u2019ll pay back\n\n- how long you\u2019ll pay for\n\n## What you can borrow and how much you\u2019ll pay\n\nYou can get finance for an amount based on what you\u2019ll be expected to save on your energy bills.\n\nThe annual repayments on the loan should not be more than the savings you might make on your energy bills.\n\nThere\u2019s no set interest rate. Your interest rate will be determined by the amount of your finance plan. Check with your provider for rates and fees.\n\nThe interest rate is fixed for the full term of the plan so your repayments will be fixed.\n\n## How you pay\n\nYou pay back the loan through a charge added to your electricity bill. If you have a prepayment meter, a small amount will be taken from the meter each day.\n\nThis is because the Green Deal stays with the property. If you move, you no longer benefit from the improvements and therefore stop paying for them.\n\nYou can pay off your Green Deal early, but you might be charged a fee - check with your provider.\n\n## Moving into a property with a Green Deal\n\nIf you move into a property with a Green Deal, the landlord or seller must show you a copy of the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC). This will explain what improvements have been made and how much you\u2019ll need to repay.\n\nThe person who pays the electricity bill pays the money back.\n\nYou can change electricity supplier if the new supplier is participating in the Green Deal.\n\n## Get more information\n\nContact the Green Deal provider if you have specific questions about the improvements, warranties or repayments.\n\nYou can get general information from Simple Energy Advice if you\u2019re in England or Wales, or Home Energy Scotland if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\nFind out about call charges", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner and i have decided to buy a property. Fortunately we have found a perfect house going at \u00a3520000.It has a green deal and the seller has informed has that it still has an outstanding amount to be paid . Before completing the property payment .", + "original_question": "Will the seller to clear the green deal outstanding bill for us?" + }, + { + "id": "train-416", + "question": "Scenario: I have inherited two houses from my parents through a will.I am childless and no known relatives. I have decided to donate one house as a gift to a charity who have requested me to sell it on their behalf.\n\nQuestion: Will i be able to claim tax relief of this donation if I lost records of the gift?\n\nDocument - Tax relief when you donate to a charity:\n## Overview\n\nDonations by individuals to charity or to community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) are tax free. This is called tax relief.\n\nThe tax goes to you or the charity. How this works depends on whether you donate:\n\n- through Gift Aid\n\n- straight from your wages or pension through a Payroll Giving scheme\n\n- land, property or shares\n\n- in your will\n\nThis also applies to sole traders and partnerships. There are different rules for limited companies.\n\nIf you want to donate to a sports club, check if it\u2019s registered as a community amateur sports club (CASC). You cannot donate to a CASC through Payroll Giving.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep a record of your donations if you want to take them off your total taxable income.\n\n## Gift Aid\n\nDonating through Gift Aid means charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) can claim an extra 25p for every \u00a31 you give. It will not cost you any extra.\n\nCharities can claim Gift Aid on most donations, but some payments do not qualify.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou need to make a Gift Aid declaration for the charity to claim. You usually do this by filling in a form - contact the charity if you have not got one.\n\nYou must give a declaration to each charity you want to donate to through Gift Aid.\n\nYou can include all donations from the last 4 years. Tell the charity about any tax years where you did not pay enough tax.\n\n## Paying enough tax to qualify for Gift Aid\n\nYour donations will qualify as long as they\u2019re not more than 4 times what you have paid in tax in that tax year (6 April to 5 April).\n\nThe tax could have been paid on income or capital gains.\n\nYou must tell the charities you support if you stop paying enough tax.\n\n## Higher rate taxpayers\n\nIf you pay tax above the basic rate, you can claim the difference between the rate you pay and basic rate on your donation. It\u2019s the same if you live in Scotland. Do this either:\n\n- through your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- by asking HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to amend your tax code\n\nWith Payroll Giving, you do not pay the difference between the higher and basic rate of tax on your donation.\n\n## Getting tax relief sooner\n\nIn your Self Assessment tax return, you normally only report things from the previous tax year.\n\nBut for Gift Aid, you can also claim tax relief on donations you make in the current tax year (up to the date you send your return) if you either:\n\n- want tax relief sooner\n\n- will not pay higher rate tax in current year, but you did in the previous year\n\nYou cannot do this if:\n\n- you miss the deadline\n (31 January if you file online)\n\n- your donations do not qualify for Gift Aid - your donations from both tax years together must not be more than 4 times what you paid in tax in the previous year\n\nIf you do not have to send a tax return, contact HMRC and ask for a P810 form. You\u2019ll need to submit it by 31 January after the end of the previous tax year.\n\n## Donating straight from your wages or pension\n\nIf your employer, company or personal pension provider runs a Payroll Giving scheme, you can donate straight from your wages or pension. This happens before tax is deducted from your income.\n\nAsk your employer or pension provider if they run a Payroll Giving scheme.\n\nYou cannot donate to a community amateur sports club (CASC) through Payroll Giving.\n\nThe tax relief you get depends on the rate of tax you pay. To donate \u00a31, you pay:\n\n- 80p if you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer\n\n- 60p if you\u2019re a higher rate taxpayer\n\n- 55p if you\u2019re an additional rate taxpayer\n\nThe tax relief you get is different if you live in Scotland. To donate \u00a31, you pay:\n\n- 81p if you\u2019re a starter rate taxpayer\n\n- 80p if you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer\n\n- 79p if you\u2019re a intermediate rate taxpayer\n\n- 59p if you\u2019re a higher rate taxpayer\n\n- 54p if you\u2019re a top rate taxpayer\n\n## Donating land, property or shares\n\nYou do not have to pay tax on land, property or shares you donate to charity. This includes selling them for less than their market value.\n\nYou get tax relief on both:\n\n- Income Tax\n\n- Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou cannot get Income Tax relief on donations to community amateur sports clubs (CASCs).\n\nYou must keep records of the donation to show that you\u2019ve made the gift or sale and that the charity has accepted it.\n\n## Income Tax relief\n\nYou can pay less Income Tax by deducting the value of your donation from your total taxable income. Do this for the tax year (6 April to 5 April) in which you made the gift or sale to charity.\n\n## How to claim\n\nIf you complete a Self Assessment tax return, add the amount you\u2019re claiming in the \u2018Charitable giving\u2019 section of the form. This will reduce your Self Assessment bill.\n\nIf you do not complete a tax return, write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) with details of the gift or sale and your tax relief amount. You\u2019ll either get a refund, or your tax code will be changed so you pay less Income Tax for that tax year.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax relief\n\nYou do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on land, property or shares you give to charity.\n\nYou may have to pay if you sell them for more than they cost you but less than their market value. Work out your gain using the amount the charity actually pays you, rather than the value of the asset.\n\n## Selling land, property or shares on behalf of a charity\n\nWhen you offer a gift of land, property or shares, the charity may ask you to sell the gift on its behalf.\n\nYou can do this and still claim tax relief for the donation, but you must keep records of the gift and the charity\u2019s request. Without them, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\n## Leaving gifts to charity in your will\n\nYour will says what will happen to your money, property and possessions after you die.\n\nYour donation will either:\n\n- be taken off the value of your estate before Inheritance Tax is calculated\n\n- reduce your Inheritance Tax rate, if 10% or more of your estate is left to charity\n\nYou can donate:\n\n- a fixed amount\n\n- an item\n\n- what\u2019s left after other gifts have been given out\n\n## Writing your will\n\nFind out how to write or update your will, including how to make sure it\u2019s legal.\n\nInclude the charity\u2019s full name - check with them or search the charity register in England and Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou need to keep records of donations if you want to claim tax back on them.\n\n## Gift Aid donations\n\nKeep records if you:\n\n- pay higher rate tax\n\n- claim tax credits\n\n- get a higher Personal Allowance because of your age\n\n- get Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming tax back through your Self Assessment tax return or by asking HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) to amend your tax code keep records showing the date, the amount and which charities you\u2019ve donated to.\n\n## Land, buildings and shares\n\nFor donations of land, property or shares you need to keep:\n\n- legal documents showing the sale or transfer to charity\n\n- any documents from a charity asking you to sell land or shares on its behalf\n\nYou normally have to keep your records for at least 22 months from the end of the tax year they\u2019re for.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/donating-to-charity", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have inherited two houses from my parents through a will.I am childless and no known relatives. I have decided to donate one house as a gift to a charity who have requested me to sell it on their behalf.", + "original_question": "Will i be able to claim tax relief of this donation if I lost records of the gift?" + }, + { + "id": "train-417", + "question": "Scenario: My Aunt is a widow and recieves widows benefits. Due to her work efficiency her UK employer has requested her to go and work in their other office in France for the next 2 years. She has a 2 children who are on childtax credit.\n\nQuestion: Will her tax credits and childtax credits be affected if she moves to france?\n\nDocument - Tax credits if you leave or move to the UK:\n## Your family lives abroad\n\nIf your partner is outside the UK and you do not have children, check the Working Tax Credit guidance for information on whether you can continue to claim.\n\n## You have a child who lives abroad\n\nIf you already get Working Tax Credit and want to add Child Tax Credit to your claim, check if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nIf you already get Child Tax Credit, you may be able to make a claim for an additional child if:\n\n- you are working in the UK\n\n- the child is living in the EEA or Switzerland\n\n- you are supporting the child\n\nYou must also be one of the following:\n\n- an EEA or Swiss citizen who has settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- an EEA or Swiss citizen who had a right to reside in the UK on 31 December 2020\n\n- a family member of an EEA or Swiss citizen (who has settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or had a right to reside in the UK on 31 December 2020) and you are residing in the UK\n\n- a person with dual nationality, one of which is nationality of an EEA country or Switzerland\n\n- covered by any of the other conditions in the Withdrawal Agreement with the EEA and Switzerland\n\nYou usually cannot claim for a child who lives outside the EEA or Switzerland. There\u2019s an exception if your partner is a Crown servant posted abroad.\n\nYou must let HMRC know within a month if your partner or child join you in the UK. This is because your tax credits payments may change.\n\n## Your partner gets benefits in an EEA country or Switzerland\n\nIf you\u2019ve got children and your partner gets benefits paid by an EEA country or Switzerland, this may affect your tax credits. You must tell HMRC if you or your partner are paid benefits by an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\nSome benefits are counted as income, for example benefits paid because of unemployment.\n\n## Going abroad\n\nYour tax credits will stop if you expect to be away for one year or more.\n\nYou may still qualify for tax credits if you go abroad for a short period, for example on holiday or for medical treatment.\n\n| Reason for leaving | How long you can get tax credits for |\n\n| Medical treatment for yourself, your partner or your child | Up to 12 weeks |\n\n| Death of your partner, a child or close relative of either you or your partner | Up to 12 weeks |\n\n| Any other reason, for example holidays or business | Up to 8 weeks |\n\nIf your trip is going to last longer than 8 or 12 weeks, contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within a month. Your tax credits will end unless:\n\n- you get UK benefits or State Pension and you live in another European country with a child\n\n- you work and pay National Insurance contributions in the UK, but your family lives in another European country\n\n## You live outside the UK\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if you\u2019re a Crown servant posted overseas or you live abroad with your child and get UK benefits or the State Pension.\n\n## You\u2019re a Crown servant posted overseas\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits, just as if you were living in the UK. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will treat you as being in the UK if any of the following applies:\n\n- you are, or were just before you were posted abroad, \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve had a series of postings abroad, with no breaks in between - and you are or were \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019 in the UK immediately before the first of those postings\n\n- you were in the UK just before you were posted abroad and the reason you were in the UK was connected to your posting - this can apply to a single posting or to a series of postings\n\n## Ordinarily resident\n\nOrdinarily resident means you normally live in the UK, and plan to stay here for the time being. When HMRC decides if you\u2019re ordinarily resident in the UK they\u2019ll look at things like:\n\n- where your settled home is\n\n- where your close family live\n\n- why you came to the UK\n\n- if you plan to leave the UK permanently in the next 2 or 3 years\n\n## Your partner\u2019s a Crown servant posted overseas\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if your partner\u2019s a Crown servant posted outside the UK and you:\n\n- live with your partner while they work abroad\n\n- live in the UK while your partner works abroad\n\nYou do not need to be ordinarily resident in the UK during the time you\u2019re with your Crown servant partner overseas.\n\n## You have a child - and get UK benefits or State Pension\n\nIf none of the sections above apply to you, you may continue to get Child Tax Credit (or add it to an existing Working Tax Credit claim) if you and your child live in a European Union (EU) member state and you get State Pension or one of the following benefits:\n\n- Incapacity Benefit\n\n- State Pension\n\n- Widow\u2019s Benefit\n\n- Bereavement Benefit\n\n- Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit\n\n- contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Severe Disablement Allowance\n\nYou will not be able to get Child Tax Credit if you do not live in an EU member state, unless you (or your partner) are a Crown servant posted abroad.\n\n## Moving to the UK\n\nYou must have been living in the UK for 3 months before you were eligible to claim Child Tax Credit if you moved to the UK on or after 1 July 2014 and do not have a job. This does not apply if you:\n\n- are a family member of someone who works or is self-employed\n\n- are a refugee\n\n- have been granted discretionary leave to enter or stay in the UK and you can get benefits\n\n- have been given leave to stay as a displaced person and you can get benefits\n\n- have been given to leave to stay and have applied for settlement as a victim of domestic violence\n\n- have been granted humanitarian protection\n\n- were made redundant in the UK (or your family member was) and you\u2019re looking for a job or in training\n\n- were working in the UK before but temporarily cannot work because of your health or an accident\n\n- have been abroad for less than a year but usually live in the UK and were claiming Child Tax Credits before moving\n\n- have been abroad for less than a year but usually live in the UK and were in the UK for at least 3 months before moving\n\n- paid Class 1 or Class 2 National Insurance contributions while you were working abroad, and paid these in the 3 month period before returning to the UK\n\n## Cross-border workers\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if you regularly travel from:\n\n- another country to work in the UK\n\n- the UK to work in another country\n\n## Working Tax Credit\n\nYou may continue to get Working Tax Credit if you live in:\n\n- an EEA country (including Switzerland) and work in the UK\n\n- the UK and work in an EEA country (including Switzerland)\n\n## Child Tax Credit\n\nYou and your partner - if you have one - may continue to get Child Tax Credit for your children if:\n\n- you work in the UK\n\n- you pay National Insurance as a worker here\n\n- your child lives in an EEA country or in Switzerland\n\n- your child is living with your partner or someone else and they depend on you to support them\n\nYou usually cannot claim for a child who lives outside the EEA or Switzerland. There\u2019s an exception if your partner is a Crown servant posted abroad.\n\n## Childcare costs\n\nYou can usually claim help for your childcare costs through the childcare element of Working Tax Credit.\n\nTo qualify your children must either:\n\n- be in registered or approved childcare in the UK\n\n- be in childcare approved by a Ministry of Defence accreditation scheme abroad - if you\u2019re a Crown servant posted abroad\n\n## Immigration control\n\nYou usually cannot get tax credits if you\u2019re \u2018subject to immigration control\u2019, although there are some exceptions. You\u2019ll still need to meet the other qualifying rules, for example work the right number of hours.\n\nWhen you arrived in the UK your passport may have been stamped. The stamp shows the conditions of your stay in the UK, for example \u2018no recourse to public funds\u2019. Public funds include tax credits and most benefits.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if:\n\n- your partner lives in the UK and is not subject to immigration control\n\n- one of the examples below applies to you or your partner\n\n## You have permission to stay in the UK because someone else supports you\n\nYou may continue to get tax credits if someone else is responsible for your maintenance while you\u2019re in the UK. This means they pay for your upkeep and provide you with somewhere to live. This person is often called your \u2018sponsor\u2019, and could be a friend, employer or relative.\n\nAll of the following must apply:\n\n- your sponsor has given the Home Office a written statement saying that they\u2019re sponsoring you\n\n- your sponsor has permission to stay in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living permanently in the UK for at least 5 years, either since you came into the UK or since you started being sponsored (whichever date is later)\n\nYou may also continue to get tax credits if you\u2019ve been living in the UK for fewer than 5 years, but:\n\n- your sponsor has died\n\n- all your sponsors - if you had more than one - have died\n\n## You\u2019re from Albania, Morocco, San Marino or Tunisia\n\nYou cannot get Working Tax Credit.\n\nYou may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you\u2019re either working in the UK or you\u2019re not working because you\u2019re:\n\n- retired\n\n- pregnant or looking after children\n\n- sick or disabled or your partner has died\n\n## You\u2019re from Turkey\n\nTo continue to get Working Tax Credit you need to be lawfully present in the UK and a Turkish national.\n\nYou may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you\u2019re either working in the UK or you\u2019re not working because you\u2019re:\n\n- retired\n\n- pregnant or looking after children\n\n- sick or disabled or your partner has died\n\n## You\u2019re from North Macedonia\n\nYou may continue to get Working Tax Credit if you\u2019re a national of North Macedonia. You\u2019ll need to be lawfully present in the UK.\n\nYou cannot normally get Child Tax Credit. However, you may continue to if you\u2019ve been getting payments for your children through Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## You claimed asylum before 5 February 2006\n\nYou may continue to get Child Tax Credit if you received financial support for your children through Income Support or income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-credits-if-moving-country-or-travelling", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Aunt is a widow and recieves widows benefits. Due to her work efficiency her UK employer has requested her to go and work in their other office in France for the next 2 years. She has a 2 children who are on childtax credit.", + "original_question": "Will her tax credits and childtax credits be affected if she moves to france?" + }, + { + "id": "train-420", + "question": "Scenario: I am 19 years old student.I registered my vote in wiltshire Council. I have now moved to Birmingham city Council after Joining my University. I would like to vote in the coming local elections.\n\nQuestion: Can I choose whether to vote in Birmingham city Council or in wiltshire Council?\n\nDocument - Types of election, referendums, and who can vote:\n## General election\n\nGeneral elections (elections to the UK Parliament) usually take place every 5 years.\n\nTo vote in a general election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish or qualifying Commonwealth citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in the UK (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nThere are 650 Members of Parliament (MPs) in the UK Parliament.\n\nMPs are elected using the First Past the Post system. You vote once for a candidate in your constituency and the candidate with the most votes becomes your MP.\n\nYou can find your local MP.\n\nRead more about general elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Local government\n\nLocal government elections take place at least every 4 years. Not all local government elections take place at the same time.\n\nYour local government will do one of the following:\n\n- elect all the local councillors every 4 years\n\n- elect half the local councillors every 2 years\n\n- elect one third of the local councillors every year for 3 years and hold no elections in the 4th year\n\nTo vote in a local government election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019) (16 or over in Scotland)\n\n- be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou must also be one of the following:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- an Irish or EU citizen\n\n- a qualifying Commonwealth citizen\n\n- a citizen of another country living in Scotland or Wales who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission\n\nLocal government councillors in England and Wales are elected using the First Past the Post system. You vote for one candidate in your local area and the candidate with the most votes wins.\n\nIn Scotland and Northern Ireland, councillors are elected using the Single Transferable Vote system. You rank the candidates in order of preference.\n\n## When you can vote in more than one local election\n\nIf you live in 2 different local authority areas (for example because you\u2019re a student), you may be able to vote in both areas.\n\nYou must register to vote in both areas. The local Electoral Registration Offices will check each application and tell you if you can register in both areas.\n\nRead more about local government elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Scottish Parliament\n\nThere are 129 Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs).\n\nTo vote in Scottish Parliament elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote at an address in Scotland\n\n- be 16 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou must also be one of the following:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- an Irish citizen\n\n- a citizen of another country living in Scotland who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission\n\nMSPs are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency MSP and once for an MSP to represent the wider region.\n\nRead more about the Scottish Parliament elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Northern Ireland Assembly\n\nThere are 90 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) in the Northern Ireland Assembly.\n\nTo vote in Northern Ireland Assembly elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nMLAs are elected by the Single Transferable Vote system.\n\nRead more about the Northern Ireland Assembly elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Welsh Parliament\n\nThere are 60 Members of the Senedd Cymru: Welsh Parliament (MSs).\n\nTo vote in Welsh Parliament elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 16 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- live in Wales\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nMSs are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency MS and once for an MS to represent the wider region.\n\nRead more about the Welsh Parliament on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Local mayors, Mayor of London and London Assembly\n\n## Elected local mayors\n\nIn some areas of England voters elect a mayor.\n\nCheck if your mayor is elected on your local council website.\n\nMayors are elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, then your second choice is counted.\n\nTo vote for a local mayor, you must be eligible to vote in local elections.\n\n## Mayor of London and London Assembly\n\nThe Mayor of London makes decisions on behalf of the people of London. The 25 London Assembly Members make sure the Mayor\u2019s decisions are in the interests of the public.\n\nTo vote in the London Mayor and London Assembly elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in Greater London\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nThe Mayor of London is elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, your second choice is counted.\n\nLondon Assembly members are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency member and once for a London-wide representative.\n\nThere are 14 constituency members and 11 London-wide members.\n\nRead more about the Mayor of London and London Assembly elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Police and Crime Commissioner\n\nThere are 41 Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) in England and Wales who are elected to make sure the police are run properly. There is no elected PCC for London.\n\nTo vote in a PCC election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in England or Wales (excluding London)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nPCCs are elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, your second choice is counted.\n\nRead more about Police and Crime Commissioner elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Referendums\n\nA referendum is a vote on a single issue.\n\nEach referendum has different rules on who can vote in it.\n\nTo vote in a referendum you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the referendum (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish or Commonwealth citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in the UK or Gibraltar (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou make one choice between 2 options. Votes are counted for the whole of the UK, not by constituency.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/elections-in-the-uk", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 19 years old student.I registered my vote in wiltshire Council. I have now moved to Birmingham city Council after Joining my University. I would like to vote in the coming local elections.", + "original_question": "Can I choose whether to vote in Birmingham city Council or in wiltshire Council?" + }, + { + "id": "train-421", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 30 years old UK resident. I would like to vote in the coming local government elections . I pay council tax every month.\n\nQuestion: Am i registered as a voter automatically?\n\nDocument - Types of election, referendums, and who can vote:\n## General election\n\nGeneral elections (elections to the UK Parliament) usually take place every 5 years.\n\nTo vote in a general election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish or qualifying Commonwealth citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in the UK (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nThere are 650 Members of Parliament (MPs) in the UK Parliament.\n\nMPs are elected using the First Past the Post system. You vote once for a candidate in your constituency and the candidate with the most votes becomes your MP.\n\nYou can find your local MP.\n\nRead more about general elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Local government\n\nLocal government elections take place at least every 4 years. Not all local government elections take place at the same time.\n\nYour local government will do one of the following:\n\n- elect all the local councillors every 4 years\n\n- elect half the local councillors every 2 years\n\n- elect one third of the local councillors every year for 3 years and hold no elections in the 4th year\n\nTo vote in a local government election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019) (16 or over in Scotland)\n\n- be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou must also be one of the following:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- an Irish or EU citizen\n\n- a qualifying Commonwealth citizen\n\n- a citizen of another country living in Scotland or Wales who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission\n\nLocal government councillors in England and Wales are elected using the First Past the Post system. You vote for one candidate in your local area and the candidate with the most votes wins.\n\nIn Scotland and Northern Ireland, councillors are elected using the Single Transferable Vote system. You rank the candidates in order of preference.\n\n## When you can vote in more than one local election\n\nIf you live in 2 different local authority areas (for example because you\u2019re a student), you may be able to vote in both areas.\n\nYou must register to vote in both areas. The local Electoral Registration Offices will check each application and tell you if you can register in both areas.\n\nRead more about local government elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Scottish Parliament\n\nThere are 129 Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs).\n\nTo vote in Scottish Parliament elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote at an address in Scotland\n\n- be 16 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou must also be one of the following:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- an Irish citizen\n\n- a citizen of another country living in Scotland who has permission to enter or stay in the UK, or who does not need permission\n\nMSPs are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency MSP and once for an MSP to represent the wider region.\n\nRead more about the Scottish Parliament elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Northern Ireland Assembly\n\nThere are 90 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) in the Northern Ireland Assembly.\n\nTo vote in Northern Ireland Assembly elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be registered at an address in the area you want to vote in\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nMLAs are elected by the Single Transferable Vote system.\n\nRead more about the Northern Ireland Assembly elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Welsh Parliament\n\nThere are 60 Members of the Senedd Cymru: Welsh Parliament (MSs).\n\nTo vote in Welsh Parliament elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 16 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- live in Wales\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nMSs are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency MS and once for an MS to represent the wider region.\n\nRead more about the Welsh Parliament on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Local mayors, Mayor of London and London Assembly\n\n## Elected local mayors\n\nIn some areas of England voters elect a mayor.\n\nCheck if your mayor is elected on your local council website.\n\nMayors are elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, then your second choice is counted.\n\nTo vote for a local mayor, you must be eligible to vote in local elections.\n\n## Mayor of London and London Assembly\n\nThe Mayor of London makes decisions on behalf of the people of London. The 25 London Assembly Members make sure the Mayor\u2019s decisions are in the interests of the public.\n\nTo vote in the London Mayor and London Assembly elections you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in Greater London\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nThe Mayor of London is elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, your second choice is counted.\n\nLondon Assembly members are elected using the Additional Member system. You vote once for your constituency member and once for a London-wide representative.\n\nThere are 14 constituency members and 11 London-wide members.\n\nRead more about the Mayor of London and London Assembly elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Police and Crime Commissioner\n\nThere are 41 Police and Crime Commissioners (PCCs) in England and Wales who are elected to make sure the police are run properly. There is no elected PCC for London.\n\nTo vote in a PCC election you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the election (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish, qualifying Commonwealth or EU citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in England or Wales (excluding London)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nPCCs are elected using the Supplementary Vote system. You make a first and second choice when you vote.\n\nIf no candidate gets more than 50% of the first choice votes, all except the top 2 candidates are eliminated. If your first choice candidate is eliminated, and your second choice is for one of the top 2, your second choice is counted.\n\nRead more about Police and Crime Commissioner elections on The Electoral Commission website.\n\n## Referendums\n\nA referendum is a vote on a single issue.\n\nEach referendum has different rules on who can vote in it.\n\nTo vote in a referendum you must:\n\n- be registered to vote\n\n- be 18 or over on the day of the referendum (\u2018polling day\u2019)\n\n- be a British, Irish or Commonwealth citizen\n\n- be resident at an address in the UK or Gibraltar (or a British citizen living abroad who has been registered to vote in the UK in the last 15 years)\n\n- not be legally excluded from voting\n\nYou make one choice between 2 options. Votes are counted for the whole of the UK, not by constituency.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/elections-in-the-uk", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 30 years old UK resident. I would like to vote in the coming local government elections . I pay council tax every month.", + "original_question": "Am i registered as a voter automatically?" + }, + { + "id": "train-422", + "question": "Scenario: My son is a 20 year old. He has a driving licence, and currently drives a 1500kg non-tracked tractor. I am considering purchasing a tracked tractor, which weighs 4000kg. I want my son to learn how to drive this.\n\nQuestion: Will my son be lawfully able to drive this vehicle?\n\nDocument - Learning to drive a tractor or specialist vehicle:\n## Driving licence requirements\n\nIf you pass a regular car driving test (category B) you\u2019ll get entitlement to drive:\n\n- agricultural tractors (category F)\n\n- mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles (category K)\n\nFor all other categories you need the correct full licence to drive the tractor or special vehicle on the road.\n\nTo get this you first need to get the right provisional driving licence entitlement and then pass a tractor or specialist vehicle driving test.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive or operate:\n\n- a tractor or specialist vehicle off the public road (there are age limits)\n\n- pedestrian-controlled mowing machines (you must be at least 16)\n\n- electric bikes\n\n- mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\nYou do need a driving licence to drive quad bikes on the road.\n\n## Road rollers and tracked vehicles\n\nYou need a full category B car licence with provisional entitlement for categories G and H to drive:\n\n- road rollers (category G)\n\n- tracked vehicles (category H)\n\nFind out how to add higher categories to your driving licence.\n\n## Age limits\n\n| | Category | Minimum age |\n\n| Agricultural tractors | F | 16/17* |\n\n| Road rollers | G | 21** |\n\n| Tracked vehicles | H | 17/21*** |\n\n| Mowing machine or pedestrian-controlled vehicle | K | 16 |\n\n*If you\u2019re 16 you can only drive tractors less than 2.45 metres wide and tow trailers less than 2.45 metres wide with 2 wheels, or 4 wheels close-coupled (close together).\n\n**If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 these must be small road road-rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot be steam powered, weigh more than 11,960kg or be made for carrying loads.\n\n***If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 the Maximum Authorised Mass (MAM) of the vehicle cannot be more than 3,500kg. (Maximum Authorised Mass is the maximum weight of a vehicle including the maximum load that can be carried safely while used on the road.)\n\n## Practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle\n\nYou can get a provisional licence for a tractor or specialist vehicle at 16, but you cannot practise driving them on the road until you\u2019re 17.\n\nThe only exception is when you\u2019re driving to or from your practical driving test.\n\nYou must be accompanied by a qualified driver if the vehicle was made with a passenger seat. Removing a seat is not allowed.\n\n## Other rules for practising\n\nYou need to display L plates (L or D plates in Wales) when you\u2019re practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle on public roads.\n\nYour vehicle must also be properly insured and roadworthy.\n\n## Finding an instructor\n\nYou might be able to use an approved driving instructor (ADI) if you\u2019re learning to drive a vehicle with controls similar to a car and with 2 front seats.\n\nYour instructor may have to walk alongside you calling out advice if your vehicle does not have space for 2 people on board.\n\n## Driving tests for tractors and specialist vehicles\n\nThe type of driving test you have to do depends on the type of vehicle.\n\n## Category F, G, H or K vehicles\n\nThe examiner will give you instructions at the side of the road and watch how you:\n\n- drive as you go around left and right circuits\n\n- turn round using forward and reverse gears\n\nFor very slow vehicles, like pedestrian-controlled vehicles, your examiner may walk near you where they can watch your driving.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have an eyesight test and at the end of the category F, G, H or K test, you\u2019ll be asked 5 questions on the Highway Code and other motoring matters. You\u2019ll then be asked to identify 6 different traffic signs.\n\n## Category H tests\n\nIn category H driving tests you need to drive the vehicle backwards and turn it around, using its tracks, so it\u2019s facing the opposite direction.\n\nYour examiner will tell you how you should make this manoeuvre.\n\n## Documents you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring either:\n\n- a valid, signed photocard driving licence from the UK or an EU country\n\n- an old-style valid, signed UK paper driving licence along with a valid passport\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou might be able to apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Rules for test vehicles\n\nAll test vehicles have to meet certain rules, depending on their category.\n\n## Category B1 - quadricycles and light 4-wheeled vehicles\n\nYou can only take a test on a category B1 vehicle if you\u2019re registered as disabled.\n\nThe vehicle must:\n\n- weigh no more than 550kg unladen\n\n- be able to drive at 37mph\n\n## Category F - tractors\n\nCategory F includes tractors with 2 or more axles, built for off-road agriculture or forestry work.\n\n## Category G - road rollers\n\nIf you\u2019re between 17 and 20, these must be small road rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot:\n\n- be steam powered\n\n- weigh more than 11,690kg\n\n- be made for carrying loads\n\n## Category H - tracked vehicles\n\nCategory H vehicles must have adequate all-round visibility to let the driver carry out manoeuvres and deal with junctions safely.\n\nAny vehicle needing a second person to help with observation, such as a military vehicle, cannot be used for a category H test.\n\n## Category K - mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles\n\nA mowing machine is a specialist ride-on grass-cutting vehicle with permanent cutting equipment. You must be 16 to use this type of vehicle.\n\nA pedestrian-controlled vehicle is where the operator walks with but doesn\u2019t ride on the vehicle. You do not need a licence to operate one.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My son is a 20 year old. He has a driving licence, and currently drives a 1500kg non-tracked tractor. I am considering purchasing a tracked tractor, which weighs 4000kg. I want my son to learn how to drive this.", + "original_question": "Will my son be lawfully able to drive this vehicle?" + }, + { + "id": "train-424", + "question": "Scenario: My son is 16 years and lives in England . He possesses a provisional tractor and specialist vehicle license and would like him to operate our combine harvester since I have an arm injury .\n\nQuestion: Is he allowed to drive it via public road to my farm?\n\nDocument - Learning to drive a tractor or specialist vehicle:\n## Driving licence requirements\n\nIf you pass a regular car driving test (category B) you\u2019ll get entitlement to drive:\n\n- agricultural tractors (category F)\n\n- mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles (category K)\n\nFor all other categories you need the correct full licence to drive the tractor or special vehicle on the road.\n\nTo get this you first need to get the right provisional driving licence entitlement and then pass a tractor or specialist vehicle driving test.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive or operate:\n\n- a tractor or specialist vehicle off the public road (there are age limits)\n\n- pedestrian-controlled mowing machines (you must be at least 16)\n\n- electric bikes\n\n- mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\nYou do need a driving licence to drive quad bikes on the road.\n\n## Road rollers and tracked vehicles\n\nYou need a full category B car licence with provisional entitlement for categories G and H to drive:\n\n- road rollers (category G)\n\n- tracked vehicles (category H)\n\nFind out how to add higher categories to your driving licence.\n\n## Age limits\n\n| | Category | Minimum age |\n\n| Agricultural tractors | F | 16/17* |\n\n| Road rollers | G | 21** |\n\n| Tracked vehicles | H | 17/21*** |\n\n| Mowing machine or pedestrian-controlled vehicle | K | 16 |\n\n*If you\u2019re 16 you can only drive tractors less than 2.45 metres wide and tow trailers less than 2.45 metres wide with 2 wheels, or 4 wheels close-coupled (close together).\n\n**If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 these must be small road road-rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot be steam powered, weigh more than 11,960kg or be made for carrying loads.\n\n***If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 the Maximum Authorised Mass (MAM) of the vehicle cannot be more than 3,500kg. (Maximum Authorised Mass is the maximum weight of a vehicle including the maximum load that can be carried safely while used on the road.)\n\n## Practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle\n\nYou can get a provisional licence for a tractor or specialist vehicle at 16, but you cannot practise driving them on the road until you\u2019re 17.\n\nThe only exception is when you\u2019re driving to or from your practical driving test.\n\nYou must be accompanied by a qualified driver if the vehicle was made with a passenger seat. Removing a seat is not allowed.\n\n## Other rules for practising\n\nYou need to display L plates (L or D plates in Wales) when you\u2019re practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle on public roads.\n\nYour vehicle must also be properly insured and roadworthy.\n\n## Finding an instructor\n\nYou might be able to use an approved driving instructor (ADI) if you\u2019re learning to drive a vehicle with controls similar to a car and with 2 front seats.\n\nYour instructor may have to walk alongside you calling out advice if your vehicle does not have space for 2 people on board.\n\n## Driving tests for tractors and specialist vehicles\n\nThe type of driving test you have to do depends on the type of vehicle.\n\n## Category F, G, H or K vehicles\n\nThe examiner will give you instructions at the side of the road and watch how you:\n\n- drive as you go around left and right circuits\n\n- turn round using forward and reverse gears\n\nFor very slow vehicles, like pedestrian-controlled vehicles, your examiner may walk near you where they can watch your driving.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have an eyesight test and at the end of the category F, G, H or K test, you\u2019ll be asked 5 questions on the Highway Code and other motoring matters. You\u2019ll then be asked to identify 6 different traffic signs.\n\n## Category H tests\n\nIn category H driving tests you need to drive the vehicle backwards and turn it around, using its tracks, so it\u2019s facing the opposite direction.\n\nYour examiner will tell you how you should make this manoeuvre.\n\n## Documents you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring either:\n\n- a valid, signed photocard driving licence from the UK or an EU country\n\n- an old-style valid, signed UK paper driving licence along with a valid passport\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou might be able to apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Rules for test vehicles\n\nAll test vehicles have to meet certain rules, depending on their category.\n\n## Category B1 - quadricycles and light 4-wheeled vehicles\n\nYou can only take a test on a category B1 vehicle if you\u2019re registered as disabled.\n\nThe vehicle must:\n\n- weigh no more than 550kg unladen\n\n- be able to drive at 37mph\n\n## Category F - tractors\n\nCategory F includes tractors with 2 or more axles, built for off-road agriculture or forestry work.\n\n## Category G - road rollers\n\nIf you\u2019re between 17 and 20, these must be small road rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot:\n\n- be steam powered\n\n- weigh more than 11,690kg\n\n- be made for carrying loads\n\n## Category H - tracked vehicles\n\nCategory H vehicles must have adequate all-round visibility to let the driver carry out manoeuvres and deal with junctions safely.\n\nAny vehicle needing a second person to help with observation, such as a military vehicle, cannot be used for a category H test.\n\n## Category K - mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles\n\nA mowing machine is a specialist ride-on grass-cutting vehicle with permanent cutting equipment. You must be 16 to use this type of vehicle.\n\nA pedestrian-controlled vehicle is where the operator walks with but doesn\u2019t ride on the vehicle. You do not need a licence to operate one.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My son is 16 years and lives in England . He possesses a provisional tractor and specialist vehicle license and would like him to operate our combine harvester since I have an arm injury .", + "original_question": "Is he allowed to drive it via public road to my farm?" + }, + { + "id": "train-425", + "question": "Scenario: I am 17 years old and have passed my car driving test category B. would like to help my father to spread manure on his farm with a Muck spreader. The farm is next to our home.\n\nQuestion: Do i qualify?\n\nDocument - Learning to drive a tractor or specialist vehicle:\n## Driving licence requirements\n\nIf you pass a regular car driving test (category B) you\u2019ll get entitlement to drive:\n\n- agricultural tractors (category F)\n\n- mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles (category K)\n\nFor all other categories you need the correct full licence to drive the tractor or special vehicle on the road.\n\nTo get this you first need to get the right provisional driving licence entitlement and then pass a tractor or specialist vehicle driving test.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive or operate:\n\n- a tractor or specialist vehicle off the public road (there are age limits)\n\n- pedestrian-controlled mowing machines (you must be at least 16)\n\n- electric bikes\n\n- mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\nYou do need a driving licence to drive quad bikes on the road.\n\n## Road rollers and tracked vehicles\n\nYou need a full category B car licence with provisional entitlement for categories G and H to drive:\n\n- road rollers (category G)\n\n- tracked vehicles (category H)\n\nFind out how to add higher categories to your driving licence.\n\n## Age limits\n\n| | Category | Minimum age |\n\n| Agricultural tractors | F | 16/17* |\n\n| Road rollers | G | 21** |\n\n| Tracked vehicles | H | 17/21*** |\n\n| Mowing machine or pedestrian-controlled vehicle | K | 16 |\n\n*If you\u2019re 16 you can only drive tractors less than 2.45 metres wide and tow trailers less than 2.45 metres wide with 2 wheels, or 4 wheels close-coupled (close together).\n\n**If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 these must be small road road-rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot be steam powered, weigh more than 11,960kg or be made for carrying loads.\n\n***If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 the Maximum Authorised Mass (MAM) of the vehicle cannot be more than 3,500kg. (Maximum Authorised Mass is the maximum weight of a vehicle including the maximum load that can be carried safely while used on the road.)\n\n## Practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle\n\nYou can get a provisional licence for a tractor or specialist vehicle at 16, but you cannot practise driving them on the road until you\u2019re 17.\n\nThe only exception is when you\u2019re driving to or from your practical driving test.\n\nYou must be accompanied by a qualified driver if the vehicle was made with a passenger seat. Removing a seat is not allowed.\n\n## Other rules for practising\n\nYou need to display L plates (L or D plates in Wales) when you\u2019re practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle on public roads.\n\nYour vehicle must also be properly insured and roadworthy.\n\n## Finding an instructor\n\nYou might be able to use an approved driving instructor (ADI) if you\u2019re learning to drive a vehicle with controls similar to a car and with 2 front seats.\n\nYour instructor may have to walk alongside you calling out advice if your vehicle does not have space for 2 people on board.\n\n## Driving tests for tractors and specialist vehicles\n\nThe type of driving test you have to do depends on the type of vehicle.\n\n## Category F, G, H or K vehicles\n\nThe examiner will give you instructions at the side of the road and watch how you:\n\n- drive as you go around left and right circuits\n\n- turn round using forward and reverse gears\n\nFor very slow vehicles, like pedestrian-controlled vehicles, your examiner may walk near you where they can watch your driving.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have an eyesight test and at the end of the category F, G, H or K test, you\u2019ll be asked 5 questions on the Highway Code and other motoring matters. You\u2019ll then be asked to identify 6 different traffic signs.\n\n## Category H tests\n\nIn category H driving tests you need to drive the vehicle backwards and turn it around, using its tracks, so it\u2019s facing the opposite direction.\n\nYour examiner will tell you how you should make this manoeuvre.\n\n## Documents you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring either:\n\n- a valid, signed photocard driving licence from the UK or an EU country\n\n- an old-style valid, signed UK paper driving licence along with a valid passport\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou might be able to apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Rules for test vehicles\n\nAll test vehicles have to meet certain rules, depending on their category.\n\n## Category B1 - quadricycles and light 4-wheeled vehicles\n\nYou can only take a test on a category B1 vehicle if you\u2019re registered as disabled.\n\nThe vehicle must:\n\n- weigh no more than 550kg unladen\n\n- be able to drive at 37mph\n\n## Category F - tractors\n\nCategory F includes tractors with 2 or more axles, built for off-road agriculture or forestry work.\n\n## Category G - road rollers\n\nIf you\u2019re between 17 and 20, these must be small road rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot:\n\n- be steam powered\n\n- weigh more than 11,690kg\n\n- be made for carrying loads\n\n## Category H - tracked vehicles\n\nCategory H vehicles must have adequate all-round visibility to let the driver carry out manoeuvres and deal with junctions safely.\n\nAny vehicle needing a second person to help with observation, such as a military vehicle, cannot be used for a category H test.\n\n## Category K - mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles\n\nA mowing machine is a specialist ride-on grass-cutting vehicle with permanent cutting equipment. You must be 16 to use this type of vehicle.\n\nA pedestrian-controlled vehicle is where the operator walks with but doesn\u2019t ride on the vehicle. You do not need a licence to operate one.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 17 years old and have passed my car driving test category B. would like to help my father to spread manure on his farm with a Muck spreader. The farm is next to our home.", + "original_question": "Do i qualify?" + }, + { + "id": "train-427", + "question": "Scenario: I am planning for a drive trip to Switzerland this summer. I hold a photocard driving licence issued in the UK but don't have an international driving permit.\n\nQuestion: Do I need international driving permit to drive in Switzerland ?\n\nDocument - Driving abroad:\n## Driving abroad on holiday\n\nYou need to take your Great Britain or Northern Ireland driving licence with you to drive abroad. Check yours is still valid and renew your driving licence online if it\u2019s expired or about to expire. You\u2019ll need to apply to renew your licence at least a week before you travel.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking your own vehicle, you also need to take your log book (V5C) and your insurance certificate.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking a vehicle abroad that you\u2019ve hired or leased in the UK, you\u2019ll need a VE103 certificate.\n\n## Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou might need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. Check if you need an IDP.\n\nYou can get IDPs over the counter at the Post Office. You might need one for each country you\u2019re visiting.\n\nDo not apply for an IDP if you\u2019re moving abroad. You\u2019ll need to either exchange your UK licence or apply for a new one in the country you\u2019re moving to.\n\n## Check the overseas driving rules\n\nMake sure you follow overseas driving rules, including local speed limits and drink driving laws. You may be breaking the law and get a fine if you do not.\n\nDepending on the country you\u2019re visiting you may need:\n\n- extra equipment - for example, you need a reflective jacket and a warning triangle in many countries\n\n- emission stickers (permits) in some European cities - you may need to buy these weeks before you go abroad\n\n- headlight converter stickers\n\n- a GB sticker\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, it\u2019s your responsibility to check you have the equipment you need.\n\nCheck what you need to do if you\u2019re driving in the EU.\n\nCheck the travel advice for all countries.\n\n## Check your insurance if you\u2019re taking your own vehicle\n\nYour UK vehicle insurance gives you a minimum of third party cover to drive your vehicle in EU countries. Check with your insurer if your policy covers extra things like theft or damage.\n\nYou need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 for your vehicle if you\u2019re driving in:\n\n- the EU (including Ireland)\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Iceland\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Norway\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Switzerland\n\nIn other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card to show you\u2019re covered. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re driving in.\n\n## Towing your trailer or caravan abroad\n\nCheck if you need to register your trailer before you can take it abroad.\n\nWhen driving in the EU (including Ireland), Andorra, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Serbia and Switzerland, you need to carry a separate green card for both:\n\n- the vehicle you\u2019re driving\n\n- the trailer or caravan you\u2019re towing\n\nIn other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card for each trailer or caravan you tow. Check what you need to bring with your insurer before you travel.\n\n## Hiring a car abroad\n\nYour hire company may ask to see your driving licence information when you pick up the car. You can share this by getting a licence \u2018check code\u2019. You can do this up to 21 days before your trip.\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, insurance is included. Check what you\u2019re covered for with the hire company.\n\n## Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou may need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. The permit you may need depends on:\n\n- which country you\u2019re visiting\n\n- how long you\u2019re staying\n\nYou need to have a valid Great Britain (GB) or Northern Ireland driving licence to get an IDP.\n\n## Driving in Europe\n\nYou do not need an IDP to drive in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein if you have a photocard driving licence issued in the UK.\n\nYou might need an IDP to drive in some EU countries and Norway if you have either:\n\n- a paper driving licence\n\n- a licence issued in Gibraltar, Guernsey, Jersey or the Isle of Man\n\nCheck with the embassy of the country you will be driving in.\n\n## Check which IDP you need\n\nCheck the table to find out if you need an IDP. There are 3 types of IDP:\n\n- 1926\n\n- 1949\n\n- 1968\n\nThe IDP you need depends on what country you\u2019re visiting.\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling through more than one country, you might need more than one type of IDP.\n\nIf the country you\u2019re visiting is not included in the table, check with the embassy of the country you\u2019re travelling to.\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, check with your car hire company.\n\nIf you already have an IDP, make sure it\u2019s still valid in the country you\u2019re visiting.\n\n| Country or territory | Type of IDP | More information |\n\n| Albania | 1968 | |\n\n| Algeria | 1949 | |\n\n| Andorra | 1949 | |\n\n| Argentina | 1949 | |\n\n| Armenia | 1968 | |\n\n| Australia | 1949 | |\n\n| Austria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Azerbaijan | 1968 | |\n\n| Bahamas | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Bahrain | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days. You must get your permit certified by local authorities when you arrive. |\n\n| Bangladesh | 1949 | |\n\n| Barbados | 1949 | |\n\n| Belarus | 1968 | |\n\n| Belgium | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Belgian Embassy. |\n\n| Benin | 1949 | |\n\n| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1968 | |\n\n| Botswana | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire. |\n\n| Brazil | 1968 | You need to get a certified translation of your IDP from the British consulate. |\n\n| Bulgaria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Burkina Faso | 1949 | |\n\n| Cambodia | 1949 | |\n\n| Canada | 1949 | |\n\n| Cape Verde | 1968 | |\n\n| Central African Republic | 1968 | |\n\n| Chile | 1949 | |\n\n| Congo | 1949 | |\n\n| Cote d\u2019Ivoire (Ivory Coast) | 1968 | |\n\n| Croatia | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Croatian Embassy. |\n\n| Cuba | 1968 | |\n\n| Cyprus | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for visits up to 30 days. For visits longer than 30 days you will need a 1949 IDP. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP for any length of visit. Check with the High Commission of Cyprus. |\n\n| Czech Republic | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Czech Republic Embassy. |\n\n| Democratic Republic of Congo | 1968 | |\n\n| Denmark | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. |\n\n| Dominican Republic | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Ecuador | 1949 | |\n\n| Egypt | 1949 | |\n\n| Estonia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for up to 90 days in any 180-day period. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Estonian Embassy. |\n\n| Eswatini (previously Swaziland) | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Fiji | 1949 | |\n\n| Finland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| France | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the French Embassy. |\n\n| French Polynesia | 1968 | |\n\n| Georgia | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Germany | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the German Embassy. |\n\n| Ghana | 1949 | |\n\n| Greece | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Guam | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Guatemala | 1949 | |\n\n| Guyana | 1968 | |\n\n| Haiti | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Hungary | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Hungarian Embassy. |\n\n| Iceland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 30 days. |\n\n| India | 1949 | |\n\n| Iran | 1968 | |\n\n| Iraq | 1968 | |\n\n| Ireland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. |\n\n| Israel | 1968 | |\n\n| Italy | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Italian Embassy. |\n\n| Jamaica | 1949 | |\n\n| Japan | 1949 | |\n\n| Jordan | 1949 | |\n\n| Kazakhstan | 1968 | |\n\n| Kenya | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Kuwait | 1968 | |\n\n| Kyrgyzstan | 1968 | |\n\n| Laos | 1949 | |\n\n| Latvia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Lebanon | 1949 | |\n\n| Lesotho | 1949 | |\n\n| Liberia | 1968 | |\n\n| Libya | 1949 | |\n\n| Liechtenstein | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Lithuania | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Luxembourg | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Macao (Macau) | 1949 | |\n\n| Madagascar | 1949 | |\n\n| Malawi | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Malaysia (Sabah) | 1949 | |\n\n| Mali | 1949 | |\n\n| Malta | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP. Check with the Malta High Commission. |\n\n| Mexico | 1926 | |\n\n| Moldova | 1968 | |\n\n| Monaco | 1968 | |\n\n| Mongolia | 1968 | |\n\n| Montenegro | 1968 | |\n\n| Morocco | 1968 | |\n\n| Myanmar (previously Burma) | 1968 | |\n\n| Namibia | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Netherlands | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| New Zealand | 1949 | |\n\n| Niger | 1968 | |\n\n| Nigeria | 1968 | |\n\n| North Macedonia | 1968 | |\n\n| Norway | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Norwegian Embassy. |\n\n| Pakistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Papua New Guinea | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Paraguay | 1949 | |\n\n| Peru | 1968 | |\n\n| Philippines | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Poland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Portugal | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Qatar | 1968 | |\n\n| Romania | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Romanian Embassy. |\n\n| Russian Federation | 1968 | |\n\n| Rwanda | 1949 | |\n\n| San Marino | 1968 | |\n\n| Saudi Arabia | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire. |\n\n| Senegal | 1968 | |\n\n| Serbia | 1968 | |\n\n| Seychelles | 1968 | |\n\n| Sierra Leone | 1949 | |\n\n| Singapore | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Slovakia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. For visits longer than 6 months you\u2019ll need a 1968 IDP. |\n\n| Slovenia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. |\n\n| Somalia | 1926 | |\n\n| South Africa | 1968 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| South Korea | 1949 | |\n\n| Spain (including Balearic and Canary Isles) | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Sri Lanka | 1949 | As well as the IDP, you must get a Sri Lankan recognition permit from the Automobile Association of Ceylon (AAC) in Colombo. |\n\n| St. Lucia | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence. |\n\n| St. Vincent | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence. |\n\n| Sweden | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. |\n\n| Switzerland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Syria | 1949 | |\n\n| Tajikistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Taiwan | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Thailand | 1949 | |\n\n| Togo | 1949 | |\n\n| Trinidad & Tobago | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Tunisia | 1968 | |\n\n| Turkey | 1968 | |\n\n| Turkmenistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Uganda | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Ukraine | 1968 | |\n\n| United Arab Emirates | 1968 | |\n\n| United States | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Uruguay | 1968 | |\n\n| Uzbekistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Vatican City | 1949 | |\n\n| Venezuela | 1949 | |\n\n| Vietnam | 1968 | |\n\n| Zimbabwe | 1968 | |\n\n## Get an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou can get an IDP over the counter at the Post Office.\n\nThey cost \u00a35.50 and you must:\n\n- live in Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- have a full UK driving licence\n\n- be 18 or over\n\nCheck if you need an IDP first.\n\nA 1926 or 1949 permit lasts for 12 months. A 1968 permit lasts for 3 years or until your UK driving licence expires, whichever comes first.\n\n## Driving if you move abroad\n\nYou need to get a local driving licence if you move abroad. Check with the driving licence authorities there to find out how to apply.\n\nIn some countries you can exchange your UK licence without taking another driving test.\n\nIf you move to an EU country, check the rules for exchanging your licence in the EU.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am planning for a drive trip to Switzerland this summer. I hold a photocard driving licence issued in the UK but don't have an international driving permit.", + "original_question": "Do I need international driving permit to drive in Switzerland ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-428", + "question": "Scenario: I own a vehicle which I have made modifications to. I have changed all of the major components to the car, but have maintained their original specifications and weights.\n\nQuestion: Will I need to change the vehicle's registration number?\n\nDocument - Vehicle registration:\n## Overview\n\nYou have to register a car or any other vehicle as soon as you\u2019ve:\n\n- bought it\n\n- built it\n\n- rebuilt or altered it\n\n- imported it\n\nYou do this by filling in forms and sending them to DVLA. The forms you have to send depend on your circumstances.\n\nDVLA may need to inspect your vehicle to:\n\n- make sure the vehicle exists, has been assembled into a complete vehicle and the log book (V5C) is in your name\n\n- update their records because of changes you\u2019ve made to the vehicle\n\nThey will send you a letter if they need to do this. You will not have to pay a fee.\n\nUse the different registration schemes for the motor trade if you\u2019re a vehicle manufacturer, importer or VAT-registered trader.\n\n## New and used vehicles\n\n## New vehicles\n\nThe dealer will usually register a brand new vehicle for you. If they do, you\u2019ll get a V5C registration certificate (log book). It will take longer than usual to get this because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nIf the dealer will not do it, you can register the vehicle yourself.\n\nIf your vehicle is a new heavy goods vehicle (HGV), you also need to record the details of your HGV with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).\n\n## Used vehicles\n\nYou need to tax a used vehicle before you can use it on the road.\n\nThe way a used vehicle is registered to you depends on whether it has a V5C registration certificate (log book).\n\n## Vehicle has a registration certificate (V5C)\n\nThe seller can register the vehicle to you online or by post.\n\nThe seller must follow a different process if you\u2019re buying a vehicle to take abroad including the Channel Islands (Jersey and Guernsey), Isle of Man or Ireland. They must give you the full log book (V5C) and not send it to DVLA.\n\n## Register online\n\nThe seller will need to:\n\n- register the vehicle to you online\n\n- fill in the green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip and give it to you\n\n- destroy the V5C\n\nDVLA will update the vehicle record immediately and they will aim to send out a new V5C to you within 3 to 5 days.\n\n## Register by post\n\nIf you cannot register the vehicle online, you can register it by post. The seller will need to:\n\n- complete section 2 if they have a new style log book (with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover) or section 6 if they have the older style log book\n\n- sign the declaration in section 8 if they have the older style log book (you must sign the declaration too)\n\n- fill in the new keeper slip and give it to you\n\n- send the V5C to DVLA\n\nDVLA aims to send out a new V5C to you as soon as possible, usually 4 weeks after getting the old V5C from the seller. This may take longer because of coronavirus.\n\nIf you do not get it within 4 weeks:\n\n- complete form V62 - \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019\n\n- send it to DVLA with the new keeper slip given to you by the seller - if you do not send in the new keeper slip, you\u2019ll have to pay a fee\n\nDownload form V62 or get it from any Post Office branch.\n\nContact DVLA if you do not receive anything 6 weeks after sending in form V62.\n\n## Vehicle does not have a registration certificate\n\nDVLA advises that you should not buy a vehicle that does not have a registration certificate (V5C).\n\nRegister the vehicle in your name by using form V62 \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019. You\u2019ll have to pay a fee. See the section above for how to get form V62.\n\nContact DVLA if you do not receive anything 6 weeks after sending in form V62.\n\n## Checking your new registration certificate\n\nWhen you receive your registration certificate, it\u2019s your responsibility to check all the details are correct. If anything is incorrect, make the changes on the certificate and send it back to DVLA.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the replacement certificate within 4 weeks.\n\n## New registrations\n\nYour vehicle may not have been registered before with DVLA if it\u2019s:\n\n- brand new\n\n- a kit car\n\n- imported\n\n- been rebuilt or radically altered\n\n- an old or classic vehicle\n\nIf you buy a brand new vehicle, the dealer will usually arrange for it to be registered. Otherwise, you need to follow the process below.\n\n## Making an application\n\n## Fill in form V55/4 or V55/5\n\nFor any type of newly registered vehicle, you must fill in either a:\n\n- V55/4 form to register a new vehicle, including new imported vehicles and newly-built (kit) cars\n\n- V55/5 form to register a used vehicle, including rebuilt vehicles, used imported vehicles and older vehicles that have never been registered\n\n## Provide copies of identity documents\n\nSend in a photocopy of your photocard driving licence with your application form to prove your identity.\n\nIf you cannot do this, you must send in photocopies of one document that proves your name and another document that proves your address.\n\nDocuments you can use to confirm your name include:\n\n- passport\n\n- marriage certificate\n\n- decree nisi or absolute\n\n- birth certificate\n\n- current UK paper driving licence (not a paper counterpart)\n\nDocuments you can use to confirm your address include:\n\n- recent utility bill (within the last 3 months) - for example gas, electricity, water, landline\n\n- recent bank or building society statement (within the last 3 months)\n\n- medical card\n\n- council tax bill for current year\n\nYou can fill in form V959 - \u2018Notification of name and address check\u2019 instead of these documents to prove your identity if you\u2019re a current DVLA trade plate holder.\n\n## Supporting documents needed for all vehicles\n\nAs well as documents to prove your identity, you must also send:\n\n- payment for the vehicle tax\n\n- the new registration fee of \u00a355, if you have to pay it\n\n- a current MOT certificate, if the vehicle is over 3 years old (over 4 years old in Northern Ireland)\n\n- a certificate of newness (or declaration of newness for imported vehicles), if the vehicle is new\n\n- proof of vehicle approval if the vehicle is under 10 years old (unless it\u2019s exempt from vehicle approval)\n\n- any documents you have relating to the vehicle, for example build plans if it\u2019s a kit car\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (if you\u2019re registering the vehicle to an address in Northern Ireland)\n\n## Supporting documents needed for some vehicles\n\nYou may have to send extra forms and documents if your vehicle is:\n\n- imported\n\n- kit-built, rebuilt, kit-converted or radically altered\n\n- an old vehicle\n\n- a reconstructed classic vehicle\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nDVLA might need to inspect your vehicle. If your application is approved, DVLA will send you a V5C registration certificate (sometimes called a log book).\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) it\u2019s taking longer than usual to get a new registration certificate.\n\nYour V5C shows:\n\n- the vehicle\u2019s registration number\n\n- the vehicle keeper\u2019s name and address\n\n- other information about the vehicle (the make, vehicle identification number (VIN) and number of previous keepers)\n\nDVLA will also return your identity documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a prepaid self-addressed, special delivery envelope if you want the documents returned by special delivery.\n\nDVLA cannot guarantee the return of the documents by a specific date.\n\n## New registrations fee\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee of \u00a355 if you\u2019re registering and taxing a vehicle for the first time with DVLA.\n\nYou can pay by cheque or postal order. You cannot send cash. Damaged or altered cheques will not be accepted.\n\nYou do not have to pay for some vehicles, including:\n\n- those first registered and licensed in the disabled exempt taxation class\n\n- historic vehicles previously registered with the old local authorities (late conversions)\n\n- vehicles previously registered in the United Kingdom\n\n- imported vehicles previously registered under the personal export scheme and new means of transport scheme\n\n- visiting forces vehicles\n\n- vehicles registered under the direct export scheme\n\n- vehicles registered for off-road use only\n\n- crown exempt vehicles\n\n## Rebuilt vehicles\n\nYour vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.\n\nYou must include the following with your application:\n\n- form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019\n\n- evidence of type approval, if necessary\n\n- the vehicle registration certificate for the original vehicle\n\n- official receipts for any parts used\n\n- photographs of the vehicle\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.\n\nSend your application to:\n\n## Vehicle type approval\n\nYou\u2019ll have to get type approval if your vehicle does not qualify to keep its original registration number.\n\n## Keep a vehicle\u2019s original registration number\n\nA rebuilt vehicle can keep its original registration number if you can prove you\u2019ve used:\n\n- the original unmodified chassis or bodyshell (car or light van)\n\n- a new chassis or monocoque bodyshell of the same specification as the original (car or light van)\n\n- the original unmodified frame (motorbike)\n\n- a new frame of the same specification as the original (motorbike)\n\nYou must also have 2 other major components from the original vehicle from the following lists.\n\nFor cars or light vans:\n\n- suspension (front and back)\n\n- steering assembly\n\n- axles (both)\n\n- transmission\n\n- engine\n\nFor motorbikes:\n\n- forks\n\n- wheels\n\n- engine\n\n- gear box\n\n## Get a Q registration number\n\nDVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number if you do not meet the conditions for keeping the original registration number.\n\nYour vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a Q registration number.\n\nVehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.\n\n## Kit-built vehicles\n\nYour vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.\n\nA kit-built vehicle is one where all the parts are supplied new by the manufacturer.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.\n\nYou must include the following with your application:\n\n- form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019\n\n- evidence of type approval \u2013 see \u2018Vehicle type approval\u2019 below\n\n- official receipts for the vehicle and any parts used\n\n- build plans\n\n- evidence that any \u2018reconditioned\u2019 part is to an \u2018as new\u2019 standard\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.\n\nSend your application to:\n\n## Vehicle type approval\n\nAll kit-built vehicles have to get type approval.\n\n## Get a current registration number\n\nYou can register a kit-built car, motorcycle or tricycle with a current registration number if you can prove it\u2019s all made from new parts supplied by the manufacturer.\n\nYou can also get a current registration number for a kit-built car, motorbike or tricycle built with one reconditioned part if:\n\n- you can show that the part has been reconditioned to an \u2018as new\u2019 standard, in line with the manufacturer\u2019s guidelines\n\n- the part is not the chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame\n\n## Get a Q registration number\n\nDVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number if you do not meet the conditions for getting a current registration number.\n\nYour vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a Q registration number.\n\n## Kit-converted vehicles\n\nYour vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.\n\nA kit-converted vehicle has had:\n\n- a kit of new parts added to an existing vehicle, or\n\n- old parts added to a new kit\n\nThe general appearance of the vehicle will change because of the kit.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include the following with your application:\n\n- form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019\n\n- the vehicle registration certificate for the original vehicle\n\n- evidence of type approval, if necessary \u2013 see \u2018Vehicle type approval\u2019 below\n\n- official receipts for any parts used\n\n- build plans\n\n- photographs of the vehicle\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.\n\nSend your application to:\n\n## Keep a vehicle\u2019s original registration number\n\nYou can apply to keep a kit converted vehicle\u2019s original registration number if you can prove you\u2019ve used 2 original major parts along with the original unmodified:\n\n- chassis (car or light van)\n\n- monocoque bodyshell (car or light van)\n\n- frame (motorbike)\n\n## Get an age-related registration number\n\nYou can apply for an age-related number if you can prove you\u2019ve used 2 original major parts along with:\n\n- a new monocoque bodyshell, chassis or frame from a specialist kit manufacturer\n\n- an altered chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame from the original vehicle\n\nThe registration number will be based on the age of the original vehicle.\n\nYour vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get an age-related registration number.\n\n## Get a Q registration number\n\nDVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number if you do not meet the conditions for getting an original or age-related registration number.\n\nYour vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a Q registration number.\n\nVehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.\n\n## Radically altered vehicles\n\nYour vehicle must comply with the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.\n\nRadically altered vehicles are vehicles that have been altered from their original specification, but are not kit conversions.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include the following with your application:\n\n- form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019\n\n- evidence of type approval, if necessary\n\n- the vehicle registration certificate\n\n- official receipts for any parts used\n\n- photographs of the vehicle\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure about what you need to provide.\n\nSend your application to:\n\n## Get a vehicle registration number\n\nDVLA uses a points system to decide what registration number to give a radically altered vehicle.\n\n## Keep the original registration number\n\nYour vehicle must have 8 or more points from the table below if you want to keep the original registration number. 5 of these points must come from having the original or new and unmodified chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame.\n\n| Part | Points |\n\n| Chassis, monocoque bodyshell (body and chassis as one unit) or frame - original or new and unmodified (direct from manufacturer) | 5 |\n\n| Suspension (front and back) - original | 2 |\n\n| Axles (both) - original | 2 |\n\n| Transmission - original | 2 |\n\n| Steering assembly - original | 2 |\n\n| Engine - original | 1 |\n\n## Get a \u2018Q\u2019 registration number\n\nYou will not be able to keep your vehicle\u2019s original registration number if one of the following applies:\n\n- it has fewer than 8 points\n\n- it has a second-hand or altered chassis, monocoque bodyshell or frame\n\n- there\u2019s evidence that 2 vehicles have been welded together to form one (ie \u2018cut and shut\u2019)\n\nYour vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number.\n\nVehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.\n\n## Old vehicles\n\nYour vehicle must meet the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.\n\nIf you have a classic vehicle that has not been taxed since 1983, it might not be registered with DVLA.\n\nIf this is the case and you want to register it, follow all the instructions for registering a vehicle for the first time.\n\n## Get your vehicle\u2019s original registration number\n\nYou may be able to register an old vehicle under its original registration number if either:\n\n- it\u2019s never been registered at DVLA\n\n- it has an age-related registration number\n\nTo do this, you\u2019ll have to:\n\n- follow the instructions for new registrations\n\n- fill in form V765 - \u2018Application to register a vehicle under its original registration number\u2019\n\n- get form V765 endorsed by a vehicle owners\u2019 club\n\n- provide a recent photo of the vehicle and documentary evidence that links it to the original number, for example the original log book\n\nSend the forms to \u2018K and R\u2019 at DVLA.\n\nK and R\nDVLA\nSA99 1ZZ\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nDVLA will issue a V5C registration certificate and give you either:\n\n- the original registration number - if this happens, you will not be allowed to transfer it or put it onto retention at a later date\n\n- another number appropriate to the age of the vehicle - if this is a non-suffix or prefix number, it will also be non-transferable\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nSend a completed V62 form and the RF60 form if you want to register a historic vehicle in Northern Ireland.\n\nDVLA will register the vehicle and issue a new V5C to the registered keeper. You should receive this within 4 weeks.\n\n## Reconstructed classic vehicles\n\nYour vehicle must comply with the road vehicles regulations if you use it on the road.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must follow all the instructions for registering a new vehicle.\n\nYou must include the following with your application:\n\n- written report from the appropriate vehicle owners\u2019 club\n\n- form V627/1 - \u2018Built up vehicle inspection report\u2019\n\n- evidence of type approval, if necessary\n\n- official receipts for any parts used\n\n## Get an age-related registration number\n\nDVLA can only recognise your vehicle as a reconstructed classic vehicle if it meets certain criteria. It must be:\n\n- built from genuine period components from more than one vehicle, all over 25 years old and of the same specification as the original vehicle\n\n- a true reflection of the marque\n\nThe appropriate vehicle owners\u2019 club for the vehicle type (\u2018marque\u2019) must inspect the vehicle and confirm in writing that it:\n\n- has been inspected\n\n- is a true reflection of the marque\n\n- is comprised of genuine period components all over 25 years old\n\nThey must also give manufacture dates for the major components.\n\nDVLA will assign an age-related registration number to the vehicle based on the youngest component used.\n\n## New or replica parts\n\nYour vehicle will not get an age-related registration number if it includes new or replica parts. DVLA will give your vehicle a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number. Your vehicle must pass the relevant type approval test to get a \u2018Q\u2019 prefix registration number.\n\nVehicles with a Certificate of Destruction (CoD) must never reappear as complete vehicles or be presented for registration, though some components may be recycled. You cannot keep the original registration or vehicle identification number.\n\n## Vehicle identification number\n\nAll vehicles registered in the UK must have a unique, stamped-in vehicle identification number (VIN) and registration number.\n\n## Find your VIN\n\nThe VIN is usually stamped into the chassis of the vehicle. It may be lost if you rebuild or modify your vehicle.\n\n## When you may need a new VIN or registration\n\nIf you have a kit car, rebuild, or radically altered vehicle, DVLA will usually have to assess it.\n\nYou may be able to keep its original registration number if you can prove the vehicle\u2019s original VIN. If you cannot, you\u2019ll have to apply for a replacement identity number.\n\nDVLA will give you an authorisation letter to get the vehicle stamped with the new VIN if your vehicle passes its assessment.\n\nYou then need to register the vehicle - you can only do this when DVLA receives confirmation it\u2019s been stamped with the correct VIN.\n\n## 'Q' registration numbers\n\nDVLA issues \u2018Q\u2019 registration numbers to vehicles whose age or identity is in doubt.\n\nIf this happens, any original vehicle registration number will become invalid and you must not display it again.\n\nTo get a \u2018Q\u2019 registration number, your vehicle has to pass a type approval process.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a vehicle which I have made modifications to. I have changed all of the major components to the car, but have maintained their original specifications and weights.", + "original_question": "Will I need to change the vehicle's registration number?" + }, + { + "id": "train-430", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle shipped a left hand drive car from Canada.He has registered and paid all the vehicle taxes.He wishes to use it in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Does he need to apply for certificate of mutual recognition?\n\nDocument - Importing vehicles into the UK:\n## How to import a vehicle\n\nYou must complete certain steps as soon as you bring a vehicle into the UK permanently.\n\nYou can pay an importer or shipping company to do them for you.\n\n- Tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 14 days that the vehicle has arrived in the UK.\n\n- Pay VAT and duty if HMRC tells you to.\n\n- Get vehicle approval to show your vehicle meets safety and environmental standards.\n\n- Register and tax the vehicle with DVLA - they\u2019ll give you a registration number so you can get number plates made up.\n\nYou must also insure your vehicle before you drive it on UK roads.\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you use your vehicle on a public road before you complete these steps, unless you\u2019re driving it to a pre-booked MOT or vehicle approval test.\n\nCommercial importers of new vehicles that use a secure registration scheme do not have to follow these steps.\n\n## Importing a damaged or modified vehicle\n\nIf your vehicle has been damaged or modified in another country, DVLA may:\n\n- give your vehicle a Q registration number\n\n- put a marker on your vehicle log book (V5C) - to show that your vehicle has been altered or assembled using different parts\n\n## Bringing your vehicle in or out of Northern Ireland\n\nIf you are a UK resident you can move your vehicle freely between Great Britain and Northern Ireland if all of the following apply:\n\n- it\u2019s registered in either country\n\n- you\u2019re not moving it to sell it, or for any other commercial purpose (for example, using the car as a taxi or hiring it to someone)\n\n- the car is for your own or your household\u2019s personal use\n\nFind out what to do if someone else is bringing your vehicle to Northern Ireland.\n\nTell DVLA about the change of address.\n\n## Visiting the UK with a vehicle\n\nFollow the rules for temporary imports instead if both of the following apply:\n\n- you do not usually live in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re bringing a vehicle to the UK for less than 6 months\n\n## Telling HMRC\n\nYou have 14 days to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) after you bring a vehicle into the UK permanently. You cannot register the vehicle until you\u2019ve done this.\n\nHow you tell HMRC will depend on:\n\n- if you\u2019re importing it to Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or to Northern Ireland\n\n- where you\u2019re importing it from\n\nYou may be fined if you\u2019re late telling HMRC.\n\nIf your vehicle has an engine of 48cc or less (7.2kw or less if it\u2019s electric), you can register it without telling HMRC first.\n\n## If you import a vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales\n\nHow you tell HMRC depends on whether you\u2019re VAT-registered.\n\n## If you\u2019re a VAT-registered company\n\nYou need to make an import declaration. You can use either the Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF) system or the Customs Declaration Service (CDS) system. You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to do this for you.\n\nYou may be able to delay making an import declaration for 6 months if you import a vehicle from the EU. This is called a delayed declaration.\n\nYou must tell HMRC about the imported vehicle by using the NOVA service within 14 days. You can use a spreadsheet if you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual\n\nYou need to make an import declaration using form C384. Send the completed form to HMRC by email.\n\nCurrently you cannot send an import declaration to HMRC by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to make the declaration for you.\n\nYou might qualify for relief from VAT and duty if you\u2019re:\n\n- moving to Great Britain (England, Scotland or Wales) (sometimes known as \u2018transfer of residence\u2019 or TOR) - if you qualify, apply for transfer of residence relief\n\n- returning an exported vehicle to the UK - if you qualify, declare the vehicle to claim relief\n\nContact the VAT helpline for a form if you\u2019re unable to use online services.\n\n## If you import a vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU\n\nTell HMRC by using the Notification of Vehicle Arrivals (NOVA) service.\n\nYou can use a spreadsheet if you\u2019re a VAT-registered business and you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.\n\n## If you import a vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the EU\n\nHow you tell HMRC depends on whether you\u2019re VAT-registered.\n\n## If you\u2019re a VAT-registered company\n\nYou need to make an import declaration. You can use either the Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF) system or the Customs Declaration Service (CDS) system. You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to do this for you.\n\nYou must then tell HMRC about the imported vehicle by using the NOVA service within 14 days. You can use a spreadsheet if you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual\n\nYou need to make an import declaration using form C384. Send the completed form to HMRC by email.\n\nCurrently you cannot send an import declaration to HMRC by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to make the declaration for you.\n\nYou might qualify for relief from VAT and duty if you\u2019re:\n\n- moving to Northern Ireland (sometimes known as \u2018transfer of residence\u2019 or TOR) - if you qualify, apply for transfer of residence relief\n\n- returning an exported vehicle to the UK - if you qualify, declare the vehicle to claim relief\n\nContact the VAT helpline for a form if you\u2019re unable to use online services.\n\n## After you tell HMRC\n\nHMRC will tell you:\n\n- if you have to pay VAT and duty\n\n- when your NOVA application has been processed - you cannot register your vehicle with DVLA until it is\n\nIf you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual, HMRC will make a NOVA application for you.\n\n## Paying VAT and duty\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you if you have to pay VAT or duty after you tell them you imported a vehicle.\n\nVAT is charged on the total cost of the vehicle, plus any:\n\n- accessories you bought with it\n\n- delivery and extra charges\n\n- duty\n\nDuty is charged on vehicles imported to:\n\n- England, Wales and Scotland from outside the UK\n\n- Northern Ireland from outside the UK or EU\n\nHMRC will tell you how much you have to pay.\n\nThe rates you\u2019re charged depend on the type of vehicle and where you imported it from. You can call the helpline to check rates.\n\nHow you pay depends on where you\u2019re importing the vehicle from.\n\n## If you imported the vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales from outside the UK\n\n| Why you imported it | What and how you pay |\n\n| You\u2019re moving to the UK with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re returning an exported vehicle to the UK | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re visiting the UK or the EU with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if it qualifies as a temporary import |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re not VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) and claim the VAT on your next VAT Return |\n\nYou must pay any VAT and duty before you can release the vehicle from customs or register it.\n\n## If you imported the vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU\n\nVAT is usually only charged on vehicles that are new. A vehicle is new if either:\n\n- it\u2019s been driven less than 6,000km (about 3,728 miles)\n\n- it\u2019s been in use for no more than 6 months\n\nIf you\u2019re VAT registered, you need to account for any VAT you\u2019ve paid on your next VAT return.\n\nIf you\u2019re not registered for VAT or you\u2019re a private individual, you need to pay HMRC directly before you can register your vehicle.\n\n## Paying HMRC directly\n\nUse online or telephone banking to pay HMRC by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 00 | 12000903 | HMRC Indirect Miscellaneous |\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB20 BARC 2005 1730 3364 91 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Indirect Miscellaneous |\n\nUse your 13-character NOVA notification reference number when you pay. You can find it on the:\n\n- email HMRC sent you if you used the NOVA service\n\n- payment notice HMRC sent you\n\nDo not put any spaces between the characters in your reference number.\n\nRead more about paying VAT on a car you\u2019ve imported.\n\n## Reclaiming VAT\n\nIf you have to declare VAT to HMRC, you can reclaim any VAT you paid in the EU. Send the Certificate of VAT you get from HMRC to the person who sold you the vehicle.\n\n## If you imported the vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the UK and EU\n\n| Why you imported it | What and how you pay |\n\n| You\u2019re moving to the UK with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re returning an exported vehicle to the UK | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re visiting the UK or the EU with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if it qualifies as a temporary import |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re not VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) and claim the VAT on your next VAT Return |\n\n## Getting vehicle approval\n\nGet vehicle approval to show that your imported vehicle meets environmental and safety regulations. You\u2019ll need proof of approval to register the vehicle.\n\nYou might not need approval for a vehicle that was first registered or manufactured more than 10 years ago - check the exemptions.\n\n## If the vehicle\u2019s not registered in the EU\n\nTo get approval for a vehicle that\u2019s not registered in the EU, apply for either:\n\n- Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)\n\n- Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA) if it\u2019s a 2, 3 or smaller 4-wheeled vehicle\n\n## If the vehicle\u2019s registered in the EU\n\nGet a European Certificate of Conformity from the manufacturer to show you have approval for an EU-registered vehicle.\n\nYou also have to get a certificate of Mutual Recognition if it\u2019s a left hand drive vehicle.\n\n## Getting a certificate of Mutual Recognition\n\nUse the application form for your:\n\n- motorcycle\n\n- car\n\n- van or light goods vehicle\n\n- motorhome\n\nApply for IVA instead for a lorry or goods vehicle over 3,500kg.\n\nThere\u2019s a \u00a3100 fee. Send your application to the address on the form. Attach receipts to prove you\u2019ve made any required alterations, for example fitting a speedometer to display miles per hour.\n\n## Get help with Mutual Recognition\n\nContact the Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA) if you\u2019re unsure whether your vehicle qualifies for Mutual Recognition.\n\n## Registering an imported vehicle\n\nYou must register any vehicle you bring into the UK permanently. You cannot register before you do all of the following:\n\n- tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) you imported the vehicle and get confirmation that your NOVA application is processed\n\n- pay VAT and duty if HMRC tells you to\n\n- get proof of vehicle approval\n\nYou also tax the vehicle when you register it with DVLA - there\u2019s a \u00a355 fee.\n\n## How to register\n\nFollow the instructions for registering a vehicle to fill in your forms and send supporting documents.\n\nYou must also send extra supporting documents for an imported vehicle.\n\nDVLA might ask to inspect the vehicle.\n\n## Extra supporting documents for imported vehicles\n\nYou must send the following original documents:\n\n- proof of vehicle approval\n\n- form V267 (sometimes called the \u2018declaration of newness\u2019) if you\u2019re registering a new vehicle\n\n- evidence showing the date the vehicle was collected, for example the invoice from the supplier\n\n- the original foreign registration certificate to show when the vehicle was manufactured (you will not get this back)\n\nIf you do not have the original foreign registration certificate, DVLA might accept other proof of the manufacture date, for example a letter from the manufacturer or a vehicle enthusiast club.\n\nDo not send photocopies or faxed copies.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) it will take longer than usual for your registration certificate (V5C) to arrive.\n\nYou need the V5C to get number plates made up.\n\n## Temporary imports\n\nYou can usually use a vehicle with foreign number plates without registering or taxing it in the UK if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re visiting and do not plan to live here\n\n- the vehicle is registered and taxed in its home country\n\n- you only use the vehicle for up to 6 months in total - this can be a single visit, or several shorter visits over 12 months\n\nYou will need to register your vehicle if you want to move it between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you become a resident or stay for longer than 6 months you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.\n\n## If you bring a vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales\n\nYou do not pay VAT or duty on a vehicle if you temporarily import it and all of the following apply:\n\n- it\u2019s for your own private use\n\n- you\u2019re not a UK resident\n\n- you do not sell, lend or hire it within the UK\n\n- you re-export it from the UK within 6 months - or longer if you\u2019re eligible to use foreign number plates for longer\n\nClaim relief by filling in form C110 and taking your vehicle through the \u2018nothing to declare\u2019 channel when you arrive in the UK.\n\n## Using foreign number plates for longer than 6 months\n\nYou might be able to use a vehicle with foreign number plates for longer than 6 months if all of the following apply:\n\n- you normally live outside the UK\n\n- you\u2019re in the UK for a set period as a student or worker\n\n- you claim relief from VAT and duty\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give you a customs relief form when you claim relief \u2013 show it to police if you\u2019re stopped when driving the vehicle.\n\nIf you stay after your customs relief expires you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.\n\n## If you do not qualify for relief\n\nIf HMRC says your vehicle must be registered and taxed in the UK, contact the imports and exports helpline.\n\n## If you bring a vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU\n\nYou will not have to pay VAT or duty if you bring your own vehicle from the EU.\n\nCall the imports and exports helpline if you have questions about bringing a vehicle from the EU for less than 6 months.\n\n## If you bring a vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the EU\n\nYou do not pay VAT or duty on a vehicle if you temporarily import it and all of the following apply:\n\n- it\u2019s for your own private use\n\n- you\u2019re not a UK resident\n\n- you do not sell, lend or hire it within the UK\n\n- you re-export it from the UK within 6 months - or longer if you\u2019re eligible to use foreign number plates for longer\n\nClaim relief by filling in form C110 and taking your vehicle through the \u2018nothing to declare\u2019 channel when you arrive in the UK.\n\n## Using foreign number plates for longer than 6 months\n\nYou might be able to use a vehicle with foreign number plates for longer than 6 months if all of the following apply:\n\n- you normally live outside the UK\n\n- you\u2019re in the UK for a set period as a student or worker\n\n- you claim relief from VAT and duty\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give you a customs relief form when you claim relief \u2013 show it to police if you\u2019re stopped when driving the vehicle.\n\nIf you stay after your customs relief expires you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.\n\n## If you do not qualify for relief\n\nIf HMRC says your vehicle must be registered and taxed in the UK, contact the imports and exports helpline.\n\n## If you\u2019re stopped by the police\n\nYou must show police that you can use the vehicle in the UK without taxing and registering it here, for example proof:\n\n- of the time you\u2019ve been in the UK (such as a ferry ticket)\n\n- that your vehicle\u2019s eligible for relief from VAT and duty (such as a customs relief form)\n\n## When you need Q number plates\n\nYou must get temporary Q number plates from DVLA if you visit the UK for up to 6 months and either:\n\n- your number plates display numbers or letters that are not identifiable in the UK, for example Arabic script\n\n- your vehicle is not registered in its home country\n\nContact DVLA if you have to get temporary Q number plates.\n\n## Before you get Q number plates\n\nYou must claim relief from VAT and duty before you can get temporary Q number plates.\n\nTo claim relief, fill in form C110 after the car arrives in the UK and send it to the NTAS team to have it stamped.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/importing-vehicles-into-the-uk", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle shipped a left hand drive car from Canada.He has registered and paid all the vehicle taxes.He wishes to use it in the UK.", + "original_question": "Does he need to apply for certificate of mutual recognition?" + }, + { + "id": "train-431", + "question": "Scenario: I am an experienced rider having passed my test 15 years ago. I also obtained an advanced riding qualification from a motorcycle club. I have a caution for violent behaviour from when I was a teenager.\n\nQuestion: Will the historic caution for violence 20 years ago be a bar from passing on my riding skills officially as a DAS instructor?\n\nDocument - Become a direct access scheme (DAS) motorcycle instructor:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.\n\nAll provisional licence holders training on a motorbike over 125cc and 11kW power output must be trained by a qualified DAS instructor.\n\n## Rules for becoming a DAS instructor\n\nTo become a DAS certified instructor you must have a driving licence from either:\n\n- Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- the EU or EEA - but you must register it\n first\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be 21 or over\n\n- have had a full category A2 or A motorcycle licence for at least 3 years\n\n- have passed the 2-day assessment to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor\n\nYou\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.\n\n## When you qualify\n\nWhen you pass you\u2019ll be able to give DAS training.\n\n## How to book your assessment\n\nThe direct access scheme (DAS) instructor assessment lasts for half a day. You can book a:\n\n- morning assessment, which starts at 8:30am\n\n- afternoon assessment, which starts at 1pm\n\nFill in the application form to book your assessment and send it to the address on the form. There\u2019s no charge for the assessment.\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact you to arrange a date after checking your application.\n\nYour application will be valid for 6 months.\n\n## If you cannot go to your assessment\n\nTell DVSA by email if you cannot attend your assessment.\n\nYou must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\n## Preparing for the assessment\n\nStudy the training guidance before you take the assessment.\n\nSign up for email alerts to be told when the guidance is updated.\n\n## Other preparation\n\nYou should also study the following official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) publications:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Learning to Ride\n\n- Riding - the Essential Skills\n\n- Theory Test for Motorcyclists\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to bring to your assessment\n\nYou need to bring:\n\n- your valid driving licence\n\n- your CBT1 card\n\n- your joining instructions\n\n- a fully taxed and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW\n\n- a full-face safety helmet\n\nIf you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.\n\nYour assessment will be cancelled if you do not bring these.\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to bring relevant training aids and preparation material with you.\n\n## What the assessment involves\n\nThere are 3 main sessions in the direct access scheme (DAS) instructor assessment. You\u2019ll get a full explanation before the assessment starts.\n\n## Session 1 - theory\n\nThis session lasts around 15 minutes. The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) assessor will play the role of a rider who:\n\n- has done their compulsory basic training (CBT) on a 125cc motorcycle\n\n- is new to riding larger and more powerful motorcycles\n\nYou have to show and tell them the main differences between large motorcycles and the smaller motorcycles used for CBT. You\u2019ll do this alongside the motorcycle.\n\n## Session 2 - on-site handling assessment\n\nIn this session of the assessment you\u2019ll be given the scenario of a rider who has:\n\n- already taken CBT\n\n- difficulties in the basic control of a large motorcycle when riding it on private land\n\nYou have to:\n\n- decide how to overcome the difficulties\n\n- give instruction to develop the rider\u2019s basic skills off-road\n\nThe scenario will include 2 of the following riding skills requiring attention:\n\n- moving off and stopping the bike\n\n- controlled braking\n\n- gear-changing\n\n- slow riding skills\n\n- slow controlled turning (similar to the \u2018figure of 8\u2019 exercise on CBT)\n\n## Session 3 - on-road assessments\n\nThis session of the assessment will last for around 1 hour 30 minutes. The assessor will play the part of a trainee.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to give 3 on-road lessons during this session.\n\nThe assessor will select the lessons from:\n\n- positioning in normal riding and dealing with bends\n\n- negotiating left and right turns at junctions\n\n- dealing with different types of crossroads\n\n- dealing with town centre riding\n\n- negotiating roundabouts\n\n- dealing with dual carriageways\n\n- dealing with other traffic safely when following behind and overtaking other vehicles\n\n- moving off from all positions\n\n- riding in areas with a national speed limit\n\n- joining and leaving dual carriageways and following behind other traffic\n\n- dealing with overtaking, meeting, filtering and leaving enough clearance to stationary vehicles\n\n- moving off, the emergency stop exercise, u-turn exercises (pushing and riding) and taking the motorcycle on and off the stand\n\n## During the on-road assessments\n\nDuring the ride you\u2019ll be expected to:\n\n- give any instruction you feel necessary\n\n- correct any riding faults that may occur\n\nYou can ask the trainee to pull up so that you can give face-to-face instruction or guidance.\n\n## Your assessment result\n\nYou\u2019ll be given your result and a debrief at the end of the assessment by the assessor. You\u2019ll be sent confirmation of your result by post.\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to tell your approved training body your result.\n\n## Passing the assessment\n\nIf you pass, fill in Form 4 to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to give details of any motoring or non-motoring offences you\u2019ve got within the last 4 years on your application form. These will be taken into account when DVSA assesses your suitability to be authorised.\n\nYou are not allowed to conduct DAS courses until you\u2019ve got your registration certificate.\n\n## Failing the assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent another DAS assessment application form if you do not pass so you can book again if you want to.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-direct-access-scheme-motorcycle-instructor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an experienced rider having passed my test 15 years ago. I also obtained an advanced riding qualification from a motorcycle club. I have a caution for violent behaviour from when I was a teenager.", + "original_question": "Will the historic caution for violence 20 years ago be a bar from passing on my riding skills officially as a DAS instructor?" + }, + { + "id": "train-433", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 31 year old from London and I have a motorcycle practical test booked for in a few weeks time but I have lost my theory test certificate.\n\nQuestion: Can I get a new certificate?\n\nDocument - Motorcycle and moped tests:\n## Booking your tests\n\nAfter you\u2019ve passed your theory test you\u2019ll also need to pass:\n\n- an off-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 1 test\u2019)\n\n- an on-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 2 test\u2019)\n\nNormally, you can book the riding tests separately or at the same time, but you must pass the module 1 test before you take the module 2 test. There\u2019s a different fee for each module.\n\n## Motorcycle and moped tests and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWear a face covering at the start and end of the test (when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner). If you cannot wear a face covering, you must tell DVSA when booking your appointment.\n\nYou can cancel your test appointment and get a refund if you cannot or do not want to attend because of COVID-19. Your instructor will need to cancel your test for you if they booked it.\n\n## What you need to do to pass the tests\n\nTo pass the riding tests you must be able to:\n\n- ride safely in different road and traffic conditions\n\n- show that you know The Highway Code by the way you ride\n\nThe national standard for riding mopeds and motorcycles tells you everything that you must be able to do to pass the tests.\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your tests.\n\n## What to take to your tests\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your UK photocard driving licence\n\n- your theory test pass certificate\n\n- a moped or motorbike\n\n- your compulsory basic training (CBT) certificate - unless you\u2019re taking the test to upgrade your full motorcycle licence\n\n- your module 1 test pass certificate - if you\u2019re taking your module 2 test\n\n- a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Clothing\n\nYou must wear:\n\n- a motorcycle helmet that meets British safety standards (unless you\u2019re Sikh and wearing a turban)\n\n- motorcycle boots or other sturdy footwear that supports and protects your ankles\n\n- textile or leather motorcycle trousers or heavy denim trousers\n\n- a textile or leather motorcycle jacket or a heavy denim jacket with several layers underneath\n\n- motorcycle gloves\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering at the start and end of the test when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nIf you cannot wear a face covering at the start and end of the test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nYou should rearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time. You must do this at least 3 working days before your test date or you\u2019ll have to pay again.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nYou must bring a valid passport and your paper licence if you do not have a photocard driving licence.\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nYou must bring the photocard and paper counterpart if you have a licence from Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate\n\nContact DVSA with your:\n\n- name\n\n- address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- driving licence number\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter that you can take to your test instead of your pass certificate.\n\n## Motorcycles and mopeds you can use for the tests\n\nThe motorcycle or moped you use for your tests must:\n\n- be a solo machine - you can only use a sidecar if you have certain disabilities\n\n- have a speedometer measuring speed in miles per hour (mph)\n\n- display L plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear\n\n- be insured, taxed and roadworthy and have no engine warning lights showing\n\nRead the list of A2 and A motorcycles that can be used for riding tests.\n\n## Subcategories of motorcycles and mopeds\n\nThere are 4 subcategories of mopeds and motorcycles.\n\nIn both modules of the test, you must use:\n\n- the same subcategory as the licence you\u2019re applying for\n\n- a vehicle with the same type of transmission (manual, automatic or semi-automatic)\n\n| | Moped, tricycle or quad bike | Light motorcycle | Standard motorcycle | Unrestricted motorcycle |\n\n| Licence category | AM | A1 | A2 | A |\n\n| Minimum age of rider | 16 | 17 | 19 | 24 (direct access) or 21 (progressive access) |\n\n| Engine capacity | Up to 50cc | 120 to 125cc | At least 395cc | At least 595cc |\n\n| Maximum speed | Up to 28mph | 55mph or above | - | - |\n\n| Engine power | Up to 4kW | Up to 11kW | 20 to 35kW | At least 50kW |\n\n| Motorcycle weight (without rider) | - | - | - | At least 175kg |\n\n| Power to weight ratio | - | Up to 0.1kW/kg | Up to 0.2 kW/kg | - |\n\n## Automatic and semi-automatic motorcycles\n\nIf you pass your tests on a motorcycle with automatic or semi-automatic transmission, you\u2019ll only get a licence for those types of motorcycle.\n\n## Engines with restricted power\n\nYou can restrict the engine power of a motorcycle so that it fits within subcategory A2 (20 to 35kW). You cannot restrict it below half its original power.\n\nThis means that if the unrestricted power of the motorcycle is 60kW, you cannot restrict it any lower than 30kW. A motorcycle\u2019s unrestricted power must not be more than 70kW.\n\nYou must bring proof if you\u2019ve restricted a motorcycle to subcategory A2 - if you do not your test will be cancelled.\n\nThe proof must:\n\n- be on headed paper\n\n- be from a main dealer, official importer or recognised specialist\n\n- show the motorcycle\u2019s number plate (registration number)\n\nYou cannot use a dyno test certificate as proof of the restriction.\n\n## Motorcycles with variable power modes\n\nIf you use a switchable engine control unit (ECU) or variable power device, your motorcycle cannot have:\n\n- interchangeable carburettor heads\n\n- an exhaust manifold restrictor\n\n- a hidden ECU - it must be clear what power mode the motorcycle is in\n\n## Electric motorcycles\n\nYou can use an electric motorcycle or moped if it both:\n\n- has the same engine power as the petrol version\n\n- can keep that power for at least 30 minutes\n\nThis is known as the \u2018continuous power rating\u2019 - you can check this with the manufacturer.\n\n## If you have a disability\n\nYou can use a motorcycle with a sidecar for your tests if you have certain disabilities. You cannot have a passenger in the sidecar during the tests.\n\nYour licence will only let you ride motorcycles with sidecars.\n\nYou might be able to use a different vehicle if you\u2019re disabled - contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test.\n\n## Module 1 off-road test: what happens\n\nYou\u2019ll take the module 1 test in an off-road motorcycle manoeuvring area.\n\nThe test normally takes about 20 minutes and includes:\n\n- wheeling the moped or motorcycle and using the stand\n\n- riding a slalom and figure of 8\n\n- a slow ride\n\n- a U-turn\n\n- cornering and a controlled stop\n\n- cornering and an emergency stop\n\n- cornering and hazard avoidance\n\nFor the hazard avoidance and emergency stop exercises you must ride at a minimum speed of:\n\n- 19 mph on a moped\n\n- 31 mph on a motorcycle\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 1 at the end of the test.\n\nThe examiner will make a note of:\n\n- dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- serious faults - these are potentially dangerous\n\n- riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake\n\nYou\u2019ll pass module 1 if you make:\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n- no more than 5 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate - you need to take this to the module 2 test\n\nIf you\u2019re upgrading your licence through \u2018progressive access\u2019, you must pass module 2 within 6 months. You have to pass module 1 again if you do not.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another module 1 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked the module 2 test you might need to change the date, since you must pass module 1 before you can take module 2.\n\nYou\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not give 3 full days\u2019 notice to cancel your module 2 test. Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\n## Module 2 on-road test: what happens\n\nYou must pass module 1 before you can take the module 2 test.\n\nYou can book both modules at the same time, but if you do not pass module 1 you must wait 3 working days before you can retake it.\n\nThe module 2 test normally takes about 40 minutes and includes:\n\n- an eyesight check\n\n- \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions\n\n- road riding\n\n- independent riding\n\nYou must bring your module 1 pass certificate to the module 2 test, plus all the documents you had to bring to the module 1 test.\n\n## Eyesight check\n\nYou\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.\n\nYou\u2019ll fail your riding test if you fail the eyesight check.\n\n## \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions. These test that you know how to carry out basic safety checks.\n\n## Road riding\n\nYou\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways. You\u2019ll be asked to carry out:\n\n- normal stops\n\n- an angle start (pulling out from behind a parked vehicle)\n\n- a hill start (where possible)\n\nThe examiner will give you directions using a radio. They\u2019ll normally follow you on a motorcycle.\n\nDriving test routes are not published, so you can not check them before your test.\n\n## Independent riding\n\nYou\u2019ll have about 10 minutes of independent riding. This is designed to assess your ability to ride safely while making your own decisions.\n\nYou can ask the examiner to repeat the directions if you forget them - you will not fail the test if you go off the route. You can not use sat nav.\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 2 at the end of the test.\n\nThe examiner will make a note of:\n\n- dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- serious faults - these are potentially dangerous\n\n- riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake\n\nYou\u2019ll pass module 2 if you make:\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n- no more than 10 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass your test\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate\n\n- ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this\n\nYou can start riding without L plates straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.\n\nContact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou have to book another module 2 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there\u2019s bad weather\n\nYour riding test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your vehicle, or for other reasons.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nRiding tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, for example when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is in your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your vehicle\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your vehicle, for example if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules\n\n## Your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty\n\nWhen you book your tests you should say if you have a:\n\n- disability\n\n- learning difficulty\n\n- health condition\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to ride to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.\n\nIf your health condition or disability means you cannot wear a face covering to your test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nThe examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.\n\nThe examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.\n\n## Using a sign language interpreter\n\nYou can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.\n\nYour motorcycle instructor can be your interpreter.\n\nYou need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge.\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nYou\u2019ll do an eyesight check at the start of the module 2 test. The examiner will ask you to read the number plate on a parked vehicle.\n\nYou can write down what you see if you have reading difficulties.\n\n## You have learning difficulties\n\nThe examiner will make adjustments for the independent riding part of the module 2 test if you have learning difficulties.\n\nThey might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of verbal directions.\n\nYou might be able to choose to follow a set of directions using a diagram. You\u2019ll normally be asked to follow up to 3 directions at a time, but the examiner can reduce this to 2 at a time.\n\n## You\u2019re pregnant\n\nYou can take the tests at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to:\n\n- do an emergency stop\n\n- manually handle and wheel the motorcycle\n\n- do the cornering and hazard avoidance exercise", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 31 year old from London and I have a motorcycle practical test booked for in a few weeks time but I have lost my theory test certificate.", + "original_question": "Can I get a new certificate?" + }, + { + "id": "train-434", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 42 year old from Kent and I have a motorcycle test next week but I only have an electric motorcycle.\n\nQuestion: Can this be used to the test?\n\nDocument - Motorcycle and moped tests:\n## Booking your tests\n\nAfter you\u2019ve passed your theory test you\u2019ll also need to pass:\n\n- an off-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 1 test\u2019)\n\n- an on-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 2 test\u2019)\n\nNormally, you can book the riding tests separately or at the same time, but you must pass the module 1 test before you take the module 2 test. There\u2019s a different fee for each module.\n\n## Motorcycle and moped tests and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWear a face covering at the start and end of the test (when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner). If you cannot wear a face covering, you must tell DVSA when booking your appointment.\n\nYou can cancel your test appointment and get a refund if you cannot or do not want to attend because of COVID-19. Your instructor will need to cancel your test for you if they booked it.\n\n## What you need to do to pass the tests\n\nTo pass the riding tests you must be able to:\n\n- ride safely in different road and traffic conditions\n\n- show that you know The Highway Code by the way you ride\n\nThe national standard for riding mopeds and motorcycles tells you everything that you must be able to do to pass the tests.\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your tests.\n\n## What to take to your tests\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your UK photocard driving licence\n\n- your theory test pass certificate\n\n- a moped or motorbike\n\n- your compulsory basic training (CBT) certificate - unless you\u2019re taking the test to upgrade your full motorcycle licence\n\n- your module 1 test pass certificate - if you\u2019re taking your module 2 test\n\n- a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Clothing\n\nYou must wear:\n\n- a motorcycle helmet that meets British safety standards (unless you\u2019re Sikh and wearing a turban)\n\n- motorcycle boots or other sturdy footwear that supports and protects your ankles\n\n- textile or leather motorcycle trousers or heavy denim trousers\n\n- a textile or leather motorcycle jacket or a heavy denim jacket with several layers underneath\n\n- motorcycle gloves\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering at the start and end of the test when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nIf you cannot wear a face covering at the start and end of the test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nYou should rearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time. You must do this at least 3 working days before your test date or you\u2019ll have to pay again.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nYou must bring a valid passport and your paper licence if you do not have a photocard driving licence.\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nYou must bring the photocard and paper counterpart if you have a licence from Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate\n\nContact DVSA with your:\n\n- name\n\n- address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- driving licence number\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter that you can take to your test instead of your pass certificate.\n\n## Motorcycles and mopeds you can use for the tests\n\nThe motorcycle or moped you use for your tests must:\n\n- be a solo machine - you can only use a sidecar if you have certain disabilities\n\n- have a speedometer measuring speed in miles per hour (mph)\n\n- display L plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear\n\n- be insured, taxed and roadworthy and have no engine warning lights showing\n\nRead the list of A2 and A motorcycles that can be used for riding tests.\n\n## Subcategories of motorcycles and mopeds\n\nThere are 4 subcategories of mopeds and motorcycles.\n\nIn both modules of the test, you must use:\n\n- the same subcategory as the licence you\u2019re applying for\n\n- a vehicle with the same type of transmission (manual, automatic or semi-automatic)\n\n| | Moped, tricycle or quad bike | Light motorcycle | Standard motorcycle | Unrestricted motorcycle |\n\n| Licence category | AM | A1 | A2 | A |\n\n| Minimum age of rider | 16 | 17 | 19 | 24 (direct access) or 21 (progressive access) |\n\n| Engine capacity | Up to 50cc | 120 to 125cc | At least 395cc | At least 595cc |\n\n| Maximum speed | Up to 28mph | 55mph or above | - | - |\n\n| Engine power | Up to 4kW | Up to 11kW | 20 to 35kW | At least 50kW |\n\n| Motorcycle weight (without rider) | - | - | - | At least 175kg |\n\n| Power to weight ratio | - | Up to 0.1kW/kg | Up to 0.2 kW/kg | - |\n\n## Automatic and semi-automatic motorcycles\n\nIf you pass your tests on a motorcycle with automatic or semi-automatic transmission, you\u2019ll only get a licence for those types of motorcycle.\n\n## Engines with restricted power\n\nYou can restrict the engine power of a motorcycle so that it fits within subcategory A2 (20 to 35kW). You cannot restrict it below half its original power.\n\nThis means that if the unrestricted power of the motorcycle is 60kW, you cannot restrict it any lower than 30kW. A motorcycle\u2019s unrestricted power must not be more than 70kW.\n\nYou must bring proof if you\u2019ve restricted a motorcycle to subcategory A2 - if you do not your test will be cancelled.\n\nThe proof must:\n\n- be on headed paper\n\n- be from a main dealer, official importer or recognised specialist\n\n- show the motorcycle\u2019s number plate (registration number)\n\nYou cannot use a dyno test certificate as proof of the restriction.\n\n## Motorcycles with variable power modes\n\nIf you use a switchable engine control unit (ECU) or variable power device, your motorcycle cannot have:\n\n- interchangeable carburettor heads\n\n- an exhaust manifold restrictor\n\n- a hidden ECU - it must be clear what power mode the motorcycle is in\n\n## Electric motorcycles\n\nYou can use an electric motorcycle or moped if it both:\n\n- has the same engine power as the petrol version\n\n- can keep that power for at least 30 minutes\n\nThis is known as the \u2018continuous power rating\u2019 - you can check this with the manufacturer.\n\n## If you have a disability\n\nYou can use a motorcycle with a sidecar for your tests if you have certain disabilities. You cannot have a passenger in the sidecar during the tests.\n\nYour licence will only let you ride motorcycles with sidecars.\n\nYou might be able to use a different vehicle if you\u2019re disabled - contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test.\n\n## Module 1 off-road test: what happens\n\nYou\u2019ll take the module 1 test in an off-road motorcycle manoeuvring area.\n\nThe test normally takes about 20 minutes and includes:\n\n- wheeling the moped or motorcycle and using the stand\n\n- riding a slalom and figure of 8\n\n- a slow ride\n\n- a U-turn\n\n- cornering and a controlled stop\n\n- cornering and an emergency stop\n\n- cornering and hazard avoidance\n\nFor the hazard avoidance and emergency stop exercises you must ride at a minimum speed of:\n\n- 19 mph on a moped\n\n- 31 mph on a motorcycle\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 1 at the end of the test.\n\nThe examiner will make a note of:\n\n- dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- serious faults - these are potentially dangerous\n\n- riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake\n\nYou\u2019ll pass module 1 if you make:\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n- no more than 5 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate - you need to take this to the module 2 test\n\nIf you\u2019re upgrading your licence through \u2018progressive access\u2019, you must pass module 2 within 6 months. You have to pass module 1 again if you do not.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another module 1 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked the module 2 test you might need to change the date, since you must pass module 1 before you can take module 2.\n\nYou\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not give 3 full days\u2019 notice to cancel your module 2 test. Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\n## Module 2 on-road test: what happens\n\nYou must pass module 1 before you can take the module 2 test.\n\nYou can book both modules at the same time, but if you do not pass module 1 you must wait 3 working days before you can retake it.\n\nThe module 2 test normally takes about 40 minutes and includes:\n\n- an eyesight check\n\n- \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions\n\n- road riding\n\n- independent riding\n\nYou must bring your module 1 pass certificate to the module 2 test, plus all the documents you had to bring to the module 1 test.\n\n## Eyesight check\n\nYou\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.\n\nYou\u2019ll fail your riding test if you fail the eyesight check.\n\n## \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions. These test that you know how to carry out basic safety checks.\n\n## Road riding\n\nYou\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways. You\u2019ll be asked to carry out:\n\n- normal stops\n\n- an angle start (pulling out from behind a parked vehicle)\n\n- a hill start (where possible)\n\nThe examiner will give you directions using a radio. They\u2019ll normally follow you on a motorcycle.\n\nDriving test routes are not published, so you can not check them before your test.\n\n## Independent riding\n\nYou\u2019ll have about 10 minutes of independent riding. This is designed to assess your ability to ride safely while making your own decisions.\n\nYou can ask the examiner to repeat the directions if you forget them - you will not fail the test if you go off the route. You can not use sat nav.\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 2 at the end of the test.\n\nThe examiner will make a note of:\n\n- dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- serious faults - these are potentially dangerous\n\n- riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake\n\nYou\u2019ll pass module 2 if you make:\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n- no more than 10 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass your test\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate\n\n- ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this\n\nYou can start riding without L plates straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.\n\nContact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou have to book another module 2 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there\u2019s bad weather\n\nYour riding test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your vehicle, or for other reasons.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nRiding tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, for example when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is in your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your vehicle\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your vehicle, for example if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules\n\n## Your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty\n\nWhen you book your tests you should say if you have a:\n\n- disability\n\n- learning difficulty\n\n- health condition\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to ride to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.\n\nIf your health condition or disability means you cannot wear a face covering to your test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nThe examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.\n\nThe examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.\n\n## Using a sign language interpreter\n\nYou can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.\n\nYour motorcycle instructor can be your interpreter.\n\nYou need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge.\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nYou\u2019ll do an eyesight check at the start of the module 2 test. The examiner will ask you to read the number plate on a parked vehicle.\n\nYou can write down what you see if you have reading difficulties.\n\n## You have learning difficulties\n\nThe examiner will make adjustments for the independent riding part of the module 2 test if you have learning difficulties.\n\nThey might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of verbal directions.\n\nYou might be able to choose to follow a set of directions using a diagram. You\u2019ll normally be asked to follow up to 3 directions at a time, but the examiner can reduce this to 2 at a time.\n\n## You\u2019re pregnant\n\nYou can take the tests at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to:\n\n- do an emergency stop\n\n- manually handle and wheel the motorcycle\n\n- do the cornering and hazard avoidance exercise", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 42 year old from Kent and I have a motorcycle test next week but I only have an electric motorcycle.", + "original_question": "Can this be used to the test?" + }, + { + "id": "train-438", + "question": "Scenario: We are a local education authority in England. We operate a bus service to pick some of the students and not for public service\n\nQuestion: Do we have to register to run as a local bus service ?\n\nDocument - Run a local bus service:\n## Overview\n\nA local bus service uses public service vehicles (PSVs) to carry passengers who pay separate fares over short distances.\n\nThe route can be any length, as long as passengers can get off within 15 miles (measured in a straight line) of where they got on.\n\nYou must usually register with the local authority and the local traffic commissioner if you\u2019re operating a local service outside London - there are some exceptions.\n\nYou need a London Service Permit to run a service in London.\n\n## Who can register\n\nYou can register a local bus service if you:\n\n- hold a valid PSV operator\u2019s licence\n\n- hold a community bus permit\n\n- are a local education authority and want to provide a local service using a school bus belonging to you\n\nTaxi or private hire vehicle owners can also register by getting a special PSV operator\u2019s licence.\n\n## Before you register\n\nBefore registering a local bus service you should consider if:\n\n- your route is suitable\n\n- you have the right sort of vehicles\n\n- you can keep to the timetable given the traffic conditions on route\n\n- you have enough drivers to cover absences though sicknesses, holidays, etc\n\n- you have replacement vehicles if other vehicles are off-road\n\n- there are any traffic regulation conditions \u2013 contact your local traffic area office\n\n- a Quality Partnership or Quality Contract Scheme exists - contact your local transport authority\n\nYou must run the service just as you have registered it, even if staff members are ill or a vehicle is off the road. There are penalties if you do not.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re starting a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\nApply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service starts - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.\n\nThis notice period begins on the day when the traffic commissioner accepts your application.\n\nHolders of a \u2018Section 22\u2019 community bus permit must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice in England and Wales, and 56 days in Scotland.\n\nIf you want to start the service sooner you must complete a supplementary form. The traffic commissioner decides whether or not to agree to this.\n\nIf you\u2019re planning a service in Strathclyde, you must also give notice to the Strathclyde Partnership for Transport 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a360 to register a local bus service\n\n- \u00a313 to register a community bus service\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can register through the electronic bus service registration (EBSR) system. Telephone the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) helpline for information on how to do this.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nPrint off and fill in the application form for the type of service you want to run:\n\n- PSV350 - application to register a bus service (England, Wales and Scotland)\n\n- Application to register a local bus service with a flexible route\n\n- PSV350A - supplementary form: application to start, change or cancel a registered bus service with less than 56 days\u2019 notice (England, Wales and Scotland)\n\n## Where to send the form\n\nSend the form and fees to:\n\n- Central Licensing Office - for England and Wales (except London)\n\n- Office of the Traffic Commissioner \u2013 for Scotland\n\n## Other people you must tell\n\nYou must also send copies to:\n\n- all councils your route passes through - for example the county council, shire council, unitary authority\n\n- the relevant Passenger Transport Executive if there is one\n\n## Getting help\n\nRead the following guides for more information on:\n\n- local bus service registration: guide for operators (England, Scotland and Wales)\n\n- the registration of flexibly routed local bus services: guide for operators\n\n## Change or cancel a bus service\n\nApply to the local authority and the traffic commissioner if you want to:\n\n- change a timetable, route or other detail of your service\n\n- cancel the service\n\nYou must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re changing or cancelling a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\nApply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service changes or stops - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.\n\nHolders of a section 22 community bus permit must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice in England and Wales, and 56 days in Scotland.\n\nIf you want to make the changes or cancel the service sooner, you must fill in a supplementary form (England, Scotland or Wales). The traffic commissioner decides whether or not to agree to this.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a360 to change a local bus service\n\n- \u00a313 to change a community bus service\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for a cancellation.\n\n## Application and supplementary forms\n\nPrint off and fill in the application and supplementary forms to:\n\n- change or cancel a registered bus service (England, Scotland or Wales)\n\n- change or cancel a registered bus service with less than 56 days notice (England, Scotland or Wales)\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not have to register a bus service if all of the following apply:\n\n- someone other than you or your agent is responsible for arranging the journey and bringing the passengers together\n\n- the journey is not advertised in advance to the general public\n\n- all passengers travel together to or from the same place - for example a school or factory\n\n- passengers pay the same fare no matter how far they travel\n\n## School or college bus services\n\nIf you operate a bus service provided by a local education authority in England or Wales, you may not have to register it.\n\nYou do not need to register a service if the only passengers who pay fares are either:\n\n- studying at a school or college\n\n- supervising pupils or students\n\n- teachers or assistants working at the school or college\n\nIf other people can also use the service, it must be registered.\n\n## Other exemptions\n\nYou do not need to register:\n\n- a replacement bus service (for example when a train service is temporarily cancelled and a bus is used instead) provided under an agreement with the Secretary of State, the Scottish Ministers or the National Assembly for Wales\n\n- excursions or tours - unless they operate once a week or more for at least 6 weeks in a row\n\nAn excursion or tour is where passengers travel together on a journey, with or without breaks, from one or more places to one or more places and back.\n\n## Traffic regulation conditions\n\nThe local council can ask the traffic commissioner to impose conditions on your licence. The traffic commissioner will decide if conditions are needed to:\n\n- prevent dangers to other road users\n\n- reduce traffic congestion\n\n- limit environmental pollution\n\nThe conditions could affect:\n\n- your bus routes\n\n- where you can stop\n\n- when you can stop and for how long\n\n- where you can turn or reverse\n\n- the number of vehicles, their type or their frequency\n\nIn some cases the conditions will start straight away.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if conditions have been imposed and they\u2019ll be added to your licence.\n\n## You cannot meet the conditions\n\nYou must change the registration within 28 days if you cannot run your service under the conditions. You will not have to pay a fee if you change the registration because of these conditions. You must meet the conditions until the change of registration takes effect.\n\n## You disagree with the conditions\n\nYou can ask for a public inquiry within 28 days if you disagree with the traffic commissioner\u2019s decision.\n\nIt\u2019s against the law to disobey traffic regulation conditions.\n\n## Penalties for poor service\n\nOnce you have registered your service you must run it:\n\n- at the times you\u2019ve said it would run\n\n- along the route you\u2019ve registered\n\n## Penalties\n\nIf you do not run a reliable or punctual service the traffic commissioner can stop you from running the service - or even running any services at all.\n\nThe traffic commissioner can also fine you. The size of the fine is based on the number of vehicles you\u2019re licensed to use.\n\nIf you provide the local bus service in England and Wales, you may also have to:\n\n- spend money on providing or improving local services or facilities\n\n- compensate passengers\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you disagree with the traffic commissioner\u2019s decision.\n\nRead more about the standards for local bus services and how traffic commissioners expect you to operate.\n\n## Register a bus service in London\n\nTo run a bus service in London you must have a London Service Permit. Permits last for 5 years and you must normally apply at least 3 months before starting the service.\n\nYou can apply for a shorter period of notice if Transport for London (TfL) agrees.\n\n## Concessionary fares\n\nYou may be eligible to take part in a concessionary fare scheme. This reimburses you for carrying passengers who get discounted travel, such as:\n\n- older people\n\n- disabled people\n\n- children\n\nContact your local council for more information on taking part.\n\nSome councils offer a voluntary membership scheme for operators. Others have a compulsory scheme.\n\n## Find out more\n\nFind out more about concessionary fare schemes for:\n\n- England\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n## Grants for local bus services\n\nYou might qualify for the Bus Service Operator\u2019s Grant (in England or Scotland) or the Regional Transport Services Grant (in Wales) if you provide a service where:\n\n- at least half the seats are available to and regularly used by the general public\n\n- stops on the route are in places that people are likely to use reasonably often - fixed bus stops or otherwise\n\n- single journey fares are reasonably priced\n\n- fares can be paid conveniently\n\n- the bus does not have signs or any other indication that it\u2019s not available to the general public\n\n- information about the service, its route and timetable is accessible to the general public\n\n- advance bookings of flexible services do not deter people who want to make a single journey\n\nThere are slightly different conditions if your bus service is intended for transporting pupils, people with disabilities or elderly people.\n\nRead more about the Bus Service Operator\u2019s Grant (England and Scotland).\n\n## How to apply\n\nContact the helpline for your area.\n\n## England\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\nThe grant is administered through the Regional Transport Consortia:", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/run-local-bus-service", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are a local education authority in England. We operate a bus service to pick some of the students and not for public service", + "original_question": "Do we have to register to run as a local bus service ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-439", + "question": "Scenario: I have got my provisional driving licence for learning motorcycle. I have recently bought a motorcycle which has a valid V5C, properly taxed, motor insurance and has a valid MOT\n\nQuestion: Can I use my vehicle to learn ?\n\nDocument - Riding a motorcycle, moped or motor tricycle:\n## Overview\n\nThere are different rules if you held a motorcycle or moped licence before 19 January 2013.\n\nTo ride on public roads you first need to get a provisional licence and then complete compulsory basic training (CBT) to get a certificate.\n\nYou must pass both parts of your practical test within 2 years of taking the theory test. If you do not, you\u2019ll have to start the process again.\n\n## Motorcycles\n\nThere are different categories of motorbike - you\u2019ll need to get the right entitlement on your licence and be old enough to do so.\n\n## Mopeds\n\nThe way moped entitlements are shown on your licence have changed, but you still need to be 16 to ride one.\n\nThe rules are different if you already have a car driving licence.\n\n## Motor tricycles\n\nProvisional category B car licences and provisional category A licences now only cover you to ride motor tricycles if you have a physical disability. Driving tests for 3-wheeled vehicles are only available for physically disabled drivers.\n\nIf you\u2019re not physically disabled and want to ride a motor tricycle you\u2019ll now need to get the right provisional entitlement and pass CBT.\n\nYou can drive a motor tricycle of any power rating if both of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re over 21\n\n- you have a full car driving licence\n\nYou\u2019ll need a full category A1 motorbike licence to ride motor tricycles up to power output 15 Kilowatts (kW), and a full category A motorbike licence to ride trikes with a power output more than 15 kW.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve done your CBT you have 2 years to pass your theory and motorcycle tests or you\u2019ll have to do CBT again.\n\n## If you have a full EU driving licence\n\nBefore you can take a CBT course you must either:\n\n- exchange your licence for a Great Britain (GB) licence\n\n- register your licence with DVLA\n\nIf you register your EU driving licence, you\u2019ll have to exchange it for a GB licence after you\u2019ve passed your theory and practical test.\n\n## Learning to ride\n\nYou need to have the right provisional driving licence when you\u2019re learning to ride.\n\nIf you\u2019re using your own vehicle you\u2019ll need to make sure it:\n\n- has a valid V5C registration certificate (log book)\n\n- is taxed\n\n- has an MOT (if needed)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need adequate motor insurance.\n\n## Official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) guides\n\nYou can buy the official DVSA guide to learning to ride and the DVSA guide to riding - the essential skills.\n\n## Taking the full motorcycle tests\n\nAll riders have to pass the theory test before taking the motorcycle practical test.\n\n## Enhanced rider scheme\n\nOnce you\u2019ve passed your motorcycle test you can take the enhanced rider scheme. It checks your riding skills and provides training to help you improve. You can get discounts on motorbike insurance if you successfully complete the scheme.\n\n## More information\n\nRead DVLA\u2019s routes to your motorcycle licence flowchart for step-by-step instructions on how to get a moped or motorbike licence.\n\n## Licences issued before 19 January 2013\n\nIf you held a motorcycle or moped licence before 19 January 2013 then you\u2019ll keep your existing entitlements and can still ride the same kind of bikes as you did before.\n\nHowever, if you get a new licence your entitlements may be shown differently.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to follow the new rules if you want to get higher entitlements - eg ride a larger motorbike.\n\n## Mopeds\n\n## Changes to moped categories\n\nIf you\u2019re already licensed to ride a moped your driving licence will show as category P.\n\nThe new rules will not affect you, but any new licences issued to you will show categories AM and Q, as well as category P. This means you will also be allowed to ride 2 or 3-wheeled mopeds with a top speed of 50 km/h.\n\n## Car driving test passed before 1 February 2001\n\nYou do not need to take compulsory basic training (CBT) to ride a moped if you passed your car driving test before 1 February 2001. You\u2019ll still need to complete CBT to ride a motorbike, however.\n\n## Car driving test passed on or after 1 February 2001\n\nYou need to take CBT to ride a moped if you passed your car driving test on or after 1 February 2001.\n\nHowever, you will not need to take further theory and practical tests or take CBT again.\n\n## Motorcycles\n\nIf you\u2019re already licensed to ride a motorcycle, your licence should show category A. This will be the same if you renew or replace your licence after 19 January 2013.\n\n## Motor tricycles\n\nIf you hold category B1 entitlement (trikes and quads), when you renew or replace your licence after 19 January 2013 it will show categories B1 and A. The A entitlement will be limited to tricycles and you will not be able to ride motorbikes you were not previously allowed to.\n\nProvisional licences now only cover you to ride motor tricycles if you have a physical disability. Driving tests for 3-wheeled vehicles are only available for physically disabled drivers.\n\nNon-disabled drivers who want to ride motor tricycles need to pass CBT and the theory and practical tests on a 2-wheeled motorbike.\n\n## Bike categories, ages and licence requirements\n\n| | Licence category | Requirements for licence | Minimum age |\n\n| Mopeds with speed range of 25 km/h to 45 km/h | AM | Compulsory basic training (CBT), theory test, practical test on all powered 2-wheeled moped | 16 |\n\n| Small 3-wheelers (up to 50 cc and below 4 kW) | AM | CBT, theory test, practical test | 16 |\n\n| Light quadricycles (weighing under 350 kg, top speed 45 km/h) | AM | CBT, theory test, practical test | 16 |\n\n| Same as AM plus 2 or 3-wheeled mopeds with top speed of 25 km/h | Q | Granted with AM | 16 |\n\n| Light motorcycle up to 11 kW (and a power-to-weight ratio not more than 0.1 kW per kg) and 125 cc | A1 | CBT, theory test, practical test | 17 |\n\n| Motor tricycles with a power output not more than 15 kW | A1 | CBT, theory test, practical test | 17 |\n\n| Standard motorcycle up to 35 kW (and a power-to-weight ratio not more than 0.2 kW per kg), bike must not be derived from vehicle more than twice its power | A2 | Direct access route - theory and practicalProgressive access route - 2 years experience on A1 motorbike and a further practical test | 19 |\n\n| Unrestricted motorcycles in size/power, with or without a sidecar, and motor tricycles with power output over 15 kW | A | Direct access route - CBT theory and practical (you must be at least 24)Progressive access route - held an A2 licence for a minimum of 2 years - practical test (21 or over) | 24 (direct) or 21 (progressive access) |\n\nYou do not need to take the theory or motorcycle tests to apply for a provisional licence.\n\nRead about the rules for the motorcycle theory test and practical riding test.\n\n## Safety equipment\n\n## Helmet\n\nYou must wear a safety helmet when riding a motorcycle on the road. All helmets sold in the UK must comply with at least 1 of these:\n\n- British Standard BS 6658:1985 and carry the BSI (British Standards Institution) Kitemark\n\n- UNECE Regulation 22.05\n\n- any standard accepted by a member of the European Economic Area which offers a level of safety and protection equivalent to BS 6658:1985 and carry a mark equivalent to the BSI Kitemark\n\nYou must wear glasses or contact lenses when you ride if you need them to read a number plate at the prescribed distance.\n\n## Visors and goggles\n\nYour visors or goggles must comply with either:\n\n- a British Standard and displays a BSI Kitemark\n\n- a European standard which offers a level of safety and protection at least equivalent to the British Standard and carries a mark equivalent to the BSI Kitemark (ECE 22-05)", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ride-motorcycle-moped", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have got my provisional driving licence for learning motorcycle. I have recently bought a motorcycle which has a valid V5C, properly taxed, motor insurance and has a valid MOT", + "original_question": "Can I use my vehicle to learn ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-441", + "question": "Scenario: I want to drive a 50cc moped. I have been told that I do not need a CBT if I have a driving licence. I passed my driving test on the 3rd January 2001.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to do a CBT to ride a moped?\n\nDocument - Riding a motorcycle, moped or motor tricycle:\n## Overview\n\nThere are different rules if you held a motorcycle or moped licence before 19 January 2013.\n\nTo ride on public roads you first need to get a provisional licence and then complete compulsory basic training (CBT) to get a certificate.\n\nYou must pass both parts of your practical test within 2 years of taking the theory test. If you do not, you\u2019ll have to start the process again.\n\n## Motorcycles\n\nThere are different categories of motorbike - you\u2019ll need to get the right entitlement on your licence and be old enough to do so.\n\n## Mopeds\n\nThe way moped entitlements are shown on your licence have changed, but you still need to be 16 to ride one.\n\nThe rules are different if you already have a car driving licence.\n\n## Motor tricycles\n\nProvisional category B car licences and provisional category A licences now only cover you to ride motor tricycles if you have a physical disability. Driving tests for 3-wheeled vehicles are only available for physically disabled drivers.\n\nIf you\u2019re not physically disabled and want to ride a motor tricycle you\u2019ll now need to get the right provisional entitlement and pass CBT.\n\nYou can drive a motor tricycle of any power rating if both of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re over 21\n\n- you have a full car driving licence\n\nYou\u2019ll need a full category A1 motorbike licence to ride motor tricycles up to power output 15 Kilowatts (kW), and a full category A motorbike licence to ride trikes with a power output more than 15 kW.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve done your CBT you have 2 years to pass your theory and motorcycle tests or you\u2019ll have to do CBT again.\n\n## If you have a full EU driving licence\n\nBefore you can take a CBT course you must either:\n\n- exchange your licence for a Great Britain (GB) licence\n\n- register your licence with DVLA\n\nIf you register your EU driving licence, you\u2019ll have to exchange it for a GB licence after you\u2019ve passed your theory and practical test.\n\n## Learning to ride\n\nYou need to have the right provisional driving licence when you\u2019re learning to ride.\n\nIf you\u2019re using your own vehicle you\u2019ll need to make sure it:\n\n- has a valid V5C registration certificate (log book)\n\n- is taxed\n\n- has an MOT (if needed)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need adequate motor insurance.\n\n## Official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) guides\n\nYou can buy the official DVSA guide to learning to ride and the DVSA guide to riding - the essential skills.\n\n## Taking the full motorcycle tests\n\nAll riders have to pass the theory test before taking the motorcycle practical test.\n\n## Enhanced rider scheme\n\nOnce you\u2019ve passed your motorcycle test you can take the enhanced rider scheme. It checks your riding skills and provides training to help you improve. You can get discounts on motorbike insurance if you successfully complete the scheme.\n\n## More information\n\nRead DVLA\u2019s routes to your motorcycle licence flowchart for step-by-step instructions on how to get a moped or motorbike licence.\n\n## Licences issued before 19 January 2013\n\nIf you held a motorcycle or moped licence before 19 January 2013 then you\u2019ll keep your existing entitlements and can still ride the same kind of bikes as you did before.\n\nHowever, if you get a new licence your entitlements may be shown differently.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to follow the new rules if you want to get higher entitlements - eg ride a larger motorbike.\n\n## Mopeds\n\n## Changes to moped categories\n\nIf you\u2019re already licensed to ride a moped your driving licence will show as category P.\n\nThe new rules will not affect you, but any new licences issued to you will show categories AM and Q, as well as category P. This means you will also be allowed to ride 2 or 3-wheeled mopeds with a top speed of 50 km/h.\n\n## Car driving test passed before 1 February 2001\n\nYou do not need to take compulsory basic training (CBT) to ride a moped if you passed your car driving test before 1 February 2001. You\u2019ll still need to complete CBT to ride a motorbike, however.\n\n## Car driving test passed on or after 1 February 2001\n\nYou need to take CBT to ride a moped if you passed your car driving test on or after 1 February 2001.\n\nHowever, you will not need to take further theory and practical tests or take CBT again.\n\n## Motorcycles\n\nIf you\u2019re already licensed to ride a motorcycle, your licence should show category A. This will be the same if you renew or replace your licence after 19 January 2013.\n\n## Motor tricycles\n\nIf you hold category B1 entitlement (trikes and quads), when you renew or replace your licence after 19 January 2013 it will show categories B1 and A. The A entitlement will be limited to tricycles and you will not be able to ride motorbikes you were not previously allowed to.\n\nProvisional licences now only cover you to ride motor tricycles if you have a physical disability. Driving tests for 3-wheeled vehicles are only available for physically disabled drivers.\n\nNon-disabled drivers who want to ride motor tricycles need to pass CBT and the theory and practical tests on a 2-wheeled motorbike.\n\n## Bike categories, ages and licence requirements\n\n| | Licence category | Requirements for licence | Minimum age |\n\n| Mopeds with speed range of 25 km/h to 45 km/h | AM | Compulsory basic training (CBT), theory test, practical test on all powered 2-wheeled moped | 16 |\n\n| Small 3-wheelers (up to 50 cc and below 4 kW) | AM | CBT, theory test, practical test | 16 |\n\n| Light quadricycles (weighing under 350 kg, top speed 45 km/h) | AM | CBT, theory test, practical test | 16 |\n\n| Same as AM plus 2 or 3-wheeled mopeds with top speed of 25 km/h | Q | Granted with AM | 16 |\n\n| Light motorcycle up to 11 kW (and a power-to-weight ratio not more than 0.1 kW per kg) and 125 cc | A1 | CBT, theory test, practical test | 17 |\n\n| Motor tricycles with a power output not more than 15 kW | A1 | CBT, theory test, practical test | 17 |\n\n| Standard motorcycle up to 35 kW (and a power-to-weight ratio not more than 0.2 kW per kg), bike must not be derived from vehicle more than twice its power | A2 | Direct access route - theory and practicalProgressive access route - 2 years experience on A1 motorbike and a further practical test | 19 |\n\n| Unrestricted motorcycles in size/power, with or without a sidecar, and motor tricycles with power output over 15 kW | A | Direct access route - CBT theory and practical (you must be at least 24)Progressive access route - held an A2 licence for a minimum of 2 years - practical test (21 or over) | 24 (direct) or 21 (progressive access) |\n\nYou do not need to take the theory or motorcycle tests to apply for a provisional licence.\n\nRead about the rules for the motorcycle theory test and practical riding test.\n\n## Safety equipment\n\n## Helmet\n\nYou must wear a safety helmet when riding a motorcycle on the road. All helmets sold in the UK must comply with at least 1 of these:\n\n- British Standard BS 6658:1985 and carry the BSI (British Standards Institution) Kitemark\n\n- UNECE Regulation 22.05\n\n- any standard accepted by a member of the European Economic Area which offers a level of safety and protection equivalent to BS 6658:1985 and carry a mark equivalent to the BSI Kitemark\n\nYou must wear glasses or contact lenses when you ride if you need them to read a number plate at the prescribed distance.\n\n## Visors and goggles\n\nYour visors or goggles must comply with either:\n\n- a British Standard and displays a BSI Kitemark\n\n- a European standard which offers a level of safety and protection at least equivalent to the British Standard and carries a mark equivalent to the BSI Kitemark (ECE 22-05)", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ride-motorcycle-moped", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to drive a 50cc moped. I have been told that I do not need a CBT if I have a driving licence. I passed my driving test on the 3rd January 2001.", + "original_question": "Do I need to do a CBT to ride a moped?" + }, + { + "id": "train-444", + "question": "Scenario: I am planning to get a made up number plates from a supplier. I was told that I have to show a document that I am allowed to use the registration number\n\nQuestion: Can I use my V5C to show that I am allowed to use the registration number ?\n\nDocument - Displaying number plates:\n## Overview\n\nNumber plates (also known as licence plates) must show your registration number correctly. You cannot rearrange letters or numbers, or alter them so that they\u2019re hard to read.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a31,000 and your vehicle will fail its MOT test if you drive with incorrectly displayed number plates.\n\nThe current vehicle registration number format was introduced in 2001. It consists of:\n\n- 2 letters (these refer to the region in the country where your vehicle was first registered)\n\n- 2 numbers (these tell you when it was issued)\n\n- 3 letters chosen at random\n\nYou can get theft-resistant number plates - these make it harder for someone to remove them from your vehicle quickly and reuse them. Ask your local car dealer or registered number plate supplier for more information.\n\nYou can also get personalised number plates.\n\n## Rules for number plates\n\nThe number plates on your vehicle must:\n\n- be made from a reflective material\n\n- display black characters on a white background (front plate)\n\n- display black characters on a yellow background (rear plate)\n\n- not have a background pattern\n\nCharacters on a number plate can be 3D.\n\n## If you ride a motorbike or motor tricycle\n\nMotorcycles and motor tricycles registered on or after 1 September 2001 must only display a number plate at the rear of the vehicle.\n\nIf you ride a motorbike or motor tricycle registered before 1 September 2001 you can also display a number plate at the front, but you do not have to.\n\nMotorcycle and motor tricycle number plate numbers should be on 2 lines.\n\n## Towing a trailer\n\nYour trailer must display the same number plate as the vehicle you\u2019re towing it with. If you\u2019re towing more than one trailer, the number plate must be fixed to the trailer at the back.\n\n## Taking commercial or heavy trailers abroad\n\nIf your trailer needs to be registered to go abroad, you need to fix the trailer registration plate to the back, as well as the towing vehicle\u2019s number plate.\n\nFix the trailer registration plate as far away as possible from the towing vehicle\u2019s number plate.\n\nIf you cannot fix the trailer registration plate on the back of your trailer, fix it to both sides instead. Make sure they\u2019re clearly visible.\n\n## Letter spacing, size and style\n\nThe characters on a number plate need to be a certain height and size.\n\nRead leaflet INF104: vehicle registration numbers and number plates - height and size measurement, for more information.\n\nIf you have a trailer, read leaflet INF291: trailer registration numbers and number plates.\n\n## Getting number plates made up\n\nYou can only get a number plate made up from a registered number plate supplier.\n\nThe supplier will need to see original documents that:\n\n- prove your name and address\n\n- show you\u2019re allowed to use the registration number\n\n## Identity documents\n\nYou can use the following to confirm your name and address:\n\n- driving licence\n\n- utility, Council Tax or rates bill from the last 6 months\n\n- bank or building society statement from the last 6 months\n\n- national identity card\n\nThe following will confirm your name only:\n\n- passport - does not have to be issued in the UK\n\n- bank or building society debit or credit card\n\n- police warrant card\n\n- armed forces identity card\n\n## Proving you can use the registration number\n\nYou must bring one of the following to show you\u2019re allowed to display the registration number:\n\n- vehicle registration certificate (V5C or V5CNI)\n\n- green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip from the V5C or V5CNI\n\n- certificate of entitlement (V750 or V750NI) to the number\n\n- retention document (V778)\n\n- a renewal reminder for vehicle tax or SORN (V11 or V11NI)\n\n- temporary registration certificate (V379 or V379NI)\n\n- a number plate authorisation certificate (V948) with an official stamp from the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA)\n\n- an electronic number plate authorisation certificate (eV948 or eV948/2)\n\n- a letter of authorisation from a fleet operator (including lease or hire company) quoting the document reference number from the registration certificate\n\n- if your fleet is in the new V5C on demand scheme (also called \u2018V5C suppression\u2019), a PDF of the vehicle\u2019s details from the view vehicle record service\n\n- UK trailer registration certificate (VTRC)\n\n## Flags, symbols and identifiers\n\nYou can display one of the following flags with identifying letters on the left-hand side of the number plate:\n\n- Union flag (also known as the Union Jack)\n\n- Cross of St George\n\n- Cross of St Andrew - also known as the Saltire\n\n- Red Dragon of Wales\n\nThe letters, or national identifiers, you can have are:\n\n- GREAT BRITAIN, Great Britain or GB\n\n- UNITED KINGDOM, United Kingdom or UK\n\n- CYMRU, Cymru, CYM or Cym\n\n- ENGLAND, England, ENG, Eng\n\n- SCOTLAND, Scotland, SCO or Sco\n\n- WALES or Wales\n\nThe flag must be above the identifier. You cannot have the flag or letters on the number plate margin, and neither can be more than 50 millimetres wide.\n\n## Travelling in Europe\n\nIf your number plate includes the GB identifier with the Union flag (also known as the Union Jack), you do not need a GB sticker. But you will need to display a GB sticker clearly on the rear of your vehicle if your number plate has any of the following:\n\n- a Euro symbol\n\n- a national flag of England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- numbers and letters only - no flag or identifier\n\nIf you\u2019re in Spain, Cyprus or Malta, you must display a GB sticker no matter what is on your number plate.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/displaying-number-plates", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am planning to get a made up number plates from a supplier. I was told that I have to show a document that I am allowed to use the registration number", + "original_question": "Can I use my V5C to show that I am allowed to use the registration number ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-445", + "question": "Scenario: I am importing a modified vehicle from abroad. I am new to buying importing vehicles. I know DVLA will give a Q registration number.\n\nQuestion: Will V5C have a modified marker ?\n\nDocument - Importing vehicles into the UK:\n## How to import a vehicle\n\nYou must complete certain steps as soon as you bring a vehicle into the UK permanently.\n\nYou can pay an importer or shipping company to do them for you.\n\n- Tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 14 days that the vehicle has arrived in the UK.\n\n- Pay VAT and duty if HMRC tells you to.\n\n- Get vehicle approval to show your vehicle meets safety and environmental standards.\n\n- Register and tax the vehicle with DVLA - they\u2019ll give you a registration number so you can get number plates made up.\n\nYou must also insure your vehicle before you drive it on UK roads.\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you use your vehicle on a public road before you complete these steps, unless you\u2019re driving it to a pre-booked MOT or vehicle approval test.\n\nCommercial importers of new vehicles that use a secure registration scheme do not have to follow these steps.\n\n## Importing a damaged or modified vehicle\n\nIf your vehicle has been damaged or modified in another country, DVLA may:\n\n- give your vehicle a Q registration number\n\n- put a marker on your vehicle log book (V5C) - to show that your vehicle has been altered or assembled using different parts\n\n## Bringing your vehicle in or out of Northern Ireland\n\nIf you are a UK resident you can move your vehicle freely between Great Britain and Northern Ireland if all of the following apply:\n\n- it\u2019s registered in either country\n\n- you\u2019re not moving it to sell it, or for any other commercial purpose (for example, using the car as a taxi or hiring it to someone)\n\n- the car is for your own or your household\u2019s personal use\n\nFind out what to do if someone else is bringing your vehicle to Northern Ireland.\n\nTell DVLA about the change of address.\n\n## Visiting the UK with a vehicle\n\nFollow the rules for temporary imports instead if both of the following apply:\n\n- you do not usually live in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re bringing a vehicle to the UK for less than 6 months\n\n## Telling HMRC\n\nYou have 14 days to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) after you bring a vehicle into the UK permanently. You cannot register the vehicle until you\u2019ve done this.\n\nHow you tell HMRC will depend on:\n\n- if you\u2019re importing it to Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or to Northern Ireland\n\n- where you\u2019re importing it from\n\nYou may be fined if you\u2019re late telling HMRC.\n\nIf your vehicle has an engine of 48cc or less (7.2kw or less if it\u2019s electric), you can register it without telling HMRC first.\n\n## If you import a vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales\n\nHow you tell HMRC depends on whether you\u2019re VAT-registered.\n\n## If you\u2019re a VAT-registered company\n\nYou need to make an import declaration. You can use either the Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF) system or the Customs Declaration Service (CDS) system. You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to do this for you.\n\nYou may be able to delay making an import declaration for 6 months if you import a vehicle from the EU. This is called a delayed declaration.\n\nYou must tell HMRC about the imported vehicle by using the NOVA service within 14 days. You can use a spreadsheet if you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual\n\nYou need to make an import declaration using form C384. Send the completed form to HMRC by email.\n\nCurrently you cannot send an import declaration to HMRC by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to make the declaration for you.\n\nYou might qualify for relief from VAT and duty if you\u2019re:\n\n- moving to Great Britain (England, Scotland or Wales) (sometimes known as \u2018transfer of residence\u2019 or TOR) - if you qualify, apply for transfer of residence relief\n\n- returning an exported vehicle to the UK - if you qualify, declare the vehicle to claim relief\n\nContact the VAT helpline for a form if you\u2019re unable to use online services.\n\n## If you import a vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU\n\nTell HMRC by using the Notification of Vehicle Arrivals (NOVA) service.\n\nYou can use a spreadsheet if you\u2019re a VAT-registered business and you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.\n\n## If you import a vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the EU\n\nHow you tell HMRC depends on whether you\u2019re VAT-registered.\n\n## If you\u2019re a VAT-registered company\n\nYou need to make an import declaration. You can use either the Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF) system or the Customs Declaration Service (CDS) system. You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to do this for you.\n\nYou must then tell HMRC about the imported vehicle by using the NOVA service within 14 days. You can use a spreadsheet if you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual\n\nYou need to make an import declaration using form C384. Send the completed form to HMRC by email.\n\nCurrently you cannot send an import declaration to HMRC by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to make the declaration for you.\n\nYou might qualify for relief from VAT and duty if you\u2019re:\n\n- moving to Northern Ireland (sometimes known as \u2018transfer of residence\u2019 or TOR) - if you qualify, apply for transfer of residence relief\n\n- returning an exported vehicle to the UK - if you qualify, declare the vehicle to claim relief\n\nContact the VAT helpline for a form if you\u2019re unable to use online services.\n\n## After you tell HMRC\n\nHMRC will tell you:\n\n- if you have to pay VAT and duty\n\n- when your NOVA application has been processed - you cannot register your vehicle with DVLA until it is\n\nIf you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual, HMRC will make a NOVA application for you.\n\n## Paying VAT and duty\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you if you have to pay VAT or duty after you tell them you imported a vehicle.\n\nVAT is charged on the total cost of the vehicle, plus any:\n\n- accessories you bought with it\n\n- delivery and extra charges\n\n- duty\n\nDuty is charged on vehicles imported to:\n\n- England, Wales and Scotland from outside the UK\n\n- Northern Ireland from outside the UK or EU\n\nHMRC will tell you how much you have to pay.\n\nThe rates you\u2019re charged depend on the type of vehicle and where you imported it from. You can call the helpline to check rates.\n\nHow you pay depends on where you\u2019re importing the vehicle from.\n\n## If you imported the vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales from outside the UK\n\n| Why you imported it | What and how you pay |\n\n| You\u2019re moving to the UK with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re returning an exported vehicle to the UK | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re visiting the UK or the EU with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if it qualifies as a temporary import |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re not VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) and claim the VAT on your next VAT Return |\n\nYou must pay any VAT and duty before you can release the vehicle from customs or register it.\n\n## If you imported the vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU\n\nVAT is usually only charged on vehicles that are new. A vehicle is new if either:\n\n- it\u2019s been driven less than 6,000km (about 3,728 miles)\n\n- it\u2019s been in use for no more than 6 months\n\nIf you\u2019re VAT registered, you need to account for any VAT you\u2019ve paid on your next VAT return.\n\nIf you\u2019re not registered for VAT or you\u2019re a private individual, you need to pay HMRC directly before you can register your vehicle.\n\n## Paying HMRC directly\n\nUse online or telephone banking to pay HMRC by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 00 | 12000903 | HMRC Indirect Miscellaneous |\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB20 BARC 2005 1730 3364 91 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Indirect Miscellaneous |\n\nUse your 13-character NOVA notification reference number when you pay. You can find it on the:\n\n- email HMRC sent you if you used the NOVA service\n\n- payment notice HMRC sent you\n\nDo not put any spaces between the characters in your reference number.\n\nRead more about paying VAT on a car you\u2019ve imported.\n\n## Reclaiming VAT\n\nIf you have to declare VAT to HMRC, you can reclaim any VAT you paid in the EU. Send the Certificate of VAT you get from HMRC to the person who sold you the vehicle.\n\n## If you imported the vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the UK and EU\n\n| Why you imported it | What and how you pay |\n\n| You\u2019re moving to the UK with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re returning an exported vehicle to the UK | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re visiting the UK or the EU with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if it qualifies as a temporary import |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re not VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) and claim the VAT on your next VAT Return |\n\n## Getting vehicle approval\n\nGet vehicle approval to show that your imported vehicle meets environmental and safety regulations. You\u2019ll need proof of approval to register the vehicle.\n\nYou might not need approval for a vehicle that was first registered or manufactured more than 10 years ago - check the exemptions.\n\n## If the vehicle\u2019s not registered in the EU\n\nTo get approval for a vehicle that\u2019s not registered in the EU, apply for either:\n\n- Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)\n\n- Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA) if it\u2019s a 2, 3 or smaller 4-wheeled vehicle\n\n## If the vehicle\u2019s registered in the EU\n\nGet a European Certificate of Conformity from the manufacturer to show you have approval for an EU-registered vehicle.\n\nYou also have to get a certificate of Mutual Recognition if it\u2019s a left hand drive vehicle.\n\n## Getting a certificate of Mutual Recognition\n\nUse the application form for your:\n\n- motorcycle\n\n- car\n\n- van or light goods vehicle\n\n- motorhome\n\nApply for IVA instead for a lorry or goods vehicle over 3,500kg.\n\nThere\u2019s a \u00a3100 fee. Send your application to the address on the form. Attach receipts to prove you\u2019ve made any required alterations, for example fitting a speedometer to display miles per hour.\n\n## Get help with Mutual Recognition\n\nContact the Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA) if you\u2019re unsure whether your vehicle qualifies for Mutual Recognition.\n\n## Registering an imported vehicle\n\nYou must register any vehicle you bring into the UK permanently. You cannot register before you do all of the following:\n\n- tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) you imported the vehicle and get confirmation that your NOVA application is processed\n\n- pay VAT and duty if HMRC tells you to\n\n- get proof of vehicle approval\n\nYou also tax the vehicle when you register it with DVLA - there\u2019s a \u00a355 fee.\n\n## How to register\n\nFollow the instructions for registering a vehicle to fill in your forms and send supporting documents.\n\nYou must also send extra supporting documents for an imported vehicle.\n\nDVLA might ask to inspect the vehicle.\n\n## Extra supporting documents for imported vehicles\n\nYou must send the following original documents:\n\n- proof of vehicle approval\n\n- form V267 (sometimes called the \u2018declaration of newness\u2019) if you\u2019re registering a new vehicle\n\n- evidence showing the date the vehicle was collected, for example the invoice from the supplier\n\n- the original foreign registration certificate to show when the vehicle was manufactured (you will not get this back)\n\nIf you do not have the original foreign registration certificate, DVLA might accept other proof of the manufacture date, for example a letter from the manufacturer or a vehicle enthusiast club.\n\nDo not send photocopies or faxed copies.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) it will take longer than usual for your registration certificate (V5C) to arrive.\n\nYou need the V5C to get number plates made up.\n\n## Temporary imports\n\nYou can usually use a vehicle with foreign number plates without registering or taxing it in the UK if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re visiting and do not plan to live here\n\n- the vehicle is registered and taxed in its home country\n\n- you only use the vehicle for up to 6 months in total - this can be a single visit, or several shorter visits over 12 months\n\nYou will need to register your vehicle if you want to move it between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you become a resident or stay for longer than 6 months you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.\n\n## If you bring a vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales\n\nYou do not pay VAT or duty on a vehicle if you temporarily import it and all of the following apply:\n\n- it\u2019s for your own private use\n\n- you\u2019re not a UK resident\n\n- you do not sell, lend or hire it within the UK\n\n- you re-export it from the UK within 6 months - or longer if you\u2019re eligible to use foreign number plates for longer\n\nClaim relief by filling in form C110 and taking your vehicle through the \u2018nothing to declare\u2019 channel when you arrive in the UK.\n\n## Using foreign number plates for longer than 6 months\n\nYou might be able to use a vehicle with foreign number plates for longer than 6 months if all of the following apply:\n\n- you normally live outside the UK\n\n- you\u2019re in the UK for a set period as a student or worker\n\n- you claim relief from VAT and duty\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give you a customs relief form when you claim relief \u2013 show it to police if you\u2019re stopped when driving the vehicle.\n\nIf you stay after your customs relief expires you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.\n\n## If you do not qualify for relief\n\nIf HMRC says your vehicle must be registered and taxed in the UK, contact the imports and exports helpline.\n\n## If you bring a vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU\n\nYou will not have to pay VAT or duty if you bring your own vehicle from the EU.\n\nCall the imports and exports helpline if you have questions about bringing a vehicle from the EU for less than 6 months.\n\n## If you bring a vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the EU\n\nYou do not pay VAT or duty on a vehicle if you temporarily import it and all of the following apply:\n\n- it\u2019s for your own private use\n\n- you\u2019re not a UK resident\n\n- you do not sell, lend or hire it within the UK\n\n- you re-export it from the UK within 6 months - or longer if you\u2019re eligible to use foreign number plates for longer\n\nClaim relief by filling in form C110 and taking your vehicle through the \u2018nothing to declare\u2019 channel when you arrive in the UK.\n\n## Using foreign number plates for longer than 6 months\n\nYou might be able to use a vehicle with foreign number plates for longer than 6 months if all of the following apply:\n\n- you normally live outside the UK\n\n- you\u2019re in the UK for a set period as a student or worker\n\n- you claim relief from VAT and duty\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give you a customs relief form when you claim relief \u2013 show it to police if you\u2019re stopped when driving the vehicle.\n\nIf you stay after your customs relief expires you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.\n\n## If you do not qualify for relief\n\nIf HMRC says your vehicle must be registered and taxed in the UK, contact the imports and exports helpline.\n\n## If you\u2019re stopped by the police\n\nYou must show police that you can use the vehicle in the UK without taxing and registering it here, for example proof:\n\n- of the time you\u2019ve been in the UK (such as a ferry ticket)\n\n- that your vehicle\u2019s eligible for relief from VAT and duty (such as a customs relief form)\n\n## When you need Q number plates\n\nYou must get temporary Q number plates from DVLA if you visit the UK for up to 6 months and either:\n\n- your number plates display numbers or letters that are not identifiable in the UK, for example Arabic script\n\n- your vehicle is not registered in its home country\n\nContact DVLA if you have to get temporary Q number plates.\n\n## Before you get Q number plates\n\nYou must claim relief from VAT and duty before you can get temporary Q number plates.\n\nTo claim relief, fill in form C110 after the car arrives in the UK and send it to the NTAS team to have it stamped.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/importing-vehicles-into-the-uk", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am importing a modified vehicle from abroad. I am new to buying importing vehicles. I know DVLA will give a Q registration number.", + "original_question": "Will V5C have a modified marker ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-446", + "question": "Scenario: I have a Northern Ireland registered vehicle and lived in NI but moved to UK to live here permanently. I am considering to move my vehicle from NI to UK\n\nQuestion: Can I move my vehicle freely to UK without any paper work ?\n\nDocument - Importing vehicles into the UK:\n## How to import a vehicle\n\nYou must complete certain steps as soon as you bring a vehicle into the UK permanently.\n\nYou can pay an importer or shipping company to do them for you.\n\n- Tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 14 days that the vehicle has arrived in the UK.\n\n- Pay VAT and duty if HMRC tells you to.\n\n- Get vehicle approval to show your vehicle meets safety and environmental standards.\n\n- Register and tax the vehicle with DVLA - they\u2019ll give you a registration number so you can get number plates made up.\n\nYou must also insure your vehicle before you drive it on UK roads.\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you use your vehicle on a public road before you complete these steps, unless you\u2019re driving it to a pre-booked MOT or vehicle approval test.\n\nCommercial importers of new vehicles that use a secure registration scheme do not have to follow these steps.\n\n## Importing a damaged or modified vehicle\n\nIf your vehicle has been damaged or modified in another country, DVLA may:\n\n- give your vehicle a Q registration number\n\n- put a marker on your vehicle log book (V5C) - to show that your vehicle has been altered or assembled using different parts\n\n## Bringing your vehicle in or out of Northern Ireland\n\nIf you are a UK resident you can move your vehicle freely between Great Britain and Northern Ireland if all of the following apply:\n\n- it\u2019s registered in either country\n\n- you\u2019re not moving it to sell it, or for any other commercial purpose (for example, using the car as a taxi or hiring it to someone)\n\n- the car is for your own or your household\u2019s personal use\n\nFind out what to do if someone else is bringing your vehicle to Northern Ireland.\n\nTell DVLA about the change of address.\n\n## Visiting the UK with a vehicle\n\nFollow the rules for temporary imports instead if both of the following apply:\n\n- you do not usually live in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re bringing a vehicle to the UK for less than 6 months\n\n## Telling HMRC\n\nYou have 14 days to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) after you bring a vehicle into the UK permanently. You cannot register the vehicle until you\u2019ve done this.\n\nHow you tell HMRC will depend on:\n\n- if you\u2019re importing it to Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or to Northern Ireland\n\n- where you\u2019re importing it from\n\nYou may be fined if you\u2019re late telling HMRC.\n\nIf your vehicle has an engine of 48cc or less (7.2kw or less if it\u2019s electric), you can register it without telling HMRC first.\n\n## If you import a vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales\n\nHow you tell HMRC depends on whether you\u2019re VAT-registered.\n\n## If you\u2019re a VAT-registered company\n\nYou need to make an import declaration. You can use either the Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF) system or the Customs Declaration Service (CDS) system. You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to do this for you.\n\nYou may be able to delay making an import declaration for 6 months if you import a vehicle from the EU. This is called a delayed declaration.\n\nYou must tell HMRC about the imported vehicle by using the NOVA service within 14 days. You can use a spreadsheet if you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual\n\nYou need to make an import declaration using form C384. Send the completed form to HMRC by email.\n\nCurrently you cannot send an import declaration to HMRC by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to make the declaration for you.\n\nYou might qualify for relief from VAT and duty if you\u2019re:\n\n- moving to Great Britain (England, Scotland or Wales) (sometimes known as \u2018transfer of residence\u2019 or TOR) - if you qualify, apply for transfer of residence relief\n\n- returning an exported vehicle to the UK - if you qualify, declare the vehicle to claim relief\n\nContact the VAT helpline for a form if you\u2019re unable to use online services.\n\n## If you import a vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU\n\nTell HMRC by using the Notification of Vehicle Arrivals (NOVA) service.\n\nYou can use a spreadsheet if you\u2019re a VAT-registered business and you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.\n\n## If you import a vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the EU\n\nHow you tell HMRC depends on whether you\u2019re VAT-registered.\n\n## If you\u2019re a VAT-registered company\n\nYou need to make an import declaration. You can use either the Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF) system or the Customs Declaration Service (CDS) system. You can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to do this for you.\n\nYou must then tell HMRC about the imported vehicle by using the NOVA service within 14 days. You can use a spreadsheet if you need to use NOVA for lots of vehicles.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to use the NOVA online service, ask the Imports and exports helpline for a VAT NOVA1 form.\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual\n\nYou need to make an import declaration using form C384. Send the completed form to HMRC by email.\n\nCurrently you cannot send an import declaration to HMRC by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can also get an agent such as a freight forwarder to make the declaration for you.\n\nYou might qualify for relief from VAT and duty if you\u2019re:\n\n- moving to Northern Ireland (sometimes known as \u2018transfer of residence\u2019 or TOR) - if you qualify, apply for transfer of residence relief\n\n- returning an exported vehicle to the UK - if you qualify, declare the vehicle to claim relief\n\nContact the VAT helpline for a form if you\u2019re unable to use online services.\n\n## After you tell HMRC\n\nHMRC will tell you:\n\n- if you have to pay VAT and duty\n\n- when your NOVA application has been processed - you cannot register your vehicle with DVLA until it is\n\nIf you\u2019re a non-VAT registered company or private individual, HMRC will make a NOVA application for you.\n\n## Paying VAT and duty\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you if you have to pay VAT or duty after you tell them you imported a vehicle.\n\nVAT is charged on the total cost of the vehicle, plus any:\n\n- accessories you bought with it\n\n- delivery and extra charges\n\n- duty\n\nDuty is charged on vehicles imported to:\n\n- England, Wales and Scotland from outside the UK\n\n- Northern Ireland from outside the UK or EU\n\nHMRC will tell you how much you have to pay.\n\nThe rates you\u2019re charged depend on the type of vehicle and where you imported it from. You can call the helpline to check rates.\n\nHow you pay depends on where you\u2019re importing the vehicle from.\n\n## If you imported the vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales from outside the UK\n\n| Why you imported it | What and how you pay |\n\n| You\u2019re moving to the UK with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re returning an exported vehicle to the UK | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re visiting the UK or the EU with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if it qualifies as a temporary import |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re not VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) and claim the VAT on your next VAT Return |\n\nYou must pay any VAT and duty before you can release the vehicle from customs or register it.\n\n## If you imported the vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU\n\nVAT is usually only charged on vehicles that are new. A vehicle is new if either:\n\n- it\u2019s been driven less than 6,000km (about 3,728 miles)\n\n- it\u2019s been in use for no more than 6 months\n\nIf you\u2019re VAT registered, you need to account for any VAT you\u2019ve paid on your next VAT return.\n\nIf you\u2019re not registered for VAT or you\u2019re a private individual, you need to pay HMRC directly before you can register your vehicle.\n\n## Paying HMRC directly\n\nUse online or telephone banking to pay HMRC by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 00 | 12000903 | HMRC Indirect Miscellaneous |\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB20 BARC 2005 1730 3364 91 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Indirect Miscellaneous |\n\nUse your 13-character NOVA notification reference number when you pay. You can find it on the:\n\n- email HMRC sent you if you used the NOVA service\n\n- payment notice HMRC sent you\n\nDo not put any spaces between the characters in your reference number.\n\nRead more about paying VAT on a car you\u2019ve imported.\n\n## Reclaiming VAT\n\nIf you have to declare VAT to HMRC, you can reclaim any VAT you paid in the EU. Send the Certificate of VAT you get from HMRC to the person who sold you the vehicle.\n\n## If you imported the vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the UK and EU\n\n| Why you imported it | What and how you pay |\n\n| You\u2019re moving to the UK with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re returning an exported vehicle to the UK | No VAT or duty if you qualify for relief |\n\n| You\u2019re visiting the UK or the EU with your vehicle | No VAT or duty if it qualifies as a temporary import |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re not VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) |\n\n| Any other reason - if you\u2019re VAT-registered | VAT and duty - pay HMRC at the UK border (your shipping company may do this for you) and claim the VAT on your next VAT Return |\n\n## Getting vehicle approval\n\nGet vehicle approval to show that your imported vehicle meets environmental and safety regulations. You\u2019ll need proof of approval to register the vehicle.\n\nYou might not need approval for a vehicle that was first registered or manufactured more than 10 years ago - check the exemptions.\n\n## If the vehicle\u2019s not registered in the EU\n\nTo get approval for a vehicle that\u2019s not registered in the EU, apply for either:\n\n- Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA)\n\n- Motorcycle Single Vehicle Approval (MSVA) if it\u2019s a 2, 3 or smaller 4-wheeled vehicle\n\n## If the vehicle\u2019s registered in the EU\n\nGet a European Certificate of Conformity from the manufacturer to show you have approval for an EU-registered vehicle.\n\nYou also have to get a certificate of Mutual Recognition if it\u2019s a left hand drive vehicle.\n\n## Getting a certificate of Mutual Recognition\n\nUse the application form for your:\n\n- motorcycle\n\n- car\n\n- van or light goods vehicle\n\n- motorhome\n\nApply for IVA instead for a lorry or goods vehicle over 3,500kg.\n\nThere\u2019s a \u00a3100 fee. Send your application to the address on the form. Attach receipts to prove you\u2019ve made any required alterations, for example fitting a speedometer to display miles per hour.\n\n## Get help with Mutual Recognition\n\nContact the Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA) if you\u2019re unsure whether your vehicle qualifies for Mutual Recognition.\n\n## Registering an imported vehicle\n\nYou must register any vehicle you bring into the UK permanently. You cannot register before you do all of the following:\n\n- tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) you imported the vehicle and get confirmation that your NOVA application is processed\n\n- pay VAT and duty if HMRC tells you to\n\n- get proof of vehicle approval\n\nYou also tax the vehicle when you register it with DVLA - there\u2019s a \u00a355 fee.\n\n## How to register\n\nFollow the instructions for registering a vehicle to fill in your forms and send supporting documents.\n\nYou must also send extra supporting documents for an imported vehicle.\n\nDVLA might ask to inspect the vehicle.\n\n## Extra supporting documents for imported vehicles\n\nYou must send the following original documents:\n\n- proof of vehicle approval\n\n- form V267 (sometimes called the \u2018declaration of newness\u2019) if you\u2019re registering a new vehicle\n\n- evidence showing the date the vehicle was collected, for example the invoice from the supplier\n\n- the original foreign registration certificate to show when the vehicle was manufactured (you will not get this back)\n\nIf you do not have the original foreign registration certificate, DVLA might accept other proof of the manufacture date, for example a letter from the manufacturer or a vehicle enthusiast club.\n\nDo not send photocopies or faxed copies.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) it will take longer than usual for your registration certificate (V5C) to arrive.\n\nYou need the V5C to get number plates made up.\n\n## Temporary imports\n\nYou can usually use a vehicle with foreign number plates without registering or taxing it in the UK if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re visiting and do not plan to live here\n\n- the vehicle is registered and taxed in its home country\n\n- you only use the vehicle for up to 6 months in total - this can be a single visit, or several shorter visits over 12 months\n\nYou will need to register your vehicle if you want to move it between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) and Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you become a resident or stay for longer than 6 months you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.\n\n## If you bring a vehicle to England, Scotland or Wales\n\nYou do not pay VAT or duty on a vehicle if you temporarily import it and all of the following apply:\n\n- it\u2019s for your own private use\n\n- you\u2019re not a UK resident\n\n- you do not sell, lend or hire it within the UK\n\n- you re-export it from the UK within 6 months - or longer if you\u2019re eligible to use foreign number plates for longer\n\nClaim relief by filling in form C110 and taking your vehicle through the \u2018nothing to declare\u2019 channel when you arrive in the UK.\n\n## Using foreign number plates for longer than 6 months\n\nYou might be able to use a vehicle with foreign number plates for longer than 6 months if all of the following apply:\n\n- you normally live outside the UK\n\n- you\u2019re in the UK for a set period as a student or worker\n\n- you claim relief from VAT and duty\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give you a customs relief form when you claim relief \u2013 show it to police if you\u2019re stopped when driving the vehicle.\n\nIf you stay after your customs relief expires you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.\n\n## If you do not qualify for relief\n\nIf HMRC says your vehicle must be registered and taxed in the UK, contact the imports and exports helpline.\n\n## If you bring a vehicle to Northern Ireland from the EU\n\nYou will not have to pay VAT or duty if you bring your own vehicle from the EU.\n\nCall the imports and exports helpline if you have questions about bringing a vehicle from the EU for less than 6 months.\n\n## If you bring a vehicle to Northern Ireland from outside the EU\n\nYou do not pay VAT or duty on a vehicle if you temporarily import it and all of the following apply:\n\n- it\u2019s for your own private use\n\n- you\u2019re not a UK resident\n\n- you do not sell, lend or hire it within the UK\n\n- you re-export it from the UK within 6 months - or longer if you\u2019re eligible to use foreign number plates for longer\n\nClaim relief by filling in form C110 and taking your vehicle through the \u2018nothing to declare\u2019 channel when you arrive in the UK.\n\n## Using foreign number plates for longer than 6 months\n\nYou might be able to use a vehicle with foreign number plates for longer than 6 months if all of the following apply:\n\n- you normally live outside the UK\n\n- you\u2019re in the UK for a set period as a student or worker\n\n- you claim relief from VAT and duty\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give you a customs relief form when you claim relief \u2013 show it to police if you\u2019re stopped when driving the vehicle.\n\nIf you stay after your customs relief expires you must register and tax your vehicle in the UK \u2013 follow the steps for importing a vehicle.\n\n## If you do not qualify for relief\n\nIf HMRC says your vehicle must be registered and taxed in the UK, contact the imports and exports helpline.\n\n## If you\u2019re stopped by the police\n\nYou must show police that you can use the vehicle in the UK without taxing and registering it here, for example proof:\n\n- of the time you\u2019ve been in the UK (such as a ferry ticket)\n\n- that your vehicle\u2019s eligible for relief from VAT and duty (such as a customs relief form)\n\n## When you need Q number plates\n\nYou must get temporary Q number plates from DVLA if you visit the UK for up to 6 months and either:\n\n- your number plates display numbers or letters that are not identifiable in the UK, for example Arabic script\n\n- your vehicle is not registered in its home country\n\nContact DVLA if you have to get temporary Q number plates.\n\n## Before you get Q number plates\n\nYou must claim relief from VAT and duty before you can get temporary Q number plates.\n\nTo claim relief, fill in form C110 after the car arrives in the UK and send it to the NTAS team to have it stamped.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/importing-vehicles-into-the-uk", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a Northern Ireland registered vehicle and lived in NI but moved to UK to live here permanently. I am considering to move my vehicle from NI to UK", + "original_question": "Can I move my vehicle freely to UK without any paper work ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-447", + "question": "Scenario: I am 20, live in rural England and am currently studying full-time to be a plumber, via an ESFA-funded course at my nearest FE college. This involves a 12-mile commute by bus, 4 days a week, which is proving to be expensive.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim Learner Support to cover the cost of my travel?\n\nDocument - Learner Support:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re aged 19 or over, on a further education course and facing financial hardship, you could get Learner Support.\n\nYou apply to your learning provider (for example your college) for Learner Support. How much you get depends on your circumstances.\n\nThe money can help pay for things like:\n\n- accommodation and travel\n\n- course materials and equipment\n\n- childcare - if you qualify\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYour learning provider (for example, a college) decides how much you get. It depends on their scheme and your circumstances.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nThe money could be:\n\n- a direct payment to you - which you don\u2019t have to pay back\n\n- a loan - which you have to pay back\n\n- paid to someone else, for example a landlord\n\nYour learning provider decides how the money is paid to you. It depends on their scheme and what the money is for.\n\nCheck with the student support staff at your college or the National Careers Service about other funding you could get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get Learner Support you must be:\n\n- 19 or over\n\n- studying at a learning provider funded by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (check with your college)\n\nYou must be 20 or over to get help with childcare costs. If you\u2019re 19, apply for Care to Learn instead.\n\nYou can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:\n\n- Professional and Career Development Loans\n\n- Care to Learn\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n## Who can\u2019t apply\n\nYou can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:\n\n- getting student finance for higher education\n\n- on a Community Learning course\n\n## How to claim\n\nApply directly to your learning provider (for example, a college) - they each have their own application process.\n\nSpeak to your student support services to:\n\n- get help applying\n\n- find out what\u2019s available\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nIf you\u2019re not happy with the decision about your Learner Support, contact your learning provider to appeal it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 20, live in rural England and am currently studying full-time to be a plumber, via an ESFA-funded course at my nearest FE college. This involves a 12-mile commute by bus, 4 days a week, which is proving to be expensive.", + "original_question": "Can I claim Learner Support to cover the cost of my travel?" + }, + { + "id": "train-448", + "question": "Scenario: I am 19, and about to start a course at my local technical college. I've applied to them for learner support to cover the costs of some equipment that I will need for the practical sections of the syllabus.\n\nQuestion: Can I decide how the support funds will be paid to me, if my application is successful?\n\nDocument - Learner Support:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re aged 19 or over, on a further education course and facing financial hardship, you could get Learner Support.\n\nYou apply to your learning provider (for example your college) for Learner Support. How much you get depends on your circumstances.\n\nThe money can help pay for things like:\n\n- accommodation and travel\n\n- course materials and equipment\n\n- childcare - if you qualify\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYour learning provider (for example, a college) decides how much you get. It depends on their scheme and your circumstances.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nThe money could be:\n\n- a direct payment to you - which you don\u2019t have to pay back\n\n- a loan - which you have to pay back\n\n- paid to someone else, for example a landlord\n\nYour learning provider decides how the money is paid to you. It depends on their scheme and what the money is for.\n\nCheck with the student support staff at your college or the National Careers Service about other funding you could get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get Learner Support you must be:\n\n- 19 or over\n\n- studying at a learning provider funded by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (check with your college)\n\nYou must be 20 or over to get help with childcare costs. If you\u2019re 19, apply for Care to Learn instead.\n\nYou can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:\n\n- Professional and Career Development Loans\n\n- Care to Learn\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n## Who can\u2019t apply\n\nYou can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:\n\n- getting student finance for higher education\n\n- on a Community Learning course\n\n## How to claim\n\nApply directly to your learning provider (for example, a college) - they each have their own application process.\n\nSpeak to your student support services to:\n\n- get help applying\n\n- find out what\u2019s available\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nIf you\u2019re not happy with the decision about your Learner Support, contact your learning provider to appeal it.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 19, and about to start a course at my local technical college. I've applied to them for learner support to cover the costs of some equipment that I will need for the practical sections of the syllabus.", + "original_question": "Can I decide how the support funds will be paid to me, if my application is successful?" + }, + { + "id": "train-449", + "question": "Scenario: I aim to driving a lorry for non-commercial reasons, but I am only going to stand in every so often. It is not my main job. The distance I will be travelling is going to be 120 miles with a load.\n\nQuestion: Do I need a licence with these conditions?\n\nDocument - Become a qualified lorry or bus driver:\n## Getting qualified\n\nTo become a lorry, bus or coach driver you need to:\n\n- have a full car licence\n\n- be over 18 - but there are some exceptions\n\n- get a professional driving qualification called the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC)\n\n## Who needs the full Driver CPC\n\nYou must have the full Driver CPC if you drive a lorry, bus or coach as the main part of your job.\n\nYou usually need to pass 4 tests to get it, unless you have \u2018acquired rights\u2019 because of your existing driving experience.\n\n## Who does not need the full Driver CPC\n\nYou do not need the full Driver CPC if you:\n\n- do not want to drive for a living, for example you want to drive for a hobby or carry passengers or goods non-commercially for personal use\n\n- drive in certain other situations, such as taking your vehicle for a pre-booked annual test (MOT)\n\nYou still need to pass the part 1 (theory) and part 3 (driving ability) tests of the qualification.\n\n## How to get and keep the full Driver CPC\n\n- Apply for a provisional lorry or bus licence.\n\n- Pass the 4 tests that make up Driver CPC to qualify.\n\n- Take 35 hours of periodic training every 5 years to stay qualified.\n\nYou need to renew your bus or lorry licence every 5 years, and every year when you reach 65.\n\n## If you\u2019re taking an NVT course\n\nIf you\u2019re taking an approved National Vocational Training (NVT) course you can drive professionally for up to 12 months without taking the Driver CPC part 2 and part 4 tests.\n\n## Applying for a provisional lorry or bus licence\n\nThe category of provisional licence you need depends on the type of vehicle you want to drive.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply, order forms D2 and D4 from DVLA.\n\nThe D4 form has to be filled in by a doctor. This could be either:\n\n- your GP - but an optician might need to fill in the section about your eyesight\n\n- a private firm specialising in drivers\u2019 medical exams\n\nYour doctor, optician or a private firm can charge you.\n\nYou can only apply for a provisional trailer (+E) licence when you\u2019ve got the full licence for the vehicle you\u2019ll be driving.\n\n## Order the forms online\n\nOrder now\n\n## Send the forms\n\nSend both forms and your photocard driving licence to DVLA. There\u2019s no application fee.\n\nYou only need to include a passport-style colour photo and original identity documents if you have a paper driving licence.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou should get your driving licence within 3 weeks of DVLA getting your application. It can take longer if your health or personal details need to be checked.\n\nYou automatically lose your lorry or bus licence if you lose your car licence.\n\n## When you do not need the full Driver CPC\n\nYou do not need the full Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) qualification if you\u2019re using the vehicle for:\n\n- non-commercial carriage of passengers or goods\n\n- carrying material or equipment you use for your job, as long as driving is less than 30% of your rolling monthly working time\n\n- driving lessons for anyone who wants to get a driving licence or a Driver CPC\n\n- driving to or from pre-booked appointments at official vehicle testing centres\n\n- driving within 62 miles (100 kilometres) of your base - but the vehicle cannot be carrying passengers or goods, and driving a lorry, bus or coach cannot be your main job\n\n- maintaining public order - and the vehicle is being used or controlled by a local authority\n\n- rescue missions or in states of emergency\n\n- driving for an agriculture, horticulture, forestry, farming or fisheries business, as long as driving is less than 30% of your rolling monthly working time\n\nYou also do not need the full Driver CPC if the vehicle is:\n\n- limited to a top speed of 28mph\n\n- being used or controlled by the armed forces, police, fire and rescue service, emergency ambulance service, prison service or people running a prison or young offender institution\n\nYou can read detailed examples of Driver CPC exemptions.\n\nIf you are not sure if you need the Driver CPC, you should seek legal advice.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nIf you want to become a lorry, bus or coach driver in these situations you need to:\n\n- Apply for a provisional lorry or bus licence.\n\n- Pass the part 1 (theory) and part 3 (driving ability) tests.\n\nYou need to renew your bus or lorry licence every 5 years when you reach 45 and every year when you reach 65.\n\n## Driver CPC part 1 test: theory\n\nYou can book the part 1 theory test of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) as soon as you\u2019ve got your provisional licence.\n\nThe test is made up of 2 parts - multiple choice and hazard perception. You have to book both parts separately, but you can take them on the same day.\n\nIt does not matter which one you take first but you need to pass both within 2 years of each other to get your theory test certificate.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring one of the following:\n\n- a Great Britain photocard driving licence\n\n- a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart\n\n- an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)\n\nIf you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring the right documents.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must stay at home (self-isolate) if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## How the test works\n\n## Multiple-choice questions part\n\nYou can take a practice test to find out how the test works.\n\nThe multiple-choice questions part lasts for 1 hour and 55 minutes, and the pass mark is 85 out of 100 questions.\n\n## Hazard perception part\n\nWatch a video about how the hazard perception part works.\n\nYou\u2019ll watch 19 videos, and there are 20 developing hazards to spot.\n\nThe pass mark is 67 out of 100. You cannot review your answers.\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a letter at the test centre with the results for the part of the theory test you\u2019ve just taken.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve passed both parts, your theory test certificate will be posted to you. You need this when you book your Driver CPC part 3 driving test.\n\nYour theory test certificate is valid for 2 years from when you passed the first part of the test.\n\nYou need to pass the Driver CPC part 3 driving test within 2 years, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the part 1 theory test again.\n\n## If you fail the theory tests\n\nYou\u2019ll get a results letter with feedback telling you why you\u2019ve failed.\n\nYou can book another theory test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if the DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Driver CPC part 2 test: case studies\n\nYou can book the part 2 case studies test of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) as soon as you\u2019ve got your provisional licence. You do not need to have passed the Driver CPC part 1 theory test.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring one of the following:\n\n- a Great Britain photocard driving licence\n\n- a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart\n\n- an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)\n\nIf you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring the right documents.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must stay at home (self-isolate) if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## How the test works\n\nThe test is made up of 7 case studies you work through on a computer. The case studies are short stories based on situations that you\u2019re likely to come across in your working life.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked between 6 and 8 multiple-choice questions on each case study.\n\nThe test lasts for 1 hour and 15 minutes, and the pass mark is 40 out of 50.\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with the results at the test centre.\n\nYou need the test pass reference number when you book your Driver CPC part 4 practical demonstration test.\n\nThe pass letter is valid for 2 years.\n\nYou need to pass the Driver CPC part 4 practical demonstration test within 2 years, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the part 2 case studies test again.\n\n## If you fail the test\n\nYou\u2019ll get a result letter with feedback telling you why you\u2019ve failed.\n\nYou can book another case studies test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Driver CPC part 3 test: driving ability\n\nYou must have passed the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) part 1 theory test before you can book the Driver CPC part 3 test.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring a lorry or a bus or coach that meets the rules.\n\nYou must bring a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one.\n\nYou must also bring one of the following:\n\n- a Great Britain photocard driving licence\n\n- a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart\n\n- an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)\n\nIf you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring these.\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\nYour test will be cancelled if you come for your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not come for your driving test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## How the test works\n\nYour practical test will last about 1 hour and 30 minutes and includes:\n\n- vehicle safety questions\n\n- practical road driving\n\n- off-road exercises\n\n## Vehicle safety questions\n\nDuring your test you\u2019ll be asked vehicle safety questions on either:\n\n- lorries, buses and coaches\n\n- lorries, buses and coaches towing trailers\n\n## Practical road driving\n\nDuring your practical road driving, the examiner will see how you:\n\n- use the vehicle controls\n\n- move away at an angle, uphill and downhill\n\n- do a controlled stop\n\n- use the mirrors\n\n- give appropriate signals\n\n- show awareness and anticipation of other road users\u2019 intentions\n\n- manage your progress and control your vehicle speed\n\n- deal with hazards\n\n- select a safe place to stop\n\nThere will also be 10 minutes of independent driving, designed to test your ability to drive safely while making independent decisions.\n\n## Off-road exercises\n\nThe off-road exercises will include:\n\n- an \u2018S\u2019 shaped reverse into a bay\n\n- showing the uncoupling and recoupling procedure if you\u2019re taking a test with a trailer\n\n## During the test\n\nYou can carry on if you make a mistake during your driving test.\n\nIf you make a mistake which means you\u2019ve failed, your driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre. The test will end early.\n\n## Test result\n\nAfter you\u2019ve taken the practical test your examiner will tell you if you\u2019ve passed and explain how you did.\n\nYou\u2019ll pass your test if you make:\n\n- 15 or fewer driving faults\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults\n\nIf you fail, you can book another driving test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Driver CPC part 4 test: practical demonstration\n\nYou must have passed the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) part 2 test before you can book the Driver CPC part 4 test.\n\n## Book your test\n\nYou can either:\n\n- arrange a test with your trainer\n\n- book a test yourself\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring a lorry or a bus or coach that meets the rules.\n\nYou must bring a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one.\n\nYou must also bring one of the following:\n\n- a Great Britain photocard driving licence\n\n- a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart\n\n- an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)\n\nIf you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring these.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your driving test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\nYour test will be cancelled if you go to your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.\n\n## How the test works\n\nYou\u2019re tested on being able to:\n\n- load the vehicle following safety rules and to keep it secure\n\n- stop trafficking in illegal immigrants\n\n- assess emergency situations\n\n- reduce physical risks to yourself or others\n\n- do a walkaround vehicle safety check\n\nThe test is made up of 5 topics from the Driver CPC syllabus. You can score up to 20 points for each topic.\n\nTo pass you have to score at least 15 out of 20 in each topic area and have an overall score of at least 80 out of 100.\n\n## Test result\n\nAt the end of your test the examiner will tell you if you\u2019ve passed.\n\nIf you fail, you can book another driving test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## After you\u2019ve qualified\n\nAfter you\u2019ve passed all 4 of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) tests, you\u2019ll be sent a Driver CPC card. This is sometimes called a \u2018driver qualification card\u2019 or \u2018DQC\u2019.\n\nYou must carry your Driver CPC card while driving a lorry, bus or coach professionally. If you drive a heavy goods vehicle (HGV) outside the UK, check what documents you need to carry.\n\nYou can get a \u00a350 fixed penalty for driving professionally without your Driver CPC card.\n\n## Getting your Driver CPC card\n\nThe card will be sent to the address on your driving licence. You need to change this address first if it\u2019s wrong.\n\nThe photograph and signature on your photocard licence will be used on your Driver CPC card.\n\n## Waiting for your card\n\nYou can drive professionally if you\u2019ve passed all the tests and you\u2019re waiting for your Driver CPC card to arrive.\n\n## If your card does not arrive\n\nYou should get your Driver CPC card within 20 days of passing the final test. Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you do not receive it.\n\nYou have to pay \u00a325 if:\n\n- you take longer than 3 months to tell DVSA it has not arrived\n\n- it\u2019s sent to an old address because you have not updated your licence\n\n## Replace your card\n\nYou must replace your Driver CPC card if it\u2019s lost or stolen.\n\nThe Driver CPC card does not have your address on it, so you do not have to get a new one if your address changes.\n\n## Staying qualified\n\nEvery 5 years you must:\n\n- take 35 hours of Driver CPC training to keep driving professionally\n\n- renew your lorry or bus driving licence\n\nIf you\u2019re 65 or over you must renew your lorry or bus driving licence every year.\n\n## Fees\n\n## Provisional licence\n\n| | Cost |\n\n| Application for a provisional lorry or bus licence | No charge |\n\n## Test costs\n\n| | Weekday | Evening, weekend and bank holiday |\n\n| Driver CPC part 1 - theory - (multiple-choice) | \u00a326 | \u00a326 |\n\n| Driver CPC part 1 - theory - (hazard perception) | \u00a311 | \u00a311 |\n\n| Driver CPC part 2 - case studies | \u00a323 | \u00a323 |\n\n| Driver CPC part 3 - driving ability | \u00a3115 | \u00a3141 |\n\n| Driver CPC part 4 - practical demonstration | \u00a355 | \u00a363 |\n\nThese are the prices to book your tests using the official service. Unofficial websites may charge more.\n\n## Driver CPC card costs\n\n| | Cost |\n\n| Driver CPC card (non-UK driving licences only) | \u00a325 |\n\n| Replacement for lost, stolen or damaged card | \u00a325 |\n\n## NVT concession fees\n\n| | Cost |\n\n| National Vocational Training (NVT) concession card | \u00a325 |", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-lorry-bus-driver", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I aim to driving a lorry for non-commercial reasons, but I am only going to stand in every so often. It is not my main job. The distance I will be travelling is going to be 120 miles with a load.", + "original_question": "Do I need a licence with these conditions?" + }, + { + "id": "train-452", + "question": "Scenario: We are driving through France and Spain for a holiday. We have been told that you do not need to have a GB sticker when you have a flag on the number plate. Our licence plate has the flag of the Red Dragon of Wales.\n\nQuestion: Is this sufficient for travelling through France and Spain?\n\nDocument - Displaying number plates:\n## Overview\n\nNumber plates (also known as licence plates) must show your registration number correctly. You cannot rearrange letters or numbers, or alter them so that they\u2019re hard to read.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a31,000 and your vehicle will fail its MOT test if you drive with incorrectly displayed number plates.\n\nThe current vehicle registration number format was introduced in 2001. It consists of:\n\n- 2 letters (these refer to the region in the country where your vehicle was first registered)\n\n- 2 numbers (these tell you when it was issued)\n\n- 3 letters chosen at random\n\nYou can get theft-resistant number plates - these make it harder for someone to remove them from your vehicle quickly and reuse them. Ask your local car dealer or registered number plate supplier for more information.\n\nYou can also get personalised number plates.\n\n## Rules for number plates\n\nThe number plates on your vehicle must:\n\n- be made from a reflective material\n\n- display black characters on a white background (front plate)\n\n- display black characters on a yellow background (rear plate)\n\n- not have a background pattern\n\nCharacters on a number plate can be 3D.\n\n## If you ride a motorbike or motor tricycle\n\nMotorcycles and motor tricycles registered on or after 1 September 2001 must only display a number plate at the rear of the vehicle.\n\nIf you ride a motorbike or motor tricycle registered before 1 September 2001 you can also display a number plate at the front, but you do not have to.\n\nMotorcycle and motor tricycle number plate numbers should be on 2 lines.\n\n## Towing a trailer\n\nYour trailer must display the same number plate as the vehicle you\u2019re towing it with. If you\u2019re towing more than one trailer, the number plate must be fixed to the trailer at the back.\n\n## Taking commercial or heavy trailers abroad\n\nIf your trailer needs to be registered to go abroad, you need to fix the trailer registration plate to the back, as well as the towing vehicle\u2019s number plate.\n\nFix the trailer registration plate as far away as possible from the towing vehicle\u2019s number plate.\n\nIf you cannot fix the trailer registration plate on the back of your trailer, fix it to both sides instead. Make sure they\u2019re clearly visible.\n\n## Letter spacing, size and style\n\nThe characters on a number plate need to be a certain height and size.\n\nRead leaflet INF104: vehicle registration numbers and number plates - height and size measurement, for more information.\n\nIf you have a trailer, read leaflet INF291: trailer registration numbers and number plates.\n\n## Getting number plates made up\n\nYou can only get a number plate made up from a registered number plate supplier.\n\nThe supplier will need to see original documents that:\n\n- prove your name and address\n\n- show you\u2019re allowed to use the registration number\n\n## Identity documents\n\nYou can use the following to confirm your name and address:\n\n- driving licence\n\n- utility, Council Tax or rates bill from the last 6 months\n\n- bank or building society statement from the last 6 months\n\n- national identity card\n\nThe following will confirm your name only:\n\n- passport - does not have to be issued in the UK\n\n- bank or building society debit or credit card\n\n- police warrant card\n\n- armed forces identity card\n\n## Proving you can use the registration number\n\nYou must bring one of the following to show you\u2019re allowed to display the registration number:\n\n- vehicle registration certificate (V5C or V5CNI)\n\n- green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip from the V5C or V5CNI\n\n- certificate of entitlement (V750 or V750NI) to the number\n\n- retention document (V778)\n\n- a renewal reminder for vehicle tax or SORN (V11 or V11NI)\n\n- temporary registration certificate (V379 or V379NI)\n\n- a number plate authorisation certificate (V948) with an official stamp from the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA)\n\n- an electronic number plate authorisation certificate (eV948 or eV948/2)\n\n- a letter of authorisation from a fleet operator (including lease or hire company) quoting the document reference number from the registration certificate\n\n- if your fleet is in the new V5C on demand scheme (also called \u2018V5C suppression\u2019), a PDF of the vehicle\u2019s details from the view vehicle record service\n\n- UK trailer registration certificate (VTRC)\n\n## Flags, symbols and identifiers\n\nYou can display one of the following flags with identifying letters on the left-hand side of the number plate:\n\n- Union flag (also known as the Union Jack)\n\n- Cross of St George\n\n- Cross of St Andrew - also known as the Saltire\n\n- Red Dragon of Wales\n\nThe letters, or national identifiers, you can have are:\n\n- GREAT BRITAIN, Great Britain or GB\n\n- UNITED KINGDOM, United Kingdom or UK\n\n- CYMRU, Cymru, CYM or Cym\n\n- ENGLAND, England, ENG, Eng\n\n- SCOTLAND, Scotland, SCO or Sco\n\n- WALES or Wales\n\nThe flag must be above the identifier. You cannot have the flag or letters on the number plate margin, and neither can be more than 50 millimetres wide.\n\n## Travelling in Europe\n\nIf your number plate includes the GB identifier with the Union flag (also known as the Union Jack), you do not need a GB sticker. But you will need to display a GB sticker clearly on the rear of your vehicle if your number plate has any of the following:\n\n- a Euro symbol\n\n- a national flag of England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- numbers and letters only - no flag or identifier\n\nIf you\u2019re in Spain, Cyprus or Malta, you must display a GB sticker no matter what is on your number plate.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/displaying-number-plates", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are driving through France and Spain for a holiday. We have been told that you do not need to have a GB sticker when you have a flag on the number plate. Our licence plate has the flag of the Red Dragon of Wales.", + "original_question": "Is this sufficient for travelling through France and Spain?" + }, + { + "id": "train-455", + "question": "Scenario: I am a professional lorry driver and I have worked as a goods vehicle operator for 10 years. Recently I applied for HGV driver job vacancy and the recruitment agency demanded that I produce my Driver CPC.\n\nQuestion: Is Driver CPC a mandatory when hiring professional lorry drivers?\n\nDocument - Being a goods vehicle operator:\n## Overview\n\nYou need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence if your business uses goods vehicles above a certain weight.\n\nThe rules are different if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou need a licence to carry goods in a lorry, van or other vehicle with either:\n\n- a gross plated weight (the maximum weight that the vehicle can have at any one time) of over 3,500 kilograms (kg)\n\n- an unladen weight of more than 1,525 kg (where there is no plated weight)\n\nThere are 3 different types of licence - what you need depends on the work you do.\n\nYou must also make sure that any drivers you use or employ have the correct licence and training. All vehicles that you use should be correctly taxed and kept safe and in good condition at all times.\n\nSome goods vehicles do not need an operator\u2019s licence - read more about the exemptions.\n\n## Motor vehicles and trailers\n\nYou\u2019ll need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence for a motor vehicle and trailer combination if:\n\n- the motor vehicle and the trailer(s) are plated and the total of their gross plated weights is more than 3,500 kg\n\n- the total unladen weight of the vehicle and trailer combination is more than 1,525 kg\n\nYou do not need an operator\u2019s licence if your trailer\u2019s unladen weight is less than 1,020 kg and you only carry your own goods.\n\n## Carrying goods for hire or reward\n\nYou\u2019ll need a standard licence if you\u2019re carrying other people\u2019s goods for hire or reward (such as working as a courier or freight transport business) and the vehicle and trailer combination exceeds the weight limits above for a single vehicle.\n\n## Types of licence\n\nThere are 3 different types of operator\u2019s licence for goods vehicles. The licence you need depends on where you transport goods to and from, and who you do it for.\n\n## Standard national licence\n\nThis licence means you can carry:\n\n- your own goods in the UK and internationally\n\n- other people\u2019s goods in the UK\n\nYou can also take loaded trailers to or from ports within the UK as part of an international journey, as long as your vehicles do not leave the country.\n\n## Standard international licence\n\nThis licence means you can carry your own goods, and other people\u2019s goods, both in the UK and on international journeys.\n\nAfter you get a standard international licence, you can also request the issue of a UK Licence for the Community. A UK Licence for the Community allows:\n\n- trips between all EU member countries\n\n- transit traffic through EU member countries\n\n- cabotage (a journey entirely within one EU country)\n\n## Restricted licence\n\nThis licence allows you to carry your own goods, but not other people\u2019s goods.\n\nYour licence will continue to be valid as long as you pay your continuation fee every 5 years and operate within the terms of your licence. You\u2019ll be contacted every 5 years to make sure that your licence shows the correct information.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you have any questions about vehicle licences.\n\n## Transport outside the EU\n\nContact the DVSA International Road Haulage Permits Office for help with applications for transport outside certain EU countries.\n\n## Apply for a licence\n\nThe goods vehicle operator licensing scheme is administered by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) on behalf of the traffic commissioners.\n\nThe rules and fees are different if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.\n\n## How to apply for a licence\n\nYou can apply for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence online.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to:\n\n- advertise your application for a licence\n\n- advertise your proposed operating centre(s)\n\n- designate a transport manager if you\u2019re applying for a standard licence\n\n- provide information about your financial situation\n\n- draw up a maintenance contract with a garage or agent to do safety inspections and repair vehicles if you do not do this yourself\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee to apply for a licence.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision on your application within:\n\n- 7 weeks if you apply online\n\n- 9 weeks if you apply by post\n\n## Apply for an interim licence\n\nIf you need a licence urgently, you can apply for an interim licence until you get your full licence.\n\nThe traffic commissioner will only consider issuing an interim licence on receipt of a complete application for an operator\u2019s licence.\n\n## What the traffic commissioners do\n\nThere are 8 traffic areas in Great Britain with a traffic commissioner responsible for each area. You\u2019ll need to hold a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence for each traffic area where you have an operating centre.\n\nTraffic commissioners are responsible in their area for:\n\n- licensing operators of Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs)\n\n- granting vocational licences\n\n- taking action against drivers of HGVs\n\nWhen necessary, they also hold public inquiries to consider:\n\n- the environmental suitability of HGV operating centres\n\n- applications for new licences\n\n- disciplinary action against operators who have broken the conditions of their licences\n\n## Fees for goods vehicle licences\n\nWhen applying for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence, you\u2019ll have to pay:\n\n- a one-off fee payable on application\n\n- a fee for the issue of a licence\n\n- a fee for the issue of an interim licence (if applicable)\n\nYou\u2019ll then have to pay a continuation fee every 5 years to keep your licence active.\n\n| Action | Fee |\n\n| Application for a licence | \u00a3257 |\n\n| Issue of a licence | \u00a3401 |\n\n| Continuation of a licence after 5 years | \u00a3401 |\n\n| Issue of an interim licence | \u00a368 |\n\n| Major change to a licence | \u00a3257 |\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay your fees:\n\n- online when you apply for a vehicle operator licence\n\n- by phone - call the DVSA Helpline on 0300 123 9000 to pay for the interim, issuing and continuation fees (find out about call charges)\n\n- by post - cheques should be made payable to \u2018DVSA\u2019 and sent to the following address\n\n## Operating centres\n\nYour operating centre is where your vehicles are normally kept when not in use. When you apply for an operator\u2019s licence, you\u2019ll be asked to give the address of your proposed centre(s) and information about the numbers of trailers and vehicles you will keep there.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that your operating centre:\n\n- is large enough\n\n- has safe access\n\n- is in an environmentally acceptable location\n\nIf you do not own the operating centre, you must show that you\u2019re allowed to use it.\n\n## Advertising your application for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence\n\nYou must advertise your application for a licence in a local newspaper and supply details of your proposed operating centre. This advertisement must appear at least once in the period from 21 days before to 21 days after you make your application, to give people the chance to object.\n\nYour application may be refused if you do not advertise the centre properly.\n\n## Objecting to an application for a goods vehicle operator licence\n\nLocal councils, planning authorities, police, trade associations, trade unions and other bodies may object to your application for a licence.\n\nObjections may be made on the grounds of:\n\n- your fitness to operate\n\n- your financial arrangements\n\n- your professional competence\n\n- the environmental impact of the operating centre\n\n- the general suitability of the centre\n\nYour operating centre will need to meet certain conditions and not interfere with any local amenities. Certain things will be taken into account, like:\n\n- its effect on the surrounding environment\n\n- planning permissions or applications relating to the centre or the land near it\n\n- the number, type and size of vehicles using the centre\n\n- where and how vehicles will park\n\n- how often and for what purpose the centre will be used\n\n## Maintaining your vehicles\n\nYou must keep your vehicles safe and in good condition at all times. You\u2019ll have to keep records of all safety inspections and maintenance that you or your maintenance contractor do for a minimum of 15 months.\n\n## Carrying out your own inspections and maintenance\n\nIf you carry out your own safety inspections and maintenance, you must keep records that include:\n\n- vehicle details\n\n- a list of all items to be inspected\n\n- when and by whom the inspection is carried out\n\n- the result of the inspection\n\n- details of any work carried out\n\n- a declaration that any defects have been properly fixed\n\n## Walkaround checks\n\nYou must make sure your drivers carry out a \u2018walkaround check\u2019 before driving a vehicle for the first time each day.\n\n## Using a maintenance provider\n\nIf you do not do this work yourself, you must provide the traffic commissioner with a copy of a contract with a maintenance provider. You\u2019re still responsible for the condition of your vehicles and trailers, even if they are maintained for you by someone else.\n\nRead the guidance to find out how to keep your vehicle in a roadworthy condition.\n\nThere are also specific roadworthiness checks for recovery vehicles and for horse boxes and trailers.\n\n## Employing or using drivers\n\nIf you employ or give work to drivers, you must check that they have the correct licence and training to drive goods vehicles.\n\nProfessional lorry drivers need to hold a Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (Driver CPC).\n\nIf you employ or give work to foreign drivers, you should make sure they understand the rules for driving in the UK. The Highways Agency has produced guides for foreign HGV drivers in 6 languages.\n\n## Make changes to your licence\n\nYou can make changes to your goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence once you have it, for example add more vehicles to it.\n\nYou can update your licence online.\n\nYou must apply by post if you want to transfer your operating centre to another operator. Download and fill in form GV72 - the address is on the form.\n\n## Order a replacement licence\n\nWrite to the Office of the Traffic Commissioner if you need to replace your licence.\n\n## What happens if you break the terms of your licence\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency carries out regular roadside vehicle checks and checks on operating centres. They then submit information to the independent traffic commissioners.\n\nYour vehicle may be prohibited or immobilised if a DVSA roadside check finds that:\n\n- it\u2019s been overloaded\n\n- it\u2019s unroadworthy\n\n- it breaks the rules on the transport of dangerous goods\n\n- a driver has broken drivers\u2019 hours regulations\n\nYour licence could be taken away, suspended or restricted by the traffic commissioner if you:\n\n- break any of the terms or conditions of your licence\n\n- do not meet health and safety conditions\n\n- are convicted of certain offences\n\n- are made bankrupt or (if the licence holder is a company) that company goes into liquidation, administration or receivership\n\n- use a place not listed on the licence as an operating centre\n\n- are given a prohibition notice by DVSA following an inspection\n\nThe traffic commissioner may decide to call you to a public inquiry to consider if any action against your licence is necessary.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence if your vehicle:\n\n- was first used before 1977, has an unladen weight of 1,525 kilograms or less and a maximum gross plated weight over 3,500 kilograms\n\n- is using public roads for less than 6 miles a week whilst moving between private premises belonging to the same person as the vehicle (if the vehicle\u2019s used for excavation or demolition it does not matter who it belongs to)\n\n- is being used on trade plates\n\n- is a passenger carrying vehicle\n\n## Categories of vehicles that are exempt\n\nSeveral types of vehicle do not need an operator\u2019s licence, including:\n\n- military vehicles\n\n- snow ploughs and gritters\n\n- emergency service vehicles (including those used by gas, electricity, water and telephone companies)\n\n- hearses\n\n- recovery vehicles (only if they\u2019re used exclusively for that purpose)\n\n- tractors and agricultural vehicles used in certain circumstances\n\nRead the guidance to find out more about the vehicle operator licensing system.\n\n## Categories of vehicles that are not exempt\n\nThese types of vehicles are never exempt:\n\n- mobile exhibition vehicles\n\n- catering vehicles\n\n- mobile shops\n\n- mobile medical screening vehicles\n\n- vehicles with fixed equipment carrying goods not strictly for use in connection with that equipment, or towing a trailer that\u2019s carrying goods", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-a-goods-vehicle-operator", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a professional lorry driver and I have worked as a goods vehicle operator for 10 years. Recently I applied for HGV driver job vacancy and the recruitment agency demanded that I produce my Driver CPC.", + "original_question": "Is Driver CPC a mandatory when hiring professional lorry drivers?" + }, + { + "id": "train-459", + "question": "Scenario: My brother has a car driving license and wishes to participate in extreme racing motor sports. He wants to take a motorcycle test next month.\n\nQuestion: Does he need to take motorcycle theory test ?\n\nDocument - Theory test: motorcycles and mopeds:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou need to have a provisional motorcycle licence to book your theory test.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test:\n\n- multiple-choice questions\n\n- hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road\n\nYou book and take them as a single test. You have to pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n## When you can take the theory test\n\nYou can take the theory test from your:\n\n- 16th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a moped (no more than 50cc)\n\n- 17th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a motorcycle\n\nYou can take the theory test before or after you\u2019ve taken compulsory basic training (CBT).\n\n## Who needs to take the theory test\n\nYou usually need to have passed a motorcycle theory test before you take the motorcycle test.\n\nFind out which motorcycles you can ride and which tests you need to take.\n\nYou do not need to take the theory test if you passed a moped test after 1 July 1996 and want to either:\n\n- take the motorcycle test on a category A1 small motorcycle\n\n- upgrade your motorcycle licence under the \u2018progressive access\u2019 (also known as \u2018staged access\u2019) rules\n\n## If you have a car licence\n\nYou have to pass a motorcycle theory test before taking the motorcycle test.\n\n## If your licence is not from Great Britain\n\nFind out if you can drive in Great Britain (GB) with your non-GB licence without taking a theory and driving test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your theory test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your theory test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.\n\n## Theory test revision and practice\n\nYou can use books and software to revise for the theory test and take practice tests.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nThe questions in the theory test are based on 3 books:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Riding - the essential skills\n\nStudy these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## Take a practice test\n\nTake a practice theory test to check how much you\u2019ve learnt.\n\nThe practice questions are not used in the real test, but they\u2019re based on the same topics as the test.\n\n## Hazard perception part\n\nBuy the official guide to hazard perception for your PC or Mac to learn hazard perception skills and then test them.\n\nYou can buy it from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\n## Personal belongings\n\nYou will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:\n\n- bags\n\n- earphones\n\n- mobile phones\n\n- watches\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.\n\nIf your test centre does not have lockers, you must:\n\n- turn off your phone before you enter the test centre\n\n- put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test\n\nThe test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 57 minutes to answer 50 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens\n\n## How the test works\n\nA question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.\n\nSome questions are given as a case study. The case study will:\n\n- show a short story that 5 questions will be based on\n\n- be about a real life situation you could come across when driving\n\n## Leaving a question\n\nYou can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.\n\n## Changing your answers\n\nYou can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.\n\n## When you\u2019ve finished\n\nYou can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 57 minutes.\n\nYou can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:\n\n- feature everyday road scenes\n\n- contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards\n\nYou get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.\n\n## What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is\n\nA developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.\n\n## How the scoring works\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.\n\nTo get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.\n\nYou do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.\n\nYou only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.\n\n## Pass mark and test result\n\nYou get the result at the test centre after taking the theory test. You need to pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n| Test part | Pass mark | Points available |\n\n| Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50 |\n\n| Hazard perception | 44 | 75 |\n\n## If you pass\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with a pass certificate number at the test centre. You need this when you book and take your motorcycle test.\n\nYour pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You need to pass both modules of the motorcycle test in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the theory test again.\n\n## If you fail\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.\n\nYou have to book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.\n\nYou have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.\n\n## If you have a reading difficulty, disability or health condition\n\nWhen you book your theory test you should say if you have a:\n\n- reading difficulty\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nYou can ask to hear the test through headphones when you book your test. You can hear it in English or Welsh.\n\nYou can listen to the questions and possible answers as many times as you need to.\n\n## Other types of support\n\nYou can get other support during your theory test if you send proof that you have reading difficulties.\n\nThis can be an email, letter or report from:\n\n- a teacher or other educational professional\n\n- a doctor or medical professional\n\n- an occupational therapist\n\n- an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association\n\nYou can get:\n\n- extra time to take the test\n\n- someone to read what\u2019s on the screen and record your answers\n\n- someone to reword the questions for you\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will select the best type of support for you.\n\nIf DVSA agrees that you need extra support, they will send you an email with:\n\n- a reference number (you will need this when you book your test)\n\n- instructions on how to book your test\n\n## Extra time to take the test\n\nYou can ask for more time to do the multiple choice questions part of the theory test.\n\n## Reading what\u2019s on the screen and recording your answers\n\nA member of staff at the test centre can read out the instructions and questions on the screen.\n\nThey can also record your answers to the multiple-choice questions.\n\nThis can be done by either:\n\n- listening to the member of staff through headphones while they\u2019re in another room - they\u2019ll be able to see what\u2019s on your screen\n\n- the member of staff sitting near you in the test room\n\n## Rewording the questions for you\n\nYou can ask for a member of staff to reword the theory test questions to make them easier for you to understand.\n\nThe person cannot change the technical language that you need to know. But they can change the order of the sentence and other non-technical words and phrases.\n\nYou still need to answer each question yourself.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nYou can take the theory test in British Sign Language (BSL) if you\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment.\n\nA BSL video appears on the screen next to the questions and answers.\n\n## Take a BSL interpreter\n\nYou can have a BSL interpreter with you during the test. Contact DVSA to arrange this. You will not be charged an extra fee.\n\n## Hearing loop and lip speakers\n\nYou can arrange to have a lip speaker with you at the theory test centre or use a listening aid (hearing loop).\n\nTo use either service you\u2019ll need to contact DVSA before your test.\n\n## Other disabilities or health conditions\n\nContact DVSA to discuss any other disability or health condition before you book your test.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-theory-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother has a car driving license and wishes to participate in extreme racing motor sports. He wants to take a motorcycle test next month.", + "original_question": "Does he need to take motorcycle theory test ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-461", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Dina was disqualified for drink-driving.She was given 13 months driving ban. She is an HGV driver and relies from that job.\n\nQuestion: Can she apply for a course to reduce the ban?\n\nDocument - Driving disqualifications:\n## Overview\n\nYou can be banned (disqualified) from driving if you are either:\n\n- convicted of a driving offence\n\n- get 12 or more penalty points (endorsements) within 3 years\n\nYou\u2019ll get a summons in the post that tells you when you must go to court.\n\nSome disqualification rules are different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## How long a driving ban will last\n\nThe court will decide how long the disqualification will last, based on how serious they think the offence is.\n\nYou can be banned from driving if you already have 12 or more penalty points on your licence. Your ban can last:\n\n- 6 months, if you get 12 or more penalty points within 3 years\n\n- 12 months, if you get a second disqualification within 3 years\n\n- 2 years, if you get a third disqualification within 3 years\n\n## Disqualified for 56 days or more\n\nIf you\u2019re disqualified for 56 days or more you must apply for a new licence before driving again.\n\nYou might also have to retake your driving test or take an extended driving test before getting your full licence. The court will tell you if you have to do this.\n\n## Disqualified for less than 56 days\n\nView your driving licence record online to check the disqualification. You cannot drive until it has ended.\n\nYou do not need to apply for a new licence before you can drive again.\n\n## Disqualification outside Great Britain\n\nYou cannot drive in Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man if you\u2019ve been banned from driving on your Great Britain driving licence.\n\nThis is called \u2018mutual recognition of disqualification\u2019. Disqualified drivers from Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man are also banned from driving in Great Britain.\n\n## Check when your disqualification ends\n\nYou can find the date your driving ban ends:\n\n- online\n\n- on the reminder form D27 that DVLA sends you 56 days before your disqualification ends\n\n- on the D27PH letter issued 90 days before certain drink-related disqualifications end\n\n- by contacting DVLA (if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact DVA)\n\n## Apply to reduce your disqualification period\n\nYou can ask the court to reduce your disqualification period after you\u2019ve been banned from driving for:\n\n- 2 years - if the disqualification was for fewer than 4 years\n\n- half the disqualification period - if it was for at least 4 but under 10 years\n\n- 5 years - if the disqualification was for 10 years or more\n\nYou must have a good reason for asking for the disqualification to be reduced. For example, if you think the court made a legal mistake or there were reasons you committed the driving offence that the court did not take into account.\n\nWrite to the court that disqualified you with the date of offence, date of conviction and any other supporting information.\n\nThe court will tell DVLA if it decides to reduce your disqualification period. If it does, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new licence.\n\nIf the court refuses your request you have to wait 3 months before you can ask again.\n\n## If your disqualification is reduced\n\n## Car or motorbike licences\n\nApply for a new licence by sending DVLA a completed form D1 \u2018Application for a driving licence\u2019, available from the DVLA form ordering service or most Post Offices. You must pay a fee.\n\n## Lorry or bus licences\n\nApply for a new licence by sending DVLA a completed form D2 \u2018Application for a lorry/bus licence\u2019, available from the DVLA form ordering service. You must pay a fee.\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nApply to the DVA to renew your licence.\n\n## If you need to retake your test\n\nIf the court told you that you must take another driving test before driving again, you\u2019ll have to apply for a new provisional licence.\n\nYou can drive as soon as your ban is over and you\u2019ve passed the tests you need to take.\n\n## How to get a new licence\n\n- DVLA will send you a reminder 56 days before your disqualification ends - use this to apply for a new provisional driving licence. If you did not get a reminder, order an application form instead. Order form D1 for a car and motorbike licence or form D2 for a lorry and bus licence.\n\n- Book and take a theory and practical test (or compulsory basic training and motorcycle practical test if you ride a motorcycle). Book and take an extended practical test if the court told you to take one. The extended practical test lasts at least 60 minutes and has higher fees.\n\n- When you\u2019ve passed the practical test, ask the examiner to arrange for your new licence to be sent to you - you can legally drive as soon as you\u2019ve passed the practical test.\n\nIf you want to drive a large vehicle (category C) or a bus (category D) the local traffic commissioner must agree - DVLA will ask them when you apply for your new full licence.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019ve got a licence from an EU country\n\nDo not apply for a provisional licence - you can use your EU driving licence to take the test instead.\n\nFollow the usual rules for learning to drive until you retake your test and pass.\n\n## Changes to your name and address while disqualified\n\nTell DVLA if you change your name or address while disqualified.\n\nWrite with details of your old and new address, name if changed, your driving licence number (if known) and date of birth.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Disqualification for drink-driving\n\nYou can be disqualified if you\u2019re found guilty of drink-driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply for a new licence after your disqualification ends.\n\nIf you\u2019re disqualified from driving for 12 months or more, you might be able to reduce your ban by taking a drink-drive rehabilitation course.\n\n## High risk offenders\n\nIf you\u2019re a \u2018high risk offender\u2019, you will not get your new licence until you can prove you\u2019re fit to drive again. You\u2019ll need to pass a medical examination with one of DVLA\u2019s appointed doctors.\n\nYou\u2019re a high risk offender if you:\n\n- were convicted of 2 drink driving offences within 10 years\n\n- were driving with an alcohol reading of at least 87.5 microgrammes of alcohol per 100 millilitres (ml) of breath, 200 milligrammes (mg) of alcohol per 100 ml of blood, or 267.5 mg of alcohol per 100 ml of urine\n\n- refused to give the police a sample of breath, blood or urine to test for alcohol\n\n- refused to allow a sample of your blood to be tested for alcohol (for example if it was taken when you were unconscious)\n\nYou\u2019ll get a D27PH renewal form 90 days before your disqualification ends. You must fill in the form and send it to DVLA to reapply for your licence.\n\n## Medical examination with a DVLA doctor\n\nOnce DVLA receive your application for a new licence, they\u2019ll send you the doctors details so you can make an appointment.\n\nYou have to pay for your examination.\n\nDuring the examination, you\u2019ll:\n\n- complete a questionnaire about your medical history and use of alcohol\n\n- take part in a physical examination\n\n- have your blood tested\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Disqualification for drug driving\n\nYou can be disqualified from driving for at least 1 year if you\u2019re found guilty of drug driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.\n\nYou must apply for a new licence before you can drive again.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-disqualifications", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Dina was disqualified for drink-driving.She was given 13 months driving ban. She is an HGV driver and relies from that job.", + "original_question": "Can she apply for a course to reduce the ban?" + }, + { + "id": "train-462", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 57 year old from York and I have just sat my motorcycle instructor course, I have failed the course.\n\nQuestion: Is there a time limit on when I can re-sit the course?\n\nDocument - Become a DVSA assessed CBT motorcycle instructor:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) motorcycle instructor.\n\nCBT is a training course that most learner motorcycle and moped riders must take before riding on the road.\n\n## Rules for becoming a CBT instructor\n\nTo become a DVSA assessed CBT motorcycle instructor you must have a driving licence from either:\n\n- Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- the EU or EEA - but you must register it\n first\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be 21 or older\n\n- have had a full category A2 or A motorcycle licence for at least 3 years\n\nYou\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.\n\n## When you qualify\n\nWhen you pass you must work for a motorcycle approved training body (ATB) to be able to:\n\n- provide the CBT course to learner riders\n\n- train up to 10 instructors at the ATB to also deliver CBT courses (this is known as \u2018down-training\u2019)\n\n- apply to become a direct access scheme instructor\n\n## How to book your assessment\n\nFill in the application form to book an assessment and send it to the address on the form. There\u2019s no charge for the assessment.\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact you to arrange a date after checking your application.\n\n## If you cannot go to your assessment\n\nTell DVSA by email if you cannot attend your assessment.\n\nYou must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\nYour approved training body cannot tell DVSA without giving your signature.\n\nYour application will become invalid and will count as an unsuccessful attempt if you do not tell DVSA in enough time.\n\nYou\u2019re only allowed 2 unsuccessful attempts before you have to wait a year before applying to take another assessment.\n\n## Preparing for the assessment\n\nStudy the compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus before you take the assessment.\n\n## Other preparation\n\nYou should also study the following official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) publications:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Learning to Ride\n\n- Riding - the Essential Skills\n\n- Theory Test for Motorcyclists\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to bring to your assessment\n\nYou need to bring:\n\n- your valid driving licence\n\n- your CBT1 card if you have one\n\n- a fully taxed, insured and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW\n\nIf you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.\n\nYour assessment will be cancelled if you do not bring these.\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to bring a pen and any notes or training aids to help you.\n\n## What the assessment involves\n\nThe compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor assessment assesses your ability to:\n\n- train learner motorcyclists in the requirements of CBT\n\n- train and guide other instructors within an approved training body\n\nThere will usually be 2 other instructors taking the assessment at the same time as you.\n\nThe DVSA assessor will play the role of a novice rider throughout the assessment.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to deliver lessons based on the topics being assessed. One or both of the other instructors will act as your supervisor. You\u2019ll then swap the roles of the instructor and supervisor.\n\n## Eyesight test\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pass an eyesight test before the assessment starts. You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 26.5 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 27.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.\n\nThe rest of the assessment will not go ahead if you fail the eyesight test.\n\n## Session 1\n\nThis session focuses on element A of the CBT syllabus - introduction to CBT.\n\nThe DVSA assessor will give you an overview of the assessment.\n\nYou\u2019ll then deliver a lesson on the modules within element A of the CBT syllabus. You\u2019re allowed to use notes and training aids. The other candidates will watch your instruction and decide whether it\u2019s valid and achieves the objective.\n\n## Session 2\n\nThis session focuses on element B of the CBT syllabus - practical on-site training.\n\nYou\u2019ll be introduced to the motorcycle that will be used on-site. You should familiarise yourself with it so you can give a controls lesson or basic machine check lesson.\n\nThe \u2018novice rider\u2019 will act on the instruction you give. The other candidates will watch the instruction you give and decide whether it\u2019s a valid lesson and achieves the objective.\n\n## Sessions 3 and 4\n\nThese sessions focus on element C of the CBT syllabus - practical on-site riding.\n\nYou\u2019ll instruct the \u2018novice rider\u2019. The other candidates give a debrief at the end of each lesson.\n\nThe roles will be changed several times so you can prove your ability as an instructor and supervisor.\n\n## Session 5\n\nThis session focuses on element D of the CBT syllabus - practical on-road training.\n\nYou\u2019ll give a lesson made up of 3 modules from element D. The other candidates will supervise you, and then the roles will be swapped.\n\n## Sessions 6 and 7\n\nThese sessions focus on element E of the CBT syllabus - practical on-road riding.\n\nYou\u2019ll ride a motorcycle and follow the \u2018novice rider\u2019 on the road. You\u2019ll have to:\n\n- give instructions\n\n- correct any faults that they make\n\n- direct them over a route on public roads using radio equipment\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your own motorcycle for sessions 6 and 7.\n\n## Your assessment result\n\nYou\u2019ll be given your result and a debrief at the end of the assessment by the assessor. You\u2019ll be sent confirmation of your result by post.\n\n## Passing the assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent more information about how to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a DVSA assessed instructor.\n\nUntil you\u2019ve got your registration certificate you are not allowed to:\n\n- conduct compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\n\n- train any instructors on behalf of your approved training body (ATB)\n\n## Failing the assessment\n\nYou cannot apply to retake the assessment if you fail it twice within a 12-month period. You\u2019ll have to wait until 1 year after the date of the second assessment before applying again.\n\n## Failing if you\u2019re a down-trained instructor\n\nYou can continue to give CBT training if you\u2019re a down-trained instructor, but you\u2019ll have to have a standards check at your ATB in the near future.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 57 year old from York and I have just sat my motorcycle instructor course, I have failed the course.", + "original_question": "Is there a time limit on when I can re-sit the course?" + }, + { + "id": "train-463", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 41 year old from Chester and I have a CBT course arranged which unfortunately I can not attend.\n\nQuestion: Can I reschedule the course for another date?\n\nDocument - Become a DVSA assessed CBT motorcycle instructor:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) motorcycle instructor.\n\nCBT is a training course that most learner motorcycle and moped riders must take before riding on the road.\n\n## Rules for becoming a CBT instructor\n\nTo become a DVSA assessed CBT motorcycle instructor you must have a driving licence from either:\n\n- Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- the EU or EEA - but you must register it\n first\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be 21 or older\n\n- have had a full category A2 or A motorcycle licence for at least 3 years\n\nYou\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.\n\n## When you qualify\n\nWhen you pass you must work for a motorcycle approved training body (ATB) to be able to:\n\n- provide the CBT course to learner riders\n\n- train up to 10 instructors at the ATB to also deliver CBT courses (this is known as \u2018down-training\u2019)\n\n- apply to become a direct access scheme instructor\n\n## How to book your assessment\n\nFill in the application form to book an assessment and send it to the address on the form. There\u2019s no charge for the assessment.\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact you to arrange a date after checking your application.\n\n## If you cannot go to your assessment\n\nTell DVSA by email if you cannot attend your assessment.\n\nYou must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\nYour approved training body cannot tell DVSA without giving your signature.\n\nYour application will become invalid and will count as an unsuccessful attempt if you do not tell DVSA in enough time.\n\nYou\u2019re only allowed 2 unsuccessful attempts before you have to wait a year before applying to take another assessment.\n\n## Preparing for the assessment\n\nStudy the compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus before you take the assessment.\n\n## Other preparation\n\nYou should also study the following official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) publications:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Learning to Ride\n\n- Riding - the Essential Skills\n\n- Theory Test for Motorcyclists\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to bring to your assessment\n\nYou need to bring:\n\n- your valid driving licence\n\n- your CBT1 card if you have one\n\n- a fully taxed, insured and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW\n\nIf you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.\n\nYour assessment will be cancelled if you do not bring these.\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to bring a pen and any notes or training aids to help you.\n\n## What the assessment involves\n\nThe compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor assessment assesses your ability to:\n\n- train learner motorcyclists in the requirements of CBT\n\n- train and guide other instructors within an approved training body\n\nThere will usually be 2 other instructors taking the assessment at the same time as you.\n\nThe DVSA assessor will play the role of a novice rider throughout the assessment.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to deliver lessons based on the topics being assessed. One or both of the other instructors will act as your supervisor. You\u2019ll then swap the roles of the instructor and supervisor.\n\n## Eyesight test\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pass an eyesight test before the assessment starts. You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 26.5 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 27.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.\n\nThe rest of the assessment will not go ahead if you fail the eyesight test.\n\n## Session 1\n\nThis session focuses on element A of the CBT syllabus - introduction to CBT.\n\nThe DVSA assessor will give you an overview of the assessment.\n\nYou\u2019ll then deliver a lesson on the modules within element A of the CBT syllabus. You\u2019re allowed to use notes and training aids. The other candidates will watch your instruction and decide whether it\u2019s valid and achieves the objective.\n\n## Session 2\n\nThis session focuses on element B of the CBT syllabus - practical on-site training.\n\nYou\u2019ll be introduced to the motorcycle that will be used on-site. You should familiarise yourself with it so you can give a controls lesson or basic machine check lesson.\n\nThe \u2018novice rider\u2019 will act on the instruction you give. The other candidates will watch the instruction you give and decide whether it\u2019s a valid lesson and achieves the objective.\n\n## Sessions 3 and 4\n\nThese sessions focus on element C of the CBT syllabus - practical on-site riding.\n\nYou\u2019ll instruct the \u2018novice rider\u2019. The other candidates give a debrief at the end of each lesson.\n\nThe roles will be changed several times so you can prove your ability as an instructor and supervisor.\n\n## Session 5\n\nThis session focuses on element D of the CBT syllabus - practical on-road training.\n\nYou\u2019ll give a lesson made up of 3 modules from element D. The other candidates will supervise you, and then the roles will be swapped.\n\n## Sessions 6 and 7\n\nThese sessions focus on element E of the CBT syllabus - practical on-road riding.\n\nYou\u2019ll ride a motorcycle and follow the \u2018novice rider\u2019 on the road. You\u2019ll have to:\n\n- give instructions\n\n- correct any faults that they make\n\n- direct them over a route on public roads using radio equipment\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your own motorcycle for sessions 6 and 7.\n\n## Your assessment result\n\nYou\u2019ll be given your result and a debrief at the end of the assessment by the assessor. You\u2019ll be sent confirmation of your result by post.\n\n## Passing the assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent more information about how to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a DVSA assessed instructor.\n\nUntil you\u2019ve got your registration certificate you are not allowed to:\n\n- conduct compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\n\n- train any instructors on behalf of your approved training body (ATB)\n\n## Failing the assessment\n\nYou cannot apply to retake the assessment if you fail it twice within a 12-month period. You\u2019ll have to wait until 1 year after the date of the second assessment before applying again.\n\n## Failing if you\u2019re a down-trained instructor\n\nYou can continue to give CBT training if you\u2019re a down-trained instructor, but you\u2019ll have to have a standards check at your ATB in the near future.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 41 year old from Chester and I have a CBT course arranged which unfortunately I can not attend.", + "original_question": "Can I reschedule the course for another date?" + }, + { + "id": "train-465", + "question": "Scenario: I am looking at buying a new boat. The boat I am looking to buy is a canal boat that will be used to travel up and down the canals. I have been told that I may need a Boatmasters' licence.\n\nQuestion: Will the canal boat require a Boatmasters' licence?\n\nDocument - Boatmasters' licence:\n## Check if you need a licence\n\nYou must have a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re the master of certain vessels on:\n\n- inland waters in categories A to D, such as canals, rivers, lakes and some estuaries\n\n- \u2018limited\u2019 coastal area operations - no more than 5 miles from the land and 15 miles from where your vessel sets off or arrives\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined for not having the right boatmasters\u2019 licence.\n\nFind out what types and class of vessels can operate on UK inland waters.\n\n## When you do not need a licence\n\nYou do not need a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re in charge of:\n\n- a pleasure vessel, including hire boats used as pleasure vessels\n\n- fishing vessels\n\n## Using alternative certificates\n\nSome certificates can be used instead of a boatmasters\u2019 licence, including STCW certificates of competency and certificates awarded by the Royal Yachting Association.\n\nIf you have an alternative certificate, you must:\n\n- check if you need a paper endorsement or a boat handling test - read sections 3 and 4 of the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice\n\n- download and fill in the application form and send it to your nearest marine office\n\n- pay the right fees\n\n## Before you apply\n\nRead the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice to find out:\n\n- which vessels you need a boatmasters\u2019 licence for\n\n- what kinds of boatmasters\u2019 licence you can apply for\n\n- what you need to apply for a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- what you need to revalidate a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- alternative qualifications you can have instead of a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- information on local knowledge requirements\n\nYou should also:\n\n- keep records of relevant work and training for your licence application\n\n- check for local regulations, such as byelaws that you may need to know\n\n- check that you have safety training from an approved training provider\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- read the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice\n\n- download the application form for a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- pay the right fees\n\n## Replacing your licence\n\nDownload the application form for a replacement boatmasters\u2019 licence.\n\nReplacing your licence costs \u00a323.\n\n## Renewing your licence\n\nYour boatmasters\u2019 licence usually lasts 5 years.\n\nRenewing your licence costs \u00a331.\n\nDownload the boatmasters\u2019 licence renewal application form. Send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Upgrading your licence\n\nDownload the form to upgrade your licence, or add another area to your licence.\n\nThe fee for upgrading your licence can vary.\n\n## Exemptions under the 2006 Boatmasters' Regulations\n\nYou need to apply for a \u2018Tier 2 Level 2\u2019 licence before your exemption expires if you want to keep working. This will cover all the areas described on your exemption certificate.\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined for not having the right boatmasters\u2019 licence when your exemption expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIf you have an exemption certificate and want to continue working, you must:\n\n- check if you can apply for a Tier 2 boatmasters\u2019 licence by reading section 22 of the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice\n\n- download and fill in the application form and send it to your nearest marine office\n\n- pay the right fees", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/boatmasters-licence", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am looking at buying a new boat. The boat I am looking to buy is a canal boat that will be used to travel up and down the canals. I have been told that I may need a Boatmasters' licence.", + "original_question": "Will the canal boat require a Boatmasters' licence?" + }, + { + "id": "train-466", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 25 year old from Leeds and I have been disqualified from driving for drink driving although I was not under the influence at the time.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible to appeal the disqualification?\n\nDocument - Driving disqualifications:\n## Overview\n\nYou can be banned (disqualified) from driving if you are either:\n\n- convicted of a driving offence\n\n- get 12 or more penalty points (endorsements) within 3 years\n\nYou\u2019ll get a summons in the post that tells you when you must go to court.\n\nSome disqualification rules are different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## How long a driving ban will last\n\nThe court will decide how long the disqualification will last, based on how serious they think the offence is.\n\nYou can be banned from driving if you already have 12 or more penalty points on your licence. Your ban can last:\n\n- 6 months, if you get 12 or more penalty points within 3 years\n\n- 12 months, if you get a second disqualification within 3 years\n\n- 2 years, if you get a third disqualification within 3 years\n\n## Disqualified for 56 days or more\n\nIf you\u2019re disqualified for 56 days or more you must apply for a new licence before driving again.\n\nYou might also have to retake your driving test or take an extended driving test before getting your full licence. The court will tell you if you have to do this.\n\n## Disqualified for less than 56 days\n\nView your driving licence record online to check the disqualification. You cannot drive until it has ended.\n\nYou do not need to apply for a new licence before you can drive again.\n\n## Disqualification outside Great Britain\n\nYou cannot drive in Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man if you\u2019ve been banned from driving on your Great Britain driving licence.\n\nThis is called \u2018mutual recognition of disqualification\u2019. Disqualified drivers from Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man are also banned from driving in Great Britain.\n\n## Check when your disqualification ends\n\nYou can find the date your driving ban ends:\n\n- online\n\n- on the reminder form D27 that DVLA sends you 56 days before your disqualification ends\n\n- on the D27PH letter issued 90 days before certain drink-related disqualifications end\n\n- by contacting DVLA (if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact DVA)\n\n## Apply to reduce your disqualification period\n\nYou can ask the court to reduce your disqualification period after you\u2019ve been banned from driving for:\n\n- 2 years - if the disqualification was for fewer than 4 years\n\n- half the disqualification period - if it was for at least 4 but under 10 years\n\n- 5 years - if the disqualification was for 10 years or more\n\nYou must have a good reason for asking for the disqualification to be reduced. For example, if you think the court made a legal mistake or there were reasons you committed the driving offence that the court did not take into account.\n\nWrite to the court that disqualified you with the date of offence, date of conviction and any other supporting information.\n\nThe court will tell DVLA if it decides to reduce your disqualification period. If it does, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new licence.\n\nIf the court refuses your request you have to wait 3 months before you can ask again.\n\n## If your disqualification is reduced\n\n## Car or motorbike licences\n\nApply for a new licence by sending DVLA a completed form D1 \u2018Application for a driving licence\u2019, available from the DVLA form ordering service or most Post Offices. You must pay a fee.\n\n## Lorry or bus licences\n\nApply for a new licence by sending DVLA a completed form D2 \u2018Application for a lorry/bus licence\u2019, available from the DVLA form ordering service. You must pay a fee.\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nApply to the DVA to renew your licence.\n\n## If you need to retake your test\n\nIf the court told you that you must take another driving test before driving again, you\u2019ll have to apply for a new provisional licence.\n\nYou can drive as soon as your ban is over and you\u2019ve passed the tests you need to take.\n\n## How to get a new licence\n\n- DVLA will send you a reminder 56 days before your disqualification ends - use this to apply for a new provisional driving licence. If you did not get a reminder, order an application form instead. Order form D1 for a car and motorbike licence or form D2 for a lorry and bus licence.\n\n- Book and take a theory and practical test (or compulsory basic training and motorcycle practical test if you ride a motorcycle). Book and take an extended practical test if the court told you to take one. The extended practical test lasts at least 60 minutes and has higher fees.\n\n- When you\u2019ve passed the practical test, ask the examiner to arrange for your new licence to be sent to you - you can legally drive as soon as you\u2019ve passed the practical test.\n\nIf you want to drive a large vehicle (category C) or a bus (category D) the local traffic commissioner must agree - DVLA will ask them when you apply for your new full licence.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019ve got a licence from an EU country\n\nDo not apply for a provisional licence - you can use your EU driving licence to take the test instead.\n\nFollow the usual rules for learning to drive until you retake your test and pass.\n\n## Changes to your name and address while disqualified\n\nTell DVLA if you change your name or address while disqualified.\n\nWrite with details of your old and new address, name if changed, your driving licence number (if known) and date of birth.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Disqualification for drink-driving\n\nYou can be disqualified if you\u2019re found guilty of drink-driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply for a new licence after your disqualification ends.\n\nIf you\u2019re disqualified from driving for 12 months or more, you might be able to reduce your ban by taking a drink-drive rehabilitation course.\n\n## High risk offenders\n\nIf you\u2019re a \u2018high risk offender\u2019, you will not get your new licence until you can prove you\u2019re fit to drive again. You\u2019ll need to pass a medical examination with one of DVLA\u2019s appointed doctors.\n\nYou\u2019re a high risk offender if you:\n\n- were convicted of 2 drink driving offences within 10 years\n\n- were driving with an alcohol reading of at least 87.5 microgrammes of alcohol per 100 millilitres (ml) of breath, 200 milligrammes (mg) of alcohol per 100 ml of blood, or 267.5 mg of alcohol per 100 ml of urine\n\n- refused to give the police a sample of breath, blood or urine to test for alcohol\n\n- refused to allow a sample of your blood to be tested for alcohol (for example if it was taken when you were unconscious)\n\nYou\u2019ll get a D27PH renewal form 90 days before your disqualification ends. You must fill in the form and send it to DVLA to reapply for your licence.\n\n## Medical examination with a DVLA doctor\n\nOnce DVLA receive your application for a new licence, they\u2019ll send you the doctors details so you can make an appointment.\n\nYou have to pay for your examination.\n\nDuring the examination, you\u2019ll:\n\n- complete a questionnaire about your medical history and use of alcohol\n\n- take part in a physical examination\n\n- have your blood tested\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Disqualification for drug driving\n\nYou can be disqualified from driving for at least 1 year if you\u2019re found guilty of drug driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.\n\nYou must apply for a new licence before you can drive again.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-disqualifications", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 25 year old from Leeds and I have been disqualified from driving for drink driving although I was not under the influence at the time.", + "original_question": "Is it possible to appeal the disqualification?" + }, + { + "id": "train-468", + "question": "Scenario: I have passed my theory test. I have been training for my practical driving test. I used driving instructor's vehicle previously but recently started practising on my own vehicle\n\nQuestion: Can I use my own car for driving test if it meets all the rules ?\n\nDocument - Driving test: cars:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou can book your driving test when you\u2019ve passed your theory test.\n\nYou do not need to pass another theory test if you\u2019re upgrading an automatic car licence to a manual licence.\n\nTo pass the driving test you must be able to:\n\n- drive safely in different road and traffic conditions\n\n- show that you know The Highway Code by the way you drive\n\nThe national standard for driving cars tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test. Only take your test when you can do everything without instruction.\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked.\n\nYou can check the details if you\u2019ve lost the email confirmation you were sent when you booked your test.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your driving test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your UK driving licence\n\n- your theory test pass certificate, if you have it\n\n- a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one\n\n- a car - most people use their driving instructor\u2019s, but you can use your own car if it meets the rules\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.\n\nYour test will be cancelled if you come for your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\nBecause of COVID-19 the car you use must have the windows open throughout the test. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nRearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time.\n\n## If you do not have a photocard licence\n\nBring a valid passport and your paper licence.\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nBring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate\n\nYou do not need to get a replacement theory test certificate. Your driving examiner will check that you\u2019ve passed your theory test before your driving test starts.\n\n## What happens during the test\n\nThere are 5 parts to the driving test:\n\n- an eyesight check\n\n- \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions\n\n- general driving ability\n\n- reversing your vehicle\n\n- independent driving\n\nThe test is the same for both manual and automatic cars.\n\n## How long the test lasts\n\nYou\u2019ll drive for around 40 minutes.\n\nYou\u2019ll drive for around 70 minutes if you\u2019re taking an extended driving test because you\u2019ve been banned from driving.\n\n## Eyesight check\n\nYou\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, such as AB51 ABC.\n\nYou\u2019ll fail your driving test if you fail the eyesight check. The test will end.\n\n## \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked the:\n\n- \u2018tell me\u2019 question at the start of your test, before you start driving\n\n- \u2018show me\u2019 question while you\u2019re driving\n\n## Your general driving ability\n\nYou\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways.\n\nThe examiner will give you directions that you should follow. Driving test routes are not published, so you cannot check them before your test.\n\n## Pulling over at the side of the road\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to pull over and pull away during your test, including:\n\n- normal stops at the side of the road\n\n- pulling out from behind a parked vehicle\n\n- a hill start\n\nYou might also be asked to carry out an emergency stop.\n\n## Reversing your vehicle\n\nThe examiner will ask you to do one of the following exercises:\n\n- parallel park at the side of the road\n\n- park in a parking bay - either by driving in and reversing out, or reversing in and driving out (the examiner will tell you which you have to do)\n\n- pull up on the right-hand side of the road, reverse for around 2 car lengths, and rejoin the traffic\n\n## Independent driving\n\nYou\u2019ll have to drive for about 20 minutes by following either:\n\n- directions from a sat nav\n\n- traffic signs\n\nThe examiner will tell you which you have to follow.\n\nThey\u2019ll set the sat nav up for you. You cannot use your own sat nav.\n\n## If you cannot see traffic signs\n\nIf you cannot see a traffic sign (for example, because it\u2019s covered by trees), the examiner will give you directions until you can see the next one.\n\n## Going off the route\n\nThe examiner will not give you a fault for taking a wrong turning.\n\nThey\u2019ll help you get back on the route if you do.\n\n## If you make mistakes during your test\n\nYou can carry on if you make a mistake. It might not affect your test result if it\u2019s not serious.\n\nYour driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre if the mistake you made means you\u2019ve failed. The test will end early.\n\n## Other people at your test\n\nYour driving examiner\u2019s supervisor might sit in on your test to watch your examiner\u2019s performance. If you refuse, your test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again.\n\n## Driving test faults and your result\n\nThere are 3 types of faults you can make:\n\n- a dangerous fault - this involves actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- a serious fault - something potentially dangerous\n\n- a driving fault - this is not potentially dangerous, but if you keep making the same fault, it could become a serious fault\n\n## Pass mark\n\nYou\u2019ll pass your driving test if you make:\n\n- no more than 15 driving faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass your test\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate\n\n- ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this\n\nApply for your full driving licence within 2 years of passing your test if you do not want to get your licence automatically.\n\n## When you can start driving\n\nYou can start driving straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.\n\nContact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nThe examiner will tell you what faults you made.\n\nYou have to book another test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## Appeal your driving test\n\nYou can appeal your driving test if you can prove that your driving examiner did not follow the law.\n\nRead the guidance on appealing your driving test to check if your examiner followed the law.\n\nIf you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)\n\nIf DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.\n\nIf DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.\n\n## Appeal your driving test to a court\n\nYou can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.\n\nYour test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.\n\nYou might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to appeal within:\n\n- 6 months of your driving test in England and Wales\n\n- 21 days of your driving test in Scotland\n\nCheck if you can appeal.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather\n\nYour driving test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.\n\n## If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take your driving test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nDriving tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your car\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used\n\n## If your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty\n\nWhen you book your driving test you should say if you have a:\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n- learning difficulty\n\n- reason not to wear a face covering\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to drive to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.\n\n## You have a disability\n\nYou\u2019ll have time with the examiner once you start the test to talk about:\n\n- your disability\n\n- any adaptations fitted to your car\n\nThey might also agree for you to have more time for instructions and directions during your test.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nThe examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.\n\nThe examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.\n\n## Using a sign language interpreter\n\nYou can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.\n\nYour driving instructor can be your interpreter.\n\nYou need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge. You can claim the cost back after your test.\n\n## You\u2019re pregnant\n\nYou can take a driving test at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to do an emergency stop.\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nWhen you do the eyesight check at the start of the driving test, you can write down the number plate instead of reading it out loud.\n\n## You have learning difficulties\n\nThe examiner will make adjustments for the independent driving part of the test if you have learning difficulties.\n\nThey might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of directions from a sat nav.\n\n## Using your own car for your test\n\nYou can take your driving test in your own car rather than your driving instructor\u2019s if it meets certain rules.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.\n\n## Rules about the car\n\nYour car must:\n\n- be taxed\n\n- be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)\n\n- be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)\n\n- have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light\n\n- have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted\n\n- be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test\n\n- be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer\n\n- have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg\n\nThe MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety\n\nBecause of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.\n\nThis means:\n\n- tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats\n\n- wiping down the dashboard and car controls\n\nThe examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.\n\nThe car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Things that must be fitted\n\nThe car must have:\n\n- an extra interior rear-view mirror for the examiner\n\n- L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear\n\n- a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)\n\n## Dashcams and other cameras\n\nYou can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:\n\n- faces outside of the car and does not film the inside\n\n- does not record audio from inside the car\n\n## Vehicle features\n\nYou can use a car with:\n\n- an electronic parking brake\n\n- hill-start assist\n\n## Manual and automatic cars\n\nYou can take the test in a:\n\n- manual car - these have 3 pedals\n\n- automatic or semi-automatic car - these have 2 pedals\n\nIf you take your test in a semi-automatic car you\u2019ll only be able to drive automatic and semi-automatic cars once you\u2019ve passed your test.\n\n## Hire cars\n\nYou can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.\n\n## Cars you cannot use\n\nSome cars cannot be used in the test because they do not give the examiner all-round vision.\n\nYou cannot use any of the following:\n\n- BMW Mini convertible\n\n- Ford KA convertible\n\n- Toyota iQ\n\n- VW Beetle convertible\n\nCheck with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test if you want to use a:\n\n- convertible car\n\n- panel van\n\n## Cars with known safety faults\n\nYou cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.\n\nYou must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.\n\n| | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date |\n\n| Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and\u00a00N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n## Proof you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring proof that says one of the following:\n\n- the car was recalled and the recall work has been done\n\n- the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done\n\n- the car was not part of the recall\n\nThe proof must be either:\n\n- the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer\n\n- on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have passed my theory test. I have been training for my practical driving test. I used driving instructor's vehicle previously but recently started practising on my own vehicle", + "original_question": "Can I use my own car for driving test if it meets all the rules ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-469", + "question": "Scenario: I have passed both theory and practical driving tests for automatic driving license. I have been driving for the last 8 years and considering to upgrade to manual driving.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to re-take the theory test ?\n\nDocument - Driving test: cars:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou can book your driving test when you\u2019ve passed your theory test.\n\nYou do not need to pass another theory test if you\u2019re upgrading an automatic car licence to a manual licence.\n\nTo pass the driving test you must be able to:\n\n- drive safely in different road and traffic conditions\n\n- show that you know The Highway Code by the way you drive\n\nThe national standard for driving cars tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test. Only take your test when you can do everything without instruction.\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked.\n\nYou can check the details if you\u2019ve lost the email confirmation you were sent when you booked your test.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your driving test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your UK driving licence\n\n- your theory test pass certificate, if you have it\n\n- a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one\n\n- a car - most people use their driving instructor\u2019s, but you can use your own car if it meets the rules\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.\n\nYour test will be cancelled if you come for your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\nBecause of COVID-19 the car you use must have the windows open throughout the test. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nRearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time.\n\n## If you do not have a photocard licence\n\nBring a valid passport and your paper licence.\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nBring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate\n\nYou do not need to get a replacement theory test certificate. Your driving examiner will check that you\u2019ve passed your theory test before your driving test starts.\n\n## What happens during the test\n\nThere are 5 parts to the driving test:\n\n- an eyesight check\n\n- \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions\n\n- general driving ability\n\n- reversing your vehicle\n\n- independent driving\n\nThe test is the same for both manual and automatic cars.\n\n## How long the test lasts\n\nYou\u2019ll drive for around 40 minutes.\n\nYou\u2019ll drive for around 70 minutes if you\u2019re taking an extended driving test because you\u2019ve been banned from driving.\n\n## Eyesight check\n\nYou\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, such as AB51 ABC.\n\nYou\u2019ll fail your driving test if you fail the eyesight check. The test will end.\n\n## \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked the:\n\n- \u2018tell me\u2019 question at the start of your test, before you start driving\n\n- \u2018show me\u2019 question while you\u2019re driving\n\n## Your general driving ability\n\nYou\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways.\n\nThe examiner will give you directions that you should follow. Driving test routes are not published, so you cannot check them before your test.\n\n## Pulling over at the side of the road\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to pull over and pull away during your test, including:\n\n- normal stops at the side of the road\n\n- pulling out from behind a parked vehicle\n\n- a hill start\n\nYou might also be asked to carry out an emergency stop.\n\n## Reversing your vehicle\n\nThe examiner will ask you to do one of the following exercises:\n\n- parallel park at the side of the road\n\n- park in a parking bay - either by driving in and reversing out, or reversing in and driving out (the examiner will tell you which you have to do)\n\n- pull up on the right-hand side of the road, reverse for around 2 car lengths, and rejoin the traffic\n\n## Independent driving\n\nYou\u2019ll have to drive for about 20 minutes by following either:\n\n- directions from a sat nav\n\n- traffic signs\n\nThe examiner will tell you which you have to follow.\n\nThey\u2019ll set the sat nav up for you. You cannot use your own sat nav.\n\n## If you cannot see traffic signs\n\nIf you cannot see a traffic sign (for example, because it\u2019s covered by trees), the examiner will give you directions until you can see the next one.\n\n## Going off the route\n\nThe examiner will not give you a fault for taking a wrong turning.\n\nThey\u2019ll help you get back on the route if you do.\n\n## If you make mistakes during your test\n\nYou can carry on if you make a mistake. It might not affect your test result if it\u2019s not serious.\n\nYour driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre if the mistake you made means you\u2019ve failed. The test will end early.\n\n## Other people at your test\n\nYour driving examiner\u2019s supervisor might sit in on your test to watch your examiner\u2019s performance. If you refuse, your test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again.\n\n## Driving test faults and your result\n\nThere are 3 types of faults you can make:\n\n- a dangerous fault - this involves actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- a serious fault - something potentially dangerous\n\n- a driving fault - this is not potentially dangerous, but if you keep making the same fault, it could become a serious fault\n\n## Pass mark\n\nYou\u2019ll pass your driving test if you make:\n\n- no more than 15 driving faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass your test\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate\n\n- ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this\n\nApply for your full driving licence within 2 years of passing your test if you do not want to get your licence automatically.\n\n## When you can start driving\n\nYou can start driving straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.\n\nContact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nThe examiner will tell you what faults you made.\n\nYou have to book another test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## Appeal your driving test\n\nYou can appeal your driving test if you can prove that your driving examiner did not follow the law.\n\nRead the guidance on appealing your driving test to check if your examiner followed the law.\n\nIf you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)\n\nIf DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.\n\nIf DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.\n\n## Appeal your driving test to a court\n\nYou can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.\n\nYour test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.\n\nYou might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to appeal within:\n\n- 6 months of your driving test in England and Wales\n\n- 21 days of your driving test in Scotland\n\nCheck if you can appeal.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather\n\nYour driving test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.\n\n## If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take your driving test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nDriving tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your car\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used\n\n## If your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty\n\nWhen you book your driving test you should say if you have a:\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n- learning difficulty\n\n- reason not to wear a face covering\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to drive to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.\n\n## You have a disability\n\nYou\u2019ll have time with the examiner once you start the test to talk about:\n\n- your disability\n\n- any adaptations fitted to your car\n\nThey might also agree for you to have more time for instructions and directions during your test.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nThe examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.\n\nThe examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.\n\n## Using a sign language interpreter\n\nYou can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.\n\nYour driving instructor can be your interpreter.\n\nYou need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge. You can claim the cost back after your test.\n\n## You\u2019re pregnant\n\nYou can take a driving test at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to do an emergency stop.\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nWhen you do the eyesight check at the start of the driving test, you can write down the number plate instead of reading it out loud.\n\n## You have learning difficulties\n\nThe examiner will make adjustments for the independent driving part of the test if you have learning difficulties.\n\nThey might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of directions from a sat nav.\n\n## Using your own car for your test\n\nYou can take your driving test in your own car rather than your driving instructor\u2019s if it meets certain rules.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.\n\n## Rules about the car\n\nYour car must:\n\n- be taxed\n\n- be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)\n\n- be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)\n\n- have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light\n\n- have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted\n\n- be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test\n\n- be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer\n\n- have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg\n\nThe MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety\n\nBecause of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.\n\nThis means:\n\n- tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats\n\n- wiping down the dashboard and car controls\n\nThe examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.\n\nThe car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Things that must be fitted\n\nThe car must have:\n\n- an extra interior rear-view mirror for the examiner\n\n- L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear\n\n- a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)\n\n## Dashcams and other cameras\n\nYou can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:\n\n- faces outside of the car and does not film the inside\n\n- does not record audio from inside the car\n\n## Vehicle features\n\nYou can use a car with:\n\n- an electronic parking brake\n\n- hill-start assist\n\n## Manual and automatic cars\n\nYou can take the test in a:\n\n- manual car - these have 3 pedals\n\n- automatic or semi-automatic car - these have 2 pedals\n\nIf you take your test in a semi-automatic car you\u2019ll only be able to drive automatic and semi-automatic cars once you\u2019ve passed your test.\n\n## Hire cars\n\nYou can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.\n\n## Cars you cannot use\n\nSome cars cannot be used in the test because they do not give the examiner all-round vision.\n\nYou cannot use any of the following:\n\n- BMW Mini convertible\n\n- Ford KA convertible\n\n- Toyota iQ\n\n- VW Beetle convertible\n\nCheck with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test if you want to use a:\n\n- convertible car\n\n- panel van\n\n## Cars with known safety faults\n\nYou cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.\n\nYou must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.\n\n| | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date |\n\n| Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and\u00a00N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n## Proof you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring proof that says one of the following:\n\n- the car was recalled and the recall work has been done\n\n- the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done\n\n- the car was not part of the recall\n\nThe proof must be either:\n\n- the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer\n\n- on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have passed both theory and practical driving tests for automatic driving license. I have been driving for the last 8 years and considering to upgrade to manual driving.", + "original_question": "Do I have to re-take the theory test ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-470", + "question": "Scenario: I have just bought a new car and it has defective seat beats with broken latches.The airbag is deploying prematurely it almost caused an accident.\n\nQuestion: Can i report these defects?\n\nDocument - Vehicle recalls and faults:\n## Overview\n\nYou need to get your vehicle, vehicle parts and accessories fixed or replaced by the manufacturer if they find a serious problem with them.\n\nThis includes:\n\n- cars\n\n- motorcycles, quadricycles and tricycles\n\n- caravans and horse boxes\n\n- child car seats\n\n- seat belts and harnesses\n\n- tyres\n\n- components and parts\n\n- agricultural equipment\n\n- lorries, buses, coaches and minibuses\n\nYou can report a serious safety defects with your vehicle or accessory if it could cause injury.\n\n## Recalled vehicles, parts and accessories\n\nIf your vehicle is recalled for a safety reason, you\u2019ll usually be sent a letter by the manufacturer telling you:\n\n- why it\u2019s being recalled\n\n- what you need to do next\n\n- who you should contact\n\nYou will not usually have to pay for any repairs or parts under a safety recall.\n\n## Other ways of finding out about recalls\n\nYou will not get a letter if the manufacturer does not have your contact details, for example for car child seats.\n\nYou can check if a vehicle model, part or accessory has been recalled for a safety reason.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou\u2019re legally responsible for making sure that your vehicle is:\n\n- kept in a safe condition\n\n- safe to drive whenever you drive it\n\nIf you do not get your vehicle inspected and fixed, you could:\n\n- affect any insurance claim you make\n\n- put yourself and others at serious risk\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for driving a vehicle in a dangerous condition.\n\n## Report a serious safety defect\n\nIf you find a serious defect that affects the safety of your vehicle, one of its parts, or an accessory, report it to the manufacturer immediately.\n\nTell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you\u2019re not happy with how the manufacturer is dealing with your report.\n\nDVSA will:\n\n- investigate the issue with the manufacturer\n\n- tell you what action is being taken\n\nThe vehicle, part or accessory can be recalled if it\u2019s found to be a serious safety issue.\n\n## How to report a serious safety defect\n\nTo report the defect you\u2019ll need to give details of what happened and:\n\n- the vehicle registration (number plate)\n\n- the make and model of the vehicle\n\n- the year the vehicle was made\n\n- the current mileage\n\n- the engine type (for example, petrol)\n\n- the gearbox type (manual or automatic)\n\n- any photos showing the defect (if you have them)\n\nIf you do not have all of the vehicle details, you can get some vehicle information from DVLA.\n\nReport a defect\n\n## What counts as a serious safety defect\n\nA serious safety defect is something:\n\n- about the way the vehicle is designed or made that\u2019s likely to cause injury or death\n\n- that happens suddenly and without warning\n\n## What does not count as a serious safety defect\n\nThings are not classed as a serious safety defect if:\n\n- they can be found during routine maintenance and servicing\n\n- you\u2019re warned about them by warning lights, noticeable changes in handling and unusual noises\n\n- they\u2019re caused by you misusing the vehicle, for example overloading your vehicle causing a tyre failure\n\n## Faults with vehicles, parts and accessories\n\nFaults in the way vehicles, vehicle parts and accessories are designed or made have to be registered with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if they:\n\n- mean it could become unsafe in the future if it\u2019s not fixed\n\n- could mean that the vehicle, part or accessory no longer meets the legal standard\n\nOther types of general faults are not registered with DVSA.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be told about faults\n\nIf you own something affected, you might be sent a letter by the manufacturer telling you:\n\n- what the fault is\n\n- what you need to do next\n\n- who you should contact\n\nYou usually do not have to pay to get the fault fixed.\n\n## Other ways of finding out about faults\n\nYou can contact the manufacturer or dealer of your vehicle, part or accessory to check for any registered faults.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou do not have to do anything about the fault if you do not want to. However, not getting it fixed could mean that:\n\n- it becomes unsafe in the future\n\n- your vehicle fails its next MOT", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-recalls-and-faults", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just bought a new car and it has defective seat beats with broken latches.The airbag is deploying prematurely it almost caused an accident.", + "original_question": "Can i report these defects?" + }, + { + "id": "train-471", + "question": "Scenario: I have received a recall letter from my car manufacturer . The letter cites that the car has a defective fuel system which needs to be repaired.\n\nQuestion: Do i need to pay for the repairs?\n\nDocument - Vehicle recalls and faults:\n## Overview\n\nYou need to get your vehicle, vehicle parts and accessories fixed or replaced by the manufacturer if they find a serious problem with them.\n\nThis includes:\n\n- cars\n\n- motorcycles, quadricycles and tricycles\n\n- caravans and horse boxes\n\n- child car seats\n\n- seat belts and harnesses\n\n- tyres\n\n- components and parts\n\n- agricultural equipment\n\n- lorries, buses, coaches and minibuses\n\nYou can report a serious safety defects with your vehicle or accessory if it could cause injury.\n\n## Recalled vehicles, parts and accessories\n\nIf your vehicle is recalled for a safety reason, you\u2019ll usually be sent a letter by the manufacturer telling you:\n\n- why it\u2019s being recalled\n\n- what you need to do next\n\n- who you should contact\n\nYou will not usually have to pay for any repairs or parts under a safety recall.\n\n## Other ways of finding out about recalls\n\nYou will not get a letter if the manufacturer does not have your contact details, for example for car child seats.\n\nYou can check if a vehicle model, part or accessory has been recalled for a safety reason.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou\u2019re legally responsible for making sure that your vehicle is:\n\n- kept in a safe condition\n\n- safe to drive whenever you drive it\n\nIf you do not get your vehicle inspected and fixed, you could:\n\n- affect any insurance claim you make\n\n- put yourself and others at serious risk\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for driving a vehicle in a dangerous condition.\n\n## Report a serious safety defect\n\nIf you find a serious defect that affects the safety of your vehicle, one of its parts, or an accessory, report it to the manufacturer immediately.\n\nTell the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you\u2019re not happy with how the manufacturer is dealing with your report.\n\nDVSA will:\n\n- investigate the issue with the manufacturer\n\n- tell you what action is being taken\n\nThe vehicle, part or accessory can be recalled if it\u2019s found to be a serious safety issue.\n\n## How to report a serious safety defect\n\nTo report the defect you\u2019ll need to give details of what happened and:\n\n- the vehicle registration (number plate)\n\n- the make and model of the vehicle\n\n- the year the vehicle was made\n\n- the current mileage\n\n- the engine type (for example, petrol)\n\n- the gearbox type (manual or automatic)\n\n- any photos showing the defect (if you have them)\n\nIf you do not have all of the vehicle details, you can get some vehicle information from DVLA.\n\nReport a defect\n\n## What counts as a serious safety defect\n\nA serious safety defect is something:\n\n- about the way the vehicle is designed or made that\u2019s likely to cause injury or death\n\n- that happens suddenly and without warning\n\n## What does not count as a serious safety defect\n\nThings are not classed as a serious safety defect if:\n\n- they can be found during routine maintenance and servicing\n\n- you\u2019re warned about them by warning lights, noticeable changes in handling and unusual noises\n\n- they\u2019re caused by you misusing the vehicle, for example overloading your vehicle causing a tyre failure\n\n## Faults with vehicles, parts and accessories\n\nFaults in the way vehicles, vehicle parts and accessories are designed or made have to be registered with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if they:\n\n- mean it could become unsafe in the future if it\u2019s not fixed\n\n- could mean that the vehicle, part or accessory no longer meets the legal standard\n\nOther types of general faults are not registered with DVSA.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be told about faults\n\nIf you own something affected, you might be sent a letter by the manufacturer telling you:\n\n- what the fault is\n\n- what you need to do next\n\n- who you should contact\n\nYou usually do not have to pay to get the fault fixed.\n\n## Other ways of finding out about faults\n\nYou can contact the manufacturer or dealer of your vehicle, part or accessory to check for any registered faults.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou do not have to do anything about the fault if you do not want to. However, not getting it fixed could mean that:\n\n- it becomes unsafe in the future\n\n- your vehicle fails its next MOT", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-recalls-and-faults", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have received a recall letter from my car manufacturer . The letter cites that the car has a defective fuel system which needs to be repaired.", + "original_question": "Do i need to pay for the repairs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-472", + "question": "Scenario: I have passed all four of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) tests. I have received the Driver CPC card as well\n\nQuestion: Do I have to carry Driver CPC card while driving a lorry ?\n\nDocument - Become a qualified lorry or bus driver:\n## Getting qualified\n\nTo become a lorry, bus or coach driver you need to:\n\n- have a full car licence\n\n- be over 18 - but there are some exceptions\n\n- get a professional driving qualification called the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC)\n\n## Who needs the full Driver CPC\n\nYou must have the full Driver CPC if you drive a lorry, bus or coach as the main part of your job.\n\nYou usually need to pass 4 tests to get it, unless you have \u2018acquired rights\u2019 because of your existing driving experience.\n\n## Who does not need the full Driver CPC\n\nYou do not need the full Driver CPC if you:\n\n- do not want to drive for a living, for example you want to drive for a hobby or carry passengers or goods non-commercially for personal use\n\n- drive in certain other situations, such as taking your vehicle for a pre-booked annual test (MOT)\n\nYou still need to pass the part 1 (theory) and part 3 (driving ability) tests of the qualification.\n\n## How to get and keep the full Driver CPC\n\n- Apply for a provisional lorry or bus licence.\n\n- Pass the 4 tests that make up Driver CPC to qualify.\n\n- Take 35 hours of periodic training every 5 years to stay qualified.\n\nYou need to renew your bus or lorry licence every 5 years, and every year when you reach 65.\n\n## If you\u2019re taking an NVT course\n\nIf you\u2019re taking an approved National Vocational Training (NVT) course you can drive professionally for up to 12 months without taking the Driver CPC part 2 and part 4 tests.\n\n## Applying for a provisional lorry or bus licence\n\nThe category of provisional licence you need depends on the type of vehicle you want to drive.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply, order forms D2 and D4 from DVLA.\n\nThe D4 form has to be filled in by a doctor. This could be either:\n\n- your GP - but an optician might need to fill in the section about your eyesight\n\n- a private firm specialising in drivers\u2019 medical exams\n\nYour doctor, optician or a private firm can charge you.\n\nYou can only apply for a provisional trailer (+E) licence when you\u2019ve got the full licence for the vehicle you\u2019ll be driving.\n\n## Order the forms online\n\nOrder now\n\n## Send the forms\n\nSend both forms and your photocard driving licence to DVLA. There\u2019s no application fee.\n\nYou only need to include a passport-style colour photo and original identity documents if you have a paper driving licence.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou should get your driving licence within 3 weeks of DVLA getting your application. It can take longer if your health or personal details need to be checked.\n\nYou automatically lose your lorry or bus licence if you lose your car licence.\n\n## When you do not need the full Driver CPC\n\nYou do not need the full Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) qualification if you\u2019re using the vehicle for:\n\n- non-commercial carriage of passengers or goods\n\n- carrying material or equipment you use for your job, as long as driving is less than 30% of your rolling monthly working time\n\n- driving lessons for anyone who wants to get a driving licence or a Driver CPC\n\n- driving to or from pre-booked appointments at official vehicle testing centres\n\n- driving within 62 miles (100 kilometres) of your base - but the vehicle cannot be carrying passengers or goods, and driving a lorry, bus or coach cannot be your main job\n\n- maintaining public order - and the vehicle is being used or controlled by a local authority\n\n- rescue missions or in states of emergency\n\n- driving for an agriculture, horticulture, forestry, farming or fisheries business, as long as driving is less than 30% of your rolling monthly working time\n\nYou also do not need the full Driver CPC if the vehicle is:\n\n- limited to a top speed of 28mph\n\n- being used or controlled by the armed forces, police, fire and rescue service, emergency ambulance service, prison service or people running a prison or young offender institution\n\nYou can read detailed examples of Driver CPC exemptions.\n\nIf you are not sure if you need the Driver CPC, you should seek legal advice.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nIf you want to become a lorry, bus or coach driver in these situations you need to:\n\n- Apply for a provisional lorry or bus licence.\n\n- Pass the part 1 (theory) and part 3 (driving ability) tests.\n\nYou need to renew your bus or lorry licence every 5 years when you reach 45 and every year when you reach 65.\n\n## Driver CPC part 1 test: theory\n\nYou can book the part 1 theory test of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) as soon as you\u2019ve got your provisional licence.\n\nThe test is made up of 2 parts - multiple choice and hazard perception. You have to book both parts separately, but you can take them on the same day.\n\nIt does not matter which one you take first but you need to pass both within 2 years of each other to get your theory test certificate.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring one of the following:\n\n- a Great Britain photocard driving licence\n\n- a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart\n\n- an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)\n\nIf you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring the right documents.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must stay at home (self-isolate) if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## How the test works\n\n## Multiple-choice questions part\n\nYou can take a practice test to find out how the test works.\n\nThe multiple-choice questions part lasts for 1 hour and 55 minutes, and the pass mark is 85 out of 100 questions.\n\n## Hazard perception part\n\nWatch a video about how the hazard perception part works.\n\nYou\u2019ll watch 19 videos, and there are 20 developing hazards to spot.\n\nThe pass mark is 67 out of 100. You cannot review your answers.\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a letter at the test centre with the results for the part of the theory test you\u2019ve just taken.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve passed both parts, your theory test certificate will be posted to you. You need this when you book your Driver CPC part 3 driving test.\n\nYour theory test certificate is valid for 2 years from when you passed the first part of the test.\n\nYou need to pass the Driver CPC part 3 driving test within 2 years, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the part 1 theory test again.\n\n## If you fail the theory tests\n\nYou\u2019ll get a results letter with feedback telling you why you\u2019ve failed.\n\nYou can book another theory test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if the DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Driver CPC part 2 test: case studies\n\nYou can book the part 2 case studies test of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) as soon as you\u2019ve got your provisional licence. You do not need to have passed the Driver CPC part 1 theory test.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring one of the following:\n\n- a Great Britain photocard driving licence\n\n- a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart\n\n- an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)\n\nIf you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring the right documents.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must stay at home (self-isolate) if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## How the test works\n\nThe test is made up of 7 case studies you work through on a computer. The case studies are short stories based on situations that you\u2019re likely to come across in your working life.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked between 6 and 8 multiple-choice questions on each case study.\n\nThe test lasts for 1 hour and 15 minutes, and the pass mark is 40 out of 50.\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with the results at the test centre.\n\nYou need the test pass reference number when you book your Driver CPC part 4 practical demonstration test.\n\nThe pass letter is valid for 2 years.\n\nYou need to pass the Driver CPC part 4 practical demonstration test within 2 years, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the part 2 case studies test again.\n\n## If you fail the test\n\nYou\u2019ll get a result letter with feedback telling you why you\u2019ve failed.\n\nYou can book another case studies test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Driver CPC part 3 test: driving ability\n\nYou must have passed the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) part 1 theory test before you can book the Driver CPC part 3 test.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring a lorry or a bus or coach that meets the rules.\n\nYou must bring a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one.\n\nYou must also bring one of the following:\n\n- a Great Britain photocard driving licence\n\n- a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart\n\n- an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)\n\nIf you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring these.\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\nYour test will be cancelled if you come for your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not come for your driving test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## How the test works\n\nYour practical test will last about 1 hour and 30 minutes and includes:\n\n- vehicle safety questions\n\n- practical road driving\n\n- off-road exercises\n\n## Vehicle safety questions\n\nDuring your test you\u2019ll be asked vehicle safety questions on either:\n\n- lorries, buses and coaches\n\n- lorries, buses and coaches towing trailers\n\n## Practical road driving\n\nDuring your practical road driving, the examiner will see how you:\n\n- use the vehicle controls\n\n- move away at an angle, uphill and downhill\n\n- do a controlled stop\n\n- use the mirrors\n\n- give appropriate signals\n\n- show awareness and anticipation of other road users\u2019 intentions\n\n- manage your progress and control your vehicle speed\n\n- deal with hazards\n\n- select a safe place to stop\n\nThere will also be 10 minutes of independent driving, designed to test your ability to drive safely while making independent decisions.\n\n## Off-road exercises\n\nThe off-road exercises will include:\n\n- an \u2018S\u2019 shaped reverse into a bay\n\n- showing the uncoupling and recoupling procedure if you\u2019re taking a test with a trailer\n\n## During the test\n\nYou can carry on if you make a mistake during your driving test.\n\nIf you make a mistake which means you\u2019ve failed, your driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre. The test will end early.\n\n## Test result\n\nAfter you\u2019ve taken the practical test your examiner will tell you if you\u2019ve passed and explain how you did.\n\nYou\u2019ll pass your test if you make:\n\n- 15 or fewer driving faults\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults\n\nIf you fail, you can book another driving test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Driver CPC part 4 test: practical demonstration\n\nYou must have passed the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) part 2 test before you can book the Driver CPC part 4 test.\n\n## Book your test\n\nYou can either:\n\n- arrange a test with your trainer\n\n- book a test yourself\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring a lorry or a bus or coach that meets the rules.\n\nYou must bring a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one.\n\nYou must also bring one of the following:\n\n- a Great Britain photocard driving licence\n\n- a Northern Ireland photocard driving licence and paper counterpart\n\n- an EU photocard driving licence (and paper counterpart, if you have one)\n\nIf you do not have a photocard driving licence, bring your paper licence and a valid passport.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not bring these.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your driving test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\nYour test will be cancelled if you go to your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.\n\n## How the test works\n\nYou\u2019re tested on being able to:\n\n- load the vehicle following safety rules and to keep it secure\n\n- stop trafficking in illegal immigrants\n\n- assess emergency situations\n\n- reduce physical risks to yourself or others\n\n- do a walkaround vehicle safety check\n\nThe test is made up of 5 topics from the Driver CPC syllabus. You can score up to 20 points for each topic.\n\nTo pass you have to score at least 15 out of 20 in each topic area and have an overall score of at least 80 out of 100.\n\n## Test result\n\nAt the end of your test the examiner will tell you if you\u2019ve passed.\n\nIf you fail, you can book another driving test straight away, but you cannot take it for another 3 clear working days.\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## After you\u2019ve qualified\n\nAfter you\u2019ve passed all 4 of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) tests, you\u2019ll be sent a Driver CPC card. This is sometimes called a \u2018driver qualification card\u2019 or \u2018DQC\u2019.\n\nYou must carry your Driver CPC card while driving a lorry, bus or coach professionally. If you drive a heavy goods vehicle (HGV) outside the UK, check what documents you need to carry.\n\nYou can get a \u00a350 fixed penalty for driving professionally without your Driver CPC card.\n\n## Getting your Driver CPC card\n\nThe card will be sent to the address on your driving licence. You need to change this address first if it\u2019s wrong.\n\nThe photograph and signature on your photocard licence will be used on your Driver CPC card.\n\n## Waiting for your card\n\nYou can drive professionally if you\u2019ve passed all the tests and you\u2019re waiting for your Driver CPC card to arrive.\n\n## If your card does not arrive\n\nYou should get your Driver CPC card within 20 days of passing the final test. Contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you do not receive it.\n\nYou have to pay \u00a325 if:\n\n- you take longer than 3 months to tell DVSA it has not arrived\n\n- it\u2019s sent to an old address because you have not updated your licence\n\n## Replace your card\n\nYou must replace your Driver CPC card if it\u2019s lost or stolen.\n\nThe Driver CPC card does not have your address on it, so you do not have to get a new one if your address changes.\n\n## Staying qualified\n\nEvery 5 years you must:\n\n- take 35 hours of Driver CPC training to keep driving professionally\n\n- renew your lorry or bus driving licence\n\nIf you\u2019re 65 or over you must renew your lorry or bus driving licence every year.\n\n## Fees\n\n## Provisional licence\n\n| | Cost |\n\n| Application for a provisional lorry or bus licence | No charge |\n\n## Test costs\n\n| | Weekday | Evening, weekend and bank holiday |\n\n| Driver CPC part 1 - theory - (multiple-choice) | \u00a326 | \u00a326 |\n\n| Driver CPC part 1 - theory - (hazard perception) | \u00a311 | \u00a311 |\n\n| Driver CPC part 2 - case studies | \u00a323 | \u00a323 |\n\n| Driver CPC part 3 - driving ability | \u00a3115 | \u00a3141 |\n\n| Driver CPC part 4 - practical demonstration | \u00a355 | \u00a363 |\n\nThese are the prices to book your tests using the official service. Unofficial websites may charge more.\n\n## Driver CPC card costs\n\n| | Cost |\n\n| Driver CPC card (non-UK driving licences only) | \u00a325 |\n\n| Replacement for lost, stolen or damaged card | \u00a325 |\n\n## NVT concession fees\n\n| | Cost |\n\n| National Vocational Training (NVT) concession card | \u00a325 |", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-lorry-bus-driver", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have passed all four of the Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC) tests. I have received the Driver CPC card as well", + "original_question": "Do I have to carry Driver CPC card while driving a lorry ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-475", + "question": "Scenario: I have signed up for my ADI part 3 test. My test was supposed to take place four days ago, but I was told it was cancelled due to bad weather. I received a letter saying my test will be in five days time at 9:00am, but I cannot make that time.\n\nQuestion: Can I rebook my test for another time?\n\nDocument - Approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou can book your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test when you\u2019ve passed your ADI part 2 test.\n\nIt\u2019s the last of 3 tests you have to pass to qualify as an ADI. It\u2019s a test of your ability to teach pupils.\n\nYour driving examiner will call you a few days before your test to agree:\n\n- the start time with you\n\n- where you want the test to start from (either the driving test centre or somewhere within 5 minutes of the driving test centre)\n\nThe ADI part 3 test works differently in Northern Ireland.\n\nThe national standard for driver and rider training tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test.\n\nYou can find driving instructor training if you need help to prepare for the test.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring:\n\n- your UK driving licence\n\n- a face covering, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to wear one\n\n- a suitable car\n\n- a pupil\n\nYou should also bring a log of the training you\u2019ve been doing to qualify as an approved driving instructor (ADI).\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Reasons why you must not go to your test\n\nDo not go to your driving test if you or your pupil:\n\n- have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms, or someone you live with has symptoms\n\n- have been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- are self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your test appointment or cancel your test for free if you\u2019re not able to go.\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou and your pupil must each bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so. For example, because:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. Otherwise, your test will be cancelled if you arrive without one.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\n## If you do not have a photocard licence\n\nBring a valid passport and your paper licence, or your trainee driving instructor licence (if you have one).\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nBring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.\n\n## Rules for the car you use\n\nWhen you take your test, your car must:\n\n- be taxed\n\n- be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)\n\n- be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)\n\n- be a saloon, hatchback or estate car in good working condition - you cannot use a convertible\n\n- have full-size rear seats\n\n- have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light\n\n- have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted\n\n- be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test\n\n- be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer\n\n- have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg\n\nThe MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety\n\nBecause of COVID-19 you must clean the inside of your car before your test.\n\nThis means:\n\n- tidying any unnecessary items away from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats\n\n- wiping down the dashboard and car controls\n\nThe examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.\n\nThe car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Vehicle fittings and features\n\nThe car must have:\n\n- L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear if your pupil is a learner\n\n- working rear seat belts\n\n## Dashcams and other cameras\n\nYou can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:\n\n- faces outside of the car and does not film the inside\n\n- does not record audio from inside the car\n\n## Vehicle features\n\nYou can use a car with:\n\n- an electronic parking brake\n\n- hill-start assist\n\n## Hire cars\n\nYou can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.\n\n## Manual and automatic cars\n\nIf you have a manual licence, you can take the test in either a manual or automatic car. You\u2019ll be able to train people in both types of car when you\u2019ve qualified.\n\nIf you have an automatic licence, you must take the test in an automatic car. You\u2019ll only be able to train people in an automatic car when you\u2019ve qualified.\n\n## Cars with known safety faults\n\nYou cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.\n\nYou must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.\n\n| Model | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date |\n\n| Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and 0N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n## Proof you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring proof that says one of the following:\n\n- the car was recalled and the recall work has been done\n\n- the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done\n\n- the car was not part of the recall\n\nThe proof must be either:\n\n- the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer\n\n- on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.\n\n## What happens during the test\n\nA Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) examiner will watch you give a client-centred driving lesson lasting about 45 minutes to one of your pupils.\n\nYour pupil must drive for at least 40 minutes of the lesson.\n\nAt the start of the lesson, discuss the goals for the lesson and risk management with your pupil. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), this should take no more than 3 minutes.\n\nAt the end of the lesson, give your pupil no more than 3 minutes to reflect on their performance.\n\nThe examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standard for driver and rider training.\n\n## Your pupil\n\nYour pupil can be a:\n\n- partly trained learner\n\n- fully trained learner\n\n- full licence holder\n\nYour pupil cannot be:\n\n- a learner who has just started learning to drive\n\n- an approved driving instructor (ADI) or someone else who is preparing to take the ADI part 3 test\n\n## What you\u2019ll be marked on\n\nYou\u2019ll be marked on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into 3 categories:\n\n- lesson planning\n\n- risk management\n\n- teaching and learning strategies\n\nThe 17 areas of competence are listed in the ADI part 3 test report form, which the examiner will fill in at the end of your test.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to work out if you\u2019ve passed the test, and what your grade will be.\n\n## Your test result\n\nAfter you give the lesson, the examiner will discuss your performance and give you your result.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your grade, along with your completed approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test report form.\n\n| Total score | Grade | Description |\n\n| 0-30 | Fail | Your performance is unsatisfactory, and you will not join the ADI register |\n\n| 31-42 | Grade B | You\u2019ll be allowed to join the ADI register |\n\n| 43-51 | Grade A | You have shown a high standard of instruction and you\u2019ll be allowed to join the ADI register |\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically fail if:\n\n- you get a score of 7 or less in the \u2018risk management\u2019 category\n\n- the examiner stops the lesson because you\u2019ve put yourself or someone else in danger\n\n## If you pass\n\nYou can apply for your first ADI badge if you pass the ADI part 3 test.\n\nYou must apply within 12 months of passing the test, or you\u2019ll have to pass all 3 qualifying tests again.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou can take the test again if you fail the first or second attempt. You must book the next attempt within 2 years of passing your ADI part 1 test.\n\nIf you chose the extra training option (option 2) when you applied for your trainee licence, you must do 5 hours of extra training before you retake the test.\n\n## Failing the third attempt\n\nYou have to retake and pass the ADI part 1 test and ADI part 2 test again if you fail the ADI part 3 test at your third attempt.\n\nYou must wait 2 years from when you originally passed the ADI part 1 test before you can take it again.\n\n## Appeal your ADI part 3 test\n\nYou can appeal your test if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law.\n\nRead the guidance on appealing your test to check if your examiner followed the law.\n\nIf you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)\n\nIf DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.\n\nIf DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.\n\n## Appeal your test to a court\n\nYou can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.\n\nYour test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.\n\nYou might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to appeal within:\n\n- 6 months of your test in England and Wales\n\n- 21 days of your test in Scotland\n\nCheck if you can appeal.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather\n\nYour approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.\n\n## If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take this test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nTests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your car\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used\n\n## If your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-3-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have signed up for my ADI part 3 test. My test was supposed to take place four days ago, but I was told it was cancelled due to bad weather. I received a letter saying my test will be in five days time at 9:00am, but I cannot make that time.", + "original_question": "Can I rebook my test for another time?" + }, + { + "id": "train-476", + "question": "Scenario: I am 20 years old student with a 2 years old daughter. I am pursuing higher education and receiving student finance and care to learn benefits.\n\nQuestion: Can i qualify for learner support?\n\nDocument - Learner Support:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re aged 19 or over, on a further education course and facing financial hardship, you could get Learner Support.\n\nYou apply to your learning provider (for example your college) for Learner Support. How much you get depends on your circumstances.\n\nThe money can help pay for things like:\n\n- accommodation and travel\n\n- course materials and equipment\n\n- childcare - if you qualify\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYour learning provider (for example, a college) decides how much you get. It depends on their scheme and your circumstances.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nThe money could be:\n\n- a direct payment to you - which you don\u2019t have to pay back\n\n- a loan - which you have to pay back\n\n- paid to someone else, for example a landlord\n\nYour learning provider decides how the money is paid to you. It depends on their scheme and what the money is for.\n\nCheck with the student support staff at your college or the National Careers Service about other funding you could get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get Learner Support you must be:\n\n- 19 or over\n\n- studying at a learning provider funded by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (check with your college)\n\nYou must be 20 or over to get help with childcare costs. If you\u2019re 19, apply for Care to Learn instead.\n\nYou can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:\n\n- Professional and Career Development Loans\n\n- Care to Learn\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n## Who can\u2019t apply\n\nYou can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:\n\n- getting student finance for higher education\n\n- on a Community Learning course\n\n## How to claim\n\nApply directly to your learning provider (for example, a college) - they each have their own application process.\n\nSpeak to your student support services to:\n\n- get help applying\n\n- find out what\u2019s available\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nIf you\u2019re not happy with the decision about your Learner Support, contact your learning provider to appeal it.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 20 years old student with a 2 years old daughter. I am pursuing higher education and receiving student finance and care to learn benefits.", + "original_question": "Can i qualify for learner support?" + }, + { + "id": "train-477", + "question": "Scenario: My nephew is 19 years old . He will be joining university this September but he is experiencing a lot of financial issues due to his parents' divorce. He needs help to pursue his dream course.\n\nQuestion: Can he apply for learners support?\n\nDocument - Learner Support:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re aged 19 or over, on a further education course and facing financial hardship, you could get Learner Support.\n\nYou apply to your learning provider (for example your college) for Learner Support. How much you get depends on your circumstances.\n\nThe money can help pay for things like:\n\n- accommodation and travel\n\n- course materials and equipment\n\n- childcare - if you qualify\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYour learning provider (for example, a college) decides how much you get. It depends on their scheme and your circumstances.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nThe money could be:\n\n- a direct payment to you - which you don\u2019t have to pay back\n\n- a loan - which you have to pay back\n\n- paid to someone else, for example a landlord\n\nYour learning provider decides how the money is paid to you. It depends on their scheme and what the money is for.\n\nCheck with the student support staff at your college or the National Careers Service about other funding you could get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get Learner Support you must be:\n\n- 19 or over\n\n- studying at a learning provider funded by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (check with your college)\n\nYou must be 20 or over to get help with childcare costs. If you\u2019re 19, apply for Care to Learn instead.\n\nYou can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:\n\n- Professional and Career Development Loans\n\n- Care to Learn\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n## Who can\u2019t apply\n\nYou can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:\n\n- getting student finance for higher education\n\n- on a Community Learning course\n\n## How to claim\n\nApply directly to your learning provider (for example, a college) - they each have their own application process.\n\nSpeak to your student support services to:\n\n- get help applying\n\n- find out what\u2019s available\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nIf you\u2019re not happy with the decision about your Learner Support, contact your learning provider to appeal it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My nephew is 19 years old . He will be joining university this September but he is experiencing a lot of financial issues due to his parents' divorce. He needs help to pursue his dream course.", + "original_question": "Can he apply for learners support?" + }, + { + "id": "train-480", + "question": "Scenario: I have taken a student out for a driving lesson, but I have forgotten to renew my trainee licence. I have charged for the lesson, but I have been told this was wrong.\n\nQuestion: Can I charge students for driving lessons even when my licence is expired?\n\nDocument - Get a trainee driving instructor licence:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a trainee driving instructor licence after you pass the approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test.\n\nA trainee licence:\n\n- helps you get experience instructing pupils to drive so you can prepare for the ADI part 3 test\n\n- lasts for 6 months\n\nYou can charge for lessons to cover the cost of things like your insurance and vehicle costs.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply for a trainee licence if you:\n\n- have passed your ADI part 1 test in the last 2 years\n\n- have passed the ADI part 2 test\n\n- have had at least 40 hours of training from a qualified ADI in providing \ndriving instruction (at least 10 of which were done in a car), recorded on the ADI 21T declaration form\n\n- are eligible to take the ADI part 3 test\n\n## Being refused a trainee licence\n\nYou can appeal to the General Regulatory Chamber if you\u2019re refused a trainee licence.\n\nThe rules and process for getting a trainee licence are different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Options when you apply for a trainee licence\n\nYou have 2 options to choose from when you apply for a trainee licence. You must either:\n\n- be supervised for 20% of all lessons you give while you have your trainee licence\n\n- do at least 20 hours of extra training while you have your trainee licence\n\nYou can only choose one option and you cannot change to the other after you\u2019ve made your decision.\n\nTalk to your sponsoring approved driving instructor (ADI) or training organisation about which option is best for you.\n\n## Option 1 - supervision of lessons\n\nIn this option you have to be supervised by your sponsoring ADI for 20% of all the lessons you give.\n\nYou must keep a record of the number of hours:\n\n- you give lessons\n\n- you are supervised\n\nThe ADI 21S supervision record form must be signed by both you and your ADI. You must send it to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) when your trainee licence runs out.\n\nYou cannot currently send this by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVSA by email instead.\n\n## Option 2 - extra training\n\nIn this option, you have to do at least 20 hours of extra training in the topics in the training programme.\n\nAfter you get your training licence, you must complete the training within the next 3 months and before you book the ADI part 3 test.\n\nAt least 25% of the training must be practical in-car training.\n\nThe training must be recorded on the\ninstructor training declaration form.\u200b\n\nYou must send the form to DVSA as soon as you\u2019ve completed your training. If you do not send the form, DVSA can take your trainee licence away.\n\nYou cannot currently send this by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVSA by email instead.\n\n## If you fail the ADI part 3 test or you do not book it in time\n\nIf you fail the test, you must do 5 hours of extra training before your next attempt. You have 3 attempts to pass the test.\n\nIf you do not book the test within 3 months of getting your licence, you must take 5 hours of extra training before you book the test.\n\nEach time you do 5 hours of extra training, record it on a new instructor training declaration form.\n\nIf you do not send the form, DVSA can take your trainee licence away.\n\n## Rules for using your trainee licence\n\nYou must:\n\n- be a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person\n\n- get the required amount of supervision or extra training while your licence is still valid\n\n## Displaying your licence\n\nYou must display your trainee licence on the nearside edge of the front windscreen of your car while you give driving lessons.\n\n## Where you train\n\nYour trainee licence shows the name and address of your training establishment. You can only give instruction from there, so you cannot work independently, such as by setting up your own school.\n\nYou must not advertise yourself as an instructor. Any advertising your training establishment does must not make it seem like you\u2019re a fully qualified instructor.\n\n## Changing your driving school\n\nYou must apply for a new trainee licence if you leave a driving school and join a new one. There\u2019s no fee for doing this.\n\nDVSA will send you a new licence showing the details of your new school. You should send your old licence to DVSA as soon as you get the new one.\n\nYou can still give driving lessons while you wait for your new licence.\n\n## When trainee licences can be taken away\n\nThe ADI registrar can take your trainee licence away before it runs out if:\n\n- you break any of the rules for having a trainee licence\n\n- the licence was issued by mistake or gained by fraud\n\n- you fail 3 attempts at the ADI part 3 test\n\n## Not using your trainee licence\n\nYou should return your trainee licence to DVSA if you are not using it, for example because of a long period of illness.\n\nYou will not get a refund, but DVSA will know that you have not had full use of the licence. This will be a factor in deciding whether to give you another licence in future.\n\n## Lost or stolen licence\n\nYou should tell the police straight away if your licence is lost or stolen. They will give you a crime reference number.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay \u00a33 if you lose your licence or cannot give DVSA a crime reference number.\n\nYou cannot currently contact DVSA by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nTo get a replacement, email DVSA with the following:\n\n- the crime reference number\n\n- your permission that DVSA can use your photocard driving licence photo or a previous photo they have on record\n\nDVSA will contact you to tell you how to pay.\n\n## When your trainee licence runs out\n\nYour trainee licence lasts for 6 months. When it runs out you must stop being paid for giving driving lessons.\n\n## Getting another licence\n\nYou can apply for another trainee licence, but you\u2019ll need to pay the fee again.\n\nYou cannot be paid for giving driving lessons when you do not have a valid trainee licence.\n\nYou\u2019re more likely to get another licence if you told DVSA you had stopped using the first, for example because of a period of illness.\n\nIt\u2019s unlikely that you\u2019ll get another licence if you:\n\n- just want more time to pass the approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test\n\n- did not follow the rules for using your previous trainee licence\n\nYou can appeal to the General Regulatory Chamber if you\u2019re not given another licence.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trainee-driving-instructor-licence-the-rules", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have taken a student out for a driving lesson, but I have forgotten to renew my trainee licence. I have charged for the lesson, but I have been told this was wrong.", + "original_question": "Can I charge students for driving lessons even when my licence is expired?" + }, + { + "id": "train-483", + "question": "Scenario: I am motor trader who is VAT registered. I have never used a vehicle registration scheme, and have just become aware of this. I have heard about the secure registration scheme.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to register for the secure scheme?\n\nDocument - Vehicle registration schemes for the motor trade:\n## Overview\n\nThere are 3 vehicle registration schemes for the motor trade. They are:\n\n- the non-secure registration scheme\n\n- the secure registration scheme\n\n- the Register a Vehicle (RaV) service\n\nYou can use these schemes if you\u2019re a:\n\n- vehicle manufacturer\n\n- sole or multiple import concessionaire\n\n- VAT-registered motor vehicle trader\n\n## Using the schemes\n\nWhen you first start registering vehicles, you have to use the non-secure scheme. The other 2 schemes are designed to speed up the vehicle registration process.\n\nYou can apply to the secure scheme when you\u2019ve been using the non-secure scheme without irregularities or issues for 6 months.\n\nYou need to have used the secure scheme for 3 months if you want to use the RaV service.\n\n## The Vehicle Register\n\nThis is maintained by DVLA. It\u2019s based on the information provided on the V55 registration form or by the RaV service.\n\n## Non-secure registration scheme\n\nYou need to complete form V55/4 and send it to DVLA Swansea, SA99 1BE with one of the following documents:\n\n- a valid \u2018CoC\u2019 (certificate of conformity)\n\n- the correct vehicle type approval certificate\n\n- a Vehicle Certification Agency certificate of British National Type Approval (goods vehicles and mutual recognition)\n\nSend the documents along with:\n\n- the registration fee\n\n- the licence fee\n\n- the appropriate customs form for an imported vehicle\n\n- a certificate of newness (if applicable)\n\n- approved identity documents confirming your name and address\n\n- a foreign registration document (for used, imported vehicles)\n\nYou can only apply to use the secure registration scheme after you\u2019ve been using the non-secure scheme without irregularities or issues for 6 months.\n\n## Secure registration scheme\n\nWhen your company has been approved to use this scheme, some of the documentation needed for the non-secure scheme is no longer required.\n\nInstead, you complete the registration process by transferring the data from one of the following onto the V55/1 or V55/2 form:\n\n- European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval Certificate\n\n- National Small Series Type Approval Certificate\n\n- Goods Vehicle National Type Approval Certificate\n\nYou register vehicles by sending the following to DVLA Swansea, SA99 1BE:\n\n- a completed V55/1 or V55/2 form\n\n- the registration fee and the fee to tax a vehicle\n\nThere\u2019s no need to provide evidence of newness with your V55/1 or V55/2 form.\n\nContact one of the following trade associations to get a V55/1 or V55/2 form:\n\n- Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders\n\n- Motor Cycle Industry Association\n\n- Agricultural Engineers Association\n\nOr write to:\n\nYou can also order the forms by faxing 01792 783525 or emailing stores.order.forms@dvla.gov.uk.\n\n## Modified vehicles\n\nVehicles modified before registration - for example with different wheels, tyres or a silencer - may need a:\n\n- Single Vehicle Approval inspection\n\n- Individual Vehicle Approval inspection\n\n- Motorcycle Vehicle Approval inspection\n\n- further type approval work\n\nThese vehicles then need to be registered using the non-secure system with one of the above certificates.\n\nVehicles modified through the multi-stage build process and then type approved, or those using the enhancement scheme, can be registered using the secure registration scheme.\n\n## How to apply\n\nEmail secureformsscheme@dvla.gov.uk to apply.\n\nThey will send you an application pack and guidance notes.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve used the secure registration scheme for 3 months, you can apply to use the Register a Vehicle (RaV) service.\n\n## Register a Vehicle service\n\nThe Register a Vehicle (RaV) service is a web-based version of the secure registration scheme and it can save you time if you decide to join it.\n\nBefore applying for the RaV service you must:\n\n- be approved to register vehicles using the secure registration scheme\n\n- have used the secure scheme for at least 3 months\n\nDVLA staff will provide initial training in the system and there\u2019s also a helpdesk that operates from Monday to Friday, 8am to 5pm.\n\n## Vehicle Certification Agency (VCA) control check arrangements\n\nYou still need to maintain the same paper records for the RaV service, as you did for the secure registration scheme.\n\nThese could include:\n\n- V55 document security (when used as back up for printer or computer failure or other registration purposes)\n\n- derogation forms from potential new vehicle suppliers\n\n- spot check records\n\nThe DVLA or VCA may visit you to make sure control checks and security systems are being maintained.\n\n## How to apply\n\nEmail rav@dvla.gov.uk if you register your vehicles on forms V55/1 or V55/2.\n\nEmail secureformsscheme@dvla.gov.uk if:\n\n- you register your vehicles on form V55/4\n\n- you want to register for the secure registration scheme before joining the RaV service\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll be told how to sign in to the\u00a0RaV\u00a0service.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-registration-schemes-for-the-motor-trade", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am motor trader who is VAT registered. I have never used a vehicle registration scheme, and have just become aware of this. I have heard about the secure registration scheme.", + "original_question": "Am I able to register for the secure scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-485", + "question": "Scenario: My brother sat for his ADI exam . He scored overall 85 marks but failed in two categories of by getting 18 and 15 marks respectively.\n\nQuestion: Upon getting 85 marks. Did he pass the test?\n\nDocument - Approved driving instructor (ADI) part 1 test:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou can book your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 1 test when your application to start the ADI qualifying process has been accepted.\n\nIt\u2019s the first of 3 tests you have to pass to qualify as an ADI. It\u2019s a theory test.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test:\n\n- multiple-choice questions\n\n- hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road\n\nYou book and take them as a single test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.\n\nThe ADI part 1 test works differently in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your ADI part 1 test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days after your last test.\n\n## Revision and practice\n\nYou can use books and software to revise for the theory test.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nThe questions in the theory test are based on:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Driving - the essential skills\n\n- the official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) theory test kit for approved driving instructors e-Learning\n\n- the Driving Instructor\u2019s Handbook\n\nStudy these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.\n\nYou can buy them online or from most high street bookshops.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nBuy the official DVSA theory test kit for approved driving instructors e-Learning to learn hazard perception skills and then test them.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## Lost your licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nRearrange your test if you do not get it in time.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\n## Personal belongings\n\nYou will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:\n\n- bags\n\n- earphones\n\n- mobile phones\n\n- watches\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.\n\nIf your test centre does not have lockers, you must:\n\n- turn off your phone before you enter the test centre\n\n- put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test\n\nThe test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer 100 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens\n\n## How the test works\n\nThere are 25 questions in each of these 4 categories:\n\n- road procedure\n\n- traffic signs and signals, car control, pedestrians and mechanical knowledge\n\n- driving test, disabilities, and the law\n\n- publications and instructional techniques\n\nA question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.\n\n## Leaving a question\n\nYou can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.\n\n## Changing your answers\n\nYou can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.\n\n## When you\u2019ve finished\n\nYou can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 1 hour and 30 minutes.\n\nYou can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:\n\n- feature everyday road scenes\n\n- contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards\n\nYou get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.\n\n## What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is\n\nA developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.\n\n## How the scoring works\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.\n\nTo get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.\n\nYou do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.\n\nYou only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.\n\n## Pass mark and test result\n\nYou\u2019ll get the result at the test centre after taking the test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.\n\nTo pass the multiple-choice part, you must get both:\n\n- an overall score of at least 85 out of 100\n\n- at least 20 out of 25 in each of the 4 categories of questions\n\nYou\u2019ll fail if you get an overall score of 85 or higher, but do not score high enough in each of the 4 categories.\n\nTo pass the hazard perception part, you need to score at least 57 points out of 75.\n\n## If you pass\n\nYou\u2019ll get a pass certificate letter if you pass the test. You\u2019ll need this when you book and take your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test.\n\nYour pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You must qualify as an ADI in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to start the application process again.\n\n## If you fail\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.\n\nYou must book and take the full test again.\n\nYou have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.\n\n## If you have reading difficulties\n\nWhen you book your test you should say if you have a reading difficulty.\n\nYou can then ask for an English voiceover. This lets you hear the test instructions and questions through headphones.\n\nYou can hear the questions and possible answers as many times as you like.\n\n## Extra time to take the test\n\nYou can ask for more time to do the multiple-choice questions part of the test.\n\nTo do this, you must send proof to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) that you have a reading difficulty. The proof could be an email or letter from a:\n\n- teacher or other educational professional\n\n- doctor or medical professional\n\n- an occupational therapist\n\n- an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-1-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother sat for his ADI exam . He scored overall 85 marks but failed in two categories of by getting 18 and 15 marks respectively.", + "original_question": "Upon getting 85 marks. Did he pass the test?" + }, + { + "id": "train-486", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Ann has booked her ADI part 1 test . She has scheduled an important phone call a few minutes before the exam day .\n\nQuestion: Will she be allowed to access her mobile phone during exam day?\n\nDocument - Approved driving instructor (ADI) part 1 test:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou can book your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 1 test when your application to start the ADI qualifying process has been accepted.\n\nIt\u2019s the first of 3 tests you have to pass to qualify as an ADI. It\u2019s a theory test.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test:\n\n- multiple-choice questions\n\n- hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road\n\nYou book and take them as a single test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.\n\nThe ADI part 1 test works differently in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your ADI part 1 test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days after your last test.\n\n## Revision and practice\n\nYou can use books and software to revise for the theory test.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nThe questions in the theory test are based on:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Driving - the essential skills\n\n- the official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) theory test kit for approved driving instructors e-Learning\n\n- the Driving Instructor\u2019s Handbook\n\nStudy these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.\n\nYou can buy them online or from most high street bookshops.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nBuy the official DVSA theory test kit for approved driving instructors e-Learning to learn hazard perception skills and then test them.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## Lost your licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nRearrange your test if you do not get it in time.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\n## Personal belongings\n\nYou will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:\n\n- bags\n\n- earphones\n\n- mobile phones\n\n- watches\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.\n\nIf your test centre does not have lockers, you must:\n\n- turn off your phone before you enter the test centre\n\n- put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test\n\nThe test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer 100 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens\n\n## How the test works\n\nThere are 25 questions in each of these 4 categories:\n\n- road procedure\n\n- traffic signs and signals, car control, pedestrians and mechanical knowledge\n\n- driving test, disabilities, and the law\n\n- publications and instructional techniques\n\nA question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.\n\n## Leaving a question\n\nYou can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.\n\n## Changing your answers\n\nYou can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.\n\n## When you\u2019ve finished\n\nYou can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 1 hour and 30 minutes.\n\nYou can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:\n\n- feature everyday road scenes\n\n- contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards\n\nYou get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.\n\n## What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is\n\nA developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.\n\n## How the scoring works\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.\n\nTo get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.\n\nYou do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.\n\nYou only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.\n\n## Pass mark and test result\n\nYou\u2019ll get the result at the test centre after taking the test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.\n\nTo pass the multiple-choice part, you must get both:\n\n- an overall score of at least 85 out of 100\n\n- at least 20 out of 25 in each of the 4 categories of questions\n\nYou\u2019ll fail if you get an overall score of 85 or higher, but do not score high enough in each of the 4 categories.\n\nTo pass the hazard perception part, you need to score at least 57 points out of 75.\n\n## If you pass\n\nYou\u2019ll get a pass certificate letter if you pass the test. You\u2019ll need this when you book and take your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 2 test.\n\nYour pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You must qualify as an ADI in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to start the application process again.\n\n## If you fail\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.\n\nYou must book and take the full test again.\n\nYou have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.\n\n## If you have reading difficulties\n\nWhen you book your test you should say if you have a reading difficulty.\n\nYou can then ask for an English voiceover. This lets you hear the test instructions and questions through headphones.\n\nYou can hear the questions and possible answers as many times as you like.\n\n## Extra time to take the test\n\nYou can ask for more time to do the multiple-choice questions part of the test.\n\nTo do this, you must send proof to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) that you have a reading difficulty. The proof could be an email or letter from a:\n\n- teacher or other educational professional\n\n- doctor or medical professional\n\n- an occupational therapist\n\n- an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-1-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Ann has booked her ADI part 1 test . She has scheduled an important phone call a few minutes before the exam day .", + "original_question": "Will she be allowed to access her mobile phone during exam day?" + }, + { + "id": "train-488", + "question": "Scenario: I was practising automatic motorcycle and after some 100 days of training I attended the test and passed at the first attempt. I am considering to drive semi-automatic motorcycle\n\nQuestion: Can I drive semi-automatic motorcycle if I pass automatic motorcycle driving license ?\n\nDocument - Motorcycle and moped tests:\n## Booking your tests\n\nAfter you\u2019ve passed your theory test you\u2019ll also need to pass:\n\n- an off-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 1 test\u2019)\n\n- an on-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 2 test\u2019)\n\nNormally, you can book the riding tests separately or at the same time, but you must pass the module 1 test before you take the module 2 test. There\u2019s a different fee for each module.\n\n## Motorcycle and moped tests and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWear a face covering at the start and end of the test (when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner). If you cannot wear a face covering, you must tell DVSA when booking your appointment.\n\nYou can cancel your test appointment and get a refund if you cannot or do not want to attend because of COVID-19. Your instructor will need to cancel your test for you if they booked it.\n\n## What you need to do to pass the tests\n\nTo pass the riding tests you must be able to:\n\n- ride safely in different road and traffic conditions\n\n- show that you know The Highway Code by the way you ride\n\nThe national standard for riding mopeds and motorcycles tells you everything that you must be able to do to pass the tests.\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your tests.\n\n## What to take to your tests\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your UK photocard driving licence\n\n- your theory test pass certificate\n\n- a moped or motorbike\n\n- your compulsory basic training (CBT) certificate - unless you\u2019re taking the test to upgrade your full motorcycle licence\n\n- your module 1 test pass certificate - if you\u2019re taking your module 2 test\n\n- a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Clothing\n\nYou must wear:\n\n- a motorcycle helmet that meets British safety standards (unless you\u2019re Sikh and wearing a turban)\n\n- motorcycle boots or other sturdy footwear that supports and protects your ankles\n\n- textile or leather motorcycle trousers or heavy denim trousers\n\n- a textile or leather motorcycle jacket or a heavy denim jacket with several layers underneath\n\n- motorcycle gloves\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering at the start and end of the test when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nIf you cannot wear a face covering at the start and end of the test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nYou should rearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time. You must do this at least 3 working days before your test date or you\u2019ll have to pay again.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nYou must bring a valid passport and your paper licence if you do not have a photocard driving licence.\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nYou must bring the photocard and paper counterpart if you have a licence from Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate\n\nContact DVSA with your:\n\n- name\n\n- address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- driving licence number\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter that you can take to your test instead of your pass certificate.\n\n## Motorcycles and mopeds you can use for the tests\n\nThe motorcycle or moped you use for your tests must:\n\n- be a solo machine - you can only use a sidecar if you have certain disabilities\n\n- have a speedometer measuring speed in miles per hour (mph)\n\n- display L plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear\n\n- be insured, taxed and roadworthy and have no engine warning lights showing\n\nRead the list of A2 and A motorcycles that can be used for riding tests.\n\n## Subcategories of motorcycles and mopeds\n\nThere are 4 subcategories of mopeds and motorcycles.\n\nIn both modules of the test, you must use:\n\n- the same subcategory as the licence you\u2019re applying for\n\n- a vehicle with the same type of transmission (manual, automatic or semi-automatic)\n\n| | Moped, tricycle or quad bike | Light motorcycle | Standard motorcycle | Unrestricted motorcycle |\n\n| Licence category | AM | A1 | A2 | A |\n\n| Minimum age of rider | 16 | 17 | 19 | 24 (direct access) or 21 (progressive access) |\n\n| Engine capacity | Up to 50cc | 120 to 125cc | At least 395cc | At least 595cc |\n\n| Maximum speed | Up to 28mph | 55mph or above | - | - |\n\n| Engine power | Up to 4kW | Up to 11kW | 20 to 35kW | At least 50kW |\n\n| Motorcycle weight (without rider) | - | - | - | At least 175kg |\n\n| Power to weight ratio | - | Up to 0.1kW/kg | Up to 0.2 kW/kg | - |\n\n## Automatic and semi-automatic motorcycles\n\nIf you pass your tests on a motorcycle with automatic or semi-automatic transmission, you\u2019ll only get a licence for those types of motorcycle.\n\n## Engines with restricted power\n\nYou can restrict the engine power of a motorcycle so that it fits within subcategory A2 (20 to 35kW). You cannot restrict it below half its original power.\n\nThis means that if the unrestricted power of the motorcycle is 60kW, you cannot restrict it any lower than 30kW. A motorcycle\u2019s unrestricted power must not be more than 70kW.\n\nYou must bring proof if you\u2019ve restricted a motorcycle to subcategory A2 - if you do not your test will be cancelled.\n\nThe proof must:\n\n- be on headed paper\n\n- be from a main dealer, official importer or recognised specialist\n\n- show the motorcycle\u2019s number plate (registration number)\n\nYou cannot use a dyno test certificate as proof of the restriction.\n\n## Motorcycles with variable power modes\n\nIf you use a switchable engine control unit (ECU) or variable power device, your motorcycle cannot have:\n\n- interchangeable carburettor heads\n\n- an exhaust manifold restrictor\n\n- a hidden ECU - it must be clear what power mode the motorcycle is in\n\n## Electric motorcycles\n\nYou can use an electric motorcycle or moped if it both:\n\n- has the same engine power as the petrol version\n\n- can keep that power for at least 30 minutes\n\nThis is known as the \u2018continuous power rating\u2019 - you can check this with the manufacturer.\n\n## If you have a disability\n\nYou can use a motorcycle with a sidecar for your tests if you have certain disabilities. You cannot have a passenger in the sidecar during the tests.\n\nYour licence will only let you ride motorcycles with sidecars.\n\nYou might be able to use a different vehicle if you\u2019re disabled - contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test.\n\n## Module 1 off-road test: what happens\n\nYou\u2019ll take the module 1 test in an off-road motorcycle manoeuvring area.\n\nThe test normally takes about 20 minutes and includes:\n\n- wheeling the moped or motorcycle and using the stand\n\n- riding a slalom and figure of 8\n\n- a slow ride\n\n- a U-turn\n\n- cornering and a controlled stop\n\n- cornering and an emergency stop\n\n- cornering and hazard avoidance\n\nFor the hazard avoidance and emergency stop exercises you must ride at a minimum speed of:\n\n- 19 mph on a moped\n\n- 31 mph on a motorcycle\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 1 at the end of the test.\n\nThe examiner will make a note of:\n\n- dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- serious faults - these are potentially dangerous\n\n- riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake\n\nYou\u2019ll pass module 1 if you make:\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n- no more than 5 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate - you need to take this to the module 2 test\n\nIf you\u2019re upgrading your licence through \u2018progressive access\u2019, you must pass module 2 within 6 months. You have to pass module 1 again if you do not.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another module 1 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked the module 2 test you might need to change the date, since you must pass module 1 before you can take module 2.\n\nYou\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not give 3 full days\u2019 notice to cancel your module 2 test. Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\n## Module 2 on-road test: what happens\n\nYou must pass module 1 before you can take the module 2 test.\n\nYou can book both modules at the same time, but if you do not pass module 1 you must wait 3 working days before you can retake it.\n\nThe module 2 test normally takes about 40 minutes and includes:\n\n- an eyesight check\n\n- \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions\n\n- road riding\n\n- independent riding\n\nYou must bring your module 1 pass certificate to the module 2 test, plus all the documents you had to bring to the module 1 test.\n\n## Eyesight check\n\nYou\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.\n\nYou\u2019ll fail your riding test if you fail the eyesight check.\n\n## \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions. These test that you know how to carry out basic safety checks.\n\n## Road riding\n\nYou\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways. You\u2019ll be asked to carry out:\n\n- normal stops\n\n- an angle start (pulling out from behind a parked vehicle)\n\n- a hill start (where possible)\n\nThe examiner will give you directions using a radio. They\u2019ll normally follow you on a motorcycle.\n\nDriving test routes are not published, so you can not check them before your test.\n\n## Independent riding\n\nYou\u2019ll have about 10 minutes of independent riding. This is designed to assess your ability to ride safely while making your own decisions.\n\nYou can ask the examiner to repeat the directions if you forget them - you will not fail the test if you go off the route. You can not use sat nav.\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 2 at the end of the test.\n\nThe examiner will make a note of:\n\n- dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- serious faults - these are potentially dangerous\n\n- riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake\n\nYou\u2019ll pass module 2 if you make:\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n- no more than 10 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass your test\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate\n\n- ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this\n\nYou can start riding without L plates straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.\n\nContact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou have to book another module 2 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there\u2019s bad weather\n\nYour riding test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your vehicle, or for other reasons.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nRiding tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, for example when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is in your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your vehicle\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your vehicle, for example if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules\n\n## Your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty\n\nWhen you book your tests you should say if you have a:\n\n- disability\n\n- learning difficulty\n\n- health condition\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to ride to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.\n\nIf your health condition or disability means you cannot wear a face covering to your test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nThe examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.\n\nThe examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.\n\n## Using a sign language interpreter\n\nYou can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.\n\nYour motorcycle instructor can be your interpreter.\n\nYou need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge.\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nYou\u2019ll do an eyesight check at the start of the module 2 test. The examiner will ask you to read the number plate on a parked vehicle.\n\nYou can write down what you see if you have reading difficulties.\n\n## You have learning difficulties\n\nThe examiner will make adjustments for the independent riding part of the module 2 test if you have learning difficulties.\n\nThey might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of verbal directions.\n\nYou might be able to choose to follow a set of directions using a diagram. You\u2019ll normally be asked to follow up to 3 directions at a time, but the examiner can reduce this to 2 at a time.\n\n## You\u2019re pregnant\n\nYou can take the tests at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to:\n\n- do an emergency stop\n\n- manually handle and wheel the motorcycle\n\n- do the cornering and hazard avoidance exercise", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was practising automatic motorcycle and after some 100 days of training I attended the test and passed at the first attempt. I am considering to drive semi-automatic motorcycle", + "original_question": "Can I drive semi-automatic motorcycle if I pass automatic motorcycle driving license ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-492", + "question": "Scenario: We own a fleet of lorries for our business and, currently, store them out our facility in Dover. We have an operator's licence. We are looking to open a new operating centre near Newcastle, and will be storing some new lorries there.\n\nQuestion: Do we need to update our operator's licence for this new location?\n\nDocument - Being a goods vehicle operator:\n## Overview\n\nYou need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence if your business uses goods vehicles above a certain weight.\n\nThe rules are different if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou need a licence to carry goods in a lorry, van or other vehicle with either:\n\n- a gross plated weight (the maximum weight that the vehicle can have at any one time) of over 3,500 kilograms (kg)\n\n- an unladen weight of more than 1,525 kg (where there is no plated weight)\n\nThere are 3 different types of licence - what you need depends on the work you do.\n\nYou must also make sure that any drivers you use or employ have the correct licence and training. All vehicles that you use should be correctly taxed and kept safe and in good condition at all times.\n\nSome goods vehicles do not need an operator\u2019s licence - read more about the exemptions.\n\n## Motor vehicles and trailers\n\nYou\u2019ll need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence for a motor vehicle and trailer combination if:\n\n- the motor vehicle and the trailer(s) are plated and the total of their gross plated weights is more than 3,500 kg\n\n- the total unladen weight of the vehicle and trailer combination is more than 1,525 kg\n\nYou do not need an operator\u2019s licence if your trailer\u2019s unladen weight is less than 1,020 kg and you only carry your own goods.\n\n## Carrying goods for hire or reward\n\nYou\u2019ll need a standard licence if you\u2019re carrying other people\u2019s goods for hire or reward (such as working as a courier or freight transport business) and the vehicle and trailer combination exceeds the weight limits above for a single vehicle.\n\n## Types of licence\n\nThere are 3 different types of operator\u2019s licence for goods vehicles. The licence you need depends on where you transport goods to and from, and who you do it for.\n\n## Standard national licence\n\nThis licence means you can carry:\n\n- your own goods in the UK and internationally\n\n- other people\u2019s goods in the UK\n\nYou can also take loaded trailers to or from ports within the UK as part of an international journey, as long as your vehicles do not leave the country.\n\n## Standard international licence\n\nThis licence means you can carry your own goods, and other people\u2019s goods, both in the UK and on international journeys.\n\nAfter you get a standard international licence, you can also request the issue of a UK Licence for the Community. A UK Licence for the Community allows:\n\n- trips between all EU member countries\n\n- transit traffic through EU member countries\n\n- cabotage (a journey entirely within one EU country)\n\n## Restricted licence\n\nThis licence allows you to carry your own goods, but not other people\u2019s goods.\n\nYour licence will continue to be valid as long as you pay your continuation fee every 5 years and operate within the terms of your licence. You\u2019ll be contacted every 5 years to make sure that your licence shows the correct information.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you have any questions about vehicle licences.\n\n## Transport outside the EU\n\nContact the DVSA International Road Haulage Permits Office for help with applications for transport outside certain EU countries.\n\n## Apply for a licence\n\nThe goods vehicle operator licensing scheme is administered by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) on behalf of the traffic commissioners.\n\nThe rules and fees are different if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland.\n\n## How to apply for a licence\n\nYou can apply for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence online.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to:\n\n- advertise your application for a licence\n\n- advertise your proposed operating centre(s)\n\n- designate a transport manager if you\u2019re applying for a standard licence\n\n- provide information about your financial situation\n\n- draw up a maintenance contract with a garage or agent to do safety inspections and repair vehicles if you do not do this yourself\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee to apply for a licence.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision on your application within:\n\n- 7 weeks if you apply online\n\n- 9 weeks if you apply by post\n\n## Apply for an interim licence\n\nIf you need a licence urgently, you can apply for an interim licence until you get your full licence.\n\nThe traffic commissioner will only consider issuing an interim licence on receipt of a complete application for an operator\u2019s licence.\n\n## What the traffic commissioners do\n\nThere are 8 traffic areas in Great Britain with a traffic commissioner responsible for each area. You\u2019ll need to hold a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence for each traffic area where you have an operating centre.\n\nTraffic commissioners are responsible in their area for:\n\n- licensing operators of Heavy Goods Vehicles (HGVs)\n\n- granting vocational licences\n\n- taking action against drivers of HGVs\n\nWhen necessary, they also hold public inquiries to consider:\n\n- the environmental suitability of HGV operating centres\n\n- applications for new licences\n\n- disciplinary action against operators who have broken the conditions of their licences\n\n## Fees for goods vehicle licences\n\nWhen applying for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence, you\u2019ll have to pay:\n\n- a one-off fee payable on application\n\n- a fee for the issue of a licence\n\n- a fee for the issue of an interim licence (if applicable)\n\nYou\u2019ll then have to pay a continuation fee every 5 years to keep your licence active.\n\n| Action | Fee |\n\n| Application for a licence | \u00a3257 |\n\n| Issue of a licence | \u00a3401 |\n\n| Continuation of a licence after 5 years | \u00a3401 |\n\n| Issue of an interim licence | \u00a368 |\n\n| Major change to a licence | \u00a3257 |\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay your fees:\n\n- online when you apply for a vehicle operator licence\n\n- by phone - call the DVSA Helpline on 0300 123 9000 to pay for the interim, issuing and continuation fees (find out about call charges)\n\n- by post - cheques should be made payable to \u2018DVSA\u2019 and sent to the following address\n\n## Operating centres\n\nYour operating centre is where your vehicles are normally kept when not in use. When you apply for an operator\u2019s licence, you\u2019ll be asked to give the address of your proposed centre(s) and information about the numbers of trailers and vehicles you will keep there.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that your operating centre:\n\n- is large enough\n\n- has safe access\n\n- is in an environmentally acceptable location\n\nIf you do not own the operating centre, you must show that you\u2019re allowed to use it.\n\n## Advertising your application for a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence\n\nYou must advertise your application for a licence in a local newspaper and supply details of your proposed operating centre. This advertisement must appear at least once in the period from 21 days before to 21 days after you make your application, to give people the chance to object.\n\nYour application may be refused if you do not advertise the centre properly.\n\n## Objecting to an application for a goods vehicle operator licence\n\nLocal councils, planning authorities, police, trade associations, trade unions and other bodies may object to your application for a licence.\n\nObjections may be made on the grounds of:\n\n- your fitness to operate\n\n- your financial arrangements\n\n- your professional competence\n\n- the environmental impact of the operating centre\n\n- the general suitability of the centre\n\nYour operating centre will need to meet certain conditions and not interfere with any local amenities. Certain things will be taken into account, like:\n\n- its effect on the surrounding environment\n\n- planning permissions or applications relating to the centre or the land near it\n\n- the number, type and size of vehicles using the centre\n\n- where and how vehicles will park\n\n- how often and for what purpose the centre will be used\n\n## Maintaining your vehicles\n\nYou must keep your vehicles safe and in good condition at all times. You\u2019ll have to keep records of all safety inspections and maintenance that you or your maintenance contractor do for a minimum of 15 months.\n\n## Carrying out your own inspections and maintenance\n\nIf you carry out your own safety inspections and maintenance, you must keep records that include:\n\n- vehicle details\n\n- a list of all items to be inspected\n\n- when and by whom the inspection is carried out\n\n- the result of the inspection\n\n- details of any work carried out\n\n- a declaration that any defects have been properly fixed\n\n## Walkaround checks\n\nYou must make sure your drivers carry out a \u2018walkaround check\u2019 before driving a vehicle for the first time each day.\n\n## Using a maintenance provider\n\nIf you do not do this work yourself, you must provide the traffic commissioner with a copy of a contract with a maintenance provider. You\u2019re still responsible for the condition of your vehicles and trailers, even if they are maintained for you by someone else.\n\nRead the guidance to find out how to keep your vehicle in a roadworthy condition.\n\nThere are also specific roadworthiness checks for recovery vehicles and for horse boxes and trailers.\n\n## Employing or using drivers\n\nIf you employ or give work to drivers, you must check that they have the correct licence and training to drive goods vehicles.\n\nProfessional lorry drivers need to hold a Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (Driver CPC).\n\nIf you employ or give work to foreign drivers, you should make sure they understand the rules for driving in the UK. The Highways Agency has produced guides for foreign HGV drivers in 6 languages.\n\n## Make changes to your licence\n\nYou can make changes to your goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence once you have it, for example add more vehicles to it.\n\nYou can update your licence online.\n\nYou must apply by post if you want to transfer your operating centre to another operator. Download and fill in form GV72 - the address is on the form.\n\n## Order a replacement licence\n\nWrite to the Office of the Traffic Commissioner if you need to replace your licence.\n\n## What happens if you break the terms of your licence\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency carries out regular roadside vehicle checks and checks on operating centres. They then submit information to the independent traffic commissioners.\n\nYour vehicle may be prohibited or immobilised if a DVSA roadside check finds that:\n\n- it\u2019s been overloaded\n\n- it\u2019s unroadworthy\n\n- it breaks the rules on the transport of dangerous goods\n\n- a driver has broken drivers\u2019 hours regulations\n\nYour licence could be taken away, suspended or restricted by the traffic commissioner if you:\n\n- break any of the terms or conditions of your licence\n\n- do not meet health and safety conditions\n\n- are convicted of certain offences\n\n- are made bankrupt or (if the licence holder is a company) that company goes into liquidation, administration or receivership\n\n- use a place not listed on the licence as an operating centre\n\n- are given a prohibition notice by DVSA following an inspection\n\nThe traffic commissioner may decide to call you to a public inquiry to consider if any action against your licence is necessary.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need a goods vehicle operator\u2019s licence if your vehicle:\n\n- was first used before 1977, has an unladen weight of 1,525 kilograms or less and a maximum gross plated weight over 3,500 kilograms\n\n- is using public roads for less than 6 miles a week whilst moving between private premises belonging to the same person as the vehicle (if the vehicle\u2019s used for excavation or demolition it does not matter who it belongs to)\n\n- is being used on trade plates\n\n- is a passenger carrying vehicle\n\n## Categories of vehicles that are exempt\n\nSeveral types of vehicle do not need an operator\u2019s licence, including:\n\n- military vehicles\n\n- snow ploughs and gritters\n\n- emergency service vehicles (including those used by gas, electricity, water and telephone companies)\n\n- hearses\n\n- recovery vehicles (only if they\u2019re used exclusively for that purpose)\n\n- tractors and agricultural vehicles used in certain circumstances\n\nRead the guidance to find out more about the vehicle operator licensing system.\n\n## Categories of vehicles that are not exempt\n\nThese types of vehicles are never exempt:\n\n- mobile exhibition vehicles\n\n- catering vehicles\n\n- mobile shops\n\n- mobile medical screening vehicles\n\n- vehicles with fixed equipment carrying goods not strictly for use in connection with that equipment, or towing a trailer that\u2019s carrying goods", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-a-goods-vehicle-operator", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We own a fleet of lorries for our business and, currently, store them out our facility in Dover. We have an operator's licence. We are looking to open a new operating centre near Newcastle, and will be storing some new lorries there.", + "original_question": "Do we need to update our operator's licence for this new location?" + }, + { + "id": "train-493", + "question": "Scenario: I am 24 years old, and I have a 23 year old partner who is dependant on me. We are not married. I am receiving an undergraduate loan, and I am studying at university. My partner has no income nor loans.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible to receive an adult's dependant's grant?\n\nDocument - Adult Dependants' Grant:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re a full-time student in higher education and an adult depends on you financially, you can apply for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant of up to:\n\n- \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- \u00a33,094 for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nThe grant:\n\n- does not have to be paid back\n\n- is paid on top of your other student finance\n\nYou cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe maximum Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant is:\n\n- \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- \u00a33,094 for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nYou do not have to pay this money back.\n\nAdult Dependants\u2019 Grant will affect any income-related benefits and tax credits you might get.\n\n## What it\u2019s based on\n\nThe amount you get depends on:\n\n- your income\n\n- the adult dependant\u2019s income\n\n- your personal circumstances, for example if you\u2019re married or have children\n\n- what other grants you\u2019re receiving, for example Childcare Grant\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe money is paid in 3 instalments (one at the start of each term) directly into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nUsually the adult dependant will be:\n\n- your husband, wife, partner or civil partner\n\n- a relative, such as a parent or grandparent\n\nIf you\u2019re under 25, the adult dependant cannot be your partner unless you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible if the adult dependant is:\n\n- your child\n\n- a relative who earns more than \u00a33,796 a year\n\n- getting student finance\n\nYou cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Fill in the Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant section on your main student finance application - you\u2019ll need to give estimates of your household income.\n\n- Student Finance England will assess your application and contact you if they need more information.\n\n- Student Finance England will send you a letter telling you if you qualify and how much money you\u2019ll get.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nStudent Finance England may contact you and ask for further information on your financial circumstances. This can include a copy of:\n\n- your P60\n\n- Child Benefit details\n\n- family tax credits details\n\n- financial information from your partner, for example bank statements", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adult-dependants-grant", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 24 years old, and I have a 23 year old partner who is dependant on me. We are not married. I am receiving an undergraduate loan, and I am studying at university. My partner has no income nor loans.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible to receive an adult's dependant's grant?" + }, + { + "id": "train-495", + "question": "Scenario: I am going to be taking my theory test for motorcycle training. When I was doing my practice for the theory exam, I could not answer all of the questions straight away.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to answer the questions one at a time?\n\nDocument - Theory test: motorcycles and mopeds:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou need to have a provisional motorcycle licence to book your theory test.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test:\n\n- multiple-choice questions\n\n- hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road\n\nYou book and take them as a single test. You have to pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n## When you can take the theory test\n\nYou can take the theory test from your:\n\n- 16th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a moped (no more than 50cc)\n\n- 17th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a motorcycle\n\nYou can take the theory test before or after you\u2019ve taken compulsory basic training (CBT).\n\n## Who needs to take the theory test\n\nYou usually need to have passed a motorcycle theory test before you take the motorcycle test.\n\nFind out which motorcycles you can ride and which tests you need to take.\n\nYou do not need to take the theory test if you passed a moped test after 1 July 1996 and want to either:\n\n- take the motorcycle test on a category A1 small motorcycle\n\n- upgrade your motorcycle licence under the \u2018progressive access\u2019 (also known as \u2018staged access\u2019) rules\n\n## If you have a car licence\n\nYou have to pass a motorcycle theory test before taking the motorcycle test.\n\n## If your licence is not from Great Britain\n\nFind out if you can drive in Great Britain (GB) with your non-GB licence without taking a theory and driving test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your theory test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your theory test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.\n\n## Theory test revision and practice\n\nYou can use books and software to revise for the theory test and take practice tests.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nThe questions in the theory test are based on 3 books:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Riding - the essential skills\n\nStudy these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## Take a practice test\n\nTake a practice theory test to check how much you\u2019ve learnt.\n\nThe practice questions are not used in the real test, but they\u2019re based on the same topics as the test.\n\n## Hazard perception part\n\nBuy the official guide to hazard perception for your PC or Mac to learn hazard perception skills and then test them.\n\nYou can buy it from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\n## Personal belongings\n\nYou will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:\n\n- bags\n\n- earphones\n\n- mobile phones\n\n- watches\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.\n\nIf your test centre does not have lockers, you must:\n\n- turn off your phone before you enter the test centre\n\n- put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test\n\nThe test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 57 minutes to answer 50 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens\n\n## How the test works\n\nA question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.\n\nSome questions are given as a case study. The case study will:\n\n- show a short story that 5 questions will be based on\n\n- be about a real life situation you could come across when driving\n\n## Leaving a question\n\nYou can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.\n\n## Changing your answers\n\nYou can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.\n\n## When you\u2019ve finished\n\nYou can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 57 minutes.\n\nYou can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:\n\n- feature everyday road scenes\n\n- contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards\n\nYou get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.\n\n## What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is\n\nA developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.\n\n## How the scoring works\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.\n\nTo get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.\n\nYou do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.\n\nYou only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.\n\n## Pass mark and test result\n\nYou get the result at the test centre after taking the theory test. You need to pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n| Test part | Pass mark | Points available |\n\n| Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50 |\n\n| Hazard perception | 44 | 75 |\n\n## If you pass\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with a pass certificate number at the test centre. You need this when you book and take your motorcycle test.\n\nYour pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You need to pass both modules of the motorcycle test in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the theory test again.\n\n## If you fail\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.\n\nYou have to book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.\n\nYou have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.\n\n## If you have a reading difficulty, disability or health condition\n\nWhen you book your theory test you should say if you have a:\n\n- reading difficulty\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nYou can ask to hear the test through headphones when you book your test. You can hear it in English or Welsh.\n\nYou can listen to the questions and possible answers as many times as you need to.\n\n## Other types of support\n\nYou can get other support during your theory test if you send proof that you have reading difficulties.\n\nThis can be an email, letter or report from:\n\n- a teacher or other educational professional\n\n- a doctor or medical professional\n\n- an occupational therapist\n\n- an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association\n\nYou can get:\n\n- extra time to take the test\n\n- someone to read what\u2019s on the screen and record your answers\n\n- someone to reword the questions for you\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will select the best type of support for you.\n\nIf DVSA agrees that you need extra support, they will send you an email with:\n\n- a reference number (you will need this when you book your test)\n\n- instructions on how to book your test\n\n## Extra time to take the test\n\nYou can ask for more time to do the multiple choice questions part of the theory test.\n\n## Reading what\u2019s on the screen and recording your answers\n\nA member of staff at the test centre can read out the instructions and questions on the screen.\n\nThey can also record your answers to the multiple-choice questions.\n\nThis can be done by either:\n\n- listening to the member of staff through headphones while they\u2019re in another room - they\u2019ll be able to see what\u2019s on your screen\n\n- the member of staff sitting near you in the test room\n\n## Rewording the questions for you\n\nYou can ask for a member of staff to reword the theory test questions to make them easier for you to understand.\n\nThe person cannot change the technical language that you need to know. But they can change the order of the sentence and other non-technical words and phrases.\n\nYou still need to answer each question yourself.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nYou can take the theory test in British Sign Language (BSL) if you\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment.\n\nA BSL video appears on the screen next to the questions and answers.\n\n## Take a BSL interpreter\n\nYou can have a BSL interpreter with you during the test. Contact DVSA to arrange this. You will not be charged an extra fee.\n\n## Hearing loop and lip speakers\n\nYou can arrange to have a lip speaker with you at the theory test centre or use a listening aid (hearing loop).\n\nTo use either service you\u2019ll need to contact DVSA before your test.\n\n## Other disabilities or health conditions\n\nContact DVSA to discuss any other disability or health condition before you book your test.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-theory-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am going to be taking my theory test for motorcycle training. When I was doing my practice for the theory exam, I could not answer all of the questions straight away.", + "original_question": "Do I have to answer the questions one at a time?" + }, + { + "id": "train-502", + "question": "Scenario: I want to study a Phd. The course will be full-time study and will last five years. I am 27 years old, and I am a UK citizen who will spend 80% of their time in the UK over this period.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible for a doctoral loan?\n\nDocument - Doctoral Loan:\n## Overview\n\nA Postgraduate Doctoral Loan can help with course fees and living costs while you study a postgraduate doctoral course, such as a PhD.\n\nThere\u2019s different funding if you normally live in Wales. Moving somewhere to study does not count as normally living there.\n\nYou can also get extra support if you have a disability.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## When you can apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to apply for funding for the 2021 to 2022 academic year from summer 2021. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.\n\n## When you repay your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a327,265 if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021\n\n- \u00a326,445 if your course starts between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021\n\n- \u00a325,700 if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get is not based on you or your family\u2019s income.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) may take account of the loan when working out any benefits you receive.\n\nThe loan is paid directly to you. You can use it for your course fees and living costs.\n\nThe loan will be divided equally across each year of your course.\n\n## If you apply after your first year\n\nYou can apply for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan in any year of your course. But if you apply after your first year, you might not get the maximum amount.\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a311,570 each year if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021\n\n- \u00a311,222 each year if your course started between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021\n\n- \u00a310,906 each year if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020\n\n## When you\u2019re paid\n\nYou get the first payment after your course start date, once your university or college confirms that you\u2019ve registered.\n\nThe loan will be paid in 3 instalments of 33%, 33% and 34% each year. After your application has been approved you\u2019ll be sent a letter with your payment dates or you can check them in your online account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify depends on:\n\n- your course\n\n- your age\n\n- your nationality or residency status\n\nYou will not be able to get a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if:\n\n- you\u2019ve received or will receive Research Council funding (for example, studentships, stipends, scholarships and tuition fee support)\n\n- you\u2019re already getting a social work bursary\n\n- you\u2019re already getting an Educational Psychology bursary and your course starts on or after 1 August 2020\n\n- you\u2019re eligible to apply for an NHS bursary (even if you\u2019re not receiving it)\n\n- you\u2019re already getting payments from Student Finance England for another course that you\u2019re studying\n\n- you\u2019ve received a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan before - unless you left your course due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason\n\n- you already have a doctoral degree, or a qualification that\u2019s equivalent or higher\n\n- you\u2019re receiving a doctorate by publication\n\n- you\u2019re behind in repayments for any previous loans from the Student Loans Company\n\n## Your course\n\nIt must:\n\n- be a full, standalone doctoral course (not a top-up course)\n\n- have started on or after 1 August 2018\n\n- last between 3 to 8 academic years\n\n- be provided by a university in the UK with research degree awarding powers\n\nIf more than one university delivers your course and one is overseas, you\u2019ll still be eligible for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan so long as:\n\n- the UK university is the lead institution\n\n- you spend at least 50% of your study time over the whole course in the UK\n\nIt can be:\n\n- full-time or part-time\n\n- taught or research-based, or a combination of both\n\nExamples of postgraduate doctoral qualifications include:\n\n- PhD / DPhil (Doctor of Philosophy)\n\n- EdD (Doctor of Education)\n\n- EngD (Doctor of Engineering)\n\n## Integrated doctorals\n\nYou can apply for a loan if your doctoral programme includes an integrated master\u2019s degree (even if you already have a master\u2019s degree).\n\nYou must register for a full doctoral degree.\n\nYou will not be able to apply for a separate Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan.\n\n## Distance learning\n\nTo qualify for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan for distance learning, you\u2019ll need to be living in England on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to live in:\n\n- England for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re an EU national\n\n- the UK for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re not an EU national\n\nThis usually does not apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- serving in the armed forces\n\n- a spouse or civil partner of a serving member of the armed forces\n\n- a dependent parent living with a serving member of the armed forces\n\n## Your age\n\nYou must be under 60 on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\nThe academic year is a period of 12 months starting on:\n\n- 1 September, if your course starts between 1 August and 31 December\n\n- 1 January, if your course starts between 1 January and 31 March\n\n- 1 April, if your course starts between 1 April and 30 June\n\n- 1 July, if your course starts between 1 July and 31 July\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nYou can apply for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re a UK or Irish national or have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or indefinite leave to remain so there are no restrictions on how long you can stay\n\n- you normally live in England\n\n- you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday\n\nYou may also be eligible if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who either:\n\n- returned to the UK on or after 1 January 2018 and by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- was living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein on 31 December 2020 and has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years\n\n## If you\u2019re an EU national or a family member of an EU national\n\nYou may be eligible if you\u2019re an EU national, or a family member of an EU national, and all the following apply:\n\n- you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme (no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- you\u2019ve normally lived in the UK, Gibraltar, EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years (this is also known as being \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ll be studying at a university in England\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re:\n\n- the child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- a migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, or a family member of one with settled or pre-settled status\n\n- a resident of Gibraltar who is a UK or EU national, or their family member\n\n## Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nYou need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.\n\n## If you have a different residency status\n\nYou may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:\n\n- refugee (including family members)\n\n- humanitarian protection (including family members)\n\n- child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- a stateless person (including family members)\n\n- an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment\n\n- a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain\n\n- a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ve been given settled status but not under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- you\u2019ve been given indefinite leave to remain because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner\n\n- you\u2019re the family member of a person of Northern Ireland and you have pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-UK national and have lived in the UK for a certain number of years\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:\n\n- under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years\n\n- 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\nYou must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply now for courses that start or started in the following academic years:\n\n- 2020 to 2021\n\n- 2019 to 2020\n\n- 2018 to 2019\n\nYou can apply in summer 2021 for courses that start in the academic year 2021 to 2022. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.\n\nCheck whether you\u2019re eligible before you apply.\n\nYou only need to apply once for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan. Student Finance England will write to you in the summer to tell you how much you\u2019ll get in the next academic year.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## Apply online\n\nIf you\u2019ve taken out a loan with Student Finance England before, use your account to apply.\n\nIf you do not already have one, set up an account.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIf you cannot apply online, apply by post \u2013 the address is on the form.\n\n## If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## If your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n## If your course started in the 2018\u00a0to 2019\u00a0academic year\n\nRead the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.\n\n## When to apply by\n\nThe deadline for applying depends on when you start your course.\n\nYou need to apply within 9 months of the first day of the last academic year of the course.\n\n## The academic year\n\nThe academic year is a period of 12 months.\n\n| Course start date between | First day of academic year |\n\n| 1 August and 31 December | 1 September |\n\n| 1 January and 31 March | 1 January |\n\n| 1 April and 30 June | 1 April |\n\n| 1 July and 31 July | 1 July |\n\n## Proof of identity\n\nInclude valid UK passport details in your application.\n\nUse the \u2018UK passport details\u2019 form if you need to send the details after your application. Do not send the passport itself.\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU national, send your passport or national identity card.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nYou should use the evidence return form for extra information to support your application, for example evidence of your residency status.\n\nYou may also be asked to complete the UK employment status form.\n\n## Change an application\n\nUse your online account to change your personal details, for example bank or contact details. Contact Student Finance England directly if you do not have an account.\n\n## Change the amount you\u2019ve asked for\n\nUse the loan request form to change the amount you\u2019ve applied for - you cannot do this online.\n\nIf your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:\n\nIf your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:\n\n## Other changes\n\nUse the change of circumstances form if you need to change any other details, for example your university or course. You cannot do this online.\n\nIf your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:\n\nIf your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:\n\n## Taking a break or withdrawing from your course\n\nTell Student Finance England and your institution straight away if you need to withdraw from your course. It may affect your future payments and eligibility for funding.\n\n## Extra help\n\nYou may qualify for other funding, for example grants from charities or trusts.\n\nStudent Finance England also has more information about other kinds of student finance.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## Disabled students\n\nIf you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (for example dyslexia) you can apply for:\n\n- Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\nYou may also qualify for disability related benefits.\n\n## Further information\n\nYou can learn more about the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan at the Student \nRoom website.\n\nContact Student Finance England if you have further questions.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/doctoral-loan", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to study a Phd. The course will be full-time study and will last five years. I am 27 years old, and I am a UK citizen who will spend 80% of their time in the UK over this period.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible for a doctoral loan?" + }, + { + "id": "train-504", + "question": "Scenario: I am a widow and my late husband died during a war while serving in the British army in 1991. I receive war pension benefits. My daughter is attending for a full time Bachelor in Pharmacy at Bristol University.\n\nQuestion: Can my daughter qualify for the scholarship?\n\nDocument - Scholarships for children whose parent died in service:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for help with the costs of further and higher education if all of the following are true:\n\n- one of your parents died as a result of their service in the armed forces\n\n- your parent died on or after 1 January 1990\n\n- you\u2019re 16 or over and in full-time education\n\n- you or a surviving parent receive bereavement benefits from the Armed Forces Compensation scheme, War Pension scheme or Armed Forces Attributable Benefits scheme\n\nYou cannot apply if you were the foster child of the person who died.\n\n## What you can use the scholarship for\n\nYou can use the money to pay tuition fees and your maintenance for:\n\n- a further education course of up to 3 years\n\n- your first undergraduate course at a UK university or other higher education institution (such as a college or art school) - this can include study abroad if it\u2019s part of the course\n\n- a higher level technical education course at qualification levels 4, 5 or 6\n\nIf you\u2019re unsure about the type of course ask the college or university you want to apply to.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIn the 2018 to 2019 academic year you can apply for up to:\n\n- \u00a31,500 for a further education course\n\n- \u00a39,250 for tuition fees and \u00a34,950 for a Maintenance Grant for a higher education or higher level technical education course\n\nIf you\u2019re studying in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales, you can apply for up to \u00a39,000 for tuition fees and \u00a34,950 for a Maintenance Grant.\n\n## How the payments are made\n\nPayments are made 3 times a year no later than:\n\n- 31 October\n\n- 31 January\n\n- 30 April\n\nYour college or university must have confirmed that you\u2019re registered for a course and attending before any payment is sent.\n\nPayments can be backdated in some circumstances, for example you become eligible for a scholarship and apply while studying.\n\nFurther education scholarships are paid to either you or your parent or guardian.\n\nUniversity and other higher education scholarships are paid directly to you.\n\nAll scholarships are tax free.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the bereavement scholarship scheme application.\n\nPost your application to the address on the form.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for a higher education scholarship (for example, an undergraduate degree from a UK university), also include:\n\n- a letter from the college or university confirming that you\u2019ve accepted their offer of a place\n\n- proof of the fees, for example a photocopy of your tuition fees invoice\n\n## Deadlines\n\nVeterans UK must receive your application by 31 January in the academic year of your further education or university course.\n\nYou can apply from 1 April in the academic year you\u2019ll begin studying.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Veterans UK Scheme Administrator will get in touch to confirm whether you\u2019re eligible for the scholarship you\u2019ve applied for.\n\nHow long it takes to find out if you\u2019re eligible depends on the evidence you provide with your application.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for a university or higher education scholarship\n\nRegister with the Student Loans Company to ensure you\u2019re charged UK student fees for your course.\n\n## Appeals\n\nIf you disagree with the decision you must appeal to Veterans UK in writing.\n\n## Help with your application\n\nContact the Veterans UK helpline if you have any questions about the scholarships, for example what you need to do to apply or how to fill out the application form.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-military-bereaved-children", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a widow and my late husband died during a war while serving in the British army in 1991. I receive war pension benefits. My daughter is attending for a full time Bachelor in Pharmacy at Bristol University.", + "original_question": "Can my daughter qualify for the scholarship?" + }, + { + "id": "train-513", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 51 year old from Bolton and I have been removed from the ADI register after failing 3 standards checks due to health problems at the time. These have now been resolved.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to retake my ADI test?\n\nDocument - Approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check:\n## Overview\n\nThe approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check assesses your ability to teach pupils.\n\nThe ADI standards check has replaced the ADI check test.\n\nYou have to take at least one ADI standards check during each 4-year period that you\u2019re registered as an ADI.\n\nYou have to take a standards check even if you do not have a car or are not working as an ADI.\n\nYou can be removed from the ADI register if you do not book or go to your standards check.\n\nYou can only take standards checks in English or Welsh.\n\nThere are different rules for taking a standards check in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Book your ADI standards check\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from DVSA when you need to book your approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check.\n\nYou can book a standards check online. It doesn\u2019t cost anything.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your:\n\n- driving licence number\n\n- ADI personal reference number\n\nStart now\n\n## Get help to book\n\nContact DVSA if you need help booking your standards check.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYour examiner will call you a few days before your standards check to agree:\n\n- the exact start time\n\n- where you want the check to start from - this will be either the driving test centre or somewhere within 5 minutes of the test centre\n\n## What to take to your standards check\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your approved driving instructor (ADI) registration certificate\n\n- a face covering, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to wear one\n\n- a car that meets the requirements\n\n- a pupil\n\nYour pupil can be a:\n\n- partly trained learner\n\n- fully trained learner\n\n- full licence holder\n\nIf you bring a partly trained learner, they should be able to drive for 40 minutes without frequently stopping.\n\nYour pupil cannot be an ADI or someone who is preparing to take the ADI part 3 test.\n\n## Reasons why you must not go to your standards check\n\nDo not go to your ADI standards check if you or your pupil:\n\n- have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms, or someone you live with has symptoms\n\n- have been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- are self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nContact DVSA if you\u2019re not able to go to your standards check.\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou and your pupil must each bring and wear a face covering for your standards check, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so. For example, because:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you cannot wear a face covering when you book your standards check. Otherwise, your standards check will be cancelled if you arrive without one.\n\nYou can take it off during your standards check if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\n## Car requirements\n\nThe car you use for your standards check must:\n\n- be roadworthy, safe and reliable - this means it\u2019s less than 3 years old or has a valid MOT certificate\n\n- have working rear seat belts\n\n- be fitted with L plates (or D plates in Wales) if your pupil is a learner\n\nYou cannot use:\n\n- a soft-top convertible\n\n- a car with a 2+2 seating arrangement rather than full-size rear seats\n\nYour standards check will be cancelled if your car does not meet the requirements. Another appointment will be booked for you.\n\nYou can be removed from the ADI register if you keep bringing a car that does not meet the requirements.\n\n## COVID-19 safety\n\nBecause of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your standards check. This means:\n\n- tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats\n\n- wiping down the dashboard and car controls\n\nThe examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.\n\nThe car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nYou should call the standards check bookings team as soon as you can on the day of your standards check if there\u2019s bad weather. Ask to speak to the ADI examiner.\n\nIf nobody answers the phone, and the conditions in your area are not looking too bad, it\u2019s likely that the examiners are:\n\n- checking the local roads to see if driving tests can go ahead\n\n- taking driving tests because the conditions are suitable\n\nHowever, this is not a guarantee that your standards check will go ahead.\n\nYou should tell the standards check bookings team if your check is cancelled - they\u2019ll make a new appointment.\n\n## What happens at the standards check\n\nA Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency examiner will watch you give a driving lesson to your pupil.\n\nThe lesson will last about 45 minutes. They must be driving for at least 40 minutes.\n\nAt the start of the lesson, you should recap the goals for the lesson and discuss risk management with your pupil. This should take no more than 3 minutes.\n\nAt the end of the lesson, you should give your pupil about 3 minutes to reflect on their performance.\n\nThe examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standards for driver and rider training.\n\n## What you\u2019ll be marked on\n\nYou\u2019ll be marked on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into 3 categories:\n\n- lesson planning\n\n- risk management\n\n- teaching and learning skills\n\nThe 17 areas of competence are listed in the ADI standards check report form, which the examiner will fill in during your check.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to work out your grade.\n\nAfter you give the lesson, the examiner will discuss your performance and give you your grade. This will take about 15 minutes.\n\nYou can take your trainer or mentor with you, but they cannot take part in the lesson.\n\n## Your standards check result\n\nYou\u2019ll get your grade, along with your completed standards check form at the end of your standards check.\n\n| Total score | Grade | Description |\n\n| 0-30 | Fail | Your performance is unsatisfactory |\n\n| 31-42 | Grade B | You\u2019ll stay on the approved driving instructors (ADI) register |\n\n| 43-51 | Grade A | You have shown a high standard of instruction and you\u2019ll stay on the ADI register |\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically fail if:\n\n- you get a score of 7 or less in the \u2018risk management\u2019 category\n\n- the examiner stops the lesson because you\u2019ve put yourself or someone else in danger\n\n## If you fail the standards check\n\nYou\u2019ll have up to 2 more attempts to pass the standards check.\n\nIf you fail 3 times:\n\n- you\u2019ll be removed from the approved driving instructors (ADI) register\n\n- you\u2019ll have to retake the ADI tests to join the ADI register again\n\n## Complain about your standards check\n\nComplain to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency if you\u2019re not happy about the way your standards check was carried out.\n\n## Appeal your standards check\n\nYou can appeal if you think your examiner didn\u2019t follow the regulations when they carried out your standards check.\n\nYour result cannot be changed, but you might be able to take another standards check if your appeal is successful.\n\nContact your local magistrate\u2019s court within 6 months to appeal in England and Wales.\n\nIf you live in Scotland, contact your local sheriff\u2019s court within 21 days.\n\n## Old 'ADI check test' grades\n\nThe approved driving instructor (ADI) standards check replaced the ADI check test on 7 April 2014.\n\nOld ADI check test grades will apply until you take your first standards check.\n\nIf you got a grade 2 or 3 in your last ADI check test, you\u2019ll have 2 attempts to pass the new ADI standards check.\n\n## Old \u2018ADI check test\u2019 grades\n\n| Grade | Overall performance |\n\n| 6 | Very high |\n\n| 5 | Good |\n\n| 4 | Satisfactory |\n\n| 3 | Inadequate |\n\n| 2 | Poor |\n\n| 1 | Extremely poor |\n\n| E | Educational check test |\n\n## Educational check test grade\n\nEducational (E) grades will not be given to newly qualified instructors in the new standard checks.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-standards-check", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 51 year old from Bolton and I have been removed from the ADI register after failing 3 standards checks due to health problems at the time. These have now been resolved.", + "original_question": "Do I need to retake my ADI test?" + }, + { + "id": "train-516", + "question": "Scenario: I am 20 years old. I will be going on an unpaid training course, and I am looking up ways to be able to fund my lifestyle.\n\nQuestion: Are there any bursaries available for people of my age?\n\nDocument - 16 to 19 Bursary Fund:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get a bursary to help with education-related costs if you\u2019re aged 16 to 19 and:\n\n- studying at a publicly funded school or college in England - not a university\n\n- on a training course, including unpaid work experience\n\nA publicly funded school is one that does not charge you for attending it.\n\nThere\u2019s a different scheme in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019re 19 and over\n\nYou could also get a bursary if you either:\n\n- are continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201919+ continuer\u2019)\n\n- have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP)\n\n## What a bursary is for\n\nA bursary is money that you, or your education or training provider, can use to pay for things like:\n\n- clothing, books and other equipment for your course\n\n- transport and lunch on days you study or train\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere are 2 types of 16 to 19 bursary:\n\n- a bursary for students in vulnerable groups\n\n- a discretionary bursary\n\n## Bursary for students in vulnerable groups\n\nYou could get a bursary worth up to \u00a31,200, depending on your circumstances and benefits.\n\n## Discretionary bursary\n\nYou could get a discretionary bursary if you need financial help but do not qualify for a bursary for students in vulnerable groups. Your education or training provider decides how much you get and what it\u2019s used for.\n\nIf you\u2019re over 19, you\u2019ll only be eligible for a discretionary bursary.\n\nYour provider will decide how you get your bursary. You might get:\n\n- an instalment paid by cash, cheque or bank transfer\n\n- things like a travel pass, free meals or books\n\nSome providers also offer one-off payments to cover study trips or travel for university interviews.\n\nYour provider could stop payments if you break their rules, for example about attendance or how your bursary is used.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- be at least 16 and under 19 on 31 August 2021\n\n- study at a publicly funded school or college, or be on an unpaid training course\n\n- meet the residency requirements - your school or college can check this\n\n## Bursary for students in vulnerable groups\n\nYou may be able to get a bursary if at least one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re in or you recently left local authority care\n\n- you get Income Support or Universal Credit because you\u2019re financially supporting yourself\n\n- you get Disability Living Allowance (DLA) in your name and either Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or Universal Credit\n\n- you get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) in your name and either ESA or Universal Credit\n\nThe amount you may get depends on the costs you have and what you need for your course. This might include money for books, equipment or travel costs to school or college.\n\n## Discretionary bursary\n\nYour school or college will have their own criteria for discretionary bursaries. They\u2019ll look at your individual circumstances - this usually includes your family income.\n\nAsk student services about their criteria and any evidence you\u2019ll need.\n\nYou can apply to a discretionary bursary if you\u2019re over 19 and either:\n\n- continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201819+ continuer\u2019)\n\n- have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP)\n\n## How to claim\n\nApply to your school, college or training provider. Ask student services or your tutor to explain what you need to do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nApply once you know where you\u2019ll study or train, so you\u2019ll get your bursary as soon as possible.\n\nYou might need to reapply for a bursary for each year of your course. Check with your provider.\n\n## Help\n\nYour tutor or student services can help you decide if you\u2019re eligible for a bursary and explain how to apply.\n\nContact the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA) if your tutor or student services cannot answer your question.\n\n## You think a decision is unfair\n\nSpeak to student services if you\u2019re unhappy with a decision. Follow their complaints process if you cannot resolve the problem.\n\n## Emergencies and hardship\n\nYou might be able to get more support if your circumstances change or you have an emergency. Your provider might also have a separate hardship fund. Speak to student services if you need extra help.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/1619-bursary-fund", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 20 years old. I will be going on an unpaid training course, and I am looking up ways to be able to fund my lifestyle.", + "original_question": "Are there any bursaries available for people of my age?" + }, + { + "id": "train-519", + "question": "Scenario: I'm 19 and now resuming a course at a publicly funded school after a two year gap for my mental health as a 19+ continuer. I'm struggling with the cost of books for school and I have been offered a discretionary bursary from my school.\n\nQuestion: Could the school stop the bursary if I break the school's rules?\n\nDocument - 16 to 19 Bursary Fund:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get a bursary to help with education-related costs if you\u2019re aged 16 to 19 and:\n\n- studying at a publicly funded school or college in England - not a university\n\n- on a training course, including unpaid work experience\n\nA publicly funded school is one that does not charge you for attending it.\n\nThere\u2019s a different scheme in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019re 19 and over\n\nYou could also get a bursary if you either:\n\n- are continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201919+ continuer\u2019)\n\n- have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP)\n\n## What a bursary is for\n\nA bursary is money that you, or your education or training provider, can use to pay for things like:\n\n- clothing, books and other equipment for your course\n\n- transport and lunch on days you study or train\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere are 2 types of 16 to 19 bursary:\n\n- a bursary for students in vulnerable groups\n\n- a discretionary bursary\n\n## Bursary for students in vulnerable groups\n\nYou could get a bursary worth up to \u00a31,200, depending on your circumstances and benefits.\n\n## Discretionary bursary\n\nYou could get a discretionary bursary if you need financial help but do not qualify for a bursary for students in vulnerable groups. Your education or training provider decides how much you get and what it\u2019s used for.\n\nIf you\u2019re over 19, you\u2019ll only be eligible for a discretionary bursary.\n\nYour provider will decide how you get your bursary. You might get:\n\n- an instalment paid by cash, cheque or bank transfer\n\n- things like a travel pass, free meals or books\n\nSome providers also offer one-off payments to cover study trips or travel for university interviews.\n\nYour provider could stop payments if you break their rules, for example about attendance or how your bursary is used.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- be at least 16 and under 19 on 31 August 2021\n\n- study at a publicly funded school or college, or be on an unpaid training course\n\n- meet the residency requirements - your school or college can check this\n\n## Bursary for students in vulnerable groups\n\nYou may be able to get a bursary if at least one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re in or you recently left local authority care\n\n- you get Income Support or Universal Credit because you\u2019re financially supporting yourself\n\n- you get Disability Living Allowance (DLA) in your name and either Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or Universal Credit\n\n- you get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) in your name and either ESA or Universal Credit\n\nThe amount you may get depends on the costs you have and what you need for your course. This might include money for books, equipment or travel costs to school or college.\n\n## Discretionary bursary\n\nYour school or college will have their own criteria for discretionary bursaries. They\u2019ll look at your individual circumstances - this usually includes your family income.\n\nAsk student services about their criteria and any evidence you\u2019ll need.\n\nYou can apply to a discretionary bursary if you\u2019re over 19 and either:\n\n- continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201819+ continuer\u2019)\n\n- have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP)\n\n## How to claim\n\nApply to your school, college or training provider. Ask student services or your tutor to explain what you need to do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nApply once you know where you\u2019ll study or train, so you\u2019ll get your bursary as soon as possible.\n\nYou might need to reapply for a bursary for each year of your course. Check with your provider.\n\n## Help\n\nYour tutor or student services can help you decide if you\u2019re eligible for a bursary and explain how to apply.\n\nContact the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA) if your tutor or student services cannot answer your question.\n\n## You think a decision is unfair\n\nSpeak to student services if you\u2019re unhappy with a decision. Follow their complaints process if you cannot resolve the problem.\n\n## Emergencies and hardship\n\nYou might be able to get more support if your circumstances change or you have an emergency. Your provider might also have a separate hardship fund. Speak to student services if you need extra help.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/1619-bursary-fund", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I'm 19 and now resuming a course at a publicly funded school after a two year gap for my mental health as a 19+ continuer. I'm struggling with the cost of books for school and I have been offered a discretionary bursary from my school.", + "original_question": "Could the school stop the bursary if I break the school's rules?" + }, + { + "id": "train-524", + "question": "Scenario: I am a licensed haulier and have established my yard opposite a posh house. The owner is threatening to take me to a tribunal as he does't like being near a truck yard.\n\nQuestion: Can I be taken to a tribual or inquiry by the Traffic Commissioner?\n\nDocument - Traffic commissioner public inquiries:\n## Overview\n\nTraffic commissioners are responsible for licensing and regulating operators of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs), public service vehicles (PSVs) and local bus services. They can also take action against their drivers.\n\nThey can call a formal public inquiry in a court to get more evidence to help them decide if they should:\n\n- grant or refuse licences for HGV or PSV operators\n\n- take action against a vehicle operator, bus service operator or driver of a bus, minibus or lorry\n\nThis might be if someone has objected to a licence being granted or the traffic commissioner thinks an operator may have broken the terms of their licence.\n\nA vehicle or bus service operator can also request a public inquiry but the traffic commissioner doesn\u2019t have to hold one.\n\n## Objecting to a licence\n\nLicence applications are made public. Objections can be made by certain public bodies and in some cases individuals.\n\n## Objections by public bodies\n\nBodies that can object to a licence application include:\n\n- local and planning authorities\n\n- the police\n\n- some trade associations and trade unions\n\n## When a public body can object\n\nA public body can object to a licence about the:\n\n- professional competence of the operator or its transport manager\n\n- operator\u2019s finances\n\n- operator\u2019s reputation or fitness to hold a licence\n\n- operator\u2019s arrangements for vehicle maintenance and drivers\u2019 hours\n\n- operating centre\u2019s environmental standards and general conditions\n\nObjections must be put in writing to the traffic commissioner within 21 days of a licence application being made public.\n\nYou can see the latest applications and traffic commissioner decisions in the regularly updated \u2018Applications and Decisions\u2019 guides for goods vehicles and the \u2018Notices and Proceedings\u2019 guides for public service vehicles (PSVs).\n\nRead the guide on goods vehicle operator licensing for further information.\n\n## Objections by individuals (representations)\n\nIf a vehicle operator wants to add an operating centre to a licence or make changes to an existing centre, owners and residents of land nearby can object. This is called a \u2018representation\u2019.\n\nHowever, representations must be about environmental issues, such as concern over noise, and only if they\u2019re going to affect the owner or resident\u2019s \u2018use or enjoyment\u2019 of the land.\n\nRead the guide on making a representation or complaint for further information.\n\n## Being called to a public inquiry\n\nYou may have to attend a public inquiry if:\n\n- someone has objected to your application for a licence or change to a licence\n\n- you have not kept to the conditions of your licence, for example you\u2019ve used more vehicles than permitted\n\n- there are environmental concerns about a goods vehicle operating centre on your licence\n\n- your conduct has come into question, for example you\u2019ve been caught using a mobile phone while driving\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with all the details.\n\n## Notice to attend\n\nYou\u2019ll get a minimum of:\n\n- 28 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a transport manager\n\n- 21 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a new or existing goods operator licence\n\n- 14 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a new or existing passenger operator\u2019s licence\n\nYou cannot ask for the hearing to be changed to another date, unless you have a good reason that can be backed up. For example, if you\u2019re going on holiday, you may need to send evidence to show it was pre-booked.\n\n## At the public inquiry\n\nYou can decide to represent yourself or ask someone to represent you, such as a lawyer. This could be someone else like a transport consultant if the traffic commissioner agrees.\n\nEvidence is not given under oath but witnesses have to tell the truth.\n\nIf you do not tell the truth you could lose your licence or criminal charges may follow.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nReport to the inquiry clerk as soon as you arrive. The traffic commissioner will then:\n\n- decide whether oppositions should be heard\n\n- listen to the application outline and ask questions about it\n\n- listen to objectors or a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) traffic examiner outline their cases and ask questions\n\n- ask applicants and objectors to present their cases in detail - they or any of the parties may ask questions\n\n- question applicants on how conditions added to the licence may affect their business\n\n- ask applicants and objectors to sum up their cases\n\nThe traffic commissioner will announce their decision at the time, or give it in writing later, usually within 28 days.\n\n## Decision and penalties\n\nThe traffic commissioner can decide to:\n\n- refuse to grant a licence\n\n- refuse to vary an existing licence\n\n- attach conditions to a licence\n\n- grant a licence allowing fewer vehicles than the number applied for\n\n- impose financial penalties on registered bus service operators\n\n- end or suspend an existing licence\n\n- disqualify an individual or a company from having a licence\n\n- disqualify transport managers\n\nYou can appeal against the decision.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper Tribunal against a traffic commissioner decision (form UT12).\n\nYou must send the form to the tribunal within 1 month of the traffic commissioner\u2019s written decision. The address is on the form.\n\nFind out more about making an appeal to the Upper Tribunal.\n\n## Further information\n\nThe Office of the Traffic Commissioner has produced a detailed guide to traffic commissioner public inquiries. It includes further information on:\n\n- how you might be called to an inquiry\n\n- how you might find out if an inquiry is to be held\n\n- how they work on the day", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/traffic-commissioner", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a licensed haulier and have established my yard opposite a posh house. The owner is threatening to take me to a tribunal as he does't like being near a truck yard.", + "original_question": "Can I be taken to a tribual or inquiry by the Traffic Commissioner?" + }, + { + "id": "train-527", + "question": "Scenario: I am an American woman and was married to a British man, who passed away. I have been given right to indefinitely remain as a bereaved partner. I am 23 years old. I would like to undertake an A-level arts course.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible to receive funding for this course?\n\nDocument - Advanced Learner Loan:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for an Advanced Learner Loan to help with the costs of a course at a college or training provider in England.\n\nLoan eligibility does not depend on your income and there are no credit checks.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible before you apply for an Advanced Learner Loan.\n\nDifferent funding is available if you want to study in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales.\n\n## When you repay your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.\n\n## Access to Higher Education (HE) course\n\nStudent Finance England will \u2018write off\u2019 any outstanding Advanced Learner Loan balances you owe for an Access to HE course once you complete a higher education course. This means you do not have to repay it.\n\nThe higher education course must be eligible for student finance.\n\n## Loan Bursary Fund\n\nYou may also be eligible for money from the Advanced Learner Loan Bursary Fund if you need help with some costs while studying, for example childcare, travel or trips related to your course.\n\nUse the Money Advice Service to work out the cost of borrowing.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- the type of course\n\n- your course fees\n\n- the maximum loan available for your course\n\nThe minimum loan you can get is \u00a3300 and is paid directly to your college or training provider.\n\nYou do not have to borrow the full cost of your course - you can pay for some of it yourself.\n\n## Number of loans you can get\n\nYou can apply for up to 4 loans and you can get more than one at the same time.\n\nYou can apply for another loan to take the same level of a course, for example the same level qualification in History if you\u2019ve already had a loan for the same level in Maths.\n\nYou can only apply once for an Access to Higher Education course.\n\n## A Levels\n\nYou can apply for a loan to fund each course you take towards your A Levels - up to a maximum of 4 A Levels.\n\nThis means you can have up to 8 loans if you\u2019re taking each A Level as 2 separate courses.\n\nThe courses must be in the same subject to qualify for a full A Level.\n\nYou can get 3 more loans for non A Level courses either before or after your course of A Levels.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify for an Advanced Learner Loan depends on your:\n\n- age\n\n- course\n\n- college or training provider\n\n- nationality or residency status\n\nYou must be 19 or older on the first day of your course.\n\nYour course must be:\n\n- a Level 3, 4, 5 or 6 qualification, for example A Levels or graduate certificate\n\n- at an approved college or training provider in England\n\nAsk your college or training provider if you do not know if your course is eligible.\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nIn most cases, all of the following must apply. You must:\n\n- be living in the UK on the first day of your course\n\n- be a UK national or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (this means there are no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- have been living in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years before starting your course\n\nIf you have settled status because you\u2019re a victim of domestic violence, you do not need to have lived in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years.\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re:\n\n- a UK national, or someone with settled status, but you live in the European Economic Area (EEA)\n\n- an EU national or a family member of one\n\n- not a UK national but you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\n- a refugee or a relative of one\n\n- a migrant worker\n\n- the child of a Swiss national\n\n- the child of a Turkish worker\n\n- under humanitarian protection or a relative of someone who has been granted it\n\n- staying in the UK as a stateless person (or their family member) and your course started on or after 1 August 2018\n\n- a serving member of the UK armed forces (or their spouse, civil partner or a dependent parent or child living with them) doing a distance learning course from outside the UK that started on or after 1 August 2017\n\n- someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain or a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain - if your course starts on or after 1 August 2020 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course\n\n## Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nYou need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Check with your college or training provider that the course qualifies.\n\n- Ask them for a \u2018Learning and funding information\u2019 letter - you need this to complete the application. It contains the details about your course.\n\n- Apply online - you\u2019ll need to register first. You can apply by post if you cannot apply online.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter confirming your loan - usually within 2 weeks if you apply online (postal applications take longer).\n\n## What you need to know\n\nYou cannot apply until you get a \u2018learning and funding information letter\u2019 from your college or training provider.\n\nYou can apply for a loan without a National Insurance number but you must have one before the loan can be paid.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIf you cannot apply online, apply by post - the address is on the form.\n\n## Proof of identity\n\nIf you\u2019re a UK national, include your UK passport details in your application as proof of identity. If you forget, use the \u2018UK passport details form\u2019.\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\nIf you\u2019re from an EU country, send your EU passport or identity card the first time you apply.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nUse the \u2018Evidence return form\u2019 if you need to send extra information to support your application, such as proof of residency status.\n\n## Change an application\n\nOnce your application has been approved you can log in to your account to make a change online.\n\nIf you just want to change your loan amount you can use the loan request form instead.\n\n## Bursary fund\n\nYou may apply to get money from the Loan Bursary Fund after you\u2019ve received a letter approving your Advanced Learner Loan.\n\nThe money can help pay for things like:\n\n- accommodation and travel\n\n- course materials and equipment\n\n- childcare\n\n- classroom assistance for a disability or learning difficulty - once you\u2019re assessed by your college or training provider\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply to your college or training provider - each one has its own application process. How much you get depends on the provider\u2019s scheme and your circumstances.\n\nSpeak to student services if you need support with your application.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nYour college or training provider decides how the money is paid. You\u2019ll normally be paid direct. You might be able to arrange for the money to be paid to someone else instead, for example your landlord or childcare provider.\n\nIn some situations fund money must be paid back. This is generally if you\u2019re a student experiencing a temporary financial difficulty and need a loan, for example for help with your mortgage or rent.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:\n\n- Professional and Career Development Loans\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- getting student finance for higher education\n\n- on an apprenticeship training scheme\n\n- on a Community Learning course\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nContact your college or training provider to appeal a decision from the Loan Bursary Fund.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an American woman and was married to a British man, who passed away. I have been given right to indefinitely remain as a bereaved partner. I am 23 years old. I would like to undertake an A-level arts course.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible to receive funding for this course?" + }, + { + "id": "train-528", + "question": "Scenario: I am a student who will be going to college. I appear to be eligible for the advanced learning, and would like to undertake three A-level courses.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for a loan for each course?\n\nDocument - Advanced Learner Loan:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for an Advanced Learner Loan to help with the costs of a course at a college or training provider in England.\n\nLoan eligibility does not depend on your income and there are no credit checks.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible before you apply for an Advanced Learner Loan.\n\nDifferent funding is available if you want to study in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales.\n\n## When you repay your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.\n\n## Access to Higher Education (HE) course\n\nStudent Finance England will \u2018write off\u2019 any outstanding Advanced Learner Loan balances you owe for an Access to HE course once you complete a higher education course. This means you do not have to repay it.\n\nThe higher education course must be eligible for student finance.\n\n## Loan Bursary Fund\n\nYou may also be eligible for money from the Advanced Learner Loan Bursary Fund if you need help with some costs while studying, for example childcare, travel or trips related to your course.\n\nUse the Money Advice Service to work out the cost of borrowing.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- the type of course\n\n- your course fees\n\n- the maximum loan available for your course\n\nThe minimum loan you can get is \u00a3300 and is paid directly to your college or training provider.\n\nYou do not have to borrow the full cost of your course - you can pay for some of it yourself.\n\n## Number of loans you can get\n\nYou can apply for up to 4 loans and you can get more than one at the same time.\n\nYou can apply for another loan to take the same level of a course, for example the same level qualification in History if you\u2019ve already had a loan for the same level in Maths.\n\nYou can only apply once for an Access to Higher Education course.\n\n## A Levels\n\nYou can apply for a loan to fund each course you take towards your A Levels - up to a maximum of 4 A Levels.\n\nThis means you can have up to 8 loans if you\u2019re taking each A Level as 2 separate courses.\n\nThe courses must be in the same subject to qualify for a full A Level.\n\nYou can get 3 more loans for non A Level courses either before or after your course of A Levels.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify for an Advanced Learner Loan depends on your:\n\n- age\n\n- course\n\n- college or training provider\n\n- nationality or residency status\n\nYou must be 19 or older on the first day of your course.\n\nYour course must be:\n\n- a Level 3, 4, 5 or 6 qualification, for example A Levels or graduate certificate\n\n- at an approved college or training provider in England\n\nAsk your college or training provider if you do not know if your course is eligible.\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nIn most cases, all of the following must apply. You must:\n\n- be living in the UK on the first day of your course\n\n- be a UK national or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (this means there are no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- have been living in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years before starting your course\n\nIf you have settled status because you\u2019re a victim of domestic violence, you do not need to have lived in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years.\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re:\n\n- a UK national, or someone with settled status, but you live in the European Economic Area (EEA)\n\n- an EU national or a family member of one\n\n- not a UK national but you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\n- a refugee or a relative of one\n\n- a migrant worker\n\n- the child of a Swiss national\n\n- the child of a Turkish worker\n\n- under humanitarian protection or a relative of someone who has been granted it\n\n- staying in the UK as a stateless person (or their family member) and your course started on or after 1 August 2018\n\n- a serving member of the UK armed forces (or their spouse, civil partner or a dependent parent or child living with them) doing a distance learning course from outside the UK that started on or after 1 August 2017\n\n- someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain or a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain - if your course starts on or after 1 August 2020 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course\n\n## Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nYou need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Check with your college or training provider that the course qualifies.\n\n- Ask them for a \u2018Learning and funding information\u2019 letter - you need this to complete the application. It contains the details about your course.\n\n- Apply online - you\u2019ll need to register first. You can apply by post if you cannot apply online.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter confirming your loan - usually within 2 weeks if you apply online (postal applications take longer).\n\n## What you need to know\n\nYou cannot apply until you get a \u2018learning and funding information letter\u2019 from your college or training provider.\n\nYou can apply for a loan without a National Insurance number but you must have one before the loan can be paid.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIf you cannot apply online, apply by post - the address is on the form.\n\n## Proof of identity\n\nIf you\u2019re a UK national, include your UK passport details in your application as proof of identity. If you forget, use the \u2018UK passport details form\u2019.\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\nIf you\u2019re from an EU country, send your EU passport or identity card the first time you apply.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nUse the \u2018Evidence return form\u2019 if you need to send extra information to support your application, such as proof of residency status.\n\n## Change an application\n\nOnce your application has been approved you can log in to your account to make a change online.\n\nIf you just want to change your loan amount you can use the loan request form instead.\n\n## Bursary fund\n\nYou may apply to get money from the Loan Bursary Fund after you\u2019ve received a letter approving your Advanced Learner Loan.\n\nThe money can help pay for things like:\n\n- accommodation and travel\n\n- course materials and equipment\n\n- childcare\n\n- classroom assistance for a disability or learning difficulty - once you\u2019re assessed by your college or training provider\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply to your college or training provider - each one has its own application process. How much you get depends on the provider\u2019s scheme and your circumstances.\n\nSpeak to student services if you need support with your application.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nYour college or training provider decides how the money is paid. You\u2019ll normally be paid direct. You might be able to arrange for the money to be paid to someone else instead, for example your landlord or childcare provider.\n\nIn some situations fund money must be paid back. This is generally if you\u2019re a student experiencing a temporary financial difficulty and need a loan, for example for help with your mortgage or rent.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:\n\n- Professional and Career Development Loans\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- getting student finance for higher education\n\n- on an apprenticeship training scheme\n\n- on a Community Learning course\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nContact your college or training provider to appeal a decision from the Loan Bursary Fund.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a student who will be going to college. I appear to be eligible for the advanced learning, and would like to undertake three A-level courses.", + "original_question": "Can I apply for a loan for each course?" + }, + { + "id": "train-529", + "question": "Scenario: I am 18 years old, and I am a student at a college . This is a full-time education course. My father died on the 20th July 2021.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible for any scholarship for the university?\n\nDocument - Scholarships for children whose parent died in service:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for help with the costs of further and higher education if all of the following are true:\n\n- one of your parents died as a result of their service in the armed forces\n\n- your parent died on or after 1 January 1990\n\n- you\u2019re 16 or over and in full-time education\n\n- you or a surviving parent receive bereavement benefits from the Armed Forces Compensation scheme, War Pension scheme or Armed Forces Attributable Benefits scheme\n\nYou cannot apply if you were the foster child of the person who died.\n\n## What you can use the scholarship for\n\nYou can use the money to pay tuition fees and your maintenance for:\n\n- a further education course of up to 3 years\n\n- your first undergraduate course at a UK university or other higher education institution (such as a college or art school) - this can include study abroad if it\u2019s part of the course\n\n- a higher level technical education course at qualification levels 4, 5 or 6\n\nIf you\u2019re unsure about the type of course ask the college or university you want to apply to.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIn the 2018 to 2019 academic year you can apply for up to:\n\n- \u00a31,500 for a further education course\n\n- \u00a39,250 for tuition fees and \u00a34,950 for a Maintenance Grant for a higher education or higher level technical education course\n\nIf you\u2019re studying in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales, you can apply for up to \u00a39,000 for tuition fees and \u00a34,950 for a Maintenance Grant.\n\n## How the payments are made\n\nPayments are made 3 times a year no later than:\n\n- 31 October\n\n- 31 January\n\n- 30 April\n\nYour college or university must have confirmed that you\u2019re registered for a course and attending before any payment is sent.\n\nPayments can be backdated in some circumstances, for example you become eligible for a scholarship and apply while studying.\n\nFurther education scholarships are paid to either you or your parent or guardian.\n\nUniversity and other higher education scholarships are paid directly to you.\n\nAll scholarships are tax free.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the bereavement scholarship scheme application.\n\nPost your application to the address on the form.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for a higher education scholarship (for example, an undergraduate degree from a UK university), also include:\n\n- a letter from the college or university confirming that you\u2019ve accepted their offer of a place\n\n- proof of the fees, for example a photocopy of your tuition fees invoice\n\n## Deadlines\n\nVeterans UK must receive your application by 31 January in the academic year of your further education or university course.\n\nYou can apply from 1 April in the academic year you\u2019ll begin studying.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Veterans UK Scheme Administrator will get in touch to confirm whether you\u2019re eligible for the scholarship you\u2019ve applied for.\n\nHow long it takes to find out if you\u2019re eligible depends on the evidence you provide with your application.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for a university or higher education scholarship\n\nRegister with the Student Loans Company to ensure you\u2019re charged UK student fees for your course.\n\n## Appeals\n\nIf you disagree with the decision you must appeal to Veterans UK in writing.\n\n## Help with your application\n\nContact the Veterans UK helpline if you have any questions about the scholarships, for example what you need to do to apply or how to fill out the application form.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-military-bereaved-children", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 18 years old, and I am a student at a college . This is a full-time education course. My father died on the 20th July 2021.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible for any scholarship for the university?" + }, + { + "id": "train-533", + "question": "Scenario: I am 23 years old full time student at a UK university. My only surviving parent has been diagnosed with glaucoma. She needs care and support. I don't have a student finance loan.\n\nQuestion: Can i qualify for the Adults dependant loan?\n\nDocument - Adult Dependants' Grant:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re a full-time student in higher education and an adult depends on you financially, you can apply for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant of up to:\n\n- \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- \u00a33,094 for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nThe grant:\n\n- does not have to be paid back\n\n- is paid on top of your other student finance\n\nYou cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe maximum Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant is:\n\n- \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- \u00a33,094 for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nYou do not have to pay this money back.\n\nAdult Dependants\u2019 Grant will affect any income-related benefits and tax credits you might get.\n\n## What it\u2019s based on\n\nThe amount you get depends on:\n\n- your income\n\n- the adult dependant\u2019s income\n\n- your personal circumstances, for example if you\u2019re married or have children\n\n- what other grants you\u2019re receiving, for example Childcare Grant\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe money is paid in 3 instalments (one at the start of each term) directly into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nUsually the adult dependant will be:\n\n- your husband, wife, partner or civil partner\n\n- a relative, such as a parent or grandparent\n\nIf you\u2019re under 25, the adult dependant cannot be your partner unless you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible if the adult dependant is:\n\n- your child\n\n- a relative who earns more than \u00a33,796 a year\n\n- getting student finance\n\nYou cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Fill in the Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant section on your main student finance application - you\u2019ll need to give estimates of your household income.\n\n- Student Finance England will assess your application and contact you if they need more information.\n\n- Student Finance England will send you a letter telling you if you qualify and how much money you\u2019ll get.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nStudent Finance England may contact you and ask for further information on your financial circumstances. This can include a copy of:\n\n- your P60\n\n- Child Benefit details\n\n- family tax credits details\n\n- financial information from your partner, for example bank statements", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adult-dependants-grant", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 23 years old full time student at a UK university. My only surviving parent has been diagnosed with glaucoma. She needs care and support. I don't have a student finance loan.", + "original_question": "Can i qualify for the Adults dependant loan?" + }, + { + "id": "train-540", + "question": "Scenario: My father is a fleet driver trainer and has failed his ADI standard checks.He is worried that it will affect his work as an instructor.\n\nQuestion: Can he be removed from the fleet driver trainers register?\n\nDocument - Become a fleet driver trainer:\n## How to qualify as a fleet driver trainer\n\nYou can apply to join the voluntary register of fleet driver trainers if you specialise in training fully qualified drivers of fleets of cars and vans.\n\nYou must be an approved driving instructor to join the register.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to take a training course accredited by DVSA to qualify as a fleet driver trainer.\n\nYou must join the register within 1 year of completing the course.\n\n## When you\u2019ve qualified\n\nWhen you\u2019ve qualified and joined the register:\n\n- your details will be given to people looking for fleet driver training\n\n- you can advertise yourself as a \u2018Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency registered fleet driver trainer\u2019\n\nYour registration as a fleet driver trainer will last for 4 years.\n\n## Apply to become a fleet driver trainer\n\nTo apply, download and fill in the application form and send it to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).\n\n## Training course already done\n\nYou can send the form to DVSA if you\u2019ve already done an accredited training course. You\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- the registration fee of \u00a3120\n\n- your driving licence number if you have a photocard driving licence, or a passport-style photo if you have an old-style paper licence\n\n- a copy of your course certificate\n\nYou must have done the course within the last year.\n\n## Managing your registration\n\nYour registration will last for 4 years from when you join the register.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for remembering when your registration runs out and renewing it.\n\nTo renew your registration, download and fill in the application form and send it to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) with the fee of \u00a3120 and a passport-style photo.\n\nYou can re-join the register without having to qualify again within 12 months of your registration running out.\n\n## Replace a certificate\n\nYou should write to DVSA if your registration certificate is lost, stolen or destroyed.\n\nYou can get a new certificate by sending a passport-style photo to DVSA and paying \u00a33.60.\n\n## Advertising your services\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to advertise yourself as a \u2018DVSA registered fleet driver trainer\u2019. You can also apply to use the official DVSA logo.\n\n## Taking standards checks\n\nYou have to take regular standards checks as an approved driving instructor (ADI). This assesses your continuing ability to instruct someone with a provisional or full driving licence.\n\nYou don\u2019t have to take a separate check to stay on the fleet driver trainer register.\n\n## How the test works\n\nStandards checks are based on the examiner observing a normal lesson which should last for around an hour. After the lesson you should allow at least 15 minutes for the debrief.\n\nYou can bring a learner driver or a full licence holder who can be:\n\n- a driver you haven\u2019t assessed\n\n- a driver you have assessed\n\n## A driver you haven\u2019t assessed\n\nYou can bring a driver you haven\u2019t assessed and:\n\n- give a presentation on occupational risk\n\n- introduce them to the training vehicle, covering safety checks\n\n- do a driver assessment and profile to establish their main risk areas and provide the necessary coaching\n\n## A driver you have assessed\n\nYou can bring a driver you\u2019ve already assessed. You\u2019ll need to tell the examiner what main risk areas you intend to provide coaching for during the standards check.\n\n## Your standards check result\n\nYou\u2019ll get a grade at the end of your standards check. This works the same as a normal ADI standards check.\n\n## Being removed from the register\n\nYou\u2019ll be removed from both the ADI register and the register of fleet drivers if you:\n\n- fail the standards check\n\n- don\u2019t attend your standards check appointment", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-a-fleet-driver-trainer", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father is a fleet driver trainer and has failed his ADI standard checks.He is worried that it will affect his work as an instructor.", + "original_question": "Can he be removed from the fleet driver trainers register?" + }, + { + "id": "train-546", + "question": "Scenario: A licence application has been made by an operator of a PSV. I own land nearby and do not approve of this due to the noise it would make.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to raise the issue and have the licence refused?\n\nDocument - Traffic commissioner public inquiries:\n## Overview\n\nTraffic commissioners are responsible for licensing and regulating operators of heavy goods vehicles (HGVs), public service vehicles (PSVs) and local bus services. They can also take action against their drivers.\n\nThey can call a formal public inquiry in a court to get more evidence to help them decide if they should:\n\n- grant or refuse licences for HGV or PSV operators\n\n- take action against a vehicle operator, bus service operator or driver of a bus, minibus or lorry\n\nThis might be if someone has objected to a licence being granted or the traffic commissioner thinks an operator may have broken the terms of their licence.\n\nA vehicle or bus service operator can also request a public inquiry but the traffic commissioner doesn\u2019t have to hold one.\n\n## Objecting to a licence\n\nLicence applications are made public. Objections can be made by certain public bodies and in some cases individuals.\n\n## Objections by public bodies\n\nBodies that can object to a licence application include:\n\n- local and planning authorities\n\n- the police\n\n- some trade associations and trade unions\n\n## When a public body can object\n\nA public body can object to a licence about the:\n\n- professional competence of the operator or its transport manager\n\n- operator\u2019s finances\n\n- operator\u2019s reputation or fitness to hold a licence\n\n- operator\u2019s arrangements for vehicle maintenance and drivers\u2019 hours\n\n- operating centre\u2019s environmental standards and general conditions\n\nObjections must be put in writing to the traffic commissioner within 21 days of a licence application being made public.\n\nYou can see the latest applications and traffic commissioner decisions in the regularly updated \u2018Applications and Decisions\u2019 guides for goods vehicles and the \u2018Notices and Proceedings\u2019 guides for public service vehicles (PSVs).\n\nRead the guide on goods vehicle operator licensing for further information.\n\n## Objections by individuals (representations)\n\nIf a vehicle operator wants to add an operating centre to a licence or make changes to an existing centre, owners and residents of land nearby can object. This is called a \u2018representation\u2019.\n\nHowever, representations must be about environmental issues, such as concern over noise, and only if they\u2019re going to affect the owner or resident\u2019s \u2018use or enjoyment\u2019 of the land.\n\nRead the guide on making a representation or complaint for further information.\n\n## Being called to a public inquiry\n\nYou may have to attend a public inquiry if:\n\n- someone has objected to your application for a licence or change to a licence\n\n- you have not kept to the conditions of your licence, for example you\u2019ve used more vehicles than permitted\n\n- there are environmental concerns about a goods vehicle operating centre on your licence\n\n- your conduct has come into question, for example you\u2019ve been caught using a mobile phone while driving\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with all the details.\n\n## Notice to attend\n\nYou\u2019ll get a minimum of:\n\n- 28 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a transport manager\n\n- 21 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a new or existing goods operator licence\n\n- 14 days\u2019 notice if the inquiry is about a new or existing passenger operator\u2019s licence\n\nYou cannot ask for the hearing to be changed to another date, unless you have a good reason that can be backed up. For example, if you\u2019re going on holiday, you may need to send evidence to show it was pre-booked.\n\n## At the public inquiry\n\nYou can decide to represent yourself or ask someone to represent you, such as a lawyer. This could be someone else like a transport consultant if the traffic commissioner agrees.\n\nEvidence is not given under oath but witnesses have to tell the truth.\n\nIf you do not tell the truth you could lose your licence or criminal charges may follow.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nReport to the inquiry clerk as soon as you arrive. The traffic commissioner will then:\n\n- decide whether oppositions should be heard\n\n- listen to the application outline and ask questions about it\n\n- listen to objectors or a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) traffic examiner outline their cases and ask questions\n\n- ask applicants and objectors to present their cases in detail - they or any of the parties may ask questions\n\n- question applicants on how conditions added to the licence may affect their business\n\n- ask applicants and objectors to sum up their cases\n\nThe traffic commissioner will announce their decision at the time, or give it in writing later, usually within 28 days.\n\n## Decision and penalties\n\nThe traffic commissioner can decide to:\n\n- refuse to grant a licence\n\n- refuse to vary an existing licence\n\n- attach conditions to a licence\n\n- grant a licence allowing fewer vehicles than the number applied for\n\n- impose financial penalties on registered bus service operators\n\n- end or suspend an existing licence\n\n- disqualify an individual or a company from having a licence\n\n- disqualify transport managers\n\nYou can appeal against the decision.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper Tribunal against a traffic commissioner decision (form UT12).\n\nYou must send the form to the tribunal within 1 month of the traffic commissioner\u2019s written decision. The address is on the form.\n\nFind out more about making an appeal to the Upper Tribunal.\n\n## Further information\n\nThe Office of the Traffic Commissioner has produced a detailed guide to traffic commissioner public inquiries. It includes further information on:\n\n- how you might be called to an inquiry\n\n- how you might find out if an inquiry is to be held\n\n- how they work on the day", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/traffic-commissioner", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "A licence application has been made by an operator of a PSV. I own land nearby and do not approve of this due to the noise it would make.", + "original_question": "Am I able to raise the issue and have the licence refused?" + }, + { + "id": "train-548", + "question": "Scenario: I am qualified DVSA rider scheme instructor and I lost my riders log book among other documents during a fire outbreak in my house.\n\nQuestion: Can i contact DVSA to get copies of my documents?\n\nDocument - DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer:\n## Overview\n\nYou can become a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer if you want to train fully qualified motorcyclists in the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.\n\nThis is the new name for the register of post-test motorcycle trainers (RPMT).\n\nThe scheme provides training for people who:\n\n- have recently passed their motorcycle test\n\n- are upgrading to a bigger bike\n\n- are returning to riding after a break\n\n- want to improve their skills to be a better, safer rider\n\nWhen you qualify, your details will be given to motorcyclists looking for training.\n\n## Who can become a trainer\n\nTo become a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer you must:\n\n- be 21 or older\n\n- have had a full category A or A2 motorcycle licence for at least 3 years\n\n## Trainer test and registration fees\n\n| Fee type | Price |\n\n| Theory test | \u00a366 |\n\n| Registration and renewal fee (1 year) | \u00a390 |\n\n| Registration and renewal fee (4 years) | \u00a3240 |\n\n## Ways to become a trainer\n\n- Apply to become a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer.\n\n- Get an advanced riding qualification if you do not already have one.\n\n- Pass a theory test.\n\n- If you\u2019re not a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor, you also need to take a training course accredited by DVSA.\n\nYou must complete the training course within 2 years of passing the theory test, or you\u2019ll have to start the process again.\n\n## Advanced riding qualifications\n\nThe advanced riding qualifications that are accepted are:\n\n- BMF Blue Riband rider award (gold or silver grade)\n\n- DVSA special test (gold or silver grade)\n\n- IAM Advanced Rider Course\n\n- RoSPA advanced riding test (gold or silver grade)\n\n- Diamond advanced motorcycle test or Diamond elite motorcycle test (if taken after 1 January 2017)\n\n## Taking the theory test\n\nYou can book your instructor theory test when the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) has accepted your application to join the register.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test - multiple-choice questions and hazard perception. You have to pass both parts.\n\nYou have 3 attempts to pass the test. If you fail the third attempt, you have to wait 12 months before you can take it again.\n\n## Documents to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right documents with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer 100 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions\n\n## How the questions work\n\nThere are 25 questions in each of these 4 categories:\n\n- rider practices and procedures, road and traffic signs, and motorway riding\n\n- rider responsibilities, rider attitude, riders and the law, and environmental issues\n\n- motorcycle and rider safety, motorcycle dynamics and handling, and dealing with incidents\n\n- development and training, instructional and coaching techniques, and hazard perception\n\nTo pass the multiple-choice part, you must get both:\n\n- an overall score of at least 85 out of 100\n\n- at least 20 out of 25 in each of the 4 categories of questions\n\n## Hazard perception\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips featuring everyday road scenes. These will contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019.\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard. You need to score at least 57 points out of 75 to pass this part.\n\n## Managing your registration\n\nYou must carry your Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer certificate with you whenever you are giving training.\n\n## Renewing your registration\n\nYour registration lasts for either 1 year or 4 years. The registration and renewal fee is:\n\n- \u00a390 for 1 year\n\n- \u00a3240 for 4 years\n\nYou should apply to renew your registration at least 2 weeks before your current registration runs out.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for remembering when to renew your registration.\n\nTo renew, download the application form and send it to DVSA.\n\n## If your registration expired in the last 12 months\n\nYou can re-register using the same form. You will not have to go through the qualifying process again.\n\n## Standards checks and monitoring\n\nYou must take a standards check to make sure you can continue to be a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer. DVSA will contact you to arrange this.\n\nA DVSA examiner will watch you train a pupil to assess your training skills.\n\nHow you\u2019re checked depends on whether you\u2019re a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.\n\n## If you\u2019re a DAS instructor\n\nYour standards check will be based on a DVSA enhanced rider scheme lesson.\n\nYou must score 43 or more out of 51 to continue being an enhanced rider scheme trainer.\n\nIf you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as an enhanced rider scheme trainer.\n\n## If you cannot carry out a lesson because there\u2019s no pupil available\n\nThe DVSA examiner will carry out a motorcycle trainer standards check while you provide compulsory basic training (CBT). You need to score 43 or above to pass.\n\nIf you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as an enhanced rider scheme trainer, and will need to restart the qualification process. You can also be removed from the CBT instructor register.\n\n## If you\u2019re not a DAS instructor\n\nYou must take a standards check within the first year of qualifying as a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer. DVSA will contact you to arrange this.\n\nYour standards check will be based on a DVSA enhanced rider scheme lesson.\n\nYou must score 43 or more out of 51 to pass.\n\nIf you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as a trainer.\n\nIf this happens and you want to continue as a trainer, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- have an up to date recognised advanced rider qualification\n\n- pass another theory test\n\n- take additional training at an approved enhanced rider scheme trainer centre and provide proof of the development you\u2019ve taken\n\n## Documents to record training\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will email you the following documents when you first qualify:\n\n- DVSA enhanced rider scheme syllabus and list of modules\n\n- rider\u2019s log book\n\n- details of how to issue the DVSA certificate of competence\n\nUse these to provide and record training, and to issue certificates to riders who complete the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.\n\nYou\u2019ll also be sent leaflets and posters you can use to advertise the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.\n\n## If you lose your documents\n\nContact DVSA to get the documents sent again.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dvsa-enhanced-rider-scheme-trainer", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am qualified DVSA rider scheme instructor and I lost my riders log book among other documents during a fire outbreak in my house.", + "original_question": "Can i contact DVSA to get copies of my documents?" + }, + { + "id": "train-550", + "question": "Scenario: I am currently doing a Ph.D in cyber security. I live in England for the last 4 years and on a dependant visa of my husband so we don't have a settlement status yet.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for a Doctoral Loan ?\n\nDocument - Doctoral Loan:\n## Overview\n\nA Postgraduate Doctoral Loan can help with course fees and living costs while you study a postgraduate doctoral course, such as a PhD.\n\nThere\u2019s different funding if you normally live in Wales. Moving somewhere to study does not count as normally living there.\n\nYou can also get extra support if you have a disability.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## When you can apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to apply for funding for the 2021 to 2022 academic year from summer 2021. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.\n\n## When you repay your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a327,265 if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021\n\n- \u00a326,445 if your course starts between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021\n\n- \u00a325,700 if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get is not based on you or your family\u2019s income.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) may take account of the loan when working out any benefits you receive.\n\nThe loan is paid directly to you. You can use it for your course fees and living costs.\n\nThe loan will be divided equally across each year of your course.\n\n## If you apply after your first year\n\nYou can apply for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan in any year of your course. But if you apply after your first year, you might not get the maximum amount.\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a311,570 each year if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021\n\n- \u00a311,222 each year if your course started between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021\n\n- \u00a310,906 each year if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020\n\n## When you\u2019re paid\n\nYou get the first payment after your course start date, once your university or college confirms that you\u2019ve registered.\n\nThe loan will be paid in 3 instalments of 33%, 33% and 34% each year. After your application has been approved you\u2019ll be sent a letter with your payment dates or you can check them in your online account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify depends on:\n\n- your course\n\n- your age\n\n- your nationality or residency status\n\nYou will not be able to get a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if:\n\n- you\u2019ve received or will receive Research Council funding (for example, studentships, stipends, scholarships and tuition fee support)\n\n- you\u2019re already getting a social work bursary\n\n- you\u2019re already getting an Educational Psychology bursary and your course starts on or after 1 August 2020\n\n- you\u2019re eligible to apply for an NHS bursary (even if you\u2019re not receiving it)\n\n- you\u2019re already getting payments from Student Finance England for another course that you\u2019re studying\n\n- you\u2019ve received a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan before - unless you left your course due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason\n\n- you already have a doctoral degree, or a qualification that\u2019s equivalent or higher\n\n- you\u2019re receiving a doctorate by publication\n\n- you\u2019re behind in repayments for any previous loans from the Student Loans Company\n\n## Your course\n\nIt must:\n\n- be a full, standalone doctoral course (not a top-up course)\n\n- have started on or after 1 August 2018\n\n- last between 3 to 8 academic years\n\n- be provided by a university in the UK with research degree awarding powers\n\nIf more than one university delivers your course and one is overseas, you\u2019ll still be eligible for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan so long as:\n\n- the UK university is the lead institution\n\n- you spend at least 50% of your study time over the whole course in the UK\n\nIt can be:\n\n- full-time or part-time\n\n- taught or research-based, or a combination of both\n\nExamples of postgraduate doctoral qualifications include:\n\n- PhD / DPhil (Doctor of Philosophy)\n\n- EdD (Doctor of Education)\n\n- EngD (Doctor of Engineering)\n\n## Integrated doctorals\n\nYou can apply for a loan if your doctoral programme includes an integrated master\u2019s degree (even if you already have a master\u2019s degree).\n\nYou must register for a full doctoral degree.\n\nYou will not be able to apply for a separate Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan.\n\n## Distance learning\n\nTo qualify for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan for distance learning, you\u2019ll need to be living in England on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to live in:\n\n- England for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re an EU national\n\n- the UK for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re not an EU national\n\nThis usually does not apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- serving in the armed forces\n\n- a spouse or civil partner of a serving member of the armed forces\n\n- a dependent parent living with a serving member of the armed forces\n\n## Your age\n\nYou must be under 60 on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\nThe academic year is a period of 12 months starting on:\n\n- 1 September, if your course starts between 1 August and 31 December\n\n- 1 January, if your course starts between 1 January and 31 March\n\n- 1 April, if your course starts between 1 April and 30 June\n\n- 1 July, if your course starts between 1 July and 31 July\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nYou can apply for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re a UK or Irish national or have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or indefinite leave to remain so there are no restrictions on how long you can stay\n\n- you normally live in England\n\n- you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday\n\nYou may also be eligible if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who either:\n\n- returned to the UK on or after 1 January 2018 and by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- was living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein on 31 December 2020 and has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years\n\n## If you\u2019re an EU national or a family member of an EU national\n\nYou may be eligible if you\u2019re an EU national, or a family member of an EU national, and all the following apply:\n\n- you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme (no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- you\u2019ve normally lived in the UK, Gibraltar, EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years (this is also known as being \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ll be studying at a university in England\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re:\n\n- the child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- a migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, or a family member of one with settled or pre-settled status\n\n- a resident of Gibraltar who is a UK or EU national, or their family member\n\n## Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nYou need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.\n\n## If you have a different residency status\n\nYou may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:\n\n- refugee (including family members)\n\n- humanitarian protection (including family members)\n\n- child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- a stateless person (including family members)\n\n- an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment\n\n- a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain\n\n- a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ve been given settled status but not under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- you\u2019ve been given indefinite leave to remain because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner\n\n- you\u2019re the family member of a person of Northern Ireland and you have pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-UK national and have lived in the UK for a certain number of years\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:\n\n- under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years\n\n- 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\nYou must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply now for courses that start or started in the following academic years:\n\n- 2020 to 2021\n\n- 2019 to 2020\n\n- 2018 to 2019\n\nYou can apply in summer 2021 for courses that start in the academic year 2021 to 2022. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.\n\nCheck whether you\u2019re eligible before you apply.\n\nYou only need to apply once for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan. Student Finance England will write to you in the summer to tell you how much you\u2019ll get in the next academic year.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## Apply online\n\nIf you\u2019ve taken out a loan with Student Finance England before, use your account to apply.\n\nIf you do not already have one, set up an account.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIf you cannot apply online, apply by post \u2013 the address is on the form.\n\n## If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## If your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n## If your course started in the 2018\u00a0to 2019\u00a0academic year\n\nRead the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.\n\n## When to apply by\n\nThe deadline for applying depends on when you start your course.\n\nYou need to apply within 9 months of the first day of the last academic year of the course.\n\n## The academic year\n\nThe academic year is a period of 12 months.\n\n| Course start date between | First day of academic year |\n\n| 1 August and 31 December | 1 September |\n\n| 1 January and 31 March | 1 January |\n\n| 1 April and 30 June | 1 April |\n\n| 1 July and 31 July | 1 July |\n\n## Proof of identity\n\nInclude valid UK passport details in your application.\n\nUse the \u2018UK passport details\u2019 form if you need to send the details after your application. Do not send the passport itself.\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU national, send your passport or national identity card.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nYou should use the evidence return form for extra information to support your application, for example evidence of your residency status.\n\nYou may also be asked to complete the UK employment status form.\n\n## Change an application\n\nUse your online account to change your personal details, for example bank or contact details. Contact Student Finance England directly if you do not have an account.\n\n## Change the amount you\u2019ve asked for\n\nUse the loan request form to change the amount you\u2019ve applied for - you cannot do this online.\n\nIf your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:\n\nIf your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:\n\n## Other changes\n\nUse the change of circumstances form if you need to change any other details, for example your university or course. You cannot do this online.\n\nIf your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:\n\nIf your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:\n\n## Taking a break or withdrawing from your course\n\nTell Student Finance England and your institution straight away if you need to withdraw from your course. It may affect your future payments and eligibility for funding.\n\n## Extra help\n\nYou may qualify for other funding, for example grants from charities or trusts.\n\nStudent Finance England also has more information about other kinds of student finance.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## Disabled students\n\nIf you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (for example dyslexia) you can apply for:\n\n- Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\nYou may also qualify for disability related benefits.\n\n## Further information\n\nYou can learn more about the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan at the Student \nRoom website.\n\nContact Student Finance England if you have further questions.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/doctoral-loan", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am currently doing a Ph.D in cyber security. I live in England for the last 4 years and on a dependant visa of my husband so we don't have a settlement status yet.", + "original_question": "Can I apply for a Doctoral Loan ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-552", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 34 year old from Liverpool and I am looking to give my apprentice' a pay rise following a successful year.\n\nQuestion: Will I still receive funding if I raise pay for the apprentices?\n\nDocument - Employing an apprentice:\n## Overview\n\nApprentices are aged 16 or over and combine working with studying to gain skills and knowledge in a specific job.\n\nApprentices can be new or current employees.\n\nYou must pay the apprentice at least the minimum wage.\n\nYour apprentice must:\n\n- work with experienced staff\n\n- learn job-specific skills\n\n- get time for training or study during their working week (at least 20% of their normal working hours)\n\n## Hiring your apprentice\n\nThere are several steps to taking on an apprentice.\n\n- Choose an apprenticeship for your business or organisation.\n\n- Find an organisation that offers training for the apprenticeship you\u2019ve chosen.\n\n- Check what funding is available for training and other costs to your organisation.\n\n- Advertise your apprenticeship - you or your training provider can do this through the recruit an apprentice service.\n\n- Select your apprentice and make an apprenticeship agreement and commitment statement with them.\n\nIf you do not want to hire and train the apprentice yourself, you can use an apprenticeship training agency. The apprentice will be employed by the agency but will work in your organisation.\n\n## How long it lasts\n\nApprenticeships must last for at least a year. They can last up to 5 years depending on the level the apprentice is studying.\n\n## Get help\n\nFill in the enquiry form or contact the National Apprenticeship Service for more information.\n\nYou can get more information or use the webchat service on the apprenticeship service employer support site.\n\n## Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nContact your apprenticeship authority if you\u2019re an employer in:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n## Get funding\n\nYou can get help from the government:\n\n- to pay for apprenticeship training and assessment\n\n- as an incentive payment for other costs\n\n## Help to pay for apprenticeship training and assessment\n\nThe amount you get depends on whether you pay the apprenticeship levy or not. You pay the levy if you\u2019re an employer with a pay bill over \u00a33 million each year.\n\n## If you do not need to pay the levy\n\nYou pay 5% towards the cost of training and assessing your apprentice. You need to:\n\n- agree a payment schedule with the training provider\n\n- pay them directly for the training\n\nThe government will pay the rest (95%) up to the funding band maximum. They\u2019ll pay it directly to the training provider.\n\nYou could be eligible for extra funding depending on both your and your apprentice\u2019s circumstances.\n\nYou contribute 10% towards the cost of training and assessing your apprentice and the government pays the rest (90%) if your apprentice started before 1 April 2019. This rate continues until your apprentice completes their training.\n\n## If you pay the levy\n\nYou\u2019ll receive funds to spend on training and assessing your apprentices. The government will add 10%.\n\nHow you get your funds and pay for training depends on whether you\u2019re in:\n\n- England\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n## Help to pay for other costs\n\nYou can claim for an incentive payment for new apprentices who join your organisation.\n\nYou can claim \u00a33,000 for apprentices who start between 1 April 2021 and 30 September 2021.\n\nThe closing date for applications is 30 November 2021.\n\nFind out if you are eligible, what you can use the payment for and how to apply.\n\n## Register for a digital service account\n\nRegister for an apprenticeship service account to access funds or pay for training. You\u2019ll be able to apply for the incentive payment after you add new apprentices to your account.\n\nIf you pay the apprenticeship levy and use an apprenticeship training agency, you cannot use funds from your digital account to pay for the training agency\u2019s services.\n\n## Get help\n\nFill in the enquiry form or contact the National Apprenticeship Service for more information.\n\nYou can get more information or use the webchat service on the apprenticeship service employer support site.\n\n## Pay and conditions for apprentices\n\nYou are responsible for:\n\n- giving your apprentice their contract of employment\n\n- paying your apprentice\u2019s wage\n\n- signing an apprenticeship agreement\n\n## Pay for apprentices\n\nYou must pay apprentices at least the National Minimum Wage.\n\nThere\u2019s different rates of pay for apprentices depending on their age and what year of their apprenticeship they\u2019ve completed.\n\nThe contract of employment should make it clear what wage you\u2019ll pay your apprentice and for what hours.\n\n## Aged 16 to 18\n\nThe current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.\n\n## Aged 19 or over and in their first year\n\nThe current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.\n\n## Aged 19 or over and have completed their first year\n\nApprentices will be entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage rate for their age.\n\nUse the National Minimum Wage and Living Wage calculator to check if you\u2019re paying your apprentices correctly.\n\n## Conditions\n\nApprentices must work towards an approved apprenticeship. Their training must last at least 12 months.\n\nThey must be employed in a real job that gives them the opportunity to gain the knowledge and skills they need to pass their assessment.\n\n## Training and study\n\nYou must pay your apprentice for time spent training or studying for their apprenticeship.\n\nApprentices must spend at least 20% of their normal working hours training.\n\nThe training might take place:\n\n- at their place of work\n\n- somewhere else (for example, a college or training provider)\n\n- online\n\nIf your apprentice is also studying for English or maths qualifications required by their apprenticeship, they are entitled to paid study time during their normal working hours.\n\n## Employee rights\n\nYou must offer apprentices the same conditions as other employees working at similar grades or in similar roles. This includes:\n\n- paid holidays\n\n- sick pay\n\n- any benefits you offer such as childcare voucher schemes\n\n- any support you offer such as coaching or mentoring\n\n## Apprentices and redundancy\n\nApprentices have the same employment rights as your other employees. Follow the process for making staff redundant if you have to make an apprentice redundant.\n\nGet legal advice if you want to end the apprenticeship early for another reason.\n\n## Support for apprentices\n\nYour apprentice can get support if they\u2019re being made redundant or are at risk of redundancy.\n\nThey can get:\n\n- financial and legal advice\n\n- support for their health and wellbeing\n\n- help finding another apprenticeship\n\n## Make an apprenticeship agreement\n\nYou must sign an apprenticeship agreement with your apprentice.\n\nThis gives details of:\n\n- the skill, trade or occupation the apprentice is being trained for\n\n- the name of the apprenticeship they\u2019re working towards\n\n- the start and end dates for the apprenticeship\n\n- the amount of training you\u2019ll give them\n\nYou can write your own apprentice agreement or download an apprenticeship agreement template.\n\n## Commitment statement\n\nYou must sign a commitment statement with your apprentice and the training provider.\n\nYou can write your own commitment statement or use the ESFA apprenticeship commitment statement template.\n\nIt must include:\n\n- the planned content and schedule for training\n\n- what is expected and offered by the employer, the training provider and the apprentice\n\n- how to resolve queries or complaints", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employing-an-apprentice", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 34 year old from Liverpool and I am looking to give my apprentice' a pay rise following a successful year.", + "original_question": "Will I still receive funding if I raise pay for the apprentices?" + }, + { + "id": "train-553", + "question": "Scenario: I applied for a standard PSV license around 3 weeks ago. I have been out for work for a while now and would like to begin working as soon as possible using my license. I have payed all necessary fees.\n\nQuestion: Can I begin working before I have been issues my license?\n\nDocument - PSV (Public Service Vehicle) operator licences:\n## Overview\n\nYou need a public service vehicle (PSV) operator\u2019s licence to:\n\n- operate a vehicle for hire or reward (payment or payment in kind) that can carry 9 or more passengers\n\n- operate a smaller vehicle carrying passengers and charging separate fares for the journey\n\nRead PSV437, PSV operator licensing: a guide for operators.\n\n## Types of PSV licence\n\nThere are 4 types of PSV operator licences, plus special licensing rules in London.\n\n## Standard licence - national operations only\n\nYou can only operate in Great Britain if you apply for a standard licence. Most full-time commercial operators use standard licences.\n\n## Standard licence - national and international operations\n\nThis kind of licence lets you take passengers abroad as well as within Great Britain.\n\n## Restricted licence\n\nYou can only apply for a restricted licence for small-scale operations. They allow you to use 1 or 2 vehicles, and neither can carry more than 8 passengers.\n\nYou can carry up to 16 passengers in either vehicle if you do not use it as part of a passenger transport business, or you\u2019re operating your vehicles as a sideline and not as your main job.\n\n## Special restricted licence\n\nSpecial restricted licences are used to operate a licensed taxi on a local service. You can only apply for this licence if you\u2019re a licensed taxi operator. A local service is one where:\n\n- stops are no more than 24.15 kilometres (15 miles) apart\n\n- at least one stop is within the area of the district council that issued your taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV) licence\n\nThe service must be registered with the local Traffic Commissioner.\n\n## Licensing in London\n\nYou\u2019ll need a London Service Permit to run a private bus or coach service in London.\n\nTaxis and private hire services in London are licensed by Transport for London (TfL).\n\n## How to apply for a PSV licence\n\nYou can apply for a PSV operator\u2019s licence online. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 7 weeks.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to operate a vehicle before your licence has been issued.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your licence it will not have an expiry date, but you\u2019ll be asked to confirm your details every 5 years. The Traffic Commissioner\u2019s Office will get in touch with you to check them. You\u2019ll need to pay a continuation fee if you\u2019ve got a special restricted (taxi) licence.\n\nThe Traffic Commissioner can suspend or revoke your licence if they suspect you\u2019ve been breaking its terms.\n\nYou must also tell the Traffic Commissioner if your circumstances change.\n\n## Fees\n\n| Type of licence | Fees |\n\n| Application for a standard licence | \u00a3209 |\n\n| Application for a restricted licence | \u00a3209 |\n\n| Application for a special restricted (taxi) licence | \u00a361 |\n\n| Continuation fee for a special restricted (taxi) licence (payable every 5 years) | \u00a361 |\n\n| Make changes to a licence | \u00a3122 |\n\n## Ways you can pay\n\nPay for your licence online, by phone or by post.\n\n## Paying online\n\nYou can pay any application or licence fees when you apply for a vehicle operator licence online.\n\n## Paying by phone\n\nYou can pay by phone by calling the DVSA helpline.\n\n## Paying by post\n\nSend a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVSA\u2019 to the Central Licensing Office.\n\n## Making changes to your PSV licence\n\nYou can make changes to your PSV operator\u2019s licence once you have it, for example add more vehicles to it.\n\nYou can update your licence online.\n\nYou can make most changes to your licence for free. You must pay \u00a3122 if you want to:\n\n- increase the vehicle limit on your licence\n\n- upgrade your licence from standard national to standard international and increase the vehicle limit at the same time\n\n## Changes of circumstance\n\nYou must tell the Traffic Commissioner within 28 days if:\n\n- there\u2019s any change to the correspondence address of the business\n\n- there\u2019s any change to the establishment address (standard licences only)\n\n- there\u2019s any change in the address of your operating centres\n\n- there\u2019s any change in the trading name of the business\n\n- any of the persons named on the licence have died - you may need a new licence\n\n- there\u2019s been a change of partners if it\u2019s a partnership firm - you may need a new licence\n\n- there\u2019s been a change of transport managers\n\n- you, your transport manager, officers employees or agents have any relevant convictions\n\n- there\u2019s been any other change that the Traffic Commissioner asked you to report as a condition of getting your licence\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to tell the Traffic Commissioner if there\u2019s been a change in the \u2018legal entity\u2019 of your business, for example if:\n\n- your company changes from being a sole trader or partnership to a limited company\n\n- there\u2019s been a change in your registered company number\n\n- there\u2019s been a change of directors or change in share holding\n\nSend details of any changes to the Office of the Traffic Commissioner\u2019s Central Licensing Office at the DVSA.\n\n## Appealing a decision\n\nYou can appeal if your application for a PSV operator licence is refused.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send a written notice of appeal to the Upper Tribunal, Administrative Appeals Chamber. There is no fee.\n\nYour notice of appeal needs to be received within one month of the Traffic Commissioner\u2019s decision.\n\n## Guidance on making an appeal\n\nDownload detailed Tribunals Service guidance on making an appeal.\n\n## Appealing an Upper Tribunal decision\n\nIf your appeal is unsuccessful and you think that the decision is wrong, you can appeal to the Court of Appeal (England and Wales) or the Court of Session (Scotland).\n\nYou must have permission from the Upper Tribunal, or if the Upper Tribunal refuses, from the Court.\n\nYour application for permission to appeal must be received within 1 month of the original appeal decision.\n\nDownload detailed guidance about appealing an Upper Tribunal decision.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/psv-operator-licences", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I applied for a standard PSV license around 3 weeks ago. I have been out for work for a while now and would like to begin working as soon as possible using my license. I have payed all necessary fees.", + "original_question": "Can I begin working before I have been issues my license?" + }, + { + "id": "train-554", + "question": "Scenario: I have been operating as a sole public service driver for the past year. Some other drivers in my position and I recently decided to merge into a limited company.\n\nQuestion: Do we need to notify the Traffic Commissioner about the change?\n\nDocument - PSV (Public Service Vehicle) operator licences:\n## Overview\n\nYou need a public service vehicle (PSV) operator\u2019s licence to:\n\n- operate a vehicle for hire or reward (payment or payment in kind) that can carry 9 or more passengers\n\n- operate a smaller vehicle carrying passengers and charging separate fares for the journey\n\nRead PSV437, PSV operator licensing: a guide for operators.\n\n## Types of PSV licence\n\nThere are 4 types of PSV operator licences, plus special licensing rules in London.\n\n## Standard licence - national operations only\n\nYou can only operate in Great Britain if you apply for a standard licence. Most full-time commercial operators use standard licences.\n\n## Standard licence - national and international operations\n\nThis kind of licence lets you take passengers abroad as well as within Great Britain.\n\n## Restricted licence\n\nYou can only apply for a restricted licence for small-scale operations. They allow you to use 1 or 2 vehicles, and neither can carry more than 8 passengers.\n\nYou can carry up to 16 passengers in either vehicle if you do not use it as part of a passenger transport business, or you\u2019re operating your vehicles as a sideline and not as your main job.\n\n## Special restricted licence\n\nSpecial restricted licences are used to operate a licensed taxi on a local service. You can only apply for this licence if you\u2019re a licensed taxi operator. A local service is one where:\n\n- stops are no more than 24.15 kilometres (15 miles) apart\n\n- at least one stop is within the area of the district council that issued your taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV) licence\n\nThe service must be registered with the local Traffic Commissioner.\n\n## Licensing in London\n\nYou\u2019ll need a London Service Permit to run a private bus or coach service in London.\n\nTaxis and private hire services in London are licensed by Transport for London (TfL).\n\n## How to apply for a PSV licence\n\nYou can apply for a PSV operator\u2019s licence online. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 7 weeks.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to operate a vehicle before your licence has been issued.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your licence it will not have an expiry date, but you\u2019ll be asked to confirm your details every 5 years. The Traffic Commissioner\u2019s Office will get in touch with you to check them. You\u2019ll need to pay a continuation fee if you\u2019ve got a special restricted (taxi) licence.\n\nThe Traffic Commissioner can suspend or revoke your licence if they suspect you\u2019ve been breaking its terms.\n\nYou must also tell the Traffic Commissioner if your circumstances change.\n\n## Fees\n\n| Type of licence | Fees |\n\n| Application for a standard licence | \u00a3209 |\n\n| Application for a restricted licence | \u00a3209 |\n\n| Application for a special restricted (taxi) licence | \u00a361 |\n\n| Continuation fee for a special restricted (taxi) licence (payable every 5 years) | \u00a361 |\n\n| Make changes to a licence | \u00a3122 |\n\n## Ways you can pay\n\nPay for your licence online, by phone or by post.\n\n## Paying online\n\nYou can pay any application or licence fees when you apply for a vehicle operator licence online.\n\n## Paying by phone\n\nYou can pay by phone by calling the DVSA helpline.\n\n## Paying by post\n\nSend a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVSA\u2019 to the Central Licensing Office.\n\n## Making changes to your PSV licence\n\nYou can make changes to your PSV operator\u2019s licence once you have it, for example add more vehicles to it.\n\nYou can update your licence online.\n\nYou can make most changes to your licence for free. You must pay \u00a3122 if you want to:\n\n- increase the vehicle limit on your licence\n\n- upgrade your licence from standard national to standard international and increase the vehicle limit at the same time\n\n## Changes of circumstance\n\nYou must tell the Traffic Commissioner within 28 days if:\n\n- there\u2019s any change to the correspondence address of the business\n\n- there\u2019s any change to the establishment address (standard licences only)\n\n- there\u2019s any change in the address of your operating centres\n\n- there\u2019s any change in the trading name of the business\n\n- any of the persons named on the licence have died - you may need a new licence\n\n- there\u2019s been a change of partners if it\u2019s a partnership firm - you may need a new licence\n\n- there\u2019s been a change of transport managers\n\n- you, your transport manager, officers employees or agents have any relevant convictions\n\n- there\u2019s been any other change that the Traffic Commissioner asked you to report as a condition of getting your licence\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to tell the Traffic Commissioner if there\u2019s been a change in the \u2018legal entity\u2019 of your business, for example if:\n\n- your company changes from being a sole trader or partnership to a limited company\n\n- there\u2019s been a change in your registered company number\n\n- there\u2019s been a change of directors or change in share holding\n\nSend details of any changes to the Office of the Traffic Commissioner\u2019s Central Licensing Office at the DVSA.\n\n## Appealing a decision\n\nYou can appeal if your application for a PSV operator licence is refused.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send a written notice of appeal to the Upper Tribunal, Administrative Appeals Chamber. There is no fee.\n\nYour notice of appeal needs to be received within one month of the Traffic Commissioner\u2019s decision.\n\n## Guidance on making an appeal\n\nDownload detailed Tribunals Service guidance on making an appeal.\n\n## Appealing an Upper Tribunal decision\n\nIf your appeal is unsuccessful and you think that the decision is wrong, you can appeal to the Court of Appeal (England and Wales) or the Court of Session (Scotland).\n\nYou must have permission from the Upper Tribunal, or if the Upper Tribunal refuses, from the Court.\n\nYour application for permission to appeal must be received within 1 month of the original appeal decision.\n\nDownload detailed guidance about appealing an Upper Tribunal decision.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/psv-operator-licences", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been operating as a sole public service driver for the past year. Some other drivers in my position and I recently decided to merge into a limited company.", + "original_question": "Do we need to notify the Traffic Commissioner about the change?" + }, + { + "id": "train-557", + "question": "Scenario: My Uncle is an experienced driver and passed the driving test with a semi-automatic car. He has moved to the countryside and the only available car to take my father to the hospital is a manual.\n\nQuestion: Is he allowed to drive a manual car with an automatic driving licence?\n\nDocument - Driving test: cars:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou can book your driving test when you\u2019ve passed your theory test.\n\nYou do not need to pass another theory test if you\u2019re upgrading an automatic car licence to a manual licence.\n\nTo pass the driving test you must be able to:\n\n- drive safely in different road and traffic conditions\n\n- show that you know The Highway Code by the way you drive\n\nThe national standard for driving cars tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test. Only take your test when you can do everything without instruction.\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked.\n\nYou can check the details if you\u2019ve lost the email confirmation you were sent when you booked your test.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your driving test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your UK driving licence\n\n- your theory test pass certificate, if you have it\n\n- a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one\n\n- a car - most people use their driving instructor\u2019s, but you can use your own car if it meets the rules\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.\n\nYour test will be cancelled if you come for your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\nBecause of COVID-19 the car you use must have the windows open throughout the test. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nRearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time.\n\n## If you do not have a photocard licence\n\nBring a valid passport and your paper licence.\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nBring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate\n\nYou do not need to get a replacement theory test certificate. Your driving examiner will check that you\u2019ve passed your theory test before your driving test starts.\n\n## What happens during the test\n\nThere are 5 parts to the driving test:\n\n- an eyesight check\n\n- \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions\n\n- general driving ability\n\n- reversing your vehicle\n\n- independent driving\n\nThe test is the same for both manual and automatic cars.\n\n## How long the test lasts\n\nYou\u2019ll drive for around 40 minutes.\n\nYou\u2019ll drive for around 70 minutes if you\u2019re taking an extended driving test because you\u2019ve been banned from driving.\n\n## Eyesight check\n\nYou\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, such as AB51 ABC.\n\nYou\u2019ll fail your driving test if you fail the eyesight check. The test will end.\n\n## \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked the:\n\n- \u2018tell me\u2019 question at the start of your test, before you start driving\n\n- \u2018show me\u2019 question while you\u2019re driving\n\n## Your general driving ability\n\nYou\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways.\n\nThe examiner will give you directions that you should follow. Driving test routes are not published, so you cannot check them before your test.\n\n## Pulling over at the side of the road\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to pull over and pull away during your test, including:\n\n- normal stops at the side of the road\n\n- pulling out from behind a parked vehicle\n\n- a hill start\n\nYou might also be asked to carry out an emergency stop.\n\n## Reversing your vehicle\n\nThe examiner will ask you to do one of the following exercises:\n\n- parallel park at the side of the road\n\n- park in a parking bay - either by driving in and reversing out, or reversing in and driving out (the examiner will tell you which you have to do)\n\n- pull up on the right-hand side of the road, reverse for around 2 car lengths, and rejoin the traffic\n\n## Independent driving\n\nYou\u2019ll have to drive for about 20 minutes by following either:\n\n- directions from a sat nav\n\n- traffic signs\n\nThe examiner will tell you which you have to follow.\n\nThey\u2019ll set the sat nav up for you. You cannot use your own sat nav.\n\n## If you cannot see traffic signs\n\nIf you cannot see a traffic sign (for example, because it\u2019s covered by trees), the examiner will give you directions until you can see the next one.\n\n## Going off the route\n\nThe examiner will not give you a fault for taking a wrong turning.\n\nThey\u2019ll help you get back on the route if you do.\n\n## If you make mistakes during your test\n\nYou can carry on if you make a mistake. It might not affect your test result if it\u2019s not serious.\n\nYour driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre if the mistake you made means you\u2019ve failed. The test will end early.\n\n## Other people at your test\n\nYour driving examiner\u2019s supervisor might sit in on your test to watch your examiner\u2019s performance. If you refuse, your test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again.\n\n## Driving test faults and your result\n\nThere are 3 types of faults you can make:\n\n- a dangerous fault - this involves actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- a serious fault - something potentially dangerous\n\n- a driving fault - this is not potentially dangerous, but if you keep making the same fault, it could become a serious fault\n\n## Pass mark\n\nYou\u2019ll pass your driving test if you make:\n\n- no more than 15 driving faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass your test\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate\n\n- ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this\n\nApply for your full driving licence within 2 years of passing your test if you do not want to get your licence automatically.\n\n## When you can start driving\n\nYou can start driving straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.\n\nContact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nThe examiner will tell you what faults you made.\n\nYou have to book another test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## Appeal your driving test\n\nYou can appeal your driving test if you can prove that your driving examiner did not follow the law.\n\nRead the guidance on appealing your driving test to check if your examiner followed the law.\n\nIf you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)\n\nIf DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.\n\nIf DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.\n\n## Appeal your driving test to a court\n\nYou can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.\n\nYour test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.\n\nYou might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to appeal within:\n\n- 6 months of your driving test in England and Wales\n\n- 21 days of your driving test in Scotland\n\nCheck if you can appeal.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather\n\nYour driving test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.\n\n## If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take your driving test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nDriving tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your car\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used\n\n## If your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty\n\nWhen you book your driving test you should say if you have a:\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n- learning difficulty\n\n- reason not to wear a face covering\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to drive to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.\n\n## You have a disability\n\nYou\u2019ll have time with the examiner once you start the test to talk about:\n\n- your disability\n\n- any adaptations fitted to your car\n\nThey might also agree for you to have more time for instructions and directions during your test.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nThe examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.\n\nThe examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.\n\n## Using a sign language interpreter\n\nYou can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.\n\nYour driving instructor can be your interpreter.\n\nYou need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge. You can claim the cost back after your test.\n\n## You\u2019re pregnant\n\nYou can take a driving test at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to do an emergency stop.\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nWhen you do the eyesight check at the start of the driving test, you can write down the number plate instead of reading it out loud.\n\n## You have learning difficulties\n\nThe examiner will make adjustments for the independent driving part of the test if you have learning difficulties.\n\nThey might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of directions from a sat nav.\n\n## Using your own car for your test\n\nYou can take your driving test in your own car rather than your driving instructor\u2019s if it meets certain rules.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.\n\n## Rules about the car\n\nYour car must:\n\n- be taxed\n\n- be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)\n\n- be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)\n\n- have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light\n\n- have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted\n\n- be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test\n\n- be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer\n\n- have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg\n\nThe MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety\n\nBecause of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.\n\nThis means:\n\n- tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats\n\n- wiping down the dashboard and car controls\n\nThe examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.\n\nThe car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Things that must be fitted\n\nThe car must have:\n\n- an extra interior rear-view mirror for the examiner\n\n- L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear\n\n- a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)\n\n## Dashcams and other cameras\n\nYou can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:\n\n- faces outside of the car and does not film the inside\n\n- does not record audio from inside the car\n\n## Vehicle features\n\nYou can use a car with:\n\n- an electronic parking brake\n\n- hill-start assist\n\n## Manual and automatic cars\n\nYou can take the test in a:\n\n- manual car - these have 3 pedals\n\n- automatic or semi-automatic car - these have 2 pedals\n\nIf you take your test in a semi-automatic car you\u2019ll only be able to drive automatic and semi-automatic cars once you\u2019ve passed your test.\n\n## Hire cars\n\nYou can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.\n\n## Cars you cannot use\n\nSome cars cannot be used in the test because they do not give the examiner all-round vision.\n\nYou cannot use any of the following:\n\n- BMW Mini convertible\n\n- Ford KA convertible\n\n- Toyota iQ\n\n- VW Beetle convertible\n\nCheck with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test if you want to use a:\n\n- convertible car\n\n- panel van\n\n## Cars with known safety faults\n\nYou cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.\n\nYou must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.\n\n| | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date |\n\n| Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and\u00a00N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n## Proof you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring proof that says one of the following:\n\n- the car was recalled and the recall work has been done\n\n- the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done\n\n- the car was not part of the recall\n\nThe proof must be either:\n\n- the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer\n\n- on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Uncle is an experienced driver and passed the driving test with a semi-automatic car. He has moved to the countryside and the only available car to take my father to the hospital is a manual.", + "original_question": "Is he allowed to drive a manual car with an automatic driving licence?" + }, + { + "id": "train-558", + "question": "Scenario: I own a 4 wheel drive car. It is fully registered, taxed and insured. It can go at 70mph speed and has a current MOT.I am afraid of contracting the covid virus during driving test from instructor's car.\n\nQuestion: Can I use my own car for my driving test?\n\nDocument - Driving test: cars:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou can book your driving test when you\u2019ve passed your theory test.\n\nYou do not need to pass another theory test if you\u2019re upgrading an automatic car licence to a manual licence.\n\nTo pass the driving test you must be able to:\n\n- drive safely in different road and traffic conditions\n\n- show that you know The Highway Code by the way you drive\n\nThe national standard for driving cars tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test. Only take your test when you can do everything without instruction.\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked.\n\nYou can check the details if you\u2019ve lost the email confirmation you were sent when you booked your test.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your driving test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your UK driving licence\n\n- your theory test pass certificate, if you have it\n\n- a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one\n\n- a car - most people use their driving instructor\u2019s, but you can use your own car if it meets the rules\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.\n\nYour test will be cancelled if you come for your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\nBecause of COVID-19 the car you use must have the windows open throughout the test. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nRearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time.\n\n## If you do not have a photocard licence\n\nBring a valid passport and your paper licence.\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nBring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate\n\nYou do not need to get a replacement theory test certificate. Your driving examiner will check that you\u2019ve passed your theory test before your driving test starts.\n\n## What happens during the test\n\nThere are 5 parts to the driving test:\n\n- an eyesight check\n\n- \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions\n\n- general driving ability\n\n- reversing your vehicle\n\n- independent driving\n\nThe test is the same for both manual and automatic cars.\n\n## How long the test lasts\n\nYou\u2019ll drive for around 40 minutes.\n\nYou\u2019ll drive for around 70 minutes if you\u2019re taking an extended driving test because you\u2019ve been banned from driving.\n\n## Eyesight check\n\nYou\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, such as AB51 ABC.\n\nYou\u2019ll fail your driving test if you fail the eyesight check. The test will end.\n\n## \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked the:\n\n- \u2018tell me\u2019 question at the start of your test, before you start driving\n\n- \u2018show me\u2019 question while you\u2019re driving\n\n## Your general driving ability\n\nYou\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways.\n\nThe examiner will give you directions that you should follow. Driving test routes are not published, so you cannot check them before your test.\n\n## Pulling over at the side of the road\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to pull over and pull away during your test, including:\n\n- normal stops at the side of the road\n\n- pulling out from behind a parked vehicle\n\n- a hill start\n\nYou might also be asked to carry out an emergency stop.\n\n## Reversing your vehicle\n\nThe examiner will ask you to do one of the following exercises:\n\n- parallel park at the side of the road\n\n- park in a parking bay - either by driving in and reversing out, or reversing in and driving out (the examiner will tell you which you have to do)\n\n- pull up on the right-hand side of the road, reverse for around 2 car lengths, and rejoin the traffic\n\n## Independent driving\n\nYou\u2019ll have to drive for about 20 minutes by following either:\n\n- directions from a sat nav\n\n- traffic signs\n\nThe examiner will tell you which you have to follow.\n\nThey\u2019ll set the sat nav up for you. You cannot use your own sat nav.\n\n## If you cannot see traffic signs\n\nIf you cannot see a traffic sign (for example, because it\u2019s covered by trees), the examiner will give you directions until you can see the next one.\n\n## Going off the route\n\nThe examiner will not give you a fault for taking a wrong turning.\n\nThey\u2019ll help you get back on the route if you do.\n\n## If you make mistakes during your test\n\nYou can carry on if you make a mistake. It might not affect your test result if it\u2019s not serious.\n\nYour driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre if the mistake you made means you\u2019ve failed. The test will end early.\n\n## Other people at your test\n\nYour driving examiner\u2019s supervisor might sit in on your test to watch your examiner\u2019s performance. If you refuse, your test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again.\n\n## Driving test faults and your result\n\nThere are 3 types of faults you can make:\n\n- a dangerous fault - this involves actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- a serious fault - something potentially dangerous\n\n- a driving fault - this is not potentially dangerous, but if you keep making the same fault, it could become a serious fault\n\n## Pass mark\n\nYou\u2019ll pass your driving test if you make:\n\n- no more than 15 driving faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass your test\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate\n\n- ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this\n\nApply for your full driving licence within 2 years of passing your test if you do not want to get your licence automatically.\n\n## When you can start driving\n\nYou can start driving straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.\n\nContact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nThe examiner will tell you what faults you made.\n\nYou have to book another test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## Appeal your driving test\n\nYou can appeal your driving test if you can prove that your driving examiner did not follow the law.\n\nRead the guidance on appealing your driving test to check if your examiner followed the law.\n\nIf you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)\n\nIf DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.\n\nIf DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.\n\n## Appeal your driving test to a court\n\nYou can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.\n\nYour test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.\n\nYou might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to appeal within:\n\n- 6 months of your driving test in England and Wales\n\n- 21 days of your driving test in Scotland\n\nCheck if you can appeal.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather\n\nYour driving test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.\n\n## If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take your driving test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nDriving tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your car\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used\n\n## If your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty\n\nWhen you book your driving test you should say if you have a:\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n- learning difficulty\n\n- reason not to wear a face covering\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to drive to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.\n\n## You have a disability\n\nYou\u2019ll have time with the examiner once you start the test to talk about:\n\n- your disability\n\n- any adaptations fitted to your car\n\nThey might also agree for you to have more time for instructions and directions during your test.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nThe examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.\n\nThe examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.\n\n## Using a sign language interpreter\n\nYou can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.\n\nYour driving instructor can be your interpreter.\n\nYou need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge. You can claim the cost back after your test.\n\n## You\u2019re pregnant\n\nYou can take a driving test at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to do an emergency stop.\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nWhen you do the eyesight check at the start of the driving test, you can write down the number plate instead of reading it out loud.\n\n## You have learning difficulties\n\nThe examiner will make adjustments for the independent driving part of the test if you have learning difficulties.\n\nThey might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of directions from a sat nav.\n\n## Using your own car for your test\n\nYou can take your driving test in your own car rather than your driving instructor\u2019s if it meets certain rules.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.\n\n## Rules about the car\n\nYour car must:\n\n- be taxed\n\n- be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)\n\n- be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)\n\n- have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light\n\n- have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted\n\n- be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test\n\n- be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer\n\n- have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg\n\nThe MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety\n\nBecause of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.\n\nThis means:\n\n- tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats\n\n- wiping down the dashboard and car controls\n\nThe examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.\n\nThe car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Things that must be fitted\n\nThe car must have:\n\n- an extra interior rear-view mirror for the examiner\n\n- L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear\n\n- a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)\n\n## Dashcams and other cameras\n\nYou can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:\n\n- faces outside of the car and does not film the inside\n\n- does not record audio from inside the car\n\n## Vehicle features\n\nYou can use a car with:\n\n- an electronic parking brake\n\n- hill-start assist\n\n## Manual and automatic cars\n\nYou can take the test in a:\n\n- manual car - these have 3 pedals\n\n- automatic or semi-automatic car - these have 2 pedals\n\nIf you take your test in a semi-automatic car you\u2019ll only be able to drive automatic and semi-automatic cars once you\u2019ve passed your test.\n\n## Hire cars\n\nYou can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.\n\n## Cars you cannot use\n\nSome cars cannot be used in the test because they do not give the examiner all-round vision.\n\nYou cannot use any of the following:\n\n- BMW Mini convertible\n\n- Ford KA convertible\n\n- Toyota iQ\n\n- VW Beetle convertible\n\nCheck with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test if you want to use a:\n\n- convertible car\n\n- panel van\n\n## Cars with known safety faults\n\nYou cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.\n\nYou must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.\n\n| | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date |\n\n| Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and\u00a00N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n## Proof you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring proof that says one of the following:\n\n- the car was recalled and the recall work has been done\n\n- the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done\n\n- the car was not part of the recall\n\nThe proof must be either:\n\n- the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer\n\n- on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a 4 wheel drive car. It is fully registered, taxed and insured. It can go at 70mph speed and has a current MOT.I am afraid of contracting the covid virus during driving test from instructor's car.", + "original_question": "Can I use my own car for my driving test?" + }, + { + "id": "train-559", + "question": "Scenario: My 19 years sister is a UK citizen . She wants to apply for an Advanced learners loan. She will be joining Birmingham University for her Bachelor of Arts. Unfortunately her passport has expired .\n\nQuestion: Can she use her birth certificate to apply?\n\nDocument - Advanced Learner Loan:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for an Advanced Learner Loan to help with the costs of a course at a college or training provider in England.\n\nLoan eligibility does not depend on your income and there are no credit checks.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible before you apply for an Advanced Learner Loan.\n\nDifferent funding is available if you want to study in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales.\n\n## When you repay your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.\n\n## Access to Higher Education (HE) course\n\nStudent Finance England will \u2018write off\u2019 any outstanding Advanced Learner Loan balances you owe for an Access to HE course once you complete a higher education course. This means you do not have to repay it.\n\nThe higher education course must be eligible for student finance.\n\n## Loan Bursary Fund\n\nYou may also be eligible for money from the Advanced Learner Loan Bursary Fund if you need help with some costs while studying, for example childcare, travel or trips related to your course.\n\nUse the Money Advice Service to work out the cost of borrowing.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- the type of course\n\n- your course fees\n\n- the maximum loan available for your course\n\nThe minimum loan you can get is \u00a3300 and is paid directly to your college or training provider.\n\nYou do not have to borrow the full cost of your course - you can pay for some of it yourself.\n\n## Number of loans you can get\n\nYou can apply for up to 4 loans and you can get more than one at the same time.\n\nYou can apply for another loan to take the same level of a course, for example the same level qualification in History if you\u2019ve already had a loan for the same level in Maths.\n\nYou can only apply once for an Access to Higher Education course.\n\n## A Levels\n\nYou can apply for a loan to fund each course you take towards your A Levels - up to a maximum of 4 A Levels.\n\nThis means you can have up to 8 loans if you\u2019re taking each A Level as 2 separate courses.\n\nThe courses must be in the same subject to qualify for a full A Level.\n\nYou can get 3 more loans for non A Level courses either before or after your course of A Levels.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify for an Advanced Learner Loan depends on your:\n\n- age\n\n- course\n\n- college or training provider\n\n- nationality or residency status\n\nYou must be 19 or older on the first day of your course.\n\nYour course must be:\n\n- a Level 3, 4, 5 or 6 qualification, for example A Levels or graduate certificate\n\n- at an approved college or training provider in England\n\nAsk your college or training provider if you do not know if your course is eligible.\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nIn most cases, all of the following must apply. You must:\n\n- be living in the UK on the first day of your course\n\n- be a UK national or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (this means there are no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- have been living in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years before starting your course\n\nIf you have settled status because you\u2019re a victim of domestic violence, you do not need to have lived in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years.\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re:\n\n- a UK national, or someone with settled status, but you live in the European Economic Area (EEA)\n\n- an EU national or a family member of one\n\n- not a UK national but you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\n- a refugee or a relative of one\n\n- a migrant worker\n\n- the child of a Swiss national\n\n- the child of a Turkish worker\n\n- under humanitarian protection or a relative of someone who has been granted it\n\n- staying in the UK as a stateless person (or their family member) and your course started on or after 1 August 2018\n\n- a serving member of the UK armed forces (or their spouse, civil partner or a dependent parent or child living with them) doing a distance learning course from outside the UK that started on or after 1 August 2017\n\n- someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain or a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain - if your course starts on or after 1 August 2020 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course\n\n## Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nYou need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Check with your college or training provider that the course qualifies.\n\n- Ask them for a \u2018Learning and funding information\u2019 letter - you need this to complete the application. It contains the details about your course.\n\n- Apply online - you\u2019ll need to register first. You can apply by post if you cannot apply online.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter confirming your loan - usually within 2 weeks if you apply online (postal applications take longer).\n\n## What you need to know\n\nYou cannot apply until you get a \u2018learning and funding information letter\u2019 from your college or training provider.\n\nYou can apply for a loan without a National Insurance number but you must have one before the loan can be paid.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIf you cannot apply online, apply by post - the address is on the form.\n\n## Proof of identity\n\nIf you\u2019re a UK national, include your UK passport details in your application as proof of identity. If you forget, use the \u2018UK passport details form\u2019.\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\nIf you\u2019re from an EU country, send your EU passport or identity card the first time you apply.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nUse the \u2018Evidence return form\u2019 if you need to send extra information to support your application, such as proof of residency status.\n\n## Change an application\n\nOnce your application has been approved you can log in to your account to make a change online.\n\nIf you just want to change your loan amount you can use the loan request form instead.\n\n## Bursary fund\n\nYou may apply to get money from the Loan Bursary Fund after you\u2019ve received a letter approving your Advanced Learner Loan.\n\nThe money can help pay for things like:\n\n- accommodation and travel\n\n- course materials and equipment\n\n- childcare\n\n- classroom assistance for a disability or learning difficulty - once you\u2019re assessed by your college or training provider\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply to your college or training provider - each one has its own application process. How much you get depends on the provider\u2019s scheme and your circumstances.\n\nSpeak to student services if you need support with your application.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nYour college or training provider decides how the money is paid. You\u2019ll normally be paid direct. You might be able to arrange for the money to be paid to someone else instead, for example your landlord or childcare provider.\n\nIn some situations fund money must be paid back. This is generally if you\u2019re a student experiencing a temporary financial difficulty and need a loan, for example for help with your mortgage or rent.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:\n\n- Professional and Career Development Loans\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- getting student finance for higher education\n\n- on an apprenticeship training scheme\n\n- on a Community Learning course\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nContact your college or training provider to appeal a decision from the Loan Bursary Fund.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My 19 years sister is a UK citizen . She wants to apply for an Advanced learners loan. She will be joining Birmingham University for her Bachelor of Arts. Unfortunately her passport has expired .", + "original_question": "Can she use her birth certificate to apply?" + }, + { + "id": "train-560", + "question": "Scenario: My niece is a UK citizen and doing apprenticeship masters in Engineering in Bath university. She would like to apply for a bursary fund to cater for her course work.\n\nQuestion: Can she apply for a bursary fund?\n\nDocument - Advanced Learner Loan:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for an Advanced Learner Loan to help with the costs of a course at a college or training provider in England.\n\nLoan eligibility does not depend on your income and there are no credit checks.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible before you apply for an Advanced Learner Loan.\n\nDifferent funding is available if you want to study in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales.\n\n## When you repay your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.\n\n## Access to Higher Education (HE) course\n\nStudent Finance England will \u2018write off\u2019 any outstanding Advanced Learner Loan balances you owe for an Access to HE course once you complete a higher education course. This means you do not have to repay it.\n\nThe higher education course must be eligible for student finance.\n\n## Loan Bursary Fund\n\nYou may also be eligible for money from the Advanced Learner Loan Bursary Fund if you need help with some costs while studying, for example childcare, travel or trips related to your course.\n\nUse the Money Advice Service to work out the cost of borrowing.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- the type of course\n\n- your course fees\n\n- the maximum loan available for your course\n\nThe minimum loan you can get is \u00a3300 and is paid directly to your college or training provider.\n\nYou do not have to borrow the full cost of your course - you can pay for some of it yourself.\n\n## Number of loans you can get\n\nYou can apply for up to 4 loans and you can get more than one at the same time.\n\nYou can apply for another loan to take the same level of a course, for example the same level qualification in History if you\u2019ve already had a loan for the same level in Maths.\n\nYou can only apply once for an Access to Higher Education course.\n\n## A Levels\n\nYou can apply for a loan to fund each course you take towards your A Levels - up to a maximum of 4 A Levels.\n\nThis means you can have up to 8 loans if you\u2019re taking each A Level as 2 separate courses.\n\nThe courses must be in the same subject to qualify for a full A Level.\n\nYou can get 3 more loans for non A Level courses either before or after your course of A Levels.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify for an Advanced Learner Loan depends on your:\n\n- age\n\n- course\n\n- college or training provider\n\n- nationality or residency status\n\nYou must be 19 or older on the first day of your course.\n\nYour course must be:\n\n- a Level 3, 4, 5 or 6 qualification, for example A Levels or graduate certificate\n\n- at an approved college or training provider in England\n\nAsk your college or training provider if you do not know if your course is eligible.\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nIn most cases, all of the following must apply. You must:\n\n- be living in the UK on the first day of your course\n\n- be a UK national or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (this means there are no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- have been living in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years before starting your course\n\nIf you have settled status because you\u2019re a victim of domestic violence, you do not need to have lived in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years.\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re:\n\n- a UK national, or someone with settled status, but you live in the European Economic Area (EEA)\n\n- an EU national or a family member of one\n\n- not a UK national but you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\n- a refugee or a relative of one\n\n- a migrant worker\n\n- the child of a Swiss national\n\n- the child of a Turkish worker\n\n- under humanitarian protection or a relative of someone who has been granted it\n\n- staying in the UK as a stateless person (or their family member) and your course started on or after 1 August 2018\n\n- a serving member of the UK armed forces (or their spouse, civil partner or a dependent parent or child living with them) doing a distance learning course from outside the UK that started on or after 1 August 2017\n\n- someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain or a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain - if your course starts on or after 1 August 2020 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course\n\n## Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nYou need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Check with your college or training provider that the course qualifies.\n\n- Ask them for a \u2018Learning and funding information\u2019 letter - you need this to complete the application. It contains the details about your course.\n\n- Apply online - you\u2019ll need to register first. You can apply by post if you cannot apply online.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter confirming your loan - usually within 2 weeks if you apply online (postal applications take longer).\n\n## What you need to know\n\nYou cannot apply until you get a \u2018learning and funding information letter\u2019 from your college or training provider.\n\nYou can apply for a loan without a National Insurance number but you must have one before the loan can be paid.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIf you cannot apply online, apply by post - the address is on the form.\n\n## Proof of identity\n\nIf you\u2019re a UK national, include your UK passport details in your application as proof of identity. If you forget, use the \u2018UK passport details form\u2019.\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\nIf you\u2019re from an EU country, send your EU passport or identity card the first time you apply.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nUse the \u2018Evidence return form\u2019 if you need to send extra information to support your application, such as proof of residency status.\n\n## Change an application\n\nOnce your application has been approved you can log in to your account to make a change online.\n\nIf you just want to change your loan amount you can use the loan request form instead.\n\n## Bursary fund\n\nYou may apply to get money from the Loan Bursary Fund after you\u2019ve received a letter approving your Advanced Learner Loan.\n\nThe money can help pay for things like:\n\n- accommodation and travel\n\n- course materials and equipment\n\n- childcare\n\n- classroom assistance for a disability or learning difficulty - once you\u2019re assessed by your college or training provider\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply to your college or training provider - each one has its own application process. How much you get depends on the provider\u2019s scheme and your circumstances.\n\nSpeak to student services if you need support with your application.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nYour college or training provider decides how the money is paid. You\u2019ll normally be paid direct. You might be able to arrange for the money to be paid to someone else instead, for example your landlord or childcare provider.\n\nIn some situations fund money must be paid back. This is generally if you\u2019re a student experiencing a temporary financial difficulty and need a loan, for example for help with your mortgage or rent.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:\n\n- Professional and Career Development Loans\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- getting student finance for higher education\n\n- on an apprenticeship training scheme\n\n- on a Community Learning course\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nContact your college or training provider to appeal a decision from the Loan Bursary Fund.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My niece is a UK citizen and doing apprenticeship masters in Engineering in Bath university. She would like to apply for a bursary fund to cater for her course work.", + "original_question": "Can she apply for a bursary fund?" + }, + { + "id": "train-567", + "question": "Scenario: have been driving a Passenger-carrying vehicles for the last two years. I accidentally went 30 minutes over my driving hours yesterday and the DVLA found out\n\nQuestion: Will I be prosecuted for minor offences?\n\nDocument - Drivers' hours:\n## Overview\n\nIf you drive a goods vehicle or a passenger-carrying vehicle you must follow the rules on how many hours you can drive and the breaks that you need to take.\n\nThere are 3 sets of rules that could apply to your journey:\n\n- EU rules\n\n- AETR rules\n\n- GB domestic rules\n\nThe rules that apply depend on:\n\n- the type of vehicle you\u2019re driving\n\n- which country you\u2019re driving in\n\nIf you drive under the EU or GB domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules, you also need to follow the working time rules.\n\nIf you\u2019re an employer of drivers or mobile workers there are more rules you must follow.\n\nThere are different drivers\u2019 hours rules in Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you do not follow the rules\n\nIf you break the drivers\u2019 hours rules, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) can give you:\n\n- a verbal warning, for minor offences made by accident or because of inexperience\n\n- an offence rectification notice, for offences which are not a risk to road safety - you\u2019ll have 21 days to fix the issue\n\n- a prohibition notice, for serious or dangerous offences - you must stop a dangerous activity or start following the regulations\n\n- a fine or points on your licence (a \u2018fixed penalty\u2019) \u2013 the amount depends on how serious the offence is\n\nYou can be prosecuted for very serious or multiple offences.\n\nDVSA can give you further penalties (such as an improvement or prohibition notice) if you also break the working time rules.\n\nYou can ask for an emergency exemption from the rules. Read the guidance on emergency exemption and temporary relaxation of drivers\u2019 hours and working time rules.\n\n## Drivers\u2019 hours checklists\n\nYou can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 checklists, which cover the basic rules:\n\n- Staying legal - the basics (HGV drivers)\n\n- Staying legal - the basics (PSV drivers)\n\n## Rules for employers\n\nIf you employ drivers or other mobile workers, you must:\n\n- keep drivers\u2019 hours records for at least one year\n\n- make sure they are properly trained and understand the rules\n\n- organise their time so that they can follow the rules\n\n- check your drivers\u2019 hours records and data\n\n- monitor your workers\u2019 working time\n\nMobile workers are:\n\n- drivers - including employed drivers, own-account drivers and agency drivers\n\n- members of the vehicle crew, for example a second driver on a coach\n\n- anyone else who is part of the travelling staff, for example a bus conductor, a drayman or a security guard aboard a vehicle carrying high-value goods\n\n## Goods vehicles\n\nThe rules that apply to goods vehicles depend on the weight of your vehicle, the country you\u2019re driving in and what you\u2019re using the vehicle for.\n\n## EU rules\n\nEU rules apply if the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is more than 3.5 tonnes and you\u2019re driving in any of the following:\n\n- the EU (including the UK)\n\n- an European Economic Area (EEA) country\n\n- Switzerland\n\nSome vehicles are exempt from EU rules when driven in the UK.\n\n## AETR rules\n\nAETR (European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews Engaged in International Road Transport) rules apply if your vehicle will pass through an AETR country.\n\n## GB domestic rules\n\nGB domestic rules apply if both the following are true:\n\n- the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is under 3.5 tonnes\n\n- your vehicle is exempt from EU rules when driven in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ll be driving through a country outside of the UK, EU, EEA or Switzerland, you should contact the UK embassy of the country to check on local rules.\n\n## More information\n\nRead Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.\n\nRead the rules for drivers\u2019 hours in the recovery vehicle industry.\n\nYou can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 leaflet, which includes checklists covering the basic rules.\n\nThere are specific rules for tachographs and horse boxes or trailers.\n\n## Passenger-carrying vehicles\n\nIf you\u2019re driving a vehicle that carries passengers the rules that apply to you depend on:\n\n- the number of passenger seats\n\n- how far you\u2019re driving (the distance of your route)\n\n- if you\u2019re driving to or from another country\n\n- if you\u2019re driving on a regular or a non-regular service\n\nA regular service follows a specified route, with stopping points for passengers to get on or off.\n\n## Public service vehicles (PSV)\n\nA public service vehicle is a vehicle that\u2019s used to carry passengers for hire or payment.\n\n| Type of operation | 8 or fewer passenger seats | 9 to 12 passenger seats | 13 to 16 passenger seats | 17 or more passenger seats |\n\n| Regular service on route not exceeding 50km | GB domestic rules | GB domestic rules | GB Domestic rules | GB Domestic rules |\n\n| National or international regular service on route exceeding 50km | The local rules of the countries you drive in (GB domestic rules in the UK) | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules |\n\n| National or international non-regular service for example commercial excursions, tours or private hire | The local rules of the countries you drive in (GB domestic rules in the UK) | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules |\n\n## Other passenger-carrying vehicles\n\nYou do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules if you drive a police, fire service or armed forces vehicle.\n\nIf you drive for a different public authority or for a business, and your vehicle is a non-PSV with:\n\n- up to 8 passenger seats - you do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules\n\n- 9 or more passenger seats - you must follow the EU rules (unless your vehicle is exempt from EU law)\n\n## If you drive a \u2018non-commercial\u2019 vehicle\n\nYou drive a non-commercial vehicle if:\n\n- passengers are not charged to use the vehicle\n\n- you and any other workers are not paid to operate or work in the vehicle\n\n- the vehicle is not used professionally or commercially\n\nIf your vehicle has up to 8 passenger seats, you do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules.\n\nIf your vehicle has 9 or more passenger seats, you usually need to follow the EU rules. You need to follow GB rules instead if your vehicle has between 10 and 17 passenger seats and is only used for non-commercial journeys.\n\n## If you use your vehicle outside the UK\n\nIf you drive between the UK and another country and your vehicle has:\n\n- up to 8 passenger seats - you must follow the local rules for the country you\u2019re driving in\n\n- 9 or more passenger seats - you must follow the EU or the European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport (AETR) rules\n\n## More information\n\nRead Passenger vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.\n\nYou can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 leaflet, which includes checklists covering the basic rules.\n\n## Exemptions from EU law\n\nSome types of vehicle are exempt from EU rules. This means they come under GB domestic rules in the UK.\n\nThe main types of exempt vehicle are:\n\n- vehicles that cannot go faster than 40 kilometres per hour, including vehicles that are restricted by a set speed limiter\n\n- emergency aid vehicles - vehicles used in the non-commercial transport of humanitarian aid for use in emergencies or rescue operations\n\n- breakdown vehicles - specialised breakdown vehicles working within a 100km of their base\n\n- vehicles undergoing road tests for technical development, repair or maintenance purposes, and new or rebuilt vehicles which have not yet been put into service\n\n- vehicles manufactured more than 25 years ago\n\n- vehicles used by agricultural, horticultural, forestry, farming or fishery businesses for carrying goods within 100km of where the business is based\n\n- vehicles that are used to carry live animals between a farm and a market, or from a market to a slaughterhouse where the distance is less than 100km\n\n- vehicles that are used to carry animal waste or carcasses that are not intended for human consumption\n\n- educational vehicles, for example play buses and mobile libraries\n\n- vehicles or combinations of vehicles with a maximum permissible weight of 7.5 tonnes or less that are used for carrying work equipment for the driver where the distance is less than 100km\n\n- vehicles driven only on islands whose area does not exceed 2,300 square kilometres\n\n- vehicles with a maximum weight of 7.5 tonnes which use natural or liquefied gas or electricity as fuel and carry goods within 50km from their base\n\n- driving instruction or exams - vehicles used for driving instruction and examination. Includes instruction for renewal of Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC)\n\n- circus vehicles - specialised vehicles transporting circus and funfair equipment\n\n- milk collection - vehicles used for collecting milk from farms or returning milk containers or milk products for animal feed to farms\n\n- any vehicle that is propelled by steam\n\nRead the full list of exempt vehicles.\n\n## EU rules\n\n## Driving hours\n\nThe main EU rules on driving hours are that you must not drive more than:\n\n- 9 hours in a day - this can be extended to 10 hours twice a week\n\n- 56 hours in a week\n\n- 90 hours in any 2 consecutive weeks\n\nAll driving you do under EU rules must be recorded on a tachograph.\n\n## Breaks and rest\n\nThe main points of EU rules on breaks and rest are that you must take:\n\n- at least 11 hours rest every day - you can reduce this to 9 hours rest 3 times between any 2 weekly rest periods\n\n- an unbroken rest period of 45 hours every week - you can reduce this to 24 hours every other week\n\n- a break or breaks totalling at least 45 minutes after no more than 4 hours 30 minutes driving\n\n- your weekly rest after 6 consecutive 24-hour periods of working, starting from the end of the last weekly rest period taken\n\nCoach drivers on an international trip can take their weekly rest after 12 consecutive 24-hour periods, starting from the end of the last weekly rest period taken.\n\nFor more details on rests and breaks read:\n\n- Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs\n\n- Passenger vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs\n\n## AETR rules\n\nThe European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport (AETR) rules are now the same as the EU rules on drivers\u2019 hours.\n\nThe AETR rules cover all EU countries and:\n\n- Albania\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Armenia\n\n- Azerbaijan\n\n- Belarus\n\n- Bosnia and Herzegovina\n\n- Georgia\n\n- Kazakhstan\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Monaco\n\n- Montenegro\n\n- Moldova\n\n- North Macedonia\n\n- Norway\n\n- Russia\n\n- San Marino\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Turkey\n\n- Turkmenistan\n\n- Ukraine\n\n- United Kingdom\n\n- Uzbekistan\n\n## GB domestic rules\n\nThe GB domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules apply to most passenger-carrying vehicles and goods vehicles that do not have to follow the EU rules.\n\nGB domestic rules apply in Great Britain - there are separate rules in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Goods vehicles\n\n## Duty time\n\nIf you work as a driver for a company, duty time is any working time. If you\u2019re self-employed, duty time is only time you spend driving the vehicle or doing other work related to the vehicle or its load.\n\n## Daily driving limit\n\nYou must not drive for more than 10 hours in a day:\n\n- on a public road\n\n- off-road if not during duty time\n\nOff-road driving counts as duty time if it\u2019s for:\n\n- agriculture\n\n- quarrying\n\n- forestry\n\n- building work\n\n- civil engineering\n\n## Daily duty limit\n\nYou must not be on duty for more than 11 hours in any working day. This limit does not apply on any working day when you do not drive.\n\nYou must record your hours on a weekly record sheet or on a tachograph.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need to follow the GB domestic rules if you:\n\n- are dealing with an emergency - for example, a major disruption to public services or danger to life\n\n- are using the vehicle for private driving and not for work\n\n- drive off-road or on private roads during duty time\n\n- drive a vehicle used by the armed forces, police or fire brigade\n\n## Passenger-carrying vehicles\n\n## Duty time\n\nIf you work as a driver for a company, duty time is any working time. If you\u2019re self-employed, duty time is only time you spend driving the vehicle or doing other work related to the vehicle or its load.\n\n## Daily driving limit\n\nYou must not drive for more than 10 hours in any working day.\n\n## Breaks and continuous driving\n\nAfter 5 hours 30 minutes of driving you must take a break of at least 30 minutes for rest and refreshment.\n\nOr, within any period of 8 hours 30 minutes, you must take at least 45 minutes in breaks. You must also have a break of at least 30 minutes at the end of this period, unless it\u2019s the end of the working day.\n\n## Length of working day (\u2018spreadover\u2019)\n\nYou must not work more than 16 hours between the times of starting and finishing work - including non-driving work and any times when you\u2019re off.\n\n## Daily rest periods\n\nYou must take a rest of 10 hours before the first duty and immediately after the last duty in a working week.\n\nYou must take a rest of at least 10 hours between 2 working days (or spreadovers) - this can be reduced to 8.5 hours up to 3 times a week.\n\n## Fortnightly rest periods\n\nEvery 2 weeks you must take at least one period of 24 hours off duty.\n\nA fixed week is from 00:00 hours on Monday to 24:00 hours the next Sunday.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need to follow the GB domestic rules if you:\n\n- are dealing with an emergency - for example, a major disruption to public services or danger to life\n\n- drive for less than 4 hours a day in a week\n\nIf you drive for more than 4 hours for up to 2 days a week, you do not need to follow all of the rules. You need to:\n\n- follow the rules for daily driving limits and length of working day\n\n- start and finish all of your duties within a 24-hour period\n\n- take a rest of 10 hours before the first duty and immediately after the last duty\n\nIf you work overnight and the rules applied on the day your shift began, you must follow the rules for your entire shift - even if your shift finishes during a week in which you\u2019re exempt from the rules.\n\n## Driving under both EU and GB domestic rules\n\nIf you work partly under EU/AETR rules and partly under GB domestic rules during a day or a week you need to know the following:\n\n- driving under EU rules counts towards the driving and duty limits under GB domestic rules\n\n- on any days you drive under EU rules you must take EU daily rest periods, as well as a weekly rest period\n\n- you cannot count the time you spend driving under EU rules as an off-duty period under GB domestic rules\n\n- driving and other duty under GB domestic rules count as \u2018attendance at work\u2019, not as a break or rest period under EU rules\n\n## Driving limits\n\nYou must follow the GB domestic limit of a maximum of 10 hours driving a day. But at any time when you\u2019re actually driving under the EU rules you must follow all the rules on EU driving limits.\n\n## Other duty limits\n\nYou must follow the GB domestic limit of a maximum of:\n\n- 11 hours on duty if you drive a goods vehicle\n\n- 16 hours on duty if you drive a passenger-carrying vehicle\n\n## Rest periods and breaks\n\nYou must follow the EU rules on rest periods and breaks on days and weeks when you drive under EU rules.\n\nA fixed week is from 00:00 hours on Monday to 24:00 hours the next Sunday.\n\nRead Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.\n\nRead the rules for drivers\u2019 hours in the recovery vehicle industry.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drivers-hours", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "have been driving a Passenger-carrying vehicles for the last two years. I accidentally went 30 minutes over my driving hours yesterday and the DVLA found out", + "original_question": "Will I be prosecuted for minor offences?" + }, + { + "id": "train-569", + "question": "Scenario: I'm 18 and got my UK driving licence 6 months ago. I would like to holiday in France, where I will be driving from the euro tunnel, down to the south of France.\n\nQuestion: Do I need an IDP?\n\nDocument - Driving abroad:\n## Driving abroad on holiday\n\nYou need to take your Great Britain or Northern Ireland driving licence with you to drive abroad. Check yours is still valid and renew your driving licence online if it\u2019s expired or about to expire. You\u2019ll need to apply to renew your licence at least a week before you travel.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking your own vehicle, you also need to take your log book (V5C) and your insurance certificate.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking a vehicle abroad that you\u2019ve hired or leased in the UK, you\u2019ll need a VE103 certificate.\n\n## Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou might need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. Check if you need an IDP.\n\nYou can get IDPs over the counter at the Post Office. You might need one for each country you\u2019re visiting.\n\nDo not apply for an IDP if you\u2019re moving abroad. You\u2019ll need to either exchange your UK licence or apply for a new one in the country you\u2019re moving to.\n\n## Check the overseas driving rules\n\nMake sure you follow overseas driving rules, including local speed limits and drink driving laws. You may be breaking the law and get a fine if you do not.\n\nDepending on the country you\u2019re visiting you may need:\n\n- extra equipment - for example, you need a reflective jacket and a warning triangle in many countries\n\n- emission stickers (permits) in some European cities - you may need to buy these weeks before you go abroad\n\n- headlight converter stickers\n\n- a GB sticker\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, it\u2019s your responsibility to check you have the equipment you need.\n\nCheck what you need to do if you\u2019re driving in the EU.\n\nCheck the travel advice for all countries.\n\n## Check your insurance if you\u2019re taking your own vehicle\n\nYour UK vehicle insurance gives you a minimum of third party cover to drive your vehicle in EU countries. Check with your insurer if your policy covers extra things like theft or damage.\n\nYou need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 for your vehicle if you\u2019re driving in:\n\n- the EU (including Ireland)\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Iceland\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Norway\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Switzerland\n\nIn other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card to show you\u2019re covered. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re driving in.\n\n## Towing your trailer or caravan abroad\n\nCheck if you need to register your trailer before you can take it abroad.\n\nWhen driving in the EU (including Ireland), Andorra, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Serbia and Switzerland, you need to carry a separate green card for both:\n\n- the vehicle you\u2019re driving\n\n- the trailer or caravan you\u2019re towing\n\nIn other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card for each trailer or caravan you tow. Check what you need to bring with your insurer before you travel.\n\n## Hiring a car abroad\n\nYour hire company may ask to see your driving licence information when you pick up the car. You can share this by getting a licence \u2018check code\u2019. You can do this up to 21 days before your trip.\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, insurance is included. Check what you\u2019re covered for with the hire company.\n\n## Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou may need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. The permit you may need depends on:\n\n- which country you\u2019re visiting\n\n- how long you\u2019re staying\n\nYou need to have a valid Great Britain (GB) or Northern Ireland driving licence to get an IDP.\n\n## Driving in Europe\n\nYou do not need an IDP to drive in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein if you have a photocard driving licence issued in the UK.\n\nYou might need an IDP to drive in some EU countries and Norway if you have either:\n\n- a paper driving licence\n\n- a licence issued in Gibraltar, Guernsey, Jersey or the Isle of Man\n\nCheck with the embassy of the country you will be driving in.\n\n## Check which IDP you need\n\nCheck the table to find out if you need an IDP. There are 3 types of IDP:\n\n- 1926\n\n- 1949\n\n- 1968\n\nThe IDP you need depends on what country you\u2019re visiting.\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling through more than one country, you might need more than one type of IDP.\n\nIf the country you\u2019re visiting is not included in the table, check with the embassy of the country you\u2019re travelling to.\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, check with your car hire company.\n\nIf you already have an IDP, make sure it\u2019s still valid in the country you\u2019re visiting.\n\n| Country or territory | Type of IDP | More information |\n\n| Albania | 1968 | |\n\n| Algeria | 1949 | |\n\n| Andorra | 1949 | |\n\n| Argentina | 1949 | |\n\n| Armenia | 1968 | |\n\n| Australia | 1949 | |\n\n| Austria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Azerbaijan | 1968 | |\n\n| Bahamas | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Bahrain | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days. You must get your permit certified by local authorities when you arrive. |\n\n| Bangladesh | 1949 | |\n\n| Barbados | 1949 | |\n\n| Belarus | 1968 | |\n\n| Belgium | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Belgian Embassy. |\n\n| Benin | 1949 | |\n\n| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1968 | |\n\n| Botswana | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire. |\n\n| Brazil | 1968 | You need to get a certified translation of your IDP from the British consulate. |\n\n| Bulgaria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Burkina Faso | 1949 | |\n\n| Cambodia | 1949 | |\n\n| Canada | 1949 | |\n\n| Cape Verde | 1968 | |\n\n| Central African Republic | 1968 | |\n\n| Chile | 1949 | |\n\n| Congo | 1949 | |\n\n| Cote d\u2019Ivoire (Ivory Coast) | 1968 | |\n\n| Croatia | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Croatian Embassy. |\n\n| Cuba | 1968 | |\n\n| Cyprus | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for visits up to 30 days. For visits longer than 30 days you will need a 1949 IDP. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP for any length of visit. Check with the High Commission of Cyprus. |\n\n| Czech Republic | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Czech Republic Embassy. |\n\n| Democratic Republic of Congo | 1968 | |\n\n| Denmark | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. |\n\n| Dominican Republic | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Ecuador | 1949 | |\n\n| Egypt | 1949 | |\n\n| Estonia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for up to 90 days in any 180-day period. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Estonian Embassy. |\n\n| Eswatini (previously Swaziland) | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Fiji | 1949 | |\n\n| Finland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| France | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the French Embassy. |\n\n| French Polynesia | 1968 | |\n\n| Georgia | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Germany | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the German Embassy. |\n\n| Ghana | 1949 | |\n\n| Greece | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Guam | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Guatemala | 1949 | |\n\n| Guyana | 1968 | |\n\n| Haiti | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Hungary | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Hungarian Embassy. |\n\n| Iceland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 30 days. |\n\n| India | 1949 | |\n\n| Iran | 1968 | |\n\n| Iraq | 1968 | |\n\n| Ireland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. |\n\n| Israel | 1968 | |\n\n| Italy | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Italian Embassy. |\n\n| Jamaica | 1949 | |\n\n| Japan | 1949 | |\n\n| Jordan | 1949 | |\n\n| Kazakhstan | 1968 | |\n\n| Kenya | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Kuwait | 1968 | |\n\n| Kyrgyzstan | 1968 | |\n\n| Laos | 1949 | |\n\n| Latvia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Lebanon | 1949 | |\n\n| Lesotho | 1949 | |\n\n| Liberia | 1968 | |\n\n| Libya | 1949 | |\n\n| Liechtenstein | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Lithuania | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Luxembourg | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Macao (Macau) | 1949 | |\n\n| Madagascar | 1949 | |\n\n| Malawi | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Malaysia (Sabah) | 1949 | |\n\n| Mali | 1949 | |\n\n| Malta | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP. Check with the Malta High Commission. |\n\n| Mexico | 1926 | |\n\n| Moldova | 1968 | |\n\n| Monaco | 1968 | |\n\n| Mongolia | 1968 | |\n\n| Montenegro | 1968 | |\n\n| Morocco | 1968 | |\n\n| Myanmar (previously Burma) | 1968 | |\n\n| Namibia | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Netherlands | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| New Zealand | 1949 | |\n\n| Niger | 1968 | |\n\n| Nigeria | 1968 | |\n\n| North Macedonia | 1968 | |\n\n| Norway | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Norwegian Embassy. |\n\n| Pakistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Papua New Guinea | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Paraguay | 1949 | |\n\n| Peru | 1968 | |\n\n| Philippines | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Poland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Portugal | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Qatar | 1968 | |\n\n| Romania | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Romanian Embassy. |\n\n| Russian Federation | 1968 | |\n\n| Rwanda | 1949 | |\n\n| San Marino | 1968 | |\n\n| Saudi Arabia | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire. |\n\n| Senegal | 1968 | |\n\n| Serbia | 1968 | |\n\n| Seychelles | 1968 | |\n\n| Sierra Leone | 1949 | |\n\n| Singapore | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Slovakia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. For visits longer than 6 months you\u2019ll need a 1968 IDP. |\n\n| Slovenia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. |\n\n| Somalia | 1926 | |\n\n| South Africa | 1968 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| South Korea | 1949 | |\n\n| Spain (including Balearic and Canary Isles) | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Sri Lanka | 1949 | As well as the IDP, you must get a Sri Lankan recognition permit from the Automobile Association of Ceylon (AAC) in Colombo. |\n\n| St. Lucia | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence. |\n\n| St. Vincent | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence. |\n\n| Sweden | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. |\n\n| Switzerland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Syria | 1949 | |\n\n| Tajikistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Taiwan | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Thailand | 1949 | |\n\n| Togo | 1949 | |\n\n| Trinidad & Tobago | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Tunisia | 1968 | |\n\n| Turkey | 1968 | |\n\n| Turkmenistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Uganda | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Ukraine | 1968 | |\n\n| United Arab Emirates | 1968 | |\n\n| United States | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Uruguay | 1968 | |\n\n| Uzbekistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Vatican City | 1949 | |\n\n| Venezuela | 1949 | |\n\n| Vietnam | 1968 | |\n\n| Zimbabwe | 1968 | |\n\n## Get an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou can get an IDP over the counter at the Post Office.\n\nThey cost \u00a35.50 and you must:\n\n- live in Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- have a full UK driving licence\n\n- be 18 or over\n\nCheck if you need an IDP first.\n\nA 1926 or 1949 permit lasts for 12 months. A 1968 permit lasts for 3 years or until your UK driving licence expires, whichever comes first.\n\n## Driving if you move abroad\n\nYou need to get a local driving licence if you move abroad. Check with the driving licence authorities there to find out how to apply.\n\nIn some countries you can exchange your UK licence without taking another driving test.\n\nIf you move to an EU country, check the rules for exchanging your licence in the EU.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I'm 18 and got my UK driving licence 6 months ago. I would like to holiday in France, where I will be driving from the euro tunnel, down to the south of France.", + "original_question": "Do I need an IDP?" + }, + { + "id": "train-570", + "question": "Scenario: I am 78 years old and a UK expat living in the Netherlands for the past 10 years. My UK drivers licence has expired.\n\nQuestion: Can I use an IDP to drive in the UK on holiday as I have not lived in the UK for the last 10 years? My UK licence has expired\n\nDocument - Driving abroad:\n## Driving abroad on holiday\n\nYou need to take your Great Britain or Northern Ireland driving licence with you to drive abroad. Check yours is still valid and renew your driving licence online if it\u2019s expired or about to expire. You\u2019ll need to apply to renew your licence at least a week before you travel.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking your own vehicle, you also need to take your log book (V5C) and your insurance certificate.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking a vehicle abroad that you\u2019ve hired or leased in the UK, you\u2019ll need a VE103 certificate.\n\n## Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou might need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. Check if you need an IDP.\n\nYou can get IDPs over the counter at the Post Office. You might need one for each country you\u2019re visiting.\n\nDo not apply for an IDP if you\u2019re moving abroad. You\u2019ll need to either exchange your UK licence or apply for a new one in the country you\u2019re moving to.\n\n## Check the overseas driving rules\n\nMake sure you follow overseas driving rules, including local speed limits and drink driving laws. You may be breaking the law and get a fine if you do not.\n\nDepending on the country you\u2019re visiting you may need:\n\n- extra equipment - for example, you need a reflective jacket and a warning triangle in many countries\n\n- emission stickers (permits) in some European cities - you may need to buy these weeks before you go abroad\n\n- headlight converter stickers\n\n- a GB sticker\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, it\u2019s your responsibility to check you have the equipment you need.\n\nCheck what you need to do if you\u2019re driving in the EU.\n\nCheck the travel advice for all countries.\n\n## Check your insurance if you\u2019re taking your own vehicle\n\nYour UK vehicle insurance gives you a minimum of third party cover to drive your vehicle in EU countries. Check with your insurer if your policy covers extra things like theft or damage.\n\nYou need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 for your vehicle if you\u2019re driving in:\n\n- the EU (including Ireland)\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Iceland\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Norway\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Switzerland\n\nIn other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card to show you\u2019re covered. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re driving in.\n\n## Towing your trailer or caravan abroad\n\nCheck if you need to register your trailer before you can take it abroad.\n\nWhen driving in the EU (including Ireland), Andorra, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Serbia and Switzerland, you need to carry a separate green card for both:\n\n- the vehicle you\u2019re driving\n\n- the trailer or caravan you\u2019re towing\n\nIn other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card for each trailer or caravan you tow. Check what you need to bring with your insurer before you travel.\n\n## Hiring a car abroad\n\nYour hire company may ask to see your driving licence information when you pick up the car. You can share this by getting a licence \u2018check code\u2019. You can do this up to 21 days before your trip.\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, insurance is included. Check what you\u2019re covered for with the hire company.\n\n## Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou may need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. The permit you may need depends on:\n\n- which country you\u2019re visiting\n\n- how long you\u2019re staying\n\nYou need to have a valid Great Britain (GB) or Northern Ireland driving licence to get an IDP.\n\n## Driving in Europe\n\nYou do not need an IDP to drive in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein if you have a photocard driving licence issued in the UK.\n\nYou might need an IDP to drive in some EU countries and Norway if you have either:\n\n- a paper driving licence\n\n- a licence issued in Gibraltar, Guernsey, Jersey or the Isle of Man\n\nCheck with the embassy of the country you will be driving in.\n\n## Check which IDP you need\n\nCheck the table to find out if you need an IDP. There are 3 types of IDP:\n\n- 1926\n\n- 1949\n\n- 1968\n\nThe IDP you need depends on what country you\u2019re visiting.\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling through more than one country, you might need more than one type of IDP.\n\nIf the country you\u2019re visiting is not included in the table, check with the embassy of the country you\u2019re travelling to.\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, check with your car hire company.\n\nIf you already have an IDP, make sure it\u2019s still valid in the country you\u2019re visiting.\n\n| Country or territory | Type of IDP | More information |\n\n| Albania | 1968 | |\n\n| Algeria | 1949 | |\n\n| Andorra | 1949 | |\n\n| Argentina | 1949 | |\n\n| Armenia | 1968 | |\n\n| Australia | 1949 | |\n\n| Austria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Azerbaijan | 1968 | |\n\n| Bahamas | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Bahrain | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days. You must get your permit certified by local authorities when you arrive. |\n\n| Bangladesh | 1949 | |\n\n| Barbados | 1949 | |\n\n| Belarus | 1968 | |\n\n| Belgium | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Belgian Embassy. |\n\n| Benin | 1949 | |\n\n| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1968 | |\n\n| Botswana | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire. |\n\n| Brazil | 1968 | You need to get a certified translation of your IDP from the British consulate. |\n\n| Bulgaria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Burkina Faso | 1949 | |\n\n| Cambodia | 1949 | |\n\n| Canada | 1949 | |\n\n| Cape Verde | 1968 | |\n\n| Central African Republic | 1968 | |\n\n| Chile | 1949 | |\n\n| Congo | 1949 | |\n\n| Cote d\u2019Ivoire (Ivory Coast) | 1968 | |\n\n| Croatia | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Croatian Embassy. |\n\n| Cuba | 1968 | |\n\n| Cyprus | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for visits up to 30 days. For visits longer than 30 days you will need a 1949 IDP. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP for any length of visit. Check with the High Commission of Cyprus. |\n\n| Czech Republic | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Czech Republic Embassy. |\n\n| Democratic Republic of Congo | 1968 | |\n\n| Denmark | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. |\n\n| Dominican Republic | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Ecuador | 1949 | |\n\n| Egypt | 1949 | |\n\n| Estonia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for up to 90 days in any 180-day period. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Estonian Embassy. |\n\n| Eswatini (previously Swaziland) | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Fiji | 1949 | |\n\n| Finland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| France | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the French Embassy. |\n\n| French Polynesia | 1968 | |\n\n| Georgia | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Germany | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the German Embassy. |\n\n| Ghana | 1949 | |\n\n| Greece | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Guam | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Guatemala | 1949 | |\n\n| Guyana | 1968 | |\n\n| Haiti | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Hungary | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Hungarian Embassy. |\n\n| Iceland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 30 days. |\n\n| India | 1949 | |\n\n| Iran | 1968 | |\n\n| Iraq | 1968 | |\n\n| Ireland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. |\n\n| Israel | 1968 | |\n\n| Italy | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Italian Embassy. |\n\n| Jamaica | 1949 | |\n\n| Japan | 1949 | |\n\n| Jordan | 1949 | |\n\n| Kazakhstan | 1968 | |\n\n| Kenya | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Kuwait | 1968 | |\n\n| Kyrgyzstan | 1968 | |\n\n| Laos | 1949 | |\n\n| Latvia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Lebanon | 1949 | |\n\n| Lesotho | 1949 | |\n\n| Liberia | 1968 | |\n\n| Libya | 1949 | |\n\n| Liechtenstein | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Lithuania | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Luxembourg | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Macao (Macau) | 1949 | |\n\n| Madagascar | 1949 | |\n\n| Malawi | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Malaysia (Sabah) | 1949 | |\n\n| Mali | 1949 | |\n\n| Malta | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP. Check with the Malta High Commission. |\n\n| Mexico | 1926 | |\n\n| Moldova | 1968 | |\n\n| Monaco | 1968 | |\n\n| Mongolia | 1968 | |\n\n| Montenegro | 1968 | |\n\n| Morocco | 1968 | |\n\n| Myanmar (previously Burma) | 1968 | |\n\n| Namibia | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Netherlands | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| New Zealand | 1949 | |\n\n| Niger | 1968 | |\n\n| Nigeria | 1968 | |\n\n| North Macedonia | 1968 | |\n\n| Norway | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Norwegian Embassy. |\n\n| Pakistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Papua New Guinea | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Paraguay | 1949 | |\n\n| Peru | 1968 | |\n\n| Philippines | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Poland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Portugal | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Qatar | 1968 | |\n\n| Romania | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Romanian Embassy. |\n\n| Russian Federation | 1968 | |\n\n| Rwanda | 1949 | |\n\n| San Marino | 1968 | |\n\n| Saudi Arabia | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire. |\n\n| Senegal | 1968 | |\n\n| Serbia | 1968 | |\n\n| Seychelles | 1968 | |\n\n| Sierra Leone | 1949 | |\n\n| Singapore | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Slovakia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. For visits longer than 6 months you\u2019ll need a 1968 IDP. |\n\n| Slovenia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. |\n\n| Somalia | 1926 | |\n\n| South Africa | 1968 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| South Korea | 1949 | |\n\n| Spain (including Balearic and Canary Isles) | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Sri Lanka | 1949 | As well as the IDP, you must get a Sri Lankan recognition permit from the Automobile Association of Ceylon (AAC) in Colombo. |\n\n| St. Lucia | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence. |\n\n| St. Vincent | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence. |\n\n| Sweden | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. |\n\n| Switzerland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Syria | 1949 | |\n\n| Tajikistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Taiwan | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Thailand | 1949 | |\n\n| Togo | 1949 | |\n\n| Trinidad & Tobago | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Tunisia | 1968 | |\n\n| Turkey | 1968 | |\n\n| Turkmenistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Uganda | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Ukraine | 1968 | |\n\n| United Arab Emirates | 1968 | |\n\n| United States | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Uruguay | 1968 | |\n\n| Uzbekistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Vatican City | 1949 | |\n\n| Venezuela | 1949 | |\n\n| Vietnam | 1968 | |\n\n| Zimbabwe | 1968 | |\n\n## Get an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou can get an IDP over the counter at the Post Office.\n\nThey cost \u00a35.50 and you must:\n\n- live in Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- have a full UK driving licence\n\n- be 18 or over\n\nCheck if you need an IDP first.\n\nA 1926 or 1949 permit lasts for 12 months. A 1968 permit lasts for 3 years or until your UK driving licence expires, whichever comes first.\n\n## Driving if you move abroad\n\nYou need to get a local driving licence if you move abroad. Check with the driving licence authorities there to find out how to apply.\n\nIn some countries you can exchange your UK licence without taking another driving test.\n\nIf you move to an EU country, check the rules for exchanging your licence in the EU.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 78 years old and a UK expat living in the Netherlands for the past 10 years. My UK drivers licence has expired.", + "original_question": "Can I use an IDP to drive in the UK on holiday as I have not lived in the UK for the last 10 years? My UK licence has expired" + }, + { + "id": "train-571", + "question": "Scenario: I am planning to set-up a motorcycle approved training body. I was recently convicted of a motor offence and disqualified for 3 months of driving\n\nQuestion: Will I qualify for setting up a motorcycle ATB ?\n\nDocument - Set up and run a motorcycle approved training body (ATB):\n## Overview\n\nYou must be an approved training body (ATB) with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to provide:\n\n- compulsory basic training (CBT) for learner motorcyclists\n\n- direct access scheme (DAS) training to riders learning to ride a large motorcycle\n\nCBT and DAS training must be given by instructors certified by DVSA working for your approved training body.\n\nThe sites you use to provide training from must also be approved by DVSA.\n\nThe process is different Northern Ireland.\n\n## Rules for being an ATB\n\nYou must meet certain rules to be an approved training body (ATB).\n\n## \u2018Fit and proper\u2019\n\nYou must be a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person to run the ATB.\n\nWhen deciding if you\u2019re a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person, DVSA will look at if you have:\n\n- had any convictions in the last 4 years\n\n- any motoring convictions\n\n- been disqualified from driving\n\n- any penalty points on your licence\n\n- any court proceedings pending against you\n\n## Training\n\nYou must provide compulsory basic training (CBT) as an ATB. Any CBT and direct access scheme (DAS) courses you provide must meet the legal requirements.\n\nThe CBT syllabus and guidance notes gives full details on what must be provided.\n\nAn instructor is only allowed to supervise up to 2 trainees during on-road tuition.\n\nYour instructors must be in radio contact with all trainees at all times during on-road tuition.\n\n## Training sites\n\nYou must have the use of a suitable site or sites for training in the off-road parts of the CBT course.\n\nThese sites must be authorised by DVSA before they\u2019re used.\n\n## Instructors\n\nYou must make sure that all your instructors have a valid instructor certificate for the type of training they give. This must show the name of your ATB.\n\nAt least 1 of your instructors must have successfully completed DVSA\u2019s assessment course for motorcycle training.\n\nDVSA-assessed instructors are allowed to train other people that you want to appoint as instructors - this is known as \u2018down-training\u2019.\n\nYou should have at least 1 DVSA-assessed instructor for every 10 instructors that have been down-trained.\n\n## Monitoring\n\nYou should send all required information about the courses you provide to DVSA including:\n\n- reporting any incidents\n\n- dates when you\u2019re providing CBT courses\n\n- the CBT certificates of completion you issue\n\nThe ATB manual gives more details about what you have to send.\n\n## Apply to become an ATB\n\nTo apply to register an approved training body (ATB), download these 3 application forms, and send them to DVSA:\n\n- \u2018Application to provide compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\u2019\n\n- \u2018Compulsory basic training (CBT) site application form\u2019\n\n- \u2018Application to be authorised as a certified motorcycle instructor\u2019\n\nIt takes up to 8 weeks to process an application. This includes the time to inspect the site to be used for the off-road elements of compulsory basic training.\n\n## Apply for CBT site authorisation\n\nAll the sites you intend to use for the practical training and riding elements of the compulsory basic training (CBT) course must be authorised by DVSA.\n\nYou can\u2019t use a site until you\u2019ve got authorisation from DVSA.\n\nDownload the compulsory basic training site application form to apply for authorisation.\n\nSend the completed form to DVSA. You\u2019ll also need to include a draft plan of the intended site, eg an annotated satellite image.\n\n## Site inspection\n\nDVSA will:\n\n- inspect the site\n\n- send a site report to you\n\n- send a unique site code to you if the site is suitable\n\nThe site report will explain any rules set by DVSA. This will include how many trainees are allowed on the site.\n\nYou should make sure all your instructors are aware of these details.\n\n## Changes to authorised sites\n\nYou must tell DVSA straight away if a site is altered or added to.\n\nDownload the compulsory basic training site application form and send it to DVSA.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to include:\n\n- a draft plan showing any changes to the original authorised site\n\n- a permission letter signed by the site owner\n\nThe site\u2019s authorisation can be removed if it has become unsuitable.\n\n## Stopping using a site\n\nYou must tell DVSA straight away if you stop using a site for CBT.\n\nYou can email DVSA - you\u2019ll need to include your approved training body number and the site\u2019s unique code.\n\n## Providing the CBT course\n\nThe compulsory basic training (CBT) course is made up of 5 parts.\n\nThe course syllabus and the order in which the parts must be delivered is set out in law.\n\n## CBT certificate of completion\n\nYou must give trainees a CBT certificate of completion (DL196) when they reach the required standard.\n\nThe certificate must be completed and signed by the instructor, usually the one who conducted part E of the CBT course.\n\nThe name and address of your approved training body (ATB) should be included on the certificate.\n\n## Ordering DL196 certificates\n\nYou can buy books of DL196 certificates online from DVSA.\n\nEach book contains 25 certificates and costs \u00a3200.\n\n## How your ATB is monitored\n\nDVSA monitors the standard of instruction given by:\n\n- approved training bodies (ATBs)\n\n- instructors delivering compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\n\nYou must make your instructors available for regular standards checks.\n\nYou should tell your local DVSA CBT manager the dates and times when your ATB will be running CBT courses.\n\n## After an assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter of confirmation and report from DVSA after an assessment visit if the training delivered meets the required standard.\n\nDVSA can conduct more assessments if:\n\n- the training falls short of the required standard\n\n- there are breaches of regulations\n\n- there are reports of failure to follow the conditions of appointment\n\nDVSA will consider withdrawing an instructor\u2019s authority to deliver courses if they fail to achieve the required standard during the subsequent assessments.\n\nDVSA can withdraw your ATB\u2019s authorisation to deliver training courses if assessments show that it doesn\u2019t consistently provide full and proper CBT courses.\n\n## Disagreeing with DVSA\u2019s decision\n\nYou can appeal to DVSA if you or an instructor disagrees with DVSA\u2019s decision to withdraw their authority.\n\n## Documents for ATBs\n\nDVSA produces the following documents for approved training bodies (ATBs).\n\n## ATB manual\n\nThe ATB manual gives more details about the rules and processes you should follow when you\u2019re running an ATB.\n\n## Safe and Responsible Riding\n\nThe \u2018National standard for riding mopeds and motorcycles\u2019 sets out the skills, knowledge and understanding that learners need to prove they\u2019re safe and responsible riders.\n\n## Compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus and guidance notes\n\nThe CBT syllabus and guidance notes sets out what trainers need to do and what learners need to understand when taking the course.\n\n## Direct access scheme (DAS) motorcycle training guidance\n\nThe DAS motorcycle training guidance sets out what trainers need to do and what learners need to understand when taking the course.\n\nChanges to the CBT syllabus and guidance notes\n\nYou can keep up to date with new versions if you sign up for DVSA email alerts.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-run-motorcycle-approved-training-body-atb", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am planning to set-up a motorcycle approved training body. I was recently convicted of a motor offence and disqualified for 3 months of driving", + "original_question": "Will I qualify for setting up a motorcycle ATB ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-572", + "question": "Scenario: I have a DVSA approved site for practical training and riding elements of the compulsory basic training (CBT) course. Recently we have shut down the site for some financial reasons.\n\nQuestion: Do we have to inform DVSA about the decision to stop using the CBT site ?\n\nDocument - Set up and run a motorcycle approved training body (ATB):\n## Overview\n\nYou must be an approved training body (ATB) with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to provide:\n\n- compulsory basic training (CBT) for learner motorcyclists\n\n- direct access scheme (DAS) training to riders learning to ride a large motorcycle\n\nCBT and DAS training must be given by instructors certified by DVSA working for your approved training body.\n\nThe sites you use to provide training from must also be approved by DVSA.\n\nThe process is different Northern Ireland.\n\n## Rules for being an ATB\n\nYou must meet certain rules to be an approved training body (ATB).\n\n## \u2018Fit and proper\u2019\n\nYou must be a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person to run the ATB.\n\nWhen deciding if you\u2019re a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person, DVSA will look at if you have:\n\n- had any convictions in the last 4 years\n\n- any motoring convictions\n\n- been disqualified from driving\n\n- any penalty points on your licence\n\n- any court proceedings pending against you\n\n## Training\n\nYou must provide compulsory basic training (CBT) as an ATB. Any CBT and direct access scheme (DAS) courses you provide must meet the legal requirements.\n\nThe CBT syllabus and guidance notes gives full details on what must be provided.\n\nAn instructor is only allowed to supervise up to 2 trainees during on-road tuition.\n\nYour instructors must be in radio contact with all trainees at all times during on-road tuition.\n\n## Training sites\n\nYou must have the use of a suitable site or sites for training in the off-road parts of the CBT course.\n\nThese sites must be authorised by DVSA before they\u2019re used.\n\n## Instructors\n\nYou must make sure that all your instructors have a valid instructor certificate for the type of training they give. This must show the name of your ATB.\n\nAt least 1 of your instructors must have successfully completed DVSA\u2019s assessment course for motorcycle training.\n\nDVSA-assessed instructors are allowed to train other people that you want to appoint as instructors - this is known as \u2018down-training\u2019.\n\nYou should have at least 1 DVSA-assessed instructor for every 10 instructors that have been down-trained.\n\n## Monitoring\n\nYou should send all required information about the courses you provide to DVSA including:\n\n- reporting any incidents\n\n- dates when you\u2019re providing CBT courses\n\n- the CBT certificates of completion you issue\n\nThe ATB manual gives more details about what you have to send.\n\n## Apply to become an ATB\n\nTo apply to register an approved training body (ATB), download these 3 application forms, and send them to DVSA:\n\n- \u2018Application to provide compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\u2019\n\n- \u2018Compulsory basic training (CBT) site application form\u2019\n\n- \u2018Application to be authorised as a certified motorcycle instructor\u2019\n\nIt takes up to 8 weeks to process an application. This includes the time to inspect the site to be used for the off-road elements of compulsory basic training.\n\n## Apply for CBT site authorisation\n\nAll the sites you intend to use for the practical training and riding elements of the compulsory basic training (CBT) course must be authorised by DVSA.\n\nYou can\u2019t use a site until you\u2019ve got authorisation from DVSA.\n\nDownload the compulsory basic training site application form to apply for authorisation.\n\nSend the completed form to DVSA. You\u2019ll also need to include a draft plan of the intended site, eg an annotated satellite image.\n\n## Site inspection\n\nDVSA will:\n\n- inspect the site\n\n- send a site report to you\n\n- send a unique site code to you if the site is suitable\n\nThe site report will explain any rules set by DVSA. This will include how many trainees are allowed on the site.\n\nYou should make sure all your instructors are aware of these details.\n\n## Changes to authorised sites\n\nYou must tell DVSA straight away if a site is altered or added to.\n\nDownload the compulsory basic training site application form and send it to DVSA.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to include:\n\n- a draft plan showing any changes to the original authorised site\n\n- a permission letter signed by the site owner\n\nThe site\u2019s authorisation can be removed if it has become unsuitable.\n\n## Stopping using a site\n\nYou must tell DVSA straight away if you stop using a site for CBT.\n\nYou can email DVSA - you\u2019ll need to include your approved training body number and the site\u2019s unique code.\n\n## Providing the CBT course\n\nThe compulsory basic training (CBT) course is made up of 5 parts.\n\nThe course syllabus and the order in which the parts must be delivered is set out in law.\n\n## CBT certificate of completion\n\nYou must give trainees a CBT certificate of completion (DL196) when they reach the required standard.\n\nThe certificate must be completed and signed by the instructor, usually the one who conducted part E of the CBT course.\n\nThe name and address of your approved training body (ATB) should be included on the certificate.\n\n## Ordering DL196 certificates\n\nYou can buy books of DL196 certificates online from DVSA.\n\nEach book contains 25 certificates and costs \u00a3200.\n\n## How your ATB is monitored\n\nDVSA monitors the standard of instruction given by:\n\n- approved training bodies (ATBs)\n\n- instructors delivering compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\n\nYou must make your instructors available for regular standards checks.\n\nYou should tell your local DVSA CBT manager the dates and times when your ATB will be running CBT courses.\n\n## After an assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter of confirmation and report from DVSA after an assessment visit if the training delivered meets the required standard.\n\nDVSA can conduct more assessments if:\n\n- the training falls short of the required standard\n\n- there are breaches of regulations\n\n- there are reports of failure to follow the conditions of appointment\n\nDVSA will consider withdrawing an instructor\u2019s authority to deliver courses if they fail to achieve the required standard during the subsequent assessments.\n\nDVSA can withdraw your ATB\u2019s authorisation to deliver training courses if assessments show that it doesn\u2019t consistently provide full and proper CBT courses.\n\n## Disagreeing with DVSA\u2019s decision\n\nYou can appeal to DVSA if you or an instructor disagrees with DVSA\u2019s decision to withdraw their authority.\n\n## Documents for ATBs\n\nDVSA produces the following documents for approved training bodies (ATBs).\n\n## ATB manual\n\nThe ATB manual gives more details about the rules and processes you should follow when you\u2019re running an ATB.\n\n## Safe and Responsible Riding\n\nThe \u2018National standard for riding mopeds and motorcycles\u2019 sets out the skills, knowledge and understanding that learners need to prove they\u2019re safe and responsible riders.\n\n## Compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus and guidance notes\n\nThe CBT syllabus and guidance notes sets out what trainers need to do and what learners need to understand when taking the course.\n\n## Direct access scheme (DAS) motorcycle training guidance\n\nThe DAS motorcycle training guidance sets out what trainers need to do and what learners need to understand when taking the course.\n\nChanges to the CBT syllabus and guidance notes\n\nYou can keep up to date with new versions if you sign up for DVSA email alerts.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-run-motorcycle-approved-training-body-atb", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a DVSA approved site for practical training and riding elements of the compulsory basic training (CBT) course. Recently we have shut down the site for some financial reasons.", + "original_question": "Do we have to inform DVSA about the decision to stop using the CBT site ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-573", + "question": "Scenario: Our school bus only offers bus transport services to the teachers.students and pupils. It doesn't carry any other passengers ,\n\nQuestion: Do we need to register it with local council?\n\nDocument - Run a local bus service:\n## Overview\n\nA local bus service uses public service vehicles (PSVs) to carry passengers who pay separate fares over short distances.\n\nThe route can be any length, as long as passengers can get off within 15 miles (measured in a straight line) of where they got on.\n\nYou must usually register with the local authority and the local traffic commissioner if you\u2019re operating a local service outside London - there are some exceptions.\n\nYou need a London Service Permit to run a service in London.\n\n## Who can register\n\nYou can register a local bus service if you:\n\n- hold a valid PSV operator\u2019s licence\n\n- hold a community bus permit\n\n- are a local education authority and want to provide a local service using a school bus belonging to you\n\nTaxi or private hire vehicle owners can also register by getting a special PSV operator\u2019s licence.\n\n## Before you register\n\nBefore registering a local bus service you should consider if:\n\n- your route is suitable\n\n- you have the right sort of vehicles\n\n- you can keep to the timetable given the traffic conditions on route\n\n- you have enough drivers to cover absences though sicknesses, holidays, etc\n\n- you have replacement vehicles if other vehicles are off-road\n\n- there are any traffic regulation conditions \u2013 contact your local traffic area office\n\n- a Quality Partnership or Quality Contract Scheme exists - contact your local transport authority\n\nYou must run the service just as you have registered it, even if staff members are ill or a vehicle is off the road. There are penalties if you do not.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re starting a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\nApply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service starts - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.\n\nThis notice period begins on the day when the traffic commissioner accepts your application.\n\nHolders of a \u2018Section 22\u2019 community bus permit must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice in England and Wales, and 56 days in Scotland.\n\nIf you want to start the service sooner you must complete a supplementary form. The traffic commissioner decides whether or not to agree to this.\n\nIf you\u2019re planning a service in Strathclyde, you must also give notice to the Strathclyde Partnership for Transport 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a360 to register a local bus service\n\n- \u00a313 to register a community bus service\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can register through the electronic bus service registration (EBSR) system. Telephone the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) helpline for information on how to do this.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nPrint off and fill in the application form for the type of service you want to run:\n\n- PSV350 - application to register a bus service (England, Wales and Scotland)\n\n- Application to register a local bus service with a flexible route\n\n- PSV350A - supplementary form: application to start, change or cancel a registered bus service with less than 56 days\u2019 notice (England, Wales and Scotland)\n\n## Where to send the form\n\nSend the form and fees to:\n\n- Central Licensing Office - for England and Wales (except London)\n\n- Office of the Traffic Commissioner \u2013 for Scotland\n\n## Other people you must tell\n\nYou must also send copies to:\n\n- all councils your route passes through - for example the county council, shire council, unitary authority\n\n- the relevant Passenger Transport Executive if there is one\n\n## Getting help\n\nRead the following guides for more information on:\n\n- local bus service registration: guide for operators (England, Scotland and Wales)\n\n- the registration of flexibly routed local bus services: guide for operators\n\n## Change or cancel a bus service\n\nApply to the local authority and the traffic commissioner if you want to:\n\n- change a timetable, route or other detail of your service\n\n- cancel the service\n\nYou must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re changing or cancelling a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\nApply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service changes or stops - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.\n\nHolders of a section 22 community bus permit must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice in England and Wales, and 56 days in Scotland.\n\nIf you want to make the changes or cancel the service sooner, you must fill in a supplementary form (England, Scotland or Wales). The traffic commissioner decides whether or not to agree to this.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a360 to change a local bus service\n\n- \u00a313 to change a community bus service\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for a cancellation.\n\n## Application and supplementary forms\n\nPrint off and fill in the application and supplementary forms to:\n\n- change or cancel a registered bus service (England, Scotland or Wales)\n\n- change or cancel a registered bus service with less than 56 days notice (England, Scotland or Wales)\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not have to register a bus service if all of the following apply:\n\n- someone other than you or your agent is responsible for arranging the journey and bringing the passengers together\n\n- the journey is not advertised in advance to the general public\n\n- all passengers travel together to or from the same place - for example a school or factory\n\n- passengers pay the same fare no matter how far they travel\n\n## School or college bus services\n\nIf you operate a bus service provided by a local education authority in England or Wales, you may not have to register it.\n\nYou do not need to register a service if the only passengers who pay fares are either:\n\n- studying at a school or college\n\n- supervising pupils or students\n\n- teachers or assistants working at the school or college\n\nIf other people can also use the service, it must be registered.\n\n## Other exemptions\n\nYou do not need to register:\n\n- a replacement bus service (for example when a train service is temporarily cancelled and a bus is used instead) provided under an agreement with the Secretary of State, the Scottish Ministers or the National Assembly for Wales\n\n- excursions or tours - unless they operate once a week or more for at least 6 weeks in a row\n\nAn excursion or tour is where passengers travel together on a journey, with or without breaks, from one or more places to one or more places and back.\n\n## Traffic regulation conditions\n\nThe local council can ask the traffic commissioner to impose conditions on your licence. The traffic commissioner will decide if conditions are needed to:\n\n- prevent dangers to other road users\n\n- reduce traffic congestion\n\n- limit environmental pollution\n\nThe conditions could affect:\n\n- your bus routes\n\n- where you can stop\n\n- when you can stop and for how long\n\n- where you can turn or reverse\n\n- the number of vehicles, their type or their frequency\n\nIn some cases the conditions will start straight away.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if conditions have been imposed and they\u2019ll be added to your licence.\n\n## You cannot meet the conditions\n\nYou must change the registration within 28 days if you cannot run your service under the conditions. You will not have to pay a fee if you change the registration because of these conditions. You must meet the conditions until the change of registration takes effect.\n\n## You disagree with the conditions\n\nYou can ask for a public inquiry within 28 days if you disagree with the traffic commissioner\u2019s decision.\n\nIt\u2019s against the law to disobey traffic regulation conditions.\n\n## Penalties for poor service\n\nOnce you have registered your service you must run it:\n\n- at the times you\u2019ve said it would run\n\n- along the route you\u2019ve registered\n\n## Penalties\n\nIf you do not run a reliable or punctual service the traffic commissioner can stop you from running the service - or even running any services at all.\n\nThe traffic commissioner can also fine you. The size of the fine is based on the number of vehicles you\u2019re licensed to use.\n\nIf you provide the local bus service in England and Wales, you may also have to:\n\n- spend money on providing or improving local services or facilities\n\n- compensate passengers\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you disagree with the traffic commissioner\u2019s decision.\n\nRead more about the standards for local bus services and how traffic commissioners expect you to operate.\n\n## Register a bus service in London\n\nTo run a bus service in London you must have a London Service Permit. Permits last for 5 years and you must normally apply at least 3 months before starting the service.\n\nYou can apply for a shorter period of notice if Transport for London (TfL) agrees.\n\n## Concessionary fares\n\nYou may be eligible to take part in a concessionary fare scheme. This reimburses you for carrying passengers who get discounted travel, such as:\n\n- older people\n\n- disabled people\n\n- children\n\nContact your local council for more information on taking part.\n\nSome councils offer a voluntary membership scheme for operators. Others have a compulsory scheme.\n\n## Find out more\n\nFind out more about concessionary fare schemes for:\n\n- England\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n## Grants for local bus services\n\nYou might qualify for the Bus Service Operator\u2019s Grant (in England or Scotland) or the Regional Transport Services Grant (in Wales) if you provide a service where:\n\n- at least half the seats are available to and regularly used by the general public\n\n- stops on the route are in places that people are likely to use reasonably often - fixed bus stops or otherwise\n\n- single journey fares are reasonably priced\n\n- fares can be paid conveniently\n\n- the bus does not have signs or any other indication that it\u2019s not available to the general public\n\n- information about the service, its route and timetable is accessible to the general public\n\n- advance bookings of flexible services do not deter people who want to make a single journey\n\nThere are slightly different conditions if your bus service is intended for transporting pupils, people with disabilities or elderly people.\n\nRead more about the Bus Service Operator\u2019s Grant (England and Scotland).\n\n## How to apply\n\nContact the helpline for your area.\n\n## England\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\nThe grant is administered through the Regional Transport Consortia:", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/run-local-bus-service", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Our school bus only offers bus transport services to the teachers.students and pupils. It doesn't carry any other passengers ,", + "original_question": "Do we need to register it with local council?" + }, + { + "id": "train-577", + "question": "Scenario: I am 22 years old. I am an accountant who wants to undergo additional training. I have been refused my request based on the notion that training would not benefit the business. I appealed, but was again refused.\n\nQuestion: Can I take this appeal any further?\n\nDocument - Training and study at work: your rights:\n## Who can and can't ask for time off to train\n\nStaff may have the right to ask for time off work for training or study.\n\nTo ask for training or study:\n\n- staff must be classed as an employee\n\n- they must have worked for their employer for at least 26 weeks\n\n- training must help staff do their job better\n\n- at least 250 people must work in the organisation\n\nTime off is usually unpaid unless the employer agrees to pay it.\n\nCheck someone\u2019s employment status.\n\n## Who can\u2019t ask for time off to train\n\nStaff can\u2019t ask for time off for training or study if they\u2019re:\n\n- an agency worker\n\n- in the armed forces\n\n- of compulsory school age (\u2018school age\u2019 in Scotland)\n\n- a young person who\u2019s already got the right to take paid time off for study or training\n\n- aged 16 to 18 and already expected to take part in education or training\n\n## Asking for time off\n\nEmployees should follow their organisation\u2019s rules to ask for time off. If there aren\u2019t any they can write to their employer saying it\u2019s a request \u2018under Section 63D of the Employment Rights Act 1996\u2019 with the following details:\n\n- the date\n\n- the subject matter of the study or training\n\n- where and when it would take place\n\n- who\u2019ll be providing the training\n\n- the name of the qualification they could get - if any\n\n- why they think this study or training will help them do their job better and help their employer\u2019s business\n\n- if they\u2019ve made a request before and when\n\nAn employer doesn\u2019t have to consider the request if all this information isn\u2019t included.\n\nEmployees can only make 1 request a year.\n\n## If the employee changes their mind\n\nThe employee must tell their employer if they:\n\n- don\u2019t start the agreed training or study\n\n- don\u2019t finish the training or study\n\n- do a different course or plan to do a different course from the one agreed\n\n## Employer's decision and responsibilities\n\nThe employer has 28 days to:\n\n- accept the request\n\n- hold a meeting with the employee to discuss it\n\nThis might be longer if the person who deals with these requests is off when the request is sent in.\n\nThe employee can take a trade union representative or colleague to the meeting. They can ask for the meeting to be postponed if this person can\u2019t make it.\n\nIf the employer decides to hold a meeting about it they must make a decision within 14 days of it, unless the employee agrees in writing to extend this time.\n\n## Turning down the request\n\nThe employer can only turn down a request if:\n\n- the training wouldn\u2019t benefit their business\n\n- they would run up extra costs for the business\n\n- they wouldn\u2019t be able to meet customer demands\n\n- they can\u2019t re-organise the work among other members of staff\n\n- they can\u2019t recruit extra staff\n\n- it would damage quality and business performance\n\n- there wouldn\u2019t be enough work for the employee to do at the times they intend to work\n\n- it conflicts with planned structural changes\n\n## Paying for the training\n\nThe employer doesn\u2019t have to pay for the training or study. They can choose to pay all or part of the fees if they think it will benefit the business.\n\n## Appealing the decision\n\nEmployees have the right to appeal if their employer refuses a request to take time off for training or study.\n\nThis must be made within 14 days of their employer\u2019s decision.\n\nThe appeal must:\n\n- be in writing\n\n- be dated\n\n- set out why they\u2019re appealing - the grounds for the appeal\n\n## The appeal meeting\n\nThe employer has to arrange a meeting with the employee to discuss the appeal within 14 days of getting the appeal.\n\nThe employer must give their decision in writing within 14 days of the meeting.\n\n## If the problem isn\u2019t resolved\n\nIf an employee isn\u2019t satisfied with the result of an appeal they can phone Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) for help and advice or raise a grievance.\n\nIf this doesn\u2019t work the employee could go to an employment tribunal if the employer:\n\n- didn\u2019t follow the procedure properly\n\n- refused the request based on the wrong facts\n\nEmployment tribunal claims must be made within 3 months of an appeal decision.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/training-study-work-your-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 22 years old. I am an accountant who wants to undergo additional training. I have been refused my request based on the notion that training would not benefit the business. I appealed, but was again refused.", + "original_question": "Can I take this appeal any further?" + }, + { + "id": "train-578", + "question": "Scenario: I have an employee who has requested time off for training. According to the criteria, they do qualify for the right to ask. I have agreed that he can have the time off for training, but have been told that I will have to contribute to the training.\n\nQuestion: Do I, the employer, have to pay towards the training?\n\nDocument - Training and study at work: your rights:\n## Who can and can't ask for time off to train\n\nStaff may have the right to ask for time off work for training or study.\n\nTo ask for training or study:\n\n- staff must be classed as an employee\n\n- they must have worked for their employer for at least 26 weeks\n\n- training must help staff do their job better\n\n- at least 250 people must work in the organisation\n\nTime off is usually unpaid unless the employer agrees to pay it.\n\nCheck someone\u2019s employment status.\n\n## Who can\u2019t ask for time off to train\n\nStaff can\u2019t ask for time off for training or study if they\u2019re:\n\n- an agency worker\n\n- in the armed forces\n\n- of compulsory school age (\u2018school age\u2019 in Scotland)\n\n- a young person who\u2019s already got the right to take paid time off for study or training\n\n- aged 16 to 18 and already expected to take part in education or training\n\n## Asking for time off\n\nEmployees should follow their organisation\u2019s rules to ask for time off. If there aren\u2019t any they can write to their employer saying it\u2019s a request \u2018under Section 63D of the Employment Rights Act 1996\u2019 with the following details:\n\n- the date\n\n- the subject matter of the study or training\n\n- where and when it would take place\n\n- who\u2019ll be providing the training\n\n- the name of the qualification they could get - if any\n\n- why they think this study or training will help them do their job better and help their employer\u2019s business\n\n- if they\u2019ve made a request before and when\n\nAn employer doesn\u2019t have to consider the request if all this information isn\u2019t included.\n\nEmployees can only make 1 request a year.\n\n## If the employee changes their mind\n\nThe employee must tell their employer if they:\n\n- don\u2019t start the agreed training or study\n\n- don\u2019t finish the training or study\n\n- do a different course or plan to do a different course from the one agreed\n\n## Employer's decision and responsibilities\n\nThe employer has 28 days to:\n\n- accept the request\n\n- hold a meeting with the employee to discuss it\n\nThis might be longer if the person who deals with these requests is off when the request is sent in.\n\nThe employee can take a trade union representative or colleague to the meeting. They can ask for the meeting to be postponed if this person can\u2019t make it.\n\nIf the employer decides to hold a meeting about it they must make a decision within 14 days of it, unless the employee agrees in writing to extend this time.\n\n## Turning down the request\n\nThe employer can only turn down a request if:\n\n- the training wouldn\u2019t benefit their business\n\n- they would run up extra costs for the business\n\n- they wouldn\u2019t be able to meet customer demands\n\n- they can\u2019t re-organise the work among other members of staff\n\n- they can\u2019t recruit extra staff\n\n- it would damage quality and business performance\n\n- there wouldn\u2019t be enough work for the employee to do at the times they intend to work\n\n- it conflicts with planned structural changes\n\n## Paying for the training\n\nThe employer doesn\u2019t have to pay for the training or study. They can choose to pay all or part of the fees if they think it will benefit the business.\n\n## Appealing the decision\n\nEmployees have the right to appeal if their employer refuses a request to take time off for training or study.\n\nThis must be made within 14 days of their employer\u2019s decision.\n\nThe appeal must:\n\n- be in writing\n\n- be dated\n\n- set out why they\u2019re appealing - the grounds for the appeal\n\n## The appeal meeting\n\nThe employer has to arrange a meeting with the employee to discuss the appeal within 14 days of getting the appeal.\n\nThe employer must give their decision in writing within 14 days of the meeting.\n\n## If the problem isn\u2019t resolved\n\nIf an employee isn\u2019t satisfied with the result of an appeal they can phone Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) for help and advice or raise a grievance.\n\nIf this doesn\u2019t work the employee could go to an employment tribunal if the employer:\n\n- didn\u2019t follow the procedure properly\n\n- refused the request based on the wrong facts\n\nEmployment tribunal claims must be made within 3 months of an appeal decision.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/training-study-work-your-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have an employee who has requested time off for training. According to the criteria, they do qualify for the right to ask. I have agreed that he can have the time off for training, but have been told that I will have to contribute to the training.", + "original_question": "Do I, the employer, have to pay towards the training?" + }, + { + "id": "train-579", + "question": "Scenario: We have been having an employee in our company who has been diagnosed with breast cancer.she has been put on long term chemotherapy treatment. She shows no signs of recovery.\n\nQuestion: Can we dismiss her from work?\n\nDocument - Dismissing staff:\n## Overview\n\nDismissal is when you end an employee\u2019s contract. When dismissing staff, you must do it fairly.\n\nThere are different types of dismissal:\n\n- fair dismissal\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n- constructive dismissal\n\n- wrongful dismissal\n\nIf you\u2019ve had to dismiss staff because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to re-employ them and pay their wages through the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme.\n\n## Fair and unfair dismissal\n\nA dismissal is fair or unfair depending on:\n\n- your reason for it\n\n- how you act during the dismissal process\n\n## Constructive dismissal\n\nThis is when an employee resigns because you\u2019ve breached their employment contract. This could be a single serious event or a series of less serious events.\n\nAn employee could claim constructive dismissal if you:\n\n- cut their wages without agreement\n\n- unlawfully demote them\n\n- allow them to be harassed, bullied or discriminated against\n\n- unfairly increase their workload\n\n- change the location of their workplace at short notice\n\n- make them work in dangerous conditions\n\nA constructive dismissal is not necessarily unfair - but it would be difficult for you to show that a breach of contract was fair.\n\nA constructive dismissal might lead to a claim for wrongful dismissal.\n\n## Wrongful dismissal\n\nThis is where you break the terms of an employee\u2019s contract in the dismissal process, for example dismissing someone without giving them proper notice.\n\nWrongful dismissal is not the same as unfair dismissal.\n\nIf an employee thinks you\u2019ve dismissed them unfairly, constructively or wrongfully, they might take you to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Fair dismissals\n\nYou must have a valid reason for dismissing an employee. Valid reasons include:\n\n- their capability or conduct\n\n- redundancy\n\n- something that prevents them from legally being able to do their job, for example a driver losing their driving licence\n\nThere could be other fair reasons too - these are sometimes called \u2018other substantial reasons\u2019.\n\n## Acting reasonably\n\nEven if you have a fair reason, the dismissal is only fair if you also act reasonably during the dismissal and disciplinary process.\n\nThere\u2019s no legal definition of \u2018reasonableness\u2019, but if you\u2019re taken to an employment or industrial tribunal they would consider whether you:\n\n- genuinely believed that the reason was fair\n\n- carried out proper investigations where appropriate\n\n- followed the relevant procedures\n\n- told the employee why they were being considered for dismissal and listened to their views (in Northern Ireland, the employer must do this in writing)\n\n- allowed the employee to be accompanied at disciplinary/dismissal hearings\n\n- gave the employee the chance to appeal\n\nReasonableness might also depend on whether the employee could be expected to understand the consequences of their behaviour.\n\n## Dismissal and disciplinary procedures\n\nYou must set out your dismissal and disciplinary rules and procedures in writing - if you do not, a tribunal can order you to pay an employee compensation.\n\n## Summary dismissal\n\nThis is when you dismiss someone instantly without notice or pay in lieu of notice, usually because of gross misconduct (for example theft, fraud, violence).\n\nTribunals may rule a summary dismissal as \u2018procedurally unfair\u2019 - you can only suspend someone without pay if their contract says you can do this. If it does not, you should suspend the employee on full pay and investigate the circumstances.\n\nIf you feel summary dismissal\u2019s your only choice, you must still follow a fair procedure as you would do for any other disciplinary matter.\n\n## Unfair dismissals\n\nEven if you think you\u2019ve dismissed someone fairly, they could still claim unfair dismissal against you if they think that:\n\n- the reason you gave for the dismissal was not the real one\n\n- the reason was unfair\n\n- you acted unreasonably, for example by failing to give them plenty of warning about their dismissal\n\n## Automatically unfair reasons for dismissal\n\nEven if you\u2019ve acted reasonably, some reasons for dismissal are classed automatically unfair. These are to do with the following areas:\n\n- pregnancy, including all reasons relating to maternity\n\n- family, including parental leave, paternity leave (birth and adoption), adoption leave or time off for dependants\n\n- acting as an employee representative\n\n- acting as a trade union representative\n\n- acting as an occupational pension scheme trustee\n\n- joining or not joining a trade union\n\n- being a part-time or fixed-term employee\n\n- pay and working hours, including the Working Time Regulations, annual leave and the National Minimum Wage\n\n- whistleblowing\n\nCompulsory retirement on the grounds of age is unlawful unfair dismissal unless you can objectively justify it - but you could be challenged at a tribunal.\n\n## Industrial action\n\nIt\u2019s automatically unfair to dismiss someone for taking part in official (\u2018lawful\u2019) industrial action:\n\n- in the 12-week period from the day the industrial action starts\n\n- if the action lasts longer than 12 weeks and you have not taken reasonable steps to resolve the dispute\n\nOnly an employment or industrial tribunal can decide whether or not you\u2019ve taken reasonable steps to resolve a dispute.\n\nIf you \u2018lock out\u2019 employees taking industrial action, the days of the lock-out are not included in the calculation of the 12-week protected period.\n\nA lock-out is where you prevent employees from getting to their workplace, for example by locking the doors.\n\n## Disability\n\nIf a disabled employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them.\n\n## Political beliefs and groups\n\nIt is not automatically unfair to dismiss someone because of their political beliefs or political groups they belong to, but a tribunal might find this unfair.\n\nThere\u2019s no longer a qualifying period for someone going to an employment tribunal if they\u2019ve been dismissed because of political opinions or affiliation. This applies to anyone dismissed from 25 June 2013.\n\n## Penalties for unfair dismissals\n\nIf a tribunal finds that an employee has been unfairly dismissed, you might be ordered to:\n\n- reinstate them (give them their job back)\n\n- re-engage them (re-employ them in a different job)\n\nYou might also have to pay compensation, which depends on the employee\u2019s:\n\n- age\n\n- gross weekly pay\n\n- length of service\n\nYou might have to pay extra compensation if you do not follow a tribunal\u2019s order to reinstate someone.\n\nThere\u2019s a limit on the amount a tribunal can award for unfair dismissal, apart from in cases relating to:\n\n- health and safety (for example where you unfairly dismiss someone for taking action on health and safety grounds)\n\n- whistleblowing\n\n## Eligibility to claim unfair dismissal\n\nEmployees can only claim unfair dismissal if they\u2019ve worked for a qualifying period - unless they\u2019re claiming for an automatically unfair reason.\n\n| Date employment started | When the employee can claim |\n\n| Before 6 April 2012 | After first year of employment |\n\n| After 6 April 2012 | After 2 years of employment |\n\n## Who cannot claim unfair dismissal\n\nThe right to complain to a tribunal about unfair dismissal is not available to:\n\n- self-employed people\n\n- independent contractors\n\n- members of the armed forces\n\n- employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) in Northern Ireland\n\n- employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through a \u2018settlement agreement\u2019 or \u2018compromise agreement\u2019 after taking legal advice\n\n- employees employed under an illegal contract, for example a barman under the age of 18\n\n- employees covered by a dismissal procedure agreement that\u2019s been legally exempted from the unfair dismissal rules\n\n- employees taking part in unofficial industrial action (unless the dismissal is for an automatically unfair reason)\n\n- police officers (unless the dismissal relates to health and safety or whistleblowing)\n\n- those working on a fishing vessel and paid by a share in the profits or gross earnings of the vessel\n\n## Dismissals for conduct or performance reasons\n\nYou can dismiss an employee if:\n\n- they\u2019re incapable of doing their job to the required standard\n\n- they\u2019re capable, but unwilling to do their job properly\n\n- they\u2019ve committed some form of misconduct\n\nIf you want to dismiss someone, there\u2019s no specific process you must go through by law - as long as you do it fairly.\n\nIf a capability issue is linked to someone\u2019s health, you should try as many ways as possible to help them do their job before dismissing them.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures\n\nYou should include examples of what you consider to be misconduct in your disciplinary rules.\n\nDifferent disciplinary procedures are appropriate for different circumstances.\n\nEmployees have the right to be accompanied to all disciplinary meetings and to appeal to a manager. Keep notes of all meetings and give copies to the employee.\n\n## Misconduct\n\nMisconduct can include things like persistent lateness or unauthorised absence from work.\n\nTo make sure the dismissal is fair when misconduct is not \u2018serious\u2019 or \u2018gross\u2019:\n\n- Arrange a meeting with the employee, telling them the reason for it. At the meeting, give them a chance to explain and issue a first written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. In the warning, tell them how you expect them to improve and over what period - warn them that if they do not improve enough, you\u2019ll give them a final written warning.\n\n- Hold a second meeting if their performance or behaviour has not improved enough by the deadline - give them a chance to explain and issue a final written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. Revise the action plan with timescales for improvement and warn them that you\u2019ll consider dismissal if there\u2019s no improvement.\n\n- Hold a third meeting if their performance or behaviour is still not up to standard by these new deadlines. Warn them that dismissal is now possible. After the meeting - or appeal if there is one - decide whether to give the employee a further chance to improve, or dismiss them. You must tell the employee of your final decision, whatever it is.\n\n## Serious misconduct\n\nYou can issue a single \u2018first and final\u2019 written warning if the misconduct or underperformance is serious enough. Explain that not improving could lead to dismissal. \u2018Serious enough\u2019 includes if it\u2019s likely to or has caused serious harm to the organisation itself.\n\n## Gross misconduct\n\nGross misconduct can include things like theft, physical violence, gross negligence or serious insubordination.\n\nWith gross misconduct, you can dismiss the employee immediately as long as you follow a fair procedure. You should investigate the incident and give the employee a chance to respond before deciding to dismiss them.\n\n## One-off incidents\n\nAn informal discussion may be enough to resolve the issue if the misconduct or underperformance was a one-off and the employee has a good disciplinary record.\n\n## Dismissals due to illness\n\nSometimes an employee may have to stop working because of long-term ill health. They may resign, or you may have to consider dismissing them.\n\n## Considering dismissing an employee\n\nDismissal is a last resort and you should consider as many ways as possible to help the employee back to work, including:\n\n- getting a medical report from their GP with the employee\u2019s permission - they have the right to see the report before you do\n\n- arranging an occupational health assessment\n\n- work out whether or not they\u2019re disabled and make any reasonable adjustments to help them do their job\n\nIf the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.\n\n## How to dismiss someone\n\nDuring the dismissal procedure, make sure you act fairly and reasonably. You must treat the employee with sensitivity.\n\nYour procedure should follow the advice set out in the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) code of practice, or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) code of practice for Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you do not follow the code and are taken to an employment or industrial tribunal, you may have to pay compensation.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We have been having an employee in our company who has been diagnosed with breast cancer.she has been put on long term chemotherapy treatment. She shows no signs of recovery.", + "original_question": "Can we dismiss her from work?" + }, + { + "id": "train-580", + "question": "Scenario: We would like to dismiss two of our employees without notice due to gross misconduct.We want them to leave immediately for the best interest of our company.\n\nQuestion: Do we have to give them pay in lieu of notice?\n\nDocument - Dismissing staff:\n## Overview\n\nDismissal is when you end an employee\u2019s contract. When dismissing staff, you must do it fairly.\n\nThere are different types of dismissal:\n\n- fair dismissal\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n- constructive dismissal\n\n- wrongful dismissal\n\nIf you\u2019ve had to dismiss staff because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to re-employ them and pay their wages through the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme.\n\n## Fair and unfair dismissal\n\nA dismissal is fair or unfair depending on:\n\n- your reason for it\n\n- how you act during the dismissal process\n\n## Constructive dismissal\n\nThis is when an employee resigns because you\u2019ve breached their employment contract. This could be a single serious event or a series of less serious events.\n\nAn employee could claim constructive dismissal if you:\n\n- cut their wages without agreement\n\n- unlawfully demote them\n\n- allow them to be harassed, bullied or discriminated against\n\n- unfairly increase their workload\n\n- change the location of their workplace at short notice\n\n- make them work in dangerous conditions\n\nA constructive dismissal is not necessarily unfair - but it would be difficult for you to show that a breach of contract was fair.\n\nA constructive dismissal might lead to a claim for wrongful dismissal.\n\n## Wrongful dismissal\n\nThis is where you break the terms of an employee\u2019s contract in the dismissal process, for example dismissing someone without giving them proper notice.\n\nWrongful dismissal is not the same as unfair dismissal.\n\nIf an employee thinks you\u2019ve dismissed them unfairly, constructively or wrongfully, they might take you to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Fair dismissals\n\nYou must have a valid reason for dismissing an employee. Valid reasons include:\n\n- their capability or conduct\n\n- redundancy\n\n- something that prevents them from legally being able to do their job, for example a driver losing their driving licence\n\nThere could be other fair reasons too - these are sometimes called \u2018other substantial reasons\u2019.\n\n## Acting reasonably\n\nEven if you have a fair reason, the dismissal is only fair if you also act reasonably during the dismissal and disciplinary process.\n\nThere\u2019s no legal definition of \u2018reasonableness\u2019, but if you\u2019re taken to an employment or industrial tribunal they would consider whether you:\n\n- genuinely believed that the reason was fair\n\n- carried out proper investigations where appropriate\n\n- followed the relevant procedures\n\n- told the employee why they were being considered for dismissal and listened to their views (in Northern Ireland, the employer must do this in writing)\n\n- allowed the employee to be accompanied at disciplinary/dismissal hearings\n\n- gave the employee the chance to appeal\n\nReasonableness might also depend on whether the employee could be expected to understand the consequences of their behaviour.\n\n## Dismissal and disciplinary procedures\n\nYou must set out your dismissal and disciplinary rules and procedures in writing - if you do not, a tribunal can order you to pay an employee compensation.\n\n## Summary dismissal\n\nThis is when you dismiss someone instantly without notice or pay in lieu of notice, usually because of gross misconduct (for example theft, fraud, violence).\n\nTribunals may rule a summary dismissal as \u2018procedurally unfair\u2019 - you can only suspend someone without pay if their contract says you can do this. If it does not, you should suspend the employee on full pay and investigate the circumstances.\n\nIf you feel summary dismissal\u2019s your only choice, you must still follow a fair procedure as you would do for any other disciplinary matter.\n\n## Unfair dismissals\n\nEven if you think you\u2019ve dismissed someone fairly, they could still claim unfair dismissal against you if they think that:\n\n- the reason you gave for the dismissal was not the real one\n\n- the reason was unfair\n\n- you acted unreasonably, for example by failing to give them plenty of warning about their dismissal\n\n## Automatically unfair reasons for dismissal\n\nEven if you\u2019ve acted reasonably, some reasons for dismissal are classed automatically unfair. These are to do with the following areas:\n\n- pregnancy, including all reasons relating to maternity\n\n- family, including parental leave, paternity leave (birth and adoption), adoption leave or time off for dependants\n\n- acting as an employee representative\n\n- acting as a trade union representative\n\n- acting as an occupational pension scheme trustee\n\n- joining or not joining a trade union\n\n- being a part-time or fixed-term employee\n\n- pay and working hours, including the Working Time Regulations, annual leave and the National Minimum Wage\n\n- whistleblowing\n\nCompulsory retirement on the grounds of age is unlawful unfair dismissal unless you can objectively justify it - but you could be challenged at a tribunal.\n\n## Industrial action\n\nIt\u2019s automatically unfair to dismiss someone for taking part in official (\u2018lawful\u2019) industrial action:\n\n- in the 12-week period from the day the industrial action starts\n\n- if the action lasts longer than 12 weeks and you have not taken reasonable steps to resolve the dispute\n\nOnly an employment or industrial tribunal can decide whether or not you\u2019ve taken reasonable steps to resolve a dispute.\n\nIf you \u2018lock out\u2019 employees taking industrial action, the days of the lock-out are not included in the calculation of the 12-week protected period.\n\nA lock-out is where you prevent employees from getting to their workplace, for example by locking the doors.\n\n## Disability\n\nIf a disabled employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them.\n\n## Political beliefs and groups\n\nIt is not automatically unfair to dismiss someone because of their political beliefs or political groups they belong to, but a tribunal might find this unfair.\n\nThere\u2019s no longer a qualifying period for someone going to an employment tribunal if they\u2019ve been dismissed because of political opinions or affiliation. This applies to anyone dismissed from 25 June 2013.\n\n## Penalties for unfair dismissals\n\nIf a tribunal finds that an employee has been unfairly dismissed, you might be ordered to:\n\n- reinstate them (give them their job back)\n\n- re-engage them (re-employ them in a different job)\n\nYou might also have to pay compensation, which depends on the employee\u2019s:\n\n- age\n\n- gross weekly pay\n\n- length of service\n\nYou might have to pay extra compensation if you do not follow a tribunal\u2019s order to reinstate someone.\n\nThere\u2019s a limit on the amount a tribunal can award for unfair dismissal, apart from in cases relating to:\n\n- health and safety (for example where you unfairly dismiss someone for taking action on health and safety grounds)\n\n- whistleblowing\n\n## Eligibility to claim unfair dismissal\n\nEmployees can only claim unfair dismissal if they\u2019ve worked for a qualifying period - unless they\u2019re claiming for an automatically unfair reason.\n\n| Date employment started | When the employee can claim |\n\n| Before 6 April 2012 | After first year of employment |\n\n| After 6 April 2012 | After 2 years of employment |\n\n## Who cannot claim unfair dismissal\n\nThe right to complain to a tribunal about unfair dismissal is not available to:\n\n- self-employed people\n\n- independent contractors\n\n- members of the armed forces\n\n- employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) in Northern Ireland\n\n- employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through a \u2018settlement agreement\u2019 or \u2018compromise agreement\u2019 after taking legal advice\n\n- employees employed under an illegal contract, for example a barman under the age of 18\n\n- employees covered by a dismissal procedure agreement that\u2019s been legally exempted from the unfair dismissal rules\n\n- employees taking part in unofficial industrial action (unless the dismissal is for an automatically unfair reason)\n\n- police officers (unless the dismissal relates to health and safety or whistleblowing)\n\n- those working on a fishing vessel and paid by a share in the profits or gross earnings of the vessel\n\n## Dismissals for conduct or performance reasons\n\nYou can dismiss an employee if:\n\n- they\u2019re incapable of doing their job to the required standard\n\n- they\u2019re capable, but unwilling to do their job properly\n\n- they\u2019ve committed some form of misconduct\n\nIf you want to dismiss someone, there\u2019s no specific process you must go through by law - as long as you do it fairly.\n\nIf a capability issue is linked to someone\u2019s health, you should try as many ways as possible to help them do their job before dismissing them.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures\n\nYou should include examples of what you consider to be misconduct in your disciplinary rules.\n\nDifferent disciplinary procedures are appropriate for different circumstances.\n\nEmployees have the right to be accompanied to all disciplinary meetings and to appeal to a manager. Keep notes of all meetings and give copies to the employee.\n\n## Misconduct\n\nMisconduct can include things like persistent lateness or unauthorised absence from work.\n\nTo make sure the dismissal is fair when misconduct is not \u2018serious\u2019 or \u2018gross\u2019:\n\n- Arrange a meeting with the employee, telling them the reason for it. At the meeting, give them a chance to explain and issue a first written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. In the warning, tell them how you expect them to improve and over what period - warn them that if they do not improve enough, you\u2019ll give them a final written warning.\n\n- Hold a second meeting if their performance or behaviour has not improved enough by the deadline - give them a chance to explain and issue a final written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. Revise the action plan with timescales for improvement and warn them that you\u2019ll consider dismissal if there\u2019s no improvement.\n\n- Hold a third meeting if their performance or behaviour is still not up to standard by these new deadlines. Warn them that dismissal is now possible. After the meeting - or appeal if there is one - decide whether to give the employee a further chance to improve, or dismiss them. You must tell the employee of your final decision, whatever it is.\n\n## Serious misconduct\n\nYou can issue a single \u2018first and final\u2019 written warning if the misconduct or underperformance is serious enough. Explain that not improving could lead to dismissal. \u2018Serious enough\u2019 includes if it\u2019s likely to or has caused serious harm to the organisation itself.\n\n## Gross misconduct\n\nGross misconduct can include things like theft, physical violence, gross negligence or serious insubordination.\n\nWith gross misconduct, you can dismiss the employee immediately as long as you follow a fair procedure. You should investigate the incident and give the employee a chance to respond before deciding to dismiss them.\n\n## One-off incidents\n\nAn informal discussion may be enough to resolve the issue if the misconduct or underperformance was a one-off and the employee has a good disciplinary record.\n\n## Dismissals due to illness\n\nSometimes an employee may have to stop working because of long-term ill health. They may resign, or you may have to consider dismissing them.\n\n## Considering dismissing an employee\n\nDismissal is a last resort and you should consider as many ways as possible to help the employee back to work, including:\n\n- getting a medical report from their GP with the employee\u2019s permission - they have the right to see the report before you do\n\n- arranging an occupational health assessment\n\n- work out whether or not they\u2019re disabled and make any reasonable adjustments to help them do their job\n\nIf the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.\n\n## How to dismiss someone\n\nDuring the dismissal procedure, make sure you act fairly and reasonably. You must treat the employee with sensitivity.\n\nYour procedure should follow the advice set out in the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) code of practice, or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) code of practice for Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you do not follow the code and are taken to an employment or industrial tribunal, you may have to pay compensation.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We would like to dismiss two of our employees without notice due to gross misconduct.We want them to leave immediately for the best interest of our company.", + "original_question": "Do we have to give them pay in lieu of notice?" + }, + { + "id": "train-581", + "question": "Scenario: I am a trainee social worker. I am currently studying an approved undergraduate social work degree, which is not employment based. I do not receive funding from my employer.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible for a social work bursary?\n\nDocument - Social work bursaries:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re training for social work you may get a bursary.\n\nSocial work bursaries:\n\n- help with living costs and tuition fees\n\n- don\u2019t depend on your household income\n\n- don\u2019t have to be paid back\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe social work bursary is a grant that doesn\u2019t depend on your household income and doesn\u2019t have to be paid back.\n\nThe amount you get depends on:\n\n- where you study\n\n- whether you study full or part-time\n\n- the cost of your tuition\n\nGraduates doing an undergraduate social work course can apply for the Maintenance Loan part of the main student finance \npackage.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nSocial work bursaries are paid in 3 instalments, one each term.\n\n## If you\u2019re disabled\n\nYou may be able to get extra help if you\u2019re disabled and a postgraduate student.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nSocial work bursaries are available to eligible social work students who:\n\n- don\u2019t get funding from their employer\n\n- are studying an approved undergraduate or postgraduate course in social work\n\n- don\u2019t already have a higher education social work qualification\n\nYour university or college will tell you if your course qualifies.\n\nUndergraduate students may also be able to get help from the main student finance \npackage - apply to Student Finance England.\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible for a bursary if you\u2019re studying on an employment-based course including direct Open University courses.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to download forms from NHS Business Services Authority. The address to send the form is in the guidance notes.\n\nThe deadline for 2017 to 2018 applications depends on when you start your course:\n\n| Course starts | Application deadline |\n\n| Autumn term | 1 November 2017 |\n\n| Winter term | 14 February 2018 |\n\n## Evidence needed\n\nYou may need to prove your identity by sending both:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- your passport (which must be valid)", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a trainee social worker. I am currently studying an approved undergraduate social work degree, which is not employment based. I do not receive funding from my employer.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible for a social work bursary?" + }, + { + "id": "train-584", + "question": "Scenario: I pay my tax quarterly and through bank transfer, but I am in a financial crisis. I have more debts than funds available to me. I already have a County Court Judgement against me.\n\nQuestion: Can I delay my tax payments whilst I await expected funds to arrive?\n\nDocument - Pay employers' PAYE:\n## Overview\n\nYou must pay your PAYE bill to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by:\n\n- the 22nd of the next tax month if you pay monthly\n\n- the 22nd after the end of the quarter if you pay quarterly - for example, 22 July for the 6 April to 5 July quarter\n\nPay now\n\nIf you pay by cheque through the post the deadline is the 19th of the month.\n\n## What you\u2019re paying\n\nYour PAYE bill may include:\n\n- employee Income Tax deductions\n\n- Class 1 and 1B National Insurance\n\n- Class 1A National Insurance on termination awards and sporting testimonials\n\n- Student Loan repayments\n\n- Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deductions\n\n- your Apprenticeship Levy payments (starting from April 2017) if you, or employers you\u2019re connected to, have an annual pay bill of more than \u00a33 million\n\nYou pay your Class 1A National Insurance on work benefits that you give to your employees separately.\n\nPAYE Settlement Agreements are also paid separately.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HMRC by the deadline. You may have to pay interest and penalties if your payment is late.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- through your online bank account\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society (cash or cheque)\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve already set one up)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set up one before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## Payment booklets\n\nYou\u2019ll need a payment booklet from HMRC to pay at your bank or building society, or by post. If you do not have one, ask HMRC to send it to you.\n\nIf you\u2019re no longer using your payment booklet, you can ask HMRC to stop sending it.\n\nHMRC will automatically stop sending your payment booklet if you make 2 or more electronic payments in a year.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment. This means you\u2019ll need to set up a payment each time you pay HMRC through Direct Debit.\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need your 13-character accounts office reference number to make a payment. You can find this on the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\nThe payments will show on your bank statement as \u2018HMRC NDDS\u2019.\n\n## Early or late payments\n\nMake sure you also enter the correct year and month the payment is for in the separate boxes provided.\n\n## Make an online or telephone bank transfer\n\nYou can make a transfer from your bank account by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n## If your account is overseas\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 13-character accounts office reference number as the payment reference. You can find this on either:\n\n- the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\n- the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Early payments\n\n## If you pay monthly\n\nYou need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay before the 6th of the tax month that payment is due.\n\nWork out the number you need to use.\n\n## If you pay quarterly\n\nYou need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay before the 6th of the second month in the quarter.\n\nWork out the number you need to use.\n\n## Late payments\n\nYou need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay on or after the 5th of the tax month after payment was due. Do this whether you pay monthly or quarterly.\n\nWork out the number you need to use. You use a different tool if the payment was for a previous tax year.\n\n## Multiple PAYE schemes\n\nSend an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single payment via CHAPS for multiple PAYE schemes.\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## Approve a payment through your online bank account\n\nYou can pay your PAYE bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve signed into your HMRC account, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your PAYE payment.\n\nThe payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your employers\u2019 PAYE bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 13-character accounts office reference number as the payment reference. You can find this on the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.\n\n## Early or late payments\n\nMake sure you enter the correct year and month the payment is for in the separate boxes provided.\n\n## Pay for the previous tax year\n\nSelect the previous tax year and \u2018month 12\u2019 for the last tax year. If you do not do this, your payment will go to the current tax year instead.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 13-character accounts office reference number on the back of the cheque. You will find the reference number on the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent to you when you first registered as an employer.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay in using the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have one of these, ask HMRC to send you a payment booklet.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have fewer than 250 employees.\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 13-character Accounts Office reference number on the back of the cheque. You can find this number on the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nInclude the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have this, you can either:\n\n- ask HMRC to send you a payment booklet\n\n- print off a replacement payment slip\n\nYou can only use a replacement payslip to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\nDo not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYou can include a letter with your payment to ask HMRC for a receipt.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nCheck your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account - it should update within 6 working days of making payment.\n\nIf you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.\n\n## Tell HMRC no payment is due\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have not paid any employees for at least one tax month.\n\nYou can tell HMRC by filling in an Employer Payment Summary (EPS).\n\nYou must send it by the 19th of the month following the tax month when no employees were paid.\n\nIf you do not send an EPS, HMRC will send you a notice estimating how much you owe. You may have to pay a penalty.\n\n## Telling HMRC in advance\n\nYou can tell HMRC that you will not pay any employees up to 12 months in advance.\n\nContractors in the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) who have no payments to make need to tell HMRC through a CIS return and a EPS. CIS contractors with payments to make only need to file a CIS return.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I pay my tax quarterly and through bank transfer, but I am in a financial crisis. I have more debts than funds available to me. I already have a County Court Judgement against me.", + "original_question": "Can I delay my tax payments whilst I await expected funds to arrive?" + }, + { + "id": "train-586", + "question": "Scenario: We have an employee threatening an unfair dismissal claim. Their employment started on the 8th January 2017. They were dismissed one and a half years ago.\n\nQuestion: Are they still able to raise au unfair dismissal claim after this time?\n\nDocument - Dismissing staff:\n## Overview\n\nDismissal is when you end an employee\u2019s contract. When dismissing staff, you must do it fairly.\n\nThere are different types of dismissal:\n\n- fair dismissal\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n- constructive dismissal\n\n- wrongful dismissal\n\nIf you\u2019ve had to dismiss staff because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to re-employ them and pay their wages through the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme.\n\n## Fair and unfair dismissal\n\nA dismissal is fair or unfair depending on:\n\n- your reason for it\n\n- how you act during the dismissal process\n\n## Constructive dismissal\n\nThis is when an employee resigns because you\u2019ve breached their employment contract. This could be a single serious event or a series of less serious events.\n\nAn employee could claim constructive dismissal if you:\n\n- cut their wages without agreement\n\n- unlawfully demote them\n\n- allow them to be harassed, bullied or discriminated against\n\n- unfairly increase their workload\n\n- change the location of their workplace at short notice\n\n- make them work in dangerous conditions\n\nA constructive dismissal is not necessarily unfair - but it would be difficult for you to show that a breach of contract was fair.\n\nA constructive dismissal might lead to a claim for wrongful dismissal.\n\n## Wrongful dismissal\n\nThis is where you break the terms of an employee\u2019s contract in the dismissal process, for example dismissing someone without giving them proper notice.\n\nWrongful dismissal is not the same as unfair dismissal.\n\nIf an employee thinks you\u2019ve dismissed them unfairly, constructively or wrongfully, they might take you to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Fair dismissals\n\nYou must have a valid reason for dismissing an employee. Valid reasons include:\n\n- their capability or conduct\n\n- redundancy\n\n- something that prevents them from legally being able to do their job, for example a driver losing their driving licence\n\nThere could be other fair reasons too - these are sometimes called \u2018other substantial reasons\u2019.\n\n## Acting reasonably\n\nEven if you have a fair reason, the dismissal is only fair if you also act reasonably during the dismissal and disciplinary process.\n\nThere\u2019s no legal definition of \u2018reasonableness\u2019, but if you\u2019re taken to an employment or industrial tribunal they would consider whether you:\n\n- genuinely believed that the reason was fair\n\n- carried out proper investigations where appropriate\n\n- followed the relevant procedures\n\n- told the employee why they were being considered for dismissal and listened to their views (in Northern Ireland, the employer must do this in writing)\n\n- allowed the employee to be accompanied at disciplinary/dismissal hearings\n\n- gave the employee the chance to appeal\n\nReasonableness might also depend on whether the employee could be expected to understand the consequences of their behaviour.\n\n## Dismissal and disciplinary procedures\n\nYou must set out your dismissal and disciplinary rules and procedures in writing - if you do not, a tribunal can order you to pay an employee compensation.\n\n## Summary dismissal\n\nThis is when you dismiss someone instantly without notice or pay in lieu of notice, usually because of gross misconduct (for example theft, fraud, violence).\n\nTribunals may rule a summary dismissal as \u2018procedurally unfair\u2019 - you can only suspend someone without pay if their contract says you can do this. If it does not, you should suspend the employee on full pay and investigate the circumstances.\n\nIf you feel summary dismissal\u2019s your only choice, you must still follow a fair procedure as you would do for any other disciplinary matter.\n\n## Unfair dismissals\n\nEven if you think you\u2019ve dismissed someone fairly, they could still claim unfair dismissal against you if they think that:\n\n- the reason you gave for the dismissal was not the real one\n\n- the reason was unfair\n\n- you acted unreasonably, for example by failing to give them plenty of warning about their dismissal\n\n## Automatically unfair reasons for dismissal\n\nEven if you\u2019ve acted reasonably, some reasons for dismissal are classed automatically unfair. These are to do with the following areas:\n\n- pregnancy, including all reasons relating to maternity\n\n- family, including parental leave, paternity leave (birth and adoption), adoption leave or time off for dependants\n\n- acting as an employee representative\n\n- acting as a trade union representative\n\n- acting as an occupational pension scheme trustee\n\n- joining or not joining a trade union\n\n- being a part-time or fixed-term employee\n\n- pay and working hours, including the Working Time Regulations, annual leave and the National Minimum Wage\n\n- whistleblowing\n\nCompulsory retirement on the grounds of age is unlawful unfair dismissal unless you can objectively justify it - but you could be challenged at a tribunal.\n\n## Industrial action\n\nIt\u2019s automatically unfair to dismiss someone for taking part in official (\u2018lawful\u2019) industrial action:\n\n- in the 12-week period from the day the industrial action starts\n\n- if the action lasts longer than 12 weeks and you have not taken reasonable steps to resolve the dispute\n\nOnly an employment or industrial tribunal can decide whether or not you\u2019ve taken reasonable steps to resolve a dispute.\n\nIf you \u2018lock out\u2019 employees taking industrial action, the days of the lock-out are not included in the calculation of the 12-week protected period.\n\nA lock-out is where you prevent employees from getting to their workplace, for example by locking the doors.\n\n## Disability\n\nIf a disabled employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them.\n\n## Political beliefs and groups\n\nIt is not automatically unfair to dismiss someone because of their political beliefs or political groups they belong to, but a tribunal might find this unfair.\n\nThere\u2019s no longer a qualifying period for someone going to an employment tribunal if they\u2019ve been dismissed because of political opinions or affiliation. This applies to anyone dismissed from 25 June 2013.\n\n## Penalties for unfair dismissals\n\nIf a tribunal finds that an employee has been unfairly dismissed, you might be ordered to:\n\n- reinstate them (give them their job back)\n\n- re-engage them (re-employ them in a different job)\n\nYou might also have to pay compensation, which depends on the employee\u2019s:\n\n- age\n\n- gross weekly pay\n\n- length of service\n\nYou might have to pay extra compensation if you do not follow a tribunal\u2019s order to reinstate someone.\n\nThere\u2019s a limit on the amount a tribunal can award for unfair dismissal, apart from in cases relating to:\n\n- health and safety (for example where you unfairly dismiss someone for taking action on health and safety grounds)\n\n- whistleblowing\n\n## Eligibility to claim unfair dismissal\n\nEmployees can only claim unfair dismissal if they\u2019ve worked for a qualifying period - unless they\u2019re claiming for an automatically unfair reason.\n\n| Date employment started | When the employee can claim |\n\n| Before 6 April 2012 | After first year of employment |\n\n| After 6 April 2012 | After 2 years of employment |\n\n## Who cannot claim unfair dismissal\n\nThe right to complain to a tribunal about unfair dismissal is not available to:\n\n- self-employed people\n\n- independent contractors\n\n- members of the armed forces\n\n- employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) in Northern Ireland\n\n- employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through a \u2018settlement agreement\u2019 or \u2018compromise agreement\u2019 after taking legal advice\n\n- employees employed under an illegal contract, for example a barman under the age of 18\n\n- employees covered by a dismissal procedure agreement that\u2019s been legally exempted from the unfair dismissal rules\n\n- employees taking part in unofficial industrial action (unless the dismissal is for an automatically unfair reason)\n\n- police officers (unless the dismissal relates to health and safety or whistleblowing)\n\n- those working on a fishing vessel and paid by a share in the profits or gross earnings of the vessel\n\n## Dismissals for conduct or performance reasons\n\nYou can dismiss an employee if:\n\n- they\u2019re incapable of doing their job to the required standard\n\n- they\u2019re capable, but unwilling to do their job properly\n\n- they\u2019ve committed some form of misconduct\n\nIf you want to dismiss someone, there\u2019s no specific process you must go through by law - as long as you do it fairly.\n\nIf a capability issue is linked to someone\u2019s health, you should try as many ways as possible to help them do their job before dismissing them.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures\n\nYou should include examples of what you consider to be misconduct in your disciplinary rules.\n\nDifferent disciplinary procedures are appropriate for different circumstances.\n\nEmployees have the right to be accompanied to all disciplinary meetings and to appeal to a manager. Keep notes of all meetings and give copies to the employee.\n\n## Misconduct\n\nMisconduct can include things like persistent lateness or unauthorised absence from work.\n\nTo make sure the dismissal is fair when misconduct is not \u2018serious\u2019 or \u2018gross\u2019:\n\n- Arrange a meeting with the employee, telling them the reason for it. At the meeting, give them a chance to explain and issue a first written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. In the warning, tell them how you expect them to improve and over what period - warn them that if they do not improve enough, you\u2019ll give them a final written warning.\n\n- Hold a second meeting if their performance or behaviour has not improved enough by the deadline - give them a chance to explain and issue a final written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. Revise the action plan with timescales for improvement and warn them that you\u2019ll consider dismissal if there\u2019s no improvement.\n\n- Hold a third meeting if their performance or behaviour is still not up to standard by these new deadlines. Warn them that dismissal is now possible. After the meeting - or appeal if there is one - decide whether to give the employee a further chance to improve, or dismiss them. You must tell the employee of your final decision, whatever it is.\n\n## Serious misconduct\n\nYou can issue a single \u2018first and final\u2019 written warning if the misconduct or underperformance is serious enough. Explain that not improving could lead to dismissal. \u2018Serious enough\u2019 includes if it\u2019s likely to or has caused serious harm to the organisation itself.\n\n## Gross misconduct\n\nGross misconduct can include things like theft, physical violence, gross negligence or serious insubordination.\n\nWith gross misconduct, you can dismiss the employee immediately as long as you follow a fair procedure. You should investigate the incident and give the employee a chance to respond before deciding to dismiss them.\n\n## One-off incidents\n\nAn informal discussion may be enough to resolve the issue if the misconduct or underperformance was a one-off and the employee has a good disciplinary record.\n\n## Dismissals due to illness\n\nSometimes an employee may have to stop working because of long-term ill health. They may resign, or you may have to consider dismissing them.\n\n## Considering dismissing an employee\n\nDismissal is a last resort and you should consider as many ways as possible to help the employee back to work, including:\n\n- getting a medical report from their GP with the employee\u2019s permission - they have the right to see the report before you do\n\n- arranging an occupational health assessment\n\n- work out whether or not they\u2019re disabled and make any reasonable adjustments to help them do their job\n\nIf the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.\n\n## How to dismiss someone\n\nDuring the dismissal procedure, make sure you act fairly and reasonably. You must treat the employee with sensitivity.\n\nYour procedure should follow the advice set out in the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) code of practice, or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) code of practice for Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you do not follow the code and are taken to an employment or industrial tribunal, you may have to pay compensation.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We have an employee threatening an unfair dismissal claim. Their employment started on the 8th January 2017. They were dismissed one and a half years ago.", + "original_question": "Are they still able to raise au unfair dismissal claim after this time?" + }, + { + "id": "train-587", + "question": "Scenario: I run a lucrative business and have an employee who has been off sick for the last twenty seven weeks. Their SSP is due to end very soon.\n\nQuestion: My employee is a long term employee and highly valued. Can I voluntarily pay more money to them even though it's due to stop?\n\nDocument - Statutory Sick Pay (SSP): employer guide:\n## Overview\n\nYour employees may be eligible for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP), which is \u00a396.35 a week for up to 28 weeks.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou can offer more if you have a company sick pay scheme (you cannot offer less). Company schemes are also called \u2018contractual\u2019 or \u2018occupational\u2019 sick pay and must be included in an employment contract.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to Statutory Sick Pay if you\u2019re an employee.\n\n## If your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou must pay an employee SSP if they\u2019re self-isolating and off work for at least 4 days and any of the following apply:\n\n- they or someone they live with has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- they\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve been in contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- someone in their support bubble (or your \u2018extended household\u2019 if you live in Scotland or Wales) has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- they\u2019ve been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\nYou must pay your employee from the first \u2018qualifying day\u2019 they\u2019re off work. The date will depend on why they\u2019re off work.\n\nYou must pay them on or after one of the following dates:\n\n- 13 March 2020 - if they or someone they live with has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- 28 May 2020 - if your employee has been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- 6 July 2020 - if someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- 26 August 2020 - if your employee has been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\nA \u2018qualifying day\u2019 is a day an employee usually works on.\n\n## Reclaiming SSP\n\nYou can reclaim up to 2 weeks\u2019 SSP if all of the following apply:\n\n- your employee was off work because they had COVID-19 or were self-isolating\n\n- your employee was off work because they were shielding - before 26 April 2021 in Scotland, before 12 April 2021 in Northern Ireland and before 1 April 2021 in England and Wales\n\n- your PAYE payroll scheme started on or before 28 February 2020\n\n- you had fewer than 250 employees on 28 February 2020\n\nYou can reclaim up to \u00a396.35 a week for each employee.\n\nYou cannot reclaim SSP if your employee is off sick for any other reason.\n\nFind out what other support you can get if your business is affected by COVID-19.\n\n## Holiday (or \u2018annual leave\u2019)\n\nStatutory annual leave is accrued while the employee is off work sick (no matter how long they\u2019re off) and can be taken during sick leave.\n\n## Entitlement\n\nThe weekly rate for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is \u00a396.35 for up to 28 weeks. It is paid:\n\n- for the days an employee normally works - called \u2018qualifying days\u2019\n\n- in the same way as wages, for example on the normal payday, deducting tax and National insurance\n\nUse the SSP calculator to work out the actual amount, for example for a daily rate.\n\nSome employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement. You may still have to pay SSP even if you stop trading.\n\nYou cannot force your employees to take annual leave when they\u2019re eligible for sick leave.\n\n## When to start paying SSP\n\nSSP is paid when the employee is sick for at least 4 days in a row (including non-working days).\n\nYou cannot count a day as a sick day if an employee has worked for a minute or more before they go home sick.\n\nIf an employee works a shift that ends the day after it started and becomes sick during the shift or after it has finished, the second day will count as a sick day.\n\n## If your employee is off sick or self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19) or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\nFrom 13 March 2020 you start paying SSP from the first \u2018qualifying day\u2019 an employee is off work, as long as they are off for at least 4 days in a row. This includes non-working days.\n\nIf an employee was off sick with COVID-19 symptoms before 13 March, you start paying SSP from the fourth qualifying day.\n\nIf an employee was self-isolating before 13 March because someone they live with had symptoms, you start paying SSP from 13 March.\n\nIf an employee is self-isolating because they\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, you start paying SSP from 28 May.\n\nIf an employee was self-isolating before 6 July because someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) but not their own household had symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19, you start paying SSP from 6 July.\n\nIf an employee is self-isolating because they\u2019ve been advised to do so by a doctor or healthcare professional before going into hospital for surgery, you start paying SSP from 26 August.\n\n## When to stop paying SSP\n\nSSP stops when the employee comes back to work or no longer qualifies.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep records of SSP you\u2019ve paid to an employee who was off work because of COVID-19 if you want to reclaim it.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep the following records for 3 years after the end of the tax year you paid SSP:\n\n- the dates the employee was off sick\n\n- which of those dates were qualifying days\n\n- the reason they said they were off work\n\n- the employee\u2019s National Insurance number\n\nYou do not need to keep records of SSP paid to employees who are off sick for another reason.\n\nYou can choose how you keep records of your employees\u2019 sickness absence. HMRC may need to see these records if there\u2019s a dispute over payment of SSP.\n\n## Eligibility and form SSP1\n\nTo qualify for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) employees must:\n\n- have an employment contract\n\n- have done some work under their contract\n\n- have been sick for 4 or more days in a row (including non-working days) - known as a \u2018period of incapacity for work\u2019\n\n- earn an average of at least \u00a3120 per week\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- give you proof of their illness, only after 7 days off\n\nEmployees who have been paid less than 8 weeks of earnings still qualify for SSP. Use the sick pay calculator to work out how much to pay them.\n\nAn employee\u2019s period of incapacity for work is not interrupted if they take annual leave during that time.\n\nEmployees can qualify for sick pay from more than one job.\n\nThey could also qualify in one job but be fit for work in another, for example if one job is physical work that they cannot do while ill but the other is office-based.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) eligibility\n\nYour employees qualify for SSP if they meet the criteria and cannot work if any of the following apply:\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 13 March 2020 because they or someone they live with had COVID-19 or symptoms of COVID-19\n\n- started self-isolating on or after 28 May 2020 because they were notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 6 July 2020 because someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) but not their own household had symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- have tested positive for COVID-19 since 5 August 2020\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 26 August because they had been advised to do so by a doctor or healthcare professional before going into hospital for surgery\n\nEmployees will not qualify for SSP if they are self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK, and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nEmployees do not qualify for SSP if they:\n\n- have received the maximum amount of SSP (28 weeks)\n\n- are getting Statutory Maternity Pay or Maternity Allowance - there are special rules for pregnant women and new mothers who do not get these payments\n\n- are off work for a pregnancy-related illness in the 4 weeks before the week (Sunday to Saturday) that their baby is due\n\n- were in custody or on strike on the first day of sickness (including any linked periods)\n\n- are working outside the EU and you\u2019re not liable for their National Insurance contributions\n\n- received Employment and Support Allowance within 12 weeks of starting or returning to work for you\n\nUse the SSP calculator to check eligibility.\n\n## Linked periods of sickness\n\nIf your employee has regular periods of sickness, they may count as \u2018linked\u2019. To be linked, the periods must:\n\n- last 4 or more days each\n\n- be 8 weeks or less apart\n\nYour employee is no longer eligible for SSP if they have a continuous series of linked periods that lasts more than 3 years.\n\n## If an employee is not eligible or their SSP ends\n\nEmployees may be able to apply for Universal Credit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA). They use form SSP1 to support their application.\n\nIf your employee\u2019s SSP is ending you must send them form SSP1 either:\n\n- within 7 days of their SSP ending, if it ends unexpectedly while they\u2019re still sick\n\n- on or before the beginning of the 23rd week, if their SSP is expected to end before their sickness does\n\nIf your employee does not qualify for SSP you must send them form SSP1 within 7 days of them going off sick.\n\nIf your employee thinks this is unfair, they can appeal to HMRC - the form tells them how to do this.\n\n## Long-term illness\n\nYou can complete form SSP1 before the end of SSP if you know an employee will be off sick for more than 28 weeks. This means they can apply for ESA before their SSP comes to an end.\n\n## Notice and fit notes\n\n## Notice\n\nThe employee should tell you they\u2019re sick within the time limit set by you, or 7 days if you do not have one. You cannot:\n\n- insist they tell you in person or on a special form\n\n- ask them for proof of their sickness until they have been off for 7 days (including non-working days)\n\nYou do not have to pay Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) for any days the employee was late in telling you (unless there\u2019s a good reason for the delay).\n\n## If an employee was shielding because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nShielding has stopped in the UK.\n\nAn employee can no longer apply for a new shielding note or a replacement shielding note.\n\n## Fit notes and asking for proof\n\nAfter 7 days off sick (including non-working days) you can ask the employee for proof of their sickness. This could be:\n\n- an isolation note from NHS 111 - if they are self-isolating and cannot work because of COVID-19\n\n- the notification from the NHS or public health authorities if they are self-isolating because they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- a letter or shielding note that they got from their doctor or health authority, or the government, advising them to shield\n\n- a letter from their doctor or healthcare professional confirming the date of their procedure if they\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- a fit note from their doctor or a hospital (sometimes called a sick note) - if they have any other illness\n\nIf you agree, they can give you a report from a physiotherapist, podiatrist or occupational therapist, (called an Allied Health Professional (AHP) Health and Work report).\n\nYou cannot withhold SSP if the employee is late sending you a fit note or isolation note.\n\nIf your employee is off sick frequently or for a long time, HMRC has information about getting medical advice.\n\n## Help with sick pay\n\n## Reclaiming Statutory Sick Pay\n\nYou may be able to reclaim Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) if your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you\u2019re insolvent\n\nHMRC will pay SSP for any employee who continues to work for you if they were sick when you became insolvent. Tell your employee to contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.\n\nIf their sickness continues and you terminate their contract, give them a completed SSP1 form so they can claim Employment and Support Allowance instead.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a lucrative business and have an employee who has been off sick for the last twenty seven weeks. Their SSP is due to end very soon.", + "original_question": "My employee is a long term employee and highly valued. Can I voluntarily pay more money to them even though it's due to stop?" + }, + { + "id": "train-588", + "question": "Scenario: I run a small business which has only just been managing to keep afloat the last five years. Now three thirds of my workforce are off sick with covid and I simply cannot afford to pay them SSP.\n\nQuestion: Are the government making an provision for small employer's hit by Covid?\n\nDocument - Statutory Sick Pay (SSP): employer guide:\n## Overview\n\nYour employees may be eligible for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP), which is \u00a396.35 a week for up to 28 weeks.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou can offer more if you have a company sick pay scheme (you cannot offer less). Company schemes are also called \u2018contractual\u2019 or \u2018occupational\u2019 sick pay and must be included in an employment contract.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to Statutory Sick Pay if you\u2019re an employee.\n\n## If your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou must pay an employee SSP if they\u2019re self-isolating and off work for at least 4 days and any of the following apply:\n\n- they or someone they live with has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- they\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve been in contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- someone in their support bubble (or your \u2018extended household\u2019 if you live in Scotland or Wales) has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- they\u2019ve been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\nYou must pay your employee from the first \u2018qualifying day\u2019 they\u2019re off work. The date will depend on why they\u2019re off work.\n\nYou must pay them on or after one of the following dates:\n\n- 13 March 2020 - if they or someone they live with has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- 28 May 2020 - if your employee has been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- 6 July 2020 - if someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- 26 August 2020 - if your employee has been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\nA \u2018qualifying day\u2019 is a day an employee usually works on.\n\n## Reclaiming SSP\n\nYou can reclaim up to 2 weeks\u2019 SSP if all of the following apply:\n\n- your employee was off work because they had COVID-19 or were self-isolating\n\n- your employee was off work because they were shielding - before 26 April 2021 in Scotland, before 12 April 2021 in Northern Ireland and before 1 April 2021 in England and Wales\n\n- your PAYE payroll scheme started on or before 28 February 2020\n\n- you had fewer than 250 employees on 28 February 2020\n\nYou can reclaim up to \u00a396.35 a week for each employee.\n\nYou cannot reclaim SSP if your employee is off sick for any other reason.\n\nFind out what other support you can get if your business is affected by COVID-19.\n\n## Holiday (or \u2018annual leave\u2019)\n\nStatutory annual leave is accrued while the employee is off work sick (no matter how long they\u2019re off) and can be taken during sick leave.\n\n## Entitlement\n\nThe weekly rate for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is \u00a396.35 for up to 28 weeks. It is paid:\n\n- for the days an employee normally works - called \u2018qualifying days\u2019\n\n- in the same way as wages, for example on the normal payday, deducting tax and National insurance\n\nUse the SSP calculator to work out the actual amount, for example for a daily rate.\n\nSome employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement. You may still have to pay SSP even if you stop trading.\n\nYou cannot force your employees to take annual leave when they\u2019re eligible for sick leave.\n\n## When to start paying SSP\n\nSSP is paid when the employee is sick for at least 4 days in a row (including non-working days).\n\nYou cannot count a day as a sick day if an employee has worked for a minute or more before they go home sick.\n\nIf an employee works a shift that ends the day after it started and becomes sick during the shift or after it has finished, the second day will count as a sick day.\n\n## If your employee is off sick or self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19) or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\nFrom 13 March 2020 you start paying SSP from the first \u2018qualifying day\u2019 an employee is off work, as long as they are off for at least 4 days in a row. This includes non-working days.\n\nIf an employee was off sick with COVID-19 symptoms before 13 March, you start paying SSP from the fourth qualifying day.\n\nIf an employee was self-isolating before 13 March because someone they live with had symptoms, you start paying SSP from 13 March.\n\nIf an employee is self-isolating because they\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, you start paying SSP from 28 May.\n\nIf an employee was self-isolating before 6 July because someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) but not their own household had symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19, you start paying SSP from 6 July.\n\nIf an employee is self-isolating because they\u2019ve been advised to do so by a doctor or healthcare professional before going into hospital for surgery, you start paying SSP from 26 August.\n\n## When to stop paying SSP\n\nSSP stops when the employee comes back to work or no longer qualifies.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep records of SSP you\u2019ve paid to an employee who was off work because of COVID-19 if you want to reclaim it.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep the following records for 3 years after the end of the tax year you paid SSP:\n\n- the dates the employee was off sick\n\n- which of those dates were qualifying days\n\n- the reason they said they were off work\n\n- the employee\u2019s National Insurance number\n\nYou do not need to keep records of SSP paid to employees who are off sick for another reason.\n\nYou can choose how you keep records of your employees\u2019 sickness absence. HMRC may need to see these records if there\u2019s a dispute over payment of SSP.\n\n## Eligibility and form SSP1\n\nTo qualify for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) employees must:\n\n- have an employment contract\n\n- have done some work under their contract\n\n- have been sick for 4 or more days in a row (including non-working days) - known as a \u2018period of incapacity for work\u2019\n\n- earn an average of at least \u00a3120 per week\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- give you proof of their illness, only after 7 days off\n\nEmployees who have been paid less than 8 weeks of earnings still qualify for SSP. Use the sick pay calculator to work out how much to pay them.\n\nAn employee\u2019s period of incapacity for work is not interrupted if they take annual leave during that time.\n\nEmployees can qualify for sick pay from more than one job.\n\nThey could also qualify in one job but be fit for work in another, for example if one job is physical work that they cannot do while ill but the other is office-based.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) eligibility\n\nYour employees qualify for SSP if they meet the criteria and cannot work if any of the following apply:\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 13 March 2020 because they or someone they live with had COVID-19 or symptoms of COVID-19\n\n- started self-isolating on or after 28 May 2020 because they were notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 6 July 2020 because someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) but not their own household had symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- have tested positive for COVID-19 since 5 August 2020\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 26 August because they had been advised to do so by a doctor or healthcare professional before going into hospital for surgery\n\nEmployees will not qualify for SSP if they are self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK, and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nEmployees do not qualify for SSP if they:\n\n- have received the maximum amount of SSP (28 weeks)\n\n- are getting Statutory Maternity Pay or Maternity Allowance - there are special rules for pregnant women and new mothers who do not get these payments\n\n- are off work for a pregnancy-related illness in the 4 weeks before the week (Sunday to Saturday) that their baby is due\n\n- were in custody or on strike on the first day of sickness (including any linked periods)\n\n- are working outside the EU and you\u2019re not liable for their National Insurance contributions\n\n- received Employment and Support Allowance within 12 weeks of starting or returning to work for you\n\nUse the SSP calculator to check eligibility.\n\n## Linked periods of sickness\n\nIf your employee has regular periods of sickness, they may count as \u2018linked\u2019. To be linked, the periods must:\n\n- last 4 or more days each\n\n- be 8 weeks or less apart\n\nYour employee is no longer eligible for SSP if they have a continuous series of linked periods that lasts more than 3 years.\n\n## If an employee is not eligible or their SSP ends\n\nEmployees may be able to apply for Universal Credit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA). They use form SSP1 to support their application.\n\nIf your employee\u2019s SSP is ending you must send them form SSP1 either:\n\n- within 7 days of their SSP ending, if it ends unexpectedly while they\u2019re still sick\n\n- on or before the beginning of the 23rd week, if their SSP is expected to end before their sickness does\n\nIf your employee does not qualify for SSP you must send them form SSP1 within 7 days of them going off sick.\n\nIf your employee thinks this is unfair, they can appeal to HMRC - the form tells them how to do this.\n\n## Long-term illness\n\nYou can complete form SSP1 before the end of SSP if you know an employee will be off sick for more than 28 weeks. This means they can apply for ESA before their SSP comes to an end.\n\n## Notice and fit notes\n\n## Notice\n\nThe employee should tell you they\u2019re sick within the time limit set by you, or 7 days if you do not have one. You cannot:\n\n- insist they tell you in person or on a special form\n\n- ask them for proof of their sickness until they have been off for 7 days (including non-working days)\n\nYou do not have to pay Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) for any days the employee was late in telling you (unless there\u2019s a good reason for the delay).\n\n## If an employee was shielding because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nShielding has stopped in the UK.\n\nAn employee can no longer apply for a new shielding note or a replacement shielding note.\n\n## Fit notes and asking for proof\n\nAfter 7 days off sick (including non-working days) you can ask the employee for proof of their sickness. This could be:\n\n- an isolation note from NHS 111 - if they are self-isolating and cannot work because of COVID-19\n\n- the notification from the NHS or public health authorities if they are self-isolating because they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- a letter or shielding note that they got from their doctor or health authority, or the government, advising them to shield\n\n- a letter from their doctor or healthcare professional confirming the date of their procedure if they\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- a fit note from their doctor or a hospital (sometimes called a sick note) - if they have any other illness\n\nIf you agree, they can give you a report from a physiotherapist, podiatrist or occupational therapist, (called an Allied Health Professional (AHP) Health and Work report).\n\nYou cannot withhold SSP if the employee is late sending you a fit note or isolation note.\n\nIf your employee is off sick frequently or for a long time, HMRC has information about getting medical advice.\n\n## Help with sick pay\n\n## Reclaiming Statutory Sick Pay\n\nYou may be able to reclaim Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) if your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you\u2019re insolvent\n\nHMRC will pay SSP for any employee who continues to work for you if they were sick when you became insolvent. Tell your employee to contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.\n\nIf their sickness continues and you terminate their contract, give them a completed SSP1 form so they can claim Employment and Support Allowance instead.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a small business which has only just been managing to keep afloat the last five years. Now three thirds of my workforce are off sick with covid and I simply cannot afford to pay them SSP.", + "original_question": "Are the government making an provision for small employer's hit by Covid?" + }, + { + "id": "train-589", + "question": "Scenario: We have received a DEO for one of our employees. We have completed deducting NDR, but have found it brings the employee beneath their PER.\n\nQuestion: Should we deduct less so that it does not take the employee below their PER?\n\nDocument - Make child maintenance deductions from an employee's pay:\n## Overview\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service can ask you to:\n\n- give information about your employee so they can work out the right amount of child maintenance\n\n- set up a deduction from earnings order (DEO)\n\n- answer enquiries from other organisations who collect payments of child maintenance on their behalf\n\nYou may also be given an attachment of earnings order (AEO) by a court.\n\n## Your legal obligations when deducting child maintenance\n\nBy law, you must:\n\n- give information to the Child Maintenance Service if you\u2019re asked to\n\n- send payments as soon as possible, to arrive no later than the 19th day of the month following the month you made the deduction\n\n- tell the Child Maintenance Service immediately if there are any problems with taking payments from a paying parent\u2019s earnings\n\n- make regular payments - if you do not send payments and do not explain why, you could be taken to court\n\nThe paying parent is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\nYou must report a change of circumstances to the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days. For example, if:\n\n- an employee leaves your business\n\n- you\u2019re asked to set up a deduction from earnings order (DEO) for someone who does not work for you\n\nYou can report changes online or by phone.\n\n## Use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\nIf you\u2019ve ever managed a case through the Child Maintenance Service, you can register for the online service. The service lets you:\n\n- see all deductions\n\n- report and make changes\n\n- send messages\n\n- see important information you\u2019ve been sent\n\n## Call the Child Maintenance Service\n\nYou can call the Child Maintenance Service if you have questions or need to report a change.\n\n## Deduction from earnings orders (DEOs)\n\nDeduction from earnings orders (DEOs) are a way of collecting child maintenance directly from a paying parent\u2019s earnings or pension.\n\nThe paying parent is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\n## When you\u2019ll get a DEO\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a deduction from earnings order (DEO) if one of your employees is a paying parent who:\n\n- chooses to pay child maintenance direct from their earnings\n\n- does not pay child maintenance owed\n\n- does not pay the correct amount\n\n- does not pay on time\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou must deduct the amount of child maintenance stated on the DEO from your employee\u2019s net earnings or their pension and pay it to the Child Maintenance Service. This will include any arrears that are due.\n\n## Other court orders against your employee\n\nYou could get a DEO from the Child Maintenance Service and an attachment of earnings order (AEO) from a court.\n\n## How to calculate deductions\n\nThe deduction from earnings order (DEO) will show 2 rates.\n\n| Rate | What it means |\n\n| Normal deduction rate (NDR) | The amount your employee owes in child maintenance. You\u2019ll deduct this from their pay. |\n\n| Protected earnings rate (PER) or protected earnings proportion (PEP) | The minimum pay you must make sure your employee takes home after all deductions have been made. |\n\nThe PER applies to cases opened before 3 March 2003. The PEP applies to cases opened from 3 March 2003.\n\nYou must make sure that your deduction leaves your employee with the amount of their protected earnings, unless the deduction is for administrative costs.\n\n## How much to deduct\n\nYou may not always be able to deduct the full NDR from your employee\u2019s pay.\n\nThis depends on how much they have left in net earnings once you\u2019ve taken in account their PER or PEP.\n\nYou can deduct up to \u00a31 for administration costs.\n\n## If you cannot deduct the full NDR\n\nYou must:\n\n- keep a record of the shortfall\n\n- carry forward the shortfall to the next period\n\n- send any deduction you\u2019ve been able to make to the court or Child Maintenance Service\n\nYou then deduct the full amount of the shortfall plus the NDR owed for the next pay period. You must still leave your employee with the PER or PEP.\n\nIf the shortfall is carried forward for several weeks before being repaid, keep a record of the ongoing shortfall.\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service or court may need to review an NDR if an employee consistently cannot pay it.\n\n## If you pay your employee holiday pay in advance\n\nYou\u2019ll have to:\n\n- calculate your employee\u2019s total net earnings for the pay period\n\n- multiply the PER or PEP and the NDR by the number of weeks in the pay period\n\n- set aside the combined PER or PEP and take off the combined NDR in the usual way\n\n## If you get more than one DEO or AEO for an employee\n\nSometimes a paying parent has more than one case and is paying child maintenance for children by different receiving parents.\n\nThe receiving parent has main day-to-day care of the child. The paying parent does not have main day-to-day care.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay AEOs in the order of the date of issue, so you might have to finish deducting payments for one before another.\n\nAEOs for maintenance have to be paid before AEOs for civil debts.\n\n## What counts as earnings\n\nA deduction from earnings order (DEO) or an attachment of earnings order (AEO) can only be made from the following earnings:\n\n- wages, fees, bonus, commission, overtime pay or any payments on top of wages\n\n- private or occupational pensions and compensation payments\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- contractual sick pay\n\n- contractual maternity pay\n\n- contractual paternity pay\n\n- contractual adoption pay\n\n- contractual redundancy pay\n\nStatutory pay is money that your employees are entitled to by law. Contractual pay is what you agree with your employees over and above statutory pay.\n\n## What does not count as earnings\n\nYour employee cannot pay child maintenance by DEO or AEO if their only earnings are in the following categories:\n\n- amounts paid by a public department of the government of Northern Ireland or any country outside the UK\n\n- any social security pension, allowance or benefit\n\n- tax credits\n\n- any pension or allowance paid for disability\n\n- guaranteed minimum pension within the Social Security Pensions Act 1975\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\n## Make DEO payments\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you do not pay the amount on a deduction from earnings order (DEO).\n\nYou can make\u00a0DEO\u00a0payments by using the Banks Automated Clearing System (BACS). The Child Maintenance Service can help you set it up.\n\n## Pay online\n\nYou can manage your Child Maintenance Service payments online.\n\nYou should send a single bulk BACS payment for all the employees you make a deduction from. You\u2019ll get a monthly schedule.\n\n## Pay by other methods\n\nYou can also pay by:\n\n- internet banking\n\n- telephone banking\n\n- cheque (made payable to \u2018The Child Maintenance Service\u2019)\n\n## Account details to use\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name | Account code | Transaction code |\n\n| 60 70 80 | 10026584 | DWP CMG Employers | 0 | 99 |\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give the employer reference number. It will be a 12 digit number starting with 5.\n\n## When to pay\n\nYou should send a payment to the Child Maintenance Service so it gets there no later than the 19th day of the month following the month that you took it.\n\nYou and your employee will be sent a letter every year to remind you how much must be paid and when.\n\n## Deductions for administrative costs\n\nYou can take up to \u00a31 towards administrative costs for each deduction, on top of the amount asked for on the DEO. You can take it even if it reduces your employee\u2019s income below the protected earnings proportion or protected earnings rate.\n\n## Inform your employee\n\nYou must inform your employee in writing about each deduction when they are given their pay statement. Include the amount (if any) you deduct towards your expenses.\n\nIf pay statements are not usually given, you should inform your employee in writing. You should do this no later than the employee\u2019s pay day after the deduction was made.\n\n## If you pay the wrong amount\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if you find a mistake in the amount you\u2019ve paid. You can either:\n\n- use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\n- call the employer payment team\n\n## Change of circumstances for DEOs\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if your employee\u2019s circumstances change.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\n- call the employer helpline\n\nIf your business stops trading, or if your employee leaves your employment, you must tell the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days.\n\nYou should also tell them if your employee changes their hours.\n\nYou and your employee will be sent a revised deduction from earnings order (DEO).\n\n## If the Child Maintenance Service cancels a DEO\n\nThey will write to you and your employee to tell you the DEO has been cancelled. They will ask you to stop taking deductions from the date of the letter.\n\nYou must only stop taking deductions if you\u2019re told in writing.\n\n## If you do not help with DEOs or AEOs\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3250 or sent to prison for up to 14 days if you do not do what an attachment of earnings order (AEO) says you should do.\n\nIf you\u2019ve got a deduction from earnings order (DEO) it\u2019s an offence to:\n\n- not provide information when it\u2019s required\n\n- make a false statement or representation\n\n- knowingly provide false information\n\n- delay or obstruct an inspector on purpose\n\n- refuse or fail to answer any questions or supply any information or to produce any document when it\u2019s asked for\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service sometimes sends inspectors to interview \u2018paying parents\u2019 at work. You must let them interview your employee.\n\nThe \u2018paying parent\u2019 is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re found guilty of any of these offences.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-for-employers", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We have received a DEO for one of our employees. We have completed deducting NDR, but have found it brings the employee beneath their PER.", + "original_question": "Should we deduct less so that it does not take the employee below their PER?" + }, + { + "id": "train-592", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Lucy is a French national. She has been living in the UK for the last 4 years and has pre-settled status. She has been accepted for a full time university BSc degree offer which starts in September 2021..\n\nQuestion: Can she apply for a tuition fee loan?\n\nDocument - Student finance:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be able to borrow money to help pay for university or college tuition fees and to help with living costs.\n\nYou might get extra money on top of this, for example if you\u2019re on a low income, are disabled or have children.\n\nIf you\u2019re a continuing student or you\u2019ve already created an account, log in to your account.\n\n## Before you apply\n\nYou start repaying once you earn over a certain amount. The size of your monthly repayments will depend on how much you earn, not what you owe.\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest on the loan from the day you take it out. The terms and conditions can change.\n\nThe rules are different if your course started before September 2012.\n\nRead the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFind out how to apply for student finance.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 25 and have no contact with your parents, you might be able to apply as an \u2018estranged student\u2019.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re a student from Scotland, Wales, or Northern Ireland. Contact the education authority if you live in the Channel Islands (Jersey and Guernsey) or Isle of Man.\n\nYou can give someone permission to act on your behalf (for example using Power of Attorney) if you want them to apply for you.\n\n## New full-time students\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and Maintenance Loan if your course starts on or after 1 August 2016.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\nIf you\u2019re studying an accelerated degree course, you could get up to \u00a311,100.\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nYou may have to give details of your household income.\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Living at home | Up to 7,747 | Up to \u00a37,987 |\n\n| Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a39,203 | Up to \u00a39,488 |\n\n| Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a312,010 | Up to \u00a312,382 |\n\n| You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a310,539 | Up to \u00a310,866 |\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance. You might need evidence of any changes.\n\nIf you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course you can apply for up to \u00a34,014.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to estimate your Maintenance Loan.\n\n## Applying during coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nRead the guidance for students during coronavirus for more information about:\n\n- changes in your household income\n\n- self-isolation stopping you from posting evidence\n\n- contacting the Student Loans Company\n\n## Coronavirus and maintenance loans\n\nYou do not need to tell SLC if your course has moved online, as long as your living arrangements stay the same. If they have changed, you must update your address in your online account.\n\n## Extra help with travel costs\n\nYou might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home. If you\u2019re a medical or dental student you might also qualify for help with the costs of attending clinical placements in the UK.\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n## Continuing full-time students\n\nWhat you\u2019re eligible for depends on when your course starts.\n\nYou may also be able to get extra help.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2016\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and a Maintenance Loan if your course starts on or after 1 August 2016.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nYou may have to give details of your household income.\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Living at home | Up to 7,747 | Up to \u00a37,987 |\n\n| Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a39,203 | Up to \u00a39,488 |\n\n| Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a312,010 | Up to \u00a312,382 |\n\n| You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a310,539 | Up to \u00a310,866 |\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements, including if you\u2019re no longer studying abroad in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance.\n\nIf you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course you can apply for up to \u00a34,014.\n\nIn your final year, you\u2019ll receive less money than you did in previous years.\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2016\n\nYou can apply for grants and loans if your course started before 1 August 2016.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nStudents aged 60 and over cannot apply. You may have to give details of your household income.\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements, including if you\u2019re no longer studying abroad in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Living at home | Up to \u00a35,247 | Up to \u00a35,410 |\n\n| Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a36,597 | Up to \u00a36,802 |\n\n| Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a39,205 | Up to \u00a39,490 |\n\n| You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a37,838 | Up to \u00a38,081 |\n\nIn your final year, you\u2019ll receive less money than you did in previous years.\n\n## Maintenance Grant for living costs\n\nYou have to give details of your household income and your course start date.\n\nThe grant is paid into your bank account at the start of each term. You do not have to pay it back, but any funds you get will reduce the Maintenance Loan you can get.\n\n## Special Support Grant\n\nYou may get a Special Support Grant instead of a Maintenance Grant if you get or qualify for:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- the housing element of Universal Credit\n\nThe amount you get is the same as the Maintenance Grant, but it will not reduce the Maintenance Loan you can get.\n\nYou may get the Special Support Grant if, for example, you\u2019re a lone parent or have certain disabilities.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you can get the grant when you apply for student finance.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Help with the costs of studying abroad\n\nYou might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home. If you\u2019re a medical or dental student you might also qualify for help with the costs of attending clinical placements in the UK.\n\n## Help during coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nRead the guidance for students during coronavirus for more information, including if:\n\n- your university or college is shut\n\n- your household income changes\n\n- you\u2019ll need to repeat or extend your studies\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n## Part-time students\n\nYou may be able to get a loan if your part-time course has a \u2018course intensity\u2019 of 25% or more.\n\n\u2018Course intensity\u2019 measures how much of your course you complete each year compared to an equivalent full-time course.\n\nYou can work this out by comparing your module credits with the number of module credits a full-time student will study. You\u2019ll be asked how many credits you\u2019ll study when you apply for the loan.\n\nCheck with your university or college if you\u2019re not sure.\n\nWhat you can apply for depends on when your course starts.\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance. You might need evidence of any changes.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and a Maintenance Loan.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\nYou can get up to \u00a36,935 in an academic year.\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nHow much you can get depends on:\n\n- where you live while studying\n\n- your household income\n\n- your course intensity\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account 2 weeks after the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\nYou can only apply for a Maintenance Loan as a Distance Learning student if you cannot attend your course in person because of a disability.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to estimate your Maintenance Loan.\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible for a Maintenance Loan if you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2018\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan.\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\nYou can get up to \u00a36,935 in an academic year.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## EU students\n\nYou may be able to get a Tuition Fee Loan and help with living costs if you\u2019re from an EU country, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to see what finance you can get.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\n| Full-time student at a private university or college | Up to \u00a36,165 | Up to \u00a36,165 |\n\n| Part-time student | Up to \u00a36,935 | Up to \u00a36,935 |\n\n| Part-time student at a private university or college | Up to \u00a34,625 | Up to \u00a34,625 |\n\nUse the student finance calculator to estimate your Tuition Fee Loan.\n\n## Help with living costs\n\nYou may be eligible for help with your living costs if both the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in the UK for more than 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course\n\n- you have settled status\n\nAcademic years start on 1 September, 1 January, 1 April or 1 July. Ask someone who runs your course if you do not know which one applies.\n\n## Student Finance from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re\u00a0starting a course\u00a0on\u00a0or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nIf you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study here.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n## Extra help\n\nCheck on the student finance calculator to see what extra help you might be able to get.\n\n## Students on a low income\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\n## Students with children or dependent adults\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- Childcare Grant - full-time students only\n\n- Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance - full-time students only\n\n- Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant - full-time students only\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\n## Disabled students\n\nIf you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (such as dyslexia) you can apply for:\n\n- Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\nYou may also qualify for disability related benefits.\n\n## Medical, social work and teacher training students\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- NHS bursaries if you\u2019re studying certain medical, dentistry or healthcare courses\n\n- help with costs of travel to UK clinical placements if you\u2019re studying a medical, dentistry or healthcare course\n\n- social work bursaries if you\u2019re a social work student\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re a teacher training student\n\n## Students studying abroad\n\nYou might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home.\n\n## Help from your university or college\n\nMany universities and colleges offer extra money directly to students.\n\n## Funding from charitable trusts\n\nUse the Turn2us grant search to check whether you qualify for funding from a charitable trust.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify for student finance depends on:\n\n- your university or college\n\n- your course\n\n- if you\u2019ve studied a higher education course before\n\n- your age\n\n- your nationality or residency status\n\n## Your university or college\n\nThis should be a university, college or other institution that offers a qualifying course.\n\n## Your course\n\nCheck with the university or college that your course is recognised.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying full-time\n\nYou may be eligible for student finance if your course is in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- a Foundation Degree\n\n- a Certificate of Higher Education\n\n- a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)\n\n- a Higher National Certificate (HNC)\n\n- a Higher National Diploma (HND)\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training course\n\n- an integrated master\u2019s degree\n\n- a pre-registration postgraduate healthcare course\n\nCheck on the student finance calculator to find out which loans and grants you could be eligible for.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying part-time\n\nYour course needs a \u2018course intensity\u2019 of 25% or more for you to be eligible for student finance.\n\nYou\u2019ll be eligible for a Tuition Fee Loan if your course is in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- a Foundation Degree\n\n- a Certificate of Higher Education\n\n- a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)\n\n- a Higher National Certificate (HNC)\n\n- a Higher National Diploma (HND)\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training course\n\n- an integrated master\u2019s degree\n\nYou\u2019ll be eligible for a Maintenance Loan if your course is in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training course (if it\u2019s degree level or above)\n\n- an integrated master\u2019s degree\n\n- a Foundation Degree in dental hygiene and dental therapy\n\n- a DipHE in dental hygiene and dental therapy or operating department practice\n\n## If you\u2019ve studied before\n\nYou\u2019ll usually only get student finance if you\u2019re doing your first higher education qualification - even if your previous course was self-funded. You may still be eligible for limited funding in certain circumstances and for some courses.\n\n## If you changed course, stopped your studies or are repeating a year\n\nIf you stopped your course within the first year, you\u2019ll get funding for the same course or a new course when you go back.\n\nYou might also get funding if you:\n\n- suspended your course or withdrew before it finished - and you\u2019re going back to study any course\n\n- are repeating a year of your course at the same university, college, or institution.\n\nIf you stopped your studies for a personal reason (for example, you were ill or pregnant) you might get funding for all of your course - you should apply online with supporting evidence.\n\nYou can calculate the amount you will get by taking the total number of years of the course you are applying for and adding one year. Then take away the number of years you studied for. If you studied for part of a year you should count it as a whole year.\n\n## If you already have a degree\n\nYou may be eligible for limited funding in certain circumstances.\n\nYou may get limited funding if you\u2019re \u2018topping up\u2019 a higher education qualification, for example you\u2019ve finished an HNC, HND or Foundation Degree and now want to do an Honours degree.\n\nYou may also get limited funding if you hold an Honours degree or a higher level of qualification and start a new course. This could be a part-time Honours degree, a joint Honours degree or an Integrated Master\u2019s degree in one of the following (or 2 if it\u2019s a joint Honours degree):\n\n- agriculture and related subjects\n\n- architecture (if it\u2019s a MArch RIBA Part 2 course)\n\n- biological sciences\n\n- computer science\n\n- mathematical sciences\n\n- medicine and allied subjects\n\n- physical sciences\n\n- technologies\n\n- courses leading to qualification as a veterinary surgeon\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re starting a healthcare course on or after 1 August 2017.\n\n## Your age\n\nThere\u2019s no upper age limit for Tuition Fee Loans or grants.\n\n## If you\u2019re 60 or over\n\nYou may get limited funding for Maintenance Loans if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your \ncourse\n\n- you\u2019re studying full-time\n\n- your course started on or after 1 August 2016\n\nThe amount you can apply for depends on your household income.\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nYou may be able to get help with:\n\n- your tuition fees and living costs (full support)\n\n- your tuition fees\n\nThe type of help you can get depends on your nationality and residency status.\n\n## When you\u2019re eligible for full support\n\nYou can apply for full support if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a UK or Irish citizen or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- you normally live in England\n\n- you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday\n\nYou may be eligible for full support if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who:\n\n- returned to the UK by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years\n\nYou may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:\n\n- refugee (including family members)\n\n- humanitarian protection (including family members)\n\n- migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein (including family members) with settled or pre-settled status\n\n- child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- a stateless person (including family members)\n\n- an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment\n\n- a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain\n\n- a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ve been given settled status (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:\n\n- under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years\n\n- 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\nYou must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.\n\n## When you can apply for help with your tuition fees\n\nYou can apply for tuition fee funding if you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland for the past 3 years and you have one of the following:\n\n- pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re an EU national or the family member of an EU national\n\n- pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re the family member of an Irish citizen or person of Northern Ireland\n\n- Irish citizenship\n\n- Gibraltarian status as an EU national\n\n- been living in Gibraltar as a UK national\n\nIf you\u2019re an Irish citizen, you\u2019re still eligible to apply if you\u2019ve lived in the UK and Ireland in the 3 years before your course.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to see what finance you can get.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Apply\n\nFind out how to apply for student finance.\n\n## Parents or partners of students\n\nConfirm your income if you\u2019re the student\u2019s parent or partner.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Lucy is a French national. She has been living in the UK for the last 4 years and has pre-settled status. She has been accepted for a full time university BSc degree offer which starts in September 2021..", + "original_question": "Can she apply for a tuition fee loan?" + }, + { + "id": "train-593", + "question": "Scenario: I have been fined for a late filing of PAYE. I am now looking to pay this fine, and would prefer to do so by cheque. I want a receipt to confirm that this has been paid.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to request a receipt?\n\nDocument - Pay a PAYE late payment or filing penalty:\n## Overview\n\nYou have 30 days from the date on the PAYE late penalty notice to pay or appeal it.\n\nPay now\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- Bacs\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set up one for HMRC before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your penalty in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay at a branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need to use the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) payslip included with the late penalty or filing notice.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your penalty reference number on the back of your cheque. The reference number starts with an X. You will find it on the penalty notice sent to you by HMRC.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (if you pay it from Monday to Friday) and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your penalty reference number on the back of the cheque. It starts with an \u2018X\u2019 and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nInclude the payslip from the penalty notice. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nIf you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.\n\n## If you do not have a payslip\n\nYou can print a payslip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nView your HMRC online account to see if your payment has been received - it should update within 6 working days.\n\nYou can also check your bank or building society statement to confirm the payment has left your account.\n\nIf you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been fined for a late filing of PAYE. I am now looking to pay this fine, and would prefer to do so by cheque. I want a receipt to confirm that this has been paid.", + "original_question": "Am I able to request a receipt?" + }, + { + "id": "train-594", + "question": "Scenario: I have received a fine from HMRC for late payment of PAYE. I would like to pay this fine with my credit card.\n\nQuestion: Can I pay the fine with a credit card?\n\nDocument - Pay a PAYE late payment or filing penalty:\n## Overview\n\nYou have 30 days from the date on the PAYE late penalty notice to pay or appeal it.\n\nPay now\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- Bacs\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set up one for HMRC before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your penalty in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay at a branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need to use the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) payslip included with the late penalty or filing notice.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your penalty reference number on the back of your cheque. The reference number starts with an X. You will find it on the penalty notice sent to you by HMRC.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (if you pay it from Monday to Friday) and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your penalty reference number on the back of the cheque. It starts with an \u2018X\u2019 and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nInclude the payslip from the penalty notice. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nIf you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.\n\n## If you do not have a payslip\n\nYou can print a payslip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nView your HMRC online account to see if your payment has been received - it should update within 6 working days.\n\nYou can also check your bank or building society statement to confirm the payment has left your account.\n\nIf you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have received a fine from HMRC for late payment of PAYE. I would like to pay this fine with my credit card.", + "original_question": "Can I pay the fine with a credit card?" + }, + { + "id": "train-595", + "question": "Scenario: I work in the Metropolitan police force and I have witnessed my senior officer receiving bribes repeatedly during our traffic patrols from rogue drivers.\n\nQuestion: Will be dismissed from work if i blow the whistle?\n\nDocument - Taking disciplinary action against an employee:\n## Overview\n\nYou should have written disciplinary rules and procedures to deal with employee performance and conduct and you must tell your staff about them.\n\nYour rules must say what is acceptable and unacceptable behaviour in the workplace and what action you will take if the rules are broken.\n\nThe rules should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures.\n\nNot following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.\n\n## Acas guide to discipline and grievances\n\nThe Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work gives more information for employers about taking disciplinary action.\n\n## Acas Helpline\n\nThe Acas Helpline has further advice on disciplinary issues.\n\n## Practical training courses\n\nAcas also runs practical training courses on workplace discipline.\n\n## Writing disciplinary proceedings\n\nYour disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.\n\nNot following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.\n\nThe exact rules will depend on your organisation, but could cover things like:\n\n- acceptable and unacceptable behaviour\n\n- absence and timekeeping\n\n- health and safety\n\n- use of phones and the internet\n\nYou cannot normally discipline or dismiss an employee for whistleblowing.\n\n## Gross misconduct\n\nYour disciplinary rules should give examples of what will be treated as gross misconduct. This is misconduct judged so serious that it\u2019s likely to lead to dismissal without notice, for example fraud, theft and physical violence.\n\n## Telling employees about disciplinary rules\n\nYour disciplinary rules must be in your statement of employment or clearly written elsewhere, such as in a staff handbook.\n\nThe rules should clearly say when someone might face disciplinary action and what that action could be.\n\nYou must also give the name of someone they should appeal to if they\u2019re unhappy about a disciplinary decision.\n\nIf you do not provide this information and an employee then wins an employment tribunal claim against you, they could be awarded 2 to 4 weeks\u2019 pay.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures and contracts\n\nIf you make your disciplinary procedures part of an employment contract then the employee could make a breach of contract claim against you if you do not follow your procedures.\n\n## Example letters and forms\n\nAcas has a number of sample letters and forms for disciplinary proceedings on its website.\n\n## Disciplinary investigations and hearings\n\nThe law does not say exactly how you should investigate disciplinary issues or hold disciplinary meetings.\n\nHowever, the Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work has lots of practical advice about running disciplinary proceedings professionally and fairly.\n\n## The suggested disciplinary process\n\nThe Acas guidance suggests that your disciplinary process should follow the following format:\n\n- A letter telling your employee the issue and inviting them to a disciplinary hearing.\n\n- A meeting with your employee to discuss the issue - they should have the right to be accompanied.\n\n- A letter to your employee saying what action you are going to take. This should be sent as soon as practically possible.\n\n- Your employee should than have a chance to appeal your decision.\n\n## Disciplinary decisions\n\nDisciplinary decisions could be anything that could resolve the problem.\n\nThis could include:\n\n- no action\n\n- written warning\n\n- final warning\n\n- demotion\n\n- dismissal\n\n- mediation with a co-worker\n\n## Appeals\n\nAn employee has the right to appeal against a decision made after a disciplinary hearing.\n\nYou should tell them about this when you give them written notice of your decision, and should give them a deadline to tell you they want to appeal.\n\nYour employee\u2019s statement of terms and conditions of employment must legally include the person they can apply to if they want to appeal a disciplinary decision. It must also explain how to do this.\n\nIf the employee does decide to appeal, you should try to hold the appeal hearing as soon as possible.\n\nYou should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures when dealing with appeals. Otherwise, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you their award could be higher.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-disciplinary-action", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I work in the Metropolitan police force and I have witnessed my senior officer receiving bribes repeatedly during our traffic patrols from rogue drivers.", + "original_question": "Will be dismissed from work if i blow the whistle?" + }, + { + "id": "train-596", + "question": "Scenario: My work colleague shared our company's software classified data to our competitors and we started experiencing a big loss of business. He breached the terms of his employment contract. After internal investigations the company terminated his services without a warning.\n\nQuestion: Can he appeal the decision?\n\nDocument - Taking disciplinary action against an employee:\n## Overview\n\nYou should have written disciplinary rules and procedures to deal with employee performance and conduct and you must tell your staff about them.\n\nYour rules must say what is acceptable and unacceptable behaviour in the workplace and what action you will take if the rules are broken.\n\nThe rules should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures.\n\nNot following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.\n\n## Acas guide to discipline and grievances\n\nThe Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work gives more information for employers about taking disciplinary action.\n\n## Acas Helpline\n\nThe Acas Helpline has further advice on disciplinary issues.\n\n## Practical training courses\n\nAcas also runs practical training courses on workplace discipline.\n\n## Writing disciplinary proceedings\n\nYour disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.\n\nNot following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.\n\nThe exact rules will depend on your organisation, but could cover things like:\n\n- acceptable and unacceptable behaviour\n\n- absence and timekeeping\n\n- health and safety\n\n- use of phones and the internet\n\nYou cannot normally discipline or dismiss an employee for whistleblowing.\n\n## Gross misconduct\n\nYour disciplinary rules should give examples of what will be treated as gross misconduct. This is misconduct judged so serious that it\u2019s likely to lead to dismissal without notice, for example fraud, theft and physical violence.\n\n## Telling employees about disciplinary rules\n\nYour disciplinary rules must be in your statement of employment or clearly written elsewhere, such as in a staff handbook.\n\nThe rules should clearly say when someone might face disciplinary action and what that action could be.\n\nYou must also give the name of someone they should appeal to if they\u2019re unhappy about a disciplinary decision.\n\nIf you do not provide this information and an employee then wins an employment tribunal claim against you, they could be awarded 2 to 4 weeks\u2019 pay.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures and contracts\n\nIf you make your disciplinary procedures part of an employment contract then the employee could make a breach of contract claim against you if you do not follow your procedures.\n\n## Example letters and forms\n\nAcas has a number of sample letters and forms for disciplinary proceedings on its website.\n\n## Disciplinary investigations and hearings\n\nThe law does not say exactly how you should investigate disciplinary issues or hold disciplinary meetings.\n\nHowever, the Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work has lots of practical advice about running disciplinary proceedings professionally and fairly.\n\n## The suggested disciplinary process\n\nThe Acas guidance suggests that your disciplinary process should follow the following format:\n\n- A letter telling your employee the issue and inviting them to a disciplinary hearing.\n\n- A meeting with your employee to discuss the issue - they should have the right to be accompanied.\n\n- A letter to your employee saying what action you are going to take. This should be sent as soon as practically possible.\n\n- Your employee should than have a chance to appeal your decision.\n\n## Disciplinary decisions\n\nDisciplinary decisions could be anything that could resolve the problem.\n\nThis could include:\n\n- no action\n\n- written warning\n\n- final warning\n\n- demotion\n\n- dismissal\n\n- mediation with a co-worker\n\n## Appeals\n\nAn employee has the right to appeal against a decision made after a disciplinary hearing.\n\nYou should tell them about this when you give them written notice of your decision, and should give them a deadline to tell you they want to appeal.\n\nYour employee\u2019s statement of terms and conditions of employment must legally include the person they can apply to if they want to appeal a disciplinary decision. It must also explain how to do this.\n\nIf the employee does decide to appeal, you should try to hold the appeal hearing as soon as possible.\n\nYou should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures when dealing with appeals. Otherwise, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you their award could be higher.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-disciplinary-action", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My work colleague shared our company's software classified data to our competitors and we started experiencing a big loss of business. He breached the terms of his employment contract. After internal investigations the company terminated his services without a warning.", + "original_question": "Can he appeal the decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-597", + "question": "Scenario: My sister is a full time delivery driver. During the last 14 day she has been out of work due to pneumonia. She is now on medication and under doctors observations. She has been earning more than \u00a3 200 per week.\n\nQuestion: Can she apply for Statutory Sick Pay?\n\nDocument - Statutory Sick Pay (SSP): employer guide:\n## Overview\n\nYour employees may be eligible for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP), which is \u00a396.35 a week for up to 28 weeks.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou can offer more if you have a company sick pay scheme (you cannot offer less). Company schemes are also called \u2018contractual\u2019 or \u2018occupational\u2019 sick pay and must be included in an employment contract.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to Statutory Sick Pay if you\u2019re an employee.\n\n## If your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou must pay an employee SSP if they\u2019re self-isolating and off work for at least 4 days and any of the following apply:\n\n- they or someone they live with has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- they\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve been in contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- someone in their support bubble (or your \u2018extended household\u2019 if you live in Scotland or Wales) has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- they\u2019ve been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\nYou must pay your employee from the first \u2018qualifying day\u2019 they\u2019re off work. The date will depend on why they\u2019re off work.\n\nYou must pay them on or after one of the following dates:\n\n- 13 March 2020 - if they or someone they live with has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- 28 May 2020 - if your employee has been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- 6 July 2020 - if someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- 26 August 2020 - if your employee has been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\nA \u2018qualifying day\u2019 is a day an employee usually works on.\n\n## Reclaiming SSP\n\nYou can reclaim up to 2 weeks\u2019 SSP if all of the following apply:\n\n- your employee was off work because they had COVID-19 or were self-isolating\n\n- your employee was off work because they were shielding - before 26 April 2021 in Scotland, before 12 April 2021 in Northern Ireland and before 1 April 2021 in England and Wales\n\n- your PAYE payroll scheme started on or before 28 February 2020\n\n- you had fewer than 250 employees on 28 February 2020\n\nYou can reclaim up to \u00a396.35 a week for each employee.\n\nYou cannot reclaim SSP if your employee is off sick for any other reason.\n\nFind out what other support you can get if your business is affected by COVID-19.\n\n## Holiday (or \u2018annual leave\u2019)\n\nStatutory annual leave is accrued while the employee is off work sick (no matter how long they\u2019re off) and can be taken during sick leave.\n\n## Entitlement\n\nThe weekly rate for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is \u00a396.35 for up to 28 weeks. It is paid:\n\n- for the days an employee normally works - called \u2018qualifying days\u2019\n\n- in the same way as wages, for example on the normal payday, deducting tax and National insurance\n\nUse the SSP calculator to work out the actual amount, for example for a daily rate.\n\nSome employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement. You may still have to pay SSP even if you stop trading.\n\nYou cannot force your employees to take annual leave when they\u2019re eligible for sick leave.\n\n## When to start paying SSP\n\nSSP is paid when the employee is sick for at least 4 days in a row (including non-working days).\n\nYou cannot count a day as a sick day if an employee has worked for a minute or more before they go home sick.\n\nIf an employee works a shift that ends the day after it started and becomes sick during the shift or after it has finished, the second day will count as a sick day.\n\n## If your employee is off sick or self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19) or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\nFrom 13 March 2020 you start paying SSP from the first \u2018qualifying day\u2019 an employee is off work, as long as they are off for at least 4 days in a row. This includes non-working days.\n\nIf an employee was off sick with COVID-19 symptoms before 13 March, you start paying SSP from the fourth qualifying day.\n\nIf an employee was self-isolating before 13 March because someone they live with had symptoms, you start paying SSP from 13 March.\n\nIf an employee is self-isolating because they\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, you start paying SSP from 28 May.\n\nIf an employee was self-isolating before 6 July because someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) but not their own household had symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19, you start paying SSP from 6 July.\n\nIf an employee is self-isolating because they\u2019ve been advised to do so by a doctor or healthcare professional before going into hospital for surgery, you start paying SSP from 26 August.\n\n## When to stop paying SSP\n\nSSP stops when the employee comes back to work or no longer qualifies.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep records of SSP you\u2019ve paid to an employee who was off work because of COVID-19 if you want to reclaim it.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep the following records for 3 years after the end of the tax year you paid SSP:\n\n- the dates the employee was off sick\n\n- which of those dates were qualifying days\n\n- the reason they said they were off work\n\n- the employee\u2019s National Insurance number\n\nYou do not need to keep records of SSP paid to employees who are off sick for another reason.\n\nYou can choose how you keep records of your employees\u2019 sickness absence. HMRC may need to see these records if there\u2019s a dispute over payment of SSP.\n\n## Eligibility and form SSP1\n\nTo qualify for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) employees must:\n\n- have an employment contract\n\n- have done some work under their contract\n\n- have been sick for 4 or more days in a row (including non-working days) - known as a \u2018period of incapacity for work\u2019\n\n- earn an average of at least \u00a3120 per week\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- give you proof of their illness, only after 7 days off\n\nEmployees who have been paid less than 8 weeks of earnings still qualify for SSP. Use the sick pay calculator to work out how much to pay them.\n\nAn employee\u2019s period of incapacity for work is not interrupted if they take annual leave during that time.\n\nEmployees can qualify for sick pay from more than one job.\n\nThey could also qualify in one job but be fit for work in another, for example if one job is physical work that they cannot do while ill but the other is office-based.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) eligibility\n\nYour employees qualify for SSP if they meet the criteria and cannot work if any of the following apply:\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 13 March 2020 because they or someone they live with had COVID-19 or symptoms of COVID-19\n\n- started self-isolating on or after 28 May 2020 because they were notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 6 July 2020 because someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) but not their own household had symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- have tested positive for COVID-19 since 5 August 2020\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 26 August because they had been advised to do so by a doctor or healthcare professional before going into hospital for surgery\n\nEmployees will not qualify for SSP if they are self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK, and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nEmployees do not qualify for SSP if they:\n\n- have received the maximum amount of SSP (28 weeks)\n\n- are getting Statutory Maternity Pay or Maternity Allowance - there are special rules for pregnant women and new mothers who do not get these payments\n\n- are off work for a pregnancy-related illness in the 4 weeks before the week (Sunday to Saturday) that their baby is due\n\n- were in custody or on strike on the first day of sickness (including any linked periods)\n\n- are working outside the EU and you\u2019re not liable for their National Insurance contributions\n\n- received Employment and Support Allowance within 12 weeks of starting or returning to work for you\n\nUse the SSP calculator to check eligibility.\n\n## Linked periods of sickness\n\nIf your employee has regular periods of sickness, they may count as \u2018linked\u2019. To be linked, the periods must:\n\n- last 4 or more days each\n\n- be 8 weeks or less apart\n\nYour employee is no longer eligible for SSP if they have a continuous series of linked periods that lasts more than 3 years.\n\n## If an employee is not eligible or their SSP ends\n\nEmployees may be able to apply for Universal Credit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA). They use form SSP1 to support their application.\n\nIf your employee\u2019s SSP is ending you must send them form SSP1 either:\n\n- within 7 days of their SSP ending, if it ends unexpectedly while they\u2019re still sick\n\n- on or before the beginning of the 23rd week, if their SSP is expected to end before their sickness does\n\nIf your employee does not qualify for SSP you must send them form SSP1 within 7 days of them going off sick.\n\nIf your employee thinks this is unfair, they can appeal to HMRC - the form tells them how to do this.\n\n## Long-term illness\n\nYou can complete form SSP1 before the end of SSP if you know an employee will be off sick for more than 28 weeks. This means they can apply for ESA before their SSP comes to an end.\n\n## Notice and fit notes\n\n## Notice\n\nThe employee should tell you they\u2019re sick within the time limit set by you, or 7 days if you do not have one. You cannot:\n\n- insist they tell you in person or on a special form\n\n- ask them for proof of their sickness until they have been off for 7 days (including non-working days)\n\nYou do not have to pay Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) for any days the employee was late in telling you (unless there\u2019s a good reason for the delay).\n\n## If an employee was shielding because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nShielding has stopped in the UK.\n\nAn employee can no longer apply for a new shielding note or a replacement shielding note.\n\n## Fit notes and asking for proof\n\nAfter 7 days off sick (including non-working days) you can ask the employee for proof of their sickness. This could be:\n\n- an isolation note from NHS 111 - if they are self-isolating and cannot work because of COVID-19\n\n- the notification from the NHS or public health authorities if they are self-isolating because they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- a letter or shielding note that they got from their doctor or health authority, or the government, advising them to shield\n\n- a letter from their doctor or healthcare professional confirming the date of their procedure if they\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- a fit note from their doctor or a hospital (sometimes called a sick note) - if they have any other illness\n\nIf you agree, they can give you a report from a physiotherapist, podiatrist or occupational therapist, (called an Allied Health Professional (AHP) Health and Work report).\n\nYou cannot withhold SSP if the employee is late sending you a fit note or isolation note.\n\nIf your employee is off sick frequently or for a long time, HMRC has information about getting medical advice.\n\n## Help with sick pay\n\n## Reclaiming Statutory Sick Pay\n\nYou may be able to reclaim Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) if your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you\u2019re insolvent\n\nHMRC will pay SSP for any employee who continues to work for you if they were sick when you became insolvent. Tell your employee to contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.\n\nIf their sickness continues and you terminate their contract, give them a completed SSP1 form so they can claim Employment and Support Allowance instead.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My sister is a full time delivery driver. During the last 14 day she has been out of work due to pneumonia. She is now on medication and under doctors observations. She has been earning more than \u00a3 200 per week.", + "original_question": "Can she apply for Statutory Sick Pay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-598", + "question": "Scenario: My brother is a full time employee and is on SSP following a leg injury he sustained while at work. A second doctor's review has advised him to take further 2 months bed rest as he continues to recover. He is now afraid of losing income after the SSP ends.\n\nQuestion: Can he apply re apply for Statutory Sick Pay once the 28 weeks are up?\n\nDocument - Statutory Sick Pay (SSP): employer guide:\n## Overview\n\nYour employees may be eligible for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP), which is \u00a396.35 a week for up to 28 weeks.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou can offer more if you have a company sick pay scheme (you cannot offer less). Company schemes are also called \u2018contractual\u2019 or \u2018occupational\u2019 sick pay and must be included in an employment contract.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to Statutory Sick Pay if you\u2019re an employee.\n\n## If your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou must pay an employee SSP if they\u2019re self-isolating and off work for at least 4 days and any of the following apply:\n\n- they or someone they live with has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- they\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve been in contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- someone in their support bubble (or your \u2018extended household\u2019 if you live in Scotland or Wales) has COVID-19 symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- they\u2019ve been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\nYou must pay your employee from the first \u2018qualifying day\u2019 they\u2019re off work. The date will depend on why they\u2019re off work.\n\nYou must pay them on or after one of the following dates:\n\n- 13 March 2020 - if they or someone they live with has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- 28 May 2020 - if your employee has been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- 6 July 2020 - if someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) has symptoms or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- 26 August 2020 - if your employee has been advised by a doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\nA \u2018qualifying day\u2019 is a day an employee usually works on.\n\n## Reclaiming SSP\n\nYou can reclaim up to 2 weeks\u2019 SSP if all of the following apply:\n\n- your employee was off work because they had COVID-19 or were self-isolating\n\n- your employee was off work because they were shielding - before 26 April 2021 in Scotland, before 12 April 2021 in Northern Ireland and before 1 April 2021 in England and Wales\n\n- your PAYE payroll scheme started on or before 28 February 2020\n\n- you had fewer than 250 employees on 28 February 2020\n\nYou can reclaim up to \u00a396.35 a week for each employee.\n\nYou cannot reclaim SSP if your employee is off sick for any other reason.\n\nFind out what other support you can get if your business is affected by COVID-19.\n\n## Holiday (or \u2018annual leave\u2019)\n\nStatutory annual leave is accrued while the employee is off work sick (no matter how long they\u2019re off) and can be taken during sick leave.\n\n## Entitlement\n\nThe weekly rate for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is \u00a396.35 for up to 28 weeks. It is paid:\n\n- for the days an employee normally works - called \u2018qualifying days\u2019\n\n- in the same way as wages, for example on the normal payday, deducting tax and National insurance\n\nUse the SSP calculator to work out the actual amount, for example for a daily rate.\n\nSome employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement. You may still have to pay SSP even if you stop trading.\n\nYou cannot force your employees to take annual leave when they\u2019re eligible for sick leave.\n\n## When to start paying SSP\n\nSSP is paid when the employee is sick for at least 4 days in a row (including non-working days).\n\nYou cannot count a day as a sick day if an employee has worked for a minute or more before they go home sick.\n\nIf an employee works a shift that ends the day after it started and becomes sick during the shift or after it has finished, the second day will count as a sick day.\n\n## If your employee is off sick or self-isolating because of coronavirus (COVID-19) or has tested positive for COVID-19\n\nFrom 13 March 2020 you start paying SSP from the first \u2018qualifying day\u2019 an employee is off work, as long as they are off for at least 4 days in a row. This includes non-working days.\n\nIf an employee was off sick with COVID-19 symptoms before 13 March, you start paying SSP from the fourth qualifying day.\n\nIf an employee was self-isolating before 13 March because someone they live with had symptoms, you start paying SSP from 13 March.\n\nIf an employee is self-isolating because they\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, you start paying SSP from 28 May.\n\nIf an employee was self-isolating before 6 July because someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) but not their own household had symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19, you start paying SSP from 6 July.\n\nIf an employee is self-isolating because they\u2019ve been advised to do so by a doctor or healthcare professional before going into hospital for surgery, you start paying SSP from 26 August.\n\n## When to stop paying SSP\n\nSSP stops when the employee comes back to work or no longer qualifies.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep records of SSP you\u2019ve paid to an employee who was off work because of COVID-19 if you want to reclaim it.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep the following records for 3 years after the end of the tax year you paid SSP:\n\n- the dates the employee was off sick\n\n- which of those dates were qualifying days\n\n- the reason they said they were off work\n\n- the employee\u2019s National Insurance number\n\nYou do not need to keep records of SSP paid to employees who are off sick for another reason.\n\nYou can choose how you keep records of your employees\u2019 sickness absence. HMRC may need to see these records if there\u2019s a dispute over payment of SSP.\n\n## Eligibility and form SSP1\n\nTo qualify for Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) employees must:\n\n- have an employment contract\n\n- have done some work under their contract\n\n- have been sick for 4 or more days in a row (including non-working days) - known as a \u2018period of incapacity for work\u2019\n\n- earn an average of at least \u00a3120 per week\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- give you proof of their illness, only after 7 days off\n\nEmployees who have been paid less than 8 weeks of earnings still qualify for SSP. Use the sick pay calculator to work out how much to pay them.\n\nAn employee\u2019s period of incapacity for work is not interrupted if they take annual leave during that time.\n\nEmployees can qualify for sick pay from more than one job.\n\nThey could also qualify in one job but be fit for work in another, for example if one job is physical work that they cannot do while ill but the other is office-based.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) eligibility\n\nYour employees qualify for SSP if they meet the criteria and cannot work if any of the following apply:\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 13 March 2020 because they or someone they live with had COVID-19 or symptoms of COVID-19\n\n- started self-isolating on or after 28 May 2020 because they were notified by the NHS or public health authorities that they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 6 July 2020 because someone in their support bubble (or extended household in Scotland or Wales) but not their own household had symptoms or tested positive for COVID-19\n\n- have tested positive for COVID-19 since 5 August 2020\n\n- were self-isolating on or after 26 August because they had been advised to do so by a doctor or healthcare professional before going into hospital for surgery\n\nEmployees will not qualify for SSP if they are self-isolating after entering or returning to the UK, and do not need to self-isolate for any other reason.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nEmployees do not qualify for SSP if they:\n\n- have received the maximum amount of SSP (28 weeks)\n\n- are getting Statutory Maternity Pay or Maternity Allowance - there are special rules for pregnant women and new mothers who do not get these payments\n\n- are off work for a pregnancy-related illness in the 4 weeks before the week (Sunday to Saturday) that their baby is due\n\n- were in custody or on strike on the first day of sickness (including any linked periods)\n\n- are working outside the EU and you\u2019re not liable for their National Insurance contributions\n\n- received Employment and Support Allowance within 12 weeks of starting or returning to work for you\n\nUse the SSP calculator to check eligibility.\n\n## Linked periods of sickness\n\nIf your employee has regular periods of sickness, they may count as \u2018linked\u2019. To be linked, the periods must:\n\n- last 4 or more days each\n\n- be 8 weeks or less apart\n\nYour employee is no longer eligible for SSP if they have a continuous series of linked periods that lasts more than 3 years.\n\n## If an employee is not eligible or their SSP ends\n\nEmployees may be able to apply for Universal Credit or Employment and Support Allowance (ESA). They use form SSP1 to support their application.\n\nIf your employee\u2019s SSP is ending you must send them form SSP1 either:\n\n- within 7 days of their SSP ending, if it ends unexpectedly while they\u2019re still sick\n\n- on or before the beginning of the 23rd week, if their SSP is expected to end before their sickness does\n\nIf your employee does not qualify for SSP you must send them form SSP1 within 7 days of them going off sick.\n\nIf your employee thinks this is unfair, they can appeal to HMRC - the form tells them how to do this.\n\n## Long-term illness\n\nYou can complete form SSP1 before the end of SSP if you know an employee will be off sick for more than 28 weeks. This means they can apply for ESA before their SSP comes to an end.\n\n## Notice and fit notes\n\n## Notice\n\nThe employee should tell you they\u2019re sick within the time limit set by you, or 7 days if you do not have one. You cannot:\n\n- insist they tell you in person or on a special form\n\n- ask them for proof of their sickness until they have been off for 7 days (including non-working days)\n\nYou do not have to pay Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) for any days the employee was late in telling you (unless there\u2019s a good reason for the delay).\n\n## If an employee was shielding because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nShielding has stopped in the UK.\n\nAn employee can no longer apply for a new shielding note or a replacement shielding note.\n\n## Fit notes and asking for proof\n\nAfter 7 days off sick (including non-working days) you can ask the employee for proof of their sickness. This could be:\n\n- an isolation note from NHS 111 - if they are self-isolating and cannot work because of COVID-19\n\n- the notification from the NHS or public health authorities if they are self-isolating because they\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- a letter or shielding note that they got from their doctor or health authority, or the government, advising them to shield\n\n- a letter from their doctor or healthcare professional confirming the date of their procedure if they\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- a fit note from their doctor or a hospital (sometimes called a sick note) - if they have any other illness\n\nIf you agree, they can give you a report from a physiotherapist, podiatrist or occupational therapist, (called an Allied Health Professional (AHP) Health and Work report).\n\nYou cannot withhold SSP if the employee is late sending you a fit note or isolation note.\n\nIf your employee is off sick frequently or for a long time, HMRC has information about getting medical advice.\n\n## Help with sick pay\n\n## Reclaiming Statutory Sick Pay\n\nYou may be able to reclaim Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) if your employee is off work because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you\u2019re insolvent\n\nHMRC will pay SSP for any employee who continues to work for you if they were sick when you became insolvent. Tell your employee to contact the Statutory Payment Disputes Team.\n\nIf their sickness continues and you terminate their contract, give them a completed SSP1 form so they can claim Employment and Support Allowance instead.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-sick-pay", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother is a full time employee and is on SSP following a leg injury he sustained while at work. A second doctor's review has advised him to take further 2 months bed rest as he continues to recover. He is now afraid of losing income after the SSP ends.", + "original_question": "Can he apply re apply for Statutory Sick Pay once the 28 weeks are up?" + }, + { + "id": "train-599", + "question": "Scenario: From 2020 to 2021 i was a care worker but also director of the company. Our Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for all combined Payrolls were \u00a390,000\n\nQuestion: Can I main a claim for Employment allowance?\n\nDocument - Employment Allowance:\n## What you'll get\n\nEmployment Allowance allows eligible employers to reduce their annual National Insurance liability by up to \u00a34,000.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay less employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance each time you run your payroll until the \u00a34,000 has gone or the tax year ends (whichever is sooner).\n\nYou can only claim against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability up to a maximum of \u00a34,000 each tax year. You can still claim the allowance if your liability was less than \u00a34,000 a year.\n\n## Check if you're eligible\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance if you\u2019re a business or charity (including community amateur sports clubs) and your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities were less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year.\n\nYou can also claim if you employ a care or support worker.\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year. Some of the rules for claiming are different.\n\n## If you\u2019re part of a group\n\nIf you\u2019re part of a group of charities or companies (also known as connected companies), the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for the group must be less than \u00a3100,000.\n\nOnly one company in the group can claim the allowance.\n\n## If you have more than one payroll\n\nIf you have or had more than one employer PAYE reference, the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for your combined payrolls must be less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year\n\nYou can only claim Employment Allowance against one of the payrolls.\n\n## Off-payroll salary payments\n\nDo not include employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities on payments you make to off-payroll workers in your calculations. These are known as deemed payments. They do not count towards the \u00a3100,000 threshold.\n\n## Check if de minimis state aid rules apply to you\n\nIf you make or sell goods or services, Employment Allowance counts as \u2018de minimis state aid\u2019. There\u2019s a limit to how much de minimis state aid you can get.\n\nYou must:\n\n- check that you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold\n\n- work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received\n\nYou must do this even if you do not make a profit.\n\nYou do not have to do this if you do not make or sell goods or services, for example you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.\n\n## Check you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold\n\nEmployment Allowance counts towards the total de minimis state aid you\u2019re allowed to get over a 3 year period.\n\nYou must make sure you will not exceed the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.\n\nDe minimis state aid and the relevant thresholds are worked out in euros.\n\n| Sector | De minimis state aid threshold over 3 years |\n\n| Agriculture products sector | \u20ac20,000 |\n\n| Fisheries and aquaculture sector | \u20ac30,000 |\n\n| Road freight transport sector | \u20ac100,000 |\n\n| Industrial sector\u202f\u202f/ other | \u20ac200,000 |\n\n## Work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received\n\n- Check if you\u2019ve received any de minimis state aid - if so, you should have been told in writing.\n\n- Add the total amount of de minimis state aid that you\u2019ve received or been allocated for the current and past 2 tax years.\n\n- Add this to the full amount of Employment Allowance for the year you\u2019re claiming for. You\u2019ll need to convert this into euros using the exchange rate for the end of the previous tax year. If you\u2019re claiming for 2020 to 2021, you\u2019ll need to use the exchange rate on 30 March 2020: \u00a31 to \u20ac1.1249.\n\n- If the total is below the threshold for your sector, you\u2019re eligible to make a claim.\n\nIf you\u2019re a connected company, the total de minimis state aid for all of the companies in the group must be below the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.\n\nThe rules are different if your business covers more than one sector.\n\n## Who cannot claim Employment Allowance\n\nYou cannot claim if you\u2019re a public body or business doing more than half your work in the public sector (such as local councils and NHS services) - unless you\u2019re a charity.\n\nYou also cannot claim if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a company with only one employee paid above the Class 1 National Insurance secondary threshold\n\n- the employee is also a director of the company\n\nCertain employees cannot be included in your claim, such as:\n\n- someone whose earnings are within IR35 \u2018off-payroll working rules\u2019\n\n- someone you employ for personal, household or domestic work (like a nanny or gardener) - unless they\u2019re a care or support worker\n\n## How to claim\n\nHow you claim depends on whether you use your own payroll software or HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE tools.\n\n## If you use your own software\n\nTo claim through your payroll software, put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field next time you send an Employment Payment Summary (EPS) to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nIf your payroll software does not have an Employment Payment Summary field, you can use Basic PAYE Tools.\n\n## Select your business sector under \u2018de minimis state aid rules\u2019\n\nYou must select the business sectors that apply to you, even if you do not make a profit.\n\nMost businesses will need to select the \u2018Industrial/other\u2019 category, for example a hair salon or restaurant.\n\nIf you do not make or sell goods or services, choose \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019. For example if you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.\n\n## If you use HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools\n\n- Select the correct name in the \u2018Employer\u2019 menu on the home page.\n\n- Select \u2018Change employer details\u2019.\n\n- Select \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field.\n\n- Answer \u2018Yes\u2019 to the \u2018Do state aid rules apply?\u2019 question if you sell goods or services. Select the business sectors that apply to you. Otherwise, answer \u2018No\u2019 and select \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019.\n\n- Send your EPS as normal.\n\n## Stopping your claim\n\nIf you stop being eligible, select \u2018No\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field in your next EPS.\n\nDo not select \u2018No\u2019 just because:\n\n- you\u2019ve reached the \u00a34,000 limit before the end of the tax year - this does not make you ineligible\n\n- you\u2019re no longer employing anyone - this allowance will stop at the end of the tax year\n\nIf you stop your claim before the end of the tax year (5 April), any allowance you\u2019ve been given that year will be removed. You\u2019ll have to pay any employers\u2019 (secondary) Class 1 National Insurance due as a result.\n\n## When to claim\n\nYou need to claim Employment Allowance every tax year.\n\nYou can claim at any time in the tax year, but the earlier you claim the sooner you will get the allowance.\n\nIf you claim late and do not use your Employment Allowance against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities, you\u2019ll have to ask HMRC to do one of the following:\n\n- use any unclaimed allowance at the end of the year to pay any tax or National Insurance you owe (including VAT and Corporation Tax if you do not owe anything on your PAYE bill)\n\n- give you a refund after the end of the tax year if you do not owe anything\n\nYou can see how much Employment Allowance you\u2019ve used in your HMRC online account.\n\n## Claiming for past years\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years, dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year.\n\nTo claim for past years, it does not matter how much your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability was or how much de minimis state aid you received.\n\nThe thresholds for employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance and de minimis state aid do not apply.\n\nEmployment allowance was \u00a33,000 each year between April 2016 and April 2020.\n\n## Further information\n\nRead \u2018Claiming Employment Allowance: further employer guidance\u2019 for more information.\n\n## After you've made a claim\n\nYou can begin using your Employment Allowance as soon you submit your claim.\n\nHMRC will not send you a confirmation letter for your Employment Allowance.\n\nIf your claim is rejected, you will receive an automated message from HMRC within 5 working days.\n\nYou may need to tell HMRC if last year\u2019s employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities included deemed payments, taking you over the \u00a3100,000 threshold.\n\n## When your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid\n\nIf you have selected a business sector in your claim, HMRC will send a letter stating that your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid.\n\nYou must keep this letter as you may need it if you apply for other de minimis state aid.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "From 2020 to 2021 i was a care worker but also director of the company. Our Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for all combined Payrolls were \u00a390,000", + "original_question": "Can I main a claim for Employment allowance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-603", + "question": "Scenario: I am an employer and due to the reduced work force the number of employees represented by the union has reduced to 10. The union is recognized entity by CAC since 2017.\n\nQuestion: Can i give notice to CAC to deregister it?\n\nDocument - Derecognise a union:\n## Overview\n\nTrade unions can be recognised to represent groups of employees in a company in negotiations over pay, holidays and working conditions through either:\n\n- a voluntary agreement with the employer\n\n- a declaration by the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC).\n\nThree years after a CAC declaration of recognition, employers and workers can apply to the CAC to have a union derecognised.\n\nIf the application is successful, the union will cease to represent the workforce in negotiations with the employer.\n\n## When employers can apply\n\nWhere recognition has been declared by the CAC, you can apply to have a union derecognised in any of the following situations:\n\n- the number of people employed by the company has fallen to less than 21\n\n- workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union\n\n- the number of union members in the bargaining unit has fallen to below 50%\n\n## When workers can apply\n\nYou can apply to have a union derecognised if workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union and don\u2019t want to be represented by the union.\n\nYou can apply to have a non-independent union derecognised if the majority of workers do not support it.\n\n## Employers: reduced workforce\n\nAs an employer, you can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to have a trade union derecognised if both of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period\n\n- it is more than 3 years since recognition was declared by the CAC\n\nYou must give written notice to the union asking for the union to be derecognised. Notice must be given within 5 days of the end of the relevant 13-week period.\n\nYour letter must include the following details:\n\n- the specific 13-week period during which you had less than 21 workers\n\n- the number of workers you employed in that time\n\n- the current bargaining arrangements\n\n- the date you want the arrangements to end - this must be at least 35 working days after the request was made\n\nYou must give a copy of the letter to the CAC. The CAC will tell you within 10 days if the notice you gave the union was valid.\n\n## Your notice is valid\n\nThe union will be derecognised and you won\u2019t have to negotiate with them anymore, unless they make an application to the CAC because they believe that:\n\n- the 13-week period was within 3 years of them gaining recognition\n\n- your company employed 21 or more workers during that time\n\n## Your notice isn\u2019t valid\n\nYou must continue with the current collective bargaining arrangements.\n\n## Employers: union loses support\n\nYou can try to get a union derecognised if the workers in the bargaining unit no longer support it and don\u2019t want it to negotiate on their behalf.\n\n## Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise\n\nYou must send a written request to the union, stating:\n\n- that you wish to end the bargaining arrangements because you believe that the union no longer has the support of the workers\n\n- what the current arrangements are\n\n- that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\nThe union has 10 working days to respond to your request.\n\nYou can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.\n\n## The union agrees to negotiate\n\nIf they reject your request but agree to negotiate, you\u2019ll have another 20 working days to come to an agreement about derecognition.\n\nWithin this period, either side can ask the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) to help with negotiations. You may extend this period if the union agrees.\n\n## The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request\n\nYou can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.\n\nYou can only apply if both of these are true:\n\n- the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition\n\nSend the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. Send a copy to the union.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nThe CAC will arrange a secret ballot of workers if your application is successful.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.\n\n## Employers: union membership is less than 50%\n\nIf the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago, a union can be derecognised if the level of union membership in the bargaining unit falls below 50%.\n\nApply to the CAC to hold a secret ballot of employees on whether collective bargaining should be ended.\n\nYou can only apply if:\n\n- the CAC declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\n## Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise\n\nYou must send a written request to the unions, stating:\n\n- that fewer than 50% of the workers in the bargaining unit are union members\n\n- what the current bargaining arrangements are, eg how many workers are in the bargaining unit, where they work\n\n- that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\nThe union has 10 working days to respond to your request.\n\nYou can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.\n\n## The union rejects your request but is willing to negotiate\n\nYou have 10 days to negotiate an agreement about derecognition. You can extend this period if the union agrees.\n\n## The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request\n\nApply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.\n\nYou can\u2019t apply if there have been any applications to CAC for an end to bargaining arrangements in the previous 3 years.\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) that less than 50% of the bargaining unit are union members.\n\nSend the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. You must send copies of the form and evidence to the union.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nThe CAC will arrange for a secret ballot of the workers to be held if your application is successful.\n\nYou will have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.\n\n## Workers: union loses support\n\nYou can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for a secret ballot on derecognition if you believe the union no longer has the support of the bargaining unit.\n\nYou can only apply if both of these are true:\n\n- the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition\n\nSend the completed form and your evidence to both the union and the CAC.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs information to support your application, eg evidence of levels of union support.\n\nYour application will either be:\n\n- rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days\n\n## Taking part in negotiations\n\nCAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.\n\nThe outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:\n\n- you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised\n\n- no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot\n\n## Workers: derecognise a non-independent union\n\nAn employee or group of workers can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to derecognise a non-independent union that the employer recognised voluntarily.\n\nA non-independent union represents employees but has not been given a certificate of independence by the Certification Officer. You can check this on the Certification Officer\u2019s website.\n\nYou can apply any time after the union has been recognised by the employer.\n\n## Apply for a secret ballot\n\nApply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to find out if they want the union derecognsied.\n\nThe form must be completed and signed by an employee in the bargaining unit.\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of employees in the bargaining are likely to favour an end to the bargaining arrangements\n\nSend the completed form plus your documents to CAC. Send a signed copy of the form and evidence to the union and your employer.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nYour application will either be:\n\n- rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days\n\n## Taking part in negotiations\n\nCAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.\n\nThe outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:\n\n- you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised\n\n- no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot\n\n## Holding a derecognition ballot\n\nWhen employers, workers and the union have tried to reach agreement about derecognition but failed, the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will hold a secret ballot.\n\nCAC will write to everyone involved, saying that they intend to hold a ballot to allow workers in the bargaining unit to vote on derecognition.\n\n## How the ballot works\n\nCAC will appoint a qualified independent person (QIP) who will aim to conduct the ballot within 20 working days of their appointment. The CAC may extend this period if necessary.\n\nThe QIP will provide an estimate for the cost of running the ballot. The arrangements for the ballot will be decided by the CAC after consulting the employer and the union.\n\nThe final cost of the ballot will be split equally between the employer and the union.\n\nThe employer and the union must follow the Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition.\n\n## Complain when someone doesn\u2019t co-operate\n\nComplain to CAC any time before the ballot is held if you feel someone isn\u2019t co-operating.\n\nThe union can complain to the CAC if the employer is not fulfilling their duties during the ballot.\n\nCAC will investigate and can issue a \u2018remedial order\u2019 demanding that all duties are carried out properly.\n\nIf that order is ignored CAC can cancel the ballot or declare that the union be derecognised.\n\n## Complain about unfair practices\n\nComplain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if you feel that another party is using unfair practices to influence the ballot, eg bribery or threats.\n\nTo make a complaint fill in the unfair practices application form and send it to CAC. The address is on the form.\n\nComplaints can be made at any time up to the end of day after the ballot closes.\n\nWhere CAC finds that unfair practices were used they may:\n\n- reschedule the ballot\n\n- cancel the ballot and declare that the union is derecognised\n\n- cancel the ballot and refuse the application for derecognition\n\nThe Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition has more information.\n\n## After the ballot\n\nYou\u2019ll usually find out the result of the vote 48 hours after the ballot closes.\n\nFor a union to be derecognised the majority of those voting, and at least 40% of the workers in the bargaining unit, must vote in favour of ending the bargaining arrangements.\n\nThe Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will declare the union as derecognised or will refuse the application for derecognition.\n\n## Paying for the ballot\n\nThe employer and the union will each receive a demand from the qualified independent person (QIP) for their share of the cost of running the ballot.\n\nThis must be paid in 15 days. If either party wishes to dispute the amount they can appeal to an employment tribunal.\n\n## What you must do\n\nAs an employer, you no longer have to work with a union that\u2019s been derecognised.\n\nYou must continue to work with a union if the CAC have refused the application for derecognition. You cannot reapply for the union to be derecognised for 3 years.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an employer and due to the reduced work force the number of employees represented by the union has reduced to 10. The union is recognized entity by CAC since 2017.", + "original_question": "Can i give notice to CAC to deregister it?" + }, + { + "id": "train-604", + "question": "Scenario: My friend wishes to withdraw from an independent workers union which doesn't represent their grievances and the majority of fellow workers want it to be derecognized.They are no longer interested in it any more.\n\nQuestion: Can he apply for a secret ballot to CAC for derecognition?\n\nDocument - Derecognise a union:\n## Overview\n\nTrade unions can be recognised to represent groups of employees in a company in negotiations over pay, holidays and working conditions through either:\n\n- a voluntary agreement with the employer\n\n- a declaration by the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC).\n\nThree years after a CAC declaration of recognition, employers and workers can apply to the CAC to have a union derecognised.\n\nIf the application is successful, the union will cease to represent the workforce in negotiations with the employer.\n\n## When employers can apply\n\nWhere recognition has been declared by the CAC, you can apply to have a union derecognised in any of the following situations:\n\n- the number of people employed by the company has fallen to less than 21\n\n- workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union\n\n- the number of union members in the bargaining unit has fallen to below 50%\n\n## When workers can apply\n\nYou can apply to have a union derecognised if workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union and don\u2019t want to be represented by the union.\n\nYou can apply to have a non-independent union derecognised if the majority of workers do not support it.\n\n## Employers: reduced workforce\n\nAs an employer, you can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to have a trade union derecognised if both of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period\n\n- it is more than 3 years since recognition was declared by the CAC\n\nYou must give written notice to the union asking for the union to be derecognised. Notice must be given within 5 days of the end of the relevant 13-week period.\n\nYour letter must include the following details:\n\n- the specific 13-week period during which you had less than 21 workers\n\n- the number of workers you employed in that time\n\n- the current bargaining arrangements\n\n- the date you want the arrangements to end - this must be at least 35 working days after the request was made\n\nYou must give a copy of the letter to the CAC. The CAC will tell you within 10 days if the notice you gave the union was valid.\n\n## Your notice is valid\n\nThe union will be derecognised and you won\u2019t have to negotiate with them anymore, unless they make an application to the CAC because they believe that:\n\n- the 13-week period was within 3 years of them gaining recognition\n\n- your company employed 21 or more workers during that time\n\n## Your notice isn\u2019t valid\n\nYou must continue with the current collective bargaining arrangements.\n\n## Employers: union loses support\n\nYou can try to get a union derecognised if the workers in the bargaining unit no longer support it and don\u2019t want it to negotiate on their behalf.\n\n## Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise\n\nYou must send a written request to the union, stating:\n\n- that you wish to end the bargaining arrangements because you believe that the union no longer has the support of the workers\n\n- what the current arrangements are\n\n- that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\nThe union has 10 working days to respond to your request.\n\nYou can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.\n\n## The union agrees to negotiate\n\nIf they reject your request but agree to negotiate, you\u2019ll have another 20 working days to come to an agreement about derecognition.\n\nWithin this period, either side can ask the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) to help with negotiations. You may extend this period if the union agrees.\n\n## The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request\n\nYou can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.\n\nYou can only apply if both of these are true:\n\n- the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition\n\nSend the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. Send a copy to the union.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nThe CAC will arrange a secret ballot of workers if your application is successful.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.\n\n## Employers: union membership is less than 50%\n\nIf the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago, a union can be derecognised if the level of union membership in the bargaining unit falls below 50%.\n\nApply to the CAC to hold a secret ballot of employees on whether collective bargaining should be ended.\n\nYou can only apply if:\n\n- the CAC declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\n## Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise\n\nYou must send a written request to the unions, stating:\n\n- that fewer than 50% of the workers in the bargaining unit are union members\n\n- what the current bargaining arrangements are, eg how many workers are in the bargaining unit, where they work\n\n- that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\nThe union has 10 working days to respond to your request.\n\nYou can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.\n\n## The union rejects your request but is willing to negotiate\n\nYou have 10 days to negotiate an agreement about derecognition. You can extend this period if the union agrees.\n\n## The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request\n\nApply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.\n\nYou can\u2019t apply if there have been any applications to CAC for an end to bargaining arrangements in the previous 3 years.\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) that less than 50% of the bargaining unit are union members.\n\nSend the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. You must send copies of the form and evidence to the union.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nThe CAC will arrange for a secret ballot of the workers to be held if your application is successful.\n\nYou will have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.\n\n## Workers: union loses support\n\nYou can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for a secret ballot on derecognition if you believe the union no longer has the support of the bargaining unit.\n\nYou can only apply if both of these are true:\n\n- the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition\n\nSend the completed form and your evidence to both the union and the CAC.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs information to support your application, eg evidence of levels of union support.\n\nYour application will either be:\n\n- rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days\n\n## Taking part in negotiations\n\nCAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.\n\nThe outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:\n\n- you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised\n\n- no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot\n\n## Workers: derecognise a non-independent union\n\nAn employee or group of workers can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to derecognise a non-independent union that the employer recognised voluntarily.\n\nA non-independent union represents employees but has not been given a certificate of independence by the Certification Officer. You can check this on the Certification Officer\u2019s website.\n\nYou can apply any time after the union has been recognised by the employer.\n\n## Apply for a secret ballot\n\nApply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to find out if they want the union derecognsied.\n\nThe form must be completed and signed by an employee in the bargaining unit.\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of employees in the bargaining are likely to favour an end to the bargaining arrangements\n\nSend the completed form plus your documents to CAC. Send a signed copy of the form and evidence to the union and your employer.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nYour application will either be:\n\n- rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days\n\n## Taking part in negotiations\n\nCAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.\n\nThe outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:\n\n- you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised\n\n- no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot\n\n## Holding a derecognition ballot\n\nWhen employers, workers and the union have tried to reach agreement about derecognition but failed, the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will hold a secret ballot.\n\nCAC will write to everyone involved, saying that they intend to hold a ballot to allow workers in the bargaining unit to vote on derecognition.\n\n## How the ballot works\n\nCAC will appoint a qualified independent person (QIP) who will aim to conduct the ballot within 20 working days of their appointment. The CAC may extend this period if necessary.\n\nThe QIP will provide an estimate for the cost of running the ballot. The arrangements for the ballot will be decided by the CAC after consulting the employer and the union.\n\nThe final cost of the ballot will be split equally between the employer and the union.\n\nThe employer and the union must follow the Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition.\n\n## Complain when someone doesn\u2019t co-operate\n\nComplain to CAC any time before the ballot is held if you feel someone isn\u2019t co-operating.\n\nThe union can complain to the CAC if the employer is not fulfilling their duties during the ballot.\n\nCAC will investigate and can issue a \u2018remedial order\u2019 demanding that all duties are carried out properly.\n\nIf that order is ignored CAC can cancel the ballot or declare that the union be derecognised.\n\n## Complain about unfair practices\n\nComplain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if you feel that another party is using unfair practices to influence the ballot, eg bribery or threats.\n\nTo make a complaint fill in the unfair practices application form and send it to CAC. The address is on the form.\n\nComplaints can be made at any time up to the end of day after the ballot closes.\n\nWhere CAC finds that unfair practices were used they may:\n\n- reschedule the ballot\n\n- cancel the ballot and declare that the union is derecognised\n\n- cancel the ballot and refuse the application for derecognition\n\nThe Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition has more information.\n\n## After the ballot\n\nYou\u2019ll usually find out the result of the vote 48 hours after the ballot closes.\n\nFor a union to be derecognised the majority of those voting, and at least 40% of the workers in the bargaining unit, must vote in favour of ending the bargaining arrangements.\n\nThe Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will declare the union as derecognised or will refuse the application for derecognition.\n\n## Paying for the ballot\n\nThe employer and the union will each receive a demand from the qualified independent person (QIP) for their share of the cost of running the ballot.\n\nThis must be paid in 15 days. If either party wishes to dispute the amount they can appeal to an employment tribunal.\n\n## What you must do\n\nAs an employer, you no longer have to work with a union that\u2019s been derecognised.\n\nYou must continue to work with a union if the CAC have refused the application for derecognition. You cannot reapply for the union to be derecognised for 3 years.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend wishes to withdraw from an independent workers union which doesn't represent their grievances and the majority of fellow workers want it to be derecognized.They are no longer interested in it any more.", + "original_question": "Can he apply for a secret ballot to CAC for derecognition?" + }, + { + "id": "train-605", + "question": "Scenario: I am going to be taking a sabbatical from work in 3 months and will then be working and living abroad outside of the EU for 12 months on less pay before returning to my job at the UK\n\nQuestion: Will I still need to make payments if my salary equivalent in GBP is below the threshold?\n\nDocument - Repaying your student loan:\n## Overview\n\nYou need to pay back:\n\n- Tuition Fee Loans\n\n- Maintenance Loans\n\n- Postgraduate Loans\n\nYou do not need to pay back other student finance, for example grants and bursaries, unless you\u2019ve been paid too much.\n\nYou still have to repay your student loan if you leave your course early.\n\nWhen you start repaying your loan and how much you pay depends on which repayment plan you\u2019re on.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## How to repay\n\nHow you repay your loan depends on whether you\u2019re employed or self-employed.\n\nYou can make extra repayments in your online repayment account and by card, bank transfer or cheque.\n\nKeep your payslips and P60 for your records - you\u2019ll need them if you want to get a refund.\n\n## Sign in\n\nSign in to your student loan repayment account if you already have one.\n\n## Repaying during the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak\n\nRead the guidance about repaying your student loan for more information on:\n\n- changes in your income\n\n- refunds\n\n- interest on your loan balance\n\n## Which repayment plan you're on\n\nWhen you start repaying your loan and how much you repay depends on your repayment plan.\n\nThere are 4 plans:\n\n- Plan 1\n\n- Plan 2\n\n- Plan 4\n\n- Postgraduate Loan\n\nYou cannot choose the repayment plan you\u2019re on. If you have more than one loan, they could be on different plans.\n\n## Plan 1\n\nYou\u2019re on Plan 1 if you\u2019re:\n\n- an English or Welsh student who started an undergraduate course anywhere in the UK before 1 September 2012\n\n- a Northern Irish student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course anywhere in the UK on or after 1 September 1998\n\n- an EU student who started an undergraduate course in England or Wales on or after 1 September 1998, but before 1 September 2012\n\n- an EU student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course in Northern Ireland on or after 1 September 1998\n\n## Plan 2\n\nYou\u2019re on Plan 2 if you\u2019re:\n\n- an English or Welsh student who started an undergraduate course anywhere in the UK on or after 1 September 2012\n\n- an EU student who started an undergraduate course in England or Wales on or after 1 September 2012\n\n- someone who took out an Advanced Learner Loan on or after 1 August 2013\n\n## Plan 4\n\nYou\u2019re on Plan 4 if you\u2019re:\n\n- a Scottish student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course anywhere in the UK on or after 1 September 1998\n\n- an EU student who started an undergraduate or postgraduate course in Scotland on or after 1 September 1998\n\n## Postgraduate Loan\n\nYou\u2019re on a Postgraduate Loan repayment plan if you\u2019re:\n\n- an English or Welsh student who took out a Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan on or after 1 August 2016\n\n- an English or Welsh student who took out a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan on or after 1 August 2018\n\n- an EU student who started a postgraduate course on or after 1 August 2016\n\n## When you start repaying\n\nYou\u2019ll only repay your student loan when your income is over the threshold amount for your repayment plan. The threshold amounts change on 6 April every year.\n\nThe earliest you\u2019ll start repaying is either:\n\n- the April after you leave your course\n\n- the April 4 years after the course started, if you\u2019re studying part-time\n\nYour repayments automatically stop if either:\n\n- you stop working\n\n- your income goes below the threshold\n\n## If you have a Plan 1 student loan\n\nYou\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3382 a week, \u00a31,657 a month or \u00a319,895 a year (before tax and other deductions).\n\n## If you have a Plan 2 student loan\n\nYou\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3524 a week, \u00a32,274 a month or \u00a327,295 a year (before tax and other deductions).\n\n## If you have a Plan 4 student loan\n\nYou\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3480 a week, \u00a32,083 a month or \u00a325,000 a year (before tax and other deductions).\n\n## If you\u2019re on a Postgraduate Loan repayment plan\n\nIf you took out a Master\u2019s Loan or a Doctoral Loan, you\u2019ll only repay when your income is over \u00a3403 a week, \u00a31,750 a month or \u00a321,000 a year (before tax and other deductions).\n\n## Early repayments\n\nThere\u2019s no penalty for paying some or all of your loan off early.\n\n## How much you repay\n\nHow much you repay depends on which plan you\u2019re on.\n\nEach plan has a threshold for your weekly or monthly income. You repay:\n\n- 9% of the amount you earn over the threshold for plans 1, 2 and 4\n\n- 6% of the amount you earn over the threshold for the Postgraduate Loan\n\nYou do not pay anything back if your income is under the threshold.\n\nInterest starts being added to your loan from when you get your first payment.\n\n## Plan 1\n\nThe thresholds are \u00a3382 a week or \u00a31,657 a month (before tax and other deductions).\n\n## Interest on Plan 1\n\nYou currently pay interest of 1.1% on Plan 1. You can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.\n\n## Plan 2\n\nThe thresholds are \u00a3524 a week or \u00a32,274 a month (before tax and other deductions). They change on 6 April every year.\n\n## Interest on Plan 2\n\nWhile you\u2019re studying, interest is 5.6%.\n\nThis is made up of the Retail Price Index (RPI) plus 3%. RPI is currently set at 2.6%.\n\nThis rate applies until the 5 April after you finish or leave your course, or for the first 4 years of your course if you\u2019re studying part-time, unless the RPI changes.\n\nAfter that, your interest rate depends on your income in the current tax year.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed, your income is the total income amount on your Self-Assessment form.\n\nIf you\u2019re an employee, your income is your taxable pay:\n\n- plus any pension contributions\n\n- minus any benefits you get from your employer that are taxed through payroll (ask your employer if you\u2019re not sure)\n\nIf you have more than one job in a year, your interest rate will be based on your combined income from all your jobs.\n\n| Your annual income | Interest rate |\n\n| \u00a327,295 or less | RPI (currently 2.6%) |\n\n| \u00a327,296 to \u00a349,130 | RPI (currently 2.6%), plus up to 3% |\n\n| Over \u00a349,130 | RPI (currently 2.6%), plus 3% |\n\nYou must keep your contact details up to date in your online account and give the Student Loans Company (SLC) evidence if they ask for it. If you do not, you may be charged the higher interest rate even if your income is lower.\n\nYou can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.\n\n## If you have Plan 1 and Plan 2 loans\n\nYou pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 1 threshold (\u00a3382 a week or \u00a31,657 a month).\n\nIf your income is under the Plan 2 threshold (\u00a3524 a week or \u00a32,274 a month), your repayments only go towards your Plan 1 loan.\n\nIf your income is over the Plan 2 threshold, your repayments go towards both your loans.\n\n## Plan 4\n\nThe thresholds are \u00a3480 a week or \u00a32,083 a month (before tax and other deductions).\n\n## Interest on Plan 4\n\nYou currently pay interest of 1.1% on Plan 4. You can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.\n\n## If you have a Plan 4 loan and a Plan 1 loan\n\nYou pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 1 threshold (\u00a3382 a week or \u00a31,657 a month).\n\nIf your income is under the Plan 4 threshold (\u00a3480 a week or \u00a32,083 a month), your repayments only go towards your Plan 1 loan.\n\nIf your income is over the Plan 4 threshold, your repayments go towards both your loans.\n\n## If you have a Plan 4 loan and a Plan 2 loan\n\nYou pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 4 threshold (\u00a3480 a week or \u00a32,083 a month).\n\nIf your income is under the Plan 2 threshold (\u00a3524 a week or \u00a32,274 a month), your repayments only go towards your Plan 4 loan.\n\nIf your income is over the Plan 2 threshold, your repayments go towards both your loans.\n\n## Postgraduate Loan\n\nThe thresholds are \u00a3403 a week or \u00a31,750 a month (before tax and other deductions).\n\n## Interest on Postgraduate Loan\n\nYou currently pay interest of 5.6% on Postgraduate Loans.\n\nThe interest is made up of the Retail Price Index (RPI), plus 3%. RPI is currently set at 2.6%.\n\nYou can find out how the interest is calculated and interest rates for previous years.\n\n## If you have a Postgraduate Loan and a Plan 1, Plan 2 or Plan 4 loan\n\nYou pay back 6% of your income over the Postgraduate Loan threshold (\u00a3403 a week or \u00a31,750 a month). In addition, you\u2019ll pay back 9% of your income over the Plan 1, Plan 2 or Plan 4 threshold.\n\n## If your income changes during the year\n\nYou can ask for a refund if you make repayments but your total annual income (from 6 April to 5 April the following year) is less than:\n\n- \u00a319,895 a year for Plan 1\n\n- \u00a327,295 a year for Plan 2\n\n- \u00a325,000 a year for Plan 4\n\n- \u00a321,000 for Postgraduate Loans\n\n## If you have 2 or more jobs\n\nIf you\u2019re employed, your repayments will be taken out of your salary. The repayments will be from the jobs where you earn over the minimum amount, not your combined income.\n\n## If you need to send a Self Assessment tax return\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out how much you repay from your tax return. Your repayments are based on your income for the whole year. If you\u2019ve already made repayments from a salary, HMRC will deduct them from the amount you have to repay.\n\n## How to repay\n\nYour repayments will be taken out of your salary at the same time as tax and National Insurance if you\u2019re an employee. Your payslips will show how much has been deducted. You may need to tell your employer which repayment plan you\u2019re on.\n\nYou start repaying when your income is more than the minimum amount.\n\nThere\u2019s no penalty if you make extra repayments to pay some or all of your loan off early.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out how much you pay from your tax return. You pay at the same time as you pay your tax.\n\n## If you\u2019re an employee and you do a tax return\n\nIf you earn over the minimum amount, your employer will deduct loan repayments from your salary.\n\nCheck your payslips or P60 to see how much of your loan you\u2019ve paid off during the tax year. You\u2019ll need to include this information when you fill in your tax return.\n\nThe tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If you leave the UK for more than 3 months\n\nYou will need to tell the Student Loans Company (SLC). They will work out if you have to repay while you\u2019re not in the UK and if so, how much you need to pay.\n\nThe rules for repayment are the same as in the UK, apart from different repayment thresholds for each country.\n\nIf you\u2019re abroad, your repayment amounts are based on:\n\n- the minimum amount under Plan 1 for that country\n\n- the minimum amount under Plan 2 for that country\n\n- the minimum amount under Plan 4 for that country\n\n- the minimum amount under the Postgraduate Loan plan for that country\n\nOnce SLC have told you how much you need to repay, you can make repayments:\n\n- through your online account\n\n- by International Bank Transfer (IBAN)\n\n## Online account\n\nSign in to your online account to:\n\n- make a repayment using an international debit card\n\n- set up a direct debit\n\nYou can also use your online account to update your contact details and make extra repayments.\n\n## International Bank Transfer\n\nTo transfer money from a non-UK bank account, use the following details:\n\nIBAN: GB37NWBK60708010027254\nSWIFT: NWBKGB2L\nNatWest Government Banking Team\nNatWest Customer Service Centre\nBrampton Road\nNewcastle-under-Lyme\nStaffordshire\nST5 0QX\n\nUse one of these as your reference:\n\n- customer reference number\n\n- grant reference number (if it\u2019s for a grant repayment)\n\n## Checking your repayments\n\nYou can check your repayments and balance in your:\n\n- annual statements from SLC\n\n- online account\n\nIf your contact details change, you must update them in your online account.\n\n## Avoid paying more than you owe\n\nIf you have nearly repaid your loan, you may be able to make your final repayments by direct debit instead of from your salary.\n\nThis makes sure your employer will not accidentally take more than you owe.\n\nSLC will contact you in the final year of your loan repayments to let you know how to set up a direct debit.\n\nKeep your contact details up to date.\n\n## Make extra repayments\n\nYou can choose to make extra repayments towards your student loan. These are in addition to the repayments you must make when your income is over the threshold amount for your repayment plan.\n\nYou should only make extra repayments if you think you can pay off the full balance before the loan term ends. This is because your loan will be written off at the end of the term.\n\nThere\u2019s no penalty if you make extra repayments but they are not refundable.\n\nSpeak to a financial adviser if you\u2019re unsure whether you should make extra repayments or not.\n\nIf you decide to make an extra repayment, you can choose how it is applied to your loan. For example, you can use it to reduce the total balance of your loan or to reduce the balance of a specific plan (if you have more than one plan).\n\nIf you do not choose how the repayment is applied, the Student Loans Company (SLC) will decide how it\u2019s applied for you.\n\nIf you\u2019re a full time student from Wales, you may be able to get \u00a31,500 of your Maintenance Loan written off.\n\n## Make a repayment without signing into an account\n\nYou can make a card repayment towards your loan or someone else\u2019s without signing into an online account.\n\nYou need the person\u2019s surname and customer reference number.\n\n## Make extra repayments from the UK\n\nYou can make extra repayments:\n\n- through your online account\n\n- by bank transfer\n\n- by cheque\n\n## Online account\n\nSign in to your online account to:\n\n- make a repayment using a debit card\n\n- set up a direct debit\n\n## Bank transfer\n\nTo make a bank transfer or set-up a standing order from a UK bank account you must use the following bank details:\n\nAccount name: Student Loans Company\nSort code: 60 70 80\nAccount number: 10027254\n\nUse one of these as your reference:\n\n- customer reference number\n\n- grant reference number (if it\u2019s for a grant repayment)\n\n## Cheque\n\nTo pay by cheque make your cheque payable to Student Loans Company Ltd and write the customer reference number on the back.\n\nIt is taking longer than usual to process cheques because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Your cheque will be backdated and you will not build up additional interest because of the delay.\n\n## Make extra repayments from overseas\n\nYou can make extra repayments:\n\n- through your online account\n\n- by International Bank Transfer (IBAN)\n\n## Online account\n\nSign in to your online account to:\n\n- make a repayment using an international debit card\n\n- set up a direct debit\n\n## International Bank Transfer\n\nTo transfer money from a non-UK bank account, use the following details:\n\nIBAN: GB37NWBK60708010027254\nSWIFT: NWBKGB2L\nNatWest Government Banking Team\nNatWest Customer Service Centre\nBrampton Road\nNewcastle-under-Lyme\nStaffordshire\nST5 0QX\n\nUse one of these as your reference:\n\n- customer reference number\n\n- grant reference number (if it\u2019s for a grant repayment)\n\n## Pay your loan off in full\n\nCall or contact SLC on social media to find out:\n\n- the total amount you owe (this is called the \u2018settlement amount\u2019)\n\n- the date you need to pay by (this is called the \u2018settlement date\u2019)\n\nYou\u2019ll need your latest payslip if you\u2019re employed.\n\nOnce you know the total you owe, you can pay by debit card over the phone, bank transfer or cheque.\n\nIf you do not pay the settlement amount by the settlement date, you\u2019ll need to contact SLC again. This is because the amount you owe might have changed. You\u2019ll only need to provide any recent payslips or calculations since you last called.\n\n## Getting a refund\n\nYou can ask for a refund if:\n\n- you\u2019ve paid more than the total amount you owe\n\n- your annual income was below the threshold\n\n- you started making repayments before you needed to\n\nYou cannot get a refund for extra repayments.\n\n## If you pay back more than you owe\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell your employer to stop taking repayments from your salary when you have repaid your loan in full. It can take around 4 weeks for salary deductions to stop.\n\nThis means you may pay back more than you owe.\n\nYou can avoid paying more than you owe by changing your payments to direct debit in the final year of your repayments. Keep your contact details up to date so SLC can let you know how to set this up.\n\nIf you have paid too much the Student Loans Company (SLC) will try to:\n\n- contact you to tell you how to get a refund\n\n- refund you automatically (this will appear in your bank account as \u2018SLC Receipts\u2019)\n\nYou can check your loan balance in your online account.\n\nIf you\u2019ve overpaid and have not heard from SLC you can ask them for a refund.\n\n## If your annual income was below the threshold\n\nYou can ask for a refund if you made repayments but your income over the whole tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year) was less than:\n\n- \u00a319,895 a year for Plan 1\n\n- \u00a327,295 a year for Plan 2\n\n- \u00a325,000 a year for Plan 4\n\n- \u00a321,000 a year for Postgraduate Loan\n\nIf your annual salary is less than this, your employer may still deduct repayments - for example if you get paid a bonus or overtime.\n\nIf you\u2019re repaying a Plan 1, Plan 2 and Plan 4 loan, you can only get a refund if your income was less than \u00a319,895.\n\nYou can check previous thresholds if you ask about a refund on repayments made before this tax year.\n\n## If you started repaying before you needed to\n\nIf a deduction is taken from your salary before you\u2019re due to start repaying, you can ask for a refund.\n\n## How to ask for a refund\n\nCall or contact SLC on social media with your customer reference number.\n\nYou can contact SLC by post.\n\n## When your student loan gets written off or cancelled\n\nWhen your student loan gets written off depends on which repayment plan you\u2019re on.\n\nIf you\u2019re a full time student from Wales, you may be able to get \u00a31,500 of your Maintenance Loan written off.\n\n## When Plan 1 loans get written off\n\nWhen your Plan 1 loan gets written off depends on when you took out the loan.\n\n| Academic year you took out the loan | When the loan\u2019s written off |\n\n| 2005 to 2006, or earlier | When you\u2019re 65 |\n\n| 2006 to 2007, or later | 25 years after the April you were first due to repay |\n\n## When Plan 2 loans get written off\n\nPlan 2 loans are written off 30 years after the April you were first due to repay.\n\n## When Plan 4 loans get written off\n\n| Academic year you took out the loan | When the loan\u2019s written off |\n\n| 2006 to 2007, or earlier | When you\u2019re 65, or 30 years after the April you were first due to repay - whichever comes first |\n\n| 2007 to 2008, or later | 30 years after the April you were first due to repay |\n\n## When Postgraduate Loans get written off\n\nIf you\u2019re a student from England or Wales, your Postgraduate Loan will be written off 30 years after the April you were first due to repay.\n\nIf you\u2019re a postgraduate student from Northern Ireland, you\u2019re on Plan 1.\n\nIf you\u2019re a postgraduate student from Scotland, you\u2019re on Plan 4.\n\n## If someone with a student loan dies\n\nThe Student Loans Company (SLC) will cancel the person\u2019s student loan.\n\nYou need to let SLC know that the person has died and provide evidence (for example an original death certificate), as well as the person\u2019s Customer Reference Number.\n\n## If you can no longer work because of illness or disability\n\nSLC may be able to cancel your loan if you claim certain disability benefits. You\u2019ll need to provide evidence (for example a letter from the benefits agency) and your Customer Reference Number.\n\n## Update your employment details\n\nYou need to update your details if you:\n\n- leave the UK for more than 3 months\n\n- start a new job or become self-employed\n\n- stop working\n\n- get a letter or email from the Student Loans Company (SLC) asking you to update your employment details\n\nSLC use these details to work out if you should be repaying your loan.\n\nYou might get a higher interest rate if you do not update your details.\n\nStart now", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repaying-your-student-loan", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am going to be taking a sabbatical from work in 3 months and will then be working and living abroad outside of the EU for 12 months on less pay before returning to my job at the UK", + "original_question": "Will I still need to make payments if my salary equivalent in GBP is below the threshold?" + }, + { + "id": "train-607", + "question": "Scenario: I am considering listing my first employment opportunity for an administrator. I am unsure how to go about creating a job opening.\n\nQuestion: Is there any advice to be had over creating a job opportunity?\n\nDocument - Jobcentre Plus help for recruiters:\n## Overview\n\nJobcentre Plus has a range of recruitment services that can help you as an employer. You could get:\n\n- recruitment advice, including specialist support for businesses\n\n- help setting up work trials to give you the opportunity to try out potential recruits\n\n- advice about offering work experience and apprenticeships\n\n- support from other employment schemes including sector-based training and recruitment, and business mentoring\n\n- support if you employ someone with a disability\u00a0(Access to Work)\n\n- advice and guidance on employing someone with a disability or health condition\n\nYou can also advertise a job with the \u2018Find a job\u2019 service (previously Universal Jobmatch).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Recruitment advice and support\n\nContact the Employer Services Line for advice about recruiting for your business.\n\nIt can put you in touch with local \u2018employer advisors\u2019 if you need specific and practical advice. Employer advisors understand the local labour market and can help you:\n\n- design and word job vacancies\n\n- develop pre-employment training (specific to a job)\n\n- recruit in new and fair ways (such as offering flexible working patterns)\n\n- access Jobcentre Plus office facilities for recruitment (where available)\n\n- give your existing employees the chance to mentor people who want to work\n\n- get advice and support if you need to make redundancies\n\nThe Employer Services Line can also give general advice about recruitment.\n\n## Work trials\n\nA work trial is a short period in work you can offer to a jobseeker on benefits. It\u2019s a way for you both to see if the job is a good fit.\n\nIt happens after you\u2019ve interviewed them for a specific role. If they\u2019re not suitable for it, you do not need to offer it to them.\n\nJobseekers volunteer for a work trial. They keep getting their benefits whilst they\u2019re on it and are not paid a wage.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThe work trial must:\n\n- only be used as a way for you and the potential employee to decide if they\u2019re right for the role\n\n- be for a job where the jobseeker is the only person you\u2019re considering hiring\n\n- be for a job which is at least 16 hours a week for at least 13 weeks\n\nYou need to agree the length of the work trial with the jobseeker before it starts. It must:\n\n- end when you\u2019re sure about whether the jobseeker is suitable for the role\n\n- last no more than 5 days if the job is for less than 6 months\n\n- last no more than 30 days (and usually around 5 days) for jobs lasting 6 months or more\n\nThe work trial can be longer than 30 days if the jobseeker needs more time to adjust to being back at work. This needs to be agreed before the work trial starts.\n\nJobcentre Plus will check that the employee has volunteered for the trial and that it meets the eligibility criteria.\n\n## How to carry out a work trial\n\nYou need to agree a work trial with Jobcentre Plus before you offer it to a jobseeker.\n\nCall the Employer Services Line to find out more.\n\n## Work experience and apprenticeships\n\n## Work experience\n\nWork experience is available to:\n\n- all 18 to 24 year olds\n\n- people aged 25 and over who do not have any recent work history\n\nIf you offer a young person work experience you\u2019ll be helping to give them a better chance of finding work.\n\nRead the work experience guidance for employers to find out what\u2019s expected of you.\n\nCall the Employer Services Line if you want help to become a work experience host.\n\n## Apprenticeships\n\nThese are organised through the National Apprenticeship Service and often follow a period of work experience. They combine practical training with study.\n\nIf you take on an apprentice, you can get funding to train them. You might also be able to get an apprenticeship grant if you run a small or medium-sized business.\n\nApprenticeships are different in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Other employment schemes\n\nJobcentre Plus employment schemes can help you to recruit people as well as creating opportunities for people looking for work.\n\n## New Enterprise Allowance\n\nThis provides Jobcentre Plus claimants with mentoring and financial support to help start their own business. You can contact the provider in your area if you want to become a mentor.\n\n## Sector-based work academy programme\n\nThe sector-based work academy programme provides training, work experience and a guaranteed job interview. It can help you fill your vacancies more effectively.\n\nThe sector-based work academy programme is only available in England and Scotland.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jobcentre-plus-help-for-recruiters", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am considering listing my first employment opportunity for an administrator. I am unsure how to go about creating a job opening.", + "original_question": "Is there any advice to be had over creating a job opportunity?" + }, + { + "id": "train-609", + "question": "Scenario: I am due to make payments for Statutory Parental Bereavement. I am struggling to meet the current \u00a3151.97 per week due to cashflow issues.\n\nQuestion: Is there any help I can receive to pay this?\n\nDocument - Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay and Leave: employer guide:\n## Overview\n\nAn employee may be eligible for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if they or their partner either:\n\n- has a child who has died under 18 years old\n\n- had a stillbirth after 24 weeks of pregnancy\n\nThe death or stillbirth must have happened on or after 6 April 2020.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nAn employee can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave from the first day of their employment for each child who has died or was stillborn.\n\nThey can choose to take:\n\n- 2 weeks together\n\n- 2 separate weeks of leave\n\n- only one week of leave\n\nThe leave:\n\n- can start on or after the date of the death or stillbirth\n\n- must finish within 56 weeks of the date of the death or stillbirth\n\n## Taking leave with other types of statutory leave\n\nIf the employee was on another type of statutory leave when the death or stillbirth happened, Parental Bereavement Leave must start after that other leave has ended. This includes if the statutory leave is for another child.\n\nIf an employee\u2019s Parental Bereavement Leave is interrupted by the start of another type of statutory leave, they can take their remaining entitlement to Parental Bereavement Leave after that other leave has ended.\n\nThe remaining Parental Bereavement Leave must still be taken within 56 weeks of the date of death or stillbirth.\n\nParental Bereavement Leave can be taken between blocks of shared parental leave which had already been booked when the child died, even if the shared parental leave is for another child.\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nStatutory Parental Bereavement Pay for an eligible employee is either \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their average weekly earnings (whichever is lower). Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay using Basic PAYE tools or guidance on manual calculation.\n\nSome employment types, like agency workers, directors and educational workers, have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nYour company can offer more leave and pay but you can only recover 2 weeks\u2019 payment for each employee and for each death.\n\nYou should make sure your Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay policies are clear and easily accessible to staff.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s rights (like the right to pay rises, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during Parental Bereavement Leave.\n\nYou still have to pay Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo qualify for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, an employee must meet the criteria both as a parent (including if they had day to day responsibility) and an employee. They might not be eligible for both.\n\n## If the employee was the child\u2019s parent or the parent\u2019s partner\n\nAn employee will be eligible if, at the time of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they were:\n\n- the child\u2019s or baby\u2019s parent - either biological, adoptive or parent of a child born to a surrogate\n\n- the partner of the child\u2019s or baby\u2019s parent\n\nBiological parents are not eligible once an adoption or parental order has been made unless there was a contact order in place after the adoption.\n\n## If the employee was not the child\u2019s parent but had day to day responsibility for the child\n\nAn employee may be eligible if they or their partner had:\n\n- the child or baby living with them at their home for 4 continuous weeks, ending with the date of the death\n\n- day to day responsibility for the child or baby\u2019s care during that time\n\nIf the employee or their partner was paid to look after the child, they\u2019re not entitled to leave or pay unless they were:\n\n- a foster parent paid a fee or allowance by a local authority\n\n- reimbursed for expenses to do with the care of the child or baby\n\n- getting payments under the terms of a will or trust for the child or baby\u2019s care\n\nAn employee is not eligible if one of the child or baby\u2019s parents or someone who had parental responsibility (parental responsibilities in Scotland) for the child was also living in the household.\n\n## If the employee was an adoptive parent\n\nIf they or their partner was an adoptive parent, an employee is eligible:\n\n- after the adoption order was granted\n\n- before the adoption order was granted, if the child was placed with them for adoption and the placement was not disrupted (for example, being temporarily placed elsewhere) or stopped\n\n## If the employee was an adoptive parent of a child from outside the United Kingdom\n\nIf the employee or their partner was adopting a child from outside the United Kingdom and the court order had not yet been made, they may still be eligible. Both of the following must apply:\n\n- the child was living with them after entering Great Britain\n\n- they have the \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming they were allowed to adopt\n\n## If the employee had a baby with the help of a surrogate parent\n\nIf they or their partner were a parent of a child born to a surrogate, an employee is eligible:\n\n- after a parental order was made\n\n- before a parental order was made if they had applied or intended to apply for a parental order within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth and expected it to be granted\n\n## Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nTo get Parental Bereavement Leave, the employee must also:\n\n- be classed as an employee - it does not matter how long they\u2019ve worked for you\n\n- give you the correct notice for Parental Bereavement Leave\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nTo get Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, the employee must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to the end of the \u2018relevant week\u2019. The \u2018relevant week\u2019 is the week (ending with a Saturday) immediately before the week of the death or stillbirth.\n\nThey must also:\n\n- remain employed by you up to the day the child dies or is stillborn\n\n- earn on average \u00a3120 a week (gross)\n\n- give you the correct notice for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nUse the guidance on manual calculation to check entitlement and to work out the relevant week.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave or become sick.\n\n## Notice period\n\nAn employee must give notice for Parental Bereavement Leave as well as evidence for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay.\n\n## Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nAn employee has 56 weeks to take Parental Bereavement Leave. This starts from the date of the child\u2019s death.\n\nThe 56 weeks is split into 2 periods:\n\n- from the date of the death or stillbirth to 8 weeks after\n\n- 9 to 56 weeks after the date of the death or stillbirth\n\nThey can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave in one block or as 2 separate blocks of one week.\n\nYou must get notice from the employee before they take Parental Bereavement Leave. How much notice depends on when they\u2019re taking leave.\n\n## 0 to 8 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\nAn employee must give you notice before the time they would normally start work on the first day of the period they want to take off work.\n\n## 9 to 56 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\nAn employee must give you at least one week\u2019s notice before the start of the week or weeks they want to take off work.\n\n## How employees should give you notice\n\nThey should tell you:\n\n- the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\n- when they want their Parental Bereavement Leave to begin\n\n- how much leave they are taking - either 1 or 2 weeks\n\nAn employee can give you notice informally, for example by phone, text message or email.\n\nYou cannot ask for:\n\n- notice for leave in writing (such as following up with an email, letter or form)\n\n- notice to cancel leave in writing\n\n- evidence of entitlement for leave\n\n- details about the employee\u2019s relationship to the child or baby\n\n## Cancelling Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nAn employee can cancel their Parental Bereavement Leave if they\u2019ve given you more than the required notice for taking leave.\n\nIf they were starting the leave within 8 weeks of the death or stillbirth, they must let you know about the cancellation no later than the time they would normally start work on the first day of planned leave.\n\nIf they were starting the leave 9 weeks or later after the death or stillbirth, they must let you know no later than one week before the start of the planned leave.\n\nThey can rebook another week\u2019s leave if they cancel before the leave was due to start and they give you the correct notice.\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nAn employee must ask for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay within 28 days, starting with the first day of the week they want to claim pay for.\n\nThey must give you in writing (for example, a letter or email) each time:\n\n- the dates of the period the want to claim Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\n- their name\n\n- the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\nThe employee will also need to give you a self declaration to confirm they are eligible because of their relationship to the child or baby - they only need to provide this once when they first ask for pay.\n\n## Cancelling Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nAn employee can cancel their Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if they\u2019ve given you more than the required notice for claiming pay.\n\nIf their pay was due to start within 8 weeks of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they must give you notice on the first day of the week of pay they want to cancel.\n\nIf their pay was due to start 9 weeks or later after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they must tell you they want to cancel one week before their pay was due to start.\n\n## Non-payment form\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if the employee does not qualify.\n\nTo do this, send them a completed non-payment form (SPBP1) or your own equivalent form within 28 days of their pay request with evidence. You should keep a record of the week which was refused and the reason why.\n\nIf an employee is unhappy with your decision, they can contact the HMRC Statutory Payments Disputes Team. They must do this within 6 months of the start date of the Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay period they claimed.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- the start date for any period Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay was paid\n\n- the payments you\u2019ve made (including dates)\n\n- a copy of the evidence of entitlement from the employee for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay including their written declaration, name and date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\n- details of any weeks the employee claimed Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay but you did not pay and the reason why\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.\n\nYou can use HMRC\u2019s record keeping form (SPBP2) or your own.\n\n## Get help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments\n\n## Apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments\n\nYou can apply online for an advance to pay for an employee\u2019s Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay.\n\nBefore you start, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your employer PAYE reference\n\n- your payment or account office reference numbers - this is on the letter when you first registered as an employer\n\n- the amount of tax or National Insurance owed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- bank or building society details for you or the third party it\u2019s being paid to\n\n- a completed R38 form if the advance is being paid to a third party\n\nYou\u2019ll also need information about the employee including their:\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- average weekly earnings\n\n- parental bereavement leave and pay arrangements - you can get this information from their self declaration\n\nYour advance can be paid either by BACS or payable order.\n\nContact HMRC if you\u2019ve got questions about advance payments.\n\n## Apply online\n\nApply online for an advance if you have a Government Gateway user ID and password.\n\nIf you do not have a Government Gateway user ID and password, you can apply online for an advance using a valid email address.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nIf the advance is being paid to a third party and you\u2019re sending a completed R38 form by post, send it to HMRC within 4 weeks of applying for an advance.\n\nOnce your application has been approved, the money will be paid to the bank or building society account you provided or you\u2019ll be sent a cheque (payable order), depending on which payment option you chose.\n\nIf there are any issues with your application, HMRC will contact you directly.\n\n## Paying back your advance payment\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay back your advance payment through Employer Payment Summary (EPS).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-parental-bereavement-pay-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am due to make payments for Statutory Parental Bereavement. I am struggling to meet the current \u00a3151.97 per week due to cashflow issues.", + "original_question": "Is there any help I can receive to pay this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-610", + "question": "Scenario: My employee has requested Statutory Parental Bereavement pay. They have been taking care of the child for five continuous weeks, ending on the 25th July 2021. This was the date the child died. They were unpaid for the period of caring.\n\nQuestion: Would this employee be eligible for the bereavement pay?\n\nDocument - Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay and Leave: employer guide:\n## Overview\n\nAn employee may be eligible for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if they or their partner either:\n\n- has a child who has died under 18 years old\n\n- had a stillbirth after 24 weeks of pregnancy\n\nThe death or stillbirth must have happened on or after 6 April 2020.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nAn employee can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave from the first day of their employment for each child who has died or was stillborn.\n\nThey can choose to take:\n\n- 2 weeks together\n\n- 2 separate weeks of leave\n\n- only one week of leave\n\nThe leave:\n\n- can start on or after the date of the death or stillbirth\n\n- must finish within 56 weeks of the date of the death or stillbirth\n\n## Taking leave with other types of statutory leave\n\nIf the employee was on another type of statutory leave when the death or stillbirth happened, Parental Bereavement Leave must start after that other leave has ended. This includes if the statutory leave is for another child.\n\nIf an employee\u2019s Parental Bereavement Leave is interrupted by the start of another type of statutory leave, they can take their remaining entitlement to Parental Bereavement Leave after that other leave has ended.\n\nThe remaining Parental Bereavement Leave must still be taken within 56 weeks of the date of death or stillbirth.\n\nParental Bereavement Leave can be taken between blocks of shared parental leave which had already been booked when the child died, even if the shared parental leave is for another child.\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nStatutory Parental Bereavement Pay for an eligible employee is either \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their average weekly earnings (whichever is lower). Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay using Basic PAYE tools or guidance on manual calculation.\n\nSome employment types, like agency workers, directors and educational workers, have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nYour company can offer more leave and pay but you can only recover 2 weeks\u2019 payment for each employee and for each death.\n\nYou should make sure your Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay policies are clear and easily accessible to staff.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s rights (like the right to pay rises, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during Parental Bereavement Leave.\n\nYou still have to pay Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo qualify for Parental Bereavement Leave and Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, an employee must meet the criteria both as a parent (including if they had day to day responsibility) and an employee. They might not be eligible for both.\n\n## If the employee was the child\u2019s parent or the parent\u2019s partner\n\nAn employee will be eligible if, at the time of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they were:\n\n- the child\u2019s or baby\u2019s parent - either biological, adoptive or parent of a child born to a surrogate\n\n- the partner of the child\u2019s or baby\u2019s parent\n\nBiological parents are not eligible once an adoption or parental order has been made unless there was a contact order in place after the adoption.\n\n## If the employee was not the child\u2019s parent but had day to day responsibility for the child\n\nAn employee may be eligible if they or their partner had:\n\n- the child or baby living with them at their home for 4 continuous weeks, ending with the date of the death\n\n- day to day responsibility for the child or baby\u2019s care during that time\n\nIf the employee or their partner was paid to look after the child, they\u2019re not entitled to leave or pay unless they were:\n\n- a foster parent paid a fee or allowance by a local authority\n\n- reimbursed for expenses to do with the care of the child or baby\n\n- getting payments under the terms of a will or trust for the child or baby\u2019s care\n\nAn employee is not eligible if one of the child or baby\u2019s parents or someone who had parental responsibility (parental responsibilities in Scotland) for the child was also living in the household.\n\n## If the employee was an adoptive parent\n\nIf they or their partner was an adoptive parent, an employee is eligible:\n\n- after the adoption order was granted\n\n- before the adoption order was granted, if the child was placed with them for adoption and the placement was not disrupted (for example, being temporarily placed elsewhere) or stopped\n\n## If the employee was an adoptive parent of a child from outside the United Kingdom\n\nIf the employee or their partner was adopting a child from outside the United Kingdom and the court order had not yet been made, they may still be eligible. Both of the following must apply:\n\n- the child was living with them after entering Great Britain\n\n- they have the \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming they were allowed to adopt\n\n## If the employee had a baby with the help of a surrogate parent\n\nIf they or their partner were a parent of a child born to a surrogate, an employee is eligible:\n\n- after a parental order was made\n\n- before a parental order was made if they had applied or intended to apply for a parental order within 6 months of the child\u2019s birth and expected it to be granted\n\n## Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nTo get Parental Bereavement Leave, the employee must also:\n\n- be classed as an employee - it does not matter how long they\u2019ve worked for you\n\n- give you the correct notice for Parental Bereavement Leave\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nTo get Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay, the employee must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to the end of the \u2018relevant week\u2019. The \u2018relevant week\u2019 is the week (ending with a Saturday) immediately before the week of the death or stillbirth.\n\nThey must also:\n\n- remain employed by you up to the day the child dies or is stillborn\n\n- earn on average \u00a3120 a week (gross)\n\n- give you the correct notice for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nUse the guidance on manual calculation to check entitlement and to work out the relevant week.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave or become sick.\n\n## Notice period\n\nAn employee must give notice for Parental Bereavement Leave as well as evidence for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay.\n\n## Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nAn employee has 56 weeks to take Parental Bereavement Leave. This starts from the date of the child\u2019s death.\n\nThe 56 weeks is split into 2 periods:\n\n- from the date of the death or stillbirth to 8 weeks after\n\n- 9 to 56 weeks after the date of the death or stillbirth\n\nThey can take 2 weeks\u2019 leave in one block or as 2 separate blocks of one week.\n\nYou must get notice from the employee before they take Parental Bereavement Leave. How much notice depends on when they\u2019re taking leave.\n\n## 0 to 8 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\nAn employee must give you notice before the time they would normally start work on the first day of the period they want to take off work.\n\n## 9 to 56 weeks after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\nAn employee must give you at least one week\u2019s notice before the start of the week or weeks they want to take off work.\n\n## How employees should give you notice\n\nThey should tell you:\n\n- the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\n- when they want their Parental Bereavement Leave to begin\n\n- how much leave they are taking - either 1 or 2 weeks\n\nAn employee can give you notice informally, for example by phone, text message or email.\n\nYou cannot ask for:\n\n- notice for leave in writing (such as following up with an email, letter or form)\n\n- notice to cancel leave in writing\n\n- evidence of entitlement for leave\n\n- details about the employee\u2019s relationship to the child or baby\n\n## Cancelling Parental Bereavement Leave\n\nAn employee can cancel their Parental Bereavement Leave if they\u2019ve given you more than the required notice for taking leave.\n\nIf they were starting the leave within 8 weeks of the death or stillbirth, they must let you know about the cancellation no later than the time they would normally start work on the first day of planned leave.\n\nIf they were starting the leave 9 weeks or later after the death or stillbirth, they must let you know no later than one week before the start of the planned leave.\n\nThey can rebook another week\u2019s leave if they cancel before the leave was due to start and they give you the correct notice.\n\n## Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nAn employee must ask for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay within 28 days, starting with the first day of the week they want to claim pay for.\n\nThey must give you in writing (for example, a letter or email) each time:\n\n- the dates of the period the want to claim Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\n- their name\n\n- the date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\nThe employee will also need to give you a self declaration to confirm they are eligible because of their relationship to the child or baby - they only need to provide this once when they first ask for pay.\n\n## Cancelling Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay\n\nAn employee can cancel their Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if they\u2019ve given you more than the required notice for claiming pay.\n\nIf their pay was due to start within 8 weeks of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they must give you notice on the first day of the week of pay they want to cancel.\n\nIf their pay was due to start 9 weeks or later after the child\u2019s death or stillbirth, they must tell you they want to cancel one week before their pay was due to start.\n\n## Non-payment form\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay if the employee does not qualify.\n\nTo do this, send them a completed non-payment form (SPBP1) or your own equivalent form within 28 days of their pay request with evidence. You should keep a record of the week which was refused and the reason why.\n\nIf an employee is unhappy with your decision, they can contact the HMRC Statutory Payments Disputes Team. They must do this within 6 months of the start date of the Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay period they claimed.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- the start date for any period Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay was paid\n\n- the payments you\u2019ve made (including dates)\n\n- a copy of the evidence of entitlement from the employee for Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay including their written declaration, name and date of the child\u2019s death or stillbirth\n\n- details of any weeks the employee claimed Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay but you did not pay and the reason why\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.\n\nYou can use HMRC\u2019s record keeping form (SPBP2) or your own.\n\n## Get help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments\n\n## Apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments\n\nYou can apply online for an advance to pay for an employee\u2019s Statutory Parental Bereavement Pay.\n\nBefore you start, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your employer PAYE reference\n\n- your payment or account office reference numbers - this is on the letter when you first registered as an employer\n\n- the amount of tax or National Insurance owed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- bank or building society details for you or the third party it\u2019s being paid to\n\n- a completed R38 form if the advance is being paid to a third party\n\nYou\u2019ll also need information about the employee including their:\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- average weekly earnings\n\n- parental bereavement leave and pay arrangements - you can get this information from their self declaration\n\nYour advance can be paid either by BACS or payable order.\n\nContact HMRC if you\u2019ve got questions about advance payments.\n\n## Apply online\n\nApply online for an advance if you have a Government Gateway user ID and password.\n\nIf you do not have a Government Gateway user ID and password, you can apply online for an advance using a valid email address.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nIf the advance is being paid to a third party and you\u2019re sending a completed R38 form by post, send it to HMRC within 4 weeks of applying for an advance.\n\nOnce your application has been approved, the money will be paid to the bank or building society account you provided or you\u2019ll be sent a cheque (payable order), depending on which payment option you chose.\n\nIf there are any issues with your application, HMRC will contact you directly.\n\n## Paying back your advance payment\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay back your advance payment through Employer Payment Summary (EPS).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-parental-bereavement-pay-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My employee has requested Statutory Parental Bereavement pay. They have been taking care of the child for five continuous weeks, ending on the 25th July 2021. This was the date the child died. They were unpaid for the period of caring.", + "original_question": "Would this employee be eligible for the bereavement pay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-611", + "question": "Scenario: My employee requested statutory maternity pay 26 weeks ago. My business has had to stop trading due to financial issues. I have stopped paying the statutory maternity pay, but the employee has complained.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to keep paying statutory maternity pay?\n\nDocument - Statutory Maternity Pay and Leave: employer guide:\n## Entitlement\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nEligible employees can take up to 52 weeks\u2019 maternity leave. The first 26 weeks is known as \u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019, the last 26 weeks as \u2018Additional Maternity Leave\u2019.\n\nThe earliest that leave can be taken is 11 weeks before the expected week of childbirth, unless the baby is born early.\n\nEmployees must take at least 2 weeks after the birth (or 4 weeks if they\u2019re a factory worker).\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nSMP for eligible employees can be paid for up to 39 weeks, usually as follows:\n\n- the first 6 weeks: 90% of their average weekly earnings (AWE) before tax\n\n- the remaining 33 weeks: \u00a3151.97 or 90% of their AWE (whichever is lower)\n\nTax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nUse the SMP calculator to work out an employee\u2019s maternity leave and pay.\n\nSome employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nYou can offer more than the statutory amounts if you have a company maternity scheme. You must make sure your maternity leave and pay policies are clear and available to staff.\n\n## If the baby is born early\n\nLeave starts the day after the birth if the baby is born early.\n\nThe employee must give you the child\u2019s birth certificate or a document signed by a doctor or midwife that confirms the actual date of birth.\n\nYou must write to them confirming the new end date for their leave.\n\nFor very premature births where the child is born 15 weeks or more before the due date, you\u2019ll need to calculate SMP using your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.\n\n## If the baby dies\n\nEmployees still qualify for leave or pay if the baby:\n\n- is stillborn after the start of the 24th week of pregnancy\n\n- dies after being born\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during maternity leave.\n\nYou still have to pay SMP even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility and proof of pregnancy\n\nSome employees will not qualify for both leave and pay.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- have an employment contract - it does not matter how long they\u2019ve worked for you\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- be on your payroll in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 - the 15th week before the expected week of childbirth\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- give you proof they\u2019re pregnant\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the qualifying week\n\n- earn at least \u00a3120 a week (gross) in an 8-week \u2018relevant period\u2019\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nUse the maternity pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their relevant period, notice period and statutory maternity pay.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations (for example if they leave, become sick or their baby is born before the qualifying week).\n\n## Proof of pregnancy\n\nYou must get proof of the pregnancy before you pay SMP. This is usually a doctor\u2019s letter or a maternity certificate (known as an MATB1 certificate). Midwives and doctors usually issue these 20 weeks before the due date.\n\nThe employee should give you proof within 21 days of the SMP start date. You can agree to accept it later if you want. You do not have to pay SMP if you have not received proof of the due date 13 weeks after the SMP start date.\n\nYou must keep records of the proof of pregnancy.\n\nEmployees not entitled to SMP may be able to get Maternity Allowance instead.\n\n## Notice period\n\nNotice does not have to be in writing unless you request it.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the baby is expected, your employees must tell you the date that:\n\n- the baby is due\n\n- they want to start their maternity leave - they can change this with 28 days\u2019 notice\n\nYou must then confirm their leave start and end dates in writing within 28 days.\n\nEmployees can change their return to work date if they give 8 weeks\u2019 notice.\n\nYou cannot refuse maternity leave or change the amount of leave your employees want to take.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nYour employees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice of the date they want to start their SMP. This is usually the same date they want to start their leave.\n\nYou can refuse to pay SMP if your employee does not give you this notice and they do not give you a reasonable excuse.\n\n## Refuse pay form SMP1\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) if the employee does not qualify. They may be able to get Maternity Allowance instead.\n\nTo refuse it, give the employee the SMP1 form within 7 days of your decision. They must get this form within 28 days of their request for Statutory Maternity Pay or the birth (whichever is earlier).\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- proof of pregnancy - usually a doctor\u2019s note or a MATB1 certificate (a photocopy is fine)\n\n- the date SMP began\n\n- your SMP payments (including dates)\n\n- the SMP you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to, for example by using form SMP2 or keeping your own records.\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My employee requested statutory maternity pay 26 weeks ago. My business has had to stop trading due to financial issues. I have stopped paying the statutory maternity pay, but the employee has complained.", + "original_question": "Do I need to keep paying statutory maternity pay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-612", + "question": "Scenario: I gave in my notice 1-week late for statutory maternity leave and pay. I am eligible for statutory maternity pay, but have been refused this due to my late notice.\n\nQuestion: Is my employer allowed to refuse my statutory maternity pay on this basis?\n\nDocument - Statutory Maternity Pay and Leave: employer guide:\n## Entitlement\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nEligible employees can take up to 52 weeks\u2019 maternity leave. The first 26 weeks is known as \u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019, the last 26 weeks as \u2018Additional Maternity Leave\u2019.\n\nThe earliest that leave can be taken is 11 weeks before the expected week of childbirth, unless the baby is born early.\n\nEmployees must take at least 2 weeks after the birth (or 4 weeks if they\u2019re a factory worker).\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nSMP for eligible employees can be paid for up to 39 weeks, usually as follows:\n\n- the first 6 weeks: 90% of their average weekly earnings (AWE) before tax\n\n- the remaining 33 weeks: \u00a3151.97 or 90% of their AWE (whichever is lower)\n\nTax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nUse the SMP calculator to work out an employee\u2019s maternity leave and pay.\n\nSome employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nYou can offer more than the statutory amounts if you have a company maternity scheme. You must make sure your maternity leave and pay policies are clear and available to staff.\n\n## If the baby is born early\n\nLeave starts the day after the birth if the baby is born early.\n\nThe employee must give you the child\u2019s birth certificate or a document signed by a doctor or midwife that confirms the actual date of birth.\n\nYou must write to them confirming the new end date for their leave.\n\nFor very premature births where the child is born 15 weeks or more before the due date, you\u2019ll need to calculate SMP using your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.\n\n## If the baby dies\n\nEmployees still qualify for leave or pay if the baby:\n\n- is stillborn after the start of the 24th week of pregnancy\n\n- dies after being born\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during maternity leave.\n\nYou still have to pay SMP even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility and proof of pregnancy\n\nSome employees will not qualify for both leave and pay.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- have an employment contract - it does not matter how long they\u2019ve worked for you\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- be on your payroll in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 - the 15th week before the expected week of childbirth\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- give you proof they\u2019re pregnant\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the qualifying week\n\n- earn at least \u00a3120 a week (gross) in an 8-week \u2018relevant period\u2019\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nUse the maternity pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their relevant period, notice period and statutory maternity pay.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations (for example if they leave, become sick or their baby is born before the qualifying week).\n\n## Proof of pregnancy\n\nYou must get proof of the pregnancy before you pay SMP. This is usually a doctor\u2019s letter or a maternity certificate (known as an MATB1 certificate). Midwives and doctors usually issue these 20 weeks before the due date.\n\nThe employee should give you proof within 21 days of the SMP start date. You can agree to accept it later if you want. You do not have to pay SMP if you have not received proof of the due date 13 weeks after the SMP start date.\n\nYou must keep records of the proof of pregnancy.\n\nEmployees not entitled to SMP may be able to get Maternity Allowance instead.\n\n## Notice period\n\nNotice does not have to be in writing unless you request it.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the baby is expected, your employees must tell you the date that:\n\n- the baby is due\n\n- they want to start their maternity leave - they can change this with 28 days\u2019 notice\n\nYou must then confirm their leave start and end dates in writing within 28 days.\n\nEmployees can change their return to work date if they give 8 weeks\u2019 notice.\n\nYou cannot refuse maternity leave or change the amount of leave your employees want to take.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nYour employees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice of the date they want to start their SMP. This is usually the same date they want to start their leave.\n\nYou can refuse to pay SMP if your employee does not give you this notice and they do not give you a reasonable excuse.\n\n## Refuse pay form SMP1\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) if the employee does not qualify. They may be able to get Maternity Allowance instead.\n\nTo refuse it, give the employee the SMP1 form within 7 days of your decision. They must get this form within 28 days of their request for Statutory Maternity Pay or the birth (whichever is earlier).\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- proof of pregnancy - usually a doctor\u2019s note or a MATB1 certificate (a photocopy is fine)\n\n- the date SMP began\n\n- your SMP payments (including dates)\n\n- the SMP you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to, for example by using form SMP2 or keeping your own records.\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I gave in my notice 1-week late for statutory maternity leave and pay. I am eligible for statutory maternity pay, but have been refused this due to my late notice.", + "original_question": "Is my employer allowed to refuse my statutory maternity pay on this basis?" + }, + { + "id": "train-613", + "question": "Scenario: We are a start-up company and currently have 5 employees. We are planning to recruit for a new role. We interviewed a disabled person and happy with him.\n\nQuestion: Can Jobcentre Plus can guide us to employ someone with a disability ?\n\nDocument - Jobcentre Plus help for recruiters:\n## Overview\n\nJobcentre Plus has a range of recruitment services that can help you as an employer. You could get:\n\n- recruitment advice, including specialist support for businesses\n\n- help setting up work trials to give you the opportunity to try out potential recruits\n\n- advice about offering work experience and apprenticeships\n\n- support from other employment schemes including sector-based training and recruitment, and business mentoring\n\n- support if you employ someone with a disability\u00a0(Access to Work)\n\n- advice and guidance on employing someone with a disability or health condition\n\nYou can also advertise a job with the \u2018Find a job\u2019 service (previously Universal Jobmatch).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Recruitment advice and support\n\nContact the Employer Services Line for advice about recruiting for your business.\n\nIt can put you in touch with local \u2018employer advisors\u2019 if you need specific and practical advice. Employer advisors understand the local labour market and can help you:\n\n- design and word job vacancies\n\n- develop pre-employment training (specific to a job)\n\n- recruit in new and fair ways (such as offering flexible working patterns)\n\n- access Jobcentre Plus office facilities for recruitment (where available)\n\n- give your existing employees the chance to mentor people who want to work\n\n- get advice and support if you need to make redundancies\n\nThe Employer Services Line can also give general advice about recruitment.\n\n## Work trials\n\nA work trial is a short period in work you can offer to a jobseeker on benefits. It\u2019s a way for you both to see if the job is a good fit.\n\nIt happens after you\u2019ve interviewed them for a specific role. If they\u2019re not suitable for it, you do not need to offer it to them.\n\nJobseekers volunteer for a work trial. They keep getting their benefits whilst they\u2019re on it and are not paid a wage.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThe work trial must:\n\n- only be used as a way for you and the potential employee to decide if they\u2019re right for the role\n\n- be for a job where the jobseeker is the only person you\u2019re considering hiring\n\n- be for a job which is at least 16 hours a week for at least 13 weeks\n\nYou need to agree the length of the work trial with the jobseeker before it starts. It must:\n\n- end when you\u2019re sure about whether the jobseeker is suitable for the role\n\n- last no more than 5 days if the job is for less than 6 months\n\n- last no more than 30 days (and usually around 5 days) for jobs lasting 6 months or more\n\nThe work trial can be longer than 30 days if the jobseeker needs more time to adjust to being back at work. This needs to be agreed before the work trial starts.\n\nJobcentre Plus will check that the employee has volunteered for the trial and that it meets the eligibility criteria.\n\n## How to carry out a work trial\n\nYou need to agree a work trial with Jobcentre Plus before you offer it to a jobseeker.\n\nCall the Employer Services Line to find out more.\n\n## Work experience and apprenticeships\n\n## Work experience\n\nWork experience is available to:\n\n- all 18 to 24 year olds\n\n- people aged 25 and over who do not have any recent work history\n\nIf you offer a young person work experience you\u2019ll be helping to give them a better chance of finding work.\n\nRead the work experience guidance for employers to find out what\u2019s expected of you.\n\nCall the Employer Services Line if you want help to become a work experience host.\n\n## Apprenticeships\n\nThese are organised through the National Apprenticeship Service and often follow a period of work experience. They combine practical training with study.\n\nIf you take on an apprentice, you can get funding to train them. You might also be able to get an apprenticeship grant if you run a small or medium-sized business.\n\nApprenticeships are different in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Other employment schemes\n\nJobcentre Plus employment schemes can help you to recruit people as well as creating opportunities for people looking for work.\n\n## New Enterprise Allowance\n\nThis provides Jobcentre Plus claimants with mentoring and financial support to help start their own business. You can contact the provider in your area if you want to become a mentor.\n\n## Sector-based work academy programme\n\nThe sector-based work academy programme provides training, work experience and a guaranteed job interview. It can help you fill your vacancies more effectively.\n\nThe sector-based work academy programme is only available in England and Scotland.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jobcentre-plus-help-for-recruiters", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are a start-up company and currently have 5 employees. We are planning to recruit for a new role. We interviewed a disabled person and happy with him.", + "original_question": "Can Jobcentre Plus can guide us to employ someone with a disability ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-615", + "question": "Scenario: I have got a job offer as a chef in one of the leading hotels. This is my first job after university. I want to acquire more information about my rights and also wages.\n\nQuestion: Can i get full details of my employment rights and expectations?\n\nDocument - Contract types and employer responsibilities:\n## Overview\n\nAs an employer, the tax and employment responsibilities you have for your staff will depend on the type of contract you give them and their employment status.\n\nContract types include:\n\n- full-time and part-time contracts\n\n- fixed-term contracts\n\n- agency staff\n\n- freelancers, consultants, contractors\n\n- zero-hours contracts\n\nThere are also special rules for employing family members, young people and volunteers.\n\n## Full-time and part-time contracts\n\nAs an employer you must give employees:\n\n- a written statement of employment or contract\n\n- the statutory minimum level of paid holiday\n\n- a payslip showing all deductions, such as National Insurance contributions (NICs)\n\n- the statutory minimum length of rest breaks\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)\n\n- maternity, paternity and adoption pay and leave\n\nYou must also:\n\n- make sure employees do not work longer than the maximum allowed\n\n- pay employees at least the minimum wage\n\n- have employer\u2019s liability insurance\n\n- provide a safe and secure working environment\n\n- register with HM Revenue and Customs to deal with payroll, tax and NICs\n\n- consider flexible working requests\n\n- avoid discrimination in the workplace\n\n- make reasonable adjustments to your business premises if your employee is disabled\n\n## Fixed-term contracts\n\nFixed-term contracts:\n\n- last for a certain length of time\n\n- are set in advance\n\n- end when a specific task is completed\n\n- end when a specific event takes place\n\nFixed-term employees must receive the same treatment as full-time permanent staff.\n\nFind out more about fixed-term employees\u2019 rights, and what to do about renewing or ending a fixed-term contract.\n\n## Agency staff\n\nAs an employer, you can hire temporary staff through agencies. This means:\n\n- you pay the agency, including the employee\u2019s National Insurance contributions (NICs) and Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)\n\n- it\u2019s the agency\u2019s responsibility to make sure workers get their rights under working time regulations\n\n- after 12 weeks\u2019 continuous employment in the same role, agency workers get the same terms and conditions as permanent employees, including pay, working time, rest periods, night work, breaks and annual leave\n\n- you must provide the agency with information about the relevant terms and conditions in your business so that they can ensure the worker gets equal treatment after 12 weeks in the same job\n\n- you must allow agency workers to use any shared facilities (for example a staff canteen or childcare) and give them information about job vacancies from the first day they work there\n\n- you are still responsible for their health and safety\n\n## Freelancers, consultants and contractors\n\nIf you hire a freelancer, consultant or contractor it means that:\n\n- they are self-employed or are part of other companies\n\n- they often look after their own tax and National Insurance contributions (NICs)\n\n- they might not be entitled to the same rights as workers, such as minimum wage\n\n- you\u2019re still responsible for their health and safety\n\n## Zero-hours contracts\n\nZero-hours contracts are also known as casual contracts. Zero-hours contracts are usually for \u2018piece work\u2019 or \u2018on call\u2019 work, for example for interpreters.\n\nThis means:\n\n- they are on call to work when you need them\n\n- you do not have to give them work\n\n- they do not have to do work when asked\n\nZero-hours workers are entitled to statutory annual leave and the National Minimum Wage in the same way as regular workers.\n\nYou cannot do anything to stop a zero-hours worker from getting work elsewhere. The law says they can ignore a clause in their contract if it bans them from:\n\n- looking for work\n\n- accepting work from another employer\n\nYou are still responsible for health and safety of staff on zero-hours contracts.\n\n## Employing family, young people and volunteers\n\n## Family\n\nIf you hire family members you must:\n\n- avoid special treatment in terms of pay, promotion and working conditions\n\n- make sure tax and National Insurance contributions are still paid\n\n- follow working time regulations for younger family members\n\n- have employer\u2019s liability insurance that covers any young family members\n\n- check if you need to provide them with a workplace pension scheme\n\n## Volunteers and voluntary staff\n\nWhen taking on volunteers or voluntary staff you:\n\n- are responsible for their health and safety\n\n- must give inductions and training in the tasks they\u2019re going to do\n\n## Young people\n\nYou can employ young people if they are 13 or over but there are special rules about how long they can work and what jobs they can do. Once someone is 18 they\u2019re classed as an \u2018adult worker\u2019 and different rules apply.\n\nAs well as following these rules you must do a risk assessment before taking on young workers.\n\nYoung people may also have certain employment rights like:\n\n- statutory maternity pay and ordinary statutory paternity pay if they qualify as a result of their continuous employment\n\n- paid time off for study and training\n\n- redundancy pay\n\nYoung workers and apprentices have different rates from adult workers for the National Minimum Wage.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contract-types-and-employer-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have got a job offer as a chef in one of the leading hotels. This is my first job after university. I want to acquire more information about my rights and also wages.", + "original_question": "Can i get full details of my employment rights and expectations?" + }, + { + "id": "train-616", + "question": "Scenario: I work as a nanny on a zero hour contract and I have applied for another well paying job as a live in nanny. Would like to leave my current employer by the end of next month.\n\nQuestion: Do i need to inform him that i have looking for other jobs?\n\nDocument - Contract types and employer responsibilities:\n## Overview\n\nAs an employer, the tax and employment responsibilities you have for your staff will depend on the type of contract you give them and their employment status.\n\nContract types include:\n\n- full-time and part-time contracts\n\n- fixed-term contracts\n\n- agency staff\n\n- freelancers, consultants, contractors\n\n- zero-hours contracts\n\nThere are also special rules for employing family members, young people and volunteers.\n\n## Full-time and part-time contracts\n\nAs an employer you must give employees:\n\n- a written statement of employment or contract\n\n- the statutory minimum level of paid holiday\n\n- a payslip showing all deductions, such as National Insurance contributions (NICs)\n\n- the statutory minimum length of rest breaks\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)\n\n- maternity, paternity and adoption pay and leave\n\nYou must also:\n\n- make sure employees do not work longer than the maximum allowed\n\n- pay employees at least the minimum wage\n\n- have employer\u2019s liability insurance\n\n- provide a safe and secure working environment\n\n- register with HM Revenue and Customs to deal with payroll, tax and NICs\n\n- consider flexible working requests\n\n- avoid discrimination in the workplace\n\n- make reasonable adjustments to your business premises if your employee is disabled\n\n## Fixed-term contracts\n\nFixed-term contracts:\n\n- last for a certain length of time\n\n- are set in advance\n\n- end when a specific task is completed\n\n- end when a specific event takes place\n\nFixed-term employees must receive the same treatment as full-time permanent staff.\n\nFind out more about fixed-term employees\u2019 rights, and what to do about renewing or ending a fixed-term contract.\n\n## Agency staff\n\nAs an employer, you can hire temporary staff through agencies. This means:\n\n- you pay the agency, including the employee\u2019s National Insurance contributions (NICs) and Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)\n\n- it\u2019s the agency\u2019s responsibility to make sure workers get their rights under working time regulations\n\n- after 12 weeks\u2019 continuous employment in the same role, agency workers get the same terms and conditions as permanent employees, including pay, working time, rest periods, night work, breaks and annual leave\n\n- you must provide the agency with information about the relevant terms and conditions in your business so that they can ensure the worker gets equal treatment after 12 weeks in the same job\n\n- you must allow agency workers to use any shared facilities (for example a staff canteen or childcare) and give them information about job vacancies from the first day they work there\n\n- you are still responsible for their health and safety\n\n## Freelancers, consultants and contractors\n\nIf you hire a freelancer, consultant or contractor it means that:\n\n- they are self-employed or are part of other companies\n\n- they often look after their own tax and National Insurance contributions (NICs)\n\n- they might not be entitled to the same rights as workers, such as minimum wage\n\n- you\u2019re still responsible for their health and safety\n\n## Zero-hours contracts\n\nZero-hours contracts are also known as casual contracts. Zero-hours contracts are usually for \u2018piece work\u2019 or \u2018on call\u2019 work, for example for interpreters.\n\nThis means:\n\n- they are on call to work when you need them\n\n- you do not have to give them work\n\n- they do not have to do work when asked\n\nZero-hours workers are entitled to statutory annual leave and the National Minimum Wage in the same way as regular workers.\n\nYou cannot do anything to stop a zero-hours worker from getting work elsewhere. The law says they can ignore a clause in their contract if it bans them from:\n\n- looking for work\n\n- accepting work from another employer\n\nYou are still responsible for health and safety of staff on zero-hours contracts.\n\n## Employing family, young people and volunteers\n\n## Family\n\nIf you hire family members you must:\n\n- avoid special treatment in terms of pay, promotion and working conditions\n\n- make sure tax and National Insurance contributions are still paid\n\n- follow working time regulations for younger family members\n\n- have employer\u2019s liability insurance that covers any young family members\n\n- check if you need to provide them with a workplace pension scheme\n\n## Volunteers and voluntary staff\n\nWhen taking on volunteers or voluntary staff you:\n\n- are responsible for their health and safety\n\n- must give inductions and training in the tasks they\u2019re going to do\n\n## Young people\n\nYou can employ young people if they are 13 or over but there are special rules about how long they can work and what jobs they can do. Once someone is 18 they\u2019re classed as an \u2018adult worker\u2019 and different rules apply.\n\nAs well as following these rules you must do a risk assessment before taking on young workers.\n\nYoung people may also have certain employment rights like:\n\n- statutory maternity pay and ordinary statutory paternity pay if they qualify as a result of their continuous employment\n\n- paid time off for study and training\n\n- redundancy pay\n\nYoung workers and apprentices have different rates from adult workers for the National Minimum Wage.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contract-types-and-employer-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I work as a nanny on a zero hour contract and I have applied for another well paying job as a live in nanny. Would like to leave my current employer by the end of next month.", + "original_question": "Do i need to inform him that i have looking for other jobs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-617", + "question": "Scenario: I have recently started a limited company and have 2 part-time employees. I am paying them \u00a3100 per week. I know that I don't have to register for PAYE\n\nQuestion: Do I still have to maintain payroll records for the 2 employees ?\n\nDocument - PAYE and payroll for employers:\n## Introduction to PAYE\n\nAs an employer, you normally have to operate PAYE as part of your payroll. PAYE is HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) system to collect Income Tax and National Insurance from employment.\n\nYou do not need to register for PAYE if none of your employees are paid \u00a3120 or more a week, get expenses and benefits, have another job or get a pension. However, you must keep payroll records.\n\n## Payments and deductions\n\nWhen paying your employees through payroll you also need to make deductions for PAYE.\n\n## Payments to your employees\n\nPayments to your employees include their salary or wages, as well as things like any tips or bonuses, or statutory sick or maternity pay.\n\n## Deductions from their pay\n\nFrom these payments, you\u2019ll need to deduct tax and National Insurance for most employees. Other deductions you may need to make include student loan repayments or pension contributions.\n\n## Reporting to and paying HMRC\n\n## Reporting pay and deductions\n\nIf you run payroll yourself, you\u2019ll need to report your employees\u2019 payments and deductions to HMRC on or before each payday.\n\nYour payroll software will work out how much tax and National Insurance you owe, including an employer\u2019s National Insurance contribution on each employee\u2019s earnings above \u00a3170 a week.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send another report to claim any reduction on what you owe HMRC, for example for statutory pay.\n\n## Paying HMRC\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to view what you owe HMRC, based on your reports. You then have to pay HMRC, usually every month.\n\nIf you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.\n\n## Other things to report\n\nAs part of your regular reports, you should tell HMRC when a new employee joins and if an employee\u2019s circumstances change, for example they reach State Pension age or become a director.\n\nYou have to run annual reports at the end of the tax year - including telling HMRC about any expenses or benefits.\n\n## Choose how to run payroll\n\nIf you have to operate PAYE, you can choose how to run your payroll.\n\n## Choose how to run payroll\n\nYou can operate PAYE by either:\n\n- paying a payroll provider to do it for you\n\n- doing it yourself using payroll software\n\n## Paying a payroll provider\n\nIf you decide to pay a payroll provider (for example, a bureau or accountant) to run your payroll, you\u2019ll need to consider how much support you\u2019ll need.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for collecting and keeping records of your employee\u2019s details. Your payroll provider will need these to run payroll for you.\n\nSome payroll providers can offer you more support if you need it, for example keeping employee records, providing payslips and making payments to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nAs an employer, you\u2019re legally responsible for completing all PAYE tasks - even if you pay someone else to do them.\n\n## Running payroll yourself\n\nYou need to complete certain tasks to set up payroll and pay your employees for the first time. This includes registering as an employer with HMRC and telling them about your employees.\n\n## Exemptions to online reporting\n\nYou may be exempt from reporting payroll online if:\n\n- you\u2019re prevented from using a computer on religious grounds\n\n- you\u2019re getting care or support services for yourself or a member of your family\n\n- you\u2019re unable to send reports electronically because you\u2019re disabled, elderly or cannot access the internet\n\nHMRC has guidance if you believe you\u2019re exempt and would prefer to report on paper.\n\n## Setting up payroll\n\nIf you decide to run payroll yourself, you need to complete certain tasks to pay your employees for the first time. You can choose when and how often to pay your employees.\n\n- Register as an employer with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and get a login for PAYE Online.\n\n- Choose payroll software to record employee\u2019s details, calculate pay and deductions, and report to HMRC.\n\n- Collect and keep records.\n\n- Tell HMRC about your employees.\n\n- Record pay, make deductions and report to HMRC on or before the first payday.\n\n- Pay HMRC the tax and National Insurance you owe.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to complete certain annual reports and tasks to prepare for the next tax year, which starts on 6 April.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou must collect and keep records of:\n\n- what you pay your employees and the deductions you make\n\n- reports you make to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- payments you make to HMRC\n\n- employee leave and sickness absences\n\n- tax code notices\n\n- taxable expenses or benefits\n\n- Payroll Giving Scheme documents, including the agency contract and employee authorisation forms\n\nYour records must show you\u2019ve reported accurately, and you need to keep them for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to. HMRC may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\nThere are different rules for keeping records to prove you have paid the correct minimum wage.\n\nIf you do not keep full records, HMRC may estimate what you have to pay and charge you a penalty of up to \u00a33,000.\n\n## If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed\n\nTell HMRC as soon as possible if you do not have records and cannot replace them. You must also do your best to recreate them - HMRC may be able to help if you\u2019re not sure how much you paid your employees.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if your final payroll report of the tax year includes figures that are:\n\n- estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final\n\n- provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with actual figures\n\n## Data protection\n\nYou must follow rules on data protection if your business stores or uses personal information.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have recently started a limited company and have 2 part-time employees. I am paying them \u00a3100 per week. I know that I don't have to register for PAYE", + "original_question": "Do I still have to maintain payroll records for the 2 employees ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-618", + "question": "Scenario: I have a small company and have 5 employees in total. I am running payroll for all the employees but cannot use computers because of a disability I have\n\nQuestion: Can I report payroll on paper ?\n\nDocument - PAYE and payroll for employers:\n## Introduction to PAYE\n\nAs an employer, you normally have to operate PAYE as part of your payroll. PAYE is HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) system to collect Income Tax and National Insurance from employment.\n\nYou do not need to register for PAYE if none of your employees are paid \u00a3120 or more a week, get expenses and benefits, have another job or get a pension. However, you must keep payroll records.\n\n## Payments and deductions\n\nWhen paying your employees through payroll you also need to make deductions for PAYE.\n\n## Payments to your employees\n\nPayments to your employees include their salary or wages, as well as things like any tips or bonuses, or statutory sick or maternity pay.\n\n## Deductions from their pay\n\nFrom these payments, you\u2019ll need to deduct tax and National Insurance for most employees. Other deductions you may need to make include student loan repayments or pension contributions.\n\n## Reporting to and paying HMRC\n\n## Reporting pay and deductions\n\nIf you run payroll yourself, you\u2019ll need to report your employees\u2019 payments and deductions to HMRC on or before each payday.\n\nYour payroll software will work out how much tax and National Insurance you owe, including an employer\u2019s National Insurance contribution on each employee\u2019s earnings above \u00a3170 a week.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send another report to claim any reduction on what you owe HMRC, for example for statutory pay.\n\n## Paying HMRC\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to view what you owe HMRC, based on your reports. You then have to pay HMRC, usually every month.\n\nIf you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.\n\n## Other things to report\n\nAs part of your regular reports, you should tell HMRC when a new employee joins and if an employee\u2019s circumstances change, for example they reach State Pension age or become a director.\n\nYou have to run annual reports at the end of the tax year - including telling HMRC about any expenses or benefits.\n\n## Choose how to run payroll\n\nIf you have to operate PAYE, you can choose how to run your payroll.\n\n## Choose how to run payroll\n\nYou can operate PAYE by either:\n\n- paying a payroll provider to do it for you\n\n- doing it yourself using payroll software\n\n## Paying a payroll provider\n\nIf you decide to pay a payroll provider (for example, a bureau or accountant) to run your payroll, you\u2019ll need to consider how much support you\u2019ll need.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for collecting and keeping records of your employee\u2019s details. Your payroll provider will need these to run payroll for you.\n\nSome payroll providers can offer you more support if you need it, for example keeping employee records, providing payslips and making payments to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nAs an employer, you\u2019re legally responsible for completing all PAYE tasks - even if you pay someone else to do them.\n\n## Running payroll yourself\n\nYou need to complete certain tasks to set up payroll and pay your employees for the first time. This includes registering as an employer with HMRC and telling them about your employees.\n\n## Exemptions to online reporting\n\nYou may be exempt from reporting payroll online if:\n\n- you\u2019re prevented from using a computer on religious grounds\n\n- you\u2019re getting care or support services for yourself or a member of your family\n\n- you\u2019re unable to send reports electronically because you\u2019re disabled, elderly or cannot access the internet\n\nHMRC has guidance if you believe you\u2019re exempt and would prefer to report on paper.\n\n## Setting up payroll\n\nIf you decide to run payroll yourself, you need to complete certain tasks to pay your employees for the first time. You can choose when and how often to pay your employees.\n\n- Register as an employer with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and get a login for PAYE Online.\n\n- Choose payroll software to record employee\u2019s details, calculate pay and deductions, and report to HMRC.\n\n- Collect and keep records.\n\n- Tell HMRC about your employees.\n\n- Record pay, make deductions and report to HMRC on or before the first payday.\n\n- Pay HMRC the tax and National Insurance you owe.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to complete certain annual reports and tasks to prepare for the next tax year, which starts on 6 April.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou must collect and keep records of:\n\n- what you pay your employees and the deductions you make\n\n- reports you make to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- payments you make to HMRC\n\n- employee leave and sickness absences\n\n- tax code notices\n\n- taxable expenses or benefits\n\n- Payroll Giving Scheme documents, including the agency contract and employee authorisation forms\n\nYour records must show you\u2019ve reported accurately, and you need to keep them for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to. HMRC may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\nThere are different rules for keeping records to prove you have paid the correct minimum wage.\n\nIf you do not keep full records, HMRC may estimate what you have to pay and charge you a penalty of up to \u00a33,000.\n\n## If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed\n\nTell HMRC as soon as possible if you do not have records and cannot replace them. You must also do your best to recreate them - HMRC may be able to help if you\u2019re not sure how much you paid your employees.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if your final payroll report of the tax year includes figures that are:\n\n- estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final\n\n- provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with actual figures\n\n## Data protection\n\nYou must follow rules on data protection if your business stores or uses personal information.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a small company and have 5 employees in total. I am running payroll for all the employees but cannot use computers because of a disability I have", + "original_question": "Can I report payroll on paper ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-620", + "question": "Scenario: I am an owner of a business. I usually pay my employees every time they complete a task set for them. My employees have been given a minimum 5 hour day for work. I have been working out their pay using the fair rate based on it being 'output work', but I have been told this is wrong.\n\nQuestion: Is my employees work considered 'output work'?\n\nDocument - Minimum wage for different types of work:\n## Overview\n\nThe National Minimum Wage is worked out at an hourly rate, but it applies to all eligible workers even if they\u2019re not paid by the hour.\n\nThis means that, however someone gets paid, they still need to work out their equivalent hourly rate to see if they\u2019re getting the minimum wage.\n\nThere are different ways of checking that workers get the minimum wage depending on whether they are:\n\n- paid by the hour (known as \u2018time work\u2019)\n\n- paid an annual salary, under a contract for a basic number of hours each year (known as \u2018salaried hours\u2019)\n\n- paid by the piece - the number of things they make, or tasks they complete (known as \u2018output work\u2019)\n\n- paid in other ways (known as \u2018unmeasured work\u2019)\n\nUse the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if payments are over the minimum wage.\n\n## What counts as working time\n\nFor all types of work, include time spent:\n\n- at work and required to be working, or on standby near the workplace (but do not include rest breaks that are taken)\n\n- not working because of machine breakdown, but kept at the workplace\n\n- waiting to collect goods, meet someone for work or start a job\n\n- travelling in connection with work, including travelling from one work assignment to another\n\n- training or travelling to training\n\n- at work and under certain work-related responsibilities even when workers are allowed to sleep (whether or not a place to sleep is provided)\n\nDo not include time spent:\n\n- travelling between home and work\n\n- away from work on rest breaks, holidays, sick leave or maternity leave\n\n- on industrial action\n\n- not working but at the workplace or available for work at or near the workplace during a time when workers are allowed to sleep (and you provide a place to sleep)\n\nCall the Acas helpline for advice about the National Minimum Wage.\n\n## Paid by the hour\n\nWorkers paid according to the number of hours they are at work are classed as doing \u2018time work\u2019.\n\nFor these workers, the average hourly pay has to be at least the National Minimum Wage, worked out over the period each pay packet covers - so for a worker who gets paid once a month, this period will be 1 month.\n\nUse the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if payments are at least at the minimum wage.\n\n## Paid an annual salary\n\nMost people paid an annual salary are classed as doing \u2018salaried hours work\u2019.\n\nTo find out if they are getting the minimum wage you must work out how many basic hours they work in return for their salary.\n\nSomeone is usually doing salaried hours work if all of the following apply:\n\n- their contract states how many hours they must work in return for their salary (their basic hours)\n\n- they\u2019re paid in equal, regular instalments through the year, for example monthly or every 4 weeks\n\n- there is no more than a month between each payment\n\n- they do not get paid more than once a week\n\nIf someone is paid monthly they do not need to be paid exactly the same amount each month, but they must get the same total amount every 3 months (each quarter of the year).\n\nSalaried hours workers\u2019 contracts might not state the total number of basic hours the worker must work over the entire year, but you must be able to work this out from the contract.\n\nFor example, if a contract states the days of the week someone is expected to work and the basic hours for each day, you can use this to work out the total basic hours someone is expected to work over the year.\n\nYou can then use this figure to make sure the rate of pay is at least the minimum wage.\n\n## Work out the hourly rate\n\n- Find the basic annual hours in the worker\u2019s contract.\n\n- Divide this by the number of times they get paid each year (for example 12 if they get paid monthly) - this gives you the average number of hours covered by each pay packet.\n\n- Divide the amount they get in each pay packet by this number (average hours). This gives you the worker\u2019s hourly rate.\n\nIf you know how many basic hours someone works for each payment they get, you can use the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if they\u2019re paid the minimum wage.\n\n## Extra hours\n\nEmployers must pay at least the minimum wage for any hours worked in addition to what\u2019s agreed in the worker\u2019s contract.\n\n## Other salaried workers\n\nSome people paid a salary may not be salaried hours workers, for example if there is more than a month between each payment.\n\nThese people are usually classed as doing \u2018time work\u2019 when working out if they are paid minimum wage or not.\n\n## Paid per task or piece of work done\n\nWorkers paid per task they perform or piece of work they do (known as piece work) are classed as doing \u2018output work\u2019.\n\nThey must be paid either:\n\n- at least the minimum wage for every hour worked\n\n- a \u2018fair rate\u2019 for each task or piece of work they do\n\nOutput work can usually only be used in limited situations when the employer does not know which hours the worker does (such as with some home workers).\n\nThe work is not classed as output work if the employer sets either:\n\n- a minimum or maximum time the worker must work\n\n- the start and finish times for a period of work\n\nIf the employer sets the times of work this counts as \u2018time work\u2019.\n\n## Fair rate\n\nThe fair rate is the amount that must be paid for each piece of work, to make sure someone working at an average speed is paid at least the minimum wage per hour.\n\nThere is a way to work out the fair rate per piece of work done which employers must follow.\n\n## Work out the average rate of work per hour\n\nEmployers must carry out a fair test to find out how many tasks or pieces an average worker completes in an hour (the average rate of work).\n\n- Test some or all of the workers. The group you test must be typical of the whole workforce - not just the most efficient or fastest ones.\n\n- Work out how many pieces of work have been completed in a normal working hour.\n\n- Divide this by the number of workers to work out the average rate.\n\n- If the work changes significantly, do another test to work out the new average rate. It\u2019s not necessary to do another test if the same work is being done in a different environment, for example work previously done in a factory being done at home.\n\n## Work out the fair rate\n\n- Divide the average rate of work by 1.2 (this means new workers will not be disadvantaged if they\u2019re not as fast as the others yet).\n\n- Divide the hourly minimum wage rate by that number to work out the fair rate for each piece of work completed.\n\nIf an agricultural worker was employed before 2013 or is in Wales, they may be entitled to the Agricultural Minimum Wage. There are also different rules and rates for agricultural workers in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Give notice of fair rate\n\nTo use a fair rate an employer must give each worker a written notice before they start work for the first time.\n\nThe notice must:\n\n- say that the worker will be paid for producing a piece of work or completing a task, for example picking a certain amount of fruit\n\n- say that to calculate whether minimum wage is being paid it\u2019s assumed the task will take an average time to complete\n\n- confirm if the average time to complete the task has been tested or is an estimate\n\n- say how many tasks or pieces of work it\u2019s assumed someone can complete in an hour\n\n- give the amount to be paid for each piece that the worker completes\n\n- include the ACAS helpline number, which is 0300 123 1100\n\nIf employers do not give a worker a complete notice then the worker is entitled to be paid by the hour instead.\n\n## Paid in other ways (unmeasured work)\n\nIf the work is not covered by any of the other types of work, it\u2019s \u2018unmeasured work\u2019.\n\nUnmeasured work includes being paid a set amount to do a particular task, for instance being paid \u00a3500 to lay a patio, regardless of how long it takes.\n\nTo work out the minimum wage for unmeasured work, either:\n\n- record every hour worked and use the National Minimum Wage calculator to make sure the worker gets the minimum wage\n\n- make a \u2018daily average agreement of hours\u2019\n\n## Daily average agreement of hours\n\nThis is when the employer and worker agree a typical number of hours per day they expect to work on average. One agreement can cover several pay reference periods (for example, weeks if the worker\u2019s paid weekly) if there\u2019s no change in the average number of hours.\n\nDaily average agreements of hours must:\n\n- be agreed in writing\n\n- be made before the start of the pay reference period they cover\n\n- say how many hours the work should take each day (on average)\n\nThe employer must be able to prove that the number of hours worked on average is realistic.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minimum-wage-different-types-work", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an owner of a business. I usually pay my employees every time they complete a task set for them. My employees have been given a minimum 5 hour day for work. I have been working out their pay using the fair rate based on it being 'output work', but I have been told this is wrong.", + "original_question": "Is my employees work considered 'output work'?" + }, + { + "id": "train-622", + "question": "Scenario: We have a grievance hearing setup with an employee. The employee has failed to attend multiple grievance hearings, despite rearranging dates and times.\n\nQuestion: Can we proceed with a decision in their absence?\n\nDocument - Handling an employee's grievance:\n## Overview\n\nIf your employee has a concern or problem that they haven\u2019t been able to resolve informally, they may make a formal grievance complaint to you.\n\nBusinesses must have a written grievance procedure in place and share it with all employees. It must say how the process works and how long it takes.\n\nAfter a hearing of the evidence, you should let the employee know your decision in writing. If they aren\u2019t happy with the decision, they can appeal.\n\n## Grievance procedure\n\nBy law employers must set out a grievance procedure and share it in writing with all employees, eg in their statement of employment or staff handbook. It must include:\n\n- who the employee should contact about a grievance\n\n- how to contact this person\n\nIt should also:\n\n- say that if the problem can\u2019t be resolved informally, there will be a meeting with the employee, called a grievance hearing\n\n- set out time limits for each stage of the process\n\n- identify who to contact if the normal contact person is involved in the grievance\n\n- explain how to appeal a grievance decision\n\n- state that employees can be accompanied in any meetings by a colleague or union representative\n\n- outline what happens if a grievance is raised during disciplinary action\n\nYou don\u2019t have to include information about the grievance procedure in employment contracts. However, if you do, you must follow the procedure, or the employee could bring a breach of contract claim against you.\n\n## Acas Code of Practice\n\nThe Acas Code of Practice isn\u2019t legally binding. However, an employment tribunal can reduce or increase any money awarded in a case by up to 25% if the code hasn\u2019t been followed.\n\n## The grievance hearing\n\n## Preparing for the hearing\n\nBefore holding a hearing, employers should:\n\n- give the employee notice so that they can prepare their case\n\n- carry out a full investigation if necessary and take statements from any witnesses who cannot attend\n\n- make it clear that the employee can bring a colleague or union representative if they want to\n\n- arrange for another manager to attend to make sure that the hearing is conducted properly\n\n- arrange for someone to take notes\n\n## Delays\n\nIf the employee cannot attend the hearing (eg because they are ill), offer them a reasonable alternative date and time.\n\nThe employee can also suggest a different time for the hearing if the person accompanying them cannot attend. They must do this within 5 working days after you proposed the original meeting time.\n\nYou can make your decision without having a hearing if:\n\n- you have already rearranged the meeting, but the employee fails to attend\n\n- the employee is on long-term sick leave and unable to go to meetings in the near future (they can supply written information instead if they want to)\n\n## Employers' decisions and appeals\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou should give the employee a copy of the meeting records. You may be able to leave out some information in certain circumstances (eg to protect a witness).\n\nAfter you have decided the action to take, write to the parties involved, setting out:\n\n- your decision and the reasons behind it\n\n- the appeals process and deadline\n\nIf there are any delays during the appeal process, it\u2019s important that you tell the employee as soon as possible.\n\n## Appeals\n\nIf the employee appeals, there should be another hearing to re-examine the decision. The process is the same as the original hearing but you should also look at:\n\n- the reasoning behind the appeal\n\n- any new evidence\n\nIf possible, the appeal should not be heard by the same person who held the original hearing.\n\nAfter the appeal hearing, you should set out your decision in writing and state that this is the final outcome.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/handling-employee-grievance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We have a grievance hearing setup with an employee. The employee has failed to attend multiple grievance hearings, despite rearranging dates and times.", + "original_question": "Can we proceed with a decision in their absence?" + }, + { + "id": "train-624", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 24 year old student. My course started on the 5th April 2021. At this time, I did not apply for student finance. It is now the 31st July 2021, and I am now looking to apply for student finance.\n\nQuestion: Can I still apply for a student loan for my course?\n\nDocument - Student finance: how to apply:\n## How to apply\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you have studied before and your nationality.\n\n## New students from England\n\nMost full-time and part-time students can apply online to Student Finance England.\n\n- Set up a student finance online account.\n\n- Log in and complete the online application.\n\n- Include your household income if needed. Your parent or partner will be asked to confirm these details.\n\n- Send in proof of identity, if needed.\n\nIf you cannot apply online, use the form finder to get the forms you need. You can call Student Finance England if you want to apply online but you cannot use a computer without help.\n\n## Continuing students from England\n\nYou\u2019re a continuing student if you are:\n\n- moving on to the next year of your course\n\n- repeating a year of the same course or returning to a course after taking time out\n\n- transferring onto a new course from your old course\n\nYou should log in to your student finance account and apply online.\n\n## If you\u2019re returning to study after taking time out for personal reasons\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you have studied for more than one year before and you\u2019re going back to your studies after stopping your course because of personal reasons. This could be for things like if you were ill, pregnant, caring for someone or someone close to you died.\n\nYou should log in to your student finance account and apply online.\n\nYou must also send a letter explaining why you suspended your studies with supporting evidence.\n\nThe letter must include:\n\n- your customer reference number for student finance\n\n- an explanation of your situation and why you had to suspend your studies\n\nSupporting evidence can include:\n\n- a letter from your doctor or social services on headed paper\n\n- a letter from your university or college on headed paper\n\n- copies of birth or death certificates\n\nYou might need to send more than one piece of evidence if it helps you to show why you stopped your course.\n\nUse your online account to send the letter and evidence to Student Finance England, or send it by post.\n\nStudent Finance England will send you a letter confirming how much you\u2019ll get, usually within 8 weeks.\n\n## Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for students from Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## New EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, apply online.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, apply by post.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter confirming how much you\u2019ll get, usually within 6 weeks.\n\n## Continuing EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, apply online.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you\u2019ll be sent application forms to fill in and return by post. Check your address is up to date in your student finance account.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou can apply for the following academic years:\n\n- 2021 to 2022 (part-time students can apply from summer 2021)\n\n- 2020 to 2021\n\nYou can still apply for funding up to 9 months after the first day of the academic year for your course.\n\n| Course start date | Apply by |\n\n| Between 1 August and 31 December | 31 May after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 January and 31 March | 30 September after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 April and 30 June | 31 December after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 July and 31 July | 31 March after your course started |\n\nYou do not need a confirmed place to apply.\n\n## EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU student applying for 2021 to 2022, when and how you apply depends on the type of support you want.\n\n## Full-time students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, you can apply online now.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you can apply by post now.\n\n## Part-time students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, you can apply online from summer 2021.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you can apply by post from summer 2021.\n\n## Proof of identity\n\n## Students from England\n\nInclude your valid UK passport details in your application the first time you apply. Fill in the passport details form - do not send the passport itself.\n\n| Academic year | Form |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | UK passport details form 2021 to 2022 (PDF, 49KB) |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | UK passport details form 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 41KB) |\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\n## EU students\n\nSend your non-UK passport or identity card the first time you apply.\n\n## Where to send your documents\n\nAny original documents you send will be returned to you within 4 weeks.\n\n## Students from England\n\n## EU students\n\n## Household income\n\nYou must provide your household income if you apply for any of the following:\n\n- full Maintenance Loan\n\n- Maintenance Grant - not available if your course started on or after 1 August 2016\n\n- Special Support Grant - not available if your course started on or after 1 August 2016\n\n- Childcare Grant\n\n- Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant\n\n- Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide your household income for tax year:\n\n- 2019 to 2020 if you\u2019re applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- 2018 to 2019 if you\u2019re applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nAfter you apply, Student Finance England will ask the people in your household to confirm their income. They might need to provide evidence.\n\n## What counts as household income\n\nYour household income includes any of the following that apply:\n\n- your parents\u2019 income, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially\n\n- the combined income of one of your parents and their partner, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially\n\n- your partner\u2019s income, if you\u2019re over 25 and live with them (even if they spend most of their time abroad)\n\n- income you get from your own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent\n\nIf you\u2019ve supported yourself financially for at least 3 years or had no contact with your parents for over a year, you might be able to apply as an \u2018independent student\u2019.\n\n## Change an application\n\nYou must say if any details in your application change. You\u2019ll need to report some changes yourself. Your parents, partner or sponsor will need to report others.\n\n## Changes you must report\n\n## Full time students\n\nUse your online account to tell Student Finance England if:\n\n- you\u2019ve changed your course, university or college\n\n- you\u2019re repeating a year\n\n- you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\n- your Tuition Fee Loan amount has changed\n\n- you\u2019re living somewhere new\n\n## Part-time students and EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re a part-time or EU student, you\u2019ll need to fill in form CO2 or EUCO1 instead.\n\n| | Student type | Form |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 academic year | Part-time student | CO2 form for 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 94KB) |\n\n| 2019 to 2020 academic year | Part-time student | CO2 form for 2019 to 2020 (PDF, 85KB) |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 academic year | EU student | EUCO1 form for 2021 to 2022 (PDF, 136KB) |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 academic year | EU student | EUCO1 form for 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 146KB) |\n\nUse your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post. The address is on the form.\n\nAfter your course starts you can contact your university or college to change or repeat your course or change your Tuition Fee Loan.\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\nYou must write and tell Student Finance England if you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status. The letter must include:\n\n- your customer reference number\n\n- the date\n\n- your signature\n\n- evidence that you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\nIf you\u2019ve changed your name you must include a copy of one of the following with your letter:\n\n- marriage certificate\n\n- decree absolute\n\n- change of name deed - it must be an enrolled deed poll\n\nIf you\u2019ve changed your marital status, you must include a copy of one of the following with your letter:\n\n- marriage certificate\n\n- decree absolute\n\n- civil partnership final order\n\nUse your online account to send the letter and evidence to Student Finance England, or send it by post.\n\nIf you cannot provide the right document, contact Student Finance England.\n\n## Changes your parents, partner or sponsor must report\n\n## If your household income changes\n\nYour parents or partner must:\n\n- correct any mistakes relating to their household income\n\n- tell Student Finance England if they think their household income will be at least 15% lower than the tax year they submitted details for\n\n## If your parents or sponsor have another child\n\nYour parents or sponsor must tell Student Finance England if they have any more children.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-student-finance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 24 year old student. My course started on the 5th April 2021. At this time, I did not apply for student finance. It is now the 31st July 2021, and I am now looking to apply for student finance.", + "original_question": "Can I still apply for a student loan for my course?" + }, + { + "id": "train-627", + "question": "Scenario: My wife is pregnant. I am an employee who currently earns \u00a3550 per week. I have been working for this employer for five years. I want to take time off to look after my new child when it is born.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible for statutory paternity pay?\n\nDocument - Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave: employer guide:\n## Entitlement\n\nEmployees may be eligible for Statutory Paternity Leave and Pay if they and their partner are:\n\n- having a baby\n\n- adopting a child\n\n- having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement\n\n## Statutory Paternity Leave\n\nEmployees can choose to take either 1 week or 2 consecutive weeks\u2019 leave. The amount of time is the same even if they have more than one child (for example twins).\n\nLeave cannot start before the birth. The start date must be one of the following:\n\n- the actual date of birth\n\n- an agreed number of days after the birth\n\n- an agreed number of days after the expected week of childbirth\n\nLeave must finish within 56 days of the birth (or due date if the baby is early). The start and end dates are different if the employee is adopting.\n\n## Statutory Paternity Pay\n\nStatutory Paternity Pay for eligible employees is either \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their average weekly earnings (whichever is lower). Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s paternity leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator.\n\nSome employment types, like agency workers, directors and educational workers, have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nEmployees can get more leave or pay if:\n\n- their partner returns to work and they qualify for Shared Parental Leave and Pay\n\n- your company scheme offers more\n\nYou must make sure your paternity leave and pay policies are clear and easily accessible to staff.\n\n## Leave for antenatal appointments\n\nEmployees can take unpaid leave to accompany a pregnant woman to antenatal appointments if they are:\n\n- the baby\u2019s father\n\n- the expectant mother\u2019s spouse or civil partner\n\n- in a long term relationship with the expectant mother\n\n- the intended parent (if they\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)\n\nThey can accompany the woman to 2 appointments of up to 6 and a half hours each.\n\n## If the baby dies\n\nEmployees still qualify for paternity leave and pay if the baby is either:\n\n- stillborn from 24 weeks of pregnancy\n\n- born alive at any point in the pregnancy but later dies\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during paternity leave. You still have to pay Statutory Paternity Pay even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nEmployees must be one of the following, the:\n\n- father\n\n- husband or partner of the mother (or adopter)\n\n- child\u2019s adopter\n\n- intended parent (if they\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)\n\nEmployees must also:\n\n- be classed as an employee (paternity leave only)\n\n- be employed by you up to the date the child is born (or placed with the adopter) (paternity pay only)\n\n- be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week (gross) in an 8 week \u2018relevant period\u2019 (paternity pay only)\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- be taking time off to look after the child or their partner\n\n- be responsible for the child\u2019s upbringing\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nThe qualifying week is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if the employee is adopting.\n\nUse the paternity pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their relevant period, notice period and paternity pay.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave or become sick.\n\n## If the child is born early\n\nIf the child is born early, the employee is still eligible if they would have worked for you continuously for at least 26 weeks by the qualifying week.\n\nFor very premature births where the child is born 15 weeks before the due date, you\u2019ll need to calculate paternity pay using your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.\n\n## Employees in surrogacy arrangements\n\nParents intending to have a child through a surrogacy arrangement may be eligible for Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave.\n\nIf you ask, they must give you a written statement to confirm that they\u2019ve applied or intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth.\n\nEmployees cannot get Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave if they\u2019ve taken Shared Parental Leave.\n\n## Notice period\n\nThe notice periods and forms are different if the employee is adopting.\n\n## Statutory Paternity Leave\n\nEmployees must tell you at least 15 weeks before the week the baby is expected:\n\n- the baby\u2019s due date\n\n- when they want their leave to start - they can change this with 28 days\u2019 notice\n\n- how much leave they want\n\nNotice does not have to be in writing unless you request it. Employees can use form SC3 to ask for leave and pay.\n\n## Statutory Paternity Pay\n\nEmployees must request paternity pay at least 15 weeks before the week the baby is expected using form SC3 (or your own version). Take a copy and give the original back to the employee.\n\nEmployees having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement must use form SC4 to request leave and pay.\n\n## Late notice\n\nYou can delay the leave or pay start date if the employee does not have a reasonable excuse for giving you the wrong amount of notice. To delay it, write to them within 28 days of their leave request.\n\n## Adoption\n\nEligible employees are entitled to paternity leave and pay if they\u2019re adopting a child.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s paternity leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator. For overseas adoptions you\u2019ll need to use your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nAn employee adopting a child must:\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the week they were matched with a child (UK adoptions)\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks by either the date the child arrives in the UK or when they want their pay to start (overseas adoptions)\n\n- confirm that their partner is getting Statutory Adoption Pay in writing or by giving you a copy of their partner\u2019s form SC6\n\n- meet the other eligibility conditions for paternity leave or pay\n\n## Notice period\n\nAn employee adopting a child must send you form SC4 for:\n\n- leave - no later than 7 days of their co-adopter or partner being matched with a child\n\n- pay - 28 days before they want their pay to start\n\nFor overseas adoptions the form and notice period is different. The process is explained on form SC5.\n\n## Leave start date\n\nAn employee taking paternity leave because they\u2019re adopting can start their leave:\n\n- on the date of placement\n\n- an agreed number of days after the date of placement\n\n- on the date the child arrives in the UK or an agreed number of days after this (overseas adoptions)\n\nFor overseas adoptions leave must be taken within 56 days of the date of placement or the child\u2019s arrival in the UK.\n\n## Proof of adoption\n\nEmployees must give you proof of adoption to qualify for paternity pay. Proof is not needed for paternity leave unless you request it. Proof can be a letter from their adoption agency or their matching certificate.\n\nYou must keep records of the proof.\n\n## Refuse pay form SPP1\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Paternity Pay if the employee does not qualify. To do this send them form SPP1 within 28 days of their pay request. You must keep a copy.\n\nThe employee can ask you for a written statement explaining your decision. You have to give this to them within a reasonable time, for example 7 working days.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- the date Statutory Paternity Pay started\n\n- the paternity payments you\u2019ve made (including dates)\n\n- the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\n- if adopting, a letter from the adoption agency or a matching certificate\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to (for example by using form SPP2 or keeping your own records).\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-paternity-pay-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My wife is pregnant. I am an employee who currently earns \u00a3550 per week. I have been working for this employer for five years. I want to take time off to look after my new child when it is born.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible for statutory paternity pay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-629", + "question": "Scenario: I want to ask my employer to set up a European Works Council. The company has 1,200 employees, which are situated in Germany and Austria.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to ask my employer to set up an EWC?\n\nDocument - Ask your employer to set up a European Works Council:\n## Overview\n\nYou can ask your employer to set up a European Works Council (EWC) if you work for a company with offices across the European Economic Area (EEA).\n\nAn EWC is a forum where your company can:\n\n- tell you about plans and decisions at the same time as employees in other countries - this is known as being informed\n\n- exchange views with you in the same way as employees in other countries - this is known as being consulted\n\nAn EWC only informs and consults on issues that affect more than one country where the business operates.\n\n## Who can ask for a European Works Council\n\nYou can ask your employer to set up an EWC if they have:\n\n- at least 1,000 employees in the EEA\n\n- 150 employees in each of at least 2 countries in the EEA\n\nYou can write to your employer to find out information, for example how many employees it has or where it operates, to help you make your request.\n\nYour employer can also set up an EWC without waiting for a request.\n\n## After you\u2019ve made your request\n\nYour employer will set up a special negotiating body (SNB) to negotiate an EWC agreement with central management of the business.\n\nYou can complain about the way an EWC has been set up or run.\n\n## Make a request\n\nWrite to your employer to ask them to set up a European Works Council (EWC).\n\nIt must be backed by at least 100 employees from at least 2 European Economic Area (EEA) sites.\n\nSend it to the central or local management of the business.\n\nYour employer can challenge your request for an EWC if:\n\n- they think the request is not valid, for example because the business does not employ enough people\n\n- there\u2019s an existing information and consultation agreement\n\n## After you've made your request\n\nAfter your request for a European Works Council (EWC) is accepted, your employer must set up a special negotiating body (SNB). The SNB will discuss how the EWC will be set up and run with the central management. The time limit for negotiations is 3 years.\n\nThe SNB must:\n\n- have at least one member from each of the countries where the business has a site\n\n- be set up within 6 months from when the request for an EWC was accepted\n\n## If there\u2019s an agreement\n\nYou\u2019ll get a written agreement for either:\n\n- an EWC\n\n- one or more alternative information and consultation arrangements\n\n## If an agreement is not made\n\nThe SNB can only end negotiations or decide not to open negotiations after a ballot has been held and a two-thirds majority reached. You\u2019ll have to wait 2 years to make a new application.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nComplain in writing to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) about the way a European Works Council (EWC) has been set up or run.\n\n## Complaints about requests for information\n\nYou can complain if your employer:\n\n- does not provide information about the size or structure of the company\n\n- provides inaccurate information about the size or structure of the company\n\nYou must wait a month after making a formal request for an EWC before you can complain.\n\n## Complaints about creating the Special Negotiating Body\n\nYou can complain about incorrect ballot arrangements to create a special negotiating body (SNB).\n\n## Complaints about creating the European Works Council\n\nYou can complain that:\n\n- an EWC has not been set up even though there have been negotiations\n\n- your employer has not followed the right procedure for running an EWC\n\n## How to complain\n\nWrite to CAC and include the following information:\n\n- the name, job and full contact details of the person making a complaint and the person or business you\u2019re complaining about\n\n- the right regulation number for the complaint you\u2019re making\n\n- the reasons for your complaint\n\nSend your complaint by email or by post to CAC.\n\nCAC will get in touch for more information as they need it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-european-works-council", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to ask my employer to set up a European Works Council. The company has 1,200 employees, which are situated in Germany and Austria.", + "original_question": "Am I able to ask my employer to set up an EWC?" + }, + { + "id": "train-632", + "question": "Scenario: My brother has been working in a construction firm for 1 year as a worker. Due to the covid pandemic the business has gone low and he has been laid off.\n\nQuestion: Can he claim for statutory redundancy pay?\n\nDocument - Employment status:\n## Overview\n\nIn employment law a person\u2019s employment status helps determine:\n\n- their rights\n\n- their employer\u2019s responsibilities\n\nA person may have a different employment status in tax law.\n\nThe main types of employment status are:\n\n- worker\n\n- employee\n\n- self-employed and contractor\n\n- director\n\n- office holder\n\nContact Acas (or the Labour Relations Agency in Northern Ireland) for advice about employment status, employee rights or employer responsibilities.\n\nCourts and tribunals can make final decisions on employment status.\n\n## Worker\n\nA person is generally classed as a \u2018worker\u2019 if:\n\n- they have a contract or other arrangement to do work or services personally for a reward (your contract doesn\u2019t have to be written)\n\n- their reward is for money or a benefit in kind, for example the promise of a contract or future work\n\n- they only have a limited right to send someone else to do the work (subcontract)\n\n- they have to turn up for work even if they don\u2019t want to\n\n- their employer has to have work for them to do as long as the contract or arrangement lasts\n\n- they aren\u2019t doing the work as part of their own limited company in an arrangement where the \u2018employer\u2019 is actually a customer or client\n\n## Employment rights\n\nWorkers are entitled to certain employment rights, including:\n\n- getting the National Minimum Wage\n\n- protection against unlawful deductions from wages\n\n- the\u00a0statutory minimum level of paid holiday\n\n- the statutory minimum length of rest breaks\n\n- to not work more than 48 hours on average per week or to opt out of this right if they choose\n\n- protection against unlawful discrimination\n\n- protection for \u2018whistleblowing\u2019 - reporting wrongdoing in the workplace\n\n- to not be treated less favourably if they work part-time\n\nThey may also be entitled to:\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Shared Parental Pay\n\nAgency workers have specific rights from the first day at work.\n\nWorkers usually aren\u2019t entitled to:\n\n- minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal\n\n- the right to request flexible working\n\n- time off for emergencies\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\n## Casual or irregular work\n\nSomeone is likely to be a worker if most of these apply:\n\n- they occasionally do work for a specific business\n\n- the business doesn\u2019t have to offer them work and they don\u2019t have to accept it - they only work when they want to\n\n- their contract with the business uses terms like \u2018casual\u2019, \u2018freelance\u2019, \u2018zero hours\u2019, \u2018as required\u2019 or something similar\n\n- they had to agree with the business\u2019s terms and conditions to get work - either verbally or in writing\n\n- they are under the supervision or control of a manager or director\n\n- they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work\n\n- the business deducts tax and National Insurance contributions from their wages\n\n- the business provides materials, tools or equipment they need to do the work\n\n## Employee\n\nAn employee is someone who works under an employment contract.\n\nA person may be an employee in employment law but have a different status for tax purposes. Employers must work out each worker\u2019s status in both employment law and tax law.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAll employees are workers, but an employee has extra employment rights and responsibilities that don\u2019t apply to workers who aren\u2019t employees.\n\nThese rights include all of the rights workers have and:\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- statutory maternity, paternity, adoption and shared parental leave and pay (workers only get pay, not leave)\n\n- minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal\n\n- the right to request flexible working\n\n- time off for emergencies\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\nSome of these rights require a minimum length of continuous employment before an employee qualifies for them. An employment contract may state how long this qualification period is.\n\n## Working out employment status for an employee\n\nSomeone who works for a business is probably an employee if most of the following are true:\n\n- they\u2019re required to work regularly unless they\u2019re on leave, for example holiday, sick leave or maternity leave\n\n- they\u2019re required to do a minimum number of hours and expect to be paid for time worked\n\n- a manager or supervisor is responsible for their workload, saying when a piece of work should be finished and how it should be done\n\n- they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work\n\n- they get paid holiday\n\n- they\u2019re entitled to contractual or Statutory Sick Pay, and maternity or paternity pay\n\n- they can join the business\u2019s pension scheme\n\n- the business\u2019s disciplinary and grievance procedures apply to them\n\n- they work at the business\u2019s premises or at an address specified by the business\n\n- their contract sets out redundancy procedures\n\n- the business provides the materials, tools and equipment for their work\n\n- they only work for the business or if they do have another job, it\u2019s completely different from their work for the business\n\n- their contract, statement of terms and conditions or offer letter (which can be described as an \u2018employment contract\u2019) uses terms like \u2018employer\u2019 and \u2018employee\u2019\n\nIf most of these don\u2019t apply, you should work out if the person is self-employed.\n\nIndividuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.\n\n## Employee shareholders\n\nAn employee shareholder is someone who works under an employment contract and owns at least \u00a32,000 worth of shares in the employer\u2019s company or parent company.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nEmployee shareholders have most of the same employment rights as workers and employees.\n\nThey also have the right to collective redundancy consultation and transfer of undertakings (TUPE) - this protects the employee\u2019s terms and conditions when the business is transferred to a new owner.\n\nEmployee shareholders don\u2019t have these rights:\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal - apart from dismissal on grounds of discrimination and in relation to health and safety\n\n- statutory redundancy pay\n\n- the right to request flexible working - except in the 2 weeks after returning from parental leave\n\n- certain statutory rights to request time off for training\n\nEmployee shareholders must give 16 weeks notice if they want to come back early from maternity leave, additional paternity leave and adoption leave.\n\nEmployers can choose more generous employment rights than the statutory ones.\n\n## Tax relief and obligations\n\nEmployee shareholders can get tax relief on the first \u00a32,000 of shares they get before 1 December 2016.\n\nEmployee shareholders must pay tax on buying and selling shares.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has further guidance on tax relief for employee shareholders.\n\n## Applying for employment shareholder jobs\n\nAnyone can apply for an employee shareholder job.\n\nPeople claiming Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance don\u2019t have to apply for an employee shareholder job that Jobcentre Plus have told them about.\n\nExisting employees don\u2019t have to accept a change to an employment contract to become an employee shareholder if they don\u2019t want to.\n\n## Offering employment shareholder status\n\nEmployers must following certain rules when offering employment shareholder status to their employees.\n\n## Self-employed and contractor\n\nA person is self-employed if they run their business for themselves and take responsibility for its success or failure.\n\nSelf-employed workers aren\u2019t paid through PAYE, and they don\u2019t have the employment rights and responsibilities of employees.\n\nSomeone can be both employed and self-employed at the same time, for example if they work for an employer during the day and run their own business in the evenings.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nEmployment law doesn\u2019t cover self-employed people in most cases because they are their own boss.\n\nHowever, if a person is self-employed:\n\n- they still have protection for their health and safety and, in some cases, protection against discrimination\n\n- their rights and responsibilities are set out by the terms of the contract they have with their client\n\n## Working out if someone is self-employed\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may regard someone as self-employed for tax purposes even if they have a different status in employment law.\n\nEmployers should check if a worker is self-employed in:\n\n- tax law - whether they\u2019re exempt from PAYE\n\n- employment law - whether they have an employee\u2019s rights\n\nIndividuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.\n\n## Checking if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE\n\nSomeone is probably self-employed and shouldn\u2019t be paid through PAYE if most of the following are true:\n\n- they\u2019re in business for themselves, are responsible for the success or failure of their business and can make a loss or a profit\n\n- they can decide what work they do and when, where or how to do it\n\n- they can hire someone else to do the work\n\n- they\u2019re responsible for fixing any unsatisfactory work in their own time\n\n- their employer agrees a fixed price for their work - it doesn\u2019t depend on how long the job takes to finish\n\n- they use their own money to buy business assets, cover running costs, and provide tools and equipment for their work\n\n- they can work for more than one client\n\nYou can check someone\u2019s employment status:\n\n- online\n\n- by phone\n\nThere are special rules for businesses supplying workers, for example an employment agency.\n\n## Checking their employment rights\n\nSomeone is probably self-employed and doesn\u2019t have the rights of an employee if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE and most of the following are also true:\n\n- they put in bids or give quotes to get work\n\n- they\u2019re not under direct supervision when working\n\n- they submit invoices for the work they\u2019ve done\n\n- they\u2019re responsible for paying their own National Insurance and tax\n\n- they don\u2019t get holiday or sick pay when they\u2019re not working\n\n- they operate under a contract (sometimes known as a \u2018contract for services\u2019 or \u2018consultancy agreement\u2019) that uses terms like \u2018self-employed\u2019, \u2018consultant\u2019 or an \u2018independent contractor\u2019\n\n## Contractors\n\nA contractor can be:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- a worker or an employee if they work for a client and are employed by an agency\n\nThere\u2019s a special scheme for self-employed contractors and sub-contractors working in the construction industry called the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS).\n\n## If someone becomes self-employed\n\nA worker must tell HMRC if they become self-employed.\n\n## Director\n\nCompany directors run limited companies on behalf of shareholders.\n\nDirectors have different rights and responsibilities from employees, and are classed as office holders for tax and National Insurance contribution purposes.\n\nIf a person does other work that\u2019s not related to being a director, they may have an employment contract and get employment rights.\n\n## Office holder\n\nA person who\u2019s been appointed to a position by a company or organisation but doesn\u2019t have a contract or receive regular payment may be an office holder. This includes:\n\n- statutory appointments, such as registered company directors or secretaries, board members of statutory bodies, or crown appointments\n\n- appointments under the internal constitution of an organisation, such as club treasurers or trade union secretaries\n\n- appointments under a trust deed, such as trustees\n\n- ecclesiastical appointment, such as members of the clergy\n\nOffice holders are neither employees nor workers. However, it\u2019s possible for someone to be an office holder and an employee if they have an employment contract with the same company or organisation that meets the criteria for employees.\n\n## Working out employment status for an office holder\n\nSomeone is likely to be an office holder if most of these statements apply to them:\n\n- there is no contract or service agreement relating to their appointment\n\n- their duties are minimal, and are only those required under the relevant statute, constitution or trust deed\n\n- they don\u2019t get a salary or any other form of regular payment for their services\n\n- the only payment they get is a voluntary payment (honorarium), regardless of the work they do - tax and National Insurance are deducted by the appointing body\n\n- they\u2019re effectively working as an independent office, and are not under the close supervision or control of the appointing body\n\n## Legal decisions on employment status\n\nA court or employment tribunal (known as an industrial tribunal in Northern Ireland) can make a final decision on employment status for employment rights purposes. They\u2019ll look at how the employment relationship between the person and the business works in practice.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may separately argue that someone is self-employed for tax purposes. This may be confirmed by the tax tribunal and the courts.\n\nAn employment tribunal or court may still make a decision that someone is a worker or employee for employment rights purposes.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-status", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother has been working in a construction firm for 1 year as a worker. Due to the covid pandemic the business has gone low and he has been laid off.", + "original_question": "Can he claim for statutory redundancy pay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-634", + "question": "Scenario: I am from Italy. I came to UK last year to study BSc Electronics. I am struggling to cover my fees and require some financial help\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for a Tuition Fee Loan?\n\nDocument - Student finance:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be able to borrow money to help pay for university or college tuition fees and to help with living costs.\n\nYou might get extra money on top of this, for example if you\u2019re on a low income, are disabled or have children.\n\nIf you\u2019re a continuing student or you\u2019ve already created an account, log in to your account.\n\n## Before you apply\n\nYou start repaying once you earn over a certain amount. The size of your monthly repayments will depend on how much you earn, not what you owe.\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest on the loan from the day you take it out. The terms and conditions can change.\n\nThe rules are different if your course started before September 2012.\n\nRead the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFind out how to apply for student finance.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 25 and have no contact with your parents, you might be able to apply as an \u2018estranged student\u2019.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re a student from Scotland, Wales, or Northern Ireland. Contact the education authority if you live in the Channel Islands (Jersey and Guernsey) or Isle of Man.\n\nYou can give someone permission to act on your behalf (for example using Power of Attorney) if you want them to apply for you.\n\n## New full-time students\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and Maintenance Loan if your course starts on or after 1 August 2016.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\nIf you\u2019re studying an accelerated degree course, you could get up to \u00a311,100.\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nYou may have to give details of your household income.\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Living at home | Up to 7,747 | Up to \u00a37,987 |\n\n| Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a39,203 | Up to \u00a39,488 |\n\n| Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a312,010 | Up to \u00a312,382 |\n\n| You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a310,539 | Up to \u00a310,866 |\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance. You might need evidence of any changes.\n\nIf you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course you can apply for up to \u00a34,014.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to estimate your Maintenance Loan.\n\n## Applying during coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nRead the guidance for students during coronavirus for more information about:\n\n- changes in your household income\n\n- self-isolation stopping you from posting evidence\n\n- contacting the Student Loans Company\n\n## Coronavirus and maintenance loans\n\nYou do not need to tell SLC if your course has moved online, as long as your living arrangements stay the same. If they have changed, you must update your address in your online account.\n\n## Extra help with travel costs\n\nYou might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home. If you\u2019re a medical or dental student you might also qualify for help with the costs of attending clinical placements in the UK.\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n## Continuing full-time students\n\nWhat you\u2019re eligible for depends on when your course starts.\n\nYou may also be able to get extra help.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2016\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and a Maintenance Loan if your course starts on or after 1 August 2016.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nYou may have to give details of your household income.\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Living at home | Up to 7,747 | Up to \u00a37,987 |\n\n| Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a39,203 | Up to \u00a39,488 |\n\n| Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a312,010 | Up to \u00a312,382 |\n\n| You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a310,539 | Up to \u00a310,866 |\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements, including if you\u2019re no longer studying abroad in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance.\n\nIf you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course you can apply for up to \u00a34,014.\n\nIn your final year, you\u2019ll receive less money than you did in previous years.\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2016\n\nYou can apply for grants and loans if your course started before 1 August 2016.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nStudents aged 60 and over cannot apply. You may have to give details of your household income.\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements, including if you\u2019re no longer studying abroad in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Living at home | Up to \u00a35,247 | Up to \u00a35,410 |\n\n| Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a36,597 | Up to \u00a36,802 |\n\n| Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a39,205 | Up to \u00a39,490 |\n\n| You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a37,838 | Up to \u00a38,081 |\n\nIn your final year, you\u2019ll receive less money than you did in previous years.\n\n## Maintenance Grant for living costs\n\nYou have to give details of your household income and your course start date.\n\nThe grant is paid into your bank account at the start of each term. You do not have to pay it back, but any funds you get will reduce the Maintenance Loan you can get.\n\n## Special Support Grant\n\nYou may get a Special Support Grant instead of a Maintenance Grant if you get or qualify for:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- the housing element of Universal Credit\n\nThe amount you get is the same as the Maintenance Grant, but it will not reduce the Maintenance Loan you can get.\n\nYou may get the Special Support Grant if, for example, you\u2019re a lone parent or have certain disabilities.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you can get the grant when you apply for student finance.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Help with the costs of studying abroad\n\nYou might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home. If you\u2019re a medical or dental student you might also qualify for help with the costs of attending clinical placements in the UK.\n\n## Help during coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nRead the guidance for students during coronavirus for more information, including if:\n\n- your university or college is shut\n\n- your household income changes\n\n- you\u2019ll need to repeat or extend your studies\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n## Part-time students\n\nYou may be able to get a loan if your part-time course has a \u2018course intensity\u2019 of 25% or more.\n\n\u2018Course intensity\u2019 measures how much of your course you complete each year compared to an equivalent full-time course.\n\nYou can work this out by comparing your module credits with the number of module credits a full-time student will study. You\u2019ll be asked how many credits you\u2019ll study when you apply for the loan.\n\nCheck with your university or college if you\u2019re not sure.\n\nWhat you can apply for depends on when your course starts.\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance. You might need evidence of any changes.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and a Maintenance Loan.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\nYou can get up to \u00a36,935 in an academic year.\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nHow much you can get depends on:\n\n- where you live while studying\n\n- your household income\n\n- your course intensity\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account 2 weeks after the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\nYou can only apply for a Maintenance Loan as a Distance Learning student if you cannot attend your course in person because of a disability.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to estimate your Maintenance Loan.\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible for a Maintenance Loan if you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2018\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan.\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\nYou can get up to \u00a36,935 in an academic year.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## EU students\n\nYou may be able to get a Tuition Fee Loan and help with living costs if you\u2019re from an EU country, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to see what finance you can get.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\n| Full-time student at a private university or college | Up to \u00a36,165 | Up to \u00a36,165 |\n\n| Part-time student | Up to \u00a36,935 | Up to \u00a36,935 |\n\n| Part-time student at a private university or college | Up to \u00a34,625 | Up to \u00a34,625 |\n\nUse the student finance calculator to estimate your Tuition Fee Loan.\n\n## Help with living costs\n\nYou may be eligible for help with your living costs if both the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in the UK for more than 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course\n\n- you have settled status\n\nAcademic years start on 1 September, 1 January, 1 April or 1 July. Ask someone who runs your course if you do not know which one applies.\n\n## Student Finance from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re\u00a0starting a course\u00a0on\u00a0or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nIf you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study here.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n## Extra help\n\nCheck on the student finance calculator to see what extra help you might be able to get.\n\n## Students on a low income\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\n## Students with children or dependent adults\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- Childcare Grant - full-time students only\n\n- Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance - full-time students only\n\n- Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant - full-time students only\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\n## Disabled students\n\nIf you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (such as dyslexia) you can apply for:\n\n- Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\nYou may also qualify for disability related benefits.\n\n## Medical, social work and teacher training students\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- NHS bursaries if you\u2019re studying certain medical, dentistry or healthcare courses\n\n- help with costs of travel to UK clinical placements if you\u2019re studying a medical, dentistry or healthcare course\n\n- social work bursaries if you\u2019re a social work student\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re a teacher training student\n\n## Students studying abroad\n\nYou might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home.\n\n## Help from your university or college\n\nMany universities and colleges offer extra money directly to students.\n\n## Funding from charitable trusts\n\nUse the Turn2us grant search to check whether you qualify for funding from a charitable trust.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify for student finance depends on:\n\n- your university or college\n\n- your course\n\n- if you\u2019ve studied a higher education course before\n\n- your age\n\n- your nationality or residency status\n\n## Your university or college\n\nThis should be a university, college or other institution that offers a qualifying course.\n\n## Your course\n\nCheck with the university or college that your course is recognised.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying full-time\n\nYou may be eligible for student finance if your course is in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- a Foundation Degree\n\n- a Certificate of Higher Education\n\n- a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)\n\n- a Higher National Certificate (HNC)\n\n- a Higher National Diploma (HND)\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training course\n\n- an integrated master\u2019s degree\n\n- a pre-registration postgraduate healthcare course\n\nCheck on the student finance calculator to find out which loans and grants you could be eligible for.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying part-time\n\nYour course needs a \u2018course intensity\u2019 of 25% or more for you to be eligible for student finance.\n\nYou\u2019ll be eligible for a Tuition Fee Loan if your course is in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- a Foundation Degree\n\n- a Certificate of Higher Education\n\n- a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)\n\n- a Higher National Certificate (HNC)\n\n- a Higher National Diploma (HND)\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training course\n\n- an integrated master\u2019s degree\n\nYou\u2019ll be eligible for a Maintenance Loan if your course is in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training course (if it\u2019s degree level or above)\n\n- an integrated master\u2019s degree\n\n- a Foundation Degree in dental hygiene and dental therapy\n\n- a DipHE in dental hygiene and dental therapy or operating department practice\n\n## If you\u2019ve studied before\n\nYou\u2019ll usually only get student finance if you\u2019re doing your first higher education qualification - even if your previous course was self-funded. You may still be eligible for limited funding in certain circumstances and for some courses.\n\n## If you changed course, stopped your studies or are repeating a year\n\nIf you stopped your course within the first year, you\u2019ll get funding for the same course or a new course when you go back.\n\nYou might also get funding if you:\n\n- suspended your course or withdrew before it finished - and you\u2019re going back to study any course\n\n- are repeating a year of your course at the same university, college, or institution.\n\nIf you stopped your studies for a personal reason (for example, you were ill or pregnant) you might get funding for all of your course - you should apply online with supporting evidence.\n\nYou can calculate the amount you will get by taking the total number of years of the course you are applying for and adding one year. Then take away the number of years you studied for. If you studied for part of a year you should count it as a whole year.\n\n## If you already have a degree\n\nYou may be eligible for limited funding in certain circumstances.\n\nYou may get limited funding if you\u2019re \u2018topping up\u2019 a higher education qualification, for example you\u2019ve finished an HNC, HND or Foundation Degree and now want to do an Honours degree.\n\nYou may also get limited funding if you hold an Honours degree or a higher level of qualification and start a new course. This could be a part-time Honours degree, a joint Honours degree or an Integrated Master\u2019s degree in one of the following (or 2 if it\u2019s a joint Honours degree):\n\n- agriculture and related subjects\n\n- architecture (if it\u2019s a MArch RIBA Part 2 course)\n\n- biological sciences\n\n- computer science\n\n- mathematical sciences\n\n- medicine and allied subjects\n\n- physical sciences\n\n- technologies\n\n- courses leading to qualification as a veterinary surgeon\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re starting a healthcare course on or after 1 August 2017.\n\n## Your age\n\nThere\u2019s no upper age limit for Tuition Fee Loans or grants.\n\n## If you\u2019re 60 or over\n\nYou may get limited funding for Maintenance Loans if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your \ncourse\n\n- you\u2019re studying full-time\n\n- your course started on or after 1 August 2016\n\nThe amount you can apply for depends on your household income.\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nYou may be able to get help with:\n\n- your tuition fees and living costs (full support)\n\n- your tuition fees\n\nThe type of help you can get depends on your nationality and residency status.\n\n## When you\u2019re eligible for full support\n\nYou can apply for full support if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a UK or Irish citizen or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- you normally live in England\n\n- you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday\n\nYou may be eligible for full support if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who:\n\n- returned to the UK by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years\n\nYou may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:\n\n- refugee (including family members)\n\n- humanitarian protection (including family members)\n\n- migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein (including family members) with settled or pre-settled status\n\n- child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- a stateless person (including family members)\n\n- an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment\n\n- a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain\n\n- a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ve been given settled status (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:\n\n- under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years\n\n- 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\nYou must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.\n\n## When you can apply for help with your tuition fees\n\nYou can apply for tuition fee funding if you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland for the past 3 years and you have one of the following:\n\n- pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re an EU national or the family member of an EU national\n\n- pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re the family member of an Irish citizen or person of Northern Ireland\n\n- Irish citizenship\n\n- Gibraltarian status as an EU national\n\n- been living in Gibraltar as a UK national\n\nIf you\u2019re an Irish citizen, you\u2019re still eligible to apply if you\u2019ve lived in the UK and Ireland in the 3 years before your course.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to see what finance you can get.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Apply\n\nFind out how to apply for student finance.\n\n## Parents or partners of students\n\nConfirm your income if you\u2019re the student\u2019s parent or partner.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am from Italy. I came to UK last year to study BSc Electronics. I am struggling to cover my fees and require some financial help", + "original_question": "Can I apply for a Tuition Fee Loan?" + }, + { + "id": "train-635", + "question": "Scenario: I own a bike repair workshop in Manchester and employ several people. I want to pay them by output work, and have calculated the fair rate of pay, which I want to introduce.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to tell the workers about their rate in advance of them completing the work?\n\nDocument - Minimum wage for different types of work:\n## Overview\n\nThe National Minimum Wage is worked out at an hourly rate, but it applies to all eligible workers even if they\u2019re not paid by the hour.\n\nThis means that, however someone gets paid, they still need to work out their equivalent hourly rate to see if they\u2019re getting the minimum wage.\n\nThere are different ways of checking that workers get the minimum wage depending on whether they are:\n\n- paid by the hour (known as \u2018time work\u2019)\n\n- paid an annual salary, under a contract for a basic number of hours each year (known as \u2018salaried hours\u2019)\n\n- paid by the piece - the number of things they make, or tasks they complete (known as \u2018output work\u2019)\n\n- paid in other ways (known as \u2018unmeasured work\u2019)\n\nUse the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if payments are over the minimum wage.\n\n## What counts as working time\n\nFor all types of work, include time spent:\n\n- at work and required to be working, or on standby near the workplace (but do not include rest breaks that are taken)\n\n- not working because of machine breakdown, but kept at the workplace\n\n- waiting to collect goods, meet someone for work or start a job\n\n- travelling in connection with work, including travelling from one work assignment to another\n\n- training or travelling to training\n\n- at work and under certain work-related responsibilities even when workers are allowed to sleep (whether or not a place to sleep is provided)\n\nDo not include time spent:\n\n- travelling between home and work\n\n- away from work on rest breaks, holidays, sick leave or maternity leave\n\n- on industrial action\n\n- not working but at the workplace or available for work at or near the workplace during a time when workers are allowed to sleep (and you provide a place to sleep)\n\nCall the Acas helpline for advice about the National Minimum Wage.\n\n## Paid by the hour\n\nWorkers paid according to the number of hours they are at work are classed as doing \u2018time work\u2019.\n\nFor these workers, the average hourly pay has to be at least the National Minimum Wage, worked out over the period each pay packet covers - so for a worker who gets paid once a month, this period will be 1 month.\n\nUse the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if payments are at least at the minimum wage.\n\n## Paid an annual salary\n\nMost people paid an annual salary are classed as doing \u2018salaried hours work\u2019.\n\nTo find out if they are getting the minimum wage you must work out how many basic hours they work in return for their salary.\n\nSomeone is usually doing salaried hours work if all of the following apply:\n\n- their contract states how many hours they must work in return for their salary (their basic hours)\n\n- they\u2019re paid in equal, regular instalments through the year, for example monthly or every 4 weeks\n\n- there is no more than a month between each payment\n\n- they do not get paid more than once a week\n\nIf someone is paid monthly they do not need to be paid exactly the same amount each month, but they must get the same total amount every 3 months (each quarter of the year).\n\nSalaried hours workers\u2019 contracts might not state the total number of basic hours the worker must work over the entire year, but you must be able to work this out from the contract.\n\nFor example, if a contract states the days of the week someone is expected to work and the basic hours for each day, you can use this to work out the total basic hours someone is expected to work over the year.\n\nYou can then use this figure to make sure the rate of pay is at least the minimum wage.\n\n## Work out the hourly rate\n\n- Find the basic annual hours in the worker\u2019s contract.\n\n- Divide this by the number of times they get paid each year (for example 12 if they get paid monthly) - this gives you the average number of hours covered by each pay packet.\n\n- Divide the amount they get in each pay packet by this number (average hours). This gives you the worker\u2019s hourly rate.\n\nIf you know how many basic hours someone works for each payment they get, you can use the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if they\u2019re paid the minimum wage.\n\n## Extra hours\n\nEmployers must pay at least the minimum wage for any hours worked in addition to what\u2019s agreed in the worker\u2019s contract.\n\n## Other salaried workers\n\nSome people paid a salary may not be salaried hours workers, for example if there is more than a month between each payment.\n\nThese people are usually classed as doing \u2018time work\u2019 when working out if they are paid minimum wage or not.\n\n## Paid per task or piece of work done\n\nWorkers paid per task they perform or piece of work they do (known as piece work) are classed as doing \u2018output work\u2019.\n\nThey must be paid either:\n\n- at least the minimum wage for every hour worked\n\n- a \u2018fair rate\u2019 for each task or piece of work they do\n\nOutput work can usually only be used in limited situations when the employer does not know which hours the worker does (such as with some home workers).\n\nThe work is not classed as output work if the employer sets either:\n\n- a minimum or maximum time the worker must work\n\n- the start and finish times for a period of work\n\nIf the employer sets the times of work this counts as \u2018time work\u2019.\n\n## Fair rate\n\nThe fair rate is the amount that must be paid for each piece of work, to make sure someone working at an average speed is paid at least the minimum wage per hour.\n\nThere is a way to work out the fair rate per piece of work done which employers must follow.\n\n## Work out the average rate of work per hour\n\nEmployers must carry out a fair test to find out how many tasks or pieces an average worker completes in an hour (the average rate of work).\n\n- Test some or all of the workers. The group you test must be typical of the whole workforce - not just the most efficient or fastest ones.\n\n- Work out how many pieces of work have been completed in a normal working hour.\n\n- Divide this by the number of workers to work out the average rate.\n\n- If the work changes significantly, do another test to work out the new average rate. It\u2019s not necessary to do another test if the same work is being done in a different environment, for example work previously done in a factory being done at home.\n\n## Work out the fair rate\n\n- Divide the average rate of work by 1.2 (this means new workers will not be disadvantaged if they\u2019re not as fast as the others yet).\n\n- Divide the hourly minimum wage rate by that number to work out the fair rate for each piece of work completed.\n\nIf an agricultural worker was employed before 2013 or is in Wales, they may be entitled to the Agricultural Minimum Wage. There are also different rules and rates for agricultural workers in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Give notice of fair rate\n\nTo use a fair rate an employer must give each worker a written notice before they start work for the first time.\n\nThe notice must:\n\n- say that the worker will be paid for producing a piece of work or completing a task, for example picking a certain amount of fruit\n\n- say that to calculate whether minimum wage is being paid it\u2019s assumed the task will take an average time to complete\n\n- confirm if the average time to complete the task has been tested or is an estimate\n\n- say how many tasks or pieces of work it\u2019s assumed someone can complete in an hour\n\n- give the amount to be paid for each piece that the worker completes\n\n- include the ACAS helpline number, which is 0300 123 1100\n\nIf employers do not give a worker a complete notice then the worker is entitled to be paid by the hour instead.\n\n## Paid in other ways (unmeasured work)\n\nIf the work is not covered by any of the other types of work, it\u2019s \u2018unmeasured work\u2019.\n\nUnmeasured work includes being paid a set amount to do a particular task, for instance being paid \u00a3500 to lay a patio, regardless of how long it takes.\n\nTo work out the minimum wage for unmeasured work, either:\n\n- record every hour worked and use the National Minimum Wage calculator to make sure the worker gets the minimum wage\n\n- make a \u2018daily average agreement of hours\u2019\n\n## Daily average agreement of hours\n\nThis is when the employer and worker agree a typical number of hours per day they expect to work on average. One agreement can cover several pay reference periods (for example, weeks if the worker\u2019s paid weekly) if there\u2019s no change in the average number of hours.\n\nDaily average agreements of hours must:\n\n- be agreed in writing\n\n- be made before the start of the pay reference period they cover\n\n- say how many hours the work should take each day (on average)\n\nThe employer must be able to prove that the number of hours worked on average is realistic.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minimum-wage-different-types-work", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a bike repair workshop in Manchester and employ several people. I want to pay them by output work, and have calculated the fair rate of pay, which I want to introduce.", + "original_question": "Do I have to tell the workers about their rate in advance of them completing the work?" + }, + { + "id": "train-639", + "question": "Scenario: I am an agency worker and a part-timer in an electronics shop. I am 25 years old. I get a feeling that I am paid less than National Minimum Wage\n\nQuestion: Am I entitled for correct minimum wage even If I am a part-timer ?\n\nDocument - The National Minimum Wage and Living Wage:\n## Overview\n\nThe minimum wage a worker should get depends on their age and if they\u2019re an apprentice.\n\nThe National Minimum Wage is the minimum pay per hour almost all workers are entitled to. The National Living Wage is higher than the National Minimum Wage - workers get it if they\u2019re over 23.\n\nIt does not matter how small an employer is, they still have to pay the correct minimum wage.\n\n## Calculate the minimum wage\n\nUse the minimum wage calculators to check if the correct minimum wage has been paid.\n\nThere are separate calculators for workers and employers.\n\nUse the calculator for workers to check if you\u2019re getting the correct minimum wage or if an employer owes you payment from the previous year.\n\nUse the calculator for employers to check if you\u2019re paying the correct minimum wage or if you owe a payment from the previous year.\n\nThere is also guidance on working out the minimum wage for different types of work.\n\nCall the Acas helpline or visit the Acas Helpline Online for advice about the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\n## Who gets the minimum wage\n\nPeople classed as \u2018workers\u2019 must be at least school leaving age to get the National Minimum Wage. They must be 23 or over to get the National Living Wage.\n\nContracts for payments below the minimum wage are not legally binding. The worker is still entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nWorkers are also entitled to the correct minimum wage if they\u2019re:\n\n- part-time\n\n- casual labourers, for example someone hired for one day\n\n- agency workers\n\n- workers and homeworkers paid by the number of items they make\n\n- apprentices\n\n- trainees, workers on probation\n\n- disabled workers\n\n- agricultural workers\n\n- foreign workers\n\n- seafarers\n\n- offshore workers\n\n## Apprentices\n\nApprentices are entitled to the apprentice rate if they\u2019re either:\n\n- under 19\n\n- 19 or over and in the first year of their apprenticeship\n\nApprentices over 19 who have completed the first year of their apprenticeship are entitled to the correct minimum wage for their age.\n\n## Not entitled to the minimum wage\n\nThe following types of workers are not entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage:\n\n- self-employed people running their own business\n\n- company directors\n\n- people who are volunteers or voluntary workers\n\n- workers on a government employment programme, such as the Work Programme\n\n- members of the armed forces\n\n- family members of the employer living in the employer\u2019s home\n\n- non-family members living in the employer\u2019s home who share in the work and leisure activities, are treated as one of the family and are not charged for meals or accommodation, for example au pairs\n\n- workers younger than school leaving age (usually 16)\n\n- higher and further education students on work experience or a work placement up to one year\n\n- people shadowing others at work\n\n- workers on government pre-apprenticeships schemes\n\n- people on the following European Union (EU) programmes: Leonardo da Vinci, Erasmus+, Comenius\n\n- people working on a Jobcentre Plus Work trial for up to 6 weeks\n\n- share fishermen\n\n- prisoners\n\n- people living and working in a religious community\n\nEmployers who offer internships (sometimes called \u2018work placements\u2019 or \u2018work experience\u2019) should check if the person is entitled to the minimum wage.\n\n## Voluntary work\n\nYou\u2019re classed as doing voluntary work if you can only get certain limited benefits (for example reasonable travel or lunch expenses) and you\u2019re working for a:\n\n- charity\n\n- voluntary organisation or associated fundraising body\n\n- statutory body\n\nContact the Acas helpline to find out if you should be getting the minimum wage.\n\n## Employers and the minimum wage\n\nEmployers must pay workers the correct minimum wage.\n\nYou can read guidance on the minimum wage rates and who they apply to.\n\n## What\u2019s not included in minimum wage calculations\n\nSome payments must not be included when the minimum wage is calculated.\n\nThese are:\n\n- payments that should not be included for the employer\u2019s own use or benefit, for example if the employer has paid for travel to work\n\n- things the worker bought for the job and is not refunded for, such as tools, uniform, safety equipment\n\n- tips, service charges and cover charges\n\n- extra pay for working unsocial hours on a shift\n\nFind out what counts as working time.\n\n## What\u2019s included in minimum wage calculations\n\nSome payments must be included when the minimum wage is calculated.\n\nThese are:\n\n- Income Tax and National Insurance contributions\n\n- wage advances or loans\n\n- repayment of wage advances or loans\n\n- repayment of overpaid wages\n\n- things the worker paid for that are not needed for the job or paid for voluntarily, such as meals\n\n- accommodation provided by an employer above the offset rate (\u00a38.36 a day or \u00a358.52 a week)\n\n- penalty charges for a worker\u2019s misconduct\n\nRead the detailed guidance on calculating the minimum wage for more on what counts and does not count towards the minimum wage, eligibility, how to calculate the minimum wage and how it is enforced.\n\n## Employer checks\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence for employers to not pay someone the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage, or to fake payment records.\n\nEmployers who discover they\u2019ve paid a worker below the correct minimum wage must pay any arrears immediately. Use the National Minimum Wage and National Living Wage calculator to check a worker has been paid correctly.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) officers have the right to carry out checks at any time and ask to see payment records. They can also investigate employers if a worker complains to them.\n\nIf HMRC finds that an employer has not been paying the correct rates, any arrears have to be paid back immediately. There will also be a fine and offenders might be named by the government.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nIt\u2019s the employer\u2019s responsibility to keep records proving that they are paying the minimum wage. These records must be kept for at least 6 years if they:\n\n- were created on or after 1 April 2021\n\n- still had to be kept on 31 March 2021 under the previous rule that records must be kept for 3 years\n\nThe period records must be kept for starts from the last day of the pay reference period after the one they cover.\n\nThey do not have to be kept in any particular form, for example they can be paper or computer records. But employers must be able to produce records for an individual pay reference period in a single document.\n\nMost employers use their payroll records as proof of:\n\n- total pay - including pay deductions, allowances and tips\n\n- total hours worked - including absences and overtime\n\nEmployers may also need to keep records such as:\n\n- agreements about working hours, pay and conditions, such as contracts\n\n- documents that show why a worker is not entitled to the minimum wage\n\n## Pay reference periods\n\nPay reference periods are usually set by how often someone is paid, for example one week, one month or 10 days. A pay reference period cannot be longer than 31 days.\n\nA worker must be paid the minimum wage, on average, for the time worked in the pay reference period.\n\n## Worker disputes over minimum wage\n\nWorkers who think their pay is below the correct minimum wage rate should talk to their employer first.\n\nIf this does not solve the problem, they can ask the employer in writing to see their payment records. The worker can take someone with them and make copies of the records.\n\nIf an employer owes the worker any arrears they have to pay these back.\n\nWorkers can call the confidential Acas helpline or look at the Acas Helpline Online to help them solve a payment dispute.\n\nWorkers can also make a complaint to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about their employer or employment agency or complain on behalf of someone else.\n\n## If the employer refuses payment\n\nIf HMRC find that the employer has not paid they will send them a notice for the arrears plus a fine for not paying the minimum wage.\n\nHMRC can take them to court on behalf of the worker if the employer still refuses to pay.\n\n## Employment tribunal\n\nWorkers can also go directly to the employment tribunal themselves.\n\nWorkers who have been dismissed because of a minimum wage dispute can also complain to the employment tribunal for unfair dismissal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an agency worker and a part-timer in an electronics shop. I am 25 years old. I get a feeling that I am paid less than National Minimum Wage", + "original_question": "Am I entitled for correct minimum wage even If I am a part-timer ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-640", + "question": "Scenario: I am on a part-time role. I was under paid by my employer and it was found by HMRC and HMRC send them a notice to pay the arrears plus fine but my employer still did not pay me\n\nQuestion: Will HMRC take my employer to court ?\n\nDocument - The National Minimum Wage and Living Wage:\n## Overview\n\nThe minimum wage a worker should get depends on their age and if they\u2019re an apprentice.\n\nThe National Minimum Wage is the minimum pay per hour almost all workers are entitled to. The National Living Wage is higher than the National Minimum Wage - workers get it if they\u2019re over 23.\n\nIt does not matter how small an employer is, they still have to pay the correct minimum wage.\n\n## Calculate the minimum wage\n\nUse the minimum wage calculators to check if the correct minimum wage has been paid.\n\nThere are separate calculators for workers and employers.\n\nUse the calculator for workers to check if you\u2019re getting the correct minimum wage or if an employer owes you payment from the previous year.\n\nUse the calculator for employers to check if you\u2019re paying the correct minimum wage or if you owe a payment from the previous year.\n\nThere is also guidance on working out the minimum wage for different types of work.\n\nCall the Acas helpline or visit the Acas Helpline Online for advice about the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\n## Who gets the minimum wage\n\nPeople classed as \u2018workers\u2019 must be at least school leaving age to get the National Minimum Wage. They must be 23 or over to get the National Living Wage.\n\nContracts for payments below the minimum wage are not legally binding. The worker is still entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nWorkers are also entitled to the correct minimum wage if they\u2019re:\n\n- part-time\n\n- casual labourers, for example someone hired for one day\n\n- agency workers\n\n- workers and homeworkers paid by the number of items they make\n\n- apprentices\n\n- trainees, workers on probation\n\n- disabled workers\n\n- agricultural workers\n\n- foreign workers\n\n- seafarers\n\n- offshore workers\n\n## Apprentices\n\nApprentices are entitled to the apprentice rate if they\u2019re either:\n\n- under 19\n\n- 19 or over and in the first year of their apprenticeship\n\nApprentices over 19 who have completed the first year of their apprenticeship are entitled to the correct minimum wage for their age.\n\n## Not entitled to the minimum wage\n\nThe following types of workers are not entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage:\n\n- self-employed people running their own business\n\n- company directors\n\n- people who are volunteers or voluntary workers\n\n- workers on a government employment programme, such as the Work Programme\n\n- members of the armed forces\n\n- family members of the employer living in the employer\u2019s home\n\n- non-family members living in the employer\u2019s home who share in the work and leisure activities, are treated as one of the family and are not charged for meals or accommodation, for example au pairs\n\n- workers younger than school leaving age (usually 16)\n\n- higher and further education students on work experience or a work placement up to one year\n\n- people shadowing others at work\n\n- workers on government pre-apprenticeships schemes\n\n- people on the following European Union (EU) programmes: Leonardo da Vinci, Erasmus+, Comenius\n\n- people working on a Jobcentre Plus Work trial for up to 6 weeks\n\n- share fishermen\n\n- prisoners\n\n- people living and working in a religious community\n\nEmployers who offer internships (sometimes called \u2018work placements\u2019 or \u2018work experience\u2019) should check if the person is entitled to the minimum wage.\n\n## Voluntary work\n\nYou\u2019re classed as doing voluntary work if you can only get certain limited benefits (for example reasonable travel or lunch expenses) and you\u2019re working for a:\n\n- charity\n\n- voluntary organisation or associated fundraising body\n\n- statutory body\n\nContact the Acas helpline to find out if you should be getting the minimum wage.\n\n## Employers and the minimum wage\n\nEmployers must pay workers the correct minimum wage.\n\nYou can read guidance on the minimum wage rates and who they apply to.\n\n## What\u2019s not included in minimum wage calculations\n\nSome payments must not be included when the minimum wage is calculated.\n\nThese are:\n\n- payments that should not be included for the employer\u2019s own use or benefit, for example if the employer has paid for travel to work\n\n- things the worker bought for the job and is not refunded for, such as tools, uniform, safety equipment\n\n- tips, service charges and cover charges\n\n- extra pay for working unsocial hours on a shift\n\nFind out what counts as working time.\n\n## What\u2019s included in minimum wage calculations\n\nSome payments must be included when the minimum wage is calculated.\n\nThese are:\n\n- Income Tax and National Insurance contributions\n\n- wage advances or loans\n\n- repayment of wage advances or loans\n\n- repayment of overpaid wages\n\n- things the worker paid for that are not needed for the job or paid for voluntarily, such as meals\n\n- accommodation provided by an employer above the offset rate (\u00a38.36 a day or \u00a358.52 a week)\n\n- penalty charges for a worker\u2019s misconduct\n\nRead the detailed guidance on calculating the minimum wage for more on what counts and does not count towards the minimum wage, eligibility, how to calculate the minimum wage and how it is enforced.\n\n## Employer checks\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence for employers to not pay someone the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage, or to fake payment records.\n\nEmployers who discover they\u2019ve paid a worker below the correct minimum wage must pay any arrears immediately. Use the National Minimum Wage and National Living Wage calculator to check a worker has been paid correctly.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) officers have the right to carry out checks at any time and ask to see payment records. They can also investigate employers if a worker complains to them.\n\nIf HMRC finds that an employer has not been paying the correct rates, any arrears have to be paid back immediately. There will also be a fine and offenders might be named by the government.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nIt\u2019s the employer\u2019s responsibility to keep records proving that they are paying the minimum wage. These records must be kept for at least 6 years if they:\n\n- were created on or after 1 April 2021\n\n- still had to be kept on 31 March 2021 under the previous rule that records must be kept for 3 years\n\nThe period records must be kept for starts from the last day of the pay reference period after the one they cover.\n\nThey do not have to be kept in any particular form, for example they can be paper or computer records. But employers must be able to produce records for an individual pay reference period in a single document.\n\nMost employers use their payroll records as proof of:\n\n- total pay - including pay deductions, allowances and tips\n\n- total hours worked - including absences and overtime\n\nEmployers may also need to keep records such as:\n\n- agreements about working hours, pay and conditions, such as contracts\n\n- documents that show why a worker is not entitled to the minimum wage\n\n## Pay reference periods\n\nPay reference periods are usually set by how often someone is paid, for example one week, one month or 10 days. A pay reference period cannot be longer than 31 days.\n\nA worker must be paid the minimum wage, on average, for the time worked in the pay reference period.\n\n## Worker disputes over minimum wage\n\nWorkers who think their pay is below the correct minimum wage rate should talk to their employer first.\n\nIf this does not solve the problem, they can ask the employer in writing to see their payment records. The worker can take someone with them and make copies of the records.\n\nIf an employer owes the worker any arrears they have to pay these back.\n\nWorkers can call the confidential Acas helpline or look at the Acas Helpline Online to help them solve a payment dispute.\n\nWorkers can also make a complaint to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about their employer or employment agency or complain on behalf of someone else.\n\n## If the employer refuses payment\n\nIf HMRC find that the employer has not paid they will send them a notice for the arrears plus a fine for not paying the minimum wage.\n\nHMRC can take them to court on behalf of the worker if the employer still refuses to pay.\n\n## Employment tribunal\n\nWorkers can also go directly to the employment tribunal themselves.\n\nWorkers who have been dismissed because of a minimum wage dispute can also complain to the employment tribunal for unfair dismissal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am on a part-time role. I was under paid by my employer and it was found by HMRC and HMRC send them a notice to pay the arrears plus fine but my employer still did not pay me", + "original_question": "Will HMRC take my employer to court ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-642", + "question": "Scenario: My father owns pub and would like to submit his PAYE bill using his bank. He would like to have a payment booklet.\n\nQuestion: Can he request one from the HMRC?\n\nDocument - Pay employers' PAYE:\n## Overview\n\nYou must pay your PAYE bill to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by:\n\n- the 22nd of the next tax month if you pay monthly\n\n- the 22nd after the end of the quarter if you pay quarterly - for example, 22 July for the 6 April to 5 July quarter\n\nPay now\n\nIf you pay by cheque through the post the deadline is the 19th of the month.\n\n## What you\u2019re paying\n\nYour PAYE bill may include:\n\n- employee Income Tax deductions\n\n- Class 1 and 1B National Insurance\n\n- Class 1A National Insurance on termination awards and sporting testimonials\n\n- Student Loan repayments\n\n- Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deductions\n\n- your Apprenticeship Levy payments (starting from April 2017) if you, or employers you\u2019re connected to, have an annual pay bill of more than \u00a33 million\n\nYou pay your Class 1A National Insurance on work benefits that you give to your employees separately.\n\nPAYE Settlement Agreements are also paid separately.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HMRC by the deadline. You may have to pay interest and penalties if your payment is late.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- through your online bank account\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society (cash or cheque)\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve already set one up)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set up one before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## Payment booklets\n\nYou\u2019ll need a payment booklet from HMRC to pay at your bank or building society, or by post. If you do not have one, ask HMRC to send it to you.\n\nIf you\u2019re no longer using your payment booklet, you can ask HMRC to stop sending it.\n\nHMRC will automatically stop sending your payment booklet if you make 2 or more electronic payments in a year.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment. This means you\u2019ll need to set up a payment each time you pay HMRC through Direct Debit.\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need your 13-character accounts office reference number to make a payment. You can find this on the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\nThe payments will show on your bank statement as \u2018HMRC NDDS\u2019.\n\n## Early or late payments\n\nMake sure you also enter the correct year and month the payment is for in the separate boxes provided.\n\n## Make an online or telephone bank transfer\n\nYou can make a transfer from your bank account by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n## If your account is overseas\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 13-character accounts office reference number as the payment reference. You can find this on either:\n\n- the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\n- the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Early payments\n\n## If you pay monthly\n\nYou need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay before the 6th of the tax month that payment is due.\n\nWork out the number you need to use.\n\n## If you pay quarterly\n\nYou need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay before the 6th of the second month in the quarter.\n\nWork out the number you need to use.\n\n## Late payments\n\nYou need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay on or after the 5th of the tax month after payment was due. Do this whether you pay monthly or quarterly.\n\nWork out the number you need to use. You use a different tool if the payment was for a previous tax year.\n\n## Multiple PAYE schemes\n\nSend an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single payment via CHAPS for multiple PAYE schemes.\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## Approve a payment through your online bank account\n\nYou can pay your PAYE bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve signed into your HMRC account, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your PAYE payment.\n\nThe payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your employers\u2019 PAYE bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 13-character accounts office reference number as the payment reference. You can find this on the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.\n\n## Early or late payments\n\nMake sure you enter the correct year and month the payment is for in the separate boxes provided.\n\n## Pay for the previous tax year\n\nSelect the previous tax year and \u2018month 12\u2019 for the last tax year. If you do not do this, your payment will go to the current tax year instead.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 13-character accounts office reference number on the back of the cheque. You will find the reference number on the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent to you when you first registered as an employer.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay in using the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have one of these, ask HMRC to send you a payment booklet.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have fewer than 250 employees.\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 13-character Accounts Office reference number on the back of the cheque. You can find this number on the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nInclude the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have this, you can either:\n\n- ask HMRC to send you a payment booklet\n\n- print off a replacement payment slip\n\nYou can only use a replacement payslip to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\nDo not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYou can include a letter with your payment to ask HMRC for a receipt.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nCheck your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account - it should update within 6 working days of making payment.\n\nIf you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.\n\n## Tell HMRC no payment is due\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have not paid any employees for at least one tax month.\n\nYou can tell HMRC by filling in an Employer Payment Summary (EPS).\n\nYou must send it by the 19th of the month following the tax month when no employees were paid.\n\nIf you do not send an EPS, HMRC will send you a notice estimating how much you owe. You may have to pay a penalty.\n\n## Telling HMRC in advance\n\nYou can tell HMRC that you will not pay any employees up to 12 months in advance.\n\nContractors in the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) who have no payments to make need to tell HMRC through a CIS return and a EPS. CIS contractors with payments to make only need to file a CIS return.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father owns pub and would like to submit his PAYE bill using his bank. He would like to have a payment booklet.", + "original_question": "Can he request one from the HMRC?" + }, + { + "id": "train-645", + "question": "Scenario: I work in a IT consulting company and been employed for 2 years. My company has 150 employees in total. I need some technology training to carry out some tasks.\n\nQuestion: Do I have rights to ask my employer for a training ?\n\nDocument - Training and study at work: your rights:\n## Who can and can't ask for time off to train\n\nStaff may have the right to ask for time off work for training or study.\n\nTo ask for training or study:\n\n- staff must be classed as an employee\n\n- they must have worked for their employer for at least 26 weeks\n\n- training must help staff do their job better\n\n- at least 250 people must work in the organisation\n\nTime off is usually unpaid unless the employer agrees to pay it.\n\nCheck someone\u2019s employment status.\n\n## Who can\u2019t ask for time off to train\n\nStaff can\u2019t ask for time off for training or study if they\u2019re:\n\n- an agency worker\n\n- in the armed forces\n\n- of compulsory school age (\u2018school age\u2019 in Scotland)\n\n- a young person who\u2019s already got the right to take paid time off for study or training\n\n- aged 16 to 18 and already expected to take part in education or training\n\n## Asking for time off\n\nEmployees should follow their organisation\u2019s rules to ask for time off. If there aren\u2019t any they can write to their employer saying it\u2019s a request \u2018under Section 63D of the Employment Rights Act 1996\u2019 with the following details:\n\n- the date\n\n- the subject matter of the study or training\n\n- where and when it would take place\n\n- who\u2019ll be providing the training\n\n- the name of the qualification they could get - if any\n\n- why they think this study or training will help them do their job better and help their employer\u2019s business\n\n- if they\u2019ve made a request before and when\n\nAn employer doesn\u2019t have to consider the request if all this information isn\u2019t included.\n\nEmployees can only make 1 request a year.\n\n## If the employee changes their mind\n\nThe employee must tell their employer if they:\n\n- don\u2019t start the agreed training or study\n\n- don\u2019t finish the training or study\n\n- do a different course or plan to do a different course from the one agreed\n\n## Employer's decision and responsibilities\n\nThe employer has 28 days to:\n\n- accept the request\n\n- hold a meeting with the employee to discuss it\n\nThis might be longer if the person who deals with these requests is off when the request is sent in.\n\nThe employee can take a trade union representative or colleague to the meeting. They can ask for the meeting to be postponed if this person can\u2019t make it.\n\nIf the employer decides to hold a meeting about it they must make a decision within 14 days of it, unless the employee agrees in writing to extend this time.\n\n## Turning down the request\n\nThe employer can only turn down a request if:\n\n- the training wouldn\u2019t benefit their business\n\n- they would run up extra costs for the business\n\n- they wouldn\u2019t be able to meet customer demands\n\n- they can\u2019t re-organise the work among other members of staff\n\n- they can\u2019t recruit extra staff\n\n- it would damage quality and business performance\n\n- there wouldn\u2019t be enough work for the employee to do at the times they intend to work\n\n- it conflicts with planned structural changes\n\n## Paying for the training\n\nThe employer doesn\u2019t have to pay for the training or study. They can choose to pay all or part of the fees if they think it will benefit the business.\n\n## Appealing the decision\n\nEmployees have the right to appeal if their employer refuses a request to take time off for training or study.\n\nThis must be made within 14 days of their employer\u2019s decision.\n\nThe appeal must:\n\n- be in writing\n\n- be dated\n\n- set out why they\u2019re appealing - the grounds for the appeal\n\n## The appeal meeting\n\nThe employer has to arrange a meeting with the employee to discuss the appeal within 14 days of getting the appeal.\n\nThe employer must give their decision in writing within 14 days of the meeting.\n\n## If the problem isn\u2019t resolved\n\nIf an employee isn\u2019t satisfied with the result of an appeal they can phone Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) for help and advice or raise a grievance.\n\nIf this doesn\u2019t work the employee could go to an employment tribunal if the employer:\n\n- didn\u2019t follow the procedure properly\n\n- refused the request based on the wrong facts\n\nEmployment tribunal claims must be made within 3 months of an appeal decision.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/training-study-work-your-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I work in a IT consulting company and been employed for 2 years. My company has 150 employees in total. I need some technology training to carry out some tasks.", + "original_question": "Do I have rights to ask my employer for a training ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-649", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Ann has decided to stop her university course due to the unfortunate loss of her parents. She is mentally disturbed and the issue has left her traumatised. She is recieving student finance.\n\nQuestion: Can she stop the student finance?\n\nDocument - Student finance if you suspend or leave your course:\n## Overview\n\nIf you leave or suspend your studies you must:\n\n- stop your student finance\n\n- repay any student finance you are not entitled to\n\nYour student finance includes:\n\n- Maintenance Loans\n\n- Tuition Fee Loans\n\n- grants and bursaries\n\nHow much you need to repay and when you need to repay it depends on:\n\n- what type of student finance you have\n\n- when in the academic year you leave your course\n\n- whether you\u2019re planning to return to your course or not\n\nIf you suspend because of illness or another serious personal reason, you might still be able to get student finance while you\u2019re away.\n\n## Stopping your student finance\n\nYou must stop your student finance payments as soon as you decide to suspend your studies or leave your course early.\n\nThis will reduce any repayments you may need to make.\n\nStudent finance covers:\n\n- Maintenance Loans\n\n- Tuition Fee Loans\n\n- grants and bursaries\n\n## How to stop your student finance payments\n\nYou must:\n\n- tell your university or college that you\u2019re leaving or suspending your course\n\n- contact Student Finance England if you\u2019re a student from England\n\nThe way to make contact is different if you\u2019re a student from:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nIf you suspend your studies you can usually postpone your student finance payments until you return.\n\n## Repaying your student finance\n\nHow much and when you have to repay depends on:\n\n- the type of student finance you have\n\n- when in the academic year you leave your course\n\n- whether you\u2019re planning to return to your course or not\n\nYour university or college will tell your student finance provider the date you finished your studies.\n\n## Maintenance Loans\n\nYour student finance provider will reassess your Maintenance Loan based on the number of days you attended your course.\n\nIf any of your loan covers the period after you\u2019ve left your course, this counts as an overpayment and you\u2019ll need to repay it straight away.\n\nThe Student Loans Company will write and tell you how much you must repay. If you cannot repay the full amount, you can ask them to set up a repayment plan.\n\nThe rest of your Maintenance Loan is repaid in the usual way once you start earning over the threshold amount.\n\n## If you\u2019re planning to return to your studies\n\nThe amount you were overpaid will usually be taken off your student finance payments when you return, so you do not have to repay straight away.\n\n## Grants and bursaries\n\nIf any of your grant or bursary covers the period after you\u2019ve left your course, this counts as an overpayment and you\u2019ll need to repay it straight away.\n\nThere are exceptions for:\n\n- childcare grants taken in or after the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n- grants taken in or before the 2016 to 2017 academic year\n\nYou do not have to pay back overpayments on these grants until you\u2019ve finished your course.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loans\n\nYou\u2019ll need to repay at least some of your Tuition Fee loan for the year that you suspend or leave your course.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay back:\n\n- 25% of the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 1\n\n- 50% of the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 2\n\n- all the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 3\n\nThis is repaid in the usual way once you start earning over the threshold amount.\n\n## Getting student finance while you suspend your studies\n\nYou might be able to get student finance while you\u2019re away from your course if you suspend due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason.\n\nYou might also be able to get Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances.\n\nYou can apply for funding if you return to your studies.\n\n## If you suspend because you\u2019re seriously ill\n\nYou might be able to get a Maintenance Loan for 60 days after you suspend your course.\n\nYour university or college must tell the Student Loans Company (SLC) about your situation.\n\n## Apply for extra money\n\nIf you\u2019re having financial difficulties after 60 days you might be able to get more Maintenance Loan.\n\nApply to Student Finance England with:\n\n- a covering letter explaining your situation, including your customer reference number\n\n- evidence to support your claim, such as a bank statement or copy of your tenancy agreement\n\nThe address you send your application to is different if you\u2019re a student from:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nYou might also be able to get extra money from your university or college hardship fund.\n\n## If you suspend for another serious personal reason\n\nYou might still be able to get a Maintenance Loan for some or all the time you\u2019re away from your studies.\n\nApply to Student Finance England with:\n\n- a letter explaining why you have to suspend your course, including your customer reference number and the academic year it relates to\n\n- evidence to support your claim\n\nSupporting evidence includes things like:\n\n- a letter from your doctor or social services\n\n- a letter from your university or college\n\n- a bank statement\n\nThe address you send your application to is different if you\u2019re a student from:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nYou might need to send more than one piece of evidence.\n\nSLC will send you a letter explaining how much loan money you can get. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance-if-you-suspend-or-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Ann has decided to stop her university course due to the unfortunate loss of her parents. She is mentally disturbed and the issue has left her traumatised. She is recieving student finance.", + "original_question": "Can she stop the student finance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-650", + "question": "Scenario: My brother is recieving student finance. He is pursuing his Engineering course in Bath university. He has been diagnosed with Bipolar which requires long term treatment. He has decided to suspend his studies.\n\nQuestion: Can he continue on receiving student finance or support after suspending the course?\n\nDocument - Student finance if you suspend or leave your course:\n## Overview\n\nIf you leave or suspend your studies you must:\n\n- stop your student finance\n\n- repay any student finance you are not entitled to\n\nYour student finance includes:\n\n- Maintenance Loans\n\n- Tuition Fee Loans\n\n- grants and bursaries\n\nHow much you need to repay and when you need to repay it depends on:\n\n- what type of student finance you have\n\n- when in the academic year you leave your course\n\n- whether you\u2019re planning to return to your course or not\n\nIf you suspend because of illness or another serious personal reason, you might still be able to get student finance while you\u2019re away.\n\n## Stopping your student finance\n\nYou must stop your student finance payments as soon as you decide to suspend your studies or leave your course early.\n\nThis will reduce any repayments you may need to make.\n\nStudent finance covers:\n\n- Maintenance Loans\n\n- Tuition Fee Loans\n\n- grants and bursaries\n\n## How to stop your student finance payments\n\nYou must:\n\n- tell your university or college that you\u2019re leaving or suspending your course\n\n- contact Student Finance England if you\u2019re a student from England\n\nThe way to make contact is different if you\u2019re a student from:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nIf you suspend your studies you can usually postpone your student finance payments until you return.\n\n## Repaying your student finance\n\nHow much and when you have to repay depends on:\n\n- the type of student finance you have\n\n- when in the academic year you leave your course\n\n- whether you\u2019re planning to return to your course or not\n\nYour university or college will tell your student finance provider the date you finished your studies.\n\n## Maintenance Loans\n\nYour student finance provider will reassess your Maintenance Loan based on the number of days you attended your course.\n\nIf any of your loan covers the period after you\u2019ve left your course, this counts as an overpayment and you\u2019ll need to repay it straight away.\n\nThe Student Loans Company will write and tell you how much you must repay. If you cannot repay the full amount, you can ask them to set up a repayment plan.\n\nThe rest of your Maintenance Loan is repaid in the usual way once you start earning over the threshold amount.\n\n## If you\u2019re planning to return to your studies\n\nThe amount you were overpaid will usually be taken off your student finance payments when you return, so you do not have to repay straight away.\n\n## Grants and bursaries\n\nIf any of your grant or bursary covers the period after you\u2019ve left your course, this counts as an overpayment and you\u2019ll need to repay it straight away.\n\nThere are exceptions for:\n\n- childcare grants taken in or after the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n- grants taken in or before the 2016 to 2017 academic year\n\nYou do not have to pay back overpayments on these grants until you\u2019ve finished your course.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loans\n\nYou\u2019ll need to repay at least some of your Tuition Fee loan for the year that you suspend or leave your course.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay back:\n\n- 25% of the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 1\n\n- 50% of the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 2\n\n- all the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 3\n\nThis is repaid in the usual way once you start earning over the threshold amount.\n\n## Getting student finance while you suspend your studies\n\nYou might be able to get student finance while you\u2019re away from your course if you suspend due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason.\n\nYou might also be able to get Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances.\n\nYou can apply for funding if you return to your studies.\n\n## If you suspend because you\u2019re seriously ill\n\nYou might be able to get a Maintenance Loan for 60 days after you suspend your course.\n\nYour university or college must tell the Student Loans Company (SLC) about your situation.\n\n## Apply for extra money\n\nIf you\u2019re having financial difficulties after 60 days you might be able to get more Maintenance Loan.\n\nApply to Student Finance England with:\n\n- a covering letter explaining your situation, including your customer reference number\n\n- evidence to support your claim, such as a bank statement or copy of your tenancy agreement\n\nThe address you send your application to is different if you\u2019re a student from:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nYou might also be able to get extra money from your university or college hardship fund.\n\n## If you suspend for another serious personal reason\n\nYou might still be able to get a Maintenance Loan for some or all the time you\u2019re away from your studies.\n\nApply to Student Finance England with:\n\n- a letter explaining why you have to suspend your course, including your customer reference number and the academic year it relates to\n\n- evidence to support your claim\n\nSupporting evidence includes things like:\n\n- a letter from your doctor or social services\n\n- a letter from your university or college\n\n- a bank statement\n\nThe address you send your application to is different if you\u2019re a student from:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nYou might need to send more than one piece of evidence.\n\nSLC will send you a letter explaining how much loan money you can get. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance-if-you-suspend-or-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother is recieving student finance. He is pursuing his Engineering course in Bath university. He has been diagnosed with Bipolar which requires long term treatment. He has decided to suspend his studies.", + "original_question": "Can he continue on receiving student finance or support after suspending the course?" + }, + { + "id": "train-651", + "question": "Scenario: We are small start-up company and have 50 employees. We have received a PAYE late penalty notice but we acknowledge that it was our mistake. We are planning to pay\n\nQuestion: Can we pay PAYE late penalty notice at post office ?\n\nDocument - Pay a PAYE late payment or filing penalty:\n## Overview\n\nYou have 30 days from the date on the PAYE late penalty notice to pay or appeal it.\n\nPay now\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- Bacs\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set up one for HMRC before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your penalty in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay at a branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need to use the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) payslip included with the late penalty or filing notice.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your penalty reference number on the back of your cheque. The reference number starts with an X. You will find it on the penalty notice sent to you by HMRC.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (if you pay it from Monday to Friday) and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your penalty reference number on the back of the cheque. It starts with an \u2018X\u2019 and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nInclude the payslip from the penalty notice. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nIf you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.\n\n## If you do not have a payslip\n\nYou can print a payslip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nView your HMRC online account to see if your payment has been received - it should update within 6 working days.\n\nYou can also check your bank or building society statement to confirm the payment has left your account.\n\nIf you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are small start-up company and have 50 employees. We have received a PAYE late penalty notice but we acknowledge that it was our mistake. We are planning to pay", + "original_question": "Can we pay PAYE late penalty notice at post office ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-653", + "question": "Scenario: My warehousing employer uses zero-hour contracts. The contract requires me to be on call when they need me. I have accepted work from another company. The warehousing employer has now threatened me with legal action due to a contract clause, stating I cannot accept other work.\n\nQuestion: Am I legally not allowed to accept work from any other company?\n\nDocument - Contract types and employer responsibilities:\n## Overview\n\nAs an employer, the tax and employment responsibilities you have for your staff will depend on the type of contract you give them and their employment status.\n\nContract types include:\n\n- full-time and part-time contracts\n\n- fixed-term contracts\n\n- agency staff\n\n- freelancers, consultants, contractors\n\n- zero-hours contracts\n\nThere are also special rules for employing family members, young people and volunteers.\n\n## Full-time and part-time contracts\n\nAs an employer you must give employees:\n\n- a written statement of employment or contract\n\n- the statutory minimum level of paid holiday\n\n- a payslip showing all deductions, such as National Insurance contributions (NICs)\n\n- the statutory minimum length of rest breaks\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)\n\n- maternity, paternity and adoption pay and leave\n\nYou must also:\n\n- make sure employees do not work longer than the maximum allowed\n\n- pay employees at least the minimum wage\n\n- have employer\u2019s liability insurance\n\n- provide a safe and secure working environment\n\n- register with HM Revenue and Customs to deal with payroll, tax and NICs\n\n- consider flexible working requests\n\n- avoid discrimination in the workplace\n\n- make reasonable adjustments to your business premises if your employee is disabled\n\n## Fixed-term contracts\n\nFixed-term contracts:\n\n- last for a certain length of time\n\n- are set in advance\n\n- end when a specific task is completed\n\n- end when a specific event takes place\n\nFixed-term employees must receive the same treatment as full-time permanent staff.\n\nFind out more about fixed-term employees\u2019 rights, and what to do about renewing or ending a fixed-term contract.\n\n## Agency staff\n\nAs an employer, you can hire temporary staff through agencies. This means:\n\n- you pay the agency, including the employee\u2019s National Insurance contributions (NICs) and Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)\n\n- it\u2019s the agency\u2019s responsibility to make sure workers get their rights under working time regulations\n\n- after 12 weeks\u2019 continuous employment in the same role, agency workers get the same terms and conditions as permanent employees, including pay, working time, rest periods, night work, breaks and annual leave\n\n- you must provide the agency with information about the relevant terms and conditions in your business so that they can ensure the worker gets equal treatment after 12 weeks in the same job\n\n- you must allow agency workers to use any shared facilities (for example a staff canteen or childcare) and give them information about job vacancies from the first day they work there\n\n- you are still responsible for their health and safety\n\n## Freelancers, consultants and contractors\n\nIf you hire a freelancer, consultant or contractor it means that:\n\n- they are self-employed or are part of other companies\n\n- they often look after their own tax and National Insurance contributions (NICs)\n\n- they might not be entitled to the same rights as workers, such as minimum wage\n\n- you\u2019re still responsible for their health and safety\n\n## Zero-hours contracts\n\nZero-hours contracts are also known as casual contracts. Zero-hours contracts are usually for \u2018piece work\u2019 or \u2018on call\u2019 work, for example for interpreters.\n\nThis means:\n\n- they are on call to work when you need them\n\n- you do not have to give them work\n\n- they do not have to do work when asked\n\nZero-hours workers are entitled to statutory annual leave and the National Minimum Wage in the same way as regular workers.\n\nYou cannot do anything to stop a zero-hours worker from getting work elsewhere. The law says they can ignore a clause in their contract if it bans them from:\n\n- looking for work\n\n- accepting work from another employer\n\nYou are still responsible for health and safety of staff on zero-hours contracts.\n\n## Employing family, young people and volunteers\n\n## Family\n\nIf you hire family members you must:\n\n- avoid special treatment in terms of pay, promotion and working conditions\n\n- make sure tax and National Insurance contributions are still paid\n\n- follow working time regulations for younger family members\n\n- have employer\u2019s liability insurance that covers any young family members\n\n- check if you need to provide them with a workplace pension scheme\n\n## Volunteers and voluntary staff\n\nWhen taking on volunteers or voluntary staff you:\n\n- are responsible for their health and safety\n\n- must give inductions and training in the tasks they\u2019re going to do\n\n## Young people\n\nYou can employ young people if they are 13 or over but there are special rules about how long they can work and what jobs they can do. Once someone is 18 they\u2019re classed as an \u2018adult worker\u2019 and different rules apply.\n\nAs well as following these rules you must do a risk assessment before taking on young workers.\n\nYoung people may also have certain employment rights like:\n\n- statutory maternity pay and ordinary statutory paternity pay if they qualify as a result of their continuous employment\n\n- paid time off for study and training\n\n- redundancy pay\n\nYoung workers and apprentices have different rates from adult workers for the National Minimum Wage.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contract-types-and-employer-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My warehousing employer uses zero-hour contracts. The contract requires me to be on call when they need me. I have accepted work from another company. The warehousing employer has now threatened me with legal action due to a contract clause, stating I cannot accept other work.", + "original_question": "Am I legally not allowed to accept work from any other company?" + }, + { + "id": "train-654", + "question": "Scenario: We have employed staff from an agency. One of these staff has been been working for us for 15 weeks. They have stated that they are eligible for annual leave.\n\nQuestion: Does this employee have the right to annual leave?\n\nDocument - Contract types and employer responsibilities:\n## Overview\n\nAs an employer, the tax and employment responsibilities you have for your staff will depend on the type of contract you give them and their employment status.\n\nContract types include:\n\n- full-time and part-time contracts\n\n- fixed-term contracts\n\n- agency staff\n\n- freelancers, consultants, contractors\n\n- zero-hours contracts\n\nThere are also special rules for employing family members, young people and volunteers.\n\n## Full-time and part-time contracts\n\nAs an employer you must give employees:\n\n- a written statement of employment or contract\n\n- the statutory minimum level of paid holiday\n\n- a payslip showing all deductions, such as National Insurance contributions (NICs)\n\n- the statutory minimum length of rest breaks\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)\n\n- maternity, paternity and adoption pay and leave\n\nYou must also:\n\n- make sure employees do not work longer than the maximum allowed\n\n- pay employees at least the minimum wage\n\n- have employer\u2019s liability insurance\n\n- provide a safe and secure working environment\n\n- register with HM Revenue and Customs to deal with payroll, tax and NICs\n\n- consider flexible working requests\n\n- avoid discrimination in the workplace\n\n- make reasonable adjustments to your business premises if your employee is disabled\n\n## Fixed-term contracts\n\nFixed-term contracts:\n\n- last for a certain length of time\n\n- are set in advance\n\n- end when a specific task is completed\n\n- end when a specific event takes place\n\nFixed-term employees must receive the same treatment as full-time permanent staff.\n\nFind out more about fixed-term employees\u2019 rights, and what to do about renewing or ending a fixed-term contract.\n\n## Agency staff\n\nAs an employer, you can hire temporary staff through agencies. This means:\n\n- you pay the agency, including the employee\u2019s National Insurance contributions (NICs) and Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)\n\n- it\u2019s the agency\u2019s responsibility to make sure workers get their rights under working time regulations\n\n- after 12 weeks\u2019 continuous employment in the same role, agency workers get the same terms and conditions as permanent employees, including pay, working time, rest periods, night work, breaks and annual leave\n\n- you must provide the agency with information about the relevant terms and conditions in your business so that they can ensure the worker gets equal treatment after 12 weeks in the same job\n\n- you must allow agency workers to use any shared facilities (for example a staff canteen or childcare) and give them information about job vacancies from the first day they work there\n\n- you are still responsible for their health and safety\n\n## Freelancers, consultants and contractors\n\nIf you hire a freelancer, consultant or contractor it means that:\n\n- they are self-employed or are part of other companies\n\n- they often look after their own tax and National Insurance contributions (NICs)\n\n- they might not be entitled to the same rights as workers, such as minimum wage\n\n- you\u2019re still responsible for their health and safety\n\n## Zero-hours contracts\n\nZero-hours contracts are also known as casual contracts. Zero-hours contracts are usually for \u2018piece work\u2019 or \u2018on call\u2019 work, for example for interpreters.\n\nThis means:\n\n- they are on call to work when you need them\n\n- you do not have to give them work\n\n- they do not have to do work when asked\n\nZero-hours workers are entitled to statutory annual leave and the National Minimum Wage in the same way as regular workers.\n\nYou cannot do anything to stop a zero-hours worker from getting work elsewhere. The law says they can ignore a clause in their contract if it bans them from:\n\n- looking for work\n\n- accepting work from another employer\n\nYou are still responsible for health and safety of staff on zero-hours contracts.\n\n## Employing family, young people and volunteers\n\n## Family\n\nIf you hire family members you must:\n\n- avoid special treatment in terms of pay, promotion and working conditions\n\n- make sure tax and National Insurance contributions are still paid\n\n- follow working time regulations for younger family members\n\n- have employer\u2019s liability insurance that covers any young family members\n\n- check if you need to provide them with a workplace pension scheme\n\n## Volunteers and voluntary staff\n\nWhen taking on volunteers or voluntary staff you:\n\n- are responsible for their health and safety\n\n- must give inductions and training in the tasks they\u2019re going to do\n\n## Young people\n\nYou can employ young people if they are 13 or over but there are special rules about how long they can work and what jobs they can do. Once someone is 18 they\u2019re classed as an \u2018adult worker\u2019 and different rules apply.\n\nAs well as following these rules you must do a risk assessment before taking on young workers.\n\nYoung people may also have certain employment rights like:\n\n- statutory maternity pay and ordinary statutory paternity pay if they qualify as a result of their continuous employment\n\n- paid time off for study and training\n\n- redundancy pay\n\nYoung workers and apprentices have different rates from adult workers for the National Minimum Wage.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contract-types-and-employer-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We have employed staff from an agency. One of these staff has been been working for us for 15 weeks. They have stated that they are eligible for annual leave.", + "original_question": "Does this employee have the right to annual leave?" + }, + { + "id": "train-655", + "question": "Scenario: I am a full time employee. I have been working for the last 5 years. I have a new born baby. I have stopped the statutory maternity pay. My husband is working as well with an income of \u00a330000 per year.\n\nQuestion: Can i apply for shared parental leave and pay?\n\nDocument - Shared Parental Leave and Pay: employer guide:\n## Overview\n\nEmployees may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if they\u2019ve had a baby or adopted a child.\n\nEmployees can start SPL if they\u2019re eligible and they or their partner end their maternity or adoption leave or pay early. The remaining leave will be available as SPL. The remaining pay may be available as ShPP.\n\nEmployees can take SPL in up to 3 separate blocks. They can also share the leave with their partner if they\u2019re also eligible. Parents can choose how much of the SPL each of them will take.\n\nSPL and ShPP must be taken between the baby\u2019s birth and first birthday (or within 1 year of adoption).\n\nSPL and ShPP are only available in England, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nSometimes only one parent in a couple will be eligible to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). This means that they cannot share the leave.\n\nIf your employee is eligible then they can use SPL to book their leave in separate blocks.\n\n## Shared Parental Leave\n\nTo qualify for SPL, your employee must share responsibility for the child with one of the following:\n\n- their husband, wife, civil partner or joint adopter\n\n- the child\u2019s other parent\n\n- their partner (if they live with them)\n\nYour employee or their partner must be eligible for maternity pay or leave, adoption pay or leave or Maternity Allowance.\n\nThey must also:\n\n- still be employed by you while they take SPL\n\n- give you the correct notice including a declaration that their partner meets the employment and income requirements which allow your employee to get SPL\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day of the \u2018qualifying week\u2019, or the week they are matched with a child for adoption in the UK\n\nThe \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due.\n\n## Statutory Shared Parental Pay\n\nThey can get ShPP if they\u2019re an employee and one of the following applies:\n\n- they\u2019re eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) or Statutory Adoption Pay (SAP)\n\n- they\u2019re eligible for Statutory Paternity Pay (SPP) and their partner is eligible for SMP, Maternity Allowance (MA) or SAP\n\nThey can also get ShPP if they\u2019re a worker and they\u2019re eligible for SMP or SPP.\n\n## Refusing SPL or ShPP\n\nYou can refuse SPL or ShPP if the employee does not qualify.\n\nYou must tell the employee the reason if you refuse ShPP. You do not have to give a reason for refusing SPL.\n\n## Entitlement\n\nIf an employee is eligible and they or their partner end maternity or adoption leave and pay (or Maternity Allowance) early, then they can:\n\n- take the rest of the 52 weeks of leave (up to a maximum of 50 weeks) as Shared Parental Leave (SPL)\n\n- take the rest of the 39 weeks of pay (up to a maximum of 37 weeks) as Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP)\n\nA mother must take a minimum of 2 weeks\u2019 maternity leave following the birth (4 if she works in a factory).\n\nShPP is paid at the rate of \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of an employee\u2019s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.\n\n## Starting Shared Parental Leave\n\nFor Shared Parental Leave (SPL) to start, the mother or adopter must do one of the following:\n\n- end their maternity or adoption leave by returning to work\n\n- give you \u2018binding notice\u2019 (a decision that cannot normally be changed) of the date when they\u2019ll end their maternity or adoption leave\n\n- end maternity pay or Maternity Allowance (if they\u2019re not entitled to maternity leave, for example they\u2019re an agency worker or self-employed)\n\nA mother must take a minimum of 2 weeks\u2019 maternity leave following the birth (4 if she works in a factory).\n\nThe adoptive parent getting Statutory Adoption Pay must take at least 2 weeks\u2019 adoption leave. They can take it from the day of the placement, or up to 14 days before the placement starts.\n\nThe mother must give you notice (at least 8 weeks) to end her maternity pay, or tell Jobcentre Plus to end her Maternity Allowance. Adopters must give you notice to end adoption pay.\n\nSPL can start for the partner while the mother or adopter is still on maternity or adoption leave if she\u2019s given binding notice to end her leave (or pay if she\u2019s not entitled to leave).\n\n## What the employee must do\n\nThe employee must give you written notice if they want to start SPL or Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). They can do this using forms created by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas).\n\nAfter receiving this notice, you can ask for:\n\n- a copy of the child\u2019s birth certificate\n\n- the name and address of their partner\u2019s employer\n\nYou have 14 days to ask for this information. Your employee then has a further 14 days to provide it.\n\n## Notice period\n\nAn employee must give at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice of any leave they wish to take. If the child is born more than 8 weeks early, this notice period can be shorter.\n\nYour employee has a statutory right to a maximum of 3 separate blocks of leave, although you can allow more if you wish.\n\n## Cancelling the decision to end maternity or adoption leave\n\nThe mother or adopter may be able to change their decision to end maternity or adoption leave early if both:\n\n- the planned end date has not passed\n\n- they have not already returned to work\n\nOne of the following must also apply:\n\n- it\u2019s discovered during the 8-week notice period that neither partner is eligible for either SPL or ShPP\n\n- the employee\u2019s partner has died\n\n- it\u2019s less than 6 weeks after the birth (and the mother gave notice before the birth)\n\n## Shared parental leave in touch (SPLIT) days\n\nYour employee can work up to 20 days during SPL without bringing it to an end. These are called \u2018shared parental leave in touch\u2019 (or SPLIT) days.\n\nThese days are in addition to the 10 \u2018keeping in touch\u2019 (or KIT) days already available to those on maternity or adoption leave.\n\nKeeping in touch days are optional - both you and your employee must agree to them.\n\n## Blocks of leave\n\nAn employee taking Shared Parental Leave (SPL) can split their leave into up to 3 separate blocks instead of taking it all in one go, even if they are not sharing the leave with their partner.\n\nIf both parents are taking SPL then they can take their leave at the same time as each other or at different times.\n\nThe employee must give you at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice before a block of leave begins.\n\n## Splitting blocks\n\nIf you agree, the employee can split a block of leave into shorter periods of at least a week. For example they could work every other week during a 12-week block, using a total of 6 weeks of their SPL.\n\nYou cannot turn down a request for a block of leave if the employee is eligible and gives you the right notice. You do not have to agree to the employee breaking the block of leave into shorter periods.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- the evidence provided by the employee to show that they\u2019re eligible for ShPP\n\n- the date ShPP began\n\n- your ShPP payments (including dates)\n\n- the ShPP you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\nYou must keep records for at least 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay-employer-guide", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a full time employee. I have been working for the last 5 years. I have a new born baby. I have stopped the statutory maternity pay. My husband is working as well with an income of \u00a330000 per year.", + "original_question": "Can i apply for shared parental leave and pay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-656", + "question": "Scenario: I am on maternity leave after the birth of my baby. Would like to apply for a shared parental leave and pay so that i can look after my baby who has some infant complications.\n\nQuestion: Should i give a notice letter to my employer?\n\nDocument - Shared Parental Leave and Pay: employer guide:\n## Overview\n\nEmployees may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if they\u2019ve had a baby or adopted a child.\n\nEmployees can start SPL if they\u2019re eligible and they or their partner end their maternity or adoption leave or pay early. The remaining leave will be available as SPL. The remaining pay may be available as ShPP.\n\nEmployees can take SPL in up to 3 separate blocks. They can also share the leave with their partner if they\u2019re also eligible. Parents can choose how much of the SPL each of them will take.\n\nSPL and ShPP must be taken between the baby\u2019s birth and first birthday (or within 1 year of adoption).\n\nSPL and ShPP are only available in England, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nSometimes only one parent in a couple will be eligible to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). This means that they cannot share the leave.\n\nIf your employee is eligible then they can use SPL to book their leave in separate blocks.\n\n## Shared Parental Leave\n\nTo qualify for SPL, your employee must share responsibility for the child with one of the following:\n\n- their husband, wife, civil partner or joint adopter\n\n- the child\u2019s other parent\n\n- their partner (if they live with them)\n\nYour employee or their partner must be eligible for maternity pay or leave, adoption pay or leave or Maternity Allowance.\n\nThey must also:\n\n- still be employed by you while they take SPL\n\n- give you the correct notice including a declaration that their partner meets the employment and income requirements which allow your employee to get SPL\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day of the \u2018qualifying week\u2019, or the week they are matched with a child for adoption in the UK\n\nThe \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due.\n\n## Statutory Shared Parental Pay\n\nThey can get ShPP if they\u2019re an employee and one of the following applies:\n\n- they\u2019re eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) or Statutory Adoption Pay (SAP)\n\n- they\u2019re eligible for Statutory Paternity Pay (SPP) and their partner is eligible for SMP, Maternity Allowance (MA) or SAP\n\nThey can also get ShPP if they\u2019re a worker and they\u2019re eligible for SMP or SPP.\n\n## Refusing SPL or ShPP\n\nYou can refuse SPL or ShPP if the employee does not qualify.\n\nYou must tell the employee the reason if you refuse ShPP. You do not have to give a reason for refusing SPL.\n\n## Entitlement\n\nIf an employee is eligible and they or their partner end maternity or adoption leave and pay (or Maternity Allowance) early, then they can:\n\n- take the rest of the 52 weeks of leave (up to a maximum of 50 weeks) as Shared Parental Leave (SPL)\n\n- take the rest of the 39 weeks of pay (up to a maximum of 37 weeks) as Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP)\n\nA mother must take a minimum of 2 weeks\u2019 maternity leave following the birth (4 if she works in a factory).\n\nShPP is paid at the rate of \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of an employee\u2019s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.\n\n## Starting Shared Parental Leave\n\nFor Shared Parental Leave (SPL) to start, the mother or adopter must do one of the following:\n\n- end their maternity or adoption leave by returning to work\n\n- give you \u2018binding notice\u2019 (a decision that cannot normally be changed) of the date when they\u2019ll end their maternity or adoption leave\n\n- end maternity pay or Maternity Allowance (if they\u2019re not entitled to maternity leave, for example they\u2019re an agency worker or self-employed)\n\nA mother must take a minimum of 2 weeks\u2019 maternity leave following the birth (4 if she works in a factory).\n\nThe adoptive parent getting Statutory Adoption Pay must take at least 2 weeks\u2019 adoption leave. They can take it from the day of the placement, or up to 14 days before the placement starts.\n\nThe mother must give you notice (at least 8 weeks) to end her maternity pay, or tell Jobcentre Plus to end her Maternity Allowance. Adopters must give you notice to end adoption pay.\n\nSPL can start for the partner while the mother or adopter is still on maternity or adoption leave if she\u2019s given binding notice to end her leave (or pay if she\u2019s not entitled to leave).\n\n## What the employee must do\n\nThe employee must give you written notice if they want to start SPL or Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). They can do this using forms created by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas).\n\nAfter receiving this notice, you can ask for:\n\n- a copy of the child\u2019s birth certificate\n\n- the name and address of their partner\u2019s employer\n\nYou have 14 days to ask for this information. Your employee then has a further 14 days to provide it.\n\n## Notice period\n\nAn employee must give at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice of any leave they wish to take. If the child is born more than 8 weeks early, this notice period can be shorter.\n\nYour employee has a statutory right to a maximum of 3 separate blocks of leave, although you can allow more if you wish.\n\n## Cancelling the decision to end maternity or adoption leave\n\nThe mother or adopter may be able to change their decision to end maternity or adoption leave early if both:\n\n- the planned end date has not passed\n\n- they have not already returned to work\n\nOne of the following must also apply:\n\n- it\u2019s discovered during the 8-week notice period that neither partner is eligible for either SPL or ShPP\n\n- the employee\u2019s partner has died\n\n- it\u2019s less than 6 weeks after the birth (and the mother gave notice before the birth)\n\n## Shared parental leave in touch (SPLIT) days\n\nYour employee can work up to 20 days during SPL without bringing it to an end. These are called \u2018shared parental leave in touch\u2019 (or SPLIT) days.\n\nThese days are in addition to the 10 \u2018keeping in touch\u2019 (or KIT) days already available to those on maternity or adoption leave.\n\nKeeping in touch days are optional - both you and your employee must agree to them.\n\n## Blocks of leave\n\nAn employee taking Shared Parental Leave (SPL) can split their leave into up to 3 separate blocks instead of taking it all in one go, even if they are not sharing the leave with their partner.\n\nIf both parents are taking SPL then they can take their leave at the same time as each other or at different times.\n\nThe employee must give you at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice before a block of leave begins.\n\n## Splitting blocks\n\nIf you agree, the employee can split a block of leave into shorter periods of at least a week. For example they could work every other week during a 12-week block, using a total of 6 weeks of their SPL.\n\nYou cannot turn down a request for a block of leave if the employee is eligible and gives you the right notice. You do not have to agree to the employee breaking the block of leave into shorter periods.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- the evidence provided by the employee to show that they\u2019re eligible for ShPP\n\n- the date ShPP began\n\n- your ShPP payments (including dates)\n\n- the ShPP you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\nYou must keep records for at least 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay-employer-guide", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am on maternity leave after the birth of my baby. Would like to apply for a shared parental leave and pay so that i can look after my baby who has some infant complications.", + "original_question": "Should i give a notice letter to my employer?" + }, + { + "id": "train-659", + "question": "Scenario: I received a court order to make of \u00a3200 from my employee's wages. I have forgotten to do this, and I am concerned over it.\n\nQuestion: Is there any punishment for failing to make deductions?\n\nDocument - Make debt deductions from an employee's pay:\n## When you have to deduct from pay\n\nYou have to make deductions from your employee\u2019s wages if a court orders you to. This could be to pay off:\n\n- unpaid maintenance payments\n\n- a county court judgment\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you have to make deductions to pay off a benefit debt or child maintenance.\n\n## How it works\n\n- You\u2019ll get a document from the court telling you to make deductions from your employee\u2019s pay.\n\n- Work out how much you have to deduct each time your employee is paid.\n\n- Start making deductions the next time you pay your employee. Pay them their reduced wages on their normal payday.\n\n- Make the payment to the court.\n\n- Stop making deductions when the debt has been paid off.\n\nYou and your employee can be fined if you do not deduct their wages, or if you deliberately give false information about their earnings.\n\n## Getting an order\n\nYou and your employee will each get an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019 (AEO) from the court.\n\nYou must start making deductions from your employee\u2019s pay from the next time you pay them, unless it\u2019s within the next 7 days.\n\nWrite to the court within 10 days if you get an order for someone you do not employ.\n\n## What the order tells you\n\nThe court order will tell you:\n\n- how much your employee owes\n\n- if it\u2019s a \u2018priority order\u2019 - if it does not say what it is, it\u2019s a \u2018non-priority order\u2019\n\n- how much you have to take from their wages - called the \u2018normal deduction rate\u2019 (NDR)\n\n- the minimum amount they still have to take home - called the \u2018protected earnings rate\u2019 (PER)\n\n- how often the payments have to be made (weekly or monthly)\n\nYou can be fined if you do not start making the deductions.\n\n## Change how often the deductions are made\n\nIf a county court made the order, you can ask them to change it, for example from weekly to monthly if that\u2019s how you pay your employee.\n\nIf a magistrate\u2019s court made the order, your employee has to ask the court to change it.\n\n## Deductions and minimum take-home pay\n\nYou cannot make the normal deduction if it would take the employee below the protected earnings rate.\n\n## Protected earnings rate is too high\n\nIf the protected earnings rate is so high that you\u2019ll never be able to make deductions, write to both:\n\n- the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office\n\n- the court who issued the order\n\nInclude the:\n\n- court case number\n\n- attachment of earnings order number\n\n- name of the employee\n\n## Priority and non-priority orders\n\nThere are 2 types of orders - priority orders and non-priority orders. The way you calculate deductions for them is different.\n\n| Type of order | What it\u2019s used for | If you cannot make the full deduction |\n\n| Priority | Maintenance or fines | Carry the unpaid difference over to the next payday |\n\n| Non-priority | Civil debts | Do not carry the unpaid difference over to the next payday |\n\n## If your employee has more than one order\n\nDeduct any priority orders first, in the order the employee got them. Then deduct the non-priority orders in the order the employee got them.\n\nYou can apply to the court to combine 2 or more non-priority orders into a single order. This is called a \u2018consolidated attachment of earnings order\u2019.\n\n## Deductions for a priority order\n\nPriority orders are used for unpaid maintenance or fines.\n\n- Calculate your employee\u2019s earnings.\n\n- Take off the normal deduction rate from their earnings.\n\n- Take off an extra \u00a31 towards your administrative costs (if you want to).\n\n- Pay your employee the remainder of their earnings. You must pay them at least their protected earnings rate (this is given in the order). If you cannot deduct the full amount, carry the difference over and deduct it on the next payday.\n\n- Send the deduction to the court.\n\nYou can still deduct the \u00a31 if it takes your employee\u2019s income below their protected earnings rate - but not if it takes their income below the National Minimum Wage.\n\n## Making a full deduction\n\nDeduct the full amount from your employee\u2019s earnings if it does not take them below their protected earnings rates.\n\n## When you cannot make a full deduction\n\nIf the full deduction would take the employee below their protected earnings rate, carry the difference over to their next payday.\n\n## When you cannot make any deduction\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you cannot make any deduction because the employee\u2019s earnings are below their protected earnings rate.\n\nYou have to tell the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office you could not make a deduction. Send an email to caps@justice.gov.uk with the:\n\n- court case number\n\n- attachment of earnings order number\n\n- name of the employee\n\n- reason you could not make any deduction\n\n## Paying your employee for a different pay period\n\nRecalculate the protected earnings rate and normal deduction rate if you pay your employee for a different period than usual.\n\n## Holiday pay in advance\n\nUse the same process if you\u2019re paying your employee holiday pay in advance.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out the different rates for:\n\n- the month when you give pay in advance\n\n- the following month when you pay them less than normal\n\n## Deductions for a non-priority order\n\nNon-priority orders are used for debts from a county court judgment (CCJ).\n\n- Calculate your employee\u2019s earnings.\n\n- Take off the normal deduction rate from their earnings.\n\n- Take off an extra \u00a31 towards your administrative costs (if you want to).\n\n- Pay your employee the remainder of their earnings. You must pay them at least their protected earnings rate.\n\n- Send the deduction to the court.\n\nYou can still deduct the \u00a31 if it takes your employee\u2019s income below their protected earnings rate - but not if it takes their income below the National Minimum Wage.\n\n## Making a full deduction\n\nDeduct the full amount from your employee\u2019s earnings if it does not take them below their protected earnings rates.\n\n## When you cannot make a full deduction\n\nDo not carry any unpaid difference over to the next payday if the full deduction would take the employee below their protected earnings rate.\n\n## When you cannot make any deduction\n\nDo not carry the deduction over to the next payday if the employee\u2019s earnings are below their protected earnings rate.\n\nYou have to tell the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office you could not make a deduction. Send an email to caps@justice.gov.uk with the:\n\n- court case number\n\n- attachment of earnings order number\n\n- name of the employee\n\n- reason you could not make any deduction\n\n## Paying your employee for a different pay period\n\nRecalculate the protected earnings rate and normal deduction rate if you pay your employee for a different period than usual.\n\n## Holiday pay in advance\n\nUse the same process if you\u2019re paying your employee holiday pay in advance.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out the different rates for:\n\n- the month when you give pay in advance\n\n- the following month when you\u2019d pay them less than normal\n\n## What counts as earnings\n\nYou can only make a deduction from the following earnings:\n\n- wages, fees, bonuses, commissions, overtime pay or any payments on top of wages\n\n- private or occupational pensions and compensation payments\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- contractual sick pay\n\n- contractual maternity pay\n\n- contractual paternity pay\n\n- contractual adoption pay\n\n- contractual redundancy pay\n\nStatutory pay is money that your employees are entitled to by law. Contractual pay is what you agree with your employees in addition to statutory pay.\n\n## What does not count as earnings\n\nYou cannot make a deduction from any of the following:\n\n- amounts paid by a department of the government of Northern Ireland or any country outside the UK\n\n- any social security pension, allowance or benefit\n\n- tax credits\n\n- any pension or allowance paid for disability\n\n- guaranteed minimum pension within the Social Security Pensions Act 1975\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\n## Making payments\n\nThe order that you get for the employee will tell you whether you have to pay:\n\n- the magistrates\u2019 court\n\n- the Centralised Attachment of Earnings Payments (CAPS) office\n\n## Tell your employee each time\n\nYou must tell your employee in writing about each deduction. Do this when you give them their payslip.\n\n## Paying the magistrates\u2019 court\n\nSend a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts & Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\nYou can pay with a single cheque if you\u2019re paying 2 or more orders issued by the same court.\n\nSome courts let you pay by Bacs transfer. Contact the court for their account details if you want to pay this way.\n\nWhen you send the payment, you must include a note of:\n\n- the employer name\n\n- the employee\u2019s name\n\n- the case number from the order\n\n- how much money you\u2019re sending\n\n## Paying the CAPS office\n\nYou can only pay by:\n\n- cheque\n\n- Bacs transfer\n\nYou cannot pay by standing order or Direct Debit.\n\n## Pay CAPS by cheque\n\nSend a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts & Tribunals Service\u2019 to CAPS.\n\n## Pay CAPS by Bacs\n\nYou must register before you can pay by Bacs. Download and fill in the registration form and email it to ntonbacs@justice.gov.uk.\n\nTo make a Bacs payment, send:\n\n- a bank payment request form to your bank\n\n- the Bacs payment schedule form to ntonbacs@justice.gov.uk\n\nThe payment will be sent back if you do not fill in the schedule correctly. You can be fined if you do not send the schedule.\n\n## Contact CAPS about a payment\n\nYou need to give these details when you contact CAPS about a payment:\n\n- case number\n\n- your name (as stated on your bank statement)\n\n- your bank account number\n\n- your sort code\n\n- amount of payment\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nWrite to the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office within 10 days if the employee stops working for you.\n\nInclude the:\n\n- court case number\n\n- attachment of earnings order number\n\n- name of the employee\n\n- date they stopped working for you\n\n- name of their new employer (if you know it)\n\n## The court changes the order\n\nThe County Court Money Claims Centre will tell you in writing if the normal deduction rate or protected earnings rate changes. They can change it for 4 weeks.\n\nWhen the 4 weeks is over, you have to go back to the original rates in the order.\n\n## The court cancels the order\n\nThe County Court Money Claims Centre will tell you in writing if the order has been \u2018discharged\u2019 (cancelled).\n\nYou can still make the deduction if you\u2019re due to pay your employee within the next 7 days. Your employee will get a refund from CAPS.\n\nYou must stop making deductions if you\u2019re due to pay your employee 7 days after you got the cancellation notice.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/debt-deductions-from-employee-pay", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I received a court order to make of \u00a3200 from my employee's wages. I have forgotten to do this, and I am concerned over it.", + "original_question": "Is there any punishment for failing to make deductions?" + }, + { + "id": "train-661", + "question": "Scenario: I am studying to be a dentist and my course started on August 2019. I need some help to cover my living costs while I study\n\nQuestion: Do I qualify for NHS bursary ?\n\nDocument - NHS bursaries:\n## Overview\n\nWhat you can apply for depends on when your course starts and what you\u2019re studying. You do not have to pay your NHS bursary back.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for a bursary you may still be eligible for student finance.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor or dentist.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying a pre-registration postgraduate healthcare course, you may still be eligible for student finance.\n\n## If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor, dentist, dental hygienist or dental therapist.\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2017\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying a dental, medical or healthcare course in England.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:\n\n- a bursary from the NHS\n\n- a \u00a31,000 grant from the NHS\n\n- a reduced Maintenance Loan from Student Finance England\n\nIf you\u2019re an eligible part-time student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:\n\n- a reduced bursary from the NHS\n\n- a reduced grant from the NHS\n\nThe amount you get depends on the length of your course.\n\n## Tuition fees\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for an NHS bursary, the NHS pays your standard tuition fees. Your course tuition fees are paid directly to your university.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying a graduate-entry accelerated medical or dental programme, you can get some of your tuition costs paid with an NHS bursary in years 2 to 4 of your programme.\n\n- \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n- \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2018 to 2019 academic year\n\n## Bursary\n\nYour bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.\n\nIf you started a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE) Nursing or Operating Department Practitioner course before 1 September 2012, you\u2019ll receive a basic bursary which does not depend on your household income.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying to become a doctor or dentist, you can apply for an NHS bursary from your second year for graduate entry programmes or from your fifth year for undergraduate programmes.\n\n## Grant\n\nYou\u2019ll get a fixed amount of \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting your course on or after 1 September 2012. You\u2019ll get a reduced amount if you\u2019re a part-time student.\n\nYou must apply for an NHS bursary to get the grant.\n\n## Maintenance Loan\n\nYou\u2019ll get a reduced Maintenance Loan. The amount you get depends on:\n\n- where you live and study\n\n- whether you\u2019re in the final year of your course (when you get less)\n\nCurrent rates for the 2018 to 2019 academic year are:\n\n- \u00a33,263 for students studying in London and living away from home\n\n- \u00a32,324 for students studying outside London and away from home\n\n- \u00a31,744 for students living at home\n\nCurrent rates for the 2019 to 2020 academic year are:\n\n- \u00a33,354 for students studying in London and living away from home\n\n- \u00a32,389 for students studying outside London and away from home\n\n- \u00a31,793 for students living at home\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nThe NHS bursary is paid into your bank account in 12 equal monthly instalments.\n\nThe Maintenance Loan is usually paid into your bank account at the beginning of each term.\n\n## If you\u2019re disabled or have children\n\nYou may get extra help if you:\n\n- have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty\n\n- have dependants\n\nFind out what extra help you could get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you can get an NHS bursary depends on:\n\n- where you live\n\n- your course\n\n- your household income\n\n- whether you\u2019ve already had funding\n\n## Where you live\n\nTo be eligible to apply for an NHS bursary you must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 years up to the start of the academic year.\n\nYou may still be eligible if you do not meet the residency requirements - find out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\n## Your course\n\nWhether you\u2019re eligible depends on when your course starts.\n\nYou will not get an NHS bursary if you\u2019re a first level nurse or midwife and you\u2019re registering for a second field in nursing or midwifery.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a doctor or dentist.\n\nYou can apply for an NHS bursary from your 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course.\n\n## If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:\n\n- doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)\n\n- dental hygienist or dental therapist\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2017\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:\n\n- doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)\n\n- chiropodist (including podiatrist), dietician, occupational therapist, orthoptist, physiotherapist, prosthetist, orthotist, radiographer, radiotherapist, audiologist or a speech and language therapist\n\n- dental hygienist or dental therapist\n\n- nurse, midwife or operating department practitioner (degree or diploma course)\n\n## Household income\n\nYour total bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be either your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already had funding\n\nYou may be eligible for an NHS bursary even if you\u2019ve already had public funding for higher education.\n\nIf you\u2019ve had an NHS bursary and want to change professions, you may also be eligible.\n\nFind out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to create a Bursary Online Support System (BOSS) account on the NHS Student Bursaries website to apply for an NHS bursary.\n\nYou must reapply for your bursary every academic year.\n\nThere are different ways to apply if you\u2019re from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## New students\n\nIf you\u2019re entering the first year of your NHS-funded course or, for medical and dental students, your first year of NHS bursary funding, read the guidance for new students.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should wait until you have an offer of a course place from your university or college before you apply for an NHS bursary.\n\nThe date you can apply from usually depends on when your course starts. Check the NHS Student Bursaries website for the latest application dates.\n\n## Documents\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for an NHS bursary for the first time you must provide 2 documents to confirm your identity, one of which must include a photograph of yourself, for example a birth certificate and a valid passport.\n\nYou must send original documents (not photocopies), which NHS Student Bursaries will return to you.\n\n## Continuing students\n\nIf you\u2019ve already had an NHS student bursary for your current course and you\u2019re reapplying for another year, read the guidance for continuing students.\n\n## When to apply\n\nNHS Student Bursaries will send you an email invitation when you can reapply for your bursary. The date your invitation is sent depends on when your next academic year begins. Check the NHS Student Busaries website for the latest invitation dates.\n\nYou must send your application within 6 months of the first day of your academic year.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf your application is approved, NHS Student Bursaries will send you an email when your bursary is available for you to view in your BOSS account.\n\nIf you get an NHS bursary you can apply separately for a reduced rate loan from Student Finance England.\n\n## Contact NHS Student Bursaries\n\nContact NHS Student Bursaries if you need help with your application.\n\n## Extra financial help\n\nIn addition to the NHS bursary you may also be able to apply for extra help if:\n\n- you have children\n\n- you have adult dependants\n\n- you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty\n\n- you do a practice placement\n\n- your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the academic year\n\nFind out more about extra help on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Dependants\u2019 Allowance\n\nYou may get this if you have adults or children who are financially dependent on you when you\u2019re training.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\nApply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance through your BOSS account.\n\n## Childcare Allowance\n\nYou must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance before you can apply for Childcare Allowance.\n\nYou may be able to get the NHS Bursary Childcare Allowance if you have dependent children.\n\nHow much you get depends on your circumstances and your household income.\n\nYou cannot get this if you\u2019re not entitled to the NHS bursary (known as a \u2018Fees Only award\u2019).\n\nTo qualify:\n\n- you must use a registered childcare provider\n\n- your children must be under 15 on the first day of the academic year (or under 17 if they have special educational needs)\n\nThe allowance pays 85% of the gross actual cost up to:\n\n- \u00a3128.78 a week for 1 child\n\n- \u00a3191.45 a week for 2 or more children\n\nApply for Childcare Allowance via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Parent Learning Allowance\n\nYou must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance first. If this includes a dependent child, you\u2019re automatically assessed for Parent Learning Allowance.\n\nYou can claim up to \u00a31,204 per academic year.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\n## Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances\n\nYou can get this if you have to pay extra costs because of a:\n\n- physical disability\n\n- long-term health condition\n\n- mental-health difficulty\n\n- specific learning difficulty like dyslexia\n\nYou need to give up-to-date medical evidence of the nature and severity of your disability from a qualified professional.\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a320,725 for a helper\n\n- \u00a35,214 for specialist equipment for the whole course\n\n- \u00a31,741 for other costs\n\nApply for Disabled Students Allowance through your BOSS account.\n\n## Practice placement expenses\n\nIf you do a practice placement you may be able to claim travel costs if:\n\n- your practice placement is in a hospital or community health centre and not at your university\n\n- it costs you more to travel to your placement than it costs to travel to university\n\nClaim practice placement expenses via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Extra Weeks Allowance\n\nIf your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the 2016 to 2017 academic year you may be entitled to Extra Weeks Allowance:\n\n| Where you study and live | Allowance |\n\n| In London | \u00a3108 per week |\n\n| Outside London | \u00a384 per additional week |\n\n| With your parents | \u00a356 per additional week |\n\nYour Extra Weeks Allowance is calculated automatically during the application process.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/nhs-bursaries", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am studying to be a dentist and my course started on August 2019. I need some help to cover my living costs while I study", + "original_question": "Do I qualify for NHS bursary ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-662", + "question": "Scenario: I am studying to be a doctor. I registered an account with Bursary Online Support System (BOSS) for my NHS bursary last year\n\nQuestion: Do I have to re-appy for NHS bursary every year ?\n\nDocument - NHS bursaries:\n## Overview\n\nWhat you can apply for depends on when your course starts and what you\u2019re studying. You do not have to pay your NHS bursary back.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for a bursary you may still be eligible for student finance.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor or dentist.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying a pre-registration postgraduate healthcare course, you may still be eligible for student finance.\n\n## If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor, dentist, dental hygienist or dental therapist.\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2017\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying a dental, medical or healthcare course in England.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:\n\n- a bursary from the NHS\n\n- a \u00a31,000 grant from the NHS\n\n- a reduced Maintenance Loan from Student Finance England\n\nIf you\u2019re an eligible part-time student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:\n\n- a reduced bursary from the NHS\n\n- a reduced grant from the NHS\n\nThe amount you get depends on the length of your course.\n\n## Tuition fees\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for an NHS bursary, the NHS pays your standard tuition fees. Your course tuition fees are paid directly to your university.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying a graduate-entry accelerated medical or dental programme, you can get some of your tuition costs paid with an NHS bursary in years 2 to 4 of your programme.\n\n- \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n- \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2018 to 2019 academic year\n\n## Bursary\n\nYour bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.\n\nIf you started a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE) Nursing or Operating Department Practitioner course before 1 September 2012, you\u2019ll receive a basic bursary which does not depend on your household income.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying to become a doctor or dentist, you can apply for an NHS bursary from your second year for graduate entry programmes or from your fifth year for undergraduate programmes.\n\n## Grant\n\nYou\u2019ll get a fixed amount of \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting your course on or after 1 September 2012. You\u2019ll get a reduced amount if you\u2019re a part-time student.\n\nYou must apply for an NHS bursary to get the grant.\n\n## Maintenance Loan\n\nYou\u2019ll get a reduced Maintenance Loan. The amount you get depends on:\n\n- where you live and study\n\n- whether you\u2019re in the final year of your course (when you get less)\n\nCurrent rates for the 2018 to 2019 academic year are:\n\n- \u00a33,263 for students studying in London and living away from home\n\n- \u00a32,324 for students studying outside London and away from home\n\n- \u00a31,744 for students living at home\n\nCurrent rates for the 2019 to 2020 academic year are:\n\n- \u00a33,354 for students studying in London and living away from home\n\n- \u00a32,389 for students studying outside London and away from home\n\n- \u00a31,793 for students living at home\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nThe NHS bursary is paid into your bank account in 12 equal monthly instalments.\n\nThe Maintenance Loan is usually paid into your bank account at the beginning of each term.\n\n## If you\u2019re disabled or have children\n\nYou may get extra help if you:\n\n- have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty\n\n- have dependants\n\nFind out what extra help you could get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you can get an NHS bursary depends on:\n\n- where you live\n\n- your course\n\n- your household income\n\n- whether you\u2019ve already had funding\n\n## Where you live\n\nTo be eligible to apply for an NHS bursary you must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 years up to the start of the academic year.\n\nYou may still be eligible if you do not meet the residency requirements - find out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\n## Your course\n\nWhether you\u2019re eligible depends on when your course starts.\n\nYou will not get an NHS bursary if you\u2019re a first level nurse or midwife and you\u2019re registering for a second field in nursing or midwifery.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a doctor or dentist.\n\nYou can apply for an NHS bursary from your 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course.\n\n## If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:\n\n- doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)\n\n- dental hygienist or dental therapist\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2017\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:\n\n- doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)\n\n- chiropodist (including podiatrist), dietician, occupational therapist, orthoptist, physiotherapist, prosthetist, orthotist, radiographer, radiotherapist, audiologist or a speech and language therapist\n\n- dental hygienist or dental therapist\n\n- nurse, midwife or operating department practitioner (degree or diploma course)\n\n## Household income\n\nYour total bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be either your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already had funding\n\nYou may be eligible for an NHS bursary even if you\u2019ve already had public funding for higher education.\n\nIf you\u2019ve had an NHS bursary and want to change professions, you may also be eligible.\n\nFind out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to create a Bursary Online Support System (BOSS) account on the NHS Student Bursaries website to apply for an NHS bursary.\n\nYou must reapply for your bursary every academic year.\n\nThere are different ways to apply if you\u2019re from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## New students\n\nIf you\u2019re entering the first year of your NHS-funded course or, for medical and dental students, your first year of NHS bursary funding, read the guidance for new students.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should wait until you have an offer of a course place from your university or college before you apply for an NHS bursary.\n\nThe date you can apply from usually depends on when your course starts. Check the NHS Student Bursaries website for the latest application dates.\n\n## Documents\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for an NHS bursary for the first time you must provide 2 documents to confirm your identity, one of which must include a photograph of yourself, for example a birth certificate and a valid passport.\n\nYou must send original documents (not photocopies), which NHS Student Bursaries will return to you.\n\n## Continuing students\n\nIf you\u2019ve already had an NHS student bursary for your current course and you\u2019re reapplying for another year, read the guidance for continuing students.\n\n## When to apply\n\nNHS Student Bursaries will send you an email invitation when you can reapply for your bursary. The date your invitation is sent depends on when your next academic year begins. Check the NHS Student Busaries website for the latest invitation dates.\n\nYou must send your application within 6 months of the first day of your academic year.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf your application is approved, NHS Student Bursaries will send you an email when your bursary is available for you to view in your BOSS account.\n\nIf you get an NHS bursary you can apply separately for a reduced rate loan from Student Finance England.\n\n## Contact NHS Student Bursaries\n\nContact NHS Student Bursaries if you need help with your application.\n\n## Extra financial help\n\nIn addition to the NHS bursary you may also be able to apply for extra help if:\n\n- you have children\n\n- you have adult dependants\n\n- you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty\n\n- you do a practice placement\n\n- your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the academic year\n\nFind out more about extra help on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Dependants\u2019 Allowance\n\nYou may get this if you have adults or children who are financially dependent on you when you\u2019re training.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\nApply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance through your BOSS account.\n\n## Childcare Allowance\n\nYou must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance before you can apply for Childcare Allowance.\n\nYou may be able to get the NHS Bursary Childcare Allowance if you have dependent children.\n\nHow much you get depends on your circumstances and your household income.\n\nYou cannot get this if you\u2019re not entitled to the NHS bursary (known as a \u2018Fees Only award\u2019).\n\nTo qualify:\n\n- you must use a registered childcare provider\n\n- your children must be under 15 on the first day of the academic year (or under 17 if they have special educational needs)\n\nThe allowance pays 85% of the gross actual cost up to:\n\n- \u00a3128.78 a week for 1 child\n\n- \u00a3191.45 a week for 2 or more children\n\nApply for Childcare Allowance via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Parent Learning Allowance\n\nYou must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance first. If this includes a dependent child, you\u2019re automatically assessed for Parent Learning Allowance.\n\nYou can claim up to \u00a31,204 per academic year.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\n## Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances\n\nYou can get this if you have to pay extra costs because of a:\n\n- physical disability\n\n- long-term health condition\n\n- mental-health difficulty\n\n- specific learning difficulty like dyslexia\n\nYou need to give up-to-date medical evidence of the nature and severity of your disability from a qualified professional.\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a320,725 for a helper\n\n- \u00a35,214 for specialist equipment for the whole course\n\n- \u00a31,741 for other costs\n\nApply for Disabled Students Allowance through your BOSS account.\n\n## Practice placement expenses\n\nIf you do a practice placement you may be able to claim travel costs if:\n\n- your practice placement is in a hospital or community health centre and not at your university\n\n- it costs you more to travel to your placement than it costs to travel to university\n\nClaim practice placement expenses via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Extra Weeks Allowance\n\nIf your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the 2016 to 2017 academic year you may be entitled to Extra Weeks Allowance:\n\n| Where you study and live | Allowance |\n\n| In London | \u00a3108 per week |\n\n| Outside London | \u00a384 per additional week |\n\n| With your parents | \u00a356 per additional week |\n\nYour Extra Weeks Allowance is calculated automatically during the application process.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/nhs-bursaries", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am studying to be a doctor. I registered an account with Bursary Online Support System (BOSS) for my NHS bursary last year", + "original_question": "Do I have to re-appy for NHS bursary every year ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-665", + "question": "Scenario: My wife is pregnant and due in four months. I started working in this job five months ago and I earn \u00a3500 per week.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible for statutory paternity pay?\n\nDocument - Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave: employer guide:\n## Entitlement\n\nEmployees may be eligible for Statutory Paternity Leave and Pay if they and their partner are:\n\n- having a baby\n\n- adopting a child\n\n- having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement\n\n## Statutory Paternity Leave\n\nEmployees can choose to take either 1 week or 2 consecutive weeks\u2019 leave. The amount of time is the same even if they have more than one child (for example twins).\n\nLeave cannot start before the birth. The start date must be one of the following:\n\n- the actual date of birth\n\n- an agreed number of days after the birth\n\n- an agreed number of days after the expected week of childbirth\n\nLeave must finish within 56 days of the birth (or due date if the baby is early). The start and end dates are different if the employee is adopting.\n\n## Statutory Paternity Pay\n\nStatutory Paternity Pay for eligible employees is either \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their average weekly earnings (whichever is lower). Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s paternity leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator.\n\nSome employment types, like agency workers, directors and educational workers, have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nEmployees can get more leave or pay if:\n\n- their partner returns to work and they qualify for Shared Parental Leave and Pay\n\n- your company scheme offers more\n\nYou must make sure your paternity leave and pay policies are clear and easily accessible to staff.\n\n## Leave for antenatal appointments\n\nEmployees can take unpaid leave to accompany a pregnant woman to antenatal appointments if they are:\n\n- the baby\u2019s father\n\n- the expectant mother\u2019s spouse or civil partner\n\n- in a long term relationship with the expectant mother\n\n- the intended parent (if they\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)\n\nThey can accompany the woman to 2 appointments of up to 6 and a half hours each.\n\n## If the baby dies\n\nEmployees still qualify for paternity leave and pay if the baby is either:\n\n- stillborn from 24 weeks of pregnancy\n\n- born alive at any point in the pregnancy but later dies\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during paternity leave. You still have to pay Statutory Paternity Pay even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nEmployees must be one of the following, the:\n\n- father\n\n- husband or partner of the mother (or adopter)\n\n- child\u2019s adopter\n\n- intended parent (if they\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)\n\nEmployees must also:\n\n- be classed as an employee (paternity leave only)\n\n- be employed by you up to the date the child is born (or placed with the adopter) (paternity pay only)\n\n- be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week (gross) in an 8 week \u2018relevant period\u2019 (paternity pay only)\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- be taking time off to look after the child or their partner\n\n- be responsible for the child\u2019s upbringing\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nThe qualifying week is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if the employee is adopting.\n\nUse the paternity pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their relevant period, notice period and paternity pay.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave or become sick.\n\n## If the child is born early\n\nIf the child is born early, the employee is still eligible if they would have worked for you continuously for at least 26 weeks by the qualifying week.\n\nFor very premature births where the child is born 15 weeks before the due date, you\u2019ll need to calculate paternity pay using your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.\n\n## Employees in surrogacy arrangements\n\nParents intending to have a child through a surrogacy arrangement may be eligible for Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave.\n\nIf you ask, they must give you a written statement to confirm that they\u2019ve applied or intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth.\n\nEmployees cannot get Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave if they\u2019ve taken Shared Parental Leave.\n\n## Notice period\n\nThe notice periods and forms are different if the employee is adopting.\n\n## Statutory Paternity Leave\n\nEmployees must tell you at least 15 weeks before the week the baby is expected:\n\n- the baby\u2019s due date\n\n- when they want their leave to start - they can change this with 28 days\u2019 notice\n\n- how much leave they want\n\nNotice does not have to be in writing unless you request it. Employees can use form SC3 to ask for leave and pay.\n\n## Statutory Paternity Pay\n\nEmployees must request paternity pay at least 15 weeks before the week the baby is expected using form SC3 (or your own version). Take a copy and give the original back to the employee.\n\nEmployees having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement must use form SC4 to request leave and pay.\n\n## Late notice\n\nYou can delay the leave or pay start date if the employee does not have a reasonable excuse for giving you the wrong amount of notice. To delay it, write to them within 28 days of their leave request.\n\n## Adoption\n\nEligible employees are entitled to paternity leave and pay if they\u2019re adopting a child.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s paternity leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator. For overseas adoptions you\u2019ll need to use your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nAn employee adopting a child must:\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the week they were matched with a child (UK adoptions)\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks by either the date the child arrives in the UK or when they want their pay to start (overseas adoptions)\n\n- confirm that their partner is getting Statutory Adoption Pay in writing or by giving you a copy of their partner\u2019s form SC6\n\n- meet the other eligibility conditions for paternity leave or pay\n\n## Notice period\n\nAn employee adopting a child must send you form SC4 for:\n\n- leave - no later than 7 days of their co-adopter or partner being matched with a child\n\n- pay - 28 days before they want their pay to start\n\nFor overseas adoptions the form and notice period is different. The process is explained on form SC5.\n\n## Leave start date\n\nAn employee taking paternity leave because they\u2019re adopting can start their leave:\n\n- on the date of placement\n\n- an agreed number of days after the date of placement\n\n- on the date the child arrives in the UK or an agreed number of days after this (overseas adoptions)\n\nFor overseas adoptions leave must be taken within 56 days of the date of placement or the child\u2019s arrival in the UK.\n\n## Proof of adoption\n\nEmployees must give you proof of adoption to qualify for paternity pay. Proof is not needed for paternity leave unless you request it. Proof can be a letter from their adoption agency or their matching certificate.\n\nYou must keep records of the proof.\n\n## Refuse pay form SPP1\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Paternity Pay if the employee does not qualify. To do this send them form SPP1 within 28 days of their pay request. You must keep a copy.\n\nThe employee can ask you for a written statement explaining your decision. You have to give this to them within a reasonable time, for example 7 working days.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- the date Statutory Paternity Pay started\n\n- the paternity payments you\u2019ve made (including dates)\n\n- the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\n- if adopting, a letter from the adoption agency or a matching certificate\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to (for example by using form SPP2 or keeping your own records).\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-paternity-pay-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My wife is pregnant and due in four months. I started working in this job five months ago and I earn \u00a3500 per week.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible for statutory paternity pay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-666", + "question": "Scenario: I'm Bob and I'm working at a corner shop in my town. My boss is really mean and I am wondering if I'm being diddled. He pays my bus fare and he says I should be grateful. I'm 18 years old.\n\nQuestion: Am I entitled to the National Minimum Wage?\n\nDocument - The National Minimum Wage and Living Wage:\n## Overview\n\nThe minimum wage a worker should get depends on their age and if they\u2019re an apprentice.\n\nThe National Minimum Wage is the minimum pay per hour almost all workers are entitled to. The National Living Wage is higher than the National Minimum Wage - workers get it if they\u2019re over 23.\n\nIt does not matter how small an employer is, they still have to pay the correct minimum wage.\n\n## Calculate the minimum wage\n\nUse the minimum wage calculators to check if the correct minimum wage has been paid.\n\nThere are separate calculators for workers and employers.\n\nUse the calculator for workers to check if you\u2019re getting the correct minimum wage or if an employer owes you payment from the previous year.\n\nUse the calculator for employers to check if you\u2019re paying the correct minimum wage or if you owe a payment from the previous year.\n\nThere is also guidance on working out the minimum wage for different types of work.\n\nCall the Acas helpline or visit the Acas Helpline Online for advice about the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\n## Who gets the minimum wage\n\nPeople classed as \u2018workers\u2019 must be at least school leaving age to get the National Minimum Wage. They must be 23 or over to get the National Living Wage.\n\nContracts for payments below the minimum wage are not legally binding. The worker is still entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nWorkers are also entitled to the correct minimum wage if they\u2019re:\n\n- part-time\n\n- casual labourers, for example someone hired for one day\n\n- agency workers\n\n- workers and homeworkers paid by the number of items they make\n\n- apprentices\n\n- trainees, workers on probation\n\n- disabled workers\n\n- agricultural workers\n\n- foreign workers\n\n- seafarers\n\n- offshore workers\n\n## Apprentices\n\nApprentices are entitled to the apprentice rate if they\u2019re either:\n\n- under 19\n\n- 19 or over and in the first year of their apprenticeship\n\nApprentices over 19 who have completed the first year of their apprenticeship are entitled to the correct minimum wage for their age.\n\n## Not entitled to the minimum wage\n\nThe following types of workers are not entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage:\n\n- self-employed people running their own business\n\n- company directors\n\n- people who are volunteers or voluntary workers\n\n- workers on a government employment programme, such as the Work Programme\n\n- members of the armed forces\n\n- family members of the employer living in the employer\u2019s home\n\n- non-family members living in the employer\u2019s home who share in the work and leisure activities, are treated as one of the family and are not charged for meals or accommodation, for example au pairs\n\n- workers younger than school leaving age (usually 16)\n\n- higher and further education students on work experience or a work placement up to one year\n\n- people shadowing others at work\n\n- workers on government pre-apprenticeships schemes\n\n- people on the following European Union (EU) programmes: Leonardo da Vinci, Erasmus+, Comenius\n\n- people working on a Jobcentre Plus Work trial for up to 6 weeks\n\n- share fishermen\n\n- prisoners\n\n- people living and working in a religious community\n\nEmployers who offer internships (sometimes called \u2018work placements\u2019 or \u2018work experience\u2019) should check if the person is entitled to the minimum wage.\n\n## Voluntary work\n\nYou\u2019re classed as doing voluntary work if you can only get certain limited benefits (for example reasonable travel or lunch expenses) and you\u2019re working for a:\n\n- charity\n\n- voluntary organisation or associated fundraising body\n\n- statutory body\n\nContact the Acas helpline to find out if you should be getting the minimum wage.\n\n## Employers and the minimum wage\n\nEmployers must pay workers the correct minimum wage.\n\nYou can read guidance on the minimum wage rates and who they apply to.\n\n## What\u2019s not included in minimum wage calculations\n\nSome payments must not be included when the minimum wage is calculated.\n\nThese are:\n\n- payments that should not be included for the employer\u2019s own use or benefit, for example if the employer has paid for travel to work\n\n- things the worker bought for the job and is not refunded for, such as tools, uniform, safety equipment\n\n- tips, service charges and cover charges\n\n- extra pay for working unsocial hours on a shift\n\nFind out what counts as working time.\n\n## What\u2019s included in minimum wage calculations\n\nSome payments must be included when the minimum wage is calculated.\n\nThese are:\n\n- Income Tax and National Insurance contributions\n\n- wage advances or loans\n\n- repayment of wage advances or loans\n\n- repayment of overpaid wages\n\n- things the worker paid for that are not needed for the job or paid for voluntarily, such as meals\n\n- accommodation provided by an employer above the offset rate (\u00a38.36 a day or \u00a358.52 a week)\n\n- penalty charges for a worker\u2019s misconduct\n\nRead the detailed guidance on calculating the minimum wage for more on what counts and does not count towards the minimum wage, eligibility, how to calculate the minimum wage and how it is enforced.\n\n## Employer checks\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence for employers to not pay someone the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage, or to fake payment records.\n\nEmployers who discover they\u2019ve paid a worker below the correct minimum wage must pay any arrears immediately. Use the National Minimum Wage and National Living Wage calculator to check a worker has been paid correctly.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) officers have the right to carry out checks at any time and ask to see payment records. They can also investigate employers if a worker complains to them.\n\nIf HMRC finds that an employer has not been paying the correct rates, any arrears have to be paid back immediately. There will also be a fine and offenders might be named by the government.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nIt\u2019s the employer\u2019s responsibility to keep records proving that they are paying the minimum wage. These records must be kept for at least 6 years if they:\n\n- were created on or after 1 April 2021\n\n- still had to be kept on 31 March 2021 under the previous rule that records must be kept for 3 years\n\nThe period records must be kept for starts from the last day of the pay reference period after the one they cover.\n\nThey do not have to be kept in any particular form, for example they can be paper or computer records. But employers must be able to produce records for an individual pay reference period in a single document.\n\nMost employers use their payroll records as proof of:\n\n- total pay - including pay deductions, allowances and tips\n\n- total hours worked - including absences and overtime\n\nEmployers may also need to keep records such as:\n\n- agreements about working hours, pay and conditions, such as contracts\n\n- documents that show why a worker is not entitled to the minimum wage\n\n## Pay reference periods\n\nPay reference periods are usually set by how often someone is paid, for example one week, one month or 10 days. A pay reference period cannot be longer than 31 days.\n\nA worker must be paid the minimum wage, on average, for the time worked in the pay reference period.\n\n## Worker disputes over minimum wage\n\nWorkers who think their pay is below the correct minimum wage rate should talk to their employer first.\n\nIf this does not solve the problem, they can ask the employer in writing to see their payment records. The worker can take someone with them and make copies of the records.\n\nIf an employer owes the worker any arrears they have to pay these back.\n\nWorkers can call the confidential Acas helpline or look at the Acas Helpline Online to help them solve a payment dispute.\n\nWorkers can also make a complaint to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about their employer or employment agency or complain on behalf of someone else.\n\n## If the employer refuses payment\n\nIf HMRC find that the employer has not paid they will send them a notice for the arrears plus a fine for not paying the minimum wage.\n\nHMRC can take them to court on behalf of the worker if the employer still refuses to pay.\n\n## Employment tribunal\n\nWorkers can also go directly to the employment tribunal themselves.\n\nWorkers who have been dismissed because of a minimum wage dispute can also complain to the employment tribunal for unfair dismissal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I'm Bob and I'm working at a corner shop in my town. My boss is really mean and I am wondering if I'm being diddled. He pays my bus fare and he says I should be grateful. I'm 18 years old.", + "original_question": "Am I entitled to the National Minimum Wage?" + }, + { + "id": "train-669", + "question": "Scenario: I am a member of a small craft makers union and am unhappy with the way it is being managed. Most members are apathetic and I feel that the union is not fit for cause.\n\nQuestion: Is it worth my while to make a fuss about this or should I just grin and bear it?\n\nDocument - Derecognise a union:\n## Overview\n\nTrade unions can be recognised to represent groups of employees in a company in negotiations over pay, holidays and working conditions through either:\n\n- a voluntary agreement with the employer\n\n- a declaration by the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC).\n\nThree years after a CAC declaration of recognition, employers and workers can apply to the CAC to have a union derecognised.\n\nIf the application is successful, the union will cease to represent the workforce in negotiations with the employer.\n\n## When employers can apply\n\nWhere recognition has been declared by the CAC, you can apply to have a union derecognised in any of the following situations:\n\n- the number of people employed by the company has fallen to less than 21\n\n- workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union\n\n- the number of union members in the bargaining unit has fallen to below 50%\n\n## When workers can apply\n\nYou can apply to have a union derecognised if workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union and don\u2019t want to be represented by the union.\n\nYou can apply to have a non-independent union derecognised if the majority of workers do not support it.\n\n## Employers: reduced workforce\n\nAs an employer, you can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to have a trade union derecognised if both of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period\n\n- it is more than 3 years since recognition was declared by the CAC\n\nYou must give written notice to the union asking for the union to be derecognised. Notice must be given within 5 days of the end of the relevant 13-week period.\n\nYour letter must include the following details:\n\n- the specific 13-week period during which you had less than 21 workers\n\n- the number of workers you employed in that time\n\n- the current bargaining arrangements\n\n- the date you want the arrangements to end - this must be at least 35 working days after the request was made\n\nYou must give a copy of the letter to the CAC. The CAC will tell you within 10 days if the notice you gave the union was valid.\n\n## Your notice is valid\n\nThe union will be derecognised and you won\u2019t have to negotiate with them anymore, unless they make an application to the CAC because they believe that:\n\n- the 13-week period was within 3 years of them gaining recognition\n\n- your company employed 21 or more workers during that time\n\n## Your notice isn\u2019t valid\n\nYou must continue with the current collective bargaining arrangements.\n\n## Employers: union loses support\n\nYou can try to get a union derecognised if the workers in the bargaining unit no longer support it and don\u2019t want it to negotiate on their behalf.\n\n## Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise\n\nYou must send a written request to the union, stating:\n\n- that you wish to end the bargaining arrangements because you believe that the union no longer has the support of the workers\n\n- what the current arrangements are\n\n- that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\nThe union has 10 working days to respond to your request.\n\nYou can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.\n\n## The union agrees to negotiate\n\nIf they reject your request but agree to negotiate, you\u2019ll have another 20 working days to come to an agreement about derecognition.\n\nWithin this period, either side can ask the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) to help with negotiations. You may extend this period if the union agrees.\n\n## The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request\n\nYou can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.\n\nYou can only apply if both of these are true:\n\n- the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition\n\nSend the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. Send a copy to the union.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nThe CAC will arrange a secret ballot of workers if your application is successful.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.\n\n## Employers: union membership is less than 50%\n\nIf the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago, a union can be derecognised if the level of union membership in the bargaining unit falls below 50%.\n\nApply to the CAC to hold a secret ballot of employees on whether collective bargaining should be ended.\n\nYou can only apply if:\n\n- the CAC declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\n## Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise\n\nYou must send a written request to the unions, stating:\n\n- that fewer than 50% of the workers in the bargaining unit are union members\n\n- what the current bargaining arrangements are, eg how many workers are in the bargaining unit, where they work\n\n- that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\nThe union has 10 working days to respond to your request.\n\nYou can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.\n\n## The union rejects your request but is willing to negotiate\n\nYou have 10 days to negotiate an agreement about derecognition. You can extend this period if the union agrees.\n\n## The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request\n\nApply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.\n\nYou can\u2019t apply if there have been any applications to CAC for an end to bargaining arrangements in the previous 3 years.\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) that less than 50% of the bargaining unit are union members.\n\nSend the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. You must send copies of the form and evidence to the union.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nThe CAC will arrange for a secret ballot of the workers to be held if your application is successful.\n\nYou will have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.\n\n## Workers: union loses support\n\nYou can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for a secret ballot on derecognition if you believe the union no longer has the support of the bargaining unit.\n\nYou can only apply if both of these are true:\n\n- the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition\n\nSend the completed form and your evidence to both the union and the CAC.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs information to support your application, eg evidence of levels of union support.\n\nYour application will either be:\n\n- rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days\n\n## Taking part in negotiations\n\nCAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.\n\nThe outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:\n\n- you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised\n\n- no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot\n\n## Workers: derecognise a non-independent union\n\nAn employee or group of workers can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to derecognise a non-independent union that the employer recognised voluntarily.\n\nA non-independent union represents employees but has not been given a certificate of independence by the Certification Officer. You can check this on the Certification Officer\u2019s website.\n\nYou can apply any time after the union has been recognised by the employer.\n\n## Apply for a secret ballot\n\nApply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to find out if they want the union derecognsied.\n\nThe form must be completed and signed by an employee in the bargaining unit.\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of employees in the bargaining are likely to favour an end to the bargaining arrangements\n\nSend the completed form plus your documents to CAC. Send a signed copy of the form and evidence to the union and your employer.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nYour application will either be:\n\n- rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days\n\n## Taking part in negotiations\n\nCAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.\n\nThe outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:\n\n- you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised\n\n- no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot\n\n## Holding a derecognition ballot\n\nWhen employers, workers and the union have tried to reach agreement about derecognition but failed, the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will hold a secret ballot.\n\nCAC will write to everyone involved, saying that they intend to hold a ballot to allow workers in the bargaining unit to vote on derecognition.\n\n## How the ballot works\n\nCAC will appoint a qualified independent person (QIP) who will aim to conduct the ballot within 20 working days of their appointment. The CAC may extend this period if necessary.\n\nThe QIP will provide an estimate for the cost of running the ballot. The arrangements for the ballot will be decided by the CAC after consulting the employer and the union.\n\nThe final cost of the ballot will be split equally between the employer and the union.\n\nThe employer and the union must follow the Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition.\n\n## Complain when someone doesn\u2019t co-operate\n\nComplain to CAC any time before the ballot is held if you feel someone isn\u2019t co-operating.\n\nThe union can complain to the CAC if the employer is not fulfilling their duties during the ballot.\n\nCAC will investigate and can issue a \u2018remedial order\u2019 demanding that all duties are carried out properly.\n\nIf that order is ignored CAC can cancel the ballot or declare that the union be derecognised.\n\n## Complain about unfair practices\n\nComplain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if you feel that another party is using unfair practices to influence the ballot, eg bribery or threats.\n\nTo make a complaint fill in the unfair practices application form and send it to CAC. The address is on the form.\n\nComplaints can be made at any time up to the end of day after the ballot closes.\n\nWhere CAC finds that unfair practices were used they may:\n\n- reschedule the ballot\n\n- cancel the ballot and declare that the union is derecognised\n\n- cancel the ballot and refuse the application for derecognition\n\nThe Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition has more information.\n\n## After the ballot\n\nYou\u2019ll usually find out the result of the vote 48 hours after the ballot closes.\n\nFor a union to be derecognised the majority of those voting, and at least 40% of the workers in the bargaining unit, must vote in favour of ending the bargaining arrangements.\n\nThe Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will declare the union as derecognised or will refuse the application for derecognition.\n\n## Paying for the ballot\n\nThe employer and the union will each receive a demand from the qualified independent person (QIP) for their share of the cost of running the ballot.\n\nThis must be paid in 15 days. If either party wishes to dispute the amount they can appeal to an employment tribunal.\n\n## What you must do\n\nAs an employer, you no longer have to work with a union that\u2019s been derecognised.\n\nYou must continue to work with a union if the CAC have refused the application for derecognition. You cannot reapply for the union to be derecognised for 3 years.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a member of a small craft makers union and am unhappy with the way it is being managed. Most members are apathetic and I feel that the union is not fit for cause.", + "original_question": "Is it worth my while to make a fuss about this or should I just grin and bear it?" + }, + { + "id": "train-670", + "question": "Scenario: I would like to claim the employment allowance. My business paid out \u00a3120,000 for national insurance liabilities in the last year. We did not claim for employment allowance last year.\n\nQuestion: Will my business be able to claim for employment allowance?\n\nDocument - Employment Allowance:\n## What you'll get\n\nEmployment Allowance allows eligible employers to reduce their annual National Insurance liability by up to \u00a34,000.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay less employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance each time you run your payroll until the \u00a34,000 has gone or the tax year ends (whichever is sooner).\n\nYou can only claim against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability up to a maximum of \u00a34,000 each tax year. You can still claim the allowance if your liability was less than \u00a34,000 a year.\n\n## Check if you're eligible\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance if you\u2019re a business or charity (including community amateur sports clubs) and your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities were less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year.\n\nYou can also claim if you employ a care or support worker.\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year. Some of the rules for claiming are different.\n\n## If you\u2019re part of a group\n\nIf you\u2019re part of a group of charities or companies (also known as connected companies), the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for the group must be less than \u00a3100,000.\n\nOnly one company in the group can claim the allowance.\n\n## If you have more than one payroll\n\nIf you have or had more than one employer PAYE reference, the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for your combined payrolls must be less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year\n\nYou can only claim Employment Allowance against one of the payrolls.\n\n## Off-payroll salary payments\n\nDo not include employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities on payments you make to off-payroll workers in your calculations. These are known as deemed payments. They do not count towards the \u00a3100,000 threshold.\n\n## Check if de minimis state aid rules apply to you\n\nIf you make or sell goods or services, Employment Allowance counts as \u2018de minimis state aid\u2019. There\u2019s a limit to how much de minimis state aid you can get.\n\nYou must:\n\n- check that you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold\n\n- work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received\n\nYou must do this even if you do not make a profit.\n\nYou do not have to do this if you do not make or sell goods or services, for example you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.\n\n## Check you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold\n\nEmployment Allowance counts towards the total de minimis state aid you\u2019re allowed to get over a 3 year period.\n\nYou must make sure you will not exceed the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.\n\nDe minimis state aid and the relevant thresholds are worked out in euros.\n\n| Sector | De minimis state aid threshold over 3 years |\n\n| Agriculture products sector | \u20ac20,000 |\n\n| Fisheries and aquaculture sector | \u20ac30,000 |\n\n| Road freight transport sector | \u20ac100,000 |\n\n| Industrial sector\u202f\u202f/ other | \u20ac200,000 |\n\n## Work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received\n\n- Check if you\u2019ve received any de minimis state aid - if so, you should have been told in writing.\n\n- Add the total amount of de minimis state aid that you\u2019ve received or been allocated for the current and past 2 tax years.\n\n- Add this to the full amount of Employment Allowance for the year you\u2019re claiming for. You\u2019ll need to convert this into euros using the exchange rate for the end of the previous tax year. If you\u2019re claiming for 2020 to 2021, you\u2019ll need to use the exchange rate on 30 March 2020: \u00a31 to \u20ac1.1249.\n\n- If the total is below the threshold for your sector, you\u2019re eligible to make a claim.\n\nIf you\u2019re a connected company, the total de minimis state aid for all of the companies in the group must be below the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.\n\nThe rules are different if your business covers more than one sector.\n\n## Who cannot claim Employment Allowance\n\nYou cannot claim if you\u2019re a public body or business doing more than half your work in the public sector (such as local councils and NHS services) - unless you\u2019re a charity.\n\nYou also cannot claim if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a company with only one employee paid above the Class 1 National Insurance secondary threshold\n\n- the employee is also a director of the company\n\nCertain employees cannot be included in your claim, such as:\n\n- someone whose earnings are within IR35 \u2018off-payroll working rules\u2019\n\n- someone you employ for personal, household or domestic work (like a nanny or gardener) - unless they\u2019re a care or support worker\n\n## How to claim\n\nHow you claim depends on whether you use your own payroll software or HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE tools.\n\n## If you use your own software\n\nTo claim through your payroll software, put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field next time you send an Employment Payment Summary (EPS) to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nIf your payroll software does not have an Employment Payment Summary field, you can use Basic PAYE Tools.\n\n## Select your business sector under \u2018de minimis state aid rules\u2019\n\nYou must select the business sectors that apply to you, even if you do not make a profit.\n\nMost businesses will need to select the \u2018Industrial/other\u2019 category, for example a hair salon or restaurant.\n\nIf you do not make or sell goods or services, choose \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019. For example if you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.\n\n## If you use HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools\n\n- Select the correct name in the \u2018Employer\u2019 menu on the home page.\n\n- Select \u2018Change employer details\u2019.\n\n- Select \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field.\n\n- Answer \u2018Yes\u2019 to the \u2018Do state aid rules apply?\u2019 question if you sell goods or services. Select the business sectors that apply to you. Otherwise, answer \u2018No\u2019 and select \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019.\n\n- Send your EPS as normal.\n\n## Stopping your claim\n\nIf you stop being eligible, select \u2018No\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field in your next EPS.\n\nDo not select \u2018No\u2019 just because:\n\n- you\u2019ve reached the \u00a34,000 limit before the end of the tax year - this does not make you ineligible\n\n- you\u2019re no longer employing anyone - this allowance will stop at the end of the tax year\n\nIf you stop your claim before the end of the tax year (5 April), any allowance you\u2019ve been given that year will be removed. You\u2019ll have to pay any employers\u2019 (secondary) Class 1 National Insurance due as a result.\n\n## When to claim\n\nYou need to claim Employment Allowance every tax year.\n\nYou can claim at any time in the tax year, but the earlier you claim the sooner you will get the allowance.\n\nIf you claim late and do not use your Employment Allowance against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities, you\u2019ll have to ask HMRC to do one of the following:\n\n- use any unclaimed allowance at the end of the year to pay any tax or National Insurance you owe (including VAT and Corporation Tax if you do not owe anything on your PAYE bill)\n\n- give you a refund after the end of the tax year if you do not owe anything\n\nYou can see how much Employment Allowance you\u2019ve used in your HMRC online account.\n\n## Claiming for past years\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years, dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year.\n\nTo claim for past years, it does not matter how much your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability was or how much de minimis state aid you received.\n\nThe thresholds for employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance and de minimis state aid do not apply.\n\nEmployment allowance was \u00a33,000 each year between April 2016 and April 2020.\n\n## Further information\n\nRead \u2018Claiming Employment Allowance: further employer guidance\u2019 for more information.\n\n## After you've made a claim\n\nYou can begin using your Employment Allowance as soon you submit your claim.\n\nHMRC will not send you a confirmation letter for your Employment Allowance.\n\nIf your claim is rejected, you will receive an automated message from HMRC within 5 working days.\n\nYou may need to tell HMRC if last year\u2019s employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities included deemed payments, taking you over the \u00a3100,000 threshold.\n\n## When your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid\n\nIf you have selected a business sector in your claim, HMRC will send a letter stating that your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid.\n\nYou must keep this letter as you may need it if you apply for other de minimis state aid.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I would like to claim the employment allowance. My business paid out \u00a3120,000 for national insurance liabilities in the last year. We did not claim for employment allowance last year.", + "original_question": "Will my business be able to claim for employment allowance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-671", + "question": "Scenario: My business has just acquired a subsidiary, which has made a new group. We are eligible to claim employment allowance, and have done so in the past. We do not know how being part of a group changes the way the employment allowance works.\n\nQuestion: Do we claim employment allowance for both companies?\n\nDocument - Employment Allowance:\n## What you'll get\n\nEmployment Allowance allows eligible employers to reduce their annual National Insurance liability by up to \u00a34,000.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay less employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance each time you run your payroll until the \u00a34,000 has gone or the tax year ends (whichever is sooner).\n\nYou can only claim against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability up to a maximum of \u00a34,000 each tax year. You can still claim the allowance if your liability was less than \u00a34,000 a year.\n\n## Check if you're eligible\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance if you\u2019re a business or charity (including community amateur sports clubs) and your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities were less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year.\n\nYou can also claim if you employ a care or support worker.\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year. Some of the rules for claiming are different.\n\n## If you\u2019re part of a group\n\nIf you\u2019re part of a group of charities or companies (also known as connected companies), the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for the group must be less than \u00a3100,000.\n\nOnly one company in the group can claim the allowance.\n\n## If you have more than one payroll\n\nIf you have or had more than one employer PAYE reference, the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for your combined payrolls must be less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year\n\nYou can only claim Employment Allowance against one of the payrolls.\n\n## Off-payroll salary payments\n\nDo not include employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities on payments you make to off-payroll workers in your calculations. These are known as deemed payments. They do not count towards the \u00a3100,000 threshold.\n\n## Check if de minimis state aid rules apply to you\n\nIf you make or sell goods or services, Employment Allowance counts as \u2018de minimis state aid\u2019. There\u2019s a limit to how much de minimis state aid you can get.\n\nYou must:\n\n- check that you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold\n\n- work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received\n\nYou must do this even if you do not make a profit.\n\nYou do not have to do this if you do not make or sell goods or services, for example you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.\n\n## Check you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold\n\nEmployment Allowance counts towards the total de minimis state aid you\u2019re allowed to get over a 3 year period.\n\nYou must make sure you will not exceed the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.\n\nDe minimis state aid and the relevant thresholds are worked out in euros.\n\n| Sector | De minimis state aid threshold over 3 years |\n\n| Agriculture products sector | \u20ac20,000 |\n\n| Fisheries and aquaculture sector | \u20ac30,000 |\n\n| Road freight transport sector | \u20ac100,000 |\n\n| Industrial sector\u202f\u202f/ other | \u20ac200,000 |\n\n## Work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received\n\n- Check if you\u2019ve received any de minimis state aid - if so, you should have been told in writing.\n\n- Add the total amount of de minimis state aid that you\u2019ve received or been allocated for the current and past 2 tax years.\n\n- Add this to the full amount of Employment Allowance for the year you\u2019re claiming for. You\u2019ll need to convert this into euros using the exchange rate for the end of the previous tax year. If you\u2019re claiming for 2020 to 2021, you\u2019ll need to use the exchange rate on 30 March 2020: \u00a31 to \u20ac1.1249.\n\n- If the total is below the threshold for your sector, you\u2019re eligible to make a claim.\n\nIf you\u2019re a connected company, the total de minimis state aid for all of the companies in the group must be below the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.\n\nThe rules are different if your business covers more than one sector.\n\n## Who cannot claim Employment Allowance\n\nYou cannot claim if you\u2019re a public body or business doing more than half your work in the public sector (such as local councils and NHS services) - unless you\u2019re a charity.\n\nYou also cannot claim if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a company with only one employee paid above the Class 1 National Insurance secondary threshold\n\n- the employee is also a director of the company\n\nCertain employees cannot be included in your claim, such as:\n\n- someone whose earnings are within IR35 \u2018off-payroll working rules\u2019\n\n- someone you employ for personal, household or domestic work (like a nanny or gardener) - unless they\u2019re a care or support worker\n\n## How to claim\n\nHow you claim depends on whether you use your own payroll software or HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE tools.\n\n## If you use your own software\n\nTo claim through your payroll software, put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field next time you send an Employment Payment Summary (EPS) to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nIf your payroll software does not have an Employment Payment Summary field, you can use Basic PAYE Tools.\n\n## Select your business sector under \u2018de minimis state aid rules\u2019\n\nYou must select the business sectors that apply to you, even if you do not make a profit.\n\nMost businesses will need to select the \u2018Industrial/other\u2019 category, for example a hair salon or restaurant.\n\nIf you do not make or sell goods or services, choose \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019. For example if you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.\n\n## If you use HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools\n\n- Select the correct name in the \u2018Employer\u2019 menu on the home page.\n\n- Select \u2018Change employer details\u2019.\n\n- Select \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field.\n\n- Answer \u2018Yes\u2019 to the \u2018Do state aid rules apply?\u2019 question if you sell goods or services. Select the business sectors that apply to you. Otherwise, answer \u2018No\u2019 and select \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019.\n\n- Send your EPS as normal.\n\n## Stopping your claim\n\nIf you stop being eligible, select \u2018No\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field in your next EPS.\n\nDo not select \u2018No\u2019 just because:\n\n- you\u2019ve reached the \u00a34,000 limit before the end of the tax year - this does not make you ineligible\n\n- you\u2019re no longer employing anyone - this allowance will stop at the end of the tax year\n\nIf you stop your claim before the end of the tax year (5 April), any allowance you\u2019ve been given that year will be removed. You\u2019ll have to pay any employers\u2019 (secondary) Class 1 National Insurance due as a result.\n\n## When to claim\n\nYou need to claim Employment Allowance every tax year.\n\nYou can claim at any time in the tax year, but the earlier you claim the sooner you will get the allowance.\n\nIf you claim late and do not use your Employment Allowance against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities, you\u2019ll have to ask HMRC to do one of the following:\n\n- use any unclaimed allowance at the end of the year to pay any tax or National Insurance you owe (including VAT and Corporation Tax if you do not owe anything on your PAYE bill)\n\n- give you a refund after the end of the tax year if you do not owe anything\n\nYou can see how much Employment Allowance you\u2019ve used in your HMRC online account.\n\n## Claiming for past years\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years, dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year.\n\nTo claim for past years, it does not matter how much your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability was or how much de minimis state aid you received.\n\nThe thresholds for employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance and de minimis state aid do not apply.\n\nEmployment allowance was \u00a33,000 each year between April 2016 and April 2020.\n\n## Further information\n\nRead \u2018Claiming Employment Allowance: further employer guidance\u2019 for more information.\n\n## After you've made a claim\n\nYou can begin using your Employment Allowance as soon you submit your claim.\n\nHMRC will not send you a confirmation letter for your Employment Allowance.\n\nIf your claim is rejected, you will receive an automated message from HMRC within 5 working days.\n\nYou may need to tell HMRC if last year\u2019s employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities included deemed payments, taking you over the \u00a3100,000 threshold.\n\n## When your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid\n\nIf you have selected a business sector in your claim, HMRC will send a letter stating that your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid.\n\nYou must keep this letter as you may need it if you apply for other de minimis state aid.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My business has just acquired a subsidiary, which has made a new group. We are eligible to claim employment allowance, and have done so in the past. We do not know how being part of a group changes the way the employment allowance works.", + "original_question": "Do we claim employment allowance for both companies?" + }, + { + "id": "train-672", + "question": "Scenario: We are a supply chain company. We have more than 100 employees. We are planning to extend lunch break from 20 minutes to 45 minutes\n\nQuestion: Do we have to pay them for the break. Is it mandatory ?\n\nDocument - Rest breaks at work:\n## Overview\n\nWorkers over 18 are usually entitled to 3 types of break - rest breaks at work, daily rest and weekly rest.\n\n## Rest breaks at work\n\nWorkers have the right to one uninterrupted 20 minute rest break during their working day, if they work more than 6 hours a day. This could be a tea or lunch break.\n\nThe break doesn\u2019t have to be paid - it depends on their employment contract.\n\n## Daily rest\n\nWorkers have the right to 11 hours rest between working days, eg if they finish work at 8pm, they shouldn\u2019t start work again until 7am the next day.\n\n## Weekly rest\n\nWorkers have the right to either:\n\n- an uninterrupted 24 hours without any work each week\n\n- an uninterrupted 48 hours without any work each fortnight\n\nA worker\u2019s employment contract may say they\u2019re entitled to more or different rights to breaks from work.\n\n## Work that puts health and safety at risk\n\nAn employer should give an employee enough breaks to make sure their health and safety isn\u2019t at risk if that work is \u2018monotonous\u2019 (eg work on a production line).\n\nDomestic workers in a private house (eg a cleaner or au pair) aren\u2019t entitled to rest breaks for health and safety reasons.\n\n## Taking breaks\n\nEmployers can say when employees take rest breaks during work time as long as:\n\n- the break is taken in one go somewhere in the middle of the day (not at the beginning or end)\n\n- workers are allowed to spend it away from their desk or workstation (ie away from where they actually work)\n\nIt doesn\u2019t count as a rest break if an employer says an employee should go back to work before their break is finished.\n\nUnless a worker\u2019s employment contract says so, they don\u2019t have the right to:\n\n- take smoking breaks\n\n- get paid for rest breaks\n\n## Exceptions and special circumstances\n\nThere are exemptions to the rights to rest breaks.\n\nSome workers are entitled to compensatory rest breaks, eg shift workers.\n\nYoung people and lorry and coach drivers have different rights to rest breaks.\n\n## Compensatory rest\n\nWorkers may be entitled to \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 if they don\u2019t have the right to specific rest breaks. Compensatory rest breaks are the same length of time as the break (or part of it) that they\u2019ve missed.\n\nA worker may be entitled to compensatory rest if:\n\n- they\u2019re a shift worker and can\u2019t take daily or weekly rest breaks between ending one shift and starting another\n\n- their workplace is a long way from their home (eg an oil rig)\n\n- they work in different places which are a reasonable distance from each other\n\n- they\u2019re doing security and surveillance-based work\n\n- they\u2019re working in an industry which is very busy at certain times of the year \u2013 like agriculture, retail, postal services or tourism\n\n- they need to work because there\u2019s an exceptional event, an accident or a risk that an accident is about to happen\n\n- the job needs round-the-clock staffing so there aren\u2019t interruptions to any services or production (eg hospital work)\n\n- they work in the rail industry on board trains or their job is linked to making sure trains run on time\n\n- their working day is split up (eg they\u2019re a cleaner and work for part of the morning and the evening)\n\n- there is an agreement between management, trade unions or the workforce (a \u2018collective\u2019 or \u2018workforce\u2019 agreement) that has changed or removed rights to these rest breaks for a group of workers\n\nThe total rest entitlement for a week is 90 hours a week on average - this doesn\u2019t include breaks at work, which are additional.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nWorkers aren\u2019t entitled to the 3 general types of rest break if they work in:\n\n- the armed forces, emergency services or police and they\u2019re dealing with an exceptional catastrophe or disaster\n\n- a job where they freely choose what hours they work (like a managing director) or where the work is not measured (ie no set hours)\n\n- sea transport\n\n- air or road transport (known as \u2018mobile\u2019 workers)\n\nAir, sea or road transport workers may be covered by special rules that give them different rest rights.\n\nMobile workers not covered by any special rules usually have the right to regular rest so that their health and safety (or anyone else\u2019s) isn\u2019t put at risk.\n\nThere are also special rules for young workers and for lorry and coach drivers.\n\n## Young workers\n\nYoung workers (above school leaving age and under 18) are usually entitled to:\n\n- a 30 minute rest break if they work more than 4.5 hours (if possible this should be one continuous break)\n\n- daily rest of 12 hours\n\n- weekly rest of 48 hours\n\n## Exceptions for young workers\n\nYoung workers sometimes aren\u2019t entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work if their work has to be done because of an exceptional event (eg an accident). This is only where:\n\n- there isn\u2019t a worker over 18 who can do the work\n\n- the work is temporary and must be done immediately\n\n## Compensatory rest for young workers\n\nYoung workers have the right to compensatory rest if they\u2019re not entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work. This is the same amount of rest that they should have had. It can be taken just after any rest they\u2019ve missed but it must be taken within the following 3 weeks.\n\n## Disputes\n\nWorkers who can\u2019t take or aren\u2019t allowed rest breaks should speak to their manager informally.\n\nGet more information for employees who want to raise a grievance or advice for employers on handling grievances if there is a disagreement about rest breaks.\n\nWorkers can also get advice on rest breaks from the Acas helpline.\n\nIf a worker can\u2019t solve a problem, they may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are a supply chain company. We have more than 100 employees. We are planning to extend lunch break from 20 minutes to 45 minutes", + "original_question": "Do we have to pay them for the break. Is it mandatory ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-674", + "question": "Scenario: I need to setup payroll for my new employee. This is my first employee, and I have never setup payroll before. I do not know whether I am allowed to do this myself.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to use a payroll provider to run my payroll?\n\nDocument - PAYE and payroll for employers:\n## Introduction to PAYE\n\nAs an employer, you normally have to operate PAYE as part of your payroll. PAYE is HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) system to collect Income Tax and National Insurance from employment.\n\nYou do not need to register for PAYE if none of your employees are paid \u00a3120 or more a week, get expenses and benefits, have another job or get a pension. However, you must keep payroll records.\n\n## Payments and deductions\n\nWhen paying your employees through payroll you also need to make deductions for PAYE.\n\n## Payments to your employees\n\nPayments to your employees include their salary or wages, as well as things like any tips or bonuses, or statutory sick or maternity pay.\n\n## Deductions from their pay\n\nFrom these payments, you\u2019ll need to deduct tax and National Insurance for most employees. Other deductions you may need to make include student loan repayments or pension contributions.\n\n## Reporting to and paying HMRC\n\n## Reporting pay and deductions\n\nIf you run payroll yourself, you\u2019ll need to report your employees\u2019 payments and deductions to HMRC on or before each payday.\n\nYour payroll software will work out how much tax and National Insurance you owe, including an employer\u2019s National Insurance contribution on each employee\u2019s earnings above \u00a3170 a week.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send another report to claim any reduction on what you owe HMRC, for example for statutory pay.\n\n## Paying HMRC\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to view what you owe HMRC, based on your reports. You then have to pay HMRC, usually every month.\n\nIf you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.\n\n## Other things to report\n\nAs part of your regular reports, you should tell HMRC when a new employee joins and if an employee\u2019s circumstances change, for example they reach State Pension age or become a director.\n\nYou have to run annual reports at the end of the tax year - including telling HMRC about any expenses or benefits.\n\n## Choose how to run payroll\n\nIf you have to operate PAYE, you can choose how to run your payroll.\n\n## Choose how to run payroll\n\nYou can operate PAYE by either:\n\n- paying a payroll provider to do it for you\n\n- doing it yourself using payroll software\n\n## Paying a payroll provider\n\nIf you decide to pay a payroll provider (for example, a bureau or accountant) to run your payroll, you\u2019ll need to consider how much support you\u2019ll need.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for collecting and keeping records of your employee\u2019s details. Your payroll provider will need these to run payroll for you.\n\nSome payroll providers can offer you more support if you need it, for example keeping employee records, providing payslips and making payments to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nAs an employer, you\u2019re legally responsible for completing all PAYE tasks - even if you pay someone else to do them.\n\n## Running payroll yourself\n\nYou need to complete certain tasks to set up payroll and pay your employees for the first time. This includes registering as an employer with HMRC and telling them about your employees.\n\n## Exemptions to online reporting\n\nYou may be exempt from reporting payroll online if:\n\n- you\u2019re prevented from using a computer on religious grounds\n\n- you\u2019re getting care or support services for yourself or a member of your family\n\n- you\u2019re unable to send reports electronically because you\u2019re disabled, elderly or cannot access the internet\n\nHMRC has guidance if you believe you\u2019re exempt and would prefer to report on paper.\n\n## Setting up payroll\n\nIf you decide to run payroll yourself, you need to complete certain tasks to pay your employees for the first time. You can choose when and how often to pay your employees.\n\n- Register as an employer with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and get a login for PAYE Online.\n\n- Choose payroll software to record employee\u2019s details, calculate pay and deductions, and report to HMRC.\n\n- Collect and keep records.\n\n- Tell HMRC about your employees.\n\n- Record pay, make deductions and report to HMRC on or before the first payday.\n\n- Pay HMRC the tax and National Insurance you owe.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to complete certain annual reports and tasks to prepare for the next tax year, which starts on 6 April.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou must collect and keep records of:\n\n- what you pay your employees and the deductions you make\n\n- reports you make to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- payments you make to HMRC\n\n- employee leave and sickness absences\n\n- tax code notices\n\n- taxable expenses or benefits\n\n- Payroll Giving Scheme documents, including the agency contract and employee authorisation forms\n\nYour records must show you\u2019ve reported accurately, and you need to keep them for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to. HMRC may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\nThere are different rules for keeping records to prove you have paid the correct minimum wage.\n\nIf you do not keep full records, HMRC may estimate what you have to pay and charge you a penalty of up to \u00a33,000.\n\n## If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed\n\nTell HMRC as soon as possible if you do not have records and cannot replace them. You must also do your best to recreate them - HMRC may be able to help if you\u2019re not sure how much you paid your employees.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if your final payroll report of the tax year includes figures that are:\n\n- estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final\n\n- provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with actual figures\n\n## Data protection\n\nYou must follow rules on data protection if your business stores or uses personal information.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I need to setup payroll for my new employee. This is my first employee, and I have never setup payroll before. I do not know whether I am allowed to do this myself.", + "original_question": "Do I have to use a payroll provider to run my payroll?" + }, + { + "id": "train-676", + "question": "Scenario: I am a business owner. I have recently had an employee request shared parental leave. I have never dealt with this before, and I do not know the requirements.\n\nQuestion: Are there eligibility requirements for shared parental leave?\n\nDocument - Shared Parental Leave and Pay: employer guide:\n## Overview\n\nEmployees may be able to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP) if they\u2019ve had a baby or adopted a child.\n\nEmployees can start SPL if they\u2019re eligible and they or their partner end their maternity or adoption leave or pay early. The remaining leave will be available as SPL. The remaining pay may be available as ShPP.\n\nEmployees can take SPL in up to 3 separate blocks. They can also share the leave with their partner if they\u2019re also eligible. Parents can choose how much of the SPL each of them will take.\n\nSPL and ShPP must be taken between the baby\u2019s birth and first birthday (or within 1 year of adoption).\n\nSPL and ShPP are only available in England, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nSometimes only one parent in a couple will be eligible to get Shared Parental Leave (SPL) and Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). This means that they cannot share the leave.\n\nIf your employee is eligible then they can use SPL to book their leave in separate blocks.\n\n## Shared Parental Leave\n\nTo qualify for SPL, your employee must share responsibility for the child with one of the following:\n\n- their husband, wife, civil partner or joint adopter\n\n- the child\u2019s other parent\n\n- their partner (if they live with them)\n\nYour employee or their partner must be eligible for maternity pay or leave, adoption pay or leave or Maternity Allowance.\n\nThey must also:\n\n- still be employed by you while they take SPL\n\n- give you the correct notice including a declaration that their partner meets the employment and income requirements which allow your employee to get SPL\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day of the \u2018qualifying week\u2019, or the week they are matched with a child for adoption in the UK\n\nThe \u2018qualifying week\u2019 is the 15th week before the baby is due.\n\n## Statutory Shared Parental Pay\n\nThey can get ShPP if they\u2019re an employee and one of the following applies:\n\n- they\u2019re eligible for Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) or Statutory Adoption Pay (SAP)\n\n- they\u2019re eligible for Statutory Paternity Pay (SPP) and their partner is eligible for SMP, Maternity Allowance (MA) or SAP\n\nThey can also get ShPP if they\u2019re a worker and they\u2019re eligible for SMP or SPP.\n\n## Refusing SPL or ShPP\n\nYou can refuse SPL or ShPP if the employee does not qualify.\n\nYou must tell the employee the reason if you refuse ShPP. You do not have to give a reason for refusing SPL.\n\n## Entitlement\n\nIf an employee is eligible and they or their partner end maternity or adoption leave and pay (or Maternity Allowance) early, then they can:\n\n- take the rest of the 52 weeks of leave (up to a maximum of 50 weeks) as Shared Parental Leave (SPL)\n\n- take the rest of the 39 weeks of pay (up to a maximum of 37 weeks) as Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP)\n\nA mother must take a minimum of 2 weeks\u2019 maternity leave following the birth (4 if she works in a factory).\n\nShPP is paid at the rate of \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of an employee\u2019s average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.\n\n## Starting Shared Parental Leave\n\nFor Shared Parental Leave (SPL) to start, the mother or adopter must do one of the following:\n\n- end their maternity or adoption leave by returning to work\n\n- give you \u2018binding notice\u2019 (a decision that cannot normally be changed) of the date when they\u2019ll end their maternity or adoption leave\n\n- end maternity pay or Maternity Allowance (if they\u2019re not entitled to maternity leave, for example they\u2019re an agency worker or self-employed)\n\nA mother must take a minimum of 2 weeks\u2019 maternity leave following the birth (4 if she works in a factory).\n\nThe adoptive parent getting Statutory Adoption Pay must take at least 2 weeks\u2019 adoption leave. They can take it from the day of the placement, or up to 14 days before the placement starts.\n\nThe mother must give you notice (at least 8 weeks) to end her maternity pay, or tell Jobcentre Plus to end her Maternity Allowance. Adopters must give you notice to end adoption pay.\n\nSPL can start for the partner while the mother or adopter is still on maternity or adoption leave if she\u2019s given binding notice to end her leave (or pay if she\u2019s not entitled to leave).\n\n## What the employee must do\n\nThe employee must give you written notice if they want to start SPL or Statutory Shared Parental Pay (ShPP). They can do this using forms created by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas).\n\nAfter receiving this notice, you can ask for:\n\n- a copy of the child\u2019s birth certificate\n\n- the name and address of their partner\u2019s employer\n\nYou have 14 days to ask for this information. Your employee then has a further 14 days to provide it.\n\n## Notice period\n\nAn employee must give at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice of any leave they wish to take. If the child is born more than 8 weeks early, this notice period can be shorter.\n\nYour employee has a statutory right to a maximum of 3 separate blocks of leave, although you can allow more if you wish.\n\n## Cancelling the decision to end maternity or adoption leave\n\nThe mother or adopter may be able to change their decision to end maternity or adoption leave early if both:\n\n- the planned end date has not passed\n\n- they have not already returned to work\n\nOne of the following must also apply:\n\n- it\u2019s discovered during the 8-week notice period that neither partner is eligible for either SPL or ShPP\n\n- the employee\u2019s partner has died\n\n- it\u2019s less than 6 weeks after the birth (and the mother gave notice before the birth)\n\n## Shared parental leave in touch (SPLIT) days\n\nYour employee can work up to 20 days during SPL without bringing it to an end. These are called \u2018shared parental leave in touch\u2019 (or SPLIT) days.\n\nThese days are in addition to the 10 \u2018keeping in touch\u2019 (or KIT) days already available to those on maternity or adoption leave.\n\nKeeping in touch days are optional - both you and your employee must agree to them.\n\n## Blocks of leave\n\nAn employee taking Shared Parental Leave (SPL) can split their leave into up to 3 separate blocks instead of taking it all in one go, even if they are not sharing the leave with their partner.\n\nIf both parents are taking SPL then they can take their leave at the same time as each other or at different times.\n\nThe employee must give you at least 8 weeks\u2019 notice before a block of leave begins.\n\n## Splitting blocks\n\nIf you agree, the employee can split a block of leave into shorter periods of at least a week. For example they could work every other week during a 12-week block, using a total of 6 weeks of their SPL.\n\nYou cannot turn down a request for a block of leave if the employee is eligible and gives you the right notice. You do not have to agree to the employee breaking the block of leave into shorter periods.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- the evidence provided by the employee to show that they\u2019re eligible for ShPP\n\n- the date ShPP began\n\n- your ShPP payments (including dates)\n\n- the ShPP you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\nYou must keep records for at least 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/shared-parental-leave-and-pay-employer-guide", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a business owner. I have recently had an employee request shared parental leave. I have never dealt with this before, and I do not know the requirements.", + "original_question": "Are there eligibility requirements for shared parental leave?" + }, + { + "id": "train-678", + "question": "Scenario: I will be studying in Spain for three quarters of my course's length. This is a compulsory part of my course. My permanent address is in central London. I am currently looking for travel grants.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible for a travel grant?\n\nDocument - Studying abroad: travel grants for students (England):\n## Overview\n\nYou may get a grant to cover some of your travel expenses if you normally live in England and:\n\n- you\u2019re studying abroad as part of your course, or on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement\n\n- you\u2019re a medical or dental student studying abroad or attending a clinical placement in the UK\n\nYou do not have to pay back a travel grant. There are rules on eligibility and how much you\u2019ll get.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re a student from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe amount you get depends on your total household income. This means your income, if you have one, combined with that of your parents or guardians, or spouse or partner if you live with them. Do not count income from other family members you live with.\n\nYou must pay the \ufb01rst \u00a3303 of your travel costs - and your travel grant will be reduced by \u00a31 for each \u00a38.73 of household income over \u00a339,796.\n\nKeep your travel costs as low as possible without being impractical.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- up to 3 return journeys between your home and the overseas institution during a full academic year abroad\n\n- help with essential expenses, medical insurance and travel visas\n\nYou may be able to apply for your children\u2019s travel costs if you\u2019re a single parent.\n\n## Medical or dental students doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nYou can apply for travel costs between your home and the hospital or facility where you\u2019re doing your placement.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour permanent home address must be in England.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\nYou must attend an overseas institution for at least half of each academic term. This period of study can be compulsory or optional.\n\nYou can also get a travel grant if you\u2019re on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement. Other work placements do not count.\n\n## If you\u2019re doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nThe placement must be an essential part of your medical or dental course. You will not get a travel grant if you\u2019re eligible for means-tested bursaries or awards from the Department of Health.\n\nYou can apply if you get student \ufb01nance that depends on your household income, for example a Maintenance Loan or Maintenance Grant.\n\n## How to apply\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\n- Apply for student finance for your study abroad using your student finance account. You can register and set up an account if you do not already have one.\n\n- You\u2019ll then receive a course abroad form.\n\n- Once you\u2019ve filled in and returned the form, you\u2019ll automatically receive a travel grant form if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nKeep all receipts for any expenses you want to apply for - you\u2019ll need to send copies when you apply.\n\nThe money will be paid direct into your bank account.\n\n## If you\u2019re doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nAfter applying for student finance for clinical study you\u2019ll automatically receive a travel grant form if you\u2019re eligible.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I will be studying in Spain for three quarters of my course's length. This is a compulsory part of my course. My permanent address is in central London. I am currently looking for travel grants.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible for a travel grant?" + }, + { + "id": "train-682", + "question": "Scenario: I am on a full time employment. I am in the current employment for 50 weeks now. Recently for some personal reason. I have a situation to work flexible hours rather than usual 9 to 5\n\nQuestion: Do I have rights to request for flexible working ?\n\nDocument - Flexible working:\n## Overview\n\nFlexible working is a way of working that suits an employee\u2019s needs, for example having flexible start and finish times, or working from home.\n\nFlexible working rules are different in Northern Ireland.\n\nAll employees have the legal right to request flexible working - not just parents and carers.\n\nThis is known as \u2018making a statutory application\u2019.\n\nEmployees must have worked for the same employer for at least 26 weeks to be eligible.\n\n## What employers must do\n\nEmployers must deal with requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\nExamples of handling requests in a reasonable manner include:\n\n- assessing the advantages and disadvantages of the application\n\n- holding a meeting to discuss the request with the employee\n\n- offering an appeal process\n\nIf an employer does not handle a request in a reasonable manner, the employee can take them to an employment tribunal.\n\nAn employer can refuse an application if they have a good business reason for doing so.\n\n## Types of flexible working\n\nThere are different ways of working flexibly.\n\n## Job sharing\n\nTwo people do one job and split the hours.\n\n## Working from home\n\nIt might be possible to do some or all of the work from home or anywhere else other than the normal place of work.\n\n## Part time\n\nWorking less than full-time hours (usually by working fewer days).\n\n## Compressed hours\n\nWorking full-time hours but over fewer days.\n\n## Flexitime\n\nThe employee chooses when to start and end work (within agreed limits) but works certain \u2018core hours\u2019, for example 10am to 4pm every day.\n\n## Annualised hours\n\nThe employee has to work a certain number of hours over the year but they have some flexibility about when they work. There are sometimes \u2018core hours\u2019 which the employee regularly works each week, and they work the rest of their hours flexibly or when there\u2019s extra demand at work.\n\n## Staggered hours\n\nThe employee has different start, finish and break times from other workers.\n\n## Phased retirement\n\nDefault retirement age has been phased out and older workers can choose when they want to retire. This means they can reduce their hours and work part time.\n\n## Applying for flexible working\n\nEmployees can apply for flexible working if they\u2019ve worked continuously for the same employer for the last 26 weeks. It\u2019s known as \u2018making a statutory application.\u2019\n\nThe basic steps are:\n\n- The employee writes to the employer.\n\n- The employer considers the request and makes a decision within 3 months - or longer if agreed with the employee.\n\n- If the employer agrees to the request, they must change the terms and conditions in the employee\u2019s contract.\n\n- If the employer disagrees, they must write to the employee giving the business reasons for the refusal. The employee may be able to complain to an employment tribunal.\n\nEmployees can only make one application for flexible working a year.\n\n## Writing to the employer\n\nAn employee should email or write a letter to their employer.\n\nEmployers may ask employees to use a standard form to make an application.\n\n## What the email or letter must include\n\nThe application must include:\n\n- the date\n\n- a statement that this is a statutory request\n\n- details of how the employee wants to work flexibly and when they want to start\n\n- an explanation of how they think flexible working might affect the business and how this could be dealt with, for example if they\u2019re not at work on certain days\n\n- a statement saying if and when they\u2019ve made a previous application\n\n## Withdrawing an application\n\nEmployees should tell their employer in writing if they want to withdraw their application.\n\nThe employer can treat an application as withdrawn if the employee misses 2 meetings to discuss an application or appeal without good reason, for example sickness.\n\nThe employer must tell the employee they are treating the request as withdrawn.\n\n## After the application\n\nEmployers must consider flexible working requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\nThey should usually make a decision within 3 months of the request (or longer if agreed with the employee).\n\n## Agreeing the application\n\nThe employer should write to the employee with:\n\n- a statement of the agreed changes\n\n- a start date for flexible working\n\nThey should also change the employee\u2019s contract to include the new terms and conditions.\n\nThis should be done as soon as possible but no later than 28 days after the request was approved.\n\n## Rejecting an application\n\nThe employer must tell the employee that they\u2019ve rejected the application.\n\n## Reasons for rejecting\n\nEmployers can reject an application for any of the following reasons:\n\n- extra costs that will damage the business\n\n- the work cannot be reorganised among other staff\n\n- people cannot be recruited to do the work\n\n- flexible working will affect quality and performance\n\n- the business will not be able to meet customer demand\n\n- there\u2019s a lack of work to do during the proposed working times\n\n- the business is planning changes to the workforce\n\n## Appeals\n\nEmployees no longer have a statutory right to an appeal.\n\nBut offering an appeals process helps to demonstrate that the employer is handling requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nThe employee must follow the company\u2019s procedures for appealing.\n\nThe employee or employer should follow the company\u2019s procedures for solving a workplace dispute if a rejected application causes problems.\n\n## Going to an employment tribunal\n\nEmployees can complain to an employment tribunal if the employer:\n\n- did not handle the request in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019\n\n- wrongly treated the employee\u2019s application as withdrawn\n\n- dismissed or treated an employee poorly because of their flexible working request, for example refused a promotion or pay rise\n\n- rejected an application based on incorrect facts\n\nEmployees cannot complain to a tribunal just because their flexible working request was rejected.\n\nAn employee should complain to the tribunal within 3 months of:\n\n- hearing their employer\u2019s decision\n\n- hearing their request was treated as withdrawn\n\n- the date the employer should have responded to their request (but failed to do so)\n\nIf an employer or employee is unsure of their rights, they should get legal advice.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/flexible-working", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am on a full time employment. I am in the current employment for 50 weeks now. Recently for some personal reason. I have a situation to work flexible hours rather than usual 9 to 5", + "original_question": "Do I have rights to request for flexible working ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-683", + "question": "Scenario: I am on a full time employment and I had a situation to request to work from home from my employer. I made an application but my situation has now changed\n\nQuestion: Can I withdraw my application after applying ?\n\nDocument - Flexible working:\n## Overview\n\nFlexible working is a way of working that suits an employee\u2019s needs, for example having flexible start and finish times, or working from home.\n\nFlexible working rules are different in Northern Ireland.\n\nAll employees have the legal right to request flexible working - not just parents and carers.\n\nThis is known as \u2018making a statutory application\u2019.\n\nEmployees must have worked for the same employer for at least 26 weeks to be eligible.\n\n## What employers must do\n\nEmployers must deal with requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\nExamples of handling requests in a reasonable manner include:\n\n- assessing the advantages and disadvantages of the application\n\n- holding a meeting to discuss the request with the employee\n\n- offering an appeal process\n\nIf an employer does not handle a request in a reasonable manner, the employee can take them to an employment tribunal.\n\nAn employer can refuse an application if they have a good business reason for doing so.\n\n## Types of flexible working\n\nThere are different ways of working flexibly.\n\n## Job sharing\n\nTwo people do one job and split the hours.\n\n## Working from home\n\nIt might be possible to do some or all of the work from home or anywhere else other than the normal place of work.\n\n## Part time\n\nWorking less than full-time hours (usually by working fewer days).\n\n## Compressed hours\n\nWorking full-time hours but over fewer days.\n\n## Flexitime\n\nThe employee chooses when to start and end work (within agreed limits) but works certain \u2018core hours\u2019, for example 10am to 4pm every day.\n\n## Annualised hours\n\nThe employee has to work a certain number of hours over the year but they have some flexibility about when they work. There are sometimes \u2018core hours\u2019 which the employee regularly works each week, and they work the rest of their hours flexibly or when there\u2019s extra demand at work.\n\n## Staggered hours\n\nThe employee has different start, finish and break times from other workers.\n\n## Phased retirement\n\nDefault retirement age has been phased out and older workers can choose when they want to retire. This means they can reduce their hours and work part time.\n\n## Applying for flexible working\n\nEmployees can apply for flexible working if they\u2019ve worked continuously for the same employer for the last 26 weeks. It\u2019s known as \u2018making a statutory application.\u2019\n\nThe basic steps are:\n\n- The employee writes to the employer.\n\n- The employer considers the request and makes a decision within 3 months - or longer if agreed with the employee.\n\n- If the employer agrees to the request, they must change the terms and conditions in the employee\u2019s contract.\n\n- If the employer disagrees, they must write to the employee giving the business reasons for the refusal. The employee may be able to complain to an employment tribunal.\n\nEmployees can only make one application for flexible working a year.\n\n## Writing to the employer\n\nAn employee should email or write a letter to their employer.\n\nEmployers may ask employees to use a standard form to make an application.\n\n## What the email or letter must include\n\nThe application must include:\n\n- the date\n\n- a statement that this is a statutory request\n\n- details of how the employee wants to work flexibly and when they want to start\n\n- an explanation of how they think flexible working might affect the business and how this could be dealt with, for example if they\u2019re not at work on certain days\n\n- a statement saying if and when they\u2019ve made a previous application\n\n## Withdrawing an application\n\nEmployees should tell their employer in writing if they want to withdraw their application.\n\nThe employer can treat an application as withdrawn if the employee misses 2 meetings to discuss an application or appeal without good reason, for example sickness.\n\nThe employer must tell the employee they are treating the request as withdrawn.\n\n## After the application\n\nEmployers must consider flexible working requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\nThey should usually make a decision within 3 months of the request (or longer if agreed with the employee).\n\n## Agreeing the application\n\nThe employer should write to the employee with:\n\n- a statement of the agreed changes\n\n- a start date for flexible working\n\nThey should also change the employee\u2019s contract to include the new terms and conditions.\n\nThis should be done as soon as possible but no later than 28 days after the request was approved.\n\n## Rejecting an application\n\nThe employer must tell the employee that they\u2019ve rejected the application.\n\n## Reasons for rejecting\n\nEmployers can reject an application for any of the following reasons:\n\n- extra costs that will damage the business\n\n- the work cannot be reorganised among other staff\n\n- people cannot be recruited to do the work\n\n- flexible working will affect quality and performance\n\n- the business will not be able to meet customer demand\n\n- there\u2019s a lack of work to do during the proposed working times\n\n- the business is planning changes to the workforce\n\n## Appeals\n\nEmployees no longer have a statutory right to an appeal.\n\nBut offering an appeals process helps to demonstrate that the employer is handling requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nThe employee must follow the company\u2019s procedures for appealing.\n\nThe employee or employer should follow the company\u2019s procedures for solving a workplace dispute if a rejected application causes problems.\n\n## Going to an employment tribunal\n\nEmployees can complain to an employment tribunal if the employer:\n\n- did not handle the request in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019\n\n- wrongly treated the employee\u2019s application as withdrawn\n\n- dismissed or treated an employee poorly because of their flexible working request, for example refused a promotion or pay rise\n\n- rejected an application based on incorrect facts\n\nEmployees cannot complain to a tribunal just because their flexible working request was rejected.\n\nAn employee should complain to the tribunal within 3 months of:\n\n- hearing their employer\u2019s decision\n\n- hearing their request was treated as withdrawn\n\n- the date the employer should have responded to their request (but failed to do so)\n\nIf an employer or employee is unsure of their rights, they should get legal advice.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/flexible-working", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am on a full time employment and I had a situation to request to work from home from my employer. I made an application but my situation has now changed", + "original_question": "Can I withdraw my application after applying ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-685", + "question": "Scenario: I am a prospective medical student from Manchester with a low household income. I am currently applying for places on medical courses at different universities in England.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to wait until I have an offer from a university before I apply for an NHS bursary?\n\nDocument - NHS bursaries:\n## Overview\n\nWhat you can apply for depends on when your course starts and what you\u2019re studying. You do not have to pay your NHS bursary back.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for a bursary you may still be eligible for student finance.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor or dentist.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying a pre-registration postgraduate healthcare course, you may still be eligible for student finance.\n\n## If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor, dentist, dental hygienist or dental therapist.\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2017\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying a dental, medical or healthcare course in England.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:\n\n- a bursary from the NHS\n\n- a \u00a31,000 grant from the NHS\n\n- a reduced Maintenance Loan from Student Finance England\n\nIf you\u2019re an eligible part-time student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:\n\n- a reduced bursary from the NHS\n\n- a reduced grant from the NHS\n\nThe amount you get depends on the length of your course.\n\n## Tuition fees\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for an NHS bursary, the NHS pays your standard tuition fees. Your course tuition fees are paid directly to your university.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying a graduate-entry accelerated medical or dental programme, you can get some of your tuition costs paid with an NHS bursary in years 2 to 4 of your programme.\n\n- \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n- \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2018 to 2019 academic year\n\n## Bursary\n\nYour bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.\n\nIf you started a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE) Nursing or Operating Department Practitioner course before 1 September 2012, you\u2019ll receive a basic bursary which does not depend on your household income.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying to become a doctor or dentist, you can apply for an NHS bursary from your second year for graduate entry programmes or from your fifth year for undergraduate programmes.\n\n## Grant\n\nYou\u2019ll get a fixed amount of \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting your course on or after 1 September 2012. You\u2019ll get a reduced amount if you\u2019re a part-time student.\n\nYou must apply for an NHS bursary to get the grant.\n\n## Maintenance Loan\n\nYou\u2019ll get a reduced Maintenance Loan. The amount you get depends on:\n\n- where you live and study\n\n- whether you\u2019re in the final year of your course (when you get less)\n\nCurrent rates for the 2018 to 2019 academic year are:\n\n- \u00a33,263 for students studying in London and living away from home\n\n- \u00a32,324 for students studying outside London and away from home\n\n- \u00a31,744 for students living at home\n\nCurrent rates for the 2019 to 2020 academic year are:\n\n- \u00a33,354 for students studying in London and living away from home\n\n- \u00a32,389 for students studying outside London and away from home\n\n- \u00a31,793 for students living at home\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nThe NHS bursary is paid into your bank account in 12 equal monthly instalments.\n\nThe Maintenance Loan is usually paid into your bank account at the beginning of each term.\n\n## If you\u2019re disabled or have children\n\nYou may get extra help if you:\n\n- have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty\n\n- have dependants\n\nFind out what extra help you could get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you can get an NHS bursary depends on:\n\n- where you live\n\n- your course\n\n- your household income\n\n- whether you\u2019ve already had funding\n\n## Where you live\n\nTo be eligible to apply for an NHS bursary you must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 years up to the start of the academic year.\n\nYou may still be eligible if you do not meet the residency requirements - find out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\n## Your course\n\nWhether you\u2019re eligible depends on when your course starts.\n\nYou will not get an NHS bursary if you\u2019re a first level nurse or midwife and you\u2019re registering for a second field in nursing or midwifery.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a doctor or dentist.\n\nYou can apply for an NHS bursary from your 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course.\n\n## If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:\n\n- doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)\n\n- dental hygienist or dental therapist\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2017\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:\n\n- doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)\n\n- chiropodist (including podiatrist), dietician, occupational therapist, orthoptist, physiotherapist, prosthetist, orthotist, radiographer, radiotherapist, audiologist or a speech and language therapist\n\n- dental hygienist or dental therapist\n\n- nurse, midwife or operating department practitioner (degree or diploma course)\n\n## Household income\n\nYour total bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be either your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already had funding\n\nYou may be eligible for an NHS bursary even if you\u2019ve already had public funding for higher education.\n\nIf you\u2019ve had an NHS bursary and want to change professions, you may also be eligible.\n\nFind out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to create a Bursary Online Support System (BOSS) account on the NHS Student Bursaries website to apply for an NHS bursary.\n\nYou must reapply for your bursary every academic year.\n\nThere are different ways to apply if you\u2019re from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## New students\n\nIf you\u2019re entering the first year of your NHS-funded course or, for medical and dental students, your first year of NHS bursary funding, read the guidance for new students.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should wait until you have an offer of a course place from your university or college before you apply for an NHS bursary.\n\nThe date you can apply from usually depends on when your course starts. Check the NHS Student Bursaries website for the latest application dates.\n\n## Documents\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for an NHS bursary for the first time you must provide 2 documents to confirm your identity, one of which must include a photograph of yourself, for example a birth certificate and a valid passport.\n\nYou must send original documents (not photocopies), which NHS Student Bursaries will return to you.\n\n## Continuing students\n\nIf you\u2019ve already had an NHS student bursary for your current course and you\u2019re reapplying for another year, read the guidance for continuing students.\n\n## When to apply\n\nNHS Student Bursaries will send you an email invitation when you can reapply for your bursary. The date your invitation is sent depends on when your next academic year begins. Check the NHS Student Busaries website for the latest invitation dates.\n\nYou must send your application within 6 months of the first day of your academic year.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf your application is approved, NHS Student Bursaries will send you an email when your bursary is available for you to view in your BOSS account.\n\nIf you get an NHS bursary you can apply separately for a reduced rate loan from Student Finance England.\n\n## Contact NHS Student Bursaries\n\nContact NHS Student Bursaries if you need help with your application.\n\n## Extra financial help\n\nIn addition to the NHS bursary you may also be able to apply for extra help if:\n\n- you have children\n\n- you have adult dependants\n\n- you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty\n\n- you do a practice placement\n\n- your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the academic year\n\nFind out more about extra help on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Dependants\u2019 Allowance\n\nYou may get this if you have adults or children who are financially dependent on you when you\u2019re training.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\nApply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance through your BOSS account.\n\n## Childcare Allowance\n\nYou must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance before you can apply for Childcare Allowance.\n\nYou may be able to get the NHS Bursary Childcare Allowance if you have dependent children.\n\nHow much you get depends on your circumstances and your household income.\n\nYou cannot get this if you\u2019re not entitled to the NHS bursary (known as a \u2018Fees Only award\u2019).\n\nTo qualify:\n\n- you must use a registered childcare provider\n\n- your children must be under 15 on the first day of the academic year (or under 17 if they have special educational needs)\n\nThe allowance pays 85% of the gross actual cost up to:\n\n- \u00a3128.78 a week for 1 child\n\n- \u00a3191.45 a week for 2 or more children\n\nApply for Childcare Allowance via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Parent Learning Allowance\n\nYou must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance first. If this includes a dependent child, you\u2019re automatically assessed for Parent Learning Allowance.\n\nYou can claim up to \u00a31,204 per academic year.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\n## Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances\n\nYou can get this if you have to pay extra costs because of a:\n\n- physical disability\n\n- long-term health condition\n\n- mental-health difficulty\n\n- specific learning difficulty like dyslexia\n\nYou need to give up-to-date medical evidence of the nature and severity of your disability from a qualified professional.\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a320,725 for a helper\n\n- \u00a35,214 for specialist equipment for the whole course\n\n- \u00a31,741 for other costs\n\nApply for Disabled Students Allowance through your BOSS account.\n\n## Practice placement expenses\n\nIf you do a practice placement you may be able to claim travel costs if:\n\n- your practice placement is in a hospital or community health centre and not at your university\n\n- it costs you more to travel to your placement than it costs to travel to university\n\nClaim practice placement expenses via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Extra Weeks Allowance\n\nIf your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the 2016 to 2017 academic year you may be entitled to Extra Weeks Allowance:\n\n| Where you study and live | Allowance |\n\n| In London | \u00a3108 per week |\n\n| Outside London | \u00a384 per additional week |\n\n| With your parents | \u00a356 per additional week |\n\nYour Extra Weeks Allowance is calculated automatically during the application process.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/nhs-bursaries", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a prospective medical student from Manchester with a low household income. I am currently applying for places on medical courses at different universities in England.", + "original_question": "Do I have to wait until I have an offer from a university before I apply for an NHS bursary?" + }, + { + "id": "train-687", + "question": "Scenario: I have been ill with a bad headache over the past two days. I have missed these two work days. My employer has told me that I will need to take annual leave to cover these days.\n\nQuestion: Is my employer allowed to decide when I can take my annual leave?\n\nDocument - Holiday entitlement:\n## Entitlement\n\nAlmost all workers are legally entitled to 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday a year (known as statutory leave entitlement or annual leave).\n\nThis includes:\n\n- agency workers\n\n- workers with irregular hours\n\n- workers on zero-hours contracts\n\nAn employer can include bank holidays as part of statutory annual leave.\n\nCoronavirus (COVID-19) does not affect workers\u2019 entitlement to holiday pay and leave, except for carrying over leave.\n\n## Statutory annual leave entitlement\n\nMost workers who work a 5-day week must receive at least 28 days\u2019 paid annual leave a year. This is the equivalent of 5.6 weeks of holiday.\n\n## Working part-time\n\nPart-time workers are entitled to at least 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday, but this will amount to fewer than 28 days.\n\nFor example, if they work 3 days a week, they must get at least 16.8 days\u2019 leave a year (3 \u00d7 5.6).\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out a part-time worker\u2019s leave.\n\n## Irregular hours\n\nPeople working irregular hours (like shift workers or term-time workers) are entitled to paid time off for every hour they work.\n\nThey might find it helpful to get an estimate of holiday entitlement by calculating leave based on days or hours worked in an average week.\n\n## Limits on statutory leave\n\nStatutory paid holiday entitlement is limited to 28 days. For example, staff working 6 days a week are only entitled to 28 days\u2019 paid holiday.\n\n## Bank holidays\n\nBank or public holidays do not have to be given as paid leave.\n\nAn employer can choose to include bank holidays as part of a worker\u2019s statutory annual leave.\n\n## Extra leave\n\nAn employer can choose to offer more leave than the legal minimum. They do not have to apply all the rules that apply to statutory leave to the extra leave. For example, a worker might need to be employed for a certain amount of time before they become entitled to it.\n\n## Other aspects of holiday entitlement\n\nWorkers have the right to:\n\n- get paid for leave\n\n- build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday entitlement during maternity, paternity and adoption leave\n\n- build up holiday entitlement while off work sick\n\n- request holiday at the same time as sick leave\n\n## Disputes\n\nPaid annual leave is a legal right that an employer must provide. If a worker thinks their right to leave and pay are not being met there are a number of ways to resolve the dispute.\n\n## Calculate leave entitlement\n\nAnnual leave begins to build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) as soon as a worker starts their job.\n\nAn employer can use a \u2018leave year\u2019 or an \u2018accrual\u2019 system to work out how much leave their staff should get.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out how much leave someone should get.\n\n## Leave year\n\nAn employer should tell their staff the dates of their statutory leave year as soon as they start working, for example, it might run from 1 January to 31 December.\n\nWorkers must take their statutory leave during this time. If a leave year is not set out in a contract then it will start:\n\n- on the first day of a new job (if started after 1 October 1998)\n\n- on 1 October (if started on or before 1 October 1998)\n\nThe leave year and holiday entitlement is not affected by maternity, paternity or adoption leave. The employee still builds up (\u2018accrues\u2019) holiday over these periods.\n\n## Leave entitlement when starting a new job\n\nIf a worker starts their job part-way through a leave year, they\u2019re only entitled to part of their total annual leave for the current leave year. What they get depends on how much of the year is left.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out how much leave someone has left.\n\n## Accrual system\n\nAn employer can use an accrual system to work out a worker\u2019s leave during the first year of the job. Under this system, a worker gets one-twelfth of their leave in each month.\n\n## Carrying over leave\n\nThe worker\u2019s contract says how many days\u2019 leave they can carry over into the next year.\n\nIf a worker gets 28 days\u2019 leave, they can carry over a maximum of 8 days.\n\nIf a worker gets more than 28 days\u2019 leave, their employer may allow them to carry over any additional untaken leave. Check the employment contract, company handbook or intranet to see what the rules say.\n\n## Leave affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWorkers may be able to carry over untaken leave into the next 2 years if they cannot take it because their work is affected by coronavirus.\n\nThey could do this if, for example:\n\n- they need to provide cover for their co-workers and have no other opportunity to take holiday in their leave year\n\n- there will be staff shortages if too many workers take their leave before the end of the leave year\n\n- they\u2019re classed as critical workers, such as healthcare or supermarket workers\n\nIf a worker is able to take leave, the standard rules for carrying over leave still apply.\n\n## Workers on parental or sick leave\n\nIf a worker cannot take all of their leave entitlement because they\u2019re already on a different type of leave (for example sick, maternity or parental leave), they can carry over some or all of the untaken leave into the next leave year.\n\nAn employer must allow a worker to carry over a maximum of 20 of their 28 days\u2019 leave entitlement if the worker could not take annual leave because they were off sick.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nWorkers are entitled to a week\u2019s pay for each week of statutory leave that they take.\n\nMost workers are entitled to 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday a year. You can use the holiday calculator to work out how much leave someone should get.\n\nA week\u2019s pay is worked out according to the kind of hours someone works and how they\u2019re paid for the hours. This includes full-time, part-time, term-time and casual workers.\n\n| Working pattern | How a week\u2019s pay is calculated |\n\n| Fixed hours and fixed pay (full- or part-time) | A worker\u2019s pay for a week |\n\n| Shift work with fixed hours (full- or part-time) | The average number of weekly fixed hours a worker has worked in the previous 52 weeks, at their average hourly rate |\n\n| No fixed hours (casual work, including zero-hours contracts) | A worker\u2019s average pay from the previous 52 weeks (only counting weeks in which they were paid) |\n\n## Calculating average hourly or weekly rate\n\nTo calculate average hourly rate, only the hours worked and how much was paid for them should be counted. Take the average rate over the last 52 weeks.\n\nA \u2018week\u2019 usually runs from Sunday to Saturday. Only use another 7-day period (like Thursday to Wednesday) if that\u2019s how a worker\u2019s pay is calculated.\n\nIf no pay was paid in any week, count back another week so the rate is based on 52 weeks in which pay was paid. You can count back a maximum of 104 weeks to find these.\n\nIf a worker has less than 52 weeks of pay, use the average pay rate for the full weeks they have worked.\n\n## Workers who are paid monthly\n\nTo work out a week\u2019s pay for someone who\u2019s paid monthly:\n\n- Calculate the worker\u2019s average hourly pay for the last month. Do this by dividing the month\u2019s pay by the number of hours worked in the month.\n\n- Calculate the weekly pay. Do this by multiplying the average hourly pay by the number of hours worked in a week.\n\nUse the weekly pay calculation for each of the last 52 weeks to work out an average week\u2019s pay.\n\n## Rolled-up holiday pay\n\nHoliday pay should be paid for the time when annual leave is taken. An employer cannot include an amount for holiday pay in the hourly rate (known as \u2018rolled-up holiday pay\u2019).\n\nIf a current contract still includes rolled-up pay, it needs to be re-negotiated.\n\n## More information\n\nThere\u2019s guidance for calculating holiday pay for workers without fixed hours or pay, which includes several examples.\n\nYou can also contact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) with questions about general holiday pay issues.\n\n## Booking time off\n\nThe general notice period for taking leave is at least twice as long as the amount of leave a worker wants to take, plus 1 day. For example, a worker would give 3 days\u2019 notice for 1 day\u2019s leave.\n\nAn employer can refuse a leave request or cancel leave but they must give as much notice as the amount of leave requested, plus 1 day. For example, an employer would give 11 days\u2019 notice if the worker asked for 10 days\u2019 leave.\n\nIf the contract says something different about the notice a worker or employer should give, what\u2019s in the contract will apply.\n\nAlthough employers can refuse to give leave at a certain time, they cannot refuse to let workers take the leave at all.\n\n## Part leave days\n\nSome workers may be entitled to a part leave day - for example if they\u2019re part-time or have a half day\u2019s leave to take. How a part day should be taken is up to the employer.\n\n## When leave can and cannot be taken\n\nEmployers can:\n\n- tell their staff to take leave, for example bank holidays or Christmas\n\n- restrict when leave can be taken, for example at certain busy periods\n\nThere may be rules about this in the employment contract or it may be what normally happens in the workplace.\n\nThe notice period for this is at least twice as long as the leave they want their staff to take. The employer must tell the worker before the notice period begins.\n\nIf an employer wants a worker to take leave, they need to make sure that the worker can relax, rest and enjoy leisure during their holiday. For example, an employer cannot force a sick worker to take leave.\n\n## Taking holiday before leaving a job\n\nDuring their notice period the worker may be able to take whatever is left of their statutory annual leave.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work this out. How much they get depends on how much of the holiday year has passed.\n\n## Taking more leave than the entitlement\n\nIf a worker has taken more leave than they\u2019re entitled to, their employer must not take money from their final pay unless it\u2019s been agreed beforehand in writing. The rules in this situation should be outlined in the employment contract, company handbook or intranet.\n\n## Getting paid instead of taking holidays\n\nThe only time someone can get paid in place of taking statutory leave (known as \u2018payment in lieu\u2019) is when they leave their job. Employers must pay for untaken statutory leave, even if the worker is dismissed for gross misconduct.\n\nIf an employer offers more than 5.6 weeks\u2019 annual leave, they can agree separate arrangements for the extra leave.\n\n## Zero-hours contracts\n\nWhen a worker on a zero-hours contract has not worked for 4 weeks, this may be treated as the end of the employment. The employer will usually pay the worker for untaken leave, even if they\u2019re going to offer them more work later.\n\n## Workers on furlough because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWorkers have the right to build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday entitlement while they\u2019re on temporary leave (\u2018furloughed\u2019) because of coronavirus (COVID-19). They can also take leave while on furlough.\n\n## Bank holidays\n\nIf a furloughed worker is not working on a bank holiday they usually take as paid leave, they can agree with their employer to either:\n\n- take it as normal\n\n- take it at a later date\n\nAn employer must give a worker at least 2 days\u2019 notice if they want them to take a bank holiday as paid leave, unless the worker\u2019s employment contract says something different.\n\nThe employer must tell the worker at least one day in advance of giving 2 days\u2019 notice.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nAn employer can continue to claim for a furloughed worker\u2019s wages when the worker takes annual leave.\n\nCalculate holiday pay as normal for any time the worker was furloughed. If the holiday pay turns out to be more than the worker was paid during this time, their employer must pay the difference.\n\n## Agency workers\n\nAgency workers with \u2018worker status\u2019, including those who use an umbrella company, have their usual holiday entitlement when on furlough.\n\nTheir employer can claim a grant to help cover the cost of their wages.\n\nHoliday entitlement for those without worker status remains the same and depends on their contract.\n\nAgency workers may also be able to carry holiday into future leave years.\n\n## More information\n\nThere\u2019s more guidance on holiday entitlement and pay during coronavirus.\nYou can also find out more about holiday entitlement during coronavirus on the Acas website.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been ill with a bad headache over the past two days. I have missed these two work days. My employer has told me that I will need to take annual leave to cover these days.", + "original_question": "Is my employer allowed to decide when I can take my annual leave?" + }, + { + "id": "train-690", + "question": "Scenario: I am an English resident. I have worked for my employer for five years. My normal working location is 9am till 5pm in office, but this is no longer possible for me. I would like more flexible hours and the ability to work from home.\n\nQuestion: Do I have the right to make a statutory application?\n\nDocument - Flexible working:\n## Overview\n\nFlexible working is a way of working that suits an employee\u2019s needs, for example having flexible start and finish times, or working from home.\n\nFlexible working rules are different in Northern Ireland.\n\nAll employees have the legal right to request flexible working - not just parents and carers.\n\nThis is known as \u2018making a statutory application\u2019.\n\nEmployees must have worked for the same employer for at least 26 weeks to be eligible.\n\n## What employers must do\n\nEmployers must deal with requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\nExamples of handling requests in a reasonable manner include:\n\n- assessing the advantages and disadvantages of the application\n\n- holding a meeting to discuss the request with the employee\n\n- offering an appeal process\n\nIf an employer does not handle a request in a reasonable manner, the employee can take them to an employment tribunal.\n\nAn employer can refuse an application if they have a good business reason for doing so.\n\n## Types of flexible working\n\nThere are different ways of working flexibly.\n\n## Job sharing\n\nTwo people do one job and split the hours.\n\n## Working from home\n\nIt might be possible to do some or all of the work from home or anywhere else other than the normal place of work.\n\n## Part time\n\nWorking less than full-time hours (usually by working fewer days).\n\n## Compressed hours\n\nWorking full-time hours but over fewer days.\n\n## Flexitime\n\nThe employee chooses when to start and end work (within agreed limits) but works certain \u2018core hours\u2019, for example 10am to 4pm every day.\n\n## Annualised hours\n\nThe employee has to work a certain number of hours over the year but they have some flexibility about when they work. There are sometimes \u2018core hours\u2019 which the employee regularly works each week, and they work the rest of their hours flexibly or when there\u2019s extra demand at work.\n\n## Staggered hours\n\nThe employee has different start, finish and break times from other workers.\n\n## Phased retirement\n\nDefault retirement age has been phased out and older workers can choose when they want to retire. This means they can reduce their hours and work part time.\n\n## Applying for flexible working\n\nEmployees can apply for flexible working if they\u2019ve worked continuously for the same employer for the last 26 weeks. It\u2019s known as \u2018making a statutory application.\u2019\n\nThe basic steps are:\n\n- The employee writes to the employer.\n\n- The employer considers the request and makes a decision within 3 months - or longer if agreed with the employee.\n\n- If the employer agrees to the request, they must change the terms and conditions in the employee\u2019s contract.\n\n- If the employer disagrees, they must write to the employee giving the business reasons for the refusal. The employee may be able to complain to an employment tribunal.\n\nEmployees can only make one application for flexible working a year.\n\n## Writing to the employer\n\nAn employee should email or write a letter to their employer.\n\nEmployers may ask employees to use a standard form to make an application.\n\n## What the email or letter must include\n\nThe application must include:\n\n- the date\n\n- a statement that this is a statutory request\n\n- details of how the employee wants to work flexibly and when they want to start\n\n- an explanation of how they think flexible working might affect the business and how this could be dealt with, for example if they\u2019re not at work on certain days\n\n- a statement saying if and when they\u2019ve made a previous application\n\n## Withdrawing an application\n\nEmployees should tell their employer in writing if they want to withdraw their application.\n\nThe employer can treat an application as withdrawn if the employee misses 2 meetings to discuss an application or appeal without good reason, for example sickness.\n\nThe employer must tell the employee they are treating the request as withdrawn.\n\n## After the application\n\nEmployers must consider flexible working requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\nThey should usually make a decision within 3 months of the request (or longer if agreed with the employee).\n\n## Agreeing the application\n\nThe employer should write to the employee with:\n\n- a statement of the agreed changes\n\n- a start date for flexible working\n\nThey should also change the employee\u2019s contract to include the new terms and conditions.\n\nThis should be done as soon as possible but no later than 28 days after the request was approved.\n\n## Rejecting an application\n\nThe employer must tell the employee that they\u2019ve rejected the application.\n\n## Reasons for rejecting\n\nEmployers can reject an application for any of the following reasons:\n\n- extra costs that will damage the business\n\n- the work cannot be reorganised among other staff\n\n- people cannot be recruited to do the work\n\n- flexible working will affect quality and performance\n\n- the business will not be able to meet customer demand\n\n- there\u2019s a lack of work to do during the proposed working times\n\n- the business is planning changes to the workforce\n\n## Appeals\n\nEmployees no longer have a statutory right to an appeal.\n\nBut offering an appeals process helps to demonstrate that the employer is handling requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nThe employee must follow the company\u2019s procedures for appealing.\n\nThe employee or employer should follow the company\u2019s procedures for solving a workplace dispute if a rejected application causes problems.\n\n## Going to an employment tribunal\n\nEmployees can complain to an employment tribunal if the employer:\n\n- did not handle the request in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019\n\n- wrongly treated the employee\u2019s application as withdrawn\n\n- dismissed or treated an employee poorly because of their flexible working request, for example refused a promotion or pay rise\n\n- rejected an application based on incorrect facts\n\nEmployees cannot complain to a tribunal just because their flexible working request was rejected.\n\nAn employee should complain to the tribunal within 3 months of:\n\n- hearing their employer\u2019s decision\n\n- hearing their request was treated as withdrawn\n\n- the date the employer should have responded to their request (but failed to do so)\n\nIf an employer or employee is unsure of their rights, they should get legal advice.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/flexible-working", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an English resident. I have worked for my employer for five years. My normal working location is 9am till 5pm in office, but this is no longer possible for me. I would like more flexible hours and the ability to work from home.", + "original_question": "Do I have the right to make a statutory application?" + }, + { + "id": "train-692", + "question": "Scenario: I have been reviewing the contracts of my employees after being told that it was missing information. The employee statement of terms and conditions of employment was missing the contact person for disciplinary appeals. I am concerned other things may be missing.\n\nQuestion: Are there any other things I need to include regarding the appeal process?\n\nDocument - Taking disciplinary action against an employee:\n## Overview\n\nYou should have written disciplinary rules and procedures to deal with employee performance and conduct and you must tell your staff about them.\n\nYour rules must say what is acceptable and unacceptable behaviour in the workplace and what action you will take if the rules are broken.\n\nThe rules should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures.\n\nNot following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.\n\n## Acas guide to discipline and grievances\n\nThe Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work gives more information for employers about taking disciplinary action.\n\n## Acas Helpline\n\nThe Acas Helpline has further advice on disciplinary issues.\n\n## Practical training courses\n\nAcas also runs practical training courses on workplace discipline.\n\n## Writing disciplinary proceedings\n\nYour disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.\n\nNot following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.\n\nThe exact rules will depend on your organisation, but could cover things like:\n\n- acceptable and unacceptable behaviour\n\n- absence and timekeeping\n\n- health and safety\n\n- use of phones and the internet\n\nYou cannot normally discipline or dismiss an employee for whistleblowing.\n\n## Gross misconduct\n\nYour disciplinary rules should give examples of what will be treated as gross misconduct. This is misconduct judged so serious that it\u2019s likely to lead to dismissal without notice, for example fraud, theft and physical violence.\n\n## Telling employees about disciplinary rules\n\nYour disciplinary rules must be in your statement of employment or clearly written elsewhere, such as in a staff handbook.\n\nThe rules should clearly say when someone might face disciplinary action and what that action could be.\n\nYou must also give the name of someone they should appeal to if they\u2019re unhappy about a disciplinary decision.\n\nIf you do not provide this information and an employee then wins an employment tribunal claim against you, they could be awarded 2 to 4 weeks\u2019 pay.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures and contracts\n\nIf you make your disciplinary procedures part of an employment contract then the employee could make a breach of contract claim against you if you do not follow your procedures.\n\n## Example letters and forms\n\nAcas has a number of sample letters and forms for disciplinary proceedings on its website.\n\n## Disciplinary investigations and hearings\n\nThe law does not say exactly how you should investigate disciplinary issues or hold disciplinary meetings.\n\nHowever, the Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work has lots of practical advice about running disciplinary proceedings professionally and fairly.\n\n## The suggested disciplinary process\n\nThe Acas guidance suggests that your disciplinary process should follow the following format:\n\n- A letter telling your employee the issue and inviting them to a disciplinary hearing.\n\n- A meeting with your employee to discuss the issue - they should have the right to be accompanied.\n\n- A letter to your employee saying what action you are going to take. This should be sent as soon as practically possible.\n\n- Your employee should than have a chance to appeal your decision.\n\n## Disciplinary decisions\n\nDisciplinary decisions could be anything that could resolve the problem.\n\nThis could include:\n\n- no action\n\n- written warning\n\n- final warning\n\n- demotion\n\n- dismissal\n\n- mediation with a co-worker\n\n## Appeals\n\nAn employee has the right to appeal against a decision made after a disciplinary hearing.\n\nYou should tell them about this when you give them written notice of your decision, and should give them a deadline to tell you they want to appeal.\n\nYour employee\u2019s statement of terms and conditions of employment must legally include the person they can apply to if they want to appeal a disciplinary decision. It must also explain how to do this.\n\nIf the employee does decide to appeal, you should try to hold the appeal hearing as soon as possible.\n\nYou should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures when dealing with appeals. Otherwise, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you their award could be higher.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-disciplinary-action", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been reviewing the contracts of my employees after being told that it was missing information. The employee statement of terms and conditions of employment was missing the contact person for disciplinary appeals. I am concerned other things may be missing.", + "original_question": "Are there any other things I need to include regarding the appeal process?" + }, + { + "id": "train-693", + "question": "Scenario: Whilst carrying out disciplinary procedures, we have followed our own code. We have not followed the ACAS code of practice, but have been told we should be.\n\nQuestion: Is it a legal requirement to follow the ACAS code of practice?\n\nDocument - Taking disciplinary action against an employee:\n## Overview\n\nYou should have written disciplinary rules and procedures to deal with employee performance and conduct and you must tell your staff about them.\n\nYour rules must say what is acceptable and unacceptable behaviour in the workplace and what action you will take if the rules are broken.\n\nThe rules should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures.\n\nNot following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.\n\n## Acas guide to discipline and grievances\n\nThe Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work gives more information for employers about taking disciplinary action.\n\n## Acas Helpline\n\nThe Acas Helpline has further advice on disciplinary issues.\n\n## Practical training courses\n\nAcas also runs practical training courses on workplace discipline.\n\n## Writing disciplinary proceedings\n\nYour disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.\n\nNot following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.\n\nThe exact rules will depend on your organisation, but could cover things like:\n\n- acceptable and unacceptable behaviour\n\n- absence and timekeeping\n\n- health and safety\n\n- use of phones and the internet\n\nYou cannot normally discipline or dismiss an employee for whistleblowing.\n\n## Gross misconduct\n\nYour disciplinary rules should give examples of what will be treated as gross misconduct. This is misconduct judged so serious that it\u2019s likely to lead to dismissal without notice, for example fraud, theft and physical violence.\n\n## Telling employees about disciplinary rules\n\nYour disciplinary rules must be in your statement of employment or clearly written elsewhere, such as in a staff handbook.\n\nThe rules should clearly say when someone might face disciplinary action and what that action could be.\n\nYou must also give the name of someone they should appeal to if they\u2019re unhappy about a disciplinary decision.\n\nIf you do not provide this information and an employee then wins an employment tribunal claim against you, they could be awarded 2 to 4 weeks\u2019 pay.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures and contracts\n\nIf you make your disciplinary procedures part of an employment contract then the employee could make a breach of contract claim against you if you do not follow your procedures.\n\n## Example letters and forms\n\nAcas has a number of sample letters and forms for disciplinary proceedings on its website.\n\n## Disciplinary investigations and hearings\n\nThe law does not say exactly how you should investigate disciplinary issues or hold disciplinary meetings.\n\nHowever, the Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work has lots of practical advice about running disciplinary proceedings professionally and fairly.\n\n## The suggested disciplinary process\n\nThe Acas guidance suggests that your disciplinary process should follow the following format:\n\n- A letter telling your employee the issue and inviting them to a disciplinary hearing.\n\n- A meeting with your employee to discuss the issue - they should have the right to be accompanied.\n\n- A letter to your employee saying what action you are going to take. This should be sent as soon as practically possible.\n\n- Your employee should than have a chance to appeal your decision.\n\n## Disciplinary decisions\n\nDisciplinary decisions could be anything that could resolve the problem.\n\nThis could include:\n\n- no action\n\n- written warning\n\n- final warning\n\n- demotion\n\n- dismissal\n\n- mediation with a co-worker\n\n## Appeals\n\nAn employee has the right to appeal against a decision made after a disciplinary hearing.\n\nYou should tell them about this when you give them written notice of your decision, and should give them a deadline to tell you they want to appeal.\n\nYour employee\u2019s statement of terms and conditions of employment must legally include the person they can apply to if they want to appeal a disciplinary decision. It must also explain how to do this.\n\nIf the employee does decide to appeal, you should try to hold the appeal hearing as soon as possible.\n\nYou should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures when dealing with appeals. Otherwise, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you their award could be higher.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-disciplinary-action", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Whilst carrying out disciplinary procedures, we have followed our own code. We have not followed the ACAS code of practice, but have been told we should be.", + "original_question": "Is it a legal requirement to follow the ACAS code of practice?" + }, + { + "id": "train-697", + "question": "Scenario: My employer received a deduction from earnings order (DEO) to pay childcare support from my salary. Being the paying parents and the fact that my wife has complicated our relationship. I have talked to my employer to ignore the order.\n\nQuestion: Can my employer be penalised if he fails to honor the DEO?\n\nDocument - Make child maintenance deductions from an employee's pay:\n## Overview\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service can ask you to:\n\n- give information about your employee so they can work out the right amount of child maintenance\n\n- set up a deduction from earnings order (DEO)\n\n- answer enquiries from other organisations who collect payments of child maintenance on their behalf\n\nYou may also be given an attachment of earnings order (AEO) by a court.\n\n## Your legal obligations when deducting child maintenance\n\nBy law, you must:\n\n- give information to the Child Maintenance Service if you\u2019re asked to\n\n- send payments as soon as possible, to arrive no later than the 19th day of the month following the month you made the deduction\n\n- tell the Child Maintenance Service immediately if there are any problems with taking payments from a paying parent\u2019s earnings\n\n- make regular payments - if you do not send payments and do not explain why, you could be taken to court\n\nThe paying parent is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\nYou must report a change of circumstances to the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days. For example, if:\n\n- an employee leaves your business\n\n- you\u2019re asked to set up a deduction from earnings order (DEO) for someone who does not work for you\n\nYou can report changes online or by phone.\n\n## Use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\nIf you\u2019ve ever managed a case through the Child Maintenance Service, you can register for the online service. The service lets you:\n\n- see all deductions\n\n- report and make changes\n\n- send messages\n\n- see important information you\u2019ve been sent\n\n## Call the Child Maintenance Service\n\nYou can call the Child Maintenance Service if you have questions or need to report a change.\n\n## Deduction from earnings orders (DEOs)\n\nDeduction from earnings orders (DEOs) are a way of collecting child maintenance directly from a paying parent\u2019s earnings or pension.\n\nThe paying parent is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\n## When you\u2019ll get a DEO\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a deduction from earnings order (DEO) if one of your employees is a paying parent who:\n\n- chooses to pay child maintenance direct from their earnings\n\n- does not pay child maintenance owed\n\n- does not pay the correct amount\n\n- does not pay on time\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou must deduct the amount of child maintenance stated on the DEO from your employee\u2019s net earnings or their pension and pay it to the Child Maintenance Service. This will include any arrears that are due.\n\n## Other court orders against your employee\n\nYou could get a DEO from the Child Maintenance Service and an attachment of earnings order (AEO) from a court.\n\n## How to calculate deductions\n\nThe deduction from earnings order (DEO) will show 2 rates.\n\n| Rate | What it means |\n\n| Normal deduction rate (NDR) | The amount your employee owes in child maintenance. You\u2019ll deduct this from their pay. |\n\n| Protected earnings rate (PER) or protected earnings proportion (PEP) | The minimum pay you must make sure your employee takes home after all deductions have been made. |\n\nThe PER applies to cases opened before 3 March 2003. The PEP applies to cases opened from 3 March 2003.\n\nYou must make sure that your deduction leaves your employee with the amount of their protected earnings, unless the deduction is for administrative costs.\n\n## How much to deduct\n\nYou may not always be able to deduct the full NDR from your employee\u2019s pay.\n\nThis depends on how much they have left in net earnings once you\u2019ve taken in account their PER or PEP.\n\nYou can deduct up to \u00a31 for administration costs.\n\n## If you cannot deduct the full NDR\n\nYou must:\n\n- keep a record of the shortfall\n\n- carry forward the shortfall to the next period\n\n- send any deduction you\u2019ve been able to make to the court or Child Maintenance Service\n\nYou then deduct the full amount of the shortfall plus the NDR owed for the next pay period. You must still leave your employee with the PER or PEP.\n\nIf the shortfall is carried forward for several weeks before being repaid, keep a record of the ongoing shortfall.\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service or court may need to review an NDR if an employee consistently cannot pay it.\n\n## If you pay your employee holiday pay in advance\n\nYou\u2019ll have to:\n\n- calculate your employee\u2019s total net earnings for the pay period\n\n- multiply the PER or PEP and the NDR by the number of weeks in the pay period\n\n- set aside the combined PER or PEP and take off the combined NDR in the usual way\n\n## If you get more than one DEO or AEO for an employee\n\nSometimes a paying parent has more than one case and is paying child maintenance for children by different receiving parents.\n\nThe receiving parent has main day-to-day care of the child. The paying parent does not have main day-to-day care.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay AEOs in the order of the date of issue, so you might have to finish deducting payments for one before another.\n\nAEOs for maintenance have to be paid before AEOs for civil debts.\n\n## What counts as earnings\n\nA deduction from earnings order (DEO) or an attachment of earnings order (AEO) can only be made from the following earnings:\n\n- wages, fees, bonus, commission, overtime pay or any payments on top of wages\n\n- private or occupational pensions and compensation payments\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- contractual sick pay\n\n- contractual maternity pay\n\n- contractual paternity pay\n\n- contractual adoption pay\n\n- contractual redundancy pay\n\nStatutory pay is money that your employees are entitled to by law. Contractual pay is what you agree with your employees over and above statutory pay.\n\n## What does not count as earnings\n\nYour employee cannot pay child maintenance by DEO or AEO if their only earnings are in the following categories:\n\n- amounts paid by a public department of the government of Northern Ireland or any country outside the UK\n\n- any social security pension, allowance or benefit\n\n- tax credits\n\n- any pension or allowance paid for disability\n\n- guaranteed minimum pension within the Social Security Pensions Act 1975\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\n## Make DEO payments\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you do not pay the amount on a deduction from earnings order (DEO).\n\nYou can make\u00a0DEO\u00a0payments by using the Banks Automated Clearing System (BACS). The Child Maintenance Service can help you set it up.\n\n## Pay online\n\nYou can manage your Child Maintenance Service payments online.\n\nYou should send a single bulk BACS payment for all the employees you make a deduction from. You\u2019ll get a monthly schedule.\n\n## Pay by other methods\n\nYou can also pay by:\n\n- internet banking\n\n- telephone banking\n\n- cheque (made payable to \u2018The Child Maintenance Service\u2019)\n\n## Account details to use\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name | Account code | Transaction code |\n\n| 60 70 80 | 10026584 | DWP CMG Employers | 0 | 99 |\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give the employer reference number. It will be a 12 digit number starting with 5.\n\n## When to pay\n\nYou should send a payment to the Child Maintenance Service so it gets there no later than the 19th day of the month following the month that you took it.\n\nYou and your employee will be sent a letter every year to remind you how much must be paid and when.\n\n## Deductions for administrative costs\n\nYou can take up to \u00a31 towards administrative costs for each deduction, on top of the amount asked for on the DEO. You can take it even if it reduces your employee\u2019s income below the protected earnings proportion or protected earnings rate.\n\n## Inform your employee\n\nYou must inform your employee in writing about each deduction when they are given their pay statement. Include the amount (if any) you deduct towards your expenses.\n\nIf pay statements are not usually given, you should inform your employee in writing. You should do this no later than the employee\u2019s pay day after the deduction was made.\n\n## If you pay the wrong amount\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if you find a mistake in the amount you\u2019ve paid. You can either:\n\n- use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\n- call the employer payment team\n\n## Change of circumstances for DEOs\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if your employee\u2019s circumstances change.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\n- call the employer helpline\n\nIf your business stops trading, or if your employee leaves your employment, you must tell the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days.\n\nYou should also tell them if your employee changes their hours.\n\nYou and your employee will be sent a revised deduction from earnings order (DEO).\n\n## If the Child Maintenance Service cancels a DEO\n\nThey will write to you and your employee to tell you the DEO has been cancelled. They will ask you to stop taking deductions from the date of the letter.\n\nYou must only stop taking deductions if you\u2019re told in writing.\n\n## If you do not help with DEOs or AEOs\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3250 or sent to prison for up to 14 days if you do not do what an attachment of earnings order (AEO) says you should do.\n\nIf you\u2019ve got a deduction from earnings order (DEO) it\u2019s an offence to:\n\n- not provide information when it\u2019s required\n\n- make a false statement or representation\n\n- knowingly provide false information\n\n- delay or obstruct an inspector on purpose\n\n- refuse or fail to answer any questions or supply any information or to produce any document when it\u2019s asked for\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service sometimes sends inspectors to interview \u2018paying parents\u2019 at work. You must let them interview your employee.\n\nThe \u2018paying parent\u2019 is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re found guilty of any of these offences.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-for-employers", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My employer received a deduction from earnings order (DEO) to pay childcare support from my salary. Being the paying parents and the fact that my wife has complicated our relationship. I have talked to my employer to ignore the order.", + "original_question": "Can my employer be penalised if he fails to honor the DEO?" + }, + { + "id": "train-698", + "question": "Scenario: My 30 years old brother is a security guard and works full time . His work is very demading such that he can\u2019t have breaks in between.He does surveillance role.\n\nQuestion: Can he qualify for a compensatory rest?\n\nDocument - Rest breaks at work:\n## Overview\n\nWorkers over 18 are usually entitled to 3 types of break - rest breaks at work, daily rest and weekly rest.\n\n## Rest breaks at work\n\nWorkers have the right to one uninterrupted 20 minute rest break during their working day, if they work more than 6 hours a day. This could be a tea or lunch break.\n\nThe break doesn\u2019t have to be paid - it depends on their employment contract.\n\n## Daily rest\n\nWorkers have the right to 11 hours rest between working days, eg if they finish work at 8pm, they shouldn\u2019t start work again until 7am the next day.\n\n## Weekly rest\n\nWorkers have the right to either:\n\n- an uninterrupted 24 hours without any work each week\n\n- an uninterrupted 48 hours without any work each fortnight\n\nA worker\u2019s employment contract may say they\u2019re entitled to more or different rights to breaks from work.\n\n## Work that puts health and safety at risk\n\nAn employer should give an employee enough breaks to make sure their health and safety isn\u2019t at risk if that work is \u2018monotonous\u2019 (eg work on a production line).\n\nDomestic workers in a private house (eg a cleaner or au pair) aren\u2019t entitled to rest breaks for health and safety reasons.\n\n## Taking breaks\n\nEmployers can say when employees take rest breaks during work time as long as:\n\n- the break is taken in one go somewhere in the middle of the day (not at the beginning or end)\n\n- workers are allowed to spend it away from their desk or workstation (ie away from where they actually work)\n\nIt doesn\u2019t count as a rest break if an employer says an employee should go back to work before their break is finished.\n\nUnless a worker\u2019s employment contract says so, they don\u2019t have the right to:\n\n- take smoking breaks\n\n- get paid for rest breaks\n\n## Exceptions and special circumstances\n\nThere are exemptions to the rights to rest breaks.\n\nSome workers are entitled to compensatory rest breaks, eg shift workers.\n\nYoung people and lorry and coach drivers have different rights to rest breaks.\n\n## Compensatory rest\n\nWorkers may be entitled to \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 if they don\u2019t have the right to specific rest breaks. Compensatory rest breaks are the same length of time as the break (or part of it) that they\u2019ve missed.\n\nA worker may be entitled to compensatory rest if:\n\n- they\u2019re a shift worker and can\u2019t take daily or weekly rest breaks between ending one shift and starting another\n\n- their workplace is a long way from their home (eg an oil rig)\n\n- they work in different places which are a reasonable distance from each other\n\n- they\u2019re doing security and surveillance-based work\n\n- they\u2019re working in an industry which is very busy at certain times of the year \u2013 like agriculture, retail, postal services or tourism\n\n- they need to work because there\u2019s an exceptional event, an accident or a risk that an accident is about to happen\n\n- the job needs round-the-clock staffing so there aren\u2019t interruptions to any services or production (eg hospital work)\n\n- they work in the rail industry on board trains or their job is linked to making sure trains run on time\n\n- their working day is split up (eg they\u2019re a cleaner and work for part of the morning and the evening)\n\n- there is an agreement between management, trade unions or the workforce (a \u2018collective\u2019 or \u2018workforce\u2019 agreement) that has changed or removed rights to these rest breaks for a group of workers\n\nThe total rest entitlement for a week is 90 hours a week on average - this doesn\u2019t include breaks at work, which are additional.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nWorkers aren\u2019t entitled to the 3 general types of rest break if they work in:\n\n- the armed forces, emergency services or police and they\u2019re dealing with an exceptional catastrophe or disaster\n\n- a job where they freely choose what hours they work (like a managing director) or where the work is not measured (ie no set hours)\n\n- sea transport\n\n- air or road transport (known as \u2018mobile\u2019 workers)\n\nAir, sea or road transport workers may be covered by special rules that give them different rest rights.\n\nMobile workers not covered by any special rules usually have the right to regular rest so that their health and safety (or anyone else\u2019s) isn\u2019t put at risk.\n\nThere are also special rules for young workers and for lorry and coach drivers.\n\n## Young workers\n\nYoung workers (above school leaving age and under 18) are usually entitled to:\n\n- a 30 minute rest break if they work more than 4.5 hours (if possible this should be one continuous break)\n\n- daily rest of 12 hours\n\n- weekly rest of 48 hours\n\n## Exceptions for young workers\n\nYoung workers sometimes aren\u2019t entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work if their work has to be done because of an exceptional event (eg an accident). This is only where:\n\n- there isn\u2019t a worker over 18 who can do the work\n\n- the work is temporary and must be done immediately\n\n## Compensatory rest for young workers\n\nYoung workers have the right to compensatory rest if they\u2019re not entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work. This is the same amount of rest that they should have had. It can be taken just after any rest they\u2019ve missed but it must be taken within the following 3 weeks.\n\n## Disputes\n\nWorkers who can\u2019t take or aren\u2019t allowed rest breaks should speak to their manager informally.\n\nGet more information for employees who want to raise a grievance or advice for employers on handling grievances if there is a disagreement about rest breaks.\n\nWorkers can also get advice on rest breaks from the Acas helpline.\n\nIf a worker can\u2019t solve a problem, they may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My 30 years old brother is a security guard and works full time . His work is very demading such that he can\u2019t have breaks in between.He does surveillance role.", + "original_question": "Can he qualify for a compensatory rest?" + }, + { + "id": "train-699", + "question": "Scenario: I have been working in a pharmacy shop without breaks due to the flow of customers. I have raised my complaint to my senior boss but has not taken it seriously but ignored me. I feel strained and under pressure.\n\nQuestion: Can i make a claim to the employment tribunal?\n\nDocument - Rest breaks at work:\n## Overview\n\nWorkers over 18 are usually entitled to 3 types of break - rest breaks at work, daily rest and weekly rest.\n\n## Rest breaks at work\n\nWorkers have the right to one uninterrupted 20 minute rest break during their working day, if they work more than 6 hours a day. This could be a tea or lunch break.\n\nThe break doesn\u2019t have to be paid - it depends on their employment contract.\n\n## Daily rest\n\nWorkers have the right to 11 hours rest between working days, eg if they finish work at 8pm, they shouldn\u2019t start work again until 7am the next day.\n\n## Weekly rest\n\nWorkers have the right to either:\n\n- an uninterrupted 24 hours without any work each week\n\n- an uninterrupted 48 hours without any work each fortnight\n\nA worker\u2019s employment contract may say they\u2019re entitled to more or different rights to breaks from work.\n\n## Work that puts health and safety at risk\n\nAn employer should give an employee enough breaks to make sure their health and safety isn\u2019t at risk if that work is \u2018monotonous\u2019 (eg work on a production line).\n\nDomestic workers in a private house (eg a cleaner or au pair) aren\u2019t entitled to rest breaks for health and safety reasons.\n\n## Taking breaks\n\nEmployers can say when employees take rest breaks during work time as long as:\n\n- the break is taken in one go somewhere in the middle of the day (not at the beginning or end)\n\n- workers are allowed to spend it away from their desk or workstation (ie away from where they actually work)\n\nIt doesn\u2019t count as a rest break if an employer says an employee should go back to work before their break is finished.\n\nUnless a worker\u2019s employment contract says so, they don\u2019t have the right to:\n\n- take smoking breaks\n\n- get paid for rest breaks\n\n## Exceptions and special circumstances\n\nThere are exemptions to the rights to rest breaks.\n\nSome workers are entitled to compensatory rest breaks, eg shift workers.\n\nYoung people and lorry and coach drivers have different rights to rest breaks.\n\n## Compensatory rest\n\nWorkers may be entitled to \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 if they don\u2019t have the right to specific rest breaks. Compensatory rest breaks are the same length of time as the break (or part of it) that they\u2019ve missed.\n\nA worker may be entitled to compensatory rest if:\n\n- they\u2019re a shift worker and can\u2019t take daily or weekly rest breaks between ending one shift and starting another\n\n- their workplace is a long way from their home (eg an oil rig)\n\n- they work in different places which are a reasonable distance from each other\n\n- they\u2019re doing security and surveillance-based work\n\n- they\u2019re working in an industry which is very busy at certain times of the year \u2013 like agriculture, retail, postal services or tourism\n\n- they need to work because there\u2019s an exceptional event, an accident or a risk that an accident is about to happen\n\n- the job needs round-the-clock staffing so there aren\u2019t interruptions to any services or production (eg hospital work)\n\n- they work in the rail industry on board trains or their job is linked to making sure trains run on time\n\n- their working day is split up (eg they\u2019re a cleaner and work for part of the morning and the evening)\n\n- there is an agreement between management, trade unions or the workforce (a \u2018collective\u2019 or \u2018workforce\u2019 agreement) that has changed or removed rights to these rest breaks for a group of workers\n\nThe total rest entitlement for a week is 90 hours a week on average - this doesn\u2019t include breaks at work, which are additional.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nWorkers aren\u2019t entitled to the 3 general types of rest break if they work in:\n\n- the armed forces, emergency services or police and they\u2019re dealing with an exceptional catastrophe or disaster\n\n- a job where they freely choose what hours they work (like a managing director) or where the work is not measured (ie no set hours)\n\n- sea transport\n\n- air or road transport (known as \u2018mobile\u2019 workers)\n\nAir, sea or road transport workers may be covered by special rules that give them different rest rights.\n\nMobile workers not covered by any special rules usually have the right to regular rest so that their health and safety (or anyone else\u2019s) isn\u2019t put at risk.\n\nThere are also special rules for young workers and for lorry and coach drivers.\n\n## Young workers\n\nYoung workers (above school leaving age and under 18) are usually entitled to:\n\n- a 30 minute rest break if they work more than 4.5 hours (if possible this should be one continuous break)\n\n- daily rest of 12 hours\n\n- weekly rest of 48 hours\n\n## Exceptions for young workers\n\nYoung workers sometimes aren\u2019t entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work if their work has to be done because of an exceptional event (eg an accident). This is only where:\n\n- there isn\u2019t a worker over 18 who can do the work\n\n- the work is temporary and must be done immediately\n\n## Compensatory rest for young workers\n\nYoung workers have the right to compensatory rest if they\u2019re not entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work. This is the same amount of rest that they should have had. It can be taken just after any rest they\u2019ve missed but it must be taken within the following 3 weeks.\n\n## Disputes\n\nWorkers who can\u2019t take or aren\u2019t allowed rest breaks should speak to their manager informally.\n\nGet more information for employees who want to raise a grievance or advice for employers on handling grievances if there is a disagreement about rest breaks.\n\nWorkers can also get advice on rest breaks from the Acas helpline.\n\nIf a worker can\u2019t solve a problem, they may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been working in a pharmacy shop without breaks due to the flow of customers. I have raised my complaint to my senior boss but has not taken it seriously but ignored me. I feel strained and under pressure.", + "original_question": "Can i make a claim to the employment tribunal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-702", + "question": "Scenario: I am contemplating starting a business working from home. I intend to bake cakes and other baked goods and sell them locally at first, then perhaps expand.\n\nQuestion: Would I be considered self employed if I were to work in this way?\n\nDocument - Employment status:\n## Overview\n\nIn employment law a person\u2019s employment status helps determine:\n\n- their rights\n\n- their employer\u2019s responsibilities\n\nA person may have a different employment status in tax law.\n\nThe main types of employment status are:\n\n- worker\n\n- employee\n\n- self-employed and contractor\n\n- director\n\n- office holder\n\nContact Acas (or the Labour Relations Agency in Northern Ireland) for advice about employment status, employee rights or employer responsibilities.\n\nCourts and tribunals can make final decisions on employment status.\n\n## Worker\n\nA person is generally classed as a \u2018worker\u2019 if:\n\n- they have a contract or other arrangement to do work or services personally for a reward (your contract doesn\u2019t have to be written)\n\n- their reward is for money or a benefit in kind, for example the promise of a contract or future work\n\n- they only have a limited right to send someone else to do the work (subcontract)\n\n- they have to turn up for work even if they don\u2019t want to\n\n- their employer has to have work for them to do as long as the contract or arrangement lasts\n\n- they aren\u2019t doing the work as part of their own limited company in an arrangement where the \u2018employer\u2019 is actually a customer or client\n\n## Employment rights\n\nWorkers are entitled to certain employment rights, including:\n\n- getting the National Minimum Wage\n\n- protection against unlawful deductions from wages\n\n- the\u00a0statutory minimum level of paid holiday\n\n- the statutory minimum length of rest breaks\n\n- to not work more than 48 hours on average per week or to opt out of this right if they choose\n\n- protection against unlawful discrimination\n\n- protection for \u2018whistleblowing\u2019 - reporting wrongdoing in the workplace\n\n- to not be treated less favourably if they work part-time\n\nThey may also be entitled to:\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Shared Parental Pay\n\nAgency workers have specific rights from the first day at work.\n\nWorkers usually aren\u2019t entitled to:\n\n- minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal\n\n- the right to request flexible working\n\n- time off for emergencies\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\n## Casual or irregular work\n\nSomeone is likely to be a worker if most of these apply:\n\n- they occasionally do work for a specific business\n\n- the business doesn\u2019t have to offer them work and they don\u2019t have to accept it - they only work when they want to\n\n- their contract with the business uses terms like \u2018casual\u2019, \u2018freelance\u2019, \u2018zero hours\u2019, \u2018as required\u2019 or something similar\n\n- they had to agree with the business\u2019s terms and conditions to get work - either verbally or in writing\n\n- they are under the supervision or control of a manager or director\n\n- they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work\n\n- the business deducts tax and National Insurance contributions from their wages\n\n- the business provides materials, tools or equipment they need to do the work\n\n## Employee\n\nAn employee is someone who works under an employment contract.\n\nA person may be an employee in employment law but have a different status for tax purposes. Employers must work out each worker\u2019s status in both employment law and tax law.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAll employees are workers, but an employee has extra employment rights and responsibilities that don\u2019t apply to workers who aren\u2019t employees.\n\nThese rights include all of the rights workers have and:\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- statutory maternity, paternity, adoption and shared parental leave and pay (workers only get pay, not leave)\n\n- minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal\n\n- the right to request flexible working\n\n- time off for emergencies\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\nSome of these rights require a minimum length of continuous employment before an employee qualifies for them. An employment contract may state how long this qualification period is.\n\n## Working out employment status for an employee\n\nSomeone who works for a business is probably an employee if most of the following are true:\n\n- they\u2019re required to work regularly unless they\u2019re on leave, for example holiday, sick leave or maternity leave\n\n- they\u2019re required to do a minimum number of hours and expect to be paid for time worked\n\n- a manager or supervisor is responsible for their workload, saying when a piece of work should be finished and how it should be done\n\n- they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work\n\n- they get paid holiday\n\n- they\u2019re entitled to contractual or Statutory Sick Pay, and maternity or paternity pay\n\n- they can join the business\u2019s pension scheme\n\n- the business\u2019s disciplinary and grievance procedures apply to them\n\n- they work at the business\u2019s premises or at an address specified by the business\n\n- their contract sets out redundancy procedures\n\n- the business provides the materials, tools and equipment for their work\n\n- they only work for the business or if they do have another job, it\u2019s completely different from their work for the business\n\n- their contract, statement of terms and conditions or offer letter (which can be described as an \u2018employment contract\u2019) uses terms like \u2018employer\u2019 and \u2018employee\u2019\n\nIf most of these don\u2019t apply, you should work out if the person is self-employed.\n\nIndividuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.\n\n## Employee shareholders\n\nAn employee shareholder is someone who works under an employment contract and owns at least \u00a32,000 worth of shares in the employer\u2019s company or parent company.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nEmployee shareholders have most of the same employment rights as workers and employees.\n\nThey also have the right to collective redundancy consultation and transfer of undertakings (TUPE) - this protects the employee\u2019s terms and conditions when the business is transferred to a new owner.\n\nEmployee shareholders don\u2019t have these rights:\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal - apart from dismissal on grounds of discrimination and in relation to health and safety\n\n- statutory redundancy pay\n\n- the right to request flexible working - except in the 2 weeks after returning from parental leave\n\n- certain statutory rights to request time off for training\n\nEmployee shareholders must give 16 weeks notice if they want to come back early from maternity leave, additional paternity leave and adoption leave.\n\nEmployers can choose more generous employment rights than the statutory ones.\n\n## Tax relief and obligations\n\nEmployee shareholders can get tax relief on the first \u00a32,000 of shares they get before 1 December 2016.\n\nEmployee shareholders must pay tax on buying and selling shares.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has further guidance on tax relief for employee shareholders.\n\n## Applying for employment shareholder jobs\n\nAnyone can apply for an employee shareholder job.\n\nPeople claiming Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance don\u2019t have to apply for an employee shareholder job that Jobcentre Plus have told them about.\n\nExisting employees don\u2019t have to accept a change to an employment contract to become an employee shareholder if they don\u2019t want to.\n\n## Offering employment shareholder status\n\nEmployers must following certain rules when offering employment shareholder status to their employees.\n\n## Self-employed and contractor\n\nA person is self-employed if they run their business for themselves and take responsibility for its success or failure.\n\nSelf-employed workers aren\u2019t paid through PAYE, and they don\u2019t have the employment rights and responsibilities of employees.\n\nSomeone can be both employed and self-employed at the same time, for example if they work for an employer during the day and run their own business in the evenings.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nEmployment law doesn\u2019t cover self-employed people in most cases because they are their own boss.\n\nHowever, if a person is self-employed:\n\n- they still have protection for their health and safety and, in some cases, protection against discrimination\n\n- their rights and responsibilities are set out by the terms of the contract they have with their client\n\n## Working out if someone is self-employed\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may regard someone as self-employed for tax purposes even if they have a different status in employment law.\n\nEmployers should check if a worker is self-employed in:\n\n- tax law - whether they\u2019re exempt from PAYE\n\n- employment law - whether they have an employee\u2019s rights\n\nIndividuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.\n\n## Checking if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE\n\nSomeone is probably self-employed and shouldn\u2019t be paid through PAYE if most of the following are true:\n\n- they\u2019re in business for themselves, are responsible for the success or failure of their business and can make a loss or a profit\n\n- they can decide what work they do and when, where or how to do it\n\n- they can hire someone else to do the work\n\n- they\u2019re responsible for fixing any unsatisfactory work in their own time\n\n- their employer agrees a fixed price for their work - it doesn\u2019t depend on how long the job takes to finish\n\n- they use their own money to buy business assets, cover running costs, and provide tools and equipment for their work\n\n- they can work for more than one client\n\nYou can check someone\u2019s employment status:\n\n- online\n\n- by phone\n\nThere are special rules for businesses supplying workers, for example an employment agency.\n\n## Checking their employment rights\n\nSomeone is probably self-employed and doesn\u2019t have the rights of an employee if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE and most of the following are also true:\n\n- they put in bids or give quotes to get work\n\n- they\u2019re not under direct supervision when working\n\n- they submit invoices for the work they\u2019ve done\n\n- they\u2019re responsible for paying their own National Insurance and tax\n\n- they don\u2019t get holiday or sick pay when they\u2019re not working\n\n- they operate under a contract (sometimes known as a \u2018contract for services\u2019 or \u2018consultancy agreement\u2019) that uses terms like \u2018self-employed\u2019, \u2018consultant\u2019 or an \u2018independent contractor\u2019\n\n## Contractors\n\nA contractor can be:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- a worker or an employee if they work for a client and are employed by an agency\n\nThere\u2019s a special scheme for self-employed contractors and sub-contractors working in the construction industry called the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS).\n\n## If someone becomes self-employed\n\nA worker must tell HMRC if they become self-employed.\n\n## Director\n\nCompany directors run limited companies on behalf of shareholders.\n\nDirectors have different rights and responsibilities from employees, and are classed as office holders for tax and National Insurance contribution purposes.\n\nIf a person does other work that\u2019s not related to being a director, they may have an employment contract and get employment rights.\n\n## Office holder\n\nA person who\u2019s been appointed to a position by a company or organisation but doesn\u2019t have a contract or receive regular payment may be an office holder. This includes:\n\n- statutory appointments, such as registered company directors or secretaries, board members of statutory bodies, or crown appointments\n\n- appointments under the internal constitution of an organisation, such as club treasurers or trade union secretaries\n\n- appointments under a trust deed, such as trustees\n\n- ecclesiastical appointment, such as members of the clergy\n\nOffice holders are neither employees nor workers. However, it\u2019s possible for someone to be an office holder and an employee if they have an employment contract with the same company or organisation that meets the criteria for employees.\n\n## Working out employment status for an office holder\n\nSomeone is likely to be an office holder if most of these statements apply to them:\n\n- there is no contract or service agreement relating to their appointment\n\n- their duties are minimal, and are only those required under the relevant statute, constitution or trust deed\n\n- they don\u2019t get a salary or any other form of regular payment for their services\n\n- the only payment they get is a voluntary payment (honorarium), regardless of the work they do - tax and National Insurance are deducted by the appointing body\n\n- they\u2019re effectively working as an independent office, and are not under the close supervision or control of the appointing body\n\n## Legal decisions on employment status\n\nA court or employment tribunal (known as an industrial tribunal in Northern Ireland) can make a final decision on employment status for employment rights purposes. They\u2019ll look at how the employment relationship between the person and the business works in practice.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may separately argue that someone is self-employed for tax purposes. This may be confirmed by the tax tribunal and the courts.\n\nAn employment tribunal or court may still make a decision that someone is a worker or employee for employment rights purposes.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-status", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am contemplating starting a business working from home. I intend to bake cakes and other baked goods and sell them locally at first, then perhaps expand.", + "original_question": "Would I be considered self employed if I were to work in this way?" + }, + { + "id": "train-703", + "question": "Scenario: I do casual work for neighbours involving gardening, waste disposal, painting and decorating and various other odd jobs. I declare my income to the relevant authorities on a monthly basis but it fluctuates from month to month.\n\nQuestion: If someone I was working for refused to pay me, would I have any legal recourse against them?\n\nDocument - Employment status:\n## Overview\n\nIn employment law a person\u2019s employment status helps determine:\n\n- their rights\n\n- their employer\u2019s responsibilities\n\nA person may have a different employment status in tax law.\n\nThe main types of employment status are:\n\n- worker\n\n- employee\n\n- self-employed and contractor\n\n- director\n\n- office holder\n\nContact Acas (or the Labour Relations Agency in Northern Ireland) for advice about employment status, employee rights or employer responsibilities.\n\nCourts and tribunals can make final decisions on employment status.\n\n## Worker\n\nA person is generally classed as a \u2018worker\u2019 if:\n\n- they have a contract or other arrangement to do work or services personally for a reward (your contract doesn\u2019t have to be written)\n\n- their reward is for money or a benefit in kind, for example the promise of a contract or future work\n\n- they only have a limited right to send someone else to do the work (subcontract)\n\n- they have to turn up for work even if they don\u2019t want to\n\n- their employer has to have work for them to do as long as the contract or arrangement lasts\n\n- they aren\u2019t doing the work as part of their own limited company in an arrangement where the \u2018employer\u2019 is actually a customer or client\n\n## Employment rights\n\nWorkers are entitled to certain employment rights, including:\n\n- getting the National Minimum Wage\n\n- protection against unlawful deductions from wages\n\n- the\u00a0statutory minimum level of paid holiday\n\n- the statutory minimum length of rest breaks\n\n- to not work more than 48 hours on average per week or to opt out of this right if they choose\n\n- protection against unlawful discrimination\n\n- protection for \u2018whistleblowing\u2019 - reporting wrongdoing in the workplace\n\n- to not be treated less favourably if they work part-time\n\nThey may also be entitled to:\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Shared Parental Pay\n\nAgency workers have specific rights from the first day at work.\n\nWorkers usually aren\u2019t entitled to:\n\n- minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal\n\n- the right to request flexible working\n\n- time off for emergencies\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\n## Casual or irregular work\n\nSomeone is likely to be a worker if most of these apply:\n\n- they occasionally do work for a specific business\n\n- the business doesn\u2019t have to offer them work and they don\u2019t have to accept it - they only work when they want to\n\n- their contract with the business uses terms like \u2018casual\u2019, \u2018freelance\u2019, \u2018zero hours\u2019, \u2018as required\u2019 or something similar\n\n- they had to agree with the business\u2019s terms and conditions to get work - either verbally or in writing\n\n- they are under the supervision or control of a manager or director\n\n- they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work\n\n- the business deducts tax and National Insurance contributions from their wages\n\n- the business provides materials, tools or equipment they need to do the work\n\n## Employee\n\nAn employee is someone who works under an employment contract.\n\nA person may be an employee in employment law but have a different status for tax purposes. Employers must work out each worker\u2019s status in both employment law and tax law.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAll employees are workers, but an employee has extra employment rights and responsibilities that don\u2019t apply to workers who aren\u2019t employees.\n\nThese rights include all of the rights workers have and:\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- statutory maternity, paternity, adoption and shared parental leave and pay (workers only get pay, not leave)\n\n- minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal\n\n- the right to request flexible working\n\n- time off for emergencies\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\nSome of these rights require a minimum length of continuous employment before an employee qualifies for them. An employment contract may state how long this qualification period is.\n\n## Working out employment status for an employee\n\nSomeone who works for a business is probably an employee if most of the following are true:\n\n- they\u2019re required to work regularly unless they\u2019re on leave, for example holiday, sick leave or maternity leave\n\n- they\u2019re required to do a minimum number of hours and expect to be paid for time worked\n\n- a manager or supervisor is responsible for their workload, saying when a piece of work should be finished and how it should be done\n\n- they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work\n\n- they get paid holiday\n\n- they\u2019re entitled to contractual or Statutory Sick Pay, and maternity or paternity pay\n\n- they can join the business\u2019s pension scheme\n\n- the business\u2019s disciplinary and grievance procedures apply to them\n\n- they work at the business\u2019s premises or at an address specified by the business\n\n- their contract sets out redundancy procedures\n\n- the business provides the materials, tools and equipment for their work\n\n- they only work for the business or if they do have another job, it\u2019s completely different from their work for the business\n\n- their contract, statement of terms and conditions or offer letter (which can be described as an \u2018employment contract\u2019) uses terms like \u2018employer\u2019 and \u2018employee\u2019\n\nIf most of these don\u2019t apply, you should work out if the person is self-employed.\n\nIndividuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.\n\n## Employee shareholders\n\nAn employee shareholder is someone who works under an employment contract and owns at least \u00a32,000 worth of shares in the employer\u2019s company or parent company.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nEmployee shareholders have most of the same employment rights as workers and employees.\n\nThey also have the right to collective redundancy consultation and transfer of undertakings (TUPE) - this protects the employee\u2019s terms and conditions when the business is transferred to a new owner.\n\nEmployee shareholders don\u2019t have these rights:\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal - apart from dismissal on grounds of discrimination and in relation to health and safety\n\n- statutory redundancy pay\n\n- the right to request flexible working - except in the 2 weeks after returning from parental leave\n\n- certain statutory rights to request time off for training\n\nEmployee shareholders must give 16 weeks notice if they want to come back early from maternity leave, additional paternity leave and adoption leave.\n\nEmployers can choose more generous employment rights than the statutory ones.\n\n## Tax relief and obligations\n\nEmployee shareholders can get tax relief on the first \u00a32,000 of shares they get before 1 December 2016.\n\nEmployee shareholders must pay tax on buying and selling shares.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has further guidance on tax relief for employee shareholders.\n\n## Applying for employment shareholder jobs\n\nAnyone can apply for an employee shareholder job.\n\nPeople claiming Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance don\u2019t have to apply for an employee shareholder job that Jobcentre Plus have told them about.\n\nExisting employees don\u2019t have to accept a change to an employment contract to become an employee shareholder if they don\u2019t want to.\n\n## Offering employment shareholder status\n\nEmployers must following certain rules when offering employment shareholder status to their employees.\n\n## Self-employed and contractor\n\nA person is self-employed if they run their business for themselves and take responsibility for its success or failure.\n\nSelf-employed workers aren\u2019t paid through PAYE, and they don\u2019t have the employment rights and responsibilities of employees.\n\nSomeone can be both employed and self-employed at the same time, for example if they work for an employer during the day and run their own business in the evenings.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nEmployment law doesn\u2019t cover self-employed people in most cases because they are their own boss.\n\nHowever, if a person is self-employed:\n\n- they still have protection for their health and safety and, in some cases, protection against discrimination\n\n- their rights and responsibilities are set out by the terms of the contract they have with their client\n\n## Working out if someone is self-employed\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may regard someone as self-employed for tax purposes even if they have a different status in employment law.\n\nEmployers should check if a worker is self-employed in:\n\n- tax law - whether they\u2019re exempt from PAYE\n\n- employment law - whether they have an employee\u2019s rights\n\nIndividuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.\n\n## Checking if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE\n\nSomeone is probably self-employed and shouldn\u2019t be paid through PAYE if most of the following are true:\n\n- they\u2019re in business for themselves, are responsible for the success or failure of their business and can make a loss or a profit\n\n- they can decide what work they do and when, where or how to do it\n\n- they can hire someone else to do the work\n\n- they\u2019re responsible for fixing any unsatisfactory work in their own time\n\n- their employer agrees a fixed price for their work - it doesn\u2019t depend on how long the job takes to finish\n\n- they use their own money to buy business assets, cover running costs, and provide tools and equipment for their work\n\n- they can work for more than one client\n\nYou can check someone\u2019s employment status:\n\n- online\n\n- by phone\n\nThere are special rules for businesses supplying workers, for example an employment agency.\n\n## Checking their employment rights\n\nSomeone is probably self-employed and doesn\u2019t have the rights of an employee if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE and most of the following are also true:\n\n- they put in bids or give quotes to get work\n\n- they\u2019re not under direct supervision when working\n\n- they submit invoices for the work they\u2019ve done\n\n- they\u2019re responsible for paying their own National Insurance and tax\n\n- they don\u2019t get holiday or sick pay when they\u2019re not working\n\n- they operate under a contract (sometimes known as a \u2018contract for services\u2019 or \u2018consultancy agreement\u2019) that uses terms like \u2018self-employed\u2019, \u2018consultant\u2019 or an \u2018independent contractor\u2019\n\n## Contractors\n\nA contractor can be:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- a worker or an employee if they work for a client and are employed by an agency\n\nThere\u2019s a special scheme for self-employed contractors and sub-contractors working in the construction industry called the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS).\n\n## If someone becomes self-employed\n\nA worker must tell HMRC if they become self-employed.\n\n## Director\n\nCompany directors run limited companies on behalf of shareholders.\n\nDirectors have different rights and responsibilities from employees, and are classed as office holders for tax and National Insurance contribution purposes.\n\nIf a person does other work that\u2019s not related to being a director, they may have an employment contract and get employment rights.\n\n## Office holder\n\nA person who\u2019s been appointed to a position by a company or organisation but doesn\u2019t have a contract or receive regular payment may be an office holder. This includes:\n\n- statutory appointments, such as registered company directors or secretaries, board members of statutory bodies, or crown appointments\n\n- appointments under the internal constitution of an organisation, such as club treasurers or trade union secretaries\n\n- appointments under a trust deed, such as trustees\n\n- ecclesiastical appointment, such as members of the clergy\n\nOffice holders are neither employees nor workers. However, it\u2019s possible for someone to be an office holder and an employee if they have an employment contract with the same company or organisation that meets the criteria for employees.\n\n## Working out employment status for an office holder\n\nSomeone is likely to be an office holder if most of these statements apply to them:\n\n- there is no contract or service agreement relating to their appointment\n\n- their duties are minimal, and are only those required under the relevant statute, constitution or trust deed\n\n- they don\u2019t get a salary or any other form of regular payment for their services\n\n- the only payment they get is a voluntary payment (honorarium), regardless of the work they do - tax and National Insurance are deducted by the appointing body\n\n- they\u2019re effectively working as an independent office, and are not under the close supervision or control of the appointing body\n\n## Legal decisions on employment status\n\nA court or employment tribunal (known as an industrial tribunal in Northern Ireland) can make a final decision on employment status for employment rights purposes. They\u2019ll look at how the employment relationship between the person and the business works in practice.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may separately argue that someone is self-employed for tax purposes. This may be confirmed by the tax tribunal and the courts.\n\nAn employment tribunal or court may still make a decision that someone is a worker or employee for employment rights purposes.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-status", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I do casual work for neighbours involving gardening, waste disposal, painting and decorating and various other odd jobs. I declare my income to the relevant authorities on a monthly basis but it fluctuates from month to month.", + "original_question": "If someone I was working for refused to pay me, would I have any legal recourse against them?" + }, + { + "id": "train-706", + "question": "Scenario: I am new to this tax system. Joined in an accounts department to help calculating taxes for employees. I have a newemployee with an annual salary of 11,200 and no additional income\n\nQuestion: Does the employee have to pay tax ?\n\nDocument - Understanding your employees' tax codes:\n## Overview\n\nYou put an employee\u2019s tax code into your payroll software to work out how much tax to deduct from their pay throughout the year.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide on tax codes if you\u2019re an employee.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nWhen you take on a new employee, you normally work out their tax code by using their P45. The code will usually be made up of several numbers and a letter, such as 1257L.\n\nYou usually need to update your employee\u2019s tax code at the start of a new tax year. If the tax code changes during the year, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will email you - you should update your payroll records as soon as possible.\n\n## Tax code 1257L\n\nThe most common tax code for tax year 2021 to 2022 is 1257L. It\u2019s used for most people with one job and no untaxed income, unpaid tax or taxable benefits (for example a company car).\n\n1257L is an emergency tax code only if followed by \u2018W1\u2019, \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018X\u2019. Emergency codes can be used if a new employee doesn\u2019t have a P45.\n\n## What the numbers mean\n\nThe numbers in an employee\u2019s tax code show how much tax-free income they get in that tax year.\n\nYou usually multiply the number in the tax code by 10 to get the total amount of income they can earn before being taxed.\n\nFor example, an employee with the tax code 1257L can earn \u00a312,570 before being taxed. If they earn \u00a327,000 per year, their taxable income is \u00a314,430.\n\nThe process is different if the employee has the letter \u2018K\u2019 in their tax code.\n\n## What the letters mean\n\nLetters in an employee\u2019s tax code refer to their situation and how it affects their Personal Allowance.\n\n| Code | How tax is deducted | When this code is usually used |\n\n| 0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up |\n\n| BR | From all income at the basic rate | For a second job or pension |\n\n| C | From income in the Welsh tax bands | For an employee whose main home is in Wales |\n\n| C0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee whose main home is in Wales hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up |\n\n| CBR | From all income at the basic rate in Wales | For a second job or pension |\n\n| CD0 | From all income at the higher rate in Wales | For a second job or pension |\n\n| CD1 | From all income at the additional rate in Wales | For a second job or pension |\n\n| D0 | From all income at the higher rate | For a second job or pension |\n\n| D1 | From all income at the additional rate | For a second job or pension |\n\n| L | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee entitled to the standard tax-free Personal Allowance |\n\n| M | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee whose spouse or civil partner has transferred some of their Personal Allowance |\n\n| N | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee who has transferred some of their Personal Allowance to their spouse or civil partner |\n\n| NT | No tax is deducted | Very specific cases, for example musicians who are regarded as self-employed and not subject to PAYE |\n\n| S | From income in the Scottish tax bands | For an employee whose main home is in Scotland |\n\n| S0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee whose main home is in Scotland hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up |\n\n| SBR | From all income at the basic rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| SD0 | From all income at the intermediate rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| SD1 | From all income at the higher rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| SD2 | From all income at the top rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| T | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | When HMRC needs to review some items with the employee |\n\n## If your employee\u2019s tax code has \u2018W1\u2019 or \u2018M1\u2019 at the end\n\nW1 (week 1) and M1 (month 1) are emergency tax codes and appear at the end of an employee\u2019s tax code, for example \u2018577L W1\u2019 or \u2018577L M1\u2019. Calculate your employee\u2019s tax only on what they are paid in the current pay period, not the whole year.\n\n## Tax codes with the letter \u2018K\u2019\n\nThe letter K is used in an employee\u2019s tax code when deductions due for company benefits, state pension or tax owed from previous years are greater than their Personal Allowance.\n\nMultiply the number in their tax code by 10 to show how much should be added to their taxable income before deductions are calculated.\n\nThe tax deduction for each pay period can\u2019t be more than half an employee\u2019s pre-tax pay or pension.\n\n## Changes during the tax year\n\nUsually someone\u2019s tax code changes if their tax-free income (Personal Allowance) goes up or down, for example they start or stop receiving a taxable benefit like a company car.\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you an email alert if one of your employees\u2019 tax codes changes.\n\n- Access the new tax code in PAYE Online (in \u2018tax code notices\u2019), the PAYE Desktop Viewer application, or in your payroll software (if it has this feature). Check if your employee\u2019s previous pay and tax are included with the new tax code. If they are, note these figures.\n\n- As soon as possible, and before you next pay your employee, update their payroll record with their new tax code. Add their previous pay and tax, if you received these figures with the new tax code.\n\nA tax code notice is sometimes called a P6 form.\n\nIf you receive an employee\u2019s new tax code too late to use in the tax year, you should use it in the new tax year.\n\n## Updating for the new tax year\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you between January and March about any new tax codes to use for employees in the new tax year. This starts on 6 April.\n\nIf an employee\u2019s tax code isn\u2019t changing, HMRC won\u2019t contact you and you should carry forward the employee\u2019s tax code to the new tax year.\n\nIf your employee\u2019s tax code ends with \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018W1\u2019 (\u2018month 1\u2019 or \u2018week 1\u2019), don\u2019t carry this part of the code into the new tax year.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employee-tax-codes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am new to this tax system. Joined in an accounts department to help calculating taxes for employees. I have a newemployee with an annual salary of 11,200 and no additional income", + "original_question": "Does the employee have to pay tax ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-711", + "question": "Scenario: I am a social worker and also studying in a University. I am studying Bachelor's of Science in Computer science in an open university\n\nQuestion: Do I qualify for Social work bursaries ?\n\nDocument - Social work bursaries:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re training for social work you may get a bursary.\n\nSocial work bursaries:\n\n- help with living costs and tuition fees\n\n- don\u2019t depend on your household income\n\n- don\u2019t have to be paid back\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe social work bursary is a grant that doesn\u2019t depend on your household income and doesn\u2019t have to be paid back.\n\nThe amount you get depends on:\n\n- where you study\n\n- whether you study full or part-time\n\n- the cost of your tuition\n\nGraduates doing an undergraduate social work course can apply for the Maintenance Loan part of the main student finance \npackage.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nSocial work bursaries are paid in 3 instalments, one each term.\n\n## If you\u2019re disabled\n\nYou may be able to get extra help if you\u2019re disabled and a postgraduate student.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nSocial work bursaries are available to eligible social work students who:\n\n- don\u2019t get funding from their employer\n\n- are studying an approved undergraduate or postgraduate course in social work\n\n- don\u2019t already have a higher education social work qualification\n\nYour university or college will tell you if your course qualifies.\n\nUndergraduate students may also be able to get help from the main student finance \npackage - apply to Student Finance England.\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible for a bursary if you\u2019re studying on an employment-based course including direct Open University courses.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to download forms from NHS Business Services Authority. The address to send the form is in the guidance notes.\n\nThe deadline for 2017 to 2018 applications depends on when you start your course:\n\n| Course starts | Application deadline |\n\n| Autumn term | 1 November 2017 |\n\n| Winter term | 14 February 2018 |\n\n## Evidence needed\n\nYou may need to prove your identity by sending both:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- your passport (which must be valid)", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a social worker and also studying in a University. I am studying Bachelor's of Science in Computer science in an open university", + "original_question": "Do I qualify for Social work bursaries ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-713", + "question": "Scenario: A union has requested recognition from my company. They have provided their given name, but no other information has been given to us.\n\nQuestion: Are unions required to give any more information for recognition?\n\nDocument - Employers: recognise a trade union:\n## Overview\n\nAs an employer you may need to work with trade unions that represent groups of your employees, sometimes known as bargaining units.\n\nTrade unions will negotiate with you on working conditions, for example pay and holiday. You need to recognise the trade union before they can negotiate with you.\n\n## How a trade union gets recognition\n\n- The union must ask you to recognise them voluntarily - if you agree to the request then the union is recognised.\n\n- If you do not want to recognise the union and have more than 21 employees, they can apply for statutory recognition from the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC).\n\n## When the union requests recognition\n\nThe union must ask you - the employer - in writing if you\u2019ll agree to recognise them voluntarily.\n\nThe written request must:\n\n- give the name of the union\n\n- identify which employees will be represented by the union when it\u2019s recognised, sometimes known as the bargaining unit\n\n- state that the union is making the request under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\n## Respond to the request\n\nYou have 10 working days to respond to the request.\n\nYou can:\n\n- agree to recognise the union voluntarily - and begin collective bargaining\n\n- reject the request - the union may then apply for statutory recognition\n\n- refuse the initial request but agree to negotiate\n\n## Negotiate with the union\n\nYou have 20 working days, or longer if you agree this with the union, to come to an agreement about:\n\n- which employees are in the bargaining unit\n\n- whether the union should be recognised for collective bargaining\n\nYou have 10 days to suggest that the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) are brought in to assist with the negotiations.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf you cannot agree, or you\u2019ve agreed the bargaining unit but not recognised the union, the union can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for statutory recognition.\n\n## When the union applies for statutory recognition\n\nThe union can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for \u2018statutory recognition\u2019 if you do not agree to recognise them voluntarily.\n\nCAC will accept the trade union\u2019s application for recognition if it meets the requirements, unless you challenge the application.\n\n## Providing information to the CAC\n\nYou may be asked for information by the CAC case manager who is handling the union\u2019s application, for example, how many employees are in the bargaining unit. CAC will still consider the application if you do not provide the information.\n\n## Challenge an application\n\nYou can challenge the application if you think it does not meet the requirements.\n\n## Application requirements\n\nThe union can apply if:\n\n- they\u2019ve sent you a copy of their application and any supporting documents\n\n- they have at least 10% union membership within the proposed bargaining unit\n\n- they have evidence that a majority of employees are in favour of recognition - for example, a petition\n\nThey cannot apply if:\n\n- they\u2019ve applied for recognition in the last 3 years\n\n- they are not a certified independent union\n\n- there\u2019s already a recognition agreement that allows another union to represent employees in the bargaining unit\n\n- another union - representing 10% of the employees in the proposed bargaining unit - has already applied to CAC\n\n## How to complain\n\nCAC will send you a form so you can challenge the application if you think that the union has not met one or more of the requirements.\n\nYou have 5 working days to send it to CAC - the address is on the form.\n\nYou\u2019ll hear from CAC within 10 working days. They may:\n\n- ask for more information so they can make a decision\n\n- reject the application if the union has not met the requirements\n\n- accept the union\u2019s application\n\n## When the CAC accepts a union\u2019s application\n\nYou\u2019ll need to start discussions about which employees the union will represent, sometimes known as the bargaining unit.\n\n## Establishing the bargaining unit\n\nThe \u2018bargaining unit\u2019 is the group of employees that will be represented by the union.\n\nYou can agree who is in this unit with the union as part of your negotiations. If you do not, the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will decide.\n\n## Providing information to the union and the CAC\n\nIf CAC accepts the union\u2019s application for statutory recognition and you have not agreed on the bargaining unit with them, you must send CAC and the union:\n\n- a list of the categories of employees who will be in the proposed bargaining unit, for example, technical and skilled but not managers\n\n- a list of the places where they work\n\n- the number of employees in each category at each workplace\n\nYou have 5 working days to send this from the date the application is accepted.\n\n## How the CAC decides on the bargaining unit\n\nCAC will hold a hearing and decide the bargaining unit based on:\n\n- your views and those of the union\n\n- compatibility with effective management of your company\n\n- existing national and bargaining arrangements\n\n## Work with a \u2018suitable independent person\u2019 (SIP)\n\nWhen the bargaining unit has been agreed the union may ask CAC to appoint a SIP to communicate with employees in the bargaining unit. If this happens, you must give the SIP the names and addresses of:\n\n- employees in the proposed bargaining unit\n\n- any employees who join or leave the bargaining unit\n\nIf you do not provide this information, you\u2019ll get a \u2018remedial order\u2019 from CAC. You must do what the order says or CAC could declare that you must recognise the union.\n\n## When the bargaining unit has been agreed or decided\n\nCAC will decide if there needs to be a ballot of employees.\n\n## Ballot on union recognition\n\nYour employees will be balloted about whether they want the union to be recognised if the majority of employees in the bargaining unit are not members of the union.\n\nThe Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) may hold a ballot even if the majority of your employees are union members but they believe any of the following:\n\n- it\u2019ll help maintain good relations between you and your employees\n\n- there\u2019s evidence that a significant number of union members in the bargaining unit do not want the union to represent them\n\n- there are concerns about why some members joined the union, for example, they were pressured\n\nCAC will ask for your views and the union\u2019s on these issues.\n\n## Before the ballot\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you whether there\u2019ll be a ballot. A ballot can be held at the workplace, by post or both. CAC will ask for your views and the union\u2019s before they decide what kind of ballot to hold.\n\nThe union has 10 days to withdraw its application. If it does not, CAC will appoint a qualified independent person (QIP) to run the ballot.\n\nThe ballot will usually be held within 20 working days of the QIP being appointed.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nThe cost of the ballot is split equally between you and the union.\n\nYou must:\n\n- make sure the union can talk to employees in the bargaining unit - for example, allow them to hold meetings without you\n\n- give CAC a list of names and addresses of employees in the bargaining unit - and update it when people join or leave\n\n- not ask employees to miss meetings, unless it\u2019s absolutely necessary\n\n- not threaten or take any action against a worker because they attended a meeting\n\nThe union can complain to CAC if they think you have not co-operated.\n\n## After the ballot\n\nYou\u2019ll usually find out the result of the vote 48 hours after the ballot closes.\n\nCAC will declare the union is recognised if both:\n\n- the majority of employees in the ballot vote to recognise the union\n\n- at least 40% of the employees in the bargaining unit vote to recognise the union\n\n## If CAC declares the union is recognised\n\nYou must work with the union and work out how to collectively bargain on:\n\n- pay\n\n- hours\n\n- holiday entitlement\n\n## If CAC does not declare the union is recognised\n\nThe union will not be able to apply for statutory recognition for 3 years, but you can still recognise them voluntarily.\n\n## Complaints about and from the union\n\nYou can complain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if the union tries to influence the outcome of a ballot using \u2018unfair practices\u2019, for example, by trying to pressurise employees.\n\nThe Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition has more information.\n\nMake your complaint in writing to CAC. You can complain at any time until the day after the ballot closes.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC may:\n\n- restart the ballot process\n\n- give the union a final warning, sometimes called a \u2018remedial order\u2019\n\nIf the union does not do what the order tells it to do, CAC can cancel the ballot and declare the union is not recognised\n\n## If the union complains\n\nThe union can complain if you:\n\n- do not co-operate with preparations for the ballot\n\n- use unfair practices to change the outcome of the ballot\n\nCAC may give you a final warning if the union\u2019s complaint is successful, sometimes called a \u2018remedial order\u2019.\n\nCAC can also:\n\n- restart the ballot process\n\n- cancel the ballot and declare the union is recognised\n\n## Ending negotiations\n\nYou and the union will not need to continue negotiations if the union withdraws its application. They must do this before the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) either :\n\n- declares them recognised or not recognised\n\n- tells you that they\u2019re holding a ballot of your employees\n\n## You\u2019re recognising the union voluntarily\n\nIf the union is withdrawing its application because you\u2019ve agreed to recognise them, you and the union can tell CAC by sending a \u2018joint notice to cease consideration\u2019. This means CAC will no longer be involved.\n\nSend CAC a letter signed by both you and the representative of the union.\n\nYou must do this before CAC declares the union is recognised or up to the last day of the ballot notification period (10 working days from when CAC told you about the ballot).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trade-union-recognition-employers", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "A union has requested recognition from my company. They have provided their given name, but no other information has been given to us.", + "original_question": "Are unions required to give any more information for recognition?" + }, + { + "id": "train-716", + "question": "Scenario: I have paid my PAYE bill to HMRC, but I have found that I have overpaid. This overpayment is due to a \u00a3100 error in the EPS.\n\nQuestion: Can I get a refund for this amount?\n\nDocument - Fix problems with running payroll:\n## Your PAYE bill is not what you expected\n\nEvery month you have to pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) what you owe as part of running payroll for your employees.\n\nThere are things you should check if your PAYE bill is not what you expected when you view your online account.\n\n## What to check\n\nMake sure you sent your Full Payment Submission (FPS) or Employer Payment Summary (EPS) in time for the account to update.\n\nYou should also check that you:\n\n- used the date you paid your employees on your FPS report, not the date you sent it\n\n- reported other details in your FPS correctly, for example pay and deductions\n\n- reported your EPS correctly, for example to reclaim any statutory pay\n\n- previously paid HMRC the right amount - you may have paid too much or too little if your reports were incorrect\n\n## Employees starting and leaving\n\nCheck that you correctly reported any employees starting or leaving.\n\nYou may get an incorrect bill and duplicate payroll records if you made a mistake. Both are usually corrected automatically - contact HMRC if your PAYE bill is still wrong by the 12th of the next tax month.\n\n## Correcting errors\n\nIf you find a mistake, follow the guidance to:\n\n- correct an error in your FPS or EPS\n\n- correct a payment to HMRC\n\nYou can also correct mistakes if you paid your employee the wrong amount or made incorrect deductions.\n\n## Get help to correct your PAYE bill\n\nContact HMRC\u2019s employer helpline if you need help.\n\n## You made a mistake in your FPS or EPS\n\nYour PAYE bill might be wrong if you made a mistake in your FPS or EPS. You might have to correct:\n\n- pay or deductions\n\n- payment dates\n\n- start or leaving dates for your employee\n\n- employee information\n\n- reports sent in advance\n\n- National Insurance category letters\n\n- amounts in your Employer Payment Summary (EPS)\n\n- the Apprenticeship Levy you owe (starting from April 2017) if you, or employers you\u2019re connected to, have an annual pay bill of more than \u00a33 million\n\nYou\u2019ll only be charged a penalty for a mistake if you did not take reasonable care or did it deliberately.\n\n## If you\u2019ve reported the wrong pay or deductions\n\nTo correct a mistake made in the current tax year, update the year-to-date figures in your next regular Full Payment Submission (FPS).\n\nIf you reported the wrong pay or deductions in the 2020 to 2021 tax year you can correct this by submitting another FPS with the correct year to date figures.\n\nIf you reported the wrong pay or deductions in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax years, you can correct this by submitting an Earlier Year Update (EYU) or a further FPS with the correct year to date figures.\n\nFor earlier tax years, send an EYU showing the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figure. You can only use an EYU for tax years when you were reporting online in real time.\n\nIf your payroll software cannot send an EYU, you can use HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools.\n\nThe rules are different if you find a mistake in your final FPS of the year.\n\n## Correct a pension death benefit or flexibility payment\n\nIf you\u2019re a pension administrator who needs to correct a flexibility payment or death benefit payment, you must:\n\n- select the \u2018pension flexibility payment\u2019 or \u2018pension death benefit payment\u2019 indicator\n\n- update the \u2018pensions drawdown taxable payment\u2019 or \u2019pensions drawdown non-taxable payment\u2019 fields (or both) with the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figures\n\n## If your employee has stopped working for you\n\nInclude them in your next FPS and correct their year-to-date figures. Include their original \u2018Date of leaving\u2019 and put the same or a later \u2018Payment date\u2019 than the one shown on their final FPS.\n\n## Correct the payment date in your FPS\n\nYou should use the date you paid your employees in your FPS.\n\nSend an additional FPS with the correct payment date if you\u2019ve sent one with the wrong payment date. Write \u2018H - correction to earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field.\n\nSend your corrected FPS by the 19th of the tax month after you sent your original FPS. HMRC will apply the correction to the right month.\n\nIf the wrong date was in different tax month, you must realign your payroll to the correct tax period.\n\n## Correct an employee\u2019s start or leaving date\n\nUpdate your payroll records with the correct date if you put the wrong start or leaving date for an employee in your FPS.\n\nDo not report the amendment in your next FPS as this may create a duplicate record for the employee.\n\n## Correct your employee\u2019s personal information\n\nCorrect your next FPS if you\u2019ve made a mistake with your employee\u2019s personal details.\n\nDo not report updates to more than one of your employee\u2019s personal details (for example their name, date of birth or gender) in the same FPS. Your payroll records may be duplicated if you do, and your PAYE bill might be wrong.\n\nIf your employee\u2019s details (for example their address or surname) change:\n\n- they must tell HMRC straight away\n\n- you need to update your payroll records\n\n## Correct FPS reports sent in advance\n\nIf you\u2019ve sent FPS reports in advance that need to be corrected (for example because an employee leaves), you should:\n\n- send another FPS for the tax month the correction relates to, making sure you fill in all relevant fields and revising the year-to-date figures if needed\n\n- correct any other FPS reports you sent in advance that are affected by the change\n\n## Correct an employee\u2019s National Insurance category letter\n\nHow you do this depends on why the category letter changed, and in which tax year.\n\n## You\u2019ve used the wrong category letter in the current tax year or the 2020 to 2021 tax year\n\nReport the mistake in your next FPS.\n\n- Add the category letter you\u2019ve used incorrectly.\n\n- Put \u20180\u2019 in all National Insurance fields for this category letter except \u2018Employee\u2019s NICs this payment\u2019, and enter the amount you have repaid or recovered here, for example put -\u00a3300 if you\u2019re repaying an employee\u2019s overpayment of \u00a3300.\n\n- Add the correct category letter, and enter the correct year-to-date National Insurance for this category letter.\n\n- Put \u20180\u2019 in all National Insurance fields for the incorrect category letter for the rest of the tax year - you do not need to do this if the category should never have been used.\n\nSome software allows you to correct this by adjusting net pay. You\u2019ll still need to keep a record of the change.\n\n## Your employee\u2019s category letter changed during the tax year\n\nIn your next FPS:\n\n- Continue to report year-to-date information for the old category.\n\n- Put \u20180\u2019 in all \u2018In this pay period\u2019 fields for this category, and use the \u2018Employee\u2019s NICs this payment\u2019 field to adjust any underpayment or overpayment of National Insurance.\n\n- Add the correct category letter, and enter the correct year-to-date National Insurance for this category letter.\n\n## If the mistake was in the 2019 to 2020 tax year or earlier\n\nSend an EYU with:\n\n- negative amounts in all the National Insurance year-to-date fields in the incorrect category letter, to reduce the employee\u2019s National Insurance to zero\n\n- the correct category letter and correct year-to-date National Insurance\n\nIf you\u2019re correcting a mistake in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax years, you may be able to send an FPS instead - use your payroll software to check. Send it with the correct category letter and correct year-to-date National Insurance.\n\n## If the mistake caused an overpayment or underpayment\n\nYou must correct your employee\u2019s National Insurance deductions if they paid too little or too much because they were on the wrong category letter.\n\n## Correct an EPS\n\nTo correct a mistake in the current tax year, send an EPS with the correct year-to-date figures.\n\nFor previous tax years, send an EPS with the correct year-to-date figures for the tax year where you made the mistake.\n\n## You paid HMRC the wrong amount\n\nWhat you need to do to correct a payment depends on whether you paid too much or too little, and how the error occurred.\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid HMRC too little\n\nIf you underpaid because of a mistake in your Full Payment Submission (FPS) or Employer Payment Summary (EPS), correct it in your next regular report. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will add the underpayment to your next PAYE bill.\n\nIf you underpaid because you entered the wrong amount when paying HMRC, pay the balance as soon as possible or you may have to pay interest or a penalty. Use your Accounts Office reference when paying.\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid HMRC too much\n\nIf you overpaid because of a mistake in your FPS or EPS, make the correction in your next regular report. HMRC will take the overpayment off your next PAYE bill.\n\nIf you overpaid because you entered the wrong amount when paying HMRC, or you made a duplicate payment, you can balance your account by paying less in your next PAYE bill.\n\nYou can also claim a refund if you\u2019ve overpaid by contacting HMRC\u2019s employer helpline.\n\nHMRC will repay directly into your account if you\u2019ve sent an EPS with your bank details.\n\nWrite to HMRC with your bank details if you cannot include them with your EPS.\n\n## Reclaim an overpayment for a previous tax year\n\nYou must work out why you overpaid before you can reclaim an overpayment for a previous tax year.\n\n## Work out why you overpaid\n\nCompare what you\u2019ve paid HMRC with what you\u2019ve owed in your tax account. You may have overpaid if your payments did not take into account:\n\n- an overpayment carried over from a previous tax year\n\n- statutory pay for parents that you were entitled to reclaim\n\n- any repayments made to employees, for example because you used the wrong tax code\n\n- any corrections to your reports\n\n- student loan deductions\n\n- employees who left, for example because you did not report them correctly to HMRC\n\n- any incentive payments from HMRC to send reports online\n\n- any Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deductions, or if you made deductions incorrectly\n\nYou also may have overpaid if you paid HMRC:\n\n- for the wrong tax year\n\n- more than once for the same bill\n\n- an estimated amount in advance\n\nFor duplicated or estimated payments, tell HMRC what you paid, what you should have paid and why you paid the additional amount.\n\n## Making your claim\n\nOnce you know why you\u2019ve overpaid, you can claim your repayment from HMRC. You\u2019ll need to tell them:\n\n- your business\u2019s name and address\n\n- your PAYE reference - this is in your employer registration letter from HMRC\n\n- your contact telephone number\n\n- how much you\u2019ve overpaid - for each tax year you\u2019re claiming\n\n- the tax month you overpaid in (if possible)\n\n- why you overpaid - for each tax year you\u2019re claiming\n\n- whether you\u2019ve claimed this overpayment before\n\nHMRC will offset the amount against your PAYE bill in the current tax year. If you do not owe anything, they will offset the amount:\n\n- against a PAYE bill from a previous tax year\n\n- against other taxes you owe, for example Corporation Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll only get a refund if you do not owe HMRC any tax.\n\nYou must apply by letter if your company has been dissolved or struck off.\n\n## You paid your employee the wrong amount or made incorrect deductions\n\nYou can correct a mistake with an employee\u2019s pay or deductions by updating the year-to-date figures in your next regular Full Payment Submission (FPS).\n\nYou can also correct it by sending an additional FPS before your next regular FPS is due. You need to:\n\n- update the \u2018this pay period\u2019 figures with the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figures\n\n- correct the year-to-date figures\n\n- put the same payment date as the original FPS\n\n- put the same pay frequency as the original FPS\n\n- put \u2018H - Correction to earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field\n\n## Correct a pension death benefit or flexibility payment\n\nIf you\u2019re a pension administrator who needs to correct a flexibility payment or death benefit payment, you must:\n\n- select the \u2018pension flexibility payment\u2019 or \u2018pension death benefit payment\u2019 indicator\n\n- update the \u2018pensions drawdown taxable payment\u2019 or \u2019pensions drawdown non-taxable payment\u2019 fields (or both) with the difference between what you originally reported and the correct figures\n\n## If you underpaid your employee\n\nPay your employee the amount you underpaid them. On or before the day of this payment, send an additional FPS with:\n\n- the difference between what you originally reported and the correct amount in the \u2018In this pay period\u2019 field\n\n- updated year-to-date figures\n\n- \u2018H - Correction to earlier submission\u2019 in the \u2018Late reporting reason\u2019 field\n\n## Correct an employee\u2019s National Insurance deductions\n\nWhat you need to do depends on when you made the mistake.\n\n## If the mistake was in this tax year\n\nRepay or deduct the balance from your employee. Update the year-to-date figures to the corrected amount in your next regular FPS or send an additional FPS.\n\nIf you deducted too little, you cannot recover more than the employee\u2019s National Insurance contribution due that month.\n\n## If the mistake was in the 2020 to 2021 tax year\n\nSend an FPS with the amount you should have deducted.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to write to HMRC if both the following apply:\n\n- the difference is negative because you deducted or reported too much National Insurance\n\n- you still owe your employee a refund, for example because they\u2019ve left your employment\n\nIn the letter you\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- the reference \u2018Overpaid NI contributions\u2019\n\n- your employee\u2019s name, date of birth and National Insurance number\n\n- why you overpaid National Insurance contributions\n\n- which tax years you overpaid in\n\n- how much National Insurance you overpaid\n\n- why you are unable to make the payment to the employee\n\nFor a claim for one employee, send the letter to:\n\nFor a claim for more than one employee, send the letter to:\n\n## If the mistake was in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax years\n\nSend an FPS with the correct year-to-date National Insurance if:\n\n- your payroll software will let you submit an FPS\n\n- you can pay any National Insurance refunds you owe\n\nIf you cannot use an FPS, send an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between:\n\n- the amount of National Insurance you originally deducted\n\n- the correct amount you should have deducted\n\nIf the difference is negative (because you deducted or reported too much National Insurance), you also need to set the \u2018NIC refund indicator\u2019 to:\n\n- \u2018Yes\u2019 if you\u2019ve refunded your employee or no refund was due\n\n- \u2018No\u2019 if you still owe your employee a refund (for example because they\u2019ve left your employment)\n\n## If the mistake was in the 2017 to 2018 tax year or earlier\n\nSend an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between:\n\n- the amount of National Insurance you originally deducted\n\n- the correct amount you should have deducted\n\nIf the difference is negative (because you deducted or reported too much National Insurance), you also need to set the \u2018NIC refund indicator\u2019 to:\n\n- Yes\u2019 if you\u2019ve refunded your employee or no refund was due\n\n- \u2018No\u2019 if you still owe your employee a refund (for example because they\u2019ve left your employment)\n\n## If there\u2019s an underpayment\n\nIf you deducted too little National Insurance, pay HMRC the underpayment straight away. You can then recover the amount from your employee by making deductions from their pay.\n\nYou cannot recover more than the amount of National Insurance the employee owes in a month (so the employee pays no more than double their normal contribution). Carry over the difference to later months - you can only make deductions in the tax year when you made the mistake and the year after.\n\n## Correct an employee\u2019s student loan repayments\n\nWhat you need to do depends on when you made the mistake.\n\n## If the mistake was in this tax year\n\nRepay or deduct the balance from your employee. Update the year-to-date figures to the corrected amount in your next regular FPS or send an additional FPS.\n\nIf you deducted too little, you cannot recover more than the student loan repayment due that month.\n\n## If the mistake was in the 2020 to 2021 tax year\n\nIf you deducted too little, you do not need to do anything. Your employee should contact the Student Loans Company to find out how it affects them.\n\nIf you deducted too much, you need to repay your employee. Send an FPS with the correct \u2018student loan repayment year to date\u2019 figure as of 5 April for the previous tax year.\n\n## If the mistake was in the 2018 to 2019 or 2019 to 2020 tax year\n\nIf you deducted too little, you do not need to do anything. Your employee should contact the Student Loans Company to find out how it affects them.\n\nIf you deducted too much, you need to repay your employee.\n\nCheck your payroll software to see if you can submit an FPS. If you can, send it with the correct \u2018student loan repayment year to date\u2019 figure as of 5 April for the previous tax year.\n\nOtherwise send an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between what you originally deducted and the correct amount.\n\n## If the mistake was in the 2017 to 2018 tax year or earlier\n\nIf you deducted too little, you do not need to do anything. Your employee should contact the Student Loans Company to find out how it affects them.\n\nIf you deducted too much, you need to repay your employee. Send an Earlier Year Update (EYU) with the difference between what you originally deducted and the correct amount.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/payroll-errors", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have paid my PAYE bill to HMRC, but I have found that I have overpaid. This overpayment is due to a \u00a3100 error in the EPS.", + "original_question": "Can I get a refund for this amount?" + }, + { + "id": "train-717", + "question": "Scenario: I am a student from Spain and studying in an England university. I want to apply for a students loan and have all the required documents.\n\nQuestion: As a EU student, do I need to send proof of identity documents ?\n\nDocument - Student finance: how to apply:\n## How to apply\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you have studied before and your nationality.\n\n## New students from England\n\nMost full-time and part-time students can apply online to Student Finance England.\n\n- Set up a student finance online account.\n\n- Log in and complete the online application.\n\n- Include your household income if needed. Your parent or partner will be asked to confirm these details.\n\n- Send in proof of identity, if needed.\n\nIf you cannot apply online, use the form finder to get the forms you need. You can call Student Finance England if you want to apply online but you cannot use a computer without help.\n\n## Continuing students from England\n\nYou\u2019re a continuing student if you are:\n\n- moving on to the next year of your course\n\n- repeating a year of the same course or returning to a course after taking time out\n\n- transferring onto a new course from your old course\n\nYou should log in to your student finance account and apply online.\n\n## If you\u2019re returning to study after taking time out for personal reasons\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you have studied for more than one year before and you\u2019re going back to your studies after stopping your course because of personal reasons. This could be for things like if you were ill, pregnant, caring for someone or someone close to you died.\n\nYou should log in to your student finance account and apply online.\n\nYou must also send a letter explaining why you suspended your studies with supporting evidence.\n\nThe letter must include:\n\n- your customer reference number for student finance\n\n- an explanation of your situation and why you had to suspend your studies\n\nSupporting evidence can include:\n\n- a letter from your doctor or social services on headed paper\n\n- a letter from your university or college on headed paper\n\n- copies of birth or death certificates\n\nYou might need to send more than one piece of evidence if it helps you to show why you stopped your course.\n\nUse your online account to send the letter and evidence to Student Finance England, or send it by post.\n\nStudent Finance England will send you a letter confirming how much you\u2019ll get, usually within 8 weeks.\n\n## Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for students from Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## New EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, apply online.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, apply by post.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter confirming how much you\u2019ll get, usually within 6 weeks.\n\n## Continuing EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, apply online.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you\u2019ll be sent application forms to fill in and return by post. Check your address is up to date in your student finance account.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou can apply for the following academic years:\n\n- 2021 to 2022 (part-time students can apply from summer 2021)\n\n- 2020 to 2021\n\nYou can still apply for funding up to 9 months after the first day of the academic year for your course.\n\n| Course start date | Apply by |\n\n| Between 1 August and 31 December | 31 May after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 January and 31 March | 30 September after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 April and 30 June | 31 December after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 July and 31 July | 31 March after your course started |\n\nYou do not need a confirmed place to apply.\n\n## EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU student applying for 2021 to 2022, when and how you apply depends on the type of support you want.\n\n## Full-time students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, you can apply online now.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you can apply by post now.\n\n## Part-time students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, you can apply online from summer 2021.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you can apply by post from summer 2021.\n\n## Proof of identity\n\n## Students from England\n\nInclude your valid UK passport details in your application the first time you apply. Fill in the passport details form - do not send the passport itself.\n\n| Academic year | Form |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | UK passport details form 2021 to 2022 (PDF, 49KB) |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | UK passport details form 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 41KB) |\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\n## EU students\n\nSend your non-UK passport or identity card the first time you apply.\n\n## Where to send your documents\n\nAny original documents you send will be returned to you within 4 weeks.\n\n## Students from England\n\n## EU students\n\n## Household income\n\nYou must provide your household income if you apply for any of the following:\n\n- full Maintenance Loan\n\n- Maintenance Grant - not available if your course started on or after 1 August 2016\n\n- Special Support Grant - not available if your course started on or after 1 August 2016\n\n- Childcare Grant\n\n- Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant\n\n- Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide your household income for tax year:\n\n- 2019 to 2020 if you\u2019re applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- 2018 to 2019 if you\u2019re applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nAfter you apply, Student Finance England will ask the people in your household to confirm their income. They might need to provide evidence.\n\n## What counts as household income\n\nYour household income includes any of the following that apply:\n\n- your parents\u2019 income, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially\n\n- the combined income of one of your parents and their partner, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially\n\n- your partner\u2019s income, if you\u2019re over 25 and live with them (even if they spend most of their time abroad)\n\n- income you get from your own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent\n\nIf you\u2019ve supported yourself financially for at least 3 years or had no contact with your parents for over a year, you might be able to apply as an \u2018independent student\u2019.\n\n## Change an application\n\nYou must say if any details in your application change. You\u2019ll need to report some changes yourself. Your parents, partner or sponsor will need to report others.\n\n## Changes you must report\n\n## Full time students\n\nUse your online account to tell Student Finance England if:\n\n- you\u2019ve changed your course, university or college\n\n- you\u2019re repeating a year\n\n- you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\n- your Tuition Fee Loan amount has changed\n\n- you\u2019re living somewhere new\n\n## Part-time students and EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re a part-time or EU student, you\u2019ll need to fill in form CO2 or EUCO1 instead.\n\n| | Student type | Form |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 academic year | Part-time student | CO2 form for 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 94KB) |\n\n| 2019 to 2020 academic year | Part-time student | CO2 form for 2019 to 2020 (PDF, 85KB) |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 academic year | EU student | EUCO1 form for 2021 to 2022 (PDF, 136KB) |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 academic year | EU student | EUCO1 form for 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 146KB) |\n\nUse your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post. The address is on the form.\n\nAfter your course starts you can contact your university or college to change or repeat your course or change your Tuition Fee Loan.\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\nYou must write and tell Student Finance England if you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status. The letter must include:\n\n- your customer reference number\n\n- the date\n\n- your signature\n\n- evidence that you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\nIf you\u2019ve changed your name you must include a copy of one of the following with your letter:\n\n- marriage certificate\n\n- decree absolute\n\n- change of name deed - it must be an enrolled deed poll\n\nIf you\u2019ve changed your marital status, you must include a copy of one of the following with your letter:\n\n- marriage certificate\n\n- decree absolute\n\n- civil partnership final order\n\nUse your online account to send the letter and evidence to Student Finance England, or send it by post.\n\nIf you cannot provide the right document, contact Student Finance England.\n\n## Changes your parents, partner or sponsor must report\n\n## If your household income changes\n\nYour parents or partner must:\n\n- correct any mistakes relating to their household income\n\n- tell Student Finance England if they think their household income will be at least 15% lower than the tax year they submitted details for\n\n## If your parents or sponsor have another child\n\nYour parents or sponsor must tell Student Finance England if they have any more children.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-student-finance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a student from Spain and studying in an England university. I want to apply for a students loan and have all the required documents.", + "original_question": "As a EU student, do I need to send proof of identity documents ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-723", + "question": "Scenario: I have hired a new employee who left their last job on the 20th April 2021. The employee started on the 5th May 2021, and the P45 hasn't been given to me until the 27th July 2021. I'm not sure how I should deal with this. HMRC has not sent me a tax code.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to add the P45's figures from the rest of the financial year onto the payroll?\n\nDocument - Tell HMRC about a new employee:\n## Overview\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) when you take on a new employee and be registered as an employer.\n\nBefore you pay your new starter follow these steps.\n\n- Check you need to pay them through PAYE.\n\n- Get employee information to work out their tax code - if you do not have their P45, use HMRC\u2019s \u2018starter checklist\u2019 (which replaced the P46).\n\n- Find out if they need to repay a student loan.\n\n- Use these details to set up your new employee in your payroll software.\n\n- Register your employee with HMRC using a Full Payment Submission (FPS).\n\nYou must also follow the same steps as when you start employing staff for the first time, for example checking they can work in the UK.\n\n## Check you need to pay someone through PAYE\n\nYou usually have to pay your employees through PAYE if they earn \u00a3120 or more a week (\u00a3520 a month or \u00a36,240 a year).\n\nYou do not need to pay self-employed workers through PAYE.\n\n## Working out if someone is an employee or self-employed\n\nAs a general rule, someone is:\n\n- employed if they work for you and do not have any of the risks associated with running a business\n\n- self-employed if they run their own business and are responsible for its success or failure\n\nYou must check each worker\u2019s employment status to make sure they\u2019re not self-employed. If you get it wrong you may have to pay extra tax, National Insurance, interest and a penalty.\n\n## Temporary or agency workers\n\nYou need to operate PAYE on temporary workers that you pay directly, as long as they\u2019re classed as an employee.\n\nYou do not need to operate PAYE if a worker is paid by an agency, unless the agency\u2019s based abroad and does not have a trading address or representative in the UK.\n\nThere are special rules for harvest workers or shoot beaters employed for less than 2 weeks.\n\n## Employees you only pay once\n\nYou operate PAYE differently for employees you only pay once.\n\nSet up a payroll record with their full name and address. If you give them a payroll ID, make sure it\u2019s unique.\n\nWhen you send your Full Payment Submission (FPS):\n\n- use tax code \u20180T\u2019 on a \u2018Week 1\u2019 or \u2018Month 1\u2019 basis\n\n- put \u2018IO\u2019 in the \u2018Pay frequency\u2019 field\n\n- do not put a start or leaving date\n\nGive your employee a statement showing their pay before and after deductions, and the payment date, for example a payslip or a letter. Do not give them a P45.\n\n## Volunteers\n\nYou do not need to operate PAYE on volunteers if they only get expenses that are not subject to tax or National Insurance - check if their expenses are affected.\n\n## Students\n\nOperate PAYE on students in the same way as you do for other employees.\n\n## Get employee information\n\nYou need to get certain information from your employee so you can set them up with the correct tax code and starter declaration on your payroll software.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get most of this information from the employee\u2019s P45, but they\u2019ll have to fill in a \u2018starter checklist\u2019 (which replaced the P46 form) if they do not have a recent P45.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your employee\u2019s:\n\n- date of birth\n\n- gender\n\n- full address\n\n- start date\n\nFrom your employee\u2019s P45, you\u2019ll need their:\n\n- full name\n\n- leaving date from their last job\n\n- total pay and tax paid to date for the current tax year\n\n- student loan deduction status\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- existing tax code\n\nYou must keep this information in your payroll records for the current year and the 3 following tax years.\n\n## If your employee does not have a P45\n\nAsk your employee for this information if you do not have their P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.\n\nThe P46 form is no longer used.\n\nGet the information by asking your new employee to complete HMRC\u2019s new starter checklist.\n\n## If your employee has more than one P45\n\nYou should use the P45 with the latest date and give the other one back to the employee.\n\nIf they have the same leaving date use the P45 with the highest tax free allowance (or least additional pay for a K code) and give the other one back to the employee.\n\n## Work out your employee\u2019s tax code\n\nWhen you\u2019ve got your employee\u2019s information you can use a tool to:\n\n- work out their tax code and starter declaration\n\n- find out what else to do before you pay your employee for the first time\n\nWork out your employee\u2019s tax code\n\n## Employees you only pay once and secondments from abroad\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to work out tax codes for employees who you only pay once or who are seconded from abroad.\n\n## Student loan repayments\n\nYou should make student loan deductions if any of the following apply:\n\n- your new employee\u2019s P45 shows that deductions should continue\n\n- your new employee tells you they\u2019re repaying a student loan or a postgraduate loan, for example on a starter checklist\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sends you form SL1 or form PGL1 and your employee earns over the income threshold for their loan\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou should follow these steps even if your employee has a P45 from their last job.\n\nAsk your new employee if they have a student loan or a postgraduate loan - they may have both. If they finished their studies after 6 April in the current tax year, they will not start to repay their loan until the next tax year.\n\nRecord their answer in your payroll software. You do not need to calculate their loan recovery repayments - your payroll software will do this for you.\n\nIf your employee has a student loan, ask them to sign in to their repayment account and check which plan to use for deductions. They can contact the Student Loans Company if they\u2019re still not sure.\n\nIf they cannot tell you, use Plan 1 in your payroll software until you get a student loan start notice (SL1).\n\nWhere the employee is on more than one plan, start deductions for the plan with the lowest recovery threshold until you get an SL1. Check the student loan recovery thresholds.\n\nReport these deductions to HMRC when you pay your employee.\n\n## Special rules\n\nIn some cases there are special rules for making student loan deductions. Examples include:\n\n- you\u2019re sent a court order to collect a debt directly from your employee\u2019s earnings\n\n- you change how often you pay your employee, such as from weekly to monthly\n\n- the employee has more than one job with you and you need to aggregate earnings\n\n## Stopping deductions\n\nHMRC will tell you if you need to stop making loan deductions from your employees\u2019 pay. They\u2019ll send you:\n\n- form SL2 for student loans\n\n- form PGL2 for postgraduate loans\n\nDo not stop making deductions if an employee asks you to.\n\n## Registering your new employee\n\nRegister your new employee with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by including their details on a Full Payment Submission (FPS) the first time you pay them.\n\nOn this FPS, include:\n\n- information you\u2019ve collected from them\n\n- the tax code and starter declaration that you\u2019ve worked out\n\n- pay and deductions (for example tax, National Insurance and student loan deductions) since they started working for you - do not include figures from their previous job\n\n## Giving your employee a payroll ID\n\nYou can assign payroll IDs to your employees. The ID must be unique - so use a different one if:\n\n- you re-employ someone - if you do this within the same tax year restart their year-to-date information from \u2018\u00a30.00\u2019\n\n- an employee has more than one job in the same PAYE scheme\n\nIf you re-use a previous payroll ID, you\u2019ll create a duplicate record and report payroll incorrectly.\n\n## Special rules\n\nThere are special rules for making deductions for:\n\n- female employees entitled to reduced National Insurance\n\n- employees you only pay once\n\n- harvest workers and casual beaters\n\n- certain employees with more than one job\n\n## Late P45 or starter checklist\n\nYou may need to update your payroll records if your employee gives you a P45 or starter checklist after you\u2019ve registered them with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou only need a starter checklist from your employee to work out their tax code if they do not have a P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.\n\n## If HMRC has sent you a tax code\n\nUse the tax code that HMRC has sent you if your employee gives you a P45 or starter checklist after you\u2019ve first paid them. Deduct any student loan repayments from the date your employee started with you.\n\n## If HMRC has not sent you a code\n\n## Late P45\n\nUse your employee\u2019s P45 to work out their tax code and update their details in your payroll software.\n\nIf your employee left their last job after 5 April 2021, you should also update both the \u2018Total pay to date\u2019 and \u2018Total tax to date\u2019 fields in your payroll software for the first week you included this information. If your software finds errors, update the fields with the correct figures.\n\n## Late starter checklist\n\nUse your employee\u2019s starter checklist to update the starter declaration in your payroll records.\n\nKeep using the tax code you used in your first Full Payment Submission (FPS) until HMRC sends you a new one.\n\n## When you next pay your employee\n\nDo not enter another start date on the FPS, even if you have not reported a start date before.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-employee", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have hired a new employee who left their last job on the 20th April 2021. The employee started on the 5th May 2021, and the P45 hasn't been given to me until the 27th July 2021. I'm not sure how I should deal with this. HMRC has not sent me a tax code.", + "original_question": "Do I need to add the P45's figures from the rest of the financial year onto the payroll?" + }, + { + "id": "train-724", + "question": "Scenario: I have hired a new person for plumbing in my construction business. I am unsure whether I should treat them as an employee. They own their own business, for which they have full responsibility.\n\nQuestion: Should I treat them as an employee and add them to PAYE?\n\nDocument - Tell HMRC about a new employee:\n## Overview\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) when you take on a new employee and be registered as an employer.\n\nBefore you pay your new starter follow these steps.\n\n- Check you need to pay them through PAYE.\n\n- Get employee information to work out their tax code - if you do not have their P45, use HMRC\u2019s \u2018starter checklist\u2019 (which replaced the P46).\n\n- Find out if they need to repay a student loan.\n\n- Use these details to set up your new employee in your payroll software.\n\n- Register your employee with HMRC using a Full Payment Submission (FPS).\n\nYou must also follow the same steps as when you start employing staff for the first time, for example checking they can work in the UK.\n\n## Check you need to pay someone through PAYE\n\nYou usually have to pay your employees through PAYE if they earn \u00a3120 or more a week (\u00a3520 a month or \u00a36,240 a year).\n\nYou do not need to pay self-employed workers through PAYE.\n\n## Working out if someone is an employee or self-employed\n\nAs a general rule, someone is:\n\n- employed if they work for you and do not have any of the risks associated with running a business\n\n- self-employed if they run their own business and are responsible for its success or failure\n\nYou must check each worker\u2019s employment status to make sure they\u2019re not self-employed. If you get it wrong you may have to pay extra tax, National Insurance, interest and a penalty.\n\n## Temporary or agency workers\n\nYou need to operate PAYE on temporary workers that you pay directly, as long as they\u2019re classed as an employee.\n\nYou do not need to operate PAYE if a worker is paid by an agency, unless the agency\u2019s based abroad and does not have a trading address or representative in the UK.\n\nThere are special rules for harvest workers or shoot beaters employed for less than 2 weeks.\n\n## Employees you only pay once\n\nYou operate PAYE differently for employees you only pay once.\n\nSet up a payroll record with their full name and address. If you give them a payroll ID, make sure it\u2019s unique.\n\nWhen you send your Full Payment Submission (FPS):\n\n- use tax code \u20180T\u2019 on a \u2018Week 1\u2019 or \u2018Month 1\u2019 basis\n\n- put \u2018IO\u2019 in the \u2018Pay frequency\u2019 field\n\n- do not put a start or leaving date\n\nGive your employee a statement showing their pay before and after deductions, and the payment date, for example a payslip or a letter. Do not give them a P45.\n\n## Volunteers\n\nYou do not need to operate PAYE on volunteers if they only get expenses that are not subject to tax or National Insurance - check if their expenses are affected.\n\n## Students\n\nOperate PAYE on students in the same way as you do for other employees.\n\n## Get employee information\n\nYou need to get certain information from your employee so you can set them up with the correct tax code and starter declaration on your payroll software.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get most of this information from the employee\u2019s P45, but they\u2019ll have to fill in a \u2018starter checklist\u2019 (which replaced the P46 form) if they do not have a recent P45.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your employee\u2019s:\n\n- date of birth\n\n- gender\n\n- full address\n\n- start date\n\nFrom your employee\u2019s P45, you\u2019ll need their:\n\n- full name\n\n- leaving date from their last job\n\n- total pay and tax paid to date for the current tax year\n\n- student loan deduction status\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- existing tax code\n\nYou must keep this information in your payroll records for the current year and the 3 following tax years.\n\n## If your employee does not have a P45\n\nAsk your employee for this information if you do not have their P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.\n\nThe P46 form is no longer used.\n\nGet the information by asking your new employee to complete HMRC\u2019s new starter checklist.\n\n## If your employee has more than one P45\n\nYou should use the P45 with the latest date and give the other one back to the employee.\n\nIf they have the same leaving date use the P45 with the highest tax free allowance (or least additional pay for a K code) and give the other one back to the employee.\n\n## Work out your employee\u2019s tax code\n\nWhen you\u2019ve got your employee\u2019s information you can use a tool to:\n\n- work out their tax code and starter declaration\n\n- find out what else to do before you pay your employee for the first time\n\nWork out your employee\u2019s tax code\n\n## Employees you only pay once and secondments from abroad\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to work out tax codes for employees who you only pay once or who are seconded from abroad.\n\n## Student loan repayments\n\nYou should make student loan deductions if any of the following apply:\n\n- your new employee\u2019s P45 shows that deductions should continue\n\n- your new employee tells you they\u2019re repaying a student loan or a postgraduate loan, for example on a starter checklist\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sends you form SL1 or form PGL1 and your employee earns over the income threshold for their loan\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou should follow these steps even if your employee has a P45 from their last job.\n\nAsk your new employee if they have a student loan or a postgraduate loan - they may have both. If they finished their studies after 6 April in the current tax year, they will not start to repay their loan until the next tax year.\n\nRecord their answer in your payroll software. You do not need to calculate their loan recovery repayments - your payroll software will do this for you.\n\nIf your employee has a student loan, ask them to sign in to their repayment account and check which plan to use for deductions. They can contact the Student Loans Company if they\u2019re still not sure.\n\nIf they cannot tell you, use Plan 1 in your payroll software until you get a student loan start notice (SL1).\n\nWhere the employee is on more than one plan, start deductions for the plan with the lowest recovery threshold until you get an SL1. Check the student loan recovery thresholds.\n\nReport these deductions to HMRC when you pay your employee.\n\n## Special rules\n\nIn some cases there are special rules for making student loan deductions. Examples include:\n\n- you\u2019re sent a court order to collect a debt directly from your employee\u2019s earnings\n\n- you change how often you pay your employee, such as from weekly to monthly\n\n- the employee has more than one job with you and you need to aggregate earnings\n\n## Stopping deductions\n\nHMRC will tell you if you need to stop making loan deductions from your employees\u2019 pay. They\u2019ll send you:\n\n- form SL2 for student loans\n\n- form PGL2 for postgraduate loans\n\nDo not stop making deductions if an employee asks you to.\n\n## Registering your new employee\n\nRegister your new employee with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by including their details on a Full Payment Submission (FPS) the first time you pay them.\n\nOn this FPS, include:\n\n- information you\u2019ve collected from them\n\n- the tax code and starter declaration that you\u2019ve worked out\n\n- pay and deductions (for example tax, National Insurance and student loan deductions) since they started working for you - do not include figures from their previous job\n\n## Giving your employee a payroll ID\n\nYou can assign payroll IDs to your employees. The ID must be unique - so use a different one if:\n\n- you re-employ someone - if you do this within the same tax year restart their year-to-date information from \u2018\u00a30.00\u2019\n\n- an employee has more than one job in the same PAYE scheme\n\nIf you re-use a previous payroll ID, you\u2019ll create a duplicate record and report payroll incorrectly.\n\n## Special rules\n\nThere are special rules for making deductions for:\n\n- female employees entitled to reduced National Insurance\n\n- employees you only pay once\n\n- harvest workers and casual beaters\n\n- certain employees with more than one job\n\n## Late P45 or starter checklist\n\nYou may need to update your payroll records if your employee gives you a P45 or starter checklist after you\u2019ve registered them with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou only need a starter checklist from your employee to work out their tax code if they do not have a P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.\n\n## If HMRC has sent you a tax code\n\nUse the tax code that HMRC has sent you if your employee gives you a P45 or starter checklist after you\u2019ve first paid them. Deduct any student loan repayments from the date your employee started with you.\n\n## If HMRC has not sent you a code\n\n## Late P45\n\nUse your employee\u2019s P45 to work out their tax code and update their details in your payroll software.\n\nIf your employee left their last job after 5 April 2021, you should also update both the \u2018Total pay to date\u2019 and \u2018Total tax to date\u2019 fields in your payroll software for the first week you included this information. If your software finds errors, update the fields with the correct figures.\n\n## Late starter checklist\n\nUse your employee\u2019s starter checklist to update the starter declaration in your payroll records.\n\nKeep using the tax code you used in your first Full Payment Submission (FPS) until HMRC sends you a new one.\n\n## When you next pay your employee\n\nDo not enter another start date on the FPS, even if you have not reported a start date before.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-employee", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have hired a new person for plumbing in my construction business. I am unsure whether I should treat them as an employee. They own their own business, for which they have full responsibility.", + "original_question": "Should I treat them as an employee and add them to PAYE?" + }, + { + "id": "train-725", + "question": "Scenario: I am the manager on an office in Telford, and responsible for distributing holiday leave to my employees. One of my employees has a chronic illness that is flaring up this week.\n\nQuestion: Can I make this employee take holiday leave?\n\nDocument - Holiday entitlement:\n## Entitlement\n\nAlmost all workers are legally entitled to 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday a year (known as statutory leave entitlement or annual leave).\n\nThis includes:\n\n- agency workers\n\n- workers with irregular hours\n\n- workers on zero-hours contracts\n\nAn employer can include bank holidays as part of statutory annual leave.\n\nCoronavirus (COVID-19) does not affect workers\u2019 entitlement to holiday pay and leave, except for carrying over leave.\n\n## Statutory annual leave entitlement\n\nMost workers who work a 5-day week must receive at least 28 days\u2019 paid annual leave a year. This is the equivalent of 5.6 weeks of holiday.\n\n## Working part-time\n\nPart-time workers are entitled to at least 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday, but this will amount to fewer than 28 days.\n\nFor example, if they work 3 days a week, they must get at least 16.8 days\u2019 leave a year (3 \u00d7 5.6).\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out a part-time worker\u2019s leave.\n\n## Irregular hours\n\nPeople working irregular hours (like shift workers or term-time workers) are entitled to paid time off for every hour they work.\n\nThey might find it helpful to get an estimate of holiday entitlement by calculating leave based on days or hours worked in an average week.\n\n## Limits on statutory leave\n\nStatutory paid holiday entitlement is limited to 28 days. For example, staff working 6 days a week are only entitled to 28 days\u2019 paid holiday.\n\n## Bank holidays\n\nBank or public holidays do not have to be given as paid leave.\n\nAn employer can choose to include bank holidays as part of a worker\u2019s statutory annual leave.\n\n## Extra leave\n\nAn employer can choose to offer more leave than the legal minimum. They do not have to apply all the rules that apply to statutory leave to the extra leave. For example, a worker might need to be employed for a certain amount of time before they become entitled to it.\n\n## Other aspects of holiday entitlement\n\nWorkers have the right to:\n\n- get paid for leave\n\n- build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday entitlement during maternity, paternity and adoption leave\n\n- build up holiday entitlement while off work sick\n\n- request holiday at the same time as sick leave\n\n## Disputes\n\nPaid annual leave is a legal right that an employer must provide. If a worker thinks their right to leave and pay are not being met there are a number of ways to resolve the dispute.\n\n## Calculate leave entitlement\n\nAnnual leave begins to build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) as soon as a worker starts their job.\n\nAn employer can use a \u2018leave year\u2019 or an \u2018accrual\u2019 system to work out how much leave their staff should get.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out how much leave someone should get.\n\n## Leave year\n\nAn employer should tell their staff the dates of their statutory leave year as soon as they start working, for example, it might run from 1 January to 31 December.\n\nWorkers must take their statutory leave during this time. If a leave year is not set out in a contract then it will start:\n\n- on the first day of a new job (if started after 1 October 1998)\n\n- on 1 October (if started on or before 1 October 1998)\n\nThe leave year and holiday entitlement is not affected by maternity, paternity or adoption leave. The employee still builds up (\u2018accrues\u2019) holiday over these periods.\n\n## Leave entitlement when starting a new job\n\nIf a worker starts their job part-way through a leave year, they\u2019re only entitled to part of their total annual leave for the current leave year. What they get depends on how much of the year is left.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out how much leave someone has left.\n\n## Accrual system\n\nAn employer can use an accrual system to work out a worker\u2019s leave during the first year of the job. Under this system, a worker gets one-twelfth of their leave in each month.\n\n## Carrying over leave\n\nThe worker\u2019s contract says how many days\u2019 leave they can carry over into the next year.\n\nIf a worker gets 28 days\u2019 leave, they can carry over a maximum of 8 days.\n\nIf a worker gets more than 28 days\u2019 leave, their employer may allow them to carry over any additional untaken leave. Check the employment contract, company handbook or intranet to see what the rules say.\n\n## Leave affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWorkers may be able to carry over untaken leave into the next 2 years if they cannot take it because their work is affected by coronavirus.\n\nThey could do this if, for example:\n\n- they need to provide cover for their co-workers and have no other opportunity to take holiday in their leave year\n\n- there will be staff shortages if too many workers take their leave before the end of the leave year\n\n- they\u2019re classed as critical workers, such as healthcare or supermarket workers\n\nIf a worker is able to take leave, the standard rules for carrying over leave still apply.\n\n## Workers on parental or sick leave\n\nIf a worker cannot take all of their leave entitlement because they\u2019re already on a different type of leave (for example sick, maternity or parental leave), they can carry over some or all of the untaken leave into the next leave year.\n\nAn employer must allow a worker to carry over a maximum of 20 of their 28 days\u2019 leave entitlement if the worker could not take annual leave because they were off sick.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nWorkers are entitled to a week\u2019s pay for each week of statutory leave that they take.\n\nMost workers are entitled to 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday a year. You can use the holiday calculator to work out how much leave someone should get.\n\nA week\u2019s pay is worked out according to the kind of hours someone works and how they\u2019re paid for the hours. This includes full-time, part-time, term-time and casual workers.\n\n| Working pattern | How a week\u2019s pay is calculated |\n\n| Fixed hours and fixed pay (full- or part-time) | A worker\u2019s pay for a week |\n\n| Shift work with fixed hours (full- or part-time) | The average number of weekly fixed hours a worker has worked in the previous 52 weeks, at their average hourly rate |\n\n| No fixed hours (casual work, including zero-hours contracts) | A worker\u2019s average pay from the previous 52 weeks (only counting weeks in which they were paid) |\n\n## Calculating average hourly or weekly rate\n\nTo calculate average hourly rate, only the hours worked and how much was paid for them should be counted. Take the average rate over the last 52 weeks.\n\nA \u2018week\u2019 usually runs from Sunday to Saturday. Only use another 7-day period (like Thursday to Wednesday) if that\u2019s how a worker\u2019s pay is calculated.\n\nIf no pay was paid in any week, count back another week so the rate is based on 52 weeks in which pay was paid. You can count back a maximum of 104 weeks to find these.\n\nIf a worker has less than 52 weeks of pay, use the average pay rate for the full weeks they have worked.\n\n## Workers who are paid monthly\n\nTo work out a week\u2019s pay for someone who\u2019s paid monthly:\n\n- Calculate the worker\u2019s average hourly pay for the last month. Do this by dividing the month\u2019s pay by the number of hours worked in the month.\n\n- Calculate the weekly pay. Do this by multiplying the average hourly pay by the number of hours worked in a week.\n\nUse the weekly pay calculation for each of the last 52 weeks to work out an average week\u2019s pay.\n\n## Rolled-up holiday pay\n\nHoliday pay should be paid for the time when annual leave is taken. An employer cannot include an amount for holiday pay in the hourly rate (known as \u2018rolled-up holiday pay\u2019).\n\nIf a current contract still includes rolled-up pay, it needs to be re-negotiated.\n\n## More information\n\nThere\u2019s guidance for calculating holiday pay for workers without fixed hours or pay, which includes several examples.\n\nYou can also contact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) with questions about general holiday pay issues.\n\n## Booking time off\n\nThe general notice period for taking leave is at least twice as long as the amount of leave a worker wants to take, plus 1 day. For example, a worker would give 3 days\u2019 notice for 1 day\u2019s leave.\n\nAn employer can refuse a leave request or cancel leave but they must give as much notice as the amount of leave requested, plus 1 day. For example, an employer would give 11 days\u2019 notice if the worker asked for 10 days\u2019 leave.\n\nIf the contract says something different about the notice a worker or employer should give, what\u2019s in the contract will apply.\n\nAlthough employers can refuse to give leave at a certain time, they cannot refuse to let workers take the leave at all.\n\n## Part leave days\n\nSome workers may be entitled to a part leave day - for example if they\u2019re part-time or have a half day\u2019s leave to take. How a part day should be taken is up to the employer.\n\n## When leave can and cannot be taken\n\nEmployers can:\n\n- tell their staff to take leave, for example bank holidays or Christmas\n\n- restrict when leave can be taken, for example at certain busy periods\n\nThere may be rules about this in the employment contract or it may be what normally happens in the workplace.\n\nThe notice period for this is at least twice as long as the leave they want their staff to take. The employer must tell the worker before the notice period begins.\n\nIf an employer wants a worker to take leave, they need to make sure that the worker can relax, rest and enjoy leisure during their holiday. For example, an employer cannot force a sick worker to take leave.\n\n## Taking holiday before leaving a job\n\nDuring their notice period the worker may be able to take whatever is left of their statutory annual leave.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work this out. How much they get depends on how much of the holiday year has passed.\n\n## Taking more leave than the entitlement\n\nIf a worker has taken more leave than they\u2019re entitled to, their employer must not take money from their final pay unless it\u2019s been agreed beforehand in writing. The rules in this situation should be outlined in the employment contract, company handbook or intranet.\n\n## Getting paid instead of taking holidays\n\nThe only time someone can get paid in place of taking statutory leave (known as \u2018payment in lieu\u2019) is when they leave their job. Employers must pay for untaken statutory leave, even if the worker is dismissed for gross misconduct.\n\nIf an employer offers more than 5.6 weeks\u2019 annual leave, they can agree separate arrangements for the extra leave.\n\n## Zero-hours contracts\n\nWhen a worker on a zero-hours contract has not worked for 4 weeks, this may be treated as the end of the employment. The employer will usually pay the worker for untaken leave, even if they\u2019re going to offer them more work later.\n\n## Workers on furlough because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWorkers have the right to build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday entitlement while they\u2019re on temporary leave (\u2018furloughed\u2019) because of coronavirus (COVID-19). They can also take leave while on furlough.\n\n## Bank holidays\n\nIf a furloughed worker is not working on a bank holiday they usually take as paid leave, they can agree with their employer to either:\n\n- take it as normal\n\n- take it at a later date\n\nAn employer must give a worker at least 2 days\u2019 notice if they want them to take a bank holiday as paid leave, unless the worker\u2019s employment contract says something different.\n\nThe employer must tell the worker at least one day in advance of giving 2 days\u2019 notice.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nAn employer can continue to claim for a furloughed worker\u2019s wages when the worker takes annual leave.\n\nCalculate holiday pay as normal for any time the worker was furloughed. If the holiday pay turns out to be more than the worker was paid during this time, their employer must pay the difference.\n\n## Agency workers\n\nAgency workers with \u2018worker status\u2019, including those who use an umbrella company, have their usual holiday entitlement when on furlough.\n\nTheir employer can claim a grant to help cover the cost of their wages.\n\nHoliday entitlement for those without worker status remains the same and depends on their contract.\n\nAgency workers may also be able to carry holiday into future leave years.\n\n## More information\n\nThere\u2019s more guidance on holiday entitlement and pay during coronavirus.\nYou can also find out more about holiday entitlement during coronavirus on the Acas website.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the manager on an office in Telford, and responsible for distributing holiday leave to my employees. One of my employees has a chronic illness that is flaring up this week.", + "original_question": "Can I make this employee take holiday leave?" + }, + { + "id": "train-726", + "question": "Scenario: I just handed in my notice for my office job in Dundee. I have a notice period of 4 weeks.\n\nQuestion: Can I take what is left of my annual leave entitlement during this time?\n\nDocument - Holiday entitlement:\n## Entitlement\n\nAlmost all workers are legally entitled to 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday a year (known as statutory leave entitlement or annual leave).\n\nThis includes:\n\n- agency workers\n\n- workers with irregular hours\n\n- workers on zero-hours contracts\n\nAn employer can include bank holidays as part of statutory annual leave.\n\nCoronavirus (COVID-19) does not affect workers\u2019 entitlement to holiday pay and leave, except for carrying over leave.\n\n## Statutory annual leave entitlement\n\nMost workers who work a 5-day week must receive at least 28 days\u2019 paid annual leave a year. This is the equivalent of 5.6 weeks of holiday.\n\n## Working part-time\n\nPart-time workers are entitled to at least 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday, but this will amount to fewer than 28 days.\n\nFor example, if they work 3 days a week, they must get at least 16.8 days\u2019 leave a year (3 \u00d7 5.6).\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out a part-time worker\u2019s leave.\n\n## Irregular hours\n\nPeople working irregular hours (like shift workers or term-time workers) are entitled to paid time off for every hour they work.\n\nThey might find it helpful to get an estimate of holiday entitlement by calculating leave based on days or hours worked in an average week.\n\n## Limits on statutory leave\n\nStatutory paid holiday entitlement is limited to 28 days. For example, staff working 6 days a week are only entitled to 28 days\u2019 paid holiday.\n\n## Bank holidays\n\nBank or public holidays do not have to be given as paid leave.\n\nAn employer can choose to include bank holidays as part of a worker\u2019s statutory annual leave.\n\n## Extra leave\n\nAn employer can choose to offer more leave than the legal minimum. They do not have to apply all the rules that apply to statutory leave to the extra leave. For example, a worker might need to be employed for a certain amount of time before they become entitled to it.\n\n## Other aspects of holiday entitlement\n\nWorkers have the right to:\n\n- get paid for leave\n\n- build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday entitlement during maternity, paternity and adoption leave\n\n- build up holiday entitlement while off work sick\n\n- request holiday at the same time as sick leave\n\n## Disputes\n\nPaid annual leave is a legal right that an employer must provide. If a worker thinks their right to leave and pay are not being met there are a number of ways to resolve the dispute.\n\n## Calculate leave entitlement\n\nAnnual leave begins to build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) as soon as a worker starts their job.\n\nAn employer can use a \u2018leave year\u2019 or an \u2018accrual\u2019 system to work out how much leave their staff should get.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out how much leave someone should get.\n\n## Leave year\n\nAn employer should tell their staff the dates of their statutory leave year as soon as they start working, for example, it might run from 1 January to 31 December.\n\nWorkers must take their statutory leave during this time. If a leave year is not set out in a contract then it will start:\n\n- on the first day of a new job (if started after 1 October 1998)\n\n- on 1 October (if started on or before 1 October 1998)\n\nThe leave year and holiday entitlement is not affected by maternity, paternity or adoption leave. The employee still builds up (\u2018accrues\u2019) holiday over these periods.\n\n## Leave entitlement when starting a new job\n\nIf a worker starts their job part-way through a leave year, they\u2019re only entitled to part of their total annual leave for the current leave year. What they get depends on how much of the year is left.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out how much leave someone has left.\n\n## Accrual system\n\nAn employer can use an accrual system to work out a worker\u2019s leave during the first year of the job. Under this system, a worker gets one-twelfth of their leave in each month.\n\n## Carrying over leave\n\nThe worker\u2019s contract says how many days\u2019 leave they can carry over into the next year.\n\nIf a worker gets 28 days\u2019 leave, they can carry over a maximum of 8 days.\n\nIf a worker gets more than 28 days\u2019 leave, their employer may allow them to carry over any additional untaken leave. Check the employment contract, company handbook or intranet to see what the rules say.\n\n## Leave affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWorkers may be able to carry over untaken leave into the next 2 years if they cannot take it because their work is affected by coronavirus.\n\nThey could do this if, for example:\n\n- they need to provide cover for their co-workers and have no other opportunity to take holiday in their leave year\n\n- there will be staff shortages if too many workers take their leave before the end of the leave year\n\n- they\u2019re classed as critical workers, such as healthcare or supermarket workers\n\nIf a worker is able to take leave, the standard rules for carrying over leave still apply.\n\n## Workers on parental or sick leave\n\nIf a worker cannot take all of their leave entitlement because they\u2019re already on a different type of leave (for example sick, maternity or parental leave), they can carry over some or all of the untaken leave into the next leave year.\n\nAn employer must allow a worker to carry over a maximum of 20 of their 28 days\u2019 leave entitlement if the worker could not take annual leave because they were off sick.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nWorkers are entitled to a week\u2019s pay for each week of statutory leave that they take.\n\nMost workers are entitled to 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday a year. You can use the holiday calculator to work out how much leave someone should get.\n\nA week\u2019s pay is worked out according to the kind of hours someone works and how they\u2019re paid for the hours. This includes full-time, part-time, term-time and casual workers.\n\n| Working pattern | How a week\u2019s pay is calculated |\n\n| Fixed hours and fixed pay (full- or part-time) | A worker\u2019s pay for a week |\n\n| Shift work with fixed hours (full- or part-time) | The average number of weekly fixed hours a worker has worked in the previous 52 weeks, at their average hourly rate |\n\n| No fixed hours (casual work, including zero-hours contracts) | A worker\u2019s average pay from the previous 52 weeks (only counting weeks in which they were paid) |\n\n## Calculating average hourly or weekly rate\n\nTo calculate average hourly rate, only the hours worked and how much was paid for them should be counted. Take the average rate over the last 52 weeks.\n\nA \u2018week\u2019 usually runs from Sunday to Saturday. Only use another 7-day period (like Thursday to Wednesday) if that\u2019s how a worker\u2019s pay is calculated.\n\nIf no pay was paid in any week, count back another week so the rate is based on 52 weeks in which pay was paid. You can count back a maximum of 104 weeks to find these.\n\nIf a worker has less than 52 weeks of pay, use the average pay rate for the full weeks they have worked.\n\n## Workers who are paid monthly\n\nTo work out a week\u2019s pay for someone who\u2019s paid monthly:\n\n- Calculate the worker\u2019s average hourly pay for the last month. Do this by dividing the month\u2019s pay by the number of hours worked in the month.\n\n- Calculate the weekly pay. Do this by multiplying the average hourly pay by the number of hours worked in a week.\n\nUse the weekly pay calculation for each of the last 52 weeks to work out an average week\u2019s pay.\n\n## Rolled-up holiday pay\n\nHoliday pay should be paid for the time when annual leave is taken. An employer cannot include an amount for holiday pay in the hourly rate (known as \u2018rolled-up holiday pay\u2019).\n\nIf a current contract still includes rolled-up pay, it needs to be re-negotiated.\n\n## More information\n\nThere\u2019s guidance for calculating holiday pay for workers without fixed hours or pay, which includes several examples.\n\nYou can also contact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) with questions about general holiday pay issues.\n\n## Booking time off\n\nThe general notice period for taking leave is at least twice as long as the amount of leave a worker wants to take, plus 1 day. For example, a worker would give 3 days\u2019 notice for 1 day\u2019s leave.\n\nAn employer can refuse a leave request or cancel leave but they must give as much notice as the amount of leave requested, plus 1 day. For example, an employer would give 11 days\u2019 notice if the worker asked for 10 days\u2019 leave.\n\nIf the contract says something different about the notice a worker or employer should give, what\u2019s in the contract will apply.\n\nAlthough employers can refuse to give leave at a certain time, they cannot refuse to let workers take the leave at all.\n\n## Part leave days\n\nSome workers may be entitled to a part leave day - for example if they\u2019re part-time or have a half day\u2019s leave to take. How a part day should be taken is up to the employer.\n\n## When leave can and cannot be taken\n\nEmployers can:\n\n- tell their staff to take leave, for example bank holidays or Christmas\n\n- restrict when leave can be taken, for example at certain busy periods\n\nThere may be rules about this in the employment contract or it may be what normally happens in the workplace.\n\nThe notice period for this is at least twice as long as the leave they want their staff to take. The employer must tell the worker before the notice period begins.\n\nIf an employer wants a worker to take leave, they need to make sure that the worker can relax, rest and enjoy leisure during their holiday. For example, an employer cannot force a sick worker to take leave.\n\n## Taking holiday before leaving a job\n\nDuring their notice period the worker may be able to take whatever is left of their statutory annual leave.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work this out. How much they get depends on how much of the holiday year has passed.\n\n## Taking more leave than the entitlement\n\nIf a worker has taken more leave than they\u2019re entitled to, their employer must not take money from their final pay unless it\u2019s been agreed beforehand in writing. The rules in this situation should be outlined in the employment contract, company handbook or intranet.\n\n## Getting paid instead of taking holidays\n\nThe only time someone can get paid in place of taking statutory leave (known as \u2018payment in lieu\u2019) is when they leave their job. Employers must pay for untaken statutory leave, even if the worker is dismissed for gross misconduct.\n\nIf an employer offers more than 5.6 weeks\u2019 annual leave, they can agree separate arrangements for the extra leave.\n\n## Zero-hours contracts\n\nWhen a worker on a zero-hours contract has not worked for 4 weeks, this may be treated as the end of the employment. The employer will usually pay the worker for untaken leave, even if they\u2019re going to offer them more work later.\n\n## Workers on furlough because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWorkers have the right to build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday entitlement while they\u2019re on temporary leave (\u2018furloughed\u2019) because of coronavirus (COVID-19). They can also take leave while on furlough.\n\n## Bank holidays\n\nIf a furloughed worker is not working on a bank holiday they usually take as paid leave, they can agree with their employer to either:\n\n- take it as normal\n\n- take it at a later date\n\nAn employer must give a worker at least 2 days\u2019 notice if they want them to take a bank holiday as paid leave, unless the worker\u2019s employment contract says something different.\n\nThe employer must tell the worker at least one day in advance of giving 2 days\u2019 notice.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nAn employer can continue to claim for a furloughed worker\u2019s wages when the worker takes annual leave.\n\nCalculate holiday pay as normal for any time the worker was furloughed. If the holiday pay turns out to be more than the worker was paid during this time, their employer must pay the difference.\n\n## Agency workers\n\nAgency workers with \u2018worker status\u2019, including those who use an umbrella company, have their usual holiday entitlement when on furlough.\n\nTheir employer can claim a grant to help cover the cost of their wages.\n\nHoliday entitlement for those without worker status remains the same and depends on their contract.\n\nAgency workers may also be able to carry holiday into future leave years.\n\n## More information\n\nThere\u2019s more guidance on holiday entitlement and pay during coronavirus.\nYou can also find out more about holiday entitlement during coronavirus on the Acas website.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I just handed in my notice for my office job in Dundee. I have a notice period of 4 weeks.", + "original_question": "Can I take what is left of my annual leave entitlement during this time?" + }, + { + "id": "train-729", + "question": "Scenario: My employee is adopting a child from Spain. They have been employed for 36 weeks at the time they have informed me about the adoption. They have given all of the relevant information. And they are requesting statutory adoption pay.\n\nQuestion: Is this employee eligible for statutory adoption pay?\n\nDocument - Statutory Adoption Pay and Leave: employer guide:\n## Entitlement\n\nWhen an employee takes time off to adopt a child or have a child through a surrogacy arrangement they might be eligible for Statutory Adoption Pay and Leave.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nEmployees can take up to 52 weeks\u2019 Statutory Adoption Leave. The first 26 weeks is known as \u2018Ordinary Adoption Leave\u2019, the last 26 weeks as \u2018Additional Adoption Leave\u2019.\n\nLeave can start:\n\n- on the date the child starts living with the employee or up to 14 days before the expected placement date (UK adoptions)\n\n- when an employee has been matched with a child to be placed with them by a UK adoption agency\n\n- when the child arrives in the UK or within 28 days of this date (overseas adoptions)\n\n- the day the child\u2019s born or the day after (parents in surrogacy arrangements)\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nStatutory Adoption Pay (SAP) for employees is:\n\n- 90% of their gross average weekly earnings for the first 6 weeks\n\n- \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their gross average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks\n\nTax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s adoption leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator.\n\nSome employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nYou can offer more than the statutory amounts if you have a company scheme for adoption leave and pay. You must make sure your scheme\u2019s policies are clear and available to staff.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during adoption leave. You still have to pay Statutory Adoption Pay even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nSome employees will not qualify for both leave and pay.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- be classed as an employee\n\nThey do not have to give you proof of the adoption or surrogacy unless you ask for it.\n\n## Leave for employees adopting a child from overseas\n\nEmployee must also sign form SC6 if they\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms they\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the week they were matched with a child\n\n- be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week in an 8-week period - the \u2018relevant period\u2019\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- give you proof of the adoption\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nUse the adoption pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their matching week, relevant period, notice period and adoption pay.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave, become sick or if they or their child dies.\n\n## Pay for employees adopting a child from overseas\n\nThe requirements are the same for employees adopting from overseas, except they must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks at the start of the week when the pay will begin.\n\nThey must also sign form SC6 if they\u2019re adopting with a partner. This confirms they\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.\n\n## Pay for employees in surrogacy arrangements\n\nThe requirements are the same for employees in surrogacy arrangements, except they must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the 15th week before the baby is due.\n\nIf you ask for it, they must also give you proof that they intend to become the baby\u2019s legal parent.\n\n## Who cannot qualify\n\nEmployees will not qualify for either adoption leave or pay if they:\n\n- become a special guardian or kinship carer\n\n- adopt a stepchild or family member\n\n- adopt privately, for example without permission from a UK authority or adoption agency\n\n## Notice period\n\nNotice does not have to be in writing unless you request it.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nEmployees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice before they want to be paid Statutory Adoption Pay, unless the time between the child being matched and placed is less than that.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nWithin 7 days of being matched with a child, employees must tell you:\n\n- how much leave they want\n\n- their leave start date\n\n- the \u2018date of placement\u2019 - the expected or actual date the child is placed with them\n\nYou have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.\n\nThere are different rules for overseas adoptions and surrogacy arrangements.\n\n## Leave for employees adopting a child from overseas\n\nWithin 28 days of getting their \u2018official notification\u2019, employees adopting from overseas must tell you the date of the notification and when they expect the child to arrive in the UK.\n\nIf they\u2019ve worked for you for less than 26 weeks, they can tell you within 28 days of the Sunday in their 26th week instead.\n\nThey must also tell you:\n\n- the actual date the child arrives in the UK - within 28 days of this date\n\n- how much leave they want and when they want it to start - giving you 28 days\u2019 notice\n\nYou have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.\n\n## Leave for employees in surrogacy arrangements\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the due date, employees in surrogacy arrangements must tell you when the baby is due and when they want to start their leave. You can ask for this in writing.\n\nYou have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.\n\n## Changes to leave dates\n\nEmployees must tell you about changes to leave dates at least 28 days before their original start date or the new start date - whichever is earlier.\n\nYou must write to them if you have to amend their leave start and end dates.\n\nEmployees must give 8 weeks\u2019 notice if they want to change the date they return to work.\n\n## Proof of adoption\n\nEmployees must give you proof of adoption to qualify for Statutory Adoption Pay. Proof is not needed for Statutory Adoption Leave unless you ask for it.\n\nFor adoption, the proof must show the:\n\n- name and address of the agency and employee\n\n- date the child was matched, for example the matching certificate\n\n- expected or actual date of placement, for example a letter from the agency\n\n- relevant UK authority\u2019s \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming the parent is allowed to adopt (overseas adoptions only)\n\n- date the child arrived in the UK, for example a plane ticket (overseas adoptions only)\n\nYou must keep records of the proof.\n\n## Surrogacy arrangements\n\nProof is not needed for leave or pay unless you ask for it.\n\nIf you ask, employees must give you a written statement (\u2018statutory declaration\u2019) to confirm that they:\n\n- intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth\n\n- expect the order to be granted (for example because they do not have any convictions involving children, and the birth mother or father agree to the arrangement)\n\n## Refusing pay or leave\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nYou cannot refuse adoption leave or change the amount of leave employees want to take off.\n\nFor adoption, you can delay the start date if the employee does not have a reasonable excuse for giving you the wrong amount of notice. To delay it, write to them within 28 days of their leave request.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Adoption Pay if the employee does not qualify.\n\nTo refuse it, give the employee form SAP1 within 7 days of your decision. They must get this form within 28 days of their request for Statutory Adoption Pay or the date they were matched with the child (whichever is earlier).\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- proof of adoption\n\n- the date Statutory Adoption Pay started\n\n- the payments of Statutory Adoption Pay you\u2019ve made - including dates\n\n- the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to (for example by using form SAP2 or keeping your own records).\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-adoption-pay-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My employee is adopting a child from Spain. They have been employed for 36 weeks at the time they have informed me about the adoption. They have given all of the relevant information. And they are requesting statutory adoption pay.", + "original_question": "Is this employee eligible for statutory adoption pay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-730", + "question": "Scenario: An employee has notified me 7 days after getting matched with a child. They have said they want start the paid leave 15 days from now. This seems quite soon.\n\nQuestion: Is there a minimum time for notice regarding paid leave?\n\nDocument - Statutory Adoption Pay and Leave: employer guide:\n## Entitlement\n\nWhen an employee takes time off to adopt a child or have a child through a surrogacy arrangement they might be eligible for Statutory Adoption Pay and Leave.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nEmployees can take up to 52 weeks\u2019 Statutory Adoption Leave. The first 26 weeks is known as \u2018Ordinary Adoption Leave\u2019, the last 26 weeks as \u2018Additional Adoption Leave\u2019.\n\nLeave can start:\n\n- on the date the child starts living with the employee or up to 14 days before the expected placement date (UK adoptions)\n\n- when an employee has been matched with a child to be placed with them by a UK adoption agency\n\n- when the child arrives in the UK or within 28 days of this date (overseas adoptions)\n\n- the day the child\u2019s born or the day after (parents in surrogacy arrangements)\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nStatutory Adoption Pay (SAP) for employees is:\n\n- 90% of their gross average weekly earnings for the first 6 weeks\n\n- \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their gross average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks\n\nTax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s adoption leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator.\n\nSome employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nYou can offer more than the statutory amounts if you have a company scheme for adoption leave and pay. You must make sure your scheme\u2019s policies are clear and available to staff.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during adoption leave. You still have to pay Statutory Adoption Pay even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nSome employees will not qualify for both leave and pay.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- be classed as an employee\n\nThey do not have to give you proof of the adoption or surrogacy unless you ask for it.\n\n## Leave for employees adopting a child from overseas\n\nEmployee must also sign form SC6 if they\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms they\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the week they were matched with a child\n\n- be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week in an 8-week period - the \u2018relevant period\u2019\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- give you proof of the adoption\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nUse the adoption pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their matching week, relevant period, notice period and adoption pay.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave, become sick or if they or their child dies.\n\n## Pay for employees adopting a child from overseas\n\nThe requirements are the same for employees adopting from overseas, except they must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks at the start of the week when the pay will begin.\n\nThey must also sign form SC6 if they\u2019re adopting with a partner. This confirms they\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.\n\n## Pay for employees in surrogacy arrangements\n\nThe requirements are the same for employees in surrogacy arrangements, except they must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the 15th week before the baby is due.\n\nIf you ask for it, they must also give you proof that they intend to become the baby\u2019s legal parent.\n\n## Who cannot qualify\n\nEmployees will not qualify for either adoption leave or pay if they:\n\n- become a special guardian or kinship carer\n\n- adopt a stepchild or family member\n\n- adopt privately, for example without permission from a UK authority or adoption agency\n\n## Notice period\n\nNotice does not have to be in writing unless you request it.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nEmployees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice before they want to be paid Statutory Adoption Pay, unless the time between the child being matched and placed is less than that.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nWithin 7 days of being matched with a child, employees must tell you:\n\n- how much leave they want\n\n- their leave start date\n\n- the \u2018date of placement\u2019 - the expected or actual date the child is placed with them\n\nYou have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.\n\nThere are different rules for overseas adoptions and surrogacy arrangements.\n\n## Leave for employees adopting a child from overseas\n\nWithin 28 days of getting their \u2018official notification\u2019, employees adopting from overseas must tell you the date of the notification and when they expect the child to arrive in the UK.\n\nIf they\u2019ve worked for you for less than 26 weeks, they can tell you within 28 days of the Sunday in their 26th week instead.\n\nThey must also tell you:\n\n- the actual date the child arrives in the UK - within 28 days of this date\n\n- how much leave they want and when they want it to start - giving you 28 days\u2019 notice\n\nYou have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.\n\n## Leave for employees in surrogacy arrangements\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the due date, employees in surrogacy arrangements must tell you when the baby is due and when they want to start their leave. You can ask for this in writing.\n\nYou have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.\n\n## Changes to leave dates\n\nEmployees must tell you about changes to leave dates at least 28 days before their original start date or the new start date - whichever is earlier.\n\nYou must write to them if you have to amend their leave start and end dates.\n\nEmployees must give 8 weeks\u2019 notice if they want to change the date they return to work.\n\n## Proof of adoption\n\nEmployees must give you proof of adoption to qualify for Statutory Adoption Pay. Proof is not needed for Statutory Adoption Leave unless you ask for it.\n\nFor adoption, the proof must show the:\n\n- name and address of the agency and employee\n\n- date the child was matched, for example the matching certificate\n\n- expected or actual date of placement, for example a letter from the agency\n\n- relevant UK authority\u2019s \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming the parent is allowed to adopt (overseas adoptions only)\n\n- date the child arrived in the UK, for example a plane ticket (overseas adoptions only)\n\nYou must keep records of the proof.\n\n## Surrogacy arrangements\n\nProof is not needed for leave or pay unless you ask for it.\n\nIf you ask, employees must give you a written statement (\u2018statutory declaration\u2019) to confirm that they:\n\n- intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth\n\n- expect the order to be granted (for example because they do not have any convictions involving children, and the birth mother or father agree to the arrangement)\n\n## Refusing pay or leave\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nYou cannot refuse adoption leave or change the amount of leave employees want to take off.\n\nFor adoption, you can delay the start date if the employee does not have a reasonable excuse for giving you the wrong amount of notice. To delay it, write to them within 28 days of their leave request.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Adoption Pay if the employee does not qualify.\n\nTo refuse it, give the employee form SAP1 within 7 days of your decision. They must get this form within 28 days of their request for Statutory Adoption Pay or the date they were matched with the child (whichever is earlier).\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- proof of adoption\n\n- the date Statutory Adoption Pay started\n\n- the payments of Statutory Adoption Pay you\u2019ve made - including dates\n\n- the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to (for example by using form SAP2 or keeping your own records).\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-adoption-pay-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "An employee has notified me 7 days after getting matched with a child. They have said they want start the paid leave 15 days from now. This seems quite soon.", + "original_question": "Is there a minimum time for notice regarding paid leave?" + }, + { + "id": "train-733", + "question": "Scenario: I am the acting human resources manager for a medical devices company in London, which currently has 27 employees. We are about to recruit our first newly-qualified graduates into our workforce, and expect most (if not all) of them to have outstanding student loan repayment obligations.\n\nQuestion: Are we obliged to ask new hires about their student loans, or is it up to the employee to voluntarily disclose them?\n\nDocument - Tell HMRC about a new employee:\n## Overview\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) when you take on a new employee and be registered as an employer.\n\nBefore you pay your new starter follow these steps.\n\n- Check you need to pay them through PAYE.\n\n- Get employee information to work out their tax code - if you do not have their P45, use HMRC\u2019s \u2018starter checklist\u2019 (which replaced the P46).\n\n- Find out if they need to repay a student loan.\n\n- Use these details to set up your new employee in your payroll software.\n\n- Register your employee with HMRC using a Full Payment Submission (FPS).\n\nYou must also follow the same steps as when you start employing staff for the first time, for example checking they can work in the UK.\n\n## Check you need to pay someone through PAYE\n\nYou usually have to pay your employees through PAYE if they earn \u00a3120 or more a week (\u00a3520 a month or \u00a36,240 a year).\n\nYou do not need to pay self-employed workers through PAYE.\n\n## Working out if someone is an employee or self-employed\n\nAs a general rule, someone is:\n\n- employed if they work for you and do not have any of the risks associated with running a business\n\n- self-employed if they run their own business and are responsible for its success or failure\n\nYou must check each worker\u2019s employment status to make sure they\u2019re not self-employed. If you get it wrong you may have to pay extra tax, National Insurance, interest and a penalty.\n\n## Temporary or agency workers\n\nYou need to operate PAYE on temporary workers that you pay directly, as long as they\u2019re classed as an employee.\n\nYou do not need to operate PAYE if a worker is paid by an agency, unless the agency\u2019s based abroad and does not have a trading address or representative in the UK.\n\nThere are special rules for harvest workers or shoot beaters employed for less than 2 weeks.\n\n## Employees you only pay once\n\nYou operate PAYE differently for employees you only pay once.\n\nSet up a payroll record with their full name and address. If you give them a payroll ID, make sure it\u2019s unique.\n\nWhen you send your Full Payment Submission (FPS):\n\n- use tax code \u20180T\u2019 on a \u2018Week 1\u2019 or \u2018Month 1\u2019 basis\n\n- put \u2018IO\u2019 in the \u2018Pay frequency\u2019 field\n\n- do not put a start or leaving date\n\nGive your employee a statement showing their pay before and after deductions, and the payment date, for example a payslip or a letter. Do not give them a P45.\n\n## Volunteers\n\nYou do not need to operate PAYE on volunteers if they only get expenses that are not subject to tax or National Insurance - check if their expenses are affected.\n\n## Students\n\nOperate PAYE on students in the same way as you do for other employees.\n\n## Get employee information\n\nYou need to get certain information from your employee so you can set them up with the correct tax code and starter declaration on your payroll software.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get most of this information from the employee\u2019s P45, but they\u2019ll have to fill in a \u2018starter checklist\u2019 (which replaced the P46 form) if they do not have a recent P45.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your employee\u2019s:\n\n- date of birth\n\n- gender\n\n- full address\n\n- start date\n\nFrom your employee\u2019s P45, you\u2019ll need their:\n\n- full name\n\n- leaving date from their last job\n\n- total pay and tax paid to date for the current tax year\n\n- student loan deduction status\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- existing tax code\n\nYou must keep this information in your payroll records for the current year and the 3 following tax years.\n\n## If your employee does not have a P45\n\nAsk your employee for this information if you do not have their P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.\n\nThe P46 form is no longer used.\n\nGet the information by asking your new employee to complete HMRC\u2019s new starter checklist.\n\n## If your employee has more than one P45\n\nYou should use the P45 with the latest date and give the other one back to the employee.\n\nIf they have the same leaving date use the P45 with the highest tax free allowance (or least additional pay for a K code) and give the other one back to the employee.\n\n## Work out your employee\u2019s tax code\n\nWhen you\u2019ve got your employee\u2019s information you can use a tool to:\n\n- work out their tax code and starter declaration\n\n- find out what else to do before you pay your employee for the first time\n\nWork out your employee\u2019s tax code\n\n## Employees you only pay once and secondments from abroad\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to work out tax codes for employees who you only pay once or who are seconded from abroad.\n\n## Student loan repayments\n\nYou should make student loan deductions if any of the following apply:\n\n- your new employee\u2019s P45 shows that deductions should continue\n\n- your new employee tells you they\u2019re repaying a student loan or a postgraduate loan, for example on a starter checklist\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sends you form SL1 or form PGL1 and your employee earns over the income threshold for their loan\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou should follow these steps even if your employee has a P45 from their last job.\n\nAsk your new employee if they have a student loan or a postgraduate loan - they may have both. If they finished their studies after 6 April in the current tax year, they will not start to repay their loan until the next tax year.\n\nRecord their answer in your payroll software. You do not need to calculate their loan recovery repayments - your payroll software will do this for you.\n\nIf your employee has a student loan, ask them to sign in to their repayment account and check which plan to use for deductions. They can contact the Student Loans Company if they\u2019re still not sure.\n\nIf they cannot tell you, use Plan 1 in your payroll software until you get a student loan start notice (SL1).\n\nWhere the employee is on more than one plan, start deductions for the plan with the lowest recovery threshold until you get an SL1. Check the student loan recovery thresholds.\n\nReport these deductions to HMRC when you pay your employee.\n\n## Special rules\n\nIn some cases there are special rules for making student loan deductions. Examples include:\n\n- you\u2019re sent a court order to collect a debt directly from your employee\u2019s earnings\n\n- you change how often you pay your employee, such as from weekly to monthly\n\n- the employee has more than one job with you and you need to aggregate earnings\n\n## Stopping deductions\n\nHMRC will tell you if you need to stop making loan deductions from your employees\u2019 pay. They\u2019ll send you:\n\n- form SL2 for student loans\n\n- form PGL2 for postgraduate loans\n\nDo not stop making deductions if an employee asks you to.\n\n## Registering your new employee\n\nRegister your new employee with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by including their details on a Full Payment Submission (FPS) the first time you pay them.\n\nOn this FPS, include:\n\n- information you\u2019ve collected from them\n\n- the tax code and starter declaration that you\u2019ve worked out\n\n- pay and deductions (for example tax, National Insurance and student loan deductions) since they started working for you - do not include figures from their previous job\n\n## Giving your employee a payroll ID\n\nYou can assign payroll IDs to your employees. The ID must be unique - so use a different one if:\n\n- you re-employ someone - if you do this within the same tax year restart their year-to-date information from \u2018\u00a30.00\u2019\n\n- an employee has more than one job in the same PAYE scheme\n\nIf you re-use a previous payroll ID, you\u2019ll create a duplicate record and report payroll incorrectly.\n\n## Special rules\n\nThere are special rules for making deductions for:\n\n- female employees entitled to reduced National Insurance\n\n- employees you only pay once\n\n- harvest workers and casual beaters\n\n- certain employees with more than one job\n\n## Late P45 or starter checklist\n\nYou may need to update your payroll records if your employee gives you a P45 or starter checklist after you\u2019ve registered them with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou only need a starter checklist from your employee to work out their tax code if they do not have a P45, or if they left their last job before 6 April 2020.\n\n## If HMRC has sent you a tax code\n\nUse the tax code that HMRC has sent you if your employee gives you a P45 or starter checklist after you\u2019ve first paid them. Deduct any student loan repayments from the date your employee started with you.\n\n## If HMRC has not sent you a code\n\n## Late P45\n\nUse your employee\u2019s P45 to work out their tax code and update their details in your payroll software.\n\nIf your employee left their last job after 5 April 2021, you should also update both the \u2018Total pay to date\u2019 and \u2018Total tax to date\u2019 fields in your payroll software for the first week you included this information. If your software finds errors, update the fields with the correct figures.\n\n## Late starter checklist\n\nUse your employee\u2019s starter checklist to update the starter declaration in your payroll records.\n\nKeep using the tax code you used in your first Full Payment Submission (FPS) until HMRC sends you a new one.\n\n## When you next pay your employee\n\nDo not enter another start date on the FPS, even if you have not reported a start date before.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/new-employee", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the acting human resources manager for a medical devices company in London, which currently has 27 employees. We are about to recruit our first newly-qualified graduates into our workforce, and expect most (if not all) of them to have outstanding student loan repayment obligations.", + "original_question": "Are we obliged to ask new hires about their student loans, or is it up to the employee to voluntarily disclose them?" + }, + { + "id": "train-734", + "question": "Scenario: I am the managing director of a dairy products producer in Wales. My workforce is already part-unionised; however, another union is now requesting recognition to represent a potentially much larger group of my employees. I fear that negotiations over demarcation are likely to become complex.\n\nQuestion: Can I request that Acas be brought in to assist with the negotiations?\n\nDocument - Employers: recognise a trade union:\n## Overview\n\nAs an employer you may need to work with trade unions that represent groups of your employees, sometimes known as bargaining units.\n\nTrade unions will negotiate with you on working conditions, for example pay and holiday. You need to recognise the trade union before they can negotiate with you.\n\n## How a trade union gets recognition\n\n- The union must ask you to recognise them voluntarily - if you agree to the request then the union is recognised.\n\n- If you do not want to recognise the union and have more than 21 employees, they can apply for statutory recognition from the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC).\n\n## When the union requests recognition\n\nThe union must ask you - the employer - in writing if you\u2019ll agree to recognise them voluntarily.\n\nThe written request must:\n\n- give the name of the union\n\n- identify which employees will be represented by the union when it\u2019s recognised, sometimes known as the bargaining unit\n\n- state that the union is making the request under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\n## Respond to the request\n\nYou have 10 working days to respond to the request.\n\nYou can:\n\n- agree to recognise the union voluntarily - and begin collective bargaining\n\n- reject the request - the union may then apply for statutory recognition\n\n- refuse the initial request but agree to negotiate\n\n## Negotiate with the union\n\nYou have 20 working days, or longer if you agree this with the union, to come to an agreement about:\n\n- which employees are in the bargaining unit\n\n- whether the union should be recognised for collective bargaining\n\nYou have 10 days to suggest that the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) are brought in to assist with the negotiations.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf you cannot agree, or you\u2019ve agreed the bargaining unit but not recognised the union, the union can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for statutory recognition.\n\n## When the union applies for statutory recognition\n\nThe union can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for \u2018statutory recognition\u2019 if you do not agree to recognise them voluntarily.\n\nCAC will accept the trade union\u2019s application for recognition if it meets the requirements, unless you challenge the application.\n\n## Providing information to the CAC\n\nYou may be asked for information by the CAC case manager who is handling the union\u2019s application, for example, how many employees are in the bargaining unit. CAC will still consider the application if you do not provide the information.\n\n## Challenge an application\n\nYou can challenge the application if you think it does not meet the requirements.\n\n## Application requirements\n\nThe union can apply if:\n\n- they\u2019ve sent you a copy of their application and any supporting documents\n\n- they have at least 10% union membership within the proposed bargaining unit\n\n- they have evidence that a majority of employees are in favour of recognition - for example, a petition\n\nThey cannot apply if:\n\n- they\u2019ve applied for recognition in the last 3 years\n\n- they are not a certified independent union\n\n- there\u2019s already a recognition agreement that allows another union to represent employees in the bargaining unit\n\n- another union - representing 10% of the employees in the proposed bargaining unit - has already applied to CAC\n\n## How to complain\n\nCAC will send you a form so you can challenge the application if you think that the union has not met one or more of the requirements.\n\nYou have 5 working days to send it to CAC - the address is on the form.\n\nYou\u2019ll hear from CAC within 10 working days. They may:\n\n- ask for more information so they can make a decision\n\n- reject the application if the union has not met the requirements\n\n- accept the union\u2019s application\n\n## When the CAC accepts a union\u2019s application\n\nYou\u2019ll need to start discussions about which employees the union will represent, sometimes known as the bargaining unit.\n\n## Establishing the bargaining unit\n\nThe \u2018bargaining unit\u2019 is the group of employees that will be represented by the union.\n\nYou can agree who is in this unit with the union as part of your negotiations. If you do not, the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will decide.\n\n## Providing information to the union and the CAC\n\nIf CAC accepts the union\u2019s application for statutory recognition and you have not agreed on the bargaining unit with them, you must send CAC and the union:\n\n- a list of the categories of employees who will be in the proposed bargaining unit, for example, technical and skilled but not managers\n\n- a list of the places where they work\n\n- the number of employees in each category at each workplace\n\nYou have 5 working days to send this from the date the application is accepted.\n\n## How the CAC decides on the bargaining unit\n\nCAC will hold a hearing and decide the bargaining unit based on:\n\n- your views and those of the union\n\n- compatibility with effective management of your company\n\n- existing national and bargaining arrangements\n\n## Work with a \u2018suitable independent person\u2019 (SIP)\n\nWhen the bargaining unit has been agreed the union may ask CAC to appoint a SIP to communicate with employees in the bargaining unit. If this happens, you must give the SIP the names and addresses of:\n\n- employees in the proposed bargaining unit\n\n- any employees who join or leave the bargaining unit\n\nIf you do not provide this information, you\u2019ll get a \u2018remedial order\u2019 from CAC. You must do what the order says or CAC could declare that you must recognise the union.\n\n## When the bargaining unit has been agreed or decided\n\nCAC will decide if there needs to be a ballot of employees.\n\n## Ballot on union recognition\n\nYour employees will be balloted about whether they want the union to be recognised if the majority of employees in the bargaining unit are not members of the union.\n\nThe Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) may hold a ballot even if the majority of your employees are union members but they believe any of the following:\n\n- it\u2019ll help maintain good relations between you and your employees\n\n- there\u2019s evidence that a significant number of union members in the bargaining unit do not want the union to represent them\n\n- there are concerns about why some members joined the union, for example, they were pressured\n\nCAC will ask for your views and the union\u2019s on these issues.\n\n## Before the ballot\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you whether there\u2019ll be a ballot. A ballot can be held at the workplace, by post or both. CAC will ask for your views and the union\u2019s before they decide what kind of ballot to hold.\n\nThe union has 10 days to withdraw its application. If it does not, CAC will appoint a qualified independent person (QIP) to run the ballot.\n\nThe ballot will usually be held within 20 working days of the QIP being appointed.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nThe cost of the ballot is split equally between you and the union.\n\nYou must:\n\n- make sure the union can talk to employees in the bargaining unit - for example, allow them to hold meetings without you\n\n- give CAC a list of names and addresses of employees in the bargaining unit - and update it when people join or leave\n\n- not ask employees to miss meetings, unless it\u2019s absolutely necessary\n\n- not threaten or take any action against a worker because they attended a meeting\n\nThe union can complain to CAC if they think you have not co-operated.\n\n## After the ballot\n\nYou\u2019ll usually find out the result of the vote 48 hours after the ballot closes.\n\nCAC will declare the union is recognised if both:\n\n- the majority of employees in the ballot vote to recognise the union\n\n- at least 40% of the employees in the bargaining unit vote to recognise the union\n\n## If CAC declares the union is recognised\n\nYou must work with the union and work out how to collectively bargain on:\n\n- pay\n\n- hours\n\n- holiday entitlement\n\n## If CAC does not declare the union is recognised\n\nThe union will not be able to apply for statutory recognition for 3 years, but you can still recognise them voluntarily.\n\n## Complaints about and from the union\n\nYou can complain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if the union tries to influence the outcome of a ballot using \u2018unfair practices\u2019, for example, by trying to pressurise employees.\n\nThe Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition has more information.\n\nMake your complaint in writing to CAC. You can complain at any time until the day after the ballot closes.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC may:\n\n- restart the ballot process\n\n- give the union a final warning, sometimes called a \u2018remedial order\u2019\n\nIf the union does not do what the order tells it to do, CAC can cancel the ballot and declare the union is not recognised\n\n## If the union complains\n\nThe union can complain if you:\n\n- do not co-operate with preparations for the ballot\n\n- use unfair practices to change the outcome of the ballot\n\nCAC may give you a final warning if the union\u2019s complaint is successful, sometimes called a \u2018remedial order\u2019.\n\nCAC can also:\n\n- restart the ballot process\n\n- cancel the ballot and declare the union is recognised\n\n## Ending negotiations\n\nYou and the union will not need to continue negotiations if the union withdraws its application. They must do this before the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) either :\n\n- declares them recognised or not recognised\n\n- tells you that they\u2019re holding a ballot of your employees\n\n## You\u2019re recognising the union voluntarily\n\nIf the union is withdrawing its application because you\u2019ve agreed to recognise them, you and the union can tell CAC by sending a \u2018joint notice to cease consideration\u2019. This means CAC will no longer be involved.\n\nSend CAC a letter signed by both you and the representative of the union.\n\nYou must do this before CAC declares the union is recognised or up to the last day of the ballot notification period (10 working days from when CAC told you about the ballot).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/trade-union-recognition-employers", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the managing director of a dairy products producer in Wales. My workforce is already part-unionised; however, another union is now requesting recognition to represent a potentially much larger group of my employees. I fear that negotiations over demarcation are likely to become complex.", + "original_question": "Can I request that Acas be brought in to assist with the negotiations?" + }, + { + "id": "train-735", + "question": "Scenario: I am the acting Human Resources Manager for the UK division of a large multinational company, having recently been seconded from our global head office in Germany. I have been tasked with getting rid of some underperforming employees.\n\nQuestion: Is a wrongful dismissal the same as an unfair dismissal in UK employment law?\n\nDocument - Dismissing staff:\n## Overview\n\nDismissal is when you end an employee\u2019s contract. When dismissing staff, you must do it fairly.\n\nThere are different types of dismissal:\n\n- fair dismissal\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n- constructive dismissal\n\n- wrongful dismissal\n\nIf you\u2019ve had to dismiss staff because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to re-employ them and pay their wages through the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme.\n\n## Fair and unfair dismissal\n\nA dismissal is fair or unfair depending on:\n\n- your reason for it\n\n- how you act during the dismissal process\n\n## Constructive dismissal\n\nThis is when an employee resigns because you\u2019ve breached their employment contract. This could be a single serious event or a series of less serious events.\n\nAn employee could claim constructive dismissal if you:\n\n- cut their wages without agreement\n\n- unlawfully demote them\n\n- allow them to be harassed, bullied or discriminated against\n\n- unfairly increase their workload\n\n- change the location of their workplace at short notice\n\n- make them work in dangerous conditions\n\nA constructive dismissal is not necessarily unfair - but it would be difficult for you to show that a breach of contract was fair.\n\nA constructive dismissal might lead to a claim for wrongful dismissal.\n\n## Wrongful dismissal\n\nThis is where you break the terms of an employee\u2019s contract in the dismissal process, for example dismissing someone without giving them proper notice.\n\nWrongful dismissal is not the same as unfair dismissal.\n\nIf an employee thinks you\u2019ve dismissed them unfairly, constructively or wrongfully, they might take you to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Fair dismissals\n\nYou must have a valid reason for dismissing an employee. Valid reasons include:\n\n- their capability or conduct\n\n- redundancy\n\n- something that prevents them from legally being able to do their job, for example a driver losing their driving licence\n\nThere could be other fair reasons too - these are sometimes called \u2018other substantial reasons\u2019.\n\n## Acting reasonably\n\nEven if you have a fair reason, the dismissal is only fair if you also act reasonably during the dismissal and disciplinary process.\n\nThere\u2019s no legal definition of \u2018reasonableness\u2019, but if you\u2019re taken to an employment or industrial tribunal they would consider whether you:\n\n- genuinely believed that the reason was fair\n\n- carried out proper investigations where appropriate\n\n- followed the relevant procedures\n\n- told the employee why they were being considered for dismissal and listened to their views (in Northern Ireland, the employer must do this in writing)\n\n- allowed the employee to be accompanied at disciplinary/dismissal hearings\n\n- gave the employee the chance to appeal\n\nReasonableness might also depend on whether the employee could be expected to understand the consequences of their behaviour.\n\n## Dismissal and disciplinary procedures\n\nYou must set out your dismissal and disciplinary rules and procedures in writing - if you do not, a tribunal can order you to pay an employee compensation.\n\n## Summary dismissal\n\nThis is when you dismiss someone instantly without notice or pay in lieu of notice, usually because of gross misconduct (for example theft, fraud, violence).\n\nTribunals may rule a summary dismissal as \u2018procedurally unfair\u2019 - you can only suspend someone without pay if their contract says you can do this. If it does not, you should suspend the employee on full pay and investigate the circumstances.\n\nIf you feel summary dismissal\u2019s your only choice, you must still follow a fair procedure as you would do for any other disciplinary matter.\n\n## Unfair dismissals\n\nEven if you think you\u2019ve dismissed someone fairly, they could still claim unfair dismissal against you if they think that:\n\n- the reason you gave for the dismissal was not the real one\n\n- the reason was unfair\n\n- you acted unreasonably, for example by failing to give them plenty of warning about their dismissal\n\n## Automatically unfair reasons for dismissal\n\nEven if you\u2019ve acted reasonably, some reasons for dismissal are classed automatically unfair. These are to do with the following areas:\n\n- pregnancy, including all reasons relating to maternity\n\n- family, including parental leave, paternity leave (birth and adoption), adoption leave or time off for dependants\n\n- acting as an employee representative\n\n- acting as a trade union representative\n\n- acting as an occupational pension scheme trustee\n\n- joining or not joining a trade union\n\n- being a part-time or fixed-term employee\n\n- pay and working hours, including the Working Time Regulations, annual leave and the National Minimum Wage\n\n- whistleblowing\n\nCompulsory retirement on the grounds of age is unlawful unfair dismissal unless you can objectively justify it - but you could be challenged at a tribunal.\n\n## Industrial action\n\nIt\u2019s automatically unfair to dismiss someone for taking part in official (\u2018lawful\u2019) industrial action:\n\n- in the 12-week period from the day the industrial action starts\n\n- if the action lasts longer than 12 weeks and you have not taken reasonable steps to resolve the dispute\n\nOnly an employment or industrial tribunal can decide whether or not you\u2019ve taken reasonable steps to resolve a dispute.\n\nIf you \u2018lock out\u2019 employees taking industrial action, the days of the lock-out are not included in the calculation of the 12-week protected period.\n\nA lock-out is where you prevent employees from getting to their workplace, for example by locking the doors.\n\n## Disability\n\nIf a disabled employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them.\n\n## Political beliefs and groups\n\nIt is not automatically unfair to dismiss someone because of their political beliefs or political groups they belong to, but a tribunal might find this unfair.\n\nThere\u2019s no longer a qualifying period for someone going to an employment tribunal if they\u2019ve been dismissed because of political opinions or affiliation. This applies to anyone dismissed from 25 June 2013.\n\n## Penalties for unfair dismissals\n\nIf a tribunal finds that an employee has been unfairly dismissed, you might be ordered to:\n\n- reinstate them (give them their job back)\n\n- re-engage them (re-employ them in a different job)\n\nYou might also have to pay compensation, which depends on the employee\u2019s:\n\n- age\n\n- gross weekly pay\n\n- length of service\n\nYou might have to pay extra compensation if you do not follow a tribunal\u2019s order to reinstate someone.\n\nThere\u2019s a limit on the amount a tribunal can award for unfair dismissal, apart from in cases relating to:\n\n- health and safety (for example where you unfairly dismiss someone for taking action on health and safety grounds)\n\n- whistleblowing\n\n## Eligibility to claim unfair dismissal\n\nEmployees can only claim unfair dismissal if they\u2019ve worked for a qualifying period - unless they\u2019re claiming for an automatically unfair reason.\n\n| Date employment started | When the employee can claim |\n\n| Before 6 April 2012 | After first year of employment |\n\n| After 6 April 2012 | After 2 years of employment |\n\n## Who cannot claim unfair dismissal\n\nThe right to complain to a tribunal about unfair dismissal is not available to:\n\n- self-employed people\n\n- independent contractors\n\n- members of the armed forces\n\n- employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) in Northern Ireland\n\n- employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through a \u2018settlement agreement\u2019 or \u2018compromise agreement\u2019 after taking legal advice\n\n- employees employed under an illegal contract, for example a barman under the age of 18\n\n- employees covered by a dismissal procedure agreement that\u2019s been legally exempted from the unfair dismissal rules\n\n- employees taking part in unofficial industrial action (unless the dismissal is for an automatically unfair reason)\n\n- police officers (unless the dismissal relates to health and safety or whistleblowing)\n\n- those working on a fishing vessel and paid by a share in the profits or gross earnings of the vessel\n\n## Dismissals for conduct or performance reasons\n\nYou can dismiss an employee if:\n\n- they\u2019re incapable of doing their job to the required standard\n\n- they\u2019re capable, but unwilling to do their job properly\n\n- they\u2019ve committed some form of misconduct\n\nIf you want to dismiss someone, there\u2019s no specific process you must go through by law - as long as you do it fairly.\n\nIf a capability issue is linked to someone\u2019s health, you should try as many ways as possible to help them do their job before dismissing them.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures\n\nYou should include examples of what you consider to be misconduct in your disciplinary rules.\n\nDifferent disciplinary procedures are appropriate for different circumstances.\n\nEmployees have the right to be accompanied to all disciplinary meetings and to appeal to a manager. Keep notes of all meetings and give copies to the employee.\n\n## Misconduct\n\nMisconduct can include things like persistent lateness or unauthorised absence from work.\n\nTo make sure the dismissal is fair when misconduct is not \u2018serious\u2019 or \u2018gross\u2019:\n\n- Arrange a meeting with the employee, telling them the reason for it. At the meeting, give them a chance to explain and issue a first written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. In the warning, tell them how you expect them to improve and over what period - warn them that if they do not improve enough, you\u2019ll give them a final written warning.\n\n- Hold a second meeting if their performance or behaviour has not improved enough by the deadline - give them a chance to explain and issue a final written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. Revise the action plan with timescales for improvement and warn them that you\u2019ll consider dismissal if there\u2019s no improvement.\n\n- Hold a third meeting if their performance or behaviour is still not up to standard by these new deadlines. Warn them that dismissal is now possible. After the meeting - or appeal if there is one - decide whether to give the employee a further chance to improve, or dismiss them. You must tell the employee of your final decision, whatever it is.\n\n## Serious misconduct\n\nYou can issue a single \u2018first and final\u2019 written warning if the misconduct or underperformance is serious enough. Explain that not improving could lead to dismissal. \u2018Serious enough\u2019 includes if it\u2019s likely to or has caused serious harm to the organisation itself.\n\n## Gross misconduct\n\nGross misconduct can include things like theft, physical violence, gross negligence or serious insubordination.\n\nWith gross misconduct, you can dismiss the employee immediately as long as you follow a fair procedure. You should investigate the incident and give the employee a chance to respond before deciding to dismiss them.\n\n## One-off incidents\n\nAn informal discussion may be enough to resolve the issue if the misconduct or underperformance was a one-off and the employee has a good disciplinary record.\n\n## Dismissals due to illness\n\nSometimes an employee may have to stop working because of long-term ill health. They may resign, or you may have to consider dismissing them.\n\n## Considering dismissing an employee\n\nDismissal is a last resort and you should consider as many ways as possible to help the employee back to work, including:\n\n- getting a medical report from their GP with the employee\u2019s permission - they have the right to see the report before you do\n\n- arranging an occupational health assessment\n\n- work out whether or not they\u2019re disabled and make any reasonable adjustments to help them do their job\n\nIf the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.\n\n## How to dismiss someone\n\nDuring the dismissal procedure, make sure you act fairly and reasonably. You must treat the employee with sensitivity.\n\nYour procedure should follow the advice set out in the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) code of practice, or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) code of practice for Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you do not follow the code and are taken to an employment or industrial tribunal, you may have to pay compensation.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the acting Human Resources Manager for the UK division of a large multinational company, having recently been seconded from our global head office in Germany. I have been tasked with getting rid of some underperforming employees.", + "original_question": "Is a wrongful dismissal the same as an unfair dismissal in UK employment law?" + }, + { + "id": "train-739", + "question": "Scenario: I am 18 years old, and have lived in England for the whole of my life. I am currently in the midst of applying to study for a degree in physics at one of five UK universities, but have not yet received a firm offer from any of them.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to have a confirmed offer of a place before I can apply for Student Finance?\n\nDocument - Student finance: how to apply:\n## How to apply\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you have studied before and your nationality.\n\n## New students from England\n\nMost full-time and part-time students can apply online to Student Finance England.\n\n- Set up a student finance online account.\n\n- Log in and complete the online application.\n\n- Include your household income if needed. Your parent or partner will be asked to confirm these details.\n\n- Send in proof of identity, if needed.\n\nIf you cannot apply online, use the form finder to get the forms you need. You can call Student Finance England if you want to apply online but you cannot use a computer without help.\n\n## Continuing students from England\n\nYou\u2019re a continuing student if you are:\n\n- moving on to the next year of your course\n\n- repeating a year of the same course or returning to a course after taking time out\n\n- transferring onto a new course from your old course\n\nYou should log in to your student finance account and apply online.\n\n## If you\u2019re returning to study after taking time out for personal reasons\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you have studied for more than one year before and you\u2019re going back to your studies after stopping your course because of personal reasons. This could be for things like if you were ill, pregnant, caring for someone or someone close to you died.\n\nYou should log in to your student finance account and apply online.\n\nYou must also send a letter explaining why you suspended your studies with supporting evidence.\n\nThe letter must include:\n\n- your customer reference number for student finance\n\n- an explanation of your situation and why you had to suspend your studies\n\nSupporting evidence can include:\n\n- a letter from your doctor or social services on headed paper\n\n- a letter from your university or college on headed paper\n\n- copies of birth or death certificates\n\nYou might need to send more than one piece of evidence if it helps you to show why you stopped your course.\n\nUse your online account to send the letter and evidence to Student Finance England, or send it by post.\n\nStudent Finance England will send you a letter confirming how much you\u2019ll get, usually within 8 weeks.\n\n## Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for students from Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## New EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, apply online.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, apply by post.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter confirming how much you\u2019ll get, usually within 6 weeks.\n\n## Continuing EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, apply online.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you\u2019ll be sent application forms to fill in and return by post. Check your address is up to date in your student finance account.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou can apply for the following academic years:\n\n- 2021 to 2022 (part-time students can apply from summer 2021)\n\n- 2020 to 2021\n\nYou can still apply for funding up to 9 months after the first day of the academic year for your course.\n\n| Course start date | Apply by |\n\n| Between 1 August and 31 December | 31 May after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 January and 31 March | 30 September after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 April and 30 June | 31 December after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 July and 31 July | 31 March after your course started |\n\nYou do not need a confirmed place to apply.\n\n## EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU student applying for 2021 to 2022, when and how you apply depends on the type of support you want.\n\n## Full-time students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, you can apply online now.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you can apply by post now.\n\n## Part-time students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, you can apply online from summer 2021.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you can apply by post from summer 2021.\n\n## Proof of identity\n\n## Students from England\n\nInclude your valid UK passport details in your application the first time you apply. Fill in the passport details form - do not send the passport itself.\n\n| Academic year | Form |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | UK passport details form 2021 to 2022 (PDF, 49KB) |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | UK passport details form 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 41KB) |\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\n## EU students\n\nSend your non-UK passport or identity card the first time you apply.\n\n## Where to send your documents\n\nAny original documents you send will be returned to you within 4 weeks.\n\n## Students from England\n\n## EU students\n\n## Household income\n\nYou must provide your household income if you apply for any of the following:\n\n- full Maintenance Loan\n\n- Maintenance Grant - not available if your course started on or after 1 August 2016\n\n- Special Support Grant - not available if your course started on or after 1 August 2016\n\n- Childcare Grant\n\n- Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant\n\n- Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide your household income for tax year:\n\n- 2019 to 2020 if you\u2019re applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- 2018 to 2019 if you\u2019re applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nAfter you apply, Student Finance England will ask the people in your household to confirm their income. They might need to provide evidence.\n\n## What counts as household income\n\nYour household income includes any of the following that apply:\n\n- your parents\u2019 income, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially\n\n- the combined income of one of your parents and their partner, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially\n\n- your partner\u2019s income, if you\u2019re over 25 and live with them (even if they spend most of their time abroad)\n\n- income you get from your own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent\n\nIf you\u2019ve supported yourself financially for at least 3 years or had no contact with your parents for over a year, you might be able to apply as an \u2018independent student\u2019.\n\n## Change an application\n\nYou must say if any details in your application change. You\u2019ll need to report some changes yourself. Your parents, partner or sponsor will need to report others.\n\n## Changes you must report\n\n## Full time students\n\nUse your online account to tell Student Finance England if:\n\n- you\u2019ve changed your course, university or college\n\n- you\u2019re repeating a year\n\n- you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\n- your Tuition Fee Loan amount has changed\n\n- you\u2019re living somewhere new\n\n## Part-time students and EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re a part-time or EU student, you\u2019ll need to fill in form CO2 or EUCO1 instead.\n\n| | Student type | Form |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 academic year | Part-time student | CO2 form for 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 94KB) |\n\n| 2019 to 2020 academic year | Part-time student | CO2 form for 2019 to 2020 (PDF, 85KB) |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 academic year | EU student | EUCO1 form for 2021 to 2022 (PDF, 136KB) |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 academic year | EU student | EUCO1 form for 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 146KB) |\n\nUse your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post. The address is on the form.\n\nAfter your course starts you can contact your university or college to change or repeat your course or change your Tuition Fee Loan.\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\nYou must write and tell Student Finance England if you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status. The letter must include:\n\n- your customer reference number\n\n- the date\n\n- your signature\n\n- evidence that you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\nIf you\u2019ve changed your name you must include a copy of one of the following with your letter:\n\n- marriage certificate\n\n- decree absolute\n\n- change of name deed - it must be an enrolled deed poll\n\nIf you\u2019ve changed your marital status, you must include a copy of one of the following with your letter:\n\n- marriage certificate\n\n- decree absolute\n\n- civil partnership final order\n\nUse your online account to send the letter and evidence to Student Finance England, or send it by post.\n\nIf you cannot provide the right document, contact Student Finance England.\n\n## Changes your parents, partner or sponsor must report\n\n## If your household income changes\n\nYour parents or partner must:\n\n- correct any mistakes relating to their household income\n\n- tell Student Finance England if they think their household income will be at least 15% lower than the tax year they submitted details for\n\n## If your parents or sponsor have another child\n\nYour parents or sponsor must tell Student Finance England if they have any more children.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-student-finance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 18 years old, and have lived in England for the whole of my life. I am currently in the midst of applying to study for a degree in physics at one of five UK universities, but have not yet received a firm offer from any of them.", + "original_question": "Do I need to have a confirmed offer of a place before I can apply for Student Finance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-740", + "question": "Scenario: I am 21 and about to commence a degree course at a university close to my home in Bristol, England, where I live with both my parents. I am applying for both maintenance and tuition fee loans from Student Finance England.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to provide details of my parents' income as well as my own when applying for the maintenance loan?\n\nDocument - Student finance: how to apply:\n## How to apply\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you have studied before and your nationality.\n\n## New students from England\n\nMost full-time and part-time students can apply online to Student Finance England.\n\n- Set up a student finance online account.\n\n- Log in and complete the online application.\n\n- Include your household income if needed. Your parent or partner will be asked to confirm these details.\n\n- Send in proof of identity, if needed.\n\nIf you cannot apply online, use the form finder to get the forms you need. You can call Student Finance England if you want to apply online but you cannot use a computer without help.\n\n## Continuing students from England\n\nYou\u2019re a continuing student if you are:\n\n- moving on to the next year of your course\n\n- repeating a year of the same course or returning to a course after taking time out\n\n- transferring onto a new course from your old course\n\nYou should log in to your student finance account and apply online.\n\n## If you\u2019re returning to study after taking time out for personal reasons\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you have studied for more than one year before and you\u2019re going back to your studies after stopping your course because of personal reasons. This could be for things like if you were ill, pregnant, caring for someone or someone close to you died.\n\nYou should log in to your student finance account and apply online.\n\nYou must also send a letter explaining why you suspended your studies with supporting evidence.\n\nThe letter must include:\n\n- your customer reference number for student finance\n\n- an explanation of your situation and why you had to suspend your studies\n\nSupporting evidence can include:\n\n- a letter from your doctor or social services on headed paper\n\n- a letter from your university or college on headed paper\n\n- copies of birth or death certificates\n\nYou might need to send more than one piece of evidence if it helps you to show why you stopped your course.\n\nUse your online account to send the letter and evidence to Student Finance England, or send it by post.\n\nStudent Finance England will send you a letter confirming how much you\u2019ll get, usually within 8 weeks.\n\n## Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for students from Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## New EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, apply online.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, apply by post.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter confirming how much you\u2019ll get, usually within 6 weeks.\n\n## Continuing EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, apply online.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you\u2019ll be sent application forms to fill in and return by post. Check your address is up to date in your student finance account.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou can apply for the following academic years:\n\n- 2021 to 2022 (part-time students can apply from summer 2021)\n\n- 2020 to 2021\n\nYou can still apply for funding up to 9 months after the first day of the academic year for your course.\n\n| Course start date | Apply by |\n\n| Between 1 August and 31 December | 31 May after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 January and 31 March | 30 September after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 April and 30 June | 31 December after your course started |\n\n| Between 1 July and 31 July | 31 March after your course started |\n\nYou do not need a confirmed place to apply.\n\n## EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU student applying for 2021 to 2022, when and how you apply depends on the type of support you want.\n\n## Full-time students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, you can apply online now.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you can apply by post now.\n\n## Part-time students\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support and help with living costs, you can apply online from summer 2021.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for tuition fee support only, you can apply by post from summer 2021.\n\n## Proof of identity\n\n## Students from England\n\nInclude your valid UK passport details in your application the first time you apply. Fill in the passport details form - do not send the passport itself.\n\n| Academic year | Form |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | UK passport details form 2021 to 2022 (PDF, 49KB) |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | UK passport details form 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 41KB) |\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\n## EU students\n\nSend your non-UK passport or identity card the first time you apply.\n\n## Where to send your documents\n\nAny original documents you send will be returned to you within 4 weeks.\n\n## Students from England\n\n## EU students\n\n## Household income\n\nYou must provide your household income if you apply for any of the following:\n\n- full Maintenance Loan\n\n- Maintenance Grant - not available if your course started on or after 1 August 2016\n\n- Special Support Grant - not available if your course started on or after 1 August 2016\n\n- Childcare Grant\n\n- Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant\n\n- Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide your household income for tax year:\n\n- 2019 to 2020 if you\u2019re applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- 2018 to 2019 if you\u2019re applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nAfter you apply, Student Finance England will ask the people in your household to confirm their income. They might need to provide evidence.\n\n## What counts as household income\n\nYour household income includes any of the following that apply:\n\n- your parents\u2019 income, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially\n\n- the combined income of one of your parents and their partner, if you\u2019re under 25 and live with them or depend on them financially\n\n- your partner\u2019s income, if you\u2019re over 25 and live with them (even if they spend most of their time abroad)\n\n- income you get from your own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent\n\nIf you\u2019ve supported yourself financially for at least 3 years or had no contact with your parents for over a year, you might be able to apply as an \u2018independent student\u2019.\n\n## Change an application\n\nYou must say if any details in your application change. You\u2019ll need to report some changes yourself. Your parents, partner or sponsor will need to report others.\n\n## Changes you must report\n\n## Full time students\n\nUse your online account to tell Student Finance England if:\n\n- you\u2019ve changed your course, university or college\n\n- you\u2019re repeating a year\n\n- you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\n- your Tuition Fee Loan amount has changed\n\n- you\u2019re living somewhere new\n\n## Part-time students and EU students\n\nIf you\u2019re a part-time or EU student, you\u2019ll need to fill in form CO2 or EUCO1 instead.\n\n| | Student type | Form |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 academic year | Part-time student | CO2 form for 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 94KB) |\n\n| 2019 to 2020 academic year | Part-time student | CO2 form for 2019 to 2020 (PDF, 85KB) |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 academic year | EU student | EUCO1 form for 2021 to 2022 (PDF, 136KB) |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 academic year | EU student | EUCO1 form for 2020 to 2021 (PDF, 146KB) |\n\nUse your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post. The address is on the form.\n\nAfter your course starts you can contact your university or college to change or repeat your course or change your Tuition Fee Loan.\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\nYou must write and tell Student Finance England if you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status. The letter must include:\n\n- your customer reference number\n\n- the date\n\n- your signature\n\n- evidence that you\u2019ve changed your name or marital status\n\nIf you\u2019ve changed your name you must include a copy of one of the following with your letter:\n\n- marriage certificate\n\n- decree absolute\n\n- change of name deed - it must be an enrolled deed poll\n\nIf you\u2019ve changed your marital status, you must include a copy of one of the following with your letter:\n\n- marriage certificate\n\n- decree absolute\n\n- civil partnership final order\n\nUse your online account to send the letter and evidence to Student Finance England, or send it by post.\n\nIf you cannot provide the right document, contact Student Finance England.\n\n## Changes your parents, partner or sponsor must report\n\n## If your household income changes\n\nYour parents or partner must:\n\n- correct any mistakes relating to their household income\n\n- tell Student Finance England if they think their household income will be at least 15% lower than the tax year they submitted details for\n\n## If your parents or sponsor have another child\n\nYour parents or sponsor must tell Student Finance England if they have any more children.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-for-student-finance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 21 and about to commence a degree course at a university close to my home in Bristol, England, where I live with both my parents. I am applying for both maintenance and tuition fee loans from Student Finance England.", + "original_question": "Do I need to provide details of my parents' income as well as my own when applying for the maintenance loan?" + }, + { + "id": "train-741", + "question": "Scenario: I am a director of a an office equipment supplier in the Midlands. One of our employees has been with us for several years, and has steadily acquired shares in the company to the extent of having a holding worth in excess of \u00a35,000. She is now requesting flexible working arrangements.\n\nQuestion: Can I refuse this request on the grounds that she is now has \"employee shareholder\" status?\n\nDocument - Employment status:\n## Overview\n\nIn employment law a person\u2019s employment status helps determine:\n\n- their rights\n\n- their employer\u2019s responsibilities\n\nA person may have a different employment status in tax law.\n\nThe main types of employment status are:\n\n- worker\n\n- employee\n\n- self-employed and contractor\n\n- director\n\n- office holder\n\nContact Acas (or the Labour Relations Agency in Northern Ireland) for advice about employment status, employee rights or employer responsibilities.\n\nCourts and tribunals can make final decisions on employment status.\n\n## Worker\n\nA person is generally classed as a \u2018worker\u2019 if:\n\n- they have a contract or other arrangement to do work or services personally for a reward (your contract doesn\u2019t have to be written)\n\n- their reward is for money or a benefit in kind, for example the promise of a contract or future work\n\n- they only have a limited right to send someone else to do the work (subcontract)\n\n- they have to turn up for work even if they don\u2019t want to\n\n- their employer has to have work for them to do as long as the contract or arrangement lasts\n\n- they aren\u2019t doing the work as part of their own limited company in an arrangement where the \u2018employer\u2019 is actually a customer or client\n\n## Employment rights\n\nWorkers are entitled to certain employment rights, including:\n\n- getting the National Minimum Wage\n\n- protection against unlawful deductions from wages\n\n- the\u00a0statutory minimum level of paid holiday\n\n- the statutory minimum length of rest breaks\n\n- to not work more than 48 hours on average per week or to opt out of this right if they choose\n\n- protection against unlawful discrimination\n\n- protection for \u2018whistleblowing\u2019 - reporting wrongdoing in the workplace\n\n- to not be treated less favourably if they work part-time\n\nThey may also be entitled to:\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Shared Parental Pay\n\nAgency workers have specific rights from the first day at work.\n\nWorkers usually aren\u2019t entitled to:\n\n- minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal\n\n- the right to request flexible working\n\n- time off for emergencies\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\n## Casual or irregular work\n\nSomeone is likely to be a worker if most of these apply:\n\n- they occasionally do work for a specific business\n\n- the business doesn\u2019t have to offer them work and they don\u2019t have to accept it - they only work when they want to\n\n- their contract with the business uses terms like \u2018casual\u2019, \u2018freelance\u2019, \u2018zero hours\u2019, \u2018as required\u2019 or something similar\n\n- they had to agree with the business\u2019s terms and conditions to get work - either verbally or in writing\n\n- they are under the supervision or control of a manager or director\n\n- they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work\n\n- the business deducts tax and National Insurance contributions from their wages\n\n- the business provides materials, tools or equipment they need to do the work\n\n## Employee\n\nAn employee is someone who works under an employment contract.\n\nA person may be an employee in employment law but have a different status for tax purposes. Employers must work out each worker\u2019s status in both employment law and tax law.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAll employees are workers, but an employee has extra employment rights and responsibilities that don\u2019t apply to workers who aren\u2019t employees.\n\nThese rights include all of the rights workers have and:\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- statutory maternity, paternity, adoption and shared parental leave and pay (workers only get pay, not leave)\n\n- minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal\n\n- the right to request flexible working\n\n- time off for emergencies\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\nSome of these rights require a minimum length of continuous employment before an employee qualifies for them. An employment contract may state how long this qualification period is.\n\n## Working out employment status for an employee\n\nSomeone who works for a business is probably an employee if most of the following are true:\n\n- they\u2019re required to work regularly unless they\u2019re on leave, for example holiday, sick leave or maternity leave\n\n- they\u2019re required to do a minimum number of hours and expect to be paid for time worked\n\n- a manager or supervisor is responsible for their workload, saying when a piece of work should be finished and how it should be done\n\n- they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work\n\n- they get paid holiday\n\n- they\u2019re entitled to contractual or Statutory Sick Pay, and maternity or paternity pay\n\n- they can join the business\u2019s pension scheme\n\n- the business\u2019s disciplinary and grievance procedures apply to them\n\n- they work at the business\u2019s premises or at an address specified by the business\n\n- their contract sets out redundancy procedures\n\n- the business provides the materials, tools and equipment for their work\n\n- they only work for the business or if they do have another job, it\u2019s completely different from their work for the business\n\n- their contract, statement of terms and conditions or offer letter (which can be described as an \u2018employment contract\u2019) uses terms like \u2018employer\u2019 and \u2018employee\u2019\n\nIf most of these don\u2019t apply, you should work out if the person is self-employed.\n\nIndividuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.\n\n## Employee shareholders\n\nAn employee shareholder is someone who works under an employment contract and owns at least \u00a32,000 worth of shares in the employer\u2019s company or parent company.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nEmployee shareholders have most of the same employment rights as workers and employees.\n\nThey also have the right to collective redundancy consultation and transfer of undertakings (TUPE) - this protects the employee\u2019s terms and conditions when the business is transferred to a new owner.\n\nEmployee shareholders don\u2019t have these rights:\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal - apart from dismissal on grounds of discrimination and in relation to health and safety\n\n- statutory redundancy pay\n\n- the right to request flexible working - except in the 2 weeks after returning from parental leave\n\n- certain statutory rights to request time off for training\n\nEmployee shareholders must give 16 weeks notice if they want to come back early from maternity leave, additional paternity leave and adoption leave.\n\nEmployers can choose more generous employment rights than the statutory ones.\n\n## Tax relief and obligations\n\nEmployee shareholders can get tax relief on the first \u00a32,000 of shares they get before 1 December 2016.\n\nEmployee shareholders must pay tax on buying and selling shares.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has further guidance on tax relief for employee shareholders.\n\n## Applying for employment shareholder jobs\n\nAnyone can apply for an employee shareholder job.\n\nPeople claiming Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance don\u2019t have to apply for an employee shareholder job that Jobcentre Plus have told them about.\n\nExisting employees don\u2019t have to accept a change to an employment contract to become an employee shareholder if they don\u2019t want to.\n\n## Offering employment shareholder status\n\nEmployers must following certain rules when offering employment shareholder status to their employees.\n\n## Self-employed and contractor\n\nA person is self-employed if they run their business for themselves and take responsibility for its success or failure.\n\nSelf-employed workers aren\u2019t paid through PAYE, and they don\u2019t have the employment rights and responsibilities of employees.\n\nSomeone can be both employed and self-employed at the same time, for example if they work for an employer during the day and run their own business in the evenings.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nEmployment law doesn\u2019t cover self-employed people in most cases because they are their own boss.\n\nHowever, if a person is self-employed:\n\n- they still have protection for their health and safety and, in some cases, protection against discrimination\n\n- their rights and responsibilities are set out by the terms of the contract they have with their client\n\n## Working out if someone is self-employed\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may regard someone as self-employed for tax purposes even if they have a different status in employment law.\n\nEmployers should check if a worker is self-employed in:\n\n- tax law - whether they\u2019re exempt from PAYE\n\n- employment law - whether they have an employee\u2019s rights\n\nIndividuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.\n\n## Checking if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE\n\nSomeone is probably self-employed and shouldn\u2019t be paid through PAYE if most of the following are true:\n\n- they\u2019re in business for themselves, are responsible for the success or failure of their business and can make a loss or a profit\n\n- they can decide what work they do and when, where or how to do it\n\n- they can hire someone else to do the work\n\n- they\u2019re responsible for fixing any unsatisfactory work in their own time\n\n- their employer agrees a fixed price for their work - it doesn\u2019t depend on how long the job takes to finish\n\n- they use their own money to buy business assets, cover running costs, and provide tools and equipment for their work\n\n- they can work for more than one client\n\nYou can check someone\u2019s employment status:\n\n- online\n\n- by phone\n\nThere are special rules for businesses supplying workers, for example an employment agency.\n\n## Checking their employment rights\n\nSomeone is probably self-employed and doesn\u2019t have the rights of an employee if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE and most of the following are also true:\n\n- they put in bids or give quotes to get work\n\n- they\u2019re not under direct supervision when working\n\n- they submit invoices for the work they\u2019ve done\n\n- they\u2019re responsible for paying their own National Insurance and tax\n\n- they don\u2019t get holiday or sick pay when they\u2019re not working\n\n- they operate under a contract (sometimes known as a \u2018contract for services\u2019 or \u2018consultancy agreement\u2019) that uses terms like \u2018self-employed\u2019, \u2018consultant\u2019 or an \u2018independent contractor\u2019\n\n## Contractors\n\nA contractor can be:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- a worker or an employee if they work for a client and are employed by an agency\n\nThere\u2019s a special scheme for self-employed contractors and sub-contractors working in the construction industry called the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS).\n\n## If someone becomes self-employed\n\nA worker must tell HMRC if they become self-employed.\n\n## Director\n\nCompany directors run limited companies on behalf of shareholders.\n\nDirectors have different rights and responsibilities from employees, and are classed as office holders for tax and National Insurance contribution purposes.\n\nIf a person does other work that\u2019s not related to being a director, they may have an employment contract and get employment rights.\n\n## Office holder\n\nA person who\u2019s been appointed to a position by a company or organisation but doesn\u2019t have a contract or receive regular payment may be an office holder. This includes:\n\n- statutory appointments, such as registered company directors or secretaries, board members of statutory bodies, or crown appointments\n\n- appointments under the internal constitution of an organisation, such as club treasurers or trade union secretaries\n\n- appointments under a trust deed, such as trustees\n\n- ecclesiastical appointment, such as members of the clergy\n\nOffice holders are neither employees nor workers. However, it\u2019s possible for someone to be an office holder and an employee if they have an employment contract with the same company or organisation that meets the criteria for employees.\n\n## Working out employment status for an office holder\n\nSomeone is likely to be an office holder if most of these statements apply to them:\n\n- there is no contract or service agreement relating to their appointment\n\n- their duties are minimal, and are only those required under the relevant statute, constitution or trust deed\n\n- they don\u2019t get a salary or any other form of regular payment for their services\n\n- the only payment they get is a voluntary payment (honorarium), regardless of the work they do - tax and National Insurance are deducted by the appointing body\n\n- they\u2019re effectively working as an independent office, and are not under the close supervision or control of the appointing body\n\n## Legal decisions on employment status\n\nA court or employment tribunal (known as an industrial tribunal in Northern Ireland) can make a final decision on employment status for employment rights purposes. They\u2019ll look at how the employment relationship between the person and the business works in practice.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may separately argue that someone is self-employed for tax purposes. This may be confirmed by the tax tribunal and the courts.\n\nAn employment tribunal or court may still make a decision that someone is a worker or employee for employment rights purposes.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-status", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a director of a an office equipment supplier in the Midlands. One of our employees has been with us for several years, and has steadily acquired shares in the company to the extent of having a holding worth in excess of \u00a35,000. She is now requesting flexible working arrangements.", + "original_question": "Can I refuse this request on the grounds that she is now has \"employee shareholder\" status?" + }, + { + "id": "train-742", + "question": "Scenario: I am the HR manager for a large publishing company, whose former chairman retired last year. The board of directors has decided to grant him \"Chairman Emeritus\" status, a position with no contractual duties and unpaid other than for a small annual honorarium.\n\nQuestion: Does this individual qualify as an \"office holder\" in employment law?\n\nDocument - Employment status:\n## Overview\n\nIn employment law a person\u2019s employment status helps determine:\n\n- their rights\n\n- their employer\u2019s responsibilities\n\nA person may have a different employment status in tax law.\n\nThe main types of employment status are:\n\n- worker\n\n- employee\n\n- self-employed and contractor\n\n- director\n\n- office holder\n\nContact Acas (or the Labour Relations Agency in Northern Ireland) for advice about employment status, employee rights or employer responsibilities.\n\nCourts and tribunals can make final decisions on employment status.\n\n## Worker\n\nA person is generally classed as a \u2018worker\u2019 if:\n\n- they have a contract or other arrangement to do work or services personally for a reward (your contract doesn\u2019t have to be written)\n\n- their reward is for money or a benefit in kind, for example the promise of a contract or future work\n\n- they only have a limited right to send someone else to do the work (subcontract)\n\n- they have to turn up for work even if they don\u2019t want to\n\n- their employer has to have work for them to do as long as the contract or arrangement lasts\n\n- they aren\u2019t doing the work as part of their own limited company in an arrangement where the \u2018employer\u2019 is actually a customer or client\n\n## Employment rights\n\nWorkers are entitled to certain employment rights, including:\n\n- getting the National Minimum Wage\n\n- protection against unlawful deductions from wages\n\n- the\u00a0statutory minimum level of paid holiday\n\n- the statutory minimum length of rest breaks\n\n- to not work more than 48 hours on average per week or to opt out of this right if they choose\n\n- protection against unlawful discrimination\n\n- protection for \u2018whistleblowing\u2019 - reporting wrongdoing in the workplace\n\n- to not be treated less favourably if they work part-time\n\nThey may also be entitled to:\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Shared Parental Pay\n\nAgency workers have specific rights from the first day at work.\n\nWorkers usually aren\u2019t entitled to:\n\n- minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal\n\n- the right to request flexible working\n\n- time off for emergencies\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\n## Casual or irregular work\n\nSomeone is likely to be a worker if most of these apply:\n\n- they occasionally do work for a specific business\n\n- the business doesn\u2019t have to offer them work and they don\u2019t have to accept it - they only work when they want to\n\n- their contract with the business uses terms like \u2018casual\u2019, \u2018freelance\u2019, \u2018zero hours\u2019, \u2018as required\u2019 or something similar\n\n- they had to agree with the business\u2019s terms and conditions to get work - either verbally or in writing\n\n- they are under the supervision or control of a manager or director\n\n- they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work\n\n- the business deducts tax and National Insurance contributions from their wages\n\n- the business provides materials, tools or equipment they need to do the work\n\n## Employee\n\nAn employee is someone who works under an employment contract.\n\nA person may be an employee in employment law but have a different status for tax purposes. Employers must work out each worker\u2019s status in both employment law and tax law.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAll employees are workers, but an employee has extra employment rights and responsibilities that don\u2019t apply to workers who aren\u2019t employees.\n\nThese rights include all of the rights workers have and:\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- statutory maternity, paternity, adoption and shared parental leave and pay (workers only get pay, not leave)\n\n- minimum notice periods if their employment will be ending, for example if an employer is dismissing them\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal\n\n- the right to request flexible working\n\n- time off for emergencies\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\nSome of these rights require a minimum length of continuous employment before an employee qualifies for them. An employment contract may state how long this qualification period is.\n\n## Working out employment status for an employee\n\nSomeone who works for a business is probably an employee if most of the following are true:\n\n- they\u2019re required to work regularly unless they\u2019re on leave, for example holiday, sick leave or maternity leave\n\n- they\u2019re required to do a minimum number of hours and expect to be paid for time worked\n\n- a manager or supervisor is responsible for their workload, saying when a piece of work should be finished and how it should be done\n\n- they can\u2019t send someone else to do their work\n\n- they get paid holiday\n\n- they\u2019re entitled to contractual or Statutory Sick Pay, and maternity or paternity pay\n\n- they can join the business\u2019s pension scheme\n\n- the business\u2019s disciplinary and grievance procedures apply to them\n\n- they work at the business\u2019s premises or at an address specified by the business\n\n- their contract sets out redundancy procedures\n\n- the business provides the materials, tools and equipment for their work\n\n- they only work for the business or if they do have another job, it\u2019s completely different from their work for the business\n\n- their contract, statement of terms and conditions or offer letter (which can be described as an \u2018employment contract\u2019) uses terms like \u2018employer\u2019 and \u2018employee\u2019\n\nIf most of these don\u2019t apply, you should work out if the person is self-employed.\n\nIndividuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.\n\n## Employee shareholders\n\nAn employee shareholder is someone who works under an employment contract and owns at least \u00a32,000 worth of shares in the employer\u2019s company or parent company.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nEmployee shareholders have most of the same employment rights as workers and employees.\n\nThey also have the right to collective redundancy consultation and transfer of undertakings (TUPE) - this protects the employee\u2019s terms and conditions when the business is transferred to a new owner.\n\nEmployee shareholders don\u2019t have these rights:\n\n- protection against unfair dismissal - apart from dismissal on grounds of discrimination and in relation to health and safety\n\n- statutory redundancy pay\n\n- the right to request flexible working - except in the 2 weeks after returning from parental leave\n\n- certain statutory rights to request time off for training\n\nEmployee shareholders must give 16 weeks notice if they want to come back early from maternity leave, additional paternity leave and adoption leave.\n\nEmployers can choose more generous employment rights than the statutory ones.\n\n## Tax relief and obligations\n\nEmployee shareholders can get tax relief on the first \u00a32,000 of shares they get before 1 December 2016.\n\nEmployee shareholders must pay tax on buying and selling shares.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has further guidance on tax relief for employee shareholders.\n\n## Applying for employment shareholder jobs\n\nAnyone can apply for an employee shareholder job.\n\nPeople claiming Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance don\u2019t have to apply for an employee shareholder job that Jobcentre Plus have told them about.\n\nExisting employees don\u2019t have to accept a change to an employment contract to become an employee shareholder if they don\u2019t want to.\n\n## Offering employment shareholder status\n\nEmployers must following certain rules when offering employment shareholder status to their employees.\n\n## Self-employed and contractor\n\nA person is self-employed if they run their business for themselves and take responsibility for its success or failure.\n\nSelf-employed workers aren\u2019t paid through PAYE, and they don\u2019t have the employment rights and responsibilities of employees.\n\nSomeone can be both employed and self-employed at the same time, for example if they work for an employer during the day and run their own business in the evenings.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nEmployment law doesn\u2019t cover self-employed people in most cases because they are their own boss.\n\nHowever, if a person is self-employed:\n\n- they still have protection for their health and safety and, in some cases, protection against discrimination\n\n- their rights and responsibilities are set out by the terms of the contract they have with their client\n\n## Working out if someone is self-employed\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may regard someone as self-employed for tax purposes even if they have a different status in employment law.\n\nEmployers should check if a worker is self-employed in:\n\n- tax law - whether they\u2019re exempt from PAYE\n\n- employment law - whether they have an employee\u2019s rights\n\nIndividuals and their employers may have to pay unpaid tax and penalties, or lose entitlement to benefits, if their employment status is wrong.\n\n## Checking if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE\n\nSomeone is probably self-employed and shouldn\u2019t be paid through PAYE if most of the following are true:\n\n- they\u2019re in business for themselves, are responsible for the success or failure of their business and can make a loss or a profit\n\n- they can decide what work they do and when, where or how to do it\n\n- they can hire someone else to do the work\n\n- they\u2019re responsible for fixing any unsatisfactory work in their own time\n\n- their employer agrees a fixed price for their work - it doesn\u2019t depend on how long the job takes to finish\n\n- they use their own money to buy business assets, cover running costs, and provide tools and equipment for their work\n\n- they can work for more than one client\n\nYou can check someone\u2019s employment status:\n\n- online\n\n- by phone\n\nThere are special rules for businesses supplying workers, for example an employment agency.\n\n## Checking their employment rights\n\nSomeone is probably self-employed and doesn\u2019t have the rights of an employee if they\u2019re exempt from PAYE and most of the following are also true:\n\n- they put in bids or give quotes to get work\n\n- they\u2019re not under direct supervision when working\n\n- they submit invoices for the work they\u2019ve done\n\n- they\u2019re responsible for paying their own National Insurance and tax\n\n- they don\u2019t get holiday or sick pay when they\u2019re not working\n\n- they operate under a contract (sometimes known as a \u2018contract for services\u2019 or \u2018consultancy agreement\u2019) that uses terms like \u2018self-employed\u2019, \u2018consultant\u2019 or an \u2018independent contractor\u2019\n\n## Contractors\n\nA contractor can be:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- a worker or an employee if they work for a client and are employed by an agency\n\nThere\u2019s a special scheme for self-employed contractors and sub-contractors working in the construction industry called the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS).\n\n## If someone becomes self-employed\n\nA worker must tell HMRC if they become self-employed.\n\n## Director\n\nCompany directors run limited companies on behalf of shareholders.\n\nDirectors have different rights and responsibilities from employees, and are classed as office holders for tax and National Insurance contribution purposes.\n\nIf a person does other work that\u2019s not related to being a director, they may have an employment contract and get employment rights.\n\n## Office holder\n\nA person who\u2019s been appointed to a position by a company or organisation but doesn\u2019t have a contract or receive regular payment may be an office holder. This includes:\n\n- statutory appointments, such as registered company directors or secretaries, board members of statutory bodies, or crown appointments\n\n- appointments under the internal constitution of an organisation, such as club treasurers or trade union secretaries\n\n- appointments under a trust deed, such as trustees\n\n- ecclesiastical appointment, such as members of the clergy\n\nOffice holders are neither employees nor workers. However, it\u2019s possible for someone to be an office holder and an employee if they have an employment contract with the same company or organisation that meets the criteria for employees.\n\n## Working out employment status for an office holder\n\nSomeone is likely to be an office holder if most of these statements apply to them:\n\n- there is no contract or service agreement relating to their appointment\n\n- their duties are minimal, and are only those required under the relevant statute, constitution or trust deed\n\n- they don\u2019t get a salary or any other form of regular payment for their services\n\n- the only payment they get is a voluntary payment (honorarium), regardless of the work they do - tax and National Insurance are deducted by the appointing body\n\n- they\u2019re effectively working as an independent office, and are not under the close supervision or control of the appointing body\n\n## Legal decisions on employment status\n\nA court or employment tribunal (known as an industrial tribunal in Northern Ireland) can make a final decision on employment status for employment rights purposes. They\u2019ll look at how the employment relationship between the person and the business works in practice.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may separately argue that someone is self-employed for tax purposes. This may be confirmed by the tax tribunal and the courts.\n\nAn employment tribunal or court may still make a decision that someone is a worker or employee for employment rights purposes.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-status", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the HR manager for a large publishing company, whose former chairman retired last year. The board of directors has decided to grant him \"Chairman Emeritus\" status, a position with no contractual duties and unpaid other than for a small annual honorarium.", + "original_question": "Does this individual qualify as an \"office holder\" in employment law?" + }, + { + "id": "train-746", + "question": "Scenario: I am the owner of a high street retailing business which has fallen on hard times in the wake of the pandemic. At our peak we had over 150 employees, who were represented by a trade union whom we voluntarily recognised six years ago. Now our headcount has fallen below 20, and the remaining workers include a union shop steward who is being unreasonably obstructive of our attempts to turn the company around.\n\nQuestion: Given the shrunken state of the business, is it now possible to get the union derecognised?\n\nDocument - Derecognise a union:\n## Overview\n\nTrade unions can be recognised to represent groups of employees in a company in negotiations over pay, holidays and working conditions through either:\n\n- a voluntary agreement with the employer\n\n- a declaration by the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC).\n\nThree years after a CAC declaration of recognition, employers and workers can apply to the CAC to have a union derecognised.\n\nIf the application is successful, the union will cease to represent the workforce in negotiations with the employer.\n\n## When employers can apply\n\nWhere recognition has been declared by the CAC, you can apply to have a union derecognised in any of the following situations:\n\n- the number of people employed by the company has fallen to less than 21\n\n- workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union\n\n- the number of union members in the bargaining unit has fallen to below 50%\n\n## When workers can apply\n\nYou can apply to have a union derecognised if workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union and don\u2019t want to be represented by the union.\n\nYou can apply to have a non-independent union derecognised if the majority of workers do not support it.\n\n## Employers: reduced workforce\n\nAs an employer, you can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to have a trade union derecognised if both of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period\n\n- it is more than 3 years since recognition was declared by the CAC\n\nYou must give written notice to the union asking for the union to be derecognised. Notice must be given within 5 days of the end of the relevant 13-week period.\n\nYour letter must include the following details:\n\n- the specific 13-week period during which you had less than 21 workers\n\n- the number of workers you employed in that time\n\n- the current bargaining arrangements\n\n- the date you want the arrangements to end - this must be at least 35 working days after the request was made\n\nYou must give a copy of the letter to the CAC. The CAC will tell you within 10 days if the notice you gave the union was valid.\n\n## Your notice is valid\n\nThe union will be derecognised and you won\u2019t have to negotiate with them anymore, unless they make an application to the CAC because they believe that:\n\n- the 13-week period was within 3 years of them gaining recognition\n\n- your company employed 21 or more workers during that time\n\n## Your notice isn\u2019t valid\n\nYou must continue with the current collective bargaining arrangements.\n\n## Employers: union loses support\n\nYou can try to get a union derecognised if the workers in the bargaining unit no longer support it and don\u2019t want it to negotiate on their behalf.\n\n## Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise\n\nYou must send a written request to the union, stating:\n\n- that you wish to end the bargaining arrangements because you believe that the union no longer has the support of the workers\n\n- what the current arrangements are\n\n- that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\nThe union has 10 working days to respond to your request.\n\nYou can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.\n\n## The union agrees to negotiate\n\nIf they reject your request but agree to negotiate, you\u2019ll have another 20 working days to come to an agreement about derecognition.\n\nWithin this period, either side can ask the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) to help with negotiations. You may extend this period if the union agrees.\n\n## The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request\n\nYou can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.\n\nYou can only apply if both of these are true:\n\n- the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition\n\nSend the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. Send a copy to the union.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nThe CAC will arrange a secret ballot of workers if your application is successful.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.\n\n## Employers: union membership is less than 50%\n\nIf the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago, a union can be derecognised if the level of union membership in the bargaining unit falls below 50%.\n\nApply to the CAC to hold a secret ballot of employees on whether collective bargaining should be ended.\n\nYou can only apply if:\n\n- the CAC declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\n## Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise\n\nYou must send a written request to the unions, stating:\n\n- that fewer than 50% of the workers in the bargaining unit are union members\n\n- what the current bargaining arrangements are, eg how many workers are in the bargaining unit, where they work\n\n- that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\nThe union has 10 working days to respond to your request.\n\nYou can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.\n\n## The union rejects your request but is willing to negotiate\n\nYou have 10 days to negotiate an agreement about derecognition. You can extend this period if the union agrees.\n\n## The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request\n\nApply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.\n\nYou can\u2019t apply if there have been any applications to CAC for an end to bargaining arrangements in the previous 3 years.\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) that less than 50% of the bargaining unit are union members.\n\nSend the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. You must send copies of the form and evidence to the union.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nThe CAC will arrange for a secret ballot of the workers to be held if your application is successful.\n\nYou will have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.\n\n## Workers: union loses support\n\nYou can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for a secret ballot on derecognition if you believe the union no longer has the support of the bargaining unit.\n\nYou can only apply if both of these are true:\n\n- the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition\n\nSend the completed form and your evidence to both the union and the CAC.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs information to support your application, eg evidence of levels of union support.\n\nYour application will either be:\n\n- rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days\n\n## Taking part in negotiations\n\nCAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.\n\nThe outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:\n\n- you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised\n\n- no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot\n\n## Workers: derecognise a non-independent union\n\nAn employee or group of workers can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to derecognise a non-independent union that the employer recognised voluntarily.\n\nA non-independent union represents employees but has not been given a certificate of independence by the Certification Officer. You can check this on the Certification Officer\u2019s website.\n\nYou can apply any time after the union has been recognised by the employer.\n\n## Apply for a secret ballot\n\nApply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to find out if they want the union derecognsied.\n\nThe form must be completed and signed by an employee in the bargaining unit.\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of employees in the bargaining are likely to favour an end to the bargaining arrangements\n\nSend the completed form plus your documents to CAC. Send a signed copy of the form and evidence to the union and your employer.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nYour application will either be:\n\n- rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days\n\n## Taking part in negotiations\n\nCAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.\n\nThe outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:\n\n- you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised\n\n- no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot\n\n## Holding a derecognition ballot\n\nWhen employers, workers and the union have tried to reach agreement about derecognition but failed, the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will hold a secret ballot.\n\nCAC will write to everyone involved, saying that they intend to hold a ballot to allow workers in the bargaining unit to vote on derecognition.\n\n## How the ballot works\n\nCAC will appoint a qualified independent person (QIP) who will aim to conduct the ballot within 20 working days of their appointment. The CAC may extend this period if necessary.\n\nThe QIP will provide an estimate for the cost of running the ballot. The arrangements for the ballot will be decided by the CAC after consulting the employer and the union.\n\nThe final cost of the ballot will be split equally between the employer and the union.\n\nThe employer and the union must follow the Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition.\n\n## Complain when someone doesn\u2019t co-operate\n\nComplain to CAC any time before the ballot is held if you feel someone isn\u2019t co-operating.\n\nThe union can complain to the CAC if the employer is not fulfilling their duties during the ballot.\n\nCAC will investigate and can issue a \u2018remedial order\u2019 demanding that all duties are carried out properly.\n\nIf that order is ignored CAC can cancel the ballot or declare that the union be derecognised.\n\n## Complain about unfair practices\n\nComplain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if you feel that another party is using unfair practices to influence the ballot, eg bribery or threats.\n\nTo make a complaint fill in the unfair practices application form and send it to CAC. The address is on the form.\n\nComplaints can be made at any time up to the end of day after the ballot closes.\n\nWhere CAC finds that unfair practices were used they may:\n\n- reschedule the ballot\n\n- cancel the ballot and declare that the union is derecognised\n\n- cancel the ballot and refuse the application for derecognition\n\nThe Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition has more information.\n\n## After the ballot\n\nYou\u2019ll usually find out the result of the vote 48 hours after the ballot closes.\n\nFor a union to be derecognised the majority of those voting, and at least 40% of the workers in the bargaining unit, must vote in favour of ending the bargaining arrangements.\n\nThe Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will declare the union as derecognised or will refuse the application for derecognition.\n\n## Paying for the ballot\n\nThe employer and the union will each receive a demand from the qualified independent person (QIP) for their share of the cost of running the ballot.\n\nThis must be paid in 15 days. If either party wishes to dispute the amount they can appeal to an employment tribunal.\n\n## What you must do\n\nAs an employer, you no longer have to work with a union that\u2019s been derecognised.\n\nYou must continue to work with a union if the CAC have refused the application for derecognition. You cannot reapply for the union to be derecognised for 3 years.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the owner of a high street retailing business which has fallen on hard times in the wake of the pandemic. At our peak we had over 150 employees, who were represented by a trade union whom we voluntarily recognised six years ago. Now our headcount has fallen below 20, and the remaining workers include a union shop steward who is being unreasonably obstructive of our attempts to turn the company around.", + "original_question": "Given the shrunken state of the business, is it now possible to get the union derecognised?" + }, + { + "id": "train-748", + "question": "Scenario: I am an employee of a large software house, where I have worked for nearly four years. I recently made a request to work flexibly from a remote location, but this was turned down by my employer on the grounds of negative effects on performance.\n\nQuestion: Do I have a statutory right to an appeal against this refusal?\n\nDocument - Flexible working:\n## Overview\n\nFlexible working is a way of working that suits an employee\u2019s needs, for example having flexible start and finish times, or working from home.\n\nFlexible working rules are different in Northern Ireland.\n\nAll employees have the legal right to request flexible working - not just parents and carers.\n\nThis is known as \u2018making a statutory application\u2019.\n\nEmployees must have worked for the same employer for at least 26 weeks to be eligible.\n\n## What employers must do\n\nEmployers must deal with requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\nExamples of handling requests in a reasonable manner include:\n\n- assessing the advantages and disadvantages of the application\n\n- holding a meeting to discuss the request with the employee\n\n- offering an appeal process\n\nIf an employer does not handle a request in a reasonable manner, the employee can take them to an employment tribunal.\n\nAn employer can refuse an application if they have a good business reason for doing so.\n\n## Types of flexible working\n\nThere are different ways of working flexibly.\n\n## Job sharing\n\nTwo people do one job and split the hours.\n\n## Working from home\n\nIt might be possible to do some or all of the work from home or anywhere else other than the normal place of work.\n\n## Part time\n\nWorking less than full-time hours (usually by working fewer days).\n\n## Compressed hours\n\nWorking full-time hours but over fewer days.\n\n## Flexitime\n\nThe employee chooses when to start and end work (within agreed limits) but works certain \u2018core hours\u2019, for example 10am to 4pm every day.\n\n## Annualised hours\n\nThe employee has to work a certain number of hours over the year but they have some flexibility about when they work. There are sometimes \u2018core hours\u2019 which the employee regularly works each week, and they work the rest of their hours flexibly or when there\u2019s extra demand at work.\n\n## Staggered hours\n\nThe employee has different start, finish and break times from other workers.\n\n## Phased retirement\n\nDefault retirement age has been phased out and older workers can choose when they want to retire. This means they can reduce their hours and work part time.\n\n## Applying for flexible working\n\nEmployees can apply for flexible working if they\u2019ve worked continuously for the same employer for the last 26 weeks. It\u2019s known as \u2018making a statutory application.\u2019\n\nThe basic steps are:\n\n- The employee writes to the employer.\n\n- The employer considers the request and makes a decision within 3 months - or longer if agreed with the employee.\n\n- If the employer agrees to the request, they must change the terms and conditions in the employee\u2019s contract.\n\n- If the employer disagrees, they must write to the employee giving the business reasons for the refusal. The employee may be able to complain to an employment tribunal.\n\nEmployees can only make one application for flexible working a year.\n\n## Writing to the employer\n\nAn employee should email or write a letter to their employer.\n\nEmployers may ask employees to use a standard form to make an application.\n\n## What the email or letter must include\n\nThe application must include:\n\n- the date\n\n- a statement that this is a statutory request\n\n- details of how the employee wants to work flexibly and when they want to start\n\n- an explanation of how they think flexible working might affect the business and how this could be dealt with, for example if they\u2019re not at work on certain days\n\n- a statement saying if and when they\u2019ve made a previous application\n\n## Withdrawing an application\n\nEmployees should tell their employer in writing if they want to withdraw their application.\n\nThe employer can treat an application as withdrawn if the employee misses 2 meetings to discuss an application or appeal without good reason, for example sickness.\n\nThe employer must tell the employee they are treating the request as withdrawn.\n\n## After the application\n\nEmployers must consider flexible working requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\nThey should usually make a decision within 3 months of the request (or longer if agreed with the employee).\n\n## Agreeing the application\n\nThe employer should write to the employee with:\n\n- a statement of the agreed changes\n\n- a start date for flexible working\n\nThey should also change the employee\u2019s contract to include the new terms and conditions.\n\nThis should be done as soon as possible but no later than 28 days after the request was approved.\n\n## Rejecting an application\n\nThe employer must tell the employee that they\u2019ve rejected the application.\n\n## Reasons for rejecting\n\nEmployers can reject an application for any of the following reasons:\n\n- extra costs that will damage the business\n\n- the work cannot be reorganised among other staff\n\n- people cannot be recruited to do the work\n\n- flexible working will affect quality and performance\n\n- the business will not be able to meet customer demand\n\n- there\u2019s a lack of work to do during the proposed working times\n\n- the business is planning changes to the workforce\n\n## Appeals\n\nEmployees no longer have a statutory right to an appeal.\n\nBut offering an appeals process helps to demonstrate that the employer is handling requests in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nThe employee must follow the company\u2019s procedures for appealing.\n\nThe employee or employer should follow the company\u2019s procedures for solving a workplace dispute if a rejected application causes problems.\n\n## Going to an employment tribunal\n\nEmployees can complain to an employment tribunal if the employer:\n\n- did not handle the request in a \u2018reasonable manner\u2019\n\n- wrongly treated the employee\u2019s application as withdrawn\n\n- dismissed or treated an employee poorly because of their flexible working request, for example refused a promotion or pay rise\n\n- rejected an application based on incorrect facts\n\nEmployees cannot complain to a tribunal just because their flexible working request was rejected.\n\nAn employee should complain to the tribunal within 3 months of:\n\n- hearing their employer\u2019s decision\n\n- hearing their request was treated as withdrawn\n\n- the date the employer should have responded to their request (but failed to do so)\n\nIf an employer or employee is unsure of their rights, they should get legal advice.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/flexible-working", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an employee of a large software house, where I have worked for nearly four years. I recently made a request to work flexibly from a remote location, but this was turned down by my employer on the grounds of negative effects on performance.", + "original_question": "Do I have a statutory right to an appeal against this refusal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-750", + "question": "Scenario: I am a former partner in an LLP, which we have just converted into a limited company in order to begin hiring our first staff. The company provides translation services, and we are considering hiring some (advanced) foreign language students on a zero-hours, on-call basis.\n\nQuestion: Do workers on zero-hours contracts have different entitlement to statutory annual leave that full-time employees do?\n\nDocument - Contract types and employer responsibilities:\n## Overview\n\nAs an employer, the tax and employment responsibilities you have for your staff will depend on the type of contract you give them and their employment status.\n\nContract types include:\n\n- full-time and part-time contracts\n\n- fixed-term contracts\n\n- agency staff\n\n- freelancers, consultants, contractors\n\n- zero-hours contracts\n\nThere are also special rules for employing family members, young people and volunteers.\n\n## Full-time and part-time contracts\n\nAs an employer you must give employees:\n\n- a written statement of employment or contract\n\n- the statutory minimum level of paid holiday\n\n- a payslip showing all deductions, such as National Insurance contributions (NICs)\n\n- the statutory minimum length of rest breaks\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)\n\n- maternity, paternity and adoption pay and leave\n\nYou must also:\n\n- make sure employees do not work longer than the maximum allowed\n\n- pay employees at least the minimum wage\n\n- have employer\u2019s liability insurance\n\n- provide a safe and secure working environment\n\n- register with HM Revenue and Customs to deal with payroll, tax and NICs\n\n- consider flexible working requests\n\n- avoid discrimination in the workplace\n\n- make reasonable adjustments to your business premises if your employee is disabled\n\n## Fixed-term contracts\n\nFixed-term contracts:\n\n- last for a certain length of time\n\n- are set in advance\n\n- end when a specific task is completed\n\n- end when a specific event takes place\n\nFixed-term employees must receive the same treatment as full-time permanent staff.\n\nFind out more about fixed-term employees\u2019 rights, and what to do about renewing or ending a fixed-term contract.\n\n## Agency staff\n\nAs an employer, you can hire temporary staff through agencies. This means:\n\n- you pay the agency, including the employee\u2019s National Insurance contributions (NICs) and Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)\n\n- it\u2019s the agency\u2019s responsibility to make sure workers get their rights under working time regulations\n\n- after 12 weeks\u2019 continuous employment in the same role, agency workers get the same terms and conditions as permanent employees, including pay, working time, rest periods, night work, breaks and annual leave\n\n- you must provide the agency with information about the relevant terms and conditions in your business so that they can ensure the worker gets equal treatment after 12 weeks in the same job\n\n- you must allow agency workers to use any shared facilities (for example a staff canteen or childcare) and give them information about job vacancies from the first day they work there\n\n- you are still responsible for their health and safety\n\n## Freelancers, consultants and contractors\n\nIf you hire a freelancer, consultant or contractor it means that:\n\n- they are self-employed or are part of other companies\n\n- they often look after their own tax and National Insurance contributions (NICs)\n\n- they might not be entitled to the same rights as workers, such as minimum wage\n\n- you\u2019re still responsible for their health and safety\n\n## Zero-hours contracts\n\nZero-hours contracts are also known as casual contracts. Zero-hours contracts are usually for \u2018piece work\u2019 or \u2018on call\u2019 work, for example for interpreters.\n\nThis means:\n\n- they are on call to work when you need them\n\n- you do not have to give them work\n\n- they do not have to do work when asked\n\nZero-hours workers are entitled to statutory annual leave and the National Minimum Wage in the same way as regular workers.\n\nYou cannot do anything to stop a zero-hours worker from getting work elsewhere. The law says they can ignore a clause in their contract if it bans them from:\n\n- looking for work\n\n- accepting work from another employer\n\nYou are still responsible for health and safety of staff on zero-hours contracts.\n\n## Employing family, young people and volunteers\n\n## Family\n\nIf you hire family members you must:\n\n- avoid special treatment in terms of pay, promotion and working conditions\n\n- make sure tax and National Insurance contributions are still paid\n\n- follow working time regulations for younger family members\n\n- have employer\u2019s liability insurance that covers any young family members\n\n- check if you need to provide them with a workplace pension scheme\n\n## Volunteers and voluntary staff\n\nWhen taking on volunteers or voluntary staff you:\n\n- are responsible for their health and safety\n\n- must give inductions and training in the tasks they\u2019re going to do\n\n## Young people\n\nYou can employ young people if they are 13 or over but there are special rules about how long they can work and what jobs they can do. Once someone is 18 they\u2019re classed as an \u2018adult worker\u2019 and different rules apply.\n\nAs well as following these rules you must do a risk assessment before taking on young workers.\n\nYoung people may also have certain employment rights like:\n\n- statutory maternity pay and ordinary statutory paternity pay if they qualify as a result of their continuous employment\n\n- paid time off for study and training\n\n- redundancy pay\n\nYoung workers and apprentices have different rates from adult workers for the National Minimum Wage.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contract-types-and-employer-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a former partner in an LLP, which we have just converted into a limited company in order to begin hiring our first staff. The company provides translation services, and we are considering hiring some (advanced) foreign language students on a zero-hours, on-call basis.", + "original_question": "Do workers on zero-hours contracts have different entitlement to statutory annual leave that full-time employees do?" + }, + { + "id": "train-752", + "question": "Scenario: I am 24 and for two years have been an employee of a large financial services provider in the City of London. I have made a formal request to my manager for time off to take a training course in financial technology, and have now been offered a meeting to discuss this.\n\nQuestion: Do I have the right to be accompanied to the meeting by a colleague?\n\nDocument - Training and study at work: your rights:\n## Who can and can't ask for time off to train\n\nStaff may have the right to ask for time off work for training or study.\n\nTo ask for training or study:\n\n- staff must be classed as an employee\n\n- they must have worked for their employer for at least 26 weeks\n\n- training must help staff do their job better\n\n- at least 250 people must work in the organisation\n\nTime off is usually unpaid unless the employer agrees to pay it.\n\nCheck someone\u2019s employment status.\n\n## Who can\u2019t ask for time off to train\n\nStaff can\u2019t ask for time off for training or study if they\u2019re:\n\n- an agency worker\n\n- in the armed forces\n\n- of compulsory school age (\u2018school age\u2019 in Scotland)\n\n- a young person who\u2019s already got the right to take paid time off for study or training\n\n- aged 16 to 18 and already expected to take part in education or training\n\n## Asking for time off\n\nEmployees should follow their organisation\u2019s rules to ask for time off. If there aren\u2019t any they can write to their employer saying it\u2019s a request \u2018under Section 63D of the Employment Rights Act 1996\u2019 with the following details:\n\n- the date\n\n- the subject matter of the study or training\n\n- where and when it would take place\n\n- who\u2019ll be providing the training\n\n- the name of the qualification they could get - if any\n\n- why they think this study or training will help them do their job better and help their employer\u2019s business\n\n- if they\u2019ve made a request before and when\n\nAn employer doesn\u2019t have to consider the request if all this information isn\u2019t included.\n\nEmployees can only make 1 request a year.\n\n## If the employee changes their mind\n\nThe employee must tell their employer if they:\n\n- don\u2019t start the agreed training or study\n\n- don\u2019t finish the training or study\n\n- do a different course or plan to do a different course from the one agreed\n\n## Employer's decision and responsibilities\n\nThe employer has 28 days to:\n\n- accept the request\n\n- hold a meeting with the employee to discuss it\n\nThis might be longer if the person who deals with these requests is off when the request is sent in.\n\nThe employee can take a trade union representative or colleague to the meeting. They can ask for the meeting to be postponed if this person can\u2019t make it.\n\nIf the employer decides to hold a meeting about it they must make a decision within 14 days of it, unless the employee agrees in writing to extend this time.\n\n## Turning down the request\n\nThe employer can only turn down a request if:\n\n- the training wouldn\u2019t benefit their business\n\n- they would run up extra costs for the business\n\n- they wouldn\u2019t be able to meet customer demands\n\n- they can\u2019t re-organise the work among other members of staff\n\n- they can\u2019t recruit extra staff\n\n- it would damage quality and business performance\n\n- there wouldn\u2019t be enough work for the employee to do at the times they intend to work\n\n- it conflicts with planned structural changes\n\n## Paying for the training\n\nThe employer doesn\u2019t have to pay for the training or study. They can choose to pay all or part of the fees if they think it will benefit the business.\n\n## Appealing the decision\n\nEmployees have the right to appeal if their employer refuses a request to take time off for training or study.\n\nThis must be made within 14 days of their employer\u2019s decision.\n\nThe appeal must:\n\n- be in writing\n\n- be dated\n\n- set out why they\u2019re appealing - the grounds for the appeal\n\n## The appeal meeting\n\nThe employer has to arrange a meeting with the employee to discuss the appeal within 14 days of getting the appeal.\n\nThe employer must give their decision in writing within 14 days of the meeting.\n\n## If the problem isn\u2019t resolved\n\nIf an employee isn\u2019t satisfied with the result of an appeal they can phone Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) for help and advice or raise a grievance.\n\nIf this doesn\u2019t work the employee could go to an employment tribunal if the employer:\n\n- didn\u2019t follow the procedure properly\n\n- refused the request based on the wrong facts\n\nEmployment tribunal claims must be made within 3 months of an appeal decision.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/training-study-work-your-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 24 and for two years have been an employee of a large financial services provider in the City of London. I have made a formal request to my manager for time off to take a training course in financial technology, and have now been offered a meeting to discuss this.", + "original_question": "Do I have the right to be accompanied to the meeting by a colleague?" + }, + { + "id": "train-757", + "question": "Scenario: I own and run a small office supplies company in Slough, England. I recently received a letter from the DWP requesting that I calculate and make DEA deductions from the pay of one of my employees who had previously been overpaid benefits by them.\n\nQuestion: Do my employee's travel expenses count as part of their income when calculating the amount to deduct?\n\nDocument - Make benefit debt deductions from an employee's pay:\n## Overview\n\nAs an employer you may be asked to deduct benefit overpayments an employee owes the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) from their pay. This is called a Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA).\n\nDWP will write to you and ask you to operate the DEA scheme if any of your employees are affected. DEA only applies to a small proportion of people owing money to DWP.\n\nYou may also be asked to make deductions for Housing Benefit overpayments an employee owes their local authority. Contact local authorities, not DWP, about these deductions.\n\n## How it works\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you if you need to make Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) deductions for an employee.\n\n## How deductions work\n\nYou\u2019ll need to follow these steps if you get a letter from DWP saying you need to make Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) deductions for an employee:\n\n- Tell your employee that money will be deducted from their pay.\n\n- Work out how much to deduct from your employee\u2019s pay.\n\n- Check if your employee has other debt orders to pay and if they take priority over DEA.\n\n- Take the money from your employee\u2019s pay.\n\n- Pay the money to DWP no later than the 19th day of the month following deduction in your payroll.\n\n- Continue to make employee deductions and payments to DWP until the debt has been repaid or DWP tells you to stop.\n\nRead the employer\u2019s guide for more information on DEA deductions and payments.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep a record of deductions and tell DWP when an employee leaves your company.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not make DEA deductions.\n\n## Help with DWP payments\n\nCall the employer helpline if you have questions about how to run DEA or pay DWP.\n\nThis helpline is for DWP deductions only. Contact your employee\u2019s local authority for Housing Benefit deductions.\n\n## Calculating DEA\n\nTo calculate the deductions from your employee\u2019s pay you\u2019ll have to:\n\n- work out the employee\u2019s earnings after tax, class 1 National Insurance and workplace pension contributions\n\n- deduct the percentage shown in the table from the employee\u2019s earnings\n\n- check if the employee has other debt orders and if they take priority over Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) - see the employer\u2019s guide\n\nIf the total of all deductions is more than 40% of the employee\u2019s net earnings, DEA must be adjusted - see the employer\u2019s guide.\n\nIf payments are made every 2 or 4 weeks, calculate weekly pay and deduct the percentage in the table.\n\n## Standard DEA rates\n\n| Deductions from earnings | Employee\u2019s weekly pay | Employee\u2019s monthly pay |\n\n| Nothing to deduct | \u00a3100 or less | \u00a3430 or less |\n\n| 3% | \u00a3100.01 to \u00a3160 | \u00a3430.01 to \u00a3690 |\n\n| 5% | \u00a3160.01 to \u00a3220 | \u00a3690.01 to \u00a3950 |\n\n| 7% | \u00a3220.01 to \u00a3270 | \u00a3950.01 to \u00a31,160 |\n\n| 11% | \u00a3270.01 to \u00a3375 | \u00a31,160.01 to \u00a31,615 |\n\n| 15% | \u00a3375.01 to \u00a3520 | \u00a31,615.01 to \u00a32,240 |\n\n| 20% | More than \u00a3520 | More than \u00a32,240 |\n\n## Higher DEA rates\n\nIn some circumstances you may be asked to deduct DEA at a higher rate. The Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will tell you which rate to use when it contacts you to set up DEA deductions.\n\n| Deductions from earnings | Employee\u2019s weekly pay | Employee\u2019s monthly pay |\n\n| 5% | \u00a3100 or less | \u00a3430 or less |\n\n| 6% | \u00a3100.01 to \u00a3160 | \u00a3430.01 to \u00a3690 |\n\n| 10% | \u00a3160.01 to \u00a3220 | \u00a3690.01 to \u00a3950 |\n\n| 14% | \u00a3220.01 to \u00a3270 | \u00a3950.01 to \u00a31,160 |\n\n| 22% | \u00a3270.01 to \u00a3375 | \u00a31,160.01 to \u00a31,615 |\n\n| 30% | \u00a3375.01 to \u00a3520 | \u00a31,615.01 to \u00a32,240 |\n\n| 40% | More than \u00a3520 | More than \u00a32,240 |\n\nCall the employer helpline if you\u2019re unsure which rate to pay.\n\nThere is more detail about calculating DEA in the employer\u2019s guide.\n\n## What counts as earnings\n\nWhen calculating Direct Earnings Attachment (DEA) payments, you should include as earnings:\n\n- wages and salary\n\n- fees\n\n- bonuses\n\n- commission\n\n- overtime pay\n\n- occupational pensions if paid with wages or salary\n\n- compensation payments\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- most other payments on top of wages\n\n- pay in lieu of notice\n\nDo not count:\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Ordinary or Additional Paternity Pay\n\n- guaranteed minimum pension\n\n- any money the employee gets from the government, such as benefits, pensions or credits (includes Northern Ireland or anywhere outside the UK)\n\n- statutory redundancy pay\n\n- expenses\n\n- pay or allowances as a member of HM Forces (does not include allowances for special members of the reserve force)", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-benefit-debt-deductions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own and run a small office supplies company in Slough, England. I recently received a letter from the DWP requesting that I calculate and make DEA deductions from the pay of one of my employees who had previously been overpaid benefits by them.", + "original_question": "Do my employee's travel expenses count as part of their income when calculating the amount to deduct?" + }, + { + "id": "train-759", + "question": "Scenario: I am currently employed part-time as a care assistant and am also studying for a first degree in social work via a non-residential part-time course offered by my local university. My household income is around \u00a316,000 pa, but my employer does not directly contribute to the cost of my training.\n\nQuestion: Am I likely to be eligible for a social work bursary?\n\nDocument - Social work bursaries:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re training for social work you may get a bursary.\n\nSocial work bursaries:\n\n- help with living costs and tuition fees\n\n- don\u2019t depend on your household income\n\n- don\u2019t have to be paid back\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe social work bursary is a grant that doesn\u2019t depend on your household income and doesn\u2019t have to be paid back.\n\nThe amount you get depends on:\n\n- where you study\n\n- whether you study full or part-time\n\n- the cost of your tuition\n\nGraduates doing an undergraduate social work course can apply for the Maintenance Loan part of the main student finance \npackage.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nSocial work bursaries are paid in 3 instalments, one each term.\n\n## If you\u2019re disabled\n\nYou may be able to get extra help if you\u2019re disabled and a postgraduate student.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nSocial work bursaries are available to eligible social work students who:\n\n- don\u2019t get funding from their employer\n\n- are studying an approved undergraduate or postgraduate course in social work\n\n- don\u2019t already have a higher education social work qualification\n\nYour university or college will tell you if your course qualifies.\n\nUndergraduate students may also be able to get help from the main student finance \npackage - apply to Student Finance England.\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible for a bursary if you\u2019re studying on an employment-based course including direct Open University courses.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to download forms from NHS Business Services Authority. The address to send the form is in the guidance notes.\n\nThe deadline for 2017 to 2018 applications depends on when you start your course:\n\n| Course starts | Application deadline |\n\n| Autumn term | 1 November 2017 |\n\n| Winter term | 14 February 2018 |\n\n## Evidence needed\n\nYou may need to prove your identity by sending both:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- your passport (which must be valid)", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am currently employed part-time as a care assistant and am also studying for a first degree in social work via a non-residential part-time course offered by my local university. My household income is around \u00a316,000 pa, but my employer does not directly contribute to the cost of my training.", + "original_question": "Am I likely to be eligible for a social work bursary?" + }, + { + "id": "train-762", + "question": "Scenario: I am an accounts manager with a recruitment agency, which currently has 45 members of staff. We received a late payment penalty notice from HMRC last week, after a miscalculation regarding deadlines in the previous quarter.\n\nQuestion: Is it still possible to pay the penalty charge using a cheque, drawn on our corporate bank account and sent via the post?\n\nDocument - Pay a PAYE late payment or filing penalty:\n## Overview\n\nYou have 30 days from the date on the PAYE late penalty notice to pay or appeal it.\n\nPay now\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- Bacs\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set up one for HMRC before)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set up one for HMRC before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB03BARC20114783977692 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Shipley |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (even on bank holidays and weekends) - not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your penalty in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay at a branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need to use the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) payslip included with the late penalty or filing notice.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your penalty reference number on the back of your cheque. The reference number starts with an X. You will find it on the penalty notice sent to you by HMRC.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it (if you pay it from Monday to Friday) and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your penalty reference number as the payment reference. This starts with an X and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nDo not use your PAYE Accounts Office reference number. Your payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference.\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your penalty reference number on the back of the cheque. It starts with an \u2018X\u2019 and you\u2019ll find it on the penalty notice HMRC sent you.\n\nInclude the payslip from the penalty notice. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nIf you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.\n\n## If you do not have a payslip\n\nYou can print a payslip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nView your HMRC online account to see if your payment has been received - it should update within 6 working days.\n\nYou can also check your bank or building society statement to confirm the payment has left your account.\n\nIf you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-penalty", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an accounts manager with a recruitment agency, which currently has 45 members of staff. We received a late payment penalty notice from HMRC last week, after a miscalculation regarding deadlines in the previous quarter.", + "original_question": "Is it still possible to pay the penalty charge using a cheque, drawn on our corporate bank account and sent via the post?" + }, + { + "id": "train-763", + "question": "Scenario: I am the finance director of a autoparts manufacturer based in the midlands, which currently has 294 employees. Our PAYE bill for the previous month is now due, and I would like to pay from our corporate bank account.\n\nQuestion: Is it still possible to pay by cheque through the post?\n\nDocument - Pay employers' PAYE:\n## Overview\n\nYou must pay your PAYE bill to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by:\n\n- the 22nd of the next tax month if you pay monthly\n\n- the 22nd after the end of the quarter if you pay quarterly - for example, 22 July for the 6 April to 5 July quarter\n\nPay now\n\nIf you pay by cheque through the post the deadline is the 19th of the month.\n\n## What you\u2019re paying\n\nYour PAYE bill may include:\n\n- employee Income Tax deductions\n\n- Class 1 and 1B National Insurance\n\n- Class 1A National Insurance on termination awards and sporting testimonials\n\n- Student Loan repayments\n\n- Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deductions\n\n- your Apprenticeship Levy payments (starting from April 2017) if you, or employers you\u2019re connected to, have an annual pay bill of more than \u00a33 million\n\nYou pay your Class 1A National Insurance on work benefits that you give to your employees separately.\n\nPAYE Settlement Agreements are also paid separately.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HMRC by the deadline. You may have to pay interest and penalties if your payment is late.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- through your online bank account\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society (cash or cheque)\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve already set one up)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set up one before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## Payment booklets\n\nYou\u2019ll need a payment booklet from HMRC to pay at your bank or building society, or by post. If you do not have one, ask HMRC to send it to you.\n\nIf you\u2019re no longer using your payment booklet, you can ask HMRC to stop sending it.\n\nHMRC will automatically stop sending your payment booklet if you make 2 or more electronic payments in a year.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment. This means you\u2019ll need to set up a payment each time you pay HMRC through Direct Debit.\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need your 13-character accounts office reference number to make a payment. You can find this on the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\nThe payments will show on your bank statement as \u2018HMRC NDDS\u2019.\n\n## Early or late payments\n\nMake sure you also enter the correct year and month the payment is for in the separate boxes provided.\n\n## Make an online or telephone bank transfer\n\nYou can make a transfer from your bank account by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n## If your account is overseas\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 13-character accounts office reference number as the payment reference. You can find this on either:\n\n- the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\n- the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Early payments\n\n## If you pay monthly\n\nYou need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay before the 6th of the tax month that payment is due.\n\nWork out the number you need to use.\n\n## If you pay quarterly\n\nYou need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay before the 6th of the second month in the quarter.\n\nWork out the number you need to use.\n\n## Late payments\n\nYou need to add extra numbers to your reference number if you pay on or after the 5th of the tax month after payment was due. Do this whether you pay monthly or quarterly.\n\nWork out the number you need to use. You use a different tool if the payment was for a previous tax year.\n\n## Multiple PAYE schemes\n\nSend an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single payment via CHAPS for multiple PAYE schemes.\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## Approve a payment through your online bank account\n\nYou can pay your PAYE bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve signed into your HMRC account, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your PAYE payment.\n\nThe payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your employers\u2019 PAYE bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 13-character accounts office reference number as the payment reference. You can find this on the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.\n\n## Early or late payments\n\nMake sure you enter the correct year and month the payment is for in the separate boxes provided.\n\n## Pay for the previous tax year\n\nSelect the previous tax year and \u2018month 12\u2019 for the last tax year. If you do not do this, your payment will go to the current tax year instead.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 13-character accounts office reference number on the back of the cheque. You will find the reference number on the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent to you when you first registered as an employer.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay in using the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have one of these, ask HMRC to send you a payment booklet.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have fewer than 250 employees.\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 13-character Accounts Office reference number on the back of the cheque. You can find this number on the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nInclude the payslip for the correct period. If you do not have this, you can either:\n\n- ask HMRC to send you a payment booklet\n\n- print off a replacement payment slip\n\nYou can only use a replacement payslip to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\nDo not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYou can include a letter with your payment to ask HMRC for a receipt.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nCheck your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account - it should update within 6 working days of making payment.\n\nIf you\u2019re paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.\n\n## Tell HMRC no payment is due\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have not paid any employees for at least one tax month.\n\nYou can tell HMRC by filling in an Employer Payment Summary (EPS).\n\nYou must send it by the 19th of the month following the tax month when no employees were paid.\n\nIf you do not send an EPS, HMRC will send you a notice estimating how much you owe. You may have to pay a penalty.\n\n## Telling HMRC in advance\n\nYou can tell HMRC that you will not pay any employees up to 12 months in advance.\n\nContractors in the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) who have no payments to make need to tell HMRC through a CIS return and a EPS. CIS contractors with payments to make only need to file a CIS return.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-paye-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the finance director of a autoparts manufacturer based in the midlands, which currently has 294 employees. Our PAYE bill for the previous month is now due, and I would like to pay from our corporate bank account.", + "original_question": "Is it still possible to pay by cheque through the post?" + }, + { + "id": "train-765", + "question": "Scenario: I am 18, live in England and am currently applying to several universities to study for a degree in mechanical engineering. Three years ago I received a Youth Caution from the police after being caught with a small quantity of drugs.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to notify any University that I apply to about my caution?\n\nDocument - Telling an employer, university or college about your criminal record:\n## When you need to tell an employer, university or college\n\nWhen you apply for a role or placement, you might need to tell your potential employer, university or college about a:\n\n- conviction you got at court\n\n- caution you got from the police\n\nYou only need tell the employer, university or college about a conviction or caution:\n\n- if they ask you to, for example in an interview or on an application form\n\n- for a specific amount of time after you got it, or always for certain roles\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What information you need to give\n\nThe information you need to give a potential employer, university or college about a conviction or caution depends on:\n\n- if the conviction or caution is on your basic criminal record\n\n- the role you\u2019re applying for\n\n## What\u2019s on your basic criminal record and what\u2019s not\n\nAfter you get a conviction or caution, it\u2019s usually \u2018unspent\u2019 for a specific amount of time. The amount of time depends on the type of punishment or sentence you got.\n\nAn unspent conviction or caution means:\n\n- it\u2019s on your basic criminal record\n\n- it will show up on any DBS check (criminal record check)\n\nMost convictions or cautions then become \u2018spent\u2019 after a specific amount of time. This might be after a few months or years, or straight away.\n\nA spent conviction or caution means:\n\n- it\u2019s not on your basic criminal record anymore\n\n- it will only show up on a more detailed DBS check known as \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018enhanced\u2019, unless it\u2019s removed (\u2018filtered\u2019) from the DBS certificate\n\nYou can check when a conviction or caution you got will become spent.\n\nYou can also read about different convictions or cautions, for example a court fine or a prison sentence.\n\n## If you have an unspent conviction or caution\n\nYou only need to tell a potential employer, university or college about an unspent conviction or caution if they ask you to.\n\nIf they ask you and you do not tell them about it, they might find out by using a DBS check. They could then reject your application or withdraw a job offer, or you might be charged with a crime.\n\n## If you have a spent conviction or caution\n\nYou only need to tell a potential employer, university or college about a spent conviction or caution if all of the following apply:\n\n- they ask you to\n\n- they tell you that the role needs a standard or enhanced DBS check\n\n- it\u2019s not removed (\u2018filtered\u2019) from DBS certificates\n\nYou can check if the employer, university or college is allowed to request the standard or enhanced DBS check. They can only do this for certain roles, for example if you\u2019re working with children or in healthcare.\n\nIt\u2019s against the law for an employer, university or college to refuse you a role because you\u2019ve got a spent conviction or caution, unless it makes you unsuitable for the role. For example, a driving conviction might make you unsuitable for a job as a driving instructor.\n\n## Check if you need to tell someone about your conviction or caution\n\nUse this tool to check whether:\n\n- a conviction or caution you got in England or Wales is \u2018spent\u2019 (not on your basic criminal record)\n\n- you need to tell a potential employer, university or college about it\n\nYou can also read more about what a spent conviction or caution is.\n\n## Check your conviction or caution\n\nCheck now\n\n## Before you check\n\nFor each conviction or caution you\u2019ve had, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- the type of conviction or caution you got\n\n- the date you got it\n\n- the date any conditions ended, or how long your sentence was\n\nIf you give approximate dates, the result you get will be approximate.\n\nYou will not need to give personal details such as your name. The information you give will not be saved and cannot identify you.\n\n## Cautions\n\nA caution is an official warning from the police.\n\nIt could be a:\n\n- simple caution if you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- youth caution if you\u2019re under 18\n\n- conditional caution\n\nWhether a caution is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When simple and youth cautions become spent\n\nThey become spent straight away.\n\n## When a conditional caution becomes spent\n\nIt becomes spent either:\n\n- on the date the conditions end\n\n- 3 months after you got it, if the conditions have no end date\n\n## Fines and compensation\n\nA court might order you to pay:\n\n- a fine\n\n- compensation to someone (\u2018compensation order\u2019)\n\nWhether a fine or compensation order is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When a fine becomes spent\n\nA fine becomes spent:\n\n- one year after you got it, if you were 18 or over\n\n- 6 months after you got it, if you were under 18\n\nThere are different rules if a court gives you a fine for a driving offence.\n\n## When a compensation order becomes spent\n\nA compensation order becomes spent after you\u2019ve paid someone in full and sent proof of payment to DBS.\n\n## Driving convictions\n\nA court might give you a conviction for a driving offence, for example speeding or drink driving.\n\nThe conviction could be:\n\n- a fine\n\n- a driving ban (\u2018disqualification\u2019)\n\n- community service or a prison sentence\n\nFixed penalty notices (FPN) and penalty charge notices (PCN) are fines for minor driving offences. They will not appear on your criminal record unless a court gives you a conviction because of one.\n\nWhether a driving conviction is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## \u2018Endorsements\u2019 (penalty points)\n\nA court will give a driving ban or fine with penalty points that appear on your driving record. This is known as an \u2018endorsement\u2019.\n\nAn endorsement can stay on your driving record for longer than your criminal record.\n\nThis means a potential employer, university or college might find out about a driving ban or fine after it\u2019s spent, if they request to check your driving record.\n\n## When a fine with an endorsement becomes spent\n\nThe fine becomes spent either:\n\n- 5 years after you got it, if you were 18 or over\n\n- 2 years and 6 months after you got it, if you were under 18\n\n## When a driving ban with an endorsement becomes spent\n\nWhen a driving ban becomes spent depends on how:\n\n- long the ban lasts\n\n- old you were when you got it\n\n## If you were 18 or over\n\nIf the ban lasts less than 5 years, it becomes spent 5 years after you got it.\n\nIf the ban lasts more than 5 years, it becomes spent on the date it ends.\n\n## If you were under 18\n\nIf the ban lasts less than 2 years and 6 months, it becomes spent 2 years and 6 months after you got it.\n\nIf the ban lasts more than 2 years and 6 months, it becomes spent on the date it ends.\n\n## Prison sentences\n\nA court might:\n\n- give you a prison sentence if you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- give you a detention order (\u2018detention and training order\u2019) if you\u2019re under 18\n\n- order you to stay in hospital instead of prison (\u2018hospital order\u2019) if there are concerns about your mental health\n\nA court can decide to delay a prison sentence for up to 2 years as long as you meet certain conditions. This is known as \u2018suspended\u2019.\n\nWhether a sentence is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When a prison sentence becomes spent\n\nThe length of the prison sentence affects when it becomes spent.\n\n| Length of your sentence | When it becomes spent |\n\n| Less than 6 months | 2 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| 6 months to 2 years and 6 months | 4 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| 2 years and 6 months to 4 years | 7 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| Longer than 4 years | It never becomes spent |\n\n## If your prison sentence was \u2018suspended\u2019 or you were released early\n\nThe full length of the prison sentence affects when it becomes spent - not the amount of the time it was suspended for or how long you were in prison.\n\n## When a detention order becomes spent\n\nThe length of the sentence affects when it becomes spent.\n\n| Length of your sentence | When it becomes spent |\n\n| Less than 6 months | 1 year and 6 months after the sentence ends |\n\n| 6 months to 2 years and 6 months | 2 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| 2 years and 6 months to 4 years | 3 years and 6 months after the sentence ends |\n\n| Longer than 4 years | It never becomes spent |\n\n## When a hospital order becomes spent\n\nA hospital order becomes spent either:\n\n- on the date it ends\n\n- 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date.\n\n## Community service\n\nA court might give you:\n\n- community service (\u2018community order\u2019) if you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- a youth order (\u2018youth rehabilitation order\u2019) or a referral order if you\u2019re under 18\n\nFor example unpaid work, a curfew or alcohol treatment.\n\nWhether a community, youth or referral order is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When community service becomes spent\n\nCommunity service becomes spent either:\n\n- one year after its end date\n\n- 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date\n\n## When a youth order becomes spent\n\nA youth order becomes spent either:\n\n- 6 months after its end date\n\n- 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date\n\n## When a referral order becomes spent\n\nA referral order becomes spent on its end date.\n\n## Discharges\n\nA discharge is a type of conviction where a court finds you guilty but does not give you a sentence because the offence is very minor.\n\nThe conviction could be:\n\n- an absolute discharge\n\n- a conditional discharge, where you could still get a sentence if you break the conditions\n\n- a \u2018bind over\u2019, where you could get a fine if you break the conditions\n\nWhether a discharge or bind over is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When an absolute discharge becomes spent\n\nIt becomes spent straight away.\n\n## When conditional discharges and bind overs become spent\n\nThey become spent either:\n\n- on the date they end\n\n- 2 years after you got one, if there\u2019s no end date\n\n## Military convictions\n\nA court might give you a military conviction if they find you guilty of a crime while you served in the British armed forces.\n\nThe conviction might be:\n\n- a dismissal\n\n- a service detention\n\n- an overseas community order\n\n- a service community order\n\nWhether a military conviction is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When military convictions become spent\n\nHow long it takes for a conviction to become spent depends on how old you were when you were convicted. If you were:\n\n- 18 or over it takes 12 months\n\n- under 18 it takes 6 months\n\nThe length of time is calculated from:\n\n- the date of your conviction for dismissals\n\n- the day on which the sentence is complete for service detentions\n\n- the end date for overseas and community service orders - if the order has no end date, it becomes spent after 2 years\n\nIf you were given both a dismissal and a service detention then the longer of the two spent dates applies.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-employer-or-college-about-criminal-record", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 18, live in England and am currently applying to several universities to study for a degree in mechanical engineering. Three years ago I received a Youth Caution from the police after being caught with a small quantity of drugs.", + "original_question": "Do I have to notify any University that I apply to about my caution?" + }, + { + "id": "train-766", + "question": "Scenario: I am 42 and live and work in England. Three years ago I was sentenced to be bound over the keep the peace for 6 months, after getting into a fight with a neighbour over a parking dispute. I am now looking for a new job.\n\nQuestion: Is my conviction regarded as \"spent\" yet?\n\nDocument - Telling an employer, university or college about your criminal record:\n## When you need to tell an employer, university or college\n\nWhen you apply for a role or placement, you might need to tell your potential employer, university or college about a:\n\n- conviction you got at court\n\n- caution you got from the police\n\nYou only need tell the employer, university or college about a conviction or caution:\n\n- if they ask you to, for example in an interview or on an application form\n\n- for a specific amount of time after you got it, or always for certain roles\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What information you need to give\n\nThe information you need to give a potential employer, university or college about a conviction or caution depends on:\n\n- if the conviction or caution is on your basic criminal record\n\n- the role you\u2019re applying for\n\n## What\u2019s on your basic criminal record and what\u2019s not\n\nAfter you get a conviction or caution, it\u2019s usually \u2018unspent\u2019 for a specific amount of time. The amount of time depends on the type of punishment or sentence you got.\n\nAn unspent conviction or caution means:\n\n- it\u2019s on your basic criminal record\n\n- it will show up on any DBS check (criminal record check)\n\nMost convictions or cautions then become \u2018spent\u2019 after a specific amount of time. This might be after a few months or years, or straight away.\n\nA spent conviction or caution means:\n\n- it\u2019s not on your basic criminal record anymore\n\n- it will only show up on a more detailed DBS check known as \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018enhanced\u2019, unless it\u2019s removed (\u2018filtered\u2019) from the DBS certificate\n\nYou can check when a conviction or caution you got will become spent.\n\nYou can also read about different convictions or cautions, for example a court fine or a prison sentence.\n\n## If you have an unspent conviction or caution\n\nYou only need to tell a potential employer, university or college about an unspent conviction or caution if they ask you to.\n\nIf they ask you and you do not tell them about it, they might find out by using a DBS check. They could then reject your application or withdraw a job offer, or you might be charged with a crime.\n\n## If you have a spent conviction or caution\n\nYou only need to tell a potential employer, university or college about a spent conviction or caution if all of the following apply:\n\n- they ask you to\n\n- they tell you that the role needs a standard or enhanced DBS check\n\n- it\u2019s not removed (\u2018filtered\u2019) from DBS certificates\n\nYou can check if the employer, university or college is allowed to request the standard or enhanced DBS check. They can only do this for certain roles, for example if you\u2019re working with children or in healthcare.\n\nIt\u2019s against the law for an employer, university or college to refuse you a role because you\u2019ve got a spent conviction or caution, unless it makes you unsuitable for the role. For example, a driving conviction might make you unsuitable for a job as a driving instructor.\n\n## Check if you need to tell someone about your conviction or caution\n\nUse this tool to check whether:\n\n- a conviction or caution you got in England or Wales is \u2018spent\u2019 (not on your basic criminal record)\n\n- you need to tell a potential employer, university or college about it\n\nYou can also read more about what a spent conviction or caution is.\n\n## Check your conviction or caution\n\nCheck now\n\n## Before you check\n\nFor each conviction or caution you\u2019ve had, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- the type of conviction or caution you got\n\n- the date you got it\n\n- the date any conditions ended, or how long your sentence was\n\nIf you give approximate dates, the result you get will be approximate.\n\nYou will not need to give personal details such as your name. The information you give will not be saved and cannot identify you.\n\n## Cautions\n\nA caution is an official warning from the police.\n\nIt could be a:\n\n- simple caution if you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- youth caution if you\u2019re under 18\n\n- conditional caution\n\nWhether a caution is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When simple and youth cautions become spent\n\nThey become spent straight away.\n\n## When a conditional caution becomes spent\n\nIt becomes spent either:\n\n- on the date the conditions end\n\n- 3 months after you got it, if the conditions have no end date\n\n## Fines and compensation\n\nA court might order you to pay:\n\n- a fine\n\n- compensation to someone (\u2018compensation order\u2019)\n\nWhether a fine or compensation order is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When a fine becomes spent\n\nA fine becomes spent:\n\n- one year after you got it, if you were 18 or over\n\n- 6 months after you got it, if you were under 18\n\nThere are different rules if a court gives you a fine for a driving offence.\n\n## When a compensation order becomes spent\n\nA compensation order becomes spent after you\u2019ve paid someone in full and sent proof of payment to DBS.\n\n## Driving convictions\n\nA court might give you a conviction for a driving offence, for example speeding or drink driving.\n\nThe conviction could be:\n\n- a fine\n\n- a driving ban (\u2018disqualification\u2019)\n\n- community service or a prison sentence\n\nFixed penalty notices (FPN) and penalty charge notices (PCN) are fines for minor driving offences. They will not appear on your criminal record unless a court gives you a conviction because of one.\n\nWhether a driving conviction is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## \u2018Endorsements\u2019 (penalty points)\n\nA court will give a driving ban or fine with penalty points that appear on your driving record. This is known as an \u2018endorsement\u2019.\n\nAn endorsement can stay on your driving record for longer than your criminal record.\n\nThis means a potential employer, university or college might find out about a driving ban or fine after it\u2019s spent, if they request to check your driving record.\n\n## When a fine with an endorsement becomes spent\n\nThe fine becomes spent either:\n\n- 5 years after you got it, if you were 18 or over\n\n- 2 years and 6 months after you got it, if you were under 18\n\n## When a driving ban with an endorsement becomes spent\n\nWhen a driving ban becomes spent depends on how:\n\n- long the ban lasts\n\n- old you were when you got it\n\n## If you were 18 or over\n\nIf the ban lasts less than 5 years, it becomes spent 5 years after you got it.\n\nIf the ban lasts more than 5 years, it becomes spent on the date it ends.\n\n## If you were under 18\n\nIf the ban lasts less than 2 years and 6 months, it becomes spent 2 years and 6 months after you got it.\n\nIf the ban lasts more than 2 years and 6 months, it becomes spent on the date it ends.\n\n## Prison sentences\n\nA court might:\n\n- give you a prison sentence if you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- give you a detention order (\u2018detention and training order\u2019) if you\u2019re under 18\n\n- order you to stay in hospital instead of prison (\u2018hospital order\u2019) if there are concerns about your mental health\n\nA court can decide to delay a prison sentence for up to 2 years as long as you meet certain conditions. This is known as \u2018suspended\u2019.\n\nWhether a sentence is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When a prison sentence becomes spent\n\nThe length of the prison sentence affects when it becomes spent.\n\n| Length of your sentence | When it becomes spent |\n\n| Less than 6 months | 2 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| 6 months to 2 years and 6 months | 4 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| 2 years and 6 months to 4 years | 7 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| Longer than 4 years | It never becomes spent |\n\n## If your prison sentence was \u2018suspended\u2019 or you were released early\n\nThe full length of the prison sentence affects when it becomes spent - not the amount of the time it was suspended for or how long you were in prison.\n\n## When a detention order becomes spent\n\nThe length of the sentence affects when it becomes spent.\n\n| Length of your sentence | When it becomes spent |\n\n| Less than 6 months | 1 year and 6 months after the sentence ends |\n\n| 6 months to 2 years and 6 months | 2 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| 2 years and 6 months to 4 years | 3 years and 6 months after the sentence ends |\n\n| Longer than 4 years | It never becomes spent |\n\n## When a hospital order becomes spent\n\nA hospital order becomes spent either:\n\n- on the date it ends\n\n- 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date.\n\n## Community service\n\nA court might give you:\n\n- community service (\u2018community order\u2019) if you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- a youth order (\u2018youth rehabilitation order\u2019) or a referral order if you\u2019re under 18\n\nFor example unpaid work, a curfew or alcohol treatment.\n\nWhether a community, youth or referral order is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When community service becomes spent\n\nCommunity service becomes spent either:\n\n- one year after its end date\n\n- 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date\n\n## When a youth order becomes spent\n\nA youth order becomes spent either:\n\n- 6 months after its end date\n\n- 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date\n\n## When a referral order becomes spent\n\nA referral order becomes spent on its end date.\n\n## Discharges\n\nA discharge is a type of conviction where a court finds you guilty but does not give you a sentence because the offence is very minor.\n\nThe conviction could be:\n\n- an absolute discharge\n\n- a conditional discharge, where you could still get a sentence if you break the conditions\n\n- a \u2018bind over\u2019, where you could get a fine if you break the conditions\n\nWhether a discharge or bind over is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When an absolute discharge becomes spent\n\nIt becomes spent straight away.\n\n## When conditional discharges and bind overs become spent\n\nThey become spent either:\n\n- on the date they end\n\n- 2 years after you got one, if there\u2019s no end date\n\n## Military convictions\n\nA court might give you a military conviction if they find you guilty of a crime while you served in the British armed forces.\n\nThe conviction might be:\n\n- a dismissal\n\n- a service detention\n\n- an overseas community order\n\n- a service community order\n\nWhether a military conviction is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When military convictions become spent\n\nHow long it takes for a conviction to become spent depends on how old you were when you were convicted. If you were:\n\n- 18 or over it takes 12 months\n\n- under 18 it takes 6 months\n\nThe length of time is calculated from:\n\n- the date of your conviction for dismissals\n\n- the day on which the sentence is complete for service detentions\n\n- the end date for overseas and community service orders - if the order has no end date, it becomes spent after 2 years\n\nIf you were given both a dismissal and a service detention then the longer of the two spent dates applies.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-employer-or-college-about-criminal-record", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 42 and live and work in England. Three years ago I was sentenced to be bound over the keep the peace for 6 months, after getting into a fight with a neighbour over a parking dispute. I am now looking for a new job.", + "original_question": "Is my conviction regarded as \"spent\" yet?" + }, + { + "id": "train-769", + "question": "Scenario: I have just been appointed finance director for a consulting firm based in the City of London, and my duties will of course include our supervising our payroll. After the disruption caused to HMRC by the pandemic, I am concerned that I may not receive my employees' new tax codes for the next financial year in time.\n\nQuestion: If I don't receive notification of new employee tax codes from HMRC by the end of March, is it OK to carry forward the existing codes into the next financial year?\n\nDocument - Understanding your employees' tax codes:\n## Overview\n\nYou put an employee\u2019s tax code into your payroll software to work out how much tax to deduct from their pay throughout the year.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide on tax codes if you\u2019re an employee.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nWhen you take on a new employee, you normally work out their tax code by using their P45. The code will usually be made up of several numbers and a letter, such as 1257L.\n\nYou usually need to update your employee\u2019s tax code at the start of a new tax year. If the tax code changes during the year, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will email you - you should update your payroll records as soon as possible.\n\n## Tax code 1257L\n\nThe most common tax code for tax year 2021 to 2022 is 1257L. It\u2019s used for most people with one job and no untaxed income, unpaid tax or taxable benefits (for example a company car).\n\n1257L is an emergency tax code only if followed by \u2018W1\u2019, \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018X\u2019. Emergency codes can be used if a new employee doesn\u2019t have a P45.\n\n## What the numbers mean\n\nThe numbers in an employee\u2019s tax code show how much tax-free income they get in that tax year.\n\nYou usually multiply the number in the tax code by 10 to get the total amount of income they can earn before being taxed.\n\nFor example, an employee with the tax code 1257L can earn \u00a312,570 before being taxed. If they earn \u00a327,000 per year, their taxable income is \u00a314,430.\n\nThe process is different if the employee has the letter \u2018K\u2019 in their tax code.\n\n## What the letters mean\n\nLetters in an employee\u2019s tax code refer to their situation and how it affects their Personal Allowance.\n\n| Code | How tax is deducted | When this code is usually used |\n\n| 0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up |\n\n| BR | From all income at the basic rate | For a second job or pension |\n\n| C | From income in the Welsh tax bands | For an employee whose main home is in Wales |\n\n| C0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee whose main home is in Wales hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up |\n\n| CBR | From all income at the basic rate in Wales | For a second job or pension |\n\n| CD0 | From all income at the higher rate in Wales | For a second job or pension |\n\n| CD1 | From all income at the additional rate in Wales | For a second job or pension |\n\n| D0 | From all income at the higher rate | For a second job or pension |\n\n| D1 | From all income at the additional rate | For a second job or pension |\n\n| L | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee entitled to the standard tax-free Personal Allowance |\n\n| M | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee whose spouse or civil partner has transferred some of their Personal Allowance |\n\n| N | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee who has transferred some of their Personal Allowance to their spouse or civil partner |\n\n| NT | No tax is deducted | Very specific cases, for example musicians who are regarded as self-employed and not subject to PAYE |\n\n| S | From income in the Scottish tax bands | For an employee whose main home is in Scotland |\n\n| S0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee whose main home is in Scotland hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up |\n\n| SBR | From all income at the basic rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| SD0 | From all income at the intermediate rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| SD1 | From all income at the higher rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| SD2 | From all income at the top rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| T | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | When HMRC needs to review some items with the employee |\n\n## If your employee\u2019s tax code has \u2018W1\u2019 or \u2018M1\u2019 at the end\n\nW1 (week 1) and M1 (month 1) are emergency tax codes and appear at the end of an employee\u2019s tax code, for example \u2018577L W1\u2019 or \u2018577L M1\u2019. Calculate your employee\u2019s tax only on what they are paid in the current pay period, not the whole year.\n\n## Tax codes with the letter \u2018K\u2019\n\nThe letter K is used in an employee\u2019s tax code when deductions due for company benefits, state pension or tax owed from previous years are greater than their Personal Allowance.\n\nMultiply the number in their tax code by 10 to show how much should be added to their taxable income before deductions are calculated.\n\nThe tax deduction for each pay period can\u2019t be more than half an employee\u2019s pre-tax pay or pension.\n\n## Changes during the tax year\n\nUsually someone\u2019s tax code changes if their tax-free income (Personal Allowance) goes up or down, for example they start or stop receiving a taxable benefit like a company car.\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you an email alert if one of your employees\u2019 tax codes changes.\n\n- Access the new tax code in PAYE Online (in \u2018tax code notices\u2019), the PAYE Desktop Viewer application, or in your payroll software (if it has this feature). Check if your employee\u2019s previous pay and tax are included with the new tax code. If they are, note these figures.\n\n- As soon as possible, and before you next pay your employee, update their payroll record with their new tax code. Add their previous pay and tax, if you received these figures with the new tax code.\n\nA tax code notice is sometimes called a P6 form.\n\nIf you receive an employee\u2019s new tax code too late to use in the tax year, you should use it in the new tax year.\n\n## Updating for the new tax year\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you between January and March about any new tax codes to use for employees in the new tax year. This starts on 6 April.\n\nIf an employee\u2019s tax code isn\u2019t changing, HMRC won\u2019t contact you and you should carry forward the employee\u2019s tax code to the new tax year.\n\nIf your employee\u2019s tax code ends with \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018W1\u2019 (\u2018month 1\u2019 or \u2018week 1\u2019), don\u2019t carry this part of the code into the new tax year.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employee-tax-codes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just been appointed finance director for a consulting firm based in the City of London, and my duties will of course include our supervising our payroll. After the disruption caused to HMRC by the pandemic, I am concerned that I may not receive my employees' new tax codes for the next financial year in time.", + "original_question": "If I don't receive notification of new employee tax codes from HMRC by the end of March, is it OK to carry forward the existing codes into the next financial year?" + }, + { + "id": "train-770", + "question": "Scenario: I am an associate in the Human Resources Department of a medium-sized startup company in Wales. I am currently drawing up our employees' handbook, and have been referred to the ACAS code of practice by my superior.\n\nQuestion: Is there a legal requirement for the company to follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures?\n\nDocument - Taking disciplinary action against an employee:\n## Overview\n\nYou should have written disciplinary rules and procedures to deal with employee performance and conduct and you must tell your staff about them.\n\nYour rules must say what is acceptable and unacceptable behaviour in the workplace and what action you will take if the rules are broken.\n\nThe rules should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures.\n\nNot following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.\n\n## Acas guide to discipline and grievances\n\nThe Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work gives more information for employers about taking disciplinary action.\n\n## Acas Helpline\n\nThe Acas Helpline has further advice on disciplinary issues.\n\n## Practical training courses\n\nAcas also runs practical training courses on workplace discipline.\n\n## Writing disciplinary proceedings\n\nYour disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.\n\nNot following the code is not illegal. However, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you and you did not follow the code, then their award could be up to 25% more.\n\nThe exact rules will depend on your organisation, but could cover things like:\n\n- acceptable and unacceptable behaviour\n\n- absence and timekeeping\n\n- health and safety\n\n- use of phones and the internet\n\nYou cannot normally discipline or dismiss an employee for whistleblowing.\n\n## Gross misconduct\n\nYour disciplinary rules should give examples of what will be treated as gross misconduct. This is misconduct judged so serious that it\u2019s likely to lead to dismissal without notice, for example fraud, theft and physical violence.\n\n## Telling employees about disciplinary rules\n\nYour disciplinary rules must be in your statement of employment or clearly written elsewhere, such as in a staff handbook.\n\nThe rules should clearly say when someone might face disciplinary action and what that action could be.\n\nYou must also give the name of someone they should appeal to if they\u2019re unhappy about a disciplinary decision.\n\nIf you do not provide this information and an employee then wins an employment tribunal claim against you, they could be awarded 2 to 4 weeks\u2019 pay.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures and contracts\n\nIf you make your disciplinary procedures part of an employment contract then the employee could make a breach of contract claim against you if you do not follow your procedures.\n\n## Example letters and forms\n\nAcas has a number of sample letters and forms for disciplinary proceedings on its website.\n\n## Disciplinary investigations and hearings\n\nThe law does not say exactly how you should investigate disciplinary issues or hold disciplinary meetings.\n\nHowever, the Acas guide to discipline and grievances at work has lots of practical advice about running disciplinary proceedings professionally and fairly.\n\n## The suggested disciplinary process\n\nThe Acas guidance suggests that your disciplinary process should follow the following format:\n\n- A letter telling your employee the issue and inviting them to a disciplinary hearing.\n\n- A meeting with your employee to discuss the issue - they should have the right to be accompanied.\n\n- A letter to your employee saying what action you are going to take. This should be sent as soon as practically possible.\n\n- Your employee should than have a chance to appeal your decision.\n\n## Disciplinary decisions\n\nDisciplinary decisions could be anything that could resolve the problem.\n\nThis could include:\n\n- no action\n\n- written warning\n\n- final warning\n\n- demotion\n\n- dismissal\n\n- mediation with a co-worker\n\n## Appeals\n\nAn employee has the right to appeal against a decision made after a disciplinary hearing.\n\nYou should tell them about this when you give them written notice of your decision, and should give them a deadline to tell you they want to appeal.\n\nYour employee\u2019s statement of terms and conditions of employment must legally include the person they can apply to if they want to appeal a disciplinary decision. It must also explain how to do this.\n\nIf the employee does decide to appeal, you should try to hold the appeal hearing as soon as possible.\n\nYou should follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures when dealing with appeals. Otherwise, if someone wins an employment tribunal against you their award could be higher.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-disciplinary-action", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an associate in the Human Resources Department of a medium-sized startup company in Wales. I am currently drawing up our employees' handbook, and have been referred to the ACAS code of practice by my superior.", + "original_question": "Is there a legal requirement for the company to follow the Acas code of practice on disciplinary and grievance procedures?" + }, + { + "id": "train-771", + "question": "Scenario: I am the HR manager for a medium-sized financial services firm. One of our employees is currently the subject of a DEO, which we are paying to the CMS as instructed. However, this individual has just given notice that they will be leaving at the end of this month.\n\nQuestion: Do we have to notify the CMS of their departure, and if so how soon?\n\nDocument - Make child maintenance deductions from an employee's pay:\n## Overview\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service can ask you to:\n\n- give information about your employee so they can work out the right amount of child maintenance\n\n- set up a deduction from earnings order (DEO)\n\n- answer enquiries from other organisations who collect payments of child maintenance on their behalf\n\nYou may also be given an attachment of earnings order (AEO) by a court.\n\n## Your legal obligations when deducting child maintenance\n\nBy law, you must:\n\n- give information to the Child Maintenance Service if you\u2019re asked to\n\n- send payments as soon as possible, to arrive no later than the 19th day of the month following the month you made the deduction\n\n- tell the Child Maintenance Service immediately if there are any problems with taking payments from a paying parent\u2019s earnings\n\n- make regular payments - if you do not send payments and do not explain why, you could be taken to court\n\nThe paying parent is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\nYou must report a change of circumstances to the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days. For example, if:\n\n- an employee leaves your business\n\n- you\u2019re asked to set up a deduction from earnings order (DEO) for someone who does not work for you\n\nYou can report changes online or by phone.\n\n## Use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\nIf you\u2019ve ever managed a case through the Child Maintenance Service, you can register for the online service. The service lets you:\n\n- see all deductions\n\n- report and make changes\n\n- send messages\n\n- see important information you\u2019ve been sent\n\n## Call the Child Maintenance Service\n\nYou can call the Child Maintenance Service if you have questions or need to report a change.\n\n## Deduction from earnings orders (DEOs)\n\nDeduction from earnings orders (DEOs) are a way of collecting child maintenance directly from a paying parent\u2019s earnings or pension.\n\nThe paying parent is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\n## When you\u2019ll get a DEO\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a deduction from earnings order (DEO) if one of your employees is a paying parent who:\n\n- chooses to pay child maintenance direct from their earnings\n\n- does not pay child maintenance owed\n\n- does not pay the correct amount\n\n- does not pay on time\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou must deduct the amount of child maintenance stated on the DEO from your employee\u2019s net earnings or their pension and pay it to the Child Maintenance Service. This will include any arrears that are due.\n\n## Other court orders against your employee\n\nYou could get a DEO from the Child Maintenance Service and an attachment of earnings order (AEO) from a court.\n\n## How to calculate deductions\n\nThe deduction from earnings order (DEO) will show 2 rates.\n\n| Rate | What it means |\n\n| Normal deduction rate (NDR) | The amount your employee owes in child maintenance. You\u2019ll deduct this from their pay. |\n\n| Protected earnings rate (PER) or protected earnings proportion (PEP) | The minimum pay you must make sure your employee takes home after all deductions have been made. |\n\nThe PER applies to cases opened before 3 March 2003. The PEP applies to cases opened from 3 March 2003.\n\nYou must make sure that your deduction leaves your employee with the amount of their protected earnings, unless the deduction is for administrative costs.\n\n## How much to deduct\n\nYou may not always be able to deduct the full NDR from your employee\u2019s pay.\n\nThis depends on how much they have left in net earnings once you\u2019ve taken in account their PER or PEP.\n\nYou can deduct up to \u00a31 for administration costs.\n\n## If you cannot deduct the full NDR\n\nYou must:\n\n- keep a record of the shortfall\n\n- carry forward the shortfall to the next period\n\n- send any deduction you\u2019ve been able to make to the court or Child Maintenance Service\n\nYou then deduct the full amount of the shortfall plus the NDR owed for the next pay period. You must still leave your employee with the PER or PEP.\n\nIf the shortfall is carried forward for several weeks before being repaid, keep a record of the ongoing shortfall.\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service or court may need to review an NDR if an employee consistently cannot pay it.\n\n## If you pay your employee holiday pay in advance\n\nYou\u2019ll have to:\n\n- calculate your employee\u2019s total net earnings for the pay period\n\n- multiply the PER or PEP and the NDR by the number of weeks in the pay period\n\n- set aside the combined PER or PEP and take off the combined NDR in the usual way\n\n## If you get more than one DEO or AEO for an employee\n\nSometimes a paying parent has more than one case and is paying child maintenance for children by different receiving parents.\n\nThe receiving parent has main day-to-day care of the child. The paying parent does not have main day-to-day care.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay AEOs in the order of the date of issue, so you might have to finish deducting payments for one before another.\n\nAEOs for maintenance have to be paid before AEOs for civil debts.\n\n## What counts as earnings\n\nA deduction from earnings order (DEO) or an attachment of earnings order (AEO) can only be made from the following earnings:\n\n- wages, fees, bonus, commission, overtime pay or any payments on top of wages\n\n- private or occupational pensions and compensation payments\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- contractual sick pay\n\n- contractual maternity pay\n\n- contractual paternity pay\n\n- contractual adoption pay\n\n- contractual redundancy pay\n\nStatutory pay is money that your employees are entitled to by law. Contractual pay is what you agree with your employees over and above statutory pay.\n\n## What does not count as earnings\n\nYour employee cannot pay child maintenance by DEO or AEO if their only earnings are in the following categories:\n\n- amounts paid by a public department of the government of Northern Ireland or any country outside the UK\n\n- any social security pension, allowance or benefit\n\n- tax credits\n\n- any pension or allowance paid for disability\n\n- guaranteed minimum pension within the Social Security Pensions Act 1975\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\n## Make DEO payments\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you do not pay the amount on a deduction from earnings order (DEO).\n\nYou can make\u00a0DEO\u00a0payments by using the Banks Automated Clearing System (BACS). The Child Maintenance Service can help you set it up.\n\n## Pay online\n\nYou can manage your Child Maintenance Service payments online.\n\nYou should send a single bulk BACS payment for all the employees you make a deduction from. You\u2019ll get a monthly schedule.\n\n## Pay by other methods\n\nYou can also pay by:\n\n- internet banking\n\n- telephone banking\n\n- cheque (made payable to \u2018The Child Maintenance Service\u2019)\n\n## Account details to use\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name | Account code | Transaction code |\n\n| 60 70 80 | 10026584 | DWP CMG Employers | 0 | 99 |\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give the employer reference number. It will be a 12 digit number starting with 5.\n\n## When to pay\n\nYou should send a payment to the Child Maintenance Service so it gets there no later than the 19th day of the month following the month that you took it.\n\nYou and your employee will be sent a letter every year to remind you how much must be paid and when.\n\n## Deductions for administrative costs\n\nYou can take up to \u00a31 towards administrative costs for each deduction, on top of the amount asked for on the DEO. You can take it even if it reduces your employee\u2019s income below the protected earnings proportion or protected earnings rate.\n\n## Inform your employee\n\nYou must inform your employee in writing about each deduction when they are given their pay statement. Include the amount (if any) you deduct towards your expenses.\n\nIf pay statements are not usually given, you should inform your employee in writing. You should do this no later than the employee\u2019s pay day after the deduction was made.\n\n## If you pay the wrong amount\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if you find a mistake in the amount you\u2019ve paid. You can either:\n\n- use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\n- call the employer payment team\n\n## Change of circumstances for DEOs\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if your employee\u2019s circumstances change.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\n- call the employer helpline\n\nIf your business stops trading, or if your employee leaves your employment, you must tell the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days.\n\nYou should also tell them if your employee changes their hours.\n\nYou and your employee will be sent a revised deduction from earnings order (DEO).\n\n## If the Child Maintenance Service cancels a DEO\n\nThey will write to you and your employee to tell you the DEO has been cancelled. They will ask you to stop taking deductions from the date of the letter.\n\nYou must only stop taking deductions if you\u2019re told in writing.\n\n## If you do not help with DEOs or AEOs\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3250 or sent to prison for up to 14 days if you do not do what an attachment of earnings order (AEO) says you should do.\n\nIf you\u2019ve got a deduction from earnings order (DEO) it\u2019s an offence to:\n\n- not provide information when it\u2019s required\n\n- make a false statement or representation\n\n- knowingly provide false information\n\n- delay or obstruct an inspector on purpose\n\n- refuse or fail to answer any questions or supply any information or to produce any document when it\u2019s asked for\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service sometimes sends inspectors to interview \u2018paying parents\u2019 at work. You must let them interview your employee.\n\nThe \u2018paying parent\u2019 is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re found guilty of any of these offences.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-for-employers", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the HR manager for a medium-sized financial services firm. One of our employees is currently the subject of a DEO, which we are paying to the CMS as instructed. However, this individual has just given notice that they will be leaving at the end of this month.", + "original_question": "Do we have to notify the CMS of their departure, and if so how soon?" + }, + { + "id": "train-772", + "question": "Scenario: I own and operate a software services company based in Dundee, Scotland. I have received a DEO in respect of one of my employees; however, she is currently on Statutory Maternity Leave and receiving Statutory Maternity Pay.\n\nQuestion: Does her Statutory Maternity Pay count as earnings for the purposes of the DEO?\n\nDocument - Make child maintenance deductions from an employee's pay:\n## Overview\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service can ask you to:\n\n- give information about your employee so they can work out the right amount of child maintenance\n\n- set up a deduction from earnings order (DEO)\n\n- answer enquiries from other organisations who collect payments of child maintenance on their behalf\n\nYou may also be given an attachment of earnings order (AEO) by a court.\n\n## Your legal obligations when deducting child maintenance\n\nBy law, you must:\n\n- give information to the Child Maintenance Service if you\u2019re asked to\n\n- send payments as soon as possible, to arrive no later than the 19th day of the month following the month you made the deduction\n\n- tell the Child Maintenance Service immediately if there are any problems with taking payments from a paying parent\u2019s earnings\n\n- make regular payments - if you do not send payments and do not explain why, you could be taken to court\n\nThe paying parent is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\nYou must report a change of circumstances to the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days. For example, if:\n\n- an employee leaves your business\n\n- you\u2019re asked to set up a deduction from earnings order (DEO) for someone who does not work for you\n\nYou can report changes online or by phone.\n\n## Use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\nIf you\u2019ve ever managed a case through the Child Maintenance Service, you can register for the online service. The service lets you:\n\n- see all deductions\n\n- report and make changes\n\n- send messages\n\n- see important information you\u2019ve been sent\n\n## Call the Child Maintenance Service\n\nYou can call the Child Maintenance Service if you have questions or need to report a change.\n\n## Deduction from earnings orders (DEOs)\n\nDeduction from earnings orders (DEOs) are a way of collecting child maintenance directly from a paying parent\u2019s earnings or pension.\n\nThe paying parent is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\n## When you\u2019ll get a DEO\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a deduction from earnings order (DEO) if one of your employees is a paying parent who:\n\n- chooses to pay child maintenance direct from their earnings\n\n- does not pay child maintenance owed\n\n- does not pay the correct amount\n\n- does not pay on time\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYou must deduct the amount of child maintenance stated on the DEO from your employee\u2019s net earnings or their pension and pay it to the Child Maintenance Service. This will include any arrears that are due.\n\n## Other court orders against your employee\n\nYou could get a DEO from the Child Maintenance Service and an attachment of earnings order (AEO) from a court.\n\n## How to calculate deductions\n\nThe deduction from earnings order (DEO) will show 2 rates.\n\n| Rate | What it means |\n\n| Normal deduction rate (NDR) | The amount your employee owes in child maintenance. You\u2019ll deduct this from their pay. |\n\n| Protected earnings rate (PER) or protected earnings proportion (PEP) | The minimum pay you must make sure your employee takes home after all deductions have been made. |\n\nThe PER applies to cases opened before 3 March 2003. The PEP applies to cases opened from 3 March 2003.\n\nYou must make sure that your deduction leaves your employee with the amount of their protected earnings, unless the deduction is for administrative costs.\n\n## How much to deduct\n\nYou may not always be able to deduct the full NDR from your employee\u2019s pay.\n\nThis depends on how much they have left in net earnings once you\u2019ve taken in account their PER or PEP.\n\nYou can deduct up to \u00a31 for administration costs.\n\n## If you cannot deduct the full NDR\n\nYou must:\n\n- keep a record of the shortfall\n\n- carry forward the shortfall to the next period\n\n- send any deduction you\u2019ve been able to make to the court or Child Maintenance Service\n\nYou then deduct the full amount of the shortfall plus the NDR owed for the next pay period. You must still leave your employee with the PER or PEP.\n\nIf the shortfall is carried forward for several weeks before being repaid, keep a record of the ongoing shortfall.\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service or court may need to review an NDR if an employee consistently cannot pay it.\n\n## If you pay your employee holiday pay in advance\n\nYou\u2019ll have to:\n\n- calculate your employee\u2019s total net earnings for the pay period\n\n- multiply the PER or PEP and the NDR by the number of weeks in the pay period\n\n- set aside the combined PER or PEP and take off the combined NDR in the usual way\n\n## If you get more than one DEO or AEO for an employee\n\nSometimes a paying parent has more than one case and is paying child maintenance for children by different receiving parents.\n\nThe receiving parent has main day-to-day care of the child. The paying parent does not have main day-to-day care.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay AEOs in the order of the date of issue, so you might have to finish deducting payments for one before another.\n\nAEOs for maintenance have to be paid before AEOs for civil debts.\n\n## What counts as earnings\n\nA deduction from earnings order (DEO) or an attachment of earnings order (AEO) can only be made from the following earnings:\n\n- wages, fees, bonus, commission, overtime pay or any payments on top of wages\n\n- private or occupational pensions and compensation payments\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- contractual sick pay\n\n- contractual maternity pay\n\n- contractual paternity pay\n\n- contractual adoption pay\n\n- contractual redundancy pay\n\nStatutory pay is money that your employees are entitled to by law. Contractual pay is what you agree with your employees over and above statutory pay.\n\n## What does not count as earnings\n\nYour employee cannot pay child maintenance by DEO or AEO if their only earnings are in the following categories:\n\n- amounts paid by a public department of the government of Northern Ireland or any country outside the UK\n\n- any social security pension, allowance or benefit\n\n- tax credits\n\n- any pension or allowance paid for disability\n\n- guaranteed minimum pension within the Social Security Pensions Act 1975\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\n## Make DEO payments\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you do not pay the amount on a deduction from earnings order (DEO).\n\nYou can make\u00a0DEO\u00a0payments by using the Banks Automated Clearing System (BACS). The Child Maintenance Service can help you set it up.\n\n## Pay online\n\nYou can manage your Child Maintenance Service payments online.\n\nYou should send a single bulk BACS payment for all the employees you make a deduction from. You\u2019ll get a monthly schedule.\n\n## Pay by other methods\n\nYou can also pay by:\n\n- internet banking\n\n- telephone banking\n\n- cheque (made payable to \u2018The Child Maintenance Service\u2019)\n\n## Account details to use\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name | Account code | Transaction code |\n\n| 60 70 80 | 10026584 | DWP CMG Employers | 0 | 99 |\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give the employer reference number. It will be a 12 digit number starting with 5.\n\n## When to pay\n\nYou should send a payment to the Child Maintenance Service so it gets there no later than the 19th day of the month following the month that you took it.\n\nYou and your employee will be sent a letter every year to remind you how much must be paid and when.\n\n## Deductions for administrative costs\n\nYou can take up to \u00a31 towards administrative costs for each deduction, on top of the amount asked for on the DEO. You can take it even if it reduces your employee\u2019s income below the protected earnings proportion or protected earnings rate.\n\n## Inform your employee\n\nYou must inform your employee in writing about each deduction when they are given their pay statement. Include the amount (if any) you deduct towards your expenses.\n\nIf pay statements are not usually given, you should inform your employee in writing. You should do this no later than the employee\u2019s pay day after the deduction was made.\n\n## If you pay the wrong amount\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if you find a mistake in the amount you\u2019ve paid. You can either:\n\n- use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\n- call the employer payment team\n\n## Change of circumstances for DEOs\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if your employee\u2019s circumstances change.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- use the Child Maintenance Service online\n\n- call the employer helpline\n\nIf your business stops trading, or if your employee leaves your employment, you must tell the Child Maintenance Service within 10 days.\n\nYou should also tell them if your employee changes their hours.\n\nYou and your employee will be sent a revised deduction from earnings order (DEO).\n\n## If the Child Maintenance Service cancels a DEO\n\nThey will write to you and your employee to tell you the DEO has been cancelled. They will ask you to stop taking deductions from the date of the letter.\n\nYou must only stop taking deductions if you\u2019re told in writing.\n\n## If you do not help with DEOs or AEOs\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3250 or sent to prison for up to 14 days if you do not do what an attachment of earnings order (AEO) says you should do.\n\nIf you\u2019ve got a deduction from earnings order (DEO) it\u2019s an offence to:\n\n- not provide information when it\u2019s required\n\n- make a false statement or representation\n\n- knowingly provide false information\n\n- delay or obstruct an inspector on purpose\n\n- refuse or fail to answer any questions or supply any information or to produce any document when it\u2019s asked for\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service sometimes sends inspectors to interview \u2018paying parents\u2019 at work. You must let them interview your employee.\n\nThe \u2018paying parent\u2019 is the parent who does not have main day-to-day care of the child.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re found guilty of any of these offences.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-maintenance-for-employers", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own and operate a software services company based in Dundee, Scotland. I have received a DEO in respect of one of my employees; however, she is currently on Statutory Maternity Leave and receiving Statutory Maternity Pay.", + "original_question": "Does her Statutory Maternity Pay count as earnings for the purposes of the DEO?" + }, + { + "id": "train-774", + "question": "Scenario: I am the finance director of an electronic components firm, which currently employs over 100 people. Due to an oversight by my predecessor we had, until this year, neglected to claim for Employment Allowance, despite meeting the required threshold of Class 1 NI liability for most of the past 6 years.\n\nQuestion: Can we make a claim for the allowance against our previous years' NI liabilities?\n\nDocument - Employment Allowance:\n## What you'll get\n\nEmployment Allowance allows eligible employers to reduce their annual National Insurance liability by up to \u00a34,000.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay less employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance each time you run your payroll until the \u00a34,000 has gone or the tax year ends (whichever is sooner).\n\nYou can only claim against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability up to a maximum of \u00a34,000 each tax year. You can still claim the allowance if your liability was less than \u00a34,000 a year.\n\n## Check if you're eligible\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance if you\u2019re a business or charity (including community amateur sports clubs) and your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities were less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year.\n\nYou can also claim if you employ a care or support worker.\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year. Some of the rules for claiming are different.\n\n## If you\u2019re part of a group\n\nIf you\u2019re part of a group of charities or companies (also known as connected companies), the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for the group must be less than \u00a3100,000.\n\nOnly one company in the group can claim the allowance.\n\n## If you have more than one payroll\n\nIf you have or had more than one employer PAYE reference, the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for your combined payrolls must be less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year\n\nYou can only claim Employment Allowance against one of the payrolls.\n\n## Off-payroll salary payments\n\nDo not include employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities on payments you make to off-payroll workers in your calculations. These are known as deemed payments. They do not count towards the \u00a3100,000 threshold.\n\n## Check if de minimis state aid rules apply to you\n\nIf you make or sell goods or services, Employment Allowance counts as \u2018de minimis state aid\u2019. There\u2019s a limit to how much de minimis state aid you can get.\n\nYou must:\n\n- check that you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold\n\n- work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received\n\nYou must do this even if you do not make a profit.\n\nYou do not have to do this if you do not make or sell goods or services, for example you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.\n\n## Check you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold\n\nEmployment Allowance counts towards the total de minimis state aid you\u2019re allowed to get over a 3 year period.\n\nYou must make sure you will not exceed the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.\n\nDe minimis state aid and the relevant thresholds are worked out in euros.\n\n| Sector | De minimis state aid threshold over 3 years |\n\n| Agriculture products sector | \u20ac20,000 |\n\n| Fisheries and aquaculture sector | \u20ac30,000 |\n\n| Road freight transport sector | \u20ac100,000 |\n\n| Industrial sector\u202f\u202f/ other | \u20ac200,000 |\n\n## Work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received\n\n- Check if you\u2019ve received any de minimis state aid - if so, you should have been told in writing.\n\n- Add the total amount of de minimis state aid that you\u2019ve received or been allocated for the current and past 2 tax years.\n\n- Add this to the full amount of Employment Allowance for the year you\u2019re claiming for. You\u2019ll need to convert this into euros using the exchange rate for the end of the previous tax year. If you\u2019re claiming for 2020 to 2021, you\u2019ll need to use the exchange rate on 30 March 2020: \u00a31 to \u20ac1.1249.\n\n- If the total is below the threshold for your sector, you\u2019re eligible to make a claim.\n\nIf you\u2019re a connected company, the total de minimis state aid for all of the companies in the group must be below the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.\n\nThe rules are different if your business covers more than one sector.\n\n## Who cannot claim Employment Allowance\n\nYou cannot claim if you\u2019re a public body or business doing more than half your work in the public sector (such as local councils and NHS services) - unless you\u2019re a charity.\n\nYou also cannot claim if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a company with only one employee paid above the Class 1 National Insurance secondary threshold\n\n- the employee is also a director of the company\n\nCertain employees cannot be included in your claim, such as:\n\n- someone whose earnings are within IR35 \u2018off-payroll working rules\u2019\n\n- someone you employ for personal, household or domestic work (like a nanny or gardener) - unless they\u2019re a care or support worker\n\n## How to claim\n\nHow you claim depends on whether you use your own payroll software or HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE tools.\n\n## If you use your own software\n\nTo claim through your payroll software, put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field next time you send an Employment Payment Summary (EPS) to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nIf your payroll software does not have an Employment Payment Summary field, you can use Basic PAYE Tools.\n\n## Select your business sector under \u2018de minimis state aid rules\u2019\n\nYou must select the business sectors that apply to you, even if you do not make a profit.\n\nMost businesses will need to select the \u2018Industrial/other\u2019 category, for example a hair salon or restaurant.\n\nIf you do not make or sell goods or services, choose \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019. For example if you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.\n\n## If you use HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools\n\n- Select the correct name in the \u2018Employer\u2019 menu on the home page.\n\n- Select \u2018Change employer details\u2019.\n\n- Select \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field.\n\n- Answer \u2018Yes\u2019 to the \u2018Do state aid rules apply?\u2019 question if you sell goods or services. Select the business sectors that apply to you. Otherwise, answer \u2018No\u2019 and select \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019.\n\n- Send your EPS as normal.\n\n## Stopping your claim\n\nIf you stop being eligible, select \u2018No\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field in your next EPS.\n\nDo not select \u2018No\u2019 just because:\n\n- you\u2019ve reached the \u00a34,000 limit before the end of the tax year - this does not make you ineligible\n\n- you\u2019re no longer employing anyone - this allowance will stop at the end of the tax year\n\nIf you stop your claim before the end of the tax year (5 April), any allowance you\u2019ve been given that year will be removed. You\u2019ll have to pay any employers\u2019 (secondary) Class 1 National Insurance due as a result.\n\n## When to claim\n\nYou need to claim Employment Allowance every tax year.\n\nYou can claim at any time in the tax year, but the earlier you claim the sooner you will get the allowance.\n\nIf you claim late and do not use your Employment Allowance against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities, you\u2019ll have to ask HMRC to do one of the following:\n\n- use any unclaimed allowance at the end of the year to pay any tax or National Insurance you owe (including VAT and Corporation Tax if you do not owe anything on your PAYE bill)\n\n- give you a refund after the end of the tax year if you do not owe anything\n\nYou can see how much Employment Allowance you\u2019ve used in your HMRC online account.\n\n## Claiming for past years\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years, dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year.\n\nTo claim for past years, it does not matter how much your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability was or how much de minimis state aid you received.\n\nThe thresholds for employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance and de minimis state aid do not apply.\n\nEmployment allowance was \u00a33,000 each year between April 2016 and April 2020.\n\n## Further information\n\nRead \u2018Claiming Employment Allowance: further employer guidance\u2019 for more information.\n\n## After you've made a claim\n\nYou can begin using your Employment Allowance as soon you submit your claim.\n\nHMRC will not send you a confirmation letter for your Employment Allowance.\n\nIf your claim is rejected, you will receive an automated message from HMRC within 5 working days.\n\nYou may need to tell HMRC if last year\u2019s employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities included deemed payments, taking you over the \u00a3100,000 threshold.\n\n## When your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid\n\nIf you have selected a business sector in your claim, HMRC will send a letter stating that your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid.\n\nYou must keep this letter as you may need it if you apply for other de minimis state aid.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the finance director of an electronic components firm, which currently employs over 100 people. Due to an oversight by my predecessor we had, until this year, neglected to claim for Employment Allowance, despite meeting the required threshold of Class 1 NI liability for most of the past 6 years.", + "original_question": "Can we make a claim for the allowance against our previous years' NI liabilities?" + }, + { + "id": "train-775", + "question": "Scenario: I am a medical student currently studying at an English university and living nearby. The next year of my course will involve a placement in Germany for 3 months out of the 12.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim travel expenses for the overseas placement?\n\nDocument - Studying abroad: travel grants for students (England):\n## Overview\n\nYou may get a grant to cover some of your travel expenses if you normally live in England and:\n\n- you\u2019re studying abroad as part of your course, or on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement\n\n- you\u2019re a medical or dental student studying abroad or attending a clinical placement in the UK\n\nYou do not have to pay back a travel grant. There are rules on eligibility and how much you\u2019ll get.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re a student from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe amount you get depends on your total household income. This means your income, if you have one, combined with that of your parents or guardians, or spouse or partner if you live with them. Do not count income from other family members you live with.\n\nYou must pay the \ufb01rst \u00a3303 of your travel costs - and your travel grant will be reduced by \u00a31 for each \u00a38.73 of household income over \u00a339,796.\n\nKeep your travel costs as low as possible without being impractical.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- up to 3 return journeys between your home and the overseas institution during a full academic year abroad\n\n- help with essential expenses, medical insurance and travel visas\n\nYou may be able to apply for your children\u2019s travel costs if you\u2019re a single parent.\n\n## Medical or dental students doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nYou can apply for travel costs between your home and the hospital or facility where you\u2019re doing your placement.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour permanent home address must be in England.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\nYou must attend an overseas institution for at least half of each academic term. This period of study can be compulsory or optional.\n\nYou can also get a travel grant if you\u2019re on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement. Other work placements do not count.\n\n## If you\u2019re doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nThe placement must be an essential part of your medical or dental course. You will not get a travel grant if you\u2019re eligible for means-tested bursaries or awards from the Department of Health.\n\nYou can apply if you get student \ufb01nance that depends on your household income, for example a Maintenance Loan or Maintenance Grant.\n\n## How to apply\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\n- Apply for student finance for your study abroad using your student finance account. You can register and set up an account if you do not already have one.\n\n- You\u2019ll then receive a course abroad form.\n\n- Once you\u2019ve filled in and returned the form, you\u2019ll automatically receive a travel grant form if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nKeep all receipts for any expenses you want to apply for - you\u2019ll need to send copies when you apply.\n\nThe money will be paid direct into your bank account.\n\n## If you\u2019re doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nAfter applying for student finance for clinical study you\u2019ll automatically receive a travel grant form if you\u2019re eligible.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a medical student currently studying at an English university and living nearby. The next year of my course will involve a placement in Germany for 3 months out of the 12.", + "original_question": "Can I claim travel expenses for the overseas placement?" + }, + { + "id": "train-776", + "question": "Scenario: I am a computer science student studying for a degree at the University of London, England. My course is funded privately, and I do not currently receive payments through student finance. I have been offered an Erasmus work placement in France as part of my final year.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim support for my overseas trip through Student Finance, even though I don't currently have an account?\n\nDocument - Studying abroad: travel grants for students (England):\n## Overview\n\nYou may get a grant to cover some of your travel expenses if you normally live in England and:\n\n- you\u2019re studying abroad as part of your course, or on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement\n\n- you\u2019re a medical or dental student studying abroad or attending a clinical placement in the UK\n\nYou do not have to pay back a travel grant. There are rules on eligibility and how much you\u2019ll get.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re a student from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe amount you get depends on your total household income. This means your income, if you have one, combined with that of your parents or guardians, or spouse or partner if you live with them. Do not count income from other family members you live with.\n\nYou must pay the \ufb01rst \u00a3303 of your travel costs - and your travel grant will be reduced by \u00a31 for each \u00a38.73 of household income over \u00a339,796.\n\nKeep your travel costs as low as possible without being impractical.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- up to 3 return journeys between your home and the overseas institution during a full academic year abroad\n\n- help with essential expenses, medical insurance and travel visas\n\nYou may be able to apply for your children\u2019s travel costs if you\u2019re a single parent.\n\n## Medical or dental students doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nYou can apply for travel costs between your home and the hospital or facility where you\u2019re doing your placement.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour permanent home address must be in England.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\nYou must attend an overseas institution for at least half of each academic term. This period of study can be compulsory or optional.\n\nYou can also get a travel grant if you\u2019re on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement. Other work placements do not count.\n\n## If you\u2019re doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nThe placement must be an essential part of your medical or dental course. You will not get a travel grant if you\u2019re eligible for means-tested bursaries or awards from the Department of Health.\n\nYou can apply if you get student \ufb01nance that depends on your household income, for example a Maintenance Loan or Maintenance Grant.\n\n## How to apply\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\n- Apply for student finance for your study abroad using your student finance account. You can register and set up an account if you do not already have one.\n\n- You\u2019ll then receive a course abroad form.\n\n- Once you\u2019ve filled in and returned the form, you\u2019ll automatically receive a travel grant form if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nKeep all receipts for any expenses you want to apply for - you\u2019ll need to send copies when you apply.\n\nThe money will be paid direct into your bank account.\n\n## If you\u2019re doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nAfter applying for student finance for clinical study you\u2019ll automatically receive a travel grant form if you\u2019re eligible.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a computer science student studying for a degree at the University of London, England. My course is funded privately, and I do not currently receive payments through student finance. I have been offered an Erasmus work placement in France as part of my final year.", + "original_question": "Can I claim support for my overseas trip through Student Finance, even though I don't currently have an account?" + }, + { + "id": "train-778", + "question": "Scenario: I am 22, a citizen of France and have lived in the UK for a little over seven years, having \"settled status\". I now wish to begin a course of study leading to a first (BSc) degree, which will be taught full-time over four years at a UK University.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible for both a tuition fee loan and help with living costs?\n\nDocument - Student finance:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be able to borrow money to help pay for university or college tuition fees and to help with living costs.\n\nYou might get extra money on top of this, for example if you\u2019re on a low income, are disabled or have children.\n\nIf you\u2019re a continuing student or you\u2019ve already created an account, log in to your account.\n\n## Before you apply\n\nYou start repaying once you earn over a certain amount. The size of your monthly repayments will depend on how much you earn, not what you owe.\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest on the loan from the day you take it out. The terms and conditions can change.\n\nThe rules are different if your course started before September 2012.\n\nRead the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFind out how to apply for student finance.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 25 and have no contact with your parents, you might be able to apply as an \u2018estranged student\u2019.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re a student from Scotland, Wales, or Northern Ireland. Contact the education authority if you live in the Channel Islands (Jersey and Guernsey) or Isle of Man.\n\nYou can give someone permission to act on your behalf (for example using Power of Attorney) if you want them to apply for you.\n\n## New full-time students\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and Maintenance Loan if your course starts on or after 1 August 2016.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\nIf you\u2019re studying an accelerated degree course, you could get up to \u00a311,100.\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nYou may have to give details of your household income.\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Living at home | Up to 7,747 | Up to \u00a37,987 |\n\n| Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a39,203 | Up to \u00a39,488 |\n\n| Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a312,010 | Up to \u00a312,382 |\n\n| You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a310,539 | Up to \u00a310,866 |\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance. You might need evidence of any changes.\n\nIf you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course you can apply for up to \u00a34,014.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to estimate your Maintenance Loan.\n\n## Applying during coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nRead the guidance for students during coronavirus for more information about:\n\n- changes in your household income\n\n- self-isolation stopping you from posting evidence\n\n- contacting the Student Loans Company\n\n## Coronavirus and maintenance loans\n\nYou do not need to tell SLC if your course has moved online, as long as your living arrangements stay the same. If they have changed, you must update your address in your online account.\n\n## Extra help with travel costs\n\nYou might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home. If you\u2019re a medical or dental student you might also qualify for help with the costs of attending clinical placements in the UK.\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n## Continuing full-time students\n\nWhat you\u2019re eligible for depends on when your course starts.\n\nYou may also be able to get extra help.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2016\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and a Maintenance Loan if your course starts on or after 1 August 2016.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nYou may have to give details of your household income.\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Living at home | Up to 7,747 | Up to \u00a37,987 |\n\n| Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a39,203 | Up to \u00a39,488 |\n\n| Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a312,010 | Up to \u00a312,382 |\n\n| You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a310,539 | Up to \u00a310,866 |\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements, including if you\u2019re no longer studying abroad in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance.\n\nIf you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course you can apply for up to \u00a34,014.\n\nIn your final year, you\u2019ll receive less money than you did in previous years.\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2016\n\nYou can apply for grants and loans if your course started before 1 August 2016.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nStudents aged 60 and over cannot apply. You may have to give details of your household income.\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account at the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements, including if you\u2019re no longer studying abroad in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Living at home | Up to \u00a35,247 | Up to \u00a35,410 |\n\n| Living away from home, outside London | Up to \u00a36,597 | Up to \u00a36,802 |\n\n| Living away from home, in London | Up to \u00a39,205 | Up to \u00a39,490 |\n\n| You spend a year of a UK course studying abroad | Up to \u00a37,838 | Up to \u00a38,081 |\n\nIn your final year, you\u2019ll receive less money than you did in previous years.\n\n## Maintenance Grant for living costs\n\nYou have to give details of your household income and your course start date.\n\nThe grant is paid into your bank account at the start of each term. You do not have to pay it back, but any funds you get will reduce the Maintenance Loan you can get.\n\n## Special Support Grant\n\nYou may get a Special Support Grant instead of a Maintenance Grant if you get or qualify for:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- the housing element of Universal Credit\n\nThe amount you get is the same as the Maintenance Grant, but it will not reduce the Maintenance Loan you can get.\n\nYou may get the Special Support Grant if, for example, you\u2019re a lone parent or have certain disabilities.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you can get the grant when you apply for student finance.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Help with the costs of studying abroad\n\nYou might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home. If you\u2019re a medical or dental student you might also qualify for help with the costs of attending clinical placements in the UK.\n\n## Help during coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nRead the guidance for students during coronavirus for more information, including if:\n\n- your university or college is shut\n\n- your household income changes\n\n- you\u2019ll need to repeat or extend your studies\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n## Part-time students\n\nYou may be able to get a loan if your part-time course has a \u2018course intensity\u2019 of 25% or more.\n\n\u2018Course intensity\u2019 measures how much of your course you complete each year compared to an equivalent full-time course.\n\nYou can work this out by comparing your module credits with the number of module credits a full-time student will study. You\u2019ll be asked how many credits you\u2019ll study when you apply for the loan.\n\nCheck with your university or college if you\u2019re not sure.\n\nWhat you can apply for depends on when your course starts.\n\nYou must report any changes to your living arrangements in your online account, so you get the correct amount of student finance. You might need evidence of any changes.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan and a Maintenance Loan.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\nYou can get up to \u00a36,935 in an academic year.\n\n## Maintenance Loan for living costs\n\nHow much you can get depends on:\n\n- where you live while studying\n\n- your household income\n\n- your course intensity\n\nThe loan is paid directly into your bank account 2 weeks after the start of each term. You have to pay the loan back.\n\nYou can only apply for a Maintenance Loan as a Distance Learning student if you cannot attend your course in person because of a disability.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to estimate your Maintenance Loan.\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible for a Maintenance Loan if you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2018\n\nYou can apply for a Tuition Fee Loan.\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\nYou can get up to \u00a36,935 in an academic year.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## EU students\n\nYou may be able to get a Tuition Fee Loan and help with living costs if you\u2019re from an EU country, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to see what finance you can get.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loan\n\nYour university or college sets your tuition fee, and the loan is paid directly to them. You have to pay it back.\n\n| | 2020 to 2021 academic year | 2021 to 2022 academic year |\n\n| Full-time student | Up to \u00a39,250 | Up to \u00a39,250 |\n\n| Full-time student at a private university or college | Up to \u00a36,165 | Up to \u00a36,165 |\n\n| Part-time student | Up to \u00a36,935 | Up to \u00a36,935 |\n\n| Part-time student at a private university or college | Up to \u00a34,625 | Up to \u00a34,625 |\n\nUse the student finance calculator to estimate your Tuition Fee Loan.\n\n## Help with living costs\n\nYou may be eligible for help with your living costs if both the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in the UK for more than 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course\n\n- you have settled status\n\nAcademic years start on 1 September, 1 January, 1 April or 1 July. Ask someone who runs your course if you do not know which one applies.\n\n## Student Finance from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re\u00a0starting a course\u00a0on\u00a0or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nIf you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study here.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Further information\n\n## 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n## Extra help\n\nCheck on the student finance calculator to see what extra help you might be able to get.\n\n## Students on a low income\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\n## Students with children or dependent adults\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- Childcare Grant - full-time students only\n\n- Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance - full-time students only\n\n- Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant - full-time students only\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\n## Disabled students\n\nIf you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (such as dyslexia) you can apply for:\n\n- Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\nYou may also qualify for disability related benefits.\n\n## Medical, social work and teacher training students\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- NHS bursaries if you\u2019re studying certain medical, dentistry or healthcare courses\n\n- help with costs of travel to UK clinical placements if you\u2019re studying a medical, dentistry or healthcare course\n\n- social work bursaries if you\u2019re a social work student\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re a teacher training student\n\n## Students studying abroad\n\nYou might get a grant to cover some travel expenses if you normally live in England but study away from home.\n\n## Help from your university or college\n\nMany universities and colleges offer extra money directly to students.\n\n## Funding from charitable trusts\n\nUse the Turn2us grant search to check whether you qualify for funding from a charitable trust.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify for student finance depends on:\n\n- your university or college\n\n- your course\n\n- if you\u2019ve studied a higher education course before\n\n- your age\n\n- your nationality or residency status\n\n## Your university or college\n\nThis should be a university, college or other institution that offers a qualifying course.\n\n## Your course\n\nCheck with the university or college that your course is recognised.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying full-time\n\nYou may be eligible for student finance if your course is in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- a Foundation Degree\n\n- a Certificate of Higher Education\n\n- a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)\n\n- a Higher National Certificate (HNC)\n\n- a Higher National Diploma (HND)\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training course\n\n- an integrated master\u2019s degree\n\n- a pre-registration postgraduate healthcare course\n\nCheck on the student finance calculator to find out which loans and grants you could be eligible for.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying part-time\n\nYour course needs a \u2018course intensity\u2019 of 25% or more for you to be eligible for student finance.\n\nYou\u2019ll be eligible for a Tuition Fee Loan if your course is in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- a Foundation Degree\n\n- a Certificate of Higher Education\n\n- a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE)\n\n- a Higher National Certificate (HNC)\n\n- a Higher National Diploma (HND)\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training course\n\n- an integrated master\u2019s degree\n\nYou\u2019ll be eligible for a Maintenance Loan if your course is in the UK and one of the following:\n\n- a first degree, for example BA, BSc or BEd\n\n- an Initial Teacher Training course (if it\u2019s degree level or above)\n\n- an integrated master\u2019s degree\n\n- a Foundation Degree in dental hygiene and dental therapy\n\n- a DipHE in dental hygiene and dental therapy or operating department practice\n\n## If you\u2019ve studied before\n\nYou\u2019ll usually only get student finance if you\u2019re doing your first higher education qualification - even if your previous course was self-funded. You may still be eligible for limited funding in certain circumstances and for some courses.\n\n## If you changed course, stopped your studies or are repeating a year\n\nIf you stopped your course within the first year, you\u2019ll get funding for the same course or a new course when you go back.\n\nYou might also get funding if you:\n\n- suspended your course or withdrew before it finished - and you\u2019re going back to study any course\n\n- are repeating a year of your course at the same university, college, or institution.\n\nIf you stopped your studies for a personal reason (for example, you were ill or pregnant) you might get funding for all of your course - you should apply online with supporting evidence.\n\nYou can calculate the amount you will get by taking the total number of years of the course you are applying for and adding one year. Then take away the number of years you studied for. If you studied for part of a year you should count it as a whole year.\n\n## If you already have a degree\n\nYou may be eligible for limited funding in certain circumstances.\n\nYou may get limited funding if you\u2019re \u2018topping up\u2019 a higher education qualification, for example you\u2019ve finished an HNC, HND or Foundation Degree and now want to do an Honours degree.\n\nYou may also get limited funding if you hold an Honours degree or a higher level of qualification and start a new course. This could be a part-time Honours degree, a joint Honours degree or an Integrated Master\u2019s degree in one of the following (or 2 if it\u2019s a joint Honours degree):\n\n- agriculture and related subjects\n\n- architecture (if it\u2019s a MArch RIBA Part 2 course)\n\n- biological sciences\n\n- computer science\n\n- mathematical sciences\n\n- medicine and allied subjects\n\n- physical sciences\n\n- technologies\n\n- courses leading to qualification as a veterinary surgeon\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re starting a healthcare course on or after 1 August 2017.\n\n## Your age\n\nThere\u2019s no upper age limit for Tuition Fee Loans or grants.\n\n## If you\u2019re 60 or over\n\nYou may get limited funding for Maintenance Loans if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re 60 or over on the first day of the first academic year of your \ncourse\n\n- you\u2019re studying full-time\n\n- your course started on or after 1 August 2016\n\nThe amount you can apply for depends on your household income.\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nYou may be able to get help with:\n\n- your tuition fees and living costs (full support)\n\n- your tuition fees\n\nThe type of help you can get depends on your nationality and residency status.\n\n## When you\u2019re eligible for full support\n\nYou can apply for full support if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a UK or Irish citizen or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- you normally live in England\n\n- you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday\n\nYou may be eligible for full support if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who:\n\n- returned to the UK by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years\n\nYou may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:\n\n- refugee (including family members)\n\n- humanitarian protection (including family members)\n\n- migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein (including family members) with settled or pre-settled status\n\n- child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- a stateless person (including family members)\n\n- an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment\n\n- a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain\n\n- a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ve been given settled status (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:\n\n- under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years\n\n- 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\nYou must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.\n\n## When you can apply for help with your tuition fees\n\nYou can apply for tuition fee funding if you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland for the past 3 years and you have one of the following:\n\n- pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re an EU national or the family member of an EU national\n\n- pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme and you\u2019re the family member of an Irish citizen or person of Northern Ireland\n\n- Irish citizenship\n\n- Gibraltarian status as an EU national\n\n- been living in Gibraltar as a UK national\n\nIf you\u2019re an Irish citizen, you\u2019re still eligible to apply if you\u2019ve lived in the UK and Ireland in the 3 years before your course.\n\nUse the student finance calculator to see what finance you can get.\n\n## Apply\n\nApply for student finance or find out how to apply.\n\n## Apply\n\nFind out how to apply for student finance.\n\n## Parents or partners of students\n\nConfirm your income if you\u2019re the student\u2019s parent or partner.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 22, a citizen of France and have lived in the UK for a little over seven years, having \"settled status\". I now wish to begin a course of study leading to a first (BSc) degree, which will be taught full-time over four years at a UK University.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible for both a tuition fee loan and help with living costs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-779", + "question": "Scenario: I am an employee at a catering services firm in Birmingham, and have lodged a grievance with my employer with the help of my trade union representative. We have been verbally assured by the company's HR manager that they \"follow the Acas Code of Practice\".\n\nQuestion: Is the company in fact obliged to follow the Acas Code of Practice?\n\nDocument - Handling an employee's grievance:\n## Overview\n\nIf your employee has a concern or problem that they haven\u2019t been able to resolve informally, they may make a formal grievance complaint to you.\n\nBusinesses must have a written grievance procedure in place and share it with all employees. It must say how the process works and how long it takes.\n\nAfter a hearing of the evidence, you should let the employee know your decision in writing. If they aren\u2019t happy with the decision, they can appeal.\n\n## Grievance procedure\n\nBy law employers must set out a grievance procedure and share it in writing with all employees, eg in their statement of employment or staff handbook. It must include:\n\n- who the employee should contact about a grievance\n\n- how to contact this person\n\nIt should also:\n\n- say that if the problem can\u2019t be resolved informally, there will be a meeting with the employee, called a grievance hearing\n\n- set out time limits for each stage of the process\n\n- identify who to contact if the normal contact person is involved in the grievance\n\n- explain how to appeal a grievance decision\n\n- state that employees can be accompanied in any meetings by a colleague or union representative\n\n- outline what happens if a grievance is raised during disciplinary action\n\nYou don\u2019t have to include information about the grievance procedure in employment contracts. However, if you do, you must follow the procedure, or the employee could bring a breach of contract claim against you.\n\n## Acas Code of Practice\n\nThe Acas Code of Practice isn\u2019t legally binding. However, an employment tribunal can reduce or increase any money awarded in a case by up to 25% if the code hasn\u2019t been followed.\n\n## The grievance hearing\n\n## Preparing for the hearing\n\nBefore holding a hearing, employers should:\n\n- give the employee notice so that they can prepare their case\n\n- carry out a full investigation if necessary and take statements from any witnesses who cannot attend\n\n- make it clear that the employee can bring a colleague or union representative if they want to\n\n- arrange for another manager to attend to make sure that the hearing is conducted properly\n\n- arrange for someone to take notes\n\n## Delays\n\nIf the employee cannot attend the hearing (eg because they are ill), offer them a reasonable alternative date and time.\n\nThe employee can also suggest a different time for the hearing if the person accompanying them cannot attend. They must do this within 5 working days after you proposed the original meeting time.\n\nYou can make your decision without having a hearing if:\n\n- you have already rearranged the meeting, but the employee fails to attend\n\n- the employee is on long-term sick leave and unable to go to meetings in the near future (they can supply written information instead if they want to)\n\n## Employers' decisions and appeals\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou should give the employee a copy of the meeting records. You may be able to leave out some information in certain circumstances (eg to protect a witness).\n\nAfter you have decided the action to take, write to the parties involved, setting out:\n\n- your decision and the reasons behind it\n\n- the appeals process and deadline\n\nIf there are any delays during the appeal process, it\u2019s important that you tell the employee as soon as possible.\n\n## Appeals\n\nIf the employee appeals, there should be another hearing to re-examine the decision. The process is the same as the original hearing but you should also look at:\n\n- the reasoning behind the appeal\n\n- any new evidence\n\nIf possible, the appeal should not be heard by the same person who held the original hearing.\n\nAfter the appeal hearing, you should set out your decision in writing and state that this is the final outcome.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/handling-employee-grievance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an employee at a catering services firm in Birmingham, and have lodged a grievance with my employer with the help of my trade union representative. We have been verbally assured by the company's HR manager that they \"follow the Acas Code of Practice\".", + "original_question": "Is the company in fact obliged to follow the Acas Code of Practice?" + }, + { + "id": "train-782", + "question": "Scenario: I am 55 and work as a delivery driver for a shipping company, where I am paid a fixed rate per delivery and am expected to be available at short notice. My employer claims that the \"mobile\" nature of the work means that I am not entitled to the three standard types of rest break.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim the 3 general types of rest break?\n\nDocument - Rest breaks at work:\n## Overview\n\nWorkers over 18 are usually entitled to 3 types of break - rest breaks at work, daily rest and weekly rest.\n\n## Rest breaks at work\n\nWorkers have the right to one uninterrupted 20 minute rest break during their working day, if they work more than 6 hours a day. This could be a tea or lunch break.\n\nThe break doesn\u2019t have to be paid - it depends on their employment contract.\n\n## Daily rest\n\nWorkers have the right to 11 hours rest between working days, eg if they finish work at 8pm, they shouldn\u2019t start work again until 7am the next day.\n\n## Weekly rest\n\nWorkers have the right to either:\n\n- an uninterrupted 24 hours without any work each week\n\n- an uninterrupted 48 hours without any work each fortnight\n\nA worker\u2019s employment contract may say they\u2019re entitled to more or different rights to breaks from work.\n\n## Work that puts health and safety at risk\n\nAn employer should give an employee enough breaks to make sure their health and safety isn\u2019t at risk if that work is \u2018monotonous\u2019 (eg work on a production line).\n\nDomestic workers in a private house (eg a cleaner or au pair) aren\u2019t entitled to rest breaks for health and safety reasons.\n\n## Taking breaks\n\nEmployers can say when employees take rest breaks during work time as long as:\n\n- the break is taken in one go somewhere in the middle of the day (not at the beginning or end)\n\n- workers are allowed to spend it away from their desk or workstation (ie away from where they actually work)\n\nIt doesn\u2019t count as a rest break if an employer says an employee should go back to work before their break is finished.\n\nUnless a worker\u2019s employment contract says so, they don\u2019t have the right to:\n\n- take smoking breaks\n\n- get paid for rest breaks\n\n## Exceptions and special circumstances\n\nThere are exemptions to the rights to rest breaks.\n\nSome workers are entitled to compensatory rest breaks, eg shift workers.\n\nYoung people and lorry and coach drivers have different rights to rest breaks.\n\n## Compensatory rest\n\nWorkers may be entitled to \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 if they don\u2019t have the right to specific rest breaks. Compensatory rest breaks are the same length of time as the break (or part of it) that they\u2019ve missed.\n\nA worker may be entitled to compensatory rest if:\n\n- they\u2019re a shift worker and can\u2019t take daily or weekly rest breaks between ending one shift and starting another\n\n- their workplace is a long way from their home (eg an oil rig)\n\n- they work in different places which are a reasonable distance from each other\n\n- they\u2019re doing security and surveillance-based work\n\n- they\u2019re working in an industry which is very busy at certain times of the year \u2013 like agriculture, retail, postal services or tourism\n\n- they need to work because there\u2019s an exceptional event, an accident or a risk that an accident is about to happen\n\n- the job needs round-the-clock staffing so there aren\u2019t interruptions to any services or production (eg hospital work)\n\n- they work in the rail industry on board trains or their job is linked to making sure trains run on time\n\n- their working day is split up (eg they\u2019re a cleaner and work for part of the morning and the evening)\n\n- there is an agreement between management, trade unions or the workforce (a \u2018collective\u2019 or \u2018workforce\u2019 agreement) that has changed or removed rights to these rest breaks for a group of workers\n\nThe total rest entitlement for a week is 90 hours a week on average - this doesn\u2019t include breaks at work, which are additional.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nWorkers aren\u2019t entitled to the 3 general types of rest break if they work in:\n\n- the armed forces, emergency services or police and they\u2019re dealing with an exceptional catastrophe or disaster\n\n- a job where they freely choose what hours they work (like a managing director) or where the work is not measured (ie no set hours)\n\n- sea transport\n\n- air or road transport (known as \u2018mobile\u2019 workers)\n\nAir, sea or road transport workers may be covered by special rules that give them different rest rights.\n\nMobile workers not covered by any special rules usually have the right to regular rest so that their health and safety (or anyone else\u2019s) isn\u2019t put at risk.\n\nThere are also special rules for young workers and for lorry and coach drivers.\n\n## Young workers\n\nYoung workers (above school leaving age and under 18) are usually entitled to:\n\n- a 30 minute rest break if they work more than 4.5 hours (if possible this should be one continuous break)\n\n- daily rest of 12 hours\n\n- weekly rest of 48 hours\n\n## Exceptions for young workers\n\nYoung workers sometimes aren\u2019t entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work if their work has to be done because of an exceptional event (eg an accident). This is only where:\n\n- there isn\u2019t a worker over 18 who can do the work\n\n- the work is temporary and must be done immediately\n\n## Compensatory rest for young workers\n\nYoung workers have the right to compensatory rest if they\u2019re not entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work. This is the same amount of rest that they should have had. It can be taken just after any rest they\u2019ve missed but it must be taken within the following 3 weeks.\n\n## Disputes\n\nWorkers who can\u2019t take or aren\u2019t allowed rest breaks should speak to their manager informally.\n\nGet more information for employees who want to raise a grievance or advice for employers on handling grievances if there is a disagreement about rest breaks.\n\nWorkers can also get advice on rest breaks from the Acas helpline.\n\nIf a worker can\u2019t solve a problem, they may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 55 and work as a delivery driver for a shipping company, where I am paid a fixed rate per delivery and am expected to be available at short notice. My employer claims that the \"mobile\" nature of the work means that I am not entitled to the three standard types of rest break.", + "original_question": "Can I claim the 3 general types of rest break?" + }, + { + "id": "train-783", + "question": "Scenario: I own and manage a very small biotechnology startup company, which currently has only four employees. Owing to our small size I run our monthly payroll myself, and file the necessary reports with HMRC.\n\nQuestion: As we are so small, is it possible to make reports and payments at wider intervals than monthly?\n\nDocument - PAYE and payroll for employers:\n## Introduction to PAYE\n\nAs an employer, you normally have to operate PAYE as part of your payroll. PAYE is HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) system to collect Income Tax and National Insurance from employment.\n\nYou do not need to register for PAYE if none of your employees are paid \u00a3120 or more a week, get expenses and benefits, have another job or get a pension. However, you must keep payroll records.\n\n## Payments and deductions\n\nWhen paying your employees through payroll you also need to make deductions for PAYE.\n\n## Payments to your employees\n\nPayments to your employees include their salary or wages, as well as things like any tips or bonuses, or statutory sick or maternity pay.\n\n## Deductions from their pay\n\nFrom these payments, you\u2019ll need to deduct tax and National Insurance for most employees. Other deductions you may need to make include student loan repayments or pension contributions.\n\n## Reporting to and paying HMRC\n\n## Reporting pay and deductions\n\nIf you run payroll yourself, you\u2019ll need to report your employees\u2019 payments and deductions to HMRC on or before each payday.\n\nYour payroll software will work out how much tax and National Insurance you owe, including an employer\u2019s National Insurance contribution on each employee\u2019s earnings above \u00a3170 a week.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send another report to claim any reduction on what you owe HMRC, for example for statutory pay.\n\n## Paying HMRC\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to view what you owe HMRC, based on your reports. You then have to pay HMRC, usually every month.\n\nIf you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.\n\n## Other things to report\n\nAs part of your regular reports, you should tell HMRC when a new employee joins and if an employee\u2019s circumstances change, for example they reach State Pension age or become a director.\n\nYou have to run annual reports at the end of the tax year - including telling HMRC about any expenses or benefits.\n\n## Choose how to run payroll\n\nIf you have to operate PAYE, you can choose how to run your payroll.\n\n## Choose how to run payroll\n\nYou can operate PAYE by either:\n\n- paying a payroll provider to do it for you\n\n- doing it yourself using payroll software\n\n## Paying a payroll provider\n\nIf you decide to pay a payroll provider (for example, a bureau or accountant) to run your payroll, you\u2019ll need to consider how much support you\u2019ll need.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for collecting and keeping records of your employee\u2019s details. Your payroll provider will need these to run payroll for you.\n\nSome payroll providers can offer you more support if you need it, for example keeping employee records, providing payslips and making payments to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nAs an employer, you\u2019re legally responsible for completing all PAYE tasks - even if you pay someone else to do them.\n\n## Running payroll yourself\n\nYou need to complete certain tasks to set up payroll and pay your employees for the first time. This includes registering as an employer with HMRC and telling them about your employees.\n\n## Exemptions to online reporting\n\nYou may be exempt from reporting payroll online if:\n\n- you\u2019re prevented from using a computer on religious grounds\n\n- you\u2019re getting care or support services for yourself or a member of your family\n\n- you\u2019re unable to send reports electronically because you\u2019re disabled, elderly or cannot access the internet\n\nHMRC has guidance if you believe you\u2019re exempt and would prefer to report on paper.\n\n## Setting up payroll\n\nIf you decide to run payroll yourself, you need to complete certain tasks to pay your employees for the first time. You can choose when and how often to pay your employees.\n\n- Register as an employer with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and get a login for PAYE Online.\n\n- Choose payroll software to record employee\u2019s details, calculate pay and deductions, and report to HMRC.\n\n- Collect and keep records.\n\n- Tell HMRC about your employees.\n\n- Record pay, make deductions and report to HMRC on or before the first payday.\n\n- Pay HMRC the tax and National Insurance you owe.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to complete certain annual reports and tasks to prepare for the next tax year, which starts on 6 April.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou must collect and keep records of:\n\n- what you pay your employees and the deductions you make\n\n- reports you make to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- payments you make to HMRC\n\n- employee leave and sickness absences\n\n- tax code notices\n\n- taxable expenses or benefits\n\n- Payroll Giving Scheme documents, including the agency contract and employee authorisation forms\n\nYour records must show you\u2019ve reported accurately, and you need to keep them for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to. HMRC may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\nThere are different rules for keeping records to prove you have paid the correct minimum wage.\n\nIf you do not keep full records, HMRC may estimate what you have to pay and charge you a penalty of up to \u00a33,000.\n\n## If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed\n\nTell HMRC as soon as possible if you do not have records and cannot replace them. You must also do your best to recreate them - HMRC may be able to help if you\u2019re not sure how much you paid your employees.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if your final payroll report of the tax year includes figures that are:\n\n- estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final\n\n- provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with actual figures\n\n## Data protection\n\nYou must follow rules on data protection if your business stores or uses personal information.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own and manage a very small biotechnology startup company, which currently has only four employees. Owing to our small size I run our monthly payroll myself, and file the necessary reports with HMRC.", + "original_question": "As we are so small, is it possible to make reports and payments at wider intervals than monthly?" + }, + { + "id": "train-784", + "question": "Scenario: I am a newly-qualified accountant who has just started work at a small startup company. This has been in existence for just over 2 years and appears (so far) to have kept correct records of its employee payments and dealings with HMRC through the PAYE system.\n\nQuestion: Is there a list of records which HMRC requires to be kept, and for how long they need to be kept?\n\nDocument - PAYE and payroll for employers:\n## Introduction to PAYE\n\nAs an employer, you normally have to operate PAYE as part of your payroll. PAYE is HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) system to collect Income Tax and National Insurance from employment.\n\nYou do not need to register for PAYE if none of your employees are paid \u00a3120 or more a week, get expenses and benefits, have another job or get a pension. However, you must keep payroll records.\n\n## Payments and deductions\n\nWhen paying your employees through payroll you also need to make deductions for PAYE.\n\n## Payments to your employees\n\nPayments to your employees include their salary or wages, as well as things like any tips or bonuses, or statutory sick or maternity pay.\n\n## Deductions from their pay\n\nFrom these payments, you\u2019ll need to deduct tax and National Insurance for most employees. Other deductions you may need to make include student loan repayments or pension contributions.\n\n## Reporting to and paying HMRC\n\n## Reporting pay and deductions\n\nIf you run payroll yourself, you\u2019ll need to report your employees\u2019 payments and deductions to HMRC on or before each payday.\n\nYour payroll software will work out how much tax and National Insurance you owe, including an employer\u2019s National Insurance contribution on each employee\u2019s earnings above \u00a3170 a week.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send another report to claim any reduction on what you owe HMRC, for example for statutory pay.\n\n## Paying HMRC\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to view what you owe HMRC, based on your reports. You then have to pay HMRC, usually every month.\n\nIf you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.\n\n## Other things to report\n\nAs part of your regular reports, you should tell HMRC when a new employee joins and if an employee\u2019s circumstances change, for example they reach State Pension age or become a director.\n\nYou have to run annual reports at the end of the tax year - including telling HMRC about any expenses or benefits.\n\n## Choose how to run payroll\n\nIf you have to operate PAYE, you can choose how to run your payroll.\n\n## Choose how to run payroll\n\nYou can operate PAYE by either:\n\n- paying a payroll provider to do it for you\n\n- doing it yourself using payroll software\n\n## Paying a payroll provider\n\nIf you decide to pay a payroll provider (for example, a bureau or accountant) to run your payroll, you\u2019ll need to consider how much support you\u2019ll need.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for collecting and keeping records of your employee\u2019s details. Your payroll provider will need these to run payroll for you.\n\nSome payroll providers can offer you more support if you need it, for example keeping employee records, providing payslips and making payments to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nAs an employer, you\u2019re legally responsible for completing all PAYE tasks - even if you pay someone else to do them.\n\n## Running payroll yourself\n\nYou need to complete certain tasks to set up payroll and pay your employees for the first time. This includes registering as an employer with HMRC and telling them about your employees.\n\n## Exemptions to online reporting\n\nYou may be exempt from reporting payroll online if:\n\n- you\u2019re prevented from using a computer on religious grounds\n\n- you\u2019re getting care or support services for yourself or a member of your family\n\n- you\u2019re unable to send reports electronically because you\u2019re disabled, elderly or cannot access the internet\n\nHMRC has guidance if you believe you\u2019re exempt and would prefer to report on paper.\n\n## Setting up payroll\n\nIf you decide to run payroll yourself, you need to complete certain tasks to pay your employees for the first time. You can choose when and how often to pay your employees.\n\n- Register as an employer with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and get a login for PAYE Online.\n\n- Choose payroll software to record employee\u2019s details, calculate pay and deductions, and report to HMRC.\n\n- Collect and keep records.\n\n- Tell HMRC about your employees.\n\n- Record pay, make deductions and report to HMRC on or before the first payday.\n\n- Pay HMRC the tax and National Insurance you owe.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to complete certain annual reports and tasks to prepare for the next tax year, which starts on 6 April.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou must collect and keep records of:\n\n- what you pay your employees and the deductions you make\n\n- reports you make to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- payments you make to HMRC\n\n- employee leave and sickness absences\n\n- tax code notices\n\n- taxable expenses or benefits\n\n- Payroll Giving Scheme documents, including the agency contract and employee authorisation forms\n\nYour records must show you\u2019ve reported accurately, and you need to keep them for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to. HMRC may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\nThere are different rules for keeping records to prove you have paid the correct minimum wage.\n\nIf you do not keep full records, HMRC may estimate what you have to pay and charge you a penalty of up to \u00a33,000.\n\n## If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed\n\nTell HMRC as soon as possible if you do not have records and cannot replace them. You must also do your best to recreate them - HMRC may be able to help if you\u2019re not sure how much you paid your employees.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if your final payroll report of the tax year includes figures that are:\n\n- estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final\n\n- provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with actual figures\n\n## Data protection\n\nYou must follow rules on data protection if your business stores or uses personal information.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a newly-qualified accountant who has just started work at a small startup company. This has been in existence for just over 2 years and appears (so far) to have kept correct records of its employee payments and dealings with HMRC through the PAYE system.", + "original_question": "Is there a list of records which HMRC requires to be kept, and for how long they need to be kept?" + }, + { + "id": "train-787", + "question": "Scenario: I am a first-year undergraduate study for a degree in medicine, on a course funded by the NHS. I have been resident in the UK for the whole of my 18 years.\n\nQuestion: Is my household income independent to determining how large an NHS Bursary I can get?\n\nDocument - NHS bursaries:\n## Overview\n\nWhat you can apply for depends on when your course starts and what you\u2019re studying. You do not have to pay your NHS bursary back.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for a bursary you may still be eligible for student finance.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor or dentist.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying a pre-registration postgraduate healthcare course, you may still be eligible for student finance.\n\n## If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor, dentist, dental hygienist or dental therapist.\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2017\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying a dental, medical or healthcare course in England.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:\n\n- a bursary from the NHS\n\n- a \u00a31,000 grant from the NHS\n\n- a reduced Maintenance Loan from Student Finance England\n\nIf you\u2019re an eligible part-time student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:\n\n- a reduced bursary from the NHS\n\n- a reduced grant from the NHS\n\nThe amount you get depends on the length of your course.\n\n## Tuition fees\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for an NHS bursary, the NHS pays your standard tuition fees. Your course tuition fees are paid directly to your university.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying a graduate-entry accelerated medical or dental programme, you can get some of your tuition costs paid with an NHS bursary in years 2 to 4 of your programme.\n\n- \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n- \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2018 to 2019 academic year\n\n## Bursary\n\nYour bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.\n\nIf you started a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE) Nursing or Operating Department Practitioner course before 1 September 2012, you\u2019ll receive a basic bursary which does not depend on your household income.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying to become a doctor or dentist, you can apply for an NHS bursary from your second year for graduate entry programmes or from your fifth year for undergraduate programmes.\n\n## Grant\n\nYou\u2019ll get a fixed amount of \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting your course on or after 1 September 2012. You\u2019ll get a reduced amount if you\u2019re a part-time student.\n\nYou must apply for an NHS bursary to get the grant.\n\n## Maintenance Loan\n\nYou\u2019ll get a reduced Maintenance Loan. The amount you get depends on:\n\n- where you live and study\n\n- whether you\u2019re in the final year of your course (when you get less)\n\nCurrent rates for the 2018 to 2019 academic year are:\n\n- \u00a33,263 for students studying in London and living away from home\n\n- \u00a32,324 for students studying outside London and away from home\n\n- \u00a31,744 for students living at home\n\nCurrent rates for the 2019 to 2020 academic year are:\n\n- \u00a33,354 for students studying in London and living away from home\n\n- \u00a32,389 for students studying outside London and away from home\n\n- \u00a31,793 for students living at home\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nThe NHS bursary is paid into your bank account in 12 equal monthly instalments.\n\nThe Maintenance Loan is usually paid into your bank account at the beginning of each term.\n\n## If you\u2019re disabled or have children\n\nYou may get extra help if you:\n\n- have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty\n\n- have dependants\n\nFind out what extra help you could get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you can get an NHS bursary depends on:\n\n- where you live\n\n- your course\n\n- your household income\n\n- whether you\u2019ve already had funding\n\n## Where you live\n\nTo be eligible to apply for an NHS bursary you must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 years up to the start of the academic year.\n\nYou may still be eligible if you do not meet the residency requirements - find out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\n## Your course\n\nWhether you\u2019re eligible depends on when your course starts.\n\nYou will not get an NHS bursary if you\u2019re a first level nurse or midwife and you\u2019re registering for a second field in nursing or midwifery.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a doctor or dentist.\n\nYou can apply for an NHS bursary from your 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course.\n\n## If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:\n\n- doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)\n\n- dental hygienist or dental therapist\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2017\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:\n\n- doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)\n\n- chiropodist (including podiatrist), dietician, occupational therapist, orthoptist, physiotherapist, prosthetist, orthotist, radiographer, radiotherapist, audiologist or a speech and language therapist\n\n- dental hygienist or dental therapist\n\n- nurse, midwife or operating department practitioner (degree or diploma course)\n\n## Household income\n\nYour total bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be either your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already had funding\n\nYou may be eligible for an NHS bursary even if you\u2019ve already had public funding for higher education.\n\nIf you\u2019ve had an NHS bursary and want to change professions, you may also be eligible.\n\nFind out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to create a Bursary Online Support System (BOSS) account on the NHS Student Bursaries website to apply for an NHS bursary.\n\nYou must reapply for your bursary every academic year.\n\nThere are different ways to apply if you\u2019re from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## New students\n\nIf you\u2019re entering the first year of your NHS-funded course or, for medical and dental students, your first year of NHS bursary funding, read the guidance for new students.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should wait until you have an offer of a course place from your university or college before you apply for an NHS bursary.\n\nThe date you can apply from usually depends on when your course starts. Check the NHS Student Bursaries website for the latest application dates.\n\n## Documents\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for an NHS bursary for the first time you must provide 2 documents to confirm your identity, one of which must include a photograph of yourself, for example a birth certificate and a valid passport.\n\nYou must send original documents (not photocopies), which NHS Student Bursaries will return to you.\n\n## Continuing students\n\nIf you\u2019ve already had an NHS student bursary for your current course and you\u2019re reapplying for another year, read the guidance for continuing students.\n\n## When to apply\n\nNHS Student Bursaries will send you an email invitation when you can reapply for your bursary. The date your invitation is sent depends on when your next academic year begins. Check the NHS Student Busaries website for the latest invitation dates.\n\nYou must send your application within 6 months of the first day of your academic year.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf your application is approved, NHS Student Bursaries will send you an email when your bursary is available for you to view in your BOSS account.\n\nIf you get an NHS bursary you can apply separately for a reduced rate loan from Student Finance England.\n\n## Contact NHS Student Bursaries\n\nContact NHS Student Bursaries if you need help with your application.\n\n## Extra financial help\n\nIn addition to the NHS bursary you may also be able to apply for extra help if:\n\n- you have children\n\n- you have adult dependants\n\n- you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty\n\n- you do a practice placement\n\n- your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the academic year\n\nFind out more about extra help on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Dependants\u2019 Allowance\n\nYou may get this if you have adults or children who are financially dependent on you when you\u2019re training.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\nApply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance through your BOSS account.\n\n## Childcare Allowance\n\nYou must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance before you can apply for Childcare Allowance.\n\nYou may be able to get the NHS Bursary Childcare Allowance if you have dependent children.\n\nHow much you get depends on your circumstances and your household income.\n\nYou cannot get this if you\u2019re not entitled to the NHS bursary (known as a \u2018Fees Only award\u2019).\n\nTo qualify:\n\n- you must use a registered childcare provider\n\n- your children must be under 15 on the first day of the academic year (or under 17 if they have special educational needs)\n\nThe allowance pays 85% of the gross actual cost up to:\n\n- \u00a3128.78 a week for 1 child\n\n- \u00a3191.45 a week for 2 or more children\n\nApply for Childcare Allowance via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Parent Learning Allowance\n\nYou must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance first. If this includes a dependent child, you\u2019re automatically assessed for Parent Learning Allowance.\n\nYou can claim up to \u00a31,204 per academic year.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\n## Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances\n\nYou can get this if you have to pay extra costs because of a:\n\n- physical disability\n\n- long-term health condition\n\n- mental-health difficulty\n\n- specific learning difficulty like dyslexia\n\nYou need to give up-to-date medical evidence of the nature and severity of your disability from a qualified professional.\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a320,725 for a helper\n\n- \u00a35,214 for specialist equipment for the whole course\n\n- \u00a31,741 for other costs\n\nApply for Disabled Students Allowance through your BOSS account.\n\n## Practice placement expenses\n\nIf you do a practice placement you may be able to claim travel costs if:\n\n- your practice placement is in a hospital or community health centre and not at your university\n\n- it costs you more to travel to your placement than it costs to travel to university\n\nClaim practice placement expenses via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Extra Weeks Allowance\n\nIf your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the 2016 to 2017 academic year you may be entitled to Extra Weeks Allowance:\n\n| Where you study and live | Allowance |\n\n| In London | \u00a3108 per week |\n\n| Outside London | \u00a384 per additional week |\n\n| With your parents | \u00a356 per additional week |\n\nYour Extra Weeks Allowance is calculated automatically during the application process.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/nhs-bursaries", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a first-year undergraduate study for a degree in medicine, on a course funded by the NHS. I have been resident in the UK for the whole of my 18 years.", + "original_question": "Is my household income independent to determining how large an NHS Bursary I can get?" + }, + { + "id": "train-788", + "question": "Scenario: I am a lifelong UK resident and have applied for a place on a NHS-funded degree course which will ultimately lead to my qualification as a dentist. I am strongly considering applying for an NHS Bursary.\n\nQuestion: Should I wait for my place to be confirmed before making my NHS bursary application?\n\nDocument - NHS bursaries:\n## Overview\n\nWhat you can apply for depends on when your course starts and what you\u2019re studying. You do not have to pay your NHS bursary back.\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible for a bursary you may still be eligible for student finance.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor or dentist.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying a pre-registration postgraduate healthcare course, you may still be eligible for student finance.\n\n## If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying to be a doctor, dentist, dental hygienist or dental therapist.\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2017\n\nYou can get an annual payment from the NHS to help with your study and living costs (known as a \u2018bursary\u2019) if you\u2019re studying a dental, medical or healthcare course in England.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIf you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:\n\n- a bursary from the NHS\n\n- a \u00a31,000 grant from the NHS\n\n- a reduced Maintenance Loan from Student Finance England\n\nIf you\u2019re an eligible part-time student starting a course on or after 1 September 2012, you can apply for:\n\n- a reduced bursary from the NHS\n\n- a reduced grant from the NHS\n\nThe amount you get depends on the length of your course.\n\n## Tuition fees\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for an NHS bursary, the NHS pays your standard tuition fees. Your course tuition fees are paid directly to your university.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying a graduate-entry accelerated medical or dental programme, you can get some of your tuition costs paid with an NHS bursary in years 2 to 4 of your programme.\n\n- \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n- \u00a33,715 if you\u2019re starting in the 2018 to 2019 academic year\n\n## Bursary\n\nYour bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.\n\nIf you started a Diploma of Higher Education (DipHE) Nursing or Operating Department Practitioner course before 1 September 2012, you\u2019ll receive a basic bursary which does not depend on your household income.\n\nIf you\u2019re studying to become a doctor or dentist, you can apply for an NHS bursary from your second year for graduate entry programmes or from your fifth year for undergraduate programmes.\n\n## Grant\n\nYou\u2019ll get a fixed amount of \u00a31,000 if you\u2019re an eligible full-time NHS student starting your course on or after 1 September 2012. You\u2019ll get a reduced amount if you\u2019re a part-time student.\n\nYou must apply for an NHS bursary to get the grant.\n\n## Maintenance Loan\n\nYou\u2019ll get a reduced Maintenance Loan. The amount you get depends on:\n\n- where you live and study\n\n- whether you\u2019re in the final year of your course (when you get less)\n\nCurrent rates for the 2018 to 2019 academic year are:\n\n- \u00a33,263 for students studying in London and living away from home\n\n- \u00a32,324 for students studying outside London and away from home\n\n- \u00a31,744 for students living at home\n\nCurrent rates for the 2019 to 2020 academic year are:\n\n- \u00a33,354 for students studying in London and living away from home\n\n- \u00a32,389 for students studying outside London and away from home\n\n- \u00a31,793 for students living at home\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nThe NHS bursary is paid into your bank account in 12 equal monthly instalments.\n\nThe Maintenance Loan is usually paid into your bank account at the beginning of each term.\n\n## If you\u2019re disabled or have children\n\nYou may get extra help if you:\n\n- have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty\n\n- have dependants\n\nFind out what extra help you could get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you can get an NHS bursary depends on:\n\n- where you live\n\n- your course\n\n- your household income\n\n- whether you\u2019ve already had funding\n\n## Where you live\n\nTo be eligible to apply for an NHS bursary you must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 years up to the start of the academic year.\n\nYou may still be eligible if you do not meet the residency requirements - find out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\n## Your course\n\nWhether you\u2019re eligible depends on when your course starts.\n\nYou will not get an NHS bursary if you\u2019re a first level nurse or midwife and you\u2019re registering for a second field in nursing or midwifery.\n\n## If your course starts on or after 1 August 2018\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a doctor or dentist.\n\nYou can apply for an NHS bursary from your 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course.\n\n## If your course started in the 2017 to 2018 academic year\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:\n\n- doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)\n\n- dental hygienist or dental therapist\n\n## If your course started before 1 August 2017\n\nYou must be accepted for a place on a full or part-time NHS-funded course which will lead to you registering as a:\n\n- doctor or dentist (you can apply for an NHS bursary from the 5th year on the 5 or 6 year undergraduate course or from your 2nd year on the 4 year accelerated graduate course)\n\n- chiropodist (including podiatrist), dietician, occupational therapist, orthoptist, physiotherapist, prosthetist, orthotist, radiographer, radiotherapist, audiologist or a speech and language therapist\n\n- dental hygienist or dental therapist\n\n- nurse, midwife or operating department practitioner (degree or diploma course)\n\n## Household income\n\nYour total bursary amount depends on your household income. This can be either your own income, your parents\u2019 income, or that of your partner, spouse or civil partner.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already had funding\n\nYou may be eligible for an NHS bursary even if you\u2019ve already had public funding for higher education.\n\nIf you\u2019ve had an NHS bursary and want to change professions, you may also be eligible.\n\nFind out more from the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to create a Bursary Online Support System (BOSS) account on the NHS Student Bursaries website to apply for an NHS bursary.\n\nYou must reapply for your bursary every academic year.\n\nThere are different ways to apply if you\u2019re from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## New students\n\nIf you\u2019re entering the first year of your NHS-funded course or, for medical and dental students, your first year of NHS bursary funding, read the guidance for new students.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should wait until you have an offer of a course place from your university or college before you apply for an NHS bursary.\n\nThe date you can apply from usually depends on when your course starts. Check the NHS Student Bursaries website for the latest application dates.\n\n## Documents\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for an NHS bursary for the first time you must provide 2 documents to confirm your identity, one of which must include a photograph of yourself, for example a birth certificate and a valid passport.\n\nYou must send original documents (not photocopies), which NHS Student Bursaries will return to you.\n\n## Continuing students\n\nIf you\u2019ve already had an NHS student bursary for your current course and you\u2019re reapplying for another year, read the guidance for continuing students.\n\n## When to apply\n\nNHS Student Bursaries will send you an email invitation when you can reapply for your bursary. The date your invitation is sent depends on when your next academic year begins. Check the NHS Student Busaries website for the latest invitation dates.\n\nYou must send your application within 6 months of the first day of your academic year.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf your application is approved, NHS Student Bursaries will send you an email when your bursary is available for you to view in your BOSS account.\n\nIf you get an NHS bursary you can apply separately for a reduced rate loan from Student Finance England.\n\n## Contact NHS Student Bursaries\n\nContact NHS Student Bursaries if you need help with your application.\n\n## Extra financial help\n\nIn addition to the NHS bursary you may also be able to apply for extra help if:\n\n- you have children\n\n- you have adult dependants\n\n- you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty\n\n- you do a practice placement\n\n- your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the academic year\n\nFind out more about extra help on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Dependants\u2019 Allowance\n\nYou may get this if you have adults or children who are financially dependent on you when you\u2019re training.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\nApply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance through your BOSS account.\n\n## Childcare Allowance\n\nYou must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance before you can apply for Childcare Allowance.\n\nYou may be able to get the NHS Bursary Childcare Allowance if you have dependent children.\n\nHow much you get depends on your circumstances and your household income.\n\nYou cannot get this if you\u2019re not entitled to the NHS bursary (known as a \u2018Fees Only award\u2019).\n\nTo qualify:\n\n- you must use a registered childcare provider\n\n- your children must be under 15 on the first day of the academic year (or under 17 if they have special educational needs)\n\nThe allowance pays 85% of the gross actual cost up to:\n\n- \u00a3128.78 a week for 1 child\n\n- \u00a3191.45 a week for 2 or more children\n\nApply for Childcare Allowance via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Parent Learning Allowance\n\nYou must apply for Dependants\u2019 Allowance first. If this includes a dependent child, you\u2019re automatically assessed for Parent Learning Allowance.\n\nYou can claim up to \u00a31,204 per academic year.\n\nHow much you get depends on your household income.\n\n## Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances\n\nYou can get this if you have to pay extra costs because of a:\n\n- physical disability\n\n- long-term health condition\n\n- mental-health difficulty\n\n- specific learning difficulty like dyslexia\n\nYou need to give up-to-date medical evidence of the nature and severity of your disability from a qualified professional.\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a320,725 for a helper\n\n- \u00a35,214 for specialist equipment for the whole course\n\n- \u00a31,741 for other costs\n\nApply for Disabled Students Allowance through your BOSS account.\n\n## Practice placement expenses\n\nIf you do a practice placement you may be able to claim travel costs if:\n\n- your practice placement is in a hospital or community health centre and not at your university\n\n- it costs you more to travel to your placement than it costs to travel to university\n\nClaim practice placement expenses via the form on the NHS Student Bursaries website.\n\n## Extra Weeks Allowance\n\nIf your course runs for more than 30 weeks and 3 days in the 2016 to 2017 academic year you may be entitled to Extra Weeks Allowance:\n\n| Where you study and live | Allowance |\n\n| In London | \u00a3108 per week |\n\n| Outside London | \u00a384 per additional week |\n\n| With your parents | \u00a356 per additional week |\n\nYour Extra Weeks Allowance is calculated automatically during the application process.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/nhs-bursaries", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a lifelong UK resident and have applied for a place on a NHS-funded degree course which will ultimately lead to my qualification as a dentist. I am strongly considering applying for an NHS Bursary.", + "original_question": "Should I wait for my place to be confirmed before making my NHS bursary application?" + }, + { + "id": "train-790", + "question": "Scenario: I am the managing director of a financial services firm based in the City of London. Recently one of our senior staff members handed in his resignation, and is now commencing the six weeks notice period stipulated in his contract. He also has 24 days of leave entitlement accrued, which we would prefer that he didn't take during his notice period.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible to \"buy back\" his leave entitlement during this notice period?\n\nDocument - Holiday entitlement:\n## Entitlement\n\nAlmost all workers are legally entitled to 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday a year (known as statutory leave entitlement or annual leave).\n\nThis includes:\n\n- agency workers\n\n- workers with irregular hours\n\n- workers on zero-hours contracts\n\nAn employer can include bank holidays as part of statutory annual leave.\n\nCoronavirus (COVID-19) does not affect workers\u2019 entitlement to holiday pay and leave, except for carrying over leave.\n\n## Statutory annual leave entitlement\n\nMost workers who work a 5-day week must receive at least 28 days\u2019 paid annual leave a year. This is the equivalent of 5.6 weeks of holiday.\n\n## Working part-time\n\nPart-time workers are entitled to at least 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday, but this will amount to fewer than 28 days.\n\nFor example, if they work 3 days a week, they must get at least 16.8 days\u2019 leave a year (3 \u00d7 5.6).\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out a part-time worker\u2019s leave.\n\n## Irregular hours\n\nPeople working irregular hours (like shift workers or term-time workers) are entitled to paid time off for every hour they work.\n\nThey might find it helpful to get an estimate of holiday entitlement by calculating leave based on days or hours worked in an average week.\n\n## Limits on statutory leave\n\nStatutory paid holiday entitlement is limited to 28 days. For example, staff working 6 days a week are only entitled to 28 days\u2019 paid holiday.\n\n## Bank holidays\n\nBank or public holidays do not have to be given as paid leave.\n\nAn employer can choose to include bank holidays as part of a worker\u2019s statutory annual leave.\n\n## Extra leave\n\nAn employer can choose to offer more leave than the legal minimum. They do not have to apply all the rules that apply to statutory leave to the extra leave. For example, a worker might need to be employed for a certain amount of time before they become entitled to it.\n\n## Other aspects of holiday entitlement\n\nWorkers have the right to:\n\n- get paid for leave\n\n- build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday entitlement during maternity, paternity and adoption leave\n\n- build up holiday entitlement while off work sick\n\n- request holiday at the same time as sick leave\n\n## Disputes\n\nPaid annual leave is a legal right that an employer must provide. If a worker thinks their right to leave and pay are not being met there are a number of ways to resolve the dispute.\n\n## Calculate leave entitlement\n\nAnnual leave begins to build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) as soon as a worker starts their job.\n\nAn employer can use a \u2018leave year\u2019 or an \u2018accrual\u2019 system to work out how much leave their staff should get.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out how much leave someone should get.\n\n## Leave year\n\nAn employer should tell their staff the dates of their statutory leave year as soon as they start working, for example, it might run from 1 January to 31 December.\n\nWorkers must take their statutory leave during this time. If a leave year is not set out in a contract then it will start:\n\n- on the first day of a new job (if started after 1 October 1998)\n\n- on 1 October (if started on or before 1 October 1998)\n\nThe leave year and holiday entitlement is not affected by maternity, paternity or adoption leave. The employee still builds up (\u2018accrues\u2019) holiday over these periods.\n\n## Leave entitlement when starting a new job\n\nIf a worker starts their job part-way through a leave year, they\u2019re only entitled to part of their total annual leave for the current leave year. What they get depends on how much of the year is left.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work out how much leave someone has left.\n\n## Accrual system\n\nAn employer can use an accrual system to work out a worker\u2019s leave during the first year of the job. Under this system, a worker gets one-twelfth of their leave in each month.\n\n## Carrying over leave\n\nThe worker\u2019s contract says how many days\u2019 leave they can carry over into the next year.\n\nIf a worker gets 28 days\u2019 leave, they can carry over a maximum of 8 days.\n\nIf a worker gets more than 28 days\u2019 leave, their employer may allow them to carry over any additional untaken leave. Check the employment contract, company handbook or intranet to see what the rules say.\n\n## Leave affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWorkers may be able to carry over untaken leave into the next 2 years if they cannot take it because their work is affected by coronavirus.\n\nThey could do this if, for example:\n\n- they need to provide cover for their co-workers and have no other opportunity to take holiday in their leave year\n\n- there will be staff shortages if too many workers take their leave before the end of the leave year\n\n- they\u2019re classed as critical workers, such as healthcare or supermarket workers\n\nIf a worker is able to take leave, the standard rules for carrying over leave still apply.\n\n## Workers on parental or sick leave\n\nIf a worker cannot take all of their leave entitlement because they\u2019re already on a different type of leave (for example sick, maternity or parental leave), they can carry over some or all of the untaken leave into the next leave year.\n\nAn employer must allow a worker to carry over a maximum of 20 of their 28 days\u2019 leave entitlement if the worker could not take annual leave because they were off sick.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nWorkers are entitled to a week\u2019s pay for each week of statutory leave that they take.\n\nMost workers are entitled to 5.6 weeks\u2019 paid holiday a year. You can use the holiday calculator to work out how much leave someone should get.\n\nA week\u2019s pay is worked out according to the kind of hours someone works and how they\u2019re paid for the hours. This includes full-time, part-time, term-time and casual workers.\n\n| Working pattern | How a week\u2019s pay is calculated |\n\n| Fixed hours and fixed pay (full- or part-time) | A worker\u2019s pay for a week |\n\n| Shift work with fixed hours (full- or part-time) | The average number of weekly fixed hours a worker has worked in the previous 52 weeks, at their average hourly rate |\n\n| No fixed hours (casual work, including zero-hours contracts) | A worker\u2019s average pay from the previous 52 weeks (only counting weeks in which they were paid) |\n\n## Calculating average hourly or weekly rate\n\nTo calculate average hourly rate, only the hours worked and how much was paid for them should be counted. Take the average rate over the last 52 weeks.\n\nA \u2018week\u2019 usually runs from Sunday to Saturday. Only use another 7-day period (like Thursday to Wednesday) if that\u2019s how a worker\u2019s pay is calculated.\n\nIf no pay was paid in any week, count back another week so the rate is based on 52 weeks in which pay was paid. You can count back a maximum of 104 weeks to find these.\n\nIf a worker has less than 52 weeks of pay, use the average pay rate for the full weeks they have worked.\n\n## Workers who are paid monthly\n\nTo work out a week\u2019s pay for someone who\u2019s paid monthly:\n\n- Calculate the worker\u2019s average hourly pay for the last month. Do this by dividing the month\u2019s pay by the number of hours worked in the month.\n\n- Calculate the weekly pay. Do this by multiplying the average hourly pay by the number of hours worked in a week.\n\nUse the weekly pay calculation for each of the last 52 weeks to work out an average week\u2019s pay.\n\n## Rolled-up holiday pay\n\nHoliday pay should be paid for the time when annual leave is taken. An employer cannot include an amount for holiday pay in the hourly rate (known as \u2018rolled-up holiday pay\u2019).\n\nIf a current contract still includes rolled-up pay, it needs to be re-negotiated.\n\n## More information\n\nThere\u2019s guidance for calculating holiday pay for workers without fixed hours or pay, which includes several examples.\n\nYou can also contact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) with questions about general holiday pay issues.\n\n## Booking time off\n\nThe general notice period for taking leave is at least twice as long as the amount of leave a worker wants to take, plus 1 day. For example, a worker would give 3 days\u2019 notice for 1 day\u2019s leave.\n\nAn employer can refuse a leave request or cancel leave but they must give as much notice as the amount of leave requested, plus 1 day. For example, an employer would give 11 days\u2019 notice if the worker asked for 10 days\u2019 leave.\n\nIf the contract says something different about the notice a worker or employer should give, what\u2019s in the contract will apply.\n\nAlthough employers can refuse to give leave at a certain time, they cannot refuse to let workers take the leave at all.\n\n## Part leave days\n\nSome workers may be entitled to a part leave day - for example if they\u2019re part-time or have a half day\u2019s leave to take. How a part day should be taken is up to the employer.\n\n## When leave can and cannot be taken\n\nEmployers can:\n\n- tell their staff to take leave, for example bank holidays or Christmas\n\n- restrict when leave can be taken, for example at certain busy periods\n\nThere may be rules about this in the employment contract or it may be what normally happens in the workplace.\n\nThe notice period for this is at least twice as long as the leave they want their staff to take. The employer must tell the worker before the notice period begins.\n\nIf an employer wants a worker to take leave, they need to make sure that the worker can relax, rest and enjoy leisure during their holiday. For example, an employer cannot force a sick worker to take leave.\n\n## Taking holiday before leaving a job\n\nDuring their notice period the worker may be able to take whatever is left of their statutory annual leave.\n\nUse the holiday entitlement calculator to work this out. How much they get depends on how much of the holiday year has passed.\n\n## Taking more leave than the entitlement\n\nIf a worker has taken more leave than they\u2019re entitled to, their employer must not take money from their final pay unless it\u2019s been agreed beforehand in writing. The rules in this situation should be outlined in the employment contract, company handbook or intranet.\n\n## Getting paid instead of taking holidays\n\nThe only time someone can get paid in place of taking statutory leave (known as \u2018payment in lieu\u2019) is when they leave their job. Employers must pay for untaken statutory leave, even if the worker is dismissed for gross misconduct.\n\nIf an employer offers more than 5.6 weeks\u2019 annual leave, they can agree separate arrangements for the extra leave.\n\n## Zero-hours contracts\n\nWhen a worker on a zero-hours contract has not worked for 4 weeks, this may be treated as the end of the employment. The employer will usually pay the worker for untaken leave, even if they\u2019re going to offer them more work later.\n\n## Workers on furlough because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWorkers have the right to build up (\u2018accrue\u2019) holiday entitlement while they\u2019re on temporary leave (\u2018furloughed\u2019) because of coronavirus (COVID-19). They can also take leave while on furlough.\n\n## Bank holidays\n\nIf a furloughed worker is not working on a bank holiday they usually take as paid leave, they can agree with their employer to either:\n\n- take it as normal\n\n- take it at a later date\n\nAn employer must give a worker at least 2 days\u2019 notice if they want them to take a bank holiday as paid leave, unless the worker\u2019s employment contract says something different.\n\nThe employer must tell the worker at least one day in advance of giving 2 days\u2019 notice.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nAn employer can continue to claim for a furloughed worker\u2019s wages when the worker takes annual leave.\n\nCalculate holiday pay as normal for any time the worker was furloughed. If the holiday pay turns out to be more than the worker was paid during this time, their employer must pay the difference.\n\n## Agency workers\n\nAgency workers with \u2018worker status\u2019, including those who use an umbrella company, have their usual holiday entitlement when on furlough.\n\nTheir employer can claim a grant to help cover the cost of their wages.\n\nHoliday entitlement for those without worker status remains the same and depends on their contract.\n\nAgency workers may also be able to carry holiday into future leave years.\n\n## More information\n\nThere\u2019s more guidance on holiday entitlement and pay during coronavirus.\nYou can also find out more about holiday entitlement during coronavirus on the Acas website.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/holiday-entitlement-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the managing director of a financial services firm based in the City of London. Recently one of our senior staff members handed in his resignation, and is now commencing the six weeks notice period stipulated in his contract. He also has 24 days of leave entitlement accrued, which we would prefer that he didn't take during his notice period.", + "original_question": "Is it possible to \"buy back\" his leave entitlement during this notice period?" + }, + { + "id": "train-791", + "question": "Scenario: I am 22, and work part-time at a local health food co-operative. I have no formal contract of employment, which I understand classifies me as a worker rather than an employee.\n\nQuestion: Am I still entitled to be paid the National Minimum Wage?\n\nDocument - The National Minimum Wage and Living Wage:\n## Overview\n\nThe minimum wage a worker should get depends on their age and if they\u2019re an apprentice.\n\nThe National Minimum Wage is the minimum pay per hour almost all workers are entitled to. The National Living Wage is higher than the National Minimum Wage - workers get it if they\u2019re over 23.\n\nIt does not matter how small an employer is, they still have to pay the correct minimum wage.\n\n## Calculate the minimum wage\n\nUse the minimum wage calculators to check if the correct minimum wage has been paid.\n\nThere are separate calculators for workers and employers.\n\nUse the calculator for workers to check if you\u2019re getting the correct minimum wage or if an employer owes you payment from the previous year.\n\nUse the calculator for employers to check if you\u2019re paying the correct minimum wage or if you owe a payment from the previous year.\n\nThere is also guidance on working out the minimum wage for different types of work.\n\nCall the Acas helpline or visit the Acas Helpline Online for advice about the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\n## Who gets the minimum wage\n\nPeople classed as \u2018workers\u2019 must be at least school leaving age to get the National Minimum Wage. They must be 23 or over to get the National Living Wage.\n\nContracts for payments below the minimum wage are not legally binding. The worker is still entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nWorkers are also entitled to the correct minimum wage if they\u2019re:\n\n- part-time\n\n- casual labourers, for example someone hired for one day\n\n- agency workers\n\n- workers and homeworkers paid by the number of items they make\n\n- apprentices\n\n- trainees, workers on probation\n\n- disabled workers\n\n- agricultural workers\n\n- foreign workers\n\n- seafarers\n\n- offshore workers\n\n## Apprentices\n\nApprentices are entitled to the apprentice rate if they\u2019re either:\n\n- under 19\n\n- 19 or over and in the first year of their apprenticeship\n\nApprentices over 19 who have completed the first year of their apprenticeship are entitled to the correct minimum wage for their age.\n\n## Not entitled to the minimum wage\n\nThe following types of workers are not entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage:\n\n- self-employed people running their own business\n\n- company directors\n\n- people who are volunteers or voluntary workers\n\n- workers on a government employment programme, such as the Work Programme\n\n- members of the armed forces\n\n- family members of the employer living in the employer\u2019s home\n\n- non-family members living in the employer\u2019s home who share in the work and leisure activities, are treated as one of the family and are not charged for meals or accommodation, for example au pairs\n\n- workers younger than school leaving age (usually 16)\n\n- higher and further education students on work experience or a work placement up to one year\n\n- people shadowing others at work\n\n- workers on government pre-apprenticeships schemes\n\n- people on the following European Union (EU) programmes: Leonardo da Vinci, Erasmus+, Comenius\n\n- people working on a Jobcentre Plus Work trial for up to 6 weeks\n\n- share fishermen\n\n- prisoners\n\n- people living and working in a religious community\n\nEmployers who offer internships (sometimes called \u2018work placements\u2019 or \u2018work experience\u2019) should check if the person is entitled to the minimum wage.\n\n## Voluntary work\n\nYou\u2019re classed as doing voluntary work if you can only get certain limited benefits (for example reasonable travel or lunch expenses) and you\u2019re working for a:\n\n- charity\n\n- voluntary organisation or associated fundraising body\n\n- statutory body\n\nContact the Acas helpline to find out if you should be getting the minimum wage.\n\n## Employers and the minimum wage\n\nEmployers must pay workers the correct minimum wage.\n\nYou can read guidance on the minimum wage rates and who they apply to.\n\n## What\u2019s not included in minimum wage calculations\n\nSome payments must not be included when the minimum wage is calculated.\n\nThese are:\n\n- payments that should not be included for the employer\u2019s own use or benefit, for example if the employer has paid for travel to work\n\n- things the worker bought for the job and is not refunded for, such as tools, uniform, safety equipment\n\n- tips, service charges and cover charges\n\n- extra pay for working unsocial hours on a shift\n\nFind out what counts as working time.\n\n## What\u2019s included in minimum wage calculations\n\nSome payments must be included when the minimum wage is calculated.\n\nThese are:\n\n- Income Tax and National Insurance contributions\n\n- wage advances or loans\n\n- repayment of wage advances or loans\n\n- repayment of overpaid wages\n\n- things the worker paid for that are not needed for the job or paid for voluntarily, such as meals\n\n- accommodation provided by an employer above the offset rate (\u00a38.36 a day or \u00a358.52 a week)\n\n- penalty charges for a worker\u2019s misconduct\n\nRead the detailed guidance on calculating the minimum wage for more on what counts and does not count towards the minimum wage, eligibility, how to calculate the minimum wage and how it is enforced.\n\n## Employer checks\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence for employers to not pay someone the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage, or to fake payment records.\n\nEmployers who discover they\u2019ve paid a worker below the correct minimum wage must pay any arrears immediately. Use the National Minimum Wage and National Living Wage calculator to check a worker has been paid correctly.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) officers have the right to carry out checks at any time and ask to see payment records. They can also investigate employers if a worker complains to them.\n\nIf HMRC finds that an employer has not been paying the correct rates, any arrears have to be paid back immediately. There will also be a fine and offenders might be named by the government.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nIt\u2019s the employer\u2019s responsibility to keep records proving that they are paying the minimum wage. These records must be kept for at least 6 years if they:\n\n- were created on or after 1 April 2021\n\n- still had to be kept on 31 March 2021 under the previous rule that records must be kept for 3 years\n\nThe period records must be kept for starts from the last day of the pay reference period after the one they cover.\n\nThey do not have to be kept in any particular form, for example they can be paper or computer records. But employers must be able to produce records for an individual pay reference period in a single document.\n\nMost employers use their payroll records as proof of:\n\n- total pay - including pay deductions, allowances and tips\n\n- total hours worked - including absences and overtime\n\nEmployers may also need to keep records such as:\n\n- agreements about working hours, pay and conditions, such as contracts\n\n- documents that show why a worker is not entitled to the minimum wage\n\n## Pay reference periods\n\nPay reference periods are usually set by how often someone is paid, for example one week, one month or 10 days. A pay reference period cannot be longer than 31 days.\n\nA worker must be paid the minimum wage, on average, for the time worked in the pay reference period.\n\n## Worker disputes over minimum wage\n\nWorkers who think their pay is below the correct minimum wage rate should talk to their employer first.\n\nIf this does not solve the problem, they can ask the employer in writing to see their payment records. The worker can take someone with them and make copies of the records.\n\nIf an employer owes the worker any arrears they have to pay these back.\n\nWorkers can call the confidential Acas helpline or look at the Acas Helpline Online to help them solve a payment dispute.\n\nWorkers can also make a complaint to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about their employer or employment agency or complain on behalf of someone else.\n\n## If the employer refuses payment\n\nIf HMRC find that the employer has not paid they will send them a notice for the arrears plus a fine for not paying the minimum wage.\n\nHMRC can take them to court on behalf of the worker if the employer still refuses to pay.\n\n## Employment tribunal\n\nWorkers can also go directly to the employment tribunal themselves.\n\nWorkers who have been dismissed because of a minimum wage dispute can also complain to the employment tribunal for unfair dismissal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 22, and work part-time at a local health food co-operative. I have no formal contract of employment, which I understand classifies me as a worker rather than an employee.", + "original_question": "Am I still entitled to be paid the National Minimum Wage?" + }, + { + "id": "train-794", + "question": "Scenario: I own and manage a football club in Cardiff, Wales. We have around 100 employees, including players whom we compensate via the PAYE system along with our other staff. One of our players is approaching his 10th anniversary with the club, and we are organising a sporting testimonial for him.\n\nQuestion: Are we required to pay Class 1A contributions on income from our players testimonial events?\n\nDocument - Pay employers' Class 1A National Insurance:\n## Overview\n\nYou must pay Class 1A National Insurance contributions on work benefits you give to your employees, such as a company mobile phone.\n\nYou must also pay them on payments of more than \u00a330,000 that you make to employees when their employment ends, such as a redundancy payment (\u2018termination awards\u2019).\n\nYou only have to pay Class 1A National Insurance contributions on termination awards if you have not already paid Class 1 National Insurance contributions on them.\n\nThere\u2019s different guidance on payment of Class 1A National Insurance on sporting testimonials.\n\n## When to pay\n\nWhen you pay Class 1A National Insurance contributions depends on whether they are work benefits or termination awards.\n\n## Work benefits\n\nYou need to pay contributions on work benefits by 22 July each year for the previous tax year. You\u2019ll need to pay by 19 July if paying by post.\n\n## Termination awards\n\nYou pay contributions on termination awards through PAYE.\n\n## Pay contributions on work benefits online\n\nYou can pay online using direct debit (one-off payment), bank transfer, credit card or corporate debit card.\n\nPay now\n\n## Other ways to pay contributions on work benefits\n\nMake sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. You may have to pay interest and penalties if your payment is late.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\n## Up to 2 days\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- online by debit or corporate credit card\n\n- Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up with HMRC before)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set one up with HMRC before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, your payment must arrive in HMRC\u2019s bank account on the last working day of the week (unless you\u2019re using Faster Payments).\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give a 17-character number as the payment reference. This starts with your 13-character Accounts Office reference number. Then add the tax year you want to pay for and the digits \u201813\u2019 to make sure your payment is assigned correctly.\n\n| Tax year | Add these digits to your reference number |\n\n| 2013 to 2014 | 1413 |\n\n| 2014 to 2015 | 1513 |\n\n| 2015 to 2016 | 1613 |\n\nYou can find your Accounts Office reference number on:\n\n- the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer\n\n- the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it\n\nYou must make a separate payment for Class 1A payments. You cannot add them to a standard PAYE payment.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account:\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB62BARC20114770297690 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nMake your payment to \u2018HMRC Cumbernauld\u2019 office. You\u2019ll need to give a 17-character payment reference. This starts with your 13-character Accounts Office reference number. You can find this on:\n\n- the letter HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent you when you first registered as an employer\n\n- the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it\n\nAdd the tax year you want to pay for and the digits \u201813\u2019. If you do not do this, your payment will be allocated to the current tax year instead.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your Class 1A National Insurance bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your Class 1A payslip reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip provided by HMRC.\n\nYou must use your Class 1A payslip when paying in. Do not use a standard PAYE payslip from your booklet or your payment will be delayed.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC\u2019s bank account.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a new Direct Debit through your business\u2019s HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make a single payment for Class 1A contributions.\n\nYou cannot use an existing Direct Debit for standard PAYE payments.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to set up a payment each time you pay HMRC through Direct Debit.\n\n## Making the payment\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give a 17-character payment reference. This starts with your 13-character Accounts Office reference number. You can find this on:\n\n- the letter HMRC sent you when you first registered as an employer\n\n- the front of your payment booklet or the letter from HMRC that replaced it\n\nAdd the tax year you want to pay for and the digits \u201813\u2019. If you do not do this, your payment will be allocated to the current tax year instead.\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your Class 1A reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find this on your payslip.\n\nInclude the payslip HMRC sent you. You cannot use a standard PAYE payslip from your booklet. Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque properly.\n\nIf you want a receipt, include a note asking for one.\n\n## If you do not have a payslip\n\nYou can print a payslip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nCheck your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account - it should update within 6 working days.\n\nIf you\u2019re paying by cheque through the post, you can include a letter with your payment to request a receipt from HMRC.\n\n## Class 1A contributions on sporting testimonials\n\nA sporting testimonial is an event or series of events to honour a player for their service, such as when the player retires.\n\nThe testimonial committee must pay Class 1A National Insurance if the payment to a player is:\n\n- more than \u00a3100,000\n\n- not in the player\u2019s contract\n\nThe payment is usually the profit from the event.\n\nThe committee must pay the contributions on the payment through PAYE.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-1a-national-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own and manage a football club in Cardiff, Wales. We have around 100 employees, including players whom we compensate via the PAYE system along with our other staff. One of our players is approaching his 10th anniversary with the club, and we are organising a sporting testimonial for him.", + "original_question": "Are we required to pay Class 1A contributions on income from our players testimonial events?" + }, + { + "id": "train-795", + "question": "Scenario: I own and run a SME employing just over 50 people. One of my long-term employees has given notice that she intends to claim both statutory maternity leave and statutory maternity pay, but so far has not provided proof of pregnancy.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to grant her SMP and SML requests if she doesn't provide this evidence by her SML start date?\n\nDocument - Statutory Maternity Pay and Leave: employer guide:\n## Entitlement\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nEligible employees can take up to 52 weeks\u2019 maternity leave. The first 26 weeks is known as \u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019, the last 26 weeks as \u2018Additional Maternity Leave\u2019.\n\nThe earliest that leave can be taken is 11 weeks before the expected week of childbirth, unless the baby is born early.\n\nEmployees must take at least 2 weeks after the birth (or 4 weeks if they\u2019re a factory worker).\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nSMP for eligible employees can be paid for up to 39 weeks, usually as follows:\n\n- the first 6 weeks: 90% of their average weekly earnings (AWE) before tax\n\n- the remaining 33 weeks: \u00a3151.97 or 90% of their AWE (whichever is lower)\n\nTax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nUse the SMP calculator to work out an employee\u2019s maternity leave and pay.\n\nSome employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nYou can offer more than the statutory amounts if you have a company maternity scheme. You must make sure your maternity leave and pay policies are clear and available to staff.\n\n## If the baby is born early\n\nLeave starts the day after the birth if the baby is born early.\n\nThe employee must give you the child\u2019s birth certificate or a document signed by a doctor or midwife that confirms the actual date of birth.\n\nYou must write to them confirming the new end date for their leave.\n\nFor very premature births where the child is born 15 weeks or more before the due date, you\u2019ll need to calculate SMP using your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.\n\n## If the baby dies\n\nEmployees still qualify for leave or pay if the baby:\n\n- is stillborn after the start of the 24th week of pregnancy\n\n- dies after being born\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during maternity leave.\n\nYou still have to pay SMP even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility and proof of pregnancy\n\nSome employees will not qualify for both leave and pay.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- have an employment contract - it does not matter how long they\u2019ve worked for you\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- be on your payroll in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 - the 15th week before the expected week of childbirth\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- give you proof they\u2019re pregnant\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the qualifying week\n\n- earn at least \u00a3120 a week (gross) in an 8-week \u2018relevant period\u2019\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nUse the maternity pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their relevant period, notice period and statutory maternity pay.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations (for example if they leave, become sick or their baby is born before the qualifying week).\n\n## Proof of pregnancy\n\nYou must get proof of the pregnancy before you pay SMP. This is usually a doctor\u2019s letter or a maternity certificate (known as an MATB1 certificate). Midwives and doctors usually issue these 20 weeks before the due date.\n\nThe employee should give you proof within 21 days of the SMP start date. You can agree to accept it later if you want. You do not have to pay SMP if you have not received proof of the due date 13 weeks after the SMP start date.\n\nYou must keep records of the proof of pregnancy.\n\nEmployees not entitled to SMP may be able to get Maternity Allowance instead.\n\n## Notice period\n\nNotice does not have to be in writing unless you request it.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the baby is expected, your employees must tell you the date that:\n\n- the baby is due\n\n- they want to start their maternity leave - they can change this with 28 days\u2019 notice\n\nYou must then confirm their leave start and end dates in writing within 28 days.\n\nEmployees can change their return to work date if they give 8 weeks\u2019 notice.\n\nYou cannot refuse maternity leave or change the amount of leave your employees want to take.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nYour employees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice of the date they want to start their SMP. This is usually the same date they want to start their leave.\n\nYou can refuse to pay SMP if your employee does not give you this notice and they do not give you a reasonable excuse.\n\n## Refuse pay form SMP1\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) if the employee does not qualify. They may be able to get Maternity Allowance instead.\n\nTo refuse it, give the employee the SMP1 form within 7 days of your decision. They must get this form within 28 days of their request for Statutory Maternity Pay or the birth (whichever is earlier).\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- proof of pregnancy - usually a doctor\u2019s note or a MATB1 certificate (a photocopy is fine)\n\n- the date SMP began\n\n- your SMP payments (including dates)\n\n- the SMP you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to, for example by using form SMP2 or keeping your own records.\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own and run a SME employing just over 50 people. One of my long-term employees has given notice that she intends to claim both statutory maternity leave and statutory maternity pay, but so far has not provided proof of pregnancy.", + "original_question": "Do I have to grant her SMP and SML requests if she doesn't provide this evidence by her SML start date?" + }, + { + "id": "train-798", + "question": "Scenario: I work as a salaried (plus commissions) employee at a car dealership in Birmingham. I have unpaid debts to a finance company, who obtained a CCJ against me. The court has now sent a non-priority attachment of earnings order to both my employer and myself.\n\nQuestion: Can my employer deduct from my commissions and performance-related bonuses as well as my base salary?\n\nDocument - Make debt deductions from an employee's pay:\n## When you have to deduct from pay\n\nYou have to make deductions from your employee\u2019s wages if a court orders you to. This could be to pay off:\n\n- unpaid maintenance payments\n\n- a county court judgment\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you have to make deductions to pay off a benefit debt or child maintenance.\n\n## How it works\n\n- You\u2019ll get a document from the court telling you to make deductions from your employee\u2019s pay.\n\n- Work out how much you have to deduct each time your employee is paid.\n\n- Start making deductions the next time you pay your employee. Pay them their reduced wages on their normal payday.\n\n- Make the payment to the court.\n\n- Stop making deductions when the debt has been paid off.\n\nYou and your employee can be fined if you do not deduct their wages, or if you deliberately give false information about their earnings.\n\n## Getting an order\n\nYou and your employee will each get an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019 (AEO) from the court.\n\nYou must start making deductions from your employee\u2019s pay from the next time you pay them, unless it\u2019s within the next 7 days.\n\nWrite to the court within 10 days if you get an order for someone you do not employ.\n\n## What the order tells you\n\nThe court order will tell you:\n\n- how much your employee owes\n\n- if it\u2019s a \u2018priority order\u2019 - if it does not say what it is, it\u2019s a \u2018non-priority order\u2019\n\n- how much you have to take from their wages - called the \u2018normal deduction rate\u2019 (NDR)\n\n- the minimum amount they still have to take home - called the \u2018protected earnings rate\u2019 (PER)\n\n- how often the payments have to be made (weekly or monthly)\n\nYou can be fined if you do not start making the deductions.\n\n## Change how often the deductions are made\n\nIf a county court made the order, you can ask them to change it, for example from weekly to monthly if that\u2019s how you pay your employee.\n\nIf a magistrate\u2019s court made the order, your employee has to ask the court to change it.\n\n## Deductions and minimum take-home pay\n\nYou cannot make the normal deduction if it would take the employee below the protected earnings rate.\n\n## Protected earnings rate is too high\n\nIf the protected earnings rate is so high that you\u2019ll never be able to make deductions, write to both:\n\n- the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office\n\n- the court who issued the order\n\nInclude the:\n\n- court case number\n\n- attachment of earnings order number\n\n- name of the employee\n\n## Priority and non-priority orders\n\nThere are 2 types of orders - priority orders and non-priority orders. The way you calculate deductions for them is different.\n\n| Type of order | What it\u2019s used for | If you cannot make the full deduction |\n\n| Priority | Maintenance or fines | Carry the unpaid difference over to the next payday |\n\n| Non-priority | Civil debts | Do not carry the unpaid difference over to the next payday |\n\n## If your employee has more than one order\n\nDeduct any priority orders first, in the order the employee got them. Then deduct the non-priority orders in the order the employee got them.\n\nYou can apply to the court to combine 2 or more non-priority orders into a single order. This is called a \u2018consolidated attachment of earnings order\u2019.\n\n## Deductions for a priority order\n\nPriority orders are used for unpaid maintenance or fines.\n\n- Calculate your employee\u2019s earnings.\n\n- Take off the normal deduction rate from their earnings.\n\n- Take off an extra \u00a31 towards your administrative costs (if you want to).\n\n- Pay your employee the remainder of their earnings. You must pay them at least their protected earnings rate (this is given in the order). If you cannot deduct the full amount, carry the difference over and deduct it on the next payday.\n\n- Send the deduction to the court.\n\nYou can still deduct the \u00a31 if it takes your employee\u2019s income below their protected earnings rate - but not if it takes their income below the National Minimum Wage.\n\n## Making a full deduction\n\nDeduct the full amount from your employee\u2019s earnings if it does not take them below their protected earnings rates.\n\n## When you cannot make a full deduction\n\nIf the full deduction would take the employee below their protected earnings rate, carry the difference over to their next payday.\n\n## When you cannot make any deduction\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you cannot make any deduction because the employee\u2019s earnings are below their protected earnings rate.\n\nYou have to tell the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office you could not make a deduction. Send an email to caps@justice.gov.uk with the:\n\n- court case number\n\n- attachment of earnings order number\n\n- name of the employee\n\n- reason you could not make any deduction\n\n## Paying your employee for a different pay period\n\nRecalculate the protected earnings rate and normal deduction rate if you pay your employee for a different period than usual.\n\n## Holiday pay in advance\n\nUse the same process if you\u2019re paying your employee holiday pay in advance.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out the different rates for:\n\n- the month when you give pay in advance\n\n- the following month when you pay them less than normal\n\n## Deductions for a non-priority order\n\nNon-priority orders are used for debts from a county court judgment (CCJ).\n\n- Calculate your employee\u2019s earnings.\n\n- Take off the normal deduction rate from their earnings.\n\n- Take off an extra \u00a31 towards your administrative costs (if you want to).\n\n- Pay your employee the remainder of their earnings. You must pay them at least their protected earnings rate.\n\n- Send the deduction to the court.\n\nYou can still deduct the \u00a31 if it takes your employee\u2019s income below their protected earnings rate - but not if it takes their income below the National Minimum Wage.\n\n## Making a full deduction\n\nDeduct the full amount from your employee\u2019s earnings if it does not take them below their protected earnings rates.\n\n## When you cannot make a full deduction\n\nDo not carry any unpaid difference over to the next payday if the full deduction would take the employee below their protected earnings rate.\n\n## When you cannot make any deduction\n\nDo not carry the deduction over to the next payday if the employee\u2019s earnings are below their protected earnings rate.\n\nYou have to tell the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office you could not make a deduction. Send an email to caps@justice.gov.uk with the:\n\n- court case number\n\n- attachment of earnings order number\n\n- name of the employee\n\n- reason you could not make any deduction\n\n## Paying your employee for a different pay period\n\nRecalculate the protected earnings rate and normal deduction rate if you pay your employee for a different period than usual.\n\n## Holiday pay in advance\n\nUse the same process if you\u2019re paying your employee holiday pay in advance.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out the different rates for:\n\n- the month when you give pay in advance\n\n- the following month when you\u2019d pay them less than normal\n\n## What counts as earnings\n\nYou can only make a deduction from the following earnings:\n\n- wages, fees, bonuses, commissions, overtime pay or any payments on top of wages\n\n- private or occupational pensions and compensation payments\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- contractual sick pay\n\n- contractual maternity pay\n\n- contractual paternity pay\n\n- contractual adoption pay\n\n- contractual redundancy pay\n\nStatutory pay is money that your employees are entitled to by law. Contractual pay is what you agree with your employees in addition to statutory pay.\n\n## What does not count as earnings\n\nYou cannot make a deduction from any of the following:\n\n- amounts paid by a department of the government of Northern Ireland or any country outside the UK\n\n- any social security pension, allowance or benefit\n\n- tax credits\n\n- any pension or allowance paid for disability\n\n- guaranteed minimum pension within the Social Security Pensions Act 1975\n\n- Statutory Maternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Paternity Pay\n\n- Statutory Adoption Pay\n\n- Statutory Redundancy Pay\n\n## Making payments\n\nThe order that you get for the employee will tell you whether you have to pay:\n\n- the magistrates\u2019 court\n\n- the Centralised Attachment of Earnings Payments (CAPS) office\n\n## Tell your employee each time\n\nYou must tell your employee in writing about each deduction. Do this when you give them their payslip.\n\n## Paying the magistrates\u2019 court\n\nSend a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts & Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\nYou can pay with a single cheque if you\u2019re paying 2 or more orders issued by the same court.\n\nSome courts let you pay by Bacs transfer. Contact the court for their account details if you want to pay this way.\n\nWhen you send the payment, you must include a note of:\n\n- the employer name\n\n- the employee\u2019s name\n\n- the case number from the order\n\n- how much money you\u2019re sending\n\n## Paying the CAPS office\n\nYou can only pay by:\n\n- cheque\n\n- Bacs transfer\n\nYou cannot pay by standing order or Direct Debit.\n\n## Pay CAPS by cheque\n\nSend a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts & Tribunals Service\u2019 to CAPS.\n\n## Pay CAPS by Bacs\n\nYou must register before you can pay by Bacs. Download and fill in the registration form and email it to ntonbacs@justice.gov.uk.\n\nTo make a Bacs payment, send:\n\n- a bank payment request form to your bank\n\n- the Bacs payment schedule form to ntonbacs@justice.gov.uk\n\nThe payment will be sent back if you do not fill in the schedule correctly. You can be fined if you do not send the schedule.\n\n## Contact CAPS about a payment\n\nYou need to give these details when you contact CAPS about a payment:\n\n- case number\n\n- your name (as stated on your bank statement)\n\n- your bank account number\n\n- your sort code\n\n- amount of payment\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nWrite to the Centralised Attachment of Earning Payments (CAPS) office within 10 days if the employee stops working for you.\n\nInclude the:\n\n- court case number\n\n- attachment of earnings order number\n\n- name of the employee\n\n- date they stopped working for you\n\n- name of their new employer (if you know it)\n\n## The court changes the order\n\nThe County Court Money Claims Centre will tell you in writing if the normal deduction rate or protected earnings rate changes. They can change it for 4 weeks.\n\nWhen the 4 weeks is over, you have to go back to the original rates in the order.\n\n## The court cancels the order\n\nThe County Court Money Claims Centre will tell you in writing if the order has been \u2018discharged\u2019 (cancelled).\n\nYou can still make the deduction if you\u2019re due to pay your employee within the next 7 days. Your employee will get a refund from CAPS.\n\nYou must stop making deductions if you\u2019re due to pay your employee 7 days after you got the cancellation notice.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/debt-deductions-from-employee-pay", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I work as a salaried (plus commissions) employee at a car dealership in Birmingham. I have unpaid debts to a finance company, who obtained a CCJ against me. The court has now sent a non-priority attachment of earnings order to both my employer and myself.", + "original_question": "Can my employer deduct from my commissions and performance-related bonuses as well as my base salary?" + }, + { + "id": "train-800", + "question": "Scenario: I run a small hardware store in Birmingham, England. Most of my employees are paid an annual salary and bonus, which fully complies with minimum wage requirements. However, the unpredictable nature of retail means that overtime hours are frequently required (in excess of those stipulated in their contracts of employment).\n\nQuestion: Does the minimum wage rate also apply to any overtime hours that an employee works?\n\nDocument - Minimum wage for different types of work:\n## Overview\n\nThe National Minimum Wage is worked out at an hourly rate, but it applies to all eligible workers even if they\u2019re not paid by the hour.\n\nThis means that, however someone gets paid, they still need to work out their equivalent hourly rate to see if they\u2019re getting the minimum wage.\n\nThere are different ways of checking that workers get the minimum wage depending on whether they are:\n\n- paid by the hour (known as \u2018time work\u2019)\n\n- paid an annual salary, under a contract for a basic number of hours each year (known as \u2018salaried hours\u2019)\n\n- paid by the piece - the number of things they make, or tasks they complete (known as \u2018output work\u2019)\n\n- paid in other ways (known as \u2018unmeasured work\u2019)\n\nUse the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if payments are over the minimum wage.\n\n## What counts as working time\n\nFor all types of work, include time spent:\n\n- at work and required to be working, or on standby near the workplace (but do not include rest breaks that are taken)\n\n- not working because of machine breakdown, but kept at the workplace\n\n- waiting to collect goods, meet someone for work or start a job\n\n- travelling in connection with work, including travelling from one work assignment to another\n\n- training or travelling to training\n\n- at work and under certain work-related responsibilities even when workers are allowed to sleep (whether or not a place to sleep is provided)\n\nDo not include time spent:\n\n- travelling between home and work\n\n- away from work on rest breaks, holidays, sick leave or maternity leave\n\n- on industrial action\n\n- not working but at the workplace or available for work at or near the workplace during a time when workers are allowed to sleep (and you provide a place to sleep)\n\nCall the Acas helpline for advice about the National Minimum Wage.\n\n## Paid by the hour\n\nWorkers paid according to the number of hours they are at work are classed as doing \u2018time work\u2019.\n\nFor these workers, the average hourly pay has to be at least the National Minimum Wage, worked out over the period each pay packet covers - so for a worker who gets paid once a month, this period will be 1 month.\n\nUse the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if payments are at least at the minimum wage.\n\n## Paid an annual salary\n\nMost people paid an annual salary are classed as doing \u2018salaried hours work\u2019.\n\nTo find out if they are getting the minimum wage you must work out how many basic hours they work in return for their salary.\n\nSomeone is usually doing salaried hours work if all of the following apply:\n\n- their contract states how many hours they must work in return for their salary (their basic hours)\n\n- they\u2019re paid in equal, regular instalments through the year, for example monthly or every 4 weeks\n\n- there is no more than a month between each payment\n\n- they do not get paid more than once a week\n\nIf someone is paid monthly they do not need to be paid exactly the same amount each month, but they must get the same total amount every 3 months (each quarter of the year).\n\nSalaried hours workers\u2019 contracts might not state the total number of basic hours the worker must work over the entire year, but you must be able to work this out from the contract.\n\nFor example, if a contract states the days of the week someone is expected to work and the basic hours for each day, you can use this to work out the total basic hours someone is expected to work over the year.\n\nYou can then use this figure to make sure the rate of pay is at least the minimum wage.\n\n## Work out the hourly rate\n\n- Find the basic annual hours in the worker\u2019s contract.\n\n- Divide this by the number of times they get paid each year (for example 12 if they get paid monthly) - this gives you the average number of hours covered by each pay packet.\n\n- Divide the amount they get in each pay packet by this number (average hours). This gives you the worker\u2019s hourly rate.\n\nIf you know how many basic hours someone works for each payment they get, you can use the National Minimum Wage calculator to check if they\u2019re paid the minimum wage.\n\n## Extra hours\n\nEmployers must pay at least the minimum wage for any hours worked in addition to what\u2019s agreed in the worker\u2019s contract.\n\n## Other salaried workers\n\nSome people paid a salary may not be salaried hours workers, for example if there is more than a month between each payment.\n\nThese people are usually classed as doing \u2018time work\u2019 when working out if they are paid minimum wage or not.\n\n## Paid per task or piece of work done\n\nWorkers paid per task they perform or piece of work they do (known as piece work) are classed as doing \u2018output work\u2019.\n\nThey must be paid either:\n\n- at least the minimum wage for every hour worked\n\n- a \u2018fair rate\u2019 for each task or piece of work they do\n\nOutput work can usually only be used in limited situations when the employer does not know which hours the worker does (such as with some home workers).\n\nThe work is not classed as output work if the employer sets either:\n\n- a minimum or maximum time the worker must work\n\n- the start and finish times for a period of work\n\nIf the employer sets the times of work this counts as \u2018time work\u2019.\n\n## Fair rate\n\nThe fair rate is the amount that must be paid for each piece of work, to make sure someone working at an average speed is paid at least the minimum wage per hour.\n\nThere is a way to work out the fair rate per piece of work done which employers must follow.\n\n## Work out the average rate of work per hour\n\nEmployers must carry out a fair test to find out how many tasks or pieces an average worker completes in an hour (the average rate of work).\n\n- Test some or all of the workers. The group you test must be typical of the whole workforce - not just the most efficient or fastest ones.\n\n- Work out how many pieces of work have been completed in a normal working hour.\n\n- Divide this by the number of workers to work out the average rate.\n\n- If the work changes significantly, do another test to work out the new average rate. It\u2019s not necessary to do another test if the same work is being done in a different environment, for example work previously done in a factory being done at home.\n\n## Work out the fair rate\n\n- Divide the average rate of work by 1.2 (this means new workers will not be disadvantaged if they\u2019re not as fast as the others yet).\n\n- Divide the hourly minimum wage rate by that number to work out the fair rate for each piece of work completed.\n\nIf an agricultural worker was employed before 2013 or is in Wales, they may be entitled to the Agricultural Minimum Wage. There are also different rules and rates for agricultural workers in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Give notice of fair rate\n\nTo use a fair rate an employer must give each worker a written notice before they start work for the first time.\n\nThe notice must:\n\n- say that the worker will be paid for producing a piece of work or completing a task, for example picking a certain amount of fruit\n\n- say that to calculate whether minimum wage is being paid it\u2019s assumed the task will take an average time to complete\n\n- confirm if the average time to complete the task has been tested or is an estimate\n\n- say how many tasks or pieces of work it\u2019s assumed someone can complete in an hour\n\n- give the amount to be paid for each piece that the worker completes\n\n- include the ACAS helpline number, which is 0300 123 1100\n\nIf employers do not give a worker a complete notice then the worker is entitled to be paid by the hour instead.\n\n## Paid in other ways (unmeasured work)\n\nIf the work is not covered by any of the other types of work, it\u2019s \u2018unmeasured work\u2019.\n\nUnmeasured work includes being paid a set amount to do a particular task, for instance being paid \u00a3500 to lay a patio, regardless of how long it takes.\n\nTo work out the minimum wage for unmeasured work, either:\n\n- record every hour worked and use the National Minimum Wage calculator to make sure the worker gets the minimum wage\n\n- make a \u2018daily average agreement of hours\u2019\n\n## Daily average agreement of hours\n\nThis is when the employer and worker agree a typical number of hours per day they expect to work on average. One agreement can cover several pay reference periods (for example, weeks if the worker\u2019s paid weekly) if there\u2019s no change in the average number of hours.\n\nDaily average agreements of hours must:\n\n- be agreed in writing\n\n- be made before the start of the pay reference period they cover\n\n- say how many hours the work should take each day (on average)\n\nThe employer must be able to prove that the number of hours worked on average is realistic.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minimum-wage-different-types-work", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a small hardware store in Birmingham, England. Most of my employees are paid an annual salary and bonus, which fully complies with minimum wage requirements. However, the unpredictable nature of retail means that overtime hours are frequently required (in excess of those stipulated in their contracts of employment).", + "original_question": "Does the minimum wage rate also apply to any overtime hours that an employee works?" + }, + { + "id": "train-801", + "question": "Scenario: I am 20, and currently in the middle of the first term of the final year of a degree course at a college in the west of England. After attending a routine medical check-up yesterday I was told that I have a malignant melanoma, which will require both immediate surgery and then 6-8 weeks of chemotherapy. The latter will likely seriously impair my ability to study effectively.\n\nQuestion: If I suspend my studies for the duration of the chemotherapy, can I get a maintenance loan to cover my needs during the period of suspension?\n\nDocument - Student finance if you suspend or leave your course:\n## Overview\n\nIf you leave or suspend your studies you must:\n\n- stop your student finance\n\n- repay any student finance you are not entitled to\n\nYour student finance includes:\n\n- Maintenance Loans\n\n- Tuition Fee Loans\n\n- grants and bursaries\n\nHow much you need to repay and when you need to repay it depends on:\n\n- what type of student finance you have\n\n- when in the academic year you leave your course\n\n- whether you\u2019re planning to return to your course or not\n\nIf you suspend because of illness or another serious personal reason, you might still be able to get student finance while you\u2019re away.\n\n## Stopping your student finance\n\nYou must stop your student finance payments as soon as you decide to suspend your studies or leave your course early.\n\nThis will reduce any repayments you may need to make.\n\nStudent finance covers:\n\n- Maintenance Loans\n\n- Tuition Fee Loans\n\n- grants and bursaries\n\n## How to stop your student finance payments\n\nYou must:\n\n- tell your university or college that you\u2019re leaving or suspending your course\n\n- contact Student Finance England if you\u2019re a student from England\n\nThe way to make contact is different if you\u2019re a student from:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nIf you suspend your studies you can usually postpone your student finance payments until you return.\n\n## Repaying your student finance\n\nHow much and when you have to repay depends on:\n\n- the type of student finance you have\n\n- when in the academic year you leave your course\n\n- whether you\u2019re planning to return to your course or not\n\nYour university or college will tell your student finance provider the date you finished your studies.\n\n## Maintenance Loans\n\nYour student finance provider will reassess your Maintenance Loan based on the number of days you attended your course.\n\nIf any of your loan covers the period after you\u2019ve left your course, this counts as an overpayment and you\u2019ll need to repay it straight away.\n\nThe Student Loans Company will write and tell you how much you must repay. If you cannot repay the full amount, you can ask them to set up a repayment plan.\n\nThe rest of your Maintenance Loan is repaid in the usual way once you start earning over the threshold amount.\n\n## If you\u2019re planning to return to your studies\n\nThe amount you were overpaid will usually be taken off your student finance payments when you return, so you do not have to repay straight away.\n\n## Grants and bursaries\n\nIf any of your grant or bursary covers the period after you\u2019ve left your course, this counts as an overpayment and you\u2019ll need to repay it straight away.\n\nThere are exceptions for:\n\n- childcare grants taken in or after the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n- grants taken in or before the 2016 to 2017 academic year\n\nYou do not have to pay back overpayments on these grants until you\u2019ve finished your course.\n\n## Tuition Fee Loans\n\nYou\u2019ll need to repay at least some of your Tuition Fee loan for the year that you suspend or leave your course.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay back:\n\n- 25% of the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 1\n\n- 50% of the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 2\n\n- all the loan for the year if you suspend or leave in term 3\n\nThis is repaid in the usual way once you start earning over the threshold amount.\n\n## Getting student finance while you suspend your studies\n\nYou might be able to get student finance while you\u2019re away from your course if you suspend due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason.\n\nYou might also be able to get Disabled Students\u2019 Allowances.\n\nYou can apply for funding if you return to your studies.\n\n## If you suspend because you\u2019re seriously ill\n\nYou might be able to get a Maintenance Loan for 60 days after you suspend your course.\n\nYour university or college must tell the Student Loans Company (SLC) about your situation.\n\n## Apply for extra money\n\nIf you\u2019re having financial difficulties after 60 days you might be able to get more Maintenance Loan.\n\nApply to Student Finance England with:\n\n- a covering letter explaining your situation, including your customer reference number\n\n- evidence to support your claim, such as a bank statement or copy of your tenancy agreement\n\nThe address you send your application to is different if you\u2019re a student from:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nYou might also be able to get extra money from your university or college hardship fund.\n\n## If you suspend for another serious personal reason\n\nYou might still be able to get a Maintenance Loan for some or all the time you\u2019re away from your studies.\n\nApply to Student Finance England with:\n\n- a letter explaining why you have to suspend your course, including your customer reference number and the academic year it relates to\n\n- evidence to support your claim\n\nSupporting evidence includes things like:\n\n- a letter from your doctor or social services\n\n- a letter from your university or college\n\n- a bank statement\n\nThe address you send your application to is different if you\u2019re a student from:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nYou might need to send more than one piece of evidence.\n\nSLC will send you a letter explaining how much loan money you can get. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/student-finance-if-you-suspend-or-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 20, and currently in the middle of the first term of the final year of a degree course at a college in the west of England. After attending a routine medical check-up yesterday I was told that I have a malignant melanoma, which will require both immediate surgery and then 6-8 weeks of chemotherapy. The latter will likely seriously impair my ability to study effectively.", + "original_question": "If I suspend my studies for the duration of the chemotherapy, can I get a maintenance loan to cover my needs during the period of suspension?" + }, + { + "id": "train-804", + "question": "Scenario: I am 37, and for the past year have worked without taking any of my holiday entitlement from my employer of 7 years standing, in an ultimately futile effort to help them stave off insolvency. Nevertheless, my employer is set to be declared insolvent later this week.\n\nQuestion: If I am made redundant, can I claim payment for all the unused holiday entitlement?\n\nDocument - Your rights if your employer is insolvent:\n## Overview\n\nYour employer is insolvent if it cannot pay its debts.\n\nThey might:\n\n- make you redundant\n\n- ask you to keep working\n\n- transfer you to a new employer (if the business has been sold)\n\nThere are different types of insolvency:\n\n- administration\n\n- liquidation\n\n- bankruptcy\n\n- receivership\n\n- company voluntary arrangement\n\n- individual voluntary arrangement\n\n- debt relief order\n\nCheck if your employer is insolvent.\n\nDepending on your situation, you can apply to the government for:\n\n- a redundancy payment\n\n- holiday pay\n\n- outstanding payments like unpaid wages, overtime and commission\n\n- money you would have earned working your notice period (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)\n\nYou may be eligible for unemployment benefits if you lose your job. If you do not apply for benefits after you lose your job, you might get less money in your statutory notice pay payment.\n\n## Your rights\n\nYou have different rights depending on whether your employer:\n\n- makes you redundant (dismisses you)\n\n- asks you to keep working\n\n- transfers you to a new employer (if the business has been sold)\n\nYour employer must have a consultation about why redundancies are happening and if there are any alternatives - they do not have to consult you directly.\n\n## If you\u2019re made redundant\n\nYou\u2019re made redundant if you\u2019re dismissed from your job.\n\nThe person who is dealing with the insolvency (the \u2018insolvency practitioner\u2019 or \u2018official receiver\u2019) must tell you how your job is affected and what to do next.\n\nThey\u2019ll also give you a:\n\n- RP1 fact sheet\n\n- \u2018CN\u2019 (case reference) number to use when you apply for money you\u2019re owed\n\nYou can apply to the government for:\n\n- a redundancy payment\n\n- holiday pay\n\n- outstanding payments like unpaid wages, overtime and commission\n\n- money you would have earned working your notice period (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)\n\nBusinesses can go through more than one insolvency. You cannot claim outstanding payments between the day of the first insolvency and the day you were dismissed, even if you did not know about the previous insolvency.\n\nYou can also apply to the court for compensation if you think you were dismissed unfairly or not consulted properly.\n\n## Compensation because you were dismissed unfairly\n\nYou can make a claim to the employment tribunal if:\n\n- you were dismissed unfairly (\u2018basic award\u2019)\n\n- there was not a consultation about your redundancy (\u2018protective award\u2019)\n\nYou\u2019ll be claiming against the Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy and your former employer (\u2018the respondents\u2019).\n\n## If you continue working after the insolvency\n\nYou might be asked to continue working for your employer after they become insolvent.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be eligible to claim for redundancy pay and other money you\u2019re owed if you\u2019re made redundant at a later date.\n\nYou cannot claim holiday pay, wages, bonuses or commission that you\u2019re owed between the day of the insolvency and the day you were dismissed.\n\n## If you\u2019re transferred to a new employer\n\nYou cannot claim any money from the government if you were transferred before your former employer became insolvent.\n\nIf you were transferred afterwards, you can apply for redundancy pay, statutory notice pay and outstanding payments such holiday pay, wages, commission and bonuses.\n\n## What you can get\n\nWhat money you\u2019re entitled to depends on:\n\n- how long you were employed\n\n- what was in your employment contract\n\n- your age\n\nPayments are capped.\n\n## Redundancy pay\n\nYou\u2019re normally entitled to redundancy pay if you:\n\n- have been made redundant\n\n- were an employee\n\n- were continuously employed by the insolvent business for 2 years or more\n\nYou\u2019ll get:\n\n- half a week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and under 22 years old\n\n- one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and between 22 and 40 years old\n\n- one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and 41 or older\n\nRedundancy payments are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).\n\nYou can get a payment for a maximum of 20 years that you were employed at the business.\n\nCalculate your redundancy pay.\n\n## Wages and other money you\u2019re owed\n\nYou can apply for unpaid wages and other money you\u2019re owed by your employer, for example bonuses, overtime and commission.\n\nYou\u2019re only entitled to money that\u2019s in your employment contract.\n\nYou\u2019ll get up to 8 weeks of money you\u2019re owed. It counts as a week even if you\u2019re only owed money for a few days.\n\nPayments for wages and other money you\u2019re owed are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).\n\nYou pay income tax and National Insurance when you get unpaid wages and other money you\u2019re owed. You might be able to claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nYou can get paid for:\n\n- holiday days owed that you did not take (\u2018holiday pay accrued\u2019)\n\n- holiday days you took but were not paid for (\u2018holiday pay taken\u2019)\n\nYou\u2019re only paid for holidays you took or accrued in the 12 months before your employer became insolvent.\n\nYou\u2019ll only get payments for up to 6 weeks of holiday days. Holiday pay is capped at \u00a3544 per week (\u00a3538 per week if your employer went insolvent before 6 April 2021).\n\nYou pay income tax and National Insurance on your holiday payment. You might be able to claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much.\n\n## Statutory notice pay\n\nYou\u2019re entitled to a paid notice period when you\u2019re made redundant, even if it is not in your contract.\n\nYou can claim for statutory notice pay if you:\n\n- did not work a notice period\n\n- worked some of your notice period\n\n- worked an unpaid notice period\n\nYour statutory notice pay is worked out as one week\u2019s notice for every year you were employed, up to a maximum of twelve weeks.\n\nPayments are capped at \u00a3544 per week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).\n\n## Pension contributions\n\nContact the insolvency practitioner or official receiver if you\u2019re missing contributions to your pension.\n\n## Apply for money you're owed\n\nYou\u2019re eligible to apply if:\n\n- you were an employee\n\n- you\u2019re a UK or EEA national (or a foreign national with permission to work in the UK)\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible (for example you\u2019re a contractor) register as a creditor instead.\n\n- Apply for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday within 6 months of being dismissed. You request to claim for loss of notice pay (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019) in your application.\n\n- If you requested to claim statutory notice pay, you\u2019ll get sent a letter telling you when you can apply.\n\n## Claiming for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday pay\n\nYou can apply as soon as you\u2019ve been made redundant. The person dealing with the insolvency (the \u2018insolvency practitioner\u2019 or \u2018official receiver\u2019) will give you a \u2018CN\u2019 (case reference) number. You cannot claim without the CN number.\n\nYou must apply for redundancy pay within 6 months of being dismissed.\n\nThe application will ask if you want to apply for statutory notice pay. Choosing \u2018Yes\u2019 does not mean you\u2019ve applied. You\u2019ll be told when to apply.\n\nApply for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday online.\n\n## Claiming for loss of notice pay (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)\n\nYou need an \u2018LN\u2019 reference number to make a claim. It\u2019ll be sent after your notice period would have ended. This is usually no more than 12 weeks after you\u2019re dismissed.\n\nYou must apply for redundancy first - even if you\u2019re not owed any money.\n\nEmployees at the same business can have different notice periods.\n\nOnce you have the LN reference number, claim online for loss of notice.\n\nMoney you get (or could have got) by claiming benefits will be deducted from your payment.\n\n## Help completing the online forms\n\nContact the Redundancy Payments Service if you have queries about completing the online forms. You\u2019ll need your case reference number or National Insurance number.\n\nYou cannot currently call the Redundancy Payments Service.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIt usually takes up to 6 weeks to get your payment but can take longer.\n\nYour information will be checked against the employer\u2019s records, for example how much holiday you had accrued. You\u2019ll only get a payment if the records show you\u2019re owed money.\n\nAny benefits you\u2019re eligible to claim will be deducted from your statutory notice payment (even if you did not claim them).\n\n## If your application is rejected\n\nContact the Redundancy Payments Service - they\u2019ll explain why your claim was rejected.\n\nYou can make a claim to the employment tribunal if you disagree with the decision. You\u2019ll be claiming against the Secretary of State for Business Energy and Industrial Strategy and your former employer (\u2018the respondents\u2019).\n\n## Help and advice\n\nContact the Redundancy Payments Service if you need help. You\u2019ll need your case reference number or National Insurance number.\n\nYou cannot currently call the Redundancy Payments Service.\n\n## Help finding a new job\n\nContact your local Jobcentre Plus and ask for their Rapid Response Service for help finding a new job.\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the service for up to 13 weeks after you\u2019re made redundant. You must have started your notice period to be eligible.\n\nGet help to find a new job, improve your skills and claim benefits.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-if-your-employer-is-insolvent", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 37, and for the past year have worked without taking any of my holiday entitlement from my employer of 7 years standing, in an ultimately futile effort to help them stave off insolvency. Nevertheless, my employer is set to be declared insolvent later this week.", + "original_question": "If I am made redundant, can I claim payment for all the unused holiday entitlement?" + }, + { + "id": "train-806", + "question": "Scenario: I am an expatriate Uk citizen, who retired to Spain three years ago and has not returned since. I do, however, own the freehold on my old UK home and lease it to a tenant, and am now considering the purchase of two additional rental properties there as an investment.\n\nQuestion: Are the standard rates of SDLT for UK residents also applicable to purchases by non-residents?\n\nDocument - Stamp Duty Land Tax:\n## Overview\n\nYou must pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) if you buy a property or land over a certain price in England and Northern Ireland.\n\nThe tax is different if the property or land is in:\n\n- Scotland - pay Land and Buildings Transaction Tax\n\n- Wales - pay Land Transaction Tax if the sale was completed on or after 1 April 2018\n\nYou pay the tax when you:\n\n- buy a freehold property\n\n- buy a new or existing leasehold\n\n- buy a property through a shared ownership scheme\n\n- are transferred land or property in exchange for payment, for example you take on a mortgage or buy a share in a house\n\n## Thresholds\n\nThe threshold is where SDLT starts to apply. If you buy a property for less than the threshold, there\u2019s no SDLT to pay.\n\nThe current SDLT threshold for residential properties is \u00a3500,000. This changes on 1 July 2021.\n\nThe threshold for non-residential land and properties is \u00a3150,000.\n\n## Property purchases from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021\n\nThe SDLT thresholds will be:\n\n- \u00a3250,000 for residential properties\n\n- \u00a3150,000 for non-residential land and properties\n\nThe threshold for residential properties will change on 1 October 2021.\n\n## Property purchases from 1 October 2021\n\nThe SDLT thresholds will be:\n\n- \u00a3125,000 for residential properties\n\n- \u00a3150,000 for non-residential land and properties\n\nThese thresholds are the same as they were before 8 July 2020.\n\n## First-time buyers\n\nFrom 1 July 2021, you\u2019ll get a discount (relief) that means you\u2019ll pay less or no tax if both the following apply:\n\n- you, and anyone else you\u2019re buying with, are first-time buyers\n\n- the purchase price is \u00a3500,000 or less\n\nYou\u2019ll also be eligible for this discount if you bought your first home before 8 July 2020.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nHow much you pay depends on whether the land or property is residential or non-residential or mixed-use.\n\nIf you\u2019re buying a residential property there are different rates of SDLT if:\n\n- you\u2019re a first-time buyer\n\n- you already own a property and you\u2019re buying an additional property\n\n- you\u2019re not a UK resident\n\nYou can use HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) Stamp Duty Land Tax calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\nYou may be able to reduce the amount of tax you pay by claiming relief, such as if you\u2019re a first-time buyer or purchasing more than one property (\u2018multiple dwellings\u2019).\n\n## The value you pay SDLT on (the \u2018consideration\u2019)\n\nThe total value you pay SDLT on (sometimes called the \u2018consideration\u2019) is usually the price you pay for the property or land.\n\nSometimes it might include another type of payment like:\n\n- goods\n\n- works or services\n\n- release from a debt\n\n- transfer of a debt, including the value of any outstanding mortgage\n\nFind out how to work out the consideration if your situation is complicated.\n\n## How and when to pay\n\nYou must send an SDLT return to HMRC and pay the tax within 14 days of completion.\n\nIf you have a solicitor, agent or conveyancer, they\u2019ll usually file your return and pay the tax on your behalf on the day of completion and add the amount to their fees. They\u2019ll also claim any relief you\u2019re eligible for, such as if you\u2019re a first-time buyer.\n\nIf they do not do this for you, you can file a return and pay the tax yourself.\n\nThere are certain situations where you do not need to send a return.\n\nYou may be charged penalties and interest if you do not file your return and make your payment within 14 days of completion.\n\n## Residential property rates\n\nYou usually pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) on increasing portions of the property price when you buy residential property, for example a house or flat. SDLT only applies to properties over a certain value.\n\nThe amount you pay depends on:\n\n- when you bought the property\n\n- how much you paid for it\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\nYou must send an SDLT return if you pay more than \u00a340,000 for a property - even if there\u2019s no SDLT due. There are some exemptions.\n\n## Rates from 8 July 2020 to 30 June 2021\n\nYou can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).\n\n| Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate |\n\n| Up to \u00a3500,000 | Zero |\n\n| The next \u00a3425,000 (the portion from \u00a3500,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5% |\n\n| The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10% |\n\n| The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12% |\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## Rates from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021\n\nYou can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).\n\n| Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate |\n\n| Up to \u00a3250,000 | Zero |\n\n| The next \u00a3675,000 (the portion from \u00a3250,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5% |\n\n| The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10% |\n\n| The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12% |\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## Rates from 1 October 2021\n\nThese rates also apply if you bought a property before 8 July 2020.\n\nYou can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).\n\n| Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate |\n\n| Up to \u00a3125,000 | Zero |\n\n| The next \u00a3125,000 (the portion from \u00a3125,001 to \u00a3250,000) | 2% |\n\n| The next \u00a3675,000 (the portion from \u00a3250,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5% |\n\n| The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10% |\n\n| The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12% |\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying your first home\n\nYou can claim a discount (relief) if you buy your first home before 8 July 2020 or from 1 July 2021. This means you\u2019ll pay:\n\n- no SDLT up to \u00a3300,000\n\n- 5% SDLT on the portion from \u00a3300,001 to \u00a3500,000\n\nYou\u2019re eligible if you and anyone else you\u2019re buying with are first-time buyers.\n\nIf the price is over \u00a3500,000, you follow the rules for people who\u2019ve bought a home before.\n\n## New leasehold sales and transfers\n\nWhen you buy a new residential leasehold property you pay SDLT on the purchase price of the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) using the rates above.\n\nIf the total rent over the life of the lease (known as the \u2018net present value\u2019) is more than the SDLT threshold), you\u2019ll pay SDLT at 1% on the portion of net present value over:\n\n- \u00a3500,000 for purchases from 8 July 2020 to 30 June 2021\n\n- \u00a3250,000 for purchases from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021\n\n- \u00a3125,000 for purchases from 1 October 2021\n\nThis does not apply to existing (\u2018assigned\u2019) leases.\n\nYou can work out how much SDLT you\u2019ll pay for your new residential lease using HMRC\u2019s:\n\n- SDLT calculator\n\n- guidance on leasehold purchases\n\n## Higher rates for additional properties\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay 3% on top of SDLT rates if buying a new residential property means you\u2019ll own more than one.\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\nYou may not have to pay the higher rates if you exchanged contracts before 26 November 2015.\n\n## If you\u2019re replacing your main residence\n\nYou will not pay the extra 3% SDLT if the property you\u2019re buying is replacing your main residence and that has already been sold.\n\nIf you have not sold your main residence on the day you complete your new purchase you\u2019ll have to pay higher rates. This is because you own 2 properties.\n\nYou can apply for a refund if you sell your previous main home within 36 months.\n\nThere are special rules if you own property with someone else or already own a property outside England, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## If it takes longer than 36 months to sell your previous main home\n\nYou may still be able to get a refund of the extra 3% SDLT if:\n\n- you purchased your new home on or after 1 January 2017\n\n- the delay was outside your control, for example because of coronavirus (COVID-19) or a public authority blocking the sale\n\n- you have now sold your old home\n\nTo claim a refund, write to HMRC and explain why the sale took longer than 36 months.\n\nInclude:\n\n- your details\n\n- details of the main buyer - if different to your own\n\n- details of the property where higher rate SDLT was paid - including the address, date of purchase and SDLT unique transaction reference number\n\n- details of the previous main residence - including the address, date of sale and SDLT unique transaction reference number\n\n- the amount of higher rate SDLT paid\n\n- the amount of tax you\u2019re asking for a repayment of\n\n- a bank account and sort code for the person receiving the payment\n\n## Rates if you\u2019re not a UK resident\n\nIf you\u2019re not present in the UK for at least 183 days (6 months) during the 12 months before your purchase you are \u2018not a UK resident\u2019 for the purposes of SDLT.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually pay a 2% surcharge if you\u2019re buying a residential property in England or Northern Ireland on or after 1 April 2021.\n\nYou may not have to pay a surcharge on certain properties, transactions or if you\u2019re a particular type of buyer. Check the rules on who has to pay the surcharge, when you do not have to pay, and if you can claim relief.\n\nIf you have to pay the surcharge, you\u2019ll also have to pay any other rates of SDLT that apply, for example:\n\n- if you already own a property and you\u2019re buying an additional property\n\n- if you\u2019re a first-time buyer\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## Special rates\n\nThere are different SDLT rules and rate calculations for:\n\n- corporate bodies\n\n- people buying 6 or more residential properties in one transaction\n\n- shared ownership properties\n\n- multiple purchases or transfers between the same buyer and seller (\u2018linked purchases\u2019)\n\n- purchases that mean you own more than one property\n\n- companies and trusts buying residential property\n\n## Rates for non-residential and mixed land and property\n\nYou pay SDLT on increasing portions of the property price (or \u2018consideration\u2019) when you pay \u00a3150,000 or more for non-residential or mixed (also known as \u2018mixed use\u2019) land or property.\n\nYou must still send an SDLT return for most transactions under \u00a3150,000.\n\nNon-residential property includes:\n\n- commercial property, for example shops or offices\n\n- property that isn\u2019t suitable to be lived in\n\n- forests\n\n- agricultural land that\u2019s part of a working farm or used for agricultural reasons\n\n- any other land or property that is not part of a dwelling\u2019s garden or grounds\n\n- 6 or more residential properties bought in a single transaction\n\nYou pay residential SDLT rates on agricultural land if it\u2019s sold as part of the garden or grounds of a dwelling, for example a cottage with fields.\n\nA \u2018mixed\u2019 property is one that has both residential and non-residential elements, for example a flat connected to a shop, doctor\u2019s surgery or office.\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## Freehold sales and transfers\n\nYou can also use this table to work out the SDLT rate for a lease premium.\n\n| |\n\n| Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate |\n\n| Up to \u00a3150,000 | Zero |\n\n| The next \u00a3100,000 (the portion from \u00a3150,001 to \u00a3250,000) | 2% |\n\n| The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a3250,000) | 5% |\n\n## New leasehold sales and transfers\n\nWhen you buy a new non-residential or mixed leasehold you pay SDLT on both the:\n\n- purchase price of the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) using the rates above\n\n- value of the annual rent you pay (the \u2018net present value\u2019)\n\nThese are calculated separately then added together.\n\nIf you buy an existing (\u2018assigned\u2019) lease, you only pay SDLT on the lease price (or \u2018consideration\u2019).\n\nThe net present value (NPV) is based on the total rent over the life of the lease. You do not pay SDLT on the rent if the NPV is less than \u00a3150,000.\n\n| Net present value of rent | SDLT rate |\n\n| \u00a30 to \u00a3150,000 | Zero |\n\n| The portion from \u00a3150,001 to \u00a35,000,000 | 1% |\n\n| The portion above \u00a35,000,000 | 2% |\n\n## How much you\u2019ll pay\n\nYou can work out how much SDLT you\u2019ll pay for your non-residential lease using HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC):\n\n- SDLT calculator\n\n- guidance on buying leasehold properties\n\nYou may pay a higher rate of SDLT for multiple purchases or transfers from the same seller.\n\n## Using previous SDLT rates\n\nYou may qualify for previous SDLT rates if you exchanged contracts before 17 March 2016 but completed on or after that date.\n\nIf you qualify for the previous rates, you can choose to pay SDLT using the current or previous rates.\n\nUse HMRC\u2019s SDLT calculator to work out if you qualify and how much you\u2019ll pay using both rates.\n\nEnter the figure for the rate you choose in your SDLT return.\n\n## Land and property transfers\n\nYou may have to pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) if the ownership of land or property is transferred to you in exchange for any payment or \u2018consideration\u2019.\n\nThe rules around SDLT depend on the specific circumstances surrounding the transfer.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on transfers:\n\n- as a result of marriage, civil partnerships or moving in together\n\n- on divorce, separation or the end of a civil partnership\n\n- of jointly owned property or land\n\n- if the larger share is given as a gift\n\n- given as a gift or left in a will\n\n- to or from a company\n\n## Shared ownership property\n\nYou may have to pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) when you buy a property through a shared ownership scheme run by an approved public body.\n\nThis includes:\n\n- local housing authorities\n\n- housing associations\n\n- housing action trusts\n\n- the Northern Ireland Housing Executive\n\n- the Commission for the New Towns\n\n- development corporations\n\nYou can choose to either:\n\n- make a one-off payment based on the market value of the property (\u2018market value election\u2019)\n\n- pay SDLT in stages\n\n## Market value election\n\nSubmit a return and pay SDLT at the residential rate. Use the total market value of the property to calculate how much to pay - even if you\u2019re only buying a share.\n\nYou do not pay any more SDLT after this, even if you buy a bigger share in the property later on.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on SDLT if you do not have the right to the freehold.\n\n## Paying in stages\n\nYou make your first SDLT payment on the price you pay for the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) if it\u2019s above the SDLT threshold. If the lease premium is below the threshold, you do not pay SDLT at this point - but you still have to submit a return.\n\nYou may have to pay extra SDLT if the total rent over the life of the lease (known as the \u2018net present value\u2019) is more than the SDLT threshold.\n\nWork this out on HMRC\u2019s SDLT calculator. You pay SDLT of 1% on the amount over the threshold - add this to any SDLT you\u2019re paying on the lease premium.\n\n## SDLT if you buy more shares\n\nIf you buy any more shares in the property, you do not have to pay any more SDLT or send a return to HMRC until you own more than an 80% share.\n\nOnce your share of the property goes over 80% you must send a return and pay SDLT on:\n\n- the transaction that took you over 80%\n\n- any transactions after that\n\n## Calculating your SDLT\n\nTo work out the SDLT if you buy more shares that take you over 80%:\n\n- Work out the SDLT due on the total you\u2019ve paid for the property to date - include any amounts you did not pay tax on. Use the SDLT rate that applies at the time you bought the new share. For example, if your total purchases before 8 July 2020 were \u00a3160,000, the SDLT due would be \u00a3700.\n\n- Divide the amount you\u2019re paying for this share by the total amount you\u2019ve paid for the property to date. For example, if you\u2019re paying \u00a340,000 for this share, divide \u00a340,000 by \u00a3160,000 = 0.25.\n\n- Multiply the two figures, for example SDLT of \u00a3700 multiplied by 0.25 = \u00a3175. This is the amount you would need to pay in SDLT for this share.\n\nIf you\u2019ve paid less than \u00a3500,000 for your property between 8 July 2020 and 30 June 2021, or less than \u00a3250,000 between 1 July 2021 and 30 September 2021, the amount of SDLT you\u2019d need to pay on any additional shares would be zero. This is because of the temporary SDLT rate.\n\n## Additional tax if payments are linked\n\nYou may have to pay extra SDLT on previous shares if they become \u2018linked\u2019 to later shares. Shares only become linked once you own over 80% of the property.\n\nYou can read more about paying SDLT when you buy more shares.\n\n## Reliefs and exemptions\n\nYou may be eligible for Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) reliefs if you\u2019re buying your first home and in certain other situations. These reliefs can reduce the amount of tax you pay.\n\nYou must complete an SDLT return to claim relief, even if no tax is due.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on SDLT reliefs for:\n\n- first-time buyers\n\n- multiple dwellings\n\n- building companies buying an individual\u2019s home\n\n- employers buying an employee\u2019s house\n\n- local authorities making compulsory purchases\n\n- property developers providing amenities to communities\n\n- companies transferring property to another company\n\n- charities\n\n- right to buy properties\n\n- registered social landlords\n\n- Crown employees\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not have to pay SDLT or file a return if:\n\n- no money or other payment changes hands for a land or property transfer\n\n- property is left to you in a will\n\n- property is transferred because of divorce or dissolution of a civil partnership\n\n- you buy a freehold property for less than \u00a340,000\n\n- you buy a new or assigned lease of 7 years or more, as long as the premium is less than \u00a340,000 and the annual rent is less than \u00a31,000\n\n- you buy a new or assigned lease of less than 7 years, as long as the amount you pay is less than the residential or non-residential SDLT threshold\n\n- you use alternative property financial arrangements, for example to comply with Sharia law\n\nRead HMRC\u2019s guidance on transactions that do not need a return.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stamp-duty-land-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an expatriate Uk citizen, who retired to Spain three years ago and has not returned since. I do, however, own the freehold on my old UK home and lease it to a tenant, and am now considering the purchase of two additional rental properties there as an investment.", + "original_question": "Are the standard rates of SDLT for UK residents also applicable to purchases by non-residents?" + }, + { + "id": "train-808", + "question": "Scenario: I have just inherited the lease on a property near Devizes, England from my late grandfather, who sadly passed away last month. The lease appears to have just over six years left to run.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to register the change of ownership of the lease with the land registry?\n\nDocument - Registering land or property with HM Land Registry:\n## When you must register\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou must register all land or property with HM Land Registry if you\u2019ve:\n\n- bought it\n\n- been given it\n\n- inherited it\n\n- received it in exchange for other property or land\n\n- mortgaged the property\n\nYou do not usually need to register leasehold land or property if there are 7 years or less on the lease when you take ownership.\n\nYou must register your land with the Rural Land Register as well as HM Land Registry if you own agricultural land.\n\nYour property might not be registered if you owned it before 1990 and have not mortgaged it since. Check if your property\u2019s registered.\n\nYou must tell HM Land Registry if you transfer ownership of your registered property to someone else.\n\n## Once you\u2019re registered\n\nHM Land Registry publishes information online about most registered property, including:\n\n- the names of owners\n\n- the price paid for the property\n\n- a plan of the property\u2019s boundaries\n\nYou cannot opt out of your property information being published.\n\n## If you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland\n\nHM Land Registry only deals with land and property in England and Wales.\n\n## Scotland\n\nRegister your land or property with Registers of Scotland.\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nRegister your land or property with Land and Property Services.\n\n## Register for the first time\n\nLand or property must be registered for the first time if it\u2019s unregistered when you take ownership of it or mortgage it.\n\nEven if you do not have to register, registering voluntarily:\n\n- gives you proof of ownership\n\n- helps protect your land from fraud\n\n- makes it easier to change, sell or give your property away in the future\n\nYou can register property yourself or get a solicitor or conveyancer to do it for you.\n\n## Register land or property for the first time\n\n- Search the register to make sure your property is not already registered.\n\n- Apply for a search from the Land Charges Department to search against all previous owners since 1925. They will send you the results.\n\n- Fill in an application for first registration.\n\n- Prepare a scale plan showing where the land is outlined, if it\u2019s not shown in the deeds.\n\n- Find the forms you need depending on your circumstances and fill out 2 copies of the list of documents form.\n\n- Find out the correct registration fee - this depends on the value of your property.\n\n- Send your documents, forms and fee to HM Land Registry.\n\n## If you bought the property\n\nInclude the same forms as for registering for the first time and a \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form.\n\n## If you inherited the property\n\nInclude the same forms as for registering for the first time and include either:\n\n- a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will\n\n- a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share\n\nContact HM Land Registry if you\u2019re unsure which form you need.\n\n## Other documents you may need\n\nYou may also need to send:\n\n- a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer\n\n- a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry\n\n- a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)\n\n- a certified copy of the lease, if you\u2019re applying to register leasehold land or property\n\n## Transfer ownership of your property\n\nYou must tell HM Land Registry when you change the registered owner of your property, for example if you\u2019re transferring it into another person\u2019s name, or if you want to add your partner as a joint owner.\n\n- Download and fill in an application to change the register.\n\n- Fill in either a \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form, if you\u2019re transferring your whole property, or a \u2018transfer of part of registered title\u2019 form if you\u2019re only transferring part of your property.\n\n- Fill in a certificate of identity for a private individual.\n\n- Find out the correct fee. Use the \u2018Scale 2 fees\u2019 if you\u2019re transferring ownership of a property without selling it, for example as inheritance. Use the Land Registry fee calculator if you\u2019re transferring part or all of a property as a sale.\n\n- Send your documents, forms and fee to HM Land Registry.\n\n## Update or correct the register\n\nYou must tell HM Land Registry if anything in the register changes or it is incorrect.\n\n## Update or correct contact addresses\n\nYou can register up to 3 addresses (including email and non-UK addresses) with HM Land Registry for each property.\n\nTo change your contact details or those of other owners or agents send a request to update registered owners\u2019 contact address. You do not have to pay anything to do this.\n\n## Change your name\n\nYou must send HM Land Registry an application to change the register when you change your name. You do not have to pay anything to do this.\n\nHow to apply depends on which documents you can send that prove your name has changed. You\u2019ll get back any official certificates you send in after the register has been updated.\n\nUse application form AP1 if you have any of the following documents:\n\n- an official or certified copy of a certificate showing the name change, such as a marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\n- a copy of a deed poll\n\n- a statement of truth\n\n- a statutory declaration sworn before someone able to take oaths\n\nYou must also send additional proof if you\u2019re not sending a certificate or using a conveyancer (for example a solicitor). When you send from AP1, include both:\n\n- a filled-in confirmation of identity form in your new name\n\n- a copy of an official document in your former name, such as a passport, driving licence or utility bill\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your gender\n\nUse application form CNG if you have any of the following documents:\n\n- a gender recognition certificate\n\n- a new birth certificate\n\n- a letter from a UK-based medical practitioner (such as a doctor) confirming you\u2019ve changed gender\n\nSend the completed form and one of the documents to the address on the form. You must send original documents, not copies.\n\nIf you\u2019re sending a gender recognition certificate, write \u2018Private and confidential\u2019 on the envelope.\n\n## Returning to your original surname\n\nTo return to your original surname after a divorce or dissolution of a civil partnership send HM Land Registry:\n\n- application form AP1\n\n- a copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\nHM Land Registry will let you know if they need more information.\n\n## Stop your previous name being seen on old documents\n\nYour previous name will still appear on any documents that were filed with HM Land Registry before you changed your name. Previous names cannot be changed but you might be able to stop them from being copied or inspected by making an exempt document application.\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a312 per document for electronic applications - only businesses and organisations can apply electronically, for example conveyancers\n\n- \u00a325 per document for paper applications\n\nYou will need to fill in form EX1 and form EX1A.\n\n## Mortgage completion\n\nYou must tell HM Land Registry if a mortgage on a registered property is paid off (\u2018discharged\u2019).\n\nUsually your mortgage lender will do this for you automatically but they may send you a completed \u2018cancellation of charges\u2019 form.\n\nOnce you have this, fill in an application to \u2018cancel entries relating to a charge\u2019 and a confirmation of identity form.\n\nSend all forms to the Citizen Centre.\n\nHM Land Registry will update your details and tell you that the register has been updated.\n\n## Other changes\n\nTransfer ownership of your property if you\u2019ve:\n\n- sold it\n\n- divorced or separated and want to remove an owner\n\n- married and want to add an owner\n\n- given the property away\n\n## Send your requests\n\nSend completed forms to the HM Land Registry Citizen Centre.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just inherited the lease on a property near Devizes, England from my late grandfather, who sadly passed away last month. The lease appears to have just over six years left to run.", + "original_question": "Do I need to register the change of ownership of the lease with the land registry?" + }, + { + "id": "train-809", + "question": "Scenario: I own a lease on a small apartment in a block in London, England, and have been a tenant there for over 15 years. The lease is, however, due to expire in three months time and I am worried that the property company which owns the freehold may evict me.\n\nQuestion: Does the expiry of the lease also void my tenancy agreement with the landlord/freeholder?\n\nDocument - Leasehold property:\n## Overview\n\nYou only own a leasehold property for a fixed period of time.\n\nYou\u2019ll have a legal agreement with the landlord (sometimes known as the \u2018freeholder\u2019) called a \u2018lease\u2019. This tells you how many years you\u2019ll own the property.\n\nOwnership of the property returns to the landlord when the lease comes to an end.\n\nMost flats are leasehold. Houses can be leasehold too and usually are if they\u2019re bought through a shared ownership scheme.\n\nThe rules about leasehold property are different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Leaseholder rights and responsibilities\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour lease will tell you what conditions you\u2019ve agreed to, for example:\n\n- if you need permission to make alterations\n\n- how much you\u2019ll have to pay to maintain the property\n\n- whether you or your landlord has responsibility for repairs and dealing with noisy neighbours\n\nYou might be taken to court and be ordered to pay for any damage If you do not follow the conditions of the lease. The court may also take away your lease.\n\n## Your rights\n\nYou have the right to:\n\n- get information about service charges or insurance\n\n- know the landlord\u2019s (freeholder\u2019s) name and address\n\n- be consulted about certain maintenance and running costs\n\n- challenge certain charges under some circumstances\n\n## Service charges and other expenses\n\n## Service charges\n\nYour lease sets out the way the service charge is organised and what can be charged. If you pay a service charge, you have the right to:\n\n- ask for a summary showing how the charge is worked out and what it\u2019s spent on\n\n- see any paperwork supporting the summary, such as receipts\n\nYour landlord must give you this information - it\u2019s a criminal offence if they do not.\n\n## Ground rent\n\nYou do not have to pay ground rent unless your landlord has sent you a formal, written demand for it. They can take legal action if you do not pay after you\u2019ve received the demand.\n\nYour landlord can recover unpaid ground rent going back 6 years - they can ask you for the full amount in one go.\n\nYour landlord can only increase the ground rent if you agree to the increase or the lease says this can happen.\n\n## Building insurance\n\nYour landlord will usually be responsible for insurance of the building (not the contents) - this will be part of your service charge.\n\nYou have a right to:\n\n- ask for a summary of the insurance policy\n\n- challenge the cost through a tribunal if you think it\u2019s unreasonable\n\n## Reserve or sinking funds\n\nYou might have to pay into a fund to help cover any unexpected maintenance or repairs, like replacing the roof. There are rules about how landlords must manage these funds.\n\nYou will not usually be able to get back any money you pay into them, for example if you move house.\n\n## Consulting over charges\n\nYou have the right to be consulted about charges for running or maintaining the building if you have to pay more than:\n\n- \u00a3250 for planned work\n\n- \u00a3100 per year for work and services lasting more than 12 months\n\nThere are steps your landlord must follow when they consult you, known as a \u2018Section 20\u2019 consultation. There\u2019s a limit on how much you have to pay if you have not been consulted properly - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Disputing a charge\n\nYou may be able to apply to a tribunal if you pay a charge and you:\n\n- think it\u2019s unreasonable\n\n- think the standard of work it relates to is unsatisfactory\n\n- do not think you should be paying it at all\n\nContact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\nYou cannot apply to the tribunal if:\n\n- you\u2019ve agreed to pay the charge\n\n- the dispute is already being dealt with, for example by the court\n\n- you pay a fixed charge\n\nTry mediation - you may also be able to change the management of your building instead.\n\nYour landlord can take you to court if you stop paying a charge you\u2019re responsible for.\n\n## More information\n\nThe Leasehold Advisory Service has more information on service charges and other issues.\n\n## Extending, changing or ending a lease\n\n## Extending the lease\n\nYou can ask the landlord to extend your lease at any time.\n\nYou might be able to extend your lease by:\n\n- 90 years on a flat if you qualify\n\n- 50 years on a house if you qualify\n\nThe Leasehold Advisory Service\u2019s (LAS) lease extension calculator gives you a guide to the costs of extending the lease of a flat.\n\n## Changing the lease\n\nYou can negotiate certain changes to the lease, sometimes known as \u2018varying the lease\u2019. Speak to your landlord first.\n\nIf you cannot agree, you may be able to apply to a tribunal - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Ending the lease\n\nIt\u2019s very rare that a landlord can end the lease and evict you. There are some circumstances and leases that let them do this, sometimes known as \u2018forfeiture proceedings\u2019. They need to send you a formal written notice and get the court\u2019s permission.\n\nYou can usually end a lease by giving at least 1 month\u2019s notice.\n\nThe LAS has information about ending a lease.\n\n## When the lease runs out\n\nYou do not have to leave the property when the lease expires. In law, a lease is a tenancy and the leaseholder is a tenant. The tenancy will continue on exactly the same terms unless you or the landlord decide to end it.\n\n## Buying the freehold\n\nYou can ask the landlord to sell you the freehold at any time.\n\nThere are different legal steps and rules depending on whether your home is a:\n\n- flat - you\u2019ll need to buy a share of the freehold\n\n- house - you may have the right to buy the freehold\n\n## Right of first refusal\n\nLandlords who want to sell the freehold of a building containing flats usually have to offer the leaseholders the first chance to buy it. This is known as your right of first refusal.\n\nThere are different rules and steps to buying the freehold of your home in Northern Ireland\n\n## Right to Manage and management disputes\n\nYou may be able to change the management of your building if you\u2019re unhappy with the way it\u2019s being run and you live in a leasehold flat. You can either:\n\n- ask a tribunal to appoint a new manager\n\n- take over the management responsibilities, known as your \u2018Right to Manage\u2019\n\n## Appoint a new manager\n\nYou must prove bad management if you want to appoint a new manager, for example:\n\n- you have to pay unreasonable service charges\n\n- the landlord has not complied with an approved code of management practice\n\nApply to a tribunal in England, or the Leasehold Valuation Tribunals in Wales.\n\nYou can only apply to the tribunal if you\u2019ve sent the landlord a \u2018Section 22 notice\u2019 - this gives them a chance to fix the problems. Contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Right to Manage\n\nThe Right to Manage lets you and the other leaseholders take over certain management responsibilities from the landlord without having to prove bad management.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find out if you qualify - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\nYou and the other leaseholders can manage the building yourselves or pay a managing agent to do it.\n\n## Leasehold disputes\n\nThere is a different dispute process in Wales.\n\nYou can use a mediation service to help you and your landlord come to an agreement if you are in dispute about your lease. You might have to pay a fee.\n\nYou can also get free advice from the Leasehold Advisory Service (LAS) on issues like:\n\n- service charges\n\n- extending your lease\n\n- buying the freehold\n\n## Apply to a tribunal\n\nYou can apply to a tribunal if you\u2019re in a dispute with your landlord, for example:\n\n- service or administration charges\n\n- the cost of building insurance\n\n- appointment of a manager\n\n- Right to Manage\n\n- breach of a lease\n\n- varying a lease\n\n- recognising a tenants\u2019 association\n\n- buying the freehold\n\n- extending the lease\n\nApply to the Leasehold Valuation Tribunals if you\u2019re in Wales.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leasehold-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a lease on a small apartment in a block in London, England, and have been a tenant there for over 15 years. The lease is, however, due to expire in three months time and I am worried that the property company which owns the freehold may evict me.", + "original_question": "Does the expiry of the lease also void my tenancy agreement with the landlord/freeholder?" + }, + { + "id": "train-810", + "question": "Scenario: I own the freeholds on three properties in Rhayader, Wales, which I am keen to sell to raise funds. Two of these are subdivided into flats, and have resident leaseholders who have expressed interest in acquiring their freeholds in the past.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to give these leaseholders first refusal on any sale of the freehold(s)?\n\nDocument - Leasehold property:\n## Overview\n\nYou only own a leasehold property for a fixed period of time.\n\nYou\u2019ll have a legal agreement with the landlord (sometimes known as the \u2018freeholder\u2019) called a \u2018lease\u2019. This tells you how many years you\u2019ll own the property.\n\nOwnership of the property returns to the landlord when the lease comes to an end.\n\nMost flats are leasehold. Houses can be leasehold too and usually are if they\u2019re bought through a shared ownership scheme.\n\nThe rules about leasehold property are different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Leaseholder rights and responsibilities\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour lease will tell you what conditions you\u2019ve agreed to, for example:\n\n- if you need permission to make alterations\n\n- how much you\u2019ll have to pay to maintain the property\n\n- whether you or your landlord has responsibility for repairs and dealing with noisy neighbours\n\nYou might be taken to court and be ordered to pay for any damage If you do not follow the conditions of the lease. The court may also take away your lease.\n\n## Your rights\n\nYou have the right to:\n\n- get information about service charges or insurance\n\n- know the landlord\u2019s (freeholder\u2019s) name and address\n\n- be consulted about certain maintenance and running costs\n\n- challenge certain charges under some circumstances\n\n## Service charges and other expenses\n\n## Service charges\n\nYour lease sets out the way the service charge is organised and what can be charged. If you pay a service charge, you have the right to:\n\n- ask for a summary showing how the charge is worked out and what it\u2019s spent on\n\n- see any paperwork supporting the summary, such as receipts\n\nYour landlord must give you this information - it\u2019s a criminal offence if they do not.\n\n## Ground rent\n\nYou do not have to pay ground rent unless your landlord has sent you a formal, written demand for it. They can take legal action if you do not pay after you\u2019ve received the demand.\n\nYour landlord can recover unpaid ground rent going back 6 years - they can ask you for the full amount in one go.\n\nYour landlord can only increase the ground rent if you agree to the increase or the lease says this can happen.\n\n## Building insurance\n\nYour landlord will usually be responsible for insurance of the building (not the contents) - this will be part of your service charge.\n\nYou have a right to:\n\n- ask for a summary of the insurance policy\n\n- challenge the cost through a tribunal if you think it\u2019s unreasonable\n\n## Reserve or sinking funds\n\nYou might have to pay into a fund to help cover any unexpected maintenance or repairs, like replacing the roof. There are rules about how landlords must manage these funds.\n\nYou will not usually be able to get back any money you pay into them, for example if you move house.\n\n## Consulting over charges\n\nYou have the right to be consulted about charges for running or maintaining the building if you have to pay more than:\n\n- \u00a3250 for planned work\n\n- \u00a3100 per year for work and services lasting more than 12 months\n\nThere are steps your landlord must follow when they consult you, known as a \u2018Section 20\u2019 consultation. There\u2019s a limit on how much you have to pay if you have not been consulted properly - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Disputing a charge\n\nYou may be able to apply to a tribunal if you pay a charge and you:\n\n- think it\u2019s unreasonable\n\n- think the standard of work it relates to is unsatisfactory\n\n- do not think you should be paying it at all\n\nContact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\nYou cannot apply to the tribunal if:\n\n- you\u2019ve agreed to pay the charge\n\n- the dispute is already being dealt with, for example by the court\n\n- you pay a fixed charge\n\nTry mediation - you may also be able to change the management of your building instead.\n\nYour landlord can take you to court if you stop paying a charge you\u2019re responsible for.\n\n## More information\n\nThe Leasehold Advisory Service has more information on service charges and other issues.\n\n## Extending, changing or ending a lease\n\n## Extending the lease\n\nYou can ask the landlord to extend your lease at any time.\n\nYou might be able to extend your lease by:\n\n- 90 years on a flat if you qualify\n\n- 50 years on a house if you qualify\n\nThe Leasehold Advisory Service\u2019s (LAS) lease extension calculator gives you a guide to the costs of extending the lease of a flat.\n\n## Changing the lease\n\nYou can negotiate certain changes to the lease, sometimes known as \u2018varying the lease\u2019. Speak to your landlord first.\n\nIf you cannot agree, you may be able to apply to a tribunal - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Ending the lease\n\nIt\u2019s very rare that a landlord can end the lease and evict you. There are some circumstances and leases that let them do this, sometimes known as \u2018forfeiture proceedings\u2019. They need to send you a formal written notice and get the court\u2019s permission.\n\nYou can usually end a lease by giving at least 1 month\u2019s notice.\n\nThe LAS has information about ending a lease.\n\n## When the lease runs out\n\nYou do not have to leave the property when the lease expires. In law, a lease is a tenancy and the leaseholder is a tenant. The tenancy will continue on exactly the same terms unless you or the landlord decide to end it.\n\n## Buying the freehold\n\nYou can ask the landlord to sell you the freehold at any time.\n\nThere are different legal steps and rules depending on whether your home is a:\n\n- flat - you\u2019ll need to buy a share of the freehold\n\n- house - you may have the right to buy the freehold\n\n## Right of first refusal\n\nLandlords who want to sell the freehold of a building containing flats usually have to offer the leaseholders the first chance to buy it. This is known as your right of first refusal.\n\nThere are different rules and steps to buying the freehold of your home in Northern Ireland\n\n## Right to Manage and management disputes\n\nYou may be able to change the management of your building if you\u2019re unhappy with the way it\u2019s being run and you live in a leasehold flat. You can either:\n\n- ask a tribunal to appoint a new manager\n\n- take over the management responsibilities, known as your \u2018Right to Manage\u2019\n\n## Appoint a new manager\n\nYou must prove bad management if you want to appoint a new manager, for example:\n\n- you have to pay unreasonable service charges\n\n- the landlord has not complied with an approved code of management practice\n\nApply to a tribunal in England, or the Leasehold Valuation Tribunals in Wales.\n\nYou can only apply to the tribunal if you\u2019ve sent the landlord a \u2018Section 22 notice\u2019 - this gives them a chance to fix the problems. Contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Right to Manage\n\nThe Right to Manage lets you and the other leaseholders take over certain management responsibilities from the landlord without having to prove bad management.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find out if you qualify - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\nYou and the other leaseholders can manage the building yourselves or pay a managing agent to do it.\n\n## Leasehold disputes\n\nThere is a different dispute process in Wales.\n\nYou can use a mediation service to help you and your landlord come to an agreement if you are in dispute about your lease. You might have to pay a fee.\n\nYou can also get free advice from the Leasehold Advisory Service (LAS) on issues like:\n\n- service charges\n\n- extending your lease\n\n- buying the freehold\n\n## Apply to a tribunal\n\nYou can apply to a tribunal if you\u2019re in a dispute with your landlord, for example:\n\n- service or administration charges\n\n- the cost of building insurance\n\n- appointment of a manager\n\n- Right to Manage\n\n- breach of a lease\n\n- varying a lease\n\n- recognising a tenants\u2019 association\n\n- buying the freehold\n\n- extending the lease\n\nApply to the Leasehold Valuation Tribunals if you\u2019re in Wales.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leasehold-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own the freeholds on three properties in Rhayader, Wales, which I am keen to sell to raise funds. Two of these are subdivided into flats, and have resident leaseholders who have expressed interest in acquiring their freeholds in the past.", + "original_question": "Do I have to give these leaseholders first refusal on any sale of the freehold(s)?" + }, + { + "id": "train-812", + "question": "Scenario: I am interested in purchasing a property in a village in Somerset, and have been assured by the estate agent handling it that the property has increased substantially in value since it last changed hands. I have tried to verify this myself by consulting the land registry, but cannot find a corresponding entry in the online register!\n\nQuestion: Is there a way that I can consult the index map directly, to see if this information does in fact exist?\n\nDocument - Get information about property and land:\n## Overview\n\nYou can get information about registered property or land in England and Wales, even if you do not own it.\n\nThe type of information you can get includes the:\n\n- title register - who owns the property or land, and any rights of way\n\n- title number - the unique number given to a property or piece of land\n\n- title plan - the property or land\u2019s location and boundaries\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Search the land and property register\n\nGet copies of title register and title plan by searching the register.\n\n## Search the land and property index map\n\nAsk for a search of the index map if a property doesn\u2019t come up on a search of the register.\n\n## Get a copy of the deeds\n\nYou may be able to find out current and past information about a registered property, such as its previous owners by requesting a copy of the deeds.\n\n## Search property prices\n\nGet information about property prices by searching the house price index and the price paid data service.\n\n## Search the register\n\nHM Land Registry holds records about most property or land sold in England or Wales since 1993, including the title register, title plan and title summary.\n\n## Search the online register\n\nSearch the register by address or location.\n\nIf a property does not appear in a search, it may be filed under the wrong address. Ask for a search of the index map instead.\n\n## Title register\n\nThe title register has details about the property or land (in a PDF). It includes:\n\n- the title number\n\n- who owns it\n\n- what they paid for it (properties only, if available)\n\n- any rights of way\n\n- whether a mortgage on it has been \u2018discharged\u2019, for example paid off\n\n## Title summary\n\nThe title summary (viewable online) includes:\n\n- the title number\n\n- who owns it\n\n- what they paid for it\n\n- whether the property is freehold or leasehold (known as \u2018tenure\u2019)\n\n- the lender\u2019s name and address (if there is a mortgage on the property)\n\nThe lease will have more information if the property is a leasehold.\n\n## Title plan\n\nThe title plan is a map showing:\n\n- the property\u2019s location\n\n- the general boundaries - there\u2019s usually no record of exact boundaries\n\n## Buy copies of the information\n\nYou can download online copies of the information for a fee but you cannot use them as proof of ownership.\n\nTo get copies to use as proof of ownership (for example, in a court case) order official copies.\n\n## Ordering official copies\n\nDownload and fill in an application for official copies of documents and send it to HM Land Registry with your fee.\n\nYour copies will arrive in less than a week.\n\n## Fees\n\n| Document | Fee |\n\n| Title register (online copy) | \u00a33 |\n\n| Title plan (online copy) | \u00a32.50 (\u00a33 with VAT) |\n\n| Title register (official copy) | \u00a37 |\n\n| Title plan (official copy) | \u00a37 |\n\n## Rights over adjoining land and property boundaries\n\nThe title register may give you details about rights over adjoining land. Apply for a copy of the deeds if you need more information.\n\nTitle plans only give general boundary information. There\u2019s usually no record of exact boundaries.\n\n## Get historical title registers\n\nYou may be able to find out who owned the property before the current owner from a historical title register. It can also be useful if you\u2019re trying to find out how old a property is.\n\nAsk HM Land Registry to search who owned the property for a specific date or multiple dates.\n\n## For properties registered before 1993\n\nContact HM Land Registry with the:\n\n- title number or address of the property\n\n- date or dates you\u2019re applying for\n\nThey\u2019ll search their records and tell you if they have a copy, and how to apply for it.\n\n## For properties registered after 1993\n\nDownload and fill in form HC1. Send the form to HM Land Registry along with \u00a37 for each date you\u2019re applying for.\n\nThe results of your search will arrive in less than a week.\n\nIf you do not know the date you\u2019re searching for, contact HM Land Registry.\n\n## Search the index map\n\nThe index map contains information on all land and property that\u2019s registered or being registered with HM Land Registry.\n\nUse it to find the title number of a property that does not appear in a search of the register.\n\nSome properties do not appear in a search of the register because the property boundaries have changed since it was registered, or the property address has been spelled incorrectly, for example.\n\n## How to search\n\nYou cannot search the map yourself.\n\nYou should provide the address of the land or property (if it has one). If the land or property cannot be identified by the address you can provide:\n\n- a plan which clearly identifies the land or property\n\n- an Ordnance Survey map reference for the land or property\n\nDownload and fill in the application form and send it to HM Land Registry.\n\nHM Land Registry will send you the search results, including the title number or numbers under which the land or property is registered. You can use them to search the register.\n\nThe search will also confirm if the property or land is unregistered.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt costs \u00a34 to search an area covering up to 5 registered titles.\n\nIf your search covers more than 5 titles, HM Land Registry will contact you with an updated fee. You\u2019ll be charged \u00a32 for groups of 10 additional titles.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nThe results of your search will arrive in less than a week.\n\n## If you\u2019re searching the index map to apply for home rights\n\nYou must write \u2018This search is being made solely for the purposes of the Family Law Act 1996\u2019 across the top of the application form.\n\n## Get a copy of the deeds\n\nYou may be able to find out current and past information about a registered property, such as its previous owners in the deeds.\n\nThe register may give more details about rights over adjoining land.\n\nHM Land Registry does not store original paper deeds.\n\n## How to request a copy of the deeds\n\n- Find out if the property or land is registered.\n\n- Pay \u00a33 to download a copy of the title register. If the deeds are marked as \u2018filed\u2019 in the register then HM Land Registry has a scanned copy.\n\n- Fill in the deeds request form using the property\u2019s title number from the title register.\n\nYour search may return no results if HM Land Registry does not hold a scanned copy of the deeds.\n\nThe deeds could be made up of several documents. Each official copy of a document costs \u00a37.\n\nSend your completed form and payment to HM Land Registry.\n\nCopies of deeds cannot be used to prove ownership, for example in a court case. Get official copies of the title register instead.\n\n## If you\u2019re a business\n\nRegister for business e-services if you\u2019re a business that needs to manage multiple searches and download multiple copies of documents.\n\n## Search for property prices\n\nYou can search for how much a property sold for in England or Wales.\n\nYou can correct information about the sale price if you find any incorrect records.\n\nYou can also search UK house price averages by region, county or local authority on the house price index.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-information-about-property-and-land", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am interested in purchasing a property in a village in Somerset, and have been assured by the estate agent handling it that the property has increased substantially in value since it last changed hands. I have tried to verify this myself by consulting the land registry, but cannot find a corresponding entry in the online register!", + "original_question": "Is there a way that I can consult the index map directly, to see if this information does in fact exist?" + }, + { + "id": "train-815", + "question": "Scenario: I own a four-bedroomed family home on the outskirts of Nuneaton, England, which I am now about to sell. This has been the main residence of myself and my partner and children for the past 18 years, and has a total footprint of just under 400 square meters if the garden is included.\n\nQuestion: Will I need to pay Capital Gains Tax on the sale of this house?\n\nDocument - Buying or selling your home:\n## Overview\n\nBuying or selling a home normally takes 2 to 3 months. The process can take longer if you\u2019re part of a chain of buyers and sellers.\n\nThere are several steps you\u2019ll need to follow:\n\n- sellers must provide an Energy Performance Certificate for the property\n\n- if a seller is using an estate agent, potential buyers must make any offers through the agent\n\n- once a buyer\u2019s offer has been accepted, the seller\u2019s responsible for drawing up a legal contract to transfer ownership\n\n- an offer is not legally binding until contracts are exchanged\n\n- depending on the amount given for property, the buyer may have to pay tax\n\nThis guide relates to England and Wales. Shelter has advice about buying and selling a home in Scotland.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying property with someone else\n\nYou can own a home with up to 3 other people. Find out more about the different types of joint property ownership.\n\n## Energy Performance Certificates\n\nEnergy Performance Certificates (EPCs) are needed whenever a property is:\n\n- built\n\n- sold\n\n- rented\n\nYou must order an EPC for potential buyers and tenants before you market your property to sell or rent.\n\nIn Scotland, you must display the EPC somewhere in the property, for example in the meter cupboard or next to the boiler.\n\nAn EPC contains:\n\n- information about a property\u2019s energy use and typical energy costs\n\n- recommendations about how to reduce energy use and save money\n\nAn EPC gives a property an energy efficiency rating from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient) and is valid for 10 years.\n\nCheck how you could make your home more energy efficient using the Energy Savings Trust\u2019s home energy check.\n\n## How to get an EPC\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find an accredited assessor if you\u2019re selling or renting out your home in:\n\n- England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\n- Scotland\n\nThey\u2019ll assess your property and produce the certificate.\n\nYou can be fined if you do not get an EPC when you need one.\n\nThe person selling the house, the landlord or the letting agent must show you the EPC if you\u2019re buying or renting.\n\n## Buildings that do not need an EPC\n\nThese include:\n\n- places of worship\n\n- temporary buildings that will be used for less than 2 years\n\n- stand-alone buildings with total useful floor space of less than 50 square metres\n\n- industrial sites, workshops and non-residential agricultural buildings that do not use a lot of energy\n\n- some buildings that are due to be demolished\n\n- holiday accommodation that\u2019s rented out for less than 4 months a year or is let under a licence to occupy\n\n- listed buildings - you should get advice from your local authority conservation officer if the work would alter the building\u2019s character\n\n- residential buildings intended to be used less than 4 months a year\n\n## See other properties\u2019 EPCs\n\nYou can look at the EPCs of other properties free of charge. This lets you compare your home\u2019s energy performance with that of similar homes. You can search by the property\u2019s address or by the EPC\u2019s report reference number..\n\nYou can opt out of the EPC register if you do not want other people to be able to see your EPC.\n\n## Estate agents\n\nYou must sign a legally binding contract with an estate agent if you use one to sell your home.\n\nYou must stick to the terms of the contract or you could be taken to court.\n\nEstate agents must also treat buyers fairly. They must show any offers promptly and in writing to the person selling the house.\n\nEstate agents are also legally obliged to pass on any other offers for the property right up to when contracts are exchanged.\n\n## Complain about an estate agent\n\nYou must complain to the estate agent first and give them a fair chance to sort out your complaint. If they do not, you can complain to one of the following schemes:\n\n- The Property Ombudsman\n\n- Property Redress Scheme\n\nAsk the estate agent which scheme they belong to.\n\n## Offers\n\nA buyer must make an offer through the estate agent if a home is sold through one.\n\nA buyer can make their offer directly to the seller for a private sale.\n\nBuyers can make offers verbally (over the phone or in person) or in writing.\n\nAn offer is not legally binding in England and Wales until contracts are exchanged.\n\nIf a buyer makes an offer \u2018subject to contract\u2019, this means the price can still be negotiated (for example if a survey finds a problem with the property).\n\nThe law is different if you\u2019re making an offer for property in Scotland.\n\n## Transferring ownership (conveyancing)\n\n## Once the offer is accepted\n\nThe seller is responsible for drawing up a legal contract to transfer ownership.\n\nThe contract contains details about:\n\n- the sale price\n\n- the property boundaries\n\n- which fixtures and fittings (like carpets and kitchen units) are included\n\n- any legal restrictions or rights, like public footpaths or rules about using the property\n\n- any planning restrictions\n\n- services to the property, like drainage and gas\n\n- when the sale will complete\n\nIf the seller has hired a solicitor or conveyancer, they will:\n\n- draft the initial contract\n\n- answer questions from the buyer\u2019s solicitor or conveyancer (with the seller\u2019s help)\n\n- negotiate the details of the contract if necessary\n\n## Exchanging contracts\n\nWhen the buyer and seller are happy with the contract, both sides sign final copies and send them to each other.\n\nThe agreement to sell and buy is legally binding once this happens. Usually neither party can pull out without paying compensation.\n\n## Completion\n\nOnce you exchange contracts and deal with any remaining checks the buyer has asked for:\n\n- The money is transferred from the buyer to the seller.\n\n- The legal documents needed to transfer ownership are handed over to the buyer.\n\n- The seller moves out and leaves the property in the state agreed in the contract.\n\n- The seller hands over the keys to the buyer.\n\n- The property now belongs to the buyer.\n\nCitizens Advice has more advice about buying or selling your home.\n\n## Tax\n\nYou may need to pay:\n\n- Stamp Duty Land Tax when you buy a home in England\n\n- Land Transaction Tax when you buy a home in Wales\n\n- Capital Gains Tax when you sell a home\n\n## Stamp Duty Land Tax\n\n## If you buy between 8 July 2020 and 30 June 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3500,000 for the property.\n\n## If you buy between 1 July 2021 and 30 September 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3250,000 for the property.\n\n## If you buy from 1 October 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3125,000 for the property. This threshold also applies to any property bought before 8 July 2020.\n\nYou still have to pay if you swap something of economic value for a property, for example shares or another property.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying your first home\n\nFrom 1 July 2021 you do not have to pay SDLT if the property is \u00a3300,000 or less.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it\n\n- you have not let part of it out or used part of it for business only\n\n- the grounds, including the buildings, are smaller than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre)\n\nThis is because you automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief. You do not need to do anything.\n\nIf you do not meet all these criteria you may have to pay some Capital Gains Tax.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a four-bedroomed family home on the outskirts of Nuneaton, England, which I am now about to sell. This has been the main residence of myself and my partner and children for the past 18 years, and has a total footprint of just under 400 square meters if the garden is included.", + "original_question": "Will I need to pay Capital Gains Tax on the sale of this house?" + }, + { + "id": "train-816", + "question": "Scenario: I live in Scotland, am a professional landlord and am currently in the process of buying a new property to add to my portfolio. The sale is being done through an estate agent, and he has just provided an updated Energy Performance Certificate for the property (the previous owner not having obtained one).\n\nQuestion: Am I legally required to show this EPC to any prospective tenants?\n\nDocument - Buying or selling your home:\n## Overview\n\nBuying or selling a home normally takes 2 to 3 months. The process can take longer if you\u2019re part of a chain of buyers and sellers.\n\nThere are several steps you\u2019ll need to follow:\n\n- sellers must provide an Energy Performance Certificate for the property\n\n- if a seller is using an estate agent, potential buyers must make any offers through the agent\n\n- once a buyer\u2019s offer has been accepted, the seller\u2019s responsible for drawing up a legal contract to transfer ownership\n\n- an offer is not legally binding until contracts are exchanged\n\n- depending on the amount given for property, the buyer may have to pay tax\n\nThis guide relates to England and Wales. Shelter has advice about buying and selling a home in Scotland.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying property with someone else\n\nYou can own a home with up to 3 other people. Find out more about the different types of joint property ownership.\n\n## Energy Performance Certificates\n\nEnergy Performance Certificates (EPCs) are needed whenever a property is:\n\n- built\n\n- sold\n\n- rented\n\nYou must order an EPC for potential buyers and tenants before you market your property to sell or rent.\n\nIn Scotland, you must display the EPC somewhere in the property, for example in the meter cupboard or next to the boiler.\n\nAn EPC contains:\n\n- information about a property\u2019s energy use and typical energy costs\n\n- recommendations about how to reduce energy use and save money\n\nAn EPC gives a property an energy efficiency rating from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient) and is valid for 10 years.\n\nCheck how you could make your home more energy efficient using the Energy Savings Trust\u2019s home energy check.\n\n## How to get an EPC\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find an accredited assessor if you\u2019re selling or renting out your home in:\n\n- England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\n- Scotland\n\nThey\u2019ll assess your property and produce the certificate.\n\nYou can be fined if you do not get an EPC when you need one.\n\nThe person selling the house, the landlord or the letting agent must show you the EPC if you\u2019re buying or renting.\n\n## Buildings that do not need an EPC\n\nThese include:\n\n- places of worship\n\n- temporary buildings that will be used for less than 2 years\n\n- stand-alone buildings with total useful floor space of less than 50 square metres\n\n- industrial sites, workshops and non-residential agricultural buildings that do not use a lot of energy\n\n- some buildings that are due to be demolished\n\n- holiday accommodation that\u2019s rented out for less than 4 months a year or is let under a licence to occupy\n\n- listed buildings - you should get advice from your local authority conservation officer if the work would alter the building\u2019s character\n\n- residential buildings intended to be used less than 4 months a year\n\n## See other properties\u2019 EPCs\n\nYou can look at the EPCs of other properties free of charge. This lets you compare your home\u2019s energy performance with that of similar homes. You can search by the property\u2019s address or by the EPC\u2019s report reference number..\n\nYou can opt out of the EPC register if you do not want other people to be able to see your EPC.\n\n## Estate agents\n\nYou must sign a legally binding contract with an estate agent if you use one to sell your home.\n\nYou must stick to the terms of the contract or you could be taken to court.\n\nEstate agents must also treat buyers fairly. They must show any offers promptly and in writing to the person selling the house.\n\nEstate agents are also legally obliged to pass on any other offers for the property right up to when contracts are exchanged.\n\n## Complain about an estate agent\n\nYou must complain to the estate agent first and give them a fair chance to sort out your complaint. If they do not, you can complain to one of the following schemes:\n\n- The Property Ombudsman\n\n- Property Redress Scheme\n\nAsk the estate agent which scheme they belong to.\n\n## Offers\n\nA buyer must make an offer through the estate agent if a home is sold through one.\n\nA buyer can make their offer directly to the seller for a private sale.\n\nBuyers can make offers verbally (over the phone or in person) or in writing.\n\nAn offer is not legally binding in England and Wales until contracts are exchanged.\n\nIf a buyer makes an offer \u2018subject to contract\u2019, this means the price can still be negotiated (for example if a survey finds a problem with the property).\n\nThe law is different if you\u2019re making an offer for property in Scotland.\n\n## Transferring ownership (conveyancing)\n\n## Once the offer is accepted\n\nThe seller is responsible for drawing up a legal contract to transfer ownership.\n\nThe contract contains details about:\n\n- the sale price\n\n- the property boundaries\n\n- which fixtures and fittings (like carpets and kitchen units) are included\n\n- any legal restrictions or rights, like public footpaths or rules about using the property\n\n- any planning restrictions\n\n- services to the property, like drainage and gas\n\n- when the sale will complete\n\nIf the seller has hired a solicitor or conveyancer, they will:\n\n- draft the initial contract\n\n- answer questions from the buyer\u2019s solicitor or conveyancer (with the seller\u2019s help)\n\n- negotiate the details of the contract if necessary\n\n## Exchanging contracts\n\nWhen the buyer and seller are happy with the contract, both sides sign final copies and send them to each other.\n\nThe agreement to sell and buy is legally binding once this happens. Usually neither party can pull out without paying compensation.\n\n## Completion\n\nOnce you exchange contracts and deal with any remaining checks the buyer has asked for:\n\n- The money is transferred from the buyer to the seller.\n\n- The legal documents needed to transfer ownership are handed over to the buyer.\n\n- The seller moves out and leaves the property in the state agreed in the contract.\n\n- The seller hands over the keys to the buyer.\n\n- The property now belongs to the buyer.\n\nCitizens Advice has more advice about buying or selling your home.\n\n## Tax\n\nYou may need to pay:\n\n- Stamp Duty Land Tax when you buy a home in England\n\n- Land Transaction Tax when you buy a home in Wales\n\n- Capital Gains Tax when you sell a home\n\n## Stamp Duty Land Tax\n\n## If you buy between 8 July 2020 and 30 June 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3500,000 for the property.\n\n## If you buy between 1 July 2021 and 30 September 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3250,000 for the property.\n\n## If you buy from 1 October 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3125,000 for the property. This threshold also applies to any property bought before 8 July 2020.\n\nYou still have to pay if you swap something of economic value for a property, for example shares or another property.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying your first home\n\nFrom 1 July 2021 you do not have to pay SDLT if the property is \u00a3300,000 or less.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it\n\n- you have not let part of it out or used part of it for business only\n\n- the grounds, including the buildings, are smaller than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre)\n\nThis is because you automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief. You do not need to do anything.\n\nIf you do not meet all these criteria you may have to pay some Capital Gains Tax.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in Scotland, am a professional landlord and am currently in the process of buying a new property to add to my portfolio. The sale is being done through an estate agent, and he has just provided an updated Energy Performance Certificate for the property (the previous owner not having obtained one).", + "original_question": "Am I legally required to show this EPC to any prospective tenants?" + }, + { + "id": "train-818", + "question": "Scenario: I have been a housing association tenant in Bradford, England for two years and three months, and was a council tenant for the eight years preceding that period. I am now looking to acquire the house in which I currently reside from the landlord, who acquired it in late 2004.\n\nQuestion: Does my council tenancy count towards the three year qualifying period for Right to Acquire?\n\nDocument - Right to Acquire: buying your housing association home:\n## Overview\n\nRight to Acquire allows most housing association tenants to buy their home at a discount. You apply using the Right to Acquire application form.\n\nYou can apply to buy your housing association home if you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord for 3 years. These landlords include:\n\n- housing associations\n\n- councils\n\n- the armed services\n\n- NHS trusts and foundation trusts\n\n## Eligible properties\n\nYour property must either have been:\n\n- built or bought by a housing association after 31 March 1997 (and funded through a social housing grant provided by the Housing Corporation or local council)\n\n- transferred from a local council to a housing association after 31 March 1997\n\nYour landlord must be registered with the Regulator of Social Housing.\n\nThe home you want to buy must also be:\n\n- a self-contained property\n\n- your only or main home\n\n## Joint applications\n\nYou can make a joint application with:\n\n- someone who shares your tenancy\n\n- up to 3 family members who\u2019ve lived with you for the past 12 months (even if they don\u2019t share your tenancy)\n\n## Who doesn\u2019t qualify\n\nYou can\u2019t use Right to Acquire if:\n\n- you\u2019re being made bankrupt\n\n- a court has ordered you to leave your home\n\n- you\u2019re a council tenant \u2013 you may be able to use Right to Buy instead\n\n- you have \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019\n\n## Discounts\n\nYou can get a discount of between \u00a39,000 and \u00a316,000 on the price of your property.\n\nThe amount of discount you\u2019ll get depends on where you live in the UK.\n\nYour landlord will tell you what discount you\u2019ll get when you apply to buy your home. You can also download a table of discounts, broken down by location.\n\nYour discount might be reduced if you\u2019ve used Right to Acquire or Right to Buy in the past.\n\n## Applying\n\n- Fill in the Right to Acquire application form\n\n- Send it to your landlord.\n\n- Your landlord must say yes or no within 4 weeks of getting your application (8 weeks if they\u2019ve been your landlord for less than 3 years). If your landlord says no, they must say why. You can\u2019t appeal against the landlord\u2019s decision.\n\n- If your landlord agrees to sell, they\u2019ll send you an offer. They must do this within 8 weeks of saying yes if you\u2019re buying a freehold property, or 12 weeks if you\u2019re buying a leasehold property.\n\nYour landlord might offer you the choice of buying your home, or another empty one that they own. You don\u2019t have to accept the other property and your landlord doesn\u2019t have to offer you one.\n\n## Your landlord\u2019s offer\n\nIf your landlord agrees to sell, their offer will tell you:\n\n- the price they think you should pay for the property and how it was worked out\n\n- your discount and how it was worked out\n\n- a description of the property and any land included in the price\n\n- estimates of any service charge (for a flat or maisonette) for the first 5 years\n\n- any known problems with the property\u2019s structure, eg subsidence\n\n## Deciding to buy\n\nOnce you get your landlord\u2019s offer, you have 12 weeks to tell them that you still want to buy.\n\nIf you don\u2019t reply, the landlord will send you a reminder (called an \u2018RTA4\u2019). You\u2019ll have a reasonable time (at least 28 days) to reply. If you don\u2019t, your landlord will send a final reminder (called an \u2018RTA5\u2019). If you don\u2019t reply to that, your landlord can drop your application.\n\nYou can pull out of the sale and continue to rent at any time.\n\n## If you disagree with the landlord\u2019s offer\n\nContact your landlord and tell them why.\n\nIf you think your landlord has set your home\u2019s market value too high, you must write to them within 3 months of getting the offer and ask for an independent valuation.\n\nA district valuer from HM Revenue & Customs will visit your home and decide how much it\u2019s worth. You have 12 weeks to accept their valuation or pull out of the sale.\n\n## Selling your home\n\nIf you sell your home within 10 years of buying it through Right to Acquire, you must first offer it to your old landlord.\n\nThe property should be sold at the full market price agreed between you and the landlord.\n\nIf you can\u2019t agree, a district valuer will say how much your home is worth and set the price. You won\u2019t have to pay for their valuation.\n\nIf the landlord doesn\u2019t agree to buy your home within 8 weeks, you can sell it to anyone.\n\n## Paying back your discount\n\nIf you sell your home within 5 years of buying it, you\u2019ll have to pay back some or all of the discount you got.\n\nIf you sell within the first year, you\u2019ll have to pay back all of the discount. On top of this, the amount you pay back depends on the value of your home when you sell it. So, if you got a 10% discount, you\u2019ll have to pay back 10% of the selling price.\n\nIf you sell after the first year, the total amount you pay back reduces. You pay back:\n\n- 80% of the discount in the second year\n\n- 60% of the discount in the third year\n\n- 40% of the discount in the fourth year\n\n- 20% of the discount in the fifth year\n\n## Help and advice\n\nThe Money Advice Service offers free, impartial advice about money, including buying a home and taking out a mortgage.\n\nYou can also get advice on Right to Acquire from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Shelter\n\n- your local Law Centre", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-acquire-buying-housing-association-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been a housing association tenant in Bradford, England for two years and three months, and was a council tenant for the eight years preceding that period. I am now looking to acquire the house in which I currently reside from the landlord, who acquired it in late 2004.", + "original_question": "Does my council tenancy count towards the three year qualifying period for Right to Acquire?" + }, + { + "id": "train-821", + "question": "Scenario: I own a large (ca. 1,500 square metres of sales space) high-street electronics store in a town in southern England, which operates a free like-for-like takeback service when selling new products to customers, in addition to taking back any 'very small WEEE' items that they bring in.\n\nQuestion: Is it required to take back 'very small WEEE' from non-customers too?\n\nDocument - Electrical waste: retailer and distributor responsibilities:\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou have certain responsibilities if you sell electrical and electronic equipment (EEE).\n\nYou must provide a way for your customers to dispose of their old household electrical and electronic equipment when you sell them a new version of the same item.\n\nThe waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations apply regardless of how you sell the products, whether direct or by internet, mail order or telephone.\n\nYou must either:\n\n- provide a free, in store, take back service to your customers\n\n- set up an alternative, free take back service\n\nIf you do not have your own take back service, you must join the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS).\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you do not comply with the regulations.\n\n## Tell your customers which service you provide\n\nYou must provide free written information to your customers on:\n\n- which take back service you provide, including collect on delivery\n\n- how they can reuse and recycle electrical and electronic equipment\n\n- why this waste needs to be separated from other waste\n\n- the damaging effects of not recycling electrical and electronic equipment\n\n- the meaning of the crossed-out wheelie bin symbol\n\n## Shops\n\nYou can provide this information by, for example:\n\n- displaying posters in your store about which service you provide\n\n- including information leaflets with the electrical and electronic equipment you sell\n\n## Online retailers\n\nYou must publish this information on your website. You can download free customer information if you offer a take back service. DTS members can get these from the scheme.\n\nYou have other responsibilities if you\u2019re a \u2018producer\u2019 - for example you make and sell EEE under your own brand, or sell it in UK from abroad.\n\n## Take back waste in store\n\nYou must offer to take back waste of the same type as the item your customers buy from you, regardless of:\n\n- whether they buy in-store, online or by mail order\n\n- the brand of the item\n\nYou must also take back items that have the same function. For example, you would:\n\n- take back a customer\u2019s old kettle when they buy a new one\n\n- take back a video player if the customer buys a DVD player\n\nYou must:\n\n- offer the in-store service for free - but you can charge to cover transport costs if you\u2019re collecting items from customers\u2019 homes\n\n- give customers at least 28 days to bring back their waste item\n\n- take back all types of electrical and electronic equipment that you sell - you can choose to extend your service to cover all kinds of electrical and electronic waste\n\n## Small electronic equipment\n\n\u2018Very small WEEE\u2019 are items of waste electrical and electronic equipment that are less than 25cm on their longest side.\n\nYou must take back all items of \u2018very small WEEE\u2019 in store if your electrical and electronic equipment sales area is greater than 400 square metres including aisle, display and shelf space.\n\nYou must provide this service to everyone for free, regardless of whether they\u2019ve bought anything from your store.\n\nYou\u2019re exempt if you\u2019ve joined the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) or an assessment shows you already have an effective system.\n\n## Store waste\n\nCheck the conditions to see if you can store the waste temporarily before you dispose of it.\n\n## Dispose of waste\n\nTo dispose of the waste you\u2019ve collected you can do one of the following.\n\n## Producer compliance schemes\n\nContact a producer compliance scheme (PCS).\n\nThe PCS will arrange for the waste to be recycled or prepared for re-use at an Approved Authorised Treatment Facility (AATF).\n\nYou may be charged for the collection and transportation of the waste to the AATF or the PCS collection point.\n\n## Transport the waste yourself\n\nYou can transport the waste to an AATF or PCS collection point yourself.\n\nYou need to register as a waste carrier in:\n\n- England\n\n- Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nYou may also need to follow the rules on transporting hazardous waste in:\n\n- England and Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n## Keep records\n\nYou must keep records of all electrical and electronic waste that you collect and dispose of - you can use a template.\n\nInclude the number of units you\u2019ve received through take back and say how many of these were returned to a PCS.\n\nYou need to keep all documentation you make, or are given by the PCS or the AATF, when you dispose of electrical and electronic waste.\n\nYou also need to keep records of how you tell customers about your take back scheme.\n\nKeep all your records for 4 years.\n\n## Set up an alternative take back service\n\nYou can set up a \u2018designated collection facility\u2019 (DCF) where your customers can take all types of electrical and electronic waste.\n\nYou can do this on your own or with other distributors.\n\nYou must follow the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, other waste management legislation and local planning requirements when managing a DCF.\n\nYou must agree with a producer compliance scheme (PCS) to return the electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) direct to an Approved Authorised Treatment Facility (AATF).\n\n## Use the Distributor Takeback Scheme\n\nYou can use the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) instead of providing a takeback service, if either of the following apply:\n\n- your business sells less than \u00a3100,000 of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) per year\n\n- you only sell online\n\nIf your business sells \u00a3100,000 or more of EEE per year and has physical stores, you cannot use the DTS after 31 December 2020. You\u2019ll need to take back waste in store or set up an alternative collection point instead.\n\n## How the scheme works\n\nYou pay a fee that covers your waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) obligations until 31 December 2021. The amount you pay depends on:\n\n- the size of your business\n\n- whether you only sell online\n\n- how much EEE you sell\n\nThis money goes towards supporting the recycling centres run by local authorities.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep a record of what information you give to your customers about where they should take their WEEE.\n\n## If you do not comply\n\nIf you fail to comply with the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, you can be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a35,000 at a magistrates\u2019 court, or get an unlimited fine from a Crown Court.\n\nYou may sometimes get warning letters and formal cautions before a prosecution.\n\nThe Office for Product Safety and Standards enforces these regulations. You can contact them online, call or write to them.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/electricalwaste-producer-supplier-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a large (ca. 1,500 square metres of sales space) high-street electronics store in a town in southern England, which operates a free like-for-like takeback service when selling new products to customers, in addition to taking back any 'very small WEEE' items that they bring in.", + "original_question": "Is it required to take back 'very small WEEE' from non-customers too?" + }, + { + "id": "train-824", + "question": "Scenario: I live in a small cottage in the Mendips, which lies at one end of a valley whose land is owned by a single farmer who recently removed a hedgerow without obtaining permission. After both I and a local conservation charity had complained about this the local council issued him with a hedgerow replacement notice. He has not complied with this, however, and is now launching an appeal to the planning inspectorate.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to comment on his appeal if I don't have access to internet?\n\nDocument - Appeal a hedgerow notice:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour council makes decisions about hedgerow notices.\n\nYou can appeal a decision if they\u2019ve sent you either:\n\n- a retention notice, saying you cannot remove a hedgerow\n\n- a replacement notice, telling you to replace a hedgerow you\u2019ve already removed\n\nOnly the person who made the application can appeal.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 28 days of the date on the council\u2019s notice.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nOnce your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 31 weeks.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nFill in a hedgerow appeal form.\n\nYou also need:\n\n- a copy of your original application\n\n- the reason for your appeal\n\n- a copy of the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal\n\nEmail these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on a hedgerow appeal.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently comment by post. You can still comment by email.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. You\u2019ll normally get a decision within 31 weeks.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. However, you might have to pay another party\u2019s costs too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-hedgerow-notice", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in a small cottage in the Mendips, which lies at one end of a valley whose land is owned by a single farmer who recently removed a hedgerow without obtaining permission. After both I and a local conservation charity had complained about this the local council issued him with a hedgerow replacement notice. He has not complied with this, however, and is now launching an appeal to the planning inspectorate.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to comment on his appeal if I don't have access to internet?" + }, + { + "id": "train-825", + "question": "Scenario: I purchased my current family home in Norwich, England from the local council 9 years ago under the right-to-buy scheme. With my children having now grown up and left home my partner and I are now looking to sell the house and retire to something a little smaller.\n\nQuestion: Can I now sell my home to whomever I like on the open market?\n\nDocument - Right to Buy: buying your council home:\n## Overview\n\nRight to Buy allows most council tenants to buy their council home at a discount. Use the eligibility checker on the Own Your Home website to find out if you can apply.\n\nThere are different rules for Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nYou can apply to buy your council home if:\n\n- it\u2019s your only or main home\n\n- it\u2019s self-contained\n\n- you\u2019re a secure tenant\n\n- you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord (for example, a council, housing association or NHS trust) for 3 years - it does not have to be 3 years in a row\n\n## Joint applications\n\nYou can make a joint application with:\n\n- someone who shares your tenancy\n\n- up to 3 family members who\u2019ve lived with you for the past 12 months (even if they do not share your tenancy)\n\n## Ex-council homes\n\nIf your home used to be owned by the council, but they sold it to another landlord (like a housing association) while you were living in it, you may have the Right to Buy. This is called \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019.\n\nAsk your landlord if this applies to you.\n\n## Other ways to buy your home\n\nIf you were not living in your home when it was sold by the council you may still be able to buy it through the Voluntary Right to Buy pilot.\n\n## Discounts\n\nYou can get a discount on the market value of your home when you buy it if you qualify for Right to Buy.\n\nThe maximum discount is \u00a384,600 across England, except in London boroughs where it is \u00a3112,800. It will increase each year in April in line with the consumer price index (CPI).\n\nThe discount is based on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been a tenant with a public sector landlord\n\n- the type of property you\u2019re buying - a flat or house\n\n- the value of your home\n\nIf you\u2019re buying with someone else, you count the years of whoever\u2019s been a public sector tenant the longest.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to repay some or all your discount if you sell your home within 5 years.\n\nYou might get a smaller discount if you\u2019ve used Right to Buy in the past.\n\n## Working out the discount\n\nUse the Right to Buy calculator to find out how much discount you could get.\n\nThere are different discount levels for houses and flats.\n\n## Houses\n\nYou get a 35% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.\n\nAfter 5 years, the discount goes up 1% for every extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).\n\n## Flats\n\nYou get a 50% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.\n\nAfter 5 years, the discount goes up by 2% for each extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).\n\n## If your landlord has spent money on your home\n\nYour discount will be less if your landlord has spent money building or maintaining your home:\n\n- in the last 10 years - if your landlord built or acquired your home before 2 April 2012\n\n- in the last 15 years - if you\u2019re buying your home through Preserved Right to Buy, or if your landlord acquired your home after 2 April 2012\n\nYou will not get any discount if your landlord has spent more money than your home is now worth.\n\n## Applying\n\n- Fill in the Right to Buy application form (RTB1 notice).\n\n- Send it to your landlord.\n\n- Your landlord must say yes or no within 4 weeks of getting your application (8 weeks if they\u2019ve been your landlord for less than 3 years). If your landlord says no, they must say why.\n\n- If your landlord agrees to sell, they\u2019ll send you an offer. They must do this within 8 weeks of saying yes if you\u2019re buying a freehold property, or 12 weeks if you\u2019re buying a leasehold property.\n\n## Your landlord's offer\n\nIf your landlord agrees to sell, their offer will tell you:\n\n- the price they think you should pay for the property and how it was worked out\n\n- your discount and how it was worked out\n\n- a description of the property and any land included in the price\n\n- estimates of any service charges (for a flat or maisonette) for the first 5 years\n\n- any known problems with the property\u2019s structure, for example, subsidence\n\n## Deciding to buy\n\nYou have 12 weeks after you get your landlord\u2019s offer to tell them you still want to buy.\n\nThe landlord will send you a reminder if you do not reply to the offer. You have 28 days to reply to the reminder, or the landlord could drop your application.\n\nYou can pull out of the sale and continue to rent at any time.\n\n## If you disagree with the landlord\u2019s offer\n\nContact your landlord and tell them why.\n\nIf you think your landlord has set your home\u2019s market value too high, you must write to them within 3 months of getting the offer and ask them for an independent valuation.\n\nA district valuer from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will then visit your home and decide how much it\u2019s worth. You have 12 weeks to accept their valuation or pull out of the sale.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to a tribunal if you\u2019re stopped from buying your home because it\u2019s suitable for housing elderly people.\n\nYou must appeal within 56 days of the council turning down your application.\n\n## Delays\n\nYour landlord must complete parts of your Right to Buy application within set time limits.\n\nYou could get a reduction in the sale price if they do not.\n\n## Applying for a reduction because of a delay\n\nFill in the \u2018Initial notice of delay\u2019 form (RTB6) and send it to your landlord.\n\nYour landlord must then either move the sale along within 1 month or send you a \u2018counter notice\u2019. The counter notice will say that they\u2019ve already replied or explain why they cannot speed things up.\n\nIf your landlord does not reply within a month of getting the RTB6, fill in the \u2018Operative notice of delay\u2019 form (RTB8). This means that any rent you pay while you\u2019re waiting to hear from your landlord could be taken off the sale price.\n\nYou can do this each time your landlord is late getting back to you.\n\n## Selling your home\n\nIf you sell your home within 10 years of buying it through Right to Buy, you must first offer it to either:\n\n- your old landlord\n\n- another social landlord in the area\n\nThe property should be sold at the full market price agreed between you and the landlord.\n\nIf you cannot agree, a district valuer will say how much your home is worth and set the price. You will not have to pay for their valuation.\n\nYou can sell your home to anyone if the landlord does not agree to buy it within 8 weeks.\n\n## Paying back your discount\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay back some or all of the discount you got if you sell your Right to Buy home within 5 years of buying it.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay back all of the discount if you sell within the first year. After that, the total amount you pay back reduces to:\n\n- 80% of the discount in the second year\n\n- 60% of the discount in the third year\n\n- 40% of the discount in the fourth year\n\n- 20% of the discount in the fifth year\n\nThe amount you pay back depends on the value of your home when you sell it.\n\nYou may not have to pay back the discount if you transfer ownership of your home to a member of your family. You\u2019ll need to agree this first with your landlord and then get a solicitor to do this for you.\n\n## Rural homes\n\nYour former landlord may limit who you can sell your home to if your home is in:\n\n- a national park\n\n- an area of outstanding natural beauty\n\n- an area the government says is rural for Right to Buy\n\nFor example, you may have to sell your home to someone who\u2019s lived or worked in the area for more than 3 years. This may mean you have difficulty getting a mortgage to buy your home.\n\nYour landlord will tell you if this could apply to your home when you apply for Right to Buy.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nYou can get free advice about:\n\n- how to complete your Right to Buy application\n\n- whether the scheme is right for you\n\n- how much it will cost you\n\n- your eligibility\n\nAsk your landlord about Right to Buy. They may also be able to help you complete the application form.\n\n## Right to Buy Agent service\n\nThe Right to Buy Agent service offers free advice on things like:\n\n- the Right to Buy process\n\n- eligibility\n\n- filling out your application form\n\n- where you can get financial and legal advice\n\n- what to do if your application is delayed\n\n## Money Advice Service\n\nThe Money Advice Service offers free, impartial advice about money, including buying a home and taking out a mortgage.\n\n## Other help\n\nRead the Right to Buy summary booklet and the Right to Buy guidance.\n\nYou can also get advice on Right to Buy from:\n\n- the Own Your Home website\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Shelter\n\n- your local Law Centre", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-buy-buying-your-council-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I purchased my current family home in Norwich, England from the local council 9 years ago under the right-to-buy scheme. With my children having now grown up and left home my partner and I are now looking to sell the house and retire to something a little smaller.", + "original_question": "Can I now sell my home to whomever I like on the open market?" + }, + { + "id": "train-827", + "question": "Scenario: I am a letting agent working for an agency in Coventry, England. One of our client landlords has asked us to perform right-to-rent checking as part of our upcoming background check on a prospective tenant, but this is not specifically referenced in the current terms and conditions of our current contract.\n\nQuestion: Can we skip the current term and include this check later?\n\nDocument - Check your tenant's right to rent:\n## Who you have to check\n\nYou must check that a tenant or lodger can legally rent your residential property in England.\n\nCheck with the Home Office if the tenant is a Commonwealth citizen but does not have the right documents - they might still have the right to rent in the UK.\n\nBefore the start of a new tenancy, you must check all tenants aged 18 and over, even if:\n\n- they\u2019re not named on the tenancy agreement\n\n- there\u2019s no tenancy agreement\n\n- the tenancy agreement is not in writing\n\nCheck all new tenants. It\u2019s against the law to only check people you think are not British citizens. You must not discriminate against anyone because of where they\u2019re from.\n\nSign up for email updates about the right to rent policy.\n\nIf the tenant is only allowed to stay in the UK for a limited time, you need to do the check in the 28 days before the start of the tenancy.\n\nYou do not need to check tenants in these types of accommodation:\n\n- social housing\n\n- a care home, hospice or hospital\n\n- a hostel or refuge\n\n- a mobile home\n\n- student accommodation\n\nYou also do not need to check tenants if they live in accommodation that:\n\n- is provided by a local authority\n\n- is provided as part of their job (known as \u2018tied accommodation\u2019)\n\n- has a lease that\u2019s 7 years or longer\n\nRead the code of practice to find out if you need to do any other checks instead.\n\n## How to do a check\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) there are temporary changes to the way you can check documents. Read guidance about the adjusted process, including asking for documents digitally, making checks on a video call, and what to do if someone cannot provide any accepted documents.\n\n- Check which adults will use your property as their main home (your \u2018tenants\u2019).\n\n- Ask them for original documents that prove they can live in the UK.\n\n- Check their documents to see if they have the right to rent your property.\n\n- Check that each tenant\u2019s documents are genuine and belong to them, with the tenant present.\n\n- Make and keep copies of the documents and record the date you made the check.\n\nYou can get an unlimited fine or be sent to prison for renting your property to someone who is not allowed to stay in England.\n\n## Checking EU, EEA and Swiss citizens\n\nRight to rent checks continue in the same way as now until 30 June 2021 for citizens of the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein.\n\nContinue checking their passport or national identity card as before. For family members of citizens of the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein, follow the usual guidance for documents you can accept for right to rent checks.\n\nYou cannot insist that citizens of the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein show that they have settled status or pre-settled status when starting a new tenancy before 1 July. You can however ask if they have settled or pre-settled status, and whether they want to use this instead of a passport or identity card.\n\nIf the tenancy starts on or after 1 July 2021 but you check their right to rent before this, you can still use their passport or national identity card.\n\n## Check if the property is used as the tenant\u2019s main home\n\nA property would usually be a tenant\u2019s only or main home if:\n\n- they live there most of the time\n\n- they keep most of their belongings there\n\n- their partner or children live with them\n\n- they\u2019re registered to vote at the property\n\n- they\u2019re registered with the doctor using that address\n\n## Check their original documents\n\nYou need to check that:\n\n- the documents are originals and belong to the tenant\n\n- their permission to stay in the UK has not ended\n\n- the photos on the documents are of the tenant\n\n- the dates of birth are the same in all documents (and are believable)\n\n- the documents are not too damaged or do not look like they\u2019ve been changed\n\n- if any names are different on documents, there are supporting documents to show why, such as a marriage certificate or divorce decree\n\n## If the tenant does not have the right documents\n\nYou must use the landlord\u2019s checking service to check whether the tenant\u2019s allowed to rent without the right documents if:\n\n- the Home Office has their documents\n\n- they have an outstanding case or appeal with the Home Office\n\n- the Home Office told them they have \u2018permission to rent\u2019\n\nYou\u2019ll get an answer within 2 working days.\n\nYou\u2019ll need the tenant\u2019s Home Office reference number to use the service.\n\nDo not rent a property to someone in England if they do not have the right documents and the landlord\u2019s checking service tells you they are not allowed to rent.\n\n## Get help with a check\n\nCall the landlord\u2019s helpline to get help with a check.\n\nYou must follow the landlord\u2019s code of practice on illegal immigrants and private rented accommodation.\n\n## Making copies of the documents\n\nWhen you copy the documents:\n\n- make a copy that cannot be changed, such as a photocopy or a good quality photograph\n\n- for passports, copy every page with the expiry date or applicant\u2019s details (such as nationality, date of birth and photograph), including endorsements, for example a work visa or Certificate of Entitlement to the right of abode in the UK\n\n- copy both sides of biometric residence permits\n\n- make a complete copy of all other documents\n\n- record the date you made the copy\n\nKeep copies of the tenant\u2019s documents for the time they\u2019re your tenants and for one year after.\n\nMake sure you follow data protection law.\n\nIf your tenant does not have any documents, you must check if they\u2019re allowed to rent your property.\n\n## Follow-up checks\n\nYou must do a follow-up check to make sure your tenant can still rent property in the UK if there\u2019s a time limit on their permission to stay.\n\nYou can get a fine if you do not do a follow-up check and your tenant\u2019s permission to stay ends.\n\nDo the follow-up check just before the date that\u2019s the later of:\n\n- the end of your tenant\u2019s permission to stay in the UK\n\n- 12 months after your previous check\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) there are temporary changes to the way you can check documents. Read guidance about the adjusted process, including asking for documents digitally, making checks on a video call, and what to do if someone cannot provide any accepted documents.\n\nYou do not have to do a follow-up check if there\u2019s no time limit on your tenant\u2019s permission to stay in the UK.\n\n## If your tenant fails a follow-up check\n\nYou must tell the Home Office if you find out that your tenant can no longer legally rent property in England after doing a follow-up check.\n\nYou could be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years if your tenant fails a follow-up check and you do not report it to the Home Office.\n\n## Agents and subletting\n\nYou can ask any agents that manage or let your property to carry out the check for you. You should have this agreement in writing.\n\nIf a tenant sub-lets the property without you knowing, they\u2019re responsible for carrying out checks on any sub-tenants. They will be liable for any civil penalties if they do not do the check correctly.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/check-tenant-right-to-rent-documents", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a letting agent working for an agency in Coventry, England. One of our client landlords has asked us to perform right-to-rent checking as part of our upcoming background check on a prospective tenant, but this is not specifically referenced in the current terms and conditions of our current contract.", + "original_question": "Can we skip the current term and include this check later?" + }, + { + "id": "train-830", + "question": "Scenario: I live in a village in SW England and am a keen recreational walker. A nearby farm has recently changed hands, and the new owner is refusing to allow a formerly permissive path across his land to be used as a right of way. However, I have uncovered evidence that this may have been a formal right of way in the past.\n\nQuestion: Can I gain access to this (former) right on way on this basis?\n\nDocument - Rights of way and accessing land:\n## Overview\n\nYou have the right to access some land for walking or certain other leisure activities.\n\nYou can:\n\n- use public roads and pavements or public rights of way, for example footpaths or bridleways\n\n- use your right to roam on open access land including mountains, moors, heaths, downs, common land and some land around the England Coast Path\n\nIf neither of these apply, you may still be able to access private land if:\n\n- the land was used as a public right of way in the past - check old maps and documents\n\n- the land was accessed by the public for at least 20 years and nobody has asked them to stop\n\n- the landowner has given permission (\u2018permissive access\u2019)\n\nHelp protect the natural environment by following the Countryside Code.\n\n## Use public rights of way\n\nYou can walk on all public rights of way.\n\nSome public rights of way are also open to horse riders, cyclists or motorists.\n\nYou can use:\n\n- footpaths - for walking, running, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- bridleways - for walking, horse riding, bicycles, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- restricted byways - for any transport without a motor and mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- byways open to all traffic - for any kind of transport, including cars (but they\u2019re mainly used by walkers, cyclists and horse riders)\n\n## Rights of way in England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nPublic rights of way are marked with signs or coloured arrows, for example yellow for footpaths, blue for bridleways.\n\nYou can find the route of public rights of way:\n\n- on Ordnance Survey and other maps\n\n- on some council websites\n\n## Rights of way in Scotland\n\nYou can find rights of way through the charity Scotways.\n\n## Report problems with a right of way\n\nContact the local council to report a problem, for example obstructions, poor maintenance or a misleading sign.\n\n## Change a public right of way\n\nContact the local council about adding, changing or removing a public right of way temporarily or permanently.\n\nYou can contact the Local Government Ombudsman if you think your council has not dealt with your enquiry properly.\n\n## Use your right to roam\n\nYou can access some land across England without having to use paths - this land is known as \u2018open access land\u2019 or \u2018access land\u2019.\n\nAccess land includes mountains, moors, heaths and downs that are privately owned. It also includes common land registered with the local council and some land around the England Coast Path.\n\nYour right to access this land is called the \u2018right to roam\u2019, or \u2018freedom to roam\u2019.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can use access land for walking, running, watching wildlife and climbing.\n\nThere are certain activities you cannot usually do on open access land, including:\n\n- horse-riding\n\n- cycling\n\n- camping\n\n- taking animals other than dogs on to the land\n\n- driving a vehicle (except mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs)\n\n- water sports\n\nBut you can use access land for horse-riding and cycling if:\n\n- the landowner allows it\n\n- public bridleways or byways cross the land \u2013 horse riders and cyclists can ride along these\n\n- there are local traditions, or rights, of access\n\n## Dogs on open access land\n\nYou must keep your dog on a lead no more than 2 metres long on open access land:\n\n- between 1 March and 31 July - to protect ground-nesting birds\n\n- at all times around livestock\n\nOn land next to the England Coast Path you must keep your dog under close control.\n\nThere may be other local or seasonal restrictions. These do not apply to public rights of way or assistance dogs.\n\n## Excepted land\n\nOn access land some areas remain private (\u2018excepted land\u2019). You do not have the right to access these areas, even if they appear on a map of open access land.\n\nExcepted land includes:\n\n- houses, buildings and the land they\u2019re on (such as courtyards)\n\n- land used to grow crops\n\n- building sites and land that\u2019s being developed\n\n- parks and gardens\n\n- golf courses and racecourses\n\n- railways and tramways\n\n- working quarries\n\nUse public rights of way to cross excepted land.\n\n## Find open access land\n\nSearch for open access land in England and find out about land that\u2019s currently closed to walkers.\n\nFind open access land in Wales.\n\nContact the local council to find common land near you.\n\n## Report problems with open access land\n\nYou can report problems to the local access authority - contact them through the local council.\n\nIf the problem is in a national park, you can contact them directly.\n\nYou can also contact the Open Access Contact Centre for information about open access land in England.\n\n## Access private land\n\nYou may be able to access private land if the landowner has agreed to let people use it, for example for walking, cycling or horse riding (sometimes known as giving \u2018permissive access\u2019). Look for signs.\n\nSearch for farms and other land with access for schools, families and other groups.\n\nSearch for land of outstanding scenic or scientific interest, including land with permissive access, in the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) directory.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-way-open-access-land", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in a village in SW England and am a keen recreational walker. A nearby farm has recently changed hands, and the new owner is refusing to allow a formerly permissive path across his land to be used as a right of way. However, I have uncovered evidence that this may have been a formal right of way in the past.", + "original_question": "Can I gain access to this (former) right on way on this basis?" + }, + { + "id": "train-831", + "question": "Scenario: I live in England and frequently backpack in the hills during my vacation periods. A favourite area of mine has recently been designated as \"open access land\", and I am considering camping there in the near future.\n\nQuestion: Is there a general right to camp on open access land?\n\nDocument - Rights of way and accessing land:\n## Overview\n\nYou have the right to access some land for walking or certain other leisure activities.\n\nYou can:\n\n- use public roads and pavements or public rights of way, for example footpaths or bridleways\n\n- use your right to roam on open access land including mountains, moors, heaths, downs, common land and some land around the England Coast Path\n\nIf neither of these apply, you may still be able to access private land if:\n\n- the land was used as a public right of way in the past - check old maps and documents\n\n- the land was accessed by the public for at least 20 years and nobody has asked them to stop\n\n- the landowner has given permission (\u2018permissive access\u2019)\n\nHelp protect the natural environment by following the Countryside Code.\n\n## Use public rights of way\n\nYou can walk on all public rights of way.\n\nSome public rights of way are also open to horse riders, cyclists or motorists.\n\nYou can use:\n\n- footpaths - for walking, running, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- bridleways - for walking, horse riding, bicycles, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- restricted byways - for any transport without a motor and mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- byways open to all traffic - for any kind of transport, including cars (but they\u2019re mainly used by walkers, cyclists and horse riders)\n\n## Rights of way in England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nPublic rights of way are marked with signs or coloured arrows, for example yellow for footpaths, blue for bridleways.\n\nYou can find the route of public rights of way:\n\n- on Ordnance Survey and other maps\n\n- on some council websites\n\n## Rights of way in Scotland\n\nYou can find rights of way through the charity Scotways.\n\n## Report problems with a right of way\n\nContact the local council to report a problem, for example obstructions, poor maintenance or a misleading sign.\n\n## Change a public right of way\n\nContact the local council about adding, changing or removing a public right of way temporarily or permanently.\n\nYou can contact the Local Government Ombudsman if you think your council has not dealt with your enquiry properly.\n\n## Use your right to roam\n\nYou can access some land across England without having to use paths - this land is known as \u2018open access land\u2019 or \u2018access land\u2019.\n\nAccess land includes mountains, moors, heaths and downs that are privately owned. It also includes common land registered with the local council and some land around the England Coast Path.\n\nYour right to access this land is called the \u2018right to roam\u2019, or \u2018freedom to roam\u2019.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can use access land for walking, running, watching wildlife and climbing.\n\nThere are certain activities you cannot usually do on open access land, including:\n\n- horse-riding\n\n- cycling\n\n- camping\n\n- taking animals other than dogs on to the land\n\n- driving a vehicle (except mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs)\n\n- water sports\n\nBut you can use access land for horse-riding and cycling if:\n\n- the landowner allows it\n\n- public bridleways or byways cross the land \u2013 horse riders and cyclists can ride along these\n\n- there are local traditions, or rights, of access\n\n## Dogs on open access land\n\nYou must keep your dog on a lead no more than 2 metres long on open access land:\n\n- between 1 March and 31 July - to protect ground-nesting birds\n\n- at all times around livestock\n\nOn land next to the England Coast Path you must keep your dog under close control.\n\nThere may be other local or seasonal restrictions. These do not apply to public rights of way or assistance dogs.\n\n## Excepted land\n\nOn access land some areas remain private (\u2018excepted land\u2019). You do not have the right to access these areas, even if they appear on a map of open access land.\n\nExcepted land includes:\n\n- houses, buildings and the land they\u2019re on (such as courtyards)\n\n- land used to grow crops\n\n- building sites and land that\u2019s being developed\n\n- parks and gardens\n\n- golf courses and racecourses\n\n- railways and tramways\n\n- working quarries\n\nUse public rights of way to cross excepted land.\n\n## Find open access land\n\nSearch for open access land in England and find out about land that\u2019s currently closed to walkers.\n\nFind open access land in Wales.\n\nContact the local council to find common land near you.\n\n## Report problems with open access land\n\nYou can report problems to the local access authority - contact them through the local council.\n\nIf the problem is in a national park, you can contact them directly.\n\nYou can also contact the Open Access Contact Centre for information about open access land in England.\n\n## Access private land\n\nYou may be able to access private land if the landowner has agreed to let people use it, for example for walking, cycling or horse riding (sometimes known as giving \u2018permissive access\u2019). Look for signs.\n\nSearch for farms and other land with access for schools, families and other groups.\n\nSearch for land of outstanding scenic or scientific interest, including land with permissive access, in the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) directory.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-way-open-access-land", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in England and frequently backpack in the hills during my vacation periods. A favourite area of mine has recently been designated as \"open access land\", and I am considering camping there in the near future.", + "original_question": "Is there a general right to camp on open access land?" + }, + { + "id": "train-837", + "question": "Scenario: I am the owner-occupier of a house in Birmingham, where I live with my wife. My wife became a paraplegic as a result of a traffic accident three years ago, and this has required us to extend our house to provide extra storage space for her mobility aids.\n\nQuestion: If the extension moves our house into a higher council tax band, can I claim a discount on the basis of my wife's disability?\n\nDocument - Council Tax:\n## Working out your Council Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know 3 things:\n\n- the valuation band for your home in England and Wales or in Scotland\n\n- how much your local council charges for that band\n\n- whether you can get a discount or exemption from the full bill\n\nYou may be able to get Council Tax Reduction (this used to be called Council Tax Benefit) if you\u2019re on a low income or get benefits.\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think your home is in the wrong valuation band.\n\n## Changes that may affect your Council Tax band\n\nYour property may be revalued and put in a different band in some circumstances, for example if:\n\n- you demolish part of your property and do not rebuild it\n\n- you alter your property to create 2 or more self-contained units, for example an annexe - each unit will have its own band\n\n- you split a single property into self-contained flats\n\n- you convert flats into a single property\n\n- you start or stop working from home\n\n- the previous owner made changes to your property\n\n- there are significant changes to your local area, like a new road being built\n\n- a similar property in your area has its Council Tax band changed\n\nAsk the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you want to know if changes to your property will affect your Council Tax band.\n\n## Who has to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax if you\u2019re 18 or over and own or rent a home.\n\nA full Council Tax bill is based on at least 2 adults living in a home. Spouses and partners who live together are jointly responsible for paying the bill.\n\nYou\u2019ll get 25% off your bill if you count as an adult for Council Tax and either:\n\n- you live on your own\n\n- no-one else in your home counts as an adult\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a 50% discount if no-one living in your home, including you, counts as an adult.\n\nYou will not have to pay any Council Tax if everyone in your home, including you, is a full-time student.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Who does not count as an adult?\n\nThese people are not counted as adults for Council Tax:\n\n- children under 18\n\n- people on some apprentice schemes\n\n- 18 and 19-year-olds in full-time education\n\n- full-time college and university students\n\n- young people under 25 who get funding from the Skills Funding Agency or Young People\u2019s Learning Agency\n\n- student nurses\n\n- foreign language assistants registered with the British Council\n\n- people with a severe mental impairment\n\n- live-in carers who look after someone who is not their partner, spouse, or child under 18\n\n- diplomats\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019re unsure about whether you can get a discount or who\u2019s responsible for paying.\n\n## People on apprentice schemes\n\nTo show that you do not qualify as an adult for Council Tax, you\u2019ll need a declaration from your employer stating that:\n\n- you will not be paid more than \u00a3195 a week\n\n- the training leads to a qualification accredited by a body recognised by the Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation (Ofqual) or the Scottish Vocational Education Council (SVEC)\n\n## If you get a Council Tax discount by mistake\n\nYou must tell your council. If you do not, you could get a fine.\n\nThe council may ask you to pay back the discount.\n\n## Discounts for full-time students\n\nHouseholds where everyone\u2019s a full-time student do not have to pay Council Tax. If you do get a bill, you can apply for an exemption.\n\nTo count as a full-time student, your course must:\n\n- last at least 1 year\n\n- involve at least 21 hours study per week\n\nIf you study for a qualification up to A level and you\u2019re under 20, your course must:\n\n- last at least 3 months\n\n- involve at least 12 hours study per week\n\nYou\u2019ll get a Council Tax bill if there\u2019s someone in your household who\u2019s not a full-time student, but your household might still qualify for a discount.\n\n## Discounts for disabled people\n\nPeople who are severely mentally impaired are not included when working out Council Tax.\n\nYou also are not included if you\u2019re a live-in carer looking after someone who is not your partner, spouse, or child under 18.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Disabled Band Reduction Scheme\n\nYou may be eligible for the scheme if you live in a larger property than you would need if you or another occupant were not disabled.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve either:\n\n- an extra bathroom, kitchen or other room that you need for the disabled person\n\n- extra space inside the property for using a wheelchair\n\nThe property must be the main home of at least 1 disabled person. This can be an adult or a child - it does not have to be the person responsible for paying the Council Tax.\n\nCheck if you qualify for the scheme.\n\n## Second homes and empty properties\n\nYou may be able to get a discount if you have a second home or an empty property - it\u2019s up to your council to decide.\n\nCouncils can charge extra Council Tax for empty properties.\n\n## Second homes\n\nYou may pay less Council Tax for a property you own or rent that\u2019s not your main home.\n\nCouncils can give furnished second homes or holiday homes a discount of up to 50%. Contact your council to find out if you can get a discount - it\u2019s up to them how much you can get.\n\n## Empty properties\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax on an empty home, but your council can decide to give you a discount - the amount is up to them. Contact your council to ask about a discount.\n\nYou can be charged up to double your Council Tax if your home has been empty for 2 years or more (unless it\u2019s an annexe or you\u2019re in the armed forces).\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland.\n\n## When you do not pay Council Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re selling a property on behalf of an owner who\u2019s died, you won\u2019t need to pay Council Tax until after you get probate as long as the property remains empty. After probate is granted, you may be able to get a Council Tax exemption for another 6 months if the property is both:\n\n- unoccupied\n\n- still owned and in the name of the person who died\n\nSome homes do not get a Council Tax bill for as long as they stay empty. They include homes:\n\n- of someone in prison (except for not paying a fine or Council Tax)\n\n- of someone who\u2019s moved into a care home or hospital\n\n- that have been repossessed\n\n- that cannot be lived in by law, for example if they\u2019re derelict\n\n- that are empty because they\u2019ve been compulsory purchased and will be demolished\n\nYou may get a discount if your home is undergoing major repair work or structural changes, for example your walls are being rebuilt.\n\n## If your property\u2019s been refurbished\n\nYour council will tell you when you have to start paying Council Tax if you\u2019ve been carrying out major home improvements on an empty property or building a new property.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018completion notice\u2019 that tells you the date you must start paying Council Tax.\n\n## If your property\u2019s derelict\n\nYour property\u2019s only considered derelict if it:\n\n- is not possible to live in it, for example because it\u2019s been damaged by weather, rot or vandalism\n\n- would need major structural works to make it \u2018wind and watertight\u2019 again\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think a derelict property should be removed from the Council Tax valuation list.\n\n## Paying your bill\n\nYour Council Tax bill tells you:\n\n- how much you have to pay for the year\n\n- how that amount has been worked out\n\n- the dates you have to pay\n\nThe cost is usually split into 10 monthly payments. Contact your council immediately if you\u2019re having trouble paying - they can help you, for example by spreading your payments over 12 months instead of 10.\n\nThe council can take action to reclaim any debts you owe if you get behind with your payments.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nYou can usually pay your Council Tax online.\n\nYou can also use \u2018Paypoint\u2019, \u2018Payzone\u2019 or \u2018Quickcards\u2019 for cash payments at post offices, banks, newsagents and convenience stores.\n\nCheck your bill to find out which other payment methods you can use.\n\n## If you\u2019ve overpaid\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019ve paid too much Council Tax and have not received an automatic refund.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the owner-occupier of a house in Birmingham, where I live with my wife. My wife became a paraplegic as a result of a traffic accident three years ago, and this has required us to extend our house to provide extra storage space for her mobility aids.", + "original_question": "If the extension moves our house into a higher council tax band, can I claim a discount on the basis of my wife's disability?" + }, + { + "id": "train-838", + "question": "Scenario: I own and manage a farm in rural Kent, which currently covers 520 hectares. I recently built a new extension to a listed building (a stable block) on my land, but have received an enforcement notice from my local council to remove it on the grounds that I violated the terms of the relevant planning permission.\n\nQuestion: Can I lodge an appeal against this notice by post?\n\nDocument - Appeal an enforcement notice:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority may send you an enforcement notice if you\u2019ve built or changed something without planning permission.\n\nYou can appeal against an enforcement notice if you own, rent or lawfully occupy the property or land it applies to.\n\nAnyone can comment on an appeal.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing, unless you also apply for planning permission.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYour appeal must be received before the date the enforcement notice takes effect.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.\n\nCheck how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one enforcement notice you must make a separate appeal for each. Each person should appeal separately.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit:\n\n- a copy of your enforcement notice\n\n- a plan (if there is one)\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal\n\nYou can upload these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on an enforcement notice appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal.\n\nThe deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you the start date, what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-enforcement-notice", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own and manage a farm in rural Kent, which currently covers 520 hectares. I recently built a new extension to a listed building (a stable block) on my land, but have received an enforcement notice from my local council to remove it on the grounds that I violated the terms of the relevant planning permission.", + "original_question": "Can I lodge an appeal against this notice by post?" + }, + { + "id": "train-841", + "question": "Scenario: I am a prospective tenant, who is considering taking out an assured shorthold tenancy on a 2-bedroom flat in Oxford. I will be unable to finance the required deposit myself; however, my parents have agreed to pay part of it for me.\n\nQuestion: Will contributions to my deposit by my parents be treated differently from my own money?\n\nDocument - Deposit protection schemes and landlords:\n## Overview\n\nYou must place your tenants\u2019 deposit in a tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme if you rent out your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007.\n\nIf you receive a valuable item as a deposit instead of money (for example a car or watch), you do not have to put it in a TDP.\n\nThese government-backed schemes ensure your tenants will get their deposit back if they:\n\n- meet the terms of your tenancy agreement\n\n- do not damage the property\n\n- pay the rent and bills\n\nYou (or your letting agent) must put your tenants\u2019 deposit in the scheme within 30 days of getting it.\n\n## Available schemes\n\nYou can use any of the following schemes if your property is in England or Wales:\n\n- Deposit Protection Service\n\n- MyDeposits\n\n- Tenancy Deposit Scheme\n\nThere are separate TDP schemes in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nAll TDP schemes offer you 2 options:\n\n- the scheme hold the deposit for free - known as a \u2018custodial\u2019 scheme\n\n- you or the agent holds the deposit and you pay the scheme to insure it - known as an \u2018insured\u2019 scheme\n\n## At the end of the tenancy\n\nThe deposit must be returned to your tenants within 10 days of you both agreeing how much they\u2019ll get back.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a dispute with your tenants\n\nThe deposit is protected in the scheme until the issue is settled.\n\nIf you\u2019re in an \u2018insured\u2019 scheme, you or the agent must give the deposit to the TDP scheme. They will hold it until the issue is settled.\n\n## Holding deposits\n\nIf you\u2019ve received a holding deposit from your future tenants (money to \u2018hold\u2019 a property before an agreement is signed), you do not have to protect it. Once they become tenants the holding deposit becomes a deposit, and you must protect it.\n\n## Deposits made by a third party\n\nYou must use a TDP scheme even if the deposit is paid by someone else, like a rent deposit scheme or a tenant\u2019s parents.\n\n## Information you must give to your tenants\n\nWithin 30 days of getting their deposit, you must tell your tenants:\n\n- the address of the rented property\n\n- how much deposit they\u2019ve paid\n\n- how the deposit is protected\n\n- the name and contact details of the tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme and its dispute resolution service\n\n- your (or your letting agency\u2019s) name and contact details\n\n- the name and contact details of any third party who paid the deposit\n\n- why you would keep some or all of the deposit - for example, because your tenants damaged the property and you need to fix it\n\n- how to apply to get the deposit back at the end of the tenancy\n\n- what to do if they cannot get hold of you at the end of the tenancy\n\n- what to do if there\u2019s a dispute over the amount of deposit to be returned at the end of the tenancy\n\n## If you do not protect your tenants' deposit\n\nYour tenants can apply to a county court if you do not use a tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme when you have to. They can do this at any time during the tenancy.\n\nIf the court finds you have not protected the deposit, it can order you to either:\n\n- repay it to your tenants\n\n- pay it into a custodial TDP scheme\u2019s bank account within 14 days\n\nThe court may also order you to repay your tenants up to 3 times their original deposit within 14 days of making the order.\n\n## At the end of the tenancy\n\nThe court may also decide that your tenants do not have to leave the property when the tenancy ends if you did not use a TDP scheme when you should have.\n\n## Disputes\n\nUse your tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme\u2019s free dispute resolution service if you disagree with your tenants about how much deposit should be returned.\n\nContact your TDP scheme for more information on the dispute resolution service. The schemes are:\n\n- Deposit Protection Service\n\n- MyDeposits\n\n- Tenancy Deposit Scheme\n\n## Help and advice\n\nYou can get more help and advice from:\n\n- your local Citizens Advice Bureau\n\n- a solicitor", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deposit-protection-schemes-and-landlords", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a prospective tenant, who is considering taking out an assured shorthold tenancy on a 2-bedroom flat in Oxford. I will be unable to finance the required deposit myself; however, my parents have agreed to pay part of it for me.", + "original_question": "Will contributions to my deposit by my parents be treated differently from my own money?" + }, + { + "id": "train-843", + "question": "Scenario: I live in a small village in the Quantocks, and am active in the Campaign to Protect Rural England. Last year a local shopkeeper attempted to gain planning permission to install some hideous steel shutters on the front of his shop as a security measure; however, this was refused after opposing comments by myself and several others. However, I have now been notified that he intends to appeal this refusal to the planning inspectorate.\n\nQuestion: Can I comment on the storekeeper's appeal to the planning inspectorate?\n\nDocument - Appeal a minor commercial development decision:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority makes decisions on applications about minor commercial developments, for example ground floor alterations like shop fronts and security shutters.\n\nYou can appeal a minor commercial development decision if you disagree with it.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\nOnly the person who made the application can appeal.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 12 weeks of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.\n\nThe deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice - you must appeal within 28 days of the notice.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- the site ownership certificate\n\n- the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit:\n\n- a map of the surrounding area\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal\n\nYou can upload these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nNo-one can comment on a minor commercial development decision appeal.\n\nYour local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal.\n\nThey have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-minor-commercial-development-decision", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in a small village in the Quantocks, and am active in the Campaign to Protect Rural England. Last year a local shopkeeper attempted to gain planning permission to install some hideous steel shutters on the front of his shop as a security measure; however, this was refused after opposing comments by myself and several others. However, I have now been notified that he intends to appeal this refusal to the planning inspectorate.", + "original_question": "Can I comment on the storekeeper's appeal to the planning inspectorate?" + }, + { + "id": "train-846", + "question": "Scenario: I am owed a small amount of money from a debtor which I would like to chase as a matter of principle. I live in London. The debt is a result of a private loan I made to a friend which remains unpaid\n\nQuestion: Does my location have any bearing on whether I can bankrupt my debtor?\n\nDocument - Apply to bankrupt someone who owes you money:\n## Overview\n\nYou have to present a bankruptcy petition to a court if you want to bankrupt someone because they owe you money.\n\nThere are also other ways to recover money you\u2019re owed.\n\nA bankruptcy petition is an application to the court for someone\u2019s assets to be taken and sold to pay their debts.\n\nPresenting a petition can be complicated. Most people use a solicitor or other professional to help them.\n\nUsing a mediation service could be quicker and cheaper. Mediation is when an impartial person helps 2 sides work out an agreement.\n\nYou can contact the Insolvency Service if you have questions about making someone bankrupt.\n\n## How to present a petition\n\n- Prove you\u2019re owed at least \u00a35,000 or a share of debts totalling at least \u00a35,000.\n\n- Check for other bankruptcy petitions against the person who owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019).\n\n- Fill in the forms and deliver them to the court.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe court fees to make someone bankrupt are:\n\n- \u00a3990 petition deposit (for managing the bankruptcy)\n\n- \u00a3280 for court costs\n\nPay the fees using cash, postal order or a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019. You can pay by credit or debit card if you apply online.\n\n## Prove you're owed \u00a35,000 or more\n\nTo make someone bankrupt you must be owed one of the following:\n\n- at least \u00a35,000\n\n- a share of debts that total at least \u00a35,000\n\nYou must provide evidence to the court that you\u2019re owed this money. There are 2 ways to do this.\n\nIf you\u2019ve issued a statutory demand (a request for payment) to the debtor, confirm that you did this by filling in a certificate of service (form N215).\n\nAlternatively, get a sheriff\u2019s or bailiff\u2019s statement showing:\n\n- you got a court judgment for the money\n\n- the sheriff or bailiff could not recover enough assets to pay the debt\n\n## Check for other bankruptcy petitions\n\nYou must check if the debtor has had any bankruptcy petitions against them in the past 18 months. These checks are called \u2018searches\u2019.\n\nMost petitions are presented in the area where the debtor lives. Government departments, including HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), present all petitions in London.\n\n## Check for petitions presented in London\n\nCarry out checks using the public computers at either:\n\n- the Rolls Building of the Royal Courts of Justice\n\n- the Central London County Court\n\nIt costs \u00a311 to use the computers for 15 minutes. You can pay by debit or credit card or with cash.\n\n## Check for petitions presented in a county court outside London\n\nContact the county court for the area where the debtor lives.\n\nThey\u2019ll advise you how to check for petitions.\n\n## When you\u2019ve made your checks\n\nYou must confirm you\u2019ve carried out the searches by writing a declaration - use the wording below and fill in the petition number and the name of the court if applicable.\n\nSign and date the declaration and attach it to your petition form.\n\n## If there\u2019s already a petition or bankruptcy order\n\nIt\u2019s cheaper to support an existing petition than to present your own. Notify the petitioner using the contact details on the petition.\n\nIf there\u2019s already a bankruptcy order, you cannot continue with your petition. Register as a creditor instead.\n\n## Apply\n\nThe bankruptcy petition form you fill in depends on whether:\n\n- the debtor has not responded to a statutory demand\n\n- the sheriff or bailiff could not recover enough assets to pay the debt\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide the following as part of the petition:\n\n- a statement of truth confirming the details of your petition\n\n- a declaration that you\u2019ve carried out searches\n\n- evidence you\u2019re owed money\n\n## Presenting the petition\n\nHow you present the petition will depend on the debtor\u2019s circumstances.\n\nSubmit the petition online if the debtor either:\n\n- lives in London and owes you \u00a350,000 or more\n\n- has \u2018no fixed abode\u2019 (no fixed or regular address)\n\nIt\u2019ll go to the High Court.\n\nOtherwise, give the petition in person to the county court nearest to where the debtor lives or works.\n\n## If the debtor owns a business\n\nChoose the court nearest to the debtor\u2019s business address unless this changed in the last 6 months and they\u2019ve been at their home address longer.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give (\u2018serve\u2019) a copy of the petition to the debtor in person.\n\nIf the debtor has an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA) you\u2019ll also need to give a copy to the supervisor.\n\nSend the court a certificate of service (form N215) to confirm you\u2019ve done this.\n\nIf your case is with the High Court you can only submit the certificate of service online. If it\u2019s with another court you can send it there by post.\n\n## If you cannot serve the petition to the debtor in person\n\nYou can ask the court for permission to serve it in another way, for example by post.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to provide a certificate of service confirming you\u2019ve used a \u2018substituted service\u2019.\n\n## Court hearing\n\nThe court will tell you where and when the petition will be heard. This will be at least 14 days after you served the petition to the debtor.\n\nThe debtor can oppose the petition by giving the court a statement of truth at least 5 days before the hearing.\n\nYou must list the people that you want to appear and speak at the hearing.\n\nThe debtor and a supervisor of an IVA can also appear and speak at the hearing.\n\nAt the end of the hearing the court can:\n\n- stay (delay or stop) the petition\n\n- dismiss the petition\n\n- adjourn (postpone) the hearing\n\n- make a bankruptcy order\n\nIf the court dismisses your petition, you\u2019ll get your petition deposit back.\n\nRead more about what happens after a bankruptcy order is made.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nAn Official Receiver at the Insolvency Service will deal with the early stages of a bankruptcy. They will contact you within 12 weeks of the bankruptcy order being made.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to the court if your petition is rejected.\n\nCheck with the court where you made your petition for how to appeal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-to-bankrupt-someone", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am owed a small amount of money from a debtor which I would like to chase as a matter of principle. I live in London. The debt is a result of a private loan I made to a friend which remains unpaid", + "original_question": "Does my location have any bearing on whether I can bankrupt my debtor?" + }, + { + "id": "train-848", + "question": "Scenario: I live in England . I have an unpaid mortgage due to the change of my income. I was hospitalized the whole of last year due to long terms covid Complications and lost my job.The lender has taken repossession action against me.\n\nQuestion: Can i get a legal aid?\n\nDocument - Repossession:\n## Get advice\n\nYou may be able to postpone or stop your home being repossessed.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind a solicitor.\n\nYou can also get free advice from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- National Debtline\n\n- Shelter\n\n- your local council\n\nThe law for repossession in Scotland is different.\n\n## Before it goes to court\n\n## What your mortgage lender must do\n\nBefore a mortgage lender can repossess your home, they must:\n\n- tell you how much you owe\n\n- consider a request from you to change the way you pay your mortgage\n\n- respond to any offer of payment you make\n\n- give you reasons for turning down your offer of payment within 10 days\n\n- give you a reasonable amount of time to consider any proposal they make\n\n- give you 15 days\u2019 written warning if they plan to start court action\n\n- tell you the date and time of a repossession hearing\n\n- let your council know within 5 days of getting notification of the date of the court hearing, in case you need to apply to the council as homeless\n\n## Finding a solution\n\nEven if your mortgage lender starts a court action, you may still be able to reach an agreement with them.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to attend court to tell the judge about the agreement, unless the court tells you the hearing\u2019s been cancelled or postponed.\n\n## Defence form\n\nIf your lender starts a repossession action against you, the court will send you a blank defence form and guidance on how to fill it in.\n\nYou can use the form to explain why you think the lender should not repossess your home. You need to return it within 14 days.\n\nThe court will also send you:\n\n- copies of the claim forms for possessing your home, filled in by your lender\n\n- a court hearing date\n\n- the court\u2019s contact details\n\n## Help with legal costs\n\n## Legal aid\n\nIf you\u2019re on a low income you may be able to get legal aid.\n\n## Free legal advice on the day\n\nIf you have not got help before, you can get last-minute legal help under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme.\n\nThe scheme runs in county courts in England and Wales. It provides you with a specialist adviser on the day of your hearing who can:\n\n- represent you\n\n- help you come to an arrangement with your mortgage lender to pay off your debts\n\nTo find out about the scheme in your area, contact your local council or the court where your case is being heard.\n\n## The hearing\n\nRepossession hearings normally take place in a judge\u2019s chambers, not in a court room (although it\u2019s treated as a court).\n\nYou can bring an adviser or friend to the hearing, although they must be an adult.\n\nIf you do not attend the court hearing, it\u2019s likely the judge will give your mortgage lender the right to evict you.\n\nYou must keep to any agreement you make in court to pay off arrears. If you do not, you may still risk losing your home.\n\n## What to bring with you\n\nYou\u2019ll likely be asked for proof of your finances. This can include:\n\n- payslips\n\n- bank statements\n\n- job offers\n\n- letters about benefits\n\n- estate agent letter, for example if you\u2019re trying to sell your home to pay off the mortgage\n\n## Repossession orders\n\nThe lender can only repossess your home if the court grants permission.\n\nThe judge could decide to:\n\n- adjourn (delay) the hearing\n\n- set aside the case, which means no order will be made and the hearing is finished\n\n- make a repossession order\n\n## Outright possession order\n\nThis gives the lender a legal right to own your home on the date given in the order and is sometimes called an \u2018order for possession\u2019. This is usually 28 days after your court hearing.\n\nIf you do not leave your home by the date given in the order, your lender can ask the court to evict you.\n\n## Suspended possession order\n\nThis means that if you make regular payments as set out in the order, you can stay in your home.\n\nIf you do not make the payments, your lender can ask the court to evict you.\n\n## Money order\n\nThis means that you have to pay the lender the amount set out in the order.\n\nIf you do not make these payments:\n\n- money could be deducted from your wages or bank account\n\n- bailiffs may take away things you own\n\nYour lender cannot use a money order to evict you from your home. If you do not make payments set out in a money order on time, your lender could go to court again. As a result, the judge could decide to give them a possession order.\n\n## Possession order with money judgment\n\nA money judgment is usually added to a possession order. It means you owe a specific amount of money usually made up of:\n\n- your mortgage arrears\n\n- court fees\n\n- your lender\u2019s legal costs\n\nA money judgment will not apply if:\n\n- you pay your mortgage arrears and any amount set out in a suspended order\n\n- your lender sells your home and the sale price is more than the amount set out in the money judgment\n\nIf you do not pay the amount set out in the money judgment, the lender may ask the court to carry out the instructions in the possession order and the judgment.\n\n## Time order\n\nThis means that the judge changes the amount you pay on your mortgage for a set time by:\n\n- changing the regular amount you pay\n\n- changing the interest rate on your mortgage\n\n- delaying the next time you have to make a payment\n\nIf you do not make the payments, your lender can ask the court to evict you.\n\nA time order is usually only made on some types of loan like a second mortgage.\n\n## Delaying eviction\n\nYou can ask a judge to \u2018suspend the warrant for possession\u2019. This means delaying the eviction or allowing you to stay in your home if you are able to make payments again.\n\nA new hearing will be held but the judge will not automatically agree to suspend the possession warrant \u2013 it depends what happens in court.\n\nIf you want to get a warrant suspended, get advice immediately.\n\n## Applying for a suspension\n\nIf you want to apply for a suspension, you should fill out the application notice and either send it or deliver it to the court.\n\nYou must tell the court that you need a hearing at short notice (before your eviction date). You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee.\n\nYou may not have to pay the fee (otherwise known as \u2018fee remission\u2019) if you\u2019re on benefits or low pay.\n\n## Appealing a judge's decision\n\nIf you think the judge made mistakes about the law or the facts of your case in the original hearing, you may be able to appeal.\n\nGet legal advice if you want to appeal.\n\nNormally the appeal will be heard by a more senior judge.\n\n## Permission to appeal\n\nYou can ask the judge at the end of your original possession hearing if you can appeal.\n\nIf the judge refuses to give permission to appeal, you can ask a more senior judge.\n\nIf you get permission, make an application as soon as possible after your original possession hearing. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee.\n\nYou may not have to pay the fee if you\u2019re on benefits or low pay.\n\n## What could happen\n\nAt the appeal, the judge can make a number of decisions including:\n\n- keeping the original decision\n\n- dismissing the previous decision or changing it\n\n- ordering a new hearing\n\nThe judge can also decide who pays the legal costs of the appeal.\n\n## If your home is repossessed\n\n## Help from your council\n\nYour local council must give you advice to help you find a new home.\n\nDepending on your circumstances, they may also be able to provide you with emergency accommodation or a more permanent home.\n\n## Buying another property\n\nYou must tell any new mortgage lender that your previous home was repossessed. This could make getting a new mortgage hard.\n\nYour previous lender may be able to claim some of the proceeds of your new home if you still owe them money when you sell it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repossession", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in England . I have an unpaid mortgage due to the change of my income. I was hospitalized the whole of last year due to long terms covid Complications and lost my job.The lender has taken repossession action against me.", + "original_question": "Can i get a legal aid?" + }, + { + "id": "train-849", + "question": "Scenario: My partner and I are in our late twenties and both of us work full time. We are not married but have a civil partnership that has lasted for nearly 8 years. We have no immediate plans to marry.\n\nQuestion: Can we claim married couple's allowance?\n\nDocument - Married Couple's Allowance:\n## Overview\n\nMarried Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.\n\nYou can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner\n\n- one of you was born before 6 April 1935\n\nFor marriages before 5 December 2005, the husband\u2019s income is used to work out Married Couple\u2019s Allowance. For marriage and civil partnerships after this date, it\u2019s the income of the highest earner.\n\nIf you and your partner were born on or after 6 April 1935, you may be able to claim Marriage Allowance instead.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nMarried Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill each year if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.\n\nFor the 2021 to 2022 tax year, it could cut your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.\n\nUse the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance calculator to work out what you could get.\n\nIf you marry or register a civil partnership, you\u2019ll get the allowance on a pro-rata basis for the rest of that tax year.\n\nIf one of you dies or you divorce or separate, the allowance continues until the end of the tax year.\n\nYou can transfer your Married Couple\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner.\n\nIf you and your spouse or civil partner are separated through circumstance rather than through a decision to formally separate, you can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner\n\n- one of you was born before 6 April 1935\n\nYou can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re unable to live with your spouse or civil partner because of:\n\n- illness or old age, for example where your spouse or partner is in residential care\n\n- working away from home\n\n- an armed forces posting\n\n- being in prison\n\n- training or education\n\nUse the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance calculator to work out what you could get.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## If you fill in a Self Assessment tax return each year\n\nClaim by completing the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance section of the tax return.\n\n## If you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return each year\n\nContact HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) with details of your:\n\n- marriage or civil partnership ceremony\n\n- spouse or civil partner - including their date of birth\n\n## Further information\n\n## Transfer unused Married Couple\u2019s Allowance after the tax year ends\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner pays tax, you can transfer any Married Couple\u2019s Allowance that you have not used because:\n\n- you do not pay tax\n\n- your tax bill is not high enough\n\nFill in form 575 or ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to post you a copy.\n\n## Share or transfer your Married Couple\u2019s Allowance before the tax year starts\n\nYou and your spouse (or civil partner) can:\n\n- share the minimum Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\n- transfer the whole of the minimum Married Couple\u2019s Allowance from one to the other\n\nFill in form 18 before the start of the tax year. You can also contact HMRC to get a copy in the post.\n\n## Tax allowances and giving to charity\n\nIf you pay tax and give money to a UK charity using Gift Aid, contact HMRC. It can increase the tax allowances if you were born before 6 April 1938.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/married-couples-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner and I are in our late twenties and both of us work full time. We are not married but have a civil partnership that has lasted for nearly 8 years. We have no immediate plans to marry.", + "original_question": "Can we claim married couple's allowance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-850", + "question": "Scenario: My husband of forty years and I claim married couples' allowance. We are both retired but are very active in our local community. A lot of our income goes towards local charities.\n\nQuestion: Do we get a tax break due to our charitable donations?\n\nDocument - Married Couple's Allowance:\n## Overview\n\nMarried Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.\n\nYou can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner\n\n- one of you was born before 6 April 1935\n\nFor marriages before 5 December 2005, the husband\u2019s income is used to work out Married Couple\u2019s Allowance. For marriage and civil partnerships after this date, it\u2019s the income of the highest earner.\n\nIf you and your partner were born on or after 6 April 1935, you may be able to claim Marriage Allowance instead.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nMarried Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill each year if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.\n\nFor the 2021 to 2022 tax year, it could cut your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.\n\nUse the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance calculator to work out what you could get.\n\nIf you marry or register a civil partnership, you\u2019ll get the allowance on a pro-rata basis for the rest of that tax year.\n\nIf one of you dies or you divorce or separate, the allowance continues until the end of the tax year.\n\nYou can transfer your Married Couple\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner.\n\nIf you and your spouse or civil partner are separated through circumstance rather than through a decision to formally separate, you can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner\n\n- one of you was born before 6 April 1935\n\nYou can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re unable to live with your spouse or civil partner because of:\n\n- illness or old age, for example where your spouse or partner is in residential care\n\n- working away from home\n\n- an armed forces posting\n\n- being in prison\n\n- training or education\n\nUse the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance calculator to work out what you could get.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## If you fill in a Self Assessment tax return each year\n\nClaim by completing the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance section of the tax return.\n\n## If you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return each year\n\nContact HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) with details of your:\n\n- marriage or civil partnership ceremony\n\n- spouse or civil partner - including their date of birth\n\n## Further information\n\n## Transfer unused Married Couple\u2019s Allowance after the tax year ends\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner pays tax, you can transfer any Married Couple\u2019s Allowance that you have not used because:\n\n- you do not pay tax\n\n- your tax bill is not high enough\n\nFill in form 575 or ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to post you a copy.\n\n## Share or transfer your Married Couple\u2019s Allowance before the tax year starts\n\nYou and your spouse (or civil partner) can:\n\n- share the minimum Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\n- transfer the whole of the minimum Married Couple\u2019s Allowance from one to the other\n\nFill in form 18 before the start of the tax year. You can also contact HMRC to get a copy in the post.\n\n## Tax allowances and giving to charity\n\nIf you pay tax and give money to a UK charity using Gift Aid, contact HMRC. It can increase the tax allowances if you were born before 6 April 1938.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/married-couples-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My husband of forty years and I claim married couples' allowance. We are both retired but are very active in our local community. A lot of our income goes towards local charities.", + "original_question": "Do we get a tax break due to our charitable donations?" + }, + { + "id": "train-851", + "question": "Scenario: My wife and i would like to have the windows replaced on our house. It seemed easy at first but we are confused as to what we need to do about Building Regulations.\n\nQuestion: Can our contractor handle this for us?\n\nDocument - Building regulations approval:\n## When you need approval\n\nYou must check if you need approval before you construct or change buildings in certain ways.\n\nYou do not need to get approval yourself if you use someone registered with a competent person scheme.\n\nFind out about the rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nBuilding regulations approval is different from planning permission. You might need both.\n\n## Work covered by building regulations\n\nThe Building Regulations 2010 cover the construction and extension of buildings.\n\nYou might also need building regulations approval for many alteration projects, including if you plan to:\n\n- replace fuse boxes and connected electrics\n\n- install a bathroom that will involve plumbing\n\n- change electrics near a bath or shower\n\n- put in a fixed air-conditioning system\n\n- replace windows and doors\n\n- replace roof coverings on pitched and flat roofs\n\n- install or replace a heating system\n\n- add extra radiators to a heating system\n\nYou could need approval, or to follow special rules, for works not listed here - so always research your particular project.\n\nCheck with a building control body if you cannot decide if you need approval.\n\nYou do not need advance approval for emergency repairs to your boiler or heating system, but there are rules you must follow.\n\n## Penalties and problems\n\nThe person doing the work could be prosecuted and fined if they do not comply with building regulations.\n\nYour local authority could make you pay for faulty work to be fixed.\n\nWithout approval you will not have the certificates of compliance you may need when you want to sell your home.\n\n## When you do not need approval\n\nYou do not need to apply for approval yourself if the work is not covered by building regulations, or if it\u2019s carried out by someone who\u2019s registered with a competent person scheme.\n\n## Work that does not need approval\n\nYou do not need building regulations approval for some exempt projects, including:\n\n- most repairs, replacements and maintenance work (except heating systems, oil tanks, fuse boxes and glazing units)\n\n- new power and lighting points, or changes to existing circuits (except around baths and showers)\n\n- like-for-like replacements of baths, toilets, basins and sinks\n\nFind out more about common projects and check when you do and do not need approval.\n\nCheck with a building control body if you\u2019re still not sure what to do.\n\n## Hire a \u2018competent person\u2019\n\nIf your project needs approval but you\u2019d rather not apply yourself, you can hire a tradesperson registered with a competent person scheme instead.\n\nYou must meet safety and energy efficiency standards even if you do not need formal approval.\n\n## Use a competent person scheme\n\nCompetent person schemes are a way for tradespeople to prove their ability to carry out certain work to required standards, instead of you applying for building regulations approval.\n\n## Benefits of a registered tradesperson\n\nAn installer (eg of windows or boilers) who\u2019s registered with a scheme can self-certify that their work complies with buildings standards and can deal with building control issues, like objections.\n\nIf needed, they\u2019ll tell your local authority about work on your behalf. They\u2019ll also give you a certificate within 8 weeks of completion which can be used as evidence of compliance - it will also show up in solicitors\u2019 searches if you come to sell your home.\n\nCompetent person schemes have insurance-backed warranties and complaints procedures if there\u2019s a problem with the work.\n\n## Find a \u2018competent person\u2019\n\nSearch the Competent Persons Register to find a tradesperson, or check that they belong to a scheme.\n\nSearch the Electrical Competent Person Register if you\u2019re looking for an electrician to work on your home.\n\nYou may have to correct the work or pay a fine if building regulations are not followed.\n\n## How to apply\n\nContact a \u2018building control body\u2019 (BCB) to check the building regulations or apply for approval.\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Where to apply\n\nThere are 2 types of BCB. It\u2019s up to you which you use.\n\n## Local authority BCBs\n\nYou can apply for approval from your council.\n\n## Private BCBs\n\nYou can apply through a private approved inspector.\n\nThey\u2019ll tell your local authority about the work. This is called giving an \u2018initial notice\u2019.\n\n## Choose a type of application\n\nYou must decide on the type of application for your planned build, extension or alteration work.\n\n## Full plans\n\nThis is the most thorough option. You can expect a decision within 5 weeks, or 2 months with your consent.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a completion certificate within 8 weeks of completion of the building work as long as it complies.\n\n## Building notice\n\nThis type of application is only for smaller projects. You can start work 2 days after your notice has been submitted to your BCB. You do not get formal approval like you do with full plans.\n\n## Regularisation\n\nYou can apply for \u2018regularisation\u2019 - retrospective approval for work already carried out without consent - from a local authority BCB only.\n\nOnly work carried out after 11 November 1985 can be approved in this way.\n\nYou might need to make alterations before your BCB can agree the work complies and give you a regularisation certificate.\n\nYou may have to correct the work or pay a fine if building regulations are not followed.\n\n## Fees and costs\n\nLocal authority BCBs base their fees on the costs of their work, like site inspections.\n\nWhat you\u2019ll pay depends on the:\n\n- type of work involved\n\n- number of dwellings in the building\n\n- total floor area, eg in the case of extensions\n\nPrivate BCBs negotiate their fees directly with you.\n\nYou might not have to pay a fee for works carried out solely for a person with a disability.\n\n## Appeals and determinations\n\nYou can appeal if you think your project should not have to comply with building regulations.\n\nAsk for a \u2018determination\u2019 if you\u2019re refused building regulations approval and you think the building control body (BCB) decision is unfair.\n\n## If you think you should not have to comply\n\nAsk your local authority to ignore or relax one or more of the building regulations if you think your project shouldn\u2019t have to comply with them.\n\nIf the local authority still says you have to comply, you can appeal to government. You have a month to make the appeal.\n\nFind out about making an appeal.\n\nYou cannot ask a private BCB to ignore or relax the building regulations. You\u2019ll have to ask your local authority BCB instead.\n\n## If the BCB refuses building regulations approval\n\nYou can ask for a \u2018determination\u2019 - a decision by government - if a BCB says your plans do not comply but you believe they do. Find out about asking for a determination.\n\n## How to appeal or get a determination\n\nYou\u2019ll need to read the guidance and fill in a form.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee when you ask for a determination unless your building work is for disabled people. You don\u2019t have to pay a fee to appeal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/building-regulations-approval", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My wife and i would like to have the windows replaced on our house. It seemed easy at first but we are confused as to what we need to do about Building Regulations.", + "original_question": "Can our contractor handle this for us?" + }, + { + "id": "train-853", + "question": "Scenario: My grandfather has terminal lung cancer and has been given only 6 months to live. He has a lifetime allowance of \u00a3990,000. He is 60 years old.\n\nQuestion: Can he be paid a tax free lampsum of all his money?\n\nDocument - Tax when you get a pension:\n## What\u2019s taxed\n\nYou pay tax if your total annual income adds up to more than your Personal Allowance. Find out about your Personal Allowance and Income Tax rates.\n\nYour total income could include:\n\n- the State Pension you get (either the basic State Pension or the new State Pension)\n\n- Additional State Pension\n\n- a private pension (workplace or personal) - you can take some of this tax-free\n\n- earnings from employment or self-employment\n\n- any taxable benefits you get\n\n- any other income, such as money from investments, property or savings\n\nYou may have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from a private pension. You may also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.\n\n## If your private pensions total more than \u00a31,073,100\n\nYou usually pay a tax charge if the total value of your private pensions is more than \u00a31,073,100. Your pension provider will take off the charge before you get your payment.\n\n## Tax if someone inherits your pension\n\nOther rules apply if someone inherits your State pension or your private pension.\n\n## What's tax-free\n\nYou won\u2019t usually pay any tax if your total annual income adds up to less than your Personal Allowance.\n\n## Lump sums from your pension\n\nYou can usually take up to 25% of the amount built up in any pension as a tax-free lump sum. The tax-free lump sum doesn\u2019t affect your Personal Allowance.\n\nTax is taken off the remaining amount before you get it.\n\nWhen you can take your pension depends on your pension\u2019s rules. It\u2019s usually 55 at the earliest.\n\nYou might have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from your pension. You could also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.\n\n## How you can take your pension\n\n## A pension worth up to \u00a310,000\n\nYou can usually take any pension worth up to \u00a310,000 in one go. This is called a \u2018small pot\u2019 lump sum. If you take this option, 25% is tax-free.\n\nYou can usually get:\n\n- up to 3 small pot lump sums from different personal pensions\n\n- unlimited small pot lump sums from different workplace pensions\n\n## A pension worth up to \u00a330,000 that includes a defined benefit pension\n\nIf you have \u00a330,000 or less in all of your private pensions, you can usually take everything you have in your defined benefit pension or defined contribution pension as a \u2018trivial commutation\u2019 lump sum. If you take this option, 25% is tax-free.\n\nIf this lump sum is paid from more than one pension, you must:\n\n- have your savings in each scheme valued by the provider on the same day, no more than 3 months before you get the first payment\n\n- get all payments within 12 months of the first payment\n\nIf you take payments from a pension before taking the rest as a lump sum, you pay tax on the whole lump sum.\n\n## Cash from a defined contribution pension\n\nCheck with your provider about how you can take money from a defined contribution pension. You can take:\n\n- all the money built up in your pension as cash - up to 25% is tax-free\n\n- smaller cash sums from your pension - up to 25% of each sum is tax-free\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge on money you put into your pension after you withdraw cash.\n\n## If your life expectancy is less than a year\n\nYou may be able to take all the money in your pension as a tax-free lump sum, if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness\n\n- you\u2019re under 75\n\n- you don\u2019t have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings\n\nIf you\u2019re over 75 you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the lump sum.\n\nCheck with your pension provider. Some pension funds will keep at least 50% of your pension for your spouse or civil partner.\n\n## How your tax is paid\n\n## If you get the State Pension and a private pension\n\nYour pension provider will take off any tax you owe before they pay you. They\u2019ll also take off any tax you owe on your State Pension.\n\nIf you get payments from more than one provider (for example, from a workplace pension and a personal pension), HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask one of your providers to take the tax off your State Pension.\n\nAt the end of the tax year you\u2019ll get a P60 from your pension provider showing how much tax you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## If the State Pension is your only income\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for paying any tax you owe. Fill in and send a Self Assessment tax return if you owe anything.\n\nIf you started getting your pension on or after 6 April 2016, don\u2019t send a tax return. HMRC will write to tell you what you owe and how to pay.\n\n## If you continue to work\n\nYour employer will take any tax due off your earnings and your State Pension. This is called Pay As You Earn (PAYE).\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you must fill in a Self Assessment tax return at the end of the tax year. You must declare your overall income, including the State Pension and money from private pensions, for example your workplace pension.\n\n## If you have other income\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for paying any tax you owe on income other than money from your pensions. You might have to fill in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much tax.\n\n## Tax codes\n\nIf your income only comes from one source you\u2019ll usually have one tax code.\n\nYou can have several tax codes if you have income from more than one source.\n\nYou can get your tax code corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## Tax when you live abroad\n\nIf you live abroad but are classed as a UK resident for tax purposes, you may have to pay UK tax on your pension. The amount you pay depends on your income.\n\nIf you\u2019re not a UK resident, you don\u2019t usually pay UK tax on your pension. But you might have to pay tax in the country you live in. There are a few exceptions - for example, UK civil service pensions will always be taxed in the UK.\n\n## Double tax\n\nIf you live in a country without a \u2018double taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK, you might have to pay tax in both countries.\n\n## Higher tax on unauthorised payments\n\nYou\u2019ll pay up to 55% tax on payments from your pension provider if they make an \u2018unauthorised payment\u2019. This is a payment made outside of the government\u2019s tax rules and usually includes:\n\n- any payments before you\u2019re 55 (there are exceptions)\n\n- a \u2018trivial commutation\u2019 lump sum of over \u00a330,000\n\n- regular payments into your account after you\u2019ve died\n\nSome companies advertise personal loans or cash advances if you take your pension early. These payments are unauthorised and you have to pay tax on them.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My grandfather has terminal lung cancer and has been given only 6 months to live. He has a lifetime allowance of \u00a3990,000. He is 60 years old.", + "original_question": "Can he be paid a tax free lampsum of all his money?" + }, + { + "id": "train-856", + "question": "Scenario: I am a UK citizen and I own a house in South Africa. I live there for 3 months of the year. It is my perfect choice for a holiday break.\n\nQuestion: Can i nominate it for tax relief?\n\nDocument - Tax when you sell your home:\n## Private Residence Relief\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:\n\n- you have one home and you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it\n\n- you have not let part of it out - this does not include having a lodger\n\n- you have not used a part of your home exclusively for business purposes (using a room as a temporary or occasional office does not count as exclusive business use)\n\n- the grounds, including all buildings, are less than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre) in total\n\n- you did not buy it just to make a gain\n\nIf all these apply you will automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief and will have no tax to pay. If any of them apply, you may have some tax to pay.\n\nFind out if you\u2019re eligible for Private Residence Relief.\n\nMarried couples and civil partners can only count one property as their main home at any one time.\n\nThe rules are different if you sell property that\u2019s not your home or if you live abroad.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYou may need to pay tax when you sell your home if you do not qualify for full Private Residence Relief.\n\nIf you have tax to pay you need to work out how much gain you made when you sold your home.\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your home and what you sold it for. Use the market value instead if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited the asset (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\nIf you\u2019re not resident in the UK for tax, you only pay tax on gains since 5 April 2015.\n\n## Deducting costs\n\nYou can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:\n\n- estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees\n\n- costs of improvement works, for example for an extension - normal maintenance costs like decorating do not count\n\nYou cannot deduct certain costs, like interest on a loan to buy your property. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\nThere are special rules for calculating your gain if you sell a lease or your home is compulsorily purchased.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nOnce you know your gain and have worked out how much tax relief you get, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou cannot use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares\n\n- reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own\n\n- claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax\n\n## If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Living away from your home\n\nYou may get less Private Residence Relief if you live away from your home. However, you always get relief for certain periods.\n\nThe rules are different if you\u2019re not UK resident for tax.\n\n## Periods that always qualify for relief\n\nNo matter how many homes you own or where you lived at the time, you always get relief for the last 9 months before you sold your home.\n\nIt must have been your only or main residence at some point while you owned it.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get relief for up to the first 2 years that you owned the home if both the following apply:\n\n- it was being built, renovated or you could not sell your old home\n\n- you lived in it as your only or main residence within 2 years of owning it\n\nYou get relief for these periods even if you nominated a different home as your main home.\n\n## If you have one home or you nominated your home\n\nYou get relief if you were away from it for:\n\n- any reason for periods adding up to 3 years\n\n- up to 4 years if you had to live away from home in the UK for work\n\n- any period if you were working outside the UK\n\nYou must have lived in the home before and afterwards, unless your work prevented you.\n\nIf you only own one home you get relief for the last 36 months before you sold your home if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re disabled\n\n- you\u2019re in long-term residential care\n\n- you sold the property before 6 April 2014\n\nYou get relief for the last 18 months if none of these apply, but you sold your home before 6 April 2020.\n\n## If you own more than one home\n\nIn most cases, you only get relief for one home for any period. You must work out when you lived in each property as your main home.\n\nIf you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership only one home per couple counts as your main home for any period.\n\nIf you\u2019ve nominated a home you cannot get relief for another property for the time your home is nominated, apart from for the periods that always qualify for relief.\n\nThere are other rules that affect tax relief when you sell your home.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure how the rules apply to you, call the Capital Gains Tax helpline.\n\n## Nominating a home\n\nIf you nominate a property as your main home you qualify for relief for most of the time you live away. You must have lived in the home as your only or main residence at some point while you owned it.\n\nThe rules are different if you\u2019re not UK resident for tax.\n\nYou cannot get relief for another property for the time your home is nominated, apart from for certain periods that always qualify for relief.\n\nYou can nominate one property as your main home by writing to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). Include the address of the home you want to nominate. All the owners of the property must sign the letter.\n\nIf you want to nominate a home you must do this within 2 years every time your combination of homes changes.\n\nIf you do not nominate a home and you sell one of your properties you must work out how long you lived in it as your main home.\n\n## Overseas properties\n\nFrom 6 April 2015, you can only nominate an overseas property if you lived in it for at least 90 days in the tax year.\n\n## If you let out your home\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019ve let out your home. How much you pay depends on how long you lived in it.\n\nHaving a lodger does not count as letting out your home.\n\n## Work out how much tax you have to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll pay tax on your \u2018chargeable gain\u2019. This is your gain minus any Private Residence Relief you\u2019re eligible for.\n\nYou get full relief for:\n\n- the years you lived in the home\n\n- the last 9 months you owned the home - even if you were not living there at the time\n\nIf you sold the property between 6 April 2014 and 6 April 2020, you get relief for the last 18 months you owned it.\n\nIf you only own one home and you\u2019re disabled, in long-term residential care or sold the property before 6 April 2014 you get full relief for the last 36 months you owned it.\n\n## If you only let out part of your home\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out what proportion of your home you lived in. You only get Private Residence Relief on this proportion of your gain.\n\n## Claim Letting Relief\n\nIf you lived in your home at the same time as your tenants, you may qualify for Letting Relief on gains you make when you sell the property.\n\nYou can get the lowest of the following:\n\n- the same amount you got in Private Residence Relief\n\n- \u00a340,000\n\n- the same amount as the chargeable gain you made while letting out part of your home\n\nLetting Relief does not cover any proportion of the chargeable gain you make while your home is empty.\n\nThere are other rules that may affect the amount of Capital Gains Tax you need to pay.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure how the rules apply to you, call the Capital Gains Tax helpline.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a UK citizen and I own a house in South Africa. I live there for 3 months of the year. It is my perfect choice for a holiday break.", + "original_question": "Can i nominate it for tax relief?" + }, + { + "id": "train-857", + "question": "Scenario: During the COVID19 Pandemic it was deemed that I should work from home. This now means that my household bills have increased as i am using the utilities more and more.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim tax relief on my increased utilities cost?\n\nDocument - Claim tax relief for your job expenses:\n## Overview\n\nYou might be able to claim tax relief if:\n\n- you use your own money for things that you must buy for your job\n\n- you only use these things for your work\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief if your employer either gives you:\n\n- all the money back\n\n- an alternative, for example your employer gives you a laptop but you want a different type or model\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou must have paid tax in the year. You\u2019ll get tax relief based on what you\u2019ve spent and the rate at which you pay tax.\n\nFor some claims, you must keep records of what you\u2019ve spent. You must claim within 4 years of the end of the tax year that you spent the money.\n\nIf your claim is for the current tax year, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will usually make any adjustments needed through your tax code.\n\nIf your claim is for previous tax years, HMRC will either make adjustments through your tax code or give you a tax refund.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Working from home\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief for additional household costs if you have to work at home on a regular basis, either for all or part of the week. This includes if you have to work from home because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief if you choose to work from home.\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief for:\n\n- gas and electricity\n\n- metered water\n\n- business phone calls, including dial-up internet access\n\nYou cannot claim for the whole bill, just the part that relates to your work.\n\nYou may also be able to claim tax relief on equipment you\u2019ve bought, such as a laptop, chair or mobile phone.\n\n## How much you can claim\n\nYou can either claim tax relief on:\n\n- \u00a36 a week from 6 April 2020 (for previous tax years the rate is \u00a34 a week) - you will not need to keep evidence of your extra costs\n\n- the exact amount of extra costs you\u2019ve incurred above the weekly amount - you\u2019ll need evidence such as receipts, bills or contracts\n\nYou\u2019ll get tax relief based on the rate at which you pay tax. For example, if you pay the 20% basic rate of tax and claim tax relief on \u00a36 a week you would get \u00a31.20 per week in tax relief (20% of \u00a36).\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Uniforms, work clothing and tools\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief on the cost of:\n\n- repairing or replacing small tools you need to do your job (for example, scissors or an electric drill)\n\n- cleaning, repairing or replacing specialist clothing (for example, a uniform or safety boots)\n\nYou cannot claim relief on the initial cost of buying small tools or clothing for work.\n\n## Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief for PPE. If your job requires you to use PPE your employer should either:\n\n- give you PPE free of charge\n\n- ask you to buy it and reimburse you the costs\n\n## How much you can claim\n\nYou can either claim:\n\n- the actual amount you\u2019ve spent - you\u2019ll need to keep receipts\n\n- an agreed fixed amount (a \u2018flat rate expense\u2019 or \u2018flat rate deduction\u2019)\n\nCheck if your job has an agreed flat rate expense.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Vehicles you use for work\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief if you use cars, vans, motorcycles or bicycles for work.\n\nThis does not include travelling to and from your work, unless it\u2019s a temporary place of work.\n\nHow much you can claim depends on whether you\u2019re using:\n\n- a vehicle that you\u2019ve bought or leased with your own money\n\n- a vehicle owned or leased by your employer (a company vehicle)\n\n## Using your own vehicle for work\n\nIf you use your own vehicle or vehicles for work, you may be able to claim tax relief on the approved mileage rate. This covers the cost of owning and running your vehicle. You cannot claim separately for things like:\n\n- fuel\n\n- electricity\n\n- road tax\n\n- MOTs\n\n- repairs\n\nTo work out how much you can claim for each tax year you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- keep records of the dates and mileage or your work journeys\n\n- add up the mileage for each vehicle type you\u2019ve used for work\n\n- take away any amount your employer pays you towards your costs, (sometimes called a \u2018mileage allowance\u2019)\n\n## Approved mileage rates\n\n| | First 10,000 business miles in the tax year | Each business mile over 10,000 in the tax year |\n\n| Cars and vans | 45p | 25p |\n\n| Motorcycles | 24p | 24p |\n\n| Bicycles | 20p | 20p |\n\n## Using a company car for business\n\nYou can claim tax relief on the money you\u2019ve spent on fuel and electricity, for business trips in your company car. Keep records to show the actual cost of the fuel.\n\nIf your employer reimburses some of the money, you can claim relief on the difference.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Professional fees and subscriptions\n\nYou can claim tax relief on:\n\n- professional membership fees, if you must pay the fees to be able to do your job\n\n- annual subscriptions you pay to approved professional bodies or learned societies if being a member of that body or society is relevant to your job\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief on life membership subscriptions, or for professional membership fees or annual subscriptions you:\n\n- have not paid yourself (for example if your employer has paid for them)\n\n- have paid to professional organisations that are not approved by HMRC\n\nYour organisation can tell you how much tax you\u2019re allowed to claim back.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Travel and overnight expenses\n\nIf you have to travel for your work you may be able to claim tax relief on the cost or money you\u2019ve spent on food or overnight expenses.\n\nYou cannot claim for travelling to and from work, unless you\u2019re travelling to a temporary place of work.\n\nYou can claim tax relief for money you\u2019ve spent on things like:\n\n- public transport costs\n\n- hotel accommodation if you have to stay overnight\n\n- food and drink\n\n- congestion charges and tolls\n\n- parking fees\n\n- business phone calls and printing costs\n\nYou may also be able to claim tax relief on business mileage.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Buying other equipment\n\nIn most cases you can claim tax relief on the full cost of substantial equipment, for example a computer, you have to buy to do your work. This is because it qualifies for a type of capital allowance called annual investment allowance.\n\nYou cannot claim capital allowances for cars, motorcycles or bicycles you use for work, but you may be able to claim for business mileage and fuel costs.\n\nYou claim in a different way for small items that\u2019ll last less than 2 years, such as uniforms and tools.\n\nYou can only claim tax relief for equipment expenses if:\n\n- you need it to do your job\n\n- you use the equipment for work and there\u2019s no significant private use - this includes using the equipment according to your organisation\u2019s policy\n\n## If your employer gives you money for the item\n\nReduce the amount you claim tax relief on by the amount of money your employer gives you.\n\nCheck if you can claim", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-relief-for-employees", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "During the COVID19 Pandemic it was deemed that I should work from home. This now means that my household bills have increased as i am using the utilities more and more.", + "original_question": "Can I claim tax relief on my increased utilities cost?" + }, + { + "id": "train-859", + "question": "Scenario: I have a debtor that owes me \u00a310,000. The debt is from seven years ago. I would like to serve them with a statutory demand for non-payment.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to do this?\n\nDocument - Make and serve a statutory demand, or challenge one:\n## When you can make a statutory demand\n\nYou can make a statutory demand to ask for payment of a debt from an individual or company.\n\nAnyone who\u2019s owed money (the \u2018creditor\u2019) can make a statutory demand. You do not need a lawyer.\n\nIf the debt\u2019s over 6 years old, you cannot usually make a statutory demand. You can get legal advice instead.\n\nThere may be faster ways of getting smaller debts paid than making a statutory demand.\n\nWhen the individual or company that owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) receives a statutory demand, they have 21 days to either:\n\n- pay the debt\n\n- reach an agreement to pay\n\nYou can apply to bankrupt your debtor or close (\u2018wind up\u2019) their company if they do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.\n\n## Statutory demand forms\n\nChoose the form you need, fill it in and deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) it to the individual or company that owes you money.\n\nYou do not need to send a separate letter.\n\n## Serve a demand on an individual (including partners in a partnership)\n\nWhich form you need depends on whether you\u2019re collecting a debt that\u2019s:\n\n- payable now\n\n- payable now following a judgment or court order\n\n- payable in the future, if you think they will not be able to pay the debt when they need to\n\nIf you\u2019re serving a demand on a business partnership, you need to download and fill in a form for each partner.\n\n## Serve a demand on a limited company\n\nUse statutory demand form SD 1.\n\n## If you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nYou must use a different form to make a statutory demand in Scotland.\n\n## How to serve a statutory demand\n\nYou must deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) the statutory demand form by:\n\n- giving it to the individual who owes you money (you should try all their known addresses)\n\n- leaving it at the registered office of the company or partnership that owes money (or the main place of business if they do not have a registered office)\n\n- giving it to the company\u2019s director, company secretary, manager or principal officer\n\n- get a \u2018process server\u2019 to serve it for you (a solicitor can arrange this)\n\nYou can only send it by registered post or put it through a letterbox if it cannot be delivered in person.\n\n## Records you must keep\n\nYou must keep a copy of the statutory demand and anything that confirms:\n\n- the time and date you served the statutory demand, for example a postage receipt or confirmation from your process server\n\n- the debtor has received the statutory demand\n\nYou\u2019ll need this information if your demand is ignored.\n\n## If your demand is ignored\n\nIf your debtor does not pay the debt or agree to your statutory demand within 21 days, you can:\n\n- start bankruptcy proceedings against any individuals who owe you \u00a35,000 or more\n\n- wind up a company that owes you \u00a3750 or more\n\nYou have 4 months to apply to bankrupt or wind up your debtor. If you\u2019re late, explain why to the court named on the statutory demand.\n\n## Serve a statutory demand abroad\n\nGet legal help if you want to serve a statutory demand in another country.\n\nYou need to serve a statutory demand according to local laws but also according to the UK rules.\n\n## Challenge a statutory demand\n\nIf you do not agree with a statutory demand you\u2019ve been given, you can apply to challenge it and get it \u2018set aside\u2019.\n\nYou can be made bankrupt or your company wound up if you ignore a statutory demand.\n\nYou must apply to the court named on your statutory demand. Contact a solicitor or your nearest county court if you\u2019re not sure where to send your application.\n\nYou cannot challenge a statutory demand if it was served on a company. You can apply to stop your creditors from winding up your company instead.\n\nAny bankruptcy petitions the creditor has already filed against you will usually be suspended until the court reaches a decision.\n\nThe court will not usually set aside a statutory demand if it was served on you following the judgment of another court unless, for example:\n\n- you think the creditor owes you the same amount as your debt, or more\n\n- the amount on the statutory demand is secured\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou must apply to challenge the statutory demand within either:\n\n- 18 days if you were in the UK when you got the statutory demand\n\n- 21 to 34 days if you were in another country when you got the statutory demand - check the table of countries for specific deadlines\n\nIf the deadline is during a weekend or on a bank holiday, you have until the next day the court is open to apply.\n\nYou might be able to get an extension in some circumstances - contact the court to find out what these are.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in form IAA.\n\nMake 3 copies of the completed form and either post them to the court named on your statutory demand or give them to the court in person.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll usually hear back from the court within 10 working days of applying.\n\nIf the court does not agree with your application, it can give the creditor permission to issue a bankruptcy petition against you.\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, your case will be passed on to a bankruptcy registrar. They\u2019ll look at your case and arrange a hearing.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nBoth sides will present their case to a registrar or judge. They\u2019ll either make a decision then, or ask you and the other party to give more evidence at another hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision at the end of the final hearing.\n\nIf you win your case, you\u2019ll get an order from the court setting aside the statutory demand. The deadline for paying the debt will be suspended.\n\nIf you lose, you\u2019ll have to pay back your debt within the 21 day time limit. The creditor can apply to bankrupt you if you do not pay in time and your debt is \u00a35,000 or more.\n\nDo not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\n## Contact the Insolvency Service\n\nUse the contact form to contact the Insolvency Service about delivering and challenging a statutory demand.\n\nYou cannot currently contact the Insolvency Service by telephone because of coronavirus (COVID-19).", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a debtor that owes me \u00a310,000. The debt is from seven years ago. I would like to serve them with a statutory demand for non-payment.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to do this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-861", + "question": "Scenario: My company is currently registered for the flat rate scheme. I am expecting revenue to increase to \u00a3200,000 next year.\n\nQuestion: Must I leave the flat rate scheme next year as this is only an expectation?\n\nDocument - VAT Flat Rate Scheme:\n## Overview\n\nThe amount of VAT a business pays or claims back from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually the difference between the VAT charged by the business to customers and the VAT the business pays on their own purchases.\n\nWith the Flat Rate Scheme:\n\n- you pay a fixed rate of VAT to HMRC\n\n- you keep the difference between what you charge your customers and pay to HMRC\n\n- you cannot reclaim the VAT on your purchases - except for certain capital assets over \u00a32,000\n\nTo join the scheme your VAT turnover must be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT), and you must apply to HMRC.\n\nTalk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Flat Rate Scheme is right for you.\n\n## Join or leave the scheme\n\nYou must be eligible to join the scheme.\n\n## How to join\n\nYou can join the scheme online when you register for VAT.\n\nYou can also fill in VAT600 FRS and either:\n\n- email it to frsapplications.vrs@hmrc.gsi.gov.uk\n\n- send it by post\n\nDo not use the address on the form - send it to the following address instead.\n\nUse VAT600 AA/FRS to apply for the Annual Accounting Scheme at the same time.\n\nYou\u2019ll get confirmation you\u2019ve joined the scheme through your VAT online account (or in the post if you do not apply online).\n\n## How to leave\n\nYou can choose to leave the scheme at any time. You must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it.\n\nTo leave, write to HMRC and they will confirm your leaving date.\n\nYou must wait 12 months before you can rejoin the scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can join the Flat Rate Scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re a VAT-registered business\n\n- you expect your VAT taxable turnover to be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT) in the next 12 months\n\nVAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use the scheme if:\n\n- you left the scheme in the last 12 months\n\n- you committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion\n\n- you joined (or were eligible to join) a VAT group in the last 24 months\n\n- you registered for VAT as a business division in the last 24 months\n\n- your business is closely associated with another business\n\n- you\u2019ve joined a margin or capital goods VAT scheme\n\nYou cannot use the scheme with the Cash Accounting Scheme. Instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based method for calculating the turnover.\n\n## Leaving the scheme\n\nYou must leave the scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it\n\n- on the anniversary of joining, your turnover in the last 12 months was more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT) - or you expect it to be in the next 12 months\n\n- you expect your total income in the next 30 days alone to be more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT)\n\n## Work out your flat rate\n\nThe VAT flat rate you use usually depends on your business type. You may pay a different rate if you only spend a small amount on goods.\n\nYou get a 1% discount if you\u2019re in your first year as a VAT-registered business.\n\n## If you spend a small amount on goods\n\nYou\u2019re classed as a \u2018limited cost business\u2019 if your goods cost less than either:\n\n- 2% of your turnover\n\n- \u00a31,000 a year (if your costs are more than 2%)\n\nThis means you pay a higher rate of 16.5%. You can calculate if you need to pay the higher rate and work out which goods count as costs.\n\nIf you are not a limited cost business, you use your business type to work out your flat rate.\n\n## Flat rates for types of business\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) the flat rate for catering (including restaurants and takeaways), accommodation and pubs has been reduced until 31 March 2022.\n\n| Type of business | Current VAT flat rate (%) |\n\n| Accountancy or book-keeping | 14.5 |\n\n| Advertising | 11 |\n\n| Agricultural services | 11 |\n\n| Any other activity not listed elsewhere | 12 |\n\n| Architect, civil and structural engineer or surveyor | 14.5 |\n\n| Boarding or care of animals | 12 |\n\n| Business services not listed elsewhere | 12 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways before 15 July 2020 | 12.5 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 4.5 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 8.5 |\n\n| Computer and IT consultancy or data processing | 14.5 |\n\n| Computer repair services | 10.5 |\n\n| Entertainment or journalism | 12.5 |\n\n| Estate agency or property management services | 12 |\n\n| Farming or agriculture not listed elsewhere | 6.5 |\n\n| Film, radio, television or video production | 13 |\n\n| Financial services | 13.5 |\n\n| Forestry or fishing | 10.5 |\n\n| General building or construction services* | 9.5 |\n\n| Hairdressing or other beauty treatment services | 13 |\n\n| Hiring or renting goods | 9.5 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation before 15 July 2020 | 10.5 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 0 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 5.5 |\n\n| Investigation or security | 12 |\n\n| Labour-only building or construction services* | 14.5 |\n\n| Laundry or dry-cleaning services | 12 |\n\n| Lawyer or legal services | 14.5 |\n\n| Library, archive, museum or other cultural activity | 9.5 |\n\n| Management consultancy | 14 |\n\n| Manufacturing fabricated metal products | 10.5 |\n\n| Manufacturing food | 9 |\n\n| Manufacturing not listed elsewhere | 9.5 |\n\n| Manufacturing yarn, textiles or clothing | 9 |\n\n| Membership organisation | 8 |\n\n| Mining or quarrying | 10 |\n\n| Packaging | 9 |\n\n| Photography | 11 |\n\n| Post offices | 5 |\n\n| Printing | 8.5 |\n\n| Publishing | 11 |\n\n| Pubs before 15 July 2020 | 6.5 |\n\n| Pubs from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 1 |\n\n| Pubs from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 4 |\n\n| Real estate activity not listed elsewhere | 14 |\n\n| Repairing personal or household goods | 10 |\n\n| Repairing vehicles | 8.5 |\n\n| Retailing food, confectionery, tobacco, newspapers or children\u2019s clothing | 4 |\n\n| Retailing pharmaceuticals, medical goods, cosmetics or toiletries | 8 |\n\n| Retailing not listed elsewhere | 7.5 |\n\n| Retailing vehicles or fuel | 6.5 |\n\n| Secretarial services | 13 |\n\n| Social work | 11 |\n\n| Sport or recreation | 8.5 |\n\n| Transport or storage, including couriers, freight, removals and taxis | 10 |\n\n| Travel agency | 10.5 |\n\n| Veterinary medicine | 11 |\n\n| Wholesaling agricultural products | 8 |\n\n| Wholesaling food | 7.5 |\n\n| Wholesaling not listed elsewhere | 8.5 |\n\n*\u2018Labour-only building or construction services\u2019 means building services where the value of the materials supplied is less than 10% of the turnover for those services. If more than this amount, the business is classed as \u2018General building or construction services\u2019.\n\n## What you pay\n\nYou calculate the tax you pay by multiplying your VAT flat rate by your \u2018VAT inclusive turnover\u2019.\n\nVAT inclusive turnover is different from standard VAT turnover. As well as business income (such as from sales), it includes the VAT paid on that income.\n\n## Calculating 2 flat rates\n\nThe first calculation should start from day one of your accounting period to the last day of that flat rate. The second should start from the date of the new flat rate to the end of your accounting period.\n\n## Get help\n\nCall the VAT Helpline if you have any questions about the Flat Rate Scheme.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-flat-rate-scheme", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My company is currently registered for the flat rate scheme. I am expecting revenue to increase to \u00a3200,000 next year.", + "original_question": "Must I leave the flat rate scheme next year as this is only an expectation?" + }, + { + "id": "train-863", + "question": "Scenario: I have just sold my house for more than I bought it for 5 years ago. I want know the amount of capital gains tax I am supposed to pay HMRC.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to pay capital gains tax?\n\nDocument - Tax when you sell property:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:\n\n- buy-to-let properties\n\n- business premises\n\n- land\n\n- inherited property\n\nThere are different rules if you:\n\n- sell your home\n\n- live abroad\n\n- are a company registered abroad\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## When you do not pay\n\nYou do not usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou may get tax relief if the property is a business asset.\n\nIf the property was occupied by a dependent relative you may not have to pay. Find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief.\n\n## If you need to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your property and the amount you got when you sold (or \u2018disposed of\u2019) it.\n\nIf your combined capital gains are over your allowance for the year you\u2019ll have to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\n## Market value\n\nIn some situations you should use the market value of the property when working out your gain. Do this if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited it (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\n## Selling in special circumstances\n\nThere are special rules for calculating your gain if:\n\n- you live abroad\n\n- you sell a lease or part of your land\n\n- your property is compulsorily purchased\n\n## Jointly owned property\n\nIf you own property jointly with other people, work out the gain for the share that you own.\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:\n\n- estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees\n\n- costs of improvement works, for example for an extension (normal maintenance costs, such as decorating, do not count)\n\n## Reliefs\n\nYou may get tax relief if the property was:\n\n- your home\n\n- a business asset\n\n- occupied by a dependent relative - find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nOnce you know what your gain on the property is, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou cannot use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold land\n\n- sold business premises\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares\n\n- reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own\n\n- claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax on property\n\n## If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\n## Businesses\n\nYou may get tax relief if you sell property that you use for business. This may reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you pay.\n\nIf the purpose of your business is to buy and sell property (you\u2019re a property developer, for example) you do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell a property. Instead, you pay:\n\n- Income Tax - if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner\n\n- Corporation Tax - if you\u2019re a limited company\n\nThere are special rules for limited companies that dispose of a single residential property worth more than \u00a32 million.\n\n## Selling overseas property\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax when you \u2018dispose of\u2019 overseas property if you\u2019re resident in the UK.\n\nThere are special rules if you\u2019re resident in the UK but your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\nYou may also have to pay tax in the country you made the gain. If you\u2019re taxed twice, you may be able to claim relief.\n\n## If you\u2019re non-resident\n\nNon-residents may have to pay UK tax on overseas property if they return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just sold my house for more than I bought it for 5 years ago. I want know the amount of capital gains tax I am supposed to pay HMRC.", + "original_question": "Do I have to pay capital gains tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-866", + "question": "Scenario: I work from home in the IT business. I divide my time between a home in Glasgow and one in London. I have never mentioned this on my tax declarations.\n\nQuestion: Does it make a difference that I live in two different places and should I declare it?\n\nDocument - Income Tax in Scotland:\n## Current rates\n\nYou pay Scottish Income Tax if you live in Scotland. It\u2019s paid to the Scottish Government.\n\nScottish Income Tax applies to your wages, pension and most other taxable income.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay the same tax as the rest of the UK on dividends and savings interest.\n\n## What you\u2019ll pay\n\nThe table shows the 2021 to 2022 Scottish Income Tax rates you pay in each band if you have a standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,570. You do not get a Personal Allowance if you earn over \u00a3125,140.\n\n| Band | Taxable income | Scottish tax rate |\n\n| Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0% |\n\n| Starter rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a314,667 | 19% |\n\n| Basic rate | \u00a314,668 to \u00a325,296 | 20% |\n\n| Intermediate rate | \u00a325,297 to \u00a343,662 | 21% |\n\n| Higher rate | \u00a343,663 to \u00a3150,000 | 41% |\n\n| Top rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 46% |\n\n## Who pays\n\nYou pay Scottish Income Tax if you live in Scotland.\n\nYou may also pay Scottish Income Tax if you:\n\n- move to or from Scotland\n\n- live in a home in Scotland and one elsewhere in the UK, for example for work\n\n- do not have a home and stay in Scotland regularly, for example you stay offshore or in hotels\n\n## How you pay\n\nIf you\u2019re employed or get a pension, your tax code will start with an \u2018S\u2019. This tells your employer or pension provider to deduct tax at the Scottish rate.\n\nYour tax code will be S1250L if you pay Scottish Income Tax and get the standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,500.\n\nIf you fill in an online Self Assessment tax return, there\u2019s a box for you to tell HMRC that you pay Scottish Income Tax.\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If you move to or from Scotland\n\nYou pay Scottish Income Tax if you move to Scotland and live there for a longer period than anywhere else in the UK during a tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).\n\nYou must tell HMRC of your new address if you move to or from Scotland. You may pay tax at the wrong rate if you do not.\n\n## If HMRC changes your tax rate\n\nThe new rate you pay will be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April) in which you moved. The tax taken from your wages or pension will be adjusted automatically so you pay the right amount across the whole year.\n\n## If you live in more than one home\n\nYou need to know which is your main home if you have one in Scotland and one somewhere else in the UK.\n\n## What counts as your main home\n\nYour main home is usually where you live and spend most of your time.\n\nIt does not matter whether you own it, rent it or live in it for free.\n\nYour main home may be the home where you spend less time if that\u2019s where:\n\n- most of your possessions are\n\n- your family lives, if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re registered for things like your bank account, GP or car insurance\n\n- you\u2019re a member of clubs or societies\n\nThis might apply to you if you live away because of your work, for example you\u2019re a lorry driver, an offshore worker or in the armed forces.\n\nYou can contact HMRC to change which home counts as your main one.\n\n## If you\u2019re not sure which is your main home\n\nHMRC has detailed information about working out which is your main home, including if:\n\n- you\u2019re a mobile worker, for example your job means you travel most of the time\n\n- you\u2019re a student\n\n- you do not have a permanent home\n\n## 2020 to 2021 tax year\n\nYou pay a different rate of tax for income from the tax year 6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021.\n\n| Band | Taxable income | Scottish tax rate |\n\n| Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,500 | 0% |\n\n| Starter rate | \u00a312,501 to \u00a314,585 | 19% |\n\n| Basic rate | \u00a314,586 to \u00a325,158 | 20% |\n\n| Intermediate rate | \u00a325,159 to \u00a343,430 | 21% |\n\n| Higher rate | \u00a343,431 to \u00a3150,000 | 41% |\n\n| Top rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 46% |\n\nIt applies to your wages, pension and most other taxable income.\n\nYou pay the same tax as the rest of the UK on dividends and savings interest.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I work from home in the IT business. I divide my time between a home in Glasgow and one in London. I have never mentioned this on my tax declarations.", + "original_question": "Does it make a difference that I live in two different places and should I declare it?" + }, + { + "id": "train-867", + "question": "Scenario: I am a small business owner and VAT can be a bit of a headache. I have heard about the annual scheme for VAT.\n\nQuestion: Do I qualify for VAT Annual Accounting Scheme?\n\nDocument - VAT Annual Accounting Scheme:\n## Overview\n\nUsually, VAT-registered businesses submit their VAT Returns and payments to HM Revenue and Customs 4 times a year.\n\nWith the Annual Accounting Scheme you:\n\n- make advance VAT payments towards your VAT bill - based on your last return (or estimated if you\u2019re new to VAT)\n\n- submit 1 VAT Return a year\n\nFrom 1 April 2019, most businesses will need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.\n\nWhen you submit your VAT Return you either:\n\n- make a final payment - the difference between your advance payments and actual VAT bill\n\n- apply for a refund - if you\u2019ve overpaid your VAT bill\n\nThe scheme would not suit your business if you regularly reclaim VAT because you\u2019ll only be able to get 1 refund a year (when you submit the VAT Return).\n\nYou can join the scheme if your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less.\n\nTalk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Annual Accounting Scheme is right for you.\n\n## Join or leave the scheme\n\nYou must be eligible to join the scheme.\n\n## How to join\n\nYou can join the scheme:\n\n- online - when you register for VAT\n\n- by post - fill in VAT600 AA (or use VAT600 AA/FRS to apply for the Flat Rate Scheme at the same time)\n\nDo not use the address on the form - send it to the following address instead.\n\nConfirmation you\u2019ve joined the scheme is sent to your VAT online account (or in the post if you do not apply online).\n\n## How to leave\n\nYou can leave the scheme at any time, but you must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it.\n\nTo leave, write to HMRC and they will confirm when you can leave. From this date, you must account for your VAT in the usual way.\n\nYou have to wait 12 months before you can rejoin the scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can join the Annual Accounting Scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re a VAT-registered business\n\n- your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months\n\nVAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use the scheme if:\n\n- you left the scheme in the last 12 months\n\n- your business is part of a VAT registered division or group of companies\n\n- you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments\n\n- you\u2019re insolvent\n\n## Leaving the scheme\n\nYou must leave the scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it\n\n- your VAT taxable turnover is (or is likely to be) more than \u00a31.6 million at the end of the annual accounting year\n\n## Return and payment deadlines\n\nCheck your VAT Return and payment deadlines in your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account.\n\n## VAT Return deadline\n\nThere are 12 months in your VAT accounting period. Your VAT Return is due once a year, 2 months after the end of your accounting period.\n\nMost businesses now need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.\n\n## Payment deadlines\n\nYou must make advance payments towards your VAT bill (either monthly or quarterly) during your accounting period and a final payment when you submit your VAT Return.\n\n| Payment | Deadline |\n\n| Monthly | Due at the end of months 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 |\n\n| Quarterly | Due at the end of months 4, 7 and 10 |\n\n| Final payment | Within 2 months of month 12 |\n\n## How much do you pay\n\nEach payment is either 10% of your estimated VAT bill (monthly payments) or 25% (quarterly payments). The amount is based on previous VAT returns (or estimated if you\u2019re new to VAT).\n\nHMRC will write telling you when your instalments are due and how much they\u2019ll be.\n\nThe final payment (known as a \u2018balancing payment\u2019) is the difference between your advance payments and the actual VAT bill confirmed on your VAT Return.\n\nYou may be due a VAT refund if you\u2019ve overpaid HMRC.\n\nYou must pay VAT to HMRC electronically, for example by Direct Debit or internet banking.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-annual-accounting-scheme", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a small business owner and VAT can be a bit of a headache. I have heard about the annual scheme for VAT.", + "original_question": "Do I qualify for VAT Annual Accounting Scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-869", + "question": "Scenario: My husband and our children moved to our - we thought quiet - new home six months ago. Recently there have been a lot of roadworks in the area. We were not informed of this before we moved in and it is distressing us.\n\nQuestion: Do we have recourse to any sort of authority to make a complaint about the noise?\n\nDocument - Noise from roads, trains or planes:\n## Vehicle noise limits\n\nThere are limits to the amount of noise that vehicles can make on public roads. This applies to all types of vehicles.\n\nIn general, larger vehicles with bigger engines are able to make more noise.\n\n## Noise limits on tyres\n\nThere are noise limits on tyres and since November 2012 all new tyres are graded and labelled to show how noisy they are.\n\n## Modified exhaust systems\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to modify the exhaust system to make a vehicle noisier after it has been \u2018type approved\u2019 (checked it meets environmental and safety standards).\n\nThe police can also take action if your vehicle\u2019s silencer doesn\u2019t work in the way it was designed or if you\u2019re driving in a way that creates too much noise.\n\n## Noise from roads\n\nThere\u2019s no legal limit to road noise, although noise levels might be taken into account when new roads or houses and offices near roads are planned.\n\n## Planned new roads\n\nWhen planning a new road local highway authorities assess how the noise at your property will change when the road opens.\n\nIf noise from a new road exceeds certain levels at your home you might be able to get sound insulation.\n\nContact your highway authority to apply, or if you\u2019re worried about the noise from a planned road scheme - get their details from your local council.\n\n## Compulsory purchase and road noise\n\nWhen a new road is built, it often involves the \u2018compulsory purchase\u2019 of land to make way for the road.\n\nYou might be able to get compensation if a compulsory purchase means you become affected by road noise. Find out more in the guide \u2018Your property and compulsory purchase\u2019.\n\n## After roads open to traffic\n\nYou can apply for compensation if your property value goes down because of road noise from the use of a new or altered road.\n\n## Railway noise\n\nThere are no legal limits to noise from existing railways.\n\nIf you think that noise levels are affecting your health contact your local council who will investigate on your behalf.\n\nIf noise from a new railway affects your property you might be able to get sound insulation for your home. Contact the relevant rail authority - ask your local council for their details.\n\nIf particular trains are causing you a problem, speak to the company running those trains.\n\nFind information on train operators on the National Rail website or call Network Rail.\n\n## Aircraft noise\n\nNoise is regulated to some extent at all UK airports. This can include noise limits and restrictions on night flights.\n\nAircraft paths are generally designed to fly over the least populated areas.\n\nSome airports operate grant schemes to install sound insulation in affected homes. Contact the airport that affects you to find out if they run one.\n\nThe Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) has more information on aircraft noise and emissions.\n\n## Complaining about aircraft noise\n\nTo complain about noise or aircraft activities in general, get in touch with the relevant airport.\n\n## Military aircraft\n\nMilitary aircraft are covered by different rules. You can complain about military aircraft noise or low flying military aircraft.\n\n## Further information\n\nThere are strategic noise maps for England provided by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).\n\nThese estimate noise from:\n\n- major roads - those with more than 6 million vehicle passages annually\n\n- major railways - those with more than 60,000 train passages annually\n\n- major airports - those with more than 50,000 aircraft movements annually (except for training on light aircraft)\n\nThey also estimate noise in urban areas (with populations greater than 250,000 and a certain population density).", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My husband and our children moved to our - we thought quiet - new home six months ago. Recently there have been a lot of roadworks in the area. We were not informed of this before we moved in and it is distressing us.", + "original_question": "Do we have recourse to any sort of authority to make a complaint about the noise?" + }, + { + "id": "train-870", + "question": "Scenario: I have been living under a flight path for the last ten years and was aware of it when I moved in. Initially it did not bother me but recently the airport has been expanded and another runway built. This has significantly increased the noise that I am exposed to. I was not informed at all about the proposal to build a new runway.\n\nQuestion: I feel that the new runway has decreased the value of my house, due to the increase in noise. Is this a legitimate complaint?\n\nDocument - Noise from roads, trains or planes:\n## Vehicle noise limits\n\nThere are limits to the amount of noise that vehicles can make on public roads. This applies to all types of vehicles.\n\nIn general, larger vehicles with bigger engines are able to make more noise.\n\n## Noise limits on tyres\n\nThere are noise limits on tyres and since November 2012 all new tyres are graded and labelled to show how noisy they are.\n\n## Modified exhaust systems\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to modify the exhaust system to make a vehicle noisier after it has been \u2018type approved\u2019 (checked it meets environmental and safety standards).\n\nThe police can also take action if your vehicle\u2019s silencer doesn\u2019t work in the way it was designed or if you\u2019re driving in a way that creates too much noise.\n\n## Noise from roads\n\nThere\u2019s no legal limit to road noise, although noise levels might be taken into account when new roads or houses and offices near roads are planned.\n\n## Planned new roads\n\nWhen planning a new road local highway authorities assess how the noise at your property will change when the road opens.\n\nIf noise from a new road exceeds certain levels at your home you might be able to get sound insulation.\n\nContact your highway authority to apply, or if you\u2019re worried about the noise from a planned road scheme - get their details from your local council.\n\n## Compulsory purchase and road noise\n\nWhen a new road is built, it often involves the \u2018compulsory purchase\u2019 of land to make way for the road.\n\nYou might be able to get compensation if a compulsory purchase means you become affected by road noise. Find out more in the guide \u2018Your property and compulsory purchase\u2019.\n\n## After roads open to traffic\n\nYou can apply for compensation if your property value goes down because of road noise from the use of a new or altered road.\n\n## Railway noise\n\nThere are no legal limits to noise from existing railways.\n\nIf you think that noise levels are affecting your health contact your local council who will investigate on your behalf.\n\nIf noise from a new railway affects your property you might be able to get sound insulation for your home. Contact the relevant rail authority - ask your local council for their details.\n\nIf particular trains are causing you a problem, speak to the company running those trains.\n\nFind information on train operators on the National Rail website or call Network Rail.\n\n## Aircraft noise\n\nNoise is regulated to some extent at all UK airports. This can include noise limits and restrictions on night flights.\n\nAircraft paths are generally designed to fly over the least populated areas.\n\nSome airports operate grant schemes to install sound insulation in affected homes. Contact the airport that affects you to find out if they run one.\n\nThe Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) has more information on aircraft noise and emissions.\n\n## Complaining about aircraft noise\n\nTo complain about noise or aircraft activities in general, get in touch with the relevant airport.\n\n## Military aircraft\n\nMilitary aircraft are covered by different rules. You can complain about military aircraft noise or low flying military aircraft.\n\n## Further information\n\nThere are strategic noise maps for England provided by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).\n\nThese estimate noise from:\n\n- major roads - those with more than 6 million vehicle passages annually\n\n- major railways - those with more than 60,000 train passages annually\n\n- major airports - those with more than 50,000 aircraft movements annually (except for training on light aircraft)\n\nThey also estimate noise in urban areas (with populations greater than 250,000 and a certain population density).", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been living under a flight path for the last ten years and was aware of it when I moved in. Initially it did not bother me but recently the airport has been expanded and another runway built. This has significantly increased the noise that I am exposed to. I was not informed at all about the proposal to build a new runway.", + "original_question": "I feel that the new runway has decreased the value of my house, due to the increase in noise. Is this a legitimate complaint?" + }, + { + "id": "train-871", + "question": "Scenario: I gave my wife a house property as a gift of our marriage . She has decided to sell it so that she can get some extra income .\n\nQuestion: Will the money she will recieve liable to capital gain tax?\n\nDocument - Capital Gains Tax:\n## Overview\n\nCapital Gains Tax is a tax on the profit when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) something (an \u2018asset\u2019) that\u2019s increased in value.\n\nIt\u2019s the gain you make that\u2019s taxed, not the amount of money you receive.\n\nSome assets are tax-free. You also do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax if all your gains in a year are under your tax-free allowance.\n\n## Disposing of an asset\n\nDisposing of an asset includes:\n\n- selling it\n\n- giving it away as a gift, or transferring it to someone else\n\n- swapping it for something else\n\n- getting compensation for it - like an insurance payout if it\u2019s been lost or destroyed\n\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax on the gain when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019):\n\n- most personal possessions worth \u00a36,000 or more, apart from your car\n\n- property that\u2019s not your main home\n\n- your main home if you\u2019ve let it out, used it for business or it\u2019s very large\n\n- shares that are not in an ISA or PEP\n\n- business assets\n\nThese are known as \u2018chargeable assets\u2019.\n\nIf you sell or give away cryptoassets (like cryptocurrency or bitcoin) you should check if you have to pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nDepending on the asset, you may be able to reduce any tax you pay by claiming a relief.\n\nIf you dispose of an asset you jointly own with someone else, you have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your share of the gain.\n\n## When you do not pay it\n\nYou only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your total gains above an annual tax-free allowance.\n\nYou do not usually pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\n## What you do not pay it on\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax on certain assets, including any gains you make from:\n\n- ISAs or PEPs\n\n- UK government gilts and Premium Bonds\n\n- betting, lottery or pools winnings\n\n## When someone dies\n\nWhen you inherit an asset, Inheritance Tax is usually paid by the estate of the person who\u2019s died. You only have to work out if you need to pay Capital Gains Tax if you later dispose of the asset.\n\n## Overseas assets\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax even if your asset is overseas.\n\nThere are special rules if you\u2019re a UK resident but not \u2018domiciled\u2019 and claim the \u2018remittance basis\u2019.\n\n## If you\u2019re abroad\n\nYou have to pay tax on gains you make on property and land in the UK even if you\u2019re non-resident for tax purposes. You do not pay Capital Gains Tax on other UK assets, for example shares in UK companies, unless you return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax allowances\n\nYou only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your overall gains above your tax-free allowance (called the Annual Exempt Amount).\n\nThe Capital Gains tax-free allowance is:\n\n- \u00a312,300\n\n- \u00a36,150 for trusts\n\nYou can see tax-free allowances for previous years.\n\nYou may also be able to reduce your tax bill by deducting losses or claiming reliefs - this depends on the asset.\n\n## Gifts to your spouse or charity\n\nThere are special rules for Capital Gains Tax on gifts or assets you dispose of to:\n\n- your spouse or civil partner\n\n- charity\n\nThe normal rules apply for gifts to others.\n\n## Your spouse or civil partner\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your husband, wife or civil partner, unless:\n\n- you separated and did not live together at all in that tax year\n\n- you gave them goods for their business to sell on\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If they later sell the asset\n\nYour spouse or civil partner may have to pay tax on any gain if they later dispose of the asset.\n\nTheir gain will be calculated on the difference in value between when you first owned the asset and when they disposed of it.\n\nIf this was before April 1982, your spouse or civil partner should work out their gain using the market value on 31 March 1982 instead.\n\nThey should keep a record of what you paid for the asset.\n\n## Gifts to charity\n\nYou do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give away to charity.\n\nYou may have to pay if you sell an asset to charity for both:\n\n- more than you paid for it\n\n- less than market value\n\nWork out your gain using the amount the charity actually pays you, rather than the value of the asset.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nYou need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell an asset if your total taxable gains are above your annual Capital Gains Tax allowance.\n\n## Work out your total taxable gains\n\n- Work out the gain for each asset (or your share of an asset if it\u2019s jointly owned). Do this for the personal possessions, shares, property or business assets you\u2019ve disposed of in the tax year.\n\n- Add together the gains from each asset.\n\n- Deduct any allowable losses.\n\nThe tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax if your taxable gains are above your allowance.\n\n## If your total gains are less than the tax-free allowance\n\nYou do not have to pay tax if your total taxable gains are under your Capital Gains Tax allowance.\n\nYou still need to report your gains in your tax return if both of the following apply:\n\n- the total amount you sold the assets for was more than 4 times your allowance\n\n- you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment\n\nThere are different rules for reporting a loss.\n\n## If you\u2019re non-resident\n\nYou need to tell HMRC when you sell property or land even if your gain is below the tax-free allowance or you make a loss. Non-residents do not pay tax on other capital gains.\n\n## Report and pay Capital Gains Tax\n\nHow and when you report Capital Gains Tax over your annual allowance depends on what you made the gain on.\n\nThere are different ways to report and pay Capital Gains Tax due on:\n\n- UK residential property sold since 6 April 2020\n\n- any other gains\n\nTo report any capital gains you\u2019ll need:\n\n- calculations for each capital gain or loss you report\n\n- details of how much you bought and sold the asset for\n\n- the dates when you took ownership and disposed of the asset\n\n- any other relevant details, such as the costs of disposing of the asset and any tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to\n\n## If you sold property in the UK on or after 6 April 2020\n\nYou must report and pay any tax due on UK residential property using a Capital Gains Tax on UK property account within 30 days of selling it.\n\nYou may have to pay interest and a penalty if you do not report gains on UK property within 30 days of selling it.\n\nSign in or create a Capital Gains Tax on UK property account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password to set your account up or sign in. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one the first time you sign in.\n\nOnce you have an account you can sign in at any time to report Capital Gains Tax on UK property or see any returns you\u2019ve already sent.\n\n## If you\u2019re not resident in the UK\n\nYou must report sales of UK property as a non-resident within 30 days, even if you have no tax to pay.\n\n## If you\u2019re reporting on behalf of someone else or a trust\n\nYou need to use your own Capital Gains Tax on UK property account to report on behalf of someone else.\n\nYou\u2019ll need proof you\u2019re allowed to report on their behalf, such as a lasting power of attorney. If the person has died, you\u2019ll need to give their date of death.\n\nIf you\u2019re reporting as a trustee of a registered trust, you\u2019ll need the trust\u2019s registration number or unique tax reference.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to report your client\u2019s Capital Gains Tax on UK property as an agent.\n\n## If you have other capital gains to report\n\nIf your gain is not from residential property sold in the UK since 6 April 2020, you have a choice of how and when to report the tax.\n\n## Report and pay the tax straightaway\n\nYou can use the \u2018real time\u2019 Capital Gains Tax service immediately if you know what you owe.\n\nYou need to report your gain by 31 December in the tax year after you made the gain. For example, if you made a gain in the 2020 to 2021 tax year, you need to report it by 31 December 2021.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you report and pay.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve reported your gains, HMRC will send you a letter or email giving you a payment reference number and telling you how to pay.\n\nIf you need to change your report using the service, you\u2019ll need your report reference number starting with \u2018RTT\u2019. You\u2019ll get it by email within 10 days.\n\n## Report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the following tax year\n\nYou can report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the tax year after you disposed of assets.\n\nDo not wait until the next tax year to report gains on UK residential property sold since 6 April 2020. You may have to pay interest and a penalty if you do.\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, register for Self Assessment after the tax year you disposed of your chargeable assets.\n\nYou can get help with your tax return from an accountant or tax adviser.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve sent your return HMRC will tell you how much you owe in Capital Gains Tax, how to pay and when to pay by.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax rates\n\nYou pay a different rate of tax on gains from residential property than you do on other assets.\n\nYou do not usually pay tax when you sell your home.\n\n## If you pay higher rate Income Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re a higher or additional rate taxpayer you\u2019ll pay:\n\n- 28% on your gains from residential property\n\n- 20% on your gains from other chargeable assets\n\n## If you pay basic rate Income Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer, the rate you pay depends on the size of your gain, your taxable income and whether your gain is from residential property or other assets.\n\n- Work out how much taxable income you have - this is your income minus your Personal Allowance and any other Income Tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to.\n\n- Work out your total taxable gains.\n\n- Deduct your tax-free allowance from your total taxable gains.\n\n- Add this amount to your taxable income.\n\n- If this amount is within the basic Income Tax band you\u2019ll pay 10% on your gains (or 18% on residential property). You\u2019ll pay 20% (or 28% on residential property) on any amount above the basic tax rate.\n\n## If you have gains from both residential property and other assets\n\nYou can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).\n\n## If you\u2019re a trustee or business\n\nTrustees or personal representatives of someone who\u2019s died pay:\n\n- 28% on residential property\n\n- 20% on other chargeable assets\n\nYou\u2019ll pay 10% if you\u2019re a sole trader or partnership and your gains qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\n## If you make a loss\n\nYou can report losses on a chargeable asset to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to reduce your total taxable gains.\n\nLosses used in this way are called \u2018allowable losses\u2019.\n\n## Using losses to reduce your gain\n\nWhen you report a loss, the amount is deducted from the gains you made in the same tax year.\n\nIf your total taxable gain is still above the tax-free allowance, you can deduct unused losses from previous tax years. If they reduce your gain to the tax-free allowance, you can carry forward the remaining losses to a future tax year.\n\n## Reporting losses\n\nClaim for your loss by including it on your tax return. If you\u2019ve never made a gain and are not registered for Self Assessment, you can write to HMRC instead.\n\nYou do not have to report losses straight away - you can claim up to 4 years after the end of the tax year that you disposed of the asset.\n\nThere\u2019s an exception for losses made before 5 April 1996, which you can still claim for. You must deduct these after any more recent losses.\n\n## Losses when disposing of assets to family and others\n\n## Your husband, wife or civil partner\n\nYou usually do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your spouse or civil partner. You cannot claim losses against these assets.\n\n## Other family members and \u2018connected people\u2019\n\nYou cannot deduct a loss from giving, selling or disposing of an asset to a family member unless you\u2019re offsetting a gain from the same person.\n\nThis also applies to \u2018connected people\u2019 like business partners.\n\n## Connected people\n\nHMRC defines connected people as including:\n\n- your brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, children and grandchildren, and their husbands, wives or civil partners\n\n- the brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, children and grandchildren of your husband, wife or civil partner - and their husbands, wives or civil partners\n\n- business partners\n\n- a company you control\n\n- trustees where you\u2019re the \u2018settlor\u2019 (or someone connected to you is)\n\n## Claiming for an asset that\u2019s lost its value\n\nYou can claim losses on assets that you still own if they become worthless or of \u2018negligible value\u2019.\n\nHMRC has guidance on how to make a negligible value claim.\n\n## Special rules\n\nHMRC has guidance on the special rules for losses:\n\n- when someone dies\n\n- if you\u2019re non-resident and sell UK property or land\n\n- if you\u2019ve temporarily lived abroad as a \u2018non-resident\u2019\n\n- from your income on shares that are unquoted or in the Enterprise Investment Scheme\n\n- on overseas assets if you\u2019re \u2018non-domiciled\u2019 in the UK and have claimed the \u2018remittance basis\u2019\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou need to collect records to work out your gains and fill in your tax return. You must keep them for at least a year after the Self Assessment deadline.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep records for longer if you sent your tax return late or HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) have started a check into your return.\n\nBusinesses must keep records for 5 years after the deadline.\n\n## Records you\u2019ll need\n\nKeep receipts, bills and invoices that show the date and the amount:\n\n- you paid for an asset\n\n- of any additional costs like fees for professional advice, Stamp Duty, improvement costs, or to establish the market value\n\n- you received for the asset - including things like payments you get later in instalments, or compensation if the asset was damaged\n\nAlso keep any contracts for buying and selling the asset (for example from solicitors or stockbrokers) and copies of any valuations.\n\n## If you do not have records\n\nYou must try to recreate your records if you cannot replace them after they\u2019ve been lost, stolen or destroyed.\n\nIf you fill in your tax return using recreated records, you\u2019ll need to show where figures are:\n\n- estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final\n\n- provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with the actual figures\n\n## Market value\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your asset and what you sold it for.\n\nThere are some situations where you use the market value instead.\n\n| Situation | Use market value at |\n\n| Gifts | Date of gift |\n\n| Assets sold for less than they were worth to help the buyer | Date of sale |\n\n| Inherited assets where you do not know the Inheritance Tax value | Date of death |\n\n| Assets owned before April 1982 | 31 March 1982 |\n\n## Checking the market value\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can check your valuation.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve disposed of the asset, complete a \u2018Post-transaction valuation check\u2019 form. Return it to the address on the form - allow at least 3 months for HMRC\u2019s response.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I gave my wife a house property as a gift of our marriage . She has decided to sell it so that she can get some extra income .", + "original_question": "Will the money she will recieve liable to capital gain tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-873", + "question": "Scenario: I am a full time employee and I have invested in the employee share scheme. I have saved now \u00a318000 for the last 3 years.\n\nQuestion: Can i transfer my shares to ISA?\n\nDocument - Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs):\n## Overview\n\nYou can save tax-free with Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs).\n\nIn the 2021 to 2022 tax year, the maximum you can save in ISAs is \u00a320,000\n\nThere are 4 types of ISA:\n\n- cash ISAs\n\n- stocks and shares ISAs\n\n- innovative finance ISAs\n\n- Lifetime ISAs\n\nYou can put money into one of each kind of ISA each tax year.\n\n## Who can open an ISA\n\nYou must be:\n\n- 16 or over for a cash ISA\n\n- 18 or over for a stocks and shares or innovative finance ISA\n\n- 18 or over but under 40 for a Lifetime ISA\n\nYou must also be either:\n\n- resident in the UK\n\n- a Crown servant (for example diplomatic or overseas civil service) or their spouse or civil partner if you do not live in the UK\n\nYou cannot hold an ISA with or on behalf of someone else.\n\nYou can get a Junior ISA for children under 18.\n\n## Opening and managing an ISA for someone who lacks the mental capacity to do this for themselves\n\nA close friend or relative can apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order to open and manage an ISA for someone who cannot do this for themselves.\n\nIn Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.\n\n## How ISAs work\n\nThere are 4 types of Individual Savings Accounts (ISA):\n\n- cash ISA\n\n- stocks and shares ISA\n\n- innovative finance ISA\n\n- Lifetime ISA\n\nYou do not pay tax on:\n\n- interest on cash in an ISA\n\n- income or capital gains from investments in an ISA\n\nIf you complete a tax return, you do not need to declare any ISA interest, income or capital gains on it.\n\n## Putting money into an ISA\n\nEvery tax year you can put money into one of each kind of ISA. The tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April.\n\nYou can save up to \u00a320,000 in one type of account or split the allowance across some or all of the other types.\n\nYou can only pay \u00a34,000 into your Lifetime ISA in a tax year.\n\nYour ISAs will not close when the tax year finishes. You\u2019ll keep your savings on a tax-free basis for as long as you keep the money in your ISA accounts.\n\n## What you can include in your ISAs\n\nCash ISAs can include:\n\n- savings in bank and building society accounts\n\n- some National Savings and Investments products\n\nStocks and shares ISAs can include:\n\n- shares in companies\n\n- unit trusts and investment funds\n\n- corporate bonds\n\n- government bonds\n\nYou cannot transfer any non-ISA shares you already own into an ISA unless they\u2019re from an employee share scheme.\n\nLifetime ISAs may include either:\n\n- cash\n\n- stocks and shares\n\nInnovative finance ISAs include:\n\n- peer-to-peer loans - loans that you give to other people or businesses without using a bank\n\n- \u2018crowdfunding debentures\u2019 - investing in a business by buying its debt\n\nYou cannot transfer any peer-to-peer loans you\u2019ve already made or crowdfunding debentures you already hold into an innovative finance ISA.\n\nIf you have questions about the tax rules for ISAs, you can call the ISA Helpline.\n\n## How to open an ISA\n\nYou can get an Individual Savings Account (ISA) from:\n\n- banks\n\n- building societies\n\n- credit unions\n\n- friendly societies\n\n- stock brokers\n\n- peer-to-peer lending services\n\n- crowdfunding companies\n\n- other financial institutions\n\nContact your provider directly for more information about how to open an ISA with them.\n\n## Withdrawing your money\n\nYou can take your money out of an Individual Savings Account (ISA) at any time, without losing any tax benefits. Check the terms of your ISA to see if there are any rules or charges for making withdrawals.\n\nThere are different rules for taking your money out of a Lifetime ISA.\n\nIf your ISA is \u2018flexible\u2019, you can take out cash then put it back in during the same tax year without reducing your current year\u2019s allowance. Your provider can tell you if your ISA is flexible.\n\n## Transferring your ISA\n\nYou can transfer your Individual Savings Account (ISA) from one provider to another at any time.\n\nYou can transfer your savings to a different type of ISA or to the same type of ISA.\n\nIf you want to transfer money you\u2019ve invested in an ISA during the current year, you must transfer all of it.\n\nFor money you invested in previous years, you can choose to transfer all or part of your savings.\n\nIf you transfer cash and assets from a Lifetime ISA to a different ISA before the age of 60, you\u2019ll have to pay a withdrawal fee of 25%.\n\n## Restrictions on what you can transfer\n\nYou can transfer cash from your innovative finance ISA to another provider - but you may not be able to transfer other investments from it.\n\nCheck with your provider for any restrictions they may have on transferring ISAs. They may also make you pay a charge.\n\n## How to transfer your ISA\n\nTo switch providers, contact the ISA provider you want to move to and fill out an ISA transfer form to move your account. If you withdraw the money without doing this, you will not be able to reinvest that part of your tax-free allowance again.\n\n## Deadlines and complaints\n\nISA transfers should take no longer than:\n\n- 15 working days for transfers between cash ISAs\n\n- 30 calendar days for other types of transfer\n\nIf you want to transfer investments held in an innovative finance ISA, ask your provider how long it will take.\n\nIf your transfer takes longer than it should, contact your ISA provider.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the response, you can take the matter up with the Financial Ombudsman Service.\n\n## If you move abroad\n\nIf you open an Individual Savings Account (ISA) in the UK then move abroad, you cannot put money into it after the tax year that you move (unless you\u2019re a Crown employee working overseas or their spouse or civil partner).\n\nYou must tell your ISA provider as soon as you stop being a UK resident.\n\nHowever, you can keep your ISA open and you\u2019ll still get UK tax relief on money and investments held in it.\n\nYou can transfer an ISA to another provider even if you are not resident in the UK.\n\nYou can pay into your ISA again if you return and become a UK resident (subject to the annual ISA allowance).\n\n## If you die\n\nYour ISA will end when either:\n\n- your executor closes it\n\n- the administration of your estate is completed\n\nOtherwise, your ISA provider will close your ISA 3 years and 1 day after you die.\n\nThere will be no Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax to pay up to that date, but ISA investments will form part of your estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.\n\n## Stocks and shares ISAs\n\nYour ISA provider can be instructed to either:\n\n- sell the investments and pay the proceeds to the administrator or beneficiary of your estate\n\n- transfer the investments to your surviving spouse\u2019s or civil partner\u2019s ISA - this is only possible if they have the same ISA provider as you\n\nCheck the terms and conditions of your ISA for details.\n\n## Inheriting an ISA from your spouse or civil partner\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner dies you can inherit their ISA allowance.\n\nAs well as your normal ISA allowance you can add a tax-free amount up to either:\n\n- the value they held in their ISA when they died\n\n- the value of their ISA when it\u2019s closed\n\nContact your ISA provider or the provider of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s ISA for details.\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner died from 3 December 2014 to 5 April 2018\n\nTheir ISA ended on the date of their death. ISA investments will form part of their estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.\n\nTheir ISA provider can be instructed to sell the investments and either:\n\n- pay the proceeds to the administrator or beneficiary of their estate\n\n- transfer the investments directly to them\n\nYou can inherit their ISA allowance. As well as your normal ISA allowance, you can add a tax-free amount up to the value they held in their ISA when they died.\n\nContact your ISA provider or the provider of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s ISA for details.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/individual-savings-accounts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a full time employee and I have invested in the employee share scheme. I have saved now \u00a318000 for the last 3 years.", + "original_question": "Can i transfer my shares to ISA?" + }, + { + "id": "train-874", + "question": "Scenario: My mother wishes to have a savings plan. She wishes to set up an ISA and put her shares in it. She is concerned that when she fills in her annual self assessment she will have to declare all the ISA share interests.\n\nQuestion: Does income from an ISA have to be declared in a tax return?\n\nDocument - Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs):\n## Overview\n\nYou can save tax-free with Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs).\n\nIn the 2021 to 2022 tax year, the maximum you can save in ISAs is \u00a320,000\n\nThere are 4 types of ISA:\n\n- cash ISAs\n\n- stocks and shares ISAs\n\n- innovative finance ISAs\n\n- Lifetime ISAs\n\nYou can put money into one of each kind of ISA each tax year.\n\n## Who can open an ISA\n\nYou must be:\n\n- 16 or over for a cash ISA\n\n- 18 or over for a stocks and shares or innovative finance ISA\n\n- 18 or over but under 40 for a Lifetime ISA\n\nYou must also be either:\n\n- resident in the UK\n\n- a Crown servant (for example diplomatic or overseas civil service) or their spouse or civil partner if you do not live in the UK\n\nYou cannot hold an ISA with or on behalf of someone else.\n\nYou can get a Junior ISA for children under 18.\n\n## Opening and managing an ISA for someone who lacks the mental capacity to do this for themselves\n\nA close friend or relative can apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order to open and manage an ISA for someone who cannot do this for themselves.\n\nIn Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.\n\n## How ISAs work\n\nThere are 4 types of Individual Savings Accounts (ISA):\n\n- cash ISA\n\n- stocks and shares ISA\n\n- innovative finance ISA\n\n- Lifetime ISA\n\nYou do not pay tax on:\n\n- interest on cash in an ISA\n\n- income or capital gains from investments in an ISA\n\nIf you complete a tax return, you do not need to declare any ISA interest, income or capital gains on it.\n\n## Putting money into an ISA\n\nEvery tax year you can put money into one of each kind of ISA. The tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April.\n\nYou can save up to \u00a320,000 in one type of account or split the allowance across some or all of the other types.\n\nYou can only pay \u00a34,000 into your Lifetime ISA in a tax year.\n\nYour ISAs will not close when the tax year finishes. You\u2019ll keep your savings on a tax-free basis for as long as you keep the money in your ISA accounts.\n\n## What you can include in your ISAs\n\nCash ISAs can include:\n\n- savings in bank and building society accounts\n\n- some National Savings and Investments products\n\nStocks and shares ISAs can include:\n\n- shares in companies\n\n- unit trusts and investment funds\n\n- corporate bonds\n\n- government bonds\n\nYou cannot transfer any non-ISA shares you already own into an ISA unless they\u2019re from an employee share scheme.\n\nLifetime ISAs may include either:\n\n- cash\n\n- stocks and shares\n\nInnovative finance ISAs include:\n\n- peer-to-peer loans - loans that you give to other people or businesses without using a bank\n\n- \u2018crowdfunding debentures\u2019 - investing in a business by buying its debt\n\nYou cannot transfer any peer-to-peer loans you\u2019ve already made or crowdfunding debentures you already hold into an innovative finance ISA.\n\nIf you have questions about the tax rules for ISAs, you can call the ISA Helpline.\n\n## How to open an ISA\n\nYou can get an Individual Savings Account (ISA) from:\n\n- banks\n\n- building societies\n\n- credit unions\n\n- friendly societies\n\n- stock brokers\n\n- peer-to-peer lending services\n\n- crowdfunding companies\n\n- other financial institutions\n\nContact your provider directly for more information about how to open an ISA with them.\n\n## Withdrawing your money\n\nYou can take your money out of an Individual Savings Account (ISA) at any time, without losing any tax benefits. Check the terms of your ISA to see if there are any rules or charges for making withdrawals.\n\nThere are different rules for taking your money out of a Lifetime ISA.\n\nIf your ISA is \u2018flexible\u2019, you can take out cash then put it back in during the same tax year without reducing your current year\u2019s allowance. Your provider can tell you if your ISA is flexible.\n\n## Transferring your ISA\n\nYou can transfer your Individual Savings Account (ISA) from one provider to another at any time.\n\nYou can transfer your savings to a different type of ISA or to the same type of ISA.\n\nIf you want to transfer money you\u2019ve invested in an ISA during the current year, you must transfer all of it.\n\nFor money you invested in previous years, you can choose to transfer all or part of your savings.\n\nIf you transfer cash and assets from a Lifetime ISA to a different ISA before the age of 60, you\u2019ll have to pay a withdrawal fee of 25%.\n\n## Restrictions on what you can transfer\n\nYou can transfer cash from your innovative finance ISA to another provider - but you may not be able to transfer other investments from it.\n\nCheck with your provider for any restrictions they may have on transferring ISAs. They may also make you pay a charge.\n\n## How to transfer your ISA\n\nTo switch providers, contact the ISA provider you want to move to and fill out an ISA transfer form to move your account. If you withdraw the money without doing this, you will not be able to reinvest that part of your tax-free allowance again.\n\n## Deadlines and complaints\n\nISA transfers should take no longer than:\n\n- 15 working days for transfers between cash ISAs\n\n- 30 calendar days for other types of transfer\n\nIf you want to transfer investments held in an innovative finance ISA, ask your provider how long it will take.\n\nIf your transfer takes longer than it should, contact your ISA provider.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the response, you can take the matter up with the Financial Ombudsman Service.\n\n## If you move abroad\n\nIf you open an Individual Savings Account (ISA) in the UK then move abroad, you cannot put money into it after the tax year that you move (unless you\u2019re a Crown employee working overseas or their spouse or civil partner).\n\nYou must tell your ISA provider as soon as you stop being a UK resident.\n\nHowever, you can keep your ISA open and you\u2019ll still get UK tax relief on money and investments held in it.\n\nYou can transfer an ISA to another provider even if you are not resident in the UK.\n\nYou can pay into your ISA again if you return and become a UK resident (subject to the annual ISA allowance).\n\n## If you die\n\nYour ISA will end when either:\n\n- your executor closes it\n\n- the administration of your estate is completed\n\nOtherwise, your ISA provider will close your ISA 3 years and 1 day after you die.\n\nThere will be no Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax to pay up to that date, but ISA investments will form part of your estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.\n\n## Stocks and shares ISAs\n\nYour ISA provider can be instructed to either:\n\n- sell the investments and pay the proceeds to the administrator or beneficiary of your estate\n\n- transfer the investments to your surviving spouse\u2019s or civil partner\u2019s ISA - this is only possible if they have the same ISA provider as you\n\nCheck the terms and conditions of your ISA for details.\n\n## Inheriting an ISA from your spouse or civil partner\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner dies you can inherit their ISA allowance.\n\nAs well as your normal ISA allowance you can add a tax-free amount up to either:\n\n- the value they held in their ISA when they died\n\n- the value of their ISA when it\u2019s closed\n\nContact your ISA provider or the provider of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s ISA for details.\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner died from 3 December 2014 to 5 April 2018\n\nTheir ISA ended on the date of their death. ISA investments will form part of their estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.\n\nTheir ISA provider can be instructed to sell the investments and either:\n\n- pay the proceeds to the administrator or beneficiary of their estate\n\n- transfer the investments directly to them\n\nYou can inherit their ISA allowance. As well as your normal ISA allowance, you can add a tax-free amount up to the value they held in their ISA when they died.\n\nContact your ISA provider or the provider of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s ISA for details.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/individual-savings-accounts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My mother wishes to have a savings plan. She wishes to set up an ISA and put her shares in it. She is concerned that when she fills in her annual self assessment she will have to declare all the ISA share interests.", + "original_question": "Does income from an ISA have to be declared in a tax return?" + }, + { + "id": "train-875", + "question": "Scenario: I own a cottage that I rent on short lets. The income is modest but I file a tax return. This year my tax assessment as more than the income for the rent. There is obviously an error.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to pay the assessed tax bill right away if I appeal to HMRC?\n\nDocument - Disagree with a tax decision:\n## Overview\n\nYou can contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have a query about a tax decision. If you do not understand the decision you can also get advice from HMRC or professional help.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nHMRC will send you a decision letter that will tell you if you can appeal against a tax decision.\n\nYou can appeal against some decisions about:\n\n- your tax bill (for example Self Assessment, Corporation Tax, VAT)\n\n- a claim for tax relief\n\n- a request for information or to check your business records\n\n- a penalty (for example if you paid your tax late or filed your tax return late)\n\nYour appeal can be made by someone who deals with your taxes, for example an accountant.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay your own costs if you appeal a tax decision. You may be able to delay the payment of a penalty or any tax you owe until your appeal\u2019s been resolved.\n\n## If HMRC did not act on information\n\nYou may be able to ask HMRC to cancel tax you owe if they did not act on information that you, your employer or the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) gave them.\n\nYou can do this if you owe:\n\n- Income Tax, for example because you were on the wrong tax code\n\n- Capital Gains Tax\n\n- Class 4 National Insurance contributions\n\n## Appeal against a tax decision\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to tell you if you can appeal. You can use the appeal form you got with your decision letter, or write to HMRC at the address on the letter. You usually have 30 days to appeal.\n\nIf you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any decision dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- your name or business name\n\n- your tax reference number (this will be on the decision letter)\n\n- what you disagree with and why\n\n- what you think the correct figures are and how you\u2019ve calculated them\n\n- your signature\n\nYou should also tell HMRC if you have any extra information or if you think they\u2019ve missed something.\n\nIf you do not have a letter you can write to the HMRC office related to your return.\n\nIf you want to appeal a decision about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can request a review by HMRC or appeal straight to the tax tribunal.\n\nIf customs has seized your things because you have not paid duty or VAT, you can ask for your things back.\n\n## What happens next\n\nWhen you appeal you can accept HMRC\u2019s offer of a review, or request one (if it\u2019s for direct tax). HMRC will tell you what to do next.\n\nA review will be carried out by someone who was not involved in the original decision. This usually takes 45 days, but HMRC will contact you if it will take longer.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision\n\n- consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:\n\n- your review decision is dated February 2020 or later\n\n- you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline\n\n## Appeal against a penalty\n\nYou can appeal to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a penalty, for example for:\n\n- an inaccurate return\n\n- sending in your tax return late\n\n- paying tax late\n\n- failing to keep adequate records\n\nA HMRC officer who was not previously involved with your penalty decision will carry out a review if you appeal.\n\nIf you want to appeal a penalty about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can either:\n\n- request a review from HMRC\n\n- appeal straight to the tax tribunal\n\nYour penalty may be cancelled or amended if you have a reasonable excuse.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nIf HMRC sends you a penalty letter by post, use the appeal form that comes with it or follow the instructions on the letter.\n\nFor Self Assessment, PAYE, VAT and Corporation Tax, there are extra documents you can use or alternative ways to appeal.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing a Self Assessment penalty\n\nYou can get your penalty cancelled if you did not send a tax return because you no longer needed to. Tell HMRC online you do not need to be self assessed or call the helpline.\n\nOtherwise, to appeal you\u2019ll need:\n\n- the date the penalty was issued\n\n- the date you filed your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- details of your reasonable excuse for late filing\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a \u00a3100 late filing penalty from tax year 2015 to 2016 onwards, you can appeal online or by post. You\u2019ll need to set up a Government Gateway account if you do not have one to appeal online.\n\nFor other penalties, you need to appeal by post. Send a completed form SA370 or a letter explaining your appeal to HMRC Self Assessment.\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a penalty to a partnership for a late tax return, appeal by post using form SA371. Only the nominated partner can appeal.\n\n## If you\u2019re an employer appealing a PAYE penalty\n\nYou can appeal online if you\u2019re registered for HMRC\u2019s PAYE for employers service. Once you\u2019ve logged in, select \u2018Appeal a penalty\u2019. You\u2019ll get an immediate acknowledgment when you submit your appeal.\n\n## If you filed a late VAT or Corporation Tax return\n\nYou can also use these specific forms for:\n\n- VAT if you had a reasonable excuse for filing late\n\n- Corporation Tax if you filed late because of computer problems\n\n## If you do not have an appeal form\n\nYou can send a signed letter to HMRC instead. Your letter must include:\n\n- your name\n\n- your reference number, for example your Self Assessment Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) or VAT registration number\n\n- a full explanation of why your return or payment was late, including dates\n\nIf you could not file or pay because of computer problems, you should include the date you tried to file or pay online with details of any system error message.\n\nSend your claim to the HMRC office related to your return.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou must usually appeal within 30 days of the date of the penalty notice.\n\nIf you miss this deadline you must explain the reason for the delay so that HMRC can decide if they\u2019ll consider your appeal.\n\nIf you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any penalty dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision\n\n- consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:\n\n- your review decision is dated February 2020 or later\n\n- you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline\n\n## Delay payment while appealing\n\nYou may be able to delay paying a tax bill or penalty if you disagree with the amount.\n\n## Direct tax\n\nIf you\u2019ve appealed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a direct tax decision (such as Income Tax, Corporation Tax or Capital Gains Tax) write to the HMRC office that sent you the decision, telling them:\n\n- why you think the amount you\u2019ve been asked to pay is too much\n\n- what you think the correct amount is and when you\u2019ll pay it\n\nHMRC will tell you in writing if they agree.\n\n## Penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve appealed against a penalty you will not have to pay until your appeal has been settled.\n\n## Indirect tax\n\nIf you\u2019ve asked HMRC to review an indirect tax decision, for example VAT or Insurance Premium Tax, you will not need to pay until the review has finished.\n\nIf you appeal to the tax tribunal you\u2019ll usually have to pay the tax before they will hear your appeal. You can ask to delay paying the tax if it would cause you extreme financial difficulty (for example, bankruptcy or liquidation).\n\nOnce a final decision has been reached, you must pay any money that you owe in full including interest.\n\n## Penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve asked for a review, or appealed to the tribunal about a penalty, HMRC will not ask you to pay it until your appeal has been settled.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s decision\n\nYou can ask for the decision to be reviewed if you do not agree with the outcome.\n\n## Reasonable excuses\n\nYou can appeal against some penalties if you have a reasonable excuse, for example for your return or payment being late.\n\n## What may count as a reasonable excuse\n\nA reasonable excuse is something that stopped you meeting a tax obligation that you took reasonable care to meet, for example:\n\n- your partner or another close relative died shortly before the tax return or payment deadline\n\n- you had an unexpected stay in hospital that prevented you from dealing with your tax affairs\n\n- you had a serious or life-threatening illness\n\n- your computer or software failed just before or while you were preparing your online return\n\n- service issues with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online services\n\n- a fire, flood or theft prevented you from completing your tax return\n\n- postal delays that you could not have predicted\n\n- delays related to a disability you have\n\nYou must send your return or payment as soon as possible after your reasonable excuse is resolved.\n\n## If you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nHMRC will consider coronavirus as a reasonable excuse for missing some tax obligations (such as payments or filing dates).\n\nExplain how you were affected by coronavirus in your appeal. You must still make the return or payment as soon as you can.\n\n## What will not count as a reasonable excuse\n\nThe following will not be accepted as a reasonable excuse:\n\n- you relied on someone else to send your return and they did not\n\n- your cheque bounced or payment failed because you did not have enough money\n\n- you found the HMRC online system too difficult to use\n\n- you did not get a reminder from HMRC\n\n- you made a mistake on your tax return", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a cottage that I rent on short lets. The income is modest but I file a tax return. This year my tax assessment as more than the income for the rent. There is obviously an error.", + "original_question": "Do I need to pay the assessed tax bill right away if I appeal to HMRC?" + }, + { + "id": "train-876", + "question": "Scenario: I am a sole trader. I have tried to pay my tax by bank transfer. The money left my account but HMRC state they have not received it and have issued a penalty for late payment.\n\nQuestion: Can I appeal the penalty once my bank has managed to send the money to the correct HMRC account?\n\nDocument - Disagree with a tax decision:\n## Overview\n\nYou can contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have a query about a tax decision. If you do not understand the decision you can also get advice from HMRC or professional help.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nHMRC will send you a decision letter that will tell you if you can appeal against a tax decision.\n\nYou can appeal against some decisions about:\n\n- your tax bill (for example Self Assessment, Corporation Tax, VAT)\n\n- a claim for tax relief\n\n- a request for information or to check your business records\n\n- a penalty (for example if you paid your tax late or filed your tax return late)\n\nYour appeal can be made by someone who deals with your taxes, for example an accountant.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay your own costs if you appeal a tax decision. You may be able to delay the payment of a penalty or any tax you owe until your appeal\u2019s been resolved.\n\n## If HMRC did not act on information\n\nYou may be able to ask HMRC to cancel tax you owe if they did not act on information that you, your employer or the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) gave them.\n\nYou can do this if you owe:\n\n- Income Tax, for example because you were on the wrong tax code\n\n- Capital Gains Tax\n\n- Class 4 National Insurance contributions\n\n## Appeal against a tax decision\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to tell you if you can appeal. You can use the appeal form you got with your decision letter, or write to HMRC at the address on the letter. You usually have 30 days to appeal.\n\nIf you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any decision dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- your name or business name\n\n- your tax reference number (this will be on the decision letter)\n\n- what you disagree with and why\n\n- what you think the correct figures are and how you\u2019ve calculated them\n\n- your signature\n\nYou should also tell HMRC if you have any extra information or if you think they\u2019ve missed something.\n\nIf you do not have a letter you can write to the HMRC office related to your return.\n\nIf you want to appeal a decision about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can request a review by HMRC or appeal straight to the tax tribunal.\n\nIf customs has seized your things because you have not paid duty or VAT, you can ask for your things back.\n\n## What happens next\n\nWhen you appeal you can accept HMRC\u2019s offer of a review, or request one (if it\u2019s for direct tax). HMRC will tell you what to do next.\n\nA review will be carried out by someone who was not involved in the original decision. This usually takes 45 days, but HMRC will contact you if it will take longer.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision\n\n- consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:\n\n- your review decision is dated February 2020 or later\n\n- you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline\n\n## Appeal against a penalty\n\nYou can appeal to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a penalty, for example for:\n\n- an inaccurate return\n\n- sending in your tax return late\n\n- paying tax late\n\n- failing to keep adequate records\n\nA HMRC officer who was not previously involved with your penalty decision will carry out a review if you appeal.\n\nIf you want to appeal a penalty about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can either:\n\n- request a review from HMRC\n\n- appeal straight to the tax tribunal\n\nYour penalty may be cancelled or amended if you have a reasonable excuse.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nIf HMRC sends you a penalty letter by post, use the appeal form that comes with it or follow the instructions on the letter.\n\nFor Self Assessment, PAYE, VAT and Corporation Tax, there are extra documents you can use or alternative ways to appeal.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing a Self Assessment penalty\n\nYou can get your penalty cancelled if you did not send a tax return because you no longer needed to. Tell HMRC online you do not need to be self assessed or call the helpline.\n\nOtherwise, to appeal you\u2019ll need:\n\n- the date the penalty was issued\n\n- the date you filed your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- details of your reasonable excuse for late filing\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a \u00a3100 late filing penalty from tax year 2015 to 2016 onwards, you can appeal online or by post. You\u2019ll need to set up a Government Gateway account if you do not have one to appeal online.\n\nFor other penalties, you need to appeal by post. Send a completed form SA370 or a letter explaining your appeal to HMRC Self Assessment.\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a penalty to a partnership for a late tax return, appeal by post using form SA371. Only the nominated partner can appeal.\n\n## If you\u2019re an employer appealing a PAYE penalty\n\nYou can appeal online if you\u2019re registered for HMRC\u2019s PAYE for employers service. Once you\u2019ve logged in, select \u2018Appeal a penalty\u2019. You\u2019ll get an immediate acknowledgment when you submit your appeal.\n\n## If you filed a late VAT or Corporation Tax return\n\nYou can also use these specific forms for:\n\n- VAT if you had a reasonable excuse for filing late\n\n- Corporation Tax if you filed late because of computer problems\n\n## If you do not have an appeal form\n\nYou can send a signed letter to HMRC instead. Your letter must include:\n\n- your name\n\n- your reference number, for example your Self Assessment Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) or VAT registration number\n\n- a full explanation of why your return or payment was late, including dates\n\nIf you could not file or pay because of computer problems, you should include the date you tried to file or pay online with details of any system error message.\n\nSend your claim to the HMRC office related to your return.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou must usually appeal within 30 days of the date of the penalty notice.\n\nIf you miss this deadline you must explain the reason for the delay so that HMRC can decide if they\u2019ll consider your appeal.\n\nIf you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any penalty dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision\n\n- consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:\n\n- your review decision is dated February 2020 or later\n\n- you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline\n\n## Delay payment while appealing\n\nYou may be able to delay paying a tax bill or penalty if you disagree with the amount.\n\n## Direct tax\n\nIf you\u2019ve appealed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a direct tax decision (such as Income Tax, Corporation Tax or Capital Gains Tax) write to the HMRC office that sent you the decision, telling them:\n\n- why you think the amount you\u2019ve been asked to pay is too much\n\n- what you think the correct amount is and when you\u2019ll pay it\n\nHMRC will tell you in writing if they agree.\n\n## Penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve appealed against a penalty you will not have to pay until your appeal has been settled.\n\n## Indirect tax\n\nIf you\u2019ve asked HMRC to review an indirect tax decision, for example VAT or Insurance Premium Tax, you will not need to pay until the review has finished.\n\nIf you appeal to the tax tribunal you\u2019ll usually have to pay the tax before they will hear your appeal. You can ask to delay paying the tax if it would cause you extreme financial difficulty (for example, bankruptcy or liquidation).\n\nOnce a final decision has been reached, you must pay any money that you owe in full including interest.\n\n## Penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve asked for a review, or appealed to the tribunal about a penalty, HMRC will not ask you to pay it until your appeal has been settled.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s decision\n\nYou can ask for the decision to be reviewed if you do not agree with the outcome.\n\n## Reasonable excuses\n\nYou can appeal against some penalties if you have a reasonable excuse, for example for your return or payment being late.\n\n## What may count as a reasonable excuse\n\nA reasonable excuse is something that stopped you meeting a tax obligation that you took reasonable care to meet, for example:\n\n- your partner or another close relative died shortly before the tax return or payment deadline\n\n- you had an unexpected stay in hospital that prevented you from dealing with your tax affairs\n\n- you had a serious or life-threatening illness\n\n- your computer or software failed just before or while you were preparing your online return\n\n- service issues with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online services\n\n- a fire, flood or theft prevented you from completing your tax return\n\n- postal delays that you could not have predicted\n\n- delays related to a disability you have\n\nYou must send your return or payment as soon as possible after your reasonable excuse is resolved.\n\n## If you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nHMRC will consider coronavirus as a reasonable excuse for missing some tax obligations (such as payments or filing dates).\n\nExplain how you were affected by coronavirus in your appeal. You must still make the return or payment as soon as you can.\n\n## What will not count as a reasonable excuse\n\nThe following will not be accepted as a reasonable excuse:\n\n- you relied on someone else to send your return and they did not\n\n- your cheque bounced or payment failed because you did not have enough money\n\n- you found the HMRC online system too difficult to use\n\n- you did not get a reminder from HMRC\n\n- you made a mistake on your tax return", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a sole trader. I have tried to pay my tax by bank transfer. The money left my account but HMRC state they have not received it and have issued a penalty for late payment.", + "original_question": "Can I appeal the penalty once my bank has managed to send the money to the correct HMRC account?" + }, + { + "id": "train-878", + "question": "Scenario: I am planning to upgrade my property. The garden walls need to be made taller and the windows replaced, I need an extension of my kitchen area too.\n\nQuestion: Does it require approval for building regulations?\n\nDocument - Building regulations approval:\n## When you need approval\n\nYou must check if you need approval before you construct or change buildings in certain ways.\n\nYou do not need to get approval yourself if you use someone registered with a competent person scheme.\n\nFind out about the rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nBuilding regulations approval is different from planning permission. You might need both.\n\n## Work covered by building regulations\n\nThe Building Regulations 2010 cover the construction and extension of buildings.\n\nYou might also need building regulations approval for many alteration projects, including if you plan to:\n\n- replace fuse boxes and connected electrics\n\n- install a bathroom that will involve plumbing\n\n- change electrics near a bath or shower\n\n- put in a fixed air-conditioning system\n\n- replace windows and doors\n\n- replace roof coverings on pitched and flat roofs\n\n- install or replace a heating system\n\n- add extra radiators to a heating system\n\nYou could need approval, or to follow special rules, for works not listed here - so always research your particular project.\n\nCheck with a building control body if you cannot decide if you need approval.\n\nYou do not need advance approval for emergency repairs to your boiler or heating system, but there are rules you must follow.\n\n## Penalties and problems\n\nThe person doing the work could be prosecuted and fined if they do not comply with building regulations.\n\nYour local authority could make you pay for faulty work to be fixed.\n\nWithout approval you will not have the certificates of compliance you may need when you want to sell your home.\n\n## When you do not need approval\n\nYou do not need to apply for approval yourself if the work is not covered by building regulations, or if it\u2019s carried out by someone who\u2019s registered with a competent person scheme.\n\n## Work that does not need approval\n\nYou do not need building regulations approval for some exempt projects, including:\n\n- most repairs, replacements and maintenance work (except heating systems, oil tanks, fuse boxes and glazing units)\n\n- new power and lighting points, or changes to existing circuits (except around baths and showers)\n\n- like-for-like replacements of baths, toilets, basins and sinks\n\nFind out more about common projects and check when you do and do not need approval.\n\nCheck with a building control body if you\u2019re still not sure what to do.\n\n## Hire a \u2018competent person\u2019\n\nIf your project needs approval but you\u2019d rather not apply yourself, you can hire a tradesperson registered with a competent person scheme instead.\n\nYou must meet safety and energy efficiency standards even if you do not need formal approval.\n\n## Use a competent person scheme\n\nCompetent person schemes are a way for tradespeople to prove their ability to carry out certain work to required standards, instead of you applying for building regulations approval.\n\n## Benefits of a registered tradesperson\n\nAn installer (eg of windows or boilers) who\u2019s registered with a scheme can self-certify that their work complies with buildings standards and can deal with building control issues, like objections.\n\nIf needed, they\u2019ll tell your local authority about work on your behalf. They\u2019ll also give you a certificate within 8 weeks of completion which can be used as evidence of compliance - it will also show up in solicitors\u2019 searches if you come to sell your home.\n\nCompetent person schemes have insurance-backed warranties and complaints procedures if there\u2019s a problem with the work.\n\n## Find a \u2018competent person\u2019\n\nSearch the Competent Persons Register to find a tradesperson, or check that they belong to a scheme.\n\nSearch the Electrical Competent Person Register if you\u2019re looking for an electrician to work on your home.\n\nYou may have to correct the work or pay a fine if building regulations are not followed.\n\n## How to apply\n\nContact a \u2018building control body\u2019 (BCB) to check the building regulations or apply for approval.\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Where to apply\n\nThere are 2 types of BCB. It\u2019s up to you which you use.\n\n## Local authority BCBs\n\nYou can apply for approval from your council.\n\n## Private BCBs\n\nYou can apply through a private approved inspector.\n\nThey\u2019ll tell your local authority about the work. This is called giving an \u2018initial notice\u2019.\n\n## Choose a type of application\n\nYou must decide on the type of application for your planned build, extension or alteration work.\n\n## Full plans\n\nThis is the most thorough option. You can expect a decision within 5 weeks, or 2 months with your consent.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a completion certificate within 8 weeks of completion of the building work as long as it complies.\n\n## Building notice\n\nThis type of application is only for smaller projects. You can start work 2 days after your notice has been submitted to your BCB. You do not get formal approval like you do with full plans.\n\n## Regularisation\n\nYou can apply for \u2018regularisation\u2019 - retrospective approval for work already carried out without consent - from a local authority BCB only.\n\nOnly work carried out after 11 November 1985 can be approved in this way.\n\nYou might need to make alterations before your BCB can agree the work complies and give you a regularisation certificate.\n\nYou may have to correct the work or pay a fine if building regulations are not followed.\n\n## Fees and costs\n\nLocal authority BCBs base their fees on the costs of their work, like site inspections.\n\nWhat you\u2019ll pay depends on the:\n\n- type of work involved\n\n- number of dwellings in the building\n\n- total floor area, eg in the case of extensions\n\nPrivate BCBs negotiate their fees directly with you.\n\nYou might not have to pay a fee for works carried out solely for a person with a disability.\n\n## Appeals and determinations\n\nYou can appeal if you think your project should not have to comply with building regulations.\n\nAsk for a \u2018determination\u2019 if you\u2019re refused building regulations approval and you think the building control body (BCB) decision is unfair.\n\n## If you think you should not have to comply\n\nAsk your local authority to ignore or relax one or more of the building regulations if you think your project shouldn\u2019t have to comply with them.\n\nIf the local authority still says you have to comply, you can appeal to government. You have a month to make the appeal.\n\nFind out about making an appeal.\n\nYou cannot ask a private BCB to ignore or relax the building regulations. You\u2019ll have to ask your local authority BCB instead.\n\n## If the BCB refuses building regulations approval\n\nYou can ask for a \u2018determination\u2019 - a decision by government - if a BCB says your plans do not comply but you believe they do. Find out about asking for a determination.\n\n## How to appeal or get a determination\n\nYou\u2019ll need to read the guidance and fill in a form.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee when you ask for a determination unless your building work is for disabled people. You don\u2019t have to pay a fee to appeal.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/building-regulations-approval", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am planning to upgrade my property. The garden walls need to be made taller and the windows replaced, I need an extension of my kitchen area too.", + "original_question": "Does it require approval for building regulations?" + }, + { + "id": "train-879", + "question": "Scenario: Few months after my friend Titus ran bankrupt and closed his business down . His family has managed to pull together and cleared all the creditors debts through the solicitor . Titus now has more capital to restart his electronics supply business.\n\nQuestion: Can he cancel the bankruptcy?\n\nDocument - Applying to become bankrupt:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to make yourself bankrupt if you cannot pay your debts.\n\nCheck if there are other ways you can deal with your debts before you apply for bankruptcy.\n\nYour application will be looked at by someone who works for the Insolvency Service called an \u2018adjudicator\u2019. They\u2019ll decide if you should be made bankrupt.\n\nThe process is different if someone else is applying to make you bankrupt.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can only apply for bankruptcy online. It costs \u00a3680.\n\n## What happens when you go bankrupt\n\nIf the adjudicator makes you bankrupt:\n\n- you\u2019ll receive a copy of the bankruptcy order and may be interviewed about your situation\n\n- your assets can be used to pay your debts\n\n- you\u2019ll have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions\n\n- your name and details will be published in the Individual Insolvency Register\n\nYou can apply to have your address removed from the Individual Insolvency Register if publishing it will put you at risk of violence. This will not affect your bankruptcy.\n\nAfter 12 months you\u2019re usually released (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your bankruptcy restrictions and debts. Assets that were part of your estate during the bankruptcy period can still be used to pay your debts.\n\nYou might be able to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy before you\u2019re discharged.\n\nBankruptcy only applies to individuals. Find out what your options are if your limited company cannot pay its creditors.\n\n## Get help and information\n\nRead the following:\n\n- the Citizens Advice bankruptcy advice guide\n\n- the Money Advice Service\u2019s guide on options for writing off your debt\n\nYou can also contact the National Debtline for bankruptcy advice.\n\nYou can get free advice from a debt adviser to help you decide how to deal with your debts.\n\n## If you do not live in England or Wales\n\nThe process to become bankrupt is different if you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland. You cannot apply to become bankrupt in England or Wales.\n\nYou might be able to apply if you live anywhere else - talk to a debt adviser.\n\nYou must not break the bankruptcy restrictions in England or Wales. These might also apply outside England and Wales - check the laws of the country you live in.\n\n## Get a person at risk of violence (PARV) order\n\nWhen you\u2019re made bankrupt, your name and address will be published in:\n\n- the Individual Insolvency Register\n\n- the London Gazette\n\nIf having your address published will put you at risk of violence, you can apply to the court for a person at risk of violence (PARV) order.\n\nYour name will still be published, but your address will not be.\n\nYou can only apply for a PARV if you\u2019ve already started a bankruptcy application.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application form.\n\nTake your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy. They\u2019ll tell you if you need to pay a fee to apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to go to a hearing to present your application to a judge - the court will tell you when and where this will take place. You\u2019ll usually get a decision on the same day.\n\nSubmit your bankruptcy application once you have your PARV order.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get an email or letter from the adjudicator within 28 days of submitting your application to say if you\u2019ve been made bankrupt.\n\nThis can take longer if the adjudicator needs to ask more questions about your application.\n\nThey\u2019ll then issue a bankruptcy order.\n\n## After you get your bankruptcy order\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the official receiver within 2 weeks of getting your bankruptcy order. The official receiver is an officer of the court who manages your bankruptcy.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get an information pack that explains what you need to know and what you must do.\n\nYou might be asked to:\n\n- fill in a questionnaire\n\n- attend an interview with the official receiver\n\n- give the official receiver more information about your debts, creditors, assets and income\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to attend an interview\n\nThe interview can be in person or over the phone. The official receiver will:\n\n- check the information they have about your debts and assets\n\n- ask for more details, for example about your pension or savings\n\n- ask how and why you became bankrupt\n\n- answer any questions you have about the bankruptcy process\n\nYour release (\u2018discharge\u2019) from bankruptcy may be delayed if you do not provide the information you\u2019re asked for.\n\n## Restrictions\n\nYou have to follow bankruptcy restrictions when you\u2019re bankrupt. This means you cannot:\n\n- borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender you\u2019re bankrupt\n\n- act as a director of a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- manage a business with a different name without telling people you do business with that you\u2019re bankrupt\n\n- work as an insolvency practitioner (an authorised debt specialist)\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence to break the restrictions - you might be prosecuted if you do.\n\nYou must co-operate with the people managing your bankruptcy, for example by providing them with the information they ask for.\n\n## How long the restrictions last\n\nRestrictions last until your bankruptcy ends. This will happen sooner if you cancel your bankruptcy.\n\n## When the restrictions can be extended\n\nBankruptcy restrictions can be extended if you do not carry out your duties under the bankruptcy proceedings or if you\u2019re found to have acted carelessly or dishonestly.\n\nThe official receiver will tell you if the restrictions will be extended.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to agree to a Bankruptcy Restrictions Undertaking to extend the restrictions. If you do not agree, they\u2019ll ask the court to issue a Bankruptcy Restrictions Order.\n\n## Your assets\n\nYour assets might be sold to pay your bankruptcy debts. You have to hand over your assets to the person appointed to manage your bankruptcy (your \u2018trustee\u2019). They can be:\n\n- an official receiver - an officer of the court\n\n- an insolvency practitioner - an authorised debt specialist\n\nThe official receiver will usually act as your trustee to begin with.\n\n## Assets you can keep\n\nYou can usually keep:\n\n- items needed for your job, such as tools or a vehicle\n\n- household items, such as clothing, bedding or furniture\n\nYou might have to give these items up if they\u2019re worth more than a reasonable replacement.\n\n## Your bank accounts\n\nYou must give the official receiver your bank cards, cheque books and credit cards for any accounts you\u2019re no longer allowed to use. This includes any account that was overdrawn on the date you were made bankrupt.\n\nYour accounts will be frozen but your trustee may release:\n\n- any money you need urgently, for example to buy food\n\n- your partner\u2019s share of any money in a joint account\n\nYour bank will decide whether to allow you to continue using your accounts.\n\n## Your pension\n\nYou usually keep any money you\u2019ve put into a pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.\n\nSpeak to your trustee or read the guidance to find out how bankruptcy will affect your pension.\n\nYou can get free advice on managing your money and how bankruptcy affects your credit rating from Citizens Advice or National Debtline.\n\n## Your home\n\nYour home might be sold depending on your equity - your share after any secured debts (like a mortgage) have been paid.\n\nYou might have to give up:\n\n- your equity\n\n- legal ownership of the property if your equity is \u00a31,000 or more\n\nIf your trustee has not put your home up for sale within 3 years it will be transferred back to you.\n\n## Sole owners\n\nThe equity and legal ownership are transferred to your trustee. This means you cannot sell the property or claim any money from a sale.\n\nA bankruptcy restriction or notice is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register to say this.\n\nIt can only be removed if it\u2019s been added to your property by mistake. Send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying you are not bankrupt and an application to change the register for a property.\n\n## Joint owners\n\nThe equity is transferred to your trustee.\n\nA \u2018Form J restriction\u2019 is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register. This means your trustee will be told of any dealings connected with your home, for example if you try to sell it.\n\nIt can be removed if you can prove you (as the bankrupt) do not have a share in the property, for example if your partner owns the property. The owner has to send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying they are not the bankrupt person and an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction.\n\n## Stop the sale of your home\n\nYou might be able to stop or delay the sale of your home if, for example:\n\n- the value of your equity is less than \u00a31,000\n\n- the equity or legal title can be sold to someone else, such as a partner\n\n- you need to organise somewhere for children or a partner to live - the sale can be delayed for up to 1 year\n\nYou may want to get legal advice to find out if you can stop or delay the sale of your home.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Rented property\n\nYour landlord may be told that you\u2019re bankrupt and your rental situation may be affected.\n\n## Your income\n\nYour trustee will tell you if you have to make monthly payments from your spare income - you\u2019ll only have to do this if you can afford it.\n\nThe arrangement can last for up to 3 years and is called an Income Payments Agreement (IPA).\n\nIf you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.\n\nIf you do not agree to the IPA your trustee can ask the court to order you to make monthly payments. This is called an Income Payments Order (IPO).\n\nYour official receiver will set up your IPA or IPO and charge a fee. The fee can be up to \u00a3150 and is taken out of your first payment.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nThe monthly amount you pay depends on how much you can afford after essential expenses like food and bills are paid.\n\n## Cancel a bankruptcy\n\nYou can apply to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy if:\n\n- the bankruptcy order should not have been made\n\n- all your debts and bankruptcy fees have been paid or secured (guaranteed) by a third party\n\n- you\u2018ve made an Individual Voluntary Arrangement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts\n\nIf your circumstances change and you can pay off all your debts, then you must pay it through your official receiver or a solicitor.\n\nThis means you will not have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application form.\n\nSend or take your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy.\n\nYou must tell the court if you want details of your bankruptcy removed from the Land Charges register.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a date for a court hearing of your application, which you must attend.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to attend your interview with the official receiver if you\u2019ve been asked to.\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, they\u2019ll make an annulment order which cancels your bankruptcy.\n\n## Advertise your cancellation order\n\nYou can ask the official receiver to advertise your annulment order within 28 days of getting it. You cannot do this if your bankruptcy order has not been advertised yet.\n\nYour annulment order will be advertised wherever your bankruptcy order was.\n\n## When bankruptcy ends\n\nYour bankruptcy and the restrictions generally end when you\u2019re \u2018discharged\u2019, which is usually automatic.\n\nThis is usually 12 months after the adjudicator made you bankrupt. It can be longer in some circumstances, for example if you do not co-operate with your trustee.\n\nCheck your discharge date online using the Individual Insolvency Register.\n\nIf you cancel your bankruptcy, all restrictions will end immediately and your details will be removed from the Individual Insolvency Register.\n\n## Proof of discharge\n\nEmail the Insolvency Service and ask for a \u2018confirmation letter\u2019 to prove your bankruptcy has ended. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for a mortgage, you\u2019ll need a Certificate of Discharge.\n\nHow you get it depends on how you applied for your bankruptcy.\n\nIf you applied:\n\n- at a court, contact the court and pay the \u00a370 fee (\u00a310 for each copy)\n\n- online, email the Insolvency Service - there\u2019s no fee\n\n## Bankruptcy registers\n\nThe Individual Insolvency Register is updated within 3 months of your discharge.\n\nYou must apply to both Land Charges and HM Land Registry to have your bankruptcy entry removed from any properties you still own after paying your debts.\n\nBankruptcy entries are automatically removed from the Land Charges register after 5 years if they\u2019re not renewed.\n\n## Apply to Land Charges\n\nSend an application to cancel an entry in the Land Register (K11) to the Land Charges Department.\n\nYou need to include:\n\n- a copy of your court order permitting the cancellation (or \u2018vacation\u2019) of the entry\n\n- \u00a31 for each entry you want to cancel\n\n## Apply to HM Land Registry\n\nYou need to send HM Land Registry either:\n\n- an application to change the register for a property, if you\u2019re the sole owner of your property\n\n- an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction, if you own your property with someone else\n\nYou must include a copy of your court order.\n\nAll forms sent will be destroyed once the registers are updated. You can send copies if you write \u201cI certify that this is a true copy of the original\u201d together with your signature on the first page.\n\n## Your credit record\n\nCredit reference agencies will not be told directly when your bankruptcy ends - they\u2019ll get this information from public records.\n\nGet a copy of your credit reference report - contact a credit reference agency if it needs updating.\n\nYour bankruptcy can stay on your credit reference file for 6 years from the date of your bankruptcy.\n\n## Debts that will not be written off\n\nWhen you\u2019re discharged you\u2019ll be released from most, but not all, of the debts you owed at the date of the bankruptcy.\n\nDebts you will not be released from include:\n\n- debts arising from fraud\n\n- anything you owe under family proceedings - unless the court decides otherwise\n\n- damages for personal injuries to anyone - unless the court decides otherwise\n\n- debts which were not included in the bankruptcy itself, for example a debt to the Student Loans Company", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Few months after my friend Titus ran bankrupt and closed his business down . His family has managed to pull together and cleared all the creditors debts through the solicitor . Titus now has more capital to restart his electronics supply business.", + "original_question": "Can he cancel the bankruptcy?" + }, + { + "id": "train-880", + "question": "Scenario: I own a chain of supermarkets and my businesses are trading at a loss due to lack of supplies, staff pilferage and general poor management. I can't pay my suppliers and employees anymore. I have a lot of accumulated debt. If I apply to become bankrupt next month.\n\nQuestion: Will my name be put in the insolviency register?\n\nDocument - Applying to become bankrupt:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to make yourself bankrupt if you cannot pay your debts.\n\nCheck if there are other ways you can deal with your debts before you apply for bankruptcy.\n\nYour application will be looked at by someone who works for the Insolvency Service called an \u2018adjudicator\u2019. They\u2019ll decide if you should be made bankrupt.\n\nThe process is different if someone else is applying to make you bankrupt.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can only apply for bankruptcy online. It costs \u00a3680.\n\n## What happens when you go bankrupt\n\nIf the adjudicator makes you bankrupt:\n\n- you\u2019ll receive a copy of the bankruptcy order and may be interviewed about your situation\n\n- your assets can be used to pay your debts\n\n- you\u2019ll have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions\n\n- your name and details will be published in the Individual Insolvency Register\n\nYou can apply to have your address removed from the Individual Insolvency Register if publishing it will put you at risk of violence. This will not affect your bankruptcy.\n\nAfter 12 months you\u2019re usually released (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your bankruptcy restrictions and debts. Assets that were part of your estate during the bankruptcy period can still be used to pay your debts.\n\nYou might be able to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy before you\u2019re discharged.\n\nBankruptcy only applies to individuals. Find out what your options are if your limited company cannot pay its creditors.\n\n## Get help and information\n\nRead the following:\n\n- the Citizens Advice bankruptcy advice guide\n\n- the Money Advice Service\u2019s guide on options for writing off your debt\n\nYou can also contact the National Debtline for bankruptcy advice.\n\nYou can get free advice from a debt adviser to help you decide how to deal with your debts.\n\n## If you do not live in England or Wales\n\nThe process to become bankrupt is different if you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland. You cannot apply to become bankrupt in England or Wales.\n\nYou might be able to apply if you live anywhere else - talk to a debt adviser.\n\nYou must not break the bankruptcy restrictions in England or Wales. These might also apply outside England and Wales - check the laws of the country you live in.\n\n## Get a person at risk of violence (PARV) order\n\nWhen you\u2019re made bankrupt, your name and address will be published in:\n\n- the Individual Insolvency Register\n\n- the London Gazette\n\nIf having your address published will put you at risk of violence, you can apply to the court for a person at risk of violence (PARV) order.\n\nYour name will still be published, but your address will not be.\n\nYou can only apply for a PARV if you\u2019ve already started a bankruptcy application.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application form.\n\nTake your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy. They\u2019ll tell you if you need to pay a fee to apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to go to a hearing to present your application to a judge - the court will tell you when and where this will take place. You\u2019ll usually get a decision on the same day.\n\nSubmit your bankruptcy application once you have your PARV order.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get an email or letter from the adjudicator within 28 days of submitting your application to say if you\u2019ve been made bankrupt.\n\nThis can take longer if the adjudicator needs to ask more questions about your application.\n\nThey\u2019ll then issue a bankruptcy order.\n\n## After you get your bankruptcy order\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the official receiver within 2 weeks of getting your bankruptcy order. The official receiver is an officer of the court who manages your bankruptcy.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get an information pack that explains what you need to know and what you must do.\n\nYou might be asked to:\n\n- fill in a questionnaire\n\n- attend an interview with the official receiver\n\n- give the official receiver more information about your debts, creditors, assets and income\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to attend an interview\n\nThe interview can be in person or over the phone. The official receiver will:\n\n- check the information they have about your debts and assets\n\n- ask for more details, for example about your pension or savings\n\n- ask how and why you became bankrupt\n\n- answer any questions you have about the bankruptcy process\n\nYour release (\u2018discharge\u2019) from bankruptcy may be delayed if you do not provide the information you\u2019re asked for.\n\n## Restrictions\n\nYou have to follow bankruptcy restrictions when you\u2019re bankrupt. This means you cannot:\n\n- borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender you\u2019re bankrupt\n\n- act as a director of a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- manage a business with a different name without telling people you do business with that you\u2019re bankrupt\n\n- work as an insolvency practitioner (an authorised debt specialist)\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence to break the restrictions - you might be prosecuted if you do.\n\nYou must co-operate with the people managing your bankruptcy, for example by providing them with the information they ask for.\n\n## How long the restrictions last\n\nRestrictions last until your bankruptcy ends. This will happen sooner if you cancel your bankruptcy.\n\n## When the restrictions can be extended\n\nBankruptcy restrictions can be extended if you do not carry out your duties under the bankruptcy proceedings or if you\u2019re found to have acted carelessly or dishonestly.\n\nThe official receiver will tell you if the restrictions will be extended.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to agree to a Bankruptcy Restrictions Undertaking to extend the restrictions. If you do not agree, they\u2019ll ask the court to issue a Bankruptcy Restrictions Order.\n\n## Your assets\n\nYour assets might be sold to pay your bankruptcy debts. You have to hand over your assets to the person appointed to manage your bankruptcy (your \u2018trustee\u2019). They can be:\n\n- an official receiver - an officer of the court\n\n- an insolvency practitioner - an authorised debt specialist\n\nThe official receiver will usually act as your trustee to begin with.\n\n## Assets you can keep\n\nYou can usually keep:\n\n- items needed for your job, such as tools or a vehicle\n\n- household items, such as clothing, bedding or furniture\n\nYou might have to give these items up if they\u2019re worth more than a reasonable replacement.\n\n## Your bank accounts\n\nYou must give the official receiver your bank cards, cheque books and credit cards for any accounts you\u2019re no longer allowed to use. This includes any account that was overdrawn on the date you were made bankrupt.\n\nYour accounts will be frozen but your trustee may release:\n\n- any money you need urgently, for example to buy food\n\n- your partner\u2019s share of any money in a joint account\n\nYour bank will decide whether to allow you to continue using your accounts.\n\n## Your pension\n\nYou usually keep any money you\u2019ve put into a pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.\n\nSpeak to your trustee or read the guidance to find out how bankruptcy will affect your pension.\n\nYou can get free advice on managing your money and how bankruptcy affects your credit rating from Citizens Advice or National Debtline.\n\n## Your home\n\nYour home might be sold depending on your equity - your share after any secured debts (like a mortgage) have been paid.\n\nYou might have to give up:\n\n- your equity\n\n- legal ownership of the property if your equity is \u00a31,000 or more\n\nIf your trustee has not put your home up for sale within 3 years it will be transferred back to you.\n\n## Sole owners\n\nThe equity and legal ownership are transferred to your trustee. This means you cannot sell the property or claim any money from a sale.\n\nA bankruptcy restriction or notice is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register to say this.\n\nIt can only be removed if it\u2019s been added to your property by mistake. Send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying you are not bankrupt and an application to change the register for a property.\n\n## Joint owners\n\nThe equity is transferred to your trustee.\n\nA \u2018Form J restriction\u2019 is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register. This means your trustee will be told of any dealings connected with your home, for example if you try to sell it.\n\nIt can be removed if you can prove you (as the bankrupt) do not have a share in the property, for example if your partner owns the property. The owner has to send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying they are not the bankrupt person and an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction.\n\n## Stop the sale of your home\n\nYou might be able to stop or delay the sale of your home if, for example:\n\n- the value of your equity is less than \u00a31,000\n\n- the equity or legal title can be sold to someone else, such as a partner\n\n- you need to organise somewhere for children or a partner to live - the sale can be delayed for up to 1 year\n\nYou may want to get legal advice to find out if you can stop or delay the sale of your home.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Rented property\n\nYour landlord may be told that you\u2019re bankrupt and your rental situation may be affected.\n\n## Your income\n\nYour trustee will tell you if you have to make monthly payments from your spare income - you\u2019ll only have to do this if you can afford it.\n\nThe arrangement can last for up to 3 years and is called an Income Payments Agreement (IPA).\n\nIf you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.\n\nIf you do not agree to the IPA your trustee can ask the court to order you to make monthly payments. This is called an Income Payments Order (IPO).\n\nYour official receiver will set up your IPA or IPO and charge a fee. The fee can be up to \u00a3150 and is taken out of your first payment.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nThe monthly amount you pay depends on how much you can afford after essential expenses like food and bills are paid.\n\n## Cancel a bankruptcy\n\nYou can apply to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy if:\n\n- the bankruptcy order should not have been made\n\n- all your debts and bankruptcy fees have been paid or secured (guaranteed) by a third party\n\n- you\u2018ve made an Individual Voluntary Arrangement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts\n\nIf your circumstances change and you can pay off all your debts, then you must pay it through your official receiver or a solicitor.\n\nThis means you will not have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application form.\n\nSend or take your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy.\n\nYou must tell the court if you want details of your bankruptcy removed from the Land Charges register.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a date for a court hearing of your application, which you must attend.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to attend your interview with the official receiver if you\u2019ve been asked to.\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, they\u2019ll make an annulment order which cancels your bankruptcy.\n\n## Advertise your cancellation order\n\nYou can ask the official receiver to advertise your annulment order within 28 days of getting it. You cannot do this if your bankruptcy order has not been advertised yet.\n\nYour annulment order will be advertised wherever your bankruptcy order was.\n\n## When bankruptcy ends\n\nYour bankruptcy and the restrictions generally end when you\u2019re \u2018discharged\u2019, which is usually automatic.\n\nThis is usually 12 months after the adjudicator made you bankrupt. It can be longer in some circumstances, for example if you do not co-operate with your trustee.\n\nCheck your discharge date online using the Individual Insolvency Register.\n\nIf you cancel your bankruptcy, all restrictions will end immediately and your details will be removed from the Individual Insolvency Register.\n\n## Proof of discharge\n\nEmail the Insolvency Service and ask for a \u2018confirmation letter\u2019 to prove your bankruptcy has ended. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for a mortgage, you\u2019ll need a Certificate of Discharge.\n\nHow you get it depends on how you applied for your bankruptcy.\n\nIf you applied:\n\n- at a court, contact the court and pay the \u00a370 fee (\u00a310 for each copy)\n\n- online, email the Insolvency Service - there\u2019s no fee\n\n## Bankruptcy registers\n\nThe Individual Insolvency Register is updated within 3 months of your discharge.\n\nYou must apply to both Land Charges and HM Land Registry to have your bankruptcy entry removed from any properties you still own after paying your debts.\n\nBankruptcy entries are automatically removed from the Land Charges register after 5 years if they\u2019re not renewed.\n\n## Apply to Land Charges\n\nSend an application to cancel an entry in the Land Register (K11) to the Land Charges Department.\n\nYou need to include:\n\n- a copy of your court order permitting the cancellation (or \u2018vacation\u2019) of the entry\n\n- \u00a31 for each entry you want to cancel\n\n## Apply to HM Land Registry\n\nYou need to send HM Land Registry either:\n\n- an application to change the register for a property, if you\u2019re the sole owner of your property\n\n- an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction, if you own your property with someone else\n\nYou must include a copy of your court order.\n\nAll forms sent will be destroyed once the registers are updated. You can send copies if you write \u201cI certify that this is a true copy of the original\u201d together with your signature on the first page.\n\n## Your credit record\n\nCredit reference agencies will not be told directly when your bankruptcy ends - they\u2019ll get this information from public records.\n\nGet a copy of your credit reference report - contact a credit reference agency if it needs updating.\n\nYour bankruptcy can stay on your credit reference file for 6 years from the date of your bankruptcy.\n\n## Debts that will not be written off\n\nWhen you\u2019re discharged you\u2019ll be released from most, but not all, of the debts you owed at the date of the bankruptcy.\n\nDebts you will not be released from include:\n\n- debts arising from fraud\n\n- anything you owe under family proceedings - unless the court decides otherwise\n\n- damages for personal injuries to anyone - unless the court decides otherwise\n\n- debts which were not included in the bankruptcy itself, for example a debt to the Student Loans Company", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a chain of supermarkets and my businesses are trading at a loss due to lack of supplies, staff pilferage and general poor management. I can't pay my suppliers and employees anymore. I have a lot of accumulated debt. If I apply to become bankrupt next month.", + "original_question": "Will my name be put in the insolviency register?" + }, + { + "id": "train-881", + "question": "Scenario: I was bought some shares as a gift last year. I would like to sell them whilst I am told that the market looks good but I do not have much experience with the stock market at all.\n\nQuestion: Would I have to pay tax on the money I made from selling shares?\n\nDocument - Tax when you sell shares:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) shares or other investments.\n\nShares and investments you may need to pay tax on include:\n\n- shares that are not in an ISA or PEP\n\n- units in a unit trust\n\n- certain bonds (not including Premium Bonds and Qualifying Corporate Bonds)\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax. This will depend on if your total gains are above your Capital Gains Tax allowance for the tax year.\n\n## When you do not pay it\n\nYou do not usually need to pay tax if you give shares as a gift to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou also do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you dispose of:\n\n- shares you\u2019ve put into an ISA or PEP\n\n- shares in employer Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)\n\n- UK government gilts (including Premium Bonds)\n\n- Qualifying Corporate Bonds\n\n- employee shareholder shares - depending on when you got them\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your shares and what you sold them for.\n\n## Market value\n\nIn some situations you should use the market value of the shares when working out your gain. Do this if:\n\n- you gave them away as a gift to someone other than your spouse, civil partner or a charity\n\n- you sold them for less than they were worth\n\n- you inherited them and do not know the Inheritance Tax value\n\n- you owned them before April 1982\n\n- you acquired them through certain Employee Share Schemes\n\nIf the shares were given or sold to you by someone who claimed Gift Hold-Over Relief, use the amount that person paid for them to work out your gain. If you paid less than they were worth, use the amount you paid for them.\n\n## Selling in special circumstances\n\nThere are special rules for working out the cost of your shares if you sell:\n\n- shares you bought at different times and prices in one company\n\n- shares through an investment club\n\n- shares after a company merger or takeover\n\n- employee share scheme shares\n\n## Jointly owned shares and investments\n\nIf you sell shares or investments that you own jointly with other people, work out the gain for the portion that you own, instead of the whole value. There are different rules for investment clubs.\n\n## What to do next\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct certain costs of buying or selling your shares from your gain. These include:\n\n- fees, for example stockbrokers\u2019 fees\n\n- Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) when you bought the shares\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\n## Apply reliefs\n\nYou may be able to reduce or delay paying Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nWhen you know your gain you need to work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou may be able to work out how much tax to pay on your shares.\n\nYou can use the calculator if you sold shares that were:\n\n- the same type, acquired in the same company on the same date\n\n- sold at the same time\n\nYou can not use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold other shares in the tax year\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, such as a property you let out\n\n- claim any reliefs\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\nYou can claim losses on shares you own if they become worthless or of \u2018negligible value\u2019 (for example because the company goes into liquidation).\n\nHMRC has guidance on making a negligible value claim.\n\n## Selling shares in the same company\n\nThere\u2019s a different way of working out your cost if you\u2019ve sold the same type of shares in a company that you bought at different times.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to work out the average cost of your shares and deduct this from what you got for them to work out your gain.\n\nIf you bought new shares of the same type in the same company within 30 days of selling your old ones, there are special rules for working out the cost to use in your tax calculations.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help if you need advice.\n\n## Investment clubs\n\nYou work out your gain differently if you\u2019ve bought and sold shares through an investment club.\n\nAn investment club is a group of people that buys and sells shares together on the stock market.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYou\u2019ll get a written statement of your gains and losses (an \u2018investment club certificate (PDF, 212KB)\u2019) at the end of each tax year from the person who runs the club, for example its treasurer.\n\nWhen you know your gain, work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax. There are special rules if you make any losses.\n\n## Leaving an investment club\n\nThe club buys back your shares if you leave, and you need to include any gain or loss when you\u2019re working out if you need to pay tax.\n\n- Take your share of any gains during your membership of the club, and deduct your share of any losses.\n\n- Add any income from dividends you received (after tax).\n\n- Add any other money you received from the club, and deduct anything you paid into it (for example a monthly amount to invest).\n\n- Deduct the total from what you received from the club for your shares.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional help (for example from an accountant) if you need advice.\n\n## Transferring shares into the club\n\nIf you transfer shares you already own into the club, you\u2019re treated as selling them and you need to work out your gain.\n\n## If you run an investment club\n\nThe investment club treasurer or secretary should:\n\n- divide any income, gains and losses between its members according to the club\u2019s rules\n\n- give every member a written statement at the end of each tax year - you can use HMRC\u2019s investment club certificate (PDF, 212KB)\n\n- keep records including members\u2019 income and gains\n\n- arrange to buy shares from members who want to leave the club\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a new investment club, make sure it has a constitution and rules. Get legal advice from a professional if you need help.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nYou may be able to reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you have to pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n| Relief | Description |\n\n| Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief | Pay 10% Capital Gains Tax instead of the normal rates if you sell shares in a trading company that you work for and have at least 5% of the shares and voting rights (known as a \u2018personal company\u2019). |\n\n| Gift Hold-Over Relief | Pay no Capital Gains Tax if you give away shares in a personal company or unlisted company - the person you gave them to pays tax when they sell them. |\n\n| Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS) | Delay or reduce your Capital Gains Tax if you use a gain to buy unlisted shares in companies approved for EIS. |\n\n| Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) | Pay no Capital Gains Tax on a gain of up to \u00a3100,000 if you use a gain to buy new shares in small early-stage companies approved for SEIS. |\n\n| Rollover relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax if you sell unlisted shares to the trustees of a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and use the proceeds to buy new assets. |\n\nShares are \u2018unlisted\u2019 if they\u2019re in a company that is not listed on the London Stock Exchange or a recognised stock exchange abroad.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-shares", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was bought some shares as a gift last year. I would like to sell them whilst I am told that the market looks good but I do not have much experience with the stock market at all.", + "original_question": "Would I have to pay tax on the money I made from selling shares?" + }, + { + "id": "train-883", + "question": "Scenario: My father is now 65 years old . He is still working full time. He has been paying class 1 contributions . He has now reached state pension age.\n\nQuestion: Will he continue paying his contributions?\n\nDocument - National Insurance and tax after State Pension age:\n## Overview\n\nYou do not pay National Insurance after you reach State Pension age - unless you\u2019re self-employed and pay Class 4 contributions. You stop paying Class 4 contributions at the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou only pay Income Tax if your taxable income - including your private pension and State Pension - is more than your tax-free allowances (the amount of income you\u2019re allowed before you pay tax).\n\nYou must contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think you should be paying tax.\n\n## Stop paying National Insurance\n\nYou pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits including the State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re employed, you pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions as a percentage of your earnings up to State Pension age.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed, you pay Class 2 contributions at a flat weekly rate and Class 4 contributions annually as a percentage of your taxable profits.\n\n## What happens at State Pension age\n\nYou stop paying Class 1 and Class 2 contributions when you reach State Pension age - even if you\u2019re still working.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue paying Class 4 contributions until the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.\n\nFor example, you reach State Pension age on 6 September 2021. You\u2019ll stop making Class 4 contributions on 5 April 2022 and pay your final Class 4 bill by 31 January 2023, together with your Income Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re self employed, you still need to send a Self Assessment tax return for each year you work - even after you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou can claim back National Insurance if you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\n## If you continue working\n\nShow your employer proof of your age (a birth certificate or passport, for example) to make sure you stop paying National Insurance.\n\nIf you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can send you a letter to show them instead.\n\nThe letter will confirm:\n\n- you\u2019ve reached State Pension age\n\n- you do not need to pay National Insurance\n\nYou\u2019ll need to write to HMRC explaining why you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to send your birth certificate or passport for verification if HMRC does not have a record of your date of birth. Certified copies are accepted.\n\nYou can also show a certificate of age exception (CA4140) if you have one.\n\n## Age-related tax allowances\n\n## Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou can claim the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership and at least one partner was born before 6 April 1935. It gets taken off your tax bill - the amount that\u2019s deducted depends on your income.\n\n## Maintenance Payments Relief\n\nYou can get an allowance to reduce your tax bill for maintenance payments you make to an ex-spouse or civil partner if:\n\n- you or they were born before 6 April 1935\n\n- you\u2019re separated or divorced and you\u2019re making payments under a court order\n\n- the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-partner (as long as they have not re-married or formed a new civil partnership) or your children are under 21\n\n## How much you can get\n\nFor the 2021 to 2022 tax year Maintenance Payments Relief can reduce your tax bill by the lower of the following:\n\n- \u00a3353 - where you make maintenance payments of \u00a33,530 or more a year\n\n- 10% of the money you\u2019ve actually paid - where you make payments of less than \u00a33,530 a year\n\nYou cannot claim a tax reduction for any voluntary payments you make.\n\n## Claim back tax or National Insurance\n\n## National Insurance refunds\n\nYou can claim back any overpaid National Insurance.\n\n## Tax refunds\n\nYou can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve:\n\n- had too much deducted from your pension\n\n- overpaid through your job\n\nIf you complete a tax return, you can also correct mistakes and claim a refund via Self Assessment.\n\n## Claiming back tax on savings interest\n\nIf you\u2019re on a low income, you may be able to get tax-free interest or get some tax back from interest on your savings.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-national-insurance-after-state-pension-age", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father is now 65 years old . He is still working full time. He has been paying class 1 contributions . He has now reached state pension age.", + "original_question": "Will he continue paying his contributions?" + }, + { + "id": "train-885", + "question": "Scenario: I want to gift a watch to a charity. The watch is cost \u00a325,000 when I bought it in 1973. It is now worth \u00a350,000. I am considering the capital gains tax implications.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to pay capital gains tax on this?\n\nDocument - Capital Gains Tax:\n## Overview\n\nCapital Gains Tax is a tax on the profit when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) something (an \u2018asset\u2019) that\u2019s increased in value.\n\nIt\u2019s the gain you make that\u2019s taxed, not the amount of money you receive.\n\nSome assets are tax-free. You also do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax if all your gains in a year are under your tax-free allowance.\n\n## Disposing of an asset\n\nDisposing of an asset includes:\n\n- selling it\n\n- giving it away as a gift, or transferring it to someone else\n\n- swapping it for something else\n\n- getting compensation for it - like an insurance payout if it\u2019s been lost or destroyed\n\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax on the gain when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019):\n\n- most personal possessions worth \u00a36,000 or more, apart from your car\n\n- property that\u2019s not your main home\n\n- your main home if you\u2019ve let it out, used it for business or it\u2019s very large\n\n- shares that are not in an ISA or PEP\n\n- business assets\n\nThese are known as \u2018chargeable assets\u2019.\n\nIf you sell or give away cryptoassets (like cryptocurrency or bitcoin) you should check if you have to pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nDepending on the asset, you may be able to reduce any tax you pay by claiming a relief.\n\nIf you dispose of an asset you jointly own with someone else, you have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your share of the gain.\n\n## When you do not pay it\n\nYou only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your total gains above an annual tax-free allowance.\n\nYou do not usually pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\n## What you do not pay it on\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax on certain assets, including any gains you make from:\n\n- ISAs or PEPs\n\n- UK government gilts and Premium Bonds\n\n- betting, lottery or pools winnings\n\n## When someone dies\n\nWhen you inherit an asset, Inheritance Tax is usually paid by the estate of the person who\u2019s died. You only have to work out if you need to pay Capital Gains Tax if you later dispose of the asset.\n\n## Overseas assets\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax even if your asset is overseas.\n\nThere are special rules if you\u2019re a UK resident but not \u2018domiciled\u2019 and claim the \u2018remittance basis\u2019.\n\n## If you\u2019re abroad\n\nYou have to pay tax on gains you make on property and land in the UK even if you\u2019re non-resident for tax purposes. You do not pay Capital Gains Tax on other UK assets, for example shares in UK companies, unless you return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax allowances\n\nYou only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your overall gains above your tax-free allowance (called the Annual Exempt Amount).\n\nThe Capital Gains tax-free allowance is:\n\n- \u00a312,300\n\n- \u00a36,150 for trusts\n\nYou can see tax-free allowances for previous years.\n\nYou may also be able to reduce your tax bill by deducting losses or claiming reliefs - this depends on the asset.\n\n## Gifts to your spouse or charity\n\nThere are special rules for Capital Gains Tax on gifts or assets you dispose of to:\n\n- your spouse or civil partner\n\n- charity\n\nThe normal rules apply for gifts to others.\n\n## Your spouse or civil partner\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your husband, wife or civil partner, unless:\n\n- you separated and did not live together at all in that tax year\n\n- you gave them goods for their business to sell on\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If they later sell the asset\n\nYour spouse or civil partner may have to pay tax on any gain if they later dispose of the asset.\n\nTheir gain will be calculated on the difference in value between when you first owned the asset and when they disposed of it.\n\nIf this was before April 1982, your spouse or civil partner should work out their gain using the market value on 31 March 1982 instead.\n\nThey should keep a record of what you paid for the asset.\n\n## Gifts to charity\n\nYou do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give away to charity.\n\nYou may have to pay if you sell an asset to charity for both:\n\n- more than you paid for it\n\n- less than market value\n\nWork out your gain using the amount the charity actually pays you, rather than the value of the asset.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nYou need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell an asset if your total taxable gains are above your annual Capital Gains Tax allowance.\n\n## Work out your total taxable gains\n\n- Work out the gain for each asset (or your share of an asset if it\u2019s jointly owned). Do this for the personal possessions, shares, property or business assets you\u2019ve disposed of in the tax year.\n\n- Add together the gains from each asset.\n\n- Deduct any allowable losses.\n\nThe tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax if your taxable gains are above your allowance.\n\n## If your total gains are less than the tax-free allowance\n\nYou do not have to pay tax if your total taxable gains are under your Capital Gains Tax allowance.\n\nYou still need to report your gains in your tax return if both of the following apply:\n\n- the total amount you sold the assets for was more than 4 times your allowance\n\n- you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment\n\nThere are different rules for reporting a loss.\n\n## If you\u2019re non-resident\n\nYou need to tell HMRC when you sell property or land even if your gain is below the tax-free allowance or you make a loss. Non-residents do not pay tax on other capital gains.\n\n## Report and pay Capital Gains Tax\n\nHow and when you report Capital Gains Tax over your annual allowance depends on what you made the gain on.\n\nThere are different ways to report and pay Capital Gains Tax due on:\n\n- UK residential property sold since 6 April 2020\n\n- any other gains\n\nTo report any capital gains you\u2019ll need:\n\n- calculations for each capital gain or loss you report\n\n- details of how much you bought and sold the asset for\n\n- the dates when you took ownership and disposed of the asset\n\n- any other relevant details, such as the costs of disposing of the asset and any tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to\n\n## If you sold property in the UK on or after 6 April 2020\n\nYou must report and pay any tax due on UK residential property using a Capital Gains Tax on UK property account within 30 days of selling it.\n\nYou may have to pay interest and a penalty if you do not report gains on UK property within 30 days of selling it.\n\nSign in or create a Capital Gains Tax on UK property account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password to set your account up or sign in. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one the first time you sign in.\n\nOnce you have an account you can sign in at any time to report Capital Gains Tax on UK property or see any returns you\u2019ve already sent.\n\n## If you\u2019re not resident in the UK\n\nYou must report sales of UK property as a non-resident within 30 days, even if you have no tax to pay.\n\n## If you\u2019re reporting on behalf of someone else or a trust\n\nYou need to use your own Capital Gains Tax on UK property account to report on behalf of someone else.\n\nYou\u2019ll need proof you\u2019re allowed to report on their behalf, such as a lasting power of attorney. If the person has died, you\u2019ll need to give their date of death.\n\nIf you\u2019re reporting as a trustee of a registered trust, you\u2019ll need the trust\u2019s registration number or unique tax reference.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to report your client\u2019s Capital Gains Tax on UK property as an agent.\n\n## If you have other capital gains to report\n\nIf your gain is not from residential property sold in the UK since 6 April 2020, you have a choice of how and when to report the tax.\n\n## Report and pay the tax straightaway\n\nYou can use the \u2018real time\u2019 Capital Gains Tax service immediately if you know what you owe.\n\nYou need to report your gain by 31 December in the tax year after you made the gain. For example, if you made a gain in the 2020 to 2021 tax year, you need to report it by 31 December 2021.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you report and pay.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve reported your gains, HMRC will send you a letter or email giving you a payment reference number and telling you how to pay.\n\nIf you need to change your report using the service, you\u2019ll need your report reference number starting with \u2018RTT\u2019. You\u2019ll get it by email within 10 days.\n\n## Report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the following tax year\n\nYou can report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the tax year after you disposed of assets.\n\nDo not wait until the next tax year to report gains on UK residential property sold since 6 April 2020. You may have to pay interest and a penalty if you do.\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, register for Self Assessment after the tax year you disposed of your chargeable assets.\n\nYou can get help with your tax return from an accountant or tax adviser.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve sent your return HMRC will tell you how much you owe in Capital Gains Tax, how to pay and when to pay by.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax rates\n\nYou pay a different rate of tax on gains from residential property than you do on other assets.\n\nYou do not usually pay tax when you sell your home.\n\n## If you pay higher rate Income Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re a higher or additional rate taxpayer you\u2019ll pay:\n\n- 28% on your gains from residential property\n\n- 20% on your gains from other chargeable assets\n\n## If you pay basic rate Income Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer, the rate you pay depends on the size of your gain, your taxable income and whether your gain is from residential property or other assets.\n\n- Work out how much taxable income you have - this is your income minus your Personal Allowance and any other Income Tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to.\n\n- Work out your total taxable gains.\n\n- Deduct your tax-free allowance from your total taxable gains.\n\n- Add this amount to your taxable income.\n\n- If this amount is within the basic Income Tax band you\u2019ll pay 10% on your gains (or 18% on residential property). You\u2019ll pay 20% (or 28% on residential property) on any amount above the basic tax rate.\n\n## If you have gains from both residential property and other assets\n\nYou can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).\n\n## If you\u2019re a trustee or business\n\nTrustees or personal representatives of someone who\u2019s died pay:\n\n- 28% on residential property\n\n- 20% on other chargeable assets\n\nYou\u2019ll pay 10% if you\u2019re a sole trader or partnership and your gains qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\n## If you make a loss\n\nYou can report losses on a chargeable asset to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to reduce your total taxable gains.\n\nLosses used in this way are called \u2018allowable losses\u2019.\n\n## Using losses to reduce your gain\n\nWhen you report a loss, the amount is deducted from the gains you made in the same tax year.\n\nIf your total taxable gain is still above the tax-free allowance, you can deduct unused losses from previous tax years. If they reduce your gain to the tax-free allowance, you can carry forward the remaining losses to a future tax year.\n\n## Reporting losses\n\nClaim for your loss by including it on your tax return. If you\u2019ve never made a gain and are not registered for Self Assessment, you can write to HMRC instead.\n\nYou do not have to report losses straight away - you can claim up to 4 years after the end of the tax year that you disposed of the asset.\n\nThere\u2019s an exception for losses made before 5 April 1996, which you can still claim for. You must deduct these after any more recent losses.\n\n## Losses when disposing of assets to family and others\n\n## Your husband, wife or civil partner\n\nYou usually do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your spouse or civil partner. You cannot claim losses against these assets.\n\n## Other family members and \u2018connected people\u2019\n\nYou cannot deduct a loss from giving, selling or disposing of an asset to a family member unless you\u2019re offsetting a gain from the same person.\n\nThis also applies to \u2018connected people\u2019 like business partners.\n\n## Connected people\n\nHMRC defines connected people as including:\n\n- your brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, children and grandchildren, and their husbands, wives or civil partners\n\n- the brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, children and grandchildren of your husband, wife or civil partner - and their husbands, wives or civil partners\n\n- business partners\n\n- a company you control\n\n- trustees where you\u2019re the \u2018settlor\u2019 (or someone connected to you is)\n\n## Claiming for an asset that\u2019s lost its value\n\nYou can claim losses on assets that you still own if they become worthless or of \u2018negligible value\u2019.\n\nHMRC has guidance on how to make a negligible value claim.\n\n## Special rules\n\nHMRC has guidance on the special rules for losses:\n\n- when someone dies\n\n- if you\u2019re non-resident and sell UK property or land\n\n- if you\u2019ve temporarily lived abroad as a \u2018non-resident\u2019\n\n- from your income on shares that are unquoted or in the Enterprise Investment Scheme\n\n- on overseas assets if you\u2019re \u2018non-domiciled\u2019 in the UK and have claimed the \u2018remittance basis\u2019\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou need to collect records to work out your gains and fill in your tax return. You must keep them for at least a year after the Self Assessment deadline.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep records for longer if you sent your tax return late or HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) have started a check into your return.\n\nBusinesses must keep records for 5 years after the deadline.\n\n## Records you\u2019ll need\n\nKeep receipts, bills and invoices that show the date and the amount:\n\n- you paid for an asset\n\n- of any additional costs like fees for professional advice, Stamp Duty, improvement costs, or to establish the market value\n\n- you received for the asset - including things like payments you get later in instalments, or compensation if the asset was damaged\n\nAlso keep any contracts for buying and selling the asset (for example from solicitors or stockbrokers) and copies of any valuations.\n\n## If you do not have records\n\nYou must try to recreate your records if you cannot replace them after they\u2019ve been lost, stolen or destroyed.\n\nIf you fill in your tax return using recreated records, you\u2019ll need to show where figures are:\n\n- estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final\n\n- provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with the actual figures\n\n## Market value\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your asset and what you sold it for.\n\nThere are some situations where you use the market value instead.\n\n| Situation | Use market value at |\n\n| Gifts | Date of gift |\n\n| Assets sold for less than they were worth to help the buyer | Date of sale |\n\n| Inherited assets where you do not know the Inheritance Tax value | Date of death |\n\n| Assets owned before April 1982 | 31 March 1982 |\n\n## Checking the market value\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can check your valuation.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve disposed of the asset, complete a \u2018Post-transaction valuation check\u2019 form. Return it to the address on the form - allow at least 3 months for HMRC\u2019s response.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to gift a watch to a charity. The watch is cost \u00a325,000 when I bought it in 1973. It is now worth \u00a350,000. I am considering the capital gains tax implications.", + "original_question": "Do I have to pay capital gains tax on this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-886", + "question": "Scenario: I am self employed. This year my revenue reached \u00a383,000. I am expecting this to grow next year and exceed \u00a385,000.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to register for VAT?\n\nDocument - Tell HMRC about a change to your personal details:\n## Change of name or address\n\nHow you contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to update your name or address depends on your situation.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to change your business records if you run a business.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou need to wait until you\u2019ve moved or changed your name before telling HMRC.\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your address\n\nTell HMRC you\u2019ve changed your address. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.\n\nThere are different ways to tell HMRC if you:\n\n- only pay tax through Self Assessment\n\n- are a tax agent, for example an accountant\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your name\n\nTell HMRC your name has changed. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID you can create one when you update your name.\n\nThere are different ways to tell HMRC if you:\n\n- only pay tax through Self Assessment\n\n- are a tax agent, for example an accountant\n\nYour name will be updated automatically if you change gender.\n\n## What happens next\n\nHMRC will update your personal records for:\n\n- Income Tax and National Insurance\n\n- tax credits and benefits, including Child Benefit\n\n- services, including the Pension Service\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email to either:\n\n- confirm your change of details\n\n- ask for more information, for example legal documents for your name change\n\n## Income changes\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about changes to your taxable income.\n\nTo do this you can either:\n\n- check your Income Tax and go to \u2018Tell us about a change\u2019\n\n- call HMRC\n\nIf you do not, you could pay too much tax or get a tax bill at the end of the year.\n\n## What you must tell HMRC\n\nYour employer or pension provider tells HMRC when:\n\n- you start or finish your job\n\n- there\u2019s a change in the money you earn from your job or get from your pension\n\nBut you must tell HMRC about any other changes, for example when you start or stop getting:\n\n- income from a new source, such as money from self-employment or rent from property\n\n- taxable benefits, such as State Pension, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance and Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- benefits from your job, such as a company car\n\n- income above your Personal Allowance\n\n- money over \u00a385,000 from self-employment (you must register for VAT over this amount)\n\n- lump sums from selling things you pay Capital Gains Tax on, such as shares or property that\u2019s not your main home\n\n- income from property, money or shares you inherit, such as dividends from shares or rent from property\n\n## If you get tax credits\n\nTell HMRC separately about changes that affect your tax credits.\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner dies\n\nTell HMRC about changes to your income after the death of your husband, wife or civil partner.\n\n## If you make Self Assessment \u2018payments on account\u2019\n\nTell HMRC if you expect a big decrease in income and you pay your Self Assessment tax bill in advance (\u2018payments on account\u2019). HMRC may decide to reduce your payments.\n\n## After you tell HMRC\n\nHMRC may:\n\n- change your tax code and send you a PAYE Coding notice\n\n- tell you to send a Self Assessment tax return so they can bill you for tax you owe\n\n- send you a refund if you paid too much tax\n\n## Relationship or family changes\n\nTell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if:\n\n- you get married or form a civil partnership\n\n- you divorce, separate or stop living with your husband, wife or partner\n\nYou can tell HMRC online if you\u2019re paid a salary or pension through PAYE. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well, your details will be updated for both.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- a Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have a Government Gateway user ID, you can create one when you tell HMRC online\n\n- a National Insurance number (a temporary reference number will not work).\n\nTell HMRC straight away \u2013 if you do not, you could pay too much tax, or get a tax bill at the end of the year.\n\n## If you get tax credits or Child Benefit\n\nTell HMRC separately about changes to your relationship or family if you get:\n\n- tax credits\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner dies\n\nContact HMRC to report:\n\n- the death of your husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- changes to your income after their death\n\n## Gender change\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually told automatically when you change gender legally by applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate.\n\nTell your employer at the same time - they must update your payroll records and National Insurance contributions.\n\nHMRC will:\n\n- update its records with your gender and any name change\n\n- tell the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)\n\n- restrict your records so only specialist staff at HMRC and DWP can access them\n\n- hand your tax affairs to HMRC\u2019s Public Department 1\n\nOnce you get a letter confirming your records have moved, you can contact Public Department 1 with questions about your tax or National Insurance.\n\n## Tell HMRC yourself\n\nYou can write to Special Section D to tell HMRC:\n\n- about your legal gender change\n\n- about your name change only if you did not change gender legally\n\n- if you do not want them to restrict your records\n\nInclude your National Insurance number, and your original Gender Recognition Certificate if you\u2019ve changed gender legally.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-hmrc-change-of-details", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am self employed. This year my revenue reached \u00a383,000. I am expecting this to grow next year and exceed \u00a385,000.", + "original_question": "Do I need to register for VAT?" + }, + { + "id": "train-891", + "question": "Scenario: Good morning. I am looking to start work at the Citizens Advice Bureaux. I am trying to understand a little about the repossession process.\n\nQuestion: Are there different types of court orders in repossession cases?\n\nDocument - Repossession:\n## Get advice\n\nYou may be able to postpone or stop your home being repossessed.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind a solicitor.\n\nYou can also get free advice from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- National Debtline\n\n- Shelter\n\n- your local council\n\nThe law for repossession in Scotland is different.\n\n## Before it goes to court\n\n## What your mortgage lender must do\n\nBefore a mortgage lender can repossess your home, they must:\n\n- tell you how much you owe\n\n- consider a request from you to change the way you pay your mortgage\n\n- respond to any offer of payment you make\n\n- give you reasons for turning down your offer of payment within 10 days\n\n- give you a reasonable amount of time to consider any proposal they make\n\n- give you 15 days\u2019 written warning if they plan to start court action\n\n- tell you the date and time of a repossession hearing\n\n- let your council know within 5 days of getting notification of the date of the court hearing, in case you need to apply to the council as homeless\n\n## Finding a solution\n\nEven if your mortgage lender starts a court action, you may still be able to reach an agreement with them.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to attend court to tell the judge about the agreement, unless the court tells you the hearing\u2019s been cancelled or postponed.\n\n## Defence form\n\nIf your lender starts a repossession action against you, the court will send you a blank defence form and guidance on how to fill it in.\n\nYou can use the form to explain why you think the lender should not repossess your home. You need to return it within 14 days.\n\nThe court will also send you:\n\n- copies of the claim forms for possessing your home, filled in by your lender\n\n- a court hearing date\n\n- the court\u2019s contact details\n\n## Help with legal costs\n\n## Legal aid\n\nIf you\u2019re on a low income you may be able to get legal aid.\n\n## Free legal advice on the day\n\nIf you have not got help before, you can get last-minute legal help under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme.\n\nThe scheme runs in county courts in England and Wales. It provides you with a specialist adviser on the day of your hearing who can:\n\n- represent you\n\n- help you come to an arrangement with your mortgage lender to pay off your debts\n\nTo find out about the scheme in your area, contact your local council or the court where your case is being heard.\n\n## The hearing\n\nRepossession hearings normally take place in a judge\u2019s chambers, not in a court room (although it\u2019s treated as a court).\n\nYou can bring an adviser or friend to the hearing, although they must be an adult.\n\nIf you do not attend the court hearing, it\u2019s likely the judge will give your mortgage lender the right to evict you.\n\nYou must keep to any agreement you make in court to pay off arrears. If you do not, you may still risk losing your home.\n\n## What to bring with you\n\nYou\u2019ll likely be asked for proof of your finances. This can include:\n\n- payslips\n\n- bank statements\n\n- job offers\n\n- letters about benefits\n\n- estate agent letter, for example if you\u2019re trying to sell your home to pay off the mortgage\n\n## Repossession orders\n\nThe lender can only repossess your home if the court grants permission.\n\nThe judge could decide to:\n\n- adjourn (delay) the hearing\n\n- set aside the case, which means no order will be made and the hearing is finished\n\n- make a repossession order\n\n## Outright possession order\n\nThis gives the lender a legal right to own your home on the date given in the order and is sometimes called an \u2018order for possession\u2019. This is usually 28 days after your court hearing.\n\nIf you do not leave your home by the date given in the order, your lender can ask the court to evict you.\n\n## Suspended possession order\n\nThis means that if you make regular payments as set out in the order, you can stay in your home.\n\nIf you do not make the payments, your lender can ask the court to evict you.\n\n## Money order\n\nThis means that you have to pay the lender the amount set out in the order.\n\nIf you do not make these payments:\n\n- money could be deducted from your wages or bank account\n\n- bailiffs may take away things you own\n\nYour lender cannot use a money order to evict you from your home. If you do not make payments set out in a money order on time, your lender could go to court again. As a result, the judge could decide to give them a possession order.\n\n## Possession order with money judgment\n\nA money judgment is usually added to a possession order. It means you owe a specific amount of money usually made up of:\n\n- your mortgage arrears\n\n- court fees\n\n- your lender\u2019s legal costs\n\nA money judgment will not apply if:\n\n- you pay your mortgage arrears and any amount set out in a suspended order\n\n- your lender sells your home and the sale price is more than the amount set out in the money judgment\n\nIf you do not pay the amount set out in the money judgment, the lender may ask the court to carry out the instructions in the possession order and the judgment.\n\n## Time order\n\nThis means that the judge changes the amount you pay on your mortgage for a set time by:\n\n- changing the regular amount you pay\n\n- changing the interest rate on your mortgage\n\n- delaying the next time you have to make a payment\n\nIf you do not make the payments, your lender can ask the court to evict you.\n\nA time order is usually only made on some types of loan like a second mortgage.\n\n## Delaying eviction\n\nYou can ask a judge to \u2018suspend the warrant for possession\u2019. This means delaying the eviction or allowing you to stay in your home if you are able to make payments again.\n\nA new hearing will be held but the judge will not automatically agree to suspend the possession warrant \u2013 it depends what happens in court.\n\nIf you want to get a warrant suspended, get advice immediately.\n\n## Applying for a suspension\n\nIf you want to apply for a suspension, you should fill out the application notice and either send it or deliver it to the court.\n\nYou must tell the court that you need a hearing at short notice (before your eviction date). You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee.\n\nYou may not have to pay the fee (otherwise known as \u2018fee remission\u2019) if you\u2019re on benefits or low pay.\n\n## Appealing a judge's decision\n\nIf you think the judge made mistakes about the law or the facts of your case in the original hearing, you may be able to appeal.\n\nGet legal advice if you want to appeal.\n\nNormally the appeal will be heard by a more senior judge.\n\n## Permission to appeal\n\nYou can ask the judge at the end of your original possession hearing if you can appeal.\n\nIf the judge refuses to give permission to appeal, you can ask a more senior judge.\n\nIf you get permission, make an application as soon as possible after your original possession hearing. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee.\n\nYou may not have to pay the fee if you\u2019re on benefits or low pay.\n\n## What could happen\n\nAt the appeal, the judge can make a number of decisions including:\n\n- keeping the original decision\n\n- dismissing the previous decision or changing it\n\n- ordering a new hearing\n\nThe judge can also decide who pays the legal costs of the appeal.\n\n## If your home is repossessed\n\n## Help from your council\n\nYour local council must give you advice to help you find a new home.\n\nDepending on your circumstances, they may also be able to provide you with emergency accommodation or a more permanent home.\n\n## Buying another property\n\nYou must tell any new mortgage lender that your previous home was repossessed. This could make getting a new mortgage hard.\n\nYour previous lender may be able to claim some of the proceeds of your new home if you still owe them money when you sell it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repossession", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Good morning. I am looking to start work at the Citizens Advice Bureaux. I am trying to understand a little about the repossession process.", + "original_question": "Are there different types of court orders in repossession cases?" + }, + { + "id": "train-892", + "question": "Scenario: I am self employed. I earned \u00a3900 in the last year in terms of revenue for my business. I have been told I might have to do a self assessment.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to submit a self assessment for this tax year?\n\nDocument - Self Assessment tax returns:\n## Overview\n\nSelf Assessment is a system HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) uses to collect Income Tax.\n\nTax is usually deducted automatically from wages, pensions and savings. People and businesses with other income must report it in a tax return.\n\nIf you need to send one, you fill it in after the end of the tax year (5 April) it applies to.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Sending your return\n\nFile your tax return online or send a paper form.\n\nIf your business has been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), you may be able to claim a grant through the\u00a0Self-Employment Income Support Scheme.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nSend your tax return by the deadline.\n\nIf you did not send an online return last year, allow extra time (up to 20 working days) as you\u2019ll need to register first. There are different ways to register if you\u2019re:\n\n- self-employed or a sole trader\n\n- not self-employed\n\n- registering a partner or partnership\n\n## Filling in your return\n\nYou need to keep records (for example bank statements or receipts) so you can fill in your tax return correctly.\n\nYou can get help filling in your return.\n\n## Paying your bill\n\nHMRC will calculate what you owe based on what you report.\n\nPay your Self Assessment bill by 31 January.\n\nHow much tax you pay will depend on the Income Tax band you\u2019re in. There\u2019s a different rate for Capital Gains Tax if you need to pay it, for example you sell shares or a second home.\n\n## Who must send a tax return\n\nYou must send a tax return if, in the last tax year (6 April to 5 April), you were:\n\n- self-employed as a \u2018sole trader\u2019 and earned more than \u00a31,000 (before taking off anything you can claim tax relief on)\n\n- a partner in a business partnership\n\nYou will not usually need to send a return if your only income is from your wages or pension. But you may need to send one if you have any other untaxed income, such as:\n\n- money from renting out a property\n\n- tips and commission\n\n- income from savings, investments and dividends\n\n- foreign income\n\nCheck if you need to send a tax return if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## Other reasons for sending a return\n\nYou can choose to fill in a tax return to:\n\n- claim some Income Tax reliefs\n\n- prove you\u2019re self-employed, for example to claim Tax-Free Childcare or Maternity Allowance\n\n## If you get Child Benefit\n\nIf your income (or your partner\u2019s, if you have one) was over \u00a350,000, you may need to send a return and pay the High Income Child Benefit Charge.\n\n## Registering and sending a return\n\nYou need to register if you did not send a tax return last year. There are different ways to register if you\u2019re:\n\n- self-employed or a sole trader\n\n- not self-employed\n\n- registering a partner or partnership\n\nIf you\u2019re new to Self Assessment, you\u2019ll need to keep records (for example bank statements or receipts) so you can fill in your tax return correctly.\n\n## Sending your return\n\nOnce you\u2019ve registered, you can send your tax return online, or use commercial software or paper forms. You then have to pay your bill by the deadline.\n\nYou can get help filling in your return.\n\n## Using commercial software or paper forms\n\nYou can send a return using commercial software or paper forms.\n\nYou must use one of these options to send returns:\n\n- for a partnership\n\n- for a trust and estate\n\n- if you get income from a trust\n\n- if you lived abroad as a non-resident\n\n- if you\u2019re a Lloyd\u2019s underwriter\n\n- if you\u2019re a religious minister\n\n- to report profits made on selling or disposing of more than one asset (\u2018chargeable gains\u2019)\n\nYou must use a paper form if you need to send a tax return for trustees of registered pension schemes (SA970).\n\nThe deadline for paper forms is 31 October (or 31 January if you\u2019re a trustee of a registered pension scheme or a non-resident company).\n\n## Deadlines\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) must receive your tax return and any money you owe by the deadline.\n\nThe last tax year started on 6 April 2020 and ended on 5 April 2021.\n\n| Self Assessment | Deadline |\n\n| Register for Self Assessment if you\u2019re self-employed or a sole trader, not self-employed, or registering a partner or partnership | 5 October 2021 |\n\n| Paper tax returns | Midnight 31 October 2021 |\n\n| Online tax returns | Midnight 31 January 2022 |\n\n| Pay the tax you owe | Midnight 31 January 2022 |\n\nThere\u2019s usually a second payment deadline of 31 July if you make advance payments towards your bill (known as \u2018payments on account\u2019).\n\nYou\u2019ll usually pay a penalty if you\u2019re late. You can appeal against a penalty if you have a reasonable excuse.\n\n## When the deadline is different\n\nSubmit your online return by 30 December if you want HMRC to automatically collect tax you owe from your wages and pension. You must be eligible.\n\nHMRC must receive a paper tax return by 31 January if you\u2019re a trustee of a registered pension scheme or a non-resident company. You cannot send a return online.\n\nHMRC might also email or write to you giving you a different deadline.\n\n## Partnership returns if you have a company as a partner\n\nIf your partnership\u2019s accounting date is between 1 February and 5 April and one of your partners is a limited company, the deadline for:\n\n- online returns is 12 months from the accounting date\n\n- paper returns is 9 months from the accounting date\n\n## 2019 to 2020 tax year and earlier\n\nThe Self Assessment deadline for these tax years has passed. Send your tax return or payment as soon as possible - you\u2019ll have to pay a penalty.\n\n## Penalties\n\nYou\u2019ll get a penalty if you need to send a tax return and you miss the deadline for submitting it or paying your bill.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay a late filing penalty of \u00a3100 if your tax return is up to 3 months late. You\u2019ll have to pay more if it\u2019s later, or if you pay your tax bill late.\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest on late payments.\n\nEstimate your penalty for Self Assessment tax returns more than 3 months late, and late payments.\n\nYou can appeal against a penalty if you have a reasonable excuse.\n\nAll partners can be charged a penalty if a partnership tax return is late.\n\n## If you need to change your return\n\nYou can make a change to your tax return after you\u2019ve filed it, for example because you made a mistake. You\u2019ll need to make your changes by:\n\n- 31 January 2022 for the 2019 to 2020 tax year\n\n- 31 January 2023 for the 2020 to 2021 tax year\n\nIf you miss the deadline or if you need to make a change to your return for any other tax year you\u2019ll need to write to HMRC.\n\nYour bill will be updated based on what you report. You may have to pay more tax or be able to claim a refund.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you need to report foreign income.\n\n## Updating your tax return\n\nHow you update your tax return depends on how you filed it.\n\n## Online tax returns\n\n- Sign in using your Government Gateway user ID and password.\n\n- From \u2018Your tax account\u2019, choose \u2019Self Assessment account\u2019 (if you do not see this, skip this step).\n\n- Choose \u2018More Self Assessment details\u2019.\n\n- Choose \u2018At a glance\u2019 from the left-hand menu.\n\n- Choose \u2018Tax return options\u2019.\n\n- Choose the tax year for the return you want to amend.\n\n- Go into the tax return, make the corrections and file it again.\n\n## Paper tax returns\n\nDownload a new tax return, and send HMRC the corrected pages. Write \u2018amendment\u2019 on each page, and include your name and Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - this is on previous tax returns or letters from HMRC.\n\nCheck your Self Assessment paperwork for the address. If you cannot find this, send your corrections to the address for general Self Assessment enquiries.\n\n## If you used commercial software\n\nContact the software provider for help correcting your tax return. Contact HMRC if your software is not able to make corrections.\n\n## Write to HMRC\n\nWrite to HMRC if you need to make a change to your tax return from the 2018 to 2019 tax year or earlier.\n\nInclude in your letter:\n\n- the tax year you\u2019re correcting\n\n- why you think you\u2019ve paid too much or little tax\n\n- how much you think you\u2019ve over or underpaid\n\nYou can claim a refund up to 4 years after the end of the tax year it relates to. If you\u2019re making a claim, also include in your letter:\n\n- that you\u2019re making a claim for \u2018overpayment relief\u2019\n\n- proof that you\u2019d paid tax through Self Assessment for the relevant period\n\n- how you want to be repaid\n\n- that you have not previously tried to claim back this refund\n\n- a signed declaration saying that the details you\u2019ve given are correct and complete to the best of your knowledge\n\n## Changes to your bill\n\nYou\u2019ll see your amended bill straight away if you updated your tax return online. Within 3 days, your statement will also show:\n\n- the difference from the old one, so you can see whether you owe more or less tax\n\n- any interest\n\nTo view this, sign in using your Government Gateway user ID and password and choose \u2018View statements\u2019 from the left-hand menu.\n\n## If you\u2019re owed tax\n\nTo claim a refund, go to \u2018Request a repayment\u2019 from the left-hand menu within your HMRC online account. Allow 4 weeks for your refund to be sent to your bank account.\n\nYou may not get a refund if you have tax due in the next 35 days (for example for a payment on account). Instead, the money will be deducted from the tax you owe.\n\n## If you need to pay more tax\n\nYour updated bill will also show:\n\n- the deadline for paying\n\n- the effect on any payments on account you need to make\n\n## If you sent an updated paper return\n\nHMRC will send you an updated bill within 4 weeks. They\u2019ll also pay any refund directly into your bank account, as long as you included your bank details on tax return.\n\n## How to get help\n\nIf you need help with Self Assessment, you can:\n\n- appoint someone to fill in and send your tax return, for example an accountant, friend or relative - you can find an accountant accredited in the UK\n\n- watch videos and join webinars\n\n- contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) for general Self Assessment enquiries\n\n- get help with your online account\n\n## Help filling in your return\n\nThere\u2019s introductory guidance on GOV.UK to:\n\n- Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019ve sold certain things like property or shares\n\n- expenses if you\u2019re an employee or self-employed\n\n- Child Benefit if your income\u2019s over \u00a350,000\n\n- tax on income from renting property\n\n- tax on savings interest\n\n- tax returns for business partnerships\n\n- tax on income from abroad - or on your UK income if you live abroad\n\n## Guidance notes and helpsheets\n\nYou can also read guidance in:\n\n- the notes for each section of the tax return, for example \u2018UK property notes\u2019 if you\u2019re completing that section\n\n- HMRC\u2019s Self Assessment helpsheets\n\n## Returns for someone who has died\n\nYou must report a death to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as soon as possible if you\u2019re dealing with the tax affairs of someone who\u2019s died.\n\nHMRC will tell you if you need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return on the deceased\u2019s behalf. If you do, they\u2019ll send you a return form and a letter with instructions.\n\n## Contacting HMRC\n\nIf you use the Tell Us Once service you do not need to contact HMRC separately.\n\nIf you do not use the Tell Us Once service contact HMRC.\n\nTell HMRC the:\n\n- date of death\n\n- name and address of who to contact\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to tell them one of the following for the deceased:\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - you can find this on letters or payslips from HMRC\n\n- full address\n\n- last employer or pension provider\u2019s name and address\n\n## Filling in the Self Assessment tax return\n\nThe records you\u2019ll need for the deceased\u2019s tax return will depend on their circumstances. You\u2019ll usually need details of the deceased\u2019s bank and savings accounts, for example:\n\n- bank statements\n\n- building society pass books\n\n- dividend vouchers\n\n- National Savings bonds or certificates\n\nIf the deceased was employed or receiving a pension you\u2019ll usually need:\n\n- work or pension payslips\n\n- details of any expenses paid by the employer\n\n- confirmation of any state pension\n\nYou\u2019ll need their business records if the deceased ran their own business or rented out property.\n\nContact HMRC\u2019s Bereavement helpline if you need help completing a return for someone who has died or if you cannot find their records.\n\n## Sending the return\n\nSend the completed Self Assessment form by post.\n\nThe return must reach HMRC by the date given in the letter you received with the form.\n\nYou can hire a professional (such as an accountant) to help you submit a tax return on behalf of the deceased.\n\n## Telling HMRC about the \u2018administration period\u2019\n\nIf you\u2019re the executor or administrator of an estate you may also need to send information to HMRC for the \u2018administration period\u2019. This is the time between the day after the death and the date the estate is settled (\u2018distributed\u2019).\n\nWhat you need to send depends on the size of the estate, and the money that came from it during the administration period.\n\n## When you must send a tax return for the \u2018administration period\u2019\n\nFill in a trust and estate tax return if any of the following apply:\n\n- the total Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax due for the administration period was more than \u00a310,000\n\n- the estate was worth more than \u00a32.5 million at the date of death\n\n- the date of death was before 6 April 2016 and more than \u00a3250,000 a year came from the sale of the estate\u2019s assets by administrators or executors\n\n- the date of death was on or after 6 April 2016 and more than \u00a3500,000 a year came from the sale of the estate\u2019s assets by administrators or executors\n\nThe trust and estate tax return is only for the estate - it\u2019s separate from the return you sent on behalf of the deceased.\n\n## Sending the tax return\n\nTo send an estate tax return, you must first register the estate online.\n\nYou must register by 5 October after the tax year you\u2019re sending a return for. For example, if you\u2019re sending a return for the 2020 to 2021 tax year (6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021) then you must register by 5 October 2021.\n\nTo register the estate you\u2019ll need:\n\n- a Government Gateway user ID - the account needs to be registered as an organisation (you cannot use an account registered to an individual)\n\n- a National Insurance number (a temporary reference number will not work)\n\nYou\u2019ll need a new Government Gateway user ID for each estate you register\n\nYou must register the estate online. Then you\u2019ll get a Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) in the post within 15 working days (21 if you\u2019re abroad). You\u2019ll need it to send a tax return.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve received your UTR, you can either:\n\n- fill in paper form SA900 and post it to HMRC by 31 October after the tax year it applies to\n\n- buy software to send it electronically by 31 January after the tax year it applies to\n\nAfter you\u2019ve sent your return, HMRC will tell you how much the estate owes. You\u2019ll need to pay the Self Assessment bill by the deadline.\n\n## If you do not need to send a tax return\n\nYou can make \u2018informal arrangements\u2019 instead. To do this, write to HMRC and tell them:\n\n- the Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax due for the administration period\n\n- the name, address, National Insurance number, and UTR of the deceased\n\n- your name and contact details\n\nSend this information to HMRC\u2019s address for PAYE and Self Assessment. You must not send tax payments with this information.\n\nYou\u2019ll be provided with a payment slip and reference number. You must use these to pay any tax that needs to be paid.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-assessment-tax-returns", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am self employed. I earned \u00a3900 in the last year in terms of revenue for my business. I have been told I might have to do a self assessment.", + "original_question": "Do I need to submit a self assessment for this tax year?" + }, + { + "id": "train-894", + "question": "Scenario: I am 34 and owned a business which collapsed during the pandemic. I have been left with about twenty thousand pounds worth of debt, of which five thousand is an outstanding student loan. Much of the rest is credit cards and an overdraft.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to write off all of my debts if I declare bankruptcy or only some?\n\nDocument - Applying to become bankrupt:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to make yourself bankrupt if you cannot pay your debts.\n\nCheck if there are other ways you can deal with your debts before you apply for bankruptcy.\n\nYour application will be looked at by someone who works for the Insolvency Service called an \u2018adjudicator\u2019. They\u2019ll decide if you should be made bankrupt.\n\nThe process is different if someone else is applying to make you bankrupt.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can only apply for bankruptcy online. It costs \u00a3680.\n\n## What happens when you go bankrupt\n\nIf the adjudicator makes you bankrupt:\n\n- you\u2019ll receive a copy of the bankruptcy order and may be interviewed about your situation\n\n- your assets can be used to pay your debts\n\n- you\u2019ll have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions\n\n- your name and details will be published in the Individual Insolvency Register\n\nYou can apply to have your address removed from the Individual Insolvency Register if publishing it will put you at risk of violence. This will not affect your bankruptcy.\n\nAfter 12 months you\u2019re usually released (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your bankruptcy restrictions and debts. Assets that were part of your estate during the bankruptcy period can still be used to pay your debts.\n\nYou might be able to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy before you\u2019re discharged.\n\nBankruptcy only applies to individuals. Find out what your options are if your limited company cannot pay its creditors.\n\n## Get help and information\n\nRead the following:\n\n- the Citizens Advice bankruptcy advice guide\n\n- the Money Advice Service\u2019s guide on options for writing off your debt\n\nYou can also contact the National Debtline for bankruptcy advice.\n\nYou can get free advice from a debt adviser to help you decide how to deal with your debts.\n\n## If you do not live in England or Wales\n\nThe process to become bankrupt is different if you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland. You cannot apply to become bankrupt in England or Wales.\n\nYou might be able to apply if you live anywhere else - talk to a debt adviser.\n\nYou must not break the bankruptcy restrictions in England or Wales. These might also apply outside England and Wales - check the laws of the country you live in.\n\n## Get a person at risk of violence (PARV) order\n\nWhen you\u2019re made bankrupt, your name and address will be published in:\n\n- the Individual Insolvency Register\n\n- the London Gazette\n\nIf having your address published will put you at risk of violence, you can apply to the court for a person at risk of violence (PARV) order.\n\nYour name will still be published, but your address will not be.\n\nYou can only apply for a PARV if you\u2019ve already started a bankruptcy application.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application form.\n\nTake your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy. They\u2019ll tell you if you need to pay a fee to apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to go to a hearing to present your application to a judge - the court will tell you when and where this will take place. You\u2019ll usually get a decision on the same day.\n\nSubmit your bankruptcy application once you have your PARV order.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get an email or letter from the adjudicator within 28 days of submitting your application to say if you\u2019ve been made bankrupt.\n\nThis can take longer if the adjudicator needs to ask more questions about your application.\n\nThey\u2019ll then issue a bankruptcy order.\n\n## After you get your bankruptcy order\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the official receiver within 2 weeks of getting your bankruptcy order. The official receiver is an officer of the court who manages your bankruptcy.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get an information pack that explains what you need to know and what you must do.\n\nYou might be asked to:\n\n- fill in a questionnaire\n\n- attend an interview with the official receiver\n\n- give the official receiver more information about your debts, creditors, assets and income\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to attend an interview\n\nThe interview can be in person or over the phone. The official receiver will:\n\n- check the information they have about your debts and assets\n\n- ask for more details, for example about your pension or savings\n\n- ask how and why you became bankrupt\n\n- answer any questions you have about the bankruptcy process\n\nYour release (\u2018discharge\u2019) from bankruptcy may be delayed if you do not provide the information you\u2019re asked for.\n\n## Restrictions\n\nYou have to follow bankruptcy restrictions when you\u2019re bankrupt. This means you cannot:\n\n- borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender you\u2019re bankrupt\n\n- act as a director of a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- manage a business with a different name without telling people you do business with that you\u2019re bankrupt\n\n- work as an insolvency practitioner (an authorised debt specialist)\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence to break the restrictions - you might be prosecuted if you do.\n\nYou must co-operate with the people managing your bankruptcy, for example by providing them with the information they ask for.\n\n## How long the restrictions last\n\nRestrictions last until your bankruptcy ends. This will happen sooner if you cancel your bankruptcy.\n\n## When the restrictions can be extended\n\nBankruptcy restrictions can be extended if you do not carry out your duties under the bankruptcy proceedings or if you\u2019re found to have acted carelessly or dishonestly.\n\nThe official receiver will tell you if the restrictions will be extended.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to agree to a Bankruptcy Restrictions Undertaking to extend the restrictions. If you do not agree, they\u2019ll ask the court to issue a Bankruptcy Restrictions Order.\n\n## Your assets\n\nYour assets might be sold to pay your bankruptcy debts. You have to hand over your assets to the person appointed to manage your bankruptcy (your \u2018trustee\u2019). They can be:\n\n- an official receiver - an officer of the court\n\n- an insolvency practitioner - an authorised debt specialist\n\nThe official receiver will usually act as your trustee to begin with.\n\n## Assets you can keep\n\nYou can usually keep:\n\n- items needed for your job, such as tools or a vehicle\n\n- household items, such as clothing, bedding or furniture\n\nYou might have to give these items up if they\u2019re worth more than a reasonable replacement.\n\n## Your bank accounts\n\nYou must give the official receiver your bank cards, cheque books and credit cards for any accounts you\u2019re no longer allowed to use. This includes any account that was overdrawn on the date you were made bankrupt.\n\nYour accounts will be frozen but your trustee may release:\n\n- any money you need urgently, for example to buy food\n\n- your partner\u2019s share of any money in a joint account\n\nYour bank will decide whether to allow you to continue using your accounts.\n\n## Your pension\n\nYou usually keep any money you\u2019ve put into a pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.\n\nSpeak to your trustee or read the guidance to find out how bankruptcy will affect your pension.\n\nYou can get free advice on managing your money and how bankruptcy affects your credit rating from Citizens Advice or National Debtline.\n\n## Your home\n\nYour home might be sold depending on your equity - your share after any secured debts (like a mortgage) have been paid.\n\nYou might have to give up:\n\n- your equity\n\n- legal ownership of the property if your equity is \u00a31,000 or more\n\nIf your trustee has not put your home up for sale within 3 years it will be transferred back to you.\n\n## Sole owners\n\nThe equity and legal ownership are transferred to your trustee. This means you cannot sell the property or claim any money from a sale.\n\nA bankruptcy restriction or notice is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register to say this.\n\nIt can only be removed if it\u2019s been added to your property by mistake. Send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying you are not bankrupt and an application to change the register for a property.\n\n## Joint owners\n\nThe equity is transferred to your trustee.\n\nA \u2018Form J restriction\u2019 is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register. This means your trustee will be told of any dealings connected with your home, for example if you try to sell it.\n\nIt can be removed if you can prove you (as the bankrupt) do not have a share in the property, for example if your partner owns the property. The owner has to send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying they are not the bankrupt person and an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction.\n\n## Stop the sale of your home\n\nYou might be able to stop or delay the sale of your home if, for example:\n\n- the value of your equity is less than \u00a31,000\n\n- the equity or legal title can be sold to someone else, such as a partner\n\n- you need to organise somewhere for children or a partner to live - the sale can be delayed for up to 1 year\n\nYou may want to get legal advice to find out if you can stop or delay the sale of your home.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Rented property\n\nYour landlord may be told that you\u2019re bankrupt and your rental situation may be affected.\n\n## Your income\n\nYour trustee will tell you if you have to make monthly payments from your spare income - you\u2019ll only have to do this if you can afford it.\n\nThe arrangement can last for up to 3 years and is called an Income Payments Agreement (IPA).\n\nIf you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.\n\nIf you do not agree to the IPA your trustee can ask the court to order you to make monthly payments. This is called an Income Payments Order (IPO).\n\nYour official receiver will set up your IPA or IPO and charge a fee. The fee can be up to \u00a3150 and is taken out of your first payment.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nThe monthly amount you pay depends on how much you can afford after essential expenses like food and bills are paid.\n\n## Cancel a bankruptcy\n\nYou can apply to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy if:\n\n- the bankruptcy order should not have been made\n\n- all your debts and bankruptcy fees have been paid or secured (guaranteed) by a third party\n\n- you\u2018ve made an Individual Voluntary Arrangement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts\n\nIf your circumstances change and you can pay off all your debts, then you must pay it through your official receiver or a solicitor.\n\nThis means you will not have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application form.\n\nSend or take your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy.\n\nYou must tell the court if you want details of your bankruptcy removed from the Land Charges register.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a date for a court hearing of your application, which you must attend.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to attend your interview with the official receiver if you\u2019ve been asked to.\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, they\u2019ll make an annulment order which cancels your bankruptcy.\n\n## Advertise your cancellation order\n\nYou can ask the official receiver to advertise your annulment order within 28 days of getting it. You cannot do this if your bankruptcy order has not been advertised yet.\n\nYour annulment order will be advertised wherever your bankruptcy order was.\n\n## When bankruptcy ends\n\nYour bankruptcy and the restrictions generally end when you\u2019re \u2018discharged\u2019, which is usually automatic.\n\nThis is usually 12 months after the adjudicator made you bankrupt. It can be longer in some circumstances, for example if you do not co-operate with your trustee.\n\nCheck your discharge date online using the Individual Insolvency Register.\n\nIf you cancel your bankruptcy, all restrictions will end immediately and your details will be removed from the Individual Insolvency Register.\n\n## Proof of discharge\n\nEmail the Insolvency Service and ask for a \u2018confirmation letter\u2019 to prove your bankruptcy has ended. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for a mortgage, you\u2019ll need a Certificate of Discharge.\n\nHow you get it depends on how you applied for your bankruptcy.\n\nIf you applied:\n\n- at a court, contact the court and pay the \u00a370 fee (\u00a310 for each copy)\n\n- online, email the Insolvency Service - there\u2019s no fee\n\n## Bankruptcy registers\n\nThe Individual Insolvency Register is updated within 3 months of your discharge.\n\nYou must apply to both Land Charges and HM Land Registry to have your bankruptcy entry removed from any properties you still own after paying your debts.\n\nBankruptcy entries are automatically removed from the Land Charges register after 5 years if they\u2019re not renewed.\n\n## Apply to Land Charges\n\nSend an application to cancel an entry in the Land Register (K11) to the Land Charges Department.\n\nYou need to include:\n\n- a copy of your court order permitting the cancellation (or \u2018vacation\u2019) of the entry\n\n- \u00a31 for each entry you want to cancel\n\n## Apply to HM Land Registry\n\nYou need to send HM Land Registry either:\n\n- an application to change the register for a property, if you\u2019re the sole owner of your property\n\n- an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction, if you own your property with someone else\n\nYou must include a copy of your court order.\n\nAll forms sent will be destroyed once the registers are updated. You can send copies if you write \u201cI certify that this is a true copy of the original\u201d together with your signature on the first page.\n\n## Your credit record\n\nCredit reference agencies will not be told directly when your bankruptcy ends - they\u2019ll get this information from public records.\n\nGet a copy of your credit reference report - contact a credit reference agency if it needs updating.\n\nYour bankruptcy can stay on your credit reference file for 6 years from the date of your bankruptcy.\n\n## Debts that will not be written off\n\nWhen you\u2019re discharged you\u2019ll be released from most, but not all, of the debts you owed at the date of the bankruptcy.\n\nDebts you will not be released from include:\n\n- debts arising from fraud\n\n- anything you owe under family proceedings - unless the court decides otherwise\n\n- damages for personal injuries to anyone - unless the court decides otherwise\n\n- debts which were not included in the bankruptcy itself, for example a debt to the Student Loans Company", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 34 and owned a business which collapsed during the pandemic. I have been left with about twenty thousand pounds worth of debt, of which five thousand is an outstanding student loan. Much of the rest is credit cards and an overdraft.", + "original_question": "Am I able to write off all of my debts if I declare bankruptcy or only some?" + }, + { + "id": "train-895", + "question": "Scenario: I am in the process of being declared bankrupt after having run up debts on credit and store cards which I simply cannot repay. The level of my debt is over thirty thousand pounds. I own quite a lot of good jewellery and an expensive car\n\nQuestion: Will I have to surrender my car and jewellery when my bankruptcy is completed?\n\nDocument - Applying to become bankrupt:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to make yourself bankrupt if you cannot pay your debts.\n\nCheck if there are other ways you can deal with your debts before you apply for bankruptcy.\n\nYour application will be looked at by someone who works for the Insolvency Service called an \u2018adjudicator\u2019. They\u2019ll decide if you should be made bankrupt.\n\nThe process is different if someone else is applying to make you bankrupt.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can only apply for bankruptcy online. It costs \u00a3680.\n\n## What happens when you go bankrupt\n\nIf the adjudicator makes you bankrupt:\n\n- you\u2019ll receive a copy of the bankruptcy order and may be interviewed about your situation\n\n- your assets can be used to pay your debts\n\n- you\u2019ll have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions\n\n- your name and details will be published in the Individual Insolvency Register\n\nYou can apply to have your address removed from the Individual Insolvency Register if publishing it will put you at risk of violence. This will not affect your bankruptcy.\n\nAfter 12 months you\u2019re usually released (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your bankruptcy restrictions and debts. Assets that were part of your estate during the bankruptcy period can still be used to pay your debts.\n\nYou might be able to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy before you\u2019re discharged.\n\nBankruptcy only applies to individuals. Find out what your options are if your limited company cannot pay its creditors.\n\n## Get help and information\n\nRead the following:\n\n- the Citizens Advice bankruptcy advice guide\n\n- the Money Advice Service\u2019s guide on options for writing off your debt\n\nYou can also contact the National Debtline for bankruptcy advice.\n\nYou can get free advice from a debt adviser to help you decide how to deal with your debts.\n\n## If you do not live in England or Wales\n\nThe process to become bankrupt is different if you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland. You cannot apply to become bankrupt in England or Wales.\n\nYou might be able to apply if you live anywhere else - talk to a debt adviser.\n\nYou must not break the bankruptcy restrictions in England or Wales. These might also apply outside England and Wales - check the laws of the country you live in.\n\n## Get a person at risk of violence (PARV) order\n\nWhen you\u2019re made bankrupt, your name and address will be published in:\n\n- the Individual Insolvency Register\n\n- the London Gazette\n\nIf having your address published will put you at risk of violence, you can apply to the court for a person at risk of violence (PARV) order.\n\nYour name will still be published, but your address will not be.\n\nYou can only apply for a PARV if you\u2019ve already started a bankruptcy application.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application form.\n\nTake your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy. They\u2019ll tell you if you need to pay a fee to apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to go to a hearing to present your application to a judge - the court will tell you when and where this will take place. You\u2019ll usually get a decision on the same day.\n\nSubmit your bankruptcy application once you have your PARV order.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get an email or letter from the adjudicator within 28 days of submitting your application to say if you\u2019ve been made bankrupt.\n\nThis can take longer if the adjudicator needs to ask more questions about your application.\n\nThey\u2019ll then issue a bankruptcy order.\n\n## After you get your bankruptcy order\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the official receiver within 2 weeks of getting your bankruptcy order. The official receiver is an officer of the court who manages your bankruptcy.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get an information pack that explains what you need to know and what you must do.\n\nYou might be asked to:\n\n- fill in a questionnaire\n\n- attend an interview with the official receiver\n\n- give the official receiver more information about your debts, creditors, assets and income\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to attend an interview\n\nThe interview can be in person or over the phone. The official receiver will:\n\n- check the information they have about your debts and assets\n\n- ask for more details, for example about your pension or savings\n\n- ask how and why you became bankrupt\n\n- answer any questions you have about the bankruptcy process\n\nYour release (\u2018discharge\u2019) from bankruptcy may be delayed if you do not provide the information you\u2019re asked for.\n\n## Restrictions\n\nYou have to follow bankruptcy restrictions when you\u2019re bankrupt. This means you cannot:\n\n- borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender you\u2019re bankrupt\n\n- act as a director of a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- manage a business with a different name without telling people you do business with that you\u2019re bankrupt\n\n- work as an insolvency practitioner (an authorised debt specialist)\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence to break the restrictions - you might be prosecuted if you do.\n\nYou must co-operate with the people managing your bankruptcy, for example by providing them with the information they ask for.\n\n## How long the restrictions last\n\nRestrictions last until your bankruptcy ends. This will happen sooner if you cancel your bankruptcy.\n\n## When the restrictions can be extended\n\nBankruptcy restrictions can be extended if you do not carry out your duties under the bankruptcy proceedings or if you\u2019re found to have acted carelessly or dishonestly.\n\nThe official receiver will tell you if the restrictions will be extended.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to agree to a Bankruptcy Restrictions Undertaking to extend the restrictions. If you do not agree, they\u2019ll ask the court to issue a Bankruptcy Restrictions Order.\n\n## Your assets\n\nYour assets might be sold to pay your bankruptcy debts. You have to hand over your assets to the person appointed to manage your bankruptcy (your \u2018trustee\u2019). They can be:\n\n- an official receiver - an officer of the court\n\n- an insolvency practitioner - an authorised debt specialist\n\nThe official receiver will usually act as your trustee to begin with.\n\n## Assets you can keep\n\nYou can usually keep:\n\n- items needed for your job, such as tools or a vehicle\n\n- household items, such as clothing, bedding or furniture\n\nYou might have to give these items up if they\u2019re worth more than a reasonable replacement.\n\n## Your bank accounts\n\nYou must give the official receiver your bank cards, cheque books and credit cards for any accounts you\u2019re no longer allowed to use. This includes any account that was overdrawn on the date you were made bankrupt.\n\nYour accounts will be frozen but your trustee may release:\n\n- any money you need urgently, for example to buy food\n\n- your partner\u2019s share of any money in a joint account\n\nYour bank will decide whether to allow you to continue using your accounts.\n\n## Your pension\n\nYou usually keep any money you\u2019ve put into a pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.\n\nSpeak to your trustee or read the guidance to find out how bankruptcy will affect your pension.\n\nYou can get free advice on managing your money and how bankruptcy affects your credit rating from Citizens Advice or National Debtline.\n\n## Your home\n\nYour home might be sold depending on your equity - your share after any secured debts (like a mortgage) have been paid.\n\nYou might have to give up:\n\n- your equity\n\n- legal ownership of the property if your equity is \u00a31,000 or more\n\nIf your trustee has not put your home up for sale within 3 years it will be transferred back to you.\n\n## Sole owners\n\nThe equity and legal ownership are transferred to your trustee. This means you cannot sell the property or claim any money from a sale.\n\nA bankruptcy restriction or notice is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register to say this.\n\nIt can only be removed if it\u2019s been added to your property by mistake. Send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying you are not bankrupt and an application to change the register for a property.\n\n## Joint owners\n\nThe equity is transferred to your trustee.\n\nA \u2018Form J restriction\u2019 is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register. This means your trustee will be told of any dealings connected with your home, for example if you try to sell it.\n\nIt can be removed if you can prove you (as the bankrupt) do not have a share in the property, for example if your partner owns the property. The owner has to send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying they are not the bankrupt person and an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction.\n\n## Stop the sale of your home\n\nYou might be able to stop or delay the sale of your home if, for example:\n\n- the value of your equity is less than \u00a31,000\n\n- the equity or legal title can be sold to someone else, such as a partner\n\n- you need to organise somewhere for children or a partner to live - the sale can be delayed for up to 1 year\n\nYou may want to get legal advice to find out if you can stop or delay the sale of your home.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Rented property\n\nYour landlord may be told that you\u2019re bankrupt and your rental situation may be affected.\n\n## Your income\n\nYour trustee will tell you if you have to make monthly payments from your spare income - you\u2019ll only have to do this if you can afford it.\n\nThe arrangement can last for up to 3 years and is called an Income Payments Agreement (IPA).\n\nIf you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.\n\nIf you do not agree to the IPA your trustee can ask the court to order you to make monthly payments. This is called an Income Payments Order (IPO).\n\nYour official receiver will set up your IPA or IPO and charge a fee. The fee can be up to \u00a3150 and is taken out of your first payment.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nThe monthly amount you pay depends on how much you can afford after essential expenses like food and bills are paid.\n\n## Cancel a bankruptcy\n\nYou can apply to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy if:\n\n- the bankruptcy order should not have been made\n\n- all your debts and bankruptcy fees have been paid or secured (guaranteed) by a third party\n\n- you\u2018ve made an Individual Voluntary Arrangement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts\n\nIf your circumstances change and you can pay off all your debts, then you must pay it through your official receiver or a solicitor.\n\nThis means you will not have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application form.\n\nSend or take your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy.\n\nYou must tell the court if you want details of your bankruptcy removed from the Land Charges register.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a date for a court hearing of your application, which you must attend.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to attend your interview with the official receiver if you\u2019ve been asked to.\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, they\u2019ll make an annulment order which cancels your bankruptcy.\n\n## Advertise your cancellation order\n\nYou can ask the official receiver to advertise your annulment order within 28 days of getting it. You cannot do this if your bankruptcy order has not been advertised yet.\n\nYour annulment order will be advertised wherever your bankruptcy order was.\n\n## When bankruptcy ends\n\nYour bankruptcy and the restrictions generally end when you\u2019re \u2018discharged\u2019, which is usually automatic.\n\nThis is usually 12 months after the adjudicator made you bankrupt. It can be longer in some circumstances, for example if you do not co-operate with your trustee.\n\nCheck your discharge date online using the Individual Insolvency Register.\n\nIf you cancel your bankruptcy, all restrictions will end immediately and your details will be removed from the Individual Insolvency Register.\n\n## Proof of discharge\n\nEmail the Insolvency Service and ask for a \u2018confirmation letter\u2019 to prove your bankruptcy has ended. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for a mortgage, you\u2019ll need a Certificate of Discharge.\n\nHow you get it depends on how you applied for your bankruptcy.\n\nIf you applied:\n\n- at a court, contact the court and pay the \u00a370 fee (\u00a310 for each copy)\n\n- online, email the Insolvency Service - there\u2019s no fee\n\n## Bankruptcy registers\n\nThe Individual Insolvency Register is updated within 3 months of your discharge.\n\nYou must apply to both Land Charges and HM Land Registry to have your bankruptcy entry removed from any properties you still own after paying your debts.\n\nBankruptcy entries are automatically removed from the Land Charges register after 5 years if they\u2019re not renewed.\n\n## Apply to Land Charges\n\nSend an application to cancel an entry in the Land Register (K11) to the Land Charges Department.\n\nYou need to include:\n\n- a copy of your court order permitting the cancellation (or \u2018vacation\u2019) of the entry\n\n- \u00a31 for each entry you want to cancel\n\n## Apply to HM Land Registry\n\nYou need to send HM Land Registry either:\n\n- an application to change the register for a property, if you\u2019re the sole owner of your property\n\n- an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction, if you own your property with someone else\n\nYou must include a copy of your court order.\n\nAll forms sent will be destroyed once the registers are updated. You can send copies if you write \u201cI certify that this is a true copy of the original\u201d together with your signature on the first page.\n\n## Your credit record\n\nCredit reference agencies will not be told directly when your bankruptcy ends - they\u2019ll get this information from public records.\n\nGet a copy of your credit reference report - contact a credit reference agency if it needs updating.\n\nYour bankruptcy can stay on your credit reference file for 6 years from the date of your bankruptcy.\n\n## Debts that will not be written off\n\nWhen you\u2019re discharged you\u2019ll be released from most, but not all, of the debts you owed at the date of the bankruptcy.\n\nDebts you will not be released from include:\n\n- debts arising from fraud\n\n- anything you owe under family proceedings - unless the court decides otherwise\n\n- damages for personal injuries to anyone - unless the court decides otherwise\n\n- debts which were not included in the bankruptcy itself, for example a debt to the Student Loans Company", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am in the process of being declared bankrupt after having run up debts on credit and store cards which I simply cannot repay. The level of my debt is over thirty thousand pounds. I own quite a lot of good jewellery and an expensive car", + "original_question": "Will I have to surrender my car and jewellery when my bankruptcy is completed?" + }, + { + "id": "train-901", + "question": "Scenario: My husband and I both receive the basic state pension and he has a small private pension from his previous employment. We still appear to be paying NI even though we are both over the age to receive the state pension.\n\nQuestion: If we shouldn't be paying NI, can we claim any money back?\n\nDocument - National Insurance and tax after State Pension age:\n## Overview\n\nYou do not pay National Insurance after you reach State Pension age - unless you\u2019re self-employed and pay Class 4 contributions. You stop paying Class 4 contributions at the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou only pay Income Tax if your taxable income - including your private pension and State Pension - is more than your tax-free allowances (the amount of income you\u2019re allowed before you pay tax).\n\nYou must contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think you should be paying tax.\n\n## Stop paying National Insurance\n\nYou pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits including the State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re employed, you pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions as a percentage of your earnings up to State Pension age.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed, you pay Class 2 contributions at a flat weekly rate and Class 4 contributions annually as a percentage of your taxable profits.\n\n## What happens at State Pension age\n\nYou stop paying Class 1 and Class 2 contributions when you reach State Pension age - even if you\u2019re still working.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue paying Class 4 contributions until the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.\n\nFor example, you reach State Pension age on 6 September 2021. You\u2019ll stop making Class 4 contributions on 5 April 2022 and pay your final Class 4 bill by 31 January 2023, together with your Income Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re self employed, you still need to send a Self Assessment tax return for each year you work - even after you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou can claim back National Insurance if you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\n## If you continue working\n\nShow your employer proof of your age (a birth certificate or passport, for example) to make sure you stop paying National Insurance.\n\nIf you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can send you a letter to show them instead.\n\nThe letter will confirm:\n\n- you\u2019ve reached State Pension age\n\n- you do not need to pay National Insurance\n\nYou\u2019ll need to write to HMRC explaining why you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to send your birth certificate or passport for verification if HMRC does not have a record of your date of birth. Certified copies are accepted.\n\nYou can also show a certificate of age exception (CA4140) if you have one.\n\n## Age-related tax allowances\n\n## Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou can claim the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership and at least one partner was born before 6 April 1935. It gets taken off your tax bill - the amount that\u2019s deducted depends on your income.\n\n## Maintenance Payments Relief\n\nYou can get an allowance to reduce your tax bill for maintenance payments you make to an ex-spouse or civil partner if:\n\n- you or they were born before 6 April 1935\n\n- you\u2019re separated or divorced and you\u2019re making payments under a court order\n\n- the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-partner (as long as they have not re-married or formed a new civil partnership) or your children are under 21\n\n## How much you can get\n\nFor the 2021 to 2022 tax year Maintenance Payments Relief can reduce your tax bill by the lower of the following:\n\n- \u00a3353 - where you make maintenance payments of \u00a33,530 or more a year\n\n- 10% of the money you\u2019ve actually paid - where you make payments of less than \u00a33,530 a year\n\nYou cannot claim a tax reduction for any voluntary payments you make.\n\n## Claim back tax or National Insurance\n\n## National Insurance refunds\n\nYou can claim back any overpaid National Insurance.\n\n## Tax refunds\n\nYou can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve:\n\n- had too much deducted from your pension\n\n- overpaid through your job\n\nIf you complete a tax return, you can also correct mistakes and claim a refund via Self Assessment.\n\n## Claiming back tax on savings interest\n\nIf you\u2019re on a low income, you may be able to get tax-free interest or get some tax back from interest on your savings.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-national-insurance-after-state-pension-age", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My husband and I both receive the basic state pension and he has a small private pension from his previous employment. We still appear to be paying NI even though we are both over the age to receive the state pension.", + "original_question": "If we shouldn't be paying NI, can we claim any money back?" + }, + { + "id": "train-902", + "question": "Scenario: I bought my house twenty years ago and have lived there continually since then. My partner moved in twelve years ago and we have a daughter. We have never lived together anywhere else.\n\nQuestion: Are we exempt from Capital Gains Tax given that we have never lived together anywhere else?\n\nDocument - Tax when you sell your home:\n## Private Residence Relief\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:\n\n- you have one home and you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it\n\n- you have not let part of it out - this does not include having a lodger\n\n- you have not used a part of your home exclusively for business purposes (using a room as a temporary or occasional office does not count as exclusive business use)\n\n- the grounds, including all buildings, are less than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre) in total\n\n- you did not buy it just to make a gain\n\nIf all these apply you will automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief and will have no tax to pay. If any of them apply, you may have some tax to pay.\n\nFind out if you\u2019re eligible for Private Residence Relief.\n\nMarried couples and civil partners can only count one property as their main home at any one time.\n\nThe rules are different if you sell property that\u2019s not your home or if you live abroad.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYou may need to pay tax when you sell your home if you do not qualify for full Private Residence Relief.\n\nIf you have tax to pay you need to work out how much gain you made when you sold your home.\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your home and what you sold it for. Use the market value instead if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited the asset (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\nIf you\u2019re not resident in the UK for tax, you only pay tax on gains since 5 April 2015.\n\n## Deducting costs\n\nYou can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:\n\n- estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees\n\n- costs of improvement works, for example for an extension - normal maintenance costs like decorating do not count\n\nYou cannot deduct certain costs, like interest on a loan to buy your property. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\nThere are special rules for calculating your gain if you sell a lease or your home is compulsorily purchased.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nOnce you know your gain and have worked out how much tax relief you get, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou cannot use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares\n\n- reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own\n\n- claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax\n\n## If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Living away from your home\n\nYou may get less Private Residence Relief if you live away from your home. However, you always get relief for certain periods.\n\nThe rules are different if you\u2019re not UK resident for tax.\n\n## Periods that always qualify for relief\n\nNo matter how many homes you own or where you lived at the time, you always get relief for the last 9 months before you sold your home.\n\nIt must have been your only or main residence at some point while you owned it.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get relief for up to the first 2 years that you owned the home if both the following apply:\n\n- it was being built, renovated or you could not sell your old home\n\n- you lived in it as your only or main residence within 2 years of owning it\n\nYou get relief for these periods even if you nominated a different home as your main home.\n\n## If you have one home or you nominated your home\n\nYou get relief if you were away from it for:\n\n- any reason for periods adding up to 3 years\n\n- up to 4 years if you had to live away from home in the UK for work\n\n- any period if you were working outside the UK\n\nYou must have lived in the home before and afterwards, unless your work prevented you.\n\nIf you only own one home you get relief for the last 36 months before you sold your home if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re disabled\n\n- you\u2019re in long-term residential care\n\n- you sold the property before 6 April 2014\n\nYou get relief for the last 18 months if none of these apply, but you sold your home before 6 April 2020.\n\n## If you own more than one home\n\nIn most cases, you only get relief for one home for any period. You must work out when you lived in each property as your main home.\n\nIf you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership only one home per couple counts as your main home for any period.\n\nIf you\u2019ve nominated a home you cannot get relief for another property for the time your home is nominated, apart from for the periods that always qualify for relief.\n\nThere are other rules that affect tax relief when you sell your home.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure how the rules apply to you, call the Capital Gains Tax helpline.\n\n## Nominating a home\n\nIf you nominate a property as your main home you qualify for relief for most of the time you live away. You must have lived in the home as your only or main residence at some point while you owned it.\n\nThe rules are different if you\u2019re not UK resident for tax.\n\nYou cannot get relief for another property for the time your home is nominated, apart from for certain periods that always qualify for relief.\n\nYou can nominate one property as your main home by writing to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). Include the address of the home you want to nominate. All the owners of the property must sign the letter.\n\nIf you want to nominate a home you must do this within 2 years every time your combination of homes changes.\n\nIf you do not nominate a home and you sell one of your properties you must work out how long you lived in it as your main home.\n\n## Overseas properties\n\nFrom 6 April 2015, you can only nominate an overseas property if you lived in it for at least 90 days in the tax year.\n\n## If you let out your home\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019ve let out your home. How much you pay depends on how long you lived in it.\n\nHaving a lodger does not count as letting out your home.\n\n## Work out how much tax you have to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll pay tax on your \u2018chargeable gain\u2019. This is your gain minus any Private Residence Relief you\u2019re eligible for.\n\nYou get full relief for:\n\n- the years you lived in the home\n\n- the last 9 months you owned the home - even if you were not living there at the time\n\nIf you sold the property between 6 April 2014 and 6 April 2020, you get relief for the last 18 months you owned it.\n\nIf you only own one home and you\u2019re disabled, in long-term residential care or sold the property before 6 April 2014 you get full relief for the last 36 months you owned it.\n\n## If you only let out part of your home\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out what proportion of your home you lived in. You only get Private Residence Relief on this proportion of your gain.\n\n## Claim Letting Relief\n\nIf you lived in your home at the same time as your tenants, you may qualify for Letting Relief on gains you make when you sell the property.\n\nYou can get the lowest of the following:\n\n- the same amount you got in Private Residence Relief\n\n- \u00a340,000\n\n- the same amount as the chargeable gain you made while letting out part of your home\n\nLetting Relief does not cover any proportion of the chargeable gain you make while your home is empty.\n\nThere are other rules that may affect the amount of Capital Gains Tax you need to pay.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure how the rules apply to you, call the Capital Gains Tax helpline.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I bought my house twenty years ago and have lived there continually since then. My partner moved in twelve years ago and we have a daughter. We have never lived together anywhere else.", + "original_question": "Are we exempt from Capital Gains Tax given that we have never lived together anywhere else?" + }, + { + "id": "train-904", + "question": "Scenario: I am British and I work for an American company called Amazon Mechanical Turk. My earnings are paid in Amazon vouchers which can only be redeemed on the US Amazon site.\n\nQuestion: Am I obligated to pay tax on my Turk earnings as a foreign source of income, given that it is my only form of income?\n\nDocument - Tax on foreign income:\n## Overview\n\nYou may need to pay UK Income Tax on your foreign income, such as:\n\n- wages if you work abroad\n\n- foreign investment income, for example dividends and savings interest\n\n- rental income on overseas property\n\n- income from pensions held overseas\n\nForeign income is anything from outside England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are classed as foreign.\n\n## Working out if you need to pay\n\nWhether you need to pay depends on if you\u2019re classed as \u2018resident\u2019 in the UK for tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re not UK resident, you will not have to pay UK tax on your foreign income.\n\nIf you\u2019re UK resident, you\u2019ll normally pay tax on your foreign income. But you may not have to if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Reporting foreign income\n\nIf you need to pay tax, you usually report your foreign income in a Self Assessment tax return. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.\n\n## If your income is taxed in more than one country\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief if you\u2019re taxed in more than one country.\n\nIf you\u2019ve not yet paid tax on the foreign income, you may need to apply for a certificate of residence to prove you\u2019re eligible for relief.\n\n## UK residence and tax\n\nYour UK residence status affects whether you need to pay tax in the UK on your foreign income.\n\nNon-residents only pay tax on their UK income - they do not pay UK tax on their foreign income.\n\nResidents normally pay UK tax on all their income, whether it\u2019s from the UK or abroad. But there are special rules for UK residents whose permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Work out your residence status\n\nWhether you\u2019re UK resident usually depends on how many days you spend in the UK in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).\n\nYou\u2019re automatically resident if either:\n\n- you spent 183 or more days in the UK in the tax year\n\n- your only home was in the UK - you must have owned, rented or lived in it for at least 91 days in total - and you spent at least 30 days there in the tax year\n\nYou\u2019re automatically non-resident if either:\n\n- you spent fewer than 16 days in the UK (or 46 days if you have not been classed as UK resident for the 3 previous tax years)\n\n- you work abroad full-time (averaging at least 35 hours a week) and spent fewer than 91 days in the UK, of which no more than 30 were spent working\n\n## Get help\n\nIf your situation\u2019s more complicated or you need to confirm your status, you can:\n\n- read HMRC\u2019s guidance on the Statutory Residence Test\n\n- get professional tax help\n\n## Your residence status when you move\n\nWhen you move in or out of the UK, the tax year is usually split into 2 - a non-resident part and a resident part. This means you only pay UK tax on foreign income based on the time you were living here.\n\nThis is called \u2018split-year treatment\u2019.\n\nYou will not get split-year treatment if you live abroad for less than a full tax year before returning to the UK. You also need to meet other conditions.\n\nTo find out if you qualify and see which split-year treatment \u2018case\u2019 you\u2019ll need to mention on your Self Assessment tax return, you can:\n\n- read chapter 5 of HMRC\u2019s guidance note on the Statutory Residence Test\n\n- contact HMRC\n\n## If your situation changes\n\nYour status can change from one tax year to the next. Check your status if your situation changes, for example:\n\n- you spend more or less time in the UK\n\n- you buy or sell a home in the UK\n\n- you change your job\n\n- your family moves in or out of the UK, or you get married, separate or have children\n\n## Residence and capital gains\n\nYou work out your residence status for capital gains (for example, when you sell shares or a second home) the same way as you do for income.\n\nUK residents have to pay tax on their UK and foreign gains. Non-residents have to pay tax on income, but only pay Capital Gains Tax either:\n\n- on UK property or land\n\n- if they return to the UK\n\n## Residence before April 2013\n\nThere were different rules for working out your residence status before 6 April 2013.\n\n## 'Non-domiciled' residents\n\nUK residents who have their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) outside the UK may not have to pay UK tax on foreign income.\n\nThe same rules apply if you make any foreign capital gains, for example you sell shares or a second home.\n\n## Working out your domicile\n\nYour domicile\u2019s usually the country your father considered his permanent home when you were born. It may have changed if you moved abroad and you do not intend to return.\n\nIf you need help working out which country you\u2019re domiciled in, you can:\n\n- read chapter 5 of HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019\n\n- get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser\n\nThere are additional rules for domicile and Inheritance Tax.\n\n## Tax if you\u2019re non-domiciled\n\nYou do not pay UK tax on your foreign income or gains if both the following apply:\n\n- they\u2019re less than \u00a32,000 in the tax year\n\n- you do not bring them into the UK, for example by transferring them to a UK bank account\n\nIf this applies to you, you do not need to do anything.\n\nChapter 9 in HMRC\u2019s guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019 explains the rules for bringing income or gains to the UK.\n\n## If your income is \u00a32,000 or more\n\nYou must report foreign income or gains of \u00a32,000 or more, or any money that you bring to the UK, in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- pay UK tax on them - you may be able to claim it back\n\n- claim the \u2018remittance basis\u2019\n\nClaiming the remittance basis means you only pay UK tax on the income or gains you bring to the UK, but you:\n\n- lose tax-free allowances for Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax (some \u2018dual residents\u2019 may keep them)\n\n- pay an annual charge if you\u2019ve been resident of the UK for a certain amount of time\n\nYou pay an annual charge of either:\n\n- \u00a330,000 if you\u2019ve been here for at least 7 of the previous 9 tax years\n\n- \u00a360,000 for at least 12 of the previous 14 tax years\n\nClaiming the remittance basis is complicated. You can:\n\n- contact HMRC\n\n- get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser\n\n## If you work in the UK and abroad\n\nThere are special rules if you work both in the UK and abroad.\n\nYou do not have to pay tax on foreign income or gains (even those you bring into the UK) if you get the \u2018foreign workers\u2019 exemption\u2019.\n\nYou qualify if:\n\n- your income from your overseas job is less than \u00a310,000\n\n- your other foreign income (such as bank interest) is less than \u00a3100\n\n- all your foreign income has been subject to foreign tax (even if you did not have to pay, for example because of a tax-free allowance)\n\n- your combined UK and foreign income is within the band for basic rate Income Tax\n\n- you do not need to fill in a tax return for any other reason\n\nIf you qualify, you do not need to do anything to claim.\n\n## If you\u2019re seconded to the UK\n\nYou may be able to claim Overseas Workday Relief if your employer sends you to work in the UK on secondment.\n\nIf you qualify you:\n\n- pay UK tax on UK employment income based on the number of days you\u2019ve worked here\n\n- do not pay tax on income from days you work abroad (as long as you do not bring it into the UK)\n\nAsk your employer to find out if you can claim.\n\n## Foreign students\n\nThere are special rules if you come to study in the UK.\n\n## Reporting your foreign income\n\nYou usually need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a UK resident with foreign income or capital gains. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.\n\nYou do not need to fill in a tax return if all the following apply:\n\n- your only foreign income is dividends\n\n- your total dividends - including UK dividends - are less than the \u00a32,000 dividend allowance\n\n- you have no other income to report\n\nDifferent rules may apply if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Register for Self Assessment\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.\n\nRegister now\n\n## Filling in your tax return\n\nUse the \u2018foreign\u2019 section of the tax return to record your overseas income or gains.\n\nInclude income that\u2019s already been taxed abroad to get Foreign Tax Credit Relief, if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nHMRC has guidance on how to report your foreign income or gains in your tax return in \u2018Foreign notes\u2019.\n\n## Foreign income that's taxed differently\n\nMost foreign income is taxed in the same way as UK income, but there are special rules for:\n\n- pensions\n\n- rent from property\n\n- certain types of employment income\n\n## Pensions\n\nYou have to pay tax on pensions if you\u2019re resident, or were resident in any of the 5 previous tax years.\n\nYou also pay tax on any foreign pension payments, including unauthorised payments like early payments and some lump sums.\n\nCheck with your pension provider to find out how you\u2019ll be taxed.\n\n## Rent from property\n\nYou pay tax in the normal way on overseas property. But if you rent out more than one, you can offset losses against other overseas properties.\n\n## Certain types of employment income\n\nYou usually pay tax in the normal way if you work both in the UK and abroad. There are special rules if you work:\n\n- on a ship or in the offshore gas or oil industry\n\n- for the EU or government, or as a volunteer development worker\n\n## If you're taxed twice\n\nYou may be taxed on your foreign income by the UK and by the country where your income is from.\n\nYou can usually claim tax relief to get some or all of this tax back. How you claim depends on whether your foreign income has already been taxed.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to claim relief if you\u2019re a non-resident with UK income.\n\n## Apply for tax relief before you get taxed on foreign income\n\nYou have to apply for tax relief in the country your income\u2019s from if:\n\n- the income is exempt from foreign tax but is taxed in the UK (for example, most pensions)\n\n- required by that country\u2019s double-taxation agreement\n\nAsk the foreign tax authority for a form, or apply by letter if they do not have one.\n\nBefore you apply, you must prove you\u2019re eligible for tax relief by either:\n\n- completing the form and sending it to HMRC - they\u2019ll confirm whether you\u2019re resident and send the form back to you\n\n- including a UK certificate of residence, if you\u2019re applying by letter\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got proof, send the form or letter to the foreign tax authority.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already paid tax on your foreign income\n\nYou can usually claim Foreign Tax Credit Relief when you report your overseas income in your tax return.\n\nHow much relief you get depends on the UK\u2019s \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 with the country your income\u2019s from.\n\nYou usually still get relief even if there is not an agreement, unless the foreign tax does not correspond to UK Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or a get professional tax help if you\u2019re not sure, or need help with double-taxation relief.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get back\n\nYou may not get back the full amount of foreign tax you paid. You get back less if either:\n\n- a smaller amount is set by the country\u2019s double-taxation agreement\n\n- the income would have been taxed at a lower rate in the UK\n\nHMRC has guidance on how Foreign Tax Credit Relief is calculated, including the special rules for interest and dividends in \u2018Foreign notes\u2019.\n\nYou cannot claim this relief if the UK\u2019s double-taxation agreement requires you to claim tax back from the country your income was from.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll usually pay tax in the country where you\u2019re resident and be exempt from tax in the country where you make the capital gain. You will not usually need to make a claim.\n\nYou have to pay Capital Gains Tax on UK residential property even if you\u2019re not UK resident.\n\n## When to claim relief\n\nThere are different rules if your gain comes from an asset that either:\n\n- cannot be taken out of the country, such as land or a house\n\n- you\u2019re using for business in that country\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay tax in both countries and get relief from the UK.\n\n## Dual residents\n\nYou can be resident in both the UK and another country. You\u2019ll need to check the other country\u2019s residence rules and when the tax year starts and ends.\n\nHMRC has guidance for claiming double-taxation relief if you\u2019re dual resident.\n\n## If you come to study in the UK\n\nForeign students usually do not pay UK tax on foreign income or gains, as long as they\u2019re used for course fees or living costs like:\n\n- food\n\n- rent\n\n- bills\n\n- study materials\n\nCheck that the country your income\u2019s from has a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 that covers students.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may ask you to account for your living costs if they\u2019re more than \u00a315,000 in a tax year (excluding course fees). The tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## When you need to pay tax\n\nYou may need to pay tax on your foreign income in the normal way if you:\n\n- are from a country without a double-taxation agreement for students\n\n- have other income that you do not bring to the UK\n\n- bring it to the UK and spend it on things other than living costs and course fees\n\n- plan to stay in the UK as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019)\n\n## If you work in the UK\n\nSome double-taxation agreements mean you do not pay UK tax on your income if you work while you\u2019re a student.\n\nIf your country does not have an agreement like this, you have to pay tax in the same way as others who come to live in the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-foreign-income", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am British and I work for an American company called Amazon Mechanical Turk. My earnings are paid in Amazon vouchers which can only be redeemed on the US Amazon site.", + "original_question": "Am I obligated to pay tax on my Turk earnings as a foreign source of income, given that it is my only form of income?" + }, + { + "id": "train-906", + "question": "Scenario: My grandfather and grandmother have been happily married for 65 years . They receive married couple allowance. Due to dementia and old age my grandmother has been taken to a care home.\n\nQuestion: Will the married couple allowance stop?\n\nDocument - Married Couple's Allowance:\n## Overview\n\nMarried Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.\n\nYou can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner\n\n- one of you was born before 6 April 1935\n\nFor marriages before 5 December 2005, the husband\u2019s income is used to work out Married Couple\u2019s Allowance. For marriage and civil partnerships after this date, it\u2019s the income of the highest earner.\n\nIf you and your partner were born on or after 6 April 1935, you may be able to claim Marriage Allowance instead.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nMarried Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill each year if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.\n\nFor the 2021 to 2022 tax year, it could cut your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.\n\nUse the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance calculator to work out what you could get.\n\nIf you marry or register a civil partnership, you\u2019ll get the allowance on a pro-rata basis for the rest of that tax year.\n\nIf one of you dies or you divorce or separate, the allowance continues until the end of the tax year.\n\nYou can transfer your Married Couple\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner.\n\nIf you and your spouse or civil partner are separated through circumstance rather than through a decision to formally separate, you can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner\n\n- one of you was born before 6 April 1935\n\nYou can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re unable to live with your spouse or civil partner because of:\n\n- illness or old age, for example where your spouse or partner is in residential care\n\n- working away from home\n\n- an armed forces posting\n\n- being in prison\n\n- training or education\n\nUse the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance calculator to work out what you could get.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## If you fill in a Self Assessment tax return each year\n\nClaim by completing the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance section of the tax return.\n\n## If you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return each year\n\nContact HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) with details of your:\n\n- marriage or civil partnership ceremony\n\n- spouse or civil partner - including their date of birth\n\n## Further information\n\n## Transfer unused Married Couple\u2019s Allowance after the tax year ends\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner pays tax, you can transfer any Married Couple\u2019s Allowance that you have not used because:\n\n- you do not pay tax\n\n- your tax bill is not high enough\n\nFill in form 575 or ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to post you a copy.\n\n## Share or transfer your Married Couple\u2019s Allowance before the tax year starts\n\nYou and your spouse (or civil partner) can:\n\n- share the minimum Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\n- transfer the whole of the minimum Married Couple\u2019s Allowance from one to the other\n\nFill in form 18 before the start of the tax year. You can also contact HMRC to get a copy in the post.\n\n## Tax allowances and giving to charity\n\nIf you pay tax and give money to a UK charity using Gift Aid, contact HMRC. It can increase the tax allowances if you were born before 6 April 1938.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/married-couples-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My grandfather and grandmother have been happily married for 65 years . They receive married couple allowance. Due to dementia and old age my grandmother has been taken to a care home.", + "original_question": "Will the married couple allowance stop?" + }, + { + "id": "train-909", + "question": "Scenario: I'm 32 today and I always been in love with shopping and eating out: turns out that I don't have any savings even if I have a decent salary (\u00a340.000 per year outside London. I decided to deposit few hundreds pounds every months in Premium Bonds just to start things off and I made \u00a350 in winnings.\n\nQuestion: Do I pay tax on premium bonds?\n\nDocument - Tax when you sell shares:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) shares or other investments.\n\nShares and investments you may need to pay tax on include:\n\n- shares that are not in an ISA or PEP\n\n- units in a unit trust\n\n- certain bonds (not including Premium Bonds and Qualifying Corporate Bonds)\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax. This will depend on if your total gains are above your Capital Gains Tax allowance for the tax year.\n\n## When you do not pay it\n\nYou do not usually need to pay tax if you give shares as a gift to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou also do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you dispose of:\n\n- shares you\u2019ve put into an ISA or PEP\n\n- shares in employer Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)\n\n- UK government gilts (including Premium Bonds)\n\n- Qualifying Corporate Bonds\n\n- employee shareholder shares - depending on when you got them\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your shares and what you sold them for.\n\n## Market value\n\nIn some situations you should use the market value of the shares when working out your gain. Do this if:\n\n- you gave them away as a gift to someone other than your spouse, civil partner or a charity\n\n- you sold them for less than they were worth\n\n- you inherited them and do not know the Inheritance Tax value\n\n- you owned them before April 1982\n\n- you acquired them through certain Employee Share Schemes\n\nIf the shares were given or sold to you by someone who claimed Gift Hold-Over Relief, use the amount that person paid for them to work out your gain. If you paid less than they were worth, use the amount you paid for them.\n\n## Selling in special circumstances\n\nThere are special rules for working out the cost of your shares if you sell:\n\n- shares you bought at different times and prices in one company\n\n- shares through an investment club\n\n- shares after a company merger or takeover\n\n- employee share scheme shares\n\n## Jointly owned shares and investments\n\nIf you sell shares or investments that you own jointly with other people, work out the gain for the portion that you own, instead of the whole value. There are different rules for investment clubs.\n\n## What to do next\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct certain costs of buying or selling your shares from your gain. These include:\n\n- fees, for example stockbrokers\u2019 fees\n\n- Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) when you bought the shares\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\n## Apply reliefs\n\nYou may be able to reduce or delay paying Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nWhen you know your gain you need to work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou may be able to work out how much tax to pay on your shares.\n\nYou can use the calculator if you sold shares that were:\n\n- the same type, acquired in the same company on the same date\n\n- sold at the same time\n\nYou can not use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold other shares in the tax year\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, such as a property you let out\n\n- claim any reliefs\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\nYou can claim losses on shares you own if they become worthless or of \u2018negligible value\u2019 (for example because the company goes into liquidation).\n\nHMRC has guidance on making a negligible value claim.\n\n## Selling shares in the same company\n\nThere\u2019s a different way of working out your cost if you\u2019ve sold the same type of shares in a company that you bought at different times.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to work out the average cost of your shares and deduct this from what you got for them to work out your gain.\n\nIf you bought new shares of the same type in the same company within 30 days of selling your old ones, there are special rules for working out the cost to use in your tax calculations.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help if you need advice.\n\n## Investment clubs\n\nYou work out your gain differently if you\u2019ve bought and sold shares through an investment club.\n\nAn investment club is a group of people that buys and sells shares together on the stock market.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYou\u2019ll get a written statement of your gains and losses (an \u2018investment club certificate (PDF, 212KB)\u2019) at the end of each tax year from the person who runs the club, for example its treasurer.\n\nWhen you know your gain, work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax. There are special rules if you make any losses.\n\n## Leaving an investment club\n\nThe club buys back your shares if you leave, and you need to include any gain or loss when you\u2019re working out if you need to pay tax.\n\n- Take your share of any gains during your membership of the club, and deduct your share of any losses.\n\n- Add any income from dividends you received (after tax).\n\n- Add any other money you received from the club, and deduct anything you paid into it (for example a monthly amount to invest).\n\n- Deduct the total from what you received from the club for your shares.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional help (for example from an accountant) if you need advice.\n\n## Transferring shares into the club\n\nIf you transfer shares you already own into the club, you\u2019re treated as selling them and you need to work out your gain.\n\n## If you run an investment club\n\nThe investment club treasurer or secretary should:\n\n- divide any income, gains and losses between its members according to the club\u2019s rules\n\n- give every member a written statement at the end of each tax year - you can use HMRC\u2019s investment club certificate (PDF, 212KB)\n\n- keep records including members\u2019 income and gains\n\n- arrange to buy shares from members who want to leave the club\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a new investment club, make sure it has a constitution and rules. Get legal advice from a professional if you need help.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nYou may be able to reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you have to pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n| Relief | Description |\n\n| Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief | Pay 10% Capital Gains Tax instead of the normal rates if you sell shares in a trading company that you work for and have at least 5% of the shares and voting rights (known as a \u2018personal company\u2019). |\n\n| Gift Hold-Over Relief | Pay no Capital Gains Tax if you give away shares in a personal company or unlisted company - the person you gave them to pays tax when they sell them. |\n\n| Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS) | Delay or reduce your Capital Gains Tax if you use a gain to buy unlisted shares in companies approved for EIS. |\n\n| Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) | Pay no Capital Gains Tax on a gain of up to \u00a3100,000 if you use a gain to buy new shares in small early-stage companies approved for SEIS. |\n\n| Rollover relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax if you sell unlisted shares to the trustees of a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and use the proceeds to buy new assets. |\n\nShares are \u2018unlisted\u2019 if they\u2019re in a company that is not listed on the London Stock Exchange or a recognised stock exchange abroad.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-shares", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I'm 32 today and I always been in love with shopping and eating out: turns out that I don't have any savings even if I have a decent salary (\u00a340.000 per year outside London. I decided to deposit few hundreds pounds every months in Premium Bonds just to start things off and I made \u00a350 in winnings.", + "original_question": "Do I pay tax on premium bonds?" + }, + { + "id": "train-910", + "question": "Scenario: I own a home that I want to sell. The property cost me \u00a3150,000, but it is now worth \u00a3250,000. This is my only home that I lived in since I purchased it.\n\nQuestion: Will I need to pay capital gains tax on this house?\n\nDocument - Tax when you sell your home:\n## Private Residence Relief\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:\n\n- you have one home and you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it\n\n- you have not let part of it out - this does not include having a lodger\n\n- you have not used a part of your home exclusively for business purposes (using a room as a temporary or occasional office does not count as exclusive business use)\n\n- the grounds, including all buildings, are less than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre) in total\n\n- you did not buy it just to make a gain\n\nIf all these apply you will automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief and will have no tax to pay. If any of them apply, you may have some tax to pay.\n\nFind out if you\u2019re eligible for Private Residence Relief.\n\nMarried couples and civil partners can only count one property as their main home at any one time.\n\nThe rules are different if you sell property that\u2019s not your home or if you live abroad.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYou may need to pay tax when you sell your home if you do not qualify for full Private Residence Relief.\n\nIf you have tax to pay you need to work out how much gain you made when you sold your home.\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your home and what you sold it for. Use the market value instead if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited the asset (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\nIf you\u2019re not resident in the UK for tax, you only pay tax on gains since 5 April 2015.\n\n## Deducting costs\n\nYou can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:\n\n- estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees\n\n- costs of improvement works, for example for an extension - normal maintenance costs like decorating do not count\n\nYou cannot deduct certain costs, like interest on a loan to buy your property. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\nThere are special rules for calculating your gain if you sell a lease or your home is compulsorily purchased.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nOnce you know your gain and have worked out how much tax relief you get, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou cannot use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares\n\n- reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own\n\n- claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax\n\n## If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Living away from your home\n\nYou may get less Private Residence Relief if you live away from your home. However, you always get relief for certain periods.\n\nThe rules are different if you\u2019re not UK resident for tax.\n\n## Periods that always qualify for relief\n\nNo matter how many homes you own or where you lived at the time, you always get relief for the last 9 months before you sold your home.\n\nIt must have been your only or main residence at some point while you owned it.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get relief for up to the first 2 years that you owned the home if both the following apply:\n\n- it was being built, renovated or you could not sell your old home\n\n- you lived in it as your only or main residence within 2 years of owning it\n\nYou get relief for these periods even if you nominated a different home as your main home.\n\n## If you have one home or you nominated your home\n\nYou get relief if you were away from it for:\n\n- any reason for periods adding up to 3 years\n\n- up to 4 years if you had to live away from home in the UK for work\n\n- any period if you were working outside the UK\n\nYou must have lived in the home before and afterwards, unless your work prevented you.\n\nIf you only own one home you get relief for the last 36 months before you sold your home if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re disabled\n\n- you\u2019re in long-term residential care\n\n- you sold the property before 6 April 2014\n\nYou get relief for the last 18 months if none of these apply, but you sold your home before 6 April 2020.\n\n## If you own more than one home\n\nIn most cases, you only get relief for one home for any period. You must work out when you lived in each property as your main home.\n\nIf you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership only one home per couple counts as your main home for any period.\n\nIf you\u2019ve nominated a home you cannot get relief for another property for the time your home is nominated, apart from for the periods that always qualify for relief.\n\nThere are other rules that affect tax relief when you sell your home.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure how the rules apply to you, call the Capital Gains Tax helpline.\n\n## Nominating a home\n\nIf you nominate a property as your main home you qualify for relief for most of the time you live away. You must have lived in the home as your only or main residence at some point while you owned it.\n\nThe rules are different if you\u2019re not UK resident for tax.\n\nYou cannot get relief for another property for the time your home is nominated, apart from for certain periods that always qualify for relief.\n\nYou can nominate one property as your main home by writing to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). Include the address of the home you want to nominate. All the owners of the property must sign the letter.\n\nIf you want to nominate a home you must do this within 2 years every time your combination of homes changes.\n\nIf you do not nominate a home and you sell one of your properties you must work out how long you lived in it as your main home.\n\n## Overseas properties\n\nFrom 6 April 2015, you can only nominate an overseas property if you lived in it for at least 90 days in the tax year.\n\n## If you let out your home\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019ve let out your home. How much you pay depends on how long you lived in it.\n\nHaving a lodger does not count as letting out your home.\n\n## Work out how much tax you have to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll pay tax on your \u2018chargeable gain\u2019. This is your gain minus any Private Residence Relief you\u2019re eligible for.\n\nYou get full relief for:\n\n- the years you lived in the home\n\n- the last 9 months you owned the home - even if you were not living there at the time\n\nIf you sold the property between 6 April 2014 and 6 April 2020, you get relief for the last 18 months you owned it.\n\nIf you only own one home and you\u2019re disabled, in long-term residential care or sold the property before 6 April 2014 you get full relief for the last 36 months you owned it.\n\n## If you only let out part of your home\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out what proportion of your home you lived in. You only get Private Residence Relief on this proportion of your gain.\n\n## Claim Letting Relief\n\nIf you lived in your home at the same time as your tenants, you may qualify for Letting Relief on gains you make when you sell the property.\n\nYou can get the lowest of the following:\n\n- the same amount you got in Private Residence Relief\n\n- \u00a340,000\n\n- the same amount as the chargeable gain you made while letting out part of your home\n\nLetting Relief does not cover any proportion of the chargeable gain you make while your home is empty.\n\nThere are other rules that may affect the amount of Capital Gains Tax you need to pay.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure how the rules apply to you, call the Capital Gains Tax helpline.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a home that I want to sell. The property cost me \u00a3150,000, but it is now worth \u00a3250,000. This is my only home that I lived in since I purchased it.", + "original_question": "Will I need to pay capital gains tax on this house?" + }, + { + "id": "train-913", + "question": "Scenario: I have been living in Germany for the past few years although I have been only in casual work and not consistently employed. I pay National Insurance and tax as and when I have work.\n\nQuestion: Will my right of work change?\n\nDocument - Work in an EU country:\n## Overview\n\nYou\u2019ll need a work permit to work in most EU countries if you\u2019re a UK citizen.\n\nIn most cases, you\u2019ll need a job offer from your chosen country so that you can get a visa to move there.\n\nCheck with the UK-based embassy of the country you want to work in to see what you need to do.\n\nIf you want to work in an EU country, check the country\u2019s living in guide for updates.\n\n## If you moved to the EU before 1 January 2021\n\nIf you were legally living in an EU country before 1 January 2021, your right to work will be protected as long as you carry on living there. This is because you are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement.\n\nYou\u2019re also protected by the Withdrawal Agreement if you started working in one EU country and living in a different EU country or the UK, before 1 January 2021.\n\nYou\u2019ll have the same rights as nationals of the country you\u2019re working in when it comes to working conditions, pay and social security (for example, benefits).\n\n## Healthcare and insurance\n\nYou can use a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) or UK Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC) if you\u2019re working in an EU country for up to 3 months. Your EHIC or GHIC gives you access to free or cheaper state-provided medical treatment.\n\nSome UK-issued EHICs may no longer be valid in Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein.\n\nFind out more about the EHIC and GHIC, including who can get them, where they\u2019re valid and how to apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re planning to work in an EEA country or Switzerland for longer, you may need to:\n\n- register as a resident and pay social security contributions to use the state healthcare system in that country\n\n- take out private health insurance\n\nEach country\u2019s healthcare system is different and you may have to pay for treatment you\u2019d get for free on the NHS.\n\nFind out more in the country healthcare guides.\n\nYou usually have to pay for any medical treatment outside of the EEA, but you can get free or reduced cost treatment in some other countries.\n\n## Working abroad for a UK employer\n\nIf you are sent to work abroad temporarily, your employer must follow some of the employment rules of the country you\u2019re sent to work in.\n\nFind out about the employment rules for a country by contacting its UK-based embassy.\n\nYou can also read guidance for business travellers visiting Europe.\n\n## Tax\n\nYou might still have to pay UK Income Tax, depending on what your \u2018residency status\u2019 will be in the country you\u2019re going to (for example, if you\u2019ll be a temporary or permanent resident).\n\nFill in form P85 to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve left or are about to leave the UK to live or work abroad. Fill in the form and send it to HMRC.\n\nHMRC will tell you how your tax will be affected.\n\n## National Insurance\n\nYou might be able to pay National Insurance while you\u2019re working abroad, depending on where you\u2019re working and how long for.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, you can keep paying National Insurance to protect your State Pension and entitlement to other benefits.\n\n## Your circumstances change\n\nContact HMRC if your circumstances change when you\u2019re abroad, for example if you move house or your marital status changes. You\u2019ll need your National Insurance number.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-abroad", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been living in Germany for the past few years although I have been only in casual work and not consistently employed. I pay National Insurance and tax as and when I have work.", + "original_question": "Will my right of work change?" + }, + { + "id": "train-916", + "question": "Scenario: I recently moved back to the UK after spending many years in the Congo. I have a property there that I have rented out to my friend.\n\nQuestion: Am I liable for tax on this rental income?\n\nDocument - Tax on foreign income:\n## Overview\n\nYou may need to pay UK Income Tax on your foreign income, such as:\n\n- wages if you work abroad\n\n- foreign investment income, for example dividends and savings interest\n\n- rental income on overseas property\n\n- income from pensions held overseas\n\nForeign income is anything from outside England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are classed as foreign.\n\n## Working out if you need to pay\n\nWhether you need to pay depends on if you\u2019re classed as \u2018resident\u2019 in the UK for tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re not UK resident, you will not have to pay UK tax on your foreign income.\n\nIf you\u2019re UK resident, you\u2019ll normally pay tax on your foreign income. But you may not have to if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Reporting foreign income\n\nIf you need to pay tax, you usually report your foreign income in a Self Assessment tax return. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.\n\n## If your income is taxed in more than one country\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief if you\u2019re taxed in more than one country.\n\nIf you\u2019ve not yet paid tax on the foreign income, you may need to apply for a certificate of residence to prove you\u2019re eligible for relief.\n\n## UK residence and tax\n\nYour UK residence status affects whether you need to pay tax in the UK on your foreign income.\n\nNon-residents only pay tax on their UK income - they do not pay UK tax on their foreign income.\n\nResidents normally pay UK tax on all their income, whether it\u2019s from the UK or abroad. But there are special rules for UK residents whose permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Work out your residence status\n\nWhether you\u2019re UK resident usually depends on how many days you spend in the UK in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).\n\nYou\u2019re automatically resident if either:\n\n- you spent 183 or more days in the UK in the tax year\n\n- your only home was in the UK - you must have owned, rented or lived in it for at least 91 days in total - and you spent at least 30 days there in the tax year\n\nYou\u2019re automatically non-resident if either:\n\n- you spent fewer than 16 days in the UK (or 46 days if you have not been classed as UK resident for the 3 previous tax years)\n\n- you work abroad full-time (averaging at least 35 hours a week) and spent fewer than 91 days in the UK, of which no more than 30 were spent working\n\n## Get help\n\nIf your situation\u2019s more complicated or you need to confirm your status, you can:\n\n- read HMRC\u2019s guidance on the Statutory Residence Test\n\n- get professional tax help\n\n## Your residence status when you move\n\nWhen you move in or out of the UK, the tax year is usually split into 2 - a non-resident part and a resident part. This means you only pay UK tax on foreign income based on the time you were living here.\n\nThis is called \u2018split-year treatment\u2019.\n\nYou will not get split-year treatment if you live abroad for less than a full tax year before returning to the UK. You also need to meet other conditions.\n\nTo find out if you qualify and see which split-year treatment \u2018case\u2019 you\u2019ll need to mention on your Self Assessment tax return, you can:\n\n- read chapter 5 of HMRC\u2019s guidance note on the Statutory Residence Test\n\n- contact HMRC\n\n## If your situation changes\n\nYour status can change from one tax year to the next. Check your status if your situation changes, for example:\n\n- you spend more or less time in the UK\n\n- you buy or sell a home in the UK\n\n- you change your job\n\n- your family moves in or out of the UK, or you get married, separate or have children\n\n## Residence and capital gains\n\nYou work out your residence status for capital gains (for example, when you sell shares or a second home) the same way as you do for income.\n\nUK residents have to pay tax on their UK and foreign gains. Non-residents have to pay tax on income, but only pay Capital Gains Tax either:\n\n- on UK property or land\n\n- if they return to the UK\n\n## Residence before April 2013\n\nThere were different rules for working out your residence status before 6 April 2013.\n\n## 'Non-domiciled' residents\n\nUK residents who have their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) outside the UK may not have to pay UK tax on foreign income.\n\nThe same rules apply if you make any foreign capital gains, for example you sell shares or a second home.\n\n## Working out your domicile\n\nYour domicile\u2019s usually the country your father considered his permanent home when you were born. It may have changed if you moved abroad and you do not intend to return.\n\nIf you need help working out which country you\u2019re domiciled in, you can:\n\n- read chapter 5 of HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019\n\n- get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser\n\nThere are additional rules for domicile and Inheritance Tax.\n\n## Tax if you\u2019re non-domiciled\n\nYou do not pay UK tax on your foreign income or gains if both the following apply:\n\n- they\u2019re less than \u00a32,000 in the tax year\n\n- you do not bring them into the UK, for example by transferring them to a UK bank account\n\nIf this applies to you, you do not need to do anything.\n\nChapter 9 in HMRC\u2019s guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019 explains the rules for bringing income or gains to the UK.\n\n## If your income is \u00a32,000 or more\n\nYou must report foreign income or gains of \u00a32,000 or more, or any money that you bring to the UK, in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- pay UK tax on them - you may be able to claim it back\n\n- claim the \u2018remittance basis\u2019\n\nClaiming the remittance basis means you only pay UK tax on the income or gains you bring to the UK, but you:\n\n- lose tax-free allowances for Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax (some \u2018dual residents\u2019 may keep them)\n\n- pay an annual charge if you\u2019ve been resident of the UK for a certain amount of time\n\nYou pay an annual charge of either:\n\n- \u00a330,000 if you\u2019ve been here for at least 7 of the previous 9 tax years\n\n- \u00a360,000 for at least 12 of the previous 14 tax years\n\nClaiming the remittance basis is complicated. You can:\n\n- contact HMRC\n\n- get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser\n\n## If you work in the UK and abroad\n\nThere are special rules if you work both in the UK and abroad.\n\nYou do not have to pay tax on foreign income or gains (even those you bring into the UK) if you get the \u2018foreign workers\u2019 exemption\u2019.\n\nYou qualify if:\n\n- your income from your overseas job is less than \u00a310,000\n\n- your other foreign income (such as bank interest) is less than \u00a3100\n\n- all your foreign income has been subject to foreign tax (even if you did not have to pay, for example because of a tax-free allowance)\n\n- your combined UK and foreign income is within the band for basic rate Income Tax\n\n- you do not need to fill in a tax return for any other reason\n\nIf you qualify, you do not need to do anything to claim.\n\n## If you\u2019re seconded to the UK\n\nYou may be able to claim Overseas Workday Relief if your employer sends you to work in the UK on secondment.\n\nIf you qualify you:\n\n- pay UK tax on UK employment income based on the number of days you\u2019ve worked here\n\n- do not pay tax on income from days you work abroad (as long as you do not bring it into the UK)\n\nAsk your employer to find out if you can claim.\n\n## Foreign students\n\nThere are special rules if you come to study in the UK.\n\n## Reporting your foreign income\n\nYou usually need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a UK resident with foreign income or capital gains. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.\n\nYou do not need to fill in a tax return if all the following apply:\n\n- your only foreign income is dividends\n\n- your total dividends - including UK dividends - are less than the \u00a32,000 dividend allowance\n\n- you have no other income to report\n\nDifferent rules may apply if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Register for Self Assessment\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.\n\nRegister now\n\n## Filling in your tax return\n\nUse the \u2018foreign\u2019 section of the tax return to record your overseas income or gains.\n\nInclude income that\u2019s already been taxed abroad to get Foreign Tax Credit Relief, if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nHMRC has guidance on how to report your foreign income or gains in your tax return in \u2018Foreign notes\u2019.\n\n## Foreign income that's taxed differently\n\nMost foreign income is taxed in the same way as UK income, but there are special rules for:\n\n- pensions\n\n- rent from property\n\n- certain types of employment income\n\n## Pensions\n\nYou have to pay tax on pensions if you\u2019re resident, or were resident in any of the 5 previous tax years.\n\nYou also pay tax on any foreign pension payments, including unauthorised payments like early payments and some lump sums.\n\nCheck with your pension provider to find out how you\u2019ll be taxed.\n\n## Rent from property\n\nYou pay tax in the normal way on overseas property. But if you rent out more than one, you can offset losses against other overseas properties.\n\n## Certain types of employment income\n\nYou usually pay tax in the normal way if you work both in the UK and abroad. There are special rules if you work:\n\n- on a ship or in the offshore gas or oil industry\n\n- for the EU or government, or as a volunteer development worker\n\n## If you're taxed twice\n\nYou may be taxed on your foreign income by the UK and by the country where your income is from.\n\nYou can usually claim tax relief to get some or all of this tax back. How you claim depends on whether your foreign income has already been taxed.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to claim relief if you\u2019re a non-resident with UK income.\n\n## Apply for tax relief before you get taxed on foreign income\n\nYou have to apply for tax relief in the country your income\u2019s from if:\n\n- the income is exempt from foreign tax but is taxed in the UK (for example, most pensions)\n\n- required by that country\u2019s double-taxation agreement\n\nAsk the foreign tax authority for a form, or apply by letter if they do not have one.\n\nBefore you apply, you must prove you\u2019re eligible for tax relief by either:\n\n- completing the form and sending it to HMRC - they\u2019ll confirm whether you\u2019re resident and send the form back to you\n\n- including a UK certificate of residence, if you\u2019re applying by letter\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got proof, send the form or letter to the foreign tax authority.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already paid tax on your foreign income\n\nYou can usually claim Foreign Tax Credit Relief when you report your overseas income in your tax return.\n\nHow much relief you get depends on the UK\u2019s \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 with the country your income\u2019s from.\n\nYou usually still get relief even if there is not an agreement, unless the foreign tax does not correspond to UK Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or a get professional tax help if you\u2019re not sure, or need help with double-taxation relief.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get back\n\nYou may not get back the full amount of foreign tax you paid. You get back less if either:\n\n- a smaller amount is set by the country\u2019s double-taxation agreement\n\n- the income would have been taxed at a lower rate in the UK\n\nHMRC has guidance on how Foreign Tax Credit Relief is calculated, including the special rules for interest and dividends in \u2018Foreign notes\u2019.\n\nYou cannot claim this relief if the UK\u2019s double-taxation agreement requires you to claim tax back from the country your income was from.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll usually pay tax in the country where you\u2019re resident and be exempt from tax in the country where you make the capital gain. You will not usually need to make a claim.\n\nYou have to pay Capital Gains Tax on UK residential property even if you\u2019re not UK resident.\n\n## When to claim relief\n\nThere are different rules if your gain comes from an asset that either:\n\n- cannot be taken out of the country, such as land or a house\n\n- you\u2019re using for business in that country\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay tax in both countries and get relief from the UK.\n\n## Dual residents\n\nYou can be resident in both the UK and another country. You\u2019ll need to check the other country\u2019s residence rules and when the tax year starts and ends.\n\nHMRC has guidance for claiming double-taxation relief if you\u2019re dual resident.\n\n## If you come to study in the UK\n\nForeign students usually do not pay UK tax on foreign income or gains, as long as they\u2019re used for course fees or living costs like:\n\n- food\n\n- rent\n\n- bills\n\n- study materials\n\nCheck that the country your income\u2019s from has a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 that covers students.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may ask you to account for your living costs if they\u2019re more than \u00a315,000 in a tax year (excluding course fees). The tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## When you need to pay tax\n\nYou may need to pay tax on your foreign income in the normal way if you:\n\n- are from a country without a double-taxation agreement for students\n\n- have other income that you do not bring to the UK\n\n- bring it to the UK and spend it on things other than living costs and course fees\n\n- plan to stay in the UK as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019)\n\n## If you work in the UK\n\nSome double-taxation agreements mean you do not pay UK tax on your income if you work while you\u2019re a student.\n\nIf your country does not have an agreement like this, you have to pay tax in the same way as others who come to live in the UK.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-foreign-income", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently moved back to the UK after spending many years in the Congo. I have a property there that I have rented out to my friend.", + "original_question": "Am I liable for tax on this rental income?" + }, + { + "id": "train-925", + "question": "Scenario: I am self employed. I have set up a direct debit for paying Class 2 national insurance. I have not received any confirmation about this.\n\nQuestion: Will I receive any confirmation for the direct debit?\n\nDocument - Pay Class 2 National Insurance if you do not pay through Self Assessment:\n## Overview\n\nYou make Class 2 National Insurance contributions if you\u2019re self-employed to qualify for benefits like the State Pension.\n\nMost people pay the contributions as part of their Self Assessment tax bill.\n\nYou cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you do not pay through Self Assessment\n\nYou do not pay through Self Assessment if you\u2019re any of the following:\n\n- an examiner, moderator, invigilator or person who set exam questions\n\n- running a businesses involving land or property\n\n- a minister of religion who does not receive a salary or stipend\n\n- living abroad and paying voluntary Class 2 contributions\n\n- a person who makes investments - but not as a business and without getting a fee or commission\n\n- a non-UK resident who\u2019s self-employed in the UK\n\n- working abroad\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a payment request by the end of October - call the newly self-employed helpline if you do not get one.\n\nPay now\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nMake sure your payment reaches HMRC by the deadline. The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can make same or next day payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- by CHAPS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\nYou can pay within 3 days by BACS.\n\nYou can pay within 21 working days by Direct Debit if you have not set one up before.\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## If you miss the deadline\n\nYou might have to pay more to fill the gap in your National Insurance record. HMRC will write to you to tell you how much you need to pay.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\n## Paying from the UK\n\nUse your online or telephone banking account to make your payment to the following HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 20 | 12001004 | HMRC NICO |\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse the 18-digit reference number shown on your HMRC payment request, when you make a payment. Do not leave any spaces between the digits.\n\nIf you do not have an 18-digit reference number you can get help from the National Insurance Helpline.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nIf you\u2019re paying from abroad, the account you pay into depends on whether you\u2019re using a UK or non-UK account.\n\n| Account type | Sort code | Account number |\n\n| UK | 20 20 48 | 30944793 |\n\n| Account type | Account number (IBAN) | Bank Identifier Code (BIC) |\n\n| Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22 |\n\nFor either account, pay to account name \u2018HMRC NIC receipts\u2019.\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019, your surname then your initial. If your bank limits you to a certain amount of characters, you should use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019 and as much of your surname as possible.\n\nIf you\u2019re an employer paying for an employee living abroad, you should use your 13-character employer number.\n\n## Banking address\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nPay at a branch by cash or cheque, along with your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) payslip.\n\nSome branches might be closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou\u2019ll find your payslip on the payment request HMRC sent you.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your Class 2 National Insurance reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip or the payment request sent to you by HMRC.\n\nIf you pay between Monday and Friday, HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still make payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking\n\n- by CHAPS or BACS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020\n\nCall HMRC if you want to check your payment has been received.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nFill in the form to set up a new Direct Debit.\n\nIf you live abroad and pay voluntary National Insurance, fill in the form at the end of leaflet NI38 instead.\n\nAllow 21 days to set up a new Direct Debit.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a letter telling you when payments will be taken and how much they will be.\n\nPayments will appear on your statement as \u2018HMRC NI-DD\u2019. HMRC will write to you if your payments change for any reason.\n\nIf you have a question about your Direct Debit payments contact National Insurance enquiries.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-2-national-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am self employed. I have set up a direct debit for paying Class 2 national insurance. I have not received any confirmation about this.", + "original_question": "Will I receive any confirmation for the direct debit?" + }, + { + "id": "train-926", + "question": "Scenario: I am council housing officer. I have been called to one of our buildings where a flat has been occupied by squatters.\n\nQuestion: Can I legally require them to leave?\n\nDocument - Squatting and the law:\n## Overview\n\nSquatting is when someone deliberately enters property without permission and lives there, or intends to live there. This is sometimes known as \u2018adverse possession\u2019.\n\nSquatting in residential buildings (like a house or flat) is illegal. It can lead to 6 months in prison, a \u00a35,000 fine or both.\n\nAnyone who originally enters a property with the permission of the landlord is not a squatter. For example, if you\u2019re renting a property and fall behind with rent payments you\u2019re not squatting if you continue to live there.\n\nAlthough squatting in non-residential building or land is not in itself a crime, it\u2019s a crime to damage the property.\n\nIt\u2019s usually a crime not to leave land or property when you\u2019re instructed to do so by:\n\n- the owner\n\n- the police\n\n- the council\n\n- a repossession order\n\n## Squatting in non-residential properties\n\nA non-residential property is any building or land that is not designed to be lived in.\n\nSimply being on another person\u2019s non-residential property without their permission is not usually a crime. The police can take action if squatters commit other crimes when entering or staying in a property.\n\nCrimes include:\n\n- causing damage when entering the property\n\n- causing damage while in the property\n\n- not leaving when they\u2019re told to by a court\n\n- stealing from the property\n\n- using utilities like electricity or gas without permission\n\n- fly-tipping\n\n- not obeying a noise abatement notice\n\nContact the police if you see someone breaking into or damaging property.\n\n## Squatters' rights to property\n\nA long-term squatter can become the registered owner of property or land they\u2019ve occupied without the owner\u2019s permission.\n\nGet legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if you\u2019re a squatter in a property and want to claim ownership.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply if you can prove:\n\n- you, or a succession of squatters, have occupied the property continuously for 10 years (12 years if it\u2019s not registered with HM Land Registry)\n\n- you (or your predecessors) acted as owners of the property for the whole of that time\n\n- you (or any of your predecessors) did not have the owner\u2019s permission, for example the property was not originally rented to a squatter\n\n## If the property\u2019s registered\n\nFill in a form for adverse possession.\n\nComplete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.\n\nSend your form and statement to the HM Land Registry Citizen Centre.\n\nHM Land Registry will decide if your application is valid and will let the property owner know. The owner has 65 days to object - your application will usually be automatically rejected if they do.\n\nYou\u2019ll be registered as the owner of the property if there\u2019s no objection.\n\nYou can apply again after 2 years if:\n\n- the owner has not tried to remove you\n\n- the property has not been reclaimed\n\n- you\u2019re still in possession of the property\n\nHM Land Registry will usually then register you as the owner.\n\n## If the property\u2019s unregistered\n\nComplete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.\n\nApply for first registration - include your statement with your application.\n\nHM Land Registry will:\n\n- inspect the property - you must pay a fee for this\n\n- decide if your application is valid\n\n- let the property owner know, if they have their details\n\nYou can try to come to an agreement with the owners if they object. HM Land Registry will arrange a tribunal to decide who owns the property if you cannot agree or do not want to.\n\nYou may have to pay the costs of the owner, such as their reasonable legal fees, no matter what the outcome.\n\n## Stop squatters legally possessing property\n\nHM Land Registry will tell you if squatters apply for legal ownership of your property if it\u2019s registered - you must take action if you want to keep it.\n\nGet legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if squatters try to claim your property.\n\nHow you block an application depends on whether your property is registered with HM Land Registry or not.\n\n## Registered properties\n\nYou\u2019ve 65 days to object to an application - HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.\n\nHM Land Registry will reject the squatters\u2019 application if you\u2019ve got a valid objection.\n\nYou must take action to remove the squatters and reclaim your property once the squatters\u2019 claim is rejected.\n\nYou will not be able to object again if you\u2019ve done nothing within 2 years of the original application and the same squatters reapply.\n\n## Unregistered properties\n\nYou can object to a squatter\u2019s application. HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.\n\nHM Land Registry may not be able to contact you if your property is not registered.\n\nHM Land Registry will decide if your objection is valid - if it is they\u2019ll ask if you want to negotiate with the squatters, for example offer to sell them the property. You\u2019ll be given time to do so.\n\nA tribunal will decide who owns the property if you cannot agree - HM Land Registry will arrange this.\n\n## Remove squatters\n\nYou can remove squatters using an interim possession order (IPO) or making a claim for possession.\n\nDo not try to remove the squatters yourself using force or the threat of force - you\u2019re committing a crime if you do.\n\nGet legal advice from a solicitor if you need help making a claim for possession.\n\n## Interim possession orders\n\nYou can only apply for an IPO if it\u2019s been 28 days or less since you found out your property\u2019s been squatted.\n\nFill in an application for an IPO and send it to your local county court.\n\nThe court will send you confirmation of your IPO within a few days. They will also send you documents that you must give to the squatters within 48 hours.\n\nAfter being served with an IPO squatters can be sent to prison if they do not:\n\n- leave your property within 24 hours\n\n- stay away from your property for 12 months\n\nTo get final possession of the property, you must make a claim for possession. You can do this on your IPO application form or separately online.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use an IPO if:\n\n- you\u2019re also making a claim for damages caused by the squatters - instead you should make an ordinary claim for possession\n\n- you\u2019re trying to evict former tenants, sub-tenants or licensees\n\n## Claim for possession\n\nMake a claim for possession if it\u2019s been more than 28 days since you found out about the squatters.\n\n## Where to get help\n\nYou may be classed as homeless if you\u2019re squatting. Get advice from Shelter or Shelter in Wales.\n\nYou can also contact your council for help.\n\n## Report squatters\n\nCall the police if you:\n\n- find people squatting in a residential property you own\n\n- see someone breaking into anywhere\n\n- think someone is squatting", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am council housing officer. I have been called to one of our buildings where a flat has been occupied by squatters.", + "original_question": "Can I legally require them to leave?" + }, + { + "id": "train-927", + "question": "Scenario: I am homeless. The weather is cold and there is an insecure and empty shop building that I have been stopping in. I quite like living there. The owner does not appear interested in the property.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply to live at this shop permanently?\n\nDocument - Squatting and the law:\n## Overview\n\nSquatting is when someone deliberately enters property without permission and lives there, or intends to live there. This is sometimes known as \u2018adverse possession\u2019.\n\nSquatting in residential buildings (like a house or flat) is illegal. It can lead to 6 months in prison, a \u00a35,000 fine or both.\n\nAnyone who originally enters a property with the permission of the landlord is not a squatter. For example, if you\u2019re renting a property and fall behind with rent payments you\u2019re not squatting if you continue to live there.\n\nAlthough squatting in non-residential building or land is not in itself a crime, it\u2019s a crime to damage the property.\n\nIt\u2019s usually a crime not to leave land or property when you\u2019re instructed to do so by:\n\n- the owner\n\n- the police\n\n- the council\n\n- a repossession order\n\n## Squatting in non-residential properties\n\nA non-residential property is any building or land that is not designed to be lived in.\n\nSimply being on another person\u2019s non-residential property without their permission is not usually a crime. The police can take action if squatters commit other crimes when entering or staying in a property.\n\nCrimes include:\n\n- causing damage when entering the property\n\n- causing damage while in the property\n\n- not leaving when they\u2019re told to by a court\n\n- stealing from the property\n\n- using utilities like electricity or gas without permission\n\n- fly-tipping\n\n- not obeying a noise abatement notice\n\nContact the police if you see someone breaking into or damaging property.\n\n## Squatters' rights to property\n\nA long-term squatter can become the registered owner of property or land they\u2019ve occupied without the owner\u2019s permission.\n\nGet legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if you\u2019re a squatter in a property and want to claim ownership.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply if you can prove:\n\n- you, or a succession of squatters, have occupied the property continuously for 10 years (12 years if it\u2019s not registered with HM Land Registry)\n\n- you (or your predecessors) acted as owners of the property for the whole of that time\n\n- you (or any of your predecessors) did not have the owner\u2019s permission, for example the property was not originally rented to a squatter\n\n## If the property\u2019s registered\n\nFill in a form for adverse possession.\n\nComplete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.\n\nSend your form and statement to the HM Land Registry Citizen Centre.\n\nHM Land Registry will decide if your application is valid and will let the property owner know. The owner has 65 days to object - your application will usually be automatically rejected if they do.\n\nYou\u2019ll be registered as the owner of the property if there\u2019s no objection.\n\nYou can apply again after 2 years if:\n\n- the owner has not tried to remove you\n\n- the property has not been reclaimed\n\n- you\u2019re still in possession of the property\n\nHM Land Registry will usually then register you as the owner.\n\n## If the property\u2019s unregistered\n\nComplete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.\n\nApply for first registration - include your statement with your application.\n\nHM Land Registry will:\n\n- inspect the property - you must pay a fee for this\n\n- decide if your application is valid\n\n- let the property owner know, if they have their details\n\nYou can try to come to an agreement with the owners if they object. HM Land Registry will arrange a tribunal to decide who owns the property if you cannot agree or do not want to.\n\nYou may have to pay the costs of the owner, such as their reasonable legal fees, no matter what the outcome.\n\n## Stop squatters legally possessing property\n\nHM Land Registry will tell you if squatters apply for legal ownership of your property if it\u2019s registered - you must take action if you want to keep it.\n\nGet legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if squatters try to claim your property.\n\nHow you block an application depends on whether your property is registered with HM Land Registry or not.\n\n## Registered properties\n\nYou\u2019ve 65 days to object to an application - HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.\n\nHM Land Registry will reject the squatters\u2019 application if you\u2019ve got a valid objection.\n\nYou must take action to remove the squatters and reclaim your property once the squatters\u2019 claim is rejected.\n\nYou will not be able to object again if you\u2019ve done nothing within 2 years of the original application and the same squatters reapply.\n\n## Unregistered properties\n\nYou can object to a squatter\u2019s application. HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.\n\nHM Land Registry may not be able to contact you if your property is not registered.\n\nHM Land Registry will decide if your objection is valid - if it is they\u2019ll ask if you want to negotiate with the squatters, for example offer to sell them the property. You\u2019ll be given time to do so.\n\nA tribunal will decide who owns the property if you cannot agree - HM Land Registry will arrange this.\n\n## Remove squatters\n\nYou can remove squatters using an interim possession order (IPO) or making a claim for possession.\n\nDo not try to remove the squatters yourself using force or the threat of force - you\u2019re committing a crime if you do.\n\nGet legal advice from a solicitor if you need help making a claim for possession.\n\n## Interim possession orders\n\nYou can only apply for an IPO if it\u2019s been 28 days or less since you found out your property\u2019s been squatted.\n\nFill in an application for an IPO and send it to your local county court.\n\nThe court will send you confirmation of your IPO within a few days. They will also send you documents that you must give to the squatters within 48 hours.\n\nAfter being served with an IPO squatters can be sent to prison if they do not:\n\n- leave your property within 24 hours\n\n- stay away from your property for 12 months\n\nTo get final possession of the property, you must make a claim for possession. You can do this on your IPO application form or separately online.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use an IPO if:\n\n- you\u2019re also making a claim for damages caused by the squatters - instead you should make an ordinary claim for possession\n\n- you\u2019re trying to evict former tenants, sub-tenants or licensees\n\n## Claim for possession\n\nMake a claim for possession if it\u2019s been more than 28 days since you found out about the squatters.\n\n## Where to get help\n\nYou may be classed as homeless if you\u2019re squatting. Get advice from Shelter or Shelter in Wales.\n\nYou can also contact your council for help.\n\n## Report squatters\n\nCall the police if you:\n\n- find people squatting in a residential property you own\n\n- see someone breaking into anywhere\n\n- think someone is squatting", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am homeless. The weather is cold and there is an insecure and empty shop building that I have been stopping in. I quite like living there. The owner does not appear interested in the property.", + "original_question": "Can I apply to live at this shop permanently?" + }, + { + "id": "train-928", + "question": "Scenario: I am renting out a house for the first time. I have accepted a deposit of \u00a31,000 from the tenant to hold the property.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to protect this deposit?\n\nDocument - Tenancy deposit protection:\n## Overview\n\nYour landlord must put your deposit in a government-approved tenancy deposit scheme (TDP) if you rent your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007. In England and Wales your deposit can be registered with:\n\n- Deposit Protection Service\n\n- MyDeposits - including deposits that were held by Capita\n\n- Tenancy Deposit Scheme\n\nIf you don\u2019t rent your home on an assured shorthold tenancy, your landlord can accept valuable items (for example a car or watch) as a deposit instead of money. The items won\u2019t be protected by a scheme.\n\nThere are separate TDP schemes in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nThey make sure you\u2019ll get your deposit back if you:\n\n- meet the terms of your tenancy agreement\n\n- don\u2019t damage the property\n\n- pay your rent and bills\n\nYour landlord or letting agent must put your deposit in the scheme within 30 days of getting it.\n\n## At the end of your tenancy\n\nYour landlord must return your deposit within 10 days of you both agreeing how much you\u2019ll get back.\n\nIf you\u2019re in a dispute with your landlord, then your deposit will be protected in the TDP scheme until the issue is sorted out.\n\n## Holding deposits\n\nYour landlord doesn\u2019t have to protect a holding deposit (money you pay to \u2018hold\u2019 a property before an agreement is signed). Once you become a tenant, the holding deposit becomes a deposit, which they must protect.\n\n## Deposits made by a third party\n\nYour landlord must use a TDP scheme even if your deposit is paid by someone else, such as a rent deposit scheme or your parents.\n\n## Information landlords must give tenants\n\nOnce your landlord has received your deposit, they have 30 days to tell you:\n\n- the address of the rented property\n\n- how much deposit you\u2019ve paid\n\n- how the deposit is protected\n\n- the name and contact details of the tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme and its dispute resolution service\n\n- their (or the letting agency\u2019s) name and contact details\n\n- the name and contact details of any third party that\u2019s paid the deposit\n\n- why they would keep some or all of the deposit\n\n- how to apply to get the deposit back\n\n- what to do if you can\u2019t get hold of the landlord at the end of the tenancy\n\n- what to do if there\u2019s a dispute over the deposit\n\n## If your landlord doesn't protect your deposit\n\nContact a tenancy deposit scheme (TDP) if you\u2019re not sure whether your deposit has been protected.\n\nContact MyDeposits if your deposit was held by Capita.\n\n## Getting your deposit back\n\nYou can apply to your local county court if you think your landlord hasn\u2019t used a TDP scheme when they should have.\n\nGet legal advice before applying to court. You do not need a solicitor to do this.\n\n## Before going to court\n\nIt can be quicker and cheaper to write to your landlord, rather than going to court.\n\nIf you cannot come to an agreement, you can apply to the court for compensation.\n\n## Apply to a county court\n\nApply using Form N208: Claim form.\n\nThe court fee is \u00a3308. You can claim this back from your landlord if you win your case.\n\nYou can apply for money off your court fee if you claim certain benefits or have a low income.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf the court finds your landlord has not protected your deposit, it can order them to either:\n\n- repay it to you\n\n- pay it into a TDP scheme\u2019s bank account within 14 days\n\nThe court may also order the landlord to pay you up to 3 times the deposit within 14 days of making the order.\n\n## At the end of the tenancy\n\nThe court may decide that you won\u2019t have to leave the property when the tenancy ends if your landlord hasn\u2019t used a TDP scheme when they should have.\n\n## Disputes and problems\n\n## If there\u2019s a dispute over a deposit\n\nYour tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme offers a free dispute resolution service if you disagree with your landlord about how much deposit should be returned.\n\nYou don\u2019t have to use the service but if you do, both you and the landlord have to agree to it. You\u2019ll both be asked to provide evidence, and the decision made about your deposit will be final.\n\n## If you can\u2019t contact the landlord\n\nYou can \u2018raise a dispute\u2019 to get your deposit back if you can\u2019t contact your landlord and your deposit is held by one of the approved TDP schemes:\n\n- MyDeposits\n\n- Tenancy Deposit Scheme\n\n- Deposit Protection Service\n\nContact MyDeposits if your deposit was held by Capita.\n\nThe TDP scheme will refund your deposit if the dispute resolution service agrees.\n\nThere may be a limit on the time you have to raise a dispute. Contact the TDP scheme as soon as possible.\n\n## If your deposit is not held by an approved TDP scheme\n\nYou may be able to apply to your local county court to get your deposit back if your deposit was not protected by an approved TDP scheme.\n\nYou should write to your landlord and your letting agent (if you have one) before you make a claim. Your landlord or agent may offer to pay your deposit back after they get a letter to avoid legal costs.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nYou can get more help and advice from:\n\n- your local Citizens Advice office\n\n- a solicitor or advice agency\n\n- Shelter in England or Shelter in Wales", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-deposit-protection", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am renting out a house for the first time. I have accepted a deposit of \u00a31,000 from the tenant to hold the property.", + "original_question": "Do I have to protect this deposit?" + }, + { + "id": "train-930", + "question": "Scenario: I am a full time employee. I would like to invest in save as you earn(SAYE) in a shares related scheme.I am aiming to do a monthly contribution of \u00a3400 for the next 5 years. I would prefer to transfer all the savings to an individual savings account(ISA).\n\nQuestion: Do i need to pay capital gain tax?\n\nDocument - Tax and Employee Share Schemes:\n## Overview\n\nIf your employer offers you company shares, you could get tax advantages, like not paying Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.\n\nTax advantages only apply if the shares are offered through the following schemes:\n\n- Share Incentive Plans\n\n- Save As You Earn (SAYE)\n\n- Company Share Option Plans\n\n- Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)\n\nYou may be offered shares outside of these schemes. However these will not have the same tax advantages.\n\nYou can also get tax advantages if you\u2019re an employee shareholder.\n\n## Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)\n\nIf you get shares through a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and keep them in the plan for 5 years you will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.\n\nYou will not pay Capital Gains Tax on shares you sell if you keep them in the plan until you sell them.\n\nIf you take them out of the plan, keep them and then sell them later on, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if their value has increased.\n\nThere are 4 ways you can get shares under SIPs.\n\n## Free shares\n\nYour employer can give you up to \u00a33,600 of free shares in any tax year.\n\n## Partnership shares\n\nYou can buy shares out of your salary before tax deductions. There\u2019s a limit to how much you can spend - either \u00a31,800 or 10% of your income for the tax year, whichever is lower.\n\n## Matching shares\n\nYour employer can give you up to 2 free matching shares for each partnership share you buy.\n\n## Dividend shares\n\nYou may be able to buy more shares with the dividends you get from free, partnership or matching shares (but only if your employer\u2019s scheme allows it).\n\nYou will not pay Income Tax if you keep the dividend shares for at least 3 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax and National Insurance on any shares you take out of a SIP early.\n\n## Save As You Earn (SAYE)\n\nThis is a savings-related share scheme where you can buy shares with your savings for a fixed price.\n\nYou can save up to \u00a3500 a month under the scheme. At the end of your savings contract (3 or 5 years) you can use the savings to buy shares.\n\nThe tax advantages are:\n\n- the interest and any bonus at the end of the scheme is tax-free\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re worth\n\nYou might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\nYou\u2019ll not pay Capital Gains Tax if you transfer the shares:\n\n- to an Individual Savings Account (ISA) within 90 days of the scheme ending\n\n- to a pension, directly from the scheme when it ends\n\nIf you do not transfer your shares to a pension immediately when the scheme ends, you can still transfer them up to 90 days later. You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if they go up in value between when you buy them and when you transfer them.\n\n## Company Share Option Plan\n\nThis gives you the option to buy up to \u00a330,000 worth of shares at a fixed price.\n\nYou will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance contributions on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re actually worth.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\n## Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)\n\nIf you work for a company with assets of \u00a330 million or less, it may be able to offer Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs).\n\nYour company can grant you share options up to the value of \u00a3250,000 in a 3-year period.\n\nYou will not have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance if you buy the shares for at least the market value they had when you were granted the option.\n\nIf you were given a discount on the market value, you\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay and what the shares were worth.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\n## Excluded activities\n\nCompanies that work in \u2018excluded activities\u2019 are not allowed to offer EMIs. Excluded activities include:\n\n- banking\n\n- farming\n\n- property development\n\n- provision of legal services\n\n- ship building\n\n## Employee shareholder shares\n\nTo be an employee shareholder, you must own shares in your employer\u2019s company that were worth at least \u00a32,000 when you got them.\n\nYou will not usually pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the first \u00a32,000 worth of employee shareholder shares you get before 1 December 2016.\n\nYou will not get tax relief if you or someone you\u2019re connected with (like a business partner, spouse or family member) have 25% or more voting rights in the company.\n\nWhen you become an employee shareholder your employer must pay for an independent expert to give advice about the terms and effects of the employee shareholder agreement. This advice not count as a taxable benefit.\n\n## Selling your shares\n\nYou might not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell shares. It depends on when you signed your employee shareholder agreement.\n\n## Before 17 March 2016\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax on shares that were worth over \u00a350,000 when you got them.\n\n## From 17 March 2016\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax on gains over \u00a3100,000 that you make during your lifetime. The \u2018gain\u2019 is the profit you make when you sell shares that have increased in value.\n\n## Transferring your shares to an ISA\n\nYou can transfer up to \u00a320,000 of employee shares into a stocks and shares Individual Savings Account (ISA) if you have shares in a:\n\n- Save As You Earn (SAYE) scheme\n\n- Share Incentive Plan (SIP)\n\nYour ISA provider must agree to the transfer.\n\nYou will not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on any gains you make on your shares if you move them to an ISA.\n\nYou must transfer your shares to your ISA within 90 days of when you took out your SIP or SAYE shares.\n\nThese shares will count towards your \u00a320,000 ISA limit. They cannot be in addition to the limit.\n\nAsk your employer or ISA provider for more information on how to transfer.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a full time employee. I would like to invest in save as you earn(SAYE) in a shares related scheme.I am aiming to do a monthly contribution of \u00a3400 for the next 5 years. I would prefer to transfer all the savings to an individual savings account(ISA).", + "original_question": "Do i need to pay capital gain tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-932", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 25 year old postgraduate student living in a small rented bedsit. I have been here for eighteen months. My landlord has just announced that he is selling up and wants me out within 28 days. I do not have anywhere else to go within my budget.\n\nQuestion: Is it legal for my landlord to do this with so little notice?\n\nDocument - Private renting for tenants: evictions:\n## Rules your landlord must follow\n\nYour landlord must follow strict procedures if they want you to leave their property, depending on the type of tenancy agreement you have and the terms of it.\n\nIf they do not, they may be guilty of illegally evicting or harassing you.\n\nYour landlord must follow different procedures to evict you in Northern Ireland and Scotland.\n\n## Rules for periodic Assured Shorthold Tenancies (ASTs)\n\nPeriodic tenancies run on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis with no fixed end date.\n\nIf you have one of these, your landlord must usually give you \u2018notice to quit\u2019 - they must do this in a certain way depending on your type of tenancy agreement and its terms.\n\n## Notice periods\n\nThere are different eviction notice periods in Wales.\n\nIn England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), the notice periods are longer.\n\nIf you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.\n\nIf you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, your landlord must have given you 6 months to leave the property\n\nIf you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.\n\nYou might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\n## If you do not leave at the end of the notice period\n\nIf you do not leave at the end of the notice period, your landlord must apply to the court for a possession order. If the court gives them a possession order and you still do not leave, they must apply for a warrant for possession - this means bailiffs can evict you from the property.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Rules for fixed-term ASTs\n\nFixed-term tenancies run for a set amount of time. Your landlord must give you notice in a certain way if you\u2019re in a fixed-term tenancy.\n\n## Notice periods\n\nThere are different eviction notice periods in Wales.\n\nIn England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.\n\nIf you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.\n\nIf you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, your landlord must have given you 6 months to leave the property\n\nIf you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, in most cases your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.\n\nYou might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\n## If you do not leave at the end of the notice period\n\nIf you refuse to leave at the end of the notice period, the rules depend on whether the fixed term has ended or not.\n\n## Eviction during the fixed term\n\nDuring the fixed term, your landlord can only evict you for certain reasons - for example:\n\n- you have not paid the rent\n\n- you\u2019re engaging in antisocial behaviour\n\n- there\u2019s a \u2018break clause\u2019 in your contract - this allows your landlord to take back the property before the end of the fixed term\n\nA possession order will not take effect until you\u2019ve been living in the property for at least 6 months.\n\n## Eviction at the end of the fixed term\n\nAt the end of the fixed term, the landlord does not need a reason to evict you. As long as they\u2019ve given you correct notice, they can apply to the court for a possession order.\n\nIf the court gives your landlord a possession order and you still do not leave, your landlord must apply for a warrant for possession - this means bailiffs can evict you from the property.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Rules for excluded tenancies or licences\n\nIf you have an excluded tenancy or licence (for example you live with your landlord), your landlord does not have to go to court to evict you.\n\nYour landlord only needs to give you \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. The notice does not have to be in writing.\n\nThere are no set rules about what\u2019s reasonable. It depends on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been living there\n\n- how often you pay the rent\n\n- whether you get on with your landlord\n\n- how quickly the landlord needs another person to move in\n\nThey can then change the locks on your rooms, even if you\u2019ve left your belongings there. However, they must give your belongings back to you.\n\nIf you do not think you\u2019ve been given enough warning to leave, contact your local council for advice. Your council can take action if your landlord has evicted you illegally.\n\nShelter has more information about eviction of excluded occupiers.\n\n## Rules for assured and regulated tenancies\n\nIf your tenancy started before 27 February 1997, you might have an assured or a regulated tenancy. Your landlord will have to follow different rules to evict you and you\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction.\n\nThere are different eviction notice periods in Wales.\n\nIn England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.\n\nIf you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been given notice on or after 29 August 2020, your landlord must give you 6 months to leave. You might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\nShelter has more information about assured tenancies and regulated tenancies.\n\nShelter Cymru has more information about assured tenancies and regulated tenancies in Wales.\n\n## Accelerated possession\n\nLandlords can sometimes evict tenants using \u2018accelerated possession\u2019. This is quicker than a normal eviction and does not usually need a court hearing.\n\nYour landlord can only do this if:\n\n- you have an assured shorthold tenancy or a statutory periodic tenancy\n\n- you have a written tenancy agreement\n\n- they\u2019ve given you the required written notice in the right form\n\n- they have not asked you to leave before the end of a fixed-term tenancy\n\nYour landlord must also tell the court if you and your dependants have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19) in a way that affects the case. For example, if you lost income because of COVID-19 which meant you were not able to pay rent.\n\nYou can only stop accelerated possession if you can prove your landlord has not followed the rules listed above.\n\n## How it works\n\nIf your landlord applies for accelerated possession, the court will send you:\n\n- a copy of your landlord\u2019s application\n\n- a \u2018defence form\u2019\n\nFill in the defence form to challenge the application or write a statement outlining your circumstances.\n\nIf your case is affected by COVID-19, include details. For example, why you lost income and were not able to pay rent.\n\nYou can get help filling in the defence form.\n\nYou must complete and return the defence form or statement to the court within 14 days of receiving it.\n\n## If your landlord applied for possession before 3 August 2020\n\nIf your landlord wants to continue with their claim for possession they must make another application to the court. You will get a copy of your landlord\u2019s application and instructions from the court on how to challenge the application.\n\n## The judge\u2019s decision\n\nA judge will decide whether to:\n\n- issue a possession order, giving your landlord the right to evict you and take possession of the property (this is normally the case)\n\n- have a court hearing (this usually only happens if the paperwork is not in order or you\u2019ve raised an important issue)\n\nEven if there\u2019s a hearing, the court can still decide to issue a possession order.\n\n## If the judge issues a possession order\n\nIf the judge makes a possession order, you\u2019ll normally have 14 or 28 days to leave the property. If this will cause you exceptional hardship, the judge may give you up to 42 days to leave.\n\nIf you do not leave at this point, your landlord can use bailiffs to evict you.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Eviction court hearings\n\nIf your landlord goes to court to evict you, there will be a \u2018possession hearing\u2019.\n\n## Before the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll know your landlord is taking you to court to evict you because you\u2019ll be sent court papers, including:\n\n- copies of \u2018claim for possession\u2019 forms\n\n- a defence form\n\n- a date for your court hearing\n\nThe defence form is your chance to say why you have rent arrears and if you disagree with what your landlord put on the \u2018claim for possession\u2019 forms. You need to return it within 14 days.\n\nYou may have to pay extra court fees if you do not provide information in the defence form and this results in a delay to your court case.\n\nIf you do not attend your court hearing, it\u2019s very likely the judge will decide you\u2019ll lose your home.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and court hearings\n\nThe court process is different because of COVID-19.\n\nYour landlord must tell the court if you and your dependants have been affected by COVID-19. For example, if you have lost income because of COVID-19, which meant you were not able to pay your rent.\n\n## During the hearing\n\nIf you have not received advice before, you can get free legal advice and representation in court on the day of the hearing. This is under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme. Contact your local council or the court where your case is being heard.\n\nIf the scheme is not available in your area, check with the court whether there are other advice services. You can also check if you can get legal aid.\n\nThe charity Shelter has information on what happens at a possession hearing.\n\n## The judge\u2019s decision\n\nThe judge could:\n\n- dismiss the court case - no order will be made and the hearing is finished\n\n- adjourn the hearing - the hearing will be delayed until later, as the judge feels a decision cannot be made on the day\n\n- make an \u2018order\u2019 - the judge will make a legal decision on what will happen\n\nThe judge will dismiss the case if there\u2019s no reason you should be evicted. This might happen if:\n\n- your landlord has not followed the correct procedure\n\n- your landlord or their representative does not attend the hearing\n\n- you\u2019ve paid any rent arrears\n\nIf the judge dismisses the case, you can stay in your home. If the landlord wants to evict you, they\u2019ll have to restart the court process from the beginning.\n\n## Types of possession order\n\nThere are several different kinds of orders a judge can make.\n\n## Order for possession (or \u2018outright possession order\u2019)\n\nThis means you must leave the property before the date given in the order.\n\nThe date will be either 14 or 28 days after your court hearing. If you\u2019re in an exceptionally difficult situation, you may be able to convince the judge to delay this for up to 6 weeks.\n\nIf you do not leave your home by the date given, your landlord can ask the court to evict you by asking for a \u2018warrant for possession\u2019. If the court gives a warrant, you\u2019ll be sent an eviction notice that gives a date when you must leave your home.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Suspended order for possession\n\nThis means if you make the payments, or obey the conditions, set out in the order, you can stay in your home. If you do not make the payments, your landlord can ask the court to evict you.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Money order\n\nThis means you have to pay the landlord the amount set out in the order. If you do not make the payments, action could be taken by the courts to recover the money, including:\n\n- deducting money from your wages or bank account\n\n- sending bailiffs to take away things you own\n\nIf you get into rent arrears after a money order has been made, your landlord can go to court again and ask for a possession order.\n\n## Possession orders with a money judgment\n\nA judge can add a money judgment to any of the possession orders. This means you owe a specific amount of money, usually made up of:\n\n- your rent arrears\n\n- court fees\n\n- your landlord\u2019s legal costs\n\nThe money judgment will not apply if you pay your arrears and the amount set out in a suspended possession order.\n\nHowever, the money judgment will apply if you do not pay the amount set out in the suspended possession order that\u2019s linked to the judgment. If you do not pay, the landlord may ask the court to carry out the instructions in the order and the judgment.\n\n## Eviction notices\n\nIf you do not leave your home by the date given in an outright possession order, your landlord can ask the court for a \u2018warrant of possession\u2019.\n\nIf the court gives a warrant, you\u2019ll be sent an eviction notice that gives a date when you must leave your home. Bailiffs can evict you after this date. The costs of evicting you will be added to the money you owe.\n\n## Changes to evictions in England and Wales because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England.\n\nIn Wales, currently you will not be evicted by bailiffs, unless there is a serious reason. Bailiffs will only enter the property if you:\n\n- are living there illegally\n\n- have been involved in antisocial behaviour\n\n## Delaying eviction\n\nYou can ask a judge to suspend the warrant at a new hearing. This means they\u2019ll delay the eviction or let you stay in your home if you can make payments again.\n\nThe judge will not automatically agree to suspend the warrant.\n\n## Applying to suspend a warrant\n\nTo apply for a suspension of a warrant, you must fill out an application notice and either send or deliver it to the county court dealing with your case.\n\nYou must tell the court you need a hearing at short notice (before your eviction date). You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of \u00a314, unless you qualify for help.\n\nPay the county court:\n\n- by phone with a debit or credit card\n\n- by post with a cheque or postal order made out to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\n- in person with cash or a debit or credit card\n\nYou can find the address and phone number for the county court online.\n\n## Asking the court to change your payments\n\nIf your circumstances change, you can ask a judge at a new hearing to change what you pay. To do this, you must fill out an application notice and either send or deliver it to the county court dealing with your case.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of \u00a3100, unless you qualify for help.\n\nPay the county court:\n\n- in person by cheque, cash, debit or credit card\n\n- by post with a cheque made out to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\n## Appealing against the decision\n\nYou can only appeal if you can show the judge made mistakes in the original possession hearing. You\u2019ll need to ask the judge for permission to appeal at the end of the original hearing.\n\nIf you get permission to appeal, you\u2019ll have to apply for an appeal hearing very soon afterwards. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of up to \u00a3140, unless you qualify for help.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get legal advice.\n\n## Contact your local council\n\nIf you\u2019re worried about becoming homeless, contact your local council for homelessness help and advice.\n\n## Harassment and illegal evictions\n\nIt\u2019s a crime for your landlord to harass you or try to force you out of a property without using proper procedures. If this happens, you may have a right to claim damages through the court.\n\n## What is harassment?\n\nHarassment can be anything a landlord does, or fails to do, that makes you feel unsafe in the property or forces you to leave.\n\nHarassment can include:\n\n- stopping services, like electricity\n\n- withholding keys, for example there are 2 tenants in a property but the landlord will only give 1 key\n\n- refusing to carry out repairs\n\n- anti-social behaviour by a landlord\u2019s agent, for example a friend of the landlord moves in next door and causes problems\n\n- threats and physical violence\n\n## Illegal eviction and tenants\u2019 rights\n\nYour landlord may be guilty of illegal eviction if you:\n\n- are not given the notice to leave the property that your landlord must give you\n\n- find the locks have been changed\n\n- are evicted without a court order\n\nEven if your landlord\u2019s property is repossessed by their mortgage lender, the lender must give you notice so you can find other accommodation.\n\nIf you have an assured, assured shorthold or regulated tenancy, they must give you:\n\n- 3 months to leave the property if you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020\n\n- 6 months to leave if you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021\n\n- 4 months to leave if you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021\n\nIn Wales, the notice period must be:\n\n- at least 6 months if they gave you notice on or after 24 July 2020\n\n- at least 3 months if they issued a section 8 notice for antisocial behaviour\n\nCitizens Advice has information on repossession by your landlord\u2019s mortgage lender.\n\n## What you can do\n\nIf you think you\u2019re being harassed or threatened with illegal eviction, or the property you rent is being repossessed, talk to your local council.\n\nIt may have someone specialising in tenant harassment issues.\n\nLocal councils can also start legal proceedings if they think there\u2019s enough evidence of harassment or illegal eviction.\n\nYou could also contact a legal adviser, a Citizens Advice office or Shelter\u2019s housing advice helpline.\n\nYour local area may also have other housing or legal advice organisations - your local council, phonebook or library should have details.\n\nIf physical violence is involved, contact the police.\n\nFor further advice, the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government has a detailed guide for tenants facing harassment and illegal eviction.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting-evictions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 25 year old postgraduate student living in a small rented bedsit. I have been here for eighteen months. My landlord has just announced that he is selling up and wants me out within 28 days. I do not have anywhere else to go within my budget.", + "original_question": "Is it legal for my landlord to do this with so little notice?" + }, + { + "id": "train-933", + "question": "Scenario: I am a landlord and I have a problem with one of my tenants, who consistently demonstrates anti social behaviour and defaults on the rent. However, they claim that they are self isolating due to Covid and therefore will not deal with me face to face.\n\nQuestion: Are my tenants legally protected from eviction due to the nature of the pandemic?\n\nDocument - Private renting for tenants: evictions:\n## Rules your landlord must follow\n\nYour landlord must follow strict procedures if they want you to leave their property, depending on the type of tenancy agreement you have and the terms of it.\n\nIf they do not, they may be guilty of illegally evicting or harassing you.\n\nYour landlord must follow different procedures to evict you in Northern Ireland and Scotland.\n\n## Rules for periodic Assured Shorthold Tenancies (ASTs)\n\nPeriodic tenancies run on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis with no fixed end date.\n\nIf you have one of these, your landlord must usually give you \u2018notice to quit\u2019 - they must do this in a certain way depending on your type of tenancy agreement and its terms.\n\n## Notice periods\n\nThere are different eviction notice periods in Wales.\n\nIn England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), the notice periods are longer.\n\nIf you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.\n\nIf you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, your landlord must have given you 6 months to leave the property\n\nIf you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.\n\nYou might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\n## If you do not leave at the end of the notice period\n\nIf you do not leave at the end of the notice period, your landlord must apply to the court for a possession order. If the court gives them a possession order and you still do not leave, they must apply for a warrant for possession - this means bailiffs can evict you from the property.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Rules for fixed-term ASTs\n\nFixed-term tenancies run for a set amount of time. Your landlord must give you notice in a certain way if you\u2019re in a fixed-term tenancy.\n\n## Notice periods\n\nThere are different eviction notice periods in Wales.\n\nIn England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.\n\nIf you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.\n\nIf you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, your landlord must have given you 6 months to leave the property\n\nIf you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, in most cases your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.\n\nYou might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\n## If you do not leave at the end of the notice period\n\nIf you refuse to leave at the end of the notice period, the rules depend on whether the fixed term has ended or not.\n\n## Eviction during the fixed term\n\nDuring the fixed term, your landlord can only evict you for certain reasons - for example:\n\n- you have not paid the rent\n\n- you\u2019re engaging in antisocial behaviour\n\n- there\u2019s a \u2018break clause\u2019 in your contract - this allows your landlord to take back the property before the end of the fixed term\n\nA possession order will not take effect until you\u2019ve been living in the property for at least 6 months.\n\n## Eviction at the end of the fixed term\n\nAt the end of the fixed term, the landlord does not need a reason to evict you. As long as they\u2019ve given you correct notice, they can apply to the court for a possession order.\n\nIf the court gives your landlord a possession order and you still do not leave, your landlord must apply for a warrant for possession - this means bailiffs can evict you from the property.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Rules for excluded tenancies or licences\n\nIf you have an excluded tenancy or licence (for example you live with your landlord), your landlord does not have to go to court to evict you.\n\nYour landlord only needs to give you \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. The notice does not have to be in writing.\n\nThere are no set rules about what\u2019s reasonable. It depends on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been living there\n\n- how often you pay the rent\n\n- whether you get on with your landlord\n\n- how quickly the landlord needs another person to move in\n\nThey can then change the locks on your rooms, even if you\u2019ve left your belongings there. However, they must give your belongings back to you.\n\nIf you do not think you\u2019ve been given enough warning to leave, contact your local council for advice. Your council can take action if your landlord has evicted you illegally.\n\nShelter has more information about eviction of excluded occupiers.\n\n## Rules for assured and regulated tenancies\n\nIf your tenancy started before 27 February 1997, you might have an assured or a regulated tenancy. Your landlord will have to follow different rules to evict you and you\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction.\n\nThere are different eviction notice periods in Wales.\n\nIn England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.\n\nIf you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been given notice on or after 29 August 2020, your landlord must give you 6 months to leave. You might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\nShelter has more information about assured tenancies and regulated tenancies.\n\nShelter Cymru has more information about assured tenancies and regulated tenancies in Wales.\n\n## Accelerated possession\n\nLandlords can sometimes evict tenants using \u2018accelerated possession\u2019. This is quicker than a normal eviction and does not usually need a court hearing.\n\nYour landlord can only do this if:\n\n- you have an assured shorthold tenancy or a statutory periodic tenancy\n\n- you have a written tenancy agreement\n\n- they\u2019ve given you the required written notice in the right form\n\n- they have not asked you to leave before the end of a fixed-term tenancy\n\nYour landlord must also tell the court if you and your dependants have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19) in a way that affects the case. For example, if you lost income because of COVID-19 which meant you were not able to pay rent.\n\nYou can only stop accelerated possession if you can prove your landlord has not followed the rules listed above.\n\n## How it works\n\nIf your landlord applies for accelerated possession, the court will send you:\n\n- a copy of your landlord\u2019s application\n\n- a \u2018defence form\u2019\n\nFill in the defence form to challenge the application or write a statement outlining your circumstances.\n\nIf your case is affected by COVID-19, include details. For example, why you lost income and were not able to pay rent.\n\nYou can get help filling in the defence form.\n\nYou must complete and return the defence form or statement to the court within 14 days of receiving it.\n\n## If your landlord applied for possession before 3 August 2020\n\nIf your landlord wants to continue with their claim for possession they must make another application to the court. You will get a copy of your landlord\u2019s application and instructions from the court on how to challenge the application.\n\n## The judge\u2019s decision\n\nA judge will decide whether to:\n\n- issue a possession order, giving your landlord the right to evict you and take possession of the property (this is normally the case)\n\n- have a court hearing (this usually only happens if the paperwork is not in order or you\u2019ve raised an important issue)\n\nEven if there\u2019s a hearing, the court can still decide to issue a possession order.\n\n## If the judge issues a possession order\n\nIf the judge makes a possession order, you\u2019ll normally have 14 or 28 days to leave the property. If this will cause you exceptional hardship, the judge may give you up to 42 days to leave.\n\nIf you do not leave at this point, your landlord can use bailiffs to evict you.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Eviction court hearings\n\nIf your landlord goes to court to evict you, there will be a \u2018possession hearing\u2019.\n\n## Before the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll know your landlord is taking you to court to evict you because you\u2019ll be sent court papers, including:\n\n- copies of \u2018claim for possession\u2019 forms\n\n- a defence form\n\n- a date for your court hearing\n\nThe defence form is your chance to say why you have rent arrears and if you disagree with what your landlord put on the \u2018claim for possession\u2019 forms. You need to return it within 14 days.\n\nYou may have to pay extra court fees if you do not provide information in the defence form and this results in a delay to your court case.\n\nIf you do not attend your court hearing, it\u2019s very likely the judge will decide you\u2019ll lose your home.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and court hearings\n\nThe court process is different because of COVID-19.\n\nYour landlord must tell the court if you and your dependants have been affected by COVID-19. For example, if you have lost income because of COVID-19, which meant you were not able to pay your rent.\n\n## During the hearing\n\nIf you have not received advice before, you can get free legal advice and representation in court on the day of the hearing. This is under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme. Contact your local council or the court where your case is being heard.\n\nIf the scheme is not available in your area, check with the court whether there are other advice services. You can also check if you can get legal aid.\n\nThe charity Shelter has information on what happens at a possession hearing.\n\n## The judge\u2019s decision\n\nThe judge could:\n\n- dismiss the court case - no order will be made and the hearing is finished\n\n- adjourn the hearing - the hearing will be delayed until later, as the judge feels a decision cannot be made on the day\n\n- make an \u2018order\u2019 - the judge will make a legal decision on what will happen\n\nThe judge will dismiss the case if there\u2019s no reason you should be evicted. This might happen if:\n\n- your landlord has not followed the correct procedure\n\n- your landlord or their representative does not attend the hearing\n\n- you\u2019ve paid any rent arrears\n\nIf the judge dismisses the case, you can stay in your home. If the landlord wants to evict you, they\u2019ll have to restart the court process from the beginning.\n\n## Types of possession order\n\nThere are several different kinds of orders a judge can make.\n\n## Order for possession (or \u2018outright possession order\u2019)\n\nThis means you must leave the property before the date given in the order.\n\nThe date will be either 14 or 28 days after your court hearing. If you\u2019re in an exceptionally difficult situation, you may be able to convince the judge to delay this for up to 6 weeks.\n\nIf you do not leave your home by the date given, your landlord can ask the court to evict you by asking for a \u2018warrant for possession\u2019. If the court gives a warrant, you\u2019ll be sent an eviction notice that gives a date when you must leave your home.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Suspended order for possession\n\nThis means if you make the payments, or obey the conditions, set out in the order, you can stay in your home. If you do not make the payments, your landlord can ask the court to evict you.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Money order\n\nThis means you have to pay the landlord the amount set out in the order. If you do not make the payments, action could be taken by the courts to recover the money, including:\n\n- deducting money from your wages or bank account\n\n- sending bailiffs to take away things you own\n\nIf you get into rent arrears after a money order has been made, your landlord can go to court again and ask for a possession order.\n\n## Possession orders with a money judgment\n\nA judge can add a money judgment to any of the possession orders. This means you owe a specific amount of money, usually made up of:\n\n- your rent arrears\n\n- court fees\n\n- your landlord\u2019s legal costs\n\nThe money judgment will not apply if you pay your arrears and the amount set out in a suspended possession order.\n\nHowever, the money judgment will apply if you do not pay the amount set out in the suspended possession order that\u2019s linked to the judgment. If you do not pay, the landlord may ask the court to carry out the instructions in the order and the judgment.\n\n## Eviction notices\n\nIf you do not leave your home by the date given in an outright possession order, your landlord can ask the court for a \u2018warrant of possession\u2019.\n\nIf the court gives a warrant, you\u2019ll be sent an eviction notice that gives a date when you must leave your home. Bailiffs can evict you after this date. The costs of evicting you will be added to the money you owe.\n\n## Changes to evictions in England and Wales because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England.\n\nIn Wales, currently you will not be evicted by bailiffs, unless there is a serious reason. Bailiffs will only enter the property if you:\n\n- are living there illegally\n\n- have been involved in antisocial behaviour\n\n## Delaying eviction\n\nYou can ask a judge to suspend the warrant at a new hearing. This means they\u2019ll delay the eviction or let you stay in your home if you can make payments again.\n\nThe judge will not automatically agree to suspend the warrant.\n\n## Applying to suspend a warrant\n\nTo apply for a suspension of a warrant, you must fill out an application notice and either send or deliver it to the county court dealing with your case.\n\nYou must tell the court you need a hearing at short notice (before your eviction date). You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of \u00a314, unless you qualify for help.\n\nPay the county court:\n\n- by phone with a debit or credit card\n\n- by post with a cheque or postal order made out to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\n- in person with cash or a debit or credit card\n\nYou can find the address and phone number for the county court online.\n\n## Asking the court to change your payments\n\nIf your circumstances change, you can ask a judge at a new hearing to change what you pay. To do this, you must fill out an application notice and either send or deliver it to the county court dealing with your case.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of \u00a3100, unless you qualify for help.\n\nPay the county court:\n\n- in person by cheque, cash, debit or credit card\n\n- by post with a cheque made out to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\n## Appealing against the decision\n\nYou can only appeal if you can show the judge made mistakes in the original possession hearing. You\u2019ll need to ask the judge for permission to appeal at the end of the original hearing.\n\nIf you get permission to appeal, you\u2019ll have to apply for an appeal hearing very soon afterwards. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of up to \u00a3140, unless you qualify for help.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get legal advice.\n\n## Contact your local council\n\nIf you\u2019re worried about becoming homeless, contact your local council for homelessness help and advice.\n\n## Harassment and illegal evictions\n\nIt\u2019s a crime for your landlord to harass you or try to force you out of a property without using proper procedures. If this happens, you may have a right to claim damages through the court.\n\n## What is harassment?\n\nHarassment can be anything a landlord does, or fails to do, that makes you feel unsafe in the property or forces you to leave.\n\nHarassment can include:\n\n- stopping services, like electricity\n\n- withholding keys, for example there are 2 tenants in a property but the landlord will only give 1 key\n\n- refusing to carry out repairs\n\n- anti-social behaviour by a landlord\u2019s agent, for example a friend of the landlord moves in next door and causes problems\n\n- threats and physical violence\n\n## Illegal eviction and tenants\u2019 rights\n\nYour landlord may be guilty of illegal eviction if you:\n\n- are not given the notice to leave the property that your landlord must give you\n\n- find the locks have been changed\n\n- are evicted without a court order\n\nEven if your landlord\u2019s property is repossessed by their mortgage lender, the lender must give you notice so you can find other accommodation.\n\nIf you have an assured, assured shorthold or regulated tenancy, they must give you:\n\n- 3 months to leave the property if you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020\n\n- 6 months to leave if you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021\n\n- 4 months to leave if you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021\n\nIn Wales, the notice period must be:\n\n- at least 6 months if they gave you notice on or after 24 July 2020\n\n- at least 3 months if they issued a section 8 notice for antisocial behaviour\n\nCitizens Advice has information on repossession by your landlord\u2019s mortgage lender.\n\n## What you can do\n\nIf you think you\u2019re being harassed or threatened with illegal eviction, or the property you rent is being repossessed, talk to your local council.\n\nIt may have someone specialising in tenant harassment issues.\n\nLocal councils can also start legal proceedings if they think there\u2019s enough evidence of harassment or illegal eviction.\n\nYou could also contact a legal adviser, a Citizens Advice office or Shelter\u2019s housing advice helpline.\n\nYour local area may also have other housing or legal advice organisations - your local council, phonebook or library should have details.\n\nIf physical violence is involved, contact the police.\n\nFor further advice, the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government has a detailed guide for tenants facing harassment and illegal eviction.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting-evictions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a landlord and I have a problem with one of my tenants, who consistently demonstrates anti social behaviour and defaults on the rent. However, they claim that they are self isolating due to Covid and therefore will not deal with me face to face.", + "original_question": "Are my tenants legally protected from eviction due to the nature of the pandemic?" + }, + { + "id": "train-934", + "question": "Scenario: I own a property in the countryside and I have been abroad for over a year. Upon my return I found out that it had been occupied by squatters without my permission. I want them to leave my property.\n\nQuestion: Can i apply for an interim possession order?\n\nDocument - Squatting and the law:\n## Overview\n\nSquatting is when someone deliberately enters property without permission and lives there, or intends to live there. This is sometimes known as \u2018adverse possession\u2019.\n\nSquatting in residential buildings (like a house or flat) is illegal. It can lead to 6 months in prison, a \u00a35,000 fine or both.\n\nAnyone who originally enters a property with the permission of the landlord is not a squatter. For example, if you\u2019re renting a property and fall behind with rent payments you\u2019re not squatting if you continue to live there.\n\nAlthough squatting in non-residential building or land is not in itself a crime, it\u2019s a crime to damage the property.\n\nIt\u2019s usually a crime not to leave land or property when you\u2019re instructed to do so by:\n\n- the owner\n\n- the police\n\n- the council\n\n- a repossession order\n\n## Squatting in non-residential properties\n\nA non-residential property is any building or land that is not designed to be lived in.\n\nSimply being on another person\u2019s non-residential property without their permission is not usually a crime. The police can take action if squatters commit other crimes when entering or staying in a property.\n\nCrimes include:\n\n- causing damage when entering the property\n\n- causing damage while in the property\n\n- not leaving when they\u2019re told to by a court\n\n- stealing from the property\n\n- using utilities like electricity or gas without permission\n\n- fly-tipping\n\n- not obeying a noise abatement notice\n\nContact the police if you see someone breaking into or damaging property.\n\n## Squatters' rights to property\n\nA long-term squatter can become the registered owner of property or land they\u2019ve occupied without the owner\u2019s permission.\n\nGet legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if you\u2019re a squatter in a property and want to claim ownership.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply if you can prove:\n\n- you, or a succession of squatters, have occupied the property continuously for 10 years (12 years if it\u2019s not registered with HM Land Registry)\n\n- you (or your predecessors) acted as owners of the property for the whole of that time\n\n- you (or any of your predecessors) did not have the owner\u2019s permission, for example the property was not originally rented to a squatter\n\n## If the property\u2019s registered\n\nFill in a form for adverse possession.\n\nComplete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.\n\nSend your form and statement to the HM Land Registry Citizen Centre.\n\nHM Land Registry will decide if your application is valid and will let the property owner know. The owner has 65 days to object - your application will usually be automatically rejected if they do.\n\nYou\u2019ll be registered as the owner of the property if there\u2019s no objection.\n\nYou can apply again after 2 years if:\n\n- the owner has not tried to remove you\n\n- the property has not been reclaimed\n\n- you\u2019re still in possession of the property\n\nHM Land Registry will usually then register you as the owner.\n\n## If the property\u2019s unregistered\n\nComplete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.\n\nApply for first registration - include your statement with your application.\n\nHM Land Registry will:\n\n- inspect the property - you must pay a fee for this\n\n- decide if your application is valid\n\n- let the property owner know, if they have their details\n\nYou can try to come to an agreement with the owners if they object. HM Land Registry will arrange a tribunal to decide who owns the property if you cannot agree or do not want to.\n\nYou may have to pay the costs of the owner, such as their reasonable legal fees, no matter what the outcome.\n\n## Stop squatters legally possessing property\n\nHM Land Registry will tell you if squatters apply for legal ownership of your property if it\u2019s registered - you must take action if you want to keep it.\n\nGet legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if squatters try to claim your property.\n\nHow you block an application depends on whether your property is registered with HM Land Registry or not.\n\n## Registered properties\n\nYou\u2019ve 65 days to object to an application - HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.\n\nHM Land Registry will reject the squatters\u2019 application if you\u2019ve got a valid objection.\n\nYou must take action to remove the squatters and reclaim your property once the squatters\u2019 claim is rejected.\n\nYou will not be able to object again if you\u2019ve done nothing within 2 years of the original application and the same squatters reapply.\n\n## Unregistered properties\n\nYou can object to a squatter\u2019s application. HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.\n\nHM Land Registry may not be able to contact you if your property is not registered.\n\nHM Land Registry will decide if your objection is valid - if it is they\u2019ll ask if you want to negotiate with the squatters, for example offer to sell them the property. You\u2019ll be given time to do so.\n\nA tribunal will decide who owns the property if you cannot agree - HM Land Registry will arrange this.\n\n## Remove squatters\n\nYou can remove squatters using an interim possession order (IPO) or making a claim for possession.\n\nDo not try to remove the squatters yourself using force or the threat of force - you\u2019re committing a crime if you do.\n\nGet legal advice from a solicitor if you need help making a claim for possession.\n\n## Interim possession orders\n\nYou can only apply for an IPO if it\u2019s been 28 days or less since you found out your property\u2019s been squatted.\n\nFill in an application for an IPO and send it to your local county court.\n\nThe court will send you confirmation of your IPO within a few days. They will also send you documents that you must give to the squatters within 48 hours.\n\nAfter being served with an IPO squatters can be sent to prison if they do not:\n\n- leave your property within 24 hours\n\n- stay away from your property for 12 months\n\nTo get final possession of the property, you must make a claim for possession. You can do this on your IPO application form or separately online.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use an IPO if:\n\n- you\u2019re also making a claim for damages caused by the squatters - instead you should make an ordinary claim for possession\n\n- you\u2019re trying to evict former tenants, sub-tenants or licensees\n\n## Claim for possession\n\nMake a claim for possession if it\u2019s been more than 28 days since you found out about the squatters.\n\n## Where to get help\n\nYou may be classed as homeless if you\u2019re squatting. Get advice from Shelter or Shelter in Wales.\n\nYou can also contact your council for help.\n\n## Report squatters\n\nCall the police if you:\n\n- find people squatting in a residential property you own\n\n- see someone breaking into anywhere\n\n- think someone is squatting", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a property in the countryside and I have been abroad for over a year. Upon my return I found out that it had been occupied by squatters without my permission. I want them to leave my property.", + "original_question": "Can i apply for an interim possession order?" + }, + { + "id": "train-935", + "question": "Scenario: My Uncle has been living on unclaimed property for 15 years. He has taken good care of it as own. Everyone thinks it's his property . He now wants to register it legally and own it.\n\nQuestion: Can he acquire rights?\n\nDocument - Squatting and the law:\n## Overview\n\nSquatting is when someone deliberately enters property without permission and lives there, or intends to live there. This is sometimes known as \u2018adverse possession\u2019.\n\nSquatting in residential buildings (like a house or flat) is illegal. It can lead to 6 months in prison, a \u00a35,000 fine or both.\n\nAnyone who originally enters a property with the permission of the landlord is not a squatter. For example, if you\u2019re renting a property and fall behind with rent payments you\u2019re not squatting if you continue to live there.\n\nAlthough squatting in non-residential building or land is not in itself a crime, it\u2019s a crime to damage the property.\n\nIt\u2019s usually a crime not to leave land or property when you\u2019re instructed to do so by:\n\n- the owner\n\n- the police\n\n- the council\n\n- a repossession order\n\n## Squatting in non-residential properties\n\nA non-residential property is any building or land that is not designed to be lived in.\n\nSimply being on another person\u2019s non-residential property without their permission is not usually a crime. The police can take action if squatters commit other crimes when entering or staying in a property.\n\nCrimes include:\n\n- causing damage when entering the property\n\n- causing damage while in the property\n\n- not leaving when they\u2019re told to by a court\n\n- stealing from the property\n\n- using utilities like electricity or gas without permission\n\n- fly-tipping\n\n- not obeying a noise abatement notice\n\nContact the police if you see someone breaking into or damaging property.\n\n## Squatters' rights to property\n\nA long-term squatter can become the registered owner of property or land they\u2019ve occupied without the owner\u2019s permission.\n\nGet legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if you\u2019re a squatter in a property and want to claim ownership.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply if you can prove:\n\n- you, or a succession of squatters, have occupied the property continuously for 10 years (12 years if it\u2019s not registered with HM Land Registry)\n\n- you (or your predecessors) acted as owners of the property for the whole of that time\n\n- you (or any of your predecessors) did not have the owner\u2019s permission, for example the property was not originally rented to a squatter\n\n## If the property\u2019s registered\n\nFill in a form for adverse possession.\n\nComplete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.\n\nSend your form and statement to the HM Land Registry Citizen Centre.\n\nHM Land Registry will decide if your application is valid and will let the property owner know. The owner has 65 days to object - your application will usually be automatically rejected if they do.\n\nYou\u2019ll be registered as the owner of the property if there\u2019s no objection.\n\nYou can apply again after 2 years if:\n\n- the owner has not tried to remove you\n\n- the property has not been reclaimed\n\n- you\u2019re still in possession of the property\n\nHM Land Registry will usually then register you as the owner.\n\n## If the property\u2019s unregistered\n\nComplete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.\n\nApply for first registration - include your statement with your application.\n\nHM Land Registry will:\n\n- inspect the property - you must pay a fee for this\n\n- decide if your application is valid\n\n- let the property owner know, if they have their details\n\nYou can try to come to an agreement with the owners if they object. HM Land Registry will arrange a tribunal to decide who owns the property if you cannot agree or do not want to.\n\nYou may have to pay the costs of the owner, such as their reasonable legal fees, no matter what the outcome.\n\n## Stop squatters legally possessing property\n\nHM Land Registry will tell you if squatters apply for legal ownership of your property if it\u2019s registered - you must take action if you want to keep it.\n\nGet legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if squatters try to claim your property.\n\nHow you block an application depends on whether your property is registered with HM Land Registry or not.\n\n## Registered properties\n\nYou\u2019ve 65 days to object to an application - HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.\n\nHM Land Registry will reject the squatters\u2019 application if you\u2019ve got a valid objection.\n\nYou must take action to remove the squatters and reclaim your property once the squatters\u2019 claim is rejected.\n\nYou will not be able to object again if you\u2019ve done nothing within 2 years of the original application and the same squatters reapply.\n\n## Unregistered properties\n\nYou can object to a squatter\u2019s application. HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.\n\nHM Land Registry may not be able to contact you if your property is not registered.\n\nHM Land Registry will decide if your objection is valid - if it is they\u2019ll ask if you want to negotiate with the squatters, for example offer to sell them the property. You\u2019ll be given time to do so.\n\nA tribunal will decide who owns the property if you cannot agree - HM Land Registry will arrange this.\n\n## Remove squatters\n\nYou can remove squatters using an interim possession order (IPO) or making a claim for possession.\n\nDo not try to remove the squatters yourself using force or the threat of force - you\u2019re committing a crime if you do.\n\nGet legal advice from a solicitor if you need help making a claim for possession.\n\n## Interim possession orders\n\nYou can only apply for an IPO if it\u2019s been 28 days or less since you found out your property\u2019s been squatted.\n\nFill in an application for an IPO and send it to your local county court.\n\nThe court will send you confirmation of your IPO within a few days. They will also send you documents that you must give to the squatters within 48 hours.\n\nAfter being served with an IPO squatters can be sent to prison if they do not:\n\n- leave your property within 24 hours\n\n- stay away from your property for 12 months\n\nTo get final possession of the property, you must make a claim for possession. You can do this on your IPO application form or separately online.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use an IPO if:\n\n- you\u2019re also making a claim for damages caused by the squatters - instead you should make an ordinary claim for possession\n\n- you\u2019re trying to evict former tenants, sub-tenants or licensees\n\n## Claim for possession\n\nMake a claim for possession if it\u2019s been more than 28 days since you found out about the squatters.\n\n## Where to get help\n\nYou may be classed as homeless if you\u2019re squatting. Get advice from Shelter or Shelter in Wales.\n\nYou can also contact your council for help.\n\n## Report squatters\n\nCall the police if you:\n\n- find people squatting in a residential property you own\n\n- see someone breaking into anywhere\n\n- think someone is squatting", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Uncle has been living on unclaimed property for 15 years. He has taken good care of it as own. Everyone thinks it's his property . He now wants to register it legally and own it.", + "original_question": "Can he acquire rights?" + }, + { + "id": "train-937", + "question": "Scenario: I am a farmer and practice commercial food farming and supply food produce to a nearby fruit processing company . They have overdue debts of \u00a33000 and my efforts to resend overdue invoices have been fruitless. Its now a month since i issued a formal demand but they have not responded.\n\nQuestion: Can i serve the winding up?\n\nDocument - Make and serve a statutory demand, or challenge one:\n## When you can make a statutory demand\n\nYou can make a statutory demand to ask for payment of a debt from an individual or company.\n\nAnyone who\u2019s owed money (the \u2018creditor\u2019) can make a statutory demand. You do not need a lawyer.\n\nIf the debt\u2019s over 6 years old, you cannot usually make a statutory demand. You can get legal advice instead.\n\nThere may be faster ways of getting smaller debts paid than making a statutory demand.\n\nWhen the individual or company that owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) receives a statutory demand, they have 21 days to either:\n\n- pay the debt\n\n- reach an agreement to pay\n\nYou can apply to bankrupt your debtor or close (\u2018wind up\u2019) their company if they do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.\n\n## Statutory demand forms\n\nChoose the form you need, fill it in and deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) it to the individual or company that owes you money.\n\nYou do not need to send a separate letter.\n\n## Serve a demand on an individual (including partners in a partnership)\n\nWhich form you need depends on whether you\u2019re collecting a debt that\u2019s:\n\n- payable now\n\n- payable now following a judgment or court order\n\n- payable in the future, if you think they will not be able to pay the debt when they need to\n\nIf you\u2019re serving a demand on a business partnership, you need to download and fill in a form for each partner.\n\n## Serve a demand on a limited company\n\nUse statutory demand form SD 1.\n\n## If you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nYou must use a different form to make a statutory demand in Scotland.\n\n## How to serve a statutory demand\n\nYou must deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) the statutory demand form by:\n\n- giving it to the individual who owes you money (you should try all their known addresses)\n\n- leaving it at the registered office of the company or partnership that owes money (or the main place of business if they do not have a registered office)\n\n- giving it to the company\u2019s director, company secretary, manager or principal officer\n\n- get a \u2018process server\u2019 to serve it for you (a solicitor can arrange this)\n\nYou can only send it by registered post or put it through a letterbox if it cannot be delivered in person.\n\n## Records you must keep\n\nYou must keep a copy of the statutory demand and anything that confirms:\n\n- the time and date you served the statutory demand, for example a postage receipt or confirmation from your process server\n\n- the debtor has received the statutory demand\n\nYou\u2019ll need this information if your demand is ignored.\n\n## If your demand is ignored\n\nIf your debtor does not pay the debt or agree to your statutory demand within 21 days, you can:\n\n- start bankruptcy proceedings against any individuals who owe you \u00a35,000 or more\n\n- wind up a company that owes you \u00a3750 or more\n\nYou have 4 months to apply to bankrupt or wind up your debtor. If you\u2019re late, explain why to the court named on the statutory demand.\n\n## Serve a statutory demand abroad\n\nGet legal help if you want to serve a statutory demand in another country.\n\nYou need to serve a statutory demand according to local laws but also according to the UK rules.\n\n## Challenge a statutory demand\n\nIf you do not agree with a statutory demand you\u2019ve been given, you can apply to challenge it and get it \u2018set aside\u2019.\n\nYou can be made bankrupt or your company wound up if you ignore a statutory demand.\n\nYou must apply to the court named on your statutory demand. Contact a solicitor or your nearest county court if you\u2019re not sure where to send your application.\n\nYou cannot challenge a statutory demand if it was served on a company. You can apply to stop your creditors from winding up your company instead.\n\nAny bankruptcy petitions the creditor has already filed against you will usually be suspended until the court reaches a decision.\n\nThe court will not usually set aside a statutory demand if it was served on you following the judgment of another court unless, for example:\n\n- you think the creditor owes you the same amount as your debt, or more\n\n- the amount on the statutory demand is secured\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou must apply to challenge the statutory demand within either:\n\n- 18 days if you were in the UK when you got the statutory demand\n\n- 21 to 34 days if you were in another country when you got the statutory demand - check the table of countries for specific deadlines\n\nIf the deadline is during a weekend or on a bank holiday, you have until the next day the court is open to apply.\n\nYou might be able to get an extension in some circumstances - contact the court to find out what these are.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in form IAA.\n\nMake 3 copies of the completed form and either post them to the court named on your statutory demand or give them to the court in person.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll usually hear back from the court within 10 working days of applying.\n\nIf the court does not agree with your application, it can give the creditor permission to issue a bankruptcy petition against you.\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, your case will be passed on to a bankruptcy registrar. They\u2019ll look at your case and arrange a hearing.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nBoth sides will present their case to a registrar or judge. They\u2019ll either make a decision then, or ask you and the other party to give more evidence at another hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision at the end of the final hearing.\n\nIf you win your case, you\u2019ll get an order from the court setting aside the statutory demand. The deadline for paying the debt will be suspended.\n\nIf you lose, you\u2019ll have to pay back your debt within the 21 day time limit. The creditor can apply to bankrupt you if you do not pay in time and your debt is \u00a35,000 or more.\n\nDo not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\n## Contact the Insolvency Service\n\nUse the contact form to contact the Insolvency Service about delivering and challenging a statutory demand.\n\nYou cannot currently contact the Insolvency Service by telephone because of coronavirus (COVID-19).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a farmer and practice commercial food farming and supply food produce to a nearby fruit processing company . They have overdue debts of \u00a33000 and my efforts to resend overdue invoices have been fruitless. Its now a month since i issued a formal demand but they have not responded.", + "original_question": "Can i serve the winding up?" + }, + { + "id": "train-938", + "question": "Scenario: I want to sell my property. The purchase price of this property was \u00a3150,000. The price I want to sell it at would be \u00a3250,000.\n\nQuestion: Would the difference of \u00a3100,000 be the amount that will be liable to capital gains tax?\n\nDocument - Tax when you sell property:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:\n\n- buy-to-let properties\n\n- business premises\n\n- land\n\n- inherited property\n\nThere are different rules if you:\n\n- sell your home\n\n- live abroad\n\n- are a company registered abroad\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## When you do not pay\n\nYou do not usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou may get tax relief if the property is a business asset.\n\nIf the property was occupied by a dependent relative you may not have to pay. Find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief.\n\n## If you need to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your property and the amount you got when you sold (or \u2018disposed of\u2019) it.\n\nIf your combined capital gains are over your allowance for the year you\u2019ll have to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\n## Market value\n\nIn some situations you should use the market value of the property when working out your gain. Do this if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited it (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\n## Selling in special circumstances\n\nThere are special rules for calculating your gain if:\n\n- you live abroad\n\n- you sell a lease or part of your land\n\n- your property is compulsorily purchased\n\n## Jointly owned property\n\nIf you own property jointly with other people, work out the gain for the share that you own.\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:\n\n- estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees\n\n- costs of improvement works, for example for an extension (normal maintenance costs, such as decorating, do not count)\n\n## Reliefs\n\nYou may get tax relief if the property was:\n\n- your home\n\n- a business asset\n\n- occupied by a dependent relative - find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nOnce you know what your gain on the property is, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou cannot use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold land\n\n- sold business premises\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares\n\n- reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own\n\n- claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax on property\n\n## If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\n## Businesses\n\nYou may get tax relief if you sell property that you use for business. This may reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you pay.\n\nIf the purpose of your business is to buy and sell property (you\u2019re a property developer, for example) you do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell a property. Instead, you pay:\n\n- Income Tax - if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner\n\n- Corporation Tax - if you\u2019re a limited company\n\nThere are special rules for limited companies that dispose of a single residential property worth more than \u00a32 million.\n\n## Selling overseas property\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax when you \u2018dispose of\u2019 overseas property if you\u2019re resident in the UK.\n\nThere are special rules if you\u2019re resident in the UK but your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\nYou may also have to pay tax in the country you made the gain. If you\u2019re taxed twice, you may be able to claim relief.\n\n## If you\u2019re non-resident\n\nNon-residents may have to pay UK tax on overseas property if they return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to sell my property. The purchase price of this property was \u00a3150,000. The price I want to sell it at would be \u00a3250,000.", + "original_question": "Would the difference of \u00a3100,000 be the amount that will be liable to capital gains tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-939", + "question": "Scenario: I am selling a piece of property as part of my main course of business. This will be sold for \u00a3300,000. The business buys and sells property.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to pay capital gains tax on these property sales?\n\nDocument - Tax when you sell property:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:\n\n- buy-to-let properties\n\n- business premises\n\n- land\n\n- inherited property\n\nThere are different rules if you:\n\n- sell your home\n\n- live abroad\n\n- are a company registered abroad\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## When you do not pay\n\nYou do not usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou may get tax relief if the property is a business asset.\n\nIf the property was occupied by a dependent relative you may not have to pay. Find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief.\n\n## If you need to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your property and the amount you got when you sold (or \u2018disposed of\u2019) it.\n\nIf your combined capital gains are over your allowance for the year you\u2019ll have to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\n## Market value\n\nIn some situations you should use the market value of the property when working out your gain. Do this if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited it (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\n## Selling in special circumstances\n\nThere are special rules for calculating your gain if:\n\n- you live abroad\n\n- you sell a lease or part of your land\n\n- your property is compulsorily purchased\n\n## Jointly owned property\n\nIf you own property jointly with other people, work out the gain for the share that you own.\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:\n\n- estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees\n\n- costs of improvement works, for example for an extension (normal maintenance costs, such as decorating, do not count)\n\n## Reliefs\n\nYou may get tax relief if the property was:\n\n- your home\n\n- a business asset\n\n- occupied by a dependent relative - find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nOnce you know what your gain on the property is, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou cannot use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold land\n\n- sold business premises\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares\n\n- reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own\n\n- claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax on property\n\n## If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\n## Businesses\n\nYou may get tax relief if you sell property that you use for business. This may reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you pay.\n\nIf the purpose of your business is to buy and sell property (you\u2019re a property developer, for example) you do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell a property. Instead, you pay:\n\n- Income Tax - if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner\n\n- Corporation Tax - if you\u2019re a limited company\n\nThere are special rules for limited companies that dispose of a single residential property worth more than \u00a32 million.\n\n## Selling overseas property\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax when you \u2018dispose of\u2019 overseas property if you\u2019re resident in the UK.\n\nThere are special rules if you\u2019re resident in the UK but your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\nYou may also have to pay tax in the country you made the gain. If you\u2019re taxed twice, you may be able to claim relief.\n\n## If you\u2019re non-resident\n\nNon-residents may have to pay UK tax on overseas property if they return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am selling a piece of property as part of my main course of business. This will be sold for \u00a3300,000. The business buys and sells property.", + "original_question": "Do I need to pay capital gains tax on these property sales?" + }, + { + "id": "train-940", + "question": "Scenario: My brother is a UK citizen. He moved to Spain 3 years ago and lives there. He has no intentions of returning back to the UK. He has rental properties where he earns his income.\n\nQuestion: Is he supposed to pay taxes in the UK?\n\nDocument - Tax on foreign income:\n## Overview\n\nYou may need to pay UK Income Tax on your foreign income, such as:\n\n- wages if you work abroad\n\n- foreign investment income, for example dividends and savings interest\n\n- rental income on overseas property\n\n- income from pensions held overseas\n\nForeign income is anything from outside England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are classed as foreign.\n\n## Working out if you need to pay\n\nWhether you need to pay depends on if you\u2019re classed as \u2018resident\u2019 in the UK for tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re not UK resident, you will not have to pay UK tax on your foreign income.\n\nIf you\u2019re UK resident, you\u2019ll normally pay tax on your foreign income. But you may not have to if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Reporting foreign income\n\nIf you need to pay tax, you usually report your foreign income in a Self Assessment tax return. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.\n\n## If your income is taxed in more than one country\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief if you\u2019re taxed in more than one country.\n\nIf you\u2019ve not yet paid tax on the foreign income, you may need to apply for a certificate of residence to prove you\u2019re eligible for relief.\n\n## UK residence and tax\n\nYour UK residence status affects whether you need to pay tax in the UK on your foreign income.\n\nNon-residents only pay tax on their UK income - they do not pay UK tax on their foreign income.\n\nResidents normally pay UK tax on all their income, whether it\u2019s from the UK or abroad. But there are special rules for UK residents whose permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Work out your residence status\n\nWhether you\u2019re UK resident usually depends on how many days you spend in the UK in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).\n\nYou\u2019re automatically resident if either:\n\n- you spent 183 or more days in the UK in the tax year\n\n- your only home was in the UK - you must have owned, rented or lived in it for at least 91 days in total - and you spent at least 30 days there in the tax year\n\nYou\u2019re automatically non-resident if either:\n\n- you spent fewer than 16 days in the UK (or 46 days if you have not been classed as UK resident for the 3 previous tax years)\n\n- you work abroad full-time (averaging at least 35 hours a week) and spent fewer than 91 days in the UK, of which no more than 30 were spent working\n\n## Get help\n\nIf your situation\u2019s more complicated or you need to confirm your status, you can:\n\n- read HMRC\u2019s guidance on the Statutory Residence Test\n\n- get professional tax help\n\n## Your residence status when you move\n\nWhen you move in or out of the UK, the tax year is usually split into 2 - a non-resident part and a resident part. This means you only pay UK tax on foreign income based on the time you were living here.\n\nThis is called \u2018split-year treatment\u2019.\n\nYou will not get split-year treatment if you live abroad for less than a full tax year before returning to the UK. You also need to meet other conditions.\n\nTo find out if you qualify and see which split-year treatment \u2018case\u2019 you\u2019ll need to mention on your Self Assessment tax return, you can:\n\n- read chapter 5 of HMRC\u2019s guidance note on the Statutory Residence Test\n\n- contact HMRC\n\n## If your situation changes\n\nYour status can change from one tax year to the next. Check your status if your situation changes, for example:\n\n- you spend more or less time in the UK\n\n- you buy or sell a home in the UK\n\n- you change your job\n\n- your family moves in or out of the UK, or you get married, separate or have children\n\n## Residence and capital gains\n\nYou work out your residence status for capital gains (for example, when you sell shares or a second home) the same way as you do for income.\n\nUK residents have to pay tax on their UK and foreign gains. Non-residents have to pay tax on income, but only pay Capital Gains Tax either:\n\n- on UK property or land\n\n- if they return to the UK\n\n## Residence before April 2013\n\nThere were different rules for working out your residence status before 6 April 2013.\n\n## 'Non-domiciled' residents\n\nUK residents who have their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) outside the UK may not have to pay UK tax on foreign income.\n\nThe same rules apply if you make any foreign capital gains, for example you sell shares or a second home.\n\n## Working out your domicile\n\nYour domicile\u2019s usually the country your father considered his permanent home when you were born. It may have changed if you moved abroad and you do not intend to return.\n\nIf you need help working out which country you\u2019re domiciled in, you can:\n\n- read chapter 5 of HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019\n\n- get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser\n\nThere are additional rules for domicile and Inheritance Tax.\n\n## Tax if you\u2019re non-domiciled\n\nYou do not pay UK tax on your foreign income or gains if both the following apply:\n\n- they\u2019re less than \u00a32,000 in the tax year\n\n- you do not bring them into the UK, for example by transferring them to a UK bank account\n\nIf this applies to you, you do not need to do anything.\n\nChapter 9 in HMRC\u2019s guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019 explains the rules for bringing income or gains to the UK.\n\n## If your income is \u00a32,000 or more\n\nYou must report foreign income or gains of \u00a32,000 or more, or any money that you bring to the UK, in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- pay UK tax on them - you may be able to claim it back\n\n- claim the \u2018remittance basis\u2019\n\nClaiming the remittance basis means you only pay UK tax on the income or gains you bring to the UK, but you:\n\n- lose tax-free allowances for Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax (some \u2018dual residents\u2019 may keep them)\n\n- pay an annual charge if you\u2019ve been resident of the UK for a certain amount of time\n\nYou pay an annual charge of either:\n\n- \u00a330,000 if you\u2019ve been here for at least 7 of the previous 9 tax years\n\n- \u00a360,000 for at least 12 of the previous 14 tax years\n\nClaiming the remittance basis is complicated. You can:\n\n- contact HMRC\n\n- get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser\n\n## If you work in the UK and abroad\n\nThere are special rules if you work both in the UK and abroad.\n\nYou do not have to pay tax on foreign income or gains (even those you bring into the UK) if you get the \u2018foreign workers\u2019 exemption\u2019.\n\nYou qualify if:\n\n- your income from your overseas job is less than \u00a310,000\n\n- your other foreign income (such as bank interest) is less than \u00a3100\n\n- all your foreign income has been subject to foreign tax (even if you did not have to pay, for example because of a tax-free allowance)\n\n- your combined UK and foreign income is within the band for basic rate Income Tax\n\n- you do not need to fill in a tax return for any other reason\n\nIf you qualify, you do not need to do anything to claim.\n\n## If you\u2019re seconded to the UK\n\nYou may be able to claim Overseas Workday Relief if your employer sends you to work in the UK on secondment.\n\nIf you qualify you:\n\n- pay UK tax on UK employment income based on the number of days you\u2019ve worked here\n\n- do not pay tax on income from days you work abroad (as long as you do not bring it into the UK)\n\nAsk your employer to find out if you can claim.\n\n## Foreign students\n\nThere are special rules if you come to study in the UK.\n\n## Reporting your foreign income\n\nYou usually need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a UK resident with foreign income or capital gains. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.\n\nYou do not need to fill in a tax return if all the following apply:\n\n- your only foreign income is dividends\n\n- your total dividends - including UK dividends - are less than the \u00a32,000 dividend allowance\n\n- you have no other income to report\n\nDifferent rules may apply if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Register for Self Assessment\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.\n\nRegister now\n\n## Filling in your tax return\n\nUse the \u2018foreign\u2019 section of the tax return to record your overseas income or gains.\n\nInclude income that\u2019s already been taxed abroad to get Foreign Tax Credit Relief, if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nHMRC has guidance on how to report your foreign income or gains in your tax return in \u2018Foreign notes\u2019.\n\n## Foreign income that's taxed differently\n\nMost foreign income is taxed in the same way as UK income, but there are special rules for:\n\n- pensions\n\n- rent from property\n\n- certain types of employment income\n\n## Pensions\n\nYou have to pay tax on pensions if you\u2019re resident, or were resident in any of the 5 previous tax years.\n\nYou also pay tax on any foreign pension payments, including unauthorised payments like early payments and some lump sums.\n\nCheck with your pension provider to find out how you\u2019ll be taxed.\n\n## Rent from property\n\nYou pay tax in the normal way on overseas property. But if you rent out more than one, you can offset losses against other overseas properties.\n\n## Certain types of employment income\n\nYou usually pay tax in the normal way if you work both in the UK and abroad. There are special rules if you work:\n\n- on a ship or in the offshore gas or oil industry\n\n- for the EU or government, or as a volunteer development worker\n\n## If you're taxed twice\n\nYou may be taxed on your foreign income by the UK and by the country where your income is from.\n\nYou can usually claim tax relief to get some or all of this tax back. How you claim depends on whether your foreign income has already been taxed.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to claim relief if you\u2019re a non-resident with UK income.\n\n## Apply for tax relief before you get taxed on foreign income\n\nYou have to apply for tax relief in the country your income\u2019s from if:\n\n- the income is exempt from foreign tax but is taxed in the UK (for example, most pensions)\n\n- required by that country\u2019s double-taxation agreement\n\nAsk the foreign tax authority for a form, or apply by letter if they do not have one.\n\nBefore you apply, you must prove you\u2019re eligible for tax relief by either:\n\n- completing the form and sending it to HMRC - they\u2019ll confirm whether you\u2019re resident and send the form back to you\n\n- including a UK certificate of residence, if you\u2019re applying by letter\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got proof, send the form or letter to the foreign tax authority.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already paid tax on your foreign income\n\nYou can usually claim Foreign Tax Credit Relief when you report your overseas income in your tax return.\n\nHow much relief you get depends on the UK\u2019s \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 with the country your income\u2019s from.\n\nYou usually still get relief even if there is not an agreement, unless the foreign tax does not correspond to UK Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or a get professional tax help if you\u2019re not sure, or need help with double-taxation relief.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get back\n\nYou may not get back the full amount of foreign tax you paid. You get back less if either:\n\n- a smaller amount is set by the country\u2019s double-taxation agreement\n\n- the income would have been taxed at a lower rate in the UK\n\nHMRC has guidance on how Foreign Tax Credit Relief is calculated, including the special rules for interest and dividends in \u2018Foreign notes\u2019.\n\nYou cannot claim this relief if the UK\u2019s double-taxation agreement requires you to claim tax back from the country your income was from.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll usually pay tax in the country where you\u2019re resident and be exempt from tax in the country where you make the capital gain. You will not usually need to make a claim.\n\nYou have to pay Capital Gains Tax on UK residential property even if you\u2019re not UK resident.\n\n## When to claim relief\n\nThere are different rules if your gain comes from an asset that either:\n\n- cannot be taken out of the country, such as land or a house\n\n- you\u2019re using for business in that country\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay tax in both countries and get relief from the UK.\n\n## Dual residents\n\nYou can be resident in both the UK and another country. You\u2019ll need to check the other country\u2019s residence rules and when the tax year starts and ends.\n\nHMRC has guidance for claiming double-taxation relief if you\u2019re dual resident.\n\n## If you come to study in the UK\n\nForeign students usually do not pay UK tax on foreign income or gains, as long as they\u2019re used for course fees or living costs like:\n\n- food\n\n- rent\n\n- bills\n\n- study materials\n\nCheck that the country your income\u2019s from has a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 that covers students.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may ask you to account for your living costs if they\u2019re more than \u00a315,000 in a tax year (excluding course fees). The tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## When you need to pay tax\n\nYou may need to pay tax on your foreign income in the normal way if you:\n\n- are from a country without a double-taxation agreement for students\n\n- have other income that you do not bring to the UK\n\n- bring it to the UK and spend it on things other than living costs and course fees\n\n- plan to stay in the UK as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019)\n\n## If you work in the UK\n\nSome double-taxation agreements mean you do not pay UK tax on your income if you work while you\u2019re a student.\n\nIf your country does not have an agreement like this, you have to pay tax in the same way as others who come to live in the UK.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-foreign-income", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother is a UK citizen. He moved to Spain 3 years ago and lives there. He has no intentions of returning back to the UK. He has rental properties where he earns his income.", + "original_question": "Is he supposed to pay taxes in the UK?" + }, + { + "id": "train-943", + "question": "Scenario: My partner and I live in a semi detached house and both ourselves and our neighbours are home owners. I want to do some plastering work on an inside wall. This will not physically affect our neighbours but will be rather noisy\n\nQuestion: Are we obliged to inform our neighbours about the pending work and can they stop it?\n\nDocument - Party walls and building work:\n## Overview\n\nYou must tell your neighbours if you want to carry out any building work near or on your shared property boundary, or \u2018party wall\u2019, in England and Wales.\n\nParty walls stand on the land of 2 or more owners and either:\n\n- form part of a building\n\n- don\u2019t form part of a building, such as a garden wall (not wooden fences)\n\nWalls on one owner\u2019s land used by other owners (2 or more) to separate their buildings are also party walls.\n\n## Party structures\n\nYou can also have a \u2018party structure\u2019. This could be a floor or other structure that separates buildings or parts of buildings with different owners, eg flats.\n\nParty wall agreements are different from planning permission or building regulations approval.\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Work you must tell your neighbour about\n\nYou must tell your neighbour if you want to:\n\n- build on or at the boundary of your 2 properties\n\n- work on an existing party wall or party structure\n\n- dig below and near to the foundation level of their property\n\nExamples of this type of work include:\n\n- building a new wall\n\n- cutting into a party wall\n\n- making a party wall taller, shorter or deeper\n\n- removing chimneys from a party wall\n\n- knocking down and rebuilding a party wall\n\nFind more details of work you need to tell your neighbour about in the party wall explanatory booklet.\n\nYour neighbours can\u2019t stop you from making changes to your property that are within the law, but they can affect how and when your works are carried out.\n\n## What you don\u2019t need to tell them about\n\nYou don\u2019t need to tell your neighbour about minor changes, eg plastering, adding or replacing electrical wiring or sockets, or drilling to put up shelves or cabinets.\n\n## When and how to tell them\n\nYou must give notice to your neighbour between 2 months and a year before you plan to start building works. Include what you plan on doing.\n\nYou can speak to your neighbour to explain the work you want to carry out, before giving notice in writing.\n\nFind letter templates and more information on giving notice in the party wall explanatory booklet.\n\nAny agreement you reach should be in writing.\n\n## Reaching an agreement with your neighbours\n\nOnce you\u2019ve given notice your neighbour can:\n\n- give consent in writing\n\n- refuse consent, which will start the dispute resolution process\n\n- serve a counter notice requesting additional works be done at the same time (they\u2019ll have to pay for these if they benefit from the works)\n\nYour neighbour must let you know in writing within 14 days if they consent to your notice, and you must do the same with any counter notice. A counter notice must be served within a month of the first notice.\n\nFind examples of counter notice letters in the party wall booklet.\n\nYour neighbours need to respond to the notice. You can\u2019t assume that no response means they agree to the works.\n\nThe dispute resolution process will also start if they don\u2019t respond to your notice within the given time.\n\n## Who pays for the work\n\nYou need to pay for any building works that you start on a party wall.\n\nYour neighbour may have to meet a share of the cost if the work needs to be done because of defects or lack of repair. They will also need to pay if they ask for additional works to be done that will benefit them.\n\nAn appointed surveyor will set out who pays what if you can\u2019t agree.\n\n## If you can't agree\n\nYou must appoint a surveyor if you and your neighbour can\u2019t agree. You can appoint a surveyor together or each appoint your own. The surveyors will then agree on a \u2018party wall award\u2019.\n\nThis is a legal document which says:\n\n- what work should happen\n\n- how and when it will be carried out\n\n- who will pay for which part and how much will be paid (including surveyor\u2019s fees)\n\nYou can\u2019t act as your own surveyor.\n\n## If your neighbour doesn\u2019t appoint a surveyor\n\nYou can appoint a surveyor on behalf of your neighbour if they refuse or fail to do so themselves.\n\n## If you don\u2019t agree with the award\n\nYou can appeal against an award at a county court within 14 days of receiving it. You need to file an appellant\u2019s notice in a county court, explaining why you\u2019re appealing.\n\n## When works begin\n\nWhen carrying out building works you must:\n\n- avoid causing unnecessary inconvenience\n\n- protect your neighbour\u2019s property from damage caused by the works, and fix or pay for any damage that is caused\n\n## Access to your neighbour\u2019s property\n\nYour neighbour must allow surveyors and workmen access to their property during usual working hours to carry out the building works. They must be given 14 days\u2019 notice except in an emergency.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/party-walls-building-works", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner and I live in a semi detached house and both ourselves and our neighbours are home owners. I want to do some plastering work on an inside wall. This will not physically affect our neighbours but will be rather noisy", + "original_question": "Are we obliged to inform our neighbours about the pending work and can they stop it?" + }, + { + "id": "train-945", + "question": "Scenario: Good evening. I run a small market stall, have a turn over of less that \u00a3150,000 pa. I have heard about VAT flat rate scheme.\n\nQuestion: Can I join the scheme online?\n\nDocument - VAT Flat Rate Scheme:\n## Overview\n\nThe amount of VAT a business pays or claims back from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually the difference between the VAT charged by the business to customers and the VAT the business pays on their own purchases.\n\nWith the Flat Rate Scheme:\n\n- you pay a fixed rate of VAT to HMRC\n\n- you keep the difference between what you charge your customers and pay to HMRC\n\n- you cannot reclaim the VAT on your purchases - except for certain capital assets over \u00a32,000\n\nTo join the scheme your VAT turnover must be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT), and you must apply to HMRC.\n\nTalk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Flat Rate Scheme is right for you.\n\n## Join or leave the scheme\n\nYou must be eligible to join the scheme.\n\n## How to join\n\nYou can join the scheme online when you register for VAT.\n\nYou can also fill in VAT600 FRS and either:\n\n- email it to frsapplications.vrs@hmrc.gsi.gov.uk\n\n- send it by post\n\nDo not use the address on the form - send it to the following address instead.\n\nUse VAT600 AA/FRS to apply for the Annual Accounting Scheme at the same time.\n\nYou\u2019ll get confirmation you\u2019ve joined the scheme through your VAT online account (or in the post if you do not apply online).\n\n## How to leave\n\nYou can choose to leave the scheme at any time. You must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it.\n\nTo leave, write to HMRC and they will confirm your leaving date.\n\nYou must wait 12 months before you can rejoin the scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can join the Flat Rate Scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re a VAT-registered business\n\n- you expect your VAT taxable turnover to be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT) in the next 12 months\n\nVAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use the scheme if:\n\n- you left the scheme in the last 12 months\n\n- you committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion\n\n- you joined (or were eligible to join) a VAT group in the last 24 months\n\n- you registered for VAT as a business division in the last 24 months\n\n- your business is closely associated with another business\n\n- you\u2019ve joined a margin or capital goods VAT scheme\n\nYou cannot use the scheme with the Cash Accounting Scheme. Instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based method for calculating the turnover.\n\n## Leaving the scheme\n\nYou must leave the scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it\n\n- on the anniversary of joining, your turnover in the last 12 months was more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT) - or you expect it to be in the next 12 months\n\n- you expect your total income in the next 30 days alone to be more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT)\n\n## Work out your flat rate\n\nThe VAT flat rate you use usually depends on your business type. You may pay a different rate if you only spend a small amount on goods.\n\nYou get a 1% discount if you\u2019re in your first year as a VAT-registered business.\n\n## If you spend a small amount on goods\n\nYou\u2019re classed as a \u2018limited cost business\u2019 if your goods cost less than either:\n\n- 2% of your turnover\n\n- \u00a31,000 a year (if your costs are more than 2%)\n\nThis means you pay a higher rate of 16.5%. You can calculate if you need to pay the higher rate and work out which goods count as costs.\n\nIf you are not a limited cost business, you use your business type to work out your flat rate.\n\n## Flat rates for types of business\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) the flat rate for catering (including restaurants and takeaways), accommodation and pubs has been reduced until 31 March 2022.\n\n| Type of business | Current VAT flat rate (%) |\n\n| Accountancy or book-keeping | 14.5 |\n\n| Advertising | 11 |\n\n| Agricultural services | 11 |\n\n| Any other activity not listed elsewhere | 12 |\n\n| Architect, civil and structural engineer or surveyor | 14.5 |\n\n| Boarding or care of animals | 12 |\n\n| Business services not listed elsewhere | 12 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways before 15 July 2020 | 12.5 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 4.5 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 8.5 |\n\n| Computer and IT consultancy or data processing | 14.5 |\n\n| Computer repair services | 10.5 |\n\n| Entertainment or journalism | 12.5 |\n\n| Estate agency or property management services | 12 |\n\n| Farming or agriculture not listed elsewhere | 6.5 |\n\n| Film, radio, television or video production | 13 |\n\n| Financial services | 13.5 |\n\n| Forestry or fishing | 10.5 |\n\n| General building or construction services* | 9.5 |\n\n| Hairdressing or other beauty treatment services | 13 |\n\n| Hiring or renting goods | 9.5 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation before 15 July 2020 | 10.5 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 0 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 5.5 |\n\n| Investigation or security | 12 |\n\n| Labour-only building or construction services* | 14.5 |\n\n| Laundry or dry-cleaning services | 12 |\n\n| Lawyer or legal services | 14.5 |\n\n| Library, archive, museum or other cultural activity | 9.5 |\n\n| Management consultancy | 14 |\n\n| Manufacturing fabricated metal products | 10.5 |\n\n| Manufacturing food | 9 |\n\n| Manufacturing not listed elsewhere | 9.5 |\n\n| Manufacturing yarn, textiles or clothing | 9 |\n\n| Membership organisation | 8 |\n\n| Mining or quarrying | 10 |\n\n| Packaging | 9 |\n\n| Photography | 11 |\n\n| Post offices | 5 |\n\n| Printing | 8.5 |\n\n| Publishing | 11 |\n\n| Pubs before 15 July 2020 | 6.5 |\n\n| Pubs from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 1 |\n\n| Pubs from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 4 |\n\n| Real estate activity not listed elsewhere | 14 |\n\n| Repairing personal or household goods | 10 |\n\n| Repairing vehicles | 8.5 |\n\n| Retailing food, confectionery, tobacco, newspapers or children\u2019s clothing | 4 |\n\n| Retailing pharmaceuticals, medical goods, cosmetics or toiletries | 8 |\n\n| Retailing not listed elsewhere | 7.5 |\n\n| Retailing vehicles or fuel | 6.5 |\n\n| Secretarial services | 13 |\n\n| Social work | 11 |\n\n| Sport or recreation | 8.5 |\n\n| Transport or storage, including couriers, freight, removals and taxis | 10 |\n\n| Travel agency | 10.5 |\n\n| Veterinary medicine | 11 |\n\n| Wholesaling agricultural products | 8 |\n\n| Wholesaling food | 7.5 |\n\n| Wholesaling not listed elsewhere | 8.5 |\n\n*\u2018Labour-only building or construction services\u2019 means building services where the value of the materials supplied is less than 10% of the turnover for those services. If more than this amount, the business is classed as \u2018General building or construction services\u2019.\n\n## What you pay\n\nYou calculate the tax you pay by multiplying your VAT flat rate by your \u2018VAT inclusive turnover\u2019.\n\nVAT inclusive turnover is different from standard VAT turnover. As well as business income (such as from sales), it includes the VAT paid on that income.\n\n## Calculating 2 flat rates\n\nThe first calculation should start from day one of your accounting period to the last day of that flat rate. The second should start from the date of the new flat rate to the end of your accounting period.\n\n## Get help\n\nCall the VAT Helpline if you have any questions about the Flat Rate Scheme.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-flat-rate-scheme", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Good evening. I run a small market stall, have a turn over of less that \u00a3150,000 pa. I have heard about VAT flat rate scheme.", + "original_question": "Can I join the scheme online?" + }, + { + "id": "train-947", + "question": "Scenario: Good afternoon. I have trouble getting to the bank to pay my bills. i do not want to fall behind on my tax. I am hoping to be able to do this from home instead.\n\nQuestion: Does HMRC have the ability to receive payment on the internet?\n\nDocument - Pay your Self Assessment tax bill:\n## Overview\n\nThe deadlines for paying your tax bill are usually:\n\n- 31 January - for any tax you owe for the previous tax year (known as a balancing payment) and your first payment on account\n\n- 31 July for your second payment on account\n\nIf you delayed making a payment on account in July 2020 because of coronavirus (COVID-19), this will be added to your tax bill due by 31 January 2021.\n\nPay Self Assessment now\n\nYou can pay in regular monthly instalments, if you prefer.\n\nYou can get help if you cannot pay your tax bill on time.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. You\u2019ll be charged interest and may have to pay a penalty if your payment is late.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- through your online bank account\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\nYou need a paying-in slip from HMRC to pay at a bank or building society.\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- Bacs\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up with HMRC before)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set one up with HMRC before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments or by debit or credit card).\n\n## Problems with payment services\n\nOnline payment services may be slow during busy times. Check if there are any current problems or times they are not available.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make single payments for 31 January.\n\nYou can also set up another Direct Debit if you need to make a payment on account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to set up single payments each time you want to pay by Direct Debit.\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 11-character payment reference. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll find it either on your:\n\n- HMRC online account\n\n- paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your Self-Assessment tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## Make an online or telephone bank transfer\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill using Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\n## Pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs\n\nYour bill will tell you which account to pay in to. If you do not have a bill, or you\u2019re not sure, use HMRC Cumbernauld.\n\n## Account details to use\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## If your account is overseas\n\n| Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account number (IBAN) | Account name |\n\n| BARCGB22 | GB62BARC20114770297690 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n| BARCGB22 | GB03BARC20114783977692 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## What you\u2019ll need\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 11-character payment reference when you pay. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019.\n\nYou can find it on your:\n\n- HMRC online account\n\n- paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nPayments from overseas may take longer - check with your bank.\n\n## Multiple payments by CHAPS\n\nSend an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single CHAPS payment for multiple Self Assessment bills, using more than one payment reference number.\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## Approve a payment through your online bank account\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.\n\nWhen you\u2019re ready to pay, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your Self Assessment payment.\n\nThe payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nUse your 11-character payment reference when you pay. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find it either:\n\n- in your HMRC online account\n\n- on your paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, not the date it reaches their account - including on bank holidays and weekends.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your Self Assessment tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can only pay at your branch by cash or cheque if you both:\n\n- still get paper statements from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- have the paying-in slip HMRC sent you\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 11-character payment reference on the back of the cheque. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the paying-in slip.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches their account (as long as you pay from Monday to Friday).\n\n## If you do not have a paying-in slip\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay by another method instead, for example:\n\n- debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- online or telephone banking\n\n- Direct Debit\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 11-character payment reference on the back of the cheque. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find this on your payslip.\n\nInclude the payslip HMRC sent you (if you still get paper statements). Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque correctly.\n\n## If you do not have an HMRC payslip\n\nYou can print a slip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\n## Pay in instalments\n\nIf you\u2019ve already filed your Self Assessment tax return, you might be able to pay the bill in instalments.\n\nWhat you need to do depends on whether you want to:\n\n- make payments against your latest bill\n\n- make advance payments against your next bill\n\n## If you cannot afford to pay your latest bill\n\nYou can set up a payment plan to spread the cost of your latest Self Assessment bill if all the following apply:\n\n- you owe \u00a330,000 or less\n\n- you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC\n\n- your tax returns are up to date\n\n- it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline\n\nYou can choose how much to pay straight away and how much you want to pay each month. You\u2019ll have to pay interest.\n\nIf you don\u2019t keep up with your repayments, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay everything you owe.\n\nThere are 2 ways you can set up a payment plan:\n\n- set up a payment plan online\n\n- call the Payment Support Service\n\n## If you want to make regular payments in advance\n\nYou can set up a budget payment plan if you want to put aside money to cover your next Self Assessment tax bill.\n\nThis is different from payments on account, which you normally make once every 6 months towards your next tax bill.\n\nThe budget payment plan lets you:\n\n- decide how much to pay each week or month\n\n- stop paying for up to 6 months\n\nYou must be up to date with your previous Self Assessment payments.\n\nSet up your plan using your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account. Go to the Direct Debit section and choose the budget payment option when filling in the Direct Debit form.\n\nIf the amount in your budget payment plan does not cover your next bill in full, you\u2019ll need to pay the difference by the payment deadlines.\n\n## Through your tax code\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill through your PAYE tax code as long as all these apply:\n\n- you owe less than \u00a33,000 on your tax bill\n\n- you already pay tax through PAYE, for example you\u2019re an employee or you get a company pension\n\n- you submitted your paper tax return by 31 October or your online tax return online by 30 December\n\n## How it\u2019s set up\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will automatically collect what you owe through your tax code if you meet all 3 conditions, unless you\u2019ve specifically asked them not to (on your tax return).\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible, you will not be able to pay this way.\n\n## When you cannot pay through your tax code\n\nYou will not be able to pay your tax bill through your PAYE tax code if:\n\n- you do not have enough PAYE income for HMRC to collect it\n\n- you\u2019d pay more than 50% of your PAYE income in tax\n\n- you\u2019d end up paying more than twice as much tax as you normally do\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you cannot pay Class 2 National Insurance through your tax code, unless it\u2019s been due since before 6 April 2015. You must use one of the other ways to pay by the deadline instead.\n\n## How deductions are made\n\nThe tax you owe will be taken from your salary or pension in equal instalments over 12 months, along with your usual tax deductions.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nView your HM Revenue and Customs online account to check if your payment\u2019s been received - it should show as paid between 3 to 6 working days later.\n\nIf paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to ask for a receipt from HMRC.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-self-assessment-tax-bill", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Good afternoon. I have trouble getting to the bank to pay my bills. i do not want to fall behind on my tax. I am hoping to be able to do this from home instead.", + "original_question": "Does HMRC have the ability to receive payment on the internet?" + }, + { + "id": "train-948", + "question": "Scenario: Good morning. Ted the plumber here. I have a tax bill of \u00a315,000 to pay. To be honest, cashflow is tight right now and I'll find it hard to stump that all up at once.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible to pay what I owe monthly?\n\nDocument - Pay your Self Assessment tax bill:\n## Overview\n\nThe deadlines for paying your tax bill are usually:\n\n- 31 January - for any tax you owe for the previous tax year (known as a balancing payment) and your first payment on account\n\n- 31 July for your second payment on account\n\nIf you delayed making a payment on account in July 2020 because of coronavirus (COVID-19), this will be added to your tax bill due by 31 January 2021.\n\nPay Self Assessment now\n\nYou can pay in regular monthly instalments, if you prefer.\n\nYou can get help if you cannot pay your tax bill on time.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. You\u2019ll be charged interest and may have to pay a penalty if your payment is late.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- through your online bank account\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\nYou need a paying-in slip from HMRC to pay at a bank or building society.\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- Bacs\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up with HMRC before)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set one up with HMRC before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments or by debit or credit card).\n\n## Problems with payment services\n\nOnline payment services may be slow during busy times. Check if there are any current problems or times they are not available.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make single payments for 31 January.\n\nYou can also set up another Direct Debit if you need to make a payment on account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to set up single payments each time you want to pay by Direct Debit.\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 11-character payment reference. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll find it either on your:\n\n- HMRC online account\n\n- paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your Self-Assessment tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## Make an online or telephone bank transfer\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill using Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\n## Pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs\n\nYour bill will tell you which account to pay in to. If you do not have a bill, or you\u2019re not sure, use HMRC Cumbernauld.\n\n## Account details to use\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## If your account is overseas\n\n| Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account number (IBAN) | Account name |\n\n| BARCGB22 | GB62BARC20114770297690 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n| BARCGB22 | GB03BARC20114783977692 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## What you\u2019ll need\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 11-character payment reference when you pay. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019.\n\nYou can find it on your:\n\n- HMRC online account\n\n- paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nPayments from overseas may take longer - check with your bank.\n\n## Multiple payments by CHAPS\n\nSend an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single CHAPS payment for multiple Self Assessment bills, using more than one payment reference number.\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## Approve a payment through your online bank account\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.\n\nWhen you\u2019re ready to pay, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your Self Assessment payment.\n\nThe payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nUse your 11-character payment reference when you pay. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find it either:\n\n- in your HMRC online account\n\n- on your paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, not the date it reaches their account - including on bank holidays and weekends.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your Self Assessment tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can only pay at your branch by cash or cheque if you both:\n\n- still get paper statements from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- have the paying-in slip HMRC sent you\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 11-character payment reference on the back of the cheque. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the paying-in slip.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches their account (as long as you pay from Monday to Friday).\n\n## If you do not have a paying-in slip\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay by another method instead, for example:\n\n- debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- online or telephone banking\n\n- Direct Debit\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 11-character payment reference on the back of the cheque. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find this on your payslip.\n\nInclude the payslip HMRC sent you (if you still get paper statements). Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque correctly.\n\n## If you do not have an HMRC payslip\n\nYou can print a slip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\n## Pay in instalments\n\nIf you\u2019ve already filed your Self Assessment tax return, you might be able to pay the bill in instalments.\n\nWhat you need to do depends on whether you want to:\n\n- make payments against your latest bill\n\n- make advance payments against your next bill\n\n## If you cannot afford to pay your latest bill\n\nYou can set up a payment plan to spread the cost of your latest Self Assessment bill if all the following apply:\n\n- you owe \u00a330,000 or less\n\n- you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC\n\n- your tax returns are up to date\n\n- it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline\n\nYou can choose how much to pay straight away and how much you want to pay each month. You\u2019ll have to pay interest.\n\nIf you don\u2019t keep up with your repayments, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay everything you owe.\n\nThere are 2 ways you can set up a payment plan:\n\n- set up a payment plan online\n\n- call the Payment Support Service\n\n## If you want to make regular payments in advance\n\nYou can set up a budget payment plan if you want to put aside money to cover your next Self Assessment tax bill.\n\nThis is different from payments on account, which you normally make once every 6 months towards your next tax bill.\n\nThe budget payment plan lets you:\n\n- decide how much to pay each week or month\n\n- stop paying for up to 6 months\n\nYou must be up to date with your previous Self Assessment payments.\n\nSet up your plan using your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account. Go to the Direct Debit section and choose the budget payment option when filling in the Direct Debit form.\n\nIf the amount in your budget payment plan does not cover your next bill in full, you\u2019ll need to pay the difference by the payment deadlines.\n\n## Through your tax code\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill through your PAYE tax code as long as all these apply:\n\n- you owe less than \u00a33,000 on your tax bill\n\n- you already pay tax through PAYE, for example you\u2019re an employee or you get a company pension\n\n- you submitted your paper tax return by 31 October or your online tax return online by 30 December\n\n## How it\u2019s set up\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will automatically collect what you owe through your tax code if you meet all 3 conditions, unless you\u2019ve specifically asked them not to (on your tax return).\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible, you will not be able to pay this way.\n\n## When you cannot pay through your tax code\n\nYou will not be able to pay your tax bill through your PAYE tax code if:\n\n- you do not have enough PAYE income for HMRC to collect it\n\n- you\u2019d pay more than 50% of your PAYE income in tax\n\n- you\u2019d end up paying more than twice as much tax as you normally do\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you cannot pay Class 2 National Insurance through your tax code, unless it\u2019s been due since before 6 April 2015. You must use one of the other ways to pay by the deadline instead.\n\n## How deductions are made\n\nThe tax you owe will be taken from your salary or pension in equal instalments over 12 months, along with your usual tax deductions.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nView your HM Revenue and Customs online account to check if your payment\u2019s been received - it should show as paid between 3 to 6 working days later.\n\nIf paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to ask for a receipt from HMRC.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-self-assessment-tax-bill", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Good morning. Ted the plumber here. I have a tax bill of \u00a315,000 to pay. To be honest, cashflow is tight right now and I'll find it hard to stump that all up at once.", + "original_question": "Is it possible to pay what I owe monthly?" + }, + { + "id": "train-949", + "question": "Scenario: I am a woman born in 1980. I relocated to Zambia from 2006 to 2016 and was not paying the National insurance.I am back to the UK and would like to pay. I don't want this to affect my state pension. Am I allowed to pay the gap?\n\nQuestion: Can i pay the gap?\n\nDocument - Voluntary National Insurance:\n## Gaps in your National Insurance record\n\nYou may get gaps in your record if you do not pay National Insurance or do not get National Insurance credits. This could be because you were:\n\n- employed but had low earnings\n\n- unemployed and were not claiming benefits\n\n- self-employed but did not pay contributions because of small profits\n\n- living abroad\n\nGaps can mean you will not have enough years of National Insurance contributions to get the full State Pension (sometimes called \u2018qualifying years\u2019).\n\nYou may be able to pay voluntary contributions to fill any gaps if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Check your record for gaps\n\nCheck your National Insurance record to find out:\n\n- if you have any gaps\n\n- if you\u2019re eligible to pay voluntary contributions\n\n- how much it will cost\n\nYou may also be eligible for National Insurance credits if you claim benefits because you cannot work, are unemployed or caring for someone full time.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think your National Insurance record is wrong.\n\n## Decide if you want to pay voluntary contributions\n\nVoluntary contributions do not always increase your State Pension. Contact the Future Pension Centre to find out if you\u2019ll benefit from voluntary contributions.\n\nYou may also want to get financial advice before you decide to make voluntary contributions.\n\n## Why you might want to pay voluntary contributions\n\nYou may want to pay voluntary contributions because:\n\n- you\u2019re close to State Pension age and do not have enough qualifying years to get the full State Pension\n\n- you know you will not be able to get the qualifying years you need to get the full State Pension during your working life\n\n- you\u2019re self-employed and do not have to pay Class 2 contributions because you have low profits\n\n- you live outside the UK, but you want to qualify for some benefits\n\n## Self-employed people with specific jobs\n\nSome people do not pay Class 2 contributions through Self Assessment, but may want to pay voluntary contributions. These are:\n\n- examiners, moderators, invigilators and people who set exam questions\n\n- people who run businesses involving land or property\n\n- ministers of religion who do not receive a salary or stipend\n\n- people who make investments for themselves or others - but not as a business and without getting a fee or commission\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be eligible to pay voluntary National Insurance contributions for the time that the contributions cover.\n\nYou can usually only pay for gaps in your National Insurance record from the past 6 years.\n\nYou can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago depending on your age.\n\n## Who can pay voluntary contributions\n\nThese tables explain who\u2019s eligible to pay Class 2 or Class 3 contributions.\n\n| Your situation | Which class to pay |\n\n| Employed but earning under \u00a3120 a week and not eligible for National Insurance credits | Class 3 |\n\n| Self-employed with profits under \u00a36,515 | Class 2 or Class 3 - they count towards different benefits |\n\n| Both employed and self-employed, with low earnings and small profits | Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to check if you have a gap and how much you need to pay |\n\n| Self-employed as an examiner, minister of religion or in an investment or land and property business | Class 2 or Class 3 - they count towards different benefits |\n\n| Living and working abroad | Class 2 - but only if you worked in the UK immediately before leaving, and you\u2019ve previously lived in the UK for at least 3 years in a row or paid at least 3 years of contributions |\n\n| Living abroad but not working | Class 3 - but only if at some point you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years in a row or paid at least 3 years of contributions |\n\n| Unemployed and not claiming benefits | Class 3 |\n\n| Married woman or widow who stopped paying reduced rates | Class 3 |\n\nYou cannot pay voluntary contributions if:\n\n- you\u2019re eligible for National Insurance credits\n\n- you\u2019re a married woman or widow paying reduced rates\n\n## If you\u2019re over State Pension age\n\n| Your situation | Which class to pay |\n\n| You\u2019ve reached State Pension age and want to fill in gaps in your National Insurance record | Class 3 |\n\n## Rates\n\nThe rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:\n\n- \u00a33.05 a week for Class 2\n\n- \u00a315.40 a week for Class 3\n\nYou usually pay the current rate when you make a voluntary contribution.\n\n## If you\u2019re a man born after 5 April 1951 or a woman born after 5 April 1953\n\nYou can pay voluntary contributions by 5 April 2023 to make up for gaps between 6 April 2006 and 5 April 2016.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay the current rate.\n\n## When you pay different rates\n\nIf you\u2019re paying Class 2 contributions for the previous tax year or Class 3 contributions for the previous 2 tax years, you pay the original rate for those tax years.\n\nCall HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have questions about voluntary National Insurance.\n\n## How and when to pay\n\nFind out how to:\n\n- pay Class 2 voluntary contributions\n\n- pay Class 3 voluntary contributions\n\nIf you\u2019re living abroad, read leaflet NI38 and fill in form CF83 (found at the end). Send it back to HMRC using the address on the form.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou can usually pay voluntary contributions for the past 6 years. The deadline is 5 April each year.\n\nYou can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago, depending on your age.\n\n## You\u2019re a man born after 5 April 1951 or a woman born after 5 April 1953\n\nYou have until 5 April 2023 to pay voluntary contributions to make up for gaps between April 2006 and April 2016.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/voluntary-national-insurance-contributions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a woman born in 1980. I relocated to Zambia from 2006 to 2016 and was not paying the National insurance.I am back to the UK and would like to pay. I don't want this to affect my state pension. Am I allowed to pay the gap?", + "original_question": "Can i pay the gap?" + }, + { + "id": "train-951", + "question": "Scenario: I have been working for my company for three years and have just been offered a stake in the company in the form of free shares through a share incentive plan. I have never held shares before and am not sure what to do.\n\nQuestion: Can I get tax relief on these shares?\n\nDocument - Tax and Employee Share Schemes:\n## Overview\n\nIf your employer offers you company shares, you could get tax advantages, like not paying Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.\n\nTax advantages only apply if the shares are offered through the following schemes:\n\n- Share Incentive Plans\n\n- Save As You Earn (SAYE)\n\n- Company Share Option Plans\n\n- Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)\n\nYou may be offered shares outside of these schemes. However these will not have the same tax advantages.\n\nYou can also get tax advantages if you\u2019re an employee shareholder.\n\n## Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)\n\nIf you get shares through a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and keep them in the plan for 5 years you will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.\n\nYou will not pay Capital Gains Tax on shares you sell if you keep them in the plan until you sell them.\n\nIf you take them out of the plan, keep them and then sell them later on, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if their value has increased.\n\nThere are 4 ways you can get shares under SIPs.\n\n## Free shares\n\nYour employer can give you up to \u00a33,600 of free shares in any tax year.\n\n## Partnership shares\n\nYou can buy shares out of your salary before tax deductions. There\u2019s a limit to how much you can spend - either \u00a31,800 or 10% of your income for the tax year, whichever is lower.\n\n## Matching shares\n\nYour employer can give you up to 2 free matching shares for each partnership share you buy.\n\n## Dividend shares\n\nYou may be able to buy more shares with the dividends you get from free, partnership or matching shares (but only if your employer\u2019s scheme allows it).\n\nYou will not pay Income Tax if you keep the dividend shares for at least 3 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax and National Insurance on any shares you take out of a SIP early.\n\n## Save As You Earn (SAYE)\n\nThis is a savings-related share scheme where you can buy shares with your savings for a fixed price.\n\nYou can save up to \u00a3500 a month under the scheme. At the end of your savings contract (3 or 5 years) you can use the savings to buy shares.\n\nThe tax advantages are:\n\n- the interest and any bonus at the end of the scheme is tax-free\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re worth\n\nYou might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\nYou\u2019ll not pay Capital Gains Tax if you transfer the shares:\n\n- to an Individual Savings Account (ISA) within 90 days of the scheme ending\n\n- to a pension, directly from the scheme when it ends\n\nIf you do not transfer your shares to a pension immediately when the scheme ends, you can still transfer them up to 90 days later. You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if they go up in value between when you buy them and when you transfer them.\n\n## Company Share Option Plan\n\nThis gives you the option to buy up to \u00a330,000 worth of shares at a fixed price.\n\nYou will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance contributions on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re actually worth.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\n## Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)\n\nIf you work for a company with assets of \u00a330 million or less, it may be able to offer Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs).\n\nYour company can grant you share options up to the value of \u00a3250,000 in a 3-year period.\n\nYou will not have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance if you buy the shares for at least the market value they had when you were granted the option.\n\nIf you were given a discount on the market value, you\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay and what the shares were worth.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\n## Excluded activities\n\nCompanies that work in \u2018excluded activities\u2019 are not allowed to offer EMIs. Excluded activities include:\n\n- banking\n\n- farming\n\n- property development\n\n- provision of legal services\n\n- ship building\n\n## Employee shareholder shares\n\nTo be an employee shareholder, you must own shares in your employer\u2019s company that were worth at least \u00a32,000 when you got them.\n\nYou will not usually pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the first \u00a32,000 worth of employee shareholder shares you get before 1 December 2016.\n\nYou will not get tax relief if you or someone you\u2019re connected with (like a business partner, spouse or family member) have 25% or more voting rights in the company.\n\nWhen you become an employee shareholder your employer must pay for an independent expert to give advice about the terms and effects of the employee shareholder agreement. This advice not count as a taxable benefit.\n\n## Selling your shares\n\nYou might not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell shares. It depends on when you signed your employee shareholder agreement.\n\n## Before 17 March 2016\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax on shares that were worth over \u00a350,000 when you got them.\n\n## From 17 March 2016\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax on gains over \u00a3100,000 that you make during your lifetime. The \u2018gain\u2019 is the profit you make when you sell shares that have increased in value.\n\n## Transferring your shares to an ISA\n\nYou can transfer up to \u00a320,000 of employee shares into a stocks and shares Individual Savings Account (ISA) if you have shares in a:\n\n- Save As You Earn (SAYE) scheme\n\n- Share Incentive Plan (SIP)\n\nYour ISA provider must agree to the transfer.\n\nYou will not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on any gains you make on your shares if you move them to an ISA.\n\nYou must transfer your shares to your ISA within 90 days of when you took out your SIP or SAYE shares.\n\nThese shares will count towards your \u00a320,000 ISA limit. They cannot be in addition to the limit.\n\nAsk your employer or ISA provider for more information on how to transfer.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been working for my company for three years and have just been offered a stake in the company in the form of free shares through a share incentive plan. I have never held shares before and am not sure what to do.", + "original_question": "Can I get tax relief on these shares?" + }, + { + "id": "train-952", + "question": "Scenario: I am a long term, full time employee of a major retailer and have some shares through their save as you earn scheme. These shares have consistently increased in value and it has been recommended that I transfer them to an ISA.\n\nQuestion: Can I transfer them to an ISA?\n\nDocument - Tax and Employee Share Schemes:\n## Overview\n\nIf your employer offers you company shares, you could get tax advantages, like not paying Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.\n\nTax advantages only apply if the shares are offered through the following schemes:\n\n- Share Incentive Plans\n\n- Save As You Earn (SAYE)\n\n- Company Share Option Plans\n\n- Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)\n\nYou may be offered shares outside of these schemes. However these will not have the same tax advantages.\n\nYou can also get tax advantages if you\u2019re an employee shareholder.\n\n## Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)\n\nIf you get shares through a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and keep them in the plan for 5 years you will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.\n\nYou will not pay Capital Gains Tax on shares you sell if you keep them in the plan until you sell them.\n\nIf you take them out of the plan, keep them and then sell them later on, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if their value has increased.\n\nThere are 4 ways you can get shares under SIPs.\n\n## Free shares\n\nYour employer can give you up to \u00a33,600 of free shares in any tax year.\n\n## Partnership shares\n\nYou can buy shares out of your salary before tax deductions. There\u2019s a limit to how much you can spend - either \u00a31,800 or 10% of your income for the tax year, whichever is lower.\n\n## Matching shares\n\nYour employer can give you up to 2 free matching shares for each partnership share you buy.\n\n## Dividend shares\n\nYou may be able to buy more shares with the dividends you get from free, partnership or matching shares (but only if your employer\u2019s scheme allows it).\n\nYou will not pay Income Tax if you keep the dividend shares for at least 3 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax and National Insurance on any shares you take out of a SIP early.\n\n## Save As You Earn (SAYE)\n\nThis is a savings-related share scheme where you can buy shares with your savings for a fixed price.\n\nYou can save up to \u00a3500 a month under the scheme. At the end of your savings contract (3 or 5 years) you can use the savings to buy shares.\n\nThe tax advantages are:\n\n- the interest and any bonus at the end of the scheme is tax-free\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re worth\n\nYou might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\nYou\u2019ll not pay Capital Gains Tax if you transfer the shares:\n\n- to an Individual Savings Account (ISA) within 90 days of the scheme ending\n\n- to a pension, directly from the scheme when it ends\n\nIf you do not transfer your shares to a pension immediately when the scheme ends, you can still transfer them up to 90 days later. You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if they go up in value between when you buy them and when you transfer them.\n\n## Company Share Option Plan\n\nThis gives you the option to buy up to \u00a330,000 worth of shares at a fixed price.\n\nYou will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance contributions on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re actually worth.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\n## Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)\n\nIf you work for a company with assets of \u00a330 million or less, it may be able to offer Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs).\n\nYour company can grant you share options up to the value of \u00a3250,000 in a 3-year period.\n\nYou will not have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance if you buy the shares for at least the market value they had when you were granted the option.\n\nIf you were given a discount on the market value, you\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay and what the shares were worth.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\n## Excluded activities\n\nCompanies that work in \u2018excluded activities\u2019 are not allowed to offer EMIs. Excluded activities include:\n\n- banking\n\n- farming\n\n- property development\n\n- provision of legal services\n\n- ship building\n\n## Employee shareholder shares\n\nTo be an employee shareholder, you must own shares in your employer\u2019s company that were worth at least \u00a32,000 when you got them.\n\nYou will not usually pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the first \u00a32,000 worth of employee shareholder shares you get before 1 December 2016.\n\nYou will not get tax relief if you or someone you\u2019re connected with (like a business partner, spouse or family member) have 25% or more voting rights in the company.\n\nWhen you become an employee shareholder your employer must pay for an independent expert to give advice about the terms and effects of the employee shareholder agreement. This advice not count as a taxable benefit.\n\n## Selling your shares\n\nYou might not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell shares. It depends on when you signed your employee shareholder agreement.\n\n## Before 17 March 2016\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax on shares that were worth over \u00a350,000 when you got them.\n\n## From 17 March 2016\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax on gains over \u00a3100,000 that you make during your lifetime. The \u2018gain\u2019 is the profit you make when you sell shares that have increased in value.\n\n## Transferring your shares to an ISA\n\nYou can transfer up to \u00a320,000 of employee shares into a stocks and shares Individual Savings Account (ISA) if you have shares in a:\n\n- Save As You Earn (SAYE) scheme\n\n- Share Incentive Plan (SIP)\n\nYour ISA provider must agree to the transfer.\n\nYou will not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on any gains you make on your shares if you move them to an ISA.\n\nYou must transfer your shares to your ISA within 90 days of when you took out your SIP or SAYE shares.\n\nThese shares will count towards your \u00a320,000 ISA limit. They cannot be in addition to the limit.\n\nAsk your employer or ISA provider for more information on how to transfer.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a long term, full time employee of a major retailer and have some shares through their save as you earn scheme. These shares have consistently increased in value and it has been recommended that I transfer them to an ISA.", + "original_question": "Can I transfer them to an ISA?" + }, + { + "id": "train-954", + "question": "Scenario: I live in Scotland and am a full time employee earning \u00a350,000 per year. I also have a property in England. I would like to pay self assessment tax returns . I want pay for 2020-2021 tax year.\n\nQuestion: In matters of tax returns, will Scotland be termed as my main home?\n\nDocument - Income Tax in Scotland:\n## Current rates\n\nYou pay Scottish Income Tax if you live in Scotland. It\u2019s paid to the Scottish Government.\n\nScottish Income Tax applies to your wages, pension and most other taxable income.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay the same tax as the rest of the UK on dividends and savings interest.\n\n## What you\u2019ll pay\n\nThe table shows the 2021 to 2022 Scottish Income Tax rates you pay in each band if you have a standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,570. You do not get a Personal Allowance if you earn over \u00a3125,140.\n\n| Band | Taxable income | Scottish tax rate |\n\n| Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0% |\n\n| Starter rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a314,667 | 19% |\n\n| Basic rate | \u00a314,668 to \u00a325,296 | 20% |\n\n| Intermediate rate | \u00a325,297 to \u00a343,662 | 21% |\n\n| Higher rate | \u00a343,663 to \u00a3150,000 | 41% |\n\n| Top rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 46% |\n\n## Who pays\n\nYou pay Scottish Income Tax if you live in Scotland.\n\nYou may also pay Scottish Income Tax if you:\n\n- move to or from Scotland\n\n- live in a home in Scotland and one elsewhere in the UK, for example for work\n\n- do not have a home and stay in Scotland regularly, for example you stay offshore or in hotels\n\n## How you pay\n\nIf you\u2019re employed or get a pension, your tax code will start with an \u2018S\u2019. This tells your employer or pension provider to deduct tax at the Scottish rate.\n\nYour tax code will be S1250L if you pay Scottish Income Tax and get the standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,500.\n\nIf you fill in an online Self Assessment tax return, there\u2019s a box for you to tell HMRC that you pay Scottish Income Tax.\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If you move to or from Scotland\n\nYou pay Scottish Income Tax if you move to Scotland and live there for a longer period than anywhere else in the UK during a tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).\n\nYou must tell HMRC of your new address if you move to or from Scotland. You may pay tax at the wrong rate if you do not.\n\n## If HMRC changes your tax rate\n\nThe new rate you pay will be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April) in which you moved. The tax taken from your wages or pension will be adjusted automatically so you pay the right amount across the whole year.\n\n## If you live in more than one home\n\nYou need to know which is your main home if you have one in Scotland and one somewhere else in the UK.\n\n## What counts as your main home\n\nYour main home is usually where you live and spend most of your time.\n\nIt does not matter whether you own it, rent it or live in it for free.\n\nYour main home may be the home where you spend less time if that\u2019s where:\n\n- most of your possessions are\n\n- your family lives, if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re registered for things like your bank account, GP or car insurance\n\n- you\u2019re a member of clubs or societies\n\nThis might apply to you if you live away because of your work, for example you\u2019re a lorry driver, an offshore worker or in the armed forces.\n\nYou can contact HMRC to change which home counts as your main one.\n\n## If you\u2019re not sure which is your main home\n\nHMRC has detailed information about working out which is your main home, including if:\n\n- you\u2019re a mobile worker, for example your job means you travel most of the time\n\n- you\u2019re a student\n\n- you do not have a permanent home\n\n## 2020 to 2021 tax year\n\nYou pay a different rate of tax for income from the tax year 6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021.\n\n| Band | Taxable income | Scottish tax rate |\n\n| Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,500 | 0% |\n\n| Starter rate | \u00a312,501 to \u00a314,585 | 19% |\n\n| Basic rate | \u00a314,586 to \u00a325,158 | 20% |\n\n| Intermediate rate | \u00a325,159 to \u00a343,430 | 21% |\n\n| Higher rate | \u00a343,431 to \u00a3150,000 | 41% |\n\n| Top rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 46% |\n\nIt applies to your wages, pension and most other taxable income.\n\nYou pay the same tax as the rest of the UK on dividends and savings interest.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in Scotland and am a full time employee earning \u00a350,000 per year. I also have a property in England. I would like to pay self assessment tax returns . I want pay for 2020-2021 tax year.", + "original_question": "In matters of tax returns, will Scotland be termed as my main home?" + }, + { + "id": "train-955", + "question": "Scenario: I have been a primary school teacher for over thirty years and am coming up to retirement age. I have a private pension through my job but someone told me recently that I might be liable to pay tax on this, which is alarming me very much.\n\nQuestion: Must I pay tax on a pension I have worked hard for for a long time?\n\nDocument - Tax on your private pension contributions:\n## Overview\n\nYour private pension contributions are tax-free up to certain limits.\n\nThis applies to most private pension schemes, for example:\n\n- workplace pensions\n\n- personal and stakeholder pensions\n\n- overseas pension schemes that qualify for UK tax relief - ask your provider if it\u2019s a \u2018qualifying overseas pension scheme\u2019\n\nPension schemes must be registered with HMRC to qualify for tax relief. Check with your pension provider if you\u2019re unsure if your scheme is registered or not.\n\nYou pay tax when you take money out of a pension.\n\n## Limits to your tax-free contributions\n\nYou usually pay tax if savings in your pension pots go above:\n\n- 100% of your earnings in a year - this is the limit on tax relief you get\n\n- \u00a340,000 a year - check your \u2018annual allowance\u2019\n\n- \u00a31,073,100 in your lifetime - this is the lifetime allowance\n\nYou also pay tax on contributions if your pension provider:\n\n- is not registered for tax relief with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- does not invest your pension pot according to HMRC\u2019s rules\n\n## Tax relief\n\nYou can get tax relief on private pension contributions worth up to 100% of your annual earnings.\n\nYou get the tax relief automatically if your:\n\n- employer takes workplace pension contributions out of your pay before deducting Income Tax\n\n- rate of Income Tax is 20% - your pension provider will claim it as tax relief and add it to your pension pot (\u2018relief at source\u2019)\n\nIf your rate of Income Tax in Scotland is 19% your pension provider will claim tax relief for you at a rate of 20%. You do not need to pay the difference.\n\nUK tax relief is also available on contributions made to certain types of overseas pension schemes.\n\nIt\u2019s up to you to make sure you\u2019re not getting tax relief on pension contributions worth more than 100% of your annual earnings. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay back anything over this limit.\n\n## Relief at source\n\nYou get relief at source in all personal and stakeholder pensions, and some workplace pensions.\n\n## To get relief at source\n\nBefore paying into a scheme, you need to agree to certain conditions about your contributions (\u2018make declarations\u2019). Your pension provider will tell you what these are.\n\nYou also need to give your pension provider your:\n\n- full name and address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- employment status - or tell them if you\u2019re retired, a full time student, a carer or aged under 16\n\nYour employer may do this for you if you\u2019re automatically enrolled in their pension scheme.\n\nYour pension provider will let you know if this is the case and ask you to confirm your details are correct. You must do this within 30 days.\n\n## When you have to claim tax relief\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief on pension contributions if:\n\n- you pay Income Tax at a rate above 20% and your pension provider claims the first 20% for you (relief at source)\n\n- your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief\n\n- someone else pays into your pension\n\n## Claim tax relief in England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nYou can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:\n\n- 20% up to the amount of any income you have paid 40% tax on\n\n- 25% up to the amount of any income you have paid 45% tax on\n\nYou can also call or write to HMRC to claim if you pay Income Tax at 40%.\n\n## Claim tax relief in Scotland\n\nYou can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:\n\n- 1% up to the amount of any income you have paid 21% tax on\n\n- 21% up to the amount of any income you have paid 41% tax on\n\n- 26% up to the amount of any income you have paid 46% tax on\n\nYou can call or write to HMRC to claim if you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\n## If your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief\n\nClaim tax relief in your Self Assessment tax return if your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief.\n\nCall or write to HMRC if you do not fill in a tax return.\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief if your pension scheme is not registered with HMRC.\n\n## If someone else pays into your pension\n\nWhen someone else (for example your partner) pays into your pension, you automatically get tax relief at 20% if your pension provider claims it for you (relief at source).\n\nIf you\u2019re in a workplace pension that allows other people to contribute you may need to claim the tax relief on those contributions - call or write to HMRC.\n\n## If you do not pay Income Tax\n\nYou still automatically get tax relief at 20% on the first \u00a32,880 you pay into a pension each tax year (6 April to 5 April) if both of the following apply to you:\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax, for example because you\u2019re on a low income\n\n- your pension provider claims tax relief for you at a rate of 20% (relief at source)\n\n## Life insurance policies\n\nYou cannot get tax relief if you use your pension contributions to pay a personal term assurance policy, unless it\u2019s a protected policy.\n\nPersonal term assurance is a life insurance policy that either:\n\n- ends when the first insured person dies\n\n- insures people who are all from the same family\n\n## Annual allowance\n\nYour annual allowance is the most you can save in your pension pots in a tax year (6 April to 5 April) before you have to pay tax.\n\nYou\u2019ll only pay tax if you go above the annual allowance. This is \u00a340,000 this tax year.\n\n## What counts towards the annual allowance\n\nYour annual allowance applies to all of your private pensions, if you have more than one. This includes:\n\n- the total amount paid in to a defined contribution scheme in a tax year by you or anyone else (for example, your employer)\n\n- any increase in a defined benefit scheme in a tax year\n\n## If you use all of your annual allowance for the current tax year\n\nYou might be able to carry over any annual allowance you did not use from the previous 3 tax years.\n\n## When your annual allowance is lower than \u00a340,000\n\nYour annual allowance might be lower if you have:\n\n- flexibly accessed your pension pot\n\n- a high income\n\n## If you flexibly access your pension\n\nYour annual allowance might be lower if you flexibly access your pension. For example, this could include taking:\n\n- cash or a short-term annuity from a flexi-access drawdown fund\n\n- cash from a pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019)\n\nThe lower allowance is called the \u2018money purchase annual allowance\u2019.\n\n## If you have a high income\n\nYou\u2019ll have a reduced (\u2018tapered\u2019) annual allowance in the current tax year if both:\n\n- your \u2018threshold income\u2019 is over \u00a3200,000\n\n- your \u2018adjusted income\u2019 is over \u00a3240,000\n\nThe threshold income and adjusted income limits are different for earlier tax years.\n\nWork out your reduced annual allowance.\n\n## If you go above the annual allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you if you go above the annual allowance in their scheme. If you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, ask each pension provider for statements.\n\nYou can also use a calculator to work out how much you\u2019ve gone above the allowance.\n\nIf you go over your annual allowance, either you or your pension provider must pay the tax.\n\nFill in the \u2018Pension savings tax charges\u2019 section of a Self Assessment tax return to tell HMRC about the tax, even if your pension provider pays all or part of it. You\u2019ll need form SA101 if you\u2019re using a paper form.\n\nYou can still claim tax relief for pension contributions on your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re above the annual allowance.\n\nHMRC does not tax anyone for going over their annual allowance in a tax year if they:\n\n- retired and took all their pension pots because of serious ill health\n\n- died\n\n## Lifetime allowance\n\nYou usually pay tax if your pension pots are worth more than the lifetime allowance. This is currently \u00a31,073,100.\n\nYou might be able to protect your pension pot from reductions to the lifetime allowance.\n\n## Check how much lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used\n\nAsk your pension provider how much of your lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used.\n\nIf you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, you must add up what you\u2019ve used in all pension schemes you belong to.\n\nWhat counts towards your allowance depends on the type of pension pot you get.\n\n| Type of pension pot | What counts towards your lifetime allowance |\n\n| Defined contribution - personal, stakeholder and most workplace schemes | Money in pension pots that goes towards paying you, however you decide to take the money |\n\n| Defined benefit - some workplace schemes | Usually 20 times the pension you get in the first year plus your lump sum - check with your pension provider |\n\nYour pension provider may ask for information about other pension schemes you\u2019re in so they can check if you\u2019re above your lifetime allowance when you:\n\n- decide to take money from a pension pot\n\n- turn 75\n\n- transfer your pension overseas\n\n## Pay tax if you go above your lifetime allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you how much tax you owe if you go above your lifetime allowance. Your pension provider will deduct the tax before you start getting your pension.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to report the tax deducted by filling in a Self Assessment tax return - download and fill in form SA101 if you\u2019re using paper forms. You\u2019ll get information from your pension provider to help you do this.\n\nIf you die before taking your pension HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will bill the person who inherits your pension for the tax.\n\n## Rates\n\nThe rate of tax you pay on pension savings above your lifetime allowance depends on how the money is paid to you - the rate is:\n\n- 55% if you get it as a lump sum\n\n- 25% if you get it any other way, for example pension payments or cash withdrawals\n\n## Protect your lifetime allowance\n\nThe lifetime allowance was reduced in April 2016. You can apply to protect your lifetime allowance from this reduction.\n\nTell your pension provider the type of protection and the protection reference number when you decide to take money from your pension pot.\n\n## Withdrawing cash from a pension pot\n\nYou cannot withdraw cash from a defined contribution pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019) if you have:\n\n- primary or enhanced protection covering a lump sum worth more than \u00a3375,000\n\n- \u2018lifetime allowance enhancement factor\u2019 if your unused lifetime allowance is less than 25% of the cash you want to withdraw\n\n## Reporting changes to HMRC\n\nYou can lose enhanced protection or any type of fixed protection if:\n\n- you make new savings in a pension scheme\n\n- you are enrolled in a new workplace pension scheme\n\n- you transfer money between pension schemes in a way that does not meet the transfer rules\n\n- you\u2019ve got enhanced protection and, when you take your pension benefits, their value has increased more than the amount allowed in the enhanced protection tax rules - this is called \u2018relevant benefit accrual\u2019\n\n- you\u2019ve got fixed protection and the value of your pension pot in any tax year grows at a higher rate than is allowed by the tax rules - this is called \u2018benefit accrual\u2019\n\nYou can report changes online or by post.\n\nAsk your employer whether they\u2019re likely to enrol you in a workplace pension. To make sure you do not lose protection, you can either:\n\n- opt out of most schemes within a month\n\n- ask not to be enrolled in some schemes - your employer may need evidence of your lifetime allowance protection\n\nTell HMRC in writing if you think you might have lost your protection.\n\n## If you have the right to take your pension before 50\n\nYou may have a reduced lifetime allowance if you have the right to take your pension before you\u2019re 50 under a pension scheme you joined before 2006.\n\nThis only applies to people in certain jobs (for example professional sports, dance and modelling) who start taking their pension before they\u2019re 55.\n\nYour lifetime allowance is not reduced if you\u2019re in a pension scheme for uniformed services, for example the armed forces, police and fire services.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-your-private-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been a primary school teacher for over thirty years and am coming up to retirement age. I have a private pension through my job but someone told me recently that I might be liable to pay tax on this, which is alarming me very much.", + "original_question": "Must I pay tax on a pension I have worked hard for for a long time?" + }, + { + "id": "train-957", + "question": "Scenario: I have left my job. I have requested a P45 from my employers, but they still have not given me one. Two months have now passed since I left.\n\nQuestion: Do my employer's have to give me a P45?\n\nDocument - P45, P60 and P11D forms: workers' guide:\n## P45\n\nYou\u2019ll get a P45 from your employer when you stop working for them.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting P45s if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nYour P45 shows how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary so far in the tax year (6 April to 5 April).\n\nA P45 has 4 parts (Part 1, Part 1A, Part 2 and Part 3).\n\n- Your employer sends details for Part 1 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and gives you the other parts.\n\n- You give Part 2 and 3 to your new employer (or to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not working).\n\n- Keep Part 1A for your own records.\n\nBy law your employer must give you a P45 - ask them for one.\n\nYou can check how much tax you paid last year if you think you might have paid too much.\n\n## You do not have a P45\n\nYou will not have a P45 if you\u2019re starting your first job or you\u2019re taking on a second job. Your employer will need to work out how much tax you should be paying on your salary.\n\nThey may use a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 to collect the information, or may collect it another way. The Starter Checklist has questions about any other jobs, benefits or student loans you have. It helps your employer work out your correct tax code before your first payday.\n\n## P60\n\nYour P60 shows the tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary in the tax year (6 April to 5 April). You get a separate P60 for each of your jobs.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting P60s if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nIf you\u2019re working for an employer on 5 April they must give you a P60. They must provide this by 31 May, on paper or electronically.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your P60 to prove how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary, for example:\n\n- to claim back overpaid tax\n\n- to apply for tax credits\n\n- as proof of your income if you apply for a loan or a mortgage\n\nYou can check how much tax you paid last year if you think you might have paid too much.\n\n## P11D\n\nYour employer might give you a copy of your P11D if they used it to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about your \u2018benefits in kind\u2019 (for example company cars or interest-free loans).\n\nThey do not have to do this, but they must tell you how much each benefit is worth.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting form P11D if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nYou might not get a P11D if your employer takes the tax you owe on your benefits out of your pay.\n\nYour employer will write to you to explain how this works.\n\n## Lost PAYE forms\n\n## Lost P45\n\nYou cannot get a replacement P45.\n\nInstead, your new employer may give you a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 or ask you for the relevant details about your finances to send to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n## Lost P60\n\nYou can get a replacement P60 from your employer.\n\n## P11D\n\nYou can usually get a copy of the P11D from your employer. If they cannot give you one, you can contact HMRC for a copy.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-forms-p45-p60-p11d", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have left my job. I have requested a P45 from my employers, but they still have not given me one. Two months have now passed since I left.", + "original_question": "Do my employer's have to give me a P45?" + }, + { + "id": "train-958", + "question": "Scenario: I received a P60 from my employer. I have lost this P60, and I need to get another one to replace it.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to ask my employer for a replacement?\n\nDocument - P45, P60 and P11D forms: workers' guide:\n## P45\n\nYou\u2019ll get a P45 from your employer when you stop working for them.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting P45s if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nYour P45 shows how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary so far in the tax year (6 April to 5 April).\n\nA P45 has 4 parts (Part 1, Part 1A, Part 2 and Part 3).\n\n- Your employer sends details for Part 1 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and gives you the other parts.\n\n- You give Part 2 and 3 to your new employer (or to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not working).\n\n- Keep Part 1A for your own records.\n\nBy law your employer must give you a P45 - ask them for one.\n\nYou can check how much tax you paid last year if you think you might have paid too much.\n\n## You do not have a P45\n\nYou will not have a P45 if you\u2019re starting your first job or you\u2019re taking on a second job. Your employer will need to work out how much tax you should be paying on your salary.\n\nThey may use a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 to collect the information, or may collect it another way. The Starter Checklist has questions about any other jobs, benefits or student loans you have. It helps your employer work out your correct tax code before your first payday.\n\n## P60\n\nYour P60 shows the tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary in the tax year (6 April to 5 April). You get a separate P60 for each of your jobs.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting P60s if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nIf you\u2019re working for an employer on 5 April they must give you a P60. They must provide this by 31 May, on paper or electronically.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your P60 to prove how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary, for example:\n\n- to claim back overpaid tax\n\n- to apply for tax credits\n\n- as proof of your income if you apply for a loan or a mortgage\n\nYou can check how much tax you paid last year if you think you might have paid too much.\n\n## P11D\n\nYour employer might give you a copy of your P11D if they used it to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about your \u2018benefits in kind\u2019 (for example company cars or interest-free loans).\n\nThey do not have to do this, but they must tell you how much each benefit is worth.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting form P11D if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nYou might not get a P11D if your employer takes the tax you owe on your benefits out of your pay.\n\nYour employer will write to you to explain how this works.\n\n## Lost PAYE forms\n\n## Lost P45\n\nYou cannot get a replacement P45.\n\nInstead, your new employer may give you a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 or ask you for the relevant details about your finances to send to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n## Lost P60\n\nYou can get a replacement P60 from your employer.\n\n## P11D\n\nYou can usually get a copy of the P11D from your employer. If they cannot give you one, you can contact HMRC for a copy.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-forms-p45-p60-p11d", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I received a P60 from my employer. I have lost this P60, and I need to get another one to replace it.", + "original_question": "Am I able to ask my employer for a replacement?" + }, + { + "id": "train-959", + "question": "Scenario: My friend runs a pub business . He has now changed his name via deed poll.\n\nQuestion: Does he need to tell HMRC?\n\nDocument - Tell HMRC about a change to your personal details:\n## Change of name or address\n\nHow you contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to update your name or address depends on your situation.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to change your business records if you run a business.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou need to wait until you\u2019ve moved or changed your name before telling HMRC.\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your address\n\nTell HMRC you\u2019ve changed your address. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.\n\nThere are different ways to tell HMRC if you:\n\n- only pay tax through Self Assessment\n\n- are a tax agent, for example an accountant\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your name\n\nTell HMRC your name has changed. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID you can create one when you update your name.\n\nThere are different ways to tell HMRC if you:\n\n- only pay tax through Self Assessment\n\n- are a tax agent, for example an accountant\n\nYour name will be updated automatically if you change gender.\n\n## What happens next\n\nHMRC will update your personal records for:\n\n- Income Tax and National Insurance\n\n- tax credits and benefits, including Child Benefit\n\n- services, including the Pension Service\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email to either:\n\n- confirm your change of details\n\n- ask for more information, for example legal documents for your name change\n\n## Income changes\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about changes to your taxable income.\n\nTo do this you can either:\n\n- check your Income Tax and go to \u2018Tell us about a change\u2019\n\n- call HMRC\n\nIf you do not, you could pay too much tax or get a tax bill at the end of the year.\n\n## What you must tell HMRC\n\nYour employer or pension provider tells HMRC when:\n\n- you start or finish your job\n\n- there\u2019s a change in the money you earn from your job or get from your pension\n\nBut you must tell HMRC about any other changes, for example when you start or stop getting:\n\n- income from a new source, such as money from self-employment or rent from property\n\n- taxable benefits, such as State Pension, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance and Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- benefits from your job, such as a company car\n\n- income above your Personal Allowance\n\n- money over \u00a385,000 from self-employment (you must register for VAT over this amount)\n\n- lump sums from selling things you pay Capital Gains Tax on, such as shares or property that\u2019s not your main home\n\n- income from property, money or shares you inherit, such as dividends from shares or rent from property\n\n## If you get tax credits\n\nTell HMRC separately about changes that affect your tax credits.\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner dies\n\nTell HMRC about changes to your income after the death of your husband, wife or civil partner.\n\n## If you make Self Assessment \u2018payments on account\u2019\n\nTell HMRC if you expect a big decrease in income and you pay your Self Assessment tax bill in advance (\u2018payments on account\u2019). HMRC may decide to reduce your payments.\n\n## After you tell HMRC\n\nHMRC may:\n\n- change your tax code and send you a PAYE Coding notice\n\n- tell you to send a Self Assessment tax return so they can bill you for tax you owe\n\n- send you a refund if you paid too much tax\n\n## Relationship or family changes\n\nTell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if:\n\n- you get married or form a civil partnership\n\n- you divorce, separate or stop living with your husband, wife or partner\n\nYou can tell HMRC online if you\u2019re paid a salary or pension through PAYE. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well, your details will be updated for both.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- a Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have a Government Gateway user ID, you can create one when you tell HMRC online\n\n- a National Insurance number (a temporary reference number will not work).\n\nTell HMRC straight away \u2013 if you do not, you could pay too much tax, or get a tax bill at the end of the year.\n\n## If you get tax credits or Child Benefit\n\nTell HMRC separately about changes to your relationship or family if you get:\n\n- tax credits\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner dies\n\nContact HMRC to report:\n\n- the death of your husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- changes to your income after their death\n\n## Gender change\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually told automatically when you change gender legally by applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate.\n\nTell your employer at the same time - they must update your payroll records and National Insurance contributions.\n\nHMRC will:\n\n- update its records with your gender and any name change\n\n- tell the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)\n\n- restrict your records so only specialist staff at HMRC and DWP can access them\n\n- hand your tax affairs to HMRC\u2019s Public Department 1\n\nOnce you get a letter confirming your records have moved, you can contact Public Department 1 with questions about your tax or National Insurance.\n\n## Tell HMRC yourself\n\nYou can write to Special Section D to tell HMRC:\n\n- about your legal gender change\n\n- about your name change only if you did not change gender legally\n\n- if you do not want them to restrict your records\n\nInclude your National Insurance number, and your original Gender Recognition Certificate if you\u2019ve changed gender legally.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-hmrc-change-of-details", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend runs a pub business . He has now changed his name via deed poll.", + "original_question": "Does he need to tell HMRC?" + }, + { + "id": "train-960", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle owned two houses and decided to sell the one which he doesn't use as the main home. He has received a lump sum of money. He is cognizant of capital gain tax.\n\nQuestion: Does he have to report this income to HMRC?\n\nDocument - Tell HMRC about a change to your personal details:\n## Change of name or address\n\nHow you contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to update your name or address depends on your situation.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to change your business records if you run a business.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou need to wait until you\u2019ve moved or changed your name before telling HMRC.\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your address\n\nTell HMRC you\u2019ve changed your address. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.\n\nThere are different ways to tell HMRC if you:\n\n- only pay tax through Self Assessment\n\n- are a tax agent, for example an accountant\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your name\n\nTell HMRC your name has changed. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID you can create one when you update your name.\n\nThere are different ways to tell HMRC if you:\n\n- only pay tax through Self Assessment\n\n- are a tax agent, for example an accountant\n\nYour name will be updated automatically if you change gender.\n\n## What happens next\n\nHMRC will update your personal records for:\n\n- Income Tax and National Insurance\n\n- tax credits and benefits, including Child Benefit\n\n- services, including the Pension Service\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email to either:\n\n- confirm your change of details\n\n- ask for more information, for example legal documents for your name change\n\n## Income changes\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about changes to your taxable income.\n\nTo do this you can either:\n\n- check your Income Tax and go to \u2018Tell us about a change\u2019\n\n- call HMRC\n\nIf you do not, you could pay too much tax or get a tax bill at the end of the year.\n\n## What you must tell HMRC\n\nYour employer or pension provider tells HMRC when:\n\n- you start or finish your job\n\n- there\u2019s a change in the money you earn from your job or get from your pension\n\nBut you must tell HMRC about any other changes, for example when you start or stop getting:\n\n- income from a new source, such as money from self-employment or rent from property\n\n- taxable benefits, such as State Pension, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance and Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- benefits from your job, such as a company car\n\n- income above your Personal Allowance\n\n- money over \u00a385,000 from self-employment (you must register for VAT over this amount)\n\n- lump sums from selling things you pay Capital Gains Tax on, such as shares or property that\u2019s not your main home\n\n- income from property, money or shares you inherit, such as dividends from shares or rent from property\n\n## If you get tax credits\n\nTell HMRC separately about changes that affect your tax credits.\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner dies\n\nTell HMRC about changes to your income after the death of your husband, wife or civil partner.\n\n## If you make Self Assessment \u2018payments on account\u2019\n\nTell HMRC if you expect a big decrease in income and you pay your Self Assessment tax bill in advance (\u2018payments on account\u2019). HMRC may decide to reduce your payments.\n\n## After you tell HMRC\n\nHMRC may:\n\n- change your tax code and send you a PAYE Coding notice\n\n- tell you to send a Self Assessment tax return so they can bill you for tax you owe\n\n- send you a refund if you paid too much tax\n\n## Relationship or family changes\n\nTell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if:\n\n- you get married or form a civil partnership\n\n- you divorce, separate or stop living with your husband, wife or partner\n\nYou can tell HMRC online if you\u2019re paid a salary or pension through PAYE. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well, your details will be updated for both.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- a Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have a Government Gateway user ID, you can create one when you tell HMRC online\n\n- a National Insurance number (a temporary reference number will not work).\n\nTell HMRC straight away \u2013 if you do not, you could pay too much tax, or get a tax bill at the end of the year.\n\n## If you get tax credits or Child Benefit\n\nTell HMRC separately about changes to your relationship or family if you get:\n\n- tax credits\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner dies\n\nContact HMRC to report:\n\n- the death of your husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- changes to your income after their death\n\n## Gender change\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually told automatically when you change gender legally by applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate.\n\nTell your employer at the same time - they must update your payroll records and National Insurance contributions.\n\nHMRC will:\n\n- update its records with your gender and any name change\n\n- tell the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)\n\n- restrict your records so only specialist staff at HMRC and DWP can access them\n\n- hand your tax affairs to HMRC\u2019s Public Department 1\n\nOnce you get a letter confirming your records have moved, you can contact Public Department 1 with questions about your tax or National Insurance.\n\n## Tell HMRC yourself\n\nYou can write to Special Section D to tell HMRC:\n\n- about your legal gender change\n\n- about your name change only if you did not change gender legally\n\n- if you do not want them to restrict your records\n\nInclude your National Insurance number, and your original Gender Recognition Certificate if you\u2019ve changed gender legally.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-hmrc-change-of-details", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle owned two houses and decided to sell the one which he doesn't use as the main home. He has received a lump sum of money. He is cognizant of capital gain tax.", + "original_question": "Does he have to report this income to HMRC?" + }, + { + "id": "train-962", + "question": "Scenario: I am a UK resident. I am moving to Germany for work reasons, and I am trying to sort out my UK affairs. I currently hold an ISA and would like to keep this open.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to continue to put money into my ISA?\n\nDocument - Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs):\n## Overview\n\nYou can save tax-free with Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs).\n\nIn the 2021 to 2022 tax year, the maximum you can save in ISAs is \u00a320,000\n\nThere are 4 types of ISA:\n\n- cash ISAs\n\n- stocks and shares ISAs\n\n- innovative finance ISAs\n\n- Lifetime ISAs\n\nYou can put money into one of each kind of ISA each tax year.\n\n## Who can open an ISA\n\nYou must be:\n\n- 16 or over for a cash ISA\n\n- 18 or over for a stocks and shares or innovative finance ISA\n\n- 18 or over but under 40 for a Lifetime ISA\n\nYou must also be either:\n\n- resident in the UK\n\n- a Crown servant (for example diplomatic or overseas civil service) or their spouse or civil partner if you do not live in the UK\n\nYou cannot hold an ISA with or on behalf of someone else.\n\nYou can get a Junior ISA for children under 18.\n\n## Opening and managing an ISA for someone who lacks the mental capacity to do this for themselves\n\nA close friend or relative can apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order to open and manage an ISA for someone who cannot do this for themselves.\n\nIn Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.\n\n## How ISAs work\n\nThere are 4 types of Individual Savings Accounts (ISA):\n\n- cash ISA\n\n- stocks and shares ISA\n\n- innovative finance ISA\n\n- Lifetime ISA\n\nYou do not pay tax on:\n\n- interest on cash in an ISA\n\n- income or capital gains from investments in an ISA\n\nIf you complete a tax return, you do not need to declare any ISA interest, income or capital gains on it.\n\n## Putting money into an ISA\n\nEvery tax year you can put money into one of each kind of ISA. The tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April.\n\nYou can save up to \u00a320,000 in one type of account or split the allowance across some or all of the other types.\n\nYou can only pay \u00a34,000 into your Lifetime ISA in a tax year.\n\nYour ISAs will not close when the tax year finishes. You\u2019ll keep your savings on a tax-free basis for as long as you keep the money in your ISA accounts.\n\n## What you can include in your ISAs\n\nCash ISAs can include:\n\n- savings in bank and building society accounts\n\n- some National Savings and Investments products\n\nStocks and shares ISAs can include:\n\n- shares in companies\n\n- unit trusts and investment funds\n\n- corporate bonds\n\n- government bonds\n\nYou cannot transfer any non-ISA shares you already own into an ISA unless they\u2019re from an employee share scheme.\n\nLifetime ISAs may include either:\n\n- cash\n\n- stocks and shares\n\nInnovative finance ISAs include:\n\n- peer-to-peer loans - loans that you give to other people or businesses without using a bank\n\n- \u2018crowdfunding debentures\u2019 - investing in a business by buying its debt\n\nYou cannot transfer any peer-to-peer loans you\u2019ve already made or crowdfunding debentures you already hold into an innovative finance ISA.\n\nIf you have questions about the tax rules for ISAs, you can call the ISA Helpline.\n\n## How to open an ISA\n\nYou can get an Individual Savings Account (ISA) from:\n\n- banks\n\n- building societies\n\n- credit unions\n\n- friendly societies\n\n- stock brokers\n\n- peer-to-peer lending services\n\n- crowdfunding companies\n\n- other financial institutions\n\nContact your provider directly for more information about how to open an ISA with them.\n\n## Withdrawing your money\n\nYou can take your money out of an Individual Savings Account (ISA) at any time, without losing any tax benefits. Check the terms of your ISA to see if there are any rules or charges for making withdrawals.\n\nThere are different rules for taking your money out of a Lifetime ISA.\n\nIf your ISA is \u2018flexible\u2019, you can take out cash then put it back in during the same tax year without reducing your current year\u2019s allowance. Your provider can tell you if your ISA is flexible.\n\n## Transferring your ISA\n\nYou can transfer your Individual Savings Account (ISA) from one provider to another at any time.\n\nYou can transfer your savings to a different type of ISA or to the same type of ISA.\n\nIf you want to transfer money you\u2019ve invested in an ISA during the current year, you must transfer all of it.\n\nFor money you invested in previous years, you can choose to transfer all or part of your savings.\n\nIf you transfer cash and assets from a Lifetime ISA to a different ISA before the age of 60, you\u2019ll have to pay a withdrawal fee of 25%.\n\n## Restrictions on what you can transfer\n\nYou can transfer cash from your innovative finance ISA to another provider - but you may not be able to transfer other investments from it.\n\nCheck with your provider for any restrictions they may have on transferring ISAs. They may also make you pay a charge.\n\n## How to transfer your ISA\n\nTo switch providers, contact the ISA provider you want to move to and fill out an ISA transfer form to move your account. If you withdraw the money without doing this, you will not be able to reinvest that part of your tax-free allowance again.\n\n## Deadlines and complaints\n\nISA transfers should take no longer than:\n\n- 15 working days for transfers between cash ISAs\n\n- 30 calendar days for other types of transfer\n\nIf you want to transfer investments held in an innovative finance ISA, ask your provider how long it will take.\n\nIf your transfer takes longer than it should, contact your ISA provider.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the response, you can take the matter up with the Financial Ombudsman Service.\n\n## If you move abroad\n\nIf you open an Individual Savings Account (ISA) in the UK then move abroad, you cannot put money into it after the tax year that you move (unless you\u2019re a Crown employee working overseas or their spouse or civil partner).\n\nYou must tell your ISA provider as soon as you stop being a UK resident.\n\nHowever, you can keep your ISA open and you\u2019ll still get UK tax relief on money and investments held in it.\n\nYou can transfer an ISA to another provider even if you are not resident in the UK.\n\nYou can pay into your ISA again if you return and become a UK resident (subject to the annual ISA allowance).\n\n## If you die\n\nYour ISA will end when either:\n\n- your executor closes it\n\n- the administration of your estate is completed\n\nOtherwise, your ISA provider will close your ISA 3 years and 1 day after you die.\n\nThere will be no Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax to pay up to that date, but ISA investments will form part of your estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.\n\n## Stocks and shares ISAs\n\nYour ISA provider can be instructed to either:\n\n- sell the investments and pay the proceeds to the administrator or beneficiary of your estate\n\n- transfer the investments to your surviving spouse\u2019s or civil partner\u2019s ISA - this is only possible if they have the same ISA provider as you\n\nCheck the terms and conditions of your ISA for details.\n\n## Inheriting an ISA from your spouse or civil partner\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner dies you can inherit their ISA allowance.\n\nAs well as your normal ISA allowance you can add a tax-free amount up to either:\n\n- the value they held in their ISA when they died\n\n- the value of their ISA when it\u2019s closed\n\nContact your ISA provider or the provider of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s ISA for details.\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner died from 3 December 2014 to 5 April 2018\n\nTheir ISA ended on the date of their death. ISA investments will form part of their estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.\n\nTheir ISA provider can be instructed to sell the investments and either:\n\n- pay the proceeds to the administrator or beneficiary of their estate\n\n- transfer the investments directly to them\n\nYou can inherit their ISA allowance. As well as your normal ISA allowance, you can add a tax-free amount up to the value they held in their ISA when they died.\n\nContact your ISA provider or the provider of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s ISA for details.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/individual-savings-accounts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a UK resident. I am moving to Germany for work reasons, and I am trying to sort out my UK affairs. I currently hold an ISA and would like to keep this open.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to continue to put money into my ISA?" + }, + { + "id": "train-963", + "question": "Scenario: My partner and I are British citizens and own a property in London. We have, however, been living in Spain for the past ten years. We would now like to sell our UK property.\n\nQuestion: Are the rules the same to sell a property in the UK when we live abroad?\n\nDocument - Tax when you sell property:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:\n\n- buy-to-let properties\n\n- business premises\n\n- land\n\n- inherited property\n\nThere are different rules if you:\n\n- sell your home\n\n- live abroad\n\n- are a company registered abroad\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## When you do not pay\n\nYou do not usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou may get tax relief if the property is a business asset.\n\nIf the property was occupied by a dependent relative you may not have to pay. Find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief.\n\n## If you need to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your property and the amount you got when you sold (or \u2018disposed of\u2019) it.\n\nIf your combined capital gains are over your allowance for the year you\u2019ll have to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\n## Market value\n\nIn some situations you should use the market value of the property when working out your gain. Do this if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited it (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\n## Selling in special circumstances\n\nThere are special rules for calculating your gain if:\n\n- you live abroad\n\n- you sell a lease or part of your land\n\n- your property is compulsorily purchased\n\n## Jointly owned property\n\nIf you own property jointly with other people, work out the gain for the share that you own.\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:\n\n- estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees\n\n- costs of improvement works, for example for an extension (normal maintenance costs, such as decorating, do not count)\n\n## Reliefs\n\nYou may get tax relief if the property was:\n\n- your home\n\n- a business asset\n\n- occupied by a dependent relative - find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nOnce you know what your gain on the property is, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou cannot use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold land\n\n- sold business premises\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares\n\n- reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own\n\n- claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax on property\n\n## If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\n## Businesses\n\nYou may get tax relief if you sell property that you use for business. This may reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you pay.\n\nIf the purpose of your business is to buy and sell property (you\u2019re a property developer, for example) you do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell a property. Instead, you pay:\n\n- Income Tax - if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner\n\n- Corporation Tax - if you\u2019re a limited company\n\nThere are special rules for limited companies that dispose of a single residential property worth more than \u00a32 million.\n\n## Selling overseas property\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax when you \u2018dispose of\u2019 overseas property if you\u2019re resident in the UK.\n\nThere are special rules if you\u2019re resident in the UK but your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\nYou may also have to pay tax in the country you made the gain. If you\u2019re taxed twice, you may be able to claim relief.\n\n## If you\u2019re non-resident\n\nNon-residents may have to pay UK tax on overseas property if they return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner and I are British citizens and own a property in London. We have, however, been living in Spain for the past ten years. We would now like to sell our UK property.", + "original_question": "Are the rules the same to sell a property in the UK when we live abroad?" + }, + { + "id": "train-966", + "question": "Scenario: I have been in my job for two years now and do my own taxes. I have recently been granted a small rise in pay. This will not make much of an impact in my overall weekly income, however.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to report my rise in income to HMRC?\n\nDocument - Tax codes:\n## Overview\n\nYour tax code is used by your employer or pension provider to work out how much Income Tax to take from your pay or pension. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell them which code to use.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Find your tax code\n\nUse the check your Income Tax online service within your Personal Tax Account to find your tax code for the current year. You can also view your tax code for:\n\n- a previous tax year\n\n- the next tax year\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to sign in with Government Gateway or create an account if you do not already have one.\n\nOnce signed in, you can also see:\n\n- if your tax code has changed\n\n- how much tax you\u2019re likely to pay\n\nYou can also find your tax code on your payslip or tax code letter from HMRC.\n\n## If you think your tax code is wrong\n\nIf you think your tax code is wrong, you can update your employment details using the check your Income Tax online service.\n\nYou can also tell HMRC about a change in income that may have affected your tax code.\n\n## Why your tax code might change\n\nHMRC may update your tax code if:\n\n- you start to get income from an additional job or pension\n\n- your employer tells HMRC you have started or stopped getting benefits from your job\n\n- you get taxable state benefits\n\n- you claim Marriage Allowance\n\n- you claim expenses that you get tax relief on\n\nYou may also be put on an emergency tax code if you change jobs.\n\n## What your tax code means\n\nYour tax code is made up of several numbers and a letter.\n\n1257L is the tax code currently used for most people who have one job or pension.\n\nHMRC will usually contact you to explain how they worked out your individual tax code if your tax code changes.\n\n## What the numbers mean\n\nThe numbers in your tax code tell your employer or pension provider how much tax-free income you get in that tax year.\n\nHMRC works out your individual number based on your tax-free Personal Allowance and income you have not paid tax on (such as untaxed interest or part-time earnings). They also consider the value of any benefits from your job (such as a company car).\n\n## What the letters mean\n\nLetters in your tax code refer to your situation and how it affects your Personal Allowance.\n\n| Letters | What they mean |\n\n| L | You\u2019re entitled to the standard tax-free Personal Allowance |\n\n| M | Marriage Allowance: you\u2019ve received a transfer of 10% of your partner\u2019s Personal Allowance |\n\n| N | Marriage Allowance: you\u2019ve transferred 10% of your Personal Allowance to your partner |\n\n| T | Your tax code includes other calculations to work out your Personal Allowance |\n\n| 0T | Your Personal Allowance has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code |\n\n| BR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| D0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| D1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the additional rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| NT | You\u2019re not paying any tax on this income |\n\n| S | Your income or pension is taxed using the rates in Scotland |\n\n| S0T | Your Personal Allowance (Scotland) has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code |\n\n| SBR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| SD0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the intermediate rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| SD1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| SD2 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the top rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| C | Your income or pension is taxed using the rates in Wales |\n\n| C0T | Your Personal Allowance (Wales) has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code |\n\n| CBR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| CD0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| CD1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the additional rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n## If your tax code has \u2018W1\u2019 or \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018X\u2019 at the end\n\nThese are emergency tax codes.\n\n## If your tax code has a \u2018K\u2019 at the beginning\n\nTax codes with \u2018K\u2019 at the beginning mean you have income that is not being taxed another way and it\u2019s worth more than your tax-free allowance.\n\nFor most people, this happens when you\u2019re:\n\n- paying tax you owe from a previous year through your wages or pension\n\n- getting benefits you need to pay tax on - these can be state benefits or company benefits\n\nYour employer or pension provider takes the tax due on the income that has not been taxed from your wages or pension - even if another organisation is paying the untaxed income to you.\n\nEmployers and pension providers cannot take more than half your pre-tax wages or pension when using a K tax code.\n\n## Emergency tax codes\n\nIf you\u2019re on an emergency tax code your payslip will show:\n\n- 1257 W1\n\n- 1257 M1\n\n- 1257 X\n\nThese mean you\u2019ll pay tax on all your income above the basic Personal Allowance.\n\nYou may be put on an emergency tax code if HMRC does not get your income details in time after a change in circumstances such as:\n\n- a new job\n\n- working for an employer after being self-employed\n\n- getting company benefits or the State Pension\n\nEmergency tax codes are temporary. HMRC will usually update your tax code when you or your employer give them your correct details. If your change in circumstances means you have not paid the right amount of tax, you\u2019ll stay on the emergency tax code until you\u2019ve paid the correct tax for the year.\n\n## Updating your details\n\nYour employer can help you update your tax code by sending details about your previous income or pension to HMRC.\n\n## If you\u2019ve started a new job\n\nGive your employer your P45 from your previous job. If you do not have a P45, your employer should ask you for the information they need instead.\n\n## If you\u2019ve started working for an employer after being self-employed\n\nYour employer should give you a \u2018starter checklist\u2019 - this is a form you can use to give them details about your previous employment.\n\n## If you\u2019ve started getting company benefits or the State Pension\n\nCheck your tax code online to make sure it includes the State Pension or company benefit. If they\u2019re not included, update your details in the tax code online service or by contacting HMRC.\n\nThe emergency tax code will stay in place until the end of the tax year. This means you\u2019ll pay the right amount of tax for the current tax year. In the new tax year HMRC will put you on a regular tax code.\n\n## Tell HMRC about a change in income\n\nIn most cases, HMRC will automatically update your tax code when your income changes, for example if you start a new job, start getting a pension or receive benefits or work expenses. They\u2019ll usually get this information from your employer.\n\nIf HMRC has the wrong information about your income, you may be given an incorrect tax code.\n\nTo correct your tax code, make sure HMRC has up-to-date details about your income.\n\nCheck what you need to do if you\u2019re on an emergency tax code.\n\n## Tell HMRC about a change\n\nYou can report a change in your income by either:\n\n- using the online check your Income Tax service\n\n- contacting HMRC\n\n## If you\u2019re contacting HMRC on someone else\u2019s behalf\n\nIf you need to tell HMRC about a change in someone else\u2019s income (for example, because you\u2019re their accountant) fill in a PAYE Coding Notice query form.\n\n## After you report your change\n\nHMRC will contact you if they change your tax code.\nThey will also tell your employer or pension provider that your tax code has changed.\n\nYour next payslip should show:\n\n- your new tax code\n\n- adjustments to your pay if you were paying the wrong amount of tax\n\n## Get a tax refund or pay the tax you owe\n\nIf HMRC update your tax code and you\u2019ve paid too much or too little tax, HMRC will send you a P800 or a Simple Assessment tax calculation. This will enable you to get a refund or pay what you owe.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-codes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been in my job for two years now and do my own taxes. I have recently been granted a small rise in pay. This will not make much of an impact in my overall weekly income, however.", + "original_question": "Do I have to report my rise in income to HMRC?" + }, + { + "id": "train-967", + "question": "Scenario: I have an income of \u00a3250,000 per year. When it is adjusted, this is \u00a3280,000 per year. I am looking at the tax on my pension.\n\nQuestion: Is my annual allowance on my pension reduced?\n\nDocument - Tax on your private pension contributions:\n## Overview\n\nYour private pension contributions are tax-free up to certain limits.\n\nThis applies to most private pension schemes, for example:\n\n- workplace pensions\n\n- personal and stakeholder pensions\n\n- overseas pension schemes that qualify for UK tax relief - ask your provider if it\u2019s a \u2018qualifying overseas pension scheme\u2019\n\nPension schemes must be registered with HMRC to qualify for tax relief. Check with your pension provider if you\u2019re unsure if your scheme is registered or not.\n\nYou pay tax when you take money out of a pension.\n\n## Limits to your tax-free contributions\n\nYou usually pay tax if savings in your pension pots go above:\n\n- 100% of your earnings in a year - this is the limit on tax relief you get\n\n- \u00a340,000 a year - check your \u2018annual allowance\u2019\n\n- \u00a31,073,100 in your lifetime - this is the lifetime allowance\n\nYou also pay tax on contributions if your pension provider:\n\n- is not registered for tax relief with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- does not invest your pension pot according to HMRC\u2019s rules\n\n## Tax relief\n\nYou can get tax relief on private pension contributions worth up to 100% of your annual earnings.\n\nYou get the tax relief automatically if your:\n\n- employer takes workplace pension contributions out of your pay before deducting Income Tax\n\n- rate of Income Tax is 20% - your pension provider will claim it as tax relief and add it to your pension pot (\u2018relief at source\u2019)\n\nIf your rate of Income Tax in Scotland is 19% your pension provider will claim tax relief for you at a rate of 20%. You do not need to pay the difference.\n\nUK tax relief is also available on contributions made to certain types of overseas pension schemes.\n\nIt\u2019s up to you to make sure you\u2019re not getting tax relief on pension contributions worth more than 100% of your annual earnings. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay back anything over this limit.\n\n## Relief at source\n\nYou get relief at source in all personal and stakeholder pensions, and some workplace pensions.\n\n## To get relief at source\n\nBefore paying into a scheme, you need to agree to certain conditions about your contributions (\u2018make declarations\u2019). Your pension provider will tell you what these are.\n\nYou also need to give your pension provider your:\n\n- full name and address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- employment status - or tell them if you\u2019re retired, a full time student, a carer or aged under 16\n\nYour employer may do this for you if you\u2019re automatically enrolled in their pension scheme.\n\nYour pension provider will let you know if this is the case and ask you to confirm your details are correct. You must do this within 30 days.\n\n## When you have to claim tax relief\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief on pension contributions if:\n\n- you pay Income Tax at a rate above 20% and your pension provider claims the first 20% for you (relief at source)\n\n- your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief\n\n- someone else pays into your pension\n\n## Claim tax relief in England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nYou can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:\n\n- 20% up to the amount of any income you have paid 40% tax on\n\n- 25% up to the amount of any income you have paid 45% tax on\n\nYou can also call or write to HMRC to claim if you pay Income Tax at 40%.\n\n## Claim tax relief in Scotland\n\nYou can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:\n\n- 1% up to the amount of any income you have paid 21% tax on\n\n- 21% up to the amount of any income you have paid 41% tax on\n\n- 26% up to the amount of any income you have paid 46% tax on\n\nYou can call or write to HMRC to claim if you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\n## If your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief\n\nClaim tax relief in your Self Assessment tax return if your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief.\n\nCall or write to HMRC if you do not fill in a tax return.\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief if your pension scheme is not registered with HMRC.\n\n## If someone else pays into your pension\n\nWhen someone else (for example your partner) pays into your pension, you automatically get tax relief at 20% if your pension provider claims it for you (relief at source).\n\nIf you\u2019re in a workplace pension that allows other people to contribute you may need to claim the tax relief on those contributions - call or write to HMRC.\n\n## If you do not pay Income Tax\n\nYou still automatically get tax relief at 20% on the first \u00a32,880 you pay into a pension each tax year (6 April to 5 April) if both of the following apply to you:\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax, for example because you\u2019re on a low income\n\n- your pension provider claims tax relief for you at a rate of 20% (relief at source)\n\n## Life insurance policies\n\nYou cannot get tax relief if you use your pension contributions to pay a personal term assurance policy, unless it\u2019s a protected policy.\n\nPersonal term assurance is a life insurance policy that either:\n\n- ends when the first insured person dies\n\n- insures people who are all from the same family\n\n## Annual allowance\n\nYour annual allowance is the most you can save in your pension pots in a tax year (6 April to 5 April) before you have to pay tax.\n\nYou\u2019ll only pay tax if you go above the annual allowance. This is \u00a340,000 this tax year.\n\n## What counts towards the annual allowance\n\nYour annual allowance applies to all of your private pensions, if you have more than one. This includes:\n\n- the total amount paid in to a defined contribution scheme in a tax year by you or anyone else (for example, your employer)\n\n- any increase in a defined benefit scheme in a tax year\n\n## If you use all of your annual allowance for the current tax year\n\nYou might be able to carry over any annual allowance you did not use from the previous 3 tax years.\n\n## When your annual allowance is lower than \u00a340,000\n\nYour annual allowance might be lower if you have:\n\n- flexibly accessed your pension pot\n\n- a high income\n\n## If you flexibly access your pension\n\nYour annual allowance might be lower if you flexibly access your pension. For example, this could include taking:\n\n- cash or a short-term annuity from a flexi-access drawdown fund\n\n- cash from a pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019)\n\nThe lower allowance is called the \u2018money purchase annual allowance\u2019.\n\n## If you have a high income\n\nYou\u2019ll have a reduced (\u2018tapered\u2019) annual allowance in the current tax year if both:\n\n- your \u2018threshold income\u2019 is over \u00a3200,000\n\n- your \u2018adjusted income\u2019 is over \u00a3240,000\n\nThe threshold income and adjusted income limits are different for earlier tax years.\n\nWork out your reduced annual allowance.\n\n## If you go above the annual allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you if you go above the annual allowance in their scheme. If you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, ask each pension provider for statements.\n\nYou can also use a calculator to work out how much you\u2019ve gone above the allowance.\n\nIf you go over your annual allowance, either you or your pension provider must pay the tax.\n\nFill in the \u2018Pension savings tax charges\u2019 section of a Self Assessment tax return to tell HMRC about the tax, even if your pension provider pays all or part of it. You\u2019ll need form SA101 if you\u2019re using a paper form.\n\nYou can still claim tax relief for pension contributions on your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re above the annual allowance.\n\nHMRC does not tax anyone for going over their annual allowance in a tax year if they:\n\n- retired and took all their pension pots because of serious ill health\n\n- died\n\n## Lifetime allowance\n\nYou usually pay tax if your pension pots are worth more than the lifetime allowance. This is currently \u00a31,073,100.\n\nYou might be able to protect your pension pot from reductions to the lifetime allowance.\n\n## Check how much lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used\n\nAsk your pension provider how much of your lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used.\n\nIf you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, you must add up what you\u2019ve used in all pension schemes you belong to.\n\nWhat counts towards your allowance depends on the type of pension pot you get.\n\n| Type of pension pot | What counts towards your lifetime allowance |\n\n| Defined contribution - personal, stakeholder and most workplace schemes | Money in pension pots that goes towards paying you, however you decide to take the money |\n\n| Defined benefit - some workplace schemes | Usually 20 times the pension you get in the first year plus your lump sum - check with your pension provider |\n\nYour pension provider may ask for information about other pension schemes you\u2019re in so they can check if you\u2019re above your lifetime allowance when you:\n\n- decide to take money from a pension pot\n\n- turn 75\n\n- transfer your pension overseas\n\n## Pay tax if you go above your lifetime allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you how much tax you owe if you go above your lifetime allowance. Your pension provider will deduct the tax before you start getting your pension.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to report the tax deducted by filling in a Self Assessment tax return - download and fill in form SA101 if you\u2019re using paper forms. You\u2019ll get information from your pension provider to help you do this.\n\nIf you die before taking your pension HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will bill the person who inherits your pension for the tax.\n\n## Rates\n\nThe rate of tax you pay on pension savings above your lifetime allowance depends on how the money is paid to you - the rate is:\n\n- 55% if you get it as a lump sum\n\n- 25% if you get it any other way, for example pension payments or cash withdrawals\n\n## Protect your lifetime allowance\n\nThe lifetime allowance was reduced in April 2016. You can apply to protect your lifetime allowance from this reduction.\n\nTell your pension provider the type of protection and the protection reference number when you decide to take money from your pension pot.\n\n## Withdrawing cash from a pension pot\n\nYou cannot withdraw cash from a defined contribution pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019) if you have:\n\n- primary or enhanced protection covering a lump sum worth more than \u00a3375,000\n\n- \u2018lifetime allowance enhancement factor\u2019 if your unused lifetime allowance is less than 25% of the cash you want to withdraw\n\n## Reporting changes to HMRC\n\nYou can lose enhanced protection or any type of fixed protection if:\n\n- you make new savings in a pension scheme\n\n- you are enrolled in a new workplace pension scheme\n\n- you transfer money between pension schemes in a way that does not meet the transfer rules\n\n- you\u2019ve got enhanced protection and, when you take your pension benefits, their value has increased more than the amount allowed in the enhanced protection tax rules - this is called \u2018relevant benefit accrual\u2019\n\n- you\u2019ve got fixed protection and the value of your pension pot in any tax year grows at a higher rate than is allowed by the tax rules - this is called \u2018benefit accrual\u2019\n\nYou can report changes online or by post.\n\nAsk your employer whether they\u2019re likely to enrol you in a workplace pension. To make sure you do not lose protection, you can either:\n\n- opt out of most schemes within a month\n\n- ask not to be enrolled in some schemes - your employer may need evidence of your lifetime allowance protection\n\nTell HMRC in writing if you think you might have lost your protection.\n\n## If you have the right to take your pension before 50\n\nYou may have a reduced lifetime allowance if you have the right to take your pension before you\u2019re 50 under a pension scheme you joined before 2006.\n\nThis only applies to people in certain jobs (for example professional sports, dance and modelling) who start taking their pension before they\u2019re 55.\n\nYour lifetime allowance is not reduced if you\u2019re in a pension scheme for uniformed services, for example the armed forces, police and fire services.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-your-private-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have an income of \u00a3250,000 per year. When it is adjusted, this is \u00a3280,000 per year. I am looking at the tax on my pension.", + "original_question": "Is my annual allowance on my pension reduced?" + }, + { + "id": "train-968", + "question": "Scenario: My pension pot has risen to \u00a31,080,000 this year. My yearly income is \u00a3500,000. I am looking at the tax I will pay now.\n\nQuestion: Will I pay any additional tax now I have gone over the lifetime allowance?\n\nDocument - Tax on your private pension contributions:\n## Overview\n\nYour private pension contributions are tax-free up to certain limits.\n\nThis applies to most private pension schemes, for example:\n\n- workplace pensions\n\n- personal and stakeholder pensions\n\n- overseas pension schemes that qualify for UK tax relief - ask your provider if it\u2019s a \u2018qualifying overseas pension scheme\u2019\n\nPension schemes must be registered with HMRC to qualify for tax relief. Check with your pension provider if you\u2019re unsure if your scheme is registered or not.\n\nYou pay tax when you take money out of a pension.\n\n## Limits to your tax-free contributions\n\nYou usually pay tax if savings in your pension pots go above:\n\n- 100% of your earnings in a year - this is the limit on tax relief you get\n\n- \u00a340,000 a year - check your \u2018annual allowance\u2019\n\n- \u00a31,073,100 in your lifetime - this is the lifetime allowance\n\nYou also pay tax on contributions if your pension provider:\n\n- is not registered for tax relief with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- does not invest your pension pot according to HMRC\u2019s rules\n\n## Tax relief\n\nYou can get tax relief on private pension contributions worth up to 100% of your annual earnings.\n\nYou get the tax relief automatically if your:\n\n- employer takes workplace pension contributions out of your pay before deducting Income Tax\n\n- rate of Income Tax is 20% - your pension provider will claim it as tax relief and add it to your pension pot (\u2018relief at source\u2019)\n\nIf your rate of Income Tax in Scotland is 19% your pension provider will claim tax relief for you at a rate of 20%. You do not need to pay the difference.\n\nUK tax relief is also available on contributions made to certain types of overseas pension schemes.\n\nIt\u2019s up to you to make sure you\u2019re not getting tax relief on pension contributions worth more than 100% of your annual earnings. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay back anything over this limit.\n\n## Relief at source\n\nYou get relief at source in all personal and stakeholder pensions, and some workplace pensions.\n\n## To get relief at source\n\nBefore paying into a scheme, you need to agree to certain conditions about your contributions (\u2018make declarations\u2019). Your pension provider will tell you what these are.\n\nYou also need to give your pension provider your:\n\n- full name and address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- employment status - or tell them if you\u2019re retired, a full time student, a carer or aged under 16\n\nYour employer may do this for you if you\u2019re automatically enrolled in their pension scheme.\n\nYour pension provider will let you know if this is the case and ask you to confirm your details are correct. You must do this within 30 days.\n\n## When you have to claim tax relief\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief on pension contributions if:\n\n- you pay Income Tax at a rate above 20% and your pension provider claims the first 20% for you (relief at source)\n\n- your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief\n\n- someone else pays into your pension\n\n## Claim tax relief in England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nYou can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:\n\n- 20% up to the amount of any income you have paid 40% tax on\n\n- 25% up to the amount of any income you have paid 45% tax on\n\nYou can also call or write to HMRC to claim if you pay Income Tax at 40%.\n\n## Claim tax relief in Scotland\n\nYou can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:\n\n- 1% up to the amount of any income you have paid 21% tax on\n\n- 21% up to the amount of any income you have paid 41% tax on\n\n- 26% up to the amount of any income you have paid 46% tax on\n\nYou can call or write to HMRC to claim if you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\n## If your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief\n\nClaim tax relief in your Self Assessment tax return if your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief.\n\nCall or write to HMRC if you do not fill in a tax return.\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief if your pension scheme is not registered with HMRC.\n\n## If someone else pays into your pension\n\nWhen someone else (for example your partner) pays into your pension, you automatically get tax relief at 20% if your pension provider claims it for you (relief at source).\n\nIf you\u2019re in a workplace pension that allows other people to contribute you may need to claim the tax relief on those contributions - call or write to HMRC.\n\n## If you do not pay Income Tax\n\nYou still automatically get tax relief at 20% on the first \u00a32,880 you pay into a pension each tax year (6 April to 5 April) if both of the following apply to you:\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax, for example because you\u2019re on a low income\n\n- your pension provider claims tax relief for you at a rate of 20% (relief at source)\n\n## Life insurance policies\n\nYou cannot get tax relief if you use your pension contributions to pay a personal term assurance policy, unless it\u2019s a protected policy.\n\nPersonal term assurance is a life insurance policy that either:\n\n- ends when the first insured person dies\n\n- insures people who are all from the same family\n\n## Annual allowance\n\nYour annual allowance is the most you can save in your pension pots in a tax year (6 April to 5 April) before you have to pay tax.\n\nYou\u2019ll only pay tax if you go above the annual allowance. This is \u00a340,000 this tax year.\n\n## What counts towards the annual allowance\n\nYour annual allowance applies to all of your private pensions, if you have more than one. This includes:\n\n- the total amount paid in to a defined contribution scheme in a tax year by you or anyone else (for example, your employer)\n\n- any increase in a defined benefit scheme in a tax year\n\n## If you use all of your annual allowance for the current tax year\n\nYou might be able to carry over any annual allowance you did not use from the previous 3 tax years.\n\n## When your annual allowance is lower than \u00a340,000\n\nYour annual allowance might be lower if you have:\n\n- flexibly accessed your pension pot\n\n- a high income\n\n## If you flexibly access your pension\n\nYour annual allowance might be lower if you flexibly access your pension. For example, this could include taking:\n\n- cash or a short-term annuity from a flexi-access drawdown fund\n\n- cash from a pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019)\n\nThe lower allowance is called the \u2018money purchase annual allowance\u2019.\n\n## If you have a high income\n\nYou\u2019ll have a reduced (\u2018tapered\u2019) annual allowance in the current tax year if both:\n\n- your \u2018threshold income\u2019 is over \u00a3200,000\n\n- your \u2018adjusted income\u2019 is over \u00a3240,000\n\nThe threshold income and adjusted income limits are different for earlier tax years.\n\nWork out your reduced annual allowance.\n\n## If you go above the annual allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you if you go above the annual allowance in their scheme. If you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, ask each pension provider for statements.\n\nYou can also use a calculator to work out how much you\u2019ve gone above the allowance.\n\nIf you go over your annual allowance, either you or your pension provider must pay the tax.\n\nFill in the \u2018Pension savings tax charges\u2019 section of a Self Assessment tax return to tell HMRC about the tax, even if your pension provider pays all or part of it. You\u2019ll need form SA101 if you\u2019re using a paper form.\n\nYou can still claim tax relief for pension contributions on your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re above the annual allowance.\n\nHMRC does not tax anyone for going over their annual allowance in a tax year if they:\n\n- retired and took all their pension pots because of serious ill health\n\n- died\n\n## Lifetime allowance\n\nYou usually pay tax if your pension pots are worth more than the lifetime allowance. This is currently \u00a31,073,100.\n\nYou might be able to protect your pension pot from reductions to the lifetime allowance.\n\n## Check how much lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used\n\nAsk your pension provider how much of your lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used.\n\nIf you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, you must add up what you\u2019ve used in all pension schemes you belong to.\n\nWhat counts towards your allowance depends on the type of pension pot you get.\n\n| Type of pension pot | What counts towards your lifetime allowance |\n\n| Defined contribution - personal, stakeholder and most workplace schemes | Money in pension pots that goes towards paying you, however you decide to take the money |\n\n| Defined benefit - some workplace schemes | Usually 20 times the pension you get in the first year plus your lump sum - check with your pension provider |\n\nYour pension provider may ask for information about other pension schemes you\u2019re in so they can check if you\u2019re above your lifetime allowance when you:\n\n- decide to take money from a pension pot\n\n- turn 75\n\n- transfer your pension overseas\n\n## Pay tax if you go above your lifetime allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you how much tax you owe if you go above your lifetime allowance. Your pension provider will deduct the tax before you start getting your pension.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to report the tax deducted by filling in a Self Assessment tax return - download and fill in form SA101 if you\u2019re using paper forms. You\u2019ll get information from your pension provider to help you do this.\n\nIf you die before taking your pension HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will bill the person who inherits your pension for the tax.\n\n## Rates\n\nThe rate of tax you pay on pension savings above your lifetime allowance depends on how the money is paid to you - the rate is:\n\n- 55% if you get it as a lump sum\n\n- 25% if you get it any other way, for example pension payments or cash withdrawals\n\n## Protect your lifetime allowance\n\nThe lifetime allowance was reduced in April 2016. You can apply to protect your lifetime allowance from this reduction.\n\nTell your pension provider the type of protection and the protection reference number when you decide to take money from your pension pot.\n\n## Withdrawing cash from a pension pot\n\nYou cannot withdraw cash from a defined contribution pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019) if you have:\n\n- primary or enhanced protection covering a lump sum worth more than \u00a3375,000\n\n- \u2018lifetime allowance enhancement factor\u2019 if your unused lifetime allowance is less than 25% of the cash you want to withdraw\n\n## Reporting changes to HMRC\n\nYou can lose enhanced protection or any type of fixed protection if:\n\n- you make new savings in a pension scheme\n\n- you are enrolled in a new workplace pension scheme\n\n- you transfer money between pension schemes in a way that does not meet the transfer rules\n\n- you\u2019ve got enhanced protection and, when you take your pension benefits, their value has increased more than the amount allowed in the enhanced protection tax rules - this is called \u2018relevant benefit accrual\u2019\n\n- you\u2019ve got fixed protection and the value of your pension pot in any tax year grows at a higher rate than is allowed by the tax rules - this is called \u2018benefit accrual\u2019\n\nYou can report changes online or by post.\n\nAsk your employer whether they\u2019re likely to enrol you in a workplace pension. To make sure you do not lose protection, you can either:\n\n- opt out of most schemes within a month\n\n- ask not to be enrolled in some schemes - your employer may need evidence of your lifetime allowance protection\n\nTell HMRC in writing if you think you might have lost your protection.\n\n## If you have the right to take your pension before 50\n\nYou may have a reduced lifetime allowance if you have the right to take your pension before you\u2019re 50 under a pension scheme you joined before 2006.\n\nThis only applies to people in certain jobs (for example professional sports, dance and modelling) who start taking their pension before they\u2019re 55.\n\nYour lifetime allowance is not reduced if you\u2019re in a pension scheme for uniformed services, for example the armed forces, police and fire services.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-your-private-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My pension pot has risen to \u00a31,080,000 this year. My yearly income is \u00a3500,000. I am looking at the tax I will pay now.", + "original_question": "Will I pay any additional tax now I have gone over the lifetime allowance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-969", + "question": "Scenario: I am a vehicle dealer having a annual income of \u00a31,300000 and I have got a lot of engagement with my work. I always file my returns very late. I need help to have all my taxes paid promptly.\n\nQuestion: Can i join the VAT annual accounting scheme?\n\nDocument - VAT Annual Accounting Scheme:\n## Overview\n\nUsually, VAT-registered businesses submit their VAT Returns and payments to HM Revenue and Customs 4 times a year.\n\nWith the Annual Accounting Scheme you:\n\n- make advance VAT payments towards your VAT bill - based on your last return (or estimated if you\u2019re new to VAT)\n\n- submit 1 VAT Return a year\n\nFrom 1 April 2019, most businesses will need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.\n\nWhen you submit your VAT Return you either:\n\n- make a final payment - the difference between your advance payments and actual VAT bill\n\n- apply for a refund - if you\u2019ve overpaid your VAT bill\n\nThe scheme would not suit your business if you regularly reclaim VAT because you\u2019ll only be able to get 1 refund a year (when you submit the VAT Return).\n\nYou can join the scheme if your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less.\n\nTalk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Annual Accounting Scheme is right for you.\n\n## Join or leave the scheme\n\nYou must be eligible to join the scheme.\n\n## How to join\n\nYou can join the scheme:\n\n- online - when you register for VAT\n\n- by post - fill in VAT600 AA (or use VAT600 AA/FRS to apply for the Flat Rate Scheme at the same time)\n\nDo not use the address on the form - send it to the following address instead.\n\nConfirmation you\u2019ve joined the scheme is sent to your VAT online account (or in the post if you do not apply online).\n\n## How to leave\n\nYou can leave the scheme at any time, but you must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it.\n\nTo leave, write to HMRC and they will confirm when you can leave. From this date, you must account for your VAT in the usual way.\n\nYou have to wait 12 months before you can rejoin the scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can join the Annual Accounting Scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re a VAT-registered business\n\n- your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months\n\nVAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use the scheme if:\n\n- you left the scheme in the last 12 months\n\n- your business is part of a VAT registered division or group of companies\n\n- you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments\n\n- you\u2019re insolvent\n\n## Leaving the scheme\n\nYou must leave the scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it\n\n- your VAT taxable turnover is (or is likely to be) more than \u00a31.6 million at the end of the annual accounting year\n\n## Return and payment deadlines\n\nCheck your VAT Return and payment deadlines in your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account.\n\n## VAT Return deadline\n\nThere are 12 months in your VAT accounting period. Your VAT Return is due once a year, 2 months after the end of your accounting period.\n\nMost businesses now need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.\n\n## Payment deadlines\n\nYou must make advance payments towards your VAT bill (either monthly or quarterly) during your accounting period and a final payment when you submit your VAT Return.\n\n| Payment | Deadline |\n\n| Monthly | Due at the end of months 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 |\n\n| Quarterly | Due at the end of months 4, 7 and 10 |\n\n| Final payment | Within 2 months of month 12 |\n\n## How much do you pay\n\nEach payment is either 10% of your estimated VAT bill (monthly payments) or 25% (quarterly payments). The amount is based on previous VAT returns (or estimated if you\u2019re new to VAT).\n\nHMRC will write telling you when your instalments are due and how much they\u2019ll be.\n\nThe final payment (known as a \u2018balancing payment\u2019) is the difference between your advance payments and the actual VAT bill confirmed on your VAT Return.\n\nYou may be due a VAT refund if you\u2019ve overpaid HMRC.\n\nYou must pay VAT to HMRC electronically, for example by Direct Debit or internet banking.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-annual-accounting-scheme", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a vehicle dealer having a annual income of \u00a31,300000 and I have got a lot of engagement with my work. I always file my returns very late. I need help to have all my taxes paid promptly.", + "original_question": "Can i join the VAT annual accounting scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-972", + "question": "Scenario: During the lockdown I studied the stock market and I think that the best option for my future is to invest in some index funds, unfortunately I was diagnosed a cancer last year and I would like to invest some money for my wife and my child.\n\nQuestion: Is the ISA going to be part of my inheritance that my family is going to receive if I die?\n\nDocument - Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs):\n## Overview\n\nYou can save tax-free with Individual Savings Accounts (ISAs).\n\nIn the 2021 to 2022 tax year, the maximum you can save in ISAs is \u00a320,000\n\nThere are 4 types of ISA:\n\n- cash ISAs\n\n- stocks and shares ISAs\n\n- innovative finance ISAs\n\n- Lifetime ISAs\n\nYou can put money into one of each kind of ISA each tax year.\n\n## Who can open an ISA\n\nYou must be:\n\n- 16 or over for a cash ISA\n\n- 18 or over for a stocks and shares or innovative finance ISA\n\n- 18 or over but under 40 for a Lifetime ISA\n\nYou must also be either:\n\n- resident in the UK\n\n- a Crown servant (for example diplomatic or overseas civil service) or their spouse or civil partner if you do not live in the UK\n\nYou cannot hold an ISA with or on behalf of someone else.\n\nYou can get a Junior ISA for children under 18.\n\n## Opening and managing an ISA for someone who lacks the mental capacity to do this for themselves\n\nA close friend or relative can apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order to open and manage an ISA for someone who cannot do this for themselves.\n\nIn Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.\n\n## How ISAs work\n\nThere are 4 types of Individual Savings Accounts (ISA):\n\n- cash ISA\n\n- stocks and shares ISA\n\n- innovative finance ISA\n\n- Lifetime ISA\n\nYou do not pay tax on:\n\n- interest on cash in an ISA\n\n- income or capital gains from investments in an ISA\n\nIf you complete a tax return, you do not need to declare any ISA interest, income or capital gains on it.\n\n## Putting money into an ISA\n\nEvery tax year you can put money into one of each kind of ISA. The tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April.\n\nYou can save up to \u00a320,000 in one type of account or split the allowance across some or all of the other types.\n\nYou can only pay \u00a34,000 into your Lifetime ISA in a tax year.\n\nYour ISAs will not close when the tax year finishes. You\u2019ll keep your savings on a tax-free basis for as long as you keep the money in your ISA accounts.\n\n## What you can include in your ISAs\n\nCash ISAs can include:\n\n- savings in bank and building society accounts\n\n- some National Savings and Investments products\n\nStocks and shares ISAs can include:\n\n- shares in companies\n\n- unit trusts and investment funds\n\n- corporate bonds\n\n- government bonds\n\nYou cannot transfer any non-ISA shares you already own into an ISA unless they\u2019re from an employee share scheme.\n\nLifetime ISAs may include either:\n\n- cash\n\n- stocks and shares\n\nInnovative finance ISAs include:\n\n- peer-to-peer loans - loans that you give to other people or businesses without using a bank\n\n- \u2018crowdfunding debentures\u2019 - investing in a business by buying its debt\n\nYou cannot transfer any peer-to-peer loans you\u2019ve already made or crowdfunding debentures you already hold into an innovative finance ISA.\n\nIf you have questions about the tax rules for ISAs, you can call the ISA Helpline.\n\n## How to open an ISA\n\nYou can get an Individual Savings Account (ISA) from:\n\n- banks\n\n- building societies\n\n- credit unions\n\n- friendly societies\n\n- stock brokers\n\n- peer-to-peer lending services\n\n- crowdfunding companies\n\n- other financial institutions\n\nContact your provider directly for more information about how to open an ISA with them.\n\n## Withdrawing your money\n\nYou can take your money out of an Individual Savings Account (ISA) at any time, without losing any tax benefits. Check the terms of your ISA to see if there are any rules or charges for making withdrawals.\n\nThere are different rules for taking your money out of a Lifetime ISA.\n\nIf your ISA is \u2018flexible\u2019, you can take out cash then put it back in during the same tax year without reducing your current year\u2019s allowance. Your provider can tell you if your ISA is flexible.\n\n## Transferring your ISA\n\nYou can transfer your Individual Savings Account (ISA) from one provider to another at any time.\n\nYou can transfer your savings to a different type of ISA or to the same type of ISA.\n\nIf you want to transfer money you\u2019ve invested in an ISA during the current year, you must transfer all of it.\n\nFor money you invested in previous years, you can choose to transfer all or part of your savings.\n\nIf you transfer cash and assets from a Lifetime ISA to a different ISA before the age of 60, you\u2019ll have to pay a withdrawal fee of 25%.\n\n## Restrictions on what you can transfer\n\nYou can transfer cash from your innovative finance ISA to another provider - but you may not be able to transfer other investments from it.\n\nCheck with your provider for any restrictions they may have on transferring ISAs. They may also make you pay a charge.\n\n## How to transfer your ISA\n\nTo switch providers, contact the ISA provider you want to move to and fill out an ISA transfer form to move your account. If you withdraw the money without doing this, you will not be able to reinvest that part of your tax-free allowance again.\n\n## Deadlines and complaints\n\nISA transfers should take no longer than:\n\n- 15 working days for transfers between cash ISAs\n\n- 30 calendar days for other types of transfer\n\nIf you want to transfer investments held in an innovative finance ISA, ask your provider how long it will take.\n\nIf your transfer takes longer than it should, contact your ISA provider.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the response, you can take the matter up with the Financial Ombudsman Service.\n\n## If you move abroad\n\nIf you open an Individual Savings Account (ISA) in the UK then move abroad, you cannot put money into it after the tax year that you move (unless you\u2019re a Crown employee working overseas or their spouse or civil partner).\n\nYou must tell your ISA provider as soon as you stop being a UK resident.\n\nHowever, you can keep your ISA open and you\u2019ll still get UK tax relief on money and investments held in it.\n\nYou can transfer an ISA to another provider even if you are not resident in the UK.\n\nYou can pay into your ISA again if you return and become a UK resident (subject to the annual ISA allowance).\n\n## If you die\n\nYour ISA will end when either:\n\n- your executor closes it\n\n- the administration of your estate is completed\n\nOtherwise, your ISA provider will close your ISA 3 years and 1 day after you die.\n\nThere will be no Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax to pay up to that date, but ISA investments will form part of your estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.\n\n## Stocks and shares ISAs\n\nYour ISA provider can be instructed to either:\n\n- sell the investments and pay the proceeds to the administrator or beneficiary of your estate\n\n- transfer the investments to your surviving spouse\u2019s or civil partner\u2019s ISA - this is only possible if they have the same ISA provider as you\n\nCheck the terms and conditions of your ISA for details.\n\n## Inheriting an ISA from your spouse or civil partner\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner dies you can inherit their ISA allowance.\n\nAs well as your normal ISA allowance you can add a tax-free amount up to either:\n\n- the value they held in their ISA when they died\n\n- the value of their ISA when it\u2019s closed\n\nContact your ISA provider or the provider of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s ISA for details.\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner died from 3 December 2014 to 5 April 2018\n\nTheir ISA ended on the date of their death. ISA investments will form part of their estate for Inheritance Tax purposes.\n\nTheir ISA provider can be instructed to sell the investments and either:\n\n- pay the proceeds to the administrator or beneficiary of their estate\n\n- transfer the investments directly to them\n\nYou can inherit their ISA allowance. As well as your normal ISA allowance, you can add a tax-free amount up to the value they held in their ISA when they died.\n\nContact your ISA provider or the provider of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s ISA for details.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/individual-savings-accounts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "During the lockdown I studied the stock market and I think that the best option for my future is to invest in some index funds, unfortunately I was diagnosed a cancer last year and I would like to invest some money for my wife and my child.", + "original_question": "Is the ISA going to be part of my inheritance that my family is going to receive if I die?" + }, + { + "id": "train-973", + "question": "Scenario: I want to take my whole pension of \u00a3250,000 out in a lump sum. I am wondering what would the tax implications be for this.\n\nQuestion: Will I have to pay tax on this lump sum?\n\nDocument - Tax when you get a pension:\n## What\u2019s taxed\n\nYou pay tax if your total annual income adds up to more than your Personal Allowance. Find out about your Personal Allowance and Income Tax rates.\n\nYour total income could include:\n\n- the State Pension you get (either the basic State Pension or the new State Pension)\n\n- Additional State Pension\n\n- a private pension (workplace or personal) - you can take some of this tax-free\n\n- earnings from employment or self-employment\n\n- any taxable benefits you get\n\n- any other income, such as money from investments, property or savings\n\nYou may have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from a private pension. You may also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.\n\n## If your private pensions total more than \u00a31,073,100\n\nYou usually pay a tax charge if the total value of your private pensions is more than \u00a31,073,100. Your pension provider will take off the charge before you get your payment.\n\n## Tax if someone inherits your pension\n\nOther rules apply if someone inherits your State pension or your private pension.\n\n## What's tax-free\n\nYou won\u2019t usually pay any tax if your total annual income adds up to less than your Personal Allowance.\n\n## Lump sums from your pension\n\nYou can usually take up to 25% of the amount built up in any pension as a tax-free lump sum. The tax-free lump sum doesn\u2019t affect your Personal Allowance.\n\nTax is taken off the remaining amount before you get it.\n\nWhen you can take your pension depends on your pension\u2019s rules. It\u2019s usually 55 at the earliest.\n\nYou might have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from your pension. You could also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.\n\n## How you can take your pension\n\n## A pension worth up to \u00a310,000\n\nYou can usually take any pension worth up to \u00a310,000 in one go. This is called a \u2018small pot\u2019 lump sum. If you take this option, 25% is tax-free.\n\nYou can usually get:\n\n- up to 3 small pot lump sums from different personal pensions\n\n- unlimited small pot lump sums from different workplace pensions\n\n## A pension worth up to \u00a330,000 that includes a defined benefit pension\n\nIf you have \u00a330,000 or less in all of your private pensions, you can usually take everything you have in your defined benefit pension or defined contribution pension as a \u2018trivial commutation\u2019 lump sum. If you take this option, 25% is tax-free.\n\nIf this lump sum is paid from more than one pension, you must:\n\n- have your savings in each scheme valued by the provider on the same day, no more than 3 months before you get the first payment\n\n- get all payments within 12 months of the first payment\n\nIf you take payments from a pension before taking the rest as a lump sum, you pay tax on the whole lump sum.\n\n## Cash from a defined contribution pension\n\nCheck with your provider about how you can take money from a defined contribution pension. You can take:\n\n- all the money built up in your pension as cash - up to 25% is tax-free\n\n- smaller cash sums from your pension - up to 25% of each sum is tax-free\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge on money you put into your pension after you withdraw cash.\n\n## If your life expectancy is less than a year\n\nYou may be able to take all the money in your pension as a tax-free lump sum, if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness\n\n- you\u2019re under 75\n\n- you don\u2019t have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings\n\nIf you\u2019re over 75 you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the lump sum.\n\nCheck with your pension provider. Some pension funds will keep at least 50% of your pension for your spouse or civil partner.\n\n## How your tax is paid\n\n## If you get the State Pension and a private pension\n\nYour pension provider will take off any tax you owe before they pay you. They\u2019ll also take off any tax you owe on your State Pension.\n\nIf you get payments from more than one provider (for example, from a workplace pension and a personal pension), HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask one of your providers to take the tax off your State Pension.\n\nAt the end of the tax year you\u2019ll get a P60 from your pension provider showing how much tax you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## If the State Pension is your only income\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for paying any tax you owe. Fill in and send a Self Assessment tax return if you owe anything.\n\nIf you started getting your pension on or after 6 April 2016, don\u2019t send a tax return. HMRC will write to tell you what you owe and how to pay.\n\n## If you continue to work\n\nYour employer will take any tax due off your earnings and your State Pension. This is called Pay As You Earn (PAYE).\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you must fill in a Self Assessment tax return at the end of the tax year. You must declare your overall income, including the State Pension and money from private pensions, for example your workplace pension.\n\n## If you have other income\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for paying any tax you owe on income other than money from your pensions. You might have to fill in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much tax.\n\n## Tax codes\n\nIf your income only comes from one source you\u2019ll usually have one tax code.\n\nYou can have several tax codes if you have income from more than one source.\n\nYou can get your tax code corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## Tax when you live abroad\n\nIf you live abroad but are classed as a UK resident for tax purposes, you may have to pay UK tax on your pension. The amount you pay depends on your income.\n\nIf you\u2019re not a UK resident, you don\u2019t usually pay UK tax on your pension. But you might have to pay tax in the country you live in. There are a few exceptions - for example, UK civil service pensions will always be taxed in the UK.\n\n## Double tax\n\nIf you live in a country without a \u2018double taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK, you might have to pay tax in both countries.\n\n## Higher tax on unauthorised payments\n\nYou\u2019ll pay up to 55% tax on payments from your pension provider if they make an \u2018unauthorised payment\u2019. This is a payment made outside of the government\u2019s tax rules and usually includes:\n\n- any payments before you\u2019re 55 (there are exceptions)\n\n- a \u2018trivial commutation\u2019 lump sum of over \u00a330,000\n\n- regular payments into your account after you\u2019ve died\n\nSome companies advertise personal loans or cash advances if you take your pension early. These payments are unauthorised and you have to pay tax on them.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to take my whole pension of \u00a3250,000 out in a lump sum. I am wondering what would the tax implications be for this.", + "original_question": "Will I have to pay tax on this lump sum?" + }, + { + "id": "train-974", + "question": "Scenario: I am 65 year old, and I have been told that I only have three years to live. I have a pension pot of \u00a3750,000.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible for the full free tax benefit from my low life expectancy?\n\nDocument - Tax when you get a pension:\n## What\u2019s taxed\n\nYou pay tax if your total annual income adds up to more than your Personal Allowance. Find out about your Personal Allowance and Income Tax rates.\n\nYour total income could include:\n\n- the State Pension you get (either the basic State Pension or the new State Pension)\n\n- Additional State Pension\n\n- a private pension (workplace or personal) - you can take some of this tax-free\n\n- earnings from employment or self-employment\n\n- any taxable benefits you get\n\n- any other income, such as money from investments, property or savings\n\nYou may have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from a private pension. You may also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.\n\n## If your private pensions total more than \u00a31,073,100\n\nYou usually pay a tax charge if the total value of your private pensions is more than \u00a31,073,100. Your pension provider will take off the charge before you get your payment.\n\n## Tax if someone inherits your pension\n\nOther rules apply if someone inherits your State pension or your private pension.\n\n## What's tax-free\n\nYou won\u2019t usually pay any tax if your total annual income adds up to less than your Personal Allowance.\n\n## Lump sums from your pension\n\nYou can usually take up to 25% of the amount built up in any pension as a tax-free lump sum. The tax-free lump sum doesn\u2019t affect your Personal Allowance.\n\nTax is taken off the remaining amount before you get it.\n\nWhen you can take your pension depends on your pension\u2019s rules. It\u2019s usually 55 at the earliest.\n\nYou might have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from your pension. You could also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.\n\n## How you can take your pension\n\n## A pension worth up to \u00a310,000\n\nYou can usually take any pension worth up to \u00a310,000 in one go. This is called a \u2018small pot\u2019 lump sum. If you take this option, 25% is tax-free.\n\nYou can usually get:\n\n- up to 3 small pot lump sums from different personal pensions\n\n- unlimited small pot lump sums from different workplace pensions\n\n## A pension worth up to \u00a330,000 that includes a defined benefit pension\n\nIf you have \u00a330,000 or less in all of your private pensions, you can usually take everything you have in your defined benefit pension or defined contribution pension as a \u2018trivial commutation\u2019 lump sum. If you take this option, 25% is tax-free.\n\nIf this lump sum is paid from more than one pension, you must:\n\n- have your savings in each scheme valued by the provider on the same day, no more than 3 months before you get the first payment\n\n- get all payments within 12 months of the first payment\n\nIf you take payments from a pension before taking the rest as a lump sum, you pay tax on the whole lump sum.\n\n## Cash from a defined contribution pension\n\nCheck with your provider about how you can take money from a defined contribution pension. You can take:\n\n- all the money built up in your pension as cash - up to 25% is tax-free\n\n- smaller cash sums from your pension - up to 25% of each sum is tax-free\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge on money you put into your pension after you withdraw cash.\n\n## If your life expectancy is less than a year\n\nYou may be able to take all the money in your pension as a tax-free lump sum, if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness\n\n- you\u2019re under 75\n\n- you don\u2019t have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings\n\nIf you\u2019re over 75 you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the lump sum.\n\nCheck with your pension provider. Some pension funds will keep at least 50% of your pension for your spouse or civil partner.\n\n## How your tax is paid\n\n## If you get the State Pension and a private pension\n\nYour pension provider will take off any tax you owe before they pay you. They\u2019ll also take off any tax you owe on your State Pension.\n\nIf you get payments from more than one provider (for example, from a workplace pension and a personal pension), HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask one of your providers to take the tax off your State Pension.\n\nAt the end of the tax year you\u2019ll get a P60 from your pension provider showing how much tax you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## If the State Pension is your only income\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for paying any tax you owe. Fill in and send a Self Assessment tax return if you owe anything.\n\nIf you started getting your pension on or after 6 April 2016, don\u2019t send a tax return. HMRC will write to tell you what you owe and how to pay.\n\n## If you continue to work\n\nYour employer will take any tax due off your earnings and your State Pension. This is called Pay As You Earn (PAYE).\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you must fill in a Self Assessment tax return at the end of the tax year. You must declare your overall income, including the State Pension and money from private pensions, for example your workplace pension.\n\n## If you have other income\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for paying any tax you owe on income other than money from your pensions. You might have to fill in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much tax.\n\n## Tax codes\n\nIf your income only comes from one source you\u2019ll usually have one tax code.\n\nYou can have several tax codes if you have income from more than one source.\n\nYou can get your tax code corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## Tax when you live abroad\n\nIf you live abroad but are classed as a UK resident for tax purposes, you may have to pay UK tax on your pension. The amount you pay depends on your income.\n\nIf you\u2019re not a UK resident, you don\u2019t usually pay UK tax on your pension. But you might have to pay tax in the country you live in. There are a few exceptions - for example, UK civil service pensions will always be taxed in the UK.\n\n## Double tax\n\nIf you live in a country without a \u2018double taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK, you might have to pay tax in both countries.\n\n## Higher tax on unauthorised payments\n\nYou\u2019ll pay up to 55% tax on payments from your pension provider if they make an \u2018unauthorised payment\u2019. This is a payment made outside of the government\u2019s tax rules and usually includes:\n\n- any payments before you\u2019re 55 (there are exceptions)\n\n- a \u2018trivial commutation\u2019 lump sum of over \u00a330,000\n\n- regular payments into your account after you\u2019ve died\n\nSome companies advertise personal loans or cash advances if you take your pension early. These payments are unauthorised and you have to pay tax on them.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 65 year old, and I have been told that I only have three years to live. I have a pension pot of \u00a3750,000.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible for the full free tax benefit from my low life expectancy?" + }, + { + "id": "train-975", + "question": "Scenario: I have had part of my garden purchased to make way for a new road. The road has now opened, and the noise of the road is keeping me awake.\n\nQuestion: Is there any compensation I can apply for?\n\nDocument - Noise from roads, trains or planes:\n## Vehicle noise limits\n\nThere are limits to the amount of noise that vehicles can make on public roads. This applies to all types of vehicles.\n\nIn general, larger vehicles with bigger engines are able to make more noise.\n\n## Noise limits on tyres\n\nThere are noise limits on tyres and since November 2012 all new tyres are graded and labelled to show how noisy they are.\n\n## Modified exhaust systems\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to modify the exhaust system to make a vehicle noisier after it has been \u2018type approved\u2019 (checked it meets environmental and safety standards).\n\nThe police can also take action if your vehicle\u2019s silencer doesn\u2019t work in the way it was designed or if you\u2019re driving in a way that creates too much noise.\n\n## Noise from roads\n\nThere\u2019s no legal limit to road noise, although noise levels might be taken into account when new roads or houses and offices near roads are planned.\n\n## Planned new roads\n\nWhen planning a new road local highway authorities assess how the noise at your property will change when the road opens.\n\nIf noise from a new road exceeds certain levels at your home you might be able to get sound insulation.\n\nContact your highway authority to apply, or if you\u2019re worried about the noise from a planned road scheme - get their details from your local council.\n\n## Compulsory purchase and road noise\n\nWhen a new road is built, it often involves the \u2018compulsory purchase\u2019 of land to make way for the road.\n\nYou might be able to get compensation if a compulsory purchase means you become affected by road noise. Find out more in the guide \u2018Your property and compulsory purchase\u2019.\n\n## After roads open to traffic\n\nYou can apply for compensation if your property value goes down because of road noise from the use of a new or altered road.\n\n## Railway noise\n\nThere are no legal limits to noise from existing railways.\n\nIf you think that noise levels are affecting your health contact your local council who will investigate on your behalf.\n\nIf noise from a new railway affects your property you might be able to get sound insulation for your home. Contact the relevant rail authority - ask your local council for their details.\n\nIf particular trains are causing you a problem, speak to the company running those trains.\n\nFind information on train operators on the National Rail website or call Network Rail.\n\n## Aircraft noise\n\nNoise is regulated to some extent at all UK airports. This can include noise limits and restrictions on night flights.\n\nAircraft paths are generally designed to fly over the least populated areas.\n\nSome airports operate grant schemes to install sound insulation in affected homes. Contact the airport that affects you to find out if they run one.\n\nThe Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) has more information on aircraft noise and emissions.\n\n## Complaining about aircraft noise\n\nTo complain about noise or aircraft activities in general, get in touch with the relevant airport.\n\n## Military aircraft\n\nMilitary aircraft are covered by different rules. You can complain about military aircraft noise or low flying military aircraft.\n\n## Further information\n\nThere are strategic noise maps for England provided by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).\n\nThese estimate noise from:\n\n- major roads - those with more than 6 million vehicle passages annually\n\n- major railways - those with more than 60,000 train passages annually\n\n- major airports - those with more than 50,000 aircraft movements annually (except for training on light aircraft)\n\nThey also estimate noise in urban areas (with populations greater than 250,000 and a certain population density).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have had part of my garden purchased to make way for a new road. The road has now opened, and the noise of the road is keeping me awake.", + "original_question": "Is there any compensation I can apply for?" + }, + { + "id": "train-978", + "question": "Scenario: Me and some friends have got together to start buying some shares. It seems to be easier to it collectively.\n\nQuestion: Are there specific rules for such things?\n\nDocument - Tax when you sell shares:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) shares or other investments.\n\nShares and investments you may need to pay tax on include:\n\n- shares that are not in an ISA or PEP\n\n- units in a unit trust\n\n- certain bonds (not including Premium Bonds and Qualifying Corporate Bonds)\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax. This will depend on if your total gains are above your Capital Gains Tax allowance for the tax year.\n\n## When you do not pay it\n\nYou do not usually need to pay tax if you give shares as a gift to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou also do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you dispose of:\n\n- shares you\u2019ve put into an ISA or PEP\n\n- shares in employer Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)\n\n- UK government gilts (including Premium Bonds)\n\n- Qualifying Corporate Bonds\n\n- employee shareholder shares - depending on when you got them\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your shares and what you sold them for.\n\n## Market value\n\nIn some situations you should use the market value of the shares when working out your gain. Do this if:\n\n- you gave them away as a gift to someone other than your spouse, civil partner or a charity\n\n- you sold them for less than they were worth\n\n- you inherited them and do not know the Inheritance Tax value\n\n- you owned them before April 1982\n\n- you acquired them through certain Employee Share Schemes\n\nIf the shares were given or sold to you by someone who claimed Gift Hold-Over Relief, use the amount that person paid for them to work out your gain. If you paid less than they were worth, use the amount you paid for them.\n\n## Selling in special circumstances\n\nThere are special rules for working out the cost of your shares if you sell:\n\n- shares you bought at different times and prices in one company\n\n- shares through an investment club\n\n- shares after a company merger or takeover\n\n- employee share scheme shares\n\n## Jointly owned shares and investments\n\nIf you sell shares or investments that you own jointly with other people, work out the gain for the portion that you own, instead of the whole value. There are different rules for investment clubs.\n\n## What to do next\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct certain costs of buying or selling your shares from your gain. These include:\n\n- fees, for example stockbrokers\u2019 fees\n\n- Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) when you bought the shares\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\n## Apply reliefs\n\nYou may be able to reduce or delay paying Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nWhen you know your gain you need to work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou may be able to work out how much tax to pay on your shares.\n\nYou can use the calculator if you sold shares that were:\n\n- the same type, acquired in the same company on the same date\n\n- sold at the same time\n\nYou can not use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold other shares in the tax year\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, such as a property you let out\n\n- claim any reliefs\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\nYou can claim losses on shares you own if they become worthless or of \u2018negligible value\u2019 (for example because the company goes into liquidation).\n\nHMRC has guidance on making a negligible value claim.\n\n## Selling shares in the same company\n\nThere\u2019s a different way of working out your cost if you\u2019ve sold the same type of shares in a company that you bought at different times.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to work out the average cost of your shares and deduct this from what you got for them to work out your gain.\n\nIf you bought new shares of the same type in the same company within 30 days of selling your old ones, there are special rules for working out the cost to use in your tax calculations.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help if you need advice.\n\n## Investment clubs\n\nYou work out your gain differently if you\u2019ve bought and sold shares through an investment club.\n\nAn investment club is a group of people that buys and sells shares together on the stock market.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYou\u2019ll get a written statement of your gains and losses (an \u2018investment club certificate (PDF, 212KB)\u2019) at the end of each tax year from the person who runs the club, for example its treasurer.\n\nWhen you know your gain, work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax. There are special rules if you make any losses.\n\n## Leaving an investment club\n\nThe club buys back your shares if you leave, and you need to include any gain or loss when you\u2019re working out if you need to pay tax.\n\n- Take your share of any gains during your membership of the club, and deduct your share of any losses.\n\n- Add any income from dividends you received (after tax).\n\n- Add any other money you received from the club, and deduct anything you paid into it (for example a monthly amount to invest).\n\n- Deduct the total from what you received from the club for your shares.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional help (for example from an accountant) if you need advice.\n\n## Transferring shares into the club\n\nIf you transfer shares you already own into the club, you\u2019re treated as selling them and you need to work out your gain.\n\n## If you run an investment club\n\nThe investment club treasurer or secretary should:\n\n- divide any income, gains and losses between its members according to the club\u2019s rules\n\n- give every member a written statement at the end of each tax year - you can use HMRC\u2019s investment club certificate (PDF, 212KB)\n\n- keep records including members\u2019 income and gains\n\n- arrange to buy shares from members who want to leave the club\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a new investment club, make sure it has a constitution and rules. Get legal advice from a professional if you need help.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nYou may be able to reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you have to pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n| Relief | Description |\n\n| Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief | Pay 10% Capital Gains Tax instead of the normal rates if you sell shares in a trading company that you work for and have at least 5% of the shares and voting rights (known as a \u2018personal company\u2019). |\n\n| Gift Hold-Over Relief | Pay no Capital Gains Tax if you give away shares in a personal company or unlisted company - the person you gave them to pays tax when they sell them. |\n\n| Enterprise Investment Scheme (EIS) | Delay or reduce your Capital Gains Tax if you use a gain to buy unlisted shares in companies approved for EIS. |\n\n| Seed Enterprise Investment Scheme (SEIS) | Pay no Capital Gains Tax on a gain of up to \u00a3100,000 if you use a gain to buy new shares in small early-stage companies approved for SEIS. |\n\n| Rollover relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax if you sell unlisted shares to the trustees of a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and use the proceeds to buy new assets. |\n\nShares are \u2018unlisted\u2019 if they\u2019re in a company that is not listed on the London Stock Exchange or a recognised stock exchange abroad.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-shares", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Me and some friends have got together to start buying some shares. It seems to be easier to it collectively.", + "original_question": "Are there specific rules for such things?" + }, + { + "id": "train-982", + "question": "Scenario: I became self employed and make \u00a33000 per year, this is my only job after I left my previous employer.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to pay national insurance?\n\nDocument - National Insurance:\n## Overview\n\nYou pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits and the State Pension.\n\nYou pay mandatory National Insurance if you\u2019re 16 or over and are either:\n\n- an employee earning above \u00a3184 a week\n\n- self-employed and making a profit of \u00a36,515 or more a year\n\nYou may be able to pay voluntary contributions to avoid gaps in your NI contributions.\n\nYou need a National Insurance number before you can start paying National Insurance contributions.\n\nIf you earn between \u00a3120 and \u00a3184 a week, your contributions are treated as having been paid to protect your National Insurance record.\n\nThis page is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## National Insurance classes\n\nThere are different types of National Insurance (known as \u2018classes\u2019).\n\nThe type you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\n## When you stop paying\n\nIf you\u2019re employed, you stop paying Class 1 National Insurance when you reach the State Pension age.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you stop paying:\n\n- Class 2 National Insurance when you reach State Pension age\n\n- Class 4 National Insurance from 6 April (start of the tax year) after you reach State Pension age\n\n## Your National Insurance number\n\nYou have a National Insurance number to make sure your National Insurance contributions and tax are recorded against your name only.\n\nIt\u2019s made up of letters and numbers and never changes.\n\nYou can find your National Insurance number:\n\n- on your payslip\n\n- on your P60\n\n- on letters about your tax, pension or benefits\n\n- in the National Insurance section of your personal tax account\n\nYou can apply for a National Insurance number if you do not have one or find your National Insurance number if you\u2019ve lost it.\n\n## Who uses your National Insurance number\n\nThese organisations need to know what your number is:\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- your employer\n\n- the Department for Work and Pensions (which includes Jobcentre Plus and the Pension, Disability and Carers Service), if you claim state benefits, or in Northern Ireland the Department for Social Development\n\n- your local council, if you claim Housing Benefit, or the Northern Ireland Housing Executive\n\n- Electoral Registration Officers (to check your identity when you register to vote)\n\n- the Student Loan Company, if you apply for a student loan\n\n- your pension provider if you have a personal or stakeholder pension\n\n- your Individual Savings Account (ISA) provider, if you open an ISA\n\n- authorised financial service providers who help you buy and sell investments like shares, bonds and derivatives - you can check if your provider is authorised\n\nTo prevent identity fraud, keep your National Insurance number safe. Do not share it with anyone who does not need it.\n\n## Proving your National Insurance number\n\nYou can save or print a letter confirming your National Insurance number from your personal tax account.\n\nIf you do not have a personal tax account, contact HMRC to ask for a letter.\n\n## National Insurance classes\n\nThe class you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\n| National Insurance class | Who pays |\n\n| Class 1 | Employees earning more than \u00a3184 a week and under State Pension age - they\u2019re automatically deducted by your employer |\n\n| Class 1A or 1B | Employers pay these directly on their employee\u2019s expenses or benefits |\n\n| Class 2 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a36,515 or more a year. If you\u2019re earning less than this, you can choose to pay voluntary contributions to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record |\n\n| Class 3 | Voluntary contributions - you can pay them to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record |\n\n| Class 4 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a39,569 or more a year |\n\nSee the current rates for Class 1, 2 and 4 contributions.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nThe amount of National Insurance you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\nYou can see rates for past tax years.\n\n## If you\u2019re employed\n\nYou pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions. The rates for most people for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:\n\n| Your pay | Class 1 National Insurance rate |\n\n| \u00a3184 to \u00a3967 a week (\u00a3797 to \u00a34,189 a month) | 12% |\n\n| Over \u00a3967 a week (\u00a34,189 a month) | 2% |\n\nYou\u2019ll pay less if:\n\n- you\u2019re a married woman or widow with a valid \u2018certificate of election\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re deferring National Insurance because you\u2019ve got more than one job\n\nEmployers pay a different rate of National Insurance depending on their employees\u2019 category letters.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou pay National Insurance with your tax. Your employer will take it from your wages before you get paid. Your payslip will show your contributions.\n\nIf you\u2019re a director of a limited company, you may also be your own employee and pay Class 1 National Insurance through your PAYE payroll.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nYou pay Class 2 and Class 4 National Insurance, depending on your profits. Most people pay both through Self Assessment.\n\nYou may be able to pay voluntary contributions to avoid gaps in your national insurance record if you:\n\n- have profits of less than \u00a36,515 a year from your self-employment\n\n- have a specific job (such as an examiner or business owner in property or land) and you do not pay Class 2 National Insurance through Self Assessment\n\nIf you have a specific job and you do not pay Class 2 National Insurance through Self Assessment, you need to contact HMRC to arrange a voluntary payment.\n\n## If you\u2019re employed and self-employed\n\nYou might be an employee but also do self-employed work. In this case your employer will deduct your Class 1 National Insurance from your wages, and you may have to pay Class 2 and 4 National Insurance for your self-employed work.\n\nHow much you pay depends on your combined wages and your self-employed work. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will let you know how much National Insurance is due after you\u2019ve filed your Self Assessment tax return.\n\n## Directors, landlords and share fishermen\n\nThere are different National Insurance rules for:\n\n- company directors\n\n- landlords running a property business\n\n- share fishermen for example you\u2019re working on a British fishing boat but not under a contract of service\n\nYou can apply to HMRC to check your National Insurance record and claim a refund if you think you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\n## What National Insurance is for\n\nNational Insurance contributions count towards the benefits and pensions in the table.\n\n| | Class 1: employees | Class 2: self-employed | Class 3: voluntary contributions |\n\n| Basic State Pension | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Additional State Pension | Yes | No | No |\n\n| New State Pension | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Contribution-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance | Yes | No | No |\n\n| Contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Maternity Allowance | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Bereavement Support Payment | Yes | Yes | No |\n\nClass 4 contributions paid by self-employed people with a profit of \u00a39,569 or more do not usually count towards state benefits.\n\n## Help if you're not working\n\nYour benefits could be affected if there are gaps in your National Insurance record. National Insurance credits can help to avoid gaps in your record and protect your benefits.\n\nYou can get credits if you cannot pay National Insurance contributions, for example, if:\n\n- you\u2019re unable to work due to illness\n\n- you\u2019re caring for someone\n\nIf you\u2019re not working or getting credits you can also top up your National Insurance with voluntary contributions.\n\n## Change of circumstance\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:\n\n- change your personal details, for example your name, address or marital status\n\n- start being self-employed\n\n- stop being self-employed", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I became self employed and make \u00a33000 per year, this is my only job after I left my previous employer.", + "original_question": "Do I have to pay national insurance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-983", + "question": "Scenario: My Aunt is both employed and self-employed .She makes both class 1 and class 2 national insurance payments. She wants to file her self assessment tax returns.\n\nQuestion: Is she required to pay both types at the same time when paying her self assessment bill?\n\nDocument - National Insurance:\n## Overview\n\nYou pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits and the State Pension.\n\nYou pay mandatory National Insurance if you\u2019re 16 or over and are either:\n\n- an employee earning above \u00a3184 a week\n\n- self-employed and making a profit of \u00a36,515 or more a year\n\nYou may be able to pay voluntary contributions to avoid gaps in your NI contributions.\n\nYou need a National Insurance number before you can start paying National Insurance contributions.\n\nIf you earn between \u00a3120 and \u00a3184 a week, your contributions are treated as having been paid to protect your National Insurance record.\n\nThis page is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## National Insurance classes\n\nThere are different types of National Insurance (known as \u2018classes\u2019).\n\nThe type you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\n## When you stop paying\n\nIf you\u2019re employed, you stop paying Class 1 National Insurance when you reach the State Pension age.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you stop paying:\n\n- Class 2 National Insurance when you reach State Pension age\n\n- Class 4 National Insurance from 6 April (start of the tax year) after you reach State Pension age\n\n## Your National Insurance number\n\nYou have a National Insurance number to make sure your National Insurance contributions and tax are recorded against your name only.\n\nIt\u2019s made up of letters and numbers and never changes.\n\nYou can find your National Insurance number:\n\n- on your payslip\n\n- on your P60\n\n- on letters about your tax, pension or benefits\n\n- in the National Insurance section of your personal tax account\n\nYou can apply for a National Insurance number if you do not have one or find your National Insurance number if you\u2019ve lost it.\n\n## Who uses your National Insurance number\n\nThese organisations need to know what your number is:\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- your employer\n\n- the Department for Work and Pensions (which includes Jobcentre Plus and the Pension, Disability and Carers Service), if you claim state benefits, or in Northern Ireland the Department for Social Development\n\n- your local council, if you claim Housing Benefit, or the Northern Ireland Housing Executive\n\n- Electoral Registration Officers (to check your identity when you register to vote)\n\n- the Student Loan Company, if you apply for a student loan\n\n- your pension provider if you have a personal or stakeholder pension\n\n- your Individual Savings Account (ISA) provider, if you open an ISA\n\n- authorised financial service providers who help you buy and sell investments like shares, bonds and derivatives - you can check if your provider is authorised\n\nTo prevent identity fraud, keep your National Insurance number safe. Do not share it with anyone who does not need it.\n\n## Proving your National Insurance number\n\nYou can save or print a letter confirming your National Insurance number from your personal tax account.\n\nIf you do not have a personal tax account, contact HMRC to ask for a letter.\n\n## National Insurance classes\n\nThe class you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\n| National Insurance class | Who pays |\n\n| Class 1 | Employees earning more than \u00a3184 a week and under State Pension age - they\u2019re automatically deducted by your employer |\n\n| Class 1A or 1B | Employers pay these directly on their employee\u2019s expenses or benefits |\n\n| Class 2 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a36,515 or more a year. If you\u2019re earning less than this, you can choose to pay voluntary contributions to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record |\n\n| Class 3 | Voluntary contributions - you can pay them to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record |\n\n| Class 4 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a39,569 or more a year |\n\nSee the current rates for Class 1, 2 and 4 contributions.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nThe amount of National Insurance you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\nYou can see rates for past tax years.\n\n## If you\u2019re employed\n\nYou pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions. The rates for most people for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:\n\n| Your pay | Class 1 National Insurance rate |\n\n| \u00a3184 to \u00a3967 a week (\u00a3797 to \u00a34,189 a month) | 12% |\n\n| Over \u00a3967 a week (\u00a34,189 a month) | 2% |\n\nYou\u2019ll pay less if:\n\n- you\u2019re a married woman or widow with a valid \u2018certificate of election\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re deferring National Insurance because you\u2019ve got more than one job\n\nEmployers pay a different rate of National Insurance depending on their employees\u2019 category letters.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou pay National Insurance with your tax. Your employer will take it from your wages before you get paid. Your payslip will show your contributions.\n\nIf you\u2019re a director of a limited company, you may also be your own employee and pay Class 1 National Insurance through your PAYE payroll.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nYou pay Class 2 and Class 4 National Insurance, depending on your profits. Most people pay both through Self Assessment.\n\nYou may be able to pay voluntary contributions to avoid gaps in your national insurance record if you:\n\n- have profits of less than \u00a36,515 a year from your self-employment\n\n- have a specific job (such as an examiner or business owner in property or land) and you do not pay Class 2 National Insurance through Self Assessment\n\nIf you have a specific job and you do not pay Class 2 National Insurance through Self Assessment, you need to contact HMRC to arrange a voluntary payment.\n\n## If you\u2019re employed and self-employed\n\nYou might be an employee but also do self-employed work. In this case your employer will deduct your Class 1 National Insurance from your wages, and you may have to pay Class 2 and 4 National Insurance for your self-employed work.\n\nHow much you pay depends on your combined wages and your self-employed work. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will let you know how much National Insurance is due after you\u2019ve filed your Self Assessment tax return.\n\n## Directors, landlords and share fishermen\n\nThere are different National Insurance rules for:\n\n- company directors\n\n- landlords running a property business\n\n- share fishermen for example you\u2019re working on a British fishing boat but not under a contract of service\n\nYou can apply to HMRC to check your National Insurance record and claim a refund if you think you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\n## What National Insurance is for\n\nNational Insurance contributions count towards the benefits and pensions in the table.\n\n| | Class 1: employees | Class 2: self-employed | Class 3: voluntary contributions |\n\n| Basic State Pension | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Additional State Pension | Yes | No | No |\n\n| New State Pension | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Contribution-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance | Yes | No | No |\n\n| Contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Maternity Allowance | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Bereavement Support Payment | Yes | Yes | No |\n\nClass 4 contributions paid by self-employed people with a profit of \u00a39,569 or more do not usually count towards state benefits.\n\n## Help if you're not working\n\nYour benefits could be affected if there are gaps in your National Insurance record. National Insurance credits can help to avoid gaps in your record and protect your benefits.\n\nYou can get credits if you cannot pay National Insurance contributions, for example, if:\n\n- you\u2019re unable to work due to illness\n\n- you\u2019re caring for someone\n\nIf you\u2019re not working or getting credits you can also top up your National Insurance with voluntary contributions.\n\n## Change of circumstance\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:\n\n- change your personal details, for example your name, address or marital status\n\n- start being self-employed\n\n- stop being self-employed", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Aunt is both employed and self-employed .She makes both class 1 and class 2 national insurance payments. She wants to file her self assessment tax returns.", + "original_question": "Is she required to pay both types at the same time when paying her self assessment bill?" + }, + { + "id": "train-984", + "question": "Scenario: My daughter is now 16 years old. She wishes to start some work. She is a UK resident and has the right to work in the UK. Intending to get a wage of \u00a3190 per week\n\nQuestion: Will she be liable in paying national insurance ?\n\nDocument - National Insurance:\n## Overview\n\nYou pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits and the State Pension.\n\nYou pay mandatory National Insurance if you\u2019re 16 or over and are either:\n\n- an employee earning above \u00a3184 a week\n\n- self-employed and making a profit of \u00a36,515 or more a year\n\nYou may be able to pay voluntary contributions to avoid gaps in your NI contributions.\n\nYou need a National Insurance number before you can start paying National Insurance contributions.\n\nIf you earn between \u00a3120 and \u00a3184 a week, your contributions are treated as having been paid to protect your National Insurance record.\n\nThis page is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## National Insurance classes\n\nThere are different types of National Insurance (known as \u2018classes\u2019).\n\nThe type you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\n## When you stop paying\n\nIf you\u2019re employed, you stop paying Class 1 National Insurance when you reach the State Pension age.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you stop paying:\n\n- Class 2 National Insurance when you reach State Pension age\n\n- Class 4 National Insurance from 6 April (start of the tax year) after you reach State Pension age\n\n## Your National Insurance number\n\nYou have a National Insurance number to make sure your National Insurance contributions and tax are recorded against your name only.\n\nIt\u2019s made up of letters and numbers and never changes.\n\nYou can find your National Insurance number:\n\n- on your payslip\n\n- on your P60\n\n- on letters about your tax, pension or benefits\n\n- in the National Insurance section of your personal tax account\n\nYou can apply for a National Insurance number if you do not have one or find your National Insurance number if you\u2019ve lost it.\n\n## Who uses your National Insurance number\n\nThese organisations need to know what your number is:\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- your employer\n\n- the Department for Work and Pensions (which includes Jobcentre Plus and the Pension, Disability and Carers Service), if you claim state benefits, or in Northern Ireland the Department for Social Development\n\n- your local council, if you claim Housing Benefit, or the Northern Ireland Housing Executive\n\n- Electoral Registration Officers (to check your identity when you register to vote)\n\n- the Student Loan Company, if you apply for a student loan\n\n- your pension provider if you have a personal or stakeholder pension\n\n- your Individual Savings Account (ISA) provider, if you open an ISA\n\n- authorised financial service providers who help you buy and sell investments like shares, bonds and derivatives - you can check if your provider is authorised\n\nTo prevent identity fraud, keep your National Insurance number safe. Do not share it with anyone who does not need it.\n\n## Proving your National Insurance number\n\nYou can save or print a letter confirming your National Insurance number from your personal tax account.\n\nIf you do not have a personal tax account, contact HMRC to ask for a letter.\n\n## National Insurance classes\n\nThe class you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\n| National Insurance class | Who pays |\n\n| Class 1 | Employees earning more than \u00a3184 a week and under State Pension age - they\u2019re automatically deducted by your employer |\n\n| Class 1A or 1B | Employers pay these directly on their employee\u2019s expenses or benefits |\n\n| Class 2 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a36,515 or more a year. If you\u2019re earning less than this, you can choose to pay voluntary contributions to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record |\n\n| Class 3 | Voluntary contributions - you can pay them to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record |\n\n| Class 4 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a39,569 or more a year |\n\nSee the current rates for Class 1, 2 and 4 contributions.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nThe amount of National Insurance you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\nYou can see rates for past tax years.\n\n## If you\u2019re employed\n\nYou pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions. The rates for most people for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:\n\n| Your pay | Class 1 National Insurance rate |\n\n| \u00a3184 to \u00a3967 a week (\u00a3797 to \u00a34,189 a month) | 12% |\n\n| Over \u00a3967 a week (\u00a34,189 a month) | 2% |\n\nYou\u2019ll pay less if:\n\n- you\u2019re a married woman or widow with a valid \u2018certificate of election\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re deferring National Insurance because you\u2019ve got more than one job\n\nEmployers pay a different rate of National Insurance depending on their employees\u2019 category letters.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou pay National Insurance with your tax. Your employer will take it from your wages before you get paid. Your payslip will show your contributions.\n\nIf you\u2019re a director of a limited company, you may also be your own employee and pay Class 1 National Insurance through your PAYE payroll.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nYou pay Class 2 and Class 4 National Insurance, depending on your profits. Most people pay both through Self Assessment.\n\nYou may be able to pay voluntary contributions to avoid gaps in your national insurance record if you:\n\n- have profits of less than \u00a36,515 a year from your self-employment\n\n- have a specific job (such as an examiner or business owner in property or land) and you do not pay Class 2 National Insurance through Self Assessment\n\nIf you have a specific job and you do not pay Class 2 National Insurance through Self Assessment, you need to contact HMRC to arrange a voluntary payment.\n\n## If you\u2019re employed and self-employed\n\nYou might be an employee but also do self-employed work. In this case your employer will deduct your Class 1 National Insurance from your wages, and you may have to pay Class 2 and 4 National Insurance for your self-employed work.\n\nHow much you pay depends on your combined wages and your self-employed work. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will let you know how much National Insurance is due after you\u2019ve filed your Self Assessment tax return.\n\n## Directors, landlords and share fishermen\n\nThere are different National Insurance rules for:\n\n- company directors\n\n- landlords running a property business\n\n- share fishermen for example you\u2019re working on a British fishing boat but not under a contract of service\n\nYou can apply to HMRC to check your National Insurance record and claim a refund if you think you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\n## What National Insurance is for\n\nNational Insurance contributions count towards the benefits and pensions in the table.\n\n| | Class 1: employees | Class 2: self-employed | Class 3: voluntary contributions |\n\n| Basic State Pension | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Additional State Pension | Yes | No | No |\n\n| New State Pension | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Contribution-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance | Yes | No | No |\n\n| Contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Maternity Allowance | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Bereavement Support Payment | Yes | Yes | No |\n\nClass 4 contributions paid by self-employed people with a profit of \u00a39,569 or more do not usually count towards state benefits.\n\n## Help if you're not working\n\nYour benefits could be affected if there are gaps in your National Insurance record. National Insurance credits can help to avoid gaps in your record and protect your benefits.\n\nYou can get credits if you cannot pay National Insurance contributions, for example, if:\n\n- you\u2019re unable to work due to illness\n\n- you\u2019re caring for someone\n\nIf you\u2019re not working or getting credits you can also top up your National Insurance with voluntary contributions.\n\n## Change of circumstance\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:\n\n- change your personal details, for example your name, address or marital status\n\n- start being self-employed\n\n- stop being self-employed", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My daughter is now 16 years old. She wishes to start some work. She is a UK resident and has the right to work in the UK. Intending to get a wage of \u00a3190 per week", + "original_question": "Will she be liable in paying national insurance ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-985", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Ann has been experiencing sleepless nights since last year. This is after a new road was constructed which passes near her property. The potential buyer who had interest in buying the property withdrew citing road noise.\n\nQuestion: Can she apply for a compensation?\n\nDocument - Noise from roads, trains or planes:\n## Vehicle noise limits\n\nThere are limits to the amount of noise that vehicles can make on public roads. This applies to all types of vehicles.\n\nIn general, larger vehicles with bigger engines are able to make more noise.\n\n## Noise limits on tyres\n\nThere are noise limits on tyres and since November 2012 all new tyres are graded and labelled to show how noisy they are.\n\n## Modified exhaust systems\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to modify the exhaust system to make a vehicle noisier after it has been \u2018type approved\u2019 (checked it meets environmental and safety standards).\n\nThe police can also take action if your vehicle\u2019s silencer doesn\u2019t work in the way it was designed or if you\u2019re driving in a way that creates too much noise.\n\n## Noise from roads\n\nThere\u2019s no legal limit to road noise, although noise levels might be taken into account when new roads or houses and offices near roads are planned.\n\n## Planned new roads\n\nWhen planning a new road local highway authorities assess how the noise at your property will change when the road opens.\n\nIf noise from a new road exceeds certain levels at your home you might be able to get sound insulation.\n\nContact your highway authority to apply, or if you\u2019re worried about the noise from a planned road scheme - get their details from your local council.\n\n## Compulsory purchase and road noise\n\nWhen a new road is built, it often involves the \u2018compulsory purchase\u2019 of land to make way for the road.\n\nYou might be able to get compensation if a compulsory purchase means you become affected by road noise. Find out more in the guide \u2018Your property and compulsory purchase\u2019.\n\n## After roads open to traffic\n\nYou can apply for compensation if your property value goes down because of road noise from the use of a new or altered road.\n\n## Railway noise\n\nThere are no legal limits to noise from existing railways.\n\nIf you think that noise levels are affecting your health contact your local council who will investigate on your behalf.\n\nIf noise from a new railway affects your property you might be able to get sound insulation for your home. Contact the relevant rail authority - ask your local council for their details.\n\nIf particular trains are causing you a problem, speak to the company running those trains.\n\nFind information on train operators on the National Rail website or call Network Rail.\n\n## Aircraft noise\n\nNoise is regulated to some extent at all UK airports. This can include noise limits and restrictions on night flights.\n\nAircraft paths are generally designed to fly over the least populated areas.\n\nSome airports operate grant schemes to install sound insulation in affected homes. Contact the airport that affects you to find out if they run one.\n\nThe Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) has more information on aircraft noise and emissions.\n\n## Complaining about aircraft noise\n\nTo complain about noise or aircraft activities in general, get in touch with the relevant airport.\n\n## Military aircraft\n\nMilitary aircraft are covered by different rules. You can complain about military aircraft noise or low flying military aircraft.\n\n## Further information\n\nThere are strategic noise maps for England provided by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).\n\nThese estimate noise from:\n\n- major roads - those with more than 6 million vehicle passages annually\n\n- major railways - those with more than 60,000 train passages annually\n\n- major airports - those with more than 50,000 aircraft movements annually (except for training on light aircraft)\n\nThey also estimate noise in urban areas (with populations greater than 250,000 and a certain population density).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Ann has been experiencing sleepless nights since last year. This is after a new road was constructed which passes near her property. The potential buyer who had interest in buying the property withdrew citing road noise.", + "original_question": "Can she apply for a compensation?" + }, + { + "id": "train-986", + "question": "Scenario: I live in the countryside and a new railway line has been built near my farm. It causes a lot of noise pollution from the trains and I find it very uncomfortable. My house is not insulated.\n\nQuestion: Can i contact the rail company involved and make a complaint?\n\nDocument - Noise from roads, trains or planes:\n## Vehicle noise limits\n\nThere are limits to the amount of noise that vehicles can make on public roads. This applies to all types of vehicles.\n\nIn general, larger vehicles with bigger engines are able to make more noise.\n\n## Noise limits on tyres\n\nThere are noise limits on tyres and since November 2012 all new tyres are graded and labelled to show how noisy they are.\n\n## Modified exhaust systems\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to modify the exhaust system to make a vehicle noisier after it has been \u2018type approved\u2019 (checked it meets environmental and safety standards).\n\nThe police can also take action if your vehicle\u2019s silencer doesn\u2019t work in the way it was designed or if you\u2019re driving in a way that creates too much noise.\n\n## Noise from roads\n\nThere\u2019s no legal limit to road noise, although noise levels might be taken into account when new roads or houses and offices near roads are planned.\n\n## Planned new roads\n\nWhen planning a new road local highway authorities assess how the noise at your property will change when the road opens.\n\nIf noise from a new road exceeds certain levels at your home you might be able to get sound insulation.\n\nContact your highway authority to apply, or if you\u2019re worried about the noise from a planned road scheme - get their details from your local council.\n\n## Compulsory purchase and road noise\n\nWhen a new road is built, it often involves the \u2018compulsory purchase\u2019 of land to make way for the road.\n\nYou might be able to get compensation if a compulsory purchase means you become affected by road noise. Find out more in the guide \u2018Your property and compulsory purchase\u2019.\n\n## After roads open to traffic\n\nYou can apply for compensation if your property value goes down because of road noise from the use of a new or altered road.\n\n## Railway noise\n\nThere are no legal limits to noise from existing railways.\n\nIf you think that noise levels are affecting your health contact your local council who will investigate on your behalf.\n\nIf noise from a new railway affects your property you might be able to get sound insulation for your home. Contact the relevant rail authority - ask your local council for their details.\n\nIf particular trains are causing you a problem, speak to the company running those trains.\n\nFind information on train operators on the National Rail website or call Network Rail.\n\n## Aircraft noise\n\nNoise is regulated to some extent at all UK airports. This can include noise limits and restrictions on night flights.\n\nAircraft paths are generally designed to fly over the least populated areas.\n\nSome airports operate grant schemes to install sound insulation in affected homes. Contact the airport that affects you to find out if they run one.\n\nThe Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) has more information on aircraft noise and emissions.\n\n## Complaining about aircraft noise\n\nTo complain about noise or aircraft activities in general, get in touch with the relevant airport.\n\n## Military aircraft\n\nMilitary aircraft are covered by different rules. You can complain about military aircraft noise or low flying military aircraft.\n\n## Further information\n\nThere are strategic noise maps for England provided by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra).\n\nThese estimate noise from:\n\n- major roads - those with more than 6 million vehicle passages annually\n\n- major railways - those with more than 60,000 train passages annually\n\n- major airports - those with more than 50,000 aircraft movements annually (except for training on light aircraft)\n\nThey also estimate noise in urban areas (with populations greater than 250,000 and a certain population density).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/noise-pollution-road-train-plane", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in the countryside and a new railway line has been built near my farm. It causes a lot of noise pollution from the trains and I find it very uncomfortable. My house is not insulated.", + "original_question": "Can i contact the rail company involved and make a complaint?" + }, + { + "id": "train-987", + "question": "Scenario: Hello Dave again. I have been living aboard for some years and have, off and on, paid NI contributions. Usually a transfer from my bank here.\n\nQuestion: Can I pay via Direct debit from my UK bank account instead?\n\nDocument - Pay Class 2 National Insurance if you do not pay through Self Assessment:\n## Overview\n\nYou make Class 2 National Insurance contributions if you\u2019re self-employed to qualify for benefits like the State Pension.\n\nMost people pay the contributions as part of their Self Assessment tax bill.\n\nYou cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you do not pay through Self Assessment\n\nYou do not pay through Self Assessment if you\u2019re any of the following:\n\n- an examiner, moderator, invigilator or person who set exam questions\n\n- running a businesses involving land or property\n\n- a minister of religion who does not receive a salary or stipend\n\n- living abroad and paying voluntary Class 2 contributions\n\n- a person who makes investments - but not as a business and without getting a fee or commission\n\n- a non-UK resident who\u2019s self-employed in the UK\n\n- working abroad\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a payment request by the end of October - call the newly self-employed helpline if you do not get one.\n\nPay now\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nMake sure your payment reaches HMRC by the deadline. The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can make same or next day payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- by CHAPS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\nYou can pay within 3 days by BACS.\n\nYou can pay within 21 working days by Direct Debit if you have not set one up before.\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## If you miss the deadline\n\nYou might have to pay more to fill the gap in your National Insurance record. HMRC will write to you to tell you how much you need to pay.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\n## Paying from the UK\n\nUse your online or telephone banking account to make your payment to the following HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 20 | 12001004 | HMRC NICO |\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse the 18-digit reference number shown on your HMRC payment request, when you make a payment. Do not leave any spaces between the digits.\n\nIf you do not have an 18-digit reference number you can get help from the National Insurance Helpline.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nIf you\u2019re paying from abroad, the account you pay into depends on whether you\u2019re using a UK or non-UK account.\n\n| Account type | Sort code | Account number |\n\n| UK | 20 20 48 | 30944793 |\n\n| Account type | Account number (IBAN) | Bank Identifier Code (BIC) |\n\n| Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22 |\n\nFor either account, pay to account name \u2018HMRC NIC receipts\u2019.\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019, your surname then your initial. If your bank limits you to a certain amount of characters, you should use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019 and as much of your surname as possible.\n\nIf you\u2019re an employer paying for an employee living abroad, you should use your 13-character employer number.\n\n## Banking address\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nPay at a branch by cash or cheque, along with your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) payslip.\n\nSome branches might be closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou\u2019ll find your payslip on the payment request HMRC sent you.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your Class 2 National Insurance reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip or the payment request sent to you by HMRC.\n\nIf you pay between Monday and Friday, HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still make payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking\n\n- by CHAPS or BACS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020\n\nCall HMRC if you want to check your payment has been received.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nFill in the form to set up a new Direct Debit.\n\nIf you live abroad and pay voluntary National Insurance, fill in the form at the end of leaflet NI38 instead.\n\nAllow 21 days to set up a new Direct Debit.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a letter telling you when payments will be taken and how much they will be.\n\nPayments will appear on your statement as \u2018HMRC NI-DD\u2019. HMRC will write to you if your payments change for any reason.\n\nIf you have a question about your Direct Debit payments contact National Insurance enquiries.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-2-national-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Hello Dave again. I have been living aboard for some years and have, off and on, paid NI contributions. Usually a transfer from my bank here.", + "original_question": "Can I pay via Direct debit from my UK bank account instead?" + }, + { + "id": "train-988", + "question": "Scenario: These last few months have been terrible with COVID19 making life difficult. i have not been able to get to the bank to deposit my NI class 2 contributions.\n\nQuestion: Can I send you a cheque\n\nDocument - Pay Class 2 National Insurance if you do not pay through Self Assessment:\n## Overview\n\nYou make Class 2 National Insurance contributions if you\u2019re self-employed to qualify for benefits like the State Pension.\n\nMost people pay the contributions as part of their Self Assessment tax bill.\n\nYou cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you do not pay through Self Assessment\n\nYou do not pay through Self Assessment if you\u2019re any of the following:\n\n- an examiner, moderator, invigilator or person who set exam questions\n\n- running a businesses involving land or property\n\n- a minister of religion who does not receive a salary or stipend\n\n- living abroad and paying voluntary Class 2 contributions\n\n- a person who makes investments - but not as a business and without getting a fee or commission\n\n- a non-UK resident who\u2019s self-employed in the UK\n\n- working abroad\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a payment request by the end of October - call the newly self-employed helpline if you do not get one.\n\nPay now\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nMake sure your payment reaches HMRC by the deadline. The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can make same or next day payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- by CHAPS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\nYou can pay within 3 days by BACS.\n\nYou can pay within 21 working days by Direct Debit if you have not set one up before.\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## If you miss the deadline\n\nYou might have to pay more to fill the gap in your National Insurance record. HMRC will write to you to tell you how much you need to pay.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\n## Paying from the UK\n\nUse your online or telephone banking account to make your payment to the following HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 20 | 12001004 | HMRC NICO |\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse the 18-digit reference number shown on your HMRC payment request, when you make a payment. Do not leave any spaces between the digits.\n\nIf you do not have an 18-digit reference number you can get help from the National Insurance Helpline.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nIf you\u2019re paying from abroad, the account you pay into depends on whether you\u2019re using a UK or non-UK account.\n\n| Account type | Sort code | Account number |\n\n| UK | 20 20 48 | 30944793 |\n\n| Account type | Account number (IBAN) | Bank Identifier Code (BIC) |\n\n| Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22 |\n\nFor either account, pay to account name \u2018HMRC NIC receipts\u2019.\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019, your surname then your initial. If your bank limits you to a certain amount of characters, you should use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019 and as much of your surname as possible.\n\nIf you\u2019re an employer paying for an employee living abroad, you should use your 13-character employer number.\n\n## Banking address\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nPay at a branch by cash or cheque, along with your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) payslip.\n\nSome branches might be closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou\u2019ll find your payslip on the payment request HMRC sent you.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your Class 2 National Insurance reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip or the payment request sent to you by HMRC.\n\nIf you pay between Monday and Friday, HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still make payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking\n\n- by CHAPS or BACS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020\n\nCall HMRC if you want to check your payment has been received.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nFill in the form to set up a new Direct Debit.\n\nIf you live abroad and pay voluntary National Insurance, fill in the form at the end of leaflet NI38 instead.\n\nAllow 21 days to set up a new Direct Debit.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a letter telling you when payments will be taken and how much they will be.\n\nPayments will appear on your statement as \u2018HMRC NI-DD\u2019. HMRC will write to you if your payments change for any reason.\n\nIf you have a question about your Direct Debit payments contact National Insurance enquiries.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-2-national-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "These last few months have been terrible with COVID19 making life difficult. i have not been able to get to the bank to deposit my NI class 2 contributions.", + "original_question": "Can I send you a cheque" + }, + { + "id": "train-989", + "question": "Scenario: I am planning to change the lights in the bathroom of my house. I do not need approval for buildings regulations.\n\nQuestion: Can I ignore the energy efficiency standards for this change?\n\nDocument - Building regulations approval:\n## When you need approval\n\nYou must check if you need approval before you construct or change buildings in certain ways.\n\nYou do not need to get approval yourself if you use someone registered with a competent person scheme.\n\nFind out about the rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nBuilding regulations approval is different from planning permission. You might need both.\n\n## Work covered by building regulations\n\nThe Building Regulations 2010 cover the construction and extension of buildings.\n\nYou might also need building regulations approval for many alteration projects, including if you plan to:\n\n- replace fuse boxes and connected electrics\n\n- install a bathroom that will involve plumbing\n\n- change electrics near a bath or shower\n\n- put in a fixed air-conditioning system\n\n- replace windows and doors\n\n- replace roof coverings on pitched and flat roofs\n\n- install or replace a heating system\n\n- add extra radiators to a heating system\n\nYou could need approval, or to follow special rules, for works not listed here - so always research your particular project.\n\nCheck with a building control body if you cannot decide if you need approval.\n\nYou do not need advance approval for emergency repairs to your boiler or heating system, but there are rules you must follow.\n\n## Penalties and problems\n\nThe person doing the work could be prosecuted and fined if they do not comply with building regulations.\n\nYour local authority could make you pay for faulty work to be fixed.\n\nWithout approval you will not have the certificates of compliance you may need when you want to sell your home.\n\n## When you do not need approval\n\nYou do not need to apply for approval yourself if the work is not covered by building regulations, or if it\u2019s carried out by someone who\u2019s registered with a competent person scheme.\n\n## Work that does not need approval\n\nYou do not need building regulations approval for some exempt projects, including:\n\n- most repairs, replacements and maintenance work (except heating systems, oil tanks, fuse boxes and glazing units)\n\n- new power and lighting points, or changes to existing circuits (except around baths and showers)\n\n- like-for-like replacements of baths, toilets, basins and sinks\n\nFind out more about common projects and check when you do and do not need approval.\n\nCheck with a building control body if you\u2019re still not sure what to do.\n\n## Hire a \u2018competent person\u2019\n\nIf your project needs approval but you\u2019d rather not apply yourself, you can hire a tradesperson registered with a competent person scheme instead.\n\nYou must meet safety and energy efficiency standards even if you do not need formal approval.\n\n## Use a competent person scheme\n\nCompetent person schemes are a way for tradespeople to prove their ability to carry out certain work to required standards, instead of you applying for building regulations approval.\n\n## Benefits of a registered tradesperson\n\nAn installer (eg of windows or boilers) who\u2019s registered with a scheme can self-certify that their work complies with buildings standards and can deal with building control issues, like objections.\n\nIf needed, they\u2019ll tell your local authority about work on your behalf. They\u2019ll also give you a certificate within 8 weeks of completion which can be used as evidence of compliance - it will also show up in solicitors\u2019 searches if you come to sell your home.\n\nCompetent person schemes have insurance-backed warranties and complaints procedures if there\u2019s a problem with the work.\n\n## Find a \u2018competent person\u2019\n\nSearch the Competent Persons Register to find a tradesperson, or check that they belong to a scheme.\n\nSearch the Electrical Competent Person Register if you\u2019re looking for an electrician to work on your home.\n\nYou may have to correct the work or pay a fine if building regulations are not followed.\n\n## How to apply\n\nContact a \u2018building control body\u2019 (BCB) to check the building regulations or apply for approval.\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Where to apply\n\nThere are 2 types of BCB. It\u2019s up to you which you use.\n\n## Local authority BCBs\n\nYou can apply for approval from your council.\n\n## Private BCBs\n\nYou can apply through a private approved inspector.\n\nThey\u2019ll tell your local authority about the work. This is called giving an \u2018initial notice\u2019.\n\n## Choose a type of application\n\nYou must decide on the type of application for your planned build, extension or alteration work.\n\n## Full plans\n\nThis is the most thorough option. You can expect a decision within 5 weeks, or 2 months with your consent.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a completion certificate within 8 weeks of completion of the building work as long as it complies.\n\n## Building notice\n\nThis type of application is only for smaller projects. You can start work 2 days after your notice has been submitted to your BCB. You do not get formal approval like you do with full plans.\n\n## Regularisation\n\nYou can apply for \u2018regularisation\u2019 - retrospective approval for work already carried out without consent - from a local authority BCB only.\n\nOnly work carried out after 11 November 1985 can be approved in this way.\n\nYou might need to make alterations before your BCB can agree the work complies and give you a regularisation certificate.\n\nYou may have to correct the work or pay a fine if building regulations are not followed.\n\n## Fees and costs\n\nLocal authority BCBs base their fees on the costs of their work, like site inspections.\n\nWhat you\u2019ll pay depends on the:\n\n- type of work involved\n\n- number of dwellings in the building\n\n- total floor area, eg in the case of extensions\n\nPrivate BCBs negotiate their fees directly with you.\n\nYou might not have to pay a fee for works carried out solely for a person with a disability.\n\n## Appeals and determinations\n\nYou can appeal if you think your project should not have to comply with building regulations.\n\nAsk for a \u2018determination\u2019 if you\u2019re refused building regulations approval and you think the building control body (BCB) decision is unfair.\n\n## If you think you should not have to comply\n\nAsk your local authority to ignore or relax one or more of the building regulations if you think your project shouldn\u2019t have to comply with them.\n\nIf the local authority still says you have to comply, you can appeal to government. You have a month to make the appeal.\n\nFind out about making an appeal.\n\nYou cannot ask a private BCB to ignore or relax the building regulations. You\u2019ll have to ask your local authority BCB instead.\n\n## If the BCB refuses building regulations approval\n\nYou can ask for a \u2018determination\u2019 - a decision by government - if a BCB says your plans do not comply but you believe they do. Find out about asking for a determination.\n\n## How to appeal or get a determination\n\nYou\u2019ll need to read the guidance and fill in a form.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee when you ask for a determination unless your building work is for disabled people. You don\u2019t have to pay a fee to appeal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/building-regulations-approval", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am planning to change the lights in the bathroom of my house. I do not need approval for buildings regulations.", + "original_question": "Can I ignore the energy efficiency standards for this change?" + }, + { + "id": "train-991", + "question": "Scenario: I was self employed two years ago, but closed the business. I already have a unique taxpayer's reference from filing online previously. I have become self-employed once again, and need to sign up for self assessment.\n\nQuestion: Do I need a new UTR for the self assessment?\n\nDocument - Register for Self Assessment:\n## Overview\n\nYou must register for Self Assessment if you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year.\n\nThere are different ways to register if you\u2019re:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- not self-employed\n\n- registering a partner or partnership\n\n## Register if you\u2019re self-employed\n\nIf you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year, you need to register for Self Assessment and Class 2 National Insurance.\n\nRegister by 5 October in your business\u2019s second tax year. You could be fined if you do not.\n\n## If you have not filed a return online before\n\n- Register online. Once you\u2019ve completed the questions, HMRC will create your account.\n\n- You\u2019ll receive a letter with your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) number within 10 days (21 if you\u2019re abroad). You\u2019ll need your UTR to file a return.\n\n- You\u2019ll then receive another letter with an activation code for your account. You can get a new activation code if you do not receive it or you lose it.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.\n\n## If you\u2019ve filed a return online before\n\nRe-register online (form CWF1) if the work you plan to do is different from what you did before.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) from when you registered before. You can find your UTR if you do not know it.\n\nYou\u2019ll receive a letter with a new account activation code 10 days later (21 if you\u2019re abroad).\n\nOnce you\u2019ve reactivated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.\n\nIf the work you plan to do is the same as you did before, sign in to your account.\n\n## If you\u2019ve filed before but you did not use the online service\n\nCreate an account for the online service using your UTR. You can find your UTR if you do not know it.\n\nYou\u2019ll receive a letter with an activation code for your account.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.\n\n## Other ways to register\n\nYou can fill in this form on-screen then print off and post to HMRC. You\u2019ll need to have all your information ready as you cannot save a partly completed form.\n\nIf you\u2019re using an older browser, for example Internet Explorer 8, you\u2019ll need to update it or use a different browser. Find out more about browsers.\n\n## Register if you're not self-employed\n\nIf you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year, you need to register for Self Assessment by 5 October.\n\n## If you have not filed online before\n\n- Register using form SA1.\n\n- After you register, you\u2019ll receive your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) number in the post within 10 working days (21 if you\u2019re abroad).\n\n- Create your online account.\n\n- Sign up for Self Assessment online - you\u2019ll need your UTR to do this.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an activation code for your new account in the post within 7 working days of signing up (21 if you\u2019re abroad). When you get the code, sign in to send your return.\n\nYou can replace an activation code if you do not receive it or you lose it.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time.\n\n## If you\u2019ve filed online before\n\nSign in to your existing account.\n\n## Register if you're a partner or partnership\n\nYou must register for Self Assessment by 5 October if you\u2019re a partner in a partnership.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your partnership\u2019s 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR). You can find a UTR if you\u2019ve lost it.\n\nYou must also register your partnership if you\u2019re the \u2018nominated partner\u2019.\n\nThere are different ways to register:\n\n- for limited liability partnerships\n\n- if you\u2019re a partner that\u2019s not an individual, for example a company or trust", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-for-self-assessment", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was self employed two years ago, but closed the business. I already have a unique taxpayer's reference from filing online previously. I have become self-employed once again, and need to sign up for self assessment.", + "original_question": "Do I need a new UTR for the self assessment?" + }, + { + "id": "train-993", + "question": "Scenario: My fiance and I are self employed and have never had any problems with HMRC before. But we recently received a letter saying that we underpaid our last tax bill. I do not know how this can have happened.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible to query HMRC's decision?\n\nDocument - Disagree with a tax decision:\n## Overview\n\nYou can contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have a query about a tax decision. If you do not understand the decision you can also get advice from HMRC or professional help.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nHMRC will send you a decision letter that will tell you if you can appeal against a tax decision.\n\nYou can appeal against some decisions about:\n\n- your tax bill (for example Self Assessment, Corporation Tax, VAT)\n\n- a claim for tax relief\n\n- a request for information or to check your business records\n\n- a penalty (for example if you paid your tax late or filed your tax return late)\n\nYour appeal can be made by someone who deals with your taxes, for example an accountant.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay your own costs if you appeal a tax decision. You may be able to delay the payment of a penalty or any tax you owe until your appeal\u2019s been resolved.\n\n## If HMRC did not act on information\n\nYou may be able to ask HMRC to cancel tax you owe if they did not act on information that you, your employer or the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) gave them.\n\nYou can do this if you owe:\n\n- Income Tax, for example because you were on the wrong tax code\n\n- Capital Gains Tax\n\n- Class 4 National Insurance contributions\n\n## Appeal against a tax decision\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to tell you if you can appeal. You can use the appeal form you got with your decision letter, or write to HMRC at the address on the letter. You usually have 30 days to appeal.\n\nIf you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any decision dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- your name or business name\n\n- your tax reference number (this will be on the decision letter)\n\n- what you disagree with and why\n\n- what you think the correct figures are and how you\u2019ve calculated them\n\n- your signature\n\nYou should also tell HMRC if you have any extra information or if you think they\u2019ve missed something.\n\nIf you do not have a letter you can write to the HMRC office related to your return.\n\nIf you want to appeal a decision about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can request a review by HMRC or appeal straight to the tax tribunal.\n\nIf customs has seized your things because you have not paid duty or VAT, you can ask for your things back.\n\n## What happens next\n\nWhen you appeal you can accept HMRC\u2019s offer of a review, or request one (if it\u2019s for direct tax). HMRC will tell you what to do next.\n\nA review will be carried out by someone who was not involved in the original decision. This usually takes 45 days, but HMRC will contact you if it will take longer.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision\n\n- consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:\n\n- your review decision is dated February 2020 or later\n\n- you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline\n\n## Appeal against a penalty\n\nYou can appeal to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a penalty, for example for:\n\n- an inaccurate return\n\n- sending in your tax return late\n\n- paying tax late\n\n- failing to keep adequate records\n\nA HMRC officer who was not previously involved with your penalty decision will carry out a review if you appeal.\n\nIf you want to appeal a penalty about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can either:\n\n- request a review from HMRC\n\n- appeal straight to the tax tribunal\n\nYour penalty may be cancelled or amended if you have a reasonable excuse.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nIf HMRC sends you a penalty letter by post, use the appeal form that comes with it or follow the instructions on the letter.\n\nFor Self Assessment, PAYE, VAT and Corporation Tax, there are extra documents you can use or alternative ways to appeal.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing a Self Assessment penalty\n\nYou can get your penalty cancelled if you did not send a tax return because you no longer needed to. Tell HMRC online you do not need to be self assessed or call the helpline.\n\nOtherwise, to appeal you\u2019ll need:\n\n- the date the penalty was issued\n\n- the date you filed your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- details of your reasonable excuse for late filing\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a \u00a3100 late filing penalty from tax year 2015 to 2016 onwards, you can appeal online or by post. You\u2019ll need to set up a Government Gateway account if you do not have one to appeal online.\n\nFor other penalties, you need to appeal by post. Send a completed form SA370 or a letter explaining your appeal to HMRC Self Assessment.\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a penalty to a partnership for a late tax return, appeal by post using form SA371. Only the nominated partner can appeal.\n\n## If you\u2019re an employer appealing a PAYE penalty\n\nYou can appeal online if you\u2019re registered for HMRC\u2019s PAYE for employers service. Once you\u2019ve logged in, select \u2018Appeal a penalty\u2019. You\u2019ll get an immediate acknowledgment when you submit your appeal.\n\n## If you filed a late VAT or Corporation Tax return\n\nYou can also use these specific forms for:\n\n- VAT if you had a reasonable excuse for filing late\n\n- Corporation Tax if you filed late because of computer problems\n\n## If you do not have an appeal form\n\nYou can send a signed letter to HMRC instead. Your letter must include:\n\n- your name\n\n- your reference number, for example your Self Assessment Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) or VAT registration number\n\n- a full explanation of why your return or payment was late, including dates\n\nIf you could not file or pay because of computer problems, you should include the date you tried to file or pay online with details of any system error message.\n\nSend your claim to the HMRC office related to your return.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou must usually appeal within 30 days of the date of the penalty notice.\n\nIf you miss this deadline you must explain the reason for the delay so that HMRC can decide if they\u2019ll consider your appeal.\n\nIf you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any penalty dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision\n\n- consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:\n\n- your review decision is dated February 2020 or later\n\n- you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline\n\n## Delay payment while appealing\n\nYou may be able to delay paying a tax bill or penalty if you disagree with the amount.\n\n## Direct tax\n\nIf you\u2019ve appealed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a direct tax decision (such as Income Tax, Corporation Tax or Capital Gains Tax) write to the HMRC office that sent you the decision, telling them:\n\n- why you think the amount you\u2019ve been asked to pay is too much\n\n- what you think the correct amount is and when you\u2019ll pay it\n\nHMRC will tell you in writing if they agree.\n\n## Penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve appealed against a penalty you will not have to pay until your appeal has been settled.\n\n## Indirect tax\n\nIf you\u2019ve asked HMRC to review an indirect tax decision, for example VAT or Insurance Premium Tax, you will not need to pay until the review has finished.\n\nIf you appeal to the tax tribunal you\u2019ll usually have to pay the tax before they will hear your appeal. You can ask to delay paying the tax if it would cause you extreme financial difficulty (for example, bankruptcy or liquidation).\n\nOnce a final decision has been reached, you must pay any money that you owe in full including interest.\n\n## Penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve asked for a review, or appealed to the tribunal about a penalty, HMRC will not ask you to pay it until your appeal has been settled.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s decision\n\nYou can ask for the decision to be reviewed if you do not agree with the outcome.\n\n## Reasonable excuses\n\nYou can appeal against some penalties if you have a reasonable excuse, for example for your return or payment being late.\n\n## What may count as a reasonable excuse\n\nA reasonable excuse is something that stopped you meeting a tax obligation that you took reasonable care to meet, for example:\n\n- your partner or another close relative died shortly before the tax return or payment deadline\n\n- you had an unexpected stay in hospital that prevented you from dealing with your tax affairs\n\n- you had a serious or life-threatening illness\n\n- your computer or software failed just before or while you were preparing your online return\n\n- service issues with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online services\n\n- a fire, flood or theft prevented you from completing your tax return\n\n- postal delays that you could not have predicted\n\n- delays related to a disability you have\n\nYou must send your return or payment as soon as possible after your reasonable excuse is resolved.\n\n## If you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nHMRC will consider coronavirus as a reasonable excuse for missing some tax obligations (such as payments or filing dates).\n\nExplain how you were affected by coronavirus in your appeal. You must still make the return or payment as soon as you can.\n\n## What will not count as a reasonable excuse\n\nThe following will not be accepted as a reasonable excuse:\n\n- you relied on someone else to send your return and they did not\n\n- your cheque bounced or payment failed because you did not have enough money\n\n- you found the HMRC online system too difficult to use\n\n- you did not get a reminder from HMRC\n\n- you made a mistake on your tax return", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My fiance and I are self employed and have never had any problems with HMRC before. But we recently received a letter saying that we underpaid our last tax bill. I do not know how this can have happened.", + "original_question": "Is it possible to query HMRC's decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-994", + "question": "Scenario: I have recently recovered from a bout of Covid 19 which saw me hospitalised for three weeks. When I returned I found that I had been penalised for not returning my self assessment tax form in time.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible to complain about this and have the penalty repaid due to extenuating circumstances?\n\nDocument - Disagree with a tax decision:\n## Overview\n\nYou can contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have a query about a tax decision. If you do not understand the decision you can also get advice from HMRC or professional help.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nHMRC will send you a decision letter that will tell you if you can appeal against a tax decision.\n\nYou can appeal against some decisions about:\n\n- your tax bill (for example Self Assessment, Corporation Tax, VAT)\n\n- a claim for tax relief\n\n- a request for information or to check your business records\n\n- a penalty (for example if you paid your tax late or filed your tax return late)\n\nYour appeal can be made by someone who deals with your taxes, for example an accountant.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay your own costs if you appeal a tax decision. You may be able to delay the payment of a penalty or any tax you owe until your appeal\u2019s been resolved.\n\n## If HMRC did not act on information\n\nYou may be able to ask HMRC to cancel tax you owe if they did not act on information that you, your employer or the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) gave them.\n\nYou can do this if you owe:\n\n- Income Tax, for example because you were on the wrong tax code\n\n- Capital Gains Tax\n\n- Class 4 National Insurance contributions\n\n## Appeal against a tax decision\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to tell you if you can appeal. You can use the appeal form you got with your decision letter, or write to HMRC at the address on the letter. You usually have 30 days to appeal.\n\nIf you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any decision dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- your name or business name\n\n- your tax reference number (this will be on the decision letter)\n\n- what you disagree with and why\n\n- what you think the correct figures are and how you\u2019ve calculated them\n\n- your signature\n\nYou should also tell HMRC if you have any extra information or if you think they\u2019ve missed something.\n\nIf you do not have a letter you can write to the HMRC office related to your return.\n\nIf you want to appeal a decision about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can request a review by HMRC or appeal straight to the tax tribunal.\n\nIf customs has seized your things because you have not paid duty or VAT, you can ask for your things back.\n\n## What happens next\n\nWhen you appeal you can accept HMRC\u2019s offer of a review, or request one (if it\u2019s for direct tax). HMRC will tell you what to do next.\n\nA review will be carried out by someone who was not involved in the original decision. This usually takes 45 days, but HMRC will contact you if it will take longer.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision\n\n- consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:\n\n- your review decision is dated February 2020 or later\n\n- you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline\n\n## Appeal against a penalty\n\nYou can appeal to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a penalty, for example for:\n\n- an inaccurate return\n\n- sending in your tax return late\n\n- paying tax late\n\n- failing to keep adequate records\n\nA HMRC officer who was not previously involved with your penalty decision will carry out a review if you appeal.\n\nIf you want to appeal a penalty about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can either:\n\n- request a review from HMRC\n\n- appeal straight to the tax tribunal\n\nYour penalty may be cancelled or amended if you have a reasonable excuse.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nIf HMRC sends you a penalty letter by post, use the appeal form that comes with it or follow the instructions on the letter.\n\nFor Self Assessment, PAYE, VAT and Corporation Tax, there are extra documents you can use or alternative ways to appeal.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing a Self Assessment penalty\n\nYou can get your penalty cancelled if you did not send a tax return because you no longer needed to. Tell HMRC online you do not need to be self assessed or call the helpline.\n\nOtherwise, to appeal you\u2019ll need:\n\n- the date the penalty was issued\n\n- the date you filed your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- details of your reasonable excuse for late filing\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a \u00a3100 late filing penalty from tax year 2015 to 2016 onwards, you can appeal online or by post. You\u2019ll need to set up a Government Gateway account if you do not have one to appeal online.\n\nFor other penalties, you need to appeal by post. Send a completed form SA370 or a letter explaining your appeal to HMRC Self Assessment.\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a penalty to a partnership for a late tax return, appeal by post using form SA371. Only the nominated partner can appeal.\n\n## If you\u2019re an employer appealing a PAYE penalty\n\nYou can appeal online if you\u2019re registered for HMRC\u2019s PAYE for employers service. Once you\u2019ve logged in, select \u2018Appeal a penalty\u2019. You\u2019ll get an immediate acknowledgment when you submit your appeal.\n\n## If you filed a late VAT or Corporation Tax return\n\nYou can also use these specific forms for:\n\n- VAT if you had a reasonable excuse for filing late\n\n- Corporation Tax if you filed late because of computer problems\n\n## If you do not have an appeal form\n\nYou can send a signed letter to HMRC instead. Your letter must include:\n\n- your name\n\n- your reference number, for example your Self Assessment Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) or VAT registration number\n\n- a full explanation of why your return or payment was late, including dates\n\nIf you could not file or pay because of computer problems, you should include the date you tried to file or pay online with details of any system error message.\n\nSend your claim to the HMRC office related to your return.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou must usually appeal within 30 days of the date of the penalty notice.\n\nIf you miss this deadline you must explain the reason for the delay so that HMRC can decide if they\u2019ll consider your appeal.\n\nIf you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any penalty dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision\n\n- consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:\n\n- your review decision is dated February 2020 or later\n\n- you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline\n\n## Delay payment while appealing\n\nYou may be able to delay paying a tax bill or penalty if you disagree with the amount.\n\n## Direct tax\n\nIf you\u2019ve appealed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a direct tax decision (such as Income Tax, Corporation Tax or Capital Gains Tax) write to the HMRC office that sent you the decision, telling them:\n\n- why you think the amount you\u2019ve been asked to pay is too much\n\n- what you think the correct amount is and when you\u2019ll pay it\n\nHMRC will tell you in writing if they agree.\n\n## Penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve appealed against a penalty you will not have to pay until your appeal has been settled.\n\n## Indirect tax\n\nIf you\u2019ve asked HMRC to review an indirect tax decision, for example VAT or Insurance Premium Tax, you will not need to pay until the review has finished.\n\nIf you appeal to the tax tribunal you\u2019ll usually have to pay the tax before they will hear your appeal. You can ask to delay paying the tax if it would cause you extreme financial difficulty (for example, bankruptcy or liquidation).\n\nOnce a final decision has been reached, you must pay any money that you owe in full including interest.\n\n## Penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve asked for a review, or appealed to the tribunal about a penalty, HMRC will not ask you to pay it until your appeal has been settled.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s decision\n\nYou can ask for the decision to be reviewed if you do not agree with the outcome.\n\n## Reasonable excuses\n\nYou can appeal against some penalties if you have a reasonable excuse, for example for your return or payment being late.\n\n## What may count as a reasonable excuse\n\nA reasonable excuse is something that stopped you meeting a tax obligation that you took reasonable care to meet, for example:\n\n- your partner or another close relative died shortly before the tax return or payment deadline\n\n- you had an unexpected stay in hospital that prevented you from dealing with your tax affairs\n\n- you had a serious or life-threatening illness\n\n- your computer or software failed just before or while you were preparing your online return\n\n- service issues with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online services\n\n- a fire, flood or theft prevented you from completing your tax return\n\n- postal delays that you could not have predicted\n\n- delays related to a disability you have\n\nYou must send your return or payment as soon as possible after your reasonable excuse is resolved.\n\n## If you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nHMRC will consider coronavirus as a reasonable excuse for missing some tax obligations (such as payments or filing dates).\n\nExplain how you were affected by coronavirus in your appeal. You must still make the return or payment as soon as you can.\n\n## What will not count as a reasonable excuse\n\nThe following will not be accepted as a reasonable excuse:\n\n- you relied on someone else to send your return and they did not\n\n- your cheque bounced or payment failed because you did not have enough money\n\n- you found the HMRC online system too difficult to use\n\n- you did not get a reminder from HMRC\n\n- you made a mistake on your tax return", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have recently recovered from a bout of Covid 19 which saw me hospitalised for three weeks. When I returned I found that I had been penalised for not returning my self assessment tax form in time.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible to complain about this and have the penalty repaid due to extenuating circumstances?" + }, + { + "id": "train-995", + "question": "Scenario: I am self employed. In the previous seven years, I only made \u00a35,000 profit per year. I paid no national insurance during this time.\n\nQuestion: Can I voluntarily pay for national insurance for the whole seven year gap?\n\nDocument - Voluntary National Insurance:\n## Gaps in your National Insurance record\n\nYou may get gaps in your record if you do not pay National Insurance or do not get National Insurance credits. This could be because you were:\n\n- employed but had low earnings\n\n- unemployed and were not claiming benefits\n\n- self-employed but did not pay contributions because of small profits\n\n- living abroad\n\nGaps can mean you will not have enough years of National Insurance contributions to get the full State Pension (sometimes called \u2018qualifying years\u2019).\n\nYou may be able to pay voluntary contributions to fill any gaps if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Check your record for gaps\n\nCheck your National Insurance record to find out:\n\n- if you have any gaps\n\n- if you\u2019re eligible to pay voluntary contributions\n\n- how much it will cost\n\nYou may also be eligible for National Insurance credits if you claim benefits because you cannot work, are unemployed or caring for someone full time.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think your National Insurance record is wrong.\n\n## Decide if you want to pay voluntary contributions\n\nVoluntary contributions do not always increase your State Pension. Contact the Future Pension Centre to find out if you\u2019ll benefit from voluntary contributions.\n\nYou may also want to get financial advice before you decide to make voluntary contributions.\n\n## Why you might want to pay voluntary contributions\n\nYou may want to pay voluntary contributions because:\n\n- you\u2019re close to State Pension age and do not have enough qualifying years to get the full State Pension\n\n- you know you will not be able to get the qualifying years you need to get the full State Pension during your working life\n\n- you\u2019re self-employed and do not have to pay Class 2 contributions because you have low profits\n\n- you live outside the UK, but you want to qualify for some benefits\n\n## Self-employed people with specific jobs\n\nSome people do not pay Class 2 contributions through Self Assessment, but may want to pay voluntary contributions. These are:\n\n- examiners, moderators, invigilators and people who set exam questions\n\n- people who run businesses involving land or property\n\n- ministers of religion who do not receive a salary or stipend\n\n- people who make investments for themselves or others - but not as a business and without getting a fee or commission\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be eligible to pay voluntary National Insurance contributions for the time that the contributions cover.\n\nYou can usually only pay for gaps in your National Insurance record from the past 6 years.\n\nYou can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago depending on your age.\n\n## Who can pay voluntary contributions\n\nThese tables explain who\u2019s eligible to pay Class 2 or Class 3 contributions.\n\n| Your situation | Which class to pay |\n\n| Employed but earning under \u00a3120 a week and not eligible for National Insurance credits | Class 3 |\n\n| Self-employed with profits under \u00a36,515 | Class 2 or Class 3 - they count towards different benefits |\n\n| Both employed and self-employed, with low earnings and small profits | Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to check if you have a gap and how much you need to pay |\n\n| Self-employed as an examiner, minister of religion or in an investment or land and property business | Class 2 or Class 3 - they count towards different benefits |\n\n| Living and working abroad | Class 2 - but only if you worked in the UK immediately before leaving, and you\u2019ve previously lived in the UK for at least 3 years in a row or paid at least 3 years of contributions |\n\n| Living abroad but not working | Class 3 - but only if at some point you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years in a row or paid at least 3 years of contributions |\n\n| Unemployed and not claiming benefits | Class 3 |\n\n| Married woman or widow who stopped paying reduced rates | Class 3 |\n\nYou cannot pay voluntary contributions if:\n\n- you\u2019re eligible for National Insurance credits\n\n- you\u2019re a married woman or widow paying reduced rates\n\n## If you\u2019re over State Pension age\n\n| Your situation | Which class to pay |\n\n| You\u2019ve reached State Pension age and want to fill in gaps in your National Insurance record | Class 3 |\n\n## Rates\n\nThe rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:\n\n- \u00a33.05 a week for Class 2\n\n- \u00a315.40 a week for Class 3\n\nYou usually pay the current rate when you make a voluntary contribution.\n\n## If you\u2019re a man born after 5 April 1951 or a woman born after 5 April 1953\n\nYou can pay voluntary contributions by 5 April 2023 to make up for gaps between 6 April 2006 and 5 April 2016.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay the current rate.\n\n## When you pay different rates\n\nIf you\u2019re paying Class 2 contributions for the previous tax year or Class 3 contributions for the previous 2 tax years, you pay the original rate for those tax years.\n\nCall HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have questions about voluntary National Insurance.\n\n## How and when to pay\n\nFind out how to:\n\n- pay Class 2 voluntary contributions\n\n- pay Class 3 voluntary contributions\n\nIf you\u2019re living abroad, read leaflet NI38 and fill in form CF83 (found at the end). Send it back to HMRC using the address on the form.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou can usually pay voluntary contributions for the past 6 years. The deadline is 5 April each year.\n\nYou can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago, depending on your age.\n\n## You\u2019re a man born after 5 April 1951 or a woman born after 5 April 1953\n\nYou have until 5 April 2023 to pay voluntary contributions to make up for gaps between April 2006 and April 2016.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/voluntary-national-insurance-contributions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am self employed. In the previous seven years, I only made \u00a35,000 profit per year. I paid no national insurance during this time.", + "original_question": "Can I voluntarily pay for national insurance for the whole seven year gap?" + }, + { + "id": "train-998", + "question": "Scenario: My Aunt wants to do a search for a debtor who owes her money. She wants to find out if the debtor has other bankruptcy petitions before she files one.\n\nQuestion: Can she give an oral confirmation about the search?\n\nDocument - Apply to bankrupt someone who owes you money:\n## Overview\n\nYou have to present a bankruptcy petition to a court if you want to bankrupt someone because they owe you money.\n\nThere are also other ways to recover money you\u2019re owed.\n\nA bankruptcy petition is an application to the court for someone\u2019s assets to be taken and sold to pay their debts.\n\nPresenting a petition can be complicated. Most people use a solicitor or other professional to help them.\n\nUsing a mediation service could be quicker and cheaper. Mediation is when an impartial person helps 2 sides work out an agreement.\n\nYou can contact the Insolvency Service if you have questions about making someone bankrupt.\n\n## How to present a petition\n\n- Prove you\u2019re owed at least \u00a35,000 or a share of debts totalling at least \u00a35,000.\n\n- Check for other bankruptcy petitions against the person who owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019).\n\n- Fill in the forms and deliver them to the court.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe court fees to make someone bankrupt are:\n\n- \u00a3990 petition deposit (for managing the bankruptcy)\n\n- \u00a3280 for court costs\n\nPay the fees using cash, postal order or a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019. You can pay by credit or debit card if you apply online.\n\n## Prove you're owed \u00a35,000 or more\n\nTo make someone bankrupt you must be owed one of the following:\n\n- at least \u00a35,000\n\n- a share of debts that total at least \u00a35,000\n\nYou must provide evidence to the court that you\u2019re owed this money. There are 2 ways to do this.\n\nIf you\u2019ve issued a statutory demand (a request for payment) to the debtor, confirm that you did this by filling in a certificate of service (form N215).\n\nAlternatively, get a sheriff\u2019s or bailiff\u2019s statement showing:\n\n- you got a court judgment for the money\n\n- the sheriff or bailiff could not recover enough assets to pay the debt\n\n## Check for other bankruptcy petitions\n\nYou must check if the debtor has had any bankruptcy petitions against them in the past 18 months. These checks are called \u2018searches\u2019.\n\nMost petitions are presented in the area where the debtor lives. Government departments, including HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), present all petitions in London.\n\n## Check for petitions presented in London\n\nCarry out checks using the public computers at either:\n\n- the Rolls Building of the Royal Courts of Justice\n\n- the Central London County Court\n\nIt costs \u00a311 to use the computers for 15 minutes. You can pay by debit or credit card or with cash.\n\n## Check for petitions presented in a county court outside London\n\nContact the county court for the area where the debtor lives.\n\nThey\u2019ll advise you how to check for petitions.\n\n## When you\u2019ve made your checks\n\nYou must confirm you\u2019ve carried out the searches by writing a declaration - use the wording below and fill in the petition number and the name of the court if applicable.\n\nSign and date the declaration and attach it to your petition form.\n\n## If there\u2019s already a petition or bankruptcy order\n\nIt\u2019s cheaper to support an existing petition than to present your own. Notify the petitioner using the contact details on the petition.\n\nIf there\u2019s already a bankruptcy order, you cannot continue with your petition. Register as a creditor instead.\n\n## Apply\n\nThe bankruptcy petition form you fill in depends on whether:\n\n- the debtor has not responded to a statutory demand\n\n- the sheriff or bailiff could not recover enough assets to pay the debt\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide the following as part of the petition:\n\n- a statement of truth confirming the details of your petition\n\n- a declaration that you\u2019ve carried out searches\n\n- evidence you\u2019re owed money\n\n## Presenting the petition\n\nHow you present the petition will depend on the debtor\u2019s circumstances.\n\nSubmit the petition online if the debtor either:\n\n- lives in London and owes you \u00a350,000 or more\n\n- has \u2018no fixed abode\u2019 (no fixed or regular address)\n\nIt\u2019ll go to the High Court.\n\nOtherwise, give the petition in person to the county court nearest to where the debtor lives or works.\n\n## If the debtor owns a business\n\nChoose the court nearest to the debtor\u2019s business address unless this changed in the last 6 months and they\u2019ve been at their home address longer.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give (\u2018serve\u2019) a copy of the petition to the debtor in person.\n\nIf the debtor has an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA) you\u2019ll also need to give a copy to the supervisor.\n\nSend the court a certificate of service (form N215) to confirm you\u2019ve done this.\n\nIf your case is with the High Court you can only submit the certificate of service online. If it\u2019s with another court you can send it there by post.\n\n## If you cannot serve the petition to the debtor in person\n\nYou can ask the court for permission to serve it in another way, for example by post.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to provide a certificate of service confirming you\u2019ve used a \u2018substituted service\u2019.\n\n## Court hearing\n\nThe court will tell you where and when the petition will be heard. This will be at least 14 days after you served the petition to the debtor.\n\nThe debtor can oppose the petition by giving the court a statement of truth at least 5 days before the hearing.\n\nYou must list the people that you want to appear and speak at the hearing.\n\nThe debtor and a supervisor of an IVA can also appear and speak at the hearing.\n\nAt the end of the hearing the court can:\n\n- stay (delay or stop) the petition\n\n- dismiss the petition\n\n- adjourn (postpone) the hearing\n\n- make a bankruptcy order\n\nIf the court dismisses your petition, you\u2019ll get your petition deposit back.\n\nRead more about what happens after a bankruptcy order is made.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nAn Official Receiver at the Insolvency Service will deal with the early stages of a bankruptcy. They will contact you within 12 weeks of the bankruptcy order being made.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to the court if your petition is rejected.\n\nCheck with the court where you made your petition for how to appeal.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-to-bankrupt-someone", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Aunt wants to do a search for a debtor who owes her money. She wants to find out if the debtor has other bankruptcy petitions before she files one.", + "original_question": "Can she give an oral confirmation about the search?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1000", + "question": "Scenario: Greetings. i have been made a partner in the firm I work for. Up until now I have been just an employee paying PAYE as normal.\n\nQuestion: Are partners in firms treated the same way?\n\nDocument - Register for Self Assessment:\n## Overview\n\nYou must register for Self Assessment if you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year.\n\nThere are different ways to register if you\u2019re:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- not self-employed\n\n- registering a partner or partnership\n\n## Register if you\u2019re self-employed\n\nIf you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year, you need to register for Self Assessment and Class 2 National Insurance.\n\nRegister by 5 October in your business\u2019s second tax year. You could be fined if you do not.\n\n## If you have not filed a return online before\n\n- Register online. Once you\u2019ve completed the questions, HMRC will create your account.\n\n- You\u2019ll receive a letter with your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) number within 10 days (21 if you\u2019re abroad). You\u2019ll need your UTR to file a return.\n\n- You\u2019ll then receive another letter with an activation code for your account. You can get a new activation code if you do not receive it or you lose it.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.\n\n## If you\u2019ve filed a return online before\n\nRe-register online (form CWF1) if the work you plan to do is different from what you did before.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) from when you registered before. You can find your UTR if you do not know it.\n\nYou\u2019ll receive a letter with a new account activation code 10 days later (21 if you\u2019re abroad).\n\nOnce you\u2019ve reactivated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.\n\nIf the work you plan to do is the same as you did before, sign in to your account.\n\n## If you\u2019ve filed before but you did not use the online service\n\nCreate an account for the online service using your UTR. You can find your UTR if you do not know it.\n\nYou\u2019ll receive a letter with an activation code for your account.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time before the deadline.\n\n## Other ways to register\n\nYou can fill in this form on-screen then print off and post to HMRC. You\u2019ll need to have all your information ready as you cannot save a partly completed form.\n\nIf you\u2019re using an older browser, for example Internet Explorer 8, you\u2019ll need to update it or use a different browser. Find out more about browsers.\n\n## Register if you're not self-employed\n\nIf you have to send a tax return and did not send one last year, you need to register for Self Assessment by 5 October.\n\n## If you have not filed online before\n\n- Register using form SA1.\n\n- After you register, you\u2019ll receive your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) number in the post within 10 working days (21 if you\u2019re abroad).\n\n- Create your online account.\n\n- Sign up for Self Assessment online - you\u2019ll need your UTR to do this.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an activation code for your new account in the post within 7 working days of signing up (21 if you\u2019re abroad). When you get the code, sign in to send your return.\n\nYou can replace an activation code if you do not receive it or you lose it.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve activated your account, you can file your tax return any time.\n\n## If you\u2019ve filed online before\n\nSign in to your existing account.\n\n## Register if you're a partner or partnership\n\nYou must register for Self Assessment by 5 October if you\u2019re a partner in a partnership.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your partnership\u2019s 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR). You can find a UTR if you\u2019ve lost it.\n\nYou must also register your partnership if you\u2019re the \u2018nominated partner\u2019.\n\nThere are different ways to register:\n\n- for limited liability partnerships\n\n- if you\u2019re a partner that\u2019s not an individual, for example a company or trust", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-for-self-assessment", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Greetings. i have been made a partner in the firm I work for. Up until now I have been just an employee paying PAYE as normal.", + "original_question": "Are partners in firms treated the same way?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1001", + "question": "Scenario: I have made an appeal on a planning decision. I took time off work for an inspection, costing me \u00a3500 in business revenue. The inspector did not turn up.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to claim these costs due to this?\n\nDocument - Claim planning appeal costs:\n## Overview\n\nYou can claim costs if someone involved in your planning appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money.\n\nYou make a claim for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 to the Planning Inspectorate. If you\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll have to reach an agreement with the other party about how much they pay.\n\nYou can be asked to pay costs if you behave unreasonably during your own appeal. The Planning Inspectorate can do this even if nobody\u2019s claiming costs against you.\n\n## Deadline to claim for costs\n\nThe deadline depends on whether your appeal will be decided:\n\n- at a hearing or inquiry - apply before it closes\n\n- in writing - apply when you appeal for householder, commercial and tree preservation orders, or before the final comments stage for anything else\n\nThe deadline is different for claims about:\n\n- a site visit (eg someone didn\u2019t attend) - apply within 7 days\n\n- a withdrawn appeal or enforcement notice - apply within 4 weeks\n\n## When to claim\n\nYou may be able to claim costs if someone involved in your appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money. This includes if they:\n\n- fail to co-operate with you or others\n\n- miss deadlines\n\n- fail to turn up to a site visit, hearing or inquiry\n\n- gave information that was wrong or declared after the deadline\n\n## What costs you can claim\n\nYou can claim for costs directly related to your appeal, for example:\n\n- time preparing for an appeal\n\n- attending a hearing or inquiry\n\n- the use of consultants to provide detailed technical advice\n\n- witnesses if you need to pay them\n\nYou can\u2019t claim for costs relating to your original planning application.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim for costs by filling in the claim form. Return it to the address on the form.\n\nAlternatively, you can send a letter to the Planning Inspectorate. Include why you think someone has behaved unreasonably and how this has cost you money.\n\n## After you claim\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will consider your claim. The party being asked to pay will have an opportunity to respond in writing.\n\nIf you\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll be given either:\n\n- a full award - you can recover all your costs including the cost of claiming\n\n- a partial award - you can only recover some costs\n\nThe award doesn\u2019t tell you how much you should get. It\u2019s your responsibility to prove to the other party how much you\u2019ve spent on the appeal.\n\n## If they won\u2019t pay\n\nYou can make a court claim for money if the other party won\u2019t pay.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-planning-appeal-costs", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have made an appeal on a planning decision. I took time off work for an inspection, costing me \u00a3500 in business revenue. The inspector did not turn up.", + "original_question": "Am I able to claim these costs due to this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1002", + "question": "Scenario: I have appealed against a planning decision, and have made a claim to for costs. The costs I incurred were \u00a3600 for witnesses.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to get the full amount back?\n\nDocument - Claim planning appeal costs:\n## Overview\n\nYou can claim costs if someone involved in your planning appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money.\n\nYou make a claim for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 to the Planning Inspectorate. If you\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll have to reach an agreement with the other party about how much they pay.\n\nYou can be asked to pay costs if you behave unreasonably during your own appeal. The Planning Inspectorate can do this even if nobody\u2019s claiming costs against you.\n\n## Deadline to claim for costs\n\nThe deadline depends on whether your appeal will be decided:\n\n- at a hearing or inquiry - apply before it closes\n\n- in writing - apply when you appeal for householder, commercial and tree preservation orders, or before the final comments stage for anything else\n\nThe deadline is different for claims about:\n\n- a site visit (eg someone didn\u2019t attend) - apply within 7 days\n\n- a withdrawn appeal or enforcement notice - apply within 4 weeks\n\n## When to claim\n\nYou may be able to claim costs if someone involved in your appeal behaves unreasonably and costs you money. This includes if they:\n\n- fail to co-operate with you or others\n\n- miss deadlines\n\n- fail to turn up to a site visit, hearing or inquiry\n\n- gave information that was wrong or declared after the deadline\n\n## What costs you can claim\n\nYou can claim for costs directly related to your appeal, for example:\n\n- time preparing for an appeal\n\n- attending a hearing or inquiry\n\n- the use of consultants to provide detailed technical advice\n\n- witnesses if you need to pay them\n\nYou can\u2019t claim for costs relating to your original planning application.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim for costs by filling in the claim form. Return it to the address on the form.\n\nAlternatively, you can send a letter to the Planning Inspectorate. Include why you think someone has behaved unreasonably and how this has cost you money.\n\n## After you claim\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will consider your claim. The party being asked to pay will have an opportunity to respond in writing.\n\nIf you\u2019re successful, you\u2019ll be given either:\n\n- a full award - you can recover all your costs including the cost of claiming\n\n- a partial award - you can only recover some costs\n\nThe award doesn\u2019t tell you how much you should get. It\u2019s your responsibility to prove to the other party how much you\u2019ve spent on the appeal.\n\n## If they won\u2019t pay\n\nYou can make a court claim for money if the other party won\u2019t pay.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-planning-appeal-costs", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have appealed against a planning decision, and have made a claim to for costs. The costs I incurred were \u00a3600 for witnesses.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to get the full amount back?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1004", + "question": "Scenario: I have unsecured debts amounting to \u00a375,000 that I am struggling to pay. I can afford to pay a small amount each month. I want to apply for a Debt Management Plan.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible for this?\n\nDocument - Options for paying off your debts:\n## Overview\n\nIf you owe people money (your \u2018creditors\u2019) you can make arrangements to pay your debts. Your options depend on the amount of money and assets you have.\n\n## Where you can get help\n\nSpeak to a debt adviser to get help choosing the best way to deal with your debt.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information about debt management and free debt advisory services.\n\n## Paying off your debts\n\nYou can pay your debts in instalments by setting up:\n\n- a Debt Management Plan which is an agreement with your creditors managed by a financial company\n\n- an Administration Order when you\u2019ve had a county court judgment (CCJ) or a High Court judgment (HCJ) against you for debts under \u00a35,000\n\n- an Individual Voluntary Arrangement which is managed by an insolvency practitioner\n\nYou can also get temporary protection from your creditors through the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, while still making repayments. You\u2019ll need to apply through a debt advisor.\n\nIn Scotland you can arrange a Debt Payment Programme from the Debt Arrangement Scheme.\n\nYou may also have the option of reaching an informal agreement with your creditors.\n\n## If you cannot pay off your debt\n\nYou can apply for a Debt Relief Order or Bankruptcy Order if you cannot pay your debts because you do not have enough money or assets you can sell.\n\nIf you cannot pay off your debts, you can be made bankrupt.\n\n## Breathing Space (Debt Respite Scheme)\n\nIf you live in England or Wales, you can get temporary protection from your creditors while you get debt advice and make a plan. This scheme is called \u2018Breathing Space\u2019.\n\nYou can get temporary protection for up to 60 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to make your debt repayments.\n\nIf you get it:\n\n- enforcement action cannot be taken against you\n\n- your creditors cannot contact you about debts included in your Breathing Space\n\n- your creditors cannot add interest or charges to your debt\n\nIf you\u2019re getting mental health crisis treatment, your protection from creditors will be longer. It will last for the length of your treatment, plus another 30 days.\n\n## How to apply for the Breathing Space scheme\n\nTo apply for the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, you need to talk to a debt adviser. They will submit an application on your behalf if it\u2019s the right thing to do.\n\nYou can find a free debt adviser on the Money Advice Service website. You can get confidential advice online, over the phone or in person.\n\nIf you\u2019re receiving mental health treatment and cannot speak to a debt adviser, someone else can do so on your behalf.\n\n## Costs\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply for \u2018Breathing Space\u2019, but some debt advisers may charge you a fee.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- not have a debt relief order (DRO), an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA), an interim order, or be an undischarged bankrupt at the time you apply\n\n- not already be using the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme\n\n- not have used the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme in the last 12 months, unless it was for a mental health crisis\n\n## Debt Management Plans\n\nA Debt Management Plan is an agreement between you and your creditors to pay all of your debts.\n\nDebt management plans are usually used when either:\n\n- you can only afford to pay creditors a small amount each month\n\n- you have debt problems but will be able to make repayments in a few months\n\nYou can arrange a plan with your creditors yourself or through a licensed debt management company for a fee. If you arrange this with a company:\n\n- you make regular payments to the company\n\n- the company shares the money out between your creditors\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether a Debt Management Plan is right for you.\n\n## Get a Debt Management Plan\n\n- Set up a plan with a debt management company authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). Search the Financial Services Register for an authorised company.\n\n- The company works out your monthly payments. You\u2019ll have to give details about your financial situation, for example your assets, debts, income and creditors.\n\n- The company contacts your creditors and asks them to agree to the plan (they do not have to).\n\nUnless stated in the agreement, your creditors can still:\n\n- ask you to pay your full debt at a later date\n\n- take action to recover their money even if you keep up your payments\n\n## Costs\n\nSome companies will charge:\n\n- a set up fee\n\n- a handling fee each time you make a payment\n\nMake sure you understand the costs of your plan and how you pay for it.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nDebt Management Plans can only be used to pay \u2018unsecured\u2019 debts, for example debts that have not been guaranteed against your property.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour plan can be cancelled if you do not keep up your repayments.\n\n## Administration orders\n\nAn administration order is a way to deal with debt if you have a county court or High Court judgment against you and you cannot pay in full.\n\nThe debt must be less than \u00a35,000.\n\nYou make 1 payment a month to your local court. The court will divide this money between your creditors.\n\nCreditors listed on the administration order cannot take any further action against you without the court\u2019s permission.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether an administration order is right for you.\n\n## Get an administration order\n\nFill in an application for an administration order (form N92) and return it to your local court.\n\nThe court decides:\n\n- how much of your debt you have to repay, for example all or just part of it\n\n- how much your monthly repayments will be\n\n- how long the arrangement lasts\n\nThe arrangement is known as a \u2018composition order\u2019 if you cannot pay all your debts.\n\n## Costs\n\nThere\u2019s a court fee each time you make a payment. This cannot be more than 10% of your debt.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- owe less than \u00a35,000, including any interest and charges\n\n- owe money to at least 2 creditors\n\n- prove you can afford regular repayments, for example by giving details of your income\n\n- have a county court or High Court judgment against you, which you cannot pay in full\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must keep up your repayments or the court can:\n\n- ask your employer take money from your wages \u2013 known as an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019\n\n- cancel the arrangement\n\nYou may still be able to keep your business running, if you have one.\n\n## Public records\n\nYour administration order is added to the Register of Judgments, Orders and Fines.\n\nIt\u2019s usually removed 6 years after the date the order was made.\n\nYour entry is marked as \u2018satisfied\u2019 if you repay your debts in full.\n\nYou can also ask the court for a \u2018certificate of satisfaction\u2019. To do this, write to the court and send a cheque for \u00a315 (made payable to Her Majesty\u2019s Courts and Tribunal Service).\n\n## Individual Voluntary Arrangements\n\nAn Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA) is an agreement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts. You agree to make regular payments to an insolvency practitioner, who will divide this money between your creditors.\n\nAn IVA can give you more control of your assets than bankruptcy.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether an IVA is right for you.\n\n## Get an Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA)\n\nUse an insolvency practitioner to get an IVA.\n\nYour insolvency practitioner works out what you can afford to repay and how long the IVA lasts. You\u2019ll have to give details about your financial situation, for example your assets, debts, income and creditors.\n\nYour insolvency practitioner will contact your creditors. The IVA will start if the creditors holding 75% of your debts agree to it. It will apply to all your creditors, including any who disagreed to it.\n\nAn IVA will stop your creditors taking action against you for your debts.\n\n## Costs\n\nThere are usually 2 fees:\n\n- a set up fee\n\n- a handling fee each time you make a payment\n\nMake sure you know how much it\u2019s going to cost before asking an insolvency practitioner to act for you.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour IVA can be cancelled by the insolvency practitioner if you do not keep up your repayments. The insolvency practitioner can make you bankrupt.\n\nYou may still be able to keep your business running, if you have one.\n\n## Public records\n\nYour IVA will be added to the Individual Insolvency Register. It\u2019s removed 3 months after the IVA ends.\n\n## Debt Relief Orders\n\nDebt Relief Orders (DROs) are one way to deal with your debts if you owe less than \u00a320,000, do not have much spare income and do not own your home.\n\nIf you get one:\n\n- your creditors cannot recover their money without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- you\u2019re usually freed (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your debts after 12 months\n\n## Get a Debt Relief Order\n\nYou get a DRO from the official receiver, an officer of the bankruptcy court, but you must apply through an authorised debt adviser. They\u2019ll help you fill in the paperwork.\n\nThere\u2019s a list of organisations that can help you find an authorised debt adviser in the guide to DROs.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information about where to get free debt advice.\n\n## Costs\n\nThe official receiver\u2019s fee is \u00a390. Your debt adviser can tell you how and when to pay it. In some cases a charity may be able to help you with the cost - ask your debt adviser.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019re generally eligible if you meet all of these criteria:\n\n- you owe less than \u00a320,000\n\n- you\u2019ve less than \u00a350 a month spare income\n\n- you\u2019ve less than \u00a31,000 worth of assets\n\n- you\u2019ve lived or worked in England and Wales within the last 3 years\n\n- you have not applied for a DRO within the last 6 years\n\n## Restrictions\n\nYou must follow rules called \u2018restrictions\u2019 if you get a DRO.\n\nThis means you cannot:\n\n- borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender about your DRO\n\n- act as the director of a company\n\n- create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- manage a business without telling those you do business with about your DRO\n\nIf you want to open a bank account, you may also have to tell the bank or building society about your DRO.\n\nCheck the Individual Insolvency Register to see when the restrictions end.\n\nThe restrictions usually last 12 months. They can be extended if careless or dishonest behaviour caused your debt problem. For example, you lied to get credit.\n\nThe official receiver will tell you if they should be extended. To extend them, you\u2019ll be asked to agree to a \u2018Debt Relief Restrictions Undertaking\u2019. The court can issue a \u2018Debt Relief Restrictions Order\u2019 if you do not agree.\n\n## What you need to know\n\nWhile you have a DRO you still have to pay:\n\n- your rent and bills\n\n- certain debts, for example student loans, court fines\n\nDROs can be cancelled if:\n\n- your finances improve\n\n- you do not co-operate with the official receiver - for example you do not give them the information they ask for\n\nIf you get new debt after your DRO is approved you could:\n\n- get a bankruptcy order\n\n- be prosecuted if you do not tell new creditors about your DRO\n\nYour DRO is added to the Individual Insolvency Register - it\u2019s removed 3 months after the DRO ends.\n\nYour DRO will stay on your credit record for 6 years.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have unsecured debts amounting to \u00a375,000 that I am struggling to pay. I can afford to pay a small amount each month. I want to apply for a Debt Management Plan.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible for this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1005", + "question": "Scenario: I have a VAT-registered business. The turnover of my business in the next year is estimated to be \u00a31.5 million. I am looking to join the annual accounting scheme. I have never joined this scheme.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible to join this scheme?\n\nDocument - VAT Annual Accounting Scheme:\n## Overview\n\nUsually, VAT-registered businesses submit their VAT Returns and payments to HM Revenue and Customs 4 times a year.\n\nWith the Annual Accounting Scheme you:\n\n- make advance VAT payments towards your VAT bill - based on your last return (or estimated if you\u2019re new to VAT)\n\n- submit 1 VAT Return a year\n\nFrom 1 April 2019, most businesses will need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.\n\nWhen you submit your VAT Return you either:\n\n- make a final payment - the difference between your advance payments and actual VAT bill\n\n- apply for a refund - if you\u2019ve overpaid your VAT bill\n\nThe scheme would not suit your business if you regularly reclaim VAT because you\u2019ll only be able to get 1 refund a year (when you submit the VAT Return).\n\nYou can join the scheme if your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less.\n\nTalk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Annual Accounting Scheme is right for you.\n\n## Join or leave the scheme\n\nYou must be eligible to join the scheme.\n\n## How to join\n\nYou can join the scheme:\n\n- online - when you register for VAT\n\n- by post - fill in VAT600 AA (or use VAT600 AA/FRS to apply for the Flat Rate Scheme at the same time)\n\nDo not use the address on the form - send it to the following address instead.\n\nConfirmation you\u2019ve joined the scheme is sent to your VAT online account (or in the post if you do not apply online).\n\n## How to leave\n\nYou can leave the scheme at any time, but you must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it.\n\nTo leave, write to HMRC and they will confirm when you can leave. From this date, you must account for your VAT in the usual way.\n\nYou have to wait 12 months before you can rejoin the scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can join the Annual Accounting Scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re a VAT-registered business\n\n- your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months\n\nVAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use the scheme if:\n\n- you left the scheme in the last 12 months\n\n- your business is part of a VAT registered division or group of companies\n\n- you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments\n\n- you\u2019re insolvent\n\n## Leaving the scheme\n\nYou must leave the scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it\n\n- your VAT taxable turnover is (or is likely to be) more than \u00a31.6 million at the end of the annual accounting year\n\n## Return and payment deadlines\n\nCheck your VAT Return and payment deadlines in your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account.\n\n## VAT Return deadline\n\nThere are 12 months in your VAT accounting period. Your VAT Return is due once a year, 2 months after the end of your accounting period.\n\nMost businesses now need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.\n\n## Payment deadlines\n\nYou must make advance payments towards your VAT bill (either monthly or quarterly) during your accounting period and a final payment when you submit your VAT Return.\n\n| Payment | Deadline |\n\n| Monthly | Due at the end of months 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 |\n\n| Quarterly | Due at the end of months 4, 7 and 10 |\n\n| Final payment | Within 2 months of month 12 |\n\n## How much do you pay\n\nEach payment is either 10% of your estimated VAT bill (monthly payments) or 25% (quarterly payments). The amount is based on previous VAT returns (or estimated if you\u2019re new to VAT).\n\nHMRC will write telling you when your instalments are due and how much they\u2019ll be.\n\nThe final payment (known as a \u2018balancing payment\u2019) is the difference between your advance payments and the actual VAT bill confirmed on your VAT Return.\n\nYou may be due a VAT refund if you\u2019ve overpaid HMRC.\n\nYou must pay VAT to HMRC electronically, for example by Direct Debit or internet banking.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-annual-accounting-scheme", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a VAT-registered business. The turnover of my business in the next year is estimated to be \u00a31.5 million. I am looking to join the annual accounting scheme. I have never joined this scheme.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible to join this scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1008", + "question": "Scenario: I have recently applied for a mortgage and I have been asked for proof of income. I gave them payslips but they said I should provide something else.\n\nQuestion: Would my end of year P60 form be suitable for this?\n\nDocument - P45, P60 and P11D forms: workers' guide:\n## P45\n\nYou\u2019ll get a P45 from your employer when you stop working for them.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting P45s if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nYour P45 shows how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary so far in the tax year (6 April to 5 April).\n\nA P45 has 4 parts (Part 1, Part 1A, Part 2 and Part 3).\n\n- Your employer sends details for Part 1 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and gives you the other parts.\n\n- You give Part 2 and 3 to your new employer (or to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not working).\n\n- Keep Part 1A for your own records.\n\nBy law your employer must give you a P45 - ask them for one.\n\nYou can check how much tax you paid last year if you think you might have paid too much.\n\n## You do not have a P45\n\nYou will not have a P45 if you\u2019re starting your first job or you\u2019re taking on a second job. Your employer will need to work out how much tax you should be paying on your salary.\n\nThey may use a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 to collect the information, or may collect it another way. The Starter Checklist has questions about any other jobs, benefits or student loans you have. It helps your employer work out your correct tax code before your first payday.\n\n## P60\n\nYour P60 shows the tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary in the tax year (6 April to 5 April). You get a separate P60 for each of your jobs.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting P60s if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nIf you\u2019re working for an employer on 5 April they must give you a P60. They must provide this by 31 May, on paper or electronically.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your P60 to prove how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary, for example:\n\n- to claim back overpaid tax\n\n- to apply for tax credits\n\n- as proof of your income if you apply for a loan or a mortgage\n\nYou can check how much tax you paid last year if you think you might have paid too much.\n\n## P11D\n\nYour employer might give you a copy of your P11D if they used it to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about your \u2018benefits in kind\u2019 (for example company cars or interest-free loans).\n\nThey do not have to do this, but they must tell you how much each benefit is worth.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting form P11D if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nYou might not get a P11D if your employer takes the tax you owe on your benefits out of your pay.\n\nYour employer will write to you to explain how this works.\n\n## Lost PAYE forms\n\n## Lost P45\n\nYou cannot get a replacement P45.\n\nInstead, your new employer may give you a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 or ask you for the relevant details about your finances to send to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n## Lost P60\n\nYou can get a replacement P60 from your employer.\n\n## P11D\n\nYou can usually get a copy of the P11D from your employer. If they cannot give you one, you can contact HMRC for a copy.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-forms-p45-p60-p11d", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have recently applied for a mortgage and I have been asked for proof of income. I gave them payslips but they said I should provide something else.", + "original_question": "Would my end of year P60 form be suitable for this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1011", + "question": "Scenario: Good evening. Dave here. I have been working in Africa for a few years and am concerned about my state pension. Someone has told me I can pay towards this even if I am out of the UK.\n\nQuestion: Can I pay NI contributions while I am outside the United Kingdom for a prolonged period?\n\nDocument - Voluntary National Insurance:\n## Gaps in your National Insurance record\n\nYou may get gaps in your record if you do not pay National Insurance or do not get National Insurance credits. This could be because you were:\n\n- employed but had low earnings\n\n- unemployed and were not claiming benefits\n\n- self-employed but did not pay contributions because of small profits\n\n- living abroad\n\nGaps can mean you will not have enough years of National Insurance contributions to get the full State Pension (sometimes called \u2018qualifying years\u2019).\n\nYou may be able to pay voluntary contributions to fill any gaps if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Check your record for gaps\n\nCheck your National Insurance record to find out:\n\n- if you have any gaps\n\n- if you\u2019re eligible to pay voluntary contributions\n\n- how much it will cost\n\nYou may also be eligible for National Insurance credits if you claim benefits because you cannot work, are unemployed or caring for someone full time.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think your National Insurance record is wrong.\n\n## Decide if you want to pay voluntary contributions\n\nVoluntary contributions do not always increase your State Pension. Contact the Future Pension Centre to find out if you\u2019ll benefit from voluntary contributions.\n\nYou may also want to get financial advice before you decide to make voluntary contributions.\n\n## Why you might want to pay voluntary contributions\n\nYou may want to pay voluntary contributions because:\n\n- you\u2019re close to State Pension age and do not have enough qualifying years to get the full State Pension\n\n- you know you will not be able to get the qualifying years you need to get the full State Pension during your working life\n\n- you\u2019re self-employed and do not have to pay Class 2 contributions because you have low profits\n\n- you live outside the UK, but you want to qualify for some benefits\n\n## Self-employed people with specific jobs\n\nSome people do not pay Class 2 contributions through Self Assessment, but may want to pay voluntary contributions. These are:\n\n- examiners, moderators, invigilators and people who set exam questions\n\n- people who run businesses involving land or property\n\n- ministers of religion who do not receive a salary or stipend\n\n- people who make investments for themselves or others - but not as a business and without getting a fee or commission\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be eligible to pay voluntary National Insurance contributions for the time that the contributions cover.\n\nYou can usually only pay for gaps in your National Insurance record from the past 6 years.\n\nYou can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago depending on your age.\n\n## Who can pay voluntary contributions\n\nThese tables explain who\u2019s eligible to pay Class 2 or Class 3 contributions.\n\n| Your situation | Which class to pay |\n\n| Employed but earning under \u00a3120 a week and not eligible for National Insurance credits | Class 3 |\n\n| Self-employed with profits under \u00a36,515 | Class 2 or Class 3 - they count towards different benefits |\n\n| Both employed and self-employed, with low earnings and small profits | Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to check if you have a gap and how much you need to pay |\n\n| Self-employed as an examiner, minister of religion or in an investment or land and property business | Class 2 or Class 3 - they count towards different benefits |\n\n| Living and working abroad | Class 2 - but only if you worked in the UK immediately before leaving, and you\u2019ve previously lived in the UK for at least 3 years in a row or paid at least 3 years of contributions |\n\n| Living abroad but not working | Class 3 - but only if at some point you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years in a row or paid at least 3 years of contributions |\n\n| Unemployed and not claiming benefits | Class 3 |\n\n| Married woman or widow who stopped paying reduced rates | Class 3 |\n\nYou cannot pay voluntary contributions if:\n\n- you\u2019re eligible for National Insurance credits\n\n- you\u2019re a married woman or widow paying reduced rates\n\n## If you\u2019re over State Pension age\n\n| Your situation | Which class to pay |\n\n| You\u2019ve reached State Pension age and want to fill in gaps in your National Insurance record | Class 3 |\n\n## Rates\n\nThe rates for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:\n\n- \u00a33.05 a week for Class 2\n\n- \u00a315.40 a week for Class 3\n\nYou usually pay the current rate when you make a voluntary contribution.\n\n## If you\u2019re a man born after 5 April 1951 or a woman born after 5 April 1953\n\nYou can pay voluntary contributions by 5 April 2023 to make up for gaps between 6 April 2006 and 5 April 2016.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay the current rate.\n\n## When you pay different rates\n\nIf you\u2019re paying Class 2 contributions for the previous tax year or Class 3 contributions for the previous 2 tax years, you pay the original rate for those tax years.\n\nCall HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have questions about voluntary National Insurance.\n\n## How and when to pay\n\nFind out how to:\n\n- pay Class 2 voluntary contributions\n\n- pay Class 3 voluntary contributions\n\nIf you\u2019re living abroad, read leaflet NI38 and fill in form CF83 (found at the end). Send it back to HMRC using the address on the form.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou can usually pay voluntary contributions for the past 6 years. The deadline is 5 April each year.\n\nYou can sometimes pay for gaps from more than 6 years ago, depending on your age.\n\n## You\u2019re a man born after 5 April 1951 or a woman born after 5 April 1953\n\nYou have until 5 April 2023 to pay voluntary contributions to make up for gaps between April 2006 and April 2016.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/voluntary-national-insurance-contributions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Good evening. Dave here. I have been working in Africa for a few years and am concerned about my state pension. Someone has told me I can pay towards this even if I am out of the UK.", + "original_question": "Can I pay NI contributions while I am outside the United Kingdom for a prolonged period?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1015", + "question": "Scenario: I own \u00a37,000 of shares in my employer's company. I received \u00a31,600 of these shares before the 20th January 2016. I, nor any relation, hold more than 25% of the voting rights in the company.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible for tax relief on these shares?\n\nDocument - Tax and Employee Share Schemes:\n## Overview\n\nIf your employer offers you company shares, you could get tax advantages, like not paying Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.\n\nTax advantages only apply if the shares are offered through the following schemes:\n\n- Share Incentive Plans\n\n- Save As You Earn (SAYE)\n\n- Company Share Option Plans\n\n- Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)\n\nYou may be offered shares outside of these schemes. However these will not have the same tax advantages.\n\nYou can also get tax advantages if you\u2019re an employee shareholder.\n\n## Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)\n\nIf you get shares through a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and keep them in the plan for 5 years you will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.\n\nYou will not pay Capital Gains Tax on shares you sell if you keep them in the plan until you sell them.\n\nIf you take them out of the plan, keep them and then sell them later on, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if their value has increased.\n\nThere are 4 ways you can get shares under SIPs.\n\n## Free shares\n\nYour employer can give you up to \u00a33,600 of free shares in any tax year.\n\n## Partnership shares\n\nYou can buy shares out of your salary before tax deductions. There\u2019s a limit to how much you can spend - either \u00a31,800 or 10% of your income for the tax year, whichever is lower.\n\n## Matching shares\n\nYour employer can give you up to 2 free matching shares for each partnership share you buy.\n\n## Dividend shares\n\nYou may be able to buy more shares with the dividends you get from free, partnership or matching shares (but only if your employer\u2019s scheme allows it).\n\nYou will not pay Income Tax if you keep the dividend shares for at least 3 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax and National Insurance on any shares you take out of a SIP early.\n\n## Save As You Earn (SAYE)\n\nThis is a savings-related share scheme where you can buy shares with your savings for a fixed price.\n\nYou can save up to \u00a3500 a month under the scheme. At the end of your savings contract (3 or 5 years) you can use the savings to buy shares.\n\nThe tax advantages are:\n\n- the interest and any bonus at the end of the scheme is tax-free\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re worth\n\nYou might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\nYou\u2019ll not pay Capital Gains Tax if you transfer the shares:\n\n- to an Individual Savings Account (ISA) within 90 days of the scheme ending\n\n- to a pension, directly from the scheme when it ends\n\nIf you do not transfer your shares to a pension immediately when the scheme ends, you can still transfer them up to 90 days later. You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if they go up in value between when you buy them and when you transfer them.\n\n## Company Share Option Plan\n\nThis gives you the option to buy up to \u00a330,000 worth of shares at a fixed price.\n\nYou will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance contributions on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re actually worth.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\n## Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)\n\nIf you work for a company with assets of \u00a330 million or less, it may be able to offer Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs).\n\nYour company can grant you share options up to the value of \u00a3250,000 in a 3-year period.\n\nYou will not have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance if you buy the shares for at least the market value they had when you were granted the option.\n\nIf you were given a discount on the market value, you\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay and what the shares were worth.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\n## Excluded activities\n\nCompanies that work in \u2018excluded activities\u2019 are not allowed to offer EMIs. Excluded activities include:\n\n- banking\n\n- farming\n\n- property development\n\n- provision of legal services\n\n- ship building\n\n## Employee shareholder shares\n\nTo be an employee shareholder, you must own shares in your employer\u2019s company that were worth at least \u00a32,000 when you got them.\n\nYou will not usually pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the first \u00a32,000 worth of employee shareholder shares you get before 1 December 2016.\n\nYou will not get tax relief if you or someone you\u2019re connected with (like a business partner, spouse or family member) have 25% or more voting rights in the company.\n\nWhen you become an employee shareholder your employer must pay for an independent expert to give advice about the terms and effects of the employee shareholder agreement. This advice not count as a taxable benefit.\n\n## Selling your shares\n\nYou might not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell shares. It depends on when you signed your employee shareholder agreement.\n\n## Before 17 March 2016\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax on shares that were worth over \u00a350,000 when you got them.\n\n## From 17 March 2016\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax on gains over \u00a3100,000 that you make during your lifetime. The \u2018gain\u2019 is the profit you make when you sell shares that have increased in value.\n\n## Transferring your shares to an ISA\n\nYou can transfer up to \u00a320,000 of employee shares into a stocks and shares Individual Savings Account (ISA) if you have shares in a:\n\n- Save As You Earn (SAYE) scheme\n\n- Share Incentive Plan (SIP)\n\nYour ISA provider must agree to the transfer.\n\nYou will not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on any gains you make on your shares if you move them to an ISA.\n\nYou must transfer your shares to your ISA within 90 days of when you took out your SIP or SAYE shares.\n\nThese shares will count towards your \u00a320,000 ISA limit. They cannot be in addition to the limit.\n\nAsk your employer or ISA provider for more information on how to transfer.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own \u00a37,000 of shares in my employer's company. I received \u00a31,600 of these shares before the 20th January 2016. I, nor any relation, hold more than 25% of the voting rights in the company.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible for tax relief on these shares?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1017", + "question": "Scenario: I am a marketing manager in my company. I travel with my car and stay overnights in hotels as I meet more and more business clients. I spent personal money on covering accommodation fees, food and drink. I am in the process of compiling all the expenses to claim tax relief\n\nQuestion: I've told I can't include parking fees. Is this correct?\n\nDocument - Claim tax relief for your job expenses:\n## Overview\n\nYou might be able to claim tax relief if:\n\n- you use your own money for things that you must buy for your job\n\n- you only use these things for your work\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief if your employer either gives you:\n\n- all the money back\n\n- an alternative, for example your employer gives you a laptop but you want a different type or model\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou must have paid tax in the year. You\u2019ll get tax relief based on what you\u2019ve spent and the rate at which you pay tax.\n\nFor some claims, you must keep records of what you\u2019ve spent. You must claim within 4 years of the end of the tax year that you spent the money.\n\nIf your claim is for the current tax year, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will usually make any adjustments needed through your tax code.\n\nIf your claim is for previous tax years, HMRC will either make adjustments through your tax code or give you a tax refund.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Working from home\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief for additional household costs if you have to work at home on a regular basis, either for all or part of the week. This includes if you have to work from home because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief if you choose to work from home.\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief for:\n\n- gas and electricity\n\n- metered water\n\n- business phone calls, including dial-up internet access\n\nYou cannot claim for the whole bill, just the part that relates to your work.\n\nYou may also be able to claim tax relief on equipment you\u2019ve bought, such as a laptop, chair or mobile phone.\n\n## How much you can claim\n\nYou can either claim tax relief on:\n\n- \u00a36 a week from 6 April 2020 (for previous tax years the rate is \u00a34 a week) - you will not need to keep evidence of your extra costs\n\n- the exact amount of extra costs you\u2019ve incurred above the weekly amount - you\u2019ll need evidence such as receipts, bills or contracts\n\nYou\u2019ll get tax relief based on the rate at which you pay tax. For example, if you pay the 20% basic rate of tax and claim tax relief on \u00a36 a week you would get \u00a31.20 per week in tax relief (20% of \u00a36).\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Uniforms, work clothing and tools\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief on the cost of:\n\n- repairing or replacing small tools you need to do your job (for example, scissors or an electric drill)\n\n- cleaning, repairing or replacing specialist clothing (for example, a uniform or safety boots)\n\nYou cannot claim relief on the initial cost of buying small tools or clothing for work.\n\n## Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief for PPE. If your job requires you to use PPE your employer should either:\n\n- give you PPE free of charge\n\n- ask you to buy it and reimburse you the costs\n\n## How much you can claim\n\nYou can either claim:\n\n- the actual amount you\u2019ve spent - you\u2019ll need to keep receipts\n\n- an agreed fixed amount (a \u2018flat rate expense\u2019 or \u2018flat rate deduction\u2019)\n\nCheck if your job has an agreed flat rate expense.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Vehicles you use for work\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief if you use cars, vans, motorcycles or bicycles for work.\n\nThis does not include travelling to and from your work, unless it\u2019s a temporary place of work.\n\nHow much you can claim depends on whether you\u2019re using:\n\n- a vehicle that you\u2019ve bought or leased with your own money\n\n- a vehicle owned or leased by your employer (a company vehicle)\n\n## Using your own vehicle for work\n\nIf you use your own vehicle or vehicles for work, you may be able to claim tax relief on the approved mileage rate. This covers the cost of owning and running your vehicle. You cannot claim separately for things like:\n\n- fuel\n\n- electricity\n\n- road tax\n\n- MOTs\n\n- repairs\n\nTo work out how much you can claim for each tax year you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- keep records of the dates and mileage or your work journeys\n\n- add up the mileage for each vehicle type you\u2019ve used for work\n\n- take away any amount your employer pays you towards your costs, (sometimes called a \u2018mileage allowance\u2019)\n\n## Approved mileage rates\n\n| | First 10,000 business miles in the tax year | Each business mile over 10,000 in the tax year |\n\n| Cars and vans | 45p | 25p |\n\n| Motorcycles | 24p | 24p |\n\n| Bicycles | 20p | 20p |\n\n## Using a company car for business\n\nYou can claim tax relief on the money you\u2019ve spent on fuel and electricity, for business trips in your company car. Keep records to show the actual cost of the fuel.\n\nIf your employer reimburses some of the money, you can claim relief on the difference.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Professional fees and subscriptions\n\nYou can claim tax relief on:\n\n- professional membership fees, if you must pay the fees to be able to do your job\n\n- annual subscriptions you pay to approved professional bodies or learned societies if being a member of that body or society is relevant to your job\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief on life membership subscriptions, or for professional membership fees or annual subscriptions you:\n\n- have not paid yourself (for example if your employer has paid for them)\n\n- have paid to professional organisations that are not approved by HMRC\n\nYour organisation can tell you how much tax you\u2019re allowed to claim back.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Travel and overnight expenses\n\nIf you have to travel for your work you may be able to claim tax relief on the cost or money you\u2019ve spent on food or overnight expenses.\n\nYou cannot claim for travelling to and from work, unless you\u2019re travelling to a temporary place of work.\n\nYou can claim tax relief for money you\u2019ve spent on things like:\n\n- public transport costs\n\n- hotel accommodation if you have to stay overnight\n\n- food and drink\n\n- congestion charges and tolls\n\n- parking fees\n\n- business phone calls and printing costs\n\nYou may also be able to claim tax relief on business mileage.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Buying other equipment\n\nIn most cases you can claim tax relief on the full cost of substantial equipment, for example a computer, you have to buy to do your work. This is because it qualifies for a type of capital allowance called annual investment allowance.\n\nYou cannot claim capital allowances for cars, motorcycles or bicycles you use for work, but you may be able to claim for business mileage and fuel costs.\n\nYou claim in a different way for small items that\u2019ll last less than 2 years, such as uniforms and tools.\n\nYou can only claim tax relief for equipment expenses if:\n\n- you need it to do your job\n\n- you use the equipment for work and there\u2019s no significant private use - this includes using the equipment according to your organisation\u2019s policy\n\n## If your employer gives you money for the item\n\nReduce the amount you claim tax relief on by the amount of money your employer gives you.\n\nCheck if you can claim", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-relief-for-employees", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a marketing manager in my company. I travel with my car and stay overnights in hotels as I meet more and more business clients. I spent personal money on covering accommodation fees, food and drink. I am in the process of compiling all the expenses to claim tax relief", + "original_question": "I've told I can't include parking fees. Is this correct?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1018", + "question": "Scenario: I am an employee and have completed self assessment tax returns for several years. I recently moved house to a larger property.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to tell HMRC that I have moved?\n\nDocument - Tell HMRC about a change to your personal details:\n## Change of name or address\n\nHow you contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to update your name or address depends on your situation.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to change your business records if you run a business.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou need to wait until you\u2019ve moved or changed your name before telling HMRC.\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your address\n\nTell HMRC you\u2019ve changed your address. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.\n\nThere are different ways to tell HMRC if you:\n\n- only pay tax through Self Assessment\n\n- are a tax agent, for example an accountant\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your name\n\nTell HMRC your name has changed. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well your details will be updated for both.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID you can create one when you update your name.\n\nThere are different ways to tell HMRC if you:\n\n- only pay tax through Self Assessment\n\n- are a tax agent, for example an accountant\n\nYour name will be updated automatically if you change gender.\n\n## What happens next\n\nHMRC will update your personal records for:\n\n- Income Tax and National Insurance\n\n- tax credits and benefits, including Child Benefit\n\n- services, including the Pension Service\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email to either:\n\n- confirm your change of details\n\n- ask for more information, for example legal documents for your name change\n\n## Income changes\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about changes to your taxable income.\n\nTo do this you can either:\n\n- check your Income Tax and go to \u2018Tell us about a change\u2019\n\n- call HMRC\n\nIf you do not, you could pay too much tax or get a tax bill at the end of the year.\n\n## What you must tell HMRC\n\nYour employer or pension provider tells HMRC when:\n\n- you start or finish your job\n\n- there\u2019s a change in the money you earn from your job or get from your pension\n\nBut you must tell HMRC about any other changes, for example when you start or stop getting:\n\n- income from a new source, such as money from self-employment or rent from property\n\n- taxable benefits, such as State Pension, Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance and Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- benefits from your job, such as a company car\n\n- income above your Personal Allowance\n\n- money over \u00a385,000 from self-employment (you must register for VAT over this amount)\n\n- lump sums from selling things you pay Capital Gains Tax on, such as shares or property that\u2019s not your main home\n\n- income from property, money or shares you inherit, such as dividends from shares or rent from property\n\n## If you get tax credits\n\nTell HMRC separately about changes that affect your tax credits.\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner dies\n\nTell HMRC about changes to your income after the death of your husband, wife or civil partner.\n\n## If you make Self Assessment \u2018payments on account\u2019\n\nTell HMRC if you expect a big decrease in income and you pay your Self Assessment tax bill in advance (\u2018payments on account\u2019). HMRC may decide to reduce your payments.\n\n## After you tell HMRC\n\nHMRC may:\n\n- change your tax code and send you a PAYE Coding notice\n\n- tell you to send a Self Assessment tax return so they can bill you for tax you owe\n\n- send you a refund if you paid too much tax\n\n## Relationship or family changes\n\nTell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if:\n\n- you get married or form a civil partnership\n\n- you divorce, separate or stop living with your husband, wife or partner\n\nYou can tell HMRC online if you\u2019re paid a salary or pension through PAYE. If you submit a Self Assessment tax return as well, your details will be updated for both.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- a Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have a Government Gateway user ID, you can create one when you tell HMRC online\n\n- a National Insurance number (a temporary reference number will not work).\n\nTell HMRC straight away \u2013 if you do not, you could pay too much tax, or get a tax bill at the end of the year.\n\n## If you get tax credits or Child Benefit\n\nTell HMRC separately about changes to your relationship or family if you get:\n\n- tax credits\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n## If your spouse or civil partner dies\n\nContact HMRC to report:\n\n- the death of your husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- changes to your income after their death\n\n## Gender change\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually told automatically when you change gender legally by applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate.\n\nTell your employer at the same time - they must update your payroll records and National Insurance contributions.\n\nHMRC will:\n\n- update its records with your gender and any name change\n\n- tell the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)\n\n- restrict your records so only specialist staff at HMRC and DWP can access them\n\n- hand your tax affairs to HMRC\u2019s Public Department 1\n\nOnce you get a letter confirming your records have moved, you can contact Public Department 1 with questions about your tax or National Insurance.\n\n## Tell HMRC yourself\n\nYou can write to Special Section D to tell HMRC:\n\n- about your legal gender change\n\n- about your name change only if you did not change gender legally\n\n- if you do not want them to restrict your records\n\nInclude your National Insurance number, and your original Gender Recognition Certificate if you\u2019ve changed gender legally.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-hmrc-change-of-details", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an employee and have completed self assessment tax returns for several years. I recently moved house to a larger property.", + "original_question": "Do I need to tell HMRC that I have moved?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1021", + "question": "Scenario: I own a watch that is worth \u00a360,000. The watch will only have 30 years of life left. I am looking to sell the watch.\n\nQuestion: Will I need to pay capital gains tax on this item?\n\nDocument - Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) a personal possession for \u00a36,000 or more.\n\nPossessions you may need to pay tax on include:\n\n- jewellery\n\n- paintings\n\n- antiques\n\n- coins and stamps\n\n- sets of things, eg matching vases or chessmen\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\n## When you don\u2019t pay it\n\nYou don\u2019t usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou don\u2019t pay Capital Gains Tax on:\n\n- your car - unless you\u2019ve used it for business\n\n- anything with a limited lifespan, eg clocks - unless used for business\n\n## Jointly owned possessions\n\nYou\u2019re exempt from paying tax on the first \u00a36,000 of your share if you own a possession with other people.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your personal possession and what you sold it for.\n\nUse the market value instead if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited it (and don\u2019t know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your personal possession from your gain.\n\nCosts you can deduct include:\n\n- fees, eg for valuing or advertising\n\n- costs to improve your possession (but not repairs)\n\n- VAT (unless you can reclaim it)\n\nYou can\u2019t deduct certain costs, including:\n\n- interest on a loan to buy your possession\n\n- costs you can claim as expenses, if you\u2019ve used your possession for business\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\n## If you sold it for between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000\n\nYou may be able to reduce your gain if you got between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000 for your possession when you sold or disposed of it.\n\n- Subtract \u00a36,000 from the amount you\u2019ve received.\n\n- Multiply this by 1.667.\n\n- Compare this with the actual gain - use the lower amount as your capital gain.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nWhen you know your gain, you can work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019ve used your possession for business, you can reduce or delay the tax you pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\nYou can claim losses for possessions sold for less than \u00a36,000. Work out your loss by using \u00a36,000 as the amount you sold your possession for, and report it in your tax return.\n\n## Possessions with a limited lifespan\n\nYou don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions with a lifespan of less than 50 years. This covers all machinery, and includes things like antique clocks or watches.\n\nDifferent rules apply if you\u2019ve used the possession for business. You don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax if it doesn\u2019t qualify for capital allowances. If it qualifies, you may need to pay Capital Gains Tax, but you can\u2019t claim losses.\n\n## Possessions that are part of a set\n\nIf you sell all or part of a set to the same person for less than \u00a36,000, you won\u2019t pay tax.\n\nIf you sell parts of a set to different people, you won\u2019t pay tax on each part sold for less than \u00a36,000.\n\nSets include things like chessmen, books by the same author, matching vases and sets of china.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-personal-possessions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a watch that is worth \u00a360,000. The watch will only have 30 years of life left. I am looking to sell the watch.", + "original_question": "Will I need to pay capital gains tax on this item?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1022", + "question": "Scenario: I want to sell an antique vase for \u00a3150,000. I bought the vase for \u00a320,000, and spent \u00a360,000 on repairs to the vase.\n\nQuestion: Do I pay tax on the repair expenses?\n\nDocument - Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) a personal possession for \u00a36,000 or more.\n\nPossessions you may need to pay tax on include:\n\n- jewellery\n\n- paintings\n\n- antiques\n\n- coins and stamps\n\n- sets of things, eg matching vases or chessmen\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\n## When you don\u2019t pay it\n\nYou don\u2019t usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou don\u2019t pay Capital Gains Tax on:\n\n- your car - unless you\u2019ve used it for business\n\n- anything with a limited lifespan, eg clocks - unless used for business\n\n## Jointly owned possessions\n\nYou\u2019re exempt from paying tax on the first \u00a36,000 of your share if you own a possession with other people.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your personal possession and what you sold it for.\n\nUse the market value instead if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited it (and don\u2019t know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your personal possession from your gain.\n\nCosts you can deduct include:\n\n- fees, eg for valuing or advertising\n\n- costs to improve your possession (but not repairs)\n\n- VAT (unless you can reclaim it)\n\nYou can\u2019t deduct certain costs, including:\n\n- interest on a loan to buy your possession\n\n- costs you can claim as expenses, if you\u2019ve used your possession for business\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\n## If you sold it for between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000\n\nYou may be able to reduce your gain if you got between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000 for your possession when you sold or disposed of it.\n\n- Subtract \u00a36,000 from the amount you\u2019ve received.\n\n- Multiply this by 1.667.\n\n- Compare this with the actual gain - use the lower amount as your capital gain.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nWhen you know your gain, you can work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019ve used your possession for business, you can reduce or delay the tax you pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\nYou can claim losses for possessions sold for less than \u00a36,000. Work out your loss by using \u00a36,000 as the amount you sold your possession for, and report it in your tax return.\n\n## Possessions with a limited lifespan\n\nYou don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions with a lifespan of less than 50 years. This covers all machinery, and includes things like antique clocks or watches.\n\nDifferent rules apply if you\u2019ve used the possession for business. You don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax if it doesn\u2019t qualify for capital allowances. If it qualifies, you may need to pay Capital Gains Tax, but you can\u2019t claim losses.\n\n## Possessions that are part of a set\n\nIf you sell all or part of a set to the same person for less than \u00a36,000, you won\u2019t pay tax.\n\nIf you sell parts of a set to different people, you won\u2019t pay tax on each part sold for less than \u00a36,000.\n\nSets include things like chessmen, books by the same author, matching vases and sets of china.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-personal-possessions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to sell an antique vase for \u00a3150,000. I bought the vase for \u00a320,000, and spent \u00a360,000 on repairs to the vase.", + "original_question": "Do I pay tax on the repair expenses?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1023", + "question": "Scenario: I am a sole trader buying and selling catering equipment. I purchased an industrial oven which was damaged when I received it. I disputed the value on invoice sent to me by the seller. I have received a statutory demand from the seller for this invoice.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to pay this invoice within 21 days even though I am in dispute with the seller?\n\nDocument - Make and serve a statutory demand, or challenge one:\n## When you can make a statutory demand\n\nYou can make a statutory demand to ask for payment of a debt from an individual or company.\n\nAnyone who\u2019s owed money (the \u2018creditor\u2019) can make a statutory demand. You do not need a lawyer.\n\nIf the debt\u2019s over 6 years old, you cannot usually make a statutory demand. You can get legal advice instead.\n\nThere may be faster ways of getting smaller debts paid than making a statutory demand.\n\nWhen the individual or company that owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) receives a statutory demand, they have 21 days to either:\n\n- pay the debt\n\n- reach an agreement to pay\n\nYou can apply to bankrupt your debtor or close (\u2018wind up\u2019) their company if they do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.\n\n## Statutory demand forms\n\nChoose the form you need, fill it in and deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) it to the individual or company that owes you money.\n\nYou do not need to send a separate letter.\n\n## Serve a demand on an individual (including partners in a partnership)\n\nWhich form you need depends on whether you\u2019re collecting a debt that\u2019s:\n\n- payable now\n\n- payable now following a judgment or court order\n\n- payable in the future, if you think they will not be able to pay the debt when they need to\n\nIf you\u2019re serving a demand on a business partnership, you need to download and fill in a form for each partner.\n\n## Serve a demand on a limited company\n\nUse statutory demand form SD 1.\n\n## If you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nYou must use a different form to make a statutory demand in Scotland.\n\n## How to serve a statutory demand\n\nYou must deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) the statutory demand form by:\n\n- giving it to the individual who owes you money (you should try all their known addresses)\n\n- leaving it at the registered office of the company or partnership that owes money (or the main place of business if they do not have a registered office)\n\n- giving it to the company\u2019s director, company secretary, manager or principal officer\n\n- get a \u2018process server\u2019 to serve it for you (a solicitor can arrange this)\n\nYou can only send it by registered post or put it through a letterbox if it cannot be delivered in person.\n\n## Records you must keep\n\nYou must keep a copy of the statutory demand and anything that confirms:\n\n- the time and date you served the statutory demand, for example a postage receipt or confirmation from your process server\n\n- the debtor has received the statutory demand\n\nYou\u2019ll need this information if your demand is ignored.\n\n## If your demand is ignored\n\nIf your debtor does not pay the debt or agree to your statutory demand within 21 days, you can:\n\n- start bankruptcy proceedings against any individuals who owe you \u00a35,000 or more\n\n- wind up a company that owes you \u00a3750 or more\n\nYou have 4 months to apply to bankrupt or wind up your debtor. If you\u2019re late, explain why to the court named on the statutory demand.\n\n## Serve a statutory demand abroad\n\nGet legal help if you want to serve a statutory demand in another country.\n\nYou need to serve a statutory demand according to local laws but also according to the UK rules.\n\n## Challenge a statutory demand\n\nIf you do not agree with a statutory demand you\u2019ve been given, you can apply to challenge it and get it \u2018set aside\u2019.\n\nYou can be made bankrupt or your company wound up if you ignore a statutory demand.\n\nYou must apply to the court named on your statutory demand. Contact a solicitor or your nearest county court if you\u2019re not sure where to send your application.\n\nYou cannot challenge a statutory demand if it was served on a company. You can apply to stop your creditors from winding up your company instead.\n\nAny bankruptcy petitions the creditor has already filed against you will usually be suspended until the court reaches a decision.\n\nThe court will not usually set aside a statutory demand if it was served on you following the judgment of another court unless, for example:\n\n- you think the creditor owes you the same amount as your debt, or more\n\n- the amount on the statutory demand is secured\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou must apply to challenge the statutory demand within either:\n\n- 18 days if you were in the UK when you got the statutory demand\n\n- 21 to 34 days if you were in another country when you got the statutory demand - check the table of countries for specific deadlines\n\nIf the deadline is during a weekend or on a bank holiday, you have until the next day the court is open to apply.\n\nYou might be able to get an extension in some circumstances - contact the court to find out what these are.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in form IAA.\n\nMake 3 copies of the completed form and either post them to the court named on your statutory demand or give them to the court in person.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll usually hear back from the court within 10 working days of applying.\n\nIf the court does not agree with your application, it can give the creditor permission to issue a bankruptcy petition against you.\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, your case will be passed on to a bankruptcy registrar. They\u2019ll look at your case and arrange a hearing.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nBoth sides will present their case to a registrar or judge. They\u2019ll either make a decision then, or ask you and the other party to give more evidence at another hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision at the end of the final hearing.\n\nIf you win your case, you\u2019ll get an order from the court setting aside the statutory demand. The deadline for paying the debt will be suspended.\n\nIf you lose, you\u2019ll have to pay back your debt within the 21 day time limit. The creditor can apply to bankrupt you if you do not pay in time and your debt is \u00a35,000 or more.\n\nDo not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\n## Contact the Insolvency Service\n\nUse the contact form to contact the Insolvency Service about delivering and challenging a statutory demand.\n\nYou cannot currently contact the Insolvency Service by telephone because of coronavirus (COVID-19).", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a sole trader buying and selling catering equipment. I purchased an industrial oven which was damaged when I received it. I disputed the value on invoice sent to me by the seller. I have received a statutory demand from the seller for this invoice.", + "original_question": "Do I have to pay this invoice within 21 days even though I am in dispute with the seller?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1024", + "question": "Scenario: I have a business, and am owed \u00a317,000 by a limited company in the UK for a machine I supplied to them. They have recently gone into administration due to lack of funds and state they will not be paying me.\n\nQuestion: If I issue a statutory demand for payment will it assist my case in receiving some of the money owed to me?\n\nDocument - Make and serve a statutory demand, or challenge one:\n## When you can make a statutory demand\n\nYou can make a statutory demand to ask for payment of a debt from an individual or company.\n\nAnyone who\u2019s owed money (the \u2018creditor\u2019) can make a statutory demand. You do not need a lawyer.\n\nIf the debt\u2019s over 6 years old, you cannot usually make a statutory demand. You can get legal advice instead.\n\nThere may be faster ways of getting smaller debts paid than making a statutory demand.\n\nWhen the individual or company that owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) receives a statutory demand, they have 21 days to either:\n\n- pay the debt\n\n- reach an agreement to pay\n\nYou can apply to bankrupt your debtor or close (\u2018wind up\u2019) their company if they do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.\n\n## Statutory demand forms\n\nChoose the form you need, fill it in and deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) it to the individual or company that owes you money.\n\nYou do not need to send a separate letter.\n\n## Serve a demand on an individual (including partners in a partnership)\n\nWhich form you need depends on whether you\u2019re collecting a debt that\u2019s:\n\n- payable now\n\n- payable now following a judgment or court order\n\n- payable in the future, if you think they will not be able to pay the debt when they need to\n\nIf you\u2019re serving a demand on a business partnership, you need to download and fill in a form for each partner.\n\n## Serve a demand on a limited company\n\nUse statutory demand form SD 1.\n\n## If you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nYou must use a different form to make a statutory demand in Scotland.\n\n## How to serve a statutory demand\n\nYou must deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) the statutory demand form by:\n\n- giving it to the individual who owes you money (you should try all their known addresses)\n\n- leaving it at the registered office of the company or partnership that owes money (or the main place of business if they do not have a registered office)\n\n- giving it to the company\u2019s director, company secretary, manager or principal officer\n\n- get a \u2018process server\u2019 to serve it for you (a solicitor can arrange this)\n\nYou can only send it by registered post or put it through a letterbox if it cannot be delivered in person.\n\n## Records you must keep\n\nYou must keep a copy of the statutory demand and anything that confirms:\n\n- the time and date you served the statutory demand, for example a postage receipt or confirmation from your process server\n\n- the debtor has received the statutory demand\n\nYou\u2019ll need this information if your demand is ignored.\n\n## If your demand is ignored\n\nIf your debtor does not pay the debt or agree to your statutory demand within 21 days, you can:\n\n- start bankruptcy proceedings against any individuals who owe you \u00a35,000 or more\n\n- wind up a company that owes you \u00a3750 or more\n\nYou have 4 months to apply to bankrupt or wind up your debtor. If you\u2019re late, explain why to the court named on the statutory demand.\n\n## Serve a statutory demand abroad\n\nGet legal help if you want to serve a statutory demand in another country.\n\nYou need to serve a statutory demand according to local laws but also according to the UK rules.\n\n## Challenge a statutory demand\n\nIf you do not agree with a statutory demand you\u2019ve been given, you can apply to challenge it and get it \u2018set aside\u2019.\n\nYou can be made bankrupt or your company wound up if you ignore a statutory demand.\n\nYou must apply to the court named on your statutory demand. Contact a solicitor or your nearest county court if you\u2019re not sure where to send your application.\n\nYou cannot challenge a statutory demand if it was served on a company. You can apply to stop your creditors from winding up your company instead.\n\nAny bankruptcy petitions the creditor has already filed against you will usually be suspended until the court reaches a decision.\n\nThe court will not usually set aside a statutory demand if it was served on you following the judgment of another court unless, for example:\n\n- you think the creditor owes you the same amount as your debt, or more\n\n- the amount on the statutory demand is secured\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou must apply to challenge the statutory demand within either:\n\n- 18 days if you were in the UK when you got the statutory demand\n\n- 21 to 34 days if you were in another country when you got the statutory demand - check the table of countries for specific deadlines\n\nIf the deadline is during a weekend or on a bank holiday, you have until the next day the court is open to apply.\n\nYou might be able to get an extension in some circumstances - contact the court to find out what these are.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in form IAA.\n\nMake 3 copies of the completed form and either post them to the court named on your statutory demand or give them to the court in person.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll usually hear back from the court within 10 working days of applying.\n\nIf the court does not agree with your application, it can give the creditor permission to issue a bankruptcy petition against you.\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, your case will be passed on to a bankruptcy registrar. They\u2019ll look at your case and arrange a hearing.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nBoth sides will present their case to a registrar or judge. They\u2019ll either make a decision then, or ask you and the other party to give more evidence at another hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision at the end of the final hearing.\n\nIf you win your case, you\u2019ll get an order from the court setting aside the statutory demand. The deadline for paying the debt will be suspended.\n\nIf you lose, you\u2019ll have to pay back your debt within the 21 day time limit. The creditor can apply to bankrupt you if you do not pay in time and your debt is \u00a35,000 or more.\n\nDo not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\n## Contact the Insolvency Service\n\nUse the contact form to contact the Insolvency Service about delivering and challenging a statutory demand.\n\nYou cannot currently contact the Insolvency Service by telephone because of coronavirus (COVID-19).", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a business, and am owed \u00a317,000 by a limited company in the UK for a machine I supplied to them. They have recently gone into administration due to lack of funds and state they will not be paying me.", + "original_question": "If I issue a statutory demand for payment will it assist my case in receiving some of the money owed to me?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1025", + "question": "Scenario: I am married to a woman, who I currently live with. I was born on the 7th March 1934. We have been looking at married couple's allowance.\n\nQuestion: Will we be eligible for married couple's allowance?\n\nDocument - Married Couple's Allowance:\n## Overview\n\nMarried Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.\n\nYou can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner\n\n- one of you was born before 6 April 1935\n\nFor marriages before 5 December 2005, the husband\u2019s income is used to work out Married Couple\u2019s Allowance. For marriage and civil partnerships after this date, it\u2019s the income of the highest earner.\n\nIf you and your partner were born on or after 6 April 1935, you may be able to claim Marriage Allowance instead.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nMarried Couple\u2019s Allowance could reduce your tax bill each year if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.\n\nFor the 2021 to 2022 tax year, it could cut your tax bill by between \u00a3353 and \u00a3912.50 a year.\n\nUse the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance calculator to work out what you could get.\n\nIf you marry or register a civil partnership, you\u2019ll get the allowance on a pro-rata basis for the rest of that tax year.\n\nIf one of you dies or you divorce or separate, the allowance continues until the end of the tax year.\n\nYou can transfer your Married Couple\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner.\n\nIf you and your spouse or civil partner are separated through circumstance rather than through a decision to formally separate, you can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner\n\n- one of you was born before 6 April 1935\n\nYou can still claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re unable to live with your spouse or civil partner because of:\n\n- illness or old age, for example where your spouse or partner is in residential care\n\n- working away from home\n\n- an armed forces posting\n\n- being in prison\n\n- training or education\n\nUse the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance calculator to work out what you could get.\n\n## How to claim\n\n## If you fill in a Self Assessment tax return each year\n\nClaim by completing the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance section of the tax return.\n\n## If you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return each year\n\nContact HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC) with details of your:\n\n- marriage or civil partnership ceremony\n\n- spouse or civil partner - including their date of birth\n\n## Further information\n\n## Transfer unused Married Couple\u2019s Allowance after the tax year ends\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner pays tax, you can transfer any Married Couple\u2019s Allowance that you have not used because:\n\n- you do not pay tax\n\n- your tax bill is not high enough\n\nFill in form 575 or ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to post you a copy.\n\n## Share or transfer your Married Couple\u2019s Allowance before the tax year starts\n\nYou and your spouse (or civil partner) can:\n\n- share the minimum Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\n- transfer the whole of the minimum Married Couple\u2019s Allowance from one to the other\n\nFill in form 18 before the start of the tax year. You can also contact HMRC to get a copy in the post.\n\n## Tax allowances and giving to charity\n\nIf you pay tax and give money to a UK charity using Gift Aid, contact HMRC. It can increase the tax allowances if you were born before 6 April 1938.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/married-couples-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am married to a woman, who I currently live with. I was born on the 7th March 1934. We have been looking at married couple's allowance.", + "original_question": "Will we be eligible for married couple's allowance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1027", + "question": "Scenario: Me and my neighbour share a party wall that is crumbling. I want to replace this wall with a new one.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to inform my neighbour about carrying this work out?\n\nDocument - Party walls and building work:\n## Overview\n\nYou must tell your neighbours if you want to carry out any building work near or on your shared property boundary, or \u2018party wall\u2019, in England and Wales.\n\nParty walls stand on the land of 2 or more owners and either:\n\n- form part of a building\n\n- don\u2019t form part of a building, such as a garden wall (not wooden fences)\n\nWalls on one owner\u2019s land used by other owners (2 or more) to separate their buildings are also party walls.\n\n## Party structures\n\nYou can also have a \u2018party structure\u2019. This could be a floor or other structure that separates buildings or parts of buildings with different owners, eg flats.\n\nParty wall agreements are different from planning permission or building regulations approval.\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Work you must tell your neighbour about\n\nYou must tell your neighbour if you want to:\n\n- build on or at the boundary of your 2 properties\n\n- work on an existing party wall or party structure\n\n- dig below and near to the foundation level of their property\n\nExamples of this type of work include:\n\n- building a new wall\n\n- cutting into a party wall\n\n- making a party wall taller, shorter or deeper\n\n- removing chimneys from a party wall\n\n- knocking down and rebuilding a party wall\n\nFind more details of work you need to tell your neighbour about in the party wall explanatory booklet.\n\nYour neighbours can\u2019t stop you from making changes to your property that are within the law, but they can affect how and when your works are carried out.\n\n## What you don\u2019t need to tell them about\n\nYou don\u2019t need to tell your neighbour about minor changes, eg plastering, adding or replacing electrical wiring or sockets, or drilling to put up shelves or cabinets.\n\n## When and how to tell them\n\nYou must give notice to your neighbour between 2 months and a year before you plan to start building works. Include what you plan on doing.\n\nYou can speak to your neighbour to explain the work you want to carry out, before giving notice in writing.\n\nFind letter templates and more information on giving notice in the party wall explanatory booklet.\n\nAny agreement you reach should be in writing.\n\n## Reaching an agreement with your neighbours\n\nOnce you\u2019ve given notice your neighbour can:\n\n- give consent in writing\n\n- refuse consent, which will start the dispute resolution process\n\n- serve a counter notice requesting additional works be done at the same time (they\u2019ll have to pay for these if they benefit from the works)\n\nYour neighbour must let you know in writing within 14 days if they consent to your notice, and you must do the same with any counter notice. A counter notice must be served within a month of the first notice.\n\nFind examples of counter notice letters in the party wall booklet.\n\nYour neighbours need to respond to the notice. You can\u2019t assume that no response means they agree to the works.\n\nThe dispute resolution process will also start if they don\u2019t respond to your notice within the given time.\n\n## Who pays for the work\n\nYou need to pay for any building works that you start on a party wall.\n\nYour neighbour may have to meet a share of the cost if the work needs to be done because of defects or lack of repair. They will also need to pay if they ask for additional works to be done that will benefit them.\n\nAn appointed surveyor will set out who pays what if you can\u2019t agree.\n\n## If you can't agree\n\nYou must appoint a surveyor if you and your neighbour can\u2019t agree. You can appoint a surveyor together or each appoint your own. The surveyors will then agree on a \u2018party wall award\u2019.\n\nThis is a legal document which says:\n\n- what work should happen\n\n- how and when it will be carried out\n\n- who will pay for which part and how much will be paid (including surveyor\u2019s fees)\n\nYou can\u2019t act as your own surveyor.\n\n## If your neighbour doesn\u2019t appoint a surveyor\n\nYou can appoint a surveyor on behalf of your neighbour if they refuse or fail to do so themselves.\n\n## If you don\u2019t agree with the award\n\nYou can appeal against an award at a county court within 14 days of receiving it. You need to file an appellant\u2019s notice in a county court, explaining why you\u2019re appealing.\n\n## When works begin\n\nWhen carrying out building works you must:\n\n- avoid causing unnecessary inconvenience\n\n- protect your neighbour\u2019s property from damage caused by the works, and fix or pay for any damage that is caused\n\n## Access to your neighbour\u2019s property\n\nYour neighbour must allow surveyors and workmen access to their property during usual working hours to carry out the building works. They must be given 14 days\u2019 notice except in an emergency.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/party-walls-building-works", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Me and my neighbour share a party wall that is crumbling. I want to replace this wall with a new one.", + "original_question": "Do I need to inform my neighbour about carrying this work out?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1031", + "question": "Scenario: Hello. I have just sold two old clocks that belonged to my aunt. They were quite valuable and i made a tidy sum.\n\nQuestion: Is this sale liable for Capital Gains Tax?\n\nDocument - Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) a personal possession for \u00a36,000 or more.\n\nPossessions you may need to pay tax on include:\n\n- jewellery\n\n- paintings\n\n- antiques\n\n- coins and stamps\n\n- sets of things, eg matching vases or chessmen\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\n## When you don\u2019t pay it\n\nYou don\u2019t usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou don\u2019t pay Capital Gains Tax on:\n\n- your car - unless you\u2019ve used it for business\n\n- anything with a limited lifespan, eg clocks - unless used for business\n\n## Jointly owned possessions\n\nYou\u2019re exempt from paying tax on the first \u00a36,000 of your share if you own a possession with other people.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your personal possession and what you sold it for.\n\nUse the market value instead if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited it (and don\u2019t know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your personal possession from your gain.\n\nCosts you can deduct include:\n\n- fees, eg for valuing or advertising\n\n- costs to improve your possession (but not repairs)\n\n- VAT (unless you can reclaim it)\n\nYou can\u2019t deduct certain costs, including:\n\n- interest on a loan to buy your possession\n\n- costs you can claim as expenses, if you\u2019ve used your possession for business\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\n## If you sold it for between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000\n\nYou may be able to reduce your gain if you got between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000 for your possession when you sold or disposed of it.\n\n- Subtract \u00a36,000 from the amount you\u2019ve received.\n\n- Multiply this by 1.667.\n\n- Compare this with the actual gain - use the lower amount as your capital gain.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nWhen you know your gain, you can work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019ve used your possession for business, you can reduce or delay the tax you pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\nYou can claim losses for possessions sold for less than \u00a36,000. Work out your loss by using \u00a36,000 as the amount you sold your possession for, and report it in your tax return.\n\n## Possessions with a limited lifespan\n\nYou don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions with a lifespan of less than 50 years. This covers all machinery, and includes things like antique clocks or watches.\n\nDifferent rules apply if you\u2019ve used the possession for business. You don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax if it doesn\u2019t qualify for capital allowances. If it qualifies, you may need to pay Capital Gains Tax, but you can\u2019t claim losses.\n\n## Possessions that are part of a set\n\nIf you sell all or part of a set to the same person for less than \u00a36,000, you won\u2019t pay tax.\n\nIf you sell parts of a set to different people, you won\u2019t pay tax on each part sold for less than \u00a36,000.\n\nSets include things like chessmen, books by the same author, matching vases and sets of china.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-personal-possessions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Hello. I have just sold two old clocks that belonged to my aunt. They were quite valuable and i made a tidy sum.", + "original_question": "Is this sale liable for Capital Gains Tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1033", + "question": "Scenario: The day I was supposed to file my returns to HMRC. I got very disturbing news about the passing of my grandfather . I lost focus and was deeply upset. This made me fail to return my tax bill in time.\n\nQuestion: Can this be a reasonable excuse to appeal ?\n\nDocument - Disagree with a tax decision:\n## Overview\n\nYou can contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have a query about a tax decision. If you do not understand the decision you can also get advice from HMRC or professional help.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nHMRC will send you a decision letter that will tell you if you can appeal against a tax decision.\n\nYou can appeal against some decisions about:\n\n- your tax bill (for example Self Assessment, Corporation Tax, VAT)\n\n- a claim for tax relief\n\n- a request for information or to check your business records\n\n- a penalty (for example if you paid your tax late or filed your tax return late)\n\nYour appeal can be made by someone who deals with your taxes, for example an accountant.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay your own costs if you appeal a tax decision. You may be able to delay the payment of a penalty or any tax you owe until your appeal\u2019s been resolved.\n\n## If HMRC did not act on information\n\nYou may be able to ask HMRC to cancel tax you owe if they did not act on information that you, your employer or the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) gave them.\n\nYou can do this if you owe:\n\n- Income Tax, for example because you were on the wrong tax code\n\n- Capital Gains Tax\n\n- Class 4 National Insurance contributions\n\n## Appeal against a tax decision\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to tell you if you can appeal. You can use the appeal form you got with your decision letter, or write to HMRC at the address on the letter. You usually have 30 days to appeal.\n\nIf you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any decision dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- your name or business name\n\n- your tax reference number (this will be on the decision letter)\n\n- what you disagree with and why\n\n- what you think the correct figures are and how you\u2019ve calculated them\n\n- your signature\n\nYou should also tell HMRC if you have any extra information or if you think they\u2019ve missed something.\n\nIf you do not have a letter you can write to the HMRC office related to your return.\n\nIf you want to appeal a decision about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can request a review by HMRC or appeal straight to the tax tribunal.\n\nIf customs has seized your things because you have not paid duty or VAT, you can ask for your things back.\n\n## What happens next\n\nWhen you appeal you can accept HMRC\u2019s offer of a review, or request one (if it\u2019s for direct tax). HMRC will tell you what to do next.\n\nA review will be carried out by someone who was not involved in the original decision. This usually takes 45 days, but HMRC will contact you if it will take longer.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision\n\n- consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:\n\n- your review decision is dated February 2020 or later\n\n- you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline\n\n## Appeal against a penalty\n\nYou can appeal to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a penalty, for example for:\n\n- an inaccurate return\n\n- sending in your tax return late\n\n- paying tax late\n\n- failing to keep adequate records\n\nA HMRC officer who was not previously involved with your penalty decision will carry out a review if you appeal.\n\nIf you want to appeal a penalty about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can either:\n\n- request a review from HMRC\n\n- appeal straight to the tax tribunal\n\nYour penalty may be cancelled or amended if you have a reasonable excuse.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nIf HMRC sends you a penalty letter by post, use the appeal form that comes with it or follow the instructions on the letter.\n\nFor Self Assessment, PAYE, VAT and Corporation Tax, there are extra documents you can use or alternative ways to appeal.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing a Self Assessment penalty\n\nYou can get your penalty cancelled if you did not send a tax return because you no longer needed to. Tell HMRC online you do not need to be self assessed or call the helpline.\n\nOtherwise, to appeal you\u2019ll need:\n\n- the date the penalty was issued\n\n- the date you filed your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- details of your reasonable excuse for late filing\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a \u00a3100 late filing penalty from tax year 2015 to 2016 onwards, you can appeal online or by post. You\u2019ll need to set up a Government Gateway account if you do not have one to appeal online.\n\nFor other penalties, you need to appeal by post. Send a completed form SA370 or a letter explaining your appeal to HMRC Self Assessment.\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a penalty to a partnership for a late tax return, appeal by post using form SA371. Only the nominated partner can appeal.\n\n## If you\u2019re an employer appealing a PAYE penalty\n\nYou can appeal online if you\u2019re registered for HMRC\u2019s PAYE for employers service. Once you\u2019ve logged in, select \u2018Appeal a penalty\u2019. You\u2019ll get an immediate acknowledgment when you submit your appeal.\n\n## If you filed a late VAT or Corporation Tax return\n\nYou can also use these specific forms for:\n\n- VAT if you had a reasonable excuse for filing late\n\n- Corporation Tax if you filed late because of computer problems\n\n## If you do not have an appeal form\n\nYou can send a signed letter to HMRC instead. Your letter must include:\n\n- your name\n\n- your reference number, for example your Self Assessment Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) or VAT registration number\n\n- a full explanation of why your return or payment was late, including dates\n\nIf you could not file or pay because of computer problems, you should include the date you tried to file or pay online with details of any system error message.\n\nSend your claim to the HMRC office related to your return.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou must usually appeal within 30 days of the date of the penalty notice.\n\nIf you miss this deadline you must explain the reason for the delay so that HMRC can decide if they\u2019ll consider your appeal.\n\nIf you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any penalty dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision\n\n- consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:\n\n- your review decision is dated February 2020 or later\n\n- you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline\n\n## Delay payment while appealing\n\nYou may be able to delay paying a tax bill or penalty if you disagree with the amount.\n\n## Direct tax\n\nIf you\u2019ve appealed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a direct tax decision (such as Income Tax, Corporation Tax or Capital Gains Tax) write to the HMRC office that sent you the decision, telling them:\n\n- why you think the amount you\u2019ve been asked to pay is too much\n\n- what you think the correct amount is and when you\u2019ll pay it\n\nHMRC will tell you in writing if they agree.\n\n## Penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve appealed against a penalty you will not have to pay until your appeal has been settled.\n\n## Indirect tax\n\nIf you\u2019ve asked HMRC to review an indirect tax decision, for example VAT or Insurance Premium Tax, you will not need to pay until the review has finished.\n\nIf you appeal to the tax tribunal you\u2019ll usually have to pay the tax before they will hear your appeal. You can ask to delay paying the tax if it would cause you extreme financial difficulty (for example, bankruptcy or liquidation).\n\nOnce a final decision has been reached, you must pay any money that you owe in full including interest.\n\n## Penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve asked for a review, or appealed to the tribunal about a penalty, HMRC will not ask you to pay it until your appeal has been settled.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s decision\n\nYou can ask for the decision to be reviewed if you do not agree with the outcome.\n\n## Reasonable excuses\n\nYou can appeal against some penalties if you have a reasonable excuse, for example for your return or payment being late.\n\n## What may count as a reasonable excuse\n\nA reasonable excuse is something that stopped you meeting a tax obligation that you took reasonable care to meet, for example:\n\n- your partner or another close relative died shortly before the tax return or payment deadline\n\n- you had an unexpected stay in hospital that prevented you from dealing with your tax affairs\n\n- you had a serious or life-threatening illness\n\n- your computer or software failed just before or while you were preparing your online return\n\n- service issues with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online services\n\n- a fire, flood or theft prevented you from completing your tax return\n\n- postal delays that you could not have predicted\n\n- delays related to a disability you have\n\nYou must send your return or payment as soon as possible after your reasonable excuse is resolved.\n\n## If you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nHMRC will consider coronavirus as a reasonable excuse for missing some tax obligations (such as payments or filing dates).\n\nExplain how you were affected by coronavirus in your appeal. You must still make the return or payment as soon as you can.\n\n## What will not count as a reasonable excuse\n\nThe following will not be accepted as a reasonable excuse:\n\n- you relied on someone else to send your return and they did not\n\n- your cheque bounced or payment failed because you did not have enough money\n\n- you found the HMRC online system too difficult to use\n\n- you did not get a reminder from HMRC\n\n- you made a mistake on your tax return", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "The day I was supposed to file my returns to HMRC. I got very disturbing news about the passing of my grandfather . I lost focus and was deeply upset. This made me fail to return my tax bill in time.", + "original_question": "Can this be a reasonable excuse to appeal ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1034", + "question": "Scenario: I am a good rated tax payer . I was diagnosed with neuropathy due to an advanced case of diabetes. I was hospitalized for a long time. I have no accountant in place to make my timely tax returns in my absence. I got penalized by the HMRC.\n\nQuestion: Are these reasonable grounds for appeal?\n\nDocument - Disagree with a tax decision:\n## Overview\n\nYou can contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you have a query about a tax decision. If you do not understand the decision you can also get advice from HMRC or professional help.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nHMRC will send you a decision letter that will tell you if you can appeal against a tax decision.\n\nYou can appeal against some decisions about:\n\n- your tax bill (for example Self Assessment, Corporation Tax, VAT)\n\n- a claim for tax relief\n\n- a request for information or to check your business records\n\n- a penalty (for example if you paid your tax late or filed your tax return late)\n\nYour appeal can be made by someone who deals with your taxes, for example an accountant.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay your own costs if you appeal a tax decision. You may be able to delay the payment of a penalty or any tax you owe until your appeal\u2019s been resolved.\n\n## If HMRC did not act on information\n\nYou may be able to ask HMRC to cancel tax you owe if they did not act on information that you, your employer or the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) gave them.\n\nYou can do this if you owe:\n\n- Income Tax, for example because you were on the wrong tax code\n\n- Capital Gains Tax\n\n- Class 4 National Insurance contributions\n\n## Appeal against a tax decision\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will write to tell you if you can appeal. You can use the appeal form you got with your decision letter, or write to HMRC at the address on the letter. You usually have 30 days to appeal.\n\nIf you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any decision dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- your name or business name\n\n- your tax reference number (this will be on the decision letter)\n\n- what you disagree with and why\n\n- what you think the correct figures are and how you\u2019ve calculated them\n\n- your signature\n\nYou should also tell HMRC if you have any extra information or if you think they\u2019ve missed something.\n\nIf you do not have a letter you can write to the HMRC office related to your return.\n\nIf you want to appeal a decision about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can request a review by HMRC or appeal straight to the tax tribunal.\n\nIf customs has seized your things because you have not paid duty or VAT, you can ask for your things back.\n\n## What happens next\n\nWhen you appeal you can accept HMRC\u2019s offer of a review, or request one (if it\u2019s for direct tax). HMRC will tell you what to do next.\n\nA review will be carried out by someone who was not involved in the original decision. This usually takes 45 days, but HMRC will contact you if it will take longer.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision\n\n- consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:\n\n- your review decision is dated February 2020 or later\n\n- you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline\n\n## Appeal against a penalty\n\nYou can appeal to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a penalty, for example for:\n\n- an inaccurate return\n\n- sending in your tax return late\n\n- paying tax late\n\n- failing to keep adequate records\n\nA HMRC officer who was not previously involved with your penalty decision will carry out a review if you appeal.\n\nIf you want to appeal a penalty about \u2018indirect tax\u2019 (for example VAT, excise duty, customs duty) you can either:\n\n- request a review from HMRC\n\n- appeal straight to the tax tribunal\n\nYour penalty may be cancelled or amended if you have a reasonable excuse.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nIf HMRC sends you a penalty letter by post, use the appeal form that comes with it or follow the instructions on the letter.\n\nFor Self Assessment, PAYE, VAT and Corporation Tax, there are extra documents you can use or alternative ways to appeal.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing a Self Assessment penalty\n\nYou can get your penalty cancelled if you did not send a tax return because you no longer needed to. Tell HMRC online you do not need to be self assessed or call the helpline.\n\nOtherwise, to appeal you\u2019ll need:\n\n- the date the penalty was issued\n\n- the date you filed your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- details of your reasonable excuse for late filing\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a \u00a3100 late filing penalty from tax year 2015 to 2016 onwards, you can appeal online or by post. You\u2019ll need to set up a Government Gateway account if you do not have one to appeal online.\n\nFor other penalties, you need to appeal by post. Send a completed form SA370 or a letter explaining your appeal to HMRC Self Assessment.\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing a penalty to a partnership for a late tax return, appeal by post using form SA371. Only the nominated partner can appeal.\n\n## If you\u2019re an employer appealing a PAYE penalty\n\nYou can appeal online if you\u2019re registered for HMRC\u2019s PAYE for employers service. Once you\u2019ve logged in, select \u2018Appeal a penalty\u2019. You\u2019ll get an immediate acknowledgment when you submit your appeal.\n\n## If you filed a late VAT or Corporation Tax return\n\nYou can also use these specific forms for:\n\n- VAT if you had a reasonable excuse for filing late\n\n- Corporation Tax if you filed late because of computer problems\n\n## If you do not have an appeal form\n\nYou can send a signed letter to HMRC instead. Your letter must include:\n\n- your name\n\n- your reference number, for example your Self Assessment Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) or VAT registration number\n\n- a full explanation of why your return or payment was late, including dates\n\nIf you could not file or pay because of computer problems, you should include the date you tried to file or pay online with details of any system error message.\n\nSend your claim to the HMRC office related to your return.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou must usually appeal within 30 days of the date of the penalty notice.\n\nIf you miss this deadline you must explain the reason for the delay so that HMRC can decide if they\u2019ll consider your appeal.\n\nIf you or your business have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19), HMRC will give you an extra 3 months to appeal any penalty dated February 2020 or later. Send your appeal as soon as you can, and explain the delay is because of coronavirus.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s review\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask the tax tribunal to hear your appeal - you must usually do this within 30 days of the review decision\n\n- consider alternative dispute resolution (ADR)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, HMRC will not object if you ask the tribunal to hear your appeal after 30 days, if both:\n\n- your review decision is dated February 2020 or later\n\n- you ask within 3 months of the normal deadline\n\n## Delay payment while appealing\n\nYou may be able to delay paying a tax bill or penalty if you disagree with the amount.\n\n## Direct tax\n\nIf you\u2019ve appealed to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) against a direct tax decision (such as Income Tax, Corporation Tax or Capital Gains Tax) write to the HMRC office that sent you the decision, telling them:\n\n- why you think the amount you\u2019ve been asked to pay is too much\n\n- what you think the correct amount is and when you\u2019ll pay it\n\nHMRC will tell you in writing if they agree.\n\n## Penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve appealed against a penalty you will not have to pay until your appeal has been settled.\n\n## Indirect tax\n\nIf you\u2019ve asked HMRC to review an indirect tax decision, for example VAT or Insurance Premium Tax, you will not need to pay until the review has finished.\n\nIf you appeal to the tax tribunal you\u2019ll usually have to pay the tax before they will hear your appeal. You can ask to delay paying the tax if it would cause you extreme financial difficulty (for example, bankruptcy or liquidation).\n\nOnce a final decision has been reached, you must pay any money that you owe in full including interest.\n\n## Penalty\n\nIf you\u2019ve asked for a review, or appealed to the tribunal about a penalty, HMRC will not ask you to pay it until your appeal has been settled.\n\n## If you disagree with HMRC\u2019s decision\n\nYou can ask for the decision to be reviewed if you do not agree with the outcome.\n\n## Reasonable excuses\n\nYou can appeal against some penalties if you have a reasonable excuse, for example for your return or payment being late.\n\n## What may count as a reasonable excuse\n\nA reasonable excuse is something that stopped you meeting a tax obligation that you took reasonable care to meet, for example:\n\n- your partner or another close relative died shortly before the tax return or payment deadline\n\n- you had an unexpected stay in hospital that prevented you from dealing with your tax affairs\n\n- you had a serious or life-threatening illness\n\n- your computer or software failed just before or while you were preparing your online return\n\n- service issues with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online services\n\n- a fire, flood or theft prevented you from completing your tax return\n\n- postal delays that you could not have predicted\n\n- delays related to a disability you have\n\nYou must send your return or payment as soon as possible after your reasonable excuse is resolved.\n\n## If you\u2019re affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nHMRC will consider coronavirus as a reasonable excuse for missing some tax obligations (such as payments or filing dates).\n\nExplain how you were affected by coronavirus in your appeal. You must still make the return or payment as soon as you can.\n\n## What will not count as a reasonable excuse\n\nThe following will not be accepted as a reasonable excuse:\n\n- you relied on someone else to send your return and they did not\n\n- your cheque bounced or payment failed because you did not have enough money\n\n- you found the HMRC online system too difficult to use\n\n- you did not get a reminder from HMRC\n\n- you made a mistake on your tax return", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-appeals", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a good rated tax payer . I was diagnosed with neuropathy due to an advanced case of diabetes. I was hospitalized for a long time. I have no accountant in place to make my timely tax returns in my absence. I got penalized by the HMRC.", + "original_question": "Are these reasonable grounds for appeal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1035", + "question": "Scenario: My neighbour and I share a wall between our property. It is damaged and needs repairs. I am planning to tell my neighour on possible plans to repair and give it a new look.\n\nQuestion: Do i need to give him a written notice before building it?\n\nDocument - Party walls and building work:\n## Overview\n\nYou must tell your neighbours if you want to carry out any building work near or on your shared property boundary, or \u2018party wall\u2019, in England and Wales.\n\nParty walls stand on the land of 2 or more owners and either:\n\n- form part of a building\n\n- don\u2019t form part of a building, such as a garden wall (not wooden fences)\n\nWalls on one owner\u2019s land used by other owners (2 or more) to separate their buildings are also party walls.\n\n## Party structures\n\nYou can also have a \u2018party structure\u2019. This could be a floor or other structure that separates buildings or parts of buildings with different owners, eg flats.\n\nParty wall agreements are different from planning permission or building regulations approval.\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Work you must tell your neighbour about\n\nYou must tell your neighbour if you want to:\n\n- build on or at the boundary of your 2 properties\n\n- work on an existing party wall or party structure\n\n- dig below and near to the foundation level of their property\n\nExamples of this type of work include:\n\n- building a new wall\n\n- cutting into a party wall\n\n- making a party wall taller, shorter or deeper\n\n- removing chimneys from a party wall\n\n- knocking down and rebuilding a party wall\n\nFind more details of work you need to tell your neighbour about in the party wall explanatory booklet.\n\nYour neighbours can\u2019t stop you from making changes to your property that are within the law, but they can affect how and when your works are carried out.\n\n## What you don\u2019t need to tell them about\n\nYou don\u2019t need to tell your neighbour about minor changes, eg plastering, adding or replacing electrical wiring or sockets, or drilling to put up shelves or cabinets.\n\n## When and how to tell them\n\nYou must give notice to your neighbour between 2 months and a year before you plan to start building works. Include what you plan on doing.\n\nYou can speak to your neighbour to explain the work you want to carry out, before giving notice in writing.\n\nFind letter templates and more information on giving notice in the party wall explanatory booklet.\n\nAny agreement you reach should be in writing.\n\n## Reaching an agreement with your neighbours\n\nOnce you\u2019ve given notice your neighbour can:\n\n- give consent in writing\n\n- refuse consent, which will start the dispute resolution process\n\n- serve a counter notice requesting additional works be done at the same time (they\u2019ll have to pay for these if they benefit from the works)\n\nYour neighbour must let you know in writing within 14 days if they consent to your notice, and you must do the same with any counter notice. A counter notice must be served within a month of the first notice.\n\nFind examples of counter notice letters in the party wall booklet.\n\nYour neighbours need to respond to the notice. You can\u2019t assume that no response means they agree to the works.\n\nThe dispute resolution process will also start if they don\u2019t respond to your notice within the given time.\n\n## Who pays for the work\n\nYou need to pay for any building works that you start on a party wall.\n\nYour neighbour may have to meet a share of the cost if the work needs to be done because of defects or lack of repair. They will also need to pay if they ask for additional works to be done that will benefit them.\n\nAn appointed surveyor will set out who pays what if you can\u2019t agree.\n\n## If you can't agree\n\nYou must appoint a surveyor if you and your neighbour can\u2019t agree. You can appoint a surveyor together or each appoint your own. The surveyors will then agree on a \u2018party wall award\u2019.\n\nThis is a legal document which says:\n\n- what work should happen\n\n- how and when it will be carried out\n\n- who will pay for which part and how much will be paid (including surveyor\u2019s fees)\n\nYou can\u2019t act as your own surveyor.\n\n## If your neighbour doesn\u2019t appoint a surveyor\n\nYou can appoint a surveyor on behalf of your neighbour if they refuse or fail to do so themselves.\n\n## If you don\u2019t agree with the award\n\nYou can appeal against an award at a county court within 14 days of receiving it. You need to file an appellant\u2019s notice in a county court, explaining why you\u2019re appealing.\n\n## When works begin\n\nWhen carrying out building works you must:\n\n- avoid causing unnecessary inconvenience\n\n- protect your neighbour\u2019s property from damage caused by the works, and fix or pay for any damage that is caused\n\n## Access to your neighbour\u2019s property\n\nYour neighbour must allow surveyors and workmen access to their property during usual working hours to carry out the building works. They must be given 14 days\u2019 notice except in an emergency.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/party-walls-building-works", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My neighbour and I share a wall between our property. It is damaged and needs repairs. I am planning to tell my neighour on possible plans to repair and give it a new look.", + "original_question": "Do i need to give him a written notice before building it?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1036", + "question": "Scenario: Mary has made an agreement with her neighbour to repair a garden wall. They both consented. During the repairs , the neighbour has damaged Mary's gate and the garden shed.\n\nQuestion: Should mary ask the neigbour to pay or repair the damages ?\n\nDocument - Party walls and building work:\n## Overview\n\nYou must tell your neighbours if you want to carry out any building work near or on your shared property boundary, or \u2018party wall\u2019, in England and Wales.\n\nParty walls stand on the land of 2 or more owners and either:\n\n- form part of a building\n\n- don\u2019t form part of a building, such as a garden wall (not wooden fences)\n\nWalls on one owner\u2019s land used by other owners (2 or more) to separate their buildings are also party walls.\n\n## Party structures\n\nYou can also have a \u2018party structure\u2019. This could be a floor or other structure that separates buildings or parts of buildings with different owners, eg flats.\n\nParty wall agreements are different from planning permission or building regulations approval.\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Work you must tell your neighbour about\n\nYou must tell your neighbour if you want to:\n\n- build on or at the boundary of your 2 properties\n\n- work on an existing party wall or party structure\n\n- dig below and near to the foundation level of their property\n\nExamples of this type of work include:\n\n- building a new wall\n\n- cutting into a party wall\n\n- making a party wall taller, shorter or deeper\n\n- removing chimneys from a party wall\n\n- knocking down and rebuilding a party wall\n\nFind more details of work you need to tell your neighbour about in the party wall explanatory booklet.\n\nYour neighbours can\u2019t stop you from making changes to your property that are within the law, but they can affect how and when your works are carried out.\n\n## What you don\u2019t need to tell them about\n\nYou don\u2019t need to tell your neighbour about minor changes, eg plastering, adding or replacing electrical wiring or sockets, or drilling to put up shelves or cabinets.\n\n## When and how to tell them\n\nYou must give notice to your neighbour between 2 months and a year before you plan to start building works. Include what you plan on doing.\n\nYou can speak to your neighbour to explain the work you want to carry out, before giving notice in writing.\n\nFind letter templates and more information on giving notice in the party wall explanatory booklet.\n\nAny agreement you reach should be in writing.\n\n## Reaching an agreement with your neighbours\n\nOnce you\u2019ve given notice your neighbour can:\n\n- give consent in writing\n\n- refuse consent, which will start the dispute resolution process\n\n- serve a counter notice requesting additional works be done at the same time (they\u2019ll have to pay for these if they benefit from the works)\n\nYour neighbour must let you know in writing within 14 days if they consent to your notice, and you must do the same with any counter notice. A counter notice must be served within a month of the first notice.\n\nFind examples of counter notice letters in the party wall booklet.\n\nYour neighbours need to respond to the notice. You can\u2019t assume that no response means they agree to the works.\n\nThe dispute resolution process will also start if they don\u2019t respond to your notice within the given time.\n\n## Who pays for the work\n\nYou need to pay for any building works that you start on a party wall.\n\nYour neighbour may have to meet a share of the cost if the work needs to be done because of defects or lack of repair. They will also need to pay if they ask for additional works to be done that will benefit them.\n\nAn appointed surveyor will set out who pays what if you can\u2019t agree.\n\n## If you can't agree\n\nYou must appoint a surveyor if you and your neighbour can\u2019t agree. You can appoint a surveyor together or each appoint your own. The surveyors will then agree on a \u2018party wall award\u2019.\n\nThis is a legal document which says:\n\n- what work should happen\n\n- how and when it will be carried out\n\n- who will pay for which part and how much will be paid (including surveyor\u2019s fees)\n\nYou can\u2019t act as your own surveyor.\n\n## If your neighbour doesn\u2019t appoint a surveyor\n\nYou can appoint a surveyor on behalf of your neighbour if they refuse or fail to do so themselves.\n\n## If you don\u2019t agree with the award\n\nYou can appeal against an award at a county court within 14 days of receiving it. You need to file an appellant\u2019s notice in a county court, explaining why you\u2019re appealing.\n\n## When works begin\n\nWhen carrying out building works you must:\n\n- avoid causing unnecessary inconvenience\n\n- protect your neighbour\u2019s property from damage caused by the works, and fix or pay for any damage that is caused\n\n## Access to your neighbour\u2019s property\n\nYour neighbour must allow surveyors and workmen access to their property during usual working hours to carry out the building works. They must be given 14 days\u2019 notice except in an emergency.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/party-walls-building-works", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Mary has made an agreement with her neighbour to repair a garden wall. They both consented. During the repairs , the neighbour has damaged Mary's gate and the garden shed.", + "original_question": "Should mary ask the neigbour to pay or repair the damages ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1039", + "question": "Scenario: My Uncle owns a restaurant and the covid pandemic has affected the business a lot and led to loss of business. He has been left with \u00a320000 unpaid debt.He has no spare income or own home.\n\nQuestion: Can he apply for a debt relief order?\n\nDocument - Options for paying off your debts:\n## Overview\n\nIf you owe people money (your \u2018creditors\u2019) you can make arrangements to pay your debts. Your options depend on the amount of money and assets you have.\n\n## Where you can get help\n\nSpeak to a debt adviser to get help choosing the best way to deal with your debt.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information about debt management and free debt advisory services.\n\n## Paying off your debts\n\nYou can pay your debts in instalments by setting up:\n\n- a Debt Management Plan which is an agreement with your creditors managed by a financial company\n\n- an Administration Order when you\u2019ve had a county court judgment (CCJ) or a High Court judgment (HCJ) against you for debts under \u00a35,000\n\n- an Individual Voluntary Arrangement which is managed by an insolvency practitioner\n\nYou can also get temporary protection from your creditors through the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, while still making repayments. You\u2019ll need to apply through a debt advisor.\n\nIn Scotland you can arrange a Debt Payment Programme from the Debt Arrangement Scheme.\n\nYou may also have the option of reaching an informal agreement with your creditors.\n\n## If you cannot pay off your debt\n\nYou can apply for a Debt Relief Order or Bankruptcy Order if you cannot pay your debts because you do not have enough money or assets you can sell.\n\nIf you cannot pay off your debts, you can be made bankrupt.\n\n## Breathing Space (Debt Respite Scheme)\n\nIf you live in England or Wales, you can get temporary protection from your creditors while you get debt advice and make a plan. This scheme is called \u2018Breathing Space\u2019.\n\nYou can get temporary protection for up to 60 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to make your debt repayments.\n\nIf you get it:\n\n- enforcement action cannot be taken against you\n\n- your creditors cannot contact you about debts included in your Breathing Space\n\n- your creditors cannot add interest or charges to your debt\n\nIf you\u2019re getting mental health crisis treatment, your protection from creditors will be longer. It will last for the length of your treatment, plus another 30 days.\n\n## How to apply for the Breathing Space scheme\n\nTo apply for the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, you need to talk to a debt adviser. They will submit an application on your behalf if it\u2019s the right thing to do.\n\nYou can find a free debt adviser on the Money Advice Service website. You can get confidential advice online, over the phone or in person.\n\nIf you\u2019re receiving mental health treatment and cannot speak to a debt adviser, someone else can do so on your behalf.\n\n## Costs\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply for \u2018Breathing Space\u2019, but some debt advisers may charge you a fee.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- not have a debt relief order (DRO), an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA), an interim order, or be an undischarged bankrupt at the time you apply\n\n- not already be using the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme\n\n- not have used the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme in the last 12 months, unless it was for a mental health crisis\n\n## Debt Management Plans\n\nA Debt Management Plan is an agreement between you and your creditors to pay all of your debts.\n\nDebt management plans are usually used when either:\n\n- you can only afford to pay creditors a small amount each month\n\n- you have debt problems but will be able to make repayments in a few months\n\nYou can arrange a plan with your creditors yourself or through a licensed debt management company for a fee. If you arrange this with a company:\n\n- you make regular payments to the company\n\n- the company shares the money out between your creditors\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether a Debt Management Plan is right for you.\n\n## Get a Debt Management Plan\n\n- Set up a plan with a debt management company authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). Search the Financial Services Register for an authorised company.\n\n- The company works out your monthly payments. You\u2019ll have to give details about your financial situation, for example your assets, debts, income and creditors.\n\n- The company contacts your creditors and asks them to agree to the plan (they do not have to).\n\nUnless stated in the agreement, your creditors can still:\n\n- ask you to pay your full debt at a later date\n\n- take action to recover their money even if you keep up your payments\n\n## Costs\n\nSome companies will charge:\n\n- a set up fee\n\n- a handling fee each time you make a payment\n\nMake sure you understand the costs of your plan and how you pay for it.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nDebt Management Plans can only be used to pay \u2018unsecured\u2019 debts, for example debts that have not been guaranteed against your property.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour plan can be cancelled if you do not keep up your repayments.\n\n## Administration orders\n\nAn administration order is a way to deal with debt if you have a county court or High Court judgment against you and you cannot pay in full.\n\nThe debt must be less than \u00a35,000.\n\nYou make 1 payment a month to your local court. The court will divide this money between your creditors.\n\nCreditors listed on the administration order cannot take any further action against you without the court\u2019s permission.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether an administration order is right for you.\n\n## Get an administration order\n\nFill in an application for an administration order (form N92) and return it to your local court.\n\nThe court decides:\n\n- how much of your debt you have to repay, for example all or just part of it\n\n- how much your monthly repayments will be\n\n- how long the arrangement lasts\n\nThe arrangement is known as a \u2018composition order\u2019 if you cannot pay all your debts.\n\n## Costs\n\nThere\u2019s a court fee each time you make a payment. This cannot be more than 10% of your debt.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- owe less than \u00a35,000, including any interest and charges\n\n- owe money to at least 2 creditors\n\n- prove you can afford regular repayments, for example by giving details of your income\n\n- have a county court or High Court judgment against you, which you cannot pay in full\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must keep up your repayments or the court can:\n\n- ask your employer take money from your wages \u2013 known as an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019\n\n- cancel the arrangement\n\nYou may still be able to keep your business running, if you have one.\n\n## Public records\n\nYour administration order is added to the Register of Judgments, Orders and Fines.\n\nIt\u2019s usually removed 6 years after the date the order was made.\n\nYour entry is marked as \u2018satisfied\u2019 if you repay your debts in full.\n\nYou can also ask the court for a \u2018certificate of satisfaction\u2019. To do this, write to the court and send a cheque for \u00a315 (made payable to Her Majesty\u2019s Courts and Tribunal Service).\n\n## Individual Voluntary Arrangements\n\nAn Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA) is an agreement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts. You agree to make regular payments to an insolvency practitioner, who will divide this money between your creditors.\n\nAn IVA can give you more control of your assets than bankruptcy.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether an IVA is right for you.\n\n## Get an Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA)\n\nUse an insolvency practitioner to get an IVA.\n\nYour insolvency practitioner works out what you can afford to repay and how long the IVA lasts. You\u2019ll have to give details about your financial situation, for example your assets, debts, income and creditors.\n\nYour insolvency practitioner will contact your creditors. The IVA will start if the creditors holding 75% of your debts agree to it. It will apply to all your creditors, including any who disagreed to it.\n\nAn IVA will stop your creditors taking action against you for your debts.\n\n## Costs\n\nThere are usually 2 fees:\n\n- a set up fee\n\n- a handling fee each time you make a payment\n\nMake sure you know how much it\u2019s going to cost before asking an insolvency practitioner to act for you.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour IVA can be cancelled by the insolvency practitioner if you do not keep up your repayments. The insolvency practitioner can make you bankrupt.\n\nYou may still be able to keep your business running, if you have one.\n\n## Public records\n\nYour IVA will be added to the Individual Insolvency Register. It\u2019s removed 3 months after the IVA ends.\n\n## Debt Relief Orders\n\nDebt Relief Orders (DROs) are one way to deal with your debts if you owe less than \u00a320,000, do not have much spare income and do not own your home.\n\nIf you get one:\n\n- your creditors cannot recover their money without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- you\u2019re usually freed (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your debts after 12 months\n\n## Get a Debt Relief Order\n\nYou get a DRO from the official receiver, an officer of the bankruptcy court, but you must apply through an authorised debt adviser. They\u2019ll help you fill in the paperwork.\n\nThere\u2019s a list of organisations that can help you find an authorised debt adviser in the guide to DROs.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information about where to get free debt advice.\n\n## Costs\n\nThe official receiver\u2019s fee is \u00a390. Your debt adviser can tell you how and when to pay it. In some cases a charity may be able to help you with the cost - ask your debt adviser.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019re generally eligible if you meet all of these criteria:\n\n- you owe less than \u00a320,000\n\n- you\u2019ve less than \u00a350 a month spare income\n\n- you\u2019ve less than \u00a31,000 worth of assets\n\n- you\u2019ve lived or worked in England and Wales within the last 3 years\n\n- you have not applied for a DRO within the last 6 years\n\n## Restrictions\n\nYou must follow rules called \u2018restrictions\u2019 if you get a DRO.\n\nThis means you cannot:\n\n- borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender about your DRO\n\n- act as the director of a company\n\n- create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- manage a business without telling those you do business with about your DRO\n\nIf you want to open a bank account, you may also have to tell the bank or building society about your DRO.\n\nCheck the Individual Insolvency Register to see when the restrictions end.\n\nThe restrictions usually last 12 months. They can be extended if careless or dishonest behaviour caused your debt problem. For example, you lied to get credit.\n\nThe official receiver will tell you if they should be extended. To extend them, you\u2019ll be asked to agree to a \u2018Debt Relief Restrictions Undertaking\u2019. The court can issue a \u2018Debt Relief Restrictions Order\u2019 if you do not agree.\n\n## What you need to know\n\nWhile you have a DRO you still have to pay:\n\n- your rent and bills\n\n- certain debts, for example student loans, court fines\n\nDROs can be cancelled if:\n\n- your finances improve\n\n- you do not co-operate with the official receiver - for example you do not give them the information they ask for\n\nIf you get new debt after your DRO is approved you could:\n\n- get a bankruptcy order\n\n- be prosecuted if you do not tell new creditors about your DRO\n\nYour DRO is added to the Individual Insolvency Register - it\u2019s removed 3 months after the DRO ends.\n\nYour DRO will stay on your credit record for 6 years.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Uncle owns a restaurant and the covid pandemic has affected the business a lot and led to loss of business. He has been left with \u00a320000 unpaid debt.He has no spare income or own home.", + "original_question": "Can he apply for a debt relief order?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1040", + "question": "Scenario: I am a UK business trader and have been running my business at a loss since the covid restrictions were imposed. My business is on the verge of collapsing and I have made most of my employees redundant. Creditors have been making endless calls. I have never applied for any breathing space.\n\nQuestion: Can i apply and get a breathing space?\n\nDocument - Options for paying off your debts:\n## Overview\n\nIf you owe people money (your \u2018creditors\u2019) you can make arrangements to pay your debts. Your options depend on the amount of money and assets you have.\n\n## Where you can get help\n\nSpeak to a debt adviser to get help choosing the best way to deal with your debt.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information about debt management and free debt advisory services.\n\n## Paying off your debts\n\nYou can pay your debts in instalments by setting up:\n\n- a Debt Management Plan which is an agreement with your creditors managed by a financial company\n\n- an Administration Order when you\u2019ve had a county court judgment (CCJ) or a High Court judgment (HCJ) against you for debts under \u00a35,000\n\n- an Individual Voluntary Arrangement which is managed by an insolvency practitioner\n\nYou can also get temporary protection from your creditors through the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, while still making repayments. You\u2019ll need to apply through a debt advisor.\n\nIn Scotland you can arrange a Debt Payment Programme from the Debt Arrangement Scheme.\n\nYou may also have the option of reaching an informal agreement with your creditors.\n\n## If you cannot pay off your debt\n\nYou can apply for a Debt Relief Order or Bankruptcy Order if you cannot pay your debts because you do not have enough money or assets you can sell.\n\nIf you cannot pay off your debts, you can be made bankrupt.\n\n## Breathing Space (Debt Respite Scheme)\n\nIf you live in England or Wales, you can get temporary protection from your creditors while you get debt advice and make a plan. This scheme is called \u2018Breathing Space\u2019.\n\nYou can get temporary protection for up to 60 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to make your debt repayments.\n\nIf you get it:\n\n- enforcement action cannot be taken against you\n\n- your creditors cannot contact you about debts included in your Breathing Space\n\n- your creditors cannot add interest or charges to your debt\n\nIf you\u2019re getting mental health crisis treatment, your protection from creditors will be longer. It will last for the length of your treatment, plus another 30 days.\n\n## How to apply for the Breathing Space scheme\n\nTo apply for the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, you need to talk to a debt adviser. They will submit an application on your behalf if it\u2019s the right thing to do.\n\nYou can find a free debt adviser on the Money Advice Service website. You can get confidential advice online, over the phone or in person.\n\nIf you\u2019re receiving mental health treatment and cannot speak to a debt adviser, someone else can do so on your behalf.\n\n## Costs\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply for \u2018Breathing Space\u2019, but some debt advisers may charge you a fee.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- not have a debt relief order (DRO), an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA), an interim order, or be an undischarged bankrupt at the time you apply\n\n- not already be using the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme\n\n- not have used the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme in the last 12 months, unless it was for a mental health crisis\n\n## Debt Management Plans\n\nA Debt Management Plan is an agreement between you and your creditors to pay all of your debts.\n\nDebt management plans are usually used when either:\n\n- you can only afford to pay creditors a small amount each month\n\n- you have debt problems but will be able to make repayments in a few months\n\nYou can arrange a plan with your creditors yourself or through a licensed debt management company for a fee. If you arrange this with a company:\n\n- you make regular payments to the company\n\n- the company shares the money out between your creditors\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether a Debt Management Plan is right for you.\n\n## Get a Debt Management Plan\n\n- Set up a plan with a debt management company authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). Search the Financial Services Register for an authorised company.\n\n- The company works out your monthly payments. You\u2019ll have to give details about your financial situation, for example your assets, debts, income and creditors.\n\n- The company contacts your creditors and asks them to agree to the plan (they do not have to).\n\nUnless stated in the agreement, your creditors can still:\n\n- ask you to pay your full debt at a later date\n\n- take action to recover their money even if you keep up your payments\n\n## Costs\n\nSome companies will charge:\n\n- a set up fee\n\n- a handling fee each time you make a payment\n\nMake sure you understand the costs of your plan and how you pay for it.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nDebt Management Plans can only be used to pay \u2018unsecured\u2019 debts, for example debts that have not been guaranteed against your property.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour plan can be cancelled if you do not keep up your repayments.\n\n## Administration orders\n\nAn administration order is a way to deal with debt if you have a county court or High Court judgment against you and you cannot pay in full.\n\nThe debt must be less than \u00a35,000.\n\nYou make 1 payment a month to your local court. The court will divide this money between your creditors.\n\nCreditors listed on the administration order cannot take any further action against you without the court\u2019s permission.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether an administration order is right for you.\n\n## Get an administration order\n\nFill in an application for an administration order (form N92) and return it to your local court.\n\nThe court decides:\n\n- how much of your debt you have to repay, for example all or just part of it\n\n- how much your monthly repayments will be\n\n- how long the arrangement lasts\n\nThe arrangement is known as a \u2018composition order\u2019 if you cannot pay all your debts.\n\n## Costs\n\nThere\u2019s a court fee each time you make a payment. This cannot be more than 10% of your debt.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- owe less than \u00a35,000, including any interest and charges\n\n- owe money to at least 2 creditors\n\n- prove you can afford regular repayments, for example by giving details of your income\n\n- have a county court or High Court judgment against you, which you cannot pay in full\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must keep up your repayments or the court can:\n\n- ask your employer take money from your wages \u2013 known as an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019\n\n- cancel the arrangement\n\nYou may still be able to keep your business running, if you have one.\n\n## Public records\n\nYour administration order is added to the Register of Judgments, Orders and Fines.\n\nIt\u2019s usually removed 6 years after the date the order was made.\n\nYour entry is marked as \u2018satisfied\u2019 if you repay your debts in full.\n\nYou can also ask the court for a \u2018certificate of satisfaction\u2019. To do this, write to the court and send a cheque for \u00a315 (made payable to Her Majesty\u2019s Courts and Tribunal Service).\n\n## Individual Voluntary Arrangements\n\nAn Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA) is an agreement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts. You agree to make regular payments to an insolvency practitioner, who will divide this money between your creditors.\n\nAn IVA can give you more control of your assets than bankruptcy.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether an IVA is right for you.\n\n## Get an Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA)\n\nUse an insolvency practitioner to get an IVA.\n\nYour insolvency practitioner works out what you can afford to repay and how long the IVA lasts. You\u2019ll have to give details about your financial situation, for example your assets, debts, income and creditors.\n\nYour insolvency practitioner will contact your creditors. The IVA will start if the creditors holding 75% of your debts agree to it. It will apply to all your creditors, including any who disagreed to it.\n\nAn IVA will stop your creditors taking action against you for your debts.\n\n## Costs\n\nThere are usually 2 fees:\n\n- a set up fee\n\n- a handling fee each time you make a payment\n\nMake sure you know how much it\u2019s going to cost before asking an insolvency practitioner to act for you.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour IVA can be cancelled by the insolvency practitioner if you do not keep up your repayments. The insolvency practitioner can make you bankrupt.\n\nYou may still be able to keep your business running, if you have one.\n\n## Public records\n\nYour IVA will be added to the Individual Insolvency Register. It\u2019s removed 3 months after the IVA ends.\n\n## Debt Relief Orders\n\nDebt Relief Orders (DROs) are one way to deal with your debts if you owe less than \u00a320,000, do not have much spare income and do not own your home.\n\nIf you get one:\n\n- your creditors cannot recover their money without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- you\u2019re usually freed (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your debts after 12 months\n\n## Get a Debt Relief Order\n\nYou get a DRO from the official receiver, an officer of the bankruptcy court, but you must apply through an authorised debt adviser. They\u2019ll help you fill in the paperwork.\n\nThere\u2019s a list of organisations that can help you find an authorised debt adviser in the guide to DROs.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information about where to get free debt advice.\n\n## Costs\n\nThe official receiver\u2019s fee is \u00a390. Your debt adviser can tell you how and when to pay it. In some cases a charity may be able to help you with the cost - ask your debt adviser.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019re generally eligible if you meet all of these criteria:\n\n- you owe less than \u00a320,000\n\n- you\u2019ve less than \u00a350 a month spare income\n\n- you\u2019ve less than \u00a31,000 worth of assets\n\n- you\u2019ve lived or worked in England and Wales within the last 3 years\n\n- you have not applied for a DRO within the last 6 years\n\n## Restrictions\n\nYou must follow rules called \u2018restrictions\u2019 if you get a DRO.\n\nThis means you cannot:\n\n- borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender about your DRO\n\n- act as the director of a company\n\n- create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- manage a business without telling those you do business with about your DRO\n\nIf you want to open a bank account, you may also have to tell the bank or building society about your DRO.\n\nCheck the Individual Insolvency Register to see when the restrictions end.\n\nThe restrictions usually last 12 months. They can be extended if careless or dishonest behaviour caused your debt problem. For example, you lied to get credit.\n\nThe official receiver will tell you if they should be extended. To extend them, you\u2019ll be asked to agree to a \u2018Debt Relief Restrictions Undertaking\u2019. The court can issue a \u2018Debt Relief Restrictions Order\u2019 if you do not agree.\n\n## What you need to know\n\nWhile you have a DRO you still have to pay:\n\n- your rent and bills\n\n- certain debts, for example student loans, court fines\n\nDROs can be cancelled if:\n\n- your finances improve\n\n- you do not co-operate with the official receiver - for example you do not give them the information they ask for\n\nIf you get new debt after your DRO is approved you could:\n\n- get a bankruptcy order\n\n- be prosecuted if you do not tell new creditors about your DRO\n\nYour DRO is added to the Individual Insolvency Register - it\u2019s removed 3 months after the DRO ends.\n\nYour DRO will stay on your credit record for 6 years.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a UK business trader and have been running my business at a loss since the covid restrictions were imposed. My business is on the verge of collapsing and I have made most of my employees redundant. Creditors have been making endless calls. I have never applied for any breathing space.", + "original_question": "Can i apply and get a breathing space?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1043", + "question": "Scenario: I am a landlord and rent a house to a tenant who has a periodic assured short hold tenancy. I want to sell the house but the tenant does not wish to leave.\n\nQuestion: Can I require the tenant to leave prior to selling the house?\n\nDocument - Private renting for tenants: evictions:\n## Rules your landlord must follow\n\nYour landlord must follow strict procedures if they want you to leave their property, depending on the type of tenancy agreement you have and the terms of it.\n\nIf they do not, they may be guilty of illegally evicting or harassing you.\n\nYour landlord must follow different procedures to evict you in Northern Ireland and Scotland.\n\n## Rules for periodic Assured Shorthold Tenancies (ASTs)\n\nPeriodic tenancies run on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis with no fixed end date.\n\nIf you have one of these, your landlord must usually give you \u2018notice to quit\u2019 - they must do this in a certain way depending on your type of tenancy agreement and its terms.\n\n## Notice periods\n\nThere are different eviction notice periods in Wales.\n\nIn England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), the notice periods are longer.\n\nIf you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.\n\nIf you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, your landlord must have given you 6 months to leave the property\n\nIf you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.\n\nYou might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\n## If you do not leave at the end of the notice period\n\nIf you do not leave at the end of the notice period, your landlord must apply to the court for a possession order. If the court gives them a possession order and you still do not leave, they must apply for a warrant for possession - this means bailiffs can evict you from the property.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Rules for fixed-term ASTs\n\nFixed-term tenancies run for a set amount of time. Your landlord must give you notice in a certain way if you\u2019re in a fixed-term tenancy.\n\n## Notice periods\n\nThere are different eviction notice periods in Wales.\n\nIn England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.\n\nIf you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.\n\nIf you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021, your landlord must have given you 6 months to leave the property\n\nIf you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021, in most cases your landlord must give you 4 months to leave.\n\nYou might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\n## If you do not leave at the end of the notice period\n\nIf you refuse to leave at the end of the notice period, the rules depend on whether the fixed term has ended or not.\n\n## Eviction during the fixed term\n\nDuring the fixed term, your landlord can only evict you for certain reasons - for example:\n\n- you have not paid the rent\n\n- you\u2019re engaging in antisocial behaviour\n\n- there\u2019s a \u2018break clause\u2019 in your contract - this allows your landlord to take back the property before the end of the fixed term\n\nA possession order will not take effect until you\u2019ve been living in the property for at least 6 months.\n\n## Eviction at the end of the fixed term\n\nAt the end of the fixed term, the landlord does not need a reason to evict you. As long as they\u2019ve given you correct notice, they can apply to the court for a possession order.\n\nIf the court gives your landlord a possession order and you still do not leave, your landlord must apply for a warrant for possession - this means bailiffs can evict you from the property.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Rules for excluded tenancies or licences\n\nIf you have an excluded tenancy or licence (for example you live with your landlord), your landlord does not have to go to court to evict you.\n\nYour landlord only needs to give you \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. The notice does not have to be in writing.\n\nThere are no set rules about what\u2019s reasonable. It depends on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been living there\n\n- how often you pay the rent\n\n- whether you get on with your landlord\n\n- how quickly the landlord needs another person to move in\n\nThey can then change the locks on your rooms, even if you\u2019ve left your belongings there. However, they must give your belongings back to you.\n\nIf you do not think you\u2019ve been given enough warning to leave, contact your local council for advice. Your council can take action if your landlord has evicted you illegally.\n\nShelter has more information about eviction of excluded occupiers.\n\n## Rules for assured and regulated tenancies\n\nIf your tenancy started before 27 February 1997, you might have an assured or a regulated tenancy. Your landlord will have to follow different rules to evict you and you\u2019ll have increased protection from eviction.\n\nThere are different eviction notice periods in Wales.\n\nIn England, your landlord usually must give you up to 2 months\u2019 notice. Because of COVID-19, the notice periods are longer.\n\nIf you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, your landlord must have given you 3 months to leave the property.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been given notice on or after 29 August 2020, your landlord must give you 6 months to leave. You might have to leave much sooner if you\u2019re evicted using a section 8 notice, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\nShelter has more information about assured tenancies and regulated tenancies.\n\nShelter Cymru has more information about assured tenancies and regulated tenancies in Wales.\n\n## Accelerated possession\n\nLandlords can sometimes evict tenants using \u2018accelerated possession\u2019. This is quicker than a normal eviction and does not usually need a court hearing.\n\nYour landlord can only do this if:\n\n- you have an assured shorthold tenancy or a statutory periodic tenancy\n\n- you have a written tenancy agreement\n\n- they\u2019ve given you the required written notice in the right form\n\n- they have not asked you to leave before the end of a fixed-term tenancy\n\nYour landlord must also tell the court if you and your dependants have been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19) in a way that affects the case. For example, if you lost income because of COVID-19 which meant you were not able to pay rent.\n\nYou can only stop accelerated possession if you can prove your landlord has not followed the rules listed above.\n\n## How it works\n\nIf your landlord applies for accelerated possession, the court will send you:\n\n- a copy of your landlord\u2019s application\n\n- a \u2018defence form\u2019\n\nFill in the defence form to challenge the application or write a statement outlining your circumstances.\n\nIf your case is affected by COVID-19, include details. For example, why you lost income and were not able to pay rent.\n\nYou can get help filling in the defence form.\n\nYou must complete and return the defence form or statement to the court within 14 days of receiving it.\n\n## If your landlord applied for possession before 3 August 2020\n\nIf your landlord wants to continue with their claim for possession they must make another application to the court. You will get a copy of your landlord\u2019s application and instructions from the court on how to challenge the application.\n\n## The judge\u2019s decision\n\nA judge will decide whether to:\n\n- issue a possession order, giving your landlord the right to evict you and take possession of the property (this is normally the case)\n\n- have a court hearing (this usually only happens if the paperwork is not in order or you\u2019ve raised an important issue)\n\nEven if there\u2019s a hearing, the court can still decide to issue a possession order.\n\n## If the judge issues a possession order\n\nIf the judge makes a possession order, you\u2019ll normally have 14 or 28 days to leave the property. If this will cause you exceptional hardship, the judge may give you up to 42 days to leave.\n\nIf you do not leave at this point, your landlord can use bailiffs to evict you.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Eviction court hearings\n\nIf your landlord goes to court to evict you, there will be a \u2018possession hearing\u2019.\n\n## Before the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll know your landlord is taking you to court to evict you because you\u2019ll be sent court papers, including:\n\n- copies of \u2018claim for possession\u2019 forms\n\n- a defence form\n\n- a date for your court hearing\n\nThe defence form is your chance to say why you have rent arrears and if you disagree with what your landlord put on the \u2018claim for possession\u2019 forms. You need to return it within 14 days.\n\nYou may have to pay extra court fees if you do not provide information in the defence form and this results in a delay to your court case.\n\nIf you do not attend your court hearing, it\u2019s very likely the judge will decide you\u2019ll lose your home.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and court hearings\n\nThe court process is different because of COVID-19.\n\nYour landlord must tell the court if you and your dependants have been affected by COVID-19. For example, if you have lost income because of COVID-19, which meant you were not able to pay your rent.\n\n## During the hearing\n\nIf you have not received advice before, you can get free legal advice and representation in court on the day of the hearing. This is under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme. Contact your local council or the court where your case is being heard.\n\nIf the scheme is not available in your area, check with the court whether there are other advice services. You can also check if you can get legal aid.\n\nThe charity Shelter has information on what happens at a possession hearing.\n\n## The judge\u2019s decision\n\nThe judge could:\n\n- dismiss the court case - no order will be made and the hearing is finished\n\n- adjourn the hearing - the hearing will be delayed until later, as the judge feels a decision cannot be made on the day\n\n- make an \u2018order\u2019 - the judge will make a legal decision on what will happen\n\nThe judge will dismiss the case if there\u2019s no reason you should be evicted. This might happen if:\n\n- your landlord has not followed the correct procedure\n\n- your landlord or their representative does not attend the hearing\n\n- you\u2019ve paid any rent arrears\n\nIf the judge dismisses the case, you can stay in your home. If the landlord wants to evict you, they\u2019ll have to restart the court process from the beginning.\n\n## Types of possession order\n\nThere are several different kinds of orders a judge can make.\n\n## Order for possession (or \u2018outright possession order\u2019)\n\nThis means you must leave the property before the date given in the order.\n\nThe date will be either 14 or 28 days after your court hearing. If you\u2019re in an exceptionally difficult situation, you may be able to convince the judge to delay this for up to 6 weeks.\n\nIf you do not leave your home by the date given, your landlord can ask the court to evict you by asking for a \u2018warrant for possession\u2019. If the court gives a warrant, you\u2019ll be sent an eviction notice that gives a date when you must leave your home.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Suspended order for possession\n\nThis means if you make the payments, or obey the conditions, set out in the order, you can stay in your home. If you do not make the payments, your landlord can ask the court to evict you.\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England. In Wales, currently you will not be evicted unless there\u2019s a serious reason, such as if you\u2019re living there illegally or committing anti-social behaviour.\n\n## Money order\n\nThis means you have to pay the landlord the amount set out in the order. If you do not make the payments, action could be taken by the courts to recover the money, including:\n\n- deducting money from your wages or bank account\n\n- sending bailiffs to take away things you own\n\nIf you get into rent arrears after a money order has been made, your landlord can go to court again and ask for a possession order.\n\n## Possession orders with a money judgment\n\nA judge can add a money judgment to any of the possession orders. This means you owe a specific amount of money, usually made up of:\n\n- your rent arrears\n\n- court fees\n\n- your landlord\u2019s legal costs\n\nThe money judgment will not apply if you pay your arrears and the amount set out in a suspended possession order.\n\nHowever, the money judgment will apply if you do not pay the amount set out in the suspended possession order that\u2019s linked to the judgment. If you do not pay, the landlord may ask the court to carry out the instructions in the order and the judgment.\n\n## Eviction notices\n\nIf you do not leave your home by the date given in an outright possession order, your landlord can ask the court for a \u2018warrant of possession\u2019.\n\nIf the court gives a warrant, you\u2019ll be sent an eviction notice that gives a date when you must leave your home. Bailiffs can evict you after this date. The costs of evicting you will be added to the money you owe.\n\n## Changes to evictions in England and Wales because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nFrom 1 June 2021 bailiffs can carry out evictions if you live in England.\n\nIn Wales, currently you will not be evicted by bailiffs, unless there is a serious reason. Bailiffs will only enter the property if you:\n\n- are living there illegally\n\n- have been involved in antisocial behaviour\n\n## Delaying eviction\n\nYou can ask a judge to suspend the warrant at a new hearing. This means they\u2019ll delay the eviction or let you stay in your home if you can make payments again.\n\nThe judge will not automatically agree to suspend the warrant.\n\n## Applying to suspend a warrant\n\nTo apply for a suspension of a warrant, you must fill out an application notice and either send or deliver it to the county court dealing with your case.\n\nYou must tell the court you need a hearing at short notice (before your eviction date). You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of \u00a314, unless you qualify for help.\n\nPay the county court:\n\n- by phone with a debit or credit card\n\n- by post with a cheque or postal order made out to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\n- in person with cash or a debit or credit card\n\nYou can find the address and phone number for the county court online.\n\n## Asking the court to change your payments\n\nIf your circumstances change, you can ask a judge at a new hearing to change what you pay. To do this, you must fill out an application notice and either send or deliver it to the county court dealing with your case.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of \u00a3100, unless you qualify for help.\n\nPay the county court:\n\n- in person by cheque, cash, debit or credit card\n\n- by post with a cheque made out to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\n## Appealing against the decision\n\nYou can only appeal if you can show the judge made mistakes in the original possession hearing. You\u2019ll need to ask the judge for permission to appeal at the end of the original hearing.\n\nIf you get permission to appeal, you\u2019ll have to apply for an appeal hearing very soon afterwards. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee of up to \u00a3140, unless you qualify for help.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get legal advice.\n\n## Contact your local council\n\nIf you\u2019re worried about becoming homeless, contact your local council for homelessness help and advice.\n\n## Harassment and illegal evictions\n\nIt\u2019s a crime for your landlord to harass you or try to force you out of a property without using proper procedures. If this happens, you may have a right to claim damages through the court.\n\n## What is harassment?\n\nHarassment can be anything a landlord does, or fails to do, that makes you feel unsafe in the property or forces you to leave.\n\nHarassment can include:\n\n- stopping services, like electricity\n\n- withholding keys, for example there are 2 tenants in a property but the landlord will only give 1 key\n\n- refusing to carry out repairs\n\n- anti-social behaviour by a landlord\u2019s agent, for example a friend of the landlord moves in next door and causes problems\n\n- threats and physical violence\n\n## Illegal eviction and tenants\u2019 rights\n\nYour landlord may be guilty of illegal eviction if you:\n\n- are not given the notice to leave the property that your landlord must give you\n\n- find the locks have been changed\n\n- are evicted without a court order\n\nEven if your landlord\u2019s property is repossessed by their mortgage lender, the lender must give you notice so you can find other accommodation.\n\nIf you have an assured, assured shorthold or regulated tenancy, they must give you:\n\n- 3 months to leave the property if you were given notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020\n\n- 6 months to leave if you were given notice between 29 August 2020 and 31 May 2021\n\n- 4 months to leave if you\u2019ve been given notice since 1 June 2021\n\nIn Wales, the notice period must be:\n\n- at least 6 months if they gave you notice on or after 24 July 2020\n\n- at least 3 months if they issued a section 8 notice for antisocial behaviour\n\nCitizens Advice has information on repossession by your landlord\u2019s mortgage lender.\n\n## What you can do\n\nIf you think you\u2019re being harassed or threatened with illegal eviction, or the property you rent is being repossessed, talk to your local council.\n\nIt may have someone specialising in tenant harassment issues.\n\nLocal councils can also start legal proceedings if they think there\u2019s enough evidence of harassment or illegal eviction.\n\nYou could also contact a legal adviser, a Citizens Advice office or Shelter\u2019s housing advice helpline.\n\nYour local area may also have other housing or legal advice organisations - your local council, phonebook or library should have details.\n\nIf physical violence is involved, contact the police.\n\nFor further advice, the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government has a detailed guide for tenants facing harassment and illegal eviction.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/private-renting-evictions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a landlord and rent a house to a tenant who has a periodic assured short hold tenancy. I want to sell the house but the tenant does not wish to leave.", + "original_question": "Can I require the tenant to leave prior to selling the house?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1044", + "question": "Scenario: I want to update my Class 3 national insurance as I am eligible to pay voluntary contributions . I already know the amount to pay and would like to make a one off payment.\n\nQuestion: Can i use direct debit payment?\n\nDocument - Pay voluntary Class 3 National Insurance:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be able to pay Class 3 voluntary National Insurance to fill gaps in your contributions record to qualify for benefits like the State Pension.\n\nPay now\n\n## Before you pay\n\nCheck your National Insurance record to find out:\n\n- if you have any gaps\n\n- if you\u2019re eligible to pay voluntary contributions\n\n- how much it will cost\n\nVoluntary contributions do not always increase your State Pension. Contact the Future Pension Centre to find out if you\u2019ll benefit from voluntary contributions.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nYou can pay monthly via Direct Debit.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you want to:\n\n- pay quarterly - they\u2019ll send you a bill every July, October, January and April\n\n- make a one-off payment\n\nMake sure you pay HMRC by the deadline you\u2019re given. The amount of time you\u2019ll need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\n## Same or next day\n\nYou can make same or next day payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking\n\n- by CHAPS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\n## 3 working days\n\nYou can pay within 3 days by BACS.\n\nYou currently cannot pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nTo set up monthly payments, download and send the Direct Debit form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). The address is on the form.\n\nHMRC will write within 21 days to confirm your Direct Debit is set up.\n\nPayments appear on your statement as \u2018HMRC NI-DD\u2019.\n\nYour debits usually start in May. If you\u2019re setting up the Direct Debit after May and you need to pay arrears, you can do this through your first payment.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nMake your payment to the following HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account, unless you\u2019re paying from overseas.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 20 | 12001004 | HMRC NICO Telephone banking |\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse your reference number when making your payment. You\u2019ll find it on your bill.\n\nFor quarterly payments, your number will be 18 characters beginning with 11.\n\nFor one-off payments, your number will be 18 characters beginning with 60.\n\nContact HMRC if you do not have a reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nIf you\u2019re paying from abroad, the account you pay into depends on whether you\u2019re using a UK or non-UK account.\n\n| Account type | Sort code | Account number |\n\n| UK | 20 20 48 | 30944793 |\n\n| Account type | Account number (IBAN) | Bank Identifier Code (BIC) |\n\n| Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22 |\n\nFor either account, pay to account name \u2018HMRC NIC receipts\u2019.\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019, your surname then your initial. If your bank limits you to a certain amount of characters, you should use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019 and as much of your surname as possible.\n\nIf you\u2019re an employer paying for an employee living abroad, you should use your 13-character employer number.\n\n## Banking address\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nPay at a branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need the payslip HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent with your bill.\n\nSome branches might be closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your Class 3 National Insurance reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip provided by HMRC.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account, if you pay between Monday and Friday.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still make payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking\n\n- by CHAPS or BACS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020\n\nCall HMRC if you want to check your payment has been received.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-voluntary-class-3-national-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to update my Class 3 national insurance as I am eligible to pay voluntary contributions . I already know the amount to pay and would like to make a one off payment.", + "original_question": "Can i use direct debit payment?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1045", + "question": "Scenario: I am a UK citizen and live abroad .I don't want to get national insurance gaps . I want to submit my national insurance through my overseas bank account .\n\nQuestion: Can it be allowed?\n\nDocument - Pay voluntary Class 3 National Insurance:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be able to pay Class 3 voluntary National Insurance to fill gaps in your contributions record to qualify for benefits like the State Pension.\n\nPay now\n\n## Before you pay\n\nCheck your National Insurance record to find out:\n\n- if you have any gaps\n\n- if you\u2019re eligible to pay voluntary contributions\n\n- how much it will cost\n\nVoluntary contributions do not always increase your State Pension. Contact the Future Pension Centre to find out if you\u2019ll benefit from voluntary contributions.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nYou can pay monthly via Direct Debit.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you want to:\n\n- pay quarterly - they\u2019ll send you a bill every July, October, January and April\n\n- make a one-off payment\n\nMake sure you pay HMRC by the deadline you\u2019re given. The amount of time you\u2019ll need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\n## Same or next day\n\nYou can make same or next day payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking\n\n- by CHAPS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\n## 3 working days\n\nYou can pay within 3 days by BACS.\n\nYou currently cannot pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nTo set up monthly payments, download and send the Direct Debit form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). The address is on the form.\n\nHMRC will write within 21 days to confirm your Direct Debit is set up.\n\nPayments appear on your statement as \u2018HMRC NI-DD\u2019.\n\nYour debits usually start in May. If you\u2019re setting up the Direct Debit after May and you need to pay arrears, you can do this through your first payment.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nMake your payment to the following HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account, unless you\u2019re paying from overseas.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 20 | 12001004 | HMRC NICO Telephone banking |\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse your reference number when making your payment. You\u2019ll find it on your bill.\n\nFor quarterly payments, your number will be 18 characters beginning with 11.\n\nFor one-off payments, your number will be 18 characters beginning with 60.\n\nContact HMRC if you do not have a reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nIf you\u2019re paying from abroad, the account you pay into depends on whether you\u2019re using a UK or non-UK account.\n\n| Account type | Sort code | Account number |\n\n| UK | 20 20 48 | 30944793 |\n\n| Account type | Account number (IBAN) | Bank Identifier Code (BIC) |\n\n| Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22 |\n\nFor either account, pay to account name \u2018HMRC NIC receipts\u2019.\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019, your surname then your initial. If your bank limits you to a certain amount of characters, you should use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019 and as much of your surname as possible.\n\nIf you\u2019re an employer paying for an employee living abroad, you should use your 13-character employer number.\n\n## Banking address\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nPay at a branch by cash or cheque. You\u2019ll need the payslip HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) sent with your bill.\n\nSome branches might be closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your Class 3 National Insurance reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip provided by HMRC.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account, if you pay between Monday and Friday.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still make payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking\n\n- by CHAPS or BACS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020\n\nCall HMRC if you want to check your payment has been received.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-voluntary-class-3-national-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a UK citizen and live abroad .I don't want to get national insurance gaps . I want to submit my national insurance through my overseas bank account .", + "original_question": "Can it be allowed?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1046", + "question": "Scenario: I am 16 years old. I am employed, and I am going to be earning \u00a317,000 this year. I have never paid national insurance before.\n\nQuestion: Will I need to pay national insurance this year?\n\nDocument - National Insurance:\n## Overview\n\nYou pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits and the State Pension.\n\nYou pay mandatory National Insurance if you\u2019re 16 or over and are either:\n\n- an employee earning above \u00a3184 a week\n\n- self-employed and making a profit of \u00a36,515 or more a year\n\nYou may be able to pay voluntary contributions to avoid gaps in your NI contributions.\n\nYou need a National Insurance number before you can start paying National Insurance contributions.\n\nIf you earn between \u00a3120 and \u00a3184 a week, your contributions are treated as having been paid to protect your National Insurance record.\n\nThis page is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## National Insurance classes\n\nThere are different types of National Insurance (known as \u2018classes\u2019).\n\nThe type you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\n## When you stop paying\n\nIf you\u2019re employed, you stop paying Class 1 National Insurance when you reach the State Pension age.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you stop paying:\n\n- Class 2 National Insurance when you reach State Pension age\n\n- Class 4 National Insurance from 6 April (start of the tax year) after you reach State Pension age\n\n## Your National Insurance number\n\nYou have a National Insurance number to make sure your National Insurance contributions and tax are recorded against your name only.\n\nIt\u2019s made up of letters and numbers and never changes.\n\nYou can find your National Insurance number:\n\n- on your payslip\n\n- on your P60\n\n- on letters about your tax, pension or benefits\n\n- in the National Insurance section of your personal tax account\n\nYou can apply for a National Insurance number if you do not have one or find your National Insurance number if you\u2019ve lost it.\n\n## Who uses your National Insurance number\n\nThese organisations need to know what your number is:\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- your employer\n\n- the Department for Work and Pensions (which includes Jobcentre Plus and the Pension, Disability and Carers Service), if you claim state benefits, or in Northern Ireland the Department for Social Development\n\n- your local council, if you claim Housing Benefit, or the Northern Ireland Housing Executive\n\n- Electoral Registration Officers (to check your identity when you register to vote)\n\n- the Student Loan Company, if you apply for a student loan\n\n- your pension provider if you have a personal or stakeholder pension\n\n- your Individual Savings Account (ISA) provider, if you open an ISA\n\n- authorised financial service providers who help you buy and sell investments like shares, bonds and derivatives - you can check if your provider is authorised\n\nTo prevent identity fraud, keep your National Insurance number safe. Do not share it with anyone who does not need it.\n\n## Proving your National Insurance number\n\nYou can save or print a letter confirming your National Insurance number from your personal tax account.\n\nIf you do not have a personal tax account, contact HMRC to ask for a letter.\n\n## National Insurance classes\n\nThe class you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\n| National Insurance class | Who pays |\n\n| Class 1 | Employees earning more than \u00a3184 a week and under State Pension age - they\u2019re automatically deducted by your employer |\n\n| Class 1A or 1B | Employers pay these directly on their employee\u2019s expenses or benefits |\n\n| Class 2 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a36,515 or more a year. If you\u2019re earning less than this, you can choose to pay voluntary contributions to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record |\n\n| Class 3 | Voluntary contributions - you can pay them to fill or avoid gaps in your National Insurance record |\n\n| Class 4 | Self-employed people earning profits of \u00a39,569 or more a year |\n\nSee the current rates for Class 1, 2 and 4 contributions.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nThe amount of National Insurance you pay depends on your employment status and how much you earn.\n\nYou can see rates for past tax years.\n\n## If you\u2019re employed\n\nYou pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions. The rates for most people for the 2021 to 2022 tax year are:\n\n| Your pay | Class 1 National Insurance rate |\n\n| \u00a3184 to \u00a3967 a week (\u00a3797 to \u00a34,189 a month) | 12% |\n\n| Over \u00a3967 a week (\u00a34,189 a month) | 2% |\n\nYou\u2019ll pay less if:\n\n- you\u2019re a married woman or widow with a valid \u2018certificate of election\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re deferring National Insurance because you\u2019ve got more than one job\n\nEmployers pay a different rate of National Insurance depending on their employees\u2019 category letters.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou pay National Insurance with your tax. Your employer will take it from your wages before you get paid. Your payslip will show your contributions.\n\nIf you\u2019re a director of a limited company, you may also be your own employee and pay Class 1 National Insurance through your PAYE payroll.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nYou pay Class 2 and Class 4 National Insurance, depending on your profits. Most people pay both through Self Assessment.\n\nYou may be able to pay voluntary contributions to avoid gaps in your national insurance record if you:\n\n- have profits of less than \u00a36,515 a year from your self-employment\n\n- have a specific job (such as an examiner or business owner in property or land) and you do not pay Class 2 National Insurance through Self Assessment\n\nIf you have a specific job and you do not pay Class 2 National Insurance through Self Assessment, you need to contact HMRC to arrange a voluntary payment.\n\n## If you\u2019re employed and self-employed\n\nYou might be an employee but also do self-employed work. In this case your employer will deduct your Class 1 National Insurance from your wages, and you may have to pay Class 2 and 4 National Insurance for your self-employed work.\n\nHow much you pay depends on your combined wages and your self-employed work. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will let you know how much National Insurance is due after you\u2019ve filed your Self Assessment tax return.\n\n## Directors, landlords and share fishermen\n\nThere are different National Insurance rules for:\n\n- company directors\n\n- landlords running a property business\n\n- share fishermen for example you\u2019re working on a British fishing boat but not under a contract of service\n\nYou can apply to HMRC to check your National Insurance record and claim a refund if you think you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\n## What National Insurance is for\n\nNational Insurance contributions count towards the benefits and pensions in the table.\n\n| | Class 1: employees | Class 2: self-employed | Class 3: voluntary contributions |\n\n| Basic State Pension | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Additional State Pension | Yes | No | No |\n\n| New State Pension | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Contribution-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance | Yes | No | No |\n\n| Contribution-based Employment and Support Allowance | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Maternity Allowance | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Bereavement Support Payment | Yes | Yes | No |\n\nClass 4 contributions paid by self-employed people with a profit of \u00a39,569 or more do not usually count towards state benefits.\n\n## Help if you're not working\n\nYour benefits could be affected if there are gaps in your National Insurance record. National Insurance credits can help to avoid gaps in your record and protect your benefits.\n\nYou can get credits if you cannot pay National Insurance contributions, for example, if:\n\n- you\u2019re unable to work due to illness\n\n- you\u2019re caring for someone\n\nIf you\u2019re not working or getting credits you can also top up your National Insurance with voluntary contributions.\n\n## Change of circumstance\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:\n\n- change your personal details, for example your name, address or marital status\n\n- start being self-employed\n\n- stop being self-employed", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 16 years old. I am employed, and I am going to be earning \u00a317,000 this year. I have never paid national insurance before.", + "original_question": "Will I need to pay national insurance this year?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1048", + "question": "Scenario: I have been working in Germany since 2013 and I have settled here and have a good job. I am very scared about what BREXIT means for me.\n\nQuestion: Have I lost my right to live and work in the EU since BREXIT?\n\nDocument - Work in an EU country:\n## Overview\n\nYou\u2019ll need a work permit to work in most EU countries if you\u2019re a UK citizen.\n\nIn most cases, you\u2019ll need a job offer from your chosen country so that you can get a visa to move there.\n\nCheck with the UK-based embassy of the country you want to work in to see what you need to do.\n\nIf you want to work in an EU country, check the country\u2019s living in guide for updates.\n\n## If you moved to the EU before 1 January 2021\n\nIf you were legally living in an EU country before 1 January 2021, your right to work will be protected as long as you carry on living there. This is because you are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement.\n\nYou\u2019re also protected by the Withdrawal Agreement if you started working in one EU country and living in a different EU country or the UK, before 1 January 2021.\n\nYou\u2019ll have the same rights as nationals of the country you\u2019re working in when it comes to working conditions, pay and social security (for example, benefits).\n\n## Healthcare and insurance\n\nYou can use a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) or UK Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC) if you\u2019re working in an EU country for up to 3 months. Your EHIC or GHIC gives you access to free or cheaper state-provided medical treatment.\n\nSome UK-issued EHICs may no longer be valid in Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein.\n\nFind out more about the EHIC and GHIC, including who can get them, where they\u2019re valid and how to apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re planning to work in an EEA country or Switzerland for longer, you may need to:\n\n- register as a resident and pay social security contributions to use the state healthcare system in that country\n\n- take out private health insurance\n\nEach country\u2019s healthcare system is different and you may have to pay for treatment you\u2019d get for free on the NHS.\n\nFind out more in the country healthcare guides.\n\nYou usually have to pay for any medical treatment outside of the EEA, but you can get free or reduced cost treatment in some other countries.\n\n## Working abroad for a UK employer\n\nIf you are sent to work abroad temporarily, your employer must follow some of the employment rules of the country you\u2019re sent to work in.\n\nFind out about the employment rules for a country by contacting its UK-based embassy.\n\nYou can also read guidance for business travellers visiting Europe.\n\n## Tax\n\nYou might still have to pay UK Income Tax, depending on what your \u2018residency status\u2019 will be in the country you\u2019re going to (for example, if you\u2019ll be a temporary or permanent resident).\n\nFill in form P85 to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve left or are about to leave the UK to live or work abroad. Fill in the form and send it to HMRC.\n\nHMRC will tell you how your tax will be affected.\n\n## National Insurance\n\nYou might be able to pay National Insurance while you\u2019re working abroad, depending on where you\u2019re working and how long for.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, you can keep paying National Insurance to protect your State Pension and entitlement to other benefits.\n\n## Your circumstances change\n\nContact HMRC if your circumstances change when you\u2019re abroad, for example if you move house or your marital status changes. You\u2019ll need your National Insurance number.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-abroad", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been working in Germany since 2013 and I have settled here and have a good job. I am very scared about what BREXIT means for me.", + "original_question": "Have I lost my right to live and work in the EU since BREXIT?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1049", + "question": "Scenario: My current UK employer has asked me to work in Spain at our offices there. I am very confused over what I need to do.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to pay UK income tax and National Insurance while I'm abroad?\n\nDocument - Work in an EU country:\n## Overview\n\nYou\u2019ll need a work permit to work in most EU countries if you\u2019re a UK citizen.\n\nIn most cases, you\u2019ll need a job offer from your chosen country so that you can get a visa to move there.\n\nCheck with the UK-based embassy of the country you want to work in to see what you need to do.\n\nIf you want to work in an EU country, check the country\u2019s living in guide for updates.\n\n## If you moved to the EU before 1 January 2021\n\nIf you were legally living in an EU country before 1 January 2021, your right to work will be protected as long as you carry on living there. This is because you are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement.\n\nYou\u2019re also protected by the Withdrawal Agreement if you started working in one EU country and living in a different EU country or the UK, before 1 January 2021.\n\nYou\u2019ll have the same rights as nationals of the country you\u2019re working in when it comes to working conditions, pay and social security (for example, benefits).\n\n## Healthcare and insurance\n\nYou can use a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) or UK Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC) if you\u2019re working in an EU country for up to 3 months. Your EHIC or GHIC gives you access to free or cheaper state-provided medical treatment.\n\nSome UK-issued EHICs may no longer be valid in Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein.\n\nFind out more about the EHIC and GHIC, including who can get them, where they\u2019re valid and how to apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re planning to work in an EEA country or Switzerland for longer, you may need to:\n\n- register as a resident and pay social security contributions to use the state healthcare system in that country\n\n- take out private health insurance\n\nEach country\u2019s healthcare system is different and you may have to pay for treatment you\u2019d get for free on the NHS.\n\nFind out more in the country healthcare guides.\n\nYou usually have to pay for any medical treatment outside of the EEA, but you can get free or reduced cost treatment in some other countries.\n\n## Working abroad for a UK employer\n\nIf you are sent to work abroad temporarily, your employer must follow some of the employment rules of the country you\u2019re sent to work in.\n\nFind out about the employment rules for a country by contacting its UK-based embassy.\n\nYou can also read guidance for business travellers visiting Europe.\n\n## Tax\n\nYou might still have to pay UK Income Tax, depending on what your \u2018residency status\u2019 will be in the country you\u2019re going to (for example, if you\u2019ll be a temporary or permanent resident).\n\nFill in form P85 to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve left or are about to leave the UK to live or work abroad. Fill in the form and send it to HMRC.\n\nHMRC will tell you how your tax will be affected.\n\n## National Insurance\n\nYou might be able to pay National Insurance while you\u2019re working abroad, depending on where you\u2019re working and how long for.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, you can keep paying National Insurance to protect your State Pension and entitlement to other benefits.\n\n## Your circumstances change\n\nContact HMRC if your circumstances change when you\u2019re abroad, for example if you move house or your marital status changes. You\u2019ll need your National Insurance number.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-abroad", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My current UK employer has asked me to work in Spain at our offices there. I am very confused over what I need to do.", + "original_question": "Do I need to pay UK income tax and National Insurance while I'm abroad?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1051", + "question": "Scenario: I am 74 and have a substantial private pension - and the state pension - which I have previously paid a lot of tax on. I have recently been diagnosed with a terminal illness and might have less than a year to live.\n\nQuestion: Does my diagnosis make a difference to the tax I pay on my pension? I would like to leave as much for my children to inherit as possible.\n\nDocument - Tax when you get a pension:\n## What\u2019s taxed\n\nYou pay tax if your total annual income adds up to more than your Personal Allowance. Find out about your Personal Allowance and Income Tax rates.\n\nYour total income could include:\n\n- the State Pension you get (either the basic State Pension or the new State Pension)\n\n- Additional State Pension\n\n- a private pension (workplace or personal) - you can take some of this tax-free\n\n- earnings from employment or self-employment\n\n- any taxable benefits you get\n\n- any other income, such as money from investments, property or savings\n\nYou may have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from a private pension. You may also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.\n\n## If your private pensions total more than \u00a31,073,100\n\nYou usually pay a tax charge if the total value of your private pensions is more than \u00a31,073,100. Your pension provider will take off the charge before you get your payment.\n\n## Tax if someone inherits your pension\n\nOther rules apply if someone inherits your State pension or your private pension.\n\n## What's tax-free\n\nYou won\u2019t usually pay any tax if your total annual income adds up to less than your Personal Allowance.\n\n## Lump sums from your pension\n\nYou can usually take up to 25% of the amount built up in any pension as a tax-free lump sum. The tax-free lump sum doesn\u2019t affect your Personal Allowance.\n\nTax is taken off the remaining amount before you get it.\n\nWhen you can take your pension depends on your pension\u2019s rules. It\u2019s usually 55 at the earliest.\n\nYou might have to pay Income Tax at a higher rate if you take a large amount from your pension. You could also owe extra tax at the end of the tax year.\n\n## How you can take your pension\n\n## A pension worth up to \u00a310,000\n\nYou can usually take any pension worth up to \u00a310,000 in one go. This is called a \u2018small pot\u2019 lump sum. If you take this option, 25% is tax-free.\n\nYou can usually get:\n\n- up to 3 small pot lump sums from different personal pensions\n\n- unlimited small pot lump sums from different workplace pensions\n\n## A pension worth up to \u00a330,000 that includes a defined benefit pension\n\nIf you have \u00a330,000 or less in all of your private pensions, you can usually take everything you have in your defined benefit pension or defined contribution pension as a \u2018trivial commutation\u2019 lump sum. If you take this option, 25% is tax-free.\n\nIf this lump sum is paid from more than one pension, you must:\n\n- have your savings in each scheme valued by the provider on the same day, no more than 3 months before you get the first payment\n\n- get all payments within 12 months of the first payment\n\nIf you take payments from a pension before taking the rest as a lump sum, you pay tax on the whole lump sum.\n\n## Cash from a defined contribution pension\n\nCheck with your provider about how you can take money from a defined contribution pension. You can take:\n\n- all the money built up in your pension as cash - up to 25% is tax-free\n\n- smaller cash sums from your pension - up to 25% of each sum is tax-free\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge on money you put into your pension after you withdraw cash.\n\n## If your life expectancy is less than a year\n\nYou may be able to take all the money in your pension as a tax-free lump sum, if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness\n\n- you\u2019re under 75\n\n- you don\u2019t have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings\n\nIf you\u2019re over 75 you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the lump sum.\n\nCheck with your pension provider. Some pension funds will keep at least 50% of your pension for your spouse or civil partner.\n\n## How your tax is paid\n\n## If you get the State Pension and a private pension\n\nYour pension provider will take off any tax you owe before they pay you. They\u2019ll also take off any tax you owe on your State Pension.\n\nIf you get payments from more than one provider (for example, from a workplace pension and a personal pension), HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask one of your providers to take the tax off your State Pension.\n\nAt the end of the tax year you\u2019ll get a P60 from your pension provider showing how much tax you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## If the State Pension is your only income\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for paying any tax you owe. Fill in and send a Self Assessment tax return if you owe anything.\n\nIf you started getting your pension on or after 6 April 2016, don\u2019t send a tax return. HMRC will write to tell you what you owe and how to pay.\n\n## If you continue to work\n\nYour employer will take any tax due off your earnings and your State Pension. This is called Pay As You Earn (PAYE).\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you must fill in a Self Assessment tax return at the end of the tax year. You must declare your overall income, including the State Pension and money from private pensions, for example your workplace pension.\n\n## If you have other income\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for paying any tax you owe on income other than money from your pensions. You might have to fill in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much tax.\n\n## Tax codes\n\nIf your income only comes from one source you\u2019ll usually have one tax code.\n\nYou can have several tax codes if you have income from more than one source.\n\nYou can get your tax code corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## Tax when you live abroad\n\nIf you live abroad but are classed as a UK resident for tax purposes, you may have to pay UK tax on your pension. The amount you pay depends on your income.\n\nIf you\u2019re not a UK resident, you don\u2019t usually pay UK tax on your pension. But you might have to pay tax in the country you live in. There are a few exceptions - for example, UK civil service pensions will always be taxed in the UK.\n\n## Double tax\n\nIf you live in a country without a \u2018double taxation agreement\u2019 with the UK, you might have to pay tax in both countries.\n\n## Higher tax on unauthorised payments\n\nYou\u2019ll pay up to 55% tax on payments from your pension provider if they make an \u2018unauthorised payment\u2019. This is a payment made outside of the government\u2019s tax rules and usually includes:\n\n- any payments before you\u2019re 55 (there are exceptions)\n\n- a \u2018trivial commutation\u2019 lump sum of over \u00a330,000\n\n- regular payments into your account after you\u2019ve died\n\nSome companies advertise personal loans or cash advances if you take your pension early. These payments are unauthorised and you have to pay tax on them.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 74 and have a substantial private pension - and the state pension - which I have previously paid a lot of tax on. I have recently been diagnosed with a terminal illness and might have less than a year to live.", + "original_question": "Does my diagnosis make a difference to the tax I pay on my pension? I would like to leave as much for my children to inherit as possible." + }, + { + "id": "train-1052", + "question": "Scenario: My brother is a UK citizen. He has completed his masters in Engineering . He now wants to find a job offer and move to France in December 2021.\n\nQuestion: Does he need a job offer in france inorder to apply for a work permit?\n\nDocument - Work in an EU country:\n## Overview\n\nYou\u2019ll need a work permit to work in most EU countries if you\u2019re a UK citizen.\n\nIn most cases, you\u2019ll need a job offer from your chosen country so that you can get a visa to move there.\n\nCheck with the UK-based embassy of the country you want to work in to see what you need to do.\n\nIf you want to work in an EU country, check the country\u2019s living in guide for updates.\n\n## If you moved to the EU before 1 January 2021\n\nIf you were legally living in an EU country before 1 January 2021, your right to work will be protected as long as you carry on living there. This is because you are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement.\n\nYou\u2019re also protected by the Withdrawal Agreement if you started working in one EU country and living in a different EU country or the UK, before 1 January 2021.\n\nYou\u2019ll have the same rights as nationals of the country you\u2019re working in when it comes to working conditions, pay and social security (for example, benefits).\n\n## Healthcare and insurance\n\nYou can use a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) or UK Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC) if you\u2019re working in an EU country for up to 3 months. Your EHIC or GHIC gives you access to free or cheaper state-provided medical treatment.\n\nSome UK-issued EHICs may no longer be valid in Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein.\n\nFind out more about the EHIC and GHIC, including who can get them, where they\u2019re valid and how to apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re planning to work in an EEA country or Switzerland for longer, you may need to:\n\n- register as a resident and pay social security contributions to use the state healthcare system in that country\n\n- take out private health insurance\n\nEach country\u2019s healthcare system is different and you may have to pay for treatment you\u2019d get for free on the NHS.\n\nFind out more in the country healthcare guides.\n\nYou usually have to pay for any medical treatment outside of the EEA, but you can get free or reduced cost treatment in some other countries.\n\n## Working abroad for a UK employer\n\nIf you are sent to work abroad temporarily, your employer must follow some of the employment rules of the country you\u2019re sent to work in.\n\nFind out about the employment rules for a country by contacting its UK-based embassy.\n\nYou can also read guidance for business travellers visiting Europe.\n\n## Tax\n\nYou might still have to pay UK Income Tax, depending on what your \u2018residency status\u2019 will be in the country you\u2019re going to (for example, if you\u2019ll be a temporary or permanent resident).\n\nFill in form P85 to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve left or are about to leave the UK to live or work abroad. Fill in the form and send it to HMRC.\n\nHMRC will tell you how your tax will be affected.\n\n## National Insurance\n\nYou might be able to pay National Insurance while you\u2019re working abroad, depending on where you\u2019re working and how long for.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, you can keep paying National Insurance to protect your State Pension and entitlement to other benefits.\n\n## Your circumstances change\n\nContact HMRC if your circumstances change when you\u2019re abroad, for example if you move house or your marital status changes. You\u2019ll need your National Insurance number.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-abroad", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother is a UK citizen. He has completed his masters in Engineering . He now wants to find a job offer and move to France in December 2021.", + "original_question": "Does he need a job offer in france inorder to apply for a work permit?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1053", + "question": "Scenario: I work for a UK company . I am a full time employee and pay national insurance. My employer has requested me to move to Germany in our other office and work from there for 3 years.\n\nQuestion: Can i continue paying my National insurance?\n\nDocument - Work in an EU country:\n## Overview\n\nYou\u2019ll need a work permit to work in most EU countries if you\u2019re a UK citizen.\n\nIn most cases, you\u2019ll need a job offer from your chosen country so that you can get a visa to move there.\n\nCheck with the UK-based embassy of the country you want to work in to see what you need to do.\n\nIf you want to work in an EU country, check the country\u2019s living in guide for updates.\n\n## If you moved to the EU before 1 January 2021\n\nIf you were legally living in an EU country before 1 January 2021, your right to work will be protected as long as you carry on living there. This is because you are covered by the Withdrawal Agreement.\n\nYou\u2019re also protected by the Withdrawal Agreement if you started working in one EU country and living in a different EU country or the UK, before 1 January 2021.\n\nYou\u2019ll have the same rights as nationals of the country you\u2019re working in when it comes to working conditions, pay and social security (for example, benefits).\n\n## Healthcare and insurance\n\nYou can use a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC) or UK Global Health Insurance Card (GHIC) if you\u2019re working in an EU country for up to 3 months. Your EHIC or GHIC gives you access to free or cheaper state-provided medical treatment.\n\nSome UK-issued EHICs may no longer be valid in Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein.\n\nFind out more about the EHIC and GHIC, including who can get them, where they\u2019re valid and how to apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re planning to work in an EEA country or Switzerland for longer, you may need to:\n\n- register as a resident and pay social security contributions to use the state healthcare system in that country\n\n- take out private health insurance\n\nEach country\u2019s healthcare system is different and you may have to pay for treatment you\u2019d get for free on the NHS.\n\nFind out more in the country healthcare guides.\n\nYou usually have to pay for any medical treatment outside of the EEA, but you can get free or reduced cost treatment in some other countries.\n\n## Working abroad for a UK employer\n\nIf you are sent to work abroad temporarily, your employer must follow some of the employment rules of the country you\u2019re sent to work in.\n\nFind out about the employment rules for a country by contacting its UK-based embassy.\n\nYou can also read guidance for business travellers visiting Europe.\n\n## Tax\n\nYou might still have to pay UK Income Tax, depending on what your \u2018residency status\u2019 will be in the country you\u2019re going to (for example, if you\u2019ll be a temporary or permanent resident).\n\nFill in form P85 to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve left or are about to leave the UK to live or work abroad. Fill in the form and send it to HMRC.\n\nHMRC will tell you how your tax will be affected.\n\n## National Insurance\n\nYou might be able to pay National Insurance while you\u2019re working abroad, depending on where you\u2019re working and how long for.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible, you can keep paying National Insurance to protect your State Pension and entitlement to other benefits.\n\n## Your circumstances change\n\nContact HMRC if your circumstances change when you\u2019re abroad, for example if you move house or your marital status changes. You\u2019ll need your National Insurance number.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/working-abroad", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I work for a UK company . I am a full time employee and pay national insurance. My employer has requested me to move to Germany in our other office and work from there for 3 years.", + "original_question": "Can i continue paying my National insurance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1054", + "question": "Scenario: I rented a flat and paid a deposit of \u00a3900 equivalent to the monthly rent . I have no arrears or aware of any damages to the property . I have adhered according to the tenancy agreement.I want to relocate elsewhere.\n\nQuestion: Will i be able to get my deposit?\n\nDocument - Tenancy deposit protection:\n## Overview\n\nYour landlord must put your deposit in a government-approved tenancy deposit scheme (TDP) if you rent your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007. In England and Wales your deposit can be registered with:\n\n- Deposit Protection Service\n\n- MyDeposits - including deposits that were held by Capita\n\n- Tenancy Deposit Scheme\n\nIf you don\u2019t rent your home on an assured shorthold tenancy, your landlord can accept valuable items (for example a car or watch) as a deposit instead of money. The items won\u2019t be protected by a scheme.\n\nThere are separate TDP schemes in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nThey make sure you\u2019ll get your deposit back if you:\n\n- meet the terms of your tenancy agreement\n\n- don\u2019t damage the property\n\n- pay your rent and bills\n\nYour landlord or letting agent must put your deposit in the scheme within 30 days of getting it.\n\n## At the end of your tenancy\n\nYour landlord must return your deposit within 10 days of you both agreeing how much you\u2019ll get back.\n\nIf you\u2019re in a dispute with your landlord, then your deposit will be protected in the TDP scheme until the issue is sorted out.\n\n## Holding deposits\n\nYour landlord doesn\u2019t have to protect a holding deposit (money you pay to \u2018hold\u2019 a property before an agreement is signed). Once you become a tenant, the holding deposit becomes a deposit, which they must protect.\n\n## Deposits made by a third party\n\nYour landlord must use a TDP scheme even if your deposit is paid by someone else, such as a rent deposit scheme or your parents.\n\n## Information landlords must give tenants\n\nOnce your landlord has received your deposit, they have 30 days to tell you:\n\n- the address of the rented property\n\n- how much deposit you\u2019ve paid\n\n- how the deposit is protected\n\n- the name and contact details of the tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme and its dispute resolution service\n\n- their (or the letting agency\u2019s) name and contact details\n\n- the name and contact details of any third party that\u2019s paid the deposit\n\n- why they would keep some or all of the deposit\n\n- how to apply to get the deposit back\n\n- what to do if you can\u2019t get hold of the landlord at the end of the tenancy\n\n- what to do if there\u2019s a dispute over the deposit\n\n## If your landlord doesn't protect your deposit\n\nContact a tenancy deposit scheme (TDP) if you\u2019re not sure whether your deposit has been protected.\n\nContact MyDeposits if your deposit was held by Capita.\n\n## Getting your deposit back\n\nYou can apply to your local county court if you think your landlord hasn\u2019t used a TDP scheme when they should have.\n\nGet legal advice before applying to court. You do not need a solicitor to do this.\n\n## Before going to court\n\nIt can be quicker and cheaper to write to your landlord, rather than going to court.\n\nIf you cannot come to an agreement, you can apply to the court for compensation.\n\n## Apply to a county court\n\nApply using Form N208: Claim form.\n\nThe court fee is \u00a3308. You can claim this back from your landlord if you win your case.\n\nYou can apply for money off your court fee if you claim certain benefits or have a low income.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf the court finds your landlord has not protected your deposit, it can order them to either:\n\n- repay it to you\n\n- pay it into a TDP scheme\u2019s bank account within 14 days\n\nThe court may also order the landlord to pay you up to 3 times the deposit within 14 days of making the order.\n\n## At the end of the tenancy\n\nThe court may decide that you won\u2019t have to leave the property when the tenancy ends if your landlord hasn\u2019t used a TDP scheme when they should have.\n\n## Disputes and problems\n\n## If there\u2019s a dispute over a deposit\n\nYour tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme offers a free dispute resolution service if you disagree with your landlord about how much deposit should be returned.\n\nYou don\u2019t have to use the service but if you do, both you and the landlord have to agree to it. You\u2019ll both be asked to provide evidence, and the decision made about your deposit will be final.\n\n## If you can\u2019t contact the landlord\n\nYou can \u2018raise a dispute\u2019 to get your deposit back if you can\u2019t contact your landlord and your deposit is held by one of the approved TDP schemes:\n\n- MyDeposits\n\n- Tenancy Deposit Scheme\n\n- Deposit Protection Service\n\nContact MyDeposits if your deposit was held by Capita.\n\nThe TDP scheme will refund your deposit if the dispute resolution service agrees.\n\nThere may be a limit on the time you have to raise a dispute. Contact the TDP scheme as soon as possible.\n\n## If your deposit is not held by an approved TDP scheme\n\nYou may be able to apply to your local county court to get your deposit back if your deposit was not protected by an approved TDP scheme.\n\nYou should write to your landlord and your letting agent (if you have one) before you make a claim. Your landlord or agent may offer to pay your deposit back after they get a letter to avoid legal costs.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nYou can get more help and advice from:\n\n- your local Citizens Advice office\n\n- a solicitor or advice agency\n\n- Shelter in England or Shelter in Wales", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-deposit-protection", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I rented a flat and paid a deposit of \u00a3900 equivalent to the monthly rent . I have no arrears or aware of any damages to the property . I have adhered according to the tenancy agreement.I want to relocate elsewhere.", + "original_question": "Will i be able to get my deposit?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1055", + "question": "Scenario: I have paid my deposit and a one month rent. The house looks good and well taken care of but I am yet to hear from the landlord.\n\nQuestion: Will I get further information on how the deposit is managed?\n\nDocument - Tenancy deposit protection:\n## Overview\n\nYour landlord must put your deposit in a government-approved tenancy deposit scheme (TDP) if you rent your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007. In England and Wales your deposit can be registered with:\n\n- Deposit Protection Service\n\n- MyDeposits - including deposits that were held by Capita\n\n- Tenancy Deposit Scheme\n\nIf you don\u2019t rent your home on an assured shorthold tenancy, your landlord can accept valuable items (for example a car or watch) as a deposit instead of money. The items won\u2019t be protected by a scheme.\n\nThere are separate TDP schemes in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nThey make sure you\u2019ll get your deposit back if you:\n\n- meet the terms of your tenancy agreement\n\n- don\u2019t damage the property\n\n- pay your rent and bills\n\nYour landlord or letting agent must put your deposit in the scheme within 30 days of getting it.\n\n## At the end of your tenancy\n\nYour landlord must return your deposit within 10 days of you both agreeing how much you\u2019ll get back.\n\nIf you\u2019re in a dispute with your landlord, then your deposit will be protected in the TDP scheme until the issue is sorted out.\n\n## Holding deposits\n\nYour landlord doesn\u2019t have to protect a holding deposit (money you pay to \u2018hold\u2019 a property before an agreement is signed). Once you become a tenant, the holding deposit becomes a deposit, which they must protect.\n\n## Deposits made by a third party\n\nYour landlord must use a TDP scheme even if your deposit is paid by someone else, such as a rent deposit scheme or your parents.\n\n## Information landlords must give tenants\n\nOnce your landlord has received your deposit, they have 30 days to tell you:\n\n- the address of the rented property\n\n- how much deposit you\u2019ve paid\n\n- how the deposit is protected\n\n- the name and contact details of the tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme and its dispute resolution service\n\n- their (or the letting agency\u2019s) name and contact details\n\n- the name and contact details of any third party that\u2019s paid the deposit\n\n- why they would keep some or all of the deposit\n\n- how to apply to get the deposit back\n\n- what to do if you can\u2019t get hold of the landlord at the end of the tenancy\n\n- what to do if there\u2019s a dispute over the deposit\n\n## If your landlord doesn't protect your deposit\n\nContact a tenancy deposit scheme (TDP) if you\u2019re not sure whether your deposit has been protected.\n\nContact MyDeposits if your deposit was held by Capita.\n\n## Getting your deposit back\n\nYou can apply to your local county court if you think your landlord hasn\u2019t used a TDP scheme when they should have.\n\nGet legal advice before applying to court. You do not need a solicitor to do this.\n\n## Before going to court\n\nIt can be quicker and cheaper to write to your landlord, rather than going to court.\n\nIf you cannot come to an agreement, you can apply to the court for compensation.\n\n## Apply to a county court\n\nApply using Form N208: Claim form.\n\nThe court fee is \u00a3308. You can claim this back from your landlord if you win your case.\n\nYou can apply for money off your court fee if you claim certain benefits or have a low income.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf the court finds your landlord has not protected your deposit, it can order them to either:\n\n- repay it to you\n\n- pay it into a TDP scheme\u2019s bank account within 14 days\n\nThe court may also order the landlord to pay you up to 3 times the deposit within 14 days of making the order.\n\n## At the end of the tenancy\n\nThe court may decide that you won\u2019t have to leave the property when the tenancy ends if your landlord hasn\u2019t used a TDP scheme when they should have.\n\n## Disputes and problems\n\n## If there\u2019s a dispute over a deposit\n\nYour tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme offers a free dispute resolution service if you disagree with your landlord about how much deposit should be returned.\n\nYou don\u2019t have to use the service but if you do, both you and the landlord have to agree to it. You\u2019ll both be asked to provide evidence, and the decision made about your deposit will be final.\n\n## If you can\u2019t contact the landlord\n\nYou can \u2018raise a dispute\u2019 to get your deposit back if you can\u2019t contact your landlord and your deposit is held by one of the approved TDP schemes:\n\n- MyDeposits\n\n- Tenancy Deposit Scheme\n\n- Deposit Protection Service\n\nContact MyDeposits if your deposit was held by Capita.\n\nThe TDP scheme will refund your deposit if the dispute resolution service agrees.\n\nThere may be a limit on the time you have to raise a dispute. Contact the TDP scheme as soon as possible.\n\n## If your deposit is not held by an approved TDP scheme\n\nYou may be able to apply to your local county court to get your deposit back if your deposit was not protected by an approved TDP scheme.\n\nYou should write to your landlord and your letting agent (if you have one) before you make a claim. Your landlord or agent may offer to pay your deposit back after they get a letter to avoid legal costs.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nYou can get more help and advice from:\n\n- your local Citizens Advice office\n\n- a solicitor or advice agency\n\n- Shelter in England or Shelter in Wales", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-deposit-protection", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have paid my deposit and a one month rent. The house looks good and well taken care of but I am yet to hear from the landlord.", + "original_question": "Will I get further information on how the deposit is managed?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1056", + "question": "Scenario: Two friends and I have been squatting in a building for over a year. Now the owner of the building has turned up and told us that we need to leave. We are not doing any harm here\n\nQuestion: Given the length of time we have been in this building, do we have any rights to ownership?\n\nDocument - Squatting and the law:\n## Overview\n\nSquatting is when someone deliberately enters property without permission and lives there, or intends to live there. This is sometimes known as \u2018adverse possession\u2019.\n\nSquatting in residential buildings (like a house or flat) is illegal. It can lead to 6 months in prison, a \u00a35,000 fine or both.\n\nAnyone who originally enters a property with the permission of the landlord is not a squatter. For example, if you\u2019re renting a property and fall behind with rent payments you\u2019re not squatting if you continue to live there.\n\nAlthough squatting in non-residential building or land is not in itself a crime, it\u2019s a crime to damage the property.\n\nIt\u2019s usually a crime not to leave land or property when you\u2019re instructed to do so by:\n\n- the owner\n\n- the police\n\n- the council\n\n- a repossession order\n\n## Squatting in non-residential properties\n\nA non-residential property is any building or land that is not designed to be lived in.\n\nSimply being on another person\u2019s non-residential property without their permission is not usually a crime. The police can take action if squatters commit other crimes when entering or staying in a property.\n\nCrimes include:\n\n- causing damage when entering the property\n\n- causing damage while in the property\n\n- not leaving when they\u2019re told to by a court\n\n- stealing from the property\n\n- using utilities like electricity or gas without permission\n\n- fly-tipping\n\n- not obeying a noise abatement notice\n\nContact the police if you see someone breaking into or damaging property.\n\n## Squatters' rights to property\n\nA long-term squatter can become the registered owner of property or land they\u2019ve occupied without the owner\u2019s permission.\n\nGet legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if you\u2019re a squatter in a property and want to claim ownership.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply if you can prove:\n\n- you, or a succession of squatters, have occupied the property continuously for 10 years (12 years if it\u2019s not registered with HM Land Registry)\n\n- you (or your predecessors) acted as owners of the property for the whole of that time\n\n- you (or any of your predecessors) did not have the owner\u2019s permission, for example the property was not originally rented to a squatter\n\n## If the property\u2019s registered\n\nFill in a form for adverse possession.\n\nComplete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.\n\nSend your form and statement to the HM Land Registry Citizen Centre.\n\nHM Land Registry will decide if your application is valid and will let the property owner know. The owner has 65 days to object - your application will usually be automatically rejected if they do.\n\nYou\u2019ll be registered as the owner of the property if there\u2019s no objection.\n\nYou can apply again after 2 years if:\n\n- the owner has not tried to remove you\n\n- the property has not been reclaimed\n\n- you\u2019re still in possession of the property\n\nHM Land Registry will usually then register you as the owner.\n\n## If the property\u2019s unregistered\n\nComplete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.\n\nApply for first registration - include your statement with your application.\n\nHM Land Registry will:\n\n- inspect the property - you must pay a fee for this\n\n- decide if your application is valid\n\n- let the property owner know, if they have their details\n\nYou can try to come to an agreement with the owners if they object. HM Land Registry will arrange a tribunal to decide who owns the property if you cannot agree or do not want to.\n\nYou may have to pay the costs of the owner, such as their reasonable legal fees, no matter what the outcome.\n\n## Stop squatters legally possessing property\n\nHM Land Registry will tell you if squatters apply for legal ownership of your property if it\u2019s registered - you must take action if you want to keep it.\n\nGet legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if squatters try to claim your property.\n\nHow you block an application depends on whether your property is registered with HM Land Registry or not.\n\n## Registered properties\n\nYou\u2019ve 65 days to object to an application - HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.\n\nHM Land Registry will reject the squatters\u2019 application if you\u2019ve got a valid objection.\n\nYou must take action to remove the squatters and reclaim your property once the squatters\u2019 claim is rejected.\n\nYou will not be able to object again if you\u2019ve done nothing within 2 years of the original application and the same squatters reapply.\n\n## Unregistered properties\n\nYou can object to a squatter\u2019s application. HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.\n\nHM Land Registry may not be able to contact you if your property is not registered.\n\nHM Land Registry will decide if your objection is valid - if it is they\u2019ll ask if you want to negotiate with the squatters, for example offer to sell them the property. You\u2019ll be given time to do so.\n\nA tribunal will decide who owns the property if you cannot agree - HM Land Registry will arrange this.\n\n## Remove squatters\n\nYou can remove squatters using an interim possession order (IPO) or making a claim for possession.\n\nDo not try to remove the squatters yourself using force or the threat of force - you\u2019re committing a crime if you do.\n\nGet legal advice from a solicitor if you need help making a claim for possession.\n\n## Interim possession orders\n\nYou can only apply for an IPO if it\u2019s been 28 days or less since you found out your property\u2019s been squatted.\n\nFill in an application for an IPO and send it to your local county court.\n\nThe court will send you confirmation of your IPO within a few days. They will also send you documents that you must give to the squatters within 48 hours.\n\nAfter being served with an IPO squatters can be sent to prison if they do not:\n\n- leave your property within 24 hours\n\n- stay away from your property for 12 months\n\nTo get final possession of the property, you must make a claim for possession. You can do this on your IPO application form or separately online.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use an IPO if:\n\n- you\u2019re also making a claim for damages caused by the squatters - instead you should make an ordinary claim for possession\n\n- you\u2019re trying to evict former tenants, sub-tenants or licensees\n\n## Claim for possession\n\nMake a claim for possession if it\u2019s been more than 28 days since you found out about the squatters.\n\n## Where to get help\n\nYou may be classed as homeless if you\u2019re squatting. Get advice from Shelter or Shelter in Wales.\n\nYou can also contact your council for help.\n\n## Report squatters\n\nCall the police if you:\n\n- find people squatting in a residential property you own\n\n- see someone breaking into anywhere\n\n- think someone is squatting", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Two friends and I have been squatting in a building for over a year. Now the owner of the building has turned up and told us that we need to leave. We are not doing any harm here", + "original_question": "Given the length of time we have been in this building, do we have any rights to ownership?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1058", + "question": "Scenario: I left my job last month.Fortunately I have got a new job offer . I want to show my new employer about my tax payments on my salary.\n\nQuestion: Can my former employer refuse to give me P45?\n\nDocument - P45, P60 and P11D forms: workers' guide:\n## P45\n\nYou\u2019ll get a P45 from your employer when you stop working for them.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting P45s if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nYour P45 shows how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary so far in the tax year (6 April to 5 April).\n\nA P45 has 4 parts (Part 1, Part 1A, Part 2 and Part 3).\n\n- Your employer sends details for Part 1 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and gives you the other parts.\n\n- You give Part 2 and 3 to your new employer (or to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not working).\n\n- Keep Part 1A for your own records.\n\nBy law your employer must give you a P45 - ask them for one.\n\nYou can check how much tax you paid last year if you think you might have paid too much.\n\n## You do not have a P45\n\nYou will not have a P45 if you\u2019re starting your first job or you\u2019re taking on a second job. Your employer will need to work out how much tax you should be paying on your salary.\n\nThey may use a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 to collect the information, or may collect it another way. The Starter Checklist has questions about any other jobs, benefits or student loans you have. It helps your employer work out your correct tax code before your first payday.\n\n## P60\n\nYour P60 shows the tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary in the tax year (6 April to 5 April). You get a separate P60 for each of your jobs.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting P60s if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nIf you\u2019re working for an employer on 5 April they must give you a P60. They must provide this by 31 May, on paper or electronically.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your P60 to prove how much tax you\u2019ve paid on your salary, for example:\n\n- to claim back overpaid tax\n\n- to apply for tax credits\n\n- as proof of your income if you apply for a loan or a mortgage\n\nYou can check how much tax you paid last year if you think you might have paid too much.\n\n## P11D\n\nYour employer might give you a copy of your P11D if they used it to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about your \u2018benefits in kind\u2019 (for example company cars or interest-free loans).\n\nThey do not have to do this, but they must tell you how much each benefit is worth.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide to getting form P11D if you\u2019re an employer.\n\nYou might not get a P11D if your employer takes the tax you owe on your benefits out of your pay.\n\nYour employer will write to you to explain how this works.\n\n## Lost PAYE forms\n\n## Lost P45\n\nYou cannot get a replacement P45.\n\nInstead, your new employer may give you a \u2018Starter Checklist\u2019 or ask you for the relevant details about your finances to send to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n## Lost P60\n\nYou can get a replacement P60 from your employer.\n\n## P11D\n\nYou can usually get a copy of the P11D from your employer. If they cannot give you one, you can contact HMRC for a copy.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-forms-p45-p60-p11d", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I left my job last month.Fortunately I have got a new job offer . I want to show my new employer about my tax payments on my salary.", + "original_question": "Can my former employer refuse to give me P45?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1059", + "question": "Scenario: I am a single person in steady employment. I fill out a self assessment tax return every year and have been doing so for 5 years.\n\nQuestion: Is it necessary to keep records of my tax papaerwork?\n\nDocument - Keeping your pay and tax records:\n## Overview\n\nYou need to keep records if you have to send HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your records to fill in your tax return correctly. If HMRC checks your tax return, they may ask for the documents.\n\nYou must also keep records for business income and outgoings if you\u2019re self-employed.\n\n## How to keep your records\n\nThere are no rules on how you must keep records. You can keep them on paper, digitally or as part of a software program (like book-keeping software).\n\nHMRC can charge you a penalty if your records are not accurate, complete and readable.\n\n## Lost or destroyed records\n\nTry to get copies of as much as you can, for example ask banks for copies of statements, suppliers for duplicate invoice etc.\n\nYou can use \u2018provisional\u2019 or \u2018estimated\u2019 figures if you cannot recreate all your records. You must use the \u2018Any other information\u2019 box on the tax return to say that this is what you\u2019re doing.\n\n\u2018Provisional\u2019 means you\u2019ll be able to get paperwork to confirm your figures later. \u2018Estimated\u2019 means you will not be able to confirm the figures.\n\nYou may have to pay interest and penalties if your figures turn out to be wrong and you have not paid enough tax.\n\n## How long to keep your records\n\nYou must keep records about your business income and costs for longer if you\u2019re self-employed.\n\nHow long you should keep your records depends on whether you send your tax return before or after the deadline.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\n## Tax returns sent on or before the deadline\n\nYou should keep your records for at least 22 months after the end of the tax year the tax return is for.\n\n## Tax returns sent after the deadline\n\nYou should keep your records for at least 15 months after you sent the tax return.\n\n## Employees and limited company directors\n\n## Income from employment\n\nYou should keep documents about your pay and tax, including:\n\n- your P45 - if you leave your job, this shows your pay and tax to the date you left\n\n- your P60 - if you\u2019re in a job on 5 April, this shows your pay and tax for the tax year\n\n- form P11D - this shows your expenses and benefits, like a company car or health insurance\n\n- certificates for any Taxed Award Schemes\n\n- information about any redundancy or termination payment\n\nContact your employer if you do not have your P60, P45 or form P11D.\n\nYou should also keep details of any other income or benefits from your job, including:\n\n- any tips received (unless your employer pays them through the \u2018tronc\u2019 system, which means they will have deducted tax already)\n\n- benefits you get in connection with your job from someone other than your employer, like meal vouchers\n\n- any lump sum payments not included on your P60 or P45, like incentive payments or \u2018golden hellos\u2019 (payments you get to encourage you to take a new job)\n\n## Expense records\n\nIf you\u2019ve had to pay for things like tools, travel or specialist clothing for work, you may be able to claim for these to reduce the tax you\u2019ll have to pay. You need to keep a record of these so you can include them in your tax return.\n\n## Benefits records\n\nYou should keep any documents relating to:\n\n- social security benefits\n\n- Statutory Sick Pay\n\n- Statutory Maternity, Paternity or Adoption Pay\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n## Income from employee share schemes or share-related benefits\n\nYou should keep:\n\n- copies of share option certificates and exercise notices\n\n- letters about any changes to your options\n\n- information about what you paid for your shares and the relevant dates\n\n- details of any benefits you\u2019ve received as an employee shareholder\n\n## Savings, investments and pensions\n\nYou should keep all:\n\n- bank or building society statements and passbooks\n\n- statements of interest and income from your savings and investments\n\n- tax deduction certificates from your bank\n\n- dividend vouchers you get from UK companies\n\n- unit trust tax vouchers\n\n- documents that show the profits you\u2019ve made from life insurance policies (called \u2018chargeable event certificates\u2019)\n\n- details of income you get from a trust\n\n- details of any out-of-the ordinary income you\u2019ve received, like an inheritance\n\n## Pension information\n\nYou should keep:\n\n- form P160 (Part 1A) which you got when your pension started\n\n- form P60 which your pension provider sends you every year\n\n- any other details of a pension (including State Pension) and the tax deducted from it\n\n## Rental income\n\nYou should keep details of:\n\n- the dates when you let out your property\n\n- all rent you get\n\n- any income from services you give to tenants (for example if you charge for maintenance or repairs)\n\n- rent books, receipts, invoices and bank statements\n\n- allowable expenses you pay to run your property (for example services you pay for such as cleaning or gardening)\n\nThere are rules about what you can and cannot claim as expenses on your tax return.\n\n## Capital gains or losses\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) certain assets that have gone up in value since you got them.\n\nYou must make sure you keep the correct records.\n\n## Overseas income\n\nYou should keep:\n\n- evidence of income you\u2019ve earned from overseas, like payslips, bank statements or payment confirmations\n\n- receipts for any overseas expenses you want to claim to reduce your tax bill\n\n- dividend certificates from overseas companies\n\n- certificates or other proof of the tax you\u2019ve already paid - either in the UK or overseas", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/keeping-your-pay-tax-records", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a single person in steady employment. I fill out a self assessment tax return every year and have been doing so for 5 years.", + "original_question": "Is it necessary to keep records of my tax papaerwork?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1061", + "question": "Scenario: I don't have an accountant. I am a full time worker and it's towards the end of the financial year. I have paying in slips and the paper statements .I would like to pay for self assessment tax bill to the HMRC.\n\nQuestion: Can I pay through the bank by cash?\n\nDocument - Pay your Self Assessment tax bill:\n## Overview\n\nThe deadlines for paying your tax bill are usually:\n\n- 31 January - for any tax you owe for the previous tax year (known as a balancing payment) and your first payment on account\n\n- 31 July for your second payment on account\n\nIf you delayed making a payment on account in July 2020 because of coronavirus (COVID-19), this will be added to your tax bill due by 31 January 2021.\n\nPay Self Assessment now\n\nYou can pay in regular monthly instalments, if you prefer.\n\nYou can get help if you cannot pay your tax bill on time.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. You\u2019ll be charged interest and may have to pay a penalty if your payment is late.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- through your online bank account\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\nYou need a paying-in slip from HMRC to pay at a bank or building society.\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- Bacs\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up with HMRC before)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set one up with HMRC before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments or by debit or credit card).\n\n## Problems with payment services\n\nOnline payment services may be slow during busy times. Check if there are any current problems or times they are not available.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make single payments for 31 January.\n\nYou can also set up another Direct Debit if you need to make a payment on account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to set up single payments each time you want to pay by Direct Debit.\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 11-character payment reference. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll find it either on your:\n\n- HMRC online account\n\n- paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your Self-Assessment tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## Make an online or telephone bank transfer\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill using Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\n## Pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs\n\nYour bill will tell you which account to pay in to. If you do not have a bill, or you\u2019re not sure, use HMRC Cumbernauld.\n\n## Account details to use\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## If your account is overseas\n\n| Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account number (IBAN) | Account name |\n\n| BARCGB22 | GB62BARC20114770297690 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n| BARCGB22 | GB03BARC20114783977692 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## What you\u2019ll need\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 11-character payment reference when you pay. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019.\n\nYou can find it on your:\n\n- HMRC online account\n\n- paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nPayments from overseas may take longer - check with your bank.\n\n## Multiple payments by CHAPS\n\nSend an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single CHAPS payment for multiple Self Assessment bills, using more than one payment reference number.\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## Approve a payment through your online bank account\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.\n\nWhen you\u2019re ready to pay, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your Self Assessment payment.\n\nThe payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nUse your 11-character payment reference when you pay. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find it either:\n\n- in your HMRC online account\n\n- on your paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, not the date it reaches their account - including on bank holidays and weekends.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your Self Assessment tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can only pay at your branch by cash or cheque if you both:\n\n- still get paper statements from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- have the paying-in slip HMRC sent you\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 11-character payment reference on the back of the cheque. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the paying-in slip.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches their account (as long as you pay from Monday to Friday).\n\n## If you do not have a paying-in slip\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay by another method instead, for example:\n\n- debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- online or telephone banking\n\n- Direct Debit\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 11-character payment reference on the back of the cheque. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find this on your payslip.\n\nInclude the payslip HMRC sent you (if you still get paper statements). Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque correctly.\n\n## If you do not have an HMRC payslip\n\nYou can print a slip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\n## Pay in instalments\n\nIf you\u2019ve already filed your Self Assessment tax return, you might be able to pay the bill in instalments.\n\nWhat you need to do depends on whether you want to:\n\n- make payments against your latest bill\n\n- make advance payments against your next bill\n\n## If you cannot afford to pay your latest bill\n\nYou can set up a payment plan to spread the cost of your latest Self Assessment bill if all the following apply:\n\n- you owe \u00a330,000 or less\n\n- you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC\n\n- your tax returns are up to date\n\n- it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline\n\nYou can choose how much to pay straight away and how much you want to pay each month. You\u2019ll have to pay interest.\n\nIf you don\u2019t keep up with your repayments, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay everything you owe.\n\nThere are 2 ways you can set up a payment plan:\n\n- set up a payment plan online\n\n- call the Payment Support Service\n\n## If you want to make regular payments in advance\n\nYou can set up a budget payment plan if you want to put aside money to cover your next Self Assessment tax bill.\n\nThis is different from payments on account, which you normally make once every 6 months towards your next tax bill.\n\nThe budget payment plan lets you:\n\n- decide how much to pay each week or month\n\n- stop paying for up to 6 months\n\nYou must be up to date with your previous Self Assessment payments.\n\nSet up your plan using your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account. Go to the Direct Debit section and choose the budget payment option when filling in the Direct Debit form.\n\nIf the amount in your budget payment plan does not cover your next bill in full, you\u2019ll need to pay the difference by the payment deadlines.\n\n## Through your tax code\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill through your PAYE tax code as long as all these apply:\n\n- you owe less than \u00a33,000 on your tax bill\n\n- you already pay tax through PAYE, for example you\u2019re an employee or you get a company pension\n\n- you submitted your paper tax return by 31 October or your online tax return online by 30 December\n\n## How it\u2019s set up\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will automatically collect what you owe through your tax code if you meet all 3 conditions, unless you\u2019ve specifically asked them not to (on your tax return).\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible, you will not be able to pay this way.\n\n## When you cannot pay through your tax code\n\nYou will not be able to pay your tax bill through your PAYE tax code if:\n\n- you do not have enough PAYE income for HMRC to collect it\n\n- you\u2019d pay more than 50% of your PAYE income in tax\n\n- you\u2019d end up paying more than twice as much tax as you normally do\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you cannot pay Class 2 National Insurance through your tax code, unless it\u2019s been due since before 6 April 2015. You must use one of the other ways to pay by the deadline instead.\n\n## How deductions are made\n\nThe tax you owe will be taken from your salary or pension in equal instalments over 12 months, along with your usual tax deductions.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nView your HM Revenue and Customs online account to check if your payment\u2019s been received - it should show as paid between 3 to 6 working days later.\n\nIf paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to ask for a receipt from HMRC.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-self-assessment-tax-bill", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I don't have an accountant. I am a full time worker and it's towards the end of the financial year. I have paying in slips and the paper statements .I would like to pay for self assessment tax bill to the HMRC.", + "original_question": "Can I pay through the bank by cash?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1063", + "question": "Scenario: I started a new job a couple of weeks ago as an employee. I have yet to pay tax. It is my first job as I can now legally work. I only work 17 hours.\n\nQuestion: Will any tax due be sorted out for me?\n\nDocument - Tax codes:\n## Overview\n\nYour tax code is used by your employer or pension provider to work out how much Income Tax to take from your pay or pension. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell them which code to use.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Find your tax code\n\nUse the check your Income Tax online service within your Personal Tax Account to find your tax code for the current year. You can also view your tax code for:\n\n- a previous tax year\n\n- the next tax year\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to sign in with Government Gateway or create an account if you do not already have one.\n\nOnce signed in, you can also see:\n\n- if your tax code has changed\n\n- how much tax you\u2019re likely to pay\n\nYou can also find your tax code on your payslip or tax code letter from HMRC.\n\n## If you think your tax code is wrong\n\nIf you think your tax code is wrong, you can update your employment details using the check your Income Tax online service.\n\nYou can also tell HMRC about a change in income that may have affected your tax code.\n\n## Why your tax code might change\n\nHMRC may update your tax code if:\n\n- you start to get income from an additional job or pension\n\n- your employer tells HMRC you have started or stopped getting benefits from your job\n\n- you get taxable state benefits\n\n- you claim Marriage Allowance\n\n- you claim expenses that you get tax relief on\n\nYou may also be put on an emergency tax code if you change jobs.\n\n## What your tax code means\n\nYour tax code is made up of several numbers and a letter.\n\n1257L is the tax code currently used for most people who have one job or pension.\n\nHMRC will usually contact you to explain how they worked out your individual tax code if your tax code changes.\n\n## What the numbers mean\n\nThe numbers in your tax code tell your employer or pension provider how much tax-free income you get in that tax year.\n\nHMRC works out your individual number based on your tax-free Personal Allowance and income you have not paid tax on (such as untaxed interest or part-time earnings). They also consider the value of any benefits from your job (such as a company car).\n\n## What the letters mean\n\nLetters in your tax code refer to your situation and how it affects your Personal Allowance.\n\n| Letters | What they mean |\n\n| L | You\u2019re entitled to the standard tax-free Personal Allowance |\n\n| M | Marriage Allowance: you\u2019ve received a transfer of 10% of your partner\u2019s Personal Allowance |\n\n| N | Marriage Allowance: you\u2019ve transferred 10% of your Personal Allowance to your partner |\n\n| T | Your tax code includes other calculations to work out your Personal Allowance |\n\n| 0T | Your Personal Allowance has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code |\n\n| BR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| D0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| D1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the additional rate (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| NT | You\u2019re not paying any tax on this income |\n\n| S | Your income or pension is taxed using the rates in Scotland |\n\n| S0T | Your Personal Allowance (Scotland) has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code |\n\n| SBR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| SD0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the intermediate rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| SD1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| SD2 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the top rate in Scotland (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| C | Your income or pension is taxed using the rates in Wales |\n\n| C0T | Your Personal Allowance (Wales) has been used up, or you\u2019ve started a new job and your employer does not have the details they need to give you a tax code |\n\n| CBR | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the basic rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| CD0 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the higher rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n| CD1 | All your income from this job or pension is taxed at the additional rate in Wales (usually used if you\u2019ve got more than one job or pension) |\n\n## If your tax code has \u2018W1\u2019 or \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018X\u2019 at the end\n\nThese are emergency tax codes.\n\n## If your tax code has a \u2018K\u2019 at the beginning\n\nTax codes with \u2018K\u2019 at the beginning mean you have income that is not being taxed another way and it\u2019s worth more than your tax-free allowance.\n\nFor most people, this happens when you\u2019re:\n\n- paying tax you owe from a previous year through your wages or pension\n\n- getting benefits you need to pay tax on - these can be state benefits or company benefits\n\nYour employer or pension provider takes the tax due on the income that has not been taxed from your wages or pension - even if another organisation is paying the untaxed income to you.\n\nEmployers and pension providers cannot take more than half your pre-tax wages or pension when using a K tax code.\n\n## Emergency tax codes\n\nIf you\u2019re on an emergency tax code your payslip will show:\n\n- 1257 W1\n\n- 1257 M1\n\n- 1257 X\n\nThese mean you\u2019ll pay tax on all your income above the basic Personal Allowance.\n\nYou may be put on an emergency tax code if HMRC does not get your income details in time after a change in circumstances such as:\n\n- a new job\n\n- working for an employer after being self-employed\n\n- getting company benefits or the State Pension\n\nEmergency tax codes are temporary. HMRC will usually update your tax code when you or your employer give them your correct details. If your change in circumstances means you have not paid the right amount of tax, you\u2019ll stay on the emergency tax code until you\u2019ve paid the correct tax for the year.\n\n## Updating your details\n\nYour employer can help you update your tax code by sending details about your previous income or pension to HMRC.\n\n## If you\u2019ve started a new job\n\nGive your employer your P45 from your previous job. If you do not have a P45, your employer should ask you for the information they need instead.\n\n## If you\u2019ve started working for an employer after being self-employed\n\nYour employer should give you a \u2018starter checklist\u2019 - this is a form you can use to give them details about your previous employment.\n\n## If you\u2019ve started getting company benefits or the State Pension\n\nCheck your tax code online to make sure it includes the State Pension or company benefit. If they\u2019re not included, update your details in the tax code online service or by contacting HMRC.\n\nThe emergency tax code will stay in place until the end of the tax year. This means you\u2019ll pay the right amount of tax for the current tax year. In the new tax year HMRC will put you on a regular tax code.\n\n## Tell HMRC about a change in income\n\nIn most cases, HMRC will automatically update your tax code when your income changes, for example if you start a new job, start getting a pension or receive benefits or work expenses. They\u2019ll usually get this information from your employer.\n\nIf HMRC has the wrong information about your income, you may be given an incorrect tax code.\n\nTo correct your tax code, make sure HMRC has up-to-date details about your income.\n\nCheck what you need to do if you\u2019re on an emergency tax code.\n\n## Tell HMRC about a change\n\nYou can report a change in your income by either:\n\n- using the online check your Income Tax service\n\n- contacting HMRC\n\n## If you\u2019re contacting HMRC on someone else\u2019s behalf\n\nIf you need to tell HMRC about a change in someone else\u2019s income (for example, because you\u2019re their accountant) fill in a PAYE Coding Notice query form.\n\n## After you report your change\n\nHMRC will contact you if they change your tax code.\nThey will also tell your employer or pension provider that your tax code has changed.\n\nYour next payslip should show:\n\n- your new tax code\n\n- adjustments to your pay if you were paying the wrong amount of tax\n\n## Get a tax refund or pay the tax you owe\n\nIf HMRC update your tax code and you\u2019ve paid too much or too little tax, HMRC will send you a P800 or a Simple Assessment tax calculation. This will enable you to get a refund or pay what you owe.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-codes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I started a new job a couple of weeks ago as an employee. I have yet to pay tax. It is my first job as I can now legally work. I only work 17 hours.", + "original_question": "Will any tax due be sorted out for me?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1065", + "question": "Scenario: I am English, and I will be moving to Scotland in December. I will be living and working in Scotland for 4 months of the next tax year.\n\nQuestion: Do I pay income tax in Scotland?\n\nDocument - Income Tax in Scotland:\n## Current rates\n\nYou pay Scottish Income Tax if you live in Scotland. It\u2019s paid to the Scottish Government.\n\nScottish Income Tax applies to your wages, pension and most other taxable income.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay the same tax as the rest of the UK on dividends and savings interest.\n\n## What you\u2019ll pay\n\nThe table shows the 2021 to 2022 Scottish Income Tax rates you pay in each band if you have a standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,570. You do not get a Personal Allowance if you earn over \u00a3125,140.\n\n| Band | Taxable income | Scottish tax rate |\n\n| Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0% |\n\n| Starter rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a314,667 | 19% |\n\n| Basic rate | \u00a314,668 to \u00a325,296 | 20% |\n\n| Intermediate rate | \u00a325,297 to \u00a343,662 | 21% |\n\n| Higher rate | \u00a343,663 to \u00a3150,000 | 41% |\n\n| Top rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 46% |\n\n## Who pays\n\nYou pay Scottish Income Tax if you live in Scotland.\n\nYou may also pay Scottish Income Tax if you:\n\n- move to or from Scotland\n\n- live in a home in Scotland and one elsewhere in the UK, for example for work\n\n- do not have a home and stay in Scotland regularly, for example you stay offshore or in hotels\n\n## How you pay\n\nIf you\u2019re employed or get a pension, your tax code will start with an \u2018S\u2019. This tells your employer or pension provider to deduct tax at the Scottish rate.\n\nYour tax code will be S1250L if you pay Scottish Income Tax and get the standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,500.\n\nIf you fill in an online Self Assessment tax return, there\u2019s a box for you to tell HMRC that you pay Scottish Income Tax.\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If you move to or from Scotland\n\nYou pay Scottish Income Tax if you move to Scotland and live there for a longer period than anywhere else in the UK during a tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).\n\nYou must tell HMRC of your new address if you move to or from Scotland. You may pay tax at the wrong rate if you do not.\n\n## If HMRC changes your tax rate\n\nThe new rate you pay will be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April) in which you moved. The tax taken from your wages or pension will be adjusted automatically so you pay the right amount across the whole year.\n\n## If you live in more than one home\n\nYou need to know which is your main home if you have one in Scotland and one somewhere else in the UK.\n\n## What counts as your main home\n\nYour main home is usually where you live and spend most of your time.\n\nIt does not matter whether you own it, rent it or live in it for free.\n\nYour main home may be the home where you spend less time if that\u2019s where:\n\n- most of your possessions are\n\n- your family lives, if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you\u2019re registered for things like your bank account, GP or car insurance\n\n- you\u2019re a member of clubs or societies\n\nThis might apply to you if you live away because of your work, for example you\u2019re a lorry driver, an offshore worker or in the armed forces.\n\nYou can contact HMRC to change which home counts as your main one.\n\n## If you\u2019re not sure which is your main home\n\nHMRC has detailed information about working out which is your main home, including if:\n\n- you\u2019re a mobile worker, for example your job means you travel most of the time\n\n- you\u2019re a student\n\n- you do not have a permanent home\n\n## 2020 to 2021 tax year\n\nYou pay a different rate of tax for income from the tax year 6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021.\n\n| Band | Taxable income | Scottish tax rate |\n\n| Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,500 | 0% |\n\n| Starter rate | \u00a312,501 to \u00a314,585 | 19% |\n\n| Basic rate | \u00a314,586 to \u00a325,158 | 20% |\n\n| Intermediate rate | \u00a325,159 to \u00a343,430 | 21% |\n\n| Higher rate | \u00a343,431 to \u00a3150,000 | 41% |\n\n| Top rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 46% |\n\nIt applies to your wages, pension and most other taxable income.\n\nYou pay the same tax as the rest of the UK on dividends and savings interest.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scottish-income-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am English, and I will be moving to Scotland in December. I will be living and working in Scotland for 4 months of the next tax year.", + "original_question": "Do I pay income tax in Scotland?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1068", + "question": "Scenario: I own a small sailing boat that I have had for the past eight years. As it was inherited I do not know it's original value. I wish to sell it on the internet.\n\nQuestion: Will I run into a tax problem because I don't know how much the boat initially cost?\n\nDocument - Capital Gains Tax:\n## Overview\n\nCapital Gains Tax is a tax on the profit when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) something (an \u2018asset\u2019) that\u2019s increased in value.\n\nIt\u2019s the gain you make that\u2019s taxed, not the amount of money you receive.\n\nSome assets are tax-free. You also do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax if all your gains in a year are under your tax-free allowance.\n\n## Disposing of an asset\n\nDisposing of an asset includes:\n\n- selling it\n\n- giving it away as a gift, or transferring it to someone else\n\n- swapping it for something else\n\n- getting compensation for it - like an insurance payout if it\u2019s been lost or destroyed\n\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax on the gain when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019):\n\n- most personal possessions worth \u00a36,000 or more, apart from your car\n\n- property that\u2019s not your main home\n\n- your main home if you\u2019ve let it out, used it for business or it\u2019s very large\n\n- shares that are not in an ISA or PEP\n\n- business assets\n\nThese are known as \u2018chargeable assets\u2019.\n\nIf you sell or give away cryptoassets (like cryptocurrency or bitcoin) you should check if you have to pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nDepending on the asset, you may be able to reduce any tax you pay by claiming a relief.\n\nIf you dispose of an asset you jointly own with someone else, you have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your share of the gain.\n\n## When you do not pay it\n\nYou only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your total gains above an annual tax-free allowance.\n\nYou do not usually pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\n## What you do not pay it on\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax on certain assets, including any gains you make from:\n\n- ISAs or PEPs\n\n- UK government gilts and Premium Bonds\n\n- betting, lottery or pools winnings\n\n## When someone dies\n\nWhen you inherit an asset, Inheritance Tax is usually paid by the estate of the person who\u2019s died. You only have to work out if you need to pay Capital Gains Tax if you later dispose of the asset.\n\n## Overseas assets\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax even if your asset is overseas.\n\nThere are special rules if you\u2019re a UK resident but not \u2018domiciled\u2019 and claim the \u2018remittance basis\u2019.\n\n## If you\u2019re abroad\n\nYou have to pay tax on gains you make on property and land in the UK even if you\u2019re non-resident for tax purposes. You do not pay Capital Gains Tax on other UK assets, for example shares in UK companies, unless you return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax allowances\n\nYou only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your overall gains above your tax-free allowance (called the Annual Exempt Amount).\n\nThe Capital Gains tax-free allowance is:\n\n- \u00a312,300\n\n- \u00a36,150 for trusts\n\nYou can see tax-free allowances for previous years.\n\nYou may also be able to reduce your tax bill by deducting losses or claiming reliefs - this depends on the asset.\n\n## Gifts to your spouse or charity\n\nThere are special rules for Capital Gains Tax on gifts or assets you dispose of to:\n\n- your spouse or civil partner\n\n- charity\n\nThe normal rules apply for gifts to others.\n\n## Your spouse or civil partner\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your husband, wife or civil partner, unless:\n\n- you separated and did not live together at all in that tax year\n\n- you gave them goods for their business to sell on\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If they later sell the asset\n\nYour spouse or civil partner may have to pay tax on any gain if they later dispose of the asset.\n\nTheir gain will be calculated on the difference in value between when you first owned the asset and when they disposed of it.\n\nIf this was before April 1982, your spouse or civil partner should work out their gain using the market value on 31 March 1982 instead.\n\nThey should keep a record of what you paid for the asset.\n\n## Gifts to charity\n\nYou do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give away to charity.\n\nYou may have to pay if you sell an asset to charity for both:\n\n- more than you paid for it\n\n- less than market value\n\nWork out your gain using the amount the charity actually pays you, rather than the value of the asset.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nYou need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell an asset if your total taxable gains are above your annual Capital Gains Tax allowance.\n\n## Work out your total taxable gains\n\n- Work out the gain for each asset (or your share of an asset if it\u2019s jointly owned). Do this for the personal possessions, shares, property or business assets you\u2019ve disposed of in the tax year.\n\n- Add together the gains from each asset.\n\n- Deduct any allowable losses.\n\nThe tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax if your taxable gains are above your allowance.\n\n## If your total gains are less than the tax-free allowance\n\nYou do not have to pay tax if your total taxable gains are under your Capital Gains Tax allowance.\n\nYou still need to report your gains in your tax return if both of the following apply:\n\n- the total amount you sold the assets for was more than 4 times your allowance\n\n- you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment\n\nThere are different rules for reporting a loss.\n\n## If you\u2019re non-resident\n\nYou need to tell HMRC when you sell property or land even if your gain is below the tax-free allowance or you make a loss. Non-residents do not pay tax on other capital gains.\n\n## Report and pay Capital Gains Tax\n\nHow and when you report Capital Gains Tax over your annual allowance depends on what you made the gain on.\n\nThere are different ways to report and pay Capital Gains Tax due on:\n\n- UK residential property sold since 6 April 2020\n\n- any other gains\n\nTo report any capital gains you\u2019ll need:\n\n- calculations for each capital gain or loss you report\n\n- details of how much you bought and sold the asset for\n\n- the dates when you took ownership and disposed of the asset\n\n- any other relevant details, such as the costs of disposing of the asset and any tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to\n\n## If you sold property in the UK on or after 6 April 2020\n\nYou must report and pay any tax due on UK residential property using a Capital Gains Tax on UK property account within 30 days of selling it.\n\nYou may have to pay interest and a penalty if you do not report gains on UK property within 30 days of selling it.\n\nSign in or create a Capital Gains Tax on UK property account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password to set your account up or sign in. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one the first time you sign in.\n\nOnce you have an account you can sign in at any time to report Capital Gains Tax on UK property or see any returns you\u2019ve already sent.\n\n## If you\u2019re not resident in the UK\n\nYou must report sales of UK property as a non-resident within 30 days, even if you have no tax to pay.\n\n## If you\u2019re reporting on behalf of someone else or a trust\n\nYou need to use your own Capital Gains Tax on UK property account to report on behalf of someone else.\n\nYou\u2019ll need proof you\u2019re allowed to report on their behalf, such as a lasting power of attorney. If the person has died, you\u2019ll need to give their date of death.\n\nIf you\u2019re reporting as a trustee of a registered trust, you\u2019ll need the trust\u2019s registration number or unique tax reference.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to report your client\u2019s Capital Gains Tax on UK property as an agent.\n\n## If you have other capital gains to report\n\nIf your gain is not from residential property sold in the UK since 6 April 2020, you have a choice of how and when to report the tax.\n\n## Report and pay the tax straightaway\n\nYou can use the \u2018real time\u2019 Capital Gains Tax service immediately if you know what you owe.\n\nYou need to report your gain by 31 December in the tax year after you made the gain. For example, if you made a gain in the 2020 to 2021 tax year, you need to report it by 31 December 2021.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you report and pay.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve reported your gains, HMRC will send you a letter or email giving you a payment reference number and telling you how to pay.\n\nIf you need to change your report using the service, you\u2019ll need your report reference number starting with \u2018RTT\u2019. You\u2019ll get it by email within 10 days.\n\n## Report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the following tax year\n\nYou can report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the tax year after you disposed of assets.\n\nDo not wait until the next tax year to report gains on UK residential property sold since 6 April 2020. You may have to pay interest and a penalty if you do.\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, register for Self Assessment after the tax year you disposed of your chargeable assets.\n\nYou can get help with your tax return from an accountant or tax adviser.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve sent your return HMRC will tell you how much you owe in Capital Gains Tax, how to pay and when to pay by.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax rates\n\nYou pay a different rate of tax on gains from residential property than you do on other assets.\n\nYou do not usually pay tax when you sell your home.\n\n## If you pay higher rate Income Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re a higher or additional rate taxpayer you\u2019ll pay:\n\n- 28% on your gains from residential property\n\n- 20% on your gains from other chargeable assets\n\n## If you pay basic rate Income Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer, the rate you pay depends on the size of your gain, your taxable income and whether your gain is from residential property or other assets.\n\n- Work out how much taxable income you have - this is your income minus your Personal Allowance and any other Income Tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to.\n\n- Work out your total taxable gains.\n\n- Deduct your tax-free allowance from your total taxable gains.\n\n- Add this amount to your taxable income.\n\n- If this amount is within the basic Income Tax band you\u2019ll pay 10% on your gains (or 18% on residential property). You\u2019ll pay 20% (or 28% on residential property) on any amount above the basic tax rate.\n\n## If you have gains from both residential property and other assets\n\nYou can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).\n\n## If you\u2019re a trustee or business\n\nTrustees or personal representatives of someone who\u2019s died pay:\n\n- 28% on residential property\n\n- 20% on other chargeable assets\n\nYou\u2019ll pay 10% if you\u2019re a sole trader or partnership and your gains qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\n## If you make a loss\n\nYou can report losses on a chargeable asset to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to reduce your total taxable gains.\n\nLosses used in this way are called \u2018allowable losses\u2019.\n\n## Using losses to reduce your gain\n\nWhen you report a loss, the amount is deducted from the gains you made in the same tax year.\n\nIf your total taxable gain is still above the tax-free allowance, you can deduct unused losses from previous tax years. If they reduce your gain to the tax-free allowance, you can carry forward the remaining losses to a future tax year.\n\n## Reporting losses\n\nClaim for your loss by including it on your tax return. If you\u2019ve never made a gain and are not registered for Self Assessment, you can write to HMRC instead.\n\nYou do not have to report losses straight away - you can claim up to 4 years after the end of the tax year that you disposed of the asset.\n\nThere\u2019s an exception for losses made before 5 April 1996, which you can still claim for. You must deduct these after any more recent losses.\n\n## Losses when disposing of assets to family and others\n\n## Your husband, wife or civil partner\n\nYou usually do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your spouse or civil partner. You cannot claim losses against these assets.\n\n## Other family members and \u2018connected people\u2019\n\nYou cannot deduct a loss from giving, selling or disposing of an asset to a family member unless you\u2019re offsetting a gain from the same person.\n\nThis also applies to \u2018connected people\u2019 like business partners.\n\n## Connected people\n\nHMRC defines connected people as including:\n\n- your brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, children and grandchildren, and their husbands, wives or civil partners\n\n- the brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, children and grandchildren of your husband, wife or civil partner - and their husbands, wives or civil partners\n\n- business partners\n\n- a company you control\n\n- trustees where you\u2019re the \u2018settlor\u2019 (or someone connected to you is)\n\n## Claiming for an asset that\u2019s lost its value\n\nYou can claim losses on assets that you still own if they become worthless or of \u2018negligible value\u2019.\n\nHMRC has guidance on how to make a negligible value claim.\n\n## Special rules\n\nHMRC has guidance on the special rules for losses:\n\n- when someone dies\n\n- if you\u2019re non-resident and sell UK property or land\n\n- if you\u2019ve temporarily lived abroad as a \u2018non-resident\u2019\n\n- from your income on shares that are unquoted or in the Enterprise Investment Scheme\n\n- on overseas assets if you\u2019re \u2018non-domiciled\u2019 in the UK and have claimed the \u2018remittance basis\u2019\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou need to collect records to work out your gains and fill in your tax return. You must keep them for at least a year after the Self Assessment deadline.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep records for longer if you sent your tax return late or HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) have started a check into your return.\n\nBusinesses must keep records for 5 years after the deadline.\n\n## Records you\u2019ll need\n\nKeep receipts, bills and invoices that show the date and the amount:\n\n- you paid for an asset\n\n- of any additional costs like fees for professional advice, Stamp Duty, improvement costs, or to establish the market value\n\n- you received for the asset - including things like payments you get later in instalments, or compensation if the asset was damaged\n\nAlso keep any contracts for buying and selling the asset (for example from solicitors or stockbrokers) and copies of any valuations.\n\n## If you do not have records\n\nYou must try to recreate your records if you cannot replace them after they\u2019ve been lost, stolen or destroyed.\n\nIf you fill in your tax return using recreated records, you\u2019ll need to show where figures are:\n\n- estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final\n\n- provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with the actual figures\n\n## Market value\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your asset and what you sold it for.\n\nThere are some situations where you use the market value instead.\n\n| Situation | Use market value at |\n\n| Gifts | Date of gift |\n\n| Assets sold for less than they were worth to help the buyer | Date of sale |\n\n| Inherited assets where you do not know the Inheritance Tax value | Date of death |\n\n| Assets owned before April 1982 | 31 March 1982 |\n\n## Checking the market value\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can check your valuation.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve disposed of the asset, complete a \u2018Post-transaction valuation check\u2019 form. Return it to the address on the form - allow at least 3 months for HMRC\u2019s response.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a small sailing boat that I have had for the past eight years. As it was inherited I do not know it's original value. I wish to sell it on the internet.", + "original_question": "Will I run into a tax problem because I don't know how much the boat initially cost?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1069", + "question": "Scenario: I own a small apartment in Spain that I visit once or twice a year and otherwise rent out. I am considering selling it and feel I could make a considerable profit.\n\nQuestion: Might I have to pay capital gains tax?\n\nDocument - Capital Gains Tax:\n## Overview\n\nCapital Gains Tax is a tax on the profit when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) something (an \u2018asset\u2019) that\u2019s increased in value.\n\nIt\u2019s the gain you make that\u2019s taxed, not the amount of money you receive.\n\nSome assets are tax-free. You also do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax if all your gains in a year are under your tax-free allowance.\n\n## Disposing of an asset\n\nDisposing of an asset includes:\n\n- selling it\n\n- giving it away as a gift, or transferring it to someone else\n\n- swapping it for something else\n\n- getting compensation for it - like an insurance payout if it\u2019s been lost or destroyed\n\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax on the gain when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019):\n\n- most personal possessions worth \u00a36,000 or more, apart from your car\n\n- property that\u2019s not your main home\n\n- your main home if you\u2019ve let it out, used it for business or it\u2019s very large\n\n- shares that are not in an ISA or PEP\n\n- business assets\n\nThese are known as \u2018chargeable assets\u2019.\n\nIf you sell or give away cryptoassets (like cryptocurrency or bitcoin) you should check if you have to pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nDepending on the asset, you may be able to reduce any tax you pay by claiming a relief.\n\nIf you dispose of an asset you jointly own with someone else, you have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your share of the gain.\n\n## When you do not pay it\n\nYou only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your total gains above an annual tax-free allowance.\n\nYou do not usually pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\n## What you do not pay it on\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax on certain assets, including any gains you make from:\n\n- ISAs or PEPs\n\n- UK government gilts and Premium Bonds\n\n- betting, lottery or pools winnings\n\n## When someone dies\n\nWhen you inherit an asset, Inheritance Tax is usually paid by the estate of the person who\u2019s died. You only have to work out if you need to pay Capital Gains Tax if you later dispose of the asset.\n\n## Overseas assets\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax even if your asset is overseas.\n\nThere are special rules if you\u2019re a UK resident but not \u2018domiciled\u2019 and claim the \u2018remittance basis\u2019.\n\n## If you\u2019re abroad\n\nYou have to pay tax on gains you make on property and land in the UK even if you\u2019re non-resident for tax purposes. You do not pay Capital Gains Tax on other UK assets, for example shares in UK companies, unless you return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax allowances\n\nYou only have to pay Capital Gains Tax on your overall gains above your tax-free allowance (called the Annual Exempt Amount).\n\nThe Capital Gains tax-free allowance is:\n\n- \u00a312,300\n\n- \u00a36,150 for trusts\n\nYou can see tax-free allowances for previous years.\n\nYou may also be able to reduce your tax bill by deducting losses or claiming reliefs - this depends on the asset.\n\n## Gifts to your spouse or charity\n\nThere are special rules for Capital Gains Tax on gifts or assets you dispose of to:\n\n- your spouse or civil partner\n\n- charity\n\nThe normal rules apply for gifts to others.\n\n## Your spouse or civil partner\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your husband, wife or civil partner, unless:\n\n- you separated and did not live together at all in that tax year\n\n- you gave them goods for their business to sell on\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If they later sell the asset\n\nYour spouse or civil partner may have to pay tax on any gain if they later dispose of the asset.\n\nTheir gain will be calculated on the difference in value between when you first owned the asset and when they disposed of it.\n\nIf this was before April 1982, your spouse or civil partner should work out their gain using the market value on 31 March 1982 instead.\n\nThey should keep a record of what you paid for the asset.\n\n## Gifts to charity\n\nYou do not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give away to charity.\n\nYou may have to pay if you sell an asset to charity for both:\n\n- more than you paid for it\n\n- less than market value\n\nWork out your gain using the amount the charity actually pays you, rather than the value of the asset.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nYou need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell an asset if your total taxable gains are above your annual Capital Gains Tax allowance.\n\n## Work out your total taxable gains\n\n- Work out the gain for each asset (or your share of an asset if it\u2019s jointly owned). Do this for the personal possessions, shares, property or business assets you\u2019ve disposed of in the tax year.\n\n- Add together the gains from each asset.\n\n- Deduct any allowable losses.\n\nThe tax year runs from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax if your taxable gains are above your allowance.\n\n## If your total gains are less than the tax-free allowance\n\nYou do not have to pay tax if your total taxable gains are under your Capital Gains Tax allowance.\n\nYou still need to report your gains in your tax return if both of the following apply:\n\n- the total amount you sold the assets for was more than 4 times your allowance\n\n- you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment\n\nThere are different rules for reporting a loss.\n\n## If you\u2019re non-resident\n\nYou need to tell HMRC when you sell property or land even if your gain is below the tax-free allowance or you make a loss. Non-residents do not pay tax on other capital gains.\n\n## Report and pay Capital Gains Tax\n\nHow and when you report Capital Gains Tax over your annual allowance depends on what you made the gain on.\n\nThere are different ways to report and pay Capital Gains Tax due on:\n\n- UK residential property sold since 6 April 2020\n\n- any other gains\n\nTo report any capital gains you\u2019ll need:\n\n- calculations for each capital gain or loss you report\n\n- details of how much you bought and sold the asset for\n\n- the dates when you took ownership and disposed of the asset\n\n- any other relevant details, such as the costs of disposing of the asset and any tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to\n\n## If you sold property in the UK on or after 6 April 2020\n\nYou must report and pay any tax due on UK residential property using a Capital Gains Tax on UK property account within 30 days of selling it.\n\nYou may have to pay interest and a penalty if you do not report gains on UK property within 30 days of selling it.\n\nSign in or create a Capital Gains Tax on UK property account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password to set your account up or sign in. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one the first time you sign in.\n\nOnce you have an account you can sign in at any time to report Capital Gains Tax on UK property or see any returns you\u2019ve already sent.\n\n## If you\u2019re not resident in the UK\n\nYou must report sales of UK property as a non-resident within 30 days, even if you have no tax to pay.\n\n## If you\u2019re reporting on behalf of someone else or a trust\n\nYou need to use your own Capital Gains Tax on UK property account to report on behalf of someone else.\n\nYou\u2019ll need proof you\u2019re allowed to report on their behalf, such as a lasting power of attorney. If the person has died, you\u2019ll need to give their date of death.\n\nIf you\u2019re reporting as a trustee of a registered trust, you\u2019ll need the trust\u2019s registration number or unique tax reference.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to report your client\u2019s Capital Gains Tax on UK property as an agent.\n\n## If you have other capital gains to report\n\nIf your gain is not from residential property sold in the UK since 6 April 2020, you have a choice of how and when to report the tax.\n\n## Report and pay the tax straightaway\n\nYou can use the \u2018real time\u2019 Capital Gains Tax service immediately if you know what you owe.\n\nYou need to report your gain by 31 December in the tax year after you made the gain. For example, if you made a gain in the 2020 to 2021 tax year, you need to report it by 31 December 2021.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you report and pay.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve reported your gains, HMRC will send you a letter or email giving you a payment reference number and telling you how to pay.\n\nIf you need to change your report using the service, you\u2019ll need your report reference number starting with \u2018RTT\u2019. You\u2019ll get it by email within 10 days.\n\n## Report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the following tax year\n\nYou can report your gains in a Self Assessment tax return in the tax year after you disposed of assets.\n\nDo not wait until the next tax year to report gains on UK residential property sold since 6 April 2020. You may have to pay interest and a penalty if you do.\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, register for Self Assessment after the tax year you disposed of your chargeable assets.\n\nYou can get help with your tax return from an accountant or tax adviser.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve sent your return HMRC will tell you how much you owe in Capital Gains Tax, how to pay and when to pay by.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax rates\n\nYou pay a different rate of tax on gains from residential property than you do on other assets.\n\nYou do not usually pay tax when you sell your home.\n\n## If you pay higher rate Income Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re a higher or additional rate taxpayer you\u2019ll pay:\n\n- 28% on your gains from residential property\n\n- 20% on your gains from other chargeable assets\n\n## If you pay basic rate Income Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer, the rate you pay depends on the size of your gain, your taxable income and whether your gain is from residential property or other assets.\n\n- Work out how much taxable income you have - this is your income minus your Personal Allowance and any other Income Tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to.\n\n- Work out your total taxable gains.\n\n- Deduct your tax-free allowance from your total taxable gains.\n\n- Add this amount to your taxable income.\n\n- If this amount is within the basic Income Tax band you\u2019ll pay 10% on your gains (or 18% on residential property). You\u2019ll pay 20% (or 28% on residential property) on any amount above the basic tax rate.\n\n## If you have gains from both residential property and other assets\n\nYou can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).\n\n## If you\u2019re a trustee or business\n\nTrustees or personal representatives of someone who\u2019s died pay:\n\n- 28% on residential property\n\n- 20% on other chargeable assets\n\nYou\u2019ll pay 10% if you\u2019re a sole trader or partnership and your gains qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\n## If you make a loss\n\nYou can report losses on a chargeable asset to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to reduce your total taxable gains.\n\nLosses used in this way are called \u2018allowable losses\u2019.\n\n## Using losses to reduce your gain\n\nWhen you report a loss, the amount is deducted from the gains you made in the same tax year.\n\nIf your total taxable gain is still above the tax-free allowance, you can deduct unused losses from previous tax years. If they reduce your gain to the tax-free allowance, you can carry forward the remaining losses to a future tax year.\n\n## Reporting losses\n\nClaim for your loss by including it on your tax return. If you\u2019ve never made a gain and are not registered for Self Assessment, you can write to HMRC instead.\n\nYou do not have to report losses straight away - you can claim up to 4 years after the end of the tax year that you disposed of the asset.\n\nThere\u2019s an exception for losses made before 5 April 1996, which you can still claim for. You must deduct these after any more recent losses.\n\n## Losses when disposing of assets to family and others\n\n## Your husband, wife or civil partner\n\nYou usually do not pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you give or sell to your spouse or civil partner. You cannot claim losses against these assets.\n\n## Other family members and \u2018connected people\u2019\n\nYou cannot deduct a loss from giving, selling or disposing of an asset to a family member unless you\u2019re offsetting a gain from the same person.\n\nThis also applies to \u2018connected people\u2019 like business partners.\n\n## Connected people\n\nHMRC defines connected people as including:\n\n- your brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, children and grandchildren, and their husbands, wives or civil partners\n\n- the brothers, sisters, parents, grandparents, children and grandchildren of your husband, wife or civil partner - and their husbands, wives or civil partners\n\n- business partners\n\n- a company you control\n\n- trustees where you\u2019re the \u2018settlor\u2019 (or someone connected to you is)\n\n## Claiming for an asset that\u2019s lost its value\n\nYou can claim losses on assets that you still own if they become worthless or of \u2018negligible value\u2019.\n\nHMRC has guidance on how to make a negligible value claim.\n\n## Special rules\n\nHMRC has guidance on the special rules for losses:\n\n- when someone dies\n\n- if you\u2019re non-resident and sell UK property or land\n\n- if you\u2019ve temporarily lived abroad as a \u2018non-resident\u2019\n\n- from your income on shares that are unquoted or in the Enterprise Investment Scheme\n\n- on overseas assets if you\u2019re \u2018non-domiciled\u2019 in the UK and have claimed the \u2018remittance basis\u2019\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou need to collect records to work out your gains and fill in your tax return. You must keep them for at least a year after the Self Assessment deadline.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep records for longer if you sent your tax return late or HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) have started a check into your return.\n\nBusinesses must keep records for 5 years after the deadline.\n\n## Records you\u2019ll need\n\nKeep receipts, bills and invoices that show the date and the amount:\n\n- you paid for an asset\n\n- of any additional costs like fees for professional advice, Stamp Duty, improvement costs, or to establish the market value\n\n- you received for the asset - including things like payments you get later in instalments, or compensation if the asset was damaged\n\nAlso keep any contracts for buying and selling the asset (for example from solicitors or stockbrokers) and copies of any valuations.\n\n## If you do not have records\n\nYou must try to recreate your records if you cannot replace them after they\u2019ve been lost, stolen or destroyed.\n\nIf you fill in your tax return using recreated records, you\u2019ll need to show where figures are:\n\n- estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final\n\n- provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with the actual figures\n\n## Market value\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your asset and what you sold it for.\n\nThere are some situations where you use the market value instead.\n\n| Situation | Use market value at |\n\n| Gifts | Date of gift |\n\n| Assets sold for less than they were worth to help the buyer | Date of sale |\n\n| Inherited assets where you do not know the Inheritance Tax value | Date of death |\n\n| Assets owned before April 1982 | 31 March 1982 |\n\n## Checking the market value\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can check your valuation.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve disposed of the asset, complete a \u2018Post-transaction valuation check\u2019 form. Return it to the address on the form - allow at least 3 months for HMRC\u2019s response.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a small apartment in Spain that I visit once or twice a year and otherwise rent out. I am considering selling it and feel I could make a considerable profit.", + "original_question": "Might I have to pay capital gains tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1070", + "question": "Scenario: I have inherited jewellery and antique watches from my grandmother. I want to sell them and get the money to plan my wedding.\n\nQuestion: Am i supposed to pay capital gain tax?\n\nDocument - Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) a personal possession for \u00a36,000 or more.\n\nPossessions you may need to pay tax on include:\n\n- jewellery\n\n- paintings\n\n- antiques\n\n- coins and stamps\n\n- sets of things, eg matching vases or chessmen\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\n## When you don\u2019t pay it\n\nYou don\u2019t usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou don\u2019t pay Capital Gains Tax on:\n\n- your car - unless you\u2019ve used it for business\n\n- anything with a limited lifespan, eg clocks - unless used for business\n\n## Jointly owned possessions\n\nYou\u2019re exempt from paying tax on the first \u00a36,000 of your share if you own a possession with other people.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your personal possession and what you sold it for.\n\nUse the market value instead if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited it (and don\u2019t know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your personal possession from your gain.\n\nCosts you can deduct include:\n\n- fees, eg for valuing or advertising\n\n- costs to improve your possession (but not repairs)\n\n- VAT (unless you can reclaim it)\n\nYou can\u2019t deduct certain costs, including:\n\n- interest on a loan to buy your possession\n\n- costs you can claim as expenses, if you\u2019ve used your possession for business\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\n## If you sold it for between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000\n\nYou may be able to reduce your gain if you got between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000 for your possession when you sold or disposed of it.\n\n- Subtract \u00a36,000 from the amount you\u2019ve received.\n\n- Multiply this by 1.667.\n\n- Compare this with the actual gain - use the lower amount as your capital gain.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nWhen you know your gain, you can work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019ve used your possession for business, you can reduce or delay the tax you pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\nYou can claim losses for possessions sold for less than \u00a36,000. Work out your loss by using \u00a36,000 as the amount you sold your possession for, and report it in your tax return.\n\n## Possessions with a limited lifespan\n\nYou don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions with a lifespan of less than 50 years. This covers all machinery, and includes things like antique clocks or watches.\n\nDifferent rules apply if you\u2019ve used the possession for business. You don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax if it doesn\u2019t qualify for capital allowances. If it qualifies, you may need to pay Capital Gains Tax, but you can\u2019t claim losses.\n\n## Possessions that are part of a set\n\nIf you sell all or part of a set to the same person for less than \u00a36,000, you won\u2019t pay tax.\n\nIf you sell parts of a set to different people, you won\u2019t pay tax on each part sold for less than \u00a36,000.\n\nSets include things like chessmen, books by the same author, matching vases and sets of china.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-personal-possessions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have inherited jewellery and antique watches from my grandmother. I want to sell them and get the money to plan my wedding.", + "original_question": "Am i supposed to pay capital gain tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1071", + "question": "Scenario: My Uncle gifted me a new car for my birthday . I have other several cars and would like to sell the gift car and use the money to start up a salon shop.\n\nQuestion: Do i need to pay the capital gain tax from sale of the car?\n\nDocument - Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) a personal possession for \u00a36,000 or more.\n\nPossessions you may need to pay tax on include:\n\n- jewellery\n\n- paintings\n\n- antiques\n\n- coins and stamps\n\n- sets of things, eg matching vases or chessmen\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\n## When you don\u2019t pay it\n\nYou don\u2019t usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou don\u2019t pay Capital Gains Tax on:\n\n- your car - unless you\u2019ve used it for business\n\n- anything with a limited lifespan, eg clocks - unless used for business\n\n## Jointly owned possessions\n\nYou\u2019re exempt from paying tax on the first \u00a36,000 of your share if you own a possession with other people.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your personal possession and what you sold it for.\n\nUse the market value instead if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited it (and don\u2019t know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your personal possession from your gain.\n\nCosts you can deduct include:\n\n- fees, eg for valuing or advertising\n\n- costs to improve your possession (but not repairs)\n\n- VAT (unless you can reclaim it)\n\nYou can\u2019t deduct certain costs, including:\n\n- interest on a loan to buy your possession\n\n- costs you can claim as expenses, if you\u2019ve used your possession for business\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\n## If you sold it for between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000\n\nYou may be able to reduce your gain if you got between \u00a36,000 and \u00a315,000 for your possession when you sold or disposed of it.\n\n- Subtract \u00a36,000 from the amount you\u2019ve received.\n\n- Multiply this by 1.667.\n\n- Compare this with the actual gain - use the lower amount as your capital gain.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nWhen you know your gain, you can work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019ve used your possession for business, you can reduce or delay the tax you pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\nYou can claim losses for possessions sold for less than \u00a36,000. Work out your loss by using \u00a36,000 as the amount you sold your possession for, and report it in your tax return.\n\n## Possessions with a limited lifespan\n\nYou don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax on personal possessions with a lifespan of less than 50 years. This covers all machinery, and includes things like antique clocks or watches.\n\nDifferent rules apply if you\u2019ve used the possession for business. You don\u2019t have to pay Capital Gains Tax if it doesn\u2019t qualify for capital allowances. If it qualifies, you may need to pay Capital Gains Tax, but you can\u2019t claim losses.\n\n## Possessions that are part of a set\n\nIf you sell all or part of a set to the same person for less than \u00a36,000, you won\u2019t pay tax.\n\nIf you sell parts of a set to different people, you won\u2019t pay tax on each part sold for less than \u00a36,000.\n\nSets include things like chessmen, books by the same author, matching vases and sets of china.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-personal-possessions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Uncle gifted me a new car for my birthday . I have other several cars and would like to sell the gift car and use the money to start up a salon shop.", + "original_question": "Do i need to pay the capital gain tax from sale of the car?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1073", + "question": "Scenario: I am a French national and living in the UK and runs a pub . I want to pay for class 2 national insurance . I want to set up a direct debit to make the payments to HMRC.\n\nQuestion: Can it be use as a payment method?\n\nDocument - Pay Class 2 National Insurance if you do not pay through Self Assessment:\n## Overview\n\nYou make Class 2 National Insurance contributions if you\u2019re self-employed to qualify for benefits like the State Pension.\n\nMost people pay the contributions as part of their Self Assessment tax bill.\n\nYou cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you do not pay through Self Assessment\n\nYou do not pay through Self Assessment if you\u2019re any of the following:\n\n- an examiner, moderator, invigilator or person who set exam questions\n\n- running a businesses involving land or property\n\n- a minister of religion who does not receive a salary or stipend\n\n- living abroad and paying voluntary Class 2 contributions\n\n- a person who makes investments - but not as a business and without getting a fee or commission\n\n- a non-UK resident who\u2019s self-employed in the UK\n\n- working abroad\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a payment request by the end of October - call the newly self-employed helpline if you do not get one.\n\nPay now\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nMake sure your payment reaches HMRC by the deadline. The time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can make same or next day payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- by CHAPS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\nYou can pay within 3 days by BACS.\n\nYou can pay within 21 working days by Direct Debit if you have not set one up before.\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before it (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments).\n\n## If you miss the deadline\n\nYou might have to pay more to fill the gap in your National Insurance record. HMRC will write to you to tell you how much you need to pay.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\n## Paying from the UK\n\nUse your online or telephone banking account to make your payment to the following HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) bank account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 20 | 12001004 | HMRC NICO |\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse the 18-digit reference number shown on your HMRC payment request, when you make a payment. Do not leave any spaces between the digits.\n\nIf you do not have an 18-digit reference number you can get help from the National Insurance Helpline.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) will usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nIf you\u2019re paying from abroad, the account you pay into depends on whether you\u2019re using a UK or non-UK account.\n\n| Account type | Sort code | Account number |\n\n| UK | 20 20 48 | 30944793 |\n\n| Account type | Account number (IBAN) | Bank Identifier Code (BIC) |\n\n| Non-UK | GB49BARC20204830944793 | BARCGB22 |\n\nFor either account, pay to account name \u2018HMRC NIC receipts\u2019.\n\n## Reference number\n\nUse your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019, your surname then your initial. If your bank limits you to a certain amount of characters, you should use your National Insurance number followed by \u2018IC\u2019 and as much of your surname as possible.\n\nIf you\u2019re an employer paying for an employee living abroad, you should use your 13-character employer number.\n\n## Banking address\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nPay at a branch by cash or cheque, along with your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) payslip.\n\nSome branches might be closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou\u2019ll find your payslip on the payment request HMRC sent you.\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your Class 2 National Insurance reference number on the back of your cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the payslip or the payment request sent to you by HMRC.\n\nIf you pay between Monday and Friday, HMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou cannot currently pay by cheque through the post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still make payments:\n\n- by online or telephone banking\n\n- by CHAPS or BACS\n\n- at your bank or building society, if it\u2019s still open\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020\n\nCall HMRC if you want to check your payment has been received.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nFill in the form to set up a new Direct Debit.\n\nIf you live abroad and pay voluntary National Insurance, fill in the form at the end of leaflet NI38 instead.\n\nAllow 21 days to set up a new Direct Debit.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a letter telling you when payments will be taken and how much they will be.\n\nPayments will appear on your statement as \u2018HMRC NI-DD\u2019. HMRC will write to you if your payments change for any reason.\n\nIf you have a question about your Direct Debit payments contact National Insurance enquiries.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-class-2-national-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a French national and living in the UK and runs a pub . I want to pay for class 2 national insurance . I want to set up a direct debit to make the payments to HMRC.", + "original_question": "Can it be use as a payment method?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1074", + "question": "Scenario: I pay for my fuel to visit accountancy clients. I have been reimbursed by my employer for these fuel expenses.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim tax relief for these fuel expenses?\n\nDocument - Claim tax relief for your job expenses:\n## Overview\n\nYou might be able to claim tax relief if:\n\n- you use your own money for things that you must buy for your job\n\n- you only use these things for your work\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief if your employer either gives you:\n\n- all the money back\n\n- an alternative, for example your employer gives you a laptop but you want a different type or model\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou must have paid tax in the year. You\u2019ll get tax relief based on what you\u2019ve spent and the rate at which you pay tax.\n\nFor some claims, you must keep records of what you\u2019ve spent. You must claim within 4 years of the end of the tax year that you spent the money.\n\nIf your claim is for the current tax year, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will usually make any adjustments needed through your tax code.\n\nIf your claim is for previous tax years, HMRC will either make adjustments through your tax code or give you a tax refund.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Working from home\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief for additional household costs if you have to work at home on a regular basis, either for all or part of the week. This includes if you have to work from home because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief if you choose to work from home.\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief for:\n\n- gas and electricity\n\n- metered water\n\n- business phone calls, including dial-up internet access\n\nYou cannot claim for the whole bill, just the part that relates to your work.\n\nYou may also be able to claim tax relief on equipment you\u2019ve bought, such as a laptop, chair or mobile phone.\n\n## How much you can claim\n\nYou can either claim tax relief on:\n\n- \u00a36 a week from 6 April 2020 (for previous tax years the rate is \u00a34 a week) - you will not need to keep evidence of your extra costs\n\n- the exact amount of extra costs you\u2019ve incurred above the weekly amount - you\u2019ll need evidence such as receipts, bills or contracts\n\nYou\u2019ll get tax relief based on the rate at which you pay tax. For example, if you pay the 20% basic rate of tax and claim tax relief on \u00a36 a week you would get \u00a31.20 per week in tax relief (20% of \u00a36).\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Uniforms, work clothing and tools\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief on the cost of:\n\n- repairing or replacing small tools you need to do your job (for example, scissors or an electric drill)\n\n- cleaning, repairing or replacing specialist clothing (for example, a uniform or safety boots)\n\nYou cannot claim relief on the initial cost of buying small tools or clothing for work.\n\n## Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief for PPE. If your job requires you to use PPE your employer should either:\n\n- give you PPE free of charge\n\n- ask you to buy it and reimburse you the costs\n\n## How much you can claim\n\nYou can either claim:\n\n- the actual amount you\u2019ve spent - you\u2019ll need to keep receipts\n\n- an agreed fixed amount (a \u2018flat rate expense\u2019 or \u2018flat rate deduction\u2019)\n\nCheck if your job has an agreed flat rate expense.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Vehicles you use for work\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief if you use cars, vans, motorcycles or bicycles for work.\n\nThis does not include travelling to and from your work, unless it\u2019s a temporary place of work.\n\nHow much you can claim depends on whether you\u2019re using:\n\n- a vehicle that you\u2019ve bought or leased with your own money\n\n- a vehicle owned or leased by your employer (a company vehicle)\n\n## Using your own vehicle for work\n\nIf you use your own vehicle or vehicles for work, you may be able to claim tax relief on the approved mileage rate. This covers the cost of owning and running your vehicle. You cannot claim separately for things like:\n\n- fuel\n\n- electricity\n\n- road tax\n\n- MOTs\n\n- repairs\n\nTo work out how much you can claim for each tax year you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- keep records of the dates and mileage or your work journeys\n\n- add up the mileage for each vehicle type you\u2019ve used for work\n\n- take away any amount your employer pays you towards your costs, (sometimes called a \u2018mileage allowance\u2019)\n\n## Approved mileage rates\n\n| | First 10,000 business miles in the tax year | Each business mile over 10,000 in the tax year |\n\n| Cars and vans | 45p | 25p |\n\n| Motorcycles | 24p | 24p |\n\n| Bicycles | 20p | 20p |\n\n## Using a company car for business\n\nYou can claim tax relief on the money you\u2019ve spent on fuel and electricity, for business trips in your company car. Keep records to show the actual cost of the fuel.\n\nIf your employer reimburses some of the money, you can claim relief on the difference.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Professional fees and subscriptions\n\nYou can claim tax relief on:\n\n- professional membership fees, if you must pay the fees to be able to do your job\n\n- annual subscriptions you pay to approved professional bodies or learned societies if being a member of that body or society is relevant to your job\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief on life membership subscriptions, or for professional membership fees or annual subscriptions you:\n\n- have not paid yourself (for example if your employer has paid for them)\n\n- have paid to professional organisations that are not approved by HMRC\n\nYour organisation can tell you how much tax you\u2019re allowed to claim back.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Travel and overnight expenses\n\nIf you have to travel for your work you may be able to claim tax relief on the cost or money you\u2019ve spent on food or overnight expenses.\n\nYou cannot claim for travelling to and from work, unless you\u2019re travelling to a temporary place of work.\n\nYou can claim tax relief for money you\u2019ve spent on things like:\n\n- public transport costs\n\n- hotel accommodation if you have to stay overnight\n\n- food and drink\n\n- congestion charges and tolls\n\n- parking fees\n\n- business phone calls and printing costs\n\nYou may also be able to claim tax relief on business mileage.\n\nCheck if you can claim\n\n## Buying other equipment\n\nIn most cases you can claim tax relief on the full cost of substantial equipment, for example a computer, you have to buy to do your work. This is because it qualifies for a type of capital allowance called annual investment allowance.\n\nYou cannot claim capital allowances for cars, motorcycles or bicycles you use for work, but you may be able to claim for business mileage and fuel costs.\n\nYou claim in a different way for small items that\u2019ll last less than 2 years, such as uniforms and tools.\n\nYou can only claim tax relief for equipment expenses if:\n\n- you need it to do your job\n\n- you use the equipment for work and there\u2019s no significant private use - this includes using the equipment according to your organisation\u2019s policy\n\n## If your employer gives you money for the item\n\nReduce the amount you claim tax relief on by the amount of money your employer gives you.\n\nCheck if you can claim", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-relief-for-employees", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I pay for my fuel to visit accountancy clients. I have been reimbursed by my employer for these fuel expenses.", + "original_question": "Can I claim tax relief for these fuel expenses?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1076", + "question": "Scenario: I was born on the 19th January 1934. I am separated and pay maintenance payments to my wife. I am looking at applying for the maintenance payment relief.\n\nQuestion: Would I be eligible for this relief?\n\nDocument - National Insurance and tax after State Pension age:\n## Overview\n\nYou do not pay National Insurance after you reach State Pension age - unless you\u2019re self-employed and pay Class 4 contributions. You stop paying Class 4 contributions at the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou only pay Income Tax if your taxable income - including your private pension and State Pension - is more than your tax-free allowances (the amount of income you\u2019re allowed before you pay tax).\n\nYou must contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think you should be paying tax.\n\n## Stop paying National Insurance\n\nYou pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits including the State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re employed, you pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions as a percentage of your earnings up to State Pension age.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed, you pay Class 2 contributions at a flat weekly rate and Class 4 contributions annually as a percentage of your taxable profits.\n\n## What happens at State Pension age\n\nYou stop paying Class 1 and Class 2 contributions when you reach State Pension age - even if you\u2019re still working.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue paying Class 4 contributions until the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.\n\nFor example, you reach State Pension age on 6 September 2021. You\u2019ll stop making Class 4 contributions on 5 April 2022 and pay your final Class 4 bill by 31 January 2023, together with your Income Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re self employed, you still need to send a Self Assessment tax return for each year you work - even after you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou can claim back National Insurance if you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\n## If you continue working\n\nShow your employer proof of your age (a birth certificate or passport, for example) to make sure you stop paying National Insurance.\n\nIf you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can send you a letter to show them instead.\n\nThe letter will confirm:\n\n- you\u2019ve reached State Pension age\n\n- you do not need to pay National Insurance\n\nYou\u2019ll need to write to HMRC explaining why you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to send your birth certificate or passport for verification if HMRC does not have a record of your date of birth. Certified copies are accepted.\n\nYou can also show a certificate of age exception (CA4140) if you have one.\n\n## Age-related tax allowances\n\n## Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou can claim the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership and at least one partner was born before 6 April 1935. It gets taken off your tax bill - the amount that\u2019s deducted depends on your income.\n\n## Maintenance Payments Relief\n\nYou can get an allowance to reduce your tax bill for maintenance payments you make to an ex-spouse or civil partner if:\n\n- you or they were born before 6 April 1935\n\n- you\u2019re separated or divorced and you\u2019re making payments under a court order\n\n- the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-partner (as long as they have not re-married or formed a new civil partnership) or your children are under 21\n\n## How much you can get\n\nFor the 2021 to 2022 tax year Maintenance Payments Relief can reduce your tax bill by the lower of the following:\n\n- \u00a3353 - where you make maintenance payments of \u00a33,530 or more a year\n\n- 10% of the money you\u2019ve actually paid - where you make payments of less than \u00a33,530 a year\n\nYou cannot claim a tax reduction for any voluntary payments you make.\n\n## Claim back tax or National Insurance\n\n## National Insurance refunds\n\nYou can claim back any overpaid National Insurance.\n\n## Tax refunds\n\nYou can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve:\n\n- had too much deducted from your pension\n\n- overpaid through your job\n\nIf you complete a tax return, you can also correct mistakes and claim a refund via Self Assessment.\n\n## Claiming back tax on savings interest\n\nIf you\u2019re on a low income, you may be able to get tax-free interest or get some tax back from interest on your savings.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-national-insurance-after-state-pension-age", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was born on the 19th January 1934. I am separated and pay maintenance payments to my wife. I am looking at applying for the maintenance payment relief.", + "original_question": "Would I be eligible for this relief?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1077", + "question": "Scenario: I am self employed. It is the 23rd January 2021 today, and I have just reached state pension age. I know I do not need to pay class 4 national insurance anymore.\n\nQuestion: Can I stop my national insurance payments now?\n\nDocument - National Insurance and tax after State Pension age:\n## Overview\n\nYou do not pay National Insurance after you reach State Pension age - unless you\u2019re self-employed and pay Class 4 contributions. You stop paying Class 4 contributions at the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou only pay Income Tax if your taxable income - including your private pension and State Pension - is more than your tax-free allowances (the amount of income you\u2019re allowed before you pay tax).\n\nYou must contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think you should be paying tax.\n\n## Stop paying National Insurance\n\nYou pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits including the State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re employed, you pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions as a percentage of your earnings up to State Pension age.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed, you pay Class 2 contributions at a flat weekly rate and Class 4 contributions annually as a percentage of your taxable profits.\n\n## What happens at State Pension age\n\nYou stop paying Class 1 and Class 2 contributions when you reach State Pension age - even if you\u2019re still working.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue paying Class 4 contributions until the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.\n\nFor example, you reach State Pension age on 6 September 2021. You\u2019ll stop making Class 4 contributions on 5 April 2022 and pay your final Class 4 bill by 31 January 2023, together with your Income Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re self employed, you still need to send a Self Assessment tax return for each year you work - even after you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou can claim back National Insurance if you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\n## If you continue working\n\nShow your employer proof of your age (a birth certificate or passport, for example) to make sure you stop paying National Insurance.\n\nIf you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can send you a letter to show them instead.\n\nThe letter will confirm:\n\n- you\u2019ve reached State Pension age\n\n- you do not need to pay National Insurance\n\nYou\u2019ll need to write to HMRC explaining why you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to send your birth certificate or passport for verification if HMRC does not have a record of your date of birth. Certified copies are accepted.\n\nYou can also show a certificate of age exception (CA4140) if you have one.\n\n## Age-related tax allowances\n\n## Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou can claim the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership and at least one partner was born before 6 April 1935. It gets taken off your tax bill - the amount that\u2019s deducted depends on your income.\n\n## Maintenance Payments Relief\n\nYou can get an allowance to reduce your tax bill for maintenance payments you make to an ex-spouse or civil partner if:\n\n- you or they were born before 6 April 1935\n\n- you\u2019re separated or divorced and you\u2019re making payments under a court order\n\n- the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-partner (as long as they have not re-married or formed a new civil partnership) or your children are under 21\n\n## How much you can get\n\nFor the 2021 to 2022 tax year Maintenance Payments Relief can reduce your tax bill by the lower of the following:\n\n- \u00a3353 - where you make maintenance payments of \u00a33,530 or more a year\n\n- 10% of the money you\u2019ve actually paid - where you make payments of less than \u00a33,530 a year\n\nYou cannot claim a tax reduction for any voluntary payments you make.\n\n## Claim back tax or National Insurance\n\n## National Insurance refunds\n\nYou can claim back any overpaid National Insurance.\n\n## Tax refunds\n\nYou can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve:\n\n- had too much deducted from your pension\n\n- overpaid through your job\n\nIf you complete a tax return, you can also correct mistakes and claim a refund via Self Assessment.\n\n## Claiming back tax on savings interest\n\nIf you\u2019re on a low income, you may be able to get tax-free interest or get some tax back from interest on your savings.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-national-insurance-after-state-pension-age", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am self employed. It is the 23rd January 2021 today, and I have just reached state pension age. I know I do not need to pay class 4 national insurance anymore.", + "original_question": "Can I stop my national insurance payments now?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1080", + "question": "Scenario: I pay a net annual contribution of \u00a33,000 to my personal pension plan and my husband pays a further net annual contribution of \u00a31000 into my plan. My annual income is \u00a3120,000 and classified as a high rated taxpayer.\n\nQuestion: Can i claim tax relief ?\n\nDocument - Tax on your private pension contributions:\n## Overview\n\nYour private pension contributions are tax-free up to certain limits.\n\nThis applies to most private pension schemes, for example:\n\n- workplace pensions\n\n- personal and stakeholder pensions\n\n- overseas pension schemes that qualify for UK tax relief - ask your provider if it\u2019s a \u2018qualifying overseas pension scheme\u2019\n\nPension schemes must be registered with HMRC to qualify for tax relief. Check with your pension provider if you\u2019re unsure if your scheme is registered or not.\n\nYou pay tax when you take money out of a pension.\n\n## Limits to your tax-free contributions\n\nYou usually pay tax if savings in your pension pots go above:\n\n- 100% of your earnings in a year - this is the limit on tax relief you get\n\n- \u00a340,000 a year - check your \u2018annual allowance\u2019\n\n- \u00a31,073,100 in your lifetime - this is the lifetime allowance\n\nYou also pay tax on contributions if your pension provider:\n\n- is not registered for tax relief with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- does not invest your pension pot according to HMRC\u2019s rules\n\n## Tax relief\n\nYou can get tax relief on private pension contributions worth up to 100% of your annual earnings.\n\nYou get the tax relief automatically if your:\n\n- employer takes workplace pension contributions out of your pay before deducting Income Tax\n\n- rate of Income Tax is 20% - your pension provider will claim it as tax relief and add it to your pension pot (\u2018relief at source\u2019)\n\nIf your rate of Income Tax in Scotland is 19% your pension provider will claim tax relief for you at a rate of 20%. You do not need to pay the difference.\n\nUK tax relief is also available on contributions made to certain types of overseas pension schemes.\n\nIt\u2019s up to you to make sure you\u2019re not getting tax relief on pension contributions worth more than 100% of your annual earnings. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay back anything over this limit.\n\n## Relief at source\n\nYou get relief at source in all personal and stakeholder pensions, and some workplace pensions.\n\n## To get relief at source\n\nBefore paying into a scheme, you need to agree to certain conditions about your contributions (\u2018make declarations\u2019). Your pension provider will tell you what these are.\n\nYou also need to give your pension provider your:\n\n- full name and address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- employment status - or tell them if you\u2019re retired, a full time student, a carer or aged under 16\n\nYour employer may do this for you if you\u2019re automatically enrolled in their pension scheme.\n\nYour pension provider will let you know if this is the case and ask you to confirm your details are correct. You must do this within 30 days.\n\n## When you have to claim tax relief\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief on pension contributions if:\n\n- you pay Income Tax at a rate above 20% and your pension provider claims the first 20% for you (relief at source)\n\n- your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief\n\n- someone else pays into your pension\n\n## Claim tax relief in England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nYou can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:\n\n- 20% up to the amount of any income you have paid 40% tax on\n\n- 25% up to the amount of any income you have paid 45% tax on\n\nYou can also call or write to HMRC to claim if you pay Income Tax at 40%.\n\n## Claim tax relief in Scotland\n\nYou can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:\n\n- 1% up to the amount of any income you have paid 21% tax on\n\n- 21% up to the amount of any income you have paid 41% tax on\n\n- 26% up to the amount of any income you have paid 46% tax on\n\nYou can call or write to HMRC to claim if you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\n## If your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief\n\nClaim tax relief in your Self Assessment tax return if your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief.\n\nCall or write to HMRC if you do not fill in a tax return.\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief if your pension scheme is not registered with HMRC.\n\n## If someone else pays into your pension\n\nWhen someone else (for example your partner) pays into your pension, you automatically get tax relief at 20% if your pension provider claims it for you (relief at source).\n\nIf you\u2019re in a workplace pension that allows other people to contribute you may need to claim the tax relief on those contributions - call or write to HMRC.\n\n## If you do not pay Income Tax\n\nYou still automatically get tax relief at 20% on the first \u00a32,880 you pay into a pension each tax year (6 April to 5 April) if both of the following apply to you:\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax, for example because you\u2019re on a low income\n\n- your pension provider claims tax relief for you at a rate of 20% (relief at source)\n\n## Life insurance policies\n\nYou cannot get tax relief if you use your pension contributions to pay a personal term assurance policy, unless it\u2019s a protected policy.\n\nPersonal term assurance is a life insurance policy that either:\n\n- ends when the first insured person dies\n\n- insures people who are all from the same family\n\n## Annual allowance\n\nYour annual allowance is the most you can save in your pension pots in a tax year (6 April to 5 April) before you have to pay tax.\n\nYou\u2019ll only pay tax if you go above the annual allowance. This is \u00a340,000 this tax year.\n\n## What counts towards the annual allowance\n\nYour annual allowance applies to all of your private pensions, if you have more than one. This includes:\n\n- the total amount paid in to a defined contribution scheme in a tax year by you or anyone else (for example, your employer)\n\n- any increase in a defined benefit scheme in a tax year\n\n## If you use all of your annual allowance for the current tax year\n\nYou might be able to carry over any annual allowance you did not use from the previous 3 tax years.\n\n## When your annual allowance is lower than \u00a340,000\n\nYour annual allowance might be lower if you have:\n\n- flexibly accessed your pension pot\n\n- a high income\n\n## If you flexibly access your pension\n\nYour annual allowance might be lower if you flexibly access your pension. For example, this could include taking:\n\n- cash or a short-term annuity from a flexi-access drawdown fund\n\n- cash from a pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019)\n\nThe lower allowance is called the \u2018money purchase annual allowance\u2019.\n\n## If you have a high income\n\nYou\u2019ll have a reduced (\u2018tapered\u2019) annual allowance in the current tax year if both:\n\n- your \u2018threshold income\u2019 is over \u00a3200,000\n\n- your \u2018adjusted income\u2019 is over \u00a3240,000\n\nThe threshold income and adjusted income limits are different for earlier tax years.\n\nWork out your reduced annual allowance.\n\n## If you go above the annual allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you if you go above the annual allowance in their scheme. If you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, ask each pension provider for statements.\n\nYou can also use a calculator to work out how much you\u2019ve gone above the allowance.\n\nIf you go over your annual allowance, either you or your pension provider must pay the tax.\n\nFill in the \u2018Pension savings tax charges\u2019 section of a Self Assessment tax return to tell HMRC about the tax, even if your pension provider pays all or part of it. You\u2019ll need form SA101 if you\u2019re using a paper form.\n\nYou can still claim tax relief for pension contributions on your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re above the annual allowance.\n\nHMRC does not tax anyone for going over their annual allowance in a tax year if they:\n\n- retired and took all their pension pots because of serious ill health\n\n- died\n\n## Lifetime allowance\n\nYou usually pay tax if your pension pots are worth more than the lifetime allowance. This is currently \u00a31,073,100.\n\nYou might be able to protect your pension pot from reductions to the lifetime allowance.\n\n## Check how much lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used\n\nAsk your pension provider how much of your lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used.\n\nIf you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, you must add up what you\u2019ve used in all pension schemes you belong to.\n\nWhat counts towards your allowance depends on the type of pension pot you get.\n\n| Type of pension pot | What counts towards your lifetime allowance |\n\n| Defined contribution - personal, stakeholder and most workplace schemes | Money in pension pots that goes towards paying you, however you decide to take the money |\n\n| Defined benefit - some workplace schemes | Usually 20 times the pension you get in the first year plus your lump sum - check with your pension provider |\n\nYour pension provider may ask for information about other pension schemes you\u2019re in so they can check if you\u2019re above your lifetime allowance when you:\n\n- decide to take money from a pension pot\n\n- turn 75\n\n- transfer your pension overseas\n\n## Pay tax if you go above your lifetime allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you how much tax you owe if you go above your lifetime allowance. Your pension provider will deduct the tax before you start getting your pension.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to report the tax deducted by filling in a Self Assessment tax return - download and fill in form SA101 if you\u2019re using paper forms. You\u2019ll get information from your pension provider to help you do this.\n\nIf you die before taking your pension HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will bill the person who inherits your pension for the tax.\n\n## Rates\n\nThe rate of tax you pay on pension savings above your lifetime allowance depends on how the money is paid to you - the rate is:\n\n- 55% if you get it as a lump sum\n\n- 25% if you get it any other way, for example pension payments or cash withdrawals\n\n## Protect your lifetime allowance\n\nThe lifetime allowance was reduced in April 2016. You can apply to protect your lifetime allowance from this reduction.\n\nTell your pension provider the type of protection and the protection reference number when you decide to take money from your pension pot.\n\n## Withdrawing cash from a pension pot\n\nYou cannot withdraw cash from a defined contribution pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019) if you have:\n\n- primary or enhanced protection covering a lump sum worth more than \u00a3375,000\n\n- \u2018lifetime allowance enhancement factor\u2019 if your unused lifetime allowance is less than 25% of the cash you want to withdraw\n\n## Reporting changes to HMRC\n\nYou can lose enhanced protection or any type of fixed protection if:\n\n- you make new savings in a pension scheme\n\n- you are enrolled in a new workplace pension scheme\n\n- you transfer money between pension schemes in a way that does not meet the transfer rules\n\n- you\u2019ve got enhanced protection and, when you take your pension benefits, their value has increased more than the amount allowed in the enhanced protection tax rules - this is called \u2018relevant benefit accrual\u2019\n\n- you\u2019ve got fixed protection and the value of your pension pot in any tax year grows at a higher rate than is allowed by the tax rules - this is called \u2018benefit accrual\u2019\n\nYou can report changes online or by post.\n\nAsk your employer whether they\u2019re likely to enrol you in a workplace pension. To make sure you do not lose protection, you can either:\n\n- opt out of most schemes within a month\n\n- ask not to be enrolled in some schemes - your employer may need evidence of your lifetime allowance protection\n\nTell HMRC in writing if you think you might have lost your protection.\n\n## If you have the right to take your pension before 50\n\nYou may have a reduced lifetime allowance if you have the right to take your pension before you\u2019re 50 under a pension scheme you joined before 2006.\n\nThis only applies to people in certain jobs (for example professional sports, dance and modelling) who start taking their pension before they\u2019re 55.\n\nYour lifetime allowance is not reduced if you\u2019re in a pension scheme for uniformed services, for example the armed forces, police and fire services.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-your-private-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I pay a net annual contribution of \u00a33,000 to my personal pension plan and my husband pays a further net annual contribution of \u00a31000 into my plan. My annual income is \u00a3120,000 and classified as a high rated taxpayer.", + "original_question": "Can i claim tax relief ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1081", + "question": "Scenario: I have paid personal pension contributions but I am intending to use it to pay for personal term assurance policy which is not protected .\n\nQuestion: Can i claim tax relief?\n\nDocument - Tax on your private pension contributions:\n## Overview\n\nYour private pension contributions are tax-free up to certain limits.\n\nThis applies to most private pension schemes, for example:\n\n- workplace pensions\n\n- personal and stakeholder pensions\n\n- overseas pension schemes that qualify for UK tax relief - ask your provider if it\u2019s a \u2018qualifying overseas pension scheme\u2019\n\nPension schemes must be registered with HMRC to qualify for tax relief. Check with your pension provider if you\u2019re unsure if your scheme is registered or not.\n\nYou pay tax when you take money out of a pension.\n\n## Limits to your tax-free contributions\n\nYou usually pay tax if savings in your pension pots go above:\n\n- 100% of your earnings in a year - this is the limit on tax relief you get\n\n- \u00a340,000 a year - check your \u2018annual allowance\u2019\n\n- \u00a31,073,100 in your lifetime - this is the lifetime allowance\n\nYou also pay tax on contributions if your pension provider:\n\n- is not registered for tax relief with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- does not invest your pension pot according to HMRC\u2019s rules\n\n## Tax relief\n\nYou can get tax relief on private pension contributions worth up to 100% of your annual earnings.\n\nYou get the tax relief automatically if your:\n\n- employer takes workplace pension contributions out of your pay before deducting Income Tax\n\n- rate of Income Tax is 20% - your pension provider will claim it as tax relief and add it to your pension pot (\u2018relief at source\u2019)\n\nIf your rate of Income Tax in Scotland is 19% your pension provider will claim tax relief for you at a rate of 20%. You do not need to pay the difference.\n\nUK tax relief is also available on contributions made to certain types of overseas pension schemes.\n\nIt\u2019s up to you to make sure you\u2019re not getting tax relief on pension contributions worth more than 100% of your annual earnings. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay back anything over this limit.\n\n## Relief at source\n\nYou get relief at source in all personal and stakeholder pensions, and some workplace pensions.\n\n## To get relief at source\n\nBefore paying into a scheme, you need to agree to certain conditions about your contributions (\u2018make declarations\u2019). Your pension provider will tell you what these are.\n\nYou also need to give your pension provider your:\n\n- full name and address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- National Insurance number\n\n- employment status - or tell them if you\u2019re retired, a full time student, a carer or aged under 16\n\nYour employer may do this for you if you\u2019re automatically enrolled in their pension scheme.\n\nYour pension provider will let you know if this is the case and ask you to confirm your details are correct. You must do this within 30 days.\n\n## When you have to claim tax relief\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief on pension contributions if:\n\n- you pay Income Tax at a rate above 20% and your pension provider claims the first 20% for you (relief at source)\n\n- your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief\n\n- someone else pays into your pension\n\n## Claim tax relief in England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nYou can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:\n\n- 20% up to the amount of any income you have paid 40% tax on\n\n- 25% up to the amount of any income you have paid 45% tax on\n\nYou can also call or write to HMRC to claim if you pay Income Tax at 40%.\n\n## Claim tax relief in Scotland\n\nYou can claim additional tax relief on your Self Assessment tax return for money you put into a private pension of:\n\n- 1% up to the amount of any income you have paid 21% tax on\n\n- 21% up to the amount of any income you have paid 41% tax on\n\n- 26% up to the amount of any income you have paid 46% tax on\n\nYou can call or write to HMRC to claim if you do not fill in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\n## If your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief\n\nClaim tax relief in your Self Assessment tax return if your pension scheme is not set up for automatic tax relief.\n\nCall or write to HMRC if you do not fill in a tax return.\n\nYou cannot claim tax relief if your pension scheme is not registered with HMRC.\n\n## If someone else pays into your pension\n\nWhen someone else (for example your partner) pays into your pension, you automatically get tax relief at 20% if your pension provider claims it for you (relief at source).\n\nIf you\u2019re in a workplace pension that allows other people to contribute you may need to claim the tax relief on those contributions - call or write to HMRC.\n\n## If you do not pay Income Tax\n\nYou still automatically get tax relief at 20% on the first \u00a32,880 you pay into a pension each tax year (6 April to 5 April) if both of the following apply to you:\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax, for example because you\u2019re on a low income\n\n- your pension provider claims tax relief for you at a rate of 20% (relief at source)\n\n## Life insurance policies\n\nYou cannot get tax relief if you use your pension contributions to pay a personal term assurance policy, unless it\u2019s a protected policy.\n\nPersonal term assurance is a life insurance policy that either:\n\n- ends when the first insured person dies\n\n- insures people who are all from the same family\n\n## Annual allowance\n\nYour annual allowance is the most you can save in your pension pots in a tax year (6 April to 5 April) before you have to pay tax.\n\nYou\u2019ll only pay tax if you go above the annual allowance. This is \u00a340,000 this tax year.\n\n## What counts towards the annual allowance\n\nYour annual allowance applies to all of your private pensions, if you have more than one. This includes:\n\n- the total amount paid in to a defined contribution scheme in a tax year by you or anyone else (for example, your employer)\n\n- any increase in a defined benefit scheme in a tax year\n\n## If you use all of your annual allowance for the current tax year\n\nYou might be able to carry over any annual allowance you did not use from the previous 3 tax years.\n\n## When your annual allowance is lower than \u00a340,000\n\nYour annual allowance might be lower if you have:\n\n- flexibly accessed your pension pot\n\n- a high income\n\n## If you flexibly access your pension\n\nYour annual allowance might be lower if you flexibly access your pension. For example, this could include taking:\n\n- cash or a short-term annuity from a flexi-access drawdown fund\n\n- cash from a pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019)\n\nThe lower allowance is called the \u2018money purchase annual allowance\u2019.\n\n## If you have a high income\n\nYou\u2019ll have a reduced (\u2018tapered\u2019) annual allowance in the current tax year if both:\n\n- your \u2018threshold income\u2019 is over \u00a3200,000\n\n- your \u2018adjusted income\u2019 is over \u00a3240,000\n\nThe threshold income and adjusted income limits are different for earlier tax years.\n\nWork out your reduced annual allowance.\n\n## If you go above the annual allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you if you go above the annual allowance in their scheme. If you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, ask each pension provider for statements.\n\nYou can also use a calculator to work out how much you\u2019ve gone above the allowance.\n\nIf you go over your annual allowance, either you or your pension provider must pay the tax.\n\nFill in the \u2018Pension savings tax charges\u2019 section of a Self Assessment tax return to tell HMRC about the tax, even if your pension provider pays all or part of it. You\u2019ll need form SA101 if you\u2019re using a paper form.\n\nYou can still claim tax relief for pension contributions on your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re above the annual allowance.\n\nHMRC does not tax anyone for going over their annual allowance in a tax year if they:\n\n- retired and took all their pension pots because of serious ill health\n\n- died\n\n## Lifetime allowance\n\nYou usually pay tax if your pension pots are worth more than the lifetime allowance. This is currently \u00a31,073,100.\n\nYou might be able to protect your pension pot from reductions to the lifetime allowance.\n\n## Check how much lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used\n\nAsk your pension provider how much of your lifetime allowance you\u2019ve used.\n\nIf you\u2019re in more than one pension scheme, you must add up what you\u2019ve used in all pension schemes you belong to.\n\nWhat counts towards your allowance depends on the type of pension pot you get.\n\n| Type of pension pot | What counts towards your lifetime allowance |\n\n| Defined contribution - personal, stakeholder and most workplace schemes | Money in pension pots that goes towards paying you, however you decide to take the money |\n\n| Defined benefit - some workplace schemes | Usually 20 times the pension you get in the first year plus your lump sum - check with your pension provider |\n\nYour pension provider may ask for information about other pension schemes you\u2019re in so they can check if you\u2019re above your lifetime allowance when you:\n\n- decide to take money from a pension pot\n\n- turn 75\n\n- transfer your pension overseas\n\n## Pay tax if you go above your lifetime allowance\n\nYou\u2019ll get a statement from your pension provider telling you how much tax you owe if you go above your lifetime allowance. Your pension provider will deduct the tax before you start getting your pension.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to report the tax deducted by filling in a Self Assessment tax return - download and fill in form SA101 if you\u2019re using paper forms. You\u2019ll get information from your pension provider to help you do this.\n\nIf you die before taking your pension HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will bill the person who inherits your pension for the tax.\n\n## Rates\n\nThe rate of tax you pay on pension savings above your lifetime allowance depends on how the money is paid to you - the rate is:\n\n- 55% if you get it as a lump sum\n\n- 25% if you get it any other way, for example pension payments or cash withdrawals\n\n## Protect your lifetime allowance\n\nThe lifetime allowance was reduced in April 2016. You can apply to protect your lifetime allowance from this reduction.\n\nTell your pension provider the type of protection and the protection reference number when you decide to take money from your pension pot.\n\n## Withdrawing cash from a pension pot\n\nYou cannot withdraw cash from a defined contribution pension pot (\u2018uncrystallised funds pension lump sums\u2019) if you have:\n\n- primary or enhanced protection covering a lump sum worth more than \u00a3375,000\n\n- \u2018lifetime allowance enhancement factor\u2019 if your unused lifetime allowance is less than 25% of the cash you want to withdraw\n\n## Reporting changes to HMRC\n\nYou can lose enhanced protection or any type of fixed protection if:\n\n- you make new savings in a pension scheme\n\n- you are enrolled in a new workplace pension scheme\n\n- you transfer money between pension schemes in a way that does not meet the transfer rules\n\n- you\u2019ve got enhanced protection and, when you take your pension benefits, their value has increased more than the amount allowed in the enhanced protection tax rules - this is called \u2018relevant benefit accrual\u2019\n\n- you\u2019ve got fixed protection and the value of your pension pot in any tax year grows at a higher rate than is allowed by the tax rules - this is called \u2018benefit accrual\u2019\n\nYou can report changes online or by post.\n\nAsk your employer whether they\u2019re likely to enrol you in a workplace pension. To make sure you do not lose protection, you can either:\n\n- opt out of most schemes within a month\n\n- ask not to be enrolled in some schemes - your employer may need evidence of your lifetime allowance protection\n\nTell HMRC in writing if you think you might have lost your protection.\n\n## If you have the right to take your pension before 50\n\nYou may have a reduced lifetime allowance if you have the right to take your pension before you\u2019re 50 under a pension scheme you joined before 2006.\n\nThis only applies to people in certain jobs (for example professional sports, dance and modelling) who start taking their pension before they\u2019re 55.\n\nYour lifetime allowance is not reduced if you\u2019re in a pension scheme for uniformed services, for example the armed forces, police and fire services.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-on-your-private-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have paid personal pension contributions but I am intending to use it to pay for personal term assurance policy which is not protected .", + "original_question": "Can i claim tax relief?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1082", + "question": "Scenario: Mary runs a computer repair service. Her business is VAT registered . Despite the covid pandemic she managed to earn \u00a3100000 turnover last financial year and expects to earn \u00a3130000 taxable income this coming year.\n\nQuestion: Can she be eligible for the VAT flat rate scheme?\n\nDocument - VAT Flat Rate Scheme:\n## Overview\n\nThe amount of VAT a business pays or claims back from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually the difference between the VAT charged by the business to customers and the VAT the business pays on their own purchases.\n\nWith the Flat Rate Scheme:\n\n- you pay a fixed rate of VAT to HMRC\n\n- you keep the difference between what you charge your customers and pay to HMRC\n\n- you cannot reclaim the VAT on your purchases - except for certain capital assets over \u00a32,000\n\nTo join the scheme your VAT turnover must be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT), and you must apply to HMRC.\n\nTalk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Flat Rate Scheme is right for you.\n\n## Join or leave the scheme\n\nYou must be eligible to join the scheme.\n\n## How to join\n\nYou can join the scheme online when you register for VAT.\n\nYou can also fill in VAT600 FRS and either:\n\n- email it to frsapplications.vrs@hmrc.gsi.gov.uk\n\n- send it by post\n\nDo not use the address on the form - send it to the following address instead.\n\nUse VAT600 AA/FRS to apply for the Annual Accounting Scheme at the same time.\n\nYou\u2019ll get confirmation you\u2019ve joined the scheme through your VAT online account (or in the post if you do not apply online).\n\n## How to leave\n\nYou can choose to leave the scheme at any time. You must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it.\n\nTo leave, write to HMRC and they will confirm your leaving date.\n\nYou must wait 12 months before you can rejoin the scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can join the Flat Rate Scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re a VAT-registered business\n\n- you expect your VAT taxable turnover to be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT) in the next 12 months\n\nVAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use the scheme if:\n\n- you left the scheme in the last 12 months\n\n- you committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion\n\n- you joined (or were eligible to join) a VAT group in the last 24 months\n\n- you registered for VAT as a business division in the last 24 months\n\n- your business is closely associated with another business\n\n- you\u2019ve joined a margin or capital goods VAT scheme\n\nYou cannot use the scheme with the Cash Accounting Scheme. Instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based method for calculating the turnover.\n\n## Leaving the scheme\n\nYou must leave the scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it\n\n- on the anniversary of joining, your turnover in the last 12 months was more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT) - or you expect it to be in the next 12 months\n\n- you expect your total income in the next 30 days alone to be more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT)\n\n## Work out your flat rate\n\nThe VAT flat rate you use usually depends on your business type. You may pay a different rate if you only spend a small amount on goods.\n\nYou get a 1% discount if you\u2019re in your first year as a VAT-registered business.\n\n## If you spend a small amount on goods\n\nYou\u2019re classed as a \u2018limited cost business\u2019 if your goods cost less than either:\n\n- 2% of your turnover\n\n- \u00a31,000 a year (if your costs are more than 2%)\n\nThis means you pay a higher rate of 16.5%. You can calculate if you need to pay the higher rate and work out which goods count as costs.\n\nIf you are not a limited cost business, you use your business type to work out your flat rate.\n\n## Flat rates for types of business\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) the flat rate for catering (including restaurants and takeaways), accommodation and pubs has been reduced until 31 March 2022.\n\n| Type of business | Current VAT flat rate (%) |\n\n| Accountancy or book-keeping | 14.5 |\n\n| Advertising | 11 |\n\n| Agricultural services | 11 |\n\n| Any other activity not listed elsewhere | 12 |\n\n| Architect, civil and structural engineer or surveyor | 14.5 |\n\n| Boarding or care of animals | 12 |\n\n| Business services not listed elsewhere | 12 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways before 15 July 2020 | 12.5 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 4.5 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 8.5 |\n\n| Computer and IT consultancy or data processing | 14.5 |\n\n| Computer repair services | 10.5 |\n\n| Entertainment or journalism | 12.5 |\n\n| Estate agency or property management services | 12 |\n\n| Farming or agriculture not listed elsewhere | 6.5 |\n\n| Film, radio, television or video production | 13 |\n\n| Financial services | 13.5 |\n\n| Forestry or fishing | 10.5 |\n\n| General building or construction services* | 9.5 |\n\n| Hairdressing or other beauty treatment services | 13 |\n\n| Hiring or renting goods | 9.5 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation before 15 July 2020 | 10.5 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 0 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 5.5 |\n\n| Investigation or security | 12 |\n\n| Labour-only building or construction services* | 14.5 |\n\n| Laundry or dry-cleaning services | 12 |\n\n| Lawyer or legal services | 14.5 |\n\n| Library, archive, museum or other cultural activity | 9.5 |\n\n| Management consultancy | 14 |\n\n| Manufacturing fabricated metal products | 10.5 |\n\n| Manufacturing food | 9 |\n\n| Manufacturing not listed elsewhere | 9.5 |\n\n| Manufacturing yarn, textiles or clothing | 9 |\n\n| Membership organisation | 8 |\n\n| Mining or quarrying | 10 |\n\n| Packaging | 9 |\n\n| Photography | 11 |\n\n| Post offices | 5 |\n\n| Printing | 8.5 |\n\n| Publishing | 11 |\n\n| Pubs before 15 July 2020 | 6.5 |\n\n| Pubs from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 1 |\n\n| Pubs from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 4 |\n\n| Real estate activity not listed elsewhere | 14 |\n\n| Repairing personal or household goods | 10 |\n\n| Repairing vehicles | 8.5 |\n\n| Retailing food, confectionery, tobacco, newspapers or children\u2019s clothing | 4 |\n\n| Retailing pharmaceuticals, medical goods, cosmetics or toiletries | 8 |\n\n| Retailing not listed elsewhere | 7.5 |\n\n| Retailing vehicles or fuel | 6.5 |\n\n| Secretarial services | 13 |\n\n| Social work | 11 |\n\n| Sport or recreation | 8.5 |\n\n| Transport or storage, including couriers, freight, removals and taxis | 10 |\n\n| Travel agency | 10.5 |\n\n| Veterinary medicine | 11 |\n\n| Wholesaling agricultural products | 8 |\n\n| Wholesaling food | 7.5 |\n\n| Wholesaling not listed elsewhere | 8.5 |\n\n*\u2018Labour-only building or construction services\u2019 means building services where the value of the materials supplied is less than 10% of the turnover for those services. If more than this amount, the business is classed as \u2018General building or construction services\u2019.\n\n## What you pay\n\nYou calculate the tax you pay by multiplying your VAT flat rate by your \u2018VAT inclusive turnover\u2019.\n\nVAT inclusive turnover is different from standard VAT turnover. As well as business income (such as from sales), it includes the VAT paid on that income.\n\n## Calculating 2 flat rates\n\nThe first calculation should start from day one of your accounting period to the last day of that flat rate. The second should start from the date of the new flat rate to the end of your accounting period.\n\n## Get help\n\nCall the VAT Helpline if you have any questions about the Flat Rate Scheme.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-flat-rate-scheme", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Mary runs a computer repair service. Her business is VAT registered . Despite the covid pandemic she managed to earn \u00a3100000 turnover last financial year and expects to earn \u00a3130000 taxable income this coming year.", + "original_question": "Can she be eligible for the VAT flat rate scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1083", + "question": "Scenario: Dina runs an advertising company in London. It is VAT registered.Her business is eligible for the VAT Flat rate scheme. According to the type of her business in the HMRC website.\n\nQuestion: Is 11% the current VAT flat rate percentage?\n\nDocument - VAT Flat Rate Scheme:\n## Overview\n\nThe amount of VAT a business pays or claims back from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is usually the difference between the VAT charged by the business to customers and the VAT the business pays on their own purchases.\n\nWith the Flat Rate Scheme:\n\n- you pay a fixed rate of VAT to HMRC\n\n- you keep the difference between what you charge your customers and pay to HMRC\n\n- you cannot reclaim the VAT on your purchases - except for certain capital assets over \u00a32,000\n\nTo join the scheme your VAT turnover must be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT), and you must apply to HMRC.\n\nTalk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Flat Rate Scheme is right for you.\n\n## Join or leave the scheme\n\nYou must be eligible to join the scheme.\n\n## How to join\n\nYou can join the scheme online when you register for VAT.\n\nYou can also fill in VAT600 FRS and either:\n\n- email it to frsapplications.vrs@hmrc.gsi.gov.uk\n\n- send it by post\n\nDo not use the address on the form - send it to the following address instead.\n\nUse VAT600 AA/FRS to apply for the Annual Accounting Scheme at the same time.\n\nYou\u2019ll get confirmation you\u2019ve joined the scheme through your VAT online account (or in the post if you do not apply online).\n\n## How to leave\n\nYou can choose to leave the scheme at any time. You must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it.\n\nTo leave, write to HMRC and they will confirm your leaving date.\n\nYou must wait 12 months before you can rejoin the scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can join the Flat Rate Scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re a VAT-registered business\n\n- you expect your VAT taxable turnover to be \u00a3150,000 or less (excluding VAT) in the next 12 months\n\nVAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use the scheme if:\n\n- you left the scheme in the last 12 months\n\n- you committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion\n\n- you joined (or were eligible to join) a VAT group in the last 24 months\n\n- you registered for VAT as a business division in the last 24 months\n\n- your business is closely associated with another business\n\n- you\u2019ve joined a margin or capital goods VAT scheme\n\nYou cannot use the scheme with the Cash Accounting Scheme. Instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based method for calculating the turnover.\n\n## Leaving the scheme\n\nYou must leave the scheme if:\n\n- you\u2019re no longer eligible to be in it\n\n- on the anniversary of joining, your turnover in the last 12 months was more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT) - or you expect it to be in the next 12 months\n\n- you expect your total income in the next 30 days alone to be more than \u00a3230,000 (including VAT)\n\n## Work out your flat rate\n\nThe VAT flat rate you use usually depends on your business type. You may pay a different rate if you only spend a small amount on goods.\n\nYou get a 1% discount if you\u2019re in your first year as a VAT-registered business.\n\n## If you spend a small amount on goods\n\nYou\u2019re classed as a \u2018limited cost business\u2019 if your goods cost less than either:\n\n- 2% of your turnover\n\n- \u00a31,000 a year (if your costs are more than 2%)\n\nThis means you pay a higher rate of 16.5%. You can calculate if you need to pay the higher rate and work out which goods count as costs.\n\nIf you are not a limited cost business, you use your business type to work out your flat rate.\n\n## Flat rates for types of business\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) the flat rate for catering (including restaurants and takeaways), accommodation and pubs has been reduced until 31 March 2022.\n\n| Type of business | Current VAT flat rate (%) |\n\n| Accountancy or book-keeping | 14.5 |\n\n| Advertising | 11 |\n\n| Agricultural services | 11 |\n\n| Any other activity not listed elsewhere | 12 |\n\n| Architect, civil and structural engineer or surveyor | 14.5 |\n\n| Boarding or care of animals | 12 |\n\n| Business services not listed elsewhere | 12 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways before 15 July 2020 | 12.5 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 4.5 |\n\n| Catering services including restaurants and takeaways from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 8.5 |\n\n| Computer and IT consultancy or data processing | 14.5 |\n\n| Computer repair services | 10.5 |\n\n| Entertainment or journalism | 12.5 |\n\n| Estate agency or property management services | 12 |\n\n| Farming or agriculture not listed elsewhere | 6.5 |\n\n| Film, radio, television or video production | 13 |\n\n| Financial services | 13.5 |\n\n| Forestry or fishing | 10.5 |\n\n| General building or construction services* | 9.5 |\n\n| Hairdressing or other beauty treatment services | 13 |\n\n| Hiring or renting goods | 9.5 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation before 15 July 2020 | 10.5 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 0 |\n\n| Hotel or accommodation from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 5.5 |\n\n| Investigation or security | 12 |\n\n| Labour-only building or construction services* | 14.5 |\n\n| Laundry or dry-cleaning services | 12 |\n\n| Lawyer or legal services | 14.5 |\n\n| Library, archive, museum or other cultural activity | 9.5 |\n\n| Management consultancy | 14 |\n\n| Manufacturing fabricated metal products | 10.5 |\n\n| Manufacturing food | 9 |\n\n| Manufacturing not listed elsewhere | 9.5 |\n\n| Manufacturing yarn, textiles or clothing | 9 |\n\n| Membership organisation | 8 |\n\n| Mining or quarrying | 10 |\n\n| Packaging | 9 |\n\n| Photography | 11 |\n\n| Post offices | 5 |\n\n| Printing | 8.5 |\n\n| Publishing | 11 |\n\n| Pubs before 15 July 2020 | 6.5 |\n\n| Pubs from 15 July 2020 to 30 September 2021 | 1 |\n\n| Pubs from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2022 | 4 |\n\n| Real estate activity not listed elsewhere | 14 |\n\n| Repairing personal or household goods | 10 |\n\n| Repairing vehicles | 8.5 |\n\n| Retailing food, confectionery, tobacco, newspapers or children\u2019s clothing | 4 |\n\n| Retailing pharmaceuticals, medical goods, cosmetics or toiletries | 8 |\n\n| Retailing not listed elsewhere | 7.5 |\n\n| Retailing vehicles or fuel | 6.5 |\n\n| Secretarial services | 13 |\n\n| Social work | 11 |\n\n| Sport or recreation | 8.5 |\n\n| Transport or storage, including couriers, freight, removals and taxis | 10 |\n\n| Travel agency | 10.5 |\n\n| Veterinary medicine | 11 |\n\n| Wholesaling agricultural products | 8 |\n\n| Wholesaling food | 7.5 |\n\n| Wholesaling not listed elsewhere | 8.5 |\n\n*\u2018Labour-only building or construction services\u2019 means building services where the value of the materials supplied is less than 10% of the turnover for those services. If more than this amount, the business is classed as \u2018General building or construction services\u2019.\n\n## What you pay\n\nYou calculate the tax you pay by multiplying your VAT flat rate by your \u2018VAT inclusive turnover\u2019.\n\nVAT inclusive turnover is different from standard VAT turnover. As well as business income (such as from sales), it includes the VAT paid on that income.\n\n## Calculating 2 flat rates\n\nThe first calculation should start from day one of your accounting period to the last day of that flat rate. The second should start from the date of the new flat rate to the end of your accounting period.\n\n## Get help\n\nCall the VAT Helpline if you have any questions about the Flat Rate Scheme.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-flat-rate-scheme", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Dina runs an advertising company in London. It is VAT registered.Her business is eligible for the VAT Flat rate scheme. According to the type of her business in the HMRC website.", + "original_question": "Is 11% the current VAT flat rate percentage?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1084", + "question": "Scenario: I have looked at the title plan for my property in England. I have found that the boundary line is wrong, and cuts off part of my land.\n\nQuestion: Can I have this changed?\n\nDocument - Your property boundaries:\n## Overview\n\nIf you live in England or Wales, there\u2019s usually no record of:\n\n- the exact boundary between two properties\n\n- who owns the hedge, wall, tree or fence between 2 properties\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou can get an idea of where the boundaries for your property are by looking at its title plan. Most title plans don\u2019t show exact boundaries - you usually don\u2019t need to have the exact boundaries recorded anywhere.\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nYou can apply to get the title plan corrected if you think there\u2019s a mistake on it.\n\n## Record the boundary more precisely\n\nYou can do this by:\n\n- making a boundary agreement with your neighbour\n\n- applying for a determined boundary\n\n## Make a boundary agreement with your neighbour\n\nYou can usually avoid having to create a boundary agreement by having an informal discussion with your neighbour.\n\n## Get help in solving disagreements\n\nUse the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Helpline Scheme to get advice on solving disagreements over boundaries.\n\n## What a boundary agreement can do\n\nYou and your neighbour can create a \u2018boundary agreement\u2019 to record:\n\n- the boundary between 2 properties\n\n- who\u2019s responsible for maintaining a hedge, wall, tree or fence between 2 properties\n\nGet legal advice if you\u2019re thinking about making a boundary agreement.\n\n## What a boundary agreement can\u2019t do\n\nYou can\u2019t use a boundary agreement to sell or give away part of your land to your neighbour.\n\nGet legal advice if you want to make sure the boundary agreement is still valid after you or your neighbour sell your property.\n\n## What to include in a boundary agreement\n\nYour boundary agreement must include:\n\n- your name and address\n\n- your neighbour\u2019s name and address\n\n- the date the agreement begins\n\n- the boundary you\u2019ve agreed\n\nYou can include the boundary using:\n\n- a written description\n\n- a copy of an Ordnance Survey map - you can draw or write on it to show the boundary\n\n- a map you\u2019ve drawn yourself\n\n## Example of a boundary agreement\n\n\u201cBoundary Agreement\n\nThis agreement is made on 15th July 2017 between John Smith of 10 Acacia Avenue, title to which is registered under title number XX12345, and Mary Brown of 12 Acacia Avenue, title to which is registered under title number XX67891.\n\nThe parties agree that the legal boundary between the land within their respective registered titles, and running from the point marked \u2018A\u2019 to the point marked \u2018B\u2019 on the plan attached, is as shown by the red line drawn between those points.\n\nSigned\n\n[Witness (Signature, name and address)]\n\nSigned\n\n[Witness (Signature, name and address)]\u201d\n\n## Record your boundary agreement\n\nFill in an application to change the register (AP1).\n\nIn section 4 under \u2018Applications in priority order\u2019, write: \u201cTo note a boundary agreement\u201d. Under \u2018Fees paid (\u00a3)\u2019 write \u201c\u00a340\u201d.\n\nYou don\u2019t need to fill in sections 9 to 14.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send:\n\n- the completed AP1 form\n\n- a copy of the boundary agreement\n\n- a cheque or postal order for \u00a340, payable to \u2018HMLR\u2019 or \u2018HM Land Registry\u2019\n\nSend the documents and fee to:\n\nHM Land Registry will update the register for your property and send a copy of the updated register back to you. They\u2019ll do the same for your neighbour.\n\n## Apply to record the exact boundary\n\nYou can apply to have the exact boundary between your property and your neighbour\u2019s recorded. This is known as applying for a \u2018determined boundary\u2019.\n\nYou can only do this if your property is registered.\n\nA determined boundary will still be valid if you or your neighbour sell your property.\n\nYour application may be referred to a tribunal if your neighbour doesn\u2019t agree with it. Get legal advice before making an application.\n\nCheck your property\u2019s title plan and register to see if it already has a determined boundary.\n\n## Apply for a determined boundary\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send:\n\n- a plan showing the determined boundary - ask a chartered land surveyor to make this\n\n- evidence that supports your application\n\n- a completed exact line of boundary (DB) form\n\n## Evidence that supports your application\n\nSend any evidence you have that justifies the surveyor\u2019s boundary. This could include:\n\n- certified copies of the deeds to your property from before the property was registered\n\n- an expert\u2019s report\n\n- a written statement signed in front of a solicitor, a magistrate or a commissioner of oaths\n\n## Send your application\n\nThe application costs \u00a390. You\u2019ll also need to pay the surveyor and the solicitor a fee.\n\nIf your neighbour agrees with your application, they\u2019ll need to sign the form and the plan as well.\n\nSend everything to:\n\nIf your application is successful, HM Land Registry (HMLR) will send you a copy of your updated title plan and register. They\u2019ll also send your neighbour a copy of their updated title plan and register.\n\n## If your neighbour objects to your application\n\nHMLR will decide whether the objection is valid. If it is, they\u2019ll give you and your neighbour the chance to come to an agreement.\n\nIf you can\u2019t, they\u2019ll pass your application to a tribunal. You may need to pay for legal advice and advice from a surveyor if this happens.\n\n## If the tribunal approves your application\n\nHMLR will send you a copy of your updated title plan and register. They\u2019ll record the determined boundary in the register.\n\n## If the tribunal rejects your application\n\nThe tribunal will either decide where the exact boundary should be, or decide not to set the exact boundary.\n\nYou may need to pay your neighbour\u2019s costs.\n\n## Correct a boundary mistake on a title plan\n\nWrite to HM Land Registry (HMLR) if you think there\u2019s a boundary mistake on a property\u2019s title plan.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- explain why you think there\u2019s a mistake\n\n- include any evidence that supports your argument, such as certified copies of the deeds to the property\n\nSend everything to:\n\nIf HMLR finds that there\u2019s a mistake, they\u2019ll tell you how to correct it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-property-boundaries", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have looked at the title plan for my property in England. I have found that the boundary line is wrong, and cuts off part of my land.", + "original_question": "Can I have this changed?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1085", + "question": "Scenario: I want to sell some land to by neighbour. The land is situated in England. I would like to change the boundaries to match the sale.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to change the boundaries to take into account this sale of land?\n\nDocument - Your property boundaries:\n## Overview\n\nIf you live in England or Wales, there\u2019s usually no record of:\n\n- the exact boundary between two properties\n\n- who owns the hedge, wall, tree or fence between 2 properties\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou can get an idea of where the boundaries for your property are by looking at its title plan. Most title plans don\u2019t show exact boundaries - you usually don\u2019t need to have the exact boundaries recorded anywhere.\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nYou can apply to get the title plan corrected if you think there\u2019s a mistake on it.\n\n## Record the boundary more precisely\n\nYou can do this by:\n\n- making a boundary agreement with your neighbour\n\n- applying for a determined boundary\n\n## Make a boundary agreement with your neighbour\n\nYou can usually avoid having to create a boundary agreement by having an informal discussion with your neighbour.\n\n## Get help in solving disagreements\n\nUse the Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Helpline Scheme to get advice on solving disagreements over boundaries.\n\n## What a boundary agreement can do\n\nYou and your neighbour can create a \u2018boundary agreement\u2019 to record:\n\n- the boundary between 2 properties\n\n- who\u2019s responsible for maintaining a hedge, wall, tree or fence between 2 properties\n\nGet legal advice if you\u2019re thinking about making a boundary agreement.\n\n## What a boundary agreement can\u2019t do\n\nYou can\u2019t use a boundary agreement to sell or give away part of your land to your neighbour.\n\nGet legal advice if you want to make sure the boundary agreement is still valid after you or your neighbour sell your property.\n\n## What to include in a boundary agreement\n\nYour boundary agreement must include:\n\n- your name and address\n\n- your neighbour\u2019s name and address\n\n- the date the agreement begins\n\n- the boundary you\u2019ve agreed\n\nYou can include the boundary using:\n\n- a written description\n\n- a copy of an Ordnance Survey map - you can draw or write on it to show the boundary\n\n- a map you\u2019ve drawn yourself\n\n## Example of a boundary agreement\n\n\u201cBoundary Agreement\n\nThis agreement is made on 15th July 2017 between John Smith of 10 Acacia Avenue, title to which is registered under title number XX12345, and Mary Brown of 12 Acacia Avenue, title to which is registered under title number XX67891.\n\nThe parties agree that the legal boundary between the land within their respective registered titles, and running from the point marked \u2018A\u2019 to the point marked \u2018B\u2019 on the plan attached, is as shown by the red line drawn between those points.\n\nSigned\n\n[Witness (Signature, name and address)]\n\nSigned\n\n[Witness (Signature, name and address)]\u201d\n\n## Record your boundary agreement\n\nFill in an application to change the register (AP1).\n\nIn section 4 under \u2018Applications in priority order\u2019, write: \u201cTo note a boundary agreement\u201d. Under \u2018Fees paid (\u00a3)\u2019 write \u201c\u00a340\u201d.\n\nYou don\u2019t need to fill in sections 9 to 14.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send:\n\n- the completed AP1 form\n\n- a copy of the boundary agreement\n\n- a cheque or postal order for \u00a340, payable to \u2018HMLR\u2019 or \u2018HM Land Registry\u2019\n\nSend the documents and fee to:\n\nHM Land Registry will update the register for your property and send a copy of the updated register back to you. They\u2019ll do the same for your neighbour.\n\n## Apply to record the exact boundary\n\nYou can apply to have the exact boundary between your property and your neighbour\u2019s recorded. This is known as applying for a \u2018determined boundary\u2019.\n\nYou can only do this if your property is registered.\n\nA determined boundary will still be valid if you or your neighbour sell your property.\n\nYour application may be referred to a tribunal if your neighbour doesn\u2019t agree with it. Get legal advice before making an application.\n\nCheck your property\u2019s title plan and register to see if it already has a determined boundary.\n\n## Apply for a determined boundary\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send:\n\n- a plan showing the determined boundary - ask a chartered land surveyor to make this\n\n- evidence that supports your application\n\n- a completed exact line of boundary (DB) form\n\n## Evidence that supports your application\n\nSend any evidence you have that justifies the surveyor\u2019s boundary. This could include:\n\n- certified copies of the deeds to your property from before the property was registered\n\n- an expert\u2019s report\n\n- a written statement signed in front of a solicitor, a magistrate or a commissioner of oaths\n\n## Send your application\n\nThe application costs \u00a390. You\u2019ll also need to pay the surveyor and the solicitor a fee.\n\nIf your neighbour agrees with your application, they\u2019ll need to sign the form and the plan as well.\n\nSend everything to:\n\nIf your application is successful, HM Land Registry (HMLR) will send you a copy of your updated title plan and register. They\u2019ll also send your neighbour a copy of their updated title plan and register.\n\n## If your neighbour objects to your application\n\nHMLR will decide whether the objection is valid. If it is, they\u2019ll give you and your neighbour the chance to come to an agreement.\n\nIf you can\u2019t, they\u2019ll pass your application to a tribunal. You may need to pay for legal advice and advice from a surveyor if this happens.\n\n## If the tribunal approves your application\n\nHMLR will send you a copy of your updated title plan and register. They\u2019ll record the determined boundary in the register.\n\n## If the tribunal rejects your application\n\nThe tribunal will either decide where the exact boundary should be, or decide not to set the exact boundary.\n\nYou may need to pay your neighbour\u2019s costs.\n\n## Correct a boundary mistake on a title plan\n\nWrite to HM Land Registry (HMLR) if you think there\u2019s a boundary mistake on a property\u2019s title plan.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- explain why you think there\u2019s a mistake\n\n- include any evidence that supports your argument, such as certified copies of the deeds to the property\n\nSend everything to:\n\nIf HMLR finds that there\u2019s a mistake, they\u2019ll tell you how to correct it.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-property-boundaries", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to sell some land to by neighbour. The land is situated in England. I would like to change the boundaries to match the sale.", + "original_question": "Am I able to change the boundaries to take into account this sale of land?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1086", + "question": "Scenario: I am a UK employer and run a company with over 50 employees. I want to employ employees from outside the UK.\n\nQuestion: Do i need to apply for a sponser licence?\n\nDocument - UK visa sponsorship for employers:\n## Overview\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need a sponsor licence to employ someone to work for you from outside the UK. This includes citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway and Switzerland who arrived in the UK after 31 December 2020.\n\nThis includes unpaid work, like running a charity.\n\nYou will not need a licence to sponsor certain groups, for example:\n\n- Irish citizens\n\n- those with settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- those with indefinite leave to remain in the UK\n\nRead more about who does not need sponsorship.\n\nSponsoring someone does not guarantee that they\u2019ll be allowed to come to or stay in the UK.\n\n## How to get a sponsor licence\n\n- Check your business is eligible.\n\n- Choose the type of licence you want to apply for - this will depend on what type of worker you want to sponsor.\n\n- Decide who will manage sponsorship within your business.\n\n- Apply online and pay the fee.\n\nUK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) may visit your business to check it\u2019s suitable.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a licence rating if your application is successful.\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to issue certificates of sponsorship if you have jobs that are suitable for sponsorship.\n\nYour licence will be valid for 4 years. You may lose your licence if you do not meet your responsibilities as a sponsor.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get a licence, you cannot have:\n\n- unspent criminal convictions for immigration offences or certain other crimes, such as fraud or money laundering\n\n- had a sponsor licence revoked in the last 12 months\n\nYou\u2019ll need appropriate systems in place to monitor sponsored employees.\n\nUK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) will review your application form and supporting documents. They may visit your business to make sure you\u2019re trustworthy and capable of carrying out your duties.\n\n## Types of licence\n\nThe licence you need depends on whether the workers you want to fill your jobs are:\n\n- \u2018Workers\u2019 - for those with long-term job offers\n\n- \u2018Temporary workers\u2019\n\nYou can apply for a licence covering one or both types of worker.\n\n## Worker licence\n\nA \u2018Worker\u2019 licence will let you employ people long-term or permanently. It\u2019s split into:\n\n- Skilled Worker - the role must meet the job suitability requirements\n\n- Intra-company visas - this includes Intra-company Transfer and Intra-company Graduate Trainee, for multinational companies which need to transfer established employees or graduate trainees to the UK\n\n- Minister of Religion - for people coming to work for a religious organisation\n\n- Sportsperson - for elite sportspeople and coaches who will be based in the UK\n\n## Temporary Worker licence\n\nA \u2018Temporary Worker\u2019 licence will let you employ people on a temporary basis. It\u2019s split into:\n\n- Creative or Sporting Worker - to work as a high-level sportsperson (up to 1 year), entertainer or artist (up to 2 years)\n\n- Charity Worker - for unpaid workers at a charity (up to 1 year)\n\n- Religious Worker - for those working in a religious order or organisation (2 years)\n\n- Government Authorised Exchange Worker - work experience (1 year), research projects or training, for example practical medical or scientific training (2 years) to enable a short-term exchange of knowledge\n\n- International Agreement Worker - where the worker is coming to do a job which is covered by international law, for example employees of overseas governments\n\n- Seasonal Worker - for those coming to the UK for up to 6 months to do farm work\n\n## Sponsorship management roles\n\nYou need to appoint people within your business to manage the sponsorship process when you apply for a licence.\n\nThe main tool they\u2019ll use is the sponsorship management system (SMS).\n\nThe roles are:\n\n- authorising officer \u2013 a senior and competent person responsible for the actions of staff and representatives who use the SMS\n\n- key contact \u2013 your main point of contact with UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI)\n\n- level 1 user \u2013 responsible for all day-to-day management of your licence using the SMS\n\nThese roles can be filled by the same person or different people.\n\nYou can also appoint an optional level 2 user once you have your licence. This is an SMS user with more restricted access than a level 1 user, for example they cannot withdraw a certificate of sponsorship.\n\n## Suitability checks\n\nYou and your staff will be checked to make sure you\u2019re suitable for these roles. You may not get your licence if anyone involved in sponsorship has:\n\n- an unspent criminal conviction\n\n- been fined by UKVI in the past 12 months\n\n- been reported to UKVI\n\n- broken the law\n\n- been a \u2018key person\u2019 at a sponsor that had its licence revoked in the last 12 months\n\n- failed to pay VAT or other excise duty\n\nYou and your allocated staff must also:\n\n- be based in the UK most of the time\n\n- not be a contractor or consultant contracted for a specific project\n\n- not be subject to a bankruptcy restriction order or undertaking, or a debt relief restriction order or undertaking\n\n- not have a history of non-compliance with sponsor requirements\n\nYour allocated staff must usually be paid members of staff, or office holders.\n\nRead the full guidance on appointing \u2018key personnel\u2019.\n\n## HR contractors and agency staff\n\nYou must have at least one level 1 user who is your employee. You can have other level 1 or level 2 users employed by third-party organisations contracted to provide you with HR services. Your level 2 user can be a temporary member of staff supplied by an agency.\n\n## UK-based legal representatives\n\nYou can allocate any of the roles to a UK-based legal representative, apart from the authorising officer role. Your representative must be qualified to give immigration advice or services.\n\n## Apply for your licence\n\nYou need to apply online for your licence.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve finished the online application, you need to send in:\n\n- the submission sheet at the end of the application\n\n- your supporting documents\n\nAny affidavits or statutory declarations you send must be witnessed by a qualified, independent person - for example, a solicitor, Notary Public, Justice of the Peace, Commissioner for Oaths, or (in Scotland only) a Councillor.\n\nApply now\n\n## How to send the documents\n\nYou can scan or take pictures of your submission sheet and supporting documents and send them to the email address given on the submission sheet. Make sure your files:\n\n- are in PDF, JPEG or PNG format\n\n- have descriptive titles, with 25 or fewer characters\n\n- are high enough quality to be read\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh, they must be accompanied by a certified translation - there\u2019s more information in part 1 of the guidance for sponsors.\n\nIf you cannot scan and send the documents by email, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) using the contact details on the submission sheet.\n\n## Licence fees\n\nYou need to pay a fee when you apply. The fee depends on the type of licence you\u2019re applying for and what type of organisation you are.\n\nYou\u2019re usually a small sponsor if two of the following apply:\n\n- your annual turnover is \u00a310.2 million or less\n\n- your total assets are worth \u00a35.1 million or less\n\n- you have 50 employees or fewer\n\nYou\u2019re a charitable sponsor if you\u2019re either:\n\n- a registered, excepted or exempt charity\n\n- an ecclesiastical corporation established for charitable purposes\n\nContact the Business Helpdesk if you\u2019re unsure which category your business fits into.\n\n| Type of licence | Fee for small or charitable sponsors | Fee for medium or large sponsors |\n\n| Worker | \u00a3536 | \u00a31,476 |\n\n| Temporary Worker | \u00a3536 | \u00a3536 |\n\n| Worker and Temporary Worker | \u00a3536 | \u00a3 1,476 |\n\n| Add a Worker licence to an existing Temporary Worker licence | No fee | \u00a3940 |\n\n| Add a Temporary Worker licence to an existing Worker licence | No fee | No fee |\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nMost applications (8 out of 10) are dealt with in less than 8 weeks. UKVI may need to visit your business.\n\nYou may be able to pay \u00a3500 to get a decision within 10 working days. You\u2019ll be told if you can after you apply.\n\n## Applications refused because of a mistake\n\nYou can apply to request a review of your application if you think it was refused because:\n\n- the caseworker processing your application made a mistake\n\n- your supporting documents were not considered\n\nYou cannot apply just because you disagree with the decision.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nSponsors can get advice from the sponsorship, employer and education helpline:\n\nYou can also join the premium customer service scheme to get extra support from a licence manager - this costs at least \u00a38,000 a year.\n\nUK businesses and Tier 1 (Investors) can get help from the Business Helpdesk:\n\n## Your licence rating\n\nYou\u2019ll get an A-rated licence if your application is approved.\n\n## A-rating - full sponsor licence\n\nAn A-rated licence lets you start assigning certificates of sponsorship.\n\nYour business will be listed in the register of sponsors.\n\n## Downgrading to B-rating\n\nYour A-rated licence may be downgraded to a B-rating at a later stage if you do not continue to meet your sponsor duties.\n\nIf this happens, you will not be able to issue new certificates of sponsorship until you\u2019ve made improvements and upgraded back to an A-rating.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be able to issue certificates to workers you already employ who want to extend their permission to stay.\n\n## Upgrade to an A-rating\n\nYou need to follow an \u2018action plan\u2019 provided by UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) to upgrade your licence.\n\nYou have to pay \u00a31,476 for an action plan.\n\nYou must pay the fee within 10 working days of the date UKVI tells you about the downgrade. If you do not, you\u2019ll lose your licence.\n\n## At the end of the action plan\n\nYou\u2019ll be upgraded to an A-rating if you complete all the steps and there\u2019s nothing else you need to improve.\n\nYou\u2019ll lose your licence if you do not complete all the steps.\n\nIf you need to make other improvements, you\u2019ll be given another B-rating and will have to follow a new action plan. You\u2019ll have to pay the fee again.\n\n## If you get a second B-rating\n\nYou can only have 2 B-ratings in the 4 years that your licence is valid.\n\nYou\u2019ll lose your licence if you still need to make improvements after your second action plan.\n\n## How to reapply\n\nYou cannot appeal if your licence is revoked, but you can reapply. You have to wait at least 12 months before reapplying.\n\nYou need to start a new application when you reapply.\n\n## Certificates of sponsorship\n\nYou must assign a certificate of sponsorship to each foreign worker you employ. This is an electronic record, not a physical document. Each certificate has its own number which a worker can use to apply for a visa.\n\nWhen you assign the certificate to a worker, they must use it to apply for their visa within 3 months. They must not apply for their visa more than 3 months before the start date of the job listed on the certificate.\n\n## Defined certificates\n\nThese are for people applying on a Skilled Worker visa from outside the UK.\n\nYou must apply for defined certificates for these workers through the sponsorship management system (SMS). You\u2019ll get access to this when you get your licence.\n\n## When you get the certificate\n\nApplications are usually approved within one working day. It may take longer if UKVI need to carry out further checks on the information in your application.\n\nDefined certificates will appear in your SMS account once they have been approved. You can then assign them to a worker.\n\n## Undefined certificates\n\nThese are for Skilled Workers applying from inside the UK, and applicants on all other visas.\n\nWhen you apply for your licence you\u2019ll be asked to estimate how many undefined certificates you\u2019ll need for Workers and Temporary Workers in the first year.\n\n## Certificate costs\n\nCertificates are free for citizens of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nFor other citizens, you need to pay for each certificate.\n\n| Type of certificate | Cost per certificate |\n\n| Worker | \u00a3199 |\n\n| Temporary Worker | \u00a321 |\n\nIf you assign a certificate of sponsorship to a worker on a Skilled Worker or Intra-company Transfer visa, you might also need to pay the immigration skills charge.\n\n## Immigration skills charge\n\nYou might have to pay an additional charge when you assign a certificate of sponsorship to someone applying for a Skilled Worker or Intra-company Transfer visa. This is called the \u2018immigration skills charge\u2019.\n\nYou must pay the immigration skills charge if they\u2019re applying for a visa from:\n\n- outside the UK to work in the UK for 6 months or more\n\n- inside the UK for any length of time\n\n## When you do not need to pay\n\nYou will not pay the immigration skills charge if you\u2019re sponsoring someone:\n\n- on an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa\n\n- who is on a visa to study in the UK, and switches to a Skilled Worker or Intra-company Transfer visa - if they then extend their stay on the new visa, you will not have to pay the charge\n\nYou will also not have to pay the charge if you\u2019re sponsoring someone with one of the following occupation codes:\n\n- chemical scientists (2111)\n\n- biological scientists and biochemists (2112)\n\n- physical scientists (2113)\n\n- social and humanities scientists (2114)\n\n- natural and social science professionals not elsewhere classified (2119)\n\n- research and development managers (2150)\n\n- higher education teaching professionals (2311)\n\n- clergy (2444)\n\n- sports players (3441)\n\n- sports coaches, instructors or officials (3442)\n\nYou also might not have to pay the charge if you\u2019re sponsoring a worker who was assigned a certificate before 6 April 2017 - there\u2019s more information in part 2 of the guidance for sponsors.\n\nYou will not need to pay the charge for any of the worker\u2019s dependants, for example their partner or child.\n\n## If the person you\u2019re sponsoring changes jobs\n\nIf you\u2019ve assigned a certificate of sponsorship to someone in your organisation, who then moves to a new job in your organisation, you\u2019ll need to assign them a new certificate. They will use this to apply for a new visa.\n\nYou only need to do this if the new job has a different occupation code.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay the immigration skills charge again if the end date on their new visa is later than the end date on their existing visa.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou pay the immigration skills charge when you assign a certificate of sponsorship to the worker.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe amount you need to pay is based on:\n\n- the size of your organisation\n\n- how long the worker will work for you, using the start and end dates on their sponsorship certificate\n\n| |\n\n| Period | Small or charitable sponsors | Medium or large sponsors |\n\n| First 12 months | \u00a3364 | \u00a31,000 |\n\n| Each additional 6 months | \u00a3182 | \u00a3500 |\n\nIf the worker will be in the UK for longer than 6 months but less than a year, you must pay for at least 12 months.\n\nYou must pay the full charge in one go.\n\nContact the Business Helpdesk if you\u2019re not sure which category your business fits into.\n\nAs the longest you can sponsor a worker for is 5 years, the most you have to pay will be:\n\n- \u00a31,820 (5 x \u00a3364) if you\u2019re a small or charitable sponsor\n\n- \u00a35,000 (5 x \u00a31,000) if you\u2019re a medium or large sponsor\n\nUK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) will contact you if you do not pay the charge or pay the wrong amount. You\u2019ll have 10 working days to pay the charge - the worker\u2019s visa application will be refused if you do not.\n\n## Refunds\n\nYou\u2019ll get a full refund if the worker\u2019s visa application is:\n\n- refused or withdrawn\n\n- successful, but they do not come to work for you\n\nYou\u2019ll get a partial refund if the worker:\n\n- gets less time on their visa than you sponsored them for\n\n- starts working for you but then changes to another sponsor\n\n- leaves their job before the end date on their certificate of sponsorship\n\nYou\u2019ll also get a partial refund if you paid the medium or large sponsor fee when assigning the certificate, but had already notified UKVI that you\u2019re now a small or charitable sponsor.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou usually get a refund within 90 days of:\n\n- telling UKVI that the worker did not come to work for you\n\n- the expiration date on the worker\u2019s certificate of sponsorship, if they did not use it to apply for a visa\n\n- the date the worker\u2019s visa application is refused or withdrawn\n\n- the date you assigned the certificate of sponsorship, if you had already notified UKVI that you became a small or charitable sponsor\n\nIf the worker\u2019s visa application is refused, they can ask for the decision to be reviewed. \nThis is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.\n\nIf they do not ask for an administrative review, you\u2019ll get a refund within 90 days of the deadline for applying for one.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a refund within 90 days of the administrative review being dismissed if the worker applied for one and were unsuccessful.\n\nContact UKVI if your refund is not paid within 90 days.\n\n## Job suitability\n\nYou can sponsor a worker if the job they\u2019re going to do has a suitable rate of pay and skill level, or meets the other criteria needed for their visa.\n\n## Additional requirements for religious workers\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to advertise any job you offer to someone with a Religious Worker visa, unless it\u2019s a non-essential position or involves living within a religious order (such as a monk or nun).\n\nWhen you do not need to advertise the job, you need to have records showing that there is not a suitable person who does not require sponsorship to take on the role.\n\nThere are rules you must follow about how to advertise jobs for religious workers.\n\n## Additional requirements for creative workers\n\nCreative jobs done by someone on a Creative or Sporting Worker visa include:\n\n- ballet dancers and other dancers\n\n- film and TV performers\n\n- theatre and opera performers\n\n- film and TV workers\n\n- models\n\nFor creative jobs, you must make sure that either:\n\n- you comply with the creative workers code of practice (if it exists for that occupation)\n\n- the job is on the shortage occupations list\n\nIf the job is not on the shortage occupation list, and there is no code of practice, you need to check that the job cannot be done by a worker who does not need sponsoring.\n\n## Additional requirements for sporting workers\n\nFor sporting jobs that will be done by someone on either the Creative or Sporting Worker visa or Sportsperson visa, you must get an endorsement letter from the relevant governing body.\n\n## Sponsoring under-18s\n\nYou cannot sponsor a foreign worker under 18 on:\n\n- a Skilled Worker visa\n\n- an Intra-company visa\n\n- an International Agreement Worker visa, if they\u2019ll be working as a private servant in a diplomatic household or in the household of an employee of an international organisation\n\n- a Seasonal Worker visa\n\nYou cannot sponsor a child under 16 for a Minister of Religion or Sportsperson visa.\n\n## If you\u2019re also a Student sponsor (ATAS certificates)\n\nIf you also have a Student sponsor licence, you may need to check whether the worker needs an Academic Technology Approval Scheme (ATAS) certificate.\n\n## Who needs to do this\n\nYou need to do this if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re licensed as a Student sponsor\n\n- you\u2019re sponsoring the worker for a Skilled Worker, Intra-company Transfer, Intra-company Graduate Trainee, Government Authorised Exchange Worker or International Agreement Worker visa\n\n- you\u2019re sponsoring the worker for a role in a relevant occupation code\n\nIf any of these do not apply to you, you do not need to do anything.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nIf you do need to check, you must follow these steps.\n\n- Check if the worker needs an ATAS certificate.\n\n- Add a sponsor note to your certificate of sponsorship, confirming whether or not the worker needs an ATAS certificate.\n\n- If the worker does need an ATAS certificate, you must tell them that they need to get one and include it in their visa application.\n\n## Check if the worker needs an ATAS certificate\n\nThe worker will need an ATAS certificate if all of the following are true:\n\n- they will be carrying out research at PhD level or above\n\n- they will be carrying out research in a \u2018relevant subject\u2019 - check the relevant subject areas list in the worker sponsor guidance\n\n- their nationality is not exempt from needing an ATAS certificate - check the exempt nationalities list in the worker sponsor guidance\n\n## If the worker does not need an ATAS certificate\n\nYour sponsor note should say that the worker does not need an ATAS certificate and explain why.\n\n## If the worker needs an ATAS certificate\n\nYou must:\n\n- tell the worker that they need to get an ATAS certificate and include it in their visa application\n\n- add a sponsor note to your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- make and keep a copy of the ATAS certificate, once it has been issued\n\n## Tell the worker that they need an ATAS certificate\n\nTell the worker that they must apply for an ATAS certificate and include it in their visa application.\n\nIf the worker does not include their ATAS certificate, their visa application will be refused and you may lose your sponsor licences.\n\nATAS certificate applications for workers can take at least 2 weeks to be processed (3 weeks between April and September).\n\n## Add a sponsor note to your certificate of sponsorship\n\nYour sponsor note should say that the worker needs an ATAS certificate and mention whether they have already applied for or been issued with one.\n\n## Make and keep a copy of the ATAS certificate\n\nWhen the worker has received their ATAS certificate, you must make and keep a copy of the certificate, or the electronic approval notice the worker received from the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO).\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must:\n\n- check that your foreign workers have the necessary skills, qualifications or professional accreditations to do their jobs, and keep copies of documents showing this\n\n- only assign certificates of sponsorship to workers when the job is suitable for sponsorship\n\n- tell UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if your sponsored workers are not complying with the conditions of their visa\n\nYour licence may be downgraded, suspended or withdrawn if you do not meet them.\n\nRead the full guidance on sponsor requirements and duties and check workers have the right to work in the UK.\n\n## Monitoring employees\n\nYou must have HR systems in place that let you:\n\n- monitor your employees\u2019 immigration status\n\n- keep copies of relevant documents for each employee, including passport and right to work information\n\n- track and record employees\u2019 attendance\n\n- keep employee contact details up to date\n\n- report to UKVI if there is a problem, for example if your employee stops coming to work\n\n## Changes to your business\n\nYou must report any significant changes in your own circumstances within 20 working days, for example if you:\n\n- stop trading or become insolvent\n\n- substantially change the nature of your business\n\n- are involved in a merger or take-over\n\nYou must also tell UKVI if you\u2019re changing your details, like your address or allocated roles.\n\nTo register a change of circumstances use the sponsorship management system (SMS).\n\nRequests can take up to 18 weeks. You can register a change within 5 working days instead if you use the priority service. It costs \u00a3200.\n\n## Sponsoring under-18s\n\nYou must make sure that foreign workers under 18 have suitable care arrangements for their:\n\n- travel to the UK\n\n- arrival in the UK\n\n- living arrangements in the UK\n\nYou must also get a letter from their parents giving consent to the care arrangements.\n\nYou must get a Disclosure and Barring Service check on any of your workers who need it.\n\nYou\u2019ll lose your licence if you do not do this.\n\n## Children under 16\n\nYou must get a licence from the local education authority in the area where the child will work.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-visa-sponsorship-employers", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a UK employer and run a company with over 50 employees. I want to employ employees from outside the UK.", + "original_question": "Do i need to apply for a sponser licence?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1089", + "question": "Scenario: Marcus is in the UK under Ancestry Visa . He wants to live permanently in the UK because he has already established his business. He has already stayed for 4 years in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Can he extend his visa?\n\nDocument - UK Ancestry visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a UK Ancestry visa if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen\n\n- you can prove one of your grandparents was born in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man\n\n- you\u2019re able and planning to work in the UK\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Fees\n\nA UK Ancestry visa costs \u00a3516.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou may also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 5 years on this visa.\n\n## Applying to stay longer in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years on this visa, you may be able to either:\n\n- apply to extend your visa for a further 5 years\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK (apply for \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019)\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- work\n\n- study\n\n- bring your partner or child\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- change (\u2018switch\u2019) into this visa if you came to the UK on a different visa\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must prove that you:\n\n- are 17 or over\n\n- have enough money without help from public funds to support and house yourself and any dependants\n\n- can and plan to work in the UK\n\n## Your ancestry\n\nYou must show that you have a grandparent born in one of the following circumstances:\n\n- in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man\n\n- before 31 March 1922 in what is now Ireland\n\n- on a ship or aircraft that was either registered in the UK or belonged to the UK government\n\nYou can claim ancestry if:\n\n- you or your parent were adopted\n\n- your parents or grandparents were not married\n\nYou cannot claim UK ancestry through step-parents.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible.\n\nA \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:\n\n- your partner\n\n- your child under 18\n\n- your child aged 18 or over who was previously on your or your partner\u2019s visa as a dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove one of the following:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## Your child\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be supported by you without using public funds\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner or child must apply online.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYour partner and children may be able to extend their visa or switch to a UK Ancestry visa to stay with you in the UK.\n\nYou can add your partner or children to your application when you extend your visa. They do not need to apply separately.\n\n## Switch to an Ancestry visa\n\nYour partner or child can apply to switch their visa online.\n\nThey cannot apply to switch if they\u2019re currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visitor visa\n\n- on a Short-term study visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a Seasonal Worker visa\n\n- on a Domestic Workers in a Private Household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\nIf they\u2019re in one of those categories, they must leave the UK and apply for a UK Ancestry visa from abroad.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Children born while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a current passport (with a blank page for your visa) or another valid travel document\n\n- your full birth certificate\n\n- the full birth certificates of the parent and grandparent your ancestry claim is based on\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re planning to work in the UK, for example job offers you\u2019ve received or a business plan if you\u2019re self-employed\n\n- evidence, such as bank statements, that prove you can support yourself and any dependants in the UK - it must be dated within 31 days from when you submit your application\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:\n\n- evidence that your parents or grandparents have changed their name since birth, for example marriage or civil partnership certificates or a deed poll\n\n- legal adoption papers if you or your parents are adopted\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take a TB test\n\n- your marriage certificate or civil partnership registration document if your spouse or civil partner wants to join you in the UK\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a UK Ancestry visa before you travel to the UK.\n\n## Applying with your family\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you in the UK. Each family member will need to make their own application to come to the UK as your \u2018dependant\u2019.\n\n## When to apply\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel to the UK.\n\n## Apply online\n\nAs part of your online application, you will need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nApply online\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa and stay in the UK for a further 5 years. You must apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can extend this visa as many times as you like, as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nYou can also apply to settle in the UK permanently if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years on this visa.\n\n## Extending with your partner or children\n\nYou should include any dependants (your partner or children) who are on your current visa on your application to extend. This includes children who have turned 18 during your stay. They do not need to apply separately.\n\n## Fees\n\nFor each person applying you\u2019ll need to pay:\n\n- the \u00a31,033 application fee\n\n- the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay\n\n- \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply online, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\n## Extend your visa online\n\nYou must apply online to extend your visa.\n\nApply online\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## After you apply\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 8 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ancestry-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Marcus is in the UK under Ancestry Visa . He wants to live permanently in the UK because he has already established his business. He has already stayed for 4 years in the UK.", + "original_question": "Can he extend his visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1090", + "question": "Scenario: Mary is a Tanzanian national and has secured unpaid voluntary charity work in the UK. The employer has given her a certificate of sponsorship code. The employer has committed to take care of her accommodation while working in the charity. Her bank statement shows a balance of \u00a32,000 for two months.\n\nQuestion: can she qualify for temporary work visa ?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) if:\n\n- you want to do unpaid voluntary work for a charity\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Charity Worker) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou must have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend from inside the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the the next working day after your UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for up to 12 months or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- bring your partner and children with you, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- receive any payment for work\n\n- take a permanent job\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible for a Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) you need:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about the job you will do and your personal details. It is not a certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYour sponsor must also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, for example your working hours.\n\nYour sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guidance on documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\nYou must be in the UK to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou can apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK to extend\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend as a partner\n\n- extend as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-charity-worker-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Mary is a Tanzanian national and has secured unpaid voluntary charity work in the UK. The employer has given her a certificate of sponsorship code. The employer has committed to take care of her accommodation while working in the charity. Her bank statement shows a balance of \u00a32,000 for two months.", + "original_question": "can she qualify for temporary work visa ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1092", + "question": "Scenario: Lucas works full time in one of the leading TV broadcasting networks in his country,South Africa. His employer has sent him to work in one of the UK media offices. He needs to apply for a 3 years representative of an overseas business visa .He is a married man.\n\nQuestion: If lucas gets a positive visa decision , Will he have a recourse to public funds?\n\nDocument - Representative of an Overseas Business visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply as a representative of an overseas business if you\u2019re either:\n\n- the sole representative of an overseas business planning to set up either a UK branch or wholly owned subsidiary\n\n- an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation posted on a long-term assignment to the UK\n\nYou must also meet the other eligibility requirements.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nIf you apply from outside the UK, the earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## If you apply from inside the UK\n\nYou will get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nUKVI will contact you if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example, if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expires.\n\n## Fees\n\nIf you apply from outside the UK, a Representative of an Overseas Business visa costs \u00a3610.\n\nIf you apply from inside the UK, you\u2019ll need to pay:\n\n- \u00a3704 for the visa\n\n- \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou must pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you need to pay before you apply.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nThe visa lets you stay in the UK for an initial period of 3 years.\n\nYou may be able to extend your visa for another 2 years.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve been in the UK for 5 years, you can apply for permission to settle permanently in the UK.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- work for your employer, full time\n\n- bring your family (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you to the UK\n\n- apply to extend your visa\n\n- apply to settle in the UK after you\u2019ve been here for 5 years\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- work for yourself or any other business\n\n- stay in the UK if the sole representative arrangement is ended by your employer\n\n- switch to this visa from any other visa category\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible for this visa you must:\n\n- have enough money to support yourself without help from public funds\n\n- meet the English requirement\n\n## Sole representatives\n\nTo apply as a sole representative you must:\n\n- be recruited and employed outside the UK by an active and trading business (whose headquarters and principal place of business are, and will remain, outside the UK)\n\n- have the skills, experience and knowledge to do the role\n\n- hold a senior position within the business (but do not own or control the majority of it) and have full authority to make decisions on its behalf\n\n- intend to establish the overseas business\u2019s first commercial presence in the UK, either as a registered branch or a wholly owned subsidiary\n\nYou may also be eligible if the business has a legal entity in the UK that does not employ staff or do any business.\n\nIf your employer has been working to establish a UK branch or subsidiary, but it is not yet set up, you can replace a previous sole representative.\n\n## Newspaper, news agency or broadcast employees\n\nAs an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation, you can come to the UK if you\u2019re being posted here on a long-term assignment.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by either:\n\n- passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level A1 in speaking and listening\n\n- having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by UK NARIC as being equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\nYou may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\nYou also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the visa guidance.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- evidence that you can support yourself and any dependants during your trip, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months\n\n- proof that you meet the English requirement\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from overseas, you\u2019ll also need to provide:\n\n- details of where you\u2019ll be staying during your stay\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from overseas, you\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.\n\nAll applicants need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Sole representatives\n\nWhen applying as a sole representative of an overseas business you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a full description of the business\u2019s activities, including details of assets and accounts\n\n- a letter confirming the overseas business will set up a wholly owned subsidiary or register a branch in the UK in the same business activity as it runs overseas\n\n- your job description, employment contract and salary details\n\n- a letter confirming you\u2019re familiar with the business and have the power to take operational decisions\n\nYou should also provide evidence that you:\n\n- are directly employed by the business and are not acting as a sales agent (for example, hired by a business to sell or distribute their products within the UK, but working for yourself and providing your services for a fee)\n\n- were recruited to the business outside of the UK\n\n- hold a senior position in the business, with the authority to make decisions on its behalf and set up and run a registered branch or wholly owned subsidiary\n\n- will be working full time for the business or subsidiary for the duration of your stay and will not carry out any other work\n\n- do not own or control a majority of the overseas business\n\n## Newspaper, news agency or broadcast employees\n\nAs an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation you must also provide:\n\n- a full description of the parent company\u2019s activities, including details of assets and accounts\n\n- confirmation that you will be representing them in the UK in a long term, full-time role\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the Representative of an Overseas Business guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Representative of an Overseas Business visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nApply now\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply inside the UK\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nApply now\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay in the UK under a Representative of an Overseas Business visa.\n\nYou should include any dependants who are on your current visa on your application to extend - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must already have this visa as either:\n\n- a representative of an overseas business\n\n- an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation\n\nYou must also meet the following conditions:\n\n- you\u2019re still working for the same employer as when you were issued your previous visa\n\n- you\u2019ve established, and are supervising, a UK branch or subsidiary of the overseas business\n\n- your employer\u2019s principal place of business is still outside the UK\n\nYou must be in the UK to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nA Representative of an Overseas Business visa can be extended for up to 2 years after the original visa duration of 3 years.\n\nYour visa can be extended for 3 years if your previous Representative of an Overseas Business visa was issued before 1 October 2009.\n\nYou can apply to settle once you have been in the UK for 5 years and you have an ongoing job with the same company.\n\n## Fees\n\nFor each person applying, you\u2019ll need to pay:\n\n- \u00a3704 to extend this visa\n\n- the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay\n\n- \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## Family members\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can come with you when you come to the UK on this visa.\n\nA \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife or partner\n\n- your child under 18\n\nYour husband, wife or partner cannot come to the UK as your dependant if they own or control a majority of the overseas business you will be representing.\n\n## Dependants applying from outside the UK\n\nYour family members must apply online.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.\n\nThey may be able to get their visa faster or other services depending on what country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Dependants applying from inside the UK\n\nYour dependants can apply to extend or switch their visas to stay with you if they\u2019re already in the UK. They must apply online.\n\nIt\u2019s best to submit your dependants\u2019 applications at the same time as yours.\n\nMembers of your family cannot apply in the UK as your dependant if they hold a visitor visa.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYour family can get help with completing the online form if they:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYour family can only use this service if they\u2019re applying to extend or switch to your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Children born while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, you can apply online to add them to your visa as your dependant.\n\nYou must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\n## Using a solicitor or an agent\n\nYou can use a solicitor or other agent to help with your application or extension.\n\nThey must be registered with the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC), unless they are exempt.\n\nApplication decisions will be sent to your representative, provided they are registered or permitted to give immigration advice.\n\n## Exemptions from OISC registration\n\nAn adviser who is a member of one of the following professional bodies (or working under their supervision) does not need to be registered with the OISC:\n\n- Law Society\n\n- Law Society in Scotland\n\n- Law Society in Northern Ireland\n\n- Institute of Legal Executives\n\n- Faculty of Advocates\n\n- General Council of the Bar\n\n- General Council of the Bar of Northern Ireland\n\nMembers of the following UK bodies (or advisers working under their supervision) are also exempt:\n\n- state education institutions and their student unions\n\n- health sector bodies\n\n- employers giving immigration advice to their employees or prospective employees only\n\n## Advisers from outside the UK\n\nYou can use an adviser who is not in the UK. They do not need to be registered with the OISC.\n\nPassports or other travel documents cannot be sent or returned to advisers outside the UK.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/representative-overseas-business", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Lucas works full time in one of the leading TV broadcasting networks in his country,South Africa. His employer has sent him to work in one of the UK media offices. He needs to apply for a 3 years representative of an overseas business visa .He is a married man.", + "original_question": "If lucas gets a positive visa decision , Will he have a recourse to public funds?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1093", + "question": "Scenario: My friend John is from Indonesia.He has been in the UK for 5 years working for his employer's New's Agency company whose headquarter is in Indonesia. He is under a Representative of an Overseas Business visa. The work is still ongoing.\n\nQuestion: Can he apply to settle for long term the UK.\n\nDocument - Representative of an Overseas Business visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply as a representative of an overseas business if you\u2019re either:\n\n- the sole representative of an overseas business planning to set up either a UK branch or wholly owned subsidiary\n\n- an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation posted on a long-term assignment to the UK\n\nYou must also meet the other eligibility requirements.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nIf you apply from outside the UK, the earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## If you apply from inside the UK\n\nYou will get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nUKVI will contact you if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example, if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expires.\n\n## Fees\n\nIf you apply from outside the UK, a Representative of an Overseas Business visa costs \u00a3610.\n\nIf you apply from inside the UK, you\u2019ll need to pay:\n\n- \u00a3704 for the visa\n\n- \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou must pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you need to pay before you apply.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nThe visa lets you stay in the UK for an initial period of 3 years.\n\nYou may be able to extend your visa for another 2 years.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve been in the UK for 5 years, you can apply for permission to settle permanently in the UK.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- work for your employer, full time\n\n- bring your family (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you to the UK\n\n- apply to extend your visa\n\n- apply to settle in the UK after you\u2019ve been here for 5 years\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- work for yourself or any other business\n\n- stay in the UK if the sole representative arrangement is ended by your employer\n\n- switch to this visa from any other visa category\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible for this visa you must:\n\n- have enough money to support yourself without help from public funds\n\n- meet the English requirement\n\n## Sole representatives\n\nTo apply as a sole representative you must:\n\n- be recruited and employed outside the UK by an active and trading business (whose headquarters and principal place of business are, and will remain, outside the UK)\n\n- have the skills, experience and knowledge to do the role\n\n- hold a senior position within the business (but do not own or control the majority of it) and have full authority to make decisions on its behalf\n\n- intend to establish the overseas business\u2019s first commercial presence in the UK, either as a registered branch or a wholly owned subsidiary\n\nYou may also be eligible if the business has a legal entity in the UK that does not employ staff or do any business.\n\nIf your employer has been working to establish a UK branch or subsidiary, but it is not yet set up, you can replace a previous sole representative.\n\n## Newspaper, news agency or broadcast employees\n\nAs an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation, you can come to the UK if you\u2019re being posted here on a long-term assignment.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by either:\n\n- passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level A1 in speaking and listening\n\n- having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by UK NARIC as being equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\nYou may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\nYou also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the visa guidance.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- evidence that you can support yourself and any dependants during your trip, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months\n\n- proof that you meet the English requirement\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from overseas, you\u2019ll also need to provide:\n\n- details of where you\u2019ll be staying during your stay\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from overseas, you\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.\n\nAll applicants need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Sole representatives\n\nWhen applying as a sole representative of an overseas business you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a full description of the business\u2019s activities, including details of assets and accounts\n\n- a letter confirming the overseas business will set up a wholly owned subsidiary or register a branch in the UK in the same business activity as it runs overseas\n\n- your job description, employment contract and salary details\n\n- a letter confirming you\u2019re familiar with the business and have the power to take operational decisions\n\nYou should also provide evidence that you:\n\n- are directly employed by the business and are not acting as a sales agent (for example, hired by a business to sell or distribute their products within the UK, but working for yourself and providing your services for a fee)\n\n- were recruited to the business outside of the UK\n\n- hold a senior position in the business, with the authority to make decisions on its behalf and set up and run a registered branch or wholly owned subsidiary\n\n- will be working full time for the business or subsidiary for the duration of your stay and will not carry out any other work\n\n- do not own or control a majority of the overseas business\n\n## Newspaper, news agency or broadcast employees\n\nAs an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation you must also provide:\n\n- a full description of the parent company\u2019s activities, including details of assets and accounts\n\n- confirmation that you will be representing them in the UK in a long term, full-time role\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the Representative of an Overseas Business guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Representative of an Overseas Business visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nApply now\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply inside the UK\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nApply now\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay in the UK under a Representative of an Overseas Business visa.\n\nYou should include any dependants who are on your current visa on your application to extend - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must already have this visa as either:\n\n- a representative of an overseas business\n\n- an employee of an overseas newspaper, news agency or broadcasting organisation\n\nYou must also meet the following conditions:\n\n- you\u2019re still working for the same employer as when you were issued your previous visa\n\n- you\u2019ve established, and are supervising, a UK branch or subsidiary of the overseas business\n\n- your employer\u2019s principal place of business is still outside the UK\n\nYou must be in the UK to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nA Representative of an Overseas Business visa can be extended for up to 2 years after the original visa duration of 3 years.\n\nYour visa can be extended for 3 years if your previous Representative of an Overseas Business visa was issued before 1 October 2009.\n\nYou can apply to settle once you have been in the UK for 5 years and you have an ongoing job with the same company.\n\n## Fees\n\nFor each person applying, you\u2019ll need to pay:\n\n- \u00a3704 to extend this visa\n\n- the healthcare surcharge - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay\n\n- \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## Family members\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can come with you when you come to the UK on this visa.\n\nA \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife or partner\n\n- your child under 18\n\nYour husband, wife or partner cannot come to the UK as your dependant if they own or control a majority of the overseas business you will be representing.\n\n## Dependants applying from outside the UK\n\nYour family members must apply online.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.\n\nThey may be able to get their visa faster or other services depending on what country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Dependants applying from inside the UK\n\nYour dependants can apply to extend or switch their visas to stay with you if they\u2019re already in the UK. They must apply online.\n\nIt\u2019s best to submit your dependants\u2019 applications at the same time as yours.\n\nMembers of your family cannot apply in the UK as your dependant if they hold a visitor visa.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYour family can get help with completing the online form if they:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYour family can only use this service if they\u2019re applying to extend or switch to your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Children born while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, you can apply online to add them to your visa as your dependant.\n\nYou must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\n## Using a solicitor or an agent\n\nYou can use a solicitor or other agent to help with your application or extension.\n\nThey must be registered with the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC), unless they are exempt.\n\nApplication decisions will be sent to your representative, provided they are registered or permitted to give immigration advice.\n\n## Exemptions from OISC registration\n\nAn adviser who is a member of one of the following professional bodies (or working under their supervision) does not need to be registered with the OISC:\n\n- Law Society\n\n- Law Society in Scotland\n\n- Law Society in Northern Ireland\n\n- Institute of Legal Executives\n\n- Faculty of Advocates\n\n- General Council of the Bar\n\n- General Council of the Bar of Northern Ireland\n\nMembers of the following UK bodies (or advisers working under their supervision) are also exempt:\n\n- state education institutions and their student unions\n\n- health sector bodies\n\n- employers giving immigration advice to their employees or prospective employees only\n\n## Advisers from outside the UK\n\nYou can use an adviser who is not in the UK. They do not need to be registered with the OISC.\n\nPassports or other travel documents cannot be sent or returned to advisers outside the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/representative-overseas-business", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend John is from Indonesia.He has been in the UK for 5 years working for his employer's New's Agency company whose headquarter is in Indonesia. He is under a Representative of an Overseas Business visa. The work is still ongoing.", + "original_question": "Can he apply to settle for long term the UK." + }, + { + "id": "train-1094", + "question": "Scenario: My Uncle is a university professor and a big advocate against female genital mutilation and early marriages . He advocates for girl child education especially in poor communities in South Africa. He has got an 4 day invitation to give a talk during the International Day of Girl Child in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Can he apply for a permitted paid engagement visa?\n\nDocument - Permitted Paid Engagement visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be able to visit the UK for a paid engagement if you\u2019ve been invited as an expert in your profession.\n\nYou can apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa if you:\n\n- are invited by a UK-based organisation or client\n\n- want to come to the UK to do specific paid work without having to be sponsored under the points-based visa system\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality.\n\nCheck if you need to apply for a UK visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can be invited by a UK-based organisation or client to:\n\n- be a student examiner or assessor\n\n- take part in selection panels as a highly qualified academic if you\u2019re invited by an education, arts or research organisation\n\n- give lectures at a higher education institution, as long as it\u2019s not a part-time or full-time role\n\n- examine UK-based pilots so they meet the standards of the country you come from if you\u2019re invited by an approved UK training organisation regulated by the UK Civil Aviation Authority\n\n- provide advocacy in a particular area of law\n\n- take part in arts, entertainment or sporting activities including broadcasting\n\n- take part in fashion modelling assignments\n\nYou can also do minor activities related to your work or business overseas, such as attend meetings.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- do paid work unrelated to your main job or area of expertise at home, other than what\u2019s allowed by your visa\n\n- extend this visa or switch to another visa\n\n- live in the UK for extended periods\n\n- get public funds (benefits)\n\n- study\n\n- marry or register a civil partnership, or give notice of marriage or civil partnership\n\n- bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you on your application - they must apply separately\n\nRead the guidance for more information about what you can and cannot do with a Permitted Paid Engagement visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 1 month.\n\n## When to apply and how long it takes\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you come to the UK.\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your \napplication.\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\n## Fees\n\nA Permitted Paid Engagement visa costs \u00a395.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must show that:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019re visiting the UK for no more than 1 month\n\n- you\u2019ve been formally invited and paid by a UK-based organisation to attend an event or other permitted engagement\n\n- you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit\n\n- you will not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home\n\n- you\u2019re able to support yourself during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)\n\n- you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)\n\n- you have proof of any business or other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules\n\n## Documents you'll need\n\nWhen you apply you must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel document - your passport must have a blank page for your visa\n\n- a formal invitation from the UK-based organisation or client you\u2019ll be paid by\n\n- proof that the paid engagement relates to your expertise, qualifications and main job in your home country, for example a letter from your employer\n\nSee the full list of documents you can provide to prove your eligibility.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\n## Additional documents\n\nYou must provide extra documents if you\u2019re an established arts, entertainment or sporting professional. You can provide any of the following:\n\n- publications\n\n- publicity material\n\n- proof of awards\n\n- media coverage and reviews\n\n- proof of recent performances\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you travel to the UK.\n\nCheck what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\n## Apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Apply with family members\n\nEach family member must make their own application and pay the fee.\n\nYou can apply on behalf of your partner and child, if they cannot apply for themselves.\n\nThey must attend their own appointment at a visa application centre.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Uncle is a university professor and a big advocate against female genital mutilation and early marriages . He advocates for girl child education especially in poor communities in South Africa. He has got an 4 day invitation to give a talk during the International Day of Girl Child in the UK.", + "original_question": "Can he apply for a permitted paid engagement visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1095", + "question": "Scenario: I am a Chinese National. As i was in the process of applying for a Permitted paid engagement visa online. Immediately after submission I got an email that the UK conference has been cancelled due to one of the event organizer has tested positive of covid 19\n\nQuestion: Can i cancel the application and get a refund?\n\nDocument - Permitted Paid Engagement visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be able to visit the UK for a paid engagement if you\u2019ve been invited as an expert in your profession.\n\nYou can apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa if you:\n\n- are invited by a UK-based organisation or client\n\n- want to come to the UK to do specific paid work without having to be sponsored under the points-based visa system\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality.\n\nCheck if you need to apply for a UK visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can be invited by a UK-based organisation or client to:\n\n- be a student examiner or assessor\n\n- take part in selection panels as a highly qualified academic if you\u2019re invited by an education, arts or research organisation\n\n- give lectures at a higher education institution, as long as it\u2019s not a part-time or full-time role\n\n- examine UK-based pilots so they meet the standards of the country you come from if you\u2019re invited by an approved UK training organisation regulated by the UK Civil Aviation Authority\n\n- provide advocacy in a particular area of law\n\n- take part in arts, entertainment or sporting activities including broadcasting\n\n- take part in fashion modelling assignments\n\nYou can also do minor activities related to your work or business overseas, such as attend meetings.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- do paid work unrelated to your main job or area of expertise at home, other than what\u2019s allowed by your visa\n\n- extend this visa or switch to another visa\n\n- live in the UK for extended periods\n\n- get public funds (benefits)\n\n- study\n\n- marry or register a civil partnership, or give notice of marriage or civil partnership\n\n- bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you on your application - they must apply separately\n\nRead the guidance for more information about what you can and cannot do with a Permitted Paid Engagement visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 1 month.\n\n## When to apply and how long it takes\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you come to the UK.\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your \napplication.\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\n## Fees\n\nA Permitted Paid Engagement visa costs \u00a395.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must show that:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019re visiting the UK for no more than 1 month\n\n- you\u2019ve been formally invited and paid by a UK-based organisation to attend an event or other permitted engagement\n\n- you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit\n\n- you will not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home\n\n- you\u2019re able to support yourself during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)\n\n- you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)\n\n- you have proof of any business or other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules\n\n## Documents you'll need\n\nWhen you apply you must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel document - your passport must have a blank page for your visa\n\n- a formal invitation from the UK-based organisation or client you\u2019ll be paid by\n\n- proof that the paid engagement relates to your expertise, qualifications and main job in your home country, for example a letter from your employer\n\nSee the full list of documents you can provide to prove your eligibility.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\n## Additional documents\n\nYou must provide extra documents if you\u2019re an established arts, entertainment or sporting professional. You can provide any of the following:\n\n- publications\n\n- publicity material\n\n- proof of awards\n\n- media coverage and reviews\n\n- proof of recent performances\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you travel to the UK.\n\nCheck what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\n## Apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Apply with family members\n\nEach family member must make their own application and pay the fee.\n\nYou can apply on behalf of your partner and child, if they cannot apply for themselves.\n\nThey must attend their own appointment at a visa application centre.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a Chinese National. As i was in the process of applying for a Permitted paid engagement visa online. Immediately after submission I got an email that the UK conference has been cancelled due to one of the event organizer has tested positive of covid 19", + "original_question": "Can i cancel the application and get a refund?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1097", + "question": "Scenario: I am in the UK under an International agreement work visa. I am an independent professional working under a business contract and has been extended. I would like to extend my visa to stay in the UK for more 2 years .\n\nQuestion: Can i bring my family here?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker \u2013 International Agreement Worker visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5) if you\u2019ll be contracted to do work covered by international law or treaty while in the UK. For example if you\u2019ll be:\n\n- working for a foreign government\n\n- working as a private servant in a diplomatic household\n\n- providing a service under contract as a contractual service supplier or independent professional\n\nYou must also meet the other eligibility requirements.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - International Agreement) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou need to be sponsored (have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer) before you can apply to come to the UK.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nIf you\u2019re working for a foreign government or as a private servant in a diplomatic household you can stay for 2 years, or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Providing a service under contract\n\nYou can stay for 6 months in any 12 month period, or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter if you are providing a service under contract:\n\n- in a relevant sector as set out in the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)\n\n- in another services trade agreement under which the United Kingdom has similar commitments\n\nYou can stay longer if your work is covered by one of the following agreements:\n\n- UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement - 12 months or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 14 days, whichever is shorter\n\n- Temporary agreement between the Swiss Confederation (Switzerland) and the UK on services mobility - 12 months in any 24 month period or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 14 days, whichever is shorter\n\n## When you can enter and leave\n\nYou can enter the UK 14 days before the start date on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou may be asked to leave the UK within 60 days if your job finishes early. It\u2019s unlikely you\u2019ll have to leave if your visa has less than 60 days remaining.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list or one in the same sector as your main job for up to 20 hours per week (unless you are a private servant, a contractual service supplier or an independent professional)\n\n- study, as long as it does not interfere with the job you\u2019re sponsored for\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start working before you get your visa\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5) if you have:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Work covered by international law\n\nYour work in the UK must be any of the following:\n\n- covered by the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS)\n\n- covered by similar agreements between the UK and other countries\n\n- for an overseas government or international organisation\n\n- as a private servant in a diplomatic household or in the household of an employee of an international organisation\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about you and your job. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYour sponsor will also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, your working hours for example.\n\nYour sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be in the UK to extend your visa.\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa for up to 2 years at a time up to a total maximum stay of 6 years if you are working:\n\n- for a foreign government\n\n- as a private servant in a diplomatic household and applied for your visa before 5 April 2012\n\nIf you\u2019re working as a private servant in a diplomatic household and applied for your visa on or after 5 April 2012 your total maximum stay can only be 5 years or until the last date of your employer\u2019s posting, whichever is shorter.\n\nIf you\u2019re a contractual service supplier or independent professional you can only stay in the UK for a maximum of:\n\n- 12 months if providing a service under the UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement\n\n- 12 months in any 24 month period if providing a service under the Temporary agreement between the Swiss Confederation (Switzerland) and the UK on services mobility\n\n- 6 months in any 12 month period in all other cases\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can apply to switch into a Temporary Worker - International Agreement Worker visa (T5) while you are in the UK if you want to continue working for your current employer and you:\n\n- have a work permit\n\n- work for an overseas government or international organisation\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for 2 years or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to switch your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/international-agreement-worker-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am in the UK under an International agreement work visa. I am an independent professional working under a business contract and has been extended. I would like to extend my visa to stay in the UK for more 2 years .", + "original_question": "Can i bring my family here?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1099", + "question": "Scenario: My friend is from Malta. He is a qualified veterinary officer and an animal care specialist. He would like to come to UK and work for 1 years. He also wants to have first hand experience in livestock keeping. He is financially able.\n\nQuestion: Must he have a UK certificate of sponsorship before he applies?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Seasonal Worker visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Seasonal Worker visa (T5) if you want to come to the UK for up to 6 months to do farm work. You\u2019ll need to:\n\n- have a sponsor\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 Seasonal Worker visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Fee\n\nThe visa costs \u00a3244.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 6 months.\n\nYou can enter the UK as soon as your visa is valid (up to 14 days before the start date of your job).\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- work in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- take a permanent job\n\n- work in a second job or a job that isn\u2019t described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- get public funds\n\n- bring family members with you\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be 18 or over when you apply and have both of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to add your certificate of sponsorship reference number to your visa application form - you can only use it once.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it\u2019s assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless your sponsor can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your sponsor can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your sponsor will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your sponsor will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your sponsor can support you)\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa. If you have another type of travel document (for example, a stateless person\u2019s travel document) it must have space for your visa.\n\nYou must also provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh, apart from your passport.\n\nThe Home Office might ask you to provide additional documents after you apply.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seasonal-worker-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend is from Malta. He is a qualified veterinary officer and an animal care specialist. He would like to come to UK and work for 1 years. He also wants to have first hand experience in livestock keeping. He is financially able.", + "original_question": "Must he have a UK certificate of sponsorship before he applies?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1100", + "question": "Scenario: Lucy is an experienced nanny from the Philippines. She has been working for a British couple for the last 2 years ,they too reside in the Philippines . They want Lucy to accompany them to the UK for a short visit.\n\nQuestion: Can lucy apply for an Overseas Domestic worker Visa?\n\nDocument - Overseas Domestic Worker visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a visa to visit the UK with your employer if you:\n\n- live outside the UK\n\n- are a domestic worker in a private household\n\n- have worked for your employer for at least one year\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nDomestic workers include:\n\n- cleaners\n\n- chauffeurs\n\n- cooks\n\n- those providing personal care for the employer and their family\n\n- nannies\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you started living in the UK on or before 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nFrom 1 January 2021, you\u2019ll need to apply for an Overseas Domestic Worker visa.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nYou can apply for a visa up to 3 months before your date of travel to the UK.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3516 for an Overseas Domestic Worker visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can use this visa to visit the UK with your employer for up to 6 months. You must return home at the end of the 6 months.\n\nYou cannot extend an Overseas Domestic Worker visa.\n\nYou may be able to extend a Domestic Worker in a Private Household visa if you applied on or before 5 April 2012.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK to complete your stay\n\n- change employers to another job as a domestic worker in a private household - only if you do not stay longer than the 6 months\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- work except as a domestic worker in a private household\n\n- live in the UK for long periods of time through frequent visits\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must prove that you:\n\n- are 19 or older\n\n- have worked for your employer for at least 1 year\n\n- work in the same household as your employer or one they use regularly\n\n- plan to travel to the UK with your employer, their partner or children\n\n- intend to work as a full-time domestic worker in a UK household your employer will live in\n\n- plan to leave the UK at the end of 6 months\n\n- are able to support yourself in the UK without the need for public funds\n\n## Your employer\n\nYour employer must be either a:\n\n- British citizen who usually lives outside the UK and who does not intend to remain in the UK for more than 6 months\n\n- foreign citizen who is coming to the UK on a visit and who does not intend to remain for more than 6 months\n\nYour employer must also pay you at least the national minimum wage.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- proof you can support yourself during your trip, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months\n\n- a completed \u2018Appendix domestic worker statement\u2019 signed by both you and your employer\n\n- a letter from your employer confirming your job title, how long you\u2019ve worked for them and that you\u2019re a permanent employee\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.\n\nYou must also provide 1 of the following documents covering the same period of employment:\n\n- pay slips or bank statements showing payment of salary\n\n- confirmation of tax paid\n\n- confirmation of health insurance paid\n\n- contract of employment\n\n- work visa, residence permit or equivalent passport endorsement for the country where you\u2019re currently employed by your employer\n\n- visas or equivalent passport endorsement if you\u2019ve travelled with your employer before\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Domestic workers who applied before 5 April 2012\n\nThere are different rules if you applied for a Domestic Worker in a Private Household visa on or before 5 April 2012.\n\nYou can:\n\n- extend your stay in the UK every 12 months\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK after 5 years\n\n- bring your partner and children under 18\n\n- change employer while your visa is valid\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa for 12 months at a time.\n\nIf you\u2019ve worked in the UK as a domestic worker for 5 years you can apply to settle permanently in the UK.\n\nYou should apply before your current permission to stay expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo extend your visa you must:\n\n- be a domestic worker in a private household\n\n- have applied for your domestic worker visa on or before 5 April 2012\n\n- have continued to live in the UK\n\n- apply while you\u2019re still in the UK\n\nTo settle in the UK as a domestic worker you must:\n\n- have applied for your domestic worker visa on or before 5 April 2012\n\n- have been living here legally for at least 5 years\n\n- currently have permission to stay here as a domestic worker\n\n- have been in the UK as a full-time domestic worker continuously throughout the 5 years (you cannot have been outside the UK for more than 180 days in any 12 consecutive months)\n\n- have maintained and accommodated yourself and any dependants without the use of public funds throughout the 5 years\n\n- have sufficient knowledge of English and life in the UK\n\n## Documents you\u2019ll need\n\nTo extend your visa you must provide both of the following:\n\n- a letter from your employer confirming that they want to continue to employ you\n\n- a completed \u2018Appendix domestic worker statement\u2019 signed by both you and your employer\n\nTo settle in the UK you must provide:\n\n- a letter from your employer confirming that they want to continue to employ you\n\n- evidence that you can satisfy the knowledge of English and life in the UK criteria\n\nIf you\u2019ve had any absences because of serious illness, births or deaths in your family, or had to leave the UK, you also need to write a letter detailing these. You should also include any related supporting documents with your letter, for example medical certificates, birth/death certificates, information about why you had to leave the UK.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply online to extend your visa.\n\nYou can include your dependants (partner and children aged under 18) on your application.\n\nIf you have any dependant children aged over 18 they will need to apply separately.\n\n## How to apply to settle\n\nYou must apply online to settle.\n\nYou can include your dependants (partner and children aged under 18) on your application. Your partner must be able to demonstrate their knowledge of English and life in the UK.\n\nIf you have any dependant children aged over 18 they will need to apply separately.\n\n## Fees\n\nFor each person applying it costs:\n\n- \u00a31,033 to apply to extend your visa\n\n- \u00a32,389 to apply to settle\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 to use the super priority service.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nIf you want to settle in the UK, you\u2019ll need to prove that you can satisfy the English language requirement.\n\nYou can only settle as a domestic worker in a private household if you applied for entry on or before 5 April 2012.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by either:\n\n- passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level B1 in reading, writing, speaking and listening\n\n- having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) as being equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\nYou may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\nYou also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the full visa guidance.\n\n## Your employment rights\n\nWhen you work in the UK your employer must:\n\n- pay you an agreed rate, which must be at least the national minimum wage\n\n- not force you to work excessive hours\n\n- give you agreed holiday pay\n\n- give you the notice you\u2019re entitled to if your employment ends\n\nYou should already have agreed your employment conditions with your employer and have a copy of these in writing. Your employer cannot change your employment conditions unless you agree.\n\nIf your employer does not meet these requirements, you can take legal action through an employment or industrial tribunal or the civil courts.\n\n## Get advice and support\n\nYou can get free and confidential advice from the Acas helpline.\n\nYou can also contact the charity Kalayaan for free, confidential and independent advice as a domestic worker in the UK.\n\n## If you want to return home\n\nContact your country\u2019s Embassy or High Commission in the UK if you want to return home.\n\nYou can also get confidential advice from a registered immigration adviser. Use the Office of the Immigration Services Commissioner (OISC) Adviser Finder to find a registered adviser near you.\n\n## If you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking\n\nModern slavery and human trafficking involve being forced to do something you do not want to do, usually by being hurt or threatened.\n\nYou may be forced to work for free or less than the minimum wage, get married or move to a country against your will.\n\nYou can apply to stay in the UK for up to 2 years, if both of the following apply:\n\n- you entered the UK on a Overseas Domestic Worker visa, on a Domestic Worker in a Private Household visa, or as a private servant of a diplomat (known as a T5 International Agreement visa)\n\n- you have a \u2018conclusive grounds\u2019 letter from the Single Competent Authority (SCA) confirming that you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking\n\n## How to get a conclusive grounds letter\n\nIf you think you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking you need to contact the police or another first responder organisation. They can help refer your case to the SCA.\n\nRead the \u2018First responder organisations\u2019 section of the guidance on referrals to find out which organisations can refer your case.\n\nThe SCA will decide if you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking. They will send you a conclusive grounds letter confirming their decision.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply within 28 days of getting confirmation you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking.\n\nYou must apply online to stay in the UK.\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Applying for a different visa\n\nIf you apply for a different type of visa within 28 days of getting confirmation but are refused, you can still apply as a victim of modern slavery or human trafficking.\n\nYou must do this within 28 days of getting the refusal.\n\n## Working in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to work as a domestic worker for up to 2 years.\n\nYou do not need to have a job offer before you apply. You can change job while you\u2019re in the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-domestic-worker-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Lucy is an experienced nanny from the Philippines. She has been working for a British couple for the last 2 years ,they too reside in the Philippines . They want Lucy to accompany them to the UK for a short visit.", + "original_question": "Can lucy apply for an Overseas Domestic worker Visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1102", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Ramon is in the UK under a Turkish businessperson visa.He operates a viable barbershop business. He has not broken any immigration laws, he has enough money to support himself and his family.He wants more time in the UK to continue running his business.\n\nQuestion: Can he apply to extend his visa ?\n\nDocument - Turkish Businessperson visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to extend your Turkish Businessperson visa if you already have permission to stay in the UK as a Turkish Businessperson.\n\nYou can:\n\n- continue running your business in the UK, and start another one\n\n- continue to help run an established business in the UK\n\nYou must meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nNew applications for the Turkish Businessperson visa have closed. Only children under 21 (\u2018child dependants\u2019) can apply to join you in the UK on this visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can only extend your visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\nYou\u2019ll need to meet the eligibility requirements to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa for up to 3 years.\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nAfter 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply to extend your visa online.\n\nYour partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019) can apply separately to extend their dependant visas, if they already have them.\n\nIf your children or your partner\u2019s children want to join you from outside the UK, they\u2019ll need to apply as your dependants.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa extension within 6 months.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith a Turkish Businessperson visa extension you can:\n\n- keep running your business in the UK, and start another one\n\n- keep being a partner in an existing business which you\u2019ll have an active part in running\n\n- apply to extend your stay if you meet the eligibility requirements\n\n- study\n\n- do voluntary work\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- change jobs or employer\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Turkish Businessperson visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible to apply for an extension of your Turkish Businessperson visa you need to:\n\n- have a valid Turkish Businessperson visa\n\n- show you have not broken any immigration laws\n\n- keep running a viable business\n\n- keep being able to pay your share of the costs of running the business\n\n- show that your share of the profits continue to be enough to support you and your family without your needing to have another job\n\nIf you are part of an existing partnership or company you\u2019ll need to show that you still have an active part in running the business.\n\n## Documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply to extend your visa you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- proof that you can support and house yourself and your dependants during your stay, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months\n\n- proof of your living costs, such as a tenancy agreement, mortgage agreement, utility bills, council tax statement, bank statements, documents relating to transfer of money to relatives abroad\n\n- proof of state benefits you\u2019ve received in the UK\n\n- a biometric residence permit showing your Turkish Businessperson visa\n\n- your police registration certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.\n\nYou may be asked to get a police certificate for yourself and your family in the UK if you or they don\u2019t already have one.\n\n## Proof for your business\n\nYou should provide proof that you\u2019re currently running your business\n\n## If you\u2019re continuing to run a business or partnership\n\nYou may need to provide proof such as:\n\n- insurance documents\n\n- business accounts prepared by a chartered accountant or approved by an auditor\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) documents (including evidence of payment)\n\n- qualifications for running the business, such as relevant formal qualifications or evidence of previous relevant experience\n\n- evidence of your finances and your investment in the business, such as UK or overseas bank statements, overseas money transfers, and bank loans\n\n- evidence of any financial assistance from a third party (for example family member), such as bank statements or other financial documents as evidence of their finances, and a legal or other document confirming their involvement in and share of the business\n\n- a document setting out the terms of your involvement in the business\n\n## If you\u2019re establishing another business or partnership\n\nYou may need to provide proof such as:\n\n- a business plan\n\n- evidence you are investing money of your own into the new business\n\n- documents for your business premises\n\n- partnership agreements\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can usually apply to extend a Turkish Businessperson visa if you\u2019re in the UK and all of the following are true:\n\n- your business is still going\n\n- you\u2019re still able to pay your share of the costs of running the business (its liabilities)\n\n- your share of the profits will be enough to support you and your dependants without you needing to have another job\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately, including children who have turned 21 during your stay.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to extend your Turkish Businessperson visa\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to extend their permission to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. To do this, they must have a valid dependant visa.\n\nYour children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Worker visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.\n\nIf their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 21 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 21 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## Your child\n\nYour child must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nFor each family member in the UK applying to extend you must have:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- a biometric residence permit (BRP) showing their current dependant visa\n\n- proof that you have sole responsibility for any dependants aged under 21 if the other parent will not be in the UK, for example written permission or relevant legal documents\n\n- proof that you can support and house yourself and your dependants during your stay, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months\n\nIf your dependant is in the UK and was asked to register with the police when they arrived, you must also provide their police registration certificate.\n\n## Applying inside the UK (extend)\n\nYour partner or children who are already in the UK can apply to extend their visa.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- include your dependants on your visa extension application\n\n- ask your dependant to apply separately\n\n## How to apply\n\nIf the dependant is your partner, they must apply online as a partner.\n\nYou need to apply online for your child.\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Applying from outside the UK\n\nYour children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Businessperson visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.\n\nIf you\u2019re already in the UK and want your child to join you, they must apply online for a dependant visa.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-business-person", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Ramon is in the UK under a Turkish businessperson visa.He operates a viable barbershop business. He has not broken any immigration laws, he has enough money to support himself and his family.He wants more time in the UK to continue running his business.", + "original_question": "Can he apply to extend his visa ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1103", + "question": "Scenario: My friend is a Turkish national and has made a lot of investments in turkey. He is very diverse and plans to apply for a Turkish businessperson visa in order to get a chance to invest in the UK .\n\nQuestion: Are these kinds of visas available?\n\nDocument - Turkish Businessperson visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to extend your Turkish Businessperson visa if you already have permission to stay in the UK as a Turkish Businessperson.\n\nYou can:\n\n- continue running your business in the UK, and start another one\n\n- continue to help run an established business in the UK\n\nYou must meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nNew applications for the Turkish Businessperson visa have closed. Only children under 21 (\u2018child dependants\u2019) can apply to join you in the UK on this visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can only extend your visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\nYou\u2019ll need to meet the eligibility requirements to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa for up to 3 years.\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nAfter 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply to extend your visa online.\n\nYour partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019) can apply separately to extend their dependant visas, if they already have them.\n\nIf your children or your partner\u2019s children want to join you from outside the UK, they\u2019ll need to apply as your dependants.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa extension within 6 months.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith a Turkish Businessperson visa extension you can:\n\n- keep running your business in the UK, and start another one\n\n- keep being a partner in an existing business which you\u2019ll have an active part in running\n\n- apply to extend your stay if you meet the eligibility requirements\n\n- study\n\n- do voluntary work\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- change jobs or employer\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Turkish Businessperson visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible to apply for an extension of your Turkish Businessperson visa you need to:\n\n- have a valid Turkish Businessperson visa\n\n- show you have not broken any immigration laws\n\n- keep running a viable business\n\n- keep being able to pay your share of the costs of running the business\n\n- show that your share of the profits continue to be enough to support you and your family without your needing to have another job\n\nIf you are part of an existing partnership or company you\u2019ll need to show that you still have an active part in running the business.\n\n## Documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply to extend your visa you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- proof that you can support and house yourself and your dependants during your stay, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months\n\n- proof of your living costs, such as a tenancy agreement, mortgage agreement, utility bills, council tax statement, bank statements, documents relating to transfer of money to relatives abroad\n\n- proof of state benefits you\u2019ve received in the UK\n\n- a biometric residence permit showing your Turkish Businessperson visa\n\n- your police registration certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.\n\nYou may be asked to get a police certificate for yourself and your family in the UK if you or they don\u2019t already have one.\n\n## Proof for your business\n\nYou should provide proof that you\u2019re currently running your business\n\n## If you\u2019re continuing to run a business or partnership\n\nYou may need to provide proof such as:\n\n- insurance documents\n\n- business accounts prepared by a chartered accountant or approved by an auditor\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) documents (including evidence of payment)\n\n- qualifications for running the business, such as relevant formal qualifications or evidence of previous relevant experience\n\n- evidence of your finances and your investment in the business, such as UK or overseas bank statements, overseas money transfers, and bank loans\n\n- evidence of any financial assistance from a third party (for example family member), such as bank statements or other financial documents as evidence of their finances, and a legal or other document confirming their involvement in and share of the business\n\n- a document setting out the terms of your involvement in the business\n\n## If you\u2019re establishing another business or partnership\n\nYou may need to provide proof such as:\n\n- a business plan\n\n- evidence you are investing money of your own into the new business\n\n- documents for your business premises\n\n- partnership agreements\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can usually apply to extend a Turkish Businessperson visa if you\u2019re in the UK and all of the following are true:\n\n- your business is still going\n\n- you\u2019re still able to pay your share of the costs of running the business (its liabilities)\n\n- your share of the profits will be enough to support you and your dependants without you needing to have another job\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately, including children who have turned 21 during your stay.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to extend your Turkish Businessperson visa\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to extend their permission to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. To do this, they must have a valid dependant visa.\n\nYour children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Worker visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.\n\nIf their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 21 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 21 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## Your child\n\nYour child must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nFor each family member in the UK applying to extend you must have:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- a biometric residence permit (BRP) showing their current dependant visa\n\n- proof that you have sole responsibility for any dependants aged under 21 if the other parent will not be in the UK, for example written permission or relevant legal documents\n\n- proof that you can support and house yourself and your dependants during your stay, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months\n\nIf your dependant is in the UK and was asked to register with the police when they arrived, you must also provide their police registration certificate.\n\n## Applying inside the UK (extend)\n\nYour partner or children who are already in the UK can apply to extend their visa.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- include your dependants on your visa extension application\n\n- ask your dependant to apply separately\n\n## How to apply\n\nIf the dependant is your partner, they must apply online as a partner.\n\nYou need to apply online for your child.\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Applying from outside the UK\n\nYour children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Businessperson visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.\n\nIf you\u2019re already in the UK and want your child to join you, they must apply online for a dependant visa.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-business-person", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend is a Turkish national and has made a lot of investments in turkey. He is very diverse and plans to apply for a Turkish businessperson visa in order to get a chance to invest in the UK .", + "original_question": "Are these kinds of visas available?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1104", + "question": "Scenario: My friend James is 27 years old from New Zealand . He wishes to apply for a Youth mobility scheme visa to come to the UK and establish a business. He wants to be self-employed.\n\nQuestion: Is he elligible ?\n\nDocument - Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you:\n\n- want to live and work in the UK for up to 2 years\n\n- are aged 18 to 30\n\n- have \u00a32,530 in savings\n\n- have certain types of British Nationality or are from certain countries or territories\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Youth Mobility Scheme) visa.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 6 months before you travel.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3244 to apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a visa to live and work in the UK for up to 24 months.\n\nYou can enter the UK at any time while your visa is valid, and leave and come back at any time during your stay.\n\nIf you turn 31 while you\u2019re in the UK, you can stay for as long as your visa is valid.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate\n\n- work in most jobs\n\n- be self-employed and set up a company - as long as your premises are rented, your equipment is not worth more than \u00a35,000 and you do not have any employees\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- work as a professional sportsperson (for example as a coach)\n\n- extend your stay\n\n- get public funds\n\n- bring in family members on your application - they must apply separately\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you\u2019re aged 18 to 30 and you\u2019re from:\n\n- Australia\n\n- Canada\n\n- Monaco\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- San Marino\n\nYou must be selected in the Youth Mobility Scheme ballot before you can apply for your visa if you\u2019re from:\n\n- Hong Kong\n\n- Japan\n\n- South Korea\n\n- Taiwan\n\nYou must also be aged 18 to 30 on the date you apply for your visa.\n\nYou can also apply if you\u2019re 18 to 30 and a:\n\n- British overseas citizen\n\n- British overseas territories citizen\n\n- British national (overseas)\n\nYou cannot apply if you have:\n\n- children under the age of 18 who live with you\n\n- children you\u2019re financially responsible for\n\n- already been in the UK under the scheme\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a32,530 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show proof of this when you apply.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- a bank statement showing you have at least \u00a32,530 in savings\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the Youth Mobility Scheme guidance before you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re from Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea or Taiwan, you must be successfully selected in the Youth Mobility Scheme ballot before you can apply for your visa.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/youth-mobility", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend James is 27 years old from New Zealand . He wishes to apply for a Youth mobility scheme visa to come to the UK and establish a business. He wants to be self-employed.", + "original_question": "Is he elligible ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1105", + "question": "Scenario: Chloe is a Canadian national. She is in the UK under a youth and mobility visa. She is now 8 months pregnant. His boyfriend is a British national\n\nQuestion: Will the baby be a British citizen?\n\nDocument - Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you:\n\n- want to live and work in the UK for up to 2 years\n\n- are aged 18 to 30\n\n- have \u00a32,530 in savings\n\n- have certain types of British Nationality or are from certain countries or territories\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Youth Mobility Scheme) visa.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 6 months before you travel.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3244 to apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a visa to live and work in the UK for up to 24 months.\n\nYou can enter the UK at any time while your visa is valid, and leave and come back at any time during your stay.\n\nIf you turn 31 while you\u2019re in the UK, you can stay for as long as your visa is valid.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate\n\n- work in most jobs\n\n- be self-employed and set up a company - as long as your premises are rented, your equipment is not worth more than \u00a35,000 and you do not have any employees\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- work as a professional sportsperson (for example as a coach)\n\n- extend your stay\n\n- get public funds\n\n- bring in family members on your application - they must apply separately\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you\u2019re aged 18 to 30 and you\u2019re from:\n\n- Australia\n\n- Canada\n\n- Monaco\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- San Marino\n\nYou must be selected in the Youth Mobility Scheme ballot before you can apply for your visa if you\u2019re from:\n\n- Hong Kong\n\n- Japan\n\n- South Korea\n\n- Taiwan\n\nYou must also be aged 18 to 30 on the date you apply for your visa.\n\nYou can also apply if you\u2019re 18 to 30 and a:\n\n- British overseas citizen\n\n- British overseas territories citizen\n\n- British national (overseas)\n\nYou cannot apply if you have:\n\n- children under the age of 18 who live with you\n\n- children you\u2019re financially responsible for\n\n- already been in the UK under the scheme\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a32,530 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show proof of this when you apply.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- a bank statement showing you have at least \u00a32,530 in savings\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the Youth Mobility Scheme guidance before you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re from Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea or Taiwan, you must be successfully selected in the Youth Mobility Scheme ballot before you can apply for your visa.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/youth-mobility", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Chloe is a Canadian national. She is in the UK under a youth and mobility visa. She is now 8 months pregnant. His boyfriend is a British national", + "original_question": "Will the baby be a British citizen?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1106", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Myra is from Guyana .She wishes to apply for a start up visa . She has very innovative Engineering skills and would like to implement them in the UK vehicle sector.Her Masters In Engineering was taught in English.\n\nQuestion: Does she need to prove her level of English during visa application?\n\nDocument - Start-up visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Start-up visa if:\n\n- you want to set up an innovative business in the UK - it must be something that\u2019s different from anything else on the market\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\n## If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be endorsed by an authorised body that is either:\n\n- a UK higher education institution\n\n- a business organisation with a history of supporting UK entrepreneurs\n\nYou must be able to show that your business idea is:\n\n- a new idea - you cannot join in a business that is already trading\n\n- innovative - you must have an original business idea which is different from anything else on the market\n\n- viable - it has potential for growth\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible for a Start-up visa\n\nYou may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for 2 years if you either:\n\n- come to the UK on a Start-up visa\n\n- switch to this visa from another visa while in the UK\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou cannot apply to extend this visa.\n\nYou may be able to switch to an Innovator visa if you set up a business while on a Start-up visa and:\n\n- your endorsing body assessed and agreed it\n\n- it is active, trading and sustainable\n\n- you have day to day involvement in it\n\n## If your endorsement is withdrawn\n\nYour visa may be cut short if your endorsement is withdrawn by the endorsing body. If you want to stay longer, you must re-apply with a new endorsement before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can only stay for a total of 2 years even if you\u2019re granted a new visa with a new endorsement.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nYou can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:\n\n- 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\nIf you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nHow much you pay for a Start-up visa depends on your situation and where you apply from.\n\n| Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply (outside the UK) | Switch (in the UK) |\n\n| Yourself | \u00a3363 | \u00a3493 |\n\n| Your partner and children | \u00a3363 each person | \u00a3493 each person |\n\nYou must pay the visa fee for each person that applies at the same time as you or applies later to join you in the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to switch in the UK\n\nYou may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith a Start-up visa you can:\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\n- work in another job, as well as working for your business\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\nYou can also switch to this visa from some other visa categories.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- work as a professional sportsperson, for example a sports coach\n\n- settle in the UK on this visa\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Start-up visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nBefore you apply you need to have your business or business idea assessed by an endorsing body.\n\nThey will provide you with an endorsement letter if your business is viable.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be at least 18 years old\n\n- meet the English language requirement\n\n- be able to prove that you have enough personal savings to support yourself while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nRead the specific requirements for the Start-up visa before you apply.\n\n## Supporting yourself\n\nYou need to have had at least \u00a31270 in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply, or if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than a year and applying to switch to this visa.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.\n\n## Level of English\n\nYou must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to a level B2 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by:\n\n- passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider\n\n- having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18\n\n- having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply for confirmation through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\n## Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you need to provide an \u2018endorsement letter\u2019 to show that an endorsing body has assessed your business.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- bank statements showing you\u2019ve had at least \u00a31270 in savings in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply\n\n- proof that you meet the English language requirement\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Start-up visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply for a Start-up visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must each have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nIn addition to the \u00a31,270 you must have to support yourself, you - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have had the money in your bank account or your dependant\u2019s bank account for at least 28 days before you or they apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless you or they are applying from inside the UK and you\u2019ve been here for 1 year or more.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must either:\n\n- apply online as a partner\n\n- apply online as a child\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. This is to get a biometric residence permit, which they\u2019ll need to collect within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (switch)\n\nApply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children will not be able to apply to switch to a Start-up visa if they are currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and child must apply online to either:\n\n- switch to a Start-up visa as your partner\n\n- switch to a Start-up visa as your child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## Getting a faster decision\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Start-up visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply to switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements.\n\n## Who cannot apply to switch to this visa\n\nYou cannot switch to this visa if you have one of the following:\n\n- a visit visa\n\n- a short-term student visa\n\n- a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- a seasonal worker visa\n\n- a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- immigration bail\n\n- permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\nYou must leave the UK and make your application from abroad if you\u2019re here on a different type of visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years on a Start-up visa. Any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa counts as part of the 2 years.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nCheck the visa application fees.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.\n\n## Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply to switch to a Start-up visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/start-up-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Myra is from Guyana .She wishes to apply for a start up visa . She has very innovative Engineering skills and would like to implement them in the UK vehicle sector.Her Masters In Engineering was taught in English.", + "original_question": "Does she need to prove her level of English during visa application?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1110", + "question": "Scenario: I am from abroad . I came to the UK under a parent child student visa. Due to the covid pandemic, life has become very hard. My child is 7 years old and needs good care.\n\nQuestion: Can I be allowed to work?\n\nDocument - Parent of a Child Student visa:\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can only apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa if your child has or is applying for a Child Student visa. Or if they currently have a Tier 4 (Child) visa.\n\nYour child must be aged between 4 and 11 when you apply, and be attending an independent school in the UK.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK\n\n- have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK\n\n- maintain your main home outside the UK\n\n- plan to leave the UK when your visa expires\n\n## Bringing family members with you\n\nTo be eligible for a Parent of a Child Student visa you must be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK. The child\u2019s other parent must live abroad, and cannot apply to join you in the UK.\n\nYou can bring your other children with you if they also have or are applying for a Child Student visa.\n\nYou cannot bring other family members with you on this visa. They may be able to apply to come to the UK on a short-term visit visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to come to the UK for more than 6 months. The earliest your Parent of a Child Student visa will start from is 1 January 2021.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK until your child\u2019s visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.\n\nYou can extend your visa while in the UK as long as you meet the eligibility requirements.\n\n## If you leave the UK\n\nIf your child is staying in education in the UK without you, you must make arrangements for their ongoing care. For example, if your child turns 12 and their visa is still valid, they may be able to start boarding at their current school, or live with other family members in the UK.\n\n## What you cannot do\n\nWhile you\u2019re in the UK on a Parent of a Child Student visa, you cannot:\n\n- do paid work\n\n- study\n\n- start a business\n\n- make the UK your main home\n\n- apply for benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- bring other family members with you\n\n- switch to a different type of visa\n\n## Money you need\n\nWhen you apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa, you must:\n\n- pay the application fee\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay\n\n- prove that you have enough money to support yourself and your child while you\u2019re in the UK\n\n## Visa application fee\n\nA Parent of a Child Student visa costs \u00a3516.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online application. It usually costs \u00a3624 per year.\n\nThis is so you can use the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll need to pay before you apply.\n\nYou pay the surcharge as part of your online visa application.\n\n## Money to support yourself and your child\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that you have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need \u00a31,560 for each month of your stay up to a maximum of 9 months. This amount is to support both you and your child.\n\nFor example, if you\u2019re staying for 9 months or longer you\u2019ll need to prove you have \u00a314,040 (9 months \u00d7 \u00a31,560).\n\n## If you want to bring your other children\n\nYou\u2019ll need an extra \u00a3625 per month, up to a maximum of 9 months, for each additional child that accompanies you to the UK. They must be a sibling of your other child and also have a Child Student visa.\n\n## If you\u2019re extending your visa\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa, you do not need to prove you have money to support yourself and your child for your visa application.\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel document\n\n- proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa\n\n- evidence that you have a permanent home outside the UK\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test\n\n- a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Parent of a Child Student visa before you travel to the UK.\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 6 months before you travel to the UK.\n\nCheck what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Apply online\n\nAs part of your online application, you will need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply online\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa while in the UK as long as you and your child meet the eligibility requirements. This includes if your child currently has a Tier 4 (Child) student visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nWhen you extend your visa you can stay in the UK until the date your child\u2019s student visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.\n\n## When to apply to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you get a decision on your visa application.\n\n## Apply to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point. At the appointment you must provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo). It costs \u00a319.20.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply to extend\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 8 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\nIf you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am from abroad . I came to the UK under a parent child student visa. Due to the covid pandemic, life has become very hard. My child is 7 years old and needs good care.", + "original_question": "Can I be allowed to work?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1111", + "question": "Scenario: My partner and I live abroad.We are planning to take our daughter to an independent school in the UK when she turns 5. We admire the UK National curriculum.\n\nQuestion: Can i bring other young daughter through this visa?\n\nDocument - Parent of a Child Student visa:\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can only apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa if your child has or is applying for a Child Student visa. Or if they currently have a Tier 4 (Child) visa.\n\nYour child must be aged between 4 and 11 when you apply, and be attending an independent school in the UK.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK\n\n- have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK\n\n- maintain your main home outside the UK\n\n- plan to leave the UK when your visa expires\n\n## Bringing family members with you\n\nTo be eligible for a Parent of a Child Student visa you must be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK. The child\u2019s other parent must live abroad, and cannot apply to join you in the UK.\n\nYou can bring your other children with you if they also have or are applying for a Child Student visa.\n\nYou cannot bring other family members with you on this visa. They may be able to apply to come to the UK on a short-term visit visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to come to the UK for more than 6 months. The earliest your Parent of a Child Student visa will start from is 1 January 2021.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK until your child\u2019s visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.\n\nYou can extend your visa while in the UK as long as you meet the eligibility requirements.\n\n## If you leave the UK\n\nIf your child is staying in education in the UK without you, you must make arrangements for their ongoing care. For example, if your child turns 12 and their visa is still valid, they may be able to start boarding at their current school, or live with other family members in the UK.\n\n## What you cannot do\n\nWhile you\u2019re in the UK on a Parent of a Child Student visa, you cannot:\n\n- do paid work\n\n- study\n\n- start a business\n\n- make the UK your main home\n\n- apply for benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- bring other family members with you\n\n- switch to a different type of visa\n\n## Money you need\n\nWhen you apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa, you must:\n\n- pay the application fee\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay\n\n- prove that you have enough money to support yourself and your child while you\u2019re in the UK\n\n## Visa application fee\n\nA Parent of a Child Student visa costs \u00a3516.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online application. It usually costs \u00a3624 per year.\n\nThis is so you can use the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll need to pay before you apply.\n\nYou pay the surcharge as part of your online visa application.\n\n## Money to support yourself and your child\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that you have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need \u00a31,560 for each month of your stay up to a maximum of 9 months. This amount is to support both you and your child.\n\nFor example, if you\u2019re staying for 9 months or longer you\u2019ll need to prove you have \u00a314,040 (9 months \u00d7 \u00a31,560).\n\n## If you want to bring your other children\n\nYou\u2019ll need an extra \u00a3625 per month, up to a maximum of 9 months, for each additional child that accompanies you to the UK. They must be a sibling of your other child and also have a Child Student visa.\n\n## If you\u2019re extending your visa\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa, you do not need to prove you have money to support yourself and your child for your visa application.\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel document\n\n- proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa\n\n- evidence that you have a permanent home outside the UK\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test\n\n- a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Parent of a Child Student visa before you travel to the UK.\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 6 months before you travel to the UK.\n\nCheck what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Apply online\n\nAs part of your online application, you will need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply online\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa while in the UK as long as you and your child meet the eligibility requirements. This includes if your child currently has a Tier 4 (Child) student visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nWhen you extend your visa you can stay in the UK until the date your child\u2019s student visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.\n\n## When to apply to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you get a decision on your visa application.\n\n## Apply to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point. At the appointment you must provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo). It costs \u00a319.20.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply to extend\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 8 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\nIf you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner and I live abroad.We are planning to take our daughter to an independent school in the UK when she turns 5. We admire the UK National curriculum.", + "original_question": "Can i bring other young daughter through this visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1112", + "question": "Scenario: I am an overseas Engineering student and I would like to undertake a short work experience opportunities in Engineering companies in the UK . I am under the umbrella of Twin Training International. I want to apply for a Government Authorized exchange Visa.\n\nQuestion: Can i stay for a year with this Visa in the UK?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5) if you:\n\n- want to come to the UK for a short time for work experience or to do training, an Overseas Government Language Programme, research or a fellowship through an approved government authorised exchange scheme\n\n- have a sponsor\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed sponsor before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nYour work, training or research in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\nYour sponsor can be any of the following:\n\n- an organisation running an approved exchange scheme\n\n- a higher education institution (if you are a sponsored researcher, visiting academic or examiner)\n\n- a government department or agency\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 12 or 24 months (depending on the scheme you\u2019re applying for) or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week as well as your main job\n\n- apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Global Talent visa if you\u2019re in the government authorised exchange scheme for sponsored researchers\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- take a permanent job\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have both of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.\n\nThey must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example your working hours.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to add your certificate of sponsorship reference number to your application form - you can only use it once.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou must also provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou might be able to extend your stay. You must still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nYou must apply while you\u2019re still in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to stay in the UK for up to a maximum of:\n\n- 12 months, if you\u2019re doing work experience\n\n- 24 months, if you\u2019re doing research, training or an Overseas Government Language Programme\n\nYou can also stay for the length of time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Changing your sponsor\n\nYou must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re a:\n\n- student, whether studying, resitting an examination or writing a thesis\n\n- student union sabbatical officer\n\n- student nurse\n\n- postgraduate doctor or dentist\n\n- student visa holder (including Tier 4)\n\n- sponsored researcher who came to the UK on a work permit and you want to continue in the same job with your sponsor\n\nYou must have completed a UK bachelor\u2019s or master\u2019s degree during your last grant of leave.\n\nYou must also meet the other eligibility requirements.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to switch your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government-authorised-exchange", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an overseas Engineering student and I would like to undertake a short work experience opportunities in Engineering companies in the UK . I am under the umbrella of Twin Training International. I want to apply for a Government Authorized exchange Visa.", + "original_question": "Can i stay for a year with this Visa in the UK?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1113", + "question": "Scenario: I am an overseas medical researcher under a Government Authorized Exchange Program. I have won a research award. I would like to continue with my research work.\n\nQuestion: Can i switch my visa to Global Talent visa within the UK?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5) if you:\n\n- want to come to the UK for a short time for work experience or to do training, an Overseas Government Language Programme, research or a fellowship through an approved government authorised exchange scheme\n\n- have a sponsor\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed sponsor before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nYour work, training or research in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\nYour sponsor can be any of the following:\n\n- an organisation running an approved exchange scheme\n\n- a higher education institution (if you are a sponsored researcher, visiting academic or examiner)\n\n- a government department or agency\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 12 or 24 months (depending on the scheme you\u2019re applying for) or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week as well as your main job\n\n- apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Global Talent visa if you\u2019re in the government authorised exchange scheme for sponsored researchers\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- take a permanent job\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have both of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.\n\nThey must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example your working hours.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to add your certificate of sponsorship reference number to your application form - you can only use it once.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou must also provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou might be able to extend your stay. You must still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nYou must apply while you\u2019re still in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to stay in the UK for up to a maximum of:\n\n- 12 months, if you\u2019re doing work experience\n\n- 24 months, if you\u2019re doing research, training or an Overseas Government Language Programme\n\nYou can also stay for the length of time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Changing your sponsor\n\nYou must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re a:\n\n- student, whether studying, resitting an examination or writing a thesis\n\n- student union sabbatical officer\n\n- student nurse\n\n- postgraduate doctor or dentist\n\n- student visa holder (including Tier 4)\n\n- sponsored researcher who came to the UK on a work permit and you want to continue in the same job with your sponsor\n\nYou must have completed a UK bachelor\u2019s or master\u2019s degree during your last grant of leave.\n\nYou must also meet the other eligibility requirements.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to switch your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government-authorised-exchange", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an overseas medical researcher under a Government Authorized Exchange Program. I have won a research award. I would like to continue with my research work.", + "original_question": "Can i switch my visa to Global Talent visa within the UK?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1114", + "question": "Scenario: I am a business director running a shoe company in the UK.I am currently under an entrepreneur visa. I have created job opportunities for 5 employees and a running capital of over \u00a3200,000 in the bank account. I would like to extend my visa .\n\nQuestion: Do i qualify?\n\nDocument - Entrepreneur visa (Tier 1):\n## Overview\n\nYou can no longer apply for a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa.\n\nIf you want to set up or run a business in the UK you might be able to apply for an Innovator visa or a Start-up visa.\n\n## If you already have a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa\n\nYou can still apply:\n\n- to settle in the UK (indefinite leave to remain)\n\n- to extend your visa\n\n- for family members to join you\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou may be able to extend your Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa if you:\n\n- registered as a director or as self-employed no more than 6 months after the date you were given permission to stay in the UK under a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa\n\n- can prove you\u2019ve been self-employed, a member of a partnership or working as a director of a business 3 months before you apply\n\n- created at least 2 full time jobs that have existed for at least 12 months\n\n- can continue to support yourself\n\nYou must have invested into 1 or more UK businesses either:\n\n- \u00a3200,000 in cash\n\n- \u00a350,000 in cash\n\nThe amount depends on the level of funds your initial application was based on.\n\nYou should include any dependants who are on your current visa on your application to extend - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nYou should read the full guidance on the Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa before you apply.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a31,277 to extend this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. You\u2019ll pay as part of your application.\n\n## How to extend your visa if you\u2019re in the UK\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made on your application within 8 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer. This could be because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## How to extend your visa if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re outside the UK, you must apply online to extend a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nIf you\u2019re already in the UK you may be able to switch to a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa if:\n\n- you\u2019re on a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa\n\n- you switched to a Start-up visa from a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa for your second year\n\nYou must meet the eligibility requirements for a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa. You must have:\n\n- \u00a350,000 in funds to spend in the UK\n\n- a viable business plan\n\nYou must apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for 3 years if your application to switch is successful.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a31,277 to switch to this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. You\u2019ll pay as part of your application.\n\n## How to apply to switch your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance on the Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to switch to this visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made on your application within 8 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer. This could be because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\n## Switching to this visa if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYou can apply to switch to a Tier 1 (Entrepreneur) visa if you have:\n\n- a valid Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa\n\n- a valid Start-up visa, and you switched from a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa for your second year\n\n- a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa that expired less than 12 months ago\n\n- a Start-up visa that expired less than 12 months ago, and you switched from a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa for your second year\n\n## Family members\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can join you if you\u2019re in the UK on this visa. Your family members must apply for their own visa.\n\nIf they\u2019re from the European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland and arrive before 1 January 2021, they may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nA \u2018dependant\u2019 is any of the following:\n\n- your partner\n\n- your child under 18\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as a dependant\n\nRead the guidance on dependant applications before you apply.\n\nAdult family members must provide a criminal record certificate from any country they have lived in for 12 months or more in the last 10 years.\n\n## Savings\n\nYou must show that your dependants can be supported while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nEach dependant must have a certain amount of money available to them - this is in addition to the \u00a3945 you must have to support yourself.\n\nThe amount depends on your circumstances. You must have \u00a31,890 for each dependant if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 12 months. If you\u2019ve been in the UK for more than 12 months, you must have \u00a3630 for each dependant.\n\nYou must have proof you have the money, and that it\u2019s been in your bank account or your dependant\u2019s bank account for at least 90 days before you or they apply.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a31878 for each family member.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken. They\u2019ll pay as part of their application.\n\nIf your family member is applying from within the UK, they may be able to pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a faster decision.\n\n## Dependants applying outside the UK\n\nYour family members must apply online.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of their application.\n\nThey\u2019ll have to collect their biometric residence permit within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if they actually arrive at a later date).\n\nThey may be able to get their visa faster or other services depending on what country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.\n\nIf your child is over 18 they cannot apply if they are outside the UK. They can apply from inside the UK if they are already here as your dependant.\n\n## Dependants applying in the UK on their own\n\nYour dependants can apply to extend or switch their visas to stay with you if they\u2019re already in the UK. Dependants must either:\n\n- apply online as a dependant partner\n\n- apply online as a dependant child\n\nFamily members cannot apply in the UK as your dependant if they hold a visitor visa.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen they apply, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo).\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nThey\u2019ll be contacted if their application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if their supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if they need to attend an interview\n\n- because of their personal circumstances (for example if they have a criminal conviction)\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied they can stay in the UK until they\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as they applied before their last visa expired.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYour family can get help with completing the online form if they:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYour family can only use this service if they\u2019re applying to extend or switch to your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Children born while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf you have children while you\u2019re in the UK, you can apply online to add them to your visa as your dependant.\n\nYou must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tier-1-entrepreneur", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a business director running a shoe company in the UK.I am currently under an entrepreneur visa. I have created job opportunities for 5 employees and a running capital of over \u00a3200,000 in the bank account. I would like to extend my visa .", + "original_question": "Do i qualify?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1116", + "question": "Scenario: I have received my religious worker Visa to work in a hospice Center in the UK. I am from Ghana. I would like to take some holidays within the year and visit my aging parents in Ghana.\n\nQuestion: Can that be allowed or can i extend it ?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5) if:\n\n- you want to do religious work in a non-pastoral role or religious order\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Religious Worker) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou must have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed sponsor before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to your sponsor organisation\u2019s work.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you are applying to extend from inside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend from inside the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a visa to live and work in the UK for up to 24 months, or up to 28 days more than the time on your certificate of sponsorship. You may be sponsored for a shorter period.\n\nYou can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week outside the hours of your main job\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week outside the hours of your main job\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot get public funds.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have both of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about the job you\u2019ll do and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYour sponsor must also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, for example your working hours.\n\nYour sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\nYou must apply again if you want to change your job within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 24 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days - whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK to extend\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend as a partner\n\n- extend as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/religious-worker-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have received my religious worker Visa to work in a hospice Center in the UK. I am from Ghana. I would like to take some holidays within the year and visit my aging parents in Ghana.", + "original_question": "Can that be allowed or can i extend it ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1117", + "question": "Scenario: I would like to apply for a Religious worker visa to work in a charity in the UK. I have a family and my children are at school age.\n\nQuestion: Can i apply together with my family?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5) if:\n\n- you want to do religious work in a non-pastoral role or religious order\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Religious Worker) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou must have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed sponsor before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to your sponsor organisation\u2019s work.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you are applying to extend from inside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend from inside the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a visa to live and work in the UK for up to 24 months, or up to 28 days more than the time on your certificate of sponsorship. You may be sponsored for a shorter period.\n\nYou can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week outside the hours of your main job\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week outside the hours of your main job\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot get public funds.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have both of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about the job you\u2019ll do and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYour sponsor must also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, for example your working hours.\n\nYour sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\nYou must apply again if you want to change your job within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 24 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days - whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK to extend\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend as a partner\n\n- extend as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/religious-worker-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I would like to apply for a Religious worker visa to work in a charity in the UK. I have a family and my children are at school age.", + "original_question": "Can i apply together with my family?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1118", + "question": "Scenario: Mark is a musician from Brazil . He had visited the UK to perform several music concerts under a creative and sporting visa concession. His time on his concession is about to expire and he has still more work to do.\n\nQuestion: Can he extend his stay?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou must apply for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if:\n\n- you\u2019ve been offered work in the UK as a sports person or creative worker\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nA creative worker is someone who works in the creative industry, for example an actor, dancer, musician or film crew member.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can come to the UK for a maximum of up to 12 months, or the time given in your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou may be able to extend your visa.\n\nYour stay must start no more than 14 days before the start date on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nIf you intend to work in the UK for 3 months or less, you may be able to use the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession instead of applying for the visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition\n\n- work as a sports broadcaster\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start your own business\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour eligibility for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) depends on whether you\u2019re a sports person or a creative worker.\n\n## Sports person\n\nYou need to make a significant contribution to your sport at the highest level in the UK to be eligible for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need all of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Creative worker\n\nYou need all of the following to be eligible for the creative category:\n\n- make a unique contribution to the UK labour market, for example you\u2019re internationally renowned or are required for continuity\n\n- certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- be paid the minimum salary as set by Equity, PACT or BECTU (except for models, musicians or circuses)\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nYou need a licensed sponsor to give you a certificate of sponsorship before you can apply to work in the UK.\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.\n\nThey must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example how much you\u2019ll be paid.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Changing your sponsor\n\nYou must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\nChanging your sponsor does not change how long you can stay in the UK. You can only stay the maximum length of time allowed by this visa.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor needs to give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship if you need to leave and come back to the UK as part of the job you\u2019re doing.\n\n## Multiple jobs when you\u2019re a creative worker\n\nYour sponsor can give you a certificate that covers the entire length of your stay, even if you need to perform at more than one engagement. If you\u2019re working for more than one sponsor, you can get a certificate from each sponsor.\n\nThere cannot be a gap of more than 14 days between each job. If you leave the UK and come back, your time away will not count towards those 14 days.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a letter of endorsement from your sport\u2019s governing body, if you\u2019re applying as a sportsperson or coach\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou cannot extend your stay if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\nYou must be in the UK to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\n## Creative worker\n\nYou can extend your visa for whichever is the shortest of:\n\n- up to 12 months\n\n- the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days\n\n- the time needed to extend your stay to the maximum of 24 months\n\nYou must stay with the same sponsor.\n\n## Sports person\n\nYou can extend your visa up to 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can switch to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if you\u2019re in the UK on a Standard Visitor visa and your sponsor gave you a certificate of sponsorship for this visa before you came to the UK.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou cannot switch to this visa if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for a maximum of up to 12 months after switching to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to switch to this visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession\n\nYou can enter the UK without applying for a visa in advance if you:\n\n- have a valid Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) certificate of sponsorship\n\n- are coming to work in the UK for 3 months or less\n\n- do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor\n\nYou must still meet the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) eligibility criteria.\n\nYou will not be able to extend your stay while you are in the UK, or switch to another temporary worker visa or a Skilled Worker visa.\n\nYour partner and children can travel with you if they also do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor.\n\n## When you arrive in the UK\n\nYou must see an immigration officer when you arrive in the UK - do not use the automatic ePassport gates. The officer will check:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship is valid\n\n- you have enough money to support yourself\n\nYou will not be allowed to work if you use an automatic ePassport gate. You must see an immigration officer.\n\n## If you enter the UK from Ireland\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling to the UK from Ireland using the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession, you must apply for remote clearance at least 72 hours before you arrive in the UK.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition\n\n- work as a sports broadcaster\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start your own business\n\n- extend your stay or switch to another visa", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Mark is a musician from Brazil . He had visited the UK to perform several music concerts under a creative and sporting visa concession. His time on his concession is about to expire and he has still more work to do.", + "original_question": "Can he extend his stay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1119", + "question": "Scenario: Lisa is an elite pianist from China. Has been invited by her sponsor melody Orchestra to perform in England for musical concerts and have hands on job training.\n\nQuestion: Can she apply for creative and sports visa?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou must apply for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if:\n\n- you\u2019ve been offered work in the UK as a sports person or creative worker\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nA creative worker is someone who works in the creative industry, for example an actor, dancer, musician or film crew member.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can come to the UK for a maximum of up to 12 months, or the time given in your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou may be able to extend your visa.\n\nYour stay must start no more than 14 days before the start date on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nIf you intend to work in the UK for 3 months or less, you may be able to use the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession instead of applying for the visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition\n\n- work as a sports broadcaster\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start your own business\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour eligibility for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) depends on whether you\u2019re a sports person or a creative worker.\n\n## Sports person\n\nYou need to make a significant contribution to your sport at the highest level in the UK to be eligible for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need all of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Creative worker\n\nYou need all of the following to be eligible for the creative category:\n\n- make a unique contribution to the UK labour market, for example you\u2019re internationally renowned or are required for continuity\n\n- certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- be paid the minimum salary as set by Equity, PACT or BECTU (except for models, musicians or circuses)\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nYou need a licensed sponsor to give you a certificate of sponsorship before you can apply to work in the UK.\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.\n\nThey must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example how much you\u2019ll be paid.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Changing your sponsor\n\nYou must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\nChanging your sponsor does not change how long you can stay in the UK. You can only stay the maximum length of time allowed by this visa.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor needs to give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship if you need to leave and come back to the UK as part of the job you\u2019re doing.\n\n## Multiple jobs when you\u2019re a creative worker\n\nYour sponsor can give you a certificate that covers the entire length of your stay, even if you need to perform at more than one engagement. If you\u2019re working for more than one sponsor, you can get a certificate from each sponsor.\n\nThere cannot be a gap of more than 14 days between each job. If you leave the UK and come back, your time away will not count towards those 14 days.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a letter of endorsement from your sport\u2019s governing body, if you\u2019re applying as a sportsperson or coach\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou cannot extend your stay if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\nYou must be in the UK to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\n## Creative worker\n\nYou can extend your visa for whichever is the shortest of:\n\n- up to 12 months\n\n- the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days\n\n- the time needed to extend your stay to the maximum of 24 months\n\nYou must stay with the same sponsor.\n\n## Sports person\n\nYou can extend your visa up to 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can switch to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if you\u2019re in the UK on a Standard Visitor visa and your sponsor gave you a certificate of sponsorship for this visa before you came to the UK.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou cannot switch to this visa if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for a maximum of up to 12 months after switching to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to switch to this visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession\n\nYou can enter the UK without applying for a visa in advance if you:\n\n- have a valid Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) certificate of sponsorship\n\n- are coming to work in the UK for 3 months or less\n\n- do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor\n\nYou must still meet the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) eligibility criteria.\n\nYou will not be able to extend your stay while you are in the UK, or switch to another temporary worker visa or a Skilled Worker visa.\n\nYour partner and children can travel with you if they also do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor.\n\n## When you arrive in the UK\n\nYou must see an immigration officer when you arrive in the UK - do not use the automatic ePassport gates. The officer will check:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship is valid\n\n- you have enough money to support yourself\n\nYou will not be allowed to work if you use an automatic ePassport gate. You must see an immigration officer.\n\n## If you enter the UK from Ireland\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling to the UK from Ireland using the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession, you must apply for remote clearance at least 72 hours before you arrive in the UK.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition\n\n- work as a sports broadcaster\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start your own business\n\n- extend your stay or switch to another visa", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Lisa is an elite pianist from China. Has been invited by her sponsor melody Orchestra to perform in England for musical concerts and have hands on job training.", + "original_question": "Can she apply for creative and sports visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1122", + "question": "Scenario: My best friend has agoraphobia and is not able to get out in order to claim child benefit for her two sons. I have said that I am prepared to claim on her behalf.\n\nQuestion: As I am not a relative, can I claim child benefit for my friend's kids?\n\nDocument - Claim and deal with Child Benefit for someone else:\n## If your child has a baby\n\nYou can claim Child Benefit for a child you\u2019re responsible for and their baby.\n\nIf your child is claiming the Child Benefit, you can collect the payment on their behalf by talking to their bank.\n\nThe Child Benefit Office can only pay Child Benefit into one account. This can be a joint account you share with your child, but their name must be on the account too.\n\n## Appointees\n\nYou can apply for the right to deal with the Child Benefit of someone who can\u2019t manage their own affairs, for example because they\u2019re mentally incapable or severely disabled.\n\nThis is called becoming an \u2018appointee\u2019.\n\nYou can apply as an individual or as a voluntary organisation.\n\nIf you\u2019re paid to deal with someone else\u2019s Child Benefit, you\u2019re known as a \u2018paid agent\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019re not an appointee if you just help someone complete their claim form.\n\n## How to become an appointee\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office to apply. They\u2019ll discuss if becoming an appointee is the best option and tell you what you need to do.\n\nYou can arrange with someone\u2019s bank or the Post Office to collect their payments without becoming an appointee.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nAs an appointee, you must do things like:\n\n- complete the claim form\n\n- deal with any letters from the Child Benefit Office\n\n- report any changes that affect Child Benefit\n\n- stop or restart payments where the person or their partner is affected by the High Income Child Benefit Charge\n\nThe Child Benefit will be paid into your bank account.\n\n## How to become a paid agent\n\nYour client must send a letter to the Child Benefit Office, saying you can deal with Child Benefit on their behalf.\n\n## Stop or change an appointee or paid agent\n\nWrite to the Child Benefit Office within one month of when you want to stop or change the appointee.\n\n## Authorisation\n\nThe Child Benefit Helpline can only discuss a claim with the person named on the claim form (or their appointee). A partner or someone else can get general advice but they must be \u2018authorised\u2019 to discuss a claim with the helpline.\n\nThe process is different if you act for a lot of clients or you\u2019re a paid agent.\n\n## Get authorised\n\nThe claimant must fill in form TC689, or write a letter with the same information, and send it to the Tax Credit Office - the address is on the form.\n\nThe authorisation lasts 12 months unless a different end date is put on the form. It usually takes 2 days to get authorised from when your form is received. Usually, you won\u2019t get a letter confirming the authorisation.\n\nThe Child Benefit Office will also need to have received the claimant\u2019s Child Benefit claim form.\n\nMore than one person can be authorised but they each must send a TC689 form.\n\n## If you act for a lot of clients\n\nWrite to the Tax Credit Office to register as an \u2018intermediary organisation\u2019 if you work in the voluntary sector and act for many people.\n\nYou can get urgent authorisation online if you\u2019re an intermediary organisation and you have a completed TC689. You must keep your client\u2019s completed TC689 for 7 years from the date it was signed.\n\n## If you\u2019re a paid agent\n\nYour client must send a letter to the Child Benefit Office, saying you can deal with Child Benefit on their behalf.\n\nTo authorise you to deal with High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge matters they also need to fill in form CH995.\n\n## Cancel an authorisation\n\nAn authorisation can be cancelled by writing to the Child Benefit Office.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-child-benefit-behalf-someone-else", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My best friend has agoraphobia and is not able to get out in order to claim child benefit for her two sons. I have said that I am prepared to claim on her behalf.", + "original_question": "As I am not a relative, can I claim child benefit for my friend's kids?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1123", + "question": "Scenario: My fifteen year old daughter is eight months pregnant with her first child. Whilst this is not idea, we are fully supportive of her. She is not good at dealing with paperwork, however.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim child benefit on behalf of my underage daughter?\n\nDocument - Claim and deal with Child Benefit for someone else:\n## If your child has a baby\n\nYou can claim Child Benefit for a child you\u2019re responsible for and their baby.\n\nIf your child is claiming the Child Benefit, you can collect the payment on their behalf by talking to their bank.\n\nThe Child Benefit Office can only pay Child Benefit into one account. This can be a joint account you share with your child, but their name must be on the account too.\n\n## Appointees\n\nYou can apply for the right to deal with the Child Benefit of someone who can\u2019t manage their own affairs, for example because they\u2019re mentally incapable or severely disabled.\n\nThis is called becoming an \u2018appointee\u2019.\n\nYou can apply as an individual or as a voluntary organisation.\n\nIf you\u2019re paid to deal with someone else\u2019s Child Benefit, you\u2019re known as a \u2018paid agent\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019re not an appointee if you just help someone complete their claim form.\n\n## How to become an appointee\n\nContact the Child Benefit Office to apply. They\u2019ll discuss if becoming an appointee is the best option and tell you what you need to do.\n\nYou can arrange with someone\u2019s bank or the Post Office to collect their payments without becoming an appointee.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nAs an appointee, you must do things like:\n\n- complete the claim form\n\n- deal with any letters from the Child Benefit Office\n\n- report any changes that affect Child Benefit\n\n- stop or restart payments where the person or their partner is affected by the High Income Child Benefit Charge\n\nThe Child Benefit will be paid into your bank account.\n\n## How to become a paid agent\n\nYour client must send a letter to the Child Benefit Office, saying you can deal with Child Benefit on their behalf.\n\n## Stop or change an appointee or paid agent\n\nWrite to the Child Benefit Office within one month of when you want to stop or change the appointee.\n\n## Authorisation\n\nThe Child Benefit Helpline can only discuss a claim with the person named on the claim form (or their appointee). A partner or someone else can get general advice but they must be \u2018authorised\u2019 to discuss a claim with the helpline.\n\nThe process is different if you act for a lot of clients or you\u2019re a paid agent.\n\n## Get authorised\n\nThe claimant must fill in form TC689, or write a letter with the same information, and send it to the Tax Credit Office - the address is on the form.\n\nThe authorisation lasts 12 months unless a different end date is put on the form. It usually takes 2 days to get authorised from when your form is received. Usually, you won\u2019t get a letter confirming the authorisation.\n\nThe Child Benefit Office will also need to have received the claimant\u2019s Child Benefit claim form.\n\nMore than one person can be authorised but they each must send a TC689 form.\n\n## If you act for a lot of clients\n\nWrite to the Tax Credit Office to register as an \u2018intermediary organisation\u2019 if you work in the voluntary sector and act for many people.\n\nYou can get urgent authorisation online if you\u2019re an intermediary organisation and you have a completed TC689. You must keep your client\u2019s completed TC689 for 7 years from the date it was signed.\n\n## If you\u2019re a paid agent\n\nYour client must send a letter to the Child Benefit Office, saying you can deal with Child Benefit on their behalf.\n\nTo authorise you to deal with High Income Child Benefit Tax Charge matters they also need to fill in form CH995.\n\n## Cancel an authorisation\n\nAn authorisation can be cancelled by writing to the Child Benefit Office.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-child-benefit-behalf-someone-else", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My fifteen year old daughter is eight months pregnant with her first child. Whilst this is not idea, we are fully supportive of her. She is not good at dealing with paperwork, however.", + "original_question": "Can I claim child benefit on behalf of my underage daughter?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1124", + "question": "Scenario: we have recently gotten our first born child. we would like to get financial help in raising the child since we are tight financially.\n\nQuestion: can i register to receive child benefits ?\n\nDocument - Register a birth:\n## Overview\n\nYou may not be able to register a birth at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You\u2019ll be able to register at a later date.\n\nFind out if you can register a birth now by:\n\n- contacting the local register office\n\n- asking at the hospital where the baby was born before the mother leaves\n\nThere are different rules for registering a birth in Scotland, registering a birth in Northern Ireland and registering a birth abroad.\n\n## Information you need when registering a birth\n\nWhen registering the birth, you should know:\n\n- place and date of the birth\n\n- name, surname and sex of the baby\n\n- parents\u2019 names, surnames and address\n\n- places and dates of parents\u2019 birth\n\n- date of parents\u2019 marriage or civil partnership\n\n- parents\u2019 jobs\n\n- mother\u2019s maiden surname\n\n## What you should take\n\nIf you can register the birth, you should take at least one form of identification when you go to the register office. You can use:\n\n- passport\n\n- birth certificate\n\n- deed poll\n\n- driving licence\n\n- proof of address (for example, a utility bill)\n\n- Council Tax bill\n\n- marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\nYou should also take your child\u2019s personal child health record or \u2018red book\u2019 as some registrars may ask to see it.\n\nIf you\u2019re going to the register office on your own, you may need proof of paternity from the other parent before you give their details.\n\n## Organisations you need to contact\n\nHaving a child might affect your tax, your benefits and services from your local council.\n\nThe Tell Us Once service can report a birth to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) and your local council in one go. The registrar will let you know if this service is available in your area.\n\nWhen you go to a Tell Us Once appointment, you\u2019ll be asked about:\n\n- the people who\u2019ll be named on the birth register\n\n- any partners that live with them\n\nFor each person, you\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- their address and phone number\n\n- their date of birth\n\n- their National Insurance number\n\n- details of any benefits they get or have applied for\n\nIf the Tell Us Once service is not available in your area, you\u2019ll need to contact Jobcentre Plus and your local council about your benefits and services.\n\n## After the birth is registered\n\nOnce you\u2019ve registered the birth, you may be able to claim:\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n## Who can register a birth\n\n## Opposite-sex couples\n\n## Married or civil-partner parents\n\nEither parent can register the birth on their own. They can include both parents\u2019 details if they were married or in a civil partnership when the baby was born or conceived.\n\n## Unmarried parents\n\nThe details of both parents can be included on the birth certificate if one of the following happens:\n\n- they sign the birth register together\n\n- one parent completes a statutory declaration of parentage form and the other takes the signed form to register the birth\n\n- one parent goes to register the birth with a document from the court (for example, a court order) giving the father parental responsibility\n\nThe mother can choose to register the birth without the child\u2019s father if they\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership. The father\u2019s details will not be included on the birth certificate.\n\nIt might be possible to add the father\u2019s details at a later date by completing an application for the re-registration of a child\u2019s birth.\n\n## Same-sex female couples\n\nFemale couples can include both their names on their child\u2019s birth certificate when registering the birth.\n\n## Married or civil-partner parents\n\nEither parent can register the birth on their own if all of the following are true:\n\n- the mother has a child by donor insemination or fertility treatment\n\n- she was married or in a civil partnership at the time of the treatment\n\n## Unmarried, non-civil-partner parents\n\nWhen a mother is not married or in a civil partnership, her partner can be seen as the child\u2019s second parent if both women:\n\n- are treated together in the UK by a licensed clinic\n\n- have made a \u2018parenthood agreement\u2019\n\nHowever, for both parents\u2019 details to be recorded on the birth certificate, they must do one of the following:\n\n- register the birth jointly\n\n- complete a \u2018Statutory declaration of acknowledgement of parentage\u2019 form and one parent takes the signed form when she registers the birth\n\n- get a document from the court (for example, a court order) giving the second female parent parental responsibility and one parent shows the document when she registers the birth\n\n## Same-sex male couples\n\nMale couples must get a parental order from the court before they can be registered as parents.\n\n## Other people who can register a birth\n\nIf the parents cannot register the birth (for example, for medical reasons), certain other people can do it:\n\n- someone who was present at the birth\n\n- someone who is responsible for the child\n\n- a member of the administrative staff at the hospital where the child was born\n\n## Birth certificates\n\nYou may not get a certificate straight away because of coronavirus (COVID-19). The register office will tell you when you can get a certificate.\n\nThere are 2 types of birth certificate:\n\n- the short version, which contains only the baby\u2019s details\n\n- the full version, which also contains the parents\u2019 details\n\nOnce you have registered the birth, you\u2019ll be able to buy a short or full certificate for your baby. Both kinds cost \u00a311.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-birth", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "we have recently gotten our first born child. we would like to get financial help in raising the child since we are tight financially.", + "original_question": "can i register to receive child benefits ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1125", + "question": "Scenario: i am a nurse that works in the maternity ward at a city hospital. we delivered a child from a single mother who unfortunately lost her life after the delivery.\n\nQuestion: can a person who is not a parent register a birth ?\n\nDocument - Register a birth:\n## Overview\n\nYou may not be able to register a birth at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You\u2019ll be able to register at a later date.\n\nFind out if you can register a birth now by:\n\n- contacting the local register office\n\n- asking at the hospital where the baby was born before the mother leaves\n\nThere are different rules for registering a birth in Scotland, registering a birth in Northern Ireland and registering a birth abroad.\n\n## Information you need when registering a birth\n\nWhen registering the birth, you should know:\n\n- place and date of the birth\n\n- name, surname and sex of the baby\n\n- parents\u2019 names, surnames and address\n\n- places and dates of parents\u2019 birth\n\n- date of parents\u2019 marriage or civil partnership\n\n- parents\u2019 jobs\n\n- mother\u2019s maiden surname\n\n## What you should take\n\nIf you can register the birth, you should take at least one form of identification when you go to the register office. You can use:\n\n- passport\n\n- birth certificate\n\n- deed poll\n\n- driving licence\n\n- proof of address (for example, a utility bill)\n\n- Council Tax bill\n\n- marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\nYou should also take your child\u2019s personal child health record or \u2018red book\u2019 as some registrars may ask to see it.\n\nIf you\u2019re going to the register office on your own, you may need proof of paternity from the other parent before you give their details.\n\n## Organisations you need to contact\n\nHaving a child might affect your tax, your benefits and services from your local council.\n\nThe Tell Us Once service can report a birth to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) and your local council in one go. The registrar will let you know if this service is available in your area.\n\nWhen you go to a Tell Us Once appointment, you\u2019ll be asked about:\n\n- the people who\u2019ll be named on the birth register\n\n- any partners that live with them\n\nFor each person, you\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- their address and phone number\n\n- their date of birth\n\n- their National Insurance number\n\n- details of any benefits they get or have applied for\n\nIf the Tell Us Once service is not available in your area, you\u2019ll need to contact Jobcentre Plus and your local council about your benefits and services.\n\n## After the birth is registered\n\nOnce you\u2019ve registered the birth, you may be able to claim:\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n## Who can register a birth\n\n## Opposite-sex couples\n\n## Married or civil-partner parents\n\nEither parent can register the birth on their own. They can include both parents\u2019 details if they were married or in a civil partnership when the baby was born or conceived.\n\n## Unmarried parents\n\nThe details of both parents can be included on the birth certificate if one of the following happens:\n\n- they sign the birth register together\n\n- one parent completes a statutory declaration of parentage form and the other takes the signed form to register the birth\n\n- one parent goes to register the birth with a document from the court (for example, a court order) giving the father parental responsibility\n\nThe mother can choose to register the birth without the child\u2019s father if they\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership. The father\u2019s details will not be included on the birth certificate.\n\nIt might be possible to add the father\u2019s details at a later date by completing an application for the re-registration of a child\u2019s birth.\n\n## Same-sex female couples\n\nFemale couples can include both their names on their child\u2019s birth certificate when registering the birth.\n\n## Married or civil-partner parents\n\nEither parent can register the birth on their own if all of the following are true:\n\n- the mother has a child by donor insemination or fertility treatment\n\n- she was married or in a civil partnership at the time of the treatment\n\n## Unmarried, non-civil-partner parents\n\nWhen a mother is not married or in a civil partnership, her partner can be seen as the child\u2019s second parent if both women:\n\n- are treated together in the UK by a licensed clinic\n\n- have made a \u2018parenthood agreement\u2019\n\nHowever, for both parents\u2019 details to be recorded on the birth certificate, they must do one of the following:\n\n- register the birth jointly\n\n- complete a \u2018Statutory declaration of acknowledgement of parentage\u2019 form and one parent takes the signed form when she registers the birth\n\n- get a document from the court (for example, a court order) giving the second female parent parental responsibility and one parent shows the document when she registers the birth\n\n## Same-sex male couples\n\nMale couples must get a parental order from the court before they can be registered as parents.\n\n## Other people who can register a birth\n\nIf the parents cannot register the birth (for example, for medical reasons), certain other people can do it:\n\n- someone who was present at the birth\n\n- someone who is responsible for the child\n\n- a member of the administrative staff at the hospital where the child was born\n\n## Birth certificates\n\nYou may not get a certificate straight away because of coronavirus (COVID-19). The register office will tell you when you can get a certificate.\n\nThere are 2 types of birth certificate:\n\n- the short version, which contains only the baby\u2019s details\n\n- the full version, which also contains the parents\u2019 details\n\nOnce you have registered the birth, you\u2019ll be able to buy a short or full certificate for your baby. Both kinds cost \u00a311.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-birth", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "i am a nurse that works in the maternity ward at a city hospital. we delivered a child from a single mother who unfortunately lost her life after the delivery.", + "original_question": "can a person who is not a parent register a birth ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1126", + "question": "Scenario: My sister and her husband are in the process of selling their house and have just learned that they have to go abroad for work for the next six months. They have asked me to handle the sale of their house\n\nQuestion: Am I able to sell my sister's house for her whilst she is away?\n\nDocument - Make decisions on behalf of someone:\n## When you can make decisions for someone\n\nSomeone can choose you to make and carry out certain decisions on their behalf.\n\nThey can ask you to do this:\n\n- now - for example, while they\u2019re on holiday\n\n- in the future - for example, if they lose the mental capacity to make their own decisions\n\nYou can also apply to a court to help someone make decisions if they do not have mental capacity now.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## When someone can choose you\n\nA person must have mental capacity when they choose you for short-term or long-term help with decisions.\n\n## Short-term help\n\nYou can be appointed to make decisions about someone\u2019s money or property for a limited time - for example, while they\u2019re on holiday.\n\nThey can appoint you with either:\n\n- a lasting power of attorney for \u2018property and financial affairs\u2019 - they\u2019ll say when it starts and ends\n\n- an \u2018ordinary power of attorney\u2019 - you can only use this while they have mental capacity\n\nTo make an ordinary power of attorney, the person who appoints you needs to buy a document from a newsagent or use a solicitor.\n\n## Long-term help\n\nYou can be appointed with a lasting power of attorney to help someone make ongoing decisions about either or both:\n\n- money and property - starting at any time, or when they do not have mental capacity\n\n- health and welfare - starting when they do not have mental capacity\n\nYou can also help someone with ongoing decisions using an enduring power of attorney made before 1 October 2007.\n\n## When you apply to a court\n\nApply to a court to help someone without mental capacity with one-off or long-term decisions.\n\nCheck if someone already has an attorney or deputy to help them with decisions before you apply. If they do have an attorney or deputy, ask them for help instead.\n\n## One-off decisions\n\nAsk the Court of Protection to make:\n\n- a one-off decision about an issue that\u2019s not urgent\n\n- an urgent or emergency decision about something that puts them at risk\n\nIf the decision is about medical treatment, you must consider any living will (advance decision) that the person has made.\n\n## Long-term help\n\nApply to the Court of Protection to help someone long-term with decisions about either or both:\n\n- money and property - as a \u2018property and financial affairs deputy\u2019\n\n- health and welfare - as a \u2018personal welfare deputy\u2019\n\n## How to make decisions\n\nAs someone\u2019s attorney or deputy you must:\n\n- give them all the help they need to make each decision before deciding they do not have mental capacity to make that decision themselves\n\n- make any decisions in their best interests\n\n- make decisions that restrict their human and civil rights as little as you can\n\n## Helping someone make decisions\n\nGive the person all the information they need to make a decision.\n\nMake it easy for them to understand and weigh up the information, for example by:\n\n- allowing plenty of time\n\n- choosing a time that suits them best\n\n- talking in familiar surroundings - for example, their home\n\n- removing distractions such as background noise\n\n- explaining things a different way - in pictures or sign language, for example\n\nSuggest different ways for them to tell you their decision if they cannot tell you in words - for example, by pointing, squeezing your hand, blinking or nodding.\n\n## Making decisions in someone\u2019s best interests\n\nAny decisions you make for someone must be right for them (\u2018in their best interests\u2019). Take into account:\n\n- what they would have decided if they could\n\n- their past and present values and wishes, including moral, political and religious views\n\nDo not make assumptions based on their age, gender, ethnic background, sexuality, behaviour or health.\n\nIt can help to:\n\n- write down what the person has told you is important to them\n\n- look at other things they wrote down or recorded (such as household budgets or home videos)\n\n- speak to friends, family or colleagues who know them well\n\n- consult anyone involved in their care, for example personal carers or care home staff\n\n- notice their behaviour and reactions - this can tell you about wishes and feelings that a person cannot express in words\n\n## Human and civil rights\n\nYour decisions must restrict the person\u2019s human and civil rights as little as possible. Citizens Advice has information about human and civil rights.\n\nYou can never make decisions on someone\u2019s behalf about certain things, such as:\n\n- voting\n\n- relationships - for example consenting to sex, getting married or getting divorced\n\nFollow the Mental Capacity Act code of practice when you make decisions.\n\n## Difficult decisions and disagreements\n\nConsult the person as well as their family, friends and carers. Including everyone in a \u2018best interests\u2019 meeting can help you reach agreement.\n\nIf you cannot agree you can:\n\n- get advice about how to reach agreement from the Office of the Public Guardian\n\n- get help from an advocate who can represent the person\u2019s best interests\n\n- find a mediation service\n\n- get help from the social services team at your local council if it\u2019s a disagreement about the person\u2019s care\n\n- ask the Court of Protection to decide if it\u2019s a major disagreement about a serious issue\n\n## Checking mental capacity\n\nA person may not have mental capacity because of a problem with the way their brain functions, for example:\n\n- a serious brain injury\n\n- an illness, such as dementia\n\n- severe learning disabilities\n\nMental capacity can come and go (for example, with dementia and some mental illnesses). A person can also recover mental capacity (for example, following a severe stroke).\n\n## What you must check\n\nYou must check that a person has mental capacity to make a decision at the time it needs to be made.\n\nThey can make the decision if they can:\n\n- understand the information they need - for example, what the consequences will be\n\n- remember the information for long enough to make the decision\n\n- weigh up the options and make a choice\n\n- communicate their decision in any way - for example, by blinking or squeezing a hand\n\nYou cannot decide a person lacks mental capacity because you think they\u2019ve made a bad or strange decision.\n\nIf the person cannot make a decision at a certain time, they may still be able to:\n\n- make it at another time\n\n- make decisions about other things\n\nDo not make a decision for them if it can wait until they can do it themselves.\n\n## Get help checking mental capacity\n\nYou can ask the person\u2019s doctor or another medical professional to assess their mental capacity.\n\nFollow the Mental Capacity Act code of practice when you check mental capacity.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-decisions-for-someone", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My sister and her husband are in the process of selling their house and have just learned that they have to go abroad for work for the next six months. They have asked me to handle the sale of their house", + "original_question": "Am I able to sell my sister's house for her whilst she is away?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1127", + "question": "Scenario: I operate a small business in the computer hardware sector. After a rough year for me and my family I had to stop trading and doing business for a while. I received notice from HMRC telling me that they will be treating my company as dormant. I am VAT registered and I do plan on resuming my business in a month or two.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to deregister for VAT?\n\nDocument - Dormant companies and associations:\n## Overview\n\nYour company or association may be \u2018dormant\u2019 if it\u2019s not doing business (\u2018trading\u2019) and doesn\u2019t have any other income, for example investments.\n\nDormant means different things for:\n\n- Corporation Tax and Company Tax Returns\n\n- annual accounts and returns for Companies House if you have a limited company\n\n## Dormant for Corporation Tax\n\nYour company is usually dormant for Corporation Tax if it:\n\n- has stopped trading and has no other income, for example investments\n\n- is a new limited company that hasn\u2019t started trading\n\n- is an unincorporated association or club owing less than \u00a3100 Corporation Tax\n\n- is a flat management company\n\nTrading includes buying, selling, renting property, advertising, employing someone or getting interest. HMRC has detailed guidance on what counts as dormant for Corporation Tax.\n\n## When HMRC thinks your company is dormant\n\nYou may get a letter from HMRC telling you:\n\n- they\u2019ve decided to treat your company or association as dormant\n\n- that you don\u2019t have to pay Corporation Tax or file Company Tax Returns\n\n## When you think your company is dormant\n\nIf your company has stopped trading and has no other income, you can tell HMRC that it\u2019s dormant for Corporation Tax.\n\n## If you\u2019ve never had a \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019\n\nYou can tell HMRC your company\u2019s dormant over the phone or by post.\n\n## If you\u2019ve filed a Company Tax Return or had a \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to file a Company Tax Return online - this will show HMRC that your company is dormant for this period.\n\n## Limited companies\n\nYou don\u2019t need to pay Corporation Tax or file another Company Tax Return once you\u2019ve told HMRC your company is dormant unless you receive a further notice to deliver a Company Tax Return.\n\nYou must still file annual accounts and a confirmation statement (previously annual return) - exactly what you must do depends on if you\u2019re dormant for Companies House.\n\nFind out how to restart your company.\n\n## If you\u2019re registered for VAT\n\nIf you do not intend to trade again you must deregister for VAT within 30 days of your company becoming dormant.\n\nHowever, if you plan to restart trading, you must send \u2018nil\u2019 (empty) VAT returns while your company is dormant.\n\n## If you employ people\n\nIf you do not plan to restart trading in this tax year, you should close your PAYE scheme.\n\n## Dormant for Companies House\n\nYou must file your confirmation statement (previously annual return) and annual accounts with Companies House even if your limited company is:\n\n- dormant for Corporation Tax\n\n- dormant according to Companies House\n\nBut if your company is dormant according to Companies House and also qualifies as \u2018small\u2019 you:\n\n- can file \u2018dormant accounts\u2019 instead\n\n- don\u2019t have to include an auditor\u2019s report with your accounts\n\nCheck what to include in your accounts if your company is small and dormant for Companies House.\n\n## Dormant according to Companies House\n\nYour company is called dormant by Companies House if it\u2019s had no \u2018significant\u2019 transactions in the financial year.\n\nSignificant transactions don\u2019t include:\n\n- filing fees paid to Companies House\n\n- penalties for late filing of accounts\n\n- money paid for shares when the company was incorporated\n\nYou do not need to tell Companies House if you restart trading. The next set of non-dormant accounts that you file will show that your company is no longer dormant.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dormant-company", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I operate a small business in the computer hardware sector. After a rough year for me and my family I had to stop trading and doing business for a while. I received notice from HMRC telling me that they will be treating my company as dormant. I am VAT registered and I do plan on resuming my business in a month or two.", + "original_question": "Do I have to deregister for VAT?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1128", + "question": "Scenario: My company has not been trading or doing business for a little over 3 months now. We do plan to eventually resume trading but are mostly relying on our investments at the time as we figure out personal issues.\n\nQuestion: Does my company count as dormant for Corporation Tax?\n\nDocument - Dormant companies and associations:\n## Overview\n\nYour company or association may be \u2018dormant\u2019 if it\u2019s not doing business (\u2018trading\u2019) and doesn\u2019t have any other income, for example investments.\n\nDormant means different things for:\n\n- Corporation Tax and Company Tax Returns\n\n- annual accounts and returns for Companies House if you have a limited company\n\n## Dormant for Corporation Tax\n\nYour company is usually dormant for Corporation Tax if it:\n\n- has stopped trading and has no other income, for example investments\n\n- is a new limited company that hasn\u2019t started trading\n\n- is an unincorporated association or club owing less than \u00a3100 Corporation Tax\n\n- is a flat management company\n\nTrading includes buying, selling, renting property, advertising, employing someone or getting interest. HMRC has detailed guidance on what counts as dormant for Corporation Tax.\n\n## When HMRC thinks your company is dormant\n\nYou may get a letter from HMRC telling you:\n\n- they\u2019ve decided to treat your company or association as dormant\n\n- that you don\u2019t have to pay Corporation Tax or file Company Tax Returns\n\n## When you think your company is dormant\n\nIf your company has stopped trading and has no other income, you can tell HMRC that it\u2019s dormant for Corporation Tax.\n\n## If you\u2019ve never had a \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019\n\nYou can tell HMRC your company\u2019s dormant over the phone or by post.\n\n## If you\u2019ve filed a Company Tax Return or had a \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to file a Company Tax Return online - this will show HMRC that your company is dormant for this period.\n\n## Limited companies\n\nYou don\u2019t need to pay Corporation Tax or file another Company Tax Return once you\u2019ve told HMRC your company is dormant unless you receive a further notice to deliver a Company Tax Return.\n\nYou must still file annual accounts and a confirmation statement (previously annual return) - exactly what you must do depends on if you\u2019re dormant for Companies House.\n\nFind out how to restart your company.\n\n## If you\u2019re registered for VAT\n\nIf you do not intend to trade again you must deregister for VAT within 30 days of your company becoming dormant.\n\nHowever, if you plan to restart trading, you must send \u2018nil\u2019 (empty) VAT returns while your company is dormant.\n\n## If you employ people\n\nIf you do not plan to restart trading in this tax year, you should close your PAYE scheme.\n\n## Dormant for Companies House\n\nYou must file your confirmation statement (previously annual return) and annual accounts with Companies House even if your limited company is:\n\n- dormant for Corporation Tax\n\n- dormant according to Companies House\n\nBut if your company is dormant according to Companies House and also qualifies as \u2018small\u2019 you:\n\n- can file \u2018dormant accounts\u2019 instead\n\n- don\u2019t have to include an auditor\u2019s report with your accounts\n\nCheck what to include in your accounts if your company is small and dormant for Companies House.\n\n## Dormant according to Companies House\n\nYour company is called dormant by Companies House if it\u2019s had no \u2018significant\u2019 transactions in the financial year.\n\nSignificant transactions don\u2019t include:\n\n- filing fees paid to Companies House\n\n- penalties for late filing of accounts\n\n- money paid for shares when the company was incorporated\n\nYou do not need to tell Companies House if you restart trading. The next set of non-dormant accounts that you file will show that your company is no longer dormant.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dormant-company", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My company has not been trading or doing business for a little over 3 months now. We do plan to eventually resume trading but are mostly relying on our investments at the time as we figure out personal issues.", + "original_question": "Does my company count as dormant for Corporation Tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1132", + "question": "Scenario: I am a VAT registered business director and I would like the best software which has all the features especially in filing annual accounts, tax account and returns.\n\nQuestion: Is there a list of softwares i can select from?\n\nDocument - Find software for filing company documents:\n## Overview\n\nYou can use software to file your company accounts, file changes to your details and returns to Companies House electronically.\n\nYou can also file your annual accounts and confirmation statement (previously annual return) with Companies House online.\n\nUsing software or filing online you\u2019ll:\n\n- be less likely to get late filing penalties\n\n- get confirmation that your documents have been received\n\n- find out if they\u2019re accepted or rejected\n\n## How to file electronically\n\nYou must register for an online filing account - fill in the online filing credit account application form and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can then either:\n\n- get a software package from a Companies House (and HMRC) authorised provider\n\n- develop your own software - request a copy of the Companies House technical specifications by emailing xml@companieshouse.gov.uk\n\n## Filing annual accounts, returns and tax accounts\n\nCompanies House has tested the software listed.\n\nYou should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features, for example if you need software to deal with inactive accounts (sometimes called \u2018dormant accounts\u2019).\n\nYou must first register as an electronic filer.\n\nThe following is a list of software and the kinds of accounts you can use it for.\n\n| Supplier | Product | Dormant | Micro Entity | Abridged | Small | Full |\n\n| Ajaccts | AJACCTS | Yes | Yes | - | - | - |\n\n| Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Anglia Registrars Ltd | Inform Direct | Yes | Yes | - | - | - |\n\n| BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Capium Limited | Capium Accounts Production | Yes | - | Yes | - | - |\n\n| CaseWare UK | CaseWare Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Easy Digital Filing | Easy Digital Filing | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |\n\n| Eureka Software | Eureka Software | - | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |\n\n| Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | Yes |\n\n| gbooks | gbooks Company Accounts | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | Yes |\n\n| IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Keytime | Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Quality Management Software Ltd | CT600CH | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Taxfiler | Taxfiler Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |\n\n| Thomson Reuters | Digita | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Thomson Reuters | ONESOURCE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| VT Software Limited | VT Filer | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Xero | Xero Tax | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |\n\n## Software for Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs)\n\n| Supplier | Product |\n\n| Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Accounts Production |\n\n| BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution |\n\n| CaseWare UK | CaseWare Accounts Production |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production |\n\n| CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse |\n\n| Eureka Software | Eureka Software |\n\n| Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC |\n\n| gbooks | gbooks Company Accounts |\n\n| IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production |\n\n| IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production |\n\n| Keytime | Accounts Production |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced |\n\n| Taxfiler | Taxfiler Accounts Production |\n\n| Thomson Reuters | Digita |\n\n| VT Software Limited | VT Filer |\n\n## Software for charities\n\n| Supplier | Product |\n\n| BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production |\n\n| CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse |\n\n| Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC |\n\n| IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production |\n\n| IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production |\n\n| Keytime | Accounts Production |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced |\n\n## Uploading your accounts to Companies House\n\nTax account software generates electronic accounts in Inline eXtensible Reporting Language (iXBRL).\n\nThe following software has a direct filing link to Companies House:\n\n| Supplier | Product |\n\n| eFile Ready Limited | eCompany Services |\n\nThe following software can validate your iXBRL:\n\n| Supplier | Product |\n\n| Xmetric Limited | Surefile Accounts |\n\n## Filing other company information\n\nCompanies House has tested and authorised software for filing information about:\n\n- incorporations (registering a new company)\n\n- changes to your company, for example directors joining or leaving, changing a registered address, and filing annual returns\n\n- mortgages, for example when they\u2019re paid or part-paid\n\nYou should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features.\n\n| Supplier | Product(s) | Incorporations | Secretarial | Mortgages |\n\n| 121 Company Formation Ltd | 121 Company Formation | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Company Secretarial | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Advanced | Cloud Forms (Laserform Hub) | No | Yes | MR01, MR02, MR04 and MR05 |\n\n| angelPRO Limited | VenturePro | No | Yes | No |\n\n| Anglia Registrars Ltd | Inform Direct | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| BGL Corporate Solutions Ptd Ltd | Corporate Affairs System (CAS) | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| BHIS Limited | PC Share Register Plus | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| BritDAQ | BritDAQ Cosec | No | Yes | No |\n\n| BTC Software Limited | CS Solution | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Build and Prosper Ltd | File Direct 6 | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| CFS International Formations LTD | CFS Formations and Free Secretarial Package | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| The Company Formation Wizard | Company Formation Wizard | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Computershare Governance Services | Global Entity Management System (GEMS), Secretariat One (S1) | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Corporatek | EnGlobe, GlobalAct | No | Yes | No |\n\n| Diligent Entities | Blueprint | Yes | Yes | MR04, MR05 only |\n\n| Efaze Ltd BVI | Efaze.com company formations | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| eFile Ready Limited | eCompany Services | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| E Filing Limited | E Filing Limited | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| First Corporate | First Order | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Formations Direct | Vectis | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| FormEvo | FormEvo | No | Yes | MR01, MR02, MR04 and MR05 |\n\n| gbooks | gbooks Company Forms, gbooks Incorporation | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Info Commerce Limited | Acs1, Sec1, Inc1 | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| IRIS Software | IRIS Accountancy Suite | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Jordans Limited | Incorporator, Forming Companies, My Formations, PCSec administration software | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Keytime Objective Ltd | Company Secretarial | No | Yes | No |\n\n| Kudocs | Kudocs | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| LTDONLINE Ltd | LTDONLINE | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Online Filings Ltd | Online Filings | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Oswalds (Jordans [Scotland] Ltd) | Incorporator, Forming Companies, PCSec administration software | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Oyez | The Oyez Gateway | No | No | Yes |\n\n| Panlegis (Malta) Limited | Panlegis (Malta) Limited | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Principal Consultancy Ltd | Your Limited Company | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Armadillo | Armadillo e-Incorp | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced, Sage Company Secretarial | No | Yes | No |\n\n| Thomson Reuters | Onvio Formations | Yes | No | No |\n\n| zetVisions AG | zetVisions CIM | No | Yes | No |", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-filing-software", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a VAT registered business director and I would like the best software which has all the features especially in filing annual accounts, tax account and returns.", + "original_question": "Is there a list of softwares i can select from?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1136", + "question": "Scenario: we run a successful hair clip business along with my wife. we have been steadily growing and have recently reached an annual turnover of around \u00a380,000.\n\nQuestion: do we have to register our business partnership for VAT ?\n\nDocument - Set up a business partnership:\n## Setting up\n\nIn a partnership, you and your partner (or partners) personally share responsibility for your business. This includes:\n\n- any losses your business makes\n\n- bills for things you buy for your business, like stock or equipment\n\nPartners share the business\u2019s profits, and each partner pays tax on their share.\n\nA partner does not have to be an actual person. For example, a limited company counts as a \u2018legal person\u2019 and can also be a partner.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nWhen you set up a business partnership you need to:\n\n- choose a name\n\n- choose a \u2018nominated partner\u2019\n\n- register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\nThe \u2018nominated partner\u2019 is responsible for managing the partnership\u2019s tax returns and keeping business records.\n\nThere are different rules for limited partnerships and limited liability partnerships (LLPs).\n\n## Naming your partnership\n\nYou can trade under your own names, or you can choose another name for your business. You do not need to register your name.\n\nYou must include all the partners\u2019 names and the business name (if you have one) on official paperwork, for example invoices and letters.\n\n## Business names\n\nBusiness partnership names must not:\n\n- include \u2018limited\u2019, \u2018Ltd\u2019, \u2018limited liability partnership, \u2018LLP\u2019, \u2018public limited company\u2019 or \u2018plc\u2019\n\n- be offensive\n\n- be the same as an existing trade mark\n\nYour name also cannot contain a \u2018sensitive\u2019 word or expression, or suggest a connection with government or local authorities, unless you get permission.\n\nCheck which words you need permission to use, and who from.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to register your name as a trade mark if you want to stop people from trading under your business name.\n\n## Register the partnership\n\nYou must register your partnership for Self Assessment with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re the \u2018nominated partner\u2019. This means you\u2019re responsible for sending the partnership tax return.\n\nThe other partners need to register separately.\n\nRegister a partner or partnership\n\nAll partners also need to send their own tax returns as individuals.\n\nYou must register by 5 October in your business\u2019s second tax year, or you could be charged a penalty.\n\n## Other ways to register\n\nYou can also register the partnership using form SA400 if you cannot register online. You can register as a partner using form SA401.\n\n## Registering for VAT\n\nYou must also register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000. You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.\n\nYou can appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-business-partnership", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "we run a successful hair clip business along with my wife. we have been steadily growing and have recently reached an annual turnover of around \u00a380,000.", + "original_question": "do we have to register our business partnership for VAT ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1138", + "question": "Scenario: I am selling off two fields that I no longer need for my farming business. I understand that that I may be able to offset some of the costs against CGT.\n\nQuestion: Can I offset stamp duty, improvement, costs of advertising and the salary of my employees?\n\nDocument - Capital Gains Tax for business:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) all or part of a business asset.\n\nBusiness assets you may need to pay tax on include:\n\n- land and buildings\n\n- fixtures and fittings\n\n- plant and machinery, for example a digger\n\n- shares\n\n- registered trademarks\n\n- your business\u2019s reputation\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019re a self-employed sole trader or in a business partnership. Other organisations like limited companies pay Corporation Tax on profits from selling their assets.\n\n## When you do not pay it\n\nYou do not usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your business asset and what you sold it for.\n\nUse the market value instead if:\n\n- you gave it away (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited the asset (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\nIf the asset was given to you and you claimed Gift Hold-Over Relief, use the amount it was originally bought for to work out your gain. If you paid less than it was worth, use the amount you paid for it.\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your asset from your gain.\n\nCosts you can deduct include:\n\n- fees, for example for valuing or advertising assets\n\n- costs to improve assets (but not normal repairs)\n\n- Stamp Duty Land Tax and VAT (unless you can reclaim the VAT)\n\nYou cannot deduct certain costs. These include:\n\n- interest on a loan to buy your asset\n\n- costs you can claim as business expenses\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\n## Apply reliefs\n\nYou may be able to reduce or delay paying tax on your gains if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nWhen you know your gain you need to work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re in a business partnership:\n\n- work out your share of each gain or loss\n\n- the nominated partner must fill in form SA803\n\nYou can get help with working out your tax, for example from an accountant.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nYou may be able to reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you have to pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n| Relief | Description | Eligibility |\n\n| Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief | Pay 10% Capital Gains Tax on qualifying profits if you sell all or part of your business (instead of the normal rates) | For sole traders, business partners or those with shares in a \u2018personal company\u2019 |\n\n| Business Asset Rollover Relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax when you sell or dispose of some types of asset if you replace them | Buy the new asset within 3 years of disposing of the old one. Use the old and new assets in your business |\n\n| Incorporation Relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax when you transfer your business to a company | Transfer all your business and its assets (except cash) in return for shares in the company |\n\n| Gift Hold-Over Relief | Pay no Capital Gains Tax if you give away a business asset - the person you gave it to pays tax when they sell it | You used the business asset for trading as a sole trader or partner |\n\n## Tax relief when you sell your home\n\nYou normally get Private Residence Relief when you sell or dispose of your main home, meaning you do not pay any Capital Gains Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019ve used any part of your home just for business, you have to pay Capital Gains Tax on that part when you sell your home.\n\n## Disincorporation relief\n\nYou may be able to claim Disincorporation Relief if you become a partnership or sole trader having been a limited company.\n\nIf you acquire the company\u2019s assets when it changes its business structure, you may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell or dispose of them later - you\u2019ll use their value, including any Disincorporation Relief, when you acquired them.\n\nYou can get help from an accountant or tax adviser.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-businesses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am selling off two fields that I no longer need for my farming business. I understand that that I may be able to offset some of the costs against CGT.", + "original_question": "Can I offset stamp duty, improvement, costs of advertising and the salary of my employees?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1139", + "question": "Scenario: previously, we had been able to manage our paperwork including filing our returns without issue. as the company has grown this process has become more and more tedious\n\nQuestion: can we employ a third party to file our returns ?\n\nDocument - Accounts and tax returns for private limited companies:\n## Overview\n\nAfter the end of its financial year, your private limited company must prepare:\n\n- full (\u2018statutory\u2019) annual accounts\n\n- a Company Tax Return\n\nYou need your accounts and tax return to meet deadlines for filing with Companies House and HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou can also use them to work out how much Corporation Tax to pay.\n\n| Action | Deadline |\n\n| File first accounts with Companies House | 21 months after the date you registered with Companies House |\n\n| File annual accounts with Companies House | 9 months after your company\u2019s financial year ends |\n\n| Pay Corporation Tax or tell HMRC that your limited company does not owe any | 9 months and 1 day after your \u2018accounting period\u2019 for Corporation Tax ends |\n\n| File a Company Tax Return | 12 months after your accounting period for Corporation Tax ends |\n\nYour accounting period for Corporation Tax is the time covered by your Company Tax Return. It\u2019s normally the same 12 months as the company financial year covered by your annual accounts.\n\n## Filing your accounts and tax return\n\nYou can file with Companies House and HMRC together or separately.\n\nYou must take additional steps:\n\n- at the end of your company\u2019s first year\n\n- if you restart a dormant company\n\nThere are penalties for filing late with Companies House and HMRC.\n\n## Filing accounts and tax returns\n\nYou file your accounts with Companies House and your Company Tax Return with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou may be able to file them together if you have a private limited company that does not need an auditor.\n\n| What you want to do | How you can do it |\n\n| File accounts and tax return together | Use HMRC\u2019s online service or accounting software |\n\n| File accounts with Companies House separately | Send your accounts to Companies House online |\n\n| File tax return with HMRC separately | Use HMRC\u2019s online service or accounting software |\n\nYou\u2019ll need your:\n\n- HMRC online account details\n\n- company registration number\n\n- Companies House online account details\n\n## Corrections and amendments\n\nCheck what you must do to correct or amend your:\n\n- accounts\n\n- tax return\n\n## Using accountants or tax advisers to file for you\n\nYou can:\n\n- give your accountant or tax adviser your Companies House authentication code so they can file your accounts\n\n- appoint an agent to file your Company Tax Return\n\n## Apply to extend your accounts filing deadline\n\nYou can apply to extend your accounts filing deadline with Companies House if you cannot send your accounts because of an event outside your control - for example, if a fire destroyed company records before your filing deadline.\n\nYou must apply for the extension before your filing deadline.\n\n## Apply for an extension due to coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can apply for an immediate 3 month extension if your company is affected by coronavirus. You must apply before your filing deadline.\n\nYou may not be eligible if you\u2019ve already extended your filing deadline, or shortened your accounting period.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply online or by post.\n\n## Apply online\n\nTo apply online you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your company number\n\n- information about why you need more time\n\n- any documents you have that support your application\n\n## Apply by post\n\nYou can write to Companies House to apply for an extension. It is taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus.\n\nYou should explain what\u2019s happened and how much more time you\u2019ll need to file your accounts.\n\nYou must apply to the correct office where your company is registered.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-file-annual-accounts-for-limited-company", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "previously, we had been able to manage our paperwork including filing our returns without issue. as the company has grown this process has become more and more tedious", + "original_question": "can we employ a third party to file our returns ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1140", + "question": "Scenario: we had a scare in our company. our systems were hijacked and we were locked out of them and our backups were also affected by the hijack. as a result we will be late in filing our returns.\n\nQuestion: can we have our filing deadline extended ?\n\nDocument - Accounts and tax returns for private limited companies:\n## Overview\n\nAfter the end of its financial year, your private limited company must prepare:\n\n- full (\u2018statutory\u2019) annual accounts\n\n- a Company Tax Return\n\nYou need your accounts and tax return to meet deadlines for filing with Companies House and HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou can also use them to work out how much Corporation Tax to pay.\n\n| Action | Deadline |\n\n| File first accounts with Companies House | 21 months after the date you registered with Companies House |\n\n| File annual accounts with Companies House | 9 months after your company\u2019s financial year ends |\n\n| Pay Corporation Tax or tell HMRC that your limited company does not owe any | 9 months and 1 day after your \u2018accounting period\u2019 for Corporation Tax ends |\n\n| File a Company Tax Return | 12 months after your accounting period for Corporation Tax ends |\n\nYour accounting period for Corporation Tax is the time covered by your Company Tax Return. It\u2019s normally the same 12 months as the company financial year covered by your annual accounts.\n\n## Filing your accounts and tax return\n\nYou can file with Companies House and HMRC together or separately.\n\nYou must take additional steps:\n\n- at the end of your company\u2019s first year\n\n- if you restart a dormant company\n\nThere are penalties for filing late with Companies House and HMRC.\n\n## Filing accounts and tax returns\n\nYou file your accounts with Companies House and your Company Tax Return with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou may be able to file them together if you have a private limited company that does not need an auditor.\n\n| What you want to do | How you can do it |\n\n| File accounts and tax return together | Use HMRC\u2019s online service or accounting software |\n\n| File accounts with Companies House separately | Send your accounts to Companies House online |\n\n| File tax return with HMRC separately | Use HMRC\u2019s online service or accounting software |\n\nYou\u2019ll need your:\n\n- HMRC online account details\n\n- company registration number\n\n- Companies House online account details\n\n## Corrections and amendments\n\nCheck what you must do to correct or amend your:\n\n- accounts\n\n- tax return\n\n## Using accountants or tax advisers to file for you\n\nYou can:\n\n- give your accountant or tax adviser your Companies House authentication code so they can file your accounts\n\n- appoint an agent to file your Company Tax Return\n\n## Apply to extend your accounts filing deadline\n\nYou can apply to extend your accounts filing deadline with Companies House if you cannot send your accounts because of an event outside your control - for example, if a fire destroyed company records before your filing deadline.\n\nYou must apply for the extension before your filing deadline.\n\n## Apply for an extension due to coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can apply for an immediate 3 month extension if your company is affected by coronavirus. You must apply before your filing deadline.\n\nYou may not be eligible if you\u2019ve already extended your filing deadline, or shortened your accounting period.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply online or by post.\n\n## Apply online\n\nTo apply online you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your company number\n\n- information about why you need more time\n\n- any documents you have that support your application\n\n## Apply by post\n\nYou can write to Companies House to apply for an extension. It is taking longer than usual to process applications because of coronavirus.\n\nYou should explain what\u2019s happened and how much more time you\u2019ll need to file your accounts.\n\nYou must apply to the correct office where your company is registered.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-file-annual-accounts-for-limited-company", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "we had a scare in our company. our systems were hijacked and we were locked out of them and our backups were also affected by the hijack. as a result we will be late in filing our returns.", + "original_question": "can we have our filing deadline extended ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1144", + "question": "Scenario: My best friend died a few weeks ago and I dispute the cause of death that is given on her death certificate. I am not a doctor but I really believe that an error was made.\n\nQuestion: Can I challenge the cause of death on my friend's death certificate?\n\nDocument - Correct a death registration:\n## What corrections can be made\n\nYou cannot change a death certificate once it\u2019s been issued, but you can apply to get a note added to the original entry in the death register.\n\nYou can then get an updated certificate issued that shows this note.\n\nCorrections to a death registration can only be made when the information is wrong (for example a mistake in spelling a person\u2019s name).\n\n## What the correction looks like\n\nThe original information will always be shown in the death register. After the correction has been authorised, a note will be added to the margin of the register. This will explain what the correct information is and when the correction was made.\n\nIf you apply for a new death certificate, the note containing the correct information will be in the margin.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nAnyone can apply to correct a death entry.\n\nHowever, the General Register Office (GRO) will usually need a letter from the person who gave information for the death to be registered before considering a correction.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIt costs \u00a375 or \u00a390 to apply to correct a mistake in a death registration.\n\nContact the register office where the death was registered to find out how to send your application, the cost, and how to pay.\n\nFill in the application form to correct details on a death registration and send it to the register office.\n\n## Proving the registration is wrong\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that the information given at the time of the registration was wrong. You must send in documents with your application that show what the correct information should have been. These documents should be valid or dated around the time of the death.\n\nDocuments you can send in include a:\n\n- passport\n\n- photocard driving licence\n\n- bank, building society or credit card statement\n\n- letter from a hospital or doctor\n\n- letter from a government department\n\n- utility bill\n\nIf you cannot send in proof, corrections cannot usually be made.\n\nAll certified copies sent with the application will be destroyed if you do not ask for them to be returned.\n\n## Sending in certified documents\n\nYou should only send in documents that have been certified as true copies of the original.\n\n## Witnessing the correction\n\nIf the correction is being made at your register office, you need to arrange an appointment with them. When you go in you\u2019ll witness the correction and sign the note made in the death register.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to the GRO to make the correction, you can say on the application form if you want to witness the correction.\n\n## Statutory declaration\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to correct a serious mistake (for example in the name of a person), the GRO may ask you to make a \u2018statutory declaration\u2019. GRO will give you more advice about this if it is necessary.\n\nYou may have to pay a fee for a statutory declaration.\n\n## How long applications take\n\nThere is not a set time for how long applications will take. It can take up to 25 days for you to get a reply.\n\n## Advice\n\nIf you want further advice on applying to make a correction, contact the register office or the General Register Office (GRO).", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correcting-a-death-registration", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My best friend died a few weeks ago and I dispute the cause of death that is given on her death certificate. I am not a doctor but I really believe that an error was made.", + "original_question": "Can I challenge the cause of death on my friend's death certificate?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1147", + "question": "Scenario: I have applied to wind up a local hardware company which owes me around \u00a32000. I had to pay quite substantial fees for court fees and for the petition deposit. As the case is progressing it appears that the company will be unable to repay these fees.\n\nQuestion: Is there a chance for me to get the money spend on fees back despite this fact?\n\nDocument - Wind up a company that owes you money:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the court to close or \u2018wind up\u2019 a company if it cannot pay its debts. This is also known as compulsory liquidation.\n\nTo wind up a company you must:\n\n- be owed \u00a3750 or more\n\n- be able to prove that the company cannot pay you\n\nYou need to fill in forms and send them to the right court to apply to wind up a company.\n\nYour application to the court is known as a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019. If you\u2019re successful:\n\n- the company assets are sold\n\n- any legal disputes are settled\n\n- the company collects money it\u2019s owed\n\n- funds are paid to you and any other creditors\n\nYou might not get all or any of the money you\u2019re owed.\n\nThere are also other ways to recover money that you\u2019re owed. You can get a debt specialist (like a solicitor) to help you recover debt.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe fees are:\n\n- \u00a3280 - court fees\n\n- \u00a31,600 - petition deposit (to manage the \u2018winding-up\u2019)\n\nYou might be able to get the fees back if the company can afford to repay them.\n\n## Scottish companies\n\nThere are different rules on winding up a company in Scotland.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must send the right form to the court before they can deal with your petition. You might want to get legal help to make sure you submit your petition correctly.\n\n## Forms\n\nFill in form Comp 1 and make 3 copies.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- make sure the company\u2019s details are correct\n\n- state if any European Community regulations apply (this applies if the company is registered in or does business in England and Wales)\n\n- ask the court to restore the company (if it\u2019s been dissolved) before winding up the company\n\nYou need to provide evidence the company owes you money, for example:\n\n- a statutory demand - include the amount and date the demand was served\n\n- a court judgment - include the amount awarded (and your costs and interest), the date of the judgment, the court name and case number\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to fill in form Comp 2 confirming the details of your petition.\n\n## Where to send the petition\n\nWhere you send the petition depends on how much \u2018paid-up share capital\u2019 the company has - you can find this on the Companies House register.\n\n## Paid-up share capital is \u00a3120,000 or more\n\nSubmit the petition online. It\u2019ll go to the High Court.\n\nYou pay the court fees online, but not the petition deposit. You\u2019ll get an email after you apply, telling you how to pay the deposit.\n\n## Paid-up share capital is under \u00a3120,000\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find the court nearest to the company\u2019s registered office - the court must deal with bankruptcy.\n\nSubmit the petition online if it\u2019s one of these courts:\n\n- Admiralty and Commercial Court\n\n- Chancery Division\n\n- Companies Court\n\n- High Court (including Bankruptcy Court)\n\n- London Mercantile Court\n\n- Rolls Building\n\nYou pay the court fees online, but not the petition deposit. You\u2019ll get an email after you apply, telling you how to pay the deposit.\n\nIf it was another court you\u2019ll need to submit the petition by post. You can pay the fees by cash, postal order or a building society, bank or solicitor\u2019s cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll get a copy of your petition from the court after you pay the petition deposit. You must:\n\n- deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) it to a company director or employee\n\n- provide a certificate of service to the court confirming that the petition has been served on the company\n\nYou can get a \u2018process server\u2019 to help you - your solicitor can arrange this.\n\nYou can serve the petition by attaching it to the company\u2019s front door or leaving it at the office if you cannot serve it in person.\n\nThe day after you serve the petition, send a copy to the relevant liquidator, administrative receiver, administrator or supervisor if the company is involved in:\n\n- voluntary liquidation\n\n- administrative receivership\n\n- an administration order\n\n- a voluntary arrangement\n\n## The court hearing\n\nIf the court accepts your petition, they\u2019ll arrange a date for a hearing.\n\n## Announce the hearing\n\nWhen you\u2019re given a date for the hearing, you must formally announce when and where it will take place.\n\n- At least 7 working days before the hearing, place an advert in The Gazette to say the petition has been served.\n\n- Send a copy of the advert and form Comp 3 to the court at least 5 working days before the hearing.\n\n- Give a list of everyone who will be attending to the court by 4:30pm on the day before the hearing.\n\nThe advert must state:\n\n- that you\u2019ve presented a petition to wind up the company\n\n- your name and address\n\n- your solicitor\u2019s name and address (if you have one)\n\n- the date you presented the petition\n\n- the court where the hearing will take place\n\n- that anyone wanting to come to the hearing must give notice\n\n## After the hearing\n\nIf the petition is successful, the court will issue a winding-up order.\n\nThe court will put an official receiver in charge of the liquidation. They\u2019ll start the process of turning the company\u2019s assets into money that can be used to pay the company\u2019s debts.\n\nOther creditors can register to claim the money they\u2019re owed.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/wind-up-a-company-that-owes-you-money", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have applied to wind up a local hardware company which owes me around \u00a32000. I had to pay quite substantial fees for court fees and for the petition deposit. As the case is progressing it appears that the company will be unable to repay these fees.", + "original_question": "Is there a chance for me to get the money spend on fees back despite this fact?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1148", + "question": "Scenario: I have a friend which works at a company which owes me money. The company owes me over \u00a31000. My friend has proof that they are unable to pay me this amount and since he is quitting anyway he does not mind if I apply to wind up the company.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible to wind up the company under these circumstances?\n\nDocument - Wind up a company that owes you money:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the court to close or \u2018wind up\u2019 a company if it cannot pay its debts. This is also known as compulsory liquidation.\n\nTo wind up a company you must:\n\n- be owed \u00a3750 or more\n\n- be able to prove that the company cannot pay you\n\nYou need to fill in forms and send them to the right court to apply to wind up a company.\n\nYour application to the court is known as a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019. If you\u2019re successful:\n\n- the company assets are sold\n\n- any legal disputes are settled\n\n- the company collects money it\u2019s owed\n\n- funds are paid to you and any other creditors\n\nYou might not get all or any of the money you\u2019re owed.\n\nThere are also other ways to recover money that you\u2019re owed. You can get a debt specialist (like a solicitor) to help you recover debt.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe fees are:\n\n- \u00a3280 - court fees\n\n- \u00a31,600 - petition deposit (to manage the \u2018winding-up\u2019)\n\nYou might be able to get the fees back if the company can afford to repay them.\n\n## Scottish companies\n\nThere are different rules on winding up a company in Scotland.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must send the right form to the court before they can deal with your petition. You might want to get legal help to make sure you submit your petition correctly.\n\n## Forms\n\nFill in form Comp 1 and make 3 copies.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- make sure the company\u2019s details are correct\n\n- state if any European Community regulations apply (this applies if the company is registered in or does business in England and Wales)\n\n- ask the court to restore the company (if it\u2019s been dissolved) before winding up the company\n\nYou need to provide evidence the company owes you money, for example:\n\n- a statutory demand - include the amount and date the demand was served\n\n- a court judgment - include the amount awarded (and your costs and interest), the date of the judgment, the court name and case number\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to fill in form Comp 2 confirming the details of your petition.\n\n## Where to send the petition\n\nWhere you send the petition depends on how much \u2018paid-up share capital\u2019 the company has - you can find this on the Companies House register.\n\n## Paid-up share capital is \u00a3120,000 or more\n\nSubmit the petition online. It\u2019ll go to the High Court.\n\nYou pay the court fees online, but not the petition deposit. You\u2019ll get an email after you apply, telling you how to pay the deposit.\n\n## Paid-up share capital is under \u00a3120,000\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find the court nearest to the company\u2019s registered office - the court must deal with bankruptcy.\n\nSubmit the petition online if it\u2019s one of these courts:\n\n- Admiralty and Commercial Court\n\n- Chancery Division\n\n- Companies Court\n\n- High Court (including Bankruptcy Court)\n\n- London Mercantile Court\n\n- Rolls Building\n\nYou pay the court fees online, but not the petition deposit. You\u2019ll get an email after you apply, telling you how to pay the deposit.\n\nIf it was another court you\u2019ll need to submit the petition by post. You can pay the fees by cash, postal order or a building society, bank or solicitor\u2019s cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll get a copy of your petition from the court after you pay the petition deposit. You must:\n\n- deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) it to a company director or employee\n\n- provide a certificate of service to the court confirming that the petition has been served on the company\n\nYou can get a \u2018process server\u2019 to help you - your solicitor can arrange this.\n\nYou can serve the petition by attaching it to the company\u2019s front door or leaving it at the office if you cannot serve it in person.\n\nThe day after you serve the petition, send a copy to the relevant liquidator, administrative receiver, administrator or supervisor if the company is involved in:\n\n- voluntary liquidation\n\n- administrative receivership\n\n- an administration order\n\n- a voluntary arrangement\n\n## The court hearing\n\nIf the court accepts your petition, they\u2019ll arrange a date for a hearing.\n\n## Announce the hearing\n\nWhen you\u2019re given a date for the hearing, you must formally announce when and where it will take place.\n\n- At least 7 working days before the hearing, place an advert in The Gazette to say the petition has been served.\n\n- Send a copy of the advert and form Comp 3 to the court at least 5 working days before the hearing.\n\n- Give a list of everyone who will be attending to the court by 4:30pm on the day before the hearing.\n\nThe advert must state:\n\n- that you\u2019ve presented a petition to wind up the company\n\n- your name and address\n\n- your solicitor\u2019s name and address (if you have one)\n\n- the date you presented the petition\n\n- the court where the hearing will take place\n\n- that anyone wanting to come to the hearing must give notice\n\n## After the hearing\n\nIf the petition is successful, the court will issue a winding-up order.\n\nThe court will put an official receiver in charge of the liquidation. They\u2019ll start the process of turning the company\u2019s assets into money that can be used to pay the company\u2019s debts.\n\nOther creditors can register to claim the money they\u2019re owed.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/wind-up-a-company-that-owes-you-money", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a friend which works at a company which owes me money. The company owes me over \u00a31000. My friend has proof that they are unable to pay me this amount and since he is quitting anyway he does not mind if I apply to wind up the company.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible to wind up the company under these circumstances?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1149", + "question": "Scenario: I am a thirty five year old self employed computer repair person. I have recently purchased a new computer for use in my business, one of four that I own. I will also use it for personal use.\n\nQuestion: As my computer will predominantly be for work use, can I reclaim ALL of the VAT on it?\n\nDocument - Reclaiming VAT:\n## What you can and cannot reclaim\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT paid on goods and services purchased for use in your business.\n\nIf a purchase is also for personal or private use, you can only reclaim the business proportion of the VAT.\n\nYou must keep records to support your claim and show how you arrived at the business proportion for a purchase. You must also have valid VAT invoices.\n\nFrom 1 April 2019, most businesses will need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.\n\n## What you cannot reclaim\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT for:\n\n- anything that\u2019s only for private use\n\n- goods and services your business uses to make VAT-exempt supplies\n\n- business entertainment costs\n\n- goods sold to you under one of the VAT second-hand margin schemes\n\n- business assets that are transferred to you as a going concern\n\n## Purchases before registration\n\nYou may be able to reclaim VAT paid on goods or services bought before you registered for VAT if the purchases were made within certain time limits.\n\n## Partly exempt businesses\n\nYou need to make separate calculations for purchases that relate to both VAT-exempt and taxable supplies, such as phone bills or accountancy fees.\n\n## Business assets of \u00a350,000 and more\n\nThere are special rules for reclaiming VAT for:\n\n- individual computers and single pieces of computer equipment costing \u00a350,000 or more before VAT\n\n- aircraft, ships and boats costing \u00a350,000 or more before VAT\n\n- land and buildings costing \u00a3250,000 or more before VAT\n\nYou may need to adjust the amount of VAT you reclaim over several years using the Capital Goods Scheme.\n\n## How your VAT refund is repaid\n\nClaim your refund by submitting a VAT Return.\n\nYou need to give your account details to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - even if you\u2019ve already set up a Direct Debit for VAT Returns. Add or change them by going to the registration details in your VAT online account.\n\nYou can also use your online account to view any refund you\u2019re owed, unless you\u2019ve signed up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.\n\nYou will usually get your refund within 10 days of HMRC receiving your return but it may take longer. Only contact HMRC if you have not heard anything after 30 days.\n\n## Vehicles and fuel costs\n\n## Buying a new car\n\nYou may be able to reclaim all the VAT on a new car if you use it only for business.\n\nThe car must not be available for private use, and you must be able to show that it is not, for example it\u2019s specified in your employee\u2019s contract.\n\n\u2018Private use\u2019 includes travelling between home and work, unless it\u2019s a temporary place of work.\n\nYou may also be able to claim all the VAT on a new car if it\u2019s mainly used:\n\n- as a taxi\n\n- for driving instruction\n\n- for self-drive hire\n\n## Leasing a car\n\nIf you lease a car, you can usually claim 50% of the VAT. You may be able to reclaim all the VAT if the car is used only for business and is not available for private use, or is mainly used:\n\n- as a taxi\n\n- for driving instruction\n\n## Self-drive hire cars\n\nIf you hire a car to replace a company car that\u2019s off the road, you can usually claim 50% of the VAT on the hire charge.\n\nIf you hire a car for another reason (for example you do not have a company car), you can reclaim all the VAT if all the following apply:\n\n- you hire it for no more than 10 days\n\n- it\u2019s used only for business\n\n- it\u2019s not available for private use\n\n## Commercial vehicles\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT for buying a commercial vehicle (like a van, lorry or tractor) if you only use it for business.\n\nIf they\u2019re used only for business, you can also reclaim VAT on:\n\n- motorcycles\n\n- motorhomes and motor caravans\n\n- vans with rear seats (combi vans)\n\n- car-derived vans\n\n## Fuel costs\n\nThere are different ways of reclaiming VAT on fuel, if you do not pay a fixed rate under the Flat Rate Scheme.\n\nYou can reclaim all the VAT on fuel if your vehicle is used only for business. There are 3 ways of handling VAT if you use the vehicle for both business and private purposes. You can:\n\n- reclaim all the VAT and pay the right fuel scale charge for your vehicle\n\n- only reclaim the VAT on fuel you use for business trips - you\u2019ll have to keep detailed mileage records\n\n- choose not to reclaim any VAT, eg if your business mileage is so low that the fuel scale charge would be higher than the VAT you can reclaim\n\nIf you choose not to reclaim VAT on fuel for one vehicle you cannot reclaim VAT on any fuel for vehicles used by your business.\n\n## Additional costs\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT for:\n\n- all business-related running and maintenance costs, such as repairs or off-street parking\n\n- any accessories you\u2019ve fitted for business use\n\nYou can do this even if you cannot reclaim VAT on the vehicle itself.\n\n## Used vehicles\n\nThe sales invoice for your used vehicle must show the VAT. You cannot reclaim if it does not, for example if the seller uses the VAT margin scheme.\n\n## Staff travel\n\nYou can reclaim VAT on employee travel expenses for business trips, including meals and accommodation that you pay for.\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT if you pay your employees a flat rate for expenses.\n\nThere are special rules for motoring expenses.\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT on entertainment costs.\n\n## Who counts as an employee\n\nThe following people count as employees for VAT reclaims:\n\n- someone directly employed by you (not through an agency)\n\n- directors, partners, any other managers\n\n- self-employed people who are treated as employees (you cannot reclaim on travel expenses for this group)\n\n- helpers or stewards who help run events\n\nThe following people do not count as employees for VAT reclaims:\n\n- shareholders who are not employed by the business\n\n- pensioners and former employees\n\n- someone applying for a job, for example interviewees", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reclaim-vat", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a thirty five year old self employed computer repair person. I have recently purchased a new computer for use in my business, one of four that I own. I will also use it for personal use.", + "original_question": "As my computer will predominantly be for work use, can I reclaim ALL of the VAT on it?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1150", + "question": "Scenario: I am thinking of starting up a taxi business and am trying to work out if it is financially viable. I would potentially have up to half a dozwn employers, both part time and full time.\n\nQuestion: If I were to buy three or four cars for use in my business only, could I reclaim VAT on them?\n\nDocument - Reclaiming VAT:\n## What you can and cannot reclaim\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT paid on goods and services purchased for use in your business.\n\nIf a purchase is also for personal or private use, you can only reclaim the business proportion of the VAT.\n\nYou must keep records to support your claim and show how you arrived at the business proportion for a purchase. You must also have valid VAT invoices.\n\nFrom 1 April 2019, most businesses will need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.\n\n## What you cannot reclaim\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT for:\n\n- anything that\u2019s only for private use\n\n- goods and services your business uses to make VAT-exempt supplies\n\n- business entertainment costs\n\n- goods sold to you under one of the VAT second-hand margin schemes\n\n- business assets that are transferred to you as a going concern\n\n## Purchases before registration\n\nYou may be able to reclaim VAT paid on goods or services bought before you registered for VAT if the purchases were made within certain time limits.\n\n## Partly exempt businesses\n\nYou need to make separate calculations for purchases that relate to both VAT-exempt and taxable supplies, such as phone bills or accountancy fees.\n\n## Business assets of \u00a350,000 and more\n\nThere are special rules for reclaiming VAT for:\n\n- individual computers and single pieces of computer equipment costing \u00a350,000 or more before VAT\n\n- aircraft, ships and boats costing \u00a350,000 or more before VAT\n\n- land and buildings costing \u00a3250,000 or more before VAT\n\nYou may need to adjust the amount of VAT you reclaim over several years using the Capital Goods Scheme.\n\n## How your VAT refund is repaid\n\nClaim your refund by submitting a VAT Return.\n\nYou need to give your account details to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - even if you\u2019ve already set up a Direct Debit for VAT Returns. Add or change them by going to the registration details in your VAT online account.\n\nYou can also use your online account to view any refund you\u2019re owed, unless you\u2019ve signed up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.\n\nYou will usually get your refund within 10 days of HMRC receiving your return but it may take longer. Only contact HMRC if you have not heard anything after 30 days.\n\n## Vehicles and fuel costs\n\n## Buying a new car\n\nYou may be able to reclaim all the VAT on a new car if you use it only for business.\n\nThe car must not be available for private use, and you must be able to show that it is not, for example it\u2019s specified in your employee\u2019s contract.\n\n\u2018Private use\u2019 includes travelling between home and work, unless it\u2019s a temporary place of work.\n\nYou may also be able to claim all the VAT on a new car if it\u2019s mainly used:\n\n- as a taxi\n\n- for driving instruction\n\n- for self-drive hire\n\n## Leasing a car\n\nIf you lease a car, you can usually claim 50% of the VAT. You may be able to reclaim all the VAT if the car is used only for business and is not available for private use, or is mainly used:\n\n- as a taxi\n\n- for driving instruction\n\n## Self-drive hire cars\n\nIf you hire a car to replace a company car that\u2019s off the road, you can usually claim 50% of the VAT on the hire charge.\n\nIf you hire a car for another reason (for example you do not have a company car), you can reclaim all the VAT if all the following apply:\n\n- you hire it for no more than 10 days\n\n- it\u2019s used only for business\n\n- it\u2019s not available for private use\n\n## Commercial vehicles\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT for buying a commercial vehicle (like a van, lorry or tractor) if you only use it for business.\n\nIf they\u2019re used only for business, you can also reclaim VAT on:\n\n- motorcycles\n\n- motorhomes and motor caravans\n\n- vans with rear seats (combi vans)\n\n- car-derived vans\n\n## Fuel costs\n\nThere are different ways of reclaiming VAT on fuel, if you do not pay a fixed rate under the Flat Rate Scheme.\n\nYou can reclaim all the VAT on fuel if your vehicle is used only for business. There are 3 ways of handling VAT if you use the vehicle for both business and private purposes. You can:\n\n- reclaim all the VAT and pay the right fuel scale charge for your vehicle\n\n- only reclaim the VAT on fuel you use for business trips - you\u2019ll have to keep detailed mileage records\n\n- choose not to reclaim any VAT, eg if your business mileage is so low that the fuel scale charge would be higher than the VAT you can reclaim\n\nIf you choose not to reclaim VAT on fuel for one vehicle you cannot reclaim VAT on any fuel for vehicles used by your business.\n\n## Additional costs\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT for:\n\n- all business-related running and maintenance costs, such as repairs or off-street parking\n\n- any accessories you\u2019ve fitted for business use\n\nYou can do this even if you cannot reclaim VAT on the vehicle itself.\n\n## Used vehicles\n\nThe sales invoice for your used vehicle must show the VAT. You cannot reclaim if it does not, for example if the seller uses the VAT margin scheme.\n\n## Staff travel\n\nYou can reclaim VAT on employee travel expenses for business trips, including meals and accommodation that you pay for.\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT if you pay your employees a flat rate for expenses.\n\nThere are special rules for motoring expenses.\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT on entertainment costs.\n\n## Who counts as an employee\n\nThe following people count as employees for VAT reclaims:\n\n- someone directly employed by you (not through an agency)\n\n- directors, partners, any other managers\n\n- self-employed people who are treated as employees (you cannot reclaim on travel expenses for this group)\n\n- helpers or stewards who help run events\n\nThe following people do not count as employees for VAT reclaims:\n\n- shareholders who are not employed by the business\n\n- pensioners and former employees\n\n- someone applying for a job, for example interviewees", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reclaim-vat", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am thinking of starting up a taxi business and am trying to work out if it is financially viable. I would potentially have up to half a dozwn employers, both part time and full time.", + "original_question": "If I were to buy three or four cars for use in my business only, could I reclaim VAT on them?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1155", + "question": "Scenario: The filing process has always been a time consuming task for my business. Most of the times I do it myself by hand. Recently a friend recommended I switch to electronic filing to make the process easier. I have all types of accounts but am mostly looking for software that can take care of full type accounts.\n\nQuestion: Will the software \"Taxfiler Accounts Production\" developed by \"Taxfiler\" be efficient for my needs?\n\nDocument - Find software for filing company documents:\n## Overview\n\nYou can use software to file your company accounts, file changes to your details and returns to Companies House electronically.\n\nYou can also file your annual accounts and confirmation statement (previously annual return) with Companies House online.\n\nUsing software or filing online you\u2019ll:\n\n- be less likely to get late filing penalties\n\n- get confirmation that your documents have been received\n\n- find out if they\u2019re accepted or rejected\n\n## How to file electronically\n\nYou must register for an online filing account - fill in the online filing credit account application form and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can then either:\n\n- get a software package from a Companies House (and HMRC) authorised provider\n\n- develop your own software - request a copy of the Companies House technical specifications by emailing xml@companieshouse.gov.uk\n\n## Filing annual accounts, returns and tax accounts\n\nCompanies House has tested the software listed.\n\nYou should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features, for example if you need software to deal with inactive accounts (sometimes called \u2018dormant accounts\u2019).\n\nYou must first register as an electronic filer.\n\nThe following is a list of software and the kinds of accounts you can use it for.\n\n| Supplier | Product | Dormant | Micro Entity | Abridged | Small | Full |\n\n| Ajaccts | AJACCTS | Yes | Yes | - | - | - |\n\n| Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Anglia Registrars Ltd | Inform Direct | Yes | Yes | - | - | - |\n\n| BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Capium Limited | Capium Accounts Production | Yes | - | Yes | - | - |\n\n| CaseWare UK | CaseWare Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Easy Digital Filing | Easy Digital Filing | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |\n\n| Eureka Software | Eureka Software | - | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |\n\n| Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | Yes |\n\n| gbooks | gbooks Company Accounts | Yes | Yes | - | Yes | Yes |\n\n| IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Keytime | Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Quality Management Software Ltd | CT600CH | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Taxfiler | Taxfiler Accounts Production | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |\n\n| Thomson Reuters | Digita | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Thomson Reuters | ONESOURCE | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| VT Software Limited | VT Filer | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Xero | Xero Tax | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | - |\n\n## Software for Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs)\n\n| Supplier | Product |\n\n| Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Accounts Production |\n\n| BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution |\n\n| CaseWare UK | CaseWare Accounts Production |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production |\n\n| CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse |\n\n| Eureka Software | Eureka Software |\n\n| Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC |\n\n| gbooks | gbooks Company Accounts |\n\n| IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production |\n\n| IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production |\n\n| Keytime | Accounts Production |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced |\n\n| Taxfiler | Taxfiler Accounts Production |\n\n| Thomson Reuters | Digita |\n\n| VT Software Limited | VT Filer |\n\n## Software for charities\n\n| Supplier | Product |\n\n| BTCSoftware Limited | AP Solution |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH iXBRL Review & Tag |\n\n| CCH Software (Wolters Kluwer) | CCH Accounts Production |\n\n| CoreFiling Limited | Seahorse |\n\n| Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC |\n\n| IRIS Software | IRIS Accounts Production |\n\n| IRIS Software | PTP Accounts Production |\n\n| Keytime | Accounts Production |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accountant Cloud - Final Accounts |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced |\n\n## Uploading your accounts to Companies House\n\nTax account software generates electronic accounts in Inline eXtensible Reporting Language (iXBRL).\n\nThe following software has a direct filing link to Companies House:\n\n| Supplier | Product |\n\n| eFile Ready Limited | eCompany Services |\n\nThe following software can validate your iXBRL:\n\n| Supplier | Product |\n\n| Xmetric Limited | Surefile Accounts |\n\n## Filing other company information\n\nCompanies House has tested and authorised software for filing information about:\n\n- incorporations (registering a new company)\n\n- changes to your company, for example directors joining or leaving, changing a registered address, and filing annual returns\n\n- mortgages, for example when they\u2019re paid or part-paid\n\nYou should consider which features you need and make sure the software you choose has those features.\n\n| Supplier | Product(s) | Incorporations | Secretarial | Mortgages |\n\n| 121 Company Formation Ltd | 121 Company Formation | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Acorah Software Products Ltd | TaxCalc Company Secretarial | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Advanced | Cloud Forms (Laserform Hub) | No | Yes | MR01, MR02, MR04 and MR05 |\n\n| angelPRO Limited | VenturePro | No | Yes | No |\n\n| Anglia Registrars Ltd | Inform Direct | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| BGL Corporate Solutions Ptd Ltd | Corporate Affairs System (CAS) | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| BHIS Limited | PC Share Register Plus | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| BritDAQ | BritDAQ Cosec | No | Yes | No |\n\n| BTC Software Limited | CS Solution | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Build and Prosper Ltd | File Direct 6 | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| CFS International Formations LTD | CFS Formations and Free Secretarial Package | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| The Company Formation Wizard | Company Formation Wizard | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Computershare Governance Services | Global Entity Management System (GEMS), Secretariat One (S1) | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Corporatek | EnGlobe, GlobalAct | No | Yes | No |\n\n| Diligent Entities | Blueprint | Yes | Yes | MR04, MR05 only |\n\n| Efaze Ltd BVI | Efaze.com company formations | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| eFile Ready Limited | eCompany Services | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| E Filing Limited | E Filing Limited | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| First Corporate | First Order | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Forbes Computer Systems Ltd | Forbes Accounts, Forbes Company Register, Forbes EINC | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Formations Direct | Vectis | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| FormEvo | FormEvo | No | Yes | MR01, MR02, MR04 and MR05 |\n\n| gbooks | gbooks Company Forms, gbooks Incorporation | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Info Commerce Limited | Acs1, Sec1, Inc1 | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| IRIS Software | IRIS Accountancy Suite | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Jordans Limited | Incorporator, Forming Companies, My Formations, PCSec administration software | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Keytime Objective Ltd | Company Secretarial | No | Yes | No |\n\n| Kudocs | Kudocs | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| LTDONLINE Ltd | LTDONLINE | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Online Filings Ltd | Online Filings | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Oswalds (Jordans [Scotland] Ltd) | Incorporator, Forming Companies, PCSec administration software | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Oyez | The Oyez Gateway | No | No | Yes |\n\n| Panlegis (Malta) Limited | Panlegis (Malta) Limited | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Principal Consultancy Ltd | Your Limited Company | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Armadillo | Armadillo e-Incorp | Yes | Yes | No |\n\n| Sage (UK) Limited | Sage Accounts Production Advanced, Sage Company Secretarial | No | Yes | No |\n\n| Thomson Reuters | Onvio Formations | Yes | No | No |\n\n| zetVisions AG | zetVisions CIM | No | Yes | No |", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-filing-software", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "The filing process has always been a time consuming task for my business. Most of the times I do it myself by hand. Recently a friend recommended I switch to electronic filing to make the process easier. I have all types of accounts but am mostly looking for software that can take care of full type accounts.", + "original_question": "Will the software \"Taxfiler Accounts Production\" developed by \"Taxfiler\" be efficient for my needs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1160", + "question": "Scenario: I run a fish and chip shop in Derby. I produce a lot of waste oil and food scraps. I understand this is covered by legislation.\n\nQuestion: Does this count as effluent?\n\nDocument - Water and sewerage rates for businesses:\n## Water\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay for any water your business uses, and for the drainage of water and effluent (liquid waste) from your premises.\n\nOfwat regulates the water industry in England and Wales. There are different regulators in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be charged\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged either:\n\n- for the water you use, plus a set charge (if you\u2019ve got a meter)\n\n- a set amount, usually based on the value of your property\n\nYour business could be eligible for a large user tariff, meaning your water might be cheaper. This is because it often costs less to supply larger businesses.\n\n## Sewerage and effluent\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged for any \u2018foul sewerage\u2019 (such as wastewater from a toilet or kitchen) and drainage from your property. The amount you pay is usually linked to how much water you use.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay for any effluent (liquid waste) you produce. Effluent is water contaminated with things like:\n\n- fats, oils and grease\n\n- chemicals\n\n- food waste\n\nThe amount your water supplier will charge is usually based on the amount and strength of the effluent before it reaches the sewer.\n\nSewerage charges can either appear on your water bill or your effluent bill, depending on your supplier.\n\n## Choosing a supplier\n\nYou may be able to choose your water and sewerage service provider depending on where your business is.\n\nIn England and Wales you can check with Ofwat whether you can choose your own supplier.\n\nIn Scotland choose your supplier from the Water Commission\u2019s list of suppliers.\n\nIn Northern Ireland you can\u2019t choose your own supplier - water is supplied by Northern Ireland Water.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/water-and-sewerage-rates-for-businesses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a fish and chip shop in Derby. I produce a lot of waste oil and food scraps. I understand this is covered by legislation.", + "original_question": "Does this count as effluent?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1161", + "question": "Scenario: I run a laundry business and we use a lot of water. I am looking for a better deal as I am a heavy user of water.\n\nQuestion: Can I select my own water provider?\n\nDocument - Water and sewerage rates for businesses:\n## Water\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay for any water your business uses, and for the drainage of water and effluent (liquid waste) from your premises.\n\nOfwat regulates the water industry in England and Wales. There are different regulators in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be charged\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged either:\n\n- for the water you use, plus a set charge (if you\u2019ve got a meter)\n\n- a set amount, usually based on the value of your property\n\nYour business could be eligible for a large user tariff, meaning your water might be cheaper. This is because it often costs less to supply larger businesses.\n\n## Sewerage and effluent\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged for any \u2018foul sewerage\u2019 (such as wastewater from a toilet or kitchen) and drainage from your property. The amount you pay is usually linked to how much water you use.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay for any effluent (liquid waste) you produce. Effluent is water contaminated with things like:\n\n- fats, oils and grease\n\n- chemicals\n\n- food waste\n\nThe amount your water supplier will charge is usually based on the amount and strength of the effluent before it reaches the sewer.\n\nSewerage charges can either appear on your water bill or your effluent bill, depending on your supplier.\n\n## Choosing a supplier\n\nYou may be able to choose your water and sewerage service provider depending on where your business is.\n\nIn England and Wales you can check with Ofwat whether you can choose your own supplier.\n\nIn Scotland choose your supplier from the Water Commission\u2019s list of suppliers.\n\nIn Northern Ireland you can\u2019t choose your own supplier - water is supplied by Northern Ireland Water.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/water-and-sewerage-rates-for-businesses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a laundry business and we use a lot of water. I am looking for a better deal as I am a heavy user of water.", + "original_question": "Can I select my own water provider?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1163", + "question": "Scenario: I registered the birth of my son last year and foolishly put the name of my ex on the birth certificate rather than that of his father. I deeply regret this now and want to make amends.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible to change the father's name on my son's birth certificate?\n\nDocument - Correct a birth registration:\n## What corrections can be made\n\nYou can apply for a birth registration correction when the information is wrong - for example if a mistake was made when recording a parent\u2019s occupation.\n\nYou cannot apply for a correction to show new information if circumstances change after you\u2019ve registered your child\u2019s birth, for example if you change your name after getting married again.\n\nHowever, you can apply to re-register the birth if the natural parents get married at a later date.\n\n## Removing the wrong father\u2019s details\n\nYou can apply to change who the recorded father is if you can prove that the man named on the certificate is not the natural father of the child. Examples of proof include:\n\n- a DNA test record from an approved tester\n\n- a court order\n\n- evidence that confirms the name of the true biological father\n\n- other evidence that confirms the recorded father could not have been the child\u2019s natural father\n\n## What happens if you change gender\n\nIf you get your gender change legally recognised, you\u2019ll be able to order a new birth certificate with your new gender on it.\n\n## What the correction looks like\n\nIf your application is approved, a correction is made in the register in the office for the area where your child was born.\n\nThe original information will always be shown in the register. After the correction has been authorised, a note will be added to the margin of the register. This will explain what the correct information is and when the correction was made.\n\nAll full birth certificates that are issued after the correction will include the note in the margin.\n\nShort birth certificates only include the child\u2019s details and will not have a note in the margin - they just show any correct new details.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nThe following people can apply for a correction:\n\n- the mother\n\n- the father (if his details are on the certificate)\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to change a child\u2019s name and both parents are named on the certificate, both must sign the application form.\n\nThe child named on the certificate may be able to apply for a correction if their parents are not available.\n\n## Removing the wrong father\u2019s details\n\nIt is not always necessary for the named father to take part in the correction process. The General Register Office (GRO) can correct the entry if 2 of the following people apply to have it changed:\n\n- the mother\n\n- the natural father\n\n- the man named on the birth certificate as the father\n\nAt least one of these must sign the application form.\n\nYou need to provide contact addresses for the mother, the man named as the father on the certificate and the true biological father (if he took part in a DNA test).\n\n## How to apply\n\nIt costs \u00a375 or \u00a390 to apply to correct a mistake in a birth registration.\n\nContact the register office where your child\u2019s birth was registered to find out how to send your application, the cost and how to pay.\n\nFill in the relevant application form and send it to the register office:\n\n- correct details on a birth registration\n\n- remove incorrect father\u2019s details from a birth registration\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for correcting registrations made in Northern Ireland and Scotland.\n\n## Proving the registration is wrong\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that the information given at the time of the registration was wrong. You must send in documents with your application that show what the correct information should have been. These documents should be valid or dated around the time your child was born.\n\nDocuments you can send in include a:\n\n- passport\n\n- photocard driving licence\n\n- bank, building society or credit card statement\n\n- letter from a hospital or doctor\n\n- letter from a government department\n\nIf you are not able to send in proof, corrections cannot usually be made.\n\nAll certified copies sent with the application will be destroyed if you do not ask for them to be returned.\n\n## Proof the wrong father is on the certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prove that the man named on the certificate is not the natural father of the child. Examples of proof include:\n\n- a DNA test record from an approved tester\n\n- a court order\n\n- evidence that confirms the name of the true biological father\n\n- other evidence that confirms the recorded father could not have been the child\u2019s natural father\n\n## Sending in certified documents\n\nYou should only send in documents that have been certified as true copies of the original.\n\n## Witnessing the correction\n\nIf the correction is being made at your register office, you need to arrange an appointment with them. When you go in you\u2019ll witness the correction and sign the note made in the birth register.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to the General Register Office (GRO) to make the correction, you can say on the application form if you want to witness the correction.\n\n## Statutory declaration\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to correct a serious mistake (such as the name of a person), the GRO may ask you to make a \u2018statutory declaration\u2019 about the correction and send it to them. This means you have to make a legal statement in front of someone like a judge or solicitor that they must sign (sometimes called \u2018attesting an oath\u2019).\n\nIf you make a statutory declaration, you will not have to witness the correction.\n\nYou may have to pay a fee for a statutory declaration.\n\n## How long applications take\n\nThere is no set time for how long applications will take. It can take up to 25 days for you to get a reply.\n\n## Advice\n\nIf you want further advice on applying to make a correction, contact the register office or the General Register Office (GRO).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correct-birth-registration", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I registered the birth of my son last year and foolishly put the name of my ex on the birth certificate rather than that of his father. I deeply regret this now and want to make amends.", + "original_question": "Is it possible to change the father's name on my son's birth certificate?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1164", + "question": "Scenario: I am the custodian of our two daughters after i underwent domestic abuse and our marriage broke. We had made a private arrangement with my ex-husband on how he will pay for childcare maintenance. It's 5 months now and has not paid any child maintenance.\n\nQuestion: If i apply for the childcare mantainance services will i have to pay a fee?\n\nDocument - Making a child maintenance arrangement:\n## Overview\n\nChild maintenance is an arrangement between you and the other parent of your child. It covers how your child\u2019s living costs will be paid for when one of the parents no longer lives with them. It\u2019s made when you\u2019ve separated from the other parent (or if you\u2019ve never been in a relationship).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nBoth parents are responsible for the costs of raising their children, even if they do not see them. Making agreements about access to your children happens separately.\n\nChild maintenance can be either:\n\n- a private arrangement between you and the other parent\n\n- made through the Child Maintenance Service - a government scheme\n\nYou need to have child maintenance arrangements for children under 16 (or under 20 if they\u2019re in approved education or training). If you make a private arrangement you can continue paying after then.\n\n## If you\u2019re experiencing domestic abuse or controlling behaviour\n\nDomestic abuse includes controlling behaviour. For example:\n\n- emotionally controlling or manipulative behaviour\n\n- controlling your finances\n\n- controlling the way you look after your children\n\nYou can use the Child Maintenance Service to arrange child maintenance if you do not want to contact the\u00a0other parent yourself. They will contact the other parent for you and you will not need to pay the application fee if you\u2019re experiencing domestic abuse.\n\n## How it affects benefits\n\nChild maintenance payments will not affect any benefits that you and your children get. You will not have to pay tax on them.\n\nYour Council Tax Reduction could be affected. Contact your local council to find out if this applies to you.\n\n## Making an arrangement for the first time\n\n- Talk to the other parent about making your own arrangements.\n\n- If you cannot agree, or you feel at risk talking to the other parent, contact Child Maintenance Options for help and support.\n\n- If you decide to use the Child Maintenance Service, they\u2019ll give you a reference number and explain how to apply.\n\n## Arrange child maintenance yourself\n\nYou can make arrangements for your children if both parents agree. This might cover their living costs and care.\n\nThis is a private arrangement where you and the other parent organise everything yourselves. No one else has to be involved. It\u2019s flexible and can be changed if your circumstances change. For example, you could both agree that one parent:\n\n- does school or nursery pick ups\n\n- looks after the children in the holidays\n\n- pays a proportion of their income to the parent with day to day care\n\n- pays for things like housing, school uniform, trips or after school clubs\n\n- pays a regular set amount directly to the parent with care\n\n## Working out payments\n\nIf you agree to make regular payments, you can use the child maintenance calculator to help you decide how much payments should be.\n\n## Get help to make an arrangement\n\nYou can search for a local mediator to help you reach agreement about an arrangement.\n\nYou can read guidance on:\n\n- working out the cost of raising your children\n\n- having a conversation about child maintenance\n\n- recording your agreement\n\nYou can contact Child Maintenance Options for support.\n\nThere are different contact details if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## If your private arrangement stops working\n\nYou can search for a local mediator to help you work out child maintenance arrangements.\n\nIf you later decide to switch to using the Child Maintenance Service you may have to pay an application fee. You will not need to pay the fee if you\u2019ve experienced domestic abuse, you\u2019re under 19 years old or you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Using the Child Maintenance Service\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service is for parents who have not been able to make a private arrangement about how their child\u2019s living costs will be paid. The payments are a fixed amount on a schedule.\n\nOnce the Child Maintenance Service calculates the maintenance amount, payments are usually managed between parents. The payments are fixed amounts paid on a schedule.\n\nIf you use the service to collect and transfer payments, you\u2019ll pay a fee each time you make or receive a payment.\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service can:\n\n- work out child maintenance payment amounts (you can do this yourself with the calculator)\n\n- arrange for the other parent to pay child maintenance and take action if payments are not made\n\n- help find the other parent (they\u2019ll need information from you and will not be able to set up a case if they cannot be found)\n\n- sort out disagreements about parentage\n\n- look at the payments if changes in parents\u2019 circumstances are reported\n\nYou can switch to arranging child maintenance yourself later on.\n\n## If you\u2019ve experienced domestic abuse or controlling behaviour from your child\u2019s other parent\n\nIf you\u2019re worried about your child\u2019s other parent contacting you, tell the Child Maintenance Service. You do not need to be in contact with the other parent.\n\nTell the Child Maintenance Service if it\u2019s not safe for the other parent to know your location or personal information, for example if you\u2019ve changed your name.\n\n## Getting payments without sharing your location\n\nThere are ways to get payments from your child\u2019s other parent without sharing your location.\n\nYou can ask your bank to set up a \u2018non-geographical\u2019 bank account if you do not want the other parent to know your address. Ask the Child Maintenance Service to give you a letter to explain why you need it.\n\nYou can also set up a pre-payment card which is not connected to a bank account. The paying parent can set up a standing order to your pre-payment card.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour child needs to be under 16 (or under 20 if they stay in approved education or training).\n\nYou need to live in the UK as your main home and have the right to live here.\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- either parent (you do not need to live with the child)\n\n- a grandparent or other guardian of the child\n\n- a child over 12 living in Scotland\n\nIf you\u2019re in prison or a full-time student with no income, you do not have to pay child maintenance - there\u2019s no need to apply.\n\nYou cannot use this service if you have an existing consent order approved by a court that is either less than a year old or made before 3 March 2003.\n\n## If one of the parents lives outside the UK\n\nYou cannot apply if the child and the parent with main day-to-day care live outside the UK.\n\nThe service can only help if the paying parent works outside the UK for a British organisation.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe application fee is \u00a320.\n\nYou will not have to pay this if you:\n\n- have experienced domestic abuse\n\n- are under 19 years old\n\n- live in Northern Ireland\n\n## How to apply\n\nContact Child Maintenance Options before you apply.\n\nThey\u2019ll discuss your maintenance arrangements with you, give you a reference number and explain how to apply.\n\nThere are different contact details if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need to provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give information about you and your family, for example:\n\n- details about the child you\u2019re applying for - including the full names of their parents\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- your bank account details (tell the Child Maintenance Service if it\u2019s not safe to tell the other parent your name, if you\u2019ve changed it, or location)\n\n## How your information is used\n\nYour information is used to set up and manage child maintenance payments, and sometimes to try to find the paying parent.\n\nThe Child Maintenance Service will share your name and your child\u2019s name with the other parent. They will not share your address.\n\nThey may share your contact details with other government organisations, debt collection agencies or the courts. They will not share details of your case.\n\nIf the Child Maintenance Service cannot get the information from either parent, they might ask others, for example:\n\n- the paying parent\u2019s employer\n\n- government organisations like Jobcentre Plus\n\n- prison services or local councils\n\n- the paying parent\u2019s bank or building society", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/making-child-maintenance-arrangement", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the custodian of our two daughters after i underwent domestic abuse and our marriage broke. We had made a private arrangement with my ex-husband on how he will pay for childcare maintenance. It's 5 months now and has not paid any child maintenance.", + "original_question": "If i apply for the childcare mantainance services will i have to pay a fee?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1166", + "question": "Scenario: My partner and I are French citizens living in the UK and have just had our first child. We would like our child to have dual citizenship if this is possible.\n\nQuestion: When we register our baby's birth, do we have to mention our nationality?\n\nDocument - Register a birth:\n## Overview\n\nYou may not be able to register a birth at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You\u2019ll be able to register at a later date.\n\nFind out if you can register a birth now by:\n\n- contacting the local register office\n\n- asking at the hospital where the baby was born before the mother leaves\n\nThere are different rules for registering a birth in Scotland, registering a birth in Northern Ireland and registering a birth abroad.\n\n## Information you need when registering a birth\n\nWhen registering the birth, you should know:\n\n- place and date of the birth\n\n- name, surname and sex of the baby\n\n- parents\u2019 names, surnames and address\n\n- places and dates of parents\u2019 birth\n\n- date of parents\u2019 marriage or civil partnership\n\n- parents\u2019 jobs\n\n- mother\u2019s maiden surname\n\n## What you should take\n\nIf you can register the birth, you should take at least one form of identification when you go to the register office. You can use:\n\n- passport\n\n- birth certificate\n\n- deed poll\n\n- driving licence\n\n- proof of address (for example, a utility bill)\n\n- Council Tax bill\n\n- marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\nYou should also take your child\u2019s personal child health record or \u2018red book\u2019 as some registrars may ask to see it.\n\nIf you\u2019re going to the register office on your own, you may need proof of paternity from the other parent before you give their details.\n\n## Organisations you need to contact\n\nHaving a child might affect your tax, your benefits and services from your local council.\n\nThe Tell Us Once service can report a birth to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) and your local council in one go. The registrar will let you know if this service is available in your area.\n\nWhen you go to a Tell Us Once appointment, you\u2019ll be asked about:\n\n- the people who\u2019ll be named on the birth register\n\n- any partners that live with them\n\nFor each person, you\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- their address and phone number\n\n- their date of birth\n\n- their National Insurance number\n\n- details of any benefits they get or have applied for\n\nIf the Tell Us Once service is not available in your area, you\u2019ll need to contact Jobcentre Plus and your local council about your benefits and services.\n\n## After the birth is registered\n\nOnce you\u2019ve registered the birth, you may be able to claim:\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n## Who can register a birth\n\n## Opposite-sex couples\n\n## Married or civil-partner parents\n\nEither parent can register the birth on their own. They can include both parents\u2019 details if they were married or in a civil partnership when the baby was born or conceived.\n\n## Unmarried parents\n\nThe details of both parents can be included on the birth certificate if one of the following happens:\n\n- they sign the birth register together\n\n- one parent completes a statutory declaration of parentage form and the other takes the signed form to register the birth\n\n- one parent goes to register the birth with a document from the court (for example, a court order) giving the father parental responsibility\n\nThe mother can choose to register the birth without the child\u2019s father if they\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership. The father\u2019s details will not be included on the birth certificate.\n\nIt might be possible to add the father\u2019s details at a later date by completing an application for the re-registration of a child\u2019s birth.\n\n## Same-sex female couples\n\nFemale couples can include both their names on their child\u2019s birth certificate when registering the birth.\n\n## Married or civil-partner parents\n\nEither parent can register the birth on their own if all of the following are true:\n\n- the mother has a child by donor insemination or fertility treatment\n\n- she was married or in a civil partnership at the time of the treatment\n\n## Unmarried, non-civil-partner parents\n\nWhen a mother is not married or in a civil partnership, her partner can be seen as the child\u2019s second parent if both women:\n\n- are treated together in the UK by a licensed clinic\n\n- have made a \u2018parenthood agreement\u2019\n\nHowever, for both parents\u2019 details to be recorded on the birth certificate, they must do one of the following:\n\n- register the birth jointly\n\n- complete a \u2018Statutory declaration of acknowledgement of parentage\u2019 form and one parent takes the signed form when she registers the birth\n\n- get a document from the court (for example, a court order) giving the second female parent parental responsibility and one parent shows the document when she registers the birth\n\n## Same-sex male couples\n\nMale couples must get a parental order from the court before they can be registered as parents.\n\n## Other people who can register a birth\n\nIf the parents cannot register the birth (for example, for medical reasons), certain other people can do it:\n\n- someone who was present at the birth\n\n- someone who is responsible for the child\n\n- a member of the administrative staff at the hospital where the child was born\n\n## Birth certificates\n\nYou may not get a certificate straight away because of coronavirus (COVID-19). The register office will tell you when you can get a certificate.\n\nThere are 2 types of birth certificate:\n\n- the short version, which contains only the baby\u2019s details\n\n- the full version, which also contains the parents\u2019 details\n\nOnce you have registered the birth, you\u2019ll be able to buy a short or full certificate for your baby. Both kinds cost \u00a311.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-birth", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner and I are French citizens living in the UK and have just had our first child. We would like our child to have dual citizenship if this is possible.", + "original_question": "When we register our baby's birth, do we have to mention our nationality?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1167", + "question": "Scenario: My sister has recently had her baby and has to remain in hospital due to complications. She has no partner and will be raising the baby alone.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to register my sister's baby even though I am not its parent?\n\nDocument - Register a birth:\n## Overview\n\nYou may not be able to register a birth at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You\u2019ll be able to register at a later date.\n\nFind out if you can register a birth now by:\n\n- contacting the local register office\n\n- asking at the hospital where the baby was born before the mother leaves\n\nThere are different rules for registering a birth in Scotland, registering a birth in Northern Ireland and registering a birth abroad.\n\n## Information you need when registering a birth\n\nWhen registering the birth, you should know:\n\n- place and date of the birth\n\n- name, surname and sex of the baby\n\n- parents\u2019 names, surnames and address\n\n- places and dates of parents\u2019 birth\n\n- date of parents\u2019 marriage or civil partnership\n\n- parents\u2019 jobs\n\n- mother\u2019s maiden surname\n\n## What you should take\n\nIf you can register the birth, you should take at least one form of identification when you go to the register office. You can use:\n\n- passport\n\n- birth certificate\n\n- deed poll\n\n- driving licence\n\n- proof of address (for example, a utility bill)\n\n- Council Tax bill\n\n- marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\nYou should also take your child\u2019s personal child health record or \u2018red book\u2019 as some registrars may ask to see it.\n\nIf you\u2019re going to the register office on your own, you may need proof of paternity from the other parent before you give their details.\n\n## Organisations you need to contact\n\nHaving a child might affect your tax, your benefits and services from your local council.\n\nThe Tell Us Once service can report a birth to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) and your local council in one go. The registrar will let you know if this service is available in your area.\n\nWhen you go to a Tell Us Once appointment, you\u2019ll be asked about:\n\n- the people who\u2019ll be named on the birth register\n\n- any partners that live with them\n\nFor each person, you\u2019ll need to know:\n\n- their address and phone number\n\n- their date of birth\n\n- their National Insurance number\n\n- details of any benefits they get or have applied for\n\nIf the Tell Us Once service is not available in your area, you\u2019ll need to contact Jobcentre Plus and your local council about your benefits and services.\n\n## After the birth is registered\n\nOnce you\u2019ve registered the birth, you may be able to claim:\n\n- Child Benefit\n\n- Child Tax Credit\n\n## Who can register a birth\n\n## Opposite-sex couples\n\n## Married or civil-partner parents\n\nEither parent can register the birth on their own. They can include both parents\u2019 details if they were married or in a civil partnership when the baby was born or conceived.\n\n## Unmarried parents\n\nThe details of both parents can be included on the birth certificate if one of the following happens:\n\n- they sign the birth register together\n\n- one parent completes a statutory declaration of parentage form and the other takes the signed form to register the birth\n\n- one parent goes to register the birth with a document from the court (for example, a court order) giving the father parental responsibility\n\nThe mother can choose to register the birth without the child\u2019s father if they\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership. The father\u2019s details will not be included on the birth certificate.\n\nIt might be possible to add the father\u2019s details at a later date by completing an application for the re-registration of a child\u2019s birth.\n\n## Same-sex female couples\n\nFemale couples can include both their names on their child\u2019s birth certificate when registering the birth.\n\n## Married or civil-partner parents\n\nEither parent can register the birth on their own if all of the following are true:\n\n- the mother has a child by donor insemination or fertility treatment\n\n- she was married or in a civil partnership at the time of the treatment\n\n## Unmarried, non-civil-partner parents\n\nWhen a mother is not married or in a civil partnership, her partner can be seen as the child\u2019s second parent if both women:\n\n- are treated together in the UK by a licensed clinic\n\n- have made a \u2018parenthood agreement\u2019\n\nHowever, for both parents\u2019 details to be recorded on the birth certificate, they must do one of the following:\n\n- register the birth jointly\n\n- complete a \u2018Statutory declaration of acknowledgement of parentage\u2019 form and one parent takes the signed form when she registers the birth\n\n- get a document from the court (for example, a court order) giving the second female parent parental responsibility and one parent shows the document when she registers the birth\n\n## Same-sex male couples\n\nMale couples must get a parental order from the court before they can be registered as parents.\n\n## Other people who can register a birth\n\nIf the parents cannot register the birth (for example, for medical reasons), certain other people can do it:\n\n- someone who was present at the birth\n\n- someone who is responsible for the child\n\n- a member of the administrative staff at the hospital where the child was born\n\n## Birth certificates\n\nYou may not get a certificate straight away because of coronavirus (COVID-19). The register office will tell you when you can get a certificate.\n\nThere are 2 types of birth certificate:\n\n- the short version, which contains only the baby\u2019s details\n\n- the full version, which also contains the parents\u2019 details\n\nOnce you have registered the birth, you\u2019ll be able to buy a short or full certificate for your baby. Both kinds cost \u00a311.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-birth", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My sister has recently had her baby and has to remain in hospital due to complications. She has no partner and will be raising the baby alone.", + "original_question": "Am I able to register my sister's baby even though I am not its parent?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1174", + "question": "Scenario: I bought a personal gaming computer for myself and requested an invoice to my business, so I can claim VAT on it. I will not be using this computer for work, it is purely for private use. Today when I brought this up with my accountant he let me know that I will not be able to claim VAT on this purchase.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible to reclaim VAT on this purchase?\n\nDocument - Reclaiming VAT:\n## What you can and cannot reclaim\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT paid on goods and services purchased for use in your business.\n\nIf a purchase is also for personal or private use, you can only reclaim the business proportion of the VAT.\n\nYou must keep records to support your claim and show how you arrived at the business proportion for a purchase. You must also have valid VAT invoices.\n\nFrom 1 April 2019, most businesses will need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.\n\n## What you cannot reclaim\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT for:\n\n- anything that\u2019s only for private use\n\n- goods and services your business uses to make VAT-exempt supplies\n\n- business entertainment costs\n\n- goods sold to you under one of the VAT second-hand margin schemes\n\n- business assets that are transferred to you as a going concern\n\n## Purchases before registration\n\nYou may be able to reclaim VAT paid on goods or services bought before you registered for VAT if the purchases were made within certain time limits.\n\n## Partly exempt businesses\n\nYou need to make separate calculations for purchases that relate to both VAT-exempt and taxable supplies, such as phone bills or accountancy fees.\n\n## Business assets of \u00a350,000 and more\n\nThere are special rules for reclaiming VAT for:\n\n- individual computers and single pieces of computer equipment costing \u00a350,000 or more before VAT\n\n- aircraft, ships and boats costing \u00a350,000 or more before VAT\n\n- land and buildings costing \u00a3250,000 or more before VAT\n\nYou may need to adjust the amount of VAT you reclaim over several years using the Capital Goods Scheme.\n\n## How your VAT refund is repaid\n\nClaim your refund by submitting a VAT Return.\n\nYou need to give your account details to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - even if you\u2019ve already set up a Direct Debit for VAT Returns. Add or change them by going to the registration details in your VAT online account.\n\nYou can also use your online account to view any refund you\u2019re owed, unless you\u2019ve signed up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.\n\nYou will usually get your refund within 10 days of HMRC receiving your return but it may take longer. Only contact HMRC if you have not heard anything after 30 days.\n\n## Vehicles and fuel costs\n\n## Buying a new car\n\nYou may be able to reclaim all the VAT on a new car if you use it only for business.\n\nThe car must not be available for private use, and you must be able to show that it is not, for example it\u2019s specified in your employee\u2019s contract.\n\n\u2018Private use\u2019 includes travelling between home and work, unless it\u2019s a temporary place of work.\n\nYou may also be able to claim all the VAT on a new car if it\u2019s mainly used:\n\n- as a taxi\n\n- for driving instruction\n\n- for self-drive hire\n\n## Leasing a car\n\nIf you lease a car, you can usually claim 50% of the VAT. You may be able to reclaim all the VAT if the car is used only for business and is not available for private use, or is mainly used:\n\n- as a taxi\n\n- for driving instruction\n\n## Self-drive hire cars\n\nIf you hire a car to replace a company car that\u2019s off the road, you can usually claim 50% of the VAT on the hire charge.\n\nIf you hire a car for another reason (for example you do not have a company car), you can reclaim all the VAT if all the following apply:\n\n- you hire it for no more than 10 days\n\n- it\u2019s used only for business\n\n- it\u2019s not available for private use\n\n## Commercial vehicles\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT for buying a commercial vehicle (like a van, lorry or tractor) if you only use it for business.\n\nIf they\u2019re used only for business, you can also reclaim VAT on:\n\n- motorcycles\n\n- motorhomes and motor caravans\n\n- vans with rear seats (combi vans)\n\n- car-derived vans\n\n## Fuel costs\n\nThere are different ways of reclaiming VAT on fuel, if you do not pay a fixed rate under the Flat Rate Scheme.\n\nYou can reclaim all the VAT on fuel if your vehicle is used only for business. There are 3 ways of handling VAT if you use the vehicle for both business and private purposes. You can:\n\n- reclaim all the VAT and pay the right fuel scale charge for your vehicle\n\n- only reclaim the VAT on fuel you use for business trips - you\u2019ll have to keep detailed mileage records\n\n- choose not to reclaim any VAT, eg if your business mileage is so low that the fuel scale charge would be higher than the VAT you can reclaim\n\nIf you choose not to reclaim VAT on fuel for one vehicle you cannot reclaim VAT on any fuel for vehicles used by your business.\n\n## Additional costs\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT for:\n\n- all business-related running and maintenance costs, such as repairs or off-street parking\n\n- any accessories you\u2019ve fitted for business use\n\nYou can do this even if you cannot reclaim VAT on the vehicle itself.\n\n## Used vehicles\n\nThe sales invoice for your used vehicle must show the VAT. You cannot reclaim if it does not, for example if the seller uses the VAT margin scheme.\n\n## Staff travel\n\nYou can reclaim VAT on employee travel expenses for business trips, including meals and accommodation that you pay for.\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT if you pay your employees a flat rate for expenses.\n\nThere are special rules for motoring expenses.\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT on entertainment costs.\n\n## Who counts as an employee\n\nThe following people count as employees for VAT reclaims:\n\n- someone directly employed by you (not through an agency)\n\n- directors, partners, any other managers\n\n- self-employed people who are treated as employees (you cannot reclaim on travel expenses for this group)\n\n- helpers or stewards who help run events\n\nThe following people do not count as employees for VAT reclaims:\n\n- shareholders who are not employed by the business\n\n- pensioners and former employees\n\n- someone applying for a job, for example interviewees", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reclaim-vat", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I bought a personal gaming computer for myself and requested an invoice to my business, so I can claim VAT on it. I will not be using this computer for work, it is purely for private use. Today when I brought this up with my accountant he let me know that I will not be able to claim VAT on this purchase.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible to reclaim VAT on this purchase?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1175", + "question": "Scenario: I own a fast food franchise, currently I only have one location. Recently I began planning on opening a new location after I saw a very well located vacant property for sale. The property is listed for \u00a3200,000 before VAT. Since it is going to be a business expansion expense I plan on reclaiming VAT on it.\n\nQuestion: Do the normal VAT rules apply to this purchase?\n\nDocument - Reclaiming VAT:\n## What you can and cannot reclaim\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT paid on goods and services purchased for use in your business.\n\nIf a purchase is also for personal or private use, you can only reclaim the business proportion of the VAT.\n\nYou must keep records to support your claim and show how you arrived at the business proportion for a purchase. You must also have valid VAT invoices.\n\nFrom 1 April 2019, most businesses will need to keep digital VAT records and use software to submit VAT Returns.\n\n## What you cannot reclaim\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT for:\n\n- anything that\u2019s only for private use\n\n- goods and services your business uses to make VAT-exempt supplies\n\n- business entertainment costs\n\n- goods sold to you under one of the VAT second-hand margin schemes\n\n- business assets that are transferred to you as a going concern\n\n## Purchases before registration\n\nYou may be able to reclaim VAT paid on goods or services bought before you registered for VAT if the purchases were made within certain time limits.\n\n## Partly exempt businesses\n\nYou need to make separate calculations for purchases that relate to both VAT-exempt and taxable supplies, such as phone bills or accountancy fees.\n\n## Business assets of \u00a350,000 and more\n\nThere are special rules for reclaiming VAT for:\n\n- individual computers and single pieces of computer equipment costing \u00a350,000 or more before VAT\n\n- aircraft, ships and boats costing \u00a350,000 or more before VAT\n\n- land and buildings costing \u00a3250,000 or more before VAT\n\nYou may need to adjust the amount of VAT you reclaim over several years using the Capital Goods Scheme.\n\n## How your VAT refund is repaid\n\nClaim your refund by submitting a VAT Return.\n\nYou need to give your account details to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) - even if you\u2019ve already set up a Direct Debit for VAT Returns. Add or change them by going to the registration details in your VAT online account.\n\nYou can also use your online account to view any refund you\u2019re owed, unless you\u2019ve signed up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.\n\nYou will usually get your refund within 10 days of HMRC receiving your return but it may take longer. Only contact HMRC if you have not heard anything after 30 days.\n\n## Vehicles and fuel costs\n\n## Buying a new car\n\nYou may be able to reclaim all the VAT on a new car if you use it only for business.\n\nThe car must not be available for private use, and you must be able to show that it is not, for example it\u2019s specified in your employee\u2019s contract.\n\n\u2018Private use\u2019 includes travelling between home and work, unless it\u2019s a temporary place of work.\n\nYou may also be able to claim all the VAT on a new car if it\u2019s mainly used:\n\n- as a taxi\n\n- for driving instruction\n\n- for self-drive hire\n\n## Leasing a car\n\nIf you lease a car, you can usually claim 50% of the VAT. You may be able to reclaim all the VAT if the car is used only for business and is not available for private use, or is mainly used:\n\n- as a taxi\n\n- for driving instruction\n\n## Self-drive hire cars\n\nIf you hire a car to replace a company car that\u2019s off the road, you can usually claim 50% of the VAT on the hire charge.\n\nIf you hire a car for another reason (for example you do not have a company car), you can reclaim all the VAT if all the following apply:\n\n- you hire it for no more than 10 days\n\n- it\u2019s used only for business\n\n- it\u2019s not available for private use\n\n## Commercial vehicles\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT for buying a commercial vehicle (like a van, lorry or tractor) if you only use it for business.\n\nIf they\u2019re used only for business, you can also reclaim VAT on:\n\n- motorcycles\n\n- motorhomes and motor caravans\n\n- vans with rear seats (combi vans)\n\n- car-derived vans\n\n## Fuel costs\n\nThere are different ways of reclaiming VAT on fuel, if you do not pay a fixed rate under the Flat Rate Scheme.\n\nYou can reclaim all the VAT on fuel if your vehicle is used only for business. There are 3 ways of handling VAT if you use the vehicle for both business and private purposes. You can:\n\n- reclaim all the VAT and pay the right fuel scale charge for your vehicle\n\n- only reclaim the VAT on fuel you use for business trips - you\u2019ll have to keep detailed mileage records\n\n- choose not to reclaim any VAT, eg if your business mileage is so low that the fuel scale charge would be higher than the VAT you can reclaim\n\nIf you choose not to reclaim VAT on fuel for one vehicle you cannot reclaim VAT on any fuel for vehicles used by your business.\n\n## Additional costs\n\nYou can usually reclaim the VAT for:\n\n- all business-related running and maintenance costs, such as repairs or off-street parking\n\n- any accessories you\u2019ve fitted for business use\n\nYou can do this even if you cannot reclaim VAT on the vehicle itself.\n\n## Used vehicles\n\nThe sales invoice for your used vehicle must show the VAT. You cannot reclaim if it does not, for example if the seller uses the VAT margin scheme.\n\n## Staff travel\n\nYou can reclaim VAT on employee travel expenses for business trips, including meals and accommodation that you pay for.\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT if you pay your employees a flat rate for expenses.\n\nThere are special rules for motoring expenses.\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT on entertainment costs.\n\n## Who counts as an employee\n\nThe following people count as employees for VAT reclaims:\n\n- someone directly employed by you (not through an agency)\n\n- directors, partners, any other managers\n\n- self-employed people who are treated as employees (you cannot reclaim on travel expenses for this group)\n\n- helpers or stewards who help run events\n\nThe following people do not count as employees for VAT reclaims:\n\n- shareholders who are not employed by the business\n\n- pensioners and former employees\n\n- someone applying for a job, for example interviewees", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reclaim-vat", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a fast food franchise, currently I only have one location. Recently I began planning on opening a new location after I saw a very well located vacant property for sale. The property is listed for \u00a3200,000 before VAT. Since it is going to be a business expansion expense I plan on reclaiming VAT on it.", + "original_question": "Do the normal VAT rules apply to this purchase?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1182", + "question": "Scenario: we are a hospitality company. over the past year because of reduced visitor numbers we have recorded financial losses and have had to let some staff go.\n\nQuestion: do we have to file a return if we made a loss ?\n\nDocument - Company Tax Returns:\n## Overview\n\nYour company or association must file a Company Tax Return if you get a \u2018notice to deliver a Company Tax Return\u2019 from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou must still send a return if you make a loss or have no Corporation Tax to pay.\n\nYou do not send a Company Tax Return if you\u2019re self-employed as a sole trader or in a partnership - but you must send a Self Assessment return.\n\n## What it involves\n\nWhen you file your tax return, you work out your:\n\n- profit or loss for Corporation Tax (this is different from the profit or loss shown in your annual accounts)\n\n- Corporation Tax bill\n\nYou can either get an accountant to prepare and file your tax return or do it yourself.\n\nIf you have a limited company, you may be able to file your accounts with Companies House at the same time as your tax return.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nThe deadline for your tax return is 12 months after the end of the accounting period it covers. You\u2019ll have to pay a penalty if you miss the deadline.\n\nThere\u2019s a separate deadline to pay your Corporation Tax bill. It\u2019s usually 9 months and one day after the end of the accounting period.\n\n## Penalties for late filing\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay penalties if you do not file your Company Tax Return by the deadline.\n\n| Time after your deadline | Penalty |\n\n| 1 day | \u00a3100 |\n\n| 3 months | Another \u00a3100 |\n\n| 6 months | HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will estimate your Corporation Tax bill and add a penalty of 10% the unpaid tax |\n\n| 12 months | Another 10% of any unpaid tax |\n\nIf your tax return is late 3 times in a row, the \u00a3100 penalties are increased to \u00a3500 each.\n\n## If your tax return is more than 6 months late\n\nIf your tax return is 6 months late, HMRC will write telling you how much Corporation Tax they think you must pay. This is called a \u2018tax determination\u2019. You cannot appeal against it.\n\nYou must pay the Corporation Tax due and file your tax return. HMRC will recalculate the interest and penalties you need to pay.\n\n## Appeals\n\nIf you have a reasonable excuse, you can appeal against a late filing penalty by writing to your company\u2019s Corporation Tax office.\n\nCheck recent tax forms or letters from HMRC for your Corporation Tax office address or call the Corporation Tax helpline.\n\n## Making changes\n\nYou must usually make any changes (\u2018amendments\u2019) within 12 months of the filing deadline.\n\nYou can:\n\n- log in to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online services to amend your Company Tax Return\n\n- use commercial software\n\n- send a paper return or write to your company\u2019s Corporation Tax office\n\nCheck recent tax forms or letters from HMRC for the Corporation Tax office address or call the helpline.\n\nHMRC may charge you a penalty for errors.\n\nHMRC can make a compliance check to check for errors in your Company Tax Return.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/company-tax-returns", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "we are a hospitality company. over the past year because of reduced visitor numbers we have recorded financial losses and have had to let some staff go.", + "original_question": "do we have to file a return if we made a loss ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1185", + "question": "Scenario: My brother and I own a big family house and we would like to sell it so that we can share the money amongst ourselves. We inherited it through a will and it was our main home.\n\nQuestion: If we sell it can we qualify for a private residential relief?\n\nDocument - Capital Gains Tax for business:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) all or part of a business asset.\n\nBusiness assets you may need to pay tax on include:\n\n- land and buildings\n\n- fixtures and fittings\n\n- plant and machinery, for example a digger\n\n- shares\n\n- registered trademarks\n\n- your business\u2019s reputation\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax if you\u2019re a self-employed sole trader or in a business partnership. Other organisations like limited companies pay Corporation Tax on profits from selling their assets.\n\n## When you do not pay it\n\nYou do not usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your business asset and what you sold it for.\n\nUse the market value instead if:\n\n- you gave it away (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited the asset (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\nIf the asset was given to you and you claimed Gift Hold-Over Relief, use the amount it was originally bought for to work out your gain. If you paid less than it was worth, use the amount you paid for it.\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct certain costs of buying, selling or improving your asset from your gain.\n\nCosts you can deduct include:\n\n- fees, for example for valuing or advertising assets\n\n- costs to improve assets (but not normal repairs)\n\n- Stamp Duty Land Tax and VAT (unless you can reclaim the VAT)\n\nYou cannot deduct certain costs. These include:\n\n- interest on a loan to buy your asset\n\n- costs you can claim as business expenses\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re not sure whether you can deduct a certain cost.\n\n## Apply reliefs\n\nYou may be able to reduce or delay paying tax on your gains if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nWhen you know your gain you need to work out if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re in a business partnership:\n\n- work out your share of each gain or loss\n\n- the nominated partner must fill in form SA803\n\nYou can get help with working out your tax, for example from an accountant.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nYou may be able to reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you have to pay if you\u2019re eligible for tax relief.\n\n| Relief | Description | Eligibility |\n\n| Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief | Pay 10% Capital Gains Tax on qualifying profits if you sell all or part of your business (instead of the normal rates) | For sole traders, business partners or those with shares in a \u2018personal company\u2019 |\n\n| Business Asset Rollover Relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax when you sell or dispose of some types of asset if you replace them | Buy the new asset within 3 years of disposing of the old one. Use the old and new assets in your business |\n\n| Incorporation Relief | Delay paying Capital Gains Tax when you transfer your business to a company | Transfer all your business and its assets (except cash) in return for shares in the company |\n\n| Gift Hold-Over Relief | Pay no Capital Gains Tax if you give away a business asset - the person you gave it to pays tax when they sell it | You used the business asset for trading as a sole trader or partner |\n\n## Tax relief when you sell your home\n\nYou normally get Private Residence Relief when you sell or dispose of your main home, meaning you do not pay any Capital Gains Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019ve used any part of your home just for business, you have to pay Capital Gains Tax on that part when you sell your home.\n\n## Disincorporation relief\n\nYou may be able to claim Disincorporation Relief if you become a partnership or sole trader having been a limited company.\n\nIf you acquire the company\u2019s assets when it changes its business structure, you may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell or dispose of them later - you\u2019ll use their value, including any Disincorporation Relief, when you acquired them.\n\nYou can get help from an accountant or tax adviser.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-gains-tax-businesses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother and I own a big family house and we would like to sell it so that we can share the money amongst ourselves. We inherited it through a will and it was our main home.", + "original_question": "If we sell it can we qualify for a private residential relief?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1186", + "question": "Scenario: I am a doctor. One of my patients recently died during an extremely busy shift (we had 5 times the usual number of patients due to COVID). I realized I missed a note about the patient's condition when filling out the death certificate.\n\nQuestion: Can I change the death certificate to fix my mistake?\n\nDocument - Correct a death registration:\n## What corrections can be made\n\nYou cannot change a death certificate once it\u2019s been issued, but you can apply to get a note added to the original entry in the death register.\n\nYou can then get an updated certificate issued that shows this note.\n\nCorrections to a death registration can only be made when the information is wrong (for example a mistake in spelling a person\u2019s name).\n\n## What the correction looks like\n\nThe original information will always be shown in the death register. After the correction has been authorised, a note will be added to the margin of the register. This will explain what the correct information is and when the correction was made.\n\nIf you apply for a new death certificate, the note containing the correct information will be in the margin.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nAnyone can apply to correct a death entry.\n\nHowever, the General Register Office (GRO) will usually need a letter from the person who gave information for the death to be registered before considering a correction.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIt costs \u00a375 or \u00a390 to apply to correct a mistake in a death registration.\n\nContact the register office where the death was registered to find out how to send your application, the cost, and how to pay.\n\nFill in the application form to correct details on a death registration and send it to the register office.\n\n## Proving the registration is wrong\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that the information given at the time of the registration was wrong. You must send in documents with your application that show what the correct information should have been. These documents should be valid or dated around the time of the death.\n\nDocuments you can send in include a:\n\n- passport\n\n- photocard driving licence\n\n- bank, building society or credit card statement\n\n- letter from a hospital or doctor\n\n- letter from a government department\n\n- utility bill\n\nIf you cannot send in proof, corrections cannot usually be made.\n\nAll certified copies sent with the application will be destroyed if you do not ask for them to be returned.\n\n## Sending in certified documents\n\nYou should only send in documents that have been certified as true copies of the original.\n\n## Witnessing the correction\n\nIf the correction is being made at your register office, you need to arrange an appointment with them. When you go in you\u2019ll witness the correction and sign the note made in the death register.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to the GRO to make the correction, you can say on the application form if you want to witness the correction.\n\n## Statutory declaration\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to correct a serious mistake (for example in the name of a person), the GRO may ask you to make a \u2018statutory declaration\u2019. GRO will give you more advice about this if it is necessary.\n\nYou may have to pay a fee for a statutory declaration.\n\n## How long applications take\n\nThere is not a set time for how long applications will take. It can take up to 25 days for you to get a reply.\n\n## Advice\n\nIf you want further advice on applying to make a correction, contact the register office or the General Register Office (GRO).", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/correcting-a-death-registration", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a doctor. One of my patients recently died during an extremely busy shift (we had 5 times the usual number of patients due to COVID). I realized I missed a note about the patient's condition when filling out the death certificate.", + "original_question": "Can I change the death certificate to fix my mistake?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1189", + "question": "Scenario: We started a transport company business with my business partner last year and we have witnessed a total turnover of \u00a390,000.\n\nQuestion: Is that amount vatable and can we register for VAT?\n\nDocument - Set up a business partnership:\n## Setting up\n\nIn a partnership, you and your partner (or partners) personally share responsibility for your business. This includes:\n\n- any losses your business makes\n\n- bills for things you buy for your business, like stock or equipment\n\nPartners share the business\u2019s profits, and each partner pays tax on their share.\n\nA partner does not have to be an actual person. For example, a limited company counts as a \u2018legal person\u2019 and can also be a partner.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nWhen you set up a business partnership you need to:\n\n- choose a name\n\n- choose a \u2018nominated partner\u2019\n\n- register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\nThe \u2018nominated partner\u2019 is responsible for managing the partnership\u2019s tax returns and keeping business records.\n\nThere are different rules for limited partnerships and limited liability partnerships (LLPs).\n\n## Naming your partnership\n\nYou can trade under your own names, or you can choose another name for your business. You do not need to register your name.\n\nYou must include all the partners\u2019 names and the business name (if you have one) on official paperwork, for example invoices and letters.\n\n## Business names\n\nBusiness partnership names must not:\n\n- include \u2018limited\u2019, \u2018Ltd\u2019, \u2018limited liability partnership, \u2018LLP\u2019, \u2018public limited company\u2019 or \u2018plc\u2019\n\n- be offensive\n\n- be the same as an existing trade mark\n\nYour name also cannot contain a \u2018sensitive\u2019 word or expression, or suggest a connection with government or local authorities, unless you get permission.\n\nCheck which words you need permission to use, and who from.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to register your name as a trade mark if you want to stop people from trading under your business name.\n\n## Register the partnership\n\nYou must register your partnership for Self Assessment with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you\u2019re the \u2018nominated partner\u2019. This means you\u2019re responsible for sending the partnership tax return.\n\nThe other partners need to register separately.\n\nRegister a partner or partnership\n\nAll partners also need to send their own tax returns as individuals.\n\nYou must register by 5 October in your business\u2019s second tax year, or you could be charged a penalty.\n\n## Other ways to register\n\nYou can also register the partnership using form SA400 if you cannot register online. You can register as a partner using form SA401.\n\n## Registering for VAT\n\nYou must also register for VAT if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000. You can choose to register if it\u2019s below this, for example to reclaim VAT on business supplies.\n\nYou can appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-business-partnership", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We started a transport company business with my business partner last year and we have witnessed a total turnover of \u00a390,000.", + "original_question": "Is that amount vatable and can we register for VAT?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1190", + "question": "Scenario: my sister gave up her son for adoption twenty years ago. i'd like very much to get to know my nephew who is a young man now.\n\nQuestion: can i find out where my nephew was adopted ?\n\nDocument - Adoption records:\n## Accessing your birth records\n\nYou can access your birth records if you don\u2019t have them because you were adopted.\n\nYou need to be 18 or over to do this.\n\nEveryone adopted before 12 November 1975 will need to attend a counselling session with an approved adoption advisor first.\n\n## You know your birth details\n\nYou can order a copy of your original birth certificate from the General Register Office.\n\nFor adoptions outside England or Wales you need to contact the General Register Office where you were adopted.\n\n## You don\u2019t know your birth details\n\nYou need to fill in an application for Birth certificate Information Before Adoption (BIBA) service if you don\u2019t know your birth details. Which application form you fill in depends on if you live:\n\n- in the UK\n\n- outside the UK\n\nPost or email the form to:\n\n## The Adoption Contact Register\n\nYou can add yourself to the Adoption Contact Register at the General Register Office to:\n\n- find a birth relative or an adopted person\n\n- say you don\u2019t want to be contacted\n\nThis is not a tracing service - for a connection to be made between people, you must both be on the Adoption Contact Register.\n\n## Find birth relatives if you were adopted\n\nYou can add yourself to the Adoption Contact Register if you\u2019re 18 or over and your birth or adoption was registered with the General Register Office.\n\nYou need to fill in form CR part 1 to add yourself to the register. Read guidance notes on how to complete the form.\n\nYou need:\n\n- your original birth name\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- the full name(s) of your birth mother (and birth father if known)\n\nThe fee is \u00a315 - instructions on how to pay are on form CR part 1.\n\n## Find someone who was adopted if you\u2019re a birth relative\n\nYou can add yourself to the register to try to find an adopted person by filling in form CR part 2. Read guidance notes on how to complete the form. You\u2019ll only be able to find people who have also added themselves to it.\n\nYou need to be 18 or over.\n\nThe fee is \u00a330 - instructions on how to pay are on form CR part 2.\n\nYou can also use this form if you are an adopted person looking for other adopted siblings.\n\nYou can also apply to make contact with an adopted person through an approved intermediary agency.\n\n## More information\n\nContact the Adoptions Section of the HM Passport Office.\n\n## Intermediary agencies\n\nYou can use an intermediary agency to help you trace a birth relative if you were adopted or you\u2019re related to someone who has been adopted. The fee for the service depends on the agency.\n\nYou can use an intermediary agency if:\n\n- you were adopted before 30 December 2005\n\n- a relative of yours (including a relative by adoption) was adopted before 30 December 2005\n\nWhen an intermediary agency finds a person, you can only contact them if they agree to it. If they don\u2019t agree, the agency won\u2019t tell you their name or whereabouts but might be able to share some information, like:\n\n- their domestic or family circumstances\n\n- their general health and well-being\n\n## If you don\u2019t want to be contacted\n\nAdopted people and birth relatives can use the Adoption Contact Register to say that they don\u2019t want to be contacted.\n\nTell your agency and register a veto if you don\u2019t want to be approached by an intermediary agency. There are 2 types of veto called an \u2018absolute veto\u2019 and a \u2018qualified veto\u2019.\n\n## An \u2018absolute veto\u2019\n\nThis means an intermediary agency can\u2019t approach you under any circumstances (your adoption agency can still pass on information to you, for example about a hereditary medical condition or details of an inheritance).\n\n## A \u2018qualified veto\u2019\n\nThis means you can say when you would be prepared to be contacted, for example you could say that an approach on behalf of your birth parent wouldn\u2019t be acceptable, but an approach by a sibling would.\n\n## More help and information\n\nFor further information on intermediary services you can contact:\n\n- General Register Office\n\n- the adoption team at your local council\n\n- a voluntary adoption agency\n\n- an adoption support agency", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-records", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "my sister gave up her son for adoption twenty years ago. i'd like very much to get to know my nephew who is a young man now.", + "original_question": "can i find out where my nephew was adopted ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1191", + "question": "Scenario: i come from a very happy and secure home. i know that i am adopted but i'm very satisfied with my adopted family.\n\nQuestion: can i refuse to be contacted by my birth parents ?\n\nDocument - Adoption records:\n## Accessing your birth records\n\nYou can access your birth records if you don\u2019t have them because you were adopted.\n\nYou need to be 18 or over to do this.\n\nEveryone adopted before 12 November 1975 will need to attend a counselling session with an approved adoption advisor first.\n\n## You know your birth details\n\nYou can order a copy of your original birth certificate from the General Register Office.\n\nFor adoptions outside England or Wales you need to contact the General Register Office where you were adopted.\n\n## You don\u2019t know your birth details\n\nYou need to fill in an application for Birth certificate Information Before Adoption (BIBA) service if you don\u2019t know your birth details. Which application form you fill in depends on if you live:\n\n- in the UK\n\n- outside the UK\n\nPost or email the form to:\n\n## The Adoption Contact Register\n\nYou can add yourself to the Adoption Contact Register at the General Register Office to:\n\n- find a birth relative or an adopted person\n\n- say you don\u2019t want to be contacted\n\nThis is not a tracing service - for a connection to be made between people, you must both be on the Adoption Contact Register.\n\n## Find birth relatives if you were adopted\n\nYou can add yourself to the Adoption Contact Register if you\u2019re 18 or over and your birth or adoption was registered with the General Register Office.\n\nYou need to fill in form CR part 1 to add yourself to the register. Read guidance notes on how to complete the form.\n\nYou need:\n\n- your original birth name\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- the full name(s) of your birth mother (and birth father if known)\n\nThe fee is \u00a315 - instructions on how to pay are on form CR part 1.\n\n## Find someone who was adopted if you\u2019re a birth relative\n\nYou can add yourself to the register to try to find an adopted person by filling in form CR part 2. Read guidance notes on how to complete the form. You\u2019ll only be able to find people who have also added themselves to it.\n\nYou need to be 18 or over.\n\nThe fee is \u00a330 - instructions on how to pay are on form CR part 2.\n\nYou can also use this form if you are an adopted person looking for other adopted siblings.\n\nYou can also apply to make contact with an adopted person through an approved intermediary agency.\n\n## More information\n\nContact the Adoptions Section of the HM Passport Office.\n\n## Intermediary agencies\n\nYou can use an intermediary agency to help you trace a birth relative if you were adopted or you\u2019re related to someone who has been adopted. The fee for the service depends on the agency.\n\nYou can use an intermediary agency if:\n\n- you were adopted before 30 December 2005\n\n- a relative of yours (including a relative by adoption) was adopted before 30 December 2005\n\nWhen an intermediary agency finds a person, you can only contact them if they agree to it. If they don\u2019t agree, the agency won\u2019t tell you their name or whereabouts but might be able to share some information, like:\n\n- their domestic or family circumstances\n\n- their general health and well-being\n\n## If you don\u2019t want to be contacted\n\nAdopted people and birth relatives can use the Adoption Contact Register to say that they don\u2019t want to be contacted.\n\nTell your agency and register a veto if you don\u2019t want to be approached by an intermediary agency. There are 2 types of veto called an \u2018absolute veto\u2019 and a \u2018qualified veto\u2019.\n\n## An \u2018absolute veto\u2019\n\nThis means an intermediary agency can\u2019t approach you under any circumstances (your adoption agency can still pass on information to you, for example about a hereditary medical condition or details of an inheritance).\n\n## A \u2018qualified veto\u2019\n\nThis means you can say when you would be prepared to be contacted, for example you could say that an approach on behalf of your birth parent wouldn\u2019t be acceptable, but an approach by a sibling would.\n\n## More help and information\n\nFor further information on intermediary services you can contact:\n\n- General Register Office\n\n- the adoption team at your local council\n\n- a voluntary adoption agency\n\n- an adoption support agency", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adoption-records", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "i come from a very happy and secure home. i know that i am adopted but i'm very satisfied with my adopted family.", + "original_question": "can i refuse to be contacted by my birth parents ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1192", + "question": "Scenario: I'm Eric living in England. My wife has recently given birth to a baby boy. I don't understand my rights and this is all new to me.\n\nQuestion: Do I qualify for parental responsibility?\n\nDocument - Parental rights and responsibilities:\n## What is parental responsibility?\n\nAll mothers and most fathers have legal rights and responsibilities as a parent - known as \u2018parental responsibility\u2019.\n\nIf you have parental responsibility, your most important roles are to:\n\n- provide a home for the child\n\n- protect and maintain the child\n\nYou\u2019re also responsible for:\n\n- disciplining the child\n\n- choosing and providing for the child\u2019s education\n\n- agreeing to the child\u2019s medical treatment\n\n- naming the child and agreeing to any change of name\n\n- looking after the child\u2019s property\n\nParents have to ensure that their child is supported financially, whether they have parental responsibility or not.\n\n## Parental responsibility for separated parents\n\nIf you have parental responsibility for a child but you do not live with them, it does not mean you have a right to spend time with your children. However, the other parent must include you when making important decisions about their lives.\n\nYou do not always need to get the consent of the other parent for routine decisions, even if they also have parental responsibility.\n\nIf it\u2019s a major decision (for example, one of you wants to move abroad with your children) both parents with responsibility must agree in writing.\n\nYou can apply for a Specific Issue Order or Prohibited Steps Order if you cannot agree. A judge will then make a decision which is in your children\u2019s best interests.\n\nYou must make sure your children are financially supported, whether you have parental responsibility or not.\n\nYou can get help to arrange contact with your children.\n\n## Who has parental responsibility\n\nA mother automatically has parental responsibility for her child from birth.\n\nA father usually has parental responsibility if he\u2019s either:\n\n- married to the child\u2019s mother\n\n- listed on the birth certificate (after a certain date, depending on which part of the UK the child was born in)\n\nYou can apply for parental responsibility if you do not automatically have it.\n\n## Births registered in England and Wales\n\nIf the parents of a child are married when the child is born, or if they\u2019ve jointly adopted a child, both have parental responsibility.\n\nThey both keep parental responsibility if they later divorce.\n\n## Unmarried parents\n\nAn unmarried father can get parental responsibility for his child in 1 of 3 ways:\n\n- jointly registering the birth of the child with the mother (from 1 December 2003)\n\n- getting a parental responsibility agreement with the mother\n\n- getting a parental responsibility order from a court\n\n## Births registered in Scotland\n\nA father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s married to the mother when the child is conceived, or marries her at any point afterwards.\n\nAn unmarried father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s named on the child\u2019s birth certificate (from 4 May 2006).\n\n## Births registered in Northern Ireland\n\nA father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s married to the mother at the time of the child\u2019s birth.\n\nIf a father marries the mother after the child\u2019s birth, he has parental responsibility if he lives in Northern Ireland at the time of the marriage.\n\nAn unmarried father has parental responsibility if he\u2019s named, or becomes named, on the child\u2019s birth certificate (from 15 April 2002).\n\n## Births registered outside the UK\n\nIf a child is born overseas and comes to live in the UK, parental responsibility depends on the UK country they\u2019re now living in.\n\n## Same-sex parents\n\n## Civil partners\n\nSame-sex partners will both have parental responsibility if they were civil partners at the time of the treatment, eg donor insemination or fertility treatment.\n\n## Non-civil partners\n\nFor same-sex partners who are not civil partners, the 2nd parent can get parental responsibility by either:\n\n- applying for parental responsibility if a parental agreement was made\n\n- becoming a civil partner of the other parent and making a parental responsibility agreement or jointly registering the birth\n\n## Apply for parental responsibility\n\nIf you\u2019re not the mother, you can apply to court to get parental responsibility.\n\nYou need to be connected to the child, for example as their father, step-parent or 2nd female parent.\n\nMore than 2 people can have parental responsibility for the same child.\n\nScotland has its own set of rules, covered under \u2018ordinary cause procedures\u2019.\n\n## Sign a parental responsibility agreement\n\nIf you\u2019re a father who wants parental responsibility and the mother agrees, fill in a parental responsibility agreement.\n\nThere\u2019s a different agreement form for step parents.\n\nTake the agreement to your local family court where it can be signed and witnessed.\n\nAlso take the child\u2019s birth certificate and proof of your identity, like a passport or driving licence.\n\nSend 2 copies of the form to the address below:\n\n## Apply for a court order\n\nIf you want parental responsibility but cannot agree on arrangements with the mother, you can apply for a court order.\n\nA court order costs \u00a3215.\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\nTo apply, fill in the application for an order (C1).\n\nSend this to your local family court.\n\nIf you and your partner use a surrogate to have a child, you\u2019ll need to apply for a parental order.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parental-rights-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I'm Eric living in England. My wife has recently given birth to a baby boy. I don't understand my rights and this is all new to me.", + "original_question": "Do I qualify for parental responsibility?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1194", + "question": "Scenario: i was in an abusive relationship that ended bitterly. i did not wish to interact with my partner any longer and applied for child maintenance from the state which was denied.\n\nQuestion: can i challenge the decision of my application for child maintenance ?\n\nDocument - Challenge a benefit decision (mandatory reconsideration):\n## Eligibility\n\nIf you disagree with a decision about benefits, tax credits or child maintenance you can ask for the decision to be looked at again - this is called \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou can do this if any of the following apply:\n\n- you think the office dealing with your claim has made an error or missed important evidence\n\n- you disagree with the reasons for the decision\n\n- you want to have the decision looked at again\n\nSome decisions cannot be reconsidered. Others can go straight to an appeal. Your original decision letter will say if this applies to you.\n\nYou need to ask for mandatory reconsideration within one month of the date of the decision.\n\n## Benefits this applies to\n\nYou can ask for mandatory reconsideration for benefits including:\n\n- Attendance Allowance\n\n- Bereavement Allowance\n\n- Carer\u2019s Allowance\n\n- Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- child maintenance (sometimes known as \u2018child support\u2019)\n\n- Compensation Recovery Scheme (including NHS recovery claims)\n\n- Diffuse Mesotheliomia Payment Scheme\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n- Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)\n\n- Funeral Expenses Payment\n\n- Income Support\n\n- Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (JSA)\n\n- Maternity Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Personal Independence Payment (PIP)\n\n- Sure Start Maternity Grant\n\n- Universal Credit (including advance payments)\n\n- Winter Fuel Payment\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for Child Benefit, Tax-Free Childcare and 30 hours free childcare, Guardian\u2019s Allowance, tax credits, Housing Benefit and Vaccine Damage Payment.\n\n## How to ask for mandatory reconsideration\n\nContact the benefits office that gave you the decision. You can contact them:\n\n- by phone\n\n- by letter\n\n- by filling in and returning a form\n\nThe contact details are on your decision letter.\n\nYou need to ask for mandatory reconsideration within one month of the date on your decision letter. If you\u2019re writing, the letter or form must arrive by then.\n\nIf you do not have your decision letter, contact the office where you applied for the benefit.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for Child Benefit, Tax-Free Childcare and 30 hours free childcare, Guardian\u2019s Allowance, tax credits, Housing Benefit and Vaccine Damage Payment.\n\n## If you get Universal Credit\n\nIf you get Universal Credit you can use your journal to ask for mandatory reconsideration.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to use your journal, you can ask for mandatory reconsideration in any of the following ways:\n\n- writing to the address on your decision letter\n\n- filling in and returning a form\n\n- calling the Universal Credit helpline\n\n## Before you ask for mandatory reconsideration\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure whether to ask for mandatory reconsideration or what evidence to give, call the benefits office dealing with your claim. They\u2019ll be able to explain the reason for your benefit decision and answer any questions.\n\nYou can still ask for mandatory reconsideration after you\u2019ve spoken to your benefits office.\n\n## If you want an explanation in writing\n\nYou can ask for a written explanation from the benefits office dealing with your claim - known as a \u2018written statement of reasons\u2019.\n\nYou do not need to do this for Personal Independence Payment - your decision letter will include a written statement.\n\nYou can still ask for mandatory reconsideration, but must do this within 14 days of the date on your written statement of reasons.\n\n## Applying after one month\n\nYou can ask for mandatory reconsideration after this but it must be for a good reason, for example if you\u2019ve been in hospital or had a bereavement. You must explain why your request is late.\n\nCall the phone number on your decision letter first.\n\n## What you need to provide\n\nYou need to give:\n\n- the date of the original benefit decision\n\n- your name and address\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\nExplain what part of the decision is wrong and why.\n\n## If you want to send evidence\n\nThis needs to shows why the decision was wrong. It could, for example, be:\n\n- new medical evidence\n\n- reports or care plans from specialists, therapists or nurses\n\n- bank statements or payslips\n\nOnly include evidence you have not already sent.\n\nWrite your full name, date of birth and National Insurance number at the top of each bit of evidence and send it to the benefit office where you applied for your benefit.\n\nYou cannot claim back the cost of any evidence you pay for.\n\nIt will not help your claim to include:\n\n- general information about your condition - for example factsheets, medical certificates or sick notes\n\n- appointment cards or letters about medical appointments, unless you could not claim your benefit because you were at the appointment\n\n- letters about tests that you\u2019re due to have\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure what evidence to send, read the guidance for the request form. You can also call the number on your decision letter.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe benefits office that gave you the original benefit decision will reconsider it - you\u2019ll get a \u2018mandatory reconsideration notice\u2019 telling you whether they\u2019ve changed the decision. It\u2019ll explain the reasons for that decision and the evidence it was based on.\n\nYour benefit may increase, decrease, stop or stay the same following mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## If you disagree with the outcome\n\nYou can appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal if you think the decision in the mandatory reconsideration notice is wrong. The tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nYou usually need to do this within one month of the date of your mandatory reconsideration notice.\n\nYou cannot appeal to the Social Security and Child Support Tribunal until you get your mandatory reconsideration notice.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mandatory-reconsideration", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "i was in an abusive relationship that ended bitterly. i did not wish to interact with my partner any longer and applied for child maintenance from the state which was denied.", + "original_question": "can i challenge the decision of my application for child maintenance ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1197", + "question": "Scenario: We are a vehicle spare parts dealer company and supplied spare parts to one of our clients. He runs a car dealership business in the U.K. He failed to pay his debt of \u00a350,000 . We have applied for a winding up petition to the courts and it has been granted.\n\nQuestion: Can the court recover our debts?\n\nDocument - Wind up a company that owes you money:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the court to close or \u2018wind up\u2019 a company if it cannot pay its debts. This is also known as compulsory liquidation.\n\nTo wind up a company you must:\n\n- be owed \u00a3750 or more\n\n- be able to prove that the company cannot pay you\n\nYou need to fill in forms and send them to the right court to apply to wind up a company.\n\nYour application to the court is known as a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019. If you\u2019re successful:\n\n- the company assets are sold\n\n- any legal disputes are settled\n\n- the company collects money it\u2019s owed\n\n- funds are paid to you and any other creditors\n\nYou might not get all or any of the money you\u2019re owed.\n\nThere are also other ways to recover money that you\u2019re owed. You can get a debt specialist (like a solicitor) to help you recover debt.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe fees are:\n\n- \u00a3280 - court fees\n\n- \u00a31,600 - petition deposit (to manage the \u2018winding-up\u2019)\n\nYou might be able to get the fees back if the company can afford to repay them.\n\n## Scottish companies\n\nThere are different rules on winding up a company in Scotland.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must send the right form to the court before they can deal with your petition. You might want to get legal help to make sure you submit your petition correctly.\n\n## Forms\n\nFill in form Comp 1 and make 3 copies.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- make sure the company\u2019s details are correct\n\n- state if any European Community regulations apply (this applies if the company is registered in or does business in England and Wales)\n\n- ask the court to restore the company (if it\u2019s been dissolved) before winding up the company\n\nYou need to provide evidence the company owes you money, for example:\n\n- a statutory demand - include the amount and date the demand was served\n\n- a court judgment - include the amount awarded (and your costs and interest), the date of the judgment, the court name and case number\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to fill in form Comp 2 confirming the details of your petition.\n\n## Where to send the petition\n\nWhere you send the petition depends on how much \u2018paid-up share capital\u2019 the company has - you can find this on the Companies House register.\n\n## Paid-up share capital is \u00a3120,000 or more\n\nSubmit the petition online. It\u2019ll go to the High Court.\n\nYou pay the court fees online, but not the petition deposit. You\u2019ll get an email after you apply, telling you how to pay the deposit.\n\n## Paid-up share capital is under \u00a3120,000\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find the court nearest to the company\u2019s registered office - the court must deal with bankruptcy.\n\nSubmit the petition online if it\u2019s one of these courts:\n\n- Admiralty and Commercial Court\n\n- Chancery Division\n\n- Companies Court\n\n- High Court (including Bankruptcy Court)\n\n- London Mercantile Court\n\n- Rolls Building\n\nYou pay the court fees online, but not the petition deposit. You\u2019ll get an email after you apply, telling you how to pay the deposit.\n\nIf it was another court you\u2019ll need to submit the petition by post. You can pay the fees by cash, postal order or a building society, bank or solicitor\u2019s cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll get a copy of your petition from the court after you pay the petition deposit. You must:\n\n- deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) it to a company director or employee\n\n- provide a certificate of service to the court confirming that the petition has been served on the company\n\nYou can get a \u2018process server\u2019 to help you - your solicitor can arrange this.\n\nYou can serve the petition by attaching it to the company\u2019s front door or leaving it at the office if you cannot serve it in person.\n\nThe day after you serve the petition, send a copy to the relevant liquidator, administrative receiver, administrator or supervisor if the company is involved in:\n\n- voluntary liquidation\n\n- administrative receivership\n\n- an administration order\n\n- a voluntary arrangement\n\n## The court hearing\n\nIf the court accepts your petition, they\u2019ll arrange a date for a hearing.\n\n## Announce the hearing\n\nWhen you\u2019re given a date for the hearing, you must formally announce when and where it will take place.\n\n- At least 7 working days before the hearing, place an advert in The Gazette to say the petition has been served.\n\n- Send a copy of the advert and form Comp 3 to the court at least 5 working days before the hearing.\n\n- Give a list of everyone who will be attending to the court by 4:30pm on the day before the hearing.\n\nThe advert must state:\n\n- that you\u2019ve presented a petition to wind up the company\n\n- your name and address\n\n- your solicitor\u2019s name and address (if you have one)\n\n- the date you presented the petition\n\n- the court where the hearing will take place\n\n- that anyone wanting to come to the hearing must give notice\n\n## After the hearing\n\nIf the petition is successful, the court will issue a winding-up order.\n\nThe court will put an official receiver in charge of the liquidation. They\u2019ll start the process of turning the company\u2019s assets into money that can be used to pay the company\u2019s debts.\n\nOther creditors can register to claim the money they\u2019re owed.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/wind-up-a-company-that-owes-you-money", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are a vehicle spare parts dealer company and supplied spare parts to one of our clients. He runs a car dealership business in the U.K. He failed to pay his debt of \u00a350,000 . We have applied for a winding up petition to the courts and it has been granted.", + "original_question": "Can the court recover our debts?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1200", + "question": "Scenario: I am due in court in two months on motoring offence charges. I intend to represent myself as I think that the case is fairly straightforward and I do not want to waste money on legal representation.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to hire a representative at the court?\n\nDocument - Represent yourself in court:\n## Overview\n\nYou have the right to speak for yourself in court without a solicitor or other legal professional.\n\nYou may choose to do this because:\n\n- you think it\u2019s better to talk directly to the judge, jury or magistrates yourself\n\n- you cannot afford to pay legal fees\n\nIf you\u2019re considering representing yourself because you cannot afford legal costs, check if you can get legal aid instead.\n\nYou\u2019ll be known as a \u2018litigant in person\u2019 if you represent yourself. You\u2019ll also be known as an \u2018applicant\u2019, \u2018respondent\u2019 or \u2018defendant\u2019 depending on whether your case is heard in a family, civil or criminal court.\n\nRead Advicenow\u2019s guides to going to court for advice on how to conduct your case.\n\nThere are different courts and rules in Scotland.\n\n## Someone with you in court\n\nYou may be allowed to have someone to help you in court by taking notes and giving advice, but they cannot:\n\n- speak for you\n\n- interfere with proceedings\n\n- sign documents on your behalf\n\nThis person is known as a \u2018McKenzie friend\u2019.\n\nThe judge will decide whether you can have a McKenzie friend with you in court.\n\nRead guidance on what a McKenzie friend can and cannot do.\n\n## Get legal advice\n\nYou can still get legal advice to help you with your case, even if you choose to represent yourself in court.\n\nFind a solicitor.\n\nRead advice on what you should consider before going to court for a debt, dispute or personal injury claim.\n\n## Divorce and separation involving children\n\nYou\u2019ll be referred to as the \u2018applicant\u2019 if you brought the case, for example you filed the divorce papers.\n\nYou\u2019ll be known as the \u2018respondent\u2019 if you\u2019ve received divorce papers or a request for a separation, or a contact order or residence order for a child.\n\n## Before you go to court\n\nYou must normally go to mediation before you go to court.\n\nThe court will not hear your case until you send them a C100 form.\n\nRead guidance about whether you should take your case to court.\n\nRead the \u2018Guide for Separated Parents: Children and the Family Courts\u2019.\n\nFind out more about:\n\n- how to apply for a court order\n\n- the types of court order you can apply for or respond to\n\n- what the court does after you apply for a court order\n\n- getting free and independent help with forms and documents\n\n## Divorce and separation: money and property\n\nYou\u2019ll be referred to as the:\n\n- \u2018applicant\u2019 if you brought the case, for example you filed a divorce petition\n\n- \u2018respondent\u2019 if someone else has brought the case\n\nFind out what you must do before you go to court if you\u2019re divorcing or separating and you\u2019ve a dispute about money or property.\n\nYou must normally consider mediation before you go to court.\n\nThe court will not hear your case until you send them a C100 form.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/represent-yourself-in-court", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am due in court in two months on motoring offence charges. I intend to represent myself as I think that the case is fairly straightforward and I do not want to waste money on legal representation.", + "original_question": "Do I have to hire a representative at the court?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1201", + "question": "Scenario: My wife and I are involved in an acrimonious divorce and it has been recommended that I get legal representation. I cannot afford this, however, especially with the uncertainty of whether I will have to pay maintanance and if so how much.\n\nQuestion: Can I represent myself?\n\nDocument - Represent yourself in court:\n## Overview\n\nYou have the right to speak for yourself in court without a solicitor or other legal professional.\n\nYou may choose to do this because:\n\n- you think it\u2019s better to talk directly to the judge, jury or magistrates yourself\n\n- you cannot afford to pay legal fees\n\nIf you\u2019re considering representing yourself because you cannot afford legal costs, check if you can get legal aid instead.\n\nYou\u2019ll be known as a \u2018litigant in person\u2019 if you represent yourself. You\u2019ll also be known as an \u2018applicant\u2019, \u2018respondent\u2019 or \u2018defendant\u2019 depending on whether your case is heard in a family, civil or criminal court.\n\nRead Advicenow\u2019s guides to going to court for advice on how to conduct your case.\n\nThere are different courts and rules in Scotland.\n\n## Someone with you in court\n\nYou may be allowed to have someone to help you in court by taking notes and giving advice, but they cannot:\n\n- speak for you\n\n- interfere with proceedings\n\n- sign documents on your behalf\n\nThis person is known as a \u2018McKenzie friend\u2019.\n\nThe judge will decide whether you can have a McKenzie friend with you in court.\n\nRead guidance on what a McKenzie friend can and cannot do.\n\n## Get legal advice\n\nYou can still get legal advice to help you with your case, even if you choose to represent yourself in court.\n\nFind a solicitor.\n\nRead advice on what you should consider before going to court for a debt, dispute or personal injury claim.\n\n## Divorce and separation involving children\n\nYou\u2019ll be referred to as the \u2018applicant\u2019 if you brought the case, for example you filed the divorce papers.\n\nYou\u2019ll be known as the \u2018respondent\u2019 if you\u2019ve received divorce papers or a request for a separation, or a contact order or residence order for a child.\n\n## Before you go to court\n\nYou must normally go to mediation before you go to court.\n\nThe court will not hear your case until you send them a C100 form.\n\nRead guidance about whether you should take your case to court.\n\nRead the \u2018Guide for Separated Parents: Children and the Family Courts\u2019.\n\nFind out more about:\n\n- how to apply for a court order\n\n- the types of court order you can apply for or respond to\n\n- what the court does after you apply for a court order\n\n- getting free and independent help with forms and documents\n\n## Divorce and separation: money and property\n\nYou\u2019ll be referred to as the:\n\n- \u2018applicant\u2019 if you brought the case, for example you filed a divorce petition\n\n- \u2018respondent\u2019 if someone else has brought the case\n\nFind out what you must do before you go to court if you\u2019re divorcing or separating and you\u2019ve a dispute about money or property.\n\nYou must normally consider mediation before you go to court.\n\nThe court will not hear your case until you send them a C100 form.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/represent-yourself-in-court", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My wife and I are involved in an acrimonious divorce and it has been recommended that I get legal representation. I cannot afford this, however, especially with the uncertainty of whether I will have to pay maintanance and if so how much.", + "original_question": "Can I represent myself?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1203", + "question": "Scenario: I want to sell the farm machinery I had let to our agricultural business farm for the last 2 years. I have already sold 3% of my partnership shares. I want to opt out of agricultural business.\n\nQuestion: Will i be able to pay less capital tax gain?\n\nDocument - Business Asset Disposal Relief:\n## Eligibility\n\nYou may be able to pay less Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) all or part of your business.\n\nBusiness Asset Disposal Relief means you\u2019ll pay tax at 10% on all gains on qualifying assets.\n\nBusiness Asset Disposal Relief was known as Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief before 6 April 2020.\n\n## If you\u2019re selling all or part of your business\n\nTo qualify for relief, both of the following must apply for at least 2 years up to the date you sell your business:\n\n- you\u2019re a sole trader or business partner\n\n- you\u2019ve owned the business for at least 2 years\n\nThe same conditions apply if you\u2019re closing your business instead. You must also dispose of your business assets within 3 years to qualify for relief.\n\n## If you\u2019re selling shares or securities\n\nTo qualify, both of the following must apply for at least 2 years up to the date you sell your shares:\n\n- you\u2019re an employee or office holder of the company (or one in the same group)\n\n- the company\u2019s main activities are in trading (rather than non-trading activities like investment) - or it\u2019s the holding company of a trading group\n\nThere are also other rules depending on whether or not the shares are from an Enterprise Management Incentive (EMI).\n\n## If the shares are from an EMI\n\nYou must have both:\n\n- bought the shares after 5 April 2013\n\n- been given the option to buy them at least 2 years before selling them\n\n## If the shares are not from an EMI\n\nFor at least 2 years before you sell your shares, the business must be a \u2018personal company\u2019. This means that you have at least 5% of both the:\n\n- shares\n\n- voting rights\n\nYou must also be entitled to at least 5% of either:\n\n- profits that are available for distribution and assets on winding up the company\n\n- disposal proceeds if the company is sold\n\nIf the number of shares you hold falls below 5% because the company has issued more shares, you may still be able to claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\nYou need to choose or \u2018elect\u2019 to be treated as if you had sold and re-bought your shares immediately before the new shares were issued. This will create a gain on which you can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\nYou can also choose or \u2018elect\u2019 to postpone paying tax on that gain until you come to sell your shares.\n\nYou can do this by:\n\n- completing the additional information section of the Capital Gains summary form of your tax return\n\n- writing to HMRC if you do not have to complete a tax return for the year\n\n## If the company stops being a trading company\n\nIf the company stops being a trading company, you can still qualify for relief if you sell your shares within 3 years.\n\n## If you\u2019re selling assets you lent to the business\n\nTo qualify, both of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve sold at least 5% of your part of a business partnership or your shares in a personal company\n\n- you owned the assets but let your business partnership or personal company use them for at least one year up to the date you sold your business or shares - or the date the business closed\n\n## If you\u2019re a trustee\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re a trustee selling assets held in the trust.\n\n## Work out your tax\n\nHow you work out your tax depends on whether all your gains are eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\n## If all your gains qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief\n\n- Work out the gain for all qualifying assets.\n\n- Add together the gains (and deduct qualifying losses) to work out the total taxable gain that\u2019s eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\n- Deduct your tax-free allowance.\n\n- You\u2019ll pay 10% tax on what\u2019s left.\n\n## If you have other gains\n\nHow much tax you pay on your other gains depends on what Income Tax rate you pay.\n\n## Higher rate Income Tax payers\n\nFor gains that do not qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief you\u2019ll pay:\n\n- 28% on gains from residential property\n\n- 20% on gains made from other chargeable assets\n\nYou can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).\n\n## Basic rate Income Tax payers\n\nIf you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer, you need to work out the tax rate you\u2019ll pay on gains that are not eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\n- Work out how much taxable income you have - deduct your Personal Allowance and any other Income Tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to.\n\n- Deduct this amount from the basic rate tax band for the year you made the gains (\u00a337,500 for the 2020 to 2021 tax year). This gives you the amount of basic rate band you can use against your gains.\n\n- Work out your total taxable gain.\n\n- Use your basic rate band first against any gains eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief. You\u2019ll pay 10% tax on these.\n\n- Use any remaining basic rate band against your other gains. You\u2019ll pay 18% on gains made on residential property and 10% on gains from all other chargeable assets.\n\n- For gains above the basic rate band you\u2019ll pay 28% on gains made on residential property and 20% on gains from all other chargeable assets.\n\n- You can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).\n\n## Get help\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help if you need advice.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief either:\n\n- through your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- by filling in Section A of the Business Asset Disposal Relief helpsheet\n\nThere\u2019s no limit to how many times you can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\nYou can claim a total of \u00a31 million in Business Asset Disposal Relief over your lifetime.\n\nYou may be able to claim more if you sold your assets before 11 March 2020. Contact HMRC to find out.\n\n## Deadline\n\n| Tax year when you sold or closed your business | Deadline to claim Business Asset Disposal Relief |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | 31 January 2023 |\n\n| 2019 to 2020 | 31 January 2022 |\n\n| 2018 to 2019 | 31 January 2021 |", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/business-asset-disposal-relief", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to sell the farm machinery I had let to our agricultural business farm for the last 2 years. I have already sold 3% of my partnership shares. I want to opt out of agricultural business.", + "original_question": "Will i be able to pay less capital tax gain?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1204", + "question": "Scenario: i took my motorcycle trainer standards check a few years ago and have been training people on how to ride motorcycles with great success. i was recenttly informed that i have been removed from the motorcycle trainer register.\n\nQuestion: can i be removed from the motorcycle trainer register ?\n\nDocument - Motorcycle trainer standards check:\n## When you have to take the standards check\n\nThe motorcycle trainer standards check assesses your ability to teach pupils on a compulsory basic training (CBT) course.\n\nYou should take at least one standards check during each 4-year period that you\u2019re registered as a motorcycle trainer. You do not have to pay for the check.\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact the training body where you work to arrange a date and time for your standards check.\n\nYou can be removed from the motorcycle trainer register if you keep missing your standards check.\n\nThere are different rules for taking a standards check in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What happens at the standards check\n\nThe check will take place at your motorcycle training body.\n\nA Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) examiner will watch you train a pupil (or a group of pupils) in a normal compulsory basic training (CBT) lesson.\n\nThe lesson must include practical riding (elements C or E of the CBT syllabus). It can also include theoretical training and a pre-ride briefing (elements A, B or D).\n\n## What you need to bring to the check\n\nFor the check you need:\n\n- your motorcycle registration certificate\n\n- a motorcycle that you can ride on roads, for example it must have up to date vehicle tax and an MOT certificate\n\n- at least one pupil\n\nYour mentor and training body authority holder cannot take part in the lesson.\n\n## What you\u2019ll be marked on\n\nThe examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standard for driver and rider training.\n\nThey\u2019ll follow guidance for carrying out the check and mark you on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into 3 categories:\n\n- lesson planning\n\n- risk management\n\n- teaching and learning skills\n\nThe 17 areas of competence are listed in the motorcycle trainer standards check form, which the examiner will fill in during your check.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to give a total score.\n\n## Your standards check result\n\nAfter you give the lesson, the examiner will discuss your performance and give you the result. This will take about 15 minutes.\n\nYou can invite your mentor or the training body authority holder to join you during this discussion.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent your completed standards check form by email.\n\n| Total score | Result | Description |\n\n| 0 to 30 | Fail | Your performance is unsatisfactory |\n\n| 31 to 42 | Pass | Your performance is satisfactory |\n\n| 43 to 51 | Pass | You\u2019ve shown a high standard of instruction |\n\n## Faults which mean you automatically fail\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically fail if:\n\n- you get a score of 7 or less in the \u2018risk management\u2019 category\n\n- the examiner stops the lesson because you\u2019ve put yourself or someone else in danger\n\n- you did not follow the compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus\n\n- you incorrectly assessed a pupil\u2019s road riding, for example you gave them a CBT completion certificate but they should not have passed\n\n## If you fail the standards check\n\nYou have up to 2 more attempts to pass the standards check.\n\nIf you fail 3 times:\n\n- you\u2019ll be removed from the motorcycle trainer register\n\n- you\u2019ll have to retake the motorcycle trainer qualifying tests to join the register again", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-trainer-standards-check", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "i took my motorcycle trainer standards check a few years ago and have been training people on how to ride motorcycles with great success. i was recenttly informed that i have been removed from the motorcycle trainer register.", + "original_question": "can i be removed from the motorcycle trainer register ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1209", + "question": "Scenario: I am eighteen and a recent school leaver. I have been offered a job as a maid in a hotel which comes with a room supplied. The wage offered seems rather low, however, and does not equate to minimum wage by my calculations.\n\nQuestion: Is it legal for me to be paid less than minimum wage just because I have a room with my job?\n\nDocument - National Minimum Wage and Living Wage: accommodation:\n## Accommodation rates\n\nAccommodation provided by an employer can be taken into account when calculating the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nNo other kind of company benefit (such as food, a car, childcare vouchers) counts towards the minimum wage.\n\n## Accommodation offset rates\n\nThe accommodation rates are set in April each year.\n\n| Year | Daily accommodation offset rate | Weekly accommodation offset rate |\n\n| April 2021 (current rate) | \u00a38.36 | \u00a358.52 |\n\n## Previous rates\n\n| Year | Daily accommodation offset rate | Weekly accommodation offset rate |\n\n| 2020 | \u00a38.20 | \u00a357.40 |\n\n| 2019 | \u00a37.55 | \u00a352.85 |\n\n| 2018 | \u00a37 | \u00a349 |\n\n| 2017 | \u00a36.40 | \u00a344.80 |\n\n| 2016 (October) | \u00a36 | \u00a342 |\n\n| 2015 | \u00a35.35 | \u00a337.45 |\n\n| 2014 | \u00a35.08 | \u00a335.56 |\n\nUse the minimum wage calculator to check if it\u2019s been paid.\n\n## Using the offset rate to work out the minimum wage\n\nIf an employer charges more than the offset rate, the difference is taken off the worker\u2019s pay which counts for the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nThis means the higher the accommodation charge, the lower a worker\u2019s pay when calculating the minimum wage.\n\nIf the accommodation charge is at or below the offset rate, it does not have an effect on the worker\u2019s pay.\n\nIf the accommodation is free, the offset rate is added to the worker\u2019s pay.\n\nSee examples of accommodation rates for minimum wage calculations.\n\n## What counts as accommodation charges\n\nInclude these costs as part of your overall accommodation charges:\n\n- rent\n\n- charges for things like gas, electricity, furniture\n\n- laundry\n\n## Working out if the employer provides the accommodation\n\nThe employer is providing accommodation if any of these apply:\n\n- the accommodation comes with the job\n\n- the employer (or a connected person or company) owns or rents the property the worker lives in, even if there\u2019s no direct link between the job and the accommodation\n\n- the employer (or an owner, business partner, shareholder or director) gets a payment or benefit from the worker\u2019s landlord or a member of the landlord\u2019s family\n\nAccommodation costs count towards the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage, even if the worker does not have to use the accommodation to do the job. If the accommodation is optional, it only counts as a cost if the worker uses it.\n\n## Local housing authority and social housing providers\n\nIf someone working for a local housing authority or social housing provider gets accommodation from their work, this does not automatically count towards the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nIt only counts if the accommodation is linked to the employment. For example, a care warden who has to live on site has their accommodation linked to their job.\n\n## Higher or further education institutions\n\nAccommodation is not counted when working out the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage if it\u2019s provided by a higher or further education institution to a worker who\u2019s enrolled on a full-time course with the institution.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nCall the Acas helpline if you have any questions about workers\u2019 rights and the minimum wage.\n\n## Effect on the minimum wage\n\nThis effect of accommodation rates on the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage depends on how much an employer charges for accommodation.\n\nIt\u2019s calculated by \u2018pay period\u2019, the intervals at which someone is being paid. This can be weekly, monthly or in irregular intervals like every 10 days.\n\nIf the accommodation is free, it still affects the minimum wage. There is an offset rate of \u00a38.36 per day for this.\n\nIt does not matter if the cost of the accommodation is taken from the worker\u2019s wages beforehand or if the worker pays the cost after they get their wages.\n\n## Examples", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-accommodation", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am eighteen and a recent school leaver. I have been offered a job as a maid in a hotel which comes with a room supplied. The wage offered seems rather low, however, and does not equate to minimum wage by my calculations.", + "original_question": "Is it legal for me to be paid less than minimum wage just because I have a room with my job?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1210", + "question": "Scenario: I have recently een a job advertised at Buckingham Palace, which comes with an apartment for up to four people with the job. I am interested in this but am wondering if it is financially beneficial to me as I might lose money from the hourly wage.\n\nQuestion: Could accepting a job with accommodation mean I get paid less?\n\nDocument - National Minimum Wage and Living Wage: accommodation:\n## Accommodation rates\n\nAccommodation provided by an employer can be taken into account when calculating the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nNo other kind of company benefit (such as food, a car, childcare vouchers) counts towards the minimum wage.\n\n## Accommodation offset rates\n\nThe accommodation rates are set in April each year.\n\n| Year | Daily accommodation offset rate | Weekly accommodation offset rate |\n\n| April 2021 (current rate) | \u00a38.36 | \u00a358.52 |\n\n## Previous rates\n\n| Year | Daily accommodation offset rate | Weekly accommodation offset rate |\n\n| 2020 | \u00a38.20 | \u00a357.40 |\n\n| 2019 | \u00a37.55 | \u00a352.85 |\n\n| 2018 | \u00a37 | \u00a349 |\n\n| 2017 | \u00a36.40 | \u00a344.80 |\n\n| 2016 (October) | \u00a36 | \u00a342 |\n\n| 2015 | \u00a35.35 | \u00a337.45 |\n\n| 2014 | \u00a35.08 | \u00a335.56 |\n\nUse the minimum wage calculator to check if it\u2019s been paid.\n\n## Using the offset rate to work out the minimum wage\n\nIf an employer charges more than the offset rate, the difference is taken off the worker\u2019s pay which counts for the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nThis means the higher the accommodation charge, the lower a worker\u2019s pay when calculating the minimum wage.\n\nIf the accommodation charge is at or below the offset rate, it does not have an effect on the worker\u2019s pay.\n\nIf the accommodation is free, the offset rate is added to the worker\u2019s pay.\n\nSee examples of accommodation rates for minimum wage calculations.\n\n## What counts as accommodation charges\n\nInclude these costs as part of your overall accommodation charges:\n\n- rent\n\n- charges for things like gas, electricity, furniture\n\n- laundry\n\n## Working out if the employer provides the accommodation\n\nThe employer is providing accommodation if any of these apply:\n\n- the accommodation comes with the job\n\n- the employer (or a connected person or company) owns or rents the property the worker lives in, even if there\u2019s no direct link between the job and the accommodation\n\n- the employer (or an owner, business partner, shareholder or director) gets a payment or benefit from the worker\u2019s landlord or a member of the landlord\u2019s family\n\nAccommodation costs count towards the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage, even if the worker does not have to use the accommodation to do the job. If the accommodation is optional, it only counts as a cost if the worker uses it.\n\n## Local housing authority and social housing providers\n\nIf someone working for a local housing authority or social housing provider gets accommodation from their work, this does not automatically count towards the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nIt only counts if the accommodation is linked to the employment. For example, a care warden who has to live on site has their accommodation linked to their job.\n\n## Higher or further education institutions\n\nAccommodation is not counted when working out the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage if it\u2019s provided by a higher or further education institution to a worker who\u2019s enrolled on a full-time course with the institution.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nCall the Acas helpline if you have any questions about workers\u2019 rights and the minimum wage.\n\n## Effect on the minimum wage\n\nThis effect of accommodation rates on the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage depends on how much an employer charges for accommodation.\n\nIt\u2019s calculated by \u2018pay period\u2019, the intervals at which someone is being paid. This can be weekly, monthly or in irregular intervals like every 10 days.\n\nIf the accommodation is free, it still affects the minimum wage. There is an offset rate of \u00a38.36 per day for this.\n\nIt does not matter if the cost of the accommodation is taken from the worker\u2019s wages beforehand or if the worker pays the cost after they get their wages.\n\n## Examples", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-accommodation", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have recently een a job advertised at Buckingham Palace, which comes with an apartment for up to four people with the job. I am interested in this but am wondering if it is financially beneficial to me as I might lose money from the hourly wage.", + "original_question": "Could accepting a job with accommodation mean I get paid less?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1212", + "question": "Scenario: we have an orchard and the fruits are now in season. since they spoil easily we sometimes employ teenagers to sometimes work nights to pick the fruits.\n\nQuestion: are teenagers allowed to work night shifts ?\n\nDocument - Night working hours:\n## Hours and limits\n\nStaff who regularly work at least 3 hours during the \u2018night period\u2019 are night workers.\n\nThe night period is 11pm to 6am, unless the worker and employer agree a different night period.\n\nIf they do, it must be 7 hours long and include midnight to 5am. It must be agreed in writing.\n\nStaff may also be night workers if there\u2019s a collective agreement (for example, trade union agreement) that states their work is night work.\n\n## National Minimum Wage\n\nThe National Minimum Wage applies to night workers but there is not a higher night working rate.\n\n## Sleep-in shifts\n\nThe number of hours that workers get paid the National Minimum Wage depends on whether they\u2019re expected to sleep or work for most of their shift.\n\nWorkers who are expected to sleep for most of a sleep-in shift (for example, a care worker), and are provided with suitable sleeping facilities, will only get the National Minimum Wage for the periods when they\u2019re awake to perform tasks.\n\nWorkers who are expected to work for most of a shift will get the National Minimum Wage for their whole shift, even if they\u2019re allowed to sleep between tasks.\n\n## Limits on working hours for night workers\n\nAdditional rules apply to night workers on top of the rules on maximum weekly working hours and rest breaks.\n\nNight workers must not work more than an average of 8 hours in a 24-hour period.\n\nThe average is usually calculated over 17 weeks, but it can be over a longer period of up to 52 weeks if the workers and the employer agree - for example, by collective agreement.\n\nRegular overtime is included in the average, but not occasional overtime.\n\nWorkers cannot opt out of the limit.\n\n## Workers aged 16 or 17\n\nStaff aged 16 or 17 cannot work between midnight and 4am.\n\nThey usually cannot work between 10pm and 6am (this can be changed to not working between 11pm and 7am, by contract) but there are exceptions if they work in:\n\n- agriculture\n\n- cultural, sporting, artistic or advertising activities\n\n- a hospital\n\n- a hotel or catering\n\n- retail\n\n- post or newspaper delivery\n\nIn exceptional circumstances they can work at night if there\u2019s no adult to do the work and they\u2019re needed to either:\n\n- handle a sudden increase in demand\n\n- maintain the continuity of a service or production - for example, filming\n\nThe employer must give the young person a rest period of the same length as the extended shift.\n\nThere are other restrictions on employing young people.\n\n## Special hazards and mental or physical strain\n\nNight workers who deal with special hazards or whose work involves mental or physical strain cannot work longer than 8 hours in any 24-hour period.\n\nA risk assessment must be carried out to identify special hazards and work involving mental or physical strain.\n\nThe hazards and strains may also be set out in collective or workforce agreements.\n\n## What employers must do\n\nEmployers must keep records of night workers\u2019 working hours to show they are not exceeding the limits.\n\nThe records must be kept for at least 2 years.\n\nContact Acas for more information.\n\nYou cannot discriminate against a worker if they do not want to work nights.\n\n## Exceptions to night work limits\n\nThe limits on night working hours do not usually apply:\n\n- in the armed forces and emergency services\n\n- to domestic staff employed in a private house\n\n- when people can choose how long they work - for example, company executives or freelancers\n\nThe limits on night working hours do not apply:\n\n- in jobs that need round-the-clock staffing, like hospital work\n\n- in an industry with busy peak periods, like agriculture, retail, tourism, security and surveillance\n\n- if there\u2019s an emergency or an accident\n\n- if a member of staff has to travel a long distance from home to work or constantly works in different places\n\n- if a collective or workforce agreement excludes or changes the restriction on night work\n\nDifferent rules apply to workers in road, sea and air transport.\n\n## Rest breaks if night work limits do not apply\n\nWorkers must get \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 instead of a normal working week with breaks during the day.\n\nCompensatory rest is a minimum of 90 hours rest per week on average.\n\nEmployers must also follow the general rules on working hours.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure whether these exceptions apply in your situation, contact Acas.\n\n## Health assessments\n\nEmployers must offer workers a free health assessment before they become a night worker. Workers do not have to accept.\n\nThe assessment must be written by a qualified health professional. It can be a questionnaire.\n\nEmployers must take into account that night work might increase a worker\u2019s stress levels.\n\nThe worker must get a follow-up examination by a health professional when an employer is unsure if the worker is fit for night work.\n\nA repeat assessment must be offered regularly.\n\nThe employer must offer suitable other work where possible if a worker has health problems that a doctor says are related to night work.\n\n## Keep records\n\nEmployers must keep confidential records of:\n\n- the health assessments (keep for 2 years)\n\n- dates when assessments were offered (if a worker did not want one)", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/night-working-hours", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "we have an orchard and the fruits are now in season. since they spoil easily we sometimes employ teenagers to sometimes work nights to pick the fruits.", + "original_question": "are teenagers allowed to work night shifts ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1213", + "question": "Scenario: i like my peace and enjoy night hours. i have approached my employer to assign me work in the night shift but before they assigned me the hours they required a health assesment.\n\nQuestion: can an employer require a health assesment for night shift workers ?\n\nDocument - Night working hours:\n## Hours and limits\n\nStaff who regularly work at least 3 hours during the \u2018night period\u2019 are night workers.\n\nThe night period is 11pm to 6am, unless the worker and employer agree a different night period.\n\nIf they do, it must be 7 hours long and include midnight to 5am. It must be agreed in writing.\n\nStaff may also be night workers if there\u2019s a collective agreement (for example, trade union agreement) that states their work is night work.\n\n## National Minimum Wage\n\nThe National Minimum Wage applies to night workers but there is not a higher night working rate.\n\n## Sleep-in shifts\n\nThe number of hours that workers get paid the National Minimum Wage depends on whether they\u2019re expected to sleep or work for most of their shift.\n\nWorkers who are expected to sleep for most of a sleep-in shift (for example, a care worker), and are provided with suitable sleeping facilities, will only get the National Minimum Wage for the periods when they\u2019re awake to perform tasks.\n\nWorkers who are expected to work for most of a shift will get the National Minimum Wage for their whole shift, even if they\u2019re allowed to sleep between tasks.\n\n## Limits on working hours for night workers\n\nAdditional rules apply to night workers on top of the rules on maximum weekly working hours and rest breaks.\n\nNight workers must not work more than an average of 8 hours in a 24-hour period.\n\nThe average is usually calculated over 17 weeks, but it can be over a longer period of up to 52 weeks if the workers and the employer agree - for example, by collective agreement.\n\nRegular overtime is included in the average, but not occasional overtime.\n\nWorkers cannot opt out of the limit.\n\n## Workers aged 16 or 17\n\nStaff aged 16 or 17 cannot work between midnight and 4am.\n\nThey usually cannot work between 10pm and 6am (this can be changed to not working between 11pm and 7am, by contract) but there are exceptions if they work in:\n\n- agriculture\n\n- cultural, sporting, artistic or advertising activities\n\n- a hospital\n\n- a hotel or catering\n\n- retail\n\n- post or newspaper delivery\n\nIn exceptional circumstances they can work at night if there\u2019s no adult to do the work and they\u2019re needed to either:\n\n- handle a sudden increase in demand\n\n- maintain the continuity of a service or production - for example, filming\n\nThe employer must give the young person a rest period of the same length as the extended shift.\n\nThere are other restrictions on employing young people.\n\n## Special hazards and mental or physical strain\n\nNight workers who deal with special hazards or whose work involves mental or physical strain cannot work longer than 8 hours in any 24-hour period.\n\nA risk assessment must be carried out to identify special hazards and work involving mental or physical strain.\n\nThe hazards and strains may also be set out in collective or workforce agreements.\n\n## What employers must do\n\nEmployers must keep records of night workers\u2019 working hours to show they are not exceeding the limits.\n\nThe records must be kept for at least 2 years.\n\nContact Acas for more information.\n\nYou cannot discriminate against a worker if they do not want to work nights.\n\n## Exceptions to night work limits\n\nThe limits on night working hours do not usually apply:\n\n- in the armed forces and emergency services\n\n- to domestic staff employed in a private house\n\n- when people can choose how long they work - for example, company executives or freelancers\n\nThe limits on night working hours do not apply:\n\n- in jobs that need round-the-clock staffing, like hospital work\n\n- in an industry with busy peak periods, like agriculture, retail, tourism, security and surveillance\n\n- if there\u2019s an emergency or an accident\n\n- if a member of staff has to travel a long distance from home to work or constantly works in different places\n\n- if a collective or workforce agreement excludes or changes the restriction on night work\n\nDifferent rules apply to workers in road, sea and air transport.\n\n## Rest breaks if night work limits do not apply\n\nWorkers must get \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 instead of a normal working week with breaks during the day.\n\nCompensatory rest is a minimum of 90 hours rest per week on average.\n\nEmployers must also follow the general rules on working hours.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure whether these exceptions apply in your situation, contact Acas.\n\n## Health assessments\n\nEmployers must offer workers a free health assessment before they become a night worker. Workers do not have to accept.\n\nThe assessment must be written by a qualified health professional. It can be a questionnaire.\n\nEmployers must take into account that night work might increase a worker\u2019s stress levels.\n\nThe worker must get a follow-up examination by a health professional when an employer is unsure if the worker is fit for night work.\n\nA repeat assessment must be offered regularly.\n\nThe employer must offer suitable other work where possible if a worker has health problems that a doctor says are related to night work.\n\n## Keep records\n\nEmployers must keep confidential records of:\n\n- the health assessments (keep for 2 years)\n\n- dates when assessments were offered (if a worker did not want one)", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/night-working-hours", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "i like my peace and enjoy night hours. i have approached my employer to assign me work in the night shift but before they assigned me the hours they required a health assesment.", + "original_question": "can an employer require a health assesment for night shift workers ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1218", + "question": "Scenario: I am a Landrover owner and i recently swapped out the 2 1/4 petrol engine and installed a 3 litre diesel engine.\n\nQuestion: Am I obliged to have my logbook updated?\n\nDocument - Change vehicle details on a V5C registration certificate (log book):\n## When you need to update your V5C\n\nYou must update the details on your registration certificate (V5C) to tell DVLA about:\n\n- mistakes on your V5C\n\n- most changes you make to your vehicle\n\nYou cannot change tax class by updating your V5C. You do this by changing your vehicle tax - even if you\u2019re changing to a tax class that\u2019s exempt from vehicle tax, for example \u2018disabled\u2019.\n\n## Changes you need to update\n\nYou must update your V5C if you change any of the following:\n\n- colour\n\n- engine\n\n- cylinder capacity (cc)\n\n- fuel type\n\n- chassis or bodyshell (replaced or modified)\n\n- seating capacity\n\n- weight of a large vehicle, for example goods vehicle or campervan\n\n## Changes that may need inspection\n\nYou must also update your V5C if you change any of the following:\n\n- wheel plan\n\n- body type, for example you convert a van to a campervan or \u2019motor caravan\u2019 (DVLA gives a body type description based on the vehicle\u2019s external appearance)\n\n- vehicle identification number (VIN)\n\n- chassis number\n\n- frame number for motorbikes\n\nDVLA will tell you if they need to inspect the change.\n\n## What evidence to give\n\nYou must give DVLA evidence or written confirmation if you make any of the following changes to your vehicle. Your V5C update will be rejected if you do not.\n\n## Change of engine number or cylinder capacity (cc)\n\nYou need to provide either:\n\n- a receipt for the replacement engine\n\n- written evidence from the manufacturer\n\n- an inspection report provided for insurance purposes\n\n- written confirmation on headed paper from a garage (if the change took place before you bought the vehicle)\n\n## Change of fuel type\n\nYou need to provide evidence if:\n\n- your existing engine is converted \u2013 the confirmation must be on headed paper from the garage that did the work\n\n- a new engine is fitted \u2013 provide the receipt as confirmation\n\n## Change of weight of a larger vehicle\n\nIf you change the weight of a large vehicle (for example, a campervan or goods vehicle), you\u2019ll need to provide either:\n\n- a plating certificate\n\n- a design weight certificate\n\n## Change of body type to motor caravan\n\nCheck what evidence you need when you convert a van to a campervan or motor caravan.\n\n## How to update your V5C\n\nFill in section 1 if you have a new style log book with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover. Fill in section 7 if you have the older style log book.\n\nSend it to DVLA with any necessary evidence.\n\nIf the change is not listed in section 1 or 7, add notes to the \u2018vehicle details\u2019 section instead. Send it to DVLA with evidence and a letter explaining the change.\n\n## Where to send your V5C\n\nSend your V5C to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1DZ if you changed any of the following:\n\n- engine size (cc)\n\n- fuel type\n\n- weight of a goods vehicle\n\n- number of seats on a bus\n\nFor all other changes, send your V5C to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1BA.\n\n## What happens next\n\nDVLA will contact you to:\n\n- confirm the change or tell you if it needs an inspection\n\n- tell you if the change means you have to pay more vehicle tax\n\nIt may take longer than usual to get your replacement V5C because of coronavirus (COVID-19).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-details-registration-certificate", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a Landrover owner and i recently swapped out the 2 1/4 petrol engine and installed a 3 litre diesel engine.", + "original_question": "Am I obliged to have my logbook updated?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1220", + "question": "Scenario: I am an employer and I have registered with HMRC payee online. I want to enquire about one of my new employee's student loan details and national insurance notices.\n\nQuestion: Can i get this information on PAYE online service?\n\nDocument - PAYE Online for employers:\n## Using PAYE Online\n\nAs an employer, you need to use HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) PAYE Online service to:\n\n- check what you owe HMRC\n\n- pay your bill\n\n- see your payment history\n\n- access tax codes and notices about your employees\n\n- appeal a penalty\n\n- get alerts from HMRC when you report or pay late, or do not send the expected number of reports in a month\n\n- send expenses and benefits returns such as P46 (car), P11D and P11D(b)\n\nOnline services may be slow during busy times. Check if there are any problems with this service.\n\nSign in\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Before you start\n\nMost new employers get a login when they register as an employer online. If you do not have a login because you registered in a different way you\u2019ll need to enrol for PAYE Online separately.\n\n## Tax codes and notices\n\nHMRC sends you information about your employees through PAYE Online. You can log in to view:\n\n- tax code notices (P6 and P9)\n\n- student loan notices (SL1 and SL2)\n\n- National Insurance verification notices (NVR and NOT)\n\n- late reporting and late payment alerts (HMRC call these \u2018generic notifications\u2019)\n\nYou can also access these through some payroll software, or by using the PAYE Desktop Viewer.\n\n## Enrol if you did not register online\n\nYou only need to enrol separately for HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) PAYE Online service if you did not get a login when you registered as an employer - this is usually because you did not register online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your PAYE reference and Accounts Office reference - these are included in the letter from HMRC confirming your registration.\n\n## Enrol for PAYE Online\n\nHow you enrol depends on whether you already have an online account for other taxes, for example Corporation Tax or Self Assessment.\n\n## You already have an account\n\nSign in to your account and select \u2018PAYE for employers\u2019 from the list.\n\n## You do not have an account\n\nEnrol as a new business account holder and select \u2018Add a tax to your account\u2019 on the \u2018Business tax summary\u2019 page. You will then be able to add PAYE for employers.\n\n## PAYE Desktop Viewer\n\nPAYE Desktop Viewer is an application from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that allows you to view, search and sort large numbers of employee tax codes and notices.\n\nYou can also use it to download notices and view them offline instead of accessing them through HMRC\u2019s PAYE Online service, or your payroll software if it includes this feature.\n\n## Download PAYE Desktop Viewer", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-online", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an employer and I have registered with HMRC payee online. I want to enquire about one of my new employee's student loan details and national insurance notices.", + "original_question": "Can i get this information on PAYE online service?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1223", + "question": "Scenario: I was parking at ASDA yesterday when a I saw a cop running towards me waving his hand, motioning me to stop. I was reversing back into a parking spot at the time I saw him. He told me that he noticed how I wasn't wearing a seatbelt. I told him that I had just taken it off when I began reversing into the parking spot. He told me that I still need to have it on and that he will issue me a warning.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to wear a seatbelt while reversing?\n\nDocument - Seat belts: the law:\n## Overview\n\nYou must wear a seat belt if one is fitted in the seat you\u2019re using - there are only a few exceptions.\n\nYou\u2019re also only allowed 1 person in each seat fitted with a seat belt.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3500 if you don\u2019t wear a seat belt when you\u2019re supposed to.\n\n## Children\n\nYou must make sure that any children in the vehicle you\u2019re driving are:\n\n- in the correct car seat for their height or weight until they reach 135 centimetres tall or their 12th birthday, whichever is first\n\n- wearing a seat belt if they\u2019re 12 or 13 years old, or younger and over 135cm tall\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3500 if a child under 14 isn\u2019t in the correct car seat or wearing a seat belt while you\u2019re driving.\n\n## When you don't need to wear a seat belt\n\nYou don\u2019t need to wear a seat belt if you\u2019re:\n\n- a driver who is reversing, or supervising a learner driver who is reversing\n\n- in a vehicle being used for police, fire and rescue services\n\n- a passenger in a trade vehicle and you\u2019re investigating a fault\n\n- driving a goods vehicle on deliveries that is travelling no more than 50 metres between stops\n\n- a licensed taxi driver who is \u2018plying for hire\u2019 or carrying passengers\n\n## Medical exemptions\n\nYour doctor may say you don\u2019t have to wear a seat belt for a medical reason. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018Certificate of Exemption from Compulsory Seat Belt Wearing\u2019. You must:\n\n- keep this in your vehicle\n\n- show it to the police if you\u2019re stopped\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to tell your car insurer.\n\nTalk to your doctor for more information and read \u2018medical exemptions from compulsory seat belt wearing\u2019.\n\n## Wearing a seat belt while pregnant\n\nYou must wear a seat belt if you\u2019re pregnant, unless your doctor says you don\u2019t have to for medical reasons.\n\n## Wearing a seat belt if you\u2019re disabled\n\nYou must wear a seat belt if you\u2019re a disabled driver or passenger, unless you don\u2019t have to for medical reasons. You may need to adapt your vehicle.\n\n## If your vehicle doesn\u2019t have seat belts\n\nIf your vehicle doesn\u2019t have seat belts, for example it\u2019s a classic car, you aren\u2019t allowed to carry any children under 3 years old in it.\n\nChildren over 3 are only allowed to sit in the back seats.\n\nThese rules only apply if your vehicle was originally made without seat belts.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seat-belts-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was parking at ASDA yesterday when a I saw a cop running towards me waving his hand, motioning me to stop. I was reversing back into a parking spot at the time I saw him. He told me that he noticed how I wasn't wearing a seatbelt. I told him that I had just taken it off when I began reversing into the parking spot. He told me that I still need to have it on and that he will issue me a warning.", + "original_question": "Do I have to wear a seatbelt while reversing?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1225", + "question": "Scenario: I am a twenty five year old transwoman and I applying for my first job after completing a PhD program. I am a little nervous that people may not want to employ me once they find out that I am transgender.\n\nQuestion: Will I be descriminated as a transwoman in the workplace?\n\nDocument - Employers: preventing discrimination:\n## Overview\n\nIt is against the law to treat someone less favourably than someone else because of a personal characteristic such as religion, sex, gender reassignment or age.\n\nDiscrimination can include:\n\n- not hiring someone\n\n- selecting a particular person for redundancy\n\n- paying someone less than another worker without good reason\n\nYou can discriminate against someone even if you do not intend to. For example, you can discriminate indirectly by offering working conditions or rules that disadvantage one group of people more than another.\n\n## Discrimination during recruitment\n\n## Discrimination in job adverts\n\nYou must not state or imply in a job advert that you\u2019ll discriminate against anyone. This includes saying that you are not able to cater for workers with a disability.\n\nOnly use phrases like \u2018recent graduate\u2019 or \u2018highly experienced\u2019 when these are actual requirements of the job. Otherwise you could discriminate against younger or older people who might not have had the opportunity to get qualifications.\n\nWhere you advertise might cause indirect discrimination - for example, advertising only in men\u2019s magazines.\n\n## Get help advertising a job without discriminating\n\n## Questions you cannot ask when recruiting\n\nYou must not ask candidates about \u2018protected characteristics\u2019 or whether they:\n\n- are married, single or in a civil partnership\n\n- have children or plan to have children\n\n## Asking about health or disability\n\nYou can only ask about health or disability if:\n\n- there are necessary requirements of the job that cannot be met with reasonable adjustments\n\n- you\u2019re finding out if someone needs help to take part in a selection test or interview\n\n- you\u2019re using \u2018positive action\u2019 to recruit a disabled person\n\nYou might be breaking the law if any discrimination happens during their recruitment process, even if you use a recruitment agency.\n\n## Asking for a date of birth\n\nYou can only ask for someone\u2019s date of birth on an application form if they must be a certain age to do the job, for example selling alcohol.\n\nYou can ask someone their date of birth on a separate equality monitoring form. You should not let the person selecting or interviewing candidates see this form.\n\n## Spent criminal convictions\n\nApplicants do not have to tell you about criminal convictions that are spent. You must treat the applicant as if the conviction has not happened, and cannot refuse to employ the person because of their conviction.\n\nThere are some areas of employment that are exempt from this rule, for example schools.\n\n## Trade union membership\n\nYou must not use membership of a trade union as a factor in deciding whether to employ someone. This includes:\n\n- not employing someone because they\u2019re a member of a trade union\n\n- insisting someone joins a trade union before you\u2019ll employ them\n\n## Employing people with protected characteristics\n\nYou can choose a candidate who has a protected characteristic over one who does not if they\u2019re both suitable for the job and you think that people with that characteristic:\n\n- are underrepresented in the workforce, profession or industry\n\n- suffer a disadvantage connected to that characteristic (for example people from a certain ethnic group are not often given jobs in your sector)\n\nYou can only do this if you\u2019re trying to address the under-representation or disadvantage for that particular characteristic. You must make decisions on a case by case basis and not because of a certain policy.\n\nYou cannot choose a candidate who is not as suitable for the job just because they have a protected characteristic.\n\n## Favouring disabled candidates\n\nWhen a disabled person and a non-disabled person both meet the job requirements, you can treat the disabled person more favourably.\n\n## Discrimination during employment\n\nYou must not discriminate against your employees. This could be done by, for example:\n\n- introducing measures that discriminate between workers, for example a benefit for married \nemployees that\u2019s not available for people in a civil partnership\n\n- paying men and women different amounts (this includes benefits, for example company cars) when they\u2019re doing work of equal value\n\n- selecting someone for redundancy because they have a protected characteristic\n\n- failing to make reasonable adjustments for a disabled worker\n\n- firing someone for making an allegation of discrimination\n\n- firing someone because they\u2019re a union member\n\n- unfairly rejecting a request for flexible working from a new parent\n\nThis includes self-employed people on a contract for you.\n\nTraining and promotion cannot just happen because of an employee\u2019s age or the time they\u2019ve worked for you.\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to ask employees about their future career plans, including retirement. But you cannot just choose older workers for discussions about retirement. Such talks should be part of general discussions about each worker\u2019s career development.\n\n## Employment tribunals\n\nAn employee who thinks they\u2019ve been discriminated against may raise a grievance or take their case to an employment tribunal.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for discrimination carried out by your employees unless you can show you\u2019ve done everything you reasonably could to prevent or stop it.\n\n## Employing family members\n\nIf you hire members of your family you must:\n\n- avoid special treatment in terms of pay, promotion and working conditions\n\n- make sure tax and National Insurance contributions are done correctly\n\n## Gender reassignment\n\nThe moment a worker tells their employer that they\u2019re having gender reassignment, they\u2019re protected from discrimination. Discrimination includes:\n\n- disadvantaging the worker because of the time they have to take off because of medical treatment\n\n- not enabling the worker to use facilities appropriate to their gender\n\nTo avoid discrimination, you must:\n\n- change your records (for example human resources records) when the worker has a Gender Reassignment Certificate and a new birth certificate\n\n- ensure complete confidentiality of all information the worker gives you about their gender history", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-preventing-discrimination", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a twenty five year old transwoman and I applying for my first job after completing a PhD program. I am a little nervous that people may not want to employ me once they find out that I am transgender.", + "original_question": "Will I be descriminated as a transwoman in the workplace?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1228", + "question": "Scenario: I recently applied to form a childminder agency. Me and my friends have everything well thought. A few days ago I found out I am pregnant. Now I am scared I will not be able to proceed with the childminder agency. Me and the others talked it over and we wish to withdraw the application.\n\nQuestion: Will I be refunded the fee associated with the application?\n\nDocument - Register as a childminder agency in England:\n## Overview\n\nYou must register with Ofsted if you want to set up a childminder agency in England.\n\nChildminder agencies register childminders and give training, business support, advice and help finding suitable parents.\n\nYou can register as an individual, or as a private or public sector organisation such as a school or academy.\n\nYou must have a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check, and be interviewed and inspected by Ofsted as part of your application.\n\n## Which register to join\n\nThere are 2 registers. You must apply to join:\n\n- the Early Years Register to register childminders who look after children aged 5 and under\n\n- the compulsory part of the Childcare Register to register childminders who look after children aged 5 to 7\n\n- both registers to register childminders who look after children of all ages\n\nThe Early Years Register is for children from birth up to the 31 August after their 5th birthday.\n\nIf you\u2019re on the compulsory part of the Childcare Register, you can also join the voluntary part. You can only register childminders on the voluntary part of the register if you\u2019ve already registered them on the compulsory part.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nRegistration can take up to 16 weeks.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3220 to register as a childminder agency.\n\nIt\u2019s free to join the Childcare Register if you\u2019re already on or applying to the Early Years Register.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Read the childminder agency handbook.\n\n- Apply for a Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) check through the Ofsted portal.\n\n- Join the DBS update service and agree to Ofsted checking your DBS certificate at least once every 6 months. You have 19 days to join the service after getting your certificate, otherwise you\u2019ll need to get a new certificate.\n\n- Download, fill in and send the application form.\n\n- Check whether you need to fill in and send a declaration and consent form.\n\n- Prepare for your registration visit by an Ofsted inspector (see the childminder agency handbook for details on this).\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nContact Ofsted if you have any questions about the application process.\n\n## Change your details\n\nYou must tell Ofsted if there are any changes to anyone named in your application.\n\nDownload and fill in a notification form and send it to the address on the form.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be told at the end of your registration inspection visit if you can start working as an agency.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a registration certificate in the post that you must display at all times in your work place.\n\nAfter you\u2019re registered you can be inspected again or get an \u2018investigation visit\u2019 if someone makes a complaint about you.\n\nYou must tell Ofsted if there are any changes to anyone named in your application. Download and fill in a notification form and send it to the address on the form.\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nOfsted will send you a letter called a \u2018notice of intention\u2019 which will tell you why you\u2019ve been turned down.\n\nYou\u2019ll also be sent a leaflet on how to object and appeal.\n\n## Withdraw your application\n\nYou can withdraw your application up until you get a notice of intention to refuse your registration. Your fee won\u2019t be refunded.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-childminder-agency-england", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently applied to form a childminder agency. Me and my friends have everything well thought. A few days ago I found out I am pregnant. Now I am scared I will not be able to proceed with the childminder agency. Me and the others talked it over and we wish to withdraw the application.", + "original_question": "Will I be refunded the fee associated with the application?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1231", + "question": "Scenario: I have an old car that has a faulty engine that caught fire, damaging it beyond repair. My car insurance company state that the fire is not covered by my policy, but if it were it would be a write-off.\n\nQuestion: Do I scrap this car as a normal disposal or via the insurance write-off procedure?\n\nDocument - Scrapping your vehicle and insurance write-offs:\n## How to scrap your vehicle\n\nWhen your vehicle has reached the end of its usefulness, you must get it scrapped at an authorised treatment facility (ATF). These are sometimes known as a scrapyard or breaker\u2019s yard.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if your vehicle is an insurance write-off.\n\n## Scrap your vehicle without keeping any parts\n\n- Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.\n\n- Scrap your vehicle at an ATF. This is usually free.\n\n- Give the ATF the vehicle log book (V5C), but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section from it.\n\n- Tell DVLA you\u2019ve taken your vehicle to an ATF.\n\nYou can be fined \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA.\n\n## Scrap your vehicle and keep parts from it\n\nYou can take parts from your vehicle before you scrap it so you can use them to repair another vehicle.\n\n- Tell DVLA the vehicle is off the road while you\u2019re taking parts from it. It must be kept off the road, for example in a garage, on a drive or on private land.\n\n- Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.\n\n- Scrap your vehicle at an ATF when you\u2019ve finished taking parts from it. The ATF can charge a fee if you\u2019ve removed essential parts, such as the engine, gearbox, bodywork or wheels.\n\n- Give the ATF the vehicle log book (V5C), but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange\u2019 section from it.\n\n- Tell DVLA you\u2019ve taken your vehicle to an ATF.\n\n## Scrap a vehicle that\u2019s registered abroad\n\nIf you want to scrap a vehicle from another country in the UK, you must use an ATF.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018Certificate of Destruction\u2019 to prove that the vehicle has been destroyed.\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to tell the driving authority in the country where the vehicle is registered that it has been scrapped.\n\n## Where you can scrap your vehicle\n\nFind an authorised treatment facility (ATF) where your vehicle can be scrapped.\n\nWhen the ATF has your vehicle, they can decide to:\n\n- completely scrap it\n\n- repair and sell it themselves\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to scrap your vehicle anywhere else.\n\n## If your vehicle is completely scrapped\n\nThe ATF will give you a \u2018certificate of destruction\u2019 within 7 days if you\u2019ve scrapped a:\n\n- car\n\n- light van\n\n- 3-wheeled motor vehicle (but not a motor tricycle)\n\nYou will not get a certificate for other types of vehicle.\n\nThe certificate is proof that you\u2019ve handed over the vehicle for scrap. If you do not have it, you could still be liable for:\n\n- traffic offence penalties\n\n- vehicle tax\n\n## Being paid for your scrapped vehicle\n\nThe ATF will pay you the scrap value of your vehicle.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to be paid in cash if your vehicle is scrapped in England or Wales. You have to be paid by bank transfer or cheque.\n\n## If the ATF repairs and sells your vehicle\n\nYou will not get a certificate of destruction if the ATF decides to repair and sell your vehicle.\n\nYou can be paid for your vehicle by any method, including cash.\n\n## Insurance write-offs\n\nWhen you make an insurance claim because your vehicle is damaged, your insurance company will tell you:\n\n- if your vehicle is being \u2018written off\u2019\n\n- how much they\u2019ll pay you\n\nWhen your vehicle is written off, your insurance company pays you the current value of the vehicle, instead of the cost of repairing it.\n\nYour insurance company will decide if the vehicle should be written off or not.\n\n## Write-off categories\n\nWhat you do next depends on which category your vehicle is in.\n\n| Category | Repairing the vehicle | Using the vehicle |\n\n| A | Cannot be repaired | Entire vehicle has to be crushed |\n\n| B | Cannot be repaired | Body shell has to be crushed, but you can salvage other parts from it |\n\n| C | Can be repaired, but it would cost more than the vehicle\u2019s worth | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition |\n\n| D | Can be repaired and would cost less than the vehicle\u2019s worth, but other costs (such as transporting your vehicle) take it over the vehicle\u2019s value | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition |\n\n| N | Can be repaired following non-structural damage | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition |\n\n| S | Can be repaired following structural damage | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition |\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYour insurance company will usually deal with getting the vehicle scrapped for you. You need to follow these steps.\n\n- Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.\n\n- Send the vehicle log book (V5C) to your insurance company, but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section from it.\n\n- Tell DVLA your vehicle has been written off.\n\nYou can be fined \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA.\n\n## Keeping the vehicle\n\nIf you want to keep a vehicle in category C, D, N or S, the insurance company will give you an insurance payout and sell the vehicle back to you.\n\nTo keep a category C or S vehicle, you also need to:\n\n- send the complete log book to your insurance company\n\n- apply for a free duplicate log book using form V62\n\nDVLA will record the vehicle\u2019s category in the log book.\n\nYou can keep the log book if you want to keep a category D or N vehicle.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scrapped-and-written-off-vehicles", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have an old car that has a faulty engine that caught fire, damaging it beyond repair. My car insurance company state that the fire is not covered by my policy, but if it were it would be a write-off.", + "original_question": "Do I scrap this car as a normal disposal or via the insurance write-off procedure?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1232", + "question": "Scenario: I am a second hand car dealer and bought a car recently that I discovered afterwards had been disposed of as a write-off.\n\nQuestion: Is it legal to sell this written-off but repaired car?\n\nDocument - Scrapping your vehicle and insurance write-offs:\n## How to scrap your vehicle\n\nWhen your vehicle has reached the end of its usefulness, you must get it scrapped at an authorised treatment facility (ATF). These are sometimes known as a scrapyard or breaker\u2019s yard.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if your vehicle is an insurance write-off.\n\n## Scrap your vehicle without keeping any parts\n\n- Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.\n\n- Scrap your vehicle at an ATF. This is usually free.\n\n- Give the ATF the vehicle log book (V5C), but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section from it.\n\n- Tell DVLA you\u2019ve taken your vehicle to an ATF.\n\nYou can be fined \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA.\n\n## Scrap your vehicle and keep parts from it\n\nYou can take parts from your vehicle before you scrap it so you can use them to repair another vehicle.\n\n- Tell DVLA the vehicle is off the road while you\u2019re taking parts from it. It must be kept off the road, for example in a garage, on a drive or on private land.\n\n- Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.\n\n- Scrap your vehicle at an ATF when you\u2019ve finished taking parts from it. The ATF can charge a fee if you\u2019ve removed essential parts, such as the engine, gearbox, bodywork or wheels.\n\n- Give the ATF the vehicle log book (V5C), but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange\u2019 section from it.\n\n- Tell DVLA you\u2019ve taken your vehicle to an ATF.\n\n## Scrap a vehicle that\u2019s registered abroad\n\nIf you want to scrap a vehicle from another country in the UK, you must use an ATF.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018Certificate of Destruction\u2019 to prove that the vehicle has been destroyed.\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to tell the driving authority in the country where the vehicle is registered that it has been scrapped.\n\n## Where you can scrap your vehicle\n\nFind an authorised treatment facility (ATF) where your vehicle can be scrapped.\n\nWhen the ATF has your vehicle, they can decide to:\n\n- completely scrap it\n\n- repair and sell it themselves\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to scrap your vehicle anywhere else.\n\n## If your vehicle is completely scrapped\n\nThe ATF will give you a \u2018certificate of destruction\u2019 within 7 days if you\u2019ve scrapped a:\n\n- car\n\n- light van\n\n- 3-wheeled motor vehicle (but not a motor tricycle)\n\nYou will not get a certificate for other types of vehicle.\n\nThe certificate is proof that you\u2019ve handed over the vehicle for scrap. If you do not have it, you could still be liable for:\n\n- traffic offence penalties\n\n- vehicle tax\n\n## Being paid for your scrapped vehicle\n\nThe ATF will pay you the scrap value of your vehicle.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to be paid in cash if your vehicle is scrapped in England or Wales. You have to be paid by bank transfer or cheque.\n\n## If the ATF repairs and sells your vehicle\n\nYou will not get a certificate of destruction if the ATF decides to repair and sell your vehicle.\n\nYou can be paid for your vehicle by any method, including cash.\n\n## Insurance write-offs\n\nWhen you make an insurance claim because your vehicle is damaged, your insurance company will tell you:\n\n- if your vehicle is being \u2018written off\u2019\n\n- how much they\u2019ll pay you\n\nWhen your vehicle is written off, your insurance company pays you the current value of the vehicle, instead of the cost of repairing it.\n\nYour insurance company will decide if the vehicle should be written off or not.\n\n## Write-off categories\n\nWhat you do next depends on which category your vehicle is in.\n\n| Category | Repairing the vehicle | Using the vehicle |\n\n| A | Cannot be repaired | Entire vehicle has to be crushed |\n\n| B | Cannot be repaired | Body shell has to be crushed, but you can salvage other parts from it |\n\n| C | Can be repaired, but it would cost more than the vehicle\u2019s worth | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition |\n\n| D | Can be repaired and would cost less than the vehicle\u2019s worth, but other costs (such as transporting your vehicle) take it over the vehicle\u2019s value | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition |\n\n| N | Can be repaired following non-structural damage | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition |\n\n| S | Can be repaired following structural damage | You can use the vehicle again if it\u2019s repaired to a roadworthy condition |\n\n## What you need to do\n\nYour insurance company will usually deal with getting the vehicle scrapped for you. You need to follow these steps.\n\n- Apply to take the registration number off the vehicle if you want to keep it.\n\n- Send the vehicle log book (V5C) to your insurance company, but keep the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section from it.\n\n- Tell DVLA your vehicle has been written off.\n\nYou can be fined \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA.\n\n## Keeping the vehicle\n\nIf you want to keep a vehicle in category C, D, N or S, the insurance company will give you an insurance payout and sell the vehicle back to you.\n\nTo keep a category C or S vehicle, you also need to:\n\n- send the complete log book to your insurance company\n\n- apply for a free duplicate log book using form V62\n\nDVLA will record the vehicle\u2019s category in the log book.\n\nYou can keep the log book if you want to keep a category D or N vehicle.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/scrapped-and-written-off-vehicles", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a second hand car dealer and bought a car recently that I discovered afterwards had been disposed of as a write-off.", + "original_question": "Is it legal to sell this written-off but repaired car?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1236", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle wants to change the body size of his van to a camper van. He needs it to be more spacious and ready for a family holiday.\n\nQuestion: Is there a link where he can find the documents needed to provide?\n\nDocument - Change vehicle details on a V5C registration certificate (log book):\n## When you need to update your V5C\n\nYou must update the details on your registration certificate (V5C) to tell DVLA about:\n\n- mistakes on your V5C\n\n- most changes you make to your vehicle\n\nYou cannot change tax class by updating your V5C. You do this by changing your vehicle tax - even if you\u2019re changing to a tax class that\u2019s exempt from vehicle tax, for example \u2018disabled\u2019.\n\n## Changes you need to update\n\nYou must update your V5C if you change any of the following:\n\n- colour\n\n- engine\n\n- cylinder capacity (cc)\n\n- fuel type\n\n- chassis or bodyshell (replaced or modified)\n\n- seating capacity\n\n- weight of a large vehicle, for example goods vehicle or campervan\n\n## Changes that may need inspection\n\nYou must also update your V5C if you change any of the following:\n\n- wheel plan\n\n- body type, for example you convert a van to a campervan or \u2019motor caravan\u2019 (DVLA gives a body type description based on the vehicle\u2019s external appearance)\n\n- vehicle identification number (VIN)\n\n- chassis number\n\n- frame number for motorbikes\n\nDVLA will tell you if they need to inspect the change.\n\n## What evidence to give\n\nYou must give DVLA evidence or written confirmation if you make any of the following changes to your vehicle. Your V5C update will be rejected if you do not.\n\n## Change of engine number or cylinder capacity (cc)\n\nYou need to provide either:\n\n- a receipt for the replacement engine\n\n- written evidence from the manufacturer\n\n- an inspection report provided for insurance purposes\n\n- written confirmation on headed paper from a garage (if the change took place before you bought the vehicle)\n\n## Change of fuel type\n\nYou need to provide evidence if:\n\n- your existing engine is converted \u2013 the confirmation must be on headed paper from the garage that did the work\n\n- a new engine is fitted \u2013 provide the receipt as confirmation\n\n## Change of weight of a larger vehicle\n\nIf you change the weight of a large vehicle (for example, a campervan or goods vehicle), you\u2019ll need to provide either:\n\n- a plating certificate\n\n- a design weight certificate\n\n## Change of body type to motor caravan\n\nCheck what evidence you need when you convert a van to a campervan or motor caravan.\n\n## How to update your V5C\n\nFill in section 1 if you have a new style log book with multi-coloured numbered blocks on the front cover. Fill in section 7 if you have the older style log book.\n\nSend it to DVLA with any necessary evidence.\n\nIf the change is not listed in section 1 or 7, add notes to the \u2018vehicle details\u2019 section instead. Send it to DVLA with evidence and a letter explaining the change.\n\n## Where to send your V5C\n\nSend your V5C to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1DZ if you changed any of the following:\n\n- engine size (cc)\n\n- fuel type\n\n- weight of a goods vehicle\n\n- number of seats on a bus\n\nFor all other changes, send your V5C to DVLA, Swansea, SA99 1BA.\n\n## What happens next\n\nDVLA will contact you to:\n\n- confirm the change or tell you if it needs an inspection\n\n- tell you if the change means you have to pay more vehicle tax\n\nIt may take longer than usual to get your replacement V5C because of coronavirus (COVID-19).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-details-registration-certificate", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle wants to change the body size of his van to a camper van. He needs it to be more spacious and ready for a family holiday.", + "original_question": "Is there a link where he can find the documents needed to provide?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1237", + "question": "Scenario: we provide employment to people who are being rehabilitated after leaving prison. we'd like some of them to offer driving tests for other employees.\n\nQuestion: can someone who has been convicted of a crime be a driving test examiner ?\n\nDocument - Provide driving tests for your employees:\n## Who can provide driving tests\n\nDriving tests are usually provided by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).\n\nYou can apply to DVSA for permission for your own staff to provide driving tests for your employees if you\u2019re a:\n\n- bus or haulage operating licence holder\n\n- police service\n\n- fire and rescue service\n\nYour staff providing driving tests will be known as \u2018delegated driving examiners\u2019.\n\n## Tests that can be provided\n\nDelegated driving examiners are allowed to provide theory and practical driving tests for drivers of:\n\n- lorries\n\n- buses and coaches\n\n- cars and trailers\n\n- emergency service vehicles\n\n## Lorry, bus and coach companies\n\nDelegated driving examiners working for lorry, bus and coach companies can test:\n\n- an employee\n\n- an employee of a sister company\n\nAs a delegated driving examiner, you cannot test someone you\u2019ve trained.\n\n## Emergency services\n\nDelegated driving examiners working for police services and fire and rescue services can test:\n\n- an employee\n\n- an employee from the same type of service in a different area\n\nThe same delegated driving examiner can provide tests for both a police service and a fire and rescue service, but both must appoint them with DVSA.\n\n## Rules for your driving examiners\n\nWhen deciding whether to give permission for someone to provide driving tests, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) looks at if they:\n\n- have a full driving licence for the type of vehicle they\u2019re testing in\n\n- have had any convictions in the last 3 years\n\n- have been disqualified from driving\n\n- have any court proceedings pending against them\n\n- have any penalty points on their licence\n\n## Qualifying as a delegated driving examiner\n\nYour employees must then:\n\n- complete an initial training course\n\n- reach an appropriate standard in the delegated driving examiner theory and practical tests\n\nDVSA will send you more information about the qualifying process when you apply to provide driving tests.\n\n## Apply to provide driving tests\n\nYou must email the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get permission to provide driving tests.\n\nYou cannot currently contact DVSA by telephone or post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou must include information about your organisation, the tests you want to provide, and the people you want to appoint as delegated driving examiners.\n\n## Your organisation\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- the full name of the organisation\n\n- the registered address or headquarters address (if you\u2019re not a registered company)\n\n- a copy of your certificate of incorporation if you\u2019re a registered company\n\n- a copy of your operator licence (if you have one)\n\n- the name, position and contact details of the main contact in your organisation for driving tests\n\n- confirmation that you, as the person submitting the application, is an approved signatory for the purposes of the application\n\n## The tests you want to provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- details of the locations at which testing would take place\n\n- the categories of tests you want to provide, for example, \u2018category D - bus\u2019\n\n- the type of tests you want to provide, for example, licence acquisition theory test, licence acquisition practical test and so on\n\n- details of where the records about the tests would be stored\n\n- an estimate of the minimum number of tests you\u2019ll provide in the 12 months following your approval\n\n## The people you want to appoint as examiners\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include the full names and driving licence numbers of the people you want to appoint as delegated driving examiners.\n\n## When DVSA gets your application\n\nDVSA will tell you its decision about your application within 10 working days.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get information about:\n\n- the qualifying process\n\n- the detailed rules about providing theory and practical driving tests\n\n- the detailed rules about recording tests that you provide\n\nYou can email DVSA if you need more information.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/provide-driving-tests-for-your-employees", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "we provide employment to people who are being rehabilitated after leaving prison. we'd like some of them to offer driving tests for other employees.", + "original_question": "can someone who has been convicted of a crime be a driving test examiner ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1238", + "question": "Scenario: we are a small community with limited staff in the emergency services. we would like to have experienced staff in one branch of emergency services provide driving tests to staff in another branch.\n\nQuestion: can staff from different emergency services offer each other driving tests ?\n\nDocument - Provide driving tests for your employees:\n## Who can provide driving tests\n\nDriving tests are usually provided by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).\n\nYou can apply to DVSA for permission for your own staff to provide driving tests for your employees if you\u2019re a:\n\n- bus or haulage operating licence holder\n\n- police service\n\n- fire and rescue service\n\nYour staff providing driving tests will be known as \u2018delegated driving examiners\u2019.\n\n## Tests that can be provided\n\nDelegated driving examiners are allowed to provide theory and practical driving tests for drivers of:\n\n- lorries\n\n- buses and coaches\n\n- cars and trailers\n\n- emergency service vehicles\n\n## Lorry, bus and coach companies\n\nDelegated driving examiners working for lorry, bus and coach companies can test:\n\n- an employee\n\n- an employee of a sister company\n\nAs a delegated driving examiner, you cannot test someone you\u2019ve trained.\n\n## Emergency services\n\nDelegated driving examiners working for police services and fire and rescue services can test:\n\n- an employee\n\n- an employee from the same type of service in a different area\n\nThe same delegated driving examiner can provide tests for both a police service and a fire and rescue service, but both must appoint them with DVSA.\n\n## Rules for your driving examiners\n\nWhen deciding whether to give permission for someone to provide driving tests, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) looks at if they:\n\n- have a full driving licence for the type of vehicle they\u2019re testing in\n\n- have had any convictions in the last 3 years\n\n- have been disqualified from driving\n\n- have any court proceedings pending against them\n\n- have any penalty points on their licence\n\n## Qualifying as a delegated driving examiner\n\nYour employees must then:\n\n- complete an initial training course\n\n- reach an appropriate standard in the delegated driving examiner theory and practical tests\n\nDVSA will send you more information about the qualifying process when you apply to provide driving tests.\n\n## Apply to provide driving tests\n\nYou must email the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get permission to provide driving tests.\n\nYou cannot currently contact DVSA by telephone or post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou must include information about your organisation, the tests you want to provide, and the people you want to appoint as delegated driving examiners.\n\n## Your organisation\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- the full name of the organisation\n\n- the registered address or headquarters address (if you\u2019re not a registered company)\n\n- a copy of your certificate of incorporation if you\u2019re a registered company\n\n- a copy of your operator licence (if you have one)\n\n- the name, position and contact details of the main contact in your organisation for driving tests\n\n- confirmation that you, as the person submitting the application, is an approved signatory for the purposes of the application\n\n## The tests you want to provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- details of the locations at which testing would take place\n\n- the categories of tests you want to provide, for example, \u2018category D - bus\u2019\n\n- the type of tests you want to provide, for example, licence acquisition theory test, licence acquisition practical test and so on\n\n- details of where the records about the tests would be stored\n\n- an estimate of the minimum number of tests you\u2019ll provide in the 12 months following your approval\n\n## The people you want to appoint as examiners\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include the full names and driving licence numbers of the people you want to appoint as delegated driving examiners.\n\n## When DVSA gets your application\n\nDVSA will tell you its decision about your application within 10 working days.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get information about:\n\n- the qualifying process\n\n- the detailed rules about providing theory and practical driving tests\n\n- the detailed rules about recording tests that you provide\n\nYou can email DVSA if you need more information.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/provide-driving-tests-for-your-employees", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "we are a small community with limited staff in the emergency services. we would like to have experienced staff in one branch of emergency services provide driving tests to staff in another branch.", + "original_question": "can staff from different emergency services offer each other driving tests ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1242", + "question": "Scenario: I own several 14 seater minibuses which have been in operation since 2010.Are hired for transporting tourists and school children. I want to ensure the seat belts meet all regulations.\n\nQuestion: Does my vehicles have to be tested on seat belts installations?\n\nDocument - Specialist tests for coaches and buses:\n## Overview\n\nYou must get your commercial vehicle tested every year to make sure it\u2019s roadworthy. This is known as the annual test.\n\nThere are extra tests coaches and buses may need to take to:\n\n- qualify for free entrance to the London Low Emission Zone (LEZ) by getting a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC)\n\n- meet seat belt safety rules\n\n## Reduced emissions test\n\nYou can get your vehicle tested for a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC). This lets you drive in the Low Emission Zone (LEZ) without paying.\n\nThe Reduced Pollution Certificate (RPC) scheme to reduce your vehicle tax ended on 31 December 2016.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour vehicle can be tested for a Low Emissions Certificate if it:\n\n- was registered in the UK before 1 October 2006\n\n- is fitted with a full filter to Low Emission Zone emissions standards\n\nYou don\u2019t need a Low Emission Certificate for a vehicle with a Euro 4, 5 or 6 engine.\n\n## Converted and re-engined vehicles\n\nContact DVLA if the vehicle has either:\n\n- been fitted or converted to run solely on petrol\n\n- had an approved gas conversion\n\nContact Transport for London (TfL) if your vehicle has been \u2018re-engined\u2019 to meet Low Emission Zone standards.\n\n## Book a Low Emissions Certificate test\n\nContact an authorised testing facility or Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) test station to book the test.\n\nYou need:\n\n- your vehicle registration number\n\n- your vehicle identification or chassis number\n\n- the make, model and date of manufacture\n\n- details of any modifications made to meet the emissions standard\n\n- to pay the fee\n\nIt\u2019s cheaper to have the test done at the same time as the vehicle\u2019s annual test.\n\n## What to take to the test\n\nIf it\u2019s been tested before you must take the vehicle\u2019s previous Low Emissions Certificate or Reduced Pollution Certificate.\n\nThe test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if you don\u2019t take the certificate.\n\n## What happens at the test\n\nThe test is in 2 parts:\n\n- physical inspection to check any modifications, such as a filter fitted to the exhaust\n\n- smoke opacity test to check emissions\n\n## Test result\n\nYou\u2019ll get a Low Emissions Certificate if your vehicle passes the test.\n\nDVSA will pass your details to TfL automatically. It takes around 3 days for your details to be updated so you can drive in the Low Emission Zone.\n\nIf your vehicle is registered outside Great Britain, you need to register with TfL yourself. You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you don\u2019t register it.\n\n## If your vehicle fails\n\nYou can appeal the result. Fill in form LEC3 and send it to DVSA. The address is on the form.\n\n## Renewing a Low Emissions Certificate\n\nThe Low Emissions Certificate has an expiry date on it. You need to get your vehicle tested again by this date if you want to continue driving in the Low Emission Zone without paying.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving in the Low Emission Zone without a valid Low Emissions Certificate.\n\n## Seat belt installation tests\n\nManufacturers of some buses, coaches and minibuses must make sure their seat belts meet certain safety rules.\n\n## Vehicles that need to be tested\n\nIf your vehicle has additional seat belts fitted beyond those required by law, it must be tested if:\n\n- it\u2019s a private passenger vehicle with more than 8 passenger seats and was first used on or after 1 October 2001\n\n- it\u2019s a public service vehicle\n\n## Exemptions\n\nPrivate passenger vehicles registered before 1 October 2001 are exempt.\n\nBuses made to carry standing passengers are also exempt, but if they have seat belts these must be tested.\n\nPublic service vehicles that need a Certificate of Initial Fitness (COIF) have their seat belts checked as part of this process.\n\n## Arrange a test\n\nYou can get your passenger vehicle\u2019s seat belt installation tested at one of the following centres:\n\n- Status\n\n- Millbrook proving ground\n\n- Transport research laboratory\n\nManufacturers can test their own seat belts as long as they have the right equipment and staff.\n\nTesting seat belts is usually part of obtaining a COIF on new vehicles.\n\nYou can get more advice about testing your passenger vehicle\u2019s seat belts from DVSA.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/specialist-tests-for-coaches-and-buses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own several 14 seater minibuses which have been in operation since 2010.Are hired for transporting tourists and school children. I want to ensure the seat belts meet all regulations.", + "original_question": "Does my vehicles have to be tested on seat belts installations?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1243", + "question": "Scenario: I am the boss and owner of a small boutique and recently advertised a job. One of the applicants has a hidden disability, autism. I feel she is not suitable for the job but I am not sure if I am breaking the law by rejecting her.\n\nQuestion: Is it illegal for me to reject a candidate with a hidden disability?\n\nDocument - Recruitment and disabled people:\n## Job specifications\n\nThe job specification (or \u2018person requirements\u2019) of a vacancy must not exclude disabled people from applying for a job.\n\nHowever, some jobs may have an essential requirement that cannot be met with a reasonable adjustment.\n\nIf you reject a disabled candidate, it must be based on their performance at interview rather than having to make reasonable adjustments.\n\n## Encouraging applications\n\nYour local Jobcentre Plus can help with:\n\n- making sure your application process is accessible\n\n- advising you about recruitment practices that open up jobs to disabled people\n\n- information about making reasonable adjustments that can help someone start or keep their job\n\nContact Jobcentre Plus to find out more.\n\n## Apply for the disability confident scheme\n\nSign up as a disability confident committed employer. When you\u2019ve done this you can use the disability confident badge on adverts to show you encourage applications from disabled people.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nYou must provide information about the vacancy in alternative formats (for example, large print) on request if this is reasonable. You must also accept applications in alternative formats (for example, electronically) where possible.\n\n## Reasonable adjustments\n\nYou can ask if a candidate needs an adjustment to the recruitment process to allow them to be considered for the job, or you can wait to be told.\n\nYou must make adjustments if they\u2019re reasonable, for example allowing:\n\n- wheelchair users to have their interview on the ground floor\n\n- candidates to complete a written test using a computer\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made a job offer, you can ask what adjustments they\u2019ll need to do the job.\n\nYou can get help paying for extra support in the workplace through an Access to Work grant but you cannot use the money for reasonable adjustments.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/recruitment-disabled-people", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the boss and owner of a small boutique and recently advertised a job. One of the applicants has a hidden disability, autism. I feel she is not suitable for the job but I am not sure if I am breaking the law by rejecting her.", + "original_question": "Is it illegal for me to reject a candidate with a hidden disability?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1244", + "question": "Scenario: I am a factory boss who is disabled myself and I am keen to encourage applications from other disabled people. I have several vacancies at the moment which I will be advertising.\n\nQuestion: Is it acceptable to encourage applications specifically from disabled people?\n\nDocument - Recruitment and disabled people:\n## Job specifications\n\nThe job specification (or \u2018person requirements\u2019) of a vacancy must not exclude disabled people from applying for a job.\n\nHowever, some jobs may have an essential requirement that cannot be met with a reasonable adjustment.\n\nIf you reject a disabled candidate, it must be based on their performance at interview rather than having to make reasonable adjustments.\n\n## Encouraging applications\n\nYour local Jobcentre Plus can help with:\n\n- making sure your application process is accessible\n\n- advising you about recruitment practices that open up jobs to disabled people\n\n- information about making reasonable adjustments that can help someone start or keep their job\n\nContact Jobcentre Plus to find out more.\n\n## Apply for the disability confident scheme\n\nSign up as a disability confident committed employer. When you\u2019ve done this you can use the disability confident badge on adverts to show you encourage applications from disabled people.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nYou must provide information about the vacancy in alternative formats (for example, large print) on request if this is reasonable. You must also accept applications in alternative formats (for example, electronically) where possible.\n\n## Reasonable adjustments\n\nYou can ask if a candidate needs an adjustment to the recruitment process to allow them to be considered for the job, or you can wait to be told.\n\nYou must make adjustments if they\u2019re reasonable, for example allowing:\n\n- wheelchair users to have their interview on the ground floor\n\n- candidates to complete a written test using a computer\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made a job offer, you can ask what adjustments they\u2019ll need to do the job.\n\nYou can get help paying for extra support in the workplace through an Access to Work grant but you cannot use the money for reasonable adjustments.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/recruitment-disabled-people", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a factory boss who is disabled myself and I am keen to encourage applications from other disabled people. I have several vacancies at the moment which I will be advertising.", + "original_question": "Is it acceptable to encourage applications specifically from disabled people?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1246", + "question": "Scenario: I live in Wales and was fired from my job last week unjustly. I am going to take my ex-employer to employment tribunal. I believe they recorded inaccurate information about me. I do not have much money at the moment.\n\nQuestion: Can I obtain the information about me held by my former employer for free?\n\nDocument - Data protection:\n## The Data Protection Act\n\nThe Data Protection Act 2018 controls how your personal information is used by organisations, businesses or the government.\n\nThe Data Protection Act 2018 is the UK\u2019s implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).\n\nEveryone responsible for using personal data has to follow strict rules called \u2018data protection principles\u2019. They must make sure the information is:\n\n- used fairly, lawfully and transparently\n\n- used for specified, explicit purposes\n\n- used in a way that is adequate, relevant and limited to only what is necessary\n\n- accurate and, where necessary, kept up to date\n\n- kept for no longer than is necessary\n\n- handled in a way that ensures appropriate security, including protection against unlawful or unauthorised processing, access, loss, destruction or damage\n\nThere is stronger legal protection for more sensitive information, such as:\n\n- race\n\n- ethnic background\n\n- political opinions\n\n- religious beliefs\n\n- trade union membership\n\n- genetics\n\n- biometrics (where used for identification)\n\n- health\n\n- sex life or orientation\n\nThere are separate safeguards for personal data relating to criminal convictions and offences.\n\n## Your rights\n\nUnder the Data Protection Act 2018, you have the right to find out what information the government and other organisations store about you. These include the right to:\n\n- be informed about how your data is being used\n\n- access personal data\n\n- have incorrect data updated\n\n- have data erased\n\n- stop or restrict the processing of your data\n\n- data portability (allowing you to get and reuse your data for different services)\n\n- object to how your data is processed in certain circumstances\n\nYou also have rights when an organisation is using your personal data for:\n\n- automated decision-making processes (without human involvement)\n\n- profiling, for example to predict your behaviour or interests\n\n## Find out what data an organisation has about you\n\nWrite to an organisation to ask for a copy of the information they hold about you.\n\nIf it\u2019s a public organisation, write to their Data Protection Officer (DPO). Their details should be on the organisation\u2019s privacy notice.\n\nIf the organisation has no DPO, or you do not know who to write to, address your letter to the company secretary.\n\n## How long it should take\n\nThe organisation must give you a copy of the data they hold about you as soon as possible, and within 1 month at most.\n\nIn certain circumstances, for example particularly complex or multiple requests, the organisation can take a further 2 months to provide data. In this case, they must tell you:\n\n- within 1 month of your request\n\n- why there\u2019s a delay\n\n## When information can be withheld\n\nThere are some situations when organisations are allowed to withhold information, for example if the information is about:\n\n- the prevention, detection or investigation of a crime\n\n- national security or the armed forces\n\n- the assessment or collection of tax\n\n- judicial or ministerial appointments\n\nAn organisation does not have to say why they\u2019re withholding information.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nRequests for information are usually free. However, organisations can charge an administrative cost in some circumstances, for example if:\n\n- you\u2019re asking for a large amount of information\n\n- your request will take a lot of time and effort to process\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nIf you think your data has been misused or that the organisation holding it has not kept it secure, you should contact them and tell them.\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with their response or if you need any advice you should contact the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office (ICO).\n\nYou can also chat online with an advisor.\n\nThe ICO can investigate your claim and take action against anyone who\u2019s misused personal data.\n\nYou can also visit their website for information on how to make a data protection complaint.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/data-protection", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in Wales and was fired from my job last week unjustly. I am going to take my ex-employer to employment tribunal. I believe they recorded inaccurate information about me. I do not have much money at the moment.", + "original_question": "Can I obtain the information about me held by my former employer for free?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1250", + "question": "Scenario: My wife filed for divorce last month. Yesterday I received the documentation regarding our case. Even before finishing the first page I realized she wants full custody of our children. After carefully reading through I was left a bit confused regarding who the document addresses as 'applicant' and 'respondent'..\n\nQuestion: Am I the applicant under these circumstances?\n\nDocument - Represent yourself in court:\n## Overview\n\nYou have the right to speak for yourself in court without a solicitor or other legal professional.\n\nYou may choose to do this because:\n\n- you think it\u2019s better to talk directly to the judge, jury or magistrates yourself\n\n- you cannot afford to pay legal fees\n\nIf you\u2019re considering representing yourself because you cannot afford legal costs, check if you can get legal aid instead.\n\nYou\u2019ll be known as a \u2018litigant in person\u2019 if you represent yourself. You\u2019ll also be known as an \u2018applicant\u2019, \u2018respondent\u2019 or \u2018defendant\u2019 depending on whether your case is heard in a family, civil or criminal court.\n\nRead Advicenow\u2019s guides to going to court for advice on how to conduct your case.\n\nThere are different courts and rules in Scotland.\n\n## Someone with you in court\n\nYou may be allowed to have someone to help you in court by taking notes and giving advice, but they cannot:\n\n- speak for you\n\n- interfere with proceedings\n\n- sign documents on your behalf\n\nThis person is known as a \u2018McKenzie friend\u2019.\n\nThe judge will decide whether you can have a McKenzie friend with you in court.\n\nRead guidance on what a McKenzie friend can and cannot do.\n\n## Get legal advice\n\nYou can still get legal advice to help you with your case, even if you choose to represent yourself in court.\n\nFind a solicitor.\n\nRead advice on what you should consider before going to court for a debt, dispute or personal injury claim.\n\n## Divorce and separation involving children\n\nYou\u2019ll be referred to as the \u2018applicant\u2019 if you brought the case, for example you filed the divorce papers.\n\nYou\u2019ll be known as the \u2018respondent\u2019 if you\u2019ve received divorce papers or a request for a separation, or a contact order or residence order for a child.\n\n## Before you go to court\n\nYou must normally go to mediation before you go to court.\n\nThe court will not hear your case until you send them a C100 form.\n\nRead guidance about whether you should take your case to court.\n\nRead the \u2018Guide for Separated Parents: Children and the Family Courts\u2019.\n\nFind out more about:\n\n- how to apply for a court order\n\n- the types of court order you can apply for or respond to\n\n- what the court does after you apply for a court order\n\n- getting free and independent help with forms and documents\n\n## Divorce and separation: money and property\n\nYou\u2019ll be referred to as the:\n\n- \u2018applicant\u2019 if you brought the case, for example you filed a divorce petition\n\n- \u2018respondent\u2019 if someone else has brought the case\n\nFind out what you must do before you go to court if you\u2019re divorcing or separating and you\u2019ve a dispute about money or property.\n\nYou must normally consider mediation before you go to court.\n\nThe court will not hear your case until you send them a C100 form.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/represent-yourself-in-court", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My wife filed for divorce last month. Yesterday I received the documentation regarding our case. Even before finishing the first page I realized she wants full custody of our children. After carefully reading through I was left a bit confused regarding who the document addresses as 'applicant' and 'respondent'..", + "original_question": "Am I the applicant under these circumstances?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1252", + "question": "Scenario: We are trailer manufacturing company and our trailers were manufactured after 29th July 2013. We have an evidence of approval from IVA .\n\nQuestion: Do we need permission?\n\nDocument - Supply a large goods trailer for use on the road:\n## Overview\n\nYou must apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for permission if you supply large goods trailers for use on the road.\n\nThis is called a \u2018letter of consent\u2019 and applies to \u2018final suppliers\u2019.\n\nYou need a letter of consent if your trailer:\n\n- is for carrying goods and weighs more than 1020kg when it\u2019s not carrying any goods or other items (known as \u2018unladen weight\u2019)\n\n- is a semi-trailer\n\nYou do not need a letter of consent if your trailer is listed in Schedule 2 of the Goods Vehicle (Plating and Testing) Regulations.\n\n## Who needs permission\n\nYou need to get permission if you\u2019re a \u2018final supplier\u2019 of trailers. Final suppliers are:\n\n- trailer manufacturers\n\n- trailer dealers\n\n- importers of new trailers\n\nIf you\u2019re a dealer or importer, you only have to get permission if it has not already been obtained, for example if the trailer was built abroad and the manufacturer did not apply.\n\nWhen you need to get permission depends on when the trailer was put into service in the UK.\n\n| Type of trailer | When you need permission |\n\n| Trailers manufactured in a single stage | From 29 October 2012 |\n\n| Trailers manufactured in multiple stages | From 29 October 2013 |\n\n| Special purpose trailers | From 29 October 2014 |\n\nSpecial purpose trailers include some trailer caravans, boat launching trailers, gritters and towed machinery. Check if your trailer is \u2018special purpose\u2019 by calling the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) helpline.\n\nIt\u2019s an offence to supply or use these trailers without getting permission first and you could be fined.\n\nIf you\u2019re an operator using large goods trailers on the road supplied after the dates above, you do not need to get permission - it should already have been given.\n\nYou can check this by calling the DVSA helpline.\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply using form TES1.\n\nYou might also need to send evidence of vehicle approval depending on when the trailer was manufactured.\n\n| | Manufacture date | Evidence of approval needed |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in single and multiple stages | Up to and including 29 July 2012 | No |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in a single stage | After 29 July 2012 | Yes |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2012 up to and including 29 July 2013 | Partial (at least one element of approval) |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2013 | Yes |\n\n| Special Purpose trailers manufactured in a single stage | After 29 July 2012 | Yes |\n\n| Special Purpose trailers manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2013 | Yes |\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) accepts the following evidence of vehicle approval:\n\n- a European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval (ECWVTA) Certificate of Conformity (CoC)\n\n- a UK National Small Series Type Approval (NSSTA) CoC\n\n- a UK Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) certificate\n\nMore details are in the guidance notes. There is an additional form if you want to apply for consent of multiple trailers.\n\nYou can also get the form and notes from the DVSA helpline:\n\nSend the form and your supporting documents to:\n\n## Apply for a trailer identification number\n\nYou can apply for a trailer identification number (also known as a ministry number) to add to your trailer while it\u2019s still being built.\n\nDo this by submitting the vehicle identification number (VIN) using form TES 2.\n\n## After you apply\n\nOnce DVSA has received your application and confirmed that you meet the requirements you\u2019ll get a \u2018letter of consent to supply\u2019.\n\nIf applicable, you\u2019ll also get ministry plates, provided your approval documents and application give enough technical information.\n\nIf your application is rejected, DVSA will send you a letter explaining the reasons why.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permission-to-supply-a-large-goods-trailer-for-use-on-the-road", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are trailer manufacturing company and our trailers were manufactured after 29th July 2013. We have an evidence of approval from IVA .", + "original_question": "Do we need permission?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1254", + "question": "Scenario: we got a large lot of trailers on auction for a very good price. most of them are older trailers from the late nineties and the early 2000's but a few are from the mid 2010's.\n\nQuestion: do i need to register my trailers ?\n\nDocument - Supply a large goods trailer for use on the road:\n## Overview\n\nYou must apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for permission if you supply large goods trailers for use on the road.\n\nThis is called a \u2018letter of consent\u2019 and applies to \u2018final suppliers\u2019.\n\nYou need a letter of consent if your trailer:\n\n- is for carrying goods and weighs more than 1020kg when it\u2019s not carrying any goods or other items (known as \u2018unladen weight\u2019)\n\n- is a semi-trailer\n\nYou do not need a letter of consent if your trailer is listed in Schedule 2 of the Goods Vehicle (Plating and Testing) Regulations.\n\n## Who needs permission\n\nYou need to get permission if you\u2019re a \u2018final supplier\u2019 of trailers. Final suppliers are:\n\n- trailer manufacturers\n\n- trailer dealers\n\n- importers of new trailers\n\nIf you\u2019re a dealer or importer, you only have to get permission if it has not already been obtained, for example if the trailer was built abroad and the manufacturer did not apply.\n\nWhen you need to get permission depends on when the trailer was put into service in the UK.\n\n| Type of trailer | When you need permission |\n\n| Trailers manufactured in a single stage | From 29 October 2012 |\n\n| Trailers manufactured in multiple stages | From 29 October 2013 |\n\n| Special purpose trailers | From 29 October 2014 |\n\nSpecial purpose trailers include some trailer caravans, boat launching trailers, gritters and towed machinery. Check if your trailer is \u2018special purpose\u2019 by calling the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) helpline.\n\nIt\u2019s an offence to supply or use these trailers without getting permission first and you could be fined.\n\nIf you\u2019re an operator using large goods trailers on the road supplied after the dates above, you do not need to get permission - it should already have been given.\n\nYou can check this by calling the DVSA helpline.\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply using form TES1.\n\nYou might also need to send evidence of vehicle approval depending on when the trailer was manufactured.\n\n| | Manufacture date | Evidence of approval needed |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in single and multiple stages | Up to and including 29 July 2012 | No |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in a single stage | After 29 July 2012 | Yes |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2012 up to and including 29 July 2013 | Partial (at least one element of approval) |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2013 | Yes |\n\n| Special Purpose trailers manufactured in a single stage | After 29 July 2012 | Yes |\n\n| Special Purpose trailers manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2013 | Yes |\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) accepts the following evidence of vehicle approval:\n\n- a European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval (ECWVTA) Certificate of Conformity (CoC)\n\n- a UK National Small Series Type Approval (NSSTA) CoC\n\n- a UK Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) certificate\n\nMore details are in the guidance notes. There is an additional form if you want to apply for consent of multiple trailers.\n\nYou can also get the form and notes from the DVSA helpline:\n\nSend the form and your supporting documents to:\n\n## Apply for a trailer identification number\n\nYou can apply for a trailer identification number (also known as a ministry number) to add to your trailer while it\u2019s still being built.\n\nDo this by submitting the vehicle identification number (VIN) using form TES 2.\n\n## After you apply\n\nOnce DVSA has received your application and confirmed that you meet the requirements you\u2019ll get a \u2018letter of consent to supply\u2019.\n\nIf applicable, you\u2019ll also get ministry plates, provided your approval documents and application give enough technical information.\n\nIf your application is rejected, DVSA will send you a letter explaining the reasons why.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permission-to-supply-a-large-goods-trailer-for-use-on-the-road", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "we got a large lot of trailers on auction for a very good price. most of them are older trailers from the late nineties and the early 2000's but a few are from the mid 2010's.", + "original_question": "do i need to register my trailers ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1255", + "question": "Scenario: we run two businesses: trailer manufacturing and transportation of goods. we have a fleet of both registered and unregistered trailers.\n\nQuestion: can we be fined if we do not register our trailers ?\n\nDocument - Supply a large goods trailer for use on the road:\n## Overview\n\nYou must apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for permission if you supply large goods trailers for use on the road.\n\nThis is called a \u2018letter of consent\u2019 and applies to \u2018final suppliers\u2019.\n\nYou need a letter of consent if your trailer:\n\n- is for carrying goods and weighs more than 1020kg when it\u2019s not carrying any goods or other items (known as \u2018unladen weight\u2019)\n\n- is a semi-trailer\n\nYou do not need a letter of consent if your trailer is listed in Schedule 2 of the Goods Vehicle (Plating and Testing) Regulations.\n\n## Who needs permission\n\nYou need to get permission if you\u2019re a \u2018final supplier\u2019 of trailers. Final suppliers are:\n\n- trailer manufacturers\n\n- trailer dealers\n\n- importers of new trailers\n\nIf you\u2019re a dealer or importer, you only have to get permission if it has not already been obtained, for example if the trailer was built abroad and the manufacturer did not apply.\n\nWhen you need to get permission depends on when the trailer was put into service in the UK.\n\n| Type of trailer | When you need permission |\n\n| Trailers manufactured in a single stage | From 29 October 2012 |\n\n| Trailers manufactured in multiple stages | From 29 October 2013 |\n\n| Special purpose trailers | From 29 October 2014 |\n\nSpecial purpose trailers include some trailer caravans, boat launching trailers, gritters and towed machinery. Check if your trailer is \u2018special purpose\u2019 by calling the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) helpline.\n\nIt\u2019s an offence to supply or use these trailers without getting permission first and you could be fined.\n\nIf you\u2019re an operator using large goods trailers on the road supplied after the dates above, you do not need to get permission - it should already have been given.\n\nYou can check this by calling the DVSA helpline.\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply using form TES1.\n\nYou might also need to send evidence of vehicle approval depending on when the trailer was manufactured.\n\n| | Manufacture date | Evidence of approval needed |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in single and multiple stages | Up to and including 29 July 2012 | No |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in a single stage | After 29 July 2012 | Yes |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2012 up to and including 29 July 2013 | Partial (at least one element of approval) |\n\n| Trailers (not including special purpose) manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2013 | Yes |\n\n| Special Purpose trailers manufactured in a single stage | After 29 July 2012 | Yes |\n\n| Special Purpose trailers manufactured in multiple stages | After 29 July 2013 | Yes |\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) accepts the following evidence of vehicle approval:\n\n- a European Community Whole Vehicle Type Approval (ECWVTA) Certificate of Conformity (CoC)\n\n- a UK National Small Series Type Approval (NSSTA) CoC\n\n- a UK Individual Vehicle Approval (IVA) certificate\n\nMore details are in the guidance notes. There is an additional form if you want to apply for consent of multiple trailers.\n\nYou can also get the form and notes from the DVSA helpline:\n\nSend the form and your supporting documents to:\n\n## Apply for a trailer identification number\n\nYou can apply for a trailer identification number (also known as a ministry number) to add to your trailer while it\u2019s still being built.\n\nDo this by submitting the vehicle identification number (VIN) using form TES 2.\n\n## After you apply\n\nOnce DVSA has received your application and confirmed that you meet the requirements you\u2019ll get a \u2018letter of consent to supply\u2019.\n\nIf applicable, you\u2019ll also get ministry plates, provided your approval documents and application give enough technical information.\n\nIf your application is rejected, DVSA will send you a letter explaining the reasons why.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permission-to-supply-a-large-goods-trailer-for-use-on-the-road", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "we run two businesses: trailer manufacturing and transportation of goods. we have a fleet of both registered and unregistered trailers.", + "original_question": "can we be fined if we do not register our trailers ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1260", + "question": "Scenario: i have a dificult pregnancy and as a result my doctor has recommended that i do not wear a seatbelt when in a vehicle.\n\nQuestion: do i have to wear a seatbelt while pregnant ?\n\nDocument - Seat belts: the law:\n## Overview\n\nYou must wear a seat belt if one is fitted in the seat you\u2019re using - there are only a few exceptions.\n\nYou\u2019re also only allowed 1 person in each seat fitted with a seat belt.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3500 if you don\u2019t wear a seat belt when you\u2019re supposed to.\n\n## Children\n\nYou must make sure that any children in the vehicle you\u2019re driving are:\n\n- in the correct car seat for their height or weight until they reach 135 centimetres tall or their 12th birthday, whichever is first\n\n- wearing a seat belt if they\u2019re 12 or 13 years old, or younger and over 135cm tall\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3500 if a child under 14 isn\u2019t in the correct car seat or wearing a seat belt while you\u2019re driving.\n\n## When you don't need to wear a seat belt\n\nYou don\u2019t need to wear a seat belt if you\u2019re:\n\n- a driver who is reversing, or supervising a learner driver who is reversing\n\n- in a vehicle being used for police, fire and rescue services\n\n- a passenger in a trade vehicle and you\u2019re investigating a fault\n\n- driving a goods vehicle on deliveries that is travelling no more than 50 metres between stops\n\n- a licensed taxi driver who is \u2018plying for hire\u2019 or carrying passengers\n\n## Medical exemptions\n\nYour doctor may say you don\u2019t have to wear a seat belt for a medical reason. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018Certificate of Exemption from Compulsory Seat Belt Wearing\u2019. You must:\n\n- keep this in your vehicle\n\n- show it to the police if you\u2019re stopped\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to tell your car insurer.\n\nTalk to your doctor for more information and read \u2018medical exemptions from compulsory seat belt wearing\u2019.\n\n## Wearing a seat belt while pregnant\n\nYou must wear a seat belt if you\u2019re pregnant, unless your doctor says you don\u2019t have to for medical reasons.\n\n## Wearing a seat belt if you\u2019re disabled\n\nYou must wear a seat belt if you\u2019re a disabled driver or passenger, unless you don\u2019t have to for medical reasons. You may need to adapt your vehicle.\n\n## If your vehicle doesn\u2019t have seat belts\n\nIf your vehicle doesn\u2019t have seat belts, for example it\u2019s a classic car, you aren\u2019t allowed to carry any children under 3 years old in it.\n\nChildren over 3 are only allowed to sit in the back seats.\n\nThese rules only apply if your vehicle was originally made without seat belts.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seat-belts-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "i have a dificult pregnancy and as a result my doctor has recommended that i do not wear a seatbelt when in a vehicle.", + "original_question": "do i have to wear a seatbelt while pregnant ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1261", + "question": "Scenario: i received a \u00a3500 fine because my eleven year old child was not in a car seat. the child was however wearing their seatbelt.\n\nQuestion: can i receive a fine if my child is not in a car seat ?\n\nDocument - Seat belts: the law:\n## Overview\n\nYou must wear a seat belt if one is fitted in the seat you\u2019re using - there are only a few exceptions.\n\nYou\u2019re also only allowed 1 person in each seat fitted with a seat belt.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3500 if you don\u2019t wear a seat belt when you\u2019re supposed to.\n\n## Children\n\nYou must make sure that any children in the vehicle you\u2019re driving are:\n\n- in the correct car seat for their height or weight until they reach 135 centimetres tall or their 12th birthday, whichever is first\n\n- wearing a seat belt if they\u2019re 12 or 13 years old, or younger and over 135cm tall\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3500 if a child under 14 isn\u2019t in the correct car seat or wearing a seat belt while you\u2019re driving.\n\n## When you don't need to wear a seat belt\n\nYou don\u2019t need to wear a seat belt if you\u2019re:\n\n- a driver who is reversing, or supervising a learner driver who is reversing\n\n- in a vehicle being used for police, fire and rescue services\n\n- a passenger in a trade vehicle and you\u2019re investigating a fault\n\n- driving a goods vehicle on deliveries that is travelling no more than 50 metres between stops\n\n- a licensed taxi driver who is \u2018plying for hire\u2019 or carrying passengers\n\n## Medical exemptions\n\nYour doctor may say you don\u2019t have to wear a seat belt for a medical reason. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018Certificate of Exemption from Compulsory Seat Belt Wearing\u2019. You must:\n\n- keep this in your vehicle\n\n- show it to the police if you\u2019re stopped\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to tell your car insurer.\n\nTalk to your doctor for more information and read \u2018medical exemptions from compulsory seat belt wearing\u2019.\n\n## Wearing a seat belt while pregnant\n\nYou must wear a seat belt if you\u2019re pregnant, unless your doctor says you don\u2019t have to for medical reasons.\n\n## Wearing a seat belt if you\u2019re disabled\n\nYou must wear a seat belt if you\u2019re a disabled driver or passenger, unless you don\u2019t have to for medical reasons. You may need to adapt your vehicle.\n\n## If your vehicle doesn\u2019t have seat belts\n\nIf your vehicle doesn\u2019t have seat belts, for example it\u2019s a classic car, you aren\u2019t allowed to carry any children under 3 years old in it.\n\nChildren over 3 are only allowed to sit in the back seats.\n\nThese rules only apply if your vehicle was originally made without seat belts.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seat-belts-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "i received a \u00a3500 fine because my eleven year old child was not in a car seat. the child was however wearing their seatbelt.", + "original_question": "can i receive a fine if my child is not in a car seat ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1263", + "question": "Scenario: I run a haulage company and we are thinking of recruiting some new staff. Whilst we would obvious prefer people who already have a HGV licence we would not rule out hiring inexperienced drivers\n\nQuestion: would it be possible for us to train unqualified drivers ourselves?\n\nDocument - Provide driving tests for your employees:\n## Who can provide driving tests\n\nDriving tests are usually provided by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA).\n\nYou can apply to DVSA for permission for your own staff to provide driving tests for your employees if you\u2019re a:\n\n- bus or haulage operating licence holder\n\n- police service\n\n- fire and rescue service\n\nYour staff providing driving tests will be known as \u2018delegated driving examiners\u2019.\n\n## Tests that can be provided\n\nDelegated driving examiners are allowed to provide theory and practical driving tests for drivers of:\n\n- lorries\n\n- buses and coaches\n\n- cars and trailers\n\n- emergency service vehicles\n\n## Lorry, bus and coach companies\n\nDelegated driving examiners working for lorry, bus and coach companies can test:\n\n- an employee\n\n- an employee of a sister company\n\nAs a delegated driving examiner, you cannot test someone you\u2019ve trained.\n\n## Emergency services\n\nDelegated driving examiners working for police services and fire and rescue services can test:\n\n- an employee\n\n- an employee from the same type of service in a different area\n\nThe same delegated driving examiner can provide tests for both a police service and a fire and rescue service, but both must appoint them with DVSA.\n\n## Rules for your driving examiners\n\nWhen deciding whether to give permission for someone to provide driving tests, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) looks at if they:\n\n- have a full driving licence for the type of vehicle they\u2019re testing in\n\n- have had any convictions in the last 3 years\n\n- have been disqualified from driving\n\n- have any court proceedings pending against them\n\n- have any penalty points on their licence\n\n## Qualifying as a delegated driving examiner\n\nYour employees must then:\n\n- complete an initial training course\n\n- reach an appropriate standard in the delegated driving examiner theory and practical tests\n\nDVSA will send you more information about the qualifying process when you apply to provide driving tests.\n\n## Apply to provide driving tests\n\nYou must email the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get permission to provide driving tests.\n\nYou cannot currently contact DVSA by telephone or post because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou must include information about your organisation, the tests you want to provide, and the people you want to appoint as delegated driving examiners.\n\n## Your organisation\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- the full name of the organisation\n\n- the registered address or headquarters address (if you\u2019re not a registered company)\n\n- a copy of your certificate of incorporation if you\u2019re a registered company\n\n- a copy of your operator licence (if you have one)\n\n- the name, position and contact details of the main contact in your organisation for driving tests\n\n- confirmation that you, as the person submitting the application, is an approved signatory for the purposes of the application\n\n## The tests you want to provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- details of the locations at which testing would take place\n\n- the categories of tests you want to provide, for example, \u2018category D - bus\u2019\n\n- the type of tests you want to provide, for example, licence acquisition theory test, licence acquisition practical test and so on\n\n- details of where the records about the tests would be stored\n\n- an estimate of the minimum number of tests you\u2019ll provide in the 12 months following your approval\n\n## The people you want to appoint as examiners\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include the full names and driving licence numbers of the people you want to appoint as delegated driving examiners.\n\n## When DVSA gets your application\n\nDVSA will tell you its decision about your application within 10 working days.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get information about:\n\n- the qualifying process\n\n- the detailed rules about providing theory and practical driving tests\n\n- the detailed rules about recording tests that you provide\n\nYou can email DVSA if you need more information.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/provide-driving-tests-for-your-employees", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a haulage company and we are thinking of recruiting some new staff. Whilst we would obvious prefer people who already have a HGV licence we would not rule out hiring inexperienced drivers", + "original_question": "would it be possible for us to train unqualified drivers ourselves?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1264", + "question": "Scenario: My fifteen year old son was recently arrested for shoplifting and the store owner is pressing charges. We have been unable to find out any further information as to what is likely to happen.\n\nQuestion: Will my son be brought before a jury?\n\nDocument - Criminal courts:\n## Magistrates' courts\n\nAll criminal cases start in a magistrates\u2019 court.\n\nCases are heard by either:\n\n- 2 or 3 magistrates\n\n- a district judge\n\nThere is not a jury in a magistrates\u2019 court.\n\n## Cases a magistrates\u2019 court deals with\n\nA magistrates\u2019 court normally handles cases known as \u2018summary offences\u2019, for example:\n\n- most motoring offences\n\n- minor criminal damage\n\n- common assault (not causing significant injury)\n\nIt can also deal with some of the more serious offences, such as:\n\n- burglary\n\n- drugs offences\n\nThese are called \u2018either way\u2019 offences and can be heard either in a magistrates\u2019 court or a Crown Court.\n\nFind your local magistrates\u2019 court.\n\n## Cases that magistrates pass to the Crown Court\n\nMagistrates\u2019 courts always pass the most serious crimes to the Crown Court, for example:\n\n- murder\n\n- rape\n\n- robbery\n\nThese are known as \u2018indictable offences\u2019.\n\n## Being kept in custody or granted bail\n\nIn some cases the magistrates\u2019 court will decide if you should be kept in custody until your next court hearing, or released on bail.\n\nThis may happen if:\n\n- another court hearing is needed\n\n- the court needs more information before passing sentence\n\n- your case is passed to the Crown Court for trial or sentencing\n\nIf you\u2019re released on bail, you might have to follow strict conditions such as keeping away from certain people or places, staying indoors or wearing a tag.\n\nIf you do not attend court after being granted bail, you can be put in prison.\n\n## Sentences a magistrates\u2019 court can give\n\nThe court can give punishments including:\n\n- up to 6 months in prison (or up to 12 months in total for more than one offence)\n\n- a fine\n\n- a community sentence, like doing unpaid work in the community\n\n- a ban, for example from driving or keeping an animal\n\nCourts can also give a combination of punishments - for example a fine and unpaid work in the community.\n\nIf the court decides your sentence should be for longer than 6 months, it can pass your case to the Crown Court for sentencing.\n\n## Appealing a sentence or conviction\n\nIf you disagree with verdict of the magistrates\u2019 court, you may be able to appeal.\n\n## Crown Court\n\n## Types of cases the Crown Court deals with\n\nA Crown Court deals with serious criminal cases, for example:\n\n- murder\n\n- rape\n\n- robbery\n\nIt also deals with:\n\n- appeals against a magistrates\u2019 court conviction or sentence\n\n- cases passed from a magistrates\u2019 court for trial or sentencing\n\nFind a Crown Court.\n\nYou can see what cases a court is hearing each day and check their progress on the court lists.\n\n## Who does what in the court\n\nA Crown Court:\n\n- normally has a jury - which decides if you\u2019re guilty or not\n\n- has a judge - who decides what sentence you get\n\nYour solicitor (if you have one) can explain what happens in court - the judge and court staff will also give instructions about the trial.\n\n## Sentences a Crown Court can give\n\nA Crown Court can give a range of sentences including:\n\n- community sentences\n\n- prison sentences - including life sentences\n\n## Appealing a sentence or conviction\n\nIf you disagree with the Crown Court\u2019s verdict, you may be able to appeal.\n\n## Youth courts\n\nA youth court is a special type of magistrates\u2019 court for people aged between 10 and 17.\n\nA youth court has either:\n\n- 3 magistrates\n\n- a district judge\n\nThere is not a jury in a youth court.\n\nYour parent or guardian must come with you:\n\n- if you\u2019re under 16\n\n- if you\u2019re 16 to 17 and they\u2019re given a court order\n\n## How youth courts are different from adult courts\n\nYouth courts are less formal than adult courts, for example:\n\n- members of the public are not allowed in to the court (unless they get permission)\n\n- you are called by your first name\n\n## Types of cases a youth court deals with\n\nA youth court deals with cases like:\n\n- theft and burglary\n\n- anti-social behaviour\n\n- drugs offences\n\nFor serious crimes, like murder or rape, the case starts in the youth court but will be passed to a Crown Court.\n\n## Sentences a youth court can give\n\nThe court can give a range of sentences including:\n\n- community sentences\n\n- Detention and Training Orders carried out in secure centres for young people\n\n## Appealing a sentence\n\nIf you disagree with the court\u2019s verdict, you may be able to appeal. Court staff can give you information on how to appeal.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/courts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My fifteen year old son was recently arrested for shoplifting and the store owner is pressing charges. We have been unable to find out any further information as to what is likely to happen.", + "original_question": "Will my son be brought before a jury?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1266", + "question": "Scenario: I am a small business owner and have just started my business. We are just about to hire our first employee and I am getting set up to pay the required income taxes. I initially registered as an employer with HMRC using a paper form.\n\nQuestion: Can I access PAYE online?\n\nDocument - PAYE Online for employers:\n## Using PAYE Online\n\nAs an employer, you need to use HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) PAYE Online service to:\n\n- check what you owe HMRC\n\n- pay your bill\n\n- see your payment history\n\n- access tax codes and notices about your employees\n\n- appeal a penalty\n\n- get alerts from HMRC when you report or pay late, or do not send the expected number of reports in a month\n\n- send expenses and benefits returns such as P46 (car), P11D and P11D(b)\n\nOnline services may be slow during busy times. Check if there are any problems with this service.\n\nSign in\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Before you start\n\nMost new employers get a login when they register as an employer online. If you do not have a login because you registered in a different way you\u2019ll need to enrol for PAYE Online separately.\n\n## Tax codes and notices\n\nHMRC sends you information about your employees through PAYE Online. You can log in to view:\n\n- tax code notices (P6 and P9)\n\n- student loan notices (SL1 and SL2)\n\n- National Insurance verification notices (NVR and NOT)\n\n- late reporting and late payment alerts (HMRC call these \u2018generic notifications\u2019)\n\nYou can also access these through some payroll software, or by using the PAYE Desktop Viewer.\n\n## Enrol if you did not register online\n\nYou only need to enrol separately for HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) PAYE Online service if you did not get a login when you registered as an employer - this is usually because you did not register online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your PAYE reference and Accounts Office reference - these are included in the letter from HMRC confirming your registration.\n\n## Enrol for PAYE Online\n\nHow you enrol depends on whether you already have an online account for other taxes, for example Corporation Tax or Self Assessment.\n\n## You already have an account\n\nSign in to your account and select \u2018PAYE for employers\u2019 from the list.\n\n## You do not have an account\n\nEnrol as a new business account holder and select \u2018Add a tax to your account\u2019 on the \u2018Business tax summary\u2019 page. You will then be able to add PAYE for employers.\n\n## PAYE Desktop Viewer\n\nPAYE Desktop Viewer is an application from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that allows you to view, search and sort large numbers of employee tax codes and notices.\n\nYou can also use it to download notices and view them offline instead of accessing them through HMRC\u2019s PAYE Online service, or your payroll software if it includes this feature.\n\n## Download PAYE Desktop Viewer", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-online", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a small business owner and have just started my business. We are just about to hire our first employee and I am getting set up to pay the required income taxes. I initially registered as an employer with HMRC using a paper form.", + "original_question": "Can I access PAYE online?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1269", + "question": "Scenario: My father wants to buy land in the countryside to build a family home. He got a nice offer of land which was previously a landfill.\n\nQuestion: Can this count as a contaminated land?\n\nDocument - Contaminated land:\n## Overview\n\nLand can be contaminated by things like:\n\n- heavy metals, such as arsenic, cadmium and lead\n\n- oils and tars\n\n- chemical substances and preparations, like solvents\n\n- gases\n\n- asbestos\n\n- radioactive substances\n\n## What counts as contaminated land\n\nLand is legally defined as \u2018contaminated land\u2019 where substances are causing or could cause:\n\n- significant harm to people, property or protected species\n\n- significant pollution of surface waters (for example lakes and rivers) or groundwater\n\n- harm to people as a result of radioactivity\n\nContaminated land may previously have been used as a:\n\n- factory\n\n- mine\n\n- steel mill\n\n- refinery\n\n- landfill\n\n## Special sites\n\nSome types of contaminated land are classed as \u2018special sites\u2019. This includes land that:\n\n- seriously affects drinking waters, surface waters or important groundwater sources\n\n- has been, or is being, used for certain industrial activities, such as oil refining or making explosives\n\n- is being or has been regulated using a permit issued under the integrated pollution control or pollution prevention and control regimes\n\n- has been used to get rid of waste acid tars\n\n- is owned or occupied by the Ministry of Defence\n\n- is contaminated by radioactivity\n\n- is a nuclear site\n\nThe Environment Agency has technical guidance on special sites.\n\nOnce a local council has decided that an area is a special site, it is regulated by:\n\n- the Environment Agency in England\n\n- Natural Resources Wales in Wales\n\n- the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) in Scotland\n\n## Who decides if land is contaminated\n\nYour local council or an environment agency will decide if your land is contaminated.\n\nYour land could be investigated for a number of reasons, including when:\n\n- land is sold, let, used or otherwise transferred\n\n- land is proposed for development\n\n- local councils inspect land in their area\n\n- an application is made for an environmental permit or other licence\n\n- land is polluted\n\nContact your local council if you believe your land is contaminated.\n\n## Dealing with contamination\n\nThe rules for who\u2019s responsible for contamination and how to deal with it depend on whether the land is legally considered \u2018contaminated land\u2019.\n\n## If the land counts as contaminated land\n\nIf the land is legally considered \u2018contaminated land\u2019, the person who caused or allowed the contamination to happen is responsible for dealing with it, unless:\n\n- they can\u2019t be identified\n\n- the local council or environment agency investigating the issue decides they\u2019re exempt\n\nThe council or agency will then decide who\u2019s responsible for dealing with it instead. This may be the landowner, or the person who uses the land.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe council or agency will:\n\n- decide how the land should be dealt with\n\n- ask the responsible person to deal with the contamination\n\n- tell them how they should take care of it (clean it up or fence it off, for example)\n\nIf the person doesn\u2019t deal with the contamination, the council or agency will send a \u2018remediation notice\u2019, telling them when they must take care of it by.\n\nYou can agree a voluntary scheme with the council or agency if you\u2019re responsible for part or all of the clean up. You must tell them what steps you\u2019ll take to clean up the land.\n\n## If the land doesn\u2019t count as contaminated land\n\nIf the land isn\u2019t legally considered \u2018contaminated land\u2019, you could be responsible for dealing with the contamination if you\u2019re:\n\n- responsible for causing it\n\n- the landowner\n\nYou may face legal action if you don\u2019t deal with contamination that you\u2019re responsible for. Find out how to manage contamination on your land.\n\n## If you\u2019re developing the land\n\nYou\u2019ll have to deal with the contamination either:\n\n- before you get planning permission\n\n- as part of the development\n\nContact your local council to check what you must do to make sure the land is suitable for your proposed development.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/contaminated-land", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father wants to buy land in the countryside to build a family home. He got a nice offer of land which was previously a landfill.", + "original_question": "Can this count as a contaminated land?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1271", + "question": "Scenario: my twelve year old daughter was recently caught shoplifting along with her friends and she is now in police custody.\n\nQuestion: will my twelve year old daughter have to go to court ?\n\nDocument - Being charged with a crime:\n## Overview\n\nIf you are charged with a crime you will be given a \u2018charge sheet\u2019. This sets out the details of the crime you are being charged with.\n\nThe police will decide if you:\n\n- can go home until the court hearing - but may have to follow certain rules, known as \u2018bail\u2019\n\n- are kept in police custody until you are taken to court for your hearing\n\nYour first court hearing after you are charged with a crime will be at a magistrates\u2019 court - even if your trial will be at a Crown Court later on.\n\nIf you\u2019re charged with a minor offence your case could be decided without going to court (\u2018single justice procedure\u2019). If you get a single justice procedure notice you must respond within 21 days.\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Young people\n\nIf you\u2019re under 18, your first hearing will usually be at a youth court.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 17, the police must arrange for you to be held in local authority accommodation, if possible, before you go to court.\n\nIf you\u2019re aged 12 to 16, the police can decide to keep you at the police station if they think it will protect the public.\n\n## Bail\n\nYou can be released on bail at the police station after you\u2019ve been charged. This means you will be able to go home until your court hearing.\n\nIf you are given bail, you might have to agree to conditions like:\n\n- living at a particular address\n\n- not contacting certain people\n\n- giving your passport to the police so you cannot leave the UK\n\n- reporting to a police station at agreed times, for example once a week\n\nIf you do not stick to these conditions you can be arrested again and be taken to prison to wait for your court hearing.\n\nWhen you attend your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court you might be given bail again until your trial begins.\n\n## Reasons you may not be given bail\n\nYou\u2019re unlikely to be given bail if:\n\n- you are charged with a serious offence, for example armed robbery\n\n- you\u2019ve been convicted of a serious crime in the past\n\n- you\u2019ve been given bail in the past and not stuck to the terms\n\n- the police think you may not turn up for your hearing\n\n- the police think you might commit a crime while you\u2019re on bail\n\n## Remand\n\nIf the court decides to put you on remand it means you will go to prison until your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court.\n\nIf you are under 18 you will be taken to a secure centre for young people, not an adult prison.\n\nYou will probably be put on remand if:\n\n- you have been charged with a serious crime, for example armed robbery\n\n- you have been convicted of a serious crime in the past\n\n- the police think you may not go to your court hearing\n\n- the police think you may commit another crime while on bail\n\n- you have been given bail before and not stuck to the terms\n\nWhen you attend your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court, you might be put on remand again until your trial begins, even if you were previously given bail.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charged-crime", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "my twelve year old daughter was recently caught shoplifting along with her friends and she is now in police custody.", + "original_question": "will my twelve year old daughter have to go to court ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1272", + "question": "Scenario: my husband was charged with a hit and run. he was denied bail because he did not stick to the terms of his previous bail.\n\nQuestion: Is it likely my husband will get a bail?\n\nDocument - Being charged with a crime:\n## Overview\n\nIf you are charged with a crime you will be given a \u2018charge sheet\u2019. This sets out the details of the crime you are being charged with.\n\nThe police will decide if you:\n\n- can go home until the court hearing - but may have to follow certain rules, known as \u2018bail\u2019\n\n- are kept in police custody until you are taken to court for your hearing\n\nYour first court hearing after you are charged with a crime will be at a magistrates\u2019 court - even if your trial will be at a Crown Court later on.\n\nIf you\u2019re charged with a minor offence your case could be decided without going to court (\u2018single justice procedure\u2019). If you get a single justice procedure notice you must respond within 21 days.\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Young people\n\nIf you\u2019re under 18, your first hearing will usually be at a youth court.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 17, the police must arrange for you to be held in local authority accommodation, if possible, before you go to court.\n\nIf you\u2019re aged 12 to 16, the police can decide to keep you at the police station if they think it will protect the public.\n\n## Bail\n\nYou can be released on bail at the police station after you\u2019ve been charged. This means you will be able to go home until your court hearing.\n\nIf you are given bail, you might have to agree to conditions like:\n\n- living at a particular address\n\n- not contacting certain people\n\n- giving your passport to the police so you cannot leave the UK\n\n- reporting to a police station at agreed times, for example once a week\n\nIf you do not stick to these conditions you can be arrested again and be taken to prison to wait for your court hearing.\n\nWhen you attend your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court you might be given bail again until your trial begins.\n\n## Reasons you may not be given bail\n\nYou\u2019re unlikely to be given bail if:\n\n- you are charged with a serious offence, for example armed robbery\n\n- you\u2019ve been convicted of a serious crime in the past\n\n- you\u2019ve been given bail in the past and not stuck to the terms\n\n- the police think you may not turn up for your hearing\n\n- the police think you might commit a crime while you\u2019re on bail\n\n## Remand\n\nIf the court decides to put you on remand it means you will go to prison until your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court.\n\nIf you are under 18 you will be taken to a secure centre for young people, not an adult prison.\n\nYou will probably be put on remand if:\n\n- you have been charged with a serious crime, for example armed robbery\n\n- you have been convicted of a serious crime in the past\n\n- the police think you may not go to your court hearing\n\n- the police think you may commit another crime while on bail\n\n- you have been given bail before and not stuck to the terms\n\nWhen you attend your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court, you might be put on remand again until your trial begins, even if you were previously given bail.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charged-crime", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "my husband was charged with a hit and run. he was denied bail because he did not stick to the terms of his previous bail.", + "original_question": "Is it likely my husband will get a bail?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1273", + "question": "Scenario: Good morning. i am working from 8pm to 2 am in. my job at a club. I am paid the minimum wage for this.\n\nQuestion: Am i entitled to a higher rate of pay due to working in the night?\n\nDocument - Night working hours:\n## Hours and limits\n\nStaff who regularly work at least 3 hours during the \u2018night period\u2019 are night workers.\n\nThe night period is 11pm to 6am, unless the worker and employer agree a different night period.\n\nIf they do, it must be 7 hours long and include midnight to 5am. It must be agreed in writing.\n\nStaff may also be night workers if there\u2019s a collective agreement (for example, trade union agreement) that states their work is night work.\n\n## National Minimum Wage\n\nThe National Minimum Wage applies to night workers but there is not a higher night working rate.\n\n## Sleep-in shifts\n\nThe number of hours that workers get paid the National Minimum Wage depends on whether they\u2019re expected to sleep or work for most of their shift.\n\nWorkers who are expected to sleep for most of a sleep-in shift (for example, a care worker), and are provided with suitable sleeping facilities, will only get the National Minimum Wage for the periods when they\u2019re awake to perform tasks.\n\nWorkers who are expected to work for most of a shift will get the National Minimum Wage for their whole shift, even if they\u2019re allowed to sleep between tasks.\n\n## Limits on working hours for night workers\n\nAdditional rules apply to night workers on top of the rules on maximum weekly working hours and rest breaks.\n\nNight workers must not work more than an average of 8 hours in a 24-hour period.\n\nThe average is usually calculated over 17 weeks, but it can be over a longer period of up to 52 weeks if the workers and the employer agree - for example, by collective agreement.\n\nRegular overtime is included in the average, but not occasional overtime.\n\nWorkers cannot opt out of the limit.\n\n## Workers aged 16 or 17\n\nStaff aged 16 or 17 cannot work between midnight and 4am.\n\nThey usually cannot work between 10pm and 6am (this can be changed to not working between 11pm and 7am, by contract) but there are exceptions if they work in:\n\n- agriculture\n\n- cultural, sporting, artistic or advertising activities\n\n- a hospital\n\n- a hotel or catering\n\n- retail\n\n- post or newspaper delivery\n\nIn exceptional circumstances they can work at night if there\u2019s no adult to do the work and they\u2019re needed to either:\n\n- handle a sudden increase in demand\n\n- maintain the continuity of a service or production - for example, filming\n\nThe employer must give the young person a rest period of the same length as the extended shift.\n\nThere are other restrictions on employing young people.\n\n## Special hazards and mental or physical strain\n\nNight workers who deal with special hazards or whose work involves mental or physical strain cannot work longer than 8 hours in any 24-hour period.\n\nA risk assessment must be carried out to identify special hazards and work involving mental or physical strain.\n\nThe hazards and strains may also be set out in collective or workforce agreements.\n\n## What employers must do\n\nEmployers must keep records of night workers\u2019 working hours to show they are not exceeding the limits.\n\nThe records must be kept for at least 2 years.\n\nContact Acas for more information.\n\nYou cannot discriminate against a worker if they do not want to work nights.\n\n## Exceptions to night work limits\n\nThe limits on night working hours do not usually apply:\n\n- in the armed forces and emergency services\n\n- to domestic staff employed in a private house\n\n- when people can choose how long they work - for example, company executives or freelancers\n\nThe limits on night working hours do not apply:\n\n- in jobs that need round-the-clock staffing, like hospital work\n\n- in an industry with busy peak periods, like agriculture, retail, tourism, security and surveillance\n\n- if there\u2019s an emergency or an accident\n\n- if a member of staff has to travel a long distance from home to work or constantly works in different places\n\n- if a collective or workforce agreement excludes or changes the restriction on night work\n\nDifferent rules apply to workers in road, sea and air transport.\n\n## Rest breaks if night work limits do not apply\n\nWorkers must get \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 instead of a normal working week with breaks during the day.\n\nCompensatory rest is a minimum of 90 hours rest per week on average.\n\nEmployers must also follow the general rules on working hours.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure whether these exceptions apply in your situation, contact Acas.\n\n## Health assessments\n\nEmployers must offer workers a free health assessment before they become a night worker. Workers do not have to accept.\n\nThe assessment must be written by a qualified health professional. It can be a questionnaire.\n\nEmployers must take into account that night work might increase a worker\u2019s stress levels.\n\nThe worker must get a follow-up examination by a health professional when an employer is unsure if the worker is fit for night work.\n\nA repeat assessment must be offered regularly.\n\nThe employer must offer suitable other work where possible if a worker has health problems that a doctor says are related to night work.\n\n## Keep records\n\nEmployers must keep confidential records of:\n\n- the health assessments (keep for 2 years)\n\n- dates when assessments were offered (if a worker did not want one)", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/night-working-hours", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Good morning. i am working from 8pm to 2 am in. my job at a club. I am paid the minimum wage for this.", + "original_question": "Am i entitled to a higher rate of pay due to working in the night?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1276", + "question": "Scenario: I am a non UK national and I would like to apply for a Nursing job in the U.K. I am a registered healthcare professional and I want to compare my country's qualifications with the U.K. standards.\n\nQuestion: Is there a link which i can follow?\n\nDocument - What qualification levels mean:\n## Overview\n\nMost qualifications have a difficulty level. The higher the level, the more difficult the qualification is.\n\nIf you need to know the level of a qualification, you can:\n\n- see a list of qualification levels in England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\n- use the Register of Regulated Qualifications - if you know the name of the qualification and the exam board that runs it\n\n- compare qualification levels from other countries\n\nQualifications at the same level sometimes cover different amounts of the same subject.\n\n## Help\n\nContact the National Careers Service for advice about qualification levels if you\u2019re in England.\n\nFor the rest of the UK, contact:\n\n- Skills Development Scotland\n\n- Careers Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland Direct\n\n## England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nThere are 9 qualification levels.\n\n## Entry level\n\nEach entry level qualification is available at three sub-levels - 1, 2 and 3. Entry level 3 is the most difficult.\n\nEntry level qualifications are:\n\n- entry level award\n\n- entry level certificate (ELC)\n\n- entry level diploma\n\n- entry level English for speakers of other languages (ESOL)\n\n- entry level essential skills\n\n- entry level functional skills\n\n- Skills for Life\n\n## Level 1\n\nLevel 1 qualifications are:\n\n- first certificate\n\n- GCSE - grades 3, 2, 1 or grades D, E, F, G\n\n- level 1 award\n\n- level 1 certificate\n\n- level 1 diploma\n\n- level 1 ESOL\n\n- level 1 essential skills\n\n- level 1 functional skills\n\n- level 1 national vocational qualification (NVQ)\n\n- music grades 1, 2 and 3\n\n## Level 2\n\nLevel 2 qualifications are:\n\n- CSE - grade 1\n\n- GCSE - grades 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 or grades A*, A, B, C\n\n- intermediate apprenticeship\n\n- level 2 award\n\n- level 2 certificate\n\n- level 2 diploma\n\n- level 2 ESOL\n\n- level 2 essential skills\n\n- level 2 functional skills\n\n- level 2 national certificate\n\n- level 2 national diploma\n\n- level 2 NVQ\n\n- music grades 4 and 5\n\n- O level - grade A, B or C\n\n## Level 3\n\nLevel 3 qualifications are:\n\n- A level\n\n- access to higher education diploma\n\n- advanced apprenticeship\n\n- applied general\n\n- AS level\n\n- international Baccalaureate diploma\n\n- level 3 award\n\n- level 3 certificate\n\n- level 3 diploma\n\n- level 3 ESOL\n\n- level 3 national certificate\n\n- level 3 national diploma\n\n- level 3 NVQ\n\n- music grades 6, 7 and 8\n\n- tech level\n\n## Level 4\n\nLevel 4 qualifications are:\n\n- certificate of higher education (CertHE)\n\n- higher apprenticeship\n\n- higher national certificate (HNC)\n\n- level 4 award\n\n- level 4 certificate\n\n- level 4 diploma\n\n- level 4 NVQ\n\n## Level 5\n\nLevel 5 qualifications are:\n\n- diploma of higher education (DipHE)\n\n- foundation degree\n\n- higher national diploma (HND)\n\n- level 5 award\n\n- level 5 certificate\n\n- level 5 diploma\n\n- level 5 NVQ\n\n## Level 6\n\nLevel 6 qualifications are:\n\n- degree apprenticeship\n\n- degree with honours - for example bachelor of the arts (BA) hons, bachelor of science (BSc) hons\n\n- graduate certificate\n\n- graduate diploma\n\n- level 6 award\n\n- level 6 certificate\n\n- level 6 diploma\n\n- level 6 NVQ\n\n- ordinary degree without honours\n\n## Level 7\n\nLevel 7 qualifications are:\n\n- integrated master\u2019s degree, for example master of engineering (MEng)\n\n- level 7 award\n\n- level 7 certificate\n\n- level 7 diploma\n\n- level 7 NVQ\n\n- master\u2019s degree, for example master of arts (MA), master of science (MSc)\n\n- postgraduate certificate\n\n- postgraduate certificate in education (PGCE)\n\n- postgraduate diploma\n\n## Level 8\n\nLevel 8 qualifications are:\n\n- doctorate, for example doctor of philosophy (PhD or DPhil)\n\n- level 8 award\n\n- level 8 certificate\n\n- level 8 diploma\n\n## Other countries\n\nQualifications outside England, Wales and Northern Ireland use different level systems.\n\n## Scotland\n\nYou can compare qualifications in Scotland with those in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Outside the UK\n\nYou can:\n\n- compare European qualifications\n\n- contact the UK National Academic Recognition Information Centre (UK NARIC) to compare a UK qualification with any non-UK qualification - there\u2019s a fee for this", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-different-qualification-levels-mean", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a non UK national and I would like to apply for a Nursing job in the U.K. I am a registered healthcare professional and I want to compare my country's qualifications with the U.K. standards.", + "original_question": "Is there a link which i can follow?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1277", + "question": "Scenario: I am a franchised car dealer and service centre for a major motor manufacturer, who is recognised as a speed limiter sponsor by the DVSA. I wish to add speed limiter installation to the list of services offered by my on-site workshop.\n\nQuestion: Can the vehicle manufacturer approve me for this directly, or do I need to apply to the DVSA?\n\nDocument - Becoming a speed limiter centre:\n## Overview\n\nA speed limiter centre installs or adjusts devices that limit how fast a vehicle can go.\n\nUsually, only existing vehicle dealerships will become a speed limiter centre.\n\nIf you want to become a speed limiter centre, you\u2019ll need to get either:\n\n- approval from the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become an independent centre\n\n- sponsored by a DVSA approved vehicle or speed limiter maker\n\n## Independent centres\n\nFill in the application form and send it to DVSA.\n\n## Inspections\n\nDVSA will inspect your premises, facilities and staff before approving your speed limiter centre.\n\n## Approval\n\nYou\u2019ll receive an authorisation letter from DVSA if your independent speed limiter centre is approved.\n\n## Sponsored centres\n\nYou\u2019ll need to be a sponsored vehicle dealership to become a sponsored speed limiter centre.\n\n## Sponsors\n\nSponsors are DVSA-approved makers or suppliers of either:\n\n- vehicles\n\n- speed limiters\n\nOnce approved, sponsors are able to approve vehicle dealerships they already work with that want to become speed limiter centres.\n\n## Get sponsored\n\nContact the sponsors of your vehicle dealership to ask them if you can become a sponsored speed limiter centre.\n\nYou can have more than 1 sponsor.\n\n## Inspections\n\nSponsors carry out regular checks on their approved agents equipment and also provide them with:\n\n- training\n\n- technical support\n\n- new equipment and software\n\n## Approval\n\nYou\u2019ll receive an authorisation letter from your sponsor if they approve you as a sponsored speed limiter centre.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/becoming-a-speed-limiter-centre", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a franchised car dealer and service centre for a major motor manufacturer, who is recognised as a speed limiter sponsor by the DVSA. I wish to add speed limiter installation to the list of services offered by my on-site workshop.", + "original_question": "Can the vehicle manufacturer approve me for this directly, or do I need to apply to the DVSA?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1278", + "question": "Scenario: I run an independent (non-franchised) vehicle service and maintenance centre, which also offers MOT Testing onsite. I am interested in offering speed limiter installation to some of my larger fleet customers.\n\nQuestion: Are there other possible ways to become an independent speed limiter centre other than applying to the DVSA ?\n\nDocument - Becoming a speed limiter centre:\n## Overview\n\nA speed limiter centre installs or adjusts devices that limit how fast a vehicle can go.\n\nUsually, only existing vehicle dealerships will become a speed limiter centre.\n\nIf you want to become a speed limiter centre, you\u2019ll need to get either:\n\n- approval from the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become an independent centre\n\n- sponsored by a DVSA approved vehicle or speed limiter maker\n\n## Independent centres\n\nFill in the application form and send it to DVSA.\n\n## Inspections\n\nDVSA will inspect your premises, facilities and staff before approving your speed limiter centre.\n\n## Approval\n\nYou\u2019ll receive an authorisation letter from DVSA if your independent speed limiter centre is approved.\n\n## Sponsored centres\n\nYou\u2019ll need to be a sponsored vehicle dealership to become a sponsored speed limiter centre.\n\n## Sponsors\n\nSponsors are DVSA-approved makers or suppliers of either:\n\n- vehicles\n\n- speed limiters\n\nOnce approved, sponsors are able to approve vehicle dealerships they already work with that want to become speed limiter centres.\n\n## Get sponsored\n\nContact the sponsors of your vehicle dealership to ask them if you can become a sponsored speed limiter centre.\n\nYou can have more than 1 sponsor.\n\n## Inspections\n\nSponsors carry out regular checks on their approved agents equipment and also provide them with:\n\n- training\n\n- technical support\n\n- new equipment and software\n\n## Approval\n\nYou\u2019ll receive an authorisation letter from your sponsor if they approve you as a sponsored speed limiter centre.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/becoming-a-speed-limiter-centre", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run an independent (non-franchised) vehicle service and maintenance centre, which also offers MOT Testing onsite. I am interested in offering speed limiter installation to some of my larger fleet customers.", + "original_question": "Are there other possible ways to become an independent speed limiter centre other than applying to the DVSA ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1279", + "question": "Scenario: i have owned my business for one and a half years. i recently got an offer to sell some stake in the business which i am seriously considering.\n\nQuestion: do i qualify for tax relief when i sell a part of my business ?\n\nDocument - Business Asset Disposal Relief:\n## Eligibility\n\nYou may be able to pay less Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) all or part of your business.\n\nBusiness Asset Disposal Relief means you\u2019ll pay tax at 10% on all gains on qualifying assets.\n\nBusiness Asset Disposal Relief was known as Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief before 6 April 2020.\n\n## If you\u2019re selling all or part of your business\n\nTo qualify for relief, both of the following must apply for at least 2 years up to the date you sell your business:\n\n- you\u2019re a sole trader or business partner\n\n- you\u2019ve owned the business for at least 2 years\n\nThe same conditions apply if you\u2019re closing your business instead. You must also dispose of your business assets within 3 years to qualify for relief.\n\n## If you\u2019re selling shares or securities\n\nTo qualify, both of the following must apply for at least 2 years up to the date you sell your shares:\n\n- you\u2019re an employee or office holder of the company (or one in the same group)\n\n- the company\u2019s main activities are in trading (rather than non-trading activities like investment) - or it\u2019s the holding company of a trading group\n\nThere are also other rules depending on whether or not the shares are from an Enterprise Management Incentive (EMI).\n\n## If the shares are from an EMI\n\nYou must have both:\n\n- bought the shares after 5 April 2013\n\n- been given the option to buy them at least 2 years before selling them\n\n## If the shares are not from an EMI\n\nFor at least 2 years before you sell your shares, the business must be a \u2018personal company\u2019. This means that you have at least 5% of both the:\n\n- shares\n\n- voting rights\n\nYou must also be entitled to at least 5% of either:\n\n- profits that are available for distribution and assets on winding up the company\n\n- disposal proceeds if the company is sold\n\nIf the number of shares you hold falls below 5% because the company has issued more shares, you may still be able to claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\nYou need to choose or \u2018elect\u2019 to be treated as if you had sold and re-bought your shares immediately before the new shares were issued. This will create a gain on which you can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\nYou can also choose or \u2018elect\u2019 to postpone paying tax on that gain until you come to sell your shares.\n\nYou can do this by:\n\n- completing the additional information section of the Capital Gains summary form of your tax return\n\n- writing to HMRC if you do not have to complete a tax return for the year\n\n## If the company stops being a trading company\n\nIf the company stops being a trading company, you can still qualify for relief if you sell your shares within 3 years.\n\n## If you\u2019re selling assets you lent to the business\n\nTo qualify, both of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve sold at least 5% of your part of a business partnership or your shares in a personal company\n\n- you owned the assets but let your business partnership or personal company use them for at least one year up to the date you sold your business or shares - or the date the business closed\n\n## If you\u2019re a trustee\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re a trustee selling assets held in the trust.\n\n## Work out your tax\n\nHow you work out your tax depends on whether all your gains are eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\n## If all your gains qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief\n\n- Work out the gain for all qualifying assets.\n\n- Add together the gains (and deduct qualifying losses) to work out the total taxable gain that\u2019s eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\n- Deduct your tax-free allowance.\n\n- You\u2019ll pay 10% tax on what\u2019s left.\n\n## If you have other gains\n\nHow much tax you pay on your other gains depends on what Income Tax rate you pay.\n\n## Higher rate Income Tax payers\n\nFor gains that do not qualify for Business Asset Disposal Relief you\u2019ll pay:\n\n- 28% on gains from residential property\n\n- 20% on gains made from other chargeable assets\n\nYou can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).\n\n## Basic rate Income Tax payers\n\nIf you\u2019re a basic rate taxpayer, you need to work out the tax rate you\u2019ll pay on gains that are not eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\n- Work out how much taxable income you have - deduct your Personal Allowance and any other Income Tax reliefs you\u2019re entitled to.\n\n- Deduct this amount from the basic rate tax band for the year you made the gains (\u00a337,500 for the 2020 to 2021 tax year). This gives you the amount of basic rate band you can use against your gains.\n\n- Work out your total taxable gain.\n\n- Use your basic rate band first against any gains eligible for Business Asset Disposal Relief. You\u2019ll pay 10% tax on these.\n\n- Use any remaining basic rate band against your other gains. You\u2019ll pay 18% on gains made on residential property and 10% on gains from all other chargeable assets.\n\n- For gains above the basic rate band you\u2019ll pay 28% on gains made on residential property and 20% on gains from all other chargeable assets.\n\n- You can use your tax-free allowance against the gains that would be charged at the highest rates (for example where you would pay 28% tax).\n\n## Get help\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help if you need advice.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief either:\n\n- through your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- by filling in Section A of the Business Asset Disposal Relief helpsheet\n\nThere\u2019s no limit to how many times you can claim Business Asset Disposal Relief.\n\nYou can claim a total of \u00a31 million in Business Asset Disposal Relief over your lifetime.\n\nYou may be able to claim more if you sold your assets before 11 March 2020. Contact HMRC to find out.\n\n## Deadline\n\n| Tax year when you sold or closed your business | Deadline to claim Business Asset Disposal Relief |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | 31 January 2023 |\n\n| 2019 to 2020 | 31 January 2022 |\n\n| 2018 to 2019 | 31 January 2021 |", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/business-asset-disposal-relief", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "i have owned my business for one and a half years. i recently got an offer to sell some stake in the business which i am seriously considering.", + "original_question": "do i qualify for tax relief when i sell a part of my business ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1281", + "question": "Scenario: My partner is doing her Bachelor in business administration. Previously my income would have meant that she would not be eligible for student finance but it is looking like my income for the current year will be over 20% less.\n\nQuestion: Can I use the predicted figures on the application form?\n\nDocument - Support your child or partner's student finance application:\n## Give details of your household income\n\nYou might need to provide information about your income if your child or partner has applied for student finance in England.\n\nYour information will be used to work out if your child or partner can get extra money on top of the Tuition Fee Loan and the basic Maintenance Loan.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if your child or partner is applying in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n- You\u2019ll get an email with a link to create an online account or login. You must use your own account - you cannot use the same account as your child or partner.\n\n- Provide information about your income in the previous tax year.\n\n- If your income this tax year will be at least 15% less you can give your income details for the current tax year instead.\n\n- Send in evidence if you\u2019re asked for it.\n\n## What information you\u2019ll need\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know the following about a previous tax year:\n\n- your household\u2019s taxable income\n\n- details of your personal taxable income\n\nThe previous tax year will be:\n\n- 2019 to 2020 if your child or partner is applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- 2018 to 2019 if your child or partner is applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n- 2017 to 2018 if your child or partner is applying for the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n## If you\u2019re supporting your child\u2019s application\n\nYour household income is the combined income of:\n\n- you\n\n- your partner, if you live with them (even if you were not living with them during the previous tax year)\n\n- income your child gets from their own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent\n\n## If you\u2019re supporting your partner\u2019s application\n\nYour household income is the combined income of you and your partner (even if you were not living with them during the previous tax year).\n\n## How to provide information about your income\n\nOnce your child or partner has applied, you\u2019ll get an email within 24 hours with a link so you can provide your information.\n\nYou might need to create an account. You must use your own account - you cannot use the same account as your child or partner.\n\n## Household income your current income is lower\n\nYou can give your details for the current tax year if you think your household income will be at least 15% lower than the tax year you\u2019ve been asked to provide details for.\n\n## What happens next\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will check that the information you\u2019ve provided matches their records. This will usually take up to 2 weeks.\n\nYou might be asked to send evidence of your:\n\n- income - if the details you\u2019ve given do not match HMRC\u2019s records\n\n- marital status - if you\u2019re separated or divorced\n\nIt can take up to 6 weeks to review your evidence.\n\nStudent Finance England will write to your child or partner when all your information has been confirmed.\n\nIf your information is still being processed when your child or partner starts their course, they\u2019ll still get the Tuition Fee Loan and the basic Maintenance Loan (if they\u2019re eligible).\n\n## Supporting a continuing student\n\nYour child or partner needs to apply for student finance each year.\n\nWhen they apply, you\u2019ll get an email within 24 hours. The email will have a link to sign in to your account, where you must provide:\n\n- your marital status\n\n- any changes to the information you provided the previous year\n\n- your financial information for the previous tax year\n\n## If you provided income details for the current tax year\n\nYou can use the same income details that you provided last year.\n\nIf your income has dropped by at least 15% again, you can send in a new current tax year income assessment form.\n\n## If your income has gone down\n\nYou can apply for a current year income assessment if you think your household income this tax year will be at least 15% lower than the year you\u2019ve been asked to give details about.\n\nThe current tax year is 6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022.\n\n## Check you\u2019re eligible for a current year income assessment\n\nTo apply, the student must be on a course where their student finance is based on your household income.\n\nYour total estimated household income for the full current tax year must be at least 15% lower than for a previous tax year.\n\nThe previous tax year will be:\n\n- 2019 to 2020 if your child or partner is applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- 2018 to 2019 if your child or partner is applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n- 2017 to 2018 if your child or partner is applying for the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\nYou\u2019ll qualify for an assessment if your expected household income after the 15% decrease is between \u00a325,000 and \u00a358,220 a year.\n\nIf your household income is more than \u00a358,220 a year but less than \u00a370,004 a year, you may still qualify depending on the student\u2019s circumstances. Check how you\u2019re assessed and paid.\n\nIf your total household income is likely to be less than \u00a325,000 a year, you will not be able to get an assessment unless the student needs it to get:\n\n- a bursary or scholarship from a university or college\n\n- extra student finance for children or dependent adults\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply, you must have already created an online account and given information about a previous tax year.\n\nYou then need to complete these 3 steps.\n\n- Fill in a current year income assessment form and send it to Student Finance England.\n\n- Keep your income details up to date during the year.\n\n- Confirm your actual income at the end of the tax year.\n\n## Fill in a current year income assessment form\n\nFill in the form and send it to Student Finance England. You can do this through your online account, or print out the form and send it by post.\n\nIf you\u2019re the parent of the student and your partner also lives in the household, you\u2019ll both need to complete the form, even if only one income has changed.\n\nThis is because you\u2019re assessed on household income from the same tax year.\n\nWhen you\u2019re estimating your income, include:\n\n- working overtime or extra hours\n\n- any maternity or paternity pay\n\n- any casual work, shift work or contract work\n\n- any pay rises, bonuses or redundancy pay\n\n- income changes from changing jobs or returning to work\n\n- income from self-employment\n\n| Academic year | Course type | Form |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | Any | Current year income assessment form - 2021 to 2022 |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | Any | Current year income assessment form - 2020 to 2021 |\n\n| 2019 to 2020 | Part-time | Current year income assessment form for part-time students - 2019 to 2020 |\n\n## Keep your income details up to date\n\nIf your income changes during the year, send a new current tax year income assessment form to Student Finance England as soon as possible.\n\nYou\u2019ll be reassessed and the amount of money your student is entitled to might go up or down. Student Finance England will contact the student directly to let them know.\n\nIf you do not keep your income details up to date your student may be overpaid. They\u2019ll have to pay back any overpayment straight away.\n\n## Confirm your income at the end of the tax year\n\nAfter the tax year finishes you must send evidence of what your actual income was for the year. You\u2019ll usually be sent a form to fill in at the start of May.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nIf you have not completed your tax return yet, fill in the form to ask to delay providing evidence until after the Self Assessment deadline (January the following year).\n\nYou still need to return evidence for any other employment, for example if you had a salaried job earlier in the year.\n\n## If your household income is different from what you estimated\n\nHow much your student is entitled to will change. If your actual income was:\n\n- lower - your student might be entitled to more money\n\n- higher - your student will have to repay any extra money they received\n\nIf you do not send in evidence your student will only be entitled to basic student finance. They\u2019ll have to repay any extra money they got based on your income straight away.\n\n## If you need to update your details\n\nFill in a PFF2 or PFF3 form if:\n\n- you made a mistake\n\n- your circumstances change, such as your marital status or you have another child\n\n| Academic year | Course type | Form |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | Any | PFF2: income details form for full-time students - 2021 to 2022 |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | Any | PFF2: income details form - 2020 to 2021 |\n\n| 2019 to 2020 | Part-time | PFF3: income details form for part-time students - 2019 to 2020 |\n\nUse your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-child-or-partners-student-finance-application", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner is doing her Bachelor in business administration. Previously my income would have meant that she would not be eligible for student finance but it is looking like my income for the current year will be over 20% less.", + "original_question": "Can I use the predicted figures on the application form?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1287", + "question": "Scenario: the high season for certain kinds of fish we catch has come round and we are being asked to work more than 48 hours a week.\n\nQuestion: can an employer force me to work for more than 48 hours a week ?\n\nDocument - Maximum weekly working hours:\n## Overview\n\nYou can\u2019t work more than 48 hours a week on average - normally averaged over 17 weeks. This law is sometimes called the \u2018working time directive\u2019 or \u2018working time regulations\u2019.\n\nYou can choose to work more by opting out of the 48-hour week.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 18, you can\u2019t work more than 8 hours a day or 40 hours a week.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou may have to work more than 48 hours a week on average if you work in a job:\n\n- where 24-hour staffing is required\n\n- in the armed forces, emergency services or police\n\n- in security and surveillance\n\n- as a domestic servant in a private household\n\n- as a seafarer, sea-fisherman or worker on vessels on inland waterways\n\n- where working time is not measured and you\u2019re in control, eg you\u2019re a managing executive with control over your decisions\n\nContact the Acas helpline or use the Acas Helpline Online to get further advice on working hours.\n\n## Calculating your working hours\n\nAverage working hours are calculated over a \u2018reference\u2019 period, normally 17 weeks.\n\nThis means you can work more than 48 hours one week, as long as the average over 17 weeks is less than 48 hours a week.\n\nYour working hours can\u2019t be averaged out if you\u2019re under 18. You can\u2019t work more than 40 hours in any one week.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nSome jobs have different reference periods, eg:\n\n- trainee doctors have a 26-week reference period\n\n- the offshore oil and gas sector has a 52-week reference period\n\n## What counts as work\n\nA working week includes:\n\n- job-related training\n\n- time spent travelling if you travel as part of your job, eg sales rep\n\n- working lunches, eg business lunches\n\n- time spent working abroad\n\n- paid overtime\n\n- unpaid overtime you\u2019re asked to do\n\n- time spent on call at the workplace\n\n- any time that is treated as \u2018working time\u2019 under a contract\n\n- travel between home and work at the start and end of the working day (if you don\u2019t have a fixed place of work)\n\n## What doesn\u2019t count as work\n\nA working week doesn\u2019t include:\n\n- time you spend on call away from the workplace\n\n- breaks when no work is done, eg lunch breaks\n\n- travelling outside of normal working hours\n\n- unpaid overtime you\u2019ve volunteered for, eg staying late to finish something off\n\n- paid or unpaid holiday\n\n- travel to and from work (if you have a fixed place of work)\n\n## You have more than one job\n\nYour combined working hours shouldn\u2019t be more than 48 hours a week on average.\n\nIf you work more than 48 hours on average, you can either:\n\n- sign an opt-out agreement\n\n- reduce your hours to meet the 48-hour limit\n\n## Opting out of the 48 hour week\n\nYou can choose to work more than 48 hours a week on average if you\u2019re over 18. This is called \u2018opting out\u2019.\n\nYour employer can ask you to opt out, but you can\u2019t be sacked or treated unfairly for refusing to do so.\n\nYou can opt out for a certain period or indefinitely. It must be voluntary and in writing.\n\n## Workers who can\u2019t opt out\n\nYou can\u2019t opt-out of the 48 hour week if you\u2019re:\n\n- airline staff\n\n- a worker on ships or boats\n\n- a worker in the road transport industry, eg delivery drivers (except for drivers of vehicles under 3.5 tonnes using GB Domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules)\n\n- other staff who travel in and operate vehicles covered by EU rules on drivers\u2019 hours, eg bus conductors\n\n- a security guard on a vehicle carrying high-value goods\n\n## Cancelling an opt-out agreement\n\nYou can cancel your opt-out agreement whenever you want - even if it\u2019s part of your employment contract.\n\nYou must give your employer at least 7 days\u2019 notice. You may have to give more notice (up to 3 months) if you have a written opt-out agreement.\n\nYour employer can\u2019t force you to cancel your opt-out agreement.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maximum-weekly-working-hours", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "the high season for certain kinds of fish we catch has come round and we are being asked to work more than 48 hours a week.", + "original_question": "can an employer force me to work for more than 48 hours a week ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1289", + "question": "Scenario: I have purchased an old school bus to use as a private hire vehicle for large groups. To improve customer safety, I have had seatbelts installed on all 45 seats. The bus was first registered in 1999.\n\nQuestion: Do the newly installed seatbelts require testing?\n\nDocument - Specialist tests for coaches and buses:\n## Overview\n\nYou must get your commercial vehicle tested every year to make sure it\u2019s roadworthy. This is known as the annual test.\n\nThere are extra tests coaches and buses may need to take to:\n\n- qualify for free entrance to the London Low Emission Zone (LEZ) by getting a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC)\n\n- meet seat belt safety rules\n\n## Reduced emissions test\n\nYou can get your vehicle tested for a Low Emissions Certificate (LEC). This lets you drive in the Low Emission Zone (LEZ) without paying.\n\nThe Reduced Pollution Certificate (RPC) scheme to reduce your vehicle tax ended on 31 December 2016.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour vehicle can be tested for a Low Emissions Certificate if it:\n\n- was registered in the UK before 1 October 2006\n\n- is fitted with a full filter to Low Emission Zone emissions standards\n\nYou don\u2019t need a Low Emission Certificate for a vehicle with a Euro 4, 5 or 6 engine.\n\n## Converted and re-engined vehicles\n\nContact DVLA if the vehicle has either:\n\n- been fitted or converted to run solely on petrol\n\n- had an approved gas conversion\n\nContact Transport for London (TfL) if your vehicle has been \u2018re-engined\u2019 to meet Low Emission Zone standards.\n\n## Book a Low Emissions Certificate test\n\nContact an authorised testing facility or Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) test station to book the test.\n\nYou need:\n\n- your vehicle registration number\n\n- your vehicle identification or chassis number\n\n- the make, model and date of manufacture\n\n- details of any modifications made to meet the emissions standard\n\n- to pay the fee\n\nIt\u2019s cheaper to have the test done at the same time as the vehicle\u2019s annual test.\n\n## What to take to the test\n\nIf it\u2019s been tested before you must take the vehicle\u2019s previous Low Emissions Certificate or Reduced Pollution Certificate.\n\nThe test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if you don\u2019t take the certificate.\n\n## What happens at the test\n\nThe test is in 2 parts:\n\n- physical inspection to check any modifications, such as a filter fitted to the exhaust\n\n- smoke opacity test to check emissions\n\n## Test result\n\nYou\u2019ll get a Low Emissions Certificate if your vehicle passes the test.\n\nDVSA will pass your details to TfL automatically. It takes around 3 days for your details to be updated so you can drive in the Low Emission Zone.\n\nIf your vehicle is registered outside Great Britain, you need to register with TfL yourself. You can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you don\u2019t register it.\n\n## If your vehicle fails\n\nYou can appeal the result. Fill in form LEC3 and send it to DVSA. The address is on the form.\n\n## Renewing a Low Emissions Certificate\n\nThe Low Emissions Certificate has an expiry date on it. You need to get your vehicle tested again by this date if you want to continue driving in the Low Emission Zone without paying.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving in the Low Emission Zone without a valid Low Emissions Certificate.\n\n## Seat belt installation tests\n\nManufacturers of some buses, coaches and minibuses must make sure their seat belts meet certain safety rules.\n\n## Vehicles that need to be tested\n\nIf your vehicle has additional seat belts fitted beyond those required by law, it must be tested if:\n\n- it\u2019s a private passenger vehicle with more than 8 passenger seats and was first used on or after 1 October 2001\n\n- it\u2019s a public service vehicle\n\n## Exemptions\n\nPrivate passenger vehicles registered before 1 October 2001 are exempt.\n\nBuses made to carry standing passengers are also exempt, but if they have seat belts these must be tested.\n\nPublic service vehicles that need a Certificate of Initial Fitness (COIF) have their seat belts checked as part of this process.\n\n## Arrange a test\n\nYou can get your passenger vehicle\u2019s seat belt installation tested at one of the following centres:\n\n- Status\n\n- Millbrook proving ground\n\n- Transport research laboratory\n\nManufacturers can test their own seat belts as long as they have the right equipment and staff.\n\nTesting seat belts is usually part of obtaining a COIF on new vehicles.\n\nYou can get more advice about testing your passenger vehicle\u2019s seat belts from DVSA.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/specialist-tests-for-coaches-and-buses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have purchased an old school bus to use as a private hire vehicle for large groups. To improve customer safety, I have had seatbelts installed on all 45 seats. The bus was first registered in 1999.", + "original_question": "Do the newly installed seatbelts require testing?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1290", + "question": "Scenario: I work in a local grocery store and lately we have been understaffed. My boss is putting pressure on me to work up to sixty hours a week and I really do not want to do this but he will not listen.\n\nQuestion: Is it legal for him to make me work these hours?\n\nDocument - Maximum weekly working hours:\n## Overview\n\nYou can\u2019t work more than 48 hours a week on average - normally averaged over 17 weeks. This law is sometimes called the \u2018working time directive\u2019 or \u2018working time regulations\u2019.\n\nYou can choose to work more by opting out of the 48-hour week.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 18, you can\u2019t work more than 8 hours a day or 40 hours a week.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou may have to work more than 48 hours a week on average if you work in a job:\n\n- where 24-hour staffing is required\n\n- in the armed forces, emergency services or police\n\n- in security and surveillance\n\n- as a domestic servant in a private household\n\n- as a seafarer, sea-fisherman or worker on vessels on inland waterways\n\n- where working time is not measured and you\u2019re in control, eg you\u2019re a managing executive with control over your decisions\n\nContact the Acas helpline or use the Acas Helpline Online to get further advice on working hours.\n\n## Calculating your working hours\n\nAverage working hours are calculated over a \u2018reference\u2019 period, normally 17 weeks.\n\nThis means you can work more than 48 hours one week, as long as the average over 17 weeks is less than 48 hours a week.\n\nYour working hours can\u2019t be averaged out if you\u2019re under 18. You can\u2019t work more than 40 hours in any one week.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nSome jobs have different reference periods, eg:\n\n- trainee doctors have a 26-week reference period\n\n- the offshore oil and gas sector has a 52-week reference period\n\n## What counts as work\n\nA working week includes:\n\n- job-related training\n\n- time spent travelling if you travel as part of your job, eg sales rep\n\n- working lunches, eg business lunches\n\n- time spent working abroad\n\n- paid overtime\n\n- unpaid overtime you\u2019re asked to do\n\n- time spent on call at the workplace\n\n- any time that is treated as \u2018working time\u2019 under a contract\n\n- travel between home and work at the start and end of the working day (if you don\u2019t have a fixed place of work)\n\n## What doesn\u2019t count as work\n\nA working week doesn\u2019t include:\n\n- time you spend on call away from the workplace\n\n- breaks when no work is done, eg lunch breaks\n\n- travelling outside of normal working hours\n\n- unpaid overtime you\u2019ve volunteered for, eg staying late to finish something off\n\n- paid or unpaid holiday\n\n- travel to and from work (if you have a fixed place of work)\n\n## You have more than one job\n\nYour combined working hours shouldn\u2019t be more than 48 hours a week on average.\n\nIf you work more than 48 hours on average, you can either:\n\n- sign an opt-out agreement\n\n- reduce your hours to meet the 48-hour limit\n\n## Opting out of the 48 hour week\n\nYou can choose to work more than 48 hours a week on average if you\u2019re over 18. This is called \u2018opting out\u2019.\n\nYour employer can ask you to opt out, but you can\u2019t be sacked or treated unfairly for refusing to do so.\n\nYou can opt out for a certain period or indefinitely. It must be voluntary and in writing.\n\n## Workers who can\u2019t opt out\n\nYou can\u2019t opt-out of the 48 hour week if you\u2019re:\n\n- airline staff\n\n- a worker on ships or boats\n\n- a worker in the road transport industry, eg delivery drivers (except for drivers of vehicles under 3.5 tonnes using GB Domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules)\n\n- other staff who travel in and operate vehicles covered by EU rules on drivers\u2019 hours, eg bus conductors\n\n- a security guard on a vehicle carrying high-value goods\n\n## Cancelling an opt-out agreement\n\nYou can cancel your opt-out agreement whenever you want - even if it\u2019s part of your employment contract.\n\nYou must give your employer at least 7 days\u2019 notice. You may have to give more notice (up to 3 months) if you have a written opt-out agreement.\n\nYour employer can\u2019t force you to cancel your opt-out agreement.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/maximum-weekly-working-hours", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I work in a local grocery store and lately we have been understaffed. My boss is putting pressure on me to work up to sixty hours a week and I really do not want to do this but he will not listen.", + "original_question": "Is it legal for him to make me work these hours?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1292", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Jack is a paskistan national,has been held in immigration detention after being found working illegally in the U.K. He has no past criminal records or applied for any past immigration bail. I will offer him somewhere to stay.\n\nQuestion: Can he apply for an immigration bail?\n\nDocument - Immigration detention bail:\n## Before you apply\n\nYou can apply for immigration bail if the Home Office is holding you on immigration matters. This means you might be released from detention but you\u2019ll have to obey at least one condition.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply whether you\u2019re held in an immigration removal centre, a detention centre or a prison. You must be held on immigration matters.\n\n## When you\u2019re more likely to get bail\n\nYou\u2019re more likely to get bail if you have a place to stay.\n\nYour application is also more likely to succeed if you have at least one \u2018Financial Condition Supporter\u2019. This is a person who:\n\n- will pay money if you don\u2019t follow the conditions of your bail\n\n- can attend your bail hearing\n\nGive information about where you\u2019ll stay and your Financial Condition Supporters in the application form.\n\n## When you might not get released on bail\n\nYou may find it harder to get bail if you:\n\n- have broken bail conditions in the past\n\n- have a criminal record, and there\u2019s a risk you might reoffend\n\nIf you were refused bail in the last 28 days, you won\u2019t get another hearing unless your situation has changed significantly. Explain what you think has changed in your application.\n\nIf you are refused bail, you\u2019ll get a written statement telling you why.\n\n## If you\u2019re due to be removed from the country\n\nYou might not be released even if you\u2019re granted bail. If your removal date is in the 14 days after you get bail, the Home Office will have to agree to your release.\n\n## Apply for bail\n\nYou can apply for bail in 2 main ways. It depends on your situation. Apply to:\n\n- the Home Secretary (\u2018Secretary of State bail\u2019) any time after you arrive in the UK\n\n- the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) - only if you arrived more than 8 days ago\n\nYou might be automatically referred for a bail hearing if you\u2019ve been in detention for 4 months or more.\n\nIf you are appealing to the Special Immigration Appeals Commission you can apply to them for bail.\n\nA solicitor or legal adviser can help you with a bail application.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\n## Apply for Secretary of State bail\n\nYou can apply to the Home Secretary for bail from the first day you arrive in the UK. This is called \u2019Secretary of State Bail\u2019.\n\nDownload and fill in form BAIL401 explaining why you\u2019re asking for bail.\n\nYou can also get the form from:\n\n- the welfare officer, if you\u2019re in an Immigration Removal Centre\n\n- your detention paperwork pack, if you\u2019re in a prison\n\nYour application will be decided by Home Office staff and there will not be a hearing.\n\n## Apply for bail from the First-tier Tribunal\n\nYou can apply to the independent \u2018First-tier Tribunal\u2019 for bail if you arrived in the UK more than 8 days ago. Your application for bail will be decided by an independent judge at a hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in form B1.\n\nIf you can\u2019t download the form yourself, you can:\n\n- ask the staff at the place where you\u2019re being held\n\n- contact the tribunal - by phone on 0300 123 1711 or by email on customer.service@justice.gov.uk\n\nIf you have a tribunal appeal hearing scheduled, send the form to the tribunal or hearing centre where it\u2019s happening. You can find the address of the venue using the A to Z list.\n\nIf you don\u2019t have an appeal hearing, ask staff at the place you\u2019re held \u2013 they can fax your application to the right venue.\n\n## Automatic referral for bail\n\nThe Home Office will automatically refer you to the First-tier Tribunal for a bail hearing if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in detention for 4 months or more\n\n- you aren\u2019t being detained in the interests of national security\n\n- there\u2019s no action being taken to deport you from the UK\n\n- you haven\u2019t applied for bail to the First-tier Tribunal in the last 4 months\n\nThey will make an application on your behalf using all the information they have.\n\nYou can refuse the referral, or choose to make your own bail application. The Home Office will apply on your behalf every 4 months unless you apply for bail yourself.\n\n## What happens at the First-tier Tribunal hearing\n\nThere will usually be a hearing to decide if you should be granted bail. This will happen a few days after your application is received \u2013 you\u2019ll receive a \u2018notice of hearing\u2019 to tell you when it is.\n\nYou probably won\u2019t be in the room for the hearing. It\u2019s more likely to happen over a video-link instead.\n\nThe Home Office will send the tribunal a document listing the reasons they think you should not get bail (a \u2018Bail Summary\u2019). They will also send you a copy.\n\nRead information about the Tribunal\u2019s rules and procedures.\n\n## Conditions of your bail\n\nIf you\u2019re granted bail, there will be at least one condition you have to obey.\n\nYou might have to:\n\n- report regularly to an immigration official\n\n- attend an appointment or hearing\n\n- be restricted on where you can live\n\n- have an electronic monitoring tag\n\n- have restrictions on the work or studies you can do\n\n- obey any other condition decided by the person granting your bail\n\nYou or your financial condition supporter might have to promise to pay money if you break one of the other conditions of your bail. This is called a \u2018financial condition\u2019.\n\nThese conditions can be changed after you\u2019re granted bail.\n\nIf you do not follow the terms of your bail you might:\n\n- have your bail conditions changed so that there are tighter restrictions\n\n- be charged with a crime\n\n- have to pay the money agreed at the hearing - or your Financial Condition Supporter might have to pay\n\n- be returned to detention\n\n## Change the conditions of your bail\n\nYou can ask to change (\u2018vary\u2019) the conditions of your bail, for example, if you need to move to a new address.\n\nIf the First-tier Tribunal granted you bail, fill in form B2 and send it to your nearest First-tier Tribunal hearing centre. The Home Office might oppose your request.\n\nIf the management of your bail has been transferred to the Home Office contact them instead.\n\nIf you\u2019re on Secretary of State bail, speak to an immigration officer.\n\nYou must continue to obey the conditions of your bail until a decision has been made to change them.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bail-immigration-detainees", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Jack is a paskistan national,has been held in immigration detention after being found working illegally in the U.K. He has no past criminal records or applied for any past immigration bail. I will offer him somewhere to stay.", + "original_question": "Can he apply for an immigration bail?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1293", + "question": "Scenario: I will be graduating with a bachelor's degree in Computer Science this Summer. While I was browsing for a job position for after university I saw that they require a Level 7 qualification.\n\nQuestion: Do I meet the requirements for this job position?\n\nDocument - What qualification levels mean:\n## Overview\n\nMost qualifications have a difficulty level. The higher the level, the more difficult the qualification is.\n\nIf you need to know the level of a qualification, you can:\n\n- see a list of qualification levels in England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\n- use the Register of Regulated Qualifications - if you know the name of the qualification and the exam board that runs it\n\n- compare qualification levels from other countries\n\nQualifications at the same level sometimes cover different amounts of the same subject.\n\n## Help\n\nContact the National Careers Service for advice about qualification levels if you\u2019re in England.\n\nFor the rest of the UK, contact:\n\n- Skills Development Scotland\n\n- Careers Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland Direct\n\n## England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nThere are 9 qualification levels.\n\n## Entry level\n\nEach entry level qualification is available at three sub-levels - 1, 2 and 3. Entry level 3 is the most difficult.\n\nEntry level qualifications are:\n\n- entry level award\n\n- entry level certificate (ELC)\n\n- entry level diploma\n\n- entry level English for speakers of other languages (ESOL)\n\n- entry level essential skills\n\n- entry level functional skills\n\n- Skills for Life\n\n## Level 1\n\nLevel 1 qualifications are:\n\n- first certificate\n\n- GCSE - grades 3, 2, 1 or grades D, E, F, G\n\n- level 1 award\n\n- level 1 certificate\n\n- level 1 diploma\n\n- level 1 ESOL\n\n- level 1 essential skills\n\n- level 1 functional skills\n\n- level 1 national vocational qualification (NVQ)\n\n- music grades 1, 2 and 3\n\n## Level 2\n\nLevel 2 qualifications are:\n\n- CSE - grade 1\n\n- GCSE - grades 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4 or grades A*, A, B, C\n\n- intermediate apprenticeship\n\n- level 2 award\n\n- level 2 certificate\n\n- level 2 diploma\n\n- level 2 ESOL\n\n- level 2 essential skills\n\n- level 2 functional skills\n\n- level 2 national certificate\n\n- level 2 national diploma\n\n- level 2 NVQ\n\n- music grades 4 and 5\n\n- O level - grade A, B or C\n\n## Level 3\n\nLevel 3 qualifications are:\n\n- A level\n\n- access to higher education diploma\n\n- advanced apprenticeship\n\n- applied general\n\n- AS level\n\n- international Baccalaureate diploma\n\n- level 3 award\n\n- level 3 certificate\n\n- level 3 diploma\n\n- level 3 ESOL\n\n- level 3 national certificate\n\n- level 3 national diploma\n\n- level 3 NVQ\n\n- music grades 6, 7 and 8\n\n- tech level\n\n## Level 4\n\nLevel 4 qualifications are:\n\n- certificate of higher education (CertHE)\n\n- higher apprenticeship\n\n- higher national certificate (HNC)\n\n- level 4 award\n\n- level 4 certificate\n\n- level 4 diploma\n\n- level 4 NVQ\n\n## Level 5\n\nLevel 5 qualifications are:\n\n- diploma of higher education (DipHE)\n\n- foundation degree\n\n- higher national diploma (HND)\n\n- level 5 award\n\n- level 5 certificate\n\n- level 5 diploma\n\n- level 5 NVQ\n\n## Level 6\n\nLevel 6 qualifications are:\n\n- degree apprenticeship\n\n- degree with honours - for example bachelor of the arts (BA) hons, bachelor of science (BSc) hons\n\n- graduate certificate\n\n- graduate diploma\n\n- level 6 award\n\n- level 6 certificate\n\n- level 6 diploma\n\n- level 6 NVQ\n\n- ordinary degree without honours\n\n## Level 7\n\nLevel 7 qualifications are:\n\n- integrated master\u2019s degree, for example master of engineering (MEng)\n\n- level 7 award\n\n- level 7 certificate\n\n- level 7 diploma\n\n- level 7 NVQ\n\n- master\u2019s degree, for example master of arts (MA), master of science (MSc)\n\n- postgraduate certificate\n\n- postgraduate certificate in education (PGCE)\n\n- postgraduate diploma\n\n## Level 8\n\nLevel 8 qualifications are:\n\n- doctorate, for example doctor of philosophy (PhD or DPhil)\n\n- level 8 award\n\n- level 8 certificate\n\n- level 8 diploma\n\n## Other countries\n\nQualifications outside England, Wales and Northern Ireland use different level systems.\n\n## Scotland\n\nYou can compare qualifications in Scotland with those in England, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Outside the UK\n\nYou can:\n\n- compare European qualifications\n\n- contact the UK National Academic Recognition Information Centre (UK NARIC) to compare a UK qualification with any non-UK qualification - there\u2019s a fee for this", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-different-qualification-levels-mean", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I will be graduating with a bachelor's degree in Computer Science this Summer. While I was browsing for a job position for after university I saw that they require a Level 7 qualification.", + "original_question": "Do I meet the requirements for this job position?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1295", + "question": "Scenario: I have been running my software development company as a sole trader for about 5 years now. The business has greatly expanded over the years and I have turned my dream into reality. Since I have an idea for an entirely new product I plan on launching an entirely new company. A business friend of mine has expressed interested in buying my current venture along with all of its assets. The company has been VAT registered for a few years now.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to cancel my VAT registration?\n\nDocument - Selling your business: your responsibilities:\n## Self-employed sole trader\n\nWhen you sell your business, you have legal responsibilities to staff you employ. You must also finalise your business\u2019 tax affairs.\n\n## Staff\n\nIf you have anyone working for you, you must tell them:\n\n- when and why you\u2019re selling the business\n\n- about redundancy terms or relocation packages, if necessary\n\nMake sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.\n\n## Telling HMRC\n\nYou can use the online form to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve sold your business. It covers both Self Assessment and National Insurance.\n\nYou can also call HMRC\u2019s National Insurance helpline to cancel your Class 2 National Insurance contributions.\n\n## VAT registration\n\nIf you\u2019re registered for VAT, you may be able to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.\n\n## Tax returns\n\nYou must send a Self Assessment tax return by the deadline. You\u2019ll need to put the date you stopped trading on the return.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou may have made a capital gain when selling your business (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from the business that you keep).\n\nIf this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.\n\n## Business partnership\n\nYour responsibilities when selling a partnership depend on whether you\u2019re selling:\n\n- your share of the partnership\n\n- the entire partnership\n\nCheck your business\u2019 partnership agreement - it may have restrictions and conditions on the sale.\n\n## Staff\n\nIf you have anyone working for you, you must tell them about the sale, including:\n\n- when and why you\u2019re selling the partnership\n\n- details about the redundancy terms or relocation packages you will offer, if required\n\nMake sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.\n\n## If you\u2019re stopping self-employment\n\nIf you\u2019re stopping self-employment when you sell the partnership, call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to cancel your Class 2 National Insurance contributions.\n\n## VAT registration\n\nIf the partnership is registered for VAT, you may be able to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.\n\n## Tax returns\n\n## If you\u2019re selling your share in the partnership\n\nYou must fill out a personal Self Assessment tax return by the deadline.\n\n## If you\u2019re selling the whole partnership\n\nYou must:\n\n- make sure the \u2018nominated partner\u2019 sends a Partnership Tax Return by the deadline\n\n- send your personal Self Assessment tax return by the deadline\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou may have made a \u2018capital gain\u2019 when selling the partnership (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from the partnership that you keep).\n\nIf this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.\n\n## Limited company\n\nYour responsibilities will be different, depending on whether:\n\n- you\u2019re selling the entire shareholding in your limited company\n\n- the company is selling part of its business\n\n## Selling the entire shareholding\n\n## Appoint new directors or company secretaries\n\nYou should appoint new directors before you resign as a director yourself.\n\nTell Companies House to make these changes.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou may have made a \u2018capital gain\u2019 when selling the company (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from it that you keep).\n\nIf this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.\n\n## Charges against your company\n\nIf you\u2019ve secured finance for the company against your personal property (for example a mortgage on your house to secure a business loan), you must let the provider know within 21 days of the sale.\n\n## VAT registration\n\nIf the company is registered for VAT, you may want to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.\n\n## If your company sells part of the business\n\nIf any employees are affected by the sale (for example the company\u2019s selling its production business and factory staff will be affected), you must tell them about the changes, including:\n\n- when and why part of the company is being sold\n\n- details about the redundancy terms or relocation packages, if necessary\n\nMake sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/selling-your-business-your-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been running my software development company as a sole trader for about 5 years now. The business has greatly expanded over the years and I have turned my dream into reality. Since I have an idea for an entirely new product I plan on launching an entirely new company. A business friend of mine has expressed interested in buying my current venture along with all of its assets. The company has been VAT registered for a few years now.", + "original_question": "Do I have to cancel my VAT registration?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1296", + "question": "Scenario: I have been operating a small sticker printing business from a single location in my city. I am registered as a sole trader. Me and my 2 employees design, print, sell the stickers online and ship them through post. The past year has been really hard on the business and we have barely been able to turn any profit. I was approached by one of our competitors who is interested in buying the business off of me.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to inform my employees who I am selling the business to?\n\nDocument - Selling your business: your responsibilities:\n## Self-employed sole trader\n\nWhen you sell your business, you have legal responsibilities to staff you employ. You must also finalise your business\u2019 tax affairs.\n\n## Staff\n\nIf you have anyone working for you, you must tell them:\n\n- when and why you\u2019re selling the business\n\n- about redundancy terms or relocation packages, if necessary\n\nMake sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.\n\n## Telling HMRC\n\nYou can use the online form to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve sold your business. It covers both Self Assessment and National Insurance.\n\nYou can also call HMRC\u2019s National Insurance helpline to cancel your Class 2 National Insurance contributions.\n\n## VAT registration\n\nIf you\u2019re registered for VAT, you may be able to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.\n\n## Tax returns\n\nYou must send a Self Assessment tax return by the deadline. You\u2019ll need to put the date you stopped trading on the return.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou may have made a capital gain when selling your business (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from the business that you keep).\n\nIf this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.\n\n## Business partnership\n\nYour responsibilities when selling a partnership depend on whether you\u2019re selling:\n\n- your share of the partnership\n\n- the entire partnership\n\nCheck your business\u2019 partnership agreement - it may have restrictions and conditions on the sale.\n\n## Staff\n\nIf you have anyone working for you, you must tell them about the sale, including:\n\n- when and why you\u2019re selling the partnership\n\n- details about the redundancy terms or relocation packages you will offer, if required\n\nMake sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.\n\n## If you\u2019re stopping self-employment\n\nIf you\u2019re stopping self-employment when you sell the partnership, call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to cancel your Class 2 National Insurance contributions.\n\n## VAT registration\n\nIf the partnership is registered for VAT, you may be able to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.\n\n## Tax returns\n\n## If you\u2019re selling your share in the partnership\n\nYou must fill out a personal Self Assessment tax return by the deadline.\n\n## If you\u2019re selling the whole partnership\n\nYou must:\n\n- make sure the \u2018nominated partner\u2019 sends a Partnership Tax Return by the deadline\n\n- send your personal Self Assessment tax return by the deadline\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou may have made a \u2018capital gain\u2019 when selling the partnership (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from the partnership that you keep).\n\nIf this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.\n\n## Limited company\n\nYour responsibilities will be different, depending on whether:\n\n- you\u2019re selling the entire shareholding in your limited company\n\n- the company is selling part of its business\n\n## Selling the entire shareholding\n\n## Appoint new directors or company secretaries\n\nYou should appoint new directors before you resign as a director yourself.\n\nTell Companies House to make these changes.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou may have made a \u2018capital gain\u2019 when selling the company (for example the money you get from the sale, or assets from it that you keep).\n\nIf this means you need to pay Capital Gains Tax, you may be able to reduce the amount by claiming Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief. You may also be able to claim other reliefs.\n\n## Charges against your company\n\nIf you\u2019ve secured finance for the company against your personal property (for example a mortgage on your house to secure a business loan), you must let the provider know within 21 days of the sale.\n\n## VAT registration\n\nIf the company is registered for VAT, you may want to transfer the VAT registration number to the new owner.\n\n## If your company sells part of the business\n\nIf any employees are affected by the sale (for example the company\u2019s selling its production business and factory staff will be affected), you must tell them about the changes, including:\n\n- when and why part of the company is being sold\n\n- details about the redundancy terms or relocation packages, if necessary\n\nMake sure you don\u2019t breach employees\u2019 rights when a business changes ownership.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/selling-your-business-your-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been operating a small sticker printing business from a single location in my city. I am registered as a sole trader. Me and my 2 employees design, print, sell the stickers online and ship them through post. The past year has been really hard on the business and we have barely been able to turn any profit. I was approached by one of our competitors who is interested in buying the business off of me.", + "original_question": "Do I need to inform my employees who I am selling the business to?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1298", + "question": "Scenario: I am seventy years old and for the last three years have been having increasing problems with my mobility. I now use a walking stick to walk and cannot manage to walk any significant distance.\n\nQuestion: Do my mobility problems entitle me to DLA?\n\nDocument - Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for adults:\n## Overview\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) is being replaced by Personal Independence Payment (PIP) for disabled people.\n\nYou can only apply for DLA if you\u2019re under 16. You can apply for:\n\n- PIP if you\u2019re aged 16 or over and have not reached State Pension age\n\n- Attendance Allowance if you\u2019re State Pension age or older and do not get DLA\n\nIf you already get DLA, your claim might end. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you when this will happen and how you can apply for PIP.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## If you already get DLA\n\nIf you were born on or before 8 April 1948, you\u2019ll continue to get Disability Living Allowance (DLA) as long as you\u2019re eligible for it.\n\nIf you were born after 8 April 1948, your DLA will end. You\u2019ll get a letter telling you when that will happen. You\u2019ll continue to get DLA until that date.\n\nUnless your circumstances change, you do not need to do anything until you get this letter.\n\n## If your DLA claim is ending\n\nIf your DLA is ending, you\u2019ll get a letter inviting you to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP). If you do apply, you\u2019ll need to do it within 28 days.\n\nDLA will continue to be paid until at least 28 days after a decision is made about your PIP application.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for PIP, you\u2019ll start getting PIP payments as soon as your DLA payments end.\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nYou must contact the Disability Service Centre if your circumstances change, as this may affect how much DLA you get. For example:\n\n- the level of help you need or your condition changes\n\n- you go into hospital or a care home for more than 4 weeks\n\n- you go abroad for more than 13 weeks\n\n- you\u2019re imprisoned or held in detention\n\nYou must also contact the centre if:\n\n- you change your name, address or bank details\n\n- you want to stop receiving your benefit\n\n- your doctor\u2019s details change\n\nYou may be asked to claim Personal Independence Payment (PIP) after you report a change to your circumstances.\n\nYou could be taken to court or have to pay a penalty if you give wrong information or do not report a change in your circumstances.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nYou may have to repay the money if you:\n\n- did not report a change straight away\n\n- gave wrong information\n\n- were overpaid by mistake\n\nFind out how to repay the money you owe from benefit overpayment.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your DLA claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## DLA rates\n\nYou can no longer apply for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) if you\u2019re 16 or over. You might be able to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) instead.\n\nDLA is made up of 2 components (parts), the \u2018care component\u2019 and the \u2018mobility component\u2019. To get DLA you must be eligible for at least one of the components.\n\nHow much DLA you get depends on how your disability or health condition affects you.\n\n## If you need help looking after yourself\n\nYou might get the care component of DLA if you:\n\n- need help with things like washing, dressing, eating, using the toilet or communicating your needs\n\n- need supervision to avoid putting yourself or others in danger\n\n- need someone with you when you\u2019re on dialysis\n\n- cannot prepare a cooked main meal\n\nYou can get this part if no one is actually giving you the care you need, or you live alone.\n\n| Care component | Weekly rate | Level of help you need |\n\n| Lowest | \u00a323.70 | Help for some of the day or with preparing cooked meals |\n\n| Middle | \u00a360.00 | Frequent help or constant supervision during the day, supervision at night or someone to help you while on dialysis |\n\n| Highest | \u00a389.60 | Help or supervision throughout both day and night, or you\u2019re terminally ill |\n\nIf you get DLA and Constant Attendance Allowance, the care component of your DLA will be reduced by the amount of Constant Attendance Allowance you get.\n\n## If you have walking difficulties\n\nYou might get the mobility component of DLA if, when using your normal aid, you:\n\n- cannot walk\n\n- can only walk a short distance without severe discomfort\n\n- could become very ill if you try to walk\n\nYou might also get it if you:\n\n- have no feet or legs\n\n- are assessed as 100% blind and at least 80% deaf and you need someone with you when outdoors\n\n- are severely mentally impaired with severe behavioural problems and get the highest rate of care for DLA\n\n- need supervision most of the time when walking outdoors\n\n- are certified as severely sight impaired and you were aged between 3 and 64 on 11 April 2011\n\n| Mobility component | Weekly rate | Level of help you need |\n\n| Lower | \u00a323.70 | Guidance or supervision outdoors |\n\n| Higher | \u00a362.55 | You have any other, more severe, walking difficulty |\n\nYou must contact the Disability Service Centre if your circumstances change, for example your condition improves or you need more help.\n\n## Assessments\n\nYou might get a letter saying you need to attend an assessment to check the level of help you need. The letter explains why, and where you must go. Your benefit may be stopped if you do not go.\n\nAt the assessment, you\u2019ll be asked for identification. You can use a passport or any 3 of the following:\n\n- birth certificate\n\n- a full driving licence\n\n- life assurance policy\n\n- bank statements\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nDLA is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Wednesday.\n\nIf your payment date is on a bank holiday, you will usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Extra help\n\nYou could get extra benefits if you get Disability Living Allowance - check with the Disability Service Centre or the office dealing with your benefit.\n\nIf your disability or health condition stops you from working and you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit, you could get an extra amount on top of your Universal Credit standard allowance.\n\nIf you get DLA and you work, you might also be able to get the disability element of Working Tax Credit (up to \u00a33,220 a year, or up to \u00a34,610 if your disability is severe). Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to find out.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dla-disability-living-allowance-benefit", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am seventy years old and for the last three years have been having increasing problems with my mobility. I now use a walking stick to walk and cannot manage to walk any significant distance.", + "original_question": "Do my mobility problems entitle me to DLA?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1302", + "question": "Scenario: My brother's car was stolen and he no longer owns it. He reported to the DVLA and he is concerned about the vehicle tax bill.\n\nQuestion: Will he keep on paying vehicle tax bill?\n\nDocument - What to do if your vehicle has been stolen:\n## Report your vehicle as stolen\n\nTell the police and your insurance company straight away if your vehicle has been stolen.\n\n## Call your local police station\n\nDial 101 and ask to be put through to your local police.\n\nMake sure you have your vehicle\u2019s:\n\n- registration number\n\n- make and model\n\n- colour\n\nYou\u2019ll get a crime reference number. You\u2019ll need this when you call your insurance company.\n\nThe police will tell DVLA about the theft and if the vehicle is found.\n\n## Call your insurance company\n\nYour insurance company will tell you how to make an insurance claim.\n\n## Tell DVLA if your insurance company pays out\n\nIf your insurance company pays out a claim for your stolen vehicle, you must tell DVLA it\u2019s been sold to the insurance company.\n\nIf your vehicle had a personalised registration number that you want to keep, you need to get it back before you tell DVLA that you no longer own your vehicle.\n\nYou can tell DVLA online or fill in the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section of your vehicle log book. Send the perforated section to DVLA, with a letter saying when the payment was accepted and details of your insurance company.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give the remaining part of your log book to your insurance company.\n\nIf your insurance company asks for the whole log book then you\u2019ll need to send a letter to DVLA including:\n\n- the details of your insurance company\n\n- the date of the claim\n\n- your registration number\n\n- the make, model and colour of your vehicle\n\n- your signature\n\nSend your letter to:\n\n## Get a vehicle tax refund\n\nYour vehicle tax will be cancelled by DVLA once you tell them you no longer own your vehicle. If you pay by Direct Debit, the Direct Debit will be cancelled automatically.\n\nYou must apply for a refund instead if your vehicle had a personalised registration number that you want to keep.\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically get a refund cheque for any full months left on your vehicle tax. The refund is calculated from the date DVLA gets your information. The cheque is sent to the name and address on the vehicle log book.\n\nYou will not get a refund for:\n\n- any credit card fees\n\n- the 5% surcharge on some Direct Debit payments\n\n- the 10% surcharge on a single 6 month payment\n\n## If you had a private (personalised) registration number\n\nApply to keep your private (personalised) registration number as soon as your vehicle is stolen.\n\nThis means the number will stay in your name so you can assign it to another vehicle later.\n\nYou must apply within 2 years and 6 months of telling DVLA your vehicle has been stolen.\n\nYou can only get your private registration number back if:\n\n- you told the police about the theft\n\n- the vehicle had a valid MOT certificate when it was stolen\n\n- the vehicle had up-to-date vehicle tax when it was stolen\n\n## Apply to keep your registration number\n\nYou can only apply by post. It costs \u00a380.\n\nYou need to send all of the following to DVLA:\n\n- a V317 \u2018transfer or retain a vehicle registration number\u2019 form - the address is on the form\n\n- the vehicle\u2019s log book (V5C) or green \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip with a completed V62 \u2018application for a vehicle registration certificate V5C\u2019\n\n- the \u00a380 transfer fee\n\n## If you get your stolen vehicle back\n\nIf you\u2019ve already applied to keep your private registration number, you can apply to put it on another vehicle straight away.\n\nYou must apply before your vehicle is sold or scrapped.\n\n## If you do not get your stolen vehicle back\n\nYou must wait 6 months before you can transfer your private registration number to another vehicle. You can only do this by post.\n\n## Tell DVLA you no longer own your vehicle\n\nAfter you get your private registration number back, you can tell DVLA that you no longer own your vehicle.\n\nTell DVLA online or fill in the yellow \u2018sell, transfer or part-exchange your vehicle to the motor trade\u2019 section of your vehicle log book and send the perforated section to DVLA.\n\n## Apply for a vehicle tax refund\n\nYou will not automatically get a vehicle tax refund - you\u2019ll need to apply for one.\n\nContact DVLA to get form V33. Complete your form and send it to DVLA. You must include your crime reference number.\n\nCheck that your name and address is correct on your log book - otherwise you will not receive the refund.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your refund in 4 to 6 weeks.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-to-do-if-your-vehicle-has-been-stolen", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother's car was stolen and he no longer owns it. He reported to the DVLA and he is concerned about the vehicle tax bill.", + "original_question": "Will he keep on paying vehicle tax bill?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1303", + "question": "Scenario: My brother wants to be a qualified MOT tester for both group A and B vehicles.He wants to do MOT training and annual assessments.\n\nQuestion: Are there course providers he can book a course with?\n\nDocument - MOT tester training and annual assessments:\n## Staying qualified as an MOT tester\n\nYou must complete training and pass an assessment between April and March every year.\n\nYour MOT tester status will be suspended if you do not pass the annual assessment.\n\n## What you need to do\n\n- Do at least 3 hours of training each year and 16 hours in 5 years.\n\n- Keep a record of your training.\n\n- Book and take your assessment.\n\nIf you pass the assessment, you\u2019ll get a certificate. You can check if your certificate has been uploaded in the \u2018Annual assessment certificates\u2019 section of your MOT testing service profile. Contact your training provider if it\u2019s not been recorded correctly.\n\n## Training\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for planning and doing your training. You must keep a record of your training.\n\nYou can train on your own or in a group by:\n\n- studying MOT inspection manuals, special notices and the testing guide\n\n- discussing what you\u2019re learning with another tester (or group of testers)\n\n- demonstrating what you\u2019re learning to another tester\n\n- learning from a more experienced tester\n\nYou can also book a training course through one of these providers:\n\n- ABC Awards\n\n- City & Guilds\n\n- Institute of the Motor Industry\n\nCheck with the provider for the cost.\n\n## What you need to study\n\nThe topics you need to study depend on whether you test class 1 and 2 vehicles (\u2018group A\u2019) or class 3, 4, 5 and 7 vehicles (\u2018group B\u2019).\n\nSome topics are studied by both groups.\n\n## Group A (class 1 and 2 vehicles)\n\nIf you test vehicles in group A, you need to know about:\n\n- new vehicle technology\n\n- MOT test procedures\n\n- MOT testing requirements\n\n- corrosion and standards of repair\n\n- the MOT inspection manual for motorcycles and sidecars\n\n## Group B (class 3, 4, 5 and 7 vehicles)\n\nIf you test vehicles in group B, you need to know about:\n\n- new vehicle technology\n\n- MOT testing requirements\n\n- corrosion and standards of repair\n\n- the MOT inspection manual for cars and passenger vehicles\n\n## Groups A and B\n\nIf you test vehicles in both group A and group B, you need to study all the topics. You also need to train for at least 6 hours a year (instead of 3) and take 2 annual assessments.\n\n## Keeping a record of your training\n\nYou have to keep records for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to record:\n\n- the MOT annual training year (for example May 2021 to March 2022)\n\n- the date of the training\n\n- how long the training session lasted\n\n- what topics you covered during the session\n\n- notes on what you did, how you did it and what you learned\n\n- what vehicle groups your training covered\n\n- your name and MOT testing service user ID\n\nYou can use a template to record your training.\n\n## Taking your assessment\n\nYou can have your assessment at any point in the year, if you\u2019ve done your training.\n\nBook your assessment through one of these providers:\n\n- ABC awards\n\n- Institute of the Motor Industry\n\nYou have to pay for the assessment - check the cost with the provider.\n\n## What happens at the assessment\n\nYou take the assessment online, for example at home or at the provider.\n\nThe test is 30 multiple-choice questions. It usually takes around 1 hour.\n\nRead examples of the types of questions you\u2019ll be asked.\n\nYou can use your notes and the MOT inspection manual during the assessment.\n\n## After your assessment\n\nThe pass mark for 1 May 2021 to 31 March 2022 is 80%.\n\nYou get a certificate if you pass your assessment. Keep it with your training record.\n\nIf you do not pass, there\u2019s no limit on how many times you can take the assessment during the same year.\n\nYou must stop carrying out MOT tests if you have not passed by the end of the training year. Your MOT testing account will be suspended.\n\n## If you do not pass your assessment in the training year\n\nYou\u2019ll need to do the training and pass the annual assessment on the next year\u2019s topics. For example, if you did not pass the 2020 to 2021 assessment you will need to pass the 2021 to 2022 assessment.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve passed, you need to request and pass an MOT demonstration test. Your account will then be unsuspended.\n\nMOT demonstration tests are not taking place because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can still email DVSA to request an MOT demonstration test. DVSA will contact you when testing restarts.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- your MOT testing service user ID\n\n- the MOT centre number of where you want to take the test\n\nIf you\u2019ve carried out an MOT test in the last 12 months, DVSA will unsuspend your account and you\u2019ll be able to do MOT tests again if you do the training and pass the 2021 to 2022 assessment. You will not need to do a demonstration test.\n\nEmail DVSA if you\u2019ve carried out an MOT test in the last 12 months and have passed the 2021 to 2022 assessment, including:\n\n- your MOT testing service user ID\n\n- a copy of your certificate and training record\n\n- your MOT centre number", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mot-tester-training-assessments", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother wants to be a qualified MOT tester for both group A and B vehicles.He wants to do MOT training and annual assessments.", + "original_question": "Are there course providers he can book a course with?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1305", + "question": "Scenario: I an eighteen and in a moment of madness committed an act of shoplifting and was caught. I was arrested and taken to the police station to be charged and now have to face a magistrate.\n\nQuestion: Will I be given bail whilst I wait for my hearing?\n\nDocument - Being charged with a crime:\n## Overview\n\nIf you are charged with a crime you will be given a \u2018charge sheet\u2019. This sets out the details of the crime you are being charged with.\n\nThe police will decide if you:\n\n- can go home until the court hearing - but may have to follow certain rules, known as \u2018bail\u2019\n\n- are kept in police custody until you are taken to court for your hearing\n\nYour first court hearing after you are charged with a crime will be at a magistrates\u2019 court - even if your trial will be at a Crown Court later on.\n\nIf you\u2019re charged with a minor offence your case could be decided without going to court (\u2018single justice procedure\u2019). If you get a single justice procedure notice you must respond within 21 days.\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Young people\n\nIf you\u2019re under 18, your first hearing will usually be at a youth court.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 17, the police must arrange for you to be held in local authority accommodation, if possible, before you go to court.\n\nIf you\u2019re aged 12 to 16, the police can decide to keep you at the police station if they think it will protect the public.\n\n## Bail\n\nYou can be released on bail at the police station after you\u2019ve been charged. This means you will be able to go home until your court hearing.\n\nIf you are given bail, you might have to agree to conditions like:\n\n- living at a particular address\n\n- not contacting certain people\n\n- giving your passport to the police so you cannot leave the UK\n\n- reporting to a police station at agreed times, for example once a week\n\nIf you do not stick to these conditions you can be arrested again and be taken to prison to wait for your court hearing.\n\nWhen you attend your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court you might be given bail again until your trial begins.\n\n## Reasons you may not be given bail\n\nYou\u2019re unlikely to be given bail if:\n\n- you are charged with a serious offence, for example armed robbery\n\n- you\u2019ve been convicted of a serious crime in the past\n\n- you\u2019ve been given bail in the past and not stuck to the terms\n\n- the police think you may not turn up for your hearing\n\n- the police think you might commit a crime while you\u2019re on bail\n\n## Remand\n\nIf the court decides to put you on remand it means you will go to prison until your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court.\n\nIf you are under 18 you will be taken to a secure centre for young people, not an adult prison.\n\nYou will probably be put on remand if:\n\n- you have been charged with a serious crime, for example armed robbery\n\n- you have been convicted of a serious crime in the past\n\n- the police think you may not go to your court hearing\n\n- the police think you may commit another crime while on bail\n\n- you have been given bail before and not stuck to the terms\n\nWhen you attend your hearing at a magistrates\u2019 court, you might be put on remand again until your trial begins, even if you were previously given bail.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charged-crime", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I an eighteen and in a moment of madness committed an act of shoplifting and was caught. I was arrested and taken to the police station to be charged and now have to face a magistrate.", + "original_question": "Will I be given bail whilst I wait for my hearing?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1310", + "question": "Scenario: I am 25 and live in London. All of my life I have had the ambition of being a black cab driver and I already know a good deal about London's streets and landmarks.\n\nQuestion: Is there a difference between a London driver's licence and an ordinary one?\n\nDocument - Driving licences for taxis and private hire vehicles:\n## Type of driving licence\n\nYou need a licence to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle.\n\nThere are different ways for you apply depending on whether you\u2019ll operate:\n\n- outside London\n\n- inside London\n\nThere is a different process for Northern Ireland.\n\n## Outside London\n\nYou must apply to your local council for a licence to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV).\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo apply you must:\n\n- be able to work legally in the UK\n\n- have held a full GB or Northern Ireland driving licence - or a full EU driving licence - for at least 12 months\n\nYou must also be a \u2018fit and proper person\u2019 - which means your background and character will be checked. Your council may carry out an enhanced criminal records check from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS).\n\nYou may also need:\n\n- a medical examination\n\n- a \u2018knowledge\u2019 test\n\n- to take a driving test\n\n## Apply\n\nAsk your council what the requirements are in your area, including the fees they charge and how to apply.\n\n## Renew\n\nAsk your council how to renew your licence.\n\n## Inside London\n\nYou need to apply to Transport for London (TfL) to drive a taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV).\n\nCheck with TfL to see if you\u2019re eligible to become a taxi or PHV driver.\n\n## Apply\n\nContact TfL to apply for a taxi driver licence.\n\nContact TfL to apply for a PHV driver licence.\n\n## Renew\n\nTfL will send you a renewal form before your current taxi or PHV driver\u2019s licence expires.\n\nYou need to renew your licence before it expires or you will not be able to work as a taxi or PHV driver.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taxi-driver-licence", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 25 and live in London. All of my life I have had the ambition of being a black cab driver and I already know a good deal about London's streets and landmarks.", + "original_question": "Is there a difference between a London driver's licence and an ordinary one?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1312", + "question": "Scenario: I am a UK citizen but keep receiving suspicious texts about my visa application in the UK. I believe them to be a scam.\n\nQuestion: Can I report these to an authority?\n\nDocument - Avoid and report internet scams and phishing:\n## Report internet scams and phishing\n\nReport misleading websites, emails, phone numbers, phone calls or text messages you think may be suspicious.\n\nDo not give out private information (such as bank details or passwords), reply to text messages, download attachments or click on any links in emails if you\u2019re not sure they\u2019re genuine.\n\n## Suspicious emails\n\nForward the email to report@phishing.gov.uk.\n\nThe National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) will investigate it.\n\n## Text messages\n\nForward the text message to 7726 - it\u2019s free.\n\nThis will report the message to your mobile phone provider.\n\n## Adverts\n\nReport scam or misleading adverts to the Advertising Standards Authority. You can report adverts found online, including in search engines, websites or on social media.\n\nYou can also report scam or misleading adverts to Google if you found them in Google search results, or report to Bing if you found them in Bing search results.\n\n## If you think you\u2019ve been a victim of an online scam or fraud\n\nContact Action Fraud if you think you\u2019ve lost money or been hacked because of an online scam or fraud. You can:\n\n- report online - either sign up for an account or continue as a \u2018guest\u2019\n\n- call 0300 123 2040\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland and you think you\u2019ve been the victim of an online scam or fraud, report the crime to Police Scotland.\n\n## Avoid misleading government websites, emails and phone numbers\n\nSome websites, emails or phone numbers look like they\u2019re part of an official government service when they\u2019re not, or claim to help more than they actually do. Some make you pay for things that would be free or cheaper if you use the official government service.\n\nSearch on GOV.UK to find official government services and phone numbers, for example if you want to apply to the DVLA for a driving licence.\n\n## Report HMRC phishing emails, texts and phone call scams\n\nYou can report something suspicious to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019s (HMRC) phishing team, for example:\n\n- a text message (forward it to 60599 - you\u2019ll be charged at your network rate)\n\n- an email (forward it to phishing@hmrc.gov.uk)\n\n- a message in an application, for example WhatsApp - take a screenshot and forward as an email\n\n- phone calls asking for personal information or threatening a lawsuit (report a phone call)\n\nYour email address and phone number will be shared with other organisations if that\u2019s necessary to close down the scam.\n\n## If you\u2019ve given your personal details to someone\n\nContact the HMRC security team if you think you\u2019ve given any personal information in reply to a suspicious email or text.\n\nInclude brief details of what you disclosed (for example name, address, HMRC User ID, password) but do not give your personal details in the email.\n\n## Spotting HMRC scams\n\nYou\u2019ll never get an email, text message, message in an application (for example WhatsApp) or a phone call from HMRC which:\n\n- tells you about a tax rebate or penalty\n\n- asks for your personal or payment information\n\nCheck HMRC\u2019s guidance on recognising scams if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## Report visa and immigration scams\n\nYou\u2019ll never be asked to pay for a visa using:\n\n- cash\n\n- money transfer\n\nContact Action Fraud to report visa and immigration scams. You should include:\n\n- a copy of the suspicious email you received, the sender\u2019s email address and the date and time it was received\n\n- details of what you sent in a reply, if you replied - for example whether you sent your bank details, address or password\n\nYou can also report suspicious emails, letters or telephone calls to the police through Action Fraud.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/report-suspicious-emails-websites-phishing", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a UK citizen but keep receiving suspicious texts about my visa application in the UK. I believe them to be a scam.", + "original_question": "Can I report these to an authority?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1313", + "question": "Scenario: I need to move a large pice of mining equipment from Derby to Yorkshire. It weighs about 60 tonnes and is quite wide.\n\nQuestion: Does this constitute an abnormal load?\n\nDocument - Transporting abnormal loads:\n## Abnormal loads\n\nAn \u2018abnormal load\u2019 is a vehicle that has any of the following:\n\n- a weight of more than 44,000kg\n\n- an axle load of more than 10,000kg for a single non-driving axle and 11,500kg for a single driving axle\n\n- a width of more than 2.9 metres\n\n- a rigid length of more than 18.65 metres\n\nOther measurements may apply if you\u2019re transporting a load abroad.\n\nIf you\u2019re responsible for transporting an abnormal load, you need to follow regulations for notifying the authorities.\n\n## Notifying the authorities\n\nDepending on the load you\u2019re moving and your route, you may need to give advance warning to:\n\n- the police\n\n- highway authorities\n\n- bridge and structure owners like Network Rail\n\nYou can use Highways England\u2019s electronic service delivery for abnormal loads (ESDAL) to:\n\n- plot your route\n\n- notify the police, highways and bridge authorities of your abnormal load movements around the road network\n\n- get advance notice of any possible route problems\n\n- save vehicle details and routes for future use\n\nIf you do not use ESDAL you must fill in an abnormal loads movement application form.\n\n## Give advance notice\n\nYou must allow time to get the necessary clearances from the police, highway and bridge authorities. For example, a Special Order application must be completed 10 weeks before the scheduled date of the move.\n\nRead the factsheet for notice requirements.\n\n## Taking an abnormal load abroad\n\nIf you\u2019re taking an abnormal load outside the UK, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- register your trailer\n\n- get an abnormal load trailer keeper\u2019s certificate\n\n## Check if a load is abnormal in another country\n\nSome countries measure abnormal loads differently from the UK.\n\nCheck with each country you\u2019re travelling through to find out if the load you\u2019re transporting counts as abnormal - if it does, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- get an abnormal load trailer keeper\u2019s certificate\n\n- keep the certificate in your vehicle - you\u2019ll need to show it at the border", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/esdal-and-abnormal-loads", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I need to move a large pice of mining equipment from Derby to Yorkshire. It weighs about 60 tonnes and is quite wide.", + "original_question": "Does this constitute an abnormal load?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1315", + "question": "Scenario: Me my husband and our son live together. My son will be off to university next year and me and his father want to support his student loan application since we will not be able to afford to pay in full. My son has a small income he makes online, while me and his dad work in a law firm.\n\nQuestion: Does the combined household income include the income of my son?\n\nDocument - Support your child or partner's student finance application:\n## Give details of your household income\n\nYou might need to provide information about your income if your child or partner has applied for student finance in England.\n\nYour information will be used to work out if your child or partner can get extra money on top of the Tuition Fee Loan and the basic Maintenance Loan.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if your child or partner is applying in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n- You\u2019ll get an email with a link to create an online account or login. You must use your own account - you cannot use the same account as your child or partner.\n\n- Provide information about your income in the previous tax year.\n\n- If your income this tax year will be at least 15% less you can give your income details for the current tax year instead.\n\n- Send in evidence if you\u2019re asked for it.\n\n## What information you\u2019ll need\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know the following about a previous tax year:\n\n- your household\u2019s taxable income\n\n- details of your personal taxable income\n\nThe previous tax year will be:\n\n- 2019 to 2020 if your child or partner is applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- 2018 to 2019 if your child or partner is applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n- 2017 to 2018 if your child or partner is applying for the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n## If you\u2019re supporting your child\u2019s application\n\nYour household income is the combined income of:\n\n- you\n\n- your partner, if you live with them (even if you were not living with them during the previous tax year)\n\n- income your child gets from their own savings, investments or property, for example dividends or rent\n\n## If you\u2019re supporting your partner\u2019s application\n\nYour household income is the combined income of you and your partner (even if you were not living with them during the previous tax year).\n\n## How to provide information about your income\n\nOnce your child or partner has applied, you\u2019ll get an email within 24 hours with a link so you can provide your information.\n\nYou might need to create an account. You must use your own account - you cannot use the same account as your child or partner.\n\n## Household income your current income is lower\n\nYou can give your details for the current tax year if you think your household income will be at least 15% lower than the tax year you\u2019ve been asked to provide details for.\n\n## What happens next\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will check that the information you\u2019ve provided matches their records. This will usually take up to 2 weeks.\n\nYou might be asked to send evidence of your:\n\n- income - if the details you\u2019ve given do not match HMRC\u2019s records\n\n- marital status - if you\u2019re separated or divorced\n\nIt can take up to 6 weeks to review your evidence.\n\nStudent Finance England will write to your child or partner when all your information has been confirmed.\n\nIf your information is still being processed when your child or partner starts their course, they\u2019ll still get the Tuition Fee Loan and the basic Maintenance Loan (if they\u2019re eligible).\n\n## Supporting a continuing student\n\nYour child or partner needs to apply for student finance each year.\n\nWhen they apply, you\u2019ll get an email within 24 hours. The email will have a link to sign in to your account, where you must provide:\n\n- your marital status\n\n- any changes to the information you provided the previous year\n\n- your financial information for the previous tax year\n\n## If you provided income details for the current tax year\n\nYou can use the same income details that you provided last year.\n\nIf your income has dropped by at least 15% again, you can send in a new current tax year income assessment form.\n\n## If your income has gone down\n\nYou can apply for a current year income assessment if you think your household income this tax year will be at least 15% lower than the year you\u2019ve been asked to give details about.\n\nThe current tax year is 6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022.\n\n## Check you\u2019re eligible for a current year income assessment\n\nTo apply, the student must be on a course where their student finance is based on your household income.\n\nYour total estimated household income for the full current tax year must be at least 15% lower than for a previous tax year.\n\nThe previous tax year will be:\n\n- 2019 to 2020 if your child or partner is applying for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- 2018 to 2019 if your child or partner is applying for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n- 2017 to 2018 if your child or partner is applying for the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\nYou\u2019ll qualify for an assessment if your expected household income after the 15% decrease is between \u00a325,000 and \u00a358,220 a year.\n\nIf your household income is more than \u00a358,220 a year but less than \u00a370,004 a year, you may still qualify depending on the student\u2019s circumstances. Check how you\u2019re assessed and paid.\n\nIf your total household income is likely to be less than \u00a325,000 a year, you will not be able to get an assessment unless the student needs it to get:\n\n- a bursary or scholarship from a university or college\n\n- extra student finance for children or dependent adults\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply, you must have already created an online account and given information about a previous tax year.\n\nYou then need to complete these 3 steps.\n\n- Fill in a current year income assessment form and send it to Student Finance England.\n\n- Keep your income details up to date during the year.\n\n- Confirm your actual income at the end of the tax year.\n\n## Fill in a current year income assessment form\n\nFill in the form and send it to Student Finance England. You can do this through your online account, or print out the form and send it by post.\n\nIf you\u2019re the parent of the student and your partner also lives in the household, you\u2019ll both need to complete the form, even if only one income has changed.\n\nThis is because you\u2019re assessed on household income from the same tax year.\n\nWhen you\u2019re estimating your income, include:\n\n- working overtime or extra hours\n\n- any maternity or paternity pay\n\n- any casual work, shift work or contract work\n\n- any pay rises, bonuses or redundancy pay\n\n- income changes from changing jobs or returning to work\n\n- income from self-employment\n\n| Academic year | Course type | Form |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | Any | Current year income assessment form - 2021 to 2022 |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | Any | Current year income assessment form - 2020 to 2021 |\n\n| 2019 to 2020 | Part-time | Current year income assessment form for part-time students - 2019 to 2020 |\n\n## Keep your income details up to date\n\nIf your income changes during the year, send a new current tax year income assessment form to Student Finance England as soon as possible.\n\nYou\u2019ll be reassessed and the amount of money your student is entitled to might go up or down. Student Finance England will contact the student directly to let them know.\n\nIf you do not keep your income details up to date your student may be overpaid. They\u2019ll have to pay back any overpayment straight away.\n\n## Confirm your income at the end of the tax year\n\nAfter the tax year finishes you must send evidence of what your actual income was for the year. You\u2019ll usually be sent a form to fill in at the start of May.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nIf you have not completed your tax return yet, fill in the form to ask to delay providing evidence until after the Self Assessment deadline (January the following year).\n\nYou still need to return evidence for any other employment, for example if you had a salaried job earlier in the year.\n\n## If your household income is different from what you estimated\n\nHow much your student is entitled to will change. If your actual income was:\n\n- lower - your student might be entitled to more money\n\n- higher - your student will have to repay any extra money they received\n\nIf you do not send in evidence your student will only be entitled to basic student finance. They\u2019ll have to repay any extra money they got based on your income straight away.\n\n## If you need to update your details\n\nFill in a PFF2 or PFF3 form if:\n\n- you made a mistake\n\n- your circumstances change, such as your marital status or you have another child\n\n| Academic year | Course type | Form |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | Any | PFF2: income details form for full-time students - 2021 to 2022 |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | Any | PFF2: income details form - 2020 to 2021 |\n\n| 2019 to 2020 | Part-time | PFF3: income details form for part-time students - 2019 to 2020 |\n\nUse your online account to send the form to Student Finance England, or send it by post.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-child-or-partners-student-finance-application", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Me my husband and our son live together. My son will be off to university next year and me and his father want to support his student loan application since we will not be able to afford to pay in full. My son has a small income he makes online, while me and his dad work in a law firm.", + "original_question": "Does the combined household income include the income of my son?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1318", + "question": "Scenario: I am an employee at a farm in Lincolnshire. My employer provides workers with accommodation at the farm. My hourly wage is \u00a35.08/hour (less than the National Minimum Wage).\n\nQuestion: Could my wage of \u00a35.08/hour still be in compliance with the minimum wage?\n\nDocument - National Minimum Wage and Living Wage: accommodation:\n## Accommodation rates\n\nAccommodation provided by an employer can be taken into account when calculating the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nNo other kind of company benefit (such as food, a car, childcare vouchers) counts towards the minimum wage.\n\n## Accommodation offset rates\n\nThe accommodation rates are set in April each year.\n\n| Year | Daily accommodation offset rate | Weekly accommodation offset rate |\n\n| April 2021 (current rate) | \u00a38.36 | \u00a358.52 |\n\n## Previous rates\n\n| Year | Daily accommodation offset rate | Weekly accommodation offset rate |\n\n| 2020 | \u00a38.20 | \u00a357.40 |\n\n| 2019 | \u00a37.55 | \u00a352.85 |\n\n| 2018 | \u00a37 | \u00a349 |\n\n| 2017 | \u00a36.40 | \u00a344.80 |\n\n| 2016 (October) | \u00a36 | \u00a342 |\n\n| 2015 | \u00a35.35 | \u00a337.45 |\n\n| 2014 | \u00a35.08 | \u00a335.56 |\n\nUse the minimum wage calculator to check if it\u2019s been paid.\n\n## Using the offset rate to work out the minimum wage\n\nIf an employer charges more than the offset rate, the difference is taken off the worker\u2019s pay which counts for the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nThis means the higher the accommodation charge, the lower a worker\u2019s pay when calculating the minimum wage.\n\nIf the accommodation charge is at or below the offset rate, it does not have an effect on the worker\u2019s pay.\n\nIf the accommodation is free, the offset rate is added to the worker\u2019s pay.\n\nSee examples of accommodation rates for minimum wage calculations.\n\n## What counts as accommodation charges\n\nInclude these costs as part of your overall accommodation charges:\n\n- rent\n\n- charges for things like gas, electricity, furniture\n\n- laundry\n\n## Working out if the employer provides the accommodation\n\nThe employer is providing accommodation if any of these apply:\n\n- the accommodation comes with the job\n\n- the employer (or a connected person or company) owns or rents the property the worker lives in, even if there\u2019s no direct link between the job and the accommodation\n\n- the employer (or an owner, business partner, shareholder or director) gets a payment or benefit from the worker\u2019s landlord or a member of the landlord\u2019s family\n\nAccommodation costs count towards the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage, even if the worker does not have to use the accommodation to do the job. If the accommodation is optional, it only counts as a cost if the worker uses it.\n\n## Local housing authority and social housing providers\n\nIf someone working for a local housing authority or social housing provider gets accommodation from their work, this does not automatically count towards the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage.\n\nIt only counts if the accommodation is linked to the employment. For example, a care warden who has to live on site has their accommodation linked to their job.\n\n## Higher or further education institutions\n\nAccommodation is not counted when working out the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage if it\u2019s provided by a higher or further education institution to a worker who\u2019s enrolled on a full-time course with the institution.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nCall the Acas helpline if you have any questions about workers\u2019 rights and the minimum wage.\n\n## Effect on the minimum wage\n\nThis effect of accommodation rates on the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage depends on how much an employer charges for accommodation.\n\nIt\u2019s calculated by \u2018pay period\u2019, the intervals at which someone is being paid. This can be weekly, monthly or in irregular intervals like every 10 days.\n\nIf the accommodation is free, it still affects the minimum wage. There is an offset rate of \u00a38.36 per day for this.\n\nIt does not matter if the cost of the accommodation is taken from the worker\u2019s wages beforehand or if the worker pays the cost after they get their wages.\n\n## Examples", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-minimum-wage-accommodation", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an employee at a farm in Lincolnshire. My employer provides workers with accommodation at the farm. My hourly wage is \u00a35.08/hour (less than the National Minimum Wage).", + "original_question": "Could my wage of \u00a35.08/hour still be in compliance with the minimum wage?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1321", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Charlie is a computer engineer based in the UK and wants to take several laptops to India to do a computer training program for 3 months in a private academy.\n\nQuestion: Does he need to take a ATA Carnet?\n\nDocument - Take goods temporarily out of the UK:\n## Overview\n\nYou may need permission to temporarily move or export goods outside the UK, for example if you take sales samples to a trade show.\n\n## Temporarily export goods out of the UK\n\nMost countries have a limit on the value of goods you can bring in duty free.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking goods to another country temporarily for business reasons and you think you\u2019ll be over the duty free limit, you can usually get an ATA Carnet to avoid paying duty. This includes things like:\n\n- samples to show at trade fairs or sales meetings\n\n- publicity materials\n\n- recorded film and audio\n\n- equipment you need for work like laptops, cameras or sound equipment\n\n- goods for educational, scientific or cultural purposes\n\n- personal effects and sports goods\n\nIf you\u2019re taking a vehicle, get a CPD Carnet instead.\n\n## Licences for controlled goods\n\nCheck if your goods are controlled and you need a licence.\n\nTemporary licences are available for some types of controlled goods, for example:\n\n- controlled drugs for personal use\n\n- weapons or dual use goods and services\n\n## Get an ATA Carnet\n\nYou can use an ATA Carnet in around 70 countries.\n\nCountries have their own rules about what goods you can bring in with an ATA Carnet. Check with the issuer in the country you\u2019re exporting to.\n\nIf you cannot use an ATA Carnet (or do not want to pay the fee), use a Duplicate List to temporarily export your goods instead.\n\n## If you do not get an ATA Carnet or Duplicate List\n\nYou\u2019ll need to declare your goods and pay duties every time your goods go through customs.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to follow the full customs rules and processes for exports and imports.\n\nYou can check the rules on:\n\n- how to export goods from the UK\n\n- how to import goods into the UK\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for an ATA Carnet:\n\n- online\n\n- by post\n\nIf you\u2019re using a freight forwarder, they\u2019ll usually fill this in for you.\n\nIt usually costs \u00a3325.96 and you\u2019ll need to pay a security deposit.\n\nIf you\u2019re sending goods to Taiwan, apply for a Taiwan Carnet instead.\n\nATA Carnets are usually valid for 1 year. Ask the overseas customs authority if you need to extend it. You\u2019ll need their written approval before you apply for a replacement Carnet.\n\n## Using an ATA Carnet\n\nCall the helpline when you\u2019re planning your journey.\n\nThey\u2019ll check that a customs officer can stamp your Carnet at the port or airport your goods are being shipped from.\n\n## When you return to the UK\n\nGo through the red channel at customs if you\u2019re bringing the goods back in your baggage.\n\n## Get help with ATA Carnets\n\nContact the ATA Carnet Unit if you have a question.\n\n## If you do not use an ATA Carnet\n\nUse a Duplicate List to temporarily export goods if:\n\n- the country you\u2019re exporting to does not recognise the ATA Carnet\n\n- you do not want to pay for an ATA Carnet\n\nAs with an ATA Carnet, you do not have to pay customs duty or tax. There\u2019s no fee, but it\u2019s more complicated than exporting something with an ATA Carnet.\n\n## How to export goods using a Duplicate List\n\nBefore you export the goods, prepare a list on company stationery. Include:\n\n- a description of the goods\n\n- how many there are\n\n- serial numbers, if the goods have them\n\n- value of the goods\n\nAt customs, you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- 2 copies of the list\n\n- a completed form C&E 1246 (PDF, 638 KB)\n\nContact the helpline in advance to make the arrangements.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/taking-goods-out-uk-temporarily", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Charlie is a computer engineer based in the UK and wants to take several laptops to India to do a computer training program for 3 months in a private academy.", + "original_question": "Does he need to take a ATA Carnet?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1325", + "question": "Scenario: most of our family lives abroad and they include our children's cousins. we'd like for our children to get to know their cousins but unfortunately their school terms clash. when our children are on holiday, their cousins are in school.\n\nQuestion: can we take our children on holiday during the school term ?\n\nDocument - School attendance and absence:\n## Overview\n\nYou must make sure your child gets a full-time education that meets their needs (for example if they have special educational needs). You can send your child to school or educate them yourself.\n\nChildren must get an education between the school term after their 5th birthday and the last Friday in June in the school year they turn 16.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted by either:\n\n- the school - if your child is enrolled in school and does not turn up (even if they\u2019re only absent for a day)\n\n- the council\u2019s education welfare officer - if they think your child is not getting a suitable education at home\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you do not give your child an education. You\u2019ll normally get warnings and offers of help from the local council first.\n\nYou can get education and attendance information from your council.\n\n## When your child can miss school\n\nYou can only allow your child to miss school if either:\n\n- they\u2019re too ill to go in\n\n- you\u2019ve got advance permission from the school\n\nThere\u2019s extra support available if your child cannot go to school for long periods because of a health problem.\n\n## Holidays in term time\n\nYou have to get permission from the head teacher if you want to take your child out of school during term time.\n\nYou can only do this if:\n\n- you make an application to the head teacher in advance (as a parent the child normally lives with)\n\n- there are exceptional circumstances\n\nIt\u2019s up to the head teacher how many days your child can be away from school if leave is granted.\n\nYou can be fined for taking your child on holiday during term time without the school\u2019s permission.\n\n## School trips\n\nYour child\u2019s school can ask you for a voluntary contribution to the cost of activities like school trips. They cannot stop your child from attending if you do not pay, but they should cancel the activity if there is not enough money to cover the cost of it.\n\n## Help with getting your child to go to school\n\nIf you\u2019re having trouble getting your child to go to school, the school and local council can help.\n\nThe school will discuss attendance problems with you and should agree a plan with you to improve your child\u2019s attendance.\n\nA lot of local councils have teams that help parents improve their child\u2019s attendance at school. The council will tell you if they\u2019re able to help. Forms of help could include:\n\n- support to reduce the burden on children where families are in difficulty (for example if a child is spending a lot of time caring for someone)\n\n- working with families and schools to overcome bullying and other serious problems\n\n- a parenting contract\n\n## Parenting contract\n\nThis is a voluntary written agreement between you and either the local council or the school\u2019s governing body. Between you, you agree to find ways to improve your child\u2019s attendance.\n\nIf you refuse to make a contract or you do not stick to it, it can be used as evidence if the local council decides to prosecute you.\n\n## Legal action to enforce school attendance\n\nLocal councils and schools can use various legal powers if your child is missing school without a good reason. They can give you:\n\n- a Parenting Order\n\n- an Education Supervision Order\n\n- a School Attendance Order\n\n- a fine (sometimes known as a \u2018penalty notice\u2019)\n\nYou can be given one or more of these but the council does not have to do this before prosecuting you.\n\n## Parenting Order\n\nThis means you have to go to parenting classes. You\u2019ll also have to do what the court says to improve your child\u2019s school attendance.\n\n## Education Supervision Order\n\nIf the council thinks you need support getting your child to go to school but you\u2019re not co-operating, they can apply to a court for an Education Supervision Order.\n\nA supervisor will be appointed to help you get your child into education. The local council can do this instead of prosecuting you, or as well.\n\n## School Attendance Order\n\nYou\u2019ll get a School Attendance Order if the local council thinks your child is not getting an education.\n\nYou have 15 days to provide evidence that you\u2019ve registered your child with the school listed in the order or that you\u2019re giving them home education. If you do not, you could be prosecuted or given a fine.\n\n## Fine\n\nYour local council can give each parent a fine of \u00a360, which rises to \u00a3120 each if you do not pay within 21 days. If you do not pay the fine after 28 days you may be prosecuted for your child\u2019s absence from school.\n\nCheck your local council\u2019s rules on when you can be fined.\n\n## Prosecution\n\nYou could get a fine of up to \u00a32,500, a community order or a jail sentence up to 3 months. The court also gives you a Parenting Order.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/school-attendance-absence", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "most of our family lives abroad and they include our children's cousins. we'd like for our children to get to know their cousins but unfortunately their school terms clash. when our children are on holiday, their cousins are in school.", + "original_question": "can we take our children on holiday during the school term ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1332", + "question": "Scenario: My husband and I have just bought a 1920s cottage in the countryside as a second property. It has open fireplaces, which we like but we are worried that we are polluting the environment.\n\nQuestion: Is it legal to use our open fireplaces?\n\nDocument - Preventing air pollution:\n## Local controls\n\nYour local council can introduce extra controls on emissions if there are air quality problems in your area.\n\n## Air Quality Management Areas\n\nIf air quality falls below required standards, your council will declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and plan for improvements.\n\nCheck if your business is in an AQMA and if you\u2019re affected by:\n\n- road charging\n\n- parking restrictions\n\n- increased restrictions on waiting and loading times\n\n- taxes to encourage moving goods by rail\n\n- the review of planning applications by a pollution control team\n\n## Smoke control areas\n\nYour council can also declare a smoke control area. This means you can only use authorised fuels, or exempted furnaces and boilers. Chimney smoke is not allowed, with only a few exceptions.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a31,000 for each offence.\n\nIf you\u2019re a contractor working at different locations you should always check if you\u2019re in a smoke control area.\n\n## Dark smoke\n\nThe darker the smoke, the more polluting it tends to be. Smoke darker than a specified shade of grey is officially classified as \u2018dark smoke\u2019.\n\nThe Ringelmann chart is used to define dark smoke. The chart has 5 shades of grey with 0 being clear and 5 being black. Smoke is considered \u2018dark\u2019 if it is shade 2 or darker.\n\n## Chimney and boiler restrictions\n\nYou mustn\u2019t release dark smoke from your premises, including from:\n\n- chimneys serving furnaces\n\n- fixed boilers or industrial plants, whether they\u2019re attached to buildings or not\n\nThere are some exemptions if emissions won\u2019t damage health or cause a nuisance.\n\n## Boilers and furnaces\n\nYou need a permit for most generators, furnaces and boilers.\n\n## Get a permit\n\nThe permit you need depends on the type and amount of fuel you\u2019re burning.\n\n## Part A(1) environmental permit\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Part A(1) environmental permit if your appliances:\n\n- have an aggregated rated thermal input of 50 megawatts (mw) or more\n\n- burn waste oil, recovered oil or any fuel made from waste, with a rated thermal input of 3 to 50 mw\n\nGet a Part A(1) permit from:\n\n- Environment Agency if you\u2019re in England\n\n- Natural Resources Wales (NRW)\n\n- Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA)\n\n## Part B environmental permit\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Part B environmental permit if your appliances:\n\n- have a rated thermal input of 20 to 50 mw\n\n- burn waste excluded from the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) with a rated thermal input of 0.4 to 3 mw\n\nGet a Part B permit from:\n\n- your local council if you\u2019re in England and Wales\n\n- SEPA if you\u2019re in Scotland\n\n## Small Waste Incineration Plant (SWIP) environmental permit\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Small Waste Incineration Plant (SWIP) environmental permit if your appliance can burn either:\n\n- less than 10 tonnes per day of hazardous waste\n\n- less than 3 tonnes per hour of non-hazardous waste (equivalent to 72 tonnes per day)\n\nGet a SWIP environmental permit from your local council.\n\n## Installing furnaces\n\nYour local council must approve:\n\n- the use of a new non-domestic furnace in a building, fixed boiler or industrial plant\n\n- changes to an existing furnace\n\nContact your local council about getting approval for grit and dust arrestment equipment for your furnace if it\u2019s going to be used to burn:\n\n- pulverised fuel\n\n- any other solid matter at a rate of 45.4 kilograms (kg) or more an hour\n\n- liquid or gaseous matter at a rate equivalent to 366.4 kilowatts (kw) or more\n\nYou might not need approval if your boiler won\u2019t create emissions that can damage health or cause a nuisance. Contact your local council to check if you\u2019re exempt.\n\n## Chimney height requirements\n\nYour chimney must be high enough to prevent smoke, grit, dust, gases and fume emissions from damaging health or causing a nuisance. Your local council can refuse your application if your chimney isn\u2019t high enough.\n\nYou must apply for chimney height approval if your boiler\u2019s fuel consumption either:\n\n- exceeds 45.4 kg of solid fuel an hour\n\n- exceeds 366.4 kw of liquid or gas fuel\n\nIf your approval application is refused your local council will tell you the minimum chimney height you need.\n\nA chimney may be exempt if it\u2019s used as part of:\n\n- a temporary replacement, for example if the boiler or furnace is being repaired\n\n- a temporary source of heat or power for building works\n\n- an auxiliary plant to bring the main plant up to operating temperatures\n\n- a mobile source of heat or power for agricultural purposes\n\nIf the use of your chimney changes you must re-apply for approval.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/preventing-air-pollution", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My husband and I have just bought a 1920s cottage in the countryside as a second property. It has open fireplaces, which we like but we are worried that we are polluting the environment.", + "original_question": "Is it legal to use our open fireplaces?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1334", + "question": "Scenario: i run a small business that supplies home appliances on credit. i supplied a customer with a washing machine and dish washer two months ago but they are yet to pay me.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to charge interest on late payments ?\n\nDocument - Invoicing and taking payment from customers:\n## Overview\n\nIf you sell a customer a product or a service, you need to give them an invoice (bill) by law if both you and the customer are registered for VAT (a business to business transaction). An invoice is not the same as a receipt, which is an acknowledgement of payment.\n\nThe invoice must include certain information such as:\n\n- how much the customer needs to pay you\n\n- when the customer must pay you\n\nYou and the customer also have certain obligations on payment.\n\n## Invoices - what they must include\n\nYour invoice must include:\n\n- a unique identification number\n\n- your company name, address and contact information\n\n- the company name and address of the customer you\u2019re invoicing\n\n- a clear description of what you\u2019re charging for\n\n- the date the goods or service were provided (supply date)\n\n- the date of the invoice\n\n- the amount(s) being charged\n\n- VAT amount if applicable\n\n- the total amount owed\n\n## Sole trader invoices\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader, the invoice must also include:\n\n- your name and any business name being used\n\n- an address where any legal documents can be delivered to you if you are using a business name\n\n## Limited company invoices\n\nIf your company is a limited company, you must include the full company name as it appears on the certificate of incorporation.\n\nIf you decide to put names of your directors on your invoices, you must include the names of all directors.\n\n## VAT invoices\n\nYou must use VAT invoices if you and your customer are VAT registered.\n\nThese include more information than non-VAT invoices.\n\n## Payment - obligations\n\n## Your right to be paid\n\nYou can set your own payment terms, such as discounts for early payment and payment upfront.\n\nUnless you agree a payment date, the customer must pay you within 30 days of getting your invoice or the goods or service.\n\nYou can use a statutory demand to formally request payment of what you\u2019re owed.\n\n## Charging interest for late payment\n\nYou have the right to charge interest for late payment, but you can choose not to.\n\n## Liability for disputed card payments\n\nIf a customer asks their credit or debit card issuer to reverse a transaction, they can reclaim the value of the transaction from you. This is known as a \u2018chargeback\u2019.\n\nChargebacks can be made when:\n\n- the purchased item never arrived\n\n- the item wasn\u2019t as described\n\n- a customer\u2019s card was used without their permission to purchase the item fraudulently.\n\nYou can be charged up to 120 days after the transaction has been debited or from when the goods or services were due to be received.\n\n## Minimising chargebacks\n\nIf a customer uses their PIN, you\u2019ll only be liable for a chargeback if the goods are faulty or aren\u2019t as described.\n\nWhere you can\u2019t accept a PIN, a clear signature will help but there is no guarantee against a chargeback.\n\nFor card-not-present transactions, such as online sales, the risks of chargeback will be higher.\n\n## Regulation\n\nIf you want to set up a business that takes a sum of money from a customer every time they use a service, for example, online trading, you may need to be authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority.\n\nIf customers pay you in large amounts of cash, your business may need to be \nregistered for an anti-money laundering scheme.\n\n## Protecting customer data\n\nYou must follow the rules on storing customer data to protect their financial information.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/invoicing-and-taking-payment-from-customers", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "i run a small business that supplies home appliances on credit. i supplied a customer with a washing machine and dish washer two months ago but they are yet to pay me.", + "original_question": "Do I have to charge interest on late payments ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1336", + "question": "Scenario: My friend owns a restaurant and his kitchen chimney produces a lot of dark smoke which is a nuisance to neighbors and the surroundings. He always says that he installed a low height chimney during construction.\n\nQuestion: Is a high chimney installation a requirement during building construction?\n\nDocument - Preventing air pollution:\n## Local controls\n\nYour local council can introduce extra controls on emissions if there are air quality problems in your area.\n\n## Air Quality Management Areas\n\nIf air quality falls below required standards, your council will declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and plan for improvements.\n\nCheck if your business is in an AQMA and if you\u2019re affected by:\n\n- road charging\n\n- parking restrictions\n\n- increased restrictions on waiting and loading times\n\n- taxes to encourage moving goods by rail\n\n- the review of planning applications by a pollution control team\n\n## Smoke control areas\n\nYour council can also declare a smoke control area. This means you can only use authorised fuels, or exempted furnaces and boilers. Chimney smoke is not allowed, with only a few exceptions.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a31,000 for each offence.\n\nIf you\u2019re a contractor working at different locations you should always check if you\u2019re in a smoke control area.\n\n## Dark smoke\n\nThe darker the smoke, the more polluting it tends to be. Smoke darker than a specified shade of grey is officially classified as \u2018dark smoke\u2019.\n\nThe Ringelmann chart is used to define dark smoke. The chart has 5 shades of grey with 0 being clear and 5 being black. Smoke is considered \u2018dark\u2019 if it is shade 2 or darker.\n\n## Chimney and boiler restrictions\n\nYou mustn\u2019t release dark smoke from your premises, including from:\n\n- chimneys serving furnaces\n\n- fixed boilers or industrial plants, whether they\u2019re attached to buildings or not\n\nThere are some exemptions if emissions won\u2019t damage health or cause a nuisance.\n\n## Boilers and furnaces\n\nYou need a permit for most generators, furnaces and boilers.\n\n## Get a permit\n\nThe permit you need depends on the type and amount of fuel you\u2019re burning.\n\n## Part A(1) environmental permit\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Part A(1) environmental permit if your appliances:\n\n- have an aggregated rated thermal input of 50 megawatts (mw) or more\n\n- burn waste oil, recovered oil or any fuel made from waste, with a rated thermal input of 3 to 50 mw\n\nGet a Part A(1) permit from:\n\n- Environment Agency if you\u2019re in England\n\n- Natural Resources Wales (NRW)\n\n- Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA)\n\n## Part B environmental permit\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Part B environmental permit if your appliances:\n\n- have a rated thermal input of 20 to 50 mw\n\n- burn waste excluded from the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) with a rated thermal input of 0.4 to 3 mw\n\nGet a Part B permit from:\n\n- your local council if you\u2019re in England and Wales\n\n- SEPA if you\u2019re in Scotland\n\n## Small Waste Incineration Plant (SWIP) environmental permit\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Small Waste Incineration Plant (SWIP) environmental permit if your appliance can burn either:\n\n- less than 10 tonnes per day of hazardous waste\n\n- less than 3 tonnes per hour of non-hazardous waste (equivalent to 72 tonnes per day)\n\nGet a SWIP environmental permit from your local council.\n\n## Installing furnaces\n\nYour local council must approve:\n\n- the use of a new non-domestic furnace in a building, fixed boiler or industrial plant\n\n- changes to an existing furnace\n\nContact your local council about getting approval for grit and dust arrestment equipment for your furnace if it\u2019s going to be used to burn:\n\n- pulverised fuel\n\n- any other solid matter at a rate of 45.4 kilograms (kg) or more an hour\n\n- liquid or gaseous matter at a rate equivalent to 366.4 kilowatts (kw) or more\n\nYou might not need approval if your boiler won\u2019t create emissions that can damage health or cause a nuisance. Contact your local council to check if you\u2019re exempt.\n\n## Chimney height requirements\n\nYour chimney must be high enough to prevent smoke, grit, dust, gases and fume emissions from damaging health or causing a nuisance. Your local council can refuse your application if your chimney isn\u2019t high enough.\n\nYou must apply for chimney height approval if your boiler\u2019s fuel consumption either:\n\n- exceeds 45.4 kg of solid fuel an hour\n\n- exceeds 366.4 kw of liquid or gas fuel\n\nIf your approval application is refused your local council will tell you the minimum chimney height you need.\n\nA chimney may be exempt if it\u2019s used as part of:\n\n- a temporary replacement, for example if the boiler or furnace is being repaired\n\n- a temporary source of heat or power for building works\n\n- an auxiliary plant to bring the main plant up to operating temperatures\n\n- a mobile source of heat or power for agricultural purposes\n\nIf the use of your chimney changes you must re-apply for approval.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/preventing-air-pollution", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend owns a restaurant and his kitchen chimney produces a lot of dark smoke which is a nuisance to neighbors and the surroundings. He always says that he installed a low height chimney during construction.", + "original_question": "Is a high chimney installation a requirement during building construction?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1337", + "question": "Scenario: I run a hotel business and our fireplace is always smoking and produces a dark smoke which causes a lot of nuisance and complaints from my customers. In one occasion an asthmatic patient nearly collapsed.\n\nQuestion: Are there chimney restrictions put across by the local council?\n\nDocument - Preventing air pollution:\n## Local controls\n\nYour local council can introduce extra controls on emissions if there are air quality problems in your area.\n\n## Air Quality Management Areas\n\nIf air quality falls below required standards, your council will declare an Air Quality Management Area (AQMA) and plan for improvements.\n\nCheck if your business is in an AQMA and if you\u2019re affected by:\n\n- road charging\n\n- parking restrictions\n\n- increased restrictions on waiting and loading times\n\n- taxes to encourage moving goods by rail\n\n- the review of planning applications by a pollution control team\n\n## Smoke control areas\n\nYour council can also declare a smoke control area. This means you can only use authorised fuels, or exempted furnaces and boilers. Chimney smoke is not allowed, with only a few exceptions.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a31,000 for each offence.\n\nIf you\u2019re a contractor working at different locations you should always check if you\u2019re in a smoke control area.\n\n## Dark smoke\n\nThe darker the smoke, the more polluting it tends to be. Smoke darker than a specified shade of grey is officially classified as \u2018dark smoke\u2019.\n\nThe Ringelmann chart is used to define dark smoke. The chart has 5 shades of grey with 0 being clear and 5 being black. Smoke is considered \u2018dark\u2019 if it is shade 2 or darker.\n\n## Chimney and boiler restrictions\n\nYou mustn\u2019t release dark smoke from your premises, including from:\n\n- chimneys serving furnaces\n\n- fixed boilers or industrial plants, whether they\u2019re attached to buildings or not\n\nThere are some exemptions if emissions won\u2019t damage health or cause a nuisance.\n\n## Boilers and furnaces\n\nYou need a permit for most generators, furnaces and boilers.\n\n## Get a permit\n\nThe permit you need depends on the type and amount of fuel you\u2019re burning.\n\n## Part A(1) environmental permit\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Part A(1) environmental permit if your appliances:\n\n- have an aggregated rated thermal input of 50 megawatts (mw) or more\n\n- burn waste oil, recovered oil or any fuel made from waste, with a rated thermal input of 3 to 50 mw\n\nGet a Part A(1) permit from:\n\n- Environment Agency if you\u2019re in England\n\n- Natural Resources Wales (NRW)\n\n- Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA)\n\n## Part B environmental permit\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Part B environmental permit if your appliances:\n\n- have a rated thermal input of 20 to 50 mw\n\n- burn waste excluded from the Industrial Emissions Directive (IED) with a rated thermal input of 0.4 to 3 mw\n\nGet a Part B permit from:\n\n- your local council if you\u2019re in England and Wales\n\n- SEPA if you\u2019re in Scotland\n\n## Small Waste Incineration Plant (SWIP) environmental permit\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Small Waste Incineration Plant (SWIP) environmental permit if your appliance can burn either:\n\n- less than 10 tonnes per day of hazardous waste\n\n- less than 3 tonnes per hour of non-hazardous waste (equivalent to 72 tonnes per day)\n\nGet a SWIP environmental permit from your local council.\n\n## Installing furnaces\n\nYour local council must approve:\n\n- the use of a new non-domestic furnace in a building, fixed boiler or industrial plant\n\n- changes to an existing furnace\n\nContact your local council about getting approval for grit and dust arrestment equipment for your furnace if it\u2019s going to be used to burn:\n\n- pulverised fuel\n\n- any other solid matter at a rate of 45.4 kilograms (kg) or more an hour\n\n- liquid or gaseous matter at a rate equivalent to 366.4 kilowatts (kw) or more\n\nYou might not need approval if your boiler won\u2019t create emissions that can damage health or cause a nuisance. Contact your local council to check if you\u2019re exempt.\n\n## Chimney height requirements\n\nYour chimney must be high enough to prevent smoke, grit, dust, gases and fume emissions from damaging health or causing a nuisance. Your local council can refuse your application if your chimney isn\u2019t high enough.\n\nYou must apply for chimney height approval if your boiler\u2019s fuel consumption either:\n\n- exceeds 45.4 kg of solid fuel an hour\n\n- exceeds 366.4 kw of liquid or gas fuel\n\nIf your approval application is refused your local council will tell you the minimum chimney height you need.\n\nA chimney may be exempt if it\u2019s used as part of:\n\n- a temporary replacement, for example if the boiler or furnace is being repaired\n\n- a temporary source of heat or power for building works\n\n- an auxiliary plant to bring the main plant up to operating temperatures\n\n- a mobile source of heat or power for agricultural purposes\n\nIf the use of your chimney changes you must re-apply for approval.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/preventing-air-pollution", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a hotel business and our fireplace is always smoking and produces a dark smoke which causes a lot of nuisance and complaints from my customers. In one occasion an asthmatic patient nearly collapsed.", + "original_question": "Are there chimney restrictions put across by the local council?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1338", + "question": "Scenario: I am on a two year fixed term contract for a project that my employer is undertaking. We are building a bridge. There are many permanent staff also in the company.\n\nQuestion: Am I entitled to the same rights as permanent employees?\n\nDocument - Fixed-term employment contracts:\n## What counts as a fixed-term contract\n\nEmployees are on a fixed-term contract if both of the following apply:\n\n- they have an employment contract with the organisation they work for\n\n- their contract ends on a particular date, or on completion of a specific task, eg a project\n\nWorkers don\u2019t count as fixed-term employees if they:\n\n- have a contract with an agency rather than the company they\u2019re working for\n\n- are a student or trainee on a work-experience placement\n\n- are working under a \u2018contract of apprenticeship\u2019\n\n- are a member of the armed forces\n\nThey may be a fixed-term employee if they\u2019re:\n\n- a seasonal or casual employee taken on for up to 6 months during a peak period\n\n- a specialist employee for a project\n\n- covering for maternity leave\n\n## Employees' rights\n\nEmployers must not treat workers on fixed-term contracts less favourably than permanent employees doing the same or largely the same job, unless the employer can show that there is a good business reason to do so.\n\nThis is known as \u2018objective justification\u2019.\n\nEmployers must also ensure that fixed-term employees get:\n\n- the same pay and conditions as permanent staff\n\n- the same or equivalent benefits package\n\n- information about permanent vacancies in the organisation\n\n- protection against redundancy or dismissal\n\nHowever, they\u2019re only entitled to the same rights as permanent staff working for the same employer, and not an associated employer\u2019s organisation.\n\nAnyone who\u2019s worked continually for the same employer for 2 years or more has the same redundancy rights as a permanent employee.\n\n## Workplace disputes\n\nWorkers on fixed-term contracts should try to sort out any concerns they have with their manager.\n\nIf they\u2019re still not satisfied, they can ask their employer for a written statement explaining their treatment, or complain using the employer\u2019s grievance procedure.\n\nTheir final option is to make a claim to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Renewing or ending a fixed-term contract\n\n## Ending a fixed-term contract\n\nFixed-term contracts will normally end automatically when they reach the agreed end date. The employer doesn\u2019t have to give any notice.\n\n## If a contract isn\u2019t renewed\n\nThis is considered to be a dismissal, and if the employee has 2 years\u2019 service the employer needs to show that there\u2019s a \u2018fair\u2019 reason for not renewing the contract (eg, if they were planning to stop doing the work the contract was for).\n\nWorkers have the right:\n\n- not to be unfairly dismissed after 2 years\u2019 service - for employees who were in employment before 6 April 2012, it\u2019s 1 year\u2019s service\n\n- to a written statement of reasons for not renewing the contract - after 1 year\u2019s service\n\nThey may be entitled to statutory redundancy payments after 2 years\u2019 service if the reason for non-renewal is redundancy.\n\n## If the employer wants to end the contract earlier\n\nWhat happens depends on the terms of the contract. If it says:\n\n- nothing about being ended early, the employer may be in breach of contract\n\n- it can be ended early, and the employer has given proper notice, the contract can be ended\n\n## Minimum notice period\n\nFixed-term employees have the right to a minimum notice period of:\n\n- 1 week if they\u2019ve worked continuously for at least 1 month\n\n- 1 week for each year they\u2019ve worked, if they\u2019ve worked continuously for 2 years or more\n\nThese are the minimum periods. The contract may specify a longer notice period.\n\nIf an employer ends a contract without giving the proper notice, the employee may be able to claim breach of contract.\n\n## Working longer than the contract\u2019s end date\n\nIf an employee continues working past the end of a contract without it being formally renewed, there\u2019s an \u2018implied agreement\u2019 by the employer that the end date has changed.\n\nThe employer still needs to give proper notice if they want to dismiss the worker.\n\n## The limit on renewing a fixed-term contract\n\nAny employee on fixed-term contracts for 4 or more years will automatically become a permanent employee, unless the employer can show there is a good business reason not to do so.\n\nHowever, an employer and unions (or a staff association) may make a collective agreement that removes the automatic right to become a permanent employee in these circumstances.\n\n## Renewing a fixed-term contract on less favourable terms\n\nIf an employer wants to do this, the employee can negotiate with them to reach an agreement.\n\nIf the contract ends and they have been unable to reach an agreement, the employee may be able to claim unfair dismissal.\n\n## Ending the contract early\n\nEmployees must hand in their notice 1 week in advance if they\u2019ve worked for an employer for a month or more. The contract may state that they need to give more notice.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fixed-term-contracts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am on a two year fixed term contract for a project that my employer is undertaking. We are building a bridge. There are many permanent staff also in the company.", + "original_question": "Am I entitled to the same rights as permanent employees?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1344", + "question": "Scenario: I want to transfer one of my employees to our sister company in France within the next 24 hours because his services are needed there urgently.\n\nQuestion: Could this be reasonable use of the flexibility clause?\n\nDocument - Changing an employment contract:\n## Getting agreement\n\nUsually, the employer and employee both need to agree to any contract changes. But an employee can insist on a change if they have a legal right to it.\n\n## Employers\n\nYou must get an employee\u2019s agreement if you want to make changes to their contract.\n\nYou should:\n\n- consult or negotiate with employees or their representatives (for example from a trade union or staff association)\n\n- explain the reasons for changes\n\n- listen to alternative ideas from employees\n\nYou may also want to talk with workers, asking them about their future plans. With older employees this can include talking about their thoughts on retirement and their options for staying in the job, for example changes to their role, hours or working pattern.\n\n## Employees\n\nExplain to your employer why you want to make the changes. You can insist on a change if it\u2019s covered by a statutory right - for example not working on a Sunday.\n\n## Making changes\n\nOnce employers have agreed on changes with their staff, they need to:\n\n- update the terms of their employees\u2019 \u2018written statement\u2019 of employment conditions\n\n- write to their employees within a month to tell them exactly what has changed\n\nIf an employer changes terms and conditions that are not in the written statement (for example the right to sick leave), they should tell their employees where to find information about the change. This could be in a company handbook, noticeboard or intranet site.\n\n## Collective agreements\n\nEmployers must write to their staff to let them know about any changes to collective agreements with trade unions or staff associations.\n\nThese changes might affect the terms of employees\u2019 written statements, including pay and working hours, whether or not they\u2019re a member of the union or staff association.\n\n## Flexibility clauses\n\nFlexibility clauses are terms in a contract that give employers the right to change some conditions of employment, for example relocation.\n\nEmployers can only use flexibility clauses to make reasonable changes.\n\n## Changes of employer\n\nIf someone starts working for a different employer, they\u2019ll normally have to be given a new written statement within 2 months.\n\nHowever, if the name of a business changes or there\u2019s a new employer but no other changes in terms and conditions, the employer does not need to issue a new written statement. They still need to write to their staff about the changes within a month.\n\n## Disciplinary measures\n\nSometimes changes to an employee\u2019s terms and conditions, like a demotion, can happen as a result of a disciplinary measure.\n\nEmployers should make sure the staff handbook or intranet site contains information about how this could happen in the section dealing with disciplinary procedures.\n\n## Dealing with problems\n\nProblems can arise if:\n\n- an employer tries to change a contract without agreement, or re-employs someone on new terms and conditions\n\n- there is a breach of contract where one of the terms in a contract is broken (for example an employer does not pay agreed wages or employees do not work agreed hours)\n\n## Solving disputes\n\nEmployers and their staff should try to solve disputes about contract changes by talking informally or through mediation.\n\nEmployees can also get advice from their trade union representative (if they\u2019re a member of a union), Citizen\u2019s Advice or Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service). In Northern Ireland, they can get advice from the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) .\n\nIf the problem cannot be solved, employers or employees may have the right to take legal action. It\u2019s important to get advice first because legal action can be expensive. Trade union members may be able to get legal advice from their union.\n\n## Making a change without agreement\n\nIf an employer makes a change to a contract without getting agreement (including by using flexibility clauses unreasonably), employees may:\n\n- have the right to refuse to work under the new conditions\n\n- say that they\u2019re working any new terms under protest, and are treating the change as a breach of contract\n\n- resign and claim constructive dismissal\n\n- be able to take a case to an employment tribunal\n\nIn Northern Ireland an employment tribunal is known as an \u2018industrial tribunal\u2019.\n\nIf an employee disagrees with new terms and conditions but does not say or do anything, this may count as agreeing to the changes.\n\n## Re-employment on new terms and conditions\n\nEmployers may, as a last resort, end a contract and re-employ someone on new terms and conditions.\n\nEmployers who are dismissing employees must follow the legally required:\n\n- redundancy procedure in England, Wales and Scotland\n\n- statutory minimum dismissal in Northern Ireland\n\nIf an employer does dismiss and re-employ someone, they may be able to take a case to a tribunal and claim:\n\n- breach of contract\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n## Breach of contract claims\n\nIf an employee claims breach of contract and they cannot solve things informally with their employer, they may be able to take their case to a civil court or an employment tribunal (or an industrial tribunal in Northern Ireland).\n\nTheir employer may be able to make a counter-claim.\n\nClaims and counter-claims can only go to a tribunal if they:\n\n- are related to an employment contract issue\n\n- still have not been solved when the employee ends their employment\n\nThe claim or counter-claim cannot be related to a personal injury, or certain types of contract term like intellectual property rights.\n\n## Time limits\n\nUsually, employees must make a claim to a tribunal within 3 months of ending their employment. The employer gets 6 weeks from receiving a copy of the claim to decide whether to make a counter-claim.\n\n## Compensation limits\n\nIf the tribunal agrees with the employee\u2019s claim, they may award compensation. This can only be for financial loss (for example, non-payment of wages) up to a maximum of \u00a325,000.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-employment-contract-how-it-can-be-changed", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to transfer one of my employees to our sister company in France within the next 24 hours because his services are needed there urgently.", + "original_question": "Could this be reasonable use of the flexibility clause?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1345", + "question": "Scenario: I am planning to sell my company to a potential business investor. All the employees terms of contract will change.\n\nQuestion: Do i need to make consultations with my employees?\n\nDocument - Changing an employment contract:\n## Getting agreement\n\nUsually, the employer and employee both need to agree to any contract changes. But an employee can insist on a change if they have a legal right to it.\n\n## Employers\n\nYou must get an employee\u2019s agreement if you want to make changes to their contract.\n\nYou should:\n\n- consult or negotiate with employees or their representatives (for example from a trade union or staff association)\n\n- explain the reasons for changes\n\n- listen to alternative ideas from employees\n\nYou may also want to talk with workers, asking them about their future plans. With older employees this can include talking about their thoughts on retirement and their options for staying in the job, for example changes to their role, hours or working pattern.\n\n## Employees\n\nExplain to your employer why you want to make the changes. You can insist on a change if it\u2019s covered by a statutory right - for example not working on a Sunday.\n\n## Making changes\n\nOnce employers have agreed on changes with their staff, they need to:\n\n- update the terms of their employees\u2019 \u2018written statement\u2019 of employment conditions\n\n- write to their employees within a month to tell them exactly what has changed\n\nIf an employer changes terms and conditions that are not in the written statement (for example the right to sick leave), they should tell their employees where to find information about the change. This could be in a company handbook, noticeboard or intranet site.\n\n## Collective agreements\n\nEmployers must write to their staff to let them know about any changes to collective agreements with trade unions or staff associations.\n\nThese changes might affect the terms of employees\u2019 written statements, including pay and working hours, whether or not they\u2019re a member of the union or staff association.\n\n## Flexibility clauses\n\nFlexibility clauses are terms in a contract that give employers the right to change some conditions of employment, for example relocation.\n\nEmployers can only use flexibility clauses to make reasonable changes.\n\n## Changes of employer\n\nIf someone starts working for a different employer, they\u2019ll normally have to be given a new written statement within 2 months.\n\nHowever, if the name of a business changes or there\u2019s a new employer but no other changes in terms and conditions, the employer does not need to issue a new written statement. They still need to write to their staff about the changes within a month.\n\n## Disciplinary measures\n\nSometimes changes to an employee\u2019s terms and conditions, like a demotion, can happen as a result of a disciplinary measure.\n\nEmployers should make sure the staff handbook or intranet site contains information about how this could happen in the section dealing with disciplinary procedures.\n\n## Dealing with problems\n\nProblems can arise if:\n\n- an employer tries to change a contract without agreement, or re-employs someone on new terms and conditions\n\n- there is a breach of contract where one of the terms in a contract is broken (for example an employer does not pay agreed wages or employees do not work agreed hours)\n\n## Solving disputes\n\nEmployers and their staff should try to solve disputes about contract changes by talking informally or through mediation.\n\nEmployees can also get advice from their trade union representative (if they\u2019re a member of a union), Citizen\u2019s Advice or Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service). In Northern Ireland, they can get advice from the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) .\n\nIf the problem cannot be solved, employers or employees may have the right to take legal action. It\u2019s important to get advice first because legal action can be expensive. Trade union members may be able to get legal advice from their union.\n\n## Making a change without agreement\n\nIf an employer makes a change to a contract without getting agreement (including by using flexibility clauses unreasonably), employees may:\n\n- have the right to refuse to work under the new conditions\n\n- say that they\u2019re working any new terms under protest, and are treating the change as a breach of contract\n\n- resign and claim constructive dismissal\n\n- be able to take a case to an employment tribunal\n\nIn Northern Ireland an employment tribunal is known as an \u2018industrial tribunal\u2019.\n\nIf an employee disagrees with new terms and conditions but does not say or do anything, this may count as agreeing to the changes.\n\n## Re-employment on new terms and conditions\n\nEmployers may, as a last resort, end a contract and re-employ someone on new terms and conditions.\n\nEmployers who are dismissing employees must follow the legally required:\n\n- redundancy procedure in England, Wales and Scotland\n\n- statutory minimum dismissal in Northern Ireland\n\nIf an employer does dismiss and re-employ someone, they may be able to take a case to a tribunal and claim:\n\n- breach of contract\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n## Breach of contract claims\n\nIf an employee claims breach of contract and they cannot solve things informally with their employer, they may be able to take their case to a civil court or an employment tribunal (or an industrial tribunal in Northern Ireland).\n\nTheir employer may be able to make a counter-claim.\n\nClaims and counter-claims can only go to a tribunal if they:\n\n- are related to an employment contract issue\n\n- still have not been solved when the employee ends their employment\n\nThe claim or counter-claim cannot be related to a personal injury, or certain types of contract term like intellectual property rights.\n\n## Time limits\n\nUsually, employees must make a claim to a tribunal within 3 months of ending their employment. The employer gets 6 weeks from receiving a copy of the claim to decide whether to make a counter-claim.\n\n## Compensation limits\n\nIf the tribunal agrees with the employee\u2019s claim, they may award compensation. This can only be for financial loss (for example, non-payment of wages) up to a maximum of \u00a325,000.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-employment-contract-how-it-can-be-changed", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am planning to sell my company to a potential business investor. All the employees terms of contract will change.", + "original_question": "Do i need to make consultations with my employees?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1348", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle practices commercial farming and has an underground tank containing oil in his farm. He uses it for heating and on the farmhouse.\n\nQuestion: Does he need to follow oil storage regulations?\n\nDocument - Storing oil at your home or business:\n## Overview\n\nYou have to follow certain regulations if you have an oil storage container at your home, business or farm.\n\nOil storage containers include tanks, drums, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and mobile containers called \u2018bowsers\u2019.\n\nThe person responsible for the property or premises is usually legally responsible for the oil storage container, for example the homeowner, business owner or site manager.\n\n## Which regulations to follow\n\nThe regulations are different depending on where you store your oil.\n\n## At your home\n\nYou normally have to follow building regulations if you have an oil storage container installed at your home.\n\nIf your storage container can hold 3,501 litres or more, you must follow the regulations for businesses.\n\n## At your business\n\nYou have to follow oil storage regulations if the container at your business can hold 201 litres or more of certain types of oil.\n\nThe regulations for businesses also apply to public sector buildings like schools, hospitals, churches and residential care homes.\n\n## At your farm\n\nYou have to follow different regulations depending on whether you\u2019re storing oil:\n\n- for heat and power for agriculture, for example to fuel your tractor or run a grain dryer\n\n- to heat your farmhouse\n\n- for a separate part of your business, for example to fuel vehicles you hire out\n\n## Checking and labelling your tank\n\nYou should get your oil storage container inspected every year by a professional.\n\nThe person inspecting your tank will let you know when you should replace it.\n\nOil Care suggest that you look at your oil tank at least once a month, and learn what to do if you have an oil leak or spill.\n\n## Storing oil at your home\n\nYou must meet building regulations if you have a new or replacement oil storage container installed at your home in England, for example to fuel your cooker or central heating.\n\nBuilding regulations are different if your home is in Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\nIf your storage container can hold 3,501 litres or more, you must follow the regulations for businesses.\n\n## Choosing someone to install your tank\n\nYou should choose someone who\u2019s registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme. They can self-certify that their work complies with building regulations and can deal with building control issues, like objections.\n\nIf you do not use someone registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme, you\u2019ll have to get a Building Control Notice from your local council and arrange and pay for an inspection yourself.\n\nWithout approval you will not have the certificates of compliance you may need when you want to sell your home.\n\n## Penalties\n\nThe person installing your tank could be prosecuted and fined if they do not comply with building regulations.\n\nYou\u2019re also responsible for making sure their work meets the regulations. Your local authority could make you pay for faulty work to be fixed.\n\n## Catching oil leaks and spills\n\nThe person installing your tank will do a risk assessment, and they\u2019ll let you know if your tank has to have secondary containment (a \u2018bund\u2019). The bund must:\n\n- hold 110% of the tank\u2019s capacity\n\n- be impermeable to oil and water\n\nYou\u2019ll need a bund if your tank\u2019s in any of the following places:\n\n- where oil spills could run into an open drain or a loose manhole cover\n\n- where the tank vent pipes cannot be seen when the tank\u2019s being filled, for example because the delivery tanker is parked too far away\n\n- within 10 metres of coastal waters or inland fresh waters like lakes or streams\n\n- within 50 metres of a drinking water source, for example wells, boreholes or springs\n\n- where oil spills could run over hard ground and reach coastal waters, inland fresh waters or a drinking water source\n\n- in the inner zone of groundwater source protection zone 1\n\nYou\u2019ll also need a bund if your tank can hold more than 2,500 litres of oil.\n\nYour oil storage container must have a sticker in a prominent position that tells you how to look after your oil and what to do if you have a spill. The person installing your new tank will put this on - but you can find out how to order a new sticker.\n\n## Storing oil at your business\n\nYou must follow the regulations for businesses if your oil container can hold 201 litres or more of:\n\n- petrol\n\n- diesel\n\n- biofuels\n\n- kerosene\n\n- vegetable oil and plant-based oils, for example sunflower oil or aromatherapy oil - including waste cooking oil\n\n- synthetic oils, for example motor oil - including waste oil\n\n- oils used as solvents\n\n- biodegradable oils, for example lubricating or hydraulic oils\n\n- liquid bitumen-based products, for example waterproofing or damp proofing products, or coatings for a road surface\n\nThe regulations do not apply to:\n\n- liquid petroleum gas (LPG)\n\n- hydrocarbon products that are solid when unheated, like bitumen\n\n- solvents that are not oil based, for example trichloroethylene\n\n- aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene and toluene\n\n- waste mineral oils drained from vehicles, and mixtures of diesel and petrol that cannot be used as vehicle fuel\n\nYou must follow different regulations in Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales.\n\n## Other exceptions\n\nYou do not have to follow oil storage regulations if your oil is:\n\n- on a farm and you use it for heat and power for agriculture or for your farmhouse\n\n- stored for distribution to other places\n\n- in use, for example lubrication in a hydraulic system\n\nThe regulations do not apply if your storage containers are:\n\n- underground\n\n- in a building that would capture leaking oil - contact your local council to find out if you have to meet any extra fire safety regulations\n\n- at a refinery\n\n- at a premises for onward distribution of oil - but not a premises which sells oil directly to end users or a premises that uses oil\n\nCheck if you need an environmental permit if you\u2019re storing certain waste oils.\n\n## Choosing someone to install your oil storage tank\n\nYou should choose someone who\u2019s registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for any pollution caused by problems with your oil storage container. You need to know the regulations about oil storage containers, including where it\u2019s located and how it\u2019s protected.\n\n## Penalties\n\nYou can be fined if you do not follow the oil storage regulations.\n\nThe Environment Agency can also serve an anti-pollution works notice to make you bring your tank up to legal requirements.\n\n## Get advice\n\nContact the Environment Agency if you have a question about following oil storage regulations in England.\n\nIf your business is outside England, contact one of the following:\n\n- Natural Resources Wales\n\n- Scottish Environment Protection Agency\n\n- Department of the Environment (Northern Ireland)", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oil-storage-regulations-and-safety", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle practices commercial farming and has an underground tank containing oil in his farm. He uses it for heating and on the farmhouse.", + "original_question": "Does he need to follow oil storage regulations?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1350", + "question": "Scenario: I am Jake from Taiwan. I wanted to come to the UK to visit my sister but my visa was rejected and i got the notice last week.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for a review on this decision?\n\nDocument - Ask for a visa administrative review:\n## If you're outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your application refusal letter if you can ask for the decision on your visa application to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.\n\nYou can only ask for an administrative review if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- you applied outside the UK\n\n- your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015\n\n- you do not have a right of appeal against the refusal\n\n- you did not make an application as a short term student or a visitor (except if you applied as an S2 Healthcare Visitor)\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to ask for an administrative review if you applied:\n\n- to the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- as a Frontier Worker\n\n- as an S2 Healthcare Visitor\n\n- as a Service Provider from Switzerland\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply for an administrative review within 28 days of getting the decision. It costs \u00a380.\n\nYou can apply online.\n\nThe decision will be checked for the errors you point out.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 calendar days.\n\nYou cannot request a second review (unless the result of the first review found new reasons why you were refused).\n\n## Withdraw your request\n\nYour request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you make any other immigration or visa application.\n\nYour request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.\n\nYou can email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.\n\nYou must include your name, date of birth, nationality and your Global Web Form (GWF) reference number.\n\nYour GWF reference number was given to you when you first applied. You can find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## If you're in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your application refusal letter if you can ask for the decision on your visa application to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.\n\nYou can ask for your application to be reviewed if one of the following apply:\n\n- your application was refused\n\n- your application was granted but you\u2019re unhappy with the amount or conditions of your leave\n\nThis is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to appeal if you\u2019re not eligible for an administrative review.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to ask for an administrative review if you applied:\n\n- to the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- as a Frontier Worker\n\n- as an S2 Healthcare Visitor\n\n- as a Service Provider from Switzerland\n\n## Apply for administrative review\n\nIf your application was refused, you must apply for an administrative review within 14 days of getting the decision.\n\nYour refusal letter will tell you how to apply. You may be able to apply online. It costs \u00a380.\n\nYou must apply within 7 days if you\u2019ve been detained.\n\nIf your application was granted but you\u2019re unhappy with the amount or conditions of your leave, you must email the Home Office within 14 days of getting your biometric residence permit.\n\nContact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if you have a general enquiry about immigration.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nThe decision will be checked for the errors you point out. Do not send new information or documents for review unless you\u2019ve been asked to.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 days. You cannot request a second review (unless the result included new reasons why you were refused).\n\nIf your visa\u2019s expired, you will not usually be removed from the UK until your review has been completed.\n\n## Withdraw your request\n\nYour request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you:\n\n- make any other immigration or visa application\n\n- ask for your passport back so you can travel\n\n- leave the UK\n\nYour request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.\n\nYou can also email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.\n\nYou must include your name, date of birth, nationality and either your administrative review payment reference number or Home Office reference number in your email.\n\n## If your visa was cancelled at the border\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your decision letter if you can ask for the decision to cancel your visa to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.\n\nYou can ask for the decision to be reviewed if your visa was cancelled for one or more of the following reasons:\n\n- there has been a change in your circumstances\n\n- you gave false information\n\n- you failed to include relevant facts\n\n## Apply for administrative review\n\nYour letter will tell you how to apply. It costs \u00a380.\n\n## If you were given temporary admission to the UK\n\nYou must apply for an administrative review within 14 days of your visa being cancelled or 7 days if you are detained. You need to do this from the UK.\n\n## If your visa was cancelled at border controls outside the UK\n\nYou must apply for an administrative review within 28 days of your visa being cancelled in any of the following cities:\n\n- Paris\n\n- Brussels\n\n- Dunkirk\n\n- Coquelles\n\n- Calais\n\n- Lille\n\n## Get a decision\n\nThe decision will be checked for the errors you point out. Do not send new information or documents unless you\u2019ve been asked to.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 days. You cannot request a second review (unless the result included new reasons for the cancellation of your leave).\n\nIf you\u2019re in the UK, you will not usually be removed until your review has been completed.\n\n## Withdraw your request\n\nYour request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you:\n\n- make any other immigration or visa application\n\n- ask for your passport back so you can travel\n\n- leave the UK\n\nYour request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.\n\nYou can also email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.\n\nYou must include your name, date of birth, nationality and either your administrative review payment reference number or Home Office reference number in your email.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ask-for-a-visa-administrative-review", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am Jake from Taiwan. I wanted to come to the UK to visit my sister but my visa was rejected and i got the notice last week.", + "original_question": "Can I apply for a review on this decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1352", + "question": "Scenario: I was born and live in Canada, but my father is a British citizen. I currently do not have a British passport, but have a Canadian one. I want to move to the UK to work and live in January 2022.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply to get a certificate of entitlement to live and work in the UK?\n\nDocument - Prove you have right of abode in the UK:\n## Overview\n\nHaving right of abode means you\u2019re allowed to live or work in the UK without any immigration restrictions, which means:\n\n- you will not need a visa to come to the UK\n\n- there\u2019s no limit on the length of time you can spend in the country\n\nAll British citizens automatically have right of abode in the UK.\n\nSome Commonwealth citizens may also have right of abode.\n\nYou can prove you have right of abode if you have a UK passport describing you as a British citizen or British subject with right of abode.\n\nOtherwise you need to apply for a \u2018certificate of entitlement\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.\n\n## Commonwealth citizens\n\nIf you\u2019re part of the \u2018Windrush generation\u2019 (also known as \u2018Windrush cases\u2019), there\u2019s a different way to prove your right to live in the UK.\n\nYou may have right of abode in the UK either because of your parents or because you are or were married to someone with right of abode.\n\n## Parents\n\nYou have right of abode if all the following apply:\n\n- one of your parents was born in the UK and a citizen of the United Kingdom and colonies when you were born or adopted\n\n- you were a Commonwealth citizen on 31 December 1982\n\n- you did not stop being a Commonwealth citizen (even temporarily) at any point after 31 December 1982\n\n## Marriage\n\nYou can only get right to abode through marriage if you\u2019re a female Commonwealth citizen.\n\nYou must have:\n\n- been married to someone with right of abode before 1 January 1983\n\n- not stopped being a Commonwealth citizen (even temporarily) at any point after 31 December 1982\n\nYou usually will not have right of abode if the person you were married to has another living wife or widow who:\n\n- is in the UK, or has been in the UK at any time since her marriage (unless they entered the country illegally, came as a visitor or only have temporary permission to stay)\n\n- has a certificate of entitlement to right of abode or permission to enter the UK because of her marriage\n\nHowever, you may still have right of abode if:\n\n- you entered the UK while married and before 1 August 1988, even if your husband has other wives in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK since your marriage and at that time were your husband\u2019s only wife to have legally entered the UK or been given permission to do so\n\n## Apply for a certificate of entitlement\n\nYou can apply for a certificate of entitlement to prove you have right of abode in the UK. It goes in your passport.\n\nYou need to apply for a new certificate when your passport expires.\n\nHow you apply for a certificate of entitlement depends on whether you\u2019re inside or outside the UK.\n\nYou cannot get a certificate if you already have a British passport or a valid certificate of entitlement in another foreign passport.\n\n## Apply in the UK, Channel Islands or the Isle of Man\n\nA certificate of entitlement costs \u00a3372 in the UK.\n\nRead the guidance to check you can apply.\n\nFill in the form online. You\u2019ll usually be able to keep your documents while your application is being processed.\n\nYou can also apply in other ways.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK or from a British overseas territory\n\nIf you are not in the UK, or you live in a British overseas territory, you must apply online.\n\nA certificate of entitlement costs \u00a3388 outside the UK.\n\n## North Korea\n\nYou cannot apply online if you\u2019re living in North Korea.\n\nTo apply from North Korea you must:\n\n- download the application form and guidance - read the guidance if you need help filling in the form\n\n- read the instructions to find out where to take your completed form\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nYour application fee will not be refunded if your application is refused because you do not qualify for right of abode or you do not send in enough evidence to support your claim.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how you can appeal if your application is rejected.\n\nYou will not have a right of appeal if your rejected application was received on or after 6 April 2015.\n\nIf you made your application in the UK, you can apply to have your application reconsidered if you think UKVI did not make the decision in line with the law or their policy.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-abode", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was born and live in Canada, but my father is a British citizen. I currently do not have a British passport, but have a Canadian one. I want to move to the UK to work and live in January 2022.", + "original_question": "Can I apply to get a certificate of entitlement to live and work in the UK?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1353", + "question": "Scenario: I was born in the UK and have a UK passport, however I have lived in China since I was 3 years old (45 years). I want to move to the UK as an adult as my business in China has failed and my family in China has passed away..\n\nQuestion: Is my British passport sufficient to prove I have the right to abode in the UK?\n\nDocument - Prove you have right of abode in the UK:\n## Overview\n\nHaving right of abode means you\u2019re allowed to live or work in the UK without any immigration restrictions, which means:\n\n- you will not need a visa to come to the UK\n\n- there\u2019s no limit on the length of time you can spend in the country\n\nAll British citizens automatically have right of abode in the UK.\n\nSome Commonwealth citizens may also have right of abode.\n\nYou can prove you have right of abode if you have a UK passport describing you as a British citizen or British subject with right of abode.\n\nOtherwise you need to apply for a \u2018certificate of entitlement\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.\n\n## Commonwealth citizens\n\nIf you\u2019re part of the \u2018Windrush generation\u2019 (also known as \u2018Windrush cases\u2019), there\u2019s a different way to prove your right to live in the UK.\n\nYou may have right of abode in the UK either because of your parents or because you are or were married to someone with right of abode.\n\n## Parents\n\nYou have right of abode if all the following apply:\n\n- one of your parents was born in the UK and a citizen of the United Kingdom and colonies when you were born or adopted\n\n- you were a Commonwealth citizen on 31 December 1982\n\n- you did not stop being a Commonwealth citizen (even temporarily) at any point after 31 December 1982\n\n## Marriage\n\nYou can only get right to abode through marriage if you\u2019re a female Commonwealth citizen.\n\nYou must have:\n\n- been married to someone with right of abode before 1 January 1983\n\n- not stopped being a Commonwealth citizen (even temporarily) at any point after 31 December 1982\n\nYou usually will not have right of abode if the person you were married to has another living wife or widow who:\n\n- is in the UK, or has been in the UK at any time since her marriage (unless they entered the country illegally, came as a visitor or only have temporary permission to stay)\n\n- has a certificate of entitlement to right of abode or permission to enter the UK because of her marriage\n\nHowever, you may still have right of abode if:\n\n- you entered the UK while married and before 1 August 1988, even if your husband has other wives in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK since your marriage and at that time were your husband\u2019s only wife to have legally entered the UK or been given permission to do so\n\n## Apply for a certificate of entitlement\n\nYou can apply for a certificate of entitlement to prove you have right of abode in the UK. It goes in your passport.\n\nYou need to apply for a new certificate when your passport expires.\n\nHow you apply for a certificate of entitlement depends on whether you\u2019re inside or outside the UK.\n\nYou cannot get a certificate if you already have a British passport or a valid certificate of entitlement in another foreign passport.\n\n## Apply in the UK, Channel Islands or the Isle of Man\n\nA certificate of entitlement costs \u00a3372 in the UK.\n\nRead the guidance to check you can apply.\n\nFill in the form online. You\u2019ll usually be able to keep your documents while your application is being processed.\n\nYou can also apply in other ways.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK or from a British overseas territory\n\nIf you are not in the UK, or you live in a British overseas territory, you must apply online.\n\nA certificate of entitlement costs \u00a3388 outside the UK.\n\n## North Korea\n\nYou cannot apply online if you\u2019re living in North Korea.\n\nTo apply from North Korea you must:\n\n- download the application form and guidance - read the guidance if you need help filling in the form\n\n- read the instructions to find out where to take your completed form\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nYour application fee will not be refunded if your application is refused because you do not qualify for right of abode or you do not send in enough evidence to support your claim.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how you can appeal if your application is rejected.\n\nYou will not have a right of appeal if your rejected application was received on or after 6 April 2015.\n\nIf you made your application in the UK, you can apply to have your application reconsidered if you think UKVI did not make the decision in line with the law or their policy.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-abode", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was born in the UK and have a UK passport, however I have lived in China since I was 3 years old (45 years). I want to move to the UK as an adult as my business in China has failed and my family in China has passed away..", + "original_question": "Is my British passport sufficient to prove I have the right to abode in the UK?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1354", + "question": "Scenario: I am 50 years old and a serving police officer. I have been in my job for nearly thirty years and I want to take early retirement, even though I am not at state pension age. I have a private pension through the police force.\n\nQuestion: Can I take at least my private pension if I retire early?\n\nDocument - Early retirement, your pension and benefits:\n## State Pension\n\nThe earliest you can get your State Pension is when you reach your State Pension age. You\u2019ll have to wait to claim your State Pension if you retire before you reach that age.\n\n## The amount you\u2019ll get\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get depends on your National Insurance record and when you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou\u2019ll claim basic State Pension and Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016.\n\nYou\u2019ll claim the new State Pension if you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016.\n\n## Personal and workplace pensions\n\nWhen you can take money from your pension pot will depend on your pension scheme\u2019s rules, but it\u2019s usually after you\u2019re 55.\n\nYou may be able to take money out before this age if either:\n\n- you\u2019re retiring early because of ill health\n\n- you had the right under the scheme you joined before 6 April 2006 to take your pension before you\u2019re 55 \u2013 ask your pension provider if you\u2019re not sure\n\nSome companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. This could be an unauthorised payment. If it\u2019s unauthorised, you pay up to 55% tax on it.\n\nThe pension pot that you build up will probably be smaller if you retire early, because it\u2019s had less time to increase in value.\n\n## Taking your pension early because of ill health\n\nYou might be able to get higher payments if you need to take your pension early because of a health condition. Check with your provider.\n\n## If your life expectancy is less than a year\n\nYou may be able to take your whole pension pot as a tax-free lump sum if all of the following apply to you:\n\n- you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness\n\n- you\u2019re under 75\n\n- you do not have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings\n\nIf you\u2019re over 75 you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the lump sum.\n\nCheck with your pension provider. Some pension funds will keep at least 50% of your pension pot for your spouse or civil partner.\n\n## Benefits\n\nThe amount of money you get from any income-related benefits could be affected if you take your pension early, such as money you get from:\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n## Benefits if you retire early because of ill health\n\nIf you retire early because of ill health you may be entitled to other benefits. Use a benefits calculator to check.\n\n## Get help\n\nPension Wise has information about how taking a personal or workplace pension early can affect your benefits.\n\nYou can also get help from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- the Money Advice Service", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/early-retirement-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 50 years old and a serving police officer. I have been in my job for nearly thirty years and I want to take early retirement, even though I am not at state pension age. I have a private pension through the police force.", + "original_question": "Can I take at least my private pension if I retire early?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1355", + "question": "Scenario: I am forty years old and a primary school teacher. I have recently been diagnosed with an aggressive type of cancer. I want to spend my remaining time with my family.\n\nQuestion: Although I am not at state pension age, can I claim both my state and private pensions given my state of health?\n\nDocument - Early retirement, your pension and benefits:\n## State Pension\n\nThe earliest you can get your State Pension is when you reach your State Pension age. You\u2019ll have to wait to claim your State Pension if you retire before you reach that age.\n\n## The amount you\u2019ll get\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get depends on your National Insurance record and when you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou\u2019ll claim basic State Pension and Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016.\n\nYou\u2019ll claim the new State Pension if you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016.\n\n## Personal and workplace pensions\n\nWhen you can take money from your pension pot will depend on your pension scheme\u2019s rules, but it\u2019s usually after you\u2019re 55.\n\nYou may be able to take money out before this age if either:\n\n- you\u2019re retiring early because of ill health\n\n- you had the right under the scheme you joined before 6 April 2006 to take your pension before you\u2019re 55 \u2013 ask your pension provider if you\u2019re not sure\n\nSome companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. This could be an unauthorised payment. If it\u2019s unauthorised, you pay up to 55% tax on it.\n\nThe pension pot that you build up will probably be smaller if you retire early, because it\u2019s had less time to increase in value.\n\n## Taking your pension early because of ill health\n\nYou might be able to get higher payments if you need to take your pension early because of a health condition. Check with your provider.\n\n## If your life expectancy is less than a year\n\nYou may be able to take your whole pension pot as a tax-free lump sum if all of the following apply to you:\n\n- you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness\n\n- you\u2019re under 75\n\n- you do not have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings\n\nIf you\u2019re over 75 you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the lump sum.\n\nCheck with your pension provider. Some pension funds will keep at least 50% of your pension pot for your spouse or civil partner.\n\n## Benefits\n\nThe amount of money you get from any income-related benefits could be affected if you take your pension early, such as money you get from:\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n## Benefits if you retire early because of ill health\n\nIf you retire early because of ill health you may be entitled to other benefits. Use a benefits calculator to check.\n\n## Get help\n\nPension Wise has information about how taking a personal or workplace pension early can affect your benefits.\n\nYou can also get help from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- the Money Advice Service", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/early-retirement-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am forty years old and a primary school teacher. I have recently been diagnosed with an aggressive type of cancer. I want to spend my remaining time with my family.", + "original_question": "Although I am not at state pension age, can I claim both my state and private pensions given my state of health?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1357", + "question": "Scenario: i have been enjoying the work at my current workplace until recently. they told me that i have to start working on weekends when that was not previously the case. as a parent, weekends are when i spend time with my children.\n\nQuestion: can an employer make me work on weekends ?\n\nDocument - Changing an employment contract:\n## Getting agreement\n\nUsually, the employer and employee both need to agree to any contract changes. But an employee can insist on a change if they have a legal right to it.\n\n## Employers\n\nYou must get an employee\u2019s agreement if you want to make changes to their contract.\n\nYou should:\n\n- consult or negotiate with employees or their representatives (for example from a trade union or staff association)\n\n- explain the reasons for changes\n\n- listen to alternative ideas from employees\n\nYou may also want to talk with workers, asking them about their future plans. With older employees this can include talking about their thoughts on retirement and their options for staying in the job, for example changes to their role, hours or working pattern.\n\n## Employees\n\nExplain to your employer why you want to make the changes. You can insist on a change if it\u2019s covered by a statutory right - for example not working on a Sunday.\n\n## Making changes\n\nOnce employers have agreed on changes with their staff, they need to:\n\n- update the terms of their employees\u2019 \u2018written statement\u2019 of employment conditions\n\n- write to their employees within a month to tell them exactly what has changed\n\nIf an employer changes terms and conditions that are not in the written statement (for example the right to sick leave), they should tell their employees where to find information about the change. This could be in a company handbook, noticeboard or intranet site.\n\n## Collective agreements\n\nEmployers must write to their staff to let them know about any changes to collective agreements with trade unions or staff associations.\n\nThese changes might affect the terms of employees\u2019 written statements, including pay and working hours, whether or not they\u2019re a member of the union or staff association.\n\n## Flexibility clauses\n\nFlexibility clauses are terms in a contract that give employers the right to change some conditions of employment, for example relocation.\n\nEmployers can only use flexibility clauses to make reasonable changes.\n\n## Changes of employer\n\nIf someone starts working for a different employer, they\u2019ll normally have to be given a new written statement within 2 months.\n\nHowever, if the name of a business changes or there\u2019s a new employer but no other changes in terms and conditions, the employer does not need to issue a new written statement. They still need to write to their staff about the changes within a month.\n\n## Disciplinary measures\n\nSometimes changes to an employee\u2019s terms and conditions, like a demotion, can happen as a result of a disciplinary measure.\n\nEmployers should make sure the staff handbook or intranet site contains information about how this could happen in the section dealing with disciplinary procedures.\n\n## Dealing with problems\n\nProblems can arise if:\n\n- an employer tries to change a contract without agreement, or re-employs someone on new terms and conditions\n\n- there is a breach of contract where one of the terms in a contract is broken (for example an employer does not pay agreed wages or employees do not work agreed hours)\n\n## Solving disputes\n\nEmployers and their staff should try to solve disputes about contract changes by talking informally or through mediation.\n\nEmployees can also get advice from their trade union representative (if they\u2019re a member of a union), Citizen\u2019s Advice or Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service). In Northern Ireland, they can get advice from the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) .\n\nIf the problem cannot be solved, employers or employees may have the right to take legal action. It\u2019s important to get advice first because legal action can be expensive. Trade union members may be able to get legal advice from their union.\n\n## Making a change without agreement\n\nIf an employer makes a change to a contract without getting agreement (including by using flexibility clauses unreasonably), employees may:\n\n- have the right to refuse to work under the new conditions\n\n- say that they\u2019re working any new terms under protest, and are treating the change as a breach of contract\n\n- resign and claim constructive dismissal\n\n- be able to take a case to an employment tribunal\n\nIn Northern Ireland an employment tribunal is known as an \u2018industrial tribunal\u2019.\n\nIf an employee disagrees with new terms and conditions but does not say or do anything, this may count as agreeing to the changes.\n\n## Re-employment on new terms and conditions\n\nEmployers may, as a last resort, end a contract and re-employ someone on new terms and conditions.\n\nEmployers who are dismissing employees must follow the legally required:\n\n- redundancy procedure in England, Wales and Scotland\n\n- statutory minimum dismissal in Northern Ireland\n\nIf an employer does dismiss and re-employ someone, they may be able to take a case to a tribunal and claim:\n\n- breach of contract\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n## Breach of contract claims\n\nIf an employee claims breach of contract and they cannot solve things informally with their employer, they may be able to take their case to a civil court or an employment tribunal (or an industrial tribunal in Northern Ireland).\n\nTheir employer may be able to make a counter-claim.\n\nClaims and counter-claims can only go to a tribunal if they:\n\n- are related to an employment contract issue\n\n- still have not been solved when the employee ends their employment\n\nThe claim or counter-claim cannot be related to a personal injury, or certain types of contract term like intellectual property rights.\n\n## Time limits\n\nUsually, employees must make a claim to a tribunal within 3 months of ending their employment. The employer gets 6 weeks from receiving a copy of the claim to decide whether to make a counter-claim.\n\n## Compensation limits\n\nIf the tribunal agrees with the employee\u2019s claim, they may award compensation. This can only be for financial loss (for example, non-payment of wages) up to a maximum of \u00a325,000.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-employment-contract-how-it-can-be-changed", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "i have been enjoying the work at my current workplace until recently. they told me that i have to start working on weekends when that was not previously the case. as a parent, weekends are when i spend time with my children.", + "original_question": "can an employer make me work on weekends ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1360", + "question": "Scenario: I am travelling from Africa to the USA via Heathrow airport. My sister lives close to the airport and i would like to stay the night at her place before heading on.\n\nQuestion: Will a visitor in transit visa cover me for this?\n\nDocument - Visa to pass through the UK in transit:\n## Overview\n\nYou might need a visa to pass through the UK in transit (on your way to another country).\n\nCheck if you need one before you apply.\n\nTo get a transit visa you must prove that:\n\n- you\u2019ll be in transit to another country, with enough funds and the intention to travel on\n\n- you can enter that country\n\n- the only purpose of your visit to the UK is transit\n\nYou do not need a transit visa if you:\n\n- have an EEA family permit\n\n- have an EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- have a Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person\n\n- have a Standard Visitor visa\n\n- have a Marriage Visitor visa\n\n## Types of transit visa\n\nThe visa you need depends on whether you\u2019re going through UK border control when you arrive in the UK.\n\nYour airline can tell you if you\u2019ll go through border control.\n\n## You\u2019re not going through UK border control\n\nApply for a Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) if you\u2019ll be changing flights in the UK and will not be going through UK border control.\n\n## You\u2019re going through UK border control\n\nApply for a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019ll be going through UK border control but leaving the UK within 48 hours.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa if:\n\n- you need to stay longer in the UK\n\n- you can prove you need to frequently pass through the UK over a longer period\n\n## Fees\n\n- Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) - \u00a335\n\n- Visitor in Transit visa - \u00a364\n\nThe cost may vary slightly depending on which country you\u2019re in.\n\n## Direct Airside Transit visa\n\nYou might need a Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) if you:\n\n- will be changing flights in the UK on your way to another country\n\n- will not go through UK border control\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and whether you need to enter the UK. Check if you need to apply for a visa.\n\nYou do not need one if you have a valid:\n\n- EEA family permit\n\n- EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person\n\n- Standard Visitor visa\n\n- Marriage Visitor visa\n\nYou must apply for another type of visitor visa if you\u2019re travelling to or from Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.\n\n## Documents you need\n\nTo apply for a DATV, you must have a current passport or other valid travel document.\n\nYou need to provide evidence that you\u2019re allowed to enter the country you\u2019re travelling to, such as a:\n\n- residence permit\n\n- green card\n\n- valid visa\n\nIf you\u2019re not a resident or national of the country you\u2019re travelling to, you may need to explain why you\u2019re going there. You may need to provide details of where you\u2019re staying.\n\nYou must also provide evidence that your onward journey is booked or confirmed, such as:\n\n- a flight booking email\n\n- printed tickets\n\n- confirmation from a travel agent\n\nBring your visa and documents with you when you travel through the UK.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online for a Direct Airside Transit visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nYou may be able to get your visa faster or other services depending on what country you\u2019re in - check with your visa application centre.\n\nApply now\n\n## Visitor in Transit visa\n\nYou might need a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- changing flights in the UK on your way to another country\n\n- going through UK border control, for example to check in your luggage for a connecting flight\n\n- leaving the UK within 48 hours\n\n- not working or studying while in the UK\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and whether you need to enter the UK. Check if you need to apply for a visa.\n\nIf you will not be going through UK border control, check if you need a Direct Airside Transit visa instead.\n\nYou do not need a transit visa if you have a valid:\n\n- EEA family permit\n\n- EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person\n\n- Standard Visitor visa\n\n- Marriage Visitor visa\n\nYou need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa if you\u2019re staying in the UK for more than 48 hours.\n\n## Travel to the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland\n\nYou might need to apply for a visitor visa to travel through the UK to get to the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa unless you\u2019re exempt.\n\nYou do not need a UK visitor visa if:\n\n- you have a valid visa for the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man\n\n- you have a valid Irish biometric visa (marked \u2018BC\u2019 or \u2018BC BIVS\u2019 in the \u2018Remarks\u2019 section)\n\n## If you need to pass through the UK regularly\n\nYou can also apply for a long-term Standard Visitor visa if you need to pass through the UK in transit regularly over a longer period. You can stay for a maximum of 6 months on each visit and your visa can last for 2, 5 or 10 years.\n\n## Documents you need\n\nTo apply for a Visitor in Transit visa, you must have a current passport or other valid travel document.\n\nYou need to provide evidence that you\u2019re allowed to enter the country you\u2019re travelling to, such as a:\n\n- residence permit\n\n- green card\n\n- valid visa\n\nIf you\u2019re not a resident or national of the country you\u2019re travelling to, you may need to explain why you\u2019re going there. You may need to provide details of where you\u2019re staying.\n\nYou must also provide evidence that your onward journey is booked or confirmed, such as:\n\n- a flight booking email\n\n- printed tickets\n\n- confirmation from a travel agent\n\nYour onward flight must be within 48 hours of your arrival in the UK.\n\nBring your visa and documents with you when you travel through the UK.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online for a Visitor in Transit visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nYou may be able to get your visa faster or other services depending on what country you\u2019re in - check with your visa application centre.\n\nApply now", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transit-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am travelling from Africa to the USA via Heathrow airport. My sister lives close to the airport and i would like to stay the night at her place before heading on.", + "original_question": "Will a visitor in transit visa cover me for this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1361", + "question": "Scenario: After my doctor's visit yesterday I was informed that I have a little under a year left to live. I am only 67 years old and while I am not in great health this came as somewhat of a shock to me.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible to receive my pension pot as a lump sum?\n\nDocument - Early retirement, your pension and benefits:\n## State Pension\n\nThe earliest you can get your State Pension is when you reach your State Pension age. You\u2019ll have to wait to claim your State Pension if you retire before you reach that age.\n\n## The amount you\u2019ll get\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get depends on your National Insurance record and when you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou\u2019ll claim basic State Pension and Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016.\n\nYou\u2019ll claim the new State Pension if you reach State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016.\n\n## Personal and workplace pensions\n\nWhen you can take money from your pension pot will depend on your pension scheme\u2019s rules, but it\u2019s usually after you\u2019re 55.\n\nYou may be able to take money out before this age if either:\n\n- you\u2019re retiring early because of ill health\n\n- you had the right under the scheme you joined before 6 April 2006 to take your pension before you\u2019re 55 \u2013 ask your pension provider if you\u2019re not sure\n\nSome companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. This could be an unauthorised payment. If it\u2019s unauthorised, you pay up to 55% tax on it.\n\nThe pension pot that you build up will probably be smaller if you retire early, because it\u2019s had less time to increase in value.\n\n## Taking your pension early because of ill health\n\nYou might be able to get higher payments if you need to take your pension early because of a health condition. Check with your provider.\n\n## If your life expectancy is less than a year\n\nYou may be able to take your whole pension pot as a tax-free lump sum if all of the following apply to you:\n\n- you\u2019re expected to live less than a year because of serious illness\n\n- you\u2019re under 75\n\n- you do not have more than the lifetime allowance of \u00a31,073,100 in pension savings\n\nIf you\u2019re over 75 you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the lump sum.\n\nCheck with your pension provider. Some pension funds will keep at least 50% of your pension pot for your spouse or civil partner.\n\n## Benefits\n\nThe amount of money you get from any income-related benefits could be affected if you take your pension early, such as money you get from:\n\n- Housing Benefit\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n## Benefits if you retire early because of ill health\n\nIf you retire early because of ill health you may be entitled to other benefits. Use a benefits calculator to check.\n\n## Get help\n\nPension Wise has information about how taking a personal or workplace pension early can affect your benefits.\n\nYou can also get help from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- the Money Advice Service", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/early-retirement-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "After my doctor's visit yesterday I was informed that I have a little under a year left to live. I am only 67 years old and while I am not in great health this came as somewhat of a shock to me.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible to receive my pension pot as a lump sum?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1364", + "question": "Scenario: We have organised a street party for our close. Everyone is bringing their own food and drink but I am worried about licensing\n\nQuestion: Do I need to apply for an alcohol license?\n\nDocument - Organising a street party:\n## Telling your local council\n\nStreet parties on quiet streets that don\u2019t affect the wider road network count as small events. If you\u2019re planning a small event for neighbours, apply to hold a street party through your local council.\n\nTell your council about your event 4 to 12 weeks before it happens.\n\nTell your council:\n\n- the date and time of the party or event\n\n- whether or not you want to close a road or section of road, and its name\n\n- if the road is part of a bus route or used by through traffic\n\n- a list of any properties or businesses affected\n\n- if you\u2019ve consulted neighbours\n\n## Smaller events\n\nYou don\u2019t have to tell the council if you hold a smaller event.\n\n## Closing a road\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get permission from your local council to close a road. Some local councils will lend you signs and cones, or you can hire or buy signs. The Street Party site gives advice on road closures.\n\nMake sure that the emergency services can still get down the street if they need to.\n\nIf your party is on a bus route, the bus company will want to know about it in advance.\n\nSome councils will contact emergency services and transport providers for you, but others expect you to do it.\n\n## Licences\n\n## Alcohol and food\n\nA licence isn\u2019t needed if you\u2019re going to provide alcohol for free at your event.\n\nTo sell alcohol you\u2019ll need a \u2018temporary events notice\u2019 which costs \u00a321. You can get one from your local council.\n\nFood can be served and sold up to 11pm without a licence. If you want to serve or sell it after 11pm, contact your council.\n\nYou don\u2019t need a licence to give alcoholic beverages away as prizes, like a bottle of champagne for a winning raffle ticket, but there are rules about what can be given away. Contact your council for more information.\n\n## Music\n\nYou don\u2019t need a music licence, whether the music is live or prerecorded, as long as your street party is a private party for residents and you haven\u2019t advertised the music to make money or attract people.\n\n## Raffles and tombolas\n\nGambling regulations don\u2019t apply if tombola or raffle tickets are sold on the day and the prizes aren\u2019t worth more than \u00a3500 in total.\n\nIf tickets are sold in advance or your prizes are worth more than \u00a3500 contact your local council as you might have to register your raffle as a lottery.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/organise-street-party", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We have organised a street party for our close. Everyone is bringing their own food and drink but I am worried about licensing", + "original_question": "Do I need to apply for an alcohol license?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1365", + "question": "Scenario: we do not have much space in our home and we want to hold our son's 16th birthday out on the street in front of our house so that all his friends can be able to attend.\n\nQuestion: can i hold a birthday party on the street in front of our home ?\n\nDocument - Organising a street party:\n## Telling your local council\n\nStreet parties on quiet streets that don\u2019t affect the wider road network count as small events. If you\u2019re planning a small event for neighbours, apply to hold a street party through your local council.\n\nTell your council about your event 4 to 12 weeks before it happens.\n\nTell your council:\n\n- the date and time of the party or event\n\n- whether or not you want to close a road or section of road, and its name\n\n- if the road is part of a bus route or used by through traffic\n\n- a list of any properties or businesses affected\n\n- if you\u2019ve consulted neighbours\n\n## Smaller events\n\nYou don\u2019t have to tell the council if you hold a smaller event.\n\n## Closing a road\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get permission from your local council to close a road. Some local councils will lend you signs and cones, or you can hire or buy signs. The Street Party site gives advice on road closures.\n\nMake sure that the emergency services can still get down the street if they need to.\n\nIf your party is on a bus route, the bus company will want to know about it in advance.\n\nSome councils will contact emergency services and transport providers for you, but others expect you to do it.\n\n## Licences\n\n## Alcohol and food\n\nA licence isn\u2019t needed if you\u2019re going to provide alcohol for free at your event.\n\nTo sell alcohol you\u2019ll need a \u2018temporary events notice\u2019 which costs \u00a321. You can get one from your local council.\n\nFood can be served and sold up to 11pm without a licence. If you want to serve or sell it after 11pm, contact your council.\n\nYou don\u2019t need a licence to give alcoholic beverages away as prizes, like a bottle of champagne for a winning raffle ticket, but there are rules about what can be given away. Contact your council for more information.\n\n## Music\n\nYou don\u2019t need a music licence, whether the music is live or prerecorded, as long as your street party is a private party for residents and you haven\u2019t advertised the music to make money or attract people.\n\n## Raffles and tombolas\n\nGambling regulations don\u2019t apply if tombola or raffle tickets are sold on the day and the prizes aren\u2019t worth more than \u00a3500 in total.\n\nIf tickets are sold in advance or your prizes are worth more than \u00a3500 contact your local council as you might have to register your raffle as a lottery.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/organise-street-party", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "we do not have much space in our home and we want to hold our son's 16th birthday out on the street in front of our house so that all his friends can be able to attend.", + "original_question": "can i hold a birthday party on the street in front of our home ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1366", + "question": "Scenario: we plan to have a neighbourhood street party. we'd like to have food, drinks and hold a raffle for a bit of fun.\n\nQuestion: do we need a license to serve food and drinks at our street party ?\n\nDocument - Organising a street party:\n## Telling your local council\n\nStreet parties on quiet streets that don\u2019t affect the wider road network count as small events. If you\u2019re planning a small event for neighbours, apply to hold a street party through your local council.\n\nTell your council about your event 4 to 12 weeks before it happens.\n\nTell your council:\n\n- the date and time of the party or event\n\n- whether or not you want to close a road or section of road, and its name\n\n- if the road is part of a bus route or used by through traffic\n\n- a list of any properties or businesses affected\n\n- if you\u2019ve consulted neighbours\n\n## Smaller events\n\nYou don\u2019t have to tell the council if you hold a smaller event.\n\n## Closing a road\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get permission from your local council to close a road. Some local councils will lend you signs and cones, or you can hire or buy signs. The Street Party site gives advice on road closures.\n\nMake sure that the emergency services can still get down the street if they need to.\n\nIf your party is on a bus route, the bus company will want to know about it in advance.\n\nSome councils will contact emergency services and transport providers for you, but others expect you to do it.\n\n## Licences\n\n## Alcohol and food\n\nA licence isn\u2019t needed if you\u2019re going to provide alcohol for free at your event.\n\nTo sell alcohol you\u2019ll need a \u2018temporary events notice\u2019 which costs \u00a321. You can get one from your local council.\n\nFood can be served and sold up to 11pm without a licence. If you want to serve or sell it after 11pm, contact your council.\n\nYou don\u2019t need a licence to give alcoholic beverages away as prizes, like a bottle of champagne for a winning raffle ticket, but there are rules about what can be given away. Contact your council for more information.\n\n## Music\n\nYou don\u2019t need a music licence, whether the music is live or prerecorded, as long as your street party is a private party for residents and you haven\u2019t advertised the music to make money or attract people.\n\n## Raffles and tombolas\n\nGambling regulations don\u2019t apply if tombola or raffle tickets are sold on the day and the prizes aren\u2019t worth more than \u00a3500 in total.\n\nIf tickets are sold in advance or your prizes are worth more than \u00a3500 contact your local council as you might have to register your raffle as a lottery.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/organise-street-party", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "we plan to have a neighbourhood street party. we'd like to have food, drinks and hold a raffle for a bit of fun.", + "original_question": "do we need a license to serve food and drinks at our street party ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1368", + "question": "Scenario: I run a small company with about 10 staff. One I think is a long haired, hippy, dope head. I don't want to cause a scene but I don't like him.\n\nQuestion: Can I only do a drug test on him?\n\nDocument - Being monitored at work: workers' rights:\n## Overview\n\nEmployers might monitor workers. This could be done in various ways, like:\n\n- CCTV\n\n- drug testing\n\n- bag searches\n\n- checking a worker\u2019s emails or the websites they look at\n\nData protection law covers any monitoring that involves taking data, images or drug testing.\n\nIf workers are unhappy about being monitored, they can check their staff handbook or contract to see if the employer is allowed to do this.\n\nIf they\u2019re not, the worker might be able to resign and claim unfair (\u2018constructive\u2019) dismissal. But this is a last resort - they should try to sort the problem out first - read the advice to help solve a workplace dispute.\n\n## Searches\n\nEmployers should have a written policy on searching. Searches should:\n\n- respect privacy\n\n- be done by a member of the same sex\n\n- be done with a witness present\n\nIf a search or drug test is badly handled, workers might have a claim for discrimination, assault or false imprisonment.\n\nFor advice about work issues, talk to Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.\n\n## Drug testing\n\nEmployers have to have consent if they want to test for drugs. Usually this is when they have a full contractual health and safety policy, which should be in the contract or staff handbook.\n\nEmployers should:\n\n- limit testing to employees that need to be tested\n\n- ensure the tests are random\n\n- not single out particular employees for testing unless this is justified by the nature of their jobs\n\nWorkers can\u2019t be made to take a drugs test but if they refuse when the employer has good grounds for testing, they may face disciplinary action.\n\n## Email, CCTV and other monitoring\n\nEmployers must explain the amount of monitoring clearly in the staff handbook or contract. They should tell workers:\n\n- if they\u2019re being monitored\n\n- what counts as a reasonable number of personal emails and phone calls\n\n- if personal emails and calls are not allowed\n\nExamples of monitoring could include:\n\n- looking at which websites workers have visited\n\n- CCTV in the building\n\n- checking workers\u2019 bags as they leave\n\nEmployers are not allowed to monitor workers everywhere (not in the toilet, for example). If they don\u2019t respect this they could be in breach of the Data Protection Act.\n\nRead the advice on workplace disputes or talk to Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice for more advice. Workers can also contact their trade union representative.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/monitoring-work-workers-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a small company with about 10 staff. One I think is a long haired, hippy, dope head. I don't want to cause a scene but I don't like him.", + "original_question": "Can I only do a drug test on him?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1370", + "question": "Scenario: I have applied for a certificate of entitlement outside the UK in Guyana for the rights to abode in the UK but it has been refused.\n\nQuestion: Will my application fee be refunded?\n\nDocument - Prove you have right of abode in the UK:\n## Overview\n\nHaving right of abode means you\u2019re allowed to live or work in the UK without any immigration restrictions, which means:\n\n- you will not need a visa to come to the UK\n\n- there\u2019s no limit on the length of time you can spend in the country\n\nAll British citizens automatically have right of abode in the UK.\n\nSome Commonwealth citizens may also have right of abode.\n\nYou can prove you have right of abode if you have a UK passport describing you as a British citizen or British subject with right of abode.\n\nOtherwise you need to apply for a \u2018certificate of entitlement\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.\n\n## Commonwealth citizens\n\nIf you\u2019re part of the \u2018Windrush generation\u2019 (also known as \u2018Windrush cases\u2019), there\u2019s a different way to prove your right to live in the UK.\n\nYou may have right of abode in the UK either because of your parents or because you are or were married to someone with right of abode.\n\n## Parents\n\nYou have right of abode if all the following apply:\n\n- one of your parents was born in the UK and a citizen of the United Kingdom and colonies when you were born or adopted\n\n- you were a Commonwealth citizen on 31 December 1982\n\n- you did not stop being a Commonwealth citizen (even temporarily) at any point after 31 December 1982\n\n## Marriage\n\nYou can only get right to abode through marriage if you\u2019re a female Commonwealth citizen.\n\nYou must have:\n\n- been married to someone with right of abode before 1 January 1983\n\n- not stopped being a Commonwealth citizen (even temporarily) at any point after 31 December 1982\n\nYou usually will not have right of abode if the person you were married to has another living wife or widow who:\n\n- is in the UK, or has been in the UK at any time since her marriage (unless they entered the country illegally, came as a visitor or only have temporary permission to stay)\n\n- has a certificate of entitlement to right of abode or permission to enter the UK because of her marriage\n\nHowever, you may still have right of abode if:\n\n- you entered the UK while married and before 1 August 1988, even if your husband has other wives in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK since your marriage and at that time were your husband\u2019s only wife to have legally entered the UK or been given permission to do so\n\n## Apply for a certificate of entitlement\n\nYou can apply for a certificate of entitlement to prove you have right of abode in the UK. It goes in your passport.\n\nYou need to apply for a new certificate when your passport expires.\n\nHow you apply for a certificate of entitlement depends on whether you\u2019re inside or outside the UK.\n\nYou cannot get a certificate if you already have a British passport or a valid certificate of entitlement in another foreign passport.\n\n## Apply in the UK, Channel Islands or the Isle of Man\n\nA certificate of entitlement costs \u00a3372 in the UK.\n\nRead the guidance to check you can apply.\n\nFill in the form online. You\u2019ll usually be able to keep your documents while your application is being processed.\n\nYou can also apply in other ways.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK or from a British overseas territory\n\nIf you are not in the UK, or you live in a British overseas territory, you must apply online.\n\nA certificate of entitlement costs \u00a3388 outside the UK.\n\n## North Korea\n\nYou cannot apply online if you\u2019re living in North Korea.\n\nTo apply from North Korea you must:\n\n- download the application form and guidance - read the guidance if you need help filling in the form\n\n- read the instructions to find out where to take your completed form\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nYour application fee will not be refunded if your application is refused because you do not qualify for right of abode or you do not send in enough evidence to support your claim.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how you can appeal if your application is rejected.\n\nYou will not have a right of appeal if your rejected application was received on or after 6 April 2015.\n\nIf you made your application in the UK, you can apply to have your application reconsidered if you think UKVI did not make the decision in line with the law or their policy.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-abode", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have applied for a certificate of entitlement outside the UK in Guyana for the rights to abode in the UK but it has been refused.", + "original_question": "Will my application fee be refunded?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1371", + "question": "Scenario: I am a regular church goer and i have been asked to make my donations to the collection in an envelope and tick Gift Aid.\n\nQuestion: Does this mean my donation is free of tax?\n\nDocument - Claim Income Tax reliefs:\n## Overview\n\n\u2018Tax relief\u2019 means that you either:\n\n- pay less tax to take account of money you\u2019ve spent on specific things, like business expenses if you\u2019re self-employed\n\n- get tax back or get it repaid in another way, like into a personal pension\n\nYou get some types of tax relief automatically - but some you must apply for.\n\n## When you can get tax relief\n\nTax relief applies to pension contributions, charity donations, maintenance payments and time spent working on a ship outside the UK.\n\nIt also applies to work or business expenses \u2013\u00a0you may be able to:\n\n- get tax relief on what you spend running your business if you\u2019re self-employed (a sole trader or partner in a partnership)\n\n- claim tax relief if you\u2019re employed and you use your own money for travel and things that you must buy for your job\n\n## Charity donations: tax relief\n\nDonations to charity from individuals are tax free. You can get tax relief if you donate:\n\n- through Gift Aid\n\n- straight from your wages or pension, through Payroll Giving\n\n## Donations through Gift Aid\n\nCharities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) can register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to be part of the Gift Aid scheme. When they\u2019re registered, they can claim back the tax you\u2019ve already paid on your donation.\n\nThe charity or CASC will give you a form to sign. They must also have an HMRC charity reference number - ask the charity or CASC if you\u2019re not sure.\n\nIf the charity or CASC gets back more tax than you\u2019ve paid, HMRC may ask you to pay more tax to cover the difference.\n\n## You pay Income Tax above the 20% basic rate\n\nYou can claim back the difference between the tax you\u2019ve paid on the donation and what the charity got back when you fill in your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nIf you don\u2019t fill in a Self Assessment tax return, call HMRC to tell them about your charity donations.\n\n## You get Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\nYour tax-free allowance may increase if you make donations through Gift Aid and claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf you fill in a Self Assessment tax return, your allowance will be adjusted automatically if it needs to be.\n\nIf you don\u2019t, call HMRC to tell them about your charity donations.\n\n## Payroll Giving schemes\n\nIf your employer or pension provider offers a Payroll Giving scheme, any donations you give through the scheme will be taken before Income Tax is taken off.\n\nYou\u2019ll still pay National Insurance contributions on the amount of your donation. But you won\u2019t pay any Income Tax on the amount you donate.\n\n## Maintenance payments: tax relief\n\nMaintenance Payments Relief reduces your Income Tax if you make maintenance payments to an ex-spouse or civil partner.\n\nYou can get it if all of the following apply:\n\n- either of you were born before 6 April 1935\n\n- you\u2019re paying maintenance under a court order after the relationship has ended\n\n- the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-spouse or former civil partner (provided they aren\u2019t now remarried or in a new civil partnership) or for your children who are under 21\n\nMaintenance Payments Relief is worth 10% of the maintenance you pay to your ex-spouse or civil partner, up to a maximum of \u00a3326 a year (or 10% of \u00a33,260).\n\nTo claim it, call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-reliefs", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a regular church goer and i have been asked to make my donations to the collection in an envelope and tick Gift Aid.", + "original_question": "Does this mean my donation is free of tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1372", + "question": "Scenario: My wife and I divorced a couple of years ago. I pay maintenance regularly as a contribution to brining up the children.\n\nQuestion: Do maintenance payments qualify for tax relief?\n\nDocument - Claim Income Tax reliefs:\n## Overview\n\n\u2018Tax relief\u2019 means that you either:\n\n- pay less tax to take account of money you\u2019ve spent on specific things, like business expenses if you\u2019re self-employed\n\n- get tax back or get it repaid in another way, like into a personal pension\n\nYou get some types of tax relief automatically - but some you must apply for.\n\n## When you can get tax relief\n\nTax relief applies to pension contributions, charity donations, maintenance payments and time spent working on a ship outside the UK.\n\nIt also applies to work or business expenses \u2013\u00a0you may be able to:\n\n- get tax relief on what you spend running your business if you\u2019re self-employed (a sole trader or partner in a partnership)\n\n- claim tax relief if you\u2019re employed and you use your own money for travel and things that you must buy for your job\n\n## Charity donations: tax relief\n\nDonations to charity from individuals are tax free. You can get tax relief if you donate:\n\n- through Gift Aid\n\n- straight from your wages or pension, through Payroll Giving\n\n## Donations through Gift Aid\n\nCharities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) can register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to be part of the Gift Aid scheme. When they\u2019re registered, they can claim back the tax you\u2019ve already paid on your donation.\n\nThe charity or CASC will give you a form to sign. They must also have an HMRC charity reference number - ask the charity or CASC if you\u2019re not sure.\n\nIf the charity or CASC gets back more tax than you\u2019ve paid, HMRC may ask you to pay more tax to cover the difference.\n\n## You pay Income Tax above the 20% basic rate\n\nYou can claim back the difference between the tax you\u2019ve paid on the donation and what the charity got back when you fill in your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nIf you don\u2019t fill in a Self Assessment tax return, call HMRC to tell them about your charity donations.\n\n## You get Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\nYour tax-free allowance may increase if you make donations through Gift Aid and claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf you fill in a Self Assessment tax return, your allowance will be adjusted automatically if it needs to be.\n\nIf you don\u2019t, call HMRC to tell them about your charity donations.\n\n## Payroll Giving schemes\n\nIf your employer or pension provider offers a Payroll Giving scheme, any donations you give through the scheme will be taken before Income Tax is taken off.\n\nYou\u2019ll still pay National Insurance contributions on the amount of your donation. But you won\u2019t pay any Income Tax on the amount you donate.\n\n## Maintenance payments: tax relief\n\nMaintenance Payments Relief reduces your Income Tax if you make maintenance payments to an ex-spouse or civil partner.\n\nYou can get it if all of the following apply:\n\n- either of you were born before 6 April 1935\n\n- you\u2019re paying maintenance under a court order after the relationship has ended\n\n- the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-spouse or former civil partner (provided they aren\u2019t now remarried or in a new civil partnership) or for your children who are under 21\n\nMaintenance Payments Relief is worth 10% of the maintenance you pay to your ex-spouse or civil partner, up to a maximum of \u00a3326 a year (or 10% of \u00a33,260).\n\nTo claim it, call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-reliefs", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My wife and I divorced a couple of years ago. I pay maintenance regularly as a contribution to brining up the children.", + "original_question": "Do maintenance payments qualify for tax relief?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1373", + "question": "Scenario: i recently separated from my partner. i am afraid that they may throw me out of the house we once shared which will leave me at a loss since i have no where else to go.\n\nQuestion: can my ex-partner throw me out of the house we shared ?\n\nDocument - Staying in your partner's property during a divorce or separation:\n## Overview\n\nYou can register your \u2018home rights\u2019 with HM Land Registry - this can help stop your partner from selling your home.\n\nYour rights are different if you own the property jointly with your spouse or civil partner.\n\nYou cannot apply for home rights if your spouse or civil partner owns the property with someone else - unless your spouse or civil partner would get all the money if the property was sold (also known as being the \u2018sole beneficial owner\u2019).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIf you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership, Citizens Advice have guidance on what happens when you separate.\n\n## Before you apply for home rights\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know if the property is registered in your partner\u2019s name, and its title number if it is.\n\nYou can search the register to find this information.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must complete a different application process for home rights depending on whether:\n\n- the property is registered\n\n- the property is unregistered\n\n## How long you can stay in the property\n\nYou can usually only live in the property until the divorce, annulment or dissolution has been finalised and a court settlement agreed.\n\nYou may be able to continue living in the property for longer, for example during an ongoing dispute about who owns what, if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do this.\n\n## What else you can do\n\nYou may be able to take legal action against your partner if they try to:\n\n- make you move out\n\n- stop you moving back into a home you\u2019re not currently living in, for example if you moved out temporarily\n\nA solicitor can advise you about this.\n\n## Apply if the property is registered\n\nDownload and fill in the application for registration of a notice for home rights.\n\nSend it to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry telling you when they\u2019ve registered your rights. Your spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve done this.\n\n## If you want to move to a different property\n\nYou can only protect your right to live in one property at a time.\n\nYou can ask HM Land Registry to transfer your home rights to another property owned by your spouse or civil partner if you\u2019ve already got home rights for one property.\n\nDownload and fill in the application for registration of a notice for home rights.\n\nSend it to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nFollow the application process for unregistered properties if the property you\u2019re moving into is not registered - you can search the register to find out if it\u2019s registered.\n\n## Staying in the property after divorce or separation\n\nYou may be able to continue living in your home for longer, for example if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do so during an ongoing dispute about who owns what.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019ve already registered your home rights.\n\nDownload and fill in either an:\n\n- application for renewal of registration in respect of home rights - if you\u2019ve registered your home rights\n\n- application for registration of a notice for home rights - if you have not registered your home rights\n\nSend the form, along with an official copy of the court\u2019s continuation order, to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry telling you when they\u2019ve registered your continued rights. Your ex-spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve done this.\n\n## Apply if the property is unregistered\n\nDownload and fill in the application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019.\n\nThere\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.\n\nSend the form and payment to the address on the form.\n\n## If you want to move to a different property\n\nYou can only protect your right to live in one property at a time.\n\nYou can ask HM Land Registry to transfer your home rights to another property owned by your spouse or civil partner if you\u2019ve already registered your right to live in one property.\n\nDownload and fill in the application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019.\n\nThere\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.\n\nSend the form and payment to the address on the form.\n\nFollow the application process for registered properties if the property you\u2019re moving into is registered - you can search the register to find out if it\u2019s registered.\n\n## Staying in the property after divorce or separation\n\nYou may be able to continue living in your home for longer, for example if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do so during an ongoing dispute about who owns what.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019ve already registered your home rights.\n\nDownload and fill in either an:\n\n- application for the renewal of a registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019 - if you have home rights\n\n- application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019 - if you do not have home rights\n\nThere\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.\n\nSend the form and payment to the address on the form.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry when they\u2019ve registered your continued rights.\n\nYour ex-spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve made the application.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stay-in-home-during-separation-or-divorce", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "i recently separated from my partner. i am afraid that they may throw me out of the house we once shared which will leave me at a loss since i have no where else to go.", + "original_question": "can my ex-partner throw me out of the house we shared ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1374", + "question": "Scenario: we are separated from my long term partner and have since moved on. we decided to sell the house we once shared and split the proceeds of the sale equally.\n\nQuestion: Can I stay in the house after the proceedings are finalised?\n\nDocument - Staying in your partner's property during a divorce or separation:\n## Overview\n\nYou can register your \u2018home rights\u2019 with HM Land Registry - this can help stop your partner from selling your home.\n\nYour rights are different if you own the property jointly with your spouse or civil partner.\n\nYou cannot apply for home rights if your spouse or civil partner owns the property with someone else - unless your spouse or civil partner would get all the money if the property was sold (also known as being the \u2018sole beneficial owner\u2019).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIf you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership, Citizens Advice have guidance on what happens when you separate.\n\n## Before you apply for home rights\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know if the property is registered in your partner\u2019s name, and its title number if it is.\n\nYou can search the register to find this information.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must complete a different application process for home rights depending on whether:\n\n- the property is registered\n\n- the property is unregistered\n\n## How long you can stay in the property\n\nYou can usually only live in the property until the divorce, annulment or dissolution has been finalised and a court settlement agreed.\n\nYou may be able to continue living in the property for longer, for example during an ongoing dispute about who owns what, if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do this.\n\n## What else you can do\n\nYou may be able to take legal action against your partner if they try to:\n\n- make you move out\n\n- stop you moving back into a home you\u2019re not currently living in, for example if you moved out temporarily\n\nA solicitor can advise you about this.\n\n## Apply if the property is registered\n\nDownload and fill in the application for registration of a notice for home rights.\n\nSend it to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry telling you when they\u2019ve registered your rights. Your spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve done this.\n\n## If you want to move to a different property\n\nYou can only protect your right to live in one property at a time.\n\nYou can ask HM Land Registry to transfer your home rights to another property owned by your spouse or civil partner if you\u2019ve already got home rights for one property.\n\nDownload and fill in the application for registration of a notice for home rights.\n\nSend it to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nFollow the application process for unregistered properties if the property you\u2019re moving into is not registered - you can search the register to find out if it\u2019s registered.\n\n## Staying in the property after divorce or separation\n\nYou may be able to continue living in your home for longer, for example if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do so during an ongoing dispute about who owns what.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019ve already registered your home rights.\n\nDownload and fill in either an:\n\n- application for renewal of registration in respect of home rights - if you\u2019ve registered your home rights\n\n- application for registration of a notice for home rights - if you have not registered your home rights\n\nSend the form, along with an official copy of the court\u2019s continuation order, to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry telling you when they\u2019ve registered your continued rights. Your ex-spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve done this.\n\n## Apply if the property is unregistered\n\nDownload and fill in the application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019.\n\nThere\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.\n\nSend the form and payment to the address on the form.\n\n## If you want to move to a different property\n\nYou can only protect your right to live in one property at a time.\n\nYou can ask HM Land Registry to transfer your home rights to another property owned by your spouse or civil partner if you\u2019ve already registered your right to live in one property.\n\nDownload and fill in the application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019.\n\nThere\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.\n\nSend the form and payment to the address on the form.\n\nFollow the application process for registered properties if the property you\u2019re moving into is registered - you can search the register to find out if it\u2019s registered.\n\n## Staying in the property after divorce or separation\n\nYou may be able to continue living in your home for longer, for example if a court has made a \u2018continuation order\u2019 allowing you to do so during an ongoing dispute about who owns what.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019ve already registered your home rights.\n\nDownload and fill in either an:\n\n- application for the renewal of a registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019 - if you have home rights\n\n- application for registration of a \u2018Class F Land Charge\u2019 - if you do not have home rights\n\nThere\u2019s a \u00a31 fee - payment instructions are on the form.\n\nSend the form and payment to the address on the form.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from HM Land Registry when they\u2019ve registered your continued rights.\n\nYour ex-spouse or civil partner will also get a letter telling them you\u2019ve made the application.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stay-in-home-during-separation-or-divorce", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "we are separated from my long term partner and have since moved on. we decided to sell the house we once shared and split the proceeds of the sale equally.", + "original_question": "Can I stay in the house after the proceedings are finalised?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1376", + "question": "Scenario: I have just finished university. While in university, I was working a part time job. This month, I quit my part time job and started a full time job - both of which will pay me this month. Since I did not use my complete tax allowance during my part time job, I am afraid I will overpay income tax. I do not have a P800.\n\nQuestion: Can I get a refund for the overpaid tax?\n\nDocument - Tax overpayments and underpayments:\n## Your tax calculation\n\nIf you\u2019re employed or get a pension, your employer or pension provider uses your tax code to work out how much tax to take from you.\n\nYou could still be paying too much or too little tax. For example, if you got a company benefit or pay rise that HMRC did not know about, and so they did not update your tax code.\n\nIf you have not paid the right amount at the end of the tax year, HMRC will send you a P800 or a Simple Assessment tax calculation.\n\nYour P800 or Simple Assessment will tell you how to get a refund or pay tax you owe.\n\nYou will not get a P800 or Simple Assessment if you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment. Your bill will be adjusted automatically if you\u2019ve underpaid or overpaid tax.\n\n## When you might get a P800\n\nYou might get a P800 if you:\n\n- finished one job, started a new one and were paid by both in the same month\n\n- started receiving a pension at work\n\n- received Employment and Support Allowance or Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\nP800s are sent out after the tax year ends on 5 April. You\u2019ll normally get yours by the end of November.\n\n## When you might get a Simple Assessment letter\n\nYou might get a Simple Assessment letter if you:\n\n- owe tax that cannot be automatically taken out of your income\n\n- owe HMRC more than \u00a33,000\n\n- have to pay tax on the State Pension\n\nYou can pay your Simple Assessment bill online.\n\n## Checking your tax calculation\n\nYour letter will show the income you should have paid tax on. This includes any income from pay, pensions, state benefits, savings interest and employee benefits.\n\nCompare the figures with your records, for example your P60, bank statements or letters from the Department for Work and Pensions. If your state benefit was paid every 4 weeks, work out the total paid in a year by multiplying your regular payment by 13 (not 12).\n\nYou may be able to use the HMRC tax checker to work out how much tax you should have paid.\n\n## If you think your tax calculation is wrong\n\nContact HMRC if you think the amounts used in your letter are wrong, or HMRC did not act on information you gave them.\n\nYou have 60 days to query your simple assessment in writing or by telephone. The details of how to do that will be mentioned in your Simple Assesment letter.\n\n## If your P800 says you're due a refund\n\nYour P800 tax calculation will tell you how you can get your refund.\n\n## If your P800 says you can claim online\n\nYour P800 will tell you if you can claim your refund online. You\u2019ll be sent the money within 5 working days - it\u2019ll be in your UK account once your bank has processed the payment.\n\nIf you do not claim within 21 days, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a cheque. You\u2019ll get this within 6 weeks of the date on your P800.\n\nContact HMRC if you cannot claim your refund online.\n\n## If your P800 says you\u2019ll get a cheque\n\nYour P800 will tell you if HMRC will send you a cheque. You do not need to make a claim.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your cheque within 14 days of the date on your P800. If you\u2019re owed tax from more than one year, you\u2019ll get a single cheque for the entire amount.\n\n## If you do not have a P800\n\nYou can check how much Income Tax you should have paid.\n\nContact HMRC if you think you\u2019ve paid too much tax. If they agree, they\u2019ll send you a P800.\n\n## If your P800 says you owe tax\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will usually collect the tax you owe in instalments over the next year. This will happen automatically if you:\n\n- pay Income Tax through an employer or pension provider\n\n- earn enough income over your Personal Allowance to cover the underpayment\n\n- owe less than \u00a33,000\n\nHMRC will write to you about how you can pay if they cannot collect the money this way.\n\n## Other ways to pay\n\n## Online\n\nYour P800 will tell you if you can pay the tax you owe online.\n\n## By post\n\nYou can pay with a cheque, made payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your National Insurance Number on the back of the cheque. Send it with a covering letter including:\n\n- your full name and address\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- the amount of the payment\n\n- what the payment relates to, for example, PAYE\n\n- the year the payment is for\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC. Send your cheque to:\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-overpayments-and-underpayments", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just finished university. While in university, I was working a part time job. This month, I quit my part time job and started a full time job - both of which will pay me this month. Since I did not use my complete tax allowance during my part time job, I am afraid I will overpay income tax. I do not have a P800.", + "original_question": "Can I get a refund for the overpaid tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1377", + "question": "Scenario: I am a fifty year old married female and my twenty five year old daughter has just sprung the news on us that she is to be married in the US in five days. This is wonderful, but my husband's passport has expired.\n\nQuestion: Is there any way of getting a renewed passport within five days?\n\nDocument - Get a passport urgently:\n## How to apply\n\nYou can pay for a faster service if you need a passport within the next 3 weeks.\n\nYou need to book a passport office appointment and pay online. You can book an appointment up to 3 weeks in advance.\n\nIf you need a passport to travel urgently for medical treatment or because a friend or family member is seriously ill or has died, call the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 instead.\n\nCheck current coronavirus (COVID-19) travel advice before travelling. If your passport application is successful, it does not mean you\u2019re currently allowed to travel.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply for a faster service if you\u2019re in the UK and need to renew or replace a passport, or get a first child passport.\n\nUse the non-urgent service if either:\n\n- you\u2019re applying for a first adult passport\n\n- you do not need your passport within the next 3 weeks\n\nIf you\u2019re outside the UK, apply for an emergency travel document.\n\nTrack your passport application if you\u2019ve already applied for a passport and have not received it. Do not pay for an urgent passport - you will not get your passport sooner or get a refund.\n\n## Ways to apply\n\nThere are 2 ways to apply for an urgent passport.\n\nAs part of the application, you\u2019ll need to attend an appointment at your nearest passport office.\n\n## Online Premium\n\nYou get your new passport at your appointment. Appointments last up to 30 minutes.\n\nYou can use this service to renew an adult passport.\n\nUse the Online Premium service.\n\n## 1 week Fast Track\n\nYour new passport is delivered to your home within 1 week of your appointment. Someone might need to be in to sign for it.\n\nYou can use this service to:\n\n- renew an adult or child passport\n\n- change your name on your passport (for example with a marriage certificate or deed poll)\n\n- make changes to your personal details on your passport (for example, your gender)\n\n- replace a lost, stolen or damaged passport\n\n- apply for a first child passport\n\nUse the 1 week Fast Track service.\n\n## If you cannot apply online\n\nYou can book your appointment and pay by calling the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019.\n\n## Online Premium service\n\nYou\u2019ll apply, pay and book an appointment online. The earliest you can get an appointment is 2 days from when you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your new passport at your appointment. Appointments can last up to 30 minutes.\n\nDo not book an appointment if you\u2019re self-isolating or you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms.\n\nIt costs \u00a3177 (or \u00a3187 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport).\n\nYou can only use Online Premium to renew an adult passport that was issued after 31 December 2001.\n\n## Apply, book an appointment and pay\n\nTo use the Online Premium service you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your old passport\n\n- a device that takes digital photos (like a smartphone, tablet or digital camera) and someone to take your photo\n\n- a digital photo of you\n\nApply, book an appointment and pay\n\n## What to bring to your appointment\n\nYou need to bring your old passport.\n\nYou can ask someone else to go to your appointment for you. They\u2019ll need to bring:\n\n- your old passport\n\n- a signed and dated letter from you, naming them and giving them permission to collect the passport\n\n- their ID (for example passport, driving licence, or utility bill that\u2019s less than 3 months old)\n\n## Changing your appointment\n\nCall the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 to reschedule your appointment.\n\nDo not go to your appointment if:\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because of COVID-19\n\n- you or someone you live with has COVID-19 symptoms\n\n## 1 week Fast Track service\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a3142 for an adult passport (or \u00a3152 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport)\n\n- \u00a3122 for a child passport (or \u00a3132 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport)\n\nYou can use 1 week Fast Track to:\n\n- renew an adult or child passport that has expired or that is about to expire\n\n- change personal details on your passport (for example your name, place of birth or gender)\n\n- replace a lost, stolen or damaged passport\n\n- apply for a first child passport\n\n## What you need to do\n\n- Get a paper application form from a Post Office - you cannot apply online.\n\n- Book an appointment online and pay the fee.\n\n- Fill in your application form and gather your documents before your appointment.\n\n## Book an appointment and pay by card\n\nWhen you have an application form, you can book an appointment online.\n\nBook an appointment and pay by card\n\n## What to bring to your appointment\n\nYou need:\n\n- 2 identical printed passport photos\n\n- your completed paper application form\n\n- your supporting documents - read the booklet that comes with the paper form to find out what you need\n\n## If you cannot go to your appointment\n\nYou can change your appointment or send someone in your place.\n\n## Changing your appointment because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can change your appointment at any time up to your appointment slot if:\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating\n\n- you or someone you live with has COVID-19 or COVID-19 symptoms\n\nCall the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 to change your appointment.\n\n## Changing your appointment for another reason\n\nYou can change your appointment if your booking is more than 2 days away. Use the link in the confirmation email you got after paying and booking.\n\n## Sending someone in your place\n\nIf you\u2019re in the UK, you can ask someone to go to your appointment for you. They\u2019ll need to bring:\n\n- your 2 identical printed passport photos\n\n- your completed paper application form\n\n- your supporting documents - read the booklet that comes with the paper form to find out what you need", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-a-passport-urgently", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a fifty year old married female and my twenty five year old daughter has just sprung the news on us that she is to be married in the US in five days. This is wonderful, but my husband's passport has expired.", + "original_question": "Is there any way of getting a renewed passport within five days?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1378", + "question": "Scenario: My wife works from home and is self employed: she manages a huge Amazon shop.She nominated me has her business partner on her paperwork. I have a full time job but now she is asking me to keep records of her business I don't know what to do.\n\nQuestion: I don't really want to put effort in it and I think this should be my wife's duty. Do I have to keep record's of my wife's business even if I don't any work for her?\n\nDocument - Business records if you're self-employed:\n## Overview\n\nYou must keep records of your business income and expenses for your tax return if you\u2019re self-employed as a:\n\n- sole trader\n\n- partner in a business partnership\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to keep records of your personal income.\n\nIf you\u2019re the nominated partner in a partnership, you must also keep records for the partnership.\n\nThere are different rules on keeping records for limited companies.\n\n## Accounting methods\n\nYou\u2019ll need to choose an accounting method.\n\n## Traditional accounting\n\nMany businesses use traditional accounting where you record income and expenses by the date you invoiced or were billed.\n\n## Cash basis accounting\n\nMost small businesses with an income of \u00a3150,000 or less can use cash basis reporting.\n\nWith this method, you only record income or expenses when you receive money or pay a bill. This means you will not need to pay Income Tax on money you have not yet received in your accounting period.\n\n## What records to keep\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep records of:\n\n- all sales and income\n\n- all business expenses\n\n- VAT records if you\u2019re registered for VAT\n\n- PAYE records if you employ people\n\n- records about your personal income\n\n- your grant, if you claimed through the Self-Employment Income Support Scheme because of coronavirus\n\n## Why you keep records\n\nYou do not need to send your records in when you submit your tax return but you need to keep them so you can:\n\n- work out your profit or loss for your tax return\n\n- show them to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if asked\n\nYou must make sure your records are accurate.\n\n## Keep proof\n\nTypes of proof include:\n\n- all receipts for goods and stock\n\n- bank statements, chequebook stubs\n\n- sales invoices, till rolls and bank slips\n\n## If you\u2019re using traditional accounting\n\nAs well as the standard records, you\u2019ll also need to keep further records so that your tax return includes:\n\n- what you\u2019re owed but have not received yet\n\n- what you\u2019ve committed to spend but have not paid out yet, for example you\u2019ve received an invoice but have not paid it yet\n\n- the value of stock and work in progress at the end of your accounting period\n\n- your year end bank balances\n\n- how much you\u2019ve invested in the business in the year\n\n- how much money you\u2019ve taken out for your own use\n\n## How long to keep your records\n\nYou must keep your records for at least 5 years after the 31 January submission deadline of the relevant tax year. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\n## Very late returns\n\nIf you send your tax return more than 4 years after the deadline, you\u2019ll need to keep your records for 15 months after you send your tax return.\n\n## If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed\n\nIf you cannot replace your records, you must do your best to provide figures. Tell HMRC when you file your tax return if you\u2019re using:\n\n- estimated figures - your best guess when you cannot provide the actual figures\n\n- provisional figures - your temporary estimated figures while you wait for actual figures (you\u2019ll also need to submit actual figures when available)", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/self-employed-records", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My wife works from home and is self employed: she manages a huge Amazon shop.She nominated me has her business partner on her paperwork. I have a full time job but now she is asking me to keep records of her business I don't know what to do.", + "original_question": "I don't really want to put effort in it and I think this should be my wife's duty. Do I have to keep record's of my wife's business even if I don't any work for her?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1382", + "question": "Scenario: I am eighteen and have just accepted a part time job working in a local grocery store. I am sometimes the only person in the store but have learned that my employee is watching my via a CCTV camera. This makes me feel very uncomfortable\n\nQuestion: Is it legal for my employer to be spying on me like this?\n\nDocument - Being monitored at work: workers' rights:\n## Overview\n\nEmployers might monitor workers. This could be done in various ways, like:\n\n- CCTV\n\n- drug testing\n\n- bag searches\n\n- checking a worker\u2019s emails or the websites they look at\n\nData protection law covers any monitoring that involves taking data, images or drug testing.\n\nIf workers are unhappy about being monitored, they can check their staff handbook or contract to see if the employer is allowed to do this.\n\nIf they\u2019re not, the worker might be able to resign and claim unfair (\u2018constructive\u2019) dismissal. But this is a last resort - they should try to sort the problem out first - read the advice to help solve a workplace dispute.\n\n## Searches\n\nEmployers should have a written policy on searching. Searches should:\n\n- respect privacy\n\n- be done by a member of the same sex\n\n- be done with a witness present\n\nIf a search or drug test is badly handled, workers might have a claim for discrimination, assault or false imprisonment.\n\nFor advice about work issues, talk to Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.\n\n## Drug testing\n\nEmployers have to have consent if they want to test for drugs. Usually this is when they have a full contractual health and safety policy, which should be in the contract or staff handbook.\n\nEmployers should:\n\n- limit testing to employees that need to be tested\n\n- ensure the tests are random\n\n- not single out particular employees for testing unless this is justified by the nature of their jobs\n\nWorkers can\u2019t be made to take a drugs test but if they refuse when the employer has good grounds for testing, they may face disciplinary action.\n\n## Email, CCTV and other monitoring\n\nEmployers must explain the amount of monitoring clearly in the staff handbook or contract. They should tell workers:\n\n- if they\u2019re being monitored\n\n- what counts as a reasonable number of personal emails and phone calls\n\n- if personal emails and calls are not allowed\n\nExamples of monitoring could include:\n\n- looking at which websites workers have visited\n\n- CCTV in the building\n\n- checking workers\u2019 bags as they leave\n\nEmployers are not allowed to monitor workers everywhere (not in the toilet, for example). If they don\u2019t respect this they could be in breach of the Data Protection Act.\n\nRead the advice on workplace disputes or talk to Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice for more advice. Workers can also contact their trade union representative.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/monitoring-work-workers-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am eighteen and have just accepted a part time job working in a local grocery store. I am sometimes the only person in the store but have learned that my employee is watching my via a CCTV camera. This makes me feel very uncomfortable", + "original_question": "Is it legal for my employer to be spying on me like this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1383", + "question": "Scenario: I am the owner of a taxi firm and have half a dozen employees, doing both full time and part time jobs. I have reason to suspect that one of my younger employees might be taking drugs on the nights before his shifts, or even during the shifts themselves.\n\nQuestion: What is my legal position in this situation? can I have my employee drug tested?\n\nDocument - Being monitored at work: workers' rights:\n## Overview\n\nEmployers might monitor workers. This could be done in various ways, like:\n\n- CCTV\n\n- drug testing\n\n- bag searches\n\n- checking a worker\u2019s emails or the websites they look at\n\nData protection law covers any monitoring that involves taking data, images or drug testing.\n\nIf workers are unhappy about being monitored, they can check their staff handbook or contract to see if the employer is allowed to do this.\n\nIf they\u2019re not, the worker might be able to resign and claim unfair (\u2018constructive\u2019) dismissal. But this is a last resort - they should try to sort the problem out first - read the advice to help solve a workplace dispute.\n\n## Searches\n\nEmployers should have a written policy on searching. Searches should:\n\n- respect privacy\n\n- be done by a member of the same sex\n\n- be done with a witness present\n\nIf a search or drug test is badly handled, workers might have a claim for discrimination, assault or false imprisonment.\n\nFor advice about work issues, talk to Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.\n\n## Drug testing\n\nEmployers have to have consent if they want to test for drugs. Usually this is when they have a full contractual health and safety policy, which should be in the contract or staff handbook.\n\nEmployers should:\n\n- limit testing to employees that need to be tested\n\n- ensure the tests are random\n\n- not single out particular employees for testing unless this is justified by the nature of their jobs\n\nWorkers can\u2019t be made to take a drugs test but if they refuse when the employer has good grounds for testing, they may face disciplinary action.\n\n## Email, CCTV and other monitoring\n\nEmployers must explain the amount of monitoring clearly in the staff handbook or contract. They should tell workers:\n\n- if they\u2019re being monitored\n\n- what counts as a reasonable number of personal emails and phone calls\n\n- if personal emails and calls are not allowed\n\nExamples of monitoring could include:\n\n- looking at which websites workers have visited\n\n- CCTV in the building\n\n- checking workers\u2019 bags as they leave\n\nEmployers are not allowed to monitor workers everywhere (not in the toilet, for example). If they don\u2019t respect this they could be in breach of the Data Protection Act.\n\nRead the advice on workplace disputes or talk to Acas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice for more advice. Workers can also contact their trade union representative.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/monitoring-work-workers-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the owner of a taxi firm and have half a dozen employees, doing both full time and part time jobs. I have reason to suspect that one of my younger employees might be taking drugs on the nights before his shifts, or even during the shifts themselves.", + "original_question": "What is my legal position in this situation? can I have my employee drug tested?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1386", + "question": "Scenario: I am a farmer and a licensed shotgun owner. Recently I have been plagued by foxes which are disturbing some of my smaller animals. I would like to cull them on the grounds that they are affecting my livelihood.\n\nQuestion: Can I legally shoot a fox on my own land?\n\nDocument - Hunting and shooting wildlife:\n## Overview\n\nYou must follow the rules for hunting and shooting wildlife including:\n\n- what you can hunt or shoot\n\n- when you can do it\n\n- what equipment you can use\n\nYou can be fined or jailed for hunting illegally or causing unnecessary suffering to an animal.\n\nYou must have permission from the land owner.\n\n## Firearms and shotgun certificates\n\nYou must get a certificate to use a shotgun, rifle or other firearm.\n\nYou don\u2019t need a certificate for:\n\n- air rifles up to 12ft lb in power\n\n- air pistols up to 6ft lb in power\n\nYou can\u2019t use:\n\n- bows or crossbows\n\n- explosives (other than the legal ammunition for a firearm)\n\n## Managing wildlife and controlling pests\n\nThere are different rules about what you can do to manage wildlife on your land or control pests on your property.\n\n## Birds\n\nYou can shoot certain species of game birds, quarry birds and waterfowl but only during the shooting season.\n\nSometimes you can only shoot in certain locations, for example you can\u2019t shoot some waterfowl above the high water line.\n\nYou can\u2019t shoot birds in the closed season.\n\nYou must get a falconry licence to hunt birds with a falcon.\n\n## Equipment\n\nIf you\u2019re using a shotgun to shoot birds, the internal diameter of the shotgun can\u2019t be more than 1.75 inches.\n\nYou can\u2019t use:\n\n- a firearm that can hold more than 2 rounds of ammunition in the magazine (such as an automatic or semi-automatic weapon)\n\n- artificial lighting\n\n- a sighting device for night shooting, or a device for lighting up targets\n\n## Mammals\n\nThere are different rules for foxes, deer and other mammals.\n\n## Foxes\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to hunt foxes with a pack of dogs. You can use dogs to simulate hunting, for example \u2018drag\u2019 or \u2018trail\u2019 hunting.\n\nYou can use up to 2 dogs to chase (\u2018flush\u2019 or \u2018stalk\u2019) foxes out of hiding if the fox is causing damage to your property or the environment.\n\nYour dogs can\u2019t go underground to find the foxes unless they\u2019re threatening wild or game birds kept for shooting - only one dog can go underground at any time.\n\nYou must:\n\n- shoot the fox quickly after it\u2019s been found\n\n- carry proof you own the land you\u2019re shooting on or written permission from the landowner\n\nYou can be fined, and your dogs or hunting equipment taken away, if you break the law.\n\nThere are other ways you can control foxes if they\u2019re causing damage to your property or the environment.\n\n## Deer\n\nYou must follow the restrictions on when you can shoot deer and what type of firearms and ammunition you can use.\n\nYou need a licence to shoot deer:\n\n- in the closed season\n\n- at night (at any time of the year)\n\nYou can\u2019t use a vehicle to chase deer.\n\n## Other mammals\n\nYou can hunt or shoot some other mammals.\n\nThere are rules on when you can hunt or shoot and what equipment you can use.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hunting", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a farmer and a licensed shotgun owner. Recently I have been plagued by foxes which are disturbing some of my smaller animals. I would like to cull them on the grounds that they are affecting my livelihood.", + "original_question": "Can I legally shoot a fox on my own land?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1387", + "question": "Scenario: We are leaving on holiday in two weeks and, being a numpty, i have realised my passport has expired. This COVID thing has messed with my head.\n\nQuestion: Can I get a passport within 2 weeks?\n\nDocument - Get a passport urgently:\n## How to apply\n\nYou can pay for a faster service if you need a passport within the next 3 weeks.\n\nYou need to book a passport office appointment and pay online. You can book an appointment up to 3 weeks in advance.\n\nIf you need a passport to travel urgently for medical treatment or because a friend or family member is seriously ill or has died, call the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 instead.\n\nCheck current coronavirus (COVID-19) travel advice before travelling. If your passport application is successful, it does not mean you\u2019re currently allowed to travel.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply for a faster service if you\u2019re in the UK and need to renew or replace a passport, or get a first child passport.\n\nUse the non-urgent service if either:\n\n- you\u2019re applying for a first adult passport\n\n- you do not need your passport within the next 3 weeks\n\nIf you\u2019re outside the UK, apply for an emergency travel document.\n\nTrack your passport application if you\u2019ve already applied for a passport and have not received it. Do not pay for an urgent passport - you will not get your passport sooner or get a refund.\n\n## Ways to apply\n\nThere are 2 ways to apply for an urgent passport.\n\nAs part of the application, you\u2019ll need to attend an appointment at your nearest passport office.\n\n## Online Premium\n\nYou get your new passport at your appointment. Appointments last up to 30 minutes.\n\nYou can use this service to renew an adult passport.\n\nUse the Online Premium service.\n\n## 1 week Fast Track\n\nYour new passport is delivered to your home within 1 week of your appointment. Someone might need to be in to sign for it.\n\nYou can use this service to:\n\n- renew an adult or child passport\n\n- change your name on your passport (for example with a marriage certificate or deed poll)\n\n- make changes to your personal details on your passport (for example, your gender)\n\n- replace a lost, stolen or damaged passport\n\n- apply for a first child passport\n\nUse the 1 week Fast Track service.\n\n## If you cannot apply online\n\nYou can book your appointment and pay by calling the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019.\n\n## Online Premium service\n\nYou\u2019ll apply, pay and book an appointment online. The earliest you can get an appointment is 2 days from when you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your new passport at your appointment. Appointments can last up to 30 minutes.\n\nDo not book an appointment if you\u2019re self-isolating or you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms.\n\nIt costs \u00a3177 (or \u00a3187 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport).\n\nYou can only use Online Premium to renew an adult passport that was issued after 31 December 2001.\n\n## Apply, book an appointment and pay\n\nTo use the Online Premium service you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your old passport\n\n- a device that takes digital photos (like a smartphone, tablet or digital camera) and someone to take your photo\n\n- a digital photo of you\n\nApply, book an appointment and pay\n\n## What to bring to your appointment\n\nYou need to bring your old passport.\n\nYou can ask someone else to go to your appointment for you. They\u2019ll need to bring:\n\n- your old passport\n\n- a signed and dated letter from you, naming them and giving them permission to collect the passport\n\n- their ID (for example passport, driving licence, or utility bill that\u2019s less than 3 months old)\n\n## Changing your appointment\n\nCall the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 to reschedule your appointment.\n\nDo not go to your appointment if:\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because of COVID-19\n\n- you or someone you live with has COVID-19 symptoms\n\n## 1 week Fast Track service\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a3142 for an adult passport (or \u00a3152 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport)\n\n- \u00a3122 for a child passport (or \u00a3132 for a 50 page frequent traveller passport)\n\nYou can use 1 week Fast Track to:\n\n- renew an adult or child passport that has expired or that is about to expire\n\n- change personal details on your passport (for example your name, place of birth or gender)\n\n- replace a lost, stolen or damaged passport\n\n- apply for a first child passport\n\n## What you need to do\n\n- Get a paper application form from a Post Office - you cannot apply online.\n\n- Book an appointment online and pay the fee.\n\n- Fill in your application form and gather your documents before your appointment.\n\n## Book an appointment and pay by card\n\nWhen you have an application form, you can book an appointment online.\n\nBook an appointment and pay by card\n\n## What to bring to your appointment\n\nYou need:\n\n- 2 identical printed passport photos\n\n- your completed paper application form\n\n- your supporting documents - read the booklet that comes with the paper form to find out what you need\n\n## If you cannot go to your appointment\n\nYou can change your appointment or send someone in your place.\n\n## Changing your appointment because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can change your appointment at any time up to your appointment slot if:\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating\n\n- you or someone you live with has COVID-19 or COVID-19 symptoms\n\nCall the \u2018Passport Adviceline\u2019 to change your appointment.\n\n## Changing your appointment for another reason\n\nYou can change your appointment if your booking is more than 2 days away. Use the link in the confirmation email you got after paying and booking.\n\n## Sending someone in your place\n\nIf you\u2019re in the UK, you can ask someone to go to your appointment for you. They\u2019ll need to bring:\n\n- your 2 identical printed passport photos\n\n- your completed paper application form\n\n- your supporting documents - read the booklet that comes with the paper form to find out what you need", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-a-passport-urgently", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are leaving on holiday in two weeks and, being a numpty, i have realised my passport has expired. This COVID thing has messed with my head.", + "original_question": "Can I get a passport within 2 weeks?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1391", + "question": "Scenario: I own a farm which is ran like a business. It is not my personal home but instead me and a few employees take care of quite a large farm area and I sell the produce for profit. We operate a few tractors and since getting them refilled with fuel from the nearest gas station is inefficient I decided to install a 1000 litre diesel tank underground.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to follow oil storage regulations for businesses?\n\nDocument - Storing oil at your home or business:\n## Overview\n\nYou have to follow certain regulations if you have an oil storage container at your home, business or farm.\n\nOil storage containers include tanks, drums, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and mobile containers called \u2018bowsers\u2019.\n\nThe person responsible for the property or premises is usually legally responsible for the oil storage container, for example the homeowner, business owner or site manager.\n\n## Which regulations to follow\n\nThe regulations are different depending on where you store your oil.\n\n## At your home\n\nYou normally have to follow building regulations if you have an oil storage container installed at your home.\n\nIf your storage container can hold 3,501 litres or more, you must follow the regulations for businesses.\n\n## At your business\n\nYou have to follow oil storage regulations if the container at your business can hold 201 litres or more of certain types of oil.\n\nThe regulations for businesses also apply to public sector buildings like schools, hospitals, churches and residential care homes.\n\n## At your farm\n\nYou have to follow different regulations depending on whether you\u2019re storing oil:\n\n- for heat and power for agriculture, for example to fuel your tractor or run a grain dryer\n\n- to heat your farmhouse\n\n- for a separate part of your business, for example to fuel vehicles you hire out\n\n## Checking and labelling your tank\n\nYou should get your oil storage container inspected every year by a professional.\n\nThe person inspecting your tank will let you know when you should replace it.\n\nOil Care suggest that you look at your oil tank at least once a month, and learn what to do if you have an oil leak or spill.\n\n## Storing oil at your home\n\nYou must meet building regulations if you have a new or replacement oil storage container installed at your home in England, for example to fuel your cooker or central heating.\n\nBuilding regulations are different if your home is in Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\nIf your storage container can hold 3,501 litres or more, you must follow the regulations for businesses.\n\n## Choosing someone to install your tank\n\nYou should choose someone who\u2019s registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme. They can self-certify that their work complies with building regulations and can deal with building control issues, like objections.\n\nIf you do not use someone registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme, you\u2019ll have to get a Building Control Notice from your local council and arrange and pay for an inspection yourself.\n\nWithout approval you will not have the certificates of compliance you may need when you want to sell your home.\n\n## Penalties\n\nThe person installing your tank could be prosecuted and fined if they do not comply with building regulations.\n\nYou\u2019re also responsible for making sure their work meets the regulations. Your local authority could make you pay for faulty work to be fixed.\n\n## Catching oil leaks and spills\n\nThe person installing your tank will do a risk assessment, and they\u2019ll let you know if your tank has to have secondary containment (a \u2018bund\u2019). The bund must:\n\n- hold 110% of the tank\u2019s capacity\n\n- be impermeable to oil and water\n\nYou\u2019ll need a bund if your tank\u2019s in any of the following places:\n\n- where oil spills could run into an open drain or a loose manhole cover\n\n- where the tank vent pipes cannot be seen when the tank\u2019s being filled, for example because the delivery tanker is parked too far away\n\n- within 10 metres of coastal waters or inland fresh waters like lakes or streams\n\n- within 50 metres of a drinking water source, for example wells, boreholes or springs\n\n- where oil spills could run over hard ground and reach coastal waters, inland fresh waters or a drinking water source\n\n- in the inner zone of groundwater source protection zone 1\n\nYou\u2019ll also need a bund if your tank can hold more than 2,500 litres of oil.\n\nYour oil storage container must have a sticker in a prominent position that tells you how to look after your oil and what to do if you have a spill. The person installing your new tank will put this on - but you can find out how to order a new sticker.\n\n## Storing oil at your business\n\nYou must follow the regulations for businesses if your oil container can hold 201 litres or more of:\n\n- petrol\n\n- diesel\n\n- biofuels\n\n- kerosene\n\n- vegetable oil and plant-based oils, for example sunflower oil or aromatherapy oil - including waste cooking oil\n\n- synthetic oils, for example motor oil - including waste oil\n\n- oils used as solvents\n\n- biodegradable oils, for example lubricating or hydraulic oils\n\n- liquid bitumen-based products, for example waterproofing or damp proofing products, or coatings for a road surface\n\nThe regulations do not apply to:\n\n- liquid petroleum gas (LPG)\n\n- hydrocarbon products that are solid when unheated, like bitumen\n\n- solvents that are not oil based, for example trichloroethylene\n\n- aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene and toluene\n\n- waste mineral oils drained from vehicles, and mixtures of diesel and petrol that cannot be used as vehicle fuel\n\nYou must follow different regulations in Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales.\n\n## Other exceptions\n\nYou do not have to follow oil storage regulations if your oil is:\n\n- on a farm and you use it for heat and power for agriculture or for your farmhouse\n\n- stored for distribution to other places\n\n- in use, for example lubrication in a hydraulic system\n\nThe regulations do not apply if your storage containers are:\n\n- underground\n\n- in a building that would capture leaking oil - contact your local council to find out if you have to meet any extra fire safety regulations\n\n- at a refinery\n\n- at a premises for onward distribution of oil - but not a premises which sells oil directly to end users or a premises that uses oil\n\nCheck if you need an environmental permit if you\u2019re storing certain waste oils.\n\n## Choosing someone to install your oil storage tank\n\nYou should choose someone who\u2019s registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for any pollution caused by problems with your oil storage container. You need to know the regulations about oil storage containers, including where it\u2019s located and how it\u2019s protected.\n\n## Penalties\n\nYou can be fined if you do not follow the oil storage regulations.\n\nThe Environment Agency can also serve an anti-pollution works notice to make you bring your tank up to legal requirements.\n\n## Get advice\n\nContact the Environment Agency if you have a question about following oil storage regulations in England.\n\nIf your business is outside England, contact one of the following:\n\n- Natural Resources Wales\n\n- Scottish Environment Protection Agency\n\n- Department of the Environment (Northern Ireland)", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oil-storage-regulations-and-safety", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a farm which is ran like a business. It is not my personal home but instead me and a few employees take care of quite a large farm area and I sell the produce for profit. We operate a few tractors and since getting them refilled with fuel from the nearest gas station is inefficient I decided to install a 1000 litre diesel tank underground.", + "original_question": "Do I have to follow oil storage regulations for businesses?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1392", + "question": "Scenario: I want to install a large oil tank at my home. I own a large house around 50 kilometres out of town and plan on using it as a heating source as well as to fuel my personal vehicles more conveniently. The tank size I am currently looking at is around 5000 litres. I want it to be large enough so I don't have to worry about filling it up every other month\n\nQuestion: Are there different regulations for storing oil at my home or for storing oil at a business?\n\nDocument - Storing oil at your home or business:\n## Overview\n\nYou have to follow certain regulations if you have an oil storage container at your home, business or farm.\n\nOil storage containers include tanks, drums, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and mobile containers called \u2018bowsers\u2019.\n\nThe person responsible for the property or premises is usually legally responsible for the oil storage container, for example the homeowner, business owner or site manager.\n\n## Which regulations to follow\n\nThe regulations are different depending on where you store your oil.\n\n## At your home\n\nYou normally have to follow building regulations if you have an oil storage container installed at your home.\n\nIf your storage container can hold 3,501 litres or more, you must follow the regulations for businesses.\n\n## At your business\n\nYou have to follow oil storage regulations if the container at your business can hold 201 litres or more of certain types of oil.\n\nThe regulations for businesses also apply to public sector buildings like schools, hospitals, churches and residential care homes.\n\n## At your farm\n\nYou have to follow different regulations depending on whether you\u2019re storing oil:\n\n- for heat and power for agriculture, for example to fuel your tractor or run a grain dryer\n\n- to heat your farmhouse\n\n- for a separate part of your business, for example to fuel vehicles you hire out\n\n## Checking and labelling your tank\n\nYou should get your oil storage container inspected every year by a professional.\n\nThe person inspecting your tank will let you know when you should replace it.\n\nOil Care suggest that you look at your oil tank at least once a month, and learn what to do if you have an oil leak or spill.\n\n## Storing oil at your home\n\nYou must meet building regulations if you have a new or replacement oil storage container installed at your home in England, for example to fuel your cooker or central heating.\n\nBuilding regulations are different if your home is in Wales, Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\nIf your storage container can hold 3,501 litres or more, you must follow the regulations for businesses.\n\n## Choosing someone to install your tank\n\nYou should choose someone who\u2019s registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme. They can self-certify that their work complies with building regulations and can deal with building control issues, like objections.\n\nIf you do not use someone registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme, you\u2019ll have to get a Building Control Notice from your local council and arrange and pay for an inspection yourself.\n\nWithout approval you will not have the certificates of compliance you may need when you want to sell your home.\n\n## Penalties\n\nThe person installing your tank could be prosecuted and fined if they do not comply with building regulations.\n\nYou\u2019re also responsible for making sure their work meets the regulations. Your local authority could make you pay for faulty work to be fixed.\n\n## Catching oil leaks and spills\n\nThe person installing your tank will do a risk assessment, and they\u2019ll let you know if your tank has to have secondary containment (a \u2018bund\u2019). The bund must:\n\n- hold 110% of the tank\u2019s capacity\n\n- be impermeable to oil and water\n\nYou\u2019ll need a bund if your tank\u2019s in any of the following places:\n\n- where oil spills could run into an open drain or a loose manhole cover\n\n- where the tank vent pipes cannot be seen when the tank\u2019s being filled, for example because the delivery tanker is parked too far away\n\n- within 10 metres of coastal waters or inland fresh waters like lakes or streams\n\n- within 50 metres of a drinking water source, for example wells, boreholes or springs\n\n- where oil spills could run over hard ground and reach coastal waters, inland fresh waters or a drinking water source\n\n- in the inner zone of groundwater source protection zone 1\n\nYou\u2019ll also need a bund if your tank can hold more than 2,500 litres of oil.\n\nYour oil storage container must have a sticker in a prominent position that tells you how to look after your oil and what to do if you have a spill. The person installing your new tank will put this on - but you can find out how to order a new sticker.\n\n## Storing oil at your business\n\nYou must follow the regulations for businesses if your oil container can hold 201 litres or more of:\n\n- petrol\n\n- diesel\n\n- biofuels\n\n- kerosene\n\n- vegetable oil and plant-based oils, for example sunflower oil or aromatherapy oil - including waste cooking oil\n\n- synthetic oils, for example motor oil - including waste oil\n\n- oils used as solvents\n\n- biodegradable oils, for example lubricating or hydraulic oils\n\n- liquid bitumen-based products, for example waterproofing or damp proofing products, or coatings for a road surface\n\nThe regulations do not apply to:\n\n- liquid petroleum gas (LPG)\n\n- hydrocarbon products that are solid when unheated, like bitumen\n\n- solvents that are not oil based, for example trichloroethylene\n\n- aromatic hydrocarbons like benzene and toluene\n\n- waste mineral oils drained from vehicles, and mixtures of diesel and petrol that cannot be used as vehicle fuel\n\nYou must follow different regulations in Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales.\n\n## Other exceptions\n\nYou do not have to follow oil storage regulations if your oil is:\n\n- on a farm and you use it for heat and power for agriculture or for your farmhouse\n\n- stored for distribution to other places\n\n- in use, for example lubrication in a hydraulic system\n\nThe regulations do not apply if your storage containers are:\n\n- underground\n\n- in a building that would capture leaking oil - contact your local council to find out if you have to meet any extra fire safety regulations\n\n- at a refinery\n\n- at a premises for onward distribution of oil - but not a premises which sells oil directly to end users or a premises that uses oil\n\nCheck if you need an environmental permit if you\u2019re storing certain waste oils.\n\n## Choosing someone to install your oil storage tank\n\nYou should choose someone who\u2019s registered with a \u2018Competent Person\u2019 scheme.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for any pollution caused by problems with your oil storage container. You need to know the regulations about oil storage containers, including where it\u2019s located and how it\u2019s protected.\n\n## Penalties\n\nYou can be fined if you do not follow the oil storage regulations.\n\nThe Environment Agency can also serve an anti-pollution works notice to make you bring your tank up to legal requirements.\n\n## Get advice\n\nContact the Environment Agency if you have a question about following oil storage regulations in England.\n\nIf your business is outside England, contact one of the following:\n\n- Natural Resources Wales\n\n- Scottish Environment Protection Agency\n\n- Department of the Environment (Northern Ireland)", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/oil-storage-regulations-and-safety", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to install a large oil tank at my home. I own a large house around 50 kilometres out of town and plan on using it as a heating source as well as to fuel my personal vehicles more conveniently. The tank size I am currently looking at is around 5000 litres. I want it to be large enough so I don't have to worry about filling it up every other month", + "original_question": "Are there different regulations for storing oil at my home or for storing oil at a business?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1394", + "question": "Scenario: I am an American citizen who will be travelling to Paris on business this summer. I will be obliged to stop for a short conference in London and will be flying into Heathrow airport\n\nQuestion: Is it possible for me to get a visa for the UK for just a few hours?\n\nDocument - Visa to pass through the UK in transit:\n## Overview\n\nYou might need a visa to pass through the UK in transit (on your way to another country).\n\nCheck if you need one before you apply.\n\nTo get a transit visa you must prove that:\n\n- you\u2019ll be in transit to another country, with enough funds and the intention to travel on\n\n- you can enter that country\n\n- the only purpose of your visit to the UK is transit\n\nYou do not need a transit visa if you:\n\n- have an EEA family permit\n\n- have an EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- have a Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person\n\n- have a Standard Visitor visa\n\n- have a Marriage Visitor visa\n\n## Types of transit visa\n\nThe visa you need depends on whether you\u2019re going through UK border control when you arrive in the UK.\n\nYour airline can tell you if you\u2019ll go through border control.\n\n## You\u2019re not going through UK border control\n\nApply for a Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) if you\u2019ll be changing flights in the UK and will not be going through UK border control.\n\n## You\u2019re going through UK border control\n\nApply for a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019ll be going through UK border control but leaving the UK within 48 hours.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa if:\n\n- you need to stay longer in the UK\n\n- you can prove you need to frequently pass through the UK over a longer period\n\n## Fees\n\n- Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) - \u00a335\n\n- Visitor in Transit visa - \u00a364\n\nThe cost may vary slightly depending on which country you\u2019re in.\n\n## Direct Airside Transit visa\n\nYou might need a Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) if you:\n\n- will be changing flights in the UK on your way to another country\n\n- will not go through UK border control\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and whether you need to enter the UK. Check if you need to apply for a visa.\n\nYou do not need one if you have a valid:\n\n- EEA family permit\n\n- EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person\n\n- Standard Visitor visa\n\n- Marriage Visitor visa\n\nYou must apply for another type of visitor visa if you\u2019re travelling to or from Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.\n\n## Documents you need\n\nTo apply for a DATV, you must have a current passport or other valid travel document.\n\nYou need to provide evidence that you\u2019re allowed to enter the country you\u2019re travelling to, such as a:\n\n- residence permit\n\n- green card\n\n- valid visa\n\nIf you\u2019re not a resident or national of the country you\u2019re travelling to, you may need to explain why you\u2019re going there. You may need to provide details of where you\u2019re staying.\n\nYou must also provide evidence that your onward journey is booked or confirmed, such as:\n\n- a flight booking email\n\n- printed tickets\n\n- confirmation from a travel agent\n\nBring your visa and documents with you when you travel through the UK.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online for a Direct Airside Transit visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nYou may be able to get your visa faster or other services depending on what country you\u2019re in - check with your visa application centre.\n\nApply now\n\n## Visitor in Transit visa\n\nYou might need a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- changing flights in the UK on your way to another country\n\n- going through UK border control, for example to check in your luggage for a connecting flight\n\n- leaving the UK within 48 hours\n\n- not working or studying while in the UK\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and whether you need to enter the UK. Check if you need to apply for a visa.\n\nIf you will not be going through UK border control, check if you need a Direct Airside Transit visa instead.\n\nYou do not need a transit visa if you have a valid:\n\n- EEA family permit\n\n- EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person\n\n- Standard Visitor visa\n\n- Marriage Visitor visa\n\nYou need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa if you\u2019re staying in the UK for more than 48 hours.\n\n## Travel to the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland\n\nYou might need to apply for a visitor visa to travel through the UK to get to the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa unless you\u2019re exempt.\n\nYou do not need a UK visitor visa if:\n\n- you have a valid visa for the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man\n\n- you have a valid Irish biometric visa (marked \u2018BC\u2019 or \u2018BC BIVS\u2019 in the \u2018Remarks\u2019 section)\n\n## If you need to pass through the UK regularly\n\nYou can also apply for a long-term Standard Visitor visa if you need to pass through the UK in transit regularly over a longer period. You can stay for a maximum of 6 months on each visit and your visa can last for 2, 5 or 10 years.\n\n## Documents you need\n\nTo apply for a Visitor in Transit visa, you must have a current passport or other valid travel document.\n\nYou need to provide evidence that you\u2019re allowed to enter the country you\u2019re travelling to, such as a:\n\n- residence permit\n\n- green card\n\n- valid visa\n\nIf you\u2019re not a resident or national of the country you\u2019re travelling to, you may need to explain why you\u2019re going there. You may need to provide details of where you\u2019re staying.\n\nYou must also provide evidence that your onward journey is booked or confirmed, such as:\n\n- a flight booking email\n\n- printed tickets\n\n- confirmation from a travel agent\n\nYour onward flight must be within 48 hours of your arrival in the UK.\n\nBring your visa and documents with you when you travel through the UK.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online for a Visitor in Transit visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nYou may be able to get your visa faster or other services depending on what country you\u2019re in - check with your visa application centre.\n\nApply now", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transit-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an American citizen who will be travelling to Paris on business this summer. I will be obliged to stop for a short conference in London and will be flying into Heathrow airport", + "original_question": "Is it possible for me to get a visa for the UK for just a few hours?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1395", + "question": "Scenario: I am an asylum seeker who has recently arrived from Syria with my family. I do not have permission to be in the UK but would not be safe if we returned to our home country.\n\nQuestion: As we are awaiting refugee status, do we still need a transit visa?\n\nDocument - Visa to pass through the UK in transit:\n## Overview\n\nYou might need a visa to pass through the UK in transit (on your way to another country).\n\nCheck if you need one before you apply.\n\nTo get a transit visa you must prove that:\n\n- you\u2019ll be in transit to another country, with enough funds and the intention to travel on\n\n- you can enter that country\n\n- the only purpose of your visit to the UK is transit\n\nYou do not need a transit visa if you:\n\n- have an EEA family permit\n\n- have an EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- have a Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person\n\n- have a Standard Visitor visa\n\n- have a Marriage Visitor visa\n\n## Types of transit visa\n\nThe visa you need depends on whether you\u2019re going through UK border control when you arrive in the UK.\n\nYour airline can tell you if you\u2019ll go through border control.\n\n## You\u2019re not going through UK border control\n\nApply for a Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) if you\u2019ll be changing flights in the UK and will not be going through UK border control.\n\n## You\u2019re going through UK border control\n\nApply for a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019ll be going through UK border control but leaving the UK within 48 hours.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa if:\n\n- you need to stay longer in the UK\n\n- you can prove you need to frequently pass through the UK over a longer period\n\n## Fees\n\n- Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) - \u00a335\n\n- Visitor in Transit visa - \u00a364\n\nThe cost may vary slightly depending on which country you\u2019re in.\n\n## Direct Airside Transit visa\n\nYou might need a Direct Airside Transit visa (DATV) if you:\n\n- will be changing flights in the UK on your way to another country\n\n- will not go through UK border control\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and whether you need to enter the UK. Check if you need to apply for a visa.\n\nYou do not need one if you have a valid:\n\n- EEA family permit\n\n- EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person\n\n- Standard Visitor visa\n\n- Marriage Visitor visa\n\nYou must apply for another type of visitor visa if you\u2019re travelling to or from Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.\n\n## Documents you need\n\nTo apply for a DATV, you must have a current passport or other valid travel document.\n\nYou need to provide evidence that you\u2019re allowed to enter the country you\u2019re travelling to, such as a:\n\n- residence permit\n\n- green card\n\n- valid visa\n\nIf you\u2019re not a resident or national of the country you\u2019re travelling to, you may need to explain why you\u2019re going there. You may need to provide details of where you\u2019re staying.\n\nYou must also provide evidence that your onward journey is booked or confirmed, such as:\n\n- a flight booking email\n\n- printed tickets\n\n- confirmation from a travel agent\n\nBring your visa and documents with you when you travel through the UK.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online for a Direct Airside Transit visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nYou may be able to get your visa faster or other services depending on what country you\u2019re in - check with your visa application centre.\n\nApply now\n\n## Visitor in Transit visa\n\nYou might need a Visitor in Transit visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- changing flights in the UK on your way to another country\n\n- going through UK border control, for example to check in your luggage for a connecting flight\n\n- leaving the UK within 48 hours\n\n- not working or studying while in the UK\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality and whether you need to enter the UK. Check if you need to apply for a visa.\n\nIf you will not be going through UK border control, check if you need a Direct Airside Transit visa instead.\n\nYou do not need a transit visa if you have a valid:\n\n- EEA family permit\n\n- EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- Home Office travel document, for example you\u2019re a refugee or stateless person\n\n- Standard Visitor visa\n\n- Marriage Visitor visa\n\nYou need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa if you\u2019re staying in the UK for more than 48 hours.\n\n## Travel to the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland\n\nYou might need to apply for a visitor visa to travel through the UK to get to the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to apply for a Standard Visitor visa unless you\u2019re exempt.\n\nYou do not need a UK visitor visa if:\n\n- you have a valid visa for the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man\n\n- you have a valid Irish biometric visa (marked \u2018BC\u2019 or \u2018BC BIVS\u2019 in the \u2018Remarks\u2019 section)\n\n## If you need to pass through the UK regularly\n\nYou can also apply for a long-term Standard Visitor visa if you need to pass through the UK in transit regularly over a longer period. You can stay for a maximum of 6 months on each visit and your visa can last for 2, 5 or 10 years.\n\n## Documents you need\n\nTo apply for a Visitor in Transit visa, you must have a current passport or other valid travel document.\n\nYou need to provide evidence that you\u2019re allowed to enter the country you\u2019re travelling to, such as a:\n\n- residence permit\n\n- green card\n\n- valid visa\n\nIf you\u2019re not a resident or national of the country you\u2019re travelling to, you may need to explain why you\u2019re going there. You may need to provide details of where you\u2019re staying.\n\nYou must also provide evidence that your onward journey is booked or confirmed, such as:\n\n- a flight booking email\n\n- printed tickets\n\n- confirmation from a travel agent\n\nYour onward flight must be within 48 hours of your arrival in the UK.\n\nBring your visa and documents with you when you travel through the UK.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online for a Visitor in Transit visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of your application.\n\nYou may be able to get your visa faster or other services depending on what country you\u2019re in - check with your visa application centre.\n\nApply now", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transit-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an asylum seeker who has recently arrived from Syria with my family. I do not have permission to be in the UK but would not be safe if we returned to our home country.", + "original_question": "As we are awaiting refugee status, do we still need a transit visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1396", + "question": "Scenario: I am married, live in England and currently earn \u00a310,200 pa from my job, plus another \u00a33,200 from a private pension. My wife earns a little over \u00a326,000 pa, and pays income tax at the basic rate.\n\nQuestion: If I claim marriage allowance, will my pension income be counted against my personal allowance when determining how much is transferred to my wife?\n\nDocument - Marriage Allowance:\n## How it works\n\nMarriage Allowance lets you transfer \u00a31,260 of your Personal Allowance to your husband, wife or civil partner.\n\nThis reduces their tax by up to \u00a3252 in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the next year).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nTo benefit as a couple, you (as the lower earner) must normally have an income below your Personal Allowance - this is usually \u00a312,570.\n\nYou can calculate how much tax you could save as a couple. You should call the Income Tax helpline instead if you receive other income such as dividends, savings or benefits from your job. You can also call if you do not know what your taxable income is.\n\nWhen you transfer some of your Personal Allowance to your husband, wife or civil partner you might have to pay more tax yourself, but you could still pay less as a couple.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can benefit from Marriage Allowance if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax or your income is below your Personal Allowance (usually \u00a312,570)\n\n- your partner pays Income Tax at the basic rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a350,270 before they receive Marriage Allowance\n\nYou cannot claim Marriage Allowance if you\u2019re living together but you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland, your partner must pay the starter, basic or intermediate rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a343,662.\n\nIt will not affect your application for Marriage Allowance if you or your partner:\n\n- are currently receiving a pension\n\n- live abroad - as long as you get a Personal Allowance.\n\nIf you or your partner were born before 6 April 1935, you might benefit more as a couple by applying for Married Couple\u2019s Allowance instead.\n\nYou cannot get Marriage Allowance and Married Couple\u2019s Allowance at the same time.\n\n## Backdating your claim\n\nYou can backdate your claim to include any tax year since 5 April 2017 that you were eligible for Marriage Allowance.\n\nYour partner\u2019s tax bill will be reduced depending on the Personal Allowance rate for the years you\u2019re backdating.\n\nIf your partner has died since 5 April 2017 you can still claim - phone the Income Tax helpline. If your partner was the lower earner, the person responsible for managing their tax affairs needs to phone.\n\n## Stopping Marriage Allowance\n\nYour Personal Allowance will transfer automatically to your partner every year until you cancel Marriage Allowance - for example if your income changes or your relationship ends.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply for Marriage Allowance.\n\nIf both of you have no income other than your wages, then the person who earns the least should make the claim.\n\nIf either of you gets other income, such as dividends or savings, you may need to work out who should claim. You can call the Income Tax helpline if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nChanges to your Personal Allowances will be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April) if your application is successful.\n\n## How your Personal Allowances change\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give your partner the allowance you have transferred to them either:\n\n- by changing their tax code - this can take up to 2 months\n\n- when they send their Self Assessment tax return\n\nIf your new Personal Allowance is lower than your income after you\u2019ve made a claim, you might have to pay some income tax. However, you might still benefit as a couple.\n\n## How your tax code will change\n\nYou and your partner will get new tax codes that reflect the transferred allowance. Your tax code will end with:\n\n- \u2018M\u2019 if you are receiving the allowance\n\n- \u2018N\u2019 if you are transferring the allowance\n\nYour tax code will also change if you\u2019re employed or get a pension.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must cancel Marriage Allowance if any of the following apply:\n\n- your relationship ends - because you\u2019ve divorced, ended (\u2018dissolved\u2019) your civil partnership or legally separated\n\n- your income changes and you\u2019re no longer eligible\n\n- you no longer want to claim\n\nIf your income changes and you\u2019re not sure if you should still claim, call HMRC Marriage Allowance enquiries.\n\n## How to cancel\n\nEither of you can cancel if your relationship has ended.\n\nIf you\u2019re cancelling for another reason, the person who made the claim must cancel.\n\n## Online\n\nYou can cancel Marriage Allowance online. You\u2019ll be asked to prove your identity using information HMRC holds about you.\n\n## By phone\n\nContact Marriage Allowance enquiries to cancel or get help.\n\n## After you cancel\n\nIf you cancel because of a change of income, the allowance will run until the end of the tax year (5 April).\n\nIf your relationship has ended, the change may be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April).\n\nThis might mean you or your partner underpays tax for the year.\n\n## If your partner dies\n\nIf your partner dies after you\u2019ve transferred some of your Personal Allowance to them:\n\n- their estate will be treated as having the increased Personal Allowance\n\n- your Personal Allowance will go back to the normal amount\n\nIf your partner transferred some of their Personal Allowance to you before they died:\n\n- your Personal Allowance will remain at the higher level until the end of the tax year (5 April)\n\n- their estate will be treated as having the smaller amount", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marriage-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am married, live in England and currently earn \u00a310,200 pa from my job, plus another \u00a33,200 from a private pension. My wife earns a little over \u00a326,000 pa, and pays income tax at the basic rate.", + "original_question": "If I claim marriage allowance, will my pension income be counted against my personal allowance when determining how much is transferred to my wife?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1397", + "question": "Scenario: My wife and I live in Wales and have claimed marriage allowance for the past six years, which has allowed some of my personal allowance to be transferred to her each year. However, she is now terminally ill and I am reluctantly being forced to consider what will happen on her death.\n\nQuestion: Will my allowance revert to normal on her death, and will the amount that I have transferred already be counted against her estate?\n\nDocument - Marriage Allowance:\n## How it works\n\nMarriage Allowance lets you transfer \u00a31,260 of your Personal Allowance to your husband, wife or civil partner.\n\nThis reduces their tax by up to \u00a3252 in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the next year).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nTo benefit as a couple, you (as the lower earner) must normally have an income below your Personal Allowance - this is usually \u00a312,570.\n\nYou can calculate how much tax you could save as a couple. You should call the Income Tax helpline instead if you receive other income such as dividends, savings or benefits from your job. You can also call if you do not know what your taxable income is.\n\nWhen you transfer some of your Personal Allowance to your husband, wife or civil partner you might have to pay more tax yourself, but you could still pay less as a couple.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can benefit from Marriage Allowance if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax or your income is below your Personal Allowance (usually \u00a312,570)\n\n- your partner pays Income Tax at the basic rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a350,270 before they receive Marriage Allowance\n\nYou cannot claim Marriage Allowance if you\u2019re living together but you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland, your partner must pay the starter, basic or intermediate rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a343,662.\n\nIt will not affect your application for Marriage Allowance if you or your partner:\n\n- are currently receiving a pension\n\n- live abroad - as long as you get a Personal Allowance.\n\nIf you or your partner were born before 6 April 1935, you might benefit more as a couple by applying for Married Couple\u2019s Allowance instead.\n\nYou cannot get Marriage Allowance and Married Couple\u2019s Allowance at the same time.\n\n## Backdating your claim\n\nYou can backdate your claim to include any tax year since 5 April 2017 that you were eligible for Marriage Allowance.\n\nYour partner\u2019s tax bill will be reduced depending on the Personal Allowance rate for the years you\u2019re backdating.\n\nIf your partner has died since 5 April 2017 you can still claim - phone the Income Tax helpline. If your partner was the lower earner, the person responsible for managing their tax affairs needs to phone.\n\n## Stopping Marriage Allowance\n\nYour Personal Allowance will transfer automatically to your partner every year until you cancel Marriage Allowance - for example if your income changes or your relationship ends.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply for Marriage Allowance.\n\nIf both of you have no income other than your wages, then the person who earns the least should make the claim.\n\nIf either of you gets other income, such as dividends or savings, you may need to work out who should claim. You can call the Income Tax helpline if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nChanges to your Personal Allowances will be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April) if your application is successful.\n\n## How your Personal Allowances change\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give your partner the allowance you have transferred to them either:\n\n- by changing their tax code - this can take up to 2 months\n\n- when they send their Self Assessment tax return\n\nIf your new Personal Allowance is lower than your income after you\u2019ve made a claim, you might have to pay some income tax. However, you might still benefit as a couple.\n\n## How your tax code will change\n\nYou and your partner will get new tax codes that reflect the transferred allowance. Your tax code will end with:\n\n- \u2018M\u2019 if you are receiving the allowance\n\n- \u2018N\u2019 if you are transferring the allowance\n\nYour tax code will also change if you\u2019re employed or get a pension.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must cancel Marriage Allowance if any of the following apply:\n\n- your relationship ends - because you\u2019ve divorced, ended (\u2018dissolved\u2019) your civil partnership or legally separated\n\n- your income changes and you\u2019re no longer eligible\n\n- you no longer want to claim\n\nIf your income changes and you\u2019re not sure if you should still claim, call HMRC Marriage Allowance enquiries.\n\n## How to cancel\n\nEither of you can cancel if your relationship has ended.\n\nIf you\u2019re cancelling for another reason, the person who made the claim must cancel.\n\n## Online\n\nYou can cancel Marriage Allowance online. You\u2019ll be asked to prove your identity using information HMRC holds about you.\n\n## By phone\n\nContact Marriage Allowance enquiries to cancel or get help.\n\n## After you cancel\n\nIf you cancel because of a change of income, the allowance will run until the end of the tax year (5 April).\n\nIf your relationship has ended, the change may be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April).\n\nThis might mean you or your partner underpays tax for the year.\n\n## If your partner dies\n\nIf your partner dies after you\u2019ve transferred some of your Personal Allowance to them:\n\n- their estate will be treated as having the increased Personal Allowance\n\n- your Personal Allowance will go back to the normal amount\n\nIf your partner transferred some of their Personal Allowance to you before they died:\n\n- your Personal Allowance will remain at the higher level until the end of the tax year (5 April)\n\n- their estate will be treated as having the smaller amount", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marriage-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My wife and I live in Wales and have claimed marriage allowance for the past six years, which has allowed some of my personal allowance to be transferred to her each year. However, she is now terminally ill and I am reluctantly being forced to consider what will happen on her death.", + "original_question": "Will my allowance revert to normal on her death, and will the amount that I have transferred already be counted against her estate?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1398", + "question": "Scenario: I have been watching a lot of TV on hunting and am really excited to try it myself. I do want to do it legally since I have no interest in breaking the law. I know about the hunting/ shooting seasons but I am not sure where they apply.\n\nQuestion: Can I hunt bird outside of the hunting season?\n\nDocument - Hunting and shooting wildlife:\n## Overview\n\nYou must follow the rules for hunting and shooting wildlife including:\n\n- what you can hunt or shoot\n\n- when you can do it\n\n- what equipment you can use\n\nYou can be fined or jailed for hunting illegally or causing unnecessary suffering to an animal.\n\nYou must have permission from the land owner.\n\n## Firearms and shotgun certificates\n\nYou must get a certificate to use a shotgun, rifle or other firearm.\n\nYou don\u2019t need a certificate for:\n\n- air rifles up to 12ft lb in power\n\n- air pistols up to 6ft lb in power\n\nYou can\u2019t use:\n\n- bows or crossbows\n\n- explosives (other than the legal ammunition for a firearm)\n\n## Managing wildlife and controlling pests\n\nThere are different rules about what you can do to manage wildlife on your land or control pests on your property.\n\n## Birds\n\nYou can shoot certain species of game birds, quarry birds and waterfowl but only during the shooting season.\n\nSometimes you can only shoot in certain locations, for example you can\u2019t shoot some waterfowl above the high water line.\n\nYou can\u2019t shoot birds in the closed season.\n\nYou must get a falconry licence to hunt birds with a falcon.\n\n## Equipment\n\nIf you\u2019re using a shotgun to shoot birds, the internal diameter of the shotgun can\u2019t be more than 1.75 inches.\n\nYou can\u2019t use:\n\n- a firearm that can hold more than 2 rounds of ammunition in the magazine (such as an automatic or semi-automatic weapon)\n\n- artificial lighting\n\n- a sighting device for night shooting, or a device for lighting up targets\n\n## Mammals\n\nThere are different rules for foxes, deer and other mammals.\n\n## Foxes\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to hunt foxes with a pack of dogs. You can use dogs to simulate hunting, for example \u2018drag\u2019 or \u2018trail\u2019 hunting.\n\nYou can use up to 2 dogs to chase (\u2018flush\u2019 or \u2018stalk\u2019) foxes out of hiding if the fox is causing damage to your property or the environment.\n\nYour dogs can\u2019t go underground to find the foxes unless they\u2019re threatening wild or game birds kept for shooting - only one dog can go underground at any time.\n\nYou must:\n\n- shoot the fox quickly after it\u2019s been found\n\n- carry proof you own the land you\u2019re shooting on or written permission from the landowner\n\nYou can be fined, and your dogs or hunting equipment taken away, if you break the law.\n\nThere are other ways you can control foxes if they\u2019re causing damage to your property or the environment.\n\n## Deer\n\nYou must follow the restrictions on when you can shoot deer and what type of firearms and ammunition you can use.\n\nYou need a licence to shoot deer:\n\n- in the closed season\n\n- at night (at any time of the year)\n\nYou can\u2019t use a vehicle to chase deer.\n\n## Other mammals\n\nYou can hunt or shoot some other mammals.\n\nThere are rules on when you can hunt or shoot and what equipment you can use.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hunting", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been watching a lot of TV on hunting and am really excited to try it myself. I do want to do it legally since I have no interest in breaking the law. I know about the hunting/ shooting seasons but I am not sure where they apply.", + "original_question": "Can I hunt bird outside of the hunting season?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1399", + "question": "Scenario: A couple of friends got me in hunting this season and I plan on giving it a try. They are both using firearms but since I practice archery as a sport I have a bow which I plan on using when I join them.\n\nQuestion: Am I permitted to use my bow for hunting wildlife?\n\nDocument - Hunting and shooting wildlife:\n## Overview\n\nYou must follow the rules for hunting and shooting wildlife including:\n\n- what you can hunt or shoot\n\n- when you can do it\n\n- what equipment you can use\n\nYou can be fined or jailed for hunting illegally or causing unnecessary suffering to an animal.\n\nYou must have permission from the land owner.\n\n## Firearms and shotgun certificates\n\nYou must get a certificate to use a shotgun, rifle or other firearm.\n\nYou don\u2019t need a certificate for:\n\n- air rifles up to 12ft lb in power\n\n- air pistols up to 6ft lb in power\n\nYou can\u2019t use:\n\n- bows or crossbows\n\n- explosives (other than the legal ammunition for a firearm)\n\n## Managing wildlife and controlling pests\n\nThere are different rules about what you can do to manage wildlife on your land or control pests on your property.\n\n## Birds\n\nYou can shoot certain species of game birds, quarry birds and waterfowl but only during the shooting season.\n\nSometimes you can only shoot in certain locations, for example you can\u2019t shoot some waterfowl above the high water line.\n\nYou can\u2019t shoot birds in the closed season.\n\nYou must get a falconry licence to hunt birds with a falcon.\n\n## Equipment\n\nIf you\u2019re using a shotgun to shoot birds, the internal diameter of the shotgun can\u2019t be more than 1.75 inches.\n\nYou can\u2019t use:\n\n- a firearm that can hold more than 2 rounds of ammunition in the magazine (such as an automatic or semi-automatic weapon)\n\n- artificial lighting\n\n- a sighting device for night shooting, or a device for lighting up targets\n\n## Mammals\n\nThere are different rules for foxes, deer and other mammals.\n\n## Foxes\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to hunt foxes with a pack of dogs. You can use dogs to simulate hunting, for example \u2018drag\u2019 or \u2018trail\u2019 hunting.\n\nYou can use up to 2 dogs to chase (\u2018flush\u2019 or \u2018stalk\u2019) foxes out of hiding if the fox is causing damage to your property or the environment.\n\nYour dogs can\u2019t go underground to find the foxes unless they\u2019re threatening wild or game birds kept for shooting - only one dog can go underground at any time.\n\nYou must:\n\n- shoot the fox quickly after it\u2019s been found\n\n- carry proof you own the land you\u2019re shooting on or written permission from the landowner\n\nYou can be fined, and your dogs or hunting equipment taken away, if you break the law.\n\nThere are other ways you can control foxes if they\u2019re causing damage to your property or the environment.\n\n## Deer\n\nYou must follow the restrictions on when you can shoot deer and what type of firearms and ammunition you can use.\n\nYou need a licence to shoot deer:\n\n- in the closed season\n\n- at night (at any time of the year)\n\nYou can\u2019t use a vehicle to chase deer.\n\n## Other mammals\n\nYou can hunt or shoot some other mammals.\n\nThere are rules on when you can hunt or shoot and what equipment you can use.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hunting", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "A couple of friends got me in hunting this season and I plan on giving it a try. They are both using firearms but since I practice archery as a sport I have a bow which I plan on using when I join them.", + "original_question": "Am I permitted to use my bow for hunting wildlife?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1400", + "question": "Scenario: I am currently unemployed and i am receiving a jobseekers allowance. the other day i got a P800 in the mail.\n\nQuestion: Does the P800 come by mistake?\n\nDocument - Tax overpayments and underpayments:\n## Your tax calculation\n\nIf you\u2019re employed or get a pension, your employer or pension provider uses your tax code to work out how much tax to take from you.\n\nYou could still be paying too much or too little tax. For example, if you got a company benefit or pay rise that HMRC did not know about, and so they did not update your tax code.\n\nIf you have not paid the right amount at the end of the tax year, HMRC will send you a P800 or a Simple Assessment tax calculation.\n\nYour P800 or Simple Assessment will tell you how to get a refund or pay tax you owe.\n\nYou will not get a P800 or Simple Assessment if you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment. Your bill will be adjusted automatically if you\u2019ve underpaid or overpaid tax.\n\n## When you might get a P800\n\nYou might get a P800 if you:\n\n- finished one job, started a new one and were paid by both in the same month\n\n- started receiving a pension at work\n\n- received Employment and Support Allowance or Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\nP800s are sent out after the tax year ends on 5 April. You\u2019ll normally get yours by the end of November.\n\n## When you might get a Simple Assessment letter\n\nYou might get a Simple Assessment letter if you:\n\n- owe tax that cannot be automatically taken out of your income\n\n- owe HMRC more than \u00a33,000\n\n- have to pay tax on the State Pension\n\nYou can pay your Simple Assessment bill online.\n\n## Checking your tax calculation\n\nYour letter will show the income you should have paid tax on. This includes any income from pay, pensions, state benefits, savings interest and employee benefits.\n\nCompare the figures with your records, for example your P60, bank statements or letters from the Department for Work and Pensions. If your state benefit was paid every 4 weeks, work out the total paid in a year by multiplying your regular payment by 13 (not 12).\n\nYou may be able to use the HMRC tax checker to work out how much tax you should have paid.\n\n## If you think your tax calculation is wrong\n\nContact HMRC if you think the amounts used in your letter are wrong, or HMRC did not act on information you gave them.\n\nYou have 60 days to query your simple assessment in writing or by telephone. The details of how to do that will be mentioned in your Simple Assesment letter.\n\n## If your P800 says you're due a refund\n\nYour P800 tax calculation will tell you how you can get your refund.\n\n## If your P800 says you can claim online\n\nYour P800 will tell you if you can claim your refund online. You\u2019ll be sent the money within 5 working days - it\u2019ll be in your UK account once your bank has processed the payment.\n\nIf you do not claim within 21 days, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a cheque. You\u2019ll get this within 6 weeks of the date on your P800.\n\nContact HMRC if you cannot claim your refund online.\n\n## If your P800 says you\u2019ll get a cheque\n\nYour P800 will tell you if HMRC will send you a cheque. You do not need to make a claim.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your cheque within 14 days of the date on your P800. If you\u2019re owed tax from more than one year, you\u2019ll get a single cheque for the entire amount.\n\n## If you do not have a P800\n\nYou can check how much Income Tax you should have paid.\n\nContact HMRC if you think you\u2019ve paid too much tax. If they agree, they\u2019ll send you a P800.\n\n## If your P800 says you owe tax\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will usually collect the tax you owe in instalments over the next year. This will happen automatically if you:\n\n- pay Income Tax through an employer or pension provider\n\n- earn enough income over your Personal Allowance to cover the underpayment\n\n- owe less than \u00a33,000\n\nHMRC will write to you about how you can pay if they cannot collect the money this way.\n\n## Other ways to pay\n\n## Online\n\nYour P800 will tell you if you can pay the tax you owe online.\n\n## By post\n\nYou can pay with a cheque, made payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your National Insurance Number on the back of the cheque. Send it with a covering letter including:\n\n- your full name and address\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- the amount of the payment\n\n- what the payment relates to, for example, PAYE\n\n- the year the payment is for\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC. Send your cheque to:\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-overpayments-and-underpayments", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am currently unemployed and i am receiving a jobseekers allowance. the other day i got a P800 in the mail.", + "original_question": "Does the P800 come by mistake?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1402", + "question": "Scenario: I am a sole business trader with a high running cost . I spend a lot of money paying employees bonuses, benefits, and training costs.\n\nQuestion: Can i claim a tax relief?\n\nDocument - Claim Income Tax reliefs:\n## Overview\n\n\u2018Tax relief\u2019 means that you either:\n\n- pay less tax to take account of money you\u2019ve spent on specific things, like business expenses if you\u2019re self-employed\n\n- get tax back or get it repaid in another way, like into a personal pension\n\nYou get some types of tax relief automatically - but some you must apply for.\n\n## When you can get tax relief\n\nTax relief applies to pension contributions, charity donations, maintenance payments and time spent working on a ship outside the UK.\n\nIt also applies to work or business expenses \u2013\u00a0you may be able to:\n\n- get tax relief on what you spend running your business if you\u2019re self-employed (a sole trader or partner in a partnership)\n\n- claim tax relief if you\u2019re employed and you use your own money for travel and things that you must buy for your job\n\n## Charity donations: tax relief\n\nDonations to charity from individuals are tax free. You can get tax relief if you donate:\n\n- through Gift Aid\n\n- straight from your wages or pension, through Payroll Giving\n\n## Donations through Gift Aid\n\nCharities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs) can register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to be part of the Gift Aid scheme. When they\u2019re registered, they can claim back the tax you\u2019ve already paid on your donation.\n\nThe charity or CASC will give you a form to sign. They must also have an HMRC charity reference number - ask the charity or CASC if you\u2019re not sure.\n\nIf the charity or CASC gets back more tax than you\u2019ve paid, HMRC may ask you to pay more tax to cover the difference.\n\n## You pay Income Tax above the 20% basic rate\n\nYou can claim back the difference between the tax you\u2019ve paid on the donation and what the charity got back when you fill in your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nIf you don\u2019t fill in a Self Assessment tax return, call HMRC to tell them about your charity donations.\n\n## You get Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\nYour tax-free allowance may increase if you make donations through Gift Aid and claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf you fill in a Self Assessment tax return, your allowance will be adjusted automatically if it needs to be.\n\nIf you don\u2019t, call HMRC to tell them about your charity donations.\n\n## Payroll Giving schemes\n\nIf your employer or pension provider offers a Payroll Giving scheme, any donations you give through the scheme will be taken before Income Tax is taken off.\n\nYou\u2019ll still pay National Insurance contributions on the amount of your donation. But you won\u2019t pay any Income Tax on the amount you donate.\n\n## Maintenance payments: tax relief\n\nMaintenance Payments Relief reduces your Income Tax if you make maintenance payments to an ex-spouse or civil partner.\n\nYou can get it if all of the following apply:\n\n- either of you were born before 6 April 1935\n\n- you\u2019re paying maintenance under a court order after the relationship has ended\n\n- the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-spouse or former civil partner (provided they aren\u2019t now remarried or in a new civil partnership) or for your children who are under 21\n\nMaintenance Payments Relief is worth 10% of the maintenance you pay to your ex-spouse or civil partner, up to a maximum of \u00a3326 a year (or 10% of \u00a33,260).\n\nTo claim it, call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-reliefs", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a sole business trader with a high running cost . I spend a lot of money paying employees bonuses, benefits, and training costs.", + "original_question": "Can i claim a tax relief?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1408", + "question": "Scenario: I have built a brand new home in Bradford. I was thinking about using it for a charity as i have not lived in it for 3 years. The materials set me back a lot of money.\n\nQuestion: Would I be able to claim a VAT refund?\n\nDocument - Building a new home and VAT:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a VAT refund on building materials and services if you\u2019re:\n\n- building a new home\n\n- converting a property into a home\n\n- building a non-profit communal residence - eg a hospice\n\n- building a property for a charity\n\nThe building work and materials have to qualify and you must apply to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 3 months of completing the work.\n\nThere is a separate guide to VAT if you\u2019re working in the construction industry.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThe application form has guidance on what building projects and materials qualify for a VAT refund. The basics are listed below.\n\n## New homes\n\nThe home must:\n\n- be separate and self-contained\n\n- be for you or your family to live or holiday in\n\n- not be for business purposes (you can use one room as a work from home office)\n\nBuilders working on new buildings should be zero-rated anyway and you won\u2019t pay any VAT on their services.\n\n## Conversions\n\nThe building being converted must usually be a non-residential building. Residential buildings qualify if they haven\u2019t been lived in for at least 10 years.\n\nYou may claim a refund for builders\u2019 work on a conversion of non-residential building into a home.\n\nFor other conversions builders can charge a reduced VAT rate.\n\n## Communal and charity buildings\n\nYou may get a VAT refund if the building is for one of the following purposes:\n\n- non-business - you can\u2019t charge a fee for the use of the building\n\n- charitable, for example a hospice\n\n- residential, for example a children\u2019s home\n\n## Building materials\n\nYou may claim a VAT refund for building materials that are incorporated into the building and can\u2019t be removed without tools or damaging the building.\n\n## What doesn\u2019t qualify\n\nYou can\u2019t get a VAT refund for:\n\n- building projects in the Channel Islands\n\n- materials or services that don\u2019t have any VAT - for example, they were zero-rated or exempt\n\n- professional or supervisory fees - for example, architects or surveyors\n\n- hiring machinery or equipment\n\n- buildings for business purposes\n\n- buildings that can\u2019t be sold or used separately from another property because of a planning permission condition\n\n- building materials that aren\u2019t permanently attached to or part of the building itself\n\n- fitted furniture, some electrical and gas appliances, carpets or garden ornaments\n\n## How to claim\n\nFill in form 431NB to claim a VAT refund on a new build, or 431C to claim for a conversion.\n\nSend your claim form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou must claim within 3 months of the building work being completed.\n\n## What you need to include\n\nYou must include all the documents listed in the claim form as part of your application.\n\nIf an invoice is in your business\u2019s name, you\u2019ll need proof that you\u2019ve refunded the amount from your personal bank - for example, a bank statement.\n\nVAT invoices must be valid and show the correct rate of VAT or they will not be accepted. For invoices not in sterling, convert the amounts into sterling.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nHMRC will write to you about when you can expect your VAT refund if your claim is successful. They will usually write to you within 6 weeks.\n\n## Help with VAT for building materials\n\nContact HMRC if you have further questions.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-building-new-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have built a brand new home in Bradford. I was thinking about using it for a charity as i have not lived in it for 3 years. The materials set me back a lot of money.", + "original_question": "Would I be able to claim a VAT refund?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1410", + "question": "Scenario: I am about to get engaged to my partner and want to know what the tax implications will be once we actually get married.\n\nQuestion: Can I share my tax free allowance with my partner?\n\nDocument - Marriage Allowance:\n## How it works\n\nMarriage Allowance lets you transfer \u00a31,260 of your Personal Allowance to your husband, wife or civil partner.\n\nThis reduces their tax by up to \u00a3252 in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the next year).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nTo benefit as a couple, you (as the lower earner) must normally have an income below your Personal Allowance - this is usually \u00a312,570.\n\nYou can calculate how much tax you could save as a couple. You should call the Income Tax helpline instead if you receive other income such as dividends, savings or benefits from your job. You can also call if you do not know what your taxable income is.\n\nWhen you transfer some of your Personal Allowance to your husband, wife or civil partner you might have to pay more tax yourself, but you could still pay less as a couple.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can benefit from Marriage Allowance if all the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax or your income is below your Personal Allowance (usually \u00a312,570)\n\n- your partner pays Income Tax at the basic rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a350,270 before they receive Marriage Allowance\n\nYou cannot claim Marriage Allowance if you\u2019re living together but you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland, your partner must pay the starter, basic or intermediate rate, which usually means their income is between \u00a312,571 and \u00a343,662.\n\nIt will not affect your application for Marriage Allowance if you or your partner:\n\n- are currently receiving a pension\n\n- live abroad - as long as you get a Personal Allowance.\n\nIf you or your partner were born before 6 April 1935, you might benefit more as a couple by applying for Married Couple\u2019s Allowance instead.\n\nYou cannot get Marriage Allowance and Married Couple\u2019s Allowance at the same time.\n\n## Backdating your claim\n\nYou can backdate your claim to include any tax year since 5 April 2017 that you were eligible for Marriage Allowance.\n\nYour partner\u2019s tax bill will be reduced depending on the Personal Allowance rate for the years you\u2019re backdating.\n\nIf your partner has died since 5 April 2017 you can still claim - phone the Income Tax helpline. If your partner was the lower earner, the person responsible for managing their tax affairs needs to phone.\n\n## Stopping Marriage Allowance\n\nYour Personal Allowance will transfer automatically to your partner every year until you cancel Marriage Allowance - for example if your income changes or your relationship ends.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply for Marriage Allowance.\n\nIf both of you have no income other than your wages, then the person who earns the least should make the claim.\n\nIf either of you gets other income, such as dividends or savings, you may need to work out who should claim. You can call the Income Tax helpline if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nChanges to your Personal Allowances will be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April) if your application is successful.\n\n## How your Personal Allowances change\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will give your partner the allowance you have transferred to them either:\n\n- by changing their tax code - this can take up to 2 months\n\n- when they send their Self Assessment tax return\n\nIf your new Personal Allowance is lower than your income after you\u2019ve made a claim, you might have to pay some income tax. However, you might still benefit as a couple.\n\n## How your tax code will change\n\nYou and your partner will get new tax codes that reflect the transferred allowance. Your tax code will end with:\n\n- \u2018M\u2019 if you are receiving the allowance\n\n- \u2018N\u2019 if you are transferring the allowance\n\nYour tax code will also change if you\u2019re employed or get a pension.\n\n## If your circumstances change\n\nYou must cancel Marriage Allowance if any of the following apply:\n\n- your relationship ends - because you\u2019ve divorced, ended (\u2018dissolved\u2019) your civil partnership or legally separated\n\n- your income changes and you\u2019re no longer eligible\n\n- you no longer want to claim\n\nIf your income changes and you\u2019re not sure if you should still claim, call HMRC Marriage Allowance enquiries.\n\n## How to cancel\n\nEither of you can cancel if your relationship has ended.\n\nIf you\u2019re cancelling for another reason, the person who made the claim must cancel.\n\n## Online\n\nYou can cancel Marriage Allowance online. You\u2019ll be asked to prove your identity using information HMRC holds about you.\n\n## By phone\n\nContact Marriage Allowance enquiries to cancel or get help.\n\n## After you cancel\n\nIf you cancel because of a change of income, the allowance will run until the end of the tax year (5 April).\n\nIf your relationship has ended, the change may be backdated to the start of the tax year (6 April).\n\nThis might mean you or your partner underpays tax for the year.\n\n## If your partner dies\n\nIf your partner dies after you\u2019ve transferred some of your Personal Allowance to them:\n\n- their estate will be treated as having the increased Personal Allowance\n\n- your Personal Allowance will go back to the normal amount\n\nIf your partner transferred some of their Personal Allowance to you before they died:\n\n- your Personal Allowance will remain at the higher level until the end of the tax year (5 April)\n\n- their estate will be treated as having the smaller amount", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marriage-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am about to get engaged to my partner and want to know what the tax implications will be once we actually get married.", + "original_question": "Can I share my tax free allowance with my partner?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1412", + "question": "Scenario: A fellow business owner and a close friend of mine told me about the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme. I was instantly interested since it seems like something that will benefit my business a lot. He mentioned that there is a VAT taxable turnover limit for people to be eligible. Last year my taxable turnover was a little over \u00a3250000.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible to apply for the scheme?\n\nDocument - VAT Cash Accounting Scheme:\n## Overview\n\nUsually, the amount of VAT you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is the difference between your sales invoices and purchase invoices. You have to\nreport these figures and pay any money to HMRC even if the invoices have not been paid.\n\nWith the Cash Accounting Scheme you:\n\n- pay VAT on your sales when your customers pay you\n\n- reclaim VAT on your purchases when you have paid your supplier\n\nTo join the scheme your VAT taxable turnover must be \u00a31.35 million or less.\n\nTalk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Cash Accounting Scheme is right for you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can use cash accounting if:\n\n- your business is registered for VAT\n\n- your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months\n\nVAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use cash accounting if:\n\n- you use the VAT Flat Rate Scheme - instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based turnover method\n\n- you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments\n\n- you\u2019ve committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion\n\nYou cannot use it for the following transactions (you have to use standard VAT accounting instead):\n\n- where the payment terms of a VAT invoice are 6 months or more\n\n- where a VAT invoice is raised in advance\n\n- buying or selling goods using lease purchase, hire purchase, conditional sale or credit sale\n\n- importing goods into Northern Ireland from the EU\n\n- moving goods outside a customs warehouse\n\nYou must leave the scheme if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a31.6 million\n\n## Join or leave the scheme\n\n## How to join\n\nYou must be eligible to join the scheme. You join at the beginning of a VAT accounting period.\n\nYou do not have to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) you use cash accounting.\n\n## How to leave\n\nYou can leave the scheme at any time, but you must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to use it. You should leave at the end of a VAT accounting period.\n\nYou do not have to tell HMRC you\u2019ve stopped using it, but you must report and pay HMRC any outstanding VAT (whether your customers have paid you or not).\n\nYou can report and pay the outstanding VAT over 6 months.\n\nIf your VAT taxable turnover exceeded \u00a31.35 million in the last 3 months you must report and pay straight away.\n\nYou must pay immediately if HMRC has written to you to withdraw your use of the scheme.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-cash-accounting-scheme", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "A fellow business owner and a close friend of mine told me about the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme. I was instantly interested since it seems like something that will benefit my business a lot. He mentioned that there is a VAT taxable turnover limit for people to be eligible. Last year my taxable turnover was a little over \u00a3250000.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible to apply for the scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1413", + "question": "Scenario: I have been a part of the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme for over a year now. Since I was accepted into the scheme my VAT taxable turnover exceeded \u00a31.5 million. I know that is over the limit to be eligible for the scheme but I was already accepted and have been using it for a while.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to withdraw from the scheme?\n\nDocument - VAT Cash Accounting Scheme:\n## Overview\n\nUsually, the amount of VAT you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) is the difference between your sales invoices and purchase invoices. You have to\nreport these figures and pay any money to HMRC even if the invoices have not been paid.\n\nWith the Cash Accounting Scheme you:\n\n- pay VAT on your sales when your customers pay you\n\n- reclaim VAT on your purchases when you have paid your supplier\n\nTo join the scheme your VAT taxable turnover must be \u00a31.35 million or less.\n\nTalk to an accountant or tax adviser if you want advice on whether the Cash Accounting Scheme is right for you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can use cash accounting if:\n\n- your business is registered for VAT\n\n- your estimated VAT taxable turnover is \u00a31.35 million or less in the next 12 months\n\nVAT taxable turnover is the total of everything sold that is not VAT exempt.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use cash accounting if:\n\n- you use the VAT Flat Rate Scheme - instead, the Flat Rate Scheme has its own cash-based turnover method\n\n- you\u2019re not up to date with your VAT Returns or payments\n\n- you\u2019ve committed a VAT offence in the last 12 months, for example VAT evasion\n\nYou cannot use it for the following transactions (you have to use standard VAT accounting instead):\n\n- where the payment terms of a VAT invoice are 6 months or more\n\n- where a VAT invoice is raised in advance\n\n- buying or selling goods using lease purchase, hire purchase, conditional sale or credit sale\n\n- importing goods into Northern Ireland from the EU\n\n- moving goods outside a customs warehouse\n\nYou must leave the scheme if your VAT taxable turnover is more than \u00a31.6 million\n\n## Join or leave the scheme\n\n## How to join\n\nYou must be eligible to join the scheme. You join at the beginning of a VAT accounting period.\n\nYou do not have to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) you use cash accounting.\n\n## How to leave\n\nYou can leave the scheme at any time, but you must leave if you\u2019re no longer eligible to use it. You should leave at the end of a VAT accounting period.\n\nYou do not have to tell HMRC you\u2019ve stopped using it, but you must report and pay HMRC any outstanding VAT (whether your customers have paid you or not).\n\nYou can report and pay the outstanding VAT over 6 months.\n\nIf your VAT taxable turnover exceeded \u00a31.35 million in the last 3 months you must report and pay straight away.\n\nYou must pay immediately if HMRC has written to you to withdraw your use of the scheme.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-cash-accounting-scheme", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been a part of the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme for over a year now. Since I was accepted into the scheme my VAT taxable turnover exceeded \u00a31.5 million. I know that is over the limit to be eligible for the scheme but I was already accepted and have been using it for a while.", + "original_question": "Do I need to withdraw from the scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1414", + "question": "Scenario: Good morning. I have some savings and portfolio of share I inherited from my father. I am trying to understand my tax situation.\n\nQuestion: Are there tax free allowances for savings and interest?\n\nDocument - Income Tax rates and Personal Allowances:\n## Current rates and allowances\n\nHow much Income Tax you pay in each tax year depends on:\n\n- how much of your income is above your Personal Allowance\n\n- how much of your income falls within each tax band\n\nSome income is tax-free.\n\nThe current tax year is from 6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022.\n\n## Your tax-free Personal Allowance\n\nThe standard Personal Allowance is \u00a312,570, which is the amount of income you do not have to pay tax on.\n\nYour Personal Allowance may be bigger if you claim Marriage Allowance or Blind Person\u2019s Allowance. It\u2019s smaller if your income is over \u00a3100,000.\n\n## Income Tax rates and bands\n\nThe table shows the tax rates you pay in each band if you have a standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,570.\n\nIncome tax bands are different if you live in Scotland.\n\n| Band | Taxable income | Tax rate |\n\n| Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0% |\n\n| Basic rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a350,270 | 20% |\n\n| Higher rate | \u00a350,271 to \u00a3150,000 | 40% |\n\n| Additional rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 45% |\n\nYou can also see the rates and bands without the Personal Allowance. You do not get a Personal Allowance on taxable income over \u00a3125,140.\n\n## If you\u2019re employed or get a pension\n\nCheck your Income Tax to see:\n\n- your Personal Allowance and tax code\n\n- how much tax you\u2019ve paid in the current tax year\n\n- how much you\u2019re likely to pay for the rest of the year\n\n## Other allowances\n\nYou have tax-free allowances for:\n\n- savings interest\n\n- dividends, if you own shares in a company\n\nYou may also have tax-free allowances for:\n\n- your first \u00a31,000 of income from self-employment - this is your \u2018trading allowance\u2019\n\n- your first \u00a31,000 of income from property you rent (unless you\u2019re using the Rent a Room Scheme)\n\nFind out whether you\u2019re eligible for the trading and property allowances.\n\nYou pay tax on any interest, dividends or income over your allowances.\n\n## Paying less Income Tax\n\nYou may be able to claim Income Tax reliefs if you\u2019re eligible for them.\n\n## If you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\nYou may be able to claim Marriage Allowance to reduce your partner\u2019s tax if your income is less than the standard Personal Allowance.\n\nIf you do not claim Marriage Allowance and you or your partner were born before 6 April 1935, you may be able to claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Previous tax years\n\nThe standard Personal Allowance from 6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021 was \u00a312,500.\n\n| Tax rate | Taxable income above your Personal Allowance for 2020 to 2021 |\n\n| Basic rate 20% | \u00a30 to \u00a337,500 People with the standard Personal Allowance started paying this rate on income over \u00a312,500 |\n\n| Higher rate 40% | \u00a337,501 to \u00a3150,000 People with the standard Personal Allowance started paying this rate on income over \u00a350,000 |\n\n| Additional rate 45% | Over \u00a3150,000 |\n\nYour Personal Allowance would have been smaller if your income was over \u00a3100,000, or bigger if you got Marriage Allowance or Blind Person\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Other rates and earlier tax years\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) publishes tables with full rates and allowances for current and past tax years.\n\n## Income over \u00a3100,000\n\nYour Personal Allowance goes down by \u00a31 for every \u00a32 that your adjusted net income is above \u00a3100,000. This means your allowance is zero if your income is \u00a3125,140 or above.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to do a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.\n\n## Register for Self Assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.\n\nRegister now", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-rates", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Good morning. I have some savings and portfolio of share I inherited from my father. I am trying to understand my tax situation.", + "original_question": "Are there tax free allowances for savings and interest?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1415", + "question": "Scenario: I am a married blind man and have just received my self assessment form to complete. I am interested in saving as much money as i can.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply Marriage allowance for blind married people like me?\n\nDocument - Income Tax rates and Personal Allowances:\n## Current rates and allowances\n\nHow much Income Tax you pay in each tax year depends on:\n\n- how much of your income is above your Personal Allowance\n\n- how much of your income falls within each tax band\n\nSome income is tax-free.\n\nThe current tax year is from 6 April 2021 to 5 April 2022.\n\n## Your tax-free Personal Allowance\n\nThe standard Personal Allowance is \u00a312,570, which is the amount of income you do not have to pay tax on.\n\nYour Personal Allowance may be bigger if you claim Marriage Allowance or Blind Person\u2019s Allowance. It\u2019s smaller if your income is over \u00a3100,000.\n\n## Income Tax rates and bands\n\nThe table shows the tax rates you pay in each band if you have a standard Personal Allowance of \u00a312,570.\n\nIncome tax bands are different if you live in Scotland.\n\n| Band | Taxable income | Tax rate |\n\n| Personal Allowance | Up to \u00a312,570 | 0% |\n\n| Basic rate | \u00a312,571 to \u00a350,270 | 20% |\n\n| Higher rate | \u00a350,271 to \u00a3150,000 | 40% |\n\n| Additional rate | over \u00a3150,000 | 45% |\n\nYou can also see the rates and bands without the Personal Allowance. You do not get a Personal Allowance on taxable income over \u00a3125,140.\n\n## If you\u2019re employed or get a pension\n\nCheck your Income Tax to see:\n\n- your Personal Allowance and tax code\n\n- how much tax you\u2019ve paid in the current tax year\n\n- how much you\u2019re likely to pay for the rest of the year\n\n## Other allowances\n\nYou have tax-free allowances for:\n\n- savings interest\n\n- dividends, if you own shares in a company\n\nYou may also have tax-free allowances for:\n\n- your first \u00a31,000 of income from self-employment - this is your \u2018trading allowance\u2019\n\n- your first \u00a31,000 of income from property you rent (unless you\u2019re using the Rent a Room Scheme)\n\nFind out whether you\u2019re eligible for the trading and property allowances.\n\nYou pay tax on any interest, dividends or income over your allowances.\n\n## Paying less Income Tax\n\nYou may be able to claim Income Tax reliefs if you\u2019re eligible for them.\n\n## If you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\nYou may be able to claim Marriage Allowance to reduce your partner\u2019s tax if your income is less than the standard Personal Allowance.\n\nIf you do not claim Marriage Allowance and you or your partner were born before 6 April 1935, you may be able to claim Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Previous tax years\n\nThe standard Personal Allowance from 6 April 2020 to 5 April 2021 was \u00a312,500.\n\n| Tax rate | Taxable income above your Personal Allowance for 2020 to 2021 |\n\n| Basic rate 20% | \u00a30 to \u00a337,500 People with the standard Personal Allowance started paying this rate on income over \u00a312,500 |\n\n| Higher rate 40% | \u00a337,501 to \u00a3150,000 People with the standard Personal Allowance started paying this rate on income over \u00a350,000 |\n\n| Additional rate 45% | Over \u00a3150,000 |\n\nYour Personal Allowance would have been smaller if your income was over \u00a3100,000, or bigger if you got Marriage Allowance or Blind Person\u2019s Allowance.\n\n## Other rates and earlier tax years\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) publishes tables with full rates and allowances for current and past tax years.\n\n## Income over \u00a3100,000\n\nYour Personal Allowance goes down by \u00a31 for every \u00a32 that your adjusted net income is above \u00a3100,000. This means your allowance is zero if your income is \u00a3125,140 or above.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to do a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.\n\n## Register for Self Assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.\n\nRegister now", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/income-tax-rates", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a married blind man and have just received my self assessment form to complete. I am interested in saving as much money as i can.", + "original_question": "Can I apply Marriage allowance for blind married people like me?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1416", + "question": "Scenario: we are putting up a shelter for abandoned and abused animals which will operate as a not for profit organization.\n\nQuestion: can i apply for a VAT refund on building materials for an animal shelter ?\n\nDocument - Building a new home and VAT:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a VAT refund on building materials and services if you\u2019re:\n\n- building a new home\n\n- converting a property into a home\n\n- building a non-profit communal residence - eg a hospice\n\n- building a property for a charity\n\nThe building work and materials have to qualify and you must apply to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 3 months of completing the work.\n\nThere is a separate guide to VAT if you\u2019re working in the construction industry.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThe application form has guidance on what building projects and materials qualify for a VAT refund. The basics are listed below.\n\n## New homes\n\nThe home must:\n\n- be separate and self-contained\n\n- be for you or your family to live or holiday in\n\n- not be for business purposes (you can use one room as a work from home office)\n\nBuilders working on new buildings should be zero-rated anyway and you won\u2019t pay any VAT on their services.\n\n## Conversions\n\nThe building being converted must usually be a non-residential building. Residential buildings qualify if they haven\u2019t been lived in for at least 10 years.\n\nYou may claim a refund for builders\u2019 work on a conversion of non-residential building into a home.\n\nFor other conversions builders can charge a reduced VAT rate.\n\n## Communal and charity buildings\n\nYou may get a VAT refund if the building is for one of the following purposes:\n\n- non-business - you can\u2019t charge a fee for the use of the building\n\n- charitable, for example a hospice\n\n- residential, for example a children\u2019s home\n\n## Building materials\n\nYou may claim a VAT refund for building materials that are incorporated into the building and can\u2019t be removed without tools or damaging the building.\n\n## What doesn\u2019t qualify\n\nYou can\u2019t get a VAT refund for:\n\n- building projects in the Channel Islands\n\n- materials or services that don\u2019t have any VAT - for example, they were zero-rated or exempt\n\n- professional or supervisory fees - for example, architects or surveyors\n\n- hiring machinery or equipment\n\n- buildings for business purposes\n\n- buildings that can\u2019t be sold or used separately from another property because of a planning permission condition\n\n- building materials that aren\u2019t permanently attached to or part of the building itself\n\n- fitted furniture, some electrical and gas appliances, carpets or garden ornaments\n\n## How to claim\n\nFill in form 431NB to claim a VAT refund on a new build, or 431C to claim for a conversion.\n\nSend your claim form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou must claim within 3 months of the building work being completed.\n\n## What you need to include\n\nYou must include all the documents listed in the claim form as part of your application.\n\nIf an invoice is in your business\u2019s name, you\u2019ll need proof that you\u2019ve refunded the amount from your personal bank - for example, a bank statement.\n\nVAT invoices must be valid and show the correct rate of VAT or they will not be accepted. For invoices not in sterling, convert the amounts into sterling.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nHMRC will write to you about when you can expect your VAT refund if your claim is successful. They will usually write to you within 6 weeks.\n\n## Help with VAT for building materials\n\nContact HMRC if you have further questions.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-building-new-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "we are putting up a shelter for abandoned and abused animals which will operate as a not for profit organization.", + "original_question": "can i apply for a VAT refund on building materials for an animal shelter ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1417", + "question": "Scenario: we have acquired a three bedroom house from its previous owners who were living there until recently. we want to convert it to a five bedroom house to accomodate our family.\n\nQuestion: can we apply for a VAT refund on a home conversion we want to carry out ?\n\nDocument - Building a new home and VAT:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a VAT refund on building materials and services if you\u2019re:\n\n- building a new home\n\n- converting a property into a home\n\n- building a non-profit communal residence - eg a hospice\n\n- building a property for a charity\n\nThe building work and materials have to qualify and you must apply to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) within 3 months of completing the work.\n\nThere is a separate guide to VAT if you\u2019re working in the construction industry.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nThe application form has guidance on what building projects and materials qualify for a VAT refund. The basics are listed below.\n\n## New homes\n\nThe home must:\n\n- be separate and self-contained\n\n- be for you or your family to live or holiday in\n\n- not be for business purposes (you can use one room as a work from home office)\n\nBuilders working on new buildings should be zero-rated anyway and you won\u2019t pay any VAT on their services.\n\n## Conversions\n\nThe building being converted must usually be a non-residential building. Residential buildings qualify if they haven\u2019t been lived in for at least 10 years.\n\nYou may claim a refund for builders\u2019 work on a conversion of non-residential building into a home.\n\nFor other conversions builders can charge a reduced VAT rate.\n\n## Communal and charity buildings\n\nYou may get a VAT refund if the building is for one of the following purposes:\n\n- non-business - you can\u2019t charge a fee for the use of the building\n\n- charitable, for example a hospice\n\n- residential, for example a children\u2019s home\n\n## Building materials\n\nYou may claim a VAT refund for building materials that are incorporated into the building and can\u2019t be removed without tools or damaging the building.\n\n## What doesn\u2019t qualify\n\nYou can\u2019t get a VAT refund for:\n\n- building projects in the Channel Islands\n\n- materials or services that don\u2019t have any VAT - for example, they were zero-rated or exempt\n\n- professional or supervisory fees - for example, architects or surveyors\n\n- hiring machinery or equipment\n\n- buildings for business purposes\n\n- buildings that can\u2019t be sold or used separately from another property because of a planning permission condition\n\n- building materials that aren\u2019t permanently attached to or part of the building itself\n\n- fitted furniture, some electrical and gas appliances, carpets or garden ornaments\n\n## How to claim\n\nFill in form 431NB to claim a VAT refund on a new build, or 431C to claim for a conversion.\n\nSend your claim form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou must claim within 3 months of the building work being completed.\n\n## What you need to include\n\nYou must include all the documents listed in the claim form as part of your application.\n\nIf an invoice is in your business\u2019s name, you\u2019ll need proof that you\u2019ve refunded the amount from your personal bank - for example, a bank statement.\n\nVAT invoices must be valid and show the correct rate of VAT or they will not be accepted. For invoices not in sterling, convert the amounts into sterling.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nHMRC will write to you about when you can expect your VAT refund if your claim is successful. They will usually write to you within 6 weeks.\n\n## Help with VAT for building materials\n\nContact HMRC if you have further questions.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-building-new-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "we have acquired a three bedroom house from its previous owners who were living there until recently. we want to convert it to a five bedroom house to accomodate our family.", + "original_question": "can we apply for a VAT refund on a home conversion we want to carry out ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1418", + "question": "Scenario: I am 25 and an immigrant from Somalia. I have been in the UK for seven years. In this time I have qualified as a doctor and wish to return to my home country to help people there.\n\nQuestion: Is there any sort of financial assistance I am eligible for to help me return to my home country?\n\nDocument - Get help to return home if you\u2019re a migrant in the UK:\n## Overview\n\nYou can get help to return to your home country. This is known as \u2018voluntary return\u2019.\n\nIf you are eligible, the voluntary returns service can:\n\n- explain your options for returning home\n\n- help you get travel documents, such as a passport\n\n- pay for travel tickets, if you are unable to\n\nYou can still get help if you\u2019re already making your own plans to return to your home country.\n\nYou may also be eligible to apply for financial support of up to \u00a33,000, which you can use to find somewhere to live, find a job or start a business in your home country.\n\n## Who can get help\n\nYou can usually apply for help to return home (\u2018voluntary return\u2019) if any of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re in the UK illegally or have overstayed your visa or permission to stay\n\n- you\u2019ve withdrawn, or want to withdraw, your application to stay in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve made a claim for asylum in the UK\n\n- you have a letter from UK Visas and Immigration confirming you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery\n\n## When you cannot apply\n\nYou cannot apply for voluntary return if you:\n\n- are currently being investigated by the police or detained by the Home Office\n\n- have been given a prison sentence that\u2019s 12 months or longer\n\n- have been convicted of an immigration offence and given a deportation order\n\n- have already been given humanitarian protection, indefinite leave to remain or refugee status in the UK\n\n- have a Service Providers from Switzerland visa\n\n- have a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- have an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nYou cannot apply for voluntary return if you either:\n\n- applied for, or have, settled or pre-settled status under the EU settlement scheme - even if you withdraw your application\n\n- started living in the UK before 1 January 2021 and meet the \u2018right to reside\u2019 criteria\n\n## Who can get financial support\n\nThe voluntary returns service can provide up to \u00a33,000 in financial support to help you after you leave the UK. If you are eligible, you will receive a single payment on a card before you leave the UK. You can only use the card in your home country.\n\nYou can apply for financial support if any of the following are true:\n\n- you are returning to a \u2018developing country\u2019, as defined by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)\n\n- your claim for asylum in the UK has been refused\n\n- you have a letter from UK Visas and Immigration confirming you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery\n\n- you\u2019re part of a family group that will travel together, including someone under 18 years old\n\n- you\u2019re under 18 and travelling alone\n\n- you\u2019re under 21 and a care leaver\n\n- you\u2019re sleeping rough\n\n- you need more help with your return - for example, because you have a medical condition\n\nContact the voluntary returns service if you\u2019re not sure whether or not you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply online for help to return to your home country you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your address in the UK\n\n- an email address\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019ve booked a flight to leave the UK in the next 7 days.\n\nApply for help online to return to your home country.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have access to the internet or a device\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## If you cannot apply online\n\nContact the voluntary returns service.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Home Office will contact you within 3 days to let you know they\u2019ve received your application.\n\nYou might need to provide further information to support your application. Your application can be cancelled if you do not do this.\n\nIf your passport or travel document is being held by the Home Office, it will be returned to you at the airport when you leave the UK.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/return-home-voluntarily", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 25 and an immigrant from Somalia. I have been in the UK for seven years. In this time I have qualified as a doctor and wish to return to my home country to help people there.", + "original_question": "Is there any sort of financial assistance I am eligible for to help me return to my home country?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1419", + "question": "Scenario: I have been paying Council Tax on my house for over 7 years now. When I started my house was located in a semi-rural area, but then nearby city has been expanding rapidly and that is no longer the case. Around 3 months ago an ASDA supermarket was opened close to my house.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible to challenge my band under these circumstances?\n\nDocument - Challenge your Council Tax band:\n## Challenging your band\n\nCouncil Tax bands are based on how much a property was worth on:\n\n- 1 April 1991, for England and Scotland\n\n- 1 April 2003, for Wales\n\nYou might be able to challenge your Council Tax band if you have evidence that suggests the band is wrong.\n\n## When you can challenge your band\n\nYou can challenge your band if you have been paying Council Tax on your property for less than 6 months.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been paying Council Tax on your property for more than 6 months you can only challenge your band in specific circumstances. These include if:\n\n- your property has changed - for example, it\u2019s been demolished, split into multiple properties or merged into one\n\n- your property\u2019s use has changed - for example, part of your property is now used for business\n\n- your local area has changed - for example, a new supermarket has been built\n\n## Before you challenge your band\n\nContact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) to explain why you think your band is wrong. You must be able to provide evidence that supports your opinion. The VOA may be able to review and change your band without you needing to challenge it.\n\nThere\u2019s currently a reduced telephone service because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Only contact the VOA by telephone if you cannot email them.\n\n## How to challenge your band\n\nIf the VOA has reviewed your band and you do not agree with their decision, you can then formally challenge your band.\n\n- Find your property\u2019s Council Tax band on the valuation list.\n\n- Select your property. From \u2018Council Tax band details\u2019 choose \u2018Do you think this Council Tax band is wrong?\u2019\n\n- From \u2018If you think your Council Tax band is wrong\u2019 choose \u2018Check if you can formally challenge your Council Tax band\u2019.\n\n- Answer the questions on the checklist to find out if you can make a challenge.\n\n- Select \u2018Make a formal challenge against your Council Tax band online\u2019 to fill in the challenge form.\n\n- Provide evidence that supports your challenge in the \u2018Formal challenge details\u2019 section.\n\nYou must continue paying your Council Tax while the challenge is happening.\n\nYou can also appoint someone else to challenge on your behalf.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland use the Scottish Assessors website to check your Council Tax band, then follow the link \u2018Make a proposal\u2019.\n\n## Evidence that supports your challenge\n\nYou must send evidence that your council tax band is wrong to the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you\u2019re in England or Wales.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland, use the Scottish Assessors website to check what evidence you need.\n\n## Evidence you can send\n\nSend the addresses of up to 5 similar properties in a lower Council Tax band than yours.\n\nThey must be the same as your property in:\n\n- age\n\n- style and design\n\n- size (the VOA will also consider properties that are larger than yours)\n\n- type (for example, they must be semi-detached houses if you live in a semi-detached house)\n\nThey must also be either:\n\n- in the same street or estate - if you live in a town or city\n\n- in the same village - if you live in the countryside\n\n## Evidence from house prices\n\nYou can also use the price that your property or similar properties sold for as evidence, if the sales were between:\n\n- 1 April 1989 and 31 March 1993 - if your property is in England\n\n- 1 April 2001 and 31 March 2005 - if your property is in Wales\n\nYou can look up property sale prices online from 1995 onwards.\n\nCompare the sale prices to what the properties were valued at:\n\n| Council Tax band | Properties is in England - value in April 1991 | Properties in Wales - value in April 2003 |\n\n| A | Up to \u00a340,000 | Up to \u00a344,000 |\n\n| B | More than \u00a340,000 and up to \u00a352,000 | More than \u00a344,000 and up to \u00a365,000 |\n\n| C | More than \u00a352,000 and up to \u00a368,000 | More than \u00a365,000 and up to \u00a391,000 |\n\n| D | More than \u00a368,000 and up to \u00a388,000 | More than \u00a391,000 and up to \u00a3123,000 |\n\n| E | More than \u00a388,000 and up to \u00a3120,000 | More than \u00a3123,000 and up to \u00a3162,000 |\n\n| F | More than \u00a3120,000 and up to \u00a3160,000 | More than \u00a3162,000 and up to \u00a3223,000 |\n\n| G | More than \u00a3160,000 and up to \u00a3320,000 | More than \u00a3223,000 and up to \u00a3324,000 |\n\n| H | More than \u00a3320,000 | More than \u00a3324,000 and up to \u00a3424,000 |\n\n| I | - | More than \u00a3424,000 |\n\nIf the sale prices are different from the Council Tax bands the properties are in, send:\n\n- the addresses of the properties\n\n- the sale prices\n\n- the dates the properties were sold\n\nIf your property is in England, you\u2019ll also need to send proof of the sale prices, such as:\n\n- a letter from a solicitor\n\n- the contract for the sale\n\nDo not send data about average house prices in your area from websites such as Nationwide House Price Index, Nethouseprices, Rightmove or Zoopla.\n\n## After you make a challenge\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision from the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) within 4 months. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- change your Council Tax band - your local council will revise your bill and adjust your payments\n\n- tell you why your band cannot be changed\n\n## If you disagree with the VOA\u2019s decision\n\nIn England, if you make a formal challenge and disagree with the VOA\u2019s decision, you can appeal to the Valuation Tribunal.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Wales, send it to the Welsh Tribunal.\n\nThe Valuation Tribunal is independent of the VOA. It\u2019s free, but you have to pay your own costs.\n\nYou must appeal within 3 months of getting the VOA\u2019s decision. You may be able to get the time limit extended if you cannot apply in time.\n\nIf the tribunal agrees with you, the VOA will change your band and the council will update your bill.\n\n## Get help\n\nThe Valuation Tribunal has guidance on:\n\n- what you need to do for the hearing\n\n- preparing for the hearing\n\nYou can also contact the tribunal for help.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-council-tax-band", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been paying Council Tax on my house for over 7 years now. When I started my house was located in a semi-rural area, but then nearby city has been expanding rapidly and that is no longer the case. Around 3 months ago an ASDA supermarket was opened close to my house.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible to challenge my band under these circumstances?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1420", + "question": "Scenario: Me and my son recently challenged my Council Tax band after he informed me that the property and its surroundings has changed enough for us to challenge the band. I let him help me with the process and now we are waiting no the results. He was not sure about some details surrounding the process.\n\nQuestion: Do I stop paying the current Council Tax band while the challenge is in action?\n\nDocument - Challenge your Council Tax band:\n## Challenging your band\n\nCouncil Tax bands are based on how much a property was worth on:\n\n- 1 April 1991, for England and Scotland\n\n- 1 April 2003, for Wales\n\nYou might be able to challenge your Council Tax band if you have evidence that suggests the band is wrong.\n\n## When you can challenge your band\n\nYou can challenge your band if you have been paying Council Tax on your property for less than 6 months.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been paying Council Tax on your property for more than 6 months you can only challenge your band in specific circumstances. These include if:\n\n- your property has changed - for example, it\u2019s been demolished, split into multiple properties or merged into one\n\n- your property\u2019s use has changed - for example, part of your property is now used for business\n\n- your local area has changed - for example, a new supermarket has been built\n\n## Before you challenge your band\n\nContact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) to explain why you think your band is wrong. You must be able to provide evidence that supports your opinion. The VOA may be able to review and change your band without you needing to challenge it.\n\nThere\u2019s currently a reduced telephone service because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Only contact the VOA by telephone if you cannot email them.\n\n## How to challenge your band\n\nIf the VOA has reviewed your band and you do not agree with their decision, you can then formally challenge your band.\n\n- Find your property\u2019s Council Tax band on the valuation list.\n\n- Select your property. From \u2018Council Tax band details\u2019 choose \u2018Do you think this Council Tax band is wrong?\u2019\n\n- From \u2018If you think your Council Tax band is wrong\u2019 choose \u2018Check if you can formally challenge your Council Tax band\u2019.\n\n- Answer the questions on the checklist to find out if you can make a challenge.\n\n- Select \u2018Make a formal challenge against your Council Tax band online\u2019 to fill in the challenge form.\n\n- Provide evidence that supports your challenge in the \u2018Formal challenge details\u2019 section.\n\nYou must continue paying your Council Tax while the challenge is happening.\n\nYou can also appoint someone else to challenge on your behalf.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland use the Scottish Assessors website to check your Council Tax band, then follow the link \u2018Make a proposal\u2019.\n\n## Evidence that supports your challenge\n\nYou must send evidence that your council tax band is wrong to the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you\u2019re in England or Wales.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland, use the Scottish Assessors website to check what evidence you need.\n\n## Evidence you can send\n\nSend the addresses of up to 5 similar properties in a lower Council Tax band than yours.\n\nThey must be the same as your property in:\n\n- age\n\n- style and design\n\n- size (the VOA will also consider properties that are larger than yours)\n\n- type (for example, they must be semi-detached houses if you live in a semi-detached house)\n\nThey must also be either:\n\n- in the same street or estate - if you live in a town or city\n\n- in the same village - if you live in the countryside\n\n## Evidence from house prices\n\nYou can also use the price that your property or similar properties sold for as evidence, if the sales were between:\n\n- 1 April 1989 and 31 March 1993 - if your property is in England\n\n- 1 April 2001 and 31 March 2005 - if your property is in Wales\n\nYou can look up property sale prices online from 1995 onwards.\n\nCompare the sale prices to what the properties were valued at:\n\n| Council Tax band | Properties is in England - value in April 1991 | Properties in Wales - value in April 2003 |\n\n| A | Up to \u00a340,000 | Up to \u00a344,000 |\n\n| B | More than \u00a340,000 and up to \u00a352,000 | More than \u00a344,000 and up to \u00a365,000 |\n\n| C | More than \u00a352,000 and up to \u00a368,000 | More than \u00a365,000 and up to \u00a391,000 |\n\n| D | More than \u00a368,000 and up to \u00a388,000 | More than \u00a391,000 and up to \u00a3123,000 |\n\n| E | More than \u00a388,000 and up to \u00a3120,000 | More than \u00a3123,000 and up to \u00a3162,000 |\n\n| F | More than \u00a3120,000 and up to \u00a3160,000 | More than \u00a3162,000 and up to \u00a3223,000 |\n\n| G | More than \u00a3160,000 and up to \u00a3320,000 | More than \u00a3223,000 and up to \u00a3324,000 |\n\n| H | More than \u00a3320,000 | More than \u00a3324,000 and up to \u00a3424,000 |\n\n| I | - | More than \u00a3424,000 |\n\nIf the sale prices are different from the Council Tax bands the properties are in, send:\n\n- the addresses of the properties\n\n- the sale prices\n\n- the dates the properties were sold\n\nIf your property is in England, you\u2019ll also need to send proof of the sale prices, such as:\n\n- a letter from a solicitor\n\n- the contract for the sale\n\nDo not send data about average house prices in your area from websites such as Nationwide House Price Index, Nethouseprices, Rightmove or Zoopla.\n\n## After you make a challenge\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision from the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) within 4 months. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- change your Council Tax band - your local council will revise your bill and adjust your payments\n\n- tell you why your band cannot be changed\n\n## If you disagree with the VOA\u2019s decision\n\nIn England, if you make a formal challenge and disagree with the VOA\u2019s decision, you can appeal to the Valuation Tribunal.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Wales, send it to the Welsh Tribunal.\n\nThe Valuation Tribunal is independent of the VOA. It\u2019s free, but you have to pay your own costs.\n\nYou must appeal within 3 months of getting the VOA\u2019s decision. You may be able to get the time limit extended if you cannot apply in time.\n\nIf the tribunal agrees with you, the VOA will change your band and the council will update your bill.\n\n## Get help\n\nThe Valuation Tribunal has guidance on:\n\n- what you need to do for the hearing\n\n- preparing for the hearing\n\nYou can also contact the tribunal for help.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/challenge-council-tax-band", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Me and my son recently challenged my Council Tax band after he informed me that the property and its surroundings has changed enough for us to challenge the band. I let him help me with the process and now we are waiting no the results. He was not sure about some details surrounding the process.", + "original_question": "Do I stop paying the current Council Tax band while the challenge is in action?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1422", + "question": "Scenario: I have had seven jobs throughout my working life of 25 years. Each one had a different pension scheme.\n\nQuestion: Can I take the money from each scheme and invest them for my retirement?\n\nDocument - Transferring your pension:\n## Overview\n\nYou may want to move some or all of your pension fund (sometimes called a \u2018pension pot\u2019) if:\n\n- you\u2019re changing job\n\n- your pension scheme is being closed or wound up\n\n- you want to transfer to a better pension scheme\n\n- you have pensions from more than one employer and want to bring them together\n\n- you\u2019re moving overseas and want to move your pension to a scheme in that country\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nYou can get free, impartial information about transferring your pension from:\n\n- the Money Advice Service\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\nYou can also get impartial advice about workplace pensions from an independent financial adviser. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for the advice.\n\n## If you\u2019re concerned about a pension scam\n\nContact Action Fraud if you\u2019re transferring a pension and are concerned about a scam.\n\nYou can also report a pension scam online to Action Fraud.\n\n## Transferring to a UK pension scheme\n\nYou can transfer your UK pension pot to another registered UK pension scheme.\n\nYou can also use it to buy a \u2018deferred annuity contract\u2019 - an agreement that gives you a guaranteed income in the future.\n\nTransferring your pension pot anywhere else - or taking it as an unauthorised lump sum - will be an \u2018unauthorised payment\u2019 and you\u2019ll have to pay tax on the transfer.\n\n## Before you make a transfer\n\nContact your current pension provider and the provider you want to transfer to. You\u2019ll need to check if:\n\n- your existing pension scheme allows you to transfer some or all of your pension pot\n\n- the scheme that you wish to transfer into will accept the transfer\n\nGet help and advice including if you\u2019re concerned about a pension scam.\n\nIf you transfer your pension, you may:\n\n- have to make payments to the new scheme\n\n- have to pay a fee to make the transfer\n\n- lose any right you had to take your pension at a certain age\n\n- lose any fixed or enhanced protection you have when you transfer\n\n- lose any right you had to take a tax free lump sum of more than 25% of your pension pot\n\nYour pension providers can tell you whether any of these will apply.\n\n## Transferring to an overseas pension scheme\n\nYou may be able to transfer your UK pension savings to an overseas pension scheme.\n\nGet help and advice including if you\u2019re concerned about a pension scam.\n\n## Schemes you can transfer to\n\nThe overseas scheme you want to transfer your pension savings to must be a \u2018qualifying recognised overseas pension scheme\u2019 (QROPS). It\u2019s up to you to check this with the overseas scheme or your UK pension provider or adviser.\n\nIf it\u2019s not a QROPS, your UK pension scheme may refuse to make the transfer, or you\u2019ll have to pay at least 40% tax on the transfer.\n\n## Tax when you transfer to a QROPS\n\nWhether you pay tax depends on where the QROPS you transfer to is based. It\u2019s your responsibility to find out where this is.\n\nYou do not have to pay any tax if you asked for a transfer to a QROPS before 9 March 2017.\n\nYou usually do not pay tax if you transfer to a QROPS provided by your employer. Check with the scheme to find out.\n\n## You transfer to a QROPS based in the European Economic Area (EEA) or Gibraltar\n\nYou pay 25% tax if you either:\n\n- live outside the UK, Gibraltar or the EEA\n\n- move to live outside the UK, Gibraltar or the EEA within 5 years\n\nOtherwise you do not pay tax.\n\nYou can get tax refunded if you move to the UK, Gibraltar or an EEA country within 5 years of the transfer. To claim, tell your UK scheme\u2019s administrator and your overseas scheme manager you\u2019ve moved using form APSS 241. They\u2019ll put the tax refund back into the pension it was taken from.\n\n## You transfer to a QROPS based outside the UK, Gibraltar or the EEA\n\nYou do not have to pay tax if you live in the country your QROPS is based in. Otherwise you\u2019ll have to pay 25% tax.\n\nIf you move countries within 5 years of the transfer, fill in form APSS 241 and give it to your scheme administrator. You\u2019ll:\n\n- get a refund if you\u2019ve moved to the country your QROPS is based in\n\n- have to pay 25% tax on your transfer if you\u2019ve moved away from the country your QROPS is based in\n\n## How to transfer\n\nForm APSS 263 tells you what information you\u2019ll need to provide before making a transfer.\n\nDownload and fill in the form and give it to your UK pension scheme administrator.\n\nYour transfer will be taxed at 25% if you do not provide all the information the form asks for within 60 days of requesting the transfer.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 75, your UK pension scheme administrator will work out what percentage of your lifetime allowance is used by the transfer.\n\nThey\u2019ll tell you if the amount you\u2019re transferring is more than your allowance and if you\u2019ll be taxed on it.\n\n## Payments from an overseas pension\n\nYou may have to pay UK tax on some payments from your overseas scheme. This depends on when you were a UK resident.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transferring-your-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have had seven jobs throughout my working life of 25 years. Each one had a different pension scheme.", + "original_question": "Can I take the money from each scheme and invest them for my retirement?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1429", + "question": "Scenario: i have a disability that makes it hard to get around. i have made a booking to take the life in the uk test at a local test centre.\n\nQuestion: Are rules the same to those with disabilities who want to take the test ?\n\nDocument - Life in the UK Test:\n## Book the Life in the UK Test\n\nThis is the only official government service for booking the Life in the UK Test. You need to take the test as part of your application for British citizenship or settlement in the UK.\n\nYou must book your Life in the UK Test online at least 3 days in advance. It costs \u00a350.\n\nThere are over 30 test centres in the UK. You can choose where to take your test when you book.\n\n## Prepare for the test\n\nYou\u2019ll be tested on information in the official handbook for the Life in the UK Test. You should study it to prepare for the test. The handbook is available as a book, an eBook, an e-Learning subscription or in audio formats.\n\nYou\u2019ll have 45 minutes to answer 24 questions about British traditions and customs.\n\n## Book the test\n\nYou need all of the following to book a test:\n\n- email address\n\n- debit or credit card\n\n- an accepted form of ID\n\nStart now\n\n## Accepted forms of ID\n\nYou can use one of the following as ID to book the test:\n\n- valid passport\n\n- valid travel document with a photo (you cannot use an emergency travel document)\n\n- biometric residence permit\n\n- biometric residence card\n\nCheck the \u2018Identification requirements\u2019 document to make sure the ID you have is acceptable.\n\nEmail nationalityenquiries@homeoffice.gov.uk for help if you do not have any of these documents.\n\nThe name you give on your test booking must be an exact match with the name on the ID you use to book the test.\n\nIf you have a previous gender (including a different name) that you do not want the test centre staff to see or for it to show on your test result, email\u00a0sensitivebookings@homeoffice.gov.uk\u00a0before booking your test. They\u2019ll tell you what you need to do.\n\n## If you have a disability\n\nYou can make special requests when you book your test, for example if you have a disability and need extra equipment or help accessing the centre.\n\n## Get help\n\nContact the Life in the UK Test Helpline if you need help with your booking.\n\n## When you do not need to take the test\n\nYou do not need to take the test if you:\n\n- are under 18\n\n- are 65 or over\n\n- have passed it before - for example, if you\u2019re applying to become a citizen and already passed it as part of your settlement application\n\n- have a long-term physical or mental condition - you must provide either a form or letter from a doctor confirming your physical or mental condition\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU citizen and you were living in the UK by 31 December 2020, you can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme to continue living here after 30 June 2021. If you want to move to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa.\n\n## What happens at the test\n\nYou have 45 minutes to answer 24 questions based on the Life in the UK handbook.\n\nYou cannot bring children or other family members with you to the centre.\n\n## What to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring the same ID that you used to book the test. Your photo will also be taken on the day to confirm your ID.\n\nYou will not be able to take the test and you will not get a refund if you do not bring the correct ID or if you refuse to have your photo taken.\n\n## If you pass the test\n\nYou must score 75% or more to pass the test.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018unique reference number\u2019. You\u2019ll need this number to complete your citizenship or settlement application. The Home Office will use it to check that you\u2019ve passed.\n\nIf you took your test before 17 December 2019, you\u2019ll have a letter with a \u2018test reference ID\u2019 instead of a unique reference number.\n\nIf you have lost your letter, send a letter explaining that you have lost it with your citizenship or settlement application.\n\n## If you fail the test\n\nYou must wait 7 days before taking the test again, but you can take the test as many times as you need to. You need to book and pay again each time.\n\n## Cancellations, refunds and complaints\n\nYou must cancel your test if you cannot make it.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a refund if you cancel your test at least 3 days (72 hours) before you\u2019re due to take the test. You will not get a refund if you cancel or rearrange within 3 days of your test.\n\n## How to cancel\n\n- Sign into your Life in the UK account.\n\n- Select \u2018Confirmed tests\u2019.\n\n- Select \u2018Cancel tests\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for a refund due to cancellation, the \u00a350 fee will be refunded to the card you used to book the test - you do not need to contact UK Visas and Immigration.\n\nYou can then book a test on another date.\n\n## Ask for a refund\n\nYou can ask for a refund if the test centre cancels the test.\n\nYou cannot ask for a refund for any other reason, for example if you brought the wrong ID, you were ill, you were late, you did not bring the right documents or you refused to have your photo taken.\n\nYou must ask for a refund within 3 months of the test date. The fee will be refunded to the card you used to book the test.\n\nContact PSI to ask for a refund.\n\nOr write to PSI e-Assessments.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nContact PSI to make a complaint.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a response within 10 working days.\n\nYou must make your complaint within 3 months of the test date.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/life-in-the-uk-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "i have a disability that makes it hard to get around. i have made a booking to take the life in the uk test at a local test centre.", + "original_question": "Are rules the same to those with disabilities who want to take the test ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1433", + "question": "Scenario: I am a school headteacher and in June last year we witnessed a lot of floods due to heavy rainfalls which destroyed part of our buildings. We need to be prepared for future catastrophes.\n\nQuestion: Is there a template of a flood plan i can follow to prepare?\n\nDocument - Prepare for flooding:\n## If you\u2019re about to be flooded\n\nCheck the National Flood Forum or speak to a Floodline adviser to find out how to stay safe during a flood.\n\nYou can check if there\u2019s currently a flood warning in your area.\n\n## Sandbags\n\nContact your local council to find out where to get sandbags. You can also get them from some DIY or building supplies shops.\n\n## If you need to travel\n\nCheck flood warnings and road travel information.\n\n## Protect yourself from future flooding\n\nPlan how you\u2019ll respond to a flood. Use a template to make a:\n\n- personal flood plan\n\n- community or group flood plan - if you\u2019re responsible for an organisation such as a school, hospital, care home or community group\n\n- business flood plan\n\n## Protect your property\n\nYou can:\n\n- get advice from the National Flood Forum about how to protect your property and how much this will cost\n\n- find flood protection products and services at Blue Pages\n\nYou may need permission to do work that will affect the flow of a river or divert flood water.\n\n## If you own a riverside property\n\nIf you own property next to a watercourse, for example a river, culvert, brook or mill stream, you must:\n\n- maintain river beds and banks\n\n- not obstruct the water flow\n\nRead guidance on the rights and responsibilities of owning a riverside property.\n\nContact the Environment Agency if you have questions about your responsibilities.\n\n## If your property\u2019s next to a canal\n\nContact the Canal and River Trust to check who\u2019s responsible for maintaining the canal.\n\n## If you have a disability or need extra help\n\nAsk your council if you can be put on a list to get extra help during a flood.\n\nCitizens Advice can help make sure you\u2019ll get support if your energy supply is affected.\n\nAsk Floodline to send flood warnings to a friend or relative on your behalf.\n\n## Get insurance\n\nYou can:\n\n- find lower-cost home insurance through Flood Re if you\u2019re in a flood-risk area\n\n- get insurance advice from the National Flood Forum\n\n- find a broker that specialises in properties that are difficult to insure\n\n## Get evidence of flood risk\n\nContact the Environment Agency if your insurer asks for evidence of your flood risk.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter within 20 days. It\u2019s free for individuals and businesses.\n\n## If you\u2019ve done work on your property\n\nYou or a surveyor can complete a Flood Risk Report. This will tell insurers or buyers how the work has reduced the flood risk.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/prepare-for-flooding", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a school headteacher and in June last year we witnessed a lot of floods due to heavy rainfalls which destroyed part of our buildings. We need to be prepared for future catastrophes.", + "original_question": "Is there a template of a flood plan i can follow to prepare?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1438", + "question": "Scenario: I am a refugee coming to the UK on a refugee visa. When I arrived at UK boarder control, I was informed that my visa had been cancelled. I have nowhere to go and am not allowed to stay in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Can I appeal the visa cancellation?\n\nDocument - Ask for a visa administrative review:\n## If you're outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your application refusal letter if you can ask for the decision on your visa application to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.\n\nYou can only ask for an administrative review if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- you applied outside the UK\n\n- your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015\n\n- you do not have a right of appeal against the refusal\n\n- you did not make an application as a short term student or a visitor (except if you applied as an S2 Healthcare Visitor)\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to ask for an administrative review if you applied:\n\n- to the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- as a Frontier Worker\n\n- as an S2 Healthcare Visitor\n\n- as a Service Provider from Switzerland\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply for an administrative review within 28 days of getting the decision. It costs \u00a380.\n\nYou can apply online.\n\nThe decision will be checked for the errors you point out.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 calendar days.\n\nYou cannot request a second review (unless the result of the first review found new reasons why you were refused).\n\n## Withdraw your request\n\nYour request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you make any other immigration or visa application.\n\nYour request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.\n\nYou can email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.\n\nYou must include your name, date of birth, nationality and your Global Web Form (GWF) reference number.\n\nYour GWF reference number was given to you when you first applied. You can find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## If you're in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your application refusal letter if you can ask for the decision on your visa application to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.\n\nYou can ask for your application to be reviewed if one of the following apply:\n\n- your application was refused\n\n- your application was granted but you\u2019re unhappy with the amount or conditions of your leave\n\nThis is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to appeal if you\u2019re not eligible for an administrative review.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to ask for an administrative review if you applied:\n\n- to the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- as a Frontier Worker\n\n- as an S2 Healthcare Visitor\n\n- as a Service Provider from Switzerland\n\n## Apply for administrative review\n\nIf your application was refused, you must apply for an administrative review within 14 days of getting the decision.\n\nYour refusal letter will tell you how to apply. You may be able to apply online. It costs \u00a380.\n\nYou must apply within 7 days if you\u2019ve been detained.\n\nIf your application was granted but you\u2019re unhappy with the amount or conditions of your leave, you must email the Home Office within 14 days of getting your biometric residence permit.\n\nContact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if you have a general enquiry about immigration.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nThe decision will be checked for the errors you point out. Do not send new information or documents for review unless you\u2019ve been asked to.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 days. You cannot request a second review (unless the result included new reasons why you were refused).\n\nIf your visa\u2019s expired, you will not usually be removed from the UK until your review has been completed.\n\n## Withdraw your request\n\nYour request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you:\n\n- make any other immigration or visa application\n\n- ask for your passport back so you can travel\n\n- leave the UK\n\nYour request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.\n\nYou can also email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.\n\nYou must include your name, date of birth, nationality and either your administrative review payment reference number or Home Office reference number in your email.\n\n## If your visa was cancelled at the border\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your decision letter if you can ask for the decision to cancel your visa to be reviewed. This is known as an \u2018administrative review\u2019.\n\nYou can ask for the decision to be reviewed if your visa was cancelled for one or more of the following reasons:\n\n- there has been a change in your circumstances\n\n- you gave false information\n\n- you failed to include relevant facts\n\n## Apply for administrative review\n\nYour letter will tell you how to apply. It costs \u00a380.\n\n## If you were given temporary admission to the UK\n\nYou must apply for an administrative review within 14 days of your visa being cancelled or 7 days if you are detained. You need to do this from the UK.\n\n## If your visa was cancelled at border controls outside the UK\n\nYou must apply for an administrative review within 28 days of your visa being cancelled in any of the following cities:\n\n- Paris\n\n- Brussels\n\n- Dunkirk\n\n- Coquelles\n\n- Calais\n\n- Lille\n\n## Get a decision\n\nThe decision will be checked for the errors you point out. Do not send new information or documents unless you\u2019ve been asked to.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually receive the result of the administrative review within 28 days. You cannot request a second review (unless the result included new reasons for the cancellation of your leave).\n\nIf you\u2019re in the UK, you will not usually be removed until your review has been completed.\n\n## Withdraw your request\n\nYour request for an administrative review will be withdrawn (cancelled) if you:\n\n- make any other immigration or visa application\n\n- ask for your passport back so you can travel\n\n- leave the UK\n\nYour request will be rejected if you ask for a review of a previous decision after submitting a new application.\n\nYou can also email the Home Office and ask for your request to be withdrawn.\n\nYou must include your name, date of birth, nationality and either your administrative review payment reference number or Home Office reference number in your email.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/ask-for-a-visa-administrative-review", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a refugee coming to the UK on a refugee visa. When I arrived at UK boarder control, I was informed that my visa had been cancelled. I have nowhere to go and am not allowed to stay in the UK.", + "original_question": "Can I appeal the visa cancellation?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1443", + "question": "Scenario: My name is Valentine. I was trafficked by a gang and held against my will in a seedy brothel and used as a sex slave.All I want is to return to my family in Albania.\n\nQuestion: As i have no money or passport, can i get assistance?\n\nDocument - Get help to return home if you\u2019re a migrant in the UK:\n## Overview\n\nYou can get help to return to your home country. This is known as \u2018voluntary return\u2019.\n\nIf you are eligible, the voluntary returns service can:\n\n- explain your options for returning home\n\n- help you get travel documents, such as a passport\n\n- pay for travel tickets, if you are unable to\n\nYou can still get help if you\u2019re already making your own plans to return to your home country.\n\nYou may also be eligible to apply for financial support of up to \u00a33,000, which you can use to find somewhere to live, find a job or start a business in your home country.\n\n## Who can get help\n\nYou can usually apply for help to return home (\u2018voluntary return\u2019) if any of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re in the UK illegally or have overstayed your visa or permission to stay\n\n- you\u2019ve withdrawn, or want to withdraw, your application to stay in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve made a claim for asylum in the UK\n\n- you have a letter from UK Visas and Immigration confirming you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery\n\n## When you cannot apply\n\nYou cannot apply for voluntary return if you:\n\n- are currently being investigated by the police or detained by the Home Office\n\n- have been given a prison sentence that\u2019s 12 months or longer\n\n- have been convicted of an immigration offence and given a deportation order\n\n- have already been given humanitarian protection, indefinite leave to remain or refugee status in the UK\n\n- have a Service Providers from Switzerland visa\n\n- have a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- have an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nYou cannot apply for voluntary return if you either:\n\n- applied for, or have, settled or pre-settled status under the EU settlement scheme - even if you withdraw your application\n\n- started living in the UK before 1 January 2021 and meet the \u2018right to reside\u2019 criteria\n\n## Who can get financial support\n\nThe voluntary returns service can provide up to \u00a33,000 in financial support to help you after you leave the UK. If you are eligible, you will receive a single payment on a card before you leave the UK. You can only use the card in your home country.\n\nYou can apply for financial support if any of the following are true:\n\n- you are returning to a \u2018developing country\u2019, as defined by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)\n\n- your claim for asylum in the UK has been refused\n\n- you have a letter from UK Visas and Immigration confirming you\u2019re a victim of modern slavery\n\n- you\u2019re part of a family group that will travel together, including someone under 18 years old\n\n- you\u2019re under 18 and travelling alone\n\n- you\u2019re under 21 and a care leaver\n\n- you\u2019re sleeping rough\n\n- you need more help with your return - for example, because you have a medical condition\n\nContact the voluntary returns service if you\u2019re not sure whether or not you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How to apply\n\nTo apply online for help to return to your home country you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your address in the UK\n\n- an email address\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019ve booked a flight to leave the UK in the next 7 days.\n\nApply for help online to return to your home country.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have access to the internet or a device\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## If you cannot apply online\n\nContact the voluntary returns service.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Home Office will contact you within 3 days to let you know they\u2019ve received your application.\n\nYou might need to provide further information to support your application. Your application can be cancelled if you do not do this.\n\nIf your passport or travel document is being held by the Home Office, it will be returned to you at the airport when you leave the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/return-home-voluntarily", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My name is Valentine. I was trafficked by a gang and held against my will in a seedy brothel and used as a sex slave.All I want is to return to my family in Albania.", + "original_question": "As i have no money or passport, can i get assistance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1445", + "question": "Scenario: I am self-employed and have a business registered as a sole trader. I am new to the construction business and am finding it difficult to register for the Construction Industry Scheme.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for the scheme online as a sole trader?\n\nDocument - What you must do as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) subcontractor:\n## Overview\n\nYou should register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if you work for a contractor and you\u2019re one of the following:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- the owner of a limited company\n\n- a partner in a partnership or trust\n\nUnder CIS, a contractor must deduct 20% from your payments and pass it to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nThese deductions count as advance payments towards your tax and National Insurance bill.\n\nIf you do not register for the scheme, contractors must deduct 30% from your payments instead.\n\n## If you do not want deductions made\n\nIf you do not want deductions to be made in advance by contractors, you can apply for \u2018gross payment status\u2019. You can do this when you register for CIS.\n\nYou do not need to register for CIS if you\u2019re an employee. Check your employment status if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## How to register\n\nTo register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your legal business name - you can also give a trading name if it\u2019s different to your business name\n\n- your National Insurance Number\n\n- the unique taxpayer reference number (UTR) for your business\n\n- your VAT registration number (if you\u2019re VAT registered)\n\nIf you\u2019re a subcontractor and a contractor (you pay subcontractors to do construction work), you\u2019ll need to register for CIS as both.\n\n## Register as a sole trader\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader and you already have a UTR, you can register for CIS online. You\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for Self Assessment (or another government service).\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status at the same time.\n\nIf you do not have a UTR, register as a new business for Self Assessment and choose \u2018working as a subcontractor\u2019 when prompted. You\u2019ll be registered for Self Assessment and CIS at the same time.\n\nYou can also call the CIS helpline to register.\n\n## Register as another type of business\n\nFill in the online form for limited companies or the online form for partnerships.\n\nHMRC will register the partnership separately to your sole trader registration. They will need the partnership UTR and trading name.\n\n## You are based abroad\n\nYou should still register for CIS if you are a subcontractor based abroad but do construction work in the UK.\n\n## Help and support\n\nCall the CIS helpline for help with registering.\n\nYou can also sign up for webinars and emails or watch videos from HMRC about CIS.\n\n## Get paid\n\nTo be paid correctly by a contractor, make sure you give them the exact same legal business name or trading name you gave when you registered for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS). You should also give them your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) so they can verify you.\n\nIf you do not, this could affect how much you get paid.\n\n## Deduction rates\n\nWhen a contractor pays you under CIS, they\u2019ll normally make deductions at the standard rate of 20%.\n\nContractors will make deductions at a higher rate of 30% if:\n\n- you are not registered for CIS\n\n- they cannot verify you\n\n- you give the wrong name for your business\n\nYour contractor should give you monthly statements of payments and deductions. Use them to calculate whether you still owe tax and National Insurance to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or are due a refund.\n\n## Gross payment status\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS. This means the contractor will not make deductions from your payments and you\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.\n\n## What does not count as your pay\n\nContractors will not make a deduction from amounts you charge on your invoice for:\n\n- VAT\n\n- materials that you have paid for directly\n\n- equipment which is now unusable (\u2018consumable stores\u2019)\n\n- plant hired for the job\n\n- manufacturing or prefabricating materials\n\n## Pay tax and claim back deductions\n\nWhen you\u2019re registered with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you\u2019re still responsible for paying the correct tax and National Insurance for your business, even if deductions have been made by contractors throughout the year.\n\nContractors will give you a monthly statement of what they\u2019ve paid you and deductions they\u2019ve made to help with your accounting.\n\n## Sole traders and partners\n\nAt the end of the tax year, send in your Self Assessment tax return as usual. You should record:\n\n- the full amounts on your invoices as income\n\n- any deductions contractors have made in the \u2018CIS deductions\u2019 field\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out your tax and National Insurance bill and take off any deductions made by contractors.\n\nIf you still owe tax after this, you\u2019ll need to pay it by 31 January following the end of the tax year.\n\nIf you\u2019re due a tax refund, HMRC will pay the money back.\n\n## Limited companies\n\nIf you have gross payment status, declare all your income in your Corporation Tax return as usual.\n\nIf you pay CIS deductions, you must claim these back through your company\u2019s monthly payroll scheme. Do not try to claim back through your Corporation Tax return - you may get a penalty if you do.\n\n- Send your monthly Full Payment Submission (FPS) as usual to HMRC.\n\n- Also send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS). Enter the total CIS deductions for the year to date.\n\n- HMRC will take your CIS deductions off what you owe in PAYE tax and National Insurance. Pay the balance by the usual date.\n\nIf your company\u2019s PAYE bill for the period is reduced to zero and you still have some CIS deductions you have not been able to claim back, carry these forward to the next month or quarter (in the same tax year). Tell HMRC in the EPS that you have nothing to pay.\n\n## If HMRC thinks your claim is wrong\n\nHMRC may ask you to provide evidence for your CIS deductions or to change your claim.\n\nIf you do not do this by the deadline they give you, you will not be able to make any more claims in that tax year.\n\nYou can appeal HMRC\u2019s decision. They\u2019ll tell you how to do this.\n\n## Keep records\n\nYour company must keep a record of amounts claimed back against your monthly or quarterly PAYE bill.\n\nYou can use form CIS132 to do this or keep your own records.\n\n## If you paid too much in CIS deductions\n\nHMRC will pay back any deductions your company has not been able to claim back from its PAYE bill during the tax year.\n\n## If your company goes into administration\n\nIf your company goes into administration or liquidation, the person managing it should write to HMRC to ask for CIS deductions to be repaid straight away.\n\n## If you do not have all your CIS statements\n\nIf you have not received all the CIS statements you need from your contractor, you can ask them to send you replacement copies.\n\nIf the contractor you\u2019re working for stops trading and you have not been able to get all your CIS statements you should write to HMRC.\n\nInclude the following information:\n\n- your name, address and Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)\n\n- the name and address of the contractor\n\n- the contractor\u2019s tax reference - if you know it\n\n- the dates of the payments or the tax months when the contractor paid you\n\n- the reason why you do not have the statements or duplicates\n\n## How to get gross payment status\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS.\n\nThis means contractors will pay you in full, without deductions. You\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.\n\nIf you\u2019re already registered for CIS, you can apply for gross payment status by calling the CIS helpline or applying online.\n\n## Apply for gross payment status online\n\n- Sign in to Government Gateway - you\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for CIS. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you register for CIS.\n\n- From \u2018Your tax account\u2019, go to \u2018Other services\u2019.\n\n- Choose \u2018Construction Industry Scheme \u2013 Subcontractors\u2019.\n\n## To qualify\n\nYou must show HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that your business passes some tests. You\u2019ll need to show that:\n\n- you\u2019ve paid your tax and National Insurance on time in the past\n\n- your business does construction work (or provides labour for it) in the UK\n\n- your business is run through a bank account\n\nHMRC will look at your turnover for the last 12 months. Ignoring VAT and the cost of materials, your turnover must be at least:\n\n- \u00a330,000 if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- \u00a330,000 for each partner in a partnership, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole partnership\n\n- \u00a330,000 for each director of a company, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole company\n\nIf your company\u2019s controlled by 5 people or fewer, you must have an annual turnover of \u00a330,000 for each of them.\n\nYou could be fined if you provide false information or help someone else to make a false application.\n\n## Paying tax when you have gross payment status\n\nYou must declare your payments as income at the end of the tax year in:\n\n- your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner\n\n- your Corporation Tax return if you own a limited company\n\n## Annual review\n\nIf you have gross payment status, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will review your business every year, to decide if you can keep your status.\n\nYou must be on time with your tax returns and payments to keep your gross payment status.\n\nIf you run a limited company, HMRC will review the company itself, rather than individual directors or shareholders.\n\n## You do not meet all the conditions\n\nYou could fail the review and HMRC will remove your gross payment status. You\u2019ll be allowed a small amount of late payments or returns.\n\nContact HMRC if you have problems paying your tax on time. If HMRC give you more time to pay, this will not affect your gross payment status.\n\n## You fail your review\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter explaining you\u2019re about to fail the review, along with the reasons why.\n\nIf you disagree, you can write back with your reasons.\n\nIf HMRC accept your explanation, they will not remove your gross payment status.\n\nIf you do not reply to the letter or HMRC does not accept your explanation, they\u2019ll write to explain:\n\n- what conditions you have not met\n\n- that they\u2019re withdrawing your gross payment status in 90 days\n\nIf you think HMRC have made the wrong decision, you have 30 days from the date of this letter to appeal.\n\n## Reapplying for gross payment status\n\nIf HMRC cancel your gross payment status, you need to wait a year from the date of the cancellation before you can reapply.\n\n## Changes you need to report\n\nReport changes by calling the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) helpline.\n\nTell them if you:\n\n- change from a sole trader to a partnership\n\n- leave a partnership or company to become a sole trader\n\n- create a company or change your business to a company\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to register again for CIS - as you cannot transfer the registration from your old business structure.\n\nIf you have gross payment status, you\u2019ll need to apply again.\n\nYou must also tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:\n\n- change your trading name\n\n- change your business, private or registered office address\n\n- stop trading\n\n- add new shareholders - HMRC may withdraw your gross payment status if you do not tell them within 30 days\n\n## Stop trading\n\nIf your business goes into administration it can keep receiving payments for work it\u2019s done under CIS. It should be paid in the same way that it was paid normally - either gross or under deduction.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am self-employed and have a business registered as a sole trader. I am new to the construction business and am finding it difficult to register for the Construction Industry Scheme.", + "original_question": "Can I apply for the scheme online as a sole trader?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1446", + "question": "Scenario: I have been operating as a sole trader in the construction business for a few years now. Recently I have been in talks with a few other traders in the same boat as me. We have began looking into forming a partnership and working together from here on out.\n\nQuestion: Do we need to report the switch from sole traders to a partnership to the HM Revenue and Customs?\n\nDocument - What you must do as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) subcontractor:\n## Overview\n\nYou should register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if you work for a contractor and you\u2019re one of the following:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- the owner of a limited company\n\n- a partner in a partnership or trust\n\nUnder CIS, a contractor must deduct 20% from your payments and pass it to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nThese deductions count as advance payments towards your tax and National Insurance bill.\n\nIf you do not register for the scheme, contractors must deduct 30% from your payments instead.\n\n## If you do not want deductions made\n\nIf you do not want deductions to be made in advance by contractors, you can apply for \u2018gross payment status\u2019. You can do this when you register for CIS.\n\nYou do not need to register for CIS if you\u2019re an employee. Check your employment status if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## How to register\n\nTo register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your legal business name - you can also give a trading name if it\u2019s different to your business name\n\n- your National Insurance Number\n\n- the unique taxpayer reference number (UTR) for your business\n\n- your VAT registration number (if you\u2019re VAT registered)\n\nIf you\u2019re a subcontractor and a contractor (you pay subcontractors to do construction work), you\u2019ll need to register for CIS as both.\n\n## Register as a sole trader\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader and you already have a UTR, you can register for CIS online. You\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for Self Assessment (or another government service).\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status at the same time.\n\nIf you do not have a UTR, register as a new business for Self Assessment and choose \u2018working as a subcontractor\u2019 when prompted. You\u2019ll be registered for Self Assessment and CIS at the same time.\n\nYou can also call the CIS helpline to register.\n\n## Register as another type of business\n\nFill in the online form for limited companies or the online form for partnerships.\n\nHMRC will register the partnership separately to your sole trader registration. They will need the partnership UTR and trading name.\n\n## You are based abroad\n\nYou should still register for CIS if you are a subcontractor based abroad but do construction work in the UK.\n\n## Help and support\n\nCall the CIS helpline for help with registering.\n\nYou can also sign up for webinars and emails or watch videos from HMRC about CIS.\n\n## Get paid\n\nTo be paid correctly by a contractor, make sure you give them the exact same legal business name or trading name you gave when you registered for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS). You should also give them your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) so they can verify you.\n\nIf you do not, this could affect how much you get paid.\n\n## Deduction rates\n\nWhen a contractor pays you under CIS, they\u2019ll normally make deductions at the standard rate of 20%.\n\nContractors will make deductions at a higher rate of 30% if:\n\n- you are not registered for CIS\n\n- they cannot verify you\n\n- you give the wrong name for your business\n\nYour contractor should give you monthly statements of payments and deductions. Use them to calculate whether you still owe tax and National Insurance to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or are due a refund.\n\n## Gross payment status\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS. This means the contractor will not make deductions from your payments and you\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.\n\n## What does not count as your pay\n\nContractors will not make a deduction from amounts you charge on your invoice for:\n\n- VAT\n\n- materials that you have paid for directly\n\n- equipment which is now unusable (\u2018consumable stores\u2019)\n\n- plant hired for the job\n\n- manufacturing or prefabricating materials\n\n## Pay tax and claim back deductions\n\nWhen you\u2019re registered with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you\u2019re still responsible for paying the correct tax and National Insurance for your business, even if deductions have been made by contractors throughout the year.\n\nContractors will give you a monthly statement of what they\u2019ve paid you and deductions they\u2019ve made to help with your accounting.\n\n## Sole traders and partners\n\nAt the end of the tax year, send in your Self Assessment tax return as usual. You should record:\n\n- the full amounts on your invoices as income\n\n- any deductions contractors have made in the \u2018CIS deductions\u2019 field\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out your tax and National Insurance bill and take off any deductions made by contractors.\n\nIf you still owe tax after this, you\u2019ll need to pay it by 31 January following the end of the tax year.\n\nIf you\u2019re due a tax refund, HMRC will pay the money back.\n\n## Limited companies\n\nIf you have gross payment status, declare all your income in your Corporation Tax return as usual.\n\nIf you pay CIS deductions, you must claim these back through your company\u2019s monthly payroll scheme. Do not try to claim back through your Corporation Tax return - you may get a penalty if you do.\n\n- Send your monthly Full Payment Submission (FPS) as usual to HMRC.\n\n- Also send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS). Enter the total CIS deductions for the year to date.\n\n- HMRC will take your CIS deductions off what you owe in PAYE tax and National Insurance. Pay the balance by the usual date.\n\nIf your company\u2019s PAYE bill for the period is reduced to zero and you still have some CIS deductions you have not been able to claim back, carry these forward to the next month or quarter (in the same tax year). Tell HMRC in the EPS that you have nothing to pay.\n\n## If HMRC thinks your claim is wrong\n\nHMRC may ask you to provide evidence for your CIS deductions or to change your claim.\n\nIf you do not do this by the deadline they give you, you will not be able to make any more claims in that tax year.\n\nYou can appeal HMRC\u2019s decision. They\u2019ll tell you how to do this.\n\n## Keep records\n\nYour company must keep a record of amounts claimed back against your monthly or quarterly PAYE bill.\n\nYou can use form CIS132 to do this or keep your own records.\n\n## If you paid too much in CIS deductions\n\nHMRC will pay back any deductions your company has not been able to claim back from its PAYE bill during the tax year.\n\n## If your company goes into administration\n\nIf your company goes into administration or liquidation, the person managing it should write to HMRC to ask for CIS deductions to be repaid straight away.\n\n## If you do not have all your CIS statements\n\nIf you have not received all the CIS statements you need from your contractor, you can ask them to send you replacement copies.\n\nIf the contractor you\u2019re working for stops trading and you have not been able to get all your CIS statements you should write to HMRC.\n\nInclude the following information:\n\n- your name, address and Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)\n\n- the name and address of the contractor\n\n- the contractor\u2019s tax reference - if you know it\n\n- the dates of the payments or the tax months when the contractor paid you\n\n- the reason why you do not have the statements or duplicates\n\n## How to get gross payment status\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS.\n\nThis means contractors will pay you in full, without deductions. You\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.\n\nIf you\u2019re already registered for CIS, you can apply for gross payment status by calling the CIS helpline or applying online.\n\n## Apply for gross payment status online\n\n- Sign in to Government Gateway - you\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for CIS. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you register for CIS.\n\n- From \u2018Your tax account\u2019, go to \u2018Other services\u2019.\n\n- Choose \u2018Construction Industry Scheme \u2013 Subcontractors\u2019.\n\n## To qualify\n\nYou must show HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that your business passes some tests. You\u2019ll need to show that:\n\n- you\u2019ve paid your tax and National Insurance on time in the past\n\n- your business does construction work (or provides labour for it) in the UK\n\n- your business is run through a bank account\n\nHMRC will look at your turnover for the last 12 months. Ignoring VAT and the cost of materials, your turnover must be at least:\n\n- \u00a330,000 if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- \u00a330,000 for each partner in a partnership, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole partnership\n\n- \u00a330,000 for each director of a company, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole company\n\nIf your company\u2019s controlled by 5 people or fewer, you must have an annual turnover of \u00a330,000 for each of them.\n\nYou could be fined if you provide false information or help someone else to make a false application.\n\n## Paying tax when you have gross payment status\n\nYou must declare your payments as income at the end of the tax year in:\n\n- your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner\n\n- your Corporation Tax return if you own a limited company\n\n## Annual review\n\nIf you have gross payment status, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will review your business every year, to decide if you can keep your status.\n\nYou must be on time with your tax returns and payments to keep your gross payment status.\n\nIf you run a limited company, HMRC will review the company itself, rather than individual directors or shareholders.\n\n## You do not meet all the conditions\n\nYou could fail the review and HMRC will remove your gross payment status. You\u2019ll be allowed a small amount of late payments or returns.\n\nContact HMRC if you have problems paying your tax on time. If HMRC give you more time to pay, this will not affect your gross payment status.\n\n## You fail your review\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter explaining you\u2019re about to fail the review, along with the reasons why.\n\nIf you disagree, you can write back with your reasons.\n\nIf HMRC accept your explanation, they will not remove your gross payment status.\n\nIf you do not reply to the letter or HMRC does not accept your explanation, they\u2019ll write to explain:\n\n- what conditions you have not met\n\n- that they\u2019re withdrawing your gross payment status in 90 days\n\nIf you think HMRC have made the wrong decision, you have 30 days from the date of this letter to appeal.\n\n## Reapplying for gross payment status\n\nIf HMRC cancel your gross payment status, you need to wait a year from the date of the cancellation before you can reapply.\n\n## Changes you need to report\n\nReport changes by calling the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) helpline.\n\nTell them if you:\n\n- change from a sole trader to a partnership\n\n- leave a partnership or company to become a sole trader\n\n- create a company or change your business to a company\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to register again for CIS - as you cannot transfer the registration from your old business structure.\n\nIf you have gross payment status, you\u2019ll need to apply again.\n\nYou must also tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:\n\n- change your trading name\n\n- change your business, private or registered office address\n\n- stop trading\n\n- add new shareholders - HMRC may withdraw your gross payment status if you do not tell them within 30 days\n\n## Stop trading\n\nIf your business goes into administration it can keep receiving payments for work it\u2019s done under CIS. It should be paid in the same way that it was paid normally - either gross or under deduction.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been operating as a sole trader in the construction business for a few years now. Recently I have been in talks with a few other traders in the same boat as me. We have began looking into forming a partnership and working together from here on out.", + "original_question": "Do we need to report the switch from sole traders to a partnership to the HM Revenue and Customs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1448", + "question": "Scenario: I run into a lot of unexpected expenses due to the nature of my work and am not able to assess how many I am likely to get during the course of one year.\n\nQuestion: Does the irregularity of my expenses preclude me from access to this scheme?\n\nDocument - PAYE Settlement Agreements:\n## Overview\n\nA PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) allows you to make one annual payment to cover all the tax and National Insurance due on minor, irregular or impracticable expenses or benefits for your employees.\n\nIf you get a PSA for these items you will not need to:\n\n- put them through your payroll to work out tax and National Insurance\n\n- include them in your end-of-year P11D forms\n\n- pay Class 1A National Insurance on them at the end of the tax year (you pay Class 1B National Insurance as part of your PSA instead)\n\nSome employee expenses are covered by exemptions (which have replaced dispensations). This means you will not have to include them in your end-of-year reports.\n\n## What's included\n\nThe expenses or benefits you include in a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) must be minor, irregular or impracticable.\n\n## Minor\n\nExamples of minor benefits and expenses include:\n\n- incentive awards, for example for long-service\n\n- telephone bills\n\n- small gifts and vouchers\n\n- staff entertainment, for example a ticket to an event\n\n- non-business expenses while travelling overnight on business that are over the daily limit\n\nYou do not need to include trivial benefits in your PSA.\n\n## Irregular\n\nIrregular benefits and expenses are things that are not paid at regular intervals over the course of a tax year, for example weekly or monthly. They\u2019re also things that employees do not have a contractual right to. Examples of irregular expenses and benefits include:\n\n- relocation expenses over \u00a38,000 (these are tax-free below \u00a38,000)\n\n- the cost of attending overseas conferences\n\n- expenses of a spouse accompanying an employee abroad\n\n- use of a company holiday flat\n\n## Impracticable\n\nImpracticable expenses and benefits are things that are difficult to place a value on or divide up between individual employees. Examples of impracticable expenses and benefits include:\n\n- staff entertainment that is not exempt from tax or National Insurance Contributions\n\n- shared cars\n\n- personal care expenses, for example hairdressing\n\n## What\u2019s not included\n\nYou cannot include wages, high-value benefits like company cars, or cash payments such as:\n\n- bonuses\n\n- round sum allowances\n\n- beneficial loans in a PSA\n\nIf you apply after the start of the tax year, there are extra restrictions on what you can include.\n\n## How to get a PSA\n\n- Write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Business Tax and Customs describing the expenses and benefits you want the PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) to cover.\n\n- Once they\u2019ve agreed on what can be included, they\u2019ll send you 2 draft copies of form P626. Sign and return both copies. HMRC will authorise your request and send back a form - this is your PSA.\n\n- You\u2019ll need to report anything that cannot be included separately using form P11D. You do not need to send a P11D if you\u2019re paying employees\u2019 expenses and benefits through your payroll.\n\n- Use form PSA1 to help you calculate the overall amount you\u2019ll need to pay. If you do not, HMRC will calculate the amount. You\u2019ll be charged more if this happens.\n\n- Send the completed form to HMRC as soon as possible after the end of the tax year. They\u2019ll get in touch with you before 19 October following the tax year that the PSA covers to confirm the total tax and National Insurance you need to pay.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give an agent a signed letter of authority to make a PSA on your behalf if they do not have authorisation to do so.\n\nContact the HMRC employer helpline for advice on getting and calculating your PSA.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe agreement will continue until either you or HMRC cancels it or you need to change it. You do not need to renew the PSA each tax year.\n\n## Deadlines and payment\n\nThe deadline for applying for a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) is 5 July following the first tax year it applies to.\n\n## When to pay\n\nYou must pay any tax and National Insurance owed under a PSA by 22 October after the tax year the PSA applies to (19 October if you pay by post).\n\nYou may be fined or charged interest if you do not pay or your payment is late.\n\n## What to pay when the PSA is first approved\n\nIf HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) approves your PSA before the start of a tax year, you can include any expenses and benefits contained in the agreement.\n\nIf they approve it after the start of the tax year, you might need to report some items separately.\n\n## If your PSA is approved before 6 April\n\nYou must use form P11D to report expenses and benefits provided before the agreement date that you:\n\n- have already included in your employee\u2019s tax code\n\n- included (or should have included) in your employee\u2019s PAYE tax and National Insurance deductions\n\n## If your PSA is approved between 6 April and 5 July\n\nYou must use form P11D to report expenses and benefits provided during the tax year that you:\n\n- have already included in your employee\u2019s tax code\n\n- included (or should have included) in your employee\u2019s PAYE tax and National Insurance deductions\n\n## Change or cancel a PSA\n\nTo change the items covered by your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA), send details of the changes to the office that issued it. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a revised P626 that you need to sign and return.\n\n## Cancel a PSA\n\nTo cancel your PSA, fill in the return slip section of the P626 and send it to HMRC.\n\nHMRC will cancel your PSA on the date you put on the return slip.\n\nYou need to report any outstanding tax and National Insurance Contributions (NICs) due on benefits and expenses using forms P11D and PSA1.\n\nYou need to pay any outstanding tax and NICs by 22 October after the tax year the PSA applies to (19 October if you pay by post).\n\nYou need to pay any NICs owed on expenses or benefits listed on the P11D form by 22 July after the tax year it applies to (19 July if you pay by post).\n\nIf you continue providing benefits after you\u2019ve cancelled your PSA, you need to either:\n\n- report them on a P11D form\n\n- put them through payroll\n\nYou can pay any tax or NICs due via PAYE.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-settlement-agreements", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run into a lot of unexpected expenses due to the nature of my work and am not able to assess how many I am likely to get during the course of one year.", + "original_question": "Does the irregularity of my expenses preclude me from access to this scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1449", + "question": "Scenario: I lead a team that manages the property for a large UK religion that is registered as a charity. In one location, the land around our place of worship was larger than we needed, so we built two houses on the spare land. We have now sold these to private individuals.\n\nQuestion: Do we need to pay tax on the profits gained from the house sales?\n\nDocument - Charities and tax:\n## Overview\n\nAs a charity you can get certain tax reliefs. To benefit you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nCharities do not pay tax on most types of income as long as they use the money for charitable purposes.\n\nYou can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on bank interest and donations (this is known as Gift Aid).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## When you need to pay tax\n\nYour charity may need to pay tax if you\u2019ve:\n\n- received income that does not qualify for tax relief\n\n- spent any of your income on non-charitable purposes\n\nYou need to complete a tax return if your charity has tax to pay.\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) get different tax reliefs.\n\n## Tax reliefs for charities\n\nAs a charity you do not pay tax on most of your income and gains if you use it for charitable purposes - this is known as \u2018charitable expenditure\u2019.\n\nThis includes tax:\n\n- on donations\n\n- on profits from trading\n\n- on rental or investment income, for example bank interest\n\n- on profits when you sell or \u2018dispose of\u2019 an asset, like property or shares\n\n- when you buy property\n\nTo get tax relief you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) get different tax reliefs.\n\n## When you do pay tax\n\nCharities pay tax on:\n\n- dividends received from UK companies before 6 April 2016\n\n- profits from developing land or property\n\n- purchases - but there are special VAT rules for charities\n\nCharities pay business rates on non-domestic buildings, but they get an 80% discount.\n\nYou must pay tax on any money you do not use for charitable purposes. This is known as \u2018non-charitable expenditure\u2019.\n\n## Pay tax\n\nYou must complete a tax return if your charity needs to pay tax or if HMRC asks you to.\n\n## Reclaim tax\n\nYou can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on:\n\n- donations (this is known as Gift Aid)\n\n- bank interest\n\n## Get recognition for tax purposes\n\nTo get tax relief your charity must be:\n\n- based in the UK, EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Norway\n\n- established for charitable purposes only\n\n- registered with the Charity Commission or another regulator, if this applies to you\n\n- run by \u2018fit and proper persons\u2019\n\n- recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n## Apply for recognition\n\nRegister your charity\u2019s details using HMRC\u2019s online service.\n\n## Reclaim tax\n\nIf you receive income with tax deducted, for example donations you can claim Gift Aid on, you can claim it back:\n\n- online, using the Charities Online service\n\n- through software that works with Charities Online\n\n- by post, using form ChR1 - call the helpline to order it\n\n## Bank interest\n\nYou can arrange to receive interest without tax deducted. Show your bank your letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nIf tax has already been taken from your interest you can claim it back for:\n\n- the current tax year by asking your bank\n\n- previous tax years by claiming it from HMRC\n\n## Pay tax\n\nIf your charity has income that does not qualify for tax relief you must complete a tax return.\n\nIf you have no tax to pay, complete a tax return only if HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) asks you to.\n\nIf your charity\u2019s income is over \u00a310,000 you must submit an annual return to the Charity Commission.\n\n## Company Tax Returns\n\nComplete a Company Tax Return if your charity is a limited company or unincorporated association. Include the supplementary pages for charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs).\n\nA charity is a limited company if it was set up by a:\n\n- constitution\n\n- memorandum and articles of association\n\n- royal charter or Act of Parliament\n\nLimited companies must also send annual accounts to Companies House.\n\n## Trusts\n\nComplete a Trust and Estate Self Assessment tax return if your charity is a trust. A charity is a trust if it was set up by a trust deed or will.\n\n## Penalties and deadlines\n\nYou must complete a tax return when HMRC asks you to, even if no tax is due.\n\nYou may have to pay a penalty if your tax return is late or you do not complete one when you should.\n\nThe deadline depends on whether you complete a Company Tax Return or a Self Assessment tax return.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charities-and-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I lead a team that manages the property for a large UK religion that is registered as a charity. In one location, the land around our place of worship was larger than we needed, so we built two houses on the spare land. We have now sold these to private individuals.", + "original_question": "Do we need to pay tax on the profits gained from the house sales?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1451", + "question": "Scenario: Me and my business partner had a falling apart and I sold my equity in the company to him. Now he claims I owe him around \u00a36000 for merchandise that has gone missing. I am certain I have not taken anything that belongs to the company and have only collected my personal belongings.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to appear in court in order to defend and fight against the claim?\n\nDocument - Respond to a court claim for money:\n## How to respond\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or email if someone claims you owe them money. You must respond by the date on the email or letter you receive.\n\nYou can respond by:\n\n- paying the full amount\n\n- paying only what you think you owe\n\n- defending the claim (if you do not think you owe any money or you\u2019ve already paid)\n\nYou might have to pay more or get a county court judgment (CCJ) if you do not respond in time.\n\n## If you need more time to respond\n\nYou can ask for another 14 days to respond if you\u2019re defending the claim or paying only what you think you owe.\n\nDownload and fill in the acknowledgement of service form in the response pack.\n\nSend it to the court address on the claim form.\n\nThe process is different in Scotland.\n\n## Pay the full amount\n\nSend a cheque or postal order made payable to the person or business you owe money to (the \u2018claimant\u2019). Their name and address will be on the claim form.\n\nYou can also pay the claimant in person.\n\nKeep proof (for example, your bank records or a receipt from the claimant) to show you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## If you cannot afford to pay the full amount at once\n\nYou can offer to pay in instalments or by a certain date.\n\nDownload and fill in either:\n\n- form N9A if the claim is for a specified amount\n\n- form N9C if the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nYou must say how you want to pay (a certain amount per month for example) and send the completed form to the address on the claim form.\n\nIf the claimant does not accept your offer, the court will decide how you pay.\n\nYou can be taken to court and you may have to pay extra costs if you do not keep up the payments.\n\n## If the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nDownload and fill in admission form N9A. Either:\n\n- ask the court to decide how much you owe\n\n- offer to pay a certain amount\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing if you ask the court to decide or the claimant rejects your offer.\n\nThe court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already paid\n\nYou must defend the claim if you\u2019ve already paid the claimant.\n\nYou might still have to pay court fees if you paid the claimant after they made the claim.\n\n## Pay some of the money\n\nIf you do not agree with the amount on the claim form, you can apply to the court to pay only what you think you owe.\n\nYou must send the court both:\n\n- an admission form to say how much you\u2019ll pay\n\n- a defence form to explain why you do not owe the full amount\n\nRespond online if the claim was made using Money Claim Online.\n\nOtherwise, which forms you fill in will depend on whether the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) or an unspecified amount.\n\n## The claim is for a specified amount\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- admission form N9A\n\n- defence form N9B\n\n## The claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- admission form N9C\n\n- defence form N9D\n\n## If your offer is rejected\n\nThe court will decide how much you owe.\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## Defend the claim\n\nYou can defend the claim if either:\n\n- you do not think you owe the other person or business any money\n\n- you\u2019ve already paid them\n\nYou can also make a claim against them (\u2018counterclaim\u2019) if you think they owe you money. You might have to pay a court fee.\n\nDownload and fill in either:\n\n- form N9B if the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount\n\n- form N9D if the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nYou can respond online if the claim was made using an online service.\n\nThe court will decide whether you owe any money, and how much.\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## Going to a court hearing\n\nIf there\u2019s a hearing, you can:\n\n- represent yourself\n\n- pay for a barrister or solicitor to represent you\n\n- ask someone to advise you in court - they do not have to be a lawyer\n\n- ask someone to speak on your behalf - you might need to get the court\u2019s permission\n\nYour hearing can be held in the judge\u2019s room or a courtroom in a county court if the claim is for less than \u00a310,000. There might be a more formal hearing if the claim is for more.\n\nDo not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision on the day of the hearing. The court will also send you a copy of the decision by post.\n\n## Appeal the decision\n\nYou can ask to appeal the decision if you think the judge made a mistake during the hearing. You must ask within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\nFind out which court or tribunal to appeal to.\n\nContact Citizens Advice to get advice on appealing.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/respond-to-court-claim-for-money", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Me and my business partner had a falling apart and I sold my equity in the company to him. Now he claims I owe him around \u00a36000 for merchandise that has gone missing. I am certain I have not taken anything that belongs to the company and have only collected my personal belongings.", + "original_question": "Do I have to appear in court in order to defend and fight against the claim?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1452", + "question": "Scenario: I was working with an advertising company to design a new website for them. There was an error in the calculation of my hourly rates which led to them signing me on and paying me more than what I should have been payed. Even though this was a mistake on their part when drafting up my contract I still agreed to pay back the difference and keep the actual amount I was supposed to be payed. They decided to file a claim requesting the entire sum of money back. Unfortunately I am out of the country at the moment and am having a hard time responding to and dealing with the claim.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to request an extension on the time I was given to respond?\n\nDocument - Respond to a court claim for money:\n## How to respond\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or email if someone claims you owe them money. You must respond by the date on the email or letter you receive.\n\nYou can respond by:\n\n- paying the full amount\n\n- paying only what you think you owe\n\n- defending the claim (if you do not think you owe any money or you\u2019ve already paid)\n\nYou might have to pay more or get a county court judgment (CCJ) if you do not respond in time.\n\n## If you need more time to respond\n\nYou can ask for another 14 days to respond if you\u2019re defending the claim or paying only what you think you owe.\n\nDownload and fill in the acknowledgement of service form in the response pack.\n\nSend it to the court address on the claim form.\n\nThe process is different in Scotland.\n\n## Pay the full amount\n\nSend a cheque or postal order made payable to the person or business you owe money to (the \u2018claimant\u2019). Their name and address will be on the claim form.\n\nYou can also pay the claimant in person.\n\nKeep proof (for example, your bank records or a receipt from the claimant) to show you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## If you cannot afford to pay the full amount at once\n\nYou can offer to pay in instalments or by a certain date.\n\nDownload and fill in either:\n\n- form N9A if the claim is for a specified amount\n\n- form N9C if the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nYou must say how you want to pay (a certain amount per month for example) and send the completed form to the address on the claim form.\n\nIf the claimant does not accept your offer, the court will decide how you pay.\n\nYou can be taken to court and you may have to pay extra costs if you do not keep up the payments.\n\n## If the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nDownload and fill in admission form N9A. Either:\n\n- ask the court to decide how much you owe\n\n- offer to pay a certain amount\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing if you ask the court to decide or the claimant rejects your offer.\n\nThe court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already paid\n\nYou must defend the claim if you\u2019ve already paid the claimant.\n\nYou might still have to pay court fees if you paid the claimant after they made the claim.\n\n## Pay some of the money\n\nIf you do not agree with the amount on the claim form, you can apply to the court to pay only what you think you owe.\n\nYou must send the court both:\n\n- an admission form to say how much you\u2019ll pay\n\n- a defence form to explain why you do not owe the full amount\n\nRespond online if the claim was made using Money Claim Online.\n\nOtherwise, which forms you fill in will depend on whether the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) or an unspecified amount.\n\n## The claim is for a specified amount\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- admission form N9A\n\n- defence form N9B\n\n## The claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- admission form N9C\n\n- defence form N9D\n\n## If your offer is rejected\n\nThe court will decide how much you owe.\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## Defend the claim\n\nYou can defend the claim if either:\n\n- you do not think you owe the other person or business any money\n\n- you\u2019ve already paid them\n\nYou can also make a claim against them (\u2018counterclaim\u2019) if you think they owe you money. You might have to pay a court fee.\n\nDownload and fill in either:\n\n- form N9B if the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount\n\n- form N9D if the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nYou can respond online if the claim was made using an online service.\n\nThe court will decide whether you owe any money, and how much.\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## Going to a court hearing\n\nIf there\u2019s a hearing, you can:\n\n- represent yourself\n\n- pay for a barrister or solicitor to represent you\n\n- ask someone to advise you in court - they do not have to be a lawyer\n\n- ask someone to speak on your behalf - you might need to get the court\u2019s permission\n\nYour hearing can be held in the judge\u2019s room or a courtroom in a county court if the claim is for less than \u00a310,000. There might be a more formal hearing if the claim is for more.\n\nDo not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision on the day of the hearing. The court will also send you a copy of the decision by post.\n\n## Appeal the decision\n\nYou can ask to appeal the decision if you think the judge made a mistake during the hearing. You must ask within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\nFind out which court or tribunal to appeal to.\n\nContact Citizens Advice to get advice on appealing.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/respond-to-court-claim-for-money", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was working with an advertising company to design a new website for them. There was an error in the calculation of my hourly rates which led to them signing me on and paying me more than what I should have been payed. Even though this was a mistake on their part when drafting up my contract I still agreed to pay back the difference and keep the actual amount I was supposed to be payed. They decided to file a claim requesting the entire sum of money back. Unfortunately I am out of the country at the moment and am having a hard time responding to and dealing with the claim.", + "original_question": "Am I able to request an extension on the time I was given to respond?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1454", + "question": "Scenario: My Software company wants to change its share structure because the share holders are unhappy with their returns. \n\nQuestion: Would this requite a special resolution with an overwhelming majority to pass?\n\nDocument - Make changes to your private limited company:\n## Overview\n\nYou must tell Companies House if you change your company\u2019s:\n\n- name\n\n- address\n\n- directors and company secretaries, including changes to their details\n\n- type, for example becoming a public limited company or unlimited company\n\n- share, for example issuing new shares or changing your share structure\n\n- constitution and articles of association - how your company is run\n\n- mortgages and loan guarantees (sometimes called \u2018charges\u2019), for example if the company takes out a secured loan\n\nYou may need your company\u2019s agreement before you can make some changes.\n\nYou may also need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about company changes.\n\n## When to tell Companies House\n\nYou must tell Companies House within 14 days if you make changes to:\n\n- where you keep your company records\n\n- your directors, or their personal details change, for example their address\n\n- company secretaries\n\nYou must tell Companies House within 15 days if you make changes to your constitution or articles of association.\n\nYou must tell Companies House within a month if you issue more shares in your company.\n\nYou must tell Companies House all other changes within 21 days.\n\n## How to tell Companies House\n\nYou can either:\n\n- use the Companies House online service if it\u2019s available for the change you need to make\n\n- download and fill in paper forms\n\n## Get agreement from your company\n\nYou usually need to get directors or entitled shareholders to vote (known as \u2018passing a resolution\u2019) on whether or not to make some changes.\n\nThings that usually need a resolution include:\n\n- changing your company name\n\n- removing a director\n\n- changing your company\u2019s constitution and articles of association - how your company is run\n\n- changing your company\u2019s share structure\n\nMost resolutions simply need more shareholders to agree than disagree (called an \u2018ordinary resolution\u2019). They may be simply done by a show of hands at a meeting. Ordinary resolutions are used for most routine changes, for example, increasing a company\u2019s share capital.\n\nSome decisions, for example changing your articles, might require a 75% or even 95% majority (called a \u2018special resolution\u2019 or \u2018extraordinary resolution\u2019).\n\nYour company articles will usually tell you if you need a resolution, and what type it should be.\n\nYou must let your shareholders (and auditors if relevant) know when there\u2019s going to be a vote on a resolution.\n\nYou must file special or extraordinary resolutions with Companies House within 15 days of passing them.\n\n## Shareholder voting for special and extraordinary resolutions\n\nWhen you\u2019re working out the majority in special or extraordinary resolutions you count the number of shares that give the owner the right to vote, rather than the number of shareholders.\n\n## How to hold a resolution\n\nYou do not always need to have a meeting to pass a resolution. If enough shareholders or directors have told you they agree, you can usually confirm the resolution in writing.\n\nYou must write to all shareholders letting them know about the outcome of a resolution.\n\n## Company name\n\nA company can change its name either by:\n\n- a special resolution\n\n- permission given in the company\u2019s articles of association\n\nYour new name must follow all the rules for company names.\n\nYour company name will not officially change until Companies House registers it.\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can use the Companies House online service to file changes of name by special resolution only.\n\nIt costs \u00a38 to file, or \u00a330 for the same-day service.\n\n## Register by post\n\n## If you\u2019re applying by special resolution\n\nDownload and fill in form NM01.\n\nYou must attach a copy of your resolution with your application.\n\nSend your form and a cheque for \u00a310 to the address on the form, or \u00a350 for the same-day service.\n\n## If you\u2019re registering with permission from the articles of association\n\nDownload and fill in form NM04.\n\nSend your form and a cheque for \u00a310 to the address on the form, or \u00a350 for the same-day service.\n\n## Company address\n\nYou must tell Companies House if you want to change:\n\n- your registered office address\n\n- the address where you keep your records, and which records you\u2019ll keep there\n\nYour address will not officially change until it\u2019s registered at Companies House.\n\nYour company\u2019s new addresses must be in the same part of the UK that the company was registered (\u2018incorporated\u2019).\n\nFor example, if your company was registered in Scotland, the new registered office address must be in Scotland.\n\nYou must re-incorporate your company if you move to another part of the UK, for example from England to Scotland.\n\nCompanies House will tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve changed your registered office address.\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can use the Companies House online service.\n\n## Register by post\n\nDownload and fill in a change of address form. Send your completed form to the Companies House address on the form.\n\n## Directors and company secretaries\n\nYou must tell Companies House about changes to your company\u2019s directors and secretaries, such as:\n\n- new appointments\n\n- resignations\n\n- changes to personal details, for example residential addresses\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can use the Companies House online service.\n\n## Register by post\n\nYou can send your changes by post.\n\nDownload and fill in the change forms you need and send them to the address on the forms\n\n## Shares\n\nYou must tell Companies House about any changes to your company\u2019s share structure that you make outside your annual return.\n\nYou may need a special resolution to change your company\u2019s share structure. This includes if you:\n\n- change the number of shares the company has and their total value - this is your \u2018share capital\u2019 (the part of your company\u2019s money that comes from shares)\n\n- change how your shares are distributed\n\n- cancel any of your shares\n\n- change (\u2018denominate\u2019) your shares into other currencies\n\nYou must tell Companies House within a month if you issue more shares in your company.\n\nYou must report all other changes to your share structure within 21 days.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must include a notice about the change you\u2019ve made and a statement declaring:\n\n- the company\u2019s total number of shares\n\n- the total value of those shares\n\n- how many shares have been paid for or not paid for\n\nThis is sometimes known as a \u2018statement of capital\u2019.\n\nYour shares may be normal (\u2018ordinary\u2019) or have special rights or restrictions.\n\nFor each type of share your company has, you must declare:\n\n- the rights that come with it\n\n- how many of the shares are issued\n\n- their total value before any additional costs are added\n\nAn accountant can help you prepare your statement of capital.\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can register changes to the shares your company issues online.\n\nYou must register all other changes to your shares by post.\n\n## Register by post\n\nYou can send your changes by post. Download and fill in the share change forms depending on the changes you\u2019re making.\n\nSend your completed forms, a copy of your resolution if needed and your statement of capital to the address on the forms.\n\n## Constitution and articles of association\n\nYou\u2019ll need agreement from your shareholders before changing your company\u2019s articles of association - the rules about how your company is run.\n\nThis can include changes to your company\u2019s \u2018objects\u2019 - what your company does as a business.\n\n## When you must change your constitution\n\nYou can change your constitution whenever your shareholders agree to the change in a \u2018resolution\u2019.\n\nYou must also change your constitution if:\n\n- a change in the law means your constitution would be illegal\n\n- ordered to by the courts or a regulating authority (for example the Charity Commission) tells you to change it\n\n## Sending your changes\n\nYou must include a copy of both the resolution you passed and the new articles of association when you make any changes to your company\u2019s constitution.\n\nDepending on why you\u2019re making the change you may also need to fill in one of the following:\n\n- a statement of company objects if your company is changing the objects in its articles\n\n- change of constitution by enactment if your change is because of a change in the law\n\n- change of constitution by order of court or other authority if your change has been ordered\n\nSend the copy of the resolution, the copy of your new articles and completed form (if any) to Companies House.\n\nIf a special enactment makes the change, you must include a copy of the enactment.\n\n## Deadline\n\nYou must send:\n\n- a copy of the resolution within 15 days of it being agreed\n\n- a copy of the amended articles of association within 15 days of them taking effect\n\n- any forms (if needed) within 15 days of the changes\n\n## Mortgages and loan guarantees\n\nYou can use your company\u2019s assets as a security for a loan or overdraft (sometimes known as \u2018charges\u2019), for example a mortgage for a property.\n\nYou must register details about any company charges with Companies House, including information about property or projects that are being backed by the charge.\n\nYou must also register changes to charges you\u2019ve previously registered, for example when a charge\u2019s been paid in part or in full.\n\nYou must register charges within 21 days from when they\u2019re set up - you will need a court order to register them later.\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can use the Companies House online service.\n\nIt costs \u00a310 to register online.\n\n## Register by post\n\nYou can send changes to your charges by post:\n\nDownload and fill in the forms you need and send them to the address on the forms.\n\nIt costs \u00a313 to register by post.\n\nCompanies House will reject your application if it\u2019s wrong or incomplete.\n\nYou can register for informal correction if you want Companies House to be able to correct certain types of information required to your form.\n\nOnce you\u2019re registered Companies House will contact you if they need more information or for permission to make a correction.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-changes-to-your-limited-company", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Software company wants to change its share structure because the share holders are unhappy with their returns. ", + "original_question": "Would this requite a special resolution with an overwhelming majority to pass?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1455", + "question": "Scenario: I own and manage a hairdressers and we are currently under performing.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible to claim on interest payments for equipment I have bought?\n\nDocument - Claim capital allowances:\n## Overview\n\nYou can claim capital allowances when you buy assets that you keep to use in your business, for example:\n\n- equipment\n\n- machinery\n\n- business vehicles, for example cars, vans or lorries\n\nThese are known as plant and machinery.\n\nYou can deduct some or all of the value of the item from your profits before you pay tax.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and have an income of \u00a3150,000 or less a year, you may be able to use a simpler system called cash basis instead.\n\n## Work out the value of your item\n\nIn most cases, the value is what you paid for the item. Use the market value (the amount you\u2019d expect to sell it for) instead if:\n\n- you owned it before you started using it in your business\n\n- it was a gift\n\n## Other business costs\n\nYou claim for the cost of things that are not business assets in a different way. This includes:\n\n- your business\u2019s day-to-day running costs\n\n- items that it\u2019s your trade to buy and sell\n\n- interest payments or finance costs for buying assets\n\nClaim these costs as business expenses if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner, or deduct from your profits as a business cost if you\u2019re a limited company.\n\n## Other capital allowances\n\nAs well as plant and machinery, you can also claim capital allowances for:\n\n- renovating business premises in disadvantaged areas of the UK\n\n- extracting minerals\n\n- research and development\n\n- \u2018know-how\u2019 (intellectual property about industrial techniques)\n\n- patents\n\n- dredging\n\n- structure and buildings\n\n## If you let out residential property\n\nYou can only claim for items in residential property if your business qualifies as a furnished holiday lettings business. In each year the property must be:\n\n- available for holiday letting for 210 days\n\n- let for 105 days or more\n\n## What you can claim on\n\nYou can claim capital allowances on items that you keep to use in your business - these are known as \u2018plant and machinery\u2019.\n\nIn most cases you can deduct the full cost of these items from your profits before tax using annual investment allowance (AIA).\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and have an income of \u00a3150,000 or less a year, you may be able to use a simpler system called cash basis instead.\n\n## What does not count as plant and machinery\n\nYou cannot claim capital allowances on:\n\n- things you lease - you must own them\n\n- buildings, including doors, gates, shutters, mains water and gas systems\n\n- land and structures, for example bridges, roads, docks\n\n- items used only for business entertainment, for example a yacht or karaoke machine\n\n## What counts as plant and machinery\n\nPlant and machinery includes:\n\n- items that you keep to use in your business, including cars\n\n- costs of demolishing plant and machinery\n\n- parts of a building considered integral, known as \u2018integral features\u2019\n\n- some fixtures, for example fitted kitchens or bathroom suites\n\n- alterations to a building to install other plant and machinery - this does not include repairs\n\nClaim repairs as business expenses if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner - deduct from your profits as a business cost if you\u2019re a limited company.\n\n## Integral features\n\nIntegral features are:\n\n- lifts, escalators and moving walkways\n\n- space and water heating systems\n\n- air-conditioning and air cooling systems\n\n- hot and cold water systems (but not toilet and kitchen facilities)\n\n- electrical systems, including lighting systems\n\n- external solar shading\n\n## Fixtures\n\nYou can claim for fixtures, for example:\n\n- fitted kitchens\n\n- bathroom suites\n\n- fire alarm and CCTV systems\n\nYou can claim if you rent or own the building, but only the person who bought the item can claim.\n\nWhen you buy a building from a previous business owner you can only claim for integral features and fixtures that they claimed for.\n\nYou must agree the value of the fixtures with the seller. If you do not you cannot claim for them. Agreeing the value also means the person selling the assets can account correctly for them.\n\n## If you let residential property\n\nYou can only claim for items in residential property if either:\n\n- you run a furnished holiday lettings business\n\n- the item is in the common parts of a residential building, for example a table in the hallway of a block of flats\n\n## Care workers\n\nThere are special rules if you run a care business.\n\n## Annual investment allowance\n\nYou can deduct the full value of an item that qualifies for annual investment allowance (AIA) from your profits before tax.\n\nIf you sell the item after claiming AIA you may need to pay tax.\n\n## What you can claim on\n\nYou can claim AIA on most plant and machinery up to the AIA amount.\n\n## What you cannot claim on\n\nYou cannot claim AIA on:\n\n- cars\n\n- items you owned for another reason before you started using them in your business\n\n- items given to you or your business\n\nClaim writing down allowances instead.\n\n## The AIA amount\n\nThe AIA amount has temporarily increased to \u00a31 million between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020.\n\n## Changes to the AIA\n\nThe\u00a0AIA\u00a0amount has changed several times since April 2008.\n\nIf the AIA changed in the period you\u2019re claiming for, you need to adjust the amount you can claim.\n\n| AIA | Sole traders/partners | Limited companies |\n\n| 1 million | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020 | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020 |\n\n| \u00a3200,000 | 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2018 | 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2018 |\n\n| \u00a3500,000 | 6 April 2014 - 31 December 2015 | 1 April 2014 - 31 December 2015 |\n\n| \u00a3250,000 | 1 January 2013 - 5 April 2014 | 1 January 2013 - 31 March 2014 |\n\n| \u00a325,000 | 6 April 2012 - 31 December 2012 | 1 April 2012 - 31 December 2012 |\n\n| \u00a3100,000 | 6 April 2010 - 5 April 2012 | 1 April 2010 - 31 March 2012 |\n\n| \u00a350,000 | 6 April 2008 - 5 April 2010 | 1 April 2008 - 31 March 2010 |\n\nYou get a new allowance for each accounting period.\n\n## If your accounting period is more or less than 12 months\n\nAdjust your AIA if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.\n\nThe rules are different if your accounting period is longer than 18 months or you have a gap or overlap between accounting periods.\n\n## When you can claim\n\nYou can only claim AIA in the period you bought the item.\n\nThe date you bought it is:\n\n- when you signed the contract, if payment is due within less than 4 months\n\n- when payment\u2019s due, if it\u2019s due more than 4 months later\n\nIf you buy something under a hire purchase contract you can claim for the payments you have not made yet when you start using the item. You cannot claim on the interest payments.\n\nIf your business closes, you cannot claim AIA for items bought in the final accounting period.\n\n## If you do not want to claim the full cost\n\nIf you do not want to claim the full cost, for example you have low profits, you can claim:\n\n- writing down allowances instead\n\n- part of the cost as AIA and part as writing down allowances\n\n## Items you also use outside your business\n\nYou cannot claim the full value of items you also use outside your business if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner. Reduce the capital allowances you claim by the amount you use the asset outside your business.\n\n## If you spend more than the AIA amount\n\nClaim writing down allowances on any amount above the AIA. If a single item takes you above the AIA amount you can split the value between the types of allowance.\n\n## Mixed partnerships\n\nAIA is not available for partnerships where one of the partners is a company or another partnership.\n\n## More than one business or trade\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner and you have more than one business or trade, each business usually gets an AIA.\n\nYou only get one AIA if the businesses are both:\n\n- controlled by the same person\n\n- in the same premises or have similar activities\n\nIf 2 or more limited companies are controlled by the same person they only get one AIA between them. They can choose how to share the AIA.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim on your tax return.\n\n## First year allowances\n\nIf you buy an asset that qualifies for first year allowances you can deduct the full cost from your profits before tax.\n\nYou can claim first year allowances in addition to annual investment allowance - they do not count towards your AIA limit.\n\n## What qualifies\n\nYou can claim \u2018enhanced capital allowances\u2019 (a type of first year allowances) for the following energy and water efficient equipment:\n\n- some cars with low CO2 emissions\n\n- energy saving equipment that\u2019s on the energy technology product list, for example certain motors\n\n- water saving equipment that\u2019s on the water efficient technologies product list, for example meters, efficient toilets and taps\n\n- plant and machinery for gas refuelling stations, for example storage tanks, pumps\n\n- gas, biogas and hydrogen refuelling equipment\n\n- new zero-emission goods vehicles\n\nYou cannot normally claim on items your business buys to lease to other people or for use within a home you let out.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim on your tax return.\n\nIf you do not claim all the first year allowances you\u2019re entitled to, you can claim part of the cost in the next accounting period using writing down allowances.\n\n## Business cars\n\nYou can claim capital allowances on cars you buy and use in your business. This means you can deduct part of the value from your profits before you pay tax.\n\nUse writing down allowances to work out what you can claim - cars do not qualify for annual investment allowance (AIA).\n\n## Sole traders and partners\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner you can claim simplified mileage expenses on business vehicles instead - as long as you have not already claimed for them in another way.\n\n## Employees\n\nIf you\u2019re an employee you cannot claim capital allowances for cars, motorbikes and bicycles you use for work, but you may be able to claim for business mileage and fuel costs.\n\n## What counts as a car\n\nFor capital allowances a car is a type of vehicle that:\n\n- is suitable for private use - this includes motorhomes\n\n- most people use privately\n\n- was not built for transporting goods\n\n## What does not count\n\nBecause they do not count as cars you can claim AIA on:\n\n- motorcycles - apart from those bought before 6 April 2009\n\n- lorries, vans and trucks\n\n## Rates for cars\n\nThe rate you can claim depends on the CO2 emissions of your car and the date you bought it.\n\nThe main and special rates apply from 1 April for limited companies, and 6 April for sole traders and partners. The first year allowances rate applies from 1 April for all businesses.\n\n## Cars bought from April 2021\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 0g/km (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 1g/km and 50g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are between 1g/km and 50g/km (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 50g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2018 and April 2021\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 50g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 50g/km and 110g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 110g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 110g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2015 and April 2018\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 75g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 75g/km and 130g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 130g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 130g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2013 and April 2015\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 95g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 95g/km and 130g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 130g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 130g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2009 and April 2013\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 110g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 110g/km and 160g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 160g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions above 160g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\nMove the balance of any cars bought before April 2009 to your main rate allowances pool.\n\nIf your car does not have an emissions figure use the special rate - use the main rate if it was registered before 1 March 2001.\n\n## Using cars outside your business\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and you also use your car outside your business, calculate how much you can claim based on the amount of business use.\n\nIf your business provides a car for an employee or director you can claim capital allowances on the full cost. You may need to report it as a benefit if they use it personally.\n\n## How to claim\n\nWhen you\u2019ve worked out your capital allowances, claim on your:\n\n- Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- partnership tax return if you\u2019re a partner\n\n- Company Tax Return if you\u2019re a limited company - you must include a separate capital allowances calculation\n\nEmployees must claim in a different way.\n\nThe amount you can claim is deducted from your profits.\n\n## When you can claim\n\nYou must claim in the accounting period you bought the item if you want to claim the full value under:\n\n- annual investment allowance\n\n- first year allowances\n\nIf you do not want to claim the full value you can claim part of it using writing down allowances. You can do this at any time as long as you still own the item.\n\n## When you bought it\n\nThe date you bought it is:\n\n- when you signed the contract, if payment is due within less than 4 months\n\n- when payment\u2019s due, if it\u2019s due more than 4 months later\n\nIf you buy something under a hire purchase contract you can claim for the payments you have not made yet when you start using the item. You cannot claim on the interest payments.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-allowances", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own and manage a hairdressers and we are currently under performing.", + "original_question": "Is it possible to claim on interest payments for equipment I have bought?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1456", + "question": "Scenario: I am an employee of an IT consulting firm. I drive 30 minutes to work every morning. I am aware that I can claim back some fuel costs.\n\nQuestion: Can I also claim capitol allowances for cars?\n\nDocument - Claim capital allowances:\n## Overview\n\nYou can claim capital allowances when you buy assets that you keep to use in your business, for example:\n\n- equipment\n\n- machinery\n\n- business vehicles, for example cars, vans or lorries\n\nThese are known as plant and machinery.\n\nYou can deduct some or all of the value of the item from your profits before you pay tax.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and have an income of \u00a3150,000 or less a year, you may be able to use a simpler system called cash basis instead.\n\n## Work out the value of your item\n\nIn most cases, the value is what you paid for the item. Use the market value (the amount you\u2019d expect to sell it for) instead if:\n\n- you owned it before you started using it in your business\n\n- it was a gift\n\n## Other business costs\n\nYou claim for the cost of things that are not business assets in a different way. This includes:\n\n- your business\u2019s day-to-day running costs\n\n- items that it\u2019s your trade to buy and sell\n\n- interest payments or finance costs for buying assets\n\nClaim these costs as business expenses if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner, or deduct from your profits as a business cost if you\u2019re a limited company.\n\n## Other capital allowances\n\nAs well as plant and machinery, you can also claim capital allowances for:\n\n- renovating business premises in disadvantaged areas of the UK\n\n- extracting minerals\n\n- research and development\n\n- \u2018know-how\u2019 (intellectual property about industrial techniques)\n\n- patents\n\n- dredging\n\n- structure and buildings\n\n## If you let out residential property\n\nYou can only claim for items in residential property if your business qualifies as a furnished holiday lettings business. In each year the property must be:\n\n- available for holiday letting for 210 days\n\n- let for 105 days or more\n\n## What you can claim on\n\nYou can claim capital allowances on items that you keep to use in your business - these are known as \u2018plant and machinery\u2019.\n\nIn most cases you can deduct the full cost of these items from your profits before tax using annual investment allowance (AIA).\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and have an income of \u00a3150,000 or less a year, you may be able to use a simpler system called cash basis instead.\n\n## What does not count as plant and machinery\n\nYou cannot claim capital allowances on:\n\n- things you lease - you must own them\n\n- buildings, including doors, gates, shutters, mains water and gas systems\n\n- land and structures, for example bridges, roads, docks\n\n- items used only for business entertainment, for example a yacht or karaoke machine\n\n## What counts as plant and machinery\n\nPlant and machinery includes:\n\n- items that you keep to use in your business, including cars\n\n- costs of demolishing plant and machinery\n\n- parts of a building considered integral, known as \u2018integral features\u2019\n\n- some fixtures, for example fitted kitchens or bathroom suites\n\n- alterations to a building to install other plant and machinery - this does not include repairs\n\nClaim repairs as business expenses if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner - deduct from your profits as a business cost if you\u2019re a limited company.\n\n## Integral features\n\nIntegral features are:\n\n- lifts, escalators and moving walkways\n\n- space and water heating systems\n\n- air-conditioning and air cooling systems\n\n- hot and cold water systems (but not toilet and kitchen facilities)\n\n- electrical systems, including lighting systems\n\n- external solar shading\n\n## Fixtures\n\nYou can claim for fixtures, for example:\n\n- fitted kitchens\n\n- bathroom suites\n\n- fire alarm and CCTV systems\n\nYou can claim if you rent or own the building, but only the person who bought the item can claim.\n\nWhen you buy a building from a previous business owner you can only claim for integral features and fixtures that they claimed for.\n\nYou must agree the value of the fixtures with the seller. If you do not you cannot claim for them. Agreeing the value also means the person selling the assets can account correctly for them.\n\n## If you let residential property\n\nYou can only claim for items in residential property if either:\n\n- you run a furnished holiday lettings business\n\n- the item is in the common parts of a residential building, for example a table in the hallway of a block of flats\n\n## Care workers\n\nThere are special rules if you run a care business.\n\n## Annual investment allowance\n\nYou can deduct the full value of an item that qualifies for annual investment allowance (AIA) from your profits before tax.\n\nIf you sell the item after claiming AIA you may need to pay tax.\n\n## What you can claim on\n\nYou can claim AIA on most plant and machinery up to the AIA amount.\n\n## What you cannot claim on\n\nYou cannot claim AIA on:\n\n- cars\n\n- items you owned for another reason before you started using them in your business\n\n- items given to you or your business\n\nClaim writing down allowances instead.\n\n## The AIA amount\n\nThe AIA amount has temporarily increased to \u00a31 million between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020.\n\n## Changes to the AIA\n\nThe\u00a0AIA\u00a0amount has changed several times since April 2008.\n\nIf the AIA changed in the period you\u2019re claiming for, you need to adjust the amount you can claim.\n\n| AIA | Sole traders/partners | Limited companies |\n\n| 1 million | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020 | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020 |\n\n| \u00a3200,000 | 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2018 | 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2018 |\n\n| \u00a3500,000 | 6 April 2014 - 31 December 2015 | 1 April 2014 - 31 December 2015 |\n\n| \u00a3250,000 | 1 January 2013 - 5 April 2014 | 1 January 2013 - 31 March 2014 |\n\n| \u00a325,000 | 6 April 2012 - 31 December 2012 | 1 April 2012 - 31 December 2012 |\n\n| \u00a3100,000 | 6 April 2010 - 5 April 2012 | 1 April 2010 - 31 March 2012 |\n\n| \u00a350,000 | 6 April 2008 - 5 April 2010 | 1 April 2008 - 31 March 2010 |\n\nYou get a new allowance for each accounting period.\n\n## If your accounting period is more or less than 12 months\n\nAdjust your AIA if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.\n\nThe rules are different if your accounting period is longer than 18 months or you have a gap or overlap between accounting periods.\n\n## When you can claim\n\nYou can only claim AIA in the period you bought the item.\n\nThe date you bought it is:\n\n- when you signed the contract, if payment is due within less than 4 months\n\n- when payment\u2019s due, if it\u2019s due more than 4 months later\n\nIf you buy something under a hire purchase contract you can claim for the payments you have not made yet when you start using the item. You cannot claim on the interest payments.\n\nIf your business closes, you cannot claim AIA for items bought in the final accounting period.\n\n## If you do not want to claim the full cost\n\nIf you do not want to claim the full cost, for example you have low profits, you can claim:\n\n- writing down allowances instead\n\n- part of the cost as AIA and part as writing down allowances\n\n## Items you also use outside your business\n\nYou cannot claim the full value of items you also use outside your business if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner. Reduce the capital allowances you claim by the amount you use the asset outside your business.\n\n## If you spend more than the AIA amount\n\nClaim writing down allowances on any amount above the AIA. If a single item takes you above the AIA amount you can split the value between the types of allowance.\n\n## Mixed partnerships\n\nAIA is not available for partnerships where one of the partners is a company or another partnership.\n\n## More than one business or trade\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner and you have more than one business or trade, each business usually gets an AIA.\n\nYou only get one AIA if the businesses are both:\n\n- controlled by the same person\n\n- in the same premises or have similar activities\n\nIf 2 or more limited companies are controlled by the same person they only get one AIA between them. They can choose how to share the AIA.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim on your tax return.\n\n## First year allowances\n\nIf you buy an asset that qualifies for first year allowances you can deduct the full cost from your profits before tax.\n\nYou can claim first year allowances in addition to annual investment allowance - they do not count towards your AIA limit.\n\n## What qualifies\n\nYou can claim \u2018enhanced capital allowances\u2019 (a type of first year allowances) for the following energy and water efficient equipment:\n\n- some cars with low CO2 emissions\n\n- energy saving equipment that\u2019s on the energy technology product list, for example certain motors\n\n- water saving equipment that\u2019s on the water efficient technologies product list, for example meters, efficient toilets and taps\n\n- plant and machinery for gas refuelling stations, for example storage tanks, pumps\n\n- gas, biogas and hydrogen refuelling equipment\n\n- new zero-emission goods vehicles\n\nYou cannot normally claim on items your business buys to lease to other people or for use within a home you let out.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim on your tax return.\n\nIf you do not claim all the first year allowances you\u2019re entitled to, you can claim part of the cost in the next accounting period using writing down allowances.\n\n## Business cars\n\nYou can claim capital allowances on cars you buy and use in your business. This means you can deduct part of the value from your profits before you pay tax.\n\nUse writing down allowances to work out what you can claim - cars do not qualify for annual investment allowance (AIA).\n\n## Sole traders and partners\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner you can claim simplified mileage expenses on business vehicles instead - as long as you have not already claimed for them in another way.\n\n## Employees\n\nIf you\u2019re an employee you cannot claim capital allowances for cars, motorbikes and bicycles you use for work, but you may be able to claim for business mileage and fuel costs.\n\n## What counts as a car\n\nFor capital allowances a car is a type of vehicle that:\n\n- is suitable for private use - this includes motorhomes\n\n- most people use privately\n\n- was not built for transporting goods\n\n## What does not count\n\nBecause they do not count as cars you can claim AIA on:\n\n- motorcycles - apart from those bought before 6 April 2009\n\n- lorries, vans and trucks\n\n## Rates for cars\n\nThe rate you can claim depends on the CO2 emissions of your car and the date you bought it.\n\nThe main and special rates apply from 1 April for limited companies, and 6 April for sole traders and partners. The first year allowances rate applies from 1 April for all businesses.\n\n## Cars bought from April 2021\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 0g/km (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 1g/km and 50g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are between 1g/km and 50g/km (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 50g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2018 and April 2021\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 50g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 50g/km and 110g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 110g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 110g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2015 and April 2018\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 75g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 75g/km and 130g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 130g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 130g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2013 and April 2015\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 95g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 95g/km and 130g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 130g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 130g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2009 and April 2013\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 110g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 110g/km and 160g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 160g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions above 160g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\nMove the balance of any cars bought before April 2009 to your main rate allowances pool.\n\nIf your car does not have an emissions figure use the special rate - use the main rate if it was registered before 1 March 2001.\n\n## Using cars outside your business\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and you also use your car outside your business, calculate how much you can claim based on the amount of business use.\n\nIf your business provides a car for an employee or director you can claim capital allowances on the full cost. You may need to report it as a benefit if they use it personally.\n\n## How to claim\n\nWhen you\u2019ve worked out your capital allowances, claim on your:\n\n- Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- partnership tax return if you\u2019re a partner\n\n- Company Tax Return if you\u2019re a limited company - you must include a separate capital allowances calculation\n\nEmployees must claim in a different way.\n\nThe amount you can claim is deducted from your profits.\n\n## When you can claim\n\nYou must claim in the accounting period you bought the item if you want to claim the full value under:\n\n- annual investment allowance\n\n- first year allowances\n\nIf you do not want to claim the full value you can claim part of it using writing down allowances. You can do this at any time as long as you still own the item.\n\n## When you bought it\n\nThe date you bought it is:\n\n- when you signed the contract, if payment is due within less than 4 months\n\n- when payment\u2019s due, if it\u2019s due more than 4 months later\n\nIf you buy something under a hire purchase contract you can claim for the payments you have not made yet when you start using the item. You cannot claim on the interest payments.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-allowances", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an employee of an IT consulting firm. I drive 30 minutes to work every morning. I am aware that I can claim back some fuel costs.", + "original_question": "Can I also claim capitol allowances for cars?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1457", + "question": "Scenario: I am a photographer for weddings and other events, recently I decided to look into working with an agency to help me find work. I signed a contract with the agency a little over a month ago and they are yet to make any of my information available to potential hirers. Since then I established my own website and find a steady flow of work through it.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to request a refund from the agency based on my circumstances?\n\nDocument - Charge fees as an entertainment and modelling agency:\n## Overview\n\nYou can charge fees as an entertainment and modelling agency for finding someone work.\n\nThe fees you charge depend on if the person is:\n\n- a performer or worker\n\n- a model\n\nWorkers, performers and models need to agree to your terms and conditions before you can charge fees.\n\n## Terms and conditions\n\nTerms and conditions of your service and your fees must be agreed in writing (for example, in a contract) with the worker, performer or model.\n\nThese must include details of:\n\n- the work-finding services that you\u2019ll provide them\n\n- any authority you have to act on behalf of them\n\n- any authorisations to receive any money on behalf of them\n\n- any fees or commissions you\u2019ll charge for finding work\n\n- how your fee or commission will be paid\n\n- how any commissions or fees will be refunded\n\n- the length of time the worker, performer or model needs to give to end the contract\n\n- the length of time you need to give to end a worker, performer or models\u2019s contract\n\n## Fees for performers and workers\n\nYou can\u2019t charge fees or deduct money from an entertainment worker or performer\u2019s earnings until they agree to your terms and conditions.\n\n## Promotional fees for performers and entertainment workers (not models)\n\nYou can only charge upfront fees for listing the worker or performer\u2019s details in promotional publications or on websites to help them find work.\n\nPromotional publication includes listing information in publications or on websites and photographs or audio or video recordings.\n\nYou must give the worker or performer a chance to see any copies.\n\nOther fees or commission for finding work normally come out of the worker or performer\u2019s earnings from the employment that you found.\n\n## Fees for promoting performers\n\nYou can only charge fees 30 days after the start of the contract (if there is a fee for promoting a performer).\n\nIn that 30-day period the performer can cancel or withdraw from the contract without penalty and won\u2019t have to make any payment.\n\nYou need to show the performer any promotional photographs, audio or video before its published. They then have 7 days to object to anything being used.\n\nYou can\u2019t charge the performer until the 7 days is over or you\u2019ve dealt with any reasonable requirement from the performer, whichever is later.\n\nYou can charge fees for the following performers:\n\n- actors\n\n- background artists\n\n- dancers\n\n- extras\n\n- musicians\n\n- singers\n\n- other performers\n\n## Fees for entertainment workers (except models)\n\nIf there is a fee for promoting a worker, you can only charge this 7 days after the start of the contract.\n\nIn that 7-day period:\n\n- the worker can cancel or withdraw from the contract without penalty\n\n- the worker doesn\u2019t have to make any payment under the contract\n\n- the worker can say what information shouldn\u2019t be included in the publication\n\nThis covers the following types of workers:\n\n- composer\n\n- writer\n\n- artist\n\n- director or producer\n\n- production manager\n\n- lighting cameraman, camera operator\n\n- make up artist, clothes, hair or make up stylist\n\n- film editor\n\n- action arranger or co-ordinator, stunt arranger\n\n- costume or production designer\n\n- recording engineer\n\n- property master\n\n- film continuity person\n\n- sound mixer\n\n- photographer\n\n- stage manager\n\n- choreographer or theatre designer\n\n## Refunds for promotional services\n\nWork-seekers have the right to a refund if the promotional information isn\u2019t made available to potential hirers within 60 days of a fee being paid.\n\n## Fees for fashion and photographic models\n\nYou can\u2019t charge fees or deduct money from a model\u2019s earnings until they agree to your terms and conditions.\n\nYou can\u2019t charge any upfront fees for finding work for photographic and fashion models. This includes putting information about the models in a publication or website.\n\nHowever, after you\u2019ve found work for a model you can charge fees for:\n\n- including information about them in a publication or website\n\n- providing a service to find the model work (these fees must have been agreed with the model before you started looking for work for them)\n\n## Fees for other services\n\nYou can charge fees for other services such as producing a photo or show reel. You have to put the terms and conditions for these in a separate document. You need to give this to the performer, model or entertainment worker before providing these services.\n\nYou can\u2019t make using other services you provide a condition of you finding work for someone.\n\nYou can\u2019t charge fees until 30 days after the start of the contract for these services.\u00a0The performer, model or entertainment worker can cancel within these 30 days and won\u2019t have to pay you anything.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/entertainment-and-modelling-agencies", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a photographer for weddings and other events, recently I decided to look into working with an agency to help me find work. I signed a contract with the agency a little over a month ago and they are yet to make any of my information available to potential hirers. Since then I established my own website and find a steady flow of work through it.", + "original_question": "Am I able to request a refund from the agency based on my circumstances?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1461", + "question": "Scenario: I would like to buy \u00a3800 of shares in an IT company. \n\nQuestion: If I am using a stock transfer form, will I need to pay stamp duty?\n\nDocument - Tax when you buy shares:\n## Overview\n\nWhen you buy shares, you usually pay a tax or duty of 0.5% on the transaction.\n\nIf you buy:\n\n- shares electronically, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT)\n\n- shares using a stock transfer form, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty if the transaction is over \u00a31,000\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay tax at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.\n\nYou pay tax on the price you pay for the shares, even if their actual market value is much higher.\n\n## Transactions you pay tax on\n\nYou pay tax when you buy:\n\n- existing shares in a company incorporated in the UK\n\n- an option to buy shares\n\n- an interest in shares, for example an interest in the money from selling them\n\n- shares in a foreign company that has a share register in the UK\n\n- rights arising from shares, for example rights you have when new shares are issued\n\n## When you do not pay tax\n\nYou do not have to pay tax if you:\n\n- are given shares for nothing\n\n- subscribe to a new issue of shares in a company\n\n- buy shares in an \u2018open ended investment company\u2019 (OEIC) from the fund manager\n\n- buy units in a unit trust from the fund manager\n\nYou do not normally have to pay Stamp Duty or SDRT if you buy foreign shares outside the UK. But you may have to pay other taxes.\n\n## When you sell the shares\n\nYou may need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your shares.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nContact Stamp Duty share enquiries for general information about Stamp Duty on shares.\n\nContact Stamp Duty Reserve Tax enquiries if you have questions about Stamp Duty on electronic paperless share transactions.\n\nYou can also get professional help (for example, from a tax adviser) with your tax.\n\n## Buying shares electronically\n\nYou\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) if you buy shares electronically through the \u2018CREST\u2019 system (a computerised register of shares and shareowners).\n\nThe tax is taken automatically when you buy the shares, so you do not need to do anything else about your tax.\n\nSDRT is charged at 0.5% when you buy shares electronically.\n\nIf you do not pay cash for your shares but give something else of value to buy them, you pay SDRT based on the value of what you gave.\n\nIf you\u2019re given shares for nothing, you do not have to pay any tax.\n\n## Buying shares \u2018off-market\u2019\n\nYou must also pay SDRT on \u2018off-market\u2019 transactions. This is when shares are transferred outside CREST.\n\n## How to pay\n\nTax is not deducted automatically when you buy shares off-market.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) a written notice with details of the transaction.\n\nIf you do not pay on time, you\u2019ll be charged interest from the due date until the date you pay. You may also get a penalty.\n\n## Buying shares using a stock transfer form\n\nYou must pay Stamp Duty on your shares if:\n\n- you buy shares through a stock transfer form\n\n- the transaction is over \u00a31,000\n\nYou pay 0.5% duty, which will be rounded up to the nearest \u00a35.\n\nFor shares under \u00a31,000, you will not need to pay anything.\n\n## Get a stock transfer form\n\nYou can get a stock transfer form from:\n\n- a broker\n\n- a lawyer or an accountant who deals in shares\n\nYou can also download a stock transfer form from the internet.\n\nFind out what you need to include in a stock transfer form.\n\n## Send the transfer form to HMRC and pay Stamp Duty\n\nYou must send a copy of your stock transfer form to the Stamp Office within 30 days of it being signed and dated.\n\nEmail an electronic version or a scan of your paper form to stampdutymailbox@hmrc.gov.uk.\n\nIf you cannot email your stock transfer form, send a photocopy by post. You must keep the original signed document for your records.\n\nThere is a different address to send a stock transfer form by courier.\n\nYou must also pay the Stamp Duty within 30 days of the stock transfer form being signed and dated.\n\nYou may get a penalty if you do not pay on time.\n\n## Special share arrangements\n\nYou pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) or Stamp Duty at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.\n\nThis is when the shares are transferred to a service operated by a third party (for example, a bank). The shares can then be traded free of Stamp Duty or SDRT.\n\nNot all of these schemes work like this. Sometimes the higher rate is not charged and you pay Stamp Duty or SDRT in the normal way. Check the details of your scheme with your stockbroker.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-buy-shares", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I would like to buy \u00a3800 of shares in an IT company. ", + "original_question": "If I am using a stock transfer form, will I need to pay stamp duty?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1465", + "question": "Scenario: I recently started designing and printing out stickers, posters and other decorative pieces. Currently I am operating from a small room in my house dedicated to my business venture and sending out the products through post. This is the first time I am operating a business and all of the taxes and regulations are new to me.\n\nQuestion: Do my circumstances demand from me to pay business rates?\n\nDocument - Business rates:\n## Overview\n\nBusiness rates are charged on most non-domestic properties, like:\n\n- shops\n\n- offices\n\n- pubs\n\n- warehouses\n\n- factories\n\n- holiday rental homes or guest houses\n\nYou\u2019ll probably have to pay business rates if you use a building or part of a building for non-domestic purposes.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What to pay and when\n\nYour local council will send you a business rates bill in February or March each year. This is for the following tax year. You can also estimate your business rates bill.\n\nYou can get help with business rates from:\n\n- your council if you have questions about your bill\n\n- the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you think your \u2018rateable value\u2019 is wrong\n\n## Relief schemes\n\nYou may be able to get business rates relief from your local council to reduce your bill. This is sometimes automatic, but you may need to apply.\n\nThe process depends on whether you\u2019re in England or Wales.\n\n## Who does not need to pay\n\nCertain properties are exempt from business rates, for example farm buildings or places used for the welfare of disabled people.\n\n## If you own a stable\n\nYou usually need to pay business rates on your stables, unless you use your horses for farming.\n\nYou may pay Council Tax instead if your stables are in your garden. Contact VOA to check if you\u2019re not sure which you should pay.\n\n## How your rates are calculated\n\nBusiness rates are worked out based on your property\u2019s \u2018rateable value\u2019.\n\nThis is its open market rental value on 1 April 2015, based on an estimate by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\nYou can estimate your business rates by multiplying the rateable value by the correct \u2018multiplier\u2019 (an amount set by central government).\n\nYour bill will be reduced if your property\u2019s eligible for business rates relief.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you think your rates are wrong\n\nYou can ask for your property\u2019s rateable value to be corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to provide rental information\n\nThe VOA may ask you to provide rental information about your property so they can work out its rateable value.\n\nContact the VOA if you need more time to send in your rental information.\n\n## Revaluation\n\nAt revaluation, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) adjusts the rateable value of business properties to reflect changes in the property market.\n\nIt usually happens every 5 years. The most recent revaluation came into effect in England and Wales on 1 April 2017, based on rateable values from 1 April 2015.\n\nYou can check your valuation when you estimate your business rates.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What happens at revaluation\n\nAt revaluation:\n\n- all properties are given a new rateable value\n\n- multipliers are revised\n\nThis means that a change in your rateable value does not always mean a change in your bill.\n\nTo make sure your valuations are accurate, you may need to give VOA up-to-date rental evidence for your property at revaluation.\n\n## Get business rates relief\n\nYou may be able to get a discount from your local council if you\u2019re eligible for business rates relief.\n\nFor example you may be able to get:\n\n- transitional relief so that changes to your bill as a result of revaluation are phased in gradually\n\n- small business relief so that you pay no business rates if your rateable value is below \u00a315,000\n\n## Get help with business rates\n\nYou may be able to get a discount from your local council on your business rates if you\u2019re eligible for one or more business rates relief schemes.\n\nFor help with your property\u2019s rateable value, contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\nFor help with your business rates bill (for example to pay in instalments) or rate relief, contact your council.\n\n## Get professional advice\n\nYou can also get help from a qualified rating surveyor through one of the following organisations:\n\n- Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS)\n\n- Institute of Revenues, Rating and Valuation (IRRV)\n\n- Rating Surveyors Association\n\nYou may be charged for any advice you get from a rating surveyor right from the start.\n\nYou can call the RICS enquiry line for advice. The first 30 minutes are free.\n\n## If your business or premises change\n\nYour business rates could change if:\n\n- you move or make changes to your premises\n\n- the nature of your business changes\n\n- you sublet part of your property\n\n- you merge 2 or more properties into 1\n\nYou must report any changes to ensure you\u2019re paying the right amount and do not get a backdated increase in your bill.\n\nReport changes using the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) service in England or Wales.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\n## If your premises are affected by local disruption\n\nYou may get a temporary reduction in your business rates if your premises are affected by severe local disruption (like flooding, building or roadworks).\n\nReport changes using the VOA service.\n\n## Working at home\n\nYou do not usually have to pay business rates for home-based businesses if you:\n\n- use a small part of your home for your business, for example if you use a bedroom as an office\n\n- sell goods by post\n\nYou may need to pay business rates as well as Council Tax if:\n\n- your property is part business and part domestic, for example if you live above your shop\n\n- you sell goods or services to people who visit your property\n\n- you employ other people to work at your property\n\n- you\u2019ve made changes to your home for your business, for example converted a garage to a hairdresser\u2019s\n\nContact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) to find out if you should be paying business rates. In Scotland, contact your local assessor.\n\n## Pubs and licensed trade\n\nIn England and Wales, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) works out your rateable value based on the annual level of trade (excluding VAT) that a pub is expected to achieve if operated in a reasonably efficient way.\n\nThis is called \u2018fair maintainable trade\u2019 and it\u2019s based on:\n\n- the type of pub or licensed premises\n\n- the area it\u2019s in\n\n- the services it offers, for example food, gaming, or sports screenings\n\nThe VOA also looks at rents and turnovers to work out the fair maintainable trade figure, then applies a percentage to work out the rateable value.\n\nThe percentages are agreed with the British Beer and Pub Association and they\u2019re in the VOA\u2019s pub guide.\n\nYou can read more about how the VOA values pubs and other licensed premises for business rates.\n\nContact the VOA if you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used.\n\nYou can also find and check your business rates valuation online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide details of turnover (excluding VAT) for all sources, such as liquor, food and gaming.\n\nYou can also use the online contact VOA service.\n\n## Scotland\n\nIn Scotland, your local assessor works out your rateable value.\n\nIf you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used, contact your local assessor.\n\n## Self-catering and holiday let accommodation\n\nIf your property is in England and available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year, it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates.\n\nIf your property is in Wales it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates if it\u2019s both:\n\n- available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year\n\n- actually let for 70 days\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland.\n\nThe Valuation Office will work out the rateable value of your property based on its type, size, location, quality and how much income you\u2019re likely to make from letting it.\n\nIf you only let one property and its rateable value is less than \u00a315,000 you may be eligible for small business rate relief.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently started designing and printing out stickers, posters and other decorative pieces. Currently I am operating from a small room in my house dedicated to my business venture and sending out the products through post. This is the first time I am operating a business and all of the taxes and regulations are new to me.", + "original_question": "Do my circumstances demand from me to pay business rates?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1467", + "question": "Scenario: I run a small family owned construction company specialising in groundworks. We are looking to expand, and as part of that take on some contractors so we can work on several sites at once.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme?\n\nDocument - What you must do as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) contractor:\n## Overview\n\nYou must register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if:\n\n- you pay subcontractors to do construction work\n\n- your business does not do construction work but you have spent more than \u00a33 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment\n\nYou may be a sole trader, in a partnership or own a limited company.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure if you need to register, check who is covered by CIS.\n\n## Rules you must follow\n\n- You must register for CIS before you take on your first subcontractor.\n\n- You must check if you should employ the person instead of subcontracting the work. You may get a penalty if they should be an employee instead.\n\n- Check with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that your subcontractors are registered with CIS.\n\n- When you pay subcontractors, you\u2019ll usually need to make deductions from their payments and pay the money to HMRC. Deductions count as advance payments towards the subcontractor\u2019s tax and National Insurance bill.\n\n- You\u2019ll need to file monthly returns and keep full CIS records - you may get a penalty if you do not.\n\n- You must let HMRC know about any changes to your business.\n\n## Who is covered by CIS\n\nThe Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) covers most construction work to buildings, including site preparation, decorating and refurbishment.\n\n## Mainstream contractors\n\nIf your business is construction and you pay subcontractors for construction work, you\u2019re a \u2018mainstream\u2019 contractor. This applies if you\u2019re a:\n\n- builder\n\n- labour agency\n\n- gangmaster (or gang leader)\n\n- property developer\n\n## Deemed contractors\n\nYou count as a \u2018deemed\u2019 contractor if your business does not do construction work but you have spent more than \u00a33 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment. This could apply to:\n\n- housing association or arm\u2019s length management organisations (ALMOs)\n\n- local authorities\n\n- government departments\n\nYou must monitor your construction spend if you are likely to become a deemed contractor.\n\n## Exceptions for contractors\n\nCIS does not apply if your work is:\n\n- paid for by a charity or trust\n\n- paid for by a governing body or head teacher of a maintained school on behalf of the local education authority\n\n- on the subcontractor\u2019s own property and worth less than \u00a31,000 excluding materials - you must call the CIS helpline to get an exemption\n\nCIS also does not apply if you\u2019re a deemed contractor paying for:\n\n- work on property (that is not for sale or rent) for your own business use\n\n- a construction contract worth less than \u00a31,000 excluding materials - you must call the CIS helpline to get an exemption\n\n## Construction work not covered by CIS\n\nThere are also certain jobs that are exempt from the scheme, including:\n\n- architecture and surveying\n\n- scaffolding hire (with no labour)\n\n- carpet fitting\n\n- delivering materials\n\n- work on construction sites that is clearly not construction, for example running a canteen or site facilities\n\nThe CIS guide for contractors and subcontractors explains in full what type of work is covered by CIS.\n\n## How to register\n\nTo register as a contractor, you need to follow the process for setting up as a new employer.\n\nWhen done, you\u2019ll get a letter from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) with the information you need to start working as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) contractor.\n\nIf your business is based outside the UK but you do construction work here, you follow a different registration process.\n\n## Help with registering\n\nIf you need help, call the new employer helpline or the CIS helpline.\n\nYou can also sign up for webinars and emails or watch videos from HMRC about CIS.\n\n## Verify subcontractors\n\nBefore you can pay a new subcontractor, you\u2019ll need to \u2018verify\u2019 them with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nHMRC will tell you:\n\n- whether they\u2019re registered for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS)\n\n- what rate of deduction to use or if you can pay them without making deductions\n\nYou must also verify subcontractors you\u2019ve used before if you have not included them on a CIS return in the current or last 2 tax years.\n\n## How to verify\n\nYou can verify subcontractors using:\n\n- the free HMRC CIS online service\n\n- commercial CIS software\n\nIf you need to verify more than 50 subcontractors you\u2019ll need to use commercial CIS software.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need\n\nMake sure you have:\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)\n\n- the reference number for your HMRC accounts office\n\n- your HMRC employer reference\n\nYou\u2019ll also need your subcontractor\u2019s:\n\n- UTR\n\n- National Insurance number if they\u2019re a sole trader - you cannot verify temporary numbers, which start with \u2018TN\u2019 or 2 digits\n\n- company name, company UTR and registration number if they\u2019re a limited company\n\n- nominated partner details, trading name and partnership UTR if they\u2019re a partnership\n\nThe details you provide to verify the subcontractor must exactly match the details the subcontractor used to register with HMRC.\n\n## Make deductions and pay subcontractors\n\nWhen you pay a subcontractor, you usually make some deductions from their payments.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you how much to deduct from a subcontractor\u2019s payments when you verify them.\n\nThe Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deduction rates are:\n\n- 20% for registered subcontractors\n\n- 30% for unregistered subcontractors\n\n- 0% if the subcontractor has \u2018gross payment\u2019 status - for example they do not have deductions made\n\nYou must pay these deductions to HMRC - they count as advance payments towards the subcontractor\u2019s tax and National Insurance bill.\n\n## How to make a CIS deduction\n\nTo make a deduction from a subcontractor\u2019s payment, start with the total (gross) amount of the subcontractor\u2019s invoice.\n\nTake away the amount the subcontractor has paid for:\n\n- VAT\n\n- materials\n\n- equipment which is now unusable (\u2018consumable stores\u2019)\n\n- fuel used, except for travelling\n\n- equipment hired for this job (\u2018plant hire\u2019)\n\n- manufacturing or prefabricating materials\n\nOnly deduct materials the subcontractor has paid for directly. Ask the subcontractor for evidence that they paid for the materials if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nFinally, deduct the CIS percentage rate (as given to you by HMRC) from the amount left. You\u2019ll be left with the net amount you need to pay the subcontractor.\n\n## Paying subcontractors\n\nYou usually pay your subcontractors directly. But you can pay them through a third party (such as a relative or debt company) if they ask you to.\n\nIf you make deductions, you must give the subcontractor a payment and deduction statement within 14 days of the end of each tax month.\n\n## If you\u2019re not making payments\n\nIf you know you\u2019re not going to make any payments to subcontractors for up to 6 months, you can ask for your scheme to be made \u2018inactive\u2019. HMRC will not send you any returns for that period.\n\nYou must file a return when you start paying subcontractors again.\n\n## Pay deductions to HMRC\n\nYou must pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) any deductions you\u2019ve made.\n\nHMRC will set up a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) payment scheme for you when you register as a contractor.\n\nIf you already have employees, HMRC will change your existing PAYE Scheme to a PAYE/CIS scheme. You should make one payment each month or quarter to cover your PAYE tax, National Insurance and CIS deductions.\n\n## When and how to pay\n\nPay HMRC every month by the 22nd (or the 19th if you\u2019re paying by post). You may be charged interest and penalties if you pay late.\n\nPay CIS deductions to HMRC in the same way as PAYE and National Insurance payments.\n\n## File your monthly returns\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) each month about payments you\u2019ve made to subcontractors through your monthly return.\n\nYou can file returns by using:\n\n- the HMRC CIS online service\n\n- some commercial CIS software\n\nOn your return, you must declare that the subcontractors listed are not employees.\n\nYou could get a penalty of up to \u00a33,000 if you give the wrong employment status for a subcontractor on your monthly return.\n\n## If you made no payments\n\nYou do not have to file a return for the months when you made no payments to subcontractors, but you must tell HMRC that no return is due.\n\nYou can contact HMRC to make an \u2018inactivity request if you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors. This lasts for 6 months.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if you start using subcontractors again.\n\nPhone lines are currently busier than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can use your online account to tell HMRC.\n\n## Using commercial CIS software\n\nYour return must not include any negative values if you\u2019re using commercial CIS software.\n\nIf any entries come to less than 0, you should put \u20180\u2019 instead.\n\nHMRC might ask you later to give details of any entries you\u2019ve replaced.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nSend your monthly returns to HMRC by the 19th of every month following the last tax month.\n\n## Penalties for late returns\n\nYou\u2019ll get a penalty if you miss the deadline for filing returns.\n\nThe penalty will be cancelled if you let HMRC know that you did not pay any subcontractors that month.\n\n| How late the return is | Penalty |\n\n| 1 day late | \u00a3100 |\n\n| 2 months late | \u00a3200 |\n\n| 6 months late | \u00a3300 or 5% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher |\n\n| 12 months late | \u00a3300 or 5% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher |\n\nFor returns later than this, you may be given an additional penalty of up to \u00a33,000 or 100% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher.\n\nPay your late filing penalty.\n\n## If you disagree with a penalty\n\nYou can appeal within 30 days of the date on the penalty notice:\n\n- through HMRC\u2019s online service\n\n- by writing to HMRC - quote your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) and the payment reference shown on the notice\n\n## Correcting or changing returns\n\nUse the HMRC CIS online service to change or correct something on your return.\n\nCall the CIS helpline if you need any help with this.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nUnder the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you must keep records of:\n\n- the gross amount of each payment invoiced by subcontractors, excluding VAT\n\n- any deductions you\u2019ve made from subcontractor payments\n\nIf you made deductions, you must also keep records of the costs of materials the subcontractor invoiced you for, excluding VAT.\n\nKeep these details for at least 3 years after the end of the tax year they relate to. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) could ask to see your CIS records at any time.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a33,000 if you cannot show your CIS records when asked by HMRC.\n\n## Tell HMRC about changes\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if:\n\n- you change address (as an individual or business)\n\n- you change your business structure - for example from sole trader to limited company or vice versa\n\n- a contractor dies\n\n- you\u2019re a multiple contractor and you take on another contractor\u2019s business - you must tell HMRC within 90 days\n\n## If you stop trading or using subcontractors\n\nYou must:\n\n- tell HMRC\n\n- stop filing monthly CIS reports\n\nDo this even if you\u2019ve stopped using subcontractors temporarily, for example because you\u2019re using your own employees to carry out work.\n\n## If you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors\n\nYou can contact HMRC to make an \u2018inactivity request\u2019 if you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors. This lasts for 6 months.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if you start using subcontractors again.\n\nPhone lines are currently busier than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can use your online account to tell HMRC.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-contractor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a small family owned construction company specialising in groundworks. We are looking to expand, and as part of that take on some contractors so we can work on several sites at once.", + "original_question": "Do I need to register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1468", + "question": "Scenario: I am a site manager for the site of a large property developer. We want to install a temporary canteen staffed by contractors as there are large numbers of employed workers on site right now.\n\nQuestion: Do we have to register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme for the canteen?\n\nDocument - What you must do as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) contractor:\n## Overview\n\nYou must register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if:\n\n- you pay subcontractors to do construction work\n\n- your business does not do construction work but you have spent more than \u00a33 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment\n\nYou may be a sole trader, in a partnership or own a limited company.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure if you need to register, check who is covered by CIS.\n\n## Rules you must follow\n\n- You must register for CIS before you take on your first subcontractor.\n\n- You must check if you should employ the person instead of subcontracting the work. You may get a penalty if they should be an employee instead.\n\n- Check with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that your subcontractors are registered with CIS.\n\n- When you pay subcontractors, you\u2019ll usually need to make deductions from their payments and pay the money to HMRC. Deductions count as advance payments towards the subcontractor\u2019s tax and National Insurance bill.\n\n- You\u2019ll need to file monthly returns and keep full CIS records - you may get a penalty if you do not.\n\n- You must let HMRC know about any changes to your business.\n\n## Who is covered by CIS\n\nThe Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) covers most construction work to buildings, including site preparation, decorating and refurbishment.\n\n## Mainstream contractors\n\nIf your business is construction and you pay subcontractors for construction work, you\u2019re a \u2018mainstream\u2019 contractor. This applies if you\u2019re a:\n\n- builder\n\n- labour agency\n\n- gangmaster (or gang leader)\n\n- property developer\n\n## Deemed contractors\n\nYou count as a \u2018deemed\u2019 contractor if your business does not do construction work but you have spent more than \u00a33 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment. This could apply to:\n\n- housing association or arm\u2019s length management organisations (ALMOs)\n\n- local authorities\n\n- government departments\n\nYou must monitor your construction spend if you are likely to become a deemed contractor.\n\n## Exceptions for contractors\n\nCIS does not apply if your work is:\n\n- paid for by a charity or trust\n\n- paid for by a governing body or head teacher of a maintained school on behalf of the local education authority\n\n- on the subcontractor\u2019s own property and worth less than \u00a31,000 excluding materials - you must call the CIS helpline to get an exemption\n\nCIS also does not apply if you\u2019re a deemed contractor paying for:\n\n- work on property (that is not for sale or rent) for your own business use\n\n- a construction contract worth less than \u00a31,000 excluding materials - you must call the CIS helpline to get an exemption\n\n## Construction work not covered by CIS\n\nThere are also certain jobs that are exempt from the scheme, including:\n\n- architecture and surveying\n\n- scaffolding hire (with no labour)\n\n- carpet fitting\n\n- delivering materials\n\n- work on construction sites that is clearly not construction, for example running a canteen or site facilities\n\nThe CIS guide for contractors and subcontractors explains in full what type of work is covered by CIS.\n\n## How to register\n\nTo register as a contractor, you need to follow the process for setting up as a new employer.\n\nWhen done, you\u2019ll get a letter from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) with the information you need to start working as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) contractor.\n\nIf your business is based outside the UK but you do construction work here, you follow a different registration process.\n\n## Help with registering\n\nIf you need help, call the new employer helpline or the CIS helpline.\n\nYou can also sign up for webinars and emails or watch videos from HMRC about CIS.\n\n## Verify subcontractors\n\nBefore you can pay a new subcontractor, you\u2019ll need to \u2018verify\u2019 them with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nHMRC will tell you:\n\n- whether they\u2019re registered for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS)\n\n- what rate of deduction to use or if you can pay them without making deductions\n\nYou must also verify subcontractors you\u2019ve used before if you have not included them on a CIS return in the current or last 2 tax years.\n\n## How to verify\n\nYou can verify subcontractors using:\n\n- the free HMRC CIS online service\n\n- commercial CIS software\n\nIf you need to verify more than 50 subcontractors you\u2019ll need to use commercial CIS software.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need\n\nMake sure you have:\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)\n\n- the reference number for your HMRC accounts office\n\n- your HMRC employer reference\n\nYou\u2019ll also need your subcontractor\u2019s:\n\n- UTR\n\n- National Insurance number if they\u2019re a sole trader - you cannot verify temporary numbers, which start with \u2018TN\u2019 or 2 digits\n\n- company name, company UTR and registration number if they\u2019re a limited company\n\n- nominated partner details, trading name and partnership UTR if they\u2019re a partnership\n\nThe details you provide to verify the subcontractor must exactly match the details the subcontractor used to register with HMRC.\n\n## Make deductions and pay subcontractors\n\nWhen you pay a subcontractor, you usually make some deductions from their payments.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you how much to deduct from a subcontractor\u2019s payments when you verify them.\n\nThe Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deduction rates are:\n\n- 20% for registered subcontractors\n\n- 30% for unregistered subcontractors\n\n- 0% if the subcontractor has \u2018gross payment\u2019 status - for example they do not have deductions made\n\nYou must pay these deductions to HMRC - they count as advance payments towards the subcontractor\u2019s tax and National Insurance bill.\n\n## How to make a CIS deduction\n\nTo make a deduction from a subcontractor\u2019s payment, start with the total (gross) amount of the subcontractor\u2019s invoice.\n\nTake away the amount the subcontractor has paid for:\n\n- VAT\n\n- materials\n\n- equipment which is now unusable (\u2018consumable stores\u2019)\n\n- fuel used, except for travelling\n\n- equipment hired for this job (\u2018plant hire\u2019)\n\n- manufacturing or prefabricating materials\n\nOnly deduct materials the subcontractor has paid for directly. Ask the subcontractor for evidence that they paid for the materials if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nFinally, deduct the CIS percentage rate (as given to you by HMRC) from the amount left. You\u2019ll be left with the net amount you need to pay the subcontractor.\n\n## Paying subcontractors\n\nYou usually pay your subcontractors directly. But you can pay them through a third party (such as a relative or debt company) if they ask you to.\n\nIf you make deductions, you must give the subcontractor a payment and deduction statement within 14 days of the end of each tax month.\n\n## If you\u2019re not making payments\n\nIf you know you\u2019re not going to make any payments to subcontractors for up to 6 months, you can ask for your scheme to be made \u2018inactive\u2019. HMRC will not send you any returns for that period.\n\nYou must file a return when you start paying subcontractors again.\n\n## Pay deductions to HMRC\n\nYou must pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) any deductions you\u2019ve made.\n\nHMRC will set up a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) payment scheme for you when you register as a contractor.\n\nIf you already have employees, HMRC will change your existing PAYE Scheme to a PAYE/CIS scheme. You should make one payment each month or quarter to cover your PAYE tax, National Insurance and CIS deductions.\n\n## When and how to pay\n\nPay HMRC every month by the 22nd (or the 19th if you\u2019re paying by post). You may be charged interest and penalties if you pay late.\n\nPay CIS deductions to HMRC in the same way as PAYE and National Insurance payments.\n\n## File your monthly returns\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) each month about payments you\u2019ve made to subcontractors through your monthly return.\n\nYou can file returns by using:\n\n- the HMRC CIS online service\n\n- some commercial CIS software\n\nOn your return, you must declare that the subcontractors listed are not employees.\n\nYou could get a penalty of up to \u00a33,000 if you give the wrong employment status for a subcontractor on your monthly return.\n\n## If you made no payments\n\nYou do not have to file a return for the months when you made no payments to subcontractors, but you must tell HMRC that no return is due.\n\nYou can contact HMRC to make an \u2018inactivity request if you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors. This lasts for 6 months.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if you start using subcontractors again.\n\nPhone lines are currently busier than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can use your online account to tell HMRC.\n\n## Using commercial CIS software\n\nYour return must not include any negative values if you\u2019re using commercial CIS software.\n\nIf any entries come to less than 0, you should put \u20180\u2019 instead.\n\nHMRC might ask you later to give details of any entries you\u2019ve replaced.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nSend your monthly returns to HMRC by the 19th of every month following the last tax month.\n\n## Penalties for late returns\n\nYou\u2019ll get a penalty if you miss the deadline for filing returns.\n\nThe penalty will be cancelled if you let HMRC know that you did not pay any subcontractors that month.\n\n| How late the return is | Penalty |\n\n| 1 day late | \u00a3100 |\n\n| 2 months late | \u00a3200 |\n\n| 6 months late | \u00a3300 or 5% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher |\n\n| 12 months late | \u00a3300 or 5% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher |\n\nFor returns later than this, you may be given an additional penalty of up to \u00a33,000 or 100% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher.\n\nPay your late filing penalty.\n\n## If you disagree with a penalty\n\nYou can appeal within 30 days of the date on the penalty notice:\n\n- through HMRC\u2019s online service\n\n- by writing to HMRC - quote your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) and the payment reference shown on the notice\n\n## Correcting or changing returns\n\nUse the HMRC CIS online service to change or correct something on your return.\n\nCall the CIS helpline if you need any help with this.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nUnder the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you must keep records of:\n\n- the gross amount of each payment invoiced by subcontractors, excluding VAT\n\n- any deductions you\u2019ve made from subcontractor payments\n\nIf you made deductions, you must also keep records of the costs of materials the subcontractor invoiced you for, excluding VAT.\n\nKeep these details for at least 3 years after the end of the tax year they relate to. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) could ask to see your CIS records at any time.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a33,000 if you cannot show your CIS records when asked by HMRC.\n\n## Tell HMRC about changes\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if:\n\n- you change address (as an individual or business)\n\n- you change your business structure - for example from sole trader to limited company or vice versa\n\n- a contractor dies\n\n- you\u2019re a multiple contractor and you take on another contractor\u2019s business - you must tell HMRC within 90 days\n\n## If you stop trading or using subcontractors\n\nYou must:\n\n- tell HMRC\n\n- stop filing monthly CIS reports\n\nDo this even if you\u2019ve stopped using subcontractors temporarily, for example because you\u2019re using your own employees to carry out work.\n\n## If you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors\n\nYou can contact HMRC to make an \u2018inactivity request\u2019 if you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors. This lasts for 6 months.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if you start using subcontractors again.\n\nPhone lines are currently busier than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can use your online account to tell HMRC.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-contractor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a site manager for the site of a large property developer. We want to install a temporary canteen staffed by contractors as there are large numbers of employed workers on site right now.", + "original_question": "Do we have to register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme for the canteen?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1469", + "question": "Scenario: I am on a permanent job and receive an income of more than \u00a360,000. I pay a tax of more than \u00a37000. I want to help a charity who use the money for a cancer research\n\nQuestion: As I tax already deducted thru PAYE , Can the charity reclaim my tax money ?\n\nDocument - Charities and tax:\n## Overview\n\nAs a charity you can get certain tax reliefs. To benefit you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nCharities do not pay tax on most types of income as long as they use the money for charitable purposes.\n\nYou can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on bank interest and donations (this is known as Gift Aid).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## When you need to pay tax\n\nYour charity may need to pay tax if you\u2019ve:\n\n- received income that does not qualify for tax relief\n\n- spent any of your income on non-charitable purposes\n\nYou need to complete a tax return if your charity has tax to pay.\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) get different tax reliefs.\n\n## Tax reliefs for charities\n\nAs a charity you do not pay tax on most of your income and gains if you use it for charitable purposes - this is known as \u2018charitable expenditure\u2019.\n\nThis includes tax:\n\n- on donations\n\n- on profits from trading\n\n- on rental or investment income, for example bank interest\n\n- on profits when you sell or \u2018dispose of\u2019 an asset, like property or shares\n\n- when you buy property\n\nTo get tax relief you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) get different tax reliefs.\n\n## When you do pay tax\n\nCharities pay tax on:\n\n- dividends received from UK companies before 6 April 2016\n\n- profits from developing land or property\n\n- purchases - but there are special VAT rules for charities\n\nCharities pay business rates on non-domestic buildings, but they get an 80% discount.\n\nYou must pay tax on any money you do not use for charitable purposes. This is known as \u2018non-charitable expenditure\u2019.\n\n## Pay tax\n\nYou must complete a tax return if your charity needs to pay tax or if HMRC asks you to.\n\n## Reclaim tax\n\nYou can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on:\n\n- donations (this is known as Gift Aid)\n\n- bank interest\n\n## Get recognition for tax purposes\n\nTo get tax relief your charity must be:\n\n- based in the UK, EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Norway\n\n- established for charitable purposes only\n\n- registered with the Charity Commission or another regulator, if this applies to you\n\n- run by \u2018fit and proper persons\u2019\n\n- recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n## Apply for recognition\n\nRegister your charity\u2019s details using HMRC\u2019s online service.\n\n## Reclaim tax\n\nIf you receive income with tax deducted, for example donations you can claim Gift Aid on, you can claim it back:\n\n- online, using the Charities Online service\n\n- through software that works with Charities Online\n\n- by post, using form ChR1 - call the helpline to order it\n\n## Bank interest\n\nYou can arrange to receive interest without tax deducted. Show your bank your letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nIf tax has already been taken from your interest you can claim it back for:\n\n- the current tax year by asking your bank\n\n- previous tax years by claiming it from HMRC\n\n## Pay tax\n\nIf your charity has income that does not qualify for tax relief you must complete a tax return.\n\nIf you have no tax to pay, complete a tax return only if HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) asks you to.\n\nIf your charity\u2019s income is over \u00a310,000 you must submit an annual return to the Charity Commission.\n\n## Company Tax Returns\n\nComplete a Company Tax Return if your charity is a limited company or unincorporated association. Include the supplementary pages for charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs).\n\nA charity is a limited company if it was set up by a:\n\n- constitution\n\n- memorandum and articles of association\n\n- royal charter or Act of Parliament\n\nLimited companies must also send annual accounts to Companies House.\n\n## Trusts\n\nComplete a Trust and Estate Self Assessment tax return if your charity is a trust. A charity is a trust if it was set up by a trust deed or will.\n\n## Penalties and deadlines\n\nYou must complete a tax return when HMRC asks you to, even if no tax is due.\n\nYou may have to pay a penalty if your tax return is late or you do not complete one when you should.\n\nThe deadline depends on whether you complete a Company Tax Return or a Self Assessment tax return.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charities-and-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am on a permanent job and receive an income of more than \u00a360,000. I pay a tax of more than \u00a37000. I want to help a charity who use the money for a cancer research", + "original_question": "As I tax already deducted thru PAYE , Can the charity reclaim my tax money ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1470", + "question": "Scenario: We recently build a religious building and worshiped by many in my. neighbourhood. We been registered as an charity as well. People come for worship have donated money\n\nQuestion: Do we have to pay tax on the donation money received from worshippers ?\n\nDocument - Charities and tax:\n## Overview\n\nAs a charity you can get certain tax reliefs. To benefit you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nCharities do not pay tax on most types of income as long as they use the money for charitable purposes.\n\nYou can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on bank interest and donations (this is known as Gift Aid).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## When you need to pay tax\n\nYour charity may need to pay tax if you\u2019ve:\n\n- received income that does not qualify for tax relief\n\n- spent any of your income on non-charitable purposes\n\nYou need to complete a tax return if your charity has tax to pay.\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) get different tax reliefs.\n\n## Tax reliefs for charities\n\nAs a charity you do not pay tax on most of your income and gains if you use it for charitable purposes - this is known as \u2018charitable expenditure\u2019.\n\nThis includes tax:\n\n- on donations\n\n- on profits from trading\n\n- on rental or investment income, for example bank interest\n\n- on profits when you sell or \u2018dispose of\u2019 an asset, like property or shares\n\n- when you buy property\n\nTo get tax relief you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) get different tax reliefs.\n\n## When you do pay tax\n\nCharities pay tax on:\n\n- dividends received from UK companies before 6 April 2016\n\n- profits from developing land or property\n\n- purchases - but there are special VAT rules for charities\n\nCharities pay business rates on non-domestic buildings, but they get an 80% discount.\n\nYou must pay tax on any money you do not use for charitable purposes. This is known as \u2018non-charitable expenditure\u2019.\n\n## Pay tax\n\nYou must complete a tax return if your charity needs to pay tax or if HMRC asks you to.\n\n## Reclaim tax\n\nYou can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on:\n\n- donations (this is known as Gift Aid)\n\n- bank interest\n\n## Get recognition for tax purposes\n\nTo get tax relief your charity must be:\n\n- based in the UK, EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Norway\n\n- established for charitable purposes only\n\n- registered with the Charity Commission or another regulator, if this applies to you\n\n- run by \u2018fit and proper persons\u2019\n\n- recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n## Apply for recognition\n\nRegister your charity\u2019s details using HMRC\u2019s online service.\n\n## Reclaim tax\n\nIf you receive income with tax deducted, for example donations you can claim Gift Aid on, you can claim it back:\n\n- online, using the Charities Online service\n\n- through software that works with Charities Online\n\n- by post, using form ChR1 - call the helpline to order it\n\n## Bank interest\n\nYou can arrange to receive interest without tax deducted. Show your bank your letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nIf tax has already been taken from your interest you can claim it back for:\n\n- the current tax year by asking your bank\n\n- previous tax years by claiming it from HMRC\n\n## Pay tax\n\nIf your charity has income that does not qualify for tax relief you must complete a tax return.\n\nIf you have no tax to pay, complete a tax return only if HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) asks you to.\n\nIf your charity\u2019s income is over \u00a310,000 you must submit an annual return to the Charity Commission.\n\n## Company Tax Returns\n\nComplete a Company Tax Return if your charity is a limited company or unincorporated association. Include the supplementary pages for charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs).\n\nA charity is a limited company if it was set up by a:\n\n- constitution\n\n- memorandum and articles of association\n\n- royal charter or Act of Parliament\n\nLimited companies must also send annual accounts to Companies House.\n\n## Trusts\n\nComplete a Trust and Estate Self Assessment tax return if your charity is a trust. A charity is a trust if it was set up by a trust deed or will.\n\n## Penalties and deadlines\n\nYou must complete a tax return when HMRC asks you to, even if no tax is due.\n\nYou may have to pay a penalty if your tax return is late or you do not complete one when you should.\n\nThe deadline depends on whether you complete a Company Tax Return or a Self Assessment tax return.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charities-and-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We recently build a religious building and worshiped by many in my. neighbourhood. We been registered as an charity as well. People come for worship have donated money", + "original_question": "Do we have to pay tax on the donation money received from worshippers ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1471", + "question": "Scenario: I buy and sell goods online and this forms the major part of my income. I want to protect myself against potential complaints on unsatisfactory services.\n\nQuestion: Can I add terms on user's satisfaction to avoid such potential complaints?\n\nDocument - Avoid unfair terms in sales contracts:\n## Overview\n\nYour standard sales contracts must be \u2018fair\u2019 or you won\u2019t be able to enforce them.\n\nThere are different rules on what\u2019s fair for:\n\n- consumer contracts\n\n- business contracts\n\nYou\u2019re legally responsible for certain situations, eg when goods you sell are faulty. You must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible.\n\nYou have more responsibilities towards consumers than towards other businesses.\n\n## Customers\u2019 rights\n\nYour customers also have implied rights when buying your goods or services, unless the contract legally states otherwise.\n\n## Unfair consumer contracts\n\nYou can\u2019t enforce unfair terms in a consumer contract, or unfair consumer notices (eg signs on a shop wall or in a car park).\n\nYou can never enforce terms or notices that try to avoid your responsibility for:\n\n- death\n\n- injury\n\n- faulty goods\n\n- goods that aren\u2019t as described\n\n- selling goods that aren\u2019t yours to sell\n\nYou might not be able to enforce terms or notices if they try to avoid your responsibility in other ways, eg:\n\n- delays\n\n- unsatisfactory services\n\n- not doing what was agreed\n\nYour contract terms might also be unfair if they weigh the contract significantly in your favour, eg:\n\n- by providing for excessive cancellation charges and automatic loss of all upfront payments\n\n- by creating unbalanced rights, eg being able to cancel a contract at any time, but requiring the customer to give 3 months\u2019 notice\n\n- by allowing you to increase the agreed price at a later date\n\nYour contract won\u2019t be unfair just because it sets a price that\u2019s higher than another business charges.\n\nContracts must be written in plain language to avoid being misleading and unfair.\n\n## If a customer complains\n\nIt\u2019s up to the courts to decide if a term in your contract or wording in your notices is unfair.\n\nYou can be taken to court by the Competition and Markets Authority or a local trading standards office to stop you using unfair terms or notices.\n\nConsumers can also take legal action themselves to challenge unfair terms or notices.\n\nRead the guidance on unfair terms.\n\n## Unfair business contracts\n\nYour standard contract would be unfair if you try to not take responsibility for:\n\n- death or injury - under any circumstances\n\n- losses caused by negligence - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019\n\n- defective or poor quality goods - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019\n\nYou must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible for these things.\n\n## What is reasonable\n\nIt\u2019s up to the courts to decide what is reasonable.\n\nCourts will take into account:\n\n- the information available to both parties when the contract was drawn up\n\n- if the contract was negotiated or in standard form\n\n- if the buyer had the bargaining power to negotiate better terms\n\n## Implied and statutory rights\n\nYour customers have implied rights when buying your goods or services.\n\nSome implied rights are also known as \u2018statutory rights\u2019.\n\n## Products\n\nImplied rights mean a product must be:\n\n- as described\n\n- of satisfactory quality, eg safe, in working order, free of defects\n\n- fit for purpose - capable of doing what the customer has asked for\n\nContracts for hiring, hire purchase and part exchange also have these implied rights.\n\nConsumers always have these implied rights when buying goods - the contract can\u2019t legally state otherwise.\n\n## Services\n\nImplied rights mean services must be carried out:\n\n- with reasonable care and skill\n\n- within a reasonable time (if no specific time has been agreed)\n\n- for a reasonable charge (if no exact price has been agreed)\n\nYou\u2019re unlikely to be able to enforce terms in a consumer contract for services if they try to deny a customer\u2019s implied rights.\n\n## Business contracts\n\nYour business customers have implied rights unless the contract legally states otherwise in a way a court would decide is reasonable.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unfair-terms-in-sales-contracts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I buy and sell goods online and this forms the major part of my income. I want to protect myself against potential complaints on unsatisfactory services.", + "original_question": "Can I add terms on user's satisfaction to avoid such potential complaints?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1472", + "question": "Scenario: I recently bought a car online and it immediately broke down when I got it home. The vendor is refusing to interact with me because they claim in their terms that they will not be responsible to the car if it has left their store.\n\nQuestion: Can I make a complaint?\n\nDocument - Avoid unfair terms in sales contracts:\n## Overview\n\nYour standard sales contracts must be \u2018fair\u2019 or you won\u2019t be able to enforce them.\n\nThere are different rules on what\u2019s fair for:\n\n- consumer contracts\n\n- business contracts\n\nYou\u2019re legally responsible for certain situations, eg when goods you sell are faulty. You must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible.\n\nYou have more responsibilities towards consumers than towards other businesses.\n\n## Customers\u2019 rights\n\nYour customers also have implied rights when buying your goods or services, unless the contract legally states otherwise.\n\n## Unfair consumer contracts\n\nYou can\u2019t enforce unfair terms in a consumer contract, or unfair consumer notices (eg signs on a shop wall or in a car park).\n\nYou can never enforce terms or notices that try to avoid your responsibility for:\n\n- death\n\n- injury\n\n- faulty goods\n\n- goods that aren\u2019t as described\n\n- selling goods that aren\u2019t yours to sell\n\nYou might not be able to enforce terms or notices if they try to avoid your responsibility in other ways, eg:\n\n- delays\n\n- unsatisfactory services\n\n- not doing what was agreed\n\nYour contract terms might also be unfair if they weigh the contract significantly in your favour, eg:\n\n- by providing for excessive cancellation charges and automatic loss of all upfront payments\n\n- by creating unbalanced rights, eg being able to cancel a contract at any time, but requiring the customer to give 3 months\u2019 notice\n\n- by allowing you to increase the agreed price at a later date\n\nYour contract won\u2019t be unfair just because it sets a price that\u2019s higher than another business charges.\n\nContracts must be written in plain language to avoid being misleading and unfair.\n\n## If a customer complains\n\nIt\u2019s up to the courts to decide if a term in your contract or wording in your notices is unfair.\n\nYou can be taken to court by the Competition and Markets Authority or a local trading standards office to stop you using unfair terms or notices.\n\nConsumers can also take legal action themselves to challenge unfair terms or notices.\n\nRead the guidance on unfair terms.\n\n## Unfair business contracts\n\nYour standard contract would be unfair if you try to not take responsibility for:\n\n- death or injury - under any circumstances\n\n- losses caused by negligence - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019\n\n- defective or poor quality goods - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019\n\nYou must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible for these things.\n\n## What is reasonable\n\nIt\u2019s up to the courts to decide what is reasonable.\n\nCourts will take into account:\n\n- the information available to both parties when the contract was drawn up\n\n- if the contract was negotiated or in standard form\n\n- if the buyer had the bargaining power to negotiate better terms\n\n## Implied and statutory rights\n\nYour customers have implied rights when buying your goods or services.\n\nSome implied rights are also known as \u2018statutory rights\u2019.\n\n## Products\n\nImplied rights mean a product must be:\n\n- as described\n\n- of satisfactory quality, eg safe, in working order, free of defects\n\n- fit for purpose - capable of doing what the customer has asked for\n\nContracts for hiring, hire purchase and part exchange also have these implied rights.\n\nConsumers always have these implied rights when buying goods - the contract can\u2019t legally state otherwise.\n\n## Services\n\nImplied rights mean services must be carried out:\n\n- with reasonable care and skill\n\n- within a reasonable time (if no specific time has been agreed)\n\n- for a reasonable charge (if no exact price has been agreed)\n\nYou\u2019re unlikely to be able to enforce terms in a consumer contract for services if they try to deny a customer\u2019s implied rights.\n\n## Business contracts\n\nYour business customers have implied rights unless the contract legally states otherwise in a way a court would decide is reasonable.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unfair-terms-in-sales-contracts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently bought a car online and it immediately broke down when I got it home. The vendor is refusing to interact with me because they claim in their terms that they will not be responsible to the car if it has left their store.", + "original_question": "Can I make a complaint?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1475", + "question": "Scenario: I have 4 different arcade games machines in my pub and they all cost different amounts to play.\n\nQuestion: do I have to pay different machine games duty depending on the cost to play?\n\nDocument - Machine Games Duty:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) if there are machines that give cash prizes on your premises. You pay duty on:\n\n- slot and fruit machines, and other gaming machines\n\n- quiz machines and other \u2018skill with prize\u2019 machines\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou do not pay it on machines where the prize is less than the cost to play, or on takings from charity events, tournaments, lottery machines or if the machine is for domestic use.\n\nYour takings from machine games will be exempt from VAT if you pay MGD.\n\nIf you\u2019re responsible for MGD you\u2019ll need to register, send regular returns, pay duty and keep records.\n\n## Who\u2019s responsible for registering and paying\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility if you hold any of the following licences:\n\n- premises licence, for example for gambling or alcohol\n\n- family entertainment centre gaming machine permit\n\n- club premises certificate, a club gaming permit or club machine permit\n\n- prize gaming permit or amusement permit\n\n- registration certificate including a club registration certificate\n\n- bookmaking office licence or bingo club licence\n\n- licence to sell alcohol in Northern Ireland\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re the tenant of a pub. You\u2019re responsible for MGD, not the premises licence owner (usually the pub\u2019s owner). When you stop being the tenant, you need to cancel your registration.\n\nYou are not responsible for MGD if you supply the machines, unless you also hold the licence or permit for the premises.\n\nIf your premises does not have a licence, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask someone else, usually the manager or owner, to register and pay the duty.\n\nYou may have to pay a penalty if you do not register when you should.\n\n## Register\n\nRegister for Machine Games Duty (MGD) at least 14 days before you make your machines available to play.\n\nYou register by adding MGD to your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) account. If you do not have one (or only have an account for personal tax), create an account as an organisation.\n\nTo register for MGD, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- any licence or permit numbers for your premises\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR), if you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment or Corporation Tax\n\n- your VAT number, if you\u2019re registered for VAT\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- to know how many machines you have\n\n- your accountant\u2019s MGD agent reference number and postcode, if you want them to file returns on your behalf\n\nRegister now\n\n## After you\u2019ve registered\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep accurate records to show:\n\n- how you worked out the figures for your return\n\n- that the amount you\u2019ve paid is correct\n\nKeep your records for 4 years as HMRC might ask to see them.\n\n## If you want to file paper returns\n\nFill in and send the registration form if you want to file paper returns.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nYou pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) on the total net takings from your machine games.\n\nThis is what you charge to play the games minus the amount you pay as winnings, including non-cash prizes.\n\nYou do not pay it on takings from charity events, tournaments, lottery machines or if the machine is for domestic use.\n\n## MGD rates\n\n| | Cost to play | Prize | Rate you pay |\n\n| Machine type 1 - lower rate | 20 pence or less | \u00a310 or less | 5% |\n\n| Machine type 2 - standard rate | 21 pence to \u00a35 | \u00a311 or more | 20% |\n\n| All other machine types - higher rate | More than \u00a35 | Any | 25% |\n\nIf your machine has more than one type of game, you pay the rate for the highest rated game on all takings from the machine.\n\n## File your return\n\nYou must file a Machine Games Duty (MGD) return every 3 months.\n\nYour return is due within 30 days of the end of the accounting period. You\u2019ll get a reminder if you included your email address when you registered online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- records of your total net takings from machine games\n\n- details of how you worked out the figures\n\nYou still fill in a return even if you do not owe anything, or your business has not traded during this accounting period. This can be for any reason, including if you\u2019ve closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Enter \u20180\u2019 in all boxes.\n\nFile your return\n\n## If you chose to file using paper forms\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you paper forms when your return is due. If you do not receive them, contact the helpline.\n\n## After you\u2019ve filed your return\n\nPay your Machine Games Duty bill within 30 days of the end of your accounting period.\n\nYou may have to pay a penalty if your return or payment is late. HMRC can also charge you an estimate of what you owe.\n\n## Change your details\n\nSign in to the Machine Games Duty (MGD) service to:\n\n- change your contact address or other details\n\n- cancel your registration if you\u2019ve stopped trading, no longer have machine games or want to be registered as part of a group of companies\n\n- add, change or remove an authorised agent to file returns for you\n\nYou can also contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by phone or post. You\u2019ll need to tell them your registration number.\n\n## Switch to file online instead of sending paper returns\n\nIf you already have an HMRC online account, sign in to add the MGD service.\n\nOtherwise, register for an HMRC account and sign up for MGD.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/machine-game-duty", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have 4 different arcade games machines in my pub and they all cost different amounts to play.", + "original_question": "do I have to pay different machine games duty depending on the cost to play?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1476", + "question": "Scenario: I have just taken over the rent for a small shop in Birmingham for my business. It seems that the business rates due are ridiculously high.\n\nQuestion: Is there any way of getting the property rateable value corrected?\n\nDocument - Business rates:\n## Overview\n\nBusiness rates are charged on most non-domestic properties, like:\n\n- shops\n\n- offices\n\n- pubs\n\n- warehouses\n\n- factories\n\n- holiday rental homes or guest houses\n\nYou\u2019ll probably have to pay business rates if you use a building or part of a building for non-domestic purposes.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What to pay and when\n\nYour local council will send you a business rates bill in February or March each year. This is for the following tax year. You can also estimate your business rates bill.\n\nYou can get help with business rates from:\n\n- your council if you have questions about your bill\n\n- the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you think your \u2018rateable value\u2019 is wrong\n\n## Relief schemes\n\nYou may be able to get business rates relief from your local council to reduce your bill. This is sometimes automatic, but you may need to apply.\n\nThe process depends on whether you\u2019re in England or Wales.\n\n## Who does not need to pay\n\nCertain properties are exempt from business rates, for example farm buildings or places used for the welfare of disabled people.\n\n## If you own a stable\n\nYou usually need to pay business rates on your stables, unless you use your horses for farming.\n\nYou may pay Council Tax instead if your stables are in your garden. Contact VOA to check if you\u2019re not sure which you should pay.\n\n## How your rates are calculated\n\nBusiness rates are worked out based on your property\u2019s \u2018rateable value\u2019.\n\nThis is its open market rental value on 1 April 2015, based on an estimate by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\nYou can estimate your business rates by multiplying the rateable value by the correct \u2018multiplier\u2019 (an amount set by central government).\n\nYour bill will be reduced if your property\u2019s eligible for business rates relief.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you think your rates are wrong\n\nYou can ask for your property\u2019s rateable value to be corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to provide rental information\n\nThe VOA may ask you to provide rental information about your property so they can work out its rateable value.\n\nContact the VOA if you need more time to send in your rental information.\n\n## Revaluation\n\nAt revaluation, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) adjusts the rateable value of business properties to reflect changes in the property market.\n\nIt usually happens every 5 years. The most recent revaluation came into effect in England and Wales on 1 April 2017, based on rateable values from 1 April 2015.\n\nYou can check your valuation when you estimate your business rates.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What happens at revaluation\n\nAt revaluation:\n\n- all properties are given a new rateable value\n\n- multipliers are revised\n\nThis means that a change in your rateable value does not always mean a change in your bill.\n\nTo make sure your valuations are accurate, you may need to give VOA up-to-date rental evidence for your property at revaluation.\n\n## Get business rates relief\n\nYou may be able to get a discount from your local council if you\u2019re eligible for business rates relief.\n\nFor example you may be able to get:\n\n- transitional relief so that changes to your bill as a result of revaluation are phased in gradually\n\n- small business relief so that you pay no business rates if your rateable value is below \u00a315,000\n\n## Get help with business rates\n\nYou may be able to get a discount from your local council on your business rates if you\u2019re eligible for one or more business rates relief schemes.\n\nFor help with your property\u2019s rateable value, contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\nFor help with your business rates bill (for example to pay in instalments) or rate relief, contact your council.\n\n## Get professional advice\n\nYou can also get help from a qualified rating surveyor through one of the following organisations:\n\n- Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS)\n\n- Institute of Revenues, Rating and Valuation (IRRV)\n\n- Rating Surveyors Association\n\nYou may be charged for any advice you get from a rating surveyor right from the start.\n\nYou can call the RICS enquiry line for advice. The first 30 minutes are free.\n\n## If your business or premises change\n\nYour business rates could change if:\n\n- you move or make changes to your premises\n\n- the nature of your business changes\n\n- you sublet part of your property\n\n- you merge 2 or more properties into 1\n\nYou must report any changes to ensure you\u2019re paying the right amount and do not get a backdated increase in your bill.\n\nReport changes using the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) service in England or Wales.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\n## If your premises are affected by local disruption\n\nYou may get a temporary reduction in your business rates if your premises are affected by severe local disruption (like flooding, building or roadworks).\n\nReport changes using the VOA service.\n\n## Working at home\n\nYou do not usually have to pay business rates for home-based businesses if you:\n\n- use a small part of your home for your business, for example if you use a bedroom as an office\n\n- sell goods by post\n\nYou may need to pay business rates as well as Council Tax if:\n\n- your property is part business and part domestic, for example if you live above your shop\n\n- you sell goods or services to people who visit your property\n\n- you employ other people to work at your property\n\n- you\u2019ve made changes to your home for your business, for example converted a garage to a hairdresser\u2019s\n\nContact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) to find out if you should be paying business rates. In Scotland, contact your local assessor.\n\n## Pubs and licensed trade\n\nIn England and Wales, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) works out your rateable value based on the annual level of trade (excluding VAT) that a pub is expected to achieve if operated in a reasonably efficient way.\n\nThis is called \u2018fair maintainable trade\u2019 and it\u2019s based on:\n\n- the type of pub or licensed premises\n\n- the area it\u2019s in\n\n- the services it offers, for example food, gaming, or sports screenings\n\nThe VOA also looks at rents and turnovers to work out the fair maintainable trade figure, then applies a percentage to work out the rateable value.\n\nThe percentages are agreed with the British Beer and Pub Association and they\u2019re in the VOA\u2019s pub guide.\n\nYou can read more about how the VOA values pubs and other licensed premises for business rates.\n\nContact the VOA if you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used.\n\nYou can also find and check your business rates valuation online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide details of turnover (excluding VAT) for all sources, such as liquor, food and gaming.\n\nYou can also use the online contact VOA service.\n\n## Scotland\n\nIn Scotland, your local assessor works out your rateable value.\n\nIf you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used, contact your local assessor.\n\n## Self-catering and holiday let accommodation\n\nIf your property is in England and available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year, it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates.\n\nIf your property is in Wales it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates if it\u2019s both:\n\n- available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year\n\n- actually let for 70 days\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland.\n\nThe Valuation Office will work out the rateable value of your property based on its type, size, location, quality and how much income you\u2019re likely to make from letting it.\n\nIf you only let one property and its rateable value is less than \u00a315,000 you may be eligible for small business rate relief.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just taken over the rent for a small shop in Birmingham for my business. It seems that the business rates due are ridiculously high.", + "original_question": "Is there any way of getting the property rateable value corrected?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1477", + "question": "Scenario: I am a farmer in Oxfordshire. The farm includes several stable blocks. I rent out some of the stable space to nearby horse owners.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to pay business rates on the stables?\n\nDocument - Business rates:\n## Overview\n\nBusiness rates are charged on most non-domestic properties, like:\n\n- shops\n\n- offices\n\n- pubs\n\n- warehouses\n\n- factories\n\n- holiday rental homes or guest houses\n\nYou\u2019ll probably have to pay business rates if you use a building or part of a building for non-domestic purposes.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What to pay and when\n\nYour local council will send you a business rates bill in February or March each year. This is for the following tax year. You can also estimate your business rates bill.\n\nYou can get help with business rates from:\n\n- your council if you have questions about your bill\n\n- the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you think your \u2018rateable value\u2019 is wrong\n\n## Relief schemes\n\nYou may be able to get business rates relief from your local council to reduce your bill. This is sometimes automatic, but you may need to apply.\n\nThe process depends on whether you\u2019re in England or Wales.\n\n## Who does not need to pay\n\nCertain properties are exempt from business rates, for example farm buildings or places used for the welfare of disabled people.\n\n## If you own a stable\n\nYou usually need to pay business rates on your stables, unless you use your horses for farming.\n\nYou may pay Council Tax instead if your stables are in your garden. Contact VOA to check if you\u2019re not sure which you should pay.\n\n## How your rates are calculated\n\nBusiness rates are worked out based on your property\u2019s \u2018rateable value\u2019.\n\nThis is its open market rental value on 1 April 2015, based on an estimate by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\nYou can estimate your business rates by multiplying the rateable value by the correct \u2018multiplier\u2019 (an amount set by central government).\n\nYour bill will be reduced if your property\u2019s eligible for business rates relief.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you think your rates are wrong\n\nYou can ask for your property\u2019s rateable value to be corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to provide rental information\n\nThe VOA may ask you to provide rental information about your property so they can work out its rateable value.\n\nContact the VOA if you need more time to send in your rental information.\n\n## Revaluation\n\nAt revaluation, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) adjusts the rateable value of business properties to reflect changes in the property market.\n\nIt usually happens every 5 years. The most recent revaluation came into effect in England and Wales on 1 April 2017, based on rateable values from 1 April 2015.\n\nYou can check your valuation when you estimate your business rates.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What happens at revaluation\n\nAt revaluation:\n\n- all properties are given a new rateable value\n\n- multipliers are revised\n\nThis means that a change in your rateable value does not always mean a change in your bill.\n\nTo make sure your valuations are accurate, you may need to give VOA up-to-date rental evidence for your property at revaluation.\n\n## Get business rates relief\n\nYou may be able to get a discount from your local council if you\u2019re eligible for business rates relief.\n\nFor example you may be able to get:\n\n- transitional relief so that changes to your bill as a result of revaluation are phased in gradually\n\n- small business relief so that you pay no business rates if your rateable value is below \u00a315,000\n\n## Get help with business rates\n\nYou may be able to get a discount from your local council on your business rates if you\u2019re eligible for one or more business rates relief schemes.\n\nFor help with your property\u2019s rateable value, contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\nFor help with your business rates bill (for example to pay in instalments) or rate relief, contact your council.\n\n## Get professional advice\n\nYou can also get help from a qualified rating surveyor through one of the following organisations:\n\n- Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS)\n\n- Institute of Revenues, Rating and Valuation (IRRV)\n\n- Rating Surveyors Association\n\nYou may be charged for any advice you get from a rating surveyor right from the start.\n\nYou can call the RICS enquiry line for advice. The first 30 minutes are free.\n\n## If your business or premises change\n\nYour business rates could change if:\n\n- you move or make changes to your premises\n\n- the nature of your business changes\n\n- you sublet part of your property\n\n- you merge 2 or more properties into 1\n\nYou must report any changes to ensure you\u2019re paying the right amount and do not get a backdated increase in your bill.\n\nReport changes using the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) service in England or Wales.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\n## If your premises are affected by local disruption\n\nYou may get a temporary reduction in your business rates if your premises are affected by severe local disruption (like flooding, building or roadworks).\n\nReport changes using the VOA service.\n\n## Working at home\n\nYou do not usually have to pay business rates for home-based businesses if you:\n\n- use a small part of your home for your business, for example if you use a bedroom as an office\n\n- sell goods by post\n\nYou may need to pay business rates as well as Council Tax if:\n\n- your property is part business and part domestic, for example if you live above your shop\n\n- you sell goods or services to people who visit your property\n\n- you employ other people to work at your property\n\n- you\u2019ve made changes to your home for your business, for example converted a garage to a hairdresser\u2019s\n\nContact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) to find out if you should be paying business rates. In Scotland, contact your local assessor.\n\n## Pubs and licensed trade\n\nIn England and Wales, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) works out your rateable value based on the annual level of trade (excluding VAT) that a pub is expected to achieve if operated in a reasonably efficient way.\n\nThis is called \u2018fair maintainable trade\u2019 and it\u2019s based on:\n\n- the type of pub or licensed premises\n\n- the area it\u2019s in\n\n- the services it offers, for example food, gaming, or sports screenings\n\nThe VOA also looks at rents and turnovers to work out the fair maintainable trade figure, then applies a percentage to work out the rateable value.\n\nThe percentages are agreed with the British Beer and Pub Association and they\u2019re in the VOA\u2019s pub guide.\n\nYou can read more about how the VOA values pubs and other licensed premises for business rates.\n\nContact the VOA if you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used.\n\nYou can also find and check your business rates valuation online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide details of turnover (excluding VAT) for all sources, such as liquor, food and gaming.\n\nYou can also use the online contact VOA service.\n\n## Scotland\n\nIn Scotland, your local assessor works out your rateable value.\n\nIf you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used, contact your local assessor.\n\n## Self-catering and holiday let accommodation\n\nIf your property is in England and available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year, it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates.\n\nIf your property is in Wales it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates if it\u2019s both:\n\n- available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year\n\n- actually let for 70 days\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland.\n\nThe Valuation Office will work out the rateable value of your property based on its type, size, location, quality and how much income you\u2019re likely to make from letting it.\n\nIf you only let one property and its rateable value is less than \u00a315,000 you may be eligible for small business rate relief.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a farmer in Oxfordshire. The farm includes several stable blocks. I rent out some of the stable space to nearby horse owners.", + "original_question": "Do I need to pay business rates on the stables?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1478", + "question": "Scenario: I have a VAT registered business and sell hand gloves. I got some samples from a company for my staffs and loyal customers to test the product so I can place a bulk order\n\nQuestion: Do I have to pay VAT on the products that I received as samples ?\n\nDocument - Businesses and charging VAT:\n## How VAT works\n\nYou can only charge VAT if your business is registered for VAT.\n\nVAT is charged on things like:\n\n- business sales - for example when you sell goods and services\n\n- hiring or loaning goods to someone\n\n- selling business assets\n\n- commission\n\n- items sold to staff - for example canteen meals\n\n- business goods used for personal reasons\n\n- \u2018non-sales\u2019 like bartering, part-exchange and gifts\n\nThese are known as \u2018taxable supplies\u2019. There are different rules for charities.\n\n## Responsibilities\n\nVAT-registered businesses:\n\n- must charge VAT on their goods or services\n\n- may reclaim any VAT they\u2019ve paid on business-related goods or services\n\n- must account for import VAT on their VAT return if they use import VAT this way (known as \u2018postponed VAT accounting\u2019)\n\nIf you\u2019re a VAT-registered business you must report to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) the amount of VAT you\u2019ve charged and the amount of VAT you\u2019ve paid. This is done through your VAT Return which is usually due every 3 months.\n\nYou may want to appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.\n\nYou must account for VAT on the full value of what you sell, even if you:\n\n- receive goods or services instead of money (for example if you take something in part-exchange)\n\n- haven\u2019t charged any VAT to the customer - whatever price you charge is treated as including VAT\n\nIf you\u2019ve charged more VAT than you\u2019ve paid, you have to pay the difference to HMRC. If you\u2019ve paid more VAT than you\u2019ve charged, you can reclaim the difference from HMRC.\n\n## VAT rates\n\nThere are 3 different rates of VAT and you must make sure you charge the right amount.\n\nGet a list of reduced or zero-rated goods and services.\n\n## Standard rate\n\nMost goods and services are standard rate. You should charge this rate unless the goods or services are classed as reduced or zero-rated.\n\nThis includes any goods below the distance selling threshold you supply from Northern Ireland to non-VAT registered EU customers. If you go over the threshold, you\u2019ll have to register for VAT in that country.\n\n## Reduced rate\n\nWhen you charge this rate can depend on what the item is as well as the circumstances of the sale, for example:\n\n- children\u2019s car seats and domestic fuel or power are always charged at 5%\n\n- mobility aids for older people are only charged at 5% if they\u2019re for someone over 60 and the goods are installed in their home\n\n## Zero rate\n\nZero-rated means that the goods are still VAT-taxable but the rate of VAT you must charge your customers is 0%. You still have to record them in your VAT accounts and report them on your VAT Return. Examples include:\n\n- books and newspapers\n\n- children\u2019s clothes and shoes\n\n- motorcycle helmets\n\n- most goods you export from England, Wales and Scotland (Great Britain) to a country outside the UK\n\n- most goods you export from Northern Ireland to a country outside the EU and the UK\n\n- goods you supply from Northern Ireland to a VAT registered EU business - you can check if the VAT number is valid\n\nIf you sent goods to the EU from Northern Ireland, you\u2019ll need their VAT number and paperwork proving that the goods have been sent within certain time limits (usually 3 months).\n\nRates can change and you must apply any changes to the rates from the date they change.\n\n## What you must do when charging VAT\n\nYou need to know the right VAT rate so you can charge it correctly and reclaim it on your purchases.\n\nIf a transaction is a standard, reduced or zero-rated taxable supply, you must:\n\n- charge the right rate of VAT\n\n- work out the VAT if a single price is shown that includes or excludes VAT\n\n- show the VAT information on your invoice\n\n- show the transaction in your VAT account - a summary of your VAT\n\n- show the amount on your VAT Return\n\nYou may be able to reclaim the VAT on purchases that relate to these sales.\n\nYou cannot claim back all of the amount you\u2019ve paid if you pay the wrong amount of VAT on a purchase.\n\n## VAT-inclusive and exclusive prices\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a calculation when charging VAT on goods or services, or when working out the amount of VAT you can claim back on items which were sold inclusive of VAT.\n\n## VAT-inclusive prices\n\nTo work out a price including the standard rate of VAT (20%), multiply the price excluding VAT by 1.2.\n\nTo work out a price including the reduced rate of VAT (5%), multiply the price excluding VAT by 1.05.\n\n## VAT-exclusive prices\n\nTo work out a price excluding the standard rate of VAT (20%) divide the price including VAT by 1.2.\n\nTo work out a price excluding the reduced rate of VAT (5%) divide the price including VAT by 1.05.\n\n## When not to charge VAT\n\nYou cannot charge VAT on exempt or \u2018out of scope\u2019 items.\n\n## Exempt goods and services\n\nExempt goods or services are supplies that you cannot charge VAT on.\n\nIf you buy or sell an exempt item you should still record the transaction in your general business accounts. Examples of exempt items include:\n\n- insurance\n\n- postage stamps or services\n\n- health services provided by doctors\n\nGet a list of goods and services that are VAT exempt.\n\n## VAT registration\n\nBusinesses that sell only VAT-exempt goods and services cannot register for VAT.\n\nIf you start selling items that aren\u2019t exempt, you can register for VAT voluntarily. You must register if the total value of non-exempt goods and services goes over the VAT taxable turnover threshold.\n\n## Out of scope\n\nSome goods and services are outside the VAT tax system so you cannot charge or reclaim the VAT on them. For example, out of scope items include:\n\n- goods or services you buy and use outside the UK\n\n- statutory fees - like the London congestion charge\n\n- goods you sell as part of a hobby - like stamps from a collection\n\n- donations to a charity - if given without receiving anything in return\n\n## Charging VAT to charities\n\nAs a VAT-registered business, you can sell certain goods and services to charities at the zero or reduced rate of VAT.\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to check the charity is eligible, and to apply the correct rate.\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) don\u2019t qualify for VAT reliefs for charities.\n\n## Check the charity is eligible\n\nTo make sure the charity is eligible, ask them for:\n\n- evidence that they\u2019re a charity\n\n- a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming they meet the conditions for the particular VAT relief\n\n## Evidence of charitable status\n\nThe charity should give you either:\n\n- their Charity Commission registration number\n\n- a letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if they\u2019re not registered with the Charity Commission for England and Wales (for example if they\u2019re a Scottish or Northern Irish charity)\n\n## Written declaration\n\nCharities are legally required to give you an eligibility certificate when you supply eligible building or construction services to them at zero VAT. The certificate must contain specific information.\n\nA declaration is not legally required for other items you sell at the zero or reduced rate, but you should ask for one to prove the charity is eligible for the relief.\n\nThese sample declarations contain examples of the information a charity should give you when buying:\n\n- medical and scientific equipment, motor vehicles and computer software\n\n- charity advertising\n\n- goods and services for disabled people\n\nThe written declaration should be separate from the order form or invoice for the goods or services the charity is buying.\n\nYou must keep the completed declarations for at least 4 years.\n\n## Items that qualify for the reduced rate\n\nYou may be able to apply the reduced VAT rate when you sell fuel and power in certain circumstances to an eligible charity.\n\n## Items that qualify for the zero rate\n\nYou may be able to apply zero VAT when you sell the following to an eligible charity:\n\n- advertising and items for collecting donations\n\n- aids for disabled people\n\n- construction services\n\n- drugs and chemicals\n\n- equipment for making \u2018talking\u2019 books and newspapers\n\n- lifeboats and associated equipment, including fuel\n\n- medicine or ingredients for medicine\n\n- resuscitation training models\n\n## Equipment for medical and veterinary use\n\nYou may also be able to zero-rate some other medical and veterinary equipment when you sell it to:\n\n- certain health bodies, for example NHS Trusts\n\n- not-for-profit research institutions\n\n- charities that provide institutional care, or medical or surgical treatment for chronically sick or disabled people\n\n- charities that provide transport services for disabled people\n\n- charities that provide rescue or first aid services to humans or animals\n\n- someone buying it specifically for donation to one of these bodies\n\nThe money used to buy the equipment must be from charitable or donated funds. This should be stated on the eligibility declaration.\n\nThe eligible items include:\n\n- medical, veterinary and scientific equipment\n\n- ambulances\n\n- goods for disabled people\n\n- motor vehicles for medical use\n\n- rescue equipment\n\n- resuscitation training dummies\n\n## Returned goods\n\nWhen you return goods to a supplier or a customer returns goods to you, the balance of payment can be settled by issuing either a:\n\n- replacement invoice\n\n- credit or debit note\n\nIf you exchange the goods for goods of the same value you don\u2019t need to issue a new VAT invoice.\n\n## Credit and debit notes\n\nThese must show the same information as the VAT invoice and:\n\n- why it was issued\n\n- the total amount credited, excluding VAT\n\n- the number and date of the original VAT invoice\n\n## Discounts and free gifts\n\n## Discounts\n\nVAT may have to be charged on discounts and deals.\n\n| Offer | How to charge VAT |\n\n| Discounts | Charged on the discounted price (not the full price) |\n\n| Gifts | Charged on the gift\u2019s full value - there are some exceptions listed below |\n\n| Multi-buys | Charged on the combined price if all the items have the same VAT rate. If not, VAT is \u2018apportioned\u2019 as mixed-rate goods |\n\n| Money-off coupons, vouchers etc | No VAT due if given away free at time of a purchase. If not, VAT due on the price charged |\n\n| \u2018Face value\u2019 vouchers that can be used for more than one type of good or service | No VAT due, if sold at or below their monetary value |\n\n| Redeemed face value vouchers | Charged on the full value of the transaction |\n\n| Redeemed face value vouchers sold at a discount | Charged on the discounted value of the transaction |\n\n| Link-save offers (buy one get one free or discounted) | VAT is apportioned as mixed-rate goods - there are exceptions |\n\n## Exceptions for gifts and link-save offers\n\nThere\u2019s no VAT due on gifts given to the same person if their total value in a 12 month period is less than \u00a350.\n\nVAT is charged on the combined value of link-save items if the incentive product:\n\n- has a resale value of less than \u00a31\n\n- has a sale value of less than \u00a35\n\n- costs you less than 20% of the total of the other items in the offer\n\n- isn\u2019t sold at a separate price from the main product\n\n## Free goods and services\n\nYou don\u2019t have to pay VAT on things like free samples if they meet certain conditions.\n\n| Supplies | Condition to meet so no VAT due |\n\n| Free samples | Used for marketing purposes and provided in a quantity that lets potential customers test the product |\n\n| Free loans of business assets | The cost of hiring the asset is included in something else you sell to the customer |\n\n| Free gifts | The total cost of all gifts to the same person is less than \u00a350 in a 12 month period |\n\n| Free services | You don\u2019t get any payment or goods or services in return |", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-businesses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a VAT registered business and sell hand gloves. I got some samples from a company for my staffs and loyal customers to test the product so I can place a bulk order", + "original_question": "Do I have to pay VAT on the products that I received as samples ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1480", + "question": "Scenario: My business partners and I developed a novelty tech accessory for laptops and computers. Business has been growing rapidly the past few years and we had begun to struggle keeping up with demand. This led to us deciding to open a larger factory designed specifically with producing our product in mind. In the past 10 months we have spent over \u00a34 million on construction for our mega factory.\n\nQuestion: Do we have to register for the Construction Registry Scheme?\n\nDocument - What you must do as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) contractor:\n## Overview\n\nYou must register as a contractor with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if:\n\n- you pay subcontractors to do construction work\n\n- your business does not do construction work but you have spent more than \u00a33 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment\n\nYou may be a sole trader, in a partnership or own a limited company.\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure if you need to register, check who is covered by CIS.\n\n## Rules you must follow\n\n- You must register for CIS before you take on your first subcontractor.\n\n- You must check if you should employ the person instead of subcontracting the work. You may get a penalty if they should be an employee instead.\n\n- Check with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that your subcontractors are registered with CIS.\n\n- When you pay subcontractors, you\u2019ll usually need to make deductions from their payments and pay the money to HMRC. Deductions count as advance payments towards the subcontractor\u2019s tax and National Insurance bill.\n\n- You\u2019ll need to file monthly returns and keep full CIS records - you may get a penalty if you do not.\n\n- You must let HMRC know about any changes to your business.\n\n## Who is covered by CIS\n\nThe Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) covers most construction work to buildings, including site preparation, decorating and refurbishment.\n\n## Mainstream contractors\n\nIf your business is construction and you pay subcontractors for construction work, you\u2019re a \u2018mainstream\u2019 contractor. This applies if you\u2019re a:\n\n- builder\n\n- labour agency\n\n- gangmaster (or gang leader)\n\n- property developer\n\n## Deemed contractors\n\nYou count as a \u2018deemed\u2019 contractor if your business does not do construction work but you have spent more than \u00a33 million on construction in the 12 months since you made your first payment. This could apply to:\n\n- housing association or arm\u2019s length management organisations (ALMOs)\n\n- local authorities\n\n- government departments\n\nYou must monitor your construction spend if you are likely to become a deemed contractor.\n\n## Exceptions for contractors\n\nCIS does not apply if your work is:\n\n- paid for by a charity or trust\n\n- paid for by a governing body or head teacher of a maintained school on behalf of the local education authority\n\n- on the subcontractor\u2019s own property and worth less than \u00a31,000 excluding materials - you must call the CIS helpline to get an exemption\n\nCIS also does not apply if you\u2019re a deemed contractor paying for:\n\n- work on property (that is not for sale or rent) for your own business use\n\n- a construction contract worth less than \u00a31,000 excluding materials - you must call the CIS helpline to get an exemption\n\n## Construction work not covered by CIS\n\nThere are also certain jobs that are exempt from the scheme, including:\n\n- architecture and surveying\n\n- scaffolding hire (with no labour)\n\n- carpet fitting\n\n- delivering materials\n\n- work on construction sites that is clearly not construction, for example running a canteen or site facilities\n\nThe CIS guide for contractors and subcontractors explains in full what type of work is covered by CIS.\n\n## How to register\n\nTo register as a contractor, you need to follow the process for setting up as a new employer.\n\nWhen done, you\u2019ll get a letter from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) with the information you need to start working as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) contractor.\n\nIf your business is based outside the UK but you do construction work here, you follow a different registration process.\n\n## Help with registering\n\nIf you need help, call the new employer helpline or the CIS helpline.\n\nYou can also sign up for webinars and emails or watch videos from HMRC about CIS.\n\n## Verify subcontractors\n\nBefore you can pay a new subcontractor, you\u2019ll need to \u2018verify\u2019 them with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nHMRC will tell you:\n\n- whether they\u2019re registered for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS)\n\n- what rate of deduction to use or if you can pay them without making deductions\n\nYou must also verify subcontractors you\u2019ve used before if you have not included them on a CIS return in the current or last 2 tax years.\n\n## How to verify\n\nYou can verify subcontractors using:\n\n- the free HMRC CIS online service\n\n- commercial CIS software\n\nIf you need to verify more than 50 subcontractors you\u2019ll need to use commercial CIS software.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need\n\nMake sure you have:\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)\n\n- the reference number for your HMRC accounts office\n\n- your HMRC employer reference\n\nYou\u2019ll also need your subcontractor\u2019s:\n\n- UTR\n\n- National Insurance number if they\u2019re a sole trader - you cannot verify temporary numbers, which start with \u2018TN\u2019 or 2 digits\n\n- company name, company UTR and registration number if they\u2019re a limited company\n\n- nominated partner details, trading name and partnership UTR if they\u2019re a partnership\n\nThe details you provide to verify the subcontractor must exactly match the details the subcontractor used to register with HMRC.\n\n## Make deductions and pay subcontractors\n\nWhen you pay a subcontractor, you usually make some deductions from their payments.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you how much to deduct from a subcontractor\u2019s payments when you verify them.\n\nThe Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) deduction rates are:\n\n- 20% for registered subcontractors\n\n- 30% for unregistered subcontractors\n\n- 0% if the subcontractor has \u2018gross payment\u2019 status - for example they do not have deductions made\n\nYou must pay these deductions to HMRC - they count as advance payments towards the subcontractor\u2019s tax and National Insurance bill.\n\n## How to make a CIS deduction\n\nTo make a deduction from a subcontractor\u2019s payment, start with the total (gross) amount of the subcontractor\u2019s invoice.\n\nTake away the amount the subcontractor has paid for:\n\n- VAT\n\n- materials\n\n- equipment which is now unusable (\u2018consumable stores\u2019)\n\n- fuel used, except for travelling\n\n- equipment hired for this job (\u2018plant hire\u2019)\n\n- manufacturing or prefabricating materials\n\nOnly deduct materials the subcontractor has paid for directly. Ask the subcontractor for evidence that they paid for the materials if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nFinally, deduct the CIS percentage rate (as given to you by HMRC) from the amount left. You\u2019ll be left with the net amount you need to pay the subcontractor.\n\n## Paying subcontractors\n\nYou usually pay your subcontractors directly. But you can pay them through a third party (such as a relative or debt company) if they ask you to.\n\nIf you make deductions, you must give the subcontractor a payment and deduction statement within 14 days of the end of each tax month.\n\n## If you\u2019re not making payments\n\nIf you know you\u2019re not going to make any payments to subcontractors for up to 6 months, you can ask for your scheme to be made \u2018inactive\u2019. HMRC will not send you any returns for that period.\n\nYou must file a return when you start paying subcontractors again.\n\n## Pay deductions to HMRC\n\nYou must pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) any deductions you\u2019ve made.\n\nHMRC will set up a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) payment scheme for you when you register as a contractor.\n\nIf you already have employees, HMRC will change your existing PAYE Scheme to a PAYE/CIS scheme. You should make one payment each month or quarter to cover your PAYE tax, National Insurance and CIS deductions.\n\n## When and how to pay\n\nPay HMRC every month by the 22nd (or the 19th if you\u2019re paying by post). You may be charged interest and penalties if you pay late.\n\nPay CIS deductions to HMRC in the same way as PAYE and National Insurance payments.\n\n## File your monthly returns\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) each month about payments you\u2019ve made to subcontractors through your monthly return.\n\nYou can file returns by using:\n\n- the HMRC CIS online service\n\n- some commercial CIS software\n\nOn your return, you must declare that the subcontractors listed are not employees.\n\nYou could get a penalty of up to \u00a33,000 if you give the wrong employment status for a subcontractor on your monthly return.\n\n## If you made no payments\n\nYou do not have to file a return for the months when you made no payments to subcontractors, but you must tell HMRC that no return is due.\n\nYou can contact HMRC to make an \u2018inactivity request if you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors. This lasts for 6 months.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if you start using subcontractors again.\n\nPhone lines are currently busier than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can use your online account to tell HMRC.\n\n## Using commercial CIS software\n\nYour return must not include any negative values if you\u2019re using commercial CIS software.\n\nIf any entries come to less than 0, you should put \u20180\u2019 instead.\n\nHMRC might ask you later to give details of any entries you\u2019ve replaced.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nSend your monthly returns to HMRC by the 19th of every month following the last tax month.\n\n## Penalties for late returns\n\nYou\u2019ll get a penalty if you miss the deadline for filing returns.\n\nThe penalty will be cancelled if you let HMRC know that you did not pay any subcontractors that month.\n\n| How late the return is | Penalty |\n\n| 1 day late | \u00a3100 |\n\n| 2 months late | \u00a3200 |\n\n| 6 months late | \u00a3300 or 5% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher |\n\n| 12 months late | \u00a3300 or 5% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher |\n\nFor returns later than this, you may be given an additional penalty of up to \u00a33,000 or 100% of the CIS deductions on the return, whichever is higher.\n\nPay your late filing penalty.\n\n## If you disagree with a penalty\n\nYou can appeal within 30 days of the date on the penalty notice:\n\n- through HMRC\u2019s online service\n\n- by writing to HMRC - quote your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) and the payment reference shown on the notice\n\n## Correcting or changing returns\n\nUse the HMRC CIS online service to change or correct something on your return.\n\nCall the CIS helpline if you need any help with this.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nUnder the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you must keep records of:\n\n- the gross amount of each payment invoiced by subcontractors, excluding VAT\n\n- any deductions you\u2019ve made from subcontractor payments\n\nIf you made deductions, you must also keep records of the costs of materials the subcontractor invoiced you for, excluding VAT.\n\nKeep these details for at least 3 years after the end of the tax year they relate to. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) could ask to see your CIS records at any time.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a33,000 if you cannot show your CIS records when asked by HMRC.\n\n## Tell HMRC about changes\n\nYou must tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if:\n\n- you change address (as an individual or business)\n\n- you change your business structure - for example from sole trader to limited company or vice versa\n\n- a contractor dies\n\n- you\u2019re a multiple contractor and you take on another contractor\u2019s business - you must tell HMRC within 90 days\n\n## If you stop trading or using subcontractors\n\nYou must:\n\n- tell HMRC\n\n- stop filing monthly CIS reports\n\nDo this even if you\u2019ve stopped using subcontractors temporarily, for example because you\u2019re using your own employees to carry out work.\n\n## If you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors\n\nYou can contact HMRC to make an \u2018inactivity request\u2019 if you\u2019ve temporarily stopped using subcontractors. This lasts for 6 months.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if you start using subcontractors again.\n\nPhone lines are currently busier than usual because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can use your online account to tell HMRC.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-contractor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My business partners and I developed a novelty tech accessory for laptops and computers. Business has been growing rapidly the past few years and we had begun to struggle keeping up with demand. This led to us deciding to open a larger factory designed specifically with producing our product in mind. In the past 10 months we have spent over \u00a34 million on construction for our mega factory.", + "original_question": "Do we have to register for the Construction Registry Scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1482", + "question": "Scenario: My business partner applied for a lawful development certificate and I disagree with the decision that was made and want to appeal it.\n\nQuestion: Can I appeal the decision on my business partner's behalf or do they have to appeal themselves?\n\nDocument - Appeal a decision about a lawful development certificate:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority makes decisions about lawful development certificates.\n\nYou can appeal against a lawful development certificate decision if either:\n\n- you disagree with it\n\n- the decision was not made within 8 weeks (6 weeks for work to a listed building)\n\nDo not appeal if you\u2019ve already been given an enforcement notice. You may have to pay additional costs if you do.\n\nOnly the person who made the lawful development certificate application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nThere\u2019s normally no deadline. If you\u2019re appealing an application about a listed building lawful development certificate, you must appeal within 6 months of the decision.\n\nYou can apply for planning permission at the same time as appealing a lawful development certificate decision.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.\n\nCheck how long appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice - if they did not make a decision, send a copy of the letter acknowledging your application\n\n- all plans, drawings and documents you sent to the local planning authority\n\n- any letters or emails between you and the local planning authority\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit:\n\n- a map of the site\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds of appeal\n\nIf you think your land or building is now lawful because the time limit for enforcement has passed, you also need to submit evidence like:\n\n- dated photographs of the site\n\n- letters from neighbours\n\n- receipts or invoices for work\n\n- plans and drawings\n\nYou can upload these documents or pictures of these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on a lawful development certificate appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal. The deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.\n\nYour local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. The local planning authority has to do this within 2 weeks of the appeal being validated by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nIf there\u2019s going to be an inquiry, interested parties can apply to have \u2018rule 6 status\u2019, which means they\u2019ll play a much bigger part. For example, they can call witnesses and give evidence.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-lawful-development-certificate-decision", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My business partner applied for a lawful development certificate and I disagree with the decision that was made and want to appeal it.", + "original_question": "Can I appeal the decision on my business partner's behalf or do they have to appeal themselves?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1483", + "question": "Scenario: I have a medium sized dairy farm in England and am starting to sell my own milk.\n\nQuestion: can I sell my milk in imperial pints without reference to metric measurements on the packaging?\n\nDocument - Weights and measures: the law:\n## Units of measurement\n\nYou must use metric measurements (grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres) when selling packaged or loose goods in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nThere are different rules in Northern Ireland.\n\nThe only products you can sell in imperial measures are:\n\n- draught beer or cider by pint\n\n- milk in returnable containers by pint\n\n- precious metals by troy ounce\n\nYou can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.\n\n## Specified quantities\n\nSome goods must be sold in fixed sizes known as \u2018specified quantities\u2019.\n\n## Alcohol\n\nThere are different rules depending on whether you\u2019re selling by the glass or bottle.\n\n## By the glass\n\n| | Measures |\n\n| Still wine | 125ml, 175ml, multiples of 125ml and 175ml |\n\n| Port, sherry or other fortified wine | 50ml, 70ml, multiples of 50ml or 70ml |\n\n| Gin, rum, vodka and whisky | Either 25ml and multiples of 25ml, or 35ml and multiples of 35ml (not both on the same premises) |\n\n| Draught beer and cider | Third, half, two-thirds of a pint and multiples of half a pint |\n\nThere are no specified quantities for sparkling wine or yellow wine by the glass or spirits other than gin, rum, vodka and whisky.\n\n## Packaged in bottles, boxes or similar\n\n| | Volume by millilitre (ml) |\n\n| Still wine | 100, 187, 250, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 |\n\n| Yellow wine | 620 |\n\n| Sparkling wine | 125, 200, 375, 750, 1500 |\n\n| Fortified wine | 100, 200, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 |\n\n| Spirit drinks | 100, 200, 350, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 1750, 2000 |\n\nYou can sell packaged alcohol in any volume if it\u2019s below the minimum or above the maximum allowed for specified quantities.\n\n| | Minimum (ml) | Maximum (ml) |\n\n| Still wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Yellow wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Sparkling wine | 125 | 1500 |\n\n| Fortified wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Spirit drinks | 100 | 2000 |\n\nThere are no specified quantities for packaged beer or cider.\n\n## Solid fuel\n\nYou can sell sealed bags of solid fuel in any size you wish but if you\u2019re selling it loose, you can only sell it in quantities of:\n\n- 25kg\n\n- 50kg\n\n- multiples of 50kg\n\n## Packaged goods\n\nPackaged goods are products that are all of these:\n\n- sold sealed\n\n- between 5g and 25kg or 5ml and 25 litres\n\n- the same weight or volume as other products of the same type\n\nThere are 2 ways to pack your products.\n\n## Minimum system\n\nYou can pack your products so that they contain at least the quantity displayed on the label. The packages can contain more than the label says, but not less.\n\n## Average system\n\nYou can pack your products to an average measurement that is on the label. You must check your packages to make sure a random sample is packed to meet all these rules - known as the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules\u2019:\n\n- the contents of the packages must not be less, on average, than the weight on the label\n\n- only a small number can fall below a certain margin of error, known as the \u2018tolerable negative error\u2019 (TNE)\n\n- no package can be underweight by more than twice the TNE\n\n| Quantity in grams and millilitres | TNE as % of quantity | TNE in grams or millilitres |\n\n| 5 to 50 | 9 | n/a |\n\n| 50 to 100 | n/a | 4.5 |\n\n| 100 to 200 | 4.5 | n/a |\n\n| 200 to 300 | n/a | 9 |\n\n| 300 to 500 | 3 | n/a |\n\n| 500 to 1,000 | n/a | 15 |\n\n| 1,000 to 10,000 | 1.5 | n/a |\n\n| 10,000 to 15,000 | n/a | 150 |\n\n| more than 15,000 | 1 | n/a |\n\nIf you\u2019re calculating the TNE as a percentage of the quantity, you must round up the weight or volume to the nearest 0.10 of a gram or millilitre.\n\nContact your local Trading Standards office for help with packing to the average system.\n\nRead the \u2018Weights and Measures (Packaged Goods) 2006\u2019 guidance for business for more information.\n\nYou must make sure packaged goods you\u2019re producing or importing are packed and labelled correctly.\n\nYou can be fined or sent to prison if you break the rules.\n\n## Equipment and records\n\n## Equipment for packaged goods\n\nThe equipment you use to weigh or measure your packaged goods has to be suitable. There are no hard and fast rules about what equipment you should use but you cannot use domestic scales to weigh goods you intend to sell.\n\nYour local Trading Standards office will tell you what is suitable equipment for your business sector.\n\nTrading Standards will check the weights and measures of your goods on your production line to make sure the equipment is accurate.\n\n## Records\n\nYou must keep records if you pack your products using the average system. You must record the results of your sample batches and show that they meet the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules.\n\nYou do not have to keep records if you measure every package or you use the minimum system to pack your products.\n\nYou must keep your records for at least one year from either the date you ship the packages or the \u2018use by\u2019 date on the package - whichever is shorter.\n\nYour local Trading Standards office can advise you about how to keep records.\n\n## Labelling packaged goods\n\nYou must put the weight or volume of your packaged goods on the label.\n\nThe quantity marking must be:\n\n- permanent\n\n- easy to see\n\n- meet a minimum height requirement\n\nYou can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.\n\n## Food\n\nRead the rules about what you must show on packaged food labels.\n\n## Exporting packaged goods\n\nYou must meet the rules for packaged goods in the country you\u2019re exporting to.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a medium sized dairy farm in England and am starting to sell my own milk.", + "original_question": "can I sell my milk in imperial pints without reference to metric measurements on the packaging?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1487", + "question": "Scenario: I own a small business that services bicycles. I own an office building, and employ seven employees that work directly in this office. I want to carry out a fire risk assessment but I have no expertise.\n\nQuestion: Can I appoint someone to help with the fire risk assessment?\n\nDocument - Fire safety in the workplace:\n## Who's responsible\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for fire safety in business or other non-domestic premises if you\u2019re:\n\n- an employer\n\n- the owner\n\n- the landlord\n\n- an occupier\n\n- anyone else with control of the premises, for example a facilities manager, building manager, managing agent or risk assessor\n\nYou\u2019re known as the \u2018responsible person\u2019. If there\u2019s more than one responsible person, you have to work together to meet your responsibilities.\n\nThe Fire Safety Order also applies if you have paying guests, for example if you run a bed and breakfast, guesthouse or let a self-catering property.\n\nFire safety rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Responsibilities\n\nAs the responsible person you must:\n\n- carry out a fire risk assessment of the premises and review it regularly\n\n- tell staff or their representatives about the risks you\u2019ve identified\n\n- put in place, and maintain, appropriate fire safety measures\n\n- plan for an emergency\n\n- provide staff information, fire safety instruction and training\n\nYou can read about how to make sure your premises are safe from fire.\n\n## Non-domestic premises\n\nNon-domestic premises are:\n\n- all workplaces and commercial premises\n\n- all premises the public have access to\n\n- the common areas of multi-occupied residential buildings\n\n## Shared premises\n\nIn shared premises it\u2019s likely there\u2019ll be more than one responsible person. You\u2019ll need to co-ordinate your fire safety plans to make sure people on or around the premises are safe.\n\nFor common or shared areas, the responsible person is the landlord, freeholder or managing agent.\n\n## Alterations, extensions and new buildings\n\nWhen building new premises or doing building work on existing premises, you must comply with building regulations. This includes designing fire safety into the proposed building or extension.\n\nRead the fire safety building regulations.\n\n## Penalties and enforcement\n\nYou could be fined or go to prison if you do not follow fire safety regulations.\n\nLocal fire and rescue authorities inspect premises and can issue fire safety notices telling you about changes you need to make.\n\n## Fire risk assessments\n\nAs the responsible person you must carry out and regularly review a fire risk assessment of the premises. This will identify what you need to do to prevent fire and keep people safe.\n\nYou must keep a written record of your fire risk assessment if your business has 5 or more people.\n\n## Carrying out the assessment\n\n- Identify the fire hazards.\n\n- Identify people at risk.\n\n- Evaluate, remove or reduce the risks.\n\n- Record your findings, prepare an emergency plan and provide training.\n\n- Review and update the fire risk assessment regularly.\n\nThe fire safety risk assessment chart gives more detailed information about these steps.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to consider:\n\n- emergency routes and exits\n\n- fire detection and warning systems\n\n- fire fighting equipment\n\n- the removal or safe storage of dangerous substances\n\n- an emergency fire evacuation plan\n\n- the needs of vulnerable people, for example the elderly, young children or those with disabilities\n\n- providing information to employees and other people on the premises\n\n- staff fire safety training\n\n## Help with the assessment\n\nYou can do the fire risk assessment yourself with the help of standard fire safety risk assessment guides.\n\nIf you do not have the expertise or time to do the fire risk assessment yourself you need to appoint a \u2018competent person\u2019 to help, for example a professional risk assessor.\n\nYour local fire and rescue authority might be able to give you advice if you\u2019re not sure your risk assessment\u2019s been carried out properly. However, they cannot carry out risk assessments for you.\n\n## Assessment guides\n\nYou can download the following guides on risk assessments in:\n\n- offices and shops\n\n- factories and warehouses\n\n- sleeping accommodation\n\n- residential care premises\n\n- educational premises\n\n- small and medium places of assembly (holding 300 people or less)\n\n- large places of assembly (holding more than 300 people)\n\n- theatres, cinemas and similar premises\n\n- open air events and venues\n\n- healthcare premises\n\n- animal premises and stables\n\n- transport premises and facilities\n\nYou can also find guidance on:\n\n- risk assessments if you work in construction\n\n- purpose-built blocks of flats and other types of housing if you\u2019re a landlord\n\n## Fire safety and evacuation plans\n\nYour plan must show how you have:\n\n- a clear passageway to all escape routes\n\n- clearly marked escape routes that are as short and direct as possible\n\n- enough exits and routes for all people to escape\n\n- emergency doors that open easily\n\n- emergency lighting where needed\n\n- training for all employees to know and use the escape routes\n\n- a safe meeting point for staff\n\n## People with mobility needs\n\nYou should also make special arrangements for people with mobility needs, for example make sure there are people to help wheelchair users get downstairs if there\u2019s a fire.\n\n## Fire safety equipment, drills and training\n\n## Fire detection and warning systems\n\nYou must have a fire detection and warning system. You may need different types of detectors, depending on the type of building and the work carried out in it.\n\n## Fire fighting equipment\n\nThe types of equipment you need depend on your business premises. You\u2019ll need to have any equipment properly installed, tested and maintained and train your staff to use them if necessary.\n\n## Maintenance and testing\n\nYou must carry out regular checks to make sure that:\n\n- all fire alarm systems are working\n\n- the emergency lighting is working\n\n- you record any faults in systems and equipment\n\n- all escape routes are clear and the floor is in good condition\n\n- all fire escapes can be opened easily\n\n- automatic fire doors close correctly\n\n- fire exit signs are in the right place\n\n## Fire drills and training\n\nYou need to train new staff when they start work and tell all employees about any new fire risks.\n\nYou should carry out at least one fire drill per year and record the results. You must keep the results as part of your fire safety and evacuation plan.\n\n## Enforcement, appeals and penalties\n\nYour local fire and rescue authority visits premises to check the fire risk assessment and fire prevention measures are appropriate. Fire safety officers should help you understand the rules and comply with them.\n\nThey can also take action if they think your fire safety measures are not adequate. For example, they might issue an informal notice suggesting safety measures.\n\nThey could also give you a formal fire safety notice. They\u2019ll tell you how to fix the problems described in the notice.\n\n## Alterations notice\n\nYou could get an alterations notice if your premises have high safety risks or will have high safety risks if the use of the premises changes.\n\n## Enforcement notice\n\nYou could get an enforcement notice if the fire and rescue authority finds a serious risk that\u2019s not being managed. It will say what improvements are needed by when.\n\n## Prohibition notice\n\nThese take effect immediately if the fire and rescue authority thinks the fire risk is so great that access to your premises needs to be prohibited or restricted.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou may be able to arrange an informal review from your fire and rescue authority if you disagree with the decision to issue a fire safety notice.\n\nYou can appeal to your local magistrates\u2019 court within 21 days of receiving a notice.\n\nIn certain circumstances, you and the fire and rescue authority can ask for a \u2018determination\u2019 from the Home Secretary to resolve a dispute.\n\n## Penalties\n\nYou could be fined or go to prison if you do not follow fire safety regulations.\n\nMinor penalties can be up to \u00a35,000. Major penalties can have unlimited fines and up to 2 years in prison.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-fire-safety-your-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a small business that services bicycles. I own an office building, and employ seven employees that work directly in this office. I want to carry out a fire risk assessment but I have no expertise.", + "original_question": "Can I appoint someone to help with the fire risk assessment?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1490", + "question": "Scenario: My printery business still has a fax machine as certain business customers still communicate this way. We keep recieving unsolicited marketing fax messages.\n\nQuestion: Is it legal to send unsolicited fax messages to companies?\n\nDocument - Marketing and advertising: the law:\n## Overview\n\nAll marketing and advertising must be:\n\n- an accurate description of the product or service\n\n- legal\n\n- decent\n\n- truthful\n\n- honest\n\n- socially responsible (not encouraging illegal, unsafe or anti-social behaviour)\n\nThere are regulations that restrict what advertisers can and cannot do.\n\nAs well as the regulations, there are 2 advertising codes of practice that you need to follow to help you advertise legally.\n\nYou must describe your product or service accurately.\n\n## Requirements for specific products\n\nThere are also specific requirements that apply to certain sectors, such as:\n\n- food\n\n- alcohol\n\n- beauty products\n\n- environmentally friendly products\n\n- medicines\n\n- tobacco\n\nFor example, you can only claim your drink is \u2018low in alcohol\u2019 if it contains between 0.5% and 1.2% alcohol by volume.\n\n## Data protection\n\nIf you\u2019re gathering, storing or using information about customers or potential customers, you must also protect their data.\n\n## Regulations that affect advertising\n\n## Advertising to consumers\n\nThe Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations mean you cannot mislead or harass consumers by, for example:\n\n- including false or deceptive messages\n\n- leaving out important information\n\n- using aggressive sales techniques\n\nRead \u2018The consumer protection from unfair trading regulations\u2019 for the rules on advertising legally.\n\n## Advertising to businesses\n\nAdvertising to businesses is covered by the Business Protection from Misleading Marketing Regulations. As well as being accurate and honest, you must not make misleading comparisons with competitors, that includes:\n\n- using a competitor\u2019s logo or trademark, or something very similar\n\n- comparing your product with a competitor\u2019s product that\u2019s not the same\n\nDownload \u2018The Business Protection from Misleading Marketing Regulations 2008\u2019 for more detail about the regulations that cover advertising to businesses.\n\n## Penalties\n\nIf you break the regulations, you could be reported to a local Trading Standards office. You could be fined, prosecuted or imprisoned.\n\n## Advertising codes of practice\n\nThere are 2 advertising codes of practice that describe how businesses should advertise.\n\nThey cover all kinds of promotional communications, depending where the advert or promotion will appear.\n\n## Non-broadcast media\n\nThe CAP non-broadcast code has rules that cover non-broadcast advertising (for example print, online), sales promotion and direct marketing (such as telesales and email).\n\nThe code specifies standards for accuracy and honesty that businesses must stick to, including specific conditions, such as:\n\n- advertising to children\n\n- causing offence\n\n- political advertising\n\n## Broadcast media (for example TV, radio)\n\nYou must follow the CAP broadcast code, which covers issues including taste, decency and product placement.\n\nAs well as setting standards about accuracy and honesty businesses must stick to, they also have rules about things like scheduling.\n\n## General broadcasting rules\n\nYou also need to follow rules about taste, decency, product placement etc that apply to all broadcasting.\n\nThese are called \u2018broadcast codes\u2019. Find out more about them on the Ofcom website.\n\n## Enforcing the rules\n\nThe rules are enforced by the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA).\n\nAnyone who thinks advertising rules have been broken can complain to the ASA within 3 months of the advert appearing.\n\nIf an advert breaks the rules, it may be withdrawn. If the product does not match the description or the advert breaks the law, you could be prosecuted.\n\n## Describing your product\n\nYou must describe your product accurately. This means if you make a claim about your product, you must be able to prove what you say.\n\n## Prices\n\nYour adverts must describe the actual cost accurately, including any ongoing or associated costs (like subscription fees) and taxes (such as VAT).\n\n## Direct marketing\n\nYou must check if customers want to be contacted by fax, phone, post or email, and give them the chance to object. You must be able to prove you\u2019ve done this.\n\nWhen you collect customer details, you must get their permission if you want to send them other offers or promotions.\n\nYou must also ask for their permission if you want to share their information with another organisation.\n\n## Letting customers opt out\n\nCustomers have the right to stop their information being used for direct marketing.\n\nYou must make it easy to opt out - for example by sending a \u2018STOP\u2019 text to a short number, or using an \u2018unsubscribe\u2019 link.\n\n## Telesales and fax marketing\n\nYou must say who you are when you make a telesales call, and give your address or phone number if you\u2019re asked for it. The number for customers to call must be a freephone number.\n\nYou\u2019re not allowed to send marketing faxes to individuals unless you\u2019ve received their prior permission, but you can send unsolicited faxes to companies.\n\nYou must be able to prove that you\u2019ve checked you\u2019re not contacting anyone who does not want to be contacted.\n\nCheck who\u2019s asked not to receive calls or faxes using the:\n\n- Telephone Preference Service\n\n- Fax Preference Service\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to phone or fax someone registered with these services if you do not have their permission. You can be fined up to \u00a3500,000 for each unsolicited phonecall.\n\n## Automated calls\n\nIf you want to make automated calls - with pre-recorded phone messages - you must get the permission of the individual or business first.\n\n## Direct mail\n\nCheck that your mailing lists do not include anyone who\u2019s asked not to receive direct mailing, using the Mail Preference Service.\n\n## Email marketing and text messages\n\nYou\u2019re only allowed to send marketing emails to individual customers if they\u2019ve given you permission.\n\nEmails or text messages must clearly indicate:\n\n- who you are\n\n- that you\u2019re selling something\n\n- what the promotions are, and any conditions\n\nCheck that you are not sending emails to anyone who\u2019s asked not to receive them, using the Email Preference Service.\n\nIf you buy or rent a mailing list, ask the supplier if you have the right to use it for email marketing.\n\nEvery marketing email you send must give the person the ability to opt out of (or \u2018unsubscribe from\u2019) further emails.\n\nYou must tell customers if you add them to a list of people who do not want to be emailed.\n\n## Cookies\n\nYou must tell visitors to your website how your site uses cookies, and ask if they want to accept them.\n\nThe information should be easy to understand.\n\nFind out more about cookies on the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office website and AboutCookies.org.\n\nCustomers can complain if you misuse their information, and you could be ordered to pay a fine or compensation.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marketing-advertising-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My printery business still has a fax machine as certain business customers still communicate this way. We keep recieving unsolicited marketing fax messages.", + "original_question": "Is it legal to send unsolicited fax messages to companies?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1494", + "question": "Scenario: I am a take away owner and a rival take away has taken to consistently undercutting my prices and duplicating any special deals which we offer. This is affecting our turnover.\n\nQuestion: Can I report this behaviour and have it stopped?\n\nDocument - Avoid and report anti-competitive activity:\n## Overview\n\nAll businesses, whatever their size, must understand how they\u2019re affected by competition law.\n\nYou must follow the rules on all types of anti-competitive activity including:\n\n- price fixing, bid rigging and other ways of agreeing not to compete (sometimes called \u2018cartels\u2019)\n\n- abuse of a dominant market position\n\nYou should manage the risk of breaking the law, for example by having clear policies, guidelines and training for your staff.\n\nYou can report anti-competitive activity if you think another business is breaking the law, or if you might have been involved yourself.\n\n## If you\u2019re involved in anti-competitive activity\n\nYour business can be fined up to 10% of its worldwide turnover and sued for damages.\n\nYou can be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years if you\u2019re found guilty of being involved in cartel activity.\n\nCompany directors can be disqualified from being a director for up to 15 years.\n\nGet legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme if you think something your business is doing might break the law.\n\n## Types of anti-competitive activity\n\nYou must avoid all types of anti-competitive activity in your business including:\n\n- agreeing not to compete with another business\n\n- abusing a dominant position\n\nYou can report anti-competitive activity if you see it.\n\n## Agreeing not to compete with another business (\u2018cartels\u2019)\n\nIf 2 or more businesses agree not to compete with each other in certain ways, it\u2019s called a \u2018cartel\u2019.\n\nThe rules on cartels apply to businesses of any size.\n\nRules about cartels cover:\n\n- price fixing\n\n- bid rigging\n\n- sharing markets or customers\n\n- sharing commercially sensitive information\n\nAn agreement does not have to be in writing for it to be illegal. You can break the law if you have an informal conversation (or \u2018gentleman\u2019s agreement\u2019) with another business, even if the agreement is not carried out.\n\nYou can work with other businesses without breaking competition law. Get legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme if you need to, and make sure you manage any risks.\n\n## Price fixing\n\nYou must not discuss the prices you\u2019re going to charge your customers with your competitors.\n\nYou\u2019ll be breaking the law if you agree with another business:\n\n- to charge the same prices to your customers\n\n- to offer discounts or increase your prices at the same time\n\n- to charge the same fees to intermediaries, for example retailers selling your products\n\n## Bid rigging\n\nYou cannot discuss bids for a contract tender with your competitors. Bid rigging includes:\n\n- agreeing with your competitors how much you\u2019ll bid for a contract or share information about your bid\n\n- taking turns to win contracts\n\n- asking other businesses to bid when they do not want the contract (called \u2018cover bids\u2019)\n\n- paying other businesses not to bid or when you win a tender\n\n- agreeing with other businesses not to bid or to withdrawing your bid\n\n## Market sharing\n\nYou cannot agree with other businesses to share markets or customers. You\u2019ll be breaking competition law if you agree with another business:\n\n- not to approach each other\u2019s customers\n\n- not to compete with them for customers, for example in specific locations\n\n## Sharing information\n\nYou cannot share information with other businesses that might reduce competition between you, for example information about:\n\n- prices\n\n- production\n\n- your suppliers, customers or contractors\n\n- the markets you sell or plan to sell to\n\nThis includes sharing information through a third party, for example a trade association.\n\n## Abusing a dominant position\n\nYour business might have a \u2018dominant position\u2019 in the market if:\n\n- it has more than a 40% market share\n\n- it\u2019s not affected by normal competitive restraints\n\nYou might be abusing your dominant position if you\u2019re unfair to your customers or other businesses, for example you:\n\n- treat customers differently, for example by offering different prices or terms to similar customers\n\n- make customers buy products they do not want, for example forcing them to take warranties for electrical products\n\n- charge low prices that do not cover your costs so you drive out competitors\n\nIf you think you have a dominant market position, get legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme to find out what you can and cannot do.\n\n## Other anti-competitive activities\n\nYou must avoid other activities that break competition law, eg:\n\n- buying or selling jointly with your competitors\n\n- agreeing with your competitors to reduce production of something to raise its market value\n\n- restricting how much other businesses can sell your product for\n\n- agreeing with your competitors not to sell to certain customers or deal with certain suppliers\n\n- having long-term exclusive contracts with any customers or suppliers\n\n## Manage risk\n\nThe people who run your business are responsible for ensuring it does not break competition law. You should:\n\n- work out where your business is at risk and how serious any risks are\n\n- set up policies, guidelines and training for your staff if you need to\n\nYour business can still be given a penalty and sued for damages even if your senior managers did not know about the illegal activity.\n\n## Work out if your business is at risk\n\nYou\u2019re more likely to be at risk if:\n\n- you or your employees have contact with your competitors, for example at conferences or trade association meetings\n\n- your employees regularly move to or from jobs with your competitors\n\n- you have partnerships with your competitors, for example joint buying or selling\n\n- you have any long-term exclusive contracts with any customers or suppliers\n\n- your business has a dominant position in any market where you do business\n\n## Set up policies, guidelines and training\n\nYou should ask a senior member of staff, for example a director, to make sure your employees know how to avoid and report anti-competitive behaviour.\n\nThere\u2019s further guidance from the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) on reducing the risk of your business breaking the law.\n\n## Report anti-competitive activity\n\nThe way you report anti-competitive activity depends on the type of activity.\n\n## Report a cartel\n\nA cartel is where two or more businesses agree not to compete with each other, for example by sharing a market or fixing prices.\n\nContact the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) cartels hotline if you:\n\n- know about a cartel\n\n- have been involved in one\n\nYou may:\n\n- get a financial reward for information that leads to an investigation\n\n- be treated with leniency if you report a cartel you\u2019ve been involved with\n\n## Report other anti-competitive activity\n\nTell the CMA if you have concerns about anti-competitive activity. Email general.enquiries@cma.gov.uk with the following information:\n\n- your contact details\n\n- the business you have concerns about and a description of the issue along with any supporting evidence\n\n- the market area according to the UK Standard Classification Index\n\n- details of any other organisations you have contacted\n\nIf you want help with a consumer problem, contact Citizens Advice (or the Financial Conduct Authority for consumer credit-related issues).\n\n## Report your concerns to an industry regulator\n\nYou can also report concerns about anti-competitive activity in certain sectors to a regulator. These are:\n\n- Civil Aviation Authority for airports and air traffic services\n\n- Financial Conduct Authority for financial services in the UK\n\n- Monitor for health services in England\n\n- Ofcom for television, radio, telephone, postal and internet services\n\n- Ofgem for gas and electricity in England, Wales and Scotland\n\n- Ofwat for water and sewage services in England and Wales\n\n- Office of Road and Rail for railways in England, Wales and Scotland\n\n- Payment Systems Regulator for payment systems in the UK\n\n- Utility Regulator for gas, electricity, water and sewerage in Northern Ireland", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a take away owner and a rival take away has taken to consistently undercutting my prices and duplicating any special deals which we offer. This is affecting our turnover.", + "original_question": "Can I report this behaviour and have it stopped?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1496", + "question": "Scenario: My hardware store generated quite a decent amount of profit in the past year. That being said we sent out larger holiday bonuses to our employees and expanded the stores stock to feature more high-end models of specific products. I am interested in applying for a PSA but am a bit confused on exactly what it would cover.\n\nQuestion: Will the PSA be able to cover the company bonuses that were payed out?\n\nDocument - PAYE Settlement Agreements:\n## Overview\n\nA PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) allows you to make one annual payment to cover all the tax and National Insurance due on minor, irregular or impracticable expenses or benefits for your employees.\n\nIf you get a PSA for these items you will not need to:\n\n- put them through your payroll to work out tax and National Insurance\n\n- include them in your end-of-year P11D forms\n\n- pay Class 1A National Insurance on them at the end of the tax year (you pay Class 1B National Insurance as part of your PSA instead)\n\nSome employee expenses are covered by exemptions (which have replaced dispensations). This means you will not have to include them in your end-of-year reports.\n\n## What's included\n\nThe expenses or benefits you include in a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) must be minor, irregular or impracticable.\n\n## Minor\n\nExamples of minor benefits and expenses include:\n\n- incentive awards, for example for long-service\n\n- telephone bills\n\n- small gifts and vouchers\n\n- staff entertainment, for example a ticket to an event\n\n- non-business expenses while travelling overnight on business that are over the daily limit\n\nYou do not need to include trivial benefits in your PSA.\n\n## Irregular\n\nIrregular benefits and expenses are things that are not paid at regular intervals over the course of a tax year, for example weekly or monthly. They\u2019re also things that employees do not have a contractual right to. Examples of irregular expenses and benefits include:\n\n- relocation expenses over \u00a38,000 (these are tax-free below \u00a38,000)\n\n- the cost of attending overseas conferences\n\n- expenses of a spouse accompanying an employee abroad\n\n- use of a company holiday flat\n\n## Impracticable\n\nImpracticable expenses and benefits are things that are difficult to place a value on or divide up between individual employees. Examples of impracticable expenses and benefits include:\n\n- staff entertainment that is not exempt from tax or National Insurance Contributions\n\n- shared cars\n\n- personal care expenses, for example hairdressing\n\n## What\u2019s not included\n\nYou cannot include wages, high-value benefits like company cars, or cash payments such as:\n\n- bonuses\n\n- round sum allowances\n\n- beneficial loans in a PSA\n\nIf you apply after the start of the tax year, there are extra restrictions on what you can include.\n\n## How to get a PSA\n\n- Write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Business Tax and Customs describing the expenses and benefits you want the PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) to cover.\n\n- Once they\u2019ve agreed on what can be included, they\u2019ll send you 2 draft copies of form P626. Sign and return both copies. HMRC will authorise your request and send back a form - this is your PSA.\n\n- You\u2019ll need to report anything that cannot be included separately using form P11D. You do not need to send a P11D if you\u2019re paying employees\u2019 expenses and benefits through your payroll.\n\n- Use form PSA1 to help you calculate the overall amount you\u2019ll need to pay. If you do not, HMRC will calculate the amount. You\u2019ll be charged more if this happens.\n\n- Send the completed form to HMRC as soon as possible after the end of the tax year. They\u2019ll get in touch with you before 19 October following the tax year that the PSA covers to confirm the total tax and National Insurance you need to pay.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give an agent a signed letter of authority to make a PSA on your behalf if they do not have authorisation to do so.\n\nContact the HMRC employer helpline for advice on getting and calculating your PSA.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe agreement will continue until either you or HMRC cancels it or you need to change it. You do not need to renew the PSA each tax year.\n\n## Deadlines and payment\n\nThe deadline for applying for a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) is 5 July following the first tax year it applies to.\n\n## When to pay\n\nYou must pay any tax and National Insurance owed under a PSA by 22 October after the tax year the PSA applies to (19 October if you pay by post).\n\nYou may be fined or charged interest if you do not pay or your payment is late.\n\n## What to pay when the PSA is first approved\n\nIf HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) approves your PSA before the start of a tax year, you can include any expenses and benefits contained in the agreement.\n\nIf they approve it after the start of the tax year, you might need to report some items separately.\n\n## If your PSA is approved before 6 April\n\nYou must use form P11D to report expenses and benefits provided before the agreement date that you:\n\n- have already included in your employee\u2019s tax code\n\n- included (or should have included) in your employee\u2019s PAYE tax and National Insurance deductions\n\n## If your PSA is approved between 6 April and 5 July\n\nYou must use form P11D to report expenses and benefits provided during the tax year that you:\n\n- have already included in your employee\u2019s tax code\n\n- included (or should have included) in your employee\u2019s PAYE tax and National Insurance deductions\n\n## Change or cancel a PSA\n\nTo change the items covered by your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA), send details of the changes to the office that issued it. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a revised P626 that you need to sign and return.\n\n## Cancel a PSA\n\nTo cancel your PSA, fill in the return slip section of the P626 and send it to HMRC.\n\nHMRC will cancel your PSA on the date you put on the return slip.\n\nYou need to report any outstanding tax and National Insurance Contributions (NICs) due on benefits and expenses using forms P11D and PSA1.\n\nYou need to pay any outstanding tax and NICs by 22 October after the tax year the PSA applies to (19 October if you pay by post).\n\nYou need to pay any NICs owed on expenses or benefits listed on the P11D form by 22 July after the tax year it applies to (19 July if you pay by post).\n\nIf you continue providing benefits after you\u2019ve cancelled your PSA, you need to either:\n\n- report them on a P11D form\n\n- put them through payroll\n\nYou can pay any tax or NICs due via PAYE.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-settlement-agreements", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My hardware store generated quite a decent amount of profit in the past year. That being said we sent out larger holiday bonuses to our employees and expanded the stores stock to feature more high-end models of specific products. I am interested in applying for a PSA but am a bit confused on exactly what it would cover.", + "original_question": "Will the PSA be able to cover the company bonuses that were payed out?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1498", + "question": "Scenario: I hold 1000 shares of a construction company. As part of settling a loan from a bank I decided to transfer some of my shares to the bank and the bank agreed as well\n\nQuestion: Are there any stamp duty I have to pay when I transfer my shares to the bank ?\n\nDocument - Tax when you buy shares:\n## Overview\n\nWhen you buy shares, you usually pay a tax or duty of 0.5% on the transaction.\n\nIf you buy:\n\n- shares electronically, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT)\n\n- shares using a stock transfer form, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty if the transaction is over \u00a31,000\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay tax at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.\n\nYou pay tax on the price you pay for the shares, even if their actual market value is much higher.\n\n## Transactions you pay tax on\n\nYou pay tax when you buy:\n\n- existing shares in a company incorporated in the UK\n\n- an option to buy shares\n\n- an interest in shares, for example an interest in the money from selling them\n\n- shares in a foreign company that has a share register in the UK\n\n- rights arising from shares, for example rights you have when new shares are issued\n\n## When you do not pay tax\n\nYou do not have to pay tax if you:\n\n- are given shares for nothing\n\n- subscribe to a new issue of shares in a company\n\n- buy shares in an \u2018open ended investment company\u2019 (OEIC) from the fund manager\n\n- buy units in a unit trust from the fund manager\n\nYou do not normally have to pay Stamp Duty or SDRT if you buy foreign shares outside the UK. But you may have to pay other taxes.\n\n## When you sell the shares\n\nYou may need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your shares.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nContact Stamp Duty share enquiries for general information about Stamp Duty on shares.\n\nContact Stamp Duty Reserve Tax enquiries if you have questions about Stamp Duty on electronic paperless share transactions.\n\nYou can also get professional help (for example, from a tax adviser) with your tax.\n\n## Buying shares electronically\n\nYou\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) if you buy shares electronically through the \u2018CREST\u2019 system (a computerised register of shares and shareowners).\n\nThe tax is taken automatically when you buy the shares, so you do not need to do anything else about your tax.\n\nSDRT is charged at 0.5% when you buy shares electronically.\n\nIf you do not pay cash for your shares but give something else of value to buy them, you pay SDRT based on the value of what you gave.\n\nIf you\u2019re given shares for nothing, you do not have to pay any tax.\n\n## Buying shares \u2018off-market\u2019\n\nYou must also pay SDRT on \u2018off-market\u2019 transactions. This is when shares are transferred outside CREST.\n\n## How to pay\n\nTax is not deducted automatically when you buy shares off-market.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) a written notice with details of the transaction.\n\nIf you do not pay on time, you\u2019ll be charged interest from the due date until the date you pay. You may also get a penalty.\n\n## Buying shares using a stock transfer form\n\nYou must pay Stamp Duty on your shares if:\n\n- you buy shares through a stock transfer form\n\n- the transaction is over \u00a31,000\n\nYou pay 0.5% duty, which will be rounded up to the nearest \u00a35.\n\nFor shares under \u00a31,000, you will not need to pay anything.\n\n## Get a stock transfer form\n\nYou can get a stock transfer form from:\n\n- a broker\n\n- a lawyer or an accountant who deals in shares\n\nYou can also download a stock transfer form from the internet.\n\nFind out what you need to include in a stock transfer form.\n\n## Send the transfer form to HMRC and pay Stamp Duty\n\nYou must send a copy of your stock transfer form to the Stamp Office within 30 days of it being signed and dated.\n\nEmail an electronic version or a scan of your paper form to stampdutymailbox@hmrc.gov.uk.\n\nIf you cannot email your stock transfer form, send a photocopy by post. You must keep the original signed document for your records.\n\nThere is a different address to send a stock transfer form by courier.\n\nYou must also pay the Stamp Duty within 30 days of the stock transfer form being signed and dated.\n\nYou may get a penalty if you do not pay on time.\n\n## Special share arrangements\n\nYou pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) or Stamp Duty at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.\n\nThis is when the shares are transferred to a service operated by a third party (for example, a bank). The shares can then be traded free of Stamp Duty or SDRT.\n\nNot all of these schemes work like this. Sometimes the higher rate is not charged and you pay Stamp Duty or SDRT in the normal way. Check the details of your scheme with your stockbroker.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-buy-shares", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I hold 1000 shares of a construction company. As part of settling a loan from a bank I decided to transfer some of my shares to the bank and the bank agreed as well", + "original_question": "Are there any stamp duty I have to pay when I transfer my shares to the bank ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1500", + "question": "Scenario: I work as a burlesque dancer on a freelance basis, ie my agent finds me work in various different venues. My income varies tremendously according to the availabity of work.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible that my agent is taking a bigger fee than they should be?\n\nDocument - Charge fees as an entertainment and modelling agency:\n## Overview\n\nYou can charge fees as an entertainment and modelling agency for finding someone work.\n\nThe fees you charge depend on if the person is:\n\n- a performer or worker\n\n- a model\n\nWorkers, performers and models need to agree to your terms and conditions before you can charge fees.\n\n## Terms and conditions\n\nTerms and conditions of your service and your fees must be agreed in writing (for example, in a contract) with the worker, performer or model.\n\nThese must include details of:\n\n- the work-finding services that you\u2019ll provide them\n\n- any authority you have to act on behalf of them\n\n- any authorisations to receive any money on behalf of them\n\n- any fees or commissions you\u2019ll charge for finding work\n\n- how your fee or commission will be paid\n\n- how any commissions or fees will be refunded\n\n- the length of time the worker, performer or model needs to give to end the contract\n\n- the length of time you need to give to end a worker, performer or models\u2019s contract\n\n## Fees for performers and workers\n\nYou can\u2019t charge fees or deduct money from an entertainment worker or performer\u2019s earnings until they agree to your terms and conditions.\n\n## Promotional fees for performers and entertainment workers (not models)\n\nYou can only charge upfront fees for listing the worker or performer\u2019s details in promotional publications or on websites to help them find work.\n\nPromotional publication includes listing information in publications or on websites and photographs or audio or video recordings.\n\nYou must give the worker or performer a chance to see any copies.\n\nOther fees or commission for finding work normally come out of the worker or performer\u2019s earnings from the employment that you found.\n\n## Fees for promoting performers\n\nYou can only charge fees 30 days after the start of the contract (if there is a fee for promoting a performer).\n\nIn that 30-day period the performer can cancel or withdraw from the contract without penalty and won\u2019t have to make any payment.\n\nYou need to show the performer any promotional photographs, audio or video before its published. They then have 7 days to object to anything being used.\n\nYou can\u2019t charge the performer until the 7 days is over or you\u2019ve dealt with any reasonable requirement from the performer, whichever is later.\n\nYou can charge fees for the following performers:\n\n- actors\n\n- background artists\n\n- dancers\n\n- extras\n\n- musicians\n\n- singers\n\n- other performers\n\n## Fees for entertainment workers (except models)\n\nIf there is a fee for promoting a worker, you can only charge this 7 days after the start of the contract.\n\nIn that 7-day period:\n\n- the worker can cancel or withdraw from the contract without penalty\n\n- the worker doesn\u2019t have to make any payment under the contract\n\n- the worker can say what information shouldn\u2019t be included in the publication\n\nThis covers the following types of workers:\n\n- composer\n\n- writer\n\n- artist\n\n- director or producer\n\n- production manager\n\n- lighting cameraman, camera operator\n\n- make up artist, clothes, hair or make up stylist\n\n- film editor\n\n- action arranger or co-ordinator, stunt arranger\n\n- costume or production designer\n\n- recording engineer\n\n- property master\n\n- film continuity person\n\n- sound mixer\n\n- photographer\n\n- stage manager\n\n- choreographer or theatre designer\n\n## Refunds for promotional services\n\nWork-seekers have the right to a refund if the promotional information isn\u2019t made available to potential hirers within 60 days of a fee being paid.\n\n## Fees for fashion and photographic models\n\nYou can\u2019t charge fees or deduct money from a model\u2019s earnings until they agree to your terms and conditions.\n\nYou can\u2019t charge any upfront fees for finding work for photographic and fashion models. This includes putting information about the models in a publication or website.\n\nHowever, after you\u2019ve found work for a model you can charge fees for:\n\n- including information about them in a publication or website\n\n- providing a service to find the model work (these fees must have been agreed with the model before you started looking for work for them)\n\n## Fees for other services\n\nYou can charge fees for other services such as producing a photo or show reel. You have to put the terms and conditions for these in a separate document. You need to give this to the performer, model or entertainment worker before providing these services.\n\nYou can\u2019t make using other services you provide a condition of you finding work for someone.\n\nYou can\u2019t charge fees until 30 days after the start of the contract for these services.\u00a0The performer, model or entertainment worker can cancel within these 30 days and won\u2019t have to pay you anything.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/entertainment-and-modelling-agencies", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I work as a burlesque dancer on a freelance basis, ie my agent finds me work in various different venues. My income varies tremendously according to the availabity of work.", + "original_question": "Is it possible that my agent is taking a bigger fee than they should be?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1501", + "question": "Scenario: I own a house with a private garden . My garden fence is only 3 feet from a public road so for more privacy I decided to erect a 8 feet fence but the allowed height is only 6 feet\n\nQuestion: I applied for a permission to have a 8 feet fence. My application was made 10 weeks before but no decision made. Can I appeal ?\n\nDocument - Appeal a decision about a lawful development certificate:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority makes decisions about lawful development certificates.\n\nYou can appeal against a lawful development certificate decision if either:\n\n- you disagree with it\n\n- the decision was not made within 8 weeks (6 weeks for work to a listed building)\n\nDo not appeal if you\u2019ve already been given an enforcement notice. You may have to pay additional costs if you do.\n\nOnly the person who made the lawful development certificate application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nThere\u2019s normally no deadline. If you\u2019re appealing an application about a listed building lawful development certificate, you must appeal within 6 months of the decision.\n\nYou can apply for planning permission at the same time as appealing a lawful development certificate decision.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.\n\nCheck how long appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice - if they did not make a decision, send a copy of the letter acknowledging your application\n\n- all plans, drawings and documents you sent to the local planning authority\n\n- any letters or emails between you and the local planning authority\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit:\n\n- a map of the site\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds of appeal\n\nIf you think your land or building is now lawful because the time limit for enforcement has passed, you also need to submit evidence like:\n\n- dated photographs of the site\n\n- letters from neighbours\n\n- receipts or invoices for work\n\n- plans and drawings\n\nYou can upload these documents or pictures of these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on a lawful development certificate appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal. The deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.\n\nYour local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. The local planning authority has to do this within 2 weeks of the appeal being validated by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nIf there\u2019s going to be an inquiry, interested parties can apply to have \u2018rule 6 status\u2019, which means they\u2019ll play a much bigger part. For example, they can call witnesses and give evidence.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-lawful-development-certificate-decision", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a house with a private garden . My garden fence is only 3 feet from a public road so for more privacy I decided to erect a 8 feet fence but the allowed height is only 6 feet", + "original_question": "I applied for a permission to have a 8 feet fence. My application was made 10 weeks before but no decision made. Can I appeal ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1505", + "question": "Scenario: Recently I purchased a jar of homemade rum butter from a local market. I was verbally assured that it would have no trace of nuts, even though there was no label to this effect. When my son ate some he had an allergic reaction and ended up in hospital. I am very angry about this\n\nQuestion: Was the vendor/manufactuer breaking the law in not correctly labelling their product?\n\nDocument - Food labelling and packaging:\n## Overview\n\nTo sell food and drink products, the label must be:\n\n- clear and easy to read\n\n- permanent\n\n- easy to understand\n\n- easily visible\n\n- not misleading\n\nYou must show certain basic information and list the ingredients. You might also have to show certain warnings.\n\nThere are special regulations for labelling wine.\n\n## Products sold loose or in catering businesses\n\nIf you run a catering business, you sell food loose or package it for sale in your shop, you only need to show:\n\n- the name of the food\n\n- if any of the ingredients have been irradiated, or have come from genetically modified sources\n\n- certain warnings\n\n- any food additive you have added\n\n- allergen information\n\nYou must show more information if you sell meat products loose.\n\n## Packaging\n\nIf you package food yourself, you must use packaging that\u2019s suitable for food use. Suitable packaging is marked \u2018for food contact\u2019 or has a symbol on it that looks like a wine glass and a fork.\n\nThere are special rules for using plastics, ceramics or cellophane for packaging. You must have written evidence that you\u2019ve kept to them.\n\nThis is known as a \u2018declaration of compliance\u2019 and you can get it from your packaging supplier. You also have to get one if you buy food that\u2019s already packaged for sale in any of those materials.\n\nRead the national legislation on food contact materials for England, Northern Ireland, Wales or Scotland.\n\n## Food assurance schemes\n\nYou could also join voluntary food assurance schemes such as Red Tractor or Lion Eggs. These schemes let customers know food has been produced to certain standards, for example on food safety or animal welfare.\n\n## Food labelling - what you must show\n\nYou must show the following information:\n\n- the name of the food\n\n- a \u2018best before\u2019 or \u2018use by\u2019 date\n\n- any necessary warnings\n\n- net quantity information\n\n- a list of ingredients (if there is more than 1)\n\n- the country or place of origin, if required\n\n- the lot number or use-by date\n\n- any special storage conditions\n\n- instructions for use or cooking, if necessary\n\nIf you\u2019re selling food in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland), you must also include the name and address of the UK or EU business responsible for the information on the food. If the business is not in the UK or EU, you must include the name and address of the importer.\n\nIf you\u2019re selling food in Northern Ireland, you must include the name and address of the Northern Irish or EU business responsible for the information on the food. If the business is not in Northern Ireland or the EU, you must include the name and address of the importer.\n\nCheck if there are other food labelling standards you must follow.\n\n## Quantity information\n\nYou must put the net quantity in grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres on the label of:\n\n- packaged food over 5g or 5ml\n\n- packaged herbs and spices\n\nSolid foods packed in a liquid (or an ice glaze) must show the drained net weight.\n\nThe net quantity must be close enough to the name of the food that you can see all this information at the same time. This also applies to the alcoholic strength for alcoholic drinks.\n\nYou do not have to show the weight or volume on foods sold by number, for example 2 bread rolls, provided that you can clearly see the number of items inside the packaging.\n\nRead more guidance on quantity labelling.\n\n## Information you may have to show\n\nYou must also show these if they apply to your product:\n\n- a warning for drinks with an alcohol content above 1.2%\n\n- a warning if the product contains GM ingredients, unless their presence is accidental and 0.9% or less\n\n- a warning if the product has been irradiated\n\n- the words \u2018packaged in a protective atmosphere\u2019 if the food is packaged using a packaging gas\n\n## Country or place of origin\n\nYou must show the country or place of origin for:\n\n- beef, veal, lamb, mutton, pork, goat and poultry\n\n- fish and shellfish\n\n- honey\n\n- olive oil\n\n- wine\n\n- fruit and vegetables\n\nYou can label certain food from EU countries and Northern Ireland as \u2018origin EU\u2019. Food from and sold in Great Britain can be labelled as \u2018origin EU\u2019 until 30 September 2022. Check the rules for when to label meat, fish and shellfish with their country of origin.\n\nYou must also show the country of origin if customers might be misled without this information, for example if the label for a pizza shows the leaning tower of Pisa but the pizza is made in the UK.\n\nIf the primary ingredient in the food comes from somewhere different from where the product says it was made, the label must show this. For example, a pork pie labelled \u2018British\u2019 that\u2019s produced in the UK with pork from Denmark, must state \u2018with pork from Denmark\u2019 or \u2018made with pork from outside the UK\u2019.\n\n## Special rules for some products\n\nThere are special rules about what you have to show on the label if you supply any of the following:\n\n- bottled water\n\n- bread and flour\n\n- cocoa and chocolate products\n\n- fats and oils\n\n- fish\n\n- fruit juices and nectars\n\n- honey\n\n- jams and preserves\n\n- meat and meat products\n\n- milk and milk products\n\n- soluble coffee\n\n- sugar\n\n## Ingredients list\n\nIf your food or drink product has 2 or more ingredients (including any additives), you must list them all. Ingredients must be listed in order of weight, with the main ingredient first.\n\n## Ingredient quantities\n\nYou also have to show the percentage of an ingredient if it is:\n\n- highlighted by the labelling or a picture on a package, for example \u2018extra cheese\u2019\n\n- mentioned in the name of the product, for example \u2018cheese and onion pasty\u2019\n\n- normally connected with the name by the consumer, for example fruit in a summer pudding\n\n## Allergens\n\nYou must highlight allergens on the label using a different font, style or background colour. You must also list them in the ingredients.\n\nThe allergens you need to highlight and list are:\n\n- celery\n\n- cereals containing gluten - including wheat, rye, barley and oats\n\n- crustaceans - including prawns, crab and lobster\n\n- eggs\n\n- fish\n\n- lupin\n\n- milk\n\n- molluscs - including squid, mussels, cockles, whelks and snails\n\n- mustard\n\n- nuts\n\n- peanuts\n\n- sesame seeds\n\n- soya beans\n\n- sulphur dioxide or sulphites at levels above 10mg per kilogram or per litre\n\n## Food and drink warnings\n\nYou must show an appropriate warning on the label if your food contains certain ingredients.\n\n| Ingredient | Wording you must use |\n\n| Allura red (E129) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Aspartame | \u2018Contains a source of phenylalanine\u2019 |\n\n| Caffeine over 150 mg/l | \u2018Not suitable for children, pregnant women and persons sensitive to caffeine\u2019 |\n\n| Carmoisine (E122) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Liquorice | \u2018Contains liquorice\u2019 (you may need extra wording for confectionery or alcohol containing liquorice) |\n\n| Polyols | \u2018Excessive consumption may cause a laxative effect\u2019 |\n\n| Ponceau 4R (E124) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Quinoline yellow (E104) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Raw milk | \u2018This milk has not been heat-treated and may therefore contain organisms harmful to health\u2019 |\n\n| Skimmed milk with non-milk fat | There\u2019s no fixed wording, but you must show a warning that the product is unfit or not to be used for babies. |\n\n| Sulphur dioxide over 10mg/l | \u2018Contains sulphur dioxide (or sulphites/sulfites)\u2019 |\n\n| Sunset yellow (E110) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Sweeteners | \u2018With sweetener(s)\u2019 |\n\n| Sweeteners and sugar | \u2018With sugar and sweetener(s)\u2019 |\n\n| Tartrazine (E102) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n## Nutrition, health claims and supplement labelling\n\n## Nutrition labelling\n\nYou must follow nutrition labelling information rules for all pre-packed products unless both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a small business with under 10 employees and a turnover of less than \u00a31.4 million\n\n- you supply either direct to consumers or to local retailers - local means within your county, your neighbouring county, or up to 30 miles from your county boundary\n\n## Nutrition and health claims\n\nYou have to follow certain rules if you want to make a nutrition claim (for example, low fat) or a health claim (for example, calcium helps maintain normal bones).\n\nYou cannot claim or imply that food can treat, prevent or cure any disease or medical condition.\n\n## Food supplements, fortified foods and foods for specific nutritional uses\n\nYou must follow certain rules if you are manufacturing, selling or importing:\n\n- a food supplement\n\n- a food fortified with vitamins and minerals\n\nThere are also specific rules for \u2018parnuts foods\u2019, for example:\n\n- formula milk for infants and young children\n\n- baby food\n\n- meal and total diet replacement for weight control\n\n- medical foods\n\nYou must tell the Department for Health if you want to sell infant formula or medical food in the UK.\n\n## Organic food\n\nIf you\u2019re a retailer, you can label products \u2018organic\u2019 as long as:\n\n- at least 95% of the farm-grown ingredients are organic\n\n- you sell direct to customers in your shop\n\n## Organic certification\n\nYou must be certified by one of the organic control bodies if you produce or prepare organic food and you want to sell or label it as organic.\n\nYou can decide which body to register with based on your location and needs.\n\nOnce registered you\u2019ll have to:\n\n- follow a strict set of guidelines laid down by national and international law\n\n- keep thorough and accurate records of production processes\n\n- allow annual and random inspections\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to follow the rules for labelling organic products.\n\nYou can check how food labelling rules are enforced.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-labelling-and-packaging", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Recently I purchased a jar of homemade rum butter from a local market. I was verbally assured that it would have no trace of nuts, even though there was no label to this effect. When my son ate some he had an allergic reaction and ended up in hospital. I am very angry about this", + "original_question": "Was the vendor/manufactuer breaking the law in not correctly labelling their product?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1507", + "question": "Scenario: I use a car for my small home delivery business. The car is used exclusively for business purposes and not for private use.SI\n\nQuestion: Is there a distinction between business and private use when it come to vehicle ownership?\n\nDocument - Claim capital allowances:\n## Overview\n\nYou can claim capital allowances when you buy assets that you keep to use in your business, for example:\n\n- equipment\n\n- machinery\n\n- business vehicles, for example cars, vans or lorries\n\nThese are known as plant and machinery.\n\nYou can deduct some or all of the value of the item from your profits before you pay tax.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and have an income of \u00a3150,000 or less a year, you may be able to use a simpler system called cash basis instead.\n\n## Work out the value of your item\n\nIn most cases, the value is what you paid for the item. Use the market value (the amount you\u2019d expect to sell it for) instead if:\n\n- you owned it before you started using it in your business\n\n- it was a gift\n\n## Other business costs\n\nYou claim for the cost of things that are not business assets in a different way. This includes:\n\n- your business\u2019s day-to-day running costs\n\n- items that it\u2019s your trade to buy and sell\n\n- interest payments or finance costs for buying assets\n\nClaim these costs as business expenses if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner, or deduct from your profits as a business cost if you\u2019re a limited company.\n\n## Other capital allowances\n\nAs well as plant and machinery, you can also claim capital allowances for:\n\n- renovating business premises in disadvantaged areas of the UK\n\n- extracting minerals\n\n- research and development\n\n- \u2018know-how\u2019 (intellectual property about industrial techniques)\n\n- patents\n\n- dredging\n\n- structure and buildings\n\n## If you let out residential property\n\nYou can only claim for items in residential property if your business qualifies as a furnished holiday lettings business. In each year the property must be:\n\n- available for holiday letting for 210 days\n\n- let for 105 days or more\n\n## What you can claim on\n\nYou can claim capital allowances on items that you keep to use in your business - these are known as \u2018plant and machinery\u2019.\n\nIn most cases you can deduct the full cost of these items from your profits before tax using annual investment allowance (AIA).\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and have an income of \u00a3150,000 or less a year, you may be able to use a simpler system called cash basis instead.\n\n## What does not count as plant and machinery\n\nYou cannot claim capital allowances on:\n\n- things you lease - you must own them\n\n- buildings, including doors, gates, shutters, mains water and gas systems\n\n- land and structures, for example bridges, roads, docks\n\n- items used only for business entertainment, for example a yacht or karaoke machine\n\n## What counts as plant and machinery\n\nPlant and machinery includes:\n\n- items that you keep to use in your business, including cars\n\n- costs of demolishing plant and machinery\n\n- parts of a building considered integral, known as \u2018integral features\u2019\n\n- some fixtures, for example fitted kitchens or bathroom suites\n\n- alterations to a building to install other plant and machinery - this does not include repairs\n\nClaim repairs as business expenses if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner - deduct from your profits as a business cost if you\u2019re a limited company.\n\n## Integral features\n\nIntegral features are:\n\n- lifts, escalators and moving walkways\n\n- space and water heating systems\n\n- air-conditioning and air cooling systems\n\n- hot and cold water systems (but not toilet and kitchen facilities)\n\n- electrical systems, including lighting systems\n\n- external solar shading\n\n## Fixtures\n\nYou can claim for fixtures, for example:\n\n- fitted kitchens\n\n- bathroom suites\n\n- fire alarm and CCTV systems\n\nYou can claim if you rent or own the building, but only the person who bought the item can claim.\n\nWhen you buy a building from a previous business owner you can only claim for integral features and fixtures that they claimed for.\n\nYou must agree the value of the fixtures with the seller. If you do not you cannot claim for them. Agreeing the value also means the person selling the assets can account correctly for them.\n\n## If you let residential property\n\nYou can only claim for items in residential property if either:\n\n- you run a furnished holiday lettings business\n\n- the item is in the common parts of a residential building, for example a table in the hallway of a block of flats\n\n## Care workers\n\nThere are special rules if you run a care business.\n\n## Annual investment allowance\n\nYou can deduct the full value of an item that qualifies for annual investment allowance (AIA) from your profits before tax.\n\nIf you sell the item after claiming AIA you may need to pay tax.\n\n## What you can claim on\n\nYou can claim AIA on most plant and machinery up to the AIA amount.\n\n## What you cannot claim on\n\nYou cannot claim AIA on:\n\n- cars\n\n- items you owned for another reason before you started using them in your business\n\n- items given to you or your business\n\nClaim writing down allowances instead.\n\n## The AIA amount\n\nThe AIA amount has temporarily increased to \u00a31 million between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020.\n\n## Changes to the AIA\n\nThe\u00a0AIA\u00a0amount has changed several times since April 2008.\n\nIf the AIA changed in the period you\u2019re claiming for, you need to adjust the amount you can claim.\n\n| AIA | Sole traders/partners | Limited companies |\n\n| 1 million | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020 | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020 |\n\n| \u00a3200,000 | 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2018 | 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2018 |\n\n| \u00a3500,000 | 6 April 2014 - 31 December 2015 | 1 April 2014 - 31 December 2015 |\n\n| \u00a3250,000 | 1 January 2013 - 5 April 2014 | 1 January 2013 - 31 March 2014 |\n\n| \u00a325,000 | 6 April 2012 - 31 December 2012 | 1 April 2012 - 31 December 2012 |\n\n| \u00a3100,000 | 6 April 2010 - 5 April 2012 | 1 April 2010 - 31 March 2012 |\n\n| \u00a350,000 | 6 April 2008 - 5 April 2010 | 1 April 2008 - 31 March 2010 |\n\nYou get a new allowance for each accounting period.\n\n## If your accounting period is more or less than 12 months\n\nAdjust your AIA if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.\n\nThe rules are different if your accounting period is longer than 18 months or you have a gap or overlap between accounting periods.\n\n## When you can claim\n\nYou can only claim AIA in the period you bought the item.\n\nThe date you bought it is:\n\n- when you signed the contract, if payment is due within less than 4 months\n\n- when payment\u2019s due, if it\u2019s due more than 4 months later\n\nIf you buy something under a hire purchase contract you can claim for the payments you have not made yet when you start using the item. You cannot claim on the interest payments.\n\nIf your business closes, you cannot claim AIA for items bought in the final accounting period.\n\n## If you do not want to claim the full cost\n\nIf you do not want to claim the full cost, for example you have low profits, you can claim:\n\n- writing down allowances instead\n\n- part of the cost as AIA and part as writing down allowances\n\n## Items you also use outside your business\n\nYou cannot claim the full value of items you also use outside your business if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner. Reduce the capital allowances you claim by the amount you use the asset outside your business.\n\n## If you spend more than the AIA amount\n\nClaim writing down allowances on any amount above the AIA. If a single item takes you above the AIA amount you can split the value between the types of allowance.\n\n## Mixed partnerships\n\nAIA is not available for partnerships where one of the partners is a company or another partnership.\n\n## More than one business or trade\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner and you have more than one business or trade, each business usually gets an AIA.\n\nYou only get one AIA if the businesses are both:\n\n- controlled by the same person\n\n- in the same premises or have similar activities\n\nIf 2 or more limited companies are controlled by the same person they only get one AIA between them. They can choose how to share the AIA.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim on your tax return.\n\n## First year allowances\n\nIf you buy an asset that qualifies for first year allowances you can deduct the full cost from your profits before tax.\n\nYou can claim first year allowances in addition to annual investment allowance - they do not count towards your AIA limit.\n\n## What qualifies\n\nYou can claim \u2018enhanced capital allowances\u2019 (a type of first year allowances) for the following energy and water efficient equipment:\n\n- some cars with low CO2 emissions\n\n- energy saving equipment that\u2019s on the energy technology product list, for example certain motors\n\n- water saving equipment that\u2019s on the water efficient technologies product list, for example meters, efficient toilets and taps\n\n- plant and machinery for gas refuelling stations, for example storage tanks, pumps\n\n- gas, biogas and hydrogen refuelling equipment\n\n- new zero-emission goods vehicles\n\nYou cannot normally claim on items your business buys to lease to other people or for use within a home you let out.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim on your tax return.\n\nIf you do not claim all the first year allowances you\u2019re entitled to, you can claim part of the cost in the next accounting period using writing down allowances.\n\n## Business cars\n\nYou can claim capital allowances on cars you buy and use in your business. This means you can deduct part of the value from your profits before you pay tax.\n\nUse writing down allowances to work out what you can claim - cars do not qualify for annual investment allowance (AIA).\n\n## Sole traders and partners\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner you can claim simplified mileage expenses on business vehicles instead - as long as you have not already claimed for them in another way.\n\n## Employees\n\nIf you\u2019re an employee you cannot claim capital allowances for cars, motorbikes and bicycles you use for work, but you may be able to claim for business mileage and fuel costs.\n\n## What counts as a car\n\nFor capital allowances a car is a type of vehicle that:\n\n- is suitable for private use - this includes motorhomes\n\n- most people use privately\n\n- was not built for transporting goods\n\n## What does not count\n\nBecause they do not count as cars you can claim AIA on:\n\n- motorcycles - apart from those bought before 6 April 2009\n\n- lorries, vans and trucks\n\n## Rates for cars\n\nThe rate you can claim depends on the CO2 emissions of your car and the date you bought it.\n\nThe main and special rates apply from 1 April for limited companies, and 6 April for sole traders and partners. The first year allowances rate applies from 1 April for all businesses.\n\n## Cars bought from April 2021\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 0g/km (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 1g/km and 50g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are between 1g/km and 50g/km (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 50g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2018 and April 2021\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 50g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 50g/km and 110g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 110g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 110g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2015 and April 2018\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 75g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 75g/km and 130g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 130g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 130g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2013 and April 2015\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 95g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 95g/km and 130g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 130g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 130g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2009 and April 2013\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 110g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 110g/km and 160g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 160g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions above 160g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\nMove the balance of any cars bought before April 2009 to your main rate allowances pool.\n\nIf your car does not have an emissions figure use the special rate - use the main rate if it was registered before 1 March 2001.\n\n## Using cars outside your business\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and you also use your car outside your business, calculate how much you can claim based on the amount of business use.\n\nIf your business provides a car for an employee or director you can claim capital allowances on the full cost. You may need to report it as a benefit if they use it personally.\n\n## How to claim\n\nWhen you\u2019ve worked out your capital allowances, claim on your:\n\n- Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- partnership tax return if you\u2019re a partner\n\n- Company Tax Return if you\u2019re a limited company - you must include a separate capital allowances calculation\n\nEmployees must claim in a different way.\n\nThe amount you can claim is deducted from your profits.\n\n## When you can claim\n\nYou must claim in the accounting period you bought the item if you want to claim the full value under:\n\n- annual investment allowance\n\n- first year allowances\n\nIf you do not want to claim the full value you can claim part of it using writing down allowances. You can do this at any time as long as you still own the item.\n\n## When you bought it\n\nThe date you bought it is:\n\n- when you signed the contract, if payment is due within less than 4 months\n\n- when payment\u2019s due, if it\u2019s due more than 4 months later\n\nIf you buy something under a hire purchase contract you can claim for the payments you have not made yet when you start using the item. You cannot claim on the interest payments.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-allowances", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I use a car for my small home delivery business. The car is used exclusively for business purposes and not for private use.SI", + "original_question": "Is there a distinction between business and private use when it come to vehicle ownership?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1509", + "question": "Scenario: I make homemade toffee and fudge to sell at a local market store. This is sold loose according to how much the customer wants.\n\nQuestion: Could I be in trouble if I sold the goods in imperial units?\n\nDocument - Weights and measures: the law:\n## Units of measurement\n\nYou must use metric measurements (grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres) when selling packaged or loose goods in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nThere are different rules in Northern Ireland.\n\nThe only products you can sell in imperial measures are:\n\n- draught beer or cider by pint\n\n- milk in returnable containers by pint\n\n- precious metals by troy ounce\n\nYou can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.\n\n## Specified quantities\n\nSome goods must be sold in fixed sizes known as \u2018specified quantities\u2019.\n\n## Alcohol\n\nThere are different rules depending on whether you\u2019re selling by the glass or bottle.\n\n## By the glass\n\n| | Measures |\n\n| Still wine | 125ml, 175ml, multiples of 125ml and 175ml |\n\n| Port, sherry or other fortified wine | 50ml, 70ml, multiples of 50ml or 70ml |\n\n| Gin, rum, vodka and whisky | Either 25ml and multiples of 25ml, or 35ml and multiples of 35ml (not both on the same premises) |\n\n| Draught beer and cider | Third, half, two-thirds of a pint and multiples of half a pint |\n\nThere are no specified quantities for sparkling wine or yellow wine by the glass or spirits other than gin, rum, vodka and whisky.\n\n## Packaged in bottles, boxes or similar\n\n| | Volume by millilitre (ml) |\n\n| Still wine | 100, 187, 250, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 |\n\n| Yellow wine | 620 |\n\n| Sparkling wine | 125, 200, 375, 750, 1500 |\n\n| Fortified wine | 100, 200, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 |\n\n| Spirit drinks | 100, 200, 350, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 1750, 2000 |\n\nYou can sell packaged alcohol in any volume if it\u2019s below the minimum or above the maximum allowed for specified quantities.\n\n| | Minimum (ml) | Maximum (ml) |\n\n| Still wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Yellow wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Sparkling wine | 125 | 1500 |\n\n| Fortified wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Spirit drinks | 100 | 2000 |\n\nThere are no specified quantities for packaged beer or cider.\n\n## Solid fuel\n\nYou can sell sealed bags of solid fuel in any size you wish but if you\u2019re selling it loose, you can only sell it in quantities of:\n\n- 25kg\n\n- 50kg\n\n- multiples of 50kg\n\n## Packaged goods\n\nPackaged goods are products that are all of these:\n\n- sold sealed\n\n- between 5g and 25kg or 5ml and 25 litres\n\n- the same weight or volume as other products of the same type\n\nThere are 2 ways to pack your products.\n\n## Minimum system\n\nYou can pack your products so that they contain at least the quantity displayed on the label. The packages can contain more than the label says, but not less.\n\n## Average system\n\nYou can pack your products to an average measurement that is on the label. You must check your packages to make sure a random sample is packed to meet all these rules - known as the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules\u2019:\n\n- the contents of the packages must not be less, on average, than the weight on the label\n\n- only a small number can fall below a certain margin of error, known as the \u2018tolerable negative error\u2019 (TNE)\n\n- no package can be underweight by more than twice the TNE\n\n| Quantity in grams and millilitres | TNE as % of quantity | TNE in grams or millilitres |\n\n| 5 to 50 | 9 | n/a |\n\n| 50 to 100 | n/a | 4.5 |\n\n| 100 to 200 | 4.5 | n/a |\n\n| 200 to 300 | n/a | 9 |\n\n| 300 to 500 | 3 | n/a |\n\n| 500 to 1,000 | n/a | 15 |\n\n| 1,000 to 10,000 | 1.5 | n/a |\n\n| 10,000 to 15,000 | n/a | 150 |\n\n| more than 15,000 | 1 | n/a |\n\nIf you\u2019re calculating the TNE as a percentage of the quantity, you must round up the weight or volume to the nearest 0.10 of a gram or millilitre.\n\nContact your local Trading Standards office for help with packing to the average system.\n\nRead the \u2018Weights and Measures (Packaged Goods) 2006\u2019 guidance for business for more information.\n\nYou must make sure packaged goods you\u2019re producing or importing are packed and labelled correctly.\n\nYou can be fined or sent to prison if you break the rules.\n\n## Equipment and records\n\n## Equipment for packaged goods\n\nThe equipment you use to weigh or measure your packaged goods has to be suitable. There are no hard and fast rules about what equipment you should use but you cannot use domestic scales to weigh goods you intend to sell.\n\nYour local Trading Standards office will tell you what is suitable equipment for your business sector.\n\nTrading Standards will check the weights and measures of your goods on your production line to make sure the equipment is accurate.\n\n## Records\n\nYou must keep records if you pack your products using the average system. You must record the results of your sample batches and show that they meet the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules.\n\nYou do not have to keep records if you measure every package or you use the minimum system to pack your products.\n\nYou must keep your records for at least one year from either the date you ship the packages or the \u2018use by\u2019 date on the package - whichever is shorter.\n\nYour local Trading Standards office can advise you about how to keep records.\n\n## Labelling packaged goods\n\nYou must put the weight or volume of your packaged goods on the label.\n\nThe quantity marking must be:\n\n- permanent\n\n- easy to see\n\n- meet a minimum height requirement\n\nYou can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.\n\n## Food\n\nRead the rules about what you must show on packaged food labels.\n\n## Exporting packaged goods\n\nYou must meet the rules for packaged goods in the country you\u2019re exporting to.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I make homemade toffee and fudge to sell at a local market store. This is sold loose according to how much the customer wants.", + "original_question": "Could I be in trouble if I sold the goods in imperial units?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1511", + "question": "Scenario: I am setting up a small business from home selling honey from Greece in the UK. The honey comes in ceramic pots and I have bought it as already packaged to sell. \n\nQuestion: do I still need a declaration of compliance?\n\nDocument - Food labelling and packaging:\n## Overview\n\nTo sell food and drink products, the label must be:\n\n- clear and easy to read\n\n- permanent\n\n- easy to understand\n\n- easily visible\n\n- not misleading\n\nYou must show certain basic information and list the ingredients. You might also have to show certain warnings.\n\nThere are special regulations for labelling wine.\n\n## Products sold loose or in catering businesses\n\nIf you run a catering business, you sell food loose or package it for sale in your shop, you only need to show:\n\n- the name of the food\n\n- if any of the ingredients have been irradiated, or have come from genetically modified sources\n\n- certain warnings\n\n- any food additive you have added\n\n- allergen information\n\nYou must show more information if you sell meat products loose.\n\n## Packaging\n\nIf you package food yourself, you must use packaging that\u2019s suitable for food use. Suitable packaging is marked \u2018for food contact\u2019 or has a symbol on it that looks like a wine glass and a fork.\n\nThere are special rules for using plastics, ceramics or cellophane for packaging. You must have written evidence that you\u2019ve kept to them.\n\nThis is known as a \u2018declaration of compliance\u2019 and you can get it from your packaging supplier. You also have to get one if you buy food that\u2019s already packaged for sale in any of those materials.\n\nRead the national legislation on food contact materials for England, Northern Ireland, Wales or Scotland.\n\n## Food assurance schemes\n\nYou could also join voluntary food assurance schemes such as Red Tractor or Lion Eggs. These schemes let customers know food has been produced to certain standards, for example on food safety or animal welfare.\n\n## Food labelling - what you must show\n\nYou must show the following information:\n\n- the name of the food\n\n- a \u2018best before\u2019 or \u2018use by\u2019 date\n\n- any necessary warnings\n\n- net quantity information\n\n- a list of ingredients (if there is more than 1)\n\n- the country or place of origin, if required\n\n- the lot number or use-by date\n\n- any special storage conditions\n\n- instructions for use or cooking, if necessary\n\nIf you\u2019re selling food in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland), you must also include the name and address of the UK or EU business responsible for the information on the food. If the business is not in the UK or EU, you must include the name and address of the importer.\n\nIf you\u2019re selling food in Northern Ireland, you must include the name and address of the Northern Irish or EU business responsible for the information on the food. If the business is not in Northern Ireland or the EU, you must include the name and address of the importer.\n\nCheck if there are other food labelling standards you must follow.\n\n## Quantity information\n\nYou must put the net quantity in grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres on the label of:\n\n- packaged food over 5g or 5ml\n\n- packaged herbs and spices\n\nSolid foods packed in a liquid (or an ice glaze) must show the drained net weight.\n\nThe net quantity must be close enough to the name of the food that you can see all this information at the same time. This also applies to the alcoholic strength for alcoholic drinks.\n\nYou do not have to show the weight or volume on foods sold by number, for example 2 bread rolls, provided that you can clearly see the number of items inside the packaging.\n\nRead more guidance on quantity labelling.\n\n## Information you may have to show\n\nYou must also show these if they apply to your product:\n\n- a warning for drinks with an alcohol content above 1.2%\n\n- a warning if the product contains GM ingredients, unless their presence is accidental and 0.9% or less\n\n- a warning if the product has been irradiated\n\n- the words \u2018packaged in a protective atmosphere\u2019 if the food is packaged using a packaging gas\n\n## Country or place of origin\n\nYou must show the country or place of origin for:\n\n- beef, veal, lamb, mutton, pork, goat and poultry\n\n- fish and shellfish\n\n- honey\n\n- olive oil\n\n- wine\n\n- fruit and vegetables\n\nYou can label certain food from EU countries and Northern Ireland as \u2018origin EU\u2019. Food from and sold in Great Britain can be labelled as \u2018origin EU\u2019 until 30 September 2022. Check the rules for when to label meat, fish and shellfish with their country of origin.\n\nYou must also show the country of origin if customers might be misled without this information, for example if the label for a pizza shows the leaning tower of Pisa but the pizza is made in the UK.\n\nIf the primary ingredient in the food comes from somewhere different from where the product says it was made, the label must show this. For example, a pork pie labelled \u2018British\u2019 that\u2019s produced in the UK with pork from Denmark, must state \u2018with pork from Denmark\u2019 or \u2018made with pork from outside the UK\u2019.\n\n## Special rules for some products\n\nThere are special rules about what you have to show on the label if you supply any of the following:\n\n- bottled water\n\n- bread and flour\n\n- cocoa and chocolate products\n\n- fats and oils\n\n- fish\n\n- fruit juices and nectars\n\n- honey\n\n- jams and preserves\n\n- meat and meat products\n\n- milk and milk products\n\n- soluble coffee\n\n- sugar\n\n## Ingredients list\n\nIf your food or drink product has 2 or more ingredients (including any additives), you must list them all. Ingredients must be listed in order of weight, with the main ingredient first.\n\n## Ingredient quantities\n\nYou also have to show the percentage of an ingredient if it is:\n\n- highlighted by the labelling or a picture on a package, for example \u2018extra cheese\u2019\n\n- mentioned in the name of the product, for example \u2018cheese and onion pasty\u2019\n\n- normally connected with the name by the consumer, for example fruit in a summer pudding\n\n## Allergens\n\nYou must highlight allergens on the label using a different font, style or background colour. You must also list them in the ingredients.\n\nThe allergens you need to highlight and list are:\n\n- celery\n\n- cereals containing gluten - including wheat, rye, barley and oats\n\n- crustaceans - including prawns, crab and lobster\n\n- eggs\n\n- fish\n\n- lupin\n\n- milk\n\n- molluscs - including squid, mussels, cockles, whelks and snails\n\n- mustard\n\n- nuts\n\n- peanuts\n\n- sesame seeds\n\n- soya beans\n\n- sulphur dioxide or sulphites at levels above 10mg per kilogram or per litre\n\n## Food and drink warnings\n\nYou must show an appropriate warning on the label if your food contains certain ingredients.\n\n| Ingredient | Wording you must use |\n\n| Allura red (E129) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Aspartame | \u2018Contains a source of phenylalanine\u2019 |\n\n| Caffeine over 150 mg/l | \u2018Not suitable for children, pregnant women and persons sensitive to caffeine\u2019 |\n\n| Carmoisine (E122) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Liquorice | \u2018Contains liquorice\u2019 (you may need extra wording for confectionery or alcohol containing liquorice) |\n\n| Polyols | \u2018Excessive consumption may cause a laxative effect\u2019 |\n\n| Ponceau 4R (E124) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Quinoline yellow (E104) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Raw milk | \u2018This milk has not been heat-treated and may therefore contain organisms harmful to health\u2019 |\n\n| Skimmed milk with non-milk fat | There\u2019s no fixed wording, but you must show a warning that the product is unfit or not to be used for babies. |\n\n| Sulphur dioxide over 10mg/l | \u2018Contains sulphur dioxide (or sulphites/sulfites)\u2019 |\n\n| Sunset yellow (E110) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Sweeteners | \u2018With sweetener(s)\u2019 |\n\n| Sweeteners and sugar | \u2018With sugar and sweetener(s)\u2019 |\n\n| Tartrazine (E102) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n## Nutrition, health claims and supplement labelling\n\n## Nutrition labelling\n\nYou must follow nutrition labelling information rules for all pre-packed products unless both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a small business with under 10 employees and a turnover of less than \u00a31.4 million\n\n- you supply either direct to consumers or to local retailers - local means within your county, your neighbouring county, or up to 30 miles from your county boundary\n\n## Nutrition and health claims\n\nYou have to follow certain rules if you want to make a nutrition claim (for example, low fat) or a health claim (for example, calcium helps maintain normal bones).\n\nYou cannot claim or imply that food can treat, prevent or cure any disease or medical condition.\n\n## Food supplements, fortified foods and foods for specific nutritional uses\n\nYou must follow certain rules if you are manufacturing, selling or importing:\n\n- a food supplement\n\n- a food fortified with vitamins and minerals\n\nThere are also specific rules for \u2018parnuts foods\u2019, for example:\n\n- formula milk for infants and young children\n\n- baby food\n\n- meal and total diet replacement for weight control\n\n- medical foods\n\nYou must tell the Department for Health if you want to sell infant formula or medical food in the UK.\n\n## Organic food\n\nIf you\u2019re a retailer, you can label products \u2018organic\u2019 as long as:\n\n- at least 95% of the farm-grown ingredients are organic\n\n- you sell direct to customers in your shop\n\n## Organic certification\n\nYou must be certified by one of the organic control bodies if you produce or prepare organic food and you want to sell or label it as organic.\n\nYou can decide which body to register with based on your location and needs.\n\nOnce registered you\u2019ll have to:\n\n- follow a strict set of guidelines laid down by national and international law\n\n- keep thorough and accurate records of production processes\n\n- allow annual and random inspections\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to follow the rules for labelling organic products.\n\nYou can check how food labelling rules are enforced.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-labelling-and-packaging", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am setting up a small business from home selling honey from Greece in the UK. The honey comes in ceramic pots and I have bought it as already packaged to sell. ", + "original_question": "do I still need a declaration of compliance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1512", + "question": "Scenario: As a sole trader, if I am selling a product that is very long lasting on my stall at the village fair, such as apple cider vinegar. \n\nQuestion: Can I safely drop the 'best before date' on the food packaging?\n\nDocument - Food labelling and packaging:\n## Overview\n\nTo sell food and drink products, the label must be:\n\n- clear and easy to read\n\n- permanent\n\n- easy to understand\n\n- easily visible\n\n- not misleading\n\nYou must show certain basic information and list the ingredients. You might also have to show certain warnings.\n\nThere are special regulations for labelling wine.\n\n## Products sold loose or in catering businesses\n\nIf you run a catering business, you sell food loose or package it for sale in your shop, you only need to show:\n\n- the name of the food\n\n- if any of the ingredients have been irradiated, or have come from genetically modified sources\n\n- certain warnings\n\n- any food additive you have added\n\n- allergen information\n\nYou must show more information if you sell meat products loose.\n\n## Packaging\n\nIf you package food yourself, you must use packaging that\u2019s suitable for food use. Suitable packaging is marked \u2018for food contact\u2019 or has a symbol on it that looks like a wine glass and a fork.\n\nThere are special rules for using plastics, ceramics or cellophane for packaging. You must have written evidence that you\u2019ve kept to them.\n\nThis is known as a \u2018declaration of compliance\u2019 and you can get it from your packaging supplier. You also have to get one if you buy food that\u2019s already packaged for sale in any of those materials.\n\nRead the national legislation on food contact materials for England, Northern Ireland, Wales or Scotland.\n\n## Food assurance schemes\n\nYou could also join voluntary food assurance schemes such as Red Tractor or Lion Eggs. These schemes let customers know food has been produced to certain standards, for example on food safety or animal welfare.\n\n## Food labelling - what you must show\n\nYou must show the following information:\n\n- the name of the food\n\n- a \u2018best before\u2019 or \u2018use by\u2019 date\n\n- any necessary warnings\n\n- net quantity information\n\n- a list of ingredients (if there is more than 1)\n\n- the country or place of origin, if required\n\n- the lot number or use-by date\n\n- any special storage conditions\n\n- instructions for use or cooking, if necessary\n\nIf you\u2019re selling food in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland), you must also include the name and address of the UK or EU business responsible for the information on the food. If the business is not in the UK or EU, you must include the name and address of the importer.\n\nIf you\u2019re selling food in Northern Ireland, you must include the name and address of the Northern Irish or EU business responsible for the information on the food. If the business is not in Northern Ireland or the EU, you must include the name and address of the importer.\n\nCheck if there are other food labelling standards you must follow.\n\n## Quantity information\n\nYou must put the net quantity in grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres on the label of:\n\n- packaged food over 5g or 5ml\n\n- packaged herbs and spices\n\nSolid foods packed in a liquid (or an ice glaze) must show the drained net weight.\n\nThe net quantity must be close enough to the name of the food that you can see all this information at the same time. This also applies to the alcoholic strength for alcoholic drinks.\n\nYou do not have to show the weight or volume on foods sold by number, for example 2 bread rolls, provided that you can clearly see the number of items inside the packaging.\n\nRead more guidance on quantity labelling.\n\n## Information you may have to show\n\nYou must also show these if they apply to your product:\n\n- a warning for drinks with an alcohol content above 1.2%\n\n- a warning if the product contains GM ingredients, unless their presence is accidental and 0.9% or less\n\n- a warning if the product has been irradiated\n\n- the words \u2018packaged in a protective atmosphere\u2019 if the food is packaged using a packaging gas\n\n## Country or place of origin\n\nYou must show the country or place of origin for:\n\n- beef, veal, lamb, mutton, pork, goat and poultry\n\n- fish and shellfish\n\n- honey\n\n- olive oil\n\n- wine\n\n- fruit and vegetables\n\nYou can label certain food from EU countries and Northern Ireland as \u2018origin EU\u2019. Food from and sold in Great Britain can be labelled as \u2018origin EU\u2019 until 30 September 2022. Check the rules for when to label meat, fish and shellfish with their country of origin.\n\nYou must also show the country of origin if customers might be misled without this information, for example if the label for a pizza shows the leaning tower of Pisa but the pizza is made in the UK.\n\nIf the primary ingredient in the food comes from somewhere different from where the product says it was made, the label must show this. For example, a pork pie labelled \u2018British\u2019 that\u2019s produced in the UK with pork from Denmark, must state \u2018with pork from Denmark\u2019 or \u2018made with pork from outside the UK\u2019.\n\n## Special rules for some products\n\nThere are special rules about what you have to show on the label if you supply any of the following:\n\n- bottled water\n\n- bread and flour\n\n- cocoa and chocolate products\n\n- fats and oils\n\n- fish\n\n- fruit juices and nectars\n\n- honey\n\n- jams and preserves\n\n- meat and meat products\n\n- milk and milk products\n\n- soluble coffee\n\n- sugar\n\n## Ingredients list\n\nIf your food or drink product has 2 or more ingredients (including any additives), you must list them all. Ingredients must be listed in order of weight, with the main ingredient first.\n\n## Ingredient quantities\n\nYou also have to show the percentage of an ingredient if it is:\n\n- highlighted by the labelling or a picture on a package, for example \u2018extra cheese\u2019\n\n- mentioned in the name of the product, for example \u2018cheese and onion pasty\u2019\n\n- normally connected with the name by the consumer, for example fruit in a summer pudding\n\n## Allergens\n\nYou must highlight allergens on the label using a different font, style or background colour. You must also list them in the ingredients.\n\nThe allergens you need to highlight and list are:\n\n- celery\n\n- cereals containing gluten - including wheat, rye, barley and oats\n\n- crustaceans - including prawns, crab and lobster\n\n- eggs\n\n- fish\n\n- lupin\n\n- milk\n\n- molluscs - including squid, mussels, cockles, whelks and snails\n\n- mustard\n\n- nuts\n\n- peanuts\n\n- sesame seeds\n\n- soya beans\n\n- sulphur dioxide or sulphites at levels above 10mg per kilogram or per litre\n\n## Food and drink warnings\n\nYou must show an appropriate warning on the label if your food contains certain ingredients.\n\n| Ingredient | Wording you must use |\n\n| Allura red (E129) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Aspartame | \u2018Contains a source of phenylalanine\u2019 |\n\n| Caffeine over 150 mg/l | \u2018Not suitable for children, pregnant women and persons sensitive to caffeine\u2019 |\n\n| Carmoisine (E122) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Liquorice | \u2018Contains liquorice\u2019 (you may need extra wording for confectionery or alcohol containing liquorice) |\n\n| Polyols | \u2018Excessive consumption may cause a laxative effect\u2019 |\n\n| Ponceau 4R (E124) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Quinoline yellow (E104) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Raw milk | \u2018This milk has not been heat-treated and may therefore contain organisms harmful to health\u2019 |\n\n| Skimmed milk with non-milk fat | There\u2019s no fixed wording, but you must show a warning that the product is unfit or not to be used for babies. |\n\n| Sulphur dioxide over 10mg/l | \u2018Contains sulphur dioxide (or sulphites/sulfites)\u2019 |\n\n| Sunset yellow (E110) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Sweeteners | \u2018With sweetener(s)\u2019 |\n\n| Sweeteners and sugar | \u2018With sugar and sweetener(s)\u2019 |\n\n| Tartrazine (E102) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n## Nutrition, health claims and supplement labelling\n\n## Nutrition labelling\n\nYou must follow nutrition labelling information rules for all pre-packed products unless both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a small business with under 10 employees and a turnover of less than \u00a31.4 million\n\n- you supply either direct to consumers or to local retailers - local means within your county, your neighbouring county, or up to 30 miles from your county boundary\n\n## Nutrition and health claims\n\nYou have to follow certain rules if you want to make a nutrition claim (for example, low fat) or a health claim (for example, calcium helps maintain normal bones).\n\nYou cannot claim or imply that food can treat, prevent or cure any disease or medical condition.\n\n## Food supplements, fortified foods and foods for specific nutritional uses\n\nYou must follow certain rules if you are manufacturing, selling or importing:\n\n- a food supplement\n\n- a food fortified with vitamins and minerals\n\nThere are also specific rules for \u2018parnuts foods\u2019, for example:\n\n- formula milk for infants and young children\n\n- baby food\n\n- meal and total diet replacement for weight control\n\n- medical foods\n\nYou must tell the Department for Health if you want to sell infant formula or medical food in the UK.\n\n## Organic food\n\nIf you\u2019re a retailer, you can label products \u2018organic\u2019 as long as:\n\n- at least 95% of the farm-grown ingredients are organic\n\n- you sell direct to customers in your shop\n\n## Organic certification\n\nYou must be certified by one of the organic control bodies if you produce or prepare organic food and you want to sell or label it as organic.\n\nYou can decide which body to register with based on your location and needs.\n\nOnce registered you\u2019ll have to:\n\n- follow a strict set of guidelines laid down by national and international law\n\n- keep thorough and accurate records of production processes\n\n- allow annual and random inspections\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to follow the rules for labelling organic products.\n\nYou can check how food labelling rules are enforced.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-labelling-and-packaging", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "As a sole trader, if I am selling a product that is very long lasting on my stall at the village fair, such as apple cider vinegar. ", + "original_question": "Can I safely drop the 'best before date' on the food packaging?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1513", + "question": "Scenario: My company operates a few food stands in a few cities. The last 12 months our profits plummeted and we are in debt of over \u00a35000. As it stands it would appear that I we are unable to maintain operation for long. I have a business partner and we both own 50% of the business. He believes we will be able to get back on our feet and turn a profit in the next 6 months.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply to liquidate the company if I own only 50%?\n\nDocument - Liquidate your limited company:\n## Overview\n\nYou can choose to liquidate your limited company (also called \u2018winding up\u2019 a company).\n\nThe company will stop doing business and employing people. The company will not exist once it\u2019s been removed (\u2018struck off\u2019) from the companies register at Companies House.\n\nWhen you liquidate a company, its assets are used to pay off its debts. Any money left goes to shareholders. You\u2019ll need a validation order to access your company bank account.\n\nIf that money has not been shared between the shareholders by the time the company is removed from the register, it will go to the state.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to restore your company to claim back money after it\u2019s been removed from the register.\n\nThere are 3 types of liquidation:\n\n- creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation - your company cannot pay its debts and you involve your creditors when you liquidate it\n\n- compulsory liquidation - your company cannot pay its debts and you apply to the courts to liquidate it\n\n- members\u2019 voluntary liquidation - your company can pay its debts but you want to close it\n\nYour company may be forced into liquidation if it cannot pay its debts.\n\n## Arrange liquidation with your creditors\n\nA director can propose a company stops trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if:\n\n- the company cannot pay its debts (it\u2019s \u2018insolvent\u2019)\n\n- enough shareholders agree\n\n## Get shareholders\u2019 agreement\n\nYou must call a meeting of shareholders and ask them to vote.\n\n75% (by value of shares) of shareholders must agree to the winding-up to pass a \u2018winding-up resolution\u2019.\n\nOnce the resolution is made there are 3 steps you must follow.\n\n- Appoint an authorised insolvency practitioner as liquidator to take charge of liquidating the company. You can find an insolvency practitioner online.\n\n- Send the resolution to Companies House within 15 days.\n\n- Advertise the resolution in The Gazette within 14 days.\n\nYour responsibilities as a director will change.\n\n## Apply directly to the court\n\nA director can ask a court to order the company to stop trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019).\n\nThis is known as \u2018compulsory liquidation\u2019.\n\nYou need to show the court that:\n\n- the company cannot pay its debts of \u00a3750 or more\n\n- 75% (by value of shares) of shareholders agree that the court can wind up the company\n\nYour company can be based anywhere but must carry out most of its business in England, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFill in a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019 (form Comp 1) and send it to the court with:\n\n- form Comp 2 confirming the details of your petition\n\n- the winding-up resolution from the shareholders\n\nWhere you send the petition depends on how much \u2018paid-up share capital\u2019 your company has. You can find this on the Companies House register.\n\n## Your paid-up share capital is \u00a3120,000 or more\n\nSubmit the petition online. It\u2019ll go to the High Court.\n\n## Your paid-up share capital is under \u00a3120,000\n\nFind your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy.\n\nSubmit the petition online if it\u2019s one of these courts:\n\n- Admiralty and Commercial Court\n\n- Chancery Division\n\n- Companies Court\n\n- High Court (including Bankruptcy Court)\n\n- London Mercantile Court\n\n- Rolls Building\n\nIf it was another court you\u2019ll need to submit the petition by post.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a31,600 to submit the petition\n\n- \u00a3280 for the court hearing\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll get a date for the hearing if the court accepts your petition.\n\nBefore the court hearing, you must:\n\n- give (\u2018serve\u2019) a copy of the petition to your company - fill in a certificate of service to let the court know you\u2019ve done this\n\n- put an advert in The Gazette at least 7 days before the hearing\n\n- send a copy of the advert and the certificate of service to the court\n\n## The court hearing\n\nYou or your solicitor must be at the court hearing. You do not have to give any evidence.\n\nIf the court gives a winding-up order, the court will put an official receiver in charge of the liquidation. They\u2019ll start liquidating your company. A copy of the winding-up order will be sent to your company\u2019s registered office.\n\nYour role as a director will change.\n\n## Liquidate a company you do not want to run anymore\n\nYou may choose members\u2019 voluntary liquidation if your company is \u2018solvent\u2019 (can pay its debts) and one of the following applies:\n\n- you want to retire\n\n- you want to step down from the family business and nobody else wants to run it\n\n- you do not want to run the business any more\n\nTo pass a resolution for members\u2019 voluntary liquidation, you must:\n\n- make a \u2018Declaration of solvency\u2019 - English and Welsh companies\n\n- ask the Accountant in Bankruptcy for form 4.25 (Scot) - Scottish companies\n\nYou\u2019ll need to review the company\u2019s assets and liabilities just before making the declaration.\n\n## Make a declaration of solvency\n\nWrite a statement saying that the directors have assessed the company and believe it can pay its debts, with interest at the official rate. You should also include:\n\n- the name and address of the company\n\n- the names and addresses of the company\u2019s directors\n\n- how long it will take the company to pay its debts - this must be no longer than 12 months from when the company\u2019s liquidated\n\nYou also need to include the statement of the company\u2019s assets and liabilities.\n\n## After you\u2019ve signed the declaration or form\n\nThere are 5 further steps to members\u2019 voluntary liquidation.\n\n- Sign the declaration or form 4.25 (Scot) - it must be signed by the majority of directors in front of a solicitor or \u2018notary public\u2019.\n\n- Call a general meeting with shareholders no more than 5 weeks later and pass a resolution for voluntary winding up.\n\n- At the meeting appoint an authorised insolvency practitioner as a liquidator who will take charge of winding up the company. You can find an insolvency practitioner online.\n\n- Advertise the resolution in The Gazette within 14 days.\n\n- Send your signed declaration to Companies House or form 4.25 (Scot) to the Accountant in Bankruptcy (for Scottish companies) within 15 days of passing the resolution.\n\nWhen the liquidator is appointed they take control of the company. Your responsibilities as a director will change.\n\n## What the liquidator does\n\nThe liquidator is an authorised insolvency practitioner or official receiver who runs the liquidation process.\n\nAs soon as the liquidator is appointed, they\u2019ll take control of the business.\n\nThey will:\n\n- settle any legal disputes or outstanding contracts\n\n- sell off the company\u2019s assets and use any money to pay creditors\n\n- meet deadlines for paperwork and keep authorities informed\n\n- pay liquidation costs and the final VAT bill\n\n- keep creditors informed and involve them in decisions where necessary\n\n- make payments to creditors\n\n- interview the directors and report on what went wrong in the business\n\n- get the company removed from the companies register\n\nIn a creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation, the liquidator acts in the interest of the creditors not the directors.\n\n## What happens to directors\n\nWhen a liquidator is appointed, directors:\n\n- no longer have control of the company or anything it owns\n\n- cannot act for or on behalf of the company\n\nIf you\u2019re a director you must:\n\n- give the liquidator any information about the company they ask for\n\n- hand over the company\u2019s assets, records and paperwork\n\n- allow the liquidator to interview you, if they ask\n\nYou can be banned from being a director for 2 to 15 years or prosecuted if the liquidator decides your conduct was unfit.\n\n## Re-using company names\n\nIf you were a director of a company in compulsory liquidation or creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation, you\u2019ll be banned for 5 years from forming, managing or promoting any business with the same or similar name to your liquidated company. This includes the company\u2019s registered name and any trading names (if it had any).\n\nThe only exceptions to this are where:\n\n- the business is sold by a licensed insolvency practitioner giving the legally required notice\n\n- you get the court\u2019s permission to use the name\n\n- you\u2019re involved with another company that\u2019s been using the same name as the liquidated company for at least a year\n\nRead the guidance on re-using company names.\n\n## Access to your bank account\n\nYour company\u2019s bank account will be frozen when someone files a petition to wind up the company.\n\nYou need a validation order to access it.\n\n## How to apply for a validation order\n\nTell the person who filed the winding-up petition (the respondent) you\u2019re applying for a validation order. You must also tell them what court you\u2019ll apply to (usually the Companies Court) and when you\u2019ll apply.\n\nFill in Form IAA and write a witness statement. Take the form and the statement to the court.\n\nYou need to pay a \u00a3155 fee.\n\n## What happens after you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a hearing on the same day or within the next few days.\n\nAt the hearing, you present your case to a registrar or district judge.\n\nThe respondent will present their case if they object to you getting a validation order.\n\nAt the end of the hearing you\u2019ll either:\n\n- get a decision - you\u2019ll also get a written copy sent to you\n\n- be asked to attend another hearing if the court wants more evidence\n\nYou\u2019ll be given the validation order if your application is successful. You must give your bank a copy of this to access your company\u2019s bank account.\n\nIf you do not agree with the decision you may be able to appeal to the Chancery Division of the High Court.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/liquidate-your-company", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My company operates a few food stands in a few cities. The last 12 months our profits plummeted and we are in debt of over \u00a35000. As it stands it would appear that I we are unable to maintain operation for long. I have a business partner and we both own 50% of the business. He believes we will be able to get back on our feet and turn a profit in the next 6 months.", + "original_question": "Can I apply to liquidate the company if I own only 50%?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1515", + "question": "Scenario: I run an Indian takeaway business. I have recently had a visit from the council hygiene inspector, and unfortunately the results came back lower than expected, with a score of 3 out of 5. I am planning to get re-tested after making improvements.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to display the current rating to my customers?\n\nDocument - Food safety - your responsibilities:\n## Food safety\n\nIf your business deals in food you must:\n\n- make sure food is safe to eat\n\n- make sure you don\u2019t add, remove or treat food in a way that makes it harmful to eat\n\n- make sure the food is the same quality that you say it is\n\n- make sure you don\u2019t mislead people by the way food is labelled, advertised or marketed\n\n- keep records on where you got food from and show this information on demand - known as \u2018traceability\u2019 (PDF, 90KB)\n\n- withdraw unsafe food and complete an incident report\n\n- tell people why food has been withdrawn or recalled, for example by using a leaflet or poster\n\n- display your food hygiene rating (if you sell food direct to the public)\n\n## Food additives\n\nIf you use an additive in food you must:\n\n- only use an approved additive\n\n- only use it if it is approved for use in that food\n\nThe food additive must not exceed the maximum permitted level.\n\n## Food hygiene\n\nPart of complying with food safety is managing food hygiene.\n\n## Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan\n\nYou usually have to write a plan based on the HACCP principles if you run a food business. This keeps your food safe from biological, chemical and physical safety hazards.\n\n## Food contact materials\n\nMaterials and packaging that can be reasonably expected to come into contact with food are called \u2018food contact materials\u2019. These can include:\n\n- packaging\n\n- food processing equipment\n\n- cookware\n\n- work surfaces\n\n## To keep food safe for consumption:\n\n- make sure food contact materials don\u2019t transfer anything to food they touch\n\n- make sure food contact materials don\u2019t change the food they touch\n\n- when inspected, be able to show where the food contact materials came from\n\n## Bacteria and food poisoning\n\nTo keep food safe from bacteria, you should follow HACCP. Bacteria that cause serious health problems are:\n\n- E.coli O157 and campylobacter\n\n- salmonella, especially with the storage and handling of eggs\n\n## Food hygiene training\n\nEmployers are responsible for staff hygiene training. It can be either a formal programme or informal training, such as on the job training or self study.\n\n## Food allergies\n\nIf you are a food retailer or caterer you need to manage food allergies when preparing and selling food.\n\n## Food inspections\n\nYou can be inspected by your local council at any point in the food production and distribution process. All inspectors must follow the Food Law Code of Practice. Usually, you won\u2019t be told an inspection is going to happen.\n\nHow often you\u2019re inspected depends on the risk your business poses to public health. You might not be inspected as often if you\u2019re a member of a recognised assurance scheme. You can search for a registered assurance scheme online.\n\nIf you\u2019re a food retailer or caterer you will be inspected on a more regular basis to make sure you comply with food safety laws.\n\nYour premises, food, records and procedures can be inspected. Food samples can be taken as well as photographed.\n\nFind your local council enforcement officers.\n\n## After the inspection\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter confirming any improvements you need to make and by when. Usually, you\u2019re responsible for confirming these\nimprovements have been made.\n\nFor serious food safety problems you may be sent a \u2018notice\u2019. The notice can include banning you from using certain equipment or processes until improvements have been made. Your business will be revisited to make sure you have followed the improvements in the notice. Example notices include a:\n\n- Hygiene Improvement Notice\n\n- Hygiene Emergency Prohibition Notices - banning you from using certain equipment or following certain processes\n\n## Appeals\n\nYour letter or notice should tell you how you can appeal a decision by an inspector.\n\n## Report a food safety incident\n\nYou must tell the Food Standards Agency (FSA) if you think any food your business:\n\n- has sold is unsafe\n\n- has is unsafe\n\nThe FSA will tell you if the food must be withdrawn and customers asked to return it.\n\nSubmit a food safety incident report.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-safety-your-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run an Indian takeaway business. I have recently had a visit from the council hygiene inspector, and unfortunately the results came back lower than expected, with a score of 3 out of 5. I am planning to get re-tested after making improvements.", + "original_question": "Do I have to display the current rating to my customers?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1518", + "question": "Scenario: I employee ten people in my bicycle repair shop in Salford. I pay a flat rate as part of their earnings to cover the cost of their uniforms and tools for work.\n\nQuestion: Can my employees check their own expenses?\n\nDocument - Expenses and benefits for employers:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re an employer and provide expenses or benefits to employees or directors, you might need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and pay tax and National Insurance on them.\n\nExamples of expenses and benefits include:\n\n- company cars\n\n- health insurance\n\n- travel and entertainment expenses\n\n- childcare\n\nThere are different rules for what you have to report and pay depending on the type of expense or benefit that you provide.\n\n## Reporting and paying\n\nAt the end of the tax year you\u2019ll usually need to submit a P11D form to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) for each employee you\u2019ve provided with expenses or benefits.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit a P11D(b) form if:\n\n- you\u2019ve submitted any P11D forms\n\n- you\u2019ve paid employees\u2019 expenses or benefits through your payroll\n\n- HMRC have asked you to - either by sending you a form or an email\n\nYour P11D(b) tells HMRC how much Class 1A National Insurance you need to pay on all the expenses and benefits you\u2019ve provided.\n\nIf HMRC have asked you to submit a P11D(b), you can tell them you do not owe Class 1A National Insurance by completing a declaration.\n\n## Paying tax on benefits through your payroll\n\nYou can deduct and pay tax on most employee expenses through your payroll (sometimes called \u2018payrolling\u2019) as long as you\u2019ve registered with HMRC before the start of the tax year (6 April).\n\nYou do not need to submit a P11D form for an employee if you\u2019re paying tax on all their benefits through your payroll.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to submit a P11D(b) form so you can pay any Class 1A National Insurance you owe.\n\n## What to report\n\nEach expense or benefit is calculated differently. Find the type of expense or benefit you\u2019ve provided to see what you\u2019ll need to report and pay.\n\nFor \u2018minor\u2019 expenses or benefits, you might be able to make a one-off payment, known as a PAYE Settlement Agreement.\n\n## How to report\n\nYou can use any of the following methods:\n\n- commercial payroll software\n\n- HMRC\u2019s PAYE Online service\n\n- HMRC\u2019s Online End of Year Expenses and Benefits service\n\nYou can also download and fill in forms P11D and P11D(b) and send them to the P11D Support Team.\n\n## Correct an error\n\nIf you\u2019re correcting a P11D form include all the benefits and expenses for the tax year, not just the ones you want to change.\n\nIf you\u2019re correcting a P11D(b) form include the total amount of Class 1A National Insurance you need to pay, not the difference from your previous version.\n\nYou must submit a paper form, even if you originally submitted online.\n\nThe forms will show the most recent tax year. Write a different tax year on the form if you need to report for a different year. You must write:\n\n- that you\u2019re using the form to correct an error made in a different year to the one printed on the form\n\n- the tax year you\u2019re making the amendment for\n\n## Where to send forms\n\nSend new or corrected paper forms to:\n\n## Penalties\n\nYou may be charged a penalty if you carelessly or deliberately give inaccurate information in your tax return that results in you:\n\n- not paying enough tax\n\n- over-claiming tax reliefs\n\n## Deadlines\n\n| What you need to do | Deadline |\n\n| Submit your P11D forms online to HMRC | 6 July following the end of the tax year |\n\n| Give your employees a copy of the information on your forms | 6 July |\n\n| Tell HMRC the total amount of Class 1A National Insurance you owe on form P11D(b) | 6 July |\n\n| Pay any Class 1A National Insurance owed on expenses or benefits | Must reach HMRC by 22 July (19 July if you pay by cheque) |\n\n| If you have a PAYE Settlement Agreement pay tax and Class 1B National Insurance | Must reach HMRC by 22 October (19 October if you pay by cheque) |\n\n| Pay any PAYE tax or Class 1 National Insurance owed on expenses or benefits | Pay monthly through payroll |\n\nYou\u2019ll get a penalty of \u00a3100 per 50 employees for each month or part month your P11D(b) is late. You\u2019ll also be charged penalties and interest if you\u2019re late paying HMRC.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep a record of all expenses and benefits you provide to your employees.\n\nYour records need to show that you\u2019ve reported accurately and your end-of-year forms are correct.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may ask to see evidence of how you accounted for each expense or benefit at the end of the tax year.\n\n## What you should keep\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep a record of:\n\n- the date and details of every expense or benefit you provide\n\n- any information needed to work out the amounts you put on your end-of-year forms\n\n- any payment your employee contributes to an expense or benefit\n\nYou should also keep any correspondence you have with HMRC.\n\nRecords must be kept for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to.\n\n## Exemptions and dispensations\n\nYou don\u2019t have to report some routine employee expenses to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is called an \u2018exemption\u2019.\n\nExemptions have replaced dispensations. You can\u2019t apply for a dispensation any more.\n\n## Expenses covered by an exemption\n\nYou don\u2019t have to report certain business expenses and benefits like:\n\n- business travel\n\n- phone bills\n\n- business entertainment expenses\n\n- uniform and tools for work\n\nTo qualify for an exemption, you must be either be:\n\n- paying a flat rate to your employee as part of their earnings - this must be either a benchmark rate or a special (\u2018bespoke\u2019) rate approved by HMRC\n\n- paying back the employee\u2019s actual costs\n\nYou must deduct and pay tax and National Insurance on all other expenses and benefits you give to your employees, and report them to HMRC as normal.\n\n## Apply for an exemption\n\nYou don\u2019t need to apply for an exemption if you\u2019re paying HMRC\u2019s benchmark rates for allowable expenses.\n\nYou only need to apply for an exemption if you want to pay bespoke rates to your employees.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to give HMRC evidence that the rates you\u2019re suggesting are based on your employees\u2019 actual expenses.\n\n## If you had a dispensation from HMRC\n\nYour dispensation won\u2019t apply after 5 April 2016, but the expenses covered by it should also be covered by the exemption.\n\nIf you agreed bespoke rates with HMRC between 6 April 2011 and 5 April 2016 as part of your dispensation, you can apply to carry on using them.\n\nYou can only use the bespoke rates for up to 5 years from the date they were agreed.\n\n## Checking expenses\n\nYou must have a system in place to check payments you make at benchmark or bespoke rates.\n\nYour employees aren\u2019t allowed to check their own expenses, so someone else within your company needs to do this to make sure they\u2019re legitimate.\n\nTell your employees to keep proof of their expenses, for example receipts or bills, in case you need to check them.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employer-reporting-expenses-benefits", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I employee ten people in my bicycle repair shop in Salford. I pay a flat rate as part of their earnings to cover the cost of their uniforms and tools for work.", + "original_question": "Can my employees check their own expenses?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1520", + "question": "Scenario: My software retail business has suffered significant losses in the past 12 months and my creditors have applied to wind the business. I attended a hearing in court and the verdict stated that I am found unable to pay my debts.\n\nQuestion: Am I still going to be able to access and use the company related bank accounts?\n\nDocument - Dealing with your limited company's debts:\n## If your company cannot pay its debts\n\nYour limited company can be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if it cannot pay its debts.\n\nThe people or organisations your company owes money to (your \u2018creditors\u2019) can apply to the court to get their debts paid.\n\nThey can do this by either:\n\n- getting a court judgment\n\n- making an official request for payment - this is called a statutory demand\n\nGet professional advice from a solicitor or insolvency practitioner if your company is in debt.\n\n## Responding to a court judgment\n\nYou have 14 days to respond to a court judgment.\n\nTo respond, you must do one of the following:\n\n- pay the debt\n\n- reach an agreement with the creditor to pay the debt in the future, for example by using a Company Voluntary Arrangement\n\n- put your company into administration\n\n- apply to liquidate (\u2018wind up\u2019) your company yourself\n\n- challenge the court judgment\n\nIf you do not respond to the court judgment within 14 days, your creditors can apply to have your assets seized by a bailiff or sheriff.\n\nYour creditors can apply to wind up your company if your assets are not worth enough to pay your debts.\n\n## Responding to a statutory demand\n\nYou have 21 days to respond to a statutory demand.\n\nTo respond, you must do one of the following:\n\n- pay the debt\n\n- reach an agreement with the creditor to pay the debt in the future, for example by using a Company Voluntary Arrangement\n\n- put your company into administration\n\n- apply to liquidate (\u2018wind up\u2019) your company yourself\n\nYour creditors can apply to wind up your company if you do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.\n\n## Stop your creditors from applying to wind up your company\n\nYou can apply to the court to stop (\u2018restrain\u2019) your creditors from applying to wind up your company. You must do this within 21 days of getting the statutory demand.\n\nDownload and fill in application form IAA.\n\nWhich court you apply to depends on how much money shareholders have paid into your company by buying shares (\u2018paid up share capital\u2019).\n\nCheck the Companies House register to find out your company\u2019s paid up share capital.\n\n## Your paid up share capital is less than \u00a3120,000\n\nUse the court finder to find a court dealing with insolvency. You must use the court nearest your company\u2019s registered office.\n\n## Your paid up share capital is more than \u00a3120,000\n\nYou must apply to the High Court.\n\n## Getting a winding-up order\n\nYour creditors can apply to the court to close down your company. They do this by making an application called a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019.\n\nYou can apply to stop your creditors from making a winding-up petition if you were given a statutory demand.\n\nThey can withdraw the petition if your company pays the debt or makes an arrangement to pay it.\n\n## Attending the hearing\n\nIf the petition is accepted, the court will arrange a date for a hearing.\n\nYou must attend the hearing. Your creditors will announce when and where the hearing will take place in The Gazette.\n\nYour company can be put into the control of someone else until the hearing happens. This is known as \u2018provisional liquidation\u2019.\n\n## If the court decides you cannot pay your debts\n\nThe court will issue a winding-up order.\n\nAn officer of the court (\u2018official receiver\u2019) will be put in charge of winding-up your company. You must co-operate with the official receiver.\n\nWhen you get a winding-up order:\n\n- your company\u2019s bank account will usually be frozen\n\n- its assets or property will be sold by the official receiver\n\nIf any part of your company is bought with the intention of discontinuing the business (not running it as a \u2018going concern\u2019) then your employees will lose their jobs.\n\nYou can be banned from being a director for up to 15 years if you do not carry out your duties properly.\n\n## Cancel a winding-up order\n\nYou can apply to cancel a winding-up order if you do not think you need to pay your creditors. You must do this within 5 working days of getting the order.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/protecting-company-from-compulsory-liquidation", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My software retail business has suffered significant losses in the past 12 months and my creditors have applied to wind the business. I attended a hearing in court and the verdict stated that I am found unable to pay my debts.", + "original_question": "Am I still going to be able to access and use the company related bank accounts?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1521", + "question": "Scenario: I run a shoe business. I purchased a bulk order from a dealer because of the demand during a festive period. I have paid for the order in full but they claim that I have not paid in full\n\nQuestion: The dealer has filed a court claim for the money. I want to counterclaim, is it possible ?\n\nDocument - Respond to a court claim for money:\n## How to respond\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or email if someone claims you owe them money. You must respond by the date on the email or letter you receive.\n\nYou can respond by:\n\n- paying the full amount\n\n- paying only what you think you owe\n\n- defending the claim (if you do not think you owe any money or you\u2019ve already paid)\n\nYou might have to pay more or get a county court judgment (CCJ) if you do not respond in time.\n\n## If you need more time to respond\n\nYou can ask for another 14 days to respond if you\u2019re defending the claim or paying only what you think you owe.\n\nDownload and fill in the acknowledgement of service form in the response pack.\n\nSend it to the court address on the claim form.\n\nThe process is different in Scotland.\n\n## Pay the full amount\n\nSend a cheque or postal order made payable to the person or business you owe money to (the \u2018claimant\u2019). Their name and address will be on the claim form.\n\nYou can also pay the claimant in person.\n\nKeep proof (for example, your bank records or a receipt from the claimant) to show you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## If you cannot afford to pay the full amount at once\n\nYou can offer to pay in instalments or by a certain date.\n\nDownload and fill in either:\n\n- form N9A if the claim is for a specified amount\n\n- form N9C if the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nYou must say how you want to pay (a certain amount per month for example) and send the completed form to the address on the claim form.\n\nIf the claimant does not accept your offer, the court will decide how you pay.\n\nYou can be taken to court and you may have to pay extra costs if you do not keep up the payments.\n\n## If the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nDownload and fill in admission form N9A. Either:\n\n- ask the court to decide how much you owe\n\n- offer to pay a certain amount\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing if you ask the court to decide or the claimant rejects your offer.\n\nThe court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already paid\n\nYou must defend the claim if you\u2019ve already paid the claimant.\n\nYou might still have to pay court fees if you paid the claimant after they made the claim.\n\n## Pay some of the money\n\nIf you do not agree with the amount on the claim form, you can apply to the court to pay only what you think you owe.\n\nYou must send the court both:\n\n- an admission form to say how much you\u2019ll pay\n\n- a defence form to explain why you do not owe the full amount\n\nRespond online if the claim was made using Money Claim Online.\n\nOtherwise, which forms you fill in will depend on whether the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) or an unspecified amount.\n\n## The claim is for a specified amount\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- admission form N9A\n\n- defence form N9B\n\n## The claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- admission form N9C\n\n- defence form N9D\n\n## If your offer is rejected\n\nThe court will decide how much you owe.\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## Defend the claim\n\nYou can defend the claim if either:\n\n- you do not think you owe the other person or business any money\n\n- you\u2019ve already paid them\n\nYou can also make a claim against them (\u2018counterclaim\u2019) if you think they owe you money. You might have to pay a court fee.\n\nDownload and fill in either:\n\n- form N9B if the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount\n\n- form N9D if the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nYou can respond online if the claim was made using an online service.\n\nThe court will decide whether you owe any money, and how much.\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## Going to a court hearing\n\nIf there\u2019s a hearing, you can:\n\n- represent yourself\n\n- pay for a barrister or solicitor to represent you\n\n- ask someone to advise you in court - they do not have to be a lawyer\n\n- ask someone to speak on your behalf - you might need to get the court\u2019s permission\n\nYour hearing can be held in the judge\u2019s room or a courtroom in a county court if the claim is for less than \u00a310,000. There might be a more formal hearing if the claim is for more.\n\nDo not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision on the day of the hearing. The court will also send you a copy of the decision by post.\n\n## Appeal the decision\n\nYou can ask to appeal the decision if you think the judge made a mistake during the hearing. You must ask within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\nFind out which court or tribunal to appeal to.\n\nContact Citizens Advice to get advice on appealing.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/respond-to-court-claim-for-money", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a shoe business. I purchased a bulk order from a dealer because of the demand during a festive period. I have paid for the order in full but they claim that I have not paid in full", + "original_question": "The dealer has filed a court claim for the money. I want to counterclaim, is it possible ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1522", + "question": "Scenario: I run a door lock repair business. Due to the pandemic, there was not much work and borrowed some money from a small money lending firm and could not repay it and they have filed a court claim\n\nQuestion: I am prepared to pay the money in instalments. Will the court accept me paying in instalments ?\n\nDocument - Respond to a court claim for money:\n## How to respond\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or email if someone claims you owe them money. You must respond by the date on the email or letter you receive.\n\nYou can respond by:\n\n- paying the full amount\n\n- paying only what you think you owe\n\n- defending the claim (if you do not think you owe any money or you\u2019ve already paid)\n\nYou might have to pay more or get a county court judgment (CCJ) if you do not respond in time.\n\n## If you need more time to respond\n\nYou can ask for another 14 days to respond if you\u2019re defending the claim or paying only what you think you owe.\n\nDownload and fill in the acknowledgement of service form in the response pack.\n\nSend it to the court address on the claim form.\n\nThe process is different in Scotland.\n\n## Pay the full amount\n\nSend a cheque or postal order made payable to the person or business you owe money to (the \u2018claimant\u2019). Their name and address will be on the claim form.\n\nYou can also pay the claimant in person.\n\nKeep proof (for example, your bank records or a receipt from the claimant) to show you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## If you cannot afford to pay the full amount at once\n\nYou can offer to pay in instalments or by a certain date.\n\nDownload and fill in either:\n\n- form N9A if the claim is for a specified amount\n\n- form N9C if the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nYou must say how you want to pay (a certain amount per month for example) and send the completed form to the address on the claim form.\n\nIf the claimant does not accept your offer, the court will decide how you pay.\n\nYou can be taken to court and you may have to pay extra costs if you do not keep up the payments.\n\n## If the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nDownload and fill in admission form N9A. Either:\n\n- ask the court to decide how much you owe\n\n- offer to pay a certain amount\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing if you ask the court to decide or the claimant rejects your offer.\n\nThe court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already paid\n\nYou must defend the claim if you\u2019ve already paid the claimant.\n\nYou might still have to pay court fees if you paid the claimant after they made the claim.\n\n## Pay some of the money\n\nIf you do not agree with the amount on the claim form, you can apply to the court to pay only what you think you owe.\n\nYou must send the court both:\n\n- an admission form to say how much you\u2019ll pay\n\n- a defence form to explain why you do not owe the full amount\n\nRespond online if the claim was made using Money Claim Online.\n\nOtherwise, which forms you fill in will depend on whether the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) or an unspecified amount.\n\n## The claim is for a specified amount\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- admission form N9A\n\n- defence form N9B\n\n## The claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- admission form N9C\n\n- defence form N9D\n\n## If your offer is rejected\n\nThe court will decide how much you owe.\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## Defend the claim\n\nYou can defend the claim if either:\n\n- you do not think you owe the other person or business any money\n\n- you\u2019ve already paid them\n\nYou can also make a claim against them (\u2018counterclaim\u2019) if you think they owe you money. You might have to pay a court fee.\n\nDownload and fill in either:\n\n- form N9B if the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount\n\n- form N9D if the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nYou can respond online if the claim was made using an online service.\n\nThe court will decide whether you owe any money, and how much.\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## Going to a court hearing\n\nIf there\u2019s a hearing, you can:\n\n- represent yourself\n\n- pay for a barrister or solicitor to represent you\n\n- ask someone to advise you in court - they do not have to be a lawyer\n\n- ask someone to speak on your behalf - you might need to get the court\u2019s permission\n\nYour hearing can be held in the judge\u2019s room or a courtroom in a county court if the claim is for less than \u00a310,000. There might be a more formal hearing if the claim is for more.\n\nDo not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision on the day of the hearing. The court will also send you a copy of the decision by post.\n\n## Appeal the decision\n\nYou can ask to appeal the decision if you think the judge made a mistake during the hearing. You must ask within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\nFind out which court or tribunal to appeal to.\n\nContact Citizens Advice to get advice on appealing.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/respond-to-court-claim-for-money", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a door lock repair business. Due to the pandemic, there was not much work and borrowed some money from a small money lending firm and could not repay it and they have filed a court claim", + "original_question": "I am prepared to pay the money in instalments. Will the court accept me paying in instalments ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1524", + "question": "Scenario: I am close friends with my neighbour. She has asked me if I would be a childminder for her children aged 4 and 7 for 1-2 hours a day during the week.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to formally register as a childminder to do this?\n\nDocument - Become a childminder or nanny (England):\n## Overview\n\nIf you want to be paid to look after children under 8, you might need to register with Ofsted or a childminder agency.\n\nYou can get a fine if you do not register when you need to.\n\nYou must register as a childminder if all of the following apply:\n\n- the children are under the age of 8\n\n- you look after them for more than 2 hours a day\n\n- you look after them in your own home\n\n- you get paid to look after them - including payment in kind\n\nYou can register with Ofsted online. To register with a childminder agency, contact them directly.\n\nThere are different rules if you want to provide daycare outside someone\u2019s home - for example a nursery or creche.\n\nYou do not need to register if you\u2019re:\n\n- a nanny\n\n- a tutor\n\n- a babysitter and if you look after the children between 6pm and 2am\n\n- a family friend and if you look after the children less than 3 hours a day\n\nYou can still choose to register if you\u2019re a nanny or in other situations. This helps the child\u2019s parents qualify for free childcare.\n\nCheck which register to join if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## Who cannot register\n\nYou cannot register if you:\n\n- are under 18\n\n- are related to all of the children you look after\n\n- do not have the legal right to work in the UK\n\n- are barred from working with children\n\n- have been disqualified\n\n- have been refused registration in the past or had your registration cancelled - unless it was because you did not pay your annual fee\n\n- are childminding in a home where a disqualified person lives or works\n\nIf you\u2019ve been disqualified, you may be able to apply to waive your disqualification\n\n## Which register to join\n\nThere are 2 registers - the Early Years Register and the Childcare Register.\n\nWhich register you join depends on:\n\n- the age of the children you\u2019re looking after\n\n- if you\u2019re registering as a childminder or a nanny\n\nYou\u2019ll be prompted to join the correct register when you apply.\n\n## Children up to the age of 5\n\nIf you\u2019re a childminder and you look after children from birth to 5 years old you must join the Early Years Register. This lets you look after children up to 31 August after their fifth birthday.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a registration visit from Ofsted when you apply.\n\nAfter you join the register you must follow the early years foundation stage (EYFS) framework.\n\nNannies cannot join the Early Years Register.\n\n## Children from 5 to 8 years old\n\nIf you\u2019re a childminder and you look after children from 5 to 8 years old you must join the Childcare Register. This lets you look after children from 1 September after their fifth birthday up to their eighth birthday.\n\nAs a nanny you can choose to join the Childcare Register, regardless of the age of the children you\u2019re looking after.\n\nYou may be inspected by Ofsted. You may also get a registration visit.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nYou need to pay an annual registration fee to Ofsted. You\u2019ll also have to pay for things like criminal record checks, training and insurance.\n\n## Registration fee\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay the registration fee each year.\n\n| | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies |\n\n| Childminders - caring only for children aged 5 or under | \u00a335 | Not applicable |\n\n| Childminders - caring only for children aged 5 or older | \u00a3103 | Not applicable |\n\n| Childminders - caring for children of all ages | \u00a335 | Not applicable |\n\n| Register as a nanny | Not applicable | \u00a3103 |\n\n## Criminal record and health checks\n\n| | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies |\n\n| Your criminal record check | \u00a348.10 | \u00a348.10 |\n\n| Checks for adults in your home | \u00a348.10 each | Not applicable |\n\n| Criminal record check update service (recommended) | \u00a313/year | \u00a313/year |\n\n| GP to fill in and sign health declaration booklet | \u00a390 (approximately) | Not applicable |\n\n## Training\n\n| | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies |\n\n| First aid course to cover the age groups you look after | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately) | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately) |\n\n| Childcare training on the type of care you will provide - ask your council | \u00a350 to \u00a3200 (approximately) | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately) |\n\n## Other costs\n\n| Insurance | Cost |\n\n| Public liability insurance | \u00a325 to \u00a3100 (approximately) |\n\n| Keeping digital records | Cost |\n\n| Register with ICO to keep digital records of children (childminders only) | \u00a340 |\n\n## Register as a nanny\n\nYou can register with Ofsted as a nanny or au pair to look after children in their own home.\n\nA nanny can look after children from 1 or 2 families at the same time.\n\nIf you want to look after children from more than 2 families at the same time in your home, you\u2019ll need to register as a childminder instead.\n\nYou will need:\n\n- an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) - you must get the right criminal record check\n\n- first aid training\n\n- childcare training - speak to your local council\n\n- public liability insurance\n\n- a certificate of good character from an embassy - if you\u2019ve lived abroad in the past 5 years\n\nOfsted will reject your application if you do not have the correct documents.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt costs \u00a3103 to register with Ofsted. This fee is not refundable.\n\nFind out about other costs.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt usually takes up to 12 weeks to process your application.\n\n## Register online\n\nIt should take you about 15 minutes to fill in the form.\n\nRegister as a nanny\n\n## Register as a childminder\n\nYou must register with Ofsted to look after children in your home.\n\nIf you\u2019re looking after children in their own home, you should register with Ofsted as a nanny or au pair instead.\n\nYou will need:\n\n- an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) - you must get the right criminal record check\n\n- first aid training for the age group you will look after\n\n- childcare training - speak to your local council\n\n- a health declaration booklet\n\n- contact details for 2 references\n\n- a certificate of good character from an embassy - if you\u2019ve lived abroad in the past 5 years\n\nOfsted will reject your application if you do not have the correct documents.\n\n## Checks on other people in your home\n\nIf anyone aged 16 or over lives with you or works in your home regularly, they\u2019ll need to get an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists.\n\nThe type of check they get depends on their role. For example your partner would need to get a different check to someone who works in your home, like a cleaner.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to get a certificate of good character from an embassy if they\u2019ve lived abroad in the last 5 years.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt usually costs \u00a335 to register with Ofsted. This fee is not refundable.\n\nFind out about other costs.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt usually takes up to 12 weeks to process your application.\n\n## Register online\n\nIt should take you about 30 minutes to fill in the form.\n\nRegister as a childminder\n\n## After you apply\n\nWhen you submit your application Ofsted will:\n\n- do background checks with local authorities\n\n- check your references\n\n- give you a reference number to use if you have questions about your application\n\n## If you\u2019re a childminder\n\nAn inspector will visit you to check:\n\n- your identity and qualifications - including first aid qualifications\n\n- your house and garden are safe for children\n\n- that you\u2019re familiar with the early years foundation stage (EYFS) requirements and know how to put them into practice\n\n- your level of English\n\nYou will not usually get a registration visit if you\u2019re only looking after children aged over 5.\n\nFind out how to prepare for your registration visit.\n\n## If your application is approved\n\nYou\u2019ll get a certificate of registration if your application is approved. You will need this to start work as a childminder.\n\nOfsted will publish your unique reference number (\u2018URN\u2019) and inspection reports online. If you\u2019re a childminder they will also publish your name and address - unless you tell them not to.\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nOfsted will send you a letter called a \u2018notice of intention\u2019 which will tell you why you\u2019ve been turned down.\n\nYou\u2019ll be disqualified from applying again in future.\n\n## Object to a decision\n\nYou can object to a decision if you\u2019ve been sent a \u2018notice of intention\u2019.\n\nYou must object within 14 days of the date on the notice.\n\nOfsted will consider your objection, then tell you if:\n\n- you\u2019re still refused registration\n\n- you cannot look after children in a particular home\n\n- your decision is overturned\n\nIf you do not object, or Ofsted does not change its decision, you\u2019ll get a second letter called a \u2018notice of decision\u2019. This is the final decision to refuse registration or approval of a certain premises.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nIf you disagree with Ofsted\u2019s final decision, you can appeal to an independent tribunal.\n\nYou must appeal within 3 months of the date that you\u2019re sent the notice of decision.\n\n## After you're registered\n\nYou must continue to meet the registration standards while you\u2019re working as a childminder or nanny.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- pay the annual registration fee\n\n- keep your details up to date\n\n- report any major accidents or incidents\n\nOfsted will inspect childminders and some nannies.\n\n## Keep your details up to date\n\nYou must tell Ofsted if:\n\n- you change where you\u2019re working\n\n- your contact details change\n\n- you stop working as a childminder or nanny\n\n## If you\u2019re a childminder\n\nYou must tell Ofsted if:\n\n- anyone 16 or over moves into your home or leaves your home\n\n- your childminding assistants change\n\n## Reporting accidents and incidents\n\nUse the early years incident online form to report:\n\n- a serious accident, injury or illness to a child, for example food poisoning\n\n- allegations that someone living, working or looking after children in your household has committed serious harm or abuse\n\n- anything that might affect the suitability of someone on the premises to look after children\n\n- a child\u2019s death\n\n## Providing other types of childcare\n\nIf you\u2019re a childminder, you can apply to set up childcare on non-domestic premises (for example, a playgroup or after-school club). You can work here for up to half of your time.\n\nIf you want to work with 3 or more childminders or childminding assistants in your home, you\u2019ll need to register as a daycare organisation (this is known as \u2018providing childcare on domestic premises\u2019).", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-childminder-nanny", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am close friends with my neighbour. She has asked me if I would be a childminder for her children aged 4 and 7 for 1-2 hours a day during the week.", + "original_question": "Do I need to formally register as a childminder to do this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1525", + "question": "Scenario: I am a self employed brick layer working regularly in my local area. \n\nQuestion: Will the Construction Industry Scheme save me money on my deduction?\n\nDocument - What you must do as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) subcontractor:\n## Overview\n\nYou should register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if you work for a contractor and you\u2019re one of the following:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- the owner of a limited company\n\n- a partner in a partnership or trust\n\nUnder CIS, a contractor must deduct 20% from your payments and pass it to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nThese deductions count as advance payments towards your tax and National Insurance bill.\n\nIf you do not register for the scheme, contractors must deduct 30% from your payments instead.\n\n## If you do not want deductions made\n\nIf you do not want deductions to be made in advance by contractors, you can apply for \u2018gross payment status\u2019. You can do this when you register for CIS.\n\nYou do not need to register for CIS if you\u2019re an employee. Check your employment status if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## How to register\n\nTo register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your legal business name - you can also give a trading name if it\u2019s different to your business name\n\n- your National Insurance Number\n\n- the unique taxpayer reference number (UTR) for your business\n\n- your VAT registration number (if you\u2019re VAT registered)\n\nIf you\u2019re a subcontractor and a contractor (you pay subcontractors to do construction work), you\u2019ll need to register for CIS as both.\n\n## Register as a sole trader\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader and you already have a UTR, you can register for CIS online. You\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for Self Assessment (or another government service).\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status at the same time.\n\nIf you do not have a UTR, register as a new business for Self Assessment and choose \u2018working as a subcontractor\u2019 when prompted. You\u2019ll be registered for Self Assessment and CIS at the same time.\n\nYou can also call the CIS helpline to register.\n\n## Register as another type of business\n\nFill in the online form for limited companies or the online form for partnerships.\n\nHMRC will register the partnership separately to your sole trader registration. They will need the partnership UTR and trading name.\n\n## You are based abroad\n\nYou should still register for CIS if you are a subcontractor based abroad but do construction work in the UK.\n\n## Help and support\n\nCall the CIS helpline for help with registering.\n\nYou can also sign up for webinars and emails or watch videos from HMRC about CIS.\n\n## Get paid\n\nTo be paid correctly by a contractor, make sure you give them the exact same legal business name or trading name you gave when you registered for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS). You should also give them your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) so they can verify you.\n\nIf you do not, this could affect how much you get paid.\n\n## Deduction rates\n\nWhen a contractor pays you under CIS, they\u2019ll normally make deductions at the standard rate of 20%.\n\nContractors will make deductions at a higher rate of 30% if:\n\n- you are not registered for CIS\n\n- they cannot verify you\n\n- you give the wrong name for your business\n\nYour contractor should give you monthly statements of payments and deductions. Use them to calculate whether you still owe tax and National Insurance to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or are due a refund.\n\n## Gross payment status\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS. This means the contractor will not make deductions from your payments and you\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.\n\n## What does not count as your pay\n\nContractors will not make a deduction from amounts you charge on your invoice for:\n\n- VAT\n\n- materials that you have paid for directly\n\n- equipment which is now unusable (\u2018consumable stores\u2019)\n\n- plant hired for the job\n\n- manufacturing or prefabricating materials\n\n## Pay tax and claim back deductions\n\nWhen you\u2019re registered with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you\u2019re still responsible for paying the correct tax and National Insurance for your business, even if deductions have been made by contractors throughout the year.\n\nContractors will give you a monthly statement of what they\u2019ve paid you and deductions they\u2019ve made to help with your accounting.\n\n## Sole traders and partners\n\nAt the end of the tax year, send in your Self Assessment tax return as usual. You should record:\n\n- the full amounts on your invoices as income\n\n- any deductions contractors have made in the \u2018CIS deductions\u2019 field\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out your tax and National Insurance bill and take off any deductions made by contractors.\n\nIf you still owe tax after this, you\u2019ll need to pay it by 31 January following the end of the tax year.\n\nIf you\u2019re due a tax refund, HMRC will pay the money back.\n\n## Limited companies\n\nIf you have gross payment status, declare all your income in your Corporation Tax return as usual.\n\nIf you pay CIS deductions, you must claim these back through your company\u2019s monthly payroll scheme. Do not try to claim back through your Corporation Tax return - you may get a penalty if you do.\n\n- Send your monthly Full Payment Submission (FPS) as usual to HMRC.\n\n- Also send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS). Enter the total CIS deductions for the year to date.\n\n- HMRC will take your CIS deductions off what you owe in PAYE tax and National Insurance. Pay the balance by the usual date.\n\nIf your company\u2019s PAYE bill for the period is reduced to zero and you still have some CIS deductions you have not been able to claim back, carry these forward to the next month or quarter (in the same tax year). Tell HMRC in the EPS that you have nothing to pay.\n\n## If HMRC thinks your claim is wrong\n\nHMRC may ask you to provide evidence for your CIS deductions or to change your claim.\n\nIf you do not do this by the deadline they give you, you will not be able to make any more claims in that tax year.\n\nYou can appeal HMRC\u2019s decision. They\u2019ll tell you how to do this.\n\n## Keep records\n\nYour company must keep a record of amounts claimed back against your monthly or quarterly PAYE bill.\n\nYou can use form CIS132 to do this or keep your own records.\n\n## If you paid too much in CIS deductions\n\nHMRC will pay back any deductions your company has not been able to claim back from its PAYE bill during the tax year.\n\n## If your company goes into administration\n\nIf your company goes into administration or liquidation, the person managing it should write to HMRC to ask for CIS deductions to be repaid straight away.\n\n## If you do not have all your CIS statements\n\nIf you have not received all the CIS statements you need from your contractor, you can ask them to send you replacement copies.\n\nIf the contractor you\u2019re working for stops trading and you have not been able to get all your CIS statements you should write to HMRC.\n\nInclude the following information:\n\n- your name, address and Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)\n\n- the name and address of the contractor\n\n- the contractor\u2019s tax reference - if you know it\n\n- the dates of the payments or the tax months when the contractor paid you\n\n- the reason why you do not have the statements or duplicates\n\n## How to get gross payment status\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS.\n\nThis means contractors will pay you in full, without deductions. You\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.\n\nIf you\u2019re already registered for CIS, you can apply for gross payment status by calling the CIS helpline or applying online.\n\n## Apply for gross payment status online\n\n- Sign in to Government Gateway - you\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for CIS. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you register for CIS.\n\n- From \u2018Your tax account\u2019, go to \u2018Other services\u2019.\n\n- Choose \u2018Construction Industry Scheme \u2013 Subcontractors\u2019.\n\n## To qualify\n\nYou must show HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that your business passes some tests. You\u2019ll need to show that:\n\n- you\u2019ve paid your tax and National Insurance on time in the past\n\n- your business does construction work (or provides labour for it) in the UK\n\n- your business is run through a bank account\n\nHMRC will look at your turnover for the last 12 months. Ignoring VAT and the cost of materials, your turnover must be at least:\n\n- \u00a330,000 if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- \u00a330,000 for each partner in a partnership, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole partnership\n\n- \u00a330,000 for each director of a company, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole company\n\nIf your company\u2019s controlled by 5 people or fewer, you must have an annual turnover of \u00a330,000 for each of them.\n\nYou could be fined if you provide false information or help someone else to make a false application.\n\n## Paying tax when you have gross payment status\n\nYou must declare your payments as income at the end of the tax year in:\n\n- your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner\n\n- your Corporation Tax return if you own a limited company\n\n## Annual review\n\nIf you have gross payment status, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will review your business every year, to decide if you can keep your status.\n\nYou must be on time with your tax returns and payments to keep your gross payment status.\n\nIf you run a limited company, HMRC will review the company itself, rather than individual directors or shareholders.\n\n## You do not meet all the conditions\n\nYou could fail the review and HMRC will remove your gross payment status. You\u2019ll be allowed a small amount of late payments or returns.\n\nContact HMRC if you have problems paying your tax on time. If HMRC give you more time to pay, this will not affect your gross payment status.\n\n## You fail your review\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter explaining you\u2019re about to fail the review, along with the reasons why.\n\nIf you disagree, you can write back with your reasons.\n\nIf HMRC accept your explanation, they will not remove your gross payment status.\n\nIf you do not reply to the letter or HMRC does not accept your explanation, they\u2019ll write to explain:\n\n- what conditions you have not met\n\n- that they\u2019re withdrawing your gross payment status in 90 days\n\nIf you think HMRC have made the wrong decision, you have 30 days from the date of this letter to appeal.\n\n## Reapplying for gross payment status\n\nIf HMRC cancel your gross payment status, you need to wait a year from the date of the cancellation before you can reapply.\n\n## Changes you need to report\n\nReport changes by calling the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) helpline.\n\nTell them if you:\n\n- change from a sole trader to a partnership\n\n- leave a partnership or company to become a sole trader\n\n- create a company or change your business to a company\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to register again for CIS - as you cannot transfer the registration from your old business structure.\n\nIf you have gross payment status, you\u2019ll need to apply again.\n\nYou must also tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:\n\n- change your trading name\n\n- change your business, private or registered office address\n\n- stop trading\n\n- add new shareholders - HMRC may withdraw your gross payment status if you do not tell them within 30 days\n\n## Stop trading\n\nIf your business goes into administration it can keep receiving payments for work it\u2019s done under CIS. It should be paid in the same way that it was paid normally - either gross or under deduction.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a self employed brick layer working regularly in my local area. ", + "original_question": "Will the Construction Industry Scheme save me money on my deduction?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1530", + "question": "Scenario: I am extending my caf\u00e9, the building work will allow for more tables and hopefully more custom. \n\nQuestion: For a small extension, will fire safety have to be designed into the work the builder is doing?\n\nDocument - Fire safety in the workplace:\n## Who's responsible\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for fire safety in business or other non-domestic premises if you\u2019re:\n\n- an employer\n\n- the owner\n\n- the landlord\n\n- an occupier\n\n- anyone else with control of the premises, for example a facilities manager, building manager, managing agent or risk assessor\n\nYou\u2019re known as the \u2018responsible person\u2019. If there\u2019s more than one responsible person, you have to work together to meet your responsibilities.\n\nThe Fire Safety Order also applies if you have paying guests, for example if you run a bed and breakfast, guesthouse or let a self-catering property.\n\nFire safety rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Responsibilities\n\nAs the responsible person you must:\n\n- carry out a fire risk assessment of the premises and review it regularly\n\n- tell staff or their representatives about the risks you\u2019ve identified\n\n- put in place, and maintain, appropriate fire safety measures\n\n- plan for an emergency\n\n- provide staff information, fire safety instruction and training\n\nYou can read about how to make sure your premises are safe from fire.\n\n## Non-domestic premises\n\nNon-domestic premises are:\n\n- all workplaces and commercial premises\n\n- all premises the public have access to\n\n- the common areas of multi-occupied residential buildings\n\n## Shared premises\n\nIn shared premises it\u2019s likely there\u2019ll be more than one responsible person. You\u2019ll need to co-ordinate your fire safety plans to make sure people on or around the premises are safe.\n\nFor common or shared areas, the responsible person is the landlord, freeholder or managing agent.\n\n## Alterations, extensions and new buildings\n\nWhen building new premises or doing building work on existing premises, you must comply with building regulations. This includes designing fire safety into the proposed building or extension.\n\nRead the fire safety building regulations.\n\n## Penalties and enforcement\n\nYou could be fined or go to prison if you do not follow fire safety regulations.\n\nLocal fire and rescue authorities inspect premises and can issue fire safety notices telling you about changes you need to make.\n\n## Fire risk assessments\n\nAs the responsible person you must carry out and regularly review a fire risk assessment of the premises. This will identify what you need to do to prevent fire and keep people safe.\n\nYou must keep a written record of your fire risk assessment if your business has 5 or more people.\n\n## Carrying out the assessment\n\n- Identify the fire hazards.\n\n- Identify people at risk.\n\n- Evaluate, remove or reduce the risks.\n\n- Record your findings, prepare an emergency plan and provide training.\n\n- Review and update the fire risk assessment regularly.\n\nThe fire safety risk assessment chart gives more detailed information about these steps.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to consider:\n\n- emergency routes and exits\n\n- fire detection and warning systems\n\n- fire fighting equipment\n\n- the removal or safe storage of dangerous substances\n\n- an emergency fire evacuation plan\n\n- the needs of vulnerable people, for example the elderly, young children or those with disabilities\n\n- providing information to employees and other people on the premises\n\n- staff fire safety training\n\n## Help with the assessment\n\nYou can do the fire risk assessment yourself with the help of standard fire safety risk assessment guides.\n\nIf you do not have the expertise or time to do the fire risk assessment yourself you need to appoint a \u2018competent person\u2019 to help, for example a professional risk assessor.\n\nYour local fire and rescue authority might be able to give you advice if you\u2019re not sure your risk assessment\u2019s been carried out properly. However, they cannot carry out risk assessments for you.\n\n## Assessment guides\n\nYou can download the following guides on risk assessments in:\n\n- offices and shops\n\n- factories and warehouses\n\n- sleeping accommodation\n\n- residential care premises\n\n- educational premises\n\n- small and medium places of assembly (holding 300 people or less)\n\n- large places of assembly (holding more than 300 people)\n\n- theatres, cinemas and similar premises\n\n- open air events and venues\n\n- healthcare premises\n\n- animal premises and stables\n\n- transport premises and facilities\n\nYou can also find guidance on:\n\n- risk assessments if you work in construction\n\n- purpose-built blocks of flats and other types of housing if you\u2019re a landlord\n\n## Fire safety and evacuation plans\n\nYour plan must show how you have:\n\n- a clear passageway to all escape routes\n\n- clearly marked escape routes that are as short and direct as possible\n\n- enough exits and routes for all people to escape\n\n- emergency doors that open easily\n\n- emergency lighting where needed\n\n- training for all employees to know and use the escape routes\n\n- a safe meeting point for staff\n\n## People with mobility needs\n\nYou should also make special arrangements for people with mobility needs, for example make sure there are people to help wheelchair users get downstairs if there\u2019s a fire.\n\n## Fire safety equipment, drills and training\n\n## Fire detection and warning systems\n\nYou must have a fire detection and warning system. You may need different types of detectors, depending on the type of building and the work carried out in it.\n\n## Fire fighting equipment\n\nThe types of equipment you need depend on your business premises. You\u2019ll need to have any equipment properly installed, tested and maintained and train your staff to use them if necessary.\n\n## Maintenance and testing\n\nYou must carry out regular checks to make sure that:\n\n- all fire alarm systems are working\n\n- the emergency lighting is working\n\n- you record any faults in systems and equipment\n\n- all escape routes are clear and the floor is in good condition\n\n- all fire escapes can be opened easily\n\n- automatic fire doors close correctly\n\n- fire exit signs are in the right place\n\n## Fire drills and training\n\nYou need to train new staff when they start work and tell all employees about any new fire risks.\n\nYou should carry out at least one fire drill per year and record the results. You must keep the results as part of your fire safety and evacuation plan.\n\n## Enforcement, appeals and penalties\n\nYour local fire and rescue authority visits premises to check the fire risk assessment and fire prevention measures are appropriate. Fire safety officers should help you understand the rules and comply with them.\n\nThey can also take action if they think your fire safety measures are not adequate. For example, they might issue an informal notice suggesting safety measures.\n\nThey could also give you a formal fire safety notice. They\u2019ll tell you how to fix the problems described in the notice.\n\n## Alterations notice\n\nYou could get an alterations notice if your premises have high safety risks or will have high safety risks if the use of the premises changes.\n\n## Enforcement notice\n\nYou could get an enforcement notice if the fire and rescue authority finds a serious risk that\u2019s not being managed. It will say what improvements are needed by when.\n\n## Prohibition notice\n\nThese take effect immediately if the fire and rescue authority thinks the fire risk is so great that access to your premises needs to be prohibited or restricted.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou may be able to arrange an informal review from your fire and rescue authority if you disagree with the decision to issue a fire safety notice.\n\nYou can appeal to your local magistrates\u2019 court within 21 days of receiving a notice.\n\nIn certain circumstances, you and the fire and rescue authority can ask for a \u2018determination\u2019 from the Home Secretary to resolve a dispute.\n\n## Penalties\n\nYou could be fined or go to prison if you do not follow fire safety regulations.\n\nMinor penalties can be up to \u00a35,000. Major penalties can have unlimited fines and up to 2 years in prison.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-fire-safety-your-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am extending my caf\u00e9, the building work will allow for more tables and hopefully more custom. ", + "original_question": "For a small extension, will fire safety have to be designed into the work the builder is doing?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1532", + "question": "Scenario: I have a limited company and I am the director and because of the recent IR35 rules I have decided to take a permanent role and planning to apply for liquidation of my company . I have three shareholder in my limited company\n\nQuestion: Do I have get share holder's permission to file a liquidation ?\n\nDocument - Liquidate your limited company:\n## Overview\n\nYou can choose to liquidate your limited company (also called \u2018winding up\u2019 a company).\n\nThe company will stop doing business and employing people. The company will not exist once it\u2019s been removed (\u2018struck off\u2019) from the companies register at Companies House.\n\nWhen you liquidate a company, its assets are used to pay off its debts. Any money left goes to shareholders. You\u2019ll need a validation order to access your company bank account.\n\nIf that money has not been shared between the shareholders by the time the company is removed from the register, it will go to the state.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to restore your company to claim back money after it\u2019s been removed from the register.\n\nThere are 3 types of liquidation:\n\n- creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation - your company cannot pay its debts and you involve your creditors when you liquidate it\n\n- compulsory liquidation - your company cannot pay its debts and you apply to the courts to liquidate it\n\n- members\u2019 voluntary liquidation - your company can pay its debts but you want to close it\n\nYour company may be forced into liquidation if it cannot pay its debts.\n\n## Arrange liquidation with your creditors\n\nA director can propose a company stops trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if:\n\n- the company cannot pay its debts (it\u2019s \u2018insolvent\u2019)\n\n- enough shareholders agree\n\n## Get shareholders\u2019 agreement\n\nYou must call a meeting of shareholders and ask them to vote.\n\n75% (by value of shares) of shareholders must agree to the winding-up to pass a \u2018winding-up resolution\u2019.\n\nOnce the resolution is made there are 3 steps you must follow.\n\n- Appoint an authorised insolvency practitioner as liquidator to take charge of liquidating the company. You can find an insolvency practitioner online.\n\n- Send the resolution to Companies House within 15 days.\n\n- Advertise the resolution in The Gazette within 14 days.\n\nYour responsibilities as a director will change.\n\n## Apply directly to the court\n\nA director can ask a court to order the company to stop trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019).\n\nThis is known as \u2018compulsory liquidation\u2019.\n\nYou need to show the court that:\n\n- the company cannot pay its debts of \u00a3750 or more\n\n- 75% (by value of shares) of shareholders agree that the court can wind up the company\n\nYour company can be based anywhere but must carry out most of its business in England, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFill in a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019 (form Comp 1) and send it to the court with:\n\n- form Comp 2 confirming the details of your petition\n\n- the winding-up resolution from the shareholders\n\nWhere you send the petition depends on how much \u2018paid-up share capital\u2019 your company has. You can find this on the Companies House register.\n\n## Your paid-up share capital is \u00a3120,000 or more\n\nSubmit the petition online. It\u2019ll go to the High Court.\n\n## Your paid-up share capital is under \u00a3120,000\n\nFind your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy.\n\nSubmit the petition online if it\u2019s one of these courts:\n\n- Admiralty and Commercial Court\n\n- Chancery Division\n\n- Companies Court\n\n- High Court (including Bankruptcy Court)\n\n- London Mercantile Court\n\n- Rolls Building\n\nIf it was another court you\u2019ll need to submit the petition by post.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a31,600 to submit the petition\n\n- \u00a3280 for the court hearing\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll get a date for the hearing if the court accepts your petition.\n\nBefore the court hearing, you must:\n\n- give (\u2018serve\u2019) a copy of the petition to your company - fill in a certificate of service to let the court know you\u2019ve done this\n\n- put an advert in The Gazette at least 7 days before the hearing\n\n- send a copy of the advert and the certificate of service to the court\n\n## The court hearing\n\nYou or your solicitor must be at the court hearing. You do not have to give any evidence.\n\nIf the court gives a winding-up order, the court will put an official receiver in charge of the liquidation. They\u2019ll start liquidating your company. A copy of the winding-up order will be sent to your company\u2019s registered office.\n\nYour role as a director will change.\n\n## Liquidate a company you do not want to run anymore\n\nYou may choose members\u2019 voluntary liquidation if your company is \u2018solvent\u2019 (can pay its debts) and one of the following applies:\n\n- you want to retire\n\n- you want to step down from the family business and nobody else wants to run it\n\n- you do not want to run the business any more\n\nTo pass a resolution for members\u2019 voluntary liquidation, you must:\n\n- make a \u2018Declaration of solvency\u2019 - English and Welsh companies\n\n- ask the Accountant in Bankruptcy for form 4.25 (Scot) - Scottish companies\n\nYou\u2019ll need to review the company\u2019s assets and liabilities just before making the declaration.\n\n## Make a declaration of solvency\n\nWrite a statement saying that the directors have assessed the company and believe it can pay its debts, with interest at the official rate. You should also include:\n\n- the name and address of the company\n\n- the names and addresses of the company\u2019s directors\n\n- how long it will take the company to pay its debts - this must be no longer than 12 months from when the company\u2019s liquidated\n\nYou also need to include the statement of the company\u2019s assets and liabilities.\n\n## After you\u2019ve signed the declaration or form\n\nThere are 5 further steps to members\u2019 voluntary liquidation.\n\n- Sign the declaration or form 4.25 (Scot) - it must be signed by the majority of directors in front of a solicitor or \u2018notary public\u2019.\n\n- Call a general meeting with shareholders no more than 5 weeks later and pass a resolution for voluntary winding up.\n\n- At the meeting appoint an authorised insolvency practitioner as a liquidator who will take charge of winding up the company. You can find an insolvency practitioner online.\n\n- Advertise the resolution in The Gazette within 14 days.\n\n- Send your signed declaration to Companies House or form 4.25 (Scot) to the Accountant in Bankruptcy (for Scottish companies) within 15 days of passing the resolution.\n\nWhen the liquidator is appointed they take control of the company. Your responsibilities as a director will change.\n\n## What the liquidator does\n\nThe liquidator is an authorised insolvency practitioner or official receiver who runs the liquidation process.\n\nAs soon as the liquidator is appointed, they\u2019ll take control of the business.\n\nThey will:\n\n- settle any legal disputes or outstanding contracts\n\n- sell off the company\u2019s assets and use any money to pay creditors\n\n- meet deadlines for paperwork and keep authorities informed\n\n- pay liquidation costs and the final VAT bill\n\n- keep creditors informed and involve them in decisions where necessary\n\n- make payments to creditors\n\n- interview the directors and report on what went wrong in the business\n\n- get the company removed from the companies register\n\nIn a creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation, the liquidator acts in the interest of the creditors not the directors.\n\n## What happens to directors\n\nWhen a liquidator is appointed, directors:\n\n- no longer have control of the company or anything it owns\n\n- cannot act for or on behalf of the company\n\nIf you\u2019re a director you must:\n\n- give the liquidator any information about the company they ask for\n\n- hand over the company\u2019s assets, records and paperwork\n\n- allow the liquidator to interview you, if they ask\n\nYou can be banned from being a director for 2 to 15 years or prosecuted if the liquidator decides your conduct was unfit.\n\n## Re-using company names\n\nIf you were a director of a company in compulsory liquidation or creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation, you\u2019ll be banned for 5 years from forming, managing or promoting any business with the same or similar name to your liquidated company. This includes the company\u2019s registered name and any trading names (if it had any).\n\nThe only exceptions to this are where:\n\n- the business is sold by a licensed insolvency practitioner giving the legally required notice\n\n- you get the court\u2019s permission to use the name\n\n- you\u2019re involved with another company that\u2019s been using the same name as the liquidated company for at least a year\n\nRead the guidance on re-using company names.\n\n## Access to your bank account\n\nYour company\u2019s bank account will be frozen when someone files a petition to wind up the company.\n\nYou need a validation order to access it.\n\n## How to apply for a validation order\n\nTell the person who filed the winding-up petition (the respondent) you\u2019re applying for a validation order. You must also tell them what court you\u2019ll apply to (usually the Companies Court) and when you\u2019ll apply.\n\nFill in Form IAA and write a witness statement. Take the form and the statement to the court.\n\nYou need to pay a \u00a3155 fee.\n\n## What happens after you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a hearing on the same day or within the next few days.\n\nAt the hearing, you present your case to a registrar or district judge.\n\nThe respondent will present their case if they object to you getting a validation order.\n\nAt the end of the hearing you\u2019ll either:\n\n- get a decision - you\u2019ll also get a written copy sent to you\n\n- be asked to attend another hearing if the court wants more evidence\n\nYou\u2019ll be given the validation order if your application is successful. You must give your bank a copy of this to access your company\u2019s bank account.\n\nIf you do not agree with the decision you may be able to appeal to the Chancery Division of the High Court.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/liquidate-your-company", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a limited company and I am the director and because of the recent IR35 rules I have decided to take a permanent role and planning to apply for liquidation of my company . I have three shareholder in my limited company", + "original_question": "Do I have get share holder's permission to file a liquidation ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1533", + "question": "Scenario: We have recently created a beauty product and been selling to the local supermarket stores. Recently we decided to market the product online we have started receiving orders and queries from customers. As part of this we have store some customer information\n\nQuestion: Can we use their information to send them targeted advertisement?\n\nDocument - Marketing and advertising: the law:\n## Overview\n\nAll marketing and advertising must be:\n\n- an accurate description of the product or service\n\n- legal\n\n- decent\n\n- truthful\n\n- honest\n\n- socially responsible (not encouraging illegal, unsafe or anti-social behaviour)\n\nThere are regulations that restrict what advertisers can and cannot do.\n\nAs well as the regulations, there are 2 advertising codes of practice that you need to follow to help you advertise legally.\n\nYou must describe your product or service accurately.\n\n## Requirements for specific products\n\nThere are also specific requirements that apply to certain sectors, such as:\n\n- food\n\n- alcohol\n\n- beauty products\n\n- environmentally friendly products\n\n- medicines\n\n- tobacco\n\nFor example, you can only claim your drink is \u2018low in alcohol\u2019 if it contains between 0.5% and 1.2% alcohol by volume.\n\n## Data protection\n\nIf you\u2019re gathering, storing or using information about customers or potential customers, you must also protect their data.\n\n## Regulations that affect advertising\n\n## Advertising to consumers\n\nThe Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations mean you cannot mislead or harass consumers by, for example:\n\n- including false or deceptive messages\n\n- leaving out important information\n\n- using aggressive sales techniques\n\nRead \u2018The consumer protection from unfair trading regulations\u2019 for the rules on advertising legally.\n\n## Advertising to businesses\n\nAdvertising to businesses is covered by the Business Protection from Misleading Marketing Regulations. As well as being accurate and honest, you must not make misleading comparisons with competitors, that includes:\n\n- using a competitor\u2019s logo or trademark, or something very similar\n\n- comparing your product with a competitor\u2019s product that\u2019s not the same\n\nDownload \u2018The Business Protection from Misleading Marketing Regulations 2008\u2019 for more detail about the regulations that cover advertising to businesses.\n\n## Penalties\n\nIf you break the regulations, you could be reported to a local Trading Standards office. You could be fined, prosecuted or imprisoned.\n\n## Advertising codes of practice\n\nThere are 2 advertising codes of practice that describe how businesses should advertise.\n\nThey cover all kinds of promotional communications, depending where the advert or promotion will appear.\n\n## Non-broadcast media\n\nThe CAP non-broadcast code has rules that cover non-broadcast advertising (for example print, online), sales promotion and direct marketing (such as telesales and email).\n\nThe code specifies standards for accuracy and honesty that businesses must stick to, including specific conditions, such as:\n\n- advertising to children\n\n- causing offence\n\n- political advertising\n\n## Broadcast media (for example TV, radio)\n\nYou must follow the CAP broadcast code, which covers issues including taste, decency and product placement.\n\nAs well as setting standards about accuracy and honesty businesses must stick to, they also have rules about things like scheduling.\n\n## General broadcasting rules\n\nYou also need to follow rules about taste, decency, product placement etc that apply to all broadcasting.\n\nThese are called \u2018broadcast codes\u2019. Find out more about them on the Ofcom website.\n\n## Enforcing the rules\n\nThe rules are enforced by the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA).\n\nAnyone who thinks advertising rules have been broken can complain to the ASA within 3 months of the advert appearing.\n\nIf an advert breaks the rules, it may be withdrawn. If the product does not match the description or the advert breaks the law, you could be prosecuted.\n\n## Describing your product\n\nYou must describe your product accurately. This means if you make a claim about your product, you must be able to prove what you say.\n\n## Prices\n\nYour adverts must describe the actual cost accurately, including any ongoing or associated costs (like subscription fees) and taxes (such as VAT).\n\n## Direct marketing\n\nYou must check if customers want to be contacted by fax, phone, post or email, and give them the chance to object. You must be able to prove you\u2019ve done this.\n\nWhen you collect customer details, you must get their permission if you want to send them other offers or promotions.\n\nYou must also ask for their permission if you want to share their information with another organisation.\n\n## Letting customers opt out\n\nCustomers have the right to stop their information being used for direct marketing.\n\nYou must make it easy to opt out - for example by sending a \u2018STOP\u2019 text to a short number, or using an \u2018unsubscribe\u2019 link.\n\n## Telesales and fax marketing\n\nYou must say who you are when you make a telesales call, and give your address or phone number if you\u2019re asked for it. The number for customers to call must be a freephone number.\n\nYou\u2019re not allowed to send marketing faxes to individuals unless you\u2019ve received their prior permission, but you can send unsolicited faxes to companies.\n\nYou must be able to prove that you\u2019ve checked you\u2019re not contacting anyone who does not want to be contacted.\n\nCheck who\u2019s asked not to receive calls or faxes using the:\n\n- Telephone Preference Service\n\n- Fax Preference Service\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to phone or fax someone registered with these services if you do not have their permission. You can be fined up to \u00a3500,000 for each unsolicited phonecall.\n\n## Automated calls\n\nIf you want to make automated calls - with pre-recorded phone messages - you must get the permission of the individual or business first.\n\n## Direct mail\n\nCheck that your mailing lists do not include anyone who\u2019s asked not to receive direct mailing, using the Mail Preference Service.\n\n## Email marketing and text messages\n\nYou\u2019re only allowed to send marketing emails to individual customers if they\u2019ve given you permission.\n\nEmails or text messages must clearly indicate:\n\n- who you are\n\n- that you\u2019re selling something\n\n- what the promotions are, and any conditions\n\nCheck that you are not sending emails to anyone who\u2019s asked not to receive them, using the Email Preference Service.\n\nIf you buy or rent a mailing list, ask the supplier if you have the right to use it for email marketing.\n\nEvery marketing email you send must give the person the ability to opt out of (or \u2018unsubscribe from\u2019) further emails.\n\nYou must tell customers if you add them to a list of people who do not want to be emailed.\n\n## Cookies\n\nYou must tell visitors to your website how your site uses cookies, and ask if they want to accept them.\n\nThe information should be easy to understand.\n\nFind out more about cookies on the Information Commissioner\u2019s Office website and AboutCookies.org.\n\nCustomers can complain if you misuse their information, and you could be ordered to pay a fine or compensation.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/marketing-advertising-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We have recently created a beauty product and been selling to the local supermarket stores. Recently we decided to market the product online we have started receiving orders and queries from customers. As part of this we have store some customer information", + "original_question": "Can we use their information to send them targeted advertisement?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1536", + "question": "Scenario: I run a small business making bicycles that is based in England. I want to start shipping our products to Northern Ireland.\n\nQuestion: To get an XI EORI number, do I need to have a GB EORI number first?\n\nDocument - Get an EORI number:\n## Who needs an EORI\n\nYou may need an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) if you move goods:\n\n- between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or the Isle of Man and any other country (including the EU)\n\n- between Great Britain and Northern Ireland\n\n- between Great Britain and the Channel Islands\n\n- between Northern Ireland and countries outside the EU\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nTo get an EORI number, your business usually needs to have premises based in the country you want to import to or export from - this is called \u2018being established\u2019. Your premises will need to be either a:\n\n- registered office\n\n- central headquarters\n\n- permanent business establishment - premises where some of your customs-related activities are taking place and your HR and technical resources are permanently located\n\nYou do not need an EORI number if you\u2019re moving goods for personal use only.\n\n## If your business is not based in the country you\u2019re moving goods to or from\n\nYou should still get an EORI number if you\u2019re:\n\n- making a customs declaration - check if you\u2019re eligible to make a customs declaration\n\n- making an entry summary declaration\n\n- making an exit summary declaration\n\n- making a temporary storage declaration\n\n- making a customs declaration for temporary admission or re-export declaration where you have a guarantee\n\n- acting as a carrier for transporting goods by sea, inland waterway or air\n\n- acting as a carrier connected to the customs system and you want to get notifications regarding the lodging or amendment of entry summary declarations\n\n- established in a common transit country where the declaration is lodged instead of an entry summary declaration or is used as a pre-departure declaration\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible to apply for an EORI number yourself, you\u2019ll need to appoint someone to deal with customs on your behalf. The person you appoint will need to get the EORI number instead of you.\n\nIf you\u2019re based in the Channel Islands and you move goods to or from the UK, you do not need an EORI number. You\u2019ll need an EORI number if you use HMRC\u2019s customs systems like Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF).\n\n## When you\u2019ll need your EORI number\n\nYou\u2019ll need your EORI number if you:\n\n- appoint someone to deal with customs for you and are \u2018established\u2019 in the country you\u2019re importing to or exporting from\n\n- make customs declarations\n\n- use customs systems, such as the CHIEF system\nand the Import Control System Northern Ireland (ICS NI)\n\n- apply for a customs decision\n\n## Check which EORI number you need\n\nWhich type of EORI number you need and where you get it from depends on where you\u2019re moving goods to and from. You may need more than one.\n\nIf you do not have the right EORI number, you may have delays at customs and increased costs, for example your goods may have to be stored until you get an EORI.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving goods to or from Great Britain\n\nIf you move goods to or from Great Britain you must get an EORI number that starts with GB. If you already have an EORI number and it does not start with GB, you must apply for a GB EORI number.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving goods to or from Northern Ireland\n\nYou may also need an EORI number starting with XI if you move goods to or from Northern Ireland.\n\nYou do not need an EORI number starting with XI if you already have an EORI number from an EU country.\n\n## If your business will be making declarations or getting a customs decision in the EU\n\nYou may need an EU EORI number from an EU country. Contact the customs authority in an EU country to get an EORI number. You do not need an EORI number from an EU country if you already have an EORI number starting with XI.\n\n## If you move goods to or from Northern Ireland\n\nYou must have an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) that starts with XI if you:\n\n- move goods into Northern Ireland from Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales)\n\n- move goods from Northern Ireland to another non-EU country\n\n- make a declaration in Northern Ireland\n\n- apply for a customs decision in Northern Ireland\n\nYou only need to declare certain goods you move from Northern Ireland to Great Britain. Check if you need to make an export declaration and will need an EORI number that starts with XI.\n\nOnly people or organisations based in Northern Ireland or the EU can be named as the \u2018declarant\u2019 on import and export declarations made in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou do not need an EORI number if you only move goods on the island of Ireland or between an EU country and Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you already have an EU EORI number you do not need to apply for an XI EORI number.\n\nFind out how to apply for an XI EORI number.\n\n## Get help and advice if you move goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland\n\nSign up for the Trader Support Service to get advice on EORI numbers and moving goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland.\n\nFind more guidance on moving goods to and from Northern Ireland.\n\n## Apply for an EORI number\n\n## Apply for an EORI number that starts with GB\n\nTo apply for an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) you need your:\n\n- Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - find your UTR if you do not know it\n\n- business start date and Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code - these are in the Companies House register\n\n- Government Gateway user ID and password\n\n- VAT number and effective date of registration (if you\u2019re VAT registered) - these are on your VAT registration certificate\n\n- National Insurance number - if you\u2019re an individual or a sole trader\n\nIf you do not already have a Government Gateway user ID, you\u2019ll be able to create one when you apply.\n\nApply for a GB EORI number\n\nYou\u2019ll get your GB EORI number immediately unless HMRC needs to make any checks on your application. If they do, it can take up to 5 working days.\n\n## Apply for an EORI number that starts with XI\n\nBefore you apply, check you\u2019re eligible for an XI EORI number.\n\nYou must have applied for a GB EORI number before you can get an XI EORI number.\n\nOnce you have your GB EORI number then fill in an enquiry form, making sure you:\n\n- tick the box to say you will be trading with Northern Ireland or are based in Northern Ireland\n\n- tick the box saying your enquiry is a \u201cQuery regarding a current EORI number application\u201d\n\nYou\u2019ll get your XI EORI within 4 days.\n\n## Get help with an EORI number\n\nYou can check the status of an application you have already made.\n\nFill in an enquiry form if you have forgotten your EORI number, your details have changed or you have a question about your application.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/eori", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a small business making bicycles that is based in England. I want to start shipping our products to Northern Ireland.", + "original_question": "To get an XI EORI number, do I need to have a GB EORI number first?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1537", + "question": "Scenario: I am self employed as a carer and often drive my own car to the homes of those I support. \n\nQuestion: Can I use a flat rate for my vehicle mileage when I calculate it at the end of the year?\n\nDocument - Simplified expenses if you're self-employed:\n## Overview\n\nSimplified expenses are a way of calculating some of your business expenses using flat rates instead of working out your actual business costs.\n\nYou do not have to use simplified expenses. You can decide if it suits your business.\n\n## Who can use simplified expenses\n\nSimplified expenses can be used by:\n\n- sole traders\n\n- business partnerships that have no companies as partners\n\nSimplified expenses cannot be used by limited companies or business partnerships involving a limited company.\n\n## Types of expenses\n\nYou can use flat rates for:\n\n- business costs for some vehicles\n\n- working from home\n\n- living in your business premises\n\nYou must calculate all other expenses by working out the actual costs.\n\n## How to use simplified expenses\n\n- Keep records your business miles for vehicles, hours you work at home and how many people live at your business premises over the year.\n\n- At the end of the tax year use the flat rates for vehicle mileage, working from home, and living at your business premises to work out your expenses.\n\n- Include these amounts in the total for your expenses in your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs. This will help you work out if simplified expenses suits your business.\n\n## Vehicles\n\nCalculate your vehicle expenses using a flat rate for mileage instead of the actual costs of buying and running your vehicle, for example insurance, repairs, servicing, fuel.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses for:\n\n- cars (except cars designed for commercial use, for example black cabs or dual control driving instructors\u2019 cars)\n\n- goods vehicles (for example, vans)\n\n- motorcycles\n\nYou cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.\n\n| Vehicle | Flat rate per mile with simplified expenses |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles first 10,000 miles | 45p |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles after 10,000 miles | 25p |\n\n| Motorcycles | 24p |\n\nYou do not have to use flat rates for all your vehicles. Once you use the flat rates for a vehicle, you must continue to do so as long as you use that vehicle for your business.\n\nYou can claim all other travel expenses (for example train journeys) and parking on top of your vehicle expenses.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Working from home\n\nCalculate your allowable expenses using a flat rate based on the hours you work from home each month.\n\nThis means you do not have to work out the proportion of personal and business use for your home, for example how much of your utility bills are for business.\n\nThe flat rate does not include telephone or internet expenses. You can claim the business proportion of these bills by working out the actual costs.\n\nYou can only use simplified expenses if you work for 25 hours or more a month from home.\n\n| Hours of business use per month | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 25 to 50 | \u00a310 |\n\n| 51 to 100 | \u00a318 |\n\n| 101 and more | \u00a326 |\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Living at your business premises\n\nA small number of businesses use their business premises as their home, for example a guesthouse, bed and breakfast or small care home.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses instead of working out the split between what you spend for your private and business use of the premises.\n\nWith simplified expenses you calculate the total expenses for the premises.\n\nThen use the flat rates to subtract an amount for your personal use of the premises, based on the number of people living on the premises and claim the rest as your business expenses.\n\n| Number of people | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 1 | \u00a3350 |\n\n| 2 | \u00a3500 |\n\n| 3+ | \u00a3650 |\n\nIf someone lives at your business premises for part of the year, you can deduct only the relevant flat rate for the months they live there.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am self employed as a carer and often drive my own car to the homes of those I support. ", + "original_question": "Can I use a flat rate for my vehicle mileage when I calculate it at the end of the year?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1538", + "question": "Scenario: I am a sole trader and use a motorcycle to deliver my magazines. \n\nQuestion: Does the flat rate for simplified expenses change dependant on total mileage?\n\nDocument - Simplified expenses if you're self-employed:\n## Overview\n\nSimplified expenses are a way of calculating some of your business expenses using flat rates instead of working out your actual business costs.\n\nYou do not have to use simplified expenses. You can decide if it suits your business.\n\n## Who can use simplified expenses\n\nSimplified expenses can be used by:\n\n- sole traders\n\n- business partnerships that have no companies as partners\n\nSimplified expenses cannot be used by limited companies or business partnerships involving a limited company.\n\n## Types of expenses\n\nYou can use flat rates for:\n\n- business costs for some vehicles\n\n- working from home\n\n- living in your business premises\n\nYou must calculate all other expenses by working out the actual costs.\n\n## How to use simplified expenses\n\n- Keep records your business miles for vehicles, hours you work at home and how many people live at your business premises over the year.\n\n- At the end of the tax year use the flat rates for vehicle mileage, working from home, and living at your business premises to work out your expenses.\n\n- Include these amounts in the total for your expenses in your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs. This will help you work out if simplified expenses suits your business.\n\n## Vehicles\n\nCalculate your vehicle expenses using a flat rate for mileage instead of the actual costs of buying and running your vehicle, for example insurance, repairs, servicing, fuel.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses for:\n\n- cars (except cars designed for commercial use, for example black cabs or dual control driving instructors\u2019 cars)\n\n- goods vehicles (for example, vans)\n\n- motorcycles\n\nYou cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.\n\n| Vehicle | Flat rate per mile with simplified expenses |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles first 10,000 miles | 45p |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles after 10,000 miles | 25p |\n\n| Motorcycles | 24p |\n\nYou do not have to use flat rates for all your vehicles. Once you use the flat rates for a vehicle, you must continue to do so as long as you use that vehicle for your business.\n\nYou can claim all other travel expenses (for example train journeys) and parking on top of your vehicle expenses.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Working from home\n\nCalculate your allowable expenses using a flat rate based on the hours you work from home each month.\n\nThis means you do not have to work out the proportion of personal and business use for your home, for example how much of your utility bills are for business.\n\nThe flat rate does not include telephone or internet expenses. You can claim the business proportion of these bills by working out the actual costs.\n\nYou can only use simplified expenses if you work for 25 hours or more a month from home.\n\n| Hours of business use per month | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 25 to 50 | \u00a310 |\n\n| 51 to 100 | \u00a318 |\n\n| 101 and more | \u00a326 |\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Living at your business premises\n\nA small number of businesses use their business premises as their home, for example a guesthouse, bed and breakfast or small care home.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses instead of working out the split between what you spend for your private and business use of the premises.\n\nWith simplified expenses you calculate the total expenses for the premises.\n\nThen use the flat rates to subtract an amount for your personal use of the premises, based on the number of people living on the premises and claim the rest as your business expenses.\n\n| Number of people | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 1 | \u00a3350 |\n\n| 2 | \u00a3500 |\n\n| 3+ | \u00a3650 |\n\nIf someone lives at your business premises for part of the year, you can deduct only the relevant flat rate for the months they live there.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a sole trader and use a motorcycle to deliver my magazines. ", + "original_question": "Does the flat rate for simplified expenses change dependant on total mileage?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1540", + "question": "Scenario: I am self employed and an Information. technology professional. I work from home a lot and pay excess telephone and internet charges\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to claim telephone expenses through flat rate ?\n\nDocument - Simplified expenses if you're self-employed:\n## Overview\n\nSimplified expenses are a way of calculating some of your business expenses using flat rates instead of working out your actual business costs.\n\nYou do not have to use simplified expenses. You can decide if it suits your business.\n\n## Who can use simplified expenses\n\nSimplified expenses can be used by:\n\n- sole traders\n\n- business partnerships that have no companies as partners\n\nSimplified expenses cannot be used by limited companies or business partnerships involving a limited company.\n\n## Types of expenses\n\nYou can use flat rates for:\n\n- business costs for some vehicles\n\n- working from home\n\n- living in your business premises\n\nYou must calculate all other expenses by working out the actual costs.\n\n## How to use simplified expenses\n\n- Keep records your business miles for vehicles, hours you work at home and how many people live at your business premises over the year.\n\n- At the end of the tax year use the flat rates for vehicle mileage, working from home, and living at your business premises to work out your expenses.\n\n- Include these amounts in the total for your expenses in your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs. This will help you work out if simplified expenses suits your business.\n\n## Vehicles\n\nCalculate your vehicle expenses using a flat rate for mileage instead of the actual costs of buying and running your vehicle, for example insurance, repairs, servicing, fuel.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses for:\n\n- cars (except cars designed for commercial use, for example black cabs or dual control driving instructors\u2019 cars)\n\n- goods vehicles (for example, vans)\n\n- motorcycles\n\nYou cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.\n\n| Vehicle | Flat rate per mile with simplified expenses |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles first 10,000 miles | 45p |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles after 10,000 miles | 25p |\n\n| Motorcycles | 24p |\n\nYou do not have to use flat rates for all your vehicles. Once you use the flat rates for a vehicle, you must continue to do so as long as you use that vehicle for your business.\n\nYou can claim all other travel expenses (for example train journeys) and parking on top of your vehicle expenses.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Working from home\n\nCalculate your allowable expenses using a flat rate based on the hours you work from home each month.\n\nThis means you do not have to work out the proportion of personal and business use for your home, for example how much of your utility bills are for business.\n\nThe flat rate does not include telephone or internet expenses. You can claim the business proportion of these bills by working out the actual costs.\n\nYou can only use simplified expenses if you work for 25 hours or more a month from home.\n\n| Hours of business use per month | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 25 to 50 | \u00a310 |\n\n| 51 to 100 | \u00a318 |\n\n| 101 and more | \u00a326 |\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Living at your business premises\n\nA small number of businesses use their business premises as their home, for example a guesthouse, bed and breakfast or small care home.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses instead of working out the split between what you spend for your private and business use of the premises.\n\nWith simplified expenses you calculate the total expenses for the premises.\n\nThen use the flat rates to subtract an amount for your personal use of the premises, based on the number of people living on the premises and claim the rest as your business expenses.\n\n| Number of people | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 1 | \u00a3350 |\n\n| 2 | \u00a3500 |\n\n| 3+ | \u00a3650 |\n\nIf someone lives at your business premises for part of the year, you can deduct only the relevant flat rate for the months they live there.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am self employed and an Information. technology professional. I work from home a lot and pay excess telephone and internet charges", + "original_question": "Will I be able to claim telephone expenses through flat rate ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1542", + "question": "Scenario: I have recently started working on a job as a landscape gardener and the work is taking longer than expected. As I have been very busy with family life, no time has been agreed as to how long it should take.\n\nQuestion: does the customer have implied rights in this area?\n\nDocument - Avoid unfair terms in sales contracts:\n## Overview\n\nYour standard sales contracts must be \u2018fair\u2019 or you won\u2019t be able to enforce them.\n\nThere are different rules on what\u2019s fair for:\n\n- consumer contracts\n\n- business contracts\n\nYou\u2019re legally responsible for certain situations, eg when goods you sell are faulty. You must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible.\n\nYou have more responsibilities towards consumers than towards other businesses.\n\n## Customers\u2019 rights\n\nYour customers also have implied rights when buying your goods or services, unless the contract legally states otherwise.\n\n## Unfair consumer contracts\n\nYou can\u2019t enforce unfair terms in a consumer contract, or unfair consumer notices (eg signs on a shop wall or in a car park).\n\nYou can never enforce terms or notices that try to avoid your responsibility for:\n\n- death\n\n- injury\n\n- faulty goods\n\n- goods that aren\u2019t as described\n\n- selling goods that aren\u2019t yours to sell\n\nYou might not be able to enforce terms or notices if they try to avoid your responsibility in other ways, eg:\n\n- delays\n\n- unsatisfactory services\n\n- not doing what was agreed\n\nYour contract terms might also be unfair if they weigh the contract significantly in your favour, eg:\n\n- by providing for excessive cancellation charges and automatic loss of all upfront payments\n\n- by creating unbalanced rights, eg being able to cancel a contract at any time, but requiring the customer to give 3 months\u2019 notice\n\n- by allowing you to increase the agreed price at a later date\n\nYour contract won\u2019t be unfair just because it sets a price that\u2019s higher than another business charges.\n\nContracts must be written in plain language to avoid being misleading and unfair.\n\n## If a customer complains\n\nIt\u2019s up to the courts to decide if a term in your contract or wording in your notices is unfair.\n\nYou can be taken to court by the Competition and Markets Authority or a local trading standards office to stop you using unfair terms or notices.\n\nConsumers can also take legal action themselves to challenge unfair terms or notices.\n\nRead the guidance on unfair terms.\n\n## Unfair business contracts\n\nYour standard contract would be unfair if you try to not take responsibility for:\n\n- death or injury - under any circumstances\n\n- losses caused by negligence - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019\n\n- defective or poor quality goods - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019\n\nYou must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible for these things.\n\n## What is reasonable\n\nIt\u2019s up to the courts to decide what is reasonable.\n\nCourts will take into account:\n\n- the information available to both parties when the contract was drawn up\n\n- if the contract was negotiated or in standard form\n\n- if the buyer had the bargaining power to negotiate better terms\n\n## Implied and statutory rights\n\nYour customers have implied rights when buying your goods or services.\n\nSome implied rights are also known as \u2018statutory rights\u2019.\n\n## Products\n\nImplied rights mean a product must be:\n\n- as described\n\n- of satisfactory quality, eg safe, in working order, free of defects\n\n- fit for purpose - capable of doing what the customer has asked for\n\nContracts for hiring, hire purchase and part exchange also have these implied rights.\n\nConsumers always have these implied rights when buying goods - the contract can\u2019t legally state otherwise.\n\n## Services\n\nImplied rights mean services must be carried out:\n\n- with reasonable care and skill\n\n- within a reasonable time (if no specific time has been agreed)\n\n- for a reasonable charge (if no exact price has been agreed)\n\nYou\u2019re unlikely to be able to enforce terms in a consumer contract for services if they try to deny a customer\u2019s implied rights.\n\n## Business contracts\n\nYour business customers have implied rights unless the contract legally states otherwise in a way a court would decide is reasonable.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unfair-terms-in-sales-contracts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have recently started working on a job as a landscape gardener and the work is taking longer than expected. As I have been very busy with family life, no time has been agreed as to how long it should take.", + "original_question": "does the customer have implied rights in this area?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1546", + "question": "Scenario: I run a jewellery store but have only ever traded instore. I know very little about the internet but I am told it might be a good way to expand my customer base. I have no idea how to go about this though.\n\nQuestion: Can I get advise on trading on the internet?\n\nDocument - Find overseas customers and export opportunities:\n## Find export opportunities\n\nUse great.gov.uk to:\n\n- make sure your business is ready to export\n\n- show your products directly to overseas buyers through the \u2018find a buyer\u2019 service\n\n- find overseas opportunities for your product or service\n\nStart now\n\n## Find customers online\n\nGet help selling online overseas and take advantage of special deals negotiated by the government.\n\nAnd join the e-exporting programme to get:\n\n- advice on developing a strategy from e-commerce and international trade experts\n\n- special rates for some of the world\u2019s most popular online selling platforms\n\n- regular updates on e-commerce trends and opportunities to hear from industry experts and network with other online traders\n\nContact e-exporting@trade.gov.uk to join the e-exporting programme.\n\n## Get help from a trade specialist\n\nThe Department for International Trade (DIT) has a network of trade specialists who can also help you find overseas customers by:\n\n- helping you prepare for a trade show or overseas market visit (sometimes grants are available - check with the event organiser)\n\n- arranging introductions to potential overseas buyers, agents and distributors (there\u2019s a charge for this service)\n\nTo find out more, first see the export guidance on great.gov.uk, then contact a trade adviser in your region.\n\n## If you had an OMIS account\n\nIf you had an Overseas Market Introduction Service (OMIS) account and want to talk about something you commissioned, contact a trade adviser in your region or email omis.orders@digital.trade.gov.uk.\n\n## Defence, security and cyber security\n\nContact the Defence and Security Organisation (DSO) for help with:\n\n- presentations, product demonstrations and hosting delegations (including a bespoke hanger for exhibitions and demonstration centre for cyber security products)\n\n- displaying your products on the DSO stand at exhibitions and trade shows\n\n- booking military personnel to appear on your stand at an exhibition or trade show\n\n- providing after sales training to customers\n\nDSO provides media support for product launches or overseas campaigns. Call +44 (0)20 7215 8467.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-customers-export-opportunities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a jewellery store but have only ever traded instore. I know very little about the internet but I am told it might be a good way to expand my customer base. I have no idea how to go about this though.", + "original_question": "Can I get advise on trading on the internet?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1550", + "question": "Scenario: I manage a hardware store, which sells products primarily to consumers. I am considering starting a tool hire service as a side line, operating from the same premises and under the same owner.\n\nQuestion: Does the doctrine of \"implied rights\" cover products which are hired out rather than sold?\n\nDocument - Avoid unfair terms in sales contracts:\n## Overview\n\nYour standard sales contracts must be \u2018fair\u2019 or you won\u2019t be able to enforce them.\n\nThere are different rules on what\u2019s fair for:\n\n- consumer contracts\n\n- business contracts\n\nYou\u2019re legally responsible for certain situations, eg when goods you sell are faulty. You must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible.\n\nYou have more responsibilities towards consumers than towards other businesses.\n\n## Customers\u2019 rights\n\nYour customers also have implied rights when buying your goods or services, unless the contract legally states otherwise.\n\n## Unfair consumer contracts\n\nYou can\u2019t enforce unfair terms in a consumer contract, or unfair consumer notices (eg signs on a shop wall or in a car park).\n\nYou can never enforce terms or notices that try to avoid your responsibility for:\n\n- death\n\n- injury\n\n- faulty goods\n\n- goods that aren\u2019t as described\n\n- selling goods that aren\u2019t yours to sell\n\nYou might not be able to enforce terms or notices if they try to avoid your responsibility in other ways, eg:\n\n- delays\n\n- unsatisfactory services\n\n- not doing what was agreed\n\nYour contract terms might also be unfair if they weigh the contract significantly in your favour, eg:\n\n- by providing for excessive cancellation charges and automatic loss of all upfront payments\n\n- by creating unbalanced rights, eg being able to cancel a contract at any time, but requiring the customer to give 3 months\u2019 notice\n\n- by allowing you to increase the agreed price at a later date\n\nYour contract won\u2019t be unfair just because it sets a price that\u2019s higher than another business charges.\n\nContracts must be written in plain language to avoid being misleading and unfair.\n\n## If a customer complains\n\nIt\u2019s up to the courts to decide if a term in your contract or wording in your notices is unfair.\n\nYou can be taken to court by the Competition and Markets Authority or a local trading standards office to stop you using unfair terms or notices.\n\nConsumers can also take legal action themselves to challenge unfair terms or notices.\n\nRead the guidance on unfair terms.\n\n## Unfair business contracts\n\nYour standard contract would be unfair if you try to not take responsibility for:\n\n- death or injury - under any circumstances\n\n- losses caused by negligence - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019\n\n- defective or poor quality goods - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019\n\nYou must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible for these things.\n\n## What is reasonable\n\nIt\u2019s up to the courts to decide what is reasonable.\n\nCourts will take into account:\n\n- the information available to both parties when the contract was drawn up\n\n- if the contract was negotiated or in standard form\n\n- if the buyer had the bargaining power to negotiate better terms\n\n## Implied and statutory rights\n\nYour customers have implied rights when buying your goods or services.\n\nSome implied rights are also known as \u2018statutory rights\u2019.\n\n## Products\n\nImplied rights mean a product must be:\n\n- as described\n\n- of satisfactory quality, eg safe, in working order, free of defects\n\n- fit for purpose - capable of doing what the customer has asked for\n\nContracts for hiring, hire purchase and part exchange also have these implied rights.\n\nConsumers always have these implied rights when buying goods - the contract can\u2019t legally state otherwise.\n\n## Services\n\nImplied rights mean services must be carried out:\n\n- with reasonable care and skill\n\n- within a reasonable time (if no specific time has been agreed)\n\n- for a reasonable charge (if no exact price has been agreed)\n\nYou\u2019re unlikely to be able to enforce terms in a consumer contract for services if they try to deny a customer\u2019s implied rights.\n\n## Business contracts\n\nYour business customers have implied rights unless the contract legally states otherwise in a way a court would decide is reasonable.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unfair-terms-in-sales-contracts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I manage a hardware store, which sells products primarily to consumers. I am considering starting a tool hire service as a side line, operating from the same premises and under the same owner.", + "original_question": "Does the doctrine of \"implied rights\" cover products which are hired out rather than sold?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1551", + "question": "Scenario: I live and work in the UK, and wish to purchase shares in a company incorporated in France. They do not appear to have a share office here in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Will I have to pay tax and/or Stamp Duty on this purchase?\n\nDocument - Tax when you buy shares:\n## Overview\n\nWhen you buy shares, you usually pay a tax or duty of 0.5% on the transaction.\n\nIf you buy:\n\n- shares electronically, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT)\n\n- shares using a stock transfer form, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty if the transaction is over \u00a31,000\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay tax at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.\n\nYou pay tax on the price you pay for the shares, even if their actual market value is much higher.\n\n## Transactions you pay tax on\n\nYou pay tax when you buy:\n\n- existing shares in a company incorporated in the UK\n\n- an option to buy shares\n\n- an interest in shares, for example an interest in the money from selling them\n\n- shares in a foreign company that has a share register in the UK\n\n- rights arising from shares, for example rights you have when new shares are issued\n\n## When you do not pay tax\n\nYou do not have to pay tax if you:\n\n- are given shares for nothing\n\n- subscribe to a new issue of shares in a company\n\n- buy shares in an \u2018open ended investment company\u2019 (OEIC) from the fund manager\n\n- buy units in a unit trust from the fund manager\n\nYou do not normally have to pay Stamp Duty or SDRT if you buy foreign shares outside the UK. But you may have to pay other taxes.\n\n## When you sell the shares\n\nYou may need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your shares.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nContact Stamp Duty share enquiries for general information about Stamp Duty on shares.\n\nContact Stamp Duty Reserve Tax enquiries if you have questions about Stamp Duty on electronic paperless share transactions.\n\nYou can also get professional help (for example, from a tax adviser) with your tax.\n\n## Buying shares electronically\n\nYou\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) if you buy shares electronically through the \u2018CREST\u2019 system (a computerised register of shares and shareowners).\n\nThe tax is taken automatically when you buy the shares, so you do not need to do anything else about your tax.\n\nSDRT is charged at 0.5% when you buy shares electronically.\n\nIf you do not pay cash for your shares but give something else of value to buy them, you pay SDRT based on the value of what you gave.\n\nIf you\u2019re given shares for nothing, you do not have to pay any tax.\n\n## Buying shares \u2018off-market\u2019\n\nYou must also pay SDRT on \u2018off-market\u2019 transactions. This is when shares are transferred outside CREST.\n\n## How to pay\n\nTax is not deducted automatically when you buy shares off-market.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) a written notice with details of the transaction.\n\nIf you do not pay on time, you\u2019ll be charged interest from the due date until the date you pay. You may also get a penalty.\n\n## Buying shares using a stock transfer form\n\nYou must pay Stamp Duty on your shares if:\n\n- you buy shares through a stock transfer form\n\n- the transaction is over \u00a31,000\n\nYou pay 0.5% duty, which will be rounded up to the nearest \u00a35.\n\nFor shares under \u00a31,000, you will not need to pay anything.\n\n## Get a stock transfer form\n\nYou can get a stock transfer form from:\n\n- a broker\n\n- a lawyer or an accountant who deals in shares\n\nYou can also download a stock transfer form from the internet.\n\nFind out what you need to include in a stock transfer form.\n\n## Send the transfer form to HMRC and pay Stamp Duty\n\nYou must send a copy of your stock transfer form to the Stamp Office within 30 days of it being signed and dated.\n\nEmail an electronic version or a scan of your paper form to stampdutymailbox@hmrc.gov.uk.\n\nIf you cannot email your stock transfer form, send a photocopy by post. You must keep the original signed document for your records.\n\nThere is a different address to send a stock transfer form by courier.\n\nYou must also pay the Stamp Duty within 30 days of the stock transfer form being signed and dated.\n\nYou may get a penalty if you do not pay on time.\n\n## Special share arrangements\n\nYou pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) or Stamp Duty at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.\n\nThis is when the shares are transferred to a service operated by a third party (for example, a bank). The shares can then be traded free of Stamp Duty or SDRT.\n\nNot all of these schemes work like this. Sometimes the higher rate is not charged and you pay Stamp Duty or SDRT in the normal way. Check the details of your scheme with your stockbroker.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-buy-shares", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live and work in the UK, and wish to purchase shares in a company incorporated in France. They do not appear to have a share office here in the UK.", + "original_question": "Will I have to pay tax and/or Stamp Duty on this purchase?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1552", + "question": "Scenario: My company is one of the two largest vendors in our target market, having just over 50% share with our main rival having a little under 40%. Informal contact with representatives of this rival (via our mutual membership in a trade association) has produced an \"understanding\" whereby we don't approach each other's customers in certain sectors of the market.\n\nQuestion: Does our informal arrangement constitute anti-competitive practice?\n\nDocument - Avoid and report anti-competitive activity:\n## Overview\n\nAll businesses, whatever their size, must understand how they\u2019re affected by competition law.\n\nYou must follow the rules on all types of anti-competitive activity including:\n\n- price fixing, bid rigging and other ways of agreeing not to compete (sometimes called \u2018cartels\u2019)\n\n- abuse of a dominant market position\n\nYou should manage the risk of breaking the law, for example by having clear policies, guidelines and training for your staff.\n\nYou can report anti-competitive activity if you think another business is breaking the law, or if you might have been involved yourself.\n\n## If you\u2019re involved in anti-competitive activity\n\nYour business can be fined up to 10% of its worldwide turnover and sued for damages.\n\nYou can be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years if you\u2019re found guilty of being involved in cartel activity.\n\nCompany directors can be disqualified from being a director for up to 15 years.\n\nGet legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme if you think something your business is doing might break the law.\n\n## Types of anti-competitive activity\n\nYou must avoid all types of anti-competitive activity in your business including:\n\n- agreeing not to compete with another business\n\n- abusing a dominant position\n\nYou can report anti-competitive activity if you see it.\n\n## Agreeing not to compete with another business (\u2018cartels\u2019)\n\nIf 2 or more businesses agree not to compete with each other in certain ways, it\u2019s called a \u2018cartel\u2019.\n\nThe rules on cartels apply to businesses of any size.\n\nRules about cartels cover:\n\n- price fixing\n\n- bid rigging\n\n- sharing markets or customers\n\n- sharing commercially sensitive information\n\nAn agreement does not have to be in writing for it to be illegal. You can break the law if you have an informal conversation (or \u2018gentleman\u2019s agreement\u2019) with another business, even if the agreement is not carried out.\n\nYou can work with other businesses without breaking competition law. Get legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme if you need to, and make sure you manage any risks.\n\n## Price fixing\n\nYou must not discuss the prices you\u2019re going to charge your customers with your competitors.\n\nYou\u2019ll be breaking the law if you agree with another business:\n\n- to charge the same prices to your customers\n\n- to offer discounts or increase your prices at the same time\n\n- to charge the same fees to intermediaries, for example retailers selling your products\n\n## Bid rigging\n\nYou cannot discuss bids for a contract tender with your competitors. Bid rigging includes:\n\n- agreeing with your competitors how much you\u2019ll bid for a contract or share information about your bid\n\n- taking turns to win contracts\n\n- asking other businesses to bid when they do not want the contract (called \u2018cover bids\u2019)\n\n- paying other businesses not to bid or when you win a tender\n\n- agreeing with other businesses not to bid or to withdrawing your bid\n\n## Market sharing\n\nYou cannot agree with other businesses to share markets or customers. You\u2019ll be breaking competition law if you agree with another business:\n\n- not to approach each other\u2019s customers\n\n- not to compete with them for customers, for example in specific locations\n\n## Sharing information\n\nYou cannot share information with other businesses that might reduce competition between you, for example information about:\n\n- prices\n\n- production\n\n- your suppliers, customers or contractors\n\n- the markets you sell or plan to sell to\n\nThis includes sharing information through a third party, for example a trade association.\n\n## Abusing a dominant position\n\nYour business might have a \u2018dominant position\u2019 in the market if:\n\n- it has more than a 40% market share\n\n- it\u2019s not affected by normal competitive restraints\n\nYou might be abusing your dominant position if you\u2019re unfair to your customers or other businesses, for example you:\n\n- treat customers differently, for example by offering different prices or terms to similar customers\n\n- make customers buy products they do not want, for example forcing them to take warranties for electrical products\n\n- charge low prices that do not cover your costs so you drive out competitors\n\nIf you think you have a dominant market position, get legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme to find out what you can and cannot do.\n\n## Other anti-competitive activities\n\nYou must avoid other activities that break competition law, eg:\n\n- buying or selling jointly with your competitors\n\n- agreeing with your competitors to reduce production of something to raise its market value\n\n- restricting how much other businesses can sell your product for\n\n- agreeing with your competitors not to sell to certain customers or deal with certain suppliers\n\n- having long-term exclusive contracts with any customers or suppliers\n\n## Manage risk\n\nThe people who run your business are responsible for ensuring it does not break competition law. You should:\n\n- work out where your business is at risk and how serious any risks are\n\n- set up policies, guidelines and training for your staff if you need to\n\nYour business can still be given a penalty and sued for damages even if your senior managers did not know about the illegal activity.\n\n## Work out if your business is at risk\n\nYou\u2019re more likely to be at risk if:\n\n- you or your employees have contact with your competitors, for example at conferences or trade association meetings\n\n- your employees regularly move to or from jobs with your competitors\n\n- you have partnerships with your competitors, for example joint buying or selling\n\n- you have any long-term exclusive contracts with any customers or suppliers\n\n- your business has a dominant position in any market where you do business\n\n## Set up policies, guidelines and training\n\nYou should ask a senior member of staff, for example a director, to make sure your employees know how to avoid and report anti-competitive behaviour.\n\nThere\u2019s further guidance from the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) on reducing the risk of your business breaking the law.\n\n## Report anti-competitive activity\n\nThe way you report anti-competitive activity depends on the type of activity.\n\n## Report a cartel\n\nA cartel is where two or more businesses agree not to compete with each other, for example by sharing a market or fixing prices.\n\nContact the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) cartels hotline if you:\n\n- know about a cartel\n\n- have been involved in one\n\nYou may:\n\n- get a financial reward for information that leads to an investigation\n\n- be treated with leniency if you report a cartel you\u2019ve been involved with\n\n## Report other anti-competitive activity\n\nTell the CMA if you have concerns about anti-competitive activity. Email general.enquiries@cma.gov.uk with the following information:\n\n- your contact details\n\n- the business you have concerns about and a description of the issue along with any supporting evidence\n\n- the market area according to the UK Standard Classification Index\n\n- details of any other organisations you have contacted\n\nIf you want help with a consumer problem, contact Citizens Advice (or the Financial Conduct Authority for consumer credit-related issues).\n\n## Report your concerns to an industry regulator\n\nYou can also report concerns about anti-competitive activity in certain sectors to a regulator. These are:\n\n- Civil Aviation Authority for airports and air traffic services\n\n- Financial Conduct Authority for financial services in the UK\n\n- Monitor for health services in England\n\n- Ofcom for television, radio, telephone, postal and internet services\n\n- Ofgem for gas and electricity in England, Wales and Scotland\n\n- Ofwat for water and sewage services in England and Wales\n\n- Office of Road and Rail for railways in England, Wales and Scotland\n\n- Payment Systems Regulator for payment systems in the UK\n\n- Utility Regulator for gas, electricity, water and sewerage in Northern Ireland", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My company is one of the two largest vendors in our target market, having just over 50% share with our main rival having a little under 40%. Informal contact with representatives of this rival (via our mutual membership in a trade association) has produced an \"understanding\" whereby we don't approach each other's customers in certain sectors of the market.", + "original_question": "Does our informal arrangement constitute anti-competitive practice?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1553", + "question": "Scenario: I own and manage a small dairy, which supplies products to large retailers as well as selling packaged products directly to the public. We use the metric system in-house, but many of our customers prefer our products to be sold in traditional Imperial units (pints, gallons etc).\n\nQuestion: Is it still legal to display weights or volumes in Imperial Measurements on our packaging?\n\nDocument - Weights and measures: the law:\n## Units of measurement\n\nYou must use metric measurements (grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres) when selling packaged or loose goods in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nThere are different rules in Northern Ireland.\n\nThe only products you can sell in imperial measures are:\n\n- draught beer or cider by pint\n\n- milk in returnable containers by pint\n\n- precious metals by troy ounce\n\nYou can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.\n\n## Specified quantities\n\nSome goods must be sold in fixed sizes known as \u2018specified quantities\u2019.\n\n## Alcohol\n\nThere are different rules depending on whether you\u2019re selling by the glass or bottle.\n\n## By the glass\n\n| | Measures |\n\n| Still wine | 125ml, 175ml, multiples of 125ml and 175ml |\n\n| Port, sherry or other fortified wine | 50ml, 70ml, multiples of 50ml or 70ml |\n\n| Gin, rum, vodka and whisky | Either 25ml and multiples of 25ml, or 35ml and multiples of 35ml (not both on the same premises) |\n\n| Draught beer and cider | Third, half, two-thirds of a pint and multiples of half a pint |\n\nThere are no specified quantities for sparkling wine or yellow wine by the glass or spirits other than gin, rum, vodka and whisky.\n\n## Packaged in bottles, boxes or similar\n\n| | Volume by millilitre (ml) |\n\n| Still wine | 100, 187, 250, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 |\n\n| Yellow wine | 620 |\n\n| Sparkling wine | 125, 200, 375, 750, 1500 |\n\n| Fortified wine | 100, 200, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 |\n\n| Spirit drinks | 100, 200, 350, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 1750, 2000 |\n\nYou can sell packaged alcohol in any volume if it\u2019s below the minimum or above the maximum allowed for specified quantities.\n\n| | Minimum (ml) | Maximum (ml) |\n\n| Still wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Yellow wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Sparkling wine | 125 | 1500 |\n\n| Fortified wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Spirit drinks | 100 | 2000 |\n\nThere are no specified quantities for packaged beer or cider.\n\n## Solid fuel\n\nYou can sell sealed bags of solid fuel in any size you wish but if you\u2019re selling it loose, you can only sell it in quantities of:\n\n- 25kg\n\n- 50kg\n\n- multiples of 50kg\n\n## Packaged goods\n\nPackaged goods are products that are all of these:\n\n- sold sealed\n\n- between 5g and 25kg or 5ml and 25 litres\n\n- the same weight or volume as other products of the same type\n\nThere are 2 ways to pack your products.\n\n## Minimum system\n\nYou can pack your products so that they contain at least the quantity displayed on the label. The packages can contain more than the label says, but not less.\n\n## Average system\n\nYou can pack your products to an average measurement that is on the label. You must check your packages to make sure a random sample is packed to meet all these rules - known as the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules\u2019:\n\n- the contents of the packages must not be less, on average, than the weight on the label\n\n- only a small number can fall below a certain margin of error, known as the \u2018tolerable negative error\u2019 (TNE)\n\n- no package can be underweight by more than twice the TNE\n\n| Quantity in grams and millilitres | TNE as % of quantity | TNE in grams or millilitres |\n\n| 5 to 50 | 9 | n/a |\n\n| 50 to 100 | n/a | 4.5 |\n\n| 100 to 200 | 4.5 | n/a |\n\n| 200 to 300 | n/a | 9 |\n\n| 300 to 500 | 3 | n/a |\n\n| 500 to 1,000 | n/a | 15 |\n\n| 1,000 to 10,000 | 1.5 | n/a |\n\n| 10,000 to 15,000 | n/a | 150 |\n\n| more than 15,000 | 1 | n/a |\n\nIf you\u2019re calculating the TNE as a percentage of the quantity, you must round up the weight or volume to the nearest 0.10 of a gram or millilitre.\n\nContact your local Trading Standards office for help with packing to the average system.\n\nRead the \u2018Weights and Measures (Packaged Goods) 2006\u2019 guidance for business for more information.\n\nYou must make sure packaged goods you\u2019re producing or importing are packed and labelled correctly.\n\nYou can be fined or sent to prison if you break the rules.\n\n## Equipment and records\n\n## Equipment for packaged goods\n\nThe equipment you use to weigh or measure your packaged goods has to be suitable. There are no hard and fast rules about what equipment you should use but you cannot use domestic scales to weigh goods you intend to sell.\n\nYour local Trading Standards office will tell you what is suitable equipment for your business sector.\n\nTrading Standards will check the weights and measures of your goods on your production line to make sure the equipment is accurate.\n\n## Records\n\nYou must keep records if you pack your products using the average system. You must record the results of your sample batches and show that they meet the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules.\n\nYou do not have to keep records if you measure every package or you use the minimum system to pack your products.\n\nYou must keep your records for at least one year from either the date you ship the packages or the \u2018use by\u2019 date on the package - whichever is shorter.\n\nYour local Trading Standards office can advise you about how to keep records.\n\n## Labelling packaged goods\n\nYou must put the weight or volume of your packaged goods on the label.\n\nThe quantity marking must be:\n\n- permanent\n\n- easy to see\n\n- meet a minimum height requirement\n\nYou can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.\n\n## Food\n\nRead the rules about what you must show on packaged food labels.\n\n## Exporting packaged goods\n\nYou must meet the rules for packaged goods in the country you\u2019re exporting to.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own and manage a small dairy, which supplies products to large retailers as well as selling packaged products directly to the public. We use the metric system in-house, but many of our customers prefer our products to be sold in traditional Imperial units (pints, gallons etc).", + "original_question": "Is it still legal to display weights or volumes in Imperial Measurements on our packaging?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1556", + "question": "Scenario: I am 24 years old, divorced and live in England. I have an application in process to register as as childminder, have public liability insurance and have already passed my childcare training and full DBS Check.\n\nQuestion: If my application is approved, can I prevent Ofsted from publishing my address?\n\nDocument - Become a childminder or nanny (England):\n## Overview\n\nIf you want to be paid to look after children under 8, you might need to register with Ofsted or a childminder agency.\n\nYou can get a fine if you do not register when you need to.\n\nYou must register as a childminder if all of the following apply:\n\n- the children are under the age of 8\n\n- you look after them for more than 2 hours a day\n\n- you look after them in your own home\n\n- you get paid to look after them - including payment in kind\n\nYou can register with Ofsted online. To register with a childminder agency, contact them directly.\n\nThere are different rules if you want to provide daycare outside someone\u2019s home - for example a nursery or creche.\n\nYou do not need to register if you\u2019re:\n\n- a nanny\n\n- a tutor\n\n- a babysitter and if you look after the children between 6pm and 2am\n\n- a family friend and if you look after the children less than 3 hours a day\n\nYou can still choose to register if you\u2019re a nanny or in other situations. This helps the child\u2019s parents qualify for free childcare.\n\nCheck which register to join if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## Who cannot register\n\nYou cannot register if you:\n\n- are under 18\n\n- are related to all of the children you look after\n\n- do not have the legal right to work in the UK\n\n- are barred from working with children\n\n- have been disqualified\n\n- have been refused registration in the past or had your registration cancelled - unless it was because you did not pay your annual fee\n\n- are childminding in a home where a disqualified person lives or works\n\nIf you\u2019ve been disqualified, you may be able to apply to waive your disqualification\n\n## Which register to join\n\nThere are 2 registers - the Early Years Register and the Childcare Register.\n\nWhich register you join depends on:\n\n- the age of the children you\u2019re looking after\n\n- if you\u2019re registering as a childminder or a nanny\n\nYou\u2019ll be prompted to join the correct register when you apply.\n\n## Children up to the age of 5\n\nIf you\u2019re a childminder and you look after children from birth to 5 years old you must join the Early Years Register. This lets you look after children up to 31 August after their fifth birthday.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a registration visit from Ofsted when you apply.\n\nAfter you join the register you must follow the early years foundation stage (EYFS) framework.\n\nNannies cannot join the Early Years Register.\n\n## Children from 5 to 8 years old\n\nIf you\u2019re a childminder and you look after children from 5 to 8 years old you must join the Childcare Register. This lets you look after children from 1 September after their fifth birthday up to their eighth birthday.\n\nAs a nanny you can choose to join the Childcare Register, regardless of the age of the children you\u2019re looking after.\n\nYou may be inspected by Ofsted. You may also get a registration visit.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nYou need to pay an annual registration fee to Ofsted. You\u2019ll also have to pay for things like criminal record checks, training and insurance.\n\n## Registration fee\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay the registration fee each year.\n\n| | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies |\n\n| Childminders - caring only for children aged 5 or under | \u00a335 | Not applicable |\n\n| Childminders - caring only for children aged 5 or older | \u00a3103 | Not applicable |\n\n| Childminders - caring for children of all ages | \u00a335 | Not applicable |\n\n| Register as a nanny | Not applicable | \u00a3103 |\n\n## Criminal record and health checks\n\n| | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies |\n\n| Your criminal record check | \u00a348.10 | \u00a348.10 |\n\n| Checks for adults in your home | \u00a348.10 each | Not applicable |\n\n| Criminal record check update service (recommended) | \u00a313/year | \u00a313/year |\n\n| GP to fill in and sign health declaration booklet | \u00a390 (approximately) | Not applicable |\n\n## Training\n\n| | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies |\n\n| First aid course to cover the age groups you look after | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately) | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately) |\n\n| Childcare training on the type of care you will provide - ask your council | \u00a350 to \u00a3200 (approximately) | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately) |\n\n## Other costs\n\n| Insurance | Cost |\n\n| Public liability insurance | \u00a325 to \u00a3100 (approximately) |\n\n| Keeping digital records | Cost |\n\n| Register with ICO to keep digital records of children (childminders only) | \u00a340 |\n\n## Register as a nanny\n\nYou can register with Ofsted as a nanny or au pair to look after children in their own home.\n\nA nanny can look after children from 1 or 2 families at the same time.\n\nIf you want to look after children from more than 2 families at the same time in your home, you\u2019ll need to register as a childminder instead.\n\nYou will need:\n\n- an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) - you must get the right criminal record check\n\n- first aid training\n\n- childcare training - speak to your local council\n\n- public liability insurance\n\n- a certificate of good character from an embassy - if you\u2019ve lived abroad in the past 5 years\n\nOfsted will reject your application if you do not have the correct documents.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt costs \u00a3103 to register with Ofsted. This fee is not refundable.\n\nFind out about other costs.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt usually takes up to 12 weeks to process your application.\n\n## Register online\n\nIt should take you about 15 minutes to fill in the form.\n\nRegister as a nanny\n\n## Register as a childminder\n\nYou must register with Ofsted to look after children in your home.\n\nIf you\u2019re looking after children in their own home, you should register with Ofsted as a nanny or au pair instead.\n\nYou will need:\n\n- an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) - you must get the right criminal record check\n\n- first aid training for the age group you will look after\n\n- childcare training - speak to your local council\n\n- a health declaration booklet\n\n- contact details for 2 references\n\n- a certificate of good character from an embassy - if you\u2019ve lived abroad in the past 5 years\n\nOfsted will reject your application if you do not have the correct documents.\n\n## Checks on other people in your home\n\nIf anyone aged 16 or over lives with you or works in your home regularly, they\u2019ll need to get an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists.\n\nThe type of check they get depends on their role. For example your partner would need to get a different check to someone who works in your home, like a cleaner.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to get a certificate of good character from an embassy if they\u2019ve lived abroad in the last 5 years.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt usually costs \u00a335 to register with Ofsted. This fee is not refundable.\n\nFind out about other costs.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt usually takes up to 12 weeks to process your application.\n\n## Register online\n\nIt should take you about 30 minutes to fill in the form.\n\nRegister as a childminder\n\n## After you apply\n\nWhen you submit your application Ofsted will:\n\n- do background checks with local authorities\n\n- check your references\n\n- give you a reference number to use if you have questions about your application\n\n## If you\u2019re a childminder\n\nAn inspector will visit you to check:\n\n- your identity and qualifications - including first aid qualifications\n\n- your house and garden are safe for children\n\n- that you\u2019re familiar with the early years foundation stage (EYFS) requirements and know how to put them into practice\n\n- your level of English\n\nYou will not usually get a registration visit if you\u2019re only looking after children aged over 5.\n\nFind out how to prepare for your registration visit.\n\n## If your application is approved\n\nYou\u2019ll get a certificate of registration if your application is approved. You will need this to start work as a childminder.\n\nOfsted will publish your unique reference number (\u2018URN\u2019) and inspection reports online. If you\u2019re a childminder they will also publish your name and address - unless you tell them not to.\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nOfsted will send you a letter called a \u2018notice of intention\u2019 which will tell you why you\u2019ve been turned down.\n\nYou\u2019ll be disqualified from applying again in future.\n\n## Object to a decision\n\nYou can object to a decision if you\u2019ve been sent a \u2018notice of intention\u2019.\n\nYou must object within 14 days of the date on the notice.\n\nOfsted will consider your objection, then tell you if:\n\n- you\u2019re still refused registration\n\n- you cannot look after children in a particular home\n\n- your decision is overturned\n\nIf you do not object, or Ofsted does not change its decision, you\u2019ll get a second letter called a \u2018notice of decision\u2019. This is the final decision to refuse registration or approval of a certain premises.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nIf you disagree with Ofsted\u2019s final decision, you can appeal to an independent tribunal.\n\nYou must appeal within 3 months of the date that you\u2019re sent the notice of decision.\n\n## After you're registered\n\nYou must continue to meet the registration standards while you\u2019re working as a childminder or nanny.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- pay the annual registration fee\n\n- keep your details up to date\n\n- report any major accidents or incidents\n\nOfsted will inspect childminders and some nannies.\n\n## Keep your details up to date\n\nYou must tell Ofsted if:\n\n- you change where you\u2019re working\n\n- your contact details change\n\n- you stop working as a childminder or nanny\n\n## If you\u2019re a childminder\n\nYou must tell Ofsted if:\n\n- anyone 16 or over moves into your home or leaves your home\n\n- your childminding assistants change\n\n## Reporting accidents and incidents\n\nUse the early years incident online form to report:\n\n- a serious accident, injury or illness to a child, for example food poisoning\n\n- allegations that someone living, working or looking after children in your household has committed serious harm or abuse\n\n- anything that might affect the suitability of someone on the premises to look after children\n\n- a child\u2019s death\n\n## Providing other types of childcare\n\nIf you\u2019re a childminder, you can apply to set up childcare on non-domestic premises (for example, a playgroup or after-school club). You can work here for up to half of your time.\n\nIf you want to work with 3 or more childminders or childminding assistants in your home, you\u2019ll need to register as a daycare organisation (this is known as \u2018providing childcare on domestic premises\u2019).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-childminder-nanny", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 24 years old, divorced and live in England. I have an application in process to register as as childminder, have public liability insurance and have already passed my childcare training and full DBS Check.", + "original_question": "If my application is approved, can I prevent Ofsted from publishing my address?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1557", + "question": "Scenario: I live in Wales, and also own a small cottage close to my residence. I let this property out to tourists during the \"summer\" months (May to September, 153 days in total), although due to the pandemic occupancy was very low (10 days!) over the previous financial year (2020).\n\nQuestion: Am I expected to pay business rates on my rental property, given the very low occupancy?\n\nDocument - Business rates:\n## Overview\n\nBusiness rates are charged on most non-domestic properties, like:\n\n- shops\n\n- offices\n\n- pubs\n\n- warehouses\n\n- factories\n\n- holiday rental homes or guest houses\n\nYou\u2019ll probably have to pay business rates if you use a building or part of a building for non-domestic purposes.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What to pay and when\n\nYour local council will send you a business rates bill in February or March each year. This is for the following tax year. You can also estimate your business rates bill.\n\nYou can get help with business rates from:\n\n- your council if you have questions about your bill\n\n- the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you think your \u2018rateable value\u2019 is wrong\n\n## Relief schemes\n\nYou may be able to get business rates relief from your local council to reduce your bill. This is sometimes automatic, but you may need to apply.\n\nThe process depends on whether you\u2019re in England or Wales.\n\n## Who does not need to pay\n\nCertain properties are exempt from business rates, for example farm buildings or places used for the welfare of disabled people.\n\n## If you own a stable\n\nYou usually need to pay business rates on your stables, unless you use your horses for farming.\n\nYou may pay Council Tax instead if your stables are in your garden. Contact VOA to check if you\u2019re not sure which you should pay.\n\n## How your rates are calculated\n\nBusiness rates are worked out based on your property\u2019s \u2018rateable value\u2019.\n\nThis is its open market rental value on 1 April 2015, based on an estimate by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\nYou can estimate your business rates by multiplying the rateable value by the correct \u2018multiplier\u2019 (an amount set by central government).\n\nYour bill will be reduced if your property\u2019s eligible for business rates relief.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you think your rates are wrong\n\nYou can ask for your property\u2019s rateable value to be corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to provide rental information\n\nThe VOA may ask you to provide rental information about your property so they can work out its rateable value.\n\nContact the VOA if you need more time to send in your rental information.\n\n## Revaluation\n\nAt revaluation, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) adjusts the rateable value of business properties to reflect changes in the property market.\n\nIt usually happens every 5 years. The most recent revaluation came into effect in England and Wales on 1 April 2017, based on rateable values from 1 April 2015.\n\nYou can check your valuation when you estimate your business rates.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What happens at revaluation\n\nAt revaluation:\n\n- all properties are given a new rateable value\n\n- multipliers are revised\n\nThis means that a change in your rateable value does not always mean a change in your bill.\n\nTo make sure your valuations are accurate, you may need to give VOA up-to-date rental evidence for your property at revaluation.\n\n## Get business rates relief\n\nYou may be able to get a discount from your local council if you\u2019re eligible for business rates relief.\n\nFor example you may be able to get:\n\n- transitional relief so that changes to your bill as a result of revaluation are phased in gradually\n\n- small business relief so that you pay no business rates if your rateable value is below \u00a315,000\n\n## Get help with business rates\n\nYou may be able to get a discount from your local council on your business rates if you\u2019re eligible for one or more business rates relief schemes.\n\nFor help with your property\u2019s rateable value, contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\nFor help with your business rates bill (for example to pay in instalments) or rate relief, contact your council.\n\n## Get professional advice\n\nYou can also get help from a qualified rating surveyor through one of the following organisations:\n\n- Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS)\n\n- Institute of Revenues, Rating and Valuation (IRRV)\n\n- Rating Surveyors Association\n\nYou may be charged for any advice you get from a rating surveyor right from the start.\n\nYou can call the RICS enquiry line for advice. The first 30 minutes are free.\n\n## If your business or premises change\n\nYour business rates could change if:\n\n- you move or make changes to your premises\n\n- the nature of your business changes\n\n- you sublet part of your property\n\n- you merge 2 or more properties into 1\n\nYou must report any changes to ensure you\u2019re paying the right amount and do not get a backdated increase in your bill.\n\nReport changes using the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) service in England or Wales.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\n## If your premises are affected by local disruption\n\nYou may get a temporary reduction in your business rates if your premises are affected by severe local disruption (like flooding, building or roadworks).\n\nReport changes using the VOA service.\n\n## Working at home\n\nYou do not usually have to pay business rates for home-based businesses if you:\n\n- use a small part of your home for your business, for example if you use a bedroom as an office\n\n- sell goods by post\n\nYou may need to pay business rates as well as Council Tax if:\n\n- your property is part business and part domestic, for example if you live above your shop\n\n- you sell goods or services to people who visit your property\n\n- you employ other people to work at your property\n\n- you\u2019ve made changes to your home for your business, for example converted a garage to a hairdresser\u2019s\n\nContact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) to find out if you should be paying business rates. In Scotland, contact your local assessor.\n\n## Pubs and licensed trade\n\nIn England and Wales, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) works out your rateable value based on the annual level of trade (excluding VAT) that a pub is expected to achieve if operated in a reasonably efficient way.\n\nThis is called \u2018fair maintainable trade\u2019 and it\u2019s based on:\n\n- the type of pub or licensed premises\n\n- the area it\u2019s in\n\n- the services it offers, for example food, gaming, or sports screenings\n\nThe VOA also looks at rents and turnovers to work out the fair maintainable trade figure, then applies a percentage to work out the rateable value.\n\nThe percentages are agreed with the British Beer and Pub Association and they\u2019re in the VOA\u2019s pub guide.\n\nYou can read more about how the VOA values pubs and other licensed premises for business rates.\n\nContact the VOA if you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used.\n\nYou can also find and check your business rates valuation online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide details of turnover (excluding VAT) for all sources, such as liquor, food and gaming.\n\nYou can also use the online contact VOA service.\n\n## Scotland\n\nIn Scotland, your local assessor works out your rateable value.\n\nIf you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used, contact your local assessor.\n\n## Self-catering and holiday let accommodation\n\nIf your property is in England and available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year, it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates.\n\nIf your property is in Wales it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates if it\u2019s both:\n\n- available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year\n\n- actually let for 70 days\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland.\n\nThe Valuation Office will work out the rateable value of your property based on its type, size, location, quality and how much income you\u2019re likely to make from letting it.\n\nIf you only let one property and its rateable value is less than \u00a315,000 you may be eligible for small business rate relief.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in Wales, and also own a small cottage close to my residence. I let this property out to tourists during the \"summer\" months (May to September, 153 days in total), although due to the pandemic occupancy was very low (10 days!) over the previous financial year (2020).", + "original_question": "Am I expected to pay business rates on my rental property, given the very low occupancy?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1558", + "question": "Scenario: I am the owner of a greengrocers with a head office and chain of stores in Great Britain. We import many of our tomatoes from Guernsey in the Channel Islands, where we have a registered office.\n\nQuestion: Do we need an EORI number to move our produce through customs?\n\nDocument - Get an EORI number:\n## Who needs an EORI\n\nYou may need an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) if you move goods:\n\n- between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or the Isle of Man and any other country (including the EU)\n\n- between Great Britain and Northern Ireland\n\n- between Great Britain and the Channel Islands\n\n- between Northern Ireland and countries outside the EU\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nTo get an EORI number, your business usually needs to have premises based in the country you want to import to or export from - this is called \u2018being established\u2019. Your premises will need to be either a:\n\n- registered office\n\n- central headquarters\n\n- permanent business establishment - premises where some of your customs-related activities are taking place and your HR and technical resources are permanently located\n\nYou do not need an EORI number if you\u2019re moving goods for personal use only.\n\n## If your business is not based in the country you\u2019re moving goods to or from\n\nYou should still get an EORI number if you\u2019re:\n\n- making a customs declaration - check if you\u2019re eligible to make a customs declaration\n\n- making an entry summary declaration\n\n- making an exit summary declaration\n\n- making a temporary storage declaration\n\n- making a customs declaration for temporary admission or re-export declaration where you have a guarantee\n\n- acting as a carrier for transporting goods by sea, inland waterway or air\n\n- acting as a carrier connected to the customs system and you want to get notifications regarding the lodging or amendment of entry summary declarations\n\n- established in a common transit country where the declaration is lodged instead of an entry summary declaration or is used as a pre-departure declaration\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible to apply for an EORI number yourself, you\u2019ll need to appoint someone to deal with customs on your behalf. The person you appoint will need to get the EORI number instead of you.\n\nIf you\u2019re based in the Channel Islands and you move goods to or from the UK, you do not need an EORI number. You\u2019ll need an EORI number if you use HMRC\u2019s customs systems like Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF).\n\n## When you\u2019ll need your EORI number\n\nYou\u2019ll need your EORI number if you:\n\n- appoint someone to deal with customs for you and are \u2018established\u2019 in the country you\u2019re importing to or exporting from\n\n- make customs declarations\n\n- use customs systems, such as the CHIEF system\nand the Import Control System Northern Ireland (ICS NI)\n\n- apply for a customs decision\n\n## Check which EORI number you need\n\nWhich type of EORI number you need and where you get it from depends on where you\u2019re moving goods to and from. You may need more than one.\n\nIf you do not have the right EORI number, you may have delays at customs and increased costs, for example your goods may have to be stored until you get an EORI.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving goods to or from Great Britain\n\nIf you move goods to or from Great Britain you must get an EORI number that starts with GB. If you already have an EORI number and it does not start with GB, you must apply for a GB EORI number.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving goods to or from Northern Ireland\n\nYou may also need an EORI number starting with XI if you move goods to or from Northern Ireland.\n\nYou do not need an EORI number starting with XI if you already have an EORI number from an EU country.\n\n## If your business will be making declarations or getting a customs decision in the EU\n\nYou may need an EU EORI number from an EU country. Contact the customs authority in an EU country to get an EORI number. You do not need an EORI number from an EU country if you already have an EORI number starting with XI.\n\n## If you move goods to or from Northern Ireland\n\nYou must have an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) that starts with XI if you:\n\n- move goods into Northern Ireland from Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales)\n\n- move goods from Northern Ireland to another non-EU country\n\n- make a declaration in Northern Ireland\n\n- apply for a customs decision in Northern Ireland\n\nYou only need to declare certain goods you move from Northern Ireland to Great Britain. Check if you need to make an export declaration and will need an EORI number that starts with XI.\n\nOnly people or organisations based in Northern Ireland or the EU can be named as the \u2018declarant\u2019 on import and export declarations made in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou do not need an EORI number if you only move goods on the island of Ireland or between an EU country and Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you already have an EU EORI number you do not need to apply for an XI EORI number.\n\nFind out how to apply for an XI EORI number.\n\n## Get help and advice if you move goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland\n\nSign up for the Trader Support Service to get advice on EORI numbers and moving goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland.\n\nFind more guidance on moving goods to and from Northern Ireland.\n\n## Apply for an EORI number\n\n## Apply for an EORI number that starts with GB\n\nTo apply for an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) you need your:\n\n- Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - find your UTR if you do not know it\n\n- business start date and Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code - these are in the Companies House register\n\n- Government Gateway user ID and password\n\n- VAT number and effective date of registration (if you\u2019re VAT registered) - these are on your VAT registration certificate\n\n- National Insurance number - if you\u2019re an individual or a sole trader\n\nIf you do not already have a Government Gateway user ID, you\u2019ll be able to create one when you apply.\n\nApply for a GB EORI number\n\nYou\u2019ll get your GB EORI number immediately unless HMRC needs to make any checks on your application. If they do, it can take up to 5 working days.\n\n## Apply for an EORI number that starts with XI\n\nBefore you apply, check you\u2019re eligible for an XI EORI number.\n\nYou must have applied for a GB EORI number before you can get an XI EORI number.\n\nOnce you have your GB EORI number then fill in an enquiry form, making sure you:\n\n- tick the box to say you will be trading with Northern Ireland or are based in Northern Ireland\n\n- tick the box saying your enquiry is a \u201cQuery regarding a current EORI number application\u201d\n\nYou\u2019ll get your XI EORI within 4 days.\n\n## Get help with an EORI number\n\nYou can check the status of an application you have already made.\n\nFill in an enquiry form if you have forgotten your EORI number, your details have changed or you have a question about your application.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/eori", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the owner of a greengrocers with a head office and chain of stores in Great Britain. We import many of our tomatoes from Guernsey in the Channel Islands, where we have a registered office.", + "original_question": "Do we need an EORI number to move our produce through customs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1559", + "question": "Scenario: I own and run a small bookshop, which has two other employees. The shop is currently being remodelled to add a small caf\u00e9 to the premises, and I have prepared a basic HACCP plan for the handling of the food and drink.\n\nQuestion: Is it necessary for my employees to undergo formal, accredited training in food hygiene?\n\nDocument - Food safety - your responsibilities:\n## Food safety\n\nIf your business deals in food you must:\n\n- make sure food is safe to eat\n\n- make sure you don\u2019t add, remove or treat food in a way that makes it harmful to eat\n\n- make sure the food is the same quality that you say it is\n\n- make sure you don\u2019t mislead people by the way food is labelled, advertised or marketed\n\n- keep records on where you got food from and show this information on demand - known as \u2018traceability\u2019 (PDF, 90KB)\n\n- withdraw unsafe food and complete an incident report\n\n- tell people why food has been withdrawn or recalled, for example by using a leaflet or poster\n\n- display your food hygiene rating (if you sell food direct to the public)\n\n## Food additives\n\nIf you use an additive in food you must:\n\n- only use an approved additive\n\n- only use it if it is approved for use in that food\n\nThe food additive must not exceed the maximum permitted level.\n\n## Food hygiene\n\nPart of complying with food safety is managing food hygiene.\n\n## Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan\n\nYou usually have to write a plan based on the HACCP principles if you run a food business. This keeps your food safe from biological, chemical and physical safety hazards.\n\n## Food contact materials\n\nMaterials and packaging that can be reasonably expected to come into contact with food are called \u2018food contact materials\u2019. These can include:\n\n- packaging\n\n- food processing equipment\n\n- cookware\n\n- work surfaces\n\n## To keep food safe for consumption:\n\n- make sure food contact materials don\u2019t transfer anything to food they touch\n\n- make sure food contact materials don\u2019t change the food they touch\n\n- when inspected, be able to show where the food contact materials came from\n\n## Bacteria and food poisoning\n\nTo keep food safe from bacteria, you should follow HACCP. Bacteria that cause serious health problems are:\n\n- E.coli O157 and campylobacter\n\n- salmonella, especially with the storage and handling of eggs\n\n## Food hygiene training\n\nEmployers are responsible for staff hygiene training. It can be either a formal programme or informal training, such as on the job training or self study.\n\n## Food allergies\n\nIf you are a food retailer or caterer you need to manage food allergies when preparing and selling food.\n\n## Food inspections\n\nYou can be inspected by your local council at any point in the food production and distribution process. All inspectors must follow the Food Law Code of Practice. Usually, you won\u2019t be told an inspection is going to happen.\n\nHow often you\u2019re inspected depends on the risk your business poses to public health. You might not be inspected as often if you\u2019re a member of a recognised assurance scheme. You can search for a registered assurance scheme online.\n\nIf you\u2019re a food retailer or caterer you will be inspected on a more regular basis to make sure you comply with food safety laws.\n\nYour premises, food, records and procedures can be inspected. Food samples can be taken as well as photographed.\n\nFind your local council enforcement officers.\n\n## After the inspection\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter confirming any improvements you need to make and by when. Usually, you\u2019re responsible for confirming these\nimprovements have been made.\n\nFor serious food safety problems you may be sent a \u2018notice\u2019. The notice can include banning you from using certain equipment or processes until improvements have been made. Your business will be revisited to make sure you have followed the improvements in the notice. Example notices include a:\n\n- Hygiene Improvement Notice\n\n- Hygiene Emergency Prohibition Notices - banning you from using certain equipment or following certain processes\n\n## Appeals\n\nYour letter or notice should tell you how you can appeal a decision by an inspector.\n\n## Report a food safety incident\n\nYou must tell the Food Standards Agency (FSA) if you think any food your business:\n\n- has sold is unsafe\n\n- has is unsafe\n\nThe FSA will tell you if the food must be withdrawn and customers asked to return it.\n\nSubmit a food safety incident report.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-safety-your-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own and run a small bookshop, which has two other employees. The shop is currently being remodelled to add a small caf\u00e9 to the premises, and I have prepared a basic HACCP plan for the handling of the food and drink.", + "original_question": "Is it necessary for my employees to undergo formal, accredited training in food hygiene?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1561", + "question": "Scenario: I am the chief executive of a small, Oxford-based charity in which provides volunteer hospice care for the elderly and terminally ill. We are registered with the Charity Commission and have a letter of recognition from HMRC. Almost all of our income is from donations; however, we also receive some bank interest on accumulated funds.\n\nQuestion: Can we claim back the tax which the bank has deducted from our interest payments?\n\nDocument - Charities and tax:\n## Overview\n\nAs a charity you can get certain tax reliefs. To benefit you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nCharities do not pay tax on most types of income as long as they use the money for charitable purposes.\n\nYou can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on bank interest and donations (this is known as Gift Aid).\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## When you need to pay tax\n\nYour charity may need to pay tax if you\u2019ve:\n\n- received income that does not qualify for tax relief\n\n- spent any of your income on non-charitable purposes\n\nYou need to complete a tax return if your charity has tax to pay.\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) get different tax reliefs.\n\n## Tax reliefs for charities\n\nAs a charity you do not pay tax on most of your income and gains if you use it for charitable purposes - this is known as \u2018charitable expenditure\u2019.\n\nThis includes tax:\n\n- on donations\n\n- on profits from trading\n\n- on rental or investment income, for example bank interest\n\n- on profits when you sell or \u2018dispose of\u2019 an asset, like property or shares\n\n- when you buy property\n\nTo get tax relief you must be recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) get different tax reliefs.\n\n## When you do pay tax\n\nCharities pay tax on:\n\n- dividends received from UK companies before 6 April 2016\n\n- profits from developing land or property\n\n- purchases - but there are special VAT rules for charities\n\nCharities pay business rates on non-domestic buildings, but they get an 80% discount.\n\nYou must pay tax on any money you do not use for charitable purposes. This is known as \u2018non-charitable expenditure\u2019.\n\n## Pay tax\n\nYou must complete a tax return if your charity needs to pay tax or if HMRC asks you to.\n\n## Reclaim tax\n\nYou can claim back tax that\u2019s been deducted, for example on:\n\n- donations (this is known as Gift Aid)\n\n- bank interest\n\n## Get recognition for tax purposes\n\nTo get tax relief your charity must be:\n\n- based in the UK, EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein or Norway\n\n- established for charitable purposes only\n\n- registered with the Charity Commission or another regulator, if this applies to you\n\n- run by \u2018fit and proper persons\u2019\n\n- recognised by HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n## Apply for recognition\n\nRegister your charity\u2019s details using HMRC\u2019s online service.\n\n## Reclaim tax\n\nIf you receive income with tax deducted, for example donations you can claim Gift Aid on, you can claim it back:\n\n- online, using the Charities Online service\n\n- through software that works with Charities Online\n\n- by post, using form ChR1 - call the helpline to order it\n\n## Bank interest\n\nYou can arrange to receive interest without tax deducted. Show your bank your letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nIf tax has already been taken from your interest you can claim it back for:\n\n- the current tax year by asking your bank\n\n- previous tax years by claiming it from HMRC\n\n## Pay tax\n\nIf your charity has income that does not qualify for tax relief you must complete a tax return.\n\nIf you have no tax to pay, complete a tax return only if HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) asks you to.\n\nIf your charity\u2019s income is over \u00a310,000 you must submit an annual return to the Charity Commission.\n\n## Company Tax Returns\n\nComplete a Company Tax Return if your charity is a limited company or unincorporated association. Include the supplementary pages for charities and community amateur sports clubs (CASCs).\n\nA charity is a limited company if it was set up by a:\n\n- constitution\n\n- memorandum and articles of association\n\n- royal charter or Act of Parliament\n\nLimited companies must also send annual accounts to Companies House.\n\n## Trusts\n\nComplete a Trust and Estate Self Assessment tax return if your charity is a trust. A charity is a trust if it was set up by a trust deed or will.\n\n## Penalties and deadlines\n\nYou must complete a tax return when HMRC asks you to, even if no tax is due.\n\nYou may have to pay a penalty if your tax return is late or you do not complete one when you should.\n\nThe deadline depends on whether you complete a Company Tax Return or a Self Assessment tax return.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/charities-and-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the chief executive of a small, Oxford-based charity in which provides volunteer hospice care for the elderly and terminally ill. We are registered with the Charity Commission and have a letter of recognition from HMRC. Almost all of our income is from donations; however, we also receive some bank interest on accumulated funds.", + "original_question": "Can we claim back the tax which the bank has deducted from our interest payments?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1563", + "question": "Scenario: I own and operate a small gift/souvenir shop based in a large country park which is open to the public. We wish to start selling home-produced preserves and organic honey to our customers.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to list all ingredients with their weights and percentages on the food labels?\n\nDocument - Food labelling and packaging:\n## Overview\n\nTo sell food and drink products, the label must be:\n\n- clear and easy to read\n\n- permanent\n\n- easy to understand\n\n- easily visible\n\n- not misleading\n\nYou must show certain basic information and list the ingredients. You might also have to show certain warnings.\n\nThere are special regulations for labelling wine.\n\n## Products sold loose or in catering businesses\n\nIf you run a catering business, you sell food loose or package it for sale in your shop, you only need to show:\n\n- the name of the food\n\n- if any of the ingredients have been irradiated, or have come from genetically modified sources\n\n- certain warnings\n\n- any food additive you have added\n\n- allergen information\n\nYou must show more information if you sell meat products loose.\n\n## Packaging\n\nIf you package food yourself, you must use packaging that\u2019s suitable for food use. Suitable packaging is marked \u2018for food contact\u2019 or has a symbol on it that looks like a wine glass and a fork.\n\nThere are special rules for using plastics, ceramics or cellophane for packaging. You must have written evidence that you\u2019ve kept to them.\n\nThis is known as a \u2018declaration of compliance\u2019 and you can get it from your packaging supplier. You also have to get one if you buy food that\u2019s already packaged for sale in any of those materials.\n\nRead the national legislation on food contact materials for England, Northern Ireland, Wales or Scotland.\n\n## Food assurance schemes\n\nYou could also join voluntary food assurance schemes such as Red Tractor or Lion Eggs. These schemes let customers know food has been produced to certain standards, for example on food safety or animal welfare.\n\n## Food labelling - what you must show\n\nYou must show the following information:\n\n- the name of the food\n\n- a \u2018best before\u2019 or \u2018use by\u2019 date\n\n- any necessary warnings\n\n- net quantity information\n\n- a list of ingredients (if there is more than 1)\n\n- the country or place of origin, if required\n\n- the lot number or use-by date\n\n- any special storage conditions\n\n- instructions for use or cooking, if necessary\n\nIf you\u2019re selling food in Great Britain (England, Wales and Scotland), you must also include the name and address of the UK or EU business responsible for the information on the food. If the business is not in the UK or EU, you must include the name and address of the importer.\n\nIf you\u2019re selling food in Northern Ireland, you must include the name and address of the Northern Irish or EU business responsible for the information on the food. If the business is not in Northern Ireland or the EU, you must include the name and address of the importer.\n\nCheck if there are other food labelling standards you must follow.\n\n## Quantity information\n\nYou must put the net quantity in grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres on the label of:\n\n- packaged food over 5g or 5ml\n\n- packaged herbs and spices\n\nSolid foods packed in a liquid (or an ice glaze) must show the drained net weight.\n\nThe net quantity must be close enough to the name of the food that you can see all this information at the same time. This also applies to the alcoholic strength for alcoholic drinks.\n\nYou do not have to show the weight or volume on foods sold by number, for example 2 bread rolls, provided that you can clearly see the number of items inside the packaging.\n\nRead more guidance on quantity labelling.\n\n## Information you may have to show\n\nYou must also show these if they apply to your product:\n\n- a warning for drinks with an alcohol content above 1.2%\n\n- a warning if the product contains GM ingredients, unless their presence is accidental and 0.9% or less\n\n- a warning if the product has been irradiated\n\n- the words \u2018packaged in a protective atmosphere\u2019 if the food is packaged using a packaging gas\n\n## Country or place of origin\n\nYou must show the country or place of origin for:\n\n- beef, veal, lamb, mutton, pork, goat and poultry\n\n- fish and shellfish\n\n- honey\n\n- olive oil\n\n- wine\n\n- fruit and vegetables\n\nYou can label certain food from EU countries and Northern Ireland as \u2018origin EU\u2019. Food from and sold in Great Britain can be labelled as \u2018origin EU\u2019 until 30 September 2022. Check the rules for when to label meat, fish and shellfish with their country of origin.\n\nYou must also show the country of origin if customers might be misled without this information, for example if the label for a pizza shows the leaning tower of Pisa but the pizza is made in the UK.\n\nIf the primary ingredient in the food comes from somewhere different from where the product says it was made, the label must show this. For example, a pork pie labelled \u2018British\u2019 that\u2019s produced in the UK with pork from Denmark, must state \u2018with pork from Denmark\u2019 or \u2018made with pork from outside the UK\u2019.\n\n## Special rules for some products\n\nThere are special rules about what you have to show on the label if you supply any of the following:\n\n- bottled water\n\n- bread and flour\n\n- cocoa and chocolate products\n\n- fats and oils\n\n- fish\n\n- fruit juices and nectars\n\n- honey\n\n- jams and preserves\n\n- meat and meat products\n\n- milk and milk products\n\n- soluble coffee\n\n- sugar\n\n## Ingredients list\n\nIf your food or drink product has 2 or more ingredients (including any additives), you must list them all. Ingredients must be listed in order of weight, with the main ingredient first.\n\n## Ingredient quantities\n\nYou also have to show the percentage of an ingredient if it is:\n\n- highlighted by the labelling or a picture on a package, for example \u2018extra cheese\u2019\n\n- mentioned in the name of the product, for example \u2018cheese and onion pasty\u2019\n\n- normally connected with the name by the consumer, for example fruit in a summer pudding\n\n## Allergens\n\nYou must highlight allergens on the label using a different font, style or background colour. You must also list them in the ingredients.\n\nThe allergens you need to highlight and list are:\n\n- celery\n\n- cereals containing gluten - including wheat, rye, barley and oats\n\n- crustaceans - including prawns, crab and lobster\n\n- eggs\n\n- fish\n\n- lupin\n\n- milk\n\n- molluscs - including squid, mussels, cockles, whelks and snails\n\n- mustard\n\n- nuts\n\n- peanuts\n\n- sesame seeds\n\n- soya beans\n\n- sulphur dioxide or sulphites at levels above 10mg per kilogram or per litre\n\n## Food and drink warnings\n\nYou must show an appropriate warning on the label if your food contains certain ingredients.\n\n| Ingredient | Wording you must use |\n\n| Allura red (E129) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Aspartame | \u2018Contains a source of phenylalanine\u2019 |\n\n| Caffeine over 150 mg/l | \u2018Not suitable for children, pregnant women and persons sensitive to caffeine\u2019 |\n\n| Carmoisine (E122) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Liquorice | \u2018Contains liquorice\u2019 (you may need extra wording for confectionery or alcohol containing liquorice) |\n\n| Polyols | \u2018Excessive consumption may cause a laxative effect\u2019 |\n\n| Ponceau 4R (E124) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Quinoline yellow (E104) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Raw milk | \u2018This milk has not been heat-treated and may therefore contain organisms harmful to health\u2019 |\n\n| Skimmed milk with non-milk fat | There\u2019s no fixed wording, but you must show a warning that the product is unfit or not to be used for babies. |\n\n| Sulphur dioxide over 10mg/l | \u2018Contains sulphur dioxide (or sulphites/sulfites)\u2019 |\n\n| Sunset yellow (E110) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n| Sweeteners | \u2018With sweetener(s)\u2019 |\n\n| Sweeteners and sugar | \u2018With sugar and sweetener(s)\u2019 |\n\n| Tartrazine (E102) | \u2018May have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children\u2019 |\n\n## Nutrition, health claims and supplement labelling\n\n## Nutrition labelling\n\nYou must follow nutrition labelling information rules for all pre-packed products unless both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a small business with under 10 employees and a turnover of less than \u00a31.4 million\n\n- you supply either direct to consumers or to local retailers - local means within your county, your neighbouring county, or up to 30 miles from your county boundary\n\n## Nutrition and health claims\n\nYou have to follow certain rules if you want to make a nutrition claim (for example, low fat) or a health claim (for example, calcium helps maintain normal bones).\n\nYou cannot claim or imply that food can treat, prevent or cure any disease or medical condition.\n\n## Food supplements, fortified foods and foods for specific nutritional uses\n\nYou must follow certain rules if you are manufacturing, selling or importing:\n\n- a food supplement\n\n- a food fortified with vitamins and minerals\n\nThere are also specific rules for \u2018parnuts foods\u2019, for example:\n\n- formula milk for infants and young children\n\n- baby food\n\n- meal and total diet replacement for weight control\n\n- medical foods\n\nYou must tell the Department for Health if you want to sell infant formula or medical food in the UK.\n\n## Organic food\n\nIf you\u2019re a retailer, you can label products \u2018organic\u2019 as long as:\n\n- at least 95% of the farm-grown ingredients are organic\n\n- you sell direct to customers in your shop\n\n## Organic certification\n\nYou must be certified by one of the organic control bodies if you produce or prepare organic food and you want to sell or label it as organic.\n\nYou can decide which body to register with based on your location and needs.\n\nOnce registered you\u2019ll have to:\n\n- follow a strict set of guidelines laid down by national and international law\n\n- keep thorough and accurate records of production processes\n\n- allow annual and random inspections\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to follow the rules for labelling organic products.\n\nYou can check how food labelling rules are enforced.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-labelling-and-packaging", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own and operate a small gift/souvenir shop based in a large country park which is open to the public. We wish to start selling home-produced preserves and organic honey to our customers.", + "original_question": "Do I need to list all ingredients with their weights and percentages on the food labels?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1564", + "question": "Scenario: I am the owner and a director of a limited company which designs bespoke headstones and other memorials for relatives of the deceased. We recently acquired a new zero-emission people carrier, which is used both by our sales representatives when visiting clients and also for the delivery of some of our smaller products.\n\nQuestion: Can the cost of this vehicle be claimed against our Annual Investment Allowance?\n\nDocument - Claim capital allowances:\n## Overview\n\nYou can claim capital allowances when you buy assets that you keep to use in your business, for example:\n\n- equipment\n\n- machinery\n\n- business vehicles, for example cars, vans or lorries\n\nThese are known as plant and machinery.\n\nYou can deduct some or all of the value of the item from your profits before you pay tax.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and have an income of \u00a3150,000 or less a year, you may be able to use a simpler system called cash basis instead.\n\n## Work out the value of your item\n\nIn most cases, the value is what you paid for the item. Use the market value (the amount you\u2019d expect to sell it for) instead if:\n\n- you owned it before you started using it in your business\n\n- it was a gift\n\n## Other business costs\n\nYou claim for the cost of things that are not business assets in a different way. This includes:\n\n- your business\u2019s day-to-day running costs\n\n- items that it\u2019s your trade to buy and sell\n\n- interest payments or finance costs for buying assets\n\nClaim these costs as business expenses if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner, or deduct from your profits as a business cost if you\u2019re a limited company.\n\n## Other capital allowances\n\nAs well as plant and machinery, you can also claim capital allowances for:\n\n- renovating business premises in disadvantaged areas of the UK\n\n- extracting minerals\n\n- research and development\n\n- \u2018know-how\u2019 (intellectual property about industrial techniques)\n\n- patents\n\n- dredging\n\n- structure and buildings\n\n## If you let out residential property\n\nYou can only claim for items in residential property if your business qualifies as a furnished holiday lettings business. In each year the property must be:\n\n- available for holiday letting for 210 days\n\n- let for 105 days or more\n\n## What you can claim on\n\nYou can claim capital allowances on items that you keep to use in your business - these are known as \u2018plant and machinery\u2019.\n\nIn most cases you can deduct the full cost of these items from your profits before tax using annual investment allowance (AIA).\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and have an income of \u00a3150,000 or less a year, you may be able to use a simpler system called cash basis instead.\n\n## What does not count as plant and machinery\n\nYou cannot claim capital allowances on:\n\n- things you lease - you must own them\n\n- buildings, including doors, gates, shutters, mains water and gas systems\n\n- land and structures, for example bridges, roads, docks\n\n- items used only for business entertainment, for example a yacht or karaoke machine\n\n## What counts as plant and machinery\n\nPlant and machinery includes:\n\n- items that you keep to use in your business, including cars\n\n- costs of demolishing plant and machinery\n\n- parts of a building considered integral, known as \u2018integral features\u2019\n\n- some fixtures, for example fitted kitchens or bathroom suites\n\n- alterations to a building to install other plant and machinery - this does not include repairs\n\nClaim repairs as business expenses if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner - deduct from your profits as a business cost if you\u2019re a limited company.\n\n## Integral features\n\nIntegral features are:\n\n- lifts, escalators and moving walkways\n\n- space and water heating systems\n\n- air-conditioning and air cooling systems\n\n- hot and cold water systems (but not toilet and kitchen facilities)\n\n- electrical systems, including lighting systems\n\n- external solar shading\n\n## Fixtures\n\nYou can claim for fixtures, for example:\n\n- fitted kitchens\n\n- bathroom suites\n\n- fire alarm and CCTV systems\n\nYou can claim if you rent or own the building, but only the person who bought the item can claim.\n\nWhen you buy a building from a previous business owner you can only claim for integral features and fixtures that they claimed for.\n\nYou must agree the value of the fixtures with the seller. If you do not you cannot claim for them. Agreeing the value also means the person selling the assets can account correctly for them.\n\n## If you let residential property\n\nYou can only claim for items in residential property if either:\n\n- you run a furnished holiday lettings business\n\n- the item is in the common parts of a residential building, for example a table in the hallway of a block of flats\n\n## Care workers\n\nThere are special rules if you run a care business.\n\n## Annual investment allowance\n\nYou can deduct the full value of an item that qualifies for annual investment allowance (AIA) from your profits before tax.\n\nIf you sell the item after claiming AIA you may need to pay tax.\n\n## What you can claim on\n\nYou can claim AIA on most plant and machinery up to the AIA amount.\n\n## What you cannot claim on\n\nYou cannot claim AIA on:\n\n- cars\n\n- items you owned for another reason before you started using them in your business\n\n- items given to you or your business\n\nClaim writing down allowances instead.\n\n## The AIA amount\n\nThe AIA amount has temporarily increased to \u00a31 million between 1 January 2019 and 31 December 2020.\n\n## Changes to the AIA\n\nThe\u00a0AIA\u00a0amount has changed several times since April 2008.\n\nIf the AIA changed in the period you\u2019re claiming for, you need to adjust the amount you can claim.\n\n| AIA | Sole traders/partners | Limited companies |\n\n| 1 million | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020 | 1 January 2019 - 31 December 2020 |\n\n| \u00a3200,000 | 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2018 | 1 January 2016 - 31 December 2018 |\n\n| \u00a3500,000 | 6 April 2014 - 31 December 2015 | 1 April 2014 - 31 December 2015 |\n\n| \u00a3250,000 | 1 January 2013 - 5 April 2014 | 1 January 2013 - 31 March 2014 |\n\n| \u00a325,000 | 6 April 2012 - 31 December 2012 | 1 April 2012 - 31 December 2012 |\n\n| \u00a3100,000 | 6 April 2010 - 5 April 2012 | 1 April 2010 - 31 March 2012 |\n\n| \u00a350,000 | 6 April 2008 - 5 April 2010 | 1 April 2008 - 31 March 2010 |\n\nYou get a new allowance for each accounting period.\n\n## If your accounting period is more or less than 12 months\n\nAdjust your AIA if your accounting period is more or less than 12 months.\n\nThe rules are different if your accounting period is longer than 18 months or you have a gap or overlap between accounting periods.\n\n## When you can claim\n\nYou can only claim AIA in the period you bought the item.\n\nThe date you bought it is:\n\n- when you signed the contract, if payment is due within less than 4 months\n\n- when payment\u2019s due, if it\u2019s due more than 4 months later\n\nIf you buy something under a hire purchase contract you can claim for the payments you have not made yet when you start using the item. You cannot claim on the interest payments.\n\nIf your business closes, you cannot claim AIA for items bought in the final accounting period.\n\n## If you do not want to claim the full cost\n\nIf you do not want to claim the full cost, for example you have low profits, you can claim:\n\n- writing down allowances instead\n\n- part of the cost as AIA and part as writing down allowances\n\n## Items you also use outside your business\n\nYou cannot claim the full value of items you also use outside your business if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner. Reduce the capital allowances you claim by the amount you use the asset outside your business.\n\n## If you spend more than the AIA amount\n\nClaim writing down allowances on any amount above the AIA. If a single item takes you above the AIA amount you can split the value between the types of allowance.\n\n## Mixed partnerships\n\nAIA is not available for partnerships where one of the partners is a company or another partnership.\n\n## More than one business or trade\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner and you have more than one business or trade, each business usually gets an AIA.\n\nYou only get one AIA if the businesses are both:\n\n- controlled by the same person\n\n- in the same premises or have similar activities\n\nIf 2 or more limited companies are controlled by the same person they only get one AIA between them. They can choose how to share the AIA.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim on your tax return.\n\n## First year allowances\n\nIf you buy an asset that qualifies for first year allowances you can deduct the full cost from your profits before tax.\n\nYou can claim first year allowances in addition to annual investment allowance - they do not count towards your AIA limit.\n\n## What qualifies\n\nYou can claim \u2018enhanced capital allowances\u2019 (a type of first year allowances) for the following energy and water efficient equipment:\n\n- some cars with low CO2 emissions\n\n- energy saving equipment that\u2019s on the energy technology product list, for example certain motors\n\n- water saving equipment that\u2019s on the water efficient technologies product list, for example meters, efficient toilets and taps\n\n- plant and machinery for gas refuelling stations, for example storage tanks, pumps\n\n- gas, biogas and hydrogen refuelling equipment\n\n- new zero-emission goods vehicles\n\nYou cannot normally claim on items your business buys to lease to other people or for use within a home you let out.\n\n## How to claim\n\nClaim on your tax return.\n\nIf you do not claim all the first year allowances you\u2019re entitled to, you can claim part of the cost in the next accounting period using writing down allowances.\n\n## Business cars\n\nYou can claim capital allowances on cars you buy and use in your business. This means you can deduct part of the value from your profits before you pay tax.\n\nUse writing down allowances to work out what you can claim - cars do not qualify for annual investment allowance (AIA).\n\n## Sole traders and partners\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or a partner you can claim simplified mileage expenses on business vehicles instead - as long as you have not already claimed for them in another way.\n\n## Employees\n\nIf you\u2019re an employee you cannot claim capital allowances for cars, motorbikes and bicycles you use for work, but you may be able to claim for business mileage and fuel costs.\n\n## What counts as a car\n\nFor capital allowances a car is a type of vehicle that:\n\n- is suitable for private use - this includes motorhomes\n\n- most people use privately\n\n- was not built for transporting goods\n\n## What does not count\n\nBecause they do not count as cars you can claim AIA on:\n\n- motorcycles - apart from those bought before 6 April 2009\n\n- lorries, vans and trucks\n\n## Rates for cars\n\nThe rate you can claim depends on the CO2 emissions of your car and the date you bought it.\n\nThe main and special rates apply from 1 April for limited companies, and 6 April for sole traders and partners. The first year allowances rate applies from 1 April for all businesses.\n\n## Cars bought from April 2021\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 0g/km (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 1g/km and 50g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are between 1g/km and 50g/km (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 50g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2018 and April 2021\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 50g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 50g/km and 110g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 110g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 110g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2015 and April 2018\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 75g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 75g/km and 130g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 130g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 130g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2013 and April 2015\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 95g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 95g/km and 130g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 130g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions are above 130g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\n## Cars bought between April 2009 and April 2013\n\n| Description of car | What you can claim |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are 110g/km or less (or car is electric) | First year allowances |\n\n| New and unused, CO2 emissions are between 110g/km and 160g/km | Main rate allowances |\n\n| Second hand, CO2 emissions are 160g/km or less (or car is electric) | Main rate allowances |\n\n| New or second hand, CO2 emissions above 160g/km | Special rate allowances |\n\nMove the balance of any cars bought before April 2009 to your main rate allowances pool.\n\nIf your car does not have an emissions figure use the special rate - use the main rate if it was registered before 1 March 2001.\n\n## Using cars outside your business\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader or partner and you also use your car outside your business, calculate how much you can claim based on the amount of business use.\n\nIf your business provides a car for an employee or director you can claim capital allowances on the full cost. You may need to report it as a benefit if they use it personally.\n\n## How to claim\n\nWhen you\u2019ve worked out your capital allowances, claim on your:\n\n- Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- partnership tax return if you\u2019re a partner\n\n- Company Tax Return if you\u2019re a limited company - you must include a separate capital allowances calculation\n\nEmployees must claim in a different way.\n\nThe amount you can claim is deducted from your profits.\n\n## When you can claim\n\nYou must claim in the accounting period you bought the item if you want to claim the full value under:\n\n- annual investment allowance\n\n- first year allowances\n\nIf you do not want to claim the full value you can claim part of it using writing down allowances. You can do this at any time as long as you still own the item.\n\n## When you bought it\n\nThe date you bought it is:\n\n- when you signed the contract, if payment is due within less than 4 months\n\n- when payment\u2019s due, if it\u2019s due more than 4 months later\n\nIf you buy something under a hire purchase contract you can claim for the payments you have not made yet when you start using the item. You cannot claim on the interest payments.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/capital-allowances", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the owner and a director of a limited company which designs bespoke headstones and other memorials for relatives of the deceased. We recently acquired a new zero-emission people carrier, which is used both by our sales representatives when visiting clients and also for the delivery of some of our smaller products.", + "original_question": "Can the cost of this vehicle be claimed against our Annual Investment Allowance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1565", + "question": "Scenario: I own and operate a hardware store in Southern England. We are VAT registered, and have a returns policy by which customers can return faulty goods within their guarantee period for an identical replacement.\n\nQuestion: Is it necessary to issue a second VAT invoice for the replacement product?\n\nDocument - Businesses and charging VAT:\n## How VAT works\n\nYou can only charge VAT if your business is registered for VAT.\n\nVAT is charged on things like:\n\n- business sales - for example when you sell goods and services\n\n- hiring or loaning goods to someone\n\n- selling business assets\n\n- commission\n\n- items sold to staff - for example canteen meals\n\n- business goods used for personal reasons\n\n- \u2018non-sales\u2019 like bartering, part-exchange and gifts\n\nThese are known as \u2018taxable supplies\u2019. There are different rules for charities.\n\n## Responsibilities\n\nVAT-registered businesses:\n\n- must charge VAT on their goods or services\n\n- may reclaim any VAT they\u2019ve paid on business-related goods or services\n\n- must account for import VAT on their VAT return if they use import VAT this way (known as \u2018postponed VAT accounting\u2019)\n\nIf you\u2019re a VAT-registered business you must report to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) the amount of VAT you\u2019ve charged and the amount of VAT you\u2019ve paid. This is done through your VAT Return which is usually due every 3 months.\n\nYou may want to appoint an agent to deal with HMRC on your behalf.\n\nYou must account for VAT on the full value of what you sell, even if you:\n\n- receive goods or services instead of money (for example if you take something in part-exchange)\n\n- haven\u2019t charged any VAT to the customer - whatever price you charge is treated as including VAT\n\nIf you\u2019ve charged more VAT than you\u2019ve paid, you have to pay the difference to HMRC. If you\u2019ve paid more VAT than you\u2019ve charged, you can reclaim the difference from HMRC.\n\n## VAT rates\n\nThere are 3 different rates of VAT and you must make sure you charge the right amount.\n\nGet a list of reduced or zero-rated goods and services.\n\n## Standard rate\n\nMost goods and services are standard rate. You should charge this rate unless the goods or services are classed as reduced or zero-rated.\n\nThis includes any goods below the distance selling threshold you supply from Northern Ireland to non-VAT registered EU customers. If you go over the threshold, you\u2019ll have to register for VAT in that country.\n\n## Reduced rate\n\nWhen you charge this rate can depend on what the item is as well as the circumstances of the sale, for example:\n\n- children\u2019s car seats and domestic fuel or power are always charged at 5%\n\n- mobility aids for older people are only charged at 5% if they\u2019re for someone over 60 and the goods are installed in their home\n\n## Zero rate\n\nZero-rated means that the goods are still VAT-taxable but the rate of VAT you must charge your customers is 0%. You still have to record them in your VAT accounts and report them on your VAT Return. Examples include:\n\n- books and newspapers\n\n- children\u2019s clothes and shoes\n\n- motorcycle helmets\n\n- most goods you export from England, Wales and Scotland (Great Britain) to a country outside the UK\n\n- most goods you export from Northern Ireland to a country outside the EU and the UK\n\n- goods you supply from Northern Ireland to a VAT registered EU business - you can check if the VAT number is valid\n\nIf you sent goods to the EU from Northern Ireland, you\u2019ll need their VAT number and paperwork proving that the goods have been sent within certain time limits (usually 3 months).\n\nRates can change and you must apply any changes to the rates from the date they change.\n\n## What you must do when charging VAT\n\nYou need to know the right VAT rate so you can charge it correctly and reclaim it on your purchases.\n\nIf a transaction is a standard, reduced or zero-rated taxable supply, you must:\n\n- charge the right rate of VAT\n\n- work out the VAT if a single price is shown that includes or excludes VAT\n\n- show the VAT information on your invoice\n\n- show the transaction in your VAT account - a summary of your VAT\n\n- show the amount on your VAT Return\n\nYou may be able to reclaim the VAT on purchases that relate to these sales.\n\nYou cannot claim back all of the amount you\u2019ve paid if you pay the wrong amount of VAT on a purchase.\n\n## VAT-inclusive and exclusive prices\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a calculation when charging VAT on goods or services, or when working out the amount of VAT you can claim back on items which were sold inclusive of VAT.\n\n## VAT-inclusive prices\n\nTo work out a price including the standard rate of VAT (20%), multiply the price excluding VAT by 1.2.\n\nTo work out a price including the reduced rate of VAT (5%), multiply the price excluding VAT by 1.05.\n\n## VAT-exclusive prices\n\nTo work out a price excluding the standard rate of VAT (20%) divide the price including VAT by 1.2.\n\nTo work out a price excluding the reduced rate of VAT (5%) divide the price including VAT by 1.05.\n\n## When not to charge VAT\n\nYou cannot charge VAT on exempt or \u2018out of scope\u2019 items.\n\n## Exempt goods and services\n\nExempt goods or services are supplies that you cannot charge VAT on.\n\nIf you buy or sell an exempt item you should still record the transaction in your general business accounts. Examples of exempt items include:\n\n- insurance\n\n- postage stamps or services\n\n- health services provided by doctors\n\nGet a list of goods and services that are VAT exempt.\n\n## VAT registration\n\nBusinesses that sell only VAT-exempt goods and services cannot register for VAT.\n\nIf you start selling items that aren\u2019t exempt, you can register for VAT voluntarily. You must register if the total value of non-exempt goods and services goes over the VAT taxable turnover threshold.\n\n## Out of scope\n\nSome goods and services are outside the VAT tax system so you cannot charge or reclaim the VAT on them. For example, out of scope items include:\n\n- goods or services you buy and use outside the UK\n\n- statutory fees - like the London congestion charge\n\n- goods you sell as part of a hobby - like stamps from a collection\n\n- donations to a charity - if given without receiving anything in return\n\n## Charging VAT to charities\n\nAs a VAT-registered business, you can sell certain goods and services to charities at the zero or reduced rate of VAT.\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to check the charity is eligible, and to apply the correct rate.\n\nCommunity amateur sports clubs (CASCs) don\u2019t qualify for VAT reliefs for charities.\n\n## Check the charity is eligible\n\nTo make sure the charity is eligible, ask them for:\n\n- evidence that they\u2019re a charity\n\n- a written declaration or \u2018certificate\u2019 confirming they meet the conditions for the particular VAT relief\n\n## Evidence of charitable status\n\nThe charity should give you either:\n\n- their Charity Commission registration number\n\n- a letter of recognition from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if they\u2019re not registered with the Charity Commission for England and Wales (for example if they\u2019re a Scottish or Northern Irish charity)\n\n## Written declaration\n\nCharities are legally required to give you an eligibility certificate when you supply eligible building or construction services to them at zero VAT. The certificate must contain specific information.\n\nA declaration is not legally required for other items you sell at the zero or reduced rate, but you should ask for one to prove the charity is eligible for the relief.\n\nThese sample declarations contain examples of the information a charity should give you when buying:\n\n- medical and scientific equipment, motor vehicles and computer software\n\n- charity advertising\n\n- goods and services for disabled people\n\nThe written declaration should be separate from the order form or invoice for the goods or services the charity is buying.\n\nYou must keep the completed declarations for at least 4 years.\n\n## Items that qualify for the reduced rate\n\nYou may be able to apply the reduced VAT rate when you sell fuel and power in certain circumstances to an eligible charity.\n\n## Items that qualify for the zero rate\n\nYou may be able to apply zero VAT when you sell the following to an eligible charity:\n\n- advertising and items for collecting donations\n\n- aids for disabled people\n\n- construction services\n\n- drugs and chemicals\n\n- equipment for making \u2018talking\u2019 books and newspapers\n\n- lifeboats and associated equipment, including fuel\n\n- medicine or ingredients for medicine\n\n- resuscitation training models\n\n## Equipment for medical and veterinary use\n\nYou may also be able to zero-rate some other medical and veterinary equipment when you sell it to:\n\n- certain health bodies, for example NHS Trusts\n\n- not-for-profit research institutions\n\n- charities that provide institutional care, or medical or surgical treatment for chronically sick or disabled people\n\n- charities that provide transport services for disabled people\n\n- charities that provide rescue or first aid services to humans or animals\n\n- someone buying it specifically for donation to one of these bodies\n\nThe money used to buy the equipment must be from charitable or donated funds. This should be stated on the eligibility declaration.\n\nThe eligible items include:\n\n- medical, veterinary and scientific equipment\n\n- ambulances\n\n- goods for disabled people\n\n- motor vehicles for medical use\n\n- rescue equipment\n\n- resuscitation training dummies\n\n## Returned goods\n\nWhen you return goods to a supplier or a customer returns goods to you, the balance of payment can be settled by issuing either a:\n\n- replacement invoice\n\n- credit or debit note\n\nIf you exchange the goods for goods of the same value you don\u2019t need to issue a new VAT invoice.\n\n## Credit and debit notes\n\nThese must show the same information as the VAT invoice and:\n\n- why it was issued\n\n- the total amount credited, excluding VAT\n\n- the number and date of the original VAT invoice\n\n## Discounts and free gifts\n\n## Discounts\n\nVAT may have to be charged on discounts and deals.\n\n| Offer | How to charge VAT |\n\n| Discounts | Charged on the discounted price (not the full price) |\n\n| Gifts | Charged on the gift\u2019s full value - there are some exceptions listed below |\n\n| Multi-buys | Charged on the combined price if all the items have the same VAT rate. If not, VAT is \u2018apportioned\u2019 as mixed-rate goods |\n\n| Money-off coupons, vouchers etc | No VAT due if given away free at time of a purchase. If not, VAT due on the price charged |\n\n| \u2018Face value\u2019 vouchers that can be used for more than one type of good or service | No VAT due, if sold at or below their monetary value |\n\n| Redeemed face value vouchers | Charged on the full value of the transaction |\n\n| Redeemed face value vouchers sold at a discount | Charged on the discounted value of the transaction |\n\n| Link-save offers (buy one get one free or discounted) | VAT is apportioned as mixed-rate goods - there are exceptions |\n\n## Exceptions for gifts and link-save offers\n\nThere\u2019s no VAT due on gifts given to the same person if their total value in a 12 month period is less than \u00a350.\n\nVAT is charged on the combined value of link-save items if the incentive product:\n\n- has a resale value of less than \u00a31\n\n- has a sale value of less than \u00a35\n\n- costs you less than 20% of the total of the other items in the offer\n\n- isn\u2019t sold at a separate price from the main product\n\n## Free goods and services\n\nYou don\u2019t have to pay VAT on things like free samples if they meet certain conditions.\n\n| Supplies | Condition to meet so no VAT due |\n\n| Free samples | Used for marketing purposes and provided in a quantity that lets potential customers test the product |\n\n| Free loans of business assets | The cost of hiring the asset is included in something else you sell to the customer |\n\n| Free gifts | The total cost of all gifts to the same person is less than \u00a350 in a 12 month period |\n\n| Free services | You don\u2019t get any payment or goods or services in return |", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-businesses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own and operate a hardware store in Southern England. We are VAT registered, and have a returns policy by which customers can return faulty goods within their guarantee period for an identical replacement.", + "original_question": "Is it necessary to issue a second VAT invoice for the replacement product?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1570", + "question": "Scenario: I own a building in central Manchester, in which I rent office space to several small start-up companies. I obtained an EPC on the completion of construction in 2014. During the recent pandemic-induced vacation of much of the occupied space I took the opportunity to have the air conditioning completely refurbished, which involved considerable re-organisation of the internal divisions too.\n\nQuestion: Is my current EPC still valid, or do I need to be assessed for a new one?\n\nDocument - Energy Performance Certificates for your business premises:\n## Overview\n\nAn Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) rates how energy efficient your building is using grades from A to G (with \u2018A\u2019 the most efficient grade).\n\n## When you need an EPC\n\nYou must have an EPC if:\n\n- you rent out or sell the premises\n\n- a building under construction is finished\n\n- there are changes to the number of parts used for separate occupation and these changes involve providing or extending fixed heating, air conditioning or mechanical ventilation systems\n\nYou can be fined between \u00a3500 and \u00a35,000 based on the rateable value of the building if you don\u2019t make an EPC available to any prospective buyer or tenant.\n\n## When you must display one\n\nYou must display an EPC by fixing it to your commercial building if all these apply:\n\n- the total useful floor area is over 500 square metres\n\n- the building is frequently visited by the public\n\n- an EPC has already been produced for the building\u2019s sale, rental or construction\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe cost of an EPC will depend on the building being assessed. All EPCs are valid for 10 years.\n\n## How to get a certificate\n\nYou can only get an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) from a commercial energy assessor.\n\nThe type of assessor you\u2019ll need will depend on the complexity and features of the building. If you need advice on choosing one, speak to a commercial (non-domestic) energy assessor or contact the approved accreditation scheme they belong to.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou don\u2019t need an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) if you can demonstrate that the building is any of these:\n\n- listed or officially protected and the minimum energy performance requirements would unacceptably alter it\n\n- a temporary building only going to be used for 2 years or less\n\n- used as a place of worship or for other religious activities\n\n- an industrial site, workshop or non-residential agricultural building that doesn\u2019t use much energy\n\n- a detached building with a total floor space under 50 square metres\n\n- due to be demolished by the seller or landlord and they have all the relevant planning and conservation consents\n\n## Vacant buildings and demolition\n\nA building is also exempt if all of the following are true:\n\n- it\u2019s due to be sold or rented out with vacant possession\n\n- it\u2019s suitable for demolition and the site could be redeveloped\n\n- the buyer or tenant has applied for planning permission to demolish it\n\n## Appeal a penalty charge\n\nYou can ask for a review if you get a penalty charge notice. The notice will tell you how to do this. If the review fails you\u2019ll get a letter confirming your penalty.\n\nYou can then appeal to the county court (or sheriff court in Scotland) but you must do this within 28 days of receiving your confirmed penalty.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/energy-performance-certificate-commercial-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a building in central Manchester, in which I rent office space to several small start-up companies. I obtained an EPC on the completion of construction in 2014. During the recent pandemic-induced vacation of much of the occupied space I took the opportunity to have the air conditioning completely refurbished, which involved considerable re-organisation of the internal divisions too.", + "original_question": "Is my current EPC still valid, or do I need to be assessed for a new one?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1572", + "question": "Scenario: A neighbouring landowner recently had an application for a Lawful Development Certificate for the conversion of one of his outbuildings into a dwelling refused by the local council. I opposed this proposed change of use, and have now been notified by the council that the landowner intends to appeal their decision.\n\nQuestion: Is there a means by which I can register my opposition to this appeal?\n\nDocument - Appeal a decision about a lawful development certificate:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority makes decisions about lawful development certificates.\n\nYou can appeal against a lawful development certificate decision if either:\n\n- you disagree with it\n\n- the decision was not made within 8 weeks (6 weeks for work to a listed building)\n\nDo not appeal if you\u2019ve already been given an enforcement notice. You may have to pay additional costs if you do.\n\nOnly the person who made the lawful development certificate application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nThere\u2019s normally no deadline. If you\u2019re appealing an application about a listed building lawful development certificate, you must appeal within 6 months of the decision.\n\nYou can apply for planning permission at the same time as appealing a lawful development certificate decision.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.\n\nCheck how long appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice - if they did not make a decision, send a copy of the letter acknowledging your application\n\n- all plans, drawings and documents you sent to the local planning authority\n\n- any letters or emails between you and the local planning authority\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit:\n\n- a map of the site\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds of appeal\n\nIf you think your land or building is now lawful because the time limit for enforcement has passed, you also need to submit evidence like:\n\n- dated photographs of the site\n\n- letters from neighbours\n\n- receipts or invoices for work\n\n- plans and drawings\n\nYou can upload these documents or pictures of these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on a lawful development certificate appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal. The deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.\n\nYour local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. The local planning authority has to do this within 2 weeks of the appeal being validated by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nIf there\u2019s going to be an inquiry, interested parties can apply to have \u2018rule 6 status\u2019, which means they\u2019ll play a much bigger part. For example, they can call witnesses and give evidence.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-lawful-development-certificate-decision", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "A neighbouring landowner recently had an application for a Lawful Development Certificate for the conversion of one of his outbuildings into a dwelling refused by the local council. I opposed this proposed change of use, and have now been notified by the council that the landowner intends to appeal their decision.", + "original_question": "Is there a means by which I can register my opposition to this appeal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1573", + "question": "Scenario: I am a self-employed web designer, operating primarily over the internet while based at home. I work around 160 hrs per month. My internet usage is charged at a single, fixed fee per month with unlimited data transfer.\n\nQuestion: Can I use a flat rate to work out my internet connection expenses?\n\nDocument - Simplified expenses if you're self-employed:\n## Overview\n\nSimplified expenses are a way of calculating some of your business expenses using flat rates instead of working out your actual business costs.\n\nYou do not have to use simplified expenses. You can decide if it suits your business.\n\n## Who can use simplified expenses\n\nSimplified expenses can be used by:\n\n- sole traders\n\n- business partnerships that have no companies as partners\n\nSimplified expenses cannot be used by limited companies or business partnerships involving a limited company.\n\n## Types of expenses\n\nYou can use flat rates for:\n\n- business costs for some vehicles\n\n- working from home\n\n- living in your business premises\n\nYou must calculate all other expenses by working out the actual costs.\n\n## How to use simplified expenses\n\n- Keep records your business miles for vehicles, hours you work at home and how many people live at your business premises over the year.\n\n- At the end of the tax year use the flat rates for vehicle mileage, working from home, and living at your business premises to work out your expenses.\n\n- Include these amounts in the total for your expenses in your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs. This will help you work out if simplified expenses suits your business.\n\n## Vehicles\n\nCalculate your vehicle expenses using a flat rate for mileage instead of the actual costs of buying and running your vehicle, for example insurance, repairs, servicing, fuel.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses for:\n\n- cars (except cars designed for commercial use, for example black cabs or dual control driving instructors\u2019 cars)\n\n- goods vehicles (for example, vans)\n\n- motorcycles\n\nYou cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.\n\n| Vehicle | Flat rate per mile with simplified expenses |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles first 10,000 miles | 45p |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles after 10,000 miles | 25p |\n\n| Motorcycles | 24p |\n\nYou do not have to use flat rates for all your vehicles. Once you use the flat rates for a vehicle, you must continue to do so as long as you use that vehicle for your business.\n\nYou can claim all other travel expenses (for example train journeys) and parking on top of your vehicle expenses.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Working from home\n\nCalculate your allowable expenses using a flat rate based on the hours you work from home each month.\n\nThis means you do not have to work out the proportion of personal and business use for your home, for example how much of your utility bills are for business.\n\nThe flat rate does not include telephone or internet expenses. You can claim the business proportion of these bills by working out the actual costs.\n\nYou can only use simplified expenses if you work for 25 hours or more a month from home.\n\n| Hours of business use per month | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 25 to 50 | \u00a310 |\n\n| 51 to 100 | \u00a318 |\n\n| 101 and more | \u00a326 |\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Living at your business premises\n\nA small number of businesses use their business premises as their home, for example a guesthouse, bed and breakfast or small care home.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses instead of working out the split between what you spend for your private and business use of the premises.\n\nWith simplified expenses you calculate the total expenses for the premises.\n\nThen use the flat rates to subtract an amount for your personal use of the premises, based on the number of people living on the premises and claim the rest as your business expenses.\n\n| Number of people | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 1 | \u00a3350 |\n\n| 2 | \u00a3500 |\n\n| 3+ | \u00a3650 |\n\nIf someone lives at your business premises for part of the year, you can deduct only the relevant flat rate for the months they live there.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a self-employed web designer, operating primarily over the internet while based at home. I work around 160 hrs per month. My internet usage is charged at a single, fixed fee per month with unlimited data transfer.", + "original_question": "Can I use a flat rate to work out my internet connection expenses?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1574", + "question": "Scenario: I own a medium-sized electronic components business based in the UK and headquartered in Abingdon. We recently received regulatory approval for a new product, and are looking to export it via suitable local distributors.\n\nQuestion: Can the DIT provide suitable expert(s) to advise us on finding the right distribution channels?\n\nDocument - Find overseas customers and export opportunities:\n## Find export opportunities\n\nUse great.gov.uk to:\n\n- make sure your business is ready to export\n\n- show your products directly to overseas buyers through the \u2018find a buyer\u2019 service\n\n- find overseas opportunities for your product or service\n\nStart now\n\n## Find customers online\n\nGet help selling online overseas and take advantage of special deals negotiated by the government.\n\nAnd join the e-exporting programme to get:\n\n- advice on developing a strategy from e-commerce and international trade experts\n\n- special rates for some of the world\u2019s most popular online selling platforms\n\n- regular updates on e-commerce trends and opportunities to hear from industry experts and network with other online traders\n\nContact e-exporting@trade.gov.uk to join the e-exporting programme.\n\n## Get help from a trade specialist\n\nThe Department for International Trade (DIT) has a network of trade specialists who can also help you find overseas customers by:\n\n- helping you prepare for a trade show or overseas market visit (sometimes grants are available - check with the event organiser)\n\n- arranging introductions to potential overseas buyers, agents and distributors (there\u2019s a charge for this service)\n\nTo find out more, first see the export guidance on great.gov.uk, then contact a trade adviser in your region.\n\n## If you had an OMIS account\n\nIf you had an Overseas Market Introduction Service (OMIS) account and want to talk about something you commissioned, contact a trade adviser in your region or email omis.orders@digital.trade.gov.uk.\n\n## Defence, security and cyber security\n\nContact the Defence and Security Organisation (DSO) for help with:\n\n- presentations, product demonstrations and hosting delegations (including a bespoke hanger for exhibitions and demonstration centre for cyber security products)\n\n- displaying your products on the DSO stand at exhibitions and trade shows\n\n- booking military personnel to appear on your stand at an exhibition or trade show\n\n- providing after sales training to customers\n\nDSO provides media support for product launches or overseas campaigns. Call +44 (0)20 7215 8467.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/overseas-customers-export-opportunities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a medium-sized electronic components business based in the UK and headquartered in Abingdon. We recently received regulatory approval for a new product, and are looking to export it via suitable local distributors.", + "original_question": "Can the DIT provide suitable expert(s) to advise us on finding the right distribution channels?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1576", + "question": "Scenario: I am the tenant of a public house in Northern Ireland, hold the neccessary licenses to sell alcohol and provide amusements and am VAT registered. The pub's owner has recently installed an old quiz machine, acquired from another pub which was being closed down.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to pay Machine Games Duty, or is this a matter for the pub's owner?\n\nDocument - Machine Games Duty:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) if there are machines that give cash prizes on your premises. You pay duty on:\n\n- slot and fruit machines, and other gaming machines\n\n- quiz machines and other \u2018skill with prize\u2019 machines\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou do not pay it on machines where the prize is less than the cost to play, or on takings from charity events, tournaments, lottery machines or if the machine is for domestic use.\n\nYour takings from machine games will be exempt from VAT if you pay MGD.\n\nIf you\u2019re responsible for MGD you\u2019ll need to register, send regular returns, pay duty and keep records.\n\n## Who\u2019s responsible for registering and paying\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility if you hold any of the following licences:\n\n- premises licence, for example for gambling or alcohol\n\n- family entertainment centre gaming machine permit\n\n- club premises certificate, a club gaming permit or club machine permit\n\n- prize gaming permit or amusement permit\n\n- registration certificate including a club registration certificate\n\n- bookmaking office licence or bingo club licence\n\n- licence to sell alcohol in Northern Ireland\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re the tenant of a pub. You\u2019re responsible for MGD, not the premises licence owner (usually the pub\u2019s owner). When you stop being the tenant, you need to cancel your registration.\n\nYou are not responsible for MGD if you supply the machines, unless you also hold the licence or permit for the premises.\n\nIf your premises does not have a licence, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask someone else, usually the manager or owner, to register and pay the duty.\n\nYou may have to pay a penalty if you do not register when you should.\n\n## Register\n\nRegister for Machine Games Duty (MGD) at least 14 days before you make your machines available to play.\n\nYou register by adding MGD to your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) account. If you do not have one (or only have an account for personal tax), create an account as an organisation.\n\nTo register for MGD, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- any licence or permit numbers for your premises\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR), if you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment or Corporation Tax\n\n- your VAT number, if you\u2019re registered for VAT\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- to know how many machines you have\n\n- your accountant\u2019s MGD agent reference number and postcode, if you want them to file returns on your behalf\n\nRegister now\n\n## After you\u2019ve registered\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep accurate records to show:\n\n- how you worked out the figures for your return\n\n- that the amount you\u2019ve paid is correct\n\nKeep your records for 4 years as HMRC might ask to see them.\n\n## If you want to file paper returns\n\nFill in and send the registration form if you want to file paper returns.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nYou pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) on the total net takings from your machine games.\n\nThis is what you charge to play the games minus the amount you pay as winnings, including non-cash prizes.\n\nYou do not pay it on takings from charity events, tournaments, lottery machines or if the machine is for domestic use.\n\n## MGD rates\n\n| | Cost to play | Prize | Rate you pay |\n\n| Machine type 1 - lower rate | 20 pence or less | \u00a310 or less | 5% |\n\n| Machine type 2 - standard rate | 21 pence to \u00a35 | \u00a311 or more | 20% |\n\n| All other machine types - higher rate | More than \u00a35 | Any | 25% |\n\nIf your machine has more than one type of game, you pay the rate for the highest rated game on all takings from the machine.\n\n## File your return\n\nYou must file a Machine Games Duty (MGD) return every 3 months.\n\nYour return is due within 30 days of the end of the accounting period. You\u2019ll get a reminder if you included your email address when you registered online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- records of your total net takings from machine games\n\n- details of how you worked out the figures\n\nYou still fill in a return even if you do not owe anything, or your business has not traded during this accounting period. This can be for any reason, including if you\u2019ve closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Enter \u20180\u2019 in all boxes.\n\nFile your return\n\n## If you chose to file using paper forms\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you paper forms when your return is due. If you do not receive them, contact the helpline.\n\n## After you\u2019ve filed your return\n\nPay your Machine Games Duty bill within 30 days of the end of your accounting period.\n\nYou may have to pay a penalty if your return or payment is late. HMRC can also charge you an estimate of what you owe.\n\n## Change your details\n\nSign in to the Machine Games Duty (MGD) service to:\n\n- change your contact address or other details\n\n- cancel your registration if you\u2019ve stopped trading, no longer have machine games or want to be registered as part of a group of companies\n\n- add, change or remove an authorised agent to file returns for you\n\nYou can also contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by phone or post. You\u2019ll need to tell them your registration number.\n\n## Switch to file online instead of sending paper returns\n\nIf you already have an HMRC online account, sign in to add the MGD service.\n\nOtherwise, register for an HMRC account and sign up for MGD.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/machine-game-duty", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the tenant of a public house in Northern Ireland, hold the neccessary licenses to sell alcohol and provide amusements and am VAT registered. The pub's owner has recently installed an old quiz machine, acquired from another pub which was being closed down.", + "original_question": "Do I need to pay Machine Games Duty, or is this a matter for the pub's owner?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1577", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle is a sole business trader of a construction company. He is very busy and occupied such that he has no time to work out allowable expenses as he run his day to day business.\n\nQuestion: Can he use simplified expenses to calculate his expenses?\n\nDocument - Simplified expenses if you're self-employed:\n## Overview\n\nSimplified expenses are a way of calculating some of your business expenses using flat rates instead of working out your actual business costs.\n\nYou do not have to use simplified expenses. You can decide if it suits your business.\n\n## Who can use simplified expenses\n\nSimplified expenses can be used by:\n\n- sole traders\n\n- business partnerships that have no companies as partners\n\nSimplified expenses cannot be used by limited companies or business partnerships involving a limited company.\n\n## Types of expenses\n\nYou can use flat rates for:\n\n- business costs for some vehicles\n\n- working from home\n\n- living in your business premises\n\nYou must calculate all other expenses by working out the actual costs.\n\n## How to use simplified expenses\n\n- Keep records your business miles for vehicles, hours you work at home and how many people live at your business premises over the year.\n\n- At the end of the tax year use the flat rates for vehicle mileage, working from home, and living at your business premises to work out your expenses.\n\n- Include these amounts in the total for your expenses in your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs. This will help you work out if simplified expenses suits your business.\n\n## Vehicles\n\nCalculate your vehicle expenses using a flat rate for mileage instead of the actual costs of buying and running your vehicle, for example insurance, repairs, servicing, fuel.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses for:\n\n- cars (except cars designed for commercial use, for example black cabs or dual control driving instructors\u2019 cars)\n\n- goods vehicles (for example, vans)\n\n- motorcycles\n\nYou cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.\n\n| Vehicle | Flat rate per mile with simplified expenses |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles first 10,000 miles | 45p |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles after 10,000 miles | 25p |\n\n| Motorcycles | 24p |\n\nYou do not have to use flat rates for all your vehicles. Once you use the flat rates for a vehicle, you must continue to do so as long as you use that vehicle for your business.\n\nYou can claim all other travel expenses (for example train journeys) and parking on top of your vehicle expenses.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Working from home\n\nCalculate your allowable expenses using a flat rate based on the hours you work from home each month.\n\nThis means you do not have to work out the proportion of personal and business use for your home, for example how much of your utility bills are for business.\n\nThe flat rate does not include telephone or internet expenses. You can claim the business proportion of these bills by working out the actual costs.\n\nYou can only use simplified expenses if you work for 25 hours or more a month from home.\n\n| Hours of business use per month | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 25 to 50 | \u00a310 |\n\n| 51 to 100 | \u00a318 |\n\n| 101 and more | \u00a326 |\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Living at your business premises\n\nA small number of businesses use their business premises as their home, for example a guesthouse, bed and breakfast or small care home.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses instead of working out the split between what you spend for your private and business use of the premises.\n\nWith simplified expenses you calculate the total expenses for the premises.\n\nThen use the flat rates to subtract an amount for your personal use of the premises, based on the number of people living on the premises and claim the rest as your business expenses.\n\n| Number of people | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 1 | \u00a3350 |\n\n| 2 | \u00a3500 |\n\n| 3+ | \u00a3650 |\n\nIf someone lives at your business premises for part of the year, you can deduct only the relevant flat rate for the months they live there.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle is a sole business trader of a construction company. He is very busy and occupied such that he has no time to work out allowable expenses as he run his day to day business.", + "original_question": "Can he use simplified expenses to calculate his expenses?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1578", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle will like to change the business name and one of the company\n\nQuestion: Is it important he reports the changes to HMRC?\n\nDocument - Make changes to your private limited company:\n## Overview\n\nYou must tell Companies House if you change your company\u2019s:\n\n- name\n\n- address\n\n- directors and company secretaries, including changes to their details\n\n- type, for example becoming a public limited company or unlimited company\n\n- share, for example issuing new shares or changing your share structure\n\n- constitution and articles of association - how your company is run\n\n- mortgages and loan guarantees (sometimes called \u2018charges\u2019), for example if the company takes out a secured loan\n\nYou may need your company\u2019s agreement before you can make some changes.\n\nYou may also need to tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) about company changes.\n\n## When to tell Companies House\n\nYou must tell Companies House within 14 days if you make changes to:\n\n- where you keep your company records\n\n- your directors, or their personal details change, for example their address\n\n- company secretaries\n\nYou must tell Companies House within 15 days if you make changes to your constitution or articles of association.\n\nYou must tell Companies House within a month if you issue more shares in your company.\n\nYou must tell Companies House all other changes within 21 days.\n\n## How to tell Companies House\n\nYou can either:\n\n- use the Companies House online service if it\u2019s available for the change you need to make\n\n- download and fill in paper forms\n\n## Get agreement from your company\n\nYou usually need to get directors or entitled shareholders to vote (known as \u2018passing a resolution\u2019) on whether or not to make some changes.\n\nThings that usually need a resolution include:\n\n- changing your company name\n\n- removing a director\n\n- changing your company\u2019s constitution and articles of association - how your company is run\n\n- changing your company\u2019s share structure\n\nMost resolutions simply need more shareholders to agree than disagree (called an \u2018ordinary resolution\u2019). They may be simply done by a show of hands at a meeting. Ordinary resolutions are used for most routine changes, for example, increasing a company\u2019s share capital.\n\nSome decisions, for example changing your articles, might require a 75% or even 95% majority (called a \u2018special resolution\u2019 or \u2018extraordinary resolution\u2019).\n\nYour company articles will usually tell you if you need a resolution, and what type it should be.\n\nYou must let your shareholders (and auditors if relevant) know when there\u2019s going to be a vote on a resolution.\n\nYou must file special or extraordinary resolutions with Companies House within 15 days of passing them.\n\n## Shareholder voting for special and extraordinary resolutions\n\nWhen you\u2019re working out the majority in special or extraordinary resolutions you count the number of shares that give the owner the right to vote, rather than the number of shareholders.\n\n## How to hold a resolution\n\nYou do not always need to have a meeting to pass a resolution. If enough shareholders or directors have told you they agree, you can usually confirm the resolution in writing.\n\nYou must write to all shareholders letting them know about the outcome of a resolution.\n\n## Company name\n\nA company can change its name either by:\n\n- a special resolution\n\n- permission given in the company\u2019s articles of association\n\nYour new name must follow all the rules for company names.\n\nYour company name will not officially change until Companies House registers it.\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can use the Companies House online service to file changes of name by special resolution only.\n\nIt costs \u00a38 to file, or \u00a330 for the same-day service.\n\n## Register by post\n\n## If you\u2019re applying by special resolution\n\nDownload and fill in form NM01.\n\nYou must attach a copy of your resolution with your application.\n\nSend your form and a cheque for \u00a310 to the address on the form, or \u00a350 for the same-day service.\n\n## If you\u2019re registering with permission from the articles of association\n\nDownload and fill in form NM04.\n\nSend your form and a cheque for \u00a310 to the address on the form, or \u00a350 for the same-day service.\n\n## Company address\n\nYou must tell Companies House if you want to change:\n\n- your registered office address\n\n- the address where you keep your records, and which records you\u2019ll keep there\n\nYour address will not officially change until it\u2019s registered at Companies House.\n\nYour company\u2019s new addresses must be in the same part of the UK that the company was registered (\u2018incorporated\u2019).\n\nFor example, if your company was registered in Scotland, the new registered office address must be in Scotland.\n\nYou must re-incorporate your company if you move to another part of the UK, for example from England to Scotland.\n\nCompanies House will tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that you\u2019ve changed your registered office address.\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can use the Companies House online service.\n\n## Register by post\n\nDownload and fill in a change of address form. Send your completed form to the Companies House address on the form.\n\n## Directors and company secretaries\n\nYou must tell Companies House about changes to your company\u2019s directors and secretaries, such as:\n\n- new appointments\n\n- resignations\n\n- changes to personal details, for example residential addresses\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can use the Companies House online service.\n\n## Register by post\n\nYou can send your changes by post.\n\nDownload and fill in the change forms you need and send them to the address on the forms\n\n## Shares\n\nYou must tell Companies House about any changes to your company\u2019s share structure that you make outside your annual return.\n\nYou may need a special resolution to change your company\u2019s share structure. This includes if you:\n\n- change the number of shares the company has and their total value - this is your \u2018share capital\u2019 (the part of your company\u2019s money that comes from shares)\n\n- change how your shares are distributed\n\n- cancel any of your shares\n\n- change (\u2018denominate\u2019) your shares into other currencies\n\nYou must tell Companies House within a month if you issue more shares in your company.\n\nYou must report all other changes to your share structure within 21 days.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must include a notice about the change you\u2019ve made and a statement declaring:\n\n- the company\u2019s total number of shares\n\n- the total value of those shares\n\n- how many shares have been paid for or not paid for\n\nThis is sometimes known as a \u2018statement of capital\u2019.\n\nYour shares may be normal (\u2018ordinary\u2019) or have special rights or restrictions.\n\nFor each type of share your company has, you must declare:\n\n- the rights that come with it\n\n- how many of the shares are issued\n\n- their total value before any additional costs are added\n\nAn accountant can help you prepare your statement of capital.\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can register changes to the shares your company issues online.\n\nYou must register all other changes to your shares by post.\n\n## Register by post\n\nYou can send your changes by post. Download and fill in the share change forms depending on the changes you\u2019re making.\n\nSend your completed forms, a copy of your resolution if needed and your statement of capital to the address on the forms.\n\n## Constitution and articles of association\n\nYou\u2019ll need agreement from your shareholders before changing your company\u2019s articles of association - the rules about how your company is run.\n\nThis can include changes to your company\u2019s \u2018objects\u2019 - what your company does as a business.\n\n## When you must change your constitution\n\nYou can change your constitution whenever your shareholders agree to the change in a \u2018resolution\u2019.\n\nYou must also change your constitution if:\n\n- a change in the law means your constitution would be illegal\n\n- ordered to by the courts or a regulating authority (for example the Charity Commission) tells you to change it\n\n## Sending your changes\n\nYou must include a copy of both the resolution you passed and the new articles of association when you make any changes to your company\u2019s constitution.\n\nDepending on why you\u2019re making the change you may also need to fill in one of the following:\n\n- a statement of company objects if your company is changing the objects in its articles\n\n- change of constitution by enactment if your change is because of a change in the law\n\n- change of constitution by order of court or other authority if your change has been ordered\n\nSend the copy of the resolution, the copy of your new articles and completed form (if any) to Companies House.\n\nIf a special enactment makes the change, you must include a copy of the enactment.\n\n## Deadline\n\nYou must send:\n\n- a copy of the resolution within 15 days of it being agreed\n\n- a copy of the amended articles of association within 15 days of them taking effect\n\n- any forms (if needed) within 15 days of the changes\n\n## Mortgages and loan guarantees\n\nYou can use your company\u2019s assets as a security for a loan or overdraft (sometimes known as \u2018charges\u2019), for example a mortgage for a property.\n\nYou must register details about any company charges with Companies House, including information about property or projects that are being backed by the charge.\n\nYou must also register changes to charges you\u2019ve previously registered, for example when a charge\u2019s been paid in part or in full.\n\nYou must register charges within 21 days from when they\u2019re set up - you will need a court order to register them later.\n\n## Register online\n\nYou can use the Companies House online service.\n\nIt costs \u00a310 to register online.\n\n## Register by post\n\nYou can send changes to your charges by post:\n\nDownload and fill in the forms you need and send them to the address on the forms.\n\nIt costs \u00a313 to register by post.\n\nCompanies House will reject your application if it\u2019s wrong or incomplete.\n\nYou can register for informal correction if you want Companies House to be able to correct certain types of information required to your form.\n\nOnce you\u2019re registered Companies House will contact you if they need more information or for permission to make a correction.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-changes-to-your-limited-company", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle will like to change the business name and one of the company", + "original_question": "Is it important he reports the changes to HMRC?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1579", + "question": "Scenario: My sister has been working online from her house during the covid pandemic. She has now decided to keep on working from home till the end of next year.\n\nQuestion: Does she qualify to pay business rates?\n\nDocument - Business rates:\n## Overview\n\nBusiness rates are charged on most non-domestic properties, like:\n\n- shops\n\n- offices\n\n- pubs\n\n- warehouses\n\n- factories\n\n- holiday rental homes or guest houses\n\nYou\u2019ll probably have to pay business rates if you use a building or part of a building for non-domestic purposes.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What to pay and when\n\nYour local council will send you a business rates bill in February or March each year. This is for the following tax year. You can also estimate your business rates bill.\n\nYou can get help with business rates from:\n\n- your council if you have questions about your bill\n\n- the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you think your \u2018rateable value\u2019 is wrong\n\n## Relief schemes\n\nYou may be able to get business rates relief from your local council to reduce your bill. This is sometimes automatic, but you may need to apply.\n\nThe process depends on whether you\u2019re in England or Wales.\n\n## Who does not need to pay\n\nCertain properties are exempt from business rates, for example farm buildings or places used for the welfare of disabled people.\n\n## If you own a stable\n\nYou usually need to pay business rates on your stables, unless you use your horses for farming.\n\nYou may pay Council Tax instead if your stables are in your garden. Contact VOA to check if you\u2019re not sure which you should pay.\n\n## How your rates are calculated\n\nBusiness rates are worked out based on your property\u2019s \u2018rateable value\u2019.\n\nThis is its open market rental value on 1 April 2015, based on an estimate by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\nYou can estimate your business rates by multiplying the rateable value by the correct \u2018multiplier\u2019 (an amount set by central government).\n\nYour bill will be reduced if your property\u2019s eligible for business rates relief.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you think your rates are wrong\n\nYou can ask for your property\u2019s rateable value to be corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to provide rental information\n\nThe VOA may ask you to provide rental information about your property so they can work out its rateable value.\n\nContact the VOA if you need more time to send in your rental information.\n\n## Revaluation\n\nAt revaluation, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) adjusts the rateable value of business properties to reflect changes in the property market.\n\nIt usually happens every 5 years. The most recent revaluation came into effect in England and Wales on 1 April 2017, based on rateable values from 1 April 2015.\n\nYou can check your valuation when you estimate your business rates.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What happens at revaluation\n\nAt revaluation:\n\n- all properties are given a new rateable value\n\n- multipliers are revised\n\nThis means that a change in your rateable value does not always mean a change in your bill.\n\nTo make sure your valuations are accurate, you may need to give VOA up-to-date rental evidence for your property at revaluation.\n\n## Get business rates relief\n\nYou may be able to get a discount from your local council if you\u2019re eligible for business rates relief.\n\nFor example you may be able to get:\n\n- transitional relief so that changes to your bill as a result of revaluation are phased in gradually\n\n- small business relief so that you pay no business rates if your rateable value is below \u00a315,000\n\n## Get help with business rates\n\nYou may be able to get a discount from your local council on your business rates if you\u2019re eligible for one or more business rates relief schemes.\n\nFor help with your property\u2019s rateable value, contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\nFor help with your business rates bill (for example to pay in instalments) or rate relief, contact your council.\n\n## Get professional advice\n\nYou can also get help from a qualified rating surveyor through one of the following organisations:\n\n- Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS)\n\n- Institute of Revenues, Rating and Valuation (IRRV)\n\n- Rating Surveyors Association\n\nYou may be charged for any advice you get from a rating surveyor right from the start.\n\nYou can call the RICS enquiry line for advice. The first 30 minutes are free.\n\n## If your business or premises change\n\nYour business rates could change if:\n\n- you move or make changes to your premises\n\n- the nature of your business changes\n\n- you sublet part of your property\n\n- you merge 2 or more properties into 1\n\nYou must report any changes to ensure you\u2019re paying the right amount and do not get a backdated increase in your bill.\n\nReport changes using the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) service in England or Wales.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\n## If your premises are affected by local disruption\n\nYou may get a temporary reduction in your business rates if your premises are affected by severe local disruption (like flooding, building or roadworks).\n\nReport changes using the VOA service.\n\n## Working at home\n\nYou do not usually have to pay business rates for home-based businesses if you:\n\n- use a small part of your home for your business, for example if you use a bedroom as an office\n\n- sell goods by post\n\nYou may need to pay business rates as well as Council Tax if:\n\n- your property is part business and part domestic, for example if you live above your shop\n\n- you sell goods or services to people who visit your property\n\n- you employ other people to work at your property\n\n- you\u2019ve made changes to your home for your business, for example converted a garage to a hairdresser\u2019s\n\nContact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) to find out if you should be paying business rates. In Scotland, contact your local assessor.\n\n## Pubs and licensed trade\n\nIn England and Wales, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) works out your rateable value based on the annual level of trade (excluding VAT) that a pub is expected to achieve if operated in a reasonably efficient way.\n\nThis is called \u2018fair maintainable trade\u2019 and it\u2019s based on:\n\n- the type of pub or licensed premises\n\n- the area it\u2019s in\n\n- the services it offers, for example food, gaming, or sports screenings\n\nThe VOA also looks at rents and turnovers to work out the fair maintainable trade figure, then applies a percentage to work out the rateable value.\n\nThe percentages are agreed with the British Beer and Pub Association and they\u2019re in the VOA\u2019s pub guide.\n\nYou can read more about how the VOA values pubs and other licensed premises for business rates.\n\nContact the VOA if you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used.\n\nYou can also find and check your business rates valuation online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide details of turnover (excluding VAT) for all sources, such as liquor, food and gaming.\n\nYou can also use the online contact VOA service.\n\n## Scotland\n\nIn Scotland, your local assessor works out your rateable value.\n\nIf you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used, contact your local assessor.\n\n## Self-catering and holiday let accommodation\n\nIf your property is in England and available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year, it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates.\n\nIf your property is in Wales it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates if it\u2019s both:\n\n- available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year\n\n- actually let for 70 days\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland.\n\nThe Valuation Office will work out the rateable value of your property based on its type, size, location, quality and how much income you\u2019re likely to make from letting it.\n\nIf you only let one property and its rateable value is less than \u00a315,000 you may be eligible for small business rate relief.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My sister has been working online from her house during the covid pandemic. She has now decided to keep on working from home till the end of next year.", + "original_question": "Does she qualify to pay business rates?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1580", + "question": "Scenario: I want to invest in stocks and shares inorder to build my financial independent future. I would like to be mindful of tax obligation. To grow my funds efficiently.\n\nQuestion: Is there a way i can buy shares Tax free?\n\nDocument - Tax when you buy shares:\n## Overview\n\nWhen you buy shares, you usually pay a tax or duty of 0.5% on the transaction.\n\nIf you buy:\n\n- shares electronically, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT)\n\n- shares using a stock transfer form, you\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty if the transaction is over \u00a31,000\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay tax at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.\n\nYou pay tax on the price you pay for the shares, even if their actual market value is much higher.\n\n## Transactions you pay tax on\n\nYou pay tax when you buy:\n\n- existing shares in a company incorporated in the UK\n\n- an option to buy shares\n\n- an interest in shares, for example an interest in the money from selling them\n\n- shares in a foreign company that has a share register in the UK\n\n- rights arising from shares, for example rights you have when new shares are issued\n\n## When you do not pay tax\n\nYou do not have to pay tax if you:\n\n- are given shares for nothing\n\n- subscribe to a new issue of shares in a company\n\n- buy shares in an \u2018open ended investment company\u2019 (OEIC) from the fund manager\n\n- buy units in a unit trust from the fund manager\n\nYou do not normally have to pay Stamp Duty or SDRT if you buy foreign shares outside the UK. But you may have to pay other taxes.\n\n## When you sell the shares\n\nYou may need to pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell your shares.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nContact Stamp Duty share enquiries for general information about Stamp Duty on shares.\n\nContact Stamp Duty Reserve Tax enquiries if you have questions about Stamp Duty on electronic paperless share transactions.\n\nYou can also get professional help (for example, from a tax adviser) with your tax.\n\n## Buying shares electronically\n\nYou\u2019ll pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) if you buy shares electronically through the \u2018CREST\u2019 system (a computerised register of shares and shareowners).\n\nThe tax is taken automatically when you buy the shares, so you do not need to do anything else about your tax.\n\nSDRT is charged at 0.5% when you buy shares electronically.\n\nIf you do not pay cash for your shares but give something else of value to buy them, you pay SDRT based on the value of what you gave.\n\nIf you\u2019re given shares for nothing, you do not have to pay any tax.\n\n## Buying shares \u2018off-market\u2019\n\nYou must also pay SDRT on \u2018off-market\u2019 transactions. This is when shares are transferred outside CREST.\n\n## How to pay\n\nTax is not deducted automatically when you buy shares off-market.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) a written notice with details of the transaction.\n\nIf you do not pay on time, you\u2019ll be charged interest from the due date until the date you pay. You may also get a penalty.\n\n## Buying shares using a stock transfer form\n\nYou must pay Stamp Duty on your shares if:\n\n- you buy shares through a stock transfer form\n\n- the transaction is over \u00a31,000\n\nYou pay 0.5% duty, which will be rounded up to the nearest \u00a35.\n\nFor shares under \u00a31,000, you will not need to pay anything.\n\n## Get a stock transfer form\n\nYou can get a stock transfer form from:\n\n- a broker\n\n- a lawyer or an accountant who deals in shares\n\nYou can also download a stock transfer form from the internet.\n\nFind out what you need to include in a stock transfer form.\n\n## Send the transfer form to HMRC and pay Stamp Duty\n\nYou must send a copy of your stock transfer form to the Stamp Office within 30 days of it being signed and dated.\n\nEmail an electronic version or a scan of your paper form to stampdutymailbox@hmrc.gov.uk.\n\nIf you cannot email your stock transfer form, send a photocopy by post. You must keep the original signed document for your records.\n\nThere is a different address to send a stock transfer form by courier.\n\nYou must also pay the Stamp Duty within 30 days of the stock transfer form being signed and dated.\n\nYou may get a penalty if you do not pay on time.\n\n## Special share arrangements\n\nYou pay Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT) or Stamp Duty at 1.5% if you transfer shares into some \u2018depositary receipt schemes\u2019 or \u2018clearance services\u2019.\n\nThis is when the shares are transferred to a service operated by a third party (for example, a bank). The shares can then be traded free of Stamp Duty or SDRT.\n\nNot all of these schemes work like this. Sometimes the higher rate is not charged and you pay Stamp Duty or SDRT in the normal way. Check the details of your scheme with your stockbroker.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-buy-shares", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to invest in stocks and shares inorder to build my financial independent future. I would like to be mindful of tax obligation. To grow my funds efficiently.", + "original_question": "Is there a way i can buy shares Tax free?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1582", + "question": "Scenario: I run a restaurant and to motivate my staffs i give them small gifts vouchers ,pay their telephone bills , organise employee of the month award.\n\nQuestion: Should i include all these expenses in PAYE settlement agreement?\n\nDocument - PAYE Settlement Agreements:\n## Overview\n\nA PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) allows you to make one annual payment to cover all the tax and National Insurance due on minor, irregular or impracticable expenses or benefits for your employees.\n\nIf you get a PSA for these items you will not need to:\n\n- put them through your payroll to work out tax and National Insurance\n\n- include them in your end-of-year P11D forms\n\n- pay Class 1A National Insurance on them at the end of the tax year (you pay Class 1B National Insurance as part of your PSA instead)\n\nSome employee expenses are covered by exemptions (which have replaced dispensations). This means you will not have to include them in your end-of-year reports.\n\n## What's included\n\nThe expenses or benefits you include in a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) must be minor, irregular or impracticable.\n\n## Minor\n\nExamples of minor benefits and expenses include:\n\n- incentive awards, for example for long-service\n\n- telephone bills\n\n- small gifts and vouchers\n\n- staff entertainment, for example a ticket to an event\n\n- non-business expenses while travelling overnight on business that are over the daily limit\n\nYou do not need to include trivial benefits in your PSA.\n\n## Irregular\n\nIrregular benefits and expenses are things that are not paid at regular intervals over the course of a tax year, for example weekly or monthly. They\u2019re also things that employees do not have a contractual right to. Examples of irregular expenses and benefits include:\n\n- relocation expenses over \u00a38,000 (these are tax-free below \u00a38,000)\n\n- the cost of attending overseas conferences\n\n- expenses of a spouse accompanying an employee abroad\n\n- use of a company holiday flat\n\n## Impracticable\n\nImpracticable expenses and benefits are things that are difficult to place a value on or divide up between individual employees. Examples of impracticable expenses and benefits include:\n\n- staff entertainment that is not exempt from tax or National Insurance Contributions\n\n- shared cars\n\n- personal care expenses, for example hairdressing\n\n## What\u2019s not included\n\nYou cannot include wages, high-value benefits like company cars, or cash payments such as:\n\n- bonuses\n\n- round sum allowances\n\n- beneficial loans in a PSA\n\nIf you apply after the start of the tax year, there are extra restrictions on what you can include.\n\n## How to get a PSA\n\n- Write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Business Tax and Customs describing the expenses and benefits you want the PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) to cover.\n\n- Once they\u2019ve agreed on what can be included, they\u2019ll send you 2 draft copies of form P626. Sign and return both copies. HMRC will authorise your request and send back a form - this is your PSA.\n\n- You\u2019ll need to report anything that cannot be included separately using form P11D. You do not need to send a P11D if you\u2019re paying employees\u2019 expenses and benefits through your payroll.\n\n- Use form PSA1 to help you calculate the overall amount you\u2019ll need to pay. If you do not, HMRC will calculate the amount. You\u2019ll be charged more if this happens.\n\n- Send the completed form to HMRC as soon as possible after the end of the tax year. They\u2019ll get in touch with you before 19 October following the tax year that the PSA covers to confirm the total tax and National Insurance you need to pay.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give an agent a signed letter of authority to make a PSA on your behalf if they do not have authorisation to do so.\n\nContact the HMRC employer helpline for advice on getting and calculating your PSA.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe agreement will continue until either you or HMRC cancels it or you need to change it. You do not need to renew the PSA each tax year.\n\n## Deadlines and payment\n\nThe deadline for applying for a PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA) is 5 July following the first tax year it applies to.\n\n## When to pay\n\nYou must pay any tax and National Insurance owed under a PSA by 22 October after the tax year the PSA applies to (19 October if you pay by post).\n\nYou may be fined or charged interest if you do not pay or your payment is late.\n\n## What to pay when the PSA is first approved\n\nIf HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) approves your PSA before the start of a tax year, you can include any expenses and benefits contained in the agreement.\n\nIf they approve it after the start of the tax year, you might need to report some items separately.\n\n## If your PSA is approved before 6 April\n\nYou must use form P11D to report expenses and benefits provided before the agreement date that you:\n\n- have already included in your employee\u2019s tax code\n\n- included (or should have included) in your employee\u2019s PAYE tax and National Insurance deductions\n\n## If your PSA is approved between 6 April and 5 July\n\nYou must use form P11D to report expenses and benefits provided during the tax year that you:\n\n- have already included in your employee\u2019s tax code\n\n- included (or should have included) in your employee\u2019s PAYE tax and National Insurance deductions\n\n## Change or cancel a PSA\n\nTo change the items covered by your PAYE Settlement Agreement (PSA), send details of the changes to the office that issued it. HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you a revised P626 that you need to sign and return.\n\n## Cancel a PSA\n\nTo cancel your PSA, fill in the return slip section of the P626 and send it to HMRC.\n\nHMRC will cancel your PSA on the date you put on the return slip.\n\nYou need to report any outstanding tax and National Insurance Contributions (NICs) due on benefits and expenses using forms P11D and PSA1.\n\nYou need to pay any outstanding tax and NICs by 22 October after the tax year the PSA applies to (19 October if you pay by post).\n\nYou need to pay any NICs owed on expenses or benefits listed on the P11D form by 22 July after the tax year it applies to (19 July if you pay by post).\n\nIf you continue providing benefits after you\u2019ve cancelled your PSA, you need to either:\n\n- report them on a P11D form\n\n- put them through payroll\n\nYou can pay any tax or NICs due via PAYE.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-settlement-agreements", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a restaurant and to motivate my staffs i give them small gifts vouchers ,pay their telephone bills , organise employee of the month award.", + "original_question": "Should i include all these expenses in PAYE settlement agreement?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1584", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle owns a pub and unfortunately there are two adjacent pub owners who have conversed to set their prices very low to attract more customers. This price fixing strategy has caused a lot of distress to my uncle and he is on the verge of closing his pub.\n\nQuestion: Can he report these two pub owners?\n\nDocument - Avoid and report anti-competitive activity:\n## Overview\n\nAll businesses, whatever their size, must understand how they\u2019re affected by competition law.\n\nYou must follow the rules on all types of anti-competitive activity including:\n\n- price fixing, bid rigging and other ways of agreeing not to compete (sometimes called \u2018cartels\u2019)\n\n- abuse of a dominant market position\n\nYou should manage the risk of breaking the law, for example by having clear policies, guidelines and training for your staff.\n\nYou can report anti-competitive activity if you think another business is breaking the law, or if you might have been involved yourself.\n\n## If you\u2019re involved in anti-competitive activity\n\nYour business can be fined up to 10% of its worldwide turnover and sued for damages.\n\nYou can be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years if you\u2019re found guilty of being involved in cartel activity.\n\nCompany directors can be disqualified from being a director for up to 15 years.\n\nGet legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme if you think something your business is doing might break the law.\n\n## Types of anti-competitive activity\n\nYou must avoid all types of anti-competitive activity in your business including:\n\n- agreeing not to compete with another business\n\n- abusing a dominant position\n\nYou can report anti-competitive activity if you see it.\n\n## Agreeing not to compete with another business (\u2018cartels\u2019)\n\nIf 2 or more businesses agree not to compete with each other in certain ways, it\u2019s called a \u2018cartel\u2019.\n\nThe rules on cartels apply to businesses of any size.\n\nRules about cartels cover:\n\n- price fixing\n\n- bid rigging\n\n- sharing markets or customers\n\n- sharing commercially sensitive information\n\nAn agreement does not have to be in writing for it to be illegal. You can break the law if you have an informal conversation (or \u2018gentleman\u2019s agreement\u2019) with another business, even if the agreement is not carried out.\n\nYou can work with other businesses without breaking competition law. Get legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme if you need to, and make sure you manage any risks.\n\n## Price fixing\n\nYou must not discuss the prices you\u2019re going to charge your customers with your competitors.\n\nYou\u2019ll be breaking the law if you agree with another business:\n\n- to charge the same prices to your customers\n\n- to offer discounts or increase your prices at the same time\n\n- to charge the same fees to intermediaries, for example retailers selling your products\n\n## Bid rigging\n\nYou cannot discuss bids for a contract tender with your competitors. Bid rigging includes:\n\n- agreeing with your competitors how much you\u2019ll bid for a contract or share information about your bid\n\n- taking turns to win contracts\n\n- asking other businesses to bid when they do not want the contract (called \u2018cover bids\u2019)\n\n- paying other businesses not to bid or when you win a tender\n\n- agreeing with other businesses not to bid or to withdrawing your bid\n\n## Market sharing\n\nYou cannot agree with other businesses to share markets or customers. You\u2019ll be breaking competition law if you agree with another business:\n\n- not to approach each other\u2019s customers\n\n- not to compete with them for customers, for example in specific locations\n\n## Sharing information\n\nYou cannot share information with other businesses that might reduce competition between you, for example information about:\n\n- prices\n\n- production\n\n- your suppliers, customers or contractors\n\n- the markets you sell or plan to sell to\n\nThis includes sharing information through a third party, for example a trade association.\n\n## Abusing a dominant position\n\nYour business might have a \u2018dominant position\u2019 in the market if:\n\n- it has more than a 40% market share\n\n- it\u2019s not affected by normal competitive restraints\n\nYou might be abusing your dominant position if you\u2019re unfair to your customers or other businesses, for example you:\n\n- treat customers differently, for example by offering different prices or terms to similar customers\n\n- make customers buy products they do not want, for example forcing them to take warranties for electrical products\n\n- charge low prices that do not cover your costs so you drive out competitors\n\nIf you think you have a dominant market position, get legal advice or contact the Competition Pro Bono Scheme to find out what you can and cannot do.\n\n## Other anti-competitive activities\n\nYou must avoid other activities that break competition law, eg:\n\n- buying or selling jointly with your competitors\n\n- agreeing with your competitors to reduce production of something to raise its market value\n\n- restricting how much other businesses can sell your product for\n\n- agreeing with your competitors not to sell to certain customers or deal with certain suppliers\n\n- having long-term exclusive contracts with any customers or suppliers\n\n## Manage risk\n\nThe people who run your business are responsible for ensuring it does not break competition law. You should:\n\n- work out where your business is at risk and how serious any risks are\n\n- set up policies, guidelines and training for your staff if you need to\n\nYour business can still be given a penalty and sued for damages even if your senior managers did not know about the illegal activity.\n\n## Work out if your business is at risk\n\nYou\u2019re more likely to be at risk if:\n\n- you or your employees have contact with your competitors, for example at conferences or trade association meetings\n\n- your employees regularly move to or from jobs with your competitors\n\n- you have partnerships with your competitors, for example joint buying or selling\n\n- you have any long-term exclusive contracts with any customers or suppliers\n\n- your business has a dominant position in any market where you do business\n\n## Set up policies, guidelines and training\n\nYou should ask a senior member of staff, for example a director, to make sure your employees know how to avoid and report anti-competitive behaviour.\n\nThere\u2019s further guidance from the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) on reducing the risk of your business breaking the law.\n\n## Report anti-competitive activity\n\nThe way you report anti-competitive activity depends on the type of activity.\n\n## Report a cartel\n\nA cartel is where two or more businesses agree not to compete with each other, for example by sharing a market or fixing prices.\n\nContact the Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) cartels hotline if you:\n\n- know about a cartel\n\n- have been involved in one\n\nYou may:\n\n- get a financial reward for information that leads to an investigation\n\n- be treated with leniency if you report a cartel you\u2019ve been involved with\n\n## Report other anti-competitive activity\n\nTell the CMA if you have concerns about anti-competitive activity. Email general.enquiries@cma.gov.uk with the following information:\n\n- your contact details\n\n- the business you have concerns about and a description of the issue along with any supporting evidence\n\n- the market area according to the UK Standard Classification Index\n\n- details of any other organisations you have contacted\n\nIf you want help with a consumer problem, contact Citizens Advice (or the Financial Conduct Authority for consumer credit-related issues).\n\n## Report your concerns to an industry regulator\n\nYou can also report concerns about anti-competitive activity in certain sectors to a regulator. These are:\n\n- Civil Aviation Authority for airports and air traffic services\n\n- Financial Conduct Authority for financial services in the UK\n\n- Monitor for health services in England\n\n- Ofcom for television, radio, telephone, postal and internet services\n\n- Ofgem for gas and electricity in England, Wales and Scotland\n\n- Ofwat for water and sewage services in England and Wales\n\n- Office of Road and Rail for railways in England, Wales and Scotland\n\n- Payment Systems Regulator for payment systems in the UK\n\n- Utility Regulator for gas, electricity, water and sewerage in Northern Ireland", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/cartels-price-fixing", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle owns a pub and unfortunately there are two adjacent pub owners who have conversed to set their prices very low to attract more customers. This price fixing strategy has caused a lot of distress to my uncle and he is on the verge of closing his pub.", + "original_question": "Can he report these two pub owners?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1585", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle owns a pub and has several fruit machines inside which entertains his customers and makes them gamble as they drink alcohol.\n\nQuestion: Should he register and pay Machine Game duty?\n\nDocument - Machine Games Duty:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) if there are machines that give cash prizes on your premises. You pay duty on:\n\n- slot and fruit machines, and other gaming machines\n\n- quiz machines and other \u2018skill with prize\u2019 machines\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou do not pay it on machines where the prize is less than the cost to play, or on takings from charity events, tournaments, lottery machines or if the machine is for domestic use.\n\nYour takings from machine games will be exempt from VAT if you pay MGD.\n\nIf you\u2019re responsible for MGD you\u2019ll need to register, send regular returns, pay duty and keep records.\n\n## Who\u2019s responsible for registering and paying\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility if you hold any of the following licences:\n\n- premises licence, for example for gambling or alcohol\n\n- family entertainment centre gaming machine permit\n\n- club premises certificate, a club gaming permit or club machine permit\n\n- prize gaming permit or amusement permit\n\n- registration certificate including a club registration certificate\n\n- bookmaking office licence or bingo club licence\n\n- licence to sell alcohol in Northern Ireland\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re the tenant of a pub. You\u2019re responsible for MGD, not the premises licence owner (usually the pub\u2019s owner). When you stop being the tenant, you need to cancel your registration.\n\nYou are not responsible for MGD if you supply the machines, unless you also hold the licence or permit for the premises.\n\nIf your premises does not have a licence, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will ask someone else, usually the manager or owner, to register and pay the duty.\n\nYou may have to pay a penalty if you do not register when you should.\n\n## Register\n\nRegister for Machine Games Duty (MGD) at least 14 days before you make your machines available to play.\n\nYou register by adding MGD to your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) account. If you do not have one (or only have an account for personal tax), create an account as an organisation.\n\nTo register for MGD, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- any licence or permit numbers for your premises\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR), if you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment or Corporation Tax\n\n- your VAT number, if you\u2019re registered for VAT\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- to know how many machines you have\n\n- your accountant\u2019s MGD agent reference number and postcode, if you want them to file returns on your behalf\n\nRegister now\n\n## After you\u2019ve registered\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep accurate records to show:\n\n- how you worked out the figures for your return\n\n- that the amount you\u2019ve paid is correct\n\nKeep your records for 4 years as HMRC might ask to see them.\n\n## If you want to file paper returns\n\nFill in and send the registration form if you want to file paper returns.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nYou pay Machine Games Duty (MGD) on the total net takings from your machine games.\n\nThis is what you charge to play the games minus the amount you pay as winnings, including non-cash prizes.\n\nYou do not pay it on takings from charity events, tournaments, lottery machines or if the machine is for domestic use.\n\n## MGD rates\n\n| | Cost to play | Prize | Rate you pay |\n\n| Machine type 1 - lower rate | 20 pence or less | \u00a310 or less | 5% |\n\n| Machine type 2 - standard rate | 21 pence to \u00a35 | \u00a311 or more | 20% |\n\n| All other machine types - higher rate | More than \u00a35 | Any | 25% |\n\nIf your machine has more than one type of game, you pay the rate for the highest rated game on all takings from the machine.\n\n## File your return\n\nYou must file a Machine Games Duty (MGD) return every 3 months.\n\nYour return is due within 30 days of the end of the accounting period. You\u2019ll get a reminder if you included your email address when you registered online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- records of your total net takings from machine games\n\n- details of how you worked out the figures\n\nYou still fill in a return even if you do not owe anything, or your business has not traded during this accounting period. This can be for any reason, including if you\u2019ve closed because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Enter \u20180\u2019 in all boxes.\n\nFile your return\n\n## If you chose to file using paper forms\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you paper forms when your return is due. If you do not receive them, contact the helpline.\n\n## After you\u2019ve filed your return\n\nPay your Machine Games Duty bill within 30 days of the end of your accounting period.\n\nYou may have to pay a penalty if your return or payment is late. HMRC can also charge you an estimate of what you owe.\n\n## Change your details\n\nSign in to the Machine Games Duty (MGD) service to:\n\n- change your contact address or other details\n\n- cancel your registration if you\u2019ve stopped trading, no longer have machine games or want to be registered as part of a group of companies\n\n- add, change or remove an authorised agent to file returns for you\n\nYou can also contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by phone or post. You\u2019ll need to tell them your registration number.\n\n## Switch to file online instead of sending paper returns\n\nIf you already have an HMRC online account, sign in to add the MGD service.\n\nOtherwise, register for an HMRC account and sign up for MGD.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/machine-game-duty", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle owns a pub and has several fruit machines inside which entertains his customers and makes them gamble as they drink alcohol.", + "original_question": "Should he register and pay Machine Game duty?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1586", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle owns a delivery company and has been diagnosed with a terminal bowel cancer. He does not wish to continue running it since it not viable It has no pending debts.\n\nQuestion: Can he voluntarily liquidate the business?\n\nDocument - Liquidate your limited company:\n## Overview\n\nYou can choose to liquidate your limited company (also called \u2018winding up\u2019 a company).\n\nThe company will stop doing business and employing people. The company will not exist once it\u2019s been removed (\u2018struck off\u2019) from the companies register at Companies House.\n\nWhen you liquidate a company, its assets are used to pay off its debts. Any money left goes to shareholders. You\u2019ll need a validation order to access your company bank account.\n\nIf that money has not been shared between the shareholders by the time the company is removed from the register, it will go to the state.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to restore your company to claim back money after it\u2019s been removed from the register.\n\nThere are 3 types of liquidation:\n\n- creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation - your company cannot pay its debts and you involve your creditors when you liquidate it\n\n- compulsory liquidation - your company cannot pay its debts and you apply to the courts to liquidate it\n\n- members\u2019 voluntary liquidation - your company can pay its debts but you want to close it\n\nYour company may be forced into liquidation if it cannot pay its debts.\n\n## Arrange liquidation with your creditors\n\nA director can propose a company stops trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if:\n\n- the company cannot pay its debts (it\u2019s \u2018insolvent\u2019)\n\n- enough shareholders agree\n\n## Get shareholders\u2019 agreement\n\nYou must call a meeting of shareholders and ask them to vote.\n\n75% (by value of shares) of shareholders must agree to the winding-up to pass a \u2018winding-up resolution\u2019.\n\nOnce the resolution is made there are 3 steps you must follow.\n\n- Appoint an authorised insolvency practitioner as liquidator to take charge of liquidating the company. You can find an insolvency practitioner online.\n\n- Send the resolution to Companies House within 15 days.\n\n- Advertise the resolution in The Gazette within 14 days.\n\nYour responsibilities as a director will change.\n\n## Apply directly to the court\n\nA director can ask a court to order the company to stop trading and be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019).\n\nThis is known as \u2018compulsory liquidation\u2019.\n\nYou need to show the court that:\n\n- the company cannot pay its debts of \u00a3750 or more\n\n- 75% (by value of shares) of shareholders agree that the court can wind up the company\n\nYour company can be based anywhere but must carry out most of its business in England, Scotland and Wales.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFill in a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019 (form Comp 1) and send it to the court with:\n\n- form Comp 2 confirming the details of your petition\n\n- the winding-up resolution from the shareholders\n\nWhere you send the petition depends on how much \u2018paid-up share capital\u2019 your company has. You can find this on the Companies House register.\n\n## Your paid-up share capital is \u00a3120,000 or more\n\nSubmit the petition online. It\u2019ll go to the High Court.\n\n## Your paid-up share capital is under \u00a3120,000\n\nFind your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy.\n\nSubmit the petition online if it\u2019s one of these courts:\n\n- Admiralty and Commercial Court\n\n- Chancery Division\n\n- Companies Court\n\n- High Court (including Bankruptcy Court)\n\n- London Mercantile Court\n\n- Rolls Building\n\nIf it was another court you\u2019ll need to submit the petition by post.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a31,600 to submit the petition\n\n- \u00a3280 for the court hearing\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll get a date for the hearing if the court accepts your petition.\n\nBefore the court hearing, you must:\n\n- give (\u2018serve\u2019) a copy of the petition to your company - fill in a certificate of service to let the court know you\u2019ve done this\n\n- put an advert in The Gazette at least 7 days before the hearing\n\n- send a copy of the advert and the certificate of service to the court\n\n## The court hearing\n\nYou or your solicitor must be at the court hearing. You do not have to give any evidence.\n\nIf the court gives a winding-up order, the court will put an official receiver in charge of the liquidation. They\u2019ll start liquidating your company. A copy of the winding-up order will be sent to your company\u2019s registered office.\n\nYour role as a director will change.\n\n## Liquidate a company you do not want to run anymore\n\nYou may choose members\u2019 voluntary liquidation if your company is \u2018solvent\u2019 (can pay its debts) and one of the following applies:\n\n- you want to retire\n\n- you want to step down from the family business and nobody else wants to run it\n\n- you do not want to run the business any more\n\nTo pass a resolution for members\u2019 voluntary liquidation, you must:\n\n- make a \u2018Declaration of solvency\u2019 - English and Welsh companies\n\n- ask the Accountant in Bankruptcy for form 4.25 (Scot) - Scottish companies\n\nYou\u2019ll need to review the company\u2019s assets and liabilities just before making the declaration.\n\n## Make a declaration of solvency\n\nWrite a statement saying that the directors have assessed the company and believe it can pay its debts, with interest at the official rate. You should also include:\n\n- the name and address of the company\n\n- the names and addresses of the company\u2019s directors\n\n- how long it will take the company to pay its debts - this must be no longer than 12 months from when the company\u2019s liquidated\n\nYou also need to include the statement of the company\u2019s assets and liabilities.\n\n## After you\u2019ve signed the declaration or form\n\nThere are 5 further steps to members\u2019 voluntary liquidation.\n\n- Sign the declaration or form 4.25 (Scot) - it must be signed by the majority of directors in front of a solicitor or \u2018notary public\u2019.\n\n- Call a general meeting with shareholders no more than 5 weeks later and pass a resolution for voluntary winding up.\n\n- At the meeting appoint an authorised insolvency practitioner as a liquidator who will take charge of winding up the company. You can find an insolvency practitioner online.\n\n- Advertise the resolution in The Gazette within 14 days.\n\n- Send your signed declaration to Companies House or form 4.25 (Scot) to the Accountant in Bankruptcy (for Scottish companies) within 15 days of passing the resolution.\n\nWhen the liquidator is appointed they take control of the company. Your responsibilities as a director will change.\n\n## What the liquidator does\n\nThe liquidator is an authorised insolvency practitioner or official receiver who runs the liquidation process.\n\nAs soon as the liquidator is appointed, they\u2019ll take control of the business.\n\nThey will:\n\n- settle any legal disputes or outstanding contracts\n\n- sell off the company\u2019s assets and use any money to pay creditors\n\n- meet deadlines for paperwork and keep authorities informed\n\n- pay liquidation costs and the final VAT bill\n\n- keep creditors informed and involve them in decisions where necessary\n\n- make payments to creditors\n\n- interview the directors and report on what went wrong in the business\n\n- get the company removed from the companies register\n\nIn a creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation, the liquidator acts in the interest of the creditors not the directors.\n\n## What happens to directors\n\nWhen a liquidator is appointed, directors:\n\n- no longer have control of the company or anything it owns\n\n- cannot act for or on behalf of the company\n\nIf you\u2019re a director you must:\n\n- give the liquidator any information about the company they ask for\n\n- hand over the company\u2019s assets, records and paperwork\n\n- allow the liquidator to interview you, if they ask\n\nYou can be banned from being a director for 2 to 15 years or prosecuted if the liquidator decides your conduct was unfit.\n\n## Re-using company names\n\nIf you were a director of a company in compulsory liquidation or creditors\u2019 voluntary liquidation, you\u2019ll be banned for 5 years from forming, managing or promoting any business with the same or similar name to your liquidated company. This includes the company\u2019s registered name and any trading names (if it had any).\n\nThe only exceptions to this are where:\n\n- the business is sold by a licensed insolvency practitioner giving the legally required notice\n\n- you get the court\u2019s permission to use the name\n\n- you\u2019re involved with another company that\u2019s been using the same name as the liquidated company for at least a year\n\nRead the guidance on re-using company names.\n\n## Access to your bank account\n\nYour company\u2019s bank account will be frozen when someone files a petition to wind up the company.\n\nYou need a validation order to access it.\n\n## How to apply for a validation order\n\nTell the person who filed the winding-up petition (the respondent) you\u2019re applying for a validation order. You must also tell them what court you\u2019ll apply to (usually the Companies Court) and when you\u2019ll apply.\n\nFill in Form IAA and write a witness statement. Take the form and the statement to the court.\n\nYou need to pay a \u00a3155 fee.\n\n## What happens after you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a hearing on the same day or within the next few days.\n\nAt the hearing, you present your case to a registrar or district judge.\n\nThe respondent will present their case if they object to you getting a validation order.\n\nAt the end of the hearing you\u2019ll either:\n\n- get a decision - you\u2019ll also get a written copy sent to you\n\n- be asked to attend another hearing if the court wants more evidence\n\nYou\u2019ll be given the validation order if your application is successful. You must give your bank a copy of this to access your company\u2019s bank account.\n\nIf you do not agree with the decision you may be able to appeal to the Chancery Division of the High Court.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/liquidate-your-company", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle owns a delivery company and has been diagnosed with a terminal bowel cancer. He does not wish to continue running it since it not viable It has no pending debts.", + "original_question": "Can he voluntarily liquidate the business?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1587", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle owns a pub and loves to ensure that he sells his customers with standard drinks as set by government guidelines . Using the right measuring bottles and glasses.\n\nQuestion: Can he get penalised if he does not use specified quantities?\n\nDocument - Weights and measures: the law:\n## Units of measurement\n\nYou must use metric measurements (grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres) when selling packaged or loose goods in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nThere are different rules in Northern Ireland.\n\nThe only products you can sell in imperial measures are:\n\n- draught beer or cider by pint\n\n- milk in returnable containers by pint\n\n- precious metals by troy ounce\n\nYou can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.\n\n## Specified quantities\n\nSome goods must be sold in fixed sizes known as \u2018specified quantities\u2019.\n\n## Alcohol\n\nThere are different rules depending on whether you\u2019re selling by the glass or bottle.\n\n## By the glass\n\n| | Measures |\n\n| Still wine | 125ml, 175ml, multiples of 125ml and 175ml |\n\n| Port, sherry or other fortified wine | 50ml, 70ml, multiples of 50ml or 70ml |\n\n| Gin, rum, vodka and whisky | Either 25ml and multiples of 25ml, or 35ml and multiples of 35ml (not both on the same premises) |\n\n| Draught beer and cider | Third, half, two-thirds of a pint and multiples of half a pint |\n\nThere are no specified quantities for sparkling wine or yellow wine by the glass or spirits other than gin, rum, vodka and whisky.\n\n## Packaged in bottles, boxes or similar\n\n| | Volume by millilitre (ml) |\n\n| Still wine | 100, 187, 250, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 |\n\n| Yellow wine | 620 |\n\n| Sparkling wine | 125, 200, 375, 750, 1500 |\n\n| Fortified wine | 100, 200, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 |\n\n| Spirit drinks | 100, 200, 350, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 1750, 2000 |\n\nYou can sell packaged alcohol in any volume if it\u2019s below the minimum or above the maximum allowed for specified quantities.\n\n| | Minimum (ml) | Maximum (ml) |\n\n| Still wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Yellow wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Sparkling wine | 125 | 1500 |\n\n| Fortified wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Spirit drinks | 100 | 2000 |\n\nThere are no specified quantities for packaged beer or cider.\n\n## Solid fuel\n\nYou can sell sealed bags of solid fuel in any size you wish but if you\u2019re selling it loose, you can only sell it in quantities of:\n\n- 25kg\n\n- 50kg\n\n- multiples of 50kg\n\n## Packaged goods\n\nPackaged goods are products that are all of these:\n\n- sold sealed\n\n- between 5g and 25kg or 5ml and 25 litres\n\n- the same weight or volume as other products of the same type\n\nThere are 2 ways to pack your products.\n\n## Minimum system\n\nYou can pack your products so that they contain at least the quantity displayed on the label. The packages can contain more than the label says, but not less.\n\n## Average system\n\nYou can pack your products to an average measurement that is on the label. You must check your packages to make sure a random sample is packed to meet all these rules - known as the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules\u2019:\n\n- the contents of the packages must not be less, on average, than the weight on the label\n\n- only a small number can fall below a certain margin of error, known as the \u2018tolerable negative error\u2019 (TNE)\n\n- no package can be underweight by more than twice the TNE\n\n| Quantity in grams and millilitres | TNE as % of quantity | TNE in grams or millilitres |\n\n| 5 to 50 | 9 | n/a |\n\n| 50 to 100 | n/a | 4.5 |\n\n| 100 to 200 | 4.5 | n/a |\n\n| 200 to 300 | n/a | 9 |\n\n| 300 to 500 | 3 | n/a |\n\n| 500 to 1,000 | n/a | 15 |\n\n| 1,000 to 10,000 | 1.5 | n/a |\n\n| 10,000 to 15,000 | n/a | 150 |\n\n| more than 15,000 | 1 | n/a |\n\nIf you\u2019re calculating the TNE as a percentage of the quantity, you must round up the weight or volume to the nearest 0.10 of a gram or millilitre.\n\nContact your local Trading Standards office for help with packing to the average system.\n\nRead the \u2018Weights and Measures (Packaged Goods) 2006\u2019 guidance for business for more information.\n\nYou must make sure packaged goods you\u2019re producing or importing are packed and labelled correctly.\n\nYou can be fined or sent to prison if you break the rules.\n\n## Equipment and records\n\n## Equipment for packaged goods\n\nThe equipment you use to weigh or measure your packaged goods has to be suitable. There are no hard and fast rules about what equipment you should use but you cannot use domestic scales to weigh goods you intend to sell.\n\nYour local Trading Standards office will tell you what is suitable equipment for your business sector.\n\nTrading Standards will check the weights and measures of your goods on your production line to make sure the equipment is accurate.\n\n## Records\n\nYou must keep records if you pack your products using the average system. You must record the results of your sample batches and show that they meet the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules.\n\nYou do not have to keep records if you measure every package or you use the minimum system to pack your products.\n\nYou must keep your records for at least one year from either the date you ship the packages or the \u2018use by\u2019 date on the package - whichever is shorter.\n\nYour local Trading Standards office can advise you about how to keep records.\n\n## Labelling packaged goods\n\nYou must put the weight or volume of your packaged goods on the label.\n\nThe quantity marking must be:\n\n- permanent\n\n- easy to see\n\n- meet a minimum height requirement\n\nYou can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.\n\n## Food\n\nRead the rules about what you must show on packaged food labels.\n\n## Exporting packaged goods\n\nYou must meet the rules for packaged goods in the country you\u2019re exporting to.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle owns a pub and loves to ensure that he sells his customers with standard drinks as set by government guidelines . Using the right measuring bottles and glasses.", + "original_question": "Can he get penalised if he does not use specified quantities?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1588", + "question": "Scenario: I run a B&B and a kitchen which is operated by 3 employees inorder to ensure our business and customers safety, I need to have all my staffs trained on fire safety.\n\nQuestion: Can they be trained on fire evacuation procedure?\n\nDocument - Fire safety in the workplace:\n## Who's responsible\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for fire safety in business or other non-domestic premises if you\u2019re:\n\n- an employer\n\n- the owner\n\n- the landlord\n\n- an occupier\n\n- anyone else with control of the premises, for example a facilities manager, building manager, managing agent or risk assessor\n\nYou\u2019re known as the \u2018responsible person\u2019. If there\u2019s more than one responsible person, you have to work together to meet your responsibilities.\n\nThe Fire Safety Order also applies if you have paying guests, for example if you run a bed and breakfast, guesthouse or let a self-catering property.\n\nFire safety rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Responsibilities\n\nAs the responsible person you must:\n\n- carry out a fire risk assessment of the premises and review it regularly\n\n- tell staff or their representatives about the risks you\u2019ve identified\n\n- put in place, and maintain, appropriate fire safety measures\n\n- plan for an emergency\n\n- provide staff information, fire safety instruction and training\n\nYou can read about how to make sure your premises are safe from fire.\n\n## Non-domestic premises\n\nNon-domestic premises are:\n\n- all workplaces and commercial premises\n\n- all premises the public have access to\n\n- the common areas of multi-occupied residential buildings\n\n## Shared premises\n\nIn shared premises it\u2019s likely there\u2019ll be more than one responsible person. You\u2019ll need to co-ordinate your fire safety plans to make sure people on or around the premises are safe.\n\nFor common or shared areas, the responsible person is the landlord, freeholder or managing agent.\n\n## Alterations, extensions and new buildings\n\nWhen building new premises or doing building work on existing premises, you must comply with building regulations. This includes designing fire safety into the proposed building or extension.\n\nRead the fire safety building regulations.\n\n## Penalties and enforcement\n\nYou could be fined or go to prison if you do not follow fire safety regulations.\n\nLocal fire and rescue authorities inspect premises and can issue fire safety notices telling you about changes you need to make.\n\n## Fire risk assessments\n\nAs the responsible person you must carry out and regularly review a fire risk assessment of the premises. This will identify what you need to do to prevent fire and keep people safe.\n\nYou must keep a written record of your fire risk assessment if your business has 5 or more people.\n\n## Carrying out the assessment\n\n- Identify the fire hazards.\n\n- Identify people at risk.\n\n- Evaluate, remove or reduce the risks.\n\n- Record your findings, prepare an emergency plan and provide training.\n\n- Review and update the fire risk assessment regularly.\n\nThe fire safety risk assessment chart gives more detailed information about these steps.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to consider:\n\n- emergency routes and exits\n\n- fire detection and warning systems\n\n- fire fighting equipment\n\n- the removal or safe storage of dangerous substances\n\n- an emergency fire evacuation plan\n\n- the needs of vulnerable people, for example the elderly, young children or those with disabilities\n\n- providing information to employees and other people on the premises\n\n- staff fire safety training\n\n## Help with the assessment\n\nYou can do the fire risk assessment yourself with the help of standard fire safety risk assessment guides.\n\nIf you do not have the expertise or time to do the fire risk assessment yourself you need to appoint a \u2018competent person\u2019 to help, for example a professional risk assessor.\n\nYour local fire and rescue authority might be able to give you advice if you\u2019re not sure your risk assessment\u2019s been carried out properly. However, they cannot carry out risk assessments for you.\n\n## Assessment guides\n\nYou can download the following guides on risk assessments in:\n\n- offices and shops\n\n- factories and warehouses\n\n- sleeping accommodation\n\n- residential care premises\n\n- educational premises\n\n- small and medium places of assembly (holding 300 people or less)\n\n- large places of assembly (holding more than 300 people)\n\n- theatres, cinemas and similar premises\n\n- open air events and venues\n\n- healthcare premises\n\n- animal premises and stables\n\n- transport premises and facilities\n\nYou can also find guidance on:\n\n- risk assessments if you work in construction\n\n- purpose-built blocks of flats and other types of housing if you\u2019re a landlord\n\n## Fire safety and evacuation plans\n\nYour plan must show how you have:\n\n- a clear passageway to all escape routes\n\n- clearly marked escape routes that are as short and direct as possible\n\n- enough exits and routes for all people to escape\n\n- emergency doors that open easily\n\n- emergency lighting where needed\n\n- training for all employees to know and use the escape routes\n\n- a safe meeting point for staff\n\n## People with mobility needs\n\nYou should also make special arrangements for people with mobility needs, for example make sure there are people to help wheelchair users get downstairs if there\u2019s a fire.\n\n## Fire safety equipment, drills and training\n\n## Fire detection and warning systems\n\nYou must have a fire detection and warning system. You may need different types of detectors, depending on the type of building and the work carried out in it.\n\n## Fire fighting equipment\n\nThe types of equipment you need depend on your business premises. You\u2019ll need to have any equipment properly installed, tested and maintained and train your staff to use them if necessary.\n\n## Maintenance and testing\n\nYou must carry out regular checks to make sure that:\n\n- all fire alarm systems are working\n\n- the emergency lighting is working\n\n- you record any faults in systems and equipment\n\n- all escape routes are clear and the floor is in good condition\n\n- all fire escapes can be opened easily\n\n- automatic fire doors close correctly\n\n- fire exit signs are in the right place\n\n## Fire drills and training\n\nYou need to train new staff when they start work and tell all employees about any new fire risks.\n\nYou should carry out at least one fire drill per year and record the results. You must keep the results as part of your fire safety and evacuation plan.\n\n## Enforcement, appeals and penalties\n\nYour local fire and rescue authority visits premises to check the fire risk assessment and fire prevention measures are appropriate. Fire safety officers should help you understand the rules and comply with them.\n\nThey can also take action if they think your fire safety measures are not adequate. For example, they might issue an informal notice suggesting safety measures.\n\nThey could also give you a formal fire safety notice. They\u2019ll tell you how to fix the problems described in the notice.\n\n## Alterations notice\n\nYou could get an alterations notice if your premises have high safety risks or will have high safety risks if the use of the premises changes.\n\n## Enforcement notice\n\nYou could get an enforcement notice if the fire and rescue authority finds a serious risk that\u2019s not being managed. It will say what improvements are needed by when.\n\n## Prohibition notice\n\nThese take effect immediately if the fire and rescue authority thinks the fire risk is so great that access to your premises needs to be prohibited or restricted.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou may be able to arrange an informal review from your fire and rescue authority if you disagree with the decision to issue a fire safety notice.\n\nYou can appeal to your local magistrates\u2019 court within 21 days of receiving a notice.\n\nIn certain circumstances, you and the fire and rescue authority can ask for a \u2018determination\u2019 from the Home Secretary to resolve a dispute.\n\n## Penalties\n\nYou could be fined or go to prison if you do not follow fire safety regulations.\n\nMinor penalties can be up to \u00a35,000. Major penalties can have unlimited fines and up to 2 years in prison.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-fire-safety-your-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a B&B and a kitchen which is operated by 3 employees inorder to ensure our business and customers safety, I need to have all my staffs trained on fire safety.", + "original_question": "Can they be trained on fire evacuation procedure?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1589", + "question": "Scenario: My aunt signed an agreement with white goods seller to buy a fridge at \u00a3700 . Which was to be paid in two instalments. When she cleared all the payments , the fridge seller changed his mind and demanded more money than the agreed one.\n\nQuestion: Can my aunt file a claim in court for customer rights?\n\nDocument - Avoid unfair terms in sales contracts:\n## Overview\n\nYour standard sales contracts must be \u2018fair\u2019 or you won\u2019t be able to enforce them.\n\nThere are different rules on what\u2019s fair for:\n\n- consumer contracts\n\n- business contracts\n\nYou\u2019re legally responsible for certain situations, eg when goods you sell are faulty. You must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible.\n\nYou have more responsibilities towards consumers than towards other businesses.\n\n## Customers\u2019 rights\n\nYour customers also have implied rights when buying your goods or services, unless the contract legally states otherwise.\n\n## Unfair consumer contracts\n\nYou can\u2019t enforce unfair terms in a consumer contract, or unfair consumer notices (eg signs on a shop wall or in a car park).\n\nYou can never enforce terms or notices that try to avoid your responsibility for:\n\n- death\n\n- injury\n\n- faulty goods\n\n- goods that aren\u2019t as described\n\n- selling goods that aren\u2019t yours to sell\n\nYou might not be able to enforce terms or notices if they try to avoid your responsibility in other ways, eg:\n\n- delays\n\n- unsatisfactory services\n\n- not doing what was agreed\n\nYour contract terms might also be unfair if they weigh the contract significantly in your favour, eg:\n\n- by providing for excessive cancellation charges and automatic loss of all upfront payments\n\n- by creating unbalanced rights, eg being able to cancel a contract at any time, but requiring the customer to give 3 months\u2019 notice\n\n- by allowing you to increase the agreed price at a later date\n\nYour contract won\u2019t be unfair just because it sets a price that\u2019s higher than another business charges.\n\nContracts must be written in plain language to avoid being misleading and unfair.\n\n## If a customer complains\n\nIt\u2019s up to the courts to decide if a term in your contract or wording in your notices is unfair.\n\nYou can be taken to court by the Competition and Markets Authority or a local trading standards office to stop you using unfair terms or notices.\n\nConsumers can also take legal action themselves to challenge unfair terms or notices.\n\nRead the guidance on unfair terms.\n\n## Unfair business contracts\n\nYour standard contract would be unfair if you try to not take responsibility for:\n\n- death or injury - under any circumstances\n\n- losses caused by negligence - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019\n\n- defective or poor quality goods - unless to do so is \u2018reasonable\u2019\n\nYou must not try to claim you\u2019re not responsible for these things.\n\n## What is reasonable\n\nIt\u2019s up to the courts to decide what is reasonable.\n\nCourts will take into account:\n\n- the information available to both parties when the contract was drawn up\n\n- if the contract was negotiated or in standard form\n\n- if the buyer had the bargaining power to negotiate better terms\n\n## Implied and statutory rights\n\nYour customers have implied rights when buying your goods or services.\n\nSome implied rights are also known as \u2018statutory rights\u2019.\n\n## Products\n\nImplied rights mean a product must be:\n\n- as described\n\n- of satisfactory quality, eg safe, in working order, free of defects\n\n- fit for purpose - capable of doing what the customer has asked for\n\nContracts for hiring, hire purchase and part exchange also have these implied rights.\n\nConsumers always have these implied rights when buying goods - the contract can\u2019t legally state otherwise.\n\n## Services\n\nImplied rights mean services must be carried out:\n\n- with reasonable care and skill\n\n- within a reasonable time (if no specific time has been agreed)\n\n- for a reasonable charge (if no exact price has been agreed)\n\nYou\u2019re unlikely to be able to enforce terms in a consumer contract for services if they try to deny a customer\u2019s implied rights.\n\n## Business contracts\n\nYour business customers have implied rights unless the contract legally states otherwise in a way a court would decide is reasonable.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/unfair-terms-in-sales-contracts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My aunt signed an agreement with white goods seller to buy a fridge at \u00a3700 . Which was to be paid in two instalments. When she cleared all the payments , the fridge seller changed his mind and demanded more money than the agreed one.", + "original_question": "Can my aunt file a claim in court for customer rights?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1590", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle owns a take away food kiosk his business has been hit hard by imposed covid restrictions. As the rules are being lifted he want to give the best quality service to his customers. He wants to re train his staff on food safety and hygiene.\n\nQuestion: Is he allowed to do on job training of staffs?\n\nDocument - Food safety - your responsibilities:\n## Food safety\n\nIf your business deals in food you must:\n\n- make sure food is safe to eat\n\n- make sure you don\u2019t add, remove or treat food in a way that makes it harmful to eat\n\n- make sure the food is the same quality that you say it is\n\n- make sure you don\u2019t mislead people by the way food is labelled, advertised or marketed\n\n- keep records on where you got food from and show this information on demand - known as \u2018traceability\u2019 (PDF, 90KB)\n\n- withdraw unsafe food and complete an incident report\n\n- tell people why food has been withdrawn or recalled, for example by using a leaflet or poster\n\n- display your food hygiene rating (if you sell food direct to the public)\n\n## Food additives\n\nIf you use an additive in food you must:\n\n- only use an approved additive\n\n- only use it if it is approved for use in that food\n\nThe food additive must not exceed the maximum permitted level.\n\n## Food hygiene\n\nPart of complying with food safety is managing food hygiene.\n\n## Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP) plan\n\nYou usually have to write a plan based on the HACCP principles if you run a food business. This keeps your food safe from biological, chemical and physical safety hazards.\n\n## Food contact materials\n\nMaterials and packaging that can be reasonably expected to come into contact with food are called \u2018food contact materials\u2019. These can include:\n\n- packaging\n\n- food processing equipment\n\n- cookware\n\n- work surfaces\n\n## To keep food safe for consumption:\n\n- make sure food contact materials don\u2019t transfer anything to food they touch\n\n- make sure food contact materials don\u2019t change the food they touch\n\n- when inspected, be able to show where the food contact materials came from\n\n## Bacteria and food poisoning\n\nTo keep food safe from bacteria, you should follow HACCP. Bacteria that cause serious health problems are:\n\n- E.coli O157 and campylobacter\n\n- salmonella, especially with the storage and handling of eggs\n\n## Food hygiene training\n\nEmployers are responsible for staff hygiene training. It can be either a formal programme or informal training, such as on the job training or self study.\n\n## Food allergies\n\nIf you are a food retailer or caterer you need to manage food allergies when preparing and selling food.\n\n## Food inspections\n\nYou can be inspected by your local council at any point in the food production and distribution process. All inspectors must follow the Food Law Code of Practice. Usually, you won\u2019t be told an inspection is going to happen.\n\nHow often you\u2019re inspected depends on the risk your business poses to public health. You might not be inspected as often if you\u2019re a member of a recognised assurance scheme. You can search for a registered assurance scheme online.\n\nIf you\u2019re a food retailer or caterer you will be inspected on a more regular basis to make sure you comply with food safety laws.\n\nYour premises, food, records and procedures can be inspected. Food samples can be taken as well as photographed.\n\nFind your local council enforcement officers.\n\n## After the inspection\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter confirming any improvements you need to make and by when. Usually, you\u2019re responsible for confirming these\nimprovements have been made.\n\nFor serious food safety problems you may be sent a \u2018notice\u2019. The notice can include banning you from using certain equipment or processes until improvements have been made. Your business will be revisited to make sure you have followed the improvements in the notice. Example notices include a:\n\n- Hygiene Improvement Notice\n\n- Hygiene Emergency Prohibition Notices - banning you from using certain equipment or following certain processes\n\n## Appeals\n\nYour letter or notice should tell you how you can appeal a decision by an inspector.\n\n## Report a food safety incident\n\nYou must tell the Food Standards Agency (FSA) if you think any food your business:\n\n- has sold is unsafe\n\n- has is unsafe\n\nThe FSA will tell you if the food must be withdrawn and customers asked to return it.\n\nSubmit a food safety incident report.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/food-safety-your-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle owns a take away food kiosk his business has been hit hard by imposed covid restrictions. As the rules are being lifted he want to give the best quality service to his customers. He wants to re train his staff on food safety and hygiene.", + "original_question": "Is he allowed to do on job training of staffs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1592", + "question": "Scenario: My family owns a textile company in UK and want to ship our textile merchandise to France and we need to be mindful on shipping requiremets post Brexit.\n\nQuestion: Do we need an EORI number to export or import goods between the EU to the UK ?\n\nDocument - Get an EORI number:\n## Who needs an EORI\n\nYou may need an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) if you move goods:\n\n- between Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales) or the Isle of Man and any other country (including the EU)\n\n- between Great Britain and Northern Ireland\n\n- between Great Britain and the Channel Islands\n\n- between Northern Ireland and countries outside the EU\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nTo get an EORI number, your business usually needs to have premises based in the country you want to import to or export from - this is called \u2018being established\u2019. Your premises will need to be either a:\n\n- registered office\n\n- central headquarters\n\n- permanent business establishment - premises where some of your customs-related activities are taking place and your HR and technical resources are permanently located\n\nYou do not need an EORI number if you\u2019re moving goods for personal use only.\n\n## If your business is not based in the country you\u2019re moving goods to or from\n\nYou should still get an EORI number if you\u2019re:\n\n- making a customs declaration - check if you\u2019re eligible to make a customs declaration\n\n- making an entry summary declaration\n\n- making an exit summary declaration\n\n- making a temporary storage declaration\n\n- making a customs declaration for temporary admission or re-export declaration where you have a guarantee\n\n- acting as a carrier for transporting goods by sea, inland waterway or air\n\n- acting as a carrier connected to the customs system and you want to get notifications regarding the lodging or amendment of entry summary declarations\n\n- established in a common transit country where the declaration is lodged instead of an entry summary declaration or is used as a pre-departure declaration\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible to apply for an EORI number yourself, you\u2019ll need to appoint someone to deal with customs on your behalf. The person you appoint will need to get the EORI number instead of you.\n\nIf you\u2019re based in the Channel Islands and you move goods to or from the UK, you do not need an EORI number. You\u2019ll need an EORI number if you use HMRC\u2019s customs systems like Customs Handling of Import and Export Freight (CHIEF).\n\n## When you\u2019ll need your EORI number\n\nYou\u2019ll need your EORI number if you:\n\n- appoint someone to deal with customs for you and are \u2018established\u2019 in the country you\u2019re importing to or exporting from\n\n- make customs declarations\n\n- use customs systems, such as the CHIEF system\nand the Import Control System Northern Ireland (ICS NI)\n\n- apply for a customs decision\n\n## Check which EORI number you need\n\nWhich type of EORI number you need and where you get it from depends on where you\u2019re moving goods to and from. You may need more than one.\n\nIf you do not have the right EORI number, you may have delays at customs and increased costs, for example your goods may have to be stored until you get an EORI.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving goods to or from Great Britain\n\nIf you move goods to or from Great Britain you must get an EORI number that starts with GB. If you already have an EORI number and it does not start with GB, you must apply for a GB EORI number.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving goods to or from Northern Ireland\n\nYou may also need an EORI number starting with XI if you move goods to or from Northern Ireland.\n\nYou do not need an EORI number starting with XI if you already have an EORI number from an EU country.\n\n## If your business will be making declarations or getting a customs decision in the EU\n\nYou may need an EU EORI number from an EU country. Contact the customs authority in an EU country to get an EORI number. You do not need an EORI number from an EU country if you already have an EORI number starting with XI.\n\n## If you move goods to or from Northern Ireland\n\nYou must have an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) that starts with XI if you:\n\n- move goods into Northern Ireland from Great Britain (England, Scotland and Wales)\n\n- move goods from Northern Ireland to another non-EU country\n\n- make a declaration in Northern Ireland\n\n- apply for a customs decision in Northern Ireland\n\nYou only need to declare certain goods you move from Northern Ireland to Great Britain. Check if you need to make an export declaration and will need an EORI number that starts with XI.\n\nOnly people or organisations based in Northern Ireland or the EU can be named as the \u2018declarant\u2019 on import and export declarations made in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou do not need an EORI number if you only move goods on the island of Ireland or between an EU country and Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you already have an EU EORI number you do not need to apply for an XI EORI number.\n\nFind out how to apply for an XI EORI number.\n\n## Get help and advice if you move goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland\n\nSign up for the Trader Support Service to get advice on EORI numbers and moving goods between Great Britain and Northern Ireland.\n\nFind more guidance on moving goods to and from Northern Ireland.\n\n## Apply for an EORI number\n\n## Apply for an EORI number that starts with GB\n\nTo apply for an Economic Operators Registration and Identification number (EORI number) you need your:\n\n- Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) - find your UTR if you do not know it\n\n- business start date and Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) code - these are in the Companies House register\n\n- Government Gateway user ID and password\n\n- VAT number and effective date of registration (if you\u2019re VAT registered) - these are on your VAT registration certificate\n\n- National Insurance number - if you\u2019re an individual or a sole trader\n\nIf you do not already have a Government Gateway user ID, you\u2019ll be able to create one when you apply.\n\nApply for a GB EORI number\n\nYou\u2019ll get your GB EORI number immediately unless HMRC needs to make any checks on your application. If they do, it can take up to 5 working days.\n\n## Apply for an EORI number that starts with XI\n\nBefore you apply, check you\u2019re eligible for an XI EORI number.\n\nYou must have applied for a GB EORI number before you can get an XI EORI number.\n\nOnce you have your GB EORI number then fill in an enquiry form, making sure you:\n\n- tick the box to say you will be trading with Northern Ireland or are based in Northern Ireland\n\n- tick the box saying your enquiry is a \u201cQuery regarding a current EORI number application\u201d\n\nYou\u2019ll get your XI EORI within 4 days.\n\n## Get help with an EORI number\n\nYou can check the status of an application you have already made.\n\nFill in an enquiry form if you have forgotten your EORI number, your details have changed or you have a question about your application.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/eori", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My family owns a textile company in UK and want to ship our textile merchandise to France and we need to be mindful on shipping requiremets post Brexit.", + "original_question": "Do we need an EORI number to export or import goods between the EU to the UK ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1593", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle wanted to build an extension of his sitting room towards the garden and had applied for a Lawful Development cerificate but it was refused after a close neighbour made a complaint.\n\nQuestion: Can he make an appeal to overturn the decision?\n\nDocument - Appeal a decision about a lawful development certificate:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority makes decisions about lawful development certificates.\n\nYou can appeal against a lawful development certificate decision if either:\n\n- you disagree with it\n\n- the decision was not made within 8 weeks (6 weeks for work to a listed building)\n\nDo not appeal if you\u2019ve already been given an enforcement notice. You may have to pay additional costs if you do.\n\nOnly the person who made the lawful development certificate application can appeal. If you did not apply, you can comment on an appeal instead.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nThere\u2019s normally no deadline. If you\u2019re appealing an application about a listed building lawful development certificate, you must appeal within 6 months of the decision.\n\nYou can apply for planning permission at the same time as appealing a lawful development certificate decision.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.\n\nCheck how long appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice - if they did not make a decision, send a copy of the letter acknowledging your application\n\n- all plans, drawings and documents you sent to the local planning authority\n\n- any letters or emails between you and the local planning authority\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit:\n\n- a map of the site\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds of appeal\n\nIf you think your land or building is now lawful because the time limit for enforcement has passed, you also need to submit evidence like:\n\n- dated photographs of the site\n\n- letters from neighbours\n\n- receipts or invoices for work\n\n- plans and drawings\n\nYou can upload these documents or pictures of these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on a lawful development certificate appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal. The deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.\n\nYour local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal. The local planning authority has to do this within 2 weeks of the appeal being validated by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nIf there\u2019s going to be an inquiry, interested parties can apply to have \u2018rule 6 status\u2019, which means they\u2019ll play a much bigger part. For example, they can call witnesses and give evidence.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-lawful-development-certificate-decision", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle wanted to build an extension of his sitting room towards the garden and had applied for a Lawful Development cerificate but it was refused after a close neighbour made a complaint.", + "original_question": "Can he make an appeal to overturn the decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1596", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle runs a construction limited company as self employed and would like to register for construction industry scheme. He wants to be compliant.\n\nQuestion: Can he register for CIS online?\n\nDocument - What you must do as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) subcontractor:\n## Overview\n\nYou should register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if you work for a contractor and you\u2019re one of the following:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- the owner of a limited company\n\n- a partner in a partnership or trust\n\nUnder CIS, a contractor must deduct 20% from your payments and pass it to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nThese deductions count as advance payments towards your tax and National Insurance bill.\n\nIf you do not register for the scheme, contractors must deduct 30% from your payments instead.\n\n## If you do not want deductions made\n\nIf you do not want deductions to be made in advance by contractors, you can apply for \u2018gross payment status\u2019. You can do this when you register for CIS.\n\nYou do not need to register for CIS if you\u2019re an employee. Check your employment status if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## How to register\n\nTo register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your legal business name - you can also give a trading name if it\u2019s different to your business name\n\n- your National Insurance Number\n\n- the unique taxpayer reference number (UTR) for your business\n\n- your VAT registration number (if you\u2019re VAT registered)\n\nIf you\u2019re a subcontractor and a contractor (you pay subcontractors to do construction work), you\u2019ll need to register for CIS as both.\n\n## Register as a sole trader\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader and you already have a UTR, you can register for CIS online. You\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for Self Assessment (or another government service).\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status at the same time.\n\nIf you do not have a UTR, register as a new business for Self Assessment and choose \u2018working as a subcontractor\u2019 when prompted. You\u2019ll be registered for Self Assessment and CIS at the same time.\n\nYou can also call the CIS helpline to register.\n\n## Register as another type of business\n\nFill in the online form for limited companies or the online form for partnerships.\n\nHMRC will register the partnership separately to your sole trader registration. They will need the partnership UTR and trading name.\n\n## You are based abroad\n\nYou should still register for CIS if you are a subcontractor based abroad but do construction work in the UK.\n\n## Help and support\n\nCall the CIS helpline for help with registering.\n\nYou can also sign up for webinars and emails or watch videos from HMRC about CIS.\n\n## Get paid\n\nTo be paid correctly by a contractor, make sure you give them the exact same legal business name or trading name you gave when you registered for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS). You should also give them your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) so they can verify you.\n\nIf you do not, this could affect how much you get paid.\n\n## Deduction rates\n\nWhen a contractor pays you under CIS, they\u2019ll normally make deductions at the standard rate of 20%.\n\nContractors will make deductions at a higher rate of 30% if:\n\n- you are not registered for CIS\n\n- they cannot verify you\n\n- you give the wrong name for your business\n\nYour contractor should give you monthly statements of payments and deductions. Use them to calculate whether you still owe tax and National Insurance to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or are due a refund.\n\n## Gross payment status\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS. This means the contractor will not make deductions from your payments and you\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.\n\n## What does not count as your pay\n\nContractors will not make a deduction from amounts you charge on your invoice for:\n\n- VAT\n\n- materials that you have paid for directly\n\n- equipment which is now unusable (\u2018consumable stores\u2019)\n\n- plant hired for the job\n\n- manufacturing or prefabricating materials\n\n## Pay tax and claim back deductions\n\nWhen you\u2019re registered with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you\u2019re still responsible for paying the correct tax and National Insurance for your business, even if deductions have been made by contractors throughout the year.\n\nContractors will give you a monthly statement of what they\u2019ve paid you and deductions they\u2019ve made to help with your accounting.\n\n## Sole traders and partners\n\nAt the end of the tax year, send in your Self Assessment tax return as usual. You should record:\n\n- the full amounts on your invoices as income\n\n- any deductions contractors have made in the \u2018CIS deductions\u2019 field\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out your tax and National Insurance bill and take off any deductions made by contractors.\n\nIf you still owe tax after this, you\u2019ll need to pay it by 31 January following the end of the tax year.\n\nIf you\u2019re due a tax refund, HMRC will pay the money back.\n\n## Limited companies\n\nIf you have gross payment status, declare all your income in your Corporation Tax return as usual.\n\nIf you pay CIS deductions, you must claim these back through your company\u2019s monthly payroll scheme. Do not try to claim back through your Corporation Tax return - you may get a penalty if you do.\n\n- Send your monthly Full Payment Submission (FPS) as usual to HMRC.\n\n- Also send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS). Enter the total CIS deductions for the year to date.\n\n- HMRC will take your CIS deductions off what you owe in PAYE tax and National Insurance. Pay the balance by the usual date.\n\nIf your company\u2019s PAYE bill for the period is reduced to zero and you still have some CIS deductions you have not been able to claim back, carry these forward to the next month or quarter (in the same tax year). Tell HMRC in the EPS that you have nothing to pay.\n\n## If HMRC thinks your claim is wrong\n\nHMRC may ask you to provide evidence for your CIS deductions or to change your claim.\n\nIf you do not do this by the deadline they give you, you will not be able to make any more claims in that tax year.\n\nYou can appeal HMRC\u2019s decision. They\u2019ll tell you how to do this.\n\n## Keep records\n\nYour company must keep a record of amounts claimed back against your monthly or quarterly PAYE bill.\n\nYou can use form CIS132 to do this or keep your own records.\n\n## If you paid too much in CIS deductions\n\nHMRC will pay back any deductions your company has not been able to claim back from its PAYE bill during the tax year.\n\n## If your company goes into administration\n\nIf your company goes into administration or liquidation, the person managing it should write to HMRC to ask for CIS deductions to be repaid straight away.\n\n## If you do not have all your CIS statements\n\nIf you have not received all the CIS statements you need from your contractor, you can ask them to send you replacement copies.\n\nIf the contractor you\u2019re working for stops trading and you have not been able to get all your CIS statements you should write to HMRC.\n\nInclude the following information:\n\n- your name, address and Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)\n\n- the name and address of the contractor\n\n- the contractor\u2019s tax reference - if you know it\n\n- the dates of the payments or the tax months when the contractor paid you\n\n- the reason why you do not have the statements or duplicates\n\n## How to get gross payment status\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS.\n\nThis means contractors will pay you in full, without deductions. You\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.\n\nIf you\u2019re already registered for CIS, you can apply for gross payment status by calling the CIS helpline or applying online.\n\n## Apply for gross payment status online\n\n- Sign in to Government Gateway - you\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for CIS. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you register for CIS.\n\n- From \u2018Your tax account\u2019, go to \u2018Other services\u2019.\n\n- Choose \u2018Construction Industry Scheme \u2013 Subcontractors\u2019.\n\n## To qualify\n\nYou must show HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that your business passes some tests. You\u2019ll need to show that:\n\n- you\u2019ve paid your tax and National Insurance on time in the past\n\n- your business does construction work (or provides labour for it) in the UK\n\n- your business is run through a bank account\n\nHMRC will look at your turnover for the last 12 months. Ignoring VAT and the cost of materials, your turnover must be at least:\n\n- \u00a330,000 if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- \u00a330,000 for each partner in a partnership, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole partnership\n\n- \u00a330,000 for each director of a company, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole company\n\nIf your company\u2019s controlled by 5 people or fewer, you must have an annual turnover of \u00a330,000 for each of them.\n\nYou could be fined if you provide false information or help someone else to make a false application.\n\n## Paying tax when you have gross payment status\n\nYou must declare your payments as income at the end of the tax year in:\n\n- your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner\n\n- your Corporation Tax return if you own a limited company\n\n## Annual review\n\nIf you have gross payment status, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will review your business every year, to decide if you can keep your status.\n\nYou must be on time with your tax returns and payments to keep your gross payment status.\n\nIf you run a limited company, HMRC will review the company itself, rather than individual directors or shareholders.\n\n## You do not meet all the conditions\n\nYou could fail the review and HMRC will remove your gross payment status. You\u2019ll be allowed a small amount of late payments or returns.\n\nContact HMRC if you have problems paying your tax on time. If HMRC give you more time to pay, this will not affect your gross payment status.\n\n## You fail your review\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter explaining you\u2019re about to fail the review, along with the reasons why.\n\nIf you disagree, you can write back with your reasons.\n\nIf HMRC accept your explanation, they will not remove your gross payment status.\n\nIf you do not reply to the letter or HMRC does not accept your explanation, they\u2019ll write to explain:\n\n- what conditions you have not met\n\n- that they\u2019re withdrawing your gross payment status in 90 days\n\nIf you think HMRC have made the wrong decision, you have 30 days from the date of this letter to appeal.\n\n## Reapplying for gross payment status\n\nIf HMRC cancel your gross payment status, you need to wait a year from the date of the cancellation before you can reapply.\n\n## Changes you need to report\n\nReport changes by calling the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) helpline.\n\nTell them if you:\n\n- change from a sole trader to a partnership\n\n- leave a partnership or company to become a sole trader\n\n- create a company or change your business to a company\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to register again for CIS - as you cannot transfer the registration from your old business structure.\n\nIf you have gross payment status, you\u2019ll need to apply again.\n\nYou must also tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:\n\n- change your trading name\n\n- change your business, private or registered office address\n\n- stop trading\n\n- add new shareholders - HMRC may withdraw your gross payment status if you do not tell them within 30 days\n\n## Stop trading\n\nIf your business goes into administration it can keep receiving payments for work it\u2019s done under CIS. It should be paid in the same way that it was paid normally - either gross or under deduction.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle runs a construction limited company as self employed and would like to register for construction industry scheme. He wants to be compliant.", + "original_question": "Can he register for CIS online?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1597", + "question": "Scenario: My aunt has been running a stationery business and on her way home from work she got a serious accident which left her paralysed . Her business dream was shattered and decided to liquidate the business. She has several debts .\n\nQuestion: Can she get creditors to liquidate her business?\n\nDocument - Dealing with your limited company's debts:\n## If your company cannot pay its debts\n\nYour limited company can be liquidated (\u2018wound up\u2019) if it cannot pay its debts.\n\nThe people or organisations your company owes money to (your \u2018creditors\u2019) can apply to the court to get their debts paid.\n\nThey can do this by either:\n\n- getting a court judgment\n\n- making an official request for payment - this is called a statutory demand\n\nGet professional advice from a solicitor or insolvency practitioner if your company is in debt.\n\n## Responding to a court judgment\n\nYou have 14 days to respond to a court judgment.\n\nTo respond, you must do one of the following:\n\n- pay the debt\n\n- reach an agreement with the creditor to pay the debt in the future, for example by using a Company Voluntary Arrangement\n\n- put your company into administration\n\n- apply to liquidate (\u2018wind up\u2019) your company yourself\n\n- challenge the court judgment\n\nIf you do not respond to the court judgment within 14 days, your creditors can apply to have your assets seized by a bailiff or sheriff.\n\nYour creditors can apply to wind up your company if your assets are not worth enough to pay your debts.\n\n## Responding to a statutory demand\n\nYou have 21 days to respond to a statutory demand.\n\nTo respond, you must do one of the following:\n\n- pay the debt\n\n- reach an agreement with the creditor to pay the debt in the future, for example by using a Company Voluntary Arrangement\n\n- put your company into administration\n\n- apply to liquidate (\u2018wind up\u2019) your company yourself\n\nYour creditors can apply to wind up your company if you do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.\n\n## Stop your creditors from applying to wind up your company\n\nYou can apply to the court to stop (\u2018restrain\u2019) your creditors from applying to wind up your company. You must do this within 21 days of getting the statutory demand.\n\nDownload and fill in application form IAA.\n\nWhich court you apply to depends on how much money shareholders have paid into your company by buying shares (\u2018paid up share capital\u2019).\n\nCheck the Companies House register to find out your company\u2019s paid up share capital.\n\n## Your paid up share capital is less than \u00a3120,000\n\nUse the court finder to find a court dealing with insolvency. You must use the court nearest your company\u2019s registered office.\n\n## Your paid up share capital is more than \u00a3120,000\n\nYou must apply to the High Court.\n\n## Getting a winding-up order\n\nYour creditors can apply to the court to close down your company. They do this by making an application called a \u2018winding-up petition\u2019.\n\nYou can apply to stop your creditors from making a winding-up petition if you were given a statutory demand.\n\nThey can withdraw the petition if your company pays the debt or makes an arrangement to pay it.\n\n## Attending the hearing\n\nIf the petition is accepted, the court will arrange a date for a hearing.\n\nYou must attend the hearing. Your creditors will announce when and where the hearing will take place in The Gazette.\n\nYour company can be put into the control of someone else until the hearing happens. This is known as \u2018provisional liquidation\u2019.\n\n## If the court decides you cannot pay your debts\n\nThe court will issue a winding-up order.\n\nAn officer of the court (\u2018official receiver\u2019) will be put in charge of winding-up your company. You must co-operate with the official receiver.\n\nWhen you get a winding-up order:\n\n- your company\u2019s bank account will usually be frozen\n\n- its assets or property will be sold by the official receiver\n\nIf any part of your company is bought with the intention of discontinuing the business (not running it as a \u2018going concern\u2019) then your employees will lose their jobs.\n\nYou can be banned from being a director for up to 15 years if you do not carry out your duties properly.\n\n## Cancel a winding-up order\n\nYou can apply to cancel a winding-up order if you do not think you need to pay your creditors. You must do this within 5 working days of getting the order.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/protecting-company-from-compulsory-liquidation", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My aunt has been running a stationery business and on her way home from work she got a serious accident which left her paralysed . Her business dream was shattered and decided to liquidate the business. She has several debts .", + "original_question": "Can she get creditors to liquidate her business?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1598", + "question": "Scenario: My sister has taken a step further in her passion for caring for little children by training as a childminder. She would like to apply for a job as soon as she completes her course.\n\nQuestion: Is it necessary for her to register as a childminder?\n\nDocument - Become a childminder or nanny (England):\n## Overview\n\nIf you want to be paid to look after children under 8, you might need to register with Ofsted or a childminder agency.\n\nYou can get a fine if you do not register when you need to.\n\nYou must register as a childminder if all of the following apply:\n\n- the children are under the age of 8\n\n- you look after them for more than 2 hours a day\n\n- you look after them in your own home\n\n- you get paid to look after them - including payment in kind\n\nYou can register with Ofsted online. To register with a childminder agency, contact them directly.\n\nThere are different rules if you want to provide daycare outside someone\u2019s home - for example a nursery or creche.\n\nYou do not need to register if you\u2019re:\n\n- a nanny\n\n- a tutor\n\n- a babysitter and if you look after the children between 6pm and 2am\n\n- a family friend and if you look after the children less than 3 hours a day\n\nYou can still choose to register if you\u2019re a nanny or in other situations. This helps the child\u2019s parents qualify for free childcare.\n\nCheck which register to join if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## Who cannot register\n\nYou cannot register if you:\n\n- are under 18\n\n- are related to all of the children you look after\n\n- do not have the legal right to work in the UK\n\n- are barred from working with children\n\n- have been disqualified\n\n- have been refused registration in the past or had your registration cancelled - unless it was because you did not pay your annual fee\n\n- are childminding in a home where a disqualified person lives or works\n\nIf you\u2019ve been disqualified, you may be able to apply to waive your disqualification\n\n## Which register to join\n\nThere are 2 registers - the Early Years Register and the Childcare Register.\n\nWhich register you join depends on:\n\n- the age of the children you\u2019re looking after\n\n- if you\u2019re registering as a childminder or a nanny\n\nYou\u2019ll be prompted to join the correct register when you apply.\n\n## Children up to the age of 5\n\nIf you\u2019re a childminder and you look after children from birth to 5 years old you must join the Early Years Register. This lets you look after children up to 31 August after their fifth birthday.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a registration visit from Ofsted when you apply.\n\nAfter you join the register you must follow the early years foundation stage (EYFS) framework.\n\nNannies cannot join the Early Years Register.\n\n## Children from 5 to 8 years old\n\nIf you\u2019re a childminder and you look after children from 5 to 8 years old you must join the Childcare Register. This lets you look after children from 1 September after their fifth birthday up to their eighth birthday.\n\nAs a nanny you can choose to join the Childcare Register, regardless of the age of the children you\u2019re looking after.\n\nYou may be inspected by Ofsted. You may also get a registration visit.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nYou need to pay an annual registration fee to Ofsted. You\u2019ll also have to pay for things like criminal record checks, training and insurance.\n\n## Registration fee\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay the registration fee each year.\n\n| | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies |\n\n| Childminders - caring only for children aged 5 or under | \u00a335 | Not applicable |\n\n| Childminders - caring only for children aged 5 or older | \u00a3103 | Not applicable |\n\n| Childminders - caring for children of all ages | \u00a335 | Not applicable |\n\n| Register as a nanny | Not applicable | \u00a3103 |\n\n## Criminal record and health checks\n\n| | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies |\n\n| Your criminal record check | \u00a348.10 | \u00a348.10 |\n\n| Checks for adults in your home | \u00a348.10 each | Not applicable |\n\n| Criminal record check update service (recommended) | \u00a313/year | \u00a313/year |\n\n| GP to fill in and sign health declaration booklet | \u00a390 (approximately) | Not applicable |\n\n## Training\n\n| | Cost for childminders | Cost for nannies |\n\n| First aid course to cover the age groups you look after | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately) | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately) |\n\n| Childcare training on the type of care you will provide - ask your council | \u00a350 to \u00a3200 (approximately) | \u00a360 to \u00a3200 (approximately) |\n\n## Other costs\n\n| Insurance | Cost |\n\n| Public liability insurance | \u00a325 to \u00a3100 (approximately) |\n\n| Keeping digital records | Cost |\n\n| Register with ICO to keep digital records of children (childminders only) | \u00a340 |\n\n## Register as a nanny\n\nYou can register with Ofsted as a nanny or au pair to look after children in their own home.\n\nA nanny can look after children from 1 or 2 families at the same time.\n\nIf you want to look after children from more than 2 families at the same time in your home, you\u2019ll need to register as a childminder instead.\n\nYou will need:\n\n- an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) - you must get the right criminal record check\n\n- first aid training\n\n- childcare training - speak to your local council\n\n- public liability insurance\n\n- a certificate of good character from an embassy - if you\u2019ve lived abroad in the past 5 years\n\nOfsted will reject your application if you do not have the correct documents.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt costs \u00a3103 to register with Ofsted. This fee is not refundable.\n\nFind out about other costs.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt usually takes up to 12 weeks to process your application.\n\n## Register online\n\nIt should take you about 15 minutes to fill in the form.\n\nRegister as a nanny\n\n## Register as a childminder\n\nYou must register with Ofsted to look after children in your home.\n\nIf you\u2019re looking after children in their own home, you should register with Ofsted as a nanny or au pair instead.\n\nYou will need:\n\n- an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists from the Disclosure and Barring Service (DBS) - you must get the right criminal record check\n\n- first aid training for the age group you will look after\n\n- childcare training - speak to your local council\n\n- a health declaration booklet\n\n- contact details for 2 references\n\n- a certificate of good character from an embassy - if you\u2019ve lived abroad in the past 5 years\n\nOfsted will reject your application if you do not have the correct documents.\n\n## Checks on other people in your home\n\nIf anyone aged 16 or over lives with you or works in your home regularly, they\u2019ll need to get an enhanced criminal record check with barred lists.\n\nThe type of check they get depends on their role. For example your partner would need to get a different check to someone who works in your home, like a cleaner.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to get a certificate of good character from an embassy if they\u2019ve lived abroad in the last 5 years.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt usually costs \u00a335 to register with Ofsted. This fee is not refundable.\n\nFind out about other costs.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt usually takes up to 12 weeks to process your application.\n\n## Register online\n\nIt should take you about 30 minutes to fill in the form.\n\nRegister as a childminder\n\n## After you apply\n\nWhen you submit your application Ofsted will:\n\n- do background checks with local authorities\n\n- check your references\n\n- give you a reference number to use if you have questions about your application\n\n## If you\u2019re a childminder\n\nAn inspector will visit you to check:\n\n- your identity and qualifications - including first aid qualifications\n\n- your house and garden are safe for children\n\n- that you\u2019re familiar with the early years foundation stage (EYFS) requirements and know how to put them into practice\n\n- your level of English\n\nYou will not usually get a registration visit if you\u2019re only looking after children aged over 5.\n\nFind out how to prepare for your registration visit.\n\n## If your application is approved\n\nYou\u2019ll get a certificate of registration if your application is approved. You will need this to start work as a childminder.\n\nOfsted will publish your unique reference number (\u2018URN\u2019) and inspection reports online. If you\u2019re a childminder they will also publish your name and address - unless you tell them not to.\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nOfsted will send you a letter called a \u2018notice of intention\u2019 which will tell you why you\u2019ve been turned down.\n\nYou\u2019ll be disqualified from applying again in future.\n\n## Object to a decision\n\nYou can object to a decision if you\u2019ve been sent a \u2018notice of intention\u2019.\n\nYou must object within 14 days of the date on the notice.\n\nOfsted will consider your objection, then tell you if:\n\n- you\u2019re still refused registration\n\n- you cannot look after children in a particular home\n\n- your decision is overturned\n\nIf you do not object, or Ofsted does not change its decision, you\u2019ll get a second letter called a \u2018notice of decision\u2019. This is the final decision to refuse registration or approval of a certain premises.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nIf you disagree with Ofsted\u2019s final decision, you can appeal to an independent tribunal.\n\nYou must appeal within 3 months of the date that you\u2019re sent the notice of decision.\n\n## After you're registered\n\nYou must continue to meet the registration standards while you\u2019re working as a childminder or nanny.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- pay the annual registration fee\n\n- keep your details up to date\n\n- report any major accidents or incidents\n\nOfsted will inspect childminders and some nannies.\n\n## Keep your details up to date\n\nYou must tell Ofsted if:\n\n- you change where you\u2019re working\n\n- your contact details change\n\n- you stop working as a childminder or nanny\n\n## If you\u2019re a childminder\n\nYou must tell Ofsted if:\n\n- anyone 16 or over moves into your home or leaves your home\n\n- your childminding assistants change\n\n## Reporting accidents and incidents\n\nUse the early years incident online form to report:\n\n- a serious accident, injury or illness to a child, for example food poisoning\n\n- allegations that someone living, working or looking after children in your household has committed serious harm or abuse\n\n- anything that might affect the suitability of someone on the premises to look after children\n\n- a child\u2019s death\n\n## Providing other types of childcare\n\nIf you\u2019re a childminder, you can apply to set up childcare on non-domestic premises (for example, a playgroup or after-school club). You can work here for up to half of your time.\n\nIf you want to work with 3 or more childminders or childminding assistants in your home, you\u2019ll need to register as a daycare organisation (this is known as \u2018providing childcare on domestic premises\u2019).", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-childminder-nanny", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My sister has taken a step further in her passion for caring for little children by training as a childminder. She would like to apply for a job as soon as she completes her course.", + "original_question": "Is it necessary for her to register as a childminder?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1606", + "question": "Scenario: I took the theory test this morning but unfortunately failed the multiple choices questions part of the test. I will retake my test in 3 days.\n\nQuestion: Can I skip the hazard perception test because I've passed it last time?\n\nDocument - Theory test: cars:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou must have a provisional driving licence to book your theory test.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test:\n\n- multiple-choice questions\n\n- hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road\n\nYou book and take them as a single test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n## When you can take the theory test\n\nYou can take the theory test from your 17th birthday onwards.\n\nYou can take it from your 16th birthday if you get, or have applied for, the enhanced rate of the mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP).\n\n## Who needs to take the theory test\n\nYou usually need to take the theory test before you can get your full car driving licence.\n\nYou do not need to take the car theory test if you:\n\n- want to upgrade an automatic car licence to a manual one\n\n- have a category B1 driving licence (3 or 4-wheeled light vehicles) from before 1 February 2001\n\n## If you have a moped or motorcycle licence\n\nYou must pass a car theory test before taking the car driving test.\n\n## If your licence is not from Great Britain\n\nFind out if you can drive in Great Britain (GB) with your non-GB licence without taking a theory and driving test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your theory test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your theory test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.\n\n## Theory test revision and practice\n\nYou can use books and software to revise for the theory test and take practice tests.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nThe multiple-choice questions in the theory test are based on 3 books:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Driving - the essential skills\n\nStudy these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## Take a practice test\n\nTake a practice theory test to check how much you\u2019ve learnt.\n\nThe questions are not used in the real test, but they are based on the same topics as the test.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nTo prepare for this test you can use the official guide to hazard perception.\n\nYou can buy the guide in these formats:\n\n- online for your PC or Mac\n\n- app for Apple phones and tablets\n\n- app for Android phones and tablets\n\nYou can also buy it as an interactive DVD from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## Translations into foreign languages\n\nSome official books and software are translated into other languages by approved organisations.\n\nHowever, you can only take the test in English, Welsh or British Sign Language.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## Lost your licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nRearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\n## Personal belongings\n\nYou will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:\n\n- bags\n\n- earphones\n\n- mobile phones\n\n- watches\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.\n\nIf your test centre does not have lockers, you must:\n\n- turn off your phone before you enter the test centre\n\n- put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test\n\nThe test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 57 minutes to answer 50 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens\n\n## How the test works\n\nA question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.\n\nThree of the questions are about a short video. It will show a normal driving situation, such as:\n\n- driving through a town centre\n\n- driving on a country road\n\nThe video is silent. You can watch it as many times as you like during the test.\n\n## Leaving a question\n\nYou can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.\n\n## Changing your answers\n\nYou can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.\n\n## When you\u2019ve finished\n\nYou can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 57 minutes.\n\nYou can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:\n\n- feature everyday road scenes\n\n- contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards\n\nYou get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.\n\n## What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is\n\nA developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.\n\n## How the scoring works\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.\n\nTo get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.\n\nYou do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.\n\nYou only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.\n\n## Pass mark and test result\n\nYou\u2019ll get the result at the test centre after taking the theory test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n| | Pass mark | Points available |\n\n| Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50 |\n\n| Hazard perception | 44 | 75 |\n\n## If you pass\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with a pass certificate number at the test centre. You need this when you book and take your driving test.\n\nYour pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You must pass your driving test in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the theory test again.\n\n## If you fail\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.\n\nYou must book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.\n\nYou have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.\n\n## If you have a reading difficulty, disability or health condition\n\nWhen you book your theory test you should say if you have a:\n\n- reading difficulty\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nYou can ask to hear the test through headphones when you book your test. You can hear it in English or Welsh.\n\nYou can listen to the questions and possible answers as many times as you need to.\n\n## Other types of support\n\nYou can get other support during your theory test if you send proof that you have reading difficulties.\n\nThis can be an email, letter or report from:\n\n- a teacher or other educational professional\n\n- a doctor or medical professional\n\n- an occupational therapist\n\n- an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association\n\nYou can get:\n\n- extra time to take the test\n\n- someone to read what\u2019s on the screen and record your answers\n\n- someone to reword the questions for you\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will select the best type of support for you.\n\nIf DVSA agrees that you need extra support, they will send you an email with:\n\n- a reference number (you will need this when you book your test)\n\n- instructions on how to book your test\n\n## Extra time to take the test\n\nYou can ask for more time to do the multiple choice questions part of the theory test.\n\n## Reading what\u2019s on the screen and recording your answers\n\nA member of staff at the test centre can read out the instructions and questions on the screen.\n\nThey can also record your answers to the multiple-choice questions.\n\nThis can be done by either:\n\n- listening to the member of staff through headphones while they\u2019re in another room - they\u2019ll be able to see what\u2019s on your screen\n\n- the member of staff sitting near you in the test room\n\n## Rewording the questions for you\n\nYou can ask for a member of staff to reword the theory test questions to make them easier for you to understand.\n\nThe person cannot change the technical language that you need to know. But they can change the order of the sentence and other non-technical words and phrases.\n\nYou still need to answer each question yourself.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nYou can take the theory test in British Sign Language (BSL) if you\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment.\n\nA BSL video appears on the screen next to the questions and answers.\n\n## Take a BSL interpreter\n\nYou can have a BSL interpreter with you during the test. Contact DVSA to arrange this. You will not be charged an extra fee.\n\n## Hearing loop and lip speakers\n\nYou can arrange to have a lip speaker with you at the theory test centre or use a listening aid (hearing loop).\n\nTo use either service you\u2019ll need to contact DVSA before your test.\n\n## Other disabilities or health conditions\n\nContact DVSA to discuss any other disability or health condition before you book your test.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/theory-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I took the theory test this morning but unfortunately failed the multiple choices questions part of the test. I will retake my test in 3 days.", + "original_question": "Can I skip the hazard perception test because I've passed it last time?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1609", + "question": "Scenario: I recently found out that the man who stabbed me and left me with a disability man be allowed on parole, this is very upsetting to me as I do not feel safe with them walking on the streets and am angry that their sentence may be made shorter.\n\nQuestion: Can a victims statment stop parole or influence the judges decision in this case?\n\nDocument - Make a victim personal statement to the Parole Board:\n## Who can make a victim personal statement and when\n\nThe Parole Board decides if prisoners who are eligible for parole can be released. It also makes recommendations on whether it\u2019s safe for prisoners to be:\n\n- transferred to an open prison\n\n- given a temporary release under supervision (known as being \u2018on licence\u2019 or probation)\n\n## Victims\n\nYou can make a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019 to be presented at the Parole Board hearing if you\u2019re a victim of the prisoner.\n\nThis is sometimes known as an \u2018impact statement\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland, you need to make a written representation to the Parole Board for Scotland.\n\nYou can use your statement to explain how the crime has affected you - from the time it was committed until now.\n\nThis includes the effect the crime has had on you and your family:\n\n- physically\n\n- mentally\n\n- emotionally\n\n- financially\n\n## Relatives of victims\n\nYou can make a victim personal statement if you\u2019re a close relative of a victim who:\n\n- has died\n\n- is aged under 18\n\n- cannot make a statement themselves - for example, because of mental incapacity or illness\n\nClose relatives include spouses and partners, parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren, siblings and dependants. Other family members, guardians and carers of victims may also be allowed to make a statement.\n\nWhen more than one relative wants to make a statement, the Parole Board may ask for 1 or 2 statements to represent them all.\n\n## When to make your victim personal statement\n\nIf you choose to join the Victim Contact Scheme, your Victim Liaison Officer will tell you when a prisoner is being considered for parole.\n\nThey\u2019ll tell you when to write your victim personal statement. They\u2019ll also send it to the Parole Board for you at least 28 days before the hearing.\n\nIf you did not join the Victim Contact Scheme, you can contact your local probation office about:\n\n- giving a statement\n\n- joining the scheme if you want to be told when a prisoner is being considered for release or transfer\n\nThe Parole Board has more information about making a victim personal statement and joining the Victim Contact Scheme.\n\n## How a victim personal statement is used\n\nThe Parole Board panel makes a decision based on whether a prisoner is a risk to the public.\n\nThe panel can use your victim personal statement to help it:\n\n- understand the impact of the crime\n\n- decide what questions to ask the prisoner, to find out about their understanding of how their crimes have affected victims\n\n- decide what the prisoner can and cannot do (known as \u2018licence conditions\u2019) if they\u2019re released\n\nThe Parole Board will make its decision by:\n\n- privately reviewing a file of information and reports about the prisoner\n\n- holding a hearing, if the board needs more information\n\nYou can ask to attend the hearing to read out your statement if you want, or have it read out for you. The Parole Board decides if you can attend.\n\n## Write your victim personal statement\n\nYour victim personal statement is your opportunity to explain how a crime has affected you and your family - for example, physically, emotionally, financially or in any other way.\n\nYou can update the statement that you wrote for the prisoner\u2019s trial or write a new one.\n\nYour statement should take less than 10 minutes to read out.\n\nYou can usually choose how your statement is presented at an oral hearing.\n\nYou must always submit a written version of your statement.\n\n## What to include\n\nYou need to include how the:\n\n- crime affected you at the time\n\n- crime has affected you since it happened\n\n- prisoner\u2019s release or move to an open prison would affect you, your family, friends or community\n\nDo not include:\n\n- whether you think the prisoner should be released\n\n- long descriptions of the original crime\n\n- any threats or critical comments to or about the prisoner or the Parole Board\n\nTell your Victim Liaison Officer if you think you have other information that will help the Parole Board make a decision.\n\n## Young victims and children\n\nIf you do not want to or cannot make a written victim personal statement, you can tell your Victim Liaison Officer about how:\n\n- you and your family were hurt\n\n- the crime makes you feel now\n\n- you think you would feel if the prisoner was released\n\nYour Victim Liaison Officer will write this down and give it to the Parole Board.\n\nYour parent or guardian can also make a statement if they want to.\n\n## The prisoner\u2019s access to your victim personal statement\n\nPrisoners usually have full access to all victim personal statements presented at their hearing.\n\nSpeak to your Victim Liaison Officer if you do not want the prisoner to have access to your statement.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a good case that it will:\n\n- put you or your family at risk\n\n- have a negative effect on you in some other way\n\nStatements are only withheld from prisoners under exceptional circumstances.\n\n## Choose how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have a choice of how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing.\n\nYou can ask:\n\n- for the Parole Board panel to read your statement themselves\n\n- to attend the hearing and read out your statement in person\n\n- to attend the hearing and choose someone else to read out your statement\n\n- to choose someone to go the hearing instead of you and read out your statement\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) you cannot currently attend hearings in person. You will have to submit your statement remotely.\n\nAt some hearings you may be able to read out your statement via a live video link or make a recording for the panel.\n\nRequests by victims to attend hearings are usually granted, but it\u2019s not a legal right and you can be refused.\n\nYou can usually bring your Victim Liaison Officer or a family member or friend if you come to the hearing.\n\nPeople under 18 years of age usually cannot attend parole hearings in person and must choose one of the other options, such as getting someone else to read out your statement.\n\n## What happens at a parole hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to read out your victim personal statement (unless someone else is reading it for you).\n\nYou will not be able to add anything to your written statement at the hearing and will not usually be asked questions.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made your statement you\u2019ll be asked to leave and the hearing will continue.\n\nYour Victim Liaison Officer will tell you the outcome.\n\nRead the guide on getting parole for detailed information on what happens at a parole hearing.\n\n## Prisoners at parole hearings\n\nPrisoners are usually not present while their victims read their statements. The prisoner\u2019s legal representative is usually there.\n\nYou can ask that the prisoner is present while you read your statement, but they\u2019ll need to agree to this and the Parole Board has to allow it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-statement-to-the-parole-board", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently found out that the man who stabbed me and left me with a disability man be allowed on parole, this is very upsetting to me as I do not feel safe with them walking on the streets and am angry that their sentence may be made shorter.", + "original_question": "Can a victims statment stop parole or influence the judges decision in this case?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1610", + "question": "Scenario: I ama prisoner in prison although I am suposed to be getting parole, I am aware that the victim has made a statement that might effect the outcome of my parole and I would like access to this to see if I can dispute it.\n\nQuestion: Can I see the victims statment?\n\nDocument - Make a victim personal statement to the Parole Board:\n## Who can make a victim personal statement and when\n\nThe Parole Board decides if prisoners who are eligible for parole can be released. It also makes recommendations on whether it\u2019s safe for prisoners to be:\n\n- transferred to an open prison\n\n- given a temporary release under supervision (known as being \u2018on licence\u2019 or probation)\n\n## Victims\n\nYou can make a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019 to be presented at the Parole Board hearing if you\u2019re a victim of the prisoner.\n\nThis is sometimes known as an \u2018impact statement\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland, you need to make a written representation to the Parole Board for Scotland.\n\nYou can use your statement to explain how the crime has affected you - from the time it was committed until now.\n\nThis includes the effect the crime has had on you and your family:\n\n- physically\n\n- mentally\n\n- emotionally\n\n- financially\n\n## Relatives of victims\n\nYou can make a victim personal statement if you\u2019re a close relative of a victim who:\n\n- has died\n\n- is aged under 18\n\n- cannot make a statement themselves - for example, because of mental incapacity or illness\n\nClose relatives include spouses and partners, parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren, siblings and dependants. Other family members, guardians and carers of victims may also be allowed to make a statement.\n\nWhen more than one relative wants to make a statement, the Parole Board may ask for 1 or 2 statements to represent them all.\n\n## When to make your victim personal statement\n\nIf you choose to join the Victim Contact Scheme, your Victim Liaison Officer will tell you when a prisoner is being considered for parole.\n\nThey\u2019ll tell you when to write your victim personal statement. They\u2019ll also send it to the Parole Board for you at least 28 days before the hearing.\n\nIf you did not join the Victim Contact Scheme, you can contact your local probation office about:\n\n- giving a statement\n\n- joining the scheme if you want to be told when a prisoner is being considered for release or transfer\n\nThe Parole Board has more information about making a victim personal statement and joining the Victim Contact Scheme.\n\n## How a victim personal statement is used\n\nThe Parole Board panel makes a decision based on whether a prisoner is a risk to the public.\n\nThe panel can use your victim personal statement to help it:\n\n- understand the impact of the crime\n\n- decide what questions to ask the prisoner, to find out about their understanding of how their crimes have affected victims\n\n- decide what the prisoner can and cannot do (known as \u2018licence conditions\u2019) if they\u2019re released\n\nThe Parole Board will make its decision by:\n\n- privately reviewing a file of information and reports about the prisoner\n\n- holding a hearing, if the board needs more information\n\nYou can ask to attend the hearing to read out your statement if you want, or have it read out for you. The Parole Board decides if you can attend.\n\n## Write your victim personal statement\n\nYour victim personal statement is your opportunity to explain how a crime has affected you and your family - for example, physically, emotionally, financially or in any other way.\n\nYou can update the statement that you wrote for the prisoner\u2019s trial or write a new one.\n\nYour statement should take less than 10 minutes to read out.\n\nYou can usually choose how your statement is presented at an oral hearing.\n\nYou must always submit a written version of your statement.\n\n## What to include\n\nYou need to include how the:\n\n- crime affected you at the time\n\n- crime has affected you since it happened\n\n- prisoner\u2019s release or move to an open prison would affect you, your family, friends or community\n\nDo not include:\n\n- whether you think the prisoner should be released\n\n- long descriptions of the original crime\n\n- any threats or critical comments to or about the prisoner or the Parole Board\n\nTell your Victim Liaison Officer if you think you have other information that will help the Parole Board make a decision.\n\n## Young victims and children\n\nIf you do not want to or cannot make a written victim personal statement, you can tell your Victim Liaison Officer about how:\n\n- you and your family were hurt\n\n- the crime makes you feel now\n\n- you think you would feel if the prisoner was released\n\nYour Victim Liaison Officer will write this down and give it to the Parole Board.\n\nYour parent or guardian can also make a statement if they want to.\n\n## The prisoner\u2019s access to your victim personal statement\n\nPrisoners usually have full access to all victim personal statements presented at their hearing.\n\nSpeak to your Victim Liaison Officer if you do not want the prisoner to have access to your statement.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a good case that it will:\n\n- put you or your family at risk\n\n- have a negative effect on you in some other way\n\nStatements are only withheld from prisoners under exceptional circumstances.\n\n## Choose how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have a choice of how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing.\n\nYou can ask:\n\n- for the Parole Board panel to read your statement themselves\n\n- to attend the hearing and read out your statement in person\n\n- to attend the hearing and choose someone else to read out your statement\n\n- to choose someone to go the hearing instead of you and read out your statement\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) you cannot currently attend hearings in person. You will have to submit your statement remotely.\n\nAt some hearings you may be able to read out your statement via a live video link or make a recording for the panel.\n\nRequests by victims to attend hearings are usually granted, but it\u2019s not a legal right and you can be refused.\n\nYou can usually bring your Victim Liaison Officer or a family member or friend if you come to the hearing.\n\nPeople under 18 years of age usually cannot attend parole hearings in person and must choose one of the other options, such as getting someone else to read out your statement.\n\n## What happens at a parole hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to read out your victim personal statement (unless someone else is reading it for you).\n\nYou will not be able to add anything to your written statement at the hearing and will not usually be asked questions.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made your statement you\u2019ll be asked to leave and the hearing will continue.\n\nYour Victim Liaison Officer will tell you the outcome.\n\nRead the guide on getting parole for detailed information on what happens at a parole hearing.\n\n## Prisoners at parole hearings\n\nPrisoners are usually not present while their victims read their statements. The prisoner\u2019s legal representative is usually there.\n\nYou can ask that the prisoner is present while you read your statement, but they\u2019ll need to agree to this and the Parole Board has to allow it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-statement-to-the-parole-board", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I ama prisoner in prison although I am suposed to be getting parole, I am aware that the victim has made a statement that might effect the outcome of my parole and I would like access to this to see if I can dispute it.", + "original_question": "Can I see the victims statment?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1611", + "question": "Scenario: My son is currently in prison and I want to make contact with him although I am worried that my phone calls will be listened to and my letters might be read by people that are not my son.\n\nQuestion: Are phone calls and letters in prison private?\n\nDocument - Staying in touch with someone in prison:\n## Letters, video and telephone calls\n\n## Letters\n\nYou can contact a prisoner by writing to them. Write the person\u2019s prisoner number on the envelope. Normally there\u2019s no limit on the number of letters you can send.\n\nMost letters sent to and from prison are checked by prison staff.\n\nPrisons cannot open letters from solicitors and courts except in special cases, for example if they suspect a letter is not really from a legal adviser.\n\nYou can complain to the prison if you think your letters are being read when they should not be, or if your letters are not reaching the prisoner.\n\n## Video calls\n\nYou can make video calls to people in some prisons using your mobile phone or tablet.\n\nVideo calls are free at the moment. This is because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nCalls can last up to 30 minutes. A prisoner is allowed 1 video call a month.\n\n## Who can call\n\nYou must be over 18 and on the prisoner\u2019s list of friends and family.\n\nYou can invite up to 3 other people (of any age) on the call if they are on the prisoner\u2019s visitor list.\n\n## How to call\n\n- Find out if the prison offers video calls.\n\n- Install an app on your phone or tablet (it can take up to 24 hours for your account on the app to be verified).\n\n- Check if everyone who wants to join the call is on the prisoner\u2019s list of friends and family.\n\n- Request a video call using the app or ask the prisoner to request a call.\n\n- Prison staff will schedule the call and send confirmation by email.\n\nAll video calls are recorded. Prison staff may watch video calls while they are happening.\n\n## Telephone calls\n\nThe prisoner has to call you using a prison phone.\n\nThey can only call people named on their list of friends and family. This list is checked by security when they first arrive so it may take a few days before they\u2019re able to call.\n\nPrison staff can listen to and record most types of call. Some calls are not monitored, for example when a prisoner calls a legal adviser.\n\nYou can also exchange voice messages with a prisoner using the Prison Voicemail service.\n\n## Email and social media\n\nPrisoners are not allowed to access social networking websites (such as Facebook or Twitter) while they\u2019re in custody.\n\nYou cannot email prisoners directly, but you can use a service called Email a Prisoner. If you send a message this way, it\u2019ll be printed out and delivered by prison staff. Each email costs 40p and you need to buy credit to use the service.\n\nIn some prisons, prisoners can also reply and attach a photo through Email a Prisoner. Check which prisons allow replies.\n\n## Banned items\n\nYou must not send or give anything to a prisoner that:\n\n- is indecent or obscene\n\n- threatens the security of the prison\n\n- is written in code\n\nYou must not take anything written by a prisoner that they want to publish and be paid for.\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence to send or give a prisoner:\n\n- illegal drugs\n\n- alcohol\n\n- weapons\n\n- a camera\n\n- a mobile phone\n\nContact the prison if you\u2019re unsure what you can send or give.\n\n## Sending money\n\nYou can send money to someone in prison by making an online payment by Visa, Mastercard and Maestro debit card.\n\nThe money is paid into the prisoner\u2019s account - a basic cash account they can use to send and receive money.\n\nYou can no longer send money by bank transfer, cheque, postal order or send cash by post to any prison. You\u2019ll need to use a debit card instead.\n\n## If you cannot make an online payment\n\nYou may be able to apply for an exemption - for example if you:\n\n- are unable to use a computer, a smart phone or the internet\n\n- do not have a debit card\n\nThis will allow you to send money by post.\n\nYou can also find out how to get a debit card by setting up a basic bank account.\n\n## Visiting someone in prison\n\nYou can normally visit partners and close family members in some prisons. There are restrictions because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nFind out which prisons are open for visits and what you need to do.\n\nYou can only visit a prisoner if they\u2019ve added you to their visitor list. The prison will contact you once you\u2019re on this list.\n\n## Get help with the cost of visiting someone\n\nYou might be able to get help paying for a prison visit, for example travel costs, if you\u2019re receiving certain benefits.\n\n## How often you can visit someone in prison\n\nA convicted prisoner is usually allowed at least two 1-hour visits every 4 weeks.\n\nA prisoner on remand (waiting for their trial) is allowed three 1-hour visits a week.\n\nYou can find out more about the exact rules on visits on the prison information page of the prison you\u2019re visiting.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/staying-in-touch-with-someone-in-prison", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My son is currently in prison and I want to make contact with him although I am worried that my phone calls will be listened to and my letters might be read by people that are not my son.", + "original_question": "Are phone calls and letters in prison private?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1612", + "question": "Scenario: My cousin has recently been convicted and is now in prison although I can not afford to go and visit him because I am unemoloyed and only claim benifits. I think I am entitled to get extra money to visit the person in prison but I am not sure.\n\nQuestion: Can I get financial help so I can go and see my cousin in prison.\n\nDocument - Staying in touch with someone in prison:\n## Letters, video and telephone calls\n\n## Letters\n\nYou can contact a prisoner by writing to them. Write the person\u2019s prisoner number on the envelope. Normally there\u2019s no limit on the number of letters you can send.\n\nMost letters sent to and from prison are checked by prison staff.\n\nPrisons cannot open letters from solicitors and courts except in special cases, for example if they suspect a letter is not really from a legal adviser.\n\nYou can complain to the prison if you think your letters are being read when they should not be, or if your letters are not reaching the prisoner.\n\n## Video calls\n\nYou can make video calls to people in some prisons using your mobile phone or tablet.\n\nVideo calls are free at the moment. This is because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nCalls can last up to 30 minutes. A prisoner is allowed 1 video call a month.\n\n## Who can call\n\nYou must be over 18 and on the prisoner\u2019s list of friends and family.\n\nYou can invite up to 3 other people (of any age) on the call if they are on the prisoner\u2019s visitor list.\n\n## How to call\n\n- Find out if the prison offers video calls.\n\n- Install an app on your phone or tablet (it can take up to 24 hours for your account on the app to be verified).\n\n- Check if everyone who wants to join the call is on the prisoner\u2019s list of friends and family.\n\n- Request a video call using the app or ask the prisoner to request a call.\n\n- Prison staff will schedule the call and send confirmation by email.\n\nAll video calls are recorded. Prison staff may watch video calls while they are happening.\n\n## Telephone calls\n\nThe prisoner has to call you using a prison phone.\n\nThey can only call people named on their list of friends and family. This list is checked by security when they first arrive so it may take a few days before they\u2019re able to call.\n\nPrison staff can listen to and record most types of call. Some calls are not monitored, for example when a prisoner calls a legal adviser.\n\nYou can also exchange voice messages with a prisoner using the Prison Voicemail service.\n\n## Email and social media\n\nPrisoners are not allowed to access social networking websites (such as Facebook or Twitter) while they\u2019re in custody.\n\nYou cannot email prisoners directly, but you can use a service called Email a Prisoner. If you send a message this way, it\u2019ll be printed out and delivered by prison staff. Each email costs 40p and you need to buy credit to use the service.\n\nIn some prisons, prisoners can also reply and attach a photo through Email a Prisoner. Check which prisons allow replies.\n\n## Banned items\n\nYou must not send or give anything to a prisoner that:\n\n- is indecent or obscene\n\n- threatens the security of the prison\n\n- is written in code\n\nYou must not take anything written by a prisoner that they want to publish and be paid for.\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence to send or give a prisoner:\n\n- illegal drugs\n\n- alcohol\n\n- weapons\n\n- a camera\n\n- a mobile phone\n\nContact the prison if you\u2019re unsure what you can send or give.\n\n## Sending money\n\nYou can send money to someone in prison by making an online payment by Visa, Mastercard and Maestro debit card.\n\nThe money is paid into the prisoner\u2019s account - a basic cash account they can use to send and receive money.\n\nYou can no longer send money by bank transfer, cheque, postal order or send cash by post to any prison. You\u2019ll need to use a debit card instead.\n\n## If you cannot make an online payment\n\nYou may be able to apply for an exemption - for example if you:\n\n- are unable to use a computer, a smart phone or the internet\n\n- do not have a debit card\n\nThis will allow you to send money by post.\n\nYou can also find out how to get a debit card by setting up a basic bank account.\n\n## Visiting someone in prison\n\nYou can normally visit partners and close family members in some prisons. There are restrictions because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nFind out which prisons are open for visits and what you need to do.\n\nYou can only visit a prisoner if they\u2019ve added you to their visitor list. The prison will contact you once you\u2019re on this list.\n\n## Get help with the cost of visiting someone\n\nYou might be able to get help paying for a prison visit, for example travel costs, if you\u2019re receiving certain benefits.\n\n## How often you can visit someone in prison\n\nA convicted prisoner is usually allowed at least two 1-hour visits every 4 weeks.\n\nA prisoner on remand (waiting for their trial) is allowed three 1-hour visits a week.\n\nYou can find out more about the exact rules on visits on the prison information page of the prison you\u2019re visiting.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/staying-in-touch-with-someone-in-prison", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My cousin has recently been convicted and is now in prison although I can not afford to go and visit him because I am unemoloyed and only claim benifits. I think I am entitled to get extra money to visit the person in prison but I am not sure.", + "original_question": "Can I get financial help so I can go and see my cousin in prison." + }, + { + "id": "train-1613", + "question": "Scenario: I have a disability and I have recently bought a new vehicle. I am unsure about how much tax I should be paying.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to pay for tax? How much will I pay if I have to?\n\nDocument - Change your vehicle's tax class:\n## Vehicle changes that affect tax\n\nIf you make changes to your vehicle it could affect:\n\n- how much vehicle tax you pay\n\n- your vehicle\u2019s tax class\n\nChanges that affect your vehicle include:\n\n- the engine size (cc)\n\n- the fuel type\n\n- the weight (goods vehicles only)\n\n- the number of seats (buses only)\n\n- what you use the vehicle for, for example using a minibus for profit\n\nYou will not have to pay vehicle tax or will pay a lower rate if it\u2019s being used by:\n\n- a disabled person\n\n- an organisation providing transport for disabled people\n\n## How to change your vehicle\u2019s tax class\n\nHow you change your vehicle\u2019s tax class depends on if:\n\n- the tax is due to run out (you\u2019ve had a reminder or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter)\n\n- the tax is not due to run out\n\n- you\u2019re changing whether or not the vehicle is exempt from vehicle tax, for example changing a car into or out of the disabled tax class\n\n## Work out the new tax rate\n\nYou need to work out if you\u2019ll need to pay more tax because of the change.\n\n- Find out the new rate of vehicle tax.\n\n- Work out the difference between the old and new rates of your vehicle tax. For example, if the old rate is \u00a3100 and the new rate is \u00a3130, the difference is \u00a330.\n\n- Divide the difference by the number of months you pay your tax over. For example, \u00a330 divided by 12 months is \u00a32.50.\n\n- Multiply this by the number of months remaining on the tax. For example, \u00a32.50 multiplied by 4 months is \u00a310.\n\n- Pay the extra vehicle tax. In this example you would need to pay \u00a310 extra tax.\n\n## If the tax rate increases\n\nYou have to pay the increased rate from the first day of the month you change the tax rate in.\n\n## If the tax rate decreases\n\nYou pay the decreased rate from the first day of the next month.\n\n## Tax is not due to run out\n\nUse form V70 to change your vehicle\u2019s tax class if the tax is not due to run out.\n\nYou apply a different way if you\u2019ve had a reminder letter or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter.\n\n## What to send\n\nSend the form to DVLA with:\n\n- the V5C vehicle registration certificate (log book) with any changes marked on it\n\n- a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVLA, Swansea\u2019 for any extra vehicle tax you have to pay - damaged or altered cheques will not be accepted\n\n- a current MOT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)\n\n- written proof if you\u2019ve decreased engine size or changed fuel type, for example a new engine receipt or letter from the garage that made the change\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)\n\nIf you do not have the V5C, download and fill in a V62 form. Send it to DVLA with the \u00a325 fee.\n\n## Lorries and buses\n\nYou also need to send the following if they\u2019re required for your vehicle:\n\n- a plating or weight certificate\n\n- for buses only - a certificate of initial fitness, certificate of conformity or equivalent PSV401, PSV408, PDV500 or PSV506\n\n## What happens next\n\n- You\u2019ll get a confirmation from DVLA that the change has been made.\n\n- DVLA will send you an updated V5C.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a refund if you\u2019re due one. It will take longer than usual to send your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.\n\n## Tax is due to run out or changing if the vehicle is exempt\n\nChange your vehicle\u2019s tax class at a Post Office that deals with vehicle tax if either:\n\n- the vehicle tax is due to run out (you\u2019ve had a reminder or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter)\n\n- you\u2019re changing whether a vehicle is exempt from vehicle tax or not, for example, it\u2019s being used by a disabled person\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for a vehicle tax reduction because you\u2019re disabled, you need to apply by post to DVLA.\n\n## What to take to the Post Office\n\n## Vehicle registration documents\n\nTake the V5C registration certificate (log book) in your name.\n\nIf you do not have one, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- a completed application for a new registration certificate - either download form V62 or get it from the Post Office\n\n- your \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip, if you\u2019ve just bought the vehicle\n\nA new registration certificate is free if you have a \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip. Otherwise the cost is \u00a325.\n\n## Other documents\n\nYou must also take:\n\n- your vehicle tax reminder letter (V11) if you have one\n\n- an MOT certificate that\u2019s valid when the tax starts, or evidence if your vehicle\u2019s exempt from an MOT (V112)\n\n- evidence of any eligibility for a disability exemption\n\n- payment for vehicle tax (if you have to pay for your new tax class)\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)\n\nIf you drive a lorry or bus, you also need to take the vehicle\u2019s latest annual test certificate or exemption (V112G).\n\n## What happens next\n\n- The Post Office sends your V5C, new keeper slip or V62 to DVLA.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a confirmation from DVLA that the change has been made.\n\n- DVLA will send you an updated V5C.\n\n- DVLA will send you a refund if you\u2019re due one. It will take longer than usual to send your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-tax-class", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a disability and I have recently bought a new vehicle. I am unsure about how much tax I should be paying.", + "original_question": "Do I have to pay for tax? How much will I pay if I have to?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1615", + "question": "Scenario: I have just turned 18 and I have been convicted for three crimes, theift, vandalism and bodily harm to others I think that my age might reduce my sentence but I am not sure.\n\nQuestion: Does being a younger person reduce my collective sentences?\n\nDocument - Types of prison sentences:\n## Concurrent and consecutive sentences\n\nIf someone\u2019s convicted of committing more than one crime, they\u2019re usually given a sentence for each crime.\n\nConcurrent sentences are served at the same time.\n\nConsecutive sentences are served one after the other, for example a 6 month sentence followed by a 3 month sentence.\n\nThe judge (or magistrate) tells the person what type of sentence they get and how it must be served.\n\n## Suspended prison sentences\n\nA \u2018suspended\u2019 prison sentence is carried out in the community.\n\nThe person has to meet certain conditions, for example:\n\n- having to stay away from a certain place or person\n\n- doing unpaid work - called \u2018Community Payback\u2019\n\nIf the person breaks the conditions of their sentence they can be sent to prison.\n\n## Determinate prison sentences - fixed length of time\n\nA \u2018determinate\u2019 prison sentence is for a fixed length of time.\n\n## If the sentence is for 12 months or more\n\nFor prison sentences of 12 months or more the person spends the first half of the sentence in prison and the second half in the community \u2018on licence\u2019.\n\nIf they break any licence conditions, for example they commit another crime, they could go back to prison.\n\n## If the sentence is under 12 months\n\nFor prison sentences under 12 months, the person\u2019s normally released automatically halfway through.\n\n## Indeterminate prison sentences - no fixed length of time\n\nAn \u2018indeterminate\u2019 prison sentence does not have a fixed length of time.\n\nThis means:\n\n- no date is set when the person will be released\n\n- they have to spend a minimum amount of time in prison (called a \u2018tariff\u2019) before they\u2019re considered for release\n\nThe Parole Board is responsible for deciding if someone can be released from prison.\n\nIndeterminate sentences are given if a court thinks an offender is a danger to the public.\n\n## Life sentences\n\nIf a person\u2019s found guilty of murder, a court must give them a life sentence.\n\nA court may choose to give a life sentence for serious offences like:\n\n- rape\n\n- armed robbery\n\nA life sentence lasts for the rest of a person\u2019s life \u2013 if they\u2019re released from prison and commit another crime they can be sent back to prison at any time.\n\n## Whole life term\n\nA whole life term means there\u2019s no minimum term set by the judge, and the person\u2019s never considered for release.\n\n## Sentences for young people\n\nPeople under 18 get different sentences to adults.\n\n## Detention and Training Order\n\nA Detention and Training Order can be given to someone aged between 12 and 17.\n\nThey last between 4 months and 2 years.\n\nThe first half of a Detention and Training Order is served in custody, the second half is served in the community.\n\n## Violent or sexual crimes\n\nFor severe crimes - usually violent or sexual - young people can get an \u2018extended sentence\u2019. They could spend a long time in custody, and when released they\u2019ll be put under supervision for a long time (for example being tagged).\n\n## Murder\n\nFor murder, the court sets the minimum amount of time to be spent in custody. The young person can\u2019t apply for parole before this time.\n\nWhen released, the young person will be kept under supervision for the rest of their life.\n\n## Other serious crimes\n\nSometimes the sentence for a young person can last as long as the sentence for an adult for the same offence (but not longer). This includes life sentences.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/types-of-prison-sentence", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just turned 18 and I have been convicted for three crimes, theift, vandalism and bodily harm to others I think that my age might reduce my sentence but I am not sure.", + "original_question": "Does being a younger person reduce my collective sentences?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1621", + "question": "Scenario: I have a car that has just become 40 years old since the date it was registered. The car has had the entire subframe replaced last year.\n\nQuestion: Is the vehicle eligible to exempt from MOT with the replacement of the subframe?\n\nDocument - Historic (classic) vehicles: MOT and vehicle tax:\n## Eligibility\n\nThe date your vehicle was built or first registered affects whether you need to:\n\n- get an MOT\n\n- pay vehicle tax\n\n## Vehicles that do not need an MOT\n\nYou do not need to get an MOT if:\n\n- the vehicle was built or first registered more than 40 years ago\n\n- no \u2018substantial changes\u2019 have been made to the vehicle in the last 30 years, for example replacing the chassis, body, axles or engine to change the way the vehicle works\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure if there have been any substantial changes you can:\n\n- read the full guidance on MOT exemptions for historic vehicles\n\n- speak to a historic vehicle expert\n\n## Vehicles exempt from vehicle tax\n\nIf your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981, you can stop paying vehicle tax from 1 April 2021.\n\nIf you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was registered before 8 January 1981, you do not need to pay vehicle tax from 1 April 2021.\n\n## What you have to do\n\nYou must apply for a vehicle tax exemption to stop paying vehicle tax. This is sometimes called putting a vehicle into the \u2018historic tax class\u2019.\n\nYou do not have to apply to stop getting an MOT for your vehicle each year. However, you must still keep it in a roadworthy condition.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a32,500 and get 3 penalty points for using a vehicle in a dangerous condition.\n\n## Historic vehicle tax exemption\n\nYou can apply to stop paying for vehicle tax from 1 April 2021 if your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981. You must tax your vehicle even if you do not have to pay.\n\nIf you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was first registered before 8 January 1981, you can still apply to stop paying vehicle tax.\n\nYour vehicle will not be exempt from vehicle tax if:\n\n- it\u2019s used for hire or reward (for example, it\u2019s used as a taxi for paying customers)\n\n- it\u2019s used commercially for a trade or business\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure if your vehicle is exempt.\n\n## Eligible vehicles\n\nYou can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- cars\n\n- vans\n\n- motorcycles\n\n- tricycles\n\n## Large vehicles and buses\n\nYou can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- private heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) - they cannot be designed or adapted for transporting goods, or be used for driver training\n\n- buses used for voluntary or community purposes\n\n## Specialist vehicles\n\nYou can also apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- mobile cranes and pumps\n\n- road rollers, works trucks and digging machines\n\n- agricultural machines and mowing machines\n\n- snowploughs and gritting vehicles\n\n- electric vehicles\n\n- steam vehicles\n\n## Apply for a vehicle tax exemption\n\nApply at a Post Office that deals with vehicle tax.\n\nYou need to take:\n\n- the log book (V5C) in your name\n\n- your vehicle tax reminder letter (V11), if you have one\n\n- an MOT certificate that\u2019s valid when the tax starts, or evidence if your vehicle\u2019s exempt from an MOT (V112)\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)\n\nIf you do not have the log book, download and fill in an application for a log book (V62). Take it to the Post Office with the \u00a325 fee.\n\n## What happens next\n\n- The Post Office sends your log book to DVLA.\n\n- DVLA will send you an updated log book.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a refund (if you\u2019re due one). It will take longer than usual to get your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVLA if you have not got your refund within 6 weeks of getting your updated log book.\n\nYou can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.\n\n## Renewing your historic vehicle's vehicle tax\n\nDVLA will send you a vehicle tax reminder letter before your tax is due to expire. You\u2019ll need to tax your vehicle, but will not need to pay.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to drive your vehicle if you have not taxed it. You can be fined \u00a380 if you do not tax your vehicle on time.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/historic-vehicles", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a car that has just become 40 years old since the date it was registered. The car has had the entire subframe replaced last year.", + "original_question": "Is the vehicle eligible to exempt from MOT with the replacement of the subframe?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1622", + "question": "Scenario: My van was registered on the 1 January 1981. I do not know when the van was built, but I know it must have been built before this date.\n\nQuestion: Will the van be eligible to be considered a historic vehicle in this case?\n\nDocument - Historic (classic) vehicles: MOT and vehicle tax:\n## Eligibility\n\nThe date your vehicle was built or first registered affects whether you need to:\n\n- get an MOT\n\n- pay vehicle tax\n\n## Vehicles that do not need an MOT\n\nYou do not need to get an MOT if:\n\n- the vehicle was built or first registered more than 40 years ago\n\n- no \u2018substantial changes\u2019 have been made to the vehicle in the last 30 years, for example replacing the chassis, body, axles or engine to change the way the vehicle works\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure if there have been any substantial changes you can:\n\n- read the full guidance on MOT exemptions for historic vehicles\n\n- speak to a historic vehicle expert\n\n## Vehicles exempt from vehicle tax\n\nIf your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981, you can stop paying vehicle tax from 1 April 2021.\n\nIf you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was registered before 8 January 1981, you do not need to pay vehicle tax from 1 April 2021.\n\n## What you have to do\n\nYou must apply for a vehicle tax exemption to stop paying vehicle tax. This is sometimes called putting a vehicle into the \u2018historic tax class\u2019.\n\nYou do not have to apply to stop getting an MOT for your vehicle each year. However, you must still keep it in a roadworthy condition.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a32,500 and get 3 penalty points for using a vehicle in a dangerous condition.\n\n## Historic vehicle tax exemption\n\nYou can apply to stop paying for vehicle tax from 1 April 2021 if your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981. You must tax your vehicle even if you do not have to pay.\n\nIf you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was first registered before 8 January 1981, you can still apply to stop paying vehicle tax.\n\nYour vehicle will not be exempt from vehicle tax if:\n\n- it\u2019s used for hire or reward (for example, it\u2019s used as a taxi for paying customers)\n\n- it\u2019s used commercially for a trade or business\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure if your vehicle is exempt.\n\n## Eligible vehicles\n\nYou can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- cars\n\n- vans\n\n- motorcycles\n\n- tricycles\n\n## Large vehicles and buses\n\nYou can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- private heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) - they cannot be designed or adapted for transporting goods, or be used for driver training\n\n- buses used for voluntary or community purposes\n\n## Specialist vehicles\n\nYou can also apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- mobile cranes and pumps\n\n- road rollers, works trucks and digging machines\n\n- agricultural machines and mowing machines\n\n- snowploughs and gritting vehicles\n\n- electric vehicles\n\n- steam vehicles\n\n## Apply for a vehicle tax exemption\n\nApply at a Post Office that deals with vehicle tax.\n\nYou need to take:\n\n- the log book (V5C) in your name\n\n- your vehicle tax reminder letter (V11), if you have one\n\n- an MOT certificate that\u2019s valid when the tax starts, or evidence if your vehicle\u2019s exempt from an MOT (V112)\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)\n\nIf you do not have the log book, download and fill in an application for a log book (V62). Take it to the Post Office with the \u00a325 fee.\n\n## What happens next\n\n- The Post Office sends your log book to DVLA.\n\n- DVLA will send you an updated log book.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a refund (if you\u2019re due one). It will take longer than usual to get your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVLA if you have not got your refund within 6 weeks of getting your updated log book.\n\nYou can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.\n\n## Renewing your historic vehicle's vehicle tax\n\nDVLA will send you a vehicle tax reminder letter before your tax is due to expire. You\u2019ll need to tax your vehicle, but will not need to pay.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to drive your vehicle if you have not taxed it. You can be fined \u00a380 if you do not tax your vehicle on time.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/historic-vehicles", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My van was registered on the 1 January 1981. I do not know when the van was built, but I know it must have been built before this date.", + "original_question": "Will the van be eligible to be considered a historic vehicle in this case?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1623", + "question": "Scenario: I passed my test about six months ago and am insured to drive my parents' car (I am eighteen). I am very wary about the idea of motorway driving, however.\n\nQuestion: Can this scheme help me work on my motorway driving skills?\n\nDocument - Pass Plus:\n## Overview\n\nPass Plus is a practical training course that takes at least 6 hours and is for drivers to improve their skills and drive more safely.\n\nIt can be taken at any time although it should be most useful to new drivers in the year after passing their test.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Pass Plus registered approved driving instructor (ADI) to teach you.\n\nIt may help you get a car insurance discount if you successfully complete the course.\n\n## Booking Pass Plus\n\nYou need to book Pass Plus with an approved driving instructor (ADI) who is registered with Pass Plus.\n\nYou can contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to check if an instructor is registered with Pass Plus. You\u2019ll need their name and ADI number.\n\n## Fees\n\nPass Plus fees depend on where you live, the instructor or driving school and how long your training takes.\n\nSome local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs.\n\n## Local councils offering discounts\n\nSome local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs\n\nContact your borough, town, city or county council if they are listed to see if they can help you with the cost of your training.\n\nYou must live in the council\u2019s area to be eligible for the discount.\n\n## East Midlands\n\n## North-west\n\n## South-east\n\n## South-west\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\nAll local councils in Wales offer discounted Pass Plus courses. Go to Pass Plus Cymru for more information.\n\n## How Pass Plus training works\n\nPass Plus training takes at least 6 hours. It has 6 modules, covering driving:\n\n- in town\n\n- in all weathers\n\n- on rural roads\n\n- at night\n\n- on dual carriageways\n\n- on motorways\n\nAll modules should be practical sessions, although local conditions may mean some are theory based. You\u2019ll normally spend at least 5.5 hours driving.\n\nYou will not take a test but you\u2019ll be assessed throughout the course. To pass you\u2019ll have to reach the required standard in all modules.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) Pass Plus team for more information.\n\n## Apply for a Pass Plus certificate\n\nYou must apply for your own Pass Plus certificate if you want one.\n\nYou need a certificate if you want a discount on your car insurance.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a training report form from your instructor when you\u2019ve reached the required standard in all modules. You and your instructor must sign the form.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) Pass Plus team to apply for your certificate.\n\n## Car insurance discounts\n\nOnce you\u2019ve completed Pass Plus you may be able to get a car insurance discount. You\u2019ll need your Pass Plus certificate.\n\nCheck with insurers that you can still get a discount if you passed your practical driving test more than a year ago.\n\nThe amount of discount depends on the insurance company. Not all insurers offer Pass Plus discounts.\n\nYou might be able to put the discount on hold for up to 2 years if you do not have a car at the moment - check with the insurance company first.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I passed my test about six months ago and am insured to drive my parents' car (I am eighteen). I am very wary about the idea of motorway driving, however.", + "original_question": "Can this scheme help me work on my motorway driving skills?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1628", + "question": "Scenario: I am due to being released soon snd I have a young child who is currently staying withmy parents although I am going to be staying with them after I leave prison.\n\nQuestion: Can I see my child before leaving prison so they adjust to seeing me more.\n\nDocument - Leaving prison:\n## When someone can leave prison\n\nWhen a prisoner is released depends on:\n\n- the length of their sentence\n\n- their behaviour in prison\n\n- any time spent on remand (waiting for their trial)\n\n## If the prisoner has a fixed term (determinate) sentence\n\nA prisoner serving a determinate sentence is normally released automatically halfway through their sentence.\n\nIf their sentence is 12 months or more, they\u2019ll be released on probation.\n\nA Parole Board is not involved.\n\n## When a Parole Board reviews a case\n\nPrisoners can apply for parole if they have an extended sentence, or a fixed-term sentence for:\n\n- 4 years or more\n\n- a serious violent or sexual crime committed before 4 April 2005\n\n## If the prisoner has a non fixed term (indeterminate) or life sentence\n\nThe government will apply for parole on the prisoner\u2019s behalf.\n\n## Temporary release from prison\n\nA prisoner may be allowed to leave prison for short periods towards the end of their sentence - whatever its type or length.\n\nHowever, the prison will not release someone if it thinks they\u2019re a risk to the public or may commit more crime.\n\n## Resettlement day release\n\nA resettlement day release lets a prisoner out during the day - for example to go on a training course to help them find work once they\u2019re released.\n\n## Resettlement overnight release\n\nA resettlement overnight release lets a prisoner spend the night at the place they\u2019ll live at after they\u2019re released.\n\n## Childcare resettlement licence\n\nA childcare resettlement licence lets a prisoner spend time with their child. They can only apply for this if they\u2019ll be the sole carer of a child when they finish their prison sentence.\n\n## Before someone leaves prison\n\nAll prisoners get help preparing for life when they leave prison. In the last 12 weeks of their sentence, they\u2019re given advice and support on:\n\n- finding somewhere to live\n\n- getting a job\n\n- looking after money\n\nPrisoners get additional support if they:\n\n- have abused substances (such as drugs or alcohol)\n\n- are sex workers\n\n- are the victim of domestic violence\n\nMost prisoners spend the last few months of their sentence in a prison near where they plan to live.\n\n## Support when someone leaves prison\n\nA person leaving prison may get the following financial support:\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- help from your local council\n\n- Scottish Welfare Fund in Scotland\n\n- Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales\n\nPrisons may also work with organisations in their local area, such as charities, to help prisoners prepare for their release. You can find out about these organisations in the prison information pages.\n\n## Useful websites\n\nThere are organisations that can provide support for people leaving prison, including:\n\n- Nacro (previously National Association for the Care and Resettlement of Offenders)\n\n- Prison Reform Trust\n\n- The Hardman Directory\n\n- Shelter\n\n- Unlock", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leaving-prison", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am due to being released soon snd I have a young child who is currently staying withmy parents although I am going to be staying with them after I leave prison.", + "original_question": "Can I see my child before leaving prison so they adjust to seeing me more." + }, + { + "id": "train-1634", + "question": "Scenario: My brother had booked his drink-driving course to reduce his driving ban. He now wants to change to another course provider.\n\nQuestion: Will he pay to change?\n\nDocument - Drink-drive rehabilitation courses:\n## When you can take a course\n\nYou can be offered a rehabilitation course to reduce your driving ban if:\n\n- you\u2019re found guilty of a drink-drive offence\n\n- your ban is for 12 months or more\n\nYou have to pay to take the course. It can cost up to \u00a3250.\n\n## Reducing the length of your ban\n\nYour ban will be reduced if you complete the course within a certain time. The ban is usually reduced by a quarter.\n\n## Deciding to take a course\n\nYou have to decide in court if you want to take a course or not. You cannot change your mind later.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for taking a drink-drive course in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Choose a course\n\nBefore you go to court, find a drink-drive course that you want to take if you\u2019re found guilty and offered a course.\n\nThe court will send your details to the course provider. They\u2019ll then send you details of:\n\n- the available course dates\n\n- when you must complete your course by\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for completing the course by the deadline.\n\n## Changing courses\n\nYou can change to another course with a different provider at any point before you book. It\u2019s free to change your course.\n\nAsk the provider of the course you\u2019d originally chosen to arrange this.\n\n## How the course works\n\nThe course aims to stop you from drink-driving again. They:\n\n- are face-to-face\n\n- take place over 16 hours (usually run on 3 days spread over 3 weeks)\n\n- will have other drink-drive offenders at them\n\nThe course syllabus tells you more about what\u2019s covered during the course.\n\n## After the course\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018certificate of course completion\u2019 from the course provider when you complete the course. They\u2019ll also send a copy to the court that sentenced you.\n\nThe court will tell DVLA so that your driving ban is reduced.\n\nYour driving ban will not be reduced if you do not complete the course or do not pay for your course.\n\n## If you\u2019re a \u2018high risk offender\u2019\n\nYou need to reapply for a driving licence and take a medical if you\u2019re classified as a \u2018high risk offender\u2019. Check with your course provider if you\u2019re not sure if you are.\n\n## Complain about a course\n\nComplain to the course provider if you\u2019re not happy with the course.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency if you cannot sort out the problem with the course provider.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drink-drive-course", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother had booked his drink-driving course to reduce his driving ban. He now wants to change to another course provider.", + "original_question": "Will he pay to change?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1636", + "question": "Scenario: I participated in an employment tribunal against my employer with a group of colleagues. I was not lead claimant, but I did pay for the tribunal fees.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to get a refund on the tribunal fees?\n\nDocument - Make a claim to an employment tribunal:\n## When you can claim\n\nYou can make a claim to an employment tribunal if you think someone has treated you unlawfully, such as your employer, a potential employer or a trade union.\n\nUnlawful treatment can include:\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n- discrimination\n\n- unfair deductions from your pay\n\nThis guide and the online service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou usually have to make a claim to the tribunal within 3 months of your employment ending or the problem happening.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to you (the \u2018claimant\u2019) and the person you\u2019re making a claim against (the \u2018respondent\u2019) before making a decision.\n\nSee if there\u2019s another way to solve the problem before you make a claim to a tribunal, such as using a grievance procedure.\n\n## Before you make a claim\n\nYou must tell the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) that you intend to make a claim to the tribunal.\n\nYou\u2019ll be offered the chance to try and settle the dispute without going to court by using Acas\u2019s free \u2018Early Conciliation\u2019 service.\n\nIf early conciliation does not work, Acas will send you an early conciliation certificate - use this when you make a claim to the tribunal.\n\nOnce you receive your certificate, you\u2019ll have at least one month left to make your claim.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nCall the Employment Tribunal customer contact centre if you have any questions about your claim. They cannot give you legal advice.\n\nCall Acas if you have any questions about early conciliation. They cannot answer questions about your claim.\n\n## Legal help\n\nYou may want to get legal help or advice if you\u2019re in England and Wales or Scotland before you make your claim.\n\nYour trade union may be able to pay for a solicitor.\n\nYou can also get free legal advice from Citizens Advice or Citizens Advice Scotland.\n\nThe Equality Advisory and Support Service can help if your claim is about discrimination. You may also be able to get legal aid.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nYou can make a claim to the employment tribunal online.\n\nYou should read the guidance for whistleblowing if it relates to your claim.\n\nThis online service is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nClaim online\n\n## Make a claim by post\n\nYou can also download and fill in a claim form.\n\nRead the guidance for making a claim before you fill in the form. You should also read the guidance for whistleblowing if it relates to your claim.\n\nYou do not have to pay a fee to make a claim to the Employment Tribunal, even if it says so on the form.\n\nSend your completed form to one of the following addresses, depending on where you were working.\n\n## Talk-through service\n\nUse the employment tribunal talk-through service only if you\u2019re unable to use a computer without help.\n\nBefore calling make sure you have:\n\n- your Acas early conciliation certificate number or a valid reason why you do not have one\n\n- details of your claim including the background, dates and people involved\n\nThis service will not give you advice on the details of your claim. Contact the number for general enquiries instead.\n\n## After you make a claim\n\nThe respondent usually has to reply to your claim in writing within 28 days of getting your claim form. They will give their side of the case.\n\nOnce they\u2019ve replied, the tribunal will decide whether there will be a full hearing to decide on your case.\n\nIf they do not reply, the tribunal may decide on your case without you having to go to a hearing.\n\n## Hearings and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person.\n\nIf you\u2019re a legal professional, read guidance on how cases are affected by COVID-19.\n\n## \u2018Preliminary hearing\u2019\n\nYou may be asked to go to an initial hearing (called a preliminary hearing) with the judge to decide on things like:\n\n- whether part or all of your claim can go ahead\n\n- the date and time of a hearing\n\n- how long the hearing should take\n\n## Arrange documents\n\nYou can ask the respondent for documents that will help you with your case, and they can request documents from you.\n\nExamples of documents include:\n\n- a contract of employment\n\n- pay slips\n\n- details of your pension scheme\n\n- notes from relevant meetings you attended at work\n\nUsually the tribunal will issue an order setting out a timetable for when you should exchange documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how many copies of each document to bring to the hearing.\n\n## Organise witnesses\n\nYou can bring witnesses to the hearing if they can give evidence directly relevant to your case.\n\nIf you ask a witness to attend and they do not want to, you can ask the tribunal to order them to come. You must apply in writing to the tribunal office dealing with your case, giving:\n\n- the name and address of the witness\n\n- details of what the witness may be able to say and how it will help your case\n\n- the reason the witness has refused to attend (if they gave you one)\n\nYou\u2019ll most likely be responsible for paying the witness\u2019s expenses.\n\n## Going to a tribunal hearing\n\nCases are normally held at the employment tribunal office closest to where you worked.\n\nYou must take the documents you\u2019re using to support your case. You can take a colleague or someone else with you if you want.\n\nYou cannot claim for expenses for going to the hearing.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. If you need to attend in person, find out what to expect when coming to your hearing. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll present your case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The respondent will present their case against you.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally give evidence first, unless your case is about unfair dismissal. You can also call witnesses to give evidence.\n\nYou will usually be asked questions by:\n\n- the judge\n\n- the respondent\n\n- two other tribunal members (only in certain cases)\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the decision in the post a few days or weeks after the hearing. The decision will be published on GOV.UK. In certain cases you may also be given the decision at the hearing.\n\n## If you win your case\n\nIf you win your case, the tribunal can order the losing party to do certain things depending on the type of case. Examples include:\n\n- paying you compensation\n\n- paying you any witness expenses you\u2019ve paid\n\n- improving your working conditions\n\n- giving you your job back, if appropriate\n\nIf you get compensation, the amount can depend on:\n\n- the type of case - there are limits on certain cases\n\n- how much money you\u2019ve lost because of the respondent\u2019s actions\n\n- your age, length of service and salary\n\n## If the respondent does not pay\n\nIf you do not get your payment, contact them to find out why.\n\nIf they still do not pay you can ask to have them fined and named online by the government. You can also ask a court to force them to pay.\n\nYou cannot do these things if the respondent has appealed, or is about to. They have 42 days to appeal.\n\n## Get the respondent fined and named online by the government\n\nUse the penalty enforcement form. Post it to the address on the form or email it to the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy.\n\nThe respondent will initially get a warning notice telling them they may be fined, and named online by the government.\n\nIf they do not pay the compensation within 28 days of this notice they\u2019ll have to pay a fine and may be named online by the government.\n\nYou can still get a court to force them to pay.\n\n## Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in England or Wales\n\nYou can use the Fast Track scheme to send a High Court Enforcement Officer - similar to a bailiff - to demand payment from the respondent.\n\nIt costs \u00a366, which you get back from the respondent when they pay.\n\nFill in the Fast Track Enforcement form (or the Acas settlement form if your case was settled before a hearing) and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can also ask the local county court to send an enforcement officer to get the money from the respondent. This costs \u00a344.\n\nFill in an application to enforce an award form and send it with a copy of the tribunal\u2019s decision to your local county court.\n\n## Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nWrite to the office that heard your case and ask for an \u2018extract of the judgment\u2019. A sheriff officer can use this to force the respondent to pay.\n\nIf the respondent is \u2018insolvent\u2019 (for example, they\u2019re in administration, liquidation or receivership) you can make a claim for money they owe you, including redundancy payments.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou can ask the tribunal to reconsider the decision (or \u2018judgment\u2019) if you lose your case.\n\nYou must write to the tribunal office within 14 days of getting the decision, saying why you want it to be reconsidered.\n\nYou also need to give good reasons, for example:\n\n- the tribunal made a mistake in the way it reached its decision\n\n- you were not told about the hearing, or were not at the hearing\n\n- there\u2019s new evidence\n\nSend your letter to the tribunal office that dealt with your case.\n\n## Appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal\n\nYou can also appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal if you think the employment tribunal made a legal mistake.\n\n## Get a refund for tribunal fees\n\nYou can get a refund if you paid fees at an Employment Tribunal or Employment Appeals Tribunal between 29 July 2013 and 26 July 2017.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply online if:\n\n- you have not changed your name since you made the claim to the tribunal\n\n- your claim was against one employer\n\n- you have a UK bank account\n\nOtherwise, you can apply by post or email.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include how much you paid in tribunal fees.\n\n## Apply online\n\nUse the service to apply for a refund online.\n\n## Apply by email or post\n\nThe form you use depends on why you paid the fees.\n\nUse form 1/2-CR if:\n\n- you made the claim on your own and paid the fees\n\n- a claim was brought against you and you were ordered to pay someone\u2019s fees, or if you paid any other fees to the tribunal\n\n- you were the \u2018lead claimant\u2019 in a joint (\u2018multiple\u2019) claim for less than 11 people\n\nUse form 3-S if:\n\n- you paid the fees for someone else to make the claim\n\n- you were the \u2018lead claimant\u2019 in a joint (\u2018multiple\u2019) claim for over 10 people\n\nSend your completed form by post or email to HM Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS).\n\n## Get help applying\n\nContact HMCTS if you need help applying or have questions about refunds.\n\nFind out about call charges.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf you\u2019re entitled to a refund it\u2019ll be transferred to your bank account (plus 0.5% interest). You\u2019ll get a letter confirming the amount.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Employment Tribunal follows rules and processes that you also have to follow.\n\nYou can also read other relevant tribunal rules and regulations.\n\nThe tribunal has issued guidance and practice directions for England and Wales and Scotland which provide more information about specific areas, such as postponing hearings and serving documents.\n\nYou can also read guidance about specific cases.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I participated in an employment tribunal against my employer with a group of colleagues. I was not lead claimant, but I did pay for the tribunal fees.", + "original_question": "Am I able to get a refund on the tribunal fees?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1639", + "question": "Scenario: My neighbour was jailed due to gun related case . His wife Karen cries everyday as she misses him. She is disabled and diabetic.\n\nQuestion: Do they allow video calls in prison?\n\nDocument - Staying in touch with someone in prison:\n## Letters, video and telephone calls\n\n## Letters\n\nYou can contact a prisoner by writing to them. Write the person\u2019s prisoner number on the envelope. Normally there\u2019s no limit on the number of letters you can send.\n\nMost letters sent to and from prison are checked by prison staff.\n\nPrisons cannot open letters from solicitors and courts except in special cases, for example if they suspect a letter is not really from a legal adviser.\n\nYou can complain to the prison if you think your letters are being read when they should not be, or if your letters are not reaching the prisoner.\n\n## Video calls\n\nYou can make video calls to people in some prisons using your mobile phone or tablet.\n\nVideo calls are free at the moment. This is because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nCalls can last up to 30 minutes. A prisoner is allowed 1 video call a month.\n\n## Who can call\n\nYou must be over 18 and on the prisoner\u2019s list of friends and family.\n\nYou can invite up to 3 other people (of any age) on the call if they are on the prisoner\u2019s visitor list.\n\n## How to call\n\n- Find out if the prison offers video calls.\n\n- Install an app on your phone or tablet (it can take up to 24 hours for your account on the app to be verified).\n\n- Check if everyone who wants to join the call is on the prisoner\u2019s list of friends and family.\n\n- Request a video call using the app or ask the prisoner to request a call.\n\n- Prison staff will schedule the call and send confirmation by email.\n\nAll video calls are recorded. Prison staff may watch video calls while they are happening.\n\n## Telephone calls\n\nThe prisoner has to call you using a prison phone.\n\nThey can only call people named on their list of friends and family. This list is checked by security when they first arrive so it may take a few days before they\u2019re able to call.\n\nPrison staff can listen to and record most types of call. Some calls are not monitored, for example when a prisoner calls a legal adviser.\n\nYou can also exchange voice messages with a prisoner using the Prison Voicemail service.\n\n## Email and social media\n\nPrisoners are not allowed to access social networking websites (such as Facebook or Twitter) while they\u2019re in custody.\n\nYou cannot email prisoners directly, but you can use a service called Email a Prisoner. If you send a message this way, it\u2019ll be printed out and delivered by prison staff. Each email costs 40p and you need to buy credit to use the service.\n\nIn some prisons, prisoners can also reply and attach a photo through Email a Prisoner. Check which prisons allow replies.\n\n## Banned items\n\nYou must not send or give anything to a prisoner that:\n\n- is indecent or obscene\n\n- threatens the security of the prison\n\n- is written in code\n\nYou must not take anything written by a prisoner that they want to publish and be paid for.\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence to send or give a prisoner:\n\n- illegal drugs\n\n- alcohol\n\n- weapons\n\n- a camera\n\n- a mobile phone\n\nContact the prison if you\u2019re unsure what you can send or give.\n\n## Sending money\n\nYou can send money to someone in prison by making an online payment by Visa, Mastercard and Maestro debit card.\n\nThe money is paid into the prisoner\u2019s account - a basic cash account they can use to send and receive money.\n\nYou can no longer send money by bank transfer, cheque, postal order or send cash by post to any prison. You\u2019ll need to use a debit card instead.\n\n## If you cannot make an online payment\n\nYou may be able to apply for an exemption - for example if you:\n\n- are unable to use a computer, a smart phone or the internet\n\n- do not have a debit card\n\nThis will allow you to send money by post.\n\nYou can also find out how to get a debit card by setting up a basic bank account.\n\n## Visiting someone in prison\n\nYou can normally visit partners and close family members in some prisons. There are restrictions because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nFind out which prisons are open for visits and what you need to do.\n\nYou can only visit a prisoner if they\u2019ve added you to their visitor list. The prison will contact you once you\u2019re on this list.\n\n## Get help with the cost of visiting someone\n\nYou might be able to get help paying for a prison visit, for example travel costs, if you\u2019re receiving certain benefits.\n\n## How often you can visit someone in prison\n\nA convicted prisoner is usually allowed at least two 1-hour visits every 4 weeks.\n\nA prisoner on remand (waiting for their trial) is allowed three 1-hour visits a week.\n\nYou can find out more about the exact rules on visits on the prison information page of the prison you\u2019re visiting.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/staying-in-touch-with-someone-in-prison", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My neighbour was jailed due to gun related case . His wife Karen cries everyday as she misses him. She is disabled and diabetic.", + "original_question": "Do they allow video calls in prison?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1640", + "question": "Scenario: My brother has been jailed and my father is very worried and would like to know which items are allowed in prison.\n\nQuestion: Can he take a mobile phone to him?\n\nDocument - Staying in touch with someone in prison:\n## Letters, video and telephone calls\n\n## Letters\n\nYou can contact a prisoner by writing to them. Write the person\u2019s prisoner number on the envelope. Normally there\u2019s no limit on the number of letters you can send.\n\nMost letters sent to and from prison are checked by prison staff.\n\nPrisons cannot open letters from solicitors and courts except in special cases, for example if they suspect a letter is not really from a legal adviser.\n\nYou can complain to the prison if you think your letters are being read when they should not be, or if your letters are not reaching the prisoner.\n\n## Video calls\n\nYou can make video calls to people in some prisons using your mobile phone or tablet.\n\nVideo calls are free at the moment. This is because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nCalls can last up to 30 minutes. A prisoner is allowed 1 video call a month.\n\n## Who can call\n\nYou must be over 18 and on the prisoner\u2019s list of friends and family.\n\nYou can invite up to 3 other people (of any age) on the call if they are on the prisoner\u2019s visitor list.\n\n## How to call\n\n- Find out if the prison offers video calls.\n\n- Install an app on your phone or tablet (it can take up to 24 hours for your account on the app to be verified).\n\n- Check if everyone who wants to join the call is on the prisoner\u2019s list of friends and family.\n\n- Request a video call using the app or ask the prisoner to request a call.\n\n- Prison staff will schedule the call and send confirmation by email.\n\nAll video calls are recorded. Prison staff may watch video calls while they are happening.\n\n## Telephone calls\n\nThe prisoner has to call you using a prison phone.\n\nThey can only call people named on their list of friends and family. This list is checked by security when they first arrive so it may take a few days before they\u2019re able to call.\n\nPrison staff can listen to and record most types of call. Some calls are not monitored, for example when a prisoner calls a legal adviser.\n\nYou can also exchange voice messages with a prisoner using the Prison Voicemail service.\n\n## Email and social media\n\nPrisoners are not allowed to access social networking websites (such as Facebook or Twitter) while they\u2019re in custody.\n\nYou cannot email prisoners directly, but you can use a service called Email a Prisoner. If you send a message this way, it\u2019ll be printed out and delivered by prison staff. Each email costs 40p and you need to buy credit to use the service.\n\nIn some prisons, prisoners can also reply and attach a photo through Email a Prisoner. Check which prisons allow replies.\n\n## Banned items\n\nYou must not send or give anything to a prisoner that:\n\n- is indecent or obscene\n\n- threatens the security of the prison\n\n- is written in code\n\nYou must not take anything written by a prisoner that they want to publish and be paid for.\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence to send or give a prisoner:\n\n- illegal drugs\n\n- alcohol\n\n- weapons\n\n- a camera\n\n- a mobile phone\n\nContact the prison if you\u2019re unsure what you can send or give.\n\n## Sending money\n\nYou can send money to someone in prison by making an online payment by Visa, Mastercard and Maestro debit card.\n\nThe money is paid into the prisoner\u2019s account - a basic cash account they can use to send and receive money.\n\nYou can no longer send money by bank transfer, cheque, postal order or send cash by post to any prison. You\u2019ll need to use a debit card instead.\n\n## If you cannot make an online payment\n\nYou may be able to apply for an exemption - for example if you:\n\n- are unable to use a computer, a smart phone or the internet\n\n- do not have a debit card\n\nThis will allow you to send money by post.\n\nYou can also find out how to get a debit card by setting up a basic bank account.\n\n## Visiting someone in prison\n\nYou can normally visit partners and close family members in some prisons. There are restrictions because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nFind out which prisons are open for visits and what you need to do.\n\nYou can only visit a prisoner if they\u2019ve added you to their visitor list. The prison will contact you once you\u2019re on this list.\n\n## Get help with the cost of visiting someone\n\nYou might be able to get help paying for a prison visit, for example travel costs, if you\u2019re receiving certain benefits.\n\n## How often you can visit someone in prison\n\nA convicted prisoner is usually allowed at least two 1-hour visits every 4 weeks.\n\nA prisoner on remand (waiting for their trial) is allowed three 1-hour visits a week.\n\nYou can find out more about the exact rules on visits on the prison information page of the prison you\u2019re visiting.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/staying-in-touch-with-someone-in-prison", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother has been jailed and my father is very worried and would like to know which items are allowed in prison.", + "original_question": "Can he take a mobile phone to him?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1641", + "question": "Scenario: I am 73 years old, and I have been recently diagnosed with a heart condition. My driving license has just expired and I am about to apply for a new one.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to inform the DVLA about my heart condition?\n\nDocument - Medical conditions, disabilities and driving:\n## Telling DVLA about a medical condition or disability\n\nYou must tell DVLA if you have a driving licence and:\n\n- you develop a \u2018notifiable\u2019 medical condition or disability\n\n- a condition or disability has got worse since you got your licence\n\nNotifiable conditions are anything that could affect your ability to drive safely. They can include:\n\n- diabetes or taking insulin\n\n- syncope (fainting)\n\n- heart conditions (including atrial fibrillation and pacemakers)\n\n- sleep apnoea\n\n- epilepsy\n\n- strokes\n\n- glaucoma\n\n## How to tell DVLA\n\nCheck if you need to tell DVLA about your condition to find the forms or questionnaires you need. The address you need is on the forms.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland you must contact the Driver and Vehicle Agency (DVA).\n\nThere are different forms for different conditions and disabilities.\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure what to do.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA about a condition that might affect your ability to drive safely. You could also be prosecuted if you have an accident.\n\n## Surrendering your licence\n\nYou must surrender your licence to DVLA if any of the following are true:\n\n- your doctor tells you to stop driving for 3 months or more\n\n- your medical condition affects your ability to drive safely and lasts for 3 months or more\n\n- you do not meet the required standards for driving because of your medical condition\n\nYou can apply to get your licence back when you meet the medical standards for driving again.\n\n## First licence or renewal if you\u2019re 70 or over\n\nYou must also tell DVLA about notifiable conditions if you:\n\n- apply for your first licence\n\n- renew your licence (if you\u2019re 70 or over)\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for this information in your application form. You do not need to contact DVLA separately.\n\n## What happens after you tell DVLA\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks. You\u2019ll get a letter from DVLA if it\u2019s going to take longer.\n\nDVLA might:\n\n- contact your doctor or consultant\n\n- arrange for you to be examined\n\n- ask you to take a driving assessment, or an eyesight or driving test\n\nYou can usually keep driving while DVLA are considering your application.\n\nIf you\u2019ve told DVLA about a condition when applying to renew your licence, follow the guidance about driving that\u2019s in the form.\n\nContact DVLA if you need advice or to check on your case.\n\n## What DVLA will decide\n\nDVLA will assess your medical condition or disability and decide if:\n\n- you need to get a new driving licence\n\n- you can have a shorter licence - for 1, 2, 3 or 5 years\n\n- you need to adapt your car by fitting special controls\n\n- you must stop driving and give up your licence\n\n## You need to adapt your vehicle\n\nIf you\u2019ve been told that you must adapt your car, you get an independent assessment of your adaptation needs through Driving Mobility.\n\nFind out more about adapting your vehicle and where to get special controls fitted through the Research Institute for Disabled Consumers.\n\n## You must stop driving\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a medical reason why you must stop driving, and be told if and when you can reapply for your licence.\n\n## If you disagree with DVLA\u2019s decision\n\nYou can write to DVLA if you disagree with the decision to stop you driving. You must be able to provide relevant information that was not included in the original assessment.\n\nYou must also include:\n\n- proof that you meet the required standards for driving (these are explained in the decision letter DVLA sent you)\n\n- the reference number from your decision letter\n\nYou can also appeal the decision if you contact your local magistrate\u2019s court within 6 months, or your local sheriff\u2019s court in Scotland within 21 days.\n\nYou may want to get legal advice before you appeal - you might be able to get legal aid to pay for it.\n\nYou must tell DVLA in writing if you choose to appeal.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nYou can make a complaint if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you get from DVLA.\n\n## Renewing or reapplying for your licence\n\nHow you reapply for or renew your licence depends on if you had to give up your licence, or if you have a short-term licence.\n\n## You\u2019ve got a short-term licence\n\nDVLA will send you a renewal letter 90 days before your 1, 2, 3 or 5-year licence is due to expire.\n\nRenew your licence online, or send the renewal reminder back by post.\n\n## You gave up your licence and stopped driving\n\nThe letter DVLA sends you when your licence is taken away tells you if you have to wait before you can reapply.\n\nYou must check with your doctor that you\u2019re fit to drive before you reapply for your licence, if it was taken away because of a medical condition.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-medical-conditions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 73 years old, and I have been recently diagnosed with a heart condition. My driving license has just expired and I am about to apply for a new one.", + "original_question": "Do I have to inform the DVLA about my heart condition?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1643", + "question": "Scenario: I have been fined by the court for not paying my council bills. My income changed during the covid pandemic and I have no job .\n\nQuestion: Can get the fine reviewed?\n\nDocument - Appeal a magistrates\u2019 court decision:\n## What you can appeal\n\nYou can appeal to the magistrates\u2019 court against your:\n\n- sentence, if you pleaded guilty\n\n- conviction and sentence, if you pleaded not guilty\n\nYou should talk to your legal representative (if you have one) or get help from a legal adviser before you appeal.\n\n## Ask the court to reconsider a decision\n\nIf you think the decision was wrong, you can ask the court to reconsider a sentence or conviction. For example, if there was a serious mistake or the court did not follow the right steps.\n\nIf you disagree with the decision but there has been no mistake you will normally need to appeal to the Crown Court.\n\n## If you did not know about your court case\n\nIf you did not know about your case before a decision was made, you can make a statutory declaration to a magistrates\u2019 court to reopen your case.\n\n## Change the amount you\u2019ve been fined\n\nYou can ask the court to change the amount you\u2019ve been fined if:\n\n- your financial circumstances have changed\n\n- the court did not know your income at the time of your conviction\n\n## Ask the court to reconsider a decision\n\nYou can ask the court to reconsider your conviction, sentence or court order if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, for example if the court did not:\n\n- give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts\n\n- apply the law properly\n\nThis is different to making an appeal to the Crown Court.\n\nIf you pleaded guilty, you cannot ask the court to reconsider your conviction.\n\n## How to get a decision reconsidered\n\nSubmit your request as early as possible by writing to the magistrates\u2019 court where you had your hearing.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- information about your conviction, sentence or court order\n\n- why you think the decision should change\n\n- what the conviction, sentence or order should be changed to\n\nSend a copy of your application to the prosecutor\u2019s office (you can find the address of the prosecutor by contacting\nthe magistrates\u2019 court where you were convicted).\n\nThe court will decide if a hearing is needed.\n\n## If you did not know about your case\n\nIf a magistrates\u2019 court convicted you without you knowing, you can make a statutory declaration before a magistrates\u2019 court or to a commissioner for oaths (for example a solicitor).\n\nIf the court accepts your declaration they will start the proceedings again. Your conviction or sentence will no longer apply.\n\n## When to make your declaration\n\nYou must give your completed declaration to the court within 21 days of finding out about your case.\n\nIf you want to give a declaration after 21 days, you\u2019ll have to ask the court if they\u2019ll accept it.\n\n## Making a statutory declaration\n\n- Download a statutory declaration (called an ignorance of proceedings form) or ask for a copy at your local magistrates\u2019 court.\n\n- Fill out the form telling the court when and how you heard about your court case. You\u2019ll need to provide details of your case, including where your hearing was held and on what date.\n\n- Arrange an appointment to make your statutory declaration before a solicitor or any magistrates\u2019 court.\n\n- Sign and date your form.\n\n- Give your declaration to the court or ask your solicitor to do it.\n\nIf your case was decided by a magistrate without a hearing, you\u2019ll need to give a written plea (or a completed single justice procedure notice if you have one) to the court or your solicitor along with your statutory declaration.\n\n## Get a fine reviewed\n\nYou can ask the court to change a fine if:\n\n- your financial circumstances have changed\n\n- the court did not know your income when they convicted you\n\nYour original conviction or record of your offence will not change.\n\n## How to ask for a review\n\nWrite to the court or go to your court hearing with evidence of your income and living expenses.\n\nIf your income has changed since you were sentenced you need to also provide your income on the date you were sentenced.\n\nYou can ask your legal adviser if you\u2019re not sure what documents you need.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe court will decide if the decision should be reconsidered.\n\nYou may need to attend court for another hearing. They\u2019ll let you know when the hearing will take place.\n\n## Appeal to the Crown Court\n\nIf you disagree with a decision but there has been no mistake you can appeal to the Crown Court.\n\nDownload and fill in the \u2018Appeal to the Crown Court\u2019 form that relates to your crime or sentence. Send the form by post or email. The address is on the form.\n\nIf you were convicted at a magistrates\u2019 court but sentenced at a Crown Court, follow the rules for appealing a Crown Court decision.\n\nIf you pleaded guilty, you can only appeal against your sentence.\n\n## When to appeal\n\nYou must appeal within 21 days of the date you were sentenced.\n\nIf you want to appeal after 21 days, you\u2019ll have to ask the Crown Court for permission before you can appeal. The magistrates\u2019 court where you were sentenced will tell you how to do this.\n\nTalk to your legal representative (if you have one) or get help from a legal adviser before you appeal.\n\n## The court hearing\n\nThe Crown Court will make a decision on your appeal at a hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter within 80 days of making your appeal to let you know when and where the hearing will take place.\n\nThe hearing is usually held at your nearest Crown Court.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll have the chance to present your case to the judge and magistrates. Representatives from the prosecution will present the case against you.\n\nThe judge might also ask you questions during the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told whether you\u2019ve won your appeal at the hearing. You\u2019ll also be sent a copy of the judge\u2019s decision by post.\n\n## Stopping your appeal\n\nYou can apply to stop your appeal before the hearing. Your appeal cannot be restarted once it\u2019s been stopped.\n\nSend a \u2018notice of abandonment of appeal\u2019 to the magistrates\u2019 court where you sent your appeal and the Crown Court where your hearing will take place.\n\nYou must also send a copy to any other parties involved in the case, for example a prosecutor.\n\n## If you win your appeal\n\nIf you win your appeal against your conviction, your sentence will no longer apply. You might be able to apply to get compensation.\n\nIf you win your appeal against your sentence, it will be reduced.\n\nThe court might decide you can get some of your legal costs paid back, for example your solicitor\u2019s fee.\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYour original sentence or conviction might change.\n\nCheck with your legal adviser if you can appeal again. You might have to pay extra costs if you do.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-magistrates-court-decision", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been fined by the court for not paying my council bills. My income changed during the covid pandemic and I have no job .", + "original_question": "Can get the fine reviewed?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1644", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Andrew was charged with domestic abuse and assault. After a court hearing it was decided that he was guilty . He wants the court decision to be reconsidered since it was not backed by facts .\n\nQuestion: Can he appeal the decision?\n\nDocument - Appeal a magistrates\u2019 court decision:\n## What you can appeal\n\nYou can appeal to the magistrates\u2019 court against your:\n\n- sentence, if you pleaded guilty\n\n- conviction and sentence, if you pleaded not guilty\n\nYou should talk to your legal representative (if you have one) or get help from a legal adviser before you appeal.\n\n## Ask the court to reconsider a decision\n\nIf you think the decision was wrong, you can ask the court to reconsider a sentence or conviction. For example, if there was a serious mistake or the court did not follow the right steps.\n\nIf you disagree with the decision but there has been no mistake you will normally need to appeal to the Crown Court.\n\n## If you did not know about your court case\n\nIf you did not know about your case before a decision was made, you can make a statutory declaration to a magistrates\u2019 court to reopen your case.\n\n## Change the amount you\u2019ve been fined\n\nYou can ask the court to change the amount you\u2019ve been fined if:\n\n- your financial circumstances have changed\n\n- the court did not know your income at the time of your conviction\n\n## Ask the court to reconsider a decision\n\nYou can ask the court to reconsider your conviction, sentence or court order if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, for example if the court did not:\n\n- give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts\n\n- apply the law properly\n\nThis is different to making an appeal to the Crown Court.\n\nIf you pleaded guilty, you cannot ask the court to reconsider your conviction.\n\n## How to get a decision reconsidered\n\nSubmit your request as early as possible by writing to the magistrates\u2019 court where you had your hearing.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- information about your conviction, sentence or court order\n\n- why you think the decision should change\n\n- what the conviction, sentence or order should be changed to\n\nSend a copy of your application to the prosecutor\u2019s office (you can find the address of the prosecutor by contacting\nthe magistrates\u2019 court where you were convicted).\n\nThe court will decide if a hearing is needed.\n\n## If you did not know about your case\n\nIf a magistrates\u2019 court convicted you without you knowing, you can make a statutory declaration before a magistrates\u2019 court or to a commissioner for oaths (for example a solicitor).\n\nIf the court accepts your declaration they will start the proceedings again. Your conviction or sentence will no longer apply.\n\n## When to make your declaration\n\nYou must give your completed declaration to the court within 21 days of finding out about your case.\n\nIf you want to give a declaration after 21 days, you\u2019ll have to ask the court if they\u2019ll accept it.\n\n## Making a statutory declaration\n\n- Download a statutory declaration (called an ignorance of proceedings form) or ask for a copy at your local magistrates\u2019 court.\n\n- Fill out the form telling the court when and how you heard about your court case. You\u2019ll need to provide details of your case, including where your hearing was held and on what date.\n\n- Arrange an appointment to make your statutory declaration before a solicitor or any magistrates\u2019 court.\n\n- Sign and date your form.\n\n- Give your declaration to the court or ask your solicitor to do it.\n\nIf your case was decided by a magistrate without a hearing, you\u2019ll need to give a written plea (or a completed single justice procedure notice if you have one) to the court or your solicitor along with your statutory declaration.\n\n## Get a fine reviewed\n\nYou can ask the court to change a fine if:\n\n- your financial circumstances have changed\n\n- the court did not know your income when they convicted you\n\nYour original conviction or record of your offence will not change.\n\n## How to ask for a review\n\nWrite to the court or go to your court hearing with evidence of your income and living expenses.\n\nIf your income has changed since you were sentenced you need to also provide your income on the date you were sentenced.\n\nYou can ask your legal adviser if you\u2019re not sure what documents you need.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe court will decide if the decision should be reconsidered.\n\nYou may need to attend court for another hearing. They\u2019ll let you know when the hearing will take place.\n\n## Appeal to the Crown Court\n\nIf you disagree with a decision but there has been no mistake you can appeal to the Crown Court.\n\nDownload and fill in the \u2018Appeal to the Crown Court\u2019 form that relates to your crime or sentence. Send the form by post or email. The address is on the form.\n\nIf you were convicted at a magistrates\u2019 court but sentenced at a Crown Court, follow the rules for appealing a Crown Court decision.\n\nIf you pleaded guilty, you can only appeal against your sentence.\n\n## When to appeal\n\nYou must appeal within 21 days of the date you were sentenced.\n\nIf you want to appeal after 21 days, you\u2019ll have to ask the Crown Court for permission before you can appeal. The magistrates\u2019 court where you were sentenced will tell you how to do this.\n\nTalk to your legal representative (if you have one) or get help from a legal adviser before you appeal.\n\n## The court hearing\n\nThe Crown Court will make a decision on your appeal at a hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter within 80 days of making your appeal to let you know when and where the hearing will take place.\n\nThe hearing is usually held at your nearest Crown Court.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll have the chance to present your case to the judge and magistrates. Representatives from the prosecution will present the case against you.\n\nThe judge might also ask you questions during the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told whether you\u2019ve won your appeal at the hearing. You\u2019ll also be sent a copy of the judge\u2019s decision by post.\n\n## Stopping your appeal\n\nYou can apply to stop your appeal before the hearing. Your appeal cannot be restarted once it\u2019s been stopped.\n\nSend a \u2018notice of abandonment of appeal\u2019 to the magistrates\u2019 court where you sent your appeal and the Crown Court where your hearing will take place.\n\nYou must also send a copy to any other parties involved in the case, for example a prosecutor.\n\n## If you win your appeal\n\nIf you win your appeal against your conviction, your sentence will no longer apply. You might be able to apply to get compensation.\n\nIf you win your appeal against your sentence, it will be reduced.\n\nThe court might decide you can get some of your legal costs paid back, for example your solicitor\u2019s fee.\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYour original sentence or conviction might change.\n\nCheck with your legal adviser if you can appeal again. You might have to pay extra costs if you do.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-magistrates-court-decision", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Andrew was charged with domestic abuse and assault. After a court hearing it was decided that he was guilty . He wants the court decision to be reconsidered since it was not backed by facts .", + "original_question": "Can he appeal the decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1645", + "question": "Scenario: I manage a company with 200 cars that help disabled people commute from their home to office. We've registered our cars as business cars.\n\nQuestion: How much tax do I need to pay?\n\nDocument - Change your vehicle's tax class:\n## Vehicle changes that affect tax\n\nIf you make changes to your vehicle it could affect:\n\n- how much vehicle tax you pay\n\n- your vehicle\u2019s tax class\n\nChanges that affect your vehicle include:\n\n- the engine size (cc)\n\n- the fuel type\n\n- the weight (goods vehicles only)\n\n- the number of seats (buses only)\n\n- what you use the vehicle for, for example using a minibus for profit\n\nYou will not have to pay vehicle tax or will pay a lower rate if it\u2019s being used by:\n\n- a disabled person\n\n- an organisation providing transport for disabled people\n\n## How to change your vehicle\u2019s tax class\n\nHow you change your vehicle\u2019s tax class depends on if:\n\n- the tax is due to run out (you\u2019ve had a reminder or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter)\n\n- the tax is not due to run out\n\n- you\u2019re changing whether or not the vehicle is exempt from vehicle tax, for example changing a car into or out of the disabled tax class\n\n## Work out the new tax rate\n\nYou need to work out if you\u2019ll need to pay more tax because of the change.\n\n- Find out the new rate of vehicle tax.\n\n- Work out the difference between the old and new rates of your vehicle tax. For example, if the old rate is \u00a3100 and the new rate is \u00a3130, the difference is \u00a330.\n\n- Divide the difference by the number of months you pay your tax over. For example, \u00a330 divided by 12 months is \u00a32.50.\n\n- Multiply this by the number of months remaining on the tax. For example, \u00a32.50 multiplied by 4 months is \u00a310.\n\n- Pay the extra vehicle tax. In this example you would need to pay \u00a310 extra tax.\n\n## If the tax rate increases\n\nYou have to pay the increased rate from the first day of the month you change the tax rate in.\n\n## If the tax rate decreases\n\nYou pay the decreased rate from the first day of the next month.\n\n## Tax is not due to run out\n\nUse form V70 to change your vehicle\u2019s tax class if the tax is not due to run out.\n\nYou apply a different way if you\u2019ve had a reminder letter or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter.\n\n## What to send\n\nSend the form to DVLA with:\n\n- the V5C vehicle registration certificate (log book) with any changes marked on it\n\n- a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVLA, Swansea\u2019 for any extra vehicle tax you have to pay - damaged or altered cheques will not be accepted\n\n- a current MOT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)\n\n- written proof if you\u2019ve decreased engine size or changed fuel type, for example a new engine receipt or letter from the garage that made the change\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)\n\nIf you do not have the V5C, download and fill in a V62 form. Send it to DVLA with the \u00a325 fee.\n\n## Lorries and buses\n\nYou also need to send the following if they\u2019re required for your vehicle:\n\n- a plating or weight certificate\n\n- for buses only - a certificate of initial fitness, certificate of conformity or equivalent PSV401, PSV408, PDV500 or PSV506\n\n## What happens next\n\n- You\u2019ll get a confirmation from DVLA that the change has been made.\n\n- DVLA will send you an updated V5C.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a refund if you\u2019re due one. It will take longer than usual to send your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.\n\n## Tax is due to run out or changing if the vehicle is exempt\n\nChange your vehicle\u2019s tax class at a Post Office that deals with vehicle tax if either:\n\n- the vehicle tax is due to run out (you\u2019ve had a reminder or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter)\n\n- you\u2019re changing whether a vehicle is exempt from vehicle tax or not, for example, it\u2019s being used by a disabled person\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for a vehicle tax reduction because you\u2019re disabled, you need to apply by post to DVLA.\n\n## What to take to the Post Office\n\n## Vehicle registration documents\n\nTake the V5C registration certificate (log book) in your name.\n\nIf you do not have one, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- a completed application for a new registration certificate - either download form V62 or get it from the Post Office\n\n- your \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip, if you\u2019ve just bought the vehicle\n\nA new registration certificate is free if you have a \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip. Otherwise the cost is \u00a325.\n\n## Other documents\n\nYou must also take:\n\n- your vehicle tax reminder letter (V11) if you have one\n\n- an MOT certificate that\u2019s valid when the tax starts, or evidence if your vehicle\u2019s exempt from an MOT (V112)\n\n- evidence of any eligibility for a disability exemption\n\n- payment for vehicle tax (if you have to pay for your new tax class)\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)\n\nIf you drive a lorry or bus, you also need to take the vehicle\u2019s latest annual test certificate or exemption (V112G).\n\n## What happens next\n\n- The Post Office sends your V5C, new keeper slip or V62 to DVLA.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a confirmation from DVLA that the change has been made.\n\n- DVLA will send you an updated V5C.\n\n- DVLA will send you a refund if you\u2019re due one. It will take longer than usual to send your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-tax-class", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I manage a company with 200 cars that help disabled people commute from their home to office. We've registered our cars as business cars.", + "original_question": "How much tax do I need to pay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1646", + "question": "Scenario: I have a mini bus bussiness which has undergone several changes, for example I now only collect children for school trips where as I used to collect disabled people.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to pay more taxes due to the chamge of my bussiness?\n\nDocument - Change your vehicle's tax class:\n## Vehicle changes that affect tax\n\nIf you make changes to your vehicle it could affect:\n\n- how much vehicle tax you pay\n\n- your vehicle\u2019s tax class\n\nChanges that affect your vehicle include:\n\n- the engine size (cc)\n\n- the fuel type\n\n- the weight (goods vehicles only)\n\n- the number of seats (buses only)\n\n- what you use the vehicle for, for example using a minibus for profit\n\nYou will not have to pay vehicle tax or will pay a lower rate if it\u2019s being used by:\n\n- a disabled person\n\n- an organisation providing transport for disabled people\n\n## How to change your vehicle\u2019s tax class\n\nHow you change your vehicle\u2019s tax class depends on if:\n\n- the tax is due to run out (you\u2019ve had a reminder or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter)\n\n- the tax is not due to run out\n\n- you\u2019re changing whether or not the vehicle is exempt from vehicle tax, for example changing a car into or out of the disabled tax class\n\n## Work out the new tax rate\n\nYou need to work out if you\u2019ll need to pay more tax because of the change.\n\n- Find out the new rate of vehicle tax.\n\n- Work out the difference between the old and new rates of your vehicle tax. For example, if the old rate is \u00a3100 and the new rate is \u00a3130, the difference is \u00a330.\n\n- Divide the difference by the number of months you pay your tax over. For example, \u00a330 divided by 12 months is \u00a32.50.\n\n- Multiply this by the number of months remaining on the tax. For example, \u00a32.50 multiplied by 4 months is \u00a310.\n\n- Pay the extra vehicle tax. In this example you would need to pay \u00a310 extra tax.\n\n## If the tax rate increases\n\nYou have to pay the increased rate from the first day of the month you change the tax rate in.\n\n## If the tax rate decreases\n\nYou pay the decreased rate from the first day of the next month.\n\n## Tax is not due to run out\n\nUse form V70 to change your vehicle\u2019s tax class if the tax is not due to run out.\n\nYou apply a different way if you\u2019ve had a reminder letter or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter.\n\n## What to send\n\nSend the form to DVLA with:\n\n- the V5C vehicle registration certificate (log book) with any changes marked on it\n\n- a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVLA, Swansea\u2019 for any extra vehicle tax you have to pay - damaged or altered cheques will not be accepted\n\n- a current MOT certificate (if your vehicle needs one)\n\n- written proof if you\u2019ve decreased engine size or changed fuel type, for example a new engine receipt or letter from the garage that made the change\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)\n\nIf you do not have the V5C, download and fill in a V62 form. Send it to DVLA with the \u00a325 fee.\n\n## Lorries and buses\n\nYou also need to send the following if they\u2019re required for your vehicle:\n\n- a plating or weight certificate\n\n- for buses only - a certificate of initial fitness, certificate of conformity or equivalent PSV401, PSV408, PDV500 or PSV506\n\n## What happens next\n\n- You\u2019ll get a confirmation from DVLA that the change has been made.\n\n- DVLA will send you an updated V5C.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a refund if you\u2019re due one. It will take longer than usual to send your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.\n\n## Tax is due to run out or changing if the vehicle is exempt\n\nChange your vehicle\u2019s tax class at a Post Office that deals with vehicle tax if either:\n\n- the vehicle tax is due to run out (you\u2019ve had a reminder or \u2018last chance\u2019 warning letter)\n\n- you\u2019re changing whether a vehicle is exempt from vehicle tax or not, for example, it\u2019s being used by a disabled person\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for a vehicle tax reduction because you\u2019re disabled, you need to apply by post to DVLA.\n\n## What to take to the Post Office\n\n## Vehicle registration documents\n\nTake the V5C registration certificate (log book) in your name.\n\nIf you do not have one, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- a completed application for a new registration certificate - either download form V62 or get it from the Post Office\n\n- your \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip, if you\u2019ve just bought the vehicle\n\nA new registration certificate is free if you have a \u2018new keeper\u2019 slip. Otherwise the cost is \u00a325.\n\n## Other documents\n\nYou must also take:\n\n- your vehicle tax reminder letter (V11) if you have one\n\n- an MOT certificate that\u2019s valid when the tax starts, or evidence if your vehicle\u2019s exempt from an MOT (V112)\n\n- evidence of any eligibility for a disability exemption\n\n- payment for vehicle tax (if you have to pay for your new tax class)\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)\n\nIf you drive a lorry or bus, you also need to take the vehicle\u2019s latest annual test certificate or exemption (V112G).\n\n## What happens next\n\n- The Post Office sends your V5C, new keeper slip or V62 to DVLA.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a confirmation from DVLA that the change has been made.\n\n- DVLA will send you an updated V5C.\n\n- DVLA will send you a refund if you\u2019re due one. It will take longer than usual to send your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/change-vehicle-tax-class", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a mini bus bussiness which has undergone several changes, for example I now only collect children for school trips where as I used to collect disabled people.", + "original_question": "Do I need to pay more taxes due to the chamge of my bussiness?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1647", + "question": "Scenario: I have been having a lot of issues with my husband. He slowly became more and more abusive over the last years. I have given him plenty of chances to show me that he can go back to his old self but that seems impossible at this point. I recently filed for a divorce but he refuses to sign the papers and his anger has only ramped up because of it. I make slightly above minimum wage and would not have any money to set a side to fight him in court.\n\nQuestion: Could I be asked to pay some of the money towards the costs of my case?\n\nDocument - Legal aid:\n## Overview\n\nLegal aid can help meet the costs of legal advice, family mediation and representation in a court or tribunal.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show that:\n\n- your case is eligible for legal aid\n\n- the problem is serious\n\n- you cannot afford to pay for legal costs\n\nYou could for example get legal aid if:\n\n- you or your family are at risk of abuse or serious harm, for example domestic violence or forced marriage\n\n- you\u2019re at risk of homelessness or losing your home\n\n- you\u2019ve been accused of a crime, face prison or detention\n\n- you\u2019re being discriminated against\n\n- you need family mediation\n\n- you\u2019re adding legal arguments or bringing a case under the Human Rights Act\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show that you cannot afford to pay for this help. You may have to pay some money towards the legal costs of your case or pay costs back later.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to get help with civil cases. Your legal adviser will usually apply for legal aid on your behalf.\n\nLegal aid rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you can get\n\nYou could get help with the costs of legal advice or getting someone to speak or negotiate for you.\n\nYou may have to pay some money towards the legal costs of your case.\n\nIf your problem is covered by legal aid and you qualify you could get:\n\n- advice on your rights and options\n\n- help with negotiations and paperwork\n\n- help if you\u2019re accused of a crime, for example advice at a police station\n\n- a solicitor or barrister to get your case ready and speak on your behalf in court and some tribunals\n\n## What you can get legal aid for\n\nYou might be able to get legal aid for problems like:\n\n- homelessness or losing your home, or if it\u2019s in serious disrepair\n\n- protecting yourself or your child from abuse or harassment, for example domestic violence or forced marriage\n\n- poor quality care you or a family member are getting due to age, disability or special educational needs\n\n- needing advice on finances, children or divorce if you\u2019ve been in an abusive relationship\n\n- a child in your family being at risk of being taken into care\n\n- family mediation, for example if you\u2019re separating or getting a divorce\n\n- discrimination\n\n- challenging the way the government has made a decision about you\n\n- seeking asylum or if you\u2019ve been the victim of human trafficking\n\n- being arrested, charged or questioned by the police\n\n- needing representation at a mental health tribunal or inquest\n\n- appealing a decision made by the social security tribunal about your benefits to the Upper Tribunal, Court of Appeal or Supreme Court\n\n## Exceptional case funding\n\nYou may be able to get legal aid in other exceptional cases, if you can show that being refused legal aid would infringe:\n\n- your rights under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR)\n\n- your EU rights to legal representation\n\nGet advice from a legal adviser about whether you\u2019re eligible and how to apply.\n\nYou can also apply directly to the Exceptional Case Funding team at the Legal Aid Agency.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify for legal aid will depend on:\n\n- the type of case\n\n- your financial circumstances\n\n## Civil (non-criminal) cases\n\nCivil cases include things like debt, family or housing problems. To get legal aid, you usually need to show you cannot afford to pay for legal costs and your problem is serious.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to give details and evidence of your income, benefits, savings and property, and those of your partner. If you\u2019re under 18, you may need to give information about your parents\u2019 or guardians\u2019 income.\n\nYour financial situation is not taken into account for cases about:\n\n- mental health tribunals\n\n- children in care\n\n- child abduction\n\nYou may also have to provide evidence about your problem, for example in a divorce case by providing a court order or GP letter showing that you or your child have been a victim of abuse.\n\nCheck if you qualify for legal aid to get help with civil cases.\n\n## Paying the costs of your case\n\nLegal aid might not cover all the costs of your case. You may have to:\n\n- pay some of the costs upfront\n\n- pay back some of the cost if you win money or property from your case\n\nRead about paying for legal aid.\n\nThe Legal Aid Agency (LAA) will make a charge or claim \u2013 known as the \u2018statutory charge\u2019 \u2013 on any money or property you win. If this is your home, payment can be deferred and the debt placed as a charge on your home (similar to a mortgage).\n\nYour legal adviser will explain how this works.\n\nContact the LAA\u2019s Secured Debt Team to discuss how to pay.\n\nIf legal aid is withdrawn, you may have to repay the full legal costs.\n\n## Criminal cases\n\nYou have the right to free legal advice if you\u2019re questioned at a police station.\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically get legal aid for legal representation in court if you\u2019re under 16 (or under 18 and in full-time education) or on certain benefits.\n\n## Alternatives to legal aid\n\nIf you cannot get legal aid, you may be able to get free advice from:\n\n- the Law Centres Network\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- AdviceNow\n\nYou can also pay for advice from a local legal adviser or solicitor.\n\n## How to claim\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid in England or Wales.\n\nSearch for a legal aid solicitor if you\u2019re in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\nYour legal adviser or family mediator will apply for legal aid on your behalf. If you qualify, the government will pay their costs directly.\n\n## Getting legal aid in an emergency\n\nYou can get emergency help if you need urgent representation in court, for example to keep you and your children safe from domestic abuse.\n\nYour legal adviser will apply for Emergency Legal Representation to cover any immediate action. You still need to apply for legal aid in the normal way for any ongoing work.\n\n## Criminal cases\n\nA police custody officer will help you get legal aid if you\u2019ve been arrested and held at a police station. You\u2019ll be offered free advice:\n\n- by telephone (if the offence is less serious)\n\n- from the police station\u2019s duty solicitor\n\n- from your own legal adviser\n\n## If you\u2019re charged or go to court\n\nA solicitor will check if you qualify for legal aid if you\u2019re charged with a crime or have to go to court. You can then:\n\n- get advice from the same organisation that helped you at the police station\n\n- ask to speak to the court duty solicitor\n\n- find your own criminal legal aid solicitor\n\n## What you need to bring to your legal adviser\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give information about the following for both yourself and your partner:\n\n- benefits - including benefits statements\n\n- income, savings and spending - including pay slips and bank statements\n\n- National Insurance numbers\n\nYou\u2019ll also need copies of evidence relating to your case, eg:\n\n- court documents\n\n- marriage and birth certificates (for family cases)\n\n- relevant letters\n\nTell your legal adviser if any of your financial circumstances change.\n\n## Domestic abuse or violence\n\nYou might be able to get legal aid if you have evidence that you or your children have been victims of domestic abuse or violence and you cannot afford to pay legal costs.\n\nYou do not have to get evidence before talking to a legal aid solicitor or Civil Legal Advice (CLA), but they\u2019ll need to see it before deciding whether you can get legal aid.\n\n## What counts as domestic abuse for legal aid\n\nYou or your children must have been victims of either:\n\n- domestic abuse or violence\n\n- financial control, for example being stopped from accessing a joint bank account\n\n## What counts as evidence\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show that you or your children were at risk of harm from an ex-partner.\n\nYou can ask for evidence from:\n\n- the courts\n\n- the police\n\n- a multi-agency risk assessment conference (MARAC)\n\n- social services\n\n- a health professional, for example a doctor, nurse, midwife, psychologist or health visitor\n\n- a refuge manager\n\n- a domestic violence support service\n\n- your bank, for example credit card accounts, loan documents and statements\n\n- your employer, or education or training provider\n\n- the provider of any benefits you\u2019ve received\n\n## How to get evidence\n\nYou can download and print a sample letter to send to the police, courts, or medical and social services.\n\nThis helps you get the proof you need, depending on whether:\n\n- you\u2019ve been a victim\n\n- your children have been victims\n\nGive the letter to the person you\u2019re asking to provide evidence. They\u2019ll be able to fill in the details for you.\n\nYou might have to pay a fee for this.\n\n## When you have the evidence\n\nShow the evidence to your legal aid solicitor or CLA adviser.\n\n## Legal problems abroad\n\nYou can apply for legal aid in:\n\n- Albania\n\n- Austria\n\n- Azerbaijan\n\n- Belgium\n\n- Bosnia and Herzegovina\n\n- Bulgaria\n\n- Cyprus\n\n- Czech Republic\n\n- Denmark\n\n- Estonia\n\n- Finland\n\n- France\n\n- Georgia\n\n- Greece\n\n- Ireland\n\n- Italy\n\n- Latvia\n\n- Lithuania\n\n- Luxembourg\n\n- Montenegro\n\n- Netherlands\n\n- North Macedonia\n\n- Norway\n\n- Poland\n\n- Portugal\n\n- Romania\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Spain\n\n- Sweden\n\n- Switzerland\n\n- Turkey\n\n- Ukraine\n\nYou can get help with your application from a publicly funded solicitor, including getting documents translated.\n\nContact the embassy or consulate of that country or the Legal Aid Agency to find out how to apply.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-aid", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been having a lot of issues with my husband. He slowly became more and more abusive over the last years. I have given him plenty of chances to show me that he can go back to his old self but that seems impossible at this point. I recently filed for a divorce but he refuses to sign the papers and his anger has only ramped up because of it. I make slightly above minimum wage and would not have any money to set a side to fight him in court.", + "original_question": "Could I be asked to pay some of the money towards the costs of my case?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1651", + "question": "Scenario: My husband and I lived in a house together, which is owned by him. I am a victim of abuse and want to stop him living with me and my children.\n\nQuestion: Is there a way to block him from occupying the home even though I don't own it?\n\nDocument - Get an injunction if you've been the victim of domestic abuse:\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018injunction\u2019 if you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic abuse. An injunction is a court order that either:\n\n- protects you or your child from being harmed or threatened by the person who\u2019s abused you - this is called a \u2018non-molestation order\u2019\n\n- decides who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area - this is called an \u2018occupation order\u2019\n\nThe person named in the injunction can be arrested if they break it.\n\nGet advice on applying for an injunction from a charity, for example Refuge, Women\u2019s Aid, Citizens Advice or the Men\u2019s Advice Line.\n\nYou may be able to get free legal representation.\n\nIf you\u2019re in immediate danger of being abused or have been abused, report it to the police.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can use the RCJ Citizens Advice CourtNav service to prepare an injunction application online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- create an online account\n\n- explain what happened to you\n\n- include the name and address of the person who\u2019s abused you\n\nAs part of your application, you can choose a law firm to review it.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to get legal aid or pay for legal advice, your application can be sent back to a legal adviser at RCJ Citizens Advice to check for free.\n\nThe legal adviser will tell you if you need to make a court application and how to submit one.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call. If you need a face-to-face hearing, you\u2019ll need to explain why in your application.\n\n## Apply by email or post\n\nFollow these steps to apply for an injunction by email or post.\n\n- Check if you\u2019re eligible to apply for a non-molestation order or an occupation order.\n\n- Download and fill in the application form (form FL401) and make 2 copies.\n\n- Write your witness statement telling the court what has happened and asking for the relevant order.\n\n- At the bottom of the witness statement write a statement of truth. Use the following words: \u201cI believe that the facts stated in this witness statement are true.\u201d Sign and date the statement of truth.\n\n- Download and fill in form C8 if you want to keep your address and telephone number private.\n\n- Email or send all the documents to a court which deals with domestic abuse cases - there\u2019s no fee.\n\nMany courts are closed because of coronavirus. You\u2019ll need to check that the court is open and staffed before you send in your application.\n\n## Emergency orders\n\nIf you need protection immediately, ask for an emergency order when you apply. You do not have to tell the person you want protection from that you\u2019re applying so it\u2019s known as a \u2018without notice\u2019 or \u2018ex-parte\u2019 application.\n\nThe court will hold a hearing which you must attend. It may issue an order at the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to tell that person about your application after the order has been issued.\n\nAn emergency order will usually last until your hearing.\n\n## If you\u2019re 17 or under\n\nIf you\u2019re under 16 you\u2019ll need permission to apply from the High Court.\n\nIf you\u2019re 16 or 17 you\u2019ll need to appoint a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 to represent you in court \u2013 this is usually a parent, family member or close friend.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nAfter you\u2019ve applied you must arrange for the person you\u2019re applying to get an injunction against to be told about your application.\n\n## Who can apply: non-molestation order\n\nYou can usually apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the person you want to be protected from (\u2018the respondent\u2019) is:\n\n- someone you\u2019re having or have had a relationship with\n\n- a family member\n\n- someone you\u2019re living or have lived with\n\nCheck the following lists to make sure you can apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 16 you need permission from the High Court to apply.\n\n## Husband, wife, civil partner or other relationship\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the respondent is your:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- former husband, former wife or former civil partner\n\n- fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- former fianc\u00e9, former fianc\u00e9e or former proposed civil partner \u2013 if your engagement or agreement to form a civil partnership ended less than 3 years ago\n\n- boyfriend, girlfriend, partner or a person you\u2019re in or have been in a relationship with for more than 6 months\n\nIf you were engaged to or had agreed to form a civil partnership with the respondent, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence, such as a ring or statement from a witness who attended a ceremony or celebration.\n\n## Family member\n\nYou can apply if the respondent is a close family member, for example a parent, brother, sister, aunt or uncle.\n\n## People who have parental responsibility for your child or grandchild\n\nYou can apply if you have a child or grandchild and the respondent is the child\u2019s parent or person you share parental responsibility with.\n\nIf your child (or grandchild) has been adopted, you can also apply to get an injunction against their:\n\n- adoptive parent\n\n- anyone who has applied to adopt them\n\n- anyone the child has been placed with for adoption\n\nYou can also apply for an order against the child or grandchild if they\u2019ve been adopted.\n\nYou can report anyone who abuses you to your neighbourhood police team.\n\n## Who can apply: occupation order\n\nYou can apply for an occupation order if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and meet the requirements. The order will say who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area.\n\nYou can apply if:\n\n- you own or rent the home and it is, was, or was intended to be shared with a husband or wife, civil partner, cohabitant, family member, person you\u2019re engaged to or parent of your child\n\n- you do not own or rent the home but you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership with the owner and you\u2019re living in the home (known as \u2018matrimonial home rights\u2019)\n\n- your former husband, wife or civil partner is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared matrimonial home\n\n- the person you cohabit or cohabited with is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared home\n\n## After you submit your application\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a document called a \u2018Notice of Proceedings\u2019 by the court. This tells you when your court hearing will take place.\n\n## Telling people about your application\n\nThe court will send you back a sealed copy of your application. You must arrange for the sealed copy and your witness statement to be \u2018served\u2019 on the person named in the application. This means making sure they get a copy of the documents in person.\n\nYour solicitor will do this if you\u2019re using one or you can ask the court to serve the documents for free.\n\nDo not serve the documents yourself.\n\n## Your court hearing\n\nYour hearing will be held in private (sometimes called \u2018in chambers\u2019). In most cases only you and the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against, and any legal representatives, can attend. Read about what to expect when you go to a court hearing.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call.\n\nThe court will provide an interpreter if you asked for one when you applied for the injunction. They can translate what happens during the hearing but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.\n\nContact the court before the hearing if you need support or extra protection.\n\nThe judge may make a decision without a hearing if, for example:\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against lives with you\n\nThis is called \u2018on paper\u2019.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nAt the end of the hearing the court will make one of the following decisions:\n\n- the person you\u2019ve applied for an injunction against must make an \u2018undertaking\u2019 (a promise) to do or not do something\n\n- you must provide more information - the court may issue a short-term order (an \u2018interim order\u2019) to protect you while you get this information\n\n- it will issue an order - when that ends they may hold another hearing to decide whether to renew the order\n\nYou\u2019ll get a copy of the order if the court issues one. It will say what the respondent can and cannot do.\n\nIf your order expires and you still want protection, you\u2019ll have to apply again.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou must arrange for the order to be \u2018served\u2019 on the respondent. This means making sure they get a copy of the order in person.\n\nIf you have a solicitor, they will arrange for the documents to be served. If you do not have a solicitor you can:\n\n- ask the court to serve the documents - you will not need to pay for this\n\n- hire a professional process server to serve the documents\n\nDo not serve the documents yourself.\n\nThe court will send the order and the statement of service to the officer in charge of your neighbourhood police station or the police station named in the court order.\n\nIf the person named in your injunction does not follow the court order, you can call the police.\n\n## Complaints and appeals\n\nYou can complain to the court where you had the hearing if you\u2019re unhappy with the service they provided.\n\nYou may be able to make an appeal about the decision if you think there\u2019s been a serious mistake. You\u2019ll have to get permission to make the appeal and there\u2019s usually a fee. Read the guidance on how to make an appeal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My husband and I lived in a house together, which is owned by him. I am a victim of abuse and want to stop him living with me and my children.", + "original_question": "Is there a way to block him from occupying the home even though I don't own it?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1652", + "question": "Scenario: We adopted our child from an adoption agency. He has become quite abusive to use as parents, and we want him to leave the house. We know about the existence of the injunctions.\n\nQuestion: Are injunctions also applicable to adopted family members?\n\nDocument - Get an injunction if you've been the victim of domestic abuse:\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018injunction\u2019 if you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic abuse. An injunction is a court order that either:\n\n- protects you or your child from being harmed or threatened by the person who\u2019s abused you - this is called a \u2018non-molestation order\u2019\n\n- decides who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area - this is called an \u2018occupation order\u2019\n\nThe person named in the injunction can be arrested if they break it.\n\nGet advice on applying for an injunction from a charity, for example Refuge, Women\u2019s Aid, Citizens Advice or the Men\u2019s Advice Line.\n\nYou may be able to get free legal representation.\n\nIf you\u2019re in immediate danger of being abused or have been abused, report it to the police.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can use the RCJ Citizens Advice CourtNav service to prepare an injunction application online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- create an online account\n\n- explain what happened to you\n\n- include the name and address of the person who\u2019s abused you\n\nAs part of your application, you can choose a law firm to review it.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to get legal aid or pay for legal advice, your application can be sent back to a legal adviser at RCJ Citizens Advice to check for free.\n\nThe legal adviser will tell you if you need to make a court application and how to submit one.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call. If you need a face-to-face hearing, you\u2019ll need to explain why in your application.\n\n## Apply by email or post\n\nFollow these steps to apply for an injunction by email or post.\n\n- Check if you\u2019re eligible to apply for a non-molestation order or an occupation order.\n\n- Download and fill in the application form (form FL401) and make 2 copies.\n\n- Write your witness statement telling the court what has happened and asking for the relevant order.\n\n- At the bottom of the witness statement write a statement of truth. Use the following words: \u201cI believe that the facts stated in this witness statement are true.\u201d Sign and date the statement of truth.\n\n- Download and fill in form C8 if you want to keep your address and telephone number private.\n\n- Email or send all the documents to a court which deals with domestic abuse cases - there\u2019s no fee.\n\nMany courts are closed because of coronavirus. You\u2019ll need to check that the court is open and staffed before you send in your application.\n\n## Emergency orders\n\nIf you need protection immediately, ask for an emergency order when you apply. You do not have to tell the person you want protection from that you\u2019re applying so it\u2019s known as a \u2018without notice\u2019 or \u2018ex-parte\u2019 application.\n\nThe court will hold a hearing which you must attend. It may issue an order at the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to tell that person about your application after the order has been issued.\n\nAn emergency order will usually last until your hearing.\n\n## If you\u2019re 17 or under\n\nIf you\u2019re under 16 you\u2019ll need permission to apply from the High Court.\n\nIf you\u2019re 16 or 17 you\u2019ll need to appoint a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 to represent you in court \u2013 this is usually a parent, family member or close friend.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nAfter you\u2019ve applied you must arrange for the person you\u2019re applying to get an injunction against to be told about your application.\n\n## Who can apply: non-molestation order\n\nYou can usually apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the person you want to be protected from (\u2018the respondent\u2019) is:\n\n- someone you\u2019re having or have had a relationship with\n\n- a family member\n\n- someone you\u2019re living or have lived with\n\nCheck the following lists to make sure you can apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 16 you need permission from the High Court to apply.\n\n## Husband, wife, civil partner or other relationship\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the respondent is your:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- former husband, former wife or former civil partner\n\n- fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- former fianc\u00e9, former fianc\u00e9e or former proposed civil partner \u2013 if your engagement or agreement to form a civil partnership ended less than 3 years ago\n\n- boyfriend, girlfriend, partner or a person you\u2019re in or have been in a relationship with for more than 6 months\n\nIf you were engaged to or had agreed to form a civil partnership with the respondent, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence, such as a ring or statement from a witness who attended a ceremony or celebration.\n\n## Family member\n\nYou can apply if the respondent is a close family member, for example a parent, brother, sister, aunt or uncle.\n\n## People who have parental responsibility for your child or grandchild\n\nYou can apply if you have a child or grandchild and the respondent is the child\u2019s parent or person you share parental responsibility with.\n\nIf your child (or grandchild) has been adopted, you can also apply to get an injunction against their:\n\n- adoptive parent\n\n- anyone who has applied to adopt them\n\n- anyone the child has been placed with for adoption\n\nYou can also apply for an order against the child or grandchild if they\u2019ve been adopted.\n\nYou can report anyone who abuses you to your neighbourhood police team.\n\n## Who can apply: occupation order\n\nYou can apply for an occupation order if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and meet the requirements. The order will say who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area.\n\nYou can apply if:\n\n- you own or rent the home and it is, was, or was intended to be shared with a husband or wife, civil partner, cohabitant, family member, person you\u2019re engaged to or parent of your child\n\n- you do not own or rent the home but you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership with the owner and you\u2019re living in the home (known as \u2018matrimonial home rights\u2019)\n\n- your former husband, wife or civil partner is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared matrimonial home\n\n- the person you cohabit or cohabited with is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared home\n\n## After you submit your application\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a document called a \u2018Notice of Proceedings\u2019 by the court. This tells you when your court hearing will take place.\n\n## Telling people about your application\n\nThe court will send you back a sealed copy of your application. You must arrange for the sealed copy and your witness statement to be \u2018served\u2019 on the person named in the application. This means making sure they get a copy of the documents in person.\n\nYour solicitor will do this if you\u2019re using one or you can ask the court to serve the documents for free.\n\nDo not serve the documents yourself.\n\n## Your court hearing\n\nYour hearing will be held in private (sometimes called \u2018in chambers\u2019). In most cases only you and the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against, and any legal representatives, can attend. Read about what to expect when you go to a court hearing.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call.\n\nThe court will provide an interpreter if you asked for one when you applied for the injunction. They can translate what happens during the hearing but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.\n\nContact the court before the hearing if you need support or extra protection.\n\nThe judge may make a decision without a hearing if, for example:\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against lives with you\n\nThis is called \u2018on paper\u2019.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nAt the end of the hearing the court will make one of the following decisions:\n\n- the person you\u2019ve applied for an injunction against must make an \u2018undertaking\u2019 (a promise) to do or not do something\n\n- you must provide more information - the court may issue a short-term order (an \u2018interim order\u2019) to protect you while you get this information\n\n- it will issue an order - when that ends they may hold another hearing to decide whether to renew the order\n\nYou\u2019ll get a copy of the order if the court issues one. It will say what the respondent can and cannot do.\n\nIf your order expires and you still want protection, you\u2019ll have to apply again.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou must arrange for the order to be \u2018served\u2019 on the respondent. This means making sure they get a copy of the order in person.\n\nIf you have a solicitor, they will arrange for the documents to be served. If you do not have a solicitor you can:\n\n- ask the court to serve the documents - you will not need to pay for this\n\n- hire a professional process server to serve the documents\n\nDo not serve the documents yourself.\n\nThe court will send the order and the statement of service to the officer in charge of your neighbourhood police station or the police station named in the court order.\n\nIf the person named in your injunction does not follow the court order, you can call the police.\n\n## Complaints and appeals\n\nYou can complain to the court where you had the hearing if you\u2019re unhappy with the service they provided.\n\nYou may be able to make an appeal about the decision if you think there\u2019s been a serious mistake. You\u2019ll have to get permission to make the appeal and there\u2019s usually a fee. Read the guidance on how to make an appeal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We adopted our child from an adoption agency. He has become quite abusive to use as parents, and we want him to leave the house. We know about the existence of the injunctions.", + "original_question": "Are injunctions also applicable to adopted family members?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1653", + "question": "Scenario: My sister lost her job after a work colleague accused her wrongly of theft. After a thorough investigation they found out that my sister was innocent .\n\nQuestion: Can she make a claim?\n\nDocument - Make a claim to an employment tribunal:\n## When you can claim\n\nYou can make a claim to an employment tribunal if you think someone has treated you unlawfully, such as your employer, a potential employer or a trade union.\n\nUnlawful treatment can include:\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n- discrimination\n\n- unfair deductions from your pay\n\nThis guide and the online service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou usually have to make a claim to the tribunal within 3 months of your employment ending or the problem happening.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to you (the \u2018claimant\u2019) and the person you\u2019re making a claim against (the \u2018respondent\u2019) before making a decision.\n\nSee if there\u2019s another way to solve the problem before you make a claim to a tribunal, such as using a grievance procedure.\n\n## Before you make a claim\n\nYou must tell the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) that you intend to make a claim to the tribunal.\n\nYou\u2019ll be offered the chance to try and settle the dispute without going to court by using Acas\u2019s free \u2018Early Conciliation\u2019 service.\n\nIf early conciliation does not work, Acas will send you an early conciliation certificate - use this when you make a claim to the tribunal.\n\nOnce you receive your certificate, you\u2019ll have at least one month left to make your claim.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nCall the Employment Tribunal customer contact centre if you have any questions about your claim. They cannot give you legal advice.\n\nCall Acas if you have any questions about early conciliation. They cannot answer questions about your claim.\n\n## Legal help\n\nYou may want to get legal help or advice if you\u2019re in England and Wales or Scotland before you make your claim.\n\nYour trade union may be able to pay for a solicitor.\n\nYou can also get free legal advice from Citizens Advice or Citizens Advice Scotland.\n\nThe Equality Advisory and Support Service can help if your claim is about discrimination. You may also be able to get legal aid.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nYou can make a claim to the employment tribunal online.\n\nYou should read the guidance for whistleblowing if it relates to your claim.\n\nThis online service is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nClaim online\n\n## Make a claim by post\n\nYou can also download and fill in a claim form.\n\nRead the guidance for making a claim before you fill in the form. You should also read the guidance for whistleblowing if it relates to your claim.\n\nYou do not have to pay a fee to make a claim to the Employment Tribunal, even if it says so on the form.\n\nSend your completed form to one of the following addresses, depending on where you were working.\n\n## Talk-through service\n\nUse the employment tribunal talk-through service only if you\u2019re unable to use a computer without help.\n\nBefore calling make sure you have:\n\n- your Acas early conciliation certificate number or a valid reason why you do not have one\n\n- details of your claim including the background, dates and people involved\n\nThis service will not give you advice on the details of your claim. Contact the number for general enquiries instead.\n\n## After you make a claim\n\nThe respondent usually has to reply to your claim in writing within 28 days of getting your claim form. They will give their side of the case.\n\nOnce they\u2019ve replied, the tribunal will decide whether there will be a full hearing to decide on your case.\n\nIf they do not reply, the tribunal may decide on your case without you having to go to a hearing.\n\n## Hearings and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person.\n\nIf you\u2019re a legal professional, read guidance on how cases are affected by COVID-19.\n\n## \u2018Preliminary hearing\u2019\n\nYou may be asked to go to an initial hearing (called a preliminary hearing) with the judge to decide on things like:\n\n- whether part or all of your claim can go ahead\n\n- the date and time of a hearing\n\n- how long the hearing should take\n\n## Arrange documents\n\nYou can ask the respondent for documents that will help you with your case, and they can request documents from you.\n\nExamples of documents include:\n\n- a contract of employment\n\n- pay slips\n\n- details of your pension scheme\n\n- notes from relevant meetings you attended at work\n\nUsually the tribunal will issue an order setting out a timetable for when you should exchange documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how many copies of each document to bring to the hearing.\n\n## Organise witnesses\n\nYou can bring witnesses to the hearing if they can give evidence directly relevant to your case.\n\nIf you ask a witness to attend and they do not want to, you can ask the tribunal to order them to come. You must apply in writing to the tribunal office dealing with your case, giving:\n\n- the name and address of the witness\n\n- details of what the witness may be able to say and how it will help your case\n\n- the reason the witness has refused to attend (if they gave you one)\n\nYou\u2019ll most likely be responsible for paying the witness\u2019s expenses.\n\n## Going to a tribunal hearing\n\nCases are normally held at the employment tribunal office closest to where you worked.\n\nYou must take the documents you\u2019re using to support your case. You can take a colleague or someone else with you if you want.\n\nYou cannot claim for expenses for going to the hearing.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. If you need to attend in person, find out what to expect when coming to your hearing. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll present your case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The respondent will present their case against you.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally give evidence first, unless your case is about unfair dismissal. You can also call witnesses to give evidence.\n\nYou will usually be asked questions by:\n\n- the judge\n\n- the respondent\n\n- two other tribunal members (only in certain cases)\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the decision in the post a few days or weeks after the hearing. The decision will be published on GOV.UK. In certain cases you may also be given the decision at the hearing.\n\n## If you win your case\n\nIf you win your case, the tribunal can order the losing party to do certain things depending on the type of case. Examples include:\n\n- paying you compensation\n\n- paying you any witness expenses you\u2019ve paid\n\n- improving your working conditions\n\n- giving you your job back, if appropriate\n\nIf you get compensation, the amount can depend on:\n\n- the type of case - there are limits on certain cases\n\n- how much money you\u2019ve lost because of the respondent\u2019s actions\n\n- your age, length of service and salary\n\n## If the respondent does not pay\n\nIf you do not get your payment, contact them to find out why.\n\nIf they still do not pay you can ask to have them fined and named online by the government. You can also ask a court to force them to pay.\n\nYou cannot do these things if the respondent has appealed, or is about to. They have 42 days to appeal.\n\n## Get the respondent fined and named online by the government\n\nUse the penalty enforcement form. Post it to the address on the form or email it to the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy.\n\nThe respondent will initially get a warning notice telling them they may be fined, and named online by the government.\n\nIf they do not pay the compensation within 28 days of this notice they\u2019ll have to pay a fine and may be named online by the government.\n\nYou can still get a court to force them to pay.\n\n## Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in England or Wales\n\nYou can use the Fast Track scheme to send a High Court Enforcement Officer - similar to a bailiff - to demand payment from the respondent.\n\nIt costs \u00a366, which you get back from the respondent when they pay.\n\nFill in the Fast Track Enforcement form (or the Acas settlement form if your case was settled before a hearing) and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can also ask the local county court to send an enforcement officer to get the money from the respondent. This costs \u00a344.\n\nFill in an application to enforce an award form and send it with a copy of the tribunal\u2019s decision to your local county court.\n\n## Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nWrite to the office that heard your case and ask for an \u2018extract of the judgment\u2019. A sheriff officer can use this to force the respondent to pay.\n\nIf the respondent is \u2018insolvent\u2019 (for example, they\u2019re in administration, liquidation or receivership) you can make a claim for money they owe you, including redundancy payments.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou can ask the tribunal to reconsider the decision (or \u2018judgment\u2019) if you lose your case.\n\nYou must write to the tribunal office within 14 days of getting the decision, saying why you want it to be reconsidered.\n\nYou also need to give good reasons, for example:\n\n- the tribunal made a mistake in the way it reached its decision\n\n- you were not told about the hearing, or were not at the hearing\n\n- there\u2019s new evidence\n\nSend your letter to the tribunal office that dealt with your case.\n\n## Appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal\n\nYou can also appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal if you think the employment tribunal made a legal mistake.\n\n## Get a refund for tribunal fees\n\nYou can get a refund if you paid fees at an Employment Tribunal or Employment Appeals Tribunal between 29 July 2013 and 26 July 2017.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply online if:\n\n- you have not changed your name since you made the claim to the tribunal\n\n- your claim was against one employer\n\n- you have a UK bank account\n\nOtherwise, you can apply by post or email.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include how much you paid in tribunal fees.\n\n## Apply online\n\nUse the service to apply for a refund online.\n\n## Apply by email or post\n\nThe form you use depends on why you paid the fees.\n\nUse form 1/2-CR if:\n\n- you made the claim on your own and paid the fees\n\n- a claim was brought against you and you were ordered to pay someone\u2019s fees, or if you paid any other fees to the tribunal\n\n- you were the \u2018lead claimant\u2019 in a joint (\u2018multiple\u2019) claim for less than 11 people\n\nUse form 3-S if:\n\n- you paid the fees for someone else to make the claim\n\n- you were the \u2018lead claimant\u2019 in a joint (\u2018multiple\u2019) claim for over 10 people\n\nSend your completed form by post or email to HM Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS).\n\n## Get help applying\n\nContact HMCTS if you need help applying or have questions about refunds.\n\nFind out about call charges.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf you\u2019re entitled to a refund it\u2019ll be transferred to your bank account (plus 0.5% interest). You\u2019ll get a letter confirming the amount.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Employment Tribunal follows rules and processes that you also have to follow.\n\nYou can also read other relevant tribunal rules and regulations.\n\nThe tribunal has issued guidance and practice directions for England and Wales and Scotland which provide more information about specific areas, such as postponing hearings and serving documents.\n\nYou can also read guidance about specific cases.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My sister lost her job after a work colleague accused her wrongly of theft. After a thorough investigation they found out that my sister was innocent .", + "original_question": "Can she make a claim?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1654", + "question": "Scenario: I have filed a case against my employer . He reduced my salary without notice citing that I did not report to work for 2 weeks. I have witnesses who want to testify in court .\n\nQuestion: Can I ask my employer to pay the witness expenses?\n\nDocument - Make a claim to an employment tribunal:\n## When you can claim\n\nYou can make a claim to an employment tribunal if you think someone has treated you unlawfully, such as your employer, a potential employer or a trade union.\n\nUnlawful treatment can include:\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n- discrimination\n\n- unfair deductions from your pay\n\nThis guide and the online service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou usually have to make a claim to the tribunal within 3 months of your employment ending or the problem happening.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to you (the \u2018claimant\u2019) and the person you\u2019re making a claim against (the \u2018respondent\u2019) before making a decision.\n\nSee if there\u2019s another way to solve the problem before you make a claim to a tribunal, such as using a grievance procedure.\n\n## Before you make a claim\n\nYou must tell the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) that you intend to make a claim to the tribunal.\n\nYou\u2019ll be offered the chance to try and settle the dispute without going to court by using Acas\u2019s free \u2018Early Conciliation\u2019 service.\n\nIf early conciliation does not work, Acas will send you an early conciliation certificate - use this when you make a claim to the tribunal.\n\nOnce you receive your certificate, you\u2019ll have at least one month left to make your claim.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nCall the Employment Tribunal customer contact centre if you have any questions about your claim. They cannot give you legal advice.\n\nCall Acas if you have any questions about early conciliation. They cannot answer questions about your claim.\n\n## Legal help\n\nYou may want to get legal help or advice if you\u2019re in England and Wales or Scotland before you make your claim.\n\nYour trade union may be able to pay for a solicitor.\n\nYou can also get free legal advice from Citizens Advice or Citizens Advice Scotland.\n\nThe Equality Advisory and Support Service can help if your claim is about discrimination. You may also be able to get legal aid.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nYou can make a claim to the employment tribunal online.\n\nYou should read the guidance for whistleblowing if it relates to your claim.\n\nThis online service is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nClaim online\n\n## Make a claim by post\n\nYou can also download and fill in a claim form.\n\nRead the guidance for making a claim before you fill in the form. You should also read the guidance for whistleblowing if it relates to your claim.\n\nYou do not have to pay a fee to make a claim to the Employment Tribunal, even if it says so on the form.\n\nSend your completed form to one of the following addresses, depending on where you were working.\n\n## Talk-through service\n\nUse the employment tribunal talk-through service only if you\u2019re unable to use a computer without help.\n\nBefore calling make sure you have:\n\n- your Acas early conciliation certificate number or a valid reason why you do not have one\n\n- details of your claim including the background, dates and people involved\n\nThis service will not give you advice on the details of your claim. Contact the number for general enquiries instead.\n\n## After you make a claim\n\nThe respondent usually has to reply to your claim in writing within 28 days of getting your claim form. They will give their side of the case.\n\nOnce they\u2019ve replied, the tribunal will decide whether there will be a full hearing to decide on your case.\n\nIf they do not reply, the tribunal may decide on your case without you having to go to a hearing.\n\n## Hearings and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person.\n\nIf you\u2019re a legal professional, read guidance on how cases are affected by COVID-19.\n\n## \u2018Preliminary hearing\u2019\n\nYou may be asked to go to an initial hearing (called a preliminary hearing) with the judge to decide on things like:\n\n- whether part or all of your claim can go ahead\n\n- the date and time of a hearing\n\n- how long the hearing should take\n\n## Arrange documents\n\nYou can ask the respondent for documents that will help you with your case, and they can request documents from you.\n\nExamples of documents include:\n\n- a contract of employment\n\n- pay slips\n\n- details of your pension scheme\n\n- notes from relevant meetings you attended at work\n\nUsually the tribunal will issue an order setting out a timetable for when you should exchange documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how many copies of each document to bring to the hearing.\n\n## Organise witnesses\n\nYou can bring witnesses to the hearing if they can give evidence directly relevant to your case.\n\nIf you ask a witness to attend and they do not want to, you can ask the tribunal to order them to come. You must apply in writing to the tribunal office dealing with your case, giving:\n\n- the name and address of the witness\n\n- details of what the witness may be able to say and how it will help your case\n\n- the reason the witness has refused to attend (if they gave you one)\n\nYou\u2019ll most likely be responsible for paying the witness\u2019s expenses.\n\n## Going to a tribunal hearing\n\nCases are normally held at the employment tribunal office closest to where you worked.\n\nYou must take the documents you\u2019re using to support your case. You can take a colleague or someone else with you if you want.\n\nYou cannot claim for expenses for going to the hearing.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. If you need to attend in person, find out what to expect when coming to your hearing. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll present your case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The respondent will present their case against you.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally give evidence first, unless your case is about unfair dismissal. You can also call witnesses to give evidence.\n\nYou will usually be asked questions by:\n\n- the judge\n\n- the respondent\n\n- two other tribunal members (only in certain cases)\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the decision in the post a few days or weeks after the hearing. The decision will be published on GOV.UK. In certain cases you may also be given the decision at the hearing.\n\n## If you win your case\n\nIf you win your case, the tribunal can order the losing party to do certain things depending on the type of case. Examples include:\n\n- paying you compensation\n\n- paying you any witness expenses you\u2019ve paid\n\n- improving your working conditions\n\n- giving you your job back, if appropriate\n\nIf you get compensation, the amount can depend on:\n\n- the type of case - there are limits on certain cases\n\n- how much money you\u2019ve lost because of the respondent\u2019s actions\n\n- your age, length of service and salary\n\n## If the respondent does not pay\n\nIf you do not get your payment, contact them to find out why.\n\nIf they still do not pay you can ask to have them fined and named online by the government. You can also ask a court to force them to pay.\n\nYou cannot do these things if the respondent has appealed, or is about to. They have 42 days to appeal.\n\n## Get the respondent fined and named online by the government\n\nUse the penalty enforcement form. Post it to the address on the form or email it to the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy.\n\nThe respondent will initially get a warning notice telling them they may be fined, and named online by the government.\n\nIf they do not pay the compensation within 28 days of this notice they\u2019ll have to pay a fine and may be named online by the government.\n\nYou can still get a court to force them to pay.\n\n## Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in England or Wales\n\nYou can use the Fast Track scheme to send a High Court Enforcement Officer - similar to a bailiff - to demand payment from the respondent.\n\nIt costs \u00a366, which you get back from the respondent when they pay.\n\nFill in the Fast Track Enforcement form (or the Acas settlement form if your case was settled before a hearing) and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can also ask the local county court to send an enforcement officer to get the money from the respondent. This costs \u00a344.\n\nFill in an application to enforce an award form and send it with a copy of the tribunal\u2019s decision to your local county court.\n\n## Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nWrite to the office that heard your case and ask for an \u2018extract of the judgment\u2019. A sheriff officer can use this to force the respondent to pay.\n\nIf the respondent is \u2018insolvent\u2019 (for example, they\u2019re in administration, liquidation or receivership) you can make a claim for money they owe you, including redundancy payments.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou can ask the tribunal to reconsider the decision (or \u2018judgment\u2019) if you lose your case.\n\nYou must write to the tribunal office within 14 days of getting the decision, saying why you want it to be reconsidered.\n\nYou also need to give good reasons, for example:\n\n- the tribunal made a mistake in the way it reached its decision\n\n- you were not told about the hearing, or were not at the hearing\n\n- there\u2019s new evidence\n\nSend your letter to the tribunal office that dealt with your case.\n\n## Appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal\n\nYou can also appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal if you think the employment tribunal made a legal mistake.\n\n## Get a refund for tribunal fees\n\nYou can get a refund if you paid fees at an Employment Tribunal or Employment Appeals Tribunal between 29 July 2013 and 26 July 2017.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply online if:\n\n- you have not changed your name since you made the claim to the tribunal\n\n- your claim was against one employer\n\n- you have a UK bank account\n\nOtherwise, you can apply by post or email.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include how much you paid in tribunal fees.\n\n## Apply online\n\nUse the service to apply for a refund online.\n\n## Apply by email or post\n\nThe form you use depends on why you paid the fees.\n\nUse form 1/2-CR if:\n\n- you made the claim on your own and paid the fees\n\n- a claim was brought against you and you were ordered to pay someone\u2019s fees, or if you paid any other fees to the tribunal\n\n- you were the \u2018lead claimant\u2019 in a joint (\u2018multiple\u2019) claim for less than 11 people\n\nUse form 3-S if:\n\n- you paid the fees for someone else to make the claim\n\n- you were the \u2018lead claimant\u2019 in a joint (\u2018multiple\u2019) claim for over 10 people\n\nSend your completed form by post or email to HM Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS).\n\n## Get help applying\n\nContact HMCTS if you need help applying or have questions about refunds.\n\nFind out about call charges.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf you\u2019re entitled to a refund it\u2019ll be transferred to your bank account (plus 0.5% interest). You\u2019ll get a letter confirming the amount.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Employment Tribunal follows rules and processes that you also have to follow.\n\nYou can also read other relevant tribunal rules and regulations.\n\nThe tribunal has issued guidance and practice directions for England and Wales and Scotland which provide more information about specific areas, such as postponing hearings and serving documents.\n\nYou can also read guidance about specific cases.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have filed a case against my employer . He reduced my salary without notice citing that I did not report to work for 2 weeks. I have witnesses who want to testify in court .", + "original_question": "Can I ask my employer to pay the witness expenses?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1655", + "question": "Scenario: I am an employee of a company that has been summoned for jury service. I have difficulty hearing, and believe this would make it difficult to participate.\n\nQuestion: Is poor hearing grounds to be excused from jury service?\n\nDocument - Jury service:\n## How jury service works\n\nIf you get a jury summons in the post, you must respond within 7 days and confirm if you can attend.\n\nYour name was chosen randomly from the electoral register.\n\nYou\u2019ll be part of a jury of 12 people to decide the outcome of a criminal trial.\n\nYou can watch a video about jury service. There\u2019s also a Welsh language version of the video.\n\n## Jury service and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nIf you\u2019ve received a jury summons, you will need to attend. Jury staff will contact you to confirm the days and times you need to attend.\n\nDo not go to court if you have COVID-19 symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\nYou can read more about how coronavirus is affecting jury service including the social distancing measures that are in place.\n\n## How long jury service lasts\n\nJury service usually lasts up to 10 working days.\n\nIf the trial is likely to last longer than 10 days, jury staff will let you know. If the trial is shorter than 10 days, you may be asked to be a juror on other trials.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to be at court from 10am to 5:30pm Monday to Friday, but times can vary.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to arrive at court earlier on your first day. Check your summons letter for the exact time.\n\n## What you can claim\n\nYou will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if you lose earnings. You can also claim some expenses, for example travel.\n\nFind out what you can claim:\n\n- if you\u2019re an employee\n\n- if you\u2019re self-employed\n\n- if you\u2019re not working\n\n## What you can claim if you\u2019re an employee\n\nYou will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if your earnings are affected. For each day you\u2019re at court, you can usually claim:\n\n- up to \u00a364.95 towards your loss of earnings, and any care or childcare costs outside of your usual arrangements\n\n- \u00a35.71 for food and drink\n\n- the cost of travel to and from court\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to claim expenses after your jury service has ended.\n\n## Taking time off work\n\nGive a copy of your jury summons to your employer.\n\nYour employer must let you have time off work, but can ask you to delay your jury service if your absence will have a serious effect on their business.\n\n## Problems with your employer\n\nIf you\u2019re not allowed to take time off work for jury service, you can complain to an employment tribunal.\n\nIf you\u2019re sacked because you do jury service you may be able to claim unfair dismissal.\n\n## Getting paid during jury service\n\nYour employer can choose whether or not to pay you during your service.\n\nIf they do not pay you, you can claim for loss of earnings from the court.\n\n## If you get benefits or financial support\n\nShow your jury summons to your benefit office or work coach as soon as you get it.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to get financial support and benefits (such as Universal Credit) for the first 8 weeks. After that, the court will give you a loss of earnings form to give to your benefit office or work coach.\n\n## What you can claim\n\nThere\u2019s a limit to how much you can claim for each day you\u2019re at court.\n\n## Loss of earnings, childcare and other care costs\n\nHow much you can claim to cover loss of earnings and care costs depends on the length of your jury service and how many hours you spend at court each day.\n\nFor the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:\n\n- \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court\n\n- \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court\n\nIf your jury service lasts longer than 10 working days, the amount you can claim increases. You\u2019ll be able to claim up to:\n\n- \u00a3129.91 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court\n\n- \u00a364.95 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court\n\n## Travel and parking costs\n\nHow much you can claim depends on how you travel to court.\n\n| How you travel to court | The court will pay |\n\n| Bus or underground | Cost of the ticket |\n\n| Train | Cost of the ticket (standard class return fare) |\n\n| Bicycle | 9.6p per mile |\n\n| Motorcycle | 31.4p per mile |\n\n| Car | 31.4p per mile - check if the court will pay for parking |\n\n| Car - for one other juror as a passenger | 4.2p per mile |\n\n| Car - for each additional passenger | 3.2p per mile |\n\n| Taxi | The fare - ask the court for permission before using a taxi |\n\n## Food and drink\n\nHow much you can claim depends on how many hours you spend in court each day.\n\n| Time spent each day | The court will pay up to |\n\n| Up to and including 10 hours a day | \u00a35.71 per day |\n\n| Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day |\n\n## Estimate your expenses\n\nYou can use a calculator to check what you can claim.\n\n## What you can claim if you\u2019re self-employed\n\nYou will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if your earnings are affected. For each day you\u2019re at court, you can usually claim:\n\n- up to \u00a364.95 towards your loss of earnings, and any care or childcare costs outside of your usual arrangements\n\n- \u00a35.71 for food and drink\n\n- the cost of travel to and from court\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to claim expenses after your jury service has ended.\n\nYou can ask to delay your jury service if you cannot do jury service on the dates in your summons letter.\n\n## If you get benefits or financial support\n\nShow your jury summons to your benefit office or work coach as soon as you get it.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to get financial support and benefits (such as Universal Credit) for the first 8 weeks. After that, the court will give you a loss of earnings form to give to your benefit office or work coach.\n\n## What you can claim\n\nThere\u2019s a limit to how much you can claim for each day you\u2019re at court.\n\n## Loss of earnings, childcare and other care costs\n\nHow much you can claim to cover loss of earnings and care costs depends on the length of your jury service and how many hours you spend at court each day.\n\nFor the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:\n\n- \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court\n\n- \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court\n\nIf your jury service lasts longer than 10 working days, the amount you can claim increases. You\u2019ll be able to claim up to:\n\n- \u00a3129.91 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court\n\n- \u00a364.95 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court\n\n## Travel and parking costs\n\nHow much you can claim depends on how you travel to court.\n\n| How you travel to court | The court will pay |\n\n| Bus or underground | Cost of the ticket |\n\n| Train | Cost of the ticket (standard class return fare) |\n\n| Bicycle | 9.6p per mile |\n\n| Motorcycle | 31.4p per mile |\n\n| Car | 31.4p per mile - check if the court will pay for parking |\n\n| Car - for one other juror as a passenger | 4.2p per mile |\n\n| Car - for each additional passenger | 3.2p per mile |\n\n| Taxi | The fare - ask the court for permission before using a taxi |\n\n## Food and drink\n\nHow much you can claim depends on how many hours you spend in court each day.\n\n| Time spent each day | The court will pay up to |\n\n| Up to and including 10 hours a day | \u00a35.71 per day |\n\n| Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day |\n\n## Estimate your expenses\n\nYou can use a calculator to check what you can claim.\n\n## What you can claim if you're not working\n\nYou will not be paid for doing jury service, but you can claim some money back if your earnings are affected. For each day you\u2019re at court, you can usually claim:\n\n- up to \u00a364.95 towards your loss of earnings, and any care or childcare costs outside of your usual arrangements\n\n- \u00a35.71 for food and drink\n\n- the cost of travel to and from court\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to claim expenses after your jury service has ended.\n\nYou can ask to delay your jury service if you cannot do jury service on the dates in your summons letter.\n\n## If you get benefits or financial support\n\nShow your jury summons to your benefit office or work coach as soon as you get it.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to get financial support and benefits (such as Universal Credit) for the first 8 weeks. After that, the court will give you a loss of earnings form to give to your benefit office or work coach.\n\n## What you can claim\n\nThere\u2019s a limit to how much you can claim for each day you\u2019re at court.\n\n## Childcare and other care costs if you are not working\n\nHow much you can claim to cover care costs depends on the length of your jury service and how many hours you spend at court each day.\n\nFor the first 10 days of jury service, you can claim up to:\n\n- \u00a364.95 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court\n\n- \u00a332.47 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court\n\nIf your jury service lasts longer than 10 working days, the amount you can claim increases. You\u2019ll be able to claim up to:\n\n- \u00a3129.91 a day if you spend more than 4 hours at court\n\n- \u00a364.95 a day if you spend 4 hours or less at court\n\n## Travel and parking costs\n\nHow much you can claim depends on how you travel to court.\n\n| How you travel to court | The court will pay |\n\n| Bus or underground | Cost of the ticket |\n\n| Train | Cost of the ticket (standard class return fare) |\n\n| Bicycle | 9.6p per mile |\n\n| Motorcycle | 31.4p per mile |\n\n| Car | 31.4p per mile - check if the court will pay for parking |\n\n| Car - for one other juror as a passenger | 4.2p per mile |\n\n| Car - for each additional passenger | 3.2p per mile |\n\n| Taxi | The fare - ask the court for permission before using a taxi |\n\n## Food and drink\n\nHow much you can claim depends on how many hours you spend in court each day.\n\n| Time spent each day | The court will pay up to |\n\n| Up to and including 10 hours a day | \u00a35.71 per day |\n\n| Over 10 hours a day | \u00a312.17 per day |\n\n## Estimate your expenses\n\nYou can use a calculator to check what you can claim.\n\n## Ask to change the date or be excused\n\nIf you cannot do jury service on the dates in your summons letter, you can ask to change the date or be excused.\n\n## Ask to change the date of your jury service\n\nYou might be able to change the date of your jury service to another date within the next 12 months. You\u2019ll need a good reason, for example:\n\n- you\u2019re having an operation\n\n- you\u2019re sitting an exam\n\n- your employer will not give you time off work\n\n- you have a holiday booked\n\n- you\u2019re a new parent\n\nYou can only ask to change the date once.\n\nTo change the date, reply to your jury summons explaining your reasons in detail. When you reply you can suggest 3 possible dates in the next 12 months that work for you.\n\n## Ask to be excused from jury service\n\nIf it\u2019s not possible for you to do jury service in the next 12 months, you can ask to be excused. You\u2019ll only be allowed to do this in exceptional circumstances, for example:\n\n- you have a serious illness or disability that prevents you from doing jury service\n\n- you\u2019re a full time carer of someone with an illness or disability\n\n- you\u2019re a new parent and will not be able to serve at any other time in the next 12 months\n\nIf you cannot do jury service because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you should ask to change the date.\n\nYou can also ask to be excused from jury service if you\u2019ve done it in the last 2 years.\n\nIf you do not do jury service this time, you could still receive a summons in the future.\n\nTo ask to be excused, reply to your jury summons explaining your reasons in detail. You might need to give proof, for example, if you\u2019re ill you might be asked for a letter from your doctor.\n\nIf your request is turned down, you can still ask to change the date of your jury service.\n\n## If you disagree with the decision\n\nYou can appeal if your request to change the date of your jury service or be excused is refused. Write to the Jury Central Summoning Bureau, including:\n\n- why you disagree with the decision\n\n- your juror number (this is on your summons letter)\n\n- your name and address\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- the name and address of the court you\u2019ve been summoned to\n\n- the dates of your jury service\n\n## Get help\n\nContact the Jury Central Summoning Bureau if you have questions about jury service.\n\n## Respond to the summons\n\nYou must respond to your jury summons within 7 days of getting it.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- reply to the jury summons online\n\n- complete and return the form by post\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not return the form or turn up for your jury service.\n\n## After you respond\n\nThe Jury Central Summoning Bureau will send you a letter to confirm details of your jury service, including when and where it will take place.\n\nIf you asked to change the date or to be excused, the letter will explain if your request was accepted.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to bring your summons or confirmation letter to court with you on your first day of jury service.\n\nDue to coronavirus (COVID-19), you may be asked to go to a different location than the one you were summoned to. If the court needs to change the venue, they will contact you at least one week before your jury service is due to start. Check which courts offer additional locations.\n\n## Get help\n\nContact the Jury Central Summoning Bureau if you have questions about jury service or about a decision.\n\nThe Jury Central Summoning Bureau may be able to change the location of your jury service if you\u2019ve been summoned to a court far from where you live. For example, if you\u2019ve recently moved house or if you\u2019re at university and you\u2019ve been summoned to a court near your family home.\n\nContact the court if you:\n\n- need directions\n\n- have a question about your expenses claim\n\n## Going to court as a juror\n\nOn your first day, you should bring:\n\n- your jury summons form or your jury service confirmation letter\n\n- some identification, such as your passport, photo driving licence or Home Office documents showing your UK immigration status\n\nIf you do not have identification, you can bring any 2 documents from the following:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- your credit card with 3 statements and proof of signature\n\n- your cheque book and bank card with 3 statements and proof of signature\n\n- 3 utility bills showing your name and address\n\n## Laptops, tablets and mobile phones\n\nYou can bring your mobile phone, tablet or laptop into the court building and use it in the jury assembly area.\n\nYou cannot take your phone, laptop or tablet into the deliberation room. All courts have lockers or somewhere you can safely store your personal items.\n\nThere is free wifi in most courts.\n\n## What to wear\n\nThere is no strict dress code and you can wear clothes you\u2019re comfortable in, such as jeans and a t-shirt.\n\nVery casual clothing such as shorts or clothing with inappropriate logos or slogans are not allowed.\n\n## What will happen when you arrive at court\n\nAllow extra time to go through security at court.\n\nCourt staff will show you where the jury assembly area is and the jury manager will:\n\n- tell you about jury service\n\n- explain your responsibilities\n\n- tell you what expenses you can claim and how to claim them\n\nThere are extra security and hygiene measures in place because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you have a disability\n\nCheck what facilities are available in the court you\u2019re going to.\n\nContact the Jury Central Summoning Bureau if you have questions about the facilities or to arrange a visit to the court.\n\n## Discussing the trial\n\nDo not discuss the trial with anyone until it\u2019s finished, except with other jury members in the deliberation room.\n\nAfter the trial you must not talk about what happened in the deliberation room, even with family members. You can talk about what happened in the courtroom.\n\nDo not post comments about the trial on social media websites like Facebook or Twitter - even after the trial\u2019s finished. This is contempt of court and you can be fined or sent to prison.\n\n## If anyone approaches you about the trial\n\nTell a court officer if you\u2019re approached about the trial. If you\u2019re approached outside court, tell a police officer.\n\n## If you find the trial distressing\n\nYou may be upset by the trial and want to speak to someone privately. Speak to court staff - they\u2019ll give you advice.\n\nFor emotional support speak to your GP to find out what support is available. You can also contact the Samaritans - although they cannot give advice.\n\n## How to claim expenses\n\nMake your claim for expenses at the end of your jury service - and no more than 12 months after your jury service started.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be paid 7 to 10 working days after submitting your claim form.\n\nThe court may be able to pay your expenses during the trial if it\u2019s likely to last a long time or if you\u2019re facing financial hardship. Ask jury staff for more information.\n\n## Food, drink and travel expenses\n\nFill in the claim form you received at the start of jury service. Return it to the court with the relevant receipts.\n\n## Loss of earnings\n\nWhat you need to do depends on whether you are employed or self-employed.\n\n## If you\u2019re an employee\n\nYour employer needs to fill in a loss of earnings form if they\u2019ve told you they are not going to pay you during jury service. Bring it to court on your first day of jury service.\n\n## If you\u2019re self-employed\n\nFill in a self-employed loss of earnings form. You\u2019ll need to include evidence of lost earnings, such as your most recent tax return.\n\n## Care and childcare expenses\n\nYou and the carer need to fill in the care expenses form to claim for costs outside of your usual care arrangements.\n\nIf you\u2019re using a registered childminder, they need to write their Ofsted number on the form. If a family member or friend is looking after your children, they must write a letter saying how many hours they\u2019ve cared for your child.\n\nBring your child\u2019s birth certificate or passport to court during your service or attach a copy to the claim form.\n\nReturn the form to the court with evidence of the cost of care, for example invoices or receipts.\n\n## Questions about expenses\n\nContact the court where you did jury service if you have questions about expenses.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/jury-service", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an employee of a company that has been summoned for jury service. I have difficulty hearing, and believe this would make it difficult to participate.", + "original_question": "Is poor hearing grounds to be excused from jury service?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1656", + "question": "Scenario: My brother and I had issues with the documentation regarding the home my father left us in his will. We were able to reach a decision among ourselves shortly after we applied to the land registration tribunal.\n\nQuestion: Is the hearing required if both of us agree with making a decision without a hearing?\n\nDocument - Apply to the land registration tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou need to apply to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber (First-tier Tribunal) if you want to correct or cancel certain documents relating to registered land.\n\nYou may also be referred to the tribunal by HM Land Registry if you\u2019re in a dispute over a change to the land register (known as a \u2018reference case\u2019).\n\nIf you want to change the title register or title plan, contact HM Land Registry directly.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou may want to get help and advice before you appeal, for example from a lawyer.\n\n## Apply to the tribunal\n\nApply to the tribunal if you want to correct or cancel (sometimes known as \u2018set aside\u2019) certain documents relating to registered land. You can also object to someone else\u2019s application. These are known as \u2018rectification cases\u2019.\n\n## Apply to make a change to a document\n\nDownload and fill in the application form and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou must also include a statement saying that you believe that the facts stated in the application are true.\n\nThe tribunal will then send, or tell you to send, a copy of the application to all other interested parties.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told whether there\u2019ll be a hearing to decide your case.\n\n## Object to a change of a document\n\nDownload and fill in the objection form and send it to the address given in the form.\n\nYou must send the form within 28 days of getting your copy of an application to change the register.\n\nYour response must include your reasons for objecting to the application, giving all relevant facts and evidence\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include a list of and copies of all documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- the tribunal and all interested parties will need to understand the case\n\nYou\u2019ll be told by the tribunal if there\u2019ll be a hearing to decide your case.\n\n## Get help\n\nYou can get help with the appeal process and forms by contacting the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## Being referred to the tribunal\n\nYour case may be referred to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber if somebody disputes your application to HM Land Registry. This is known as a \u2018reference case\u2019.\n\nBoth parties will be sent a letter by the tribunal after your case has been referred by HM Land Registry.\n\nThe letter will explain whether you\u2019re the \u2018applicant\u2019 or the \u2018respondent\u2019. Generally, you\u2019ll be named as the applicant if the tribunal thinks you\u2019re the party that needs to prove its case.\n\n## Making a \u2018statement of case\u2019\n\n## Applicants\n\nYou have 28 days after getting the letter to send your \u2018statement of case\u2019 to the tribunal and the respondent. The letter will tell you where to send your statement.\n\nYour statement must include:\n\n- your name and address (and an address where documents can be sent to you)\n\n- the name and address of your legal representative (if you have one)\n\n- your reasons for supporting or objecting to the original application to HM Land Registry, giving all relevant facts and evidence\n\nYou need to include copies of documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- are needed to understand the case\n\nYou also need to include a list of the documents.\n\nAfter the other parties have responded to the tribunal, you\u2019ll be told if there\u2019s going to be a hearing.\n\n## Respondents\n\nYou have 28 days after getting the applicants \u2018statement of case\u2019 to send your own case to the tribunal and the applicant.\n\nYour statement must include your reasons for supporting or objecting to the original application to HM Land Registry, giving all relevant facts and evidence.\n\nYou need to include copies of all documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- are needed to understand the case\n\nYou also need to include a list of these documents.\n\nThe tribunal will then contact you to tell you if there\u2019s going to be a hearing.\n\n## Starting court proceedings\n\nYou or the other party can be ordered by the tribunal to start court proceedings at any time. This will happen if the tribunal cannot handle your case.\n\nYou can also contact the tribunal and ask them to make the other party start court proceedings, or voluntarily start proceedings yourself.\n\n## Get help\n\nYou can get help with the appeal process and forms by contacting the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou may have to attend a hearing where you (or your legal representative) and the other parties will present your cases to a judge.\n\nThe judge will decide:\n\n- which party wins the case\n\n- if any costs are payable by one party to another\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be told the outcome of the case within 42 days of the hearing.\n\n## Preparing for the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be told the time and date of the hearing and where its being held. You\u2019ll usually be told at least 14 days beforehand if there\u2019s going to be a hearing. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances or if all parties agree to a shorter notice period.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare and exchange evidence after all the parties have given their statements of case.\n\n## Decisions without hearings\n\nThe tribunal may make a decision without a hearing if all the people involved agree or if no one objects once given notice.\n\nThe people involved can also ask the tribunal to make a decision without a hearing.\n\n## Getting a time extension\n\nYou can ask for a time extension at any point in the proceedings.\n\nYou should ask all other parties involved to agree to an extension before applying to the tribunal.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper tribunal (Land Chamber) if you\u2019re not happy with the verdict. You must ask the First-tier Tribunal for permission first.\n\nYou can also ask the First-tier Tribunal to set aside their decision if you think there was a problem with the tribunal\u2019s procedure, for example you did not receive a notice of a hearing.\n\nRead guidance on how to challenge a decision for details.\n\nYou can complain about the tribunal staff or the service you received. You cannot complain about the decision.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nYou can read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases if you\u2019re representing yourself or someone else.\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on the Land Registration Act 2002.\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process in:\n\n- Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Property Chamber) Rules 2013\n\n- Practice Directions issued by the Senior President of Tribunals (30 July 2013) (PDF, 49KB)\n\n- Practice Statement issued by the Senior President of Tribunals (8 August 2017) (PDF, 0.1MB)\n\nYou can also search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-land-registration-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother and I had issues with the documentation regarding the home my father left us in his will. We were able to reach a decision among ourselves shortly after we applied to the land registration tribunal.", + "original_question": "Is the hearing required if both of us agree with making a decision without a hearing?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1659", + "question": "Scenario: My nephew is 22 years old and lives in UK. He has a manual driving license. He would like to offer driving lessons to my 19 years old son.\n\nQuestion: Is this allowed?\n\nDocument - Driving lessons and learning to drive:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a provisional driving licence when you\u2019re 15 years and 9 months old.\n\nYou can start driving a car when you\u2019re 17.\n\nYou can drive a car when you are 16 if you get, or have applied for, the enhanced rate of the mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP).\n\nCheck which vehicles you can learn to drive.\n\n## Learning to drive during coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can take driving lessons anywhere in the UK.\n\nYou and any passengers should wear a face covering, unless you\u2019re exempt.\n\nIn Scotland, you can be fined if you do not wear a face covering during a driving lesson.\n\nCheck the rules for practising with friends and family.\n\n## If you\u2019re learning to drive in Scotland\n\nYou and the person teaching you to drive must wear face coverings during driving lessons and practice sessions in Scotland.\n\nIf you do not wear a face covering, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\n- you and the person teaching you live in the same household\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou can be fined \u00a360 if you do not wear a face covering during a driving lesson in Scotland. This will be reduced to \u00a330 if you pay within 28 days.\n\n## Rules for learning to drive\n\nYou must have a provisional driving licence for Great Britain or Northern Ireland when you\u2019re learning to drive or ride.\n\nYou must be supervised when you\u2019re learning to drive a car. This can be by a driving instructor or someone else who meets the rules, for example family or friends.\n\nThe car you learn in must display \u2018L\u2019 plates.\n\nYou can drive at any time, day and night.\n\nYou can only drive on motorways if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re driving in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- you\u2019re with an approved driving instructor\n\n- the car is fitted with dual controls\n\n## Speed limits\n\nIn England, Scotland and Wales the speed limits when driving with \u2018L\u2019 plates are the same as when you\u2019ve passed your test.\n\nIn Northern Ireland the speed limit is 45 miles per hour when you\u2019re learning to drive a car.\n\n## Taking driving lessons\n\nAnyone you pay to teach you to drive must be either:\n\n- a qualified and approved driving instructor (ADI)\n\n- a trainee driving instructor\n\nYou can find your nearest driving instructors.\n\nThere are different rules in Northern Ireland for choosing an instructor.\n\nInstructors set their own prices for driving lessons - there\u2019s no minimum or maximum cost.\n\n## Check your instructor\u2019s badge\n\nInstructors have to display a badge in their windscreen to prove they\u2019re registered with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). They display:\n\n- a green badge if they\u2019re a qualified driving instructor\n\n- a pink badge if they\u2019re a trainee\n\nYou can report someone to DVSA if they charge for driving lessons and are not a qualified driving instructor or trainee.\n\n## Driving lessons\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have or hours you must practise driving.\n\nHow many lessons you need will depend on how quickly you learn. You can download a form to record your progress with your instructor.\n\nYou can complain about a driving instructor if you\u2019re not happy with their service or behaviour.\n\n## Practising with family or friends\n\nIn England, you can practice driving with family or friends, but this is restricted to groups of no more than 6 people, or 2 households. Follow the rules for car sharing in the coronavirus (COVID-19) travel guidance.\n\nIn Scotland, there are different rules depending on which area level you are in, but you are legally required to wear a face covering unless you are exempt. Read the guidance on driving lessons in Scotland.\n\nIn Wales, you can practice driving with people you live with or those within your support bubble. You do not need to stay in your local council area.\n\nAnyone you practise your driving with (without paying them) must:\n\n- be over 21\n\n- be qualified to drive the type of vehicle you want to learn in, for example they must have a manual car licence if they\u2019re supervising you in a manual car\n\n- have had their full driving licence for 3 years (from the UK, the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein)\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get up to 6 penalty points on your provisional licence if you drive without the right supervision.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal for your friend or family member to use a mobile phone while supervising you.\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou need your own insurance as a learner driver if you\u2019re practising in a car you own. Your family member or friend will usually be covered on this.\n\nIf you\u2019re practising in someone else\u2019s car, you need to make sure their insurance policy covers you as a learner driver.\n\nSome insurance companies require the person supervising you to be over 25 years old.\n\nYou can get an unlimited fine, be banned from driving and get up to 8 penalty points for driving without insurance.\n\n## Recording your practice\n\nYou can download a form to record any practice you do without your driving instructor.\n\n## Using 'L' and 'P' plates\n\nYou must put an L plate on the front and back of your vehicle so they can be seen easily.\n\nIn Wales, you can use a D plate instead.\n\nAn L plate or D plate must:\n\n- have a red L or D on a white background\n\n- be the right size\n\nYou can get up to 6 penalty points if you do not display an L plate or if it\u2019s not the right size.\n\nYou should take L plates off your vehicle when it\u2019s not being used by a learner.\n\n## P plates\n\nYou can display green \u2018probationary\u2019 P plates to show that you\u2019ve just passed your driving test. You do not have to display them. You can leave them on your vehicle for as long as you like.\n\nIn Northern Ireland you must use \u2018R\u2019 plates (restricted driver plates) for one year after you pass your test.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-lessons-learning-to-drive", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My nephew is 22 years old and lives in UK. He has a manual driving license. He would like to offer driving lessons to my 19 years old son.", + "original_question": "Is this allowed?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1662", + "question": "Scenario: My neighbor was attacked and raped by two gangsters at night in her house.she later identified them and were jailed. She just received news that they are on parole and soon will be released. She is worried.\n\nQuestion: Can she ask someone else to make a victim personal statement to the parole board?\n\nDocument - Make a victim personal statement to the Parole Board:\n## Who can make a victim personal statement and when\n\nThe Parole Board decides if prisoners who are eligible for parole can be released. It also makes recommendations on whether it\u2019s safe for prisoners to be:\n\n- transferred to an open prison\n\n- given a temporary release under supervision (known as being \u2018on licence\u2019 or probation)\n\n## Victims\n\nYou can make a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019 to be presented at the Parole Board hearing if you\u2019re a victim of the prisoner.\n\nThis is sometimes known as an \u2018impact statement\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland, you need to make a written representation to the Parole Board for Scotland.\n\nYou can use your statement to explain how the crime has affected you - from the time it was committed until now.\n\nThis includes the effect the crime has had on you and your family:\n\n- physically\n\n- mentally\n\n- emotionally\n\n- financially\n\n## Relatives of victims\n\nYou can make a victim personal statement if you\u2019re a close relative of a victim who:\n\n- has died\n\n- is aged under 18\n\n- cannot make a statement themselves - for example, because of mental incapacity or illness\n\nClose relatives include spouses and partners, parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren, siblings and dependants. Other family members, guardians and carers of victims may also be allowed to make a statement.\n\nWhen more than one relative wants to make a statement, the Parole Board may ask for 1 or 2 statements to represent them all.\n\n## When to make your victim personal statement\n\nIf you choose to join the Victim Contact Scheme, your Victim Liaison Officer will tell you when a prisoner is being considered for parole.\n\nThey\u2019ll tell you when to write your victim personal statement. They\u2019ll also send it to the Parole Board for you at least 28 days before the hearing.\n\nIf you did not join the Victim Contact Scheme, you can contact your local probation office about:\n\n- giving a statement\n\n- joining the scheme if you want to be told when a prisoner is being considered for release or transfer\n\nThe Parole Board has more information about making a victim personal statement and joining the Victim Contact Scheme.\n\n## How a victim personal statement is used\n\nThe Parole Board panel makes a decision based on whether a prisoner is a risk to the public.\n\nThe panel can use your victim personal statement to help it:\n\n- understand the impact of the crime\n\n- decide what questions to ask the prisoner, to find out about their understanding of how their crimes have affected victims\n\n- decide what the prisoner can and cannot do (known as \u2018licence conditions\u2019) if they\u2019re released\n\nThe Parole Board will make its decision by:\n\n- privately reviewing a file of information and reports about the prisoner\n\n- holding a hearing, if the board needs more information\n\nYou can ask to attend the hearing to read out your statement if you want, or have it read out for you. The Parole Board decides if you can attend.\n\n## Write your victim personal statement\n\nYour victim personal statement is your opportunity to explain how a crime has affected you and your family - for example, physically, emotionally, financially or in any other way.\n\nYou can update the statement that you wrote for the prisoner\u2019s trial or write a new one.\n\nYour statement should take less than 10 minutes to read out.\n\nYou can usually choose how your statement is presented at an oral hearing.\n\nYou must always submit a written version of your statement.\n\n## What to include\n\nYou need to include how the:\n\n- crime affected you at the time\n\n- crime has affected you since it happened\n\n- prisoner\u2019s release or move to an open prison would affect you, your family, friends or community\n\nDo not include:\n\n- whether you think the prisoner should be released\n\n- long descriptions of the original crime\n\n- any threats or critical comments to or about the prisoner or the Parole Board\n\nTell your Victim Liaison Officer if you think you have other information that will help the Parole Board make a decision.\n\n## Young victims and children\n\nIf you do not want to or cannot make a written victim personal statement, you can tell your Victim Liaison Officer about how:\n\n- you and your family were hurt\n\n- the crime makes you feel now\n\n- you think you would feel if the prisoner was released\n\nYour Victim Liaison Officer will write this down and give it to the Parole Board.\n\nYour parent or guardian can also make a statement if they want to.\n\n## The prisoner\u2019s access to your victim personal statement\n\nPrisoners usually have full access to all victim personal statements presented at their hearing.\n\nSpeak to your Victim Liaison Officer if you do not want the prisoner to have access to your statement.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a good case that it will:\n\n- put you or your family at risk\n\n- have a negative effect on you in some other way\n\nStatements are only withheld from prisoners under exceptional circumstances.\n\n## Choose how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have a choice of how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing.\n\nYou can ask:\n\n- for the Parole Board panel to read your statement themselves\n\n- to attend the hearing and read out your statement in person\n\n- to attend the hearing and choose someone else to read out your statement\n\n- to choose someone to go the hearing instead of you and read out your statement\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) you cannot currently attend hearings in person. You will have to submit your statement remotely.\n\nAt some hearings you may be able to read out your statement via a live video link or make a recording for the panel.\n\nRequests by victims to attend hearings are usually granted, but it\u2019s not a legal right and you can be refused.\n\nYou can usually bring your Victim Liaison Officer or a family member or friend if you come to the hearing.\n\nPeople under 18 years of age usually cannot attend parole hearings in person and must choose one of the other options, such as getting someone else to read out your statement.\n\n## What happens at a parole hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to read out your victim personal statement (unless someone else is reading it for you).\n\nYou will not be able to add anything to your written statement at the hearing and will not usually be asked questions.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made your statement you\u2019ll be asked to leave and the hearing will continue.\n\nYour Victim Liaison Officer will tell you the outcome.\n\nRead the guide on getting parole for detailed information on what happens at a parole hearing.\n\n## Prisoners at parole hearings\n\nPrisoners are usually not present while their victims read their statements. The prisoner\u2019s legal representative is usually there.\n\nYou can ask that the prisoner is present while you read your statement, but they\u2019ll need to agree to this and the Parole Board has to allow it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-statement-to-the-parole-board", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My neighbor was attacked and raped by two gangsters at night in her house.she later identified them and were jailed. She just received news that they are on parole and soon will be released. She is worried.", + "original_question": "Can she ask someone else to make a victim personal statement to the parole board?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1663", + "question": "Scenario: My Uncle lost his wife through a armed robbery. The culprits were jailed and are now on parole. He made a victim personal statement on what happened.\n\nQuestion: Is he allowed to add more information during reading of his victim personal statement?\n\nDocument - Make a victim personal statement to the Parole Board:\n## Who can make a victim personal statement and when\n\nThe Parole Board decides if prisoners who are eligible for parole can be released. It also makes recommendations on whether it\u2019s safe for prisoners to be:\n\n- transferred to an open prison\n\n- given a temporary release under supervision (known as being \u2018on licence\u2019 or probation)\n\n## Victims\n\nYou can make a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019 to be presented at the Parole Board hearing if you\u2019re a victim of the prisoner.\n\nThis is sometimes known as an \u2018impact statement\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland, you need to make a written representation to the Parole Board for Scotland.\n\nYou can use your statement to explain how the crime has affected you - from the time it was committed until now.\n\nThis includes the effect the crime has had on you and your family:\n\n- physically\n\n- mentally\n\n- emotionally\n\n- financially\n\n## Relatives of victims\n\nYou can make a victim personal statement if you\u2019re a close relative of a victim who:\n\n- has died\n\n- is aged under 18\n\n- cannot make a statement themselves - for example, because of mental incapacity or illness\n\nClose relatives include spouses and partners, parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren, siblings and dependants. Other family members, guardians and carers of victims may also be allowed to make a statement.\n\nWhen more than one relative wants to make a statement, the Parole Board may ask for 1 or 2 statements to represent them all.\n\n## When to make your victim personal statement\n\nIf you choose to join the Victim Contact Scheme, your Victim Liaison Officer will tell you when a prisoner is being considered for parole.\n\nThey\u2019ll tell you when to write your victim personal statement. They\u2019ll also send it to the Parole Board for you at least 28 days before the hearing.\n\nIf you did not join the Victim Contact Scheme, you can contact your local probation office about:\n\n- giving a statement\n\n- joining the scheme if you want to be told when a prisoner is being considered for release or transfer\n\nThe Parole Board has more information about making a victim personal statement and joining the Victim Contact Scheme.\n\n## How a victim personal statement is used\n\nThe Parole Board panel makes a decision based on whether a prisoner is a risk to the public.\n\nThe panel can use your victim personal statement to help it:\n\n- understand the impact of the crime\n\n- decide what questions to ask the prisoner, to find out about their understanding of how their crimes have affected victims\n\n- decide what the prisoner can and cannot do (known as \u2018licence conditions\u2019) if they\u2019re released\n\nThe Parole Board will make its decision by:\n\n- privately reviewing a file of information and reports about the prisoner\n\n- holding a hearing, if the board needs more information\n\nYou can ask to attend the hearing to read out your statement if you want, or have it read out for you. The Parole Board decides if you can attend.\n\n## Write your victim personal statement\n\nYour victim personal statement is your opportunity to explain how a crime has affected you and your family - for example, physically, emotionally, financially or in any other way.\n\nYou can update the statement that you wrote for the prisoner\u2019s trial or write a new one.\n\nYour statement should take less than 10 minutes to read out.\n\nYou can usually choose how your statement is presented at an oral hearing.\n\nYou must always submit a written version of your statement.\n\n## What to include\n\nYou need to include how the:\n\n- crime affected you at the time\n\n- crime has affected you since it happened\n\n- prisoner\u2019s release or move to an open prison would affect you, your family, friends or community\n\nDo not include:\n\n- whether you think the prisoner should be released\n\n- long descriptions of the original crime\n\n- any threats or critical comments to or about the prisoner or the Parole Board\n\nTell your Victim Liaison Officer if you think you have other information that will help the Parole Board make a decision.\n\n## Young victims and children\n\nIf you do not want to or cannot make a written victim personal statement, you can tell your Victim Liaison Officer about how:\n\n- you and your family were hurt\n\n- the crime makes you feel now\n\n- you think you would feel if the prisoner was released\n\nYour Victim Liaison Officer will write this down and give it to the Parole Board.\n\nYour parent or guardian can also make a statement if they want to.\n\n## The prisoner\u2019s access to your victim personal statement\n\nPrisoners usually have full access to all victim personal statements presented at their hearing.\n\nSpeak to your Victim Liaison Officer if you do not want the prisoner to have access to your statement.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a good case that it will:\n\n- put you or your family at risk\n\n- have a negative effect on you in some other way\n\nStatements are only withheld from prisoners under exceptional circumstances.\n\n## Choose how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have a choice of how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing.\n\nYou can ask:\n\n- for the Parole Board panel to read your statement themselves\n\n- to attend the hearing and read out your statement in person\n\n- to attend the hearing and choose someone else to read out your statement\n\n- to choose someone to go the hearing instead of you and read out your statement\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) you cannot currently attend hearings in person. You will have to submit your statement remotely.\n\nAt some hearings you may be able to read out your statement via a live video link or make a recording for the panel.\n\nRequests by victims to attend hearings are usually granted, but it\u2019s not a legal right and you can be refused.\n\nYou can usually bring your Victim Liaison Officer or a family member or friend if you come to the hearing.\n\nPeople under 18 years of age usually cannot attend parole hearings in person and must choose one of the other options, such as getting someone else to read out your statement.\n\n## What happens at a parole hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to read out your victim personal statement (unless someone else is reading it for you).\n\nYou will not be able to add anything to your written statement at the hearing and will not usually be asked questions.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made your statement you\u2019ll be asked to leave and the hearing will continue.\n\nYour Victim Liaison Officer will tell you the outcome.\n\nRead the guide on getting parole for detailed information on what happens at a parole hearing.\n\n## Prisoners at parole hearings\n\nPrisoners are usually not present while their victims read their statements. The prisoner\u2019s legal representative is usually there.\n\nYou can ask that the prisoner is present while you read your statement, but they\u2019ll need to agree to this and the Parole Board has to allow it.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-statement-to-the-parole-board", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Uncle lost his wife through a armed robbery. The culprits were jailed and are now on parole. He made a victim personal statement on what happened.", + "original_question": "Is he allowed to add more information during reading of his victim personal statement?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1664", + "question": "Scenario: I inherited a piece of land from my late father and would like to change his name to mine so that I can sell it.\n\nQuestion: Can apply to the land chamber tribunal?\n\nDocument - Apply to the land registration tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou need to apply to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber (First-tier Tribunal) if you want to correct or cancel certain documents relating to registered land.\n\nYou may also be referred to the tribunal by HM Land Registry if you\u2019re in a dispute over a change to the land register (known as a \u2018reference case\u2019).\n\nIf you want to change the title register or title plan, contact HM Land Registry directly.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou may want to get help and advice before you appeal, for example from a lawyer.\n\n## Apply to the tribunal\n\nApply to the tribunal if you want to correct or cancel (sometimes known as \u2018set aside\u2019) certain documents relating to registered land. You can also object to someone else\u2019s application. These are known as \u2018rectification cases\u2019.\n\n## Apply to make a change to a document\n\nDownload and fill in the application form and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou must also include a statement saying that you believe that the facts stated in the application are true.\n\nThe tribunal will then send, or tell you to send, a copy of the application to all other interested parties.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told whether there\u2019ll be a hearing to decide your case.\n\n## Object to a change of a document\n\nDownload and fill in the objection form and send it to the address given in the form.\n\nYou must send the form within 28 days of getting your copy of an application to change the register.\n\nYour response must include your reasons for objecting to the application, giving all relevant facts and evidence\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include a list of and copies of all documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- the tribunal and all interested parties will need to understand the case\n\nYou\u2019ll be told by the tribunal if there\u2019ll be a hearing to decide your case.\n\n## Get help\n\nYou can get help with the appeal process and forms by contacting the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## Being referred to the tribunal\n\nYour case may be referred to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber if somebody disputes your application to HM Land Registry. This is known as a \u2018reference case\u2019.\n\nBoth parties will be sent a letter by the tribunal after your case has been referred by HM Land Registry.\n\nThe letter will explain whether you\u2019re the \u2018applicant\u2019 or the \u2018respondent\u2019. Generally, you\u2019ll be named as the applicant if the tribunal thinks you\u2019re the party that needs to prove its case.\n\n## Making a \u2018statement of case\u2019\n\n## Applicants\n\nYou have 28 days after getting the letter to send your \u2018statement of case\u2019 to the tribunal and the respondent. The letter will tell you where to send your statement.\n\nYour statement must include:\n\n- your name and address (and an address where documents can be sent to you)\n\n- the name and address of your legal representative (if you have one)\n\n- your reasons for supporting or objecting to the original application to HM Land Registry, giving all relevant facts and evidence\n\nYou need to include copies of documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- are needed to understand the case\n\nYou also need to include a list of the documents.\n\nAfter the other parties have responded to the tribunal, you\u2019ll be told if there\u2019s going to be a hearing.\n\n## Respondents\n\nYou have 28 days after getting the applicants \u2018statement of case\u2019 to send your own case to the tribunal and the applicant.\n\nYour statement must include your reasons for supporting or objecting to the original application to HM Land Registry, giving all relevant facts and evidence.\n\nYou need to include copies of all documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- are needed to understand the case\n\nYou also need to include a list of these documents.\n\nThe tribunal will then contact you to tell you if there\u2019s going to be a hearing.\n\n## Starting court proceedings\n\nYou or the other party can be ordered by the tribunal to start court proceedings at any time. This will happen if the tribunal cannot handle your case.\n\nYou can also contact the tribunal and ask them to make the other party start court proceedings, or voluntarily start proceedings yourself.\n\n## Get help\n\nYou can get help with the appeal process and forms by contacting the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou may have to attend a hearing where you (or your legal representative) and the other parties will present your cases to a judge.\n\nThe judge will decide:\n\n- which party wins the case\n\n- if any costs are payable by one party to another\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be told the outcome of the case within 42 days of the hearing.\n\n## Preparing for the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be told the time and date of the hearing and where its being held. You\u2019ll usually be told at least 14 days beforehand if there\u2019s going to be a hearing. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances or if all parties agree to a shorter notice period.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare and exchange evidence after all the parties have given their statements of case.\n\n## Decisions without hearings\n\nThe tribunal may make a decision without a hearing if all the people involved agree or if no one objects once given notice.\n\nThe people involved can also ask the tribunal to make a decision without a hearing.\n\n## Getting a time extension\n\nYou can ask for a time extension at any point in the proceedings.\n\nYou should ask all other parties involved to agree to an extension before applying to the tribunal.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper tribunal (Land Chamber) if you\u2019re not happy with the verdict. You must ask the First-tier Tribunal for permission first.\n\nYou can also ask the First-tier Tribunal to set aside their decision if you think there was a problem with the tribunal\u2019s procedure, for example you did not receive a notice of a hearing.\n\nRead guidance on how to challenge a decision for details.\n\nYou can complain about the tribunal staff or the service you received. You cannot complain about the decision.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nYou can read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases if you\u2019re representing yourself or someone else.\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on the Land Registration Act 2002.\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process in:\n\n- Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Property Chamber) Rules 2013\n\n- Practice Directions issued by the Senior President of Tribunals (30 July 2013) (PDF, 49KB)\n\n- Practice Statement issued by the Senior President of Tribunals (8 August 2017) (PDF, 0.1MB)\n\nYou can also search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-land-registration-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I inherited a piece of land from my late father and would like to change his name to mine so that I can sell it.", + "original_question": "Can apply to the land chamber tribunal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1665", + "question": "Scenario: I have lost a land case to my neighbor who acquired it through fraud. I didn't receive timely court proceedings and I am saddened by the decision.\n\nQuestion: Can i appeal the decision?\n\nDocument - Apply to the land registration tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou need to apply to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber (First-tier Tribunal) if you want to correct or cancel certain documents relating to registered land.\n\nYou may also be referred to the tribunal by HM Land Registry if you\u2019re in a dispute over a change to the land register (known as a \u2018reference case\u2019).\n\nIf you want to change the title register or title plan, contact HM Land Registry directly.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou may want to get help and advice before you appeal, for example from a lawyer.\n\n## Apply to the tribunal\n\nApply to the tribunal if you want to correct or cancel (sometimes known as \u2018set aside\u2019) certain documents relating to registered land. You can also object to someone else\u2019s application. These are known as \u2018rectification cases\u2019.\n\n## Apply to make a change to a document\n\nDownload and fill in the application form and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou must also include a statement saying that you believe that the facts stated in the application are true.\n\nThe tribunal will then send, or tell you to send, a copy of the application to all other interested parties.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told whether there\u2019ll be a hearing to decide your case.\n\n## Object to a change of a document\n\nDownload and fill in the objection form and send it to the address given in the form.\n\nYou must send the form within 28 days of getting your copy of an application to change the register.\n\nYour response must include your reasons for objecting to the application, giving all relevant facts and evidence\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include a list of and copies of all documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- the tribunal and all interested parties will need to understand the case\n\nYou\u2019ll be told by the tribunal if there\u2019ll be a hearing to decide your case.\n\n## Get help\n\nYou can get help with the appeal process and forms by contacting the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## Being referred to the tribunal\n\nYour case may be referred to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber if somebody disputes your application to HM Land Registry. This is known as a \u2018reference case\u2019.\n\nBoth parties will be sent a letter by the tribunal after your case has been referred by HM Land Registry.\n\nThe letter will explain whether you\u2019re the \u2018applicant\u2019 or the \u2018respondent\u2019. Generally, you\u2019ll be named as the applicant if the tribunal thinks you\u2019re the party that needs to prove its case.\n\n## Making a \u2018statement of case\u2019\n\n## Applicants\n\nYou have 28 days after getting the letter to send your \u2018statement of case\u2019 to the tribunal and the respondent. The letter will tell you where to send your statement.\n\nYour statement must include:\n\n- your name and address (and an address where documents can be sent to you)\n\n- the name and address of your legal representative (if you have one)\n\n- your reasons for supporting or objecting to the original application to HM Land Registry, giving all relevant facts and evidence\n\nYou need to include copies of documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- are needed to understand the case\n\nYou also need to include a list of the documents.\n\nAfter the other parties have responded to the tribunal, you\u2019ll be told if there\u2019s going to be a hearing.\n\n## Respondents\n\nYou have 28 days after getting the applicants \u2018statement of case\u2019 to send your own case to the tribunal and the applicant.\n\nYour statement must include your reasons for supporting or objecting to the original application to HM Land Registry, giving all relevant facts and evidence.\n\nYou need to include copies of all documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- are needed to understand the case\n\nYou also need to include a list of these documents.\n\nThe tribunal will then contact you to tell you if there\u2019s going to be a hearing.\n\n## Starting court proceedings\n\nYou or the other party can be ordered by the tribunal to start court proceedings at any time. This will happen if the tribunal cannot handle your case.\n\nYou can also contact the tribunal and ask them to make the other party start court proceedings, or voluntarily start proceedings yourself.\n\n## Get help\n\nYou can get help with the appeal process and forms by contacting the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou may have to attend a hearing where you (or your legal representative) and the other parties will present your cases to a judge.\n\nThe judge will decide:\n\n- which party wins the case\n\n- if any costs are payable by one party to another\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be told the outcome of the case within 42 days of the hearing.\n\n## Preparing for the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be told the time and date of the hearing and where its being held. You\u2019ll usually be told at least 14 days beforehand if there\u2019s going to be a hearing. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances or if all parties agree to a shorter notice period.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare and exchange evidence after all the parties have given their statements of case.\n\n## Decisions without hearings\n\nThe tribunal may make a decision without a hearing if all the people involved agree or if no one objects once given notice.\n\nThe people involved can also ask the tribunal to make a decision without a hearing.\n\n## Getting a time extension\n\nYou can ask for a time extension at any point in the proceedings.\n\nYou should ask all other parties involved to agree to an extension before applying to the tribunal.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper tribunal (Land Chamber) if you\u2019re not happy with the verdict. You must ask the First-tier Tribunal for permission first.\n\nYou can also ask the First-tier Tribunal to set aside their decision if you think there was a problem with the tribunal\u2019s procedure, for example you did not receive a notice of a hearing.\n\nRead guidance on how to challenge a decision for details.\n\nYou can complain about the tribunal staff or the service you received. You cannot complain about the decision.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nYou can read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases if you\u2019re representing yourself or someone else.\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on the Land Registration Act 2002.\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process in:\n\n- Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Property Chamber) Rules 2013\n\n- Practice Directions issued by the Senior President of Tribunals (30 July 2013) (PDF, 49KB)\n\n- Practice Statement issued by the Senior President of Tribunals (8 August 2017) (PDF, 0.1MB)\n\nYou can also search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-land-registration-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have lost a land case to my neighbor who acquired it through fraud. I didn't receive timely court proceedings and I am saddened by the decision.", + "original_question": "Can i appeal the decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1667", + "question": "Scenario: I am a man in my early 20\u2019s and I have struggled with my relationship with alcohol I only recently got my drivers licence so I dont want to lose it.\n\nQuestion: Can I take the course to get myself back on track again?\n\nDocument - Drink-drive rehabilitation courses:\n## When you can take a course\n\nYou can be offered a rehabilitation course to reduce your driving ban if:\n\n- you\u2019re found guilty of a drink-drive offence\n\n- your ban is for 12 months or more\n\nYou have to pay to take the course. It can cost up to \u00a3250.\n\n## Reducing the length of your ban\n\nYour ban will be reduced if you complete the course within a certain time. The ban is usually reduced by a quarter.\n\n## Deciding to take a course\n\nYou have to decide in court if you want to take a course or not. You cannot change your mind later.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process for taking a drink-drive course in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Choose a course\n\nBefore you go to court, find a drink-drive course that you want to take if you\u2019re found guilty and offered a course.\n\nThe court will send your details to the course provider. They\u2019ll then send you details of:\n\n- the available course dates\n\n- when you must complete your course by\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for completing the course by the deadline.\n\n## Changing courses\n\nYou can change to another course with a different provider at any point before you book. It\u2019s free to change your course.\n\nAsk the provider of the course you\u2019d originally chosen to arrange this.\n\n## How the course works\n\nThe course aims to stop you from drink-driving again. They:\n\n- are face-to-face\n\n- take place over 16 hours (usually run on 3 days spread over 3 weeks)\n\n- will have other drink-drive offenders at them\n\nThe course syllabus tells you more about what\u2019s covered during the course.\n\n## After the course\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018certificate of course completion\u2019 from the course provider when you complete the course. They\u2019ll also send a copy to the court that sentenced you.\n\nThe court will tell DVLA so that your driving ban is reduced.\n\nYour driving ban will not be reduced if you do not complete the course or do not pay for your course.\n\n## If you\u2019re a \u2018high risk offender\u2019\n\nYou need to reapply for a driving licence and take a medical if you\u2019re classified as a \u2018high risk offender\u2019. Check with your course provider if you\u2019re not sure if you are.\n\n## Complain about a course\n\nComplain to the course provider if you\u2019re not happy with the course.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency if you cannot sort out the problem with the course provider.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drink-drive-course", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a man in my early 20\u2019s and I have struggled with my relationship with alcohol I only recently got my drivers licence so I dont want to lose it.", + "original_question": "Can I take the course to get myself back on track again?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1669", + "question": "Scenario: My friend asked me to drive his car back to London because he had been drinking. We were involved in an accident, and I found out my friend has no insurance.\n\nQuestion: Will I be punished even though I am not the registered keeper?\n\nDocument - Vehicle insurance:\n## Overview\n\nYou must have motor insurance to drive your vehicle on UK roads.\n\nThird party insurance is the legal minimum. This means you\u2019re covered if you have an accident causing damage or injury to any other person, vehicle, animal or property. It does not cover any other costs like repair to your own vehicle.\n\nYou may want to use an insurance broker.\n\n## If you\u2019re in an accident\n\nIf you have an accident causing damage or injury you must give the following to anyone with \u2018reasonable grounds for requiring them\u2019, for example an insurance company:\n\n- your name and address\n\n- the vehicle registration number\n\nYou also need to give the owner\u2019s name and address if the vehicle is not yours.\n\nYou must report the accident to the police within 24 hours if you do not give your details at the time of the accident.\n\nYou must also report the accident to your insurance company, even if you\u2019re not planning to make a claim.\n\n## Accidents with uninsured motorists\n\nYou should tell the police if you have an accident with someone who\u2019s not insured.\n\nYour insurance company will also be able to give you more advice.\n\nYou might also be able to get compensation if you\u2019re the victim of an uninsured or hit and run driver.\n\n## Driving abroad\n\n## If you\u2019re driving in most European countries\n\nAll UK vehicle insurance provides the minimum third party cover to drive in:\n\n- the EU (including Ireland)\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Iceland\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Norway\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Switzerland\n\nCheck with your insurer if your policy has extra cover for things like theft or damage to your car abroad.\n\nYou also need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 to drive your vehicle in these countries.\n\n## If you\u2019re driving in the rest of the world\n\nYou may need to carry a green card to prove you have the minimum insurance cover required by the country you\u2019re driving in.\n\nYou may also need additional insurance for your vehicle, trailer or caravan. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re going to.\n\n## Getting a green card from your insurer\n\nA green card is proof that you have vehicle insurance when driving abroad.\n\nContact your insurer to get one for your vehicle. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- post you a green card - allow up to 6 weeks\n\n- tell you how to download a green card to print yourself\n\nYou will need to carry extra green cards if:\n\n- you\u2019re towing a trailer or caravan (one for the towing vehicle and one for the trailer or caravan)\n\n- you have 2 insurance policies covering your trip (one card for each policy)\n\n- you have multi-car or fleet insurance (one for each vehicle on the policy)\n\n## Showing your green card when driving abroad\n\nYou must show your green card if you\u2019re involved in an accident.\n\nYou may have to show your green card:\n\n- at the border when moving between countries\n\n- if you\u2019re stopped by the police\n\n## Uninsured vehicles\n\n## Rules in England, Wales and Scotland\n\nYou must have motor insurance for your vehicle if you use it on roads and in public places.\n\nYou do not need to insure your vehicle if it is kept off the road and declared as off the road (SORN). This rule is called \u2018continuous insurance enforcement\u2019.\n\nIf not, you could:\n\n- get a fixed penalty of \u00a3100\n\n- have your vehicle wheel-clamped, impounded or destroyed\n\n- face a court prosecution, with a possible maximum fine of \u00a31,000\n\nIt does not matter who is driving the car - if you\u2019re the registered keeper, you could get penalised.\n\nYou will also still have to pay for your insurance on top of any fines received.\n\nYou can check if your vehicle is insured on askMID.\n\n## Motor traders - exceptions\n\nIf a vehicle is between registered keepers or registered as \u2018in trade\u2019 with the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), it is excluded from continuous insurance enforcement.\n\nVehicles you keep for your own use are not excluded.\n\n## Rules in Northern Ireland\n\nThere are different rules for vehicle insurance in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Driving without insurance\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to drive a vehicle on a road or in a public place without at least 3rd party insurance.\n\nEven if the vehicle itself is insured, if you\u2019re not correctly insured to drive it you could get penalised.\n\n## Penalties for uninsured drivers:\n\nThe police could give you a fixed penalty of \u00a3300 and 6 penalty points if you\u2019re caught driving a vehicle you\u2019re not insured to drive.\n\nIf the case goes to court you could get:\n\n- an unlimited fine\n\n- disqualified from driving\n\nThe police also have the power to seize, and in some cases, destroy the vehicle that\u2019s being driven uninsured.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend asked me to drive his car back to London because he had been drinking. We were involved in an accident, and I found out my friend has no insurance.", + "original_question": "Will I be punished even though I am not the registered keeper?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1670", + "question": "Scenario: I live in Britain, and I have comprehensive insurance for my own car. I need to do some driving abroad when I go to Japan for business reasons.\n\nQuestion: Will my insurance be sufficient to cover my drive in Japan?\n\nDocument - Vehicle insurance:\n## Overview\n\nYou must have motor insurance to drive your vehicle on UK roads.\n\nThird party insurance is the legal minimum. This means you\u2019re covered if you have an accident causing damage or injury to any other person, vehicle, animal or property. It does not cover any other costs like repair to your own vehicle.\n\nYou may want to use an insurance broker.\n\n## If you\u2019re in an accident\n\nIf you have an accident causing damage or injury you must give the following to anyone with \u2018reasonable grounds for requiring them\u2019, for example an insurance company:\n\n- your name and address\n\n- the vehicle registration number\n\nYou also need to give the owner\u2019s name and address if the vehicle is not yours.\n\nYou must report the accident to the police within 24 hours if you do not give your details at the time of the accident.\n\nYou must also report the accident to your insurance company, even if you\u2019re not planning to make a claim.\n\n## Accidents with uninsured motorists\n\nYou should tell the police if you have an accident with someone who\u2019s not insured.\n\nYour insurance company will also be able to give you more advice.\n\nYou might also be able to get compensation if you\u2019re the victim of an uninsured or hit and run driver.\n\n## Driving abroad\n\n## If you\u2019re driving in most European countries\n\nAll UK vehicle insurance provides the minimum third party cover to drive in:\n\n- the EU (including Ireland)\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Iceland\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Norway\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Switzerland\n\nCheck with your insurer if your policy has extra cover for things like theft or damage to your car abroad.\n\nYou also need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 to drive your vehicle in these countries.\n\n## If you\u2019re driving in the rest of the world\n\nYou may need to carry a green card to prove you have the minimum insurance cover required by the country you\u2019re driving in.\n\nYou may also need additional insurance for your vehicle, trailer or caravan. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re going to.\n\n## Getting a green card from your insurer\n\nA green card is proof that you have vehicle insurance when driving abroad.\n\nContact your insurer to get one for your vehicle. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- post you a green card - allow up to 6 weeks\n\n- tell you how to download a green card to print yourself\n\nYou will need to carry extra green cards if:\n\n- you\u2019re towing a trailer or caravan (one for the towing vehicle and one for the trailer or caravan)\n\n- you have 2 insurance policies covering your trip (one card for each policy)\n\n- you have multi-car or fleet insurance (one for each vehicle on the policy)\n\n## Showing your green card when driving abroad\n\nYou must show your green card if you\u2019re involved in an accident.\n\nYou may have to show your green card:\n\n- at the border when moving between countries\n\n- if you\u2019re stopped by the police\n\n## Uninsured vehicles\n\n## Rules in England, Wales and Scotland\n\nYou must have motor insurance for your vehicle if you use it on roads and in public places.\n\nYou do not need to insure your vehicle if it is kept off the road and declared as off the road (SORN). This rule is called \u2018continuous insurance enforcement\u2019.\n\nIf not, you could:\n\n- get a fixed penalty of \u00a3100\n\n- have your vehicle wheel-clamped, impounded or destroyed\n\n- face a court prosecution, with a possible maximum fine of \u00a31,000\n\nIt does not matter who is driving the car - if you\u2019re the registered keeper, you could get penalised.\n\nYou will also still have to pay for your insurance on top of any fines received.\n\nYou can check if your vehicle is insured on askMID.\n\n## Motor traders - exceptions\n\nIf a vehicle is between registered keepers or registered as \u2018in trade\u2019 with the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), it is excluded from continuous insurance enforcement.\n\nVehicles you keep for your own use are not excluded.\n\n## Rules in Northern Ireland\n\nThere are different rules for vehicle insurance in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Driving without insurance\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to drive a vehicle on a road or in a public place without at least 3rd party insurance.\n\nEven if the vehicle itself is insured, if you\u2019re not correctly insured to drive it you could get penalised.\n\n## Penalties for uninsured drivers:\n\nThe police could give you a fixed penalty of \u00a3300 and 6 penalty points if you\u2019re caught driving a vehicle you\u2019re not insured to drive.\n\nIf the case goes to court you could get:\n\n- an unlimited fine\n\n- disqualified from driving\n\nThe police also have the power to seize, and in some cases, destroy the vehicle that\u2019s being driven uninsured.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in Britain, and I have comprehensive insurance for my own car. I need to do some driving abroad when I go to Japan for business reasons.", + "original_question": "Will my insurance be sufficient to cover my drive in Japan?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1671", + "question": "Scenario: I am an elderly man and I have a mobility scooter although I don\u2019t know if I am able to register it or not, I also have bad vision and will need help with viewing the computer when registering.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to register my mobility scooter?\n\nDocument - Mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs: the rules:\n## Overview\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, but you may have to register it. Only certain types can be driven on the road. The law calls these types of vehicles \u2018invalid carriages\u2019.\n\nMobility scooters and powered wheelchairs come in 2 categories:\n\n- \u2018class 2 invalid carriages\u2019 - these cannot be used on the road (except where there is not a pavement) and have a maximum speed of 4mph\n\n- \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019 - these can be used on the road, and have a maximum speed of 4mph off the road, and 8mph on the road\n\nYou do not need to register a class 2 invalid carriage.\n\nYou must register class 3 invalid carriages.\n\nYou must be 14 or over to drive a class 3 invalid carriage.\n\n## Rules for class 3 invalid carriages\n\nThe law calls mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs that can be used on the road \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019. They must have the following features:\n\n- a maximum unladen weight of 150kg\n\n- a maximum width of 0.85 metres\n\n- a device to limit its speed to 4mph\n\n- a maximum speed of 8mph\n\n- an efficient braking system\n\n- front and rear lights and reflectors\n\n- direction indicators able to operate as a hazard warning signal\n\n- an audible horn\n\n- a rear view mirror\n\n- an amber flashing light if it\u2019s used on a dual carriageway\n\nYou could be stopped by the police if your class 3 invalid carriage does not have these features.\n\n## Driving on the road\n\nYou can only drive on the road in a class 3 invalid carriage. The maximum speed is 8mph.\n\nYou cannot drive on bus lanes, \u2018cycle only\u2019 lanes or motorways. Avoid using dual carriageways with a speed limit of over 50mph.\n\nYou must use an amber flashing light for visibility if you use a class 3 invalid carriage on a dual carriageway.\n\n## Road rules\n\nYou must follow the Highway Code if you drive your mobility scooter on the road.\n\n## Driving on footpaths and parking\n\nAll mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs can legally travel at a maximum of 4mph on footpaths or in pedestrian areas.\n\nYou cannot drive any type of mobility scooter or powered wheelchair on cycle paths marked \u2018cycle only\u2019.\n\n## Parking\n\nAll normal parking restrictions apply to mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs.\n\nYour vehicle should not be left on a footpath or pedestrian area on its own if it gets in the way of other pedestrians, including wheelchair users and people with prams or pushchairs.\n\n## Eyesight requirements\n\nThere is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).\n\nYou must check that you can still do this regularly.\n\nYou might have to pay compensation if you have an accident and poor eyesight was part of the cause.\n\n## Who can use them\n\nYou can only drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if you:\n\n- have trouble walking because of an injury, physical disability or medical condition\n\n- are demonstrating the vehicle before it\u2019s sold\n\n- are training a disabled user\n\n- are taking the vehicle to or from maintenance or repair\n\n## Vehicle tax, registration and insurance\n\nYou do not have to pay vehicle tax for any mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if it\u2019s registered as a \u2018class 3 invalid carriage\u2019.\n\nCheck whether a vehicle is registered as an \u2018invalid carriage\u2019 by asking the seller when you buy it.\n\n## Change the owner\u2019s details when you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair\n\nWhen you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, the seller will make you the \u2018registered keeper\u2019. This means the vehicle will be in your name. You\u2019ll get a new vehicle log book (V5C) in the post within 4 weeks of the sale.\n\nIf you do not get a new vehicle log book 4 weeks after the sale, fill in an \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019 (V62) and send it to DVLA.\n\n## Change your name or address\n\nIf you need to change your name or address, fill in section 6 of your vehicle log book and send it to DVLA.\n\n## If your mobility scooter or powered wheelchair is not a registered vehicle\n\nMost scooters and wheelchairs will already be registered by the dealer or manufacturer before you buy them.\n\nIf your vehicle is not registered, register it by filling in:\n\n- form V55/4 for new vehicles\n\n- form V55/5 for used vehicles\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou do not need insurance for a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, although it\u2019s recommended.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an elderly man and I have a mobility scooter although I don\u2019t know if I am able to register it or not, I also have bad vision and will need help with viewing the computer when registering.", + "original_question": "Do I need to register my mobility scooter?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1672", + "question": "Scenario: I need a mobility scooter for daily use however I have very bad vision and can not see very well, will this effect my ability to get a scooter to use. I can always get an updated vision test if needed.\n\nQuestion: Can I still use my mobility scooter daily if I have problems with my vision?\n\nDocument - Mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs: the rules:\n## Overview\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, but you may have to register it. Only certain types can be driven on the road. The law calls these types of vehicles \u2018invalid carriages\u2019.\n\nMobility scooters and powered wheelchairs come in 2 categories:\n\n- \u2018class 2 invalid carriages\u2019 - these cannot be used on the road (except where there is not a pavement) and have a maximum speed of 4mph\n\n- \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019 - these can be used on the road, and have a maximum speed of 4mph off the road, and 8mph on the road\n\nYou do not need to register a class 2 invalid carriage.\n\nYou must register class 3 invalid carriages.\n\nYou must be 14 or over to drive a class 3 invalid carriage.\n\n## Rules for class 3 invalid carriages\n\nThe law calls mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs that can be used on the road \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019. They must have the following features:\n\n- a maximum unladen weight of 150kg\n\n- a maximum width of 0.85 metres\n\n- a device to limit its speed to 4mph\n\n- a maximum speed of 8mph\n\n- an efficient braking system\n\n- front and rear lights and reflectors\n\n- direction indicators able to operate as a hazard warning signal\n\n- an audible horn\n\n- a rear view mirror\n\n- an amber flashing light if it\u2019s used on a dual carriageway\n\nYou could be stopped by the police if your class 3 invalid carriage does not have these features.\n\n## Driving on the road\n\nYou can only drive on the road in a class 3 invalid carriage. The maximum speed is 8mph.\n\nYou cannot drive on bus lanes, \u2018cycle only\u2019 lanes or motorways. Avoid using dual carriageways with a speed limit of over 50mph.\n\nYou must use an amber flashing light for visibility if you use a class 3 invalid carriage on a dual carriageway.\n\n## Road rules\n\nYou must follow the Highway Code if you drive your mobility scooter on the road.\n\n## Driving on footpaths and parking\n\nAll mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs can legally travel at a maximum of 4mph on footpaths or in pedestrian areas.\n\nYou cannot drive any type of mobility scooter or powered wheelchair on cycle paths marked \u2018cycle only\u2019.\n\n## Parking\n\nAll normal parking restrictions apply to mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs.\n\nYour vehicle should not be left on a footpath or pedestrian area on its own if it gets in the way of other pedestrians, including wheelchair users and people with prams or pushchairs.\n\n## Eyesight requirements\n\nThere is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).\n\nYou must check that you can still do this regularly.\n\nYou might have to pay compensation if you have an accident and poor eyesight was part of the cause.\n\n## Who can use them\n\nYou can only drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if you:\n\n- have trouble walking because of an injury, physical disability or medical condition\n\n- are demonstrating the vehicle before it\u2019s sold\n\n- are training a disabled user\n\n- are taking the vehicle to or from maintenance or repair\n\n## Vehicle tax, registration and insurance\n\nYou do not have to pay vehicle tax for any mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if it\u2019s registered as a \u2018class 3 invalid carriage\u2019.\n\nCheck whether a vehicle is registered as an \u2018invalid carriage\u2019 by asking the seller when you buy it.\n\n## Change the owner\u2019s details when you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair\n\nWhen you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, the seller will make you the \u2018registered keeper\u2019. This means the vehicle will be in your name. You\u2019ll get a new vehicle log book (V5C) in the post within 4 weeks of the sale.\n\nIf you do not get a new vehicle log book 4 weeks after the sale, fill in an \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019 (V62) and send it to DVLA.\n\n## Change your name or address\n\nIf you need to change your name or address, fill in section 6 of your vehicle log book and send it to DVLA.\n\n## If your mobility scooter or powered wheelchair is not a registered vehicle\n\nMost scooters and wheelchairs will already be registered by the dealer or manufacturer before you buy them.\n\nIf your vehicle is not registered, register it by filling in:\n\n- form V55/4 for new vehicles\n\n- form V55/5 for used vehicles\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou do not need insurance for a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, although it\u2019s recommended.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I need a mobility scooter for daily use however I have very bad vision and can not see very well, will this effect my ability to get a scooter to use. I can always get an updated vision test if needed.", + "original_question": "Can I still use my mobility scooter daily if I have problems with my vision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1673", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Martin has served 10 years in prison and is now paroled. He is set to be released from prison.\n\nQuestion: Can he be given time to start looking for work?\n\nDocument - Leaving prison:\n## When someone can leave prison\n\nWhen a prisoner is released depends on:\n\n- the length of their sentence\n\n- their behaviour in prison\n\n- any time spent on remand (waiting for their trial)\n\n## If the prisoner has a fixed term (determinate) sentence\n\nA prisoner serving a determinate sentence is normally released automatically halfway through their sentence.\n\nIf their sentence is 12 months or more, they\u2019ll be released on probation.\n\nA Parole Board is not involved.\n\n## When a Parole Board reviews a case\n\nPrisoners can apply for parole if they have an extended sentence, or a fixed-term sentence for:\n\n- 4 years or more\n\n- a serious violent or sexual crime committed before 4 April 2005\n\n## If the prisoner has a non fixed term (indeterminate) or life sentence\n\nThe government will apply for parole on the prisoner\u2019s behalf.\n\n## Temporary release from prison\n\nA prisoner may be allowed to leave prison for short periods towards the end of their sentence - whatever its type or length.\n\nHowever, the prison will not release someone if it thinks they\u2019re a risk to the public or may commit more crime.\n\n## Resettlement day release\n\nA resettlement day release lets a prisoner out during the day - for example to go on a training course to help them find work once they\u2019re released.\n\n## Resettlement overnight release\n\nA resettlement overnight release lets a prisoner spend the night at the place they\u2019ll live at after they\u2019re released.\n\n## Childcare resettlement licence\n\nA childcare resettlement licence lets a prisoner spend time with their child. They can only apply for this if they\u2019ll be the sole carer of a child when they finish their prison sentence.\n\n## Before someone leaves prison\n\nAll prisoners get help preparing for life when they leave prison. In the last 12 weeks of their sentence, they\u2019re given advice and support on:\n\n- finding somewhere to live\n\n- getting a job\n\n- looking after money\n\nPrisoners get additional support if they:\n\n- have abused substances (such as drugs or alcohol)\n\n- are sex workers\n\n- are the victim of domestic violence\n\nMost prisoners spend the last few months of their sentence in a prison near where they plan to live.\n\n## Support when someone leaves prison\n\nA person leaving prison may get the following financial support:\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- help from your local council\n\n- Scottish Welfare Fund in Scotland\n\n- Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales\n\nPrisons may also work with organisations in their local area, such as charities, to help prisoners prepare for their release. You can find out about these organisations in the prison information pages.\n\n## Useful websites\n\nThere are organisations that can provide support for people leaving prison, including:\n\n- Nacro (previously National Association for the Care and Resettlement of Offenders)\n\n- Prison Reform Trust\n\n- The Hardman Directory\n\n- Shelter\n\n- Unlock", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leaving-prison", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Martin has served 10 years in prison and is now paroled. He is set to be released from prison.", + "original_question": "Can he be given time to start looking for work?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1674", + "question": "Scenario: My Uncle is leaving prison after being paroled. He has no house or source of income. I am afraid he will go i to depression.\n\nQuestion: Is he entittled for financial support?\n\nDocument - Leaving prison:\n## When someone can leave prison\n\nWhen a prisoner is released depends on:\n\n- the length of their sentence\n\n- their behaviour in prison\n\n- any time spent on remand (waiting for their trial)\n\n## If the prisoner has a fixed term (determinate) sentence\n\nA prisoner serving a determinate sentence is normally released automatically halfway through their sentence.\n\nIf their sentence is 12 months or more, they\u2019ll be released on probation.\n\nA Parole Board is not involved.\n\n## When a Parole Board reviews a case\n\nPrisoners can apply for parole if they have an extended sentence, or a fixed-term sentence for:\n\n- 4 years or more\n\n- a serious violent or sexual crime committed before 4 April 2005\n\n## If the prisoner has a non fixed term (indeterminate) or life sentence\n\nThe government will apply for parole on the prisoner\u2019s behalf.\n\n## Temporary release from prison\n\nA prisoner may be allowed to leave prison for short periods towards the end of their sentence - whatever its type or length.\n\nHowever, the prison will not release someone if it thinks they\u2019re a risk to the public or may commit more crime.\n\n## Resettlement day release\n\nA resettlement day release lets a prisoner out during the day - for example to go on a training course to help them find work once they\u2019re released.\n\n## Resettlement overnight release\n\nA resettlement overnight release lets a prisoner spend the night at the place they\u2019ll live at after they\u2019re released.\n\n## Childcare resettlement licence\n\nA childcare resettlement licence lets a prisoner spend time with their child. They can only apply for this if they\u2019ll be the sole carer of a child when they finish their prison sentence.\n\n## Before someone leaves prison\n\nAll prisoners get help preparing for life when they leave prison. In the last 12 weeks of their sentence, they\u2019re given advice and support on:\n\n- finding somewhere to live\n\n- getting a job\n\n- looking after money\n\nPrisoners get additional support if they:\n\n- have abused substances (such as drugs or alcohol)\n\n- are sex workers\n\n- are the victim of domestic violence\n\nMost prisoners spend the last few months of their sentence in a prison near where they plan to live.\n\n## Support when someone leaves prison\n\nA person leaving prison may get the following financial support:\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- help from your local council\n\n- Scottish Welfare Fund in Scotland\n\n- Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales\n\nPrisons may also work with organisations in their local area, such as charities, to help prisoners prepare for their release. You can find out about these organisations in the prison information pages.\n\n## Useful websites\n\nThere are organisations that can provide support for people leaving prison, including:\n\n- Nacro (previously National Association for the Care and Resettlement of Offenders)\n\n- Prison Reform Trust\n\n- The Hardman Directory\n\n- Shelter\n\n- Unlock", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leaving-prison", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Uncle is leaving prison after being paroled. He has no house or source of income. I am afraid he will go i to depression.", + "original_question": "Is he entittled for financial support?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1678", + "question": "Scenario: I am 27 years old and have been told I can use a mobility scooter due to my heart problem. I also have bad eyesight, but this has not been mentioned by anyone as being an issue.\n\nQuestion: Are there any issues with having poor eyesight?\n\nDocument - Mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs: the rules:\n## Overview\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, but you may have to register it. Only certain types can be driven on the road. The law calls these types of vehicles \u2018invalid carriages\u2019.\n\nMobility scooters and powered wheelchairs come in 2 categories:\n\n- \u2018class 2 invalid carriages\u2019 - these cannot be used on the road (except where there is not a pavement) and have a maximum speed of 4mph\n\n- \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019 - these can be used on the road, and have a maximum speed of 4mph off the road, and 8mph on the road\n\nYou do not need to register a class 2 invalid carriage.\n\nYou must register class 3 invalid carriages.\n\nYou must be 14 or over to drive a class 3 invalid carriage.\n\n## Rules for class 3 invalid carriages\n\nThe law calls mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs that can be used on the road \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019. They must have the following features:\n\n- a maximum unladen weight of 150kg\n\n- a maximum width of 0.85 metres\n\n- a device to limit its speed to 4mph\n\n- a maximum speed of 8mph\n\n- an efficient braking system\n\n- front and rear lights and reflectors\n\n- direction indicators able to operate as a hazard warning signal\n\n- an audible horn\n\n- a rear view mirror\n\n- an amber flashing light if it\u2019s used on a dual carriageway\n\nYou could be stopped by the police if your class 3 invalid carriage does not have these features.\n\n## Driving on the road\n\nYou can only drive on the road in a class 3 invalid carriage. The maximum speed is 8mph.\n\nYou cannot drive on bus lanes, \u2018cycle only\u2019 lanes or motorways. Avoid using dual carriageways with a speed limit of over 50mph.\n\nYou must use an amber flashing light for visibility if you use a class 3 invalid carriage on a dual carriageway.\n\n## Road rules\n\nYou must follow the Highway Code if you drive your mobility scooter on the road.\n\n## Driving on footpaths and parking\n\nAll mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs can legally travel at a maximum of 4mph on footpaths or in pedestrian areas.\n\nYou cannot drive any type of mobility scooter or powered wheelchair on cycle paths marked \u2018cycle only\u2019.\n\n## Parking\n\nAll normal parking restrictions apply to mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs.\n\nYour vehicle should not be left on a footpath or pedestrian area on its own if it gets in the way of other pedestrians, including wheelchair users and people with prams or pushchairs.\n\n## Eyesight requirements\n\nThere is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).\n\nYou must check that you can still do this regularly.\n\nYou might have to pay compensation if you have an accident and poor eyesight was part of the cause.\n\n## Who can use them\n\nYou can only drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if you:\n\n- have trouble walking because of an injury, physical disability or medical condition\n\n- are demonstrating the vehicle before it\u2019s sold\n\n- are training a disabled user\n\n- are taking the vehicle to or from maintenance or repair\n\n## Vehicle tax, registration and insurance\n\nYou do not have to pay vehicle tax for any mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if it\u2019s registered as a \u2018class 3 invalid carriage\u2019.\n\nCheck whether a vehicle is registered as an \u2018invalid carriage\u2019 by asking the seller when you buy it.\n\n## Change the owner\u2019s details when you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair\n\nWhen you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, the seller will make you the \u2018registered keeper\u2019. This means the vehicle will be in your name. You\u2019ll get a new vehicle log book (V5C) in the post within 4 weeks of the sale.\n\nIf you do not get a new vehicle log book 4 weeks after the sale, fill in an \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019 (V62) and send it to DVLA.\n\n## Change your name or address\n\nIf you need to change your name or address, fill in section 6 of your vehicle log book and send it to DVLA.\n\n## If your mobility scooter or powered wheelchair is not a registered vehicle\n\nMost scooters and wheelchairs will already be registered by the dealer or manufacturer before you buy them.\n\nIf your vehicle is not registered, register it by filling in:\n\n- form V55/4 for new vehicles\n\n- form V55/5 for used vehicles\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou do not need insurance for a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, although it\u2019s recommended.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 27 years old and have been told I can use a mobility scooter due to my heart problem. I also have bad eyesight, but this has not been mentioned by anyone as being an issue.", + "original_question": "Are there any issues with having poor eyesight?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1681", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 26 years old disabled person who cannot walk. There is no ramp at my workplace for my wheelchair and i need to struggle up steps to get into the building.\n\nQuestion: Does my employer have to provide me with safe access to my workplace?\n\nDocument - Disability rights:\n## Overview\n\nAs a disabled person, you have rights to protect you from discrimination. These rights cover most areas including:\n\n- employment\n\n- education\n\n- dealing with the police\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 and the United Nations (UN) Convention on disability rights help to enforce, protect and promote your rights.\n\n## Employment\n\nIt\u2019s against the law for employers to discriminate against you because of a disability. The Equality Act 2010 protects you and covers areas including:\n\n- application forms\n\n- interview arrangements\n\n- aptitude or proficiency tests\n\n- job offers\n\n- terms of employment, including pay\n\n- promotion, transfer and training opportunities\n\n- dismissal or redundancy\n\n- discipline and grievances\n\n## Reasonable adjustments in the workplace\n\nAn employer has to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to avoid you being put at a disadvantage compared to non-disabled people in the workplace. For example, adjusting your working hours or providing you with a special piece of equipment to help you do the job.\n\n## Recruitment\n\nAn employer who\u2019s recruiting staff may make limited enquiries about your health or disability.\n\nYou can only be asked about your health or disability:\n\n- to help decide if you can carry out a task that is an essential part of the work\n\n- to help find out if you can take part in an interview\n\n- to help decide if the interviewers need to make reasonable adjustments for you in a selection process\n\n- to help monitoring\n\n- if they want to increase the number of disabled people they employ\n\n- if they need to know for the purposes of national security checks\n\nYou may be asked whether you have a health condition or disability on an application form or in an interview. You need to think about whether the question is one that is allowed to be asked at that stage of recruitment.\n\n## Redundancy and retirement\n\nYou can\u2019t be chosen for redundancy just because you\u2019re disabled. The selection process for redundancy must be fair and balanced for all employees.\n\nYour employer cannot force you to retire if you become disabled.\n\n## Education\n\nIt\u2019s against the law for a school or other education provider to treat disabled students unfavourably. This includes:\n\n- direct discrimination, for example refusing admission to a student or excluding them because of disability\n\n- indirect discrimination, for example only providing application forms in one format that may not be accessible\n\n- discrimination arising from a disability, for example a disabled pupil is prevented from going outside at break time because it takes too long to get there\n\n- harassment, for example a teacher shouts at a disabled student for not paying attention when the student\u2019s disability stops them from easily concentrating\n\n- victimisation, for example suspending a disabled student because they\u2019ve complained about harassment\n\n## Reasonable adjustments\n\nAn education provider has a duty to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to make sure disabled students are not discriminated against. These changes could include providing extra support and aids (like specialist teachers or equipment).\n\nSchools are not subject to the reasonable adjustment duty to make alterations to physical features, like adding ramps. They must make the buildings accessible for their disabled pupils as part of their overall planning duties.\n\n## Special educational needs and disabilities (SEND)\n\nAll publicly funded pre-schools, nurseries, state schools and local authorities must try to identify and help assess children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND).\n\nIf a child has an an education, health and care (EHC) plan or a statement of special educational needs, these must be reviewed annually. From year 9 the child will get a full review to understand what support they will need to prepare them for adulthood.\n\n## Higher education\n\nAll universities and higher education colleges should have a person in charge of disability issues that you can talk to about the support they offer.\n\nYou can also ask local social services for an assessment to help with your day-to-day living needs.\n\n## Police\n\nIf you\u2019re being questioned or interviewed at a police station you have certain rights depending on your impairment.\n\n## Deaf, hearing-impaired or speech difficulties\n\nThe police should arrange for an interpreter to be present with you. The police can interview you without an interpreter if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.\n\n## Learning disabilities\n\nThe police should only interview someone who has a learning disability when a responsible person (referred to as an \u2018appropriate adult\u2019) is present. The appropriate adult should not work for the police and should have experience of people with learning disabilities. The police can interview you without an appropriate adult if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.\n\n## Right to medical treatment\n\nIf you\u2019re being kept in a police cell, you have the right to a medical examination by a healthcare worker. A healthcare worker may be a paramedic, nurse or a police surgeon (sometimes referred to as a \u2018Forensic Medical Examiner\u2019).\n\nIf you do not want to be examined by the healthcare worker provided, you could be examined by a general practitioner (GP) that you choose - if they\u2019re available. You may have to pay for this, and this payment will be noted down.\n\n## The Equality Act 2010 and UN Convention\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 protects you from discrimination. It provides legal rights for you in the areas of:\n\n- employment\n\n- education\n\n- access to goods, services and facilities\n\n- buying and renting land or property\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 also protects your rights if you have an association with a disabled person, for example a carer or parent.\n\nGet more information about the Equality Act 2010.\n\n## United Nations (UN) Convention on disability rights\n\nThe UN Convention on disability rights has been agreed by the UK to protect and promote the rights of disabled people.\n\nGet more information about the UN Convention on disability rights from the Office for Disability Issues.\n\n## Further help and advice\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs if you think you\u2019ve been discriminated against. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou can get advice and information on your rights from:\n\n- Equality Advisory Support Service\n\n- Disability Rights UK\n\n- Advicenow\n\n- Citizens Advice", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rights-disabled-person", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 26 years old disabled person who cannot walk. There is no ramp at my workplace for my wheelchair and i need to struggle up steps to get into the building.", + "original_question": "Does my employer have to provide me with safe access to my workplace?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1683", + "question": "Scenario: I am 18 years old, and want to start learning to drive. My father, who is 40 years old, has said that he is willing to teach me to drive.\n\nQuestion: Is my father allowed to teach me or do I need to use an instructor?\n\nDocument - Driving lessons and learning to drive:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a provisional driving licence when you\u2019re 15 years and 9 months old.\n\nYou can start driving a car when you\u2019re 17.\n\nYou can drive a car when you are 16 if you get, or have applied for, the enhanced rate of the mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP).\n\nCheck which vehicles you can learn to drive.\n\n## Learning to drive during coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can take driving lessons anywhere in the UK.\n\nYou and any passengers should wear a face covering, unless you\u2019re exempt.\n\nIn Scotland, you can be fined if you do not wear a face covering during a driving lesson.\n\nCheck the rules for practising with friends and family.\n\n## If you\u2019re learning to drive in Scotland\n\nYou and the person teaching you to drive must wear face coverings during driving lessons and practice sessions in Scotland.\n\nIf you do not wear a face covering, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\n- you and the person teaching you live in the same household\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou can be fined \u00a360 if you do not wear a face covering during a driving lesson in Scotland. This will be reduced to \u00a330 if you pay within 28 days.\n\n## Rules for learning to drive\n\nYou must have a provisional driving licence for Great Britain or Northern Ireland when you\u2019re learning to drive or ride.\n\nYou must be supervised when you\u2019re learning to drive a car. This can be by a driving instructor or someone else who meets the rules, for example family or friends.\n\nThe car you learn in must display \u2018L\u2019 plates.\n\nYou can drive at any time, day and night.\n\nYou can only drive on motorways if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re driving in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- you\u2019re with an approved driving instructor\n\n- the car is fitted with dual controls\n\n## Speed limits\n\nIn England, Scotland and Wales the speed limits when driving with \u2018L\u2019 plates are the same as when you\u2019ve passed your test.\n\nIn Northern Ireland the speed limit is 45 miles per hour when you\u2019re learning to drive a car.\n\n## Taking driving lessons\n\nAnyone you pay to teach you to drive must be either:\n\n- a qualified and approved driving instructor (ADI)\n\n- a trainee driving instructor\n\nYou can find your nearest driving instructors.\n\nThere are different rules in Northern Ireland for choosing an instructor.\n\nInstructors set their own prices for driving lessons - there\u2019s no minimum or maximum cost.\n\n## Check your instructor\u2019s badge\n\nInstructors have to display a badge in their windscreen to prove they\u2019re registered with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). They display:\n\n- a green badge if they\u2019re a qualified driving instructor\n\n- a pink badge if they\u2019re a trainee\n\nYou can report someone to DVSA if they charge for driving lessons and are not a qualified driving instructor or trainee.\n\n## Driving lessons\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have or hours you must practise driving.\n\nHow many lessons you need will depend on how quickly you learn. You can download a form to record your progress with your instructor.\n\nYou can complain about a driving instructor if you\u2019re not happy with their service or behaviour.\n\n## Practising with family or friends\n\nIn England, you can practice driving with family or friends, but this is restricted to groups of no more than 6 people, or 2 households. Follow the rules for car sharing in the coronavirus (COVID-19) travel guidance.\n\nIn Scotland, there are different rules depending on which area level you are in, but you are legally required to wear a face covering unless you are exempt. Read the guidance on driving lessons in Scotland.\n\nIn Wales, you can practice driving with people you live with or those within your support bubble. You do not need to stay in your local council area.\n\nAnyone you practise your driving with (without paying them) must:\n\n- be over 21\n\n- be qualified to drive the type of vehicle you want to learn in, for example they must have a manual car licence if they\u2019re supervising you in a manual car\n\n- have had their full driving licence for 3 years (from the UK, the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein)\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get up to 6 penalty points on your provisional licence if you drive without the right supervision.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal for your friend or family member to use a mobile phone while supervising you.\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou need your own insurance as a learner driver if you\u2019re practising in a car you own. Your family member or friend will usually be covered on this.\n\nIf you\u2019re practising in someone else\u2019s car, you need to make sure their insurance policy covers you as a learner driver.\n\nSome insurance companies require the person supervising you to be over 25 years old.\n\nYou can get an unlimited fine, be banned from driving and get up to 8 penalty points for driving without insurance.\n\n## Recording your practice\n\nYou can download a form to record any practice you do without your driving instructor.\n\n## Using 'L' and 'P' plates\n\nYou must put an L plate on the front and back of your vehicle so they can be seen easily.\n\nIn Wales, you can use a D plate instead.\n\nAn L plate or D plate must:\n\n- have a red L or D on a white background\n\n- be the right size\n\nYou can get up to 6 penalty points if you do not display an L plate or if it\u2019s not the right size.\n\nYou should take L plates off your vehicle when it\u2019s not being used by a learner.\n\n## P plates\n\nYou can display green \u2018probationary\u2019 P plates to show that you\u2019ve just passed your driving test. You do not have to display them. You can leave them on your vehicle for as long as you like.\n\nIn Northern Ireland you must use \u2018R\u2019 plates (restricted driver plates) for one year after you pass your test.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-lessons-learning-to-drive", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 18 years old, and want to start learning to drive. My father, who is 40 years old, has said that he is willing to teach me to drive.", + "original_question": "Is my father allowed to teach me or do I need to use an instructor?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1686", + "question": "Scenario: My sister passed her driving test in July 2019 . Last week she was pulled over because she was driving while using her mobile phone.\n\nQuestion: Can she get banned from driving?\n\nDocument - Being stopped by the police while driving:\n## Overview\n\nThe police can stop a vehicle for any reason. If they ask you to stop, you should always pull over when it\u2019s safe to do so. You\u2019re breaking the law if you do not stop.\n\nIf you\u2019re stopped, the police can ask to see your:\n\n- driving licence\n\n- insurance certificate\n\n- MOT certificate\n\nIf you do not have these documents with you, you have 7 days to take them to a police station. You\u2019re breaking the law if you do not show the requested documents within 7 days.\n\nThe police can also give you an on-the-spot fixed penalty notice for many minor offences and make you take a breath test in certain circumstances.\n\nYou can also have your vehicle seized if you\u2019re stopped on suspicion of driving without insurance and for some other offences.\n\n## Breath tests\n\nThe police can stop you at any time and ask you to take a breath test (\u2018breathalyse\u2019 you) if:\n\n- they think you\u2019ve been drinking\n\n- you\u2019ve committed a traffic offence\n\n- you\u2019ve been involved in a road traffic accident\n\nIf you refuse to take a breath test, or fail to supply a sample of breath and do not have a \u2018reasonable excuse\u2019, you can be arrested. A reasonable excuse could be a genuine physical or mental condition stopping you from giving a sample.\n\nThe breath test gives a result straight away. If it shows you\u2019re not over the drink drive limit, you may be allowed to go.\n\nIf you fail the breath test, you\u2019ll be taken to a police station and given a final breath test. If it\u2019s positive, you will be charged.\n\nIf the officer thinks you\u2019re under the influence of alcohol or drugs, they can ask you to:\n\n- take a drug test\n\n- do a physical test (a \u2018field impairment test\u2019), for example walk in a straight line then turn around and walk back\n\nYou can be arrested if you fail the test.\n\nIf you fail a breath test you cannot drive your car until you\u2019re sober. You can ask someone else to collect your car for you.\n\n## Minor motoring offences\n\nThe police can give you a \u2018fixed penalty notice\u2019 for less serious traffic offences, including for:\n\n- careless or inconsiderate driving\n\n- using a mobile phone while driving\n\n- not wearing a seat belt\n\n- driving too close to another vehicle\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3200 and get penalty points on your licence if you get a fixed penalty notice - you may be disqualified from driving if you build up 12 points within 3 years.\n\nThe police can also decide to:\n\n- take no action\n\n- issue a warning\n\n- offer driver training\n\n- charge you with an offence\n\nYou can choose not to pay the fixed penalty if you believe that it was given unjustly, but you\u2019ll have to argue your case in court.\n\n## Faults with your vehicle\n\nIf your vehicle has something wrong with it, for example a broken brake light, the police may give you a \u2018vehicle defect rectification notice\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get your vehicle fixed and provide proof that it\u2019s been fixed, for example a receipt for the work from a mechanic. You have 14 days from the date of the notice to show the proof to the police.\n\n## When the police can seize your vehicle\n\nThe police can seize a vehicle if they think it\u2019s being used in a way that causes alarm, harassment or distress, for example careless or inconsiderate driving.\n\nThey can also seize a vehicle if they think it\u2019s:\n\n- being driven by someone who does not have a proper licence or insurance\n\n- dangerously, illegally or obstructively parked\n\n- broken-down or abandoned\n\nIf your vehicle is seized there\u2019s a \u2018release fee\u2019 of up to \u00a3200 plus a storage fee of \u00a320 for every day or part day.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stopped-by-police-while-driving-your-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My sister passed her driving test in July 2019 . Last week she was pulled over because she was driving while using her mobile phone.", + "original_question": "Can she get banned from driving?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1689", + "question": "Scenario: My car failed its MOT based on the side mirror being cracked. I have had this repaired at the mechanics. I am going to have the car retested, a day after the original MOT test. My mechanic wants me to pay for the retest.\n\nQuestion: Do you need to pay for an MOT retest?\n\nDocument - Getting an MOT:\n## When to get an MOT\n\nThe MOT test checks that your vehicle meets road safety and environmental standards.\n\nYou must get an MOT for your vehicle by either:\n\n- the third anniversary of its registration\n\n- the anniversary of its last MOT, if it\u2019s over 3 years old\n\nSome vehicles need to be tested at one year old - check the MOT fees table to see which.\n\nFind out how to check your MOT expiry date.\n\nThere are different rules and processes in Northern Ireland for MOTs for vehicles registered in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19): getting an MOT\n\nYou need to get an MOT for your vehicle as usual.\n\nDo not take your vehicle to an MOT centre in person if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has coronavirus\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## If you cannot take your vehicle in person\n\nSome MOT centres will collect your vehicle for the MOT and then return it. Contact an MOT centre to see if this service is available.\n\nYou can also get someone else to take your vehicle into a test centre if you insure them on your vehicle.\n\nIf you cannot get your vehicle collected or taken in for you, you must wait until you\u2019re no longer self-isolating to take it into a test centre.\n\n## If the MOT has run out\n\n- If your tax is due to run out, register your vehicle as \u2018off the road\u2019 - you cannot renew your vehicle tax if your MOT has expired.\n\n- Book an MOT test.\n\n- Tax your vehicle once it has passed its MOT.\n\nYou cannot drive or park your vehicle on the road if the MOT has run out. You can be prosecuted if caught.\n\nThe only exceptions are to drive it:\n\n- to or from somewhere to be repaired\n\n- to a pre-arranged MOT test\n\n## Earliest date you can get an MOT\n\nAn MOT lasts for a year. The date it runs out is printed on your current MOT pass certificate.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving a vehicle without a valid MOT.\n\nYou can get an MOT up to a month (minus a day) before it runs out and keep the same renewal date.\n\nYou can get an MOT earlier, but the renewal date for the following year will change to one year (minus a day) from the date the vehicle last passed its MOT.\n\n## Booking an MOT\n\nYou must use an approved MOT test centre to get your MOT.\n\nOnly centres showing the blue sign with 3 white triangles can carry out your MOT.\n\n## How you can book\n\nContact an MOT centre to book an MOT.\n\nThere are maximum fees that the MOT centre can charge.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process to book an MOT in Northern Ireland.\n\n## MOT costs\n\nThere\u2019s a maximum amount MOT test stations can charge. This depends on the type of vehicle.\n\nThe maximum fee for a car is \u00a354.85 and \u00a329.65 for a standard motorcycle.\n\nYou do not pay VAT on the fee.\n\n| | Vehicle class | Age first MOT needed (years) | Maximum MOT fee |\n\n| Motorcycle (engine size up to 200cc) | 1 | 3 | \u00a329.65 |\n\n| Motorcycle with sidecar (engine size up to 200cc) | 1 | 3 | \u00a337.80 |\n\n| Motorcycle (engine size over 200cc) | 2 | 3 | \u00a329.65 |\n\n| Motorcycle with sidecar (engine size over 200cc) | 2 | 3 | \u00a337.80 |\n\n| 3-wheeled vehicles (up to 450kg unladen weight) | 3 | 3 | \u00a337.80 |\n\n| 3-wheeled vehicles (over 450kg unladen weight) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Cars (up to 8 passenger seats) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Motor caravans | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Quads (max unladen weight 400kg - for goods vehicles 550kg and max net power of 15kw) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Dual purpose vehicles | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Private hire and public service vehicles (up to 8 seats) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Ambulances and taxis | 4 | 1 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (9 to 12 passenger seats) | 4 | 1 | \u00a357.30 |\n\n| Goods vehicles (up to 3,000kg design gross weight) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Class 4 vehicles (9 to 12 passenger seats) with a seat belt installation check | 4a | n/a | \u00a364 |\n\n| Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (13 to 16 passenger seats) | 5 | 1 | \u00a359.55 |\n\n| Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (more than 16 passenger seats) | 5 | 1 | \u00a380.65 |\n\n| Playbuses | 5 | 1 | \u00a380.65 |\n\n| Class 5 vehicles (13 to 16 passenger seats) with a seatbelt installation check | 5a | n/a | \u00a380.50 |\n\n| Class 5 vehicles (more than 16 passenger seats) with a seatbelt installation check | 5a | n/a | \u00a3124.50 |\n\n| Goods vehicles (over 3,000kg up to 3,500kg design gross weight) | 7 | 3 | \u00a358.60 |\n\n## How the MOT test works\n\nDuring the MOT, important parts on your vehicle will be checked to make sure they meet the legal standards.\n\nYou can watch the test from a viewing area but you\u2019re not allowed to interrupt the tester.\n\n## Parts that are tested\n\nYou can read more about what\u2019s tested for cars and motorcycles.\n\nThe test does not cover the condition of the engine, clutch or gearbox.\n\nThe MOT guide and inspection manuals tell you everything that\u2019s tested.\n\n## MOT test result\n\nYour vehicle can either pass or fail the MOT.\n\n## Passing the MOT\n\nIf your vehicle passes the MOT:\n\n- you\u2019ll get an MOT certificate from the test centre\n\n- it will be recorded in the MOT database\n\nYou might also get a list of \u2018minor\u2019 or \u2018advisory\u2019 problems to monitor or fix in the future.\n\n## Failing the MOT\n\nYour vehicle will fail if the test result lists \u2018dangerous\u2019 or \u2018major\u2019 problems with your vehicle. You might not be allowed to drive until you fix the problems.\n\nYou might also get a list of \u2018minor\u2019 or \u2018advisory\u2019 problems to monitor or fix in the future.\n\nIf your vehicle fails the MOT:\n\n- you\u2019ll get a \u2018refusal of an MOT test certificate\u2019 from the test centre\n\n- it will be recorded in the MOT database\n\nYou can appeal the result if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## Driving a vehicle that\u2019s failed\n\nYou can take your vehicle away if:\n\n- your current MOT certificate is still valid\n\n- no \u2018dangerous\u2019 problems were listed in the MOT\n\nOtherwise, you\u2019ll need to get it repaired before you can drive.\n\nIf you can take your vehicle away, it must still meet the minimum standards of roadworthiness at all times.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for driving a vehicle that has failed its MOT because of a \u2018dangerous\u2019 problem.\n\n## Retest after a repair\n\nIn some cases your vehicle can have a partial retest for free or a reduced MOT fee.\n\n## Leaving your vehicle for repair\n\nYou only need a partial retest if you leave the vehicle at the test centre for repair and it\u2019s retested within 10 working days. There\u2019s no fee for this.\n\n## Taking your vehicle away for repairs\n\nYou can take your vehicle away if your MOT certificate is still valid.\n\nIf your MOT has run out you can take your vehicle to:\n\n- have the failed defects fixed\n\n- a pre-arranged MOT test appointment\n\nIn both cases, your vehicle still needs to meet the minimum standards of roadworthiness at all times or you can be fined.\n\n## Taking it back for a retest the next working day\n\nYou will not have to pay again if you take it back to the same test centre before the end of the next working day for a partial retest on one or more of these items:\n\n- access panels\n\n- battery\n\n- bonnet\n\n- bootlid\n\n- brake pedal antislip\n\n- break glass hammer (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- doors (including hinges, catches and pillars)\n\n- door open warning device (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- dropsides\n\n- electrical wiring\n\n- emergency exits and signs (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- entrance door remote control (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- entrance/exit steps (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- fuel filler cap\n\n- headlamp cleaning or levelling devices (that does not need a headlamp aim check)\n\n- horn\n\n- lamps (excluding headlamp aim)\n\n- loading door\n\n- main beam \u2018tell-tale\u2019\n\n- mirrors\n\n- rear reflectors\n\n- registration plates\n\n- seatbelts (but not anchorages), seatbelt load limiter and seatbelt pre-tensioner\n\n- seats\n\n- sharp edges or projections\n\n- stairs (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- steering wheel\n\n- tailboard\n\n- tailgate\n\n- trailer electrical sockets\n\n- towbars (excluding body around anchorage points)\n\n- tyre pressure monitoring system\n\n- vehicle identification number (VIN)\n\n- windscreen glass, wipers and washers\n\n- wheels and tyres (excluding motorcycles and motorcycles with sidecar)\n\n## Taking it back for a retest within 10 working days\n\nYou\u2019ll only need a partial retest if you take the vehicle from the test centre for repairs and take it back within 10 working days. You can be charged a partial retest fee for this.\n\nIn all other cases, you\u2019ll need to get a full retest and pay the full MOT test fee again.\n\n## Test result appeals and problems\n\nYou can appeal an MOT test failure or complain to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you think your vehicle should not have passed.\n\nYou can take your own action against an MOT test centre through Trading Standards, personal legal proceedings or reporting the centre to the police. DVSA cannot help you take action against a centre.\n\n## Appeal if your vehicle failed an MOT\n\nYou need to discuss your test results with the test centre before anyone starts repairs.\n\nYou can appeal against the failure if you think it\u2019s wrong. Fill in the complaint form and send it to DVSA within 14 working days of the test.\n\nDVSA will contact you within 5 days to discuss your appeal.\n\nIf DVSA decides to recheck your vehicle, you\u2019ll need to arrange a date and pay the full test fee again. They\u2019ll send you an inspection report listing any vehicle defects.\n\nYou should not have any repairs made until the appeal process has finished.\n\n## If you think your car has passed when it should not have\n\nYou\u2019ll need to complain to DVSA if you do not think your car should have passed its MOT. Fill in the complaint form and send it to DVSA within the time limits below.\n\nDVSA will contact you within 5 days to discuss your complaint.\n\nIf DVSA decides to recheck your vehicle, you\u2019ll need to arrange a date. You will not need to pay the test fee again. They\u2019ll send you an inspection report listing any vehicle defects.\n\n## Time limits\n\nIf your vehicle passed, you need to complain within:\n\n- within 3 months of the MOT if it\u2019s a corrosion-related problem\n\n- within 28 days has passed for other defects\n\n## If you think your MOT certificate is not genuine\n\nYou can check that your MOT certificate is genuine by checking its MOT status.\n\n## If you\u2019re unhappy with your MOT service\n\nContact DVSA if you\u2019re not happy with your MOT service.\n\n## Vehicles that do not need an MOT\n\nYou do not need to get an MOT for a vehicle until it reaches the age shown in the MOT fees table.\n\n## Exempt vehicles\n\nOther vehicles that do not need an MOT include:\n\n- goods vehicles powered by electricity and registered before 1 March 2015\n\n- tractors\n\n- some historic (\u2018classic\u2019) vehicles\n\nA list of exempt types of vehicles is on the MOT exemption form (V112). You need to fill in the form if your vehicle is listed so that you can either tax it or apply for tax exemption.\n\n## Lorries, buses and trailers\n\nYou must get an annual test for lorries, buses and trailers instead of an MOT. It\u2019s sometimes called the \u2018annual vehicle test\u2019.\n\n## Fix mistakes on your MOT certificate\n\nYou can get information corrected on your MOT certificate (such as the mileage or vehicle details) if it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## Get the wrong mileage corrected\n\nThe way you get the mileage corrected depends on when your MOT was.\n\n## Your MOT was less than 28 days ago\n\nAsk the MOT centre to check the mileage. They\u2019ll give you a replacement certificate if the mileage is wrong.\n\n## Your MOT was more than 28 days ago\n\nReport the mistake to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get it corrected.\n\nYou also need to email proof of the mileage, such as a scan or photo of:\n\n- an invoice for the MOT\n\n- an emissions printout\n\n- a service receipt\n\n- a vehicle job card from the MOT centre\n\nThey need to show what the mileage should be, and show the same date as the MOT test.\n\nIf your scan or photo includes personal information, for example your payment details, you should blank it out or remove it.\n\nIf you do not send the right evidence, DVSA will not fix the mistakes.\n\nOnce DVSA has updated the mileage, you can check your vehicle\u2019s MOT history and download or print a corrected MOT certificate.\n\n## Get vehicle details or the MOT centre corrected\n\nContact DVSA if your MOT certificate has the wrong:\n\n- vehicle make or model\n\n- vehicle colour\n\n- country where the vehicle was registered\n\n- MOT test centre\n\n## Add or remove test records\n\nIf there\u2019s an MOT test missing from your vehicle\u2019s MOT history, or a test that does not belong there, email or call DVSA to have it corrected.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give your:\n\n- name\n\n- telephone number\n\n- vehicle number plate\n\n- vehicle make and model\n\n- date of the MOT\n\n- MOT test number (if you know it)\n\n- MOT test centre name and address", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-an-mot", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My car failed its MOT based on the side mirror being cracked. I have had this repaired at the mechanics. I am going to have the car retested, a day after the original MOT test. My mechanic wants me to pay for the retest.", + "original_question": "Do you need to pay for an MOT retest?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1690", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 30 year old woman who doesn\u2019t work and I have recently escaped an abusive relationship although my ex partner keeps trying to contact me and is harrasing me so I would like to try and get a restraining order.\n\nQuestion: Can I get legal aid as I do not work and am being threatened by my ex?\n\nDocument - Legal aid:\n## Overview\n\nLegal aid can help meet the costs of legal advice, family mediation and representation in a court or tribunal.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show that:\n\n- your case is eligible for legal aid\n\n- the problem is serious\n\n- you cannot afford to pay for legal costs\n\nYou could for example get legal aid if:\n\n- you or your family are at risk of abuse or serious harm, for example domestic violence or forced marriage\n\n- you\u2019re at risk of homelessness or losing your home\n\n- you\u2019ve been accused of a crime, face prison or detention\n\n- you\u2019re being discriminated against\n\n- you need family mediation\n\n- you\u2019re adding legal arguments or bringing a case under the Human Rights Act\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show that you cannot afford to pay for this help. You may have to pay some money towards the legal costs of your case or pay costs back later.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to get help with civil cases. Your legal adviser will usually apply for legal aid on your behalf.\n\nLegal aid rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you can get\n\nYou could get help with the costs of legal advice or getting someone to speak or negotiate for you.\n\nYou may have to pay some money towards the legal costs of your case.\n\nIf your problem is covered by legal aid and you qualify you could get:\n\n- advice on your rights and options\n\n- help with negotiations and paperwork\n\n- help if you\u2019re accused of a crime, for example advice at a police station\n\n- a solicitor or barrister to get your case ready and speak on your behalf in court and some tribunals\n\n## What you can get legal aid for\n\nYou might be able to get legal aid for problems like:\n\n- homelessness or losing your home, or if it\u2019s in serious disrepair\n\n- protecting yourself or your child from abuse or harassment, for example domestic violence or forced marriage\n\n- poor quality care you or a family member are getting due to age, disability or special educational needs\n\n- needing advice on finances, children or divorce if you\u2019ve been in an abusive relationship\n\n- a child in your family being at risk of being taken into care\n\n- family mediation, for example if you\u2019re separating or getting a divorce\n\n- discrimination\n\n- challenging the way the government has made a decision about you\n\n- seeking asylum or if you\u2019ve been the victim of human trafficking\n\n- being arrested, charged or questioned by the police\n\n- needing representation at a mental health tribunal or inquest\n\n- appealing a decision made by the social security tribunal about your benefits to the Upper Tribunal, Court of Appeal or Supreme Court\n\n## Exceptional case funding\n\nYou may be able to get legal aid in other exceptional cases, if you can show that being refused legal aid would infringe:\n\n- your rights under the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR)\n\n- your EU rights to legal representation\n\nGet advice from a legal adviser about whether you\u2019re eligible and how to apply.\n\nYou can also apply directly to the Exceptional Case Funding team at the Legal Aid Agency.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify for legal aid will depend on:\n\n- the type of case\n\n- your financial circumstances\n\n## Civil (non-criminal) cases\n\nCivil cases include things like debt, family or housing problems. To get legal aid, you usually need to show you cannot afford to pay for legal costs and your problem is serious.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to give details and evidence of your income, benefits, savings and property, and those of your partner. If you\u2019re under 18, you may need to give information about your parents\u2019 or guardians\u2019 income.\n\nYour financial situation is not taken into account for cases about:\n\n- mental health tribunals\n\n- children in care\n\n- child abduction\n\nYou may also have to provide evidence about your problem, for example in a divorce case by providing a court order or GP letter showing that you or your child have been a victim of abuse.\n\nCheck if you qualify for legal aid to get help with civil cases.\n\n## Paying the costs of your case\n\nLegal aid might not cover all the costs of your case. You may have to:\n\n- pay some of the costs upfront\n\n- pay back some of the cost if you win money or property from your case\n\nRead about paying for legal aid.\n\nThe Legal Aid Agency (LAA) will make a charge or claim \u2013 known as the \u2018statutory charge\u2019 \u2013 on any money or property you win. If this is your home, payment can be deferred and the debt placed as a charge on your home (similar to a mortgage).\n\nYour legal adviser will explain how this works.\n\nContact the LAA\u2019s Secured Debt Team to discuss how to pay.\n\nIf legal aid is withdrawn, you may have to repay the full legal costs.\n\n## Criminal cases\n\nYou have the right to free legal advice if you\u2019re questioned at a police station.\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically get legal aid for legal representation in court if you\u2019re under 16 (or under 18 and in full-time education) or on certain benefits.\n\n## Alternatives to legal aid\n\nIf you cannot get legal aid, you may be able to get free advice from:\n\n- the Law Centres Network\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- AdviceNow\n\nYou can also pay for advice from a local legal adviser or solicitor.\n\n## How to claim\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid in England or Wales.\n\nSearch for a legal aid solicitor if you\u2019re in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\nYour legal adviser or family mediator will apply for legal aid on your behalf. If you qualify, the government will pay their costs directly.\n\n## Getting legal aid in an emergency\n\nYou can get emergency help if you need urgent representation in court, for example to keep you and your children safe from domestic abuse.\n\nYour legal adviser will apply for Emergency Legal Representation to cover any immediate action. You still need to apply for legal aid in the normal way for any ongoing work.\n\n## Criminal cases\n\nA police custody officer will help you get legal aid if you\u2019ve been arrested and held at a police station. You\u2019ll be offered free advice:\n\n- by telephone (if the offence is less serious)\n\n- from the police station\u2019s duty solicitor\n\n- from your own legal adviser\n\n## If you\u2019re charged or go to court\n\nA solicitor will check if you qualify for legal aid if you\u2019re charged with a crime or have to go to court. You can then:\n\n- get advice from the same organisation that helped you at the police station\n\n- ask to speak to the court duty solicitor\n\n- find your own criminal legal aid solicitor\n\n## What you need to bring to your legal adviser\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give information about the following for both yourself and your partner:\n\n- benefits - including benefits statements\n\n- income, savings and spending - including pay slips and bank statements\n\n- National Insurance numbers\n\nYou\u2019ll also need copies of evidence relating to your case, eg:\n\n- court documents\n\n- marriage and birth certificates (for family cases)\n\n- relevant letters\n\nTell your legal adviser if any of your financial circumstances change.\n\n## Domestic abuse or violence\n\nYou might be able to get legal aid if you have evidence that you or your children have been victims of domestic abuse or violence and you cannot afford to pay legal costs.\n\nYou do not have to get evidence before talking to a legal aid solicitor or Civil Legal Advice (CLA), but they\u2019ll need to see it before deciding whether you can get legal aid.\n\n## What counts as domestic abuse for legal aid\n\nYou or your children must have been victims of either:\n\n- domestic abuse or violence\n\n- financial control, for example being stopped from accessing a joint bank account\n\n## What counts as evidence\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show that you or your children were at risk of harm from an ex-partner.\n\nYou can ask for evidence from:\n\n- the courts\n\n- the police\n\n- a multi-agency risk assessment conference (MARAC)\n\n- social services\n\n- a health professional, for example a doctor, nurse, midwife, psychologist or health visitor\n\n- a refuge manager\n\n- a domestic violence support service\n\n- your bank, for example credit card accounts, loan documents and statements\n\n- your employer, or education or training provider\n\n- the provider of any benefits you\u2019ve received\n\n## How to get evidence\n\nYou can download and print a sample letter to send to the police, courts, or medical and social services.\n\nThis helps you get the proof you need, depending on whether:\n\n- you\u2019ve been a victim\n\n- your children have been victims\n\nGive the letter to the person you\u2019re asking to provide evidence. They\u2019ll be able to fill in the details for you.\n\nYou might have to pay a fee for this.\n\n## When you have the evidence\n\nShow the evidence to your legal aid solicitor or CLA adviser.\n\n## Legal problems abroad\n\nYou can apply for legal aid in:\n\n- Albania\n\n- Austria\n\n- Azerbaijan\n\n- Belgium\n\n- Bosnia and Herzegovina\n\n- Bulgaria\n\n- Cyprus\n\n- Czech Republic\n\n- Denmark\n\n- Estonia\n\n- Finland\n\n- France\n\n- Georgia\n\n- Greece\n\n- Ireland\n\n- Italy\n\n- Latvia\n\n- Lithuania\n\n- Luxembourg\n\n- Montenegro\n\n- Netherlands\n\n- North Macedonia\n\n- Norway\n\n- Poland\n\n- Portugal\n\n- Romania\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Spain\n\n- Sweden\n\n- Switzerland\n\n- Turkey\n\n- Ukraine\n\nYou can get help with your application from a publicly funded solicitor, including getting documents translated.\n\nContact the embassy or consulate of that country or the Legal Aid Agency to find out how to apply.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/legal-aid", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 30 year old woman who doesn\u2019t work and I have recently escaped an abusive relationship although my ex partner keeps trying to contact me and is harrasing me so I would like to try and get a restraining order.", + "original_question": "Can I get legal aid as I do not work and am being threatened by my ex?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1694", + "question": "Scenario: My cousin has a severe mental illness and will not be able to represent themselves in court as they lack capacity. This is a family case and focuses on my cousins divorce. I am worried about my cousin.\n\nQuestion: Can I be appointed a litigation friend to make decisions about the court case for my cousin?\n\nDocument - Litigation friends:\n## Overview\n\nYou can be appointed as litigation friend to make decisions about a court case for either:\n\n- an adult who lacks the mental capacity to manage their own court case either with or without a solicitor\n\n- a child\n\nThe court case can be any of the following:\n\n- a civil case, except a tribunal\n\n- a family case\n\n- a Court of Protection case\n\nYou\u2019ll have to go to court if there\u2019s a hearing, but you cannot act as the other person\u2019s lawyer.\n\nAn adult with a litigation friend is called the \u2018protected party\u2019 in court.\n\n## How you\u2019re appointed\n\nYou can either:\n\n- apply to be someone\u2019s litigation friend\n\n- be appointed by the court if someone involved in a case asks them to appoint a litigation friend for one of the other people involved\n\nThe court will check if you\u2019re suitable. It can appoint you as soon as the case has started or at any time during the case.\n\nWhen there\u2019s no one suitable, willing and able to be a litigation friend, the court may ask the Official Solicitor to step in.\n\n## When your appointment ends\n\nIf you\u2019re the litigation friend for a child who turns 18 or an adult who recovers capacity during the case, you may need to apply to stop being a litigation friend.\n\nYou may be replaced by the court if you do not carry out your duties properly.\n\n## Duties\n\nYou must \u2018direct the proceedings\u2019 on behalf of the other person if you\u2019re their litigation friend. This means you\u2019ll:\n\n- make decisions in their best interests\n\n- do everything you can to tell them what\u2019s happening in the case and find out their wishes and feelings\n\n- talk to their solicitor about what\u2019s happening, get advice from them and give instructions to them in the other person\u2019s best interests\n\n- pay any costs ordered by the court\n\n## Civil cases: settlement hearings\n\nIf the person\u2019s going to be paid money to settle the case, there\u2019ll be a hearing to approve the settlement.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to fill in and bring:\n\n- form CFO 320 if they\u2019re a child - also bring the child\u2019s original birth certificate or a certified copy\n\n- form CFO 320 PB if they\u2019re an adult and the money is going in to a Court Funds Office (CFO) account\n\nRead guidance on CFO accounts and investments for help with the forms.\n\n## After the court case\n\nYour role usually ends after the court case, unless you\u2019re the litigation friend of someone awarded money that\u2019s going into a CFO account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to remain the contact for a child\u2019s CFO account until they turn 18 or the court directs that the money is paid out. If you cannot carry out this role, you\u2019ll need to be replaced as a litigation friend.\n\nIf you\u2019re the deputy of an adult awarded more than \u00a350,000 into a CFO account, you\u2019ll need to manage the account for them. The Court of Protection may agree that a deputy is not needed.\n\n## Civil cases: expenses\n\nYou can apply to the court to be paid back any expenses you\u2019ve had while acting as litigation friend. This can include the premium for a court costs insurance policy or the interest on a loan taken out to pay for a costs insurance policy.\n\nWrite to the judge in charge of your case giving details of what you spent and when. Include your receipts. The court will check whether your expenses are reasonable.\n\n## Who can be a litigation friend\n\nThe court can appoint anyone to be a litigation friend, for example:\n\n- a parent or guardian\n\n- a family member or friend\n\n- a solicitor\n\n- a professional advocate, such as an Independent Mental Capacity Advocate (IMCA)\n\n- a Court of Protection deputy\n\n- someone who has a lasting or enduring power of attorney\n\n## Suitability\n\nThe court will check you\u2019re suitable by making sure:\n\n- your interests do not conflict with theirs\n\n- you can make decisions about the case in a fair and competent way\n\nYou must fill in a certificate of suitability if you\u2019re applying be someone\u2019s litigation friend.\n\n## If there\u2019s no one suitable to be litigation friend\n\nThe Official Solicitor will act as a litigation friend if:\n\n- nobody else is suitable and willing to be litigation friend\n\n- there\u2019s money available to pay the Official Solicitor\u2019s costs, for example legal aid\n\n- the person\u2019s doctor or another medical professional, for example their psychiatrist, confirms they lack capacity to manage the case (unless they\u2019re a child)\n\nThe court will appoint the Official Solicitor - if he agrees - at the relevant time.\n\nContact the relevant section of the Official Solicitor\u2019s office if you have a query about his involvement in a case.\n\n## Apply to be a litigation friend\n\nYou can apply to be someone\u2019s litigation friend by either:\n\n- providing a copy of the court order that appointed you as the person\u2019s deputy if it gives you permission to act as their litigation friend\n\n- filling in a certificate of suitability if you\u2019re not the person\u2019s deputy\n\nYou must send (\u2018file\u2019) your court order or certificate of suitability with the court before you can act on the person\u2019s behalf.\n\nThe person\u2019s solicitor usually does this, but you can do it yourself if there\u2019s no solicitor yet. Contact the court to find out where to deliver your documents. You\u2019ll then have to find a solicitor to act for the other person.\n\n## Deputies: civil cases\n\nIf you\u2019re the deputy of the claimant (the person bringing the case to court) and your deputy\u2019s court order gives you permission to be litigation friend, you must file your court order together with the claim form that starts the court case.\n\n## Certificate of suitability\n\nDownload and fill in the relevant form to apply in the:\n\n- civil courts\n\n- family courts\n\n- Court of Protection\n\nDeliver in person (\u2018serve\u2019) a completed copy of the relevant form to the:\n\n- parent, guardian or carer, if you\u2019re applying to be a child\u2019s litigation friend\n\n- deputy, attorney with a lasting power of attorney or enduring power of attorney, or carer of the adult you want to be litigation friend for\n\n- the adult, known as the \u2018protected party\u2019, you want to be litigation friend for\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to act for an adult, explain on the certificate of suitability form why you think they need someone to make decisions about the case on their behalf.\n\n## Certificate of service\n\nWhen you\u2019ve served the certificate of suitability, download and fill in the relevant certificate of service for a:\n\n- civil case\n\n- family case\n\n- Court of Protection case depending on whether you\u2019re serving the other person or someone else\n\n## What to do with the forms\n\nDeliver or send the certificate of suitability and certificate of service to the court at the same time.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to be litigation friend for the person making the claim in a civil case, your forms must be delivered with the claim form.\n\n## Ask the court to appoint a litigation friend\n\nYou or anyone involved can apply to the court to get a litigation friend appointed at any time during the case.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the relevant form to apply in the:\n\n- civil courts\n\n- family courts\n\n- Court of Protection\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence that the person you want the court to appoint:\n\n- agrees to be the litigation friend\n\n- is suitable and willing\n\n- is able to carry out the duties\n\nDeliver in person (\u2018serve\u2019) a completed copy of the relevant form to the:\n\n- parent, guardian or carer if you\u2019re applying to get a litigation friend appointed for a child\n\n- deputy, attorney with a lasting power of attorney or enduring power of attorney, or carer if you\u2019re applying to get a litigation friend appointed for an adult\n\n- the adult you\u2019re applying to get a litigation friend appointed for\n\n## Certificate of service\n\nWhen you\u2019ve served the certificate of suitability, download and fill in the relevant certificate of service for a:\n\n- civil case\n\n- family case\n\n- Court of Protection case depending on whether you\u2019re serving the other person or someone else\n\nDeliver or send the certificate of suitability and certificate of service to the court at the same time.\n\n## Stop being a litigation friend\n\nYou\u2019ll usually stop being a litigation friend when:\n\n- the case ends, unless you\u2019re litigation friend for a child and they\u2019ve been given a settlement\n\n- the child turns 18\n\n- the adult who did not have mental capacity recovers or gets mental capacity\n\n- you or someone else applies to the court for a replacement litigation friend\n\n## If you\u2019re litigation friend for a child\n\nIf the case has already been settled and you\u2019re managing a Court Funds Office account on the child\u2019s behalf, the Court Funds Office will write to them and explain how they can get their money.\n\nWhen a child turns 18 during the court case, they must write a statement telling the court and everyone involved in the case:\n\n- they\u2019ve turned 18\n\n- you\u2019ve stopped being their litigation friend\n\n- they are or are not going to carry on with the legal case\n\n- their address so documents can be sent to them\n\nThey must file the statement with the court and give a copy to everyone involved in the case.\n\n## When the adult recovers or gets mental capacity\n\nYou, as the litigation friend of someone who recovers mental capacity, or the person themselves can apply to the court for an order to stop you acting as litigation friend.\n\nYou or they must include:\n\n- medical evidence that they\u2019ve recovered capacity\n\n- any Court of Protection orders or declarations\n\nThen they must write a statement telling the court and anyone involved in the case:\n\n- you\u2019ve stopped being their litigation friend\n\n- they are or are not going to carry on with the legal case\n\n- their address so documents can be sent to them\n\nThey must file the statement with the court and give a copy to everyone involved in the case (\u2018serve\u2019 it).\n\nIn a civil case, the person must serve the statement within 28 days from when you stopped being their litigation friend. If they do not, anyone involved in the case can make an application to have their case dismissed.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/litigation-friend", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My cousin has a severe mental illness and will not be able to represent themselves in court as they lack capacity. This is a family case and focuses on my cousins divorce. I am worried about my cousin.", + "original_question": "Can I be appointed a litigation friend to make decisions about the court case for my cousin?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1704", + "question": "Scenario: I moved to the UK seven years ago. I had the right of movement due to being from France, an EU member state. I have been told that I am going to lose have my status revoked. I currently live in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to attend a hearing for my appeal?\n\nDocument - Appeal against a visa or immigration decision:\n## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if the Home Office has decided to:\n\n- refuse your protection claim (also known as \u2018asylum claim\u2019 or \u2018humanitarian protection\u2019)\n\n- revoke your protection status\n\n- refuse your human rights claim\n\n- refuse you a residence document or deport you under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016\n\n- revoke your British citizenship\n\n- refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- refuse or revoke your travel permit or family permit under the EU Settlement Scheme or restrict your rights to enter or leave the UK under those permits\n\n- refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker\n\n- refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re an S2 healthcare visitor\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nIf you do not have the right to appeal, you might be able to ask the Home Office for an administrative review.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nHow you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.\n\n## If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser\n\nFor most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\nYou must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser\n\nFind out how to appeal from:\n\n- within the UK\n\n- outside the UK\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to appeal if you made your application before 6 April 2015.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get help and advice from a solicitor or an immigration adviser.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\nYou may be able to get asylum support (such as housing and money) if you\u2019ve been refused asylum.\n\nContact the tribunal if you have any questions about your appeal. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## Urgent appeal applications\n\nYou need to write to the tribunal with:\n\n- the reason why your case should be heard urgently\n\n- evidence of compelling or compassionate grounds, for example letters from a doctor or hospital\n\nYou should write \u2018expedite requests\u2019 on the top of any documents you send with your application.\n\nA judge will review your evidence and decide whether your application should be heard sooner than usual.\n\nYour application will only be reviewed if you\u2019ve paid your tribunal fee (if you need to pay one).\n\n## Where to send your application\n\nSend your reasons for the urgent appeal and evidence to the tribunal.\n\nContact the tribunal to check if your application has been received.\n\n## If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful\n\nYou can apply again for the EU Settlement Scheme, Frontier Worker permit or S2 Healthcare Visitor visa for free if you have new evidence to submit.\n\nOr you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.\n\nYou can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:\n\n- 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## Appeal from within the UK\n\nYou can only appeal to the tribunal if you have the legal right to appeal - you\u2019ll usually be told if you do in your decision letter.\n\nTalk to a solicitor or an immigration adviser if you\u2019re not sure.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\nYour decision letter will usually tell you if you can apply for an administrative review if you do not have the right to appeal.\n\nThe administrative review process is different if you applied for the EU Settlement Scheme, a Frontier Worker permit, or an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nHow you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.\n\n## If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser\n\nFor most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\nYou must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser\n\nYou have 14 days to appeal from the date the decision was sent.\n\nIf you apply after the deadline, you must explain why - the tribunal will decide if it can still hear your appeal.\n\nYou can appeal later if your administrative review was unsuccessful for a EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application. Your administrative review decision will tell you how to appeal.\n\nApply online if you can - online appeals are quicker than post or fax appeals.\n\n| What you\u2019re appealing | How you can appeal |\n\n| A decision to refuse your human rights claim or protection claim while you\u2019re in the UK | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to revoke your protection status | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse you a residence document or deport you, under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016 | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your family permit or travel permit under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re on a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision where you\u2019ve been detained in an Immigration detention centre and your decision letter was sent by the Home Office | By post or fax with form IAFT-DIA |\n\n| A decision where you\u2019ve been detained in prison and your decision letter was sent by the Home Office. | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to remove your British citizenship | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| Certain decisions about applications submitted before 6 April 2015 | Online or by post or fax with the relevant form |\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing by post or fax, download and fill in the relevant form. Send or fax it with copies of the documents that support your appeal to the address on the form.\n\n## Ask for an oral hearing\n\nYou can ask on your appeal form for a decision to be made either:\n\n- just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal\n\n- at a hearing that you and your representative can attend\n\nThe tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case and invited to attend.\n\nIf the tribunal does not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your appeal form and the documents.\n\nHearings are carried out in public. You can ask for it to be held in private or to attend by video link, but you must have a reason, for example a public hearing would put you in danger.\n\nYou can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.\n\n## Special requirements\n\nContact the Customer Enquiry Unit before your hearing if you need any special help, for example you need wheelchair access.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a380 without a hearing\n\n- \u00a3140 with a hearing\n\nYou may not have to pay if you:\n\n- get asylum support\n\n- get legal aid\n\n- get services from your local council and you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou can also get help with court fees if any of the following apply:\n\n- you have little or no savings\n\n- you\u2019re on certain benefits\n\n- you have a low income\n\nRead the tribunal fees guidance for more information.\n\nContact the tribunal if you\u2019re unsure if you have to pay a fee.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay your fee with a credit or debit card when you make your appeal online or by including your details on your appeal form.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already made your appeal you can also pay your fee online.\n\n## If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful\n\nIf you have new evidence to submit, you can:\n\n- apply for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- apply for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- apply for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nOr you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.\n\nYou can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:\n\n- 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## Appeal from outside the UK\n\nYou can only appeal to the tribunal if you have the legal right to appeal - you\u2019ll usually be told if you do in your decision letter.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been refused a tier 1, 2, 4 or 5 visa you will be able to ask for the decision to be reviewed at an administrative review - your refusal letter will usually tell you if you can.\n\nThe administrative review process is different if you applied for the EU Settlement Scheme, a Frontier Worker permit, or an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa.\n\nTalk to a solicitor or an immigration adviser if you\u2019re unsure whether you can appeal.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nHow you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.\n\n## If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser\n\nFor most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\nYou must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser\n\nYou have 28 days to appeal after you get your decision. If you have to leave the country before you\u2019re allowed to appeal, you have 28 days to appeal once you\u2019ve left the country.\n\nIf you apply after the deadline, you must explain why - the tribunal will decide if it can still hear your appeal.\n\nYou can appeal later if your administrative review was unsuccessful for a EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application. Your administrative review decision will tell you how to appeal.\n\nApply online if you can - online appeals are quicker than post or fax appeals.\n\n| What you\u2019re appealing | How you can appeal |\n\n| A decision to refuse a human rights claim for entry clearance | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6 |\n\n| A decision to refuse a human rights claim or protection claim (where you can only apply after you\u2019ve left the country) | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-7 |\n\n| A decision to refuse you a residence document or deport you, under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016 | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your family permit or travel permit under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re on a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| Certain decisions about applications submitted before 6 April 2015 | Online or by post or fax with the relevant form |\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing by post or fax, download and fill in the relevant form. Send or fax it with copies of the documents that support your appeal to the address on the form.\n\n## Ask for an oral hearing\n\nYou can ask on your appeal form for a decision to be made either:\n\n- just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal\n\n- at a hearing that your representatives can attend\n\nThe tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case.\n\nIf the tribunal does not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your appeal form and documents.\n\nHearings are carried out in public. You can ask for it to be held in private or to attend by video link, but you must have a reason, for example a public hearing would put you in danger.\n\nYou can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.\n\n## Special requirements\n\nContact the Customer Enquiry Unit before your hearing if any special help is needed, for example someone attending on your behalf needs wheelchair access.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a380 without a hearing\n\n- \u00a3140 with a hearing\n\nYou may not have to pay if you get legal aid.\n\nRead the tribunal fees guidance for more information.\n\nContact the tribunal if you\u2019re not sure if you have to pay a fee.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay your fee with a credit or debit card when you make your appeal online or by including your details on your appeal form.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already made your appeal you can also pay your fee online.\n\n## If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful\n\nIf you have new evidence to submit, you can:\n\n- apply for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- apply for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- apply for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nOr you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.\n\nYou can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:\n\n- 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## Applications made before 6 April 2015\n\nYou might be able to appeal against a decision made by the Home Office if you submitted your application before 6 April 2015 and it was refused.\n\n## Tier 1, 2 or 5 migrants and family members\n\nYou can make an appeal if you applied for leave to remain as a Tier 1, 2 or 5 migrant or family member before 2 March 2015 and your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015.\n\nYou can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.\n\nAppeal online or by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Tier 4 migrants and family members\n\nYou can make an appeal if you applied for permission to remain as a Tier 4 migrant or family member before 20 October 2014 and your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015.\n\nYou can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.\n\nAppeal online or by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Other decisions\n\nYou can appeal against certain other Home Office decisions if you applied before 6 April 2015 and your application was refused on or after the same date.\n\nYou can only do this if the Home Office\u2019s decision did not include refusing an asylum or human rights claim.\n\n## Leave to enter\n\nYou can appeal online if your application for leave to enter was refused.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Vary your leave to enter or remain\n\nYou can appeal online if your application to change (\u2018vary\u2019) the length and conditions of your stay in the UK was refused. You can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Entry clearance\n\nYou can appeal online if your application for entry clearance was refused.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with form IAFT-2.\n\n## Certificate of entitlement\n\nYou can appeal online if your application for a certificate of entitlement to prove you have a right of abode in the UK was refused.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## If there's a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or email with details of how to attend your hearing. You may be asked to attend in person at a tribunal building, or asked to attend remotely by a video link or by phone.\n\nIf you\u2019ll be attending remotely, the letter or email will tell you how to prepare for this.\n\nYou can check the daily courts lists on the day of your hearing to find out if anything has changed.\n\nIf you cannot attend yourself you can ask someone to represent you and ask witnesses to attend.\n\nYou may have to give evidence at the hearing and answer questions.\n\nYou may need to take part in a \u2018pre-hearing\u2019, where the tribunal will check that you\u2019re ready for a full hearing.\n\nThe hearing will normally be attended by:\n\n- a judge, sometimes with other tribunal members\n\n- a clerk and other tribunal staff, to help run the hearing\n\n- your representative, if you have one\n\n- a Home Office \u2018presenting officer\u2019, who will argue the case for the Home Office\n\n- any witnesses called to give evidence\n\n- an interpreter, if you\u2019ve asked for one\n\nIt can also normally be attended by:\n\n- your sponsor, if you have one\n\n- members of the public\n\n- the press or media\n\n## If your appeal cannot be resolved at the hearing\n\nIf your appeal is not held on its scheduled day for any reason (for example there is not a judge available) it\u2019ll be rescheduled for another day.\n\nYour hearing may also be adjourned as \u2018part heard\u2019 if there is not enough time to finish it, or it cannot be resolved on the day. The tribunal will arrange another hearing with the same people present.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a decision in person or by post.\n\nThe tribunal will either decide to:\n\n- allow your appeal - this does not automatically mean you\u2019ll be able to enter or stay in the country and may simply mean the Home Office has to reconsider its decision\n\n- dismiss your appeal and uphold the Home Office\u2019s original decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a copy of the tribunal\u2019s decision within 4 weeks of the hearing.\n\nBoth you and the Home Office can appeal the decision of the tribunal.\n\nThe tribunal can order either you or the Home Office to pay the other\u2019s costs if either of you has acted unreasonably.\n\n## If you win your appeal\n\nThe Home Office will change (\u2018revise\u2019) its decision if you win your appeal. The Home Office may reconsider your entire application if your circumstances have changed since you first made your appeal.\n\nThe judge may order the Home Office to pay you a \u2018fee award\u2019 if you win your appeal, up to the amount you paid for your tribunal fee.\n\nEmail the Home Office if you do not get your fee award after 60 days.\n\nInclude the following information:\n\n- your Home Office reference number\n\n- your appeal reference number\n\n- the date of the tribunal decision letter\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYou can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if you lose your case and you think there\u2019s a legal mistake with the tribunal\u2019s decision.\n\nFor example, you think the tribunal:\n\n- got the law wrong\n\n- do not apply the correct law\n\n- do not follow the correct procedures, which affected the decision\n\n- had no evidence to support its decision\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and the guidance it\u2019s issued.\n\nAll parties must follow the rules and process in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) Rules 2014.\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on legislation, including the:\n\n- Immigration Act 1971\n\n- Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002\n\n- Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006\n\n- Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007\n\n- UK Borders Act 2007\n\n- Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009\n\n- Immigration Rules\n\n- Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016\n\nThe tribunal fees are set out in the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) Fees Order 2011.\n\nThe president of the tribunal has issued guidance which provides more detail on certain issues.\n\nThere are also older guidance notes for the Asylum and Immigration Tribunal which still apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber).\n\nCheck the decisions database to see how previous decisions on appeals have been made by the Immigration and Asylum Chamber.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-asylum-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I moved to the UK seven years ago. I had the right of movement due to being from France, an EU member state. I have been told that I am going to lose have my status revoked. I currently live in the UK.", + "original_question": "Do I need to attend a hearing for my appeal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1705", + "question": "Scenario: I migrated to the UK from Japan to live with my husband. I have appealed against a decision to be deported and will have a hearing.\n\nQuestion: Can I bring someone to support me at the hearing?\n\nDocument - Appeal against a visa or immigration decision:\n## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if the Home Office has decided to:\n\n- refuse your protection claim (also known as \u2018asylum claim\u2019 or \u2018humanitarian protection\u2019)\n\n- revoke your protection status\n\n- refuse your human rights claim\n\n- refuse you a residence document or deport you under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016\n\n- revoke your British citizenship\n\n- refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- refuse or revoke your travel permit or family permit under the EU Settlement Scheme or restrict your rights to enter or leave the UK under those permits\n\n- refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker\n\n- refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re an S2 healthcare visitor\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nIf you do not have the right to appeal, you might be able to ask the Home Office for an administrative review.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nHow you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.\n\n## If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser\n\nFor most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\nYou must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser\n\nFind out how to appeal from:\n\n- within the UK\n\n- outside the UK\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to appeal if you made your application before 6 April 2015.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get help and advice from a solicitor or an immigration adviser.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\nYou may be able to get asylum support (such as housing and money) if you\u2019ve been refused asylum.\n\nContact the tribunal if you have any questions about your appeal. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## Urgent appeal applications\n\nYou need to write to the tribunal with:\n\n- the reason why your case should be heard urgently\n\n- evidence of compelling or compassionate grounds, for example letters from a doctor or hospital\n\nYou should write \u2018expedite requests\u2019 on the top of any documents you send with your application.\n\nA judge will review your evidence and decide whether your application should be heard sooner than usual.\n\nYour application will only be reviewed if you\u2019ve paid your tribunal fee (if you need to pay one).\n\n## Where to send your application\n\nSend your reasons for the urgent appeal and evidence to the tribunal.\n\nContact the tribunal to check if your application has been received.\n\n## If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful\n\nYou can apply again for the EU Settlement Scheme, Frontier Worker permit or S2 Healthcare Visitor visa for free if you have new evidence to submit.\n\nOr you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.\n\nYou can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:\n\n- 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## Appeal from within the UK\n\nYou can only appeal to the tribunal if you have the legal right to appeal - you\u2019ll usually be told if you do in your decision letter.\n\nTalk to a solicitor or an immigration adviser if you\u2019re not sure.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\nYour decision letter will usually tell you if you can apply for an administrative review if you do not have the right to appeal.\n\nThe administrative review process is different if you applied for the EU Settlement Scheme, a Frontier Worker permit, or an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nHow you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.\n\n## If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser\n\nFor most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\nYou must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser\n\nYou have 14 days to appeal from the date the decision was sent.\n\nIf you apply after the deadline, you must explain why - the tribunal will decide if it can still hear your appeal.\n\nYou can appeal later if your administrative review was unsuccessful for a EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application. Your administrative review decision will tell you how to appeal.\n\nApply online if you can - online appeals are quicker than post or fax appeals.\n\n| What you\u2019re appealing | How you can appeal |\n\n| A decision to refuse your human rights claim or protection claim while you\u2019re in the UK | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to revoke your protection status | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse you a residence document or deport you, under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016 | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your family permit or travel permit under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re on a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision where you\u2019ve been detained in an Immigration detention centre and your decision letter was sent by the Home Office | By post or fax with form IAFT-DIA |\n\n| A decision where you\u2019ve been detained in prison and your decision letter was sent by the Home Office. | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to remove your British citizenship | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| Certain decisions about applications submitted before 6 April 2015 | Online or by post or fax with the relevant form |\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing by post or fax, download and fill in the relevant form. Send or fax it with copies of the documents that support your appeal to the address on the form.\n\n## Ask for an oral hearing\n\nYou can ask on your appeal form for a decision to be made either:\n\n- just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal\n\n- at a hearing that you and your representative can attend\n\nThe tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case and invited to attend.\n\nIf the tribunal does not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your appeal form and the documents.\n\nHearings are carried out in public. You can ask for it to be held in private or to attend by video link, but you must have a reason, for example a public hearing would put you in danger.\n\nYou can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.\n\n## Special requirements\n\nContact the Customer Enquiry Unit before your hearing if you need any special help, for example you need wheelchair access.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a380 without a hearing\n\n- \u00a3140 with a hearing\n\nYou may not have to pay if you:\n\n- get asylum support\n\n- get legal aid\n\n- get services from your local council and you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou can also get help with court fees if any of the following apply:\n\n- you have little or no savings\n\n- you\u2019re on certain benefits\n\n- you have a low income\n\nRead the tribunal fees guidance for more information.\n\nContact the tribunal if you\u2019re unsure if you have to pay a fee.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay your fee with a credit or debit card when you make your appeal online or by including your details on your appeal form.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already made your appeal you can also pay your fee online.\n\n## If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful\n\nIf you have new evidence to submit, you can:\n\n- apply for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- apply for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- apply for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nOr you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.\n\nYou can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:\n\n- 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## Appeal from outside the UK\n\nYou can only appeal to the tribunal if you have the legal right to appeal - you\u2019ll usually be told if you do in your decision letter.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been refused a tier 1, 2, 4 or 5 visa you will be able to ask for the decision to be reviewed at an administrative review - your refusal letter will usually tell you if you can.\n\nThe administrative review process is different if you applied for the EU Settlement Scheme, a Frontier Worker permit, or an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa.\n\nTalk to a solicitor or an immigration adviser if you\u2019re unsure whether you can appeal.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nHow you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.\n\n## If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser\n\nFor most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\nYou must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser\n\nYou have 28 days to appeal after you get your decision. If you have to leave the country before you\u2019re allowed to appeal, you have 28 days to appeal once you\u2019ve left the country.\n\nIf you apply after the deadline, you must explain why - the tribunal will decide if it can still hear your appeal.\n\nYou can appeal later if your administrative review was unsuccessful for a EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application. Your administrative review decision will tell you how to appeal.\n\nApply online if you can - online appeals are quicker than post or fax appeals.\n\n| What you\u2019re appealing | How you can appeal |\n\n| A decision to refuse a human rights claim for entry clearance | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6 |\n\n| A decision to refuse a human rights claim or protection claim (where you can only apply after you\u2019ve left the country) | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-7 |\n\n| A decision to refuse you a residence document or deport you, under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016 | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your family permit or travel permit under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re on a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| Certain decisions about applications submitted before 6 April 2015 | Online or by post or fax with the relevant form |\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing by post or fax, download and fill in the relevant form. Send or fax it with copies of the documents that support your appeal to the address on the form.\n\n## Ask for an oral hearing\n\nYou can ask on your appeal form for a decision to be made either:\n\n- just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal\n\n- at a hearing that your representatives can attend\n\nThe tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case.\n\nIf the tribunal does not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your appeal form and documents.\n\nHearings are carried out in public. You can ask for it to be held in private or to attend by video link, but you must have a reason, for example a public hearing would put you in danger.\n\nYou can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.\n\n## Special requirements\n\nContact the Customer Enquiry Unit before your hearing if any special help is needed, for example someone attending on your behalf needs wheelchair access.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a380 without a hearing\n\n- \u00a3140 with a hearing\n\nYou may not have to pay if you get legal aid.\n\nRead the tribunal fees guidance for more information.\n\nContact the tribunal if you\u2019re not sure if you have to pay a fee.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay your fee with a credit or debit card when you make your appeal online or by including your details on your appeal form.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already made your appeal you can also pay your fee online.\n\n## If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful\n\nIf you have new evidence to submit, you can:\n\n- apply for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- apply for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- apply for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nOr you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.\n\nYou can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:\n\n- 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## Applications made before 6 April 2015\n\nYou might be able to appeal against a decision made by the Home Office if you submitted your application before 6 April 2015 and it was refused.\n\n## Tier 1, 2 or 5 migrants and family members\n\nYou can make an appeal if you applied for leave to remain as a Tier 1, 2 or 5 migrant or family member before 2 March 2015 and your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015.\n\nYou can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.\n\nAppeal online or by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Tier 4 migrants and family members\n\nYou can make an appeal if you applied for permission to remain as a Tier 4 migrant or family member before 20 October 2014 and your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015.\n\nYou can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.\n\nAppeal online or by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Other decisions\n\nYou can appeal against certain other Home Office decisions if you applied before 6 April 2015 and your application was refused on or after the same date.\n\nYou can only do this if the Home Office\u2019s decision did not include refusing an asylum or human rights claim.\n\n## Leave to enter\n\nYou can appeal online if your application for leave to enter was refused.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Vary your leave to enter or remain\n\nYou can appeal online if your application to change (\u2018vary\u2019) the length and conditions of your stay in the UK was refused. You can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Entry clearance\n\nYou can appeal online if your application for entry clearance was refused.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with form IAFT-2.\n\n## Certificate of entitlement\n\nYou can appeal online if your application for a certificate of entitlement to prove you have a right of abode in the UK was refused.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## If there's a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or email with details of how to attend your hearing. You may be asked to attend in person at a tribunal building, or asked to attend remotely by a video link or by phone.\n\nIf you\u2019ll be attending remotely, the letter or email will tell you how to prepare for this.\n\nYou can check the daily courts lists on the day of your hearing to find out if anything has changed.\n\nIf you cannot attend yourself you can ask someone to represent you and ask witnesses to attend.\n\nYou may have to give evidence at the hearing and answer questions.\n\nYou may need to take part in a \u2018pre-hearing\u2019, where the tribunal will check that you\u2019re ready for a full hearing.\n\nThe hearing will normally be attended by:\n\n- a judge, sometimes with other tribunal members\n\n- a clerk and other tribunal staff, to help run the hearing\n\n- your representative, if you have one\n\n- a Home Office \u2018presenting officer\u2019, who will argue the case for the Home Office\n\n- any witnesses called to give evidence\n\n- an interpreter, if you\u2019ve asked for one\n\nIt can also normally be attended by:\n\n- your sponsor, if you have one\n\n- members of the public\n\n- the press or media\n\n## If your appeal cannot be resolved at the hearing\n\nIf your appeal is not held on its scheduled day for any reason (for example there is not a judge available) it\u2019ll be rescheduled for another day.\n\nYour hearing may also be adjourned as \u2018part heard\u2019 if there is not enough time to finish it, or it cannot be resolved on the day. The tribunal will arrange another hearing with the same people present.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a decision in person or by post.\n\nThe tribunal will either decide to:\n\n- allow your appeal - this does not automatically mean you\u2019ll be able to enter or stay in the country and may simply mean the Home Office has to reconsider its decision\n\n- dismiss your appeal and uphold the Home Office\u2019s original decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a copy of the tribunal\u2019s decision within 4 weeks of the hearing.\n\nBoth you and the Home Office can appeal the decision of the tribunal.\n\nThe tribunal can order either you or the Home Office to pay the other\u2019s costs if either of you has acted unreasonably.\n\n## If you win your appeal\n\nThe Home Office will change (\u2018revise\u2019) its decision if you win your appeal. The Home Office may reconsider your entire application if your circumstances have changed since you first made your appeal.\n\nThe judge may order the Home Office to pay you a \u2018fee award\u2019 if you win your appeal, up to the amount you paid for your tribunal fee.\n\nEmail the Home Office if you do not get your fee award after 60 days.\n\nInclude the following information:\n\n- your Home Office reference number\n\n- your appeal reference number\n\n- the date of the tribunal decision letter\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYou can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if you lose your case and you think there\u2019s a legal mistake with the tribunal\u2019s decision.\n\nFor example, you think the tribunal:\n\n- got the law wrong\n\n- do not apply the correct law\n\n- do not follow the correct procedures, which affected the decision\n\n- had no evidence to support its decision\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and the guidance it\u2019s issued.\n\nAll parties must follow the rules and process in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) Rules 2014.\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on legislation, including the:\n\n- Immigration Act 1971\n\n- Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002\n\n- Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006\n\n- Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007\n\n- UK Borders Act 2007\n\n- Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009\n\n- Immigration Rules\n\n- Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016\n\nThe tribunal fees are set out in the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) Fees Order 2011.\n\nThe president of the tribunal has issued guidance which provides more detail on certain issues.\n\nThere are also older guidance notes for the Asylum and Immigration Tribunal which still apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber).\n\nCheck the decisions database to see how previous decisions on appeals have been made by the Immigration and Asylum Chamber.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-asylum-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I migrated to the UK from Japan to live with my husband. I have appealed against a decision to be deported and will have a hearing.", + "original_question": "Can I bring someone to support me at the hearing?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1706", + "question": "Scenario: I recently pleeded guilty for a crime I did not comit, I don\u2019t know what I can do about this. I am wondering if I can appeal as it is not fair to serve a sentence that I am not responsible for.\n\nQuestion: can I appeal against my conviction?\n\nDocument - Appeal a magistrates\u2019 court decision:\n## What you can appeal\n\nYou can appeal to the magistrates\u2019 court against your:\n\n- sentence, if you pleaded guilty\n\n- conviction and sentence, if you pleaded not guilty\n\nYou should talk to your legal representative (if you have one) or get help from a legal adviser before you appeal.\n\n## Ask the court to reconsider a decision\n\nIf you think the decision was wrong, you can ask the court to reconsider a sentence or conviction. For example, if there was a serious mistake or the court did not follow the right steps.\n\nIf you disagree with the decision but there has been no mistake you will normally need to appeal to the Crown Court.\n\n## If you did not know about your court case\n\nIf you did not know about your case before a decision was made, you can make a statutory declaration to a magistrates\u2019 court to reopen your case.\n\n## Change the amount you\u2019ve been fined\n\nYou can ask the court to change the amount you\u2019ve been fined if:\n\n- your financial circumstances have changed\n\n- the court did not know your income at the time of your conviction\n\n## Ask the court to reconsider a decision\n\nYou can ask the court to reconsider your conviction, sentence or court order if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, for example if the court did not:\n\n- give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts\n\n- apply the law properly\n\nThis is different to making an appeal to the Crown Court.\n\nIf you pleaded guilty, you cannot ask the court to reconsider your conviction.\n\n## How to get a decision reconsidered\n\nSubmit your request as early as possible by writing to the magistrates\u2019 court where you had your hearing.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- information about your conviction, sentence or court order\n\n- why you think the decision should change\n\n- what the conviction, sentence or order should be changed to\n\nSend a copy of your application to the prosecutor\u2019s office (you can find the address of the prosecutor by contacting\nthe magistrates\u2019 court where you were convicted).\n\nThe court will decide if a hearing is needed.\n\n## If you did not know about your case\n\nIf a magistrates\u2019 court convicted you without you knowing, you can make a statutory declaration before a magistrates\u2019 court or to a commissioner for oaths (for example a solicitor).\n\nIf the court accepts your declaration they will start the proceedings again. Your conviction or sentence will no longer apply.\n\n## When to make your declaration\n\nYou must give your completed declaration to the court within 21 days of finding out about your case.\n\nIf you want to give a declaration after 21 days, you\u2019ll have to ask the court if they\u2019ll accept it.\n\n## Making a statutory declaration\n\n- Download a statutory declaration (called an ignorance of proceedings form) or ask for a copy at your local magistrates\u2019 court.\n\n- Fill out the form telling the court when and how you heard about your court case. You\u2019ll need to provide details of your case, including where your hearing was held and on what date.\n\n- Arrange an appointment to make your statutory declaration before a solicitor or any magistrates\u2019 court.\n\n- Sign and date your form.\n\n- Give your declaration to the court or ask your solicitor to do it.\n\nIf your case was decided by a magistrate without a hearing, you\u2019ll need to give a written plea (or a completed single justice procedure notice if you have one) to the court or your solicitor along with your statutory declaration.\n\n## Get a fine reviewed\n\nYou can ask the court to change a fine if:\n\n- your financial circumstances have changed\n\n- the court did not know your income when they convicted you\n\nYour original conviction or record of your offence will not change.\n\n## How to ask for a review\n\nWrite to the court or go to your court hearing with evidence of your income and living expenses.\n\nIf your income has changed since you were sentenced you need to also provide your income on the date you were sentenced.\n\nYou can ask your legal adviser if you\u2019re not sure what documents you need.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe court will decide if the decision should be reconsidered.\n\nYou may need to attend court for another hearing. They\u2019ll let you know when the hearing will take place.\n\n## Appeal to the Crown Court\n\nIf you disagree with a decision but there has been no mistake you can appeal to the Crown Court.\n\nDownload and fill in the \u2018Appeal to the Crown Court\u2019 form that relates to your crime or sentence. Send the form by post or email. The address is on the form.\n\nIf you were convicted at a magistrates\u2019 court but sentenced at a Crown Court, follow the rules for appealing a Crown Court decision.\n\nIf you pleaded guilty, you can only appeal against your sentence.\n\n## When to appeal\n\nYou must appeal within 21 days of the date you were sentenced.\n\nIf you want to appeal after 21 days, you\u2019ll have to ask the Crown Court for permission before you can appeal. The magistrates\u2019 court where you were sentenced will tell you how to do this.\n\nTalk to your legal representative (if you have one) or get help from a legal adviser before you appeal.\n\n## The court hearing\n\nThe Crown Court will make a decision on your appeal at a hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter within 80 days of making your appeal to let you know when and where the hearing will take place.\n\nThe hearing is usually held at your nearest Crown Court.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll have the chance to present your case to the judge and magistrates. Representatives from the prosecution will present the case against you.\n\nThe judge might also ask you questions during the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told whether you\u2019ve won your appeal at the hearing. You\u2019ll also be sent a copy of the judge\u2019s decision by post.\n\n## Stopping your appeal\n\nYou can apply to stop your appeal before the hearing. Your appeal cannot be restarted once it\u2019s been stopped.\n\nSend a \u2018notice of abandonment of appeal\u2019 to the magistrates\u2019 court where you sent your appeal and the Crown Court where your hearing will take place.\n\nYou must also send a copy to any other parties involved in the case, for example a prosecutor.\n\n## If you win your appeal\n\nIf you win your appeal against your conviction, your sentence will no longer apply. You might be able to apply to get compensation.\n\nIf you win your appeal against your sentence, it will be reduced.\n\nThe court might decide you can get some of your legal costs paid back, for example your solicitor\u2019s fee.\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYour original sentence or conviction might change.\n\nCheck with your legal adviser if you can appeal again. You might have to pay extra costs if you do.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-magistrates-court-decision", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently pleeded guilty for a crime I did not comit, I don\u2019t know what I can do about this. I am wondering if I can appeal as it is not fair to serve a sentence that I am not responsible for.", + "original_question": "can I appeal against my conviction?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1712", + "question": "Scenario: I received compensation for being a victim of a violent crime. I am not happy about the amount I received.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to appeal to receive a higher compensation?\n\nDocument - Criminal injuries compensation tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Criminal Injuries Compensation) if you disagree with a decision by the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA) on your claim for compensation.\n\nYou may want to appeal if you\u2019re refused compensation or unhappy with the amount.\n\nThe tribunal can:\n\n- uphold CICA\u2019s decision\n\n- increase or reduce your award\n\n- decide you should not get anything\n\n- ask CICA to make the decision again\n\nYou have 90 days to appeal to the tribunal from the date of CICA\u2019s review decision. Explain why you\u2019re late if you miss the deadline, for example if you\u2019re waiting for medical reports.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can contact Victim and Witness Information to find local help and support.\n\nYou can represent yourself at the tribunal. To get help and advice before you appeal you can find a solicitor.\n\n## Appeal to the tribunal\n\nDownload and fill in the appeal form giving reasons why you disagree with the the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority\u2019s (CICA\u2019s) decision.\n\nYou must also provide:\n\n- the decision letter from CICA\n\n- documents supporting your case, for example, medical records or evidence of loss of earnings\n\nSend the form, decision letter and documents to the address on the form.\n\nCall or email the tribunal helpline if you have any questions about completing the form. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe tribunal will send a copy of your appeal form to the Criminal Injuries Compensation Authority (CICA). CICA will usually respond to you and the tribunal within 6 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll have one month to get back to the tribunal with any extra information or arguments.\n\n## How your appeal will be decided\n\nThe tribunal will write to tell you if your appeal will be decided using either:\n\n- the paperwork in the case\n\n- a hearing\n\nYou can ask the tribunal for a hearing if you\u2019re unhappy with not being given one.\n\nThe tribunal judge\u2019s decision will be sent to you by post if your appeal is decided using paperwork.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given at least 14 days\u2019 notice of any hearing.\n\n## Hearings\n\nThe hearing will usually be held in the area covered by the police force which investigated the crime.\n\nThe hearing will be attended by:\n\n- 2 or 3 tribunal judges or members\n\n- a clerk\n\n- a representative from CICA\n\n- any witnesses\n\nA police officer who knows about your case may also attend if they can help the tribunal.\n\nOffenders do not usually attend tribunal hearings.\n\n## What happens at a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked questions about the crime and your injuries.\n\nYou\u2019ll present your case to the judge - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer friend or family member.\n\nWitnesses will come into the hearing room to give evidence - they\u2019ll leave after they\u2019ve done that.\n\nYou or your representative can ask questions during the hearing, and can make points at the end.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get the tribunal\u2019s decision on the day of the hearing.\n\n## Expenses for going to the hearing\n\nThe tribunal will send you information on how to claim expenses for going to the hearing, such as travel costs.\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nThere\u2019s no right of appeal but you may be able to ask for a \u2018judicial review\u2019 of the decision if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason. This means they may hear the case again.\n\nContact a solicitor for legal advice if you\u2019re unsure.\n\n## Before you apply\n\nBefore applying for a judicial review:\n\n- write to the tribunal, saying why you think the decision was wrong\n\n- ask for written reasons for its decision\n\nYou must do this within 1 month of the date of the decision.\n\n## How to apply - England and Wales\n\nYou must get permission from the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you live in England or Wales.\n\nFill in the judicial review claim form and return it to the address on the form.\n\nFind out more about appealing to the Upper Tribunal.\n\n## How to apply - Scotland\n\nYou must get permission from the Court of Session if you live in Scotland by using the application for leave to appeal form.\n\nSend the form to:\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nSearch the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on the Criminal Injuries Compensation Scheme 2012.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008.\n\nRead the Practice Directions and Statements for more information.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/criminal-injuries-compensation-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I received compensation for being a victim of a violent crime. I am not happy about the amount I received.", + "original_question": "Am I able to appeal to receive a higher compensation?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1714", + "question": "Scenario: I have recently lost a case to my employee about pay. I am happy to pay back the money I am owed them although am not happy to pay compensation and am not sure if this will be enforced by the courts.\n\nQuestion: Will I need to pay compensation to my employee?\n\nDocument - Being taken to an employment tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou can be taken to an employment tribunal by an employee or someone else (for example a job applicant or trade union) over various issues, including:\n\n- pay\n\n- dismissal\n\n- discrimination\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to you (the \u2018respondent\u2019) and the other party (the \u2018claimant\u2019) before making a decision.\n\nYou may have to pay compensation or reinstate the claimant if you lose the case.\n\n## Solve the dispute without a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted by the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) if someone wants to make a claim against you. They\u2019ll offer to work with you and the claimant to try to solve the problem without it going to a tribunal - this is called \u2018conciliation\u2019.\n\nCall Acas for help and advice.\n\n## Respond to a claim\n\nThe tribunal will send you a letter (known as a \u2018response pack\u2019) if a claim has been made against you and conciliation has not worked. You can respond either:\n\n- online\n\n- by filling out and returning the response pack you\u2019re sent\n\n- by downloading and filling in the response form and sending it to the tribunal office dealing with the case\n\nRead the response guidance before you fill in the form.\n\nYou must respond to the claim within 28 days.\n\nYou may be able to get more time to respond - ask the tribunal. If you\u2019re late or do not respond, the tribunal may make a decision against you without a hearing.\n\n## Offer the claimant compensation\n\nYou can try to settle the case at any time by offering to pay compensation to the claimant (known as a \u2018settlement agreement\u2019).\n\n## Get help or legal advice\n\nYou may want to get legal advice if a claim is made against you.\n\nCall the employment tribunal enquiry line for general guidance on how the process works. They cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## If you\u2019re in Northern Ireland\n\nYour case will be dealt with by the Office of Industrial Tribunals and the Fair Employment Tribunal.\n\n## Before the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be given at least 14 days\u2019 notice before the hearing - you\u2019ll get a letter confirming this. You must prepare documents and arrange for witnesses to attend in advance.\n\n## \u2018Preliminary hearing\u2019\n\nYou may be asked to go to an initial hearing (called a preliminary hearing) with the judge to decide on things like:\n\n- the date and time of a hearing\n\n- how long the hearing should take\n\nThe tribunal will let you know if you\u2019ll have to give evidence or provide any extra information.\n\n## Arrange documents\n\nYou can ask the claimant for documents that will help you with the case, and they can request documents from you.\n\nExamples of documents include:\n\n- a contract of employment\n\n- pay slips\n\n- details of a pension scheme\n\n- notes from relevant meetings\n\nUsually the tribunal will issue an order setting out a timetable for when you should exchange documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how many copies of each document to bring to the hearing.\n\n## Organise witnesses\n\nYou can bring witnesses to the hearing if they can give evidence directly relevant to the case.\n\nIf you ask a witness to attend and they do not want to, you can ask the tribunal to order them to come. You must apply in writing to the tribunal office dealing with the case, giving:\n\n- the name and address of the witness\n\n- details of what the witness may be able to say and how it will help the case\n\n- the reason the witness has refused to attend (if they gave you one)\n\nYou\u2019ll most likely be responsible for paying the witness\u2019s expenses.\n\n## At the hearing\n\nCases are normally held at the employment tribunal office closest to where you worked.\n\nYou must take the documents you\u2019re using to support the case.\n\nYou cannot claim for expenses for going to the hearing.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll present the case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, such as a lawyer, friend or family member. The claimant will present their case against you.\n\nYou may be asked questions by:\n\n- the judge\n\n- the claimant\n\n- 2 other tribunal members (only in certain tribunals)\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the decision in the post a few days or weeks after the hearing. The decision will be published on GOV.UK. In certain cases you may also be given the decision at the hearing.\n\n## If you win the case\n\nIn most cases, you will not be awarded any compensation if you win. However, if the claimant acted unreasonably or if their case had no hope of success, you can ask to be awarded costs by the tribunal.\n\n## If you lose the case\n\nIf you lose, the tribunal can order you to do certain things depending on the type of case. Examples include:\n\n- giving the claimant their job back\n\n- paying compensation if you cannot give the claimant their job back\n\n- paying witness expenses\n\n- paying damages or loss of earnings\n\n## Pay compensation\n\nPaying compensation is the most common outcome of a tribunal. There can be limits to the amount of money a tribunal can award. There\u2019s no limit in cases of discrimination.\n\nThe tribunal usually works out the amount based on the financial loss the person has suffered as a result of your actions.\n\nInterest is calculated from the day the judgment is received, but you will not have to pay interest if you pay the full compensation award within 14 days.\n\nYou can be taken to court and forced to pay. You can also be fined and named online by the government if you do not pay.\n\n## Pay back state benefits\n\nYou might have to pay back any Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance, Income Support or Employment Support Allowance (ESA) that the claimant claimed while taking their case to the tribunal.\n\nThis is to prevent them from getting paid twice.\n\nThe tribunal and the Compensation Recovery Unit will tell you what you need to do and how much to pay.\n\n## If you disagree with a tribunal decision\n\nYou can ask the tribunal to reconsider the decision if you lose the case.\n\nYou must write to the tribunal office within 14 days of getting the decision, saying why you want it to be reconsidered.\n\nYou need to give good reasons, such as:\n\n- the tribunal made a mistake in the way it reached its decision\n\n- you were not told about the hearing\n\n- new evidence has turned up since the hearing\n\nSend your letter to the tribunal office that dealt with the case.\n\n## Appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal\n\nYou can also appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal if you think the employment tribunal made a legal mistake.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Employment Tribunal follows certain rules and processes that you also have to follow.\n\nYou can also read other relevant tribunal rules and regulations.\n\nThe tribunal has issued guidance and practice directions which provides more information about specific areas, such as postponing hearings and serving documents.\n\nYou can also read guidance about specific cases.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/being-taken-to-employment-tribunal-by-employee", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have recently lost a case to my employee about pay. I am happy to pay back the money I am owed them although am not happy to pay compensation and am not sure if this will be enforced by the courts.", + "original_question": "Will I need to pay compensation to my employee?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1715", + "question": "Scenario: My ex-husband is failing to pay his child support obligations as ordered by the lower court.He has neglected his role and I would like the court to enforce.\n\nQuestion: Can i apply to the administrative appeal chamber?\n\nDocument - Appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber):\n## Overview\n\nYou may be able to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you think there was a legal mistake with a decision made against you by certain lower tribunals and organisations.\n\nYou might be able to appeal if your case was about:\n\n- social security or child support\n\n- war pensions and armed forces compensation\n\n- mental health\n\n- special education needs or disabilities\n\n- a dispute that was heard by the General Regulatory Chamber\n\n- a decision made by the Disclosure and Barring Service\n\n- a decision made by the Traffic Commissioner (or the Transport Regulation Unit in Northern Ireland)\n\nThere are also other cases that the tribunal deals with.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if your case is about criminal injuries compensation.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to Northern Ireland commissioners if your case was heard in Northern Ireland and was about social security or war pensions.\n\n## Get help with your appeal\n\nYou can read more detail about the appeal process.\n\nYou may also be able to get free legal advice from Citizens Advice or help from Welfare Rights if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\n## Contact the tribunal\n\n## England and Wales\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\n## How to appeal\n\nYou may have to ask for permission to appeal - it depends on your case.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing a decision made by another tribunal\n\nYou must get permission to appeal.\n\nFirst ask the tribunal who made the decision for permission to appeal. You usually have to do this within 28 days of the decision - speak to that tribunal to find out the deadline.\n\nOnce you have permission, download and fill in the relevant appeal form. Send it to the address on the form within 1 month of getting permission.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission\n\nYou can ask the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) for permission directly using the relevant permission form. Send it to the address on the form within 1 month of being refused.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing a decision made by an organisation\n\nYou will not need to ask for permission to appeal (unless you\u2019re appealing a decision made by Disclosure and Barring Service).\n\nAppeal using the relevant appeal form and send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Appealing a Disclosure and Barring Service decision\n\nYou\u2019ll need to ask the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) for permission before you can appeal.\n\nUse the relevant permission form and send it to the address on the form.\n\n## How your case will be decided\n\nA judge will make a decision using:\n\n- your appeal form\n\n- the documents you\u2019ve provided\n\n- the documents used by the lower tribunal or organisation that decided your case\n\nThe decision will be sent to you by post.\n\n## Attending a hearing\n\nIn certain cases you may be asked to attend a hearing to present your case. You can also ask for a hearing when you apply - the judge will decide if it\u2019s necessary.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told the time and date of the hearing and where it\u2019s being held. You\u2019ll usually be told at least 14 days beforehand if there\u2019s going to be a hearing. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances or if all parties agree to a shorter notice period.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare and what documents you\u2019ll need to provide.\n\n## Getting a time extension\n\nYou may be able to get a time extension if you need more time to prepare - ask the judge.\n\nYou must have a good reason, for example you\u2019re having problems finding a document or you\u2019re ill.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal mistake made by the tribunal.\n\nGet legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.\n\n## Ask for permission\n\nYou must write to the tribunal and ask for permission before you appeal.\n\nYou must do this within one month of getting the decision (or 3 months for social security, child support, or war pensions and armed forces cases).\n\n## England and Wales\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nOnce you have permission, you should appeal to the relevant higher court:\n\n- The Court of Appeal in England and Wales\n\n- The Court of Session in Scotland\n\n- The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland\n\nYou must do this within:\n\n- 28 days of being given permission (England and Wales)\n\n- 42 days of being given permission (Scotland)\n\n- 6 weeks of being given permission (Northern Ireland)\n\nYou may have to pay court fees and the other party\u2019s costs.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission\n\nYou can ask the relevant higher court for permission.\n\nYou must do this within 28 days of being refused permission in England and Wales.\n\nThe time limits are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland - contact the relevant tribunal office for details.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nSearch the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process set out in The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/administrative-appeals-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My ex-husband is failing to pay his child support obligations as ordered by the lower court.He has neglected his role and I would like the court to enforce.", + "original_question": "Can i apply to the administrative appeal chamber?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1716", + "question": "Scenario: I have been hospitalised after suffering a cardiac arrest and i had a court hearing at the administrative appeal chamber on my war pension case.\n\nQuestion: Can i ask for extension?\n\nDocument - Appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber):\n## Overview\n\nYou may be able to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you think there was a legal mistake with a decision made against you by certain lower tribunals and organisations.\n\nYou might be able to appeal if your case was about:\n\n- social security or child support\n\n- war pensions and armed forces compensation\n\n- mental health\n\n- special education needs or disabilities\n\n- a dispute that was heard by the General Regulatory Chamber\n\n- a decision made by the Disclosure and Barring Service\n\n- a decision made by the Traffic Commissioner (or the Transport Regulation Unit in Northern Ireland)\n\nThere are also other cases that the tribunal deals with.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if your case is about criminal injuries compensation.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to Northern Ireland commissioners if your case was heard in Northern Ireland and was about social security or war pensions.\n\n## Get help with your appeal\n\nYou can read more detail about the appeal process.\n\nYou may also be able to get free legal advice from Citizens Advice or help from Welfare Rights if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\n## Contact the tribunal\n\n## England and Wales\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\n## How to appeal\n\nYou may have to ask for permission to appeal - it depends on your case.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing a decision made by another tribunal\n\nYou must get permission to appeal.\n\nFirst ask the tribunal who made the decision for permission to appeal. You usually have to do this within 28 days of the decision - speak to that tribunal to find out the deadline.\n\nOnce you have permission, download and fill in the relevant appeal form. Send it to the address on the form within 1 month of getting permission.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission\n\nYou can ask the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) for permission directly using the relevant permission form. Send it to the address on the form within 1 month of being refused.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing a decision made by an organisation\n\nYou will not need to ask for permission to appeal (unless you\u2019re appealing a decision made by Disclosure and Barring Service).\n\nAppeal using the relevant appeal form and send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Appealing a Disclosure and Barring Service decision\n\nYou\u2019ll need to ask the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) for permission before you can appeal.\n\nUse the relevant permission form and send it to the address on the form.\n\n## How your case will be decided\n\nA judge will make a decision using:\n\n- your appeal form\n\n- the documents you\u2019ve provided\n\n- the documents used by the lower tribunal or organisation that decided your case\n\nThe decision will be sent to you by post.\n\n## Attending a hearing\n\nIn certain cases you may be asked to attend a hearing to present your case. You can also ask for a hearing when you apply - the judge will decide if it\u2019s necessary.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told the time and date of the hearing and where it\u2019s being held. You\u2019ll usually be told at least 14 days beforehand if there\u2019s going to be a hearing. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances or if all parties agree to a shorter notice period.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare and what documents you\u2019ll need to provide.\n\n## Getting a time extension\n\nYou may be able to get a time extension if you need more time to prepare - ask the judge.\n\nYou must have a good reason, for example you\u2019re having problems finding a document or you\u2019re ill.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal mistake made by the tribunal.\n\nGet legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.\n\n## Ask for permission\n\nYou must write to the tribunal and ask for permission before you appeal.\n\nYou must do this within one month of getting the decision (or 3 months for social security, child support, or war pensions and armed forces cases).\n\n## England and Wales\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nOnce you have permission, you should appeal to the relevant higher court:\n\n- The Court of Appeal in England and Wales\n\n- The Court of Session in Scotland\n\n- The Court of Appeal in Northern Ireland\n\nYou must do this within:\n\n- 28 days of being given permission (England and Wales)\n\n- 42 days of being given permission (Scotland)\n\n- 6 weeks of being given permission (Northern Ireland)\n\nYou may have to pay court fees and the other party\u2019s costs.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused permission\n\nYou can ask the relevant higher court for permission.\n\nYou must do this within 28 days of being refused permission in England and Wales.\n\nThe time limits are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland - contact the relevant tribunal office for details.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nSearch the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process set out in The Tribunal Procedure (Upper Tribunal) Rules 2008.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/administrative-appeals-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been hospitalised after suffering a cardiac arrest and i had a court hearing at the administrative appeal chamber on my war pension case.", + "original_question": "Can i ask for extension?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1717", + "question": "Scenario: I have received the decision to a employment tribunal. The decision was sent to me late, despite the decision being made 47 days ago.\n\nQuestion: Will I still be able to request an appeal knowing that the fault was not with me?\n\nDocument - Appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT):\n## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) if you think a legal mistake was made in an employment tribunal case.\n\nFor example, you could appeal if it:\n\n- got the law wrong\n\n- did not apply the correct law\n\n- did not follow the correct procedures and this affected the decision\n\n- had no evidence to support its decision\n\n- was unfairly biased towards the other party\n\nGet legal advice if you\u2019re unsure about this.\n\nEAT is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Before you appeal\n\nAsk the employment tribunal to send you the reasons for the decision, if you do not already have them. You can continue your appeal while you wait for them.\n\n## Help with your appeal\n\nRead the rules that EAT follows when making decisions.\n\nYou can also get free legal advice from Citizens Advice and Citizens Advice Scotland.\n\n## Contact EAT\n\nContact the enquiry line for more information.\n\nEAT public enquiry line\nTelephone: 020 7273 1041 (England and Wales) \nTelephone: 0131 225 3963 (Scotland)\nFind out about call charges\n\n## How to appeal\n\n- Read the full practice direction and appeal guidance.\n\n- Fill in the notice of appeal form.\n\n- Send the form, with the supporting documents listed on it, to the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) office.\n\nYou do not have to pay a fee to make an appeal.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 42 days of the date that either:\n\n- the decision was sent to you\n\n- the reasons were sent to you (but only if the Employment Tribunal did not provide reasons at the hearing or you asked for the reasons within 14 days of the decision being sent to you)\n\nYour appeal must arrive by 4pm on the final day.\n\nYou can ask for an appeal to be considered even if it\u2019s late, but extensions are rarely given, and you must have a good reason.\n\n## Where to send your appeal\n\nYou can send it by email. You must send any documents as attachments, and the email must be 10MB or less.\n\nYou can also send your appeal by fax or post.\n\n## For cases in England and Wales\n\n## For cases in Scotland\n\n## After you appeal\n\nEAT will decide if your case can go ahead. If it can, you may be asked to attend a hearing to present your case.\n\nIf your appeal cannot go ahead, you\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining why and whether you can appeal further.\n\n## The tribunal hearing\n\nYou may have to attend a hearing where you (or your representative) will present your case.\n\nThe Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) will decide if your appeal has been successful.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told the outcome of the case either at the end of the hearing or afterwards by letter.\n\n## Preparing for the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be asked when you\u2019re available to attend a hearing. In certain cases you may be told when a hearing will take place, but you\u2019ll be told at least 14 days beforehand. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what documents you need to send to EAT and to other parties.\n\nYou may be able to get free advice immediately before the hearing if you do not have a representative - ask EAT for details.\n\nYou cannot claim any expenses for going to a hearing.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll present your case - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The other party will present the case against you. You may be asked questions about your case.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou may be able to appeal to a higher court if you think there was a legal problem with the Employment Appeal Tribunal\u2019s (EAT\u2019s) decision.\n\nGet legal help or advice if you\u2019re not sure about this.\n\n## Ask permission to appeal\n\nYou must ask for permission before you appeal. You can either ask EAT or the higher court directly.\n\n## Asking EAT\n\nYou must ask within 7 days of receiving the decision (or within 42 days if the employment tribunal whose decision you are appealing was held in Scotland).\n\nYou can ask for permission on the day of your hearing (if you receive your decision on the day).\n\nYou must provide your grounds for appeal and the legal problem with the decision.\n\nIf you\u2019re refused permission, you can ask the higher court directly.\n\n## Asking the higher court\n\nYou can ask the Court of Appeal for permission. You must do this within 21 days of the date you were told you lost your case or were refused permission by EAT.\n\nIf the employment tribunal that made the initial decision was based in Scotland, ask the Court of Session for permission.\n\n## Appeal to the higher court\n\nYou can appeal to the Court of Appeal once you\u2019ve been given permission.\n\nIf the employment tribunal that made the initial decision was based in Scotland, you should appeal to the Court of Session.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the Employment Appeal Tribunal (EAT) must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Legislation\n\nEAT must follow the rules and process in the:\n\n- Employment Appeal Tribunal Rules 1993 (as amended)\n\n- Employment Tribunals Act 1996\n\nEAT has also issued a practice direction that provides more detailed guidance.\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nYou can search for decisions made in other EAT cases.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-employment-appeal-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have received the decision to a employment tribunal. The decision was sent to me late, despite the decision being made 47 days ago.", + "original_question": "Will I still be able to request an appeal knowing that the fault was not with me?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1719", + "question": "Scenario: My Uncle is scheduled for a police interview tomorrow and he is deaf . His inability places him at a disadvantage since he can't articulate and hear well .\n\nQuestion: Will uncle be helped at the police station?\n\nDocument - Disability rights:\n## Overview\n\nAs a disabled person, you have rights to protect you from discrimination. These rights cover most areas including:\n\n- employment\n\n- education\n\n- dealing with the police\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 and the United Nations (UN) Convention on disability rights help to enforce, protect and promote your rights.\n\n## Employment\n\nIt\u2019s against the law for employers to discriminate against you because of a disability. The Equality Act 2010 protects you and covers areas including:\n\n- application forms\n\n- interview arrangements\n\n- aptitude or proficiency tests\n\n- job offers\n\n- terms of employment, including pay\n\n- promotion, transfer and training opportunities\n\n- dismissal or redundancy\n\n- discipline and grievances\n\n## Reasonable adjustments in the workplace\n\nAn employer has to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to avoid you being put at a disadvantage compared to non-disabled people in the workplace. For example, adjusting your working hours or providing you with a special piece of equipment to help you do the job.\n\n## Recruitment\n\nAn employer who\u2019s recruiting staff may make limited enquiries about your health or disability.\n\nYou can only be asked about your health or disability:\n\n- to help decide if you can carry out a task that is an essential part of the work\n\n- to help find out if you can take part in an interview\n\n- to help decide if the interviewers need to make reasonable adjustments for you in a selection process\n\n- to help monitoring\n\n- if they want to increase the number of disabled people they employ\n\n- if they need to know for the purposes of national security checks\n\nYou may be asked whether you have a health condition or disability on an application form or in an interview. You need to think about whether the question is one that is allowed to be asked at that stage of recruitment.\n\n## Redundancy and retirement\n\nYou can\u2019t be chosen for redundancy just because you\u2019re disabled. The selection process for redundancy must be fair and balanced for all employees.\n\nYour employer cannot force you to retire if you become disabled.\n\n## Education\n\nIt\u2019s against the law for a school or other education provider to treat disabled students unfavourably. This includes:\n\n- direct discrimination, for example refusing admission to a student or excluding them because of disability\n\n- indirect discrimination, for example only providing application forms in one format that may not be accessible\n\n- discrimination arising from a disability, for example a disabled pupil is prevented from going outside at break time because it takes too long to get there\n\n- harassment, for example a teacher shouts at a disabled student for not paying attention when the student\u2019s disability stops them from easily concentrating\n\n- victimisation, for example suspending a disabled student because they\u2019ve complained about harassment\n\n## Reasonable adjustments\n\nAn education provider has a duty to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to make sure disabled students are not discriminated against. These changes could include providing extra support and aids (like specialist teachers or equipment).\n\nSchools are not subject to the reasonable adjustment duty to make alterations to physical features, like adding ramps. They must make the buildings accessible for their disabled pupils as part of their overall planning duties.\n\n## Special educational needs and disabilities (SEND)\n\nAll publicly funded pre-schools, nurseries, state schools and local authorities must try to identify and help assess children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND).\n\nIf a child has an an education, health and care (EHC) plan or a statement of special educational needs, these must be reviewed annually. From year 9 the child will get a full review to understand what support they will need to prepare them for adulthood.\n\n## Higher education\n\nAll universities and higher education colleges should have a person in charge of disability issues that you can talk to about the support they offer.\n\nYou can also ask local social services for an assessment to help with your day-to-day living needs.\n\n## Police\n\nIf you\u2019re being questioned or interviewed at a police station you have certain rights depending on your impairment.\n\n## Deaf, hearing-impaired or speech difficulties\n\nThe police should arrange for an interpreter to be present with you. The police can interview you without an interpreter if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.\n\n## Learning disabilities\n\nThe police should only interview someone who has a learning disability when a responsible person (referred to as an \u2018appropriate adult\u2019) is present. The appropriate adult should not work for the police and should have experience of people with learning disabilities. The police can interview you without an appropriate adult if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.\n\n## Right to medical treatment\n\nIf you\u2019re being kept in a police cell, you have the right to a medical examination by a healthcare worker. A healthcare worker may be a paramedic, nurse or a police surgeon (sometimes referred to as a \u2018Forensic Medical Examiner\u2019).\n\nIf you do not want to be examined by the healthcare worker provided, you could be examined by a general practitioner (GP) that you choose - if they\u2019re available. You may have to pay for this, and this payment will be noted down.\n\n## The Equality Act 2010 and UN Convention\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 protects you from discrimination. It provides legal rights for you in the areas of:\n\n- employment\n\n- education\n\n- access to goods, services and facilities\n\n- buying and renting land or property\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 also protects your rights if you have an association with a disabled person, for example a carer or parent.\n\nGet more information about the Equality Act 2010.\n\n## United Nations (UN) Convention on disability rights\n\nThe UN Convention on disability rights has been agreed by the UK to protect and promote the rights of disabled people.\n\nGet more information about the UN Convention on disability rights from the Office for Disability Issues.\n\n## Further help and advice\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs if you think you\u2019ve been discriminated against. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou can get advice and information on your rights from:\n\n- Equality Advisory Support Service\n\n- Disability Rights UK\n\n- Advicenow\n\n- Citizens Advice", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rights-disabled-person", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Uncle is scheduled for a police interview tomorrow and he is deaf . His inability places him at a disadvantage since he can't articulate and hear well .", + "original_question": "Will uncle be helped at the police station?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1722", + "question": "Scenario: I suffer from diabetic retinopathy and although I passed a medical driving test last year my eyesight has declined by a considerable amount during the last 12 months and I am unsure if I would pass now.\n\nQuestion: Can I wait until my next renewal and then notify DVLA?\n\nDocument - Medical conditions, disabilities and driving:\n## Telling DVLA about a medical condition or disability\n\nYou must tell DVLA if you have a driving licence and:\n\n- you develop a \u2018notifiable\u2019 medical condition or disability\n\n- a condition or disability has got worse since you got your licence\n\nNotifiable conditions are anything that could affect your ability to drive safely. They can include:\n\n- diabetes or taking insulin\n\n- syncope (fainting)\n\n- heart conditions (including atrial fibrillation and pacemakers)\n\n- sleep apnoea\n\n- epilepsy\n\n- strokes\n\n- glaucoma\n\n## How to tell DVLA\n\nCheck if you need to tell DVLA about your condition to find the forms or questionnaires you need. The address you need is on the forms.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland you must contact the Driver and Vehicle Agency (DVA).\n\nThere are different forms for different conditions and disabilities.\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure what to do.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA about a condition that might affect your ability to drive safely. You could also be prosecuted if you have an accident.\n\n## Surrendering your licence\n\nYou must surrender your licence to DVLA if any of the following are true:\n\n- your doctor tells you to stop driving for 3 months or more\n\n- your medical condition affects your ability to drive safely and lasts for 3 months or more\n\n- you do not meet the required standards for driving because of your medical condition\n\nYou can apply to get your licence back when you meet the medical standards for driving again.\n\n## First licence or renewal if you\u2019re 70 or over\n\nYou must also tell DVLA about notifiable conditions if you:\n\n- apply for your first licence\n\n- renew your licence (if you\u2019re 70 or over)\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for this information in your application form. You do not need to contact DVLA separately.\n\n## What happens after you tell DVLA\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks. You\u2019ll get a letter from DVLA if it\u2019s going to take longer.\n\nDVLA might:\n\n- contact your doctor or consultant\n\n- arrange for you to be examined\n\n- ask you to take a driving assessment, or an eyesight or driving test\n\nYou can usually keep driving while DVLA are considering your application.\n\nIf you\u2019ve told DVLA about a condition when applying to renew your licence, follow the guidance about driving that\u2019s in the form.\n\nContact DVLA if you need advice or to check on your case.\n\n## What DVLA will decide\n\nDVLA will assess your medical condition or disability and decide if:\n\n- you need to get a new driving licence\n\n- you can have a shorter licence - for 1, 2, 3 or 5 years\n\n- you need to adapt your car by fitting special controls\n\n- you must stop driving and give up your licence\n\n## You need to adapt your vehicle\n\nIf you\u2019ve been told that you must adapt your car, you get an independent assessment of your adaptation needs through Driving Mobility.\n\nFind out more about adapting your vehicle and where to get special controls fitted through the Research Institute for Disabled Consumers.\n\n## You must stop driving\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a medical reason why you must stop driving, and be told if and when you can reapply for your licence.\n\n## If you disagree with DVLA\u2019s decision\n\nYou can write to DVLA if you disagree with the decision to stop you driving. You must be able to provide relevant information that was not included in the original assessment.\n\nYou must also include:\n\n- proof that you meet the required standards for driving (these are explained in the decision letter DVLA sent you)\n\n- the reference number from your decision letter\n\nYou can also appeal the decision if you contact your local magistrate\u2019s court within 6 months, or your local sheriff\u2019s court in Scotland within 21 days.\n\nYou may want to get legal advice before you appeal - you might be able to get legal aid to pay for it.\n\nYou must tell DVLA in writing if you choose to appeal.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nYou can make a complaint if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you get from DVLA.\n\n## Renewing or reapplying for your licence\n\nHow you reapply for or renew your licence depends on if you had to give up your licence, or if you have a short-term licence.\n\n## You\u2019ve got a short-term licence\n\nDVLA will send you a renewal letter 90 days before your 1, 2, 3 or 5-year licence is due to expire.\n\nRenew your licence online, or send the renewal reminder back by post.\n\n## You gave up your licence and stopped driving\n\nThe letter DVLA sends you when your licence is taken away tells you if you have to wait before you can reapply.\n\nYou must check with your doctor that you\u2019re fit to drive before you reapply for your licence, if it was taken away because of a medical condition.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-medical-conditions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I suffer from diabetic retinopathy and although I passed a medical driving test last year my eyesight has declined by a considerable amount during the last 12 months and I am unsure if I would pass now.", + "original_question": "Can I wait until my next renewal and then notify DVLA?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1725", + "question": "Scenario: I am 72 years old, and last year I was advised by my GP to surrender my driving license due to my steadily declining eyesight (specifically, progressive night-blindness). I have since acquired a Class 3 invalid carriage (scooter) due to having problems walking.\n\nQuestion: Does my failing eyesight effect my entitlement to drive the scooter?\n\nDocument - Mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs: the rules:\n## Overview\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, but you may have to register it. Only certain types can be driven on the road. The law calls these types of vehicles \u2018invalid carriages\u2019.\n\nMobility scooters and powered wheelchairs come in 2 categories:\n\n- \u2018class 2 invalid carriages\u2019 - these cannot be used on the road (except where there is not a pavement) and have a maximum speed of 4mph\n\n- \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019 - these can be used on the road, and have a maximum speed of 4mph off the road, and 8mph on the road\n\nYou do not need to register a class 2 invalid carriage.\n\nYou must register class 3 invalid carriages.\n\nYou must be 14 or over to drive a class 3 invalid carriage.\n\n## Rules for class 3 invalid carriages\n\nThe law calls mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs that can be used on the road \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019. They must have the following features:\n\n- a maximum unladen weight of 150kg\n\n- a maximum width of 0.85 metres\n\n- a device to limit its speed to 4mph\n\n- a maximum speed of 8mph\n\n- an efficient braking system\n\n- front and rear lights and reflectors\n\n- direction indicators able to operate as a hazard warning signal\n\n- an audible horn\n\n- a rear view mirror\n\n- an amber flashing light if it\u2019s used on a dual carriageway\n\nYou could be stopped by the police if your class 3 invalid carriage does not have these features.\n\n## Driving on the road\n\nYou can only drive on the road in a class 3 invalid carriage. The maximum speed is 8mph.\n\nYou cannot drive on bus lanes, \u2018cycle only\u2019 lanes or motorways. Avoid using dual carriageways with a speed limit of over 50mph.\n\nYou must use an amber flashing light for visibility if you use a class 3 invalid carriage on a dual carriageway.\n\n## Road rules\n\nYou must follow the Highway Code if you drive your mobility scooter on the road.\n\n## Driving on footpaths and parking\n\nAll mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs can legally travel at a maximum of 4mph on footpaths or in pedestrian areas.\n\nYou cannot drive any type of mobility scooter or powered wheelchair on cycle paths marked \u2018cycle only\u2019.\n\n## Parking\n\nAll normal parking restrictions apply to mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs.\n\nYour vehicle should not be left on a footpath or pedestrian area on its own if it gets in the way of other pedestrians, including wheelchair users and people with prams or pushchairs.\n\n## Eyesight requirements\n\nThere is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).\n\nYou must check that you can still do this regularly.\n\nYou might have to pay compensation if you have an accident and poor eyesight was part of the cause.\n\n## Who can use them\n\nYou can only drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if you:\n\n- have trouble walking because of an injury, physical disability or medical condition\n\n- are demonstrating the vehicle before it\u2019s sold\n\n- are training a disabled user\n\n- are taking the vehicle to or from maintenance or repair\n\n## Vehicle tax, registration and insurance\n\nYou do not have to pay vehicle tax for any mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if it\u2019s registered as a \u2018class 3 invalid carriage\u2019.\n\nCheck whether a vehicle is registered as an \u2018invalid carriage\u2019 by asking the seller when you buy it.\n\n## Change the owner\u2019s details when you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair\n\nWhen you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, the seller will make you the \u2018registered keeper\u2019. This means the vehicle will be in your name. You\u2019ll get a new vehicle log book (V5C) in the post within 4 weeks of the sale.\n\nIf you do not get a new vehicle log book 4 weeks after the sale, fill in an \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019 (V62) and send it to DVLA.\n\n## Change your name or address\n\nIf you need to change your name or address, fill in section 6 of your vehicle log book and send it to DVLA.\n\n## If your mobility scooter or powered wheelchair is not a registered vehicle\n\nMost scooters and wheelchairs will already be registered by the dealer or manufacturer before you buy them.\n\nIf your vehicle is not registered, register it by filling in:\n\n- form V55/4 for new vehicles\n\n- form V55/5 for used vehicles\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou do not need insurance for a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, although it\u2019s recommended.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 72 years old, and last year I was advised by my GP to surrender my driving license due to my steadily declining eyesight (specifically, progressive night-blindness). I have since acquired a Class 3 invalid carriage (scooter) due to having problems walking.", + "original_question": "Does my failing eyesight effect my entitlement to drive the scooter?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1726", + "question": "Scenario: I live in England and have lost the use of my legs due to a serious accident at work. I have a powered wheelchair and would like to use this to visit my physiotherapist at the local medical centre, which has limited car parking spaces.\n\nQuestion: Am I allowed to park my wheelchair on the pavement, or does it need to go on the road?\n\nDocument - Mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs: the rules:\n## Overview\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, but you may have to register it. Only certain types can be driven on the road. The law calls these types of vehicles \u2018invalid carriages\u2019.\n\nMobility scooters and powered wheelchairs come in 2 categories:\n\n- \u2018class 2 invalid carriages\u2019 - these cannot be used on the road (except where there is not a pavement) and have a maximum speed of 4mph\n\n- \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019 - these can be used on the road, and have a maximum speed of 4mph off the road, and 8mph on the road\n\nYou do not need to register a class 2 invalid carriage.\n\nYou must register class 3 invalid carriages.\n\nYou must be 14 or over to drive a class 3 invalid carriage.\n\n## Rules for class 3 invalid carriages\n\nThe law calls mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs that can be used on the road \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019. They must have the following features:\n\n- a maximum unladen weight of 150kg\n\n- a maximum width of 0.85 metres\n\n- a device to limit its speed to 4mph\n\n- a maximum speed of 8mph\n\n- an efficient braking system\n\n- front and rear lights and reflectors\n\n- direction indicators able to operate as a hazard warning signal\n\n- an audible horn\n\n- a rear view mirror\n\n- an amber flashing light if it\u2019s used on a dual carriageway\n\nYou could be stopped by the police if your class 3 invalid carriage does not have these features.\n\n## Driving on the road\n\nYou can only drive on the road in a class 3 invalid carriage. The maximum speed is 8mph.\n\nYou cannot drive on bus lanes, \u2018cycle only\u2019 lanes or motorways. Avoid using dual carriageways with a speed limit of over 50mph.\n\nYou must use an amber flashing light for visibility if you use a class 3 invalid carriage on a dual carriageway.\n\n## Road rules\n\nYou must follow the Highway Code if you drive your mobility scooter on the road.\n\n## Driving on footpaths and parking\n\nAll mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs can legally travel at a maximum of 4mph on footpaths or in pedestrian areas.\n\nYou cannot drive any type of mobility scooter or powered wheelchair on cycle paths marked \u2018cycle only\u2019.\n\n## Parking\n\nAll normal parking restrictions apply to mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs.\n\nYour vehicle should not be left on a footpath or pedestrian area on its own if it gets in the way of other pedestrians, including wheelchair users and people with prams or pushchairs.\n\n## Eyesight requirements\n\nThere is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).\n\nYou must check that you can still do this regularly.\n\nYou might have to pay compensation if you have an accident and poor eyesight was part of the cause.\n\n## Who can use them\n\nYou can only drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if you:\n\n- have trouble walking because of an injury, physical disability or medical condition\n\n- are demonstrating the vehicle before it\u2019s sold\n\n- are training a disabled user\n\n- are taking the vehicle to or from maintenance or repair\n\n## Vehicle tax, registration and insurance\n\nYou do not have to pay vehicle tax for any mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if it\u2019s registered as a \u2018class 3 invalid carriage\u2019.\n\nCheck whether a vehicle is registered as an \u2018invalid carriage\u2019 by asking the seller when you buy it.\n\n## Change the owner\u2019s details when you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair\n\nWhen you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, the seller will make you the \u2018registered keeper\u2019. This means the vehicle will be in your name. You\u2019ll get a new vehicle log book (V5C) in the post within 4 weeks of the sale.\n\nIf you do not get a new vehicle log book 4 weeks after the sale, fill in an \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019 (V62) and send it to DVLA.\n\n## Change your name or address\n\nIf you need to change your name or address, fill in section 6 of your vehicle log book and send it to DVLA.\n\n## If your mobility scooter or powered wheelchair is not a registered vehicle\n\nMost scooters and wheelchairs will already be registered by the dealer or manufacturer before you buy them.\n\nIf your vehicle is not registered, register it by filling in:\n\n- form V55/4 for new vehicles\n\n- form V55/5 for used vehicles\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou do not need insurance for a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, although it\u2019s recommended.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in England and have lost the use of my legs due to a serious accident at work. I have a powered wheelchair and would like to use this to visit my physiotherapist at the local medical centre, which has limited car parking spaces.", + "original_question": "Am I allowed to park my wheelchair on the pavement, or does it need to go on the road?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1727", + "question": "Scenario: I am 48, live in England and hold a full driving license. I have recently been diagnosed with mild angina by my GP, but this is asymptomatic unless I am exercising vigorously.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to tell the DVLA about my angina?\n\nDocument - Medical conditions, disabilities and driving:\n## Telling DVLA about a medical condition or disability\n\nYou must tell DVLA if you have a driving licence and:\n\n- you develop a \u2018notifiable\u2019 medical condition or disability\n\n- a condition or disability has got worse since you got your licence\n\nNotifiable conditions are anything that could affect your ability to drive safely. They can include:\n\n- diabetes or taking insulin\n\n- syncope (fainting)\n\n- heart conditions (including atrial fibrillation and pacemakers)\n\n- sleep apnoea\n\n- epilepsy\n\n- strokes\n\n- glaucoma\n\n## How to tell DVLA\n\nCheck if you need to tell DVLA about your condition to find the forms or questionnaires you need. The address you need is on the forms.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland you must contact the Driver and Vehicle Agency (DVA).\n\nThere are different forms for different conditions and disabilities.\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure what to do.\n\nYou could be fined up to \u00a31,000 if you do not tell DVLA about a condition that might affect your ability to drive safely. You could also be prosecuted if you have an accident.\n\n## Surrendering your licence\n\nYou must surrender your licence to DVLA if any of the following are true:\n\n- your doctor tells you to stop driving for 3 months or more\n\n- your medical condition affects your ability to drive safely and lasts for 3 months or more\n\n- you do not meet the required standards for driving because of your medical condition\n\nYou can apply to get your licence back when you meet the medical standards for driving again.\n\n## First licence or renewal if you\u2019re 70 or over\n\nYou must also tell DVLA about notifiable conditions if you:\n\n- apply for your first licence\n\n- renew your licence (if you\u2019re 70 or over)\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked for this information in your application form. You do not need to contact DVLA separately.\n\n## What happens after you tell DVLA\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 weeks. You\u2019ll get a letter from DVLA if it\u2019s going to take longer.\n\nDVLA might:\n\n- contact your doctor or consultant\n\n- arrange for you to be examined\n\n- ask you to take a driving assessment, or an eyesight or driving test\n\nYou can usually keep driving while DVLA are considering your application.\n\nIf you\u2019ve told DVLA about a condition when applying to renew your licence, follow the guidance about driving that\u2019s in the form.\n\nContact DVLA if you need advice or to check on your case.\n\n## What DVLA will decide\n\nDVLA will assess your medical condition or disability and decide if:\n\n- you need to get a new driving licence\n\n- you can have a shorter licence - for 1, 2, 3 or 5 years\n\n- you need to adapt your car by fitting special controls\n\n- you must stop driving and give up your licence\n\n## You need to adapt your vehicle\n\nIf you\u2019ve been told that you must adapt your car, you get an independent assessment of your adaptation needs through Driving Mobility.\n\nFind out more about adapting your vehicle and where to get special controls fitted through the Research Institute for Disabled Consumers.\n\n## You must stop driving\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a medical reason why you must stop driving, and be told if and when you can reapply for your licence.\n\n## If you disagree with DVLA\u2019s decision\n\nYou can write to DVLA if you disagree with the decision to stop you driving. You must be able to provide relevant information that was not included in the original assessment.\n\nYou must also include:\n\n- proof that you meet the required standards for driving (these are explained in the decision letter DVLA sent you)\n\n- the reference number from your decision letter\n\nYou can also appeal the decision if you contact your local magistrate\u2019s court within 6 months, or your local sheriff\u2019s court in Scotland within 21 days.\n\nYou may want to get legal advice before you appeal - you might be able to get legal aid to pay for it.\n\nYou must tell DVLA in writing if you choose to appeal.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nYou can make a complaint if you\u2019re unhappy with the service you get from DVLA.\n\n## Renewing or reapplying for your licence\n\nHow you reapply for or renew your licence depends on if you had to give up your licence, or if you have a short-term licence.\n\n## You\u2019ve got a short-term licence\n\nDVLA will send you a renewal letter 90 days before your 1, 2, 3 or 5-year licence is due to expire.\n\nRenew your licence online, or send the renewal reminder back by post.\n\n## You gave up your licence and stopped driving\n\nThe letter DVLA sends you when your licence is taken away tells you if you have to wait before you can reapply.\n\nYou must check with your doctor that you\u2019re fit to drive before you reapply for your licence, if it was taken away because of a medical condition.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-medical-conditions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 48, live in England and hold a full driving license. I have recently been diagnosed with mild angina by my GP, but this is asymptomatic unless I am exercising vigorously.", + "original_question": "Do I need to tell the DVLA about my angina?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1730", + "question": "Scenario: I am 43, live in England and have a 17 year old daughter who wishes to learn to drive. I have been driving for nearly 25 years myself, and have a car which should be easily manageable by a learner.\n\nQuestion: Is it permissible for her to practice in our family car, as long as I am present to supervise her and have arranged suitable insurance?\n\nDocument - Driving lessons and learning to drive:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a provisional driving licence when you\u2019re 15 years and 9 months old.\n\nYou can start driving a car when you\u2019re 17.\n\nYou can drive a car when you are 16 if you get, or have applied for, the enhanced rate of the mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP).\n\nCheck which vehicles you can learn to drive.\n\n## Learning to drive during coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can take driving lessons anywhere in the UK.\n\nYou and any passengers should wear a face covering, unless you\u2019re exempt.\n\nIn Scotland, you can be fined if you do not wear a face covering during a driving lesson.\n\nCheck the rules for practising with friends and family.\n\n## If you\u2019re learning to drive in Scotland\n\nYou and the person teaching you to drive must wear face coverings during driving lessons and practice sessions in Scotland.\n\nIf you do not wear a face covering, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\n- you and the person teaching you live in the same household\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou can be fined \u00a360 if you do not wear a face covering during a driving lesson in Scotland. This will be reduced to \u00a330 if you pay within 28 days.\n\n## Rules for learning to drive\n\nYou must have a provisional driving licence for Great Britain or Northern Ireland when you\u2019re learning to drive or ride.\n\nYou must be supervised when you\u2019re learning to drive a car. This can be by a driving instructor or someone else who meets the rules, for example family or friends.\n\nThe car you learn in must display \u2018L\u2019 plates.\n\nYou can drive at any time, day and night.\n\nYou can only drive on motorways if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re driving in England, Scotland or Wales\n\n- you\u2019re with an approved driving instructor\n\n- the car is fitted with dual controls\n\n## Speed limits\n\nIn England, Scotland and Wales the speed limits when driving with \u2018L\u2019 plates are the same as when you\u2019ve passed your test.\n\nIn Northern Ireland the speed limit is 45 miles per hour when you\u2019re learning to drive a car.\n\n## Taking driving lessons\n\nAnyone you pay to teach you to drive must be either:\n\n- a qualified and approved driving instructor (ADI)\n\n- a trainee driving instructor\n\nYou can find your nearest driving instructors.\n\nThere are different rules in Northern Ireland for choosing an instructor.\n\nInstructors set their own prices for driving lessons - there\u2019s no minimum or maximum cost.\n\n## Check your instructor\u2019s badge\n\nInstructors have to display a badge in their windscreen to prove they\u2019re registered with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). They display:\n\n- a green badge if they\u2019re a qualified driving instructor\n\n- a pink badge if they\u2019re a trainee\n\nYou can report someone to DVSA if they charge for driving lessons and are not a qualified driving instructor or trainee.\n\n## Driving lessons\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have or hours you must practise driving.\n\nHow many lessons you need will depend on how quickly you learn. You can download a form to record your progress with your instructor.\n\nYou can complain about a driving instructor if you\u2019re not happy with their service or behaviour.\n\n## Practising with family or friends\n\nIn England, you can practice driving with family or friends, but this is restricted to groups of no more than 6 people, or 2 households. Follow the rules for car sharing in the coronavirus (COVID-19) travel guidance.\n\nIn Scotland, there are different rules depending on which area level you are in, but you are legally required to wear a face covering unless you are exempt. Read the guidance on driving lessons in Scotland.\n\nIn Wales, you can practice driving with people you live with or those within your support bubble. You do not need to stay in your local council area.\n\nAnyone you practise your driving with (without paying them) must:\n\n- be over 21\n\n- be qualified to drive the type of vehicle you want to learn in, for example they must have a manual car licence if they\u2019re supervising you in a manual car\n\n- have had their full driving licence for 3 years (from the UK, the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein)\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 and get up to 6 penalty points on your provisional licence if you drive without the right supervision.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal for your friend or family member to use a mobile phone while supervising you.\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou need your own insurance as a learner driver if you\u2019re practising in a car you own. Your family member or friend will usually be covered on this.\n\nIf you\u2019re practising in someone else\u2019s car, you need to make sure their insurance policy covers you as a learner driver.\n\nSome insurance companies require the person supervising you to be over 25 years old.\n\nYou can get an unlimited fine, be banned from driving and get up to 8 penalty points for driving without insurance.\n\n## Recording your practice\n\nYou can download a form to record any practice you do without your driving instructor.\n\n## Using 'L' and 'P' plates\n\nYou must put an L plate on the front and back of your vehicle so they can be seen easily.\n\nIn Wales, you can use a D plate instead.\n\nAn L plate or D plate must:\n\n- have a red L or D on a white background\n\n- be the right size\n\nYou can get up to 6 penalty points if you do not display an L plate or if it\u2019s not the right size.\n\nYou should take L plates off your vehicle when it\u2019s not being used by a learner.\n\n## P plates\n\nYou can display green \u2018probationary\u2019 P plates to show that you\u2019ve just passed your driving test. You do not have to display them. You can leave them on your vehicle for as long as you like.\n\nIn Northern Ireland you must use \u2018R\u2019 plates (restricted driver plates) for one year after you pass your test.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-lessons-learning-to-drive", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 43, live in England and have a 17 year old daughter who wishes to learn to drive. I have been driving for nearly 25 years myself, and have a car which should be easily manageable by a learner.", + "original_question": "Is it permissible for her to practice in our family car, as long as I am present to supervise her and have arranged suitable insurance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1731", + "question": "Scenario: I live in Southern England, and own, drive and insure a motor car. The nature of my job requires me to make periodic business trips to the mainland of Europe.\n\nQuestion: If I take my car to France, will my UK insurance provide the basic third-part cover required by French Law?\n\nDocument - Vehicle insurance:\n## Overview\n\nYou must have motor insurance to drive your vehicle on UK roads.\n\nThird party insurance is the legal minimum. This means you\u2019re covered if you have an accident causing damage or injury to any other person, vehicle, animal or property. It does not cover any other costs like repair to your own vehicle.\n\nYou may want to use an insurance broker.\n\n## If you\u2019re in an accident\n\nIf you have an accident causing damage or injury you must give the following to anyone with \u2018reasonable grounds for requiring them\u2019, for example an insurance company:\n\n- your name and address\n\n- the vehicle registration number\n\nYou also need to give the owner\u2019s name and address if the vehicle is not yours.\n\nYou must report the accident to the police within 24 hours if you do not give your details at the time of the accident.\n\nYou must also report the accident to your insurance company, even if you\u2019re not planning to make a claim.\n\n## Accidents with uninsured motorists\n\nYou should tell the police if you have an accident with someone who\u2019s not insured.\n\nYour insurance company will also be able to give you more advice.\n\nYou might also be able to get compensation if you\u2019re the victim of an uninsured or hit and run driver.\n\n## Driving abroad\n\n## If you\u2019re driving in most European countries\n\nAll UK vehicle insurance provides the minimum third party cover to drive in:\n\n- the EU (including Ireland)\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Iceland\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Norway\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Switzerland\n\nCheck with your insurer if your policy has extra cover for things like theft or damage to your car abroad.\n\nYou also need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 to drive your vehicle in these countries.\n\n## If you\u2019re driving in the rest of the world\n\nYou may need to carry a green card to prove you have the minimum insurance cover required by the country you\u2019re driving in.\n\nYou may also need additional insurance for your vehicle, trailer or caravan. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re going to.\n\n## Getting a green card from your insurer\n\nA green card is proof that you have vehicle insurance when driving abroad.\n\nContact your insurer to get one for your vehicle. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- post you a green card - allow up to 6 weeks\n\n- tell you how to download a green card to print yourself\n\nYou will need to carry extra green cards if:\n\n- you\u2019re towing a trailer or caravan (one for the towing vehicle and one for the trailer or caravan)\n\n- you have 2 insurance policies covering your trip (one card for each policy)\n\n- you have multi-car or fleet insurance (one for each vehicle on the policy)\n\n## Showing your green card when driving abroad\n\nYou must show your green card if you\u2019re involved in an accident.\n\nYou may have to show your green card:\n\n- at the border when moving between countries\n\n- if you\u2019re stopped by the police\n\n## Uninsured vehicles\n\n## Rules in England, Wales and Scotland\n\nYou must have motor insurance for your vehicle if you use it on roads and in public places.\n\nYou do not need to insure your vehicle if it is kept off the road and declared as off the road (SORN). This rule is called \u2018continuous insurance enforcement\u2019.\n\nIf not, you could:\n\n- get a fixed penalty of \u00a3100\n\n- have your vehicle wheel-clamped, impounded or destroyed\n\n- face a court prosecution, with a possible maximum fine of \u00a31,000\n\nIt does not matter who is driving the car - if you\u2019re the registered keeper, you could get penalised.\n\nYou will also still have to pay for your insurance on top of any fines received.\n\nYou can check if your vehicle is insured on askMID.\n\n## Motor traders - exceptions\n\nIf a vehicle is between registered keepers or registered as \u2018in trade\u2019 with the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), it is excluded from continuous insurance enforcement.\n\nVehicles you keep for your own use are not excluded.\n\n## Rules in Northern Ireland\n\nThere are different rules for vehicle insurance in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Driving without insurance\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to drive a vehicle on a road or in a public place without at least 3rd party insurance.\n\nEven if the vehicle itself is insured, if you\u2019re not correctly insured to drive it you could get penalised.\n\n## Penalties for uninsured drivers:\n\nThe police could give you a fixed penalty of \u00a3300 and 6 penalty points if you\u2019re caught driving a vehicle you\u2019re not insured to drive.\n\nIf the case goes to court you could get:\n\n- an unlimited fine\n\n- disqualified from driving\n\nThe police also have the power to seize, and in some cases, destroy the vehicle that\u2019s being driven uninsured.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in Southern England, and own, drive and insure a motor car. The nature of my job requires me to make periodic business trips to the mainland of Europe.", + "original_question": "If I take my car to France, will my UK insurance provide the basic third-part cover required by French Law?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1732", + "question": "Scenario: I live in Scotland and am a licensed motor trader by profession. In addition to my own vehicle I typically have 3-5 other vehicles which are awaiting buyers in my possession at any given time, and I register these as \"in trade\" with the DVLA.\n\nQuestion: Am I required by law to insure these vehicles that I own only for trading purposes?\n\nDocument - Vehicle insurance:\n## Overview\n\nYou must have motor insurance to drive your vehicle on UK roads.\n\nThird party insurance is the legal minimum. This means you\u2019re covered if you have an accident causing damage or injury to any other person, vehicle, animal or property. It does not cover any other costs like repair to your own vehicle.\n\nYou may want to use an insurance broker.\n\n## If you\u2019re in an accident\n\nIf you have an accident causing damage or injury you must give the following to anyone with \u2018reasonable grounds for requiring them\u2019, for example an insurance company:\n\n- your name and address\n\n- the vehicle registration number\n\nYou also need to give the owner\u2019s name and address if the vehicle is not yours.\n\nYou must report the accident to the police within 24 hours if you do not give your details at the time of the accident.\n\nYou must also report the accident to your insurance company, even if you\u2019re not planning to make a claim.\n\n## Accidents with uninsured motorists\n\nYou should tell the police if you have an accident with someone who\u2019s not insured.\n\nYour insurance company will also be able to give you more advice.\n\nYou might also be able to get compensation if you\u2019re the victim of an uninsured or hit and run driver.\n\n## Driving abroad\n\n## If you\u2019re driving in most European countries\n\nAll UK vehicle insurance provides the minimum third party cover to drive in:\n\n- the EU (including Ireland)\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Iceland\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Norway\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Switzerland\n\nCheck with your insurer if your policy has extra cover for things like theft or damage to your car abroad.\n\nYou also need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 to drive your vehicle in these countries.\n\n## If you\u2019re driving in the rest of the world\n\nYou may need to carry a green card to prove you have the minimum insurance cover required by the country you\u2019re driving in.\n\nYou may also need additional insurance for your vehicle, trailer or caravan. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re going to.\n\n## Getting a green card from your insurer\n\nA green card is proof that you have vehicle insurance when driving abroad.\n\nContact your insurer to get one for your vehicle. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- post you a green card - allow up to 6 weeks\n\n- tell you how to download a green card to print yourself\n\nYou will need to carry extra green cards if:\n\n- you\u2019re towing a trailer or caravan (one for the towing vehicle and one for the trailer or caravan)\n\n- you have 2 insurance policies covering your trip (one card for each policy)\n\n- you have multi-car or fleet insurance (one for each vehicle on the policy)\n\n## Showing your green card when driving abroad\n\nYou must show your green card if you\u2019re involved in an accident.\n\nYou may have to show your green card:\n\n- at the border when moving between countries\n\n- if you\u2019re stopped by the police\n\n## Uninsured vehicles\n\n## Rules in England, Wales and Scotland\n\nYou must have motor insurance for your vehicle if you use it on roads and in public places.\n\nYou do not need to insure your vehicle if it is kept off the road and declared as off the road (SORN). This rule is called \u2018continuous insurance enforcement\u2019.\n\nIf not, you could:\n\n- get a fixed penalty of \u00a3100\n\n- have your vehicle wheel-clamped, impounded or destroyed\n\n- face a court prosecution, with a possible maximum fine of \u00a31,000\n\nIt does not matter who is driving the car - if you\u2019re the registered keeper, you could get penalised.\n\nYou will also still have to pay for your insurance on top of any fines received.\n\nYou can check if your vehicle is insured on askMID.\n\n## Motor traders - exceptions\n\nIf a vehicle is between registered keepers or registered as \u2018in trade\u2019 with the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), it is excluded from continuous insurance enforcement.\n\nVehicles you keep for your own use are not excluded.\n\n## Rules in Northern Ireland\n\nThere are different rules for vehicle insurance in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Driving without insurance\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to drive a vehicle on a road or in a public place without at least 3rd party insurance.\n\nEven if the vehicle itself is insured, if you\u2019re not correctly insured to drive it you could get penalised.\n\n## Penalties for uninsured drivers:\n\nThe police could give you a fixed penalty of \u00a3300 and 6 penalty points if you\u2019re caught driving a vehicle you\u2019re not insured to drive.\n\nIf the case goes to court you could get:\n\n- an unlimited fine\n\n- disqualified from driving\n\nThe police also have the power to seize, and in some cases, destroy the vehicle that\u2019s being driven uninsured.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vehicle-insurance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in Scotland and am a licensed motor trader by profession. In addition to my own vehicle I typically have 3-5 other vehicles which are awaiting buyers in my possession at any given time, and I register these as \"in trade\" with the DVLA.", + "original_question": "Am I required by law to insure these vehicles that I own only for trading purposes?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1734", + "question": "Scenario: I am 11 and have just moved to a new area with my parents, who are looking for a new secondary school for me to join in Year 7. I have mild dyslexia, but have not been classified as SEND up to this point.\n\nQuestion: Does the provision of specialist teachers fall under the school's \"reasonable adjustments\" duty?\n\nDocument - Disability rights:\n## Overview\n\nAs a disabled person, you have rights to protect you from discrimination. These rights cover most areas including:\n\n- employment\n\n- education\n\n- dealing with the police\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 and the United Nations (UN) Convention on disability rights help to enforce, protect and promote your rights.\n\n## Employment\n\nIt\u2019s against the law for employers to discriminate against you because of a disability. The Equality Act 2010 protects you and covers areas including:\n\n- application forms\n\n- interview arrangements\n\n- aptitude or proficiency tests\n\n- job offers\n\n- terms of employment, including pay\n\n- promotion, transfer and training opportunities\n\n- dismissal or redundancy\n\n- discipline and grievances\n\n## Reasonable adjustments in the workplace\n\nAn employer has to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to avoid you being put at a disadvantage compared to non-disabled people in the workplace. For example, adjusting your working hours or providing you with a special piece of equipment to help you do the job.\n\n## Recruitment\n\nAn employer who\u2019s recruiting staff may make limited enquiries about your health or disability.\n\nYou can only be asked about your health or disability:\n\n- to help decide if you can carry out a task that is an essential part of the work\n\n- to help find out if you can take part in an interview\n\n- to help decide if the interviewers need to make reasonable adjustments for you in a selection process\n\n- to help monitoring\n\n- if they want to increase the number of disabled people they employ\n\n- if they need to know for the purposes of national security checks\n\nYou may be asked whether you have a health condition or disability on an application form or in an interview. You need to think about whether the question is one that is allowed to be asked at that stage of recruitment.\n\n## Redundancy and retirement\n\nYou can\u2019t be chosen for redundancy just because you\u2019re disabled. The selection process for redundancy must be fair and balanced for all employees.\n\nYour employer cannot force you to retire if you become disabled.\n\n## Education\n\nIt\u2019s against the law for a school or other education provider to treat disabled students unfavourably. This includes:\n\n- direct discrimination, for example refusing admission to a student or excluding them because of disability\n\n- indirect discrimination, for example only providing application forms in one format that may not be accessible\n\n- discrimination arising from a disability, for example a disabled pupil is prevented from going outside at break time because it takes too long to get there\n\n- harassment, for example a teacher shouts at a disabled student for not paying attention when the student\u2019s disability stops them from easily concentrating\n\n- victimisation, for example suspending a disabled student because they\u2019ve complained about harassment\n\n## Reasonable adjustments\n\nAn education provider has a duty to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to make sure disabled students are not discriminated against. These changes could include providing extra support and aids (like specialist teachers or equipment).\n\nSchools are not subject to the reasonable adjustment duty to make alterations to physical features, like adding ramps. They must make the buildings accessible for their disabled pupils as part of their overall planning duties.\n\n## Special educational needs and disabilities (SEND)\n\nAll publicly funded pre-schools, nurseries, state schools and local authorities must try to identify and help assess children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND).\n\nIf a child has an an education, health and care (EHC) plan or a statement of special educational needs, these must be reviewed annually. From year 9 the child will get a full review to understand what support they will need to prepare them for adulthood.\n\n## Higher education\n\nAll universities and higher education colleges should have a person in charge of disability issues that you can talk to about the support they offer.\n\nYou can also ask local social services for an assessment to help with your day-to-day living needs.\n\n## Police\n\nIf you\u2019re being questioned or interviewed at a police station you have certain rights depending on your impairment.\n\n## Deaf, hearing-impaired or speech difficulties\n\nThe police should arrange for an interpreter to be present with you. The police can interview you without an interpreter if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.\n\n## Learning disabilities\n\nThe police should only interview someone who has a learning disability when a responsible person (referred to as an \u2018appropriate adult\u2019) is present. The appropriate adult should not work for the police and should have experience of people with learning disabilities. The police can interview you without an appropriate adult if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.\n\n## Right to medical treatment\n\nIf you\u2019re being kept in a police cell, you have the right to a medical examination by a healthcare worker. A healthcare worker may be a paramedic, nurse or a police surgeon (sometimes referred to as a \u2018Forensic Medical Examiner\u2019).\n\nIf you do not want to be examined by the healthcare worker provided, you could be examined by a general practitioner (GP) that you choose - if they\u2019re available. You may have to pay for this, and this payment will be noted down.\n\n## The Equality Act 2010 and UN Convention\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 protects you from discrimination. It provides legal rights for you in the areas of:\n\n- employment\n\n- education\n\n- access to goods, services and facilities\n\n- buying and renting land or property\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 also protects your rights if you have an association with a disabled person, for example a carer or parent.\n\nGet more information about the Equality Act 2010.\n\n## United Nations (UN) Convention on disability rights\n\nThe UN Convention on disability rights has been agreed by the UK to protect and promote the rights of disabled people.\n\nGet more information about the UN Convention on disability rights from the Office for Disability Issues.\n\n## Further help and advice\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs if you think you\u2019ve been discriminated against. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou can get advice and information on your rights from:\n\n- Equality Advisory Support Service\n\n- Disability Rights UK\n\n- Advicenow\n\n- Citizens Advice", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rights-disabled-person", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 11 and have just moved to a new area with my parents, who are looking for a new secondary school for me to join in Year 7. I have mild dyslexia, but have not been classified as SEND up to this point.", + "original_question": "Does the provision of specialist teachers fall under the school's \"reasonable adjustments\" duty?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1735", + "question": "Scenario: I am 21 and live in London. I passed my driving test and received my license 3 months ago. I own a car, and am now shopping around for car insurance.\n\nQuestion: Can taking the Pass Plus course get me a discount on my car insurance?\n\nDocument - Pass Plus:\n## Overview\n\nPass Plus is a practical training course that takes at least 6 hours and is for drivers to improve their skills and drive more safely.\n\nIt can be taken at any time although it should be most useful to new drivers in the year after passing their test.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Pass Plus registered approved driving instructor (ADI) to teach you.\n\nIt may help you get a car insurance discount if you successfully complete the course.\n\n## Booking Pass Plus\n\nYou need to book Pass Plus with an approved driving instructor (ADI) who is registered with Pass Plus.\n\nYou can contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to check if an instructor is registered with Pass Plus. You\u2019ll need their name and ADI number.\n\n## Fees\n\nPass Plus fees depend on where you live, the instructor or driving school and how long your training takes.\n\nSome local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs.\n\n## Local councils offering discounts\n\nSome local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs\n\nContact your borough, town, city or county council if they are listed to see if they can help you with the cost of your training.\n\nYou must live in the council\u2019s area to be eligible for the discount.\n\n## East Midlands\n\n## North-west\n\n## South-east\n\n## South-west\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\nAll local councils in Wales offer discounted Pass Plus courses. Go to Pass Plus Cymru for more information.\n\n## How Pass Plus training works\n\nPass Plus training takes at least 6 hours. It has 6 modules, covering driving:\n\n- in town\n\n- in all weathers\n\n- on rural roads\n\n- at night\n\n- on dual carriageways\n\n- on motorways\n\nAll modules should be practical sessions, although local conditions may mean some are theory based. You\u2019ll normally spend at least 5.5 hours driving.\n\nYou will not take a test but you\u2019ll be assessed throughout the course. To pass you\u2019ll have to reach the required standard in all modules.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) Pass Plus team for more information.\n\n## Apply for a Pass Plus certificate\n\nYou must apply for your own Pass Plus certificate if you want one.\n\nYou need a certificate if you want a discount on your car insurance.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a training report form from your instructor when you\u2019ve reached the required standard in all modules. You and your instructor must sign the form.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) Pass Plus team to apply for your certificate.\n\n## Car insurance discounts\n\nOnce you\u2019ve completed Pass Plus you may be able to get a car insurance discount. You\u2019ll need your Pass Plus certificate.\n\nCheck with insurers that you can still get a discount if you passed your practical driving test more than a year ago.\n\nThe amount of discount depends on the insurance company. Not all insurers offer Pass Plus discounts.\n\nYou might be able to put the discount on hold for up to 2 years if you do not have a car at the moment - check with the insurance company first.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 21 and live in London. I passed my driving test and received my license 3 months ago. I own a car, and am now shopping around for car insurance.", + "original_question": "Can taking the Pass Plus course get me a discount on my car insurance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1738", + "question": "Scenario: I own a 2017-registered VW Passat, whose MOT certificate and road tax both expire at the end of next week. I took it to be tested this morning, and it unfortunately failed due to a single \"major\" fault. To make matters worse, the garage at which it was tested isn't able to carry out the necessary repair work before the date of MOT expiry.\n\nQuestion: Can I legally drive the car to another garage for immediate repair?\n\nDocument - Getting an MOT:\n## When to get an MOT\n\nThe MOT test checks that your vehicle meets road safety and environmental standards.\n\nYou must get an MOT for your vehicle by either:\n\n- the third anniversary of its registration\n\n- the anniversary of its last MOT, if it\u2019s over 3 years old\n\nSome vehicles need to be tested at one year old - check the MOT fees table to see which.\n\nFind out how to check your MOT expiry date.\n\nThere are different rules and processes in Northern Ireland for MOTs for vehicles registered in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19): getting an MOT\n\nYou need to get an MOT for your vehicle as usual.\n\nDo not take your vehicle to an MOT centre in person if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has coronavirus\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## If you cannot take your vehicle in person\n\nSome MOT centres will collect your vehicle for the MOT and then return it. Contact an MOT centre to see if this service is available.\n\nYou can also get someone else to take your vehicle into a test centre if you insure them on your vehicle.\n\nIf you cannot get your vehicle collected or taken in for you, you must wait until you\u2019re no longer self-isolating to take it into a test centre.\n\n## If the MOT has run out\n\n- If your tax is due to run out, register your vehicle as \u2018off the road\u2019 - you cannot renew your vehicle tax if your MOT has expired.\n\n- Book an MOT test.\n\n- Tax your vehicle once it has passed its MOT.\n\nYou cannot drive or park your vehicle on the road if the MOT has run out. You can be prosecuted if caught.\n\nThe only exceptions are to drive it:\n\n- to or from somewhere to be repaired\n\n- to a pre-arranged MOT test\n\n## Earliest date you can get an MOT\n\nAn MOT lasts for a year. The date it runs out is printed on your current MOT pass certificate.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a31,000 for driving a vehicle without a valid MOT.\n\nYou can get an MOT up to a month (minus a day) before it runs out and keep the same renewal date.\n\nYou can get an MOT earlier, but the renewal date for the following year will change to one year (minus a day) from the date the vehicle last passed its MOT.\n\n## Booking an MOT\n\nYou must use an approved MOT test centre to get your MOT.\n\nOnly centres showing the blue sign with 3 white triangles can carry out your MOT.\n\n## How you can book\n\nContact an MOT centre to book an MOT.\n\nThere are maximum fees that the MOT centre can charge.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process to book an MOT in Northern Ireland.\n\n## MOT costs\n\nThere\u2019s a maximum amount MOT test stations can charge. This depends on the type of vehicle.\n\nThe maximum fee for a car is \u00a354.85 and \u00a329.65 for a standard motorcycle.\n\nYou do not pay VAT on the fee.\n\n| | Vehicle class | Age first MOT needed (years) | Maximum MOT fee |\n\n| Motorcycle (engine size up to 200cc) | 1 | 3 | \u00a329.65 |\n\n| Motorcycle with sidecar (engine size up to 200cc) | 1 | 3 | \u00a337.80 |\n\n| Motorcycle (engine size over 200cc) | 2 | 3 | \u00a329.65 |\n\n| Motorcycle with sidecar (engine size over 200cc) | 2 | 3 | \u00a337.80 |\n\n| 3-wheeled vehicles (up to 450kg unladen weight) | 3 | 3 | \u00a337.80 |\n\n| 3-wheeled vehicles (over 450kg unladen weight) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Cars (up to 8 passenger seats) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Motor caravans | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Quads (max unladen weight 400kg - for goods vehicles 550kg and max net power of 15kw) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Dual purpose vehicles | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Private hire and public service vehicles (up to 8 seats) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Ambulances and taxis | 4 | 1 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (9 to 12 passenger seats) | 4 | 1 | \u00a357.30 |\n\n| Goods vehicles (up to 3,000kg design gross weight) | 4 | 3 | \u00a354.85 |\n\n| Class 4 vehicles (9 to 12 passenger seats) with a seat belt installation check | 4a | n/a | \u00a364 |\n\n| Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (13 to 16 passenger seats) | 5 | 1 | \u00a359.55 |\n\n| Private passenger vehicles and ambulances (more than 16 passenger seats) | 5 | 1 | \u00a380.65 |\n\n| Playbuses | 5 | 1 | \u00a380.65 |\n\n| Class 5 vehicles (13 to 16 passenger seats) with a seatbelt installation check | 5a | n/a | \u00a380.50 |\n\n| Class 5 vehicles (more than 16 passenger seats) with a seatbelt installation check | 5a | n/a | \u00a3124.50 |\n\n| Goods vehicles (over 3,000kg up to 3,500kg design gross weight) | 7 | 3 | \u00a358.60 |\n\n## How the MOT test works\n\nDuring the MOT, important parts on your vehicle will be checked to make sure they meet the legal standards.\n\nYou can watch the test from a viewing area but you\u2019re not allowed to interrupt the tester.\n\n## Parts that are tested\n\nYou can read more about what\u2019s tested for cars and motorcycles.\n\nThe test does not cover the condition of the engine, clutch or gearbox.\n\nThe MOT guide and inspection manuals tell you everything that\u2019s tested.\n\n## MOT test result\n\nYour vehicle can either pass or fail the MOT.\n\n## Passing the MOT\n\nIf your vehicle passes the MOT:\n\n- you\u2019ll get an MOT certificate from the test centre\n\n- it will be recorded in the MOT database\n\nYou might also get a list of \u2018minor\u2019 or \u2018advisory\u2019 problems to monitor or fix in the future.\n\n## Failing the MOT\n\nYour vehicle will fail if the test result lists \u2018dangerous\u2019 or \u2018major\u2019 problems with your vehicle. You might not be allowed to drive until you fix the problems.\n\nYou might also get a list of \u2018minor\u2019 or \u2018advisory\u2019 problems to monitor or fix in the future.\n\nIf your vehicle fails the MOT:\n\n- you\u2019ll get a \u2018refusal of an MOT test certificate\u2019 from the test centre\n\n- it will be recorded in the MOT database\n\nYou can appeal the result if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## Driving a vehicle that\u2019s failed\n\nYou can take your vehicle away if:\n\n- your current MOT certificate is still valid\n\n- no \u2018dangerous\u2019 problems were listed in the MOT\n\nOtherwise, you\u2019ll need to get it repaired before you can drive.\n\nIf you can take your vehicle away, it must still meet the minimum standards of roadworthiness at all times.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a32,500, be banned from driving and get 3 penalty points for driving a vehicle that has failed its MOT because of a \u2018dangerous\u2019 problem.\n\n## Retest after a repair\n\nIn some cases your vehicle can have a partial retest for free or a reduced MOT fee.\n\n## Leaving your vehicle for repair\n\nYou only need a partial retest if you leave the vehicle at the test centre for repair and it\u2019s retested within 10 working days. There\u2019s no fee for this.\n\n## Taking your vehicle away for repairs\n\nYou can take your vehicle away if your MOT certificate is still valid.\n\nIf your MOT has run out you can take your vehicle to:\n\n- have the failed defects fixed\n\n- a pre-arranged MOT test appointment\n\nIn both cases, your vehicle still needs to meet the minimum standards of roadworthiness at all times or you can be fined.\n\n## Taking it back for a retest the next working day\n\nYou will not have to pay again if you take it back to the same test centre before the end of the next working day for a partial retest on one or more of these items:\n\n- access panels\n\n- battery\n\n- bonnet\n\n- bootlid\n\n- brake pedal antislip\n\n- break glass hammer (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- doors (including hinges, catches and pillars)\n\n- door open warning device (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- dropsides\n\n- electrical wiring\n\n- emergency exits and signs (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- entrance door remote control (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- entrance/exit steps (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- fuel filler cap\n\n- headlamp cleaning or levelling devices (that does not need a headlamp aim check)\n\n- horn\n\n- lamps (excluding headlamp aim)\n\n- loading door\n\n- main beam \u2018tell-tale\u2019\n\n- mirrors\n\n- rear reflectors\n\n- registration plates\n\n- seatbelts (but not anchorages), seatbelt load limiter and seatbelt pre-tensioner\n\n- seats\n\n- sharp edges or projections\n\n- stairs (class 5 vehicles only)\n\n- steering wheel\n\n- tailboard\n\n- tailgate\n\n- trailer electrical sockets\n\n- towbars (excluding body around anchorage points)\n\n- tyre pressure monitoring system\n\n- vehicle identification number (VIN)\n\n- windscreen glass, wipers and washers\n\n- wheels and tyres (excluding motorcycles and motorcycles with sidecar)\n\n## Taking it back for a retest within 10 working days\n\nYou\u2019ll only need a partial retest if you take the vehicle from the test centre for repairs and take it back within 10 working days. You can be charged a partial retest fee for this.\n\nIn all other cases, you\u2019ll need to get a full retest and pay the full MOT test fee again.\n\n## Test result appeals and problems\n\nYou can appeal an MOT test failure or complain to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) if you think your vehicle should not have passed.\n\nYou can take your own action against an MOT test centre through Trading Standards, personal legal proceedings or reporting the centre to the police. DVSA cannot help you take action against a centre.\n\n## Appeal if your vehicle failed an MOT\n\nYou need to discuss your test results with the test centre before anyone starts repairs.\n\nYou can appeal against the failure if you think it\u2019s wrong. Fill in the complaint form and send it to DVSA within 14 working days of the test.\n\nDVSA will contact you within 5 days to discuss your appeal.\n\nIf DVSA decides to recheck your vehicle, you\u2019ll need to arrange a date and pay the full test fee again. They\u2019ll send you an inspection report listing any vehicle defects.\n\nYou should not have any repairs made until the appeal process has finished.\n\n## If you think your car has passed when it should not have\n\nYou\u2019ll need to complain to DVSA if you do not think your car should have passed its MOT. Fill in the complaint form and send it to DVSA within the time limits below.\n\nDVSA will contact you within 5 days to discuss your complaint.\n\nIf DVSA decides to recheck your vehicle, you\u2019ll need to arrange a date. You will not need to pay the test fee again. They\u2019ll send you an inspection report listing any vehicle defects.\n\n## Time limits\n\nIf your vehicle passed, you need to complain within:\n\n- within 3 months of the MOT if it\u2019s a corrosion-related problem\n\n- within 28 days has passed for other defects\n\n## If you think your MOT certificate is not genuine\n\nYou can check that your MOT certificate is genuine by checking its MOT status.\n\n## If you\u2019re unhappy with your MOT service\n\nContact DVSA if you\u2019re not happy with your MOT service.\n\n## Vehicles that do not need an MOT\n\nYou do not need to get an MOT for a vehicle until it reaches the age shown in the MOT fees table.\n\n## Exempt vehicles\n\nOther vehicles that do not need an MOT include:\n\n- goods vehicles powered by electricity and registered before 1 March 2015\n\n- tractors\n\n- some historic (\u2018classic\u2019) vehicles\n\nA list of exempt types of vehicles is on the MOT exemption form (V112). You need to fill in the form if your vehicle is listed so that you can either tax it or apply for tax exemption.\n\n## Lorries, buses and trailers\n\nYou must get an annual test for lorries, buses and trailers instead of an MOT. It\u2019s sometimes called the \u2018annual vehicle test\u2019.\n\n## Fix mistakes on your MOT certificate\n\nYou can get information corrected on your MOT certificate (such as the mileage or vehicle details) if it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## Get the wrong mileage corrected\n\nThe way you get the mileage corrected depends on when your MOT was.\n\n## Your MOT was less than 28 days ago\n\nAsk the MOT centre to check the mileage. They\u2019ll give you a replacement certificate if the mileage is wrong.\n\n## Your MOT was more than 28 days ago\n\nReport the mistake to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to get it corrected.\n\nYou also need to email proof of the mileage, such as a scan or photo of:\n\n- an invoice for the MOT\n\n- an emissions printout\n\n- a service receipt\n\n- a vehicle job card from the MOT centre\n\nThey need to show what the mileage should be, and show the same date as the MOT test.\n\nIf your scan or photo includes personal information, for example your payment details, you should blank it out or remove it.\n\nIf you do not send the right evidence, DVSA will not fix the mistakes.\n\nOnce DVSA has updated the mileage, you can check your vehicle\u2019s MOT history and download or print a corrected MOT certificate.\n\n## Get vehicle details or the MOT centre corrected\n\nContact DVSA if your MOT certificate has the wrong:\n\n- vehicle make or model\n\n- vehicle colour\n\n- country where the vehicle was registered\n\n- MOT test centre\n\n## Add or remove test records\n\nIf there\u2019s an MOT test missing from your vehicle\u2019s MOT history, or a test that does not belong there, email or call DVSA to have it corrected.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give your:\n\n- name\n\n- telephone number\n\n- vehicle number plate\n\n- vehicle make and model\n\n- date of the MOT\n\n- MOT test number (if you know it)\n\n- MOT test centre name and address", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/getting-an-mot", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a 2017-registered VW Passat, whose MOT certificate and road tax both expire at the end of next week. I took it to be tested this morning, and it unfortunately failed due to a single \"major\" fault. To make matters worse, the garage at which it was tested isn't able to carry out the necessary repair work before the date of MOT expiry.", + "original_question": "Can I legally drive the car to another garage for immediate repair?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1739", + "question": "Scenario: I am the proud owner of a 1981 DMC DeLorean sports car which, thanks to its stainless steel body, has not needed substantial modification at any point in its lifetime. This will soon pass it's 40th birthday.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to make an application to get MOT exempt status for my car?\n\nDocument - Historic (classic) vehicles: MOT and vehicle tax:\n## Eligibility\n\nThe date your vehicle was built or first registered affects whether you need to:\n\n- get an MOT\n\n- pay vehicle tax\n\n## Vehicles that do not need an MOT\n\nYou do not need to get an MOT if:\n\n- the vehicle was built or first registered more than 40 years ago\n\n- no \u2018substantial changes\u2019 have been made to the vehicle in the last 30 years, for example replacing the chassis, body, axles or engine to change the way the vehicle works\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure if there have been any substantial changes you can:\n\n- read the full guidance on MOT exemptions for historic vehicles\n\n- speak to a historic vehicle expert\n\n## Vehicles exempt from vehicle tax\n\nIf your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981, you can stop paying vehicle tax from 1 April 2021.\n\nIf you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was registered before 8 January 1981, you do not need to pay vehicle tax from 1 April 2021.\n\n## What you have to do\n\nYou must apply for a vehicle tax exemption to stop paying vehicle tax. This is sometimes called putting a vehicle into the \u2018historic tax class\u2019.\n\nYou do not have to apply to stop getting an MOT for your vehicle each year. However, you must still keep it in a roadworthy condition.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a32,500 and get 3 penalty points for using a vehicle in a dangerous condition.\n\n## Historic vehicle tax exemption\n\nYou can apply to stop paying for vehicle tax from 1 April 2021 if your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981. You must tax your vehicle even if you do not have to pay.\n\nIf you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was first registered before 8 January 1981, you can still apply to stop paying vehicle tax.\n\nYour vehicle will not be exempt from vehicle tax if:\n\n- it\u2019s used for hire or reward (for example, it\u2019s used as a taxi for paying customers)\n\n- it\u2019s used commercially for a trade or business\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure if your vehicle is exempt.\n\n## Eligible vehicles\n\nYou can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- cars\n\n- vans\n\n- motorcycles\n\n- tricycles\n\n## Large vehicles and buses\n\nYou can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- private heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) - they cannot be designed or adapted for transporting goods, or be used for driver training\n\n- buses used for voluntary or community purposes\n\n## Specialist vehicles\n\nYou can also apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- mobile cranes and pumps\n\n- road rollers, works trucks and digging machines\n\n- agricultural machines and mowing machines\n\n- snowploughs and gritting vehicles\n\n- electric vehicles\n\n- steam vehicles\n\n## Apply for a vehicle tax exemption\n\nApply at a Post Office that deals with vehicle tax.\n\nYou need to take:\n\n- the log book (V5C) in your name\n\n- your vehicle tax reminder letter (V11), if you have one\n\n- an MOT certificate that\u2019s valid when the tax starts, or evidence if your vehicle\u2019s exempt from an MOT (V112)\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)\n\nIf you do not have the log book, download and fill in an application for a log book (V62). Take it to the Post Office with the \u00a325 fee.\n\n## What happens next\n\n- The Post Office sends your log book to DVLA.\n\n- DVLA will send you an updated log book.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a refund (if you\u2019re due one). It will take longer than usual to get your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVLA if you have not got your refund within 6 weeks of getting your updated log book.\n\nYou can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.\n\n## Renewing your historic vehicle's vehicle tax\n\nDVLA will send you a vehicle tax reminder letter before your tax is due to expire. You\u2019ll need to tax your vehicle, but will not need to pay.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to drive your vehicle if you have not taxed it. You can be fined \u00a380 if you do not tax your vehicle on time.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/historic-vehicles", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the proud owner of a 1981 DMC DeLorean sports car which, thanks to its stainless steel body, has not needed substantial modification at any point in its lifetime. This will soon pass it's 40th birthday.", + "original_question": "Do I need to make an application to get MOT exempt status for my car?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1740", + "question": "Scenario: I live in Northern Ireland, and am the owner of one of the few surviving Triumph T140 TSX motorbikes, manufacturered and first registered in 1982.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to produce an Insurance Certificate when the time comes to apply for a vehicle tax exemption for my motorbike?\n\nDocument - Historic (classic) vehicles: MOT and vehicle tax:\n## Eligibility\n\nThe date your vehicle was built or first registered affects whether you need to:\n\n- get an MOT\n\n- pay vehicle tax\n\n## Vehicles that do not need an MOT\n\nYou do not need to get an MOT if:\n\n- the vehicle was built or first registered more than 40 years ago\n\n- no \u2018substantial changes\u2019 have been made to the vehicle in the last 30 years, for example replacing the chassis, body, axles or engine to change the way the vehicle works\n\nIf you\u2019re not sure if there have been any substantial changes you can:\n\n- read the full guidance on MOT exemptions for historic vehicles\n\n- speak to a historic vehicle expert\n\n## Vehicles exempt from vehicle tax\n\nIf your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981, you can stop paying vehicle tax from 1 April 2021.\n\nIf you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was registered before 8 January 1981, you do not need to pay vehicle tax from 1 April 2021.\n\n## What you have to do\n\nYou must apply for a vehicle tax exemption to stop paying vehicle tax. This is sometimes called putting a vehicle into the \u2018historic tax class\u2019.\n\nYou do not have to apply to stop getting an MOT for your vehicle each year. However, you must still keep it in a roadworthy condition.\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a32,500 and get 3 penalty points for using a vehicle in a dangerous condition.\n\n## Historic vehicle tax exemption\n\nYou can apply to stop paying for vehicle tax from 1 April 2021 if your vehicle was built before 1 January 1981. You must tax your vehicle even if you do not have to pay.\n\nIf you do not know when your vehicle was built, but it was first registered before 8 January 1981, you can still apply to stop paying vehicle tax.\n\nYour vehicle will not be exempt from vehicle tax if:\n\n- it\u2019s used for hire or reward (for example, it\u2019s used as a taxi for paying customers)\n\n- it\u2019s used commercially for a trade or business\n\nContact DVLA if you\u2019re not sure if your vehicle is exempt.\n\n## Eligible vehicles\n\nYou can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- cars\n\n- vans\n\n- motorcycles\n\n- tricycles\n\n## Large vehicles and buses\n\nYou can apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- private heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) - they cannot be designed or adapted for transporting goods, or be used for driver training\n\n- buses used for voluntary or community purposes\n\n## Specialist vehicles\n\nYou can also apply for these vehicles to be made exempt:\n\n- mobile cranes and pumps\n\n- road rollers, works trucks and digging machines\n\n- agricultural machines and mowing machines\n\n- snowploughs and gritting vehicles\n\n- electric vehicles\n\n- steam vehicles\n\n## Apply for a vehicle tax exemption\n\nApply at a Post Office that deals with vehicle tax.\n\nYou need to take:\n\n- the log book (V5C) in your name\n\n- your vehicle tax reminder letter (V11), if you have one\n\n- an MOT certificate that\u2019s valid when the tax starts, or evidence if your vehicle\u2019s exempt from an MOT (V112)\n\n- an insurance certificate or cover note (only in Northern Ireland)\n\nIf you do not have the log book, download and fill in an application for a log book (V62). Take it to the Post Office with the \u00a325 fee.\n\n## What happens next\n\n- The Post Office sends your log book to DVLA.\n\n- DVLA will send you an updated log book.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a refund (if you\u2019re due one). It will take longer than usual to get your refund because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Contact DVLA if you have not got your refund within 6 weeks of getting your updated log book.\n\nYou can still use your vehicle while your application is being processed.\n\n## Renewing your historic vehicle's vehicle tax\n\nDVLA will send you a vehicle tax reminder letter before your tax is due to expire. You\u2019ll need to tax your vehicle, but will not need to pay.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to drive your vehicle if you have not taxed it. You can be fined \u00a380 if you do not tax your vehicle on time.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/historic-vehicles", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in Northern Ireland, and am the owner of one of the few surviving Triumph T140 TSX motorbikes, manufacturered and first registered in 1982.", + "original_question": "Do I need to produce an Insurance Certificate when the time comes to apply for a vehicle tax exemption for my motorbike?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1742", + "question": "Scenario: I am 42 and partially sighted, which requires me to be accompanied by my guide dog Bella when out in public. I wish to visit London, and will be arriving by train.\n\nQuestion: If I hail a taxi at the station, is the driver obliged to allow my guide dog to accompany me in the car?\n\nDocument - Transport support services for disabled people:\n## Trains\n\nYou can give National Rail train companies advance notice if you think you\u2019ll need any help from staff.\n\nYou can also check if a station has accessible facilities.\n\n## Wheelchairs on trains\n\nOn mainline (intercity, suburban and cross-country) trains there\u2019s space for your wheelchair. Put your chair in this space and use the brakes (or switch your wheelchair\u2019s power off) when the train\u2019s moving.\n\n## How to get help\n\nAll licensed train companies must be able to tell you:\n\n- what services and facilities are available\n\n- how to get assistance - including when there are disruptions\n\nThis is called an Accessible Travel Policy (ATP). You can get a copy of an ATP from the train company.\n\n## Disabled person\u2019s railcard\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible you can get up to a third off rail tickets by applying for a disabled person\u2019s railcard. You must provide evidence of a relevant disability.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the train company directly.\n\nIf you cannot resolve the complaint, you may be able to complain to the Rail Ombudsman. They can only consider complaints about companies that have joined the Rail Ombudsman scheme.\n\n## Planes\n\nTell your airline at least 48 hours before departure if you\u2019ll need help.\n\nAirlines and airports have different facilities for disabled people. Find out from your airport or airline if they have the facilities you need, for example a toilet with disabled access.\n\n## Help at the airport\n\nIf you have a sensory, physical or learning disability which affects your mobility when using transport, at airports in the UK and EU you have the right to:\n\n- help at specific arrival points, such as at terminal entrances, at transport interchanges and in car parks\n\n- help to reach check-in\n\n- help with registration at check-in\n\n- help with moving through the airport if you need it, including to toilets\n\n- help to board the plane\n\nYou\u2019ll also have the right to help because of your age or a temporary illness or injury - for example if you\u2019ve broken your leg and it\u2019s in a cast.\n\nYou can travel with up to 2 items of mobility equipment free of charge if you\u2019re disabled. This will not count as part of your baggage allowance.\n\n## Help on the plane\n\nIf you have a sensory, physical or learning disability which affects your mobility on a flight, in the UK and EU you have the right to:\n\n- get information about your flight in a way you understand it\n\n- help to find a seat that is suited to your needs\n\n- help to move around the plane, including to toilets\n\n## Taking your wheelchair on the plane\n\nYou cannot take your own wheelchair into the passenger cabin of a plane - it will be stored in the hold. Speak to your airline to find out what help they\u2019ll provide when boarding.\n\nTell your airline, travel agent or tour operator as soon as possible if you\u2019re taking on a battery-powered wheelchair or mobility aid.\n\n## Travelling with a companion\n\nYou must travel with a companion if you\u2019re not self reliant, for example if you need help with feeding, breathing, using medication or using the toilet.\n\nThe airline you\u2019re flying with will do their best to make sure you sit next to each other, so long as you tell them at least 48 hours before departure.\n\n## Travelling with an assistance dog\n\nYou have the right to travel with your assistance dog. You\u2019ll need to follow the rules on pet travel.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the airport or airline directly.\n\nIf you cannot resolve the problem with them, you can complain to either:\n\n- an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) body\n\n- the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) if the airline or airport does not have an agreement with an ADR\n\n## Cars, buses and coaches\n\nFind out what you need to do if you\u2019re driving and you have a medical condition or disability, for example learning to drive and getting insured.\n\nYou may be able to get a Blue Badge so you can park closer to where you want to go.\n\n## The Motability Scheme\n\nThe Motability Scheme can help you with leasing a car, powered wheelchair or scooter.\n\n## Buses and coaches\n\nYou can get a bus pass for free travel if you\u2019re disabled. Passes from councils in England can be used anywhere in England:\n\n- at any time on a Saturday, Sunday or bank holiday\n\n- from 9:30am to 11pm on any other day\n\nFor travel outside of these times, contact the relevant council.\n\n## Help getting on and off\n\nThe law says bus and coach drivers must give reasonable assistance to disabled people, for example by helping them get on and off the bus or coach. This does not mean physically lifting passengers or heavy mobility equipment.\n\nIf you need help to get on and off a coach, you should ask for this when you book your ticket.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the bus or coach service operator directly.\n\nIf you cannot resolve the problem with the operator, contact:\n\n- Bus Users UK for complaints about services outside of London\n\n- London TravelWatch for complaints about services in London\n\n- your local government ombudsman for complaints about bus passes\n\n## Taxis and minicabs\n\nLicensed taxis can be hailed on the street, picked up at ranks or pre-booked, but you can only pre-book minicabs (also called \u2018private hire vehicles\u2019).\n\n## Wheelchair access\n\nIn some areas (mainly larger cities), licensed taxis have to be wheelchair accessible.\n\nTo find out if there are accessible taxis near you, contact the taxi licensing office at your local council.\n\n## London taxis\n\nIn London, all black cabs are wheelchair accessible.\n\nSome of the newer \u2018black cabs\u2019 are also fitted with induction loops and intercoms for hearing aid users.\n\n## Assistance dogs\n\nIf you travel with an assistance dog they must be allowed into the taxi or minicab with you, unless the driver has an exemption certificate. This can be issued if they\u2019ve got a medical condition made worse by contact with dogs.\n\nA driver with an exemption certificate will have a \u2018Notice of Exemption\u2019 notice on their vehicle windscreen.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to be charged extra to travel in a taxi or minicab with an assistance dog. Otherwise the driver could be fined up to \u00a31,000.\n\nThe following types of dog can be taken with you in taxis or minicabs:\n\n- guide dogs\n\n- hearing dogs\n\n- assistance dogs trained by Dogs for the Disabled, Support Dogs or Canine Partners\n\n## Travelling with your dog\n\nTaxi and private hire vehicle drivers have been told how to identify assistance dogs.\n\nYour assistance dog should wear its harness or identification jacket when you are travelling with it. If an identification card was issued for the dog, this should also be carried.\n\nDogs should remain on the floor and under control at all times. If your dog causes any damage to the vehicle, the driver could ask you to pay for it.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nAs well as the rules on wheelchairs and assistance dogs, all taxi and minicab drivers must make sure they do not discriminate against you and cannot treat you less favourably than other customers. They should also make any \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to their service for you to make your journey easier.\n\nYou should report any problems to the taxi licensing office at your local council.\n\n## Ships\n\nYou can get help if you\u2019re disabled and travelling on any of the following:\n\n- a cruise ship that\u2019s leaving from a port within the UK\n\n- a ferry that\u2019s leaving from or going to a port within the UK\n\n- a local ferry service, for example by river bus\n\nIf you need to make specific arrangements for your journey (for example if you have certain accommodation or seating requirements), you should tell the cruise line, ferry service, travel agent or tour operator at least 48 hours before departure.\n\n## Travelling with a carer\n\nYou should let the cruise line or ferry service know if you need to travel with a carer. On a ferry, your carer might be able to travel for free.\n\n## Help getting on and off\n\nTell the cruise line or ferry service at least 48 hours before departure if you need help getting on and off the ship.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the cruise line or ferry service company directly.\n\nIf it cannot be resolved you can contact an independent organisation to look into your complaint.\n\nIn England or Wales, you can contact:\n\n- Association of British Travel Agents (ABTA), for complaints about ferries\n\n- London Travel Watch, for complaints about London River Bus services\n\n- Cruise Line International Association (CLIA), for complaints about cruises\n\nIn Scotland, you can contact Transport Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you can contact the Consumer Council of Northern Ireland.\n\n## Wheelchairs\n\nShopmobility lends wheelchairs and powered scooters to people who are disabled so they can shop or visit leisure facilities in a town, city or shopping centre.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transport-disabled", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 42 and partially sighted, which requires me to be accompanied by my guide dog Bella when out in public. I wish to visit London, and will be arriving by train.", + "original_question": "If I hail a taxi at the station, is the driver obliged to allow my guide dog to accompany me in the car?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1743", + "question": "Scenario: I am 34, married, have two children with my husband and currently live in a house which he owns. Six months ago he became violently abusive to both my elder child and myself, and has since fled. He is now threatening to return.\n\nQuestion: Can I get an Occupation Order which will prevent my husband from entering the family home?\n\nDocument - Get an injunction if you've been the victim of domestic abuse:\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018injunction\u2019 if you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic abuse. An injunction is a court order that either:\n\n- protects you or your child from being harmed or threatened by the person who\u2019s abused you - this is called a \u2018non-molestation order\u2019\n\n- decides who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area - this is called an \u2018occupation order\u2019\n\nThe person named in the injunction can be arrested if they break it.\n\nGet advice on applying for an injunction from a charity, for example Refuge, Women\u2019s Aid, Citizens Advice or the Men\u2019s Advice Line.\n\nYou may be able to get free legal representation.\n\nIf you\u2019re in immediate danger of being abused or have been abused, report it to the police.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can use the RCJ Citizens Advice CourtNav service to prepare an injunction application online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- create an online account\n\n- explain what happened to you\n\n- include the name and address of the person who\u2019s abused you\n\nAs part of your application, you can choose a law firm to review it.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to get legal aid or pay for legal advice, your application can be sent back to a legal adviser at RCJ Citizens Advice to check for free.\n\nThe legal adviser will tell you if you need to make a court application and how to submit one.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call. If you need a face-to-face hearing, you\u2019ll need to explain why in your application.\n\n## Apply by email or post\n\nFollow these steps to apply for an injunction by email or post.\n\n- Check if you\u2019re eligible to apply for a non-molestation order or an occupation order.\n\n- Download and fill in the application form (form FL401) and make 2 copies.\n\n- Write your witness statement telling the court what has happened and asking for the relevant order.\n\n- At the bottom of the witness statement write a statement of truth. Use the following words: \u201cI believe that the facts stated in this witness statement are true.\u201d Sign and date the statement of truth.\n\n- Download and fill in form C8 if you want to keep your address and telephone number private.\n\n- Email or send all the documents to a court which deals with domestic abuse cases - there\u2019s no fee.\n\nMany courts are closed because of coronavirus. You\u2019ll need to check that the court is open and staffed before you send in your application.\n\n## Emergency orders\n\nIf you need protection immediately, ask for an emergency order when you apply. You do not have to tell the person you want protection from that you\u2019re applying so it\u2019s known as a \u2018without notice\u2019 or \u2018ex-parte\u2019 application.\n\nThe court will hold a hearing which you must attend. It may issue an order at the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to tell that person about your application after the order has been issued.\n\nAn emergency order will usually last until your hearing.\n\n## If you\u2019re 17 or under\n\nIf you\u2019re under 16 you\u2019ll need permission to apply from the High Court.\n\nIf you\u2019re 16 or 17 you\u2019ll need to appoint a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 to represent you in court \u2013 this is usually a parent, family member or close friend.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nAfter you\u2019ve applied you must arrange for the person you\u2019re applying to get an injunction against to be told about your application.\n\n## Who can apply: non-molestation order\n\nYou can usually apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the person you want to be protected from (\u2018the respondent\u2019) is:\n\n- someone you\u2019re having or have had a relationship with\n\n- a family member\n\n- someone you\u2019re living or have lived with\n\nCheck the following lists to make sure you can apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 16 you need permission from the High Court to apply.\n\n## Husband, wife, civil partner or other relationship\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the respondent is your:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- former husband, former wife or former civil partner\n\n- fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- former fianc\u00e9, former fianc\u00e9e or former proposed civil partner \u2013 if your engagement or agreement to form a civil partnership ended less than 3 years ago\n\n- boyfriend, girlfriend, partner or a person you\u2019re in or have been in a relationship with for more than 6 months\n\nIf you were engaged to or had agreed to form a civil partnership with the respondent, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence, such as a ring or statement from a witness who attended a ceremony or celebration.\n\n## Family member\n\nYou can apply if the respondent is a close family member, for example a parent, brother, sister, aunt or uncle.\n\n## People who have parental responsibility for your child or grandchild\n\nYou can apply if you have a child or grandchild and the respondent is the child\u2019s parent or person you share parental responsibility with.\n\nIf your child (or grandchild) has been adopted, you can also apply to get an injunction against their:\n\n- adoptive parent\n\n- anyone who has applied to adopt them\n\n- anyone the child has been placed with for adoption\n\nYou can also apply for an order against the child or grandchild if they\u2019ve been adopted.\n\nYou can report anyone who abuses you to your neighbourhood police team.\n\n## Who can apply: occupation order\n\nYou can apply for an occupation order if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and meet the requirements. The order will say who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area.\n\nYou can apply if:\n\n- you own or rent the home and it is, was, or was intended to be shared with a husband or wife, civil partner, cohabitant, family member, person you\u2019re engaged to or parent of your child\n\n- you do not own or rent the home but you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership with the owner and you\u2019re living in the home (known as \u2018matrimonial home rights\u2019)\n\n- your former husband, wife or civil partner is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared matrimonial home\n\n- the person you cohabit or cohabited with is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared home\n\n## After you submit your application\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a document called a \u2018Notice of Proceedings\u2019 by the court. This tells you when your court hearing will take place.\n\n## Telling people about your application\n\nThe court will send you back a sealed copy of your application. You must arrange for the sealed copy and your witness statement to be \u2018served\u2019 on the person named in the application. This means making sure they get a copy of the documents in person.\n\nYour solicitor will do this if you\u2019re using one or you can ask the court to serve the documents for free.\n\nDo not serve the documents yourself.\n\n## Your court hearing\n\nYour hearing will be held in private (sometimes called \u2018in chambers\u2019). In most cases only you and the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against, and any legal representatives, can attend. Read about what to expect when you go to a court hearing.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call.\n\nThe court will provide an interpreter if you asked for one when you applied for the injunction. They can translate what happens during the hearing but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.\n\nContact the court before the hearing if you need support or extra protection.\n\nThe judge may make a decision without a hearing if, for example:\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against lives with you\n\nThis is called \u2018on paper\u2019.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nAt the end of the hearing the court will make one of the following decisions:\n\n- the person you\u2019ve applied for an injunction against must make an \u2018undertaking\u2019 (a promise) to do or not do something\n\n- you must provide more information - the court may issue a short-term order (an \u2018interim order\u2019) to protect you while you get this information\n\n- it will issue an order - when that ends they may hold another hearing to decide whether to renew the order\n\nYou\u2019ll get a copy of the order if the court issues one. It will say what the respondent can and cannot do.\n\nIf your order expires and you still want protection, you\u2019ll have to apply again.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou must arrange for the order to be \u2018served\u2019 on the respondent. This means making sure they get a copy of the order in person.\n\nIf you have a solicitor, they will arrange for the documents to be served. If you do not have a solicitor you can:\n\n- ask the court to serve the documents - you will not need to pay for this\n\n- hire a professional process server to serve the documents\n\nDo not serve the documents yourself.\n\nThe court will send the order and the statement of service to the officer in charge of your neighbourhood police station or the police station named in the court order.\n\nIf the person named in your injunction does not follow the court order, you can call the police.\n\n## Complaints and appeals\n\nYou can complain to the court where you had the hearing if you\u2019re unhappy with the service they provided.\n\nYou may be able to make an appeal about the decision if you think there\u2019s been a serious mistake. You\u2019ll have to get permission to make the appeal and there\u2019s usually a fee. Read the guidance on how to make an appeal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 34, married, have two children with my husband and currently live in a house which he owns. Six months ago he became violently abusive to both my elder child and myself, and has since fled. He is now threatening to return.", + "original_question": "Can I get an Occupation Order which will prevent my husband from entering the family home?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1744", + "question": "Scenario: I am 15, live in Wales and for two years was sexually abused by my uncle, a former police officer. He has been arrested and is currently on bail awaiting a charging decision from the CPS. I am afraid that he will try and contact me.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for a non-molestation order against my uncle, despite my not being a legal adult yet?\n\nDocument - Get an injunction if you've been the victim of domestic abuse:\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018injunction\u2019 if you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic abuse. An injunction is a court order that either:\n\n- protects you or your child from being harmed or threatened by the person who\u2019s abused you - this is called a \u2018non-molestation order\u2019\n\n- decides who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area - this is called an \u2018occupation order\u2019\n\nThe person named in the injunction can be arrested if they break it.\n\nGet advice on applying for an injunction from a charity, for example Refuge, Women\u2019s Aid, Citizens Advice or the Men\u2019s Advice Line.\n\nYou may be able to get free legal representation.\n\nIf you\u2019re in immediate danger of being abused or have been abused, report it to the police.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can use the RCJ Citizens Advice CourtNav service to prepare an injunction application online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- create an online account\n\n- explain what happened to you\n\n- include the name and address of the person who\u2019s abused you\n\nAs part of your application, you can choose a law firm to review it.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to get legal aid or pay for legal advice, your application can be sent back to a legal adviser at RCJ Citizens Advice to check for free.\n\nThe legal adviser will tell you if you need to make a court application and how to submit one.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call. If you need a face-to-face hearing, you\u2019ll need to explain why in your application.\n\n## Apply by email or post\n\nFollow these steps to apply for an injunction by email or post.\n\n- Check if you\u2019re eligible to apply for a non-molestation order or an occupation order.\n\n- Download and fill in the application form (form FL401) and make 2 copies.\n\n- Write your witness statement telling the court what has happened and asking for the relevant order.\n\n- At the bottom of the witness statement write a statement of truth. Use the following words: \u201cI believe that the facts stated in this witness statement are true.\u201d Sign and date the statement of truth.\n\n- Download and fill in form C8 if you want to keep your address and telephone number private.\n\n- Email or send all the documents to a court which deals with domestic abuse cases - there\u2019s no fee.\n\nMany courts are closed because of coronavirus. You\u2019ll need to check that the court is open and staffed before you send in your application.\n\n## Emergency orders\n\nIf you need protection immediately, ask for an emergency order when you apply. You do not have to tell the person you want protection from that you\u2019re applying so it\u2019s known as a \u2018without notice\u2019 or \u2018ex-parte\u2019 application.\n\nThe court will hold a hearing which you must attend. It may issue an order at the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to tell that person about your application after the order has been issued.\n\nAn emergency order will usually last until your hearing.\n\n## If you\u2019re 17 or under\n\nIf you\u2019re under 16 you\u2019ll need permission to apply from the High Court.\n\nIf you\u2019re 16 or 17 you\u2019ll need to appoint a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 to represent you in court \u2013 this is usually a parent, family member or close friend.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nAfter you\u2019ve applied you must arrange for the person you\u2019re applying to get an injunction against to be told about your application.\n\n## Who can apply: non-molestation order\n\nYou can usually apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the person you want to be protected from (\u2018the respondent\u2019) is:\n\n- someone you\u2019re having or have had a relationship with\n\n- a family member\n\n- someone you\u2019re living or have lived with\n\nCheck the following lists to make sure you can apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 16 you need permission from the High Court to apply.\n\n## Husband, wife, civil partner or other relationship\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the respondent is your:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- former husband, former wife or former civil partner\n\n- fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- former fianc\u00e9, former fianc\u00e9e or former proposed civil partner \u2013 if your engagement or agreement to form a civil partnership ended less than 3 years ago\n\n- boyfriend, girlfriend, partner or a person you\u2019re in or have been in a relationship with for more than 6 months\n\nIf you were engaged to or had agreed to form a civil partnership with the respondent, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence, such as a ring or statement from a witness who attended a ceremony or celebration.\n\n## Family member\n\nYou can apply if the respondent is a close family member, for example a parent, brother, sister, aunt or uncle.\n\n## People who have parental responsibility for your child or grandchild\n\nYou can apply if you have a child or grandchild and the respondent is the child\u2019s parent or person you share parental responsibility with.\n\nIf your child (or grandchild) has been adopted, you can also apply to get an injunction against their:\n\n- adoptive parent\n\n- anyone who has applied to adopt them\n\n- anyone the child has been placed with for adoption\n\nYou can also apply for an order against the child or grandchild if they\u2019ve been adopted.\n\nYou can report anyone who abuses you to your neighbourhood police team.\n\n## Who can apply: occupation order\n\nYou can apply for an occupation order if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and meet the requirements. The order will say who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area.\n\nYou can apply if:\n\n- you own or rent the home and it is, was, or was intended to be shared with a husband or wife, civil partner, cohabitant, family member, person you\u2019re engaged to or parent of your child\n\n- you do not own or rent the home but you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership with the owner and you\u2019re living in the home (known as \u2018matrimonial home rights\u2019)\n\n- your former husband, wife or civil partner is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared matrimonial home\n\n- the person you cohabit or cohabited with is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared home\n\n## After you submit your application\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a document called a \u2018Notice of Proceedings\u2019 by the court. This tells you when your court hearing will take place.\n\n## Telling people about your application\n\nThe court will send you back a sealed copy of your application. You must arrange for the sealed copy and your witness statement to be \u2018served\u2019 on the person named in the application. This means making sure they get a copy of the documents in person.\n\nYour solicitor will do this if you\u2019re using one or you can ask the court to serve the documents for free.\n\nDo not serve the documents yourself.\n\n## Your court hearing\n\nYour hearing will be held in private (sometimes called \u2018in chambers\u2019). In most cases only you and the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against, and any legal representatives, can attend. Read about what to expect when you go to a court hearing.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call.\n\nThe court will provide an interpreter if you asked for one when you applied for the injunction. They can translate what happens during the hearing but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.\n\nContact the court before the hearing if you need support or extra protection.\n\nThe judge may make a decision without a hearing if, for example:\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against lives with you\n\nThis is called \u2018on paper\u2019.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nAt the end of the hearing the court will make one of the following decisions:\n\n- the person you\u2019ve applied for an injunction against must make an \u2018undertaking\u2019 (a promise) to do or not do something\n\n- you must provide more information - the court may issue a short-term order (an \u2018interim order\u2019) to protect you while you get this information\n\n- it will issue an order - when that ends they may hold another hearing to decide whether to renew the order\n\nYou\u2019ll get a copy of the order if the court issues one. It will say what the respondent can and cannot do.\n\nIf your order expires and you still want protection, you\u2019ll have to apply again.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou must arrange for the order to be \u2018served\u2019 on the respondent. This means making sure they get a copy of the order in person.\n\nIf you have a solicitor, they will arrange for the documents to be served. If you do not have a solicitor you can:\n\n- ask the court to serve the documents - you will not need to pay for this\n\n- hire a professional process server to serve the documents\n\nDo not serve the documents yourself.\n\nThe court will send the order and the statement of service to the officer in charge of your neighbourhood police station or the police station named in the court order.\n\nIf the person named in your injunction does not follow the court order, you can call the police.\n\n## Complaints and appeals\n\nYou can complain to the court where you had the hearing if you\u2019re unhappy with the service they provided.\n\nYou may be able to make an appeal about the decision if you think there\u2019s been a serious mistake. You\u2019ll have to get permission to make the appeal and there\u2019s usually a fee. Read the guidance on how to make an appeal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 15, live in Wales and for two years was sexually abused by my uncle, a former police officer. He has been arrested and is currently on bail awaiting a charging decision from the CPS. I am afraid that he will try and contact me.", + "original_question": "Can I apply for a non-molestation order against my uncle, despite my not being a legal adult yet?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1746", + "question": "Scenario: I am learning to drive, have my provisional license and have booked my theory test for car drivers at a driving test centre here in Scotland. I have quite serious seasonal allergies, which can be exacerbated by face coverings.\n\nQuestion: Will I have to wear a face covering while taking my theory test?\n\nDocument - Theory test: cars:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou must have a provisional driving licence to book your theory test.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test:\n\n- multiple-choice questions\n\n- hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road\n\nYou book and take them as a single test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n## When you can take the theory test\n\nYou can take the theory test from your 17th birthday onwards.\n\nYou can take it from your 16th birthday if you get, or have applied for, the enhanced rate of the mobility component of Personal Independence Payment (PIP).\n\n## Who needs to take the theory test\n\nYou usually need to take the theory test before you can get your full car driving licence.\n\nYou do not need to take the car theory test if you:\n\n- want to upgrade an automatic car licence to a manual one\n\n- have a category B1 driving licence (3 or 4-wheeled light vehicles) from before 1 February 2001\n\n## If you have a moped or motorcycle licence\n\nYou must pass a car theory test before taking the car driving test.\n\n## If your licence is not from Great Britain\n\nFind out if you can drive in Great Britain (GB) with your non-GB licence without taking a theory and driving test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your theory test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your theory test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.\n\n## Theory test revision and practice\n\nYou can use books and software to revise for the theory test and take practice tests.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nThe multiple-choice questions in the theory test are based on 3 books:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Driving - the essential skills\n\nStudy these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## Take a practice test\n\nTake a practice theory test to check how much you\u2019ve learnt.\n\nThe questions are not used in the real test, but they are based on the same topics as the test.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nTo prepare for this test you can use the official guide to hazard perception.\n\nYou can buy the guide in these formats:\n\n- online for your PC or Mac\n\n- app for Apple phones and tablets\n\n- app for Android phones and tablets\n\nYou can also buy it as an interactive DVD from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## Translations into foreign languages\n\nSome official books and software are translated into other languages by approved organisations.\n\nHowever, you can only take the test in English, Welsh or British Sign Language.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## Lost your licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nRearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\n## Personal belongings\n\nYou will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:\n\n- bags\n\n- earphones\n\n- mobile phones\n\n- watches\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.\n\nIf your test centre does not have lockers, you must:\n\n- turn off your phone before you enter the test centre\n\n- put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test\n\nThe test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 57 minutes to answer 50 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens\n\n## How the test works\n\nA question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.\n\nThree of the questions are about a short video. It will show a normal driving situation, such as:\n\n- driving through a town centre\n\n- driving on a country road\n\nThe video is silent. You can watch it as many times as you like during the test.\n\n## Leaving a question\n\nYou can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.\n\n## Changing your answers\n\nYou can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.\n\n## When you\u2019ve finished\n\nYou can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 57 minutes.\n\nYou can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:\n\n- feature everyday road scenes\n\n- contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards\n\nYou get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.\n\n## What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is\n\nA developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.\n\n## How the scoring works\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.\n\nTo get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.\n\nYou do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.\n\nYou only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.\n\n## Pass mark and test result\n\nYou\u2019ll get the result at the test centre after taking the theory test. You must pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n| | Pass mark | Points available |\n\n| Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50 |\n\n| Hazard perception | 44 | 75 |\n\n## If you pass\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with a pass certificate number at the test centre. You need this when you book and take your driving test.\n\nYour pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You must pass your driving test in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the theory test again.\n\n## If you fail\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.\n\nYou must book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.\n\nYou have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.\n\n## If you have a reading difficulty, disability or health condition\n\nWhen you book your theory test you should say if you have a:\n\n- reading difficulty\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nYou can ask to hear the test through headphones when you book your test. You can hear it in English or Welsh.\n\nYou can listen to the questions and possible answers as many times as you need to.\n\n## Other types of support\n\nYou can get other support during your theory test if you send proof that you have reading difficulties.\n\nThis can be an email, letter or report from:\n\n- a teacher or other educational professional\n\n- a doctor or medical professional\n\n- an occupational therapist\n\n- an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association\n\nYou can get:\n\n- extra time to take the test\n\n- someone to read what\u2019s on the screen and record your answers\n\n- someone to reword the questions for you\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will select the best type of support for you.\n\nIf DVSA agrees that you need extra support, they will send you an email with:\n\n- a reference number (you will need this when you book your test)\n\n- instructions on how to book your test\n\n## Extra time to take the test\n\nYou can ask for more time to do the multiple choice questions part of the theory test.\n\n## Reading what\u2019s on the screen and recording your answers\n\nA member of staff at the test centre can read out the instructions and questions on the screen.\n\nThey can also record your answers to the multiple-choice questions.\n\nThis can be done by either:\n\n- listening to the member of staff through headphones while they\u2019re in another room - they\u2019ll be able to see what\u2019s on your screen\n\n- the member of staff sitting near you in the test room\n\n## Rewording the questions for you\n\nYou can ask for a member of staff to reword the theory test questions to make them easier for you to understand.\n\nThe person cannot change the technical language that you need to know. But they can change the order of the sentence and other non-technical words and phrases.\n\nYou still need to answer each question yourself.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nYou can take the theory test in British Sign Language (BSL) if you\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment.\n\nA BSL video appears on the screen next to the questions and answers.\n\n## Take a BSL interpreter\n\nYou can have a BSL interpreter with you during the test. Contact DVSA to arrange this. You will not be charged an extra fee.\n\n## Hearing loop and lip speakers\n\nYou can arrange to have a lip speaker with you at the theory test centre or use a listening aid (hearing loop).\n\nTo use either service you\u2019ll need to contact DVSA before your test.\n\n## Other disabilities or health conditions\n\nContact DVSA to discuss any other disability or health condition before you book your test.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/theory-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am learning to drive, have my provisional license and have booked my theory test for car drivers at a driving test centre here in Scotland. I have quite serious seasonal allergies, which can be exacerbated by face coverings.", + "original_question": "Will I have to wear a face covering while taking my theory test?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1747", + "question": "Scenario: I live in Southern England and own and a drive a motor car. I am also an amateur musician who tours local public houses and music clubs, which requires a lot of driving at night in areas which have a high incidence of drink-driving.\n\nQuestion: Can the police make me do an American-style \"sobriety test\" (in addition to a breath test) if they randomly stop me and suspect that I have been drinking?\n\nDocument - Being stopped by the police while driving:\n## Overview\n\nThe police can stop a vehicle for any reason. If they ask you to stop, you should always pull over when it\u2019s safe to do so. You\u2019re breaking the law if you do not stop.\n\nIf you\u2019re stopped, the police can ask to see your:\n\n- driving licence\n\n- insurance certificate\n\n- MOT certificate\n\nIf you do not have these documents with you, you have 7 days to take them to a police station. You\u2019re breaking the law if you do not show the requested documents within 7 days.\n\nThe police can also give you an on-the-spot fixed penalty notice for many minor offences and make you take a breath test in certain circumstances.\n\nYou can also have your vehicle seized if you\u2019re stopped on suspicion of driving without insurance and for some other offences.\n\n## Breath tests\n\nThe police can stop you at any time and ask you to take a breath test (\u2018breathalyse\u2019 you) if:\n\n- they think you\u2019ve been drinking\n\n- you\u2019ve committed a traffic offence\n\n- you\u2019ve been involved in a road traffic accident\n\nIf you refuse to take a breath test, or fail to supply a sample of breath and do not have a \u2018reasonable excuse\u2019, you can be arrested. A reasonable excuse could be a genuine physical or mental condition stopping you from giving a sample.\n\nThe breath test gives a result straight away. If it shows you\u2019re not over the drink drive limit, you may be allowed to go.\n\nIf you fail the breath test, you\u2019ll be taken to a police station and given a final breath test. If it\u2019s positive, you will be charged.\n\nIf the officer thinks you\u2019re under the influence of alcohol or drugs, they can ask you to:\n\n- take a drug test\n\n- do a physical test (a \u2018field impairment test\u2019), for example walk in a straight line then turn around and walk back\n\nYou can be arrested if you fail the test.\n\nIf you fail a breath test you cannot drive your car until you\u2019re sober. You can ask someone else to collect your car for you.\n\n## Minor motoring offences\n\nThe police can give you a \u2018fixed penalty notice\u2019 for less serious traffic offences, including for:\n\n- careless or inconsiderate driving\n\n- using a mobile phone while driving\n\n- not wearing a seat belt\n\n- driving too close to another vehicle\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3200 and get penalty points on your licence if you get a fixed penalty notice - you may be disqualified from driving if you build up 12 points within 3 years.\n\nThe police can also decide to:\n\n- take no action\n\n- issue a warning\n\n- offer driver training\n\n- charge you with an offence\n\nYou can choose not to pay the fixed penalty if you believe that it was given unjustly, but you\u2019ll have to argue your case in court.\n\n## Faults with your vehicle\n\nIf your vehicle has something wrong with it, for example a broken brake light, the police may give you a \u2018vehicle defect rectification notice\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get your vehicle fixed and provide proof that it\u2019s been fixed, for example a receipt for the work from a mechanic. You have 14 days from the date of the notice to show the proof to the police.\n\n## When the police can seize your vehicle\n\nThe police can seize a vehicle if they think it\u2019s being used in a way that causes alarm, harassment or distress, for example careless or inconsiderate driving.\n\nThey can also seize a vehicle if they think it\u2019s:\n\n- being driven by someone who does not have a proper licence or insurance\n\n- dangerously, illegally or obstructively parked\n\n- broken-down or abandoned\n\nIf your vehicle is seized there\u2019s a \u2018release fee\u2019 of up to \u00a3200 plus a storage fee of \u00a320 for every day or part day.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stopped-by-police-while-driving-your-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in Southern England and own and a drive a motor car. I am also an amateur musician who tours local public houses and music clubs, which requires a lot of driving at night in areas which have a high incidence of drink-driving.", + "original_question": "Can the police make me do an American-style \"sobriety test\" (in addition to a breath test) if they randomly stop me and suspect that I have been drinking?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1749", + "question": "Scenario: I have been practicing for my motorcycle driving test for the past month and a half. I finally feel ready and have booked my test for next week. I plan on using an Automatic motorcycle, that I have been training on.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to drive a motorcycle with a manual transmission if I pass my test under these circumstances?\n\nDocument - Motorcycle and moped tests:\n## Booking your tests\n\nAfter you\u2019ve passed your theory test you\u2019ll also need to pass:\n\n- an off-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 1 test\u2019)\n\n- an on-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 2 test\u2019)\n\nNormally, you can book the riding tests separately or at the same time, but you must pass the module 1 test before you take the module 2 test. There\u2019s a different fee for each module.\n\n## Motorcycle and moped tests and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWear a face covering at the start and end of the test (when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner). If you cannot wear a face covering, you must tell DVSA when booking your appointment.\n\nYou can cancel your test appointment and get a refund if you cannot or do not want to attend because of COVID-19. Your instructor will need to cancel your test for you if they booked it.\n\n## What you need to do to pass the tests\n\nTo pass the riding tests you must be able to:\n\n- ride safely in different road and traffic conditions\n\n- show that you know The Highway Code by the way you ride\n\nThe national standard for riding mopeds and motorcycles tells you everything that you must be able to do to pass the tests.\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your tests.\n\n## What to take to your tests\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your UK photocard driving licence\n\n- your theory test pass certificate\n\n- a moped or motorbike\n\n- your compulsory basic training (CBT) certificate - unless you\u2019re taking the test to upgrade your full motorcycle licence\n\n- your module 1 test pass certificate - if you\u2019re taking your module 2 test\n\n- a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Clothing\n\nYou must wear:\n\n- a motorcycle helmet that meets British safety standards (unless you\u2019re Sikh and wearing a turban)\n\n- motorcycle boots or other sturdy footwear that supports and protects your ankles\n\n- textile or leather motorcycle trousers or heavy denim trousers\n\n- a textile or leather motorcycle jacket or a heavy denim jacket with several layers underneath\n\n- motorcycle gloves\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering at the start and end of the test when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nIf you cannot wear a face covering at the start and end of the test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nYou should rearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time. You must do this at least 3 working days before your test date or you\u2019ll have to pay again.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nYou must bring a valid passport and your paper licence if you do not have a photocard driving licence.\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nYou must bring the photocard and paper counterpart if you have a licence from Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate\n\nContact DVSA with your:\n\n- name\n\n- address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- driving licence number\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter that you can take to your test instead of your pass certificate.\n\n## Motorcycles and mopeds you can use for the tests\n\nThe motorcycle or moped you use for your tests must:\n\n- be a solo machine - you can only use a sidecar if you have certain disabilities\n\n- have a speedometer measuring speed in miles per hour (mph)\n\n- display L plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear\n\n- be insured, taxed and roadworthy and have no engine warning lights showing\n\nRead the list of A2 and A motorcycles that can be used for riding tests.\n\n## Subcategories of motorcycles and mopeds\n\nThere are 4 subcategories of mopeds and motorcycles.\n\nIn both modules of the test, you must use:\n\n- the same subcategory as the licence you\u2019re applying for\n\n- a vehicle with the same type of transmission (manual, automatic or semi-automatic)\n\n| | Moped, tricycle or quad bike | Light motorcycle | Standard motorcycle | Unrestricted motorcycle |\n\n| Licence category | AM | A1 | A2 | A |\n\n| Minimum age of rider | 16 | 17 | 19 | 24 (direct access) or 21 (progressive access) |\n\n| Engine capacity | Up to 50cc | 120 to 125cc | At least 395cc | At least 595cc |\n\n| Maximum speed | Up to 28mph | 55mph or above | - | - |\n\n| Engine power | Up to 4kW | Up to 11kW | 20 to 35kW | At least 50kW |\n\n| Motorcycle weight (without rider) | - | - | - | At least 175kg |\n\n| Power to weight ratio | - | Up to 0.1kW/kg | Up to 0.2 kW/kg | - |\n\n## Automatic and semi-automatic motorcycles\n\nIf you pass your tests on a motorcycle with automatic or semi-automatic transmission, you\u2019ll only get a licence for those types of motorcycle.\n\n## Engines with restricted power\n\nYou can restrict the engine power of a motorcycle so that it fits within subcategory A2 (20 to 35kW). You cannot restrict it below half its original power.\n\nThis means that if the unrestricted power of the motorcycle is 60kW, you cannot restrict it any lower than 30kW. A motorcycle\u2019s unrestricted power must not be more than 70kW.\n\nYou must bring proof if you\u2019ve restricted a motorcycle to subcategory A2 - if you do not your test will be cancelled.\n\nThe proof must:\n\n- be on headed paper\n\n- be from a main dealer, official importer or recognised specialist\n\n- show the motorcycle\u2019s number plate (registration number)\n\nYou cannot use a dyno test certificate as proof of the restriction.\n\n## Motorcycles with variable power modes\n\nIf you use a switchable engine control unit (ECU) or variable power device, your motorcycle cannot have:\n\n- interchangeable carburettor heads\n\n- an exhaust manifold restrictor\n\n- a hidden ECU - it must be clear what power mode the motorcycle is in\n\n## Electric motorcycles\n\nYou can use an electric motorcycle or moped if it both:\n\n- has the same engine power as the petrol version\n\n- can keep that power for at least 30 minutes\n\nThis is known as the \u2018continuous power rating\u2019 - you can check this with the manufacturer.\n\n## If you have a disability\n\nYou can use a motorcycle with a sidecar for your tests if you have certain disabilities. You cannot have a passenger in the sidecar during the tests.\n\nYour licence will only let you ride motorcycles with sidecars.\n\nYou might be able to use a different vehicle if you\u2019re disabled - contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test.\n\n## Module 1 off-road test: what happens\n\nYou\u2019ll take the module 1 test in an off-road motorcycle manoeuvring area.\n\nThe test normally takes about 20 minutes and includes:\n\n- wheeling the moped or motorcycle and using the stand\n\n- riding a slalom and figure of 8\n\n- a slow ride\n\n- a U-turn\n\n- cornering and a controlled stop\n\n- cornering and an emergency stop\n\n- cornering and hazard avoidance\n\nFor the hazard avoidance and emergency stop exercises you must ride at a minimum speed of:\n\n- 19 mph on a moped\n\n- 31 mph on a motorcycle\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 1 at the end of the test.\n\nThe examiner will make a note of:\n\n- dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- serious faults - these are potentially dangerous\n\n- riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake\n\nYou\u2019ll pass module 1 if you make:\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n- no more than 5 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate - you need to take this to the module 2 test\n\nIf you\u2019re upgrading your licence through \u2018progressive access\u2019, you must pass module 2 within 6 months. You have to pass module 1 again if you do not.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another module 1 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked the module 2 test you might need to change the date, since you must pass module 1 before you can take module 2.\n\nYou\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not give 3 full days\u2019 notice to cancel your module 2 test. Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\n## Module 2 on-road test: what happens\n\nYou must pass module 1 before you can take the module 2 test.\n\nYou can book both modules at the same time, but if you do not pass module 1 you must wait 3 working days before you can retake it.\n\nThe module 2 test normally takes about 40 minutes and includes:\n\n- an eyesight check\n\n- \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions\n\n- road riding\n\n- independent riding\n\nYou must bring your module 1 pass certificate to the module 2 test, plus all the documents you had to bring to the module 1 test.\n\n## Eyesight check\n\nYou\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.\n\nYou\u2019ll fail your riding test if you fail the eyesight check.\n\n## \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions. These test that you know how to carry out basic safety checks.\n\n## Road riding\n\nYou\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways. You\u2019ll be asked to carry out:\n\n- normal stops\n\n- an angle start (pulling out from behind a parked vehicle)\n\n- a hill start (where possible)\n\nThe examiner will give you directions using a radio. They\u2019ll normally follow you on a motorcycle.\n\nDriving test routes are not published, so you can not check them before your test.\n\n## Independent riding\n\nYou\u2019ll have about 10 minutes of independent riding. This is designed to assess your ability to ride safely while making your own decisions.\n\nYou can ask the examiner to repeat the directions if you forget them - you will not fail the test if you go off the route. You can not use sat nav.\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 2 at the end of the test.\n\nThe examiner will make a note of:\n\n- dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- serious faults - these are potentially dangerous\n\n- riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake\n\nYou\u2019ll pass module 2 if you make:\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n- no more than 10 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass your test\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate\n\n- ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this\n\nYou can start riding without L plates straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.\n\nContact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou have to book another module 2 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there\u2019s bad weather\n\nYour riding test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your vehicle, or for other reasons.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nRiding tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, for example when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is in your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your vehicle\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your vehicle, for example if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules\n\n## Your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty\n\nWhen you book your tests you should say if you have a:\n\n- disability\n\n- learning difficulty\n\n- health condition\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to ride to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.\n\nIf your health condition or disability means you cannot wear a face covering to your test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nThe examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.\n\nThe examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.\n\n## Using a sign language interpreter\n\nYou can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.\n\nYour motorcycle instructor can be your interpreter.\n\nYou need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge.\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nYou\u2019ll do an eyesight check at the start of the module 2 test. The examiner will ask you to read the number plate on a parked vehicle.\n\nYou can write down what you see if you have reading difficulties.\n\n## You have learning difficulties\n\nThe examiner will make adjustments for the independent riding part of the module 2 test if you have learning difficulties.\n\nThey might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of verbal directions.\n\nYou might be able to choose to follow a set of directions using a diagram. You\u2019ll normally be asked to follow up to 3 directions at a time, but the examiner can reduce this to 2 at a time.\n\n## You\u2019re pregnant\n\nYou can take the tests at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to:\n\n- do an emergency stop\n\n- manually handle and wheel the motorcycle\n\n- do the cornering and hazard avoidance exercise", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been practicing for my motorcycle driving test for the past month and a half. I finally feel ready and have booked my test for next week. I plan on using an Automatic motorcycle, that I have been training on.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to drive a motorcycle with a manual transmission if I pass my test under these circumstances?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1750", + "question": "Scenario: I was scheduled to have my motorcycle driving test yesterday but a few hours before the appointed time I received a call that due to the worsening weather it will have to be rescheduled. They provided me with a new date that will not work with my schedule.\n\nQuestion: Can I change the date of my test?\n\nDocument - Motorcycle and moped tests:\n## Booking your tests\n\nAfter you\u2019ve passed your theory test you\u2019ll also need to pass:\n\n- an off-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 1 test\u2019)\n\n- an on-road riding test (known as the \u2018module 2 test\u2019)\n\nNormally, you can book the riding tests separately or at the same time, but you must pass the module 1 test before you take the module 2 test. There\u2019s a different fee for each module.\n\n## Motorcycle and moped tests and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nWear a face covering at the start and end of the test (when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner). If you cannot wear a face covering, you must tell DVSA when booking your appointment.\n\nYou can cancel your test appointment and get a refund if you cannot or do not want to attend because of COVID-19. Your instructor will need to cancel your test for you if they booked it.\n\n## What you need to do to pass the tests\n\nTo pass the riding tests you must be able to:\n\n- ride safely in different road and traffic conditions\n\n- show that you know The Highway Code by the way you ride\n\nThe national standard for riding mopeds and motorcycles tells you everything that you must be able to do to pass the tests.\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your tests.\n\n## What to take to your tests\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your UK photocard driving licence\n\n- your theory test pass certificate\n\n- a moped or motorbike\n\n- your compulsory basic training (CBT) certificate - unless you\u2019re taking the test to upgrade your full motorcycle licence\n\n- your module 1 test pass certificate - if you\u2019re taking your module 2 test\n\n- a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with someone who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Clothing\n\nYou must wear:\n\n- a motorcycle helmet that meets British safety standards (unless you\u2019re Sikh and wearing a turban)\n\n- motorcycle boots or other sturdy footwear that supports and protects your ankles\n\n- textile or leather motorcycle trousers or heavy denim trousers\n\n- a textile or leather motorcycle jacket or a heavy denim jacket with several layers underneath\n\n- motorcycle gloves\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering at the start and end of the test when you\u2019ll be talking to the examiner, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nIf you cannot wear a face covering at the start and end of the test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nYou should rearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time. You must do this at least 3 working days before your test date or you\u2019ll have to pay again.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nYou must bring a valid passport and your paper licence if you do not have a photocard driving licence.\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nYou must bring the photocard and paper counterpart if you have a licence from Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate\n\nContact DVSA with your:\n\n- name\n\n- address\n\n- date of birth\n\n- driving licence number\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter that you can take to your test instead of your pass certificate.\n\n## Motorcycles and mopeds you can use for the tests\n\nThe motorcycle or moped you use for your tests must:\n\n- be a solo machine - you can only use a sidecar if you have certain disabilities\n\n- have a speedometer measuring speed in miles per hour (mph)\n\n- display L plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear\n\n- be insured, taxed and roadworthy and have no engine warning lights showing\n\nRead the list of A2 and A motorcycles that can be used for riding tests.\n\n## Subcategories of motorcycles and mopeds\n\nThere are 4 subcategories of mopeds and motorcycles.\n\nIn both modules of the test, you must use:\n\n- the same subcategory as the licence you\u2019re applying for\n\n- a vehicle with the same type of transmission (manual, automatic or semi-automatic)\n\n| | Moped, tricycle or quad bike | Light motorcycle | Standard motorcycle | Unrestricted motorcycle |\n\n| Licence category | AM | A1 | A2 | A |\n\n| Minimum age of rider | 16 | 17 | 19 | 24 (direct access) or 21 (progressive access) |\n\n| Engine capacity | Up to 50cc | 120 to 125cc | At least 395cc | At least 595cc |\n\n| Maximum speed | Up to 28mph | 55mph or above | - | - |\n\n| Engine power | Up to 4kW | Up to 11kW | 20 to 35kW | At least 50kW |\n\n| Motorcycle weight (without rider) | - | - | - | At least 175kg |\n\n| Power to weight ratio | - | Up to 0.1kW/kg | Up to 0.2 kW/kg | - |\n\n## Automatic and semi-automatic motorcycles\n\nIf you pass your tests on a motorcycle with automatic or semi-automatic transmission, you\u2019ll only get a licence for those types of motorcycle.\n\n## Engines with restricted power\n\nYou can restrict the engine power of a motorcycle so that it fits within subcategory A2 (20 to 35kW). You cannot restrict it below half its original power.\n\nThis means that if the unrestricted power of the motorcycle is 60kW, you cannot restrict it any lower than 30kW. A motorcycle\u2019s unrestricted power must not be more than 70kW.\n\nYou must bring proof if you\u2019ve restricted a motorcycle to subcategory A2 - if you do not your test will be cancelled.\n\nThe proof must:\n\n- be on headed paper\n\n- be from a main dealer, official importer or recognised specialist\n\n- show the motorcycle\u2019s number plate (registration number)\n\nYou cannot use a dyno test certificate as proof of the restriction.\n\n## Motorcycles with variable power modes\n\nIf you use a switchable engine control unit (ECU) or variable power device, your motorcycle cannot have:\n\n- interchangeable carburettor heads\n\n- an exhaust manifold restrictor\n\n- a hidden ECU - it must be clear what power mode the motorcycle is in\n\n## Electric motorcycles\n\nYou can use an electric motorcycle or moped if it both:\n\n- has the same engine power as the petrol version\n\n- can keep that power for at least 30 minutes\n\nThis is known as the \u2018continuous power rating\u2019 - you can check this with the manufacturer.\n\n## If you have a disability\n\nYou can use a motorcycle with a sidecar for your tests if you have certain disabilities. You cannot have a passenger in the sidecar during the tests.\n\nYour licence will only let you ride motorcycles with sidecars.\n\nYou might be able to use a different vehicle if you\u2019re disabled - contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test.\n\n## Module 1 off-road test: what happens\n\nYou\u2019ll take the module 1 test in an off-road motorcycle manoeuvring area.\n\nThe test normally takes about 20 minutes and includes:\n\n- wheeling the moped or motorcycle and using the stand\n\n- riding a slalom and figure of 8\n\n- a slow ride\n\n- a U-turn\n\n- cornering and a controlled stop\n\n- cornering and an emergency stop\n\n- cornering and hazard avoidance\n\nFor the hazard avoidance and emergency stop exercises you must ride at a minimum speed of:\n\n- 19 mph on a moped\n\n- 31 mph on a motorcycle\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 1 at the end of the test.\n\nThe examiner will make a note of:\n\n- dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- serious faults - these are potentially dangerous\n\n- riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake\n\nYou\u2019ll pass module 1 if you make:\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n- no more than 5 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate - you need to take this to the module 2 test\n\nIf you\u2019re upgrading your licence through \u2018progressive access\u2019, you must pass module 2 within 6 months. You have to pass module 1 again if you do not.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another module 1 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked the module 2 test you might need to change the date, since you must pass module 1 before you can take module 2.\n\nYou\u2019ll lose your fee if you do not give 3 full days\u2019 notice to cancel your module 2 test. Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\n## Module 2 on-road test: what happens\n\nYou must pass module 1 before you can take the module 2 test.\n\nYou can book both modules at the same time, but if you do not pass module 1 you must wait 3 working days before you can retake it.\n\nThe module 2 test normally takes about 40 minutes and includes:\n\n- an eyesight check\n\n- \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions\n\n- road riding\n\n- independent riding\n\nYou must bring your module 1 pass certificate to the module 2 test, plus all the documents you had to bring to the module 1 test.\n\n## Eyesight check\n\nYou\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.\n\nYou\u2019ll fail your riding test if you fail the eyesight check.\n\n## \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions. These test that you know how to carry out basic safety checks.\n\n## Road riding\n\nYou\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways. You\u2019ll be asked to carry out:\n\n- normal stops\n\n- an angle start (pulling out from behind a parked vehicle)\n\n- a hill start (where possible)\n\nThe examiner will give you directions using a radio. They\u2019ll normally follow you on a motorcycle.\n\nDriving test routes are not published, so you can not check them before your test.\n\n## Independent riding\n\nYou\u2019ll have about 10 minutes of independent riding. This is designed to assess your ability to ride safely while making your own decisions.\n\nYou can ask the examiner to repeat the directions if you forget them - you will not fail the test if you go off the route. You can not use sat nav.\n\n## Your test result\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if you\u2019ve passed module 2 at the end of the test.\n\nThe examiner will make a note of:\n\n- dangerous faults - these involve actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- serious faults - these are potentially dangerous\n\n- riding faults - these are not potentially dangerous, but could become serious if you keep making the same mistake\n\nYou\u2019ll pass module 2 if you make:\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n- no more than 10 riding faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass your test\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate\n\n- ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this\n\nYou can start riding without L plates straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.\n\nContact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou have to book another module 2 test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there\u2019s bad weather\n\nYour riding test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your vehicle, or for other reasons.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nRiding tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, for example when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is in your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your vehicle\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your vehicle, for example if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules\n\n## Your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty\n\nWhen you book your tests you should say if you have a:\n\n- disability\n\n- learning difficulty\n\n- health condition\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to ride to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.\n\nIf your health condition or disability means you cannot wear a face covering to your test, you or your instructor must tell DVSA when booking.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nThe examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.\n\nThe examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.\n\n## Using a sign language interpreter\n\nYou can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.\n\nYour motorcycle instructor can be your interpreter.\n\nYou need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge.\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nYou\u2019ll do an eyesight check at the start of the module 2 test. The examiner will ask you to read the number plate on a parked vehicle.\n\nYou can write down what you see if you have reading difficulties.\n\n## You have learning difficulties\n\nThe examiner will make adjustments for the independent riding part of the module 2 test if you have learning difficulties.\n\nThey might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of verbal directions.\n\nYou might be able to choose to follow a set of directions using a diagram. You\u2019ll normally be asked to follow up to 3 directions at a time, but the examiner can reduce this to 2 at a time.\n\n## You\u2019re pregnant\n\nYou can take the tests at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to:\n\n- do an emergency stop\n\n- manually handle and wheel the motorcycle\n\n- do the cornering and hazard avoidance exercise", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was scheduled to have my motorcycle driving test yesterday but a few hours before the appointed time I received a call that due to the worsening weather it will have to be rescheduled. They provided me with a new date that will not work with my schedule.", + "original_question": "Can I change the date of my test?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1751", + "question": "Scenario: I was finally eligible to receive a Tachograph workshop smart card last year. Since the end of March is approaching I can see that it is about to expire soon.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to take any steps to renew my Tachograph workshop smart card?\n\nDocument - Setting up an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC):\n## How to apply\n\nIf you want to set up an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC), you will need to read the ATC manual and fill in form GV207.\n\nSend your application to the address on the form.\n\nYou can also contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for the form and manual.\n\n## Costs and equipment\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a3361 to register as an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC)\n\n- \u00a3148 to renew your registration each year\n\nYou can register to work on analogue tachographs, digital tachographs, or both.\n\n## Equipment\n\nThe ATC manual tells you what equipment you\u2019ll need to buy.\n\n## Who can work for you\n\nYou can only employ \u2018nominated technicians\u2019 to carry out work at an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC). They must be skilled technicians with experience working on tachographs.\n\nIf they need to road test vehicles, they must also have a driving licence for the relevant categories of vehicles they\u2019re testing.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to hold a \u2018certificate of competence\u2019 for each class of tachograph (digital, analogue or both) that they want to work on.\n\nThey\u2019ll get this only after they\u2019ve successfully completed a DVSA-approved training course. You\u2019ll find details in the ATC manual.\n\n## Tachograph workshop smart cards\n\nA tachograph workshop card is used to calibrate digital tachographs. To be eligible for a workshop card, you must:\n\n- be a nominated technician working at an Approved Tachograph Centre (ATC) with digital status\n\n- hold a digital training certificate\n\nTachograph workshop cards are issued free of charge. They are automatically renewed every year on 31 March.\n\nThe cards are issued to a nominated technician, not to a centre - this means that only the individual who has the card can use it.\n\nIf you\u2019re the nominated technician and you work at 2 workshops, you\u2019ll need a card for each workshop.\n\n## How to apply\n\nPrint off and fill in form D778B and send it to DVSA, with a copy of an up-to-date analogue and digital training certificate.\n\nOnce DVSA has checked and approved your application it will be forwarded to the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), who will issue your card to the ATC where you work.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a PIN code to use a workshop card. This will be sent to your home address, and must only be used by you.\n\nIf you enter the wrong PIN code 5 times in a row it will lock the card and you\u2019ll need to apply for a new card using form D778B. You\u2019ll also be issued with a new PIN code\n\nRead \u2018How to fill in your application for a digital tachograph workshop card (D778B)\u2019 before you fill in the form.\n\nFor more help, contact the DVSA helpline.\n\n## Working with tachograph workshop cards\n\nWorkshop cards can hold:\n\n- details of 88 calibrations\n\n- a small amount of events and faults data\n\nA workshop card must not be used instead of a company card. If you have a card used by your calibration centre, this must only be used in accordance with the tachograph centre\u2019s duties and not as a substitute company card.\n\nAll insertions of a card are recorded on the vehicle unit and the card.\n\n## Renewal of workshop cards\n\nDVLA sends a renewal list to DVSA 2 months before a card\u2019s expiry. This is then checked and returned to DVLA with details of technicians whose cards can be renewed.\n\nYou must report any lost or stolen cards to DVSA and the police immediately.\n\nIf your card is lost or stolen, you can apply for a replacement by printing off and filling in form D778B to DVSA. You\u2019ll need to provide a police incident reference number for stolen cards.\n\n## If your card stops working\n\nTry using the card in a different vehicle unit. If it still does not work, print off and fill in form D778B and sent it with the faulty card to DVSA to get a new card.\n\nAny misuse of workshop cards may lead to the withdrawal of your nominated technician and tachograph centre\u2019s approval.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/setting-up-an-approved-tachograph-centre", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was finally eligible to receive a Tachograph workshop smart card last year. Since the end of March is approaching I can see that it is about to expire soon.", + "original_question": "Do I need to take any steps to renew my Tachograph workshop smart card?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1754", + "question": "Scenario: I recently got hired as an apprentice as a mechanic shop. I thought I had landed myself a sweet gig, earning some money whilst doing something I have a lot of passion for. It was either this or a waiter position at a local restaurant. I chose to earn a bit less money but enjoy my time more. The monetary compensation is still quite important to me however, since I want to buy myself a car before I start college, after my gap year. I fell sick last week and my employer says that I will not receive sick pay despite the fact that I have shown all necessary proof.\n\nQuestion: Do I have the right to sick pay as an apprentice?\n\nDocument - Employing an apprentice:\n## Overview\n\nApprentices are aged 16 or over and combine working with studying to gain skills and knowledge in a specific job.\n\nApprentices can be new or current employees.\n\nYou must pay the apprentice at least the minimum wage.\n\nYour apprentice must:\n\n- work with experienced staff\n\n- learn job-specific skills\n\n- get time for training or study during their working week (at least 20% of their normal working hours)\n\n## Hiring your apprentice\n\nThere are several steps to taking on an apprentice.\n\n- Choose an apprenticeship for your business or organisation.\n\n- Find an organisation that offers training for the apprenticeship you\u2019ve chosen.\n\n- Check what funding is available for training and other costs to your organisation.\n\n- Advertise your apprenticeship - you or your training provider can do this through the recruit an apprentice service.\n\n- Select your apprentice and make an apprenticeship agreement and commitment statement with them.\n\nIf you do not want to hire and train the apprentice yourself, you can use an apprenticeship training agency. The apprentice will be employed by the agency but will work in your organisation.\n\n## How long it lasts\n\nApprenticeships must last for at least a year. They can last up to 5 years depending on the level the apprentice is studying.\n\n## Get help\n\nFill in the enquiry form or contact the National Apprenticeship Service for more information.\n\nYou can get more information or use the webchat service on the apprenticeship service employer support site.\n\n## Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nContact your apprenticeship authority if you\u2019re an employer in:\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n## Get funding\n\nYou can get help from the government:\n\n- to pay for apprenticeship training and assessment\n\n- as an incentive payment for other costs\n\n## Help to pay for apprenticeship training and assessment\n\nThe amount you get depends on whether you pay the apprenticeship levy or not. You pay the levy if you\u2019re an employer with a pay bill over \u00a33 million each year.\n\n## If you do not need to pay the levy\n\nYou pay 5% towards the cost of training and assessing your apprentice. You need to:\n\n- agree a payment schedule with the training provider\n\n- pay them directly for the training\n\nThe government will pay the rest (95%) up to the funding band maximum. They\u2019ll pay it directly to the training provider.\n\nYou could be eligible for extra funding depending on both your and your apprentice\u2019s circumstances.\n\nYou contribute 10% towards the cost of training and assessing your apprentice and the government pays the rest (90%) if your apprentice started before 1 April 2019. This rate continues until your apprentice completes their training.\n\n## If you pay the levy\n\nYou\u2019ll receive funds to spend on training and assessing your apprentices. The government will add 10%.\n\nHow you get your funds and pay for training depends on whether you\u2019re in:\n\n- England\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n## Help to pay for other costs\n\nYou can claim for an incentive payment for new apprentices who join your organisation.\n\nYou can claim \u00a33,000 for apprentices who start between 1 April 2021 and 30 September 2021.\n\nThe closing date for applications is 30 November 2021.\n\nFind out if you are eligible, what you can use the payment for and how to apply.\n\n## Register for a digital service account\n\nRegister for an apprenticeship service account to access funds or pay for training. You\u2019ll be able to apply for the incentive payment after you add new apprentices to your account.\n\nIf you pay the apprenticeship levy and use an apprenticeship training agency, you cannot use funds from your digital account to pay for the training agency\u2019s services.\n\n## Get help\n\nFill in the enquiry form or contact the National Apprenticeship Service for more information.\n\nYou can get more information or use the webchat service on the apprenticeship service employer support site.\n\n## Pay and conditions for apprentices\n\nYou are responsible for:\n\n- giving your apprentice their contract of employment\n\n- paying your apprentice\u2019s wage\n\n- signing an apprenticeship agreement\n\n## Pay for apprentices\n\nYou must pay apprentices at least the National Minimum Wage.\n\nThere\u2019s different rates of pay for apprentices depending on their age and what year of their apprenticeship they\u2019ve completed.\n\nThe contract of employment should make it clear what wage you\u2019ll pay your apprentice and for what hours.\n\n## Aged 16 to 18\n\nThe current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.\n\n## Aged 19 or over and in their first year\n\nThe current National Minimum Wage rate for an apprentice is \u00a34.30 per hour.\n\n## Aged 19 or over and have completed their first year\n\nApprentices will be entitled to the National Minimum Wage or National Living Wage rate for their age.\n\nUse the National Minimum Wage and Living Wage calculator to check if you\u2019re paying your apprentices correctly.\n\n## Conditions\n\nApprentices must work towards an approved apprenticeship. Their training must last at least 12 months.\n\nThey must be employed in a real job that gives them the opportunity to gain the knowledge and skills they need to pass their assessment.\n\n## Training and study\n\nYou must pay your apprentice for time spent training or studying for their apprenticeship.\n\nApprentices must spend at least 20% of their normal working hours training.\n\nThe training might take place:\n\n- at their place of work\n\n- somewhere else (for example, a college or training provider)\n\n- online\n\nIf your apprentice is also studying for English or maths qualifications required by their apprenticeship, they are entitled to paid study time during their normal working hours.\n\n## Employee rights\n\nYou must offer apprentices the same conditions as other employees working at similar grades or in similar roles. This includes:\n\n- paid holidays\n\n- sick pay\n\n- any benefits you offer such as childcare voucher schemes\n\n- any support you offer such as coaching or mentoring\n\n## Apprentices and redundancy\n\nApprentices have the same employment rights as your other employees. Follow the process for making staff redundant if you have to make an apprentice redundant.\n\nGet legal advice if you want to end the apprenticeship early for another reason.\n\n## Support for apprentices\n\nYour apprentice can get support if they\u2019re being made redundant or are at risk of redundancy.\n\nThey can get:\n\n- financial and legal advice\n\n- support for their health and wellbeing\n\n- help finding another apprenticeship\n\n## Make an apprenticeship agreement\n\nYou must sign an apprenticeship agreement with your apprentice.\n\nThis gives details of:\n\n- the skill, trade or occupation the apprentice is being trained for\n\n- the name of the apprenticeship they\u2019re working towards\n\n- the start and end dates for the apprenticeship\n\n- the amount of training you\u2019ll give them\n\nYou can write your own apprentice agreement or download an apprenticeship agreement template.\n\n## Commitment statement\n\nYou must sign a commitment statement with your apprentice and the training provider.\n\nYou can write your own commitment statement or use the ESFA apprenticeship commitment statement template.\n\nIt must include:\n\n- the planned content and schedule for training\n\n- what is expected and offered by the employer, the training provider and the apprentice\n\n- how to resolve queries or complaints", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employing-an-apprentice", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently got hired as an apprentice as a mechanic shop. I thought I had landed myself a sweet gig, earning some money whilst doing something I have a lot of passion for. It was either this or a waiter position at a local restaurant. I chose to earn a bit less money but enjoy my time more. The monetary compensation is still quite important to me however, since I want to buy myself a car before I start college, after my gap year. I fell sick last week and my employer says that I will not receive sick pay despite the fact that I have shown all necessary proof.", + "original_question": "Do I have the right to sick pay as an apprentice?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1755", + "question": "Scenario: I have always been passionate about motorcycles and have personally been driving mine for over 8 years now. A friend of mine recently pointed out the DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer program which got me intrigued immediately. I have already began the application process and am doing as much research as possible on everything I might need.\n\nQuestion: Is the theory test portion just a multiple-choice quiz?\n\nDocument - DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer:\n## Overview\n\nYou can become a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer if you want to train fully qualified motorcyclists in the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.\n\nThis is the new name for the register of post-test motorcycle trainers (RPMT).\n\nThe scheme provides training for people who:\n\n- have recently passed their motorcycle test\n\n- are upgrading to a bigger bike\n\n- are returning to riding after a break\n\n- want to improve their skills to be a better, safer rider\n\nWhen you qualify, your details will be given to motorcyclists looking for training.\n\n## Who can become a trainer\n\nTo become a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer you must:\n\n- be 21 or older\n\n- have had a full category A or A2 motorcycle licence for at least 3 years\n\n## Trainer test and registration fees\n\n| Fee type | Price |\n\n| Theory test | \u00a366 |\n\n| Registration and renewal fee (1 year) | \u00a390 |\n\n| Registration and renewal fee (4 years) | \u00a3240 |\n\n## Ways to become a trainer\n\n- Apply to become a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer.\n\n- Get an advanced riding qualification if you do not already have one.\n\n- Pass a theory test.\n\n- If you\u2019re not a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor, you also need to take a training course accredited by DVSA.\n\nYou must complete the training course within 2 years of passing the theory test, or you\u2019ll have to start the process again.\n\n## Advanced riding qualifications\n\nThe advanced riding qualifications that are accepted are:\n\n- BMF Blue Riband rider award (gold or silver grade)\n\n- DVSA special test (gold or silver grade)\n\n- IAM Advanced Rider Course\n\n- RoSPA advanced riding test (gold or silver grade)\n\n- Diamond advanced motorcycle test or Diamond elite motorcycle test (if taken after 1 January 2017)\n\n## Taking the theory test\n\nYou can book your instructor theory test when the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) has accepted your application to join the register.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test - multiple-choice questions and hazard perception. You have to pass both parts.\n\nYou have 3 attempts to pass the test. If you fail the third attempt, you have to wait 12 months before you can take it again.\n\n## Documents to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right documents with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer 100 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions\n\n## How the questions work\n\nThere are 25 questions in each of these 4 categories:\n\n- rider practices and procedures, road and traffic signs, and motorway riding\n\n- rider responsibilities, rider attitude, riders and the law, and environmental issues\n\n- motorcycle and rider safety, motorcycle dynamics and handling, and dealing with incidents\n\n- development and training, instructional and coaching techniques, and hazard perception\n\nTo pass the multiple-choice part, you must get both:\n\n- an overall score of at least 85 out of 100\n\n- at least 20 out of 25 in each of the 4 categories of questions\n\n## Hazard perception\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips featuring everyday road scenes. These will contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019.\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard. You need to score at least 57 points out of 75 to pass this part.\n\n## Managing your registration\n\nYou must carry your Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer certificate with you whenever you are giving training.\n\n## Renewing your registration\n\nYour registration lasts for either 1 year or 4 years. The registration and renewal fee is:\n\n- \u00a390 for 1 year\n\n- \u00a3240 for 4 years\n\nYou should apply to renew your registration at least 2 weeks before your current registration runs out.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for remembering when to renew your registration.\n\nTo renew, download the application form and send it to DVSA.\n\n## If your registration expired in the last 12 months\n\nYou can re-register using the same form. You will not have to go through the qualifying process again.\n\n## Standards checks and monitoring\n\nYou must take a standards check to make sure you can continue to be a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer. DVSA will contact you to arrange this.\n\nA DVSA examiner will watch you train a pupil to assess your training skills.\n\nHow you\u2019re checked depends on whether you\u2019re a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.\n\n## If you\u2019re a DAS instructor\n\nYour standards check will be based on a DVSA enhanced rider scheme lesson.\n\nYou must score 43 or more out of 51 to continue being an enhanced rider scheme trainer.\n\nIf you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as an enhanced rider scheme trainer.\n\n## If you cannot carry out a lesson because there\u2019s no pupil available\n\nThe DVSA examiner will carry out a motorcycle trainer standards check while you provide compulsory basic training (CBT). You need to score 43 or above to pass.\n\nIf you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as an enhanced rider scheme trainer, and will need to restart the qualification process. You can also be removed from the CBT instructor register.\n\n## If you\u2019re not a DAS instructor\n\nYou must take a standards check within the first year of qualifying as a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer. DVSA will contact you to arrange this.\n\nYour standards check will be based on a DVSA enhanced rider scheme lesson.\n\nYou must score 43 or more out of 51 to pass.\n\nIf you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as a trainer.\n\nIf this happens and you want to continue as a trainer, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- have an up to date recognised advanced rider qualification\n\n- pass another theory test\n\n- take additional training at an approved enhanced rider scheme trainer centre and provide proof of the development you\u2019ve taken\n\n## Documents to record training\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will email you the following documents when you first qualify:\n\n- DVSA enhanced rider scheme syllabus and list of modules\n\n- rider\u2019s log book\n\n- details of how to issue the DVSA certificate of competence\n\nUse these to provide and record training, and to issue certificates to riders who complete the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.\n\nYou\u2019ll also be sent leaflets and posters you can use to advertise the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.\n\n## If you lose your documents\n\nContact DVSA to get the documents sent again.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dvsa-enhanced-rider-scheme-trainer", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have always been passionate about motorcycles and have personally been driving mine for over 8 years now. A friend of mine recently pointed out the DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer program which got me intrigued immediately. I have already began the application process and am doing as much research as possible on everything I might need.", + "original_question": "Is the theory test portion just a multiple-choice quiz?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1756", + "question": "Scenario: This is my first year working as an enhanced rider trainer. I recently remembered that I will be subjected to a standards check in the next few months. The problem is my personal life has been a mess which has impacted both the amount of work I am capable of doing as well as its quality.\n\nQuestion: Is there a chance that I can continue as a trainer if I fail the standards check twice?\n\nDocument - DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer:\n## Overview\n\nYou can become a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer if you want to train fully qualified motorcyclists in the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.\n\nThis is the new name for the register of post-test motorcycle trainers (RPMT).\n\nThe scheme provides training for people who:\n\n- have recently passed their motorcycle test\n\n- are upgrading to a bigger bike\n\n- are returning to riding after a break\n\n- want to improve their skills to be a better, safer rider\n\nWhen you qualify, your details will be given to motorcyclists looking for training.\n\n## Who can become a trainer\n\nTo become a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer you must:\n\n- be 21 or older\n\n- have had a full category A or A2 motorcycle licence for at least 3 years\n\n## Trainer test and registration fees\n\n| Fee type | Price |\n\n| Theory test | \u00a366 |\n\n| Registration and renewal fee (1 year) | \u00a390 |\n\n| Registration and renewal fee (4 years) | \u00a3240 |\n\n## Ways to become a trainer\n\n- Apply to become a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer.\n\n- Get an advanced riding qualification if you do not already have one.\n\n- Pass a theory test.\n\n- If you\u2019re not a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor, you also need to take a training course accredited by DVSA.\n\nYou must complete the training course within 2 years of passing the theory test, or you\u2019ll have to start the process again.\n\n## Advanced riding qualifications\n\nThe advanced riding qualifications that are accepted are:\n\n- BMF Blue Riband rider award (gold or silver grade)\n\n- DVSA special test (gold or silver grade)\n\n- IAM Advanced Rider Course\n\n- RoSPA advanced riding test (gold or silver grade)\n\n- Diamond advanced motorcycle test or Diamond elite motorcycle test (if taken after 1 January 2017)\n\n## Taking the theory test\n\nYou can book your instructor theory test when the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) has accepted your application to join the register.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test - multiple-choice questions and hazard perception. You have to pass both parts.\n\nYou have 3 attempts to pass the test. If you fail the third attempt, you have to wait 12 months before you can take it again.\n\n## Documents to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right documents with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 1 hour and 30 minutes to answer 100 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions\n\n## How the questions work\n\nThere are 25 questions in each of these 4 categories:\n\n- rider practices and procedures, road and traffic signs, and motorway riding\n\n- rider responsibilities, rider attitude, riders and the law, and environmental issues\n\n- motorcycle and rider safety, motorcycle dynamics and handling, and dealing with incidents\n\n- development and training, instructional and coaching techniques, and hazard perception\n\nTo pass the multiple-choice part, you must get both:\n\n- an overall score of at least 85 out of 100\n\n- at least 20 out of 25 in each of the 4 categories of questions\n\n## Hazard perception\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips featuring everyday road scenes. These will contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019.\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard. You need to score at least 57 points out of 75 to pass this part.\n\n## Managing your registration\n\nYou must carry your Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer certificate with you whenever you are giving training.\n\n## Renewing your registration\n\nYour registration lasts for either 1 year or 4 years. The registration and renewal fee is:\n\n- \u00a390 for 1 year\n\n- \u00a3240 for 4 years\n\nYou should apply to renew your registration at least 2 weeks before your current registration runs out.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for remembering when to renew your registration.\n\nTo renew, download the application form and send it to DVSA.\n\n## If your registration expired in the last 12 months\n\nYou can re-register using the same form. You will not have to go through the qualifying process again.\n\n## Standards checks and monitoring\n\nYou must take a standards check to make sure you can continue to be a Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) enhanced rider scheme trainer. DVSA will contact you to arrange this.\n\nA DVSA examiner will watch you train a pupil to assess your training skills.\n\nHow you\u2019re checked depends on whether you\u2019re a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.\n\n## If you\u2019re a DAS instructor\n\nYour standards check will be based on a DVSA enhanced rider scheme lesson.\n\nYou must score 43 or more out of 51 to continue being an enhanced rider scheme trainer.\n\nIf you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as an enhanced rider scheme trainer.\n\n## If you cannot carry out a lesson because there\u2019s no pupil available\n\nThe DVSA examiner will carry out a motorcycle trainer standards check while you provide compulsory basic training (CBT). You need to score 43 or above to pass.\n\nIf you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as an enhanced rider scheme trainer, and will need to restart the qualification process. You can also be removed from the CBT instructor register.\n\n## If you\u2019re not a DAS instructor\n\nYou must take a standards check within the first year of qualifying as a DVSA enhanced rider scheme trainer. DVSA will contact you to arrange this.\n\nYour standards check will be based on a DVSA enhanced rider scheme lesson.\n\nYou must score 43 or more out of 51 to pass.\n\nIf you do not pass, you\u2019ll need to take another standards check. If you fail a second time, you will not be allowed to continue as a trainer.\n\nIf this happens and you want to continue as a trainer, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- have an up to date recognised advanced rider qualification\n\n- pass another theory test\n\n- take additional training at an approved enhanced rider scheme trainer centre and provide proof of the development you\u2019ve taken\n\n## Documents to record training\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will email you the following documents when you first qualify:\n\n- DVSA enhanced rider scheme syllabus and list of modules\n\n- rider\u2019s log book\n\n- details of how to issue the DVSA certificate of competence\n\nUse these to provide and record training, and to issue certificates to riders who complete the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.\n\nYou\u2019ll also be sent leaflets and posters you can use to advertise the DVSA enhanced rider scheme.\n\n## If you lose your documents\n\nContact DVSA to get the documents sent again.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dvsa-enhanced-rider-scheme-trainer", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "This is my first year working as an enhanced rider trainer. I recently remembered that I will be subjected to a standards check in the next few months. The problem is my personal life has been a mess which has impacted both the amount of work I am capable of doing as well as its quality.", + "original_question": "Is there a chance that I can continue as a trainer if I fail the standards check twice?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1757", + "question": "Scenario: I recently turned 19 and will be continuing on the last year of my software engineering course. I started the course 2 years ago after a friend's work in the field inspired me to follow in his footsteps.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible for the 16 to 19 Bursary under these conditions?\n\nDocument - 16 to 19 Bursary Fund:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get a bursary to help with education-related costs if you\u2019re aged 16 to 19 and:\n\n- studying at a publicly funded school or college in England - not a university\n\n- on a training course, including unpaid work experience\n\nA publicly funded school is one that does not charge you for attending it.\n\nThere\u2019s a different scheme in Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019re 19 and over\n\nYou could also get a bursary if you either:\n\n- are continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201919+ continuer\u2019)\n\n- have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP)\n\n## What a bursary is for\n\nA bursary is money that you, or your education or training provider, can use to pay for things like:\n\n- clothing, books and other equipment for your course\n\n- transport and lunch on days you study or train\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere are 2 types of 16 to 19 bursary:\n\n- a bursary for students in vulnerable groups\n\n- a discretionary bursary\n\n## Bursary for students in vulnerable groups\n\nYou could get a bursary worth up to \u00a31,200, depending on your circumstances and benefits.\n\n## Discretionary bursary\n\nYou could get a discretionary bursary if you need financial help but do not qualify for a bursary for students in vulnerable groups. Your education or training provider decides how much you get and what it\u2019s used for.\n\nIf you\u2019re over 19, you\u2019ll only be eligible for a discretionary bursary.\n\nYour provider will decide how you get your bursary. You might get:\n\n- an instalment paid by cash, cheque or bank transfer\n\n- things like a travel pass, free meals or books\n\nSome providers also offer one-off payments to cover study trips or travel for university interviews.\n\nYour provider could stop payments if you break their rules, for example about attendance or how your bursary is used.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- be at least 16 and under 19 on 31 August 2021\n\n- study at a publicly funded school or college, or be on an unpaid training course\n\n- meet the residency requirements - your school or college can check this\n\n## Bursary for students in vulnerable groups\n\nYou may be able to get a bursary if at least one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re in or you recently left local authority care\n\n- you get Income Support or Universal Credit because you\u2019re financially supporting yourself\n\n- you get Disability Living Allowance (DLA) in your name and either Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) or Universal Credit\n\n- you get Personal Independence Payment (PIP) in your name and either ESA or Universal Credit\n\nThe amount you may get depends on the costs you have and what you need for your course. This might include money for books, equipment or travel costs to school or college.\n\n## Discretionary bursary\n\nYour school or college will have their own criteria for discretionary bursaries. They\u2019ll look at your individual circumstances - this usually includes your family income.\n\nAsk student services about their criteria and any evidence you\u2019ll need.\n\nYou can apply to a discretionary bursary if you\u2019re over 19 and either:\n\n- continuing on a course you started aged 16 to 18 (known as being a \u201819+ continuer\u2019)\n\n- have an Education, Health and Care Plan (EHCP)\n\n## How to claim\n\nApply to your school, college or training provider. Ask student services or your tutor to explain what you need to do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nApply once you know where you\u2019ll study or train, so you\u2019ll get your bursary as soon as possible.\n\nYou might need to reapply for a bursary for each year of your course. Check with your provider.\n\n## Help\n\nYour tutor or student services can help you decide if you\u2019re eligible for a bursary and explain how to apply.\n\nContact the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA) if your tutor or student services cannot answer your question.\n\n## You think a decision is unfair\n\nSpeak to student services if you\u2019re unhappy with a decision. Follow their complaints process if you cannot resolve the problem.\n\n## Emergencies and hardship\n\nYou might be able to get more support if your circumstances change or you have an emergency. Your provider might also have a separate hardship fund. Speak to student services if you need extra help.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/1619-bursary-fund", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently turned 19 and will be continuing on the last year of my software engineering course. I started the course 2 years ago after a friend's work in the field inspired me to follow in his footsteps.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible for the 16 to 19 Bursary under these conditions?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1759", + "question": "Scenario: I recently moved to the UK from Germany with my wife. We have not bought a car yet but are thinking of doing so. We decided to look into how our existing driving licenses might speed up the process of getting permission to drive in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Can we use our existing licenses to take the driving test?\n\nDocument - Driving disqualifications:\n## Overview\n\nYou can be banned (disqualified) from driving if you are either:\n\n- convicted of a driving offence\n\n- get 12 or more penalty points (endorsements) within 3 years\n\nYou\u2019ll get a summons in the post that tells you when you must go to court.\n\nSome disqualification rules are different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## How long a driving ban will last\n\nThe court will decide how long the disqualification will last, based on how serious they think the offence is.\n\nYou can be banned from driving if you already have 12 or more penalty points on your licence. Your ban can last:\n\n- 6 months, if you get 12 or more penalty points within 3 years\n\n- 12 months, if you get a second disqualification within 3 years\n\n- 2 years, if you get a third disqualification within 3 years\n\n## Disqualified for 56 days or more\n\nIf you\u2019re disqualified for 56 days or more you must apply for a new licence before driving again.\n\nYou might also have to retake your driving test or take an extended driving test before getting your full licence. The court will tell you if you have to do this.\n\n## Disqualified for less than 56 days\n\nView your driving licence record online to check the disqualification. You cannot drive until it has ended.\n\nYou do not need to apply for a new licence before you can drive again.\n\n## Disqualification outside Great Britain\n\nYou cannot drive in Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man if you\u2019ve been banned from driving on your Great Britain driving licence.\n\nThis is called \u2018mutual recognition of disqualification\u2019. Disqualified drivers from Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man are also banned from driving in Great Britain.\n\n## Check when your disqualification ends\n\nYou can find the date your driving ban ends:\n\n- online\n\n- on the reminder form D27 that DVLA sends you 56 days before your disqualification ends\n\n- on the D27PH letter issued 90 days before certain drink-related disqualifications end\n\n- by contacting DVLA (if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact DVA)\n\n## Apply to reduce your disqualification period\n\nYou can ask the court to reduce your disqualification period after you\u2019ve been banned from driving for:\n\n- 2 years - if the disqualification was for fewer than 4 years\n\n- half the disqualification period - if it was for at least 4 but under 10 years\n\n- 5 years - if the disqualification was for 10 years or more\n\nYou must have a good reason for asking for the disqualification to be reduced. For example, if you think the court made a legal mistake or there were reasons you committed the driving offence that the court did not take into account.\n\nWrite to the court that disqualified you with the date of offence, date of conviction and any other supporting information.\n\nThe court will tell DVLA if it decides to reduce your disqualification period. If it does, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new licence.\n\nIf the court refuses your request you have to wait 3 months before you can ask again.\n\n## If your disqualification is reduced\n\n## Car or motorbike licences\n\nApply for a new licence by sending DVLA a completed form D1 \u2018Application for a driving licence\u2019, available from the DVLA form ordering service or most Post Offices. You must pay a fee.\n\n## Lorry or bus licences\n\nApply for a new licence by sending DVLA a completed form D2 \u2018Application for a lorry/bus licence\u2019, available from the DVLA form ordering service. You must pay a fee.\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nApply to the DVA to renew your licence.\n\n## If you need to retake your test\n\nIf the court told you that you must take another driving test before driving again, you\u2019ll have to apply for a new provisional licence.\n\nYou can drive as soon as your ban is over and you\u2019ve passed the tests you need to take.\n\n## How to get a new licence\n\n- DVLA will send you a reminder 56 days before your disqualification ends - use this to apply for a new provisional driving licence. If you did not get a reminder, order an application form instead. Order form D1 for a car and motorbike licence or form D2 for a lorry and bus licence.\n\n- Book and take a theory and practical test (or compulsory basic training and motorcycle practical test if you ride a motorcycle). Book and take an extended practical test if the court told you to take one. The extended practical test lasts at least 60 minutes and has higher fees.\n\n- When you\u2019ve passed the practical test, ask the examiner to arrange for your new licence to be sent to you - you can legally drive as soon as you\u2019ve passed the practical test.\n\nIf you want to drive a large vehicle (category C) or a bus (category D) the local traffic commissioner must agree - DVLA will ask them when you apply for your new full licence.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019ve got a licence from an EU country\n\nDo not apply for a provisional licence - you can use your EU driving licence to take the test instead.\n\nFollow the usual rules for learning to drive until you retake your test and pass.\n\n## Changes to your name and address while disqualified\n\nTell DVLA if you change your name or address while disqualified.\n\nWrite with details of your old and new address, name if changed, your driving licence number (if known) and date of birth.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Disqualification for drink-driving\n\nYou can be disqualified if you\u2019re found guilty of drink-driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply for a new licence after your disqualification ends.\n\nIf you\u2019re disqualified from driving for 12 months or more, you might be able to reduce your ban by taking a drink-drive rehabilitation course.\n\n## High risk offenders\n\nIf you\u2019re a \u2018high risk offender\u2019, you will not get your new licence until you can prove you\u2019re fit to drive again. You\u2019ll need to pass a medical examination with one of DVLA\u2019s appointed doctors.\n\nYou\u2019re a high risk offender if you:\n\n- were convicted of 2 drink driving offences within 10 years\n\n- were driving with an alcohol reading of at least 87.5 microgrammes of alcohol per 100 millilitres (ml) of breath, 200 milligrammes (mg) of alcohol per 100 ml of blood, or 267.5 mg of alcohol per 100 ml of urine\n\n- refused to give the police a sample of breath, blood or urine to test for alcohol\n\n- refused to allow a sample of your blood to be tested for alcohol (for example if it was taken when you were unconscious)\n\nYou\u2019ll get a D27PH renewal form 90 days before your disqualification ends. You must fill in the form and send it to DVLA to reapply for your licence.\n\n## Medical examination with a DVLA doctor\n\nOnce DVLA receive your application for a new licence, they\u2019ll send you the doctors details so you can make an appointment.\n\nYou have to pay for your examination.\n\nDuring the examination, you\u2019ll:\n\n- complete a questionnaire about your medical history and use of alcohol\n\n- take part in a physical examination\n\n- have your blood tested\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Disqualification for drug driving\n\nYou can be disqualified from driving for at least 1 year if you\u2019re found guilty of drug driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.\n\nYou must apply for a new licence before you can drive again.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-disqualifications", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently moved to the UK from Germany with my wife. We have not bought a car yet but are thinking of doing so. We decided to look into how our existing driving licenses might speed up the process of getting permission to drive in the UK.", + "original_question": "Can we use our existing licenses to take the driving test?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1760", + "question": "Scenario: Around 6 months ago I was in a very dark place emotionally. I let life get to me and was drinking excessively believing that self destruction is the only way for me. This thinking led me to drink and drive and in term get my license suspended for 18 months. A lot has changed since then, I have met some amazing people and am slowly piecing my life back together.\n\nQuestion: Is there a way for me to reduce the time of my driving disqualification?\n\nDocument - Driving disqualifications:\n## Overview\n\nYou can be banned (disqualified) from driving if you are either:\n\n- convicted of a driving offence\n\n- get 12 or more penalty points (endorsements) within 3 years\n\nYou\u2019ll get a summons in the post that tells you when you must go to court.\n\nSome disqualification rules are different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## How long a driving ban will last\n\nThe court will decide how long the disqualification will last, based on how serious they think the offence is.\n\nYou can be banned from driving if you already have 12 or more penalty points on your licence. Your ban can last:\n\n- 6 months, if you get 12 or more penalty points within 3 years\n\n- 12 months, if you get a second disqualification within 3 years\n\n- 2 years, if you get a third disqualification within 3 years\n\n## Disqualified for 56 days or more\n\nIf you\u2019re disqualified for 56 days or more you must apply for a new licence before driving again.\n\nYou might also have to retake your driving test or take an extended driving test before getting your full licence. The court will tell you if you have to do this.\n\n## Disqualified for less than 56 days\n\nView your driving licence record online to check the disqualification. You cannot drive until it has ended.\n\nYou do not need to apply for a new licence before you can drive again.\n\n## Disqualification outside Great Britain\n\nYou cannot drive in Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man if you\u2019ve been banned from driving on your Great Britain driving licence.\n\nThis is called \u2018mutual recognition of disqualification\u2019. Disqualified drivers from Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man are also banned from driving in Great Britain.\n\n## Check when your disqualification ends\n\nYou can find the date your driving ban ends:\n\n- online\n\n- on the reminder form D27 that DVLA sends you 56 days before your disqualification ends\n\n- on the D27PH letter issued 90 days before certain drink-related disqualifications end\n\n- by contacting DVLA (if you\u2019re in Northern Ireland, contact DVA)\n\n## Apply to reduce your disqualification period\n\nYou can ask the court to reduce your disqualification period after you\u2019ve been banned from driving for:\n\n- 2 years - if the disqualification was for fewer than 4 years\n\n- half the disqualification period - if it was for at least 4 but under 10 years\n\n- 5 years - if the disqualification was for 10 years or more\n\nYou must have a good reason for asking for the disqualification to be reduced. For example, if you think the court made a legal mistake or there were reasons you committed the driving offence that the court did not take into account.\n\nWrite to the court that disqualified you with the date of offence, date of conviction and any other supporting information.\n\nThe court will tell DVLA if it decides to reduce your disqualification period. If it does, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new licence.\n\nIf the court refuses your request you have to wait 3 months before you can ask again.\n\n## If your disqualification is reduced\n\n## Car or motorbike licences\n\nApply for a new licence by sending DVLA a completed form D1 \u2018Application for a driving licence\u2019, available from the DVLA form ordering service or most Post Offices. You must pay a fee.\n\n## Lorry or bus licences\n\nApply for a new licence by sending DVLA a completed form D2 \u2018Application for a lorry/bus licence\u2019, available from the DVLA form ordering service. You must pay a fee.\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nApply to the DVA to renew your licence.\n\n## If you need to retake your test\n\nIf the court told you that you must take another driving test before driving again, you\u2019ll have to apply for a new provisional licence.\n\nYou can drive as soon as your ban is over and you\u2019ve passed the tests you need to take.\n\n## How to get a new licence\n\n- DVLA will send you a reminder 56 days before your disqualification ends - use this to apply for a new provisional driving licence. If you did not get a reminder, order an application form instead. Order form D1 for a car and motorbike licence or form D2 for a lorry and bus licence.\n\n- Book and take a theory and practical test (or compulsory basic training and motorcycle practical test if you ride a motorcycle). Book and take an extended practical test if the court told you to take one. The extended practical test lasts at least 60 minutes and has higher fees.\n\n- When you\u2019ve passed the practical test, ask the examiner to arrange for your new licence to be sent to you - you can legally drive as soon as you\u2019ve passed the practical test.\n\nIf you want to drive a large vehicle (category C) or a bus (category D) the local traffic commissioner must agree - DVLA will ask them when you apply for your new full licence.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you\u2019ve got a licence from an EU country\n\nDo not apply for a provisional licence - you can use your EU driving licence to take the test instead.\n\nFollow the usual rules for learning to drive until you retake your test and pass.\n\n## Changes to your name and address while disqualified\n\nTell DVLA if you change your name or address while disqualified.\n\nWrite with details of your old and new address, name if changed, your driving licence number (if known) and date of birth.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Disqualification for drink-driving\n\nYou can be disqualified if you\u2019re found guilty of drink-driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply for a new licence after your disqualification ends.\n\nIf you\u2019re disqualified from driving for 12 months or more, you might be able to reduce your ban by taking a drink-drive rehabilitation course.\n\n## High risk offenders\n\nIf you\u2019re a \u2018high risk offender\u2019, you will not get your new licence until you can prove you\u2019re fit to drive again. You\u2019ll need to pass a medical examination with one of DVLA\u2019s appointed doctors.\n\nYou\u2019re a high risk offender if you:\n\n- were convicted of 2 drink driving offences within 10 years\n\n- were driving with an alcohol reading of at least 87.5 microgrammes of alcohol per 100 millilitres (ml) of breath, 200 milligrammes (mg) of alcohol per 100 ml of blood, or 267.5 mg of alcohol per 100 ml of urine\n\n- refused to give the police a sample of breath, blood or urine to test for alcohol\n\n- refused to allow a sample of your blood to be tested for alcohol (for example if it was taken when you were unconscious)\n\nYou\u2019ll get a D27PH renewal form 90 days before your disqualification ends. You must fill in the form and send it to DVLA to reapply for your licence.\n\n## Medical examination with a DVLA doctor\n\nOnce DVLA receive your application for a new licence, they\u2019ll send you the doctors details so you can make an appointment.\n\nYou have to pay for your examination.\n\nDuring the examination, you\u2019ll:\n\n- complete a questionnaire about your medical history and use of alcohol\n\n- take part in a physical examination\n\n- have your blood tested\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Disqualification for drug driving\n\nYou can be disqualified from driving for at least 1 year if you\u2019re found guilty of drug driving. Depending on your offence, you can also be fined or sent to prison.\n\nYou must apply for a new licence before you can drive again.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-disqualifications", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Around 6 months ago I was in a very dark place emotionally. I let life get to me and was drinking excessively believing that self destruction is the only way for me. This thinking led me to drink and drive and in term get my license suspended for 18 months. A lot has changed since then, I have met some amazing people and am slowly piecing my life back together.", + "original_question": "Is there a way for me to reduce the time of my driving disqualification?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1761", + "question": "Scenario: I have been operating a private service vehicle business in Liverpool for around 5 years now. I am interested in expanding our operations to London. I have all necessary documentation and have people lined up for the necessary jobs - as drivers and vehicle maintenance men.\n\nQuestion: Do I need additional documentation to operate in London or is the process the same as in Liverpool?\n\nDocument - PSV (Public Service Vehicle) operator licences:\n## Overview\n\nYou need a public service vehicle (PSV) operator\u2019s licence to:\n\n- operate a vehicle for hire or reward (payment or payment in kind) that can carry 9 or more passengers\n\n- operate a smaller vehicle carrying passengers and charging separate fares for the journey\n\nRead PSV437, PSV operator licensing: a guide for operators.\n\n## Types of PSV licence\n\nThere are 4 types of PSV operator licences, plus special licensing rules in London.\n\n## Standard licence - national operations only\n\nYou can only operate in Great Britain if you apply for a standard licence. Most full-time commercial operators use standard licences.\n\n## Standard licence - national and international operations\n\nThis kind of licence lets you take passengers abroad as well as within Great Britain.\n\n## Restricted licence\n\nYou can only apply for a restricted licence for small-scale operations. They allow you to use 1 or 2 vehicles, and neither can carry more than 8 passengers.\n\nYou can carry up to 16 passengers in either vehicle if you do not use it as part of a passenger transport business, or you\u2019re operating your vehicles as a sideline and not as your main job.\n\n## Special restricted licence\n\nSpecial restricted licences are used to operate a licensed taxi on a local service. You can only apply for this licence if you\u2019re a licensed taxi operator. A local service is one where:\n\n- stops are no more than 24.15 kilometres (15 miles) apart\n\n- at least one stop is within the area of the district council that issued your taxi or private hire vehicle (PHV) licence\n\nThe service must be registered with the local Traffic Commissioner.\n\n## Licensing in London\n\nYou\u2019ll need a London Service Permit to run a private bus or coach service in London.\n\nTaxis and private hire services in London are licensed by Transport for London (TfL).\n\n## How to apply for a PSV licence\n\nYou can apply for a PSV operator\u2019s licence online. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 7 weeks.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to operate a vehicle before your licence has been issued.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your licence it will not have an expiry date, but you\u2019ll be asked to confirm your details every 5 years. The Traffic Commissioner\u2019s Office will get in touch with you to check them. You\u2019ll need to pay a continuation fee if you\u2019ve got a special restricted (taxi) licence.\n\nThe Traffic Commissioner can suspend or revoke your licence if they suspect you\u2019ve been breaking its terms.\n\nYou must also tell the Traffic Commissioner if your circumstances change.\n\n## Fees\n\n| Type of licence | Fees |\n\n| Application for a standard licence | \u00a3209 |\n\n| Application for a restricted licence | \u00a3209 |\n\n| Application for a special restricted (taxi) licence | \u00a361 |\n\n| Continuation fee for a special restricted (taxi) licence (payable every 5 years) | \u00a361 |\n\n| Make changes to a licence | \u00a3122 |\n\n## Ways you can pay\n\nPay for your licence online, by phone or by post.\n\n## Paying online\n\nYou can pay any application or licence fees when you apply for a vehicle operator licence online.\n\n## Paying by phone\n\nYou can pay by phone by calling the DVSA helpline.\n\n## Paying by post\n\nSend a cheque or postal order made payable to \u2018DVSA\u2019 to the Central Licensing Office.\n\n## Making changes to your PSV licence\n\nYou can make changes to your PSV operator\u2019s licence once you have it, for example add more vehicles to it.\n\nYou can update your licence online.\n\nYou can make most changes to your licence for free. You must pay \u00a3122 if you want to:\n\n- increase the vehicle limit on your licence\n\n- upgrade your licence from standard national to standard international and increase the vehicle limit at the same time\n\n## Changes of circumstance\n\nYou must tell the Traffic Commissioner within 28 days if:\n\n- there\u2019s any change to the correspondence address of the business\n\n- there\u2019s any change to the establishment address (standard licences only)\n\n- there\u2019s any change in the address of your operating centres\n\n- there\u2019s any change in the trading name of the business\n\n- any of the persons named on the licence have died - you may need a new licence\n\n- there\u2019s been a change of partners if it\u2019s a partnership firm - you may need a new licence\n\n- there\u2019s been a change of transport managers\n\n- you, your transport manager, officers employees or agents have any relevant convictions\n\n- there\u2019s been any other change that the Traffic Commissioner asked you to report as a condition of getting your licence\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to tell the Traffic Commissioner if there\u2019s been a change in the \u2018legal entity\u2019 of your business, for example if:\n\n- your company changes from being a sole trader or partnership to a limited company\n\n- there\u2019s been a change in your registered company number\n\n- there\u2019s been a change of directors or change in share holding\n\nSend details of any changes to the Office of the Traffic Commissioner\u2019s Central Licensing Office at the DVSA.\n\n## Appealing a decision\n\nYou can appeal if your application for a PSV operator licence is refused.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send a written notice of appeal to the Upper Tribunal, Administrative Appeals Chamber. There is no fee.\n\nYour notice of appeal needs to be received within one month of the Traffic Commissioner\u2019s decision.\n\n## Guidance on making an appeal\n\nDownload detailed Tribunals Service guidance on making an appeal.\n\n## Appealing an Upper Tribunal decision\n\nIf your appeal is unsuccessful and you think that the decision is wrong, you can appeal to the Court of Appeal (England and Wales) or the Court of Session (Scotland).\n\nYou must have permission from the Upper Tribunal, or if the Upper Tribunal refuses, from the Court.\n\nYour application for permission to appeal must be received within 1 month of the original appeal decision.\n\nDownload detailed guidance about appealing an Upper Tribunal decision.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/psv-operator-licences", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been operating a private service vehicle business in Liverpool for around 5 years now. I am interested in expanding our operations to London. I have all necessary documentation and have people lined up for the necessary jobs - as drivers and vehicle maintenance men.", + "original_question": "Do I need additional documentation to operate in London or is the process the same as in Liverpool?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1764", + "question": "Scenario: I was scheduled to take my car driving test yesterday but a few hours before I ran a high fever which rendered me incapable of ever leaving my house. I called to cancel my test and will ask for a new date when I feel better.\n\nQuestion: Will I have to pay to book the test again?\n\nDocument - Driving test: cars:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou can book your driving test when you\u2019ve passed your theory test.\n\nYou do not need to pass another theory test if you\u2019re upgrading an automatic car licence to a manual licence.\n\nTo pass the driving test you must be able to:\n\n- drive safely in different road and traffic conditions\n\n- show that you know The Highway Code by the way you drive\n\nThe national standard for driving cars tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test. Only take your test when you can do everything without instruction.\n\nThere\u2019s no minimum number of lessons you must have done before you book and take your test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your test after you\u2019ve booked.\n\nYou can check the details if you\u2019ve lost the email confirmation you were sent when you booked your test.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your driving test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take:\n\n- your UK driving licence\n\n- your theory test pass certificate, if you have it\n\n- a face covering, unless you have a good reason not to wear one\n\n- a car - most people use their driving instructor\u2019s, but you can use your own car if it meets the rules\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou must bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless you have a good reason not to. Good reasons are things like:\n\n- having a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you have a good reason not to wear a face covering when you book your test.\n\nYour test will be cancelled if you come for your test without a face covering and you did not say that you could not wear one when you booked it.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\nBecause of COVID-19 the car you use must have the windows open throughout the test. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\nRearrange your test if you do not get the new licence in enough time.\n\n## If you do not have a photocard licence\n\nBring a valid passport and your paper licence.\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nBring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lost your theory test certificate\n\nYou do not need to get a replacement theory test certificate. Your driving examiner will check that you\u2019ve passed your theory test before your driving test starts.\n\n## What happens during the test\n\nThere are 5 parts to the driving test:\n\n- an eyesight check\n\n- \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 vehicle safety questions\n\n- general driving ability\n\n- reversing your vehicle\n\n- independent driving\n\nThe test is the same for both manual and automatic cars.\n\n## How long the test lasts\n\nYou\u2019ll drive for around 40 minutes.\n\nYou\u2019ll drive for around 70 minutes if you\u2019re taking an extended driving test because you\u2019ve been banned from driving.\n\n## Eyesight check\n\nYou\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 20 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 20.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, such as AB51 ABC.\n\nYou\u2019ll fail your driving test if you fail the eyesight check. The test will end.\n\n## \u2018Show me, tell me\u2019 questions\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked 2 vehicle safety questions known as the \u2018show me, tell me\u2019 questions.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked the:\n\n- \u2018tell me\u2019 question at the start of your test, before you start driving\n\n- \u2018show me\u2019 question while you\u2019re driving\n\n## Your general driving ability\n\nYou\u2019ll drive in various road and traffic conditions, but not on motorways.\n\nThe examiner will give you directions that you should follow. Driving test routes are not published, so you cannot check them before your test.\n\n## Pulling over at the side of the road\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to pull over and pull away during your test, including:\n\n- normal stops at the side of the road\n\n- pulling out from behind a parked vehicle\n\n- a hill start\n\nYou might also be asked to carry out an emergency stop.\n\n## Reversing your vehicle\n\nThe examiner will ask you to do one of the following exercises:\n\n- parallel park at the side of the road\n\n- park in a parking bay - either by driving in and reversing out, or reversing in and driving out (the examiner will tell you which you have to do)\n\n- pull up on the right-hand side of the road, reverse for around 2 car lengths, and rejoin the traffic\n\n## Independent driving\n\nYou\u2019ll have to drive for about 20 minutes by following either:\n\n- directions from a sat nav\n\n- traffic signs\n\nThe examiner will tell you which you have to follow.\n\nThey\u2019ll set the sat nav up for you. You cannot use your own sat nav.\n\n## If you cannot see traffic signs\n\nIf you cannot see a traffic sign (for example, because it\u2019s covered by trees), the examiner will give you directions until you can see the next one.\n\n## Going off the route\n\nThe examiner will not give you a fault for taking a wrong turning.\n\nThey\u2019ll help you get back on the route if you do.\n\n## If you make mistakes during your test\n\nYou can carry on if you make a mistake. It might not affect your test result if it\u2019s not serious.\n\nYour driving examiner will direct you back to the driving test centre if the mistake you made means you\u2019ve failed. The test will end early.\n\n## Other people at your test\n\nYour driving examiner\u2019s supervisor might sit in on your test to watch your examiner\u2019s performance. If you refuse, your test can be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again.\n\n## Driving test faults and your result\n\nThere are 3 types of faults you can make:\n\n- a dangerous fault - this involves actual danger to you, the examiner, the public or property\n\n- a serious fault - something potentially dangerous\n\n- a driving fault - this is not potentially dangerous, but if you keep making the same fault, it could become a serious fault\n\n## Pass mark\n\nYou\u2019ll pass your driving test if you make:\n\n- no more than 15 driving faults (sometimes called \u2018minors\u2019)\n\n- no serious or dangerous faults (sometimes called \u2018majors\u2019)\n\n## If you pass your test\n\nThe examiner will:\n\n- tell you what faults you made, if any\n\n- give you a pass certificate\n\n- ask you if you want your full licence to be sent to you automatically - give the examiner your provisional licence if you want to do this\n\nApply for your full driving licence within 2 years of passing your test if you do not want to get your licence automatically.\n\n## When you can start driving\n\nYou can start driving straight away when you\u2019ve passed your test. You do not need to wait for your full licence to arrive.\n\nContact DVLA if your full licence has not arrived 3 weeks after you applied for it.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nThe examiner will tell you what faults you made.\n\nYou have to book another test and pay again. You have to choose a date at least 10 working days away.\n\n## Appeal your driving test\n\nYou can appeal your driving test if you can prove that your driving examiner did not follow the law.\n\nRead the guidance on appealing your driving test to check if your examiner followed the law.\n\nIf you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)\n\nIf DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.\n\nIf DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.\n\n## Appeal your driving test to a court\n\nYou can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.\n\nYour test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.\n\nYou might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to appeal within:\n\n- 6 months of your driving test in England and Wales\n\n- 21 days of your driving test in Scotland\n\nCheck if you can appeal.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather\n\nYour driving test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.\n\n## If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take your driving test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nDriving tests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your car\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used\n\n## If your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## If you have a disability, health condition or learning difficulty\n\nWhen you book your driving test you should say if you have a:\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n- learning difficulty\n\n- reason not to wear a face covering\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to drive to the same standard to pass, but the examiner can make adjustments for your situation.\n\n## You have a disability\n\nYou\u2019ll have time with the examiner once you start the test to talk about:\n\n- your disability\n\n- any adaptations fitted to your car\n\nThey might also agree for you to have more time for instructions and directions during your test.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nThe examiner will use written notes at the start of the test to explain what will happen. If you lip read, they\u2019ll also look at you so you can lip read what they\u2019re saying.\n\nThe examiner will usually give directions to you as hand signals. These will be explained to you before your test starts.\n\n## Using a sign language interpreter\n\nYou can take a British Sign Language (BSL) interpreter with you. They must be at least 16 years old.\n\nYour driving instructor can be your interpreter.\n\nYou need to arrange your own interpreter and pay any fees that they charge. You can claim the cost back after your test.\n\n## You\u2019re pregnant\n\nYou can take a driving test at any stage of your pregnancy. However, you must be able and willing to do an emergency stop.\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nWhen you do the eyesight check at the start of the driving test, you can write down the number plate instead of reading it out loud.\n\n## You have learning difficulties\n\nThe examiner will make adjustments for the independent driving part of the test if you have learning difficulties.\n\nThey might ask if you\u2019d prefer to follow traffic signs instead of directions from a sat nav.\n\n## Using your own car for your test\n\nYou can take your driving test in your own car rather than your driving instructor\u2019s if it meets certain rules.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.\n\n## Rules about the car\n\nYour car must:\n\n- be taxed\n\n- be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)\n\n- be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)\n\n- have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light\n\n- have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted\n\n- be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test\n\n- be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer\n\n- have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg\n\nThe MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety\n\nBecause of COVID-19, you must clean the inside of your car before your test.\n\nThis means:\n\n- tidying unnecessary items from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats\n\n- wiping down the dashboard and car controls\n\nThe examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.\n\nThe car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Things that must be fitted\n\nThe car must have:\n\n- an extra interior rear-view mirror for the examiner\n\n- L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear\n\n- a passenger seatbelt for the examiner and a proper passenger head restraint (not a slip-on type)\n\n## Dashcams and other cameras\n\nYou can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:\n\n- faces outside of the car and does not film the inside\n\n- does not record audio from inside the car\n\n## Vehicle features\n\nYou can use a car with:\n\n- an electronic parking brake\n\n- hill-start assist\n\n## Manual and automatic cars\n\nYou can take the test in a:\n\n- manual car - these have 3 pedals\n\n- automatic or semi-automatic car - these have 2 pedals\n\nIf you take your test in a semi-automatic car you\u2019ll only be able to drive automatic and semi-automatic cars once you\u2019ve passed your test.\n\n## Hire cars\n\nYou can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.\n\n## Cars you cannot use\n\nSome cars cannot be used in the test because they do not give the examiner all-round vision.\n\nYou cannot use any of the following:\n\n- BMW Mini convertible\n\n- Ford KA convertible\n\n- Toyota iQ\n\n- VW Beetle convertible\n\nCheck with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you book your test if you want to use a:\n\n- convertible car\n\n- panel van\n\n## Cars with known safety faults\n\nYou cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.\n\nYou must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.\n\n| | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date |\n\n| Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and\u00a00N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n## Proof you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring proof that says one of the following:\n\n- the car was recalled and the recall work has been done\n\n- the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done\n\n- the car was not part of the recall\n\nThe proof must be either:\n\n- the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer\n\n- on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was scheduled to take my car driving test yesterday but a few hours before I ran a high fever which rendered me incapable of ever leaving my house. I called to cancel my test and will ask for a new date when I feel better.", + "original_question": "Will I have to pay to book the test again?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1765", + "question": "Scenario: Me and my son are driving to my approved driving instructor test. He opened the website to check whether I had remembered the time of my appointment correctly and noticed that our car might not be suitable for the test.\n\nQuestion: Will I get my money back if my test is cancelled based on me not bringing a suitable vehicle?\n\nDocument - Approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou can book your approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test when you\u2019ve passed your ADI part 2 test.\n\nIt\u2019s the last of 3 tests you have to pass to qualify as an ADI. It\u2019s a test of your ability to teach pupils.\n\nYour driving examiner will call you a few days before your test to agree:\n\n- the start time with you\n\n- where you want the test to start from (either the driving test centre or somewhere within 5 minutes of the driving test centre)\n\nThe ADI part 3 test works differently in Northern Ireland.\n\nThe national standard for driver and rider training tells you everything you must be able to do to pass the test.\n\nYou can find driving instructor training if you need help to prepare for the test.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must bring:\n\n- your UK driving licence\n\n- a face covering, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to wear one\n\n- a suitable car\n\n- a pupil\n\nYou should also bring a log of the training you\u2019ve been doing to qualify as an approved driving instructor (ADI).\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Reasons why you must not go to your test\n\nDo not go to your driving test if you or your pupil:\n\n- have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms, or someone you live with has symptoms\n\n- have been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- are self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your test appointment or cancel your test for free if you\u2019re not able to go.\n\n## Wearing a face covering\n\nYou and your pupil must each bring and wear a face covering for your test, unless it\u2019s not safe for you to do so. For example, because:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness or impairment, or a disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nYou need to say if you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. Otherwise, your test will be cancelled if you arrive without one.\n\nYou can take it off during your test if you need to avoid harm or injury.\n\n## Your driving licence\n\nYou need to apply for a replacement driving licence if you lose yours before your test. This could take up to 15 days to arrive.\n\n## If you do not have a photocard licence\n\nBring a valid passport and your paper licence, or your trainee driving instructor licence (if you have one).\n\n## If you have a licence from Northern Ireland\n\nBring the Northern Ireland photocard and paper counterpart.\n\n## Rules for the car you use\n\nWhen you take your test, your car must:\n\n- be taxed\n\n- be insured for a driving test (check with your insurance company)\n\n- be roadworthy and have a current MOT (if it\u2019s over 3 years old)\n\n- be a saloon, hatchback or estate car in good working condition - you cannot use a convertible\n\n- have full-size rear seats\n\n- have no warning lights showing, for example, the airbag warning light\n\n- have no tyre damage and the legal tread depth on each tyre - you cannot have a space-saver spare tyre fitted\n\n- be smoke-free - this means you cannot smoke in it just before or during the test\n\n- be able to reach at least 62mph and have an mph speedometer\n\n- have 4 wheels and a maximum authorised mass (MAM) of no more than 3,500 kg\n\nThe MAM is the limit on how much the car can weigh when it\u2019s loaded. It\u2019ll be in the car\u2019s handbook.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you\u2019ll have to pay again if your car does not meet the rules.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) safety\n\nBecause of COVID-19 you must clean the inside of your car before your test.\n\nThis means:\n\n- tidying any unnecessary items away from the dashboard, footwells, door pockets, cup holders and seats\n\n- wiping down the dashboard and car controls\n\nThe examiner will do an additional clean of some surfaces.\n\nThe car you use for your test must have at least one window open on each side throughout the test. Any combination of windows can be opened - for example, one from the front and one from the back. Wear clothing suitable for the weather.\n\n## Vehicle fittings and features\n\nThe car must have:\n\n- L-plates (\u2018L\u2019 or \u2018D\u2019 plates in Wales) on the front and rear if your pupil is a learner\n\n- working rear seat belts\n\n## Dashcams and other cameras\n\nYou can use a camera fitted for insurance purposes, as long as it:\n\n- faces outside of the car and does not film the inside\n\n- does not record audio from inside the car\n\n## Vehicle features\n\nYou can use a car with:\n\n- an electronic parking brake\n\n- hill-start assist\n\n## Hire cars\n\nYou can take your test in a hire car if it\u2019s fitted with dual controls and meets all the other rules.\n\n## Manual and automatic cars\n\nIf you have a manual licence, you can take the test in either a manual or automatic car. You\u2019ll be able to train people in both types of car when you\u2019ve qualified.\n\nIf you have an automatic licence, you must take the test in an automatic car. You\u2019ll only be able to train people in an automatic car when you\u2019ve qualified.\n\n## Cars with known safety faults\n\nYou cannot use one of the cars shown in the table unless you have proof that it\u2019s safe. This is because these cars have been recalled for a safety reason.\n\nYou must bring the proof that it\u2019s safe with you when you take your test.\n\n| Model | Reason for recall | Vehicles affected | Recall issue date |\n\n| Citroen C1 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Sep 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with vehicle identification numbers (VINs) between wF7xxxxxxER516105 and VF7xxxxxxER523367 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Peugeot 108 | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between VF3xxxxxxER256527 and F3xxxxxxER017078 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Aygo | Steering failure | Vehicles built between 9 Jun 2014 and 15 Oct 2014, with VINs between JTDJGNEC#0N022080 and 0N026438, JTDJPNEC#0N002099 and 0N002100, JTDKGNEC#0N022186 and 0N031372, and JTDKPNEC#0N002083 and 0N002102 | 28 Jun 2016 |\n\n| Toyota Yaris | Potentially defective seat rail track and/or steering column mounting | Some models built between Jun 2005 and May 2010 (\u201805\u2019 to \u201810\u2019 registration plates) | 9 Apr 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall ADAM | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6077301 to E6113446, and F6000001 to F6006544 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n| Vauxhall Corsa D | Potential steering problem | VINs with last 8 digits between E6071016 and E6118738, and E4181031 and E4308122 | 29 Sep 2014 |\n\n## Proof you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring proof that says one of the following:\n\n- the car was recalled and the recall work has been done\n\n- the car was recalled but did not need any work to be done\n\n- the car was not part of the recall\n\nThe proof must be either:\n\n- the recall letter or safety notice, stamped by the manufacturer or dealer\n\n- on official or headed notepaper from the manufacturer or a dealer\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you could lose your fee if you do not bring the right proof.\n\n## What happens during the test\n\nA Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) examiner will watch you give a client-centred driving lesson lasting about 45 minutes to one of your pupils.\n\nYour pupil must drive for at least 40 minutes of the lesson.\n\nAt the start of the lesson, discuss the goals for the lesson and risk management with your pupil. Because of coronavirus (COVID-19), this should take no more than 3 minutes.\n\nAt the end of the lesson, give your pupil no more than 3 minutes to reflect on their performance.\n\nThe examiner will look for evidence that you meet the national standard for driver and rider training.\n\n## Your pupil\n\nYour pupil can be a:\n\n- partly trained learner\n\n- fully trained learner\n\n- full licence holder\n\nYour pupil cannot be:\n\n- a learner who has just started learning to drive\n\n- an approved driving instructor (ADI) or someone else who is preparing to take the ADI part 3 test\n\n## What you\u2019ll be marked on\n\nYou\u2019ll be marked on 17 areas of competence that are grouped into 3 categories:\n\n- lesson planning\n\n- risk management\n\n- teaching and learning strategies\n\nThe 17 areas of competence are listed in the ADI part 3 test report form, which the examiner will fill in at the end of your test.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a score from 0 to 3 for each of the 17 competencies, which are added up to work out if you\u2019ve passed the test, and what your grade will be.\n\n## Your test result\n\nAfter you give the lesson, the examiner will discuss your performance and give you your result.\n\nYou\u2019ll get your grade, along with your completed approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test report form.\n\n| Total score | Grade | Description |\n\n| 0-30 | Fail | Your performance is unsatisfactory, and you will not join the ADI register |\n\n| 31-42 | Grade B | You\u2019ll be allowed to join the ADI register |\n\n| 43-51 | Grade A | You have shown a high standard of instruction and you\u2019ll be allowed to join the ADI register |\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically fail if:\n\n- you get a score of 7 or less in the \u2018risk management\u2019 category\n\n- the examiner stops the lesson because you\u2019ve put yourself or someone else in danger\n\n## If you pass\n\nYou can apply for your first ADI badge if you pass the ADI part 3 test.\n\nYou must apply within 12 months of passing the test, or you\u2019ll have to pass all 3 qualifying tests again.\n\n## If you do not pass\n\nYou can take the test again if you fail the first or second attempt. You must book the next attempt within 2 years of passing your ADI part 1 test.\n\nIf you chose the extra training option (option 2) when you applied for your trainee licence, you must do 5 hours of extra training before you retake the test.\n\n## Failing the third attempt\n\nYou have to retake and pass the ADI part 1 test and ADI part 2 test again if you fail the ADI part 3 test at your third attempt.\n\nYou must wait 2 years from when you originally passed the ADI part 1 test before you can take it again.\n\n## Appeal your ADI part 3 test\n\nYou can appeal your test if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law.\n\nRead the guidance on appealing your test to check if your examiner followed the law.\n\nIf you have proof they did not follow the law you can complain to the Driver and Vehicle and Standards Agency (DVSA)\n\nIf DVSA agrees with your complaint, your test result cannot be changed but you might get a refund or a free retest.\n\nIf DVSA does not agree with your complaint you may be able to appeal to a court instead.\n\n## Appeal your test to a court\n\nYou can appeal if you can prove that your examiner did not follow the law when they carried out your test.\n\nYour test result cannot be changed, but you might get a refund or a free retest if your appeal is successful.\n\nYou might have to pay significant legal costs if your appeal is unsuccessful.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to appeal within:\n\n- 6 months of your test in England and Wales\n\n- 21 days of your test in Scotland\n\nCheck if you can appeal.\n\n## If your test is cancelled or there's bad weather\n\nYour approved driving instructor (ADI) part 3 test can be cancelled or stopped because of bad weather, problems with your car, or for other reasons.\n\n## If your test is suspended due to coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou need to have passed a theory test in the last 2 years to take this test. Your theory test certificate will not be extended.\n\n## Bad weather\n\nTests are not carried out in dangerous weather conditions, such as when the roads are icy or if there\u2019s flooding, thick fog or high winds.\n\nCall your test centre if there are any of these conditions on the day of your test.\n\nThe phone number for the test centre is on your booking confirmation email.\n\n## If your test cannot go ahead\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will:\n\n- automatically book the next available date for your test\n\n- send you the details within 3 working days - it can take up to 7 days if there\u2019s a long period of bad weather\n\nYou can change the date you\u2019re given if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou cannot claim for any out-of-pocket expenses if your test is cancelled because of bad weather.\n\n## Problems with you or your car\n\nYou\u2019ll have to book another test and pay again if your test cannot be completed because of a problem with:\n\n- you, for example, if you feel unwell while taking your test\n\n- your car, for example, if it breaks down during the test or does not meet the rules to be used\n\n## If your test is cancelled for another reason\n\nSometimes DVSA has to cancel tests for other reasons, for example, if the examiner is unwell.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new date for your test if this happens. You can change the date if it\u2019s not suitable.\n\nYou can apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if DVSA cancels your test at short notice.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adi-part-3-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Me and my son are driving to my approved driving instructor test. He opened the website to check whether I had remembered the time of my appointment correctly and noticed that our car might not be suitable for the test.", + "original_question": "Will I get my money back if my test is cancelled based on me not bringing a suitable vehicle?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1767", + "question": "Scenario: Since I was a kid I have always dreamed of driving a motorcycle. I will be turning 16 soon and my friends at school are telling me I will be able to finally start learning how to drive a motorcycle. After that its only time before I pass my theory and driving tests and begin driving my own motorcycle!\n\nQuestion: Can I take the theory test for riding a motorcycle at 16 years old?\n\nDocument - Theory test: motorcycles and mopeds:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou need to have a provisional motorcycle licence to book your theory test.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test:\n\n- multiple-choice questions\n\n- hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road\n\nYou book and take them as a single test. You have to pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n## When you can take the theory test\n\nYou can take the theory test from your:\n\n- 16th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a moped (no more than 50cc)\n\n- 17th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a motorcycle\n\nYou can take the theory test before or after you\u2019ve taken compulsory basic training (CBT).\n\n## Who needs to take the theory test\n\nYou usually need to have passed a motorcycle theory test before you take the motorcycle test.\n\nFind out which motorcycles you can ride and which tests you need to take.\n\nYou do not need to take the theory test if you passed a moped test after 1 July 1996 and want to either:\n\n- take the motorcycle test on a category A1 small motorcycle\n\n- upgrade your motorcycle licence under the \u2018progressive access\u2019 (also known as \u2018staged access\u2019) rules\n\n## If you have a car licence\n\nYou have to pass a motorcycle theory test before taking the motorcycle test.\n\n## If your licence is not from Great Britain\n\nFind out if you can drive in Great Britain (GB) with your non-GB licence without taking a theory and driving test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your theory test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your theory test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.\n\n## Theory test revision and practice\n\nYou can use books and software to revise for the theory test and take practice tests.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nThe questions in the theory test are based on 3 books:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Riding - the essential skills\n\nStudy these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## Take a practice test\n\nTake a practice theory test to check how much you\u2019ve learnt.\n\nThe practice questions are not used in the real test, but they\u2019re based on the same topics as the test.\n\n## Hazard perception part\n\nBuy the official guide to hazard perception for your PC or Mac to learn hazard perception skills and then test them.\n\nYou can buy it from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\n## Personal belongings\n\nYou will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:\n\n- bags\n\n- earphones\n\n- mobile phones\n\n- watches\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.\n\nIf your test centre does not have lockers, you must:\n\n- turn off your phone before you enter the test centre\n\n- put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test\n\nThe test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 57 minutes to answer 50 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens\n\n## How the test works\n\nA question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.\n\nSome questions are given as a case study. The case study will:\n\n- show a short story that 5 questions will be based on\n\n- be about a real life situation you could come across when driving\n\n## Leaving a question\n\nYou can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.\n\n## Changing your answers\n\nYou can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.\n\n## When you\u2019ve finished\n\nYou can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 57 minutes.\n\nYou can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:\n\n- feature everyday road scenes\n\n- contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards\n\nYou get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.\n\n## What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is\n\nA developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.\n\n## How the scoring works\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.\n\nTo get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.\n\nYou do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.\n\nYou only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.\n\n## Pass mark and test result\n\nYou get the result at the test centre after taking the theory test. You need to pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n| Test part | Pass mark | Points available |\n\n| Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50 |\n\n| Hazard perception | 44 | 75 |\n\n## If you pass\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with a pass certificate number at the test centre. You need this when you book and take your motorcycle test.\n\nYour pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You need to pass both modules of the motorcycle test in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the theory test again.\n\n## If you fail\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.\n\nYou have to book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.\n\nYou have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.\n\n## If you have a reading difficulty, disability or health condition\n\nWhen you book your theory test you should say if you have a:\n\n- reading difficulty\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nYou can ask to hear the test through headphones when you book your test. You can hear it in English or Welsh.\n\nYou can listen to the questions and possible answers as many times as you need to.\n\n## Other types of support\n\nYou can get other support during your theory test if you send proof that you have reading difficulties.\n\nThis can be an email, letter or report from:\n\n- a teacher or other educational professional\n\n- a doctor or medical professional\n\n- an occupational therapist\n\n- an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association\n\nYou can get:\n\n- extra time to take the test\n\n- someone to read what\u2019s on the screen and record your answers\n\n- someone to reword the questions for you\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will select the best type of support for you.\n\nIf DVSA agrees that you need extra support, they will send you an email with:\n\n- a reference number (you will need this when you book your test)\n\n- instructions on how to book your test\n\n## Extra time to take the test\n\nYou can ask for more time to do the multiple choice questions part of the theory test.\n\n## Reading what\u2019s on the screen and recording your answers\n\nA member of staff at the test centre can read out the instructions and questions on the screen.\n\nThey can also record your answers to the multiple-choice questions.\n\nThis can be done by either:\n\n- listening to the member of staff through headphones while they\u2019re in another room - they\u2019ll be able to see what\u2019s on your screen\n\n- the member of staff sitting near you in the test room\n\n## Rewording the questions for you\n\nYou can ask for a member of staff to reword the theory test questions to make them easier for you to understand.\n\nThe person cannot change the technical language that you need to know. But they can change the order of the sentence and other non-technical words and phrases.\n\nYou still need to answer each question yourself.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nYou can take the theory test in British Sign Language (BSL) if you\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment.\n\nA BSL video appears on the screen next to the questions and answers.\n\n## Take a BSL interpreter\n\nYou can have a BSL interpreter with you during the test. Contact DVSA to arrange this. You will not be charged an extra fee.\n\n## Hearing loop and lip speakers\n\nYou can arrange to have a lip speaker with you at the theory test centre or use a listening aid (hearing loop).\n\nTo use either service you\u2019ll need to contact DVSA before your test.\n\n## Other disabilities or health conditions\n\nContact DVSA to discuss any other disability or health condition before you book your test.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-theory-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Since I was a kid I have always dreamed of driving a motorcycle. I will be turning 16 soon and my friends at school are telling me I will be able to finally start learning how to drive a motorcycle. After that its only time before I pass my theory and driving tests and begin driving my own motorcycle!", + "original_question": "Can I take the theory test for riding a motorcycle at 16 years old?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1768", + "question": "Scenario: I recently took a motorcycle theory test. I was so nervous and excited that I don't remember whether I passed my multiple-choice quiz or not. I remember my score was 45 but I must have zoned out when they were telling me the passing mark.\n\nQuestion: Have I passed my multiple choice quiz?\n\nDocument - Theory test: motorcycles and mopeds:\n## Booking your test\n\nYou need to have a provisional motorcycle licence to book your theory test.\n\nThere are 2 parts to the test:\n\n- multiple-choice questions\n\n- hazard perception - a video test about spotting hazards on the road\n\nYou book and take them as a single test. You have to pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n## When you can take the theory test\n\nYou can take the theory test from your:\n\n- 16th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a moped (no more than 50cc)\n\n- 17th birthday onwards if you\u2019re learning to ride a motorcycle\n\nYou can take the theory test before or after you\u2019ve taken compulsory basic training (CBT).\n\n## Who needs to take the theory test\n\nYou usually need to have passed a motorcycle theory test before you take the motorcycle test.\n\nFind out which motorcycles you can ride and which tests you need to take.\n\nYou do not need to take the theory test if you passed a moped test after 1 July 1996 and want to either:\n\n- take the motorcycle test on a category A1 small motorcycle\n\n- upgrade your motorcycle licence under the \u2018progressive access\u2019 (also known as \u2018staged access\u2019) rules\n\n## If you have a car licence\n\nYou have to pass a motorcycle theory test before taking the motorcycle test.\n\n## If your licence is not from Great Britain\n\nFind out if you can drive in Great Britain (GB) with your non-GB licence without taking a theory and driving test.\n\n## Change or check your test details\n\nYou can change the date of your theory test after you\u2019ve booked it. This includes if you cannot or do not want to attend because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can check your appointment details if you\u2019ve lost your booking confirmation.\n\n## Rebook your test\n\nRebook your theory test if you failed your test and want to resit it. You have to choose a date at least 3 working days away.\n\n## Theory test revision and practice\n\nYou can use books and software to revise for the theory test and take practice tests.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nThe questions in the theory test are based on 3 books:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Riding - the essential skills\n\nStudy these to learn the rules and skills you\u2019ll be tested on.\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## Take a practice test\n\nTake a practice theory test to check how much you\u2019ve learnt.\n\nThe practice questions are not used in the real test, but they\u2019re based on the same topics as the test.\n\n## Hazard perception part\n\nBuy the official guide to hazard perception for your PC or Mac to learn hazard perception skills and then test them.\n\nYou can buy it from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to take to your test\n\nYou must take your UK photocard driving licence to your test.\n\nIf you have a licence from Northern Ireland, bring the photocard and paper counterpart licence.\n\nYour test will be cancelled and you will not get your money back if you do not take the right things with you.\n\n## Wearing a face covering at your test\n\nYou must wear a face covering at your test. If you do not wear one, you must have a good reason, for example:\n\n- you have a physical or mental illness, impairment or disability\n\n- wearing it would cause you severe distress\n\nWearing glasses does not count as a good reason.\n\nYou need to say why you cannot wear a face covering when you book your test. If you do not, and you come to your test without a face covering, your test will be cancelled.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already booked your test and did not say that you cannot wear a face covering, contact DVSA.\n\n## When you must not go to your test\n\nYou must not go to your test if:\n\n- you or someone you live with has coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms\n\n- you\u2019ve been told by the NHS Test and Trace service that you\u2019ve been in contact with a person who has COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because you recently entered the UK\n\nChange your theory test appointment for free if you need to self-isolate on the day of your test.\n\n## If you have a paper licence\n\nBring a valid passport as well as your paper licence.\n\nIf you do not have a passport, you need to get a photocard licence.\n\n## Personal belongings\n\nYou will not have access to your personal items in the test room. This includes things like:\n\n- bags\n\n- earphones\n\n- mobile phones\n\n- watches\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to store any personal items in a locker.\n\nIf your test centre does not have lockers, you must:\n\n- turn off your phone before you enter the test centre\n\n- put your belongings in a clear plastic box that will be given to you - this must be stored under your desk during the test\n\nThe test centre staff will check if you have anything with you that could be used to cheat. Your test will not go ahead if you do not let them check.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to cheat at the theory test. You can be sent to prison and banned from driving.\n\n## Multiple-choice questions\n\nYou have 57 minutes to answer 50 multiple-choice questions.\n\nBefore the test starts you\u2019ll get:\n\n- instructions on how the test works\n\n- the chance to do some practice questions to get used to the screens\n\n## How the test works\n\nA question and several possible answers appear on a screen. You have to select the right answer.\n\nSome questions are given as a case study. The case study will:\n\n- show a short story that 5 questions will be based on\n\n- be about a real life situation you could come across when driving\n\n## Leaving a question\n\nYou can \u2018flag\u2019 questions that you want to come back to later.\n\n## Changing your answers\n\nYou can go back to any question to review and change your answer at any point.\n\n## When you\u2019ve finished\n\nYou can finish the multiple-choice questions part when you\u2019ve answered all of the questions. You do not have to use the full 57 minutes.\n\nYou can have a break of up to 3 minutes before the hazard perception test starts.\n\n## Hazard perception test\n\nBefore you start the hazard perception test, you\u2019ll be shown a video about how it works.\n\nYou\u2019ll then watch 14 video clips. The clips:\n\n- feature everyday road scenes\n\n- contain at least one \u2018developing hazard\u2019 - but one of the clips features 2 developing hazards\n\nYou get points for spotting the developing hazards as soon as they start to happen.\n\n## What a \u2018developing hazard\u2019 is\n\nA developing hazard is something that would cause you to take action, like changing speed or direction.\n\n## How the scoring works\n\nYou can score up to 5 points for each developing hazard.\n\nTo get a high score, click the mouse as soon as you see the hazard starting to develop.\n\nYou do not lose points if you click and get it wrong. However, you will not score anything if you click continuously or in a pattern.\n\nYou only get one attempt at each clip. You cannot review or change your responses.\n\n## Pass mark and test result\n\nYou get the result at the test centre after taking the theory test. You need to pass both parts to pass the test.\n\n| Test part | Pass mark | Points available |\n\n| Multiple-choice questions | 43 | 50 |\n\n| Hazard perception | 44 | 75 |\n\n## If you pass\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter with a pass certificate number at the test centre. You need this when you book and take your motorcycle test.\n\nYour pass certificate number lasts for 2 years. You need to pass both modules of the motorcycle test in that time, otherwise you\u2019ll have to pass the theory test again.\n\n## If you fail\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter at the test centre. It\u2019ll tell you which parts you did not score enough points on so you know what to practise.\n\nYou have to book and take the full test again, even if you passed one part this time.\n\nYou have to wait at least 3 working days before taking your test again.\n\n## If you have a reading difficulty, disability or health condition\n\nWhen you book your theory test you should say if you have a:\n\n- reading difficulty\n\n- disability\n\n- health condition\n\n## You have reading difficulties\n\nYou can ask to hear the test through headphones when you book your test. You can hear it in English or Welsh.\n\nYou can listen to the questions and possible answers as many times as you need to.\n\n## Other types of support\n\nYou can get other support during your theory test if you send proof that you have reading difficulties.\n\nThis can be an email, letter or report from:\n\n- a teacher or other educational professional\n\n- a doctor or medical professional\n\n- an occupational therapist\n\n- an online dyslexia screening product assured by the British Dyslexia Association\n\nYou can get:\n\n- extra time to take the test\n\n- someone to read what\u2019s on the screen and record your answers\n\n- someone to reword the questions for you\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will select the best type of support for you.\n\nIf DVSA agrees that you need extra support, they will send you an email with:\n\n- a reference number (you will need this when you book your test)\n\n- instructions on how to book your test\n\n## Extra time to take the test\n\nYou can ask for more time to do the multiple choice questions part of the theory test.\n\n## Reading what\u2019s on the screen and recording your answers\n\nA member of staff at the test centre can read out the instructions and questions on the screen.\n\nThey can also record your answers to the multiple-choice questions.\n\nThis can be done by either:\n\n- listening to the member of staff through headphones while they\u2019re in another room - they\u2019ll be able to see what\u2019s on your screen\n\n- the member of staff sitting near you in the test room\n\n## Rewording the questions for you\n\nYou can ask for a member of staff to reword the theory test questions to make them easier for you to understand.\n\nThe person cannot change the technical language that you need to know. But they can change the order of the sentence and other non-technical words and phrases.\n\nYou still need to answer each question yourself.\n\n## You\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment\n\nYou can take the theory test in British Sign Language (BSL) if you\u2019re deaf or have a hearing impairment.\n\nA BSL video appears on the screen next to the questions and answers.\n\n## Take a BSL interpreter\n\nYou can have a BSL interpreter with you during the test. Contact DVSA to arrange this. You will not be charged an extra fee.\n\n## Hearing loop and lip speakers\n\nYou can arrange to have a lip speaker with you at the theory test centre or use a listening aid (hearing loop).\n\nTo use either service you\u2019ll need to contact DVSA before your test.\n\n## Other disabilities or health conditions\n\nContact DVSA to discuss any other disability or health condition before you book your test.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/motorcycle-theory-test", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently took a motorcycle theory test. I was so nervous and excited that I don't remember whether I passed my multiple-choice quiz or not. I remember my score was 45 but I must have zoned out when they were telling me the passing mark.", + "original_question": "Have I passed my multiple choice quiz?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1769", + "question": "Scenario: I have been running a local bus service as a sole driver for the past year. The experience was great and I love my job. However my health has started to rapidly deteriorate over the past few weeks and I wont be able to keep providing the service.\n\nQuestion: Will I be charged a fee to cancel the local bus service I am providing?\n\nDocument - Run a local bus service:\n## Overview\n\nA local bus service uses public service vehicles (PSVs) to carry passengers who pay separate fares over short distances.\n\nThe route can be any length, as long as passengers can get off within 15 miles (measured in a straight line) of where they got on.\n\nYou must usually register with the local authority and the local traffic commissioner if you\u2019re operating a local service outside London - there are some exceptions.\n\nYou need a London Service Permit to run a service in London.\n\n## Who can register\n\nYou can register a local bus service if you:\n\n- hold a valid PSV operator\u2019s licence\n\n- hold a community bus permit\n\n- are a local education authority and want to provide a local service using a school bus belonging to you\n\nTaxi or private hire vehicle owners can also register by getting a special PSV operator\u2019s licence.\n\n## Before you register\n\nBefore registering a local bus service you should consider if:\n\n- your route is suitable\n\n- you have the right sort of vehicles\n\n- you can keep to the timetable given the traffic conditions on route\n\n- you have enough drivers to cover absences though sicknesses, holidays, etc\n\n- you have replacement vehicles if other vehicles are off-road\n\n- there are any traffic regulation conditions \u2013 contact your local traffic area office\n\n- a Quality Partnership or Quality Contract Scheme exists - contact your local transport authority\n\nYou must run the service just as you have registered it, even if staff members are ill or a vehicle is off the road. There are penalties if you do not.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re starting a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\nApply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service starts - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.\n\nThis notice period begins on the day when the traffic commissioner accepts your application.\n\nHolders of a \u2018Section 22\u2019 community bus permit must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice in England and Wales, and 56 days in Scotland.\n\nIf you want to start the service sooner you must complete a supplementary form. The traffic commissioner decides whether or not to agree to this.\n\nIf you\u2019re planning a service in Strathclyde, you must also give notice to the Strathclyde Partnership for Transport 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a360 to register a local bus service\n\n- \u00a313 to register a community bus service\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can register through the electronic bus service registration (EBSR) system. Telephone the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) helpline for information on how to do this.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nPrint off and fill in the application form for the type of service you want to run:\n\n- PSV350 - application to register a bus service (England, Wales and Scotland)\n\n- Application to register a local bus service with a flexible route\n\n- PSV350A - supplementary form: application to start, change or cancel a registered bus service with less than 56 days\u2019 notice (England, Wales and Scotland)\n\n## Where to send the form\n\nSend the form and fees to:\n\n- Central Licensing Office - for England and Wales (except London)\n\n- Office of the Traffic Commissioner \u2013 for Scotland\n\n## Other people you must tell\n\nYou must also send copies to:\n\n- all councils your route passes through - for example the county council, shire council, unitary authority\n\n- the relevant Passenger Transport Executive if there is one\n\n## Getting help\n\nRead the following guides for more information on:\n\n- local bus service registration: guide for operators (England, Scotland and Wales)\n\n- the registration of flexibly routed local bus services: guide for operators\n\n## Change or cancel a bus service\n\nApply to the local authority and the traffic commissioner if you want to:\n\n- change a timetable, route or other detail of your service\n\n- cancel the service\n\nYou must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re changing or cancelling a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\nApply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service changes or stops - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.\n\nHolders of a section 22 community bus permit must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice in England and Wales, and 56 days in Scotland.\n\nIf you want to make the changes or cancel the service sooner, you must fill in a supplementary form (England, Scotland or Wales). The traffic commissioner decides whether or not to agree to this.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a360 to change a local bus service\n\n- \u00a313 to change a community bus service\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for a cancellation.\n\n## Application and supplementary forms\n\nPrint off and fill in the application and supplementary forms to:\n\n- change or cancel a registered bus service (England, Scotland or Wales)\n\n- change or cancel a registered bus service with less than 56 days notice (England, Scotland or Wales)\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not have to register a bus service if all of the following apply:\n\n- someone other than you or your agent is responsible for arranging the journey and bringing the passengers together\n\n- the journey is not advertised in advance to the general public\n\n- all passengers travel together to or from the same place - for example a school or factory\n\n- passengers pay the same fare no matter how far they travel\n\n## School or college bus services\n\nIf you operate a bus service provided by a local education authority in England or Wales, you may not have to register it.\n\nYou do not need to register a service if the only passengers who pay fares are either:\n\n- studying at a school or college\n\n- supervising pupils or students\n\n- teachers or assistants working at the school or college\n\nIf other people can also use the service, it must be registered.\n\n## Other exemptions\n\nYou do not need to register:\n\n- a replacement bus service (for example when a train service is temporarily cancelled and a bus is used instead) provided under an agreement with the Secretary of State, the Scottish Ministers or the National Assembly for Wales\n\n- excursions or tours - unless they operate once a week or more for at least 6 weeks in a row\n\nAn excursion or tour is where passengers travel together on a journey, with or without breaks, from one or more places to one or more places and back.\n\n## Traffic regulation conditions\n\nThe local council can ask the traffic commissioner to impose conditions on your licence. The traffic commissioner will decide if conditions are needed to:\n\n- prevent dangers to other road users\n\n- reduce traffic congestion\n\n- limit environmental pollution\n\nThe conditions could affect:\n\n- your bus routes\n\n- where you can stop\n\n- when you can stop and for how long\n\n- where you can turn or reverse\n\n- the number of vehicles, their type or their frequency\n\nIn some cases the conditions will start straight away.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if conditions have been imposed and they\u2019ll be added to your licence.\n\n## You cannot meet the conditions\n\nYou must change the registration within 28 days if you cannot run your service under the conditions. You will not have to pay a fee if you change the registration because of these conditions. You must meet the conditions until the change of registration takes effect.\n\n## You disagree with the conditions\n\nYou can ask for a public inquiry within 28 days if you disagree with the traffic commissioner\u2019s decision.\n\nIt\u2019s against the law to disobey traffic regulation conditions.\n\n## Penalties for poor service\n\nOnce you have registered your service you must run it:\n\n- at the times you\u2019ve said it would run\n\n- along the route you\u2019ve registered\n\n## Penalties\n\nIf you do not run a reliable or punctual service the traffic commissioner can stop you from running the service - or even running any services at all.\n\nThe traffic commissioner can also fine you. The size of the fine is based on the number of vehicles you\u2019re licensed to use.\n\nIf you provide the local bus service in England and Wales, you may also have to:\n\n- spend money on providing or improving local services or facilities\n\n- compensate passengers\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you disagree with the traffic commissioner\u2019s decision.\n\nRead more about the standards for local bus services and how traffic commissioners expect you to operate.\n\n## Register a bus service in London\n\nTo run a bus service in London you must have a London Service Permit. Permits last for 5 years and you must normally apply at least 3 months before starting the service.\n\nYou can apply for a shorter period of notice if Transport for London (TfL) agrees.\n\n## Concessionary fares\n\nYou may be eligible to take part in a concessionary fare scheme. This reimburses you for carrying passengers who get discounted travel, such as:\n\n- older people\n\n- disabled people\n\n- children\n\nContact your local council for more information on taking part.\n\nSome councils offer a voluntary membership scheme for operators. Others have a compulsory scheme.\n\n## Find out more\n\nFind out more about concessionary fare schemes for:\n\n- England\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n## Grants for local bus services\n\nYou might qualify for the Bus Service Operator\u2019s Grant (in England or Scotland) or the Regional Transport Services Grant (in Wales) if you provide a service where:\n\n- at least half the seats are available to and regularly used by the general public\n\n- stops on the route are in places that people are likely to use reasonably often - fixed bus stops or otherwise\n\n- single journey fares are reasonably priced\n\n- fares can be paid conveniently\n\n- the bus does not have signs or any other indication that it\u2019s not available to the general public\n\n- information about the service, its route and timetable is accessible to the general public\n\n- advance bookings of flexible services do not deter people who want to make a single journey\n\nThere are slightly different conditions if your bus service is intended for transporting pupils, people with disabilities or elderly people.\n\nRead more about the Bus Service Operator\u2019s Grant (England and Scotland).\n\n## How to apply\n\nContact the helpline for your area.\n\n## England\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\nThe grant is administered through the Regional Transport Consortia:", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/run-local-bus-service", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been running a local bus service as a sole driver for the past year. The experience was great and I love my job. However my health has started to rapidly deteriorate over the past few weeks and I wont be able to keep providing the service.", + "original_question": "Will I be charged a fee to cancel the local bus service I am providing?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1770", + "question": "Scenario: I am interested in starting a local bus service. I have selected routs which appear to have many potential passengers but no direct lines of transportation. Me and my partners all hold PSV licenses and have formed a company which will execute this service. We have already informed the local authority in England.\n\nQuestion: Can we begin operation 30 days from now if we have not informed the traffic commissioner yet?\n\nDocument - Run a local bus service:\n## Overview\n\nA local bus service uses public service vehicles (PSVs) to carry passengers who pay separate fares over short distances.\n\nThe route can be any length, as long as passengers can get off within 15 miles (measured in a straight line) of where they got on.\n\nYou must usually register with the local authority and the local traffic commissioner if you\u2019re operating a local service outside London - there are some exceptions.\n\nYou need a London Service Permit to run a service in London.\n\n## Who can register\n\nYou can register a local bus service if you:\n\n- hold a valid PSV operator\u2019s licence\n\n- hold a community bus permit\n\n- are a local education authority and want to provide a local service using a school bus belonging to you\n\nTaxi or private hire vehicle owners can also register by getting a special PSV operator\u2019s licence.\n\n## Before you register\n\nBefore registering a local bus service you should consider if:\n\n- your route is suitable\n\n- you have the right sort of vehicles\n\n- you can keep to the timetable given the traffic conditions on route\n\n- you have enough drivers to cover absences though sicknesses, holidays, etc\n\n- you have replacement vehicles if other vehicles are off-road\n\n- there are any traffic regulation conditions \u2013 contact your local traffic area office\n\n- a Quality Partnership or Quality Contract Scheme exists - contact your local transport authority\n\nYou must run the service just as you have registered it, even if staff members are ill or a vehicle is off the road. There are penalties if you do not.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re starting a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\nApply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service starts - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.\n\nThis notice period begins on the day when the traffic commissioner accepts your application.\n\nHolders of a \u2018Section 22\u2019 community bus permit must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice in England and Wales, and 56 days in Scotland.\n\nIf you want to start the service sooner you must complete a supplementary form. The traffic commissioner decides whether or not to agree to this.\n\nIf you\u2019re planning a service in Strathclyde, you must also give notice to the Strathclyde Partnership for Transport 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a360 to register a local bus service\n\n- \u00a313 to register a community bus service\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can register through the electronic bus service registration (EBSR) system. Telephone the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) helpline for information on how to do this.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nPrint off and fill in the application form for the type of service you want to run:\n\n- PSV350 - application to register a bus service (England, Wales and Scotland)\n\n- Application to register a local bus service with a flexible route\n\n- PSV350A - supplementary form: application to start, change or cancel a registered bus service with less than 56 days\u2019 notice (England, Wales and Scotland)\n\n## Where to send the form\n\nSend the form and fees to:\n\n- Central Licensing Office - for England and Wales (except London)\n\n- Office of the Traffic Commissioner \u2013 for Scotland\n\n## Other people you must tell\n\nYou must also send copies to:\n\n- all councils your route passes through - for example the county council, shire council, unitary authority\n\n- the relevant Passenger Transport Executive if there is one\n\n## Getting help\n\nRead the following guides for more information on:\n\n- local bus service registration: guide for operators (England, Scotland and Wales)\n\n- the registration of flexibly routed local bus services: guide for operators\n\n## Change or cancel a bus service\n\nApply to the local authority and the traffic commissioner if you want to:\n\n- change a timetable, route or other detail of your service\n\n- cancel the service\n\nYou must tell the local authority in England or the local council in Scotland that you\u2019re changing or cancelling a bus service. You must do this 28 days before you apply to the traffic commissioner.\n\nApply to the traffic commissioner at least 42 days before your service changes or stops - or 56 days before if your service is in Wales.\n\nHolders of a section 22 community bus permit must give at least 28 days\u2019 notice in England and Wales, and 56 days in Scotland.\n\nIf you want to make the changes or cancel the service sooner, you must fill in a supplementary form (England, Scotland or Wales). The traffic commissioner decides whether or not to agree to this.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a360 to change a local bus service\n\n- \u00a313 to change a community bus service\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for a cancellation.\n\n## Application and supplementary forms\n\nPrint off and fill in the application and supplementary forms to:\n\n- change or cancel a registered bus service (England, Scotland or Wales)\n\n- change or cancel a registered bus service with less than 56 days notice (England, Scotland or Wales)\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not have to register a bus service if all of the following apply:\n\n- someone other than you or your agent is responsible for arranging the journey and bringing the passengers together\n\n- the journey is not advertised in advance to the general public\n\n- all passengers travel together to or from the same place - for example a school or factory\n\n- passengers pay the same fare no matter how far they travel\n\n## School or college bus services\n\nIf you operate a bus service provided by a local education authority in England or Wales, you may not have to register it.\n\nYou do not need to register a service if the only passengers who pay fares are either:\n\n- studying at a school or college\n\n- supervising pupils or students\n\n- teachers or assistants working at the school or college\n\nIf other people can also use the service, it must be registered.\n\n## Other exemptions\n\nYou do not need to register:\n\n- a replacement bus service (for example when a train service is temporarily cancelled and a bus is used instead) provided under an agreement with the Secretary of State, the Scottish Ministers or the National Assembly for Wales\n\n- excursions or tours - unless they operate once a week or more for at least 6 weeks in a row\n\nAn excursion or tour is where passengers travel together on a journey, with or without breaks, from one or more places to one or more places and back.\n\n## Traffic regulation conditions\n\nThe local council can ask the traffic commissioner to impose conditions on your licence. The traffic commissioner will decide if conditions are needed to:\n\n- prevent dangers to other road users\n\n- reduce traffic congestion\n\n- limit environmental pollution\n\nThe conditions could affect:\n\n- your bus routes\n\n- where you can stop\n\n- when you can stop and for how long\n\n- where you can turn or reverse\n\n- the number of vehicles, their type or their frequency\n\nIn some cases the conditions will start straight away.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told if conditions have been imposed and they\u2019ll be added to your licence.\n\n## You cannot meet the conditions\n\nYou must change the registration within 28 days if you cannot run your service under the conditions. You will not have to pay a fee if you change the registration because of these conditions. You must meet the conditions until the change of registration takes effect.\n\n## You disagree with the conditions\n\nYou can ask for a public inquiry within 28 days if you disagree with the traffic commissioner\u2019s decision.\n\nIt\u2019s against the law to disobey traffic regulation conditions.\n\n## Penalties for poor service\n\nOnce you have registered your service you must run it:\n\n- at the times you\u2019ve said it would run\n\n- along the route you\u2019ve registered\n\n## Penalties\n\nIf you do not run a reliable or punctual service the traffic commissioner can stop you from running the service - or even running any services at all.\n\nThe traffic commissioner can also fine you. The size of the fine is based on the number of vehicles you\u2019re licensed to use.\n\nIf you provide the local bus service in England and Wales, you may also have to:\n\n- spend money on providing or improving local services or facilities\n\n- compensate passengers\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper Tribunal if you disagree with the traffic commissioner\u2019s decision.\n\nRead more about the standards for local bus services and how traffic commissioners expect you to operate.\n\n## Register a bus service in London\n\nTo run a bus service in London you must have a London Service Permit. Permits last for 5 years and you must normally apply at least 3 months before starting the service.\n\nYou can apply for a shorter period of notice if Transport for London (TfL) agrees.\n\n## Concessionary fares\n\nYou may be eligible to take part in a concessionary fare scheme. This reimburses you for carrying passengers who get discounted travel, such as:\n\n- older people\n\n- disabled people\n\n- children\n\nContact your local council for more information on taking part.\n\nSome councils offer a voluntary membership scheme for operators. Others have a compulsory scheme.\n\n## Find out more\n\nFind out more about concessionary fare schemes for:\n\n- England\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Wales\n\n## Grants for local bus services\n\nYou might qualify for the Bus Service Operator\u2019s Grant (in England or Scotland) or the Regional Transport Services Grant (in Wales) if you provide a service where:\n\n- at least half the seats are available to and regularly used by the general public\n\n- stops on the route are in places that people are likely to use reasonably often - fixed bus stops or otherwise\n\n- single journey fares are reasonably priced\n\n- fares can be paid conveniently\n\n- the bus does not have signs or any other indication that it\u2019s not available to the general public\n\n- information about the service, its route and timetable is accessible to the general public\n\n- advance bookings of flexible services do not deter people who want to make a single journey\n\nThere are slightly different conditions if your bus service is intended for transporting pupils, people with disabilities or elderly people.\n\nRead more about the Bus Service Operator\u2019s Grant (England and Scotland).\n\n## How to apply\n\nContact the helpline for your area.\n\n## England\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\nThe grant is administered through the Regional Transport Consortia:", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/run-local-bus-service", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am interested in starting a local bus service. I have selected routs which appear to have many potential passengers but no direct lines of transportation. Me and my partners all hold PSV licenses and have formed a company which will execute this service. We have already informed the local authority in England.", + "original_question": "Can we begin operation 30 days from now if we have not informed the traffic commissioner yet?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1771", + "question": "Scenario: The truck I bought for my company has a maximum permissible weight of 3 tons. However, in combination with its second trailer that goes up to 5 tons. I usually never use the second trailer but I might have to for a large delivery next week.\n\nQuestion: Does this truck combination follow the GB domestic rules?\n\nDocument - Drivers' hours:\n## Overview\n\nIf you drive a goods vehicle or a passenger-carrying vehicle you must follow the rules on how many hours you can drive and the breaks that you need to take.\n\nThere are 3 sets of rules that could apply to your journey:\n\n- EU rules\n\n- AETR rules\n\n- GB domestic rules\n\nThe rules that apply depend on:\n\n- the type of vehicle you\u2019re driving\n\n- which country you\u2019re driving in\n\nIf you drive under the EU or GB domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules, you also need to follow the working time rules.\n\nIf you\u2019re an employer of drivers or mobile workers there are more rules you must follow.\n\nThere are different drivers\u2019 hours rules in Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you do not follow the rules\n\nIf you break the drivers\u2019 hours rules, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) can give you:\n\n- a verbal warning, for minor offences made by accident or because of inexperience\n\n- an offence rectification notice, for offences which are not a risk to road safety - you\u2019ll have 21 days to fix the issue\n\n- a prohibition notice, for serious or dangerous offences - you must stop a dangerous activity or start following the regulations\n\n- a fine or points on your licence (a \u2018fixed penalty\u2019) \u2013 the amount depends on how serious the offence is\n\nYou can be prosecuted for very serious or multiple offences.\n\nDVSA can give you further penalties (such as an improvement or prohibition notice) if you also break the working time rules.\n\nYou can ask for an emergency exemption from the rules. Read the guidance on emergency exemption and temporary relaxation of drivers\u2019 hours and working time rules.\n\n## Drivers\u2019 hours checklists\n\nYou can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 checklists, which cover the basic rules:\n\n- Staying legal - the basics (HGV drivers)\n\n- Staying legal - the basics (PSV drivers)\n\n## Rules for employers\n\nIf you employ drivers or other mobile workers, you must:\n\n- keep drivers\u2019 hours records for at least one year\n\n- make sure they are properly trained and understand the rules\n\n- organise their time so that they can follow the rules\n\n- check your drivers\u2019 hours records and data\n\n- monitor your workers\u2019 working time\n\nMobile workers are:\n\n- drivers - including employed drivers, own-account drivers and agency drivers\n\n- members of the vehicle crew, for example a second driver on a coach\n\n- anyone else who is part of the travelling staff, for example a bus conductor, a drayman or a security guard aboard a vehicle carrying high-value goods\n\n## Goods vehicles\n\nThe rules that apply to goods vehicles depend on the weight of your vehicle, the country you\u2019re driving in and what you\u2019re using the vehicle for.\n\n## EU rules\n\nEU rules apply if the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is more than 3.5 tonnes and you\u2019re driving in any of the following:\n\n- the EU (including the UK)\n\n- an European Economic Area (EEA) country\n\n- Switzerland\n\nSome vehicles are exempt from EU rules when driven in the UK.\n\n## AETR rules\n\nAETR (European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews Engaged in International Road Transport) rules apply if your vehicle will pass through an AETR country.\n\n## GB domestic rules\n\nGB domestic rules apply if both the following are true:\n\n- the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is under 3.5 tonnes\n\n- your vehicle is exempt from EU rules when driven in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ll be driving through a country outside of the UK, EU, EEA or Switzerland, you should contact the UK embassy of the country to check on local rules.\n\n## More information\n\nRead Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.\n\nRead the rules for drivers\u2019 hours in the recovery vehicle industry.\n\nYou can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 leaflet, which includes checklists covering the basic rules.\n\nThere are specific rules for tachographs and horse boxes or trailers.\n\n## Passenger-carrying vehicles\n\nIf you\u2019re driving a vehicle that carries passengers the rules that apply to you depend on:\n\n- the number of passenger seats\n\n- how far you\u2019re driving (the distance of your route)\n\n- if you\u2019re driving to or from another country\n\n- if you\u2019re driving on a regular or a non-regular service\n\nA regular service follows a specified route, with stopping points for passengers to get on or off.\n\n## Public service vehicles (PSV)\n\nA public service vehicle is a vehicle that\u2019s used to carry passengers for hire or payment.\n\n| Type of operation | 8 or fewer passenger seats | 9 to 12 passenger seats | 13 to 16 passenger seats | 17 or more passenger seats |\n\n| Regular service on route not exceeding 50km | GB domestic rules | GB domestic rules | GB Domestic rules | GB Domestic rules |\n\n| National or international regular service on route exceeding 50km | The local rules of the countries you drive in (GB domestic rules in the UK) | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules |\n\n| National or international non-regular service for example commercial excursions, tours or private hire | The local rules of the countries you drive in (GB domestic rules in the UK) | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules |\n\n## Other passenger-carrying vehicles\n\nYou do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules if you drive a police, fire service or armed forces vehicle.\n\nIf you drive for a different public authority or for a business, and your vehicle is a non-PSV with:\n\n- up to 8 passenger seats - you do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules\n\n- 9 or more passenger seats - you must follow the EU rules (unless your vehicle is exempt from EU law)\n\n## If you drive a \u2018non-commercial\u2019 vehicle\n\nYou drive a non-commercial vehicle if:\n\n- passengers are not charged to use the vehicle\n\n- you and any other workers are not paid to operate or work in the vehicle\n\n- the vehicle is not used professionally or commercially\n\nIf your vehicle has up to 8 passenger seats, you do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules.\n\nIf your vehicle has 9 or more passenger seats, you usually need to follow the EU rules. You need to follow GB rules instead if your vehicle has between 10 and 17 passenger seats and is only used for non-commercial journeys.\n\n## If you use your vehicle outside the UK\n\nIf you drive between the UK and another country and your vehicle has:\n\n- up to 8 passenger seats - you must follow the local rules for the country you\u2019re driving in\n\n- 9 or more passenger seats - you must follow the EU or the European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport (AETR) rules\n\n## More information\n\nRead Passenger vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.\n\nYou can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 leaflet, which includes checklists covering the basic rules.\n\n## Exemptions from EU law\n\nSome types of vehicle are exempt from EU rules. This means they come under GB domestic rules in the UK.\n\nThe main types of exempt vehicle are:\n\n- vehicles that cannot go faster than 40 kilometres per hour, including vehicles that are restricted by a set speed limiter\n\n- emergency aid vehicles - vehicles used in the non-commercial transport of humanitarian aid for use in emergencies or rescue operations\n\n- breakdown vehicles - specialised breakdown vehicles working within a 100km of their base\n\n- vehicles undergoing road tests for technical development, repair or maintenance purposes, and new or rebuilt vehicles which have not yet been put into service\n\n- vehicles manufactured more than 25 years ago\n\n- vehicles used by agricultural, horticultural, forestry, farming or fishery businesses for carrying goods within 100km of where the business is based\n\n- vehicles that are used to carry live animals between a farm and a market, or from a market to a slaughterhouse where the distance is less than 100km\n\n- vehicles that are used to carry animal waste or carcasses that are not intended for human consumption\n\n- educational vehicles, for example play buses and mobile libraries\n\n- vehicles or combinations of vehicles with a maximum permissible weight of 7.5 tonnes or less that are used for carrying work equipment for the driver where the distance is less than 100km\n\n- vehicles driven only on islands whose area does not exceed 2,300 square kilometres\n\n- vehicles with a maximum weight of 7.5 tonnes which use natural or liquefied gas or electricity as fuel and carry goods within 50km from their base\n\n- driving instruction or exams - vehicles used for driving instruction and examination. Includes instruction for renewal of Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC)\n\n- circus vehicles - specialised vehicles transporting circus and funfair equipment\n\n- milk collection - vehicles used for collecting milk from farms or returning milk containers or milk products for animal feed to farms\n\n- any vehicle that is propelled by steam\n\nRead the full list of exempt vehicles.\n\n## EU rules\n\n## Driving hours\n\nThe main EU rules on driving hours are that you must not drive more than:\n\n- 9 hours in a day - this can be extended to 10 hours twice a week\n\n- 56 hours in a week\n\n- 90 hours in any 2 consecutive weeks\n\nAll driving you do under EU rules must be recorded on a tachograph.\n\n## Breaks and rest\n\nThe main points of EU rules on breaks and rest are that you must take:\n\n- at least 11 hours rest every day - you can reduce this to 9 hours rest 3 times between any 2 weekly rest periods\n\n- an unbroken rest period of 45 hours every week - you can reduce this to 24 hours every other week\n\n- a break or breaks totalling at least 45 minutes after no more than 4 hours 30 minutes driving\n\n- your weekly rest after 6 consecutive 24-hour periods of working, starting from the end of the last weekly rest period taken\n\nCoach drivers on an international trip can take their weekly rest after 12 consecutive 24-hour periods, starting from the end of the last weekly rest period taken.\n\nFor more details on rests and breaks read:\n\n- Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs\n\n- Passenger vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs\n\n## AETR rules\n\nThe European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport (AETR) rules are now the same as the EU rules on drivers\u2019 hours.\n\nThe AETR rules cover all EU countries and:\n\n- Albania\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Armenia\n\n- Azerbaijan\n\n- Belarus\n\n- Bosnia and Herzegovina\n\n- Georgia\n\n- Kazakhstan\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Monaco\n\n- Montenegro\n\n- Moldova\n\n- North Macedonia\n\n- Norway\n\n- Russia\n\n- San Marino\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Turkey\n\n- Turkmenistan\n\n- Ukraine\n\n- United Kingdom\n\n- Uzbekistan\n\n## GB domestic rules\n\nThe GB domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules apply to most passenger-carrying vehicles and goods vehicles that do not have to follow the EU rules.\n\nGB domestic rules apply in Great Britain - there are separate rules in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Goods vehicles\n\n## Duty time\n\nIf you work as a driver for a company, duty time is any working time. If you\u2019re self-employed, duty time is only time you spend driving the vehicle or doing other work related to the vehicle or its load.\n\n## Daily driving limit\n\nYou must not drive for more than 10 hours in a day:\n\n- on a public road\n\n- off-road if not during duty time\n\nOff-road driving counts as duty time if it\u2019s for:\n\n- agriculture\n\n- quarrying\n\n- forestry\n\n- building work\n\n- civil engineering\n\n## Daily duty limit\n\nYou must not be on duty for more than 11 hours in any working day. This limit does not apply on any working day when you do not drive.\n\nYou must record your hours on a weekly record sheet or on a tachograph.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need to follow the GB domestic rules if you:\n\n- are dealing with an emergency - for example, a major disruption to public services or danger to life\n\n- are using the vehicle for private driving and not for work\n\n- drive off-road or on private roads during duty time\n\n- drive a vehicle used by the armed forces, police or fire brigade\n\n## Passenger-carrying vehicles\n\n## Duty time\n\nIf you work as a driver for a company, duty time is any working time. If you\u2019re self-employed, duty time is only time you spend driving the vehicle or doing other work related to the vehicle or its load.\n\n## Daily driving limit\n\nYou must not drive for more than 10 hours in any working day.\n\n## Breaks and continuous driving\n\nAfter 5 hours 30 minutes of driving you must take a break of at least 30 minutes for rest and refreshment.\n\nOr, within any period of 8 hours 30 minutes, you must take at least 45 minutes in breaks. You must also have a break of at least 30 minutes at the end of this period, unless it\u2019s the end of the working day.\n\n## Length of working day (\u2018spreadover\u2019)\n\nYou must not work more than 16 hours between the times of starting and finishing work - including non-driving work and any times when you\u2019re off.\n\n## Daily rest periods\n\nYou must take a rest of 10 hours before the first duty and immediately after the last duty in a working week.\n\nYou must take a rest of at least 10 hours between 2 working days (or spreadovers) - this can be reduced to 8.5 hours up to 3 times a week.\n\n## Fortnightly rest periods\n\nEvery 2 weeks you must take at least one period of 24 hours off duty.\n\nA fixed week is from 00:00 hours on Monday to 24:00 hours the next Sunday.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need to follow the GB domestic rules if you:\n\n- are dealing with an emergency - for example, a major disruption to public services or danger to life\n\n- drive for less than 4 hours a day in a week\n\nIf you drive for more than 4 hours for up to 2 days a week, you do not need to follow all of the rules. You need to:\n\n- follow the rules for daily driving limits and length of working day\n\n- start and finish all of your duties within a 24-hour period\n\n- take a rest of 10 hours before the first duty and immediately after the last duty\n\nIf you work overnight and the rules applied on the day your shift began, you must follow the rules for your entire shift - even if your shift finishes during a week in which you\u2019re exempt from the rules.\n\n## Driving under both EU and GB domestic rules\n\nIf you work partly under EU/AETR rules and partly under GB domestic rules during a day or a week you need to know the following:\n\n- driving under EU rules counts towards the driving and duty limits under GB domestic rules\n\n- on any days you drive under EU rules you must take EU daily rest periods, as well as a weekly rest period\n\n- you cannot count the time you spend driving under EU rules as an off-duty period under GB domestic rules\n\n- driving and other duty under GB domestic rules count as \u2018attendance at work\u2019, not as a break or rest period under EU rules\n\n## Driving limits\n\nYou must follow the GB domestic limit of a maximum of 10 hours driving a day. But at any time when you\u2019re actually driving under the EU rules you must follow all the rules on EU driving limits.\n\n## Other duty limits\n\nYou must follow the GB domestic limit of a maximum of:\n\n- 11 hours on duty if you drive a goods vehicle\n\n- 16 hours on duty if you drive a passenger-carrying vehicle\n\n## Rest periods and breaks\n\nYou must follow the EU rules on rest periods and breaks on days and weeks when you drive under EU rules.\n\nA fixed week is from 00:00 hours on Monday to 24:00 hours the next Sunday.\n\nRead Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.\n\nRead the rules for drivers\u2019 hours in the recovery vehicle industry.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drivers-hours", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "The truck I bought for my company has a maximum permissible weight of 3 tons. However, in combination with its second trailer that goes up to 5 tons. I usually never use the second trailer but I might have to for a large delivery next week.", + "original_question": "Does this truck combination follow the GB domestic rules?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1772", + "question": "Scenario: I took a new route driving a passenger bus across the EU, from France to Germany. The towns I will be connecting are 10 hours apart and I am expected to drive the distance without rest twice a week. Once on Monday and once on Thursday.\n\nQuestion: Does this follow the EU regulations for drivers' hours?\n\nDocument - Drivers' hours:\n## Overview\n\nIf you drive a goods vehicle or a passenger-carrying vehicle you must follow the rules on how many hours you can drive and the breaks that you need to take.\n\nThere are 3 sets of rules that could apply to your journey:\n\n- EU rules\n\n- AETR rules\n\n- GB domestic rules\n\nThe rules that apply depend on:\n\n- the type of vehicle you\u2019re driving\n\n- which country you\u2019re driving in\n\nIf you drive under the EU or GB domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules, you also need to follow the working time rules.\n\nIf you\u2019re an employer of drivers or mobile workers there are more rules you must follow.\n\nThere are different drivers\u2019 hours rules in Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you do not follow the rules\n\nIf you break the drivers\u2019 hours rules, the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) can give you:\n\n- a verbal warning, for minor offences made by accident or because of inexperience\n\n- an offence rectification notice, for offences which are not a risk to road safety - you\u2019ll have 21 days to fix the issue\n\n- a prohibition notice, for serious or dangerous offences - you must stop a dangerous activity or start following the regulations\n\n- a fine or points on your licence (a \u2018fixed penalty\u2019) \u2013 the amount depends on how serious the offence is\n\nYou can be prosecuted for very serious or multiple offences.\n\nDVSA can give you further penalties (such as an improvement or prohibition notice) if you also break the working time rules.\n\nYou can ask for an emergency exemption from the rules. Read the guidance on emergency exemption and temporary relaxation of drivers\u2019 hours and working time rules.\n\n## Drivers\u2019 hours checklists\n\nYou can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 checklists, which cover the basic rules:\n\n- Staying legal - the basics (HGV drivers)\n\n- Staying legal - the basics (PSV drivers)\n\n## Rules for employers\n\nIf you employ drivers or other mobile workers, you must:\n\n- keep drivers\u2019 hours records for at least one year\n\n- make sure they are properly trained and understand the rules\n\n- organise their time so that they can follow the rules\n\n- check your drivers\u2019 hours records and data\n\n- monitor your workers\u2019 working time\n\nMobile workers are:\n\n- drivers - including employed drivers, own-account drivers and agency drivers\n\n- members of the vehicle crew, for example a second driver on a coach\n\n- anyone else who is part of the travelling staff, for example a bus conductor, a drayman or a security guard aboard a vehicle carrying high-value goods\n\n## Goods vehicles\n\nThe rules that apply to goods vehicles depend on the weight of your vehicle, the country you\u2019re driving in and what you\u2019re using the vehicle for.\n\n## EU rules\n\nEU rules apply if the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is more than 3.5 tonnes and you\u2019re driving in any of the following:\n\n- the EU (including the UK)\n\n- an European Economic Area (EEA) country\n\n- Switzerland\n\nSome vehicles are exempt from EU rules when driven in the UK.\n\n## AETR rules\n\nAETR (European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews Engaged in International Road Transport) rules apply if your vehicle will pass through an AETR country.\n\n## GB domestic rules\n\nGB domestic rules apply if both the following are true:\n\n- the maximum permissible weight of your vehicle or vehicle combination is under 3.5 tonnes\n\n- your vehicle is exempt from EU rules when driven in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ll be driving through a country outside of the UK, EU, EEA or Switzerland, you should contact the UK embassy of the country to check on local rules.\n\n## More information\n\nRead Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.\n\nRead the rules for drivers\u2019 hours in the recovery vehicle industry.\n\nYou can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 leaflet, which includes checklists covering the basic rules.\n\nThere are specific rules for tachographs and horse boxes or trailers.\n\n## Passenger-carrying vehicles\n\nIf you\u2019re driving a vehicle that carries passengers the rules that apply to you depend on:\n\n- the number of passenger seats\n\n- how far you\u2019re driving (the distance of your route)\n\n- if you\u2019re driving to or from another country\n\n- if you\u2019re driving on a regular or a non-regular service\n\nA regular service follows a specified route, with stopping points for passengers to get on or off.\n\n## Public service vehicles (PSV)\n\nA public service vehicle is a vehicle that\u2019s used to carry passengers for hire or payment.\n\n| Type of operation | 8 or fewer passenger seats | 9 to 12 passenger seats | 13 to 16 passenger seats | 17 or more passenger seats |\n\n| Regular service on route not exceeding 50km | GB domestic rules | GB domestic rules | GB Domestic rules | GB Domestic rules |\n\n| National or international regular service on route exceeding 50km | The local rules of the countries you drive in (GB domestic rules in the UK) | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules |\n\n| National or international non-regular service for example commercial excursions, tours or private hire | The local rules of the countries you drive in (GB domestic rules in the UK) | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules | EU/AETR rules |\n\n## Other passenger-carrying vehicles\n\nYou do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules if you drive a police, fire service or armed forces vehicle.\n\nIf you drive for a different public authority or for a business, and your vehicle is a non-PSV with:\n\n- up to 8 passenger seats - you do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules\n\n- 9 or more passenger seats - you must follow the EU rules (unless your vehicle is exempt from EU law)\n\n## If you drive a \u2018non-commercial\u2019 vehicle\n\nYou drive a non-commercial vehicle if:\n\n- passengers are not charged to use the vehicle\n\n- you and any other workers are not paid to operate or work in the vehicle\n\n- the vehicle is not used professionally or commercially\n\nIf your vehicle has up to 8 passenger seats, you do not need to follow any drivers\u2019 hours rules.\n\nIf your vehicle has 9 or more passenger seats, you usually need to follow the EU rules. You need to follow GB rules instead if your vehicle has between 10 and 17 passenger seats and is only used for non-commercial journeys.\n\n## If you use your vehicle outside the UK\n\nIf you drive between the UK and another country and your vehicle has:\n\n- up to 8 passenger seats - you must follow the local rules for the country you\u2019re driving in\n\n- 9 or more passenger seats - you must follow the EU or the European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport (AETR) rules\n\n## More information\n\nRead Passenger vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.\n\nYou can also print out the \u2018Staying legal\u2019 leaflet, which includes checklists covering the basic rules.\n\n## Exemptions from EU law\n\nSome types of vehicle are exempt from EU rules. This means they come under GB domestic rules in the UK.\n\nThe main types of exempt vehicle are:\n\n- vehicles that cannot go faster than 40 kilometres per hour, including vehicles that are restricted by a set speed limiter\n\n- emergency aid vehicles - vehicles used in the non-commercial transport of humanitarian aid for use in emergencies or rescue operations\n\n- breakdown vehicles - specialised breakdown vehicles working within a 100km of their base\n\n- vehicles undergoing road tests for technical development, repair or maintenance purposes, and new or rebuilt vehicles which have not yet been put into service\n\n- vehicles manufactured more than 25 years ago\n\n- vehicles used by agricultural, horticultural, forestry, farming or fishery businesses for carrying goods within 100km of where the business is based\n\n- vehicles that are used to carry live animals between a farm and a market, or from a market to a slaughterhouse where the distance is less than 100km\n\n- vehicles that are used to carry animal waste or carcasses that are not intended for human consumption\n\n- educational vehicles, for example play buses and mobile libraries\n\n- vehicles or combinations of vehicles with a maximum permissible weight of 7.5 tonnes or less that are used for carrying work equipment for the driver where the distance is less than 100km\n\n- vehicles driven only on islands whose area does not exceed 2,300 square kilometres\n\n- vehicles with a maximum weight of 7.5 tonnes which use natural or liquefied gas or electricity as fuel and carry goods within 50km from their base\n\n- driving instruction or exams - vehicles used for driving instruction and examination. Includes instruction for renewal of Driver Certificate of Professional Competence (CPC)\n\n- circus vehicles - specialised vehicles transporting circus and funfair equipment\n\n- milk collection - vehicles used for collecting milk from farms or returning milk containers or milk products for animal feed to farms\n\n- any vehicle that is propelled by steam\n\nRead the full list of exempt vehicles.\n\n## EU rules\n\n## Driving hours\n\nThe main EU rules on driving hours are that you must not drive more than:\n\n- 9 hours in a day - this can be extended to 10 hours twice a week\n\n- 56 hours in a week\n\n- 90 hours in any 2 consecutive weeks\n\nAll driving you do under EU rules must be recorded on a tachograph.\n\n## Breaks and rest\n\nThe main points of EU rules on breaks and rest are that you must take:\n\n- at least 11 hours rest every day - you can reduce this to 9 hours rest 3 times between any 2 weekly rest periods\n\n- an unbroken rest period of 45 hours every week - you can reduce this to 24 hours every other week\n\n- a break or breaks totalling at least 45 minutes after no more than 4 hours 30 minutes driving\n\n- your weekly rest after 6 consecutive 24-hour periods of working, starting from the end of the last weekly rest period taken\n\nCoach drivers on an international trip can take their weekly rest after 12 consecutive 24-hour periods, starting from the end of the last weekly rest period taken.\n\nFor more details on rests and breaks read:\n\n- Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs\n\n- Passenger vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs\n\n## AETR rules\n\nThe European Agreement Concerning the Work of Crews of Vehicles Engaged in International Road Transport (AETR) rules are now the same as the EU rules on drivers\u2019 hours.\n\nThe AETR rules cover all EU countries and:\n\n- Albania\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Armenia\n\n- Azerbaijan\n\n- Belarus\n\n- Bosnia and Herzegovina\n\n- Georgia\n\n- Kazakhstan\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Monaco\n\n- Montenegro\n\n- Moldova\n\n- North Macedonia\n\n- Norway\n\n- Russia\n\n- San Marino\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Turkey\n\n- Turkmenistan\n\n- Ukraine\n\n- United Kingdom\n\n- Uzbekistan\n\n## GB domestic rules\n\nThe GB domestic drivers\u2019 hours rules apply to most passenger-carrying vehicles and goods vehicles that do not have to follow the EU rules.\n\nGB domestic rules apply in Great Britain - there are separate rules in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Goods vehicles\n\n## Duty time\n\nIf you work as a driver for a company, duty time is any working time. If you\u2019re self-employed, duty time is only time you spend driving the vehicle or doing other work related to the vehicle or its load.\n\n## Daily driving limit\n\nYou must not drive for more than 10 hours in a day:\n\n- on a public road\n\n- off-road if not during duty time\n\nOff-road driving counts as duty time if it\u2019s for:\n\n- agriculture\n\n- quarrying\n\n- forestry\n\n- building work\n\n- civil engineering\n\n## Daily duty limit\n\nYou must not be on duty for more than 11 hours in any working day. This limit does not apply on any working day when you do not drive.\n\nYou must record your hours on a weekly record sheet or on a tachograph.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need to follow the GB domestic rules if you:\n\n- are dealing with an emergency - for example, a major disruption to public services or danger to life\n\n- are using the vehicle for private driving and not for work\n\n- drive off-road or on private roads during duty time\n\n- drive a vehicle used by the armed forces, police or fire brigade\n\n## Passenger-carrying vehicles\n\n## Duty time\n\nIf you work as a driver for a company, duty time is any working time. If you\u2019re self-employed, duty time is only time you spend driving the vehicle or doing other work related to the vehicle or its load.\n\n## Daily driving limit\n\nYou must not drive for more than 10 hours in any working day.\n\n## Breaks and continuous driving\n\nAfter 5 hours 30 minutes of driving you must take a break of at least 30 minutes for rest and refreshment.\n\nOr, within any period of 8 hours 30 minutes, you must take at least 45 minutes in breaks. You must also have a break of at least 30 minutes at the end of this period, unless it\u2019s the end of the working day.\n\n## Length of working day (\u2018spreadover\u2019)\n\nYou must not work more than 16 hours between the times of starting and finishing work - including non-driving work and any times when you\u2019re off.\n\n## Daily rest periods\n\nYou must take a rest of 10 hours before the first duty and immediately after the last duty in a working week.\n\nYou must take a rest of at least 10 hours between 2 working days (or spreadovers) - this can be reduced to 8.5 hours up to 3 times a week.\n\n## Fortnightly rest periods\n\nEvery 2 weeks you must take at least one period of 24 hours off duty.\n\nA fixed week is from 00:00 hours on Monday to 24:00 hours the next Sunday.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need to follow the GB domestic rules if you:\n\n- are dealing with an emergency - for example, a major disruption to public services or danger to life\n\n- drive for less than 4 hours a day in a week\n\nIf you drive for more than 4 hours for up to 2 days a week, you do not need to follow all of the rules. You need to:\n\n- follow the rules for daily driving limits and length of working day\n\n- start and finish all of your duties within a 24-hour period\n\n- take a rest of 10 hours before the first duty and immediately after the last duty\n\nIf you work overnight and the rules applied on the day your shift began, you must follow the rules for your entire shift - even if your shift finishes during a week in which you\u2019re exempt from the rules.\n\n## Driving under both EU and GB domestic rules\n\nIf you work partly under EU/AETR rules and partly under GB domestic rules during a day or a week you need to know the following:\n\n- driving under EU rules counts towards the driving and duty limits under GB domestic rules\n\n- on any days you drive under EU rules you must take EU daily rest periods, as well as a weekly rest period\n\n- you cannot count the time you spend driving under EU rules as an off-duty period under GB domestic rules\n\n- driving and other duty under GB domestic rules count as \u2018attendance at work\u2019, not as a break or rest period under EU rules\n\n## Driving limits\n\nYou must follow the GB domestic limit of a maximum of 10 hours driving a day. But at any time when you\u2019re actually driving under the EU rules you must follow all the rules on EU driving limits.\n\n## Other duty limits\n\nYou must follow the GB domestic limit of a maximum of:\n\n- 11 hours on duty if you drive a goods vehicle\n\n- 16 hours on duty if you drive a passenger-carrying vehicle\n\n## Rest periods and breaks\n\nYou must follow the EU rules on rest periods and breaks on days and weeks when you drive under EU rules.\n\nA fixed week is from 00:00 hours on Monday to 24:00 hours the next Sunday.\n\nRead Goods vehicles: rules on drivers\u2019 hours and tachographs for the main rules.\n\nRead the rules for drivers\u2019 hours in the recovery vehicle industry.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/drivers-hours", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I took a new route driving a passenger bus across the EU, from France to Germany. The towns I will be connecting are 10 hours apart and I am expected to drive the distance without rest twice a week. Once on Monday and once on Thursday.", + "original_question": "Does this follow the EU regulations for drivers' hours?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1773", + "question": "Scenario: I am interested in becoming a DAS motorcycle instructor. I have been looking into the requirements and I believe I meet almost all of them. I have booked my assessment and will be attending next Monday at 8:30. However I will have to pick up my kids from school at around 2pm.\n\nQuestion: Will the assessment last the whole day?\n\nDocument - Become a direct access scheme (DAS) motorcycle instructor:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.\n\nAll provisional licence holders training on a motorbike over 125cc and 11kW power output must be trained by a qualified DAS instructor.\n\n## Rules for becoming a DAS instructor\n\nTo become a DAS certified instructor you must have a driving licence from either:\n\n- Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- the EU or EEA - but you must register it\n first\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be 21 or over\n\n- have had a full category A2 or A motorcycle licence for at least 3 years\n\n- have passed the 2-day assessment to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor\n\nYou\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.\n\n## When you qualify\n\nWhen you pass you\u2019ll be able to give DAS training.\n\n## How to book your assessment\n\nThe direct access scheme (DAS) instructor assessment lasts for half a day. You can book a:\n\n- morning assessment, which starts at 8:30am\n\n- afternoon assessment, which starts at 1pm\n\nFill in the application form to book your assessment and send it to the address on the form. There\u2019s no charge for the assessment.\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact you to arrange a date after checking your application.\n\nYour application will be valid for 6 months.\n\n## If you cannot go to your assessment\n\nTell DVSA by email if you cannot attend your assessment.\n\nYou must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\n## Preparing for the assessment\n\nStudy the training guidance before you take the assessment.\n\nSign up for email alerts to be told when the guidance is updated.\n\n## Other preparation\n\nYou should also study the following official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) publications:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Learning to Ride\n\n- Riding - the Essential Skills\n\n- Theory Test for Motorcyclists\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to bring to your assessment\n\nYou need to bring:\n\n- your valid driving licence\n\n- your CBT1 card\n\n- your joining instructions\n\n- a fully taxed and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW\n\n- a full-face safety helmet\n\nIf you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.\n\nYour assessment will be cancelled if you do not bring these.\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to bring relevant training aids and preparation material with you.\n\n## What the assessment involves\n\nThere are 3 main sessions in the direct access scheme (DAS) instructor assessment. You\u2019ll get a full explanation before the assessment starts.\n\n## Session 1 - theory\n\nThis session lasts around 15 minutes. The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) assessor will play the role of a rider who:\n\n- has done their compulsory basic training (CBT) on a 125cc motorcycle\n\n- is new to riding larger and more powerful motorcycles\n\nYou have to show and tell them the main differences between large motorcycles and the smaller motorcycles used for CBT. You\u2019ll do this alongside the motorcycle.\n\n## Session 2 - on-site handling assessment\n\nIn this session of the assessment you\u2019ll be given the scenario of a rider who has:\n\n- already taken CBT\n\n- difficulties in the basic control of a large motorcycle when riding it on private land\n\nYou have to:\n\n- decide how to overcome the difficulties\n\n- give instruction to develop the rider\u2019s basic skills off-road\n\nThe scenario will include 2 of the following riding skills requiring attention:\n\n- moving off and stopping the bike\n\n- controlled braking\n\n- gear-changing\n\n- slow riding skills\n\n- slow controlled turning (similar to the \u2018figure of 8\u2019 exercise on CBT)\n\n## Session 3 - on-road assessments\n\nThis session of the assessment will last for around 1 hour 30 minutes. The assessor will play the part of a trainee.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to give 3 on-road lessons during this session.\n\nThe assessor will select the lessons from:\n\n- positioning in normal riding and dealing with bends\n\n- negotiating left and right turns at junctions\n\n- dealing with different types of crossroads\n\n- dealing with town centre riding\n\n- negotiating roundabouts\n\n- dealing with dual carriageways\n\n- dealing with other traffic safely when following behind and overtaking other vehicles\n\n- moving off from all positions\n\n- riding in areas with a national speed limit\n\n- joining and leaving dual carriageways and following behind other traffic\n\n- dealing with overtaking, meeting, filtering and leaving enough clearance to stationary vehicles\n\n- moving off, the emergency stop exercise, u-turn exercises (pushing and riding) and taking the motorcycle on and off the stand\n\n## During the on-road assessments\n\nDuring the ride you\u2019ll be expected to:\n\n- give any instruction you feel necessary\n\n- correct any riding faults that may occur\n\nYou can ask the trainee to pull up so that you can give face-to-face instruction or guidance.\n\n## Your assessment result\n\nYou\u2019ll be given your result and a debrief at the end of the assessment by the assessor. You\u2019ll be sent confirmation of your result by post.\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to tell your approved training body your result.\n\n## Passing the assessment\n\nIf you pass, fill in Form 4 to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to give details of any motoring or non-motoring offences you\u2019ve got within the last 4 years on your application form. These will be taken into account when DVSA assesses your suitability to be authorised.\n\nYou are not allowed to conduct DAS courses until you\u2019ve got your registration certificate.\n\n## Failing the assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent another DAS assessment application form if you do not pass so you can book again if you want to.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-direct-access-scheme-motorcycle-instructor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am interested in becoming a DAS motorcycle instructor. I have been looking into the requirements and I believe I meet almost all of them. I have booked my assessment and will be attending next Monday at 8:30. However I will have to pick up my kids from school at around 2pm.", + "original_question": "Will the assessment last the whole day?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1774", + "question": "Scenario: I will be attending my DAS motorcycle instructor assessment tomorrow. I am aware that its split up into 3 Sessions with the third one being the on-road assessment one, which is the one I am the most excited and most anxious about. I have always struggled with roundabouts, especially with the new ones they set up in my area.\n\nQuestion: Could the assessor request a lesson on roundabouts?\n\nDocument - Become a direct access scheme (DAS) motorcycle instructor:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.\n\nAll provisional licence holders training on a motorbike over 125cc and 11kW power output must be trained by a qualified DAS instructor.\n\n## Rules for becoming a DAS instructor\n\nTo become a DAS certified instructor you must have a driving licence from either:\n\n- Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- the EU or EEA - but you must register it\n first\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be 21 or over\n\n- have had a full category A2 or A motorcycle licence for at least 3 years\n\n- have passed the 2-day assessment to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor\n\nYou\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.\n\n## When you qualify\n\nWhen you pass you\u2019ll be able to give DAS training.\n\n## How to book your assessment\n\nThe direct access scheme (DAS) instructor assessment lasts for half a day. You can book a:\n\n- morning assessment, which starts at 8:30am\n\n- afternoon assessment, which starts at 1pm\n\nFill in the application form to book your assessment and send it to the address on the form. There\u2019s no charge for the assessment.\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact you to arrange a date after checking your application.\n\nYour application will be valid for 6 months.\n\n## If you cannot go to your assessment\n\nTell DVSA by email if you cannot attend your assessment.\n\nYou must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\n## Preparing for the assessment\n\nStudy the training guidance before you take the assessment.\n\nSign up for email alerts to be told when the guidance is updated.\n\n## Other preparation\n\nYou should also study the following official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) publications:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Learning to Ride\n\n- Riding - the Essential Skills\n\n- Theory Test for Motorcyclists\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to bring to your assessment\n\nYou need to bring:\n\n- your valid driving licence\n\n- your CBT1 card\n\n- your joining instructions\n\n- a fully taxed and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW\n\n- a full-face safety helmet\n\nIf you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.\n\nYour assessment will be cancelled if you do not bring these.\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to bring relevant training aids and preparation material with you.\n\n## What the assessment involves\n\nThere are 3 main sessions in the direct access scheme (DAS) instructor assessment. You\u2019ll get a full explanation before the assessment starts.\n\n## Session 1 - theory\n\nThis session lasts around 15 minutes. The Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) assessor will play the role of a rider who:\n\n- has done their compulsory basic training (CBT) on a 125cc motorcycle\n\n- is new to riding larger and more powerful motorcycles\n\nYou have to show and tell them the main differences between large motorcycles and the smaller motorcycles used for CBT. You\u2019ll do this alongside the motorcycle.\n\n## Session 2 - on-site handling assessment\n\nIn this session of the assessment you\u2019ll be given the scenario of a rider who has:\n\n- already taken CBT\n\n- difficulties in the basic control of a large motorcycle when riding it on private land\n\nYou have to:\n\n- decide how to overcome the difficulties\n\n- give instruction to develop the rider\u2019s basic skills off-road\n\nThe scenario will include 2 of the following riding skills requiring attention:\n\n- moving off and stopping the bike\n\n- controlled braking\n\n- gear-changing\n\n- slow riding skills\n\n- slow controlled turning (similar to the \u2018figure of 8\u2019 exercise on CBT)\n\n## Session 3 - on-road assessments\n\nThis session of the assessment will last for around 1 hour 30 minutes. The assessor will play the part of a trainee.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to give 3 on-road lessons during this session.\n\nThe assessor will select the lessons from:\n\n- positioning in normal riding and dealing with bends\n\n- negotiating left and right turns at junctions\n\n- dealing with different types of crossroads\n\n- dealing with town centre riding\n\n- negotiating roundabouts\n\n- dealing with dual carriageways\n\n- dealing with other traffic safely when following behind and overtaking other vehicles\n\n- moving off from all positions\n\n- riding in areas with a national speed limit\n\n- joining and leaving dual carriageways and following behind other traffic\n\n- dealing with overtaking, meeting, filtering and leaving enough clearance to stationary vehicles\n\n- moving off, the emergency stop exercise, u-turn exercises (pushing and riding) and taking the motorcycle on and off the stand\n\n## During the on-road assessments\n\nDuring the ride you\u2019ll be expected to:\n\n- give any instruction you feel necessary\n\n- correct any riding faults that may occur\n\nYou can ask the trainee to pull up so that you can give face-to-face instruction or guidance.\n\n## Your assessment result\n\nYou\u2019ll be given your result and a debrief at the end of the assessment by the assessor. You\u2019ll be sent confirmation of your result by post.\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to tell your approved training body your result.\n\n## Passing the assessment\n\nIf you pass, fill in Form 4 to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a direct access scheme (DAS) certified instructor.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to give details of any motoring or non-motoring offences you\u2019ve got within the last 4 years on your application form. These will be taken into account when DVSA assesses your suitability to be authorised.\n\nYou are not allowed to conduct DAS courses until you\u2019ve got your registration certificate.\n\n## Failing the assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent another DAS assessment application form if you do not pass so you can book again if you want to.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-direct-access-scheme-motorcycle-instructor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I will be attending my DAS motorcycle instructor assessment tomorrow. I am aware that its split up into 3 Sessions with the third one being the on-road assessment one, which is the one I am the most excited and most anxious about. I have always struggled with roundabouts, especially with the new ones they set up in my area.", + "original_question": "Could the assessor request a lesson on roundabouts?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1775", + "question": "Scenario: I successfully applied for an advanced learner loan for a high level software course I was interested in taking. I believe this course is going to jump start my career as a software engineer but in all of the chaos with the applications I missed a few details regarding the loan.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to start repaying the loan as soon as I am done with the course?\n\nDocument - Advanced Learner Loan:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for an Advanced Learner Loan to help with the costs of a course at a college or training provider in England.\n\nLoan eligibility does not depend on your income and there are no credit checks.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible before you apply for an Advanced Learner Loan.\n\nDifferent funding is available if you want to study in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales.\n\n## When you repay your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.\n\n## Access to Higher Education (HE) course\n\nStudent Finance England will \u2018write off\u2019 any outstanding Advanced Learner Loan balances you owe for an Access to HE course once you complete a higher education course. This means you do not have to repay it.\n\nThe higher education course must be eligible for student finance.\n\n## Loan Bursary Fund\n\nYou may also be eligible for money from the Advanced Learner Loan Bursary Fund if you need help with some costs while studying, for example childcare, travel or trips related to your course.\n\nUse the Money Advice Service to work out the cost of borrowing.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- the type of course\n\n- your course fees\n\n- the maximum loan available for your course\n\nThe minimum loan you can get is \u00a3300 and is paid directly to your college or training provider.\n\nYou do not have to borrow the full cost of your course - you can pay for some of it yourself.\n\n## Number of loans you can get\n\nYou can apply for up to 4 loans and you can get more than one at the same time.\n\nYou can apply for another loan to take the same level of a course, for example the same level qualification in History if you\u2019ve already had a loan for the same level in Maths.\n\nYou can only apply once for an Access to Higher Education course.\n\n## A Levels\n\nYou can apply for a loan to fund each course you take towards your A Levels - up to a maximum of 4 A Levels.\n\nThis means you can have up to 8 loans if you\u2019re taking each A Level as 2 separate courses.\n\nThe courses must be in the same subject to qualify for a full A Level.\n\nYou can get 3 more loans for non A Level courses either before or after your course of A Levels.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify for an Advanced Learner Loan depends on your:\n\n- age\n\n- course\n\n- college or training provider\n\n- nationality or residency status\n\nYou must be 19 or older on the first day of your course.\n\nYour course must be:\n\n- a Level 3, 4, 5 or 6 qualification, for example A Levels or graduate certificate\n\n- at an approved college or training provider in England\n\nAsk your college or training provider if you do not know if your course is eligible.\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nIn most cases, all of the following must apply. You must:\n\n- be living in the UK on the first day of your course\n\n- be a UK national or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (this means there are no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- have been living in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years before starting your course\n\nIf you have settled status because you\u2019re a victim of domestic violence, you do not need to have lived in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years.\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re:\n\n- a UK national, or someone with settled status, but you live in the European Economic Area (EEA)\n\n- an EU national or a family member of one\n\n- not a UK national but you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\n- a refugee or a relative of one\n\n- a migrant worker\n\n- the child of a Swiss national\n\n- the child of a Turkish worker\n\n- under humanitarian protection or a relative of someone who has been granted it\n\n- staying in the UK as a stateless person (or their family member) and your course started on or after 1 August 2018\n\n- a serving member of the UK armed forces (or their spouse, civil partner or a dependent parent or child living with them) doing a distance learning course from outside the UK that started on or after 1 August 2017\n\n- someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain or a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain - if your course starts on or after 1 August 2020 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course\n\n## Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nYou need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Check with your college or training provider that the course qualifies.\n\n- Ask them for a \u2018Learning and funding information\u2019 letter - you need this to complete the application. It contains the details about your course.\n\n- Apply online - you\u2019ll need to register first. You can apply by post if you cannot apply online.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter confirming your loan - usually within 2 weeks if you apply online (postal applications take longer).\n\n## What you need to know\n\nYou cannot apply until you get a \u2018learning and funding information letter\u2019 from your college or training provider.\n\nYou can apply for a loan without a National Insurance number but you must have one before the loan can be paid.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIf you cannot apply online, apply by post - the address is on the form.\n\n## Proof of identity\n\nIf you\u2019re a UK national, include your UK passport details in your application as proof of identity. If you forget, use the \u2018UK passport details form\u2019.\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\nIf you\u2019re from an EU country, send your EU passport or identity card the first time you apply.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nUse the \u2018Evidence return form\u2019 if you need to send extra information to support your application, such as proof of residency status.\n\n## Change an application\n\nOnce your application has been approved you can log in to your account to make a change online.\n\nIf you just want to change your loan amount you can use the loan request form instead.\n\n## Bursary fund\n\nYou may apply to get money from the Loan Bursary Fund after you\u2019ve received a letter approving your Advanced Learner Loan.\n\nThe money can help pay for things like:\n\n- accommodation and travel\n\n- course materials and equipment\n\n- childcare\n\n- classroom assistance for a disability or learning difficulty - once you\u2019re assessed by your college or training provider\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply to your college or training provider - each one has its own application process. How much you get depends on the provider\u2019s scheme and your circumstances.\n\nSpeak to student services if you need support with your application.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nYour college or training provider decides how the money is paid. You\u2019ll normally be paid direct. You might be able to arrange for the money to be paid to someone else instead, for example your landlord or childcare provider.\n\nIn some situations fund money must be paid back. This is generally if you\u2019re a student experiencing a temporary financial difficulty and need a loan, for example for help with your mortgage or rent.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:\n\n- Professional and Career Development Loans\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- getting student finance for higher education\n\n- on an apprenticeship training scheme\n\n- on a Community Learning course\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nContact your college or training provider to appeal a decision from the Loan Bursary Fund.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I successfully applied for an advanced learner loan for a high level software course I was interested in taking. I believe this course is going to jump start my career as a software engineer but in all of the chaos with the applications I missed a few details regarding the loan.", + "original_question": "Do I have to start repaying the loan as soon as I am done with the course?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1776", + "question": "Scenario: I am currently studying mechanical engineering in South-West England. I am an European student who was eligible to receive a student finance loan for my bachelor's degree.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible to get money from the Bursary fund under these circumstances?\n\nDocument - Advanced Learner Loan:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for an Advanced Learner Loan to help with the costs of a course at a college or training provider in England.\n\nLoan eligibility does not depend on your income and there are no credit checks.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible before you apply for an Advanced Learner Loan.\n\nDifferent funding is available if you want to study in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales.\n\n## When you repay your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.\n\n## Access to Higher Education (HE) course\n\nStudent Finance England will \u2018write off\u2019 any outstanding Advanced Learner Loan balances you owe for an Access to HE course once you complete a higher education course. This means you do not have to repay it.\n\nThe higher education course must be eligible for student finance.\n\n## Loan Bursary Fund\n\nYou may also be eligible for money from the Advanced Learner Loan Bursary Fund if you need help with some costs while studying, for example childcare, travel or trips related to your course.\n\nUse the Money Advice Service to work out the cost of borrowing.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- the type of course\n\n- your course fees\n\n- the maximum loan available for your course\n\nThe minimum loan you can get is \u00a3300 and is paid directly to your college or training provider.\n\nYou do not have to borrow the full cost of your course - you can pay for some of it yourself.\n\n## Number of loans you can get\n\nYou can apply for up to 4 loans and you can get more than one at the same time.\n\nYou can apply for another loan to take the same level of a course, for example the same level qualification in History if you\u2019ve already had a loan for the same level in Maths.\n\nYou can only apply once for an Access to Higher Education course.\n\n## A Levels\n\nYou can apply for a loan to fund each course you take towards your A Levels - up to a maximum of 4 A Levels.\n\nThis means you can have up to 8 loans if you\u2019re taking each A Level as 2 separate courses.\n\nThe courses must be in the same subject to qualify for a full A Level.\n\nYou can get 3 more loans for non A Level courses either before or after your course of A Levels.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify for an Advanced Learner Loan depends on your:\n\n- age\n\n- course\n\n- college or training provider\n\n- nationality or residency status\n\nYou must be 19 or older on the first day of your course.\n\nYour course must be:\n\n- a Level 3, 4, 5 or 6 qualification, for example A Levels or graduate certificate\n\n- at an approved college or training provider in England\n\nAsk your college or training provider if you do not know if your course is eligible.\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nIn most cases, all of the following must apply. You must:\n\n- be living in the UK on the first day of your course\n\n- be a UK national or have \u2018settled status\u2019 (this means there are no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- have been living in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years before starting your course\n\nIf you have settled status because you\u2019re a victim of domestic violence, you do not need to have lived in the UK, Channel Islands or Isle of Man for 3 years.\n\nYou may also qualify if you\u2019re:\n\n- a UK national, or someone with settled status, but you live in the European Economic Area (EEA)\n\n- an EU national or a family member of one\n\n- not a UK national but you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\n- a refugee or a relative of one\n\n- a migrant worker\n\n- the child of a Swiss national\n\n- the child of a Turkish worker\n\n- under humanitarian protection or a relative of someone who has been granted it\n\n- staying in the UK as a stateless person (or their family member) and your course started on or after 1 August 2018\n\n- a serving member of the UK armed forces (or their spouse, civil partner or a dependent parent or child living with them) doing a distance learning course from outside the UK that started on or after 1 August 2017\n\n- someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain or a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain - if your course starts on or after 1 August 2020 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK for at least 3 years before the first day of the first academic year of your course\n\n## Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nYou need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Check with your college or training provider that the course qualifies.\n\n- Ask them for a \u2018Learning and funding information\u2019 letter - you need this to complete the application. It contains the details about your course.\n\n- Apply online - you\u2019ll need to register first. You can apply by post if you cannot apply online.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a letter confirming your loan - usually within 2 weeks if you apply online (postal applications take longer).\n\n## What you need to know\n\nYou cannot apply until you get a \u2018learning and funding information letter\u2019 from your college or training provider.\n\nYou can apply for a loan without a National Insurance number but you must have one before the loan can be paid.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIf you cannot apply online, apply by post - the address is on the form.\n\n## Proof of identity\n\nIf you\u2019re a UK national, include your UK passport details in your application as proof of identity. If you forget, use the \u2018UK passport details form\u2019.\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\nIf you\u2019re from an EU country, send your EU passport or identity card the first time you apply.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nUse the \u2018Evidence return form\u2019 if you need to send extra information to support your application, such as proof of residency status.\n\n## Change an application\n\nOnce your application has been approved you can log in to your account to make a change online.\n\nIf you just want to change your loan amount you can use the loan request form instead.\n\n## Bursary fund\n\nYou may apply to get money from the Loan Bursary Fund after you\u2019ve received a letter approving your Advanced Learner Loan.\n\nThe money can help pay for things like:\n\n- accommodation and travel\n\n- course materials and equipment\n\n- childcare\n\n- classroom assistance for a disability or learning difficulty - once you\u2019re assessed by your college or training provider\n\n## How to apply\n\nApply to your college or training provider - each one has its own application process. How much you get depends on the provider\u2019s scheme and your circumstances.\n\nSpeak to student services if you need support with your application.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nYour college or training provider decides how the money is paid. You\u2019ll normally be paid direct. You might be able to arrange for the money to be paid to someone else instead, for example your landlord or childcare provider.\n\nIn some situations fund money must be paid back. This is generally if you\u2019re a student experiencing a temporary financial difficulty and need a loan, for example for help with your mortgage or rent.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:\n\n- Professional and Career Development Loans\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- getting student finance for higher education\n\n- on an apprenticeship training scheme\n\n- on a Community Learning course\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nContact your college or training provider to appeal a decision from the Loan Bursary Fund.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/advanced-learner-loan", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am currently studying mechanical engineering in South-West England. I am an European student who was eligible to receive a student finance loan for my bachelor's degree.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible to get money from the Bursary fund under these circumstances?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1777", + "question": "Scenario: Me and my wife are planning a trip to Germany next month. We both have photocard driving licenses issued in the UK. We will be staying for a little over 5 weeks and will most definitely be renting a car to get around easier. We haven't been on a trip outside of the UK together yet so we are excited to explore other cultures.\n\nQuestion: Do I need additional documentation to drive in Germany?\n\nDocument - Driving abroad:\n## Driving abroad on holiday\n\nYou need to take your Great Britain or Northern Ireland driving licence with you to drive abroad. Check yours is still valid and renew your driving licence online if it\u2019s expired or about to expire. You\u2019ll need to apply to renew your licence at least a week before you travel.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking your own vehicle, you also need to take your log book (V5C) and your insurance certificate.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking a vehicle abroad that you\u2019ve hired or leased in the UK, you\u2019ll need a VE103 certificate.\n\n## Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou might need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. Check if you need an IDP.\n\nYou can get IDPs over the counter at the Post Office. You might need one for each country you\u2019re visiting.\n\nDo not apply for an IDP if you\u2019re moving abroad. You\u2019ll need to either exchange your UK licence or apply for a new one in the country you\u2019re moving to.\n\n## Check the overseas driving rules\n\nMake sure you follow overseas driving rules, including local speed limits and drink driving laws. You may be breaking the law and get a fine if you do not.\n\nDepending on the country you\u2019re visiting you may need:\n\n- extra equipment - for example, you need a reflective jacket and a warning triangle in many countries\n\n- emission stickers (permits) in some European cities - you may need to buy these weeks before you go abroad\n\n- headlight converter stickers\n\n- a GB sticker\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, it\u2019s your responsibility to check you have the equipment you need.\n\nCheck what you need to do if you\u2019re driving in the EU.\n\nCheck the travel advice for all countries.\n\n## Check your insurance if you\u2019re taking your own vehicle\n\nYour UK vehicle insurance gives you a minimum of third party cover to drive your vehicle in EU countries. Check with your insurer if your policy covers extra things like theft or damage.\n\nYou need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 for your vehicle if you\u2019re driving in:\n\n- the EU (including Ireland)\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Iceland\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Norway\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Switzerland\n\nIn other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card to show you\u2019re covered. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re driving in.\n\n## Towing your trailer or caravan abroad\n\nCheck if you need to register your trailer before you can take it abroad.\n\nWhen driving in the EU (including Ireland), Andorra, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Serbia and Switzerland, you need to carry a separate green card for both:\n\n- the vehicle you\u2019re driving\n\n- the trailer or caravan you\u2019re towing\n\nIn other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card for each trailer or caravan you tow. Check what you need to bring with your insurer before you travel.\n\n## Hiring a car abroad\n\nYour hire company may ask to see your driving licence information when you pick up the car. You can share this by getting a licence \u2018check code\u2019. You can do this up to 21 days before your trip.\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, insurance is included. Check what you\u2019re covered for with the hire company.\n\n## Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou may need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. The permit you may need depends on:\n\n- which country you\u2019re visiting\n\n- how long you\u2019re staying\n\nYou need to have a valid Great Britain (GB) or Northern Ireland driving licence to get an IDP.\n\n## Driving in Europe\n\nYou do not need an IDP to drive in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein if you have a photocard driving licence issued in the UK.\n\nYou might need an IDP to drive in some EU countries and Norway if you have either:\n\n- a paper driving licence\n\n- a licence issued in Gibraltar, Guernsey, Jersey or the Isle of Man\n\nCheck with the embassy of the country you will be driving in.\n\n## Check which IDP you need\n\nCheck the table to find out if you need an IDP. There are 3 types of IDP:\n\n- 1926\n\n- 1949\n\n- 1968\n\nThe IDP you need depends on what country you\u2019re visiting.\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling through more than one country, you might need more than one type of IDP.\n\nIf the country you\u2019re visiting is not included in the table, check with the embassy of the country you\u2019re travelling to.\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, check with your car hire company.\n\nIf you already have an IDP, make sure it\u2019s still valid in the country you\u2019re visiting.\n\n| Country or territory | Type of IDP | More information |\n\n| Albania | 1968 | |\n\n| Algeria | 1949 | |\n\n| Andorra | 1949 | |\n\n| Argentina | 1949 | |\n\n| Armenia | 1968 | |\n\n| Australia | 1949 | |\n\n| Austria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Azerbaijan | 1968 | |\n\n| Bahamas | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Bahrain | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days. You must get your permit certified by local authorities when you arrive. |\n\n| Bangladesh | 1949 | |\n\n| Barbados | 1949 | |\n\n| Belarus | 1968 | |\n\n| Belgium | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Belgian Embassy. |\n\n| Benin | 1949 | |\n\n| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1968 | |\n\n| Botswana | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire. |\n\n| Brazil | 1968 | You need to get a certified translation of your IDP from the British consulate. |\n\n| Bulgaria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Burkina Faso | 1949 | |\n\n| Cambodia | 1949 | |\n\n| Canada | 1949 | |\n\n| Cape Verde | 1968 | |\n\n| Central African Republic | 1968 | |\n\n| Chile | 1949 | |\n\n| Congo | 1949 | |\n\n| Cote d\u2019Ivoire (Ivory Coast) | 1968 | |\n\n| Croatia | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Croatian Embassy. |\n\n| Cuba | 1968 | |\n\n| Cyprus | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for visits up to 30 days. For visits longer than 30 days you will need a 1949 IDP. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP for any length of visit. Check with the High Commission of Cyprus. |\n\n| Czech Republic | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Czech Republic Embassy. |\n\n| Democratic Republic of Congo | 1968 | |\n\n| Denmark | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. |\n\n| Dominican Republic | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Ecuador | 1949 | |\n\n| Egypt | 1949 | |\n\n| Estonia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for up to 90 days in any 180-day period. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Estonian Embassy. |\n\n| Eswatini (previously Swaziland) | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Fiji | 1949 | |\n\n| Finland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| France | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the French Embassy. |\n\n| French Polynesia | 1968 | |\n\n| Georgia | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Germany | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the German Embassy. |\n\n| Ghana | 1949 | |\n\n| Greece | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Guam | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Guatemala | 1949 | |\n\n| Guyana | 1968 | |\n\n| Haiti | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Hungary | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Hungarian Embassy. |\n\n| Iceland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 30 days. |\n\n| India | 1949 | |\n\n| Iran | 1968 | |\n\n| Iraq | 1968 | |\n\n| Ireland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. |\n\n| Israel | 1968 | |\n\n| Italy | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Italian Embassy. |\n\n| Jamaica | 1949 | |\n\n| Japan | 1949 | |\n\n| Jordan | 1949 | |\n\n| Kazakhstan | 1968 | |\n\n| Kenya | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Kuwait | 1968 | |\n\n| Kyrgyzstan | 1968 | |\n\n| Laos | 1949 | |\n\n| Latvia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Lebanon | 1949 | |\n\n| Lesotho | 1949 | |\n\n| Liberia | 1968 | |\n\n| Libya | 1949 | |\n\n| Liechtenstein | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Lithuania | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Luxembourg | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Macao (Macau) | 1949 | |\n\n| Madagascar | 1949 | |\n\n| Malawi | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Malaysia (Sabah) | 1949 | |\n\n| Mali | 1949 | |\n\n| Malta | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP. Check with the Malta High Commission. |\n\n| Mexico | 1926 | |\n\n| Moldova | 1968 | |\n\n| Monaco | 1968 | |\n\n| Mongolia | 1968 | |\n\n| Montenegro | 1968 | |\n\n| Morocco | 1968 | |\n\n| Myanmar (previously Burma) | 1968 | |\n\n| Namibia | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Netherlands | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| New Zealand | 1949 | |\n\n| Niger | 1968 | |\n\n| Nigeria | 1968 | |\n\n| North Macedonia | 1968 | |\n\n| Norway | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Norwegian Embassy. |\n\n| Pakistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Papua New Guinea | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Paraguay | 1949 | |\n\n| Peru | 1968 | |\n\n| Philippines | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Poland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Portugal | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Qatar | 1968 | |\n\n| Romania | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Romanian Embassy. |\n\n| Russian Federation | 1968 | |\n\n| Rwanda | 1949 | |\n\n| San Marino | 1968 | |\n\n| Saudi Arabia | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire. |\n\n| Senegal | 1968 | |\n\n| Serbia | 1968 | |\n\n| Seychelles | 1968 | |\n\n| Sierra Leone | 1949 | |\n\n| Singapore | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Slovakia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. For visits longer than 6 months you\u2019ll need a 1968 IDP. |\n\n| Slovenia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. |\n\n| Somalia | 1926 | |\n\n| South Africa | 1968 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| South Korea | 1949 | |\n\n| Spain (including Balearic and Canary Isles) | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Sri Lanka | 1949 | As well as the IDP, you must get a Sri Lankan recognition permit from the Automobile Association of Ceylon (AAC) in Colombo. |\n\n| St. Lucia | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence. |\n\n| St. Vincent | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence. |\n\n| Sweden | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. |\n\n| Switzerland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Syria | 1949 | |\n\n| Tajikistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Taiwan | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Thailand | 1949 | |\n\n| Togo | 1949 | |\n\n| Trinidad & Tobago | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Tunisia | 1968 | |\n\n| Turkey | 1968 | |\n\n| Turkmenistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Uganda | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Ukraine | 1968 | |\n\n| United Arab Emirates | 1968 | |\n\n| United States | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Uruguay | 1968 | |\n\n| Uzbekistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Vatican City | 1949 | |\n\n| Venezuela | 1949 | |\n\n| Vietnam | 1968 | |\n\n| Zimbabwe | 1968 | |\n\n## Get an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou can get an IDP over the counter at the Post Office.\n\nThey cost \u00a35.50 and you must:\n\n- live in Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- have a full UK driving licence\n\n- be 18 or over\n\nCheck if you need an IDP first.\n\nA 1926 or 1949 permit lasts for 12 months. A 1968 permit lasts for 3 years or until your UK driving licence expires, whichever comes first.\n\n## Driving if you move abroad\n\nYou need to get a local driving licence if you move abroad. Check with the driving licence authorities there to find out how to apply.\n\nIn some countries you can exchange your UK licence without taking another driving test.\n\nIf you move to an EU country, check the rules for exchanging your licence in the EU.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Me and my wife are planning a trip to Germany next month. We both have photocard driving licenses issued in the UK. We will be staying for a little over 5 weeks and will most definitely be renting a car to get around easier. We haven't been on a trip outside of the UK together yet so we are excited to explore other cultures.", + "original_question": "Do I need additional documentation to drive in Germany?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1778", + "question": "Scenario: Me, my wife and my son are planning a road trip across he EU this summer. Since a lot of driving will be involved and my son just got his license at 17 we are probably gonna let him drive on some less populated roads. I am aware that some countries require an international driving permit and me and my wife will be getting ours soon.\n\nQuestion: Is my son eligible to purchase an international driving permit?\n\nDocument - Driving abroad:\n## Driving abroad on holiday\n\nYou need to take your Great Britain or Northern Ireland driving licence with you to drive abroad. Check yours is still valid and renew your driving licence online if it\u2019s expired or about to expire. You\u2019ll need to apply to renew your licence at least a week before you travel.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking your own vehicle, you also need to take your log book (V5C) and your insurance certificate.\n\nIf you\u2019re taking a vehicle abroad that you\u2019ve hired or leased in the UK, you\u2019ll need a VE103 certificate.\n\n## Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou might need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. Check if you need an IDP.\n\nYou can get IDPs over the counter at the Post Office. You might need one for each country you\u2019re visiting.\n\nDo not apply for an IDP if you\u2019re moving abroad. You\u2019ll need to either exchange your UK licence or apply for a new one in the country you\u2019re moving to.\n\n## Check the overseas driving rules\n\nMake sure you follow overseas driving rules, including local speed limits and drink driving laws. You may be breaking the law and get a fine if you do not.\n\nDepending on the country you\u2019re visiting you may need:\n\n- extra equipment - for example, you need a reflective jacket and a warning triangle in many countries\n\n- emission stickers (permits) in some European cities - you may need to buy these weeks before you go abroad\n\n- headlight converter stickers\n\n- a GB sticker\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, it\u2019s your responsibility to check you have the equipment you need.\n\nCheck what you need to do if you\u2019re driving in the EU.\n\nCheck the travel advice for all countries.\n\n## Check your insurance if you\u2019re taking your own vehicle\n\nYour UK vehicle insurance gives you a minimum of third party cover to drive your vehicle in EU countries. Check with your insurer if your policy covers extra things like theft or damage.\n\nYou need to carry a physical copy of a \u2018green card\u2019 for your vehicle if you\u2019re driving in:\n\n- the EU (including Ireland)\n\n- Andorra\n\n- Iceland\n\n- Liechtenstein\n\n- Norway\n\n- Serbia\n\n- Switzerland\n\nIn other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card to show you\u2019re covered. Check the travel advice for the country you\u2019re driving in.\n\n## Towing your trailer or caravan abroad\n\nCheck if you need to register your trailer before you can take it abroad.\n\nWhen driving in the EU (including Ireland), Andorra, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway, Serbia and Switzerland, you need to carry a separate green card for both:\n\n- the vehicle you\u2019re driving\n\n- the trailer or caravan you\u2019re towing\n\nIn other countries, you may need additional insurance and a green card for each trailer or caravan you tow. Check what you need to bring with your insurer before you travel.\n\n## Hiring a car abroad\n\nYour hire company may ask to see your driving licence information when you pick up the car. You can share this by getting a licence \u2018check code\u2019. You can do this up to 21 days before your trip.\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, insurance is included. Check what you\u2019re covered for with the hire company.\n\n## Check if you need an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou may need an international driving permit (IDP) to drive in some countries. The permit you may need depends on:\n\n- which country you\u2019re visiting\n\n- how long you\u2019re staying\n\nYou need to have a valid Great Britain (GB) or Northern Ireland driving licence to get an IDP.\n\n## Driving in Europe\n\nYou do not need an IDP to drive in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein if you have a photocard driving licence issued in the UK.\n\nYou might need an IDP to drive in some EU countries and Norway if you have either:\n\n- a paper driving licence\n\n- a licence issued in Gibraltar, Guernsey, Jersey or the Isle of Man\n\nCheck with the embassy of the country you will be driving in.\n\n## Check which IDP you need\n\nCheck the table to find out if you need an IDP. There are 3 types of IDP:\n\n- 1926\n\n- 1949\n\n- 1968\n\nThe IDP you need depends on what country you\u2019re visiting.\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling through more than one country, you might need more than one type of IDP.\n\nIf the country you\u2019re visiting is not included in the table, check with the embassy of the country you\u2019re travelling to.\n\nIf you\u2019re hiring a car, check with your car hire company.\n\nIf you already have an IDP, make sure it\u2019s still valid in the country you\u2019re visiting.\n\n| Country or territory | Type of IDP | More information |\n\n| Albania | 1968 | |\n\n| Algeria | 1949 | |\n\n| Andorra | 1949 | |\n\n| Argentina | 1949 | |\n\n| Armenia | 1968 | |\n\n| Australia | 1949 | |\n\n| Austria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Azerbaijan | 1968 | |\n\n| Bahamas | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Bahrain | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days. You must get your permit certified by local authorities when you arrive. |\n\n| Bangladesh | 1949 | |\n\n| Barbados | 1949 | |\n\n| Belarus | 1968 | |\n\n| Belgium | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Belgian Embassy. |\n\n| Benin | 1949 | |\n\n| Bosnia and Herzegovina | 1968 | |\n\n| Botswana | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire. |\n\n| Brazil | 1968 | You need to get a certified translation of your IDP from the British consulate. |\n\n| Bulgaria | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Burkina Faso | 1949 | |\n\n| Cambodia | 1949 | |\n\n| Canada | 1949 | |\n\n| Cape Verde | 1968 | |\n\n| Central African Republic | 1968 | |\n\n| Chile | 1949 | |\n\n| Congo | 1949 | |\n\n| Cote d\u2019Ivoire (Ivory Coast) | 1968 | |\n\n| Croatia | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Croatian Embassy. |\n\n| Cuba | 1968 | |\n\n| Cyprus | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for visits up to 30 days. For visits longer than 30 days you will need a 1949 IDP. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP for any length of visit. Check with the High Commission of Cyprus. |\n\n| Czech Republic | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Czech Republic Embassy. |\n\n| Democratic Republic of Congo | 1968 | |\n\n| Denmark | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. |\n\n| Dominican Republic | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Ecuador | 1949 | |\n\n| Egypt | 1949 | |\n\n| Estonia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for up to 90 days in any 180-day period. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Estonian Embassy. |\n\n| Eswatini (previously Swaziland) | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Fiji | 1949 | |\n\n| Finland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| France | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the French Embassy. |\n\n| French Polynesia | 1968 | |\n\n| Georgia | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Germany | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the German Embassy. |\n\n| Ghana | 1949 | |\n\n| Greece | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Guam | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Guatemala | 1949 | |\n\n| Guyana | 1968 | |\n\n| Haiti | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Hungary | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Hungarian Embassy. |\n\n| Iceland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 30 days. |\n\n| India | 1949 | |\n\n| Iran | 1968 | |\n\n| Iraq | 1968 | |\n\n| Ireland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. |\n\n| Israel | 1968 | |\n\n| Italy | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Gibraltar, Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Italian Embassy. |\n\n| Jamaica | 1949 | |\n\n| Japan | 1949 | |\n\n| Jordan | 1949 | |\n\n| Kazakhstan | 1968 | |\n\n| Kenya | 1968 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Kuwait | 1968 | |\n\n| Kyrgyzstan | 1968 | |\n\n| Laos | 1949 | |\n\n| Latvia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Lebanon | 1949 | |\n\n| Lesotho | 1949 | |\n\n| Liberia | 1968 | |\n\n| Libya | 1949 | |\n\n| Liechtenstein | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Lithuania | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Luxembourg | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Macao (Macau) | 1949 | |\n\n| Madagascar | 1949 | |\n\n| Malawi | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Malaysia (Sabah) | 1949 | |\n\n| Mali | 1949 | |\n\n| Malta | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from Guernsey or the Isle of Man, you may need a 1949 IDP. Check with the Malta High Commission. |\n\n| Mexico | 1926 | |\n\n| Moldova | 1968 | |\n\n| Monaco | 1968 | |\n\n| Mongolia | 1968 | |\n\n| Montenegro | 1968 | |\n\n| Morocco | 1968 | |\n\n| Myanmar (previously Burma) | 1968 | |\n\n| Namibia | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire. If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Netherlands | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| New Zealand | 1949 | |\n\n| Niger | 1968 | |\n\n| Nigeria | 1968 | |\n\n| North Macedonia | 1968 | |\n\n| Norway | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. If you hold a paper driving licence you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Norwegian Embassy. |\n\n| Pakistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Papua New Guinea | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Paraguay | 1949 | |\n\n| Peru | 1968 | |\n\n| Philippines | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Poland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Portugal | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Qatar | 1968 | |\n\n| Romania | None | If you hold a paper driving licence or a driving licence from the Isle of Man, you may need a 1968 IDP. Check with the Romanian Embassy. |\n\n| Russian Federation | 1968 | |\n\n| Rwanda | 1949 | |\n\n| San Marino | 1968 | |\n\n| Saudi Arabia | 1968 | IDP needed for car hire. |\n\n| Senegal | 1968 | |\n\n| Serbia | 1968 | |\n\n| Seychelles | 1968 | |\n\n| Sierra Leone | 1949 | |\n\n| Singapore | 1949 | IDP needed for car hire, and for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Slovakia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. For visits longer than 6 months you\u2019ll need a 1968 IDP. |\n\n| Slovenia | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 90 days. |\n\n| Somalia | 1926 | |\n\n| South Africa | 1968 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| South Korea | 1949 | |\n\n| Spain (including Balearic and Canary Isles) | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 6 months. |\n\n| Sri Lanka | 1949 | As well as the IDP, you must get a Sri Lankan recognition permit from the Automobile Association of Ceylon (AAC) in Colombo. |\n\n| St. Lucia | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence. |\n\n| St. Vincent | 1949 | Show your UK driving licence or IDP to the police to get a visitor\u2019s licence. |\n\n| Sweden | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here for periods up to 12 months. |\n\n| Switzerland | None | You do not need an IDP to drive here. |\n\n| Syria | 1949 | |\n\n| Tajikistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Taiwan | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 30 days. |\n\n| Thailand | 1949 | |\n\n| Togo | 1949 | |\n\n| Trinidad & Tobago | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Tunisia | 1968 | |\n\n| Turkey | 1968 | |\n\n| Turkmenistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Uganda | 1949 | IDP needed for stays longer than 90 days. |\n\n| Ukraine | 1968 | |\n\n| United Arab Emirates | 1968 | |\n\n| United States | 1949 | If you have an older, paper UK driving licence, you must take another form of photographic ID, such as your passport. You may need to show an IDP to your insurance company if you\u2019re involved in an accident. |\n\n| Uruguay | 1968 | |\n\n| Uzbekistan | 1968 | |\n\n| Vatican City | 1949 | |\n\n| Venezuela | 1949 | |\n\n| Vietnam | 1968 | |\n\n| Zimbabwe | 1968 | |\n\n## Get an international driving permit (IDP)\n\nYou can get an IDP over the counter at the Post Office.\n\nThey cost \u00a35.50 and you must:\n\n- live in Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- have a full UK driving licence\n\n- be 18 or over\n\nCheck if you need an IDP first.\n\nA 1926 or 1949 permit lasts for 12 months. A 1968 permit lasts for 3 years or until your UK driving licence expires, whichever comes first.\n\n## Driving if you move abroad\n\nYou need to get a local driving licence if you move abroad. Check with the driving licence authorities there to find out how to apply.\n\nIn some countries you can exchange your UK licence without taking another driving test.\n\nIf you move to an EU country, check the rules for exchanging your licence in the EU.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/driving-abroad", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Me, my wife and my son are planning a road trip across he EU this summer. Since a lot of driving will be involved and my son just got his license at 17 we are probably gonna let him drive on some less populated roads. I am aware that some countries require an international driving permit and me and my wife will be getting ours soon.", + "original_question": "Is my son eligible to purchase an international driving permit?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1779", + "question": "Scenario: I am interested in acquiring a category G driving license. I got my category B license over 5 years ago now but since my dad's health is worsening I might need to help him more with the his construction business which will be easier if I got a category G license.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to bring my current driver's license to the category G driving test?\n\nDocument - Learning to drive a tractor or specialist vehicle:\n## Driving licence requirements\n\nIf you pass a regular car driving test (category B) you\u2019ll get entitlement to drive:\n\n- agricultural tractors (category F)\n\n- mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles (category K)\n\nFor all other categories you need the correct full licence to drive the tractor or special vehicle on the road.\n\nTo get this you first need to get the right provisional driving licence entitlement and then pass a tractor or specialist vehicle driving test.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive or operate:\n\n- a tractor or specialist vehicle off the public road (there are age limits)\n\n- pedestrian-controlled mowing machines (you must be at least 16)\n\n- electric bikes\n\n- mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\nYou do need a driving licence to drive quad bikes on the road.\n\n## Road rollers and tracked vehicles\n\nYou need a full category B car licence with provisional entitlement for categories G and H to drive:\n\n- road rollers (category G)\n\n- tracked vehicles (category H)\n\nFind out how to add higher categories to your driving licence.\n\n## Age limits\n\n| | Category | Minimum age |\n\n| Agricultural tractors | F | 16/17* |\n\n| Road rollers | G | 21** |\n\n| Tracked vehicles | H | 17/21*** |\n\n| Mowing machine or pedestrian-controlled vehicle | K | 16 |\n\n*If you\u2019re 16 you can only drive tractors less than 2.45 metres wide and tow trailers less than 2.45 metres wide with 2 wheels, or 4 wheels close-coupled (close together).\n\n**If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 these must be small road road-rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot be steam powered, weigh more than 11,960kg or be made for carrying loads.\n\n***If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 the Maximum Authorised Mass (MAM) of the vehicle cannot be more than 3,500kg. (Maximum Authorised Mass is the maximum weight of a vehicle including the maximum load that can be carried safely while used on the road.)\n\n## Practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle\n\nYou can get a provisional licence for a tractor or specialist vehicle at 16, but you cannot practise driving them on the road until you\u2019re 17.\n\nThe only exception is when you\u2019re driving to or from your practical driving test.\n\nYou must be accompanied by a qualified driver if the vehicle was made with a passenger seat. Removing a seat is not allowed.\n\n## Other rules for practising\n\nYou need to display L plates (L or D plates in Wales) when you\u2019re practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle on public roads.\n\nYour vehicle must also be properly insured and roadworthy.\n\n## Finding an instructor\n\nYou might be able to use an approved driving instructor (ADI) if you\u2019re learning to drive a vehicle with controls similar to a car and with 2 front seats.\n\nYour instructor may have to walk alongside you calling out advice if your vehicle does not have space for 2 people on board.\n\n## Driving tests for tractors and specialist vehicles\n\nThe type of driving test you have to do depends on the type of vehicle.\n\n## Category F, G, H or K vehicles\n\nThe examiner will give you instructions at the side of the road and watch how you:\n\n- drive as you go around left and right circuits\n\n- turn round using forward and reverse gears\n\nFor very slow vehicles, like pedestrian-controlled vehicles, your examiner may walk near you where they can watch your driving.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have an eyesight test and at the end of the category F, G, H or K test, you\u2019ll be asked 5 questions on the Highway Code and other motoring matters. You\u2019ll then be asked to identify 6 different traffic signs.\n\n## Category H tests\n\nIn category H driving tests you need to drive the vehicle backwards and turn it around, using its tracks, so it\u2019s facing the opposite direction.\n\nYour examiner will tell you how you should make this manoeuvre.\n\n## Documents you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring either:\n\n- a valid, signed photocard driving licence from the UK or an EU country\n\n- an old-style valid, signed UK paper driving licence along with a valid passport\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou might be able to apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Rules for test vehicles\n\nAll test vehicles have to meet certain rules, depending on their category.\n\n## Category B1 - quadricycles and light 4-wheeled vehicles\n\nYou can only take a test on a category B1 vehicle if you\u2019re registered as disabled.\n\nThe vehicle must:\n\n- weigh no more than 550kg unladen\n\n- be able to drive at 37mph\n\n## Category F - tractors\n\nCategory F includes tractors with 2 or more axles, built for off-road agriculture or forestry work.\n\n## Category G - road rollers\n\nIf you\u2019re between 17 and 20, these must be small road rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot:\n\n- be steam powered\n\n- weigh more than 11,690kg\n\n- be made for carrying loads\n\n## Category H - tracked vehicles\n\nCategory H vehicles must have adequate all-round visibility to let the driver carry out manoeuvres and deal with junctions safely.\n\nAny vehicle needing a second person to help with observation, such as a military vehicle, cannot be used for a category H test.\n\n## Category K - mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles\n\nA mowing machine is a specialist ride-on grass-cutting vehicle with permanent cutting equipment. You must be 16 to use this type of vehicle.\n\nA pedestrian-controlled vehicle is where the operator walks with but doesn\u2019t ride on the vehicle. You do not need a licence to operate one.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am interested in acquiring a category G driving license. I got my category B license over 5 years ago now but since my dad's health is worsening I might need to help him more with the his construction business which will be easier if I got a category G license.", + "original_question": "Do I have to bring my current driver's license to the category G driving test?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1780", + "question": "Scenario: I am 19 years old and am in the process of getting my category G driving license. I plan on following in my father's footsteps in the construction business and am looking forward to working side by side with him. He says he will be able to provide me with a test vehicle for my driving test. His employer is apparently giving him a 10 ton, steam powered road roller for a week so I can practice on it and take the test with it.\n\nQuestion: Can I use this vehicle to take my category G driving test?\n\nDocument - Learning to drive a tractor or specialist vehicle:\n## Driving licence requirements\n\nIf you pass a regular car driving test (category B) you\u2019ll get entitlement to drive:\n\n- agricultural tractors (category F)\n\n- mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles (category K)\n\nFor all other categories you need the correct full licence to drive the tractor or special vehicle on the road.\n\nTo get this you first need to get the right provisional driving licence entitlement and then pass a tractor or specialist vehicle driving test.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive or operate:\n\n- a tractor or specialist vehicle off the public road (there are age limits)\n\n- pedestrian-controlled mowing machines (you must be at least 16)\n\n- electric bikes\n\n- mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\nYou do need a driving licence to drive quad bikes on the road.\n\n## Road rollers and tracked vehicles\n\nYou need a full category B car licence with provisional entitlement for categories G and H to drive:\n\n- road rollers (category G)\n\n- tracked vehicles (category H)\n\nFind out how to add higher categories to your driving licence.\n\n## Age limits\n\n| | Category | Minimum age |\n\n| Agricultural tractors | F | 16/17* |\n\n| Road rollers | G | 21** |\n\n| Tracked vehicles | H | 17/21*** |\n\n| Mowing machine or pedestrian-controlled vehicle | K | 16 |\n\n*If you\u2019re 16 you can only drive tractors less than 2.45 metres wide and tow trailers less than 2.45 metres wide with 2 wheels, or 4 wheels close-coupled (close together).\n\n**If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 these must be small road road-rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot be steam powered, weigh more than 11,960kg or be made for carrying loads.\n\n***If you\u2019re between 17 and 20 the Maximum Authorised Mass (MAM) of the vehicle cannot be more than 3,500kg. (Maximum Authorised Mass is the maximum weight of a vehicle including the maximum load that can be carried safely while used on the road.)\n\n## Practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle\n\nYou can get a provisional licence for a tractor or specialist vehicle at 16, but you cannot practise driving them on the road until you\u2019re 17.\n\nThe only exception is when you\u2019re driving to or from your practical driving test.\n\nYou must be accompanied by a qualified driver if the vehicle was made with a passenger seat. Removing a seat is not allowed.\n\n## Other rules for practising\n\nYou need to display L plates (L or D plates in Wales) when you\u2019re practising driving a tractor or specialist vehicle on public roads.\n\nYour vehicle must also be properly insured and roadworthy.\n\n## Finding an instructor\n\nYou might be able to use an approved driving instructor (ADI) if you\u2019re learning to drive a vehicle with controls similar to a car and with 2 front seats.\n\nYour instructor may have to walk alongside you calling out advice if your vehicle does not have space for 2 people on board.\n\n## Driving tests for tractors and specialist vehicles\n\nThe type of driving test you have to do depends on the type of vehicle.\n\n## Category F, G, H or K vehicles\n\nThe examiner will give you instructions at the side of the road and watch how you:\n\n- drive as you go around left and right circuits\n\n- turn round using forward and reverse gears\n\nFor very slow vehicles, like pedestrian-controlled vehicles, your examiner may walk near you where they can watch your driving.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have an eyesight test and at the end of the category F, G, H or K test, you\u2019ll be asked 5 questions on the Highway Code and other motoring matters. You\u2019ll then be asked to identify 6 different traffic signs.\n\n## Category H tests\n\nIn category H driving tests you need to drive the vehicle backwards and turn it around, using its tracks, so it\u2019s facing the opposite direction.\n\nYour examiner will tell you how you should make this manoeuvre.\n\n## Documents you need to bring to your test\n\nYou must bring either:\n\n- a valid, signed photocard driving licence from the UK or an EU country\n\n- an old-style valid, signed UK paper driving licence along with a valid passport\n\n## Cancelled tests\n\nYou might be able to apply for a refund of out-of-pocket expenses if the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) cancels your test at short notice.\n\n## Rules for test vehicles\n\nAll test vehicles have to meet certain rules, depending on their category.\n\n## Category B1 - quadricycles and light 4-wheeled vehicles\n\nYou can only take a test on a category B1 vehicle if you\u2019re registered as disabled.\n\nThe vehicle must:\n\n- weigh no more than 550kg unladen\n\n- be able to drive at 37mph\n\n## Category F - tractors\n\nCategory F includes tractors with 2 or more axles, built for off-road agriculture or forestry work.\n\n## Category G - road rollers\n\nIf you\u2019re between 17 and 20, these must be small road rollers with metal or hard rollers. They cannot:\n\n- be steam powered\n\n- weigh more than 11,690kg\n\n- be made for carrying loads\n\n## Category H - tracked vehicles\n\nCategory H vehicles must have adequate all-round visibility to let the driver carry out manoeuvres and deal with junctions safely.\n\nAny vehicle needing a second person to help with observation, such as a military vehicle, cannot be used for a category H test.\n\n## Category K - mowing machines or pedestrian-controlled vehicles\n\nA mowing machine is a specialist ride-on grass-cutting vehicle with permanent cutting equipment. You must be 16 to use this type of vehicle.\n\nA pedestrian-controlled vehicle is where the operator walks with but doesn\u2019t ride on the vehicle. You do not need a licence to operate one.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learning-to-drive-a-tractor-or-specialist-vehicle", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 19 years old and am in the process of getting my category G driving license. I plan on following in my father's footsteps in the construction business and am looking forward to working side by side with him. He says he will be able to provide me with a test vehicle for my driving test. His employer is apparently giving him a 10 ton, steam powered road roller for a week so I can practice on it and take the test with it.", + "original_question": "Can I use this vehicle to take my category G driving test?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1781", + "question": "Scenario: I got accepted into my chosen University studying to become a Pediatrician. I applied for a Doctoral Loan 4 months ago and recently got the notice that I have been accepted for that as well. In the whole process of the loan application I realized I missed some details.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to start repaying my loan as soon as I graduate?\n\nDocument - Doctoral Loan:\n## Overview\n\nA Postgraduate Doctoral Loan can help with course fees and living costs while you study a postgraduate doctoral course, such as a PhD.\n\nThere\u2019s different funding if you normally live in Wales. Moving somewhere to study does not count as normally living there.\n\nYou can also get extra support if you have a disability.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## When you can apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to apply for funding for the 2021 to 2022 academic year from summer 2021. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.\n\n## When you repay your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a327,265 if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021\n\n- \u00a326,445 if your course starts between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021\n\n- \u00a325,700 if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get is not based on you or your family\u2019s income.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) may take account of the loan when working out any benefits you receive.\n\nThe loan is paid directly to you. You can use it for your course fees and living costs.\n\nThe loan will be divided equally across each year of your course.\n\n## If you apply after your first year\n\nYou can apply for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan in any year of your course. But if you apply after your first year, you might not get the maximum amount.\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a311,570 each year if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021\n\n- \u00a311,222 each year if your course started between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021\n\n- \u00a310,906 each year if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020\n\n## When you\u2019re paid\n\nYou get the first payment after your course start date, once your university or college confirms that you\u2019ve registered.\n\nThe loan will be paid in 3 instalments of 33%, 33% and 34% each year. After your application has been approved you\u2019ll be sent a letter with your payment dates or you can check them in your online account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify depends on:\n\n- your course\n\n- your age\n\n- your nationality or residency status\n\nYou will not be able to get a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if:\n\n- you\u2019ve received or will receive Research Council funding (for example, studentships, stipends, scholarships and tuition fee support)\n\n- you\u2019re already getting a social work bursary\n\n- you\u2019re already getting an Educational Psychology bursary and your course starts on or after 1 August 2020\n\n- you\u2019re eligible to apply for an NHS bursary (even if you\u2019re not receiving it)\n\n- you\u2019re already getting payments from Student Finance England for another course that you\u2019re studying\n\n- you\u2019ve received a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan before - unless you left your course due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason\n\n- you already have a doctoral degree, or a qualification that\u2019s equivalent or higher\n\n- you\u2019re receiving a doctorate by publication\n\n- you\u2019re behind in repayments for any previous loans from the Student Loans Company\n\n## Your course\n\nIt must:\n\n- be a full, standalone doctoral course (not a top-up course)\n\n- have started on or after 1 August 2018\n\n- last between 3 to 8 academic years\n\n- be provided by a university in the UK with research degree awarding powers\n\nIf more than one university delivers your course and one is overseas, you\u2019ll still be eligible for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan so long as:\n\n- the UK university is the lead institution\n\n- you spend at least 50% of your study time over the whole course in the UK\n\nIt can be:\n\n- full-time or part-time\n\n- taught or research-based, or a combination of both\n\nExamples of postgraduate doctoral qualifications include:\n\n- PhD / DPhil (Doctor of Philosophy)\n\n- EdD (Doctor of Education)\n\n- EngD (Doctor of Engineering)\n\n## Integrated doctorals\n\nYou can apply for a loan if your doctoral programme includes an integrated master\u2019s degree (even if you already have a master\u2019s degree).\n\nYou must register for a full doctoral degree.\n\nYou will not be able to apply for a separate Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan.\n\n## Distance learning\n\nTo qualify for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan for distance learning, you\u2019ll need to be living in England on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to live in:\n\n- England for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re an EU national\n\n- the UK for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re not an EU national\n\nThis usually does not apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- serving in the armed forces\n\n- a spouse or civil partner of a serving member of the armed forces\n\n- a dependent parent living with a serving member of the armed forces\n\n## Your age\n\nYou must be under 60 on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\nThe academic year is a period of 12 months starting on:\n\n- 1 September, if your course starts between 1 August and 31 December\n\n- 1 January, if your course starts between 1 January and 31 March\n\n- 1 April, if your course starts between 1 April and 30 June\n\n- 1 July, if your course starts between 1 July and 31 July\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nYou can apply for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re a UK or Irish national or have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or indefinite leave to remain so there are no restrictions on how long you can stay\n\n- you normally live in England\n\n- you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday\n\nYou may also be eligible if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who either:\n\n- returned to the UK on or after 1 January 2018 and by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- was living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein on 31 December 2020 and has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years\n\n## If you\u2019re an EU national or a family member of an EU national\n\nYou may be eligible if you\u2019re an EU national, or a family member of an EU national, and all the following apply:\n\n- you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme (no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- you\u2019ve normally lived in the UK, Gibraltar, EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years (this is also known as being \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ll be studying at a university in England\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re:\n\n- the child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- a migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, or a family member of one with settled or pre-settled status\n\n- a resident of Gibraltar who is a UK or EU national, or their family member\n\n## Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nYou need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.\n\n## If you have a different residency status\n\nYou may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:\n\n- refugee (including family members)\n\n- humanitarian protection (including family members)\n\n- child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- a stateless person (including family members)\n\n- an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment\n\n- a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain\n\n- a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ve been given settled status but not under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- you\u2019ve been given indefinite leave to remain because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner\n\n- you\u2019re the family member of a person of Northern Ireland and you have pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-UK national and have lived in the UK for a certain number of years\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:\n\n- under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years\n\n- 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\nYou must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply now for courses that start or started in the following academic years:\n\n- 2020 to 2021\n\n- 2019 to 2020\n\n- 2018 to 2019\n\nYou can apply in summer 2021 for courses that start in the academic year 2021 to 2022. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.\n\nCheck whether you\u2019re eligible before you apply.\n\nYou only need to apply once for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan. Student Finance England will write to you in the summer to tell you how much you\u2019ll get in the next academic year.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## Apply online\n\nIf you\u2019ve taken out a loan with Student Finance England before, use your account to apply.\n\nIf you do not already have one, set up an account.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIf you cannot apply online, apply by post \u2013 the address is on the form.\n\n## If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## If your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n## If your course started in the 2018\u00a0to 2019\u00a0academic year\n\nRead the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.\n\n## When to apply by\n\nThe deadline for applying depends on when you start your course.\n\nYou need to apply within 9 months of the first day of the last academic year of the course.\n\n## The academic year\n\nThe academic year is a period of 12 months.\n\n| Course start date between | First day of academic year |\n\n| 1 August and 31 December | 1 September |\n\n| 1 January and 31 March | 1 January |\n\n| 1 April and 30 June | 1 April |\n\n| 1 July and 31 July | 1 July |\n\n## Proof of identity\n\nInclude valid UK passport details in your application.\n\nUse the \u2018UK passport details\u2019 form if you need to send the details after your application. Do not send the passport itself.\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU national, send your passport or national identity card.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nYou should use the evidence return form for extra information to support your application, for example evidence of your residency status.\n\nYou may also be asked to complete the UK employment status form.\n\n## Change an application\n\nUse your online account to change your personal details, for example bank or contact details. Contact Student Finance England directly if you do not have an account.\n\n## Change the amount you\u2019ve asked for\n\nUse the loan request form to change the amount you\u2019ve applied for - you cannot do this online.\n\nIf your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:\n\nIf your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:\n\n## Other changes\n\nUse the change of circumstances form if you need to change any other details, for example your university or course. You cannot do this online.\n\nIf your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:\n\nIf your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:\n\n## Taking a break or withdrawing from your course\n\nTell Student Finance England and your institution straight away if you need to withdraw from your course. It may affect your future payments and eligibility for funding.\n\n## Extra help\n\nYou may qualify for other funding, for example grants from charities or trusts.\n\nStudent Finance England also has more information about other kinds of student finance.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## Disabled students\n\nIf you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (for example dyslexia) you can apply for:\n\n- Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\nYou may also qualify for disability related benefits.\n\n## Further information\n\nYou can learn more about the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan at the Student \nRoom website.\n\nContact Student Finance England if you have further questions.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/doctoral-loan", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I got accepted into my chosen University studying to become a Pediatrician. I applied for a Doctoral Loan 4 months ago and recently got the notice that I have been accepted for that as well. In the whole process of the loan application I realized I missed some details.", + "original_question": "Do I have to start repaying my loan as soon as I graduate?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1782", + "question": "Scenario: I received a letter around a week ago informing me that I have been approved for my Doctoral loan. I was relieved to know that I will be more financially secure since I will be moving quite far from home to complete my postgraduate course. There are still details I am a bit uncertain about.\n\nQuestion: Will the loan be payed directly to me?\n\nDocument - Doctoral Loan:\n## Overview\n\nA Postgraduate Doctoral Loan can help with course fees and living costs while you study a postgraduate doctoral course, such as a PhD.\n\nThere\u2019s different funding if you normally live in Wales. Moving somewhere to study does not count as normally living there.\n\nYou can also get extra support if you have a disability.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## When you can apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to apply for funding for the 2021 to 2022 academic year from summer 2021. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.\n\n## When you repay your loan\n\nYou\u2019ll have to start repaying your loan when your income is over a certain amount (the \u2018threshold\u2019 amount).\n\nYou\u2019ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a327,265 if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021\n\n- \u00a326,445 if your course starts between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021\n\n- \u00a325,700 if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll get is not based on you or your family\u2019s income.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) may take account of the loan when working out any benefits you receive.\n\nThe loan is paid directly to you. You can use it for your course fees and living costs.\n\nThe loan will be divided equally across each year of your course.\n\n## If you apply after your first year\n\nYou can apply for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan in any year of your course. But if you apply after your first year, you might not get the maximum amount.\n\nYou can get up to:\n\n- \u00a311,570 each year if your course starts on or after 1 August 2021\n\n- \u00a311,222 each year if your course started between 1 August 2020 and 31 July 2021\n\n- \u00a310,906 each year if your course started between 1 August 2019 and 31 July 2020\n\n## When you\u2019re paid\n\nYou get the first payment after your course start date, once your university or college confirms that you\u2019ve registered.\n\nThe loan will be paid in 3 instalments of 33%, 33% and 34% each year. After your application has been approved you\u2019ll be sent a letter with your payment dates or you can check them in your online account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nWhether you qualify depends on:\n\n- your course\n\n- your age\n\n- your nationality or residency status\n\nYou will not be able to get a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if:\n\n- you\u2019ve received or will receive Research Council funding (for example, studentships, stipends, scholarships and tuition fee support)\n\n- you\u2019re already getting a social work bursary\n\n- you\u2019re already getting an Educational Psychology bursary and your course starts on or after 1 August 2020\n\n- you\u2019re eligible to apply for an NHS bursary (even if you\u2019re not receiving it)\n\n- you\u2019re already getting payments from Student Finance England for another course that you\u2019re studying\n\n- you\u2019ve received a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan before - unless you left your course due to illness, bereavement or another serious personal reason\n\n- you already have a doctoral degree, or a qualification that\u2019s equivalent or higher\n\n- you\u2019re receiving a doctorate by publication\n\n- you\u2019re behind in repayments for any previous loans from the Student Loans Company\n\n## Your course\n\nIt must:\n\n- be a full, standalone doctoral course (not a top-up course)\n\n- have started on or after 1 August 2018\n\n- last between 3 to 8 academic years\n\n- be provided by a university in the UK with research degree awarding powers\n\nIf more than one university delivers your course and one is overseas, you\u2019ll still be eligible for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan so long as:\n\n- the UK university is the lead institution\n\n- you spend at least 50% of your study time over the whole course in the UK\n\nIt can be:\n\n- full-time or part-time\n\n- taught or research-based, or a combination of both\n\nExamples of postgraduate doctoral qualifications include:\n\n- PhD / DPhil (Doctor of Philosophy)\n\n- EdD (Doctor of Education)\n\n- EngD (Doctor of Engineering)\n\n## Integrated doctorals\n\nYou can apply for a loan if your doctoral programme includes an integrated master\u2019s degree (even if you already have a master\u2019s degree).\n\nYou must register for a full doctoral degree.\n\nYou will not be able to apply for a separate Postgraduate Master\u2019s Loan.\n\n## Distance learning\n\nTo qualify for a Postgraduate Doctoral Loan for distance learning, you\u2019ll need to be living in England on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to live in:\n\n- England for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re an EU national\n\n- the UK for the whole of your course, if you\u2019re not an EU national\n\nThis usually does not apply if you\u2019re:\n\n- serving in the armed forces\n\n- a spouse or civil partner of a serving member of the armed forces\n\n- a dependent parent living with a serving member of the armed forces\n\n## Your age\n\nYou must be under 60 on the first day of the first academic year of your course.\n\nThe academic year is a period of 12 months starting on:\n\n- 1 September, if your course starts between 1 August and 31 December\n\n- 1 January, if your course starts between 1 January and 31 March\n\n- 1 April, if your course starts between 1 April and 30 June\n\n- 1 July, if your course starts between 1 July and 31 July\n\n## Your nationality or residency status\n\nYou can apply for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re a UK or Irish national or have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme or indefinite leave to remain so there are no restrictions on how long you can stay\n\n- you normally live in England\n\n- you\u2019ve been living in the UK, the Channel Islands, the Isle of Man or Ireland for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course, apart from temporary absences such as going on holiday\n\nYou may also be eligible if you\u2019re a UK national (or family member of a UK national) who either:\n\n- returned to the UK on or after 1 January 2018 and by 31 December 2020 after living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- was living in the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein on 31 December 2020 and has been living in the UK, the EU, Gibraltar, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years\n\n## If you\u2019re an EU national or a family member of an EU national\n\nYou may be eligible if you\u2019re an EU national, or a family member of an EU national, and all the following apply:\n\n- you have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme (no restrictions on how long you can stay)\n\n- you\u2019ve normally lived in the UK, Gibraltar, EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein for the past 3 years (this is also known as being \u2018ordinarily resident\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ll be studying at a university in England\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re:\n\n- the child of a Swiss national and you and your parent have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- a migrant worker from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein, or a family member of one with settled or pre-settled status\n\n- a resident of Gibraltar who is a UK or EU national, or their family member\n\n## Student finance for EU, Swiss, Norwegian, Icelandic or Liechtenstein nationals from August 2021\n\nIf you\u2019re starting a course on or after 1 August 2021, you must have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme to get student finance.\n\nYou need to have started living in the UK before 31 December 2020 to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme. If you\u2019re coming to the UK from 1 January 2021, you may need to apply for a visa to study in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme. They can apply to the EU Settlement Scheme if they wish to - for example, to apply on behalf of a child.\n\n## If you have a different residency status\n\nYou may also be eligible if your residency status is one of the following:\n\n- refugee (including family members)\n\n- humanitarian protection (including family members)\n\n- child of a Turkish worker who has permission to stay in the UK - you and your Turkish worker parent must have been living in the UK by 31 December 2020\n\n- a stateless person (including family members)\n\n- an unaccompanied child granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019 under the Dubs Amendment\n\n- a child who is under the protection of someone granted \u2018Section 67 leave\u2019, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as the person responsible for them (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain\n\n- a child of someone granted \u2018Calais leave\u2019 to remain, who is also allowed to stay in the UK for the same period of time as their parent (known as \u2018leave in line\u2019)\n\n- you\u2019ve been given settled status but not under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- you\u2019ve been given indefinite leave to remain because you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic violence\n\n- you\u2019ve been granted indefinite leave to remain as a bereaved partner\n\n- you\u2019re the family member of a person of Northern Ireland and you have pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n## If you\u2019re a non-UK national and have lived in the UK for a certain number of years\n\nYou could also be eligible if you\u2019re not a UK national and are either:\n\n- under 18 and have lived in the UK for at least 7 years\n\n- 18 or over and have lived in the UK for at least 20 years (or at least half of your life)\n\nYou must have been living in the UK, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man for 3 continuous years before the first day of your course.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply now for courses that start or started in the following academic years:\n\n- 2020 to 2021\n\n- 2019 to 2020\n\n- 2018 to 2019\n\nYou can apply in summer 2021 for courses that start in the academic year 2021 to 2022. Applications are not yet open - this guide will be updated as soon as they are.\n\nCheck whether you\u2019re eligible before you apply.\n\nYou only need to apply once for the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan. Student Finance England will write to you in the summer to tell you how much you\u2019ll get in the next academic year.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## Apply online\n\nIf you\u2019ve taken out a loan with Student Finance England before, use your account to apply.\n\nIf you do not already have one, set up an account.\n\n## Apply by post\n\nIf you cannot apply online, apply by post \u2013 the address is on the form.\n\n## If your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\n## If your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year\n\n## If your course started in the 2018\u00a0to 2019\u00a0academic year\n\nRead the student finance privacy notice to find out how the information you provide will be used.\n\n## When to apply by\n\nThe deadline for applying depends on when you start your course.\n\nYou need to apply within 9 months of the first day of the last academic year of the course.\n\n## The academic year\n\nThe academic year is a period of 12 months.\n\n| Course start date between | First day of academic year |\n\n| 1 August and 31 December | 1 September |\n\n| 1 January and 31 March | 1 January |\n\n| 1 April and 30 June | 1 April |\n\n| 1 July and 31 July | 1 July |\n\n## Proof of identity\n\nInclude valid UK passport details in your application.\n\nUse the \u2018UK passport details\u2019 form if you need to send the details after your application. Do not send the passport itself.\n\nIf you do not have a UK passport (or it has expired), send your original birth or adoption certificate to Student Finance England.\n\nInclude your name and address. You should also include your customer reference number if you have one. This is an 11-digit number. You can find it on letters or emails you\u2019ve had from Student Finance England.\n\nIf you\u2019re an EU national, send your passport or national identity card.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nYou should use the evidence return form for extra information to support your application, for example evidence of your residency status.\n\nYou may also be asked to complete the UK employment status form.\n\n## Change an application\n\nUse your online account to change your personal details, for example bank or contact details. Contact Student Finance England directly if you do not have an account.\n\n## Change the amount you\u2019ve asked for\n\nUse the loan request form to change the amount you\u2019ve applied for - you cannot do this online.\n\nIf your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:\n\nIf your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:\n\n## Other changes\n\nUse the change of circumstances form if you need to change any other details, for example your university or course. You cannot do this online.\n\nIf your course starts in the 2020 to 2021 academic year:\n\nIf your course starts in the 2019 to 2020 academic year:\n\n## Taking a break or withdrawing from your course\n\nTell Student Finance England and your institution straight away if you need to withdraw from your course. It may affect your future payments and eligibility for funding.\n\n## Extra help\n\nYou may qualify for other funding, for example grants from charities or trusts.\n\nStudent Finance England also has more information about other kinds of student finance.\n\nYou will not be eligible for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents\u2019 Learning Allowance from Student Finance if you\u2019re studying a doctoral course.\n\n## Disabled students\n\nIf you have a disability, long-term health condition, mental health condition or specific learning difficulty (for example dyslexia) you can apply for:\n\n- Disabled Students\u2019 Allowance\n\n- extra help if you\u2019re experiencing financial hardship\n\nYou may also qualify for disability related benefits.\n\n## Further information\n\nYou can learn more about the Postgraduate Doctoral Loan at the Student \nRoom website.\n\nContact Student Finance England if you have further questions.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/doctoral-loan", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I received a letter around a week ago informing me that I have been approved for my Doctoral loan. I was relieved to know that I will be more financially secure since I will be moving quite far from home to complete my postgraduate course. There are still details I am a bit uncertain about.", + "original_question": "Will the loan be payed directly to me?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1783", + "question": "Scenario: I have a certificate from the SCTW stating that I am fully qualified to operate a water vessel. I have spoken to a few of my boatmaster friends and the opinion is that this document should be enough for me to become a boastmaster. Without the need for a separate boatmastes' license.\n\nQuestion: Can I use my STCW certificate of competancy as an alternative to the boatmastes' license?\n\nDocument - Boatmasters' licence:\n## Check if you need a licence\n\nYou must have a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re the master of certain vessels on:\n\n- inland waters in categories A to D, such as canals, rivers, lakes and some estuaries\n\n- \u2018limited\u2019 coastal area operations - no more than 5 miles from the land and 15 miles from where your vessel sets off or arrives\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined for not having the right boatmasters\u2019 licence.\n\nFind out what types and class of vessels can operate on UK inland waters.\n\n## When you do not need a licence\n\nYou do not need a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re in charge of:\n\n- a pleasure vessel, including hire boats used as pleasure vessels\n\n- fishing vessels\n\n## Using alternative certificates\n\nSome certificates can be used instead of a boatmasters\u2019 licence, including STCW certificates of competency and certificates awarded by the Royal Yachting Association.\n\nIf you have an alternative certificate, you must:\n\n- check if you need a paper endorsement or a boat handling test - read sections 3 and 4 of the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice\n\n- download and fill in the application form and send it to your nearest marine office\n\n- pay the right fees\n\n## Before you apply\n\nRead the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice to find out:\n\n- which vessels you need a boatmasters\u2019 licence for\n\n- what kinds of boatmasters\u2019 licence you can apply for\n\n- what you need to apply for a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- what you need to revalidate a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- alternative qualifications you can have instead of a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- information on local knowledge requirements\n\nYou should also:\n\n- keep records of relevant work and training for your licence application\n\n- check for local regulations, such as byelaws that you may need to know\n\n- check that you have safety training from an approved training provider\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- read the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice\n\n- download the application form for a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- pay the right fees\n\n## Replacing your licence\n\nDownload the application form for a replacement boatmasters\u2019 licence.\n\nReplacing your licence costs \u00a323.\n\n## Renewing your licence\n\nYour boatmasters\u2019 licence usually lasts 5 years.\n\nRenewing your licence costs \u00a331.\n\nDownload the boatmasters\u2019 licence renewal application form. Send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Upgrading your licence\n\nDownload the form to upgrade your licence, or add another area to your licence.\n\nThe fee for upgrading your licence can vary.\n\n## Exemptions under the 2006 Boatmasters' Regulations\n\nYou need to apply for a \u2018Tier 2 Level 2\u2019 licence before your exemption expires if you want to keep working. This will cover all the areas described on your exemption certificate.\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined for not having the right boatmasters\u2019 licence when your exemption expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIf you have an exemption certificate and want to continue working, you must:\n\n- check if you can apply for a Tier 2 boatmasters\u2019 licence by reading section 22 of the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice\n\n- download and fill in the application form and send it to your nearest marine office\n\n- pay the right fees", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/boatmasters-licence", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a certificate from the SCTW stating that I am fully qualified to operate a water vessel. I have spoken to a few of my boatmaster friends and the opinion is that this document should be enough for me to become a boastmaster. Without the need for a separate boatmastes' license.", + "original_question": "Can I use my STCW certificate of competancy as an alternative to the boatmastes' license?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1784", + "question": "Scenario: I will need to revalidate my boatmasters' license since I moved from the west to the east coast. I have gathered all of the necessary documentation and will be applying for the process next week.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to worry about local regulations being different than what I am used to?\n\nDocument - Boatmasters' licence:\n## Check if you need a licence\n\nYou must have a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re the master of certain vessels on:\n\n- inland waters in categories A to D, such as canals, rivers, lakes and some estuaries\n\n- \u2018limited\u2019 coastal area operations - no more than 5 miles from the land and 15 miles from where your vessel sets off or arrives\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined for not having the right boatmasters\u2019 licence.\n\nFind out what types and class of vessels can operate on UK inland waters.\n\n## When you do not need a licence\n\nYou do not need a boatmasters\u2019 licence if you\u2019re in charge of:\n\n- a pleasure vessel, including hire boats used as pleasure vessels\n\n- fishing vessels\n\n## Using alternative certificates\n\nSome certificates can be used instead of a boatmasters\u2019 licence, including STCW certificates of competency and certificates awarded by the Royal Yachting Association.\n\nIf you have an alternative certificate, you must:\n\n- check if you need a paper endorsement or a boat handling test - read sections 3 and 4 of the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice\n\n- download and fill in the application form and send it to your nearest marine office\n\n- pay the right fees\n\n## Before you apply\n\nRead the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice to find out:\n\n- which vessels you need a boatmasters\u2019 licence for\n\n- what kinds of boatmasters\u2019 licence you can apply for\n\n- what you need to apply for a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- what you need to revalidate a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- alternative qualifications you can have instead of a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- information on local knowledge requirements\n\nYou should also:\n\n- keep records of relevant work and training for your licence application\n\n- check for local regulations, such as byelaws that you may need to know\n\n- check that you have safety training from an approved training provider\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- read the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice\n\n- download the application form for a boatmasters\u2019 licence\n\n- pay the right fees\n\n## Replacing your licence\n\nDownload the application form for a replacement boatmasters\u2019 licence.\n\nReplacing your licence costs \u00a323.\n\n## Renewing your licence\n\nYour boatmasters\u2019 licence usually lasts 5 years.\n\nRenewing your licence costs \u00a331.\n\nDownload the boatmasters\u2019 licence renewal application form. Send it to the address on the form.\n\n## Upgrading your licence\n\nDownload the form to upgrade your licence, or add another area to your licence.\n\nThe fee for upgrading your licence can vary.\n\n## Exemptions under the 2006 Boatmasters' Regulations\n\nYou need to apply for a \u2018Tier 2 Level 2\u2019 licence before your exemption expires if you want to keep working. This will cover all the areas described on your exemption certificate.\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined for not having the right boatmasters\u2019 licence when your exemption expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIf you have an exemption certificate and want to continue working, you must:\n\n- check if you can apply for a Tier 2 boatmasters\u2019 licence by reading section 22 of the boatmasters\u2019 qualifications and hours of work notice\n\n- download and fill in the application form and send it to your nearest marine office\n\n- pay the right fees", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/boatmasters-licence", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I will need to revalidate my boatmasters' license since I moved from the west to the east coast. I have gathered all of the necessary documentation and will be applying for the process next week.", + "original_question": "Do I have to worry about local regulations being different than what I am used to?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1786", + "question": "Scenario: I have my assessed CBT test tomorrow but I am a bit worried about it now after my daughter raised concerns over my eyesight. I was aware that there will be an eye exam, and was fairly confident in my vision. Until last night when my daughter jokingly decided to make me look at an eye chart and I got almost everything wrong.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to continue with the assessment if I fail the eye exam?\n\nDocument - Become a DVSA assessed CBT motorcycle instructor:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) motorcycle instructor.\n\nCBT is a training course that most learner motorcycle and moped riders must take before riding on the road.\n\n## Rules for becoming a CBT instructor\n\nTo become a DVSA assessed CBT motorcycle instructor you must have a driving licence from either:\n\n- Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- the EU or EEA - but you must register it\n first\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be 21 or older\n\n- have had a full category A2 or A motorcycle licence for at least 3 years\n\nYou\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.\n\n## When you qualify\n\nWhen you pass you must work for a motorcycle approved training body (ATB) to be able to:\n\n- provide the CBT course to learner riders\n\n- train up to 10 instructors at the ATB to also deliver CBT courses (this is known as \u2018down-training\u2019)\n\n- apply to become a direct access scheme instructor\n\n## How to book your assessment\n\nFill in the application form to book an assessment and send it to the address on the form. There\u2019s no charge for the assessment.\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact you to arrange a date after checking your application.\n\n## If you cannot go to your assessment\n\nTell DVSA by email if you cannot attend your assessment.\n\nYou must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\nYour approved training body cannot tell DVSA without giving your signature.\n\nYour application will become invalid and will count as an unsuccessful attempt if you do not tell DVSA in enough time.\n\nYou\u2019re only allowed 2 unsuccessful attempts before you have to wait a year before applying to take another assessment.\n\n## Preparing for the assessment\n\nStudy the compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus before you take the assessment.\n\n## Other preparation\n\nYou should also study the following official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) publications:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Learning to Ride\n\n- Riding - the Essential Skills\n\n- Theory Test for Motorcyclists\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to bring to your assessment\n\nYou need to bring:\n\n- your valid driving licence\n\n- your CBT1 card if you have one\n\n- a fully taxed, insured and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW\n\nIf you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.\n\nYour assessment will be cancelled if you do not bring these.\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to bring a pen and any notes or training aids to help you.\n\n## What the assessment involves\n\nThe compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor assessment assesses your ability to:\n\n- train learner motorcyclists in the requirements of CBT\n\n- train and guide other instructors within an approved training body\n\nThere will usually be 2 other instructors taking the assessment at the same time as you.\n\nThe DVSA assessor will play the role of a novice rider throughout the assessment.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to deliver lessons based on the topics being assessed. One or both of the other instructors will act as your supervisor. You\u2019ll then swap the roles of the instructor and supervisor.\n\n## Eyesight test\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pass an eyesight test before the assessment starts. You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 26.5 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 27.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.\n\nThe rest of the assessment will not go ahead if you fail the eyesight test.\n\n## Session 1\n\nThis session focuses on element A of the CBT syllabus - introduction to CBT.\n\nThe DVSA assessor will give you an overview of the assessment.\n\nYou\u2019ll then deliver a lesson on the modules within element A of the CBT syllabus. You\u2019re allowed to use notes and training aids. The other candidates will watch your instruction and decide whether it\u2019s valid and achieves the objective.\n\n## Session 2\n\nThis session focuses on element B of the CBT syllabus - practical on-site training.\n\nYou\u2019ll be introduced to the motorcycle that will be used on-site. You should familiarise yourself with it so you can give a controls lesson or basic machine check lesson.\n\nThe \u2018novice rider\u2019 will act on the instruction you give. The other candidates will watch the instruction you give and decide whether it\u2019s a valid lesson and achieves the objective.\n\n## Sessions 3 and 4\n\nThese sessions focus on element C of the CBT syllabus - practical on-site riding.\n\nYou\u2019ll instruct the \u2018novice rider\u2019. The other candidates give a debrief at the end of each lesson.\n\nThe roles will be changed several times so you can prove your ability as an instructor and supervisor.\n\n## Session 5\n\nThis session focuses on element D of the CBT syllabus - practical on-road training.\n\nYou\u2019ll give a lesson made up of 3 modules from element D. The other candidates will supervise you, and then the roles will be swapped.\n\n## Sessions 6 and 7\n\nThese sessions focus on element E of the CBT syllabus - practical on-road riding.\n\nYou\u2019ll ride a motorcycle and follow the \u2018novice rider\u2019 on the road. You\u2019ll have to:\n\n- give instructions\n\n- correct any faults that they make\n\n- direct them over a route on public roads using radio equipment\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your own motorcycle for sessions 6 and 7.\n\n## Your assessment result\n\nYou\u2019ll be given your result and a debrief at the end of the assessment by the assessor. You\u2019ll be sent confirmation of your result by post.\n\n## Passing the assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent more information about how to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a DVSA assessed instructor.\n\nUntil you\u2019ve got your registration certificate you are not allowed to:\n\n- conduct compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\n\n- train any instructors on behalf of your approved training body (ATB)\n\n## Failing the assessment\n\nYou cannot apply to retake the assessment if you fail it twice within a 12-month period. You\u2019ll have to wait until 1 year after the date of the second assessment before applying again.\n\n## Failing if you\u2019re a down-trained instructor\n\nYou can continue to give CBT training if you\u2019re a down-trained instructor, but you\u2019ll have to have a standards check at your ATB in the near future.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have my assessed CBT test tomorrow but I am a bit worried about it now after my daughter raised concerns over my eyesight. I was aware that there will be an eye exam, and was fairly confident in my vision. Until last night when my daughter jokingly decided to make me look at an eye chart and I got almost everything wrong.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to continue with the assessment if I fail the eye exam?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1787", + "question": "Scenario: I have sent in an appeal for a decision made my the Traffic Penalty Tribunal regarding my parking violation. The officer that issues the ticked didn't take into the consideration my disability parking note and simply assumed I parked illegally.\n\nQuestion: If my appeal is successful do I have to pay anything?\n\nDocument - Appeal against a penalty charge notice:\n## Appealing to an independent tribunal\n\nYou may be able to appeal to an independent tribunal against a penalty charge notice (PCN) if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\nYou can only do this if you\u2019ve already tried making making a formal challenge (\u2018representation\u2019).\n\nThis includes any PCN issued in England or Wales for:\n\n- parking\n\n- breaking traffic rules, for example going against a \u2018no right turn\u2019 sign or driving in a bus lane when you shouldn\u2019t\n\n- not paying the Dartford Crossing, London congestion or low emissions zone charge on time\n\nThere are different ways to appeal in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## When to appeal\n\nYou then have 28 days to appeal after you get a \u2018notice of rejection\u2019 to say your formal challenge has failed.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nFind out how to appeal to:\n\n- London Tribunals if your PCN was issued in London\n\n- the Traffic Penalty Tribunal if your PCN was issued outside London, in England or Wales - this includes PCNs from Dart Charge\n\nIf your appeal is successful the PCN will be cancelled and you won\u2019t have to pay anything.\n\n## If your appeal fails\n\nYou\u2019ll have 28 days to pay the penalty charge notice (PCN) if your appeal is refused.\n\n## If you don\u2019t pay within 28 days\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018charge certificate\u2019 and you\u2019ll have to pay 50% more within 14 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a court order demanding payment if you don\u2019t pay a charge certificate within 14 days.\n\n## If you get a court order\n\nYou\u2019ll have 21 days to pay the penalty charge notice (PCN) or challenge a court order demanding payment (known as an \u2018order of recovery\u2019).\n\nBailiffs (\u2018enforcement agents\u2019) will be told to visit your home to collect what you owe if you don\u2019t pay or challenge within 21 days.\n\n## When you can challenge\n\nYou can challenge an order of recovery if you:\n\n- didn\u2019t get a \u2018notice to owner\u2019 telling you how to make a formal challenge\n\n- made a formal challenge on time but didn\u2019t get a \u2018notice of rejection\u2019\n\n- appealed to an independent tribunal on time but didn\u2019t get a response\n\n- have proof you\u2019ve paid the penalty charge, such as a credit card statement\n\n## How to challenge\n\nThe form you use to challenge an order of recovery depends on whether it relates to:\n\n- a parking PCN - use form TE9\n\n- a Dart Charge PCN - use form TE9 Dart Charge\n\n- a low emission zone PCN - use form PE3 vehicle emissions\n\n- any other PCN, for example for driving in a bus lane - use form PE3\n\nSend it to the Traffic Enforcement Centre (TEC) within 21 days.\n\nYou may be able to get more time to challenge an order of recovery.\n\n## If your challenge is successful\n\nThe order of recovery will be withdrawn and bailiffs won\u2019t be able to seize your property.\n\nThe council or authority that issued the PCN will then do one of the following:\n\n- cancel the PCN, for example because you paid it in full\n\n- issue a new notice to owner - you\u2019ll have 28 days to pay or challenge\n\n- refer your case to an independent tribunal\n\n## Getting more time to challenge a court order\n\nYou can ask for more time to challenge a court order (\u2018order of recovery\u2019) if you:\n\n- were contacted about a penalty charge notice (PCN) you didn\u2019t know about\n\n- were contacted about a paid or cancelled PCN\n\n- didn\u2019t get a response to your formal challenge (\u2018representation\u2019) or appeal\n\nDo this by making an \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge to the order of recovery.\n\n## Making an \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge\n\nUse an \u2018out of time\u2019 form to explain why you\u2019re making a late challenge. Send it with the form you need to challenge the order of recovery.\n\nThe \u2018out of time\u2019 form you use depends on whether it relates to:\n\n- a parking PCN\n\n- a Dart Charge PCN\n\n- any other PCN - for example for driving in a bus lane\n\n## What happens next\n\nBailiffs will be told to stop any action while your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is considered by the council or authority that issued the PCN.\n\n## If your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is accepted\n\nBailiffs will have to return any property they seized and the council or authority will decide what happens next if your challenge is successful.\n\n## If your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is refused\n\nThe Traffic Enforcement Centre (TEC) will review your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge if it\u2019s refused by the council or authority. You\u2019ll get a letter to tell you if your challenge is successful or not.\n\nIf it\u2019s not, you can ask a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision.\n\nThe council or authority that issued the PCN can also ask a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision.\n\n## Getting a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision\n\nSend application notice N244 to the TEC with your fee within 14 days of the date the decision was made.\n\nRead the N244 guidelines for help filling in the application.\n\n## Fee\n\nHow much you pay depends on whether you want to attend a hearing to present your case.\n\n| How you want your case to be decided | Fee |\n\n| With hearing at your local county court | \u00a3255 |\n\n| Without hearing by a district judge | \u00a3100 |\n\nIf you\u2019re on a low income, or you\u2019re on certain benefits and don\u2019t have much in savings, you might be able to get money off the fee.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-against-a-penalty-charge-notice", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have sent in an appeal for a decision made my the Traffic Penalty Tribunal regarding my parking violation. The officer that issues the ticked didn't take into the consideration my disability parking note and simply assumed I parked illegally.", + "original_question": "If my appeal is successful do I have to pay anything?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1788", + "question": "Scenario: My house sitter notified me today that my appeal regarding a penalty charge notice for running a red light has been unsuccessful. I am on vacation out of the country for the entire month and wont be able to pay it until after I get back.\n\nQuestion: Will I have to pay more when I come back from vacation?\n\nDocument - Appeal against a penalty charge notice:\n## Appealing to an independent tribunal\n\nYou may be able to appeal to an independent tribunal against a penalty charge notice (PCN) if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\nYou can only do this if you\u2019ve already tried making making a formal challenge (\u2018representation\u2019).\n\nThis includes any PCN issued in England or Wales for:\n\n- parking\n\n- breaking traffic rules, for example going against a \u2018no right turn\u2019 sign or driving in a bus lane when you shouldn\u2019t\n\n- not paying the Dartford Crossing, London congestion or low emissions zone charge on time\n\nThere are different ways to appeal in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## When to appeal\n\nYou then have 28 days to appeal after you get a \u2018notice of rejection\u2019 to say your formal challenge has failed.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nFind out how to appeal to:\n\n- London Tribunals if your PCN was issued in London\n\n- the Traffic Penalty Tribunal if your PCN was issued outside London, in England or Wales - this includes PCNs from Dart Charge\n\nIf your appeal is successful the PCN will be cancelled and you won\u2019t have to pay anything.\n\n## If your appeal fails\n\nYou\u2019ll have 28 days to pay the penalty charge notice (PCN) if your appeal is refused.\n\n## If you don\u2019t pay within 28 days\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018charge certificate\u2019 and you\u2019ll have to pay 50% more within 14 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a court order demanding payment if you don\u2019t pay a charge certificate within 14 days.\n\n## If you get a court order\n\nYou\u2019ll have 21 days to pay the penalty charge notice (PCN) or challenge a court order demanding payment (known as an \u2018order of recovery\u2019).\n\nBailiffs (\u2018enforcement agents\u2019) will be told to visit your home to collect what you owe if you don\u2019t pay or challenge within 21 days.\n\n## When you can challenge\n\nYou can challenge an order of recovery if you:\n\n- didn\u2019t get a \u2018notice to owner\u2019 telling you how to make a formal challenge\n\n- made a formal challenge on time but didn\u2019t get a \u2018notice of rejection\u2019\n\n- appealed to an independent tribunal on time but didn\u2019t get a response\n\n- have proof you\u2019ve paid the penalty charge, such as a credit card statement\n\n## How to challenge\n\nThe form you use to challenge an order of recovery depends on whether it relates to:\n\n- a parking PCN - use form TE9\n\n- a Dart Charge PCN - use form TE9 Dart Charge\n\n- a low emission zone PCN - use form PE3 vehicle emissions\n\n- any other PCN, for example for driving in a bus lane - use form PE3\n\nSend it to the Traffic Enforcement Centre (TEC) within 21 days.\n\nYou may be able to get more time to challenge an order of recovery.\n\n## If your challenge is successful\n\nThe order of recovery will be withdrawn and bailiffs won\u2019t be able to seize your property.\n\nThe council or authority that issued the PCN will then do one of the following:\n\n- cancel the PCN, for example because you paid it in full\n\n- issue a new notice to owner - you\u2019ll have 28 days to pay or challenge\n\n- refer your case to an independent tribunal\n\n## Getting more time to challenge a court order\n\nYou can ask for more time to challenge a court order (\u2018order of recovery\u2019) if you:\n\n- were contacted about a penalty charge notice (PCN) you didn\u2019t know about\n\n- were contacted about a paid or cancelled PCN\n\n- didn\u2019t get a response to your formal challenge (\u2018representation\u2019) or appeal\n\nDo this by making an \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge to the order of recovery.\n\n## Making an \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge\n\nUse an \u2018out of time\u2019 form to explain why you\u2019re making a late challenge. Send it with the form you need to challenge the order of recovery.\n\nThe \u2018out of time\u2019 form you use depends on whether it relates to:\n\n- a parking PCN\n\n- a Dart Charge PCN\n\n- any other PCN - for example for driving in a bus lane\n\n## What happens next\n\nBailiffs will be told to stop any action while your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is considered by the council or authority that issued the PCN.\n\n## If your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is accepted\n\nBailiffs will have to return any property they seized and the council or authority will decide what happens next if your challenge is successful.\n\n## If your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge is refused\n\nThe Traffic Enforcement Centre (TEC) will review your \u2018out of time\u2019 challenge if it\u2019s refused by the council or authority. You\u2019ll get a letter to tell you if your challenge is successful or not.\n\nIf it\u2019s not, you can ask a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision.\n\nThe council or authority that issued the PCN can also ask a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision.\n\n## Getting a judge to review the TEC\u2019s decision\n\nSend application notice N244 to the TEC with your fee within 14 days of the date the decision was made.\n\nRead the N244 guidelines for help filling in the application.\n\n## Fee\n\nHow much you pay depends on whether you want to attend a hearing to present your case.\n\n| How you want your case to be decided | Fee |\n\n| With hearing at your local county court | \u00a3255 |\n\n| Without hearing by a district judge | \u00a3100 |\n\nIf you\u2019re on a low income, or you\u2019re on certain benefits and don\u2019t have much in savings, you might be able to get money off the fee.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-against-a-penalty-charge-notice", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My house sitter notified me today that my appeal regarding a penalty charge notice for running a red light has been unsuccessful. I am on vacation out of the country for the entire month and wont be able to pay it until after I get back.", + "original_question": "Will I have to pay more when I come back from vacation?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1790", + "question": "Scenario: I was finally able to acquire all of the equipment I will need to operate my MOT test station. The last tool I needed arrived today and it appears to be an older model than what I ordered. The company said they will send me the correct one and that I can keep the current one. I had ordered a category A decelerometer but received a class B instead.\n\nQuestion: Can I still conduct tests on all classes of vehicles with the older model?\n\nDocument - Set up an MOT test station:\n## What you need to set up and start testing\n\nYou must meet a number of legal requirements if you want to set up an MOT test station.\n\n## Set up the test station\n\nYou need:\n\n- suitable premises and approved equipment for the vehicle classes you want to test\n\n- an authorised examiner (AE)\n\nThe AE is an individual, partnership or company authorised by the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). The AE is responsible for making sure that:\n\n- MOT tests are properly conducted\n\n- the test facilities and equipment are checked and well-maintained\n\n- MOT documents are correctly stored and access to electronic MOT test systems is only given to eligible users\n\n- the MOT testers are assessed correctly and complete training and assessments\n\n- DVSA staff have access to the premises for checks on staff and equipment\n\n- DVSA is informed about significant changes to the business within 7 working days\n\n## Start MOT testing\n\nBefore you can carry out MOT testing you also need:\n\n- an MOT business manager (sometimes called an \u2018AE designated manager\u2019) who is in charge of all MOT testing by your business\n\n- an MOT tester approved for the vehicle classes you want to test\n\nThe MOT business manager must have taken an approved course, for example the former 2-day DVSA course or a level 3 award in MOT Test Centre Management.\n\nFind an MOT manager qualification course and book it with the course provider.\n\nYou have to pay to take the course. The price is set by the course provider.\n\n## Apply for authorised examiner status\n\nYou need an authorised examiner (AE) to set up an MOT test station. The AE can be an individual, partnership or company.\n\nAE status does not transfer with a business. If you\u2019re buying an existing MOT station, you need to apply for AE status in your own right.\n\n## How to apply\n\nSend form VT01 to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA). The address is on the form.\n\nUse the same form if you already have AE status and want to open a test station.\n\nThe application form has guidance notes explaining the information you need to include. There is no fee.\n\nIf your application is refused, DVSA will write to you - you can appeal the decision and ask for a hearing by writing to DVSA within 14 days.\n\n## When you must reapply\n\nYou must reapply for AE status if your company is reconstructed in a way that means it\u2019s given a new company registration number.\n\n## Equipment and premises\n\nYou need to make sure that your equipment and premises are suitable for the vehicle classes you plan to test.\n\n## Equipment\n\nYou need to have a:\n\n- computer, laptop or tablet with internet connection\n\n- printer\n\nThese need to met the minimum IT specification.\n\n## Approved testing equipment\n\nDifferent classes of vehicle need different specialist test equipment.\n\nYou must make sure you have at least the minimum level for each vehicle class you\u2019re approved to test.\n\nAll equipment must be kept in good working order and calibrated properly.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use approved equipment for:\n\n- brake pedal application devices\n\n- decelerometers\n\n- diesel smoke meters\n\n- exhaust gas analysers (catalyst vehicles)\n\n- exhaust gas analysers (non-catalyst vehicles)\n\n- headlamp aim testers\n\n- plate brake testers\n\n- roller brake testers\n\n- tow bar socket testers\n\n- tyre tread depth gauges\n\n- wheel play detectors\n\nThere are 3 categories of decelerometers:\n\n- category A are approved for all classes of vehicle\n\n- category B are approved for class 3, 4, 5 and 7 vehicles\n\n- category C are approved for class 1 and 2 vehicles\n\nYou can download the lists of approved equipment.\n\n## Premises\n\nYou need to make sure your premises are suitable and testing bay sizes are correct for the vehicle classes you\u2019ll be testing. You can find the minimum standards in the MOT testing guide.\n\n## Approval in principle\n\nYour premises will be given an approval in principle when you apply for authorised examiner (AE) status. This will help you avoid committing to expensive work or alterations before your premises are approved.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already got AE status and want to make changes to the test facilities, write to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) before you make any changes. Include supporting drawings, to show that the changes will not affect the testing station\u2019s approval.\n\n## Meeting ongoing standards\n\nYou must clearly and publicly display the MOT test fees and appeals poster (VT9A) in your station.\n\nYou should conduct regular checks to make sure your MOT testing station meets the best practice standards at all times.\n\n## Prepare for site reviews\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will carry out regular risk-based site reviews of your station to make sure you continue to meet the standards.\n\nThis will involve checking your station is well maintained and that it offers clean and comfortable facilities, for example suitable customer waiting areas.\n\n## Learn about changes to MOT rules\n\nDVSA uses \u2018special notices\u2019 to tell you about changes to the MOT scheme. Authorised examiners (AEs) receive these automatically within the online MOT testing service.\n\n## If your service is not good enough\n\nDVSA can take disciplinary action or stop you operating as a testing station if your service is not good enough.\n\nIf you lose AE status for disciplinary reasons, anyone else applying for AE status at the same test station must prove they\u2019re sufficiently independent from you.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-an-mot-station", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was finally able to acquire all of the equipment I will need to operate my MOT test station. The last tool I needed arrived today and it appears to be an older model than what I ordered. The company said they will send me the correct one and that I can keep the current one. I had ordered a category A decelerometer but received a class B instead.", + "original_question": "Can I still conduct tests on all classes of vehicles with the older model?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1791", + "question": "Scenario: I applied for learner support with University College London and got approved around a week ago. With how unstable my financial situation is I am really hoping there is a way for me to receive money which I will not have to pay back.\n\nQuestion: Could I be payed money directly which I will not be expected to pay back?\n\nDocument - Learner Support:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re aged 19 or over, on a further education course and facing financial hardship, you could get Learner Support.\n\nYou apply to your learning provider (for example your college) for Learner Support. How much you get depends on your circumstances.\n\nThe money can help pay for things like:\n\n- accommodation and travel\n\n- course materials and equipment\n\n- childcare - if you qualify\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYour learning provider (for example, a college) decides how much you get. It depends on their scheme and your circumstances.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nThe money could be:\n\n- a direct payment to you - which you don\u2019t have to pay back\n\n- a loan - which you have to pay back\n\n- paid to someone else, for example a landlord\n\nYour learning provider decides how the money is paid to you. It depends on their scheme and what the money is for.\n\nCheck with the student support staff at your college or the National Careers Service about other funding you could get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get Learner Support you must be:\n\n- 19 or over\n\n- studying at a learning provider funded by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (check with your college)\n\nYou must be 20 or over to get help with childcare costs. If you\u2019re 19, apply for Care to Learn instead.\n\nYou can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:\n\n- Professional and Career Development Loans\n\n- Care to Learn\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n## Who can\u2019t apply\n\nYou can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:\n\n- getting student finance for higher education\n\n- on a Community Learning course\n\n## How to claim\n\nApply directly to your learning provider (for example, a college) - they each have their own application process.\n\nSpeak to your student support services to:\n\n- get help applying\n\n- find out what\u2019s available\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nIf you\u2019re not happy with the decision about your Learner Support, contact your learning provider to appeal it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I applied for learner support with University College London and got approved around a week ago. With how unstable my financial situation is I am really hoping there is a way for me to receive money which I will not have to pay back.", + "original_question": "Could I be payed money directly which I will not be expected to pay back?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1792", + "question": "Scenario: My financial situation at home as been getting worse over the course of the summer break and after my parents' divorce. Thankfully I got approved for a student loan with Student Finance England which gave me hope that I might be able to complete my higher education. I recently found out about Learner Support and since I really need all the help I could get I would love to apply.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible to receive Learner Support?\n\nDocument - Learner Support:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re aged 19 or over, on a further education course and facing financial hardship, you could get Learner Support.\n\nYou apply to your learning provider (for example your college) for Learner Support. How much you get depends on your circumstances.\n\nThe money can help pay for things like:\n\n- accommodation and travel\n\n- course materials and equipment\n\n- childcare - if you qualify\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYour learning provider (for example, a college) decides how much you get. It depends on their scheme and your circumstances.\n\n## How the money is paid\n\nThe money could be:\n\n- a direct payment to you - which you don\u2019t have to pay back\n\n- a loan - which you have to pay back\n\n- paid to someone else, for example a landlord\n\nYour learning provider decides how the money is paid to you. It depends on their scheme and what the money is for.\n\nCheck with the student support staff at your college or the National Careers Service about other funding you could get.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo get Learner Support you must be:\n\n- 19 or over\n\n- studying at a learning provider funded by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (check with your college)\n\nYou must be 20 or over to get help with childcare costs. If you\u2019re 19, apply for Care to Learn instead.\n\nYou can apply even if you get other types of funding, for example:\n\n- Professional and Career Development Loans\n\n- Care to Learn\n\n- Disability Living Allowance\n\n## Who can\u2019t apply\n\nYou can\u2019t claim if you\u2019re:\n\n- getting student finance for higher education\n\n- on a Community Learning course\n\n## How to claim\n\nApply directly to your learning provider (for example, a college) - they each have their own application process.\n\nSpeak to your student support services to:\n\n- get help applying\n\n- find out what\u2019s available\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nIf you\u2019re not happy with the decision about your Learner Support, contact your learning provider to appeal it.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/learner-support", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My financial situation at home as been getting worse over the course of the summer break and after my parents' divorce. Thankfully I got approved for a student loan with Student Finance England which gave me hope that I might be able to complete my higher education. I recently found out about Learner Support and since I really need all the help I could get I would love to apply.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible to receive Learner Support?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1793", + "question": "Scenario: I am interested in setting up an approved training body, to teach people how to operate motorcycle vehicles. I am concerned that my theft conviction from 6 years ago might interrupt the process.\n\nQuestion: Is the DVSA going to be alarmed by my conviction?\n\nDocument - Set up and run a motorcycle approved training body (ATB):\n## Overview\n\nYou must be an approved training body (ATB) with the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to provide:\n\n- compulsory basic training (CBT) for learner motorcyclists\n\n- direct access scheme (DAS) training to riders learning to ride a large motorcycle\n\nCBT and DAS training must be given by instructors certified by DVSA working for your approved training body.\n\nThe sites you use to provide training from must also be approved by DVSA.\n\nThe process is different Northern Ireland.\n\n## Rules for being an ATB\n\nYou must meet certain rules to be an approved training body (ATB).\n\n## \u2018Fit and proper\u2019\n\nYou must be a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person to run the ATB.\n\nWhen deciding if you\u2019re a \u2018fit and proper\u2019 person, DVSA will look at if you have:\n\n- had any convictions in the last 4 years\n\n- any motoring convictions\n\n- been disqualified from driving\n\n- any penalty points on your licence\n\n- any court proceedings pending against you\n\n## Training\n\nYou must provide compulsory basic training (CBT) as an ATB. Any CBT and direct access scheme (DAS) courses you provide must meet the legal requirements.\n\nThe CBT syllabus and guidance notes gives full details on what must be provided.\n\nAn instructor is only allowed to supervise up to 2 trainees during on-road tuition.\n\nYour instructors must be in radio contact with all trainees at all times during on-road tuition.\n\n## Training sites\n\nYou must have the use of a suitable site or sites for training in the off-road parts of the CBT course.\n\nThese sites must be authorised by DVSA before they\u2019re used.\n\n## Instructors\n\nYou must make sure that all your instructors have a valid instructor certificate for the type of training they give. This must show the name of your ATB.\n\nAt least 1 of your instructors must have successfully completed DVSA\u2019s assessment course for motorcycle training.\n\nDVSA-assessed instructors are allowed to train other people that you want to appoint as instructors - this is known as \u2018down-training\u2019.\n\nYou should have at least 1 DVSA-assessed instructor for every 10 instructors that have been down-trained.\n\n## Monitoring\n\nYou should send all required information about the courses you provide to DVSA including:\n\n- reporting any incidents\n\n- dates when you\u2019re providing CBT courses\n\n- the CBT certificates of completion you issue\n\nThe ATB manual gives more details about what you have to send.\n\n## Apply to become an ATB\n\nTo apply to register an approved training body (ATB), download these 3 application forms, and send them to DVSA:\n\n- \u2018Application to provide compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\u2019\n\n- \u2018Compulsory basic training (CBT) site application form\u2019\n\n- \u2018Application to be authorised as a certified motorcycle instructor\u2019\n\nIt takes up to 8 weeks to process an application. This includes the time to inspect the site to be used for the off-road elements of compulsory basic training.\n\n## Apply for CBT site authorisation\n\nAll the sites you intend to use for the practical training and riding elements of the compulsory basic training (CBT) course must be authorised by DVSA.\n\nYou can\u2019t use a site until you\u2019ve got authorisation from DVSA.\n\nDownload the compulsory basic training site application form to apply for authorisation.\n\nSend the completed form to DVSA. You\u2019ll also need to include a draft plan of the intended site, eg an annotated satellite image.\n\n## Site inspection\n\nDVSA will:\n\n- inspect the site\n\n- send a site report to you\n\n- send a unique site code to you if the site is suitable\n\nThe site report will explain any rules set by DVSA. This will include how many trainees are allowed on the site.\n\nYou should make sure all your instructors are aware of these details.\n\n## Changes to authorised sites\n\nYou must tell DVSA straight away if a site is altered or added to.\n\nDownload the compulsory basic training site application form and send it to DVSA.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to include:\n\n- a draft plan showing any changes to the original authorised site\n\n- a permission letter signed by the site owner\n\nThe site\u2019s authorisation can be removed if it has become unsuitable.\n\n## Stopping using a site\n\nYou must tell DVSA straight away if you stop using a site for CBT.\n\nYou can email DVSA - you\u2019ll need to include your approved training body number and the site\u2019s unique code.\n\n## Providing the CBT course\n\nThe compulsory basic training (CBT) course is made up of 5 parts.\n\nThe course syllabus and the order in which the parts must be delivered is set out in law.\n\n## CBT certificate of completion\n\nYou must give trainees a CBT certificate of completion (DL196) when they reach the required standard.\n\nThe certificate must be completed and signed by the instructor, usually the one who conducted part E of the CBT course.\n\nThe name and address of your approved training body (ATB) should be included on the certificate.\n\n## Ordering DL196 certificates\n\nYou can buy books of DL196 certificates online from DVSA.\n\nEach book contains 25 certificates and costs \u00a3200.\n\n## How your ATB is monitored\n\nDVSA monitors the standard of instruction given by:\n\n- approved training bodies (ATBs)\n\n- instructors delivering compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\n\nYou must make your instructors available for regular standards checks.\n\nYou should tell your local DVSA CBT manager the dates and times when your ATB will be running CBT courses.\n\n## After an assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter of confirmation and report from DVSA after an assessment visit if the training delivered meets the required standard.\n\nDVSA can conduct more assessments if:\n\n- the training falls short of the required standard\n\n- there are breaches of regulations\n\n- there are reports of failure to follow the conditions of appointment\n\nDVSA will consider withdrawing an instructor\u2019s authority to deliver courses if they fail to achieve the required standard during the subsequent assessments.\n\nDVSA can withdraw your ATB\u2019s authorisation to deliver training courses if assessments show that it doesn\u2019t consistently provide full and proper CBT courses.\n\n## Disagreeing with DVSA\u2019s decision\n\nYou can appeal to DVSA if you or an instructor disagrees with DVSA\u2019s decision to withdraw their authority.\n\n## Documents for ATBs\n\nDVSA produces the following documents for approved training bodies (ATBs).\n\n## ATB manual\n\nThe ATB manual gives more details about the rules and processes you should follow when you\u2019re running an ATB.\n\n## Safe and Responsible Riding\n\nThe \u2018National standard for riding mopeds and motorcycles\u2019 sets out the skills, knowledge and understanding that learners need to prove they\u2019re safe and responsible riders.\n\n## Compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus and guidance notes\n\nThe CBT syllabus and guidance notes sets out what trainers need to do and what learners need to understand when taking the course.\n\n## Direct access scheme (DAS) motorcycle training guidance\n\nThe DAS motorcycle training guidance sets out what trainers need to do and what learners need to understand when taking the course.\n\nChanges to the CBT syllabus and guidance notes\n\nYou can keep up to date with new versions if you sign up for DVSA email alerts.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/set-up-run-motorcycle-approved-training-body-atb", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am interested in setting up an approved training body, to teach people how to operate motorcycle vehicles. I am concerned that my theft conviction from 6 years ago might interrupt the process.", + "original_question": "Is the DVSA going to be alarmed by my conviction?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1795", + "question": "Scenario: I am a Master's student at University College London, studying Software Engineering. Since I am not able to afford to pay for my education I took out a Postgraduate loan. On the other hand my father's health is deteriorating fast and I am the only one available to take care of him however I can. He can not work and is reliant on me for most things, including financials.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible to apply for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant under these circumstances?\n\nDocument - Adult Dependants' Grant:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re a full-time student in higher education and an adult depends on you financially, you can apply for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant of up to:\n\n- \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- \u00a33,094 for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nThe grant:\n\n- does not have to be paid back\n\n- is paid on top of your other student finance\n\nYou cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe maximum Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant is:\n\n- \u00a33,190 for the 2021 to 2022 academic year\n\n- \u00a33,094 for the 2020 to 2021 academic year\n\nYou do not have to pay this money back.\n\nAdult Dependants\u2019 Grant will affect any income-related benefits and tax credits you might get.\n\n## What it\u2019s based on\n\nThe amount you get depends on:\n\n- your income\n\n- the adult dependant\u2019s income\n\n- your personal circumstances, for example if you\u2019re married or have children\n\n- what other grants you\u2019re receiving, for example Childcare Grant\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe money is paid in 3 instalments (one at the start of each term) directly into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nUsually the adult dependant will be:\n\n- your husband, wife, partner or civil partner\n\n- a relative, such as a parent or grandparent\n\nIf you\u2019re under 25, the adult dependant cannot be your partner unless you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership.\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible if the adult dependant is:\n\n- your child\n\n- a relative who earns more than \u00a33,796 a year\n\n- getting student finance\n\nYou cannot get an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant if you\u2019re getting a Postgraduate Loan.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Fill in the Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant section on your main student finance application - you\u2019ll need to give estimates of your household income.\n\n- Student Finance England will assess your application and contact you if they need more information.\n\n- Student Finance England will send you a letter telling you if you qualify and how much money you\u2019ll get.\n\n## Supporting information\n\nStudent Finance England may contact you and ask for further information on your financial circumstances. This can include a copy of:\n\n- your P60\n\n- Child Benefit details\n\n- family tax credits details\n\n- financial information from your partner, for example bank statements", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/adult-dependants-grant", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a Master's student at University College London, studying Software Engineering. Since I am not able to afford to pay for my education I took out a Postgraduate loan. On the other hand my father's health is deteriorating fast and I am the only one available to take care of him however I can. He can not work and is reliant on me for most things, including financials.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible to apply for an Adult Dependants\u2019 Grant under these circumstances?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1797", + "question": "Scenario: I am a business trader and sells white goods among other electrical appliances. My business has a annual turnover of \u00a380000. I sell all my products online.I want an effective waste disposal scheme. I don't have a physical stores.\n\nQuestion: Can i join the distributors takeback scheme?\n\nDocument - Electrical waste: retailer and distributor responsibilities:\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou have certain responsibilities if you sell electrical and electronic equipment (EEE).\n\nYou must provide a way for your customers to dispose of their old household electrical and electronic equipment when you sell them a new version of the same item.\n\nThe waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations apply regardless of how you sell the products, whether direct or by internet, mail order or telephone.\n\nYou must either:\n\n- provide a free, in store, take back service to your customers\n\n- set up an alternative, free take back service\n\nIf you do not have your own take back service, you must join the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS).\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you do not comply with the regulations.\n\n## Tell your customers which service you provide\n\nYou must provide free written information to your customers on:\n\n- which take back service you provide, including collect on delivery\n\n- how they can reuse and recycle electrical and electronic equipment\n\n- why this waste needs to be separated from other waste\n\n- the damaging effects of not recycling electrical and electronic equipment\n\n- the meaning of the crossed-out wheelie bin symbol\n\n## Shops\n\nYou can provide this information by, for example:\n\n- displaying posters in your store about which service you provide\n\n- including information leaflets with the electrical and electronic equipment you sell\n\n## Online retailers\n\nYou must publish this information on your website. You can download free customer information if you offer a take back service. DTS members can get these from the scheme.\n\nYou have other responsibilities if you\u2019re a \u2018producer\u2019 - for example you make and sell EEE under your own brand, or sell it in UK from abroad.\n\n## Take back waste in store\n\nYou must offer to take back waste of the same type as the item your customers buy from you, regardless of:\n\n- whether they buy in-store, online or by mail order\n\n- the brand of the item\n\nYou must also take back items that have the same function. For example, you would:\n\n- take back a customer\u2019s old kettle when they buy a new one\n\n- take back a video player if the customer buys a DVD player\n\nYou must:\n\n- offer the in-store service for free - but you can charge to cover transport costs if you\u2019re collecting items from customers\u2019 homes\n\n- give customers at least 28 days to bring back their waste item\n\n- take back all types of electrical and electronic equipment that you sell - you can choose to extend your service to cover all kinds of electrical and electronic waste\n\n## Small electronic equipment\n\n\u2018Very small WEEE\u2019 are items of waste electrical and electronic equipment that are less than 25cm on their longest side.\n\nYou must take back all items of \u2018very small WEEE\u2019 in store if your electrical and electronic equipment sales area is greater than 400 square metres including aisle, display and shelf space.\n\nYou must provide this service to everyone for free, regardless of whether they\u2019ve bought anything from your store.\n\nYou\u2019re exempt if you\u2019ve joined the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) or an assessment shows you already have an effective system.\n\n## Store waste\n\nCheck the conditions to see if you can store the waste temporarily before you dispose of it.\n\n## Dispose of waste\n\nTo dispose of the waste you\u2019ve collected you can do one of the following.\n\n## Producer compliance schemes\n\nContact a producer compliance scheme (PCS).\n\nThe PCS will arrange for the waste to be recycled or prepared for re-use at an Approved Authorised Treatment Facility (AATF).\n\nYou may be charged for the collection and transportation of the waste to the AATF or the PCS collection point.\n\n## Transport the waste yourself\n\nYou can transport the waste to an AATF or PCS collection point yourself.\n\nYou need to register as a waste carrier in:\n\n- England\n\n- Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nYou may also need to follow the rules on transporting hazardous waste in:\n\n- England and Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n## Keep records\n\nYou must keep records of all electrical and electronic waste that you collect and dispose of - you can use a template.\n\nInclude the number of units you\u2019ve received through take back and say how many of these were returned to a PCS.\n\nYou need to keep all documentation you make, or are given by the PCS or the AATF, when you dispose of electrical and electronic waste.\n\nYou also need to keep records of how you tell customers about your take back scheme.\n\nKeep all your records for 4 years.\n\n## Set up an alternative take back service\n\nYou can set up a \u2018designated collection facility\u2019 (DCF) where your customers can take all types of electrical and electronic waste.\n\nYou can do this on your own or with other distributors.\n\nYou must follow the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, other waste management legislation and local planning requirements when managing a DCF.\n\nYou must agree with a producer compliance scheme (PCS) to return the electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) direct to an Approved Authorised Treatment Facility (AATF).\n\n## Use the Distributor Takeback Scheme\n\nYou can use the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) instead of providing a takeback service, if either of the following apply:\n\n- your business sells less than \u00a3100,000 of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) per year\n\n- you only sell online\n\nIf your business sells \u00a3100,000 or more of EEE per year and has physical stores, you cannot use the DTS after 31 December 2020. You\u2019ll need to take back waste in store or set up an alternative collection point instead.\n\n## How the scheme works\n\nYou pay a fee that covers your waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) obligations until 31 December 2021. The amount you pay depends on:\n\n- the size of your business\n\n- whether you only sell online\n\n- how much EEE you sell\n\nThis money goes towards supporting the recycling centres run by local authorities.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep a record of what information you give to your customers about where they should take their WEEE.\n\n## If you do not comply\n\nIf you fail to comply with the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, you can be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a35,000 at a magistrates\u2019 court, or get an unlimited fine from a Crown Court.\n\nYou may sometimes get warning letters and formal cautions before a prosecution.\n\nThe Office for Product Safety and Standards enforces these regulations. You can contact them online, call or write to them.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/electricalwaste-producer-supplier-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a business trader and sells white goods among other electrical appliances. My business has a annual turnover of \u00a380000. I sell all my products online.I want an effective waste disposal scheme. I don't have a physical stores.", + "original_question": "Can i join the distributors takeback scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1798", + "question": "Scenario: My friend John sells electronics / electrical equipment in his retail shop. He has not provided his customers with a free waste take back service.He does not have a physical take back store or joined any electrical waste scheme.\n\nQuestion: Can he be penalised ?\n\nDocument - Electrical waste: retailer and distributor responsibilities:\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou have certain responsibilities if you sell electrical and electronic equipment (EEE).\n\nYou must provide a way for your customers to dispose of their old household electrical and electronic equipment when you sell them a new version of the same item.\n\nThe waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations apply regardless of how you sell the products, whether direct or by internet, mail order or telephone.\n\nYou must either:\n\n- provide a free, in store, take back service to your customers\n\n- set up an alternative, free take back service\n\nIf you do not have your own take back service, you must join the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS).\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you do not comply with the regulations.\n\n## Tell your customers which service you provide\n\nYou must provide free written information to your customers on:\n\n- which take back service you provide, including collect on delivery\n\n- how they can reuse and recycle electrical and electronic equipment\n\n- why this waste needs to be separated from other waste\n\n- the damaging effects of not recycling electrical and electronic equipment\n\n- the meaning of the crossed-out wheelie bin symbol\n\n## Shops\n\nYou can provide this information by, for example:\n\n- displaying posters in your store about which service you provide\n\n- including information leaflets with the electrical and electronic equipment you sell\n\n## Online retailers\n\nYou must publish this information on your website. You can download free customer information if you offer a take back service. DTS members can get these from the scheme.\n\nYou have other responsibilities if you\u2019re a \u2018producer\u2019 - for example you make and sell EEE under your own brand, or sell it in UK from abroad.\n\n## Take back waste in store\n\nYou must offer to take back waste of the same type as the item your customers buy from you, regardless of:\n\n- whether they buy in-store, online or by mail order\n\n- the brand of the item\n\nYou must also take back items that have the same function. For example, you would:\n\n- take back a customer\u2019s old kettle when they buy a new one\n\n- take back a video player if the customer buys a DVD player\n\nYou must:\n\n- offer the in-store service for free - but you can charge to cover transport costs if you\u2019re collecting items from customers\u2019 homes\n\n- give customers at least 28 days to bring back their waste item\n\n- take back all types of electrical and electronic equipment that you sell - you can choose to extend your service to cover all kinds of electrical and electronic waste\n\n## Small electronic equipment\n\n\u2018Very small WEEE\u2019 are items of waste electrical and electronic equipment that are less than 25cm on their longest side.\n\nYou must take back all items of \u2018very small WEEE\u2019 in store if your electrical and electronic equipment sales area is greater than 400 square metres including aisle, display and shelf space.\n\nYou must provide this service to everyone for free, regardless of whether they\u2019ve bought anything from your store.\n\nYou\u2019re exempt if you\u2019ve joined the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) or an assessment shows you already have an effective system.\n\n## Store waste\n\nCheck the conditions to see if you can store the waste temporarily before you dispose of it.\n\n## Dispose of waste\n\nTo dispose of the waste you\u2019ve collected you can do one of the following.\n\n## Producer compliance schemes\n\nContact a producer compliance scheme (PCS).\n\nThe PCS will arrange for the waste to be recycled or prepared for re-use at an Approved Authorised Treatment Facility (AATF).\n\nYou may be charged for the collection and transportation of the waste to the AATF or the PCS collection point.\n\n## Transport the waste yourself\n\nYou can transport the waste to an AATF or PCS collection point yourself.\n\nYou need to register as a waste carrier in:\n\n- England\n\n- Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nYou may also need to follow the rules on transporting hazardous waste in:\n\n- England and Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n## Keep records\n\nYou must keep records of all electrical and electronic waste that you collect and dispose of - you can use a template.\n\nInclude the number of units you\u2019ve received through take back and say how many of these were returned to a PCS.\n\nYou need to keep all documentation you make, or are given by the PCS or the AATF, when you dispose of electrical and electronic waste.\n\nYou also need to keep records of how you tell customers about your take back scheme.\n\nKeep all your records for 4 years.\n\n## Set up an alternative take back service\n\nYou can set up a \u2018designated collection facility\u2019 (DCF) where your customers can take all types of electrical and electronic waste.\n\nYou can do this on your own or with other distributors.\n\nYou must follow the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, other waste management legislation and local planning requirements when managing a DCF.\n\nYou must agree with a producer compliance scheme (PCS) to return the electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) direct to an Approved Authorised Treatment Facility (AATF).\n\n## Use the Distributor Takeback Scheme\n\nYou can use the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) instead of providing a takeback service, if either of the following apply:\n\n- your business sells less than \u00a3100,000 of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) per year\n\n- you only sell online\n\nIf your business sells \u00a3100,000 or more of EEE per year and has physical stores, you cannot use the DTS after 31 December 2020. You\u2019ll need to take back waste in store or set up an alternative collection point instead.\n\n## How the scheme works\n\nYou pay a fee that covers your waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) obligations until 31 December 2021. The amount you pay depends on:\n\n- the size of your business\n\n- whether you only sell online\n\n- how much EEE you sell\n\nThis money goes towards supporting the recycling centres run by local authorities.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep a record of what information you give to your customers about where they should take their WEEE.\n\n## If you do not comply\n\nIf you fail to comply with the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, you can be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a35,000 at a magistrates\u2019 court, or get an unlimited fine from a Crown Court.\n\nYou may sometimes get warning letters and formal cautions before a prosecution.\n\nThe Office for Product Safety and Standards enforces these regulations. You can contact them online, call or write to them.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/electricalwaste-producer-supplier-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend John sells electronics / electrical equipment in his retail shop. He has not provided his customers with a free waste take back service.He does not have a physical take back store or joined any electrical waste scheme.", + "original_question": "Can he be penalised ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1803", + "question": "Scenario: I wanted to put some shutters on the front of my shop but the council turned me down. I think this is unfair and it puts by business at risk.\n\nQuestion: I am within my rights to appeal this decision?\n\nDocument - Appeal a minor commercial development decision:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority makes decisions on applications about minor commercial developments, for example ground floor alterations like shop fronts and security shutters.\n\nYou can appeal a minor commercial development decision if you disagree with it.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\nOnly the person who made the application can appeal.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 12 weeks of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.\n\nThe deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice - you must appeal within 28 days of the notice.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- the site ownership certificate\n\n- the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit:\n\n- a map of the surrounding area\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal\n\nYou can upload these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nNo-one can comment on a minor commercial development decision appeal.\n\nYour local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal.\n\nThey have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-minor-commercial-development-decision", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I wanted to put some shutters on the front of my shop but the council turned me down. I think this is unfair and it puts by business at risk.", + "original_question": "I am within my rights to appeal this decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1806", + "question": "Scenario: My employer has become insolvent. They have failed to pay my last month's wages before making me redundant. It has been two weeks since I was made redundant. I am a British citizen.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to apply for money I am owed?\n\nDocument - Your rights if your employer is insolvent:\n## Overview\n\nYour employer is insolvent if it cannot pay its debts.\n\nThey might:\n\n- make you redundant\n\n- ask you to keep working\n\n- transfer you to a new employer (if the business has been sold)\n\nThere are different types of insolvency:\n\n- administration\n\n- liquidation\n\n- bankruptcy\n\n- receivership\n\n- company voluntary arrangement\n\n- individual voluntary arrangement\n\n- debt relief order\n\nCheck if your employer is insolvent.\n\nDepending on your situation, you can apply to the government for:\n\n- a redundancy payment\n\n- holiday pay\n\n- outstanding payments like unpaid wages, overtime and commission\n\n- money you would have earned working your notice period (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)\n\nYou may be eligible for unemployment benefits if you lose your job. If you do not apply for benefits after you lose your job, you might get less money in your statutory notice pay payment.\n\n## Your rights\n\nYou have different rights depending on whether your employer:\n\n- makes you redundant (dismisses you)\n\n- asks you to keep working\n\n- transfers you to a new employer (if the business has been sold)\n\nYour employer must have a consultation about why redundancies are happening and if there are any alternatives - they do not have to consult you directly.\n\n## If you\u2019re made redundant\n\nYou\u2019re made redundant if you\u2019re dismissed from your job.\n\nThe person who is dealing with the insolvency (the \u2018insolvency practitioner\u2019 or \u2018official receiver\u2019) must tell you how your job is affected and what to do next.\n\nThey\u2019ll also give you a:\n\n- RP1 fact sheet\n\n- \u2018CN\u2019 (case reference) number to use when you apply for money you\u2019re owed\n\nYou can apply to the government for:\n\n- a redundancy payment\n\n- holiday pay\n\n- outstanding payments like unpaid wages, overtime and commission\n\n- money you would have earned working your notice period (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)\n\nBusinesses can go through more than one insolvency. You cannot claim outstanding payments between the day of the first insolvency and the day you were dismissed, even if you did not know about the previous insolvency.\n\nYou can also apply to the court for compensation if you think you were dismissed unfairly or not consulted properly.\n\n## Compensation because you were dismissed unfairly\n\nYou can make a claim to the employment tribunal if:\n\n- you were dismissed unfairly (\u2018basic award\u2019)\n\n- there was not a consultation about your redundancy (\u2018protective award\u2019)\n\nYou\u2019ll be claiming against the Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy and your former employer (\u2018the respondents\u2019).\n\n## If you continue working after the insolvency\n\nYou might be asked to continue working for your employer after they become insolvent.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be eligible to claim for redundancy pay and other money you\u2019re owed if you\u2019re made redundant at a later date.\n\nYou cannot claim holiday pay, wages, bonuses or commission that you\u2019re owed between the day of the insolvency and the day you were dismissed.\n\n## If you\u2019re transferred to a new employer\n\nYou cannot claim any money from the government if you were transferred before your former employer became insolvent.\n\nIf you were transferred afterwards, you can apply for redundancy pay, statutory notice pay and outstanding payments such holiday pay, wages, commission and bonuses.\n\n## What you can get\n\nWhat money you\u2019re entitled to depends on:\n\n- how long you were employed\n\n- what was in your employment contract\n\n- your age\n\nPayments are capped.\n\n## Redundancy pay\n\nYou\u2019re normally entitled to redundancy pay if you:\n\n- have been made redundant\n\n- were an employee\n\n- were continuously employed by the insolvent business for 2 years or more\n\nYou\u2019ll get:\n\n- half a week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and under 22 years old\n\n- one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and between 22 and 40 years old\n\n- one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and 41 or older\n\nRedundancy payments are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).\n\nYou can get a payment for a maximum of 20 years that you were employed at the business.\n\nCalculate your redundancy pay.\n\n## Wages and other money you\u2019re owed\n\nYou can apply for unpaid wages and other money you\u2019re owed by your employer, for example bonuses, overtime and commission.\n\nYou\u2019re only entitled to money that\u2019s in your employment contract.\n\nYou\u2019ll get up to 8 weeks of money you\u2019re owed. It counts as a week even if you\u2019re only owed money for a few days.\n\nPayments for wages and other money you\u2019re owed are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).\n\nYou pay income tax and National Insurance when you get unpaid wages and other money you\u2019re owed. You might be able to claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nYou can get paid for:\n\n- holiday days owed that you did not take (\u2018holiday pay accrued\u2019)\n\n- holiday days you took but were not paid for (\u2018holiday pay taken\u2019)\n\nYou\u2019re only paid for holidays you took or accrued in the 12 months before your employer became insolvent.\n\nYou\u2019ll only get payments for up to 6 weeks of holiday days. Holiday pay is capped at \u00a3544 per week (\u00a3538 per week if your employer went insolvent before 6 April 2021).\n\nYou pay income tax and National Insurance on your holiday payment. You might be able to claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much.\n\n## Statutory notice pay\n\nYou\u2019re entitled to a paid notice period when you\u2019re made redundant, even if it is not in your contract.\n\nYou can claim for statutory notice pay if you:\n\n- did not work a notice period\n\n- worked some of your notice period\n\n- worked an unpaid notice period\n\nYour statutory notice pay is worked out as one week\u2019s notice for every year you were employed, up to a maximum of twelve weeks.\n\nPayments are capped at \u00a3544 per week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).\n\n## Pension contributions\n\nContact the insolvency practitioner or official receiver if you\u2019re missing contributions to your pension.\n\n## Apply for money you're owed\n\nYou\u2019re eligible to apply if:\n\n- you were an employee\n\n- you\u2019re a UK or EEA national (or a foreign national with permission to work in the UK)\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible (for example you\u2019re a contractor) register as a creditor instead.\n\n- Apply for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday within 6 months of being dismissed. You request to claim for loss of notice pay (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019) in your application.\n\n- If you requested to claim statutory notice pay, you\u2019ll get sent a letter telling you when you can apply.\n\n## Claiming for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday pay\n\nYou can apply as soon as you\u2019ve been made redundant. The person dealing with the insolvency (the \u2018insolvency practitioner\u2019 or \u2018official receiver\u2019) will give you a \u2018CN\u2019 (case reference) number. You cannot claim without the CN number.\n\nYou must apply for redundancy pay within 6 months of being dismissed.\n\nThe application will ask if you want to apply for statutory notice pay. Choosing \u2018Yes\u2019 does not mean you\u2019ve applied. You\u2019ll be told when to apply.\n\nApply for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday online.\n\n## Claiming for loss of notice pay (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)\n\nYou need an \u2018LN\u2019 reference number to make a claim. It\u2019ll be sent after your notice period would have ended. This is usually no more than 12 weeks after you\u2019re dismissed.\n\nYou must apply for redundancy first - even if you\u2019re not owed any money.\n\nEmployees at the same business can have different notice periods.\n\nOnce you have the LN reference number, claim online for loss of notice.\n\nMoney you get (or could have got) by claiming benefits will be deducted from your payment.\n\n## Help completing the online forms\n\nContact the Redundancy Payments Service if you have queries about completing the online forms. You\u2019ll need your case reference number or National Insurance number.\n\nYou cannot currently call the Redundancy Payments Service.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIt usually takes up to 6 weeks to get your payment but can take longer.\n\nYour information will be checked against the employer\u2019s records, for example how much holiday you had accrued. You\u2019ll only get a payment if the records show you\u2019re owed money.\n\nAny benefits you\u2019re eligible to claim will be deducted from your statutory notice payment (even if you did not claim them).\n\n## If your application is rejected\n\nContact the Redundancy Payments Service - they\u2019ll explain why your claim was rejected.\n\nYou can make a claim to the employment tribunal if you disagree with the decision. You\u2019ll be claiming against the Secretary of State for Business Energy and Industrial Strategy and your former employer (\u2018the respondents\u2019).\n\n## Help and advice\n\nContact the Redundancy Payments Service if you need help. You\u2019ll need your case reference number or National Insurance number.\n\nYou cannot currently call the Redundancy Payments Service.\n\n## Help finding a new job\n\nContact your local Jobcentre Plus and ask for their Rapid Response Service for help finding a new job.\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the service for up to 13 weeks after you\u2019re made redundant. You must have started your notice period to be eligible.\n\nGet help to find a new job, improve your skills and claim benefits.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-if-your-employer-is-insolvent", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My employer has become insolvent. They have failed to pay my last month's wages before making me redundant. It has been two weeks since I was made redundant. I am a British citizen.", + "original_question": "Am I able to apply for money I am owed?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1807", + "question": "Scenario: My company has run bankrupt and I have been made redundant without any formal notice after working as a full time employee for 10 years . I have lost my job and benefits.\n\nQuestion: Can i apply to the government for a redundancy payment?\n\nDocument - Your rights if your employer is insolvent:\n## Overview\n\nYour employer is insolvent if it cannot pay its debts.\n\nThey might:\n\n- make you redundant\n\n- ask you to keep working\n\n- transfer you to a new employer (if the business has been sold)\n\nThere are different types of insolvency:\n\n- administration\n\n- liquidation\n\n- bankruptcy\n\n- receivership\n\n- company voluntary arrangement\n\n- individual voluntary arrangement\n\n- debt relief order\n\nCheck if your employer is insolvent.\n\nDepending on your situation, you can apply to the government for:\n\n- a redundancy payment\n\n- holiday pay\n\n- outstanding payments like unpaid wages, overtime and commission\n\n- money you would have earned working your notice period (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)\n\nYou may be eligible for unemployment benefits if you lose your job. If you do not apply for benefits after you lose your job, you might get less money in your statutory notice pay payment.\n\n## Your rights\n\nYou have different rights depending on whether your employer:\n\n- makes you redundant (dismisses you)\n\n- asks you to keep working\n\n- transfers you to a new employer (if the business has been sold)\n\nYour employer must have a consultation about why redundancies are happening and if there are any alternatives - they do not have to consult you directly.\n\n## If you\u2019re made redundant\n\nYou\u2019re made redundant if you\u2019re dismissed from your job.\n\nThe person who is dealing with the insolvency (the \u2018insolvency practitioner\u2019 or \u2018official receiver\u2019) must tell you how your job is affected and what to do next.\n\nThey\u2019ll also give you a:\n\n- RP1 fact sheet\n\n- \u2018CN\u2019 (case reference) number to use when you apply for money you\u2019re owed\n\nYou can apply to the government for:\n\n- a redundancy payment\n\n- holiday pay\n\n- outstanding payments like unpaid wages, overtime and commission\n\n- money you would have earned working your notice period (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)\n\nBusinesses can go through more than one insolvency. You cannot claim outstanding payments between the day of the first insolvency and the day you were dismissed, even if you did not know about the previous insolvency.\n\nYou can also apply to the court for compensation if you think you were dismissed unfairly or not consulted properly.\n\n## Compensation because you were dismissed unfairly\n\nYou can make a claim to the employment tribunal if:\n\n- you were dismissed unfairly (\u2018basic award\u2019)\n\n- there was not a consultation about your redundancy (\u2018protective award\u2019)\n\nYou\u2019ll be claiming against the Secretary of State for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy and your former employer (\u2018the respondents\u2019).\n\n## If you continue working after the insolvency\n\nYou might be asked to continue working for your employer after they become insolvent.\n\nYou\u2019ll still be eligible to claim for redundancy pay and other money you\u2019re owed if you\u2019re made redundant at a later date.\n\nYou cannot claim holiday pay, wages, bonuses or commission that you\u2019re owed between the day of the insolvency and the day you were dismissed.\n\n## If you\u2019re transferred to a new employer\n\nYou cannot claim any money from the government if you were transferred before your former employer became insolvent.\n\nIf you were transferred afterwards, you can apply for redundancy pay, statutory notice pay and outstanding payments such holiday pay, wages, commission and bonuses.\n\n## What you can get\n\nWhat money you\u2019re entitled to depends on:\n\n- how long you were employed\n\n- what was in your employment contract\n\n- your age\n\nPayments are capped.\n\n## Redundancy pay\n\nYou\u2019re normally entitled to redundancy pay if you:\n\n- have been made redundant\n\n- were an employee\n\n- were continuously employed by the insolvent business for 2 years or more\n\nYou\u2019ll get:\n\n- half a week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and under 22 years old\n\n- one week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and between 22 and 40 years old\n\n- one and half week\u2019s pay for each full year you were employed and 41 or older\n\nRedundancy payments are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).\n\nYou can get a payment for a maximum of 20 years that you were employed at the business.\n\nCalculate your redundancy pay.\n\n## Wages and other money you\u2019re owed\n\nYou can apply for unpaid wages and other money you\u2019re owed by your employer, for example bonuses, overtime and commission.\n\nYou\u2019re only entitled to money that\u2019s in your employment contract.\n\nYou\u2019ll get up to 8 weeks of money you\u2019re owed. It counts as a week even if you\u2019re only owed money for a few days.\n\nPayments for wages and other money you\u2019re owed are capped at \u00a3544 a week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).\n\nYou pay income tax and National Insurance when you get unpaid wages and other money you\u2019re owed. You might be able to claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nYou can get paid for:\n\n- holiday days owed that you did not take (\u2018holiday pay accrued\u2019)\n\n- holiday days you took but were not paid for (\u2018holiday pay taken\u2019)\n\nYou\u2019re only paid for holidays you took or accrued in the 12 months before your employer became insolvent.\n\nYou\u2019ll only get payments for up to 6 weeks of holiday days. Holiday pay is capped at \u00a3544 per week (\u00a3538 per week if your employer went insolvent before 6 April 2021).\n\nYou pay income tax and National Insurance on your holiday payment. You might be able to claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve paid too much.\n\n## Statutory notice pay\n\nYou\u2019re entitled to a paid notice period when you\u2019re made redundant, even if it is not in your contract.\n\nYou can claim for statutory notice pay if you:\n\n- did not work a notice period\n\n- worked some of your notice period\n\n- worked an unpaid notice period\n\nYour statutory notice pay is worked out as one week\u2019s notice for every year you were employed, up to a maximum of twelve weeks.\n\nPayments are capped at \u00a3544 per week (\u00a3538 if you were made redundant before 6 April 2021).\n\n## Pension contributions\n\nContact the insolvency practitioner or official receiver if you\u2019re missing contributions to your pension.\n\n## Apply for money you're owed\n\nYou\u2019re eligible to apply if:\n\n- you were an employee\n\n- you\u2019re a UK or EEA national (or a foreign national with permission to work in the UK)\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible (for example you\u2019re a contractor) register as a creditor instead.\n\n- Apply for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday within 6 months of being dismissed. You request to claim for loss of notice pay (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019) in your application.\n\n- If you requested to claim statutory notice pay, you\u2019ll get sent a letter telling you when you can apply.\n\n## Claiming for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday pay\n\nYou can apply as soon as you\u2019ve been made redundant. The person dealing with the insolvency (the \u2018insolvency practitioner\u2019 or \u2018official receiver\u2019) will give you a \u2018CN\u2019 (case reference) number. You cannot claim without the CN number.\n\nYou must apply for redundancy pay within 6 months of being dismissed.\n\nThe application will ask if you want to apply for statutory notice pay. Choosing \u2018Yes\u2019 does not mean you\u2019ve applied. You\u2019ll be told when to apply.\n\nApply for redundancy, unpaid wages and holiday online.\n\n## Claiming for loss of notice pay (\u2018statutory notice pay\u2019)\n\nYou need an \u2018LN\u2019 reference number to make a claim. It\u2019ll be sent after your notice period would have ended. This is usually no more than 12 weeks after you\u2019re dismissed.\n\nYou must apply for redundancy first - even if you\u2019re not owed any money.\n\nEmployees at the same business can have different notice periods.\n\nOnce you have the LN reference number, claim online for loss of notice.\n\nMoney you get (or could have got) by claiming benefits will be deducted from your payment.\n\n## Help completing the online forms\n\nContact the Redundancy Payments Service if you have queries about completing the online forms. You\u2019ll need your case reference number or National Insurance number.\n\nYou cannot currently call the Redundancy Payments Service.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIt usually takes up to 6 weeks to get your payment but can take longer.\n\nYour information will be checked against the employer\u2019s records, for example how much holiday you had accrued. You\u2019ll only get a payment if the records show you\u2019re owed money.\n\nAny benefits you\u2019re eligible to claim will be deducted from your statutory notice payment (even if you did not claim them).\n\n## If your application is rejected\n\nContact the Redundancy Payments Service - they\u2019ll explain why your claim was rejected.\n\nYou can make a claim to the employment tribunal if you disagree with the decision. You\u2019ll be claiming against the Secretary of State for Business Energy and Industrial Strategy and your former employer (\u2018the respondents\u2019).\n\n## Help and advice\n\nContact the Redundancy Payments Service if you need help. You\u2019ll need your case reference number or National Insurance number.\n\nYou cannot currently call the Redundancy Payments Service.\n\n## Help finding a new job\n\nContact your local Jobcentre Plus and ask for their Rapid Response Service for help finding a new job.\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the service for up to 13 weeks after you\u2019re made redundant. You must have started your notice period to be eligible.\n\nGet help to find a new job, improve your skills and claim benefits.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/your-rights-if-your-employer-is-insolvent", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My company has run bankrupt and I have been made redundant without any formal notice after working as a full time employee for 10 years . I have lost my job and benefits.", + "original_question": "Can i apply to the government for a redundancy payment?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1809", + "question": "Scenario: My father has received an enforcement letter from the local authority because he built a new extension of his kitchen without planning permission. The land is his property.\n\nQuestion: Can he appeal?\n\nDocument - Appeal an enforcement notice:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority may send you an enforcement notice if you\u2019ve built or changed something without planning permission.\n\nYou can appeal against an enforcement notice if you own, rent or lawfully occupy the property or land it applies to.\n\nAnyone can comment on an appeal.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing, unless you also apply for planning permission.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYour appeal must be received before the date the enforcement notice takes effect.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.\n\nCheck how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one enforcement notice you must make a separate appeal for each. Each person should appeal separately.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit:\n\n- a copy of your enforcement notice\n\n- a plan (if there is one)\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal\n\nYou can upload these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on an enforcement notice appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal.\n\nThe deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you the start date, what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-enforcement-notice", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father has received an enforcement letter from the local authority because he built a new extension of his kitchen without planning permission. The land is his property.", + "original_question": "Can he appeal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1810", + "question": "Scenario: I made an appeal after receiving an enforcement letter . This was because of changing my residential property into a bed and breakfast facility. My appeal decision was disagreed upon and I suspect that the planning officer made a mistake.\n\nQuestion: Can i challenge this negative appeal decision ?\n\nDocument - Appeal an enforcement notice:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority may send you an enforcement notice if you\u2019ve built or changed something without planning permission.\n\nYou can appeal against an enforcement notice if you own, rent or lawfully occupy the property or land it applies to.\n\nAnyone can comment on an appeal.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing, unless you also apply for planning permission.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYour appeal must be received before the date the enforcement notice takes effect.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.\n\nCheck how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one enforcement notice you must make a separate appeal for each. Each person should appeal separately.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit:\n\n- a copy of your enforcement notice\n\n- a plan (if there is one)\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal\n\nYou can upload these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on an enforcement notice appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal.\n\nThe deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you the start date, what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-enforcement-notice", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I made an appeal after receiving an enforcement letter . This was because of changing my residential property into a bed and breakfast facility. My appeal decision was disagreed upon and I suspect that the planning officer made a mistake.", + "original_question": "Can i challenge this negative appeal decision ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1812", + "question": "Scenario: I have applied to the land registry for the change of my name after I got married.I have accumulated all the needed documents as proof of name change.\n\nQuestion: Do i need to attach a copy of marriage certificate?\n\nDocument - Registering land or property with HM Land Registry:\n## When you must register\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou must register all land or property with HM Land Registry if you\u2019ve:\n\n- bought it\n\n- been given it\n\n- inherited it\n\n- received it in exchange for other property or land\n\n- mortgaged the property\n\nYou do not usually need to register leasehold land or property if there are 7 years or less on the lease when you take ownership.\n\nYou must register your land with the Rural Land Register as well as HM Land Registry if you own agricultural land.\n\nYour property might not be registered if you owned it before 1990 and have not mortgaged it since. Check if your property\u2019s registered.\n\nYou must tell HM Land Registry if you transfer ownership of your registered property to someone else.\n\n## Once you\u2019re registered\n\nHM Land Registry publishes information online about most registered property, including:\n\n- the names of owners\n\n- the price paid for the property\n\n- a plan of the property\u2019s boundaries\n\nYou cannot opt out of your property information being published.\n\n## If you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland\n\nHM Land Registry only deals with land and property in England and Wales.\n\n## Scotland\n\nRegister your land or property with Registers of Scotland.\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nRegister your land or property with Land and Property Services.\n\n## Register for the first time\n\nLand or property must be registered for the first time if it\u2019s unregistered when you take ownership of it or mortgage it.\n\nEven if you do not have to register, registering voluntarily:\n\n- gives you proof of ownership\n\n- helps protect your land from fraud\n\n- makes it easier to change, sell or give your property away in the future\n\nYou can register property yourself or get a solicitor or conveyancer to do it for you.\n\n## Register land or property for the first time\n\n- Search the register to make sure your property is not already registered.\n\n- Apply for a search from the Land Charges Department to search against all previous owners since 1925. They will send you the results.\n\n- Fill in an application for first registration.\n\n- Prepare a scale plan showing where the land is outlined, if it\u2019s not shown in the deeds.\n\n- Find the forms you need depending on your circumstances and fill out 2 copies of the list of documents form.\n\n- Find out the correct registration fee - this depends on the value of your property.\n\n- Send your documents, forms and fee to HM Land Registry.\n\n## If you bought the property\n\nInclude the same forms as for registering for the first time and a \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form.\n\n## If you inherited the property\n\nInclude the same forms as for registering for the first time and include either:\n\n- a completed \u2018whole of registered title assent\u2019 form - the executor needs to fill this out if the property was in the name of a sole registered owner and it\u2019s been left to you in a will\n\n- a completed \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form - the surviving owner needs to fill this out if they jointly owned the property and you are inheriting a share\n\nContact HM Land Registry if you\u2019re unsure which form you need.\n\n## Other documents you may need\n\nYou may also need to send:\n\n- a \u2018proof of identity\u2019 form if you are not a legal professional, such as a conveyancer\n\n- a \u2018disclosable interests\u2019 form if there are unregistered interests in the property not mentioned in the deeds (such as a short-term lease or a right of occupation) - read detailed guidance on unregistered rights from HM Land Registry\n\n- a Land Transaction Return certificate if you\u2019ve paid Stamp Duty (for a property in England and Northern Ireland) or Land Transaction Tax (for properties sold in Wales or after 1 April 2018)\n\n- a certified copy of the lease, if you\u2019re applying to register leasehold land or property\n\n## Transfer ownership of your property\n\nYou must tell HM Land Registry when you change the registered owner of your property, for example if you\u2019re transferring it into another person\u2019s name, or if you want to add your partner as a joint owner.\n\n- Download and fill in an application to change the register.\n\n- Fill in either a \u2018transfer of whole of registered title\u2019 form, if you\u2019re transferring your whole property, or a \u2018transfer of part of registered title\u2019 form if you\u2019re only transferring part of your property.\n\n- Fill in a certificate of identity for a private individual.\n\n- Find out the correct fee. Use the \u2018Scale 2 fees\u2019 if you\u2019re transferring ownership of a property without selling it, for example as inheritance. Use the Land Registry fee calculator if you\u2019re transferring part or all of a property as a sale.\n\n- Send your documents, forms and fee to HM Land Registry.\n\n## Update or correct the register\n\nYou must tell HM Land Registry if anything in the register changes or it is incorrect.\n\n## Update or correct contact addresses\n\nYou can register up to 3 addresses (including email and non-UK addresses) with HM Land Registry for each property.\n\nTo change your contact details or those of other owners or agents send a request to update registered owners\u2019 contact address. You do not have to pay anything to do this.\n\n## Change your name\n\nYou must send HM Land Registry an application to change the register when you change your name. You do not have to pay anything to do this.\n\nHow to apply depends on which documents you can send that prove your name has changed. You\u2019ll get back any official certificates you send in after the register has been updated.\n\nUse application form AP1 if you have any of the following documents:\n\n- an official or certified copy of a certificate showing the name change, such as a marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\n- a copy of a deed poll\n\n- a statement of truth\n\n- a statutory declaration sworn before someone able to take oaths\n\nYou must also send additional proof if you\u2019re not sending a certificate or using a conveyancer (for example a solicitor). When you send from AP1, include both:\n\n- a filled-in confirmation of identity form in your new name\n\n- a copy of an official document in your former name, such as a passport, driving licence or utility bill\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed your gender\n\nUse application form CNG if you have any of the following documents:\n\n- a gender recognition certificate\n\n- a new birth certificate\n\n- a letter from a UK-based medical practitioner (such as a doctor) confirming you\u2019ve changed gender\n\nSend the completed form and one of the documents to the address on the form. You must send original documents, not copies.\n\nIf you\u2019re sending a gender recognition certificate, write \u2018Private and confidential\u2019 on the envelope.\n\n## Returning to your original surname\n\nTo return to your original surname after a divorce or dissolution of a civil partnership send HM Land Registry:\n\n- application form AP1\n\n- a copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\nHM Land Registry will let you know if they need more information.\n\n## Stop your previous name being seen on old documents\n\nYour previous name will still appear on any documents that were filed with HM Land Registry before you changed your name. Previous names cannot be changed but you might be able to stop them from being copied or inspected by making an exempt document application.\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a312 per document for electronic applications - only businesses and organisations can apply electronically, for example conveyancers\n\n- \u00a325 per document for paper applications\n\nYou will need to fill in form EX1 and form EX1A.\n\n## Mortgage completion\n\nYou must tell HM Land Registry if a mortgage on a registered property is paid off (\u2018discharged\u2019).\n\nUsually your mortgage lender will do this for you automatically but they may send you a completed \u2018cancellation of charges\u2019 form.\n\nOnce you have this, fill in an application to \u2018cancel entries relating to a charge\u2019 and a confirmation of identity form.\n\nSend all forms to the Citizen Centre.\n\nHM Land Registry will update your details and tell you that the register has been updated.\n\n## Other changes\n\nTransfer ownership of your property if you\u2019ve:\n\n- sold it\n\n- divorced or separated and want to remove an owner\n\n- married and want to add an owner\n\n- given the property away\n\n## Send your requests\n\nSend completed forms to the HM Land Registry Citizen Centre.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registering-land-or-property-with-land-registry", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have applied to the land registry for the change of my name after I got married.I have accumulated all the needed documents as proof of name change.", + "original_question": "Do i need to attach a copy of marriage certificate?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1815", + "question": "Scenario: I own a canal boat. I am currently planning to use my boat on the Royal Military Canal, between West Hythe Dam and Kent. I do not have a registration at this time.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to register my boat for this use?\n\nDocument - Register a boat:\n## Overview\n\nYou usually need to register or licence your boat if you want to keep or use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use to find out.\n\nA boat is:\n\n- any vessel with or without a motor, for example a sailing boat, river boat, canal boat or houseboat\n\n- any \u2018open boat\u2019 such as canoe, paddle board, rowing boat or dinghy\n\nTo get a boat registration you may need:\n\n- insurance\n\n- a Boat Safety Scheme (BSS) certificate\n\nYou must renew each year for the waterway you want to keep or use your boat on. You can buy a visitor registration or licence for shorter periods.\n\n## Carry more than 12 passengers\n\nYou must have a passenger-carrying certificate issued by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency if you want to carry more than 12 passengers.\n\n## Commercial use\n\nYou must apply for a boatmaster\u2019s licence if you want to use your boat commercially.\n\n## Use at sea\n\nYou can register your boat with the UK Ship Register for use at sea.\n\n## Who to contact\n\nRegister or license your boat with the navigation authority responsible for the waterway you want to use.\n\n## Most canals and some rivers, like the Severn, Trent and Ouse\n\nRegister with the Canal & River Trust.\n\n## Norfolk and Suffolk Broads, and adjacent waters\n\nRegister with the Broads Authority.\n\n## River Thames, River Medway, and the rivers of East Anglia\n\nDownload the application form for the waterway you want to use and register with the Environment Agency:\n\n- River Thames\n\n- River Medway\n\n- Anglian waterways (Great Ouse System, River Nene, River Stour, River Ancholme, Black Sluice, River Welland and River Glen)\n\n- Rye Harbour\n\nRiver Thames annual registrations run from 1 January to 31 December. Other registrations run from 1 April to 31 March.\n\n## The Royal Military Canal\n\nYou do not need to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam in Shorncliffe, Kent and Iden Lock in Cliffe End, East Sussex.\n\nContact Shepway District Council to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam and Seabrook.\n\n## Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\nCheck if you need to register your boat with Scottish Canals or NI Direct.\n\n## Other areas\n\nCheck with the Inland Waterways Association to find the navigation authority for other areas.\n\n## Using more than one waterway\n\nYou can buy a \u2018gold licence\u2019 which lets you use all Environment Agency and Canal & River Trust waterways.\n\n## Canoe or rowing boat exemptions\n\nYou may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.\n\nRowing clubs or associations can register a rowing boat for use on some waterways through British Rowing.\n\n## Penalties\n\nAn enforcement officer may put an enforcement notice on your boat if it\u2019s on an inland waterway and:\n\n- it\u2019s not licensed or registered\n\n- it\u2019s not licensed or registered for the waterway you\u2019re using\n\n- your licence or registration is not displayed\n\n- it breaches the terms and conditions of the licence or registration\n\nCheck your licence or registration for additional rules that apply to your waterway.\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a31,000 or have your boat removed if you do not display an up-to-date licence or registration.\n\n## Questions about a penalty notice\n\nContact your navigation authority if you have questions about a penalty notice.\n\n## The UK Ship Register\n\nYou need to register your boat with the UK Ship Register to use it at sea.\n\nWhether you can use the register depends on your citizenship status. Check the eligibility requirements for each part of the UK Ship Register.\n\nThere are 4 different parts of the register. Which part you use depends on what you\u2019re using your boat for:\n\n- Part 1 - commercial or pleasure boats\n\n- Part 2 - fishing boats\n\n- Part 3 - small boats\n\n- Part 4 - charter boats\n\n## Part 1 registration - commercial or pleasure boats\n\nYou can use Part 1 of the register if you have either:\n\n- a commercial boat, unless you plan to use it for fishing\n\n- a \u2018pleasure vessel\u2019 - this means you do not make any money from it\n\nRegistering your boat on Part 1 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to:\n\n- get a marine mortgage against your boat\n\n- spend more than 6 months outside the UK\n\nIt costs \u00a3153 to register for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew. It costs \u00a372 to renew your registration for another 5 years.\n\n## Part 2 registration - fishing boats\n\nUse Part 2 of the register if you\u2019re using your boat to catch and sell fish.\n\nYou can choose from \u2018simple\u2019 or \u2018full\u2019 registration. If you choose full registration you can get a marine mortgage against your boat.\n\nTo register for 5 years it costs:\n\n- \u00a3159 for simple registration\n\n- \u00a3196 for full registration\n\n## Part 3 registration - small boats\n\nUse Part 3 of the register (small ships register) if:\n\n- your boat is less than 24 metres long\n\n- your boat is a pleasure vessel\n\n- you live in the UK for at least 185 days of the year\n\nYou cannot use Part 3 of the register if you\u2019re a business.\n\nRegistering on Part 3 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to prove your boat\u2019s nationality when sailing outside UK waters.\n\nIt costs \u00a335 for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew.\n\n## Part 4 registration - charter boats\n\nUse Part 4 of the register if you plan to hire out (charter) your boat.\n\nIt costs between \u00a335 and \u00a3196 for 5 years. The amount you\u2019ll pay depends on the type of boat you\u2019re registering.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou can register your boat online. You\u2019ll need to create an account if you do not already have one.\n\nIf you own the boat with other people, all owners must have an account before you can register your boat online.\n\nStart now\n\nYou can pay by debit or credit card.\n\nYou can also use the online service to renew, cancel or change the details of your registration.\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- the dimensions of your boat\n\n- the previous registration details of the boat (if it\u2019s been registered before)\n\n- the bill of sale\n\n- the radio signal detail - including your UK radio call sign, Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number and International Maritime Organization (IMO) number\n\n- the builders certificate\n\n- a certificate of survey for tonnage and measurement\n\n- an international tonnage certificate (ITC69)\n\n- safety certificates\n\n## Other ways to register\n\nYou can also register by post. Download and fill in the form for the type of boat you want to register.\n\n## Contact\n\nYou can contact the UK Ship Register by email, phone or post.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a canal boat. I am currently planning to use my boat on the Royal Military Canal, between West Hythe Dam and Kent. I do not have a registration at this time.", + "original_question": "Do I need to register my boat for this use?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1816", + "question": "Scenario: I am the owner of a boat. My boat has been registered, and has an up-to-date licence. An enforcement officer has fined me for not displaying this registration and licence.\n\nQuestion: Can I get this fine removed as I do hold an up-to-date licence and registration?\n\nDocument - Register a boat:\n## Overview\n\nYou usually need to register or licence your boat if you want to keep or use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use to find out.\n\nA boat is:\n\n- any vessel with or without a motor, for example a sailing boat, river boat, canal boat or houseboat\n\n- any \u2018open boat\u2019 such as canoe, paddle board, rowing boat or dinghy\n\nTo get a boat registration you may need:\n\n- insurance\n\n- a Boat Safety Scheme (BSS) certificate\n\nYou must renew each year for the waterway you want to keep or use your boat on. You can buy a visitor registration or licence for shorter periods.\n\n## Carry more than 12 passengers\n\nYou must have a passenger-carrying certificate issued by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency if you want to carry more than 12 passengers.\n\n## Commercial use\n\nYou must apply for a boatmaster\u2019s licence if you want to use your boat commercially.\n\n## Use at sea\n\nYou can register your boat with the UK Ship Register for use at sea.\n\n## Who to contact\n\nRegister or license your boat with the navigation authority responsible for the waterway you want to use.\n\n## Most canals and some rivers, like the Severn, Trent and Ouse\n\nRegister with the Canal & River Trust.\n\n## Norfolk and Suffolk Broads, and adjacent waters\n\nRegister with the Broads Authority.\n\n## River Thames, River Medway, and the rivers of East Anglia\n\nDownload the application form for the waterway you want to use and register with the Environment Agency:\n\n- River Thames\n\n- River Medway\n\n- Anglian waterways (Great Ouse System, River Nene, River Stour, River Ancholme, Black Sluice, River Welland and River Glen)\n\n- Rye Harbour\n\nRiver Thames annual registrations run from 1 January to 31 December. Other registrations run from 1 April to 31 March.\n\n## The Royal Military Canal\n\nYou do not need to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam in Shorncliffe, Kent and Iden Lock in Cliffe End, East Sussex.\n\nContact Shepway District Council to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam and Seabrook.\n\n## Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\nCheck if you need to register your boat with Scottish Canals or NI Direct.\n\n## Other areas\n\nCheck with the Inland Waterways Association to find the navigation authority for other areas.\n\n## Using more than one waterway\n\nYou can buy a \u2018gold licence\u2019 which lets you use all Environment Agency and Canal & River Trust waterways.\n\n## Canoe or rowing boat exemptions\n\nYou may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.\n\nRowing clubs or associations can register a rowing boat for use on some waterways through British Rowing.\n\n## Penalties\n\nAn enforcement officer may put an enforcement notice on your boat if it\u2019s on an inland waterway and:\n\n- it\u2019s not licensed or registered\n\n- it\u2019s not licensed or registered for the waterway you\u2019re using\n\n- your licence or registration is not displayed\n\n- it breaches the terms and conditions of the licence or registration\n\nCheck your licence or registration for additional rules that apply to your waterway.\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a31,000 or have your boat removed if you do not display an up-to-date licence or registration.\n\n## Questions about a penalty notice\n\nContact your navigation authority if you have questions about a penalty notice.\n\n## The UK Ship Register\n\nYou need to register your boat with the UK Ship Register to use it at sea.\n\nWhether you can use the register depends on your citizenship status. Check the eligibility requirements for each part of the UK Ship Register.\n\nThere are 4 different parts of the register. Which part you use depends on what you\u2019re using your boat for:\n\n- Part 1 - commercial or pleasure boats\n\n- Part 2 - fishing boats\n\n- Part 3 - small boats\n\n- Part 4 - charter boats\n\n## Part 1 registration - commercial or pleasure boats\n\nYou can use Part 1 of the register if you have either:\n\n- a commercial boat, unless you plan to use it for fishing\n\n- a \u2018pleasure vessel\u2019 - this means you do not make any money from it\n\nRegistering your boat on Part 1 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to:\n\n- get a marine mortgage against your boat\n\n- spend more than 6 months outside the UK\n\nIt costs \u00a3153 to register for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew. It costs \u00a372 to renew your registration for another 5 years.\n\n## Part 2 registration - fishing boats\n\nUse Part 2 of the register if you\u2019re using your boat to catch and sell fish.\n\nYou can choose from \u2018simple\u2019 or \u2018full\u2019 registration. If you choose full registration you can get a marine mortgage against your boat.\n\nTo register for 5 years it costs:\n\n- \u00a3159 for simple registration\n\n- \u00a3196 for full registration\n\n## Part 3 registration - small boats\n\nUse Part 3 of the register (small ships register) if:\n\n- your boat is less than 24 metres long\n\n- your boat is a pleasure vessel\n\n- you live in the UK for at least 185 days of the year\n\nYou cannot use Part 3 of the register if you\u2019re a business.\n\nRegistering on Part 3 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to prove your boat\u2019s nationality when sailing outside UK waters.\n\nIt costs \u00a335 for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew.\n\n## Part 4 registration - charter boats\n\nUse Part 4 of the register if you plan to hire out (charter) your boat.\n\nIt costs between \u00a335 and \u00a3196 for 5 years. The amount you\u2019ll pay depends on the type of boat you\u2019re registering.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou can register your boat online. You\u2019ll need to create an account if you do not already have one.\n\nIf you own the boat with other people, all owners must have an account before you can register your boat online.\n\nStart now\n\nYou can pay by debit or credit card.\n\nYou can also use the online service to renew, cancel or change the details of your registration.\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- the dimensions of your boat\n\n- the previous registration details of the boat (if it\u2019s been registered before)\n\n- the bill of sale\n\n- the radio signal detail - including your UK radio call sign, Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number and International Maritime Organization (IMO) number\n\n- the builders certificate\n\n- a certificate of survey for tonnage and measurement\n\n- an international tonnage certificate (ITC69)\n\n- safety certificates\n\n## Other ways to register\n\nYou can also register by post. Download and fill in the form for the type of boat you want to register.\n\n## Contact\n\nYou can contact the UK Ship Register by email, phone or post.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the owner of a boat. My boat has been registered, and has an up-to-date licence. An enforcement officer has fined me for not displaying this registration and licence.", + "original_question": "Can I get this fine removed as I do hold an up-to-date licence and registration?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1817", + "question": "Scenario: I had an application to remove a high hedge that is on my land rejected. I want to appeal this decision, which was made two months ago.\n\nQuestion: Am I still able to appeal against this decision?\n\nDocument - Appeal a high hedges decision:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour council makes decisions about high hedges.\n\nYou can appeal against a high hedge remedial notice or the council\u2019s decision not to issue one if you either:\n\n- complained to the council about the hedge\n\n- own, rent or occupy the land that the hedge is on\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 28 days of:\n\n- the remedial notice\n\n- your council\u2019s decision either to take no action, or to change an existing remedial notice (withdraw, waive or relax)\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nOnce your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 34 weeks.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nFill in a high hedges appeal form.\n\nYou also need:\n\n- a copy of the council\u2019s decision\n\n- the remedial notice (if the council have issued one)\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal\n\nEmail these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nYour appeal will be decided based on the information you send and a site visit. Your case officer will write to you if they require additional information.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get a decision within 34 weeks.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-high-hedges-decision", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I had an application to remove a high hedge that is on my land rejected. I want to appeal this decision, which was made two months ago.", + "original_question": "Am I still able to appeal against this decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1818", + "question": "Scenario: I have appealed against a rejection for my application to have a high hedge on my land. \n\nQuestion: Will I site inspection be needed for the appeal process?\n\nDocument - Appeal a high hedges decision:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour council makes decisions about high hedges.\n\nYou can appeal against a high hedge remedial notice or the council\u2019s decision not to issue one if you either:\n\n- complained to the council about the hedge\n\n- own, rent or occupy the land that the hedge is on\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 28 days of:\n\n- the remedial notice\n\n- your council\u2019s decision either to take no action, or to change an existing remedial notice (withdraw, waive or relax)\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nOnce your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 34 weeks.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nFill in a high hedges appeal form.\n\nYou also need:\n\n- a copy of the council\u2019s decision\n\n- the remedial notice (if the council have issued one)\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal\n\nEmail these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nYour appeal will be decided based on the information you send and a site visit. Your case officer will write to you if they require additional information.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get a decision within 34 weeks.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-high-hedges-decision", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have appealed against a rejection for my application to have a high hedge on my land. ", + "original_question": "Will I site inspection be needed for the appeal process?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1819", + "question": "Scenario: My brother works full time. He has lived with his wife for 10 years together in their rented flat and has been paying full council tax bills. Currently have divorced and don't live together anymore.\n\nQuestion: Does he pay the full council tax bill now that he lives alone?\n\nDocument - Council Tax:\n## Working out your Council Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know 3 things:\n\n- the valuation band for your home in England and Wales or in Scotland\n\n- how much your local council charges for that band\n\n- whether you can get a discount or exemption from the full bill\n\nYou may be able to get Council Tax Reduction (this used to be called Council Tax Benefit) if you\u2019re on a low income or get benefits.\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think your home is in the wrong valuation band.\n\n## Changes that may affect your Council Tax band\n\nYour property may be revalued and put in a different band in some circumstances, for example if:\n\n- you demolish part of your property and do not rebuild it\n\n- you alter your property to create 2 or more self-contained units, for example an annexe - each unit will have its own band\n\n- you split a single property into self-contained flats\n\n- you convert flats into a single property\n\n- you start or stop working from home\n\n- the previous owner made changes to your property\n\n- there are significant changes to your local area, like a new road being built\n\n- a similar property in your area has its Council Tax band changed\n\nAsk the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you want to know if changes to your property will affect your Council Tax band.\n\n## Who has to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax if you\u2019re 18 or over and own or rent a home.\n\nA full Council Tax bill is based on at least 2 adults living in a home. Spouses and partners who live together are jointly responsible for paying the bill.\n\nYou\u2019ll get 25% off your bill if you count as an adult for Council Tax and either:\n\n- you live on your own\n\n- no-one else in your home counts as an adult\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a 50% discount if no-one living in your home, including you, counts as an adult.\n\nYou will not have to pay any Council Tax if everyone in your home, including you, is a full-time student.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Who does not count as an adult?\n\nThese people are not counted as adults for Council Tax:\n\n- children under 18\n\n- people on some apprentice schemes\n\n- 18 and 19-year-olds in full-time education\n\n- full-time college and university students\n\n- young people under 25 who get funding from the Skills Funding Agency or Young People\u2019s Learning Agency\n\n- student nurses\n\n- foreign language assistants registered with the British Council\n\n- people with a severe mental impairment\n\n- live-in carers who look after someone who is not their partner, spouse, or child under 18\n\n- diplomats\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019re unsure about whether you can get a discount or who\u2019s responsible for paying.\n\n## People on apprentice schemes\n\nTo show that you do not qualify as an adult for Council Tax, you\u2019ll need a declaration from your employer stating that:\n\n- you will not be paid more than \u00a3195 a week\n\n- the training leads to a qualification accredited by a body recognised by the Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation (Ofqual) or the Scottish Vocational Education Council (SVEC)\n\n## If you get a Council Tax discount by mistake\n\nYou must tell your council. If you do not, you could get a fine.\n\nThe council may ask you to pay back the discount.\n\n## Discounts for full-time students\n\nHouseholds where everyone\u2019s a full-time student do not have to pay Council Tax. If you do get a bill, you can apply for an exemption.\n\nTo count as a full-time student, your course must:\n\n- last at least 1 year\n\n- involve at least 21 hours study per week\n\nIf you study for a qualification up to A level and you\u2019re under 20, your course must:\n\n- last at least 3 months\n\n- involve at least 12 hours study per week\n\nYou\u2019ll get a Council Tax bill if there\u2019s someone in your household who\u2019s not a full-time student, but your household might still qualify for a discount.\n\n## Discounts for disabled people\n\nPeople who are severely mentally impaired are not included when working out Council Tax.\n\nYou also are not included if you\u2019re a live-in carer looking after someone who is not your partner, spouse, or child under 18.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Disabled Band Reduction Scheme\n\nYou may be eligible for the scheme if you live in a larger property than you would need if you or another occupant were not disabled.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve either:\n\n- an extra bathroom, kitchen or other room that you need for the disabled person\n\n- extra space inside the property for using a wheelchair\n\nThe property must be the main home of at least 1 disabled person. This can be an adult or a child - it does not have to be the person responsible for paying the Council Tax.\n\nCheck if you qualify for the scheme.\n\n## Second homes and empty properties\n\nYou may be able to get a discount if you have a second home or an empty property - it\u2019s up to your council to decide.\n\nCouncils can charge extra Council Tax for empty properties.\n\n## Second homes\n\nYou may pay less Council Tax for a property you own or rent that\u2019s not your main home.\n\nCouncils can give furnished second homes or holiday homes a discount of up to 50%. Contact your council to find out if you can get a discount - it\u2019s up to them how much you can get.\n\n## Empty properties\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax on an empty home, but your council can decide to give you a discount - the amount is up to them. Contact your council to ask about a discount.\n\nYou can be charged up to double your Council Tax if your home has been empty for 2 years or more (unless it\u2019s an annexe or you\u2019re in the armed forces).\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland.\n\n## When you do not pay Council Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re selling a property on behalf of an owner who\u2019s died, you won\u2019t need to pay Council Tax until after you get probate as long as the property remains empty. After probate is granted, you may be able to get a Council Tax exemption for another 6 months if the property is both:\n\n- unoccupied\n\n- still owned and in the name of the person who died\n\nSome homes do not get a Council Tax bill for as long as they stay empty. They include homes:\n\n- of someone in prison (except for not paying a fine or Council Tax)\n\n- of someone who\u2019s moved into a care home or hospital\n\n- that have been repossessed\n\n- that cannot be lived in by law, for example if they\u2019re derelict\n\n- that are empty because they\u2019ve been compulsory purchased and will be demolished\n\nYou may get a discount if your home is undergoing major repair work or structural changes, for example your walls are being rebuilt.\n\n## If your property\u2019s been refurbished\n\nYour council will tell you when you have to start paying Council Tax if you\u2019ve been carrying out major home improvements on an empty property or building a new property.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018completion notice\u2019 that tells you the date you must start paying Council Tax.\n\n## If your property\u2019s derelict\n\nYour property\u2019s only considered derelict if it:\n\n- is not possible to live in it, for example because it\u2019s been damaged by weather, rot or vandalism\n\n- would need major structural works to make it \u2018wind and watertight\u2019 again\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think a derelict property should be removed from the Council Tax valuation list.\n\n## Paying your bill\n\nYour Council Tax bill tells you:\n\n- how much you have to pay for the year\n\n- how that amount has been worked out\n\n- the dates you have to pay\n\nThe cost is usually split into 10 monthly payments. Contact your council immediately if you\u2019re having trouble paying - they can help you, for example by spreading your payments over 12 months instead of 10.\n\nThe council can take action to reclaim any debts you owe if you get behind with your payments.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nYou can usually pay your Council Tax online.\n\nYou can also use \u2018Paypoint\u2019, \u2018Payzone\u2019 or \u2018Quickcards\u2019 for cash payments at post offices, banks, newsagents and convenience stores.\n\nCheck your bill to find out which other payment methods you can use.\n\n## If you\u2019ve overpaid\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019ve paid too much Council Tax and have not received an automatic refund.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother works full time. He has lived with his wife for 10 years together in their rented flat and has been paying full council tax bills. Currently have divorced and don't live together anymore.", + "original_question": "Does he pay the full council tax bill now that he lives alone?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1820", + "question": "Scenario: My Aunt is mentally disabled after she was diagnosed with dementia . She lives in my father's flat but is under full attendance care.\n\nQuestion: Can she count as an adult when paying council tax bill?\n\nDocument - Council Tax:\n## Working out your Council Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know 3 things:\n\n- the valuation band for your home in England and Wales or in Scotland\n\n- how much your local council charges for that band\n\n- whether you can get a discount or exemption from the full bill\n\nYou may be able to get Council Tax Reduction (this used to be called Council Tax Benefit) if you\u2019re on a low income or get benefits.\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think your home is in the wrong valuation band.\n\n## Changes that may affect your Council Tax band\n\nYour property may be revalued and put in a different band in some circumstances, for example if:\n\n- you demolish part of your property and do not rebuild it\n\n- you alter your property to create 2 or more self-contained units, for example an annexe - each unit will have its own band\n\n- you split a single property into self-contained flats\n\n- you convert flats into a single property\n\n- you start or stop working from home\n\n- the previous owner made changes to your property\n\n- there are significant changes to your local area, like a new road being built\n\n- a similar property in your area has its Council Tax band changed\n\nAsk the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you want to know if changes to your property will affect your Council Tax band.\n\n## Who has to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax if you\u2019re 18 or over and own or rent a home.\n\nA full Council Tax bill is based on at least 2 adults living in a home. Spouses and partners who live together are jointly responsible for paying the bill.\n\nYou\u2019ll get 25% off your bill if you count as an adult for Council Tax and either:\n\n- you live on your own\n\n- no-one else in your home counts as an adult\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a 50% discount if no-one living in your home, including you, counts as an adult.\n\nYou will not have to pay any Council Tax if everyone in your home, including you, is a full-time student.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Who does not count as an adult?\n\nThese people are not counted as adults for Council Tax:\n\n- children under 18\n\n- people on some apprentice schemes\n\n- 18 and 19-year-olds in full-time education\n\n- full-time college and university students\n\n- young people under 25 who get funding from the Skills Funding Agency or Young People\u2019s Learning Agency\n\n- student nurses\n\n- foreign language assistants registered with the British Council\n\n- people with a severe mental impairment\n\n- live-in carers who look after someone who is not their partner, spouse, or child under 18\n\n- diplomats\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019re unsure about whether you can get a discount or who\u2019s responsible for paying.\n\n## People on apprentice schemes\n\nTo show that you do not qualify as an adult for Council Tax, you\u2019ll need a declaration from your employer stating that:\n\n- you will not be paid more than \u00a3195 a week\n\n- the training leads to a qualification accredited by a body recognised by the Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation (Ofqual) or the Scottish Vocational Education Council (SVEC)\n\n## If you get a Council Tax discount by mistake\n\nYou must tell your council. If you do not, you could get a fine.\n\nThe council may ask you to pay back the discount.\n\n## Discounts for full-time students\n\nHouseholds where everyone\u2019s a full-time student do not have to pay Council Tax. If you do get a bill, you can apply for an exemption.\n\nTo count as a full-time student, your course must:\n\n- last at least 1 year\n\n- involve at least 21 hours study per week\n\nIf you study for a qualification up to A level and you\u2019re under 20, your course must:\n\n- last at least 3 months\n\n- involve at least 12 hours study per week\n\nYou\u2019ll get a Council Tax bill if there\u2019s someone in your household who\u2019s not a full-time student, but your household might still qualify for a discount.\n\n## Discounts for disabled people\n\nPeople who are severely mentally impaired are not included when working out Council Tax.\n\nYou also are not included if you\u2019re a live-in carer looking after someone who is not your partner, spouse, or child under 18.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Disabled Band Reduction Scheme\n\nYou may be eligible for the scheme if you live in a larger property than you would need if you or another occupant were not disabled.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve either:\n\n- an extra bathroom, kitchen or other room that you need for the disabled person\n\n- extra space inside the property for using a wheelchair\n\nThe property must be the main home of at least 1 disabled person. This can be an adult or a child - it does not have to be the person responsible for paying the Council Tax.\n\nCheck if you qualify for the scheme.\n\n## Second homes and empty properties\n\nYou may be able to get a discount if you have a second home or an empty property - it\u2019s up to your council to decide.\n\nCouncils can charge extra Council Tax for empty properties.\n\n## Second homes\n\nYou may pay less Council Tax for a property you own or rent that\u2019s not your main home.\n\nCouncils can give furnished second homes or holiday homes a discount of up to 50%. Contact your council to find out if you can get a discount - it\u2019s up to them how much you can get.\n\n## Empty properties\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax on an empty home, but your council can decide to give you a discount - the amount is up to them. Contact your council to ask about a discount.\n\nYou can be charged up to double your Council Tax if your home has been empty for 2 years or more (unless it\u2019s an annexe or you\u2019re in the armed forces).\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland.\n\n## When you do not pay Council Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re selling a property on behalf of an owner who\u2019s died, you won\u2019t need to pay Council Tax until after you get probate as long as the property remains empty. After probate is granted, you may be able to get a Council Tax exemption for another 6 months if the property is both:\n\n- unoccupied\n\n- still owned and in the name of the person who died\n\nSome homes do not get a Council Tax bill for as long as they stay empty. They include homes:\n\n- of someone in prison (except for not paying a fine or Council Tax)\n\n- of someone who\u2019s moved into a care home or hospital\n\n- that have been repossessed\n\n- that cannot be lived in by law, for example if they\u2019re derelict\n\n- that are empty because they\u2019ve been compulsory purchased and will be demolished\n\nYou may get a discount if your home is undergoing major repair work or structural changes, for example your walls are being rebuilt.\n\n## If your property\u2019s been refurbished\n\nYour council will tell you when you have to start paying Council Tax if you\u2019ve been carrying out major home improvements on an empty property or building a new property.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018completion notice\u2019 that tells you the date you must start paying Council Tax.\n\n## If your property\u2019s derelict\n\nYour property\u2019s only considered derelict if it:\n\n- is not possible to live in it, for example because it\u2019s been damaged by weather, rot or vandalism\n\n- would need major structural works to make it \u2018wind and watertight\u2019 again\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think a derelict property should be removed from the Council Tax valuation list.\n\n## Paying your bill\n\nYour Council Tax bill tells you:\n\n- how much you have to pay for the year\n\n- how that amount has been worked out\n\n- the dates you have to pay\n\nThe cost is usually split into 10 monthly payments. Contact your council immediately if you\u2019re having trouble paying - they can help you, for example by spreading your payments over 12 months instead of 10.\n\nThe council can take action to reclaim any debts you owe if you get behind with your payments.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nYou can usually pay your Council Tax online.\n\nYou can also use \u2018Paypoint\u2019, \u2018Payzone\u2019 or \u2018Quickcards\u2019 for cash payments at post offices, banks, newsagents and convenience stores.\n\nCheck your bill to find out which other payment methods you can use.\n\n## If you\u2019ve overpaid\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019ve paid too much Council Tax and have not received an automatic refund.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Aunt is mentally disabled after she was diagnosed with dementia . She lives in my father's flat but is under full attendance care.", + "original_question": "Can she count as an adult when paying council tax bill?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1821", + "question": "Scenario: I want to cut down a tree with a tree preservation order in my garden. After the survey it has seen to cause a crack in my house walls. The local council has not been helpful to me as they told me it is a preserved tree.\n\nQuestion: Can i appeal?\n\nDocument - Appeal a decision about a tree preservation order:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour council makes decisions about work on trees protected by preservation orders.\n\nYou can appeal if you applied to cut down or carry out work on a protected tree and:\n\n- you disagree with the decision\n\n- a decision was not made within 8 weeks\n\nYou can also appeal if you disagree with a tree replacement notice you\u2019ve been given.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal:\n\n- within 28 days of the date on the council\u2019s decision notice\n\n- before the date the tree replacement notice comes into effect\n\nThere\u2019s no deadline if you\u2019re appealing because your application was not decided within 8 weeks.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nOnce your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 27 weeks.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nFill in a tree preservation order appeal form or a tree replacement notice appeal form.\n\nYou also need:\n\n- a copy of the council\u2019s decision or notice\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal\n\nEmail these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nTheir decision about your appeal will be based on:\n\n- the information you send\n\n- a site visit\n\n- your council\u2019s documents, for example the tree preservation order\n\nYour case officer will write to you if they need more information.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get a decision within 27 weeks.\n\n## Interested parties\n\nThe council may decide to contact anyone who commented on your original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019). Your case officer will consider the statements any interested parties made.\n\nInterested parties cannot make any further comments during the appeal but can withdraw their original statement.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. However, you might have to pay another party\u2019s costs too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-about-tree-order", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to cut down a tree with a tree preservation order in my garden. After the survey it has seen to cause a crack in my house walls. The local council has not been helpful to me as they told me it is a preserved tree.", + "original_question": "Can i appeal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1826", + "question": "Scenario: I want to sell my home. The house is believed to be worth \u00a3450,000. The property was bought on the 30th September 2013. It is my main home.\n\nQuestion: How much tax will I pay for selling this house?\n\nDocument - Buying or selling your home:\n## Overview\n\nBuying or selling a home normally takes 2 to 3 months. The process can take longer if you\u2019re part of a chain of buyers and sellers.\n\nThere are several steps you\u2019ll need to follow:\n\n- sellers must provide an Energy Performance Certificate for the property\n\n- if a seller is using an estate agent, potential buyers must make any offers through the agent\n\n- once a buyer\u2019s offer has been accepted, the seller\u2019s responsible for drawing up a legal contract to transfer ownership\n\n- an offer is not legally binding until contracts are exchanged\n\n- depending on the amount given for property, the buyer may have to pay tax\n\nThis guide relates to England and Wales. Shelter has advice about buying and selling a home in Scotland.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying property with someone else\n\nYou can own a home with up to 3 other people. Find out more about the different types of joint property ownership.\n\n## Energy Performance Certificates\n\nEnergy Performance Certificates (EPCs) are needed whenever a property is:\n\n- built\n\n- sold\n\n- rented\n\nYou must order an EPC for potential buyers and tenants before you market your property to sell or rent.\n\nIn Scotland, you must display the EPC somewhere in the property, for example in the meter cupboard or next to the boiler.\n\nAn EPC contains:\n\n- information about a property\u2019s energy use and typical energy costs\n\n- recommendations about how to reduce energy use and save money\n\nAn EPC gives a property an energy efficiency rating from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient) and is valid for 10 years.\n\nCheck how you could make your home more energy efficient using the Energy Savings Trust\u2019s home energy check.\n\n## How to get an EPC\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find an accredited assessor if you\u2019re selling or renting out your home in:\n\n- England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\n- Scotland\n\nThey\u2019ll assess your property and produce the certificate.\n\nYou can be fined if you do not get an EPC when you need one.\n\nThe person selling the house, the landlord or the letting agent must show you the EPC if you\u2019re buying or renting.\n\n## Buildings that do not need an EPC\n\nThese include:\n\n- places of worship\n\n- temporary buildings that will be used for less than 2 years\n\n- stand-alone buildings with total useful floor space of less than 50 square metres\n\n- industrial sites, workshops and non-residential agricultural buildings that do not use a lot of energy\n\n- some buildings that are due to be demolished\n\n- holiday accommodation that\u2019s rented out for less than 4 months a year or is let under a licence to occupy\n\n- listed buildings - you should get advice from your local authority conservation officer if the work would alter the building\u2019s character\n\n- residential buildings intended to be used less than 4 months a year\n\n## See other properties\u2019 EPCs\n\nYou can look at the EPCs of other properties free of charge. This lets you compare your home\u2019s energy performance with that of similar homes. You can search by the property\u2019s address or by the EPC\u2019s report reference number..\n\nYou can opt out of the EPC register if you do not want other people to be able to see your EPC.\n\n## Estate agents\n\nYou must sign a legally binding contract with an estate agent if you use one to sell your home.\n\nYou must stick to the terms of the contract or you could be taken to court.\n\nEstate agents must also treat buyers fairly. They must show any offers promptly and in writing to the person selling the house.\n\nEstate agents are also legally obliged to pass on any other offers for the property right up to when contracts are exchanged.\n\n## Complain about an estate agent\n\nYou must complain to the estate agent first and give them a fair chance to sort out your complaint. If they do not, you can complain to one of the following schemes:\n\n- The Property Ombudsman\n\n- Property Redress Scheme\n\nAsk the estate agent which scheme they belong to.\n\n## Offers\n\nA buyer must make an offer through the estate agent if a home is sold through one.\n\nA buyer can make their offer directly to the seller for a private sale.\n\nBuyers can make offers verbally (over the phone or in person) or in writing.\n\nAn offer is not legally binding in England and Wales until contracts are exchanged.\n\nIf a buyer makes an offer \u2018subject to contract\u2019, this means the price can still be negotiated (for example if a survey finds a problem with the property).\n\nThe law is different if you\u2019re making an offer for property in Scotland.\n\n## Transferring ownership (conveyancing)\n\n## Once the offer is accepted\n\nThe seller is responsible for drawing up a legal contract to transfer ownership.\n\nThe contract contains details about:\n\n- the sale price\n\n- the property boundaries\n\n- which fixtures and fittings (like carpets and kitchen units) are included\n\n- any legal restrictions or rights, like public footpaths or rules about using the property\n\n- any planning restrictions\n\n- services to the property, like drainage and gas\n\n- when the sale will complete\n\nIf the seller has hired a solicitor or conveyancer, they will:\n\n- draft the initial contract\n\n- answer questions from the buyer\u2019s solicitor or conveyancer (with the seller\u2019s help)\n\n- negotiate the details of the contract if necessary\n\n## Exchanging contracts\n\nWhen the buyer and seller are happy with the contract, both sides sign final copies and send them to each other.\n\nThe agreement to sell and buy is legally binding once this happens. Usually neither party can pull out without paying compensation.\n\n## Completion\n\nOnce you exchange contracts and deal with any remaining checks the buyer has asked for:\n\n- The money is transferred from the buyer to the seller.\n\n- The legal documents needed to transfer ownership are handed over to the buyer.\n\n- The seller moves out and leaves the property in the state agreed in the contract.\n\n- The seller hands over the keys to the buyer.\n\n- The property now belongs to the buyer.\n\nCitizens Advice has more advice about buying or selling your home.\n\n## Tax\n\nYou may need to pay:\n\n- Stamp Duty Land Tax when you buy a home in England\n\n- Land Transaction Tax when you buy a home in Wales\n\n- Capital Gains Tax when you sell a home\n\n## Stamp Duty Land Tax\n\n## If you buy between 8 July 2020 and 30 June 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3500,000 for the property.\n\n## If you buy between 1 July 2021 and 30 September 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3250,000 for the property.\n\n## If you buy from 1 October 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3125,000 for the property. This threshold also applies to any property bought before 8 July 2020.\n\nYou still have to pay if you swap something of economic value for a property, for example shares or another property.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying your first home\n\nFrom 1 July 2021 you do not have to pay SDLT if the property is \u00a3300,000 or less.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it\n\n- you have not let part of it out or used part of it for business only\n\n- the grounds, including the buildings, are smaller than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre)\n\nThis is because you automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief. You do not need to do anything.\n\nIf you do not meet all these criteria you may have to pay some Capital Gains Tax.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to sell my home. The house is believed to be worth \u00a3450,000. The property was bought on the 30th September 2013. It is my main home.", + "original_question": "How much tax will I pay for selling this house?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1827", + "question": "Scenario: I am planning to rent out my home on a short-term basis. I am uncertain as to whether I will need to use it again in the future, and so I want the option to be able to terminate my tenant's rent at any time.\n\nQuestion: Is there an agreement that can be made with the tenant for this purpose?\n\nDocument - Tenancy agreements: a guide for landlords (England and Wales):\n## Overview\n\nA tenancy agreement is a contract between you and your tenants. It sets out the legal terms and conditions of the tenancy. It can be written down or oral.\n\nA tenancy can either be:\n\n- fixed-term (running for a set period of time)\n\n- periodic (running on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis)\n\n## Rights and responsibilities\n\nBoth you and your tenants have certain rights and responsibilities, whether or not there is a tenancy agreement.\n\n## Tenancy types\n\n## Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)\n\nThe most common form of tenancy is an AST. Most new tenancies are automatically this type.\n\nA tenancy can be an AST if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a private landlord or housing association\n\n- the tenancy started on or after 15 January 1989\n\n- the property is your tenants\u2019 main accommodation\n\n- you do not live in the property\n\nA tenancy cannot be an AST if:\n\n- it began or was agreed before 15 January 1989\n\n- the rent is more than \u00a3100,000 a year\n\n- the rent is less than \u00a3250 a year (less than \u00a31,000 in London)\n\n- it\u2019s a business tenancy or tenancy of licensed premises\n\n- it\u2019s a holiday let\n\n- the landlord is a local council\n\n## Other tenancies\n\nThere are other tenancies that are not as common as ASTs, including:\n\n- excluded tenancies or licences\n\n- assured tenancies\n\n- regulated tenancies\n\n## Excluded tenancies or licences\n\nIf you have a lodger living in your home and share rooms with them, like a kitchen or bathroom, you may have one of these. This usually gives your lodger less protection from eviction than other types of agreement.\n\n## Assured tenancies\n\nTenancies starting between 15 January 1989 and 27 February 1997 may be assured. Your tenants have increased protection from eviction with this type of agreement.\n\n## Regulated tenancies\n\nTenancies starting before 15 January 1989 may be regulated. Your tenants have increased protection from eviction and can apply for a \u2018fair rent\u2019.\n\n## What you should include in a tenancy agreement\n\nThe tenancy agreement should include:\n\n- the names of all people involved\n\n- the rental price and how it\u2019s paid\n\n- information on how and when the rent will be reviewed\n\n- the deposit amount and how it will be protected\n\n- when the deposit can be fully or partly withheld, for example to repair damage caused by tenants\n\n- the property address\n\n- the start and end date of the tenancy\n\n- any tenant or landlord obligations\n\n- which bills your tenants are responsible for\n\nIt can also include information on:\n\n- whether the tenancy can be ended early and how this can be done\n\n- who\u2019s responsible for minor repairs (other than those that the landlord is legally responsible for)\n\n- whether the property can be let to someone else (sublet) or have lodgers\n\nThe terms of the tenancy must be fair and comply with the law. You can use a model agreement as a template.\n\nYou cannot have anything in your tenancy agreement that may indirectly discriminate against your tenants.\n\n## Changes to tenancy agreements\n\nYou must get the agreement of your tenants if you want to make changes to the terms of their tenancy agreement.\n\n## Preventing discrimination\n\nYou cannot discriminate against or harass your tenants on the grounds of:\n\n- age\n\n- being or becoming a transsexual person\n\n- being married or in a civil partnership\n\n- being pregnant or on maternity leave\n\n- disability\n\n- race including colour, nationality, ethnic or national origin\n\n- religion, belief or lack of religion or belief\n\n- sex\n\n- sexual orientation\n\n## If you get managed payments from your local council\n\nWhen your tenants move to Universal Credit, you can help them set up their new rent payments.\n\nYou can read more about Universal Credit and how it affects landlords.\n\n## Ending a tenancy\n\nIf you want your tenants to leave, you must give them notice in a particular way, including certain information and warnings. This depends on the type of tenancy agreement and its terms.\n\n## Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)\n\nIn some circumstances, you can take back your property without giving any reason. To do this, and all of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve protected your tenants\u2019 deposit in a deposit protection scheme\n\n- the date they must leave is at least 6 months after the original tenancy began (the one they signed on first moving in)\n\n- they have a periodic tenancy - or they have a fixed-term tenancy and you are not asking them to leave before the end of the fixed term\n\n## How much notice you need to give\n\nYou must give your tenants written notice that you want the property back (\u2018notice to quit\u2019) and the date they must leave. The notice period you give them must be at least:\n\n- 2 months if you gave notice before 26 March 2020\n\n- 3 months if you gave notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020\n\n- 6 months if you gave notice on or after 29 August 2020\n\nIf you gave a section 8 notice, the notice period is sometimes shorter, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\nThis change is because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## During the fixed term\n\nIf you\u2019re still in the fixed term, you can only ask your tenants to leave if you have a reason for wanting possession that\u2019s in the Housing Act 1988.\n\nExamples of reasons include:\n\n- your tenants are behind with rent payments (\u2018in arrears\u2019)\n\n- your tenants have used the property for illegal purposes, for example selling drugs\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice before 26 March 2020, you would have needed to give them up to 2 months to leave, depending on the reason.\n\nBecause of coronavirus, in most cases you must now give them a longer notice period.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, period must have been at least 3 months.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice on or after 29 August 2020, the notice period must be at least 6 months. It can be shorter in some cases, for example if you evict them for antisocial behaviour.\n\nThe Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government has information on reasons for possession for a property let on an AST.\n\n## Assured tenancies\n\nYou will need to use one of the reasons for possession in the Housing Act 1988.\n\n## Excluded tenancies or licences\n\nIf you live with a lodger and share rooms with them, you\u2019ll often have an excluded tenancy or licence.\n\nIn this case, you only need to give \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. Usually this means the length of the rental payment period \u2013 so if you collect rent monthly, you\u2019ll need to give 1 month\u2019s notice.\n\nThe notice does not have to be in writing.\n\n## Non-excluded tenancy or licence\n\nYou can end the agreement at any time by serving a written \u2018notice to quit\u2019. The notice period will depend on the tenancy or agreement, but it\u2019s usually at least 4 weeks.\n\n## Break clauses\n\nIf there\u2019s a break clause in the tenancy agreement, you can give your tenants notice after this. However, you do not have a guaranteed right to possession during the first 6 months of the tenancy.\n\n## If your tenant does not leave the property\n\nYou cannot remove your tenants by force. If the notice period expires and your tenants do not leave the property, you can start the process of eviction through the courts.\n\n## If your tenants want to leave\n\n## Tenancies\n\nThe tenancy agreement should say how much notice your tenants need to give before they can leave the property.\n\nTenants are responsible for paying rent for their entire fixed-term tenancy. They can move out early without paying rent for the full tenancy if:\n\n- there is a break clause in their tenancy agreement\n\n- you agree to ending the tenancy early\n\nThey can also leave if their tenancy is up after giving their notice (whether it is fixed-term or not).\n\n## Licence agreements\n\nIf the licence automatically runs out after a specific date and your lodger wants to end the agreement, they should let you know this before the licence runs out.\n\n## If your tenant dies without an executor or a will\n\nThe tenancy is transferred temporarily to the Public Trustee if a tenant dies:\n\n- without a will\n\n- with a will but without an executor\n\nYou cannot take back a property automatically even if the tenancy was due to end.\n\nYou may be fined if you try to repossess a property without following the rules.\n\n## Reclaim your property\n\nYou must:\n\n- post or deliver a letter to the tenant\u2019s last known address saying you\u2019re giving written notice\n\n- email a copy of your notice and a completed NL1 form to the Public Trustee\n\n- pay an application fee to the Public Trustee to register the notice\n\n## Give notice\n\nAddress the written notice to: \u201cThe Personal Representative of [full name of the tenant who died] of [last known address for the tenant who died]\u201d.\n\n## Email the notice and NL1 form to the Public Trustee\n\nOrder a NL1 application form to register a notice from OyezStore or from Shaws. The form costs no more than \u00a38.26.\n\nYou\u2019ll get it by post. Email a copy of the notice and a scan of your completed NL1 form to osptcontrolunit@ospt.gov.uk.\n\nYou must buy a new form for each application - you cannot use a photocopy. You can make your own version of the form, as long as it\u2019s laid out in the same way and includes all the relevant information.\n\n## Pay the application fee\n\nIt costs \u00a340 to register the notice. You can only pay by Bacs. Transfer the fee to the following account:\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 80 26 50 | 10014069 | The Public Trustee |\n\nInclude the name of the deceased in the payment reference.\n\n## Get a decision about your application\n\nThe Public Trustee will register or reject your application. You should get an email within 15 working days of the Public Trustee getting your application and payment.\n\nIf your application is registered, you\u2019ll be told the date it was put in the register.\n\nIf your application is rejected, for example because it\u2019s incomplete, you\u2019ll be told why the Public Trustee cannot register it.\n\nYou can search the Public Trustee\u2019s register if your notice is registered, for example to check that you can legally rent the property again or sell it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-agreements-a-guide-for-landlords", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am planning to rent out my home on a short-term basis. I am uncertain as to whether I will need to use it again in the future, and so I want the option to be able to terminate my tenant's rent at any time.", + "original_question": "Is there an agreement that can be made with the tenant for this purpose?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1828", + "question": "Scenario: I am a landlord who has a tenant that signed a two-year contract. The tenant has died. He had no will nor executor. This has left me confused about what to do with the property.\n\nQuestion: Do I automatically come back into possession of the property?\n\nDocument - Tenancy agreements: a guide for landlords (England and Wales):\n## Overview\n\nA tenancy agreement is a contract between you and your tenants. It sets out the legal terms and conditions of the tenancy. It can be written down or oral.\n\nA tenancy can either be:\n\n- fixed-term (running for a set period of time)\n\n- periodic (running on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis)\n\n## Rights and responsibilities\n\nBoth you and your tenants have certain rights and responsibilities, whether or not there is a tenancy agreement.\n\n## Tenancy types\n\n## Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)\n\nThe most common form of tenancy is an AST. Most new tenancies are automatically this type.\n\nA tenancy can be an AST if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a private landlord or housing association\n\n- the tenancy started on or after 15 January 1989\n\n- the property is your tenants\u2019 main accommodation\n\n- you do not live in the property\n\nA tenancy cannot be an AST if:\n\n- it began or was agreed before 15 January 1989\n\n- the rent is more than \u00a3100,000 a year\n\n- the rent is less than \u00a3250 a year (less than \u00a31,000 in London)\n\n- it\u2019s a business tenancy or tenancy of licensed premises\n\n- it\u2019s a holiday let\n\n- the landlord is a local council\n\n## Other tenancies\n\nThere are other tenancies that are not as common as ASTs, including:\n\n- excluded tenancies or licences\n\n- assured tenancies\n\n- regulated tenancies\n\n## Excluded tenancies or licences\n\nIf you have a lodger living in your home and share rooms with them, like a kitchen or bathroom, you may have one of these. This usually gives your lodger less protection from eviction than other types of agreement.\n\n## Assured tenancies\n\nTenancies starting between 15 January 1989 and 27 February 1997 may be assured. Your tenants have increased protection from eviction with this type of agreement.\n\n## Regulated tenancies\n\nTenancies starting before 15 January 1989 may be regulated. Your tenants have increased protection from eviction and can apply for a \u2018fair rent\u2019.\n\n## What you should include in a tenancy agreement\n\nThe tenancy agreement should include:\n\n- the names of all people involved\n\n- the rental price and how it\u2019s paid\n\n- information on how and when the rent will be reviewed\n\n- the deposit amount and how it will be protected\n\n- when the deposit can be fully or partly withheld, for example to repair damage caused by tenants\n\n- the property address\n\n- the start and end date of the tenancy\n\n- any tenant or landlord obligations\n\n- which bills your tenants are responsible for\n\nIt can also include information on:\n\n- whether the tenancy can be ended early and how this can be done\n\n- who\u2019s responsible for minor repairs (other than those that the landlord is legally responsible for)\n\n- whether the property can be let to someone else (sublet) or have lodgers\n\nThe terms of the tenancy must be fair and comply with the law. You can use a model agreement as a template.\n\nYou cannot have anything in your tenancy agreement that may indirectly discriminate against your tenants.\n\n## Changes to tenancy agreements\n\nYou must get the agreement of your tenants if you want to make changes to the terms of their tenancy agreement.\n\n## Preventing discrimination\n\nYou cannot discriminate against or harass your tenants on the grounds of:\n\n- age\n\n- being or becoming a transsexual person\n\n- being married or in a civil partnership\n\n- being pregnant or on maternity leave\n\n- disability\n\n- race including colour, nationality, ethnic or national origin\n\n- religion, belief or lack of religion or belief\n\n- sex\n\n- sexual orientation\n\n## If you get managed payments from your local council\n\nWhen your tenants move to Universal Credit, you can help them set up their new rent payments.\n\nYou can read more about Universal Credit and how it affects landlords.\n\n## Ending a tenancy\n\nIf you want your tenants to leave, you must give them notice in a particular way, including certain information and warnings. This depends on the type of tenancy agreement and its terms.\n\n## Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)\n\nIn some circumstances, you can take back your property without giving any reason. To do this, and all of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve protected your tenants\u2019 deposit in a deposit protection scheme\n\n- the date they must leave is at least 6 months after the original tenancy began (the one they signed on first moving in)\n\n- they have a periodic tenancy - or they have a fixed-term tenancy and you are not asking them to leave before the end of the fixed term\n\n## How much notice you need to give\n\nYou must give your tenants written notice that you want the property back (\u2018notice to quit\u2019) and the date they must leave. The notice period you give them must be at least:\n\n- 2 months if you gave notice before 26 March 2020\n\n- 3 months if you gave notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020\n\n- 6 months if you gave notice on or after 29 August 2020\n\nIf you gave a section 8 notice, the notice period is sometimes shorter, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\nThis change is because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## During the fixed term\n\nIf you\u2019re still in the fixed term, you can only ask your tenants to leave if you have a reason for wanting possession that\u2019s in the Housing Act 1988.\n\nExamples of reasons include:\n\n- your tenants are behind with rent payments (\u2018in arrears\u2019)\n\n- your tenants have used the property for illegal purposes, for example selling drugs\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice before 26 March 2020, you would have needed to give them up to 2 months to leave, depending on the reason.\n\nBecause of coronavirus, in most cases you must now give them a longer notice period.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, period must have been at least 3 months.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice on or after 29 August 2020, the notice period must be at least 6 months. It can be shorter in some cases, for example if you evict them for antisocial behaviour.\n\nThe Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government has information on reasons for possession for a property let on an AST.\n\n## Assured tenancies\n\nYou will need to use one of the reasons for possession in the Housing Act 1988.\n\n## Excluded tenancies or licences\n\nIf you live with a lodger and share rooms with them, you\u2019ll often have an excluded tenancy or licence.\n\nIn this case, you only need to give \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. Usually this means the length of the rental payment period \u2013 so if you collect rent monthly, you\u2019ll need to give 1 month\u2019s notice.\n\nThe notice does not have to be in writing.\n\n## Non-excluded tenancy or licence\n\nYou can end the agreement at any time by serving a written \u2018notice to quit\u2019. The notice period will depend on the tenancy or agreement, but it\u2019s usually at least 4 weeks.\n\n## Break clauses\n\nIf there\u2019s a break clause in the tenancy agreement, you can give your tenants notice after this. However, you do not have a guaranteed right to possession during the first 6 months of the tenancy.\n\n## If your tenant does not leave the property\n\nYou cannot remove your tenants by force. If the notice period expires and your tenants do not leave the property, you can start the process of eviction through the courts.\n\n## If your tenants want to leave\n\n## Tenancies\n\nThe tenancy agreement should say how much notice your tenants need to give before they can leave the property.\n\nTenants are responsible for paying rent for their entire fixed-term tenancy. They can move out early without paying rent for the full tenancy if:\n\n- there is a break clause in their tenancy agreement\n\n- you agree to ending the tenancy early\n\nThey can also leave if their tenancy is up after giving their notice (whether it is fixed-term or not).\n\n## Licence agreements\n\nIf the licence automatically runs out after a specific date and your lodger wants to end the agreement, they should let you know this before the licence runs out.\n\n## If your tenant dies without an executor or a will\n\nThe tenancy is transferred temporarily to the Public Trustee if a tenant dies:\n\n- without a will\n\n- with a will but without an executor\n\nYou cannot take back a property automatically even if the tenancy was due to end.\n\nYou may be fined if you try to repossess a property without following the rules.\n\n## Reclaim your property\n\nYou must:\n\n- post or deliver a letter to the tenant\u2019s last known address saying you\u2019re giving written notice\n\n- email a copy of your notice and a completed NL1 form to the Public Trustee\n\n- pay an application fee to the Public Trustee to register the notice\n\n## Give notice\n\nAddress the written notice to: \u201cThe Personal Representative of [full name of the tenant who died] of [last known address for the tenant who died]\u201d.\n\n## Email the notice and NL1 form to the Public Trustee\n\nOrder a NL1 application form to register a notice from OyezStore or from Shaws. The form costs no more than \u00a38.26.\n\nYou\u2019ll get it by post. Email a copy of the notice and a scan of your completed NL1 form to osptcontrolunit@ospt.gov.uk.\n\nYou must buy a new form for each application - you cannot use a photocopy. You can make your own version of the form, as long as it\u2019s laid out in the same way and includes all the relevant information.\n\n## Pay the application fee\n\nIt costs \u00a340 to register the notice. You can only pay by Bacs. Transfer the fee to the following account:\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 80 26 50 | 10014069 | The Public Trustee |\n\nInclude the name of the deceased in the payment reference.\n\n## Get a decision about your application\n\nThe Public Trustee will register or reject your application. You should get an email within 15 working days of the Public Trustee getting your application and payment.\n\nIf your application is registered, you\u2019ll be told the date it was put in the register.\n\nIf your application is rejected, for example because it\u2019s incomplete, you\u2019ll be told why the Public Trustee cannot register it.\n\nYou can search the Public Trustee\u2019s register if your notice is registered, for example to check that you can legally rent the property again or sell it.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-agreements-a-guide-for-landlords", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a landlord who has a tenant that signed a two-year contract. The tenant has died. He had no will nor executor. This has left me confused about what to do with the property.", + "original_question": "Do I automatically come back into possession of the property?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1831", + "question": "Scenario: I have inherited a property from my late grandfather. He left me the property through a will. I am the will executor and would like to know about stamp duty land tax.\n\nQuestion: Do l qualify for an SDLT exception?\n\nDocument - Stamp Duty Land Tax:\n## Overview\n\nYou must pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) if you buy a property or land over a certain price in England and Northern Ireland.\n\nThe tax is different if the property or land is in:\n\n- Scotland - pay Land and Buildings Transaction Tax\n\n- Wales - pay Land Transaction Tax if the sale was completed on or after 1 April 2018\n\nYou pay the tax when you:\n\n- buy a freehold property\n\n- buy a new or existing leasehold\n\n- buy a property through a shared ownership scheme\n\n- are transferred land or property in exchange for payment, for example you take on a mortgage or buy a share in a house\n\n## Thresholds\n\nThe threshold is where SDLT starts to apply. If you buy a property for less than the threshold, there\u2019s no SDLT to pay.\n\nThe current SDLT threshold for residential properties is \u00a3500,000. This changes on 1 July 2021.\n\nThe threshold for non-residential land and properties is \u00a3150,000.\n\n## Property purchases from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021\n\nThe SDLT thresholds will be:\n\n- \u00a3250,000 for residential properties\n\n- \u00a3150,000 for non-residential land and properties\n\nThe threshold for residential properties will change on 1 October 2021.\n\n## Property purchases from 1 October 2021\n\nThe SDLT thresholds will be:\n\n- \u00a3125,000 for residential properties\n\n- \u00a3150,000 for non-residential land and properties\n\nThese thresholds are the same as they were before 8 July 2020.\n\n## First-time buyers\n\nFrom 1 July 2021, you\u2019ll get a discount (relief) that means you\u2019ll pay less or no tax if both the following apply:\n\n- you, and anyone else you\u2019re buying with, are first-time buyers\n\n- the purchase price is \u00a3500,000 or less\n\nYou\u2019ll also be eligible for this discount if you bought your first home before 8 July 2020.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nHow much you pay depends on whether the land or property is residential or non-residential or mixed-use.\n\nIf you\u2019re buying a residential property there are different rates of SDLT if:\n\n- you\u2019re a first-time buyer\n\n- you already own a property and you\u2019re buying an additional property\n\n- you\u2019re not a UK resident\n\nYou can use HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) Stamp Duty Land Tax calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\nYou may be able to reduce the amount of tax you pay by claiming relief, such as if you\u2019re a first-time buyer or purchasing more than one property (\u2018multiple dwellings\u2019).\n\n## The value you pay SDLT on (the \u2018consideration\u2019)\n\nThe total value you pay SDLT on (sometimes called the \u2018consideration\u2019) is usually the price you pay for the property or land.\n\nSometimes it might include another type of payment like:\n\n- goods\n\n- works or services\n\n- release from a debt\n\n- transfer of a debt, including the value of any outstanding mortgage\n\nFind out how to work out the consideration if your situation is complicated.\n\n## How and when to pay\n\nYou must send an SDLT return to HMRC and pay the tax within 14 days of completion.\n\nIf you have a solicitor, agent or conveyancer, they\u2019ll usually file your return and pay the tax on your behalf on the day of completion and add the amount to their fees. They\u2019ll also claim any relief you\u2019re eligible for, such as if you\u2019re a first-time buyer.\n\nIf they do not do this for you, you can file a return and pay the tax yourself.\n\nThere are certain situations where you do not need to send a return.\n\nYou may be charged penalties and interest if you do not file your return and make your payment within 14 days of completion.\n\n## Residential property rates\n\nYou usually pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) on increasing portions of the property price when you buy residential property, for example a house or flat. SDLT only applies to properties over a certain value.\n\nThe amount you pay depends on:\n\n- when you bought the property\n\n- how much you paid for it\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\nYou must send an SDLT return if you pay more than \u00a340,000 for a property - even if there\u2019s no SDLT due. There are some exemptions.\n\n## Rates from 8 July 2020 to 30 June 2021\n\nYou can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).\n\n| Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate |\n\n| Up to \u00a3500,000 | Zero |\n\n| The next \u00a3425,000 (the portion from \u00a3500,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5% |\n\n| The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10% |\n\n| The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12% |\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## Rates from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021\n\nYou can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).\n\n| Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate |\n\n| Up to \u00a3250,000 | Zero |\n\n| The next \u00a3675,000 (the portion from \u00a3250,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5% |\n\n| The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10% |\n\n| The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12% |\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## Rates from 1 October 2021\n\nThese rates also apply if you bought a property before 8 July 2020.\n\nYou can also use this table to work out the SDLT for the purchase price of a lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019).\n\n| Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate |\n\n| Up to \u00a3125,000 | Zero |\n\n| The next \u00a3125,000 (the portion from \u00a3125,001 to \u00a3250,000) | 2% |\n\n| The next \u00a3675,000 (the portion from \u00a3250,001 to \u00a3925,000) | 5% |\n\n| The next \u00a3575,000 (the portion from \u00a3925,001 to \u00a31.5 million) | 10% |\n\n| The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a31.5 million) | 12% |\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying your first home\n\nYou can claim a discount (relief) if you buy your first home before 8 July 2020 or from 1 July 2021. This means you\u2019ll pay:\n\n- no SDLT up to \u00a3300,000\n\n- 5% SDLT on the portion from \u00a3300,001 to \u00a3500,000\n\nYou\u2019re eligible if you and anyone else you\u2019re buying with are first-time buyers.\n\nIf the price is over \u00a3500,000, you follow the rules for people who\u2019ve bought a home before.\n\n## New leasehold sales and transfers\n\nWhen you buy a new residential leasehold property you pay SDLT on the purchase price of the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) using the rates above.\n\nIf the total rent over the life of the lease (known as the \u2018net present value\u2019) is more than the SDLT threshold), you\u2019ll pay SDLT at 1% on the portion of net present value over:\n\n- \u00a3500,000 for purchases from 8 July 2020 to 30 June 2021\n\n- \u00a3250,000 for purchases from 1 July 2021 to 30 September 2021\n\n- \u00a3125,000 for purchases from 1 October 2021\n\nThis does not apply to existing (\u2018assigned\u2019) leases.\n\nYou can work out how much SDLT you\u2019ll pay for your new residential lease using HMRC\u2019s:\n\n- SDLT calculator\n\n- guidance on leasehold purchases\n\n## Higher rates for additional properties\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay 3% on top of SDLT rates if buying a new residential property means you\u2019ll own more than one.\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\nYou may not have to pay the higher rates if you exchanged contracts before 26 November 2015.\n\n## If you\u2019re replacing your main residence\n\nYou will not pay the extra 3% SDLT if the property you\u2019re buying is replacing your main residence and that has already been sold.\n\nIf you have not sold your main residence on the day you complete your new purchase you\u2019ll have to pay higher rates. This is because you own 2 properties.\n\nYou can apply for a refund if you sell your previous main home within 36 months.\n\nThere are special rules if you own property with someone else or already own a property outside England, Wales and Northern Ireland.\n\n## If it takes longer than 36 months to sell your previous main home\n\nYou may still be able to get a refund of the extra 3% SDLT if:\n\n- you purchased your new home on or after 1 January 2017\n\n- the delay was outside your control, for example because of coronavirus (COVID-19) or a public authority blocking the sale\n\n- you have now sold your old home\n\nTo claim a refund, write to HMRC and explain why the sale took longer than 36 months.\n\nInclude:\n\n- your details\n\n- details of the main buyer - if different to your own\n\n- details of the property where higher rate SDLT was paid - including the address, date of purchase and SDLT unique transaction reference number\n\n- details of the previous main residence - including the address, date of sale and SDLT unique transaction reference number\n\n- the amount of higher rate SDLT paid\n\n- the amount of tax you\u2019re asking for a repayment of\n\n- a bank account and sort code for the person receiving the payment\n\n## Rates if you\u2019re not a UK resident\n\nIf you\u2019re not present in the UK for at least 183 days (6 months) during the 12 months before your purchase you are \u2018not a UK resident\u2019 for the purposes of SDLT.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually pay a 2% surcharge if you\u2019re buying a residential property in England or Northern Ireland on or after 1 April 2021.\n\nYou may not have to pay a surcharge on certain properties, transactions or if you\u2019re a particular type of buyer. Check the rules on who has to pay the surcharge, when you do not have to pay, and if you can claim relief.\n\nIf you have to pay the surcharge, you\u2019ll also have to pay any other rates of SDLT that apply, for example:\n\n- if you already own a property and you\u2019re buying an additional property\n\n- if you\u2019re a first-time buyer\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## Special rates\n\nThere are different SDLT rules and rate calculations for:\n\n- corporate bodies\n\n- people buying 6 or more residential properties in one transaction\n\n- shared ownership properties\n\n- multiple purchases or transfers between the same buyer and seller (\u2018linked purchases\u2019)\n\n- purchases that mean you own more than one property\n\n- companies and trusts buying residential property\n\n## Rates for non-residential and mixed land and property\n\nYou pay SDLT on increasing portions of the property price (or \u2018consideration\u2019) when you pay \u00a3150,000 or more for non-residential or mixed (also known as \u2018mixed use\u2019) land or property.\n\nYou must still send an SDLT return for most transactions under \u00a3150,000.\n\nNon-residential property includes:\n\n- commercial property, for example shops or offices\n\n- property that isn\u2019t suitable to be lived in\n\n- forests\n\n- agricultural land that\u2019s part of a working farm or used for agricultural reasons\n\n- any other land or property that is not part of a dwelling\u2019s garden or grounds\n\n- 6 or more residential properties bought in a single transaction\n\nYou pay residential SDLT rates on agricultural land if it\u2019s sold as part of the garden or grounds of a dwelling, for example a cottage with fields.\n\nA \u2018mixed\u2019 property is one that has both residential and non-residential elements, for example a flat connected to a shop, doctor\u2019s surgery or office.\n\nUse the SDLT calculator to work out how much tax you\u2019ll pay.\n\n## Freehold sales and transfers\n\nYou can also use this table to work out the SDLT rate for a lease premium.\n\n| |\n\n| Property or lease premium or transfer value | SDLT rate |\n\n| Up to \u00a3150,000 | Zero |\n\n| The next \u00a3100,000 (the portion from \u00a3150,001 to \u00a3250,000) | 2% |\n\n| The remaining amount (the portion above \u00a3250,000) | 5% |\n\n## New leasehold sales and transfers\n\nWhen you buy a new non-residential or mixed leasehold you pay SDLT on both the:\n\n- purchase price of the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) using the rates above\n\n- value of the annual rent you pay (the \u2018net present value\u2019)\n\nThese are calculated separately then added together.\n\nIf you buy an existing (\u2018assigned\u2019) lease, you only pay SDLT on the lease price (or \u2018consideration\u2019).\n\nThe net present value (NPV) is based on the total rent over the life of the lease. You do not pay SDLT on the rent if the NPV is less than \u00a3150,000.\n\n| Net present value of rent | SDLT rate |\n\n| \u00a30 to \u00a3150,000 | Zero |\n\n| The portion from \u00a3150,001 to \u00a35,000,000 | 1% |\n\n| The portion above \u00a35,000,000 | 2% |\n\n## How much you\u2019ll pay\n\nYou can work out how much SDLT you\u2019ll pay for your non-residential lease using HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC):\n\n- SDLT calculator\n\n- guidance on buying leasehold properties\n\nYou may pay a higher rate of SDLT for multiple purchases or transfers from the same seller.\n\n## Using previous SDLT rates\n\nYou may qualify for previous SDLT rates if you exchanged contracts before 17 March 2016 but completed on or after that date.\n\nIf you qualify for the previous rates, you can choose to pay SDLT using the current or previous rates.\n\nUse HMRC\u2019s SDLT calculator to work out if you qualify and how much you\u2019ll pay using both rates.\n\nEnter the figure for the rate you choose in your SDLT return.\n\n## Land and property transfers\n\nYou may have to pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) if the ownership of land or property is transferred to you in exchange for any payment or \u2018consideration\u2019.\n\nThe rules around SDLT depend on the specific circumstances surrounding the transfer.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on transfers:\n\n- as a result of marriage, civil partnerships or moving in together\n\n- on divorce, separation or the end of a civil partnership\n\n- of jointly owned property or land\n\n- if the larger share is given as a gift\n\n- given as a gift or left in a will\n\n- to or from a company\n\n## Shared ownership property\n\nYou may have to pay Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) when you buy a property through a shared ownership scheme run by an approved public body.\n\nThis includes:\n\n- local housing authorities\n\n- housing associations\n\n- housing action trusts\n\n- the Northern Ireland Housing Executive\n\n- the Commission for the New Towns\n\n- development corporations\n\nYou can choose to either:\n\n- make a one-off payment based on the market value of the property (\u2018market value election\u2019)\n\n- pay SDLT in stages\n\n## Market value election\n\nSubmit a return and pay SDLT at the residential rate. Use the total market value of the property to calculate how much to pay - even if you\u2019re only buying a share.\n\nYou do not pay any more SDLT after this, even if you buy a bigger share in the property later on.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on SDLT if you do not have the right to the freehold.\n\n## Paying in stages\n\nYou make your first SDLT payment on the price you pay for the lease (the \u2018lease premium\u2019) if it\u2019s above the SDLT threshold. If the lease premium is below the threshold, you do not pay SDLT at this point - but you still have to submit a return.\n\nYou may have to pay extra SDLT if the total rent over the life of the lease (known as the \u2018net present value\u2019) is more than the SDLT threshold.\n\nWork this out on HMRC\u2019s SDLT calculator. You pay SDLT of 1% on the amount over the threshold - add this to any SDLT you\u2019re paying on the lease premium.\n\n## SDLT if you buy more shares\n\nIf you buy any more shares in the property, you do not have to pay any more SDLT or send a return to HMRC until you own more than an 80% share.\n\nOnce your share of the property goes over 80% you must send a return and pay SDLT on:\n\n- the transaction that took you over 80%\n\n- any transactions after that\n\n## Calculating your SDLT\n\nTo work out the SDLT if you buy more shares that take you over 80%:\n\n- Work out the SDLT due on the total you\u2019ve paid for the property to date - include any amounts you did not pay tax on. Use the SDLT rate that applies at the time you bought the new share. For example, if your total purchases before 8 July 2020 were \u00a3160,000, the SDLT due would be \u00a3700.\n\n- Divide the amount you\u2019re paying for this share by the total amount you\u2019ve paid for the property to date. For example, if you\u2019re paying \u00a340,000 for this share, divide \u00a340,000 by \u00a3160,000 = 0.25.\n\n- Multiply the two figures, for example SDLT of \u00a3700 multiplied by 0.25 = \u00a3175. This is the amount you would need to pay in SDLT for this share.\n\nIf you\u2019ve paid less than \u00a3500,000 for your property between 8 July 2020 and 30 June 2021, or less than \u00a3250,000 between 1 July 2021 and 30 September 2021, the amount of SDLT you\u2019d need to pay on any additional shares would be zero. This is because of the temporary SDLT rate.\n\n## Additional tax if payments are linked\n\nYou may have to pay extra SDLT on previous shares if they become \u2018linked\u2019 to later shares. Shares only become linked once you own over 80% of the property.\n\nYou can read more about paying SDLT when you buy more shares.\n\n## Reliefs and exemptions\n\nYou may be eligible for Stamp Duty Land Tax (SDLT) reliefs if you\u2019re buying your first home and in certain other situations. These reliefs can reduce the amount of tax you pay.\n\nYou must complete an SDLT return to claim relief, even if no tax is due.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) has guidance on SDLT reliefs for:\n\n- first-time buyers\n\n- multiple dwellings\n\n- building companies buying an individual\u2019s home\n\n- employers buying an employee\u2019s house\n\n- local authorities making compulsory purchases\n\n- property developers providing amenities to communities\n\n- companies transferring property to another company\n\n- charities\n\n- right to buy properties\n\n- registered social landlords\n\n- Crown employees\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou do not have to pay SDLT or file a return if:\n\n- no money or other payment changes hands for a land or property transfer\n\n- property is left to you in a will\n\n- property is transferred because of divorce or dissolution of a civil partnership\n\n- you buy a freehold property for less than \u00a340,000\n\n- you buy a new or assigned lease of 7 years or more, as long as the premium is less than \u00a340,000 and the annual rent is less than \u00a31,000\n\n- you buy a new or assigned lease of less than 7 years, as long as the amount you pay is less than the residential or non-residential SDLT threshold\n\n- you use alternative property financial arrangements, for example to comply with Sharia law\n\nRead HMRC\u2019s guidance on transactions that do not need a return.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stamp-duty-land-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have inherited a property from my late grandfather. He left me the property through a will. I am the will executor and would like to know about stamp duty land tax.", + "original_question": "Do l qualify for an SDLT exception?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1833", + "question": "Scenario: I have a new landlord, who has just bought the freehold to the property I lease. He has decided to increase the ground rent, even though the lease agreement stipulates this cannot be done. He has refused to listen to my complaints, and so I want to take this to a tribunal.\n\nQuestion: Is the issue I have eligible to be used in a tribunal case?\n\nDocument - Leasehold property:\n## Overview\n\nYou only own a leasehold property for a fixed period of time.\n\nYou\u2019ll have a legal agreement with the landlord (sometimes known as the \u2018freeholder\u2019) called a \u2018lease\u2019. This tells you how many years you\u2019ll own the property.\n\nOwnership of the property returns to the landlord when the lease comes to an end.\n\nMost flats are leasehold. Houses can be leasehold too and usually are if they\u2019re bought through a shared ownership scheme.\n\nThe rules about leasehold property are different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Leaseholder rights and responsibilities\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour lease will tell you what conditions you\u2019ve agreed to, for example:\n\n- if you need permission to make alterations\n\n- how much you\u2019ll have to pay to maintain the property\n\n- whether you or your landlord has responsibility for repairs and dealing with noisy neighbours\n\nYou might be taken to court and be ordered to pay for any damage If you do not follow the conditions of the lease. The court may also take away your lease.\n\n## Your rights\n\nYou have the right to:\n\n- get information about service charges or insurance\n\n- know the landlord\u2019s (freeholder\u2019s) name and address\n\n- be consulted about certain maintenance and running costs\n\n- challenge certain charges under some circumstances\n\n## Service charges and other expenses\n\n## Service charges\n\nYour lease sets out the way the service charge is organised and what can be charged. If you pay a service charge, you have the right to:\n\n- ask for a summary showing how the charge is worked out and what it\u2019s spent on\n\n- see any paperwork supporting the summary, such as receipts\n\nYour landlord must give you this information - it\u2019s a criminal offence if they do not.\n\n## Ground rent\n\nYou do not have to pay ground rent unless your landlord has sent you a formal, written demand for it. They can take legal action if you do not pay after you\u2019ve received the demand.\n\nYour landlord can recover unpaid ground rent going back 6 years - they can ask you for the full amount in one go.\n\nYour landlord can only increase the ground rent if you agree to the increase or the lease says this can happen.\n\n## Building insurance\n\nYour landlord will usually be responsible for insurance of the building (not the contents) - this will be part of your service charge.\n\nYou have a right to:\n\n- ask for a summary of the insurance policy\n\n- challenge the cost through a tribunal if you think it\u2019s unreasonable\n\n## Reserve or sinking funds\n\nYou might have to pay into a fund to help cover any unexpected maintenance or repairs, like replacing the roof. There are rules about how landlords must manage these funds.\n\nYou will not usually be able to get back any money you pay into them, for example if you move house.\n\n## Consulting over charges\n\nYou have the right to be consulted about charges for running or maintaining the building if you have to pay more than:\n\n- \u00a3250 for planned work\n\n- \u00a3100 per year for work and services lasting more than 12 months\n\nThere are steps your landlord must follow when they consult you, known as a \u2018Section 20\u2019 consultation. There\u2019s a limit on how much you have to pay if you have not been consulted properly - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Disputing a charge\n\nYou may be able to apply to a tribunal if you pay a charge and you:\n\n- think it\u2019s unreasonable\n\n- think the standard of work it relates to is unsatisfactory\n\n- do not think you should be paying it at all\n\nContact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\nYou cannot apply to the tribunal if:\n\n- you\u2019ve agreed to pay the charge\n\n- the dispute is already being dealt with, for example by the court\n\n- you pay a fixed charge\n\nTry mediation - you may also be able to change the management of your building instead.\n\nYour landlord can take you to court if you stop paying a charge you\u2019re responsible for.\n\n## More information\n\nThe Leasehold Advisory Service has more information on service charges and other issues.\n\n## Extending, changing or ending a lease\n\n## Extending the lease\n\nYou can ask the landlord to extend your lease at any time.\n\nYou might be able to extend your lease by:\n\n- 90 years on a flat if you qualify\n\n- 50 years on a house if you qualify\n\nThe Leasehold Advisory Service\u2019s (LAS) lease extension calculator gives you a guide to the costs of extending the lease of a flat.\n\n## Changing the lease\n\nYou can negotiate certain changes to the lease, sometimes known as \u2018varying the lease\u2019. Speak to your landlord first.\n\nIf you cannot agree, you may be able to apply to a tribunal - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Ending the lease\n\nIt\u2019s very rare that a landlord can end the lease and evict you. There are some circumstances and leases that let them do this, sometimes known as \u2018forfeiture proceedings\u2019. They need to send you a formal written notice and get the court\u2019s permission.\n\nYou can usually end a lease by giving at least 1 month\u2019s notice.\n\nThe LAS has information about ending a lease.\n\n## When the lease runs out\n\nYou do not have to leave the property when the lease expires. In law, a lease is a tenancy and the leaseholder is a tenant. The tenancy will continue on exactly the same terms unless you or the landlord decide to end it.\n\n## Buying the freehold\n\nYou can ask the landlord to sell you the freehold at any time.\n\nThere are different legal steps and rules depending on whether your home is a:\n\n- flat - you\u2019ll need to buy a share of the freehold\n\n- house - you may have the right to buy the freehold\n\n## Right of first refusal\n\nLandlords who want to sell the freehold of a building containing flats usually have to offer the leaseholders the first chance to buy it. This is known as your right of first refusal.\n\nThere are different rules and steps to buying the freehold of your home in Northern Ireland\n\n## Right to Manage and management disputes\n\nYou may be able to change the management of your building if you\u2019re unhappy with the way it\u2019s being run and you live in a leasehold flat. You can either:\n\n- ask a tribunal to appoint a new manager\n\n- take over the management responsibilities, known as your \u2018Right to Manage\u2019\n\n## Appoint a new manager\n\nYou must prove bad management if you want to appoint a new manager, for example:\n\n- you have to pay unreasonable service charges\n\n- the landlord has not complied with an approved code of management practice\n\nApply to a tribunal in England, or the Leasehold Valuation Tribunals in Wales.\n\nYou can only apply to the tribunal if you\u2019ve sent the landlord a \u2018Section 22 notice\u2019 - this gives them a chance to fix the problems. Contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Right to Manage\n\nThe Right to Manage lets you and the other leaseholders take over certain management responsibilities from the landlord without having to prove bad management.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find out if you qualify - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\nYou and the other leaseholders can manage the building yourselves or pay a managing agent to do it.\n\n## Leasehold disputes\n\nThere is a different dispute process in Wales.\n\nYou can use a mediation service to help you and your landlord come to an agreement if you are in dispute about your lease. You might have to pay a fee.\n\nYou can also get free advice from the Leasehold Advisory Service (LAS) on issues like:\n\n- service charges\n\n- extending your lease\n\n- buying the freehold\n\n## Apply to a tribunal\n\nYou can apply to a tribunal if you\u2019re in a dispute with your landlord, for example:\n\n- service or administration charges\n\n- the cost of building insurance\n\n- appointment of a manager\n\n- Right to Manage\n\n- breach of a lease\n\n- varying a lease\n\n- recognising a tenants\u2019 association\n\n- buying the freehold\n\n- extending the lease\n\nApply to the Leasehold Valuation Tribunals if you\u2019re in Wales.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leasehold-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a new landlord, who has just bought the freehold to the property I lease. He has decided to increase the ground rent, even though the lease agreement stipulates this cannot be done. He has refused to listen to my complaints, and so I want to take this to a tribunal.", + "original_question": "Is the issue I have eligible to be used in a tribunal case?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1834", + "question": "Scenario: I own three houses. Two of these houses, situated in England, are now empty, and will remain so for the next six months.\n\nQuestion: Are there any Council Tax reductions that I can get for these two properties?\n\nDocument - Council Tax:\n## Working out your Council Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know 3 things:\n\n- the valuation band for your home in England and Wales or in Scotland\n\n- how much your local council charges for that band\n\n- whether you can get a discount or exemption from the full bill\n\nYou may be able to get Council Tax Reduction (this used to be called Council Tax Benefit) if you\u2019re on a low income or get benefits.\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think your home is in the wrong valuation band.\n\n## Changes that may affect your Council Tax band\n\nYour property may be revalued and put in a different band in some circumstances, for example if:\n\n- you demolish part of your property and do not rebuild it\n\n- you alter your property to create 2 or more self-contained units, for example an annexe - each unit will have its own band\n\n- you split a single property into self-contained flats\n\n- you convert flats into a single property\n\n- you start or stop working from home\n\n- the previous owner made changes to your property\n\n- there are significant changes to your local area, like a new road being built\n\n- a similar property in your area has its Council Tax band changed\n\nAsk the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you want to know if changes to your property will affect your Council Tax band.\n\n## Who has to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax if you\u2019re 18 or over and own or rent a home.\n\nA full Council Tax bill is based on at least 2 adults living in a home. Spouses and partners who live together are jointly responsible for paying the bill.\n\nYou\u2019ll get 25% off your bill if you count as an adult for Council Tax and either:\n\n- you live on your own\n\n- no-one else in your home counts as an adult\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a 50% discount if no-one living in your home, including you, counts as an adult.\n\nYou will not have to pay any Council Tax if everyone in your home, including you, is a full-time student.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Who does not count as an adult?\n\nThese people are not counted as adults for Council Tax:\n\n- children under 18\n\n- people on some apprentice schemes\n\n- 18 and 19-year-olds in full-time education\n\n- full-time college and university students\n\n- young people under 25 who get funding from the Skills Funding Agency or Young People\u2019s Learning Agency\n\n- student nurses\n\n- foreign language assistants registered with the British Council\n\n- people with a severe mental impairment\n\n- live-in carers who look after someone who is not their partner, spouse, or child under 18\n\n- diplomats\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019re unsure about whether you can get a discount or who\u2019s responsible for paying.\n\n## People on apprentice schemes\n\nTo show that you do not qualify as an adult for Council Tax, you\u2019ll need a declaration from your employer stating that:\n\n- you will not be paid more than \u00a3195 a week\n\n- the training leads to a qualification accredited by a body recognised by the Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation (Ofqual) or the Scottish Vocational Education Council (SVEC)\n\n## If you get a Council Tax discount by mistake\n\nYou must tell your council. If you do not, you could get a fine.\n\nThe council may ask you to pay back the discount.\n\n## Discounts for full-time students\n\nHouseholds where everyone\u2019s a full-time student do not have to pay Council Tax. If you do get a bill, you can apply for an exemption.\n\nTo count as a full-time student, your course must:\n\n- last at least 1 year\n\n- involve at least 21 hours study per week\n\nIf you study for a qualification up to A level and you\u2019re under 20, your course must:\n\n- last at least 3 months\n\n- involve at least 12 hours study per week\n\nYou\u2019ll get a Council Tax bill if there\u2019s someone in your household who\u2019s not a full-time student, but your household might still qualify for a discount.\n\n## Discounts for disabled people\n\nPeople who are severely mentally impaired are not included when working out Council Tax.\n\nYou also are not included if you\u2019re a live-in carer looking after someone who is not your partner, spouse, or child under 18.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Disabled Band Reduction Scheme\n\nYou may be eligible for the scheme if you live in a larger property than you would need if you or another occupant were not disabled.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve either:\n\n- an extra bathroom, kitchen or other room that you need for the disabled person\n\n- extra space inside the property for using a wheelchair\n\nThe property must be the main home of at least 1 disabled person. This can be an adult or a child - it does not have to be the person responsible for paying the Council Tax.\n\nCheck if you qualify for the scheme.\n\n## Second homes and empty properties\n\nYou may be able to get a discount if you have a second home or an empty property - it\u2019s up to your council to decide.\n\nCouncils can charge extra Council Tax for empty properties.\n\n## Second homes\n\nYou may pay less Council Tax for a property you own or rent that\u2019s not your main home.\n\nCouncils can give furnished second homes or holiday homes a discount of up to 50%. Contact your council to find out if you can get a discount - it\u2019s up to them how much you can get.\n\n## Empty properties\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax on an empty home, but your council can decide to give you a discount - the amount is up to them. Contact your council to ask about a discount.\n\nYou can be charged up to double your Council Tax if your home has been empty for 2 years or more (unless it\u2019s an annexe or you\u2019re in the armed forces).\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland.\n\n## When you do not pay Council Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re selling a property on behalf of an owner who\u2019s died, you won\u2019t need to pay Council Tax until after you get probate as long as the property remains empty. After probate is granted, you may be able to get a Council Tax exemption for another 6 months if the property is both:\n\n- unoccupied\n\n- still owned and in the name of the person who died\n\nSome homes do not get a Council Tax bill for as long as they stay empty. They include homes:\n\n- of someone in prison (except for not paying a fine or Council Tax)\n\n- of someone who\u2019s moved into a care home or hospital\n\n- that have been repossessed\n\n- that cannot be lived in by law, for example if they\u2019re derelict\n\n- that are empty because they\u2019ve been compulsory purchased and will be demolished\n\nYou may get a discount if your home is undergoing major repair work or structural changes, for example your walls are being rebuilt.\n\n## If your property\u2019s been refurbished\n\nYour council will tell you when you have to start paying Council Tax if you\u2019ve been carrying out major home improvements on an empty property or building a new property.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018completion notice\u2019 that tells you the date you must start paying Council Tax.\n\n## If your property\u2019s derelict\n\nYour property\u2019s only considered derelict if it:\n\n- is not possible to live in it, for example because it\u2019s been damaged by weather, rot or vandalism\n\n- would need major structural works to make it \u2018wind and watertight\u2019 again\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think a derelict property should be removed from the Council Tax valuation list.\n\n## Paying your bill\n\nYour Council Tax bill tells you:\n\n- how much you have to pay for the year\n\n- how that amount has been worked out\n\n- the dates you have to pay\n\nThe cost is usually split into 10 monthly payments. Contact your council immediately if you\u2019re having trouble paying - they can help you, for example by spreading your payments over 12 months instead of 10.\n\nThe council can take action to reclaim any debts you owe if you get behind with your payments.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nYou can usually pay your Council Tax online.\n\nYou can also use \u2018Paypoint\u2019, \u2018Payzone\u2019 or \u2018Quickcards\u2019 for cash payments at post offices, banks, newsagents and convenience stores.\n\nCheck your bill to find out which other payment methods you can use.\n\n## If you\u2019ve overpaid\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019ve paid too much Council Tax and have not received an automatic refund.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own three houses. Two of these houses, situated in England, are now empty, and will remain so for the next six months.", + "original_question": "Are there any Council Tax reductions that I can get for these two properties?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1835", + "question": "Scenario: I am a university student. The course I am undertaking is three years long and is full time (40 hours per week). I am living alone in a flat. I have just received an council tax bill.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to pay council tax?\n\nDocument - Council Tax:\n## Working out your Council Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know 3 things:\n\n- the valuation band for your home in England and Wales or in Scotland\n\n- how much your local council charges for that band\n\n- whether you can get a discount or exemption from the full bill\n\nYou may be able to get Council Tax Reduction (this used to be called Council Tax Benefit) if you\u2019re on a low income or get benefits.\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think your home is in the wrong valuation band.\n\n## Changes that may affect your Council Tax band\n\nYour property may be revalued and put in a different band in some circumstances, for example if:\n\n- you demolish part of your property and do not rebuild it\n\n- you alter your property to create 2 or more self-contained units, for example an annexe - each unit will have its own band\n\n- you split a single property into self-contained flats\n\n- you convert flats into a single property\n\n- you start or stop working from home\n\n- the previous owner made changes to your property\n\n- there are significant changes to your local area, like a new road being built\n\n- a similar property in your area has its Council Tax band changed\n\nAsk the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you want to know if changes to your property will affect your Council Tax band.\n\n## Who has to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax if you\u2019re 18 or over and own or rent a home.\n\nA full Council Tax bill is based on at least 2 adults living in a home. Spouses and partners who live together are jointly responsible for paying the bill.\n\nYou\u2019ll get 25% off your bill if you count as an adult for Council Tax and either:\n\n- you live on your own\n\n- no-one else in your home counts as an adult\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a 50% discount if no-one living in your home, including you, counts as an adult.\n\nYou will not have to pay any Council Tax if everyone in your home, including you, is a full-time student.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Who does not count as an adult?\n\nThese people are not counted as adults for Council Tax:\n\n- children under 18\n\n- people on some apprentice schemes\n\n- 18 and 19-year-olds in full-time education\n\n- full-time college and university students\n\n- young people under 25 who get funding from the Skills Funding Agency or Young People\u2019s Learning Agency\n\n- student nurses\n\n- foreign language assistants registered with the British Council\n\n- people with a severe mental impairment\n\n- live-in carers who look after someone who is not their partner, spouse, or child under 18\n\n- diplomats\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019re unsure about whether you can get a discount or who\u2019s responsible for paying.\n\n## People on apprentice schemes\n\nTo show that you do not qualify as an adult for Council Tax, you\u2019ll need a declaration from your employer stating that:\n\n- you will not be paid more than \u00a3195 a week\n\n- the training leads to a qualification accredited by a body recognised by the Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation (Ofqual) or the Scottish Vocational Education Council (SVEC)\n\n## If you get a Council Tax discount by mistake\n\nYou must tell your council. If you do not, you could get a fine.\n\nThe council may ask you to pay back the discount.\n\n## Discounts for full-time students\n\nHouseholds where everyone\u2019s a full-time student do not have to pay Council Tax. If you do get a bill, you can apply for an exemption.\n\nTo count as a full-time student, your course must:\n\n- last at least 1 year\n\n- involve at least 21 hours study per week\n\nIf you study for a qualification up to A level and you\u2019re under 20, your course must:\n\n- last at least 3 months\n\n- involve at least 12 hours study per week\n\nYou\u2019ll get a Council Tax bill if there\u2019s someone in your household who\u2019s not a full-time student, but your household might still qualify for a discount.\n\n## Discounts for disabled people\n\nPeople who are severely mentally impaired are not included when working out Council Tax.\n\nYou also are not included if you\u2019re a live-in carer looking after someone who is not your partner, spouse, or child under 18.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Disabled Band Reduction Scheme\n\nYou may be eligible for the scheme if you live in a larger property than you would need if you or another occupant were not disabled.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve either:\n\n- an extra bathroom, kitchen or other room that you need for the disabled person\n\n- extra space inside the property for using a wheelchair\n\nThe property must be the main home of at least 1 disabled person. This can be an adult or a child - it does not have to be the person responsible for paying the Council Tax.\n\nCheck if you qualify for the scheme.\n\n## Second homes and empty properties\n\nYou may be able to get a discount if you have a second home or an empty property - it\u2019s up to your council to decide.\n\nCouncils can charge extra Council Tax for empty properties.\n\n## Second homes\n\nYou may pay less Council Tax for a property you own or rent that\u2019s not your main home.\n\nCouncils can give furnished second homes or holiday homes a discount of up to 50%. Contact your council to find out if you can get a discount - it\u2019s up to them how much you can get.\n\n## Empty properties\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax on an empty home, but your council can decide to give you a discount - the amount is up to them. Contact your council to ask about a discount.\n\nYou can be charged up to double your Council Tax if your home has been empty for 2 years or more (unless it\u2019s an annexe or you\u2019re in the armed forces).\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland.\n\n## When you do not pay Council Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re selling a property on behalf of an owner who\u2019s died, you won\u2019t need to pay Council Tax until after you get probate as long as the property remains empty. After probate is granted, you may be able to get a Council Tax exemption for another 6 months if the property is both:\n\n- unoccupied\n\n- still owned and in the name of the person who died\n\nSome homes do not get a Council Tax bill for as long as they stay empty. They include homes:\n\n- of someone in prison (except for not paying a fine or Council Tax)\n\n- of someone who\u2019s moved into a care home or hospital\n\n- that have been repossessed\n\n- that cannot be lived in by law, for example if they\u2019re derelict\n\n- that are empty because they\u2019ve been compulsory purchased and will be demolished\n\nYou may get a discount if your home is undergoing major repair work or structural changes, for example your walls are being rebuilt.\n\n## If your property\u2019s been refurbished\n\nYour council will tell you when you have to start paying Council Tax if you\u2019ve been carrying out major home improvements on an empty property or building a new property.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018completion notice\u2019 that tells you the date you must start paying Council Tax.\n\n## If your property\u2019s derelict\n\nYour property\u2019s only considered derelict if it:\n\n- is not possible to live in it, for example because it\u2019s been damaged by weather, rot or vandalism\n\n- would need major structural works to make it \u2018wind and watertight\u2019 again\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think a derelict property should be removed from the Council Tax valuation list.\n\n## Paying your bill\n\nYour Council Tax bill tells you:\n\n- how much you have to pay for the year\n\n- how that amount has been worked out\n\n- the dates you have to pay\n\nThe cost is usually split into 10 monthly payments. Contact your council immediately if you\u2019re having trouble paying - they can help you, for example by spreading your payments over 12 months instead of 10.\n\nThe council can take action to reclaim any debts you owe if you get behind with your payments.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nYou can usually pay your Council Tax online.\n\nYou can also use \u2018Paypoint\u2019, \u2018Payzone\u2019 or \u2018Quickcards\u2019 for cash payments at post offices, banks, newsagents and convenience stores.\n\nCheck your bill to find out which other payment methods you can use.\n\n## If you\u2019ve overpaid\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019ve paid too much Council Tax and have not received an automatic refund.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a university student. The course I am undertaking is three years long and is full time (40 hours per week). I am living alone in a flat. I have just received an council tax bill.", + "original_question": "Do I have to pay council tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1838", + "question": "Scenario: I am renting a property. My landlord has decided to do work on the property that makes half of the rooms unusable. I feel as if I am not getting my money's worth.\n\nQuestion: Is there any discount I am eligible to get on my rent for this period?\n\nDocument - Renting out your property:\n## Landlord responsibilities\n\nYou\u2019re a landlord if you rent out your property. As a landlord you must:\n\n- keep your rented properties safe and free from health hazards\n\n- make sure all gas and electrical equipment is safely installed and maintained\n\n- provide an Energy Performance Certificate for the property\n\n- protect your tenant\u2019s deposit in a government-approved scheme\n\n- check your tenant has the right to rent your property if it\u2019s in England\n\n- give your tenant a copy of the How to rent checklist when they start renting from you (you can email it to them)\n\nThere are different rules if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and your responsibilities\n\nYour responsibilities as a landlord have not changed because of coronavirus. However, you should follow the government\u2019s coronavirus advice.\n\nRead the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\n## Fire safety\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to:\n\n- fit and test smoke alarms and carbon monoxide alarms\n\n- follow fire safety regulations for property in a purpose-built block of flats or for houses and property adapted into flats\n\n## Health and safety inspections\n\nThe Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) is used by your council to make sure that properties in its area are safe for the people who live there.\nThis involves inspecting your property for possible hazards, such as uneven stairs.\n\nIf you own a property and rent it out, the council may decide to do an HHSRS inspection because:\n\n- your tenants have asked for an inspection\n\n- the council has done a survey of local properties and thinks your property might be hazardous\n\n## HHSRS hazard ratings\n\nInspectors look at 29 health and safety areas and score each hazard they find as category 1 or 2, according to its seriousness.\n\nYou must take action on enforcement notices from your council. You also have the right to appeal enforcement notices.\n\nThe council can do any of the following if they find a serious hazard:\n\n- issue an improvement notice\n\n- fix the hazard themselves and bill you for the cost\n\n- stop you or anyone else from using part or all of the property\n\n## Financial responsibilities\n\nYou have to pay:\n\n- Income Tax on your rental income, minus your day-to-day running expenses\n\n- Class 2 National Insurance if the work you do renting out property counts as running a business\n\nIf you only occasionally rent out your property or part of your home (for example through short-term rental apps), check if you need to tell HMRC about this income.\n\nIf you have a mortgage on the property you want to rent out, you must get permission from your mortgage lender.\n\n## Regulated tenancies\n\nThere are special rules for changing rents and terms for regulated tenancies (usually private tenancies starting before 15 January 1989).\n\n## Making repairs\n\nYou must keep your property in good condition, and any gas or electrical systems must meet specified safety standards.\n\nWhen doing repairs in your property, make sure you keep you and your tenants safe from coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nThere is more information about doing repairs and maintenance in section 3 of the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\nThere are different rules around making repairs if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## When you can enter the property\n\nYou have a legal right to enter your property to inspect it or carry out repairs. You must give your tenants at least 24 hours\u2019 notice, although immediate access may be possible in emergencies. Your tenants have the right to stay in the property during the repairs.\n\nYou\u2019re normally responsible for repairs to:\n\n- the structure of your property\n\n- basins, sinks, baths and other sanitary fittings\n\n- heating and hot water systems\n\n- anything you damage through attempting repairs\n\nIf your property is seriously damaged by a fire, flood or other similar incident, you do not have to rebuild or renovate it. However, if you do, you cannot charge your tenants for any repairs made.\n\n## Common areas\n\nIf you own a block of flats, you\u2019re usually responsible for repairing common areas, like staircases. Councils can ask landlords to fix problems in common areas, or to repair a tenant\u2019s flat that\u2019s been damaged by another tenant.\n\n## What happens if repairs are not done properly\n\nIf you refuse to carry out repairs, tenants can:\n\n- start a claim in the small claims court for repairs under \u00a35,000\n\n- in some circumstances, carry out the repairs themselves and deduct the cost from their rent\n\nIf you do not make repairs to remove hazards, your tenants can ask the council to inspect the property under the Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) and to take any action that is necessary.\n\nIf the council finds serious hazards, it must take enforcement action to make sure the hazard is removed.\n\n## If the property is temporarily unfit to live in\n\nYou can ask tenants to move out during major repairs. Before this happens, you should agree in writing:\n\n- how long the works will last\n\n- the tenants\u2019 right to return\n\n- details of any alternative accommodation\n\nYou cannot repossess a property to do repairs. However, if you\u2019re planning substantial works, or want to redevelop the property, you can apply to the courts for an order for your tenants to leave. The courts are more likely to grant this if you provide alternative accommodation.\n\n## Repairs and charging rent\n\nIf the repairs are very disruptive, your tenants may be able to claim a reduction on their rent known as a \u2018rent abatement\u2019. This will depend on how much of the property is unusable.\n\nYou may have the right to increase the rent after carrying out repairs and improvements, depending on the tenancy agreement.\n\n## Rent increases\n\nThe tenancy agreement should include how and when you\u2019ll review the rent.\n\nThere are special rules for increasing regulated tenancy rents.\n\n## When you can increase rent\n\nFor a periodic tenancy (rolling on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis) you can usually only increase the rent once a year.\n\nFor a fixed-term tenancy (running for a set period) you can only increase the rent if your tenancy agreement permits this. Otherwise, you can only raise the rent when the fixed term ends.\n\n## How you can increase the rent\n\nIf a fixed-term tenancy agreement says how the rent can be increased, you must stick to this.\n\nFor a periodic tenancy, you can:\n\n- agree a rent increase with your tenants and produce a written record of the agreement that you both sign\n\n- use a \u2018Landlord\u2019s notice proposing a new rent\u2019 form, giving your tenant at least a month\u2019s notice\n\nThere are different rules around increasing rent if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\nThe rent increase must be fair and realistic - that is, in line with reasonable rents on the open market.\n\n## If your tenants do not agree\n\nIf your tenants think the rent increase is unfair, they can ask the First Tier Property Tribunal to decide the right amount.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and rent\n\nTenant responsibilities have not changed because of coronavirus. Your tenant should continue to pay rent if they can.\n\nIf your tenant is unable to pay their rent, you can agree a different way to pay. For example, you can agree to accept a lower rent payment for a set amount of time and they pay off the rent arrears later.\n\nRead the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\nYou and your tenant can get advice from Shelter, Citizens Advice and the Money Advice Service.\n\n## Settling disputes\n\nYou can often sort out disputes with your tenants without going to court:\n\n- Speak to your tenants about your concerns.\n\n- If this does not work, write a formal letter setting out the problem.\n\n- Use a mediation service, which is usually cheaper and quicker than going to court.\n\n- As a last resort, you can take your tenants to court.\n\nThere are different rules for settling disputes if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Going to court\n\nIf you take legal action, the case may go to a small claims court. Small claims cases are those worth less than \u00a310,000 (or \u00a31,000 if the case is about repairs to a property).\n\nThe courts provide a free mediation service for small claims cases, which can take place over the phone.\n\nIf you want to get your property back because your tenants owe you rent money, you can make a possession claim online.\n\nYou must follow specific rules if you want to evict tenants.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and possession claims\n\nThe court process for possession claims is different because of coronavirus.\n\nYou must tell the court if your tenant and their dependants have been affected by coronavirus. For example, if they lost income because of coronavirus, which meant they were not able to pay your rent.\n\n## Free advice for disputes\n\nYou can get free advice about disputes or housing problems from Citizens Advice or Shelter.\n\nIn Wales, you can contact Shelter Cymru.\n\nYou might be able to get free and confidential legal advice from Civil Legal Advice (CLA) as part of legal aid, if you\u2019re in England and Wales.\n\nA solicitor can also help you, but they might charge a fee.\n\n## Houses in Multiple Occupation (HMO)\n\nIf you let your property to several tenants who are not members of the same family, it may be a \u2018House in Multiple Occupation\u2019 (HMO).\n\nThe rules about HMOs are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nYour property is an HMO if both of the following apply:\n\n- at least 3 tenants live there, forming more than one household\n\n- toilet, bathroom or kitchen facilities are shared\n\nA household consists of either a single person or members of the same family who live together. It includes people who are married or living together and people in same-sex relationships.\n\nIf someone in an HMO becomes ill with coronavirus (COVID-19), you do not have to find alternative accommodation for the other tenants. You also cannot make someone leave their home because they have coronavirus. Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\n## Licences\n\nAn HMO must have a licence if it is occupied by 5 or more people. A council can also include other types of HMOs for licensing.\n\nFind out if you need an HMO licence from your council.\n\n## Risk assessment\n\nThe council has to carry out a Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) risk assessment on your HMO within 5 years of receiving a licence application. If the inspector finds any unacceptable risks during the assessment, you must carry out work to eliminate them.\n\n## Reporting changes\n\nYou must tell the council if:\n\n- you plan to make changes to an HMO\n\n- your tenants make changes\n\n- your tenants\u2019 circumstances change (for example they have a child)\n\n## Paying tax and National Insurance\n\nWhen you rent out property you may have to pay tax.\n\n## Running a property business\n\nYou have to pay Class 2 National Insurance if your profits are \u00a36,515 a year or more and what you do counts as running a business, for example if all the following apply:\n\n- being a landlord is your main job\n\n- you rent out more than one property\n\n- you\u2019re buying new properties to rent out\n\nIf your profits are under \u00a36,515, you can make voluntary Class 2 National Insurance payments, for example to make sure you get the full State Pension.\n\nYou do not pay National Insurance if you\u2019re not running a business - even if you do work like arranging repairs, advertising for tenants and arranging tenancy agreements.\n\n## Property you personally own\n\nThe first \u00a31,000 of your income from property rental is tax-free. This is your \u2018property allowance\u2019.\n\nContact HMRC if your income from property rental is between \u00a31,000 and \u00a32,500 a year.\n\nYou must report it on a Self Assessment tax return if it\u2019s:\n\n- \u00a32,500 to \u00a39,999 after allowable expenses\n\n- \u00a310,000 or more before allowable expenses\n\n## Register for Self Assessment\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had rental income.\n\nRegister now\n\n## Declaring unpaid tax\n\nYou can declare unpaid tax by telling HMRC about rental income from previous years. If you have to pay a penalty it\u2019ll be lower than if HMRC find out about the income themselves.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a disclosure reference number. You then have 3 months to work out what you owe and pay it.\n\nDo not include the \u00a31,000 tax-free property allowance for any tax years before 2017 to 2018.\n\n## Property owned by a company\n\nCount the rental income the same way as any other business income.\n\n## Costs you can claim to reduce tax\n\nThere are different tax rules for:\n\n- residential properties\n\n- furnished holiday lettings\n\n- commercial properties\n\n## Residential properties\n\nYou or your company must pay tax on the profit you make from renting out the property, after deductions for \u2018allowable expenses\u2019.\n\nAllowable expenses are things you need to spend money on in the day-to-day running of the property, like:\n\n- letting agents\u2019 fees\n\n- legal fees for lets of a year or less, or for renewing a lease for less than 50 years\n\n- accountants\u2019 fees\n\n- buildings and contents insurance\n\n- interest on property loans\n\n- maintenance and repairs to the property (but not improvements)\n\n- utility bills, like gas, water and electricity\n\n- rent, ground rent, service charges\n\n- Council Tax\n\n- services you pay for, like cleaning or gardening\n\n- other direct costs of letting the property, like phone calls, stationery and advertising\n\nAllowable expenses do not include \u2018capital expenditure\u2019 - like buying a property or renovating it beyond repairs for wear and tear.\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief on money spent on replacing a \u2018domestic item\u2019. This is called \u2018replacement of domestic items relief\u2019.\n\nDomestic items include:\n\n- beds\n\n- sofas\n\n- curtains\n\n- carpets\n\n- fridges\n\n- crockery and cutlery\n\nYou must have only bought the domestic item for use by tenants in a residential property and the item you replaced must no longer be used in that property.\n\nThe replacement of domestic items relief is available from:\n\n- the 2016 to 2017 tax year for individuals and partnerships\n\n- 1 April 2016 for companies\n\n## Furnished residential lettings\n\nYou may be able to claim \u2018wear and tear allowance\u2019:\n\n- for the 2015 to 2016 tax year for individuals and partnerships\n\n- on or before 31 March 2016 for companies\n\n## Furnished holiday lettings\n\nFor furnished holiday homes, you may be able to claim:\n\n- plant and machinery capital allowances on furniture, furnishings and so on in the let property, as well as on equipment used outside the property (like vans and tools)\n\n- Capital Gains Tax reliefs - Business Asset Rollover Relief, Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief, relief for gifts of business assets and relief for loans to traders\n\nYou can only claim these if all the following apply:\n\n- the property is offered to let for at least 210 days a year\n\n- it\u2019s let for more than 105 days a year\n\n- no single let is more than 31 days\n\n- you charge the going rate for similar properties in the area (\u2018market value\u2019)\n\nIf you own the property personally, your profits count as earnings for pension purposes.\n\nYou can download helpsheets to help you with your tax return:\n\n- capital allowances\n\n- furnished holiday lettings\n\n## Commercial properties\n\nYou can claim plant and machinery capital allowances on some items if you rent out a commercial property - like a shop, garage or lock-up.\n\n## Working out your profit\n\nYou work out the net profit or loss for all your property lettings (except furnished holiday lettings) as if it\u2019s a single business. To do this, you:\n\n- add together all your rental income\n\n- add together all your allowable expenses\n\n- take the expenses away from the income\n\nWork out the profit or loss from furnished holiday lettings separately from any other rental business to make sure you only claim these tax advantages for eligible properties.\n\n## Making a loss\n\nDeduct any losses from your profit and enter the figure on your Self Assessment form.\n\nYou can offset your loss against:\n\n- future profits by carrying it forward to a later year\n\n- profits from other properties (if you have them)\n\nYou can only offset losses against future profits in the same business.\n\n## Changing a regulated tenancy (fair rent)\n\nThere are special rules for changing rents and terms for regulated tenancies (sometimes called \u2018fair rents\u2019) which usually started before 15 January 1989.\n\nThere are different rules for increasing rents in regulated tenancies in Scotland and rent-controlled tenancies in Northern Ireland.\n\n## When you can increase rent\n\nYou can only increase the rent up to the maximum set by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) - check the register of rents to find out what it is.\n\nYou can ask VOA to review the rent every 2 years, or earlier if something has affected the value, so that it remains fair. Your rent might increase or decrease.\n\nDownload and fill in a fair rent form to get your rent reviewed. Send the completed form to the VOA Network Support Office by post.\n\nEmail the VOA Network Support Office if you have any questions about increasing your rent.\n\n## If the fair rent increases\n\nYou must serve a notice of increase of rent on your tenant. You can charge the new rent from the date it\u2019s registered.\n\nFill in a \u2018notice of increase\u2019 form (available from legal stationers) and send it to your tenant.\n\nYou can backdate your notice of rent increase for up to 4 weeks.\n\n## Cancel a registered rent\n\nDownload and fill in an application form to cancel a registered rent and send it to the address on the form, for example if the tenancy stops being regulated, or you and the tenant agree to cancel it.\n\nIt may take up to 6 weeks to cancel a registered rent.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renting-out-a-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am renting a property. My landlord has decided to do work on the property that makes half of the rooms unusable. I feel as if I am not getting my money's worth.", + "original_question": "Is there any discount I am eligible to get on my rent for this period?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1839", + "question": "Scenario: I am a landlord who rents out rooms to two tenants, who are not related. I am considering renting out another room. There will be at least three separate people renting rooms in this property.\n\nQuestion: Will I need a licence for a HMO in these circumnstances?\n\nDocument - Renting out your property:\n## Landlord responsibilities\n\nYou\u2019re a landlord if you rent out your property. As a landlord you must:\n\n- keep your rented properties safe and free from health hazards\n\n- make sure all gas and electrical equipment is safely installed and maintained\n\n- provide an Energy Performance Certificate for the property\n\n- protect your tenant\u2019s deposit in a government-approved scheme\n\n- check your tenant has the right to rent your property if it\u2019s in England\n\n- give your tenant a copy of the How to rent checklist when they start renting from you (you can email it to them)\n\nThere are different rules if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and your responsibilities\n\nYour responsibilities as a landlord have not changed because of coronavirus. However, you should follow the government\u2019s coronavirus advice.\n\nRead the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\n## Fire safety\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to:\n\n- fit and test smoke alarms and carbon monoxide alarms\n\n- follow fire safety regulations for property in a purpose-built block of flats or for houses and property adapted into flats\n\n## Health and safety inspections\n\nThe Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) is used by your council to make sure that properties in its area are safe for the people who live there.\nThis involves inspecting your property for possible hazards, such as uneven stairs.\n\nIf you own a property and rent it out, the council may decide to do an HHSRS inspection because:\n\n- your tenants have asked for an inspection\n\n- the council has done a survey of local properties and thinks your property might be hazardous\n\n## HHSRS hazard ratings\n\nInspectors look at 29 health and safety areas and score each hazard they find as category 1 or 2, according to its seriousness.\n\nYou must take action on enforcement notices from your council. You also have the right to appeal enforcement notices.\n\nThe council can do any of the following if they find a serious hazard:\n\n- issue an improvement notice\n\n- fix the hazard themselves and bill you for the cost\n\n- stop you or anyone else from using part or all of the property\n\n## Financial responsibilities\n\nYou have to pay:\n\n- Income Tax on your rental income, minus your day-to-day running expenses\n\n- Class 2 National Insurance if the work you do renting out property counts as running a business\n\nIf you only occasionally rent out your property or part of your home (for example through short-term rental apps), check if you need to tell HMRC about this income.\n\nIf you have a mortgage on the property you want to rent out, you must get permission from your mortgage lender.\n\n## Regulated tenancies\n\nThere are special rules for changing rents and terms for regulated tenancies (usually private tenancies starting before 15 January 1989).\n\n## Making repairs\n\nYou must keep your property in good condition, and any gas or electrical systems must meet specified safety standards.\n\nWhen doing repairs in your property, make sure you keep you and your tenants safe from coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nThere is more information about doing repairs and maintenance in section 3 of the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\nThere are different rules around making repairs if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## When you can enter the property\n\nYou have a legal right to enter your property to inspect it or carry out repairs. You must give your tenants at least 24 hours\u2019 notice, although immediate access may be possible in emergencies. Your tenants have the right to stay in the property during the repairs.\n\nYou\u2019re normally responsible for repairs to:\n\n- the structure of your property\n\n- basins, sinks, baths and other sanitary fittings\n\n- heating and hot water systems\n\n- anything you damage through attempting repairs\n\nIf your property is seriously damaged by a fire, flood or other similar incident, you do not have to rebuild or renovate it. However, if you do, you cannot charge your tenants for any repairs made.\n\n## Common areas\n\nIf you own a block of flats, you\u2019re usually responsible for repairing common areas, like staircases. Councils can ask landlords to fix problems in common areas, or to repair a tenant\u2019s flat that\u2019s been damaged by another tenant.\n\n## What happens if repairs are not done properly\n\nIf you refuse to carry out repairs, tenants can:\n\n- start a claim in the small claims court for repairs under \u00a35,000\n\n- in some circumstances, carry out the repairs themselves and deduct the cost from their rent\n\nIf you do not make repairs to remove hazards, your tenants can ask the council to inspect the property under the Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) and to take any action that is necessary.\n\nIf the council finds serious hazards, it must take enforcement action to make sure the hazard is removed.\n\n## If the property is temporarily unfit to live in\n\nYou can ask tenants to move out during major repairs. Before this happens, you should agree in writing:\n\n- how long the works will last\n\n- the tenants\u2019 right to return\n\n- details of any alternative accommodation\n\nYou cannot repossess a property to do repairs. However, if you\u2019re planning substantial works, or want to redevelop the property, you can apply to the courts for an order for your tenants to leave. The courts are more likely to grant this if you provide alternative accommodation.\n\n## Repairs and charging rent\n\nIf the repairs are very disruptive, your tenants may be able to claim a reduction on their rent known as a \u2018rent abatement\u2019. This will depend on how much of the property is unusable.\n\nYou may have the right to increase the rent after carrying out repairs and improvements, depending on the tenancy agreement.\n\n## Rent increases\n\nThe tenancy agreement should include how and when you\u2019ll review the rent.\n\nThere are special rules for increasing regulated tenancy rents.\n\n## When you can increase rent\n\nFor a periodic tenancy (rolling on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis) you can usually only increase the rent once a year.\n\nFor a fixed-term tenancy (running for a set period) you can only increase the rent if your tenancy agreement permits this. Otherwise, you can only raise the rent when the fixed term ends.\n\n## How you can increase the rent\n\nIf a fixed-term tenancy agreement says how the rent can be increased, you must stick to this.\n\nFor a periodic tenancy, you can:\n\n- agree a rent increase with your tenants and produce a written record of the agreement that you both sign\n\n- use a \u2018Landlord\u2019s notice proposing a new rent\u2019 form, giving your tenant at least a month\u2019s notice\n\nThere are different rules around increasing rent if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\nThe rent increase must be fair and realistic - that is, in line with reasonable rents on the open market.\n\n## If your tenants do not agree\n\nIf your tenants think the rent increase is unfair, they can ask the First Tier Property Tribunal to decide the right amount.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and rent\n\nTenant responsibilities have not changed because of coronavirus. Your tenant should continue to pay rent if they can.\n\nIf your tenant is unable to pay their rent, you can agree a different way to pay. For example, you can agree to accept a lower rent payment for a set amount of time and they pay off the rent arrears later.\n\nRead the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\nYou and your tenant can get advice from Shelter, Citizens Advice and the Money Advice Service.\n\n## Settling disputes\n\nYou can often sort out disputes with your tenants without going to court:\n\n- Speak to your tenants about your concerns.\n\n- If this does not work, write a formal letter setting out the problem.\n\n- Use a mediation service, which is usually cheaper and quicker than going to court.\n\n- As a last resort, you can take your tenants to court.\n\nThere are different rules for settling disputes if you rent out property in Scotland or Northern Ireland.\n\n## Going to court\n\nIf you take legal action, the case may go to a small claims court. Small claims cases are those worth less than \u00a310,000 (or \u00a31,000 if the case is about repairs to a property).\n\nThe courts provide a free mediation service for small claims cases, which can take place over the phone.\n\nIf you want to get your property back because your tenants owe you rent money, you can make a possession claim online.\n\nYou must follow specific rules if you want to evict tenants.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) and possession claims\n\nThe court process for possession claims is different because of coronavirus.\n\nYou must tell the court if your tenant and their dependants have been affected by coronavirus. For example, if they lost income because of coronavirus, which meant they were not able to pay your rent.\n\n## Free advice for disputes\n\nYou can get free advice about disputes or housing problems from Citizens Advice or Shelter.\n\nIn Wales, you can contact Shelter Cymru.\n\nYou might be able to get free and confidential legal advice from Civil Legal Advice (CLA) as part of legal aid, if you\u2019re in England and Wales.\n\nA solicitor can also help you, but they might charge a fee.\n\n## Houses in Multiple Occupation (HMO)\n\nIf you let your property to several tenants who are not members of the same family, it may be a \u2018House in Multiple Occupation\u2019 (HMO).\n\nThe rules about HMOs are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nYour property is an HMO if both of the following apply:\n\n- at least 3 tenants live there, forming more than one household\n\n- toilet, bathroom or kitchen facilities are shared\n\nA household consists of either a single person or members of the same family who live together. It includes people who are married or living together and people in same-sex relationships.\n\nIf someone in an HMO becomes ill with coronavirus (COVID-19), you do not have to find alternative accommodation for the other tenants. You also cannot make someone leave their home because they have coronavirus. Read the coronavirus and renting guidance for tenants and landlords.\n\n## Licences\n\nAn HMO must have a licence if it is occupied by 5 or more people. A council can also include other types of HMOs for licensing.\n\nFind out if you need an HMO licence from your council.\n\n## Risk assessment\n\nThe council has to carry out a Housing Health and Safety Rating System (HHSRS) risk assessment on your HMO within 5 years of receiving a licence application. If the inspector finds any unacceptable risks during the assessment, you must carry out work to eliminate them.\n\n## Reporting changes\n\nYou must tell the council if:\n\n- you plan to make changes to an HMO\n\n- your tenants make changes\n\n- your tenants\u2019 circumstances change (for example they have a child)\n\n## Paying tax and National Insurance\n\nWhen you rent out property you may have to pay tax.\n\n## Running a property business\n\nYou have to pay Class 2 National Insurance if your profits are \u00a36,515 a year or more and what you do counts as running a business, for example if all the following apply:\n\n- being a landlord is your main job\n\n- you rent out more than one property\n\n- you\u2019re buying new properties to rent out\n\nIf your profits are under \u00a36,515, you can make voluntary Class 2 National Insurance payments, for example to make sure you get the full State Pension.\n\nYou do not pay National Insurance if you\u2019re not running a business - even if you do work like arranging repairs, advertising for tenants and arranging tenancy agreements.\n\n## Property you personally own\n\nThe first \u00a31,000 of your income from property rental is tax-free. This is your \u2018property allowance\u2019.\n\nContact HMRC if your income from property rental is between \u00a31,000 and \u00a32,500 a year.\n\nYou must report it on a Self Assessment tax return if it\u2019s:\n\n- \u00a32,500 to \u00a39,999 after allowable expenses\n\n- \u00a310,000 or more before allowable expenses\n\n## Register for Self Assessment\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had rental income.\n\nRegister now\n\n## Declaring unpaid tax\n\nYou can declare unpaid tax by telling HMRC about rental income from previous years. If you have to pay a penalty it\u2019ll be lower than if HMRC find out about the income themselves.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a disclosure reference number. You then have 3 months to work out what you owe and pay it.\n\nDo not include the \u00a31,000 tax-free property allowance for any tax years before 2017 to 2018.\n\n## Property owned by a company\n\nCount the rental income the same way as any other business income.\n\n## Costs you can claim to reduce tax\n\nThere are different tax rules for:\n\n- residential properties\n\n- furnished holiday lettings\n\n- commercial properties\n\n## Residential properties\n\nYou or your company must pay tax on the profit you make from renting out the property, after deductions for \u2018allowable expenses\u2019.\n\nAllowable expenses are things you need to spend money on in the day-to-day running of the property, like:\n\n- letting agents\u2019 fees\n\n- legal fees for lets of a year or less, or for renewing a lease for less than 50 years\n\n- accountants\u2019 fees\n\n- buildings and contents insurance\n\n- interest on property loans\n\n- maintenance and repairs to the property (but not improvements)\n\n- utility bills, like gas, water and electricity\n\n- rent, ground rent, service charges\n\n- Council Tax\n\n- services you pay for, like cleaning or gardening\n\n- other direct costs of letting the property, like phone calls, stationery and advertising\n\nAllowable expenses do not include \u2018capital expenditure\u2019 - like buying a property or renovating it beyond repairs for wear and tear.\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief on money spent on replacing a \u2018domestic item\u2019. This is called \u2018replacement of domestic items relief\u2019.\n\nDomestic items include:\n\n- beds\n\n- sofas\n\n- curtains\n\n- carpets\n\n- fridges\n\n- crockery and cutlery\n\nYou must have only bought the domestic item for use by tenants in a residential property and the item you replaced must no longer be used in that property.\n\nThe replacement of domestic items relief is available from:\n\n- the 2016 to 2017 tax year for individuals and partnerships\n\n- 1 April 2016 for companies\n\n## Furnished residential lettings\n\nYou may be able to claim \u2018wear and tear allowance\u2019:\n\n- for the 2015 to 2016 tax year for individuals and partnerships\n\n- on or before 31 March 2016 for companies\n\n## Furnished holiday lettings\n\nFor furnished holiday homes, you may be able to claim:\n\n- plant and machinery capital allowances on furniture, furnishings and so on in the let property, as well as on equipment used outside the property (like vans and tools)\n\n- Capital Gains Tax reliefs - Business Asset Rollover Relief, Entrepreneurs\u2019 Relief, relief for gifts of business assets and relief for loans to traders\n\nYou can only claim these if all the following apply:\n\n- the property is offered to let for at least 210 days a year\n\n- it\u2019s let for more than 105 days a year\n\n- no single let is more than 31 days\n\n- you charge the going rate for similar properties in the area (\u2018market value\u2019)\n\nIf you own the property personally, your profits count as earnings for pension purposes.\n\nYou can download helpsheets to help you with your tax return:\n\n- capital allowances\n\n- furnished holiday lettings\n\n## Commercial properties\n\nYou can claim plant and machinery capital allowances on some items if you rent out a commercial property - like a shop, garage or lock-up.\n\n## Working out your profit\n\nYou work out the net profit or loss for all your property lettings (except furnished holiday lettings) as if it\u2019s a single business. To do this, you:\n\n- add together all your rental income\n\n- add together all your allowable expenses\n\n- take the expenses away from the income\n\nWork out the profit or loss from furnished holiday lettings separately from any other rental business to make sure you only claim these tax advantages for eligible properties.\n\n## Making a loss\n\nDeduct any losses from your profit and enter the figure on your Self Assessment form.\n\nYou can offset your loss against:\n\n- future profits by carrying it forward to a later year\n\n- profits from other properties (if you have them)\n\nYou can only offset losses against future profits in the same business.\n\n## Changing a regulated tenancy (fair rent)\n\nThere are special rules for changing rents and terms for regulated tenancies (sometimes called \u2018fair rents\u2019) which usually started before 15 January 1989.\n\nThere are different rules for increasing rents in regulated tenancies in Scotland and rent-controlled tenancies in Northern Ireland.\n\n## When you can increase rent\n\nYou can only increase the rent up to the maximum set by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) - check the register of rents to find out what it is.\n\nYou can ask VOA to review the rent every 2 years, or earlier if something has affected the value, so that it remains fair. Your rent might increase or decrease.\n\nDownload and fill in a fair rent form to get your rent reviewed. Send the completed form to the VOA Network Support Office by post.\n\nEmail the VOA Network Support Office if you have any questions about increasing your rent.\n\n## If the fair rent increases\n\nYou must serve a notice of increase of rent on your tenant. You can charge the new rent from the date it\u2019s registered.\n\nFill in a \u2018notice of increase\u2019 form (available from legal stationers) and send it to your tenant.\n\nYou can backdate your notice of rent increase for up to 4 weeks.\n\n## Cancel a registered rent\n\nDownload and fill in an application form to cancel a registered rent and send it to the address on the form, for example if the tenancy stops being regulated, or you and the tenant agree to cancel it.\n\nIt may take up to 6 weeks to cancel a registered rent.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/renting-out-a-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a landlord who rents out rooms to two tenants, who are not related. I am considering renting out another room. There will be at least three separate people renting rooms in this property.", + "original_question": "Will I need a licence for a HMO in these circumnstances?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1841", + "question": "Scenario: My mother is a leaseholder and is very concerned about knowing if the house has insurance. She has witnessed a lot of people losing lives due to fire outbreaks and loss of property.\n\nQuestion: Can she ask the landlord for the insurance policy summary?\n\nDocument - Leasehold property:\n## Overview\n\nYou only own a leasehold property for a fixed period of time.\n\nYou\u2019ll have a legal agreement with the landlord (sometimes known as the \u2018freeholder\u2019) called a \u2018lease\u2019. This tells you how many years you\u2019ll own the property.\n\nOwnership of the property returns to the landlord when the lease comes to an end.\n\nMost flats are leasehold. Houses can be leasehold too and usually are if they\u2019re bought through a shared ownership scheme.\n\nThe rules about leasehold property are different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Leaseholder rights and responsibilities\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour lease will tell you what conditions you\u2019ve agreed to, for example:\n\n- if you need permission to make alterations\n\n- how much you\u2019ll have to pay to maintain the property\n\n- whether you or your landlord has responsibility for repairs and dealing with noisy neighbours\n\nYou might be taken to court and be ordered to pay for any damage If you do not follow the conditions of the lease. The court may also take away your lease.\n\n## Your rights\n\nYou have the right to:\n\n- get information about service charges or insurance\n\n- know the landlord\u2019s (freeholder\u2019s) name and address\n\n- be consulted about certain maintenance and running costs\n\n- challenge certain charges under some circumstances\n\n## Service charges and other expenses\n\n## Service charges\n\nYour lease sets out the way the service charge is organised and what can be charged. If you pay a service charge, you have the right to:\n\n- ask for a summary showing how the charge is worked out and what it\u2019s spent on\n\n- see any paperwork supporting the summary, such as receipts\n\nYour landlord must give you this information - it\u2019s a criminal offence if they do not.\n\n## Ground rent\n\nYou do not have to pay ground rent unless your landlord has sent you a formal, written demand for it. They can take legal action if you do not pay after you\u2019ve received the demand.\n\nYour landlord can recover unpaid ground rent going back 6 years - they can ask you for the full amount in one go.\n\nYour landlord can only increase the ground rent if you agree to the increase or the lease says this can happen.\n\n## Building insurance\n\nYour landlord will usually be responsible for insurance of the building (not the contents) - this will be part of your service charge.\n\nYou have a right to:\n\n- ask for a summary of the insurance policy\n\n- challenge the cost through a tribunal if you think it\u2019s unreasonable\n\n## Reserve or sinking funds\n\nYou might have to pay into a fund to help cover any unexpected maintenance or repairs, like replacing the roof. There are rules about how landlords must manage these funds.\n\nYou will not usually be able to get back any money you pay into them, for example if you move house.\n\n## Consulting over charges\n\nYou have the right to be consulted about charges for running or maintaining the building if you have to pay more than:\n\n- \u00a3250 for planned work\n\n- \u00a3100 per year for work and services lasting more than 12 months\n\nThere are steps your landlord must follow when they consult you, known as a \u2018Section 20\u2019 consultation. There\u2019s a limit on how much you have to pay if you have not been consulted properly - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Disputing a charge\n\nYou may be able to apply to a tribunal if you pay a charge and you:\n\n- think it\u2019s unreasonable\n\n- think the standard of work it relates to is unsatisfactory\n\n- do not think you should be paying it at all\n\nContact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\nYou cannot apply to the tribunal if:\n\n- you\u2019ve agreed to pay the charge\n\n- the dispute is already being dealt with, for example by the court\n\n- you pay a fixed charge\n\nTry mediation - you may also be able to change the management of your building instead.\n\nYour landlord can take you to court if you stop paying a charge you\u2019re responsible for.\n\n## More information\n\nThe Leasehold Advisory Service has more information on service charges and other issues.\n\n## Extending, changing or ending a lease\n\n## Extending the lease\n\nYou can ask the landlord to extend your lease at any time.\n\nYou might be able to extend your lease by:\n\n- 90 years on a flat if you qualify\n\n- 50 years on a house if you qualify\n\nThe Leasehold Advisory Service\u2019s (LAS) lease extension calculator gives you a guide to the costs of extending the lease of a flat.\n\n## Changing the lease\n\nYou can negotiate certain changes to the lease, sometimes known as \u2018varying the lease\u2019. Speak to your landlord first.\n\nIf you cannot agree, you may be able to apply to a tribunal - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Ending the lease\n\nIt\u2019s very rare that a landlord can end the lease and evict you. There are some circumstances and leases that let them do this, sometimes known as \u2018forfeiture proceedings\u2019. They need to send you a formal written notice and get the court\u2019s permission.\n\nYou can usually end a lease by giving at least 1 month\u2019s notice.\n\nThe LAS has information about ending a lease.\n\n## When the lease runs out\n\nYou do not have to leave the property when the lease expires. In law, a lease is a tenancy and the leaseholder is a tenant. The tenancy will continue on exactly the same terms unless you or the landlord decide to end it.\n\n## Buying the freehold\n\nYou can ask the landlord to sell you the freehold at any time.\n\nThere are different legal steps and rules depending on whether your home is a:\n\n- flat - you\u2019ll need to buy a share of the freehold\n\n- house - you may have the right to buy the freehold\n\n## Right of first refusal\n\nLandlords who want to sell the freehold of a building containing flats usually have to offer the leaseholders the first chance to buy it. This is known as your right of first refusal.\n\nThere are different rules and steps to buying the freehold of your home in Northern Ireland\n\n## Right to Manage and management disputes\n\nYou may be able to change the management of your building if you\u2019re unhappy with the way it\u2019s being run and you live in a leasehold flat. You can either:\n\n- ask a tribunal to appoint a new manager\n\n- take over the management responsibilities, known as your \u2018Right to Manage\u2019\n\n## Appoint a new manager\n\nYou must prove bad management if you want to appoint a new manager, for example:\n\n- you have to pay unreasonable service charges\n\n- the landlord has not complied with an approved code of management practice\n\nApply to a tribunal in England, or the Leasehold Valuation Tribunals in Wales.\n\nYou can only apply to the tribunal if you\u2019ve sent the landlord a \u2018Section 22 notice\u2019 - this gives them a chance to fix the problems. Contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\n## Right to Manage\n\nThe Right to Manage lets you and the other leaseholders take over certain management responsibilities from the landlord without having to prove bad management.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find out if you qualify - contact Leasehold Advisory Service for advice.\n\nYou and the other leaseholders can manage the building yourselves or pay a managing agent to do it.\n\n## Leasehold disputes\n\nThere is a different dispute process in Wales.\n\nYou can use a mediation service to help you and your landlord come to an agreement if you are in dispute about your lease. You might have to pay a fee.\n\nYou can also get free advice from the Leasehold Advisory Service (LAS) on issues like:\n\n- service charges\n\n- extending your lease\n\n- buying the freehold\n\n## Apply to a tribunal\n\nYou can apply to a tribunal if you\u2019re in a dispute with your landlord, for example:\n\n- service or administration charges\n\n- the cost of building insurance\n\n- appointment of a manager\n\n- Right to Manage\n\n- breach of a lease\n\n- varying a lease\n\n- recognising a tenants\u2019 association\n\n- buying the freehold\n\n- extending the lease\n\nApply to the Leasehold Valuation Tribunals if you\u2019re in Wales.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leasehold-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My mother is a leaseholder and is very concerned about knowing if the house has insurance. She has witnessed a lot of people losing lives due to fire outbreaks and loss of property.", + "original_question": "Can she ask the landlord for the insurance policy summary?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1844", + "question": "Scenario: I have tried to make alterations to the shop front. My application to the planning committee was rejected. Five weeks have past, and after being informed that this should have been accepted, we are considering appealing the decision.\n\nQuestion: Are we still able to appeal this decision?\n\nDocument - Appeal a minor commercial development decision:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority makes decisions on applications about minor commercial developments, for example ground floor alterations like shop fronts and security shutters.\n\nYou can appeal a minor commercial development decision if you disagree with it.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\nOnly the person who made the application can appeal.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 12 weeks of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.\n\nThe deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice - you must appeal within 28 days of the notice.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- the site ownership certificate\n\n- the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit:\n\n- a map of the surrounding area\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal\n\nYou can upload these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nNo-one can comment on a minor commercial development decision appeal.\n\nYour local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal.\n\nThey have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-minor-commercial-development-decision", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have tried to make alterations to the shop front. My application to the planning committee was rejected. Five weeks have past, and after being informed that this should have been accepted, we are considering appealing the decision.", + "original_question": "Are we still able to appeal this decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1846", + "question": "Scenario: My brother wants to buy a canoe boat to spend his summer holiday rowing along the river Thames. He wants to register so that he can use it.\n\nQuestion: Will he need to insure it ?\n\nDocument - Register a boat:\n## Overview\n\nYou usually need to register or licence your boat if you want to keep or use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use to find out.\n\nA boat is:\n\n- any vessel with or without a motor, for example a sailing boat, river boat, canal boat or houseboat\n\n- any \u2018open boat\u2019 such as canoe, paddle board, rowing boat or dinghy\n\nTo get a boat registration you may need:\n\n- insurance\n\n- a Boat Safety Scheme (BSS) certificate\n\nYou must renew each year for the waterway you want to keep or use your boat on. You can buy a visitor registration or licence for shorter periods.\n\n## Carry more than 12 passengers\n\nYou must have a passenger-carrying certificate issued by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency if you want to carry more than 12 passengers.\n\n## Commercial use\n\nYou must apply for a boatmaster\u2019s licence if you want to use your boat commercially.\n\n## Use at sea\n\nYou can register your boat with the UK Ship Register for use at sea.\n\n## Who to contact\n\nRegister or license your boat with the navigation authority responsible for the waterway you want to use.\n\n## Most canals and some rivers, like the Severn, Trent and Ouse\n\nRegister with the Canal & River Trust.\n\n## Norfolk and Suffolk Broads, and adjacent waters\n\nRegister with the Broads Authority.\n\n## River Thames, River Medway, and the rivers of East Anglia\n\nDownload the application form for the waterway you want to use and register with the Environment Agency:\n\n- River Thames\n\n- River Medway\n\n- Anglian waterways (Great Ouse System, River Nene, River Stour, River Ancholme, Black Sluice, River Welland and River Glen)\n\n- Rye Harbour\n\nRiver Thames annual registrations run from 1 January to 31 December. Other registrations run from 1 April to 31 March.\n\n## The Royal Military Canal\n\nYou do not need to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam in Shorncliffe, Kent and Iden Lock in Cliffe End, East Sussex.\n\nContact Shepway District Council to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam and Seabrook.\n\n## Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\nCheck if you need to register your boat with Scottish Canals or NI Direct.\n\n## Other areas\n\nCheck with the Inland Waterways Association to find the navigation authority for other areas.\n\n## Using more than one waterway\n\nYou can buy a \u2018gold licence\u2019 which lets you use all Environment Agency and Canal & River Trust waterways.\n\n## Canoe or rowing boat exemptions\n\nYou may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.\n\nRowing clubs or associations can register a rowing boat for use on some waterways through British Rowing.\n\n## Penalties\n\nAn enforcement officer may put an enforcement notice on your boat if it\u2019s on an inland waterway and:\n\n- it\u2019s not licensed or registered\n\n- it\u2019s not licensed or registered for the waterway you\u2019re using\n\n- your licence or registration is not displayed\n\n- it breaches the terms and conditions of the licence or registration\n\nCheck your licence or registration for additional rules that apply to your waterway.\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a31,000 or have your boat removed if you do not display an up-to-date licence or registration.\n\n## Questions about a penalty notice\n\nContact your navigation authority if you have questions about a penalty notice.\n\n## The UK Ship Register\n\nYou need to register your boat with the UK Ship Register to use it at sea.\n\nWhether you can use the register depends on your citizenship status. Check the eligibility requirements for each part of the UK Ship Register.\n\nThere are 4 different parts of the register. Which part you use depends on what you\u2019re using your boat for:\n\n- Part 1 - commercial or pleasure boats\n\n- Part 2 - fishing boats\n\n- Part 3 - small boats\n\n- Part 4 - charter boats\n\n## Part 1 registration - commercial or pleasure boats\n\nYou can use Part 1 of the register if you have either:\n\n- a commercial boat, unless you plan to use it for fishing\n\n- a \u2018pleasure vessel\u2019 - this means you do not make any money from it\n\nRegistering your boat on Part 1 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to:\n\n- get a marine mortgage against your boat\n\n- spend more than 6 months outside the UK\n\nIt costs \u00a3153 to register for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew. It costs \u00a372 to renew your registration for another 5 years.\n\n## Part 2 registration - fishing boats\n\nUse Part 2 of the register if you\u2019re using your boat to catch and sell fish.\n\nYou can choose from \u2018simple\u2019 or \u2018full\u2019 registration. If you choose full registration you can get a marine mortgage against your boat.\n\nTo register for 5 years it costs:\n\n- \u00a3159 for simple registration\n\n- \u00a3196 for full registration\n\n## Part 3 registration - small boats\n\nUse Part 3 of the register (small ships register) if:\n\n- your boat is less than 24 metres long\n\n- your boat is a pleasure vessel\n\n- you live in the UK for at least 185 days of the year\n\nYou cannot use Part 3 of the register if you\u2019re a business.\n\nRegistering on Part 3 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to prove your boat\u2019s nationality when sailing outside UK waters.\n\nIt costs \u00a335 for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew.\n\n## Part 4 registration - charter boats\n\nUse Part 4 of the register if you plan to hire out (charter) your boat.\n\nIt costs between \u00a335 and \u00a3196 for 5 years. The amount you\u2019ll pay depends on the type of boat you\u2019re registering.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou can register your boat online. You\u2019ll need to create an account if you do not already have one.\n\nIf you own the boat with other people, all owners must have an account before you can register your boat online.\n\nStart now\n\nYou can pay by debit or credit card.\n\nYou can also use the online service to renew, cancel or change the details of your registration.\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- the dimensions of your boat\n\n- the previous registration details of the boat (if it\u2019s been registered before)\n\n- the bill of sale\n\n- the radio signal detail - including your UK radio call sign, Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number and International Maritime Organization (IMO) number\n\n- the builders certificate\n\n- a certificate of survey for tonnage and measurement\n\n- an international tonnage certificate (ITC69)\n\n- safety certificates\n\n## Other ways to register\n\nYou can also register by post. Download and fill in the form for the type of boat you want to register.\n\n## Contact\n\nYou can contact the UK Ship Register by email, phone or post.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother wants to buy a canoe boat to spend his summer holiday rowing along the river Thames. He wants to register so that he can use it.", + "original_question": "Will he need to insure it ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1847", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Mark owns a canoe boat along the river Severn. It is not registered nor licensed . He sometimes rows it to different waterways during summer.\n\nQuestion: Can he be penalised?\n\nDocument - Register a boat:\n## Overview\n\nYou usually need to register or licence your boat if you want to keep or use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use to find out.\n\nA boat is:\n\n- any vessel with or without a motor, for example a sailing boat, river boat, canal boat or houseboat\n\n- any \u2018open boat\u2019 such as canoe, paddle board, rowing boat or dinghy\n\nTo get a boat registration you may need:\n\n- insurance\n\n- a Boat Safety Scheme (BSS) certificate\n\nYou must renew each year for the waterway you want to keep or use your boat on. You can buy a visitor registration or licence for shorter periods.\n\n## Carry more than 12 passengers\n\nYou must have a passenger-carrying certificate issued by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency if you want to carry more than 12 passengers.\n\n## Commercial use\n\nYou must apply for a boatmaster\u2019s licence if you want to use your boat commercially.\n\n## Use at sea\n\nYou can register your boat with the UK Ship Register for use at sea.\n\n## Who to contact\n\nRegister or license your boat with the navigation authority responsible for the waterway you want to use.\n\n## Most canals and some rivers, like the Severn, Trent and Ouse\n\nRegister with the Canal & River Trust.\n\n## Norfolk and Suffolk Broads, and adjacent waters\n\nRegister with the Broads Authority.\n\n## River Thames, River Medway, and the rivers of East Anglia\n\nDownload the application form for the waterway you want to use and register with the Environment Agency:\n\n- River Thames\n\n- River Medway\n\n- Anglian waterways (Great Ouse System, River Nene, River Stour, River Ancholme, Black Sluice, River Welland and River Glen)\n\n- Rye Harbour\n\nRiver Thames annual registrations run from 1 January to 31 December. Other registrations run from 1 April to 31 March.\n\n## The Royal Military Canal\n\nYou do not need to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam in Shorncliffe, Kent and Iden Lock in Cliffe End, East Sussex.\n\nContact Shepway District Council to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam and Seabrook.\n\n## Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\nCheck if you need to register your boat with Scottish Canals or NI Direct.\n\n## Other areas\n\nCheck with the Inland Waterways Association to find the navigation authority for other areas.\n\n## Using more than one waterway\n\nYou can buy a \u2018gold licence\u2019 which lets you use all Environment Agency and Canal & River Trust waterways.\n\n## Canoe or rowing boat exemptions\n\nYou may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.\n\nRowing clubs or associations can register a rowing boat for use on some waterways through British Rowing.\n\n## Penalties\n\nAn enforcement officer may put an enforcement notice on your boat if it\u2019s on an inland waterway and:\n\n- it\u2019s not licensed or registered\n\n- it\u2019s not licensed or registered for the waterway you\u2019re using\n\n- your licence or registration is not displayed\n\n- it breaches the terms and conditions of the licence or registration\n\nCheck your licence or registration for additional rules that apply to your waterway.\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a31,000 or have your boat removed if you do not display an up-to-date licence or registration.\n\n## Questions about a penalty notice\n\nContact your navigation authority if you have questions about a penalty notice.\n\n## The UK Ship Register\n\nYou need to register your boat with the UK Ship Register to use it at sea.\n\nWhether you can use the register depends on your citizenship status. Check the eligibility requirements for each part of the UK Ship Register.\n\nThere are 4 different parts of the register. Which part you use depends on what you\u2019re using your boat for:\n\n- Part 1 - commercial or pleasure boats\n\n- Part 2 - fishing boats\n\n- Part 3 - small boats\n\n- Part 4 - charter boats\n\n## Part 1 registration - commercial or pleasure boats\n\nYou can use Part 1 of the register if you have either:\n\n- a commercial boat, unless you plan to use it for fishing\n\n- a \u2018pleasure vessel\u2019 - this means you do not make any money from it\n\nRegistering your boat on Part 1 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to:\n\n- get a marine mortgage against your boat\n\n- spend more than 6 months outside the UK\n\nIt costs \u00a3153 to register for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew. It costs \u00a372 to renew your registration for another 5 years.\n\n## Part 2 registration - fishing boats\n\nUse Part 2 of the register if you\u2019re using your boat to catch and sell fish.\n\nYou can choose from \u2018simple\u2019 or \u2018full\u2019 registration. If you choose full registration you can get a marine mortgage against your boat.\n\nTo register for 5 years it costs:\n\n- \u00a3159 for simple registration\n\n- \u00a3196 for full registration\n\n## Part 3 registration - small boats\n\nUse Part 3 of the register (small ships register) if:\n\n- your boat is less than 24 metres long\n\n- your boat is a pleasure vessel\n\n- you live in the UK for at least 185 days of the year\n\nYou cannot use Part 3 of the register if you\u2019re a business.\n\nRegistering on Part 3 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to prove your boat\u2019s nationality when sailing outside UK waters.\n\nIt costs \u00a335 for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew.\n\n## Part 4 registration - charter boats\n\nUse Part 4 of the register if you plan to hire out (charter) your boat.\n\nIt costs between \u00a335 and \u00a3196 for 5 years. The amount you\u2019ll pay depends on the type of boat you\u2019re registering.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou can register your boat online. You\u2019ll need to create an account if you do not already have one.\n\nIf you own the boat with other people, all owners must have an account before you can register your boat online.\n\nStart now\n\nYou can pay by debit or credit card.\n\nYou can also use the online service to renew, cancel or change the details of your registration.\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- the dimensions of your boat\n\n- the previous registration details of the boat (if it\u2019s been registered before)\n\n- the bill of sale\n\n- the radio signal detail - including your UK radio call sign, Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number and International Maritime Organization (IMO) number\n\n- the builders certificate\n\n- a certificate of survey for tonnage and measurement\n\n- an international tonnage certificate (ITC69)\n\n- safety certificates\n\n## Other ways to register\n\nYou can also register by post. Download and fill in the form for the type of boat you want to register.\n\n## Contact\n\nYou can contact the UK Ship Register by email, phone or post.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Mark owns a canoe boat along the river Severn. It is not registered nor licensed . He sometimes rows it to different waterways during summer.", + "original_question": "Can he be penalised?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1848", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Ann and I have joint property ownership. Ann has been diagnosed with schizophrenia and can't sign legal documents but she has a deputy. I want to sell the property.\n\nQuestion: Can I appoint her deputy to represent her during property selling process?\n\nDocument - Joint property ownership:\n## Overview\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou must decide which type of joint ownership you want if you buy, inherit or become a trustee of a property with someone else. You tell HM Land Registry about this when you register the property.\n\nYou can own a property as either \u2018joint tenants\u2019 or \u2018tenants in common\u2019.\n\nThe type of ownership affects what you can do with the property if your relationship with a joint owner breaks down, or if one owner dies.\n\nYou can get legal advice from someone who specialises in property.\n\n## Joint tenants\n\nAs joint tenants (sometimes called \u2018beneficial joint tenants\u2019):\n\n- you have equal rights to the whole property\n\n- the property automatically goes to the other owners if you die\n\n- you cannot pass on your ownership of the property in your will\n\n## Tenants in common\n\nAs tenants in common:\n\n- you can own different shares of the property\n\n- the property does not automatically go to the other owners if you die\n\n- you can pass on your share of the property in your will\n\n## Change your type of ownership\n\nYou can change from being either:\n\n- joint tenants to tenants in common, for example if you divorce or separate and want to leave your share of the property to someone else\n\n- tenants in common to joint tenants, for example if you get married and want to have equal rights to the whole property\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to do this.\n\nYou can also change from sole ownership to tenants in common or joint tenants, for example, if you want to add your partner as joint owner. This is called transferring ownership.\n\n## Sell the property if the other owner has lost mental capacity\n\nYou\u2019ll have to apply to the Court of Protection if you want to sell the property but the other owner has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019.\n\n## Check your ownership details\n\nYou can find out what type of joint ownership you have by checking documents such as a:\n\n- property transfer\n\n- property lease\n\n- trust deed, also known as a \u2018declaration of trust\u2019 (a document stating an owner\u2019s share in a jointly owned property)\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can help you check what type of joint ownership you have if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nYour type of ownership can sometimes change without your knowledge, for example if one of the other owners goes bankrupt.\n\n## Change from joint tenants to tenants in common\n\nThis is called \u2018severance of joint tenancy\u2019. You should apply for a \u2018Form A restriction\u2019.\n\nYou can make this change without the other owners\u2019 agreement.\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.\n\n## How to apply if the other owners do not agree to the change\n\n- Serve a written notice of the change (a \u2018notice of severance\u2019) on the other owners - a conveyancer can help you do this.\n\n- Download and fill in form SEV to register a restriction without the other owners\u2019 agreement. You can also fill in form RX1 to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if you cannot provide any of the evidence of severance options listed in form SEV.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou should include an original or certified copy of the notice of severance signed by all the owners.\n\nIf you cannot get the other owners\u2019 signatures you can instead send a letter certifying that you\u2019ve done one of the following with the notice of severance:\n\n- given it to all the other owners\n\n- left it at the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address in the UK\n\n- sent it by registered post or recorded delivery to the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address and it has not been returned undelivered\n\n## How to apply if the other owners agree to the change\n\n- Download and fill in form SEV to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if all owners agree.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Where to send your application\n\n## Change from tenants in common to joint tenants\n\nYou need the agreement of all the other joint owners to change from being tenants in common to joint tenants.\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Fill in a new or updated trust deed - a conveyancer can help you do this.\n\n- Download and fill in the form to cancel a restriction, if one has been registered.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou must include one of the following:\n\n- an original or certified copy of the new or updated trust deed signed by all the owners\n\n- a certified copy of a transfer showing that all owners with individual shares of the property have transferred these to all the beneficial joint tenants\n\n- a certificate from your conveyancer confirming that all owners with shares of the property have signed a new trust deed\n\nYou must also include either:\n\n- a statutory declaration prepared by your conveyancer\n\n- a \u2018statement of truth\u2019 - either one you\u2019ve prepared yourself or using form ST5\n\nA statement of truth must be:\n\n- in writing and include the wording \u201cI believe that the facts and matters contained in this statement are true\u201d\n\n- signed by the person who makes it\n\nThe supporting documents must prove all the following:\n\n- nobody else except the named joint owners have shares of the property\n\n- none of the joint owners is being made bankrupt, has a charging order from creditors or is mortgaging their share of the property\n\n- all the joint owners now own the property together as beneficial joint tenants\n\n## Where to send your application\n\n## Selling when an owner has lost mental capacity\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re one of 2 or more owners of property or land\n\n- one of the owners has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019\n\n- you want to sell the property or land\n\nLosing mental capacity means someone cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made.\n\nThis means that:\n\n- the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity cannot sign legally binding documents and needs help to make decisions\n\n- you\u2019ll have to apply to appoint someone to take the place of the owner who\u2019s lost capacity so the sale can go ahead\n\n## Appoint someone to act on behalf of an owner\n\nYou\u2019ll have to appoint someone to act on behalf of the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity even if:\n\n- you\u2019re already acting on behalf of an owner as a \u2018deputy\u2019\n\n- the Official Solicitor is a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 for an owner\n\nYou may not need to apply if you\u2019ve got a registered power of attorney.\n\nRead the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to find out if you need to apply.\n\n## Get the forms\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- the Court of Protection application form (COP1) so you can appoint someone who can deal with the sale of the property\n\n- the special undertaking by trustees (COP12)\n\n- an information form (COP1D)\n\n- the witness statement (COP24) - use the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to fill this in\n\n- another witness statement (COP24) as a certificate of fitness (for example, a character reference) if you\u2019re not appointing yourself or your solicitor to act for the owner\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3365 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.\n\nRead the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.\n\n## Enquiries\n\nContact the Court of Protection for help and to find out if you need to fill in other forms.\n\nYou can also write to the Court of Protection or visit the public counter.\n\nYou cannot get legal advice from court staff.\n\n## Send your application\n\nSend the original and one copy of each of the following to the Court of Protection:\n\n- the application forms\n\n- witness statement\n\n- a copy of the entries at HM Land Registry if the sale includes any registered land\n\n- a copy of the conveyance if the property is unregistered\n\n- any other documents and information asked for\n\n## Tell people about your application\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms, stamped with an issue date, a week after you apply.\n\nYou must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) anyone named in your application (such as the person who\u2019s lost capacity) about applying within 14 days of the issue date.\n\nRead the guidance at the end of application form COP1 to find out who to tell.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about this\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirm you\u2019ve told people\n\nWithin 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the forms (\u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:\n\n- the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity (COP20A)\n\n- other people named in the application (COP20B)\n\nSend them all together to the Court of Protection.\n\n## After you apply\n\nRead the guidance to find out what happens if you have to attend a Court of Protection hearing.\n\nUpdate the property records after you\u2019ve appointed someone to act for the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity.\n\n## If your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing\n\nYou can ask for a decision to be reconsidered if your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in application form COP9.\n\nSend the original, one copy of the form and any documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the decision being made.\n\nIt\u2019s free.\n\n## If your application is rejected and you had a hearing\n\nYou can appeal the decision if your application is rejected and you had an oral hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in the appellant\u2019s notice (COP35).\n\nSend it and any other documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the decision being made or within the time limit set by the judge who rejected your application.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3320 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.\n\nRead the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.\n\n## Emergency applications\n\nContact the Court of Protection to make an emergency application, for example to stop someone who lacks mental capacity being removed from where they live.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Ann and I have joint property ownership. Ann has been diagnosed with schizophrenia and can't sign legal documents but she has a deputy. I want to sell the property.", + "original_question": "Can I appoint her deputy to represent her during property selling process?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1849", + "question": "Scenario: My brother and his partner are tenants in common. They are now officially married and would like to have full rights to the property. They want to change the property ownership from tenants in common to joint tenants.\n\nQuestion: Can that be possible?\n\nDocument - Joint property ownership:\n## Overview\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou must decide which type of joint ownership you want if you buy, inherit or become a trustee of a property with someone else. You tell HM Land Registry about this when you register the property.\n\nYou can own a property as either \u2018joint tenants\u2019 or \u2018tenants in common\u2019.\n\nThe type of ownership affects what you can do with the property if your relationship with a joint owner breaks down, or if one owner dies.\n\nYou can get legal advice from someone who specialises in property.\n\n## Joint tenants\n\nAs joint tenants (sometimes called \u2018beneficial joint tenants\u2019):\n\n- you have equal rights to the whole property\n\n- the property automatically goes to the other owners if you die\n\n- you cannot pass on your ownership of the property in your will\n\n## Tenants in common\n\nAs tenants in common:\n\n- you can own different shares of the property\n\n- the property does not automatically go to the other owners if you die\n\n- you can pass on your share of the property in your will\n\n## Change your type of ownership\n\nYou can change from being either:\n\n- joint tenants to tenants in common, for example if you divorce or separate and want to leave your share of the property to someone else\n\n- tenants in common to joint tenants, for example if you get married and want to have equal rights to the whole property\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to do this.\n\nYou can also change from sole ownership to tenants in common or joint tenants, for example, if you want to add your partner as joint owner. This is called transferring ownership.\n\n## Sell the property if the other owner has lost mental capacity\n\nYou\u2019ll have to apply to the Court of Protection if you want to sell the property but the other owner has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019.\n\n## Check your ownership details\n\nYou can find out what type of joint ownership you have by checking documents such as a:\n\n- property transfer\n\n- property lease\n\n- trust deed, also known as a \u2018declaration of trust\u2019 (a document stating an owner\u2019s share in a jointly owned property)\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can help you check what type of joint ownership you have if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nYour type of ownership can sometimes change without your knowledge, for example if one of the other owners goes bankrupt.\n\n## Change from joint tenants to tenants in common\n\nThis is called \u2018severance of joint tenancy\u2019. You should apply for a \u2018Form A restriction\u2019.\n\nYou can make this change without the other owners\u2019 agreement.\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.\n\n## How to apply if the other owners do not agree to the change\n\n- Serve a written notice of the change (a \u2018notice of severance\u2019) on the other owners - a conveyancer can help you do this.\n\n- Download and fill in form SEV to register a restriction without the other owners\u2019 agreement. You can also fill in form RX1 to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if you cannot provide any of the evidence of severance options listed in form SEV.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou should include an original or certified copy of the notice of severance signed by all the owners.\n\nIf you cannot get the other owners\u2019 signatures you can instead send a letter certifying that you\u2019ve done one of the following with the notice of severance:\n\n- given it to all the other owners\n\n- left it at the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address in the UK\n\n- sent it by registered post or recorded delivery to the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address and it has not been returned undelivered\n\n## How to apply if the other owners agree to the change\n\n- Download and fill in form SEV to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if all owners agree.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Where to send your application\n\n## Change from tenants in common to joint tenants\n\nYou need the agreement of all the other joint owners to change from being tenants in common to joint tenants.\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Fill in a new or updated trust deed - a conveyancer can help you do this.\n\n- Download and fill in the form to cancel a restriction, if one has been registered.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou must include one of the following:\n\n- an original or certified copy of the new or updated trust deed signed by all the owners\n\n- a certified copy of a transfer showing that all owners with individual shares of the property have transferred these to all the beneficial joint tenants\n\n- a certificate from your conveyancer confirming that all owners with shares of the property have signed a new trust deed\n\nYou must also include either:\n\n- a statutory declaration prepared by your conveyancer\n\n- a \u2018statement of truth\u2019 - either one you\u2019ve prepared yourself or using form ST5\n\nA statement of truth must be:\n\n- in writing and include the wording \u201cI believe that the facts and matters contained in this statement are true\u201d\n\n- signed by the person who makes it\n\nThe supporting documents must prove all the following:\n\n- nobody else except the named joint owners have shares of the property\n\n- none of the joint owners is being made bankrupt, has a charging order from creditors or is mortgaging their share of the property\n\n- all the joint owners now own the property together as beneficial joint tenants\n\n## Where to send your application\n\n## Selling when an owner has lost mental capacity\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re one of 2 or more owners of property or land\n\n- one of the owners has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019\n\n- you want to sell the property or land\n\nLosing mental capacity means someone cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made.\n\nThis means that:\n\n- the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity cannot sign legally binding documents and needs help to make decisions\n\n- you\u2019ll have to apply to appoint someone to take the place of the owner who\u2019s lost capacity so the sale can go ahead\n\n## Appoint someone to act on behalf of an owner\n\nYou\u2019ll have to appoint someone to act on behalf of the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity even if:\n\n- you\u2019re already acting on behalf of an owner as a \u2018deputy\u2019\n\n- the Official Solicitor is a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 for an owner\n\nYou may not need to apply if you\u2019ve got a registered power of attorney.\n\nRead the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to find out if you need to apply.\n\n## Get the forms\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- the Court of Protection application form (COP1) so you can appoint someone who can deal with the sale of the property\n\n- the special undertaking by trustees (COP12)\n\n- an information form (COP1D)\n\n- the witness statement (COP24) - use the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to fill this in\n\n- another witness statement (COP24) as a certificate of fitness (for example, a character reference) if you\u2019re not appointing yourself or your solicitor to act for the owner\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3365 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.\n\nRead the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.\n\n## Enquiries\n\nContact the Court of Protection for help and to find out if you need to fill in other forms.\n\nYou can also write to the Court of Protection or visit the public counter.\n\nYou cannot get legal advice from court staff.\n\n## Send your application\n\nSend the original and one copy of each of the following to the Court of Protection:\n\n- the application forms\n\n- witness statement\n\n- a copy of the entries at HM Land Registry if the sale includes any registered land\n\n- a copy of the conveyance if the property is unregistered\n\n- any other documents and information asked for\n\n## Tell people about your application\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms, stamped with an issue date, a week after you apply.\n\nYou must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) anyone named in your application (such as the person who\u2019s lost capacity) about applying within 14 days of the issue date.\n\nRead the guidance at the end of application form COP1 to find out who to tell.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about this\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirm you\u2019ve told people\n\nWithin 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the forms (\u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:\n\n- the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity (COP20A)\n\n- other people named in the application (COP20B)\n\nSend them all together to the Court of Protection.\n\n## After you apply\n\nRead the guidance to find out what happens if you have to attend a Court of Protection hearing.\n\nUpdate the property records after you\u2019ve appointed someone to act for the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity.\n\n## If your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing\n\nYou can ask for a decision to be reconsidered if your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in application form COP9.\n\nSend the original, one copy of the form and any documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the decision being made.\n\nIt\u2019s free.\n\n## If your application is rejected and you had a hearing\n\nYou can appeal the decision if your application is rejected and you had an oral hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in the appellant\u2019s notice (COP35).\n\nSend it and any other documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the decision being made or within the time limit set by the judge who rejected your application.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3320 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.\n\nRead the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.\n\n## Emergency applications\n\nContact the Court of Protection to make an emergency application, for example to stop someone who lacks mental capacity being removed from where they live.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother and his partner are tenants in common. They are now officially married and would like to have full rights to the property. They want to change the property ownership from tenants in common to joint tenants.", + "original_question": "Can that be possible?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1859", + "question": "Scenario: I appealed a decision against a replacement notice. I have been told to replace the hedgerow that I took out near my property. The roots were causing damage to the foundations. My appeal failed. I disagree with this decision.\n\nQuestion: Can I go any further with this appeal process?\n\nDocument - Appeal a hedgerow notice:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour council makes decisions about hedgerow notices.\n\nYou can appeal a decision if they\u2019ve sent you either:\n\n- a retention notice, saying you cannot remove a hedgerow\n\n- a replacement notice, telling you to replace a hedgerow you\u2019ve already removed\n\nOnly the person who made the application can appeal.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 28 days of the date on the council\u2019s notice.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nOnce your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 31 weeks.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nFill in a hedgerow appeal form.\n\nYou also need:\n\n- a copy of your original application\n\n- the reason for your appeal\n\n- a copy of the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal\n\nEmail these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on a hedgerow appeal.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently comment by post. You can still comment by email.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. You\u2019ll normally get a decision within 31 weeks.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. However, you might have to pay another party\u2019s costs too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-hedgerow-notice", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I appealed a decision against a replacement notice. I have been told to replace the hedgerow that I took out near my property. The roots were causing damage to the foundations. My appeal failed. I disagree with this decision.", + "original_question": "Can I go any further with this appeal process?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1861", + "question": "Scenario: I am one of two tenants owning a property as joint tenants. I want to sell the property, but the other tenant has lost the mental capacity to make a decision.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to appoint someone to represent the other tenant?\n\nDocument - Joint property ownership:\n## Overview\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou must decide which type of joint ownership you want if you buy, inherit or become a trustee of a property with someone else. You tell HM Land Registry about this when you register the property.\n\nYou can own a property as either \u2018joint tenants\u2019 or \u2018tenants in common\u2019.\n\nThe type of ownership affects what you can do with the property if your relationship with a joint owner breaks down, or if one owner dies.\n\nYou can get legal advice from someone who specialises in property.\n\n## Joint tenants\n\nAs joint tenants (sometimes called \u2018beneficial joint tenants\u2019):\n\n- you have equal rights to the whole property\n\n- the property automatically goes to the other owners if you die\n\n- you cannot pass on your ownership of the property in your will\n\n## Tenants in common\n\nAs tenants in common:\n\n- you can own different shares of the property\n\n- the property does not automatically go to the other owners if you die\n\n- you can pass on your share of the property in your will\n\n## Change your type of ownership\n\nYou can change from being either:\n\n- joint tenants to tenants in common, for example if you divorce or separate and want to leave your share of the property to someone else\n\n- tenants in common to joint tenants, for example if you get married and want to have equal rights to the whole property\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to do this.\n\nYou can also change from sole ownership to tenants in common or joint tenants, for example, if you want to add your partner as joint owner. This is called transferring ownership.\n\n## Sell the property if the other owner has lost mental capacity\n\nYou\u2019ll have to apply to the Court of Protection if you want to sell the property but the other owner has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019.\n\n## Check your ownership details\n\nYou can find out what type of joint ownership you have by checking documents such as a:\n\n- property transfer\n\n- property lease\n\n- trust deed, also known as a \u2018declaration of trust\u2019 (a document stating an owner\u2019s share in a jointly owned property)\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can help you check what type of joint ownership you have if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nYour type of ownership can sometimes change without your knowledge, for example if one of the other owners goes bankrupt.\n\n## Change from joint tenants to tenants in common\n\nThis is called \u2018severance of joint tenancy\u2019. You should apply for a \u2018Form A restriction\u2019.\n\nYou can make this change without the other owners\u2019 agreement.\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.\n\n## How to apply if the other owners do not agree to the change\n\n- Serve a written notice of the change (a \u2018notice of severance\u2019) on the other owners - a conveyancer can help you do this.\n\n- Download and fill in form SEV to register a restriction without the other owners\u2019 agreement. You can also fill in form RX1 to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if you cannot provide any of the evidence of severance options listed in form SEV.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou should include an original or certified copy of the notice of severance signed by all the owners.\n\nIf you cannot get the other owners\u2019 signatures you can instead send a letter certifying that you\u2019ve done one of the following with the notice of severance:\n\n- given it to all the other owners\n\n- left it at the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address in the UK\n\n- sent it by registered post or recorded delivery to the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address and it has not been returned undelivered\n\n## How to apply if the other owners agree to the change\n\n- Download and fill in form SEV to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if all owners agree.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Where to send your application\n\n## Change from tenants in common to joint tenants\n\nYou need the agreement of all the other joint owners to change from being tenants in common to joint tenants.\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Fill in a new or updated trust deed - a conveyancer can help you do this.\n\n- Download and fill in the form to cancel a restriction, if one has been registered.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou must include one of the following:\n\n- an original or certified copy of the new or updated trust deed signed by all the owners\n\n- a certified copy of a transfer showing that all owners with individual shares of the property have transferred these to all the beneficial joint tenants\n\n- a certificate from your conveyancer confirming that all owners with shares of the property have signed a new trust deed\n\nYou must also include either:\n\n- a statutory declaration prepared by your conveyancer\n\n- a \u2018statement of truth\u2019 - either one you\u2019ve prepared yourself or using form ST5\n\nA statement of truth must be:\n\n- in writing and include the wording \u201cI believe that the facts and matters contained in this statement are true\u201d\n\n- signed by the person who makes it\n\nThe supporting documents must prove all the following:\n\n- nobody else except the named joint owners have shares of the property\n\n- none of the joint owners is being made bankrupt, has a charging order from creditors or is mortgaging their share of the property\n\n- all the joint owners now own the property together as beneficial joint tenants\n\n## Where to send your application\n\n## Selling when an owner has lost mental capacity\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re one of 2 or more owners of property or land\n\n- one of the owners has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019\n\n- you want to sell the property or land\n\nLosing mental capacity means someone cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made.\n\nThis means that:\n\n- the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity cannot sign legally binding documents and needs help to make decisions\n\n- you\u2019ll have to apply to appoint someone to take the place of the owner who\u2019s lost capacity so the sale can go ahead\n\n## Appoint someone to act on behalf of an owner\n\nYou\u2019ll have to appoint someone to act on behalf of the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity even if:\n\n- you\u2019re already acting on behalf of an owner as a \u2018deputy\u2019\n\n- the Official Solicitor is a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 for an owner\n\nYou may not need to apply if you\u2019ve got a registered power of attorney.\n\nRead the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to find out if you need to apply.\n\n## Get the forms\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- the Court of Protection application form (COP1) so you can appoint someone who can deal with the sale of the property\n\n- the special undertaking by trustees (COP12)\n\n- an information form (COP1D)\n\n- the witness statement (COP24) - use the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to fill this in\n\n- another witness statement (COP24) as a certificate of fitness (for example, a character reference) if you\u2019re not appointing yourself or your solicitor to act for the owner\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3365 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.\n\nRead the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.\n\n## Enquiries\n\nContact the Court of Protection for help and to find out if you need to fill in other forms.\n\nYou can also write to the Court of Protection or visit the public counter.\n\nYou cannot get legal advice from court staff.\n\n## Send your application\n\nSend the original and one copy of each of the following to the Court of Protection:\n\n- the application forms\n\n- witness statement\n\n- a copy of the entries at HM Land Registry if the sale includes any registered land\n\n- a copy of the conveyance if the property is unregistered\n\n- any other documents and information asked for\n\n## Tell people about your application\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms, stamped with an issue date, a week after you apply.\n\nYou must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) anyone named in your application (such as the person who\u2019s lost capacity) about applying within 14 days of the issue date.\n\nRead the guidance at the end of application form COP1 to find out who to tell.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about this\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirm you\u2019ve told people\n\nWithin 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the forms (\u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:\n\n- the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity (COP20A)\n\n- other people named in the application (COP20B)\n\nSend them all together to the Court of Protection.\n\n## After you apply\n\nRead the guidance to find out what happens if you have to attend a Court of Protection hearing.\n\nUpdate the property records after you\u2019ve appointed someone to act for the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity.\n\n## If your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing\n\nYou can ask for a decision to be reconsidered if your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in application form COP9.\n\nSend the original, one copy of the form and any documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the decision being made.\n\nIt\u2019s free.\n\n## If your application is rejected and you had a hearing\n\nYou can appeal the decision if your application is rejected and you had an oral hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in the appellant\u2019s notice (COP35).\n\nSend it and any other documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the decision being made or within the time limit set by the judge who rejected your application.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3320 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.\n\nRead the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.\n\n## Emergency applications\n\nContact the Court of Protection to make an emergency application, for example to stop someone who lacks mental capacity being removed from where they live.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am one of two tenants owning a property as joint tenants. I want to sell the property, but the other tenant has lost the mental capacity to make a decision.", + "original_question": "Do I have to appoint someone to represent the other tenant?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1863", + "question": "Scenario: I am a landlord and the cost of the property repairs and maintenance has increased. Would like to make a slight increase in the monthly rent.\n\nQuestion: Should i inform my tenant about this change?\n\nDocument - Tenancy agreements: a guide for landlords (England and Wales):\n## Overview\n\nA tenancy agreement is a contract between you and your tenants. It sets out the legal terms and conditions of the tenancy. It can be written down or oral.\n\nA tenancy can either be:\n\n- fixed-term (running for a set period of time)\n\n- periodic (running on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis)\n\n## Rights and responsibilities\n\nBoth you and your tenants have certain rights and responsibilities, whether or not there is a tenancy agreement.\n\n## Tenancy types\n\n## Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)\n\nThe most common form of tenancy is an AST. Most new tenancies are automatically this type.\n\nA tenancy can be an AST if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a private landlord or housing association\n\n- the tenancy started on or after 15 January 1989\n\n- the property is your tenants\u2019 main accommodation\n\n- you do not live in the property\n\nA tenancy cannot be an AST if:\n\n- it began or was agreed before 15 January 1989\n\n- the rent is more than \u00a3100,000 a year\n\n- the rent is less than \u00a3250 a year (less than \u00a31,000 in London)\n\n- it\u2019s a business tenancy or tenancy of licensed premises\n\n- it\u2019s a holiday let\n\n- the landlord is a local council\n\n## Other tenancies\n\nThere are other tenancies that are not as common as ASTs, including:\n\n- excluded tenancies or licences\n\n- assured tenancies\n\n- regulated tenancies\n\n## Excluded tenancies or licences\n\nIf you have a lodger living in your home and share rooms with them, like a kitchen or bathroom, you may have one of these. This usually gives your lodger less protection from eviction than other types of agreement.\n\n## Assured tenancies\n\nTenancies starting between 15 January 1989 and 27 February 1997 may be assured. Your tenants have increased protection from eviction with this type of agreement.\n\n## Regulated tenancies\n\nTenancies starting before 15 January 1989 may be regulated. Your tenants have increased protection from eviction and can apply for a \u2018fair rent\u2019.\n\n## What you should include in a tenancy agreement\n\nThe tenancy agreement should include:\n\n- the names of all people involved\n\n- the rental price and how it\u2019s paid\n\n- information on how and when the rent will be reviewed\n\n- the deposit amount and how it will be protected\n\n- when the deposit can be fully or partly withheld, for example to repair damage caused by tenants\n\n- the property address\n\n- the start and end date of the tenancy\n\n- any tenant or landlord obligations\n\n- which bills your tenants are responsible for\n\nIt can also include information on:\n\n- whether the tenancy can be ended early and how this can be done\n\n- who\u2019s responsible for minor repairs (other than those that the landlord is legally responsible for)\n\n- whether the property can be let to someone else (sublet) or have lodgers\n\nThe terms of the tenancy must be fair and comply with the law. You can use a model agreement as a template.\n\nYou cannot have anything in your tenancy agreement that may indirectly discriminate against your tenants.\n\n## Changes to tenancy agreements\n\nYou must get the agreement of your tenants if you want to make changes to the terms of their tenancy agreement.\n\n## Preventing discrimination\n\nYou cannot discriminate against or harass your tenants on the grounds of:\n\n- age\n\n- being or becoming a transsexual person\n\n- being married or in a civil partnership\n\n- being pregnant or on maternity leave\n\n- disability\n\n- race including colour, nationality, ethnic or national origin\n\n- religion, belief or lack of religion or belief\n\n- sex\n\n- sexual orientation\n\n## If you get managed payments from your local council\n\nWhen your tenants move to Universal Credit, you can help them set up their new rent payments.\n\nYou can read more about Universal Credit and how it affects landlords.\n\n## Ending a tenancy\n\nIf you want your tenants to leave, you must give them notice in a particular way, including certain information and warnings. This depends on the type of tenancy agreement and its terms.\n\n## Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)\n\nIn some circumstances, you can take back your property without giving any reason. To do this, and all of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve protected your tenants\u2019 deposit in a deposit protection scheme\n\n- the date they must leave is at least 6 months after the original tenancy began (the one they signed on first moving in)\n\n- they have a periodic tenancy - or they have a fixed-term tenancy and you are not asking them to leave before the end of the fixed term\n\n## How much notice you need to give\n\nYou must give your tenants written notice that you want the property back (\u2018notice to quit\u2019) and the date they must leave. The notice period you give them must be at least:\n\n- 2 months if you gave notice before 26 March 2020\n\n- 3 months if you gave notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020\n\n- 6 months if you gave notice on or after 29 August 2020\n\nIf you gave a section 8 notice, the notice period is sometimes shorter, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\nThis change is because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## During the fixed term\n\nIf you\u2019re still in the fixed term, you can only ask your tenants to leave if you have a reason for wanting possession that\u2019s in the Housing Act 1988.\n\nExamples of reasons include:\n\n- your tenants are behind with rent payments (\u2018in arrears\u2019)\n\n- your tenants have used the property for illegal purposes, for example selling drugs\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice before 26 March 2020, you would have needed to give them up to 2 months to leave, depending on the reason.\n\nBecause of coronavirus, in most cases you must now give them a longer notice period.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, period must have been at least 3 months.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice on or after 29 August 2020, the notice period must be at least 6 months. It can be shorter in some cases, for example if you evict them for antisocial behaviour.\n\nThe Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government has information on reasons for possession for a property let on an AST.\n\n## Assured tenancies\n\nYou will need to use one of the reasons for possession in the Housing Act 1988.\n\n## Excluded tenancies or licences\n\nIf you live with a lodger and share rooms with them, you\u2019ll often have an excluded tenancy or licence.\n\nIn this case, you only need to give \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. Usually this means the length of the rental payment period \u2013 so if you collect rent monthly, you\u2019ll need to give 1 month\u2019s notice.\n\nThe notice does not have to be in writing.\n\n## Non-excluded tenancy or licence\n\nYou can end the agreement at any time by serving a written \u2018notice to quit\u2019. The notice period will depend on the tenancy or agreement, but it\u2019s usually at least 4 weeks.\n\n## Break clauses\n\nIf there\u2019s a break clause in the tenancy agreement, you can give your tenants notice after this. However, you do not have a guaranteed right to possession during the first 6 months of the tenancy.\n\n## If your tenant does not leave the property\n\nYou cannot remove your tenants by force. If the notice period expires and your tenants do not leave the property, you can start the process of eviction through the courts.\n\n## If your tenants want to leave\n\n## Tenancies\n\nThe tenancy agreement should say how much notice your tenants need to give before they can leave the property.\n\nTenants are responsible for paying rent for their entire fixed-term tenancy. They can move out early without paying rent for the full tenancy if:\n\n- there is a break clause in their tenancy agreement\n\n- you agree to ending the tenancy early\n\nThey can also leave if their tenancy is up after giving their notice (whether it is fixed-term or not).\n\n## Licence agreements\n\nIf the licence automatically runs out after a specific date and your lodger wants to end the agreement, they should let you know this before the licence runs out.\n\n## If your tenant dies without an executor or a will\n\nThe tenancy is transferred temporarily to the Public Trustee if a tenant dies:\n\n- without a will\n\n- with a will but without an executor\n\nYou cannot take back a property automatically even if the tenancy was due to end.\n\nYou may be fined if you try to repossess a property without following the rules.\n\n## Reclaim your property\n\nYou must:\n\n- post or deliver a letter to the tenant\u2019s last known address saying you\u2019re giving written notice\n\n- email a copy of your notice and a completed NL1 form to the Public Trustee\n\n- pay an application fee to the Public Trustee to register the notice\n\n## Give notice\n\nAddress the written notice to: \u201cThe Personal Representative of [full name of the tenant who died] of [last known address for the tenant who died]\u201d.\n\n## Email the notice and NL1 form to the Public Trustee\n\nOrder a NL1 application form to register a notice from OyezStore or from Shaws. The form costs no more than \u00a38.26.\n\nYou\u2019ll get it by post. Email a copy of the notice and a scan of your completed NL1 form to osptcontrolunit@ospt.gov.uk.\n\nYou must buy a new form for each application - you cannot use a photocopy. You can make your own version of the form, as long as it\u2019s laid out in the same way and includes all the relevant information.\n\n## Pay the application fee\n\nIt costs \u00a340 to register the notice. You can only pay by Bacs. Transfer the fee to the following account:\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 80 26 50 | 10014069 | The Public Trustee |\n\nInclude the name of the deceased in the payment reference.\n\n## Get a decision about your application\n\nThe Public Trustee will register or reject your application. You should get an email within 15 working days of the Public Trustee getting your application and payment.\n\nIf your application is registered, you\u2019ll be told the date it was put in the register.\n\nIf your application is rejected, for example because it\u2019s incomplete, you\u2019ll be told why the Public Trustee cannot register it.\n\nYou can search the Public Trustee\u2019s register if your notice is registered, for example to check that you can legally rent the property again or sell it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-agreements-a-guide-for-landlords", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a landlord and the cost of the property repairs and maintenance has increased. Would like to make a slight increase in the monthly rent.", + "original_question": "Should i inform my tenant about this change?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1866", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle works in the British army and has lived in the armed forces accommodation for 4 years together with his wife. They have made it their main home and they would like to see if can have rights to acquire.\n\nQuestion: Can they qualify?\n\nDocument - Right to Acquire: buying your housing association home:\n## Overview\n\nRight to Acquire allows most housing association tenants to buy their home at a discount. You apply using the Right to Acquire application form.\n\nYou can apply to buy your housing association home if you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord for 3 years. These landlords include:\n\n- housing associations\n\n- councils\n\n- the armed services\n\n- NHS trusts and foundation trusts\n\n## Eligible properties\n\nYour property must either have been:\n\n- built or bought by a housing association after 31 March 1997 (and funded through a social housing grant provided by the Housing Corporation or local council)\n\n- transferred from a local council to a housing association after 31 March 1997\n\nYour landlord must be registered with the Regulator of Social Housing.\n\nThe home you want to buy must also be:\n\n- a self-contained property\n\n- your only or main home\n\n## Joint applications\n\nYou can make a joint application with:\n\n- someone who shares your tenancy\n\n- up to 3 family members who\u2019ve lived with you for the past 12 months (even if they don\u2019t share your tenancy)\n\n## Who doesn\u2019t qualify\n\nYou can\u2019t use Right to Acquire if:\n\n- you\u2019re being made bankrupt\n\n- a court has ordered you to leave your home\n\n- you\u2019re a council tenant \u2013 you may be able to use Right to Buy instead\n\n- you have \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019\n\n## Discounts\n\nYou can get a discount of between \u00a39,000 and \u00a316,000 on the price of your property.\n\nThe amount of discount you\u2019ll get depends on where you live in the UK.\n\nYour landlord will tell you what discount you\u2019ll get when you apply to buy your home. You can also download a table of discounts, broken down by location.\n\nYour discount might be reduced if you\u2019ve used Right to Acquire or Right to Buy in the past.\n\n## Applying\n\n- Fill in the Right to Acquire application form\n\n- Send it to your landlord.\n\n- Your landlord must say yes or no within 4 weeks of getting your application (8 weeks if they\u2019ve been your landlord for less than 3 years). If your landlord says no, they must say why. You can\u2019t appeal against the landlord\u2019s decision.\n\n- If your landlord agrees to sell, they\u2019ll send you an offer. They must do this within 8 weeks of saying yes if you\u2019re buying a freehold property, or 12 weeks if you\u2019re buying a leasehold property.\n\nYour landlord might offer you the choice of buying your home, or another empty one that they own. You don\u2019t have to accept the other property and your landlord doesn\u2019t have to offer you one.\n\n## Your landlord\u2019s offer\n\nIf your landlord agrees to sell, their offer will tell you:\n\n- the price they think you should pay for the property and how it was worked out\n\n- your discount and how it was worked out\n\n- a description of the property and any land included in the price\n\n- estimates of any service charge (for a flat or maisonette) for the first 5 years\n\n- any known problems with the property\u2019s structure, eg subsidence\n\n## Deciding to buy\n\nOnce you get your landlord\u2019s offer, you have 12 weeks to tell them that you still want to buy.\n\nIf you don\u2019t reply, the landlord will send you a reminder (called an \u2018RTA4\u2019). You\u2019ll have a reasonable time (at least 28 days) to reply. If you don\u2019t, your landlord will send a final reminder (called an \u2018RTA5\u2019). If you don\u2019t reply to that, your landlord can drop your application.\n\nYou can pull out of the sale and continue to rent at any time.\n\n## If you disagree with the landlord\u2019s offer\n\nContact your landlord and tell them why.\n\nIf you think your landlord has set your home\u2019s market value too high, you must write to them within 3 months of getting the offer and ask for an independent valuation.\n\nA district valuer from HM Revenue & Customs will visit your home and decide how much it\u2019s worth. You have 12 weeks to accept their valuation or pull out of the sale.\n\n## Selling your home\n\nIf you sell your home within 10 years of buying it through Right to Acquire, you must first offer it to your old landlord.\n\nThe property should be sold at the full market price agreed between you and the landlord.\n\nIf you can\u2019t agree, a district valuer will say how much your home is worth and set the price. You won\u2019t have to pay for their valuation.\n\nIf the landlord doesn\u2019t agree to buy your home within 8 weeks, you can sell it to anyone.\n\n## Paying back your discount\n\nIf you sell your home within 5 years of buying it, you\u2019ll have to pay back some or all of the discount you got.\n\nIf you sell within the first year, you\u2019ll have to pay back all of the discount. On top of this, the amount you pay back depends on the value of your home when you sell it. So, if you got a 10% discount, you\u2019ll have to pay back 10% of the selling price.\n\nIf you sell after the first year, the total amount you pay back reduces. You pay back:\n\n- 80% of the discount in the second year\n\n- 60% of the discount in the third year\n\n- 40% of the discount in the fourth year\n\n- 20% of the discount in the fifth year\n\n## Help and advice\n\nThe Money Advice Service offers free, impartial advice about money, including buying a home and taking out a mortgage.\n\nYou can also get advice on Right to Acquire from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Shelter\n\n- your local Law Centre", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-acquire-buying-housing-association-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle works in the British army and has lived in the armed forces accommodation for 4 years together with his wife. They have made it their main home and they would like to see if can have rights to acquire.", + "original_question": "Can they qualify?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1868", + "question": "Scenario: I own some land that has an old tree. This tree is protected by a preservation order. The roots of this tree are damaging the foundations of my house. My application to cut it down was rejected 20 days ago.\n\nQuestion: Am I still able to appeal against this decision?\n\nDocument - Appeal a decision about a tree preservation order:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour council makes decisions about work on trees protected by preservation orders.\n\nYou can appeal if you applied to cut down or carry out work on a protected tree and:\n\n- you disagree with the decision\n\n- a decision was not made within 8 weeks\n\nYou can also appeal if you disagree with a tree replacement notice you\u2019ve been given.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal:\n\n- within 28 days of the date on the council\u2019s decision notice\n\n- before the date the tree replacement notice comes into effect\n\nThere\u2019s no deadline if you\u2019re appealing because your application was not decided within 8 weeks.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nOnce your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 27 weeks.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nFill in a tree preservation order appeal form or a tree replacement notice appeal form.\n\nYou also need:\n\n- a copy of the council\u2019s decision or notice\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal\n\nEmail these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nTheir decision about your appeal will be based on:\n\n- the information you send\n\n- a site visit\n\n- your council\u2019s documents, for example the tree preservation order\n\nYour case officer will write to you if they need more information.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get a decision within 27 weeks.\n\n## Interested parties\n\nThe council may decide to contact anyone who commented on your original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019). Your case officer will consider the statements any interested parties made.\n\nInterested parties cannot make any further comments during the appeal but can withdraw their original statement.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. However, you might have to pay another party\u2019s costs too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-about-tree-order", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own some land that has an old tree. This tree is protected by a preservation order. The roots of this tree are damaging the foundations of my house. My application to cut it down was rejected 20 days ago.", + "original_question": "Am I still able to appeal against this decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1870", + "question": "Scenario: I own a business that sells electronic attachments to mobiles. We make sales of \u00a370,000 per year. We also only sell online. We are looking at joining the Distributor Takeback scheme.\n\nQuestion: Will we be eligible to join this scheme?\n\nDocument - Electrical waste: retailer and distributor responsibilities:\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou have certain responsibilities if you sell electrical and electronic equipment (EEE).\n\nYou must provide a way for your customers to dispose of their old household electrical and electronic equipment when you sell them a new version of the same item.\n\nThe waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations apply regardless of how you sell the products, whether direct or by internet, mail order or telephone.\n\nYou must either:\n\n- provide a free, in store, take back service to your customers\n\n- set up an alternative, free take back service\n\nIf you do not have your own take back service, you must join the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS).\n\nYou can be prosecuted if you do not comply with the regulations.\n\n## Tell your customers which service you provide\n\nYou must provide free written information to your customers on:\n\n- which take back service you provide, including collect on delivery\n\n- how they can reuse and recycle electrical and electronic equipment\n\n- why this waste needs to be separated from other waste\n\n- the damaging effects of not recycling electrical and electronic equipment\n\n- the meaning of the crossed-out wheelie bin symbol\n\n## Shops\n\nYou can provide this information by, for example:\n\n- displaying posters in your store about which service you provide\n\n- including information leaflets with the electrical and electronic equipment you sell\n\n## Online retailers\n\nYou must publish this information on your website. You can download free customer information if you offer a take back service. DTS members can get these from the scheme.\n\nYou have other responsibilities if you\u2019re a \u2018producer\u2019 - for example you make and sell EEE under your own brand, or sell it in UK from abroad.\n\n## Take back waste in store\n\nYou must offer to take back waste of the same type as the item your customers buy from you, regardless of:\n\n- whether they buy in-store, online or by mail order\n\n- the brand of the item\n\nYou must also take back items that have the same function. For example, you would:\n\n- take back a customer\u2019s old kettle when they buy a new one\n\n- take back a video player if the customer buys a DVD player\n\nYou must:\n\n- offer the in-store service for free - but you can charge to cover transport costs if you\u2019re collecting items from customers\u2019 homes\n\n- give customers at least 28 days to bring back their waste item\n\n- take back all types of electrical and electronic equipment that you sell - you can choose to extend your service to cover all kinds of electrical and electronic waste\n\n## Small electronic equipment\n\n\u2018Very small WEEE\u2019 are items of waste electrical and electronic equipment that are less than 25cm on their longest side.\n\nYou must take back all items of \u2018very small WEEE\u2019 in store if your electrical and electronic equipment sales area is greater than 400 square metres including aisle, display and shelf space.\n\nYou must provide this service to everyone for free, regardless of whether they\u2019ve bought anything from your store.\n\nYou\u2019re exempt if you\u2019ve joined the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) or an assessment shows you already have an effective system.\n\n## Store waste\n\nCheck the conditions to see if you can store the waste temporarily before you dispose of it.\n\n## Dispose of waste\n\nTo dispose of the waste you\u2019ve collected you can do one of the following.\n\n## Producer compliance schemes\n\nContact a producer compliance scheme (PCS).\n\nThe PCS will arrange for the waste to be recycled or prepared for re-use at an Approved Authorised Treatment Facility (AATF).\n\nYou may be charged for the collection and transportation of the waste to the AATF or the PCS collection point.\n\n## Transport the waste yourself\n\nYou can transport the waste to an AATF or PCS collection point yourself.\n\nYou need to register as a waste carrier in:\n\n- England\n\n- Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\nYou may also need to follow the rules on transporting hazardous waste in:\n\n- England and Wales\n\n- Scotland\n\n- Northern Ireland\n\n## Keep records\n\nYou must keep records of all electrical and electronic waste that you collect and dispose of - you can use a template.\n\nInclude the number of units you\u2019ve received through take back and say how many of these were returned to a PCS.\n\nYou need to keep all documentation you make, or are given by the PCS or the AATF, when you dispose of electrical and electronic waste.\n\nYou also need to keep records of how you tell customers about your take back scheme.\n\nKeep all your records for 4 years.\n\n## Set up an alternative take back service\n\nYou can set up a \u2018designated collection facility\u2019 (DCF) where your customers can take all types of electrical and electronic waste.\n\nYou can do this on your own or with other distributors.\n\nYou must follow the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, other waste management legislation and local planning requirements when managing a DCF.\n\nYou must agree with a producer compliance scheme (PCS) to return the electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) direct to an Approved Authorised Treatment Facility (AATF).\n\n## Use the Distributor Takeback Scheme\n\nYou can use the Distributor Takeback Scheme (DTS) instead of providing a takeback service, if either of the following apply:\n\n- your business sells less than \u00a3100,000 of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE) per year\n\n- you only sell online\n\nIf your business sells \u00a3100,000 or more of EEE per year and has physical stores, you cannot use the DTS after 31 December 2020. You\u2019ll need to take back waste in store or set up an alternative collection point instead.\n\n## How the scheme works\n\nYou pay a fee that covers your waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) obligations until 31 December 2021. The amount you pay depends on:\n\n- the size of your business\n\n- whether you only sell online\n\n- how much EEE you sell\n\nThis money goes towards supporting the recycling centres run by local authorities.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to keep a record of what information you give to your customers about where they should take their WEEE.\n\n## If you do not comply\n\nIf you fail to comply with the waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) regulations, you can be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a35,000 at a magistrates\u2019 court, or get an unlimited fine from a Crown Court.\n\nYou may sometimes get warning letters and formal cautions before a prosecution.\n\nThe Office for Product Safety and Standards enforces these regulations. You can contact them online, call or write to them.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/electricalwaste-producer-supplier-responsibilities", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a business that sells electronic attachments to mobiles. We make sales of \u00a370,000 per year. We also only sell online. We are looking at joining the Distributor Takeback scheme.", + "original_question": "Will we be eligible to join this scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1872", + "question": "Scenario: I am a contractor. I was recently hired to build a new tree house and have received an enforcement notice to remove it. It says it is oversized and required planning permission.\n\nQuestion: Can I proceed to appeal this decision?\n\nDocument - Appeal an enforcement notice:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority may send you an enforcement notice if you\u2019ve built or changed something without planning permission.\n\nYou can appeal against an enforcement notice if you own, rent or lawfully occupy the property or land it applies to.\n\nAnyone can comment on an appeal.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing, unless you also apply for planning permission.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYour appeal must be received before the date the enforcement notice takes effect.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision once your appeal is validated.\n\nCheck how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one enforcement notice you must make a separate appeal for each. Each person should appeal separately.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit:\n\n- a copy of your enforcement notice\n\n- a plan (if there is one)\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal\n\nYou can upload these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nAnyone can comment on an enforcement notice appeal. Find the case on the appeals casework portal.\n\nThe deadline for comments is 6 weeks after the start date of the appeal.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you the start date, what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-enforcement-notice", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a contractor. I was recently hired to build a new tree house and have received an enforcement notice to remove it. It says it is oversized and required planning permission.", + "original_question": "Can I proceed to appeal this decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1873", + "question": "Scenario: I live near an open fields that has been left unattended for several years. Most of my neighbors use it to walk their dogs and running . My brother wants to learn how to drive and since I am a fully insured driver I have accepted to teach him how to drive. The open field is accessible .\n\nQuestion: Can we use the field for car driving test?\n\nDocument - Rights of way and accessing land:\n## Overview\n\nYou have the right to access some land for walking or certain other leisure activities.\n\nYou can:\n\n- use public roads and pavements or public rights of way, for example footpaths or bridleways\n\n- use your right to roam on open access land including mountains, moors, heaths, downs, common land and some land around the England Coast Path\n\nIf neither of these apply, you may still be able to access private land if:\n\n- the land was used as a public right of way in the past - check old maps and documents\n\n- the land was accessed by the public for at least 20 years and nobody has asked them to stop\n\n- the landowner has given permission (\u2018permissive access\u2019)\n\nHelp protect the natural environment by following the Countryside Code.\n\n## Use public rights of way\n\nYou can walk on all public rights of way.\n\nSome public rights of way are also open to horse riders, cyclists or motorists.\n\nYou can use:\n\n- footpaths - for walking, running, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- bridleways - for walking, horse riding, bicycles, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- restricted byways - for any transport without a motor and mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- byways open to all traffic - for any kind of transport, including cars (but they\u2019re mainly used by walkers, cyclists and horse riders)\n\n## Rights of way in England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nPublic rights of way are marked with signs or coloured arrows, for example yellow for footpaths, blue for bridleways.\n\nYou can find the route of public rights of way:\n\n- on Ordnance Survey and other maps\n\n- on some council websites\n\n## Rights of way in Scotland\n\nYou can find rights of way through the charity Scotways.\n\n## Report problems with a right of way\n\nContact the local council to report a problem, for example obstructions, poor maintenance or a misleading sign.\n\n## Change a public right of way\n\nContact the local council about adding, changing or removing a public right of way temporarily or permanently.\n\nYou can contact the Local Government Ombudsman if you think your council has not dealt with your enquiry properly.\n\n## Use your right to roam\n\nYou can access some land across England without having to use paths - this land is known as \u2018open access land\u2019 or \u2018access land\u2019.\n\nAccess land includes mountains, moors, heaths and downs that are privately owned. It also includes common land registered with the local council and some land around the England Coast Path.\n\nYour right to access this land is called the \u2018right to roam\u2019, or \u2018freedom to roam\u2019.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can use access land for walking, running, watching wildlife and climbing.\n\nThere are certain activities you cannot usually do on open access land, including:\n\n- horse-riding\n\n- cycling\n\n- camping\n\n- taking animals other than dogs on to the land\n\n- driving a vehicle (except mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs)\n\n- water sports\n\nBut you can use access land for horse-riding and cycling if:\n\n- the landowner allows it\n\n- public bridleways or byways cross the land \u2013 horse riders and cyclists can ride along these\n\n- there are local traditions, or rights, of access\n\n## Dogs on open access land\n\nYou must keep your dog on a lead no more than 2 metres long on open access land:\n\n- between 1 March and 31 July - to protect ground-nesting birds\n\n- at all times around livestock\n\nOn land next to the England Coast Path you must keep your dog under close control.\n\nThere may be other local or seasonal restrictions. These do not apply to public rights of way or assistance dogs.\n\n## Excepted land\n\nOn access land some areas remain private (\u2018excepted land\u2019). You do not have the right to access these areas, even if they appear on a map of open access land.\n\nExcepted land includes:\n\n- houses, buildings and the land they\u2019re on (such as courtyards)\n\n- land used to grow crops\n\n- building sites and land that\u2019s being developed\n\n- parks and gardens\n\n- golf courses and racecourses\n\n- railways and tramways\n\n- working quarries\n\nUse public rights of way to cross excepted land.\n\n## Find open access land\n\nSearch for open access land in England and find out about land that\u2019s currently closed to walkers.\n\nFind open access land in Wales.\n\nContact the local council to find common land near you.\n\n## Report problems with open access land\n\nYou can report problems to the local access authority - contact them through the local council.\n\nIf the problem is in a national park, you can contact them directly.\n\nYou can also contact the Open Access Contact Centre for information about open access land in England.\n\n## Access private land\n\nYou may be able to access private land if the landowner has agreed to let people use it, for example for walking, cycling or horse riding (sometimes known as giving \u2018permissive access\u2019). Look for signs.\n\nSearch for farms and other land with access for schools, families and other groups.\n\nSearch for land of outstanding scenic or scientific interest, including land with permissive access, in the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) directory.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-way-open-access-land", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live near an open fields that has been left unattended for several years. Most of my neighbors use it to walk their dogs and running . My brother wants to learn how to drive and since I am a fully insured driver I have accepted to teach him how to drive. The open field is accessible .", + "original_question": "Can we use the field for car driving test?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1874", + "question": "Scenario: I am a landowner with a very expansive land adjacent to new housing . The public are walking over it and parking on the field as well as hosting parties.They have disregarded the post signs I have elected. I have now given up.\n\nQuestion: Can i provide the public permission to use the land ?\n\nDocument - Rights of way and accessing land:\n## Overview\n\nYou have the right to access some land for walking or certain other leisure activities.\n\nYou can:\n\n- use public roads and pavements or public rights of way, for example footpaths or bridleways\n\n- use your right to roam on open access land including mountains, moors, heaths, downs, common land and some land around the England Coast Path\n\nIf neither of these apply, you may still be able to access private land if:\n\n- the land was used as a public right of way in the past - check old maps and documents\n\n- the land was accessed by the public for at least 20 years and nobody has asked them to stop\n\n- the landowner has given permission (\u2018permissive access\u2019)\n\nHelp protect the natural environment by following the Countryside Code.\n\n## Use public rights of way\n\nYou can walk on all public rights of way.\n\nSome public rights of way are also open to horse riders, cyclists or motorists.\n\nYou can use:\n\n- footpaths - for walking, running, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- bridleways - for walking, horse riding, bicycles, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- restricted byways - for any transport without a motor and mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- byways open to all traffic - for any kind of transport, including cars (but they\u2019re mainly used by walkers, cyclists and horse riders)\n\n## Rights of way in England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nPublic rights of way are marked with signs or coloured arrows, for example yellow for footpaths, blue for bridleways.\n\nYou can find the route of public rights of way:\n\n- on Ordnance Survey and other maps\n\n- on some council websites\n\n## Rights of way in Scotland\n\nYou can find rights of way through the charity Scotways.\n\n## Report problems with a right of way\n\nContact the local council to report a problem, for example obstructions, poor maintenance or a misleading sign.\n\n## Change a public right of way\n\nContact the local council about adding, changing or removing a public right of way temporarily or permanently.\n\nYou can contact the Local Government Ombudsman if you think your council has not dealt with your enquiry properly.\n\n## Use your right to roam\n\nYou can access some land across England without having to use paths - this land is known as \u2018open access land\u2019 or \u2018access land\u2019.\n\nAccess land includes mountains, moors, heaths and downs that are privately owned. It also includes common land registered with the local council and some land around the England Coast Path.\n\nYour right to access this land is called the \u2018right to roam\u2019, or \u2018freedom to roam\u2019.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can use access land for walking, running, watching wildlife and climbing.\n\nThere are certain activities you cannot usually do on open access land, including:\n\n- horse-riding\n\n- cycling\n\n- camping\n\n- taking animals other than dogs on to the land\n\n- driving a vehicle (except mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs)\n\n- water sports\n\nBut you can use access land for horse-riding and cycling if:\n\n- the landowner allows it\n\n- public bridleways or byways cross the land \u2013 horse riders and cyclists can ride along these\n\n- there are local traditions, or rights, of access\n\n## Dogs on open access land\n\nYou must keep your dog on a lead no more than 2 metres long on open access land:\n\n- between 1 March and 31 July - to protect ground-nesting birds\n\n- at all times around livestock\n\nOn land next to the England Coast Path you must keep your dog under close control.\n\nThere may be other local or seasonal restrictions. These do not apply to public rights of way or assistance dogs.\n\n## Excepted land\n\nOn access land some areas remain private (\u2018excepted land\u2019). You do not have the right to access these areas, even if they appear on a map of open access land.\n\nExcepted land includes:\n\n- houses, buildings and the land they\u2019re on (such as courtyards)\n\n- land used to grow crops\n\n- building sites and land that\u2019s being developed\n\n- parks and gardens\n\n- golf courses and racecourses\n\n- railways and tramways\n\n- working quarries\n\nUse public rights of way to cross excepted land.\n\n## Find open access land\n\nSearch for open access land in England and find out about land that\u2019s currently closed to walkers.\n\nFind open access land in Wales.\n\nContact the local council to find common land near you.\n\n## Report problems with open access land\n\nYou can report problems to the local access authority - contact them through the local council.\n\nIf the problem is in a national park, you can contact them directly.\n\nYou can also contact the Open Access Contact Centre for information about open access land in England.\n\n## Access private land\n\nYou may be able to access private land if the landowner has agreed to let people use it, for example for walking, cycling or horse riding (sometimes known as giving \u2018permissive access\u2019). Look for signs.\n\nSearch for farms and other land with access for schools, families and other groups.\n\nSearch for land of outstanding scenic or scientific interest, including land with permissive access, in the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) directory.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-way-open-access-land", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a landowner with a very expansive land adjacent to new housing . The public are walking over it and parking on the field as well as hosting parties.They have disregarded the post signs I have elected. I have now given up.", + "original_question": "Can i provide the public permission to use the land ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1875", + "question": "Scenario: I have been living in my property 3 years and now i am moving out. One of the doors was broken by myself when i was moving furniture. I paid \u00a3600 deposit.\n\nQuestion: Can the landlord take money to replace the door from the deposit scheme?\n\nDocument - Deposit protection schemes and landlords:\n## Overview\n\nYou must place your tenants\u2019 deposit in a tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme if you rent out your home on an assured shorthold tenancy that started after 6 April 2007.\n\nIf you receive a valuable item as a deposit instead of money (for example a car or watch), you do not have to put it in a TDP.\n\nThese government-backed schemes ensure your tenants will get their deposit back if they:\n\n- meet the terms of your tenancy agreement\n\n- do not damage the property\n\n- pay the rent and bills\n\nYou (or your letting agent) must put your tenants\u2019 deposit in the scheme within 30 days of getting it.\n\n## Available schemes\n\nYou can use any of the following schemes if your property is in England or Wales:\n\n- Deposit Protection Service\n\n- MyDeposits\n\n- Tenancy Deposit Scheme\n\nThere are separate TDP schemes in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nAll TDP schemes offer you 2 options:\n\n- the scheme hold the deposit for free - known as a \u2018custodial\u2019 scheme\n\n- you or the agent holds the deposit and you pay the scheme to insure it - known as an \u2018insured\u2019 scheme\n\n## At the end of the tenancy\n\nThe deposit must be returned to your tenants within 10 days of you both agreeing how much they\u2019ll get back.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a dispute with your tenants\n\nThe deposit is protected in the scheme until the issue is settled.\n\nIf you\u2019re in an \u2018insured\u2019 scheme, you or the agent must give the deposit to the TDP scheme. They will hold it until the issue is settled.\n\n## Holding deposits\n\nIf you\u2019ve received a holding deposit from your future tenants (money to \u2018hold\u2019 a property before an agreement is signed), you do not have to protect it. Once they become tenants the holding deposit becomes a deposit, and you must protect it.\n\n## Deposits made by a third party\n\nYou must use a TDP scheme even if the deposit is paid by someone else, like a rent deposit scheme or a tenant\u2019s parents.\n\n## Information you must give to your tenants\n\nWithin 30 days of getting their deposit, you must tell your tenants:\n\n- the address of the rented property\n\n- how much deposit they\u2019ve paid\n\n- how the deposit is protected\n\n- the name and contact details of the tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme and its dispute resolution service\n\n- your (or your letting agency\u2019s) name and contact details\n\n- the name and contact details of any third party who paid the deposit\n\n- why you would keep some or all of the deposit - for example, because your tenants damaged the property and you need to fix it\n\n- how to apply to get the deposit back at the end of the tenancy\n\n- what to do if they cannot get hold of you at the end of the tenancy\n\n- what to do if there\u2019s a dispute over the amount of deposit to be returned at the end of the tenancy\n\n## If you do not protect your tenants' deposit\n\nYour tenants can apply to a county court if you do not use a tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme when you have to. They can do this at any time during the tenancy.\n\nIf the court finds you have not protected the deposit, it can order you to either:\n\n- repay it to your tenants\n\n- pay it into a custodial TDP scheme\u2019s bank account within 14 days\n\nThe court may also order you to repay your tenants up to 3 times their original deposit within 14 days of making the order.\n\n## At the end of the tenancy\n\nThe court may also decide that your tenants do not have to leave the property when the tenancy ends if you did not use a TDP scheme when you should have.\n\n## Disputes\n\nUse your tenancy deposit protection (TDP) scheme\u2019s free dispute resolution service if you disagree with your tenants about how much deposit should be returned.\n\nContact your TDP scheme for more information on the dispute resolution service. The schemes are:\n\n- Deposit Protection Service\n\n- MyDeposits\n\n- Tenancy Deposit Scheme\n\n## Help and advice\n\nYou can get more help and advice from:\n\n- your local Citizens Advice Bureau\n\n- a solicitor", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/deposit-protection-schemes-and-landlords", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been living in my property 3 years and now i am moving out. One of the doors was broken by myself when i was moving furniture. I paid \u00a3600 deposit.", + "original_question": "Can the landlord take money to replace the door from the deposit scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1877", + "question": "Scenario: My brother was in the British army, he lived in the armed forces accommodation for 4 years.His wife too was a member of the armed forces.\n\nQuestion: Can they use the time lived there for the discount?\n\nDocument - Right to Buy: buying your council home:\n## Overview\n\nRight to Buy allows most council tenants to buy their council home at a discount. Use the eligibility checker on the Own Your Home website to find out if you can apply.\n\nThere are different rules for Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nYou can apply to buy your council home if:\n\n- it\u2019s your only or main home\n\n- it\u2019s self-contained\n\n- you\u2019re a secure tenant\n\n- you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord (for example, a council, housing association or NHS trust) for 3 years - it does not have to be 3 years in a row\n\n## Joint applications\n\nYou can make a joint application with:\n\n- someone who shares your tenancy\n\n- up to 3 family members who\u2019ve lived with you for the past 12 months (even if they do not share your tenancy)\n\n## Ex-council homes\n\nIf your home used to be owned by the council, but they sold it to another landlord (like a housing association) while you were living in it, you may have the Right to Buy. This is called \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019.\n\nAsk your landlord if this applies to you.\n\n## Other ways to buy your home\n\nIf you were not living in your home when it was sold by the council you may still be able to buy it through the Voluntary Right to Buy pilot.\n\n## Discounts\n\nYou can get a discount on the market value of your home when you buy it if you qualify for Right to Buy.\n\nThe maximum discount is \u00a384,600 across England, except in London boroughs where it is \u00a3112,800. It will increase each year in April in line with the consumer price index (CPI).\n\nThe discount is based on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been a tenant with a public sector landlord\n\n- the type of property you\u2019re buying - a flat or house\n\n- the value of your home\n\nIf you\u2019re buying with someone else, you count the years of whoever\u2019s been a public sector tenant the longest.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to repay some or all your discount if you sell your home within 5 years.\n\nYou might get a smaller discount if you\u2019ve used Right to Buy in the past.\n\n## Working out the discount\n\nUse the Right to Buy calculator to find out how much discount you could get.\n\nThere are different discount levels for houses and flats.\n\n## Houses\n\nYou get a 35% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.\n\nAfter 5 years, the discount goes up 1% for every extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).\n\n## Flats\n\nYou get a 50% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.\n\nAfter 5 years, the discount goes up by 2% for each extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).\n\n## If your landlord has spent money on your home\n\nYour discount will be less if your landlord has spent money building or maintaining your home:\n\n- in the last 10 years - if your landlord built or acquired your home before 2 April 2012\n\n- in the last 15 years - if you\u2019re buying your home through Preserved Right to Buy, or if your landlord acquired your home after 2 April 2012\n\nYou will not get any discount if your landlord has spent more money than your home is now worth.\n\n## Applying\n\n- Fill in the Right to Buy application form (RTB1 notice).\n\n- Send it to your landlord.\n\n- Your landlord must say yes or no within 4 weeks of getting your application (8 weeks if they\u2019ve been your landlord for less than 3 years). If your landlord says no, they must say why.\n\n- If your landlord agrees to sell, they\u2019ll send you an offer. They must do this within 8 weeks of saying yes if you\u2019re buying a freehold property, or 12 weeks if you\u2019re buying a leasehold property.\n\n## Your landlord's offer\n\nIf your landlord agrees to sell, their offer will tell you:\n\n- the price they think you should pay for the property and how it was worked out\n\n- your discount and how it was worked out\n\n- a description of the property and any land included in the price\n\n- estimates of any service charges (for a flat or maisonette) for the first 5 years\n\n- any known problems with the property\u2019s structure, for example, subsidence\n\n## Deciding to buy\n\nYou have 12 weeks after you get your landlord\u2019s offer to tell them you still want to buy.\n\nThe landlord will send you a reminder if you do not reply to the offer. You have 28 days to reply to the reminder, or the landlord could drop your application.\n\nYou can pull out of the sale and continue to rent at any time.\n\n## If you disagree with the landlord\u2019s offer\n\nContact your landlord and tell them why.\n\nIf you think your landlord has set your home\u2019s market value too high, you must write to them within 3 months of getting the offer and ask them for an independent valuation.\n\nA district valuer from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will then visit your home and decide how much it\u2019s worth. You have 12 weeks to accept their valuation or pull out of the sale.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to a tribunal if you\u2019re stopped from buying your home because it\u2019s suitable for housing elderly people.\n\nYou must appeal within 56 days of the council turning down your application.\n\n## Delays\n\nYour landlord must complete parts of your Right to Buy application within set time limits.\n\nYou could get a reduction in the sale price if they do not.\n\n## Applying for a reduction because of a delay\n\nFill in the \u2018Initial notice of delay\u2019 form (RTB6) and send it to your landlord.\n\nYour landlord must then either move the sale along within 1 month or send you a \u2018counter notice\u2019. The counter notice will say that they\u2019ve already replied or explain why they cannot speed things up.\n\nIf your landlord does not reply within a month of getting the RTB6, fill in the \u2018Operative notice of delay\u2019 form (RTB8). This means that any rent you pay while you\u2019re waiting to hear from your landlord could be taken off the sale price.\n\nYou can do this each time your landlord is late getting back to you.\n\n## Selling your home\n\nIf you sell your home within 10 years of buying it through Right to Buy, you must first offer it to either:\n\n- your old landlord\n\n- another social landlord in the area\n\nThe property should be sold at the full market price agreed between you and the landlord.\n\nIf you cannot agree, a district valuer will say how much your home is worth and set the price. You will not have to pay for their valuation.\n\nYou can sell your home to anyone if the landlord does not agree to buy it within 8 weeks.\n\n## Paying back your discount\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay back some or all of the discount you got if you sell your Right to Buy home within 5 years of buying it.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay back all of the discount if you sell within the first year. After that, the total amount you pay back reduces to:\n\n- 80% of the discount in the second year\n\n- 60% of the discount in the third year\n\n- 40% of the discount in the fourth year\n\n- 20% of the discount in the fifth year\n\nThe amount you pay back depends on the value of your home when you sell it.\n\nYou may not have to pay back the discount if you transfer ownership of your home to a member of your family. You\u2019ll need to agree this first with your landlord and then get a solicitor to do this for you.\n\n## Rural homes\n\nYour former landlord may limit who you can sell your home to if your home is in:\n\n- a national park\n\n- an area of outstanding natural beauty\n\n- an area the government says is rural for Right to Buy\n\nFor example, you may have to sell your home to someone who\u2019s lived or worked in the area for more than 3 years. This may mean you have difficulty getting a mortgage to buy your home.\n\nYour landlord will tell you if this could apply to your home when you apply for Right to Buy.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nYou can get free advice about:\n\n- how to complete your Right to Buy application\n\n- whether the scheme is right for you\n\n- how much it will cost you\n\n- your eligibility\n\nAsk your landlord about Right to Buy. They may also be able to help you complete the application form.\n\n## Right to Buy Agent service\n\nThe Right to Buy Agent service offers free advice on things like:\n\n- the Right to Buy process\n\n- eligibility\n\n- filling out your application form\n\n- where you can get financial and legal advice\n\n- what to do if your application is delayed\n\n## Money Advice Service\n\nThe Money Advice Service offers free, impartial advice about money, including buying a home and taking out a mortgage.\n\n## Other help\n\nRead the Right to Buy summary booklet and the Right to Buy guidance.\n\nYou can also get advice on Right to Buy from:\n\n- the Own Your Home website\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Shelter\n\n- your local Law Centre", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-buy-buying-your-council-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother was in the British army, he lived in the armed forces accommodation for 4 years.His wife too was a member of the armed forces.", + "original_question": "Can they use the time lived there for the discount?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1878", + "question": "Scenario: My Aunt lives in a self-contained council house . She has lived there with her young family for 5 years. She made an application to buy the house but her efforts were stopped by the council citing that it's ideal accommodation to house the elderly.\n\nQuestion: Can she make an appeal?\n\nDocument - Right to Buy: buying your council home:\n## Overview\n\nRight to Buy allows most council tenants to buy their council home at a discount. Use the eligibility checker on the Own Your Home website to find out if you can apply.\n\nThere are different rules for Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nYou can apply to buy your council home if:\n\n- it\u2019s your only or main home\n\n- it\u2019s self-contained\n\n- you\u2019re a secure tenant\n\n- you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord (for example, a council, housing association or NHS trust) for 3 years - it does not have to be 3 years in a row\n\n## Joint applications\n\nYou can make a joint application with:\n\n- someone who shares your tenancy\n\n- up to 3 family members who\u2019ve lived with you for the past 12 months (even if they do not share your tenancy)\n\n## Ex-council homes\n\nIf your home used to be owned by the council, but they sold it to another landlord (like a housing association) while you were living in it, you may have the Right to Buy. This is called \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019.\n\nAsk your landlord if this applies to you.\n\n## Other ways to buy your home\n\nIf you were not living in your home when it was sold by the council you may still be able to buy it through the Voluntary Right to Buy pilot.\n\n## Discounts\n\nYou can get a discount on the market value of your home when you buy it if you qualify for Right to Buy.\n\nThe maximum discount is \u00a384,600 across England, except in London boroughs where it is \u00a3112,800. It will increase each year in April in line with the consumer price index (CPI).\n\nThe discount is based on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been a tenant with a public sector landlord\n\n- the type of property you\u2019re buying - a flat or house\n\n- the value of your home\n\nIf you\u2019re buying with someone else, you count the years of whoever\u2019s been a public sector tenant the longest.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to repay some or all your discount if you sell your home within 5 years.\n\nYou might get a smaller discount if you\u2019ve used Right to Buy in the past.\n\n## Working out the discount\n\nUse the Right to Buy calculator to find out how much discount you could get.\n\nThere are different discount levels for houses and flats.\n\n## Houses\n\nYou get a 35% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.\n\nAfter 5 years, the discount goes up 1% for every extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).\n\n## Flats\n\nYou get a 50% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.\n\nAfter 5 years, the discount goes up by 2% for each extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).\n\n## If your landlord has spent money on your home\n\nYour discount will be less if your landlord has spent money building or maintaining your home:\n\n- in the last 10 years - if your landlord built or acquired your home before 2 April 2012\n\n- in the last 15 years - if you\u2019re buying your home through Preserved Right to Buy, or if your landlord acquired your home after 2 April 2012\n\nYou will not get any discount if your landlord has spent more money than your home is now worth.\n\n## Applying\n\n- Fill in the Right to Buy application form (RTB1 notice).\n\n- Send it to your landlord.\n\n- Your landlord must say yes or no within 4 weeks of getting your application (8 weeks if they\u2019ve been your landlord for less than 3 years). If your landlord says no, they must say why.\n\n- If your landlord agrees to sell, they\u2019ll send you an offer. They must do this within 8 weeks of saying yes if you\u2019re buying a freehold property, or 12 weeks if you\u2019re buying a leasehold property.\n\n## Your landlord's offer\n\nIf your landlord agrees to sell, their offer will tell you:\n\n- the price they think you should pay for the property and how it was worked out\n\n- your discount and how it was worked out\n\n- a description of the property and any land included in the price\n\n- estimates of any service charges (for a flat or maisonette) for the first 5 years\n\n- any known problems with the property\u2019s structure, for example, subsidence\n\n## Deciding to buy\n\nYou have 12 weeks after you get your landlord\u2019s offer to tell them you still want to buy.\n\nThe landlord will send you a reminder if you do not reply to the offer. You have 28 days to reply to the reminder, or the landlord could drop your application.\n\nYou can pull out of the sale and continue to rent at any time.\n\n## If you disagree with the landlord\u2019s offer\n\nContact your landlord and tell them why.\n\nIf you think your landlord has set your home\u2019s market value too high, you must write to them within 3 months of getting the offer and ask them for an independent valuation.\n\nA district valuer from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will then visit your home and decide how much it\u2019s worth. You have 12 weeks to accept their valuation or pull out of the sale.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to a tribunal if you\u2019re stopped from buying your home because it\u2019s suitable for housing elderly people.\n\nYou must appeal within 56 days of the council turning down your application.\n\n## Delays\n\nYour landlord must complete parts of your Right to Buy application within set time limits.\n\nYou could get a reduction in the sale price if they do not.\n\n## Applying for a reduction because of a delay\n\nFill in the \u2018Initial notice of delay\u2019 form (RTB6) and send it to your landlord.\n\nYour landlord must then either move the sale along within 1 month or send you a \u2018counter notice\u2019. The counter notice will say that they\u2019ve already replied or explain why they cannot speed things up.\n\nIf your landlord does not reply within a month of getting the RTB6, fill in the \u2018Operative notice of delay\u2019 form (RTB8). This means that any rent you pay while you\u2019re waiting to hear from your landlord could be taken off the sale price.\n\nYou can do this each time your landlord is late getting back to you.\n\n## Selling your home\n\nIf you sell your home within 10 years of buying it through Right to Buy, you must first offer it to either:\n\n- your old landlord\n\n- another social landlord in the area\n\nThe property should be sold at the full market price agreed between you and the landlord.\n\nIf you cannot agree, a district valuer will say how much your home is worth and set the price. You will not have to pay for their valuation.\n\nYou can sell your home to anyone if the landlord does not agree to buy it within 8 weeks.\n\n## Paying back your discount\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay back some or all of the discount you got if you sell your Right to Buy home within 5 years of buying it.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay back all of the discount if you sell within the first year. After that, the total amount you pay back reduces to:\n\n- 80% of the discount in the second year\n\n- 60% of the discount in the third year\n\n- 40% of the discount in the fourth year\n\n- 20% of the discount in the fifth year\n\nThe amount you pay back depends on the value of your home when you sell it.\n\nYou may not have to pay back the discount if you transfer ownership of your home to a member of your family. You\u2019ll need to agree this first with your landlord and then get a solicitor to do this for you.\n\n## Rural homes\n\nYour former landlord may limit who you can sell your home to if your home is in:\n\n- a national park\n\n- an area of outstanding natural beauty\n\n- an area the government says is rural for Right to Buy\n\nFor example, you may have to sell your home to someone who\u2019s lived or worked in the area for more than 3 years. This may mean you have difficulty getting a mortgage to buy your home.\n\nYour landlord will tell you if this could apply to your home when you apply for Right to Buy.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nYou can get free advice about:\n\n- how to complete your Right to Buy application\n\n- whether the scheme is right for you\n\n- how much it will cost you\n\n- your eligibility\n\nAsk your landlord about Right to Buy. They may also be able to help you complete the application form.\n\n## Right to Buy Agent service\n\nThe Right to Buy Agent service offers free advice on things like:\n\n- the Right to Buy process\n\n- eligibility\n\n- filling out your application form\n\n- where you can get financial and legal advice\n\n- what to do if your application is delayed\n\n## Money Advice Service\n\nThe Money Advice Service offers free, impartial advice about money, including buying a home and taking out a mortgage.\n\n## Other help\n\nRead the Right to Buy summary booklet and the Right to Buy guidance.\n\nYou can also get advice on Right to Buy from:\n\n- the Own Your Home website\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Shelter\n\n- your local Law Centre", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-buy-buying-your-council-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Aunt lives in a self-contained council house . She has lived there with her young family for 5 years. She made an application to buy the house but her efforts were stopped by the council citing that it's ideal accommodation to house the elderly.", + "original_question": "Can she make an appeal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1879", + "question": "Scenario: I recently bought a building that comes with a substantial piece of land. It had been deserted for over ten years and people have been using the land to camp on, often making a mess.\n\nQuestion: Do I have the legal right to turf people off my land if they have been using it freely for some long?\n\nDocument - Rights of way and accessing land:\n## Overview\n\nYou have the right to access some land for walking or certain other leisure activities.\n\nYou can:\n\n- use public roads and pavements or public rights of way, for example footpaths or bridleways\n\n- use your right to roam on open access land including mountains, moors, heaths, downs, common land and some land around the England Coast Path\n\nIf neither of these apply, you may still be able to access private land if:\n\n- the land was used as a public right of way in the past - check old maps and documents\n\n- the land was accessed by the public for at least 20 years and nobody has asked them to stop\n\n- the landowner has given permission (\u2018permissive access\u2019)\n\nHelp protect the natural environment by following the Countryside Code.\n\n## Use public rights of way\n\nYou can walk on all public rights of way.\n\nSome public rights of way are also open to horse riders, cyclists or motorists.\n\nYou can use:\n\n- footpaths - for walking, running, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- bridleways - for walking, horse riding, bicycles, mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- restricted byways - for any transport without a motor and mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs\n\n- byways open to all traffic - for any kind of transport, including cars (but they\u2019re mainly used by walkers, cyclists and horse riders)\n\n## Rights of way in England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nPublic rights of way are marked with signs or coloured arrows, for example yellow for footpaths, blue for bridleways.\n\nYou can find the route of public rights of way:\n\n- on Ordnance Survey and other maps\n\n- on some council websites\n\n## Rights of way in Scotland\n\nYou can find rights of way through the charity Scotways.\n\n## Report problems with a right of way\n\nContact the local council to report a problem, for example obstructions, poor maintenance or a misleading sign.\n\n## Change a public right of way\n\nContact the local council about adding, changing or removing a public right of way temporarily or permanently.\n\nYou can contact the Local Government Ombudsman if you think your council has not dealt with your enquiry properly.\n\n## Use your right to roam\n\nYou can access some land across England without having to use paths - this land is known as \u2018open access land\u2019 or \u2018access land\u2019.\n\nAccess land includes mountains, moors, heaths and downs that are privately owned. It also includes common land registered with the local council and some land around the England Coast Path.\n\nYour right to access this land is called the \u2018right to roam\u2019, or \u2018freedom to roam\u2019.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can use access land for walking, running, watching wildlife and climbing.\n\nThere are certain activities you cannot usually do on open access land, including:\n\n- horse-riding\n\n- cycling\n\n- camping\n\n- taking animals other than dogs on to the land\n\n- driving a vehicle (except mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs)\n\n- water sports\n\nBut you can use access land for horse-riding and cycling if:\n\n- the landowner allows it\n\n- public bridleways or byways cross the land \u2013 horse riders and cyclists can ride along these\n\n- there are local traditions, or rights, of access\n\n## Dogs on open access land\n\nYou must keep your dog on a lead no more than 2 metres long on open access land:\n\n- between 1 March and 31 July - to protect ground-nesting birds\n\n- at all times around livestock\n\nOn land next to the England Coast Path you must keep your dog under close control.\n\nThere may be other local or seasonal restrictions. These do not apply to public rights of way or assistance dogs.\n\n## Excepted land\n\nOn access land some areas remain private (\u2018excepted land\u2019). You do not have the right to access these areas, even if they appear on a map of open access land.\n\nExcepted land includes:\n\n- houses, buildings and the land they\u2019re on (such as courtyards)\n\n- land used to grow crops\n\n- building sites and land that\u2019s being developed\n\n- parks and gardens\n\n- golf courses and racecourses\n\n- railways and tramways\n\n- working quarries\n\nUse public rights of way to cross excepted land.\n\n## Find open access land\n\nSearch for open access land in England and find out about land that\u2019s currently closed to walkers.\n\nFind open access land in Wales.\n\nContact the local council to find common land near you.\n\n## Report problems with open access land\n\nYou can report problems to the local access authority - contact them through the local council.\n\nIf the problem is in a national park, you can contact them directly.\n\nYou can also contact the Open Access Contact Centre for information about open access land in England.\n\n## Access private land\n\nYou may be able to access private land if the landowner has agreed to let people use it, for example for walking, cycling or horse riding (sometimes known as giving \u2018permissive access\u2019). Look for signs.\n\nSearch for farms and other land with access for schools, families and other groups.\n\nSearch for land of outstanding scenic or scientific interest, including land with permissive access, in the HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) directory.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-of-way-open-access-land", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I recently bought a building that comes with a substantial piece of land. It had been deserted for over ten years and people have been using the land to camp on, often making a mess.", + "original_question": "Do I have the legal right to turf people off my land if they have been using it freely for some long?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1881", + "question": "Scenario: I am getting married. My surname will be changing to my husband's surname. I want to apply for a new passport before the ceremony.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to apply for a new passport before the wedding day?\n\nDocument - Change your name or personal details on your passport:\n## How it works\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a new passport to travel abroad or prove your identity if you change any of the following:\n\n- your name\n\n- your gender\n\n- your appearance, if you cannot be recognised from your passport photo any more (for example, you\u2019ve had plastic surgery)\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new 10 year passport. Time left on your old passport will not be added to your new one.\n\n## When you do not need a new passport\n\nYou do not need to get a new passport if you:\n\n- change your address or contact details\n\n- get a new job\n\n- change your appearance slightly - for example, dye your hair or grow a beard\n\n- change your marital status (divorce, marry or form a civil partnership) but keep your name\n\n- change your title, for example, doctor or professor\n\n- become a national of another country as well as the UK\n\n- emigrate\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow up to 10 weeks to get your passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.\n\nYou may be able to get a passport urgently if you need to travel sooner.\n\nDo not book travel until you have a valid passport - your new passport will not have the same number as your old one.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply for a new passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.\n\nStart now\n\n## Apply using a paper application form\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to get your passport.\n\nYou can get a paper application form by either:\n\n- going to a Post Office that has a Check and Send service\n\n- calling the Passport Adviceline\n\nIt costs \u00a385.\n\nFill in and sign your passport application using the name that you want to see printed on your passport.\n\n## Countersignatures\n\nYou must get a countersignature if your appearance has changed and you cannot be recognised from your existing passport.\n\nYou do not need a countersignature if you\u2019re changing your name or adding a title.\n\n## Unexpired visas\n\nUnexpired visas in your old passport may become invalid if you change your name. Check with the embassy or consulate of the country that issued the visa.\n\n## If you have a non-British passport\n\nIf you have dual citizenship (\u2018dual nationality\u2019) and have a non-British passport, the name on your non-British passport must match the name and gender you want on your British passport.\n\nIf it\u2019s different, change the details on your non-British passport before you apply for a new British passport.\n\n## Marriage or civil partnership change\n\nYou can get a new passport in your new name either before or after the ceremony.\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\n## Get a new passport after the ceremony\n\nSend your marriage or civil partnership certificate when you apply for a passport in your new name - this includes double-barrelled names.\n\n## Get a new passport before the ceremony\n\nYou can apply for a passport in your new name up to 3 months before your marriage or civil partnership ceremony.\n\nYour old passport will be cancelled. Your new passport is \u2018post-dated\u2019 - you cannot use it before the ceremony.\n\nSome countries will not issue visas for post-dated passports - check with the country\u2019s embassy or consulate.\n\nYou must send a \u2018passports for newly weds and civil partners\u2019 form with your documents. It must be signed by the religious minister or registrar who will conduct the ceremony.\n\n## Divorce or returning to a previous surname\n\nWhen you apply, you also need to send:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- a statement signed by you saying you\u2019ve gone back to a previous surname (for example your maiden name) \u2018for all purposes\u2019 - that is, you will not use your married or civil partnership name at all\n\n- a document that shows you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\n- your decree absolute or final order showing both names\n\n- a marriage or civil partnership certificate showing both names - if you do not have it you can order a copy\n\n## Gender change\n\nSend one of the following when you apply for a passport:\n\n- a Gender Recognition Certificate\n\n- a new birth or adoption certificate showing your acquired gender\n\n- a letter from your doctor or medical consultant confirming your change of gender is likely to be permanent\n\nIf you\u2019re sending a letter from your doctor or medical consultant and you\u2019re changing your name, you\u2019ll also need to supply both of the following:\n\n- evidence of your change of name (such as a deed poll)\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\nRead the information about passports for transgender and transsexual people if you need help.\n\n## Titles and small changes to forenames\n\nYou can:\n\n- change the spelling of your name slightly - for example, Jane to Jayne\n\n- change the order of your forenames\n\n- remove middle names\n\nSend 2 documents that show you\u2019re using your new name. These can include a:\n\n- letter from a local council or government department\n\n- driving licence\n\n- bank statement\n\n- baptism or confirmation certificate\n\n## Titles you can use on your passport\n\nYou can include:\n\n- professional titles - for example, doctor, judge, minister of religion, professor, QC, or JP if you\u2019re a magistrate\n\n- honours or military decorations\n\nPut the details in the \u2018other title\u2019 box of your application and send evidence of your title.\n\nYour title will be on the \u2018observations\u2019 page of your passport - it will not be part of your name, except if it\u2019s a title of nobility, for example knight, dame or a lord.\n\n## Other name changes\n\nYou can change your name on your passport with one of the following documents:\n\n- a deed poll\n\n- a statutory declaration\n\n- an affidavit\n\nSend it with both:\n\n- proof of any previous name changes you\u2019ve made\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip or a letter from your local council)", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am getting married. My surname will be changing to my husband's surname. I want to apply for a new passport before the ceremony.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to apply for a new passport before the wedding day?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1882", + "question": "Scenario: I was in a bad car accident that required surgery. My face is unrecognisable from the picture on my passport.\n\nQuestion: Will I need to apply for a new passport?\n\nDocument - Change your name or personal details on your passport:\n## How it works\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a new passport to travel abroad or prove your identity if you change any of the following:\n\n- your name\n\n- your gender\n\n- your appearance, if you cannot be recognised from your passport photo any more (for example, you\u2019ve had plastic surgery)\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new 10 year passport. Time left on your old passport will not be added to your new one.\n\n## When you do not need a new passport\n\nYou do not need to get a new passport if you:\n\n- change your address or contact details\n\n- get a new job\n\n- change your appearance slightly - for example, dye your hair or grow a beard\n\n- change your marital status (divorce, marry or form a civil partnership) but keep your name\n\n- change your title, for example, doctor or professor\n\n- become a national of another country as well as the UK\n\n- emigrate\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow up to 10 weeks to get your passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.\n\nYou may be able to get a passport urgently if you need to travel sooner.\n\nDo not book travel until you have a valid passport - your new passport will not have the same number as your old one.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply for a new passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.\n\nStart now\n\n## Apply using a paper application form\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to get your passport.\n\nYou can get a paper application form by either:\n\n- going to a Post Office that has a Check and Send service\n\n- calling the Passport Adviceline\n\nIt costs \u00a385.\n\nFill in and sign your passport application using the name that you want to see printed on your passport.\n\n## Countersignatures\n\nYou must get a countersignature if your appearance has changed and you cannot be recognised from your existing passport.\n\nYou do not need a countersignature if you\u2019re changing your name or adding a title.\n\n## Unexpired visas\n\nUnexpired visas in your old passport may become invalid if you change your name. Check with the embassy or consulate of the country that issued the visa.\n\n## If you have a non-British passport\n\nIf you have dual citizenship (\u2018dual nationality\u2019) and have a non-British passport, the name on your non-British passport must match the name and gender you want on your British passport.\n\nIf it\u2019s different, change the details on your non-British passport before you apply for a new British passport.\n\n## Marriage or civil partnership change\n\nYou can get a new passport in your new name either before or after the ceremony.\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\n## Get a new passport after the ceremony\n\nSend your marriage or civil partnership certificate when you apply for a passport in your new name - this includes double-barrelled names.\n\n## Get a new passport before the ceremony\n\nYou can apply for a passport in your new name up to 3 months before your marriage or civil partnership ceremony.\n\nYour old passport will be cancelled. Your new passport is \u2018post-dated\u2019 - you cannot use it before the ceremony.\n\nSome countries will not issue visas for post-dated passports - check with the country\u2019s embassy or consulate.\n\nYou must send a \u2018passports for newly weds and civil partners\u2019 form with your documents. It must be signed by the religious minister or registrar who will conduct the ceremony.\n\n## Divorce or returning to a previous surname\n\nWhen you apply, you also need to send:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- a statement signed by you saying you\u2019ve gone back to a previous surname (for example your maiden name) \u2018for all purposes\u2019 - that is, you will not use your married or civil partnership name at all\n\n- a document that shows you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\n- your decree absolute or final order showing both names\n\n- a marriage or civil partnership certificate showing both names - if you do not have it you can order a copy\n\n## Gender change\n\nSend one of the following when you apply for a passport:\n\n- a Gender Recognition Certificate\n\n- a new birth or adoption certificate showing your acquired gender\n\n- a letter from your doctor or medical consultant confirming your change of gender is likely to be permanent\n\nIf you\u2019re sending a letter from your doctor or medical consultant and you\u2019re changing your name, you\u2019ll also need to supply both of the following:\n\n- evidence of your change of name (such as a deed poll)\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\nRead the information about passports for transgender and transsexual people if you need help.\n\n## Titles and small changes to forenames\n\nYou can:\n\n- change the spelling of your name slightly - for example, Jane to Jayne\n\n- change the order of your forenames\n\n- remove middle names\n\nSend 2 documents that show you\u2019re using your new name. These can include a:\n\n- letter from a local council or government department\n\n- driving licence\n\n- bank statement\n\n- baptism or confirmation certificate\n\n## Titles you can use on your passport\n\nYou can include:\n\n- professional titles - for example, doctor, judge, minister of religion, professor, QC, or JP if you\u2019re a magistrate\n\n- honours or military decorations\n\nPut the details in the \u2018other title\u2019 box of your application and send evidence of your title.\n\nYour title will be on the \u2018observations\u2019 page of your passport - it will not be part of your name, except if it\u2019s a title of nobility, for example knight, dame or a lord.\n\n## Other name changes\n\nYou can change your name on your passport with one of the following documents:\n\n- a deed poll\n\n- a statutory declaration\n\n- an affidavit\n\nSend it with both:\n\n- proof of any previous name changes you\u2019ve made\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip or a letter from your local council)", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was in a bad car accident that required surgery. My face is unrecognisable from the picture on my passport.", + "original_question": "Will I need to apply for a new passport?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1883", + "question": "Scenario: I am a mother who is taking a baby on a plane when we leave from the UK. I want to take frozen baby milk on holiday.\n\nQuestion: Am I allowed to take this in the on-board luggage?\n\nDocument - Hand luggage restrictions at UK airports:\n## Overview\n\nThere are restrictions on what items you can take in your hand luggage and hold luggage when boarding a plane in the UK.\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re taking goods to sell or temporarily abroad for business reasons, for example sales samples, professional equipment or musical instruments for a performance.\n\nAirport security staff will not let anything through that they consider dangerous - even if it\u2019s normally allowed in hand luggage.\n\n## Hand luggage allowances\n\nCheck with your airline how many and what size bags you can take on the plane with you.\n\nCheck the rules for electronic items and devices you\u2019re allowed to take on a flight before you travel - there are different rules depending on which country you are travelling to or from.\n\n## Taking liquids through security\n\nThere are restrictions on the amount of liquids you can take in your hand luggage. If possible, pack liquids in your hold baggage (luggage that you check in).\n\nLiquids include:\n\n- all drinks, including water\n\n- liquid or semi-liquid foods, for example soup, jam, honey and syrups\n\n- cosmetics and toiletries, including creams, lotions, oils, perfumes, mascara and lip gloss\n\n- sprays, including shaving foam, hairspray and spray deodorants\n\n- pastes, including toothpaste\n\n- gels, including hair and shower gel\n\n- contact lens solution\n\n- any other solutions and items of similar consistency\n\nIf you do take liquids in your hand luggage:\n\n- containers must hold no more than 100ml\n\n- containers must be in a single, transparent, resealable plastic bag, which holds no more than a litre and measures approximately 20cm x 20cm\n\n- contents must fit comfortably inside the bag so it can be sealed\n\n- the bag must not be knotted or tied at the top\n\n- you\u2019re limited to 1 plastic bag per person\n\n- you must show the bag at the airport security point\n\nLiquids in containers larger than 100ml generally cannot go through security even if the container is only part full. There are some exemptions.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou can take liquid containers larger than 100ml through security if they:\n\n- are for essential medical purposes\n\n- are for special dietary requirements\n\n- contain baby food or baby milk\n\nYou can also take liquids bought at an airport or on a plane (such as duty free) through security if:\n\n- the items are sealed inside a security bag when you buy them\n\n- the receipt for the items is sealed in the security bag and visible\n\nYou must not open the security bag until you reach your final destination. Airport staff may need to open the items to screen the liquid at the security point.\n\n## Liquid restrictions outside the EU\n\nCountries outside the EU might have different rules on carrying liquids as a transit or transfer passenger. You should check these rules with the relevant airlines and airports before travelling.\n\n## Lighters\n\nYou can only carry 1 lighter on board. You should put it inside a resealable plastic bag (like the ones used for liquids), which you must keep on you throughout the flight. You cannot:\n\n- put it in your hold luggage\n\n- put it in your hand luggage after screening\n\n## Food and powders\n\nFood items and powders in your hand luggage can obstruct images on x-ray machines. Your bags may need to be checked again manually by security. You can put these items in your hold luggage to minimise delays.\n\n## Baby food and baby milk\n\nWhen travelling with a baby you\u2019re allowed to take enough baby food, baby milk and sterilised water for the journey. There is no legal limit to how much you can take however check with your airport before you travel.\n\nYou can carry breast milk in hand luggage even if you\u2019re not travelling with a baby. You cannot carry frozen breast milk in hand luggage.\n\nIndividual containers of breast milk must hold no more than 2,000ml. Each container will need to be screened at the security point. Airport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Breast milk | Yes, in containers up to 2,000ml | Yes |\n\n| Frozen breast milk | No | Yes |\n\n| Formula milk, cow\u2019s milk | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Sterilised water for the baby | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Soya milk for babies | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Baby food | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes |\n\n## Personal items\n\n## Musical instruments\n\nContact your airline before you book if you want to travel with a large musical instrument. You may need to make special arrangements, such as buying an extra seat.\n\nMusical instruments will be screened separately.\n\n## Mobility aids\n\nPushchairs, walking aids and wheelchairs are usually allowed in the cabin, but will need to be security screened first.\n\nFor battery-powered wheelchairs or mobility aids check with your airline first.\n\n## Other personal items\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Corkscrew | No | Yes |\n\n| Spoon | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Knife (with a sharp or pointed blade and/or blade longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline) |\n\n| Small scissors (with blades no longer than 6cm) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Large scissors (with blades longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline) |\n\n| Round-ended/blunt scissors | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Fixed-cartridge razor blades (disposable razor) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Nail clippers/nail file | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Tweezers | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Knitting needles | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sewing needle | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Umbrella | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Walking stick/cane, walking aid | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Pushchair | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Wheelchair | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Safety matches | Yes | No |\n\n| Non-safety matches | No | No |\n\n| Fireworks, flares and other pyrotechnics, including party poppers and toy caps | No | No |\n\n| Cigarette lighter | No, but you can put a lighter in a plastic liquids bag and keep it on your person | No |\n\n| Contact lens solution | Yes (up to 100ml) | Yes |\n\n## Medicines, medical equipment and dietary requirements\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to carry the following in your hand luggage:\n\n- essential medicines of more than 100ml, including liquid dietary foodstuffs and inhalers\n\n- medical equipment, if it\u2019s essential for your journey\n\nYou\u2019ll need supporting documentation from a relevant medical professional (for example a letter from your doctor or a copy of your prescription).\n\nAirport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids at the security point. Medical equipment is screened separately.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Tablets and capsules | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Essential liquid medicines | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Hypodermic syringes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Inhalers | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Medical equipment (for example CPAP and TENS machines) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Special food and liquids needed for medical reasons | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Oxygen cylinders | Contact your airline | Contact your airline |\n\n## Electronic devices and electrical items\n\nYou can only take certain electronic devices and electrical items on flights to the UK.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Mobile phone | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Laptop | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Tablet devices | Yes | Yes |\n\n| MP3 player | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Hairdryer or straighteners | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Travel iron | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Electric shaver | Yes | Yes |\n\n| E-cigarettes | Yes | No |\n\nSome airlines might also have different restrictions. Check with your airline before you travel if you\u2019re not sure about what you can take as hand luggage.\n\n## Cameras\n\nYou can usually take camera equipment in your hand and hold luggage.\n\nThere might be restrictions on specialist equipment, for example professional video cameras.\n\n## Make sure your devices are charged\n\nMake sure your electronic devices are charged before you travel. If your device does not switch on when requested, you will not be allowed to take it onto the aircraft.\n\n## Batteries for your device\n\nCheck the restrictions on certain types of batteries or contact your airline if you\u2019re not sure what you can carry.\n\n## Gas-powered hair curlers\n\nYou can take hair curlers containing a gas cartridge in hand or hold luggage as long as the safety cover is fitted at all times. You must not take separate gas cartridges on board.\n\n## Sports equipment\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Sports parachute | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Heavy bats and sticks (including baseball, softball and cricket bats) | No | Yes |\n\n| Tennis racquets | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Snooker, pool or billiard cue | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Golf clubs | No | Yes |\n\n| Darts | No | Yes |\n\n| Walking/hiking poles | No | Yes |\n\n| Fishing rod | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Catapult | No | Yes |\n\n| Firearms (including replica firearms) | No | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n| Harpoon or spear gun | No | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n| Crossbow | No | Yes |\n\n| Martial arts equipment (including knuckledusters, clubs, coshes, rice flails and nunchuks) | No | Yes |\n\n| Diving equipment | Check with your airline before you travel | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n## Work tools\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Tool with a blade or shaft longer than 6cm (for example chisel) | No | Yes |\n\n| Drill and drill bits | No | Yes |\n\n| Stanley knife | No | Yes |\n\n| Saw (including portable power saw) | No | Yes |\n\n| Screwdriver | No | Yes |\n\n| Hammer | No | Yes |\n\n| Pliers | No | Yes |\n\n| Wrench or spanner | No | Yes |\n\n| Bolt gun or nail gun | No | Yes |\n\n| Crowbar | No | Yes |\n\n| Blowtorch | No | Yes |\n\n## Chemicals and toxic substances\n\nYou cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:\n\n- oxidisers and organic peroxides, including bleach and car body repair kits\n\n- acids and alkalis (for example spillable \u2018wet\u2019 batteries)\n\n- corrosives or bleaching agents (including mercury and chlorine)\n\n- vehicle batteries and fuel systems\n\n- self defence or disabling sprays (for example mace, pepper spray)\n\n- radioactive materials (including medicinal or commercial isotopes)\n\n- poisons or toxic substances (for example rat poison)\n\n- biological hazards (for example infected blood, bacteria, viruses)\n\n- materials that could spontaneously combust (burst into flames)\n\n- fire extinguishers\n\n## Ammunition\n\nYou cannot take any guns or firearms (including air rifles and starting pistols) as hand luggage. You may be able to take them as hold luggage - check with your airline before you travel.\n\nYou cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:\n\n- blasting caps\n\n- detonators and fuses\n\n- imitation explosive devices (including replica or model guns)\n\n- mines, grenades, and other explosive military stores\n\n- fireworks and pyrotechnics\n\n- smoke canisters\n\n- smoke cartridges\n\n- dynamite\n\n- gunpowder\n\n- plastic explosives (including black powder and percussion caps)\n\n- flares\n\n- hand grenades\n\n- gun cigarette lighters", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a mother who is taking a baby on a plane when we leave from the UK. I want to take frozen baby milk on holiday.", + "original_question": "Am I allowed to take this in the on-board luggage?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1884", + "question": "Scenario: I am going on a performance to Spain from the UK. I am going to be taking my cello with me.\n\nQuestion: Can I take it in my hand luggage?\n\nDocument - Hand luggage restrictions at UK airports:\n## Overview\n\nThere are restrictions on what items you can take in your hand luggage and hold luggage when boarding a plane in the UK.\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re taking goods to sell or temporarily abroad for business reasons, for example sales samples, professional equipment or musical instruments for a performance.\n\nAirport security staff will not let anything through that they consider dangerous - even if it\u2019s normally allowed in hand luggage.\n\n## Hand luggage allowances\n\nCheck with your airline how many and what size bags you can take on the plane with you.\n\nCheck the rules for electronic items and devices you\u2019re allowed to take on a flight before you travel - there are different rules depending on which country you are travelling to or from.\n\n## Taking liquids through security\n\nThere are restrictions on the amount of liquids you can take in your hand luggage. If possible, pack liquids in your hold baggage (luggage that you check in).\n\nLiquids include:\n\n- all drinks, including water\n\n- liquid or semi-liquid foods, for example soup, jam, honey and syrups\n\n- cosmetics and toiletries, including creams, lotions, oils, perfumes, mascara and lip gloss\n\n- sprays, including shaving foam, hairspray and spray deodorants\n\n- pastes, including toothpaste\n\n- gels, including hair and shower gel\n\n- contact lens solution\n\n- any other solutions and items of similar consistency\n\nIf you do take liquids in your hand luggage:\n\n- containers must hold no more than 100ml\n\n- containers must be in a single, transparent, resealable plastic bag, which holds no more than a litre and measures approximately 20cm x 20cm\n\n- contents must fit comfortably inside the bag so it can be sealed\n\n- the bag must not be knotted or tied at the top\n\n- you\u2019re limited to 1 plastic bag per person\n\n- you must show the bag at the airport security point\n\nLiquids in containers larger than 100ml generally cannot go through security even if the container is only part full. There are some exemptions.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou can take liquid containers larger than 100ml through security if they:\n\n- are for essential medical purposes\n\n- are for special dietary requirements\n\n- contain baby food or baby milk\n\nYou can also take liquids bought at an airport or on a plane (such as duty free) through security if:\n\n- the items are sealed inside a security bag when you buy them\n\n- the receipt for the items is sealed in the security bag and visible\n\nYou must not open the security bag until you reach your final destination. Airport staff may need to open the items to screen the liquid at the security point.\n\n## Liquid restrictions outside the EU\n\nCountries outside the EU might have different rules on carrying liquids as a transit or transfer passenger. You should check these rules with the relevant airlines and airports before travelling.\n\n## Lighters\n\nYou can only carry 1 lighter on board. You should put it inside a resealable plastic bag (like the ones used for liquids), which you must keep on you throughout the flight. You cannot:\n\n- put it in your hold luggage\n\n- put it in your hand luggage after screening\n\n## Food and powders\n\nFood items and powders in your hand luggage can obstruct images on x-ray machines. Your bags may need to be checked again manually by security. You can put these items in your hold luggage to minimise delays.\n\n## Baby food and baby milk\n\nWhen travelling with a baby you\u2019re allowed to take enough baby food, baby milk and sterilised water for the journey. There is no legal limit to how much you can take however check with your airport before you travel.\n\nYou can carry breast milk in hand luggage even if you\u2019re not travelling with a baby. You cannot carry frozen breast milk in hand luggage.\n\nIndividual containers of breast milk must hold no more than 2,000ml. Each container will need to be screened at the security point. Airport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Breast milk | Yes, in containers up to 2,000ml | Yes |\n\n| Frozen breast milk | No | Yes |\n\n| Formula milk, cow\u2019s milk | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Sterilised water for the baby | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Soya milk for babies | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Baby food | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes |\n\n## Personal items\n\n## Musical instruments\n\nContact your airline before you book if you want to travel with a large musical instrument. You may need to make special arrangements, such as buying an extra seat.\n\nMusical instruments will be screened separately.\n\n## Mobility aids\n\nPushchairs, walking aids and wheelchairs are usually allowed in the cabin, but will need to be security screened first.\n\nFor battery-powered wheelchairs or mobility aids check with your airline first.\n\n## Other personal items\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Corkscrew | No | Yes |\n\n| Spoon | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Knife (with a sharp or pointed blade and/or blade longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline) |\n\n| Small scissors (with blades no longer than 6cm) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Large scissors (with blades longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline) |\n\n| Round-ended/blunt scissors | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Fixed-cartridge razor blades (disposable razor) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Nail clippers/nail file | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Tweezers | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Knitting needles | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sewing needle | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Umbrella | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Walking stick/cane, walking aid | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Pushchair | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Wheelchair | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Safety matches | Yes | No |\n\n| Non-safety matches | No | No |\n\n| Fireworks, flares and other pyrotechnics, including party poppers and toy caps | No | No |\n\n| Cigarette lighter | No, but you can put a lighter in a plastic liquids bag and keep it on your person | No |\n\n| Contact lens solution | Yes (up to 100ml) | Yes |\n\n## Medicines, medical equipment and dietary requirements\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to carry the following in your hand luggage:\n\n- essential medicines of more than 100ml, including liquid dietary foodstuffs and inhalers\n\n- medical equipment, if it\u2019s essential for your journey\n\nYou\u2019ll need supporting documentation from a relevant medical professional (for example a letter from your doctor or a copy of your prescription).\n\nAirport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids at the security point. Medical equipment is screened separately.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Tablets and capsules | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Essential liquid medicines | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Hypodermic syringes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Inhalers | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Medical equipment (for example CPAP and TENS machines) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Special food and liquids needed for medical reasons | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Oxygen cylinders | Contact your airline | Contact your airline |\n\n## Electronic devices and electrical items\n\nYou can only take certain electronic devices and electrical items on flights to the UK.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Mobile phone | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Laptop | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Tablet devices | Yes | Yes |\n\n| MP3 player | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Hairdryer or straighteners | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Travel iron | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Electric shaver | Yes | Yes |\n\n| E-cigarettes | Yes | No |\n\nSome airlines might also have different restrictions. Check with your airline before you travel if you\u2019re not sure about what you can take as hand luggage.\n\n## Cameras\n\nYou can usually take camera equipment in your hand and hold luggage.\n\nThere might be restrictions on specialist equipment, for example professional video cameras.\n\n## Make sure your devices are charged\n\nMake sure your electronic devices are charged before you travel. If your device does not switch on when requested, you will not be allowed to take it onto the aircraft.\n\n## Batteries for your device\n\nCheck the restrictions on certain types of batteries or contact your airline if you\u2019re not sure what you can carry.\n\n## Gas-powered hair curlers\n\nYou can take hair curlers containing a gas cartridge in hand or hold luggage as long as the safety cover is fitted at all times. You must not take separate gas cartridges on board.\n\n## Sports equipment\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Sports parachute | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Heavy bats and sticks (including baseball, softball and cricket bats) | No | Yes |\n\n| Tennis racquets | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Snooker, pool or billiard cue | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Golf clubs | No | Yes |\n\n| Darts | No | Yes |\n\n| Walking/hiking poles | No | Yes |\n\n| Fishing rod | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Catapult | No | Yes |\n\n| Firearms (including replica firearms) | No | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n| Harpoon or spear gun | No | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n| Crossbow | No | Yes |\n\n| Martial arts equipment (including knuckledusters, clubs, coshes, rice flails and nunchuks) | No | Yes |\n\n| Diving equipment | Check with your airline before you travel | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n## Work tools\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Tool with a blade or shaft longer than 6cm (for example chisel) | No | Yes |\n\n| Drill and drill bits | No | Yes |\n\n| Stanley knife | No | Yes |\n\n| Saw (including portable power saw) | No | Yes |\n\n| Screwdriver | No | Yes |\n\n| Hammer | No | Yes |\n\n| Pliers | No | Yes |\n\n| Wrench or spanner | No | Yes |\n\n| Bolt gun or nail gun | No | Yes |\n\n| Crowbar | No | Yes |\n\n| Blowtorch | No | Yes |\n\n## Chemicals and toxic substances\n\nYou cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:\n\n- oxidisers and organic peroxides, including bleach and car body repair kits\n\n- acids and alkalis (for example spillable \u2018wet\u2019 batteries)\n\n- corrosives or bleaching agents (including mercury and chlorine)\n\n- vehicle batteries and fuel systems\n\n- self defence or disabling sprays (for example mace, pepper spray)\n\n- radioactive materials (including medicinal or commercial isotopes)\n\n- poisons or toxic substances (for example rat poison)\n\n- biological hazards (for example infected blood, bacteria, viruses)\n\n- materials that could spontaneously combust (burst into flames)\n\n- fire extinguishers\n\n## Ammunition\n\nYou cannot take any guns or firearms (including air rifles and starting pistols) as hand luggage. You may be able to take them as hold luggage - check with your airline before you travel.\n\nYou cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:\n\n- blasting caps\n\n- detonators and fuses\n\n- imitation explosive devices (including replica or model guns)\n\n- mines, grenades, and other explosive military stores\n\n- fireworks and pyrotechnics\n\n- smoke canisters\n\n- smoke cartridges\n\n- dynamite\n\n- gunpowder\n\n- plastic explosives (including black powder and percussion caps)\n\n- flares\n\n- hand grenades\n\n- gun cigarette lighters", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am going on a performance to Spain from the UK. I am going to be taking my cello with me.", + "original_question": "Can I take it in my hand luggage?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1902", + "question": "Scenario: I am travelling to the UK from India. I want to bring over \u20ac12,000 in cash and some products that I plan to sell in my business.\n\nQuestion: Will I need to declare these items at customs?\n\nDocument - Entering the UK:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling to England, what you need to do depends on where you have been in the 10 days before you arrive. If you have been in a country or territory on the:\n\n- green list - you must take a coronavirus (COVID-19) test on or before day 2\n\n- amber list - you must quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying and take 2 COVID-19 tests\n\n- red list - you must quarantine in a hotel and take 2 COVID-19 tests\n\nYou cannot currently enter the UK if you\u2019ve been in or through a country on the red list unless you\u2019re British, Irish or you have the right to live in the UK.\n\nYou must follow these rules even if you have been vaccinated.\n\nFind out which list the country you\u2019ve been in is on and what you need to do.\n\nFind out what to do if you\u2019re:\n\n- travelling to Scotland\n\n- travelling to Wales\n\n- travelling to Northern Ireland\n\n## Before you leave for the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- provide proof of a negative COVID-19 test taken in the 3 days before you leave for the UK\n\n- complete a passenger locator form\n\nFind out more about what you\u2019ll need to do before you leave for the UK because of COVID-19.\n\nYour passport or identity card will be checked when you arrive at a UK port or airport to make sure you\u2019re allowed to come into the country. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.\n\nYou may also need a visa to come into or travel through the UK, depending on your nationality.\n\n## What you can bring with you\n\nWhat you can bring with you depends on where you\u2019re travelling from. You must declare to customs:\n\n- anything over your duty-free allowance\n\n- banned or restricted goods in the UK\n\n- goods that you plan to sell\n\n- more than \u20ac10,000 (or its equivalent) in cash, if you\u2019re coming from outside the EU\n\nYou and your baggage may be checked for anything you must declare.\n\n## COVID-19 restrictions in the UK\n\nCOVID-19 restrictions currently apply in England. Find out about the:\n\n- rules in Scotland\n\n- rules in Wales\n\n- rules in Northern Ireland\n\n## Before you leave for the UK\n\nEveryone travelling to the UK must:\n\n- book at least one coronavirus (COVID-19) test for after you arrive\n\n- provide your contact details by completing the online passenger locator form\n\n- provide proof of a negative COVID-19 test taken in the 3 days before you leave for the UK\n\n- follow the testing and quarantine rules in England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nYou\u2019ll be committing a criminal offence if you do not have proof of a negative test or you have not completed the passenger locator form. You may be fined. You may not be allowed to board. If you are not British or Irish, you may not be allowed to enter the UK.\n\n## COVID-19 testing and quarantine in England\n\nWhat you need to do depends on where you have been in the 10 days before you arrive. If you have been in a country or territory on the:\n\n- green list - you must book a COVID-19 test to take after you arrive\n\n- amber list - you must book 2 COVID-19 tests to take after you arrive and quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying\n\n- red list - you must book a hotel quarantine package, which includes 2 COVID-19 tests\n\nFind out which list the country you\u2019ve been in is on and what you need to do.\n\nYou must follow these rules even if you have been vaccinated.\n\nYou might be exempt from some or all COVID-19 travel and entry requirements because of your job. Check if your job means you\u2019re exempt.\n\nChildren aged 4 and under do not need to take any COVID-19 travel tests after they arrive in England.\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling from a country on the amber list, you may be able to end your quarantine early by booking a third coronavirus test through Test to Release.\n\n## COVID-19 testing and quarantine in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nCheck the rules and exemptions for quarantine and COVID-19 tests:\n\n- if you\u2019re travelling to Scotland\n\n- if you\u2019re travelling to Wales\n\n- If you\u2019re travelling to Northern Ireland\n\n## Complete the passenger locator form\n\nYou need to provide your journey and contact details in the 48 hours before you arrive in the UK. You must do this by completing the online passenger locator form.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show your completed passenger locator form when you check in to travel or board your plane, train or ferry.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to show proof that you\u2019ve completed the form when you arrive at the UK border.\n\n## Provide a negative COVID-19 test to travel to the UK\n\nYou must have proof of a negative COVID-19 test to travel to the UK - even if you\u2019re a UK citizen.\n\nIf your test result is positive you must not travel. You must follow the local COVID-19 rules and guidance.\n\nThe test must be taken in the 3 days before you depart. The results must be in English, French or Spanish.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show the test results when you check in to travel or board your plane, train or ferry. You may also be asked to show them when you arrive.\n\nYou could be fined \u00a3500 when you arrive at the border if you cannot provide proof that you have had a negative COVID-19 test.\n\nFind out more about providing a COVID-19 test result, including exemptions and acceptable types of test.\n\n## When you do not need to provide a negative COVID-19 test\n\nYou do not need a test if you\u2019re travelling:\n\n- within the UK, the Isle of Man, Jersey and Guernsey\n\n- from Ireland\n\n- from Ascension, Falkland Islands, St Helena and Myanmar\n\nChildren under 11 do not need a test.\n\nThere are other reasons you might not need a test, for example:\n\n- you have a job on the \u2018exempt jobs\u2019 list\n\n- you\u2019re travelling to the UK for medical reasons\n\n- you\u2019re travelling from a country where you cannot access testing facilities\n\nRead the guidance about:\n\n- taking a COVID-19 test before you travel to England\n\n- taking a COVID-19 test before you travel to Scotland\n\nYou must still follow the rules for quarantining when you arrive in the UK.\n\n## You\u2019re from an EEA country or Switzerland\n\nYou can enter the UK with either a passport or national identity card issued by an EEA country or Switzerland that should be valid for the whole of your stay.\n\nFrom 1 October 2021, you will not be able to use an EEA or Swiss national identity card to enter the UK unless you:\n\n- have settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- have an EU Settlement Scheme family permit\n\n- have a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- are an S2 Healthcare Visitor\n\n- are a Swiss Service Provider\n\nCheck if you need a visa to come to the UK after 1 January 2021.\n\n## You\u2019re not from an EEA country\n\nYou must have a valid passport to enter the UK. It should be valid for the whole of your stay.\n\nYou may also need a visa, depending on which country you\u2019re from.\n\nCheck if you need a visa to enter the UK.\n\nYou may also need a visa if you\u2019re \u2018transiting\u2019 or travelling through the UK, for example you\u2019re changing flights at a UK airport.\n\n## Applying for a visa\n\nYou must apply for your visa before you arrive in the UK.\n\n## Travelling with children\n\nYou may be asked at the border to prove the relationship between yourself and any children travelling with you, if you do not seem to be the parent, for example if you have a different surname.\n\nYou can prove this with:\n\n- a birth or adoption certificate showing your relationship with the child\n\n- divorce or marriage certificates if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname from the child\n\n- a letter from the child\u2019s parent giving permission for the child to travel with you and providing contact details, if you\u2019re not the parent\n\n## Before you board\n\nYour \u2018carrier\u2019 (for example airline or transport provider) will check your passport and other travel documents. They\u2019ll send this information electronically to Border Force.\n\nYou can ask to see the information about you that\u2019s been sent by carriers.\n\n## At border control\n\nYou must wear a face covering at the airport, port or station you\u2019re arriving into and follow social distancing rules.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show:\n\n- your passport or identity card\n\n- your proof of a negative coronavirus (COVID-19) test\n\n- your passenger locator form\n\nYou must:\n\n- have your passport or identity card ready - remove it from a holder or wallet if you use one\n\n- remove your face covering or sunglasses, if you\u2019re wearing them\n\n- move through passport control together if you\u2019re in a family\n\nYou will have to wait longer than usual at border control because of COVID-19.\n\n## Showing your passenger locator form\n\nYou need to show proof that you\u2019ve completed a passenger locator form when you arrive at the UK border. The government will use the form to contact you if someone you\u2019ve travelled with develops COVID-19 symptoms.\n\nWhen you submit the form you\u2019ll receive a confirmation email with a document attached. At border control you must show either a:\n\n- printed copy of the document\n\n- downloaded copy of document on your phone\n\nBorder Force officers will scan the QR code at the top of this document to check you have completed the form successfully.\n\nIt is a criminal offence to provide false or deliberately misleading information when filling out your passenger locator form. You could be fined up to \u00a310,000, imprisoned for up to 10 years, or both, if you do not provide accurate details about the countries you have visited in the 10 days before you arrived in the UK.\n\nYou may also need to show proof of a negative coronavirus test at the border. You could be fined up to \u00a3500 if you cannot show proof when asked.\n\n## Arriving by bus or coach\n\nYou have to leave the bus when you arrive at border control.\n\nMake sure you:\n\n- are ready to get off the bus when you arrive\n\n- have your travel documents ready\n\nRead the guidance for school parties and groups coming to the UK by coach.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an EEA country or Switzerland\n\nYou can use the UK/EEA channel to get your passport or identity card checked - this is usually faster than the other channels.\n\nThe EEA includes the EU countries and also Iceland, Liechtenstein, and Norway.\n\nYou can use automatic ePassport gates at some airports if your passport has a \u2018chip\u2019 on it and you\u2019re 12 or over. If you\u2019re between 12 and 17, you must be accompanied by an adult.\n\nThese gates use facial recognition technology to check your identity against the photo in your passport.\n\n## If you\u2019re from a non-EEA country\n\nYour passport (and visa if you have one) will be checked at border control. You\u2019ll usually be asked why you\u2019re coming to the UK.\n\nYou can use the UK/EEA immigration lanes and the automatic ePassport gates if you\u2019re from:\n\n- Australia\n\n- Canada\n\n- Japan\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Singapore\n\n- South Korea\n\n- United States\n\n## When you cannot use an ePassport gate\n\nYou must see a border control officer and get a stamp in your passport if you are entering the UK:\n\n- with a Tier 5 Creative or Sporting certificate of sponsorship for up to 3 months (and you want to enter without a visa)\n\n- on a permitted paid engagement\n\nYou cannot get a stamp if you use the ePassport gates. Without a stamp you will not be allowed to carry out the activities you came to the UK to do.\n\n## Registered Travellers\n\nYou can use the UK/EEA immigration lanes and the automatic ePassport gates.\n\n## Travelling with a UK biometric residence permit\n\nYou\u2019ll have a biometric residence permit if your fingerprints were taken when you applied.\n\nYour fingerprints will be checked at border control - they\u2019ll be checked against the ones stored on your visa document.\n\n## If you\u2019re refused entry\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in writing:\n\n- why you\u2019ve been refused entry to the UK\n\n- if you can appeal against the decision\n\n- when you will be removed from the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to leave the UK immediately.\n\nYou may be allowed into the UK temporarily (usually for up to a week) but your passport will be taken from you and you must report to immigration officers at set times.\n\n## Baggage checks\n\nYou must co-operate if you\u2019re stopped and asked about your baggage.\n\nIf you break the rules your goods and any vehicle you use to transport them may be seized.\n\n## If your baggage is checked\n\nYour baggage is usually checked in front of you.\n\nCustoms officers keep a record of:\n\n- all baggage they open and check\n\n- any damage to your baggage or belongings during a check\n\n## If your things are damaged\n\nYou may be offered compensation if your baggage or belongings are damaged during a customs check.\n\n## Making a complaint\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask for the duty manager if you want to complain about a customs check while you\u2019re at the border\n\n- send your complaint to Border Force if you want to complain later\n\n## Layovers and transiting through a UK airport\n\nPassing through a UK airport while on the way to another country is called \u2018transiting\u2019. Some travellers call it a \u2018layover\u2019.\n\nThere are 2 types of transiting:\n\n- \u2018airside\u2019 - you do not pass through UK border control before you leave on your connecting journey\n\n- \u2018landside\u2019 - you do pass through UK border control, but come back through it and leave the UK within a short amount of time (usually 24 hours)\n\nFind out if you need a UK visa for your layover.\n\n## Coronavirus (COVID-19) testing and quarantine\n\nBefore you travel you need to:\n\n- provide your contact details by completing the online passenger locator form\n\n- provide proof of a negative COVID-19 test\n\nCheck the rules for transiting.\n\n## Quarantining when you arrive in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling to England, what you need to do depends on where you have been in the 10 days before you arrive. If you have been in a country or territory on the:\n\n- green list - you do not need to quarantine but you must take a COVID-19 test on or before day 2\n\n- amber list - you must quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying and take 2 COVID-19 tests\n\n- red list - you must quarantine in a hotel and take 2 COVID-19 tests\n\nYou must follow these rules even if you have been vaccinated.\n\nFind out which list the country you\u2019ve been in is on and what you need to do.\n\nYou may be fined if you do not quarantine in the place you\u2019re staying or in a managed quarantine hotel when you need to. You can be prosecuted if you do not pay on time.\n\nSome people are exempt from some or all COVID-19 travel and entry requirements because of their jobs. Check if your job means you\u2019re exempt.\n\n## Quarantine rules in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\nFind out what to do and whether you\u2019re exempt if you\u2019re:\n\n- travelling to Scotland\n\n- travelling to Wales\n\n- travelling to Northern Ireland\n\n## Ending quarantine early through Test to Release\n\nYou may be able to end quarantine early through the \u2018Test to Release\u2019 scheme if you pay for a private coronavirus (COVID-19) test.\n\nYou must still take the 2 COVID-19 tests you booked before you travelled. Find out more about the tests you must book and take.\n\nYou cannot use the Test to Release scheme if you\u2019ve been in or through a country on the red list in the 10 days before you arrive in England.\n\nThis guidance is for England. Find out what to do if you\u2019re:\n\n- travelling to Scotland\n\n- travelling to Wales\n\n- travelling to Northern Ireland\n\n## When you can take the private COVID-19 test\n\nThe earliest you can take a test is 5 days after you arrive in England. For example, if you arrive on a Monday, you can take a test from the following Saturday.\n\n## When you can stop quarantining\n\nIf the test is negative you can stop quarantining as soon as you get the result.\n\nIf the test is positive you need to quarantine for another 10 days. Count the 10 days starting from the day you took the test, or from when you first had symptoms if that is earlier.\n\nIf you\u2019re living or staying with someone in the UK they should also self-isolate for 10 days, starting from the day you took the test.\n\nIf the test is inconclusive you also need to quarantine for another 10 days. You can stop quarantining if you take another test with an eligible private provider and the result is negative.\n\nYou may be fined up to \u00a310,000 if you do not quarantine when you need to. You can be prosecuted if you do not pay the fine on time.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need\n\nBefore arriving in England, you\u2019ll need to:\n\n- book a test with an eligible private provider\n\n- say that you\u2019ll be using the Test to Release scheme on the passenger locator form\n\nYou cannot take a test through NHS Test and Trace to shorten your quarantine period. You must continue to quarantine if the result from an NHS Test and Trace test is negative.\n\nIf you did not book the test before you arrived in England, you can book one after you arrive. You will need to complete another passenger locator form to opt into the scheme.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-border-control", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am travelling to the UK from India. I want to bring over \u20ac12,000 in cash and some products that I plan to sell in my business.", + "original_question": "Will I need to declare these items at customs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1903", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 32 year old who is planning to come to the UK on a family visa, along with my 10 year old son and 34 year old spouse. We have a combined income of \u00a320,000\n\nQuestion: Is our income enough for us to be allowed to the UK on a family visa?\n\nDocument - Family visas: apply, extend or switch:\n## Overview\n\nYou need a family visa to live with a family member in the UK for more than 6 months.\n\n## Applying from outside the UK\n\nYou can apply for a family visa to live with your:\n\n- spouse or partner\n\n- fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- child\n\n- parent\n\n- relative who\u2019ll provide long-term care for you\n\nIf you\u2019re visiting the UK for 6 months or less, check if you need a Standard Visitor visa or Marriage Visitor visa.\n\n## Extending your family visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay with your family member if you\u2019re already in the UK on a family visa.\n\nYou can extend at any time before your current permission to stay in the UK expires.\n\nIf you\u2019re extending to stay with the same family member, you\u2019ll only get up to 28 days left on your current stay added to your new visa.\n\nYou must live in the UK for a certain amount of time before you\u2019re eligible for settlement (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). Before you extend your visa, check how much time you need to settle in the UK.\n\nYou might be able to apply to stay on the basis of your private life if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for many years already.\n\n## Switching to a family visa\n\nIf you came to the UK on a different visa, you might be able to switch to a family visa to stay with your:\n\n- spouse or partner\n\n- child\n\n- parent\n\nYou can switch at any time before your current permission to stay in the UK expires.\n\n## If you do not meet the rules because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus, you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Fees\n\nHow much it costs depends on how you apply.\n\n| | Apply outside the UK | Apply in the UK |\n\n| Cost if joining your partner, parent or child | \u00a31,523 | \u00a31,033 |\n\n| Cost for each dependant added to your application | \u00a31,523 each person | \u00a31,033 each person |\n\n| Cost for an adult who needs to be looked after by a relative | \u00a33,250 | \u00a31,033 |\n\nLet your bank know that a large amount of money will be coming out of your account - otherwise it might cancel your payment.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou might also need to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from the UK, you may be able to pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a faster decision.\n\nYou cannot use the super priority service if you\u2019re applying as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIf you apply outside the UK a decision will usually be made within 12 weeks.\n\nIf you apply in the UK a decision will usually be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will usually be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nIt might take longer if your application is complex, for example you:\n\n- do not meet the minimum income requirement\n\n- cannot prove your knowledge of English\n\n- need to attend an interview\n\n- have not provided all the evidence that the Home Office needs\n\n- have a criminal conviction or another personal circumstance that needs to be reviewed\n\n## Other ways you can stay\n\n## You were the victim of domestic abuse or your partner died\n\nYou might be able to apply to settle in the UK if you had permission to stay in the UK as a partner when either:\n\n- you were the victim of domestic abuse\n\n- your partner died\n\n## Your family member has refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nYou might be able to apply for \u2018family reunion\u2019 to join a partner or parent who has either:\n\n- refugee status in the UK\n\n- humanitarian protection in the UK\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme. Otherwise you need a visa or family permit to come to the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## When you cannot get a family visa\n\nIn some circumstances you cannot apply for, or switch to, a family visa.\n\n## Your family member has a work visa or student visa\n\nYou cannot apply for a family visa if your family member is in the UK temporarily on a work visa or student visa.\n\nYou can apply to stay with them as a dependant instead.\n\n## You have a visitor visa or a visa for 6 months or less\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to leave the UK to apply for a family visa if either:\n\n- you have permission to be in the UK as a visitor\n\n- your visa is for 6 months or less\n\nHowever, you might be able to switch to a family visa in the UK if you have either:\n\n- a 6-month family visa as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- permission to stay in the UK for the outcome of a family court case or divorce\n\n## Apply as a partner or spouse\n\nTo apply as a partner, you and your partner both need to be 18 or over.\n\nYour partner must also either:\n\n- be a British or Irish citizen\n\n- have settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- have a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nYou and your partner must intend to live together permanently in the UK after you apply.\n\nIf your partner has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for a family permit.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need to prove\n\nYou must be able to prove one of the following:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n- you are a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner and will marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of arriving\n\nIf your wedding or civil ceremony has been delayed because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to request an extension or apply to extend your stay. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\nYou also need to prove you:\n\n- have a good knowledge of English\n\n- can financially support yourself and your dependants\n\nIf you do not meet these requirements you may still be able to apply for a visa or extend your permission to stay if:\n\n- you have a child in the UK who is a British or Irish citizen or has lived in the UK for 7 years and it would be unreasonable for them to leave the UK\n\n- there would be very significant difficulties for you and your partner if you lived together as a couple outside the UK that could not be overcome\n\n- it would breach your human rights to stop you coming to the UK or make you leave\n\n## If you\u2019re applying as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\nYou must prove that:\n\n- any previous marriages or civil partnerships have ended\n\n- you plan to marry or become civil partners within 6 months of arriving in the UK\n\nIf your wedding or civil ceremony has been delayed because of COVID-19, you might still be able to request an extension or apply to extend your stay. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\nYou will not be able to work during your engagement.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years and 9 months on this visa. If you\u2019re applying as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner, you can stay for 6 months.\n\nAfter this you\u2019ll need to apply to extend your stay.\n\n## If you extend or switch to this visa\n\nIf you extend your family visa or switch to this visa you can stay in the UK for 2 years and 6 months.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re in the UK or not.\n\n## Outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online from outside the UK.\n\n## In the UK\n\nYou must apply online in the UK.\n\n## If you cannot pay the fee\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Applying with your children\n\nYou can add children to your application as dependants if both of the following apply:\n\n- they are under 18 when you apply, or were under 18 when they were first granted leave\n\n- they do not live an independent life\n\nYour child is living an independent life if, for example, they\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\n## When you can settle permanently\n\nThe earliest you can apply to settle in the UK (called \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) is after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years continuously on a family visa as a partner.\n\nYou cannot include time you\u2019ve spent in the UK:\n\n- on any other visa\n\n- as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\nThe rules are different if you applied before 9 July 2012.\n\n## If you applied before 9 July 2012\n\nYou can only extend your family visa if all the following are true:\n\n- you were given permission to stay in the UK as a partner before 9 July 2012\n\n- you are not eligible to settle in the UK\n\n- you have not been granted or refused another visa\n\nYou must also prove that:\n\n- you and your partner have enough money to financially support yourself and your dependants without relying on public funds\n\n- you have knowledge of English\n\n## Apply as a parent\n\nYou can apply to live in the UK to care for your child.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible to apply as a partner, you must do that instead of applying as a parent.\n\nYour child must either:\n\n- be under 18 on the date you apply\n\n- have been under 18 when you were first granted leave and not live an independent life\n\nYour child is living an independent life if, for example, they\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\nYour child must be living in the UK. One of the following must also be true:\n\n- they\u2019re a British or Irish citizen\n\n- they\u2019ve settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- they\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- if you\u2019re applying in the UK, they must have lived in the UK for 7 years continuously and it would not be reasonable for them to leave\n\nIf your child has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Parental responsibility\n\nYou need to have sole or shared parental responsibility for your child.\n\nIf you share parental responsibility, the child\u2019s other parent must not be your partner. They must also either:\n\n- be a British or Irish citizen\n\n- have settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\nIf the child lives with their other parent or carer, you must have access to the child in person, as agreed with the other parent or carer or by a court order.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need to prove\n\nYou must be able to prove that you\u2019re taking an active role in your child\u2019s upbringing and you plan to continue after you apply. For example you could provide letters from your child\u2019s:\n\n- school confirming you take them to school or go to parent evenings\n\n- doctor, dentist, or health visitor confirming that you take them to appointments\n\n- other parent confirming how much contact you have with your child\n\nIf you provide a letter from the other parent, you\u2019ll need to include proof of their identity. This should be an official document which has their signature on it, for example a copy of their passport, tax return or photocard driving licence.\n\n## English language and financial requirements\n\nYou must also prove you:\n\n- have a good knowledge of English\n\n- can financially support yourself without claiming public funds\n\nIf your child or any other dependants live with you, you must also prove you can financially support them without claiming public funds.\n\nIf you do not meet the English language and financial requirements you can still extend your permission to stay if:\n\n- your child in the UK is a British or Irish citizen or has lived in the UK for 7 years\n\n- it would be unreasonable for them to leave the UK\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years and 9 months on this visa. After this you\u2019ll need to apply to extend your stay.\n\nIf you extend your family visa or switch to this visa you can stay in the UK for 2 years and 6 months.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re in the UK or not.\n\n## Outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online outside the UK. You must also complete Appendix 5.\n\n## In the UK\n\nYou must apply online in the UK.\n\nIf you cannot afford to pay the fee, you must also apply online to waive the fee. You might not have to pay the fee if you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\nRead the guidance for parents before applying.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Applying with other children\n\nYou can add other children to your application as dependants if one of the following applies:\n\n- they are under 18 on the date you apply\n\n- they were under 18 when they were first granted leave on a family visa and do not live an independent life\n\n## When you can settle permanently\n\nThe earliest you can apply to settle in the UK (called \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) is after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years continuously on a family visa as a parent.\n\nYou cannot include time you\u2019ve spent in the UK on any other visa.\n\nThe rules are different if you applied before 9 July 2012.\n\n## Apply as a child\n\nYou can apply for a family visa to join your parent in the UK.\n\nYou may not need a family visa if at least one of your parents has indefinite leave to remain or proof of permanent residence. Check if you can apply to settle in the UK.\n\nIf your parent has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## You were born in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll get the same permission to stay as your parent if you were born in the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou can either:\n\n- be added to your parent\u2019s next application as a dependant\n\n- apply separately\n\nTo apply separately, you\u2019ll need to know what kind of permission to stay in the UK (\u2018limited leave to remain\u2019) your parent has.\n\n## If you\u2019re over 18\n\nYour parent can only include you in their application as a dependant if you:\n\n- got permission to come to or stay in the UK (\u2018leave to enter or remain\u2019) on a family visa when you were under 18\n\n- do not live an independent life\n\n- are applying from inside the UK\n\nYou\u2019re living an independent life if, for example, you\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\n## You were born outside the UK\n\nWhether you can apply depends on your age and how your parent applied.\n\n## If you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou must:\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or living an independent life\n\n- be financially supported without claiming public funds\n\nOne of your parents must also be applying or have applied for a visa or to extend their permission to stay as a:\n\n- partner - and the partner they\u2019re joining is your other parent\n\n- parent - and they have sole parental responsibility for you\n\nOtherwise, you might still be eligible to apply if there are serious reasons to let you come to, or stay in the UK and there are plans for your care.\n\n## If you\u2019re over 18\n\nYour parent can include you in their application as a dependant, or you can apply separately yourself. You can only apply if you:\n\n- got permission to stay in the UK (\u2018leave to remain\u2019) on a family visa when you were under 18\n\n- do not live an independent life\n\nYou\u2019re living an independent life if, for example, you\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\nIf your parent cannot include you in their form and you\u2019re in the UK, you may be eligible to apply for Private Life in the UK (10-year route).\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\n## Apply at the same time as your parent\n\nWhich form you need to fill in depends on whether your parent is applying to enter the UK as the partner of one of the following:\n\n- a British or Irish citizen\n\n- a person with indefinite leave to remain\n\n- a person settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- a person from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein who has pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- a person with a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- a person with refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nIf they are applying as one of these, you must fill in the Appendix FM online form.\n\nIf they are not, you must fill in both:\n\n- the online application form\n\n- the Appendix 1 paper form\n\n## Apply separately\n\nWhich form you need to fill in depends on whether your parent has leave to enter or remain in the UK on a 5 or 10-year route to settlement as the partner of:\n\n- a British or Irish citizen\n\n- a person with indefinite leave to remain\n\n- a person settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- a person from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein who has pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- a person with a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- a person with refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nIf they do, you must fill in the Appendix FM online form.\n\nIf they do not, you must fill in both:\n\n- the online application form\n\n- the Appendix 1 paper form\n\n## Apply from the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nIf you\u2019re already in the UK, you must apply online.\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\nYou can also check if you\u2019re eligible for a different type of visa.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Apply as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative\n\nYou must be outside the UK to apply and need long-term care from a parent, grandchild, brother, sister, son or daughter who is living permanently in the UK.\n\nOne of the following must also apply to the relative:\n\n- they\u2019re a British or Irish citizen\n\n- they\u2019ve settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- they\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- they have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nIf your family member has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for a family permit.\n\nYou must prove all of the following:\n\n- you need long-term care to do everyday personal and household tasks because of illness, disability or your age\n\n- the care you need is not available or affordable in the country you live in\n\n- the person you\u2019ll be joining in the UK will be able to support, accommodate and care for you without claiming public funds for at least 5 years\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n## How long you can stay for\n\nHow long you can stay depends on the status of your family member.\n\n## If your family member is British, Irish or settled in the UK\n\nYour stay is unlimited. You will not need to apply to extend or settle.\n\n## If your family member has pre-settled status\n\nThey must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021. You can stay as long as your family member stays. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or settle when they do.\n\n## If your family member has refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nYou can stay as long as your family member stays. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or settle when they do.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nYou must apply as an adult dependent relative online and complete Appendix 1.\n\n## Apply to extend your stay\n\nApply online to extend your stay in the UK.\n\n## Apply on the basis of your private life\n\nYou can only apply on the basis of your private life if you\u2019re already living in the UK.\n\nYou must be able to prove that you\u2019re:\n\n- under 18 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously for at least 7 years, and it would be unreasonable to expect you to leave the UK\n\n- between 18 and 24 and you\u2019ve lived continuously in the UK for more than half your life\n\n- 18 or over, have spent less than 20 years in the UK and would have very significant problems living in the country you\u2019d have to go to - for example, you do not speak the language and could not learn it\n\n- 25 or over and you\u2019ve been in the UK continuously for 20 years\n\nYour family members can apply on the same application - you\u2019ll be considered separately.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\n## If you cannot pay the application fee\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot afford to pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.\n\n## When you do not need to prove it\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English or take a test if one of the following is true:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a child\n\n- you\u2019re applying as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK on a family visa for 5 years and you\u2019re extending it as a partner or parent\n\n- you\u2019re over 65\n\n- you have a physical or mental condition that prevents you from meeting the requirement\n\nYou also will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## How to prove your knowledge of English\n\nYou can prove it with an academic qualification, or by taking a test.\n\n## Academic qualifications\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English if you have a degree or academic qualification that was taught or researched in English.\n\nIf your qualification is from a UK university or college, you only need your degree certificate.\n\n## If your qualification is from a university or college outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certificate from Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to show that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree or higher and that it was taught in English.\n\nThere are 2 kinds of certificate:\n\n- a statement of comparability\n\n- a visa and nationality statement\n\nYou need a statement of comparability if you got your qualification from a university or college in one of these countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Ireland\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\nIf you got your qualification from a university or college in any other country, you need a visa and nationality statement.\n\n## Take an approved English language test\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by passing an approved English language test.\n\nYou must pass at least level A1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale for your first visa application. You can choose to take a higher level test.\n\nIf you pass level B1 level or higher, the test will be accepted if it\u2019s still on the list of approved English language tests when you apply for settlement after 5 years.\n\nIf you cannot take an English language test because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to apply for an exemption. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## If you want to settle permanently in the UK within 5 years\n\nYou may have to pass a higher CEFR level if you want to stay in the UK after 2.5 years. What you need to do depends on what CEFR level you passed for your first visa.\n\nIf you passed:\n\n- level A1 you\u2019ll need to pass level A2 in speaking and listening\n\n- level A2, B1, B2, C1 or C2 you can use the test again for your application if it\u2019s still on the list of approved English language tests\n\nIf you were given an exemption, you\u2019ll need to pass a test at level A1.\n\nRead the English language requirement: family members guidance.\n\n## Give proof of your income\n\nYou and your partner must have a combined income of at least \u00a318,600 a year if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a partner\n\n- you want to settle in the UK (get \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) within 5 years\n\nYou must prove you have extra money if you have children who:\n\n- are not British or Irish citizens\n\n- do not have pre-settled status\n\n- are not permanently settled in the UK\n\nYou might not need to prove you have extra money if your children are citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland and they do not have pre-settled status or are not permanently settled in the UK. Check the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information.\n\nIf you need to prove extra money for your children, you\u2019ll need to earn an extra:\n\n- \u00a33,800 for your first child\n\n- \u00a32,400 for each child you have after your first child\n\nThis is called the \u2018minimum income requirement\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to use your savings instead of income.\n\nHow you prove you have the money depends on how you got the income.\n\nIf you\u2019ve experienced a loss of income because of coronavirus (COVID-19), for example if you\u2019ve been furloughed or you\u2019re self employed, you might still be able to apply. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## What counts as income\n\nYou and your partner can use:\n\n- income from employment before tax and National Insurance (check your P60 or payslips) - you can only use your own income if you earn it in the UK\n\n- income you earn from self-employment or as a director of a limited company in the UK - check your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- cash savings above \u00a316,000\n\n- money from a pension\n\n- non-work income, for example from property rentals or dividends\n\nIf you\u2019re using income from self-employment or employment, you\u2019ll need to prove you or your partner received that income for 6 months or more.\n\n## What proof you need to give\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide proof of your income with your application. If you or your partner are employed, you could include:\n\n- bank statements showing you or your partner\u2019s income\n\n- 6 months of payslips\n\n- a letter from an employer, dated and on headed paper\n\nThe employer\u2019s letter should confirm:\n\n- you or your partner are employed there\n\n- the job title or position you or your partner hold\n\n- how long you or your partner have worked there\n\n- the type of contract (for example, permanent, fixed term)\n\n- what you or your partner earn before tax and National Insurance\n\n- how long you or your partner have been paid your current salary\n\n- the payslips are genuine\n\nYou\u2019ll be told exactly what documents to provide when you apply online.\n\nCheck the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement if:\n\n- you or your partner\u2019s income is more complicated\n\n- you or your partner have taken maternity or paternity leave in the last 6 months\n\n- you want to combine different income sources\n\nThe detailed guidance also explains the evidence you need to provide for each of the types of income you\u2019re relying on.\n\n## If you cannot meet the minimum income requirement\n\nYou need to show you and your partner meet the minimum income requirement if you want to settle in 5 years as a partner.\n\nIf you do not meet the requirement, you may be able to settle in 10 years.\n\n## When you do not need to meet the income requirement\n\nYou may be able to settle in 5 years without meeting the minimum income requirement if either:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a parent\n\n- you get certain benefits, for example Disability Living Allowance or Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nYou need to show you and your family have enough money to adequately support and accommodate yourselves without relying on public funds. The caseworker considers your income and housing costs.\n\nCheck the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information\n\n## Information you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have information and some evidence ready when you make your application. Include information for you and any dependants applying at the same time.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- all your names\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your current passport or other valid travel ID\n\n- copies of the photo page and any visa or entry stamps in your previous passports\n\n- a copy of your biometric residence permit, if you have one\n\n- details of any previous immigration applications you\u2019ve made\n\n- details of any criminal convictions\n\n- your national insurance number, if you have one\n\n- your parents\u2019 date of birth and nationality if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a certified translation of any document that is not in English or Welsh\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa if you\u2019re applying outside the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need an email address to make an online application.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to:\n\n- give proof of your finances\n\n- prove your knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances - for example a sponsorship form from your family member in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to provide your documents when you apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to provide specified documents because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Your partner\u2019s details\n\nIf you have a partner, you\u2019ll be asked about their:\n\n- name\n\n- date of birth\n\n- nationality\n\n- passport\n\n- right to be in the UK, for example they\u2019re a British citizen\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to give details of:\n\n- any people your partner was previously married to, in a civil partnership with or had children with\n\n- evidence of marriages ending, for example a divorce certificate\n\n- anyone your partner supports with money, for example their parents\n\n## Proof of relationship\n\nIf you\u2019re applying as a spouse or partner, you\u2019ll be asked about:\n\n- your relationship with your partner, for example how you met and how often you see each other\n\n- how long you\u2019ve lived together - you\u2019ll need to provide proof like council tax bills\n\n- things you pay for together\n\n- whether you\u2019re your partner\u2019s carer\n\n## Your previous partners\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include details of anyone you previously married or had children with. Include evidence of marriages ending, for example a divorce certificate.\n\n## Children\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of your children (and your partner\u2019s children if you have one). You\u2019ll be asked about all children, even if they\u2019re not applying.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of:\n\n- their name\n\n- their nationality\n\n- their date of birth\n\n- their passport details\n\n- who the child normally lives with\n\n- any other people with parental responsibility for your child, for example your step children\u2019s other parents\n\n- how you\u2019re involved in their day to day life\n\n- arrangements you have to see the child - for example the courts have granted you access\n\n- the child\u2019s extended family\n\n- any countries your child has visited or lived in\n\n## Your life outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of:\n\n- countries outside the UK you\u2019ve lived in and visited\n\n- family and friends in the countries where you were born or have nationality\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to attend an appointment to provide your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo). You\u2019ll be told how to make an appointment when you apply.\n\n## Getting your documents back\n\nYou can ask for your passport and other documents to be returned if you\u2019ve provided them with your application but need them urgently.\n\nYou might have to cancel your application to get your documents back.\n\n## If your application is approved\n\nYou\u2019ll get a biometric residence permit.\n\nYou can:\n\n- work\n\n- study\n\nYou cannot work or study if you\u2019re applying for a visa or extending your stay to get married or become civil partners.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- usually get benefits or other public funds for you or your dependants\n\n- apply to settle in the UK until you\u2019re eligible", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-family-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 32 year old who is planning to come to the UK on a family visa, along with my 10 year old son and 34 year old spouse. We have a combined income of \u00a320,000", + "original_question": "Is our income enough for us to be allowed to the UK on a family visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1904", + "question": "Scenario: My family and i have made an application for a visa to the UK. I have managed to collate all our documents and we all speak English as our first language. We are planning on staying in the UK for 32 days and i feel our income of \u00a354,000 per annum allows for this.\n\nQuestion: Would we need to renew our visa during our stay?\n\nDocument - Family visas: apply, extend or switch:\n## Overview\n\nYou need a family visa to live with a family member in the UK for more than 6 months.\n\n## Applying from outside the UK\n\nYou can apply for a family visa to live with your:\n\n- spouse or partner\n\n- fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- child\n\n- parent\n\n- relative who\u2019ll provide long-term care for you\n\nIf you\u2019re visiting the UK for 6 months or less, check if you need a Standard Visitor visa or Marriage Visitor visa.\n\n## Extending your family visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay with your family member if you\u2019re already in the UK on a family visa.\n\nYou can extend at any time before your current permission to stay in the UK expires.\n\nIf you\u2019re extending to stay with the same family member, you\u2019ll only get up to 28 days left on your current stay added to your new visa.\n\nYou must live in the UK for a certain amount of time before you\u2019re eligible for settlement (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). Before you extend your visa, check how much time you need to settle in the UK.\n\nYou might be able to apply to stay on the basis of your private life if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for many years already.\n\n## Switching to a family visa\n\nIf you came to the UK on a different visa, you might be able to switch to a family visa to stay with your:\n\n- spouse or partner\n\n- child\n\n- parent\n\nYou can switch at any time before your current permission to stay in the UK expires.\n\n## If you do not meet the rules because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus, you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Fees\n\nHow much it costs depends on how you apply.\n\n| | Apply outside the UK | Apply in the UK |\n\n| Cost if joining your partner, parent or child | \u00a31,523 | \u00a31,033 |\n\n| Cost for each dependant added to your application | \u00a31,523 each person | \u00a31,033 each person |\n\n| Cost for an adult who needs to be looked after by a relative | \u00a33,250 | \u00a31,033 |\n\nLet your bank know that a large amount of money will be coming out of your account - otherwise it might cancel your payment.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou might also need to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from the UK, you may be able to pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a faster decision.\n\nYou cannot use the super priority service if you\u2019re applying as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIf you apply outside the UK a decision will usually be made within 12 weeks.\n\nIf you apply in the UK a decision will usually be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will usually be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nIt might take longer if your application is complex, for example you:\n\n- do not meet the minimum income requirement\n\n- cannot prove your knowledge of English\n\n- need to attend an interview\n\n- have not provided all the evidence that the Home Office needs\n\n- have a criminal conviction or another personal circumstance that needs to be reviewed\n\n## Other ways you can stay\n\n## You were the victim of domestic abuse or your partner died\n\nYou might be able to apply to settle in the UK if you had permission to stay in the UK as a partner when either:\n\n- you were the victim of domestic abuse\n\n- your partner died\n\n## Your family member has refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nYou might be able to apply for \u2018family reunion\u2019 to join a partner or parent who has either:\n\n- refugee status in the UK\n\n- humanitarian protection in the UK\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme. Otherwise you need a visa or family permit to come to the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## When you cannot get a family visa\n\nIn some circumstances you cannot apply for, or switch to, a family visa.\n\n## Your family member has a work visa or student visa\n\nYou cannot apply for a family visa if your family member is in the UK temporarily on a work visa or student visa.\n\nYou can apply to stay with them as a dependant instead.\n\n## You have a visitor visa or a visa for 6 months or less\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to leave the UK to apply for a family visa if either:\n\n- you have permission to be in the UK as a visitor\n\n- your visa is for 6 months or less\n\nHowever, you might be able to switch to a family visa in the UK if you have either:\n\n- a 6-month family visa as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- permission to stay in the UK for the outcome of a family court case or divorce\n\n## Apply as a partner or spouse\n\nTo apply as a partner, you and your partner both need to be 18 or over.\n\nYour partner must also either:\n\n- be a British or Irish citizen\n\n- have settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- have a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nYou and your partner must intend to live together permanently in the UK after you apply.\n\nIf your partner has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for a family permit.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need to prove\n\nYou must be able to prove one of the following:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n- you are a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner and will marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of arriving\n\nIf your wedding or civil ceremony has been delayed because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to request an extension or apply to extend your stay. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\nYou also need to prove you:\n\n- have a good knowledge of English\n\n- can financially support yourself and your dependants\n\nIf you do not meet these requirements you may still be able to apply for a visa or extend your permission to stay if:\n\n- you have a child in the UK who is a British or Irish citizen or has lived in the UK for 7 years and it would be unreasonable for them to leave the UK\n\n- there would be very significant difficulties for you and your partner if you lived together as a couple outside the UK that could not be overcome\n\n- it would breach your human rights to stop you coming to the UK or make you leave\n\n## If you\u2019re applying as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\nYou must prove that:\n\n- any previous marriages or civil partnerships have ended\n\n- you plan to marry or become civil partners within 6 months of arriving in the UK\n\nIf your wedding or civil ceremony has been delayed because of COVID-19, you might still be able to request an extension or apply to extend your stay. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\nYou will not be able to work during your engagement.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years and 9 months on this visa. If you\u2019re applying as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner, you can stay for 6 months.\n\nAfter this you\u2019ll need to apply to extend your stay.\n\n## If you extend or switch to this visa\n\nIf you extend your family visa or switch to this visa you can stay in the UK for 2 years and 6 months.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re in the UK or not.\n\n## Outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online from outside the UK.\n\n## In the UK\n\nYou must apply online in the UK.\n\n## If you cannot pay the fee\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Applying with your children\n\nYou can add children to your application as dependants if both of the following apply:\n\n- they are under 18 when you apply, or were under 18 when they were first granted leave\n\n- they do not live an independent life\n\nYour child is living an independent life if, for example, they\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\n## When you can settle permanently\n\nThe earliest you can apply to settle in the UK (called \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) is after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years continuously on a family visa as a partner.\n\nYou cannot include time you\u2019ve spent in the UK:\n\n- on any other visa\n\n- as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\nThe rules are different if you applied before 9 July 2012.\n\n## If you applied before 9 July 2012\n\nYou can only extend your family visa if all the following are true:\n\n- you were given permission to stay in the UK as a partner before 9 July 2012\n\n- you are not eligible to settle in the UK\n\n- you have not been granted or refused another visa\n\nYou must also prove that:\n\n- you and your partner have enough money to financially support yourself and your dependants without relying on public funds\n\n- you have knowledge of English\n\n## Apply as a parent\n\nYou can apply to live in the UK to care for your child.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible to apply as a partner, you must do that instead of applying as a parent.\n\nYour child must either:\n\n- be under 18 on the date you apply\n\n- have been under 18 when you were first granted leave and not live an independent life\n\nYour child is living an independent life if, for example, they\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\nYour child must be living in the UK. One of the following must also be true:\n\n- they\u2019re a British or Irish citizen\n\n- they\u2019ve settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- they\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- if you\u2019re applying in the UK, they must have lived in the UK for 7 years continuously and it would not be reasonable for them to leave\n\nIf your child has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Parental responsibility\n\nYou need to have sole or shared parental responsibility for your child.\n\nIf you share parental responsibility, the child\u2019s other parent must not be your partner. They must also either:\n\n- be a British or Irish citizen\n\n- have settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\nIf the child lives with their other parent or carer, you must have access to the child in person, as agreed with the other parent or carer or by a court order.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need to prove\n\nYou must be able to prove that you\u2019re taking an active role in your child\u2019s upbringing and you plan to continue after you apply. For example you could provide letters from your child\u2019s:\n\n- school confirming you take them to school or go to parent evenings\n\n- doctor, dentist, or health visitor confirming that you take them to appointments\n\n- other parent confirming how much contact you have with your child\n\nIf you provide a letter from the other parent, you\u2019ll need to include proof of their identity. This should be an official document which has their signature on it, for example a copy of their passport, tax return or photocard driving licence.\n\n## English language and financial requirements\n\nYou must also prove you:\n\n- have a good knowledge of English\n\n- can financially support yourself without claiming public funds\n\nIf your child or any other dependants live with you, you must also prove you can financially support them without claiming public funds.\n\nIf you do not meet the English language and financial requirements you can still extend your permission to stay if:\n\n- your child in the UK is a British or Irish citizen or has lived in the UK for 7 years\n\n- it would be unreasonable for them to leave the UK\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years and 9 months on this visa. After this you\u2019ll need to apply to extend your stay.\n\nIf you extend your family visa or switch to this visa you can stay in the UK for 2 years and 6 months.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re in the UK or not.\n\n## Outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online outside the UK. You must also complete Appendix 5.\n\n## In the UK\n\nYou must apply online in the UK.\n\nIf you cannot afford to pay the fee, you must also apply online to waive the fee. You might not have to pay the fee if you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\nRead the guidance for parents before applying.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Applying with other children\n\nYou can add other children to your application as dependants if one of the following applies:\n\n- they are under 18 on the date you apply\n\n- they were under 18 when they were first granted leave on a family visa and do not live an independent life\n\n## When you can settle permanently\n\nThe earliest you can apply to settle in the UK (called \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) is after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years continuously on a family visa as a parent.\n\nYou cannot include time you\u2019ve spent in the UK on any other visa.\n\nThe rules are different if you applied before 9 July 2012.\n\n## Apply as a child\n\nYou can apply for a family visa to join your parent in the UK.\n\nYou may not need a family visa if at least one of your parents has indefinite leave to remain or proof of permanent residence. Check if you can apply to settle in the UK.\n\nIf your parent has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## You were born in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll get the same permission to stay as your parent if you were born in the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou can either:\n\n- be added to your parent\u2019s next application as a dependant\n\n- apply separately\n\nTo apply separately, you\u2019ll need to know what kind of permission to stay in the UK (\u2018limited leave to remain\u2019) your parent has.\n\n## If you\u2019re over 18\n\nYour parent can only include you in their application as a dependant if you:\n\n- got permission to come to or stay in the UK (\u2018leave to enter or remain\u2019) on a family visa when you were under 18\n\n- do not live an independent life\n\n- are applying from inside the UK\n\nYou\u2019re living an independent life if, for example, you\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\n## You were born outside the UK\n\nWhether you can apply depends on your age and how your parent applied.\n\n## If you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou must:\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or living an independent life\n\n- be financially supported without claiming public funds\n\nOne of your parents must also be applying or have applied for a visa or to extend their permission to stay as a:\n\n- partner - and the partner they\u2019re joining is your other parent\n\n- parent - and they have sole parental responsibility for you\n\nOtherwise, you might still be eligible to apply if there are serious reasons to let you come to, or stay in the UK and there are plans for your care.\n\n## If you\u2019re over 18\n\nYour parent can include you in their application as a dependant, or you can apply separately yourself. You can only apply if you:\n\n- got permission to stay in the UK (\u2018leave to remain\u2019) on a family visa when you were under 18\n\n- do not live an independent life\n\nYou\u2019re living an independent life if, for example, you\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\nIf your parent cannot include you in their form and you\u2019re in the UK, you may be eligible to apply for Private Life in the UK (10-year route).\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\n## Apply at the same time as your parent\n\nWhich form you need to fill in depends on whether your parent is applying to enter the UK as the partner of one of the following:\n\n- a British or Irish citizen\n\n- a person with indefinite leave to remain\n\n- a person settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- a person from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein who has pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- a person with a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- a person with refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nIf they are applying as one of these, you must fill in the Appendix FM online form.\n\nIf they are not, you must fill in both:\n\n- the online application form\n\n- the Appendix 1 paper form\n\n## Apply separately\n\nWhich form you need to fill in depends on whether your parent has leave to enter or remain in the UK on a 5 or 10-year route to settlement as the partner of:\n\n- a British or Irish citizen\n\n- a person with indefinite leave to remain\n\n- a person settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- a person from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein who has pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- a person with a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- a person with refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nIf they do, you must fill in the Appendix FM online form.\n\nIf they do not, you must fill in both:\n\n- the online application form\n\n- the Appendix 1 paper form\n\n## Apply from the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nIf you\u2019re already in the UK, you must apply online.\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\nYou can also check if you\u2019re eligible for a different type of visa.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Apply as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative\n\nYou must be outside the UK to apply and need long-term care from a parent, grandchild, brother, sister, son or daughter who is living permanently in the UK.\n\nOne of the following must also apply to the relative:\n\n- they\u2019re a British or Irish citizen\n\n- they\u2019ve settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- they\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- they have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nIf your family member has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for a family permit.\n\nYou must prove all of the following:\n\n- you need long-term care to do everyday personal and household tasks because of illness, disability or your age\n\n- the care you need is not available or affordable in the country you live in\n\n- the person you\u2019ll be joining in the UK will be able to support, accommodate and care for you without claiming public funds for at least 5 years\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n## How long you can stay for\n\nHow long you can stay depends on the status of your family member.\n\n## If your family member is British, Irish or settled in the UK\n\nYour stay is unlimited. You will not need to apply to extend or settle.\n\n## If your family member has pre-settled status\n\nThey must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021. You can stay as long as your family member stays. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or settle when they do.\n\n## If your family member has refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nYou can stay as long as your family member stays. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or settle when they do.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nYou must apply as an adult dependent relative online and complete Appendix 1.\n\n## Apply to extend your stay\n\nApply online to extend your stay in the UK.\n\n## Apply on the basis of your private life\n\nYou can only apply on the basis of your private life if you\u2019re already living in the UK.\n\nYou must be able to prove that you\u2019re:\n\n- under 18 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously for at least 7 years, and it would be unreasonable to expect you to leave the UK\n\n- between 18 and 24 and you\u2019ve lived continuously in the UK for more than half your life\n\n- 18 or over, have spent less than 20 years in the UK and would have very significant problems living in the country you\u2019d have to go to - for example, you do not speak the language and could not learn it\n\n- 25 or over and you\u2019ve been in the UK continuously for 20 years\n\nYour family members can apply on the same application - you\u2019ll be considered separately.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\n## If you cannot pay the application fee\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot afford to pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.\n\n## When you do not need to prove it\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English or take a test if one of the following is true:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a child\n\n- you\u2019re applying as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK on a family visa for 5 years and you\u2019re extending it as a partner or parent\n\n- you\u2019re over 65\n\n- you have a physical or mental condition that prevents you from meeting the requirement\n\nYou also will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## How to prove your knowledge of English\n\nYou can prove it with an academic qualification, or by taking a test.\n\n## Academic qualifications\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English if you have a degree or academic qualification that was taught or researched in English.\n\nIf your qualification is from a UK university or college, you only need your degree certificate.\n\n## If your qualification is from a university or college outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certificate from Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to show that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree or higher and that it was taught in English.\n\nThere are 2 kinds of certificate:\n\n- a statement of comparability\n\n- a visa and nationality statement\n\nYou need a statement of comparability if you got your qualification from a university or college in one of these countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Ireland\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\nIf you got your qualification from a university or college in any other country, you need a visa and nationality statement.\n\n## Take an approved English language test\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by passing an approved English language test.\n\nYou must pass at least level A1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale for your first visa application. You can choose to take a higher level test.\n\nIf you pass level B1 level or higher, the test will be accepted if it\u2019s still on the list of approved English language tests when you apply for settlement after 5 years.\n\nIf you cannot take an English language test because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to apply for an exemption. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## If you want to settle permanently in the UK within 5 years\n\nYou may have to pass a higher CEFR level if you want to stay in the UK after 2.5 years. What you need to do depends on what CEFR level you passed for your first visa.\n\nIf you passed:\n\n- level A1 you\u2019ll need to pass level A2 in speaking and listening\n\n- level A2, B1, B2, C1 or C2 you can use the test again for your application if it\u2019s still on the list of approved English language tests\n\nIf you were given an exemption, you\u2019ll need to pass a test at level A1.\n\nRead the English language requirement: family members guidance.\n\n## Give proof of your income\n\nYou and your partner must have a combined income of at least \u00a318,600 a year if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a partner\n\n- you want to settle in the UK (get \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) within 5 years\n\nYou must prove you have extra money if you have children who:\n\n- are not British or Irish citizens\n\n- do not have pre-settled status\n\n- are not permanently settled in the UK\n\nYou might not need to prove you have extra money if your children are citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland and they do not have pre-settled status or are not permanently settled in the UK. Check the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information.\n\nIf you need to prove extra money for your children, you\u2019ll need to earn an extra:\n\n- \u00a33,800 for your first child\n\n- \u00a32,400 for each child you have after your first child\n\nThis is called the \u2018minimum income requirement\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to use your savings instead of income.\n\nHow you prove you have the money depends on how you got the income.\n\nIf you\u2019ve experienced a loss of income because of coronavirus (COVID-19), for example if you\u2019ve been furloughed or you\u2019re self employed, you might still be able to apply. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## What counts as income\n\nYou and your partner can use:\n\n- income from employment before tax and National Insurance (check your P60 or payslips) - you can only use your own income if you earn it in the UK\n\n- income you earn from self-employment or as a director of a limited company in the UK - check your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- cash savings above \u00a316,000\n\n- money from a pension\n\n- non-work income, for example from property rentals or dividends\n\nIf you\u2019re using income from self-employment or employment, you\u2019ll need to prove you or your partner received that income for 6 months or more.\n\n## What proof you need to give\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide proof of your income with your application. If you or your partner are employed, you could include:\n\n- bank statements showing you or your partner\u2019s income\n\n- 6 months of payslips\n\n- a letter from an employer, dated and on headed paper\n\nThe employer\u2019s letter should confirm:\n\n- you or your partner are employed there\n\n- the job title or position you or your partner hold\n\n- how long you or your partner have worked there\n\n- the type of contract (for example, permanent, fixed term)\n\n- what you or your partner earn before tax and National Insurance\n\n- how long you or your partner have been paid your current salary\n\n- the payslips are genuine\n\nYou\u2019ll be told exactly what documents to provide when you apply online.\n\nCheck the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement if:\n\n- you or your partner\u2019s income is more complicated\n\n- you or your partner have taken maternity or paternity leave in the last 6 months\n\n- you want to combine different income sources\n\nThe detailed guidance also explains the evidence you need to provide for each of the types of income you\u2019re relying on.\n\n## If you cannot meet the minimum income requirement\n\nYou need to show you and your partner meet the minimum income requirement if you want to settle in 5 years as a partner.\n\nIf you do not meet the requirement, you may be able to settle in 10 years.\n\n## When you do not need to meet the income requirement\n\nYou may be able to settle in 5 years without meeting the minimum income requirement if either:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a parent\n\n- you get certain benefits, for example Disability Living Allowance or Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nYou need to show you and your family have enough money to adequately support and accommodate yourselves without relying on public funds. The caseworker considers your income and housing costs.\n\nCheck the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information\n\n## Information you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have information and some evidence ready when you make your application. Include information for you and any dependants applying at the same time.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- all your names\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your current passport or other valid travel ID\n\n- copies of the photo page and any visa or entry stamps in your previous passports\n\n- a copy of your biometric residence permit, if you have one\n\n- details of any previous immigration applications you\u2019ve made\n\n- details of any criminal convictions\n\n- your national insurance number, if you have one\n\n- your parents\u2019 date of birth and nationality if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a certified translation of any document that is not in English or Welsh\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa if you\u2019re applying outside the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need an email address to make an online application.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to:\n\n- give proof of your finances\n\n- prove your knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances - for example a sponsorship form from your family member in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to provide your documents when you apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to provide specified documents because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Your partner\u2019s details\n\nIf you have a partner, you\u2019ll be asked about their:\n\n- name\n\n- date of birth\n\n- nationality\n\n- passport\n\n- right to be in the UK, for example they\u2019re a British citizen\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to give details of:\n\n- any people your partner was previously married to, in a civil partnership with or had children with\n\n- evidence of marriages ending, for example a divorce certificate\n\n- anyone your partner supports with money, for example their parents\n\n## Proof of relationship\n\nIf you\u2019re applying as a spouse or partner, you\u2019ll be asked about:\n\n- your relationship with your partner, for example how you met and how often you see each other\n\n- how long you\u2019ve lived together - you\u2019ll need to provide proof like council tax bills\n\n- things you pay for together\n\n- whether you\u2019re your partner\u2019s carer\n\n## Your previous partners\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include details of anyone you previously married or had children with. Include evidence of marriages ending, for example a divorce certificate.\n\n## Children\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of your children (and your partner\u2019s children if you have one). You\u2019ll be asked about all children, even if they\u2019re not applying.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of:\n\n- their name\n\n- their nationality\n\n- their date of birth\n\n- their passport details\n\n- who the child normally lives with\n\n- any other people with parental responsibility for your child, for example your step children\u2019s other parents\n\n- how you\u2019re involved in their day to day life\n\n- arrangements you have to see the child - for example the courts have granted you access\n\n- the child\u2019s extended family\n\n- any countries your child has visited or lived in\n\n## Your life outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of:\n\n- countries outside the UK you\u2019ve lived in and visited\n\n- family and friends in the countries where you were born or have nationality\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to attend an appointment to provide your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo). You\u2019ll be told how to make an appointment when you apply.\n\n## Getting your documents back\n\nYou can ask for your passport and other documents to be returned if you\u2019ve provided them with your application but need them urgently.\n\nYou might have to cancel your application to get your documents back.\n\n## If your application is approved\n\nYou\u2019ll get a biometric residence permit.\n\nYou can:\n\n- work\n\n- study\n\nYou cannot work or study if you\u2019re applying for a visa or extending your stay to get married or become civil partners.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- usually get benefits or other public funds for you or your dependants\n\n- apply to settle in the UK until you\u2019re eligible", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-family-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My family and i have made an application for a visa to the UK. I have managed to collate all our documents and we all speak English as our first language. We are planning on staying in the UK for 32 days and i feel our income of \u00a354,000 per annum allows for this.", + "original_question": "Would we need to renew our visa during our stay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1905", + "question": "Scenario: I am French former professional footballer, and I am completing a Sports Science doctoral degree at a UK University and have a student visa. I have been offered the job as coach of a local league football team.\n\nQuestion: Can I switch to the Creative and Sporting visa?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou must apply for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if:\n\n- you\u2019ve been offered work in the UK as a sports person or creative worker\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nA creative worker is someone who works in the creative industry, for example an actor, dancer, musician or film crew member.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can come to the UK for a maximum of up to 12 months, or the time given in your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou may be able to extend your visa.\n\nYour stay must start no more than 14 days before the start date on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nIf you intend to work in the UK for 3 months or less, you may be able to use the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession instead of applying for the visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition\n\n- work as a sports broadcaster\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start your own business\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour eligibility for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) depends on whether you\u2019re a sports person or a creative worker.\n\n## Sports person\n\nYou need to make a significant contribution to your sport at the highest level in the UK to be eligible for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need all of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Creative worker\n\nYou need all of the following to be eligible for the creative category:\n\n- make a unique contribution to the UK labour market, for example you\u2019re internationally renowned or are required for continuity\n\n- certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- be paid the minimum salary as set by Equity, PACT or BECTU (except for models, musicians or circuses)\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nYou need a licensed sponsor to give you a certificate of sponsorship before you can apply to work in the UK.\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.\n\nThey must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example how much you\u2019ll be paid.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Changing your sponsor\n\nYou must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\nChanging your sponsor does not change how long you can stay in the UK. You can only stay the maximum length of time allowed by this visa.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor needs to give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship if you need to leave and come back to the UK as part of the job you\u2019re doing.\n\n## Multiple jobs when you\u2019re a creative worker\n\nYour sponsor can give you a certificate that covers the entire length of your stay, even if you need to perform at more than one engagement. If you\u2019re working for more than one sponsor, you can get a certificate from each sponsor.\n\nThere cannot be a gap of more than 14 days between each job. If you leave the UK and come back, your time away will not count towards those 14 days.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a letter of endorsement from your sport\u2019s governing body, if you\u2019re applying as a sportsperson or coach\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou cannot extend your stay if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\nYou must be in the UK to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\n## Creative worker\n\nYou can extend your visa for whichever is the shortest of:\n\n- up to 12 months\n\n- the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days\n\n- the time needed to extend your stay to the maximum of 24 months\n\nYou must stay with the same sponsor.\n\n## Sports person\n\nYou can extend your visa up to 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can switch to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if you\u2019re in the UK on a Standard Visitor visa and your sponsor gave you a certificate of sponsorship for this visa before you came to the UK.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou cannot switch to this visa if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for a maximum of up to 12 months after switching to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to switch to this visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession\n\nYou can enter the UK without applying for a visa in advance if you:\n\n- have a valid Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) certificate of sponsorship\n\n- are coming to work in the UK for 3 months or less\n\n- do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor\n\nYou must still meet the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) eligibility criteria.\n\nYou will not be able to extend your stay while you are in the UK, or switch to another temporary worker visa or a Skilled Worker visa.\n\nYour partner and children can travel with you if they also do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor.\n\n## When you arrive in the UK\n\nYou must see an immigration officer when you arrive in the UK - do not use the automatic ePassport gates. The officer will check:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship is valid\n\n- you have enough money to support yourself\n\nYou will not be allowed to work if you use an automatic ePassport gate. You must see an immigration officer.\n\n## If you enter the UK from Ireland\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling to the UK from Ireland using the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession, you must apply for remote clearance at least 72 hours before you arrive in the UK.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition\n\n- work as a sports broadcaster\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start your own business\n\n- extend your stay or switch to another visa", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am French former professional footballer, and I am completing a Sports Science doctoral degree at a UK University and have a student visa. I have been offered the job as coach of a local league football team.", + "original_question": "Can I switch to the Creative and Sporting visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1906", + "question": "Scenario: I am a stage manager from Chile and have a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5). I work at a London theatre. I wish for my wife, who is still in Chile, to join me in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Can my wife come to live with me whilst I am working in the UK under my current visa?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou must apply for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if:\n\n- you\u2019ve been offered work in the UK as a sports person or creative worker\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nA creative worker is someone who works in the creative industry, for example an actor, dancer, musician or film crew member.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can come to the UK for a maximum of up to 12 months, or the time given in your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou may be able to extend your visa.\n\nYour stay must start no more than 14 days before the start date on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nIf you intend to work in the UK for 3 months or less, you may be able to use the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession instead of applying for the visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition\n\n- work as a sports broadcaster\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start your own business\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour eligibility for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) depends on whether you\u2019re a sports person or a creative worker.\n\n## Sports person\n\nYou need to make a significant contribution to your sport at the highest level in the UK to be eligible for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need all of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Creative worker\n\nYou need all of the following to be eligible for the creative category:\n\n- make a unique contribution to the UK labour market, for example you\u2019re internationally renowned or are required for continuity\n\n- certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- be paid the minimum salary as set by Equity, PACT or BECTU (except for models, musicians or circuses)\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nYou need a licensed sponsor to give you a certificate of sponsorship before you can apply to work in the UK.\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.\n\nThey must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example how much you\u2019ll be paid.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Changing your sponsor\n\nYou must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\nChanging your sponsor does not change how long you can stay in the UK. You can only stay the maximum length of time allowed by this visa.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor needs to give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship if you need to leave and come back to the UK as part of the job you\u2019re doing.\n\n## Multiple jobs when you\u2019re a creative worker\n\nYour sponsor can give you a certificate that covers the entire length of your stay, even if you need to perform at more than one engagement. If you\u2019re working for more than one sponsor, you can get a certificate from each sponsor.\n\nThere cannot be a gap of more than 14 days between each job. If you leave the UK and come back, your time away will not count towards those 14 days.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a letter of endorsement from your sport\u2019s governing body, if you\u2019re applying as a sportsperson or coach\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou cannot extend your stay if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\nYou must be in the UK to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\n## Creative worker\n\nYou can extend your visa for whichever is the shortest of:\n\n- up to 12 months\n\n- the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days\n\n- the time needed to extend your stay to the maximum of 24 months\n\nYou must stay with the same sponsor.\n\n## Sports person\n\nYou can extend your visa up to 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can switch to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if you\u2019re in the UK on a Standard Visitor visa and your sponsor gave you a certificate of sponsorship for this visa before you came to the UK.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou cannot switch to this visa if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for a maximum of up to 12 months after switching to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to switch to this visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession\n\nYou can enter the UK without applying for a visa in advance if you:\n\n- have a valid Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) certificate of sponsorship\n\n- are coming to work in the UK for 3 months or less\n\n- do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor\n\nYou must still meet the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) eligibility criteria.\n\nYou will not be able to extend your stay while you are in the UK, or switch to another temporary worker visa or a Skilled Worker visa.\n\nYour partner and children can travel with you if they also do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor.\n\n## When you arrive in the UK\n\nYou must see an immigration officer when you arrive in the UK - do not use the automatic ePassport gates. The officer will check:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship is valid\n\n- you have enough money to support yourself\n\nYou will not be allowed to work if you use an automatic ePassport gate. You must see an immigration officer.\n\n## If you enter the UK from Ireland\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling to the UK from Ireland using the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession, you must apply for remote clearance at least 72 hours before you arrive in the UK.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition\n\n- work as a sports broadcaster\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start your own business\n\n- extend your stay or switch to another visa", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a stage manager from Chile and have a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5). I work at a London theatre. I wish for my wife, who is still in Chile, to join me in the UK.", + "original_question": "Can my wife come to live with me whilst I am working in the UK under my current visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1907", + "question": "Scenario: I am a worker who has been offered a religious role in the UK. I have received a certificate of sponsorship for my religious worker visa application. I have \u00a315,000.\n\nQuestion: Will this amount of savings be sufficient for my application?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5) if:\n\n- you want to do religious work in a non-pastoral role or religious order\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Religious Worker) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou must have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed sponsor before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to your sponsor organisation\u2019s work.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you are applying to extend from inside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend from inside the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a visa to live and work in the UK for up to 24 months, or up to 28 days more than the time on your certificate of sponsorship. You may be sponsored for a shorter period.\n\nYou can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week outside the hours of your main job\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week outside the hours of your main job\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot get public funds.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have both of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about the job you\u2019ll do and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYour sponsor must also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, for example your working hours.\n\nYour sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\nYou must apply again if you want to change your job within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 24 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days - whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK to extend\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend as a partner\n\n- extend as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/religious-worker-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a worker who has been offered a religious role in the UK. I have received a certificate of sponsorship for my religious worker visa application. I have \u00a315,000.", + "original_question": "Will this amount of savings be sufficient for my application?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1908", + "question": "Scenario: I have just turned 16 years old, so I am old enough to get an adult's passport. I currently have a British child's passport with three years left on it.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to get an adult's passport now?\n\nDocument - Getting your first adult passport:\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply for a first adult passport if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a British national\n\n- you\u2019re aged 16 or over (or will be in 3 weeks)\n\n- you\u2019ve never had a UK passport before\n\nYou must also apply if your last UK passport was issued before 1 January 1994.\n\nYou can use your child passport until it expires, even if you\u2019re over 18.\n\nAn adult passport is valid for 10 years.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow up to 10 weeks to get your passport.\n\nIf you need a passport to travel urgently for medical treatment or because a friend or family member is seriously ill or has died, call the Passport Adviceline.\n\nDo not book travel until you get your passport.\n\n## Ways to apply\n\nIf you\u2019re in the UK, you can either:\n\n- apply online - it costs \u00a375.50\n\n- apply with a paper form - it costs \u00a385\n\nIt\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Use the online service to get your passport.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to apply if you\u2019re overseas.\n\n## What documents you need to apply\n\nYou must send original documents. Photocopies are not accepted.\n\nIf you do not have your original certificates (for example, your birth certificate), you need to get an official copy.\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh, you need to send a certified translation.\n\nYou can send laminated documents if that\u2019s the only format they are issued in.\n\n## You were born or adopted in the UK\n\nWhat documents you need depend on when you were born.\n\n## Before 1 January 1983\n\nYou\u2019ll need your full birth certificate or adoption certificate.\n\n## On or after 1 January 1983\n\nYou\u2019ll need your full birth certificate or adoption certificate and either:\n\n- your mother\u2019s or father\u2019s full UK birth certificate, or the Home Office certificate of registration or naturalisation, or a British passport belonging to one of your parents that was valid when you were born, or a British passport number for either parent\n\n- evidence of one of your parents\u2019 immigration status in the UK at the time of your birth, for example a foreign passport belonging to one of your parents that was valid when you were born\n\nIf you send documents relating to your father, you must also send your parents\u2019 marriage certificate.\n\n## You were born outside the UK\n\nWhat documents you need depend on your circumstances.\n\n## You have a certificate of naturalisation or registration\n\nYou\u2019ll need both:\n\n- your naturalisation or registration certificate\n\n- the passport you used to come into the UK or the foreign passport you\u2019re included on\n\n## Citizen of a British overseas territory and born before 1 January 1983\n\nYou\u2019ll need all of the following:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- your current passport\n\n- the passport you used to come into the UK or the foreign passport you\u2019re included on\n\n## Born before 1 January 1983 and your father was born in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need all of the following:\n\n- your full birth certificate showing your parents\u2019 details\n\n- your father\u2019s birth certificate\n\n- your parents\u2019 marriage certificate\n\n- the passport you used to come into the UK or foreign passport you\u2019re included on\n\n## Born on or after 1 January 1983\n\nYou\u2019ll need all of the following:\n\n- your full birth certificate showing your parents\u2019 details\n\n- the passport you used to come into the UK or any foreign passport that you\u2019re included on\n\n- evidence of one parent\u2019s British nationality, for example their UK birth or adoption, naturalisation or registration certificate\n\nIf these documents relate to your father, you must include the marriage certificate showing when he married your mother.\n\n## Your circumstances are different\n\nIf your circumstances are not listed, read the guidance booklet to find out what documents you\u2019ll need. If you apply online you\u2019ll be told what documents you need as part of your application.\n\n## How your documents will be sent back\n\nThe supporting documents will be returned separately from your passport. How you get them depends on the delivery option you choose when you fill in your application.\n\n## Apply online\n\nTo apply online you\u2019ll need:\n\n- a digital photo of you (or a device that takes digital photos and someone to take your photo)\n\n- someone who can confirm your identity\n\n- supporting documents\n\n- a credit or debit card\n\nIt costs \u00a375.50.\n\n## Start your application\n\nApply and pay for your passport online.\n\nStart now\n\n## Ask someone to confirm your identity\n\nAfter you\u2019ve paid and submitted your application, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your identity.\n\nLet the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.\n\nFind out who can confirm your identity and what they need to do.\n\n## Send your documents\n\nAfter the person you asked has confirmed your identity, you\u2019ll receive an email explaining what documents you need to send and where to send them.\n\nAfter you apply, you may be asked to attend an interview.\n\n## Apply with a paper form\n\nTo apply with a paper form you\u2019ll need:\n\n- a filled-in application form\n\n- 2 identical printed passport photos\n\n- someone who can confirm your identity (a \u2018countersignatory\u2019)\n\n- supporting documents\n\nIt costs \u00a385. The booklet that comes with the form explains how to pay.\n\nIt takes longer to apply by post than online.\n\n## Fill in your application form\n\nYou can get a paper application form from either:\n\n- a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service\n\n- the Passport Adviceline\n\nFill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 9. Your countersignatory will need to fill in section 10.\n\nRead the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.\n\n## Get a countersignatory\n\nYou need to get someone else to confirm your identity (a \u2018countersignatory\u2019). They\u2019ll need to:\n\n- fill in section 10 of your form\n\n- sign and date one of your photos\n\nFind out who can be a countersignatory and what they need to do.\n\n## Gather your documents and send your application\n\nYou need to send all of the following:\n\n- your filled-in application form\n\n- your supporting documents\n\n- your 2 passport photos (one of them signed and dated by your countersignatory)\n\nTo send in your form, documents and photos, you can either:\n\n- post them using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form\n\n- take them to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service\n\nAfter you apply, you may be asked to attend an interview.\n\n## After you apply\n\n## Passport interviews\n\nAfter you apply, you may need to be interviewed to confirm your identity.\n\nPassport offices are temporarily closed and face-to-face interviews are suspended because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nVideo interviews are taking place online. If you need an interview, you\u2019ll be contacted after your application has been processed to book it.\n\n## Getting your new passport and supporting documents\n\nYou\u2019ll receive your new passport by courier or recorded delivery.\n\nThe supporting documents will be returned separately from your passport. How you get them depends on the delivery option you choose when you fill in your application.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-first-adult-passport", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just turned 16 years old, so I am old enough to get an adult's passport. I currently have a British child's passport with three years left on it.", + "original_question": "Do I need to get an adult's passport now?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1910", + "question": "Scenario: I am a doctor from the US who will be getting a job in the UK. The job will be in accounting, and I will receive a salary of \u00a350,000 per year.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible for a Skilled Worker visa?\n\nDocument - Skilled Worker visa:\n## Overview\n\nA Skilled Worker visa allows you to come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job with an approved employer.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 2 (General) work visa.\n\nSome\u00a0health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## Your job\n\nTo qualify for a Skilled Worker visa, you must:\n\n- work for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office\n\n- have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK\n\n- do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations\n\n- be paid a minimum salary - how much depends on the type of work you do\n\nThe specific eligibility depends on your job.\n\nYou must have a confirmed job offer before you apply for your visa.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou must be able to speak, read, write and understand English. You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of English when you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible for a Skilled Worker visa\n\nYou may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYour visa can last for up to 5 years before you need to extend it. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or update your visa when it expires or if you change jobs or employer.\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nAfter 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and extending your current visa\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nIf you want to change your job or employer, you must apply to update your visa.\n\nYou can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you are due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:\n\n- 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\nIf you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nYou, your partner or children will each need to:\n\n- pay the application fee\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay\n\n- prove you have enough personal savings\n\nCheck how much money you\u2019ll need.\n\n## If you work in public sector healthcare\n\nIf you\u2019re a doctor or nurse, or you work in health or adult social care, check if you\u2019re eligible to apply for the Health and Care Worker visa instead. It\u2019s cheaper to apply for and you do not need to pay the annual immigration health surcharge.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith a Skilled Worker visa you can:\n\n- work in an eligible job\n\n- study\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\n- take on additional work in certain circumstances\n\n- do voluntary work\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- change jobs or employer unless you apply to update your visa\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Skilled Worker visa.\n\n## Your job\n\nYou must meet all of the following requirements to be eligible for a Skilled Worker visa:\n\n- your job is eligible for this visa\n\n- you\u2019ll be working for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office\n\n- you\u2019ll be paid at least the minimum salary for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing\n\nThe minimum salary for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing is whichever is the highest out of the following 3 options:\n\n- \u00a325,600 per year\n\n- \u00a310.10 per hour\n\n- the \u2018going rate\u2019 for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing\n\n## Check if your job is eligible\n\nBefore you can find out if your job is eligible, you need to know its 4-digit occupation code.\n\nIf you already have a job offer, ask your employer for your occupation code.\n\n## Look up your job\u2019s occupation code\n\nIf you do not know your code, you can search for your job in the ONS occupation coding tool.\n\nNot every job title is included. If you cannot find your exact job title, try searching for similar jobs.\n\nMake sure the job description matches what you\u2019ll be doing. Some similar jobs have different codes, for example chefs and cooks. Chefs are eligible for a Skilled Worker visa, but cooks are not.\n\n## Check if an occupation code is eligible for this visa\n\nWhen you know your occupation code, view the table of eligible jobs to see if it\u2019s included.\n\nThe table is very large. It\u2019s sorted in order of occupation code, with the smallest numbers at the top. You may be able to use your web browser to search for your code on the page.\n\n## Salary requirements\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a325,600 per year or \u00a310.10 per hour, whichever is higher. If the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than both of these, you\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least the going rate.\n\nEach occupation code has its own annual going rate. Check the going rate for your job in the going rates table.\n\n## If you work in healthcare or education\n\nThere are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs, where the going rate is based on national pay scales.\n\n## When you can be paid less\n\nIf you do not meet the usual salary requirements, and you do not work in healthcare or education, you might still be eligible if your salary will be at least \u00a320,480 per year and at least \u00a310.10 per hour.\n\nCheck when you can be paid less.\n\n## Approved UK employers\n\nYou must have a job offer from an approved UK employer before you apply for a Skilled Worker visa. Approved employers are also known as sponsors, because they are sponsoring you to come to or stay in the UK.\n\nView the list of approved UK employers.\n\nIf your employer is not currently approved, they can apply for a sponsor licence if they\u2019re eligible.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to pay a fee - \u00a3536 for small businesses and charities or \u00a31,476 for medium and large organisations. It usually takes around 8 weeks to process a licence application.\n\n## If you already have a job offer from an approved employer\n\nYour employer - also known as your sponsor - will check that you meet the eligibility requirements. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 to prove this.\n\nThe certificate of sponsorship is an electronic record, not a physical document. It will have a reference number, which you\u2019ll need for your visa application.\n\nYou must apply for your visa within 3 months of getting your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## When you can be paid less\n\nYou might still be able to apply for a Skilled Worker visa if your job is eligible but your salary is less than \u00a325,600 or your job\u2019s usual \u2018going rate\u2019. You must still be paid at least \u00a310.10 per hour.\n\nYou can be paid between 70% and 90% of the usual going rate for your job if your salary is at least \u00a320,480 per year and you meet one of the following criteria:\n\n- your job is in a shortage occupation\n\n- you\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training\n\n- you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job (if you have a relevant PhD level qualification in any other subject your salary must be at least \u00a323,040)\n\n- you have a postdoctoral position in science or higher education\n\nThere are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs.\n\n## Your job is in a shortage occupation\n\nA \u2018shortage occupation\u2019 is a skilled job where there is a shortage of workers in the UK.\n\nIf your job is on the shortage occupation list, you can:\n\n- be paid 80% of the job\u2019s usual going rate\n\n- pay a lower fee for your visa\n\nView the shortage occupations list to see if your job is included and how much you\u2019ll need to be paid.\n\nMake sure you check there\u2019s a shortage in the part of the UK you\u2019ll be working in - England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## You\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training\n\nYou can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re under 26 on the date you apply\n\n- you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Student visa studying at bachelor\u2019s degree level or above - or you have been in the last 2 years, and a Student or visit visa was your most recent visa\n\n- you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Graduate Entrepreneur visa\n\n- you\u2019ll be working towards a recognised qualification in a UK regulated profession\n\n- you\u2019ll be working towards full registration or chartered status in the job you\u2019re being sponsored for\n\nIf this applies to you, check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.\n\nYour total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply for one of these reasons. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.\n\n## You have a PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job\n\nIf your job is eligible for a PhD salary discount, you can be paid 80% or 90% of the job\u2019s usual going rate, depending on which subject you are qualified in.\n\nIf you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) qualification, you can be paid 80% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still be paid at least \u00a320,480 per year.\n\nIf you have a non-STEM qualification, you can be paid 90% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still be paid at least \u00a323,040 a year.\n\nIn both situations, you must:\n\n- have a UK PhD or an equivalent doctorate-level overseas qualification - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to check if an overseas qualification is equivalent to a UK PhD\n\n- be able to prove your qualification is relevant to the job you\u2019ll be doing in the UK - your employer can confirm this\n\nView the list of jobs that qualify for a PhD salary discount to see if your job is included and how much you need to be paid.\n\nIf you\u2019re a research or academic leader, you may also be eligible to apply for the Global Talent visa. This visa has no language or minimum salary requirements.\n\n## You have a postdoctoral position in science or higher education\n\nYou can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if you\u2019ll be working in a postdoctoral position in certain science or higher education roles.\n\nYour job must be in one of the following occupation codes to qualify for this salary discount:\n\n- 2111: chemical scientists\n\n- 2112: biological scientists and biochemists\n\n- 2113: physical scientists\n\n- 2114: social and humanities scientists\n\n- 2119: natural and social science professionals that are \u2018not elsewhere classified\u2019, such as research fellows and sports scientists\n\n- 2311: higher education teaching professionals\n\nIf this applies to you, check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.\n\nYour total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply to work in a postdoctoral position at 70% of the usual going rate. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.\n\n## If you work in healthcare or education\n\nThere are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs. Your salary must be at least \u00a320,480 - or more if your job\u2019s \u2018going rate\u2019 is higher.\n\nThe going rates for these jobs are based on the national pay scales set by the relevant independent body, for example the NHS.\n\nView the list of eligible healthcare and education jobs to see if your job is included.\n\n## National pay scales tables\n\nIf your job is on the list, your salary must be at least the national pay scale rate for the job you\u2019ll be doing.\n\nThese going rates apply whether you\u2019ll be working in the public or private sector.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll need to be paid in the:\n\n- table of national pay scales for eligible healthcare jobs - listed by NHS pay band and area of the UK\n\n- table of national pay scales for eligible teaching and education leadership jobs - listed by role and area of the UK\n\nAsk your employer if you\u2019re not sure what your role or pay band will be.\n\n## If your job is on the shortage occupation list\n\nYou and your family will pay a lower application fee if your job is in a shortage occupation.\n\nView the list of healthcare and education shortage occupations to see if your job is included.\n\nMake sure you check there\u2019s a shortage in the part of the UK you\u2019ll be working in - England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nIf your job is on the list, the reduced fee for each person applying is:\n\n- \u00a3464 if you\u2019re staying for up to 3 years\n\n- \u00a3928 if you\u2019re staying for more than 3 years\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay the healthcare surcharge and prove you can support yourself in the UK - check how much money you\u2019ll need.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.\n\n## Level of English\n\nYou must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to at least level B1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by:\n\n- passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider\n\n- having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English, gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18\n\n- having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) for confirmation that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\n## Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## If you\u2019re a doctor, dentist, nurse, midwife or vet\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019ve already passed an English Language assessment that is accepted by the relevant regulated professional body.\n\nIf you\u2019re a vet, you may need to prove that you passed an English Language assessment with the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nWhen you apply for a Skilled Worker visa, you\u2019ll need to have enough money to:\n\n- pay the application fee - the standard fee ranges from \u00a3610 to \u00a31,408 depending on your circumstances\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge - this is usually \u00a3624 per year\n\n- support yourself when you arrive in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\nYou\u2019ll pay a lower application fee if your job is on the shortage occupation list.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.\n\n## Application fees\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from outside the UK, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:\n\n- up to 3 years - \u00a3610 per person\n\n- more than 3 years - \u00a31,220 per person\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from inside the UK to extend, switch or update your visa, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:\n\n- up to 3 years - \u00a3704 per person\n\n- more than 3 years - \u00a31,408 per person\n\n## If your job is on the shortage occupation list\n\nYou and your family will pay a lower application fee if your job is on the shortage occupation list.\n\nThe fee for each person applying is:\n\n- \u00a3464 if you\u2019re staying for up to 3 years\n\n- \u00a3928 if you\u2019re staying for more than 3 years\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\nThere\u2019s a different list of shortage occupations if you work in healthcare or education.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nIf your job is on the shortage occupation list, you\u2019ll get this reduction as well as paying a lower fee.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay - this is usually \u00a3624 per year. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- proof of your knowledge of English\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- your job title and annual salary\n\n- your job\u2019s occupation code\n\n- the name of your employer and their sponsor licence number - this will be on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nAsk your employer for a copy of your certificate of sponsorship if you do not have one.\n\n## If your certificate of sponsorship was issued before 1 December 2020\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship will need to be updated because it was assigned to you before the Tier 2 (General) work visa was replaced by the Skilled Worker visa.\n\nAsk your employer to update the \u2018sponsor notes\u2019 section in the UK visa sponsorship management system.\n\n## Other documents you might need\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might be asked to provide:\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country\n\n- a criminal record certificate - if you\u2019re working in certain jobs\n\n- a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher\n\n- your UK PhD certificate, or your unique Ecctis reference number (formerly unique UK NARIC reference number) if your qualification is from outside the UK - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis\n\nYou\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\n## Criminal record certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a criminal record certificate if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK and you work in:\n\n- education, for example teachers, education advisers and school inspectors, childminders, teaching assistants\n\n- healthcare, for example nurses, doctors, paramedics, managers, pharmacists, dentists and dental nurses, ophthalmic opticians\n\n- therapy, for example psychologists, speech and language therapists, counsellors\n\n- social services, for example social workers, managers, probation officers, welfare and housing officers\n\nCheck how to apply for criminal records checks.\n\nIf you work in healthcare, you might be able to apply for the Health and Care Worker visa instead.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lived in more than one country\n\nYou might need to provide a certificate from each country you\u2019ve lived in, depending on your age and how long you stayed in each country.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 28, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in for a total of 12 months or more since you turned 18.\n\nIf you\u2019re 28 or over, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in over the last 10 years.\n\n## When you\u2019ve got your documents ready\n\nYou can apply online once your documents are ready.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and extending your current visa\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nIf you\u2019ve read the guidance and you\u2019re not sure if you\u2019re eligible, you can use a Home Office checker tool. You\u2019ll be asked to confirm that you meet all of the eligibility requirements.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Skilled Worker visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply for a Skilled Worker visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must either:\n\n- apply online as your partner\n\n- apply online as your child\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity.\n\nThey\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nvisa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\nIf they do need an appointment:\n\n- the visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application\n\n- they may have to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nApply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you apply to extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your partner\n\n- extend or switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou must apply for your child\u2019s dependant visa if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.\n\nThe form you fill in depends on if:\n\n- your child is inside the UK\n\n- your child is outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can usually apply to extend a Skilled Worker visa or a Tier 2 (General) work visa if all of the following are true:\n\n- you have the same job as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK\n\n- your job is in the same occupation code as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re still working for the employer who gave you your current certificate of sponsorship\n\nSome\u00a0health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## If you have a Tier 2 (General) work visa\n\nYou may need to meet different eligibility requirements, depending on:\n\n- whether you got the certificate of sponsorship for your first Tier 2 visa before or after 24 November 2016\n\n- whether you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Skilled Worker visa before 6 April 2021\n\n- your occupation code - some have different going rates\n\nThe requirements will apply if you either:\n\n- have a Tier 2 (General) work visa\n\n- had a Tier 2 (General) work visa which you\u2019ve extended as a Skilled Worker visa\n\n## If you got your certificate of sponsorship before 24 November 2016\n\nIf you apply to extend before 24 May 2023, the minimum salary you\u2019ll need to be paid is fixed at a lower rate. You\u2019ll need to be paid at least \u00a320,800 per year unless the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than this.\n\n## If you got your certificate of sponsorship on or after 24 November 2016\n\nIf you apply to extend before 1 December 2026, you will still need to meet the new salary requirements, but your salary may also include allowances, such as London weighting. Any allowances must be guaranteed for the length of your stay.\n\n## If you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Skilled Worker visa before 6 April 2021\n\nThe minimum salary requirement of \u00a310.10 per hour or the going rate for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing does not apply.\n\n## Jobs with different going rates\n\nFor some jobs, the going rate for the Skilled Worker visa is different.\n\n| Occupation code | Going rate for Skilled Worker visa | 90% of going rate (for relevant STEM PhD) | 80% of going rate (for relevant non-STEM PhD or shortage occupation) | 70% of going rate (for new entrants) |\n\n| 2113 Physical scientists | \u00a329,000 (\u00a313.94 per hour) | \u00a326,100 (\u00a312.55 per hour) | \u00a323,200 (\u00a311.15 per hour) | \u00a320,300 (\u00a39.76 per hour) |\n\n| 2119 Natural and social science professionals | \u00a329,000 (\u00a313.94 per hour) | \u00a326,100 (\u00a312.55 per hour) | \u00a323,200 (\u00a311.15 per hour) | \u00a320,300 (\u00a39.76 per hour) |\n\n| 2311 Higher education teaching professionals | \u00a333,000 (\u00a315.87 per hour) | \u00a329,700 (14.28 per hour) | \u00a326,400 (\u00a312.69 per hour) | \u00a323,100 (\u00a311.11 per hour) |\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed job or employer\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa instead.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck how much it costs for your type of visa.\n\nYou may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to extend your Skilled Worker visa\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Update your visa if you change job or employer\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your Skilled Worker or Tier 2 (General) work visa if:\n\n- you want to change your job and your new job is with a different employer\n\n- your job changes to a different occupation code, and you\u2019re not in a graduate training programme\n\n- you leave a job that\u2019s on the shortage occupation list for a job that is not on the list\n\nYou do not need to apply again if you stay in the same job, but your job is taken off the shortage occupation list.\n\nIf you\u2019ll be doing a different job for your current employer, you only need to apply to update your visa if your new job is in a different occupation code.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Eligibility and documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nYour new job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.\n\nYou\u2019ll only need to provide other evidence again if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to add a second job to your current visa\n\nYou must apply to update your visa if you take on a second job that is either:\n\n- more than 20 paid hours a week in addition to the job you\u2019re being sponsored for\n\n- in a different occupation code\n\nYour second job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.\n\nYour letter must state:\n\n- your name\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your current certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- the date when your current permission to stay runs out\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a new visa giving you permission to do both jobs.\n\nYou do not need to apply to update your visa if you\u2019re taking on additional work in the same occupation code or you\u2019ll be doing less than 20 paid hours a week.\n\n## When to apply to update your visa\n\nYou can apply to update your visa up to 3 months before the start date of your new job.\n\nYou can continue working in your current job while your new application is being considered, or to work out your notice period - as long as you apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou should not start your new job until you\u2019ve got confirmation of your new permission.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply. You\u2019ll also be told how to provide your supporting documents if you need to.\n\n## Apply to update your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Skilled Worker visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must meet the following requirements:\n\n- your job meets the eligibility requirements\n\n- you can speak, read, write and understand English\n\n## Who cannot apply to switch to this visa\n\nYou cannot apply to switch to this visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\nYou must leave the UK and apply for a Skilled Worker visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.\n\n## Fees\n\nEach person applying will need to pay:\n\n- the visa application fee\n\n- the healthcare surcharge for each year of their stay - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay\n\nYou may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.\n\nHow you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to switch to a Skilled Worker visa\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Taking on additional work\n\nYou can do additional paid work on this visa as long as you\u2019re still doing the job you\u2019re being sponsored for. You can also do unpaid voluntary work.\n\nYou can work up to 20 hours a week in a job that\u2019s either:\n\n- in the same occupation code and at the same level as your main job\n\n- in a shortage occupation\n\nCheck if your job is on the list of:\n\n- healthcare and education shortage occupations\n\n- all other shortage occupations\n\nDue to coronavirus (COVID-19), there\u2019s currently no limit on the number of hours you can work or volunteer if you have a second job as an NHS doctor, nurse or paramedic.\n\n## If you\u2019ll be working more than 20 hours a week or in a different occupation code\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa so that you\u2019re being sponsored to do both jobs.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- get a new certificate of sponsorship from your second employer\n\n- include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/skilled-worker-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a doctor from the US who will be getting a job in the UK. The job will be in accounting, and I will receive a salary of \u00a350,000 per year.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible for a Skilled Worker visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1912", + "question": "Scenario: I am a German citizen and I work for Microsoft. I have been offered the opportunity to relocate permanently to the UK but I am not sure what steps to take.\n\nQuestion: Do I need an intra company visa?\n\nDocument - Intra-company visas:\n## Overview\n\nAn Intra-company visa allows you to come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job at your employer\u2019s UK branch.\n\n## If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Types of Intra-company visa\n\nThere are 2 types of Intra-company visa.\n\n## Intra-company Transfer visa\n\nApply for this visa if you\u2019re being transferred by your employer to a role in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have worked for your employer overseas for more than 12 months, unless they\u2019re going to pay you \u00a373,900 a year or more to work in the UK.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Long-term Staff visa.\n\n## Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa\n\nThis visa is for transfers to the UK as part of a graduate training programme for a managerial or specialist role.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have worked for your employer overseas for at least 3 months immediately before the date you apply.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Graduate Trainee visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo qualify for an Intra-company visa, you must:\n\n- be an existing employee of an organisation that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office as a sponsor\n\n- have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK\n\n- do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations\n\n- be paid at least \u00a341,500 for an Intra-company Transfer visa or at least \u00a323,000 for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa\n\nThe specific eligibility requirements depend on your job.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nHow long you can stay in the UK with an Intra-company visa depends on which visa you\u2019re applying for and how long your employer is sponsoring you for.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Transfer visa\n\nYou can stay in the UK with an Intra-company Transfer visa for whichever is shorter of:\n\n- the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days\n\n- 5 years\n\n- the length of time that takes you to the maximum total stay allowed\n\nThe maximum total stay allowed for an Intra-company Transfer visa is:\n\n- 5 years in any 6 year period if you\u2019re paid less than \u00a373,900 a year\n\n- 9 years in any 10 year period if you\u2019re paid \u00a373,900 a year or more\n\nYou can extend your visa or apply for another one up to the maximum total stay. If you have already been in the UK with an Intra-company visa before your application, that time will be included in your total stay.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa\n\nYou can stay in the UK with an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa for whichever is shorter of:\n\n- the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days\n\n- 12 months\n\n- the length of time that takes you to the maximum total stay allowed\n\nYou cannot extend your visa, but you can apply for another Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa from outside the UK. You have to have been working for your sponsor outside the UK for at least 3 months immediately before the date you apply.\n\nThe maximum total stay allowed for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa is 5 years in any 6 year period. If you have already been in the UK with an Intra-company visa before your application, that time will be included in your total stay.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and extending your current visa\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nYou can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nYou, your partner or children will each need to:\n\n- pay the application fee\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay\n\n- prove you have enough personal savings\n\nCheck how much it costs.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you are due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:\n\n- 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\nIf you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith an Intra-company visa you can:\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- study\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\n- do a second job for up to 20 hours a week that\u2019s either in the same profession and at the same level as your main job or on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list\n\n- do voluntary work\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- change jobs unless you update your visa\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019)\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with an Intra-company visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible for an Intra-company visa you need to:\n\n- have a valid certificate of sponsorship from your employer\n\n- have worked for your employer outside the UK - how long you need to have worked for them depends on the visa you\u2019re applying for and your salary\n\n- do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations\n\n- be paid the minimum eligible salary required for your job\n\n## Getting a certificate of sponsorship\n\nYour employer - also known as your sponsor - will give you a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 with information about the role you have been offered in the UK. It\u2019s an electronic record, not a paper document.\n\nYou\u2019ll need the reference number from the certificate of sponsorship for your visa application. You must apply for your visa within 3 months of getting your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nIf your employer is not currently licensed to sponsor people to work in the UK, they can apply for a sponsor licence if they\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How long you need to have worked for your employer outside the UK\n\nYou must have worked for your employer outside of the UK. How long you need to have worked for them depends on what visa you\u2019re applying for and how much you\u2019re paid.\n\n| What visa you\u2019re applying for | How long you need to have worked for your employer outside the UK |\n\n| Intra-company Transfer (earning less than \u00a373,900 a year) | 12 months |\n\n| Intra-company Transfer (earning \u00a373,900 a year or more) | no minimum time |\n\n| Intra-company Graduate Trainee | 3 months |\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa, you must have worked for your employer overseas for the 3 months immediately before the date you apply.\n\n## Check if your job is eligible\n\nBefore you can find out if your job is eligible, you need to know its 4-digit occupation code. You can get this from your employer or your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nWhen you know your occupation code, check the table of eligible jobs to see if it\u2019s eligible for your visa type.\n\n## Salary requirements\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Transfer visa you must be paid at least \u00a341,500 or the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job - whichever is higher.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa you must be paid at least \u00a323,000 or 70% of the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job - whichever is higher.\n\nEach occupation code has its own annual going rate. Check the going rate for your job in the going rates table.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nWhen you apply for an Intra-company visa, you\u2019ll need to have enough money to:\n\n- pay the application fee - the standard fee ranges from \u00a3610 to \u00a31,408 depending on your circumstances\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge - this is usually \u00a3624 per year\n\n- support yourself when you arrive in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.\n\n## Application fee\n\nHow much you pay to apply for an Intra-company visa depends on the type of visa and where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n| What you\u2019re applying for | Apply from outside the UK | Extend or switch in the UK |\n\n| Intra-company Transfer (up to 3 years) | \u00a3610 per person | \u00a3704 per person |\n\n| Intra-company Transfer (more than 3 years) | \u00a31,220 per person | \u00a31,408 per person |\n\n| Intra-company Graduate Trainee | \u00a3482 per person | \u00a3482 per person |\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay - this is usually \u00a3624 per year. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself when you arrive in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28 day period must be within 31 days of the date you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for 12 months or more\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- your job title and annual salary\n\n- your job\u2019s occupation code\n\n- the name of your employer and their sponsor licence number - this will be on your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country\n\nAsk your employer for a copy of your certificate of sponsorship if you do not have one.\n\n## If your certificate of sponsorship was issued before 1 December 2020\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship will need to be updated because it was assigned to you before the Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Long-term Staff visa and Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) Graduate Trainee visa were replaced.\n\nAsk your employer to update the \u2018sponsor notes\u2019 section in the UK visa sponsorship management system.\n\n## Other documents you might need\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might be asked to provide:\n\n- evidence you\u2019ve worked for your employer outside the UK\n\n- details of your training programme if you\u2019re applying for an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa\n\n- a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher\n\nYou\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you need to give your biometric information (fingerprints and a photograph) at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll be told if you need to do this when you apply.\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\n## Evidence you\u2019ve worked for your employer outside the UK\n\nAfter you apply you might be asked to show you\u2019ve worked for your employer for a certain amount of time.\n\nThe length of time depends on what visa you\u2019re applying for:\n\n- Intra-company Transfer earning less than \u00a373,900 a year - 12 months\n\n- Intra-company Transfer earning \u00a373,900 a year or more - no minimum time\n\n- Intra-company Graduate Trainee - 3 months\n\nIf you\u2019re asked, you\u2019ll need to show you\u2019ve been paid by your employer over this time period. You can provide:\n\n- printed payslips\n\n- online payslips supported by a letter from your sponsor signed by a senior staff member\n\n- bank or building society statements\n\n- a building society pass book\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for an Intra-company visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the visa application centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply for an Intra-company visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 consecutive days. The end date of the 28 day period must be within 31 days of the date you or they apply for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must either:\n\n- apply online as a partner\n\n- apply online as a child\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document (they\u2019ll also create or sign into their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\nIf they do need an appointment:\n\n- the visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application\n\n- they may have to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nApply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children will not be able to apply to switch to this visa if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document (they\u2019ll also create or sign into their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Intra-company Transfer visa from inside the UK if all of the following are true:\n\n- you have the same job as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK\n\n- your job is in the same occupation code as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re still working for the employer who gave you your current certificate of sponsorship\n\n- you have not reached the maximum total stay\n\nYou cannot extend an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa from inside the UK.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## If your job changes\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa instead.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck how much it costs for your type of visa.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to extend your Intra-company Transfer visa\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Update your visa if your job changes\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your Intra-company visa if your job changes to a different occupation code. You must still have the same employer.\n\nYou do not need to apply again if you have an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa and your job changes as part of your graduate training programme. Your employer will notify UK Visas and Immigration.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Eligibility and documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nYour new job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou\u2019ll only need to provide other evidence again if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## When to apply to update your visa\n\nYou can apply to update your visa up to 3 months before the start date of your new job.\n\nYou can continue working in your current job while your new application is being considered - as long as you apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou should not start your new job until you\u2019ve got confirmation of your new permission.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to do this when you apply. You\u2019ll also be told how to provide your supporting documents if you need to.\n\n## Apply to update your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Switch to an Intra-company visa\n\nYou might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to an Intra-company Transfer visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa. You must meet the eligibility requirements\n\nYou cannot switch to an Intra-company Graduate Trainee visa from inside the UK.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Who cannot apply to switch\n\nYou cannot apply to switch to an Intra-company visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\nYou must leave the UK and apply for an Intra-company Transfer visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck how much it costs.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.\n\nHow you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document (you will also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account)\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to switch to an Intra-company Transfer visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter with the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/intracompany-transfer-worker-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a German citizen and I work for Microsoft. I have been offered the opportunity to relocate permanently to the UK but I am not sure what steps to take.", + "original_question": "Do I need an intra company visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1914", + "question": "Scenario: I am a minister from the US who has been offered a position in the UK. I am fluent in English. I have enough \u00a38,000 in savings to support myself during my time in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible for a Minister of Religion visa?\n\nDocument - Minister of Religion visa (T2):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Minister of Religion visa (T2) if:\n\n- you\u2019ve been offered a job within a faith community (for example as a minister of religion, missionary, or member of a religious order) in the UK\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Getting sponsored\n\nYou need to be employed by a licensed sponsor to apply to live in the UK.\n\nYour sponsor checks that you can do the job they\u2019re hiring you for and if it qualifies you for a visa. They\u2019ll give you a certificate of sponsorship to prove this.\n\nThey must also give you other information you need when you apply, for example how much you\u2019ll be paid.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nYou can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you\u2019re due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nHow much you pay for a Minister of Religion visa (T2) depends on where you are.\n\n| Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply outside the UK | Extend or switch in the UK |\n\n| You | \u00a3610 | \u00a3704 |\n\n| All dependants | \u00a3610 each person | \u00a3704 each person |\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can come to the UK with a Minister of Religion visa (T2) for a maximum of up to 3 years and 1 month, or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay.\n\nYou must apply before your visa expires.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job - in certain circumstances\n\n- do voluntary work\n\n- study as long as it does not interfere with the job you\u2019re sponsored for\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- own more than 10% of your sponsor\u2019s shares (unless you earn more than \u00a3159,600 a year)\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou need to:\n\n- have a certificate of sponsorship for your job\n\n- prove your knowledge of English\n\n- have personal savings so you can support yourself when you arrive in the UK\n\n- show you can travel and your travel history over the last 5 years\n\n- have tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country\n\nYou need to have an eligible qualification if you\u2019re switching from a Tier 4 visa.\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship holds your personal details and information about the job you\u2019ve been offered. It\u2019s an electronic record, not a paper document. Your sponsor will give you a certificate of sponsorship reference number to add to your application.\n\nYou can only use your certificate of sponsorship reference number once. You must use it within 3 months of getting it.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by either:\n\n- passing an approved English language test with at least CEFR level B2 in reading, writing, speaking and listening\n\n- having an academic qualification that was taught in English and is recognised by Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) as being equivalent to a UK bachelors degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\nYou may be able to meet the English language requirement in other ways. Check the full visa guidance for detailed information.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\nYou also may not have to prove your knowledge of English in other circumstances - check the full visa guidance.\n\n## Documents you'll need\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number (your employer will give you this)\n\n- proof of your knowledge of English\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality - you need a blank page in your passport for your visa\n\n- expired passports or travel documents if you need them to show your travel history\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\nSee the full list of documents you can provide.\n\nRead the guidance about the money you\u2019ll need and how to prove it.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Minister of Religion visa (T2).\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre.\n\nYou\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph taken at the visa application centre, so you can get a biometric residence permit.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK.\n\n## Apply for a Minister of Religion visa (T2)\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou may be able to apply to extend your stay in the UK under a Minister of Religion visa (T2).\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to meet the eligibility criteria and provide the right documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need a new certificate of sponsorship from your sponsor.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can extend a Minister of Religion visa (T2) for up to 3 years, or the time given in your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, or the time required to take your total stay in the UK to a maximum of 6 years, whichever time is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## Apply to extend your Minister of Religion visa (T2)\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision:\n\n- within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service\n\n- within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service\n\nIf you use the super priority service you\u2019ll get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your circumstances or application are more complicated, for example if:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) from another visa to a Minister of Religion visa (T2).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must meet the Minister of Religion visa (T2) eligibility requirements and must already be in the UK under any of the following visas:\n\n- Tier 1 visa\n\n- Tier 2 (Sportsperson) visa\n\n- Tier 2 (General) visa\n\n- Tier 2 (Intra-company Transfer) visa under the Immigration Rules in place before 6 April 2010 and you\u2019re applying to change sponsor\n\n- Tier 4 visa - if you have an eligible qualification\n\n- Start-up visa\n\n- Innovator visa\n\nYou can also switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019re:\n\n- a dependent partner of someone with a Tier 4 visa\n\n- a representative of an overseas business\n\nYou must leave the UK and make your Minister of Religion visa (T2) application from abroad if you\u2019re not in any of these categories.\n\n## Eligible qualifications for Tier 4 visa\n\nYou must have been sponsored by a licensed sponsor to get one of the following qualifications:\n\n- a UK bachelors degree\n\n- a UK masters degree\n\n- a postgraduate certificate in education\n\n- a professional graduate diploma of education\n\nIf you\u2019re a PhD student, you must have also have completed the last 12 months\u2019 study during your most recent stay in the UK. This can be through a licensed sponsor or another visa that allowed you to study.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay up to 3 years after switching to a Minister of Religion visa (T2).\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## Apply to switch to a Minister of Religion visa (T2)\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision:\n\n- within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service\n\n- within 5 working days of your UKVCAS appointment if you use the priority service\n\nIf you use the super priority service you\u2019ll get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAs appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK to extend\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend as a partner\n\n- extend as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Taking a second job\n\nYou can take a second job on this visa if you\u2019re working up to 20 hours a week in either:\n\n- the same profession as your main job\n\n- a profession on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list\n\nYou can also do unpaid voluntary work.\n\nOtherwise, you\u2019ll need to apply for a new visa. You\u2019ll need to be sponsored by your second employer and get a new certificate of sponsorship.\n\n## When to apply for a new visa\n\nYou cannot apply for a new visa until you\u2019ve started work with your first sponsor.\n\nYou cannot start work with your second sponsor until your visa application has been approved.\n\n## How to apply\n\nRead the guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nYou must be in the UK to apply.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide some documents with your application.\n\nYou must also provide a letter explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.\n\nYour letter must state:\n\n- your name\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your current certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- the date when your current permission to stay runs out", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/minister-of-religion-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a minister from the US who has been offered a position in the UK. I am fluent in English. I have enough \u00a38,000 in savings to support myself during my time in the UK.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible for a Minister of Religion visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1918", + "question": "Scenario: My partner, myself and my son have been in the UK for eighteen months whilst my partner works as a contractor here on a seasonal worker visa. I have recently had what I believe is an innovative business idea which we can fund for ourselves. We are very keen on this idea and think it could work very well.\n\nQuestion: We want to switch our visa status to that of start up visa but do not know if this is possible in our situation. Is it?\n\nDocument - Start-up visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Start-up visa if:\n\n- you want to set up an innovative business in the UK - it must be something that\u2019s different from anything else on the market\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\n## If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be endorsed by an authorised body that is either:\n\n- a UK higher education institution\n\n- a business organisation with a history of supporting UK entrepreneurs\n\nYou must be able to show that your business idea is:\n\n- a new idea - you cannot join in a business that is already trading\n\n- innovative - you must have an original business idea which is different from anything else on the market\n\n- viable - it has potential for growth\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible for a Start-up visa\n\nYou may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for 2 years if you either:\n\n- come to the UK on a Start-up visa\n\n- switch to this visa from another visa while in the UK\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou cannot apply to extend this visa.\n\nYou may be able to switch to an Innovator visa if you set up a business while on a Start-up visa and:\n\n- your endorsing body assessed and agreed it\n\n- it is active, trading and sustainable\n\n- you have day to day involvement in it\n\n## If your endorsement is withdrawn\n\nYour visa may be cut short if your endorsement is withdrawn by the endorsing body. If you want to stay longer, you must re-apply with a new endorsement before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can only stay for a total of 2 years even if you\u2019re granted a new visa with a new endorsement.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nYou can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:\n\n- 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\nIf you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nHow much you pay for a Start-up visa depends on your situation and where you apply from.\n\n| Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply (outside the UK) | Switch (in the UK) |\n\n| Yourself | \u00a3363 | \u00a3493 |\n\n| Your partner and children | \u00a3363 each person | \u00a3493 each person |\n\nYou must pay the visa fee for each person that applies at the same time as you or applies later to join you in the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to switch in the UK\n\nYou may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith a Start-up visa you can:\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\n- work in another job, as well as working for your business\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\nYou can also switch to this visa from some other visa categories.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- work as a professional sportsperson, for example a sports coach\n\n- settle in the UK on this visa\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Start-up visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nBefore you apply you need to have your business or business idea assessed by an endorsing body.\n\nThey will provide you with an endorsement letter if your business is viable.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be at least 18 years old\n\n- meet the English language requirement\n\n- be able to prove that you have enough personal savings to support yourself while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nRead the specific requirements for the Start-up visa before you apply.\n\n## Supporting yourself\n\nYou need to have had at least \u00a31270 in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply, or if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than a year and applying to switch to this visa.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.\n\n## Level of English\n\nYou must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to a level B2 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by:\n\n- passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider\n\n- having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18\n\n- having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply for confirmation through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\n## Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you need to provide an \u2018endorsement letter\u2019 to show that an endorsing body has assessed your business.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- bank statements showing you\u2019ve had at least \u00a31270 in savings in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply\n\n- proof that you meet the English language requirement\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Start-up visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply for a Start-up visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must each have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nIn addition to the \u00a31,270 you must have to support yourself, you - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have had the money in your bank account or your dependant\u2019s bank account for at least 28 days before you or they apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless you or they are applying from inside the UK and you\u2019ve been here for 1 year or more.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must either:\n\n- apply online as a partner\n\n- apply online as a child\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. This is to get a biometric residence permit, which they\u2019ll need to collect within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (switch)\n\nApply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children will not be able to apply to switch to a Start-up visa if they are currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and child must apply online to either:\n\n- switch to a Start-up visa as your partner\n\n- switch to a Start-up visa as your child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## Getting a faster decision\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Start-up visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply to switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements.\n\n## Who cannot apply to switch to this visa\n\nYou cannot switch to this visa if you have one of the following:\n\n- a visit visa\n\n- a short-term student visa\n\n- a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- a seasonal worker visa\n\n- a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- immigration bail\n\n- permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\nYou must leave the UK and make your application from abroad if you\u2019re here on a different type of visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years on a Start-up visa. Any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa counts as part of the 2 years.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nCheck the visa application fees.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.\n\n## Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply to switch to a Start-up visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/start-up-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner, myself and my son have been in the UK for eighteen months whilst my partner works as a contractor here on a seasonal worker visa. I have recently had what I believe is an innovative business idea which we can fund for ourselves. We are very keen on this idea and think it could work very well.", + "original_question": "We want to switch our visa status to that of start up visa but do not know if this is possible in our situation. Is it?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1919", + "question": "Scenario: I started a business 5 months ago and sell lots of products, I have sold over \u00a390,000 worth of products.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to store my VAT digitally?\n\nDocument - VAT record keeping:\n## Overview\n\nVAT-registered businesses must:\n\n- keep records of sales and purchases\n\n- keep a separate summary of VAT called a VAT account\n\n- issue correct VAT invoices\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nVAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019ve signed up for Making Tax Digital for VAT, the records you need to keep are the same as any VAT-registered business but you\u2019ll need to keep some of them digitally.\n\n## How to keep VAT records\n\nYou must keep VAT records for at least 6 years (or 10 years if you used the VAT MOSS service).\n\nYou can keep VAT records on paper, electronically or as part of a software program (such as book-keeping software). Records must be accurate, complete and readable.\n\nIf your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, you must keep a digital record of anything that\u2019s needed for your VAT Return.\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost a VAT invoice or it is damaged and no longer readable, ask the supplier for a duplicate (marked \u2018duplicate\u2019).\n\nHMRC can visit your business to inspect your record keeping and charge you a penalty if your records are not in order.\n\nYou can hire a professional (such as an accountant) if you need help with your VAT.\n\n## VAT invoices\n\nOnly VAT-registered businesses can issue VAT invoices and you must:\n\n- issue and keep valid invoices - these can be paper or electronic\n\n- keep copies of all the sales invoices you issue even if you cancel them or produce one by mistake\n\n- keep all purchase invoices for items you buy\n\n## Valid invoices\n\nYou\u2019ll use a full VAT invoice for most transactions. You can use:\n\n- a modified invoice for retail supplies over \u00a3250\n\n- a simplified invoice for retail supplies under \u00a3250 - and for other supplies from 1 January 2013\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT using an invalid invoice, pro-forma invoice, statement or delivery note.\n\nInclude the following on your invoice, depending on which type you use.\n\n| Invoice information | Full invoice | Simplified invoice | Modified invoice |\n\n| Unique invoice number that follows on from the last invoice | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Your business name and address | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Your VAT number | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Date | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| The tax point (or \u2018time of supply\u2019) if this is different from the invoice date | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Customer\u2019s name or trading name, and address | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Description of the goods or services | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Total amount excluding VAT | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Total amount of VAT | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Price per item, excluding VAT | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Quantity of each type of item | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Rate of any discount per item | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Rate of VAT charged per item - if an item is exempt or zero-rated make clear no VAT on these items | Yes | Yes (1) | Yes |\n\n| Total amount including VAT | No | Yes (1) | Yes |\n\n(1) If items are charged at different VAT rates, then show this for each.\n\n## Accounting schemes\n\nIf you use the Cash Accounting Scheme you have to stamp an invoice with the amount of cash paid and the date.\n\nThere are different rules for record keeping and invoicing if you use a VAT Margin Scheme.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nUsually VAT invoices must be issued within 30 days of the date of supply or the date of payment (if you\u2019re paid in advance).\n\n## International trade\n\nYou do not have to show all amounts on your invoices in sterling. If you issue VAT invoices in a foreign currency or language, you must:\n\n- show the total VAT payable in sterling on your VAT invoice if the supply takes place in the UK\n\n- be able to provide an English translation of any invoice within 30 days if asked to do so by a visiting VAT officer\n\n## Converting to sterling\n\nTo convert to sterling you can:\n\n- use the market selling rate at the time of supply\n\n- use the European Central Bank\u2019s rate\n\n- use HMRC\u2019s period rates of exchange - the rates usually stay the same for each calendar month\n\n- apply to HMRC to use a different method to account for the VAT\n\nThere are different rules if you use the Tour Operator\u2019s Scheme.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou do not need to issue a VAT invoice if:\n\n- your invoice is only for exempt or zero-rated sales within the UK\n\n- you\u2019re giving goods as a gift\n\n- you sell goods under a VAT second-hand margin scheme\n\n- your customer operates a self-billing arrangement\n\n## VAT records\n\nRecords you must keep include:\n\n- copies of all invoices you issue\n\n- all invoices you receive (originals or electronic copies)\n\n- self-billing agreements - this is where the customer prepares the invoice\n\n- name, address and VAT number of any self-billing suppliers\n\n- debit or credit notes\n\n- import and export records\n\n- records of items you cannot reclaim VAT on - for example business entertainment\n\n- records of any goods you give away or take from stock for your private use\n\n- records of all the zero-rated, reduced or VAT exempt items you buy or sell\n\n- a VAT account\n\nYou must also keep general business records such as bank statements, cash books, cheque stubs, paying-in slips and till rolls.\n\nIf you use the Cash Accounting Scheme you must use these records to match them against your payment records and receipts.\n\nIf you supply digital services in the EU and use VAT MOSS, you must keep additional records.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\n## Keeping digital records\n\nVAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.\n\n## Retailers\n\nIf you\u2019re a retailer you do not have to issue VAT invoices unless a customer asks for one. Keep a copy if you do. Retailers can issue \u2018simplified invoices\u2019 for supplies under \u00a3250.\n\n## Debit and credit notes\n\nWhen you return goods to a supplier or a customer returns goods to you, the balance of payment can be settled with a credit or debit note.\n\nRecord these in your accounts and keep any original notes.\n\n## VAT records for Making Tax Digital\n\nVAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 by keeping some records digitally, unless:\n\n- your business uses the VAT GIANT service, for example if you\u2019re a government department or an NHS Trust\n\n- you apply for an exemption\n\nYou can choose to sign up to Making Tax Digital for VAT if your business earns less than \u00a385,000.\n\nFrom 1 April 2022 all VAT registered businesses must sign up, whatever they earn.\n\n## Records you must keep digitally\n\nYou need to keep the following records digitally:\n\n- your business name, address and VAT registration number\n\n- any VAT accounting schemes you use\n\n- the VAT on goods and services you supply, for example everything you sell, lease, transfer or hire out (supplies made)\n\n- the VAT on goods and services you receive, for example everything you buy, lease, rent or hire (supplies received)\n\n- any adjustments you make to a return\n\n- the \u2018time of supply\u2019 and \u2018value of supply\u2019 (value excluding VAT) for everything you buy and sell\n\n- the rate of VAT charged on goods and services you supply\n\n- reverse charge transactions - where you record the VAT on both the sale price and the purchase price of goods and services you buy\n\n- your total daily gross takings if you use a retail scheme\n\n- items you can reclaim VAT on if you use the Flat Rate Scheme\n\n- your total sales, and the VAT on those sales, if you trade in gold and use the Gold Accounting Scheme\n\nYou also need to keep digital copies of documents that cover multiple transactions made on behalf of your business by:\n\n- volunteers for charity fundraising\n\n- a third party business\n\n- employees for expenses in petty cash\n\nYou must add all your transactions to your digital records, but you do not need to scan paper records like invoices or receipts.\n\n## How to keep digital records\n\nYou need to use a compatible software package or other software (like spreadsheets) that connect to HMRC systems.\n\nIf you use more than one software package to keep records and submit returns, you need to link them.\n\nSome ways you can link your software include:\n\n- using formulas to link cells in spreadsheets\n\n- emailing records\n\n- putting records on a portable device to give to your agent\n\n- importing and exporting XML and CSV files\n\n- downloading and uploading files\n\nYou must have links between the software you use by your first VAT period after 1 April 2021.\n\n## When to send your VAT return\n\nThe deadlines for sending your VAT returns will not change after you sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT.\n\nTo see when your next return is due, sign in to your VAT online account.\n\n## How to sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT\n\nHow you sign up depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- a business\n\n- an agent acting for a client\n\n## Sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT\n\nYou must sign up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 if your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, so you can:\n\n- keep digital records\n\n- submit your business\u2019s VAT return using compatible software\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to sign up if you\u2019re an agent.\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou must have compatible software before you sign up.\n\n## What you need\n\nTo sign up you need:\n\n- your business email address\n\n- a Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you use the service\n\n- your VAT registration number and latest VAT return\n\nYou\u2019ll also need:\n\n- your National Insurance number if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- your company registration number and Unique Taxpayer Reference if you\u2019re a limited company or registered society\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference and the postcode where you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment if you\u2019re a general partnership\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference, the postcode where you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment and your company\u2019s registration number if you\u2019re a limited partnership\n\n## When to sign up\n\nIf you already pay by Direct Debit do not sign up too close to the date your return is due, or you may pay twice.\n\nTo avoid this, do not sign up less than:\n\n- 7 days before your return is due\n\n- 5 days after your return is due\n\nIf you do not pay by Direct Debit, sign up at least 3 days before your return is due.\n\nIf you\u2019re finding it difficult to access the service, check if there\u2019s a technical issue or other known problem.\n\nSign up now\n\n## After you\u2019ve signed up\n\nYou should get a confirmation email from noreply@tax.service.gov.uk within 3 days of signing up. It might go to your spam folder.\n\nDo not submit a VAT Return until you get a confirmation email.\n\nContact HMRC if you do not get an email.\n\n## VAT account\n\nYou must keep a separate record of the VAT you charge and the VAT you pay on your purchases. This record is called a \u2018VAT account\u2019.\n\nYou use the figures in your VAT account to complete your VAT Return.\n\nThere are no rules on what a VAT account should look like, but it must show:\n\n- your total VAT sales\n\n- your total VAT purchases\n\n- the VAT you owe HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- the VAT you can reclaim from HMRC\n\n- if your business uses the VAT Flat Rate Scheme - the flat rate percentage and turnover it applies to\n\nIf you are registered for VAT in Northern Ireland, you must also show the VAT on any EU purchases or sales.\n\n## Errors\n\nIf you\u2019ve made an error in your VAT Return the VAT account must show:\n\n- the date you discovered the error\n\n- details about the error - for example how it happened, how you corrected it\n\nYou may also need to report the error to HMRC.\n\n## Bad debts\n\nIf you write off an invoice as a bad debt, you must keep a separate \u2018VAT bad debt account\u2019. The debt must be older than 6 months and for each bad debt you must show:\n\n- total amount of VAT involved\n\n- amount written off and any payments you\u2019ve received\n\n- the VAT you\u2019re claiming on the debt\n\n- the VAT period(s) you paid the VAT and are claiming the relief\n\n- invoices details like date, customer name\n\nYou must keep this information for 4 years.\n\n## Time of supply or tax point\n\nThe tax point (or \u2018time of supply\u2019) for a transaction is the date the transaction takes place for VAT purposes.\n\nYou need to know this because, for example:\n\n- it\u2019s included on VAT invoices\n\n- it tells you which VAT period the transaction belongs to\n\n- it tells you which VAT Return to put the transaction on\n\nThe tax point can vary, but is usually the following.\n\n| Situation | Tax point |\n\n| No invoice needed | Date of supply |\n\n| VAT invoice issued | Date of invoice |\n\n| VAT invoice issued 15 days or more after the date of supply | Date the supply took place |\n\n| Payment or invoice issued in advance of supply | Date of payment or invoice (whichever is earlier) |\n\n| Payment in advance of supply and no VAT invoice yet issued | Date payment received |\n\nThe date of supply is:\n\n- for goods - the date they\u2019re sent, collected or made available (for example installed in the customer\u2019s house)\n\n- for services - the date the work is finished\n\n## Exceptions\n\nIf you use the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme, the tax point is always the date the payment is received.\n\nThere are different tax point rules for:\n\n- certain trades - like barristers, building and construction\n\n- where the supply is not a \u2018sale\u2019 \u2013 for example business items taken for personal use\n\nSometimes, one sale can give rise to 2 or more tax points - for example where the customer pays a deposit in advance, and then a final payment.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-record-keeping", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I started a business 5 months ago and sell lots of products, I have sold over \u00a390,000 worth of products.", + "original_question": "Do I have to store my VAT digitally?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1921", + "question": "Scenario: I am a Greek citizen and am working in a skilled occupation. I have been offered work in a similar occupation in the UK, which would be starting in three months from now.\n\nQuestion: would I be eligible to get a skilled worker's visa?\n\nDocument - Skilled Worker visa:\n## Overview\n\nA Skilled Worker visa allows you to come to or stay in the UK to do an eligible job with an approved employer.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 2 (General) work visa.\n\nSome\u00a0health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## Your job\n\nTo qualify for a Skilled Worker visa, you must:\n\n- work for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office\n\n- have a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 from your employer with information about the role you\u2019ve been offered in the UK\n\n- do a job that\u2019s on the list of eligible occupations\n\n- be paid a minimum salary - how much depends on the type of work you do\n\nThe specific eligibility depends on your job.\n\nYou must have a confirmed job offer before you apply for your visa.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou must be able to speak, read, write and understand English. You\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of English when you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible for a Skilled Worker visa\n\nYou may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYour visa can last for up to 5 years before you need to extend it. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or update your visa when it expires or if you change jobs or employer.\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nAfter 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and extending your current visa\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nIf you want to change your job or employer, you must apply to update your visa.\n\nYou can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou can apply for a visa up to 3 months before the day you are due to start work in the UK. This date is listed on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:\n\n- 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\nIf you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nYou, your partner or children will each need to:\n\n- pay the application fee\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay\n\n- prove you have enough personal savings\n\nCheck how much money you\u2019ll need.\n\n## If you work in public sector healthcare\n\nIf you\u2019re a doctor or nurse, or you work in health or adult social care, check if you\u2019re eligible to apply for the Health and Care Worker visa instead. It\u2019s cheaper to apply for and you do not need to pay the annual immigration health surcharge.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith a Skilled Worker visa you can:\n\n- work in an eligible job\n\n- study\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\n- take on additional work in certain circumstances\n\n- do voluntary work\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- change jobs or employer unless you apply to update your visa\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Skilled Worker visa.\n\n## Your job\n\nYou must meet all of the following requirements to be eligible for a Skilled Worker visa:\n\n- your job is eligible for this visa\n\n- you\u2019ll be working for a UK employer that\u2019s been approved by the Home Office\n\n- you\u2019ll be paid at least the minimum salary for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing\n\nThe minimum salary for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing is whichever is the highest out of the following 3 options:\n\n- \u00a325,600 per year\n\n- \u00a310.10 per hour\n\n- the \u2018going rate\u2019 for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing\n\n## Check if your job is eligible\n\nBefore you can find out if your job is eligible, you need to know its 4-digit occupation code.\n\nIf you already have a job offer, ask your employer for your occupation code.\n\n## Look up your job\u2019s occupation code\n\nIf you do not know your code, you can search for your job in the ONS occupation coding tool.\n\nNot every job title is included. If you cannot find your exact job title, try searching for similar jobs.\n\nMake sure the job description matches what you\u2019ll be doing. Some similar jobs have different codes, for example chefs and cooks. Chefs are eligible for a Skilled Worker visa, but cooks are not.\n\n## Check if an occupation code is eligible for this visa\n\nWhen you know your occupation code, view the table of eligible jobs to see if it\u2019s included.\n\nThe table is very large. It\u2019s sorted in order of occupation code, with the smallest numbers at the top. You may be able to use your web browser to search for your code on the page.\n\n## Salary requirements\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least \u00a325,600 per year or \u00a310.10 per hour, whichever is higher. If the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than both of these, you\u2019ll usually need to be paid at least the going rate.\n\nEach occupation code has its own annual going rate. Check the going rate for your job in the going rates table.\n\n## If you work in healthcare or education\n\nThere are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs, where the going rate is based on national pay scales.\n\n## When you can be paid less\n\nIf you do not meet the usual salary requirements, and you do not work in healthcare or education, you might still be eligible if your salary will be at least \u00a320,480 per year and at least \u00a310.10 per hour.\n\nCheck when you can be paid less.\n\n## Approved UK employers\n\nYou must have a job offer from an approved UK employer before you apply for a Skilled Worker visa. Approved employers are also known as sponsors, because they are sponsoring you to come to or stay in the UK.\n\nView the list of approved UK employers.\n\nIf your employer is not currently approved, they can apply for a sponsor licence if they\u2019re eligible.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to pay a fee - \u00a3536 for small businesses and charities or \u00a31,476 for medium and large organisations. It usually takes around 8 weeks to process a licence application.\n\n## If you already have a job offer from an approved employer\n\nYour employer - also known as your sponsor - will check that you meet the eligibility requirements. They\u2019ll give you a \u2018certificate of sponsorship\u2019 to prove this.\n\nThe certificate of sponsorship is an electronic record, not a physical document. It will have a reference number, which you\u2019ll need for your visa application.\n\nYou must apply for your visa within 3 months of getting your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## When you can be paid less\n\nYou might still be able to apply for a Skilled Worker visa if your job is eligible but your salary is less than \u00a325,600 or your job\u2019s usual \u2018going rate\u2019. You must still be paid at least \u00a310.10 per hour.\n\nYou can be paid between 70% and 90% of the usual going rate for your job if your salary is at least \u00a320,480 per year and you meet one of the following criteria:\n\n- your job is in a shortage occupation\n\n- you\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training\n\n- you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job (if you have a relevant PhD level qualification in any other subject your salary must be at least \u00a323,040)\n\n- you have a postdoctoral position in science or higher education\n\nThere are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs.\n\n## Your job is in a shortage occupation\n\nA \u2018shortage occupation\u2019 is a skilled job where there is a shortage of workers in the UK.\n\nIf your job is on the shortage occupation list, you can:\n\n- be paid 80% of the job\u2019s usual going rate\n\n- pay a lower fee for your visa\n\nView the shortage occupations list to see if your job is included and how much you\u2019ll need to be paid.\n\nMake sure you check there\u2019s a shortage in the part of the UK you\u2019ll be working in - England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## You\u2019re under 26, studying or a recent graduate, or in professional training\n\nYou can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re under 26 on the date you apply\n\n- you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Student visa studying at bachelor\u2019s degree level or above - or you have been in the last 2 years, and a Student or visit visa was your most recent visa\n\n- you\u2019re currently in the UK on a Graduate Entrepreneur visa\n\n- you\u2019ll be working towards a recognised qualification in a UK regulated profession\n\n- you\u2019ll be working towards full registration or chartered status in the job you\u2019re being sponsored for\n\nIf this applies to you, check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.\n\nYour total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply for one of these reasons. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.\n\n## You have a PhD level qualification that\u2019s relevant to your job\n\nIf your job is eligible for a PhD salary discount, you can be paid 80% or 90% of the job\u2019s usual going rate, depending on which subject you are qualified in.\n\nIf you have a science, technology, engineering or maths (STEM) qualification, you can be paid 80% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still be paid at least \u00a320,480 per year.\n\nIf you have a non-STEM qualification, you can be paid 90% of your job\u2019s usual going rate, as long as you will still be paid at least \u00a323,040 a year.\n\nIn both situations, you must:\n\n- have a UK PhD or an equivalent doctorate-level overseas qualification - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to check if an overseas qualification is equivalent to a UK PhD\n\n- be able to prove your qualification is relevant to the job you\u2019ll be doing in the UK - your employer can confirm this\n\nView the list of jobs that qualify for a PhD salary discount to see if your job is included and how much you need to be paid.\n\nIf you\u2019re a research or academic leader, you may also be eligible to apply for the Global Talent visa. This visa has no language or minimum salary requirements.\n\n## You have a postdoctoral position in science or higher education\n\nYou can be paid 70% of your job\u2019s usual going rate if you\u2019ll be working in a postdoctoral position in certain science or higher education roles.\n\nYour job must be in one of the following occupation codes to qualify for this salary discount:\n\n- 2111: chemical scientists\n\n- 2112: biological scientists and biochemists\n\n- 2113: physical scientists\n\n- 2114: social and humanities scientists\n\n- 2119: natural and social science professionals that are \u2018not elsewhere classified\u2019, such as research fellows and sports scientists\n\n- 2311: higher education teaching professionals\n\nIf this applies to you, check how much you\u2019ll need to be paid to qualify for this visa.\n\nYour total stay in the UK cannot be more than 4 years if you apply to work in a postdoctoral position at 70% of the usual going rate. This includes any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 2 (General) work visa.\n\n## If you work in healthcare or education\n\nThere are different salary rules if you work in some healthcare or education jobs. Your salary must be at least \u00a320,480 - or more if your job\u2019s \u2018going rate\u2019 is higher.\n\nThe going rates for these jobs are based on the national pay scales set by the relevant independent body, for example the NHS.\n\nView the list of eligible healthcare and education jobs to see if your job is included.\n\n## National pay scales tables\n\nIf your job is on the list, your salary must be at least the national pay scale rate for the job you\u2019ll be doing.\n\nThese going rates apply whether you\u2019ll be working in the public or private sector.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll need to be paid in the:\n\n- table of national pay scales for eligible healthcare jobs - listed by NHS pay band and area of the UK\n\n- table of national pay scales for eligible teaching and education leadership jobs - listed by role and area of the UK\n\nAsk your employer if you\u2019re not sure what your role or pay band will be.\n\n## If your job is on the shortage occupation list\n\nYou and your family will pay a lower application fee if your job is in a shortage occupation.\n\nView the list of healthcare and education shortage occupations to see if your job is included.\n\nMake sure you check there\u2019s a shortage in the part of the UK you\u2019ll be working in - England, Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nIf your job is on the list, the reduced fee for each person applying is:\n\n- \u00a3464 if you\u2019re staying for up to 3 years\n\n- \u00a3928 if you\u2019re staying for more than 3 years\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay the healthcare surcharge and prove you can support yourself in the UK - check how much money you\u2019ll need.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.\n\n## Level of English\n\nYou must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to at least level B1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by:\n\n- passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider\n\n- having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English, gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18\n\n- having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) for confirmation that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\n## Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## If you\u2019re a doctor, dentist, nurse, midwife or vet\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019ve already passed an English Language assessment that is accepted by the relevant regulated professional body.\n\nIf you\u2019re a vet, you may need to prove that you passed an English Language assessment with the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nWhen you apply for a Skilled Worker visa, you\u2019ll need to have enough money to:\n\n- pay the application fee - the standard fee ranges from \u00a3610 to \u00a31,408 depending on your circumstances\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge - this is usually \u00a3624 per year\n\n- support yourself when you arrive in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\nYou\u2019ll pay a lower application fee if your job is on the shortage occupation list.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.\n\n## Application fees\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from outside the UK, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:\n\n- up to 3 years - \u00a3610 per person\n\n- more than 3 years - \u00a31,220 per person\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from inside the UK to extend, switch or update your visa, the standard fee depends on whether you\u2019ll be in the UK for:\n\n- up to 3 years - \u00a3704 per person\n\n- more than 3 years - \u00a31,408 per person\n\n## If your job is on the shortage occupation list\n\nYou and your family will pay a lower application fee if your job is on the shortage occupation list.\n\nThe fee for each person applying is:\n\n- \u00a3464 if you\u2019re staying for up to 3 years\n\n- \u00a3928 if you\u2019re staying for more than 3 years\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\nThere\u2019s a different list of shortage occupations if you work in healthcare or education.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nIf your job is on the shortage occupation list, you\u2019ll get this reduction as well as paying a lower fee.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay - this is usually \u00a3624 per year. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- proof of your knowledge of English\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- your job title and annual salary\n\n- your job\u2019s occupation code\n\n- the name of your employer and their sponsor licence number - this will be on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nAsk your employer for a copy of your certificate of sponsorship if you do not have one.\n\n## If your certificate of sponsorship was issued before 1 December 2020\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship will need to be updated because it was assigned to you before the Tier 2 (General) work visa was replaced by the Skilled Worker visa.\n\nAsk your employer to update the \u2018sponsor notes\u2019 section in the UK visa sponsorship management system.\n\n## Other documents you might need\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might be asked to provide:\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a listed country\n\n- a criminal record certificate - if you\u2019re working in certain jobs\n\n- a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher\n\n- your UK PhD certificate, or your unique Ecctis reference number (formerly unique UK NARIC reference number) if your qualification is from outside the UK - you\u2019ll need to apply through Ecctis\n\nYou\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\n## Criminal record certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a criminal record certificate if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK and you work in:\n\n- education, for example teachers, education advisers and school inspectors, childminders, teaching assistants\n\n- healthcare, for example nurses, doctors, paramedics, managers, pharmacists, dentists and dental nurses, ophthalmic opticians\n\n- therapy, for example psychologists, speech and language therapists, counsellors\n\n- social services, for example social workers, managers, probation officers, welfare and housing officers\n\nCheck how to apply for criminal records checks.\n\nIf you work in healthcare, you might be able to apply for the Health and Care Worker visa instead.\n\n## If you\u2019ve lived in more than one country\n\nYou might need to provide a certificate from each country you\u2019ve lived in, depending on your age and how long you stayed in each country.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 28, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in for a total of 12 months or more since you turned 18.\n\nIf you\u2019re 28 or over, you\u2019ll need a certificate from any country you\u2019ve stayed in over the last 10 years.\n\n## When you\u2019ve got your documents ready\n\nYou can apply online once your documents are ready.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and extending your current visa\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nIf you\u2019ve read the guidance and you\u2019re not sure if you\u2019re eligible, you can use a Home Office checker tool. You\u2019ll be asked to confirm that you meet all of the eligibility requirements.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Skilled Worker visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply for a Skilled Worker visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must either:\n\n- apply online as your partner\n\n- apply online as your child\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity.\n\nThey\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nvisa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\nIf they do need an appointment:\n\n- the visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application\n\n- they may have to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster or use other services depending on which country they\u2019re in - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nApply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you apply to extend or switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your partner\n\n- extend or switch to your Skilled Worker visa as your child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou must apply for your child\u2019s dependant visa if you want to travel in and out of the UK with them.\n\nThe form you fill in depends on if:\n\n- your child is inside the UK\n\n- your child is outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can usually apply to extend a Skilled Worker visa or a Tier 2 (General) work visa if all of the following are true:\n\n- you have the same job as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK\n\n- your job is in the same occupation code as when you were given your previous permission to enter or stay in the UK\n\n- you\u2019re still working for the employer who gave you your current certificate of sponsorship\n\nSome\u00a0health workers and their families will get their visas extended for free because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## If you have a Tier 2 (General) work visa\n\nYou may need to meet different eligibility requirements, depending on:\n\n- whether you got the certificate of sponsorship for your first Tier 2 visa before or after 24 November 2016\n\n- whether you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Skilled Worker visa before 6 April 2021\n\n- your occupation code - some have different going rates\n\nThe requirements will apply if you either:\n\n- have a Tier 2 (General) work visa\n\n- had a Tier 2 (General) work visa which you\u2019ve extended as a Skilled Worker visa\n\n## If you got your certificate of sponsorship before 24 November 2016\n\nIf you apply to extend before 24 May 2023, the minimum salary you\u2019ll need to be paid is fixed at a lower rate. You\u2019ll need to be paid at least \u00a320,800 per year unless the \u2018going rate\u2019 for your job is higher than this.\n\n## If you got your certificate of sponsorship on or after 24 November 2016\n\nIf you apply to extend before 1 December 2026, you will still need to meet the new salary requirements, but your salary may also include allowances, such as London weighting. Any allowances must be guaranteed for the length of your stay.\n\n## If you applied for your first Tier 2 (General) or Skilled Worker visa before 6 April 2021\n\nThe minimum salary requirement of \u00a310.10 per hour or the going rate for the type of work you\u2019ll be doing does not apply.\n\n## Jobs with different going rates\n\nFor some jobs, the going rate for the Skilled Worker visa is different.\n\n| Occupation code | Going rate for Skilled Worker visa | 90% of going rate (for relevant STEM PhD) | 80% of going rate (for relevant non-STEM PhD or shortage occupation) | 70% of going rate (for new entrants) |\n\n| 2113 Physical scientists | \u00a329,000 (\u00a313.94 per hour) | \u00a326,100 (\u00a312.55 per hour) | \u00a323,200 (\u00a311.15 per hour) | \u00a320,300 (\u00a39.76 per hour) |\n\n| 2119 Natural and social science professionals | \u00a329,000 (\u00a313.94 per hour) | \u00a326,100 (\u00a312.55 per hour) | \u00a323,200 (\u00a311.15 per hour) | \u00a320,300 (\u00a39.76 per hour) |\n\n| 2311 Higher education teaching professionals | \u00a333,000 (\u00a315.87 per hour) | \u00a329,700 (14.28 per hour) | \u00a326,400 (\u00a312.69 per hour) | \u00a323,100 (\u00a311.11 per hour) |\n\n## If you\u2019ve changed job or employer\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa instead.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck how much it costs for your type of visa.\n\nYou may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to extend your Skilled Worker visa\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Update your visa if you change job or employer\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your Skilled Worker or Tier 2 (General) work visa if:\n\n- you want to change your job and your new job is with a different employer\n\n- your job changes to a different occupation code, and you\u2019re not in a graduate training programme\n\n- you leave a job that\u2019s on the shortage occupation list for a job that is not on the list\n\nYou do not need to apply again if you stay in the same job, but your job is taken off the shortage occupation list.\n\nIf you\u2019ll be doing a different job for your current employer, you only need to apply to update your visa if your new job is in a different occupation code.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Eligibility and documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nYour new job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.\n\nYou\u2019ll only need to provide other evidence again if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to add a second job to your current visa\n\nYou must apply to update your visa if you take on a second job that is either:\n\n- more than 20 paid hours a week in addition to the job you\u2019re being sponsored for\n\n- in a different occupation code\n\nYour second job must meet the eligibility requirements and you\u2019ll need a new certificate of sponsorship to prove this.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay.\n\nYour letter must state:\n\n- your name\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your current certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- the date when your current permission to stay runs out\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a new visa giving you permission to do both jobs.\n\nYou do not need to apply to update your visa if you\u2019re taking on additional work in the same occupation code or you\u2019ll be doing less than 20 paid hours a week.\n\n## When to apply to update your visa\n\nYou can apply to update your visa up to 3 months before the start date of your new job.\n\nYou can continue working in your current job while your new application is being considered, or to work out your notice period - as long as you apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou should not start your new job until you\u2019ve got confirmation of your new permission.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply. You\u2019ll also be told how to provide your supporting documents if you need to.\n\n## Apply to update your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Skilled Worker visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must meet the following requirements:\n\n- your job meets the eligibility requirements\n\n- you can speak, read, write and understand English\n\n## Who cannot apply to switch to this visa\n\nYou cannot apply to switch to this visa if you\u2019re currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because you were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\nYou must leave the UK and apply for a Skilled Worker visa from abroad if you\u2019re in one of these categories.\n\n## Fees\n\nEach person applying will need to pay:\n\n- the visa application fee\n\n- the healthcare surcharge for each year of their stay - check how much you\u2019ll have to pay\n\nYou may also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity.\n\nHow you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a \nUK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to switch to a Skilled Worker visa\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Taking on additional work\n\nYou can do additional paid work on this visa as long as you\u2019re still doing the job you\u2019re being sponsored for. You can also do unpaid voluntary work.\n\nYou can work up to 20 hours a week in a job that\u2019s either:\n\n- in the same occupation code and at the same level as your main job\n\n- in a shortage occupation\n\nCheck if your job is on the list of:\n\n- healthcare and education shortage occupations\n\n- all other shortage occupations\n\nDue to coronavirus (COVID-19), there\u2019s currently no limit on the number of hours you can work or volunteer if you have a second job as an NHS doctor, nurse or paramedic.\n\n## If you\u2019ll be working more than 20 hours a week or in a different occupation code\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply to update your visa so that you\u2019re being sponsored to do both jobs.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- get a new certificate of sponsorship from your second employer\n\n- include a letter with your application explaining that you want to change your current permission to stay", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/skilled-worker-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a Greek citizen and am working in a skilled occupation. I have been offered work in a similar occupation in the UK, which would be starting in three months from now.", + "original_question": "would I be eligible to get a skilled worker's visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1924", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Lucy is a nurse by profession, she lives and works in Jamaica. She has been selected to come to the UK and work for a period of 5 months in a UK hospital under the authorized Jamaica Nursing Exchange. She is considering staying at the hospital after the completion of this exchange program.\n\nQuestion: Is she allowed to do so?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5) if you:\n\n- want to come to the UK for a short time for work experience or to do training, an Overseas Government Language Programme, research or a fellowship through an approved government authorised exchange scheme\n\n- have a sponsor\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed sponsor before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nYour work, training or research in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\nYour sponsor can be any of the following:\n\n- an organisation running an approved exchange scheme\n\n- a higher education institution (if you are a sponsored researcher, visiting academic or examiner)\n\n- a government department or agency\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 12 or 24 months (depending on the scheme you\u2019re applying for) or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week as well as your main job\n\n- apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Global Talent visa if you\u2019re in the government authorised exchange scheme for sponsored researchers\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- take a permanent job\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have both of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.\n\nThey must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example your working hours.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to add your certificate of sponsorship reference number to your application form - you can only use it once.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou must also provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou might be able to extend your stay. You must still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nYou must apply while you\u2019re still in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to stay in the UK for up to a maximum of:\n\n- 12 months, if you\u2019re doing work experience\n\n- 24 months, if you\u2019re doing research, training or an Overseas Government Language Programme\n\nYou can also stay for the length of time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Changing your sponsor\n\nYou must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re a:\n\n- student, whether studying, resitting an examination or writing a thesis\n\n- student union sabbatical officer\n\n- student nurse\n\n- postgraduate doctor or dentist\n\n- student visa holder (including Tier 4)\n\n- sponsored researcher who came to the UK on a work permit and you want to continue in the same job with your sponsor\n\nYou must have completed a UK bachelor\u2019s or master\u2019s degree during your last grant of leave.\n\nYou must also meet the other eligibility requirements.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to switch your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government-authorised-exchange", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Lucy is a nurse by profession, she lives and works in Jamaica. She has been selected to come to the UK and work for a period of 5 months in a UK hospital under the authorized Jamaica Nursing Exchange. She is considering staying at the hospital after the completion of this exchange program.", + "original_question": "Is she allowed to do so?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1929", + "question": "Scenario: I am a Bangladeshi national who is currently applying for indefinite leave to remain in the UK as part of a family reunion scheme. I have no dependants and will be living with my brother in Slough initially.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible to use the NHS without paying the IHS?\n\nDocument - Pay for UK healthcare as part of your immigration application:\n## Overview\n\nYou might need to pay a healthcare surcharge (called the \u2018immigration health surcharge\u2019 or IHS) as part of your immigration application.\n\nWhether you need to pay depends on the immigration status you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nIf you\u2019re making your immigration application online, you pay the surcharge as part of your application or when you book an appointment.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying by post, you pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include the IHS reference number on your application form.\n\n## When you can start to use the NHS\n\nYou can start using the National Health Service (NHS) when both:\n\n- you\u2019ve paid the healthcare surcharge (or are exempt from paying it)\n\n- your visa or immigration application is granted\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to pay for certain types of services, such as prescriptions, dental treatment, eye tests and assisted conception.\n\nWhen you access healthcare in the UK, you may need to:\n\n- provide your biometric residence permit, if you have one\n\n- prove your status online using a share code, if you have a digital immigration status\n\n## Who needs to pay\n\nYou usually need to pay the healthcare surcharge if you\u2019re applying for a visa or immigration application:\n\n- for more than 6 months, if you\u2019re applying outside the UK\n\n- for any length of time, if you\u2019re applying inside the UK\n\nYou do not need to pay if you\u2019re applying for a visitor visa or to remain in the UK permanently.\n\nYou still need to pay even if you have private medical insurance.\n\n## Who only needs an IHS reference number\n\nYou still need to use the payment service to get an immigration health surcharge (IHS) reference number but you will not need to pay if:\n\n- you\u2019re a child under 18 who has been taken into care by a local authority\n\n- you\u2019re a relevant civilian employee at NATO or the Australian Department of Defence in the UK (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\nThe service will tell you that you do not have to pay anything and will give you your healthcare surcharge reference number for your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the National Health Service (NHS) even if you\u2019re exempt from paying.\n\n## Who does not need to pay or get an IHS reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the NHS without paying the surcharge or getting a reference number if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to enter or remain\n\n- you\u2019re a health and care worker who is eligible for a Health and Care Worker visa (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re applying to the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- you\u2019re a diplomat or a member of a visiting armed forces and not subject to immigration control\n\n- you\u2019re a dependant of a member of the UK\u2019s armed forces\n\n- you\u2019re the dependant of a member of another country\u2019s armed forces who is exempt from immigration control\n\n- you\u2019re applying for a visa for the Isle of Man or Channel Islands\n\n- you\u2019re a British Overseas Territory citizen resident in the Falkland Islands\n\n- you\u2019re an asylum seeker or applying for humanitarian protection (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re a domestic worker who has been identified as a victim of slavery or human trafficking\n\n- you\u2019re applying for discretionary leave to remain in the UK as someone who has been identified as a victim of slavery or human trafficking (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- the Home Office\u2019s domestic violence concession applies to you (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- being made to leave the UK would be against your rights under Article 3 of the European Convention of Human Rights (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re an S2 Healthcare Visitor\n\n- you\u2019re eligible for a Frontier Worker permit and have an S1 certificate\n\nYou need to pay the healthcare surcharge if you apply for indefinite leave to remain but are only given limited leave. You\u2019ll need to pay before you\u2019re given the leave.\n\n## Visitor visas and short-term visas\n\nYou do not need to pay the surcharge or get an IHS reference number if you\u2019re applying for a:\n\n- visitor visa\n\n- visa for 6 months or less from outside the UK\n\nYou will need to pay for any NHS care you get at the point you use it - unless it\u2019s a service that\u2019s free.\n\n## How much you have to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay:\n\n- \u00a3470 per year for a student or Youth Mobility Scheme visa, for example \u00a3940 for a 2-year visa\n\n- \u00a3470 per year for visa and immigration applicants who are under the age of 18 at time of application\n\n- \u00a3624 per year for all other visa and immigration applications, for example \u00a33,120 for a 5-year visa\n\nDependants aged 18 or over usually need to pay the same amount as you.\n\nThe exact amount you have to pay depends on how much leave you\u2019re granted. Calculate how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay half of the yearly amount if your application includes part of a year that is less than 6 months.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay for a whole year if your application includes part of a year that is more than 6 months.\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically get a partial refund if you paid the healthcare surcharge for more years than you were granted leave.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nIf you apply for a visa online, you pay the surcharge as part of the application.\n\nIf you apply for a visa by post, you must pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include your IHS reference number on the application form.\n\n## If you do not pay\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email from UK Visas and Immigration if you do not pay the surcharge (or do not pay enough) as part of your visa or immigration application.\n\nCheck your junk folder if you cannot see the email in your inbox.\n\nOnce you get the email, you must pay the surcharge within:\n\n- 10 working days if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\n- 7 working days if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYour visa or immigration application will be turned down if you do not pay the full amount in this time.\n\n## Pay the healthcare surcharge\n\nIf you\u2019re making an immigration application online you pay the healthcare surcharge as part of the application process. You must complete the payment and return to the online immigration application in less than 30 minutes.\n\nIf you\u2019re making an immigration application by post you must pay the healthcare surcharge before you complete your application.\n\nYou must pay the healthcare surcharge by debit or credit card.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying online, you\u2019ll be asked for:\n\n- the start and end dates on your certificate of sponsorship, if you have one\n\n- your course dates, if you\u2019re applying as a student\n\nIf you\u2019re applying by post, you\u2019ll also be asked for:\n\n- the type of visa you\u2019re applying for\n\n- your passport or travel document number\n\n- an email address\n\nPay now\n\nYou need to pay by cash at the UK embassy if you\u2019re in the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea.\n\n## Family members\n\nYou\u2019ll need the same information that you used to pay for:\n\n- any person applying for a visa or other immigration application with you, for example a dependant\n\n- any person you\u2019re applying to join or remain who is already in the UK (you do not need to add this person\u2019s details if they are a UK or EEA citizen)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need their leave expiry date if you\u2019re joining someone in the UK (or IHS reference number if they have one).\n\n## Finish your visa or immigration application\n\n- You\u2019ll be sent an email with an IHS reference number. This will also be shown on screen when you\u2019ve paid. You can only use this number once - you\u2019ll need to get another one if you reapply.\n\n- You\u2019ll need to write this on the cover of your visa application if you\u2019re applying by post. You need this reference even if you\u2019re exempt from paying the healthcare surcharge.\n\n- Finish your application form and pay your visa or immigration application fee.\n\n## Refunds\n\nYou\u2019ll get a full immigration health surcharge (IHS) refund if:\n\n- you paid twice\n\n- your visa application is refused\n\n- you withdraw your visa application\n\nYou\u2019ll get a partial IHS refund if your visa application\u2019s successful but:\n\n- you get less time on your visa than you asked for\n\n- any dependants on your visa application are refused\n\nIf you are due a full or partial refund for these reasons, you do not have to do anything to get it. It will be automatically paid to the account or card you paid with.\n\nYou will not get a refund if:\n\n- your visa application is successful but you do not come to the UK\n\n- you leave the UK before your visa ends, for example to make a new application\n\n- you\u2019re told to leave the UK before your visa expires\n\n- you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\n## If your healthcare is paid for by an EU country\n\nYou may get a full or partial IHS refund if you have an S1 certificate registered with the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\nYou can also apply for a full or partial IHS refund if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re a full-time student in UK higher education\n\n- your visa started on or after 1 January 2021\n\n- you have a European Healthcare Insurance Card (EHIC) issued in an EU country\n\n- you do not work\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming as a full-time student with an EHIC, you can apply for a refund of the IHS you paid to cover any period starting on or after 1 January 2021. Applications open from 1 January 2022.\n\nThe amount you\u2019re refunded will depend on the date your S1 certificate or EHIC runs out.\n\nFind out more about applying for a refund.\n\n## If you work in health and care\n\nYou and your dependants may be able to get a refund of the IHS if you work in health and care.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for a refund as a health or care worker.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou usually get your refund within 6 weeks of getting a decision on your visa application. It can take longer if you appeal or ask for an administrative review after your visa application is refused.\n\n## If you appeal or ask for an administrative review\n\nIf you applied from:\n\n- inside the UK - you\u2019ll get your refund up to 6 weeks after your appeal or administrative review is dismissed\n\n- outside the UK - you\u2019ll get your refund up to 6 weeks after your visa application is refused\n\nYou\u2019ll have to repay the IHS if your appeal or administrative review is successful and you\u2019ve already got your IHS refund.\n\nYou might have to repay a different amount if:\n\n- the length of your stay changes\n\n- you get less time on your visa than you asked for\n\nContact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if your refund is not paid within 6 weeks.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-immigration-application", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a Bangladeshi national who is currently applying for indefinite leave to remain in the UK as part of a family reunion scheme. I have no dependants and will be living with my brother in Slough initially.", + "original_question": "Is it possible to use the NHS without paying the IHS?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1930", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 21 year old Spanish national who is applying for a 3-year student visa to study for a degree at a UK University. I've calculated that I will have to pay the sum of \u00a31410 for IHS surcharges in addition to my visa processing fee, which seems rather a lot to have to pay in one go.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to pay the surcharge before I can complete my visa application?\n\nDocument - Pay for UK healthcare as part of your immigration application:\n## Overview\n\nYou might need to pay a healthcare surcharge (called the \u2018immigration health surcharge\u2019 or IHS) as part of your immigration application.\n\nWhether you need to pay depends on the immigration status you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nIf you\u2019re making your immigration application online, you pay the surcharge as part of your application or when you book an appointment.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying by post, you pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include the IHS reference number on your application form.\n\n## When you can start to use the NHS\n\nYou can start using the National Health Service (NHS) when both:\n\n- you\u2019ve paid the healthcare surcharge (or are exempt from paying it)\n\n- your visa or immigration application is granted\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to pay for certain types of services, such as prescriptions, dental treatment, eye tests and assisted conception.\n\nWhen you access healthcare in the UK, you may need to:\n\n- provide your biometric residence permit, if you have one\n\n- prove your status online using a share code, if you have a digital immigration status\n\n## Who needs to pay\n\nYou usually need to pay the healthcare surcharge if you\u2019re applying for a visa or immigration application:\n\n- for more than 6 months, if you\u2019re applying outside the UK\n\n- for any length of time, if you\u2019re applying inside the UK\n\nYou do not need to pay if you\u2019re applying for a visitor visa or to remain in the UK permanently.\n\nYou still need to pay even if you have private medical insurance.\n\n## Who only needs an IHS reference number\n\nYou still need to use the payment service to get an immigration health surcharge (IHS) reference number but you will not need to pay if:\n\n- you\u2019re a child under 18 who has been taken into care by a local authority\n\n- you\u2019re a relevant civilian employee at NATO or the Australian Department of Defence in the UK (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\nThe service will tell you that you do not have to pay anything and will give you your healthcare surcharge reference number for your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the National Health Service (NHS) even if you\u2019re exempt from paying.\n\n## Who does not need to pay or get an IHS reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the NHS without paying the surcharge or getting a reference number if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to enter or remain\n\n- you\u2019re a health and care worker who is eligible for a Health and Care Worker visa (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re applying to the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- you\u2019re a diplomat or a member of a visiting armed forces and not subject to immigration control\n\n- you\u2019re a dependant of a member of the UK\u2019s armed forces\n\n- you\u2019re the dependant of a member of another country\u2019s armed forces who is exempt from immigration control\n\n- you\u2019re applying for a visa for the Isle of Man or Channel Islands\n\n- you\u2019re a British Overseas Territory citizen resident in the Falkland Islands\n\n- you\u2019re an asylum seeker or applying for humanitarian protection (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re a domestic worker who has been identified as a victim of slavery or human trafficking\n\n- you\u2019re applying for discretionary leave to remain in the UK as someone who has been identified as a victim of slavery or human trafficking (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- the Home Office\u2019s domestic violence concession applies to you (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- being made to leave the UK would be against your rights under Article 3 of the European Convention of Human Rights (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re an S2 Healthcare Visitor\n\n- you\u2019re eligible for a Frontier Worker permit and have an S1 certificate\n\nYou need to pay the healthcare surcharge if you apply for indefinite leave to remain but are only given limited leave. You\u2019ll need to pay before you\u2019re given the leave.\n\n## Visitor visas and short-term visas\n\nYou do not need to pay the surcharge or get an IHS reference number if you\u2019re applying for a:\n\n- visitor visa\n\n- visa for 6 months or less from outside the UK\n\nYou will need to pay for any NHS care you get at the point you use it - unless it\u2019s a service that\u2019s free.\n\n## How much you have to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay:\n\n- \u00a3470 per year for a student or Youth Mobility Scheme visa, for example \u00a3940 for a 2-year visa\n\n- \u00a3470 per year for visa and immigration applicants who are under the age of 18 at time of application\n\n- \u00a3624 per year for all other visa and immigration applications, for example \u00a33,120 for a 5-year visa\n\nDependants aged 18 or over usually need to pay the same amount as you.\n\nThe exact amount you have to pay depends on how much leave you\u2019re granted. Calculate how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay half of the yearly amount if your application includes part of a year that is less than 6 months.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay for a whole year if your application includes part of a year that is more than 6 months.\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically get a partial refund if you paid the healthcare surcharge for more years than you were granted leave.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nIf you apply for a visa online, you pay the surcharge as part of the application.\n\nIf you apply for a visa by post, you must pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include your IHS reference number on the application form.\n\n## If you do not pay\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email from UK Visas and Immigration if you do not pay the surcharge (or do not pay enough) as part of your visa or immigration application.\n\nCheck your junk folder if you cannot see the email in your inbox.\n\nOnce you get the email, you must pay the surcharge within:\n\n- 10 working days if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\n- 7 working days if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYour visa or immigration application will be turned down if you do not pay the full amount in this time.\n\n## Pay the healthcare surcharge\n\nIf you\u2019re making an immigration application online you pay the healthcare surcharge as part of the application process. You must complete the payment and return to the online immigration application in less than 30 minutes.\n\nIf you\u2019re making an immigration application by post you must pay the healthcare surcharge before you complete your application.\n\nYou must pay the healthcare surcharge by debit or credit card.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying online, you\u2019ll be asked for:\n\n- the start and end dates on your certificate of sponsorship, if you have one\n\n- your course dates, if you\u2019re applying as a student\n\nIf you\u2019re applying by post, you\u2019ll also be asked for:\n\n- the type of visa you\u2019re applying for\n\n- your passport or travel document number\n\n- an email address\n\nPay now\n\nYou need to pay by cash at the UK embassy if you\u2019re in the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea.\n\n## Family members\n\nYou\u2019ll need the same information that you used to pay for:\n\n- any person applying for a visa or other immigration application with you, for example a dependant\n\n- any person you\u2019re applying to join or remain who is already in the UK (you do not need to add this person\u2019s details if they are a UK or EEA citizen)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need their leave expiry date if you\u2019re joining someone in the UK (or IHS reference number if they have one).\n\n## Finish your visa or immigration application\n\n- You\u2019ll be sent an email with an IHS reference number. This will also be shown on screen when you\u2019ve paid. You can only use this number once - you\u2019ll need to get another one if you reapply.\n\n- You\u2019ll need to write this on the cover of your visa application if you\u2019re applying by post. You need this reference even if you\u2019re exempt from paying the healthcare surcharge.\n\n- Finish your application form and pay your visa or immigration application fee.\n\n## Refunds\n\nYou\u2019ll get a full immigration health surcharge (IHS) refund if:\n\n- you paid twice\n\n- your visa application is refused\n\n- you withdraw your visa application\n\nYou\u2019ll get a partial IHS refund if your visa application\u2019s successful but:\n\n- you get less time on your visa than you asked for\n\n- any dependants on your visa application are refused\n\nIf you are due a full or partial refund for these reasons, you do not have to do anything to get it. It will be automatically paid to the account or card you paid with.\n\nYou will not get a refund if:\n\n- your visa application is successful but you do not come to the UK\n\n- you leave the UK before your visa ends, for example to make a new application\n\n- you\u2019re told to leave the UK before your visa expires\n\n- you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\n## If your healthcare is paid for by an EU country\n\nYou may get a full or partial IHS refund if you have an S1 certificate registered with the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\nYou can also apply for a full or partial IHS refund if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re a full-time student in UK higher education\n\n- your visa started on or after 1 January 2021\n\n- you have a European Healthcare Insurance Card (EHIC) issued in an EU country\n\n- you do not work\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming as a full-time student with an EHIC, you can apply for a refund of the IHS you paid to cover any period starting on or after 1 January 2021. Applications open from 1 January 2022.\n\nThe amount you\u2019re refunded will depend on the date your S1 certificate or EHIC runs out.\n\nFind out more about applying for a refund.\n\n## If you work in health and care\n\nYou and your dependants may be able to get a refund of the IHS if you work in health and care.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for a refund as a health or care worker.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou usually get your refund within 6 weeks of getting a decision on your visa application. It can take longer if you appeal or ask for an administrative review after your visa application is refused.\n\n## If you appeal or ask for an administrative review\n\nIf you applied from:\n\n- inside the UK - you\u2019ll get your refund up to 6 weeks after your appeal or administrative review is dismissed\n\n- outside the UK - you\u2019ll get your refund up to 6 weeks after your visa application is refused\n\nYou\u2019ll have to repay the IHS if your appeal or administrative review is successful and you\u2019ve already got your IHS refund.\n\nYou might have to repay a different amount if:\n\n- the length of your stay changes\n\n- you get less time on your visa than you asked for\n\nContact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if your refund is not paid within 6 weeks.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-immigration-application", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 21 year old Spanish national who is applying for a 3-year student visa to study for a degree at a UK University. I've calculated that I will have to pay the sum of \u00a31410 for IHS surcharges in addition to my visa processing fee, which seems rather a lot to have to pay in one go.", + "original_question": "Do I have to pay the surcharge before I can complete my visa application?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1931", + "question": "Scenario: I have a child that is 10 years old and a student. I have enough money to support my child and myself in the UK. I would like to move to the UK.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to get a child student visa?\n\nDocument - Parent of a Child Student visa:\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can only apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa if your child has or is applying for a Child Student visa. Or if they currently have a Tier 4 (Child) visa.\n\nYour child must be aged between 4 and 11 when you apply, and be attending an independent school in the UK.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK\n\n- have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK\n\n- maintain your main home outside the UK\n\n- plan to leave the UK when your visa expires\n\n## Bringing family members with you\n\nTo be eligible for a Parent of a Child Student visa you must be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK. The child\u2019s other parent must live abroad, and cannot apply to join you in the UK.\n\nYou can bring your other children with you if they also have or are applying for a Child Student visa.\n\nYou cannot bring other family members with you on this visa. They may be able to apply to come to the UK on a short-term visit visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to come to the UK for more than 6 months. The earliest your Parent of a Child Student visa will start from is 1 January 2021.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK until your child\u2019s visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.\n\nYou can extend your visa while in the UK as long as you meet the eligibility requirements.\n\n## If you leave the UK\n\nIf your child is staying in education in the UK without you, you must make arrangements for their ongoing care. For example, if your child turns 12 and their visa is still valid, they may be able to start boarding at their current school, or live with other family members in the UK.\n\n## What you cannot do\n\nWhile you\u2019re in the UK on a Parent of a Child Student visa, you cannot:\n\n- do paid work\n\n- study\n\n- start a business\n\n- make the UK your main home\n\n- apply for benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- bring other family members with you\n\n- switch to a different type of visa\n\n## Money you need\n\nWhen you apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa, you must:\n\n- pay the application fee\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay\n\n- prove that you have enough money to support yourself and your child while you\u2019re in the UK\n\n## Visa application fee\n\nA Parent of a Child Student visa costs \u00a3516.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online application. It usually costs \u00a3624 per year.\n\nThis is so you can use the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll need to pay before you apply.\n\nYou pay the surcharge as part of your online visa application.\n\n## Money to support yourself and your child\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that you have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need \u00a31,560 for each month of your stay up to a maximum of 9 months. This amount is to support both you and your child.\n\nFor example, if you\u2019re staying for 9 months or longer you\u2019ll need to prove you have \u00a314,040 (9 months \u00d7 \u00a31,560).\n\n## If you want to bring your other children\n\nYou\u2019ll need an extra \u00a3625 per month, up to a maximum of 9 months, for each additional child that accompanies you to the UK. They must be a sibling of your other child and also have a Child Student visa.\n\n## If you\u2019re extending your visa\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa, you do not need to prove you have money to support yourself and your child for your visa application.\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel document\n\n- proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa\n\n- evidence that you have a permanent home outside the UK\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test\n\n- a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Parent of a Child Student visa before you travel to the UK.\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 6 months before you travel to the UK.\n\nCheck what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Apply online\n\nAs part of your online application, you will need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply online\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa while in the UK as long as you and your child meet the eligibility requirements. This includes if your child currently has a Tier 4 (Child) student visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nWhen you extend your visa you can stay in the UK until the date your child\u2019s student visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.\n\n## When to apply to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you get a decision on your visa application.\n\n## Apply to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point. At the appointment you must provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo). It costs \u00a319.20.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply to extend\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 8 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\nIf you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a child that is 10 years old and a student. I have enough money to support my child and myself in the UK. I would like to move to the UK.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to get a child student visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1935", + "question": "Scenario: I am a person who is looking to work at a charity in the UK with an annual income of \u00a323,000. I am looking at my eligibility for the Charity Worker visa. I have a certificate of sponsorship and \u00a35,000 in savings.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible for the Charity Worker visa?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) if:\n\n- you want to do unpaid voluntary work for a charity\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Charity Worker) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou must have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend from inside the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the the next working day after your UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for up to 12 months or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- bring your partner and children with you, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- receive any payment for work\n\n- take a permanent job\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible for a Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5) you need:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about the job you will do and your personal details. It is not a certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYour sponsor must also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, for example your working hours.\n\nYour sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guidance on documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Charity Worker visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\nYou must be in the UK to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou can apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK to extend\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend as a partner\n\n- extend as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-charity-worker-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a person who is looking to work at a charity in the UK with an annual income of \u00a323,000. I am looking at my eligibility for the Charity Worker visa. I have a certificate of sponsorship and \u00a35,000 in savings.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible for the Charity Worker visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1937", + "question": "Scenario: I have just completed transitioning from male to female. My appearance has also changed a significant amount in the eight years since my passport picture was last taken.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to have a new passport picture taken?\n\nDocument - Change your name or personal details on your passport:\n## How it works\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a new passport to travel abroad or prove your identity if you change any of the following:\n\n- your name\n\n- your gender\n\n- your appearance, if you cannot be recognised from your passport photo any more (for example, you\u2019ve had plastic surgery)\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new 10 year passport. Time left on your old passport will not be added to your new one.\n\n## When you do not need a new passport\n\nYou do not need to get a new passport if you:\n\n- change your address or contact details\n\n- get a new job\n\n- change your appearance slightly - for example, dye your hair or grow a beard\n\n- change your marital status (divorce, marry or form a civil partnership) but keep your name\n\n- change your title, for example, doctor or professor\n\n- become a national of another country as well as the UK\n\n- emigrate\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow up to 10 weeks to get your passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.\n\nYou may be able to get a passport urgently if you need to travel sooner.\n\nDo not book travel until you have a valid passport - your new passport will not have the same number as your old one.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply for a new passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.\n\nStart now\n\n## Apply using a paper application form\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to get your passport.\n\nYou can get a paper application form by either:\n\n- going to a Post Office that has a Check and Send service\n\n- calling the Passport Adviceline\n\nIt costs \u00a385.\n\nFill in and sign your passport application using the name that you want to see printed on your passport.\n\n## Countersignatures\n\nYou must get a countersignature if your appearance has changed and you cannot be recognised from your existing passport.\n\nYou do not need a countersignature if you\u2019re changing your name or adding a title.\n\n## Unexpired visas\n\nUnexpired visas in your old passport may become invalid if you change your name. Check with the embassy or consulate of the country that issued the visa.\n\n## If you have a non-British passport\n\nIf you have dual citizenship (\u2018dual nationality\u2019) and have a non-British passport, the name on your non-British passport must match the name and gender you want on your British passport.\n\nIf it\u2019s different, change the details on your non-British passport before you apply for a new British passport.\n\n## Marriage or civil partnership change\n\nYou can get a new passport in your new name either before or after the ceremony.\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\n## Get a new passport after the ceremony\n\nSend your marriage or civil partnership certificate when you apply for a passport in your new name - this includes double-barrelled names.\n\n## Get a new passport before the ceremony\n\nYou can apply for a passport in your new name up to 3 months before your marriage or civil partnership ceremony.\n\nYour old passport will be cancelled. Your new passport is \u2018post-dated\u2019 - you cannot use it before the ceremony.\n\nSome countries will not issue visas for post-dated passports - check with the country\u2019s embassy or consulate.\n\nYou must send a \u2018passports for newly weds and civil partners\u2019 form with your documents. It must be signed by the religious minister or registrar who will conduct the ceremony.\n\n## Divorce or returning to a previous surname\n\nWhen you apply, you also need to send:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- a statement signed by you saying you\u2019ve gone back to a previous surname (for example your maiden name) \u2018for all purposes\u2019 - that is, you will not use your married or civil partnership name at all\n\n- a document that shows you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\n- your decree absolute or final order showing both names\n\n- a marriage or civil partnership certificate showing both names - if you do not have it you can order a copy\n\n## Gender change\n\nSend one of the following when you apply for a passport:\n\n- a Gender Recognition Certificate\n\n- a new birth or adoption certificate showing your acquired gender\n\n- a letter from your doctor or medical consultant confirming your change of gender is likely to be permanent\n\nIf you\u2019re sending a letter from your doctor or medical consultant and you\u2019re changing your name, you\u2019ll also need to supply both of the following:\n\n- evidence of your change of name (such as a deed poll)\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\nRead the information about passports for transgender and transsexual people if you need help.\n\n## Titles and small changes to forenames\n\nYou can:\n\n- change the spelling of your name slightly - for example, Jane to Jayne\n\n- change the order of your forenames\n\n- remove middle names\n\nSend 2 documents that show you\u2019re using your new name. These can include a:\n\n- letter from a local council or government department\n\n- driving licence\n\n- bank statement\n\n- baptism or confirmation certificate\n\n## Titles you can use on your passport\n\nYou can include:\n\n- professional titles - for example, doctor, judge, minister of religion, professor, QC, or JP if you\u2019re a magistrate\n\n- honours or military decorations\n\nPut the details in the \u2018other title\u2019 box of your application and send evidence of your title.\n\nYour title will be on the \u2018observations\u2019 page of your passport - it will not be part of your name, except if it\u2019s a title of nobility, for example knight, dame or a lord.\n\n## Other name changes\n\nYou can change your name on your passport with one of the following documents:\n\n- a deed poll\n\n- a statutory declaration\n\n- an affidavit\n\nSend it with both:\n\n- proof of any previous name changes you\u2019ve made\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip or a letter from your local council)", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just completed transitioning from male to female. My appearance has also changed a significant amount in the eight years since my passport picture was last taken.", + "original_question": "Do I have to have a new passport picture taken?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1938", + "question": "Scenario: I am a thirty year old woman and I am due to be married next year. I will be changing my name when I do. We will go on honeymoon the day after the wedding. The reservation was made under my new name.\n\nQuestion: Can I change the name on my passport after I go?\n\nDocument - Change your name or personal details on your passport:\n## How it works\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a new passport to travel abroad or prove your identity if you change any of the following:\n\n- your name\n\n- your gender\n\n- your appearance, if you cannot be recognised from your passport photo any more (for example, you\u2019ve had plastic surgery)\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new 10 year passport. Time left on your old passport will not be added to your new one.\n\n## When you do not need a new passport\n\nYou do not need to get a new passport if you:\n\n- change your address or contact details\n\n- get a new job\n\n- change your appearance slightly - for example, dye your hair or grow a beard\n\n- change your marital status (divorce, marry or form a civil partnership) but keep your name\n\n- change your title, for example, doctor or professor\n\n- become a national of another country as well as the UK\n\n- emigrate\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow up to 10 weeks to get your passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.\n\nYou may be able to get a passport urgently if you need to travel sooner.\n\nDo not book travel until you have a valid passport - your new passport will not have the same number as your old one.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply for a new passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.\n\nStart now\n\n## Apply using a paper application form\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to get your passport.\n\nYou can get a paper application form by either:\n\n- going to a Post Office that has a Check and Send service\n\n- calling the Passport Adviceline\n\nIt costs \u00a385.\n\nFill in and sign your passport application using the name that you want to see printed on your passport.\n\n## Countersignatures\n\nYou must get a countersignature if your appearance has changed and you cannot be recognised from your existing passport.\n\nYou do not need a countersignature if you\u2019re changing your name or adding a title.\n\n## Unexpired visas\n\nUnexpired visas in your old passport may become invalid if you change your name. Check with the embassy or consulate of the country that issued the visa.\n\n## If you have a non-British passport\n\nIf you have dual citizenship (\u2018dual nationality\u2019) and have a non-British passport, the name on your non-British passport must match the name and gender you want on your British passport.\n\nIf it\u2019s different, change the details on your non-British passport before you apply for a new British passport.\n\n## Marriage or civil partnership change\n\nYou can get a new passport in your new name either before or after the ceremony.\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\n## Get a new passport after the ceremony\n\nSend your marriage or civil partnership certificate when you apply for a passport in your new name - this includes double-barrelled names.\n\n## Get a new passport before the ceremony\n\nYou can apply for a passport in your new name up to 3 months before your marriage or civil partnership ceremony.\n\nYour old passport will be cancelled. Your new passport is \u2018post-dated\u2019 - you cannot use it before the ceremony.\n\nSome countries will not issue visas for post-dated passports - check with the country\u2019s embassy or consulate.\n\nYou must send a \u2018passports for newly weds and civil partners\u2019 form with your documents. It must be signed by the religious minister or registrar who will conduct the ceremony.\n\n## Divorce or returning to a previous surname\n\nWhen you apply, you also need to send:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- a statement signed by you saying you\u2019ve gone back to a previous surname (for example your maiden name) \u2018for all purposes\u2019 - that is, you will not use your married or civil partnership name at all\n\n- a document that shows you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\n- your decree absolute or final order showing both names\n\n- a marriage or civil partnership certificate showing both names - if you do not have it you can order a copy\n\n## Gender change\n\nSend one of the following when you apply for a passport:\n\n- a Gender Recognition Certificate\n\n- a new birth or adoption certificate showing your acquired gender\n\n- a letter from your doctor or medical consultant confirming your change of gender is likely to be permanent\n\nIf you\u2019re sending a letter from your doctor or medical consultant and you\u2019re changing your name, you\u2019ll also need to supply both of the following:\n\n- evidence of your change of name (such as a deed poll)\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\nRead the information about passports for transgender and transsexual people if you need help.\n\n## Titles and small changes to forenames\n\nYou can:\n\n- change the spelling of your name slightly - for example, Jane to Jayne\n\n- change the order of your forenames\n\n- remove middle names\n\nSend 2 documents that show you\u2019re using your new name. These can include a:\n\n- letter from a local council or government department\n\n- driving licence\n\n- bank statement\n\n- baptism or confirmation certificate\n\n## Titles you can use on your passport\n\nYou can include:\n\n- professional titles - for example, doctor, judge, minister of religion, professor, QC, or JP if you\u2019re a magistrate\n\n- honours or military decorations\n\nPut the details in the \u2018other title\u2019 box of your application and send evidence of your title.\n\nYour title will be on the \u2018observations\u2019 page of your passport - it will not be part of your name, except if it\u2019s a title of nobility, for example knight, dame or a lord.\n\n## Other name changes\n\nYou can change your name on your passport with one of the following documents:\n\n- a deed poll\n\n- a statutory declaration\n\n- an affidavit\n\nSend it with both:\n\n- proof of any previous name changes you\u2019ve made\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip or a letter from your local council)", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a thirty year old woman and I am due to be married next year. I will be changing my name when I do. We will go on honeymoon the day after the wedding. The reservation was made under my new name.", + "original_question": "Can I change the name on my passport after I go?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1939", + "question": "Scenario: My friends and I have just finished our A Levels and want to go to Europe for a few days to unwind. Some of us have personal passports but most do not. At least five of us would need a collective passport\n\nQuestion: Is five too many people to travel on one collective passport?\n\nDocument - Collective (group) passports:\n## Overview\n\nIt takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.\n\nA collective (or group) passport is a way for an organised group of young people to make a trip to certain European countries.\n\nA collective passport costs \u00a339.\n\nYoung people should travel on their own passports if possible.\n\n## Who can use a collective passport\n\nThe passport is not for families but for groups such as:\n\n- schools and sixth form colleges\n\n- guides\n\n- scouts\n\n- other recognised youth organisations\n\nYou can have between 5 and 50 children on a group passport. If there are more than 50 in the group, you can split the group and apply for 2 or more passports.\n\nEveryone on the passport must be a British national and under 18 by the end of the trip.\n\nA group leader must be named on the passport. The passport is invalid if the group leader cannot travel, but if a deputy leader is named on the application, they can take over.\n\nThe group leader and deputy leader must:\n\n- be aged 21 or over\n\n- be a British citizen and have a British passport\n\n- be a UK resident\n\n## Countries you can visit\n\nThe countries you can travel to or through on a collective passport are:\n\n- Austria\n\n- Denmark\n\n- France\n\n- Italy\n\n- Malta\n\n- Norway\n\n- Romania\n\n- Spain\n\n- Switzerland\n\n## Check if you need a visa\n\nYou may need a visa if you\u2019re travelling on a group passport, even if you do not need one when travelling on an individual passport. Contact the country\u2019s embassy or consulate in the UK to check.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIt takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.\n\n- Download the application form.\n\n- Save it to your computer and fill it in (handwritten applications are not accepted).\n\n- Collect your supporting documents.\n\n- Email your completed application form to HMPassportofficeDurhamCollectives@hmpo.gov.uk.\n\n- Print a paper copy and get it signed by the group leader and deputy leader.\n\n- Send the paper copy with the \u00a339 fee and supporting documents to Collective Passport Applications.\n\n## Paying the fee\n\nInclude a cheque for \u00a339, payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Passport Office\u2019, or pay by credit or debit card using the card payment form - use capital letters to fill in the form.\n\n## Checks on your application\n\nHM Passport Office may contact your organisation to verify the application. Include a contact number on the form that will be answered during school holidays or your application could be delayed.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nEach application must include:\n\n- a nationality questionnaire and parental consent form for each child\n\n- a collective passport photo identity card for each child\n\n- one supporting letter for the whole application\n\n## Nationality questionnaire and consent form\n\nThe nationality questionnaire and consent form (\u2018CPNQ\u2019 form) must be filled in by the person who can give consent for the child to travel. They must fill in either the:\n\n- form for a child born in the UK\n\n- form for a child born outside the UK\n\nDetails of who can give consent are on the form.\n\n## Request collective passport photo identity cards\n\nEmail your request for collective passport photo cards to HMPassportofficeDurhamCollectives@hmpo.gov.uk. Your email should include:\n\n- the number of cards you need\n\n- the full name and address of the school or organised group\n\n- a contact name and phone number\n\n## Complete collective passport photo identity cards\n\nEach card must be filled in with the child\u2019s details exactly as they appear on their nationality questionnaire and parental consent form.\n\nYou must attach a recent passport-sized photo to each card.\n\n## Rules for photos\n\nThe photos:\n\n- should be of a similar quality to standard passport photos\n\n- should not have been previously used on another document\n\n- must not be laminated or photocopies\n\nYou can use:\n\n- a school photo - as long as it does not have \u2018proof\u2019 written across it\n\n- printed digital photos\n\nThe group leader must complete their own details and sign the photo cards before submitting the application.\n\nEach child must sign their card before they travel.\n\n## Supporting letter\n\nEach application must include one supporting letter on headed paper confirming consent to the trip.\n\nIf the group is going abroad to perform (for example, in a sports competition) the letter must say:\n\n- all members of the group are amateurs\n\n- they will not get any payment\n\nIf children from more than one organisation are travelling together, you need a supporting letter from each organisation.\n\nThe letter must be signed - digital or photocopied signatures are not accepted.\n\nThe table shows who can supply and sign the supporting letter.\n\n| Type of organisation | Who can supply and sign the supporting letter |\n\n| School | The head teacher, a member of the board of governors or the education authority from each school making up the party |\n\n| Scout or guide group | The assistant county or area commissioner or someone from Association Headquarters |\n\n| Football or rugby club | Someone from the local football association or the league chairperson or secretary |\n\n| Swimming or judo clubs | Someone from the national headquarters |\n\n| Youth orchestras or choirs | Someone from the local education authority, or the vicar for church groups |\n\n| Army or Airforce cadets | The commanding officer or someone from the services authority |\n\n| Clubs or youth clubs | Someone from the local authority where the club is registered, or the national headquarters |\n\n| Registered charities | The director or a person in a similar position in the organisation |\n\n## Getting the passport changed\n\nCheck your passport when it arrives for mistakes. Children cannot travel if they\u2019re not on the passport.\n\n## If you need to amend the passport\n\nSend the passport back to HM Passport Office Collective Passport Applications with a letter explaining the reasons.\n\nIf your trip is postponed but you arrange alternative travel within the same season, you can usually get your passport amended free of charge.\n\nIf several changes are needed (for example, you\u2019re adding lots of names), you have to pay for a new one.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/collective-group-passports", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friends and I have just finished our A Levels and want to go to Europe for a few days to unwind. Some of us have personal passports but most do not. At least five of us would need a collective passport", + "original_question": "Is five too many people to travel on one collective passport?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1940", + "question": "Scenario: Some colleagues and I have a collective passport and had intended to go to Prague for the weekend soon. Now one of our members has dropped out.\n\nQuestion: Is it necessary to amend the passport now that one member is not coming with us anymore?\n\nDocument - Collective (group) passports:\n## Overview\n\nIt takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.\n\nA collective (or group) passport is a way for an organised group of young people to make a trip to certain European countries.\n\nA collective passport costs \u00a339.\n\nYoung people should travel on their own passports if possible.\n\n## Who can use a collective passport\n\nThe passport is not for families but for groups such as:\n\n- schools and sixth form colleges\n\n- guides\n\n- scouts\n\n- other recognised youth organisations\n\nYou can have between 5 and 50 children on a group passport. If there are more than 50 in the group, you can split the group and apply for 2 or more passports.\n\nEveryone on the passport must be a British national and under 18 by the end of the trip.\n\nA group leader must be named on the passport. The passport is invalid if the group leader cannot travel, but if a deputy leader is named on the application, they can take over.\n\nThe group leader and deputy leader must:\n\n- be aged 21 or over\n\n- be a British citizen and have a British passport\n\n- be a UK resident\n\n## Countries you can visit\n\nThe countries you can travel to or through on a collective passport are:\n\n- Austria\n\n- Denmark\n\n- France\n\n- Italy\n\n- Malta\n\n- Norway\n\n- Romania\n\n- Spain\n\n- Switzerland\n\n## Check if you need a visa\n\nYou may need a visa if you\u2019re travelling on a group passport, even if you do not need one when travelling on an individual passport. Contact the country\u2019s embassy or consulate in the UK to check.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIt takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.\n\n- Download the application form.\n\n- Save it to your computer and fill it in (handwritten applications are not accepted).\n\n- Collect your supporting documents.\n\n- Email your completed application form to HMPassportofficeDurhamCollectives@hmpo.gov.uk.\n\n- Print a paper copy and get it signed by the group leader and deputy leader.\n\n- Send the paper copy with the \u00a339 fee and supporting documents to Collective Passport Applications.\n\n## Paying the fee\n\nInclude a cheque for \u00a339, payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Passport Office\u2019, or pay by credit or debit card using the card payment form - use capital letters to fill in the form.\n\n## Checks on your application\n\nHM Passport Office may contact your organisation to verify the application. Include a contact number on the form that will be answered during school holidays or your application could be delayed.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nEach application must include:\n\n- a nationality questionnaire and parental consent form for each child\n\n- a collective passport photo identity card for each child\n\n- one supporting letter for the whole application\n\n## Nationality questionnaire and consent form\n\nThe nationality questionnaire and consent form (\u2018CPNQ\u2019 form) must be filled in by the person who can give consent for the child to travel. They must fill in either the:\n\n- form for a child born in the UK\n\n- form for a child born outside the UK\n\nDetails of who can give consent are on the form.\n\n## Request collective passport photo identity cards\n\nEmail your request for collective passport photo cards to HMPassportofficeDurhamCollectives@hmpo.gov.uk. Your email should include:\n\n- the number of cards you need\n\n- the full name and address of the school or organised group\n\n- a contact name and phone number\n\n## Complete collective passport photo identity cards\n\nEach card must be filled in with the child\u2019s details exactly as they appear on their nationality questionnaire and parental consent form.\n\nYou must attach a recent passport-sized photo to each card.\n\n## Rules for photos\n\nThe photos:\n\n- should be of a similar quality to standard passport photos\n\n- should not have been previously used on another document\n\n- must not be laminated or photocopies\n\nYou can use:\n\n- a school photo - as long as it does not have \u2018proof\u2019 written across it\n\n- printed digital photos\n\nThe group leader must complete their own details and sign the photo cards before submitting the application.\n\nEach child must sign their card before they travel.\n\n## Supporting letter\n\nEach application must include one supporting letter on headed paper confirming consent to the trip.\n\nIf the group is going abroad to perform (for example, in a sports competition) the letter must say:\n\n- all members of the group are amateurs\n\n- they will not get any payment\n\nIf children from more than one organisation are travelling together, you need a supporting letter from each organisation.\n\nThe letter must be signed - digital or photocopied signatures are not accepted.\n\nThe table shows who can supply and sign the supporting letter.\n\n| Type of organisation | Who can supply and sign the supporting letter |\n\n| School | The head teacher, a member of the board of governors or the education authority from each school making up the party |\n\n| Scout or guide group | The assistant county or area commissioner or someone from Association Headquarters |\n\n| Football or rugby club | Someone from the local football association or the league chairperson or secretary |\n\n| Swimming or judo clubs | Someone from the national headquarters |\n\n| Youth orchestras or choirs | Someone from the local education authority, or the vicar for church groups |\n\n| Army or Airforce cadets | The commanding officer or someone from the services authority |\n\n| Clubs or youth clubs | Someone from the local authority where the club is registered, or the national headquarters |\n\n| Registered charities | The director or a person in a similar position in the organisation |\n\n## Getting the passport changed\n\nCheck your passport when it arrives for mistakes. Children cannot travel if they\u2019re not on the passport.\n\n## If you need to amend the passport\n\nSend the passport back to HM Passport Office Collective Passport Applications with a letter explaining the reasons.\n\nIf your trip is postponed but you arrange alternative travel within the same season, you can usually get your passport amended free of charge.\n\nIf several changes are needed (for example, you\u2019re adding lots of names), you have to pay for a new one.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/collective-group-passports", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Some colleagues and I have a collective passport and had intended to go to Prague for the weekend soon. Now one of our members has dropped out.", + "original_question": "Is it necessary to amend the passport now that one member is not coming with us anymore?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1941", + "question": "Scenario: My 71 year old father is coming to live with me for 6 months in the UK. He does not speak English very well. I heard that a test is needed to be done.\n\nQuestion: Will my father need to prove he can speak English?\n\nDocument - Family visas: apply, extend or switch:\n## Overview\n\nYou need a family visa to live with a family member in the UK for more than 6 months.\n\n## Applying from outside the UK\n\nYou can apply for a family visa to live with your:\n\n- spouse or partner\n\n- fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- child\n\n- parent\n\n- relative who\u2019ll provide long-term care for you\n\nIf you\u2019re visiting the UK for 6 months or less, check if you need a Standard Visitor visa or Marriage Visitor visa.\n\n## Extending your family visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay with your family member if you\u2019re already in the UK on a family visa.\n\nYou can extend at any time before your current permission to stay in the UK expires.\n\nIf you\u2019re extending to stay with the same family member, you\u2019ll only get up to 28 days left on your current stay added to your new visa.\n\nYou must live in the UK for a certain amount of time before you\u2019re eligible for settlement (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). Before you extend your visa, check how much time you need to settle in the UK.\n\nYou might be able to apply to stay on the basis of your private life if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for many years already.\n\n## Switching to a family visa\n\nIf you came to the UK on a different visa, you might be able to switch to a family visa to stay with your:\n\n- spouse or partner\n\n- child\n\n- parent\n\nYou can switch at any time before your current permission to stay in the UK expires.\n\n## If you do not meet the rules because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus, you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Fees\n\nHow much it costs depends on how you apply.\n\n| | Apply outside the UK | Apply in the UK |\n\n| Cost if joining your partner, parent or child | \u00a31,523 | \u00a31,033 |\n\n| Cost for each dependant added to your application | \u00a31,523 each person | \u00a31,033 each person |\n\n| Cost for an adult who needs to be looked after by a relative | \u00a33,250 | \u00a31,033 |\n\nLet your bank know that a large amount of money will be coming out of your account - otherwise it might cancel your payment.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou might also need to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from the UK, you may be able to pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a faster decision.\n\nYou cannot use the super priority service if you\u2019re applying as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIf you apply outside the UK a decision will usually be made within 12 weeks.\n\nIf you apply in the UK a decision will usually be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will usually be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nIt might take longer if your application is complex, for example you:\n\n- do not meet the minimum income requirement\n\n- cannot prove your knowledge of English\n\n- need to attend an interview\n\n- have not provided all the evidence that the Home Office needs\n\n- have a criminal conviction or another personal circumstance that needs to be reviewed\n\n## Other ways you can stay\n\n## You were the victim of domestic abuse or your partner died\n\nYou might be able to apply to settle in the UK if you had permission to stay in the UK as a partner when either:\n\n- you were the victim of domestic abuse\n\n- your partner died\n\n## Your family member has refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nYou might be able to apply for \u2018family reunion\u2019 to join a partner or parent who has either:\n\n- refugee status in the UK\n\n- humanitarian protection in the UK\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme. Otherwise you need a visa or family permit to come to the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## When you cannot get a family visa\n\nIn some circumstances you cannot apply for, or switch to, a family visa.\n\n## Your family member has a work visa or student visa\n\nYou cannot apply for a family visa if your family member is in the UK temporarily on a work visa or student visa.\n\nYou can apply to stay with them as a dependant instead.\n\n## You have a visitor visa or a visa for 6 months or less\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to leave the UK to apply for a family visa if either:\n\n- you have permission to be in the UK as a visitor\n\n- your visa is for 6 months or less\n\nHowever, you might be able to switch to a family visa in the UK if you have either:\n\n- a 6-month family visa as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- permission to stay in the UK for the outcome of a family court case or divorce\n\n## Apply as a partner or spouse\n\nTo apply as a partner, you and your partner both need to be 18 or over.\n\nYour partner must also either:\n\n- be a British or Irish citizen\n\n- have settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- have a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nYou and your partner must intend to live together permanently in the UK after you apply.\n\nIf your partner has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for a family permit.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need to prove\n\nYou must be able to prove one of the following:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n- you are a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner and will marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of arriving\n\nIf your wedding or civil ceremony has been delayed because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to request an extension or apply to extend your stay. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\nYou also need to prove you:\n\n- have a good knowledge of English\n\n- can financially support yourself and your dependants\n\nIf you do not meet these requirements you may still be able to apply for a visa or extend your permission to stay if:\n\n- you have a child in the UK who is a British or Irish citizen or has lived in the UK for 7 years and it would be unreasonable for them to leave the UK\n\n- there would be very significant difficulties for you and your partner if you lived together as a couple outside the UK that could not be overcome\n\n- it would breach your human rights to stop you coming to the UK or make you leave\n\n## If you\u2019re applying as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\nYou must prove that:\n\n- any previous marriages or civil partnerships have ended\n\n- you plan to marry or become civil partners within 6 months of arriving in the UK\n\nIf your wedding or civil ceremony has been delayed because of COVID-19, you might still be able to request an extension or apply to extend your stay. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\nYou will not be able to work during your engagement.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years and 9 months on this visa. If you\u2019re applying as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner, you can stay for 6 months.\n\nAfter this you\u2019ll need to apply to extend your stay.\n\n## If you extend or switch to this visa\n\nIf you extend your family visa or switch to this visa you can stay in the UK for 2 years and 6 months.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re in the UK or not.\n\n## Outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online from outside the UK.\n\n## In the UK\n\nYou must apply online in the UK.\n\n## If you cannot pay the fee\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Applying with your children\n\nYou can add children to your application as dependants if both of the following apply:\n\n- they are under 18 when you apply, or were under 18 when they were first granted leave\n\n- they do not live an independent life\n\nYour child is living an independent life if, for example, they\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\n## When you can settle permanently\n\nThe earliest you can apply to settle in the UK (called \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) is after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years continuously on a family visa as a partner.\n\nYou cannot include time you\u2019ve spent in the UK:\n\n- on any other visa\n\n- as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\nThe rules are different if you applied before 9 July 2012.\n\n## If you applied before 9 July 2012\n\nYou can only extend your family visa if all the following are true:\n\n- you were given permission to stay in the UK as a partner before 9 July 2012\n\n- you are not eligible to settle in the UK\n\n- you have not been granted or refused another visa\n\nYou must also prove that:\n\n- you and your partner have enough money to financially support yourself and your dependants without relying on public funds\n\n- you have knowledge of English\n\n## Apply as a parent\n\nYou can apply to live in the UK to care for your child.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible to apply as a partner, you must do that instead of applying as a parent.\n\nYour child must either:\n\n- be under 18 on the date you apply\n\n- have been under 18 when you were first granted leave and not live an independent life\n\nYour child is living an independent life if, for example, they\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\nYour child must be living in the UK. One of the following must also be true:\n\n- they\u2019re a British or Irish citizen\n\n- they\u2019ve settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- they\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- if you\u2019re applying in the UK, they must have lived in the UK for 7 years continuously and it would not be reasonable for them to leave\n\nIf your child has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Parental responsibility\n\nYou need to have sole or shared parental responsibility for your child.\n\nIf you share parental responsibility, the child\u2019s other parent must not be your partner. They must also either:\n\n- be a British or Irish citizen\n\n- have settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\nIf the child lives with their other parent or carer, you must have access to the child in person, as agreed with the other parent or carer or by a court order.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need to prove\n\nYou must be able to prove that you\u2019re taking an active role in your child\u2019s upbringing and you plan to continue after you apply. For example you could provide letters from your child\u2019s:\n\n- school confirming you take them to school or go to parent evenings\n\n- doctor, dentist, or health visitor confirming that you take them to appointments\n\n- other parent confirming how much contact you have with your child\n\nIf you provide a letter from the other parent, you\u2019ll need to include proof of their identity. This should be an official document which has their signature on it, for example a copy of their passport, tax return or photocard driving licence.\n\n## English language and financial requirements\n\nYou must also prove you:\n\n- have a good knowledge of English\n\n- can financially support yourself without claiming public funds\n\nIf your child or any other dependants live with you, you must also prove you can financially support them without claiming public funds.\n\nIf you do not meet the English language and financial requirements you can still extend your permission to stay if:\n\n- your child in the UK is a British or Irish citizen or has lived in the UK for 7 years\n\n- it would be unreasonable for them to leave the UK\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years and 9 months on this visa. After this you\u2019ll need to apply to extend your stay.\n\nIf you extend your family visa or switch to this visa you can stay in the UK for 2 years and 6 months.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re in the UK or not.\n\n## Outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online outside the UK. You must also complete Appendix 5.\n\n## In the UK\n\nYou must apply online in the UK.\n\nIf you cannot afford to pay the fee, you must also apply online to waive the fee. You might not have to pay the fee if you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\nRead the guidance for parents before applying.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Applying with other children\n\nYou can add other children to your application as dependants if one of the following applies:\n\n- they are under 18 on the date you apply\n\n- they were under 18 when they were first granted leave on a family visa and do not live an independent life\n\n## When you can settle permanently\n\nThe earliest you can apply to settle in the UK (called \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) is after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years continuously on a family visa as a parent.\n\nYou cannot include time you\u2019ve spent in the UK on any other visa.\n\nThe rules are different if you applied before 9 July 2012.\n\n## Apply as a child\n\nYou can apply for a family visa to join your parent in the UK.\n\nYou may not need a family visa if at least one of your parents has indefinite leave to remain or proof of permanent residence. Check if you can apply to settle in the UK.\n\nIf your parent has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## You were born in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll get the same permission to stay as your parent if you were born in the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou can either:\n\n- be added to your parent\u2019s next application as a dependant\n\n- apply separately\n\nTo apply separately, you\u2019ll need to know what kind of permission to stay in the UK (\u2018limited leave to remain\u2019) your parent has.\n\n## If you\u2019re over 18\n\nYour parent can only include you in their application as a dependant if you:\n\n- got permission to come to or stay in the UK (\u2018leave to enter or remain\u2019) on a family visa when you were under 18\n\n- do not live an independent life\n\n- are applying from inside the UK\n\nYou\u2019re living an independent life if, for example, you\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\n## You were born outside the UK\n\nWhether you can apply depends on your age and how your parent applied.\n\n## If you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou must:\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or living an independent life\n\n- be financially supported without claiming public funds\n\nOne of your parents must also be applying or have applied for a visa or to extend their permission to stay as a:\n\n- partner - and the partner they\u2019re joining is your other parent\n\n- parent - and they have sole parental responsibility for you\n\nOtherwise, you might still be eligible to apply if there are serious reasons to let you come to, or stay in the UK and there are plans for your care.\n\n## If you\u2019re over 18\n\nYour parent can include you in their application as a dependant, or you can apply separately yourself. You can only apply if you:\n\n- got permission to stay in the UK (\u2018leave to remain\u2019) on a family visa when you were under 18\n\n- do not live an independent life\n\nYou\u2019re living an independent life if, for example, you\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\nIf your parent cannot include you in their form and you\u2019re in the UK, you may be eligible to apply for Private Life in the UK (10-year route).\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\n## Apply at the same time as your parent\n\nWhich form you need to fill in depends on whether your parent is applying to enter the UK as the partner of one of the following:\n\n- a British or Irish citizen\n\n- a person with indefinite leave to remain\n\n- a person settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- a person from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein who has pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- a person with a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- a person with refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nIf they are applying as one of these, you must fill in the Appendix FM online form.\n\nIf they are not, you must fill in both:\n\n- the online application form\n\n- the Appendix 1 paper form\n\n## Apply separately\n\nWhich form you need to fill in depends on whether your parent has leave to enter or remain in the UK on a 5 or 10-year route to settlement as the partner of:\n\n- a British or Irish citizen\n\n- a person with indefinite leave to remain\n\n- a person settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- a person from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein who has pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- a person with a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- a person with refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nIf they do, you must fill in the Appendix FM online form.\n\nIf they do not, you must fill in both:\n\n- the online application form\n\n- the Appendix 1 paper form\n\n## Apply from the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nIf you\u2019re already in the UK, you must apply online.\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\nYou can also check if you\u2019re eligible for a different type of visa.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Apply as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative\n\nYou must be outside the UK to apply and need long-term care from a parent, grandchild, brother, sister, son or daughter who is living permanently in the UK.\n\nOne of the following must also apply to the relative:\n\n- they\u2019re a British or Irish citizen\n\n- they\u2019ve settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- they\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- they have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nIf your family member has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for a family permit.\n\nYou must prove all of the following:\n\n- you need long-term care to do everyday personal and household tasks because of illness, disability or your age\n\n- the care you need is not available or affordable in the country you live in\n\n- the person you\u2019ll be joining in the UK will be able to support, accommodate and care for you without claiming public funds for at least 5 years\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n## How long you can stay for\n\nHow long you can stay depends on the status of your family member.\n\n## If your family member is British, Irish or settled in the UK\n\nYour stay is unlimited. You will not need to apply to extend or settle.\n\n## If your family member has pre-settled status\n\nThey must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021. You can stay as long as your family member stays. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or settle when they do.\n\n## If your family member has refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nYou can stay as long as your family member stays. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or settle when they do.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nYou must apply as an adult dependent relative online and complete Appendix 1.\n\n## Apply to extend your stay\n\nApply online to extend your stay in the UK.\n\n## Apply on the basis of your private life\n\nYou can only apply on the basis of your private life if you\u2019re already living in the UK.\n\nYou must be able to prove that you\u2019re:\n\n- under 18 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously for at least 7 years, and it would be unreasonable to expect you to leave the UK\n\n- between 18 and 24 and you\u2019ve lived continuously in the UK for more than half your life\n\n- 18 or over, have spent less than 20 years in the UK and would have very significant problems living in the country you\u2019d have to go to - for example, you do not speak the language and could not learn it\n\n- 25 or over and you\u2019ve been in the UK continuously for 20 years\n\nYour family members can apply on the same application - you\u2019ll be considered separately.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\n## If you cannot pay the application fee\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot afford to pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.\n\n## When you do not need to prove it\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English or take a test if one of the following is true:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a child\n\n- you\u2019re applying as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK on a family visa for 5 years and you\u2019re extending it as a partner or parent\n\n- you\u2019re over 65\n\n- you have a physical or mental condition that prevents you from meeting the requirement\n\nYou also will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## How to prove your knowledge of English\n\nYou can prove it with an academic qualification, or by taking a test.\n\n## Academic qualifications\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English if you have a degree or academic qualification that was taught or researched in English.\n\nIf your qualification is from a UK university or college, you only need your degree certificate.\n\n## If your qualification is from a university or college outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certificate from Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to show that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree or higher and that it was taught in English.\n\nThere are 2 kinds of certificate:\n\n- a statement of comparability\n\n- a visa and nationality statement\n\nYou need a statement of comparability if you got your qualification from a university or college in one of these countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Ireland\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\nIf you got your qualification from a university or college in any other country, you need a visa and nationality statement.\n\n## Take an approved English language test\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by passing an approved English language test.\n\nYou must pass at least level A1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale for your first visa application. You can choose to take a higher level test.\n\nIf you pass level B1 level or higher, the test will be accepted if it\u2019s still on the list of approved English language tests when you apply for settlement after 5 years.\n\nIf you cannot take an English language test because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to apply for an exemption. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## If you want to settle permanently in the UK within 5 years\n\nYou may have to pass a higher CEFR level if you want to stay in the UK after 2.5 years. What you need to do depends on what CEFR level you passed for your first visa.\n\nIf you passed:\n\n- level A1 you\u2019ll need to pass level A2 in speaking and listening\n\n- level A2, B1, B2, C1 or C2 you can use the test again for your application if it\u2019s still on the list of approved English language tests\n\nIf you were given an exemption, you\u2019ll need to pass a test at level A1.\n\nRead the English language requirement: family members guidance.\n\n## Give proof of your income\n\nYou and your partner must have a combined income of at least \u00a318,600 a year if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a partner\n\n- you want to settle in the UK (get \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) within 5 years\n\nYou must prove you have extra money if you have children who:\n\n- are not British or Irish citizens\n\n- do not have pre-settled status\n\n- are not permanently settled in the UK\n\nYou might not need to prove you have extra money if your children are citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland and they do not have pre-settled status or are not permanently settled in the UK. Check the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information.\n\nIf you need to prove extra money for your children, you\u2019ll need to earn an extra:\n\n- \u00a33,800 for your first child\n\n- \u00a32,400 for each child you have after your first child\n\nThis is called the \u2018minimum income requirement\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to use your savings instead of income.\n\nHow you prove you have the money depends on how you got the income.\n\nIf you\u2019ve experienced a loss of income because of coronavirus (COVID-19), for example if you\u2019ve been furloughed or you\u2019re self employed, you might still be able to apply. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## What counts as income\n\nYou and your partner can use:\n\n- income from employment before tax and National Insurance (check your P60 or payslips) - you can only use your own income if you earn it in the UK\n\n- income you earn from self-employment or as a director of a limited company in the UK - check your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- cash savings above \u00a316,000\n\n- money from a pension\n\n- non-work income, for example from property rentals or dividends\n\nIf you\u2019re using income from self-employment or employment, you\u2019ll need to prove you or your partner received that income for 6 months or more.\n\n## What proof you need to give\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide proof of your income with your application. If you or your partner are employed, you could include:\n\n- bank statements showing you or your partner\u2019s income\n\n- 6 months of payslips\n\n- a letter from an employer, dated and on headed paper\n\nThe employer\u2019s letter should confirm:\n\n- you or your partner are employed there\n\n- the job title or position you or your partner hold\n\n- how long you or your partner have worked there\n\n- the type of contract (for example, permanent, fixed term)\n\n- what you or your partner earn before tax and National Insurance\n\n- how long you or your partner have been paid your current salary\n\n- the payslips are genuine\n\nYou\u2019ll be told exactly what documents to provide when you apply online.\n\nCheck the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement if:\n\n- you or your partner\u2019s income is more complicated\n\n- you or your partner have taken maternity or paternity leave in the last 6 months\n\n- you want to combine different income sources\n\nThe detailed guidance also explains the evidence you need to provide for each of the types of income you\u2019re relying on.\n\n## If you cannot meet the minimum income requirement\n\nYou need to show you and your partner meet the minimum income requirement if you want to settle in 5 years as a partner.\n\nIf you do not meet the requirement, you may be able to settle in 10 years.\n\n## When you do not need to meet the income requirement\n\nYou may be able to settle in 5 years without meeting the minimum income requirement if either:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a parent\n\n- you get certain benefits, for example Disability Living Allowance or Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nYou need to show you and your family have enough money to adequately support and accommodate yourselves without relying on public funds. The caseworker considers your income and housing costs.\n\nCheck the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information\n\n## Information you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have information and some evidence ready when you make your application. Include information for you and any dependants applying at the same time.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- all your names\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your current passport or other valid travel ID\n\n- copies of the photo page and any visa or entry stamps in your previous passports\n\n- a copy of your biometric residence permit, if you have one\n\n- details of any previous immigration applications you\u2019ve made\n\n- details of any criminal convictions\n\n- your national insurance number, if you have one\n\n- your parents\u2019 date of birth and nationality if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a certified translation of any document that is not in English or Welsh\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa if you\u2019re applying outside the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need an email address to make an online application.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to:\n\n- give proof of your finances\n\n- prove your knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances - for example a sponsorship form from your family member in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to provide your documents when you apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to provide specified documents because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Your partner\u2019s details\n\nIf you have a partner, you\u2019ll be asked about their:\n\n- name\n\n- date of birth\n\n- nationality\n\n- passport\n\n- right to be in the UK, for example they\u2019re a British citizen\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to give details of:\n\n- any people your partner was previously married to, in a civil partnership with or had children with\n\n- evidence of marriages ending, for example a divorce certificate\n\n- anyone your partner supports with money, for example their parents\n\n## Proof of relationship\n\nIf you\u2019re applying as a spouse or partner, you\u2019ll be asked about:\n\n- your relationship with your partner, for example how you met and how often you see each other\n\n- how long you\u2019ve lived together - you\u2019ll need to provide proof like council tax bills\n\n- things you pay for together\n\n- whether you\u2019re your partner\u2019s carer\n\n## Your previous partners\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include details of anyone you previously married or had children with. Include evidence of marriages ending, for example a divorce certificate.\n\n## Children\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of your children (and your partner\u2019s children if you have one). You\u2019ll be asked about all children, even if they\u2019re not applying.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of:\n\n- their name\n\n- their nationality\n\n- their date of birth\n\n- their passport details\n\n- who the child normally lives with\n\n- any other people with parental responsibility for your child, for example your step children\u2019s other parents\n\n- how you\u2019re involved in their day to day life\n\n- arrangements you have to see the child - for example the courts have granted you access\n\n- the child\u2019s extended family\n\n- any countries your child has visited or lived in\n\n## Your life outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of:\n\n- countries outside the UK you\u2019ve lived in and visited\n\n- family and friends in the countries where you were born or have nationality\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to attend an appointment to provide your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo). You\u2019ll be told how to make an appointment when you apply.\n\n## Getting your documents back\n\nYou can ask for your passport and other documents to be returned if you\u2019ve provided them with your application but need them urgently.\n\nYou might have to cancel your application to get your documents back.\n\n## If your application is approved\n\nYou\u2019ll get a biometric residence permit.\n\nYou can:\n\n- work\n\n- study\n\nYou cannot work or study if you\u2019re applying for a visa or extending your stay to get married or become civil partners.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- usually get benefits or other public funds for you or your dependants\n\n- apply to settle in the UK until you\u2019re eligible", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-family-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My 71 year old father is coming to live with me for 6 months in the UK. He does not speak English very well. I heard that a test is needed to be done.", + "original_question": "Will my father need to prove he can speak English?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1942", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 37 year old planning on visiting the UK for 6 weeks. I have \u00a310,000 in savings and a valid passport.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa?\n\nDocument - Permitted Paid Engagement visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be able to visit the UK for a paid engagement if you\u2019ve been invited as an expert in your profession.\n\nYou can apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa if you:\n\n- are invited by a UK-based organisation or client\n\n- want to come to the UK to do specific paid work without having to be sponsored under the points-based visa system\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality.\n\nCheck if you need to apply for a UK visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can be invited by a UK-based organisation or client to:\n\n- be a student examiner or assessor\n\n- take part in selection panels as a highly qualified academic if you\u2019re invited by an education, arts or research organisation\n\n- give lectures at a higher education institution, as long as it\u2019s not a part-time or full-time role\n\n- examine UK-based pilots so they meet the standards of the country you come from if you\u2019re invited by an approved UK training organisation regulated by the UK Civil Aviation Authority\n\n- provide advocacy in a particular area of law\n\n- take part in arts, entertainment or sporting activities including broadcasting\n\n- take part in fashion modelling assignments\n\nYou can also do minor activities related to your work or business overseas, such as attend meetings.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- do paid work unrelated to your main job or area of expertise at home, other than what\u2019s allowed by your visa\n\n- extend this visa or switch to another visa\n\n- live in the UK for extended periods\n\n- get public funds (benefits)\n\n- study\n\n- marry or register a civil partnership, or give notice of marriage or civil partnership\n\n- bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you on your application - they must apply separately\n\nRead the guidance for more information about what you can and cannot do with a Permitted Paid Engagement visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 1 month.\n\n## When to apply and how long it takes\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you come to the UK.\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your \napplication.\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\n## Fees\n\nA Permitted Paid Engagement visa costs \u00a395.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must show that:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019re visiting the UK for no more than 1 month\n\n- you\u2019ve been formally invited and paid by a UK-based organisation to attend an event or other permitted engagement\n\n- you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit\n\n- you will not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home\n\n- you\u2019re able to support yourself during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)\n\n- you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)\n\n- you have proof of any business or other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules\n\n## Documents you'll need\n\nWhen you apply you must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel document - your passport must have a blank page for your visa\n\n- a formal invitation from the UK-based organisation or client you\u2019ll be paid by\n\n- proof that the paid engagement relates to your expertise, qualifications and main job in your home country, for example a letter from your employer\n\nSee the full list of documents you can provide to prove your eligibility.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\n## Additional documents\n\nYou must provide extra documents if you\u2019re an established arts, entertainment or sporting professional. You can provide any of the following:\n\n- publications\n\n- publicity material\n\n- proof of awards\n\n- media coverage and reviews\n\n- proof of recent performances\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you travel to the UK.\n\nCheck what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\n## Apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Apply with family members\n\nEach family member must make their own application and pay the fee.\n\nYou can apply on behalf of your partner and child, if they cannot apply for themselves.\n\nThey must attend their own appointment at a visa application centre.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 37 year old planning on visiting the UK for 6 weeks. I have \u00a310,000 in savings and a valid passport.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1943", + "question": "Scenario: i've been invited to the UK for 3 weeks. I'm 33 and my younger brother would love to join me. he's never been to the UK before and it would be lovely for him.\n\nQuestion: Can I bring my brother along with my application?\n\nDocument - Permitted Paid Engagement visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be able to visit the UK for a paid engagement if you\u2019ve been invited as an expert in your profession.\n\nYou can apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa if you:\n\n- are invited by a UK-based organisation or client\n\n- want to come to the UK to do specific paid work without having to be sponsored under the points-based visa system\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality.\n\nCheck if you need to apply for a UK visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can be invited by a UK-based organisation or client to:\n\n- be a student examiner or assessor\n\n- take part in selection panels as a highly qualified academic if you\u2019re invited by an education, arts or research organisation\n\n- give lectures at a higher education institution, as long as it\u2019s not a part-time or full-time role\n\n- examine UK-based pilots so they meet the standards of the country you come from if you\u2019re invited by an approved UK training organisation regulated by the UK Civil Aviation Authority\n\n- provide advocacy in a particular area of law\n\n- take part in arts, entertainment or sporting activities including broadcasting\n\n- take part in fashion modelling assignments\n\nYou can also do minor activities related to your work or business overseas, such as attend meetings.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- do paid work unrelated to your main job or area of expertise at home, other than what\u2019s allowed by your visa\n\n- extend this visa or switch to another visa\n\n- live in the UK for extended periods\n\n- get public funds (benefits)\n\n- study\n\n- marry or register a civil partnership, or give notice of marriage or civil partnership\n\n- bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you on your application - they must apply separately\n\nRead the guidance for more information about what you can and cannot do with a Permitted Paid Engagement visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 1 month.\n\n## When to apply and how long it takes\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you come to the UK.\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your \napplication.\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\n## Fees\n\nA Permitted Paid Engagement visa costs \u00a395.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must show that:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019re visiting the UK for no more than 1 month\n\n- you\u2019ve been formally invited and paid by a UK-based organisation to attend an event or other permitted engagement\n\n- you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit\n\n- you will not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home\n\n- you\u2019re able to support yourself during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)\n\n- you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)\n\n- you have proof of any business or other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules\n\n## Documents you'll need\n\nWhen you apply you must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel document - your passport must have a blank page for your visa\n\n- a formal invitation from the UK-based organisation or client you\u2019ll be paid by\n\n- proof that the paid engagement relates to your expertise, qualifications and main job in your home country, for example a letter from your employer\n\nSee the full list of documents you can provide to prove your eligibility.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\n## Additional documents\n\nYou must provide extra documents if you\u2019re an established arts, entertainment or sporting professional. You can provide any of the following:\n\n- publications\n\n- publicity material\n\n- proof of awards\n\n- media coverage and reviews\n\n- proof of recent performances\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you travel to the UK.\n\nCheck what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\n## Apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Apply with family members\n\nEach family member must make their own application and pay the fee.\n\nYou can apply on behalf of your partner and child, if they cannot apply for themselves.\n\nThey must attend their own appointment at a visa application centre.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "i've been invited to the UK for 3 weeks. I'm 33 and my younger brother would love to join me. he's never been to the UK before and it would be lovely for him.", + "original_question": "Can I bring my brother along with my application?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1944", + "question": "Scenario: I am a US citizen and my nine year old son has been offered a place at an Independent school in the UK. I am willing to spend a year in th UK with him. We are financially solvent.\n\nQuestion: My child has a visa already but I need a parent of child visa. Am I eligible?\n\nDocument - Parent of a Child Student visa:\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can only apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa if your child has or is applying for a Child Student visa. Or if they currently have a Tier 4 (Child) visa.\n\nYour child must be aged between 4 and 11 when you apply, and be attending an independent school in the UK.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK\n\n- have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK\n\n- maintain your main home outside the UK\n\n- plan to leave the UK when your visa expires\n\n## Bringing family members with you\n\nTo be eligible for a Parent of a Child Student visa you must be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK. The child\u2019s other parent must live abroad, and cannot apply to join you in the UK.\n\nYou can bring your other children with you if they also have or are applying for a Child Student visa.\n\nYou cannot bring other family members with you on this visa. They may be able to apply to come to the UK on a short-term visit visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to come to the UK for more than 6 months. The earliest your Parent of a Child Student visa will start from is 1 January 2021.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK until your child\u2019s visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.\n\nYou can extend your visa while in the UK as long as you meet the eligibility requirements.\n\n## If you leave the UK\n\nIf your child is staying in education in the UK without you, you must make arrangements for their ongoing care. For example, if your child turns 12 and their visa is still valid, they may be able to start boarding at their current school, or live with other family members in the UK.\n\n## What you cannot do\n\nWhile you\u2019re in the UK on a Parent of a Child Student visa, you cannot:\n\n- do paid work\n\n- study\n\n- start a business\n\n- make the UK your main home\n\n- apply for benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- bring other family members with you\n\n- switch to a different type of visa\n\n## Money you need\n\nWhen you apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa, you must:\n\n- pay the application fee\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay\n\n- prove that you have enough money to support yourself and your child while you\u2019re in the UK\n\n## Visa application fee\n\nA Parent of a Child Student visa costs \u00a3516.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online application. It usually costs \u00a3624 per year.\n\nThis is so you can use the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll need to pay before you apply.\n\nYou pay the surcharge as part of your online visa application.\n\n## Money to support yourself and your child\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that you have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need \u00a31,560 for each month of your stay up to a maximum of 9 months. This amount is to support both you and your child.\n\nFor example, if you\u2019re staying for 9 months or longer you\u2019ll need to prove you have \u00a314,040 (9 months \u00d7 \u00a31,560).\n\n## If you want to bring your other children\n\nYou\u2019ll need an extra \u00a3625 per month, up to a maximum of 9 months, for each additional child that accompanies you to the UK. They must be a sibling of your other child and also have a Child Student visa.\n\n## If you\u2019re extending your visa\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa, you do not need to prove you have money to support yourself and your child for your visa application.\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel document\n\n- proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa\n\n- evidence that you have a permanent home outside the UK\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test\n\n- a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Parent of a Child Student visa before you travel to the UK.\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 6 months before you travel to the UK.\n\nCheck what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Apply online\n\nAs part of your online application, you will need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply online\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa while in the UK as long as you and your child meet the eligibility requirements. This includes if your child currently has a Tier 4 (Child) student visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nWhen you extend your visa you can stay in the UK until the date your child\u2019s student visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.\n\n## When to apply to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you get a decision on your visa application.\n\n## Apply to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point. At the appointment you must provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo). It costs \u00a319.20.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply to extend\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 8 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\nIf you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a US citizen and my nine year old son has been offered a place at an Independent school in the UK. I am willing to spend a year in th UK with him. We are financially solvent.", + "original_question": "My child has a visa already but I need a parent of child visa. Am I eligible?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1950", + "question": "Scenario: I am 30 and currently live in the UK with a Youth Mobility Scheme visa. I will be turning to 31 in the next month and I am wondering if I will have to leave the country. My visa won't expire until next year.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to leave the country before I turning to 31?\n\nDocument - Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you:\n\n- want to live and work in the UK for up to 2 years\n\n- are aged 18 to 30\n\n- have \u00a32,530 in savings\n\n- have certain types of British Nationality or are from certain countries or territories\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Youth Mobility Scheme) visa.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 6 months before you travel.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3244 to apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a visa to live and work in the UK for up to 24 months.\n\nYou can enter the UK at any time while your visa is valid, and leave and come back at any time during your stay.\n\nIf you turn 31 while you\u2019re in the UK, you can stay for as long as your visa is valid.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate\n\n- work in most jobs\n\n- be self-employed and set up a company - as long as your premises are rented, your equipment is not worth more than \u00a35,000 and you do not have any employees\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- work as a professional sportsperson (for example as a coach)\n\n- extend your stay\n\n- get public funds\n\n- bring in family members on your application - they must apply separately\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for a Youth Mobility Scheme visa (T5) if you\u2019re aged 18 to 30 and you\u2019re from:\n\n- Australia\n\n- Canada\n\n- Monaco\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- San Marino\n\nYou must be selected in the Youth Mobility Scheme ballot before you can apply for your visa if you\u2019re from:\n\n- Hong Kong\n\n- Japan\n\n- South Korea\n\n- Taiwan\n\nYou must also be aged 18 to 30 on the date you apply for your visa.\n\nYou can also apply if you\u2019re 18 to 30 and a:\n\n- British overseas citizen\n\n- British overseas territories citizen\n\n- British national (overseas)\n\nYou cannot apply if you have:\n\n- children under the age of 18 who live with you\n\n- children you\u2019re financially responsible for\n\n- already been in the UK under the scheme\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a32,530 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show proof of this when you apply.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- a bank statement showing you have at least \u00a32,530 in savings\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the Youth Mobility Scheme guidance before you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re from Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea or Taiwan, you must be successfully selected in the Youth Mobility Scheme ballot before you can apply for your visa.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## If you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/youth-mobility", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 30 and currently live in the UK with a Youth Mobility Scheme visa. I will be turning to 31 in the next month and I am wondering if I will have to leave the country. My visa won't expire until next year.", + "original_question": "Do I need to leave the country before I turning to 31?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1951", + "question": "Scenario: I am 26 and planning on applying for a start-up visa for my new business in the UK. I speak fluent English. I have a valid passport but all the pages are full.\n\nQuestion: Can I use my current passport for my application?\n\nDocument - Start-up visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Start-up visa if:\n\n- you want to set up an innovative business in the UK - it must be something that\u2019s different from anything else on the market\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\n## If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be endorsed by an authorised body that is either:\n\n- a UK higher education institution\n\n- a business organisation with a history of supporting UK entrepreneurs\n\nYou must be able to show that your business idea is:\n\n- a new idea - you cannot join in a business that is already trading\n\n- innovative - you must have an original business idea which is different from anything else on the market\n\n- viable - it has potential for growth\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible for a Start-up visa\n\nYou may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for 2 years if you either:\n\n- come to the UK on a Start-up visa\n\n- switch to this visa from another visa while in the UK\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou cannot apply to extend this visa.\n\nYou may be able to switch to an Innovator visa if you set up a business while on a Start-up visa and:\n\n- your endorsing body assessed and agreed it\n\n- it is active, trading and sustainable\n\n- you have day to day involvement in it\n\n## If your endorsement is withdrawn\n\nYour visa may be cut short if your endorsement is withdrawn by the endorsing body. If you want to stay longer, you must re-apply with a new endorsement before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can only stay for a total of 2 years even if you\u2019re granted a new visa with a new endorsement.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nYou can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:\n\n- 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\nIf you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nHow much you pay for a Start-up visa depends on your situation and where you apply from.\n\n| Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply (outside the UK) | Switch (in the UK) |\n\n| Yourself | \u00a3363 | \u00a3493 |\n\n| Your partner and children | \u00a3363 each person | \u00a3493 each person |\n\nYou must pay the visa fee for each person that applies at the same time as you or applies later to join you in the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to switch in the UK\n\nYou may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith a Start-up visa you can:\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\n- work in another job, as well as working for your business\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\nYou can also switch to this visa from some other visa categories.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- work as a professional sportsperson, for example a sports coach\n\n- settle in the UK on this visa\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Start-up visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nBefore you apply you need to have your business or business idea assessed by an endorsing body.\n\nThey will provide you with an endorsement letter if your business is viable.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be at least 18 years old\n\n- meet the English language requirement\n\n- be able to prove that you have enough personal savings to support yourself while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nRead the specific requirements for the Start-up visa before you apply.\n\n## Supporting yourself\n\nYou need to have had at least \u00a31270 in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply, or if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than a year and applying to switch to this visa.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.\n\n## Level of English\n\nYou must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to a level B2 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by:\n\n- passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider\n\n- having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18\n\n- having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply for confirmation through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\n## Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you need to provide an \u2018endorsement letter\u2019 to show that an endorsing body has assessed your business.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- bank statements showing you\u2019ve had at least \u00a31270 in savings in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply\n\n- proof that you meet the English language requirement\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Start-up visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply for a Start-up visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must each have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nIn addition to the \u00a31,270 you must have to support yourself, you - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have had the money in your bank account or your dependant\u2019s bank account for at least 28 days before you or they apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless you or they are applying from inside the UK and you\u2019ve been here for 1 year or more.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must either:\n\n- apply online as a partner\n\n- apply online as a child\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. This is to get a biometric residence permit, which they\u2019ll need to collect within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (switch)\n\nApply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children will not be able to apply to switch to a Start-up visa if they are currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and child must apply online to either:\n\n- switch to a Start-up visa as your partner\n\n- switch to a Start-up visa as your child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## Getting a faster decision\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Start-up visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply to switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements.\n\n## Who cannot apply to switch to this visa\n\nYou cannot switch to this visa if you have one of the following:\n\n- a visit visa\n\n- a short-term student visa\n\n- a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- a seasonal worker visa\n\n- a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- immigration bail\n\n- permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\nYou must leave the UK and make your application from abroad if you\u2019re here on a different type of visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years on a Start-up visa. Any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa counts as part of the 2 years.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nCheck the visa application fees.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.\n\n## Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply to switch to a Start-up visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/start-up-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 26 and planning on applying for a start-up visa for my new business in the UK. I speak fluent English. I have a valid passport but all the pages are full.", + "original_question": "Can I use my current passport for my application?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1952", + "question": "Scenario: I'm a 32 year old Australian looking to apply for a start-up visa in the UK. I have \u00a33500 in my account and it has been there for 26 consecutive days.\n\nQuestion: Can i apply for my visa yet?\n\nDocument - Start-up visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Start-up visa if:\n\n- you want to set up an innovative business in the UK - it must be something that\u2019s different from anything else on the market\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\n## If you\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must be endorsed by an authorised body that is either:\n\n- a UK higher education institution\n\n- a business organisation with a history of supporting UK entrepreneurs\n\nYou must be able to show that your business idea is:\n\n- a new idea - you cannot join in a business that is already trading\n\n- innovative - you must have an original business idea which is different from anything else on the market\n\n- viable - it has potential for growth\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible for a Start-up visa\n\nYou may be eligible for another type of visa to work in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for 2 years if you either:\n\n- come to the UK on a Start-up visa\n\n- switch to this visa from another visa while in the UK\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou cannot apply to extend this visa.\n\nYou may be able to switch to an Innovator visa if you set up a business while on a Start-up visa and:\n\n- your endorsing body assessed and agreed it\n\n- it is active, trading and sustainable\n\n- you have day to day involvement in it\n\n## If your endorsement is withdrawn\n\nYour visa may be cut short if your endorsement is withdrawn by the endorsing body. If you want to stay longer, you must re-apply with a new endorsement before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can only stay for a total of 2 years even if you\u2019re granted a new visa with a new endorsement.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- outside the UK and are coming to the UK\n\n- inside the UK and switching from a different visa\n\nYou can include your partner and children in your application to stay in the UK if they are eligible.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within:\n\n- 3 weeks, if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\n- 8 weeks, if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\nIf you need to go to an appointment, you may be able to pay for a faster decision. How you do this depends on whether you\u2019re outside the UK or inside the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nHow much you pay for a Start-up visa depends on your situation and where you apply from.\n\n| Who you\u2019re applying for | Apply (outside the UK) | Switch (in the UK) |\n\n| Yourself | \u00a3363 | \u00a3493 |\n\n| Your partner and children | \u00a3363 each person | \u00a3493 each person |\n\nYou must pay the visa fee for each person that applies at the same time as you or applies later to join you in the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to switch in the UK\n\nYou may need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith a Start-up visa you can:\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\n- work in another job, as well as working for your business\n\n- travel abroad and return to the UK\n\nYou can also switch to this visa from some other visa categories.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- work as a professional sportsperson, for example a sports coach\n\n- settle in the UK on this visa\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Start-up visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nBefore you apply you need to have your business or business idea assessed by an endorsing body.\n\nThey will provide you with an endorsement letter if your business is viable.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be at least 18 years old\n\n- meet the English language requirement\n\n- be able to prove that you have enough personal savings to support yourself while you\u2019re in the UK\n\nRead the specific requirements for the Start-up visa before you apply.\n\n## Supporting yourself\n\nYou need to have had at least \u00a31270 in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply, or if you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than a year and applying to switch to this visa.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply, unless you did this in a previous successful visa application.\n\n## Level of English\n\nYou must prove you can read, write, speak and understand English to a level B2 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale.\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by:\n\n- passing a Secure English Language Test (SELT) from an approved provider\n\n- having a GCSE, A level, Scottish National Qualification level 4 or 5, Scottish Higher or Advanced Higher in English gained through study at a UK school that you began when you were under 18\n\n- having a degree-level academic qualification that was taught in English - if you studied abroad, you\u2019ll need to apply for confirmation through Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree, master\u2019s degree or PhD\n\n## Who does not need to prove their knowledge of English\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you need to provide an \u2018endorsement letter\u2019 to show that an endorsing body has assessed your business.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- bank statements showing you\u2019ve had at least \u00a31270 in savings in your bank account for 28 consecutive days before you apply\n\n- proof that you meet the English language requirement\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh you\u2019ll also need to provide a certified translation.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a blank page in your passport for your visa if you\u2019re:\n\n- from outside the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\n- from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein but do not have a biometric passport with a chip in it\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Start-up visa.\n\nCheck which documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\n## Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply for a Start-up visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide 2 of the following documents confirming their address:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must each have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nIn addition to the \u00a31,270 you must have to support yourself, you - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have had the money in your bank account or your dependant\u2019s bank account for at least 28 days before you or they apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless you or they are applying from inside the UK and you\u2019ve been here for 1 year or more.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must either:\n\n- apply online as a partner\n\n- apply online as a child\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. This is to get a biometric residence permit, which they\u2019ll need to collect within 10 days of when they said they\u2019d arrive in the UK.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (switch)\n\nApply for your partner or child\u2019s visa at the same time as you switch your own visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children will not be able to apply to switch to a Start-up visa if they are currently in the UK in one of the following circumstances:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and child must apply online to either:\n\n- switch to a Start-up visa as your partner\n\n- switch to a Start-up visa as your child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide their biometric information (fingerprints and a photo).\n\nThey\u2019ll also need to submit their supporting documents. They can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at their UKVCAS appointment\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## Getting a faster decision\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou might be able to apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Start-up visa if you\u2019re already in the UK on a different type of visa.\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply to switch to this visa if you meet the eligibility requirements.\n\n## Who cannot apply to switch to this visa\n\nYou cannot switch to this visa if you have one of the following:\n\n- a visit visa\n\n- a short-term student visa\n\n- a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- a seasonal worker visa\n\n- a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- immigration bail\n\n- permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\nYou must leave the UK and make your application from abroad if you\u2019re here on a different type of visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years on a Start-up visa. Any time you\u2019ve already spent in the UK on a Tier 1 (Graduate Entrepreneur) visa counts as part of the 2 years.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nCheck the visa application fees.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for less than 1 year, you\u2019ll also need to prove you have enough money to support yourself.\n\n## Proving your identity and supplying supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and what type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign into your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nIf you do need an appointment:\n\n- the centre may need to keep your passport and documents while they process your application\n\n- you may have to travel to get to your nearest visa application centre (this could be in another country)\n\n## Apply to switch to a Start-up visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nStart now\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example:\n\n- if you\u2019re applying with a family member who needs an appointment but you do not\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nIf you\u2019ve applied through a visa application centre, find out if you can pay to get a faster decision - this depends on where you\u2019re applying from.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied you can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/start-up-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I'm a 32 year old Australian looking to apply for a start-up visa in the UK. I have \u00a33500 in my account and it has been there for 26 consecutive days.", + "original_question": "Can i apply for my visa yet?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1955", + "question": "Scenario: I am a musician, who is well known for his game music. I am looking to move to the UK to work for a video game's company. I have \u00a312,000 in savings, and I will be earning \u00a340,000 for the five months of work.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible for a Creative and Sporting visa?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou must apply for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if:\n\n- you\u2019ve been offered work in the UK as a sports person or creative worker\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nA creative worker is someone who works in the creative industry, for example an actor, dancer, musician or film crew member.\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed employer before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can come to the UK for a maximum of up to 12 months, or the time given in your certificate of sponsorship plus up to 28 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou may be able to extend your visa.\n\nYour stay must start no more than 14 days before the start date on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nIf you intend to work in the UK for 3 months or less, you may be able to use the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession instead of applying for the visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition\n\n- work as a sports broadcaster\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start your own business\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour eligibility for a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) depends on whether you\u2019re a sports person or a creative worker.\n\n## Sports person\n\nYou need to make a significant contribution to your sport at the highest level in the UK to be eligible for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need all of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Creative worker\n\nYou need all of the following to be eligible for the creative category:\n\n- make a unique contribution to the UK labour market, for example you\u2019re internationally renowned or are required for continuity\n\n- certificate of sponsorship reference number\n\n- be paid the minimum salary as set by Equity, PACT or BECTU (except for models, musicians or circuses)\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nYou need a licensed sponsor to give you a certificate of sponsorship before you can apply to work in the UK.\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.\n\nThey must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example how much you\u2019ll be paid.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Changing your sponsor\n\nYou must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\nChanging your sponsor does not change how long you can stay in the UK. You can only stay the maximum length of time allowed by this visa.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor needs to give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship if you need to leave and come back to the UK as part of the job you\u2019re doing.\n\n## Multiple jobs when you\u2019re a creative worker\n\nYour sponsor can give you a certificate that covers the entire length of your stay, even if you need to perform at more than one engagement. If you\u2019re working for more than one sponsor, you can get a certificate from each sponsor.\n\nThere cannot be a gap of more than 14 days between each job. If you leave the UK and come back, your time away will not count towards those 14 days.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a letter of endorsement from your sport\u2019s governing body, if you\u2019re applying as a sportsperson or coach\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou cannot extend your stay if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\nYou must be in the UK to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\n## Creative worker\n\nYou can extend your visa for whichever is the shortest of:\n\n- up to 12 months\n\n- the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days\n\n- the time needed to extend your stay to the maximum of 24 months\n\nYou must stay with the same sponsor.\n\n## Sports person\n\nYou can extend your visa up to 12 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can switch to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) if you\u2019re in the UK on a Standard Visitor visa and your sponsor gave you a certificate of sponsorship for this visa before you came to the UK.\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou cannot switch to this visa if you\u2019ve used the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession to enter the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay for a maximum of up to 12 months after switching to a Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5).\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for this visa.\n\n## How to switch to this visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.\n\n## Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession\n\nYou can enter the UK without applying for a visa in advance if you:\n\n- have a valid Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) certificate of sponsorship\n\n- are coming to work in the UK for 3 months or less\n\n- do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor\n\nYou must still meet the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) eligibility criteria.\n\nYou will not be able to extend your stay while you are in the UK, or switch to another temporary worker visa or a Skilled Worker visa.\n\nYour partner and children can travel with you if they also do not normally need a visa to enter the UK as a visitor.\n\n## When you arrive in the UK\n\nYou must see an immigration officer when you arrive in the UK - do not use the automatic ePassport gates. The officer will check:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship is valid\n\n- you have enough money to support yourself\n\nYou will not be allowed to work if you use an automatic ePassport gate. You must see an immigration officer.\n\n## If you enter the UK from Ireland\n\nIf you\u2019re travelling to the UK from Ireland using the Temporary Worker - Creative and Sporting visa (T5) concession, you must apply for remote clearance at least 72 hours before you arrive in the UK.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector and at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- work as a sportsperson for your national team while it is playing in a British University and College Sport (BUCS) competition\n\n- work as a sports broadcaster\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- get public funds\n\n- start your own business\n\n- extend your stay or switch to another visa", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/temporary-worker-creative-and-sporting-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a musician, who is well known for his game music. I am looking to move to the UK to work for a video game's company. I have \u00a312,000 in savings, and I will be earning \u00a340,000 for the five months of work.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible for a Creative and Sporting visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1958", + "question": "Scenario: I am the finance director of a medium-sized software consulting firm based in Oxford, UK. Because of our diverse client base (medical, healthcare, retail etc) we have to charge a variety of different VAT rates on our services, and the intangible nature of our product can make it difficult to precisely determine the timing of their supply.\n\nQuestion: Is the tax point (time of supply) for VAT on consulting services just the date of the invoice?\n\nDocument - VAT record keeping:\n## Overview\n\nVAT-registered businesses must:\n\n- keep records of sales and purchases\n\n- keep a separate summary of VAT called a VAT account\n\n- issue correct VAT invoices\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nVAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019ve signed up for Making Tax Digital for VAT, the records you need to keep are the same as any VAT-registered business but you\u2019ll need to keep some of them digitally.\n\n## How to keep VAT records\n\nYou must keep VAT records for at least 6 years (or 10 years if you used the VAT MOSS service).\n\nYou can keep VAT records on paper, electronically or as part of a software program (such as book-keeping software). Records must be accurate, complete and readable.\n\nIf your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, you must keep a digital record of anything that\u2019s needed for your VAT Return.\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost a VAT invoice or it is damaged and no longer readable, ask the supplier for a duplicate (marked \u2018duplicate\u2019).\n\nHMRC can visit your business to inspect your record keeping and charge you a penalty if your records are not in order.\n\nYou can hire a professional (such as an accountant) if you need help with your VAT.\n\n## VAT invoices\n\nOnly VAT-registered businesses can issue VAT invoices and you must:\n\n- issue and keep valid invoices - these can be paper or electronic\n\n- keep copies of all the sales invoices you issue even if you cancel them or produce one by mistake\n\n- keep all purchase invoices for items you buy\n\n## Valid invoices\n\nYou\u2019ll use a full VAT invoice for most transactions. You can use:\n\n- a modified invoice for retail supplies over \u00a3250\n\n- a simplified invoice for retail supplies under \u00a3250 - and for other supplies from 1 January 2013\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT using an invalid invoice, pro-forma invoice, statement or delivery note.\n\nInclude the following on your invoice, depending on which type you use.\n\n| Invoice information | Full invoice | Simplified invoice | Modified invoice |\n\n| Unique invoice number that follows on from the last invoice | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Your business name and address | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Your VAT number | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Date | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| The tax point (or \u2018time of supply\u2019) if this is different from the invoice date | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Customer\u2019s name or trading name, and address | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Description of the goods or services | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Total amount excluding VAT | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Total amount of VAT | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Price per item, excluding VAT | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Quantity of each type of item | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Rate of any discount per item | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Rate of VAT charged per item - if an item is exempt or zero-rated make clear no VAT on these items | Yes | Yes (1) | Yes |\n\n| Total amount including VAT | No | Yes (1) | Yes |\n\n(1) If items are charged at different VAT rates, then show this for each.\n\n## Accounting schemes\n\nIf you use the Cash Accounting Scheme you have to stamp an invoice with the amount of cash paid and the date.\n\nThere are different rules for record keeping and invoicing if you use a VAT Margin Scheme.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nUsually VAT invoices must be issued within 30 days of the date of supply or the date of payment (if you\u2019re paid in advance).\n\n## International trade\n\nYou do not have to show all amounts on your invoices in sterling. If you issue VAT invoices in a foreign currency or language, you must:\n\n- show the total VAT payable in sterling on your VAT invoice if the supply takes place in the UK\n\n- be able to provide an English translation of any invoice within 30 days if asked to do so by a visiting VAT officer\n\n## Converting to sterling\n\nTo convert to sterling you can:\n\n- use the market selling rate at the time of supply\n\n- use the European Central Bank\u2019s rate\n\n- use HMRC\u2019s period rates of exchange - the rates usually stay the same for each calendar month\n\n- apply to HMRC to use a different method to account for the VAT\n\nThere are different rules if you use the Tour Operator\u2019s Scheme.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou do not need to issue a VAT invoice if:\n\n- your invoice is only for exempt or zero-rated sales within the UK\n\n- you\u2019re giving goods as a gift\n\n- you sell goods under a VAT second-hand margin scheme\n\n- your customer operates a self-billing arrangement\n\n## VAT records\n\nRecords you must keep include:\n\n- copies of all invoices you issue\n\n- all invoices you receive (originals or electronic copies)\n\n- self-billing agreements - this is where the customer prepares the invoice\n\n- name, address and VAT number of any self-billing suppliers\n\n- debit or credit notes\n\n- import and export records\n\n- records of items you cannot reclaim VAT on - for example business entertainment\n\n- records of any goods you give away or take from stock for your private use\n\n- records of all the zero-rated, reduced or VAT exempt items you buy or sell\n\n- a VAT account\n\nYou must also keep general business records such as bank statements, cash books, cheque stubs, paying-in slips and till rolls.\n\nIf you use the Cash Accounting Scheme you must use these records to match them against your payment records and receipts.\n\nIf you supply digital services in the EU and use VAT MOSS, you must keep additional records.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\n## Keeping digital records\n\nVAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.\n\n## Retailers\n\nIf you\u2019re a retailer you do not have to issue VAT invoices unless a customer asks for one. Keep a copy if you do. Retailers can issue \u2018simplified invoices\u2019 for supplies under \u00a3250.\n\n## Debit and credit notes\n\nWhen you return goods to a supplier or a customer returns goods to you, the balance of payment can be settled with a credit or debit note.\n\nRecord these in your accounts and keep any original notes.\n\n## VAT records for Making Tax Digital\n\nVAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 by keeping some records digitally, unless:\n\n- your business uses the VAT GIANT service, for example if you\u2019re a government department or an NHS Trust\n\n- you apply for an exemption\n\nYou can choose to sign up to Making Tax Digital for VAT if your business earns less than \u00a385,000.\n\nFrom 1 April 2022 all VAT registered businesses must sign up, whatever they earn.\n\n## Records you must keep digitally\n\nYou need to keep the following records digitally:\n\n- your business name, address and VAT registration number\n\n- any VAT accounting schemes you use\n\n- the VAT on goods and services you supply, for example everything you sell, lease, transfer or hire out (supplies made)\n\n- the VAT on goods and services you receive, for example everything you buy, lease, rent or hire (supplies received)\n\n- any adjustments you make to a return\n\n- the \u2018time of supply\u2019 and \u2018value of supply\u2019 (value excluding VAT) for everything you buy and sell\n\n- the rate of VAT charged on goods and services you supply\n\n- reverse charge transactions - where you record the VAT on both the sale price and the purchase price of goods and services you buy\n\n- your total daily gross takings if you use a retail scheme\n\n- items you can reclaim VAT on if you use the Flat Rate Scheme\n\n- your total sales, and the VAT on those sales, if you trade in gold and use the Gold Accounting Scheme\n\nYou also need to keep digital copies of documents that cover multiple transactions made on behalf of your business by:\n\n- volunteers for charity fundraising\n\n- a third party business\n\n- employees for expenses in petty cash\n\nYou must add all your transactions to your digital records, but you do not need to scan paper records like invoices or receipts.\n\n## How to keep digital records\n\nYou need to use a compatible software package or other software (like spreadsheets) that connect to HMRC systems.\n\nIf you use more than one software package to keep records and submit returns, you need to link them.\n\nSome ways you can link your software include:\n\n- using formulas to link cells in spreadsheets\n\n- emailing records\n\n- putting records on a portable device to give to your agent\n\n- importing and exporting XML and CSV files\n\n- downloading and uploading files\n\nYou must have links between the software you use by your first VAT period after 1 April 2021.\n\n## When to send your VAT return\n\nThe deadlines for sending your VAT returns will not change after you sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT.\n\nTo see when your next return is due, sign in to your VAT online account.\n\n## How to sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT\n\nHow you sign up depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- a business\n\n- an agent acting for a client\n\n## Sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT\n\nYou must sign up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 if your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, so you can:\n\n- keep digital records\n\n- submit your business\u2019s VAT return using compatible software\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to sign up if you\u2019re an agent.\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou must have compatible software before you sign up.\n\n## What you need\n\nTo sign up you need:\n\n- your business email address\n\n- a Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you use the service\n\n- your VAT registration number and latest VAT return\n\nYou\u2019ll also need:\n\n- your National Insurance number if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- your company registration number and Unique Taxpayer Reference if you\u2019re a limited company or registered society\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference and the postcode where you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment if you\u2019re a general partnership\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference, the postcode where you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment and your company\u2019s registration number if you\u2019re a limited partnership\n\n## When to sign up\n\nIf you already pay by Direct Debit do not sign up too close to the date your return is due, or you may pay twice.\n\nTo avoid this, do not sign up less than:\n\n- 7 days before your return is due\n\n- 5 days after your return is due\n\nIf you do not pay by Direct Debit, sign up at least 3 days before your return is due.\n\nIf you\u2019re finding it difficult to access the service, check if there\u2019s a technical issue or other known problem.\n\nSign up now\n\n## After you\u2019ve signed up\n\nYou should get a confirmation email from noreply@tax.service.gov.uk within 3 days of signing up. It might go to your spam folder.\n\nDo not submit a VAT Return until you get a confirmation email.\n\nContact HMRC if you do not get an email.\n\n## VAT account\n\nYou must keep a separate record of the VAT you charge and the VAT you pay on your purchases. This record is called a \u2018VAT account\u2019.\n\nYou use the figures in your VAT account to complete your VAT Return.\n\nThere are no rules on what a VAT account should look like, but it must show:\n\n- your total VAT sales\n\n- your total VAT purchases\n\n- the VAT you owe HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- the VAT you can reclaim from HMRC\n\n- if your business uses the VAT Flat Rate Scheme - the flat rate percentage and turnover it applies to\n\nIf you are registered for VAT in Northern Ireland, you must also show the VAT on any EU purchases or sales.\n\n## Errors\n\nIf you\u2019ve made an error in your VAT Return the VAT account must show:\n\n- the date you discovered the error\n\n- details about the error - for example how it happened, how you corrected it\n\nYou may also need to report the error to HMRC.\n\n## Bad debts\n\nIf you write off an invoice as a bad debt, you must keep a separate \u2018VAT bad debt account\u2019. The debt must be older than 6 months and for each bad debt you must show:\n\n- total amount of VAT involved\n\n- amount written off and any payments you\u2019ve received\n\n- the VAT you\u2019re claiming on the debt\n\n- the VAT period(s) you paid the VAT and are claiming the relief\n\n- invoices details like date, customer name\n\nYou must keep this information for 4 years.\n\n## Time of supply or tax point\n\nThe tax point (or \u2018time of supply\u2019) for a transaction is the date the transaction takes place for VAT purposes.\n\nYou need to know this because, for example:\n\n- it\u2019s included on VAT invoices\n\n- it tells you which VAT period the transaction belongs to\n\n- it tells you which VAT Return to put the transaction on\n\nThe tax point can vary, but is usually the following.\n\n| Situation | Tax point |\n\n| No invoice needed | Date of supply |\n\n| VAT invoice issued | Date of invoice |\n\n| VAT invoice issued 15 days or more after the date of supply | Date the supply took place |\n\n| Payment or invoice issued in advance of supply | Date of payment or invoice (whichever is earlier) |\n\n| Payment in advance of supply and no VAT invoice yet issued | Date payment received |\n\nThe date of supply is:\n\n- for goods - the date they\u2019re sent, collected or made available (for example installed in the customer\u2019s house)\n\n- for services - the date the work is finished\n\n## Exceptions\n\nIf you use the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme, the tax point is always the date the payment is received.\n\nThere are different tax point rules for:\n\n- certain trades - like barristers, building and construction\n\n- where the supply is not a \u2018sale\u2019 \u2013 for example business items taken for personal use\n\nSometimes, one sale can give rise to 2 or more tax points - for example where the customer pays a deposit in advance, and then a final payment.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-record-keeping", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the finance director of a medium-sized software consulting firm based in Oxford, UK. Because of our diverse client base (medical, healthcare, retail etc) we have to charge a variety of different VAT rates on our services, and the intangible nature of our product can make it difficult to precisely determine the timing of their supply.", + "original_question": "Is the tax point (time of supply) for VAT on consulting services just the date of the invoice?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1961", + "question": "Scenario: I am travelling to UK using a visitor visa. I want to have healthcare included with this visa that I have applied for.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to pay for healthcare on top of the visa?\n\nDocument - Pay for UK healthcare as part of your immigration application:\n## Overview\n\nYou might need to pay a healthcare surcharge (called the \u2018immigration health surcharge\u2019 or IHS) as part of your immigration application.\n\nWhether you need to pay depends on the immigration status you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nIf you\u2019re making your immigration application online, you pay the surcharge as part of your application or when you book an appointment.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying by post, you pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include the IHS reference number on your application form.\n\n## When you can start to use the NHS\n\nYou can start using the National Health Service (NHS) when both:\n\n- you\u2019ve paid the healthcare surcharge (or are exempt from paying it)\n\n- your visa or immigration application is granted\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to pay for certain types of services, such as prescriptions, dental treatment, eye tests and assisted conception.\n\nWhen you access healthcare in the UK, you may need to:\n\n- provide your biometric residence permit, if you have one\n\n- prove your status online using a share code, if you have a digital immigration status\n\n## Who needs to pay\n\nYou usually need to pay the healthcare surcharge if you\u2019re applying for a visa or immigration application:\n\n- for more than 6 months, if you\u2019re applying outside the UK\n\n- for any length of time, if you\u2019re applying inside the UK\n\nYou do not need to pay if you\u2019re applying for a visitor visa or to remain in the UK permanently.\n\nYou still need to pay even if you have private medical insurance.\n\n## Who only needs an IHS reference number\n\nYou still need to use the payment service to get an immigration health surcharge (IHS) reference number but you will not need to pay if:\n\n- you\u2019re a child under 18 who has been taken into care by a local authority\n\n- you\u2019re a relevant civilian employee at NATO or the Australian Department of Defence in the UK (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\nThe service will tell you that you do not have to pay anything and will give you your healthcare surcharge reference number for your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the National Health Service (NHS) even if you\u2019re exempt from paying.\n\n## Who does not need to pay or get an IHS reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the NHS without paying the surcharge or getting a reference number if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to enter or remain\n\n- you\u2019re a health and care worker who is eligible for a Health and Care Worker visa (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re applying to the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- you\u2019re a diplomat or a member of a visiting armed forces and not subject to immigration control\n\n- you\u2019re a dependant of a member of the UK\u2019s armed forces\n\n- you\u2019re the dependant of a member of another country\u2019s armed forces who is exempt from immigration control\n\n- you\u2019re applying for a visa for the Isle of Man or Channel Islands\n\n- you\u2019re a British Overseas Territory citizen resident in the Falkland Islands\n\n- you\u2019re an asylum seeker or applying for humanitarian protection (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re a domestic worker who has been identified as a victim of slavery or human trafficking\n\n- you\u2019re applying for discretionary leave to remain in the UK as someone who has been identified as a victim of slavery or human trafficking (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- the Home Office\u2019s domestic violence concession applies to you (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- being made to leave the UK would be against your rights under Article 3 of the European Convention of Human Rights (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re an S2 Healthcare Visitor\n\n- you\u2019re eligible for a Frontier Worker permit and have an S1 certificate\n\nYou need to pay the healthcare surcharge if you apply for indefinite leave to remain but are only given limited leave. You\u2019ll need to pay before you\u2019re given the leave.\n\n## Visitor visas and short-term visas\n\nYou do not need to pay the surcharge or get an IHS reference number if you\u2019re applying for a:\n\n- visitor visa\n\n- visa for 6 months or less from outside the UK\n\nYou will need to pay for any NHS care you get at the point you use it - unless it\u2019s a service that\u2019s free.\n\n## How much you have to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay:\n\n- \u00a3470 per year for a student or Youth Mobility Scheme visa, for example \u00a3940 for a 2-year visa\n\n- \u00a3470 per year for visa and immigration applicants who are under the age of 18 at time of application\n\n- \u00a3624 per year for all other visa and immigration applications, for example \u00a33,120 for a 5-year visa\n\nDependants aged 18 or over usually need to pay the same amount as you.\n\nThe exact amount you have to pay depends on how much leave you\u2019re granted. Calculate how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay half of the yearly amount if your application includes part of a year that is less than 6 months.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay for a whole year if your application includes part of a year that is more than 6 months.\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically get a partial refund if you paid the healthcare surcharge for more years than you were granted leave.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nIf you apply for a visa online, you pay the surcharge as part of the application.\n\nIf you apply for a visa by post, you must pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include your IHS reference number on the application form.\n\n## If you do not pay\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email from UK Visas and Immigration if you do not pay the surcharge (or do not pay enough) as part of your visa or immigration application.\n\nCheck your junk folder if you cannot see the email in your inbox.\n\nOnce you get the email, you must pay the surcharge within:\n\n- 10 working days if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\n- 7 working days if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYour visa or immigration application will be turned down if you do not pay the full amount in this time.\n\n## Pay the healthcare surcharge\n\nIf you\u2019re making an immigration application online you pay the healthcare surcharge as part of the application process. You must complete the payment and return to the online immigration application in less than 30 minutes.\n\nIf you\u2019re making an immigration application by post you must pay the healthcare surcharge before you complete your application.\n\nYou must pay the healthcare surcharge by debit or credit card.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying online, you\u2019ll be asked for:\n\n- the start and end dates on your certificate of sponsorship, if you have one\n\n- your course dates, if you\u2019re applying as a student\n\nIf you\u2019re applying by post, you\u2019ll also be asked for:\n\n- the type of visa you\u2019re applying for\n\n- your passport or travel document number\n\n- an email address\n\nPay now\n\nYou need to pay by cash at the UK embassy if you\u2019re in the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea.\n\n## Family members\n\nYou\u2019ll need the same information that you used to pay for:\n\n- any person applying for a visa or other immigration application with you, for example a dependant\n\n- any person you\u2019re applying to join or remain who is already in the UK (you do not need to add this person\u2019s details if they are a UK or EEA citizen)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need their leave expiry date if you\u2019re joining someone in the UK (or IHS reference number if they have one).\n\n## Finish your visa or immigration application\n\n- You\u2019ll be sent an email with an IHS reference number. This will also be shown on screen when you\u2019ve paid. You can only use this number once - you\u2019ll need to get another one if you reapply.\n\n- You\u2019ll need to write this on the cover of your visa application if you\u2019re applying by post. You need this reference even if you\u2019re exempt from paying the healthcare surcharge.\n\n- Finish your application form and pay your visa or immigration application fee.\n\n## Refunds\n\nYou\u2019ll get a full immigration health surcharge (IHS) refund if:\n\n- you paid twice\n\n- your visa application is refused\n\n- you withdraw your visa application\n\nYou\u2019ll get a partial IHS refund if your visa application\u2019s successful but:\n\n- you get less time on your visa than you asked for\n\n- any dependants on your visa application are refused\n\nIf you are due a full or partial refund for these reasons, you do not have to do anything to get it. It will be automatically paid to the account or card you paid with.\n\nYou will not get a refund if:\n\n- your visa application is successful but you do not come to the UK\n\n- you leave the UK before your visa ends, for example to make a new application\n\n- you\u2019re told to leave the UK before your visa expires\n\n- you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\n## If your healthcare is paid for by an EU country\n\nYou may get a full or partial IHS refund if you have an S1 certificate registered with the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\nYou can also apply for a full or partial IHS refund if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re a full-time student in UK higher education\n\n- your visa started on or after 1 January 2021\n\n- you have a European Healthcare Insurance Card (EHIC) issued in an EU country\n\n- you do not work\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming as a full-time student with an EHIC, you can apply for a refund of the IHS you paid to cover any period starting on or after 1 January 2021. Applications open from 1 January 2022.\n\nThe amount you\u2019re refunded will depend on the date your S1 certificate or EHIC runs out.\n\nFind out more about applying for a refund.\n\n## If you work in health and care\n\nYou and your dependants may be able to get a refund of the IHS if you work in health and care.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for a refund as a health or care worker.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou usually get your refund within 6 weeks of getting a decision on your visa application. It can take longer if you appeal or ask for an administrative review after your visa application is refused.\n\n## If you appeal or ask for an administrative review\n\nIf you applied from:\n\n- inside the UK - you\u2019ll get your refund up to 6 weeks after your appeal or administrative review is dismissed\n\n- outside the UK - you\u2019ll get your refund up to 6 weeks after your visa application is refused\n\nYou\u2019ll have to repay the IHS if your appeal or administrative review is successful and you\u2019ve already got your IHS refund.\n\nYou might have to repay a different amount if:\n\n- the length of your stay changes\n\n- you get less time on your visa than you asked for\n\nContact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if your refund is not paid within 6 weeks.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-immigration-application", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am travelling to UK using a visitor visa. I want to have healthcare included with this visa that I have applied for.", + "original_question": "Do I need to pay for healthcare on top of the visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1965", + "question": "Scenario: Nathan is 20 years British national . He wants to go for a holiday with a UK passport in United states. He wants to apply online and pay the fee.\n\nQuestion: Can it he apply online?\n\nDocument - Getting your first adult passport:\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply for a first adult passport if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a British national\n\n- you\u2019re aged 16 or over (or will be in 3 weeks)\n\n- you\u2019ve never had a UK passport before\n\nYou must also apply if your last UK passport was issued before 1 January 1994.\n\nYou can use your child passport until it expires, even if you\u2019re over 18.\n\nAn adult passport is valid for 10 years.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow up to 10 weeks to get your passport.\n\nIf you need a passport to travel urgently for medical treatment or because a friend or family member is seriously ill or has died, call the Passport Adviceline.\n\nDo not book travel until you get your passport.\n\n## Ways to apply\n\nIf you\u2019re in the UK, you can either:\n\n- apply online - it costs \u00a375.50\n\n- apply with a paper form - it costs \u00a385\n\nIt\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19). Use the online service to get your passport.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to apply if you\u2019re overseas.\n\n## What documents you need to apply\n\nYou must send original documents. Photocopies are not accepted.\n\nIf you do not have your original certificates (for example, your birth certificate), you need to get an official copy.\n\nIf your documents are not in English or Welsh, you need to send a certified translation.\n\nYou can send laminated documents if that\u2019s the only format they are issued in.\n\n## You were born or adopted in the UK\n\nWhat documents you need depend on when you were born.\n\n## Before 1 January 1983\n\nYou\u2019ll need your full birth certificate or adoption certificate.\n\n## On or after 1 January 1983\n\nYou\u2019ll need your full birth certificate or adoption certificate and either:\n\n- your mother\u2019s or father\u2019s full UK birth certificate, or the Home Office certificate of registration or naturalisation, or a British passport belonging to one of your parents that was valid when you were born, or a British passport number for either parent\n\n- evidence of one of your parents\u2019 immigration status in the UK at the time of your birth, for example a foreign passport belonging to one of your parents that was valid when you were born\n\nIf you send documents relating to your father, you must also send your parents\u2019 marriage certificate.\n\n## You were born outside the UK\n\nWhat documents you need depend on your circumstances.\n\n## You have a certificate of naturalisation or registration\n\nYou\u2019ll need both:\n\n- your naturalisation or registration certificate\n\n- the passport you used to come into the UK or the foreign passport you\u2019re included on\n\n## Citizen of a British overseas territory and born before 1 January 1983\n\nYou\u2019ll need all of the following:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- your current passport\n\n- the passport you used to come into the UK or the foreign passport you\u2019re included on\n\n## Born before 1 January 1983 and your father was born in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need all of the following:\n\n- your full birth certificate showing your parents\u2019 details\n\n- your father\u2019s birth certificate\n\n- your parents\u2019 marriage certificate\n\n- the passport you used to come into the UK or foreign passport you\u2019re included on\n\n## Born on or after 1 January 1983\n\nYou\u2019ll need all of the following:\n\n- your full birth certificate showing your parents\u2019 details\n\n- the passport you used to come into the UK or any foreign passport that you\u2019re included on\n\n- evidence of one parent\u2019s British nationality, for example their UK birth or adoption, naturalisation or registration certificate\n\nIf these documents relate to your father, you must include the marriage certificate showing when he married your mother.\n\n## Your circumstances are different\n\nIf your circumstances are not listed, read the guidance booklet to find out what documents you\u2019ll need. If you apply online you\u2019ll be told what documents you need as part of your application.\n\n## How your documents will be sent back\n\nThe supporting documents will be returned separately from your passport. How you get them depends on the delivery option you choose when you fill in your application.\n\n## Apply online\n\nTo apply online you\u2019ll need:\n\n- a digital photo of you (or a device that takes digital photos and someone to take your photo)\n\n- someone who can confirm your identity\n\n- supporting documents\n\n- a credit or debit card\n\nIt costs \u00a375.50.\n\n## Start your application\n\nApply and pay for your passport online.\n\nStart now\n\n## Ask someone to confirm your identity\n\nAfter you\u2019ve paid and submitted your application, you\u2019ll need to ask someone to confirm your identity.\n\nLet the person know that they\u2019ll receive an email from HM Passport Office telling them what to do. They\u2019ll confirm your identity online - they do not need to sign a printed photo.\n\nFind out who can confirm your identity and what they need to do.\n\n## Send your documents\n\nAfter the person you asked has confirmed your identity, you\u2019ll receive an email explaining what documents you need to send and where to send them.\n\nAfter you apply, you may be asked to attend an interview.\n\n## Apply with a paper form\n\nTo apply with a paper form you\u2019ll need:\n\n- a filled-in application form\n\n- 2 identical printed passport photos\n\n- someone who can confirm your identity (a \u2018countersignatory\u2019)\n\n- supporting documents\n\nIt costs \u00a385. The booklet that comes with the form explains how to pay.\n\nIt takes longer to apply by post than online.\n\n## Fill in your application form\n\nYou can get a paper application form from either:\n\n- a Post Office that offers the Passport Check and Send service\n\n- the Passport Adviceline\n\nFill in sections 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 9. Your countersignatory will need to fill in section 10.\n\nRead the booklet that comes with the form if you need help with your application.\n\n## Get a countersignatory\n\nYou need to get someone else to confirm your identity (a \u2018countersignatory\u2019). They\u2019ll need to:\n\n- fill in section 10 of your form\n\n- sign and date one of your photos\n\nFind out who can be a countersignatory and what they need to do.\n\n## Gather your documents and send your application\n\nYou need to send all of the following:\n\n- your filled-in application form\n\n- your supporting documents\n\n- your 2 passport photos (one of them signed and dated by your countersignatory)\n\nTo send in your form, documents and photos, you can either:\n\n- post them using the pre-printed envelope that comes with the form\n\n- take them to the Post Office if you want to use the Passport Check and Send service\n\nAfter you apply, you may be asked to attend an interview.\n\n## After you apply\n\n## Passport interviews\n\nAfter you apply, you may need to be interviewed to confirm your identity.\n\nPassport offices are temporarily closed and face-to-face interviews are suspended because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nVideo interviews are taking place online. If you need an interview, you\u2019ll be contacted after your application has been processed to book it.\n\n## Getting your new passport and supporting documents\n\nYou\u2019ll receive your new passport by courier or recorded delivery.\n\nThe supporting documents will be returned separately from your passport. How you get them depends on the delivery option you choose when you fill in your application.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-first-adult-passport", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Nathan is 20 years British national . He wants to go for a holiday with a UK passport in United states. He wants to apply online and pay the fee.", + "original_question": "Can it he apply online?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1966", + "question": "Scenario: My son is a British national aged 16 years old.He is a member of a local youth orchestra group and are planning a trip to Spain for sightseeing and some adventures for 14 days.\n\nQuestion: Can he use a school photo for group passport application?\n\nDocument - Collective (group) passports:\n## Overview\n\nIt takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.\n\nA collective (or group) passport is a way for an organised group of young people to make a trip to certain European countries.\n\nA collective passport costs \u00a339.\n\nYoung people should travel on their own passports if possible.\n\n## Who can use a collective passport\n\nThe passport is not for families but for groups such as:\n\n- schools and sixth form colleges\n\n- guides\n\n- scouts\n\n- other recognised youth organisations\n\nYou can have between 5 and 50 children on a group passport. If there are more than 50 in the group, you can split the group and apply for 2 or more passports.\n\nEveryone on the passport must be a British national and under 18 by the end of the trip.\n\nA group leader must be named on the passport. The passport is invalid if the group leader cannot travel, but if a deputy leader is named on the application, they can take over.\n\nThe group leader and deputy leader must:\n\n- be aged 21 or over\n\n- be a British citizen and have a British passport\n\n- be a UK resident\n\n## Countries you can visit\n\nThe countries you can travel to or through on a collective passport are:\n\n- Austria\n\n- Denmark\n\n- France\n\n- Italy\n\n- Malta\n\n- Norway\n\n- Romania\n\n- Spain\n\n- Switzerland\n\n## Check if you need a visa\n\nYou may need a visa if you\u2019re travelling on a group passport, even if you do not need one when travelling on an individual passport. Contact the country\u2019s embassy or consulate in the UK to check.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIt takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.\n\n- Download the application form.\n\n- Save it to your computer and fill it in (handwritten applications are not accepted).\n\n- Collect your supporting documents.\n\n- Email your completed application form to HMPassportofficeDurhamCollectives@hmpo.gov.uk.\n\n- Print a paper copy and get it signed by the group leader and deputy leader.\n\n- Send the paper copy with the \u00a339 fee and supporting documents to Collective Passport Applications.\n\n## Paying the fee\n\nInclude a cheque for \u00a339, payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Passport Office\u2019, or pay by credit or debit card using the card payment form - use capital letters to fill in the form.\n\n## Checks on your application\n\nHM Passport Office may contact your organisation to verify the application. Include a contact number on the form that will be answered during school holidays or your application could be delayed.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nEach application must include:\n\n- a nationality questionnaire and parental consent form for each child\n\n- a collective passport photo identity card for each child\n\n- one supporting letter for the whole application\n\n## Nationality questionnaire and consent form\n\nThe nationality questionnaire and consent form (\u2018CPNQ\u2019 form) must be filled in by the person who can give consent for the child to travel. They must fill in either the:\n\n- form for a child born in the UK\n\n- form for a child born outside the UK\n\nDetails of who can give consent are on the form.\n\n## Request collective passport photo identity cards\n\nEmail your request for collective passport photo cards to HMPassportofficeDurhamCollectives@hmpo.gov.uk. Your email should include:\n\n- the number of cards you need\n\n- the full name and address of the school or organised group\n\n- a contact name and phone number\n\n## Complete collective passport photo identity cards\n\nEach card must be filled in with the child\u2019s details exactly as they appear on their nationality questionnaire and parental consent form.\n\nYou must attach a recent passport-sized photo to each card.\n\n## Rules for photos\n\nThe photos:\n\n- should be of a similar quality to standard passport photos\n\n- should not have been previously used on another document\n\n- must not be laminated or photocopies\n\nYou can use:\n\n- a school photo - as long as it does not have \u2018proof\u2019 written across it\n\n- printed digital photos\n\nThe group leader must complete their own details and sign the photo cards before submitting the application.\n\nEach child must sign their card before they travel.\n\n## Supporting letter\n\nEach application must include one supporting letter on headed paper confirming consent to the trip.\n\nIf the group is going abroad to perform (for example, in a sports competition) the letter must say:\n\n- all members of the group are amateurs\n\n- they will not get any payment\n\nIf children from more than one organisation are travelling together, you need a supporting letter from each organisation.\n\nThe letter must be signed - digital or photocopied signatures are not accepted.\n\nThe table shows who can supply and sign the supporting letter.\n\n| Type of organisation | Who can supply and sign the supporting letter |\n\n| School | The head teacher, a member of the board of governors or the education authority from each school making up the party |\n\n| Scout or guide group | The assistant county or area commissioner or someone from Association Headquarters |\n\n| Football or rugby club | Someone from the local football association or the league chairperson or secretary |\n\n| Swimming or judo clubs | Someone from the national headquarters |\n\n| Youth orchestras or choirs | Someone from the local education authority, or the vicar for church groups |\n\n| Army or Airforce cadets | The commanding officer or someone from the services authority |\n\n| Clubs or youth clubs | Someone from the local authority where the club is registered, or the national headquarters |\n\n| Registered charities | The director or a person in a similar position in the organisation |\n\n## Getting the passport changed\n\nCheck your passport when it arrives for mistakes. Children cannot travel if they\u2019re not on the passport.\n\n## If you need to amend the passport\n\nSend the passport back to HM Passport Office Collective Passport Applications with a letter explaining the reasons.\n\nIf your trip is postponed but you arrange alternative travel within the same season, you can usually get your passport amended free of charge.\n\nIf several changes are needed (for example, you\u2019re adding lots of names), you have to pay for a new one.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/collective-group-passports", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My son is a British national aged 16 years old.He is a member of a local youth orchestra group and are planning a trip to Spain for sightseeing and some adventures for 14 days.", + "original_question": "Can he use a school photo for group passport application?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1968", + "question": "Scenario: Jane has a 9 Months old baby and is traveling by flight to Spain for a family visit. She wants to know which liquids are allowed in the hand luggage.\n\nQuestion: Can unfozen milk be put in the hand luggage bag?\n\nDocument - Hand luggage restrictions at UK airports:\n## Overview\n\nThere are restrictions on what items you can take in your hand luggage and hold luggage when boarding a plane in the UK.\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re taking goods to sell or temporarily abroad for business reasons, for example sales samples, professional equipment or musical instruments for a performance.\n\nAirport security staff will not let anything through that they consider dangerous - even if it\u2019s normally allowed in hand luggage.\n\n## Hand luggage allowances\n\nCheck with your airline how many and what size bags you can take on the plane with you.\n\nCheck the rules for electronic items and devices you\u2019re allowed to take on a flight before you travel - there are different rules depending on which country you are travelling to or from.\n\n## Taking liquids through security\n\nThere are restrictions on the amount of liquids you can take in your hand luggage. If possible, pack liquids in your hold baggage (luggage that you check in).\n\nLiquids include:\n\n- all drinks, including water\n\n- liquid or semi-liquid foods, for example soup, jam, honey and syrups\n\n- cosmetics and toiletries, including creams, lotions, oils, perfumes, mascara and lip gloss\n\n- sprays, including shaving foam, hairspray and spray deodorants\n\n- pastes, including toothpaste\n\n- gels, including hair and shower gel\n\n- contact lens solution\n\n- any other solutions and items of similar consistency\n\nIf you do take liquids in your hand luggage:\n\n- containers must hold no more than 100ml\n\n- containers must be in a single, transparent, resealable plastic bag, which holds no more than a litre and measures approximately 20cm x 20cm\n\n- contents must fit comfortably inside the bag so it can be sealed\n\n- the bag must not be knotted or tied at the top\n\n- you\u2019re limited to 1 plastic bag per person\n\n- you must show the bag at the airport security point\n\nLiquids in containers larger than 100ml generally cannot go through security even if the container is only part full. There are some exemptions.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou can take liquid containers larger than 100ml through security if they:\n\n- are for essential medical purposes\n\n- are for special dietary requirements\n\n- contain baby food or baby milk\n\nYou can also take liquids bought at an airport or on a plane (such as duty free) through security if:\n\n- the items are sealed inside a security bag when you buy them\n\n- the receipt for the items is sealed in the security bag and visible\n\nYou must not open the security bag until you reach your final destination. Airport staff may need to open the items to screen the liquid at the security point.\n\n## Liquid restrictions outside the EU\n\nCountries outside the EU might have different rules on carrying liquids as a transit or transfer passenger. You should check these rules with the relevant airlines and airports before travelling.\n\n## Lighters\n\nYou can only carry 1 lighter on board. You should put it inside a resealable plastic bag (like the ones used for liquids), which you must keep on you throughout the flight. You cannot:\n\n- put it in your hold luggage\n\n- put it in your hand luggage after screening\n\n## Food and powders\n\nFood items and powders in your hand luggage can obstruct images on x-ray machines. Your bags may need to be checked again manually by security. You can put these items in your hold luggage to minimise delays.\n\n## Baby food and baby milk\n\nWhen travelling with a baby you\u2019re allowed to take enough baby food, baby milk and sterilised water for the journey. There is no legal limit to how much you can take however check with your airport before you travel.\n\nYou can carry breast milk in hand luggage even if you\u2019re not travelling with a baby. You cannot carry frozen breast milk in hand luggage.\n\nIndividual containers of breast milk must hold no more than 2,000ml. Each container will need to be screened at the security point. Airport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Breast milk | Yes, in containers up to 2,000ml | Yes |\n\n| Frozen breast milk | No | Yes |\n\n| Formula milk, cow\u2019s milk | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Sterilised water for the baby | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Soya milk for babies | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Baby food | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes |\n\n## Personal items\n\n## Musical instruments\n\nContact your airline before you book if you want to travel with a large musical instrument. You may need to make special arrangements, such as buying an extra seat.\n\nMusical instruments will be screened separately.\n\n## Mobility aids\n\nPushchairs, walking aids and wheelchairs are usually allowed in the cabin, but will need to be security screened first.\n\nFor battery-powered wheelchairs or mobility aids check with your airline first.\n\n## Other personal items\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Corkscrew | No | Yes |\n\n| Spoon | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Knife (with a sharp or pointed blade and/or blade longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline) |\n\n| Small scissors (with blades no longer than 6cm) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Large scissors (with blades longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline) |\n\n| Round-ended/blunt scissors | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Fixed-cartridge razor blades (disposable razor) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Nail clippers/nail file | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Tweezers | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Knitting needles | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sewing needle | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Umbrella | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Walking stick/cane, walking aid | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Pushchair | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Wheelchair | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Safety matches | Yes | No |\n\n| Non-safety matches | No | No |\n\n| Fireworks, flares and other pyrotechnics, including party poppers and toy caps | No | No |\n\n| Cigarette lighter | No, but you can put a lighter in a plastic liquids bag and keep it on your person | No |\n\n| Contact lens solution | Yes (up to 100ml) | Yes |\n\n## Medicines, medical equipment and dietary requirements\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to carry the following in your hand luggage:\n\n- essential medicines of more than 100ml, including liquid dietary foodstuffs and inhalers\n\n- medical equipment, if it\u2019s essential for your journey\n\nYou\u2019ll need supporting documentation from a relevant medical professional (for example a letter from your doctor or a copy of your prescription).\n\nAirport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids at the security point. Medical equipment is screened separately.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Tablets and capsules | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Essential liquid medicines | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Hypodermic syringes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Inhalers | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Medical equipment (for example CPAP and TENS machines) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Special food and liquids needed for medical reasons | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Oxygen cylinders | Contact your airline | Contact your airline |\n\n## Electronic devices and electrical items\n\nYou can only take certain electronic devices and electrical items on flights to the UK.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Mobile phone | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Laptop | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Tablet devices | Yes | Yes |\n\n| MP3 player | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Hairdryer or straighteners | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Travel iron | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Electric shaver | Yes | Yes |\n\n| E-cigarettes | Yes | No |\n\nSome airlines might also have different restrictions. Check with your airline before you travel if you\u2019re not sure about what you can take as hand luggage.\n\n## Cameras\n\nYou can usually take camera equipment in your hand and hold luggage.\n\nThere might be restrictions on specialist equipment, for example professional video cameras.\n\n## Make sure your devices are charged\n\nMake sure your electronic devices are charged before you travel. If your device does not switch on when requested, you will not be allowed to take it onto the aircraft.\n\n## Batteries for your device\n\nCheck the restrictions on certain types of batteries or contact your airline if you\u2019re not sure what you can carry.\n\n## Gas-powered hair curlers\n\nYou can take hair curlers containing a gas cartridge in hand or hold luggage as long as the safety cover is fitted at all times. You must not take separate gas cartridges on board.\n\n## Sports equipment\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Sports parachute | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Heavy bats and sticks (including baseball, softball and cricket bats) | No | Yes |\n\n| Tennis racquets | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Snooker, pool or billiard cue | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Golf clubs | No | Yes |\n\n| Darts | No | Yes |\n\n| Walking/hiking poles | No | Yes |\n\n| Fishing rod | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Catapult | No | Yes |\n\n| Firearms (including replica firearms) | No | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n| Harpoon or spear gun | No | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n| Crossbow | No | Yes |\n\n| Martial arts equipment (including knuckledusters, clubs, coshes, rice flails and nunchuks) | No | Yes |\n\n| Diving equipment | Check with your airline before you travel | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n## Work tools\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Tool with a blade or shaft longer than 6cm (for example chisel) | No | Yes |\n\n| Drill and drill bits | No | Yes |\n\n| Stanley knife | No | Yes |\n\n| Saw (including portable power saw) | No | Yes |\n\n| Screwdriver | No | Yes |\n\n| Hammer | No | Yes |\n\n| Pliers | No | Yes |\n\n| Wrench or spanner | No | Yes |\n\n| Bolt gun or nail gun | No | Yes |\n\n| Crowbar | No | Yes |\n\n| Blowtorch | No | Yes |\n\n## Chemicals and toxic substances\n\nYou cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:\n\n- oxidisers and organic peroxides, including bleach and car body repair kits\n\n- acids and alkalis (for example spillable \u2018wet\u2019 batteries)\n\n- corrosives or bleaching agents (including mercury and chlorine)\n\n- vehicle batteries and fuel systems\n\n- self defence or disabling sprays (for example mace, pepper spray)\n\n- radioactive materials (including medicinal or commercial isotopes)\n\n- poisons or toxic substances (for example rat poison)\n\n- biological hazards (for example infected blood, bacteria, viruses)\n\n- materials that could spontaneously combust (burst into flames)\n\n- fire extinguishers\n\n## Ammunition\n\nYou cannot take any guns or firearms (including air rifles and starting pistols) as hand luggage. You may be able to take them as hold luggage - check with your airline before you travel.\n\nYou cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:\n\n- blasting caps\n\n- detonators and fuses\n\n- imitation explosive devices (including replica or model guns)\n\n- mines, grenades, and other explosive military stores\n\n- fireworks and pyrotechnics\n\n- smoke canisters\n\n- smoke cartridges\n\n- dynamite\n\n- gunpowder\n\n- plastic explosives (including black powder and percussion caps)\n\n- flares\n\n- hand grenades\n\n- gun cigarette lighters", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Jane has a 9 Months old baby and is traveling by flight to Spain for a family visit. She wants to know which liquids are allowed in the hand luggage.", + "original_question": "Can unfozen milk be put in the hand luggage bag?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1969", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Mark is a German national and an IT specialist. He wishes to spend a few weeks in England. He works online and wants to carry his laptop and tablet devices .\n\nQuestion: Can he put them in his hand luggage bag?\n\nDocument - Hand luggage restrictions at UK airports:\n## Overview\n\nThere are restrictions on what items you can take in your hand luggage and hold luggage when boarding a plane in the UK.\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re taking goods to sell or temporarily abroad for business reasons, for example sales samples, professional equipment or musical instruments for a performance.\n\nAirport security staff will not let anything through that they consider dangerous - even if it\u2019s normally allowed in hand luggage.\n\n## Hand luggage allowances\n\nCheck with your airline how many and what size bags you can take on the plane with you.\n\nCheck the rules for electronic items and devices you\u2019re allowed to take on a flight before you travel - there are different rules depending on which country you are travelling to or from.\n\n## Taking liquids through security\n\nThere are restrictions on the amount of liquids you can take in your hand luggage. If possible, pack liquids in your hold baggage (luggage that you check in).\n\nLiquids include:\n\n- all drinks, including water\n\n- liquid or semi-liquid foods, for example soup, jam, honey and syrups\n\n- cosmetics and toiletries, including creams, lotions, oils, perfumes, mascara and lip gloss\n\n- sprays, including shaving foam, hairspray and spray deodorants\n\n- pastes, including toothpaste\n\n- gels, including hair and shower gel\n\n- contact lens solution\n\n- any other solutions and items of similar consistency\n\nIf you do take liquids in your hand luggage:\n\n- containers must hold no more than 100ml\n\n- containers must be in a single, transparent, resealable plastic bag, which holds no more than a litre and measures approximately 20cm x 20cm\n\n- contents must fit comfortably inside the bag so it can be sealed\n\n- the bag must not be knotted or tied at the top\n\n- you\u2019re limited to 1 plastic bag per person\n\n- you must show the bag at the airport security point\n\nLiquids in containers larger than 100ml generally cannot go through security even if the container is only part full. There are some exemptions.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou can take liquid containers larger than 100ml through security if they:\n\n- are for essential medical purposes\n\n- are for special dietary requirements\n\n- contain baby food or baby milk\n\nYou can also take liquids bought at an airport or on a plane (such as duty free) through security if:\n\n- the items are sealed inside a security bag when you buy them\n\n- the receipt for the items is sealed in the security bag and visible\n\nYou must not open the security bag until you reach your final destination. Airport staff may need to open the items to screen the liquid at the security point.\n\n## Liquid restrictions outside the EU\n\nCountries outside the EU might have different rules on carrying liquids as a transit or transfer passenger. You should check these rules with the relevant airlines and airports before travelling.\n\n## Lighters\n\nYou can only carry 1 lighter on board. You should put it inside a resealable plastic bag (like the ones used for liquids), which you must keep on you throughout the flight. You cannot:\n\n- put it in your hold luggage\n\n- put it in your hand luggage after screening\n\n## Food and powders\n\nFood items and powders in your hand luggage can obstruct images on x-ray machines. Your bags may need to be checked again manually by security. You can put these items in your hold luggage to minimise delays.\n\n## Baby food and baby milk\n\nWhen travelling with a baby you\u2019re allowed to take enough baby food, baby milk and sterilised water for the journey. There is no legal limit to how much you can take however check with your airport before you travel.\n\nYou can carry breast milk in hand luggage even if you\u2019re not travelling with a baby. You cannot carry frozen breast milk in hand luggage.\n\nIndividual containers of breast milk must hold no more than 2,000ml. Each container will need to be screened at the security point. Airport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Breast milk | Yes, in containers up to 2,000ml | Yes |\n\n| Frozen breast milk | No | Yes |\n\n| Formula milk, cow\u2019s milk | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Sterilised water for the baby | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Soya milk for babies | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Baby food | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes |\n\n## Personal items\n\n## Musical instruments\n\nContact your airline before you book if you want to travel with a large musical instrument. You may need to make special arrangements, such as buying an extra seat.\n\nMusical instruments will be screened separately.\n\n## Mobility aids\n\nPushchairs, walking aids and wheelchairs are usually allowed in the cabin, but will need to be security screened first.\n\nFor battery-powered wheelchairs or mobility aids check with your airline first.\n\n## Other personal items\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Corkscrew | No | Yes |\n\n| Spoon | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Knife (with a sharp or pointed blade and/or blade longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline) |\n\n| Small scissors (with blades no longer than 6cm) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Large scissors (with blades longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline) |\n\n| Round-ended/blunt scissors | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Fixed-cartridge razor blades (disposable razor) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Nail clippers/nail file | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Tweezers | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Knitting needles | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sewing needle | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Umbrella | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Walking stick/cane, walking aid | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Pushchair | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Wheelchair | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Safety matches | Yes | No |\n\n| Non-safety matches | No | No |\n\n| Fireworks, flares and other pyrotechnics, including party poppers and toy caps | No | No |\n\n| Cigarette lighter | No, but you can put a lighter in a plastic liquids bag and keep it on your person | No |\n\n| Contact lens solution | Yes (up to 100ml) | Yes |\n\n## Medicines, medical equipment and dietary requirements\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to carry the following in your hand luggage:\n\n- essential medicines of more than 100ml, including liquid dietary foodstuffs and inhalers\n\n- medical equipment, if it\u2019s essential for your journey\n\nYou\u2019ll need supporting documentation from a relevant medical professional (for example a letter from your doctor or a copy of your prescription).\n\nAirport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids at the security point. Medical equipment is screened separately.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Tablets and capsules | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Essential liquid medicines | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Hypodermic syringes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Inhalers | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Medical equipment (for example CPAP and TENS machines) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Special food and liquids needed for medical reasons | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Oxygen cylinders | Contact your airline | Contact your airline |\n\n## Electronic devices and electrical items\n\nYou can only take certain electronic devices and electrical items on flights to the UK.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Mobile phone | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Laptop | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Tablet devices | Yes | Yes |\n\n| MP3 player | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Hairdryer or straighteners | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Travel iron | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Electric shaver | Yes | Yes |\n\n| E-cigarettes | Yes | No |\n\nSome airlines might also have different restrictions. Check with your airline before you travel if you\u2019re not sure about what you can take as hand luggage.\n\n## Cameras\n\nYou can usually take camera equipment in your hand and hold luggage.\n\nThere might be restrictions on specialist equipment, for example professional video cameras.\n\n## Make sure your devices are charged\n\nMake sure your electronic devices are charged before you travel. If your device does not switch on when requested, you will not be allowed to take it onto the aircraft.\n\n## Batteries for your device\n\nCheck the restrictions on certain types of batteries or contact your airline if you\u2019re not sure what you can carry.\n\n## Gas-powered hair curlers\n\nYou can take hair curlers containing a gas cartridge in hand or hold luggage as long as the safety cover is fitted at all times. You must not take separate gas cartridges on board.\n\n## Sports equipment\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Sports parachute | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Heavy bats and sticks (including baseball, softball and cricket bats) | No | Yes |\n\n| Tennis racquets | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Snooker, pool or billiard cue | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Golf clubs | No | Yes |\n\n| Darts | No | Yes |\n\n| Walking/hiking poles | No | Yes |\n\n| Fishing rod | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Catapult | No | Yes |\n\n| Firearms (including replica firearms) | No | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n| Harpoon or spear gun | No | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n| Crossbow | No | Yes |\n\n| Martial arts equipment (including knuckledusters, clubs, coshes, rice flails and nunchuks) | No | Yes |\n\n| Diving equipment | Check with your airline before you travel | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n## Work tools\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Tool with a blade or shaft longer than 6cm (for example chisel) | No | Yes |\n\n| Drill and drill bits | No | Yes |\n\n| Stanley knife | No | Yes |\n\n| Saw (including portable power saw) | No | Yes |\n\n| Screwdriver | No | Yes |\n\n| Hammer | No | Yes |\n\n| Pliers | No | Yes |\n\n| Wrench or spanner | No | Yes |\n\n| Bolt gun or nail gun | No | Yes |\n\n| Crowbar | No | Yes |\n\n| Blowtorch | No | Yes |\n\n## Chemicals and toxic substances\n\nYou cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:\n\n- oxidisers and organic peroxides, including bleach and car body repair kits\n\n- acids and alkalis (for example spillable \u2018wet\u2019 batteries)\n\n- corrosives or bleaching agents (including mercury and chlorine)\n\n- vehicle batteries and fuel systems\n\n- self defence or disabling sprays (for example mace, pepper spray)\n\n- radioactive materials (including medicinal or commercial isotopes)\n\n- poisons or toxic substances (for example rat poison)\n\n- biological hazards (for example infected blood, bacteria, viruses)\n\n- materials that could spontaneously combust (burst into flames)\n\n- fire extinguishers\n\n## Ammunition\n\nYou cannot take any guns or firearms (including air rifles and starting pistols) as hand luggage. You may be able to take them as hold luggage - check with your airline before you travel.\n\nYou cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:\n\n- blasting caps\n\n- detonators and fuses\n\n- imitation explosive devices (including replica or model guns)\n\n- mines, grenades, and other explosive military stores\n\n- fireworks and pyrotechnics\n\n- smoke canisters\n\n- smoke cartridges\n\n- dynamite\n\n- gunpowder\n\n- plastic explosives (including black powder and percussion caps)\n\n- flares\n\n- hand grenades\n\n- gun cigarette lighters", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Mark is a German national and an IT specialist. He wishes to spend a few weeks in England. He works online and wants to carry his laptop and tablet devices .", + "original_question": "Can he put them in his hand luggage bag?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1971", + "question": "Scenario: My business is UK VAT registered and I follow the rules for making TAX digital for VAT. I usually keep records of zero-rated goods\n\nQuestion: Do we need to issue an invoices for zero rated sales?\n\nDocument - VAT record keeping:\n## Overview\n\nVAT-registered businesses must:\n\n- keep records of sales and purchases\n\n- keep a separate summary of VAT called a VAT account\n\n- issue correct VAT invoices\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nVAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019ve signed up for Making Tax Digital for VAT, the records you need to keep are the same as any VAT-registered business but you\u2019ll need to keep some of them digitally.\n\n## How to keep VAT records\n\nYou must keep VAT records for at least 6 years (or 10 years if you used the VAT MOSS service).\n\nYou can keep VAT records on paper, electronically or as part of a software program (such as book-keeping software). Records must be accurate, complete and readable.\n\nIf your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, you must keep a digital record of anything that\u2019s needed for your VAT Return.\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost a VAT invoice or it is damaged and no longer readable, ask the supplier for a duplicate (marked \u2018duplicate\u2019).\n\nHMRC can visit your business to inspect your record keeping and charge you a penalty if your records are not in order.\n\nYou can hire a professional (such as an accountant) if you need help with your VAT.\n\n## VAT invoices\n\nOnly VAT-registered businesses can issue VAT invoices and you must:\n\n- issue and keep valid invoices - these can be paper or electronic\n\n- keep copies of all the sales invoices you issue even if you cancel them or produce one by mistake\n\n- keep all purchase invoices for items you buy\n\n## Valid invoices\n\nYou\u2019ll use a full VAT invoice for most transactions. You can use:\n\n- a modified invoice for retail supplies over \u00a3250\n\n- a simplified invoice for retail supplies under \u00a3250 - and for other supplies from 1 January 2013\n\nYou cannot reclaim VAT using an invalid invoice, pro-forma invoice, statement or delivery note.\n\nInclude the following on your invoice, depending on which type you use.\n\n| Invoice information | Full invoice | Simplified invoice | Modified invoice |\n\n| Unique invoice number that follows on from the last invoice | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Your business name and address | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Your VAT number | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Date | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| The tax point (or \u2018time of supply\u2019) if this is different from the invoice date | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Customer\u2019s name or trading name, and address | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Description of the goods or services | Yes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Total amount excluding VAT | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Total amount of VAT | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Price per item, excluding VAT | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Quantity of each type of item | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Rate of any discount per item | Yes | No | Yes |\n\n| Rate of VAT charged per item - if an item is exempt or zero-rated make clear no VAT on these items | Yes | Yes (1) | Yes |\n\n| Total amount including VAT | No | Yes (1) | Yes |\n\n(1) If items are charged at different VAT rates, then show this for each.\n\n## Accounting schemes\n\nIf you use the Cash Accounting Scheme you have to stamp an invoice with the amount of cash paid and the date.\n\nThere are different rules for record keeping and invoicing if you use a VAT Margin Scheme.\n\n## Deadlines\n\nUsually VAT invoices must be issued within 30 days of the date of supply or the date of payment (if you\u2019re paid in advance).\n\n## International trade\n\nYou do not have to show all amounts on your invoices in sterling. If you issue VAT invoices in a foreign currency or language, you must:\n\n- show the total VAT payable in sterling on your VAT invoice if the supply takes place in the UK\n\n- be able to provide an English translation of any invoice within 30 days if asked to do so by a visiting VAT officer\n\n## Converting to sterling\n\nTo convert to sterling you can:\n\n- use the market selling rate at the time of supply\n\n- use the European Central Bank\u2019s rate\n\n- use HMRC\u2019s period rates of exchange - the rates usually stay the same for each calendar month\n\n- apply to HMRC to use a different method to account for the VAT\n\nThere are different rules if you use the Tour Operator\u2019s Scheme.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou do not need to issue a VAT invoice if:\n\n- your invoice is only for exempt or zero-rated sales within the UK\n\n- you\u2019re giving goods as a gift\n\n- you sell goods under a VAT second-hand margin scheme\n\n- your customer operates a self-billing arrangement\n\n## VAT records\n\nRecords you must keep include:\n\n- copies of all invoices you issue\n\n- all invoices you receive (originals or electronic copies)\n\n- self-billing agreements - this is where the customer prepares the invoice\n\n- name, address and VAT number of any self-billing suppliers\n\n- debit or credit notes\n\n- import and export records\n\n- records of items you cannot reclaim VAT on - for example business entertainment\n\n- records of any goods you give away or take from stock for your private use\n\n- records of all the zero-rated, reduced or VAT exempt items you buy or sell\n\n- a VAT account\n\nYou must also keep general business records such as bank statements, cash books, cheque stubs, paying-in slips and till rolls.\n\nIf you use the Cash Accounting Scheme you must use these records to match them against your payment records and receipts.\n\nIf you supply digital services in the EU and use VAT MOSS, you must keep additional records.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\n## Keeping digital records\n\nVAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019.\n\n## Retailers\n\nIf you\u2019re a retailer you do not have to issue VAT invoices unless a customer asks for one. Keep a copy if you do. Retailers can issue \u2018simplified invoices\u2019 for supplies under \u00a3250.\n\n## Debit and credit notes\n\nWhen you return goods to a supplier or a customer returns goods to you, the balance of payment can be settled with a credit or debit note.\n\nRecord these in your accounts and keep any original notes.\n\n## VAT records for Making Tax Digital\n\nVAT registered businesses with a taxable turnover of more than \u00a385,000 must follow the rules for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 by keeping some records digitally, unless:\n\n- your business uses the VAT GIANT service, for example if you\u2019re a government department or an NHS Trust\n\n- you apply for an exemption\n\nYou can choose to sign up to Making Tax Digital for VAT if your business earns less than \u00a385,000.\n\nFrom 1 April 2022 all VAT registered businesses must sign up, whatever they earn.\n\n## Records you must keep digitally\n\nYou need to keep the following records digitally:\n\n- your business name, address and VAT registration number\n\n- any VAT accounting schemes you use\n\n- the VAT on goods and services you supply, for example everything you sell, lease, transfer or hire out (supplies made)\n\n- the VAT on goods and services you receive, for example everything you buy, lease, rent or hire (supplies received)\n\n- any adjustments you make to a return\n\n- the \u2018time of supply\u2019 and \u2018value of supply\u2019 (value excluding VAT) for everything you buy and sell\n\n- the rate of VAT charged on goods and services you supply\n\n- reverse charge transactions - where you record the VAT on both the sale price and the purchase price of goods and services you buy\n\n- your total daily gross takings if you use a retail scheme\n\n- items you can reclaim VAT on if you use the Flat Rate Scheme\n\n- your total sales, and the VAT on those sales, if you trade in gold and use the Gold Accounting Scheme\n\nYou also need to keep digital copies of documents that cover multiple transactions made on behalf of your business by:\n\n- volunteers for charity fundraising\n\n- a third party business\n\n- employees for expenses in petty cash\n\nYou must add all your transactions to your digital records, but you do not need to scan paper records like invoices or receipts.\n\n## How to keep digital records\n\nYou need to use a compatible software package or other software (like spreadsheets) that connect to HMRC systems.\n\nIf you use more than one software package to keep records and submit returns, you need to link them.\n\nSome ways you can link your software include:\n\n- using formulas to link cells in spreadsheets\n\n- emailing records\n\n- putting records on a portable device to give to your agent\n\n- importing and exporting XML and CSV files\n\n- downloading and uploading files\n\nYou must have links between the software you use by your first VAT period after 1 April 2021.\n\n## When to send your VAT return\n\nThe deadlines for sending your VAT returns will not change after you sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT.\n\nTo see when your next return is due, sign in to your VAT online account.\n\n## How to sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT\n\nHow you sign up depends on whether you\u2019re:\n\n- a business\n\n- an agent acting for a client\n\n## Sign up for Making Tax Digital for VAT\n\nYou must sign up for \u2018Making Tax Digital for VAT\u2019 if your taxable turnover is more than \u00a385,000, so you can:\n\n- keep digital records\n\n- submit your business\u2019s VAT return using compatible software\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to sign up if you\u2019re an agent.\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou must have compatible software before you sign up.\n\n## What you need\n\nTo sign up you need:\n\n- your business email address\n\n- a Government Gateway user ID and password - if you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you use the service\n\n- your VAT registration number and latest VAT return\n\nYou\u2019ll also need:\n\n- your National Insurance number if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- your company registration number and Unique Taxpayer Reference if you\u2019re a limited company or registered society\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference and the postcode where you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment if you\u2019re a general partnership\n\n- your Unique Taxpayer Reference, the postcode where you\u2019re registered for Self Assessment and your company\u2019s registration number if you\u2019re a limited partnership\n\n## When to sign up\n\nIf you already pay by Direct Debit do not sign up too close to the date your return is due, or you may pay twice.\n\nTo avoid this, do not sign up less than:\n\n- 7 days before your return is due\n\n- 5 days after your return is due\n\nIf you do not pay by Direct Debit, sign up at least 3 days before your return is due.\n\nIf you\u2019re finding it difficult to access the service, check if there\u2019s a technical issue or other known problem.\n\nSign up now\n\n## After you\u2019ve signed up\n\nYou should get a confirmation email from noreply@tax.service.gov.uk within 3 days of signing up. It might go to your spam folder.\n\nDo not submit a VAT Return until you get a confirmation email.\n\nContact HMRC if you do not get an email.\n\n## VAT account\n\nYou must keep a separate record of the VAT you charge and the VAT you pay on your purchases. This record is called a \u2018VAT account\u2019.\n\nYou use the figures in your VAT account to complete your VAT Return.\n\nThere are no rules on what a VAT account should look like, but it must show:\n\n- your total VAT sales\n\n- your total VAT purchases\n\n- the VAT you owe HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- the VAT you can reclaim from HMRC\n\n- if your business uses the VAT Flat Rate Scheme - the flat rate percentage and turnover it applies to\n\nIf you are registered for VAT in Northern Ireland, you must also show the VAT on any EU purchases or sales.\n\n## Errors\n\nIf you\u2019ve made an error in your VAT Return the VAT account must show:\n\n- the date you discovered the error\n\n- details about the error - for example how it happened, how you corrected it\n\nYou may also need to report the error to HMRC.\n\n## Bad debts\n\nIf you write off an invoice as a bad debt, you must keep a separate \u2018VAT bad debt account\u2019. The debt must be older than 6 months and for each bad debt you must show:\n\n- total amount of VAT involved\n\n- amount written off and any payments you\u2019ve received\n\n- the VAT you\u2019re claiming on the debt\n\n- the VAT period(s) you paid the VAT and are claiming the relief\n\n- invoices details like date, customer name\n\nYou must keep this information for 4 years.\n\n## Time of supply or tax point\n\nThe tax point (or \u2018time of supply\u2019) for a transaction is the date the transaction takes place for VAT purposes.\n\nYou need to know this because, for example:\n\n- it\u2019s included on VAT invoices\n\n- it tells you which VAT period the transaction belongs to\n\n- it tells you which VAT Return to put the transaction on\n\nThe tax point can vary, but is usually the following.\n\n| Situation | Tax point |\n\n| No invoice needed | Date of supply |\n\n| VAT invoice issued | Date of invoice |\n\n| VAT invoice issued 15 days or more after the date of supply | Date the supply took place |\n\n| Payment or invoice issued in advance of supply | Date of payment or invoice (whichever is earlier) |\n\n| Payment in advance of supply and no VAT invoice yet issued | Date payment received |\n\nThe date of supply is:\n\n- for goods - the date they\u2019re sent, collected or made available (for example installed in the customer\u2019s house)\n\n- for services - the date the work is finished\n\n## Exceptions\n\nIf you use the VAT Cash Accounting Scheme, the tax point is always the date the payment is received.\n\nThere are different tax point rules for:\n\n- certain trades - like barristers, building and construction\n\n- where the supply is not a \u2018sale\u2019 \u2013 for example business items taken for personal use\n\nSometimes, one sale can give rise to 2 or more tax points - for example where the customer pays a deposit in advance, and then a final payment.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/vat-record-keeping", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My business is UK VAT registered and I follow the rules for making TAX digital for VAT. I usually keep records of zero-rated goods", + "original_question": "Do we need to issue an invoices for zero rated sales?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1972", + "question": "Scenario: I applied for my newborn baby's UK passport but her name is slightly misspelt and I want it corrected .\n\nQuestion: Can i apply for the error correction?\n\nDocument - Change your name or personal details on your passport:\n## How it works\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a new passport to travel abroad or prove your identity if you change any of the following:\n\n- your name\n\n- your gender\n\n- your appearance, if you cannot be recognised from your passport photo any more (for example, you\u2019ve had plastic surgery)\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new 10 year passport. Time left on your old passport will not be added to your new one.\n\n## When you do not need a new passport\n\nYou do not need to get a new passport if you:\n\n- change your address or contact details\n\n- get a new job\n\n- change your appearance slightly - for example, dye your hair or grow a beard\n\n- change your marital status (divorce, marry or form a civil partnership) but keep your name\n\n- change your title, for example, doctor or professor\n\n- become a national of another country as well as the UK\n\n- emigrate\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow up to 10 weeks to get your passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.\n\nYou may be able to get a passport urgently if you need to travel sooner.\n\nDo not book travel until you have a valid passport - your new passport will not have the same number as your old one.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply for a new passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.\n\nStart now\n\n## Apply using a paper application form\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to get your passport.\n\nYou can get a paper application form by either:\n\n- going to a Post Office that has a Check and Send service\n\n- calling the Passport Adviceline\n\nIt costs \u00a385.\n\nFill in and sign your passport application using the name that you want to see printed on your passport.\n\n## Countersignatures\n\nYou must get a countersignature if your appearance has changed and you cannot be recognised from your existing passport.\n\nYou do not need a countersignature if you\u2019re changing your name or adding a title.\n\n## Unexpired visas\n\nUnexpired visas in your old passport may become invalid if you change your name. Check with the embassy or consulate of the country that issued the visa.\n\n## If you have a non-British passport\n\nIf you have dual citizenship (\u2018dual nationality\u2019) and have a non-British passport, the name on your non-British passport must match the name and gender you want on your British passport.\n\nIf it\u2019s different, change the details on your non-British passport before you apply for a new British passport.\n\n## Marriage or civil partnership change\n\nYou can get a new passport in your new name either before or after the ceremony.\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\n## Get a new passport after the ceremony\n\nSend your marriage or civil partnership certificate when you apply for a passport in your new name - this includes double-barrelled names.\n\n## Get a new passport before the ceremony\n\nYou can apply for a passport in your new name up to 3 months before your marriage or civil partnership ceremony.\n\nYour old passport will be cancelled. Your new passport is \u2018post-dated\u2019 - you cannot use it before the ceremony.\n\nSome countries will not issue visas for post-dated passports - check with the country\u2019s embassy or consulate.\n\nYou must send a \u2018passports for newly weds and civil partners\u2019 form with your documents. It must be signed by the religious minister or registrar who will conduct the ceremony.\n\n## Divorce or returning to a previous surname\n\nWhen you apply, you also need to send:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- a statement signed by you saying you\u2019ve gone back to a previous surname (for example your maiden name) \u2018for all purposes\u2019 - that is, you will not use your married or civil partnership name at all\n\n- a document that shows you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\n- your decree absolute or final order showing both names\n\n- a marriage or civil partnership certificate showing both names - if you do not have it you can order a copy\n\n## Gender change\n\nSend one of the following when you apply for a passport:\n\n- a Gender Recognition Certificate\n\n- a new birth or adoption certificate showing your acquired gender\n\n- a letter from your doctor or medical consultant confirming your change of gender is likely to be permanent\n\nIf you\u2019re sending a letter from your doctor or medical consultant and you\u2019re changing your name, you\u2019ll also need to supply both of the following:\n\n- evidence of your change of name (such as a deed poll)\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\nRead the information about passports for transgender and transsexual people if you need help.\n\n## Titles and small changes to forenames\n\nYou can:\n\n- change the spelling of your name slightly - for example, Jane to Jayne\n\n- change the order of your forenames\n\n- remove middle names\n\nSend 2 documents that show you\u2019re using your new name. These can include a:\n\n- letter from a local council or government department\n\n- driving licence\n\n- bank statement\n\n- baptism or confirmation certificate\n\n## Titles you can use on your passport\n\nYou can include:\n\n- professional titles - for example, doctor, judge, minister of religion, professor, QC, or JP if you\u2019re a magistrate\n\n- honours or military decorations\n\nPut the details in the \u2018other title\u2019 box of your application and send evidence of your title.\n\nYour title will be on the \u2018observations\u2019 page of your passport - it will not be part of your name, except if it\u2019s a title of nobility, for example knight, dame or a lord.\n\n## Other name changes\n\nYou can change your name on your passport with one of the following documents:\n\n- a deed poll\n\n- a statutory declaration\n\n- an affidavit\n\nSend it with both:\n\n- proof of any previous name changes you\u2019ve made\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip or a letter from your local council)", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I applied for my newborn baby's UK passport but her name is slightly misspelt and I want it corrected .", + "original_question": "Can i apply for the error correction?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1973", + "question": "Scenario: My husband and I are getting married. We are planning to have our marriage ceremony soon and would like to change my surname to match his. We also want to travel before the ceremony.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for the new passport?\n\nDocument - Change your name or personal details on your passport:\n## How it works\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a new passport to travel abroad or prove your identity if you change any of the following:\n\n- your name\n\n- your gender\n\n- your appearance, if you cannot be recognised from your passport photo any more (for example, you\u2019ve had plastic surgery)\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new 10 year passport. Time left on your old passport will not be added to your new one.\n\n## When you do not need a new passport\n\nYou do not need to get a new passport if you:\n\n- change your address or contact details\n\n- get a new job\n\n- change your appearance slightly - for example, dye your hair or grow a beard\n\n- change your marital status (divorce, marry or form a civil partnership) but keep your name\n\n- change your title, for example, doctor or professor\n\n- become a national of another country as well as the UK\n\n- emigrate\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow up to 10 weeks to get your passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.\n\nYou may be able to get a passport urgently if you need to travel sooner.\n\nDo not book travel until you have a valid passport - your new passport will not have the same number as your old one.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply for a new passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.\n\nStart now\n\n## Apply using a paper application form\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to get your passport.\n\nYou can get a paper application form by either:\n\n- going to a Post Office that has a Check and Send service\n\n- calling the Passport Adviceline\n\nIt costs \u00a385.\n\nFill in and sign your passport application using the name that you want to see printed on your passport.\n\n## Countersignatures\n\nYou must get a countersignature if your appearance has changed and you cannot be recognised from your existing passport.\n\nYou do not need a countersignature if you\u2019re changing your name or adding a title.\n\n## Unexpired visas\n\nUnexpired visas in your old passport may become invalid if you change your name. Check with the embassy or consulate of the country that issued the visa.\n\n## If you have a non-British passport\n\nIf you have dual citizenship (\u2018dual nationality\u2019) and have a non-British passport, the name on your non-British passport must match the name and gender you want on your British passport.\n\nIf it\u2019s different, change the details on your non-British passport before you apply for a new British passport.\n\n## Marriage or civil partnership change\n\nYou can get a new passport in your new name either before or after the ceremony.\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\n## Get a new passport after the ceremony\n\nSend your marriage or civil partnership certificate when you apply for a passport in your new name - this includes double-barrelled names.\n\n## Get a new passport before the ceremony\n\nYou can apply for a passport in your new name up to 3 months before your marriage or civil partnership ceremony.\n\nYour old passport will be cancelled. Your new passport is \u2018post-dated\u2019 - you cannot use it before the ceremony.\n\nSome countries will not issue visas for post-dated passports - check with the country\u2019s embassy or consulate.\n\nYou must send a \u2018passports for newly weds and civil partners\u2019 form with your documents. It must be signed by the religious minister or registrar who will conduct the ceremony.\n\n## Divorce or returning to a previous surname\n\nWhen you apply, you also need to send:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- a statement signed by you saying you\u2019ve gone back to a previous surname (for example your maiden name) \u2018for all purposes\u2019 - that is, you will not use your married or civil partnership name at all\n\n- a document that shows you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\n- your decree absolute or final order showing both names\n\n- a marriage or civil partnership certificate showing both names - if you do not have it you can order a copy\n\n## Gender change\n\nSend one of the following when you apply for a passport:\n\n- a Gender Recognition Certificate\n\n- a new birth or adoption certificate showing your acquired gender\n\n- a letter from your doctor or medical consultant confirming your change of gender is likely to be permanent\n\nIf you\u2019re sending a letter from your doctor or medical consultant and you\u2019re changing your name, you\u2019ll also need to supply both of the following:\n\n- evidence of your change of name (such as a deed poll)\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\nRead the information about passports for transgender and transsexual people if you need help.\n\n## Titles and small changes to forenames\n\nYou can:\n\n- change the spelling of your name slightly - for example, Jane to Jayne\n\n- change the order of your forenames\n\n- remove middle names\n\nSend 2 documents that show you\u2019re using your new name. These can include a:\n\n- letter from a local council or government department\n\n- driving licence\n\n- bank statement\n\n- baptism or confirmation certificate\n\n## Titles you can use on your passport\n\nYou can include:\n\n- professional titles - for example, doctor, judge, minister of religion, professor, QC, or JP if you\u2019re a magistrate\n\n- honours or military decorations\n\nPut the details in the \u2018other title\u2019 box of your application and send evidence of your title.\n\nYour title will be on the \u2018observations\u2019 page of your passport - it will not be part of your name, except if it\u2019s a title of nobility, for example knight, dame or a lord.\n\n## Other name changes\n\nYou can change your name on your passport with one of the following documents:\n\n- a deed poll\n\n- a statutory declaration\n\n- an affidavit\n\nSend it with both:\n\n- proof of any previous name changes you\u2019ve made\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip or a letter from your local council)", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My husband and I are getting married. We are planning to have our marriage ceremony soon and would like to change my surname to match his. We also want to travel before the ceremony.", + "original_question": "Can I apply for the new passport?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1978", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Lisa is a doctor by profession from the United States.She is eligible for a heath and care work visa. She wants to compile documents and pay all the needed fees.\n\nQuestion: Doe she need to pay for a healthcare surcharge ?\n\nDocument - Pay for UK healthcare as part of your immigration application:\n## Overview\n\nYou might need to pay a healthcare surcharge (called the \u2018immigration health surcharge\u2019 or IHS) as part of your immigration application.\n\nWhether you need to pay depends on the immigration status you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nIf you\u2019re making your immigration application online, you pay the surcharge as part of your application or when you book an appointment.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying by post, you pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include the IHS reference number on your application form.\n\n## When you can start to use the NHS\n\nYou can start using the National Health Service (NHS) when both:\n\n- you\u2019ve paid the healthcare surcharge (or are exempt from paying it)\n\n- your visa or immigration application is granted\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to pay for certain types of services, such as prescriptions, dental treatment, eye tests and assisted conception.\n\nWhen you access healthcare in the UK, you may need to:\n\n- provide your biometric residence permit, if you have one\n\n- prove your status online using a share code, if you have a digital immigration status\n\n## Who needs to pay\n\nYou usually need to pay the healthcare surcharge if you\u2019re applying for a visa or immigration application:\n\n- for more than 6 months, if you\u2019re applying outside the UK\n\n- for any length of time, if you\u2019re applying inside the UK\n\nYou do not need to pay if you\u2019re applying for a visitor visa or to remain in the UK permanently.\n\nYou still need to pay even if you have private medical insurance.\n\n## Who only needs an IHS reference number\n\nYou still need to use the payment service to get an immigration health surcharge (IHS) reference number but you will not need to pay if:\n\n- you\u2019re a child under 18 who has been taken into care by a local authority\n\n- you\u2019re a relevant civilian employee at NATO or the Australian Department of Defence in the UK (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\nThe service will tell you that you do not have to pay anything and will give you your healthcare surcharge reference number for your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the National Health Service (NHS) even if you\u2019re exempt from paying.\n\n## Who does not need to pay or get an IHS reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to use the NHS without paying the surcharge or getting a reference number if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to enter or remain\n\n- you\u2019re a health and care worker who is eligible for a Health and Care Worker visa (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re applying to the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- you\u2019re a diplomat or a member of a visiting armed forces and not subject to immigration control\n\n- you\u2019re a dependant of a member of the UK\u2019s armed forces\n\n- you\u2019re the dependant of a member of another country\u2019s armed forces who is exempt from immigration control\n\n- you\u2019re applying for a visa for the Isle of Man or Channel Islands\n\n- you\u2019re a British Overseas Territory citizen resident in the Falkland Islands\n\n- you\u2019re an asylum seeker or applying for humanitarian protection (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re a domestic worker who has been identified as a victim of slavery or human trafficking\n\n- you\u2019re applying for discretionary leave to remain in the UK as someone who has been identified as a victim of slavery or human trafficking (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- the Home Office\u2019s domestic violence concession applies to you (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- being made to leave the UK would be against your rights under Article 3 of the European Convention of Human Rights (or you\u2019re their dependant)\n\n- you\u2019re an S2 Healthcare Visitor\n\n- you\u2019re eligible for a Frontier Worker permit and have an S1 certificate\n\nYou need to pay the healthcare surcharge if you apply for indefinite leave to remain but are only given limited leave. You\u2019ll need to pay before you\u2019re given the leave.\n\n## Visitor visas and short-term visas\n\nYou do not need to pay the surcharge or get an IHS reference number if you\u2019re applying for a:\n\n- visitor visa\n\n- visa for 6 months or less from outside the UK\n\nYou will need to pay for any NHS care you get at the point you use it - unless it\u2019s a service that\u2019s free.\n\n## How much you have to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay:\n\n- \u00a3470 per year for a student or Youth Mobility Scheme visa, for example \u00a3940 for a 2-year visa\n\n- \u00a3470 per year for visa and immigration applicants who are under the age of 18 at time of application\n\n- \u00a3624 per year for all other visa and immigration applications, for example \u00a33,120 for a 5-year visa\n\nDependants aged 18 or over usually need to pay the same amount as you.\n\nThe exact amount you have to pay depends on how much leave you\u2019re granted. Calculate how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay half of the yearly amount if your application includes part of a year that is less than 6 months.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay for a whole year if your application includes part of a year that is more than 6 months.\n\nYou\u2019ll automatically get a partial refund if you paid the healthcare surcharge for more years than you were granted leave.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nIf you apply for a visa online, you pay the surcharge as part of the application.\n\nIf you apply for a visa by post, you must pay the surcharge online before you send your application. You\u2019ll need to include your IHS reference number on the application form.\n\n## If you do not pay\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email from UK Visas and Immigration if you do not pay the surcharge (or do not pay enough) as part of your visa or immigration application.\n\nCheck your junk folder if you cannot see the email in your inbox.\n\nOnce you get the email, you must pay the surcharge within:\n\n- 10 working days if you\u2019re inside the UK\n\n- 7 working days if you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYour visa or immigration application will be turned down if you do not pay the full amount in this time.\n\n## Pay the healthcare surcharge\n\nIf you\u2019re making an immigration application online you pay the healthcare surcharge as part of the application process. You must complete the payment and return to the online immigration application in less than 30 minutes.\n\nIf you\u2019re making an immigration application by post you must pay the healthcare surcharge before you complete your application.\n\nYou must pay the healthcare surcharge by debit or credit card.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying online, you\u2019ll be asked for:\n\n- the start and end dates on your certificate of sponsorship, if you have one\n\n- your course dates, if you\u2019re applying as a student\n\nIf you\u2019re applying by post, you\u2019ll also be asked for:\n\n- the type of visa you\u2019re applying for\n\n- your passport or travel document number\n\n- an email address\n\nPay now\n\nYou need to pay by cash at the UK embassy if you\u2019re in the Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea.\n\n## Family members\n\nYou\u2019ll need the same information that you used to pay for:\n\n- any person applying for a visa or other immigration application with you, for example a dependant\n\n- any person you\u2019re applying to join or remain who is already in the UK (you do not need to add this person\u2019s details if they are a UK or EEA citizen)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need their leave expiry date if you\u2019re joining someone in the UK (or IHS reference number if they have one).\n\n## Finish your visa or immigration application\n\n- You\u2019ll be sent an email with an IHS reference number. This will also be shown on screen when you\u2019ve paid. You can only use this number once - you\u2019ll need to get another one if you reapply.\n\n- You\u2019ll need to write this on the cover of your visa application if you\u2019re applying by post. You need this reference even if you\u2019re exempt from paying the healthcare surcharge.\n\n- Finish your application form and pay your visa or immigration application fee.\n\n## Refunds\n\nYou\u2019ll get a full immigration health surcharge (IHS) refund if:\n\n- you paid twice\n\n- your visa application is refused\n\n- you withdraw your visa application\n\nYou\u2019ll get a partial IHS refund if your visa application\u2019s successful but:\n\n- you get less time on your visa than you asked for\n\n- any dependants on your visa application are refused\n\nIf you are due a full or partial refund for these reasons, you do not have to do anything to get it. It will be automatically paid to the account or card you paid with.\n\nYou will not get a refund if:\n\n- your visa application is successful but you do not come to the UK\n\n- you leave the UK before your visa ends, for example to make a new application\n\n- you\u2019re told to leave the UK before your visa expires\n\n- you\u2019re applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\n## If your healthcare is paid for by an EU country\n\nYou may get a full or partial IHS refund if you have an S1 certificate registered with the NHS Business Services Authority.\n\nYou can also apply for a full or partial IHS refund if all of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re a full-time student in UK higher education\n\n- your visa started on or after 1 January 2021\n\n- you have a European Healthcare Insurance Card (EHIC) issued in an EU country\n\n- you do not work\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming as a full-time student with an EHIC, you can apply for a refund of the IHS you paid to cover any period starting on or after 1 January 2021. Applications open from 1 January 2022.\n\nThe amount you\u2019re refunded will depend on the date your S1 certificate or EHIC runs out.\n\nFind out more about applying for a refund.\n\n## If you work in health and care\n\nYou and your dependants may be able to get a refund of the IHS if you work in health and care.\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for a refund as a health or care worker.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nYou usually get your refund within 6 weeks of getting a decision on your visa application. It can take longer if you appeal or ask for an administrative review after your visa application is refused.\n\n## If you appeal or ask for an administrative review\n\nIf you applied from:\n\n- inside the UK - you\u2019ll get your refund up to 6 weeks after your appeal or administrative review is dismissed\n\n- outside the UK - you\u2019ll get your refund up to 6 weeks after your visa application is refused\n\nYou\u2019ll have to repay the IHS if your appeal or administrative review is successful and you\u2019ve already got your IHS refund.\n\nYou might have to repay a different amount if:\n\n- the length of your stay changes\n\n- you get less time on your visa than you asked for\n\nContact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) if your refund is not paid within 6 weeks.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/healthcare-immigration-application", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Lisa is a doctor by profession from the United States.She is eligible for a heath and care work visa. She wants to compile documents and pay all the needed fees.", + "original_question": "Doe she need to pay for a healthcare surcharge ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1980", + "question": "Scenario: I am a UK registered traveller from Botswana and I have 30 days left on my membership. I want to add my son to my Registered traveller membership .\n\nQuestion: Is it possible?\n\nDocument - Registered Traveller: faster entry through the UK border:\n## Overview\n\nThe Registered Traveller service can help you get through the UK border faster.\n\nRegistered Travellers can use UK channels at some airports and train stations. You can use:\n\n- UK passport entry lanes\n\n- ePassport gates - if your passport has a \u2018chip\u2019\n\nYou\u2019ll need to carry your visa or biometric residence permit, if you have one.\n\nYou can no longer use the Registered Traveller service if you\u2019re from Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea or the United States. You may be able to use the ePassport gates instead.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo apply for Registered Traveller membership, you must be 18 or older and have an eligible passport.\n\nYou must also either:\n\n- have a UK visa or entry clearance\n\n- have visited the UK at least 4 times in the last 24 months\n\nIt counts as visiting when you enter the UK from another country. It does not count if you\u2019re just passing through the UK on your way to another country.\n\n## Eligible passports\n\n## Africa\n\nBotswana, Namibia, Seychelles.\n\n## Asia\n\nBrunei, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region passports only), Macao Special Administrative Region, Malaysia, Maldives, Taiwan (if your passport has a personal ID number on the photo page).\n\n## Europe\n\nAndorra, Monaco, Vatican City State.\n\n## Middle East\n\nIsrael.\n\n## North America\n\nBahamas, Mexico, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.\n\n## Oceania\n\nNauru, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Tonga.\n\n## South and Central America\n\nArgentina, Belize, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay.\n\n## Where you can use Registered Traveller\n\nYou can use the service at the following airports:\n\n- Birmingham\n\n- Bristol\n\n- Cardiff\n\n- East Midlands\n\n- Edinburgh\n\n- Gatwick\n\n- Glasgow\n\n- Heathrow\n\n- London City\n\n- Luton\n\n- Manchester\n\n- Southend\n\n- Stansted\n\nYou can use the service at the following Eurostar terminals:\n\n- Brussels\n\n- Lille\n\n- Paris\n\n## How to apply\n\nBefore you apply, check you\u2019re eligible.\n\n- Apply online for Registered Traveller membership. You\u2019ll need your passport number and expiry date. It costs \u00a370 and and lasts 12 months.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 10 working days. You\u2019ll get \u00a350 back if your application is unsuccessful.\n\n- If your application is accepted, the next time you travel to the UK you must go through the \u2018other passports\u2019 lane.\n\n- The immigration officer will check that you meet the criteria and tell you if you can become a member. Your 12 month membership will start on the day you submitted your application.\n\n## Renew or update your membership\n\nIt costs \u00a350 to renew your Registered Traveller membership for another year.\n\nIt costs \u00a320 to update your passport details if you get a new passport. You must do this before you travel to the UK.\n\nYou must also update your details if your visa or immigration status changes. There\u2019s no fee to do this.\n\nYou can also renew or update your child\u2019s membership.\n\n## Add children to your membership\n\nYou can apply to add your children to your Registered Traveller membership if you have 29 days or more left on it.\n\nOnce your child is added to your membership, you can both use the UK passport lanes together.\n\nYou will not be able to use the ePassport gates.\n\nYour child\u2019s membership will expire at the same time as yours. You\u2019ll need to renew or update your and your child\u2019s memberships separately.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve added the child to your membership, they can also travel with their other parent as long as they\u2019re also a member. Before they travel together, you\u2019ll need to email the Home Office with full names and Registered Traveller numbers for:\n\n- you\n\n- your child\n\n- your child\u2019s other parent\n\nHome Office Registered Traveller service\nrtinbox@homeoffice.gov.uk\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour child must:\n\n- be 17 or under\n\n- have an eligible passport\n\n- have a visa or entry clearance, if they\u2019re not applying as a visitor\n\n## Fee\n\nYou must pay a \u00a320 administration fee to apply for each child, plus a membership fee. This is worked out as \u00a32 a month until your membership expires.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the membership fee back if your application is unsuccessful. You will not get the \u00a320 administration fee back.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply and pay for each child separately.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your:\n\n\u2022 Registered Traveller number\n\u2022 child\u2019s passport number and expiry date\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 10 working days.\n\n## Renew or update your child\u2019s membership\n\nYou\u2019ll need to sign in with your child\u2019s Registered Traveller number and date of birth to renew or update their membership.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a membership fee to renew your child\u2019s membership, which is worked out as \u00a32 a month until your membership expires.\n\nIt costs \u00a320 to update your child\u2019s passport details if they get a new passport. You must do this before your child travels to the UK.\n\nYou must also update your child\u2019s details if their visa or immigration status changes. There\u2019s no fee to do this.\n\n## When you travel to the UK\n\nIf your application is successful, the first time you and your child travel to the UK you must both go through the \u2018other passports\u2019 lane together.\n\nYou might need to prove the relationship between you and any children travelling with you, for example if you have different surnames.\n\nYou can do this with:\n\n\u2022 a birth or adoption certificate showing your relationship to the child\n\u2022 a divorce or marriage certificate if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname to the child\n\nThe immigration officer will then confirm your child has been added to your membership. You\u2019ll get a confirmation email within 48 hours.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registered-traveller", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a UK registered traveller from Botswana and I have 30 days left on my membership. I want to add my son to my Registered traveller membership .", + "original_question": "Is it possible?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1982", + "question": "Scenario: I am 25 and have only been in my retail job for five months. I have just been told that there is not enough work for all of the employees and so I am being put on short time. I am unhappy about this as I can't pay my rent now.\n\nQuestion: Is it legal for my employer to have done this?\n\nDocument - Lay-offs and short-time working:\n## Overview\n\nYour employer can ask you to stay at home or take unpaid leave if there\u2019s not enough work for you.\n\nA lay-off is if you\u2019re off work for at least 1 working day. Short-time working is when your hours are cut.\n\n## How long you can be laid off\n\nThere\u2019s no limit for how long you can be laid off or put on short-time. You could apply for redundancy and claim redundancy pay if it\u2019s been:\n\n- 4 weeks in a row\n\n- 6 weeks in a 13-week period\n\n## Lay-off pay entitlement and short-time working payments\n\nYou should get your full pay unless your contract allows unpaid or reduced pay lay-offs.\n\nIf you\u2019re unpaid, you\u2019re entitled to guarantee pay.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been told to take unpaid leave or reduced pay because of Coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might still be able to pay 80% of your wages.\n\n## Guarantee pay\n\n## Rate and length of statutory lay-off pay\n\nYou\u2019re entitled to guarantee pay during lay off or short-time working. The maximum you can get is \u00a330 a day for 5 days in any 3-month period - so a maximum of \u00a3150.\n\nIf you usually earn less than \u00a330 a day you\u2019ll get your normal daily rate.\n\nIf you work part-time, your entitlement is worked out proportionally.\n\nYou cannot claim guarantee pay for any day that you do some work.\n\n## Eligibility for statutory lay-off pay\n\nYou must:\n\n- have been employed continuously for 1 month (includes part-time workers)\n\n- reasonably make sure you\u2019re available for work\n\n- not refuse any reasonable alternative work (including work not in your contract)\n\n- not have been laid off because of industrial action\n\n## Statutory lay-off pay and your employment contract\n\nYour employer may have their own guarantee pay scheme. It cannot be less than the statutory arrangements. If you get your employer\u2019s payments, you do not get statutory lay-off pay on top of this.\n\nNot paying guarantee pay counts as an unlawful deduction from your wages - you could make a claim to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Applying for redundancy\n\nYou could apply for redundancy and claim redundancy pay if you\u2019ve been laid off without pay or put on short-time and receive less than half a week\u2019s pay for:\n\n- 4 or more weeks in a row\n\n- 6 or more weeks in a 13-week period\n\n- Write to your employer to claim redundancy within 4 weeks of the last day of the lay-off or short-time period.\n\n- Your employer has 7 days to accept your claim or give you a written counter-notice.\n\n- If your employer does not give you counter-notice, you can assume they\u2019ve accepted your redundancy claim.\n\n- A counter-notice means your employer expects work will soon be available - it must start within 4 weeks and must last at least 13 weeks.\n\nYour employer can withdraw their counter-notice in writing.\n\n## Resigning\n\nYou must resign to get redundancy pay. The timing is crucial - you have 3 weeks to hand in your notice, starting from:\n\n- 7 days after you gave written notice to your employer (if you did not get a counter-notice)\n\n- the date your employer withdrew their counter-notice\n\nYou can get help from Citizens Advice.\n\n## Extra work or claiming benefits\n\nYou can take on another job while you\u2019re laid off or on short-time (unless your contract says you must not).\n\nYou should:\n\n- get your employer\u2019s agreement\n\n- make sure you\u2019re not working for a competitor\n\n- make sure you\u2019re available for your original job once the lay-off or short-time ends\n\n## Benefits you can claim\n\nYou might be able to get Universal Credit or \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (or both) while you\u2019re laid off or on short-time.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/lay-offs-short-timeworking", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 25 and have only been in my retail job for five months. I have just been told that there is not enough work for all of the employees and so I am being put on short time. I am unhappy about this as I can't pay my rent now.", + "original_question": "Is it legal for my employer to have done this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1986", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 21 year old factory worker and have been in my job for four months. My supervisor is wanting to call a strike for better pay. My co workers are going to strike but I am afraid that I will be sacked if I join as I've been there so short a time.\n\nQuestion: Are there any potential penalities likely to be taken against me if I participate in industrial action?\n\nDocument - Taking part in industrial action and strikes:\n## Overview\n\nIndustrial action is when workers:\n\n- go on strike\n\n- take other action, like refusing to do overtime (known as \u2018action short of a strike\u2019)\n\nSometimes an employer may stop their workers from working or coming back to work during a dispute. This is called a \u2018lock-out\u2019.\n\n## Calling industrial action\n\nIndustrial action happens when trade union members are in a dispute with their employers that can\u2019t be solved through negotiations.\n\nA trade union can only call for industrial action if a majority of its members involved support it in a properly organised postal vote - called a \u2018ballot\u2019.\n\nBefore organising a ballot, a union must decide which members affected by a dispute it wants to ask to take industrial action. It must tell all members entitled to vote and the employer what the ballot results were.\n\nA trade union calls industrial action by telling members and the employer when and how this action will be taken. This should be done by a trade union official or committee that has the legal right to do so. Your voting paper must have said who this is.\n\n## Taking part in industrial action - your rights\n\nIf you\u2019re a trade union member, you have the right to vote before your union asks you to take industrial action. You don\u2019t have to take part in industrial action and can\u2019t be disciplined by your union if you don\u2019t.\n\nIf you do get excluded or expelled from your union, you can complain to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Secondary action\n\nIt\u2019s against the law to take part in \u2018secondary action\u2019 (going on strike in sympathy with people who work for a different employer).\n\n## Holding a ballot\n\nYour union must have a vote (a \u2018ballot\u2019) that\u2019s properly organised according to legal rules.\n\n## Properly organised ballots\n\nA ballot for industrial action must:\n\n- be supervised by a qualified independent person (a \u2018scrutineer\u2019 - often someone from an organisation like the Electoral Reform Society) appointed by the union if over 50 members are being balloted\n\n- be held before the union asks members to take or continue taking action\n\n- be open to all members the union wants to take action\n\n- be a postal ballot where members vote by marking a box on a voting paper and return it in a prepaid envelope\n\n- include information on what the ballot is about and where to post your vote\n\nThe union must tell everyone entitled to vote how many people voted, the number of yes votes, no votes or spoiled papers as soon as it can after the ballot.\n\nIt must also give the employer one week\u2019s notice of the start of the ballot and tell them the result as soon as\u00a0possible once it\u2019s available.\n\nThere\u2019s practical guidance on these rules in the code of practice on industrial action ballots.\n\n## Questions on the voting paper\n\nWhen you\u2019re balloted, your voting paper must ask whether you want to take part in either (or both):\n\n- strike action\n\n- action short of a strike\n\nThe union can only call on members to take action if a majority of members who voted were in favour of that particular action. If both questions are asked on the ballot paper and members vote yes to both, the union can decide what industrial action to take.\n\n## Complaining about ballots\n\nYou can apply for a court order if your union breaks the rules on industrial action ballots. You can take legal advice before doing this.\n\nThe court may order the union not to organise action if it decides a ballot wasn\u2019t held according to the rules.\n\nYou can apply for a temporary injunction that tells the union not to call industrial action if your case can\u2019t be heard in court straight away.\n\nIf the union doesn\u2019t do what the court says, you can ask them to \u2018declare the union to be in contempt of court\u2019 and the union can be fined.\n\n## Your employment rights during industrial action\n\nYou have the right to take industrial action and you can\u2019t be legally forced to stay at, or go back to, work (unless a ballot wasn\u2019t organised properly).\n\nIf you take industrial action, you\u2019ll probably have broken (be \u2018in breach of\u2019) your employment contract and your employer:\n\n- is unlikely to pay for the work you didn\u2019t do when you took industrial action\n\n- can sue you for breaking your contract (this doesn\u2019t happen often)\n\nTaking industrial action doesn\u2019t usually mean that your employer will say you\u2019ve broken your period of continuous employment with them. This begins when you start working for your employer and ends on the day your employer uses to calculate your length of service.\n\nHowever, if you take industrial action, your employer will reduce your length of service with them by the number of days you were on strike. This is important when working out your pension and things like statutory redundancy pay.\n\n## Dismissal for industrial action\n\nYou can\u2019t be dismissed for industrial action if:\n\n- it\u2019s called as a result of a properly organised ballot\n\n- it\u2019s about a trade dispute between workers and their employer (eg about your terms and conditions)\n\n- a detailed notice about the industrial action (which is legally required) has been given to the employer at least 7 days before it begins\n\nYou can claim unfair dismissal at an employment tribunal if you\u2019re dismissed for taking industrial action at any time within the 12 weeks after the action began.\n\nAfter 12 weeks, you can be dismissed if you take industrial action and your employer has tried to settle the dispute. For example, your employer may bring in advisers from Acas to help find a solution.\n\n## When you may be dismissed\n\nYou could be dismissed for taking part in industrial action if:\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t held a properly organised ballot\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t given the employer the correct notice for balloting members or taking action\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t called its members to take action because they think the dispute is settled or action is called by someone who doesn\u2019t have the authority to do so\n\n- it\u2019s in support of workers taking action against another employer (otherwise known as \u2018sympathy\u2019 or \u2018secondary\u2019 action)\n\n- it\u2019s in support of only employing union members (otherwise known as a \u2018closed shop\u2019)\n\n- it breaks any other parts of industrial action law\n\nIf you take part in industrial action that breaks the regulations and you\u2019re dismissed, you can\u2019t usually claim unfair dismissal if all employees taking part are dismissed as well.\n\nThere\u2019s more detail on legal rights and protections in the guidance on industrial action and the law.\n\n## Industrial action by non-union members\n\nNon-union members who take part in legal, official industrial action have the same rights as union members not to be dismissed as a result of taking action.\n\n## Going on strike and picketing\n\nA picket line is where workers and union reps (\u2018picketers\u2019 or \u2018pickets\u2019) stand outside a workplace to tell other people why they are striking. Pickets may also ask people not to:\n\n- do some of their usual work\n\n- go into work\n\nPickets must not prevent people from going to work or doing their usual work if they want to do so.\n\nThe picketing code of practice explains the rules around lawful picketing.\n\n## Picketing and the law\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence for pickets to:\n\n- use threatening or abusive behaviour to people walking past or crossing the picket line\n\n- block people or vehicles trying to get into the workplace which is on strike (called \u2018causing an obstruction\u2019 by police)\n\n- carry weapons\n\n- damage property\n\n- cause or threaten to cause a \u2018breach of the peace\u2019\n\n- try to block roads near the picket line (called \u2018causing an obstruction to the public highway\u2019)\n\n- try to stop the police who are outside the workplace from doing their job\n\nYou can have legal action taken against you if you break the law or encourage others to do so when you\u2019re picketing. This includes:\n\n- trespassing (trying to enter a building without permission)\n\n- making a noise nuisance\n\n- using threatening language or offensive material, libel or slander in leaflets, banners, placards, chants or speeches\n\nIf you break a court order banning you or your trade union from holding a picket, you could be open to further legal action (otherwise known as \u2018contempt of court\u2019).\n\n## Mass picketing\n\nPolice have special powers to stop a mass picket if they think there\u2019s a danger of:\n\n- serious public disorder (like a riot)\n\n- serious damage to property\n\nThe Code of Practice on picketing says usually there should be no more than 6 people outside an entrance to a workplace.\n\nIf you don\u2019t stop picketing when told do so by police, you can be arrested.\n\n## Flying pickets\n\nFlying pickets are groups of striking workers that move from one workplace to another to picket them. Usually flying pickets are illegal - you can only join a picket line at your workplace.\n\nTrade union reps can be on picket lines at different workplaces if they\u2019re responsible for organising workers in those workplaces.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-action-strikes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 21 year old factory worker and have been in my job for four months. My supervisor is wanting to call a strike for better pay. My co workers are going to strike but I am afraid that I will be sacked if I join as I've been there so short a time.", + "original_question": "Are there any potential penalities likely to be taken against me if I participate in industrial action?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1989", + "question": "Scenario: Myself and my Husband are Registered Travellers from North America. We have visited the UK many times before and have just applied for our visas. I had a baby last year.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible to add children onto our Registered Travellers membership?\n\nDocument - Registered Traveller: faster entry through the UK border:\n## Overview\n\nThe Registered Traveller service can help you get through the UK border faster.\n\nRegistered Travellers can use UK channels at some airports and train stations. You can use:\n\n- UK passport entry lanes\n\n- ePassport gates - if your passport has a \u2018chip\u2019\n\nYou\u2019ll need to carry your visa or biometric residence permit, if you have one.\n\nYou can no longer use the Registered Traveller service if you\u2019re from Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea or the United States. You may be able to use the ePassport gates instead.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo apply for Registered Traveller membership, you must be 18 or older and have an eligible passport.\n\nYou must also either:\n\n- have a UK visa or entry clearance\n\n- have visited the UK at least 4 times in the last 24 months\n\nIt counts as visiting when you enter the UK from another country. It does not count if you\u2019re just passing through the UK on your way to another country.\n\n## Eligible passports\n\n## Africa\n\nBotswana, Namibia, Seychelles.\n\n## Asia\n\nBrunei, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region passports only), Macao Special Administrative Region, Malaysia, Maldives, Taiwan (if your passport has a personal ID number on the photo page).\n\n## Europe\n\nAndorra, Monaco, Vatican City State.\n\n## Middle East\n\nIsrael.\n\n## North America\n\nBahamas, Mexico, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.\n\n## Oceania\n\nNauru, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Tonga.\n\n## South and Central America\n\nArgentina, Belize, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay.\n\n## Where you can use Registered Traveller\n\nYou can use the service at the following airports:\n\n- Birmingham\n\n- Bristol\n\n- Cardiff\n\n- East Midlands\n\n- Edinburgh\n\n- Gatwick\n\n- Glasgow\n\n- Heathrow\n\n- London City\n\n- Luton\n\n- Manchester\n\n- Southend\n\n- Stansted\n\nYou can use the service at the following Eurostar terminals:\n\n- Brussels\n\n- Lille\n\n- Paris\n\n## How to apply\n\nBefore you apply, check you\u2019re eligible.\n\n- Apply online for Registered Traveller membership. You\u2019ll need your passport number and expiry date. It costs \u00a370 and and lasts 12 months.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 10 working days. You\u2019ll get \u00a350 back if your application is unsuccessful.\n\n- If your application is accepted, the next time you travel to the UK you must go through the \u2018other passports\u2019 lane.\n\n- The immigration officer will check that you meet the criteria and tell you if you can become a member. Your 12 month membership will start on the day you submitted your application.\n\n## Renew or update your membership\n\nIt costs \u00a350 to renew your Registered Traveller membership for another year.\n\nIt costs \u00a320 to update your passport details if you get a new passport. You must do this before you travel to the UK.\n\nYou must also update your details if your visa or immigration status changes. There\u2019s no fee to do this.\n\nYou can also renew or update your child\u2019s membership.\n\n## Add children to your membership\n\nYou can apply to add your children to your Registered Traveller membership if you have 29 days or more left on it.\n\nOnce your child is added to your membership, you can both use the UK passport lanes together.\n\nYou will not be able to use the ePassport gates.\n\nYour child\u2019s membership will expire at the same time as yours. You\u2019ll need to renew or update your and your child\u2019s memberships separately.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve added the child to your membership, they can also travel with their other parent as long as they\u2019re also a member. Before they travel together, you\u2019ll need to email the Home Office with full names and Registered Traveller numbers for:\n\n- you\n\n- your child\n\n- your child\u2019s other parent\n\nHome Office Registered Traveller service\nrtinbox@homeoffice.gov.uk\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour child must:\n\n- be 17 or under\n\n- have an eligible passport\n\n- have a visa or entry clearance, if they\u2019re not applying as a visitor\n\n## Fee\n\nYou must pay a \u00a320 administration fee to apply for each child, plus a membership fee. This is worked out as \u00a32 a month until your membership expires.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the membership fee back if your application is unsuccessful. You will not get the \u00a320 administration fee back.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply and pay for each child separately.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your:\n\n\u2022 Registered Traveller number\n\u2022 child\u2019s passport number and expiry date\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 10 working days.\n\n## Renew or update your child\u2019s membership\n\nYou\u2019ll need to sign in with your child\u2019s Registered Traveller number and date of birth to renew or update their membership.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a membership fee to renew your child\u2019s membership, which is worked out as \u00a32 a month until your membership expires.\n\nIt costs \u00a320 to update your child\u2019s passport details if they get a new passport. You must do this before your child travels to the UK.\n\nYou must also update your child\u2019s details if their visa or immigration status changes. There\u2019s no fee to do this.\n\n## When you travel to the UK\n\nIf your application is successful, the first time you and your child travel to the UK you must both go through the \u2018other passports\u2019 lane together.\n\nYou might need to prove the relationship between you and any children travelling with you, for example if you have different surnames.\n\nYou can do this with:\n\n\u2022 a birth or adoption certificate showing your relationship to the child\n\u2022 a divorce or marriage certificate if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname to the child\n\nThe immigration officer will then confirm your child has been added to your membership. You\u2019ll get a confirmation email within 48 hours.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registered-traveller", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Myself and my Husband are Registered Travellers from North America. We have visited the UK many times before and have just applied for our visas. I had a baby last year.", + "original_question": "Is it possible to add children onto our Registered Travellers membership?" + }, + { + "id": "train-1994", + "question": "Scenario: I have lived in the UK with my husband for six years, who has a Turkish Businessperson visa. I have met the language and English knowledge requirements. I am dependant on my husband. I want to apply for indefinite stay with my husband.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to apply for indefinite leave to remain?\n\nDocument - Apply for settlement if you're a Turkish Worker or Businessperson:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for indefinite leave to remain (settlement) if you\u2019re in the UK on a:\n\n- Turkish Worker visa\n\n- Turkish Businessperson visa\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply for settlement.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe application fee is \u00a32,389.\n\nYou also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\nIf you have family members applying for settlement with you, you\u2019ll need to pay the \u00a32,389 application fee and the \u00a319.20 biometric information fee for each person.\n\nIf your partner is applying to extend their visa, their fee is \u00a31,033 instead. They\u2019ll need to pay the healthcare surcharge.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nGetting indefinite leave to remain means you can continue to live and work in the UK for as long as you like. It will mean you\u2019re eligible:\n\n- to take up any job\n\n- to run a business\n\n- for public services, such as healthcare and schools\n\n- for public funds and pensions\n\n- for British citizenship, if you meet the requirements\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible to settle in the UK, you must have:\n\n- met the knowledge of language requirement\n\n- passed the Life in the UK test\n\n- registered with the police if you were told to\n\n- been living and working in the UK for the last 5 years without receiving public funds\n\n- spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months in the last 5 years\n\nYou must continue to run a business if you\u2019re on a Turkish Businessperson visa.\n\nYour application might be refused if, for example, you\u2019ve:\n\n- got a criminal record in the UK or another country\n\n- provided false or incomplete information to the Home Office\n\n- broken UK immigration law\n\nRead the guidance on why applications can be refused.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- previous passports showing you\u2019ve been living legally in the UK for the past 5 years - if your current passport does not show this\n\n- the unique reference code that proves you passed the English language requirement\n\n- your police registration certificate covering the past 5 years (unless you did not need to register)\n\n## If you\u2019re a Turkish Businessperson\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to prove that you\u2019re continuing to run a business. You might need to provide documents, such as:\n\n- invoices showing work done\n\n- business bank statements\n\n- proof of National Insurance contributions - if appropriate\n\n- advertising materials\n\n- proof of renting or having purchased business premises\n\n## Family members\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa if they are:\n\n- your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 5 years before applying to settle)\n\n- your child under 21 or in limited circumstances over 21 (including children born in the UK)\n\n## Partners applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\nIf your partner is applying for indefinite leave to remain, they must:\n\n- have been granted leave as your dependant\n\n- have lived in the UK with you for a continuous period of 5 years\n\n- have met the knowledge of language and Life in the UK test\n\n## Partners applying to extend their visa\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain, but your partner has not been here for 5 years on your visa they can apply to extend their visa.\n\nFor your partner to qualify, they must:\n\n- have last been granted entry clearance or leave to remain as your dependant\n\n- be living together with you in a genuine relationship\n\n- be living in suitable accommodation which you maintain without access to public funds\n\n- be registered with the police if they were told to\n\n## Children applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\nFor your children or child to apply for indefinite leave to remain, they must:\n\n- have been granted leave as your dependant\n\n- apply at the same time as both parents, or where both parents are settled already\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership, have formed an independent family unit or be leading an independent life\n\n- have met the knowledge of language requirement and Life in the UK test - if they\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- have registered with the police if they were told to and are 16 or over\n\nYour child may also be able to apply if one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re the child\u2019s only living parent\n\n- you have sole responsibility for them\n\n- there are serious reasons to let your child stay in the UK, for example they have a serious illness\n\n- their other parent is in the UK legally\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain, your child may be eligible to apply if their other parent is extending a Turkish visa.\n\n## Documents your family need to provide\n\nEach family member must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- 2 passport size colour photographs\n\n- proof of your relationship, for example a marriage or birth certificate, council tax bills or bank statements\n\n- proof they will live permanently with you, for example letters from your child\u2019s school or their doctor\n\n- proof that you have sole responsibility for any children aged under 21 if the other parent will not be in the UK (for example, written permission or relevant legal documents)\n\n## Apply\n\nYou can apply to settle in the UK (indefinite leave to remain). Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa. You must be in the UK to apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who you\u2019ve included in your application form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker-business-person-settlement", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have lived in the UK with my husband for six years, who has a Turkish Businessperson visa. I have met the language and English knowledge requirements. I am dependant on my husband. I want to apply for indefinite stay with my husband.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to apply for indefinite leave to remain?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2003", + "question": "Scenario: I have an appeal going ahead and i am wondering about it. English is not my first language and I am scared.\n\nQuestion: Can I get some support with my English at the oral hearing?\n\nDocument - Appeal an asylum support decision:\n## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Asylum Support) if:\n\n- you\u2019ve applied for asylum support and been turned down\n\n- you were claiming asylum support and it\u2019s been stopped\n\nThe tribunal must receive your appeal within 3 days of you getting the letter about the decision - you may be able to carry on claiming asylum support (if you were already getting it) while you appeal.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou may want to get help and advice before you appeal.\n\nContact the Asylum Support Appeals Project for free advice and legal representation if you have an appeal at the First-tier Tribunal (Asylum Support).\n\nYou can contact British Red Cross, Refugee Action and Refugee Council for advice and support - they may be able to find another organisation near to you.\n\nYou can also get other legal advice, including from a lawyer.\n\n## Apply to the tribunal\n\nDownload and fill in a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 form. You must include:\n\n- why you\u2019re appealing (your \u2018grounds of appeal\u2019)\n\n- a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing against\n\n- any documents that help support your appeal\n\n- why your appeal is late (if it is)\n\n- whether you\u2019d like a \u2018paper\u2019 or \u2018oral\u2019 hearing\n\nBecause of coronavirus, most hearings are paper hearings. These are based on documents only. If a judge decides that an oral hearing is required, it will most likely be held by phone or video link.\n\nRead guidance on how cases are affected by coronavirus.\n\nIf a judge decides you have to go to an oral hearing in person, you\u2019ll need to travel to London. The Home Office will pay for you to get there (usually by train). You\u2019ll get free accommodation the night before if you have far to travel.\n\n## Send the form\n\nPost, email or fax the notice of appeal form to HM Courts and Tribunals Service. The contact details are on the form.\n\nBecause of coronavirus, it\u2019s taking longer than usual for staff to reply to forms sent by post.\n\nCall the helpline if you have any questions about completing the form. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## After you send your appeal\n\nYou\u2019ll normally find out within a week of sending the form:\n\n- whether the tribunal will consider your case\n\n- whether the tribunal needs more information, for example if your appeal was late\n\nYou\u2019ll then be told when your hearing will take place, and whether it\u2019s paper or oral.\n\nIf you have an oral hearing, you\u2019ll be told a few days before the hearing what documents to bring with you - or to send by post in advance. The letter will also tell you if the tribunal wants to call up any witnesses - you must contact them and make sure they appear at the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get the decision at the hearing.\n\n## If you need to send more information\n\nIf the tribunal asks you to send more information before the hearing, you may need to discuss this with a casework team.\n\nContact the Section 95 casework team if you\u2019re an asylum seeker.\n\nContact the Section 4 casework team if you\u2019ve been refused asylum.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nWhat happens at the hearing depends on whether you have a paper or oral hearing.\n\n## Paper hearing\n\nYou will not go to a paper hearing. A judge will make a decision based on:\n\n- your notice of appeal form\n\n- your documents\n\n- documents provided by the Home Office\n\n## Oral hearing\n\nBecause of coronavirus, oral hearings will most likely be held via phone or video link.\n\nYou\u2019ll present your case to the judge - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The Home Office will present the case against you.\n\nThe tribunal will provide you with an interpreter if you\u2019ve asked for one. They can translate what happens during the tribunal but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.\n\nYou may be asked questions by:\n\n- your legal representative (if you have one)\n\n- the Home Office\u2019s representative\n\n- the judge\n\nThe hearing is public. Family and friends can attend. If the hearing is in person, they\u2019ll have to pay their own travel costs unless they are witnesses.\n\nChildren can only attend if you cannot make childcare arrangements. They can either:\n\n- wait in the waiting room with your family or friends\n\n- be with you during the hearing\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get the decision either:\n\n- at the oral hearing (if you have one) - you\u2019ll also get full written reasons within 3 days\n\n- by post the day after the paper hearing\n\nThe judge will either:\n\n- allow the appeal - this means you\u2019ll either get asylum support, or carry on getting it\n\n- turn down (\u2018dismiss\u2019) your appeal\n\n- ask the Home Office to look at the decision again (known as \u2018remitting\u2019 the appeal)\n\nThe judge\u2019s decision is final - you cannot appeal again.\n\nYou may be able to get a judicial review of the decision if your appeal was turned down and you think the judge did not follow the law correctly. Talk to a solicitor as soon as possible.\n\nYou cannot complain about the decision - you can only complain about the tribunal staff and the way the hearing took place.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases.\n\n## Previous decisions\n\nSearch the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on:\n\n- Immigration and Asylum Act 1999\n\n- Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008 and Amendments to the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Social Entitlement Chamber) Rules 2008.\n\n## Failed asylum seekers\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on:\n\n- section 4, Immigration and Asylum Act 1999\n\n- Immigration and Asylum Regulations 2005\n\n## If asylum support was stopped while the application was being considered\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on:\n\n- section 95, Immigration and Asylum 1999\n\n- Asylum Support Regulations 2000", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-first-tier-asylum-support-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have an appeal going ahead and i am wondering about it. English is not my first language and I am scared.", + "original_question": "Can I get some support with my English at the oral hearing?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2007", + "question": "Scenario: I am about to reach state pension age in one months time. I will reach state pension age on the 20th September 2021. I have been looking at the additional state pension.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible for the additional state pension?\n\nDocument - Additional State Pension:\n## Overview\n\nThe Additional State Pension is an extra amount of money you could get on top of your basic State Pension if you\u2019re:\n\n- a man born before 6 April 1951\n\n- a woman born before 6 April 1953\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou get the new State Pension if you were born on or after this date. You will not qualify for the Additional State Pension, but you might still be able to inherit Additional State Pension from your partner.\n\nYou get the Additional State Pension automatically if you\u2019re eligible for it, unless you\u2019ve contracted out of it.\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere is no fixed amount for the Additional State Pension.\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- how many years you paid National Insurance for\n\n- your earnings\n\n- whether you\u2019ve contracted out of the scheme\n\n- whether you topped up your basic State Pension (this was only possible between 12 October 2015 and 5 April 2017)\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## You reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou will not get the Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. You\u2019ll get the new State Pension.\n\n## You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\nIf you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and started claiming the basic State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get any Additional State Pension you\u2019re eligible for. There is no need to make a separate claim.\n\nYou may not get any Additional State Pension for periods when you were contracted out of it.\n\n## When you have contributed to the Additional State Pension\n\nThe Additional State Pension is made up of 3 schemes. You might have contributed to more than one, depending on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been working\n\n- whether you chose to top up your State Pension\n\n| Time | Scheme | You contributed if |\n\n| 2002 to 2016 | State Second Pension | You were employed or claiming certain benefits |\n\n| 1978 to 2002 | State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme (SERPS) | You were employed |\n\n| 12 October 2015 to 5 April 2017 | State Pension top up | You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and opted in |\n\n## The State Second Pension since 2002\n\nYou contributed through your National Insurance contributions if at any time between 6 April 2002 and 5 April 2016 you were:\n\n- employed and earning at least the lower earnings limit - this was \u00a35,824 in the 2015 to 2016 tax year\n\n- looking after children under 12 and claiming Child Benefit\n\n- caring for a sick or disabled person more than 20 hours a week and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- working as a registered foster carer and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- receiving certain other benefits due to illness or disability\n\n## Contracting out\n\nYou could only contract out of the Additional State Pension if your employer ran a contracted-out pension scheme. Check with them.\n\nWhile you were a member of a contracted-out workplace pension you did not contribute to the Additional State Pension. In some cases, you could get the Second State Pension even if you did not contribute, for example if your earnings were low.\n\nYou cannot contract out after 6 April 2016. If you were contracted out, your National Insurance contributions increased to your standard rate after this date.\n\nThe extra pension you get from a contracted-out pension scheme is usually the same as, or more than, the Additional State Pension you would have got if you did not contract out.\n\n## Check if you were contracted out\n\nYou can find out if you were contracted out by:\n\n- checking an old payslip\n\n- calling your pension provider\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service might be able to find your pension providers\u2019 contact details if you\u2019ve lost contact with them.\n\n## National Insurance while contracting out\n\nYou paid lower National Insurance contributions while you were contracted out if:\n\n- you earned between \u00a3155 and \u00a3770 a week\n\n- you were under State Pension age\n\n- you did not pay reduced rate National Insurance\n\n## What happens when you retire\n\nYou\u2019ll get a pension from your employer\u2019s workplace pension scheme.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou do not have to do anything to claim the Additional State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for an Additional State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get it when you claim your State Pension.\n\nAfter you claim, the Pension Service will write to you and tell you how much you\u2019re getting.\n\n## Inheriting Additional State Pension\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner dies, you may be able to inherit part of their Additional State Pension. Contact the Pension Service to check what you can claim and how.\n\n## Maximum State Second Pension you can inherit\n\nYou can inherit up to 50% of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s State Second Pension.\n\n## Maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit\n\nThe maximum you can inherit depends on when your spouse or civil partner died.\n\nIf they died before 6 October 2002, you can inherit up to 100% of their SERPS pension.\n\nIf they died on or after 6 October 2002, the maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit depends on their date of birth.\n\n| Man\u2019s date of birth | Woman\u2019s date of birth | Maximum % of SERPS and State Pension top up you can inherit |\n\n| 5 October 1937 or before | 5 October 1942 or before | 100% |\n\n| 6 October 1937 to 5 October 1939 | 6 October 1942 to 5 October 1944 | 90% |\n\n| 6 October 1939 to 5 October 1941 | 6 October 1944 to 5 October 1946 | 80% |\n\n| 6 October 1941 to 5 October 1943 | 6 October 1946 to 5 October 1948 | 70% |\n\n| 6 October 1943 to 5 October 1945 | 6 October 1948 to 5 July 1950 | 60% |\n\n| 6 October 1945 and after | 6 July 1950 and after | 50% |\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner died within 90 days of topping up their State Pension, the top up should have been refunded to their estate (their total property, money and possessions), minus any payments they received before they died. This means you will not inherit the top up as part of their Additional State Pension.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nAny Additional State Pension you inherit will be paid on top of your State Pension when you reach State Pension age.\n\n## If you get your own Additional State Pension\n\nThe maximum amount of Additional State Pension you can get is \u00a3180.31 per week.\u00a0The limit does not include State Pension top up.\n\n## If you get Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou may inherit Additional State Pension before you reach State Pension age. You\u2019ll stop receiving it if your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance ends.\n\nYou may receive it again when you reach State Pension age if you were over 45 when you were entitled to Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance or Bereavement Allowance ended before you were 55, you\u2019ll receive less Additional State Pension.\n\n## When you cannot inherit Additional State Pension\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if you remarry or form another civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.\n\nThe date you reach State Pension age also affects whether you can inherit Additional State Pension.\n\n## If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2010\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if they died before they reached their State Pension age and after you reached yours.\n\nThis does not apply if you\u2019re a woman who was married to:\n\n- a man\n\n- a woman who legally changed their gender from male to female during your marriage\n\n## If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if either:\n\n- your spouse or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2016 and reached (or would have reached) State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\n- you started your marriage or civil partnership on or after 6 April 2016\n\n## If you get divorced\n\nIf you get divorced or your civil partnership is dissolved the court can decide that your Additional State Pension should be shared as part of the financial settlement.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to fill in form BR20 to give details of your Additional State Pension.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am about to reach state pension age in one months time. I will reach state pension age on the 20th September 2021. I have been looking at the additional state pension.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible for the additional state pension?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2008", + "question": "Scenario: My husband died on the 30th of July 2021. He was born on the 4th October 1945. He was eligible and was receiving an additional state pension.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to claim any of this state pension as inheritance?\n\nDocument - Additional State Pension:\n## Overview\n\nThe Additional State Pension is an extra amount of money you could get on top of your basic State Pension if you\u2019re:\n\n- a man born before 6 April 1951\n\n- a woman born before 6 April 1953\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou get the new State Pension if you were born on or after this date. You will not qualify for the Additional State Pension, but you might still be able to inherit Additional State Pension from your partner.\n\nYou get the Additional State Pension automatically if you\u2019re eligible for it, unless you\u2019ve contracted out of it.\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere is no fixed amount for the Additional State Pension.\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- how many years you paid National Insurance for\n\n- your earnings\n\n- whether you\u2019ve contracted out of the scheme\n\n- whether you topped up your basic State Pension (this was only possible between 12 October 2015 and 5 April 2017)\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## You reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou will not get the Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. You\u2019ll get the new State Pension.\n\n## You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\nIf you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and started claiming the basic State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get any Additional State Pension you\u2019re eligible for. There is no need to make a separate claim.\n\nYou may not get any Additional State Pension for periods when you were contracted out of it.\n\n## When you have contributed to the Additional State Pension\n\nThe Additional State Pension is made up of 3 schemes. You might have contributed to more than one, depending on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been working\n\n- whether you chose to top up your State Pension\n\n| Time | Scheme | You contributed if |\n\n| 2002 to 2016 | State Second Pension | You were employed or claiming certain benefits |\n\n| 1978 to 2002 | State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme (SERPS) | You were employed |\n\n| 12 October 2015 to 5 April 2017 | State Pension top up | You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and opted in |\n\n## The State Second Pension since 2002\n\nYou contributed through your National Insurance contributions if at any time between 6 April 2002 and 5 April 2016 you were:\n\n- employed and earning at least the lower earnings limit - this was \u00a35,824 in the 2015 to 2016 tax year\n\n- looking after children under 12 and claiming Child Benefit\n\n- caring for a sick or disabled person more than 20 hours a week and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- working as a registered foster carer and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- receiving certain other benefits due to illness or disability\n\n## Contracting out\n\nYou could only contract out of the Additional State Pension if your employer ran a contracted-out pension scheme. Check with them.\n\nWhile you were a member of a contracted-out workplace pension you did not contribute to the Additional State Pension. In some cases, you could get the Second State Pension even if you did not contribute, for example if your earnings were low.\n\nYou cannot contract out after 6 April 2016. If you were contracted out, your National Insurance contributions increased to your standard rate after this date.\n\nThe extra pension you get from a contracted-out pension scheme is usually the same as, or more than, the Additional State Pension you would have got if you did not contract out.\n\n## Check if you were contracted out\n\nYou can find out if you were contracted out by:\n\n- checking an old payslip\n\n- calling your pension provider\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service might be able to find your pension providers\u2019 contact details if you\u2019ve lost contact with them.\n\n## National Insurance while contracting out\n\nYou paid lower National Insurance contributions while you were contracted out if:\n\n- you earned between \u00a3155 and \u00a3770 a week\n\n- you were under State Pension age\n\n- you did not pay reduced rate National Insurance\n\n## What happens when you retire\n\nYou\u2019ll get a pension from your employer\u2019s workplace pension scheme.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou do not have to do anything to claim the Additional State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for an Additional State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get it when you claim your State Pension.\n\nAfter you claim, the Pension Service will write to you and tell you how much you\u2019re getting.\n\n## Inheriting Additional State Pension\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner dies, you may be able to inherit part of their Additional State Pension. Contact the Pension Service to check what you can claim and how.\n\n## Maximum State Second Pension you can inherit\n\nYou can inherit up to 50% of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s State Second Pension.\n\n## Maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit\n\nThe maximum you can inherit depends on when your spouse or civil partner died.\n\nIf they died before 6 October 2002, you can inherit up to 100% of their SERPS pension.\n\nIf they died on or after 6 October 2002, the maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit depends on their date of birth.\n\n| Man\u2019s date of birth | Woman\u2019s date of birth | Maximum % of SERPS and State Pension top up you can inherit |\n\n| 5 October 1937 or before | 5 October 1942 or before | 100% |\n\n| 6 October 1937 to 5 October 1939 | 6 October 1942 to 5 October 1944 | 90% |\n\n| 6 October 1939 to 5 October 1941 | 6 October 1944 to 5 October 1946 | 80% |\n\n| 6 October 1941 to 5 October 1943 | 6 October 1946 to 5 October 1948 | 70% |\n\n| 6 October 1943 to 5 October 1945 | 6 October 1948 to 5 July 1950 | 60% |\n\n| 6 October 1945 and after | 6 July 1950 and after | 50% |\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner died within 90 days of topping up their State Pension, the top up should have been refunded to their estate (their total property, money and possessions), minus any payments they received before they died. This means you will not inherit the top up as part of their Additional State Pension.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nAny Additional State Pension you inherit will be paid on top of your State Pension when you reach State Pension age.\n\n## If you get your own Additional State Pension\n\nThe maximum amount of Additional State Pension you can get is \u00a3180.31 per week.\u00a0The limit does not include State Pension top up.\n\n## If you get Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou may inherit Additional State Pension before you reach State Pension age. You\u2019ll stop receiving it if your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance ends.\n\nYou may receive it again when you reach State Pension age if you were over 45 when you were entitled to Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance or Bereavement Allowance ended before you were 55, you\u2019ll receive less Additional State Pension.\n\n## When you cannot inherit Additional State Pension\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if you remarry or form another civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.\n\nThe date you reach State Pension age also affects whether you can inherit Additional State Pension.\n\n## If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2010\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if they died before they reached their State Pension age and after you reached yours.\n\nThis does not apply if you\u2019re a woman who was married to:\n\n- a man\n\n- a woman who legally changed their gender from male to female during your marriage\n\n## If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if either:\n\n- your spouse or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2016 and reached (or would have reached) State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\n- you started your marriage or civil partnership on or after 6 April 2016\n\n## If you get divorced\n\nIf you get divorced or your civil partnership is dissolved the court can decide that your Additional State Pension should be shared as part of the financial settlement.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to fill in form BR20 to give details of your Additional State Pension.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My husband died on the 30th of July 2021. He was born on the 4th October 1945. He was eligible and was receiving an additional state pension.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to claim any of this state pension as inheritance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2009", + "question": "Scenario: I am a part-time employee who is getting paid \u00a312 per hour. I have found out that a full-time employee, who is doing exactly the same job, is getting \u00a315 per hour.\n\nQuestion: Should I be getting paid a lower hourly rate than the full-time employee?\n\nDocument - Understanding your pay:\n## Overview\n\nWhen you start work, your employer should tell you how much you\u2019ll be paid and how often. They should also tell you:\n\n- the day or date you\u2019ll be paid, for example each Friday or the last day of the month\n\n- how you\u2019ll be paid, for example cash, cheque or bank transfer\n\nIf you\u2019re an employee or \u2018worker\u2019 (not a contractor or freelancer), you have the right to a payslip, which shows:\n\n- your earnings before and after any deductions\n\n- the amount of any deductions that may change each time you\u2019re paid, for example tax and National Insurance\n\n- the number of hours you worked, if your pay varies depending on time worked\n\nYou might need to know how to work out your weekly pay if you have to claim payments for redundancy or compensation from your employer.\n\n## Part-time workers\n\nIf you\u2019re a part-time worker, you must get at least the same hourly pay rate as a full-time worker doing a similar job.\n\n## Working out your pay\n\nKnowing how to work out your weekly pay is important because it\u2019s used to work out how much you should get for:\n\n- redundancy pay and pay during time off for job-hunting if you\u2019re made redundant\n\n- pay during your notice period when leaving a job\n\n- holiday pay\n\n- guarantee pay for work - you get this if your employer cannot provide you with work, but your contract says they have to pay you anyway\n\n- compensation awarded by Employment Tribunals\n\nWhat you\u2019re entitled to depends on your work status.\n\nYou do not need to calculate your weekly pay, if you\u2019re paid weekly and your pay does not vary.\n\nIf your pay varies or you\u2019re not paid weekly, you have to use a 12-week period for working it out.\n\n## The 12-week period\n\nYou can work out your weekly pay by getting an average figure for a 12-week period. The particular 12 weeks you use varies depending on what you\u2019re calculating your pay for.\n\n## Redundancy\n\nUse the 12 weeks up to the day you got your redundancy notice to work out your pay.\n\n## Notice pay\n\nUse the 12 weeks up to the first day of the notice period to work out what your notice pay should be.\n\n## Paid annual leave\n\nWork this out using the 12 weeks leading up to your holiday.\n\n## Guarantee payments\n\nUse the 12 weeks leading up to when your payment is due. If you no longer work for that employer, use the last 12 weeks of your employment with them.\n\nIf you\u2019ve worked for your employer for less than 12 weeks, you should be allowed to calculate your average weekly pay using:\n\n- the number of hours you would have worked\n\n- the hours of other workers doing a similar job for your employer\n\n## Working out your weekly figure\n\nAdd up the total amount of pay for the period and divide it by 12 to get the weekly figure. You do this even if you\u2019ve had to use a period of more than 12 weeks.\n\nYou can also include bonuses.\n\n## Overtime\n\nYou can include overtime in your calculations if your contract says your employer has to pay it.\n\n## Work done for a previous employer\n\nYou can include pay for work done for a previous employer if you\u2019re calculating your average weekly pay and you did not have a gap in employment when you changed jobs.\n\n## Get help with the calculations\n\nYou can get help to calculate a week\u2019s pay from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or Citizens Advice.\n\n## Pay calculations if you work shifts or get bonuses\n\nIf your pay or working hours vary from week to week, the calculations for working out your weekly pay are more complicated.\n\n## Bonuses and commission\n\nYour pay could vary depending on the amount of work you do, because of:\n\n- bonuses\n\n- commission\n\n- \u2018piece work\u2019 - you\u2019re paid by the amount of work you do, rather than by the hour\n\n## The 12-week period\n\nIf you get bonuses, commission or piece work, you\u2019ll need to work out your average hourly rate over a 12-week period to work out your weekly pay.\n\nAdd up your total pay for the 12 weeks first. You can include overtime and bonuses. There are special calculations for bonuses.\n\n## Quarterly bonuses\n\nYou can include a proportion of your quarterly bonuses in your calculations.\n\n- Divide the bonus amount by 13 (the number of weeks in a quarter of a year).\n\n- Multiply this figure by 12 (the number of weeks your pay is averaged across).\n\n## Annual bonuses\n\nIf you get an annual bonus here\u2019s what you need to do.\n\n- Divide the bonus amount by 52 (the number of weeks in a year).\n\n- Multiply this by 12.\n\n## Hourly rate\n\nWork out the average hourly rate by dividing the total amount you earned in 12-week period by the number of hours you worked.\n\n## Weekly rate\n\nMultiply your hourly rate by the average number of hours you worked each week in the 12-week period, to get your weekly rate.\n\n## Shift or rota work\n\nYour week\u2019s pay will be the average number of hours you work at an average pay rate over a 12-week period.\n\n## Get help with the calculations\n\nYou can get help to calculate a week\u2019s pay from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or Citizens Advice.\n\n## Performance-related pay\n\nYour employer should base your performance-related pay on clear, measurable targets - they should tell you about these.\n\nThere are 2 main types of performance pay:\n\n- short-term schemes, like bonus payments or sales commission\n\n- long-term schemes, like company shares\n\n## Non-payment of bonuses or commission\n\nIf you do not get a bonus or commission you\u2019re owed and you think there\u2019s been a mistake:\n\n- speak to your employer to see if there\u2019s been a misunderstanding\n\n- ask them set out in writing how they\u2019ve calculated your pay\n\n- keep copies of any letters and notes of any meetings\n\nIf a bonus or commission is included in your contract, non-payment is a breach of contract. You can get help with making a complaint.\n\nNon-payment of bonuses may also be covered legally under:\n\n- unlawful deductions from wages - for example, you\u2019re entitled to payment but it has not been given\n\n- unlawful discrimination - your employer must not discriminate against particular groups, for example giving smaller bonuses to women\n\nYou can get advice from Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.\n\n## Deductions from your pay\n\nYour employer is not allowed to make deductions unless:\n\n- it\u2019s required or allowed by law, for example National Insurance, income tax or student loan repayments\n\n- you agree in writing\n\n- your contract says they can\n\n- there\u2019s a statutory payment due to a public authority\n\n- you have not worked due to taking part in a strike or industrial action\n\n- there\u2019s been an earlier overpayment of wages or expenses\n\n- it\u2019s a result of a court order\n\nA deduction cannot normally reduce your pay below the National Minimum Wage even if you agree to it, except if the deduction is for:\n\n- tax or National Insurance\n\n- something you\u2019ve done and your contract says you\u2019re liable for it, for example a shortfall in your till if you work in a shop\n\n- repayment of a loan or advance of wages\n\n- repayment of an accidental overpayment of wages\n\n- buying shares or share options in the business\n\n- accommodation provided by your employer\n\n- your own use, for example union subscriptions or pension contributions\n\n## If you work in retail - for example shops, restaurants\n\nYour employer cannot take more than 10% from your gross pay (pay before tax and National Insurance) each pay period to cover any shortfalls.\n\n## If you have not been paid in full\n\nSpeak to your employer first to try to sort out the problem informally.\n\nIf this does not work, talk to Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service), Citizens Advice or your trade union representative.\n\nYou have the right to go to an Employment Tribunal to get your money.\n\n## If you leave your job\n\nCheck your contract to see if your employer is allowed to withhold your pay. Normally you\u2019re entitled to be paid everything you\u2019ve earned up to the point you finish.\n\nIf you\u2019re forced to resign because your employer refuses to pay you, you may be able to make a constructive dismissal claim in an Employment Tribunal.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/understanding-your-pay", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a part-time employee who is getting paid \u00a312 per hour. I have found out that a full-time employee, who is doing exactly the same job, is getting \u00a315 per hour.", + "original_question": "Should I be getting paid a lower hourly rate than the full-time employee?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2011", + "question": "Scenario: I have been on lay-off for eight weeks in a row. I have been working for current employer for 10 years, and I am considering redundancy.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for redundancy now?\n\nDocument - Lay-offs and short-time working:\n## Overview\n\nYour employer can ask you to stay at home or take unpaid leave if there\u2019s not enough work for you.\n\nA lay-off is if you\u2019re off work for at least 1 working day. Short-time working is when your hours are cut.\n\n## How long you can be laid off\n\nThere\u2019s no limit for how long you can be laid off or put on short-time. You could apply for redundancy and claim redundancy pay if it\u2019s been:\n\n- 4 weeks in a row\n\n- 6 weeks in a 13-week period\n\n## Lay-off pay entitlement and short-time working payments\n\nYou should get your full pay unless your contract allows unpaid or reduced pay lay-offs.\n\nIf you\u2019re unpaid, you\u2019re entitled to guarantee pay.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been told to take unpaid leave or reduced pay because of Coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might still be able to pay 80% of your wages.\n\n## Guarantee pay\n\n## Rate and length of statutory lay-off pay\n\nYou\u2019re entitled to guarantee pay during lay off or short-time working. The maximum you can get is \u00a330 a day for 5 days in any 3-month period - so a maximum of \u00a3150.\n\nIf you usually earn less than \u00a330 a day you\u2019ll get your normal daily rate.\n\nIf you work part-time, your entitlement is worked out proportionally.\n\nYou cannot claim guarantee pay for any day that you do some work.\n\n## Eligibility for statutory lay-off pay\n\nYou must:\n\n- have been employed continuously for 1 month (includes part-time workers)\n\n- reasonably make sure you\u2019re available for work\n\n- not refuse any reasonable alternative work (including work not in your contract)\n\n- not have been laid off because of industrial action\n\n## Statutory lay-off pay and your employment contract\n\nYour employer may have their own guarantee pay scheme. It cannot be less than the statutory arrangements. If you get your employer\u2019s payments, you do not get statutory lay-off pay on top of this.\n\nNot paying guarantee pay counts as an unlawful deduction from your wages - you could make a claim to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Applying for redundancy\n\nYou could apply for redundancy and claim redundancy pay if you\u2019ve been laid off without pay or put on short-time and receive less than half a week\u2019s pay for:\n\n- 4 or more weeks in a row\n\n- 6 or more weeks in a 13-week period\n\n- Write to your employer to claim redundancy within 4 weeks of the last day of the lay-off or short-time period.\n\n- Your employer has 7 days to accept your claim or give you a written counter-notice.\n\n- If your employer does not give you counter-notice, you can assume they\u2019ve accepted your redundancy claim.\n\n- A counter-notice means your employer expects work will soon be available - it must start within 4 weeks and must last at least 13 weeks.\n\nYour employer can withdraw their counter-notice in writing.\n\n## Resigning\n\nYou must resign to get redundancy pay. The timing is crucial - you have 3 weeks to hand in your notice, starting from:\n\n- 7 days after you gave written notice to your employer (if you did not get a counter-notice)\n\n- the date your employer withdrew their counter-notice\n\nYou can get help from Citizens Advice.\n\n## Extra work or claiming benefits\n\nYou can take on another job while you\u2019re laid off or on short-time (unless your contract says you must not).\n\nYou should:\n\n- get your employer\u2019s agreement\n\n- make sure you\u2019re not working for a competitor\n\n- make sure you\u2019re available for your original job once the lay-off or short-time ends\n\n## Benefits you can claim\n\nYou might be able to get Universal Credit or \u2018new style\u2019 Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance (or both) while you\u2019re laid off or on short-time.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/lay-offs-short-timeworking", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been on lay-off for eight weeks in a row. I have been working for current employer for 10 years, and I am considering redundancy.", + "original_question": "Can I apply for redundancy now?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2013", + "question": "Scenario: My brother is a full time employee and pays income tax. Has also invested in both workplace and personal pension schemes.\n\nQuestion: Can he qualify for a government tax relief?\n\nDocument - Workplace pensions:\n## About workplace pensions\n\nA workplace pension is a way of saving for your retirement that\u2019s arranged by your employer.\n\nSome workplace pensions are called \u2018occupational\u2019, \u2018works\u2019, \u2018company\u2019 or \u2018work-based\u2019 pensions.\n\n## How they work\n\nA percentage of your pay is put into the pension scheme automatically every payday.\n\nIn most cases, your employer also adds money into the pension scheme for you. You may also get tax relief from the government.\n\n## Joining a workplace pension\n\nAll employers must provide a workplace pension scheme. This is called \u2018automatic enrolment\u2019.\n\nYour employer must automatically enrol you into a pension scheme and make contributions to your pension if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re classed as a \u2018worker\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re aged between 22 and State Pension age\n\n- you earn at least \u00a310,000 per year\n\n- you usually (\u2018ordinarily\u2019) work in the UK (read the detailed guidance if you\u2019re not sure)\n\n## When your employer does not have to automatically enrol you\n\nYour employer usually does not have to automatically enrol you if you do not meet the previous criteria or if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve already given notice to your employer that you\u2019re leaving your job, or they\u2019ve given you notice\n\n- you have evidence of your lifetime allowance protection (for example, a certificate from HMRC)\n\n- you\u2019ve already taken a pension that meets the automatic enrolment rules and your employer arranged it\n\n- you get a one-off payment from a workplace pension scheme that\u2019s closed (a \u2018winding up lump sum\u2019), and then leave and rejoin the same job within 12 months of getting the payment\n\n- more than 12 months before your staging date, you left (\u2018opted out\u2019) of a pension arranged through your employer\n\n- you\u2019re from an EU member state and are in a EU cross-border pension scheme\n\n- you\u2019re in a limited liability partnership\n\n- you\u2019re a director without an employment contract and employ at least one other person in your company\n\nYou can usually still join their pension if you want to. Your employer cannot refuse.\n\n## If your income is low\n\nYour employer does not have to contribute to your pension if you earn these amounts or less:\n\n- \u00a3520 a month\n\n- \u00a3120 a week\n\n- \u00a3480 over 4 weeks\n\n## What happens when you\u2019re automatically enrolled\n\nYour employer must write to you when you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled into their workplace pension scheme. They must tell you:\n\n- the date they added you to the pension scheme\n\n- the type of pension scheme and who runs it\n\n- how much they\u2019ll contribute and how much you\u2019ll have to pay in\n\n- how to leave the scheme, if you want to\n\n- how tax relief applies to you\n\n## Delaying your enrolment date\n\nYour employer can delay the date they must enrol you into a pension scheme by up to 3 months.\n\nIn some cases they may be able to delay longer if they\u2019ve chosen either:\n\n- a \u2018defined benefit\u2019 pension\n\n- a \u2018hybrid\u2019 pension (a mixture of defined benefit and defined contribution pensions) that allows you to take a defined benefit pension\n\nYour employer must:\n\n- tell you about the delay in writing\n\n- let you join in the meantime if you ask to\n\n## What your employer cannot do\n\nYour employer cannot:\n\n- unfairly dismiss or discriminate against you for being in a workplace pension scheme\n\n- encourage or force you to opt out\n\n## What you, your employer and the government pay\n\nThe amount you and your employer pay towards the pension depends on:\n\n- what type of workplace pension scheme you\u2019re in\n\n- whether you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled in a workplace pension or you\u2019ve joined one voluntarily (\u2018opted in\u2019)\n\nUse the Money Advice Service\u2019s contributions calculator to work out how much you and your employer will put in.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nThe government will usually add money to your workplace pension in the form of tax relief if both of the following apply:\n\n- you pay Income Tax\n\n- you pay into a personal pension or workplace pension\n\nEven if you do not pay Income Tax, you\u2019ll still get an additional payment if your pension scheme uses \u2018relief at source\u2019 to add money to your pension pot.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled\n\nYou and your employer must pay a percentage of your earnings into your workplace pension scheme.\n\nHow much you pay and what counts as earnings depend on the pension scheme your employer has chosen. Ask your employer about your pension scheme rules.\n\nIn most automatic enrolment schemes, you\u2019ll make contributions based on your total earnings between \u00a36,240 and \u00a350,270 a year before tax.\u00a0Your total earnings include:\n\n- salary or wages\n\n- bonuses and commission\n\n- overtime\n\n- statutory sick pay\n\n- statutory maternity, paternity or adoption pay\n\n## Workplace pension contributions\n\n| | The minimum your employer pays | You pay | Total minimum contribution |\n\n| From April 2019 | 3% | 5% | 8% |\n\nThese amounts could be higher for you or your employer because of your pension scheme rules. They\u2019re higher for most defined benefit pension schemes.\n\nIn some schemes, your employer has the option to pay in more than the legal minimum. In these schemes, you can pay in less as long as your employer puts in enough to meet the total minimum contribution.\n\n## If you\u2019ve voluntarily enrolled in a workplace pension\n\nYour employer must contribute the minimum amount if you earn more than:\n\n- \u00a3520 a month\n\n- \u00a3120 a week\n\n- \u00a3480 over 4 weeks\n\nThey do not have to contribute anything if you earn these amounts or less.\n\n## How your take-home pay changes\n\nJoining a workplace pension scheme means that your take-home income will be reduced. But this may:\n\n- mean you\u2019re entitled to tax credits or an increase in the amount of tax credits you get (although you may not get this until the next tax year)\n\n- mean you\u2019re entitled to an income-related benefit or an increase in the amount of benefit you get\n\n- reduce the amount of student loan repayments you need to make\n\n## Payments using salary sacrifice\n\nYou and your employer may agree to use \u2018salary sacrifice\u2019 (sometimes known as a \u2018SMART\u2019 scheme).\n\nIf you do this, you give up part of your salary and your employer pays this straight into your pension. In some cases, this will mean you and your employer pay less tax and National Insurance.\n\nAsk your employer if they use salary sacrifice.\n\n## Protection for your pension\n\nHow your pension is protected depends on the type of scheme.\n\n## Defined contribution pension schemes\n\n## If your employer goes bust\n\nDefined contribution pensions are usually run by pension providers, not employers. You will not lose your pension pot if your employer goes bust.\n\n## If your pension provider goes bust\n\nIf the pension provider was authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority and cannot pay you, you can get compensation from the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS).\n\n## Trust-based schemes\n\nSome defined contribution schemes are run by a trust appointed by the employer. These are called \u2018trust-based schemes\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll still get your pension if your employer goes out of business. But you might not get as much because the scheme\u2019s running costs will be paid by members\u2019 pension pots instead of the employer.\n\n## Defined benefit pension schemes\n\nYour employer is responsible for making sure there\u2019s enough money in a defined benefit pension to pay each member the promised amount.\n\nYour employer cannot touch the money in your pension if they\u2019re in financial trouble.\n\nYou\u2019re usually protected by the Pension Protection Fund if your employer goes bust and cannot pay your pension.\n\nThe Pension Protection Fund usually pays:\n\n- 100% compensation if you\u2019ve reached the scheme\u2019s pension age\n\n- 90% compensation if you\u2019re below the scheme\u2019s pension age\n\n## Fraud, theft or bad management\n\nIf there\u2019s a shortfall in your company\u2019s pension fund because of fraud or theft, you may be eligible for compensation from the Fraud Compensation Fund.\n\nContact one of the following organisations if you want to make a complaint about the way your workplace pension scheme is run:\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\n- the Pensions Ombudsman\n\n## Managing your pension\n\nYour pension provider will send you a statement each year to tell you how much is in your pension pot. You can also ask them for an estimate of how much you\u2019ll get when you start taking your pension pot.\n\n## What you see on your payslip\n\nYou do not need to do anything to get tax relief at the basic rate on your pension contributions. There are 2 types of arrangements:\n\n- net pay\n\n- relief at source\n\nCheck with your employer or pension provider which arrangement your workplace pension uses. This determines what you\u2019ll see on your payslip.\n\n## \u2018Net pay\u2019\n\nYour employer takes your contribution from your pay before it\u2019s taxed. You only pay tax on what\u2019s left. This means you get full tax relief, no matter if you pay tax at the basic, higher or additional rate.\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll see on your payslip is your contribution plus the tax relief.\n\nYou will not get tax relief if you do not pay tax, for example because you earn less than the tax threshold.\n\n## \u2018Relief at source\u2019\n\nYour employer takes your pension contribution after taking tax and National Insurance from your pay. However much you earn, your pension provider then adds tax relief to your pension pot at the basic rate.\n\nWith \u2018relief at source\u2019, the amount you see on your payslip is only your contributions, not the tax relief.\n\nYou may be able to claim money back if:\n\n- you pay higher or additional rate Income Tax\n\n- you pay higher or top rate Income Tax in Scotland\n\n## Tracing lost pensions\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service could help you find pensions you\u2019ve paid into but lost track of.\n\n## Nominate someone to get your pension if you die\n\nYou may be able to nominate (choose) someone to get your pension if you die before reaching the scheme\u2019s pension age. You can do this when you first join the pension or by writing to your provider.\n\nAsk your pension provider if you can nominate someone and what they\u2019d get if you die, for example regular payments or lump sums. Check your scheme\u2019s rules about:\n\n- who you can nominate - some payments can only go to a dependant, for example your husband, wife, civil partner or child under 23\n\n- whether anything can change what the person gets, for example when and how you start taking your pension pot, or the age you die\n\nYou can change your nomination at any time. It\u2019s important to keep your nominee\u2019s details up to date.\n\nSometimes the pension provider can pay the money to someone else, for example if the person you nominated cannot be found or has died.\n\n## Taking your pension\n\nMost pension schemes set an age when you can take your pension, usually between 60 and 65. In some circumstances you can take your pension early. The earliest is usually 55.\n\nSome companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. Taking your pension early in this way could mean you pay tax of up to 55%.\n\nIf the amount of money in your pension pot is quite small, you may be able to take it all as a lump sum. You can take 25% of it tax free, but you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the rest.\n\nHow you get money from your pension depends on the type of scheme you\u2019re in.\n\n## Defined contribution pension schemes\n\nYou\u2019ll need to decide how to take your money if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme.\n\n## Defined benefit pension schemes\n\nYou may be able to take some money as a tax-free lump sum if you\u2019re in a defined benefit pension scheme - check with your pension provider. You\u2019ll get the rest as a guaranteed amount each year.\n\n## Changing jobs and taking leave\n\n## If you change jobs\n\nYour workplace pension still belongs to you. If you do not carry on paying into the scheme, the money will remain invested and you\u2019ll get a pension when you reach the scheme\u2019s pension age.\n\nYou can join another workplace pension scheme if you get a new job.\n\nIf you do, you might be able to:\n\n- carry on making contributions to your old pension\n\n- combine the old and new pension schemes\n\nAsk your pension providers about your options.\n\nIf you move jobs but pay into an old pension, you may not get some of that pension\u2019s benefits - check if they\u2019re only available to current workers.\n\n## If you worked at your job for less than 2 years before you left\n\nIf you were in a defined benefit pension scheme for less than 2 years, you might be able to either:\n\n- get a refund on what you contributed\n\n- transfer the value of its benefits to another scheme (a \u2018cash sum transfer\u2019)\n\nThis depends on the type of defined benefit scheme and its rules. Check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.\n\n## Paid leave\n\nDuring paid leave, you and your employer carry on making pension contributions.\n\nThe amount you contribute is based on your actual pay during this time, but your employer pays contributions based on the salary you would have received if you were not on leave.\n\n## Maternity and other parental leave\n\nYou and your employer will continue to make pension contributions if you\u2019re getting paid during maternity leave.\n\nIf you\u2019re not getting paid, your employer still has to make pension contributions in the first 26 weeks of your leave (\u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019). They have to carry on making contributions afterwards if it\u2019s in your contract. Check your employer\u2019s maternity policy.\n\n## Unpaid leave\n\nYou may be able to make contributions if you want to - check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.\n\n## If you become self-employed or stop working\n\nYou may be able to carry on contributing to your workplace pension - ask the scheme provider.\n\nYou could use the National Employment Saving Trust (NEST) - a workplace pension scheme that working self-employed people or sole directors of limited companies can use.\n\nYou could set up a personal or stakeholder pension.\n\nYou can get help with your workplace pension options.\n\n## If you want to leave your workplace pension scheme\n\nWhat you do if you want to leave a workplace pension depends on whether you\u2019ve been \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019 in it or not.\n\n## If you have not been automatically enrolled\n\nCheck with your employer - they\u2019ll tell you what to do.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled\n\nYour employer will have sent you a letter telling you that you\u2019ve been added to the scheme.\n\nYou can leave (called \u2018opting out\u2019) if you want to.\n\nIf you opt out within a month of your employer adding you to the scheme, you\u2019ll get back any money you\u2019ve already paid in.\n\nYou may not be able to get your payments refunded if you opt out later - they\u2019ll usually stay in your pension until you retire.\n\nYou can opt out by contacting your pension provider. Your employer must tell you how to do this.\n\n## Reducing your payments\n\nYou may be able to reduce the amount you contribute to your workplace pension for a short time. Check with both your employer and your pension provider to see if you can do this and how long you can do it for.\n\n## Opting back in\n\nYou can do this at any time by writing to your employer. They do not have to accept you back into their workplace scheme if you\u2019ve opted in and then opted out in the past 12 months.\n\n## Rejoining the scheme automatically\n\nYour employer will automatically re-enrol you in the scheme. They must do this either every 3 years (from the date you first enrolled), or they can choose to do it sooner. They\u2019ll write to you when they do this.\n\n## When you do not rejoin automatically\n\nIf you no longer qualify for the scheme, you will not be automatically re-enrolled.\n\nIf you chose to leave the scheme in the 12 months before the date you would have been re-enrolled, your employer does not have to automatically re-enrol you. But they can choose to re-enrol you.\n\n## Get help\n\nFor questions about the specific terms of your workplace pension scheme, talk to your pension provider or your employer.\n\nYou can get free, impartial information about your workplace pension options from:\n\n- the Money Advice Service\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\n- Pension Wise if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme\n\nYou can get impartial advice about workplace pensions from an independent financial adviser. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for the advice.\n\nFor general questions on workplace pensions contact the DWP Workplace Pension Information Line.\n\nOnly use the information line if you\u2019re a worker - employers should contact The Pensions Regulator.\n\n## Problems with being \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019\n\nContact the The Pensions Regulator if you have concerns about the way your employer is dealing with automatic enrolment.\n\nThe Pensions Advisory Service may also be able to help you.\n\n## If you\u2019re already paying into a personal pension\n\nCheck whether it\u2019s better for you to:\n\n- carry on with just your personal pension\n\n- stop paying into your personal pension and join your workplace pension\n\n- keep paying into both\n\n## If you\u2019re saving large amounts in pensions\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge if your total savings in workplace pensions and any other personal pension scheme go above your:\n\n- lifetime allowance - \u00a31,055,000\n\n- annual allowance - usually the lowest out of \u00a340,000 or 100% of your annual income\n\nIf you start taking your pension pot your annual allowance could drop to as low as \u00a34,000.\n\n## If your pension scheme is closing\n\nThis can happen if your employer decides they do not want to use a scheme anymore or they can no longer pay their contributions. What happens to the money you paid in depends on the pension scheme you\u2019ve joined.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled, your employer cannot close a pension scheme without automatically enrolling you into another one.\n\n## If you\u2019re getting a divorce\n\nYou and your spouse or partner will have to tell the court the value of each of your pension pots. You then have different options to work out what happens to your pension when you get a divorce.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother is a full time employee and pays income tax. Has also invested in both workplace and personal pension schemes.", + "original_question": "Can he qualify for a government tax relief?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2014", + "question": "Scenario: My daughter is 25 years old and working full time in the UK . She is earning a salary of \u00a316,000 per year.\n\nQuestion: Can she be automatically enrolled to the workplace pension scheme?\n\nDocument - Workplace pensions:\n## About workplace pensions\n\nA workplace pension is a way of saving for your retirement that\u2019s arranged by your employer.\n\nSome workplace pensions are called \u2018occupational\u2019, \u2018works\u2019, \u2018company\u2019 or \u2018work-based\u2019 pensions.\n\n## How they work\n\nA percentage of your pay is put into the pension scheme automatically every payday.\n\nIn most cases, your employer also adds money into the pension scheme for you. You may also get tax relief from the government.\n\n## Joining a workplace pension\n\nAll employers must provide a workplace pension scheme. This is called \u2018automatic enrolment\u2019.\n\nYour employer must automatically enrol you into a pension scheme and make contributions to your pension if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re classed as a \u2018worker\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re aged between 22 and State Pension age\n\n- you earn at least \u00a310,000 per year\n\n- you usually (\u2018ordinarily\u2019) work in the UK (read the detailed guidance if you\u2019re not sure)\n\n## When your employer does not have to automatically enrol you\n\nYour employer usually does not have to automatically enrol you if you do not meet the previous criteria or if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve already given notice to your employer that you\u2019re leaving your job, or they\u2019ve given you notice\n\n- you have evidence of your lifetime allowance protection (for example, a certificate from HMRC)\n\n- you\u2019ve already taken a pension that meets the automatic enrolment rules and your employer arranged it\n\n- you get a one-off payment from a workplace pension scheme that\u2019s closed (a \u2018winding up lump sum\u2019), and then leave and rejoin the same job within 12 months of getting the payment\n\n- more than 12 months before your staging date, you left (\u2018opted out\u2019) of a pension arranged through your employer\n\n- you\u2019re from an EU member state and are in a EU cross-border pension scheme\n\n- you\u2019re in a limited liability partnership\n\n- you\u2019re a director without an employment contract and employ at least one other person in your company\n\nYou can usually still join their pension if you want to. Your employer cannot refuse.\n\n## If your income is low\n\nYour employer does not have to contribute to your pension if you earn these amounts or less:\n\n- \u00a3520 a month\n\n- \u00a3120 a week\n\n- \u00a3480 over 4 weeks\n\n## What happens when you\u2019re automatically enrolled\n\nYour employer must write to you when you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled into their workplace pension scheme. They must tell you:\n\n- the date they added you to the pension scheme\n\n- the type of pension scheme and who runs it\n\n- how much they\u2019ll contribute and how much you\u2019ll have to pay in\n\n- how to leave the scheme, if you want to\n\n- how tax relief applies to you\n\n## Delaying your enrolment date\n\nYour employer can delay the date they must enrol you into a pension scheme by up to 3 months.\n\nIn some cases they may be able to delay longer if they\u2019ve chosen either:\n\n- a \u2018defined benefit\u2019 pension\n\n- a \u2018hybrid\u2019 pension (a mixture of defined benefit and defined contribution pensions) that allows you to take a defined benefit pension\n\nYour employer must:\n\n- tell you about the delay in writing\n\n- let you join in the meantime if you ask to\n\n## What your employer cannot do\n\nYour employer cannot:\n\n- unfairly dismiss or discriminate against you for being in a workplace pension scheme\n\n- encourage or force you to opt out\n\n## What you, your employer and the government pay\n\nThe amount you and your employer pay towards the pension depends on:\n\n- what type of workplace pension scheme you\u2019re in\n\n- whether you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled in a workplace pension or you\u2019ve joined one voluntarily (\u2018opted in\u2019)\n\nUse the Money Advice Service\u2019s contributions calculator to work out how much you and your employer will put in.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nThe government will usually add money to your workplace pension in the form of tax relief if both of the following apply:\n\n- you pay Income Tax\n\n- you pay into a personal pension or workplace pension\n\nEven if you do not pay Income Tax, you\u2019ll still get an additional payment if your pension scheme uses \u2018relief at source\u2019 to add money to your pension pot.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled\n\nYou and your employer must pay a percentage of your earnings into your workplace pension scheme.\n\nHow much you pay and what counts as earnings depend on the pension scheme your employer has chosen. Ask your employer about your pension scheme rules.\n\nIn most automatic enrolment schemes, you\u2019ll make contributions based on your total earnings between \u00a36,240 and \u00a350,270 a year before tax.\u00a0Your total earnings include:\n\n- salary or wages\n\n- bonuses and commission\n\n- overtime\n\n- statutory sick pay\n\n- statutory maternity, paternity or adoption pay\n\n## Workplace pension contributions\n\n| | The minimum your employer pays | You pay | Total minimum contribution |\n\n| From April 2019 | 3% | 5% | 8% |\n\nThese amounts could be higher for you or your employer because of your pension scheme rules. They\u2019re higher for most defined benefit pension schemes.\n\nIn some schemes, your employer has the option to pay in more than the legal minimum. In these schemes, you can pay in less as long as your employer puts in enough to meet the total minimum contribution.\n\n## If you\u2019ve voluntarily enrolled in a workplace pension\n\nYour employer must contribute the minimum amount if you earn more than:\n\n- \u00a3520 a month\n\n- \u00a3120 a week\n\n- \u00a3480 over 4 weeks\n\nThey do not have to contribute anything if you earn these amounts or less.\n\n## How your take-home pay changes\n\nJoining a workplace pension scheme means that your take-home income will be reduced. But this may:\n\n- mean you\u2019re entitled to tax credits or an increase in the amount of tax credits you get (although you may not get this until the next tax year)\n\n- mean you\u2019re entitled to an income-related benefit or an increase in the amount of benefit you get\n\n- reduce the amount of student loan repayments you need to make\n\n## Payments using salary sacrifice\n\nYou and your employer may agree to use \u2018salary sacrifice\u2019 (sometimes known as a \u2018SMART\u2019 scheme).\n\nIf you do this, you give up part of your salary and your employer pays this straight into your pension. In some cases, this will mean you and your employer pay less tax and National Insurance.\n\nAsk your employer if they use salary sacrifice.\n\n## Protection for your pension\n\nHow your pension is protected depends on the type of scheme.\n\n## Defined contribution pension schemes\n\n## If your employer goes bust\n\nDefined contribution pensions are usually run by pension providers, not employers. You will not lose your pension pot if your employer goes bust.\n\n## If your pension provider goes bust\n\nIf the pension provider was authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority and cannot pay you, you can get compensation from the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS).\n\n## Trust-based schemes\n\nSome defined contribution schemes are run by a trust appointed by the employer. These are called \u2018trust-based schemes\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll still get your pension if your employer goes out of business. But you might not get as much because the scheme\u2019s running costs will be paid by members\u2019 pension pots instead of the employer.\n\n## Defined benefit pension schemes\n\nYour employer is responsible for making sure there\u2019s enough money in a defined benefit pension to pay each member the promised amount.\n\nYour employer cannot touch the money in your pension if they\u2019re in financial trouble.\n\nYou\u2019re usually protected by the Pension Protection Fund if your employer goes bust and cannot pay your pension.\n\nThe Pension Protection Fund usually pays:\n\n- 100% compensation if you\u2019ve reached the scheme\u2019s pension age\n\n- 90% compensation if you\u2019re below the scheme\u2019s pension age\n\n## Fraud, theft or bad management\n\nIf there\u2019s a shortfall in your company\u2019s pension fund because of fraud or theft, you may be eligible for compensation from the Fraud Compensation Fund.\n\nContact one of the following organisations if you want to make a complaint about the way your workplace pension scheme is run:\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\n- the Pensions Ombudsman\n\n## Managing your pension\n\nYour pension provider will send you a statement each year to tell you how much is in your pension pot. You can also ask them for an estimate of how much you\u2019ll get when you start taking your pension pot.\n\n## What you see on your payslip\n\nYou do not need to do anything to get tax relief at the basic rate on your pension contributions. There are 2 types of arrangements:\n\n- net pay\n\n- relief at source\n\nCheck with your employer or pension provider which arrangement your workplace pension uses. This determines what you\u2019ll see on your payslip.\n\n## \u2018Net pay\u2019\n\nYour employer takes your contribution from your pay before it\u2019s taxed. You only pay tax on what\u2019s left. This means you get full tax relief, no matter if you pay tax at the basic, higher or additional rate.\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll see on your payslip is your contribution plus the tax relief.\n\nYou will not get tax relief if you do not pay tax, for example because you earn less than the tax threshold.\n\n## \u2018Relief at source\u2019\n\nYour employer takes your pension contribution after taking tax and National Insurance from your pay. However much you earn, your pension provider then adds tax relief to your pension pot at the basic rate.\n\nWith \u2018relief at source\u2019, the amount you see on your payslip is only your contributions, not the tax relief.\n\nYou may be able to claim money back if:\n\n- you pay higher or additional rate Income Tax\n\n- you pay higher or top rate Income Tax in Scotland\n\n## Tracing lost pensions\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service could help you find pensions you\u2019ve paid into but lost track of.\n\n## Nominate someone to get your pension if you die\n\nYou may be able to nominate (choose) someone to get your pension if you die before reaching the scheme\u2019s pension age. You can do this when you first join the pension or by writing to your provider.\n\nAsk your pension provider if you can nominate someone and what they\u2019d get if you die, for example regular payments or lump sums. Check your scheme\u2019s rules about:\n\n- who you can nominate - some payments can only go to a dependant, for example your husband, wife, civil partner or child under 23\n\n- whether anything can change what the person gets, for example when and how you start taking your pension pot, or the age you die\n\nYou can change your nomination at any time. It\u2019s important to keep your nominee\u2019s details up to date.\n\nSometimes the pension provider can pay the money to someone else, for example if the person you nominated cannot be found or has died.\n\n## Taking your pension\n\nMost pension schemes set an age when you can take your pension, usually between 60 and 65. In some circumstances you can take your pension early. The earliest is usually 55.\n\nSome companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. Taking your pension early in this way could mean you pay tax of up to 55%.\n\nIf the amount of money in your pension pot is quite small, you may be able to take it all as a lump sum. You can take 25% of it tax free, but you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the rest.\n\nHow you get money from your pension depends on the type of scheme you\u2019re in.\n\n## Defined contribution pension schemes\n\nYou\u2019ll need to decide how to take your money if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme.\n\n## Defined benefit pension schemes\n\nYou may be able to take some money as a tax-free lump sum if you\u2019re in a defined benefit pension scheme - check with your pension provider. You\u2019ll get the rest as a guaranteed amount each year.\n\n## Changing jobs and taking leave\n\n## If you change jobs\n\nYour workplace pension still belongs to you. If you do not carry on paying into the scheme, the money will remain invested and you\u2019ll get a pension when you reach the scheme\u2019s pension age.\n\nYou can join another workplace pension scheme if you get a new job.\n\nIf you do, you might be able to:\n\n- carry on making contributions to your old pension\n\n- combine the old and new pension schemes\n\nAsk your pension providers about your options.\n\nIf you move jobs but pay into an old pension, you may not get some of that pension\u2019s benefits - check if they\u2019re only available to current workers.\n\n## If you worked at your job for less than 2 years before you left\n\nIf you were in a defined benefit pension scheme for less than 2 years, you might be able to either:\n\n- get a refund on what you contributed\n\n- transfer the value of its benefits to another scheme (a \u2018cash sum transfer\u2019)\n\nThis depends on the type of defined benefit scheme and its rules. Check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.\n\n## Paid leave\n\nDuring paid leave, you and your employer carry on making pension contributions.\n\nThe amount you contribute is based on your actual pay during this time, but your employer pays contributions based on the salary you would have received if you were not on leave.\n\n## Maternity and other parental leave\n\nYou and your employer will continue to make pension contributions if you\u2019re getting paid during maternity leave.\n\nIf you\u2019re not getting paid, your employer still has to make pension contributions in the first 26 weeks of your leave (\u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019). They have to carry on making contributions afterwards if it\u2019s in your contract. Check your employer\u2019s maternity policy.\n\n## Unpaid leave\n\nYou may be able to make contributions if you want to - check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.\n\n## If you become self-employed or stop working\n\nYou may be able to carry on contributing to your workplace pension - ask the scheme provider.\n\nYou could use the National Employment Saving Trust (NEST) - a workplace pension scheme that working self-employed people or sole directors of limited companies can use.\n\nYou could set up a personal or stakeholder pension.\n\nYou can get help with your workplace pension options.\n\n## If you want to leave your workplace pension scheme\n\nWhat you do if you want to leave a workplace pension depends on whether you\u2019ve been \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019 in it or not.\n\n## If you have not been automatically enrolled\n\nCheck with your employer - they\u2019ll tell you what to do.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled\n\nYour employer will have sent you a letter telling you that you\u2019ve been added to the scheme.\n\nYou can leave (called \u2018opting out\u2019) if you want to.\n\nIf you opt out within a month of your employer adding you to the scheme, you\u2019ll get back any money you\u2019ve already paid in.\n\nYou may not be able to get your payments refunded if you opt out later - they\u2019ll usually stay in your pension until you retire.\n\nYou can opt out by contacting your pension provider. Your employer must tell you how to do this.\n\n## Reducing your payments\n\nYou may be able to reduce the amount you contribute to your workplace pension for a short time. Check with both your employer and your pension provider to see if you can do this and how long you can do it for.\n\n## Opting back in\n\nYou can do this at any time by writing to your employer. They do not have to accept you back into their workplace scheme if you\u2019ve opted in and then opted out in the past 12 months.\n\n## Rejoining the scheme automatically\n\nYour employer will automatically re-enrol you in the scheme. They must do this either every 3 years (from the date you first enrolled), or they can choose to do it sooner. They\u2019ll write to you when they do this.\n\n## When you do not rejoin automatically\n\nIf you no longer qualify for the scheme, you will not be automatically re-enrolled.\n\nIf you chose to leave the scheme in the 12 months before the date you would have been re-enrolled, your employer does not have to automatically re-enrol you. But they can choose to re-enrol you.\n\n## Get help\n\nFor questions about the specific terms of your workplace pension scheme, talk to your pension provider or your employer.\n\nYou can get free, impartial information about your workplace pension options from:\n\n- the Money Advice Service\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\n- Pension Wise if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme\n\nYou can get impartial advice about workplace pensions from an independent financial adviser. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for the advice.\n\nFor general questions on workplace pensions contact the DWP Workplace Pension Information Line.\n\nOnly use the information line if you\u2019re a worker - employers should contact The Pensions Regulator.\n\n## Problems with being \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019\n\nContact the The Pensions Regulator if you have concerns about the way your employer is dealing with automatic enrolment.\n\nThe Pensions Advisory Service may also be able to help you.\n\n## If you\u2019re already paying into a personal pension\n\nCheck whether it\u2019s better for you to:\n\n- carry on with just your personal pension\n\n- stop paying into your personal pension and join your workplace pension\n\n- keep paying into both\n\n## If you\u2019re saving large amounts in pensions\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge if your total savings in workplace pensions and any other personal pension scheme go above your:\n\n- lifetime allowance - \u00a31,055,000\n\n- annual allowance - usually the lowest out of \u00a340,000 or 100% of your annual income\n\nIf you start taking your pension pot your annual allowance could drop to as low as \u00a34,000.\n\n## If your pension scheme is closing\n\nThis can happen if your employer decides they do not want to use a scheme anymore or they can no longer pay their contributions. What happens to the money you paid in depends on the pension scheme you\u2019ve joined.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled, your employer cannot close a pension scheme without automatically enrolling you into another one.\n\n## If you\u2019re getting a divorce\n\nYou and your spouse or partner will have to tell the court the value of each of your pension pots. You then have different options to work out what happens to your pension when you get a divorce.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My daughter is 25 years old and working full time in the UK . She is earning a salary of \u00a316,000 per year.", + "original_question": "Can she be automatically enrolled to the workplace pension scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2015", + "question": "Scenario: I have been told by employer that I will be having a disciplinary hearing. They have not provided me with the reason for this, nor provided me with it in writing.\n\nQuestion: Should my employer be giving me these details in writing?\n\nDocument - Disciplinary procedures and action against you at work:\n## Overview\n\nYour employer could start formal disciplinary action against you if they have concerns about your work, conduct or absence.\n\nBefore taking formal disciplinary action or dismissing you, your employer may try to raise the matter informally with you. However, they can go straight to their formal disciplinary or dismissal procedures.\n\nDisciplinary procedures are a set way for an employer to deal with disciplinary issues. They should include a disciplinary hearing where you\u2019re given a chance to explain your side of the story.\n\nThere should also be a chance to appeal any disciplinary action your employer decides to take.\n\n## How disciplinary procedures work\n\nYour employer should put their disciplinary procedure in writing, and make it easily available to all staff.\n\nIt should say what performance and behaviour might lead to disciplinary action and what action your employer might take.\n\nIt should also include the name of someone you can speak to if you do not agree with your employer\u2019s disciplinary decision.\n\n## Disciplinary steps\n\nYour employer\u2019s disciplinary procedure should include the following steps:\n\n- A letter setting out the issue.\n\n- A meeting to discuss the issue.\n\n- A disciplinary decision.\n\n- A chance to appeal this decision.\n\n## Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) Code of Practice\n\nYour employer\u2019s disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.\n\nYour employer does not have to follow the Acas code. However, if they do not and you win an employment tribunal against them, you could get a larger payout.\n\nThere\u2019s more guidance about how employers should run disciplinaries in the Acas guide on discipline and grievances at work.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures and employment contracts\n\nYour employer can also put their disciplinary procedures in your employment contract.\n\nIf your employer does this and then does not follow these procedures you could sue them for breach of contract.\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nNorthern Ireland has different ways of solving workplace disputes.\n\n## Disciplinary hearings\n\nYour employer should not take any disciplinary action before meeting with you first and discussing the problem.\n\nThis disciplinary meeting (normally called a \u2018hearing\u2019) should be at a reasonable time and place.\n\nAt the hearing your employer should:\n\n- explain the complaint against you\n\n- go through the evidence\n\n- give you a chance to tell your side of the story\n\nIf you raise a significant new fact or issue at the hearing your employer might stop it and look into the issue. They should then rearrange the hearing at a later date.\n\n## Taking someone with you to a disciplinary hearing\n\nYou have the right to take someone with you to a disciplinary hearing, but you must tell your employer about this first.\n\nYour companion can be either:\n\n- a colleague\n\n- a trade union representative\n\n- a trade union official\n\nIf a colleague cannot go with you and you\u2019re not in the union you can ask to bring a family member or a Citizens Advice worker. However, your employer does not have to agree to this unless your employment contract says they must.\n\nThe companion can:\n\n- present and/or sum up your case and say things to support your case\n\n- speak to you during the hearing\n\nYour companion cannot answer questions on your behalf.\n\nYour companion cannot be disciplined for supporting you.\n\n## Disciplinary action\n\nAfter the hearing your employer should write to you as soon as possible, saying what action they\u2019re going to take, and telling you about your right to appeal.\n\nThe decision might be:\n\n- no action\n\n- written warning\n\n- final warning\n\n- demotion\n\n- dismissal\n\nIt might also be anything else that could resolve the problem, for example an agreement to mediate with a co-worker you\u2019ve had personal problems with.\n\n## Disciplinary appeals\n\nIf you think disciplinary action taken against you is unfair you can appeal.\n\nWrite to your employer saying you\u2019re appealing and why.\n\n## Appeal hearings\n\nYou should be offered another meeting to discuss your appeal. This appeal hearing should be held as soon as possible.\n\nIf possible it should be dealt with by someone who has not already been involved with your disciplinary action.\n\nAn appeal hearing will be similar to your original disciplinary meeting and you\u2019ll have the right to bring a companion.\n\n## Final decision\n\nAfter the appeal meeting your employer should write to you with their final decision.\n\n## Suspension from work\n\nWhen a disciplinary issue is being looked into you might be suspended from work. This does not happen very often. If it does it should normally be with pay and you should be told why you\u2019re being suspended.\n\n## Employment contracts\n\nYou can be suspended without pay if your employment contract says your employer can do this, but they must be acting reasonably.\n\nIf your employment contract does not say your employer can do this, your employer may still be able to suspend you, but with pay. To show that it\u2019s not a punishment the suspension will normally be on full pay.\n\n## Employment rights when suspended\n\nYou keep your employment rights while suspended. If you do not get the right pay you may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal for \u2018unlawful deduction from wages\u2019.\n\n## Talking to other employees, customers and/or suppliers\n\nIf you\u2019re suspended, you might be told not to talk to other employees, customers and/or suppliers. If this means you cannot defend yourself properly at a disciplinary hearing, you could make an appeal.\n\nBut if you\u2019ve been asked not to talk and you do, your employer might decide to take further disciplinary action against you.\n\n## Help and advice with disciplinary issues\n\nThere are several organisations that could give you advice about disciplinary issues.\n\n## Acas\n\nAcas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) offers free, confidential and impartial advice about all employment rights issues.\n\n## Citizens Advice\n\nYour local Citizens Advice can also give free and impartial advice.\n\n## Trade unions\n\nIf you\u2019re a member of a trade union you can get help and advice from them.\n\n## Equality Advisory Support Service\n\nContact the Equality Advisory Support Service for advice about discrimination, equality and human rights.\n\nYou can also find more information on the Equality Advisory Support Service website.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disciplinary-procedures-and-action-at-work", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been told by employer that I will be having a disciplinary hearing. They have not provided me with the reason for this, nor provided me with it in writing.", + "original_question": "Should my employer be giving me these details in writing?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2016", + "question": "Scenario: I have been told that I am going to be suspended due to a colleague's accusation. I have been told that I am not allowed to speak to my colleagues at work, but this will hinder my defence.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to appeal against this decision?\n\nDocument - Disciplinary procedures and action against you at work:\n## Overview\n\nYour employer could start formal disciplinary action against you if they have concerns about your work, conduct or absence.\n\nBefore taking formal disciplinary action or dismissing you, your employer may try to raise the matter informally with you. However, they can go straight to their formal disciplinary or dismissal procedures.\n\nDisciplinary procedures are a set way for an employer to deal with disciplinary issues. They should include a disciplinary hearing where you\u2019re given a chance to explain your side of the story.\n\nThere should also be a chance to appeal any disciplinary action your employer decides to take.\n\n## How disciplinary procedures work\n\nYour employer should put their disciplinary procedure in writing, and make it easily available to all staff.\n\nIt should say what performance and behaviour might lead to disciplinary action and what action your employer might take.\n\nIt should also include the name of someone you can speak to if you do not agree with your employer\u2019s disciplinary decision.\n\n## Disciplinary steps\n\nYour employer\u2019s disciplinary procedure should include the following steps:\n\n- A letter setting out the issue.\n\n- A meeting to discuss the issue.\n\n- A disciplinary decision.\n\n- A chance to appeal this decision.\n\n## Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) Code of Practice\n\nYour employer\u2019s disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.\n\nYour employer does not have to follow the Acas code. However, if they do not and you win an employment tribunal against them, you could get a larger payout.\n\nThere\u2019s more guidance about how employers should run disciplinaries in the Acas guide on discipline and grievances at work.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures and employment contracts\n\nYour employer can also put their disciplinary procedures in your employment contract.\n\nIf your employer does this and then does not follow these procedures you could sue them for breach of contract.\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nNorthern Ireland has different ways of solving workplace disputes.\n\n## Disciplinary hearings\n\nYour employer should not take any disciplinary action before meeting with you first and discussing the problem.\n\nThis disciplinary meeting (normally called a \u2018hearing\u2019) should be at a reasonable time and place.\n\nAt the hearing your employer should:\n\n- explain the complaint against you\n\n- go through the evidence\n\n- give you a chance to tell your side of the story\n\nIf you raise a significant new fact or issue at the hearing your employer might stop it and look into the issue. They should then rearrange the hearing at a later date.\n\n## Taking someone with you to a disciplinary hearing\n\nYou have the right to take someone with you to a disciplinary hearing, but you must tell your employer about this first.\n\nYour companion can be either:\n\n- a colleague\n\n- a trade union representative\n\n- a trade union official\n\nIf a colleague cannot go with you and you\u2019re not in the union you can ask to bring a family member or a Citizens Advice worker. However, your employer does not have to agree to this unless your employment contract says they must.\n\nThe companion can:\n\n- present and/or sum up your case and say things to support your case\n\n- speak to you during the hearing\n\nYour companion cannot answer questions on your behalf.\n\nYour companion cannot be disciplined for supporting you.\n\n## Disciplinary action\n\nAfter the hearing your employer should write to you as soon as possible, saying what action they\u2019re going to take, and telling you about your right to appeal.\n\nThe decision might be:\n\n- no action\n\n- written warning\n\n- final warning\n\n- demotion\n\n- dismissal\n\nIt might also be anything else that could resolve the problem, for example an agreement to mediate with a co-worker you\u2019ve had personal problems with.\n\n## Disciplinary appeals\n\nIf you think disciplinary action taken against you is unfair you can appeal.\n\nWrite to your employer saying you\u2019re appealing and why.\n\n## Appeal hearings\n\nYou should be offered another meeting to discuss your appeal. This appeal hearing should be held as soon as possible.\n\nIf possible it should be dealt with by someone who has not already been involved with your disciplinary action.\n\nAn appeal hearing will be similar to your original disciplinary meeting and you\u2019ll have the right to bring a companion.\n\n## Final decision\n\nAfter the appeal meeting your employer should write to you with their final decision.\n\n## Suspension from work\n\nWhen a disciplinary issue is being looked into you might be suspended from work. This does not happen very often. If it does it should normally be with pay and you should be told why you\u2019re being suspended.\n\n## Employment contracts\n\nYou can be suspended without pay if your employment contract says your employer can do this, but they must be acting reasonably.\n\nIf your employment contract does not say your employer can do this, your employer may still be able to suspend you, but with pay. To show that it\u2019s not a punishment the suspension will normally be on full pay.\n\n## Employment rights when suspended\n\nYou keep your employment rights while suspended. If you do not get the right pay you may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal for \u2018unlawful deduction from wages\u2019.\n\n## Talking to other employees, customers and/or suppliers\n\nIf you\u2019re suspended, you might be told not to talk to other employees, customers and/or suppliers. If this means you cannot defend yourself properly at a disciplinary hearing, you could make an appeal.\n\nBut if you\u2019ve been asked not to talk and you do, your employer might decide to take further disciplinary action against you.\n\n## Help and advice with disciplinary issues\n\nThere are several organisations that could give you advice about disciplinary issues.\n\n## Acas\n\nAcas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) offers free, confidential and impartial advice about all employment rights issues.\n\n## Citizens Advice\n\nYour local Citizens Advice can also give free and impartial advice.\n\n## Trade unions\n\nIf you\u2019re a member of a trade union you can get help and advice from them.\n\n## Equality Advisory Support Service\n\nContact the Equality Advisory Support Service for advice about discrimination, equality and human rights.\n\nYou can also find more information on the Equality Advisory Support Service website.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disciplinary-procedures-and-action-at-work", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been told that I am going to be suspended due to a colleague's accusation. I have been told that I am not allowed to speak to my colleagues at work, but this will hinder my defence.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to appeal against this decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2017", + "question": "Scenario: I have been living in the UK for six years as a refugee. I want to apply for settlement. I previously served a six year jail sentence for theft in my previous country.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible for settlement?\n\nDocument - Settlement: refugee or humanitarian protection:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve got a residence card as a:\n\n- refugee\n\n- person with humanitarian protection\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible in the relevant category.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person who\u2019s been given humanitarian protection.\n\n## Family members\n\nYou may be able to include your partner and any children on your settlement application if they\u2019re already in the UK as your dependants. This includes children born in the UK.\n\nCheck if your family member is eligible.\n\nIf your application is successful, your family members will have the same permission to stay in the UK as you do.\n\n## If you cannot include your family members on your settlement application\n\nIf your family was formed before you left your country, your partner and children can apply to be reunited with you in the UK.\n\nYour family members must apply for a visa to join you in the UK if one of the following is true:\n\n- they\u2019re not eligible to apply as a partner or a child\n\n- your family was formed after you left your country\n\nIf your application is successful, your family members will have permission to stay in the UK for the same length of time as you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply after 5 years in the UK as either:\n\n- a refugee\n\n- someone with humanitarian protection\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nYour settlement application may be refused if you\u2019ve got a criminal record or been in prison - read why applications are refused.\n\nIf you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them to the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person with humanitarian protection.\n\n## Family reunion\n\nYour partner or child may be able to join or stay with you in the UK if:\n\n- you were part of a family before you were forced to leave your country\n\n- you have refugee status, 5 years\u2019 humanitarian protection or settlement on protection grounds but do not yet have British citizenship\n\nYour partner or child cannot join you if:\n\n- you have not received a decision on your asylum claim\n\n- you\u2019re under 18\n\nIf their application is successful, your family members will be allowed to come to or stay in the UK with the same permission as you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour partner and any children must meet the following requirements.\n\n## Partner\n\nYour partner is someone you\u2019re in a genuine relationship with. You must be able to prove one of the following:\n\n- you\u2019re married\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership\n\nIf you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership, your partner may be able to join you if:\n\n- you were given refugee status or humanitarian protection on or after 9 October 2006\n\n- you\u2019ve lived together in a relationship like in a marriage or civil partnership for 2 years and you\u2019ve been given asylum or humanitarian protection after 9 October 2006\n\nYou and your partner must intend to live together and continue your relationship after they apply.\n\n## Children\n\nYour child is:\n\n- under the age of 18\n\n- going to live with you and your partner\n\n- not married or in a civil partnership\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nYour partner or child must apply online for family reunion.\n\nYou can apply on behalf of your child but, in most cases, your partner must make their own application.\n\nThey\u2019ll also have to complete application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.\n\n## North Korea\n\nYour partner or child cannot apply online if they\u2019re applying from North Korea.\n\nThey need to download application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.\n\nThey should read the guidance on filling in the form and the instructions for North Korea.\n\n## Apply in the UK\n\nYour partner or child can apply to stay with you in the UK if all the following are true:\n\n- you have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\n- they\u2019re making their first application to stay with you and they\u2019re already in the UK\n\n- they can prove their relationship pre-dates your departure from your home country because of persecution\n\nThey must apply by letter to:\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen your family member applies, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a Service and Support Centre to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo) and have their supporting documents checked.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for family reunion for eligible family members.\n\n## Family applying as dependants\n\nIf you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection, your family members can apply for settlement on the same form as you if they\u2019re already in the UK.\n\nFamily members are:\n\n- your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 2 years before applying to settle)\n\n- your child or children - born in the UK or abroad\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour family members must either have been given permission to be in the UK with you:\n\n- as your dependant, at the same time you were granted asylum or Humanitarian Protection\n\n- using the family reunion route\n\nA child of yours born in the UK who is not a British citizen is also eligible.\n\nYou need to provide evidence of your relationship - check the application form.\n\n## Children over 18\n\nYou can only include your children over 18 in your settlement application if:\n\n- they were granted as your dependant when you got your original grant of asylum and leave to enter or remain\n\n- they were granted leave to enter or remain by applying for family reunion\n\n## Other exceptions\n\nYou cannot include a partner or other dependant who:\n\n- already has permission to be in the UK in another category\n\n- is currently in the UK without permission\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them to the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement for a family member.\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nIf you have a criminal record or have been in prison, you may be refused settlement.\n\nIf you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settlement-refugee-or-humanitarian-protection", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been living in the UK for six years as a refugee. I want to apply for settlement. I previously served a six year jail sentence for theft in my previous country.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible for settlement?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2018", + "question": "Scenario: I am 16 years of age. I moved to the UK with Humanitarian Protection status. I have received a decision on my asylum claim. In my previous country, I was married to a woman.\n\nQuestion: Will my wife be able to join me in the UK?\n\nDocument - Settlement: refugee or humanitarian protection:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve got a residence card as a:\n\n- refugee\n\n- person with humanitarian protection\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible in the relevant category.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person who\u2019s been given humanitarian protection.\n\n## Family members\n\nYou may be able to include your partner and any children on your settlement application if they\u2019re already in the UK as your dependants. This includes children born in the UK.\n\nCheck if your family member is eligible.\n\nIf your application is successful, your family members will have the same permission to stay in the UK as you do.\n\n## If you cannot include your family members on your settlement application\n\nIf your family was formed before you left your country, your partner and children can apply to be reunited with you in the UK.\n\nYour family members must apply for a visa to join you in the UK if one of the following is true:\n\n- they\u2019re not eligible to apply as a partner or a child\n\n- your family was formed after you left your country\n\nIf your application is successful, your family members will have permission to stay in the UK for the same length of time as you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply after 5 years in the UK as either:\n\n- a refugee\n\n- someone with humanitarian protection\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nYour settlement application may be refused if you\u2019ve got a criminal record or been in prison - read why applications are refused.\n\nIf you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them to the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person with humanitarian protection.\n\n## Family reunion\n\nYour partner or child may be able to join or stay with you in the UK if:\n\n- you were part of a family before you were forced to leave your country\n\n- you have refugee status, 5 years\u2019 humanitarian protection or settlement on protection grounds but do not yet have British citizenship\n\nYour partner or child cannot join you if:\n\n- you have not received a decision on your asylum claim\n\n- you\u2019re under 18\n\nIf their application is successful, your family members will be allowed to come to or stay in the UK with the same permission as you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour partner and any children must meet the following requirements.\n\n## Partner\n\nYour partner is someone you\u2019re in a genuine relationship with. You must be able to prove one of the following:\n\n- you\u2019re married\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership\n\nIf you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership, your partner may be able to join you if:\n\n- you were given refugee status or humanitarian protection on or after 9 October 2006\n\n- you\u2019ve lived together in a relationship like in a marriage or civil partnership for 2 years and you\u2019ve been given asylum or humanitarian protection after 9 October 2006\n\nYou and your partner must intend to live together and continue your relationship after they apply.\n\n## Children\n\nYour child is:\n\n- under the age of 18\n\n- going to live with you and your partner\n\n- not married or in a civil partnership\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nYour partner or child must apply online for family reunion.\n\nYou can apply on behalf of your child but, in most cases, your partner must make their own application.\n\nThey\u2019ll also have to complete application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.\n\n## North Korea\n\nYour partner or child cannot apply online if they\u2019re applying from North Korea.\n\nThey need to download application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.\n\nThey should read the guidance on filling in the form and the instructions for North Korea.\n\n## Apply in the UK\n\nYour partner or child can apply to stay with you in the UK if all the following are true:\n\n- you have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\n- they\u2019re making their first application to stay with you and they\u2019re already in the UK\n\n- they can prove their relationship pre-dates your departure from your home country because of persecution\n\nThey must apply by letter to:\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen your family member applies, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a Service and Support Centre to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo) and have their supporting documents checked.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for family reunion for eligible family members.\n\n## Family applying as dependants\n\nIf you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection, your family members can apply for settlement on the same form as you if they\u2019re already in the UK.\n\nFamily members are:\n\n- your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 2 years before applying to settle)\n\n- your child or children - born in the UK or abroad\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour family members must either have been given permission to be in the UK with you:\n\n- as your dependant, at the same time you were granted asylum or Humanitarian Protection\n\n- using the family reunion route\n\nA child of yours born in the UK who is not a British citizen is also eligible.\n\nYou need to provide evidence of your relationship - check the application form.\n\n## Children over 18\n\nYou can only include your children over 18 in your settlement application if:\n\n- they were granted as your dependant when you got your original grant of asylum and leave to enter or remain\n\n- they were granted leave to enter or remain by applying for family reunion\n\n## Other exceptions\n\nYou cannot include a partner or other dependant who:\n\n- already has permission to be in the UK in another category\n\n- is currently in the UK without permission\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them to the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement for a family member.\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nIf you have a criminal record or have been in prison, you may be refused settlement.\n\nIf you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settlement-refugee-or-humanitarian-protection", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 16 years of age. I moved to the UK with Humanitarian Protection status. I have received a decision on my asylum claim. In my previous country, I was married to a woman.", + "original_question": "Will my wife be able to join me in the UK?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2019", + "question": "Scenario: I am a Turkish Business Person holding a visa to reside in the UK. I want my children and their carer, who is a family employee, to join me in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Can my children and their long term carer enter the UK and become a resident?\n\nDocument - Apply for settlement if you're a Turkish Worker or Businessperson:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for indefinite leave to remain (settlement) if you\u2019re in the UK on a:\n\n- Turkish Worker visa\n\n- Turkish Businessperson visa\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply for settlement.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe application fee is \u00a32,389.\n\nYou also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\nIf you have family members applying for settlement with you, you\u2019ll need to pay the \u00a32,389 application fee and the \u00a319.20 biometric information fee for each person.\n\nIf your partner is applying to extend their visa, their fee is \u00a31,033 instead. They\u2019ll need to pay the healthcare surcharge.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nGetting indefinite leave to remain means you can continue to live and work in the UK for as long as you like. It will mean you\u2019re eligible:\n\n- to take up any job\n\n- to run a business\n\n- for public services, such as healthcare and schools\n\n- for public funds and pensions\n\n- for British citizenship, if you meet the requirements\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible to settle in the UK, you must have:\n\n- met the knowledge of language requirement\n\n- passed the Life in the UK test\n\n- registered with the police if you were told to\n\n- been living and working in the UK for the last 5 years without receiving public funds\n\n- spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months in the last 5 years\n\nYou must continue to run a business if you\u2019re on a Turkish Businessperson visa.\n\nYour application might be refused if, for example, you\u2019ve:\n\n- got a criminal record in the UK or another country\n\n- provided false or incomplete information to the Home Office\n\n- broken UK immigration law\n\nRead the guidance on why applications can be refused.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- previous passports showing you\u2019ve been living legally in the UK for the past 5 years - if your current passport does not show this\n\n- the unique reference code that proves you passed the English language requirement\n\n- your police registration certificate covering the past 5 years (unless you did not need to register)\n\n## If you\u2019re a Turkish Businessperson\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to prove that you\u2019re continuing to run a business. You might need to provide documents, such as:\n\n- invoices showing work done\n\n- business bank statements\n\n- proof of National Insurance contributions - if appropriate\n\n- advertising materials\n\n- proof of renting or having purchased business premises\n\n## Family members\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa if they are:\n\n- your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 5 years before applying to settle)\n\n- your child under 21 or in limited circumstances over 21 (including children born in the UK)\n\n## Partners applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\nIf your partner is applying for indefinite leave to remain, they must:\n\n- have been granted leave as your dependant\n\n- have lived in the UK with you for a continuous period of 5 years\n\n- have met the knowledge of language and Life in the UK test\n\n## Partners applying to extend their visa\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain, but your partner has not been here for 5 years on your visa they can apply to extend their visa.\n\nFor your partner to qualify, they must:\n\n- have last been granted entry clearance or leave to remain as your dependant\n\n- be living together with you in a genuine relationship\n\n- be living in suitable accommodation which you maintain without access to public funds\n\n- be registered with the police if they were told to\n\n## Children applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\nFor your children or child to apply for indefinite leave to remain, they must:\n\n- have been granted leave as your dependant\n\n- apply at the same time as both parents, or where both parents are settled already\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership, have formed an independent family unit or be leading an independent life\n\n- have met the knowledge of language requirement and Life in the UK test - if they\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- have registered with the police if they were told to and are 16 or over\n\nYour child may also be able to apply if one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re the child\u2019s only living parent\n\n- you have sole responsibility for them\n\n- there are serious reasons to let your child stay in the UK, for example they have a serious illness\n\n- their other parent is in the UK legally\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain, your child may be eligible to apply if their other parent is extending a Turkish visa.\n\n## Documents your family need to provide\n\nEach family member must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- 2 passport size colour photographs\n\n- proof of your relationship, for example a marriage or birth certificate, council tax bills or bank statements\n\n- proof they will live permanently with you, for example letters from your child\u2019s school or their doctor\n\n- proof that you have sole responsibility for any children aged under 21 if the other parent will not be in the UK (for example, written permission or relevant legal documents)\n\n## Apply\n\nYou can apply to settle in the UK (indefinite leave to remain). Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa. You must be in the UK to apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who you\u2019ve included in your application form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker-business-person-settlement", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a Turkish Business Person holding a visa to reside in the UK. I want my children and their carer, who is a family employee, to join me in the UK.", + "original_question": "Can my children and their long term carer enter the UK and become a resident?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2020", + "question": "Scenario: I hold a Turkish Business Person visa. I have lived in the UK for 10 years. My estranged husband in Turkey has suffered an accident that has left him requiring 24 hour a day care. I am responsible for his care as his only relative.\n\nQuestion: Can my husband join me in the UK and be granted permanent leave to remain?\n\nDocument - Apply for settlement if you're a Turkish Worker or Businessperson:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for indefinite leave to remain (settlement) if you\u2019re in the UK on a:\n\n- Turkish Worker visa\n\n- Turkish Businessperson visa\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply for settlement.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe application fee is \u00a32,389.\n\nYou also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\nIf you have family members applying for settlement with you, you\u2019ll need to pay the \u00a32,389 application fee and the \u00a319.20 biometric information fee for each person.\n\nIf your partner is applying to extend their visa, their fee is \u00a31,033 instead. They\u2019ll need to pay the healthcare surcharge.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nGetting indefinite leave to remain means you can continue to live and work in the UK for as long as you like. It will mean you\u2019re eligible:\n\n- to take up any job\n\n- to run a business\n\n- for public services, such as healthcare and schools\n\n- for public funds and pensions\n\n- for British citizenship, if you meet the requirements\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible to settle in the UK, you must have:\n\n- met the knowledge of language requirement\n\n- passed the Life in the UK test\n\n- registered with the police if you were told to\n\n- been living and working in the UK for the last 5 years without receiving public funds\n\n- spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months in the last 5 years\n\nYou must continue to run a business if you\u2019re on a Turkish Businessperson visa.\n\nYour application might be refused if, for example, you\u2019ve:\n\n- got a criminal record in the UK or another country\n\n- provided false or incomplete information to the Home Office\n\n- broken UK immigration law\n\nRead the guidance on why applications can be refused.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- previous passports showing you\u2019ve been living legally in the UK for the past 5 years - if your current passport does not show this\n\n- the unique reference code that proves you passed the English language requirement\n\n- your police registration certificate covering the past 5 years (unless you did not need to register)\n\n## If you\u2019re a Turkish Businessperson\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to prove that you\u2019re continuing to run a business. You might need to provide documents, such as:\n\n- invoices showing work done\n\n- business bank statements\n\n- proof of National Insurance contributions - if appropriate\n\n- advertising materials\n\n- proof of renting or having purchased business premises\n\n## Family members\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa if they are:\n\n- your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 5 years before applying to settle)\n\n- your child under 21 or in limited circumstances over 21 (including children born in the UK)\n\n## Partners applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\nIf your partner is applying for indefinite leave to remain, they must:\n\n- have been granted leave as your dependant\n\n- have lived in the UK with you for a continuous period of 5 years\n\n- have met the knowledge of language and Life in the UK test\n\n## Partners applying to extend their visa\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain, but your partner has not been here for 5 years on your visa they can apply to extend their visa.\n\nFor your partner to qualify, they must:\n\n- have last been granted entry clearance or leave to remain as your dependant\n\n- be living together with you in a genuine relationship\n\n- be living in suitable accommodation which you maintain without access to public funds\n\n- be registered with the police if they were told to\n\n## Children applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\nFor your children or child to apply for indefinite leave to remain, they must:\n\n- have been granted leave as your dependant\n\n- apply at the same time as both parents, or where both parents are settled already\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership, have formed an independent family unit or be leading an independent life\n\n- have met the knowledge of language requirement and Life in the UK test - if they\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- have registered with the police if they were told to and are 16 or over\n\nYour child may also be able to apply if one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re the child\u2019s only living parent\n\n- you have sole responsibility for them\n\n- there are serious reasons to let your child stay in the UK, for example they have a serious illness\n\n- their other parent is in the UK legally\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain, your child may be eligible to apply if their other parent is extending a Turkish visa.\n\n## Documents your family need to provide\n\nEach family member must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- 2 passport size colour photographs\n\n- proof of your relationship, for example a marriage or birth certificate, council tax bills or bank statements\n\n- proof they will live permanently with you, for example letters from your child\u2019s school or their doctor\n\n- proof that you have sole responsibility for any children aged under 21 if the other parent will not be in the UK (for example, written permission or relevant legal documents)\n\n## Apply\n\nYou can apply to settle in the UK (indefinite leave to remain). Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa. You must be in the UK to apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who you\u2019ve included in your application form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker-business-person-settlement", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I hold a Turkish Business Person visa. I have lived in the UK for 10 years. My estranged husband in Turkey has suffered an accident that has left him requiring 24 hour a day care. I am responsible for his care as his only relative.", + "original_question": "Can my husband join me in the UK and be granted permanent leave to remain?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2021", + "question": "Scenario: My work colleagues and I belong to a trade union and we have work related issues which we need them tacked like low wages, unpaid leave days.\n\nQuestion: Can a trade union do collective bargaining with the employer?\n\nDocument - Joining a trade union:\n## Joining a trade union\n\nA trade union is an organisation with members who are usually workers or employees. It looks after their interests at work by doing things like:\n\n- negotiating agreements with employers on pay and conditions\n\n- discussing big changes like large scale redundancy\n\n- discussing members\u2019 concerns with employers\n\n- going with members to disciplinary and grievance meetings\n\n## Find a union to join\n\nIf there\u2019s a union at work, you can ask the trade union representative (\u2018rep\u2019) about joining. Their contact details may be in your company handbook, intranet site or on the union noticeboard.\n\nThe union rep will tell you if you\u2019re eligible to join and give you a membership form to fill in.\n\n## Trade union contact details\n\nYou can search a list of unions and their contact details put together by the Certification Officer, the independent organisation responsible for the legal regulation of unions.\n\nYou can also use the TUC\u2019s interactive tool to help you find a trade union in your workplace, or one which covers your type of job.\n\n## Trade union membership subscriptions\n\nYour union will charge a union membership fee (\u2018membership sub\u2019) to finance the work of the union. This can be the same amount for all employees or based on how much you\u2019re paid.\n\n## Paying your membership subs\n\nYou can pay your subs by:\n\n- having the amount taken by your employer from your pay and sent to the union (otherwise known as \u2018check-off\u2019)\n\n- direct debit\n\n- cash\n\n- cheque\n\n## Paying by check-off\n\nYour employer does not have to take union membership subs from your pay and send it to the union. They can stop sending your membership subs unless your employment contract says they have to.\n\nYour employer cannot take union membership subs from your pay without your written permission. Many trade unions will get your agreement to pay by check-off when you join, and forward it to your employer.\n\nYou can also ask your employer in writing to stop taking money from your pay for check-off whenever you want. They must then stop taking subs from your pay as soon as it\u2019s possible.\n\nYour employer is responsible for making sure that any check-off payments they make are legal.\n\n## What to do if you have a problem\n\nIf you have a problem with your check-off payments, try to discuss the issue with your employer and your trade union first.\n\nIf your trade union subscriptions are taken from your pay without your consent, you could make a complaint to an employment tribunal against your employer.\n\nIf your complaint is successful the employment tribunal can order your employer to pay you the value of the unauthorised payments.\n\n## Trade union membership: your employment rights\n\nYou have the right to:\n\n- choose to join or not join a union\n\n- decide to leave or remain a member of a union\n\n- belong to the union you choose, even if it\u2019s not the one your employer negotiates with on pay, terms and conditions\n\n- belong to more than one union\n\nYour employer is not allowed to:\n\n- offer you a benefit to leave a trade union\n\n- threaten to treat you unfairly if you do not leave a union\n\n## Refusing to employ you for trade union membership reasons\n\nAn employer or employment agency is not allowed to insist that you:\n\n- join or leave a trade union\n\n- leave one union for another\n\n## Dismissal for trade union membership reasons\n\nYour employer is not allowed to dismiss you or choose you for redundancy because you:\n\n- are or want to be a union member\n\n- are not or do not want to be a union member\n\n- took part or wanted to take part in union activities\n\n## Other unfavourable treatment\n\nYour employer must not treat you unfavourably (for example refusing you promotion or training opportunities) if you:\n\n- join a union\n\n- take part in its meetings\n\n- leave a union\n\n## What to do if you have a problem\n\nYou may be able to use a grievance procedure or go to an employment tribunal if you think your employer has treated you unfairly because of your trade union membership.\n\nContact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) if you have any questions about trade union membership.\n\n## Role of your trade union rep\n\nA trade union representative (\u2018rep\u2019) is a union member who represents and gives advice to colleagues when they have problems at work.\n\nTrade union reps are not paid but they do get paid time off to do their work as a rep.\n\n## What do union reps do?\n\nReps are there to:\n\n- discuss any concerns you have about your employer\n\n- go with (\u2018accompany\u2019) you to disciplinary or grievance hearings with management\n\n- represent you in negotiations (\u2018collective bargaining\u2019) over your pay and terms and conditions of employment\n\n- meet with your employer to find solutions to workplace issues\n\n- develop the best possible health and safety procedures with your employer\n\nEmployers must consult with union reps if:\n\n- there is going to be a business transfer or takeover\n\n- they are planning to make 20 or more people redundant within 90 days\n\n## Your right to be accompanied\n\nYou have the right to be accompanied by your union rep to some meetings with management - for example, if:\n\n- you\u2019re facing a disciplinary charge\n\n- you wish to raise a grievance with your employer\n\nIf your union rep cannot attend, you may be able to rearrange the meeting or ask a work colleague to go with you.\n\n## Becoming a union rep\n\nIf you want to become a union rep, ask another rep in the workplace or contact your union through its website. Depending on union rules, you may be appointed or elected.\n\nIf you become a union rep, find out what rights you have.\n\n## Union negotiations with your employer\n\nWhen an employer and a union agree to negotiate on pay, terms and conditions, this agreement is called \u2018recognition\u2019 of the union. The negotiations are called \u2018collective bargaining\u2019.\n\n## How collective bargaining works\n\nYour employer and trade union must agree on how collective bargaining will be done including:\n\n- which union, rep or official will represent a group of workers or employees (this group is called a \u2018bargaining unit\u2019)\n\n- who is included in the bargaining unit\n\n- how often meetings will take place\n\n- what issues they\u2019ll discuss\n\n- how disagreements will be handled\n\n- how collective bargaining will work if more than one union is recognised\n\n## Collective agreements\n\nAgreements reached through collective bargaining are called collective agreements and they often mean a change in your employment terms and conditions.\n\nCollective agreements can cover all staff - not just union members.\n\nYour employment contract may say which collective agreements cover you if:\n\n- your employer recognises more than one trade union\n\n- 1 union is recognised to negotiate for more than 1 bargaining unit", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/join-trade-union", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My work colleagues and I belong to a trade union and we have work related issues which we need them tacked like low wages, unpaid leave days.", + "original_question": "Can a trade union do collective bargaining with the employer?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2024", + "question": "Scenario: My son is serving in the Royal Navy at the moment and I'd like to send him a parcel of his favourite food and drinks but have been told there are limits on what service people can receive.\n\nQuestion: Am I allowed to send these to my son?\n\nDocument - Send mail with the British Forces Post Office (BFPO):\n## Find a BFPO number\n\nYou can use the British Forces Post Office (BFPO) if you\u2019re sending mail to:\n\n- serving armed forces personnel and their families\n\n- an employee of the Ministry of Defence (MOD), or another official organisation, who\u2019s entitled to use BFPO\n\nYou should only use BFPO to send mail to someone you know - there are other ways to support members of the armed forces.\n\nCheck for updates to postal services, including changes to services because of Christmas, coronavirus or problems like severe weather or industrial action.\n\n## BFPO numbers\n\nSee a list of all BFPO locations with their numbers and postcodes.\n\nOnly use postcodes when ordering items from UK-based websites.\n\n## How to address BFPO mail\n\nWrite the address clearly in capital letters, keeping exactly to the format for the role of the person you\u2019re posting to.\n\nWrite a return address on the back of the mail.\n\nUse a BFPO postcode if you\u2019re ordering goods online, or a BFPO number for anything else.\n\nIf you use a BFPO postcode instead of a BFPO number, it\u2019ll still arrive but it may take longer.\n\nWrite \u2018GB\u2019 after the BFPO number or postcode if you\u2019re posting mail from outside the UK.\n\nYour mail may be delayed or sent to the wrong place if you:\n\n- include the location (such as the town or country) in the address when using a BFPO number\n\n- write anything else on the packaging\n\n## Address format for service personnel\n\n## Address format for family\n\nUse this format if the item is for a dependant of a serving member of HM Forces.\n\n## Address format for non-service personnel\n\nUse this format if the item is for an employee of the Ministry of Defence (MOD), or another official organisation, who\u2019s entitled to use BFPO.\n\n## Customs declarations\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a customs declaration if you\u2019re sending something outside of the UK.\n\nParcels up to 2kg are delivered by Royal Mail. You must include:\n\n- form CN22 - for contents worth up to \u00a3270\n\n- form CN23 - for contents worth more than \u00a3270\n\nParcels over 2kg and up to 30kg are delivered by Parcelforce. You must include a form PFU 509/CP72 with these - get one from your local Post Office.\n\n## Cost, size and weight\n\nThe cost of using British Forces Post Office (BFPO) depends on the size and weight of the letter or parcel you\u2019re sending.\n\n## Standard letter\n\nLength: up to 240mm \nWidth: up to 165mm \nThickness: up to 5mm\n\n| Weight range | Cost |\n\n| Up to 100g | \u00a30.85 |\n\n## Large letter\n\nLength: up to 353mm \nWidth: up to 250mm \nThickness: up to 25mm\n\n| Weight range | Cost |\n\n| Up to 100g | \u00a31.29 |\n\n| 101g to 250g | \u00a31.83 |\n\n| 251g to 500g | \u00a32.39 |\n\n| 501g to 750g | \u00a33.30 |\n\n## Small parcels\n\nLength: up to 450mm \nWidth: up to 350mm \nThickness: up to 160mm\n\n| Weight range | Cost |\n\n| Up to 1,000g | \u00a33.85 |\n\n| 1,001g to 2,000g | \u00a35.57 |\n\nIf you\u2019re sending a cylindrical parcel, double the diameter and add this to the length. The total cannot be more than 1,040mm. The biggest dimension cannot be more than 900mm.\n\n## Medium parcels (Royal Mail)\n\nThe medium parcels service is available at Forces Post Offices and UK Post Office branches.\n\nAdd up the length, width and depth. This cannot be more than 900mm.\n\n| Weight range | Cost |\n\n| Up to 1kg | \u00a36 |\n\n| 1.1kg to 2kg | \u00a39.02 |\n\n| Up to to 5kg | \u00a315.85 |\n\n| 5.1kg to 10kg | \u00a321.90 |\n\n| 10.1kg to 20kg | \u00a333.40 |\n\n## Worldwide parcels (ParcelForce)\n\nThere are certain size and weight restrictions depending on which service you choose and where you\u2019re sending your parcel.\n\n| Maximum weight | Cost |\n\n| 2kg | \u00a39 |\n\n| 5kg | \u00a311.60 |\n\n| 10kg | \u00a313.45 |\n\n| 15kg | \u00a319.35 |\n\n| 20kg | \u00a323.75 |\n\n| 25kg | \u00a334.20 |\n\n| 30kg | \u00a337.45 |\n\n## Enduring families free mail service (EFFMS)\n\nFamilies and friends in UK and BFPOs can send packets of up to 2kg, free of charge, to service personnel in certain operations and HM Ships.\n\nRead more about the enduring families free mail service.\n\n## Compensation, insurance and special delivery\n\nRead the guidance on claiming compensation for items that are lost or damaged.\n\n## What you cannot send\n\nYou cannot send some items with British Forces Post Office mail, including:\n\n- alcoholic beverages\n\n- arms and ammunition\n\n- batteries\n\n- Christmas crackers\n\n- financial documents\n\n- fragile items\n\n- indecent, obscene or offensive articles\n\n- prescription medicines and drugs sent for scientific purposes\n\n- pressurised containers (including aerosols like deodorants and shaving foams or gels)\n\n- sharp objects and instruments (including scissors and kitchen knives or utensils)\n\nRead the detailed guidance for the full list of items you cannot send.\n\nIf you send these items, your whole parcel may be delayed or returned to you.\n\n## Buying goods online\n\nYou can use the British Forces Post Office (BFPO) to order goods from certain UK-based online retailers.\n\nSee the list of retailers in this scheme.\n\nRead the disclaimer and additional information if you want to use a company that is not on the list of approved retailers.\n\n## Send an INtouch message\n\nThe INtouch service has been discontinued and is no longer available.\n\nYou can send letters using the enduring families free mail service (EFFMS).\n\n## Contacts and enquiries\n\nRead the guidance about what to do if your mail has not arrived within 30 days.\n\n## Other ways to get support\n\nBFPO is also on:\n\n- Twitter\n\n- Facebook", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bfpo", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My son is serving in the Royal Navy at the moment and I'd like to send him a parcel of his favourite food and drinks but have been told there are limits on what service people can receive.", + "original_question": "Am I allowed to send these to my son?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2025", + "question": "Scenario: I am a woman and I was born on exactly April 6th 1951. I have no idea if this means that I should be eligible for the additional state pension or not, given the circumstances.\n\nQuestion: Have I missed out on an additional payment by a day?\n\nDocument - Additional State Pension:\n## Overview\n\nThe Additional State Pension is an extra amount of money you could get on top of your basic State Pension if you\u2019re:\n\n- a man born before 6 April 1951\n\n- a woman born before 6 April 1953\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou get the new State Pension if you were born on or after this date. You will not qualify for the Additional State Pension, but you might still be able to inherit Additional State Pension from your partner.\n\nYou get the Additional State Pension automatically if you\u2019re eligible for it, unless you\u2019ve contracted out of it.\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere is no fixed amount for the Additional State Pension.\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- how many years you paid National Insurance for\n\n- your earnings\n\n- whether you\u2019ve contracted out of the scheme\n\n- whether you topped up your basic State Pension (this was only possible between 12 October 2015 and 5 April 2017)\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## You reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou will not get the Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. You\u2019ll get the new State Pension.\n\n## You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\nIf you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and started claiming the basic State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get any Additional State Pension you\u2019re eligible for. There is no need to make a separate claim.\n\nYou may not get any Additional State Pension for periods when you were contracted out of it.\n\n## When you have contributed to the Additional State Pension\n\nThe Additional State Pension is made up of 3 schemes. You might have contributed to more than one, depending on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been working\n\n- whether you chose to top up your State Pension\n\n| Time | Scheme | You contributed if |\n\n| 2002 to 2016 | State Second Pension | You were employed or claiming certain benefits |\n\n| 1978 to 2002 | State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme (SERPS) | You were employed |\n\n| 12 October 2015 to 5 April 2017 | State Pension top up | You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and opted in |\n\n## The State Second Pension since 2002\n\nYou contributed through your National Insurance contributions if at any time between 6 April 2002 and 5 April 2016 you were:\n\n- employed and earning at least the lower earnings limit - this was \u00a35,824 in the 2015 to 2016 tax year\n\n- looking after children under 12 and claiming Child Benefit\n\n- caring for a sick or disabled person more than 20 hours a week and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- working as a registered foster carer and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- receiving certain other benefits due to illness or disability\n\n## Contracting out\n\nYou could only contract out of the Additional State Pension if your employer ran a contracted-out pension scheme. Check with them.\n\nWhile you were a member of a contracted-out workplace pension you did not contribute to the Additional State Pension. In some cases, you could get the Second State Pension even if you did not contribute, for example if your earnings were low.\n\nYou cannot contract out after 6 April 2016. If you were contracted out, your National Insurance contributions increased to your standard rate after this date.\n\nThe extra pension you get from a contracted-out pension scheme is usually the same as, or more than, the Additional State Pension you would have got if you did not contract out.\n\n## Check if you were contracted out\n\nYou can find out if you were contracted out by:\n\n- checking an old payslip\n\n- calling your pension provider\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service might be able to find your pension providers\u2019 contact details if you\u2019ve lost contact with them.\n\n## National Insurance while contracting out\n\nYou paid lower National Insurance contributions while you were contracted out if:\n\n- you earned between \u00a3155 and \u00a3770 a week\n\n- you were under State Pension age\n\n- you did not pay reduced rate National Insurance\n\n## What happens when you retire\n\nYou\u2019ll get a pension from your employer\u2019s workplace pension scheme.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou do not have to do anything to claim the Additional State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for an Additional State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get it when you claim your State Pension.\n\nAfter you claim, the Pension Service will write to you and tell you how much you\u2019re getting.\n\n## Inheriting Additional State Pension\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner dies, you may be able to inherit part of their Additional State Pension. Contact the Pension Service to check what you can claim and how.\n\n## Maximum State Second Pension you can inherit\n\nYou can inherit up to 50% of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s State Second Pension.\n\n## Maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit\n\nThe maximum you can inherit depends on when your spouse or civil partner died.\n\nIf they died before 6 October 2002, you can inherit up to 100% of their SERPS pension.\n\nIf they died on or after 6 October 2002, the maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit depends on their date of birth.\n\n| Man\u2019s date of birth | Woman\u2019s date of birth | Maximum % of SERPS and State Pension top up you can inherit |\n\n| 5 October 1937 or before | 5 October 1942 or before | 100% |\n\n| 6 October 1937 to 5 October 1939 | 6 October 1942 to 5 October 1944 | 90% |\n\n| 6 October 1939 to 5 October 1941 | 6 October 1944 to 5 October 1946 | 80% |\n\n| 6 October 1941 to 5 October 1943 | 6 October 1946 to 5 October 1948 | 70% |\n\n| 6 October 1943 to 5 October 1945 | 6 October 1948 to 5 July 1950 | 60% |\n\n| 6 October 1945 and after | 6 July 1950 and after | 50% |\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner died within 90 days of topping up their State Pension, the top up should have been refunded to their estate (their total property, money and possessions), minus any payments they received before they died. This means you will not inherit the top up as part of their Additional State Pension.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nAny Additional State Pension you inherit will be paid on top of your State Pension when you reach State Pension age.\n\n## If you get your own Additional State Pension\n\nThe maximum amount of Additional State Pension you can get is \u00a3180.31 per week.\u00a0The limit does not include State Pension top up.\n\n## If you get Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou may inherit Additional State Pension before you reach State Pension age. You\u2019ll stop receiving it if your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance ends.\n\nYou may receive it again when you reach State Pension age if you were over 45 when you were entitled to Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance or Bereavement Allowance ended before you were 55, you\u2019ll receive less Additional State Pension.\n\n## When you cannot inherit Additional State Pension\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if you remarry or form another civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.\n\nThe date you reach State Pension age also affects whether you can inherit Additional State Pension.\n\n## If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2010\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if they died before they reached their State Pension age and after you reached yours.\n\nThis does not apply if you\u2019re a woman who was married to:\n\n- a man\n\n- a woman who legally changed their gender from male to female during your marriage\n\n## If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if either:\n\n- your spouse or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2016 and reached (or would have reached) State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\n- you started your marriage or civil partnership on or after 6 April 2016\n\n## If you get divorced\n\nIf you get divorced or your civil partnership is dissolved the court can decide that your Additional State Pension should be shared as part of the financial settlement.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to fill in form BR20 to give details of your Additional State Pension.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a woman and I was born on exactly April 6th 1951. I have no idea if this means that I should be eligible for the additional state pension or not, given the circumstances.", + "original_question": "Have I missed out on an additional payment by a day?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2026", + "question": "Scenario: I am 65 and female. I receive the basic state pension. My ex husband and I divorced ten years ago and I have recently learned that before his death he received the additional state pension but did not inform me of this fact. He is fifteen years older than me.\n\nQuestion: Do I have any claim on my ex's state pension, given I did not know he was getting the additional amount?\n\nDocument - Additional State Pension:\n## Overview\n\nThe Additional State Pension is an extra amount of money you could get on top of your basic State Pension if you\u2019re:\n\n- a man born before 6 April 1951\n\n- a woman born before 6 April 1953\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou get the new State Pension if you were born on or after this date. You will not qualify for the Additional State Pension, but you might still be able to inherit Additional State Pension from your partner.\n\nYou get the Additional State Pension automatically if you\u2019re eligible for it, unless you\u2019ve contracted out of it.\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere is no fixed amount for the Additional State Pension.\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- how many years you paid National Insurance for\n\n- your earnings\n\n- whether you\u2019ve contracted out of the scheme\n\n- whether you topped up your basic State Pension (this was only possible between 12 October 2015 and 5 April 2017)\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## You reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou will not get the Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. You\u2019ll get the new State Pension.\n\n## You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\nIf you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and started claiming the basic State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get any Additional State Pension you\u2019re eligible for. There is no need to make a separate claim.\n\nYou may not get any Additional State Pension for periods when you were contracted out of it.\n\n## When you have contributed to the Additional State Pension\n\nThe Additional State Pension is made up of 3 schemes. You might have contributed to more than one, depending on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been working\n\n- whether you chose to top up your State Pension\n\n| Time | Scheme | You contributed if |\n\n| 2002 to 2016 | State Second Pension | You were employed or claiming certain benefits |\n\n| 1978 to 2002 | State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme (SERPS) | You were employed |\n\n| 12 October 2015 to 5 April 2017 | State Pension top up | You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and opted in |\n\n## The State Second Pension since 2002\n\nYou contributed through your National Insurance contributions if at any time between 6 April 2002 and 5 April 2016 you were:\n\n- employed and earning at least the lower earnings limit - this was \u00a35,824 in the 2015 to 2016 tax year\n\n- looking after children under 12 and claiming Child Benefit\n\n- caring for a sick or disabled person more than 20 hours a week and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- working as a registered foster carer and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- receiving certain other benefits due to illness or disability\n\n## Contracting out\n\nYou could only contract out of the Additional State Pension if your employer ran a contracted-out pension scheme. Check with them.\n\nWhile you were a member of a contracted-out workplace pension you did not contribute to the Additional State Pension. In some cases, you could get the Second State Pension even if you did not contribute, for example if your earnings were low.\n\nYou cannot contract out after 6 April 2016. If you were contracted out, your National Insurance contributions increased to your standard rate after this date.\n\nThe extra pension you get from a contracted-out pension scheme is usually the same as, or more than, the Additional State Pension you would have got if you did not contract out.\n\n## Check if you were contracted out\n\nYou can find out if you were contracted out by:\n\n- checking an old payslip\n\n- calling your pension provider\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service might be able to find your pension providers\u2019 contact details if you\u2019ve lost contact with them.\n\n## National Insurance while contracting out\n\nYou paid lower National Insurance contributions while you were contracted out if:\n\n- you earned between \u00a3155 and \u00a3770 a week\n\n- you were under State Pension age\n\n- you did not pay reduced rate National Insurance\n\n## What happens when you retire\n\nYou\u2019ll get a pension from your employer\u2019s workplace pension scheme.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou do not have to do anything to claim the Additional State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for an Additional State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get it when you claim your State Pension.\n\nAfter you claim, the Pension Service will write to you and tell you how much you\u2019re getting.\n\n## Inheriting Additional State Pension\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner dies, you may be able to inherit part of their Additional State Pension. Contact the Pension Service to check what you can claim and how.\n\n## Maximum State Second Pension you can inherit\n\nYou can inherit up to 50% of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s State Second Pension.\n\n## Maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit\n\nThe maximum you can inherit depends on when your spouse or civil partner died.\n\nIf they died before 6 October 2002, you can inherit up to 100% of their SERPS pension.\n\nIf they died on or after 6 October 2002, the maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit depends on their date of birth.\n\n| Man\u2019s date of birth | Woman\u2019s date of birth | Maximum % of SERPS and State Pension top up you can inherit |\n\n| 5 October 1937 or before | 5 October 1942 or before | 100% |\n\n| 6 October 1937 to 5 October 1939 | 6 October 1942 to 5 October 1944 | 90% |\n\n| 6 October 1939 to 5 October 1941 | 6 October 1944 to 5 October 1946 | 80% |\n\n| 6 October 1941 to 5 October 1943 | 6 October 1946 to 5 October 1948 | 70% |\n\n| 6 October 1943 to 5 October 1945 | 6 October 1948 to 5 July 1950 | 60% |\n\n| 6 October 1945 and after | 6 July 1950 and after | 50% |\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner died within 90 days of topping up their State Pension, the top up should have been refunded to their estate (their total property, money and possessions), minus any payments they received before they died. This means you will not inherit the top up as part of their Additional State Pension.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nAny Additional State Pension you inherit will be paid on top of your State Pension when you reach State Pension age.\n\n## If you get your own Additional State Pension\n\nThe maximum amount of Additional State Pension you can get is \u00a3180.31 per week.\u00a0The limit does not include State Pension top up.\n\n## If you get Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou may inherit Additional State Pension before you reach State Pension age. You\u2019ll stop receiving it if your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance ends.\n\nYou may receive it again when you reach State Pension age if you were over 45 when you were entitled to Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance or Bereavement Allowance ended before you were 55, you\u2019ll receive less Additional State Pension.\n\n## When you cannot inherit Additional State Pension\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if you remarry or form another civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.\n\nThe date you reach State Pension age also affects whether you can inherit Additional State Pension.\n\n## If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2010\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if they died before they reached their State Pension age and after you reached yours.\n\nThis does not apply if you\u2019re a woman who was married to:\n\n- a man\n\n- a woman who legally changed their gender from male to female during your marriage\n\n## If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if either:\n\n- your spouse or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2016 and reached (or would have reached) State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\n- you started your marriage or civil partnership on or after 6 April 2016\n\n## If you get divorced\n\nIf you get divorced or your civil partnership is dissolved the court can decide that your Additional State Pension should be shared as part of the financial settlement.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to fill in form BR20 to give details of your Additional State Pension.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 65 and female. I receive the basic state pension. My ex husband and I divorced ten years ago and I have recently learned that before his death he received the additional state pension but did not inform me of this fact. He is fifteen years older than me.", + "original_question": "Do I have any claim on my ex's state pension, given I did not know he was getting the additional amount?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2031", + "question": "Scenario: I applied for an Armed Forces Compensation about 3 months ago. I received a letter last week informing me that I have been declined due to insufficient information. I do have some additional documents I can submit regarding my case which I was told not to submit the first time around since I apparently I already had enough proof.\n\nQuestion: Can I directly appeal to the case tribunal?\n\nDocument - War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber) if you disagree with a decision about your war pension or compensation.\n\nYou must appeal within 1 year of getting your decision letter.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nThere are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Decisions the tribunal can make\n\nThe tribunal will decide whether your injury was caused or made worse by serving in the armed forces.\n\nIf it was, it can then make decisions about:\n\n- your entitlement to a pension or compensation\n\n- how much pension you get\n\n- your entitlement to extra allowances, for example for mobility needs\n\n- pension start dates\n\n- withheld pensions\n\nThe tribunal deals with appeals for the 2 pension schemes currently running, which are:\n\n- the War Pensions Scheme - for injuries caused or made worse by service before 6 April 2005\n\n- the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme - for injuries caused by service from 6 April 2005 onwards\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou may want to get legal help or advice before you appeal.\n\nYou may also be able to get help from organisations including:\n\n- Combat Stress\n\n- Blesma: The Limbless Veterans\n\n- Burma Star Association\n\n- National Gulf Veterans and Families Association (NGVFA)\n\n- Royal Air Forces Association (RAFA)\n\n- Royal British Legion (RBL)\n\n- Soldiers Sailors and Airmen\u2019s Families Association Forces Help (SSAFA)\n\n- UK Armed Forces Charities\n\n## How to appeal\n\nYou should appeal within one year of getting your decision letter.\n\n## Before you appeal\n\nWrite a letter to Veterans UK and ask them to reconsider their decision. Explain why you think the decision is wrong and give any information not included in your original claim.\n\nThey will look at your case again and write to you with their decision.\n\nVeterans UK was previously known as the Service Personnel and Veterans Agency (SPVA).\n\n## If you\u2019re still unhappy\n\nContact the Veterans UK helpline and ask for an appeal form to take your case to the tribunal. Fill it in and send it back to Veterans UK.\n\nCall if you need help filling in the form.\n\n## Late appeals\n\nIn some cases you\u2019ll be allowed to appeal after one year, but you must explain why your appeal is late. You cannot appeal against any decision after 2 years.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nVeterans UK will send the response to your appeal to the tribunal - you\u2019ll get a copy of the response. The response will contain information given in your claim and the evidence used to make the decision under appeal, such as medical reports that you may regard as confidential.\n\nYou can choose to reply in writing (a \u2018written submission\u2019) explaining why you disagree with the facts they used - you must do this within one month of receiving the copy.\n\nThe tribunal will look at your case and ask for more information if they need it.\n\nYou can also send any other evidence to support your case to the tribunal.\n\nThe tribunal will tell you if there\u2019ll be a hearing about your case.\n\nThere are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.\n\n## The tribunal hearing\n\nThere are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.\n\nHearings are usually held in major cities across England and Wales. You\u2019ll be told where you have to go.\n\nThe tribunal will give you at least 14 days\u2019 notice of the date of any hearing. You should be given a hearing within 4 months of the tribunal receiving a response from Veterans UK.\n\nYou must tell the tribunal if you cannot make it to the hearing - they might arrange another date if you have a good reason.\n\nThe tribunal might hold the hearing without you if do not attend.\n\n## Prepare for the hearing\n\nYou can go to the hearing on your own or ask someone to help represent you. You can also call a witness to support your case.\n\nOrganisations that can help represent you include:\n\n- Royal British Legion\n\n- Royal Air Forces Association\n\n- Combat Stress\n\n- Blesma: The Limbless Veterans\n\n- National Gulf Veterans and Families Association\n\n- UK Armed Forces Charities\n\nTake your appeal papers and the documents you\u2019re using as evidence to the hearing. You should give copies of any evidence to the tribunal and Veterans UK before the tribunal hearing.\n\n## Tribunal panel\n\nThe tribunal is made up of:\n\n- a judge\n\n- a medical member\n\n- a service member\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nThe judge, tribunal members, Veterans UK and your representative (if you have one) will ask you questions about your case.\n\nThe tribunal will then question any witnesses you\u2019ve brought to the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision from the tribunal on the day of the hearing.\n\n## Expenses\n\nYou might be able to claim expenses or compensation for:\n\n- travel (only in the UK)\n\n- living expenses for the time you\u2019re away from home\n\n- loss of earnings\n\n## More information\n\nYou can find out more about expenses or contact the tribunal for more information.\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYou can ask the tribunal for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you lose your appeal.\n\nYou must ask for permission to appeal within 6 weeks of getting the decision.\n\nThe Upper Tribunal will look at the case to see if the original decision was correct.\n\n## Reasons for appealing\n\nYou can only appeal if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, including if the tribunal did not:\n\n- follow the right procedures - for example it did not tell you in time about the hearing\n\n- give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts\n\n- apply the law properly\n\nBefore appealing, ask the original tribunal for the written statement of reasons for its decision.\n\n## Contact the Upper Tribunal\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal will make decisions based on:\n\n- the Pensions Appeal Tribunals Act 1943\n\n- The Naval, Military and Air Forces Etc. (Disablement and Death) Service Pensions Order 2006\n\n- the Armed Forces and Reserve Forces (Compensation Scheme) Order 2011\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process set out in the:\n\n- the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber) Rules 2008\n\n- the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-pension-armed-forces-compensation-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I applied for an Armed Forces Compensation about 3 months ago. I received a letter last week informing me that I have been declined due to insufficient information. I do have some additional documents I can submit regarding my case which I was told not to submit the first time around since I apparently I already had enough proof.", + "original_question": "Can I directly appeal to the case tribunal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2032", + "question": "Scenario: Last month I was declined my War Pension application. I was informed via a letter regarding the decision. Since the letter included little to no factual backing of their decision I decided to appeal to the tribunal but once again I reached a dead end. I do not know why my application was declined and don't seem to be able to reach anyone who can give me that information.\n\nQuestion: Can I ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal?\n\nDocument - War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber) if you disagree with a decision about your war pension or compensation.\n\nYou must appeal within 1 year of getting your decision letter.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nThere are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Decisions the tribunal can make\n\nThe tribunal will decide whether your injury was caused or made worse by serving in the armed forces.\n\nIf it was, it can then make decisions about:\n\n- your entitlement to a pension or compensation\n\n- how much pension you get\n\n- your entitlement to extra allowances, for example for mobility needs\n\n- pension start dates\n\n- withheld pensions\n\nThe tribunal deals with appeals for the 2 pension schemes currently running, which are:\n\n- the War Pensions Scheme - for injuries caused or made worse by service before 6 April 2005\n\n- the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme - for injuries caused by service from 6 April 2005 onwards\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou may want to get legal help or advice before you appeal.\n\nYou may also be able to get help from organisations including:\n\n- Combat Stress\n\n- Blesma: The Limbless Veterans\n\n- Burma Star Association\n\n- National Gulf Veterans and Families Association (NGVFA)\n\n- Royal Air Forces Association (RAFA)\n\n- Royal British Legion (RBL)\n\n- Soldiers Sailors and Airmen\u2019s Families Association Forces Help (SSAFA)\n\n- UK Armed Forces Charities\n\n## How to appeal\n\nYou should appeal within one year of getting your decision letter.\n\n## Before you appeal\n\nWrite a letter to Veterans UK and ask them to reconsider their decision. Explain why you think the decision is wrong and give any information not included in your original claim.\n\nThey will look at your case again and write to you with their decision.\n\nVeterans UK was previously known as the Service Personnel and Veterans Agency (SPVA).\n\n## If you\u2019re still unhappy\n\nContact the Veterans UK helpline and ask for an appeal form to take your case to the tribunal. Fill it in and send it back to Veterans UK.\n\nCall if you need help filling in the form.\n\n## Late appeals\n\nIn some cases you\u2019ll be allowed to appeal after one year, but you must explain why your appeal is late. You cannot appeal against any decision after 2 years.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nVeterans UK will send the response to your appeal to the tribunal - you\u2019ll get a copy of the response. The response will contain information given in your claim and the evidence used to make the decision under appeal, such as medical reports that you may regard as confidential.\n\nYou can choose to reply in writing (a \u2018written submission\u2019) explaining why you disagree with the facts they used - you must do this within one month of receiving the copy.\n\nThe tribunal will look at your case and ask for more information if they need it.\n\nYou can also send any other evidence to support your case to the tribunal.\n\nThe tribunal will tell you if there\u2019ll be a hearing about your case.\n\nThere are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.\n\n## The tribunal hearing\n\nThere are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.\n\nHearings are usually held in major cities across England and Wales. You\u2019ll be told where you have to go.\n\nThe tribunal will give you at least 14 days\u2019 notice of the date of any hearing. You should be given a hearing within 4 months of the tribunal receiving a response from Veterans UK.\n\nYou must tell the tribunal if you cannot make it to the hearing - they might arrange another date if you have a good reason.\n\nThe tribunal might hold the hearing without you if do not attend.\n\n## Prepare for the hearing\n\nYou can go to the hearing on your own or ask someone to help represent you. You can also call a witness to support your case.\n\nOrganisations that can help represent you include:\n\n- Royal British Legion\n\n- Royal Air Forces Association\n\n- Combat Stress\n\n- Blesma: The Limbless Veterans\n\n- National Gulf Veterans and Families Association\n\n- UK Armed Forces Charities\n\nTake your appeal papers and the documents you\u2019re using as evidence to the hearing. You should give copies of any evidence to the tribunal and Veterans UK before the tribunal hearing.\n\n## Tribunal panel\n\nThe tribunal is made up of:\n\n- a judge\n\n- a medical member\n\n- a service member\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nThe judge, tribunal members, Veterans UK and your representative (if you have one) will ask you questions about your case.\n\nThe tribunal will then question any witnesses you\u2019ve brought to the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision from the tribunal on the day of the hearing.\n\n## Expenses\n\nYou might be able to claim expenses or compensation for:\n\n- travel (only in the UK)\n\n- living expenses for the time you\u2019re away from home\n\n- loss of earnings\n\n## More information\n\nYou can find out more about expenses or contact the tribunal for more information.\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYou can ask the tribunal for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you lose your appeal.\n\nYou must ask for permission to appeal within 6 weeks of getting the decision.\n\nThe Upper Tribunal will look at the case to see if the original decision was correct.\n\n## Reasons for appealing\n\nYou can only appeal if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, including if the tribunal did not:\n\n- follow the right procedures - for example it did not tell you in time about the hearing\n\n- give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts\n\n- apply the law properly\n\nBefore appealing, ask the original tribunal for the written statement of reasons for its decision.\n\n## Contact the Upper Tribunal\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal will make decisions based on:\n\n- the Pensions Appeal Tribunals Act 1943\n\n- The Naval, Military and Air Forces Etc. (Disablement and Death) Service Pensions Order 2006\n\n- the Armed Forces and Reserve Forces (Compensation Scheme) Order 2011\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process set out in the:\n\n- the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber) Rules 2008\n\n- the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-pension-armed-forces-compensation-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Last month I was declined my War Pension application. I was informed via a letter regarding the decision. Since the letter included little to no factual backing of their decision I decided to appeal to the tribunal but once again I reached a dead end. I do not know why my application was declined and don't seem to be able to reach anyone who can give me that information.", + "original_question": "Can I ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2036", + "question": "Scenario: I moved to the UK three years ago on an innovator visa. The limited company that I started with \u00a3100,000 of investment has grown to \u00a3500,000 per year. I am looking to apply for indefinite leave to remain, and I am considering the endorsements required.\n\nQuestion: Will this satisfy the endorsement requirments?\n\nDocument - Indefinite leave to remain if you have an Innovator visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be eligible for indefinite leave to remain if you have an Innovator visa.\n\nYou cannot apply until March 2022 at the earliest - 3 years after this way to settle was introduced.\n\nIndefinite leave to remain is how you settle in the UK. It gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible. You can use it to apply for British citizenship.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have:\n\n- lived in the UK for 3 years using an Innovator visa - you cannot include time spent in the UK using any other visa\n\n- a new endorsement that shows you\u2019ve met the requirements for growing your business\n\n## Knowledge of life in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re 18 to 64 you must pass the Life in the UK Test.\n\n## Time outside the UK\n\nYou must have spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months.\n\nIf you think you\u2019re affected by this rule, find out how to calculate your time in the UK (\u2018continuous residence\u2019).\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to apply 28 days before you\u2019re eligible. Your application may be refused if you apply earlier.\n\nDo not wait until your current visa expires. If your visa expires before you can apply for indefinite leave to remain, you\u2019ll need to renew it first.\n\n## Fees and how long it takes\n\nIt costs \u00a32,389 for each person applying. You can include your partner and children on the same application form, if they\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou also need to pay \u00a319.20 per person to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Getting endorsed\n\nBefore you can apply, you must show an approved body that you\u2019ve grown your business.\n\nIf you meet the criteria, the body will give you an endorsement letter to show that you\u2019re eligible for indefinite leave to remain.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your letter, you must apply for indefinite leave to remain within 3 months.\n\nYou do not need to use the same body that endorsed you for your Innovator visa.\n\n## Endorsement requirements\n\nYou must be actively managing and developing the business.\n\nYour business must be:\n\n- registered with Companies House, and you\u2019re either the director or a member\n\n- currently trading, and be able to continue for at least the next 12 months\n\nYour business must have done 2 of the following:\n\n- had \u00a350,000 of investment, which you\u2019ve spent on developing the business\n\n- doubled the number of customers in the last 3 years - and this number is higher than the average for similar businesses\n\n- applied for intellectual property protection in the UK\n\n- made \u00a31 million revenue in the last full year covered by accounts\n\n- made \u00a3500,000 revenue in the last full year covered by accounts, with \u00a3100,000 of this from exporting overseas\n\n- created the equivalent of 10 full-time jobs that have existed for 12 months\n\n- created the equivalent of 5 full-time jobs that have existed for 12 months, with an average salary of \u00a325,000 a year\n\nYou may have already met some of these criteria when you applied for your visa.\n\n## If you\u2019ve created jobs\n\nThe jobs you\u2019ve created must be for \u2018settled workers\u2019. A settled worker is someone who was one of the following when they started working for you:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- an EEA citizen who was living in the UK and working for you by 31 December 2020\n\n- a Commonwealth citizen with a UK Ancestry visa\n\n- someone with indefinite leave to remain or settled status\n\n## Family members\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application if they\u2019re eligible.\n\nYour partner and children can apply separately at a later date, for example if they\u2019re not eligible yet. They can continue to extend their visa as your dependant, even after you get indefinite leave to remain.\n\n## Eligibility for partners\n\nYour partner may qualify if all of the following apply:\n\n- they have permission to be in the UK as your partner (as a \u2018dependant\u2019 on your Innovator visa)\n\n- they\u2019ve lived in the UK with you as your dependant for at least 5 continuous years\n\n- your relationship is genuine\n\n- you intend to keep living together\n\n- you have enough income to support yourselves and your dependants\n\n- you\u2019re not using public funds (benefits)\n\nYour partner can include time they\u2019ve spent as your dependant on another visa to count towards the continuous years they need to qualify. They cannot count any time spent on their own visa (not as your dependant).\n\nYour partner must also:\n\n- pass the Life in the UK Test\n\n- meet the English language requirements\n\n## Eligibility for children\n\nYou can include children as dependants on your application if:\n\n- they have permission to be in the UK as your child (as a \u2018dependant\u2019 on your visa)\n\n- they are not married, in a civil partnership or living an independent life\n\n- they will live with you and be supported by you without relying on public funds (benefits)\n\n- you and your child\u2019s other parent are both currently applying to settle, or are already settled\n\nYour child can also apply to settle in one of the following situations:\n\n- you\u2019re the child\u2019s sole surviving parent\n\n- you have sole responsibility for your child, or they normally live with you\n\n- there are serious or compelling reasons why they should be allowed to stay, for example you or your child has a serious illness\n\n## Extra documents for children over 16\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prove:\n\n- where they live - if they do not live with you, you\u2019ll need to explain why\n\n- any rent or upkeep they pay you each month\n\n- that you support them financially if they do not live with you\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide 2 documents from this list to prove where they live:\n\n- bank statement\n\n- credit card bill\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- a letter from their current school, college or university, on headed paper and issued by an authorised official of that organisation\n\nThe documents you provide cannot be more than a month old on the date you make your application.\n\nIf your child lives away from home, you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- bank statements for you and your child covering the 3 months before the date you apply (to prove you\u2019ve supported them)\n\n- confirmation from their university or college on headed paper and issued by an authorised official (if they\u2019re studying)\n\n## Children 18 and over\n\nYou can only include older children in your application if they both:\n\n- were under 18 when they got permission to be in the UK as your dependant\n\n- still do not live an independent life - for example, they have not got married or had children\n\nThey also need to:\n\n- pass the Life in the UK Test\n\n- meet the English language requirements\n\nIf your child is over 18 by the time you apply and does not meet these requirements, they must apply separately.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou cannot apply for indefinite leave to remain using an Innovator visa until March 2022 at the earliest.\n\n## Other ways to stay in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible to apply using an Innovator visa, you may be able to stay in the UK another way. Check if you can:\n\n- extend your permission to stay in the UK\n\n- use a different way to apply for indefinite leave to remain", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/indefinite-leave-to-remain-innovator-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I moved to the UK three years ago on an innovator visa. The limited company that I started with \u00a3100,000 of investment has grown to \u00a3500,000 per year. I am looking to apply for indefinite leave to remain, and I am considering the endorsements required.", + "original_question": "Will this satisfy the endorsement requirments?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2039", + "question": "Scenario: I am 22 years old. I am travelling to the UK for the fifth time in 24 months for a visit. I have been approved for a UK visa. I hold an Argentinian passport.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible for the Registered Traveller membership?\n\nDocument - Registered Traveller: faster entry through the UK border:\n## Overview\n\nThe Registered Traveller service can help you get through the UK border faster.\n\nRegistered Travellers can use UK channels at some airports and train stations. You can use:\n\n- UK passport entry lanes\n\n- ePassport gates - if your passport has a \u2018chip\u2019\n\nYou\u2019ll need to carry your visa or biometric residence permit, if you have one.\n\nYou can no longer use the Registered Traveller service if you\u2019re from Australia, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, South Korea or the United States. You may be able to use the ePassport gates instead.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo apply for Registered Traveller membership, you must be 18 or older and have an eligible passport.\n\nYou must also either:\n\n- have a UK visa or entry clearance\n\n- have visited the UK at least 4 times in the last 24 months\n\nIt counts as visiting when you enter the UK from another country. It does not count if you\u2019re just passing through the UK on your way to another country.\n\n## Eligible passports\n\n## Africa\n\nBotswana, Namibia, Seychelles.\n\n## Asia\n\nBrunei, Hong Kong (Special Administrative Region passports only), Macao Special Administrative Region, Malaysia, Maldives, Taiwan (if your passport has a personal ID number on the photo page).\n\n## Europe\n\nAndorra, Monaco, Vatican City State.\n\n## Middle East\n\nIsrael.\n\n## North America\n\nBahamas, Mexico, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines.\n\n## Oceania\n\nNauru, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Tonga.\n\n## South and Central America\n\nArgentina, Belize, Brazil, Chile, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay.\n\n## Where you can use Registered Traveller\n\nYou can use the service at the following airports:\n\n- Birmingham\n\n- Bristol\n\n- Cardiff\n\n- East Midlands\n\n- Edinburgh\n\n- Gatwick\n\n- Glasgow\n\n- Heathrow\n\n- London City\n\n- Luton\n\n- Manchester\n\n- Southend\n\n- Stansted\n\nYou can use the service at the following Eurostar terminals:\n\n- Brussels\n\n- Lille\n\n- Paris\n\n## How to apply\n\nBefore you apply, check you\u2019re eligible.\n\n- Apply online for Registered Traveller membership. You\u2019ll need your passport number and expiry date. It costs \u00a370 and and lasts 12 months.\n\n- You\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 10 working days. You\u2019ll get \u00a350 back if your application is unsuccessful.\n\n- If your application is accepted, the next time you travel to the UK you must go through the \u2018other passports\u2019 lane.\n\n- The immigration officer will check that you meet the criteria and tell you if you can become a member. Your 12 month membership will start on the day you submitted your application.\n\n## Renew or update your membership\n\nIt costs \u00a350 to renew your Registered Traveller membership for another year.\n\nIt costs \u00a320 to update your passport details if you get a new passport. You must do this before you travel to the UK.\n\nYou must also update your details if your visa or immigration status changes. There\u2019s no fee to do this.\n\nYou can also renew or update your child\u2019s membership.\n\n## Add children to your membership\n\nYou can apply to add your children to your Registered Traveller membership if you have 29 days or more left on it.\n\nOnce your child is added to your membership, you can both use the UK passport lanes together.\n\nYou will not be able to use the ePassport gates.\n\nYour child\u2019s membership will expire at the same time as yours. You\u2019ll need to renew or update your and your child\u2019s memberships separately.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve added the child to your membership, they can also travel with their other parent as long as they\u2019re also a member. Before they travel together, you\u2019ll need to email the Home Office with full names and Registered Traveller numbers for:\n\n- you\n\n- your child\n\n- your child\u2019s other parent\n\nHome Office Registered Traveller service\nrtinbox@homeoffice.gov.uk\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour child must:\n\n- be 17 or under\n\n- have an eligible passport\n\n- have a visa or entry clearance, if they\u2019re not applying as a visitor\n\n## Fee\n\nYou must pay a \u00a320 administration fee to apply for each child, plus a membership fee. This is worked out as \u00a32 a month until your membership expires.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much you need to pay when you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the membership fee back if your application is unsuccessful. You will not get the \u00a320 administration fee back.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply and pay for each child separately.\n\nYou\u2019ll need your:\n\n\u2022 Registered Traveller number\n\u2022 child\u2019s passport number and expiry date\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision on your application within 10 working days.\n\n## Renew or update your child\u2019s membership\n\nYou\u2019ll need to sign in with your child\u2019s Registered Traveller number and date of birth to renew or update their membership.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a membership fee to renew your child\u2019s membership, which is worked out as \u00a32 a month until your membership expires.\n\nIt costs \u00a320 to update your child\u2019s passport details if they get a new passport. You must do this before your child travels to the UK.\n\nYou must also update your child\u2019s details if their visa or immigration status changes. There\u2019s no fee to do this.\n\n## When you travel to the UK\n\nIf your application is successful, the first time you and your child travel to the UK you must both go through the \u2018other passports\u2019 lane together.\n\nYou might need to prove the relationship between you and any children travelling with you, for example if you have different surnames.\n\nYou can do this with:\n\n\u2022 a birth or adoption certificate showing your relationship to the child\n\u2022 a divorce or marriage certificate if you\u2019re the parent but have a different surname to the child\n\nThe immigration officer will then confirm your child has been added to your membership. You\u2019ll get a confirmation email within 48 hours.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/registered-traveller", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 22 years old. I am travelling to the UK for the fifth time in 24 months for a visit. I have been approved for a UK visa. I hold an Argentinian passport.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible for the Registered Traveller membership?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2042", + "question": "Scenario: I am a self-employed painter and decorator, one of three members of an LLP along with my brother and nephew. I am also an army reservist, and two years ago was called up for a six month tour of duty overseas. This imposed considerable costs on my business, requiring the training of an apprentice which I unsuccessfully claimed for financial assistance with.\n\nQuestion: Can I appeal further if they decide against my appeal?\n\nDocument - Appeal a decision against financial assistance for a reservist:\n## Appeal to the tribunal\n\nYou can appeal to the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals (RFAT) if your claim for financial assistance has been turned down.\n\nThe tribunal must receive your appeal within 5 days of you getting the decision letter or your application will be rejected.\n\nIf you\u2019re going to miss the deadline and have a valid reason for doing so, then say why in your notice of appeal. Extensions are only granted in exceptional circumstances.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nContact RFAT or your legal representative if you have any questions about appealing. RFAT cannot give you legal advice.\n\nYou can find legal advice, including from a lawyer.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nWrite a letter called a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019 to the Secretary of Tribunals.\n\nYou must include:\n\n- your name, address and telephone number\n\n- a statement that it\u2019s a \u2018notice of appeal\u2019\n\n- the grounds for appealing the decision\n\n- what you want the tribunal to decide (known as the \u2018determination\u2019)\n\n- whether you want to attend the hearing\n\n- whether you\u2019ll be legally represented\n\n- the names and addresses of any witnesses\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include:\n\n- a copy of the decision you\u2019re appealing\n\n- all documents that were part of your original application\n\n- any relevant documents that were not part of your original application and the reasons why they were not included\n\n## Send your letter\n\nYou can email, fax, post or deliver your notice of appeal in person to:\n\n## After you send your appeal\n\nYou\u2019ll be told straight away when your appeal has been received.\n\nYou\u2019ll also be given:\n\n- a case name\n\n- a case number\n\n- an address for sending any further letters and documents to the tribunal\n\n- a hearing date\n\nYou\u2019ll normally find out within a week of sending your notice of appeal:\n\n- whether the tribunal will consider your case\n\n- whether the Armed Forces opposes the appeal and why\n\n- if the tribunal needs more information\n\nYou\u2019ll get another letter a few days before the hearing telling you what documents to bring with you, or send by post in advance.\n\n## Witnesses\n\nThe tribunal may suggest witnesses. You must contact them and make sure they appear at the hearing.\n\nThe tribunal can force witnesses to appear at the hearing if you\u2019re unable to do it yourself - the tribunal will tell you how.\n\n## What happens at a tribunal hearing\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou (or your legal representative) will present your case to the tribunal. An \u2018adjudication officer\u2019 will represent the Armed Forces.\n\nBoth sides can to give evidence, call witnesses, question witnesses and make statements to the tribunal.\n\nIf neither side wants to attend a hearing, a decision will be made without a hearing. This is called a \u2018paper hearing\u2019.\n\nYou and any witnesses who attend a hearing may be able to claim for expenses you have, for example accommodation or travel.\n\nHearings are usually held in public.\n\n## The tribunal\u2019s decision\n\nYou may get a decision at the end of the hearing. You\u2019ll also get a written copy sent to you.\n\nIf a decision\u2019s not made at the hearing, you\u2019ll get a letter telling you the decision within 1 month. This is known as a \u2018reserved\u2019 decision.\n\n## If you're unhappy with the tribunal's decision\n\nYou cannot appeal if you lose the case.\n\nIn exceptional circumstances, you may be able to ask for the tribunal to review its decision, for example if:\n\n- new evidence becomes available\n\n- the Secretary of Tribunals made a mistake in the proceedings\n\n- someone had the right to attend the hearing but could not, and had a valid reason for doing so\n\n- something else has gone wrong that\u2019s made the process or decision unfair (known as a review \u2018in the interests of justice\u2019)\n\nYou can get legal advice, including from a lawyer if you need help.\n\nWrite to the Secretary of Tribunals within 5 days of getting the decision.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe tribunal can:\n\n- \u2018set aside\u2019 the decision - this means you\u2019ll have another hearing\n\n- change the decision\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process in:\n\n- the Reserve Forces Appeal Tribunals Rules 1997\n\n- Part IX of the Reserve Forces Act 1996\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on the Reserve Forces (Call-out and Recall) (Financial Assistance) Regulations 2005.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/financial-assistance-mobilised-service", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a self-employed painter and decorator, one of three members of an LLP along with my brother and nephew. I am also an army reservist, and two years ago was called up for a six month tour of duty overseas. This imposed considerable costs on my business, requiring the training of an apprentice which I unsuccessfully claimed for financial assistance with.", + "original_question": "Can I appeal further if they decide against my appeal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2043", + "question": "Scenario: Hello chief! I retired in 2015 after a lifetime on the railways. Part of my service might have been contracted out.\n\nQuestion: Does being contracted out affect the additional state pension?\n\nDocument - Additional State Pension:\n## Overview\n\nThe Additional State Pension is an extra amount of money you could get on top of your basic State Pension if you\u2019re:\n\n- a man born before 6 April 1951\n\n- a woman born before 6 April 1953\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou get the new State Pension if you were born on or after this date. You will not qualify for the Additional State Pension, but you might still be able to inherit Additional State Pension from your partner.\n\nYou get the Additional State Pension automatically if you\u2019re eligible for it, unless you\u2019ve contracted out of it.\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere is no fixed amount for the Additional State Pension.\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- how many years you paid National Insurance for\n\n- your earnings\n\n- whether you\u2019ve contracted out of the scheme\n\n- whether you topped up your basic State Pension (this was only possible between 12 October 2015 and 5 April 2017)\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## You reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou will not get the Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. You\u2019ll get the new State Pension.\n\n## You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\nIf you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and started claiming the basic State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get any Additional State Pension you\u2019re eligible for. There is no need to make a separate claim.\n\nYou may not get any Additional State Pension for periods when you were contracted out of it.\n\n## When you have contributed to the Additional State Pension\n\nThe Additional State Pension is made up of 3 schemes. You might have contributed to more than one, depending on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been working\n\n- whether you chose to top up your State Pension\n\n| Time | Scheme | You contributed if |\n\n| 2002 to 2016 | State Second Pension | You were employed or claiming certain benefits |\n\n| 1978 to 2002 | State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme (SERPS) | You were employed |\n\n| 12 October 2015 to 5 April 2017 | State Pension top up | You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and opted in |\n\n## The State Second Pension since 2002\n\nYou contributed through your National Insurance contributions if at any time between 6 April 2002 and 5 April 2016 you were:\n\n- employed and earning at least the lower earnings limit - this was \u00a35,824 in the 2015 to 2016 tax year\n\n- looking after children under 12 and claiming Child Benefit\n\n- caring for a sick or disabled person more than 20 hours a week and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- working as a registered foster carer and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- receiving certain other benefits due to illness or disability\n\n## Contracting out\n\nYou could only contract out of the Additional State Pension if your employer ran a contracted-out pension scheme. Check with them.\n\nWhile you were a member of a contracted-out workplace pension you did not contribute to the Additional State Pension. In some cases, you could get the Second State Pension even if you did not contribute, for example if your earnings were low.\n\nYou cannot contract out after 6 April 2016. If you were contracted out, your National Insurance contributions increased to your standard rate after this date.\n\nThe extra pension you get from a contracted-out pension scheme is usually the same as, or more than, the Additional State Pension you would have got if you did not contract out.\n\n## Check if you were contracted out\n\nYou can find out if you were contracted out by:\n\n- checking an old payslip\n\n- calling your pension provider\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service might be able to find your pension providers\u2019 contact details if you\u2019ve lost contact with them.\n\n## National Insurance while contracting out\n\nYou paid lower National Insurance contributions while you were contracted out if:\n\n- you earned between \u00a3155 and \u00a3770 a week\n\n- you were under State Pension age\n\n- you did not pay reduced rate National Insurance\n\n## What happens when you retire\n\nYou\u2019ll get a pension from your employer\u2019s workplace pension scheme.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou do not have to do anything to claim the Additional State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for an Additional State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get it when you claim your State Pension.\n\nAfter you claim, the Pension Service will write to you and tell you how much you\u2019re getting.\n\n## Inheriting Additional State Pension\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner dies, you may be able to inherit part of their Additional State Pension. Contact the Pension Service to check what you can claim and how.\n\n## Maximum State Second Pension you can inherit\n\nYou can inherit up to 50% of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s State Second Pension.\n\n## Maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit\n\nThe maximum you can inherit depends on when your spouse or civil partner died.\n\nIf they died before 6 October 2002, you can inherit up to 100% of their SERPS pension.\n\nIf they died on or after 6 October 2002, the maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit depends on their date of birth.\n\n| Man\u2019s date of birth | Woman\u2019s date of birth | Maximum % of SERPS and State Pension top up you can inherit |\n\n| 5 October 1937 or before | 5 October 1942 or before | 100% |\n\n| 6 October 1937 to 5 October 1939 | 6 October 1942 to 5 October 1944 | 90% |\n\n| 6 October 1939 to 5 October 1941 | 6 October 1944 to 5 October 1946 | 80% |\n\n| 6 October 1941 to 5 October 1943 | 6 October 1946 to 5 October 1948 | 70% |\n\n| 6 October 1943 to 5 October 1945 | 6 October 1948 to 5 July 1950 | 60% |\n\n| 6 October 1945 and after | 6 July 1950 and after | 50% |\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner died within 90 days of topping up their State Pension, the top up should have been refunded to their estate (their total property, money and possessions), minus any payments they received before they died. This means you will not inherit the top up as part of their Additional State Pension.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nAny Additional State Pension you inherit will be paid on top of your State Pension when you reach State Pension age.\n\n## If you get your own Additional State Pension\n\nThe maximum amount of Additional State Pension you can get is \u00a3180.31 per week.\u00a0The limit does not include State Pension top up.\n\n## If you get Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou may inherit Additional State Pension before you reach State Pension age. You\u2019ll stop receiving it if your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance ends.\n\nYou may receive it again when you reach State Pension age if you were over 45 when you were entitled to Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance or Bereavement Allowance ended before you were 55, you\u2019ll receive less Additional State Pension.\n\n## When you cannot inherit Additional State Pension\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if you remarry or form another civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.\n\nThe date you reach State Pension age also affects whether you can inherit Additional State Pension.\n\n## If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2010\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if they died before they reached their State Pension age and after you reached yours.\n\nThis does not apply if you\u2019re a woman who was married to:\n\n- a man\n\n- a woman who legally changed their gender from male to female during your marriage\n\n## If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if either:\n\n- your spouse or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2016 and reached (or would have reached) State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\n- you started your marriage or civil partnership on or after 6 April 2016\n\n## If you get divorced\n\nIf you get divorced or your civil partnership is dissolved the court can decide that your Additional State Pension should be shared as part of the financial settlement.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to fill in form BR20 to give details of your Additional State Pension.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Hello chief! I retired in 2015 after a lifetime on the railways. Part of my service might have been contracted out.", + "original_question": "Does being contracted out affect the additional state pension?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2045", + "question": "Scenario: I am employer. Some of my employees have decided to go on strike about working hours. They have setup a picket that is blocking me, and some of my other employees, from entering the office.\n\nQuestion: Are they allowed to block me from entering my work premises?\n\nDocument - Taking part in industrial action and strikes:\n## Overview\n\nIndustrial action is when workers:\n\n- go on strike\n\n- take other action, like refusing to do overtime (known as \u2018action short of a strike\u2019)\n\nSometimes an employer may stop their workers from working or coming back to work during a dispute. This is called a \u2018lock-out\u2019.\n\n## Calling industrial action\n\nIndustrial action happens when trade union members are in a dispute with their employers that can\u2019t be solved through negotiations.\n\nA trade union can only call for industrial action if a majority of its members involved support it in a properly organised postal vote - called a \u2018ballot\u2019.\n\nBefore organising a ballot, a union must decide which members affected by a dispute it wants to ask to take industrial action. It must tell all members entitled to vote and the employer what the ballot results were.\n\nA trade union calls industrial action by telling members and the employer when and how this action will be taken. This should be done by a trade union official or committee that has the legal right to do so. Your voting paper must have said who this is.\n\n## Taking part in industrial action - your rights\n\nIf you\u2019re a trade union member, you have the right to vote before your union asks you to take industrial action. You don\u2019t have to take part in industrial action and can\u2019t be disciplined by your union if you don\u2019t.\n\nIf you do get excluded or expelled from your union, you can complain to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Secondary action\n\nIt\u2019s against the law to take part in \u2018secondary action\u2019 (going on strike in sympathy with people who work for a different employer).\n\n## Holding a ballot\n\nYour union must have a vote (a \u2018ballot\u2019) that\u2019s properly organised according to legal rules.\n\n## Properly organised ballots\n\nA ballot for industrial action must:\n\n- be supervised by a qualified independent person (a \u2018scrutineer\u2019 - often someone from an organisation like the Electoral Reform Society) appointed by the union if over 50 members are being balloted\n\n- be held before the union asks members to take or continue taking action\n\n- be open to all members the union wants to take action\n\n- be a postal ballot where members vote by marking a box on a voting paper and return it in a prepaid envelope\n\n- include information on what the ballot is about and where to post your vote\n\nThe union must tell everyone entitled to vote how many people voted, the number of yes votes, no votes or spoiled papers as soon as it can after the ballot.\n\nIt must also give the employer one week\u2019s notice of the start of the ballot and tell them the result as soon as\u00a0possible once it\u2019s available.\n\nThere\u2019s practical guidance on these rules in the code of practice on industrial action ballots.\n\n## Questions on the voting paper\n\nWhen you\u2019re balloted, your voting paper must ask whether you want to take part in either (or both):\n\n- strike action\n\n- action short of a strike\n\nThe union can only call on members to take action if a majority of members who voted were in favour of that particular action. If both questions are asked on the ballot paper and members vote yes to both, the union can decide what industrial action to take.\n\n## Complaining about ballots\n\nYou can apply for a court order if your union breaks the rules on industrial action ballots. You can take legal advice before doing this.\n\nThe court may order the union not to organise action if it decides a ballot wasn\u2019t held according to the rules.\n\nYou can apply for a temporary injunction that tells the union not to call industrial action if your case can\u2019t be heard in court straight away.\n\nIf the union doesn\u2019t do what the court says, you can ask them to \u2018declare the union to be in contempt of court\u2019 and the union can be fined.\n\n## Your employment rights during industrial action\n\nYou have the right to take industrial action and you can\u2019t be legally forced to stay at, or go back to, work (unless a ballot wasn\u2019t organised properly).\n\nIf you take industrial action, you\u2019ll probably have broken (be \u2018in breach of\u2019) your employment contract and your employer:\n\n- is unlikely to pay for the work you didn\u2019t do when you took industrial action\n\n- can sue you for breaking your contract (this doesn\u2019t happen often)\n\nTaking industrial action doesn\u2019t usually mean that your employer will say you\u2019ve broken your period of continuous employment with them. This begins when you start working for your employer and ends on the day your employer uses to calculate your length of service.\n\nHowever, if you take industrial action, your employer will reduce your length of service with them by the number of days you were on strike. This is important when working out your pension and things like statutory redundancy pay.\n\n## Dismissal for industrial action\n\nYou can\u2019t be dismissed for industrial action if:\n\n- it\u2019s called as a result of a properly organised ballot\n\n- it\u2019s about a trade dispute between workers and their employer (eg about your terms and conditions)\n\n- a detailed notice about the industrial action (which is legally required) has been given to the employer at least 7 days before it begins\n\nYou can claim unfair dismissal at an employment tribunal if you\u2019re dismissed for taking industrial action at any time within the 12 weeks after the action began.\n\nAfter 12 weeks, you can be dismissed if you take industrial action and your employer has tried to settle the dispute. For example, your employer may bring in advisers from Acas to help find a solution.\n\n## When you may be dismissed\n\nYou could be dismissed for taking part in industrial action if:\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t held a properly organised ballot\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t given the employer the correct notice for balloting members or taking action\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t called its members to take action because they think the dispute is settled or action is called by someone who doesn\u2019t have the authority to do so\n\n- it\u2019s in support of workers taking action against another employer (otherwise known as \u2018sympathy\u2019 or \u2018secondary\u2019 action)\n\n- it\u2019s in support of only employing union members (otherwise known as a \u2018closed shop\u2019)\n\n- it breaks any other parts of industrial action law\n\nIf you take part in industrial action that breaks the regulations and you\u2019re dismissed, you can\u2019t usually claim unfair dismissal if all employees taking part are dismissed as well.\n\nThere\u2019s more detail on legal rights and protections in the guidance on industrial action and the law.\n\n## Industrial action by non-union members\n\nNon-union members who take part in legal, official industrial action have the same rights as union members not to be dismissed as a result of taking action.\n\n## Going on strike and picketing\n\nA picket line is where workers and union reps (\u2018picketers\u2019 or \u2018pickets\u2019) stand outside a workplace to tell other people why they are striking. Pickets may also ask people not to:\n\n- do some of their usual work\n\n- go into work\n\nPickets must not prevent people from going to work or doing their usual work if they want to do so.\n\nThe picketing code of practice explains the rules around lawful picketing.\n\n## Picketing and the law\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence for pickets to:\n\n- use threatening or abusive behaviour to people walking past or crossing the picket line\n\n- block people or vehicles trying to get into the workplace which is on strike (called \u2018causing an obstruction\u2019 by police)\n\n- carry weapons\n\n- damage property\n\n- cause or threaten to cause a \u2018breach of the peace\u2019\n\n- try to block roads near the picket line (called \u2018causing an obstruction to the public highway\u2019)\n\n- try to stop the police who are outside the workplace from doing their job\n\nYou can have legal action taken against you if you break the law or encourage others to do so when you\u2019re picketing. This includes:\n\n- trespassing (trying to enter a building without permission)\n\n- making a noise nuisance\n\n- using threatening language or offensive material, libel or slander in leaflets, banners, placards, chants or speeches\n\nIf you break a court order banning you or your trade union from holding a picket, you could be open to further legal action (otherwise known as \u2018contempt of court\u2019).\n\n## Mass picketing\n\nPolice have special powers to stop a mass picket if they think there\u2019s a danger of:\n\n- serious public disorder (like a riot)\n\n- serious damage to property\n\nThe Code of Practice on picketing says usually there should be no more than 6 people outside an entrance to a workplace.\n\nIf you don\u2019t stop picketing when told do so by police, you can be arrested.\n\n## Flying pickets\n\nFlying pickets are groups of striking workers that move from one workplace to another to picket them. Usually flying pickets are illegal - you can only join a picket line at your workplace.\n\nTrade union reps can be on picket lines at different workplaces if they\u2019re responsible for organising workers in those workplaces.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-action-strikes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am employer. Some of my employees have decided to go on strike about working hours. They have setup a picket that is blocking me, and some of my other employees, from entering the office.", + "original_question": "Are they allowed to block me from entering my work premises?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2046", + "question": "Scenario: I have joined a strike with my other employees. This strike came as a result of a properly organised ballet. The strike is about low wages being paid by our employer. I have just received notice for my dismissal from my employer.\n\nQuestion: Can my employer dismiss me for this strike action?\n\nDocument - Taking part in industrial action and strikes:\n## Overview\n\nIndustrial action is when workers:\n\n- go on strike\n\n- take other action, like refusing to do overtime (known as \u2018action short of a strike\u2019)\n\nSometimes an employer may stop their workers from working or coming back to work during a dispute. This is called a \u2018lock-out\u2019.\n\n## Calling industrial action\n\nIndustrial action happens when trade union members are in a dispute with their employers that can\u2019t be solved through negotiations.\n\nA trade union can only call for industrial action if a majority of its members involved support it in a properly organised postal vote - called a \u2018ballot\u2019.\n\nBefore organising a ballot, a union must decide which members affected by a dispute it wants to ask to take industrial action. It must tell all members entitled to vote and the employer what the ballot results were.\n\nA trade union calls industrial action by telling members and the employer when and how this action will be taken. This should be done by a trade union official or committee that has the legal right to do so. Your voting paper must have said who this is.\n\n## Taking part in industrial action - your rights\n\nIf you\u2019re a trade union member, you have the right to vote before your union asks you to take industrial action. You don\u2019t have to take part in industrial action and can\u2019t be disciplined by your union if you don\u2019t.\n\nIf you do get excluded or expelled from your union, you can complain to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Secondary action\n\nIt\u2019s against the law to take part in \u2018secondary action\u2019 (going on strike in sympathy with people who work for a different employer).\n\n## Holding a ballot\n\nYour union must have a vote (a \u2018ballot\u2019) that\u2019s properly organised according to legal rules.\n\n## Properly organised ballots\n\nA ballot for industrial action must:\n\n- be supervised by a qualified independent person (a \u2018scrutineer\u2019 - often someone from an organisation like the Electoral Reform Society) appointed by the union if over 50 members are being balloted\n\n- be held before the union asks members to take or continue taking action\n\n- be open to all members the union wants to take action\n\n- be a postal ballot where members vote by marking a box on a voting paper and return it in a prepaid envelope\n\n- include information on what the ballot is about and where to post your vote\n\nThe union must tell everyone entitled to vote how many people voted, the number of yes votes, no votes or spoiled papers as soon as it can after the ballot.\n\nIt must also give the employer one week\u2019s notice of the start of the ballot and tell them the result as soon as\u00a0possible once it\u2019s available.\n\nThere\u2019s practical guidance on these rules in the code of practice on industrial action ballots.\n\n## Questions on the voting paper\n\nWhen you\u2019re balloted, your voting paper must ask whether you want to take part in either (or both):\n\n- strike action\n\n- action short of a strike\n\nThe union can only call on members to take action if a majority of members who voted were in favour of that particular action. If both questions are asked on the ballot paper and members vote yes to both, the union can decide what industrial action to take.\n\n## Complaining about ballots\n\nYou can apply for a court order if your union breaks the rules on industrial action ballots. You can take legal advice before doing this.\n\nThe court may order the union not to organise action if it decides a ballot wasn\u2019t held according to the rules.\n\nYou can apply for a temporary injunction that tells the union not to call industrial action if your case can\u2019t be heard in court straight away.\n\nIf the union doesn\u2019t do what the court says, you can ask them to \u2018declare the union to be in contempt of court\u2019 and the union can be fined.\n\n## Your employment rights during industrial action\n\nYou have the right to take industrial action and you can\u2019t be legally forced to stay at, or go back to, work (unless a ballot wasn\u2019t organised properly).\n\nIf you take industrial action, you\u2019ll probably have broken (be \u2018in breach of\u2019) your employment contract and your employer:\n\n- is unlikely to pay for the work you didn\u2019t do when you took industrial action\n\n- can sue you for breaking your contract (this doesn\u2019t happen often)\n\nTaking industrial action doesn\u2019t usually mean that your employer will say you\u2019ve broken your period of continuous employment with them. This begins when you start working for your employer and ends on the day your employer uses to calculate your length of service.\n\nHowever, if you take industrial action, your employer will reduce your length of service with them by the number of days you were on strike. This is important when working out your pension and things like statutory redundancy pay.\n\n## Dismissal for industrial action\n\nYou can\u2019t be dismissed for industrial action if:\n\n- it\u2019s called as a result of a properly organised ballot\n\n- it\u2019s about a trade dispute between workers and their employer (eg about your terms and conditions)\n\n- a detailed notice about the industrial action (which is legally required) has been given to the employer at least 7 days before it begins\n\nYou can claim unfair dismissal at an employment tribunal if you\u2019re dismissed for taking industrial action at any time within the 12 weeks after the action began.\n\nAfter 12 weeks, you can be dismissed if you take industrial action and your employer has tried to settle the dispute. For example, your employer may bring in advisers from Acas to help find a solution.\n\n## When you may be dismissed\n\nYou could be dismissed for taking part in industrial action if:\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t held a properly organised ballot\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t given the employer the correct notice for balloting members or taking action\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t called its members to take action because they think the dispute is settled or action is called by someone who doesn\u2019t have the authority to do so\n\n- it\u2019s in support of workers taking action against another employer (otherwise known as \u2018sympathy\u2019 or \u2018secondary\u2019 action)\n\n- it\u2019s in support of only employing union members (otherwise known as a \u2018closed shop\u2019)\n\n- it breaks any other parts of industrial action law\n\nIf you take part in industrial action that breaks the regulations and you\u2019re dismissed, you can\u2019t usually claim unfair dismissal if all employees taking part are dismissed as well.\n\nThere\u2019s more detail on legal rights and protections in the guidance on industrial action and the law.\n\n## Industrial action by non-union members\n\nNon-union members who take part in legal, official industrial action have the same rights as union members not to be dismissed as a result of taking action.\n\n## Going on strike and picketing\n\nA picket line is where workers and union reps (\u2018picketers\u2019 or \u2018pickets\u2019) stand outside a workplace to tell other people why they are striking. Pickets may also ask people not to:\n\n- do some of their usual work\n\n- go into work\n\nPickets must not prevent people from going to work or doing their usual work if they want to do so.\n\nThe picketing code of practice explains the rules around lawful picketing.\n\n## Picketing and the law\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence for pickets to:\n\n- use threatening or abusive behaviour to people walking past or crossing the picket line\n\n- block people or vehicles trying to get into the workplace which is on strike (called \u2018causing an obstruction\u2019 by police)\n\n- carry weapons\n\n- damage property\n\n- cause or threaten to cause a \u2018breach of the peace\u2019\n\n- try to block roads near the picket line (called \u2018causing an obstruction to the public highway\u2019)\n\n- try to stop the police who are outside the workplace from doing their job\n\nYou can have legal action taken against you if you break the law or encourage others to do so when you\u2019re picketing. This includes:\n\n- trespassing (trying to enter a building without permission)\n\n- making a noise nuisance\n\n- using threatening language or offensive material, libel or slander in leaflets, banners, placards, chants or speeches\n\nIf you break a court order banning you or your trade union from holding a picket, you could be open to further legal action (otherwise known as \u2018contempt of court\u2019).\n\n## Mass picketing\n\nPolice have special powers to stop a mass picket if they think there\u2019s a danger of:\n\n- serious public disorder (like a riot)\n\n- serious damage to property\n\nThe Code of Practice on picketing says usually there should be no more than 6 people outside an entrance to a workplace.\n\nIf you don\u2019t stop picketing when told do so by police, you can be arrested.\n\n## Flying pickets\n\nFlying pickets are groups of striking workers that move from one workplace to another to picket them. Usually flying pickets are illegal - you can only join a picket line at your workplace.\n\nTrade union reps can be on picket lines at different workplaces if they\u2019re responsible for organising workers in those workplaces.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-action-strikes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have joined a strike with my other employees. This strike came as a result of a properly organised ballet. The strike is about low wages being paid by our employer. I have just received notice for my dismissal from my employer.", + "original_question": "Can my employer dismiss me for this strike action?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2047", + "question": "Scenario: I was discharged from the army after ten years of service on the grounds of mental health problems. I was awarded a small sum on discharge but was told I am not eligible for a pension.\n\nQuestion: Can I appeal this decision?\n\nDocument - War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber) if you disagree with a decision about your war pension or compensation.\n\nYou must appeal within 1 year of getting your decision letter.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nThere are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Decisions the tribunal can make\n\nThe tribunal will decide whether your injury was caused or made worse by serving in the armed forces.\n\nIf it was, it can then make decisions about:\n\n- your entitlement to a pension or compensation\n\n- how much pension you get\n\n- your entitlement to extra allowances, for example for mobility needs\n\n- pension start dates\n\n- withheld pensions\n\nThe tribunal deals with appeals for the 2 pension schemes currently running, which are:\n\n- the War Pensions Scheme - for injuries caused or made worse by service before 6 April 2005\n\n- the Armed Forces Compensation Scheme - for injuries caused by service from 6 April 2005 onwards\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou may want to get legal help or advice before you appeal.\n\nYou may also be able to get help from organisations including:\n\n- Combat Stress\n\n- Blesma: The Limbless Veterans\n\n- Burma Star Association\n\n- National Gulf Veterans and Families Association (NGVFA)\n\n- Royal Air Forces Association (RAFA)\n\n- Royal British Legion (RBL)\n\n- Soldiers Sailors and Airmen\u2019s Families Association Forces Help (SSAFA)\n\n- UK Armed Forces Charities\n\n## How to appeal\n\nYou should appeal within one year of getting your decision letter.\n\n## Before you appeal\n\nWrite a letter to Veterans UK and ask them to reconsider their decision. Explain why you think the decision is wrong and give any information not included in your original claim.\n\nThey will look at your case again and write to you with their decision.\n\nVeterans UK was previously known as the Service Personnel and Veterans Agency (SPVA).\n\n## If you\u2019re still unhappy\n\nContact the Veterans UK helpline and ask for an appeal form to take your case to the tribunal. Fill it in and send it back to Veterans UK.\n\nCall if you need help filling in the form.\n\n## Late appeals\n\nIn some cases you\u2019ll be allowed to appeal after one year, but you must explain why your appeal is late. You cannot appeal against any decision after 2 years.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nVeterans UK will send the response to your appeal to the tribunal - you\u2019ll get a copy of the response. The response will contain information given in your claim and the evidence used to make the decision under appeal, such as medical reports that you may regard as confidential.\n\nYou can choose to reply in writing (a \u2018written submission\u2019) explaining why you disagree with the facts they used - you must do this within one month of receiving the copy.\n\nThe tribunal will look at your case and ask for more information if they need it.\n\nYou can also send any other evidence to support your case to the tribunal.\n\nThe tribunal will tell you if there\u2019ll be a hearing about your case.\n\nThere are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.\n\n## The tribunal hearing\n\nThere are different tribunals in Scotland and tribunals in Northern Ireland.\n\nHearings are usually held in major cities across England and Wales. You\u2019ll be told where you have to go.\n\nThe tribunal will give you at least 14 days\u2019 notice of the date of any hearing. You should be given a hearing within 4 months of the tribunal receiving a response from Veterans UK.\n\nYou must tell the tribunal if you cannot make it to the hearing - they might arrange another date if you have a good reason.\n\nThe tribunal might hold the hearing without you if do not attend.\n\n## Prepare for the hearing\n\nYou can go to the hearing on your own or ask someone to help represent you. You can also call a witness to support your case.\n\nOrganisations that can help represent you include:\n\n- Royal British Legion\n\n- Royal Air Forces Association\n\n- Combat Stress\n\n- Blesma: The Limbless Veterans\n\n- National Gulf Veterans and Families Association\n\n- UK Armed Forces Charities\n\nTake your appeal papers and the documents you\u2019re using as evidence to the hearing. You should give copies of any evidence to the tribunal and Veterans UK before the tribunal hearing.\n\n## Tribunal panel\n\nThe tribunal is made up of:\n\n- a judge\n\n- a medical member\n\n- a service member\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nThe judge, tribunal members, Veterans UK and your representative (if you have one) will ask you questions about your case.\n\nThe tribunal will then question any witnesses you\u2019ve brought to the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision from the tribunal on the day of the hearing.\n\n## Expenses\n\nYou might be able to claim expenses or compensation for:\n\n- travel (only in the UK)\n\n- living expenses for the time you\u2019re away from home\n\n- loss of earnings\n\n## More information\n\nYou can find out more about expenses or contact the tribunal for more information.\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYou can ask the tribunal for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Administrative Appeals Chamber) if you lose your appeal.\n\nYou must ask for permission to appeal within 6 weeks of getting the decision.\n\nThe Upper Tribunal will look at the case to see if the original decision was correct.\n\n## Reasons for appealing\n\nYou can only appeal if you think the decision was wrong for a legal reason, including if the tribunal did not:\n\n- follow the right procedures - for example it did not tell you in time about the hearing\n\n- give proper reasons for its decision, or back up the decision with facts\n\n- apply the law properly\n\nBefore appealing, ask the original tribunal for the written statement of reasons for its decision.\n\n## Contact the Upper Tribunal\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe tribunal will make decisions based on:\n\n- the Pensions Appeal Tribunals Act 1943\n\n- The Naval, Military and Air Forces Etc. (Disablement and Death) Service Pensions Order 2006\n\n- the Armed Forces and Reserve Forces (Compensation Scheme) Order 2011\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process set out in the:\n\n- the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (War Pensions and Armed Forces Compensation Chamber) Rules 2008\n\n- the Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/war-pension-armed-forces-compensation-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was discharged from the army after ten years of service on the grounds of mental health problems. I was awarded a small sum on discharge but was told I am not eligible for a pension.", + "original_question": "Can I appeal this decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2050", + "question": "Scenario: I am going to be visiting my cousin, who has been put into an immigration removal centre in Brook House, Gatwick. I have been told that I need to bring identity. \n\nQuestion: I don't have my passport or a driving licence. Can I bring my employer's ID to verify my identity?\n\nDocument - Find an immigration removal centre:\n## Overview\n\nYou can visit someone in an immigration removal centre or short term holding facility.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a surgical mask when you arrive at the immigration removal centre that you must wear, unless you are exempt.\n\nYou must also follow social distancing guidelines while you\u2019re at the centre.\n\nCheck with the centre:\n\n- what the visiting hours are\n\n- if you need to book an appointment\n\n- what ID you need\n\n- what items you\u2019re allowed to take with you - you may be searched when you arrive\n\nYou may be able to contact someone in a removal centre by phone, email or video call. Contact the immigration removal centre to check.\n\n## Brook House, Gatwick\n\nVisiting hours are 2pm to 5:30pm and 6pm to 9pm each day. Last admission is at 8.30pm.\n\nYou must book at least one day in advance, between 8am and 9pm.\n\nYou must bring the following:\n\n- passport or travel document\n\n- driving licence (paper and photo sections)\n\nOr you can bring 2 of the following:\n\n- birth or marriage certificate\n\n- rail or bus pass with photo\n\n- employer\u2019s ID or student card with photo\n\n- young person\u2019s proof of age card\n\n- trade union membership card\n\n- older person\u2019s bus pass\n\n- benefits book\n\n- application registration card (ARC)\n\nThere\u2019s a free bus service from Atlantic House to Brook House with a stop at Tinsley House. The pick-up point is in front of Atlantic House, just outside Gatwick South Terminal.\n\nThere\u2019s a free on-site car park. If you use a sat nav, use the street name Perimeter Road South, not the postcode.\n\n## Colnbrook, Middlesex\n\nVisiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day.\n\nYou must bring the following:\n\n- photo ID (passport or driving licence)\n\n- utility bill showing your name and address\n\n## Dungavel House, South Lanarkshire\n\nVisiting hours are 1:30pm to 8:30pm.\n\nYou must bring 1 type of photo ID (passport, driving licence), or 2 of the following:\n\n- birth or marriage certificate\n\n- rail or bus pass with photo\n\n- employer\u2019s ID or student card\n\n- young person\u2019s proof of age card\n\n- trade union membership card\n\n- older person\u2019s bus pass\n\nThere\u2019s a free bus service between Hamilton bus and train station and Dungavel House.\n\n## Harmondsworth, Middlesex\n\nVisiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day.\n\nYou must bring the following:\n\n- photo ID (a passport or driving licence)\n\n- utility bill showing your name and address\n\n## Larne House short term holding facility, Antrim\n\nVisiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day \u2013 you must book in advance.\n\nYou must bring the following:\n\n- photo ID (passport or driving licence)\n\n- utility bill showing your name and address\n\n## Morton Hall, Lincolnshire\n\nVisiting hours are:\n\n- 1:30pm to 4:15pm every day except Thursday\n\n- 1:30pm to 8:15pm on Thursday\n\nYou must book in advance.\n\nYou must bring the following:\n\n- photo ID (passport or driving licence)\n\n- utility bill or bank statement, less than 3 months old, showing your name and address\n\nYou can use a free taxi service available to and from Lincoln and Newark rail stations. You must book at least 24 hours in advance on 01522 666 819.\n\n## Manchester short term holding facility\n\nVisiting hours are 2pm to 9pm each day. You must book in advance.\n\nYou must bring the following:\n\n- photo ID (passport or driving licence)\n\n- utility bill showing your name and address\n\nFollow the signs to World Freight Terminal. Building 302 is on the right hand side of the road.\n\n## Tinsley House, Gatwick\n\nVisiting hours are 2pm to 5.30pm and 6pm to 9pm each day. Last admission is at 8:30pm.\n\nYou must book at least one day in advance, between 8am and 9pm.\n\nEveryone who visits must have ID, including children. You must bring one of the following:\n\n- passport or travel document\n\n- driving licence (paper and photo sections)\n\nOr you can bring 2 of the following:\n\n- birth or marriage certificate\n\n- rail or bus pass with photo\n\n- employer\u2019s ID or student card\n\n- young person\u2019s proof of age card\n\n- trade union membership card\n\n- older person\u2019s bus pass\n\n- benefits book\n\n- application registration card (ARC)\n\nThere\u2019s a free bus service from Atlantic House to Tinsley House with a stop at Brook House. The pick-up point is in front of Atlantic House, just outside Gatwick South Terminal.\n\nThere\u2019s a free on-site car park. If you use a sat nav, use the street name Perimeter Road South, not the postcode.\n\n## Yarl's Wood, Bedfordshire\n\nVisiting hours are 2pm to 5pm and 6pm to 9pm each day.\n\nYou must book at least one day in advance.\n\nYou must bring the following:\n\n- photo ID (passport or driving licence)\n\n- utility bill showing your name and address\n\nThere\u2019s a bus service between Bedford station and Yarl\u2019s Wood.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-removal-centre", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am going to be visiting my cousin, who has been put into an immigration removal centre in Brook House, Gatwick. I have been told that I need to bring identity. ", + "original_question": "I don't have my passport or a driving licence. Can I bring my employer's ID to verify my identity?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2052", + "question": "Scenario: We are in dispute with our employer due to poor working conditions and lack of promotions.Employees who are union members have agreed to do mass picketing and block the main public highway and bring the traffic to a halt.\n\nQuestion: Can the police stop us?\n\nDocument - Taking part in industrial action and strikes:\n## Overview\n\nIndustrial action is when workers:\n\n- go on strike\n\n- take other action, like refusing to do overtime (known as \u2018action short of a strike\u2019)\n\nSometimes an employer may stop their workers from working or coming back to work during a dispute. This is called a \u2018lock-out\u2019.\n\n## Calling industrial action\n\nIndustrial action happens when trade union members are in a dispute with their employers that can\u2019t be solved through negotiations.\n\nA trade union can only call for industrial action if a majority of its members involved support it in a properly organised postal vote - called a \u2018ballot\u2019.\n\nBefore organising a ballot, a union must decide which members affected by a dispute it wants to ask to take industrial action. It must tell all members entitled to vote and the employer what the ballot results were.\n\nA trade union calls industrial action by telling members and the employer when and how this action will be taken. This should be done by a trade union official or committee that has the legal right to do so. Your voting paper must have said who this is.\n\n## Taking part in industrial action - your rights\n\nIf you\u2019re a trade union member, you have the right to vote before your union asks you to take industrial action. You don\u2019t have to take part in industrial action and can\u2019t be disciplined by your union if you don\u2019t.\n\nIf you do get excluded or expelled from your union, you can complain to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Secondary action\n\nIt\u2019s against the law to take part in \u2018secondary action\u2019 (going on strike in sympathy with people who work for a different employer).\n\n## Holding a ballot\n\nYour union must have a vote (a \u2018ballot\u2019) that\u2019s properly organised according to legal rules.\n\n## Properly organised ballots\n\nA ballot for industrial action must:\n\n- be supervised by a qualified independent person (a \u2018scrutineer\u2019 - often someone from an organisation like the Electoral Reform Society) appointed by the union if over 50 members are being balloted\n\n- be held before the union asks members to take or continue taking action\n\n- be open to all members the union wants to take action\n\n- be a postal ballot where members vote by marking a box on a voting paper and return it in a prepaid envelope\n\n- include information on what the ballot is about and where to post your vote\n\nThe union must tell everyone entitled to vote how many people voted, the number of yes votes, no votes or spoiled papers as soon as it can after the ballot.\n\nIt must also give the employer one week\u2019s notice of the start of the ballot and tell them the result as soon as\u00a0possible once it\u2019s available.\n\nThere\u2019s practical guidance on these rules in the code of practice on industrial action ballots.\n\n## Questions on the voting paper\n\nWhen you\u2019re balloted, your voting paper must ask whether you want to take part in either (or both):\n\n- strike action\n\n- action short of a strike\n\nThe union can only call on members to take action if a majority of members who voted were in favour of that particular action. If both questions are asked on the ballot paper and members vote yes to both, the union can decide what industrial action to take.\n\n## Complaining about ballots\n\nYou can apply for a court order if your union breaks the rules on industrial action ballots. You can take legal advice before doing this.\n\nThe court may order the union not to organise action if it decides a ballot wasn\u2019t held according to the rules.\n\nYou can apply for a temporary injunction that tells the union not to call industrial action if your case can\u2019t be heard in court straight away.\n\nIf the union doesn\u2019t do what the court says, you can ask them to \u2018declare the union to be in contempt of court\u2019 and the union can be fined.\n\n## Your employment rights during industrial action\n\nYou have the right to take industrial action and you can\u2019t be legally forced to stay at, or go back to, work (unless a ballot wasn\u2019t organised properly).\n\nIf you take industrial action, you\u2019ll probably have broken (be \u2018in breach of\u2019) your employment contract and your employer:\n\n- is unlikely to pay for the work you didn\u2019t do when you took industrial action\n\n- can sue you for breaking your contract (this doesn\u2019t happen often)\n\nTaking industrial action doesn\u2019t usually mean that your employer will say you\u2019ve broken your period of continuous employment with them. This begins when you start working for your employer and ends on the day your employer uses to calculate your length of service.\n\nHowever, if you take industrial action, your employer will reduce your length of service with them by the number of days you were on strike. This is important when working out your pension and things like statutory redundancy pay.\n\n## Dismissal for industrial action\n\nYou can\u2019t be dismissed for industrial action if:\n\n- it\u2019s called as a result of a properly organised ballot\n\n- it\u2019s about a trade dispute between workers and their employer (eg about your terms and conditions)\n\n- a detailed notice about the industrial action (which is legally required) has been given to the employer at least 7 days before it begins\n\nYou can claim unfair dismissal at an employment tribunal if you\u2019re dismissed for taking industrial action at any time within the 12 weeks after the action began.\n\nAfter 12 weeks, you can be dismissed if you take industrial action and your employer has tried to settle the dispute. For example, your employer may bring in advisers from Acas to help find a solution.\n\n## When you may be dismissed\n\nYou could be dismissed for taking part in industrial action if:\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t held a properly organised ballot\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t given the employer the correct notice for balloting members or taking action\n\n- the union hasn\u2019t called its members to take action because they think the dispute is settled or action is called by someone who doesn\u2019t have the authority to do so\n\n- it\u2019s in support of workers taking action against another employer (otherwise known as \u2018sympathy\u2019 or \u2018secondary\u2019 action)\n\n- it\u2019s in support of only employing union members (otherwise known as a \u2018closed shop\u2019)\n\n- it breaks any other parts of industrial action law\n\nIf you take part in industrial action that breaks the regulations and you\u2019re dismissed, you can\u2019t usually claim unfair dismissal if all employees taking part are dismissed as well.\n\nThere\u2019s more detail on legal rights and protections in the guidance on industrial action and the law.\n\n## Industrial action by non-union members\n\nNon-union members who take part in legal, official industrial action have the same rights as union members not to be dismissed as a result of taking action.\n\n## Going on strike and picketing\n\nA picket line is where workers and union reps (\u2018picketers\u2019 or \u2018pickets\u2019) stand outside a workplace to tell other people why they are striking. Pickets may also ask people not to:\n\n- do some of their usual work\n\n- go into work\n\nPickets must not prevent people from going to work or doing their usual work if they want to do so.\n\nThe picketing code of practice explains the rules around lawful picketing.\n\n## Picketing and the law\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence for pickets to:\n\n- use threatening or abusive behaviour to people walking past or crossing the picket line\n\n- block people or vehicles trying to get into the workplace which is on strike (called \u2018causing an obstruction\u2019 by police)\n\n- carry weapons\n\n- damage property\n\n- cause or threaten to cause a \u2018breach of the peace\u2019\n\n- try to block roads near the picket line (called \u2018causing an obstruction to the public highway\u2019)\n\n- try to stop the police who are outside the workplace from doing their job\n\nYou can have legal action taken against you if you break the law or encourage others to do so when you\u2019re picketing. This includes:\n\n- trespassing (trying to enter a building without permission)\n\n- making a noise nuisance\n\n- using threatening language or offensive material, libel or slander in leaflets, banners, placards, chants or speeches\n\nIf you break a court order banning you or your trade union from holding a picket, you could be open to further legal action (otherwise known as \u2018contempt of court\u2019).\n\n## Mass picketing\n\nPolice have special powers to stop a mass picket if they think there\u2019s a danger of:\n\n- serious public disorder (like a riot)\n\n- serious damage to property\n\nThe Code of Practice on picketing says usually there should be no more than 6 people outside an entrance to a workplace.\n\nIf you don\u2019t stop picketing when told do so by police, you can be arrested.\n\n## Flying pickets\n\nFlying pickets are groups of striking workers that move from one workplace to another to picket them. Usually flying pickets are illegal - you can only join a picket line at your workplace.\n\nTrade union reps can be on picket lines at different workplaces if they\u2019re responsible for organising workers in those workplaces.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/industrial-action-strikes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are in dispute with our employer due to poor working conditions and lack of promotions.Employees who are union members have agreed to do mass picketing and block the main public highway and bring the traffic to a halt.", + "original_question": "Can the police stop us?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2055", + "question": "Scenario: I am an employee at a school. I am a teacher who is looking to join a union, but I do not know whether they have any costs.\n\nQuestion: Will I have to pay to become part of a trade union?\n\nDocument - Joining a trade union:\n## Joining a trade union\n\nA trade union is an organisation with members who are usually workers or employees. It looks after their interests at work by doing things like:\n\n- negotiating agreements with employers on pay and conditions\n\n- discussing big changes like large scale redundancy\n\n- discussing members\u2019 concerns with employers\n\n- going with members to disciplinary and grievance meetings\n\n## Find a union to join\n\nIf there\u2019s a union at work, you can ask the trade union representative (\u2018rep\u2019) about joining. Their contact details may be in your company handbook, intranet site or on the union noticeboard.\n\nThe union rep will tell you if you\u2019re eligible to join and give you a membership form to fill in.\n\n## Trade union contact details\n\nYou can search a list of unions and their contact details put together by the Certification Officer, the independent organisation responsible for the legal regulation of unions.\n\nYou can also use the TUC\u2019s interactive tool to help you find a trade union in your workplace, or one which covers your type of job.\n\n## Trade union membership subscriptions\n\nYour union will charge a union membership fee (\u2018membership sub\u2019) to finance the work of the union. This can be the same amount for all employees or based on how much you\u2019re paid.\n\n## Paying your membership subs\n\nYou can pay your subs by:\n\n- having the amount taken by your employer from your pay and sent to the union (otherwise known as \u2018check-off\u2019)\n\n- direct debit\n\n- cash\n\n- cheque\n\n## Paying by check-off\n\nYour employer does not have to take union membership subs from your pay and send it to the union. They can stop sending your membership subs unless your employment contract says they have to.\n\nYour employer cannot take union membership subs from your pay without your written permission. Many trade unions will get your agreement to pay by check-off when you join, and forward it to your employer.\n\nYou can also ask your employer in writing to stop taking money from your pay for check-off whenever you want. They must then stop taking subs from your pay as soon as it\u2019s possible.\n\nYour employer is responsible for making sure that any check-off payments they make are legal.\n\n## What to do if you have a problem\n\nIf you have a problem with your check-off payments, try to discuss the issue with your employer and your trade union first.\n\nIf your trade union subscriptions are taken from your pay without your consent, you could make a complaint to an employment tribunal against your employer.\n\nIf your complaint is successful the employment tribunal can order your employer to pay you the value of the unauthorised payments.\n\n## Trade union membership: your employment rights\n\nYou have the right to:\n\n- choose to join or not join a union\n\n- decide to leave or remain a member of a union\n\n- belong to the union you choose, even if it\u2019s not the one your employer negotiates with on pay, terms and conditions\n\n- belong to more than one union\n\nYour employer is not allowed to:\n\n- offer you a benefit to leave a trade union\n\n- threaten to treat you unfairly if you do not leave a union\n\n## Refusing to employ you for trade union membership reasons\n\nAn employer or employment agency is not allowed to insist that you:\n\n- join or leave a trade union\n\n- leave one union for another\n\n## Dismissal for trade union membership reasons\n\nYour employer is not allowed to dismiss you or choose you for redundancy because you:\n\n- are or want to be a union member\n\n- are not or do not want to be a union member\n\n- took part or wanted to take part in union activities\n\n## Other unfavourable treatment\n\nYour employer must not treat you unfavourably (for example refusing you promotion or training opportunities) if you:\n\n- join a union\n\n- take part in its meetings\n\n- leave a union\n\n## What to do if you have a problem\n\nYou may be able to use a grievance procedure or go to an employment tribunal if you think your employer has treated you unfairly because of your trade union membership.\n\nContact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) if you have any questions about trade union membership.\n\n## Role of your trade union rep\n\nA trade union representative (\u2018rep\u2019) is a union member who represents and gives advice to colleagues when they have problems at work.\n\nTrade union reps are not paid but they do get paid time off to do their work as a rep.\n\n## What do union reps do?\n\nReps are there to:\n\n- discuss any concerns you have about your employer\n\n- go with (\u2018accompany\u2019) you to disciplinary or grievance hearings with management\n\n- represent you in negotiations (\u2018collective bargaining\u2019) over your pay and terms and conditions of employment\n\n- meet with your employer to find solutions to workplace issues\n\n- develop the best possible health and safety procedures with your employer\n\nEmployers must consult with union reps if:\n\n- there is going to be a business transfer or takeover\n\n- they are planning to make 20 or more people redundant within 90 days\n\n## Your right to be accompanied\n\nYou have the right to be accompanied by your union rep to some meetings with management - for example, if:\n\n- you\u2019re facing a disciplinary charge\n\n- you wish to raise a grievance with your employer\n\nIf your union rep cannot attend, you may be able to rearrange the meeting or ask a work colleague to go with you.\n\n## Becoming a union rep\n\nIf you want to become a union rep, ask another rep in the workplace or contact your union through its website. Depending on union rules, you may be appointed or elected.\n\nIf you become a union rep, find out what rights you have.\n\n## Union negotiations with your employer\n\nWhen an employer and a union agree to negotiate on pay, terms and conditions, this agreement is called \u2018recognition\u2019 of the union. The negotiations are called \u2018collective bargaining\u2019.\n\n## How collective bargaining works\n\nYour employer and trade union must agree on how collective bargaining will be done including:\n\n- which union, rep or official will represent a group of workers or employees (this group is called a \u2018bargaining unit\u2019)\n\n- who is included in the bargaining unit\n\n- how often meetings will take place\n\n- what issues they\u2019ll discuss\n\n- how disagreements will be handled\n\n- how collective bargaining will work if more than one union is recognised\n\n## Collective agreements\n\nAgreements reached through collective bargaining are called collective agreements and they often mean a change in your employment terms and conditions.\n\nCollective agreements can cover all staff - not just union members.\n\nYour employment contract may say which collective agreements cover you if:\n\n- your employer recognises more than one trade union\n\n- 1 union is recognised to negotiate for more than 1 bargaining unit", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/join-trade-union", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an employee at a school. I am a teacher who is looking to join a union, but I do not know whether they have any costs.", + "original_question": "Will I have to pay to become part of a trade union?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2056", + "question": "Scenario: I have joined a trade union. My employer has told me that they will offer me a bonus if I were to leave this union.\n\nQuestion: Is my employer allowed to do this?\n\nDocument - Joining a trade union:\n## Joining a trade union\n\nA trade union is an organisation with members who are usually workers or employees. It looks after their interests at work by doing things like:\n\n- negotiating agreements with employers on pay and conditions\n\n- discussing big changes like large scale redundancy\n\n- discussing members\u2019 concerns with employers\n\n- going with members to disciplinary and grievance meetings\n\n## Find a union to join\n\nIf there\u2019s a union at work, you can ask the trade union representative (\u2018rep\u2019) about joining. Their contact details may be in your company handbook, intranet site or on the union noticeboard.\n\nThe union rep will tell you if you\u2019re eligible to join and give you a membership form to fill in.\n\n## Trade union contact details\n\nYou can search a list of unions and their contact details put together by the Certification Officer, the independent organisation responsible for the legal regulation of unions.\n\nYou can also use the TUC\u2019s interactive tool to help you find a trade union in your workplace, or one which covers your type of job.\n\n## Trade union membership subscriptions\n\nYour union will charge a union membership fee (\u2018membership sub\u2019) to finance the work of the union. This can be the same amount for all employees or based on how much you\u2019re paid.\n\n## Paying your membership subs\n\nYou can pay your subs by:\n\n- having the amount taken by your employer from your pay and sent to the union (otherwise known as \u2018check-off\u2019)\n\n- direct debit\n\n- cash\n\n- cheque\n\n## Paying by check-off\n\nYour employer does not have to take union membership subs from your pay and send it to the union. They can stop sending your membership subs unless your employment contract says they have to.\n\nYour employer cannot take union membership subs from your pay without your written permission. Many trade unions will get your agreement to pay by check-off when you join, and forward it to your employer.\n\nYou can also ask your employer in writing to stop taking money from your pay for check-off whenever you want. They must then stop taking subs from your pay as soon as it\u2019s possible.\n\nYour employer is responsible for making sure that any check-off payments they make are legal.\n\n## What to do if you have a problem\n\nIf you have a problem with your check-off payments, try to discuss the issue with your employer and your trade union first.\n\nIf your trade union subscriptions are taken from your pay without your consent, you could make a complaint to an employment tribunal against your employer.\n\nIf your complaint is successful the employment tribunal can order your employer to pay you the value of the unauthorised payments.\n\n## Trade union membership: your employment rights\n\nYou have the right to:\n\n- choose to join or not join a union\n\n- decide to leave or remain a member of a union\n\n- belong to the union you choose, even if it\u2019s not the one your employer negotiates with on pay, terms and conditions\n\n- belong to more than one union\n\nYour employer is not allowed to:\n\n- offer you a benefit to leave a trade union\n\n- threaten to treat you unfairly if you do not leave a union\n\n## Refusing to employ you for trade union membership reasons\n\nAn employer or employment agency is not allowed to insist that you:\n\n- join or leave a trade union\n\n- leave one union for another\n\n## Dismissal for trade union membership reasons\n\nYour employer is not allowed to dismiss you or choose you for redundancy because you:\n\n- are or want to be a union member\n\n- are not or do not want to be a union member\n\n- took part or wanted to take part in union activities\n\n## Other unfavourable treatment\n\nYour employer must not treat you unfavourably (for example refusing you promotion or training opportunities) if you:\n\n- join a union\n\n- take part in its meetings\n\n- leave a union\n\n## What to do if you have a problem\n\nYou may be able to use a grievance procedure or go to an employment tribunal if you think your employer has treated you unfairly because of your trade union membership.\n\nContact the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) if you have any questions about trade union membership.\n\n## Role of your trade union rep\n\nA trade union representative (\u2018rep\u2019) is a union member who represents and gives advice to colleagues when they have problems at work.\n\nTrade union reps are not paid but they do get paid time off to do their work as a rep.\n\n## What do union reps do?\n\nReps are there to:\n\n- discuss any concerns you have about your employer\n\n- go with (\u2018accompany\u2019) you to disciplinary or grievance hearings with management\n\n- represent you in negotiations (\u2018collective bargaining\u2019) over your pay and terms and conditions of employment\n\n- meet with your employer to find solutions to workplace issues\n\n- develop the best possible health and safety procedures with your employer\n\nEmployers must consult with union reps if:\n\n- there is going to be a business transfer or takeover\n\n- they are planning to make 20 or more people redundant within 90 days\n\n## Your right to be accompanied\n\nYou have the right to be accompanied by your union rep to some meetings with management - for example, if:\n\n- you\u2019re facing a disciplinary charge\n\n- you wish to raise a grievance with your employer\n\nIf your union rep cannot attend, you may be able to rearrange the meeting or ask a work colleague to go with you.\n\n## Becoming a union rep\n\nIf you want to become a union rep, ask another rep in the workplace or contact your union through its website. Depending on union rules, you may be appointed or elected.\n\nIf you become a union rep, find out what rights you have.\n\n## Union negotiations with your employer\n\nWhen an employer and a union agree to negotiate on pay, terms and conditions, this agreement is called \u2018recognition\u2019 of the union. The negotiations are called \u2018collective bargaining\u2019.\n\n## How collective bargaining works\n\nYour employer and trade union must agree on how collective bargaining will be done including:\n\n- which union, rep or official will represent a group of workers or employees (this group is called a \u2018bargaining unit\u2019)\n\n- who is included in the bargaining unit\n\n- how often meetings will take place\n\n- what issues they\u2019ll discuss\n\n- how disagreements will be handled\n\n- how collective bargaining will work if more than one union is recognised\n\n## Collective agreements\n\nAgreements reached through collective bargaining are called collective agreements and they often mean a change in your employment terms and conditions.\n\nCollective agreements can cover all staff - not just union members.\n\nYour employment contract may say which collective agreements cover you if:\n\n- your employer recognises more than one trade union\n\n- 1 union is recognised to negotiate for more than 1 bargaining unit", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/join-trade-union", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have joined a trade union. My employer has told me that they will offer me a bonus if I were to leave this union.", + "original_question": "Is my employer allowed to do this?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2057", + "question": "Scenario: I have been working part time in a local general store. I have been there for three years. I was recently dismissed as the owner wanted to give my job to a young relative of theirs. I was told I was not eligible for notice as I was only part time.\n\nQuestion: I feel that this is grossly unfair. Can I make an official complaint?\n\nDocument - Dismissal: your rights:\n## Overview\n\nDismissal is when your employer ends your employment - they do not always have to give you notice.\n\nIf you\u2019re dismissed, your employer must show they\u2019ve:\n\n- a valid reason that they can justify\n\n- acted reasonably in the circumstances\n\nThey must also:\n\n- be consistent - for example, not dismiss you for doing something that they let other employees do\n\n- have investigated the situation fully before dismissing you - for example, if a complaint was made about you\n\nIf you\u2019re a part-time or fixed-term worker, you cannot be treated less favourably than a full-time or permanent employee.\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost your job because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might be able to re-employ you and pay 80% your wages.\n\n## Notice period\n\nYou must be given at least the notice stated in your contract or the statutory minimum notice period, whichever is longer.\n\nThere are some situations where you can be dismissed immediately - for example, for violence.\n\n## Getting your dismissal in writing\n\nYou have the right to ask for a written statement from your employer giving the reasons why you\u2019ve been dismissed if you\u2019re an employee and have completed 2 years\u2019 service (1 year if you started before 6 April 2012).\n\nYour employer must supply the statement within 14 days of you asking for it.\n\nYour employer must give you a written statement if you\u2019re dismissed while you are on Statutory Maternity Leave. You get this:\n\n- even if you\u2019ve not asked for one\n\n- regardless of how long you\u2019ve worked for your employer\n\nSpeak to your employer or check your employment status if you\u2019re unsure of your employment status.\n\n## Reasons you can be dismissed\n\nThere are some situations when your employer can dismiss you fairly.\n\n## Not being able to do your job properly\n\nYou may not be able to do your job properly if, for example, you:\n\n- have not been able to keep up with important changes to your job - for example, a new computer system\n\n- cannot get along with your colleagues\n\nBefore taking any action, your employer should:\n\n- follow disciplinary procedures - for example, warn you that your work is not satisfactory\n\n- give you a chance to improve - for example, by training you\n\n## Illness\n\nYou can be dismissed if you have a persistent or long-term illness that makes it impossible for you to do your job.\n\nBefore taking any action, your employer should:\n\n- look for ways to support you - for example, considering whether the job itself is making you sick and needs changing\n\n- give you reasonable time to recover from your illness\n\nIf you have a disability (which may include long-term illness), your employer has a legal duty to support disability in the workplace.\n\nDismissal because of a disability may be unlawful discrimination.\n\n## Redundancy\n\nRedundancy is a form of dismissal and is fair in most cases.\n\nIf the reason you are selected for redundancy is unfair then you will have been unfairly dismissed.\n\n## Summary dismissal\n\nYou can be dismissed for \u2018gross misconduct\u2019 without your employer going through the normal disciplinary procedures. This can happen if, for example, you\u2019re violent towards a colleague, customer or property.\n\nYour employer should always investigate the circumstances before making a dismissal, even in possible gross misconduct cases.\n\n## A \u2018statutory restriction\u2019\n\nYou can be dismissed if continuing to employ you would break the law - for example, if you\u2019re a driver in a lorry firm and you lose your driving licence.\n\n## It\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you\n\nIf it\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you, it\u2019s likely to be fair. For example, if a factory burns down and it\u2019s no longer possible to employ anyone.\n\n## A \u2018substantial reason\u2019\n\nYou may be dismissed fairly if, for example:\n\n- you unreasonably refuse to accept a company reorganisation that changes your employment terms\n\n- you\u2019re sent to prison\n\n## Unfair and constructive dismissal\n\nIn certain situations, you may be able to take legal action if you\u2019re dismissed.\n\n## Unfair dismissal\n\nYour dismissal could be unfair if your employer does not:\n\n- have a good reason for dismissing you\n\n- follow the company\u2019s formal disciplinary or dismissal process (or the statutory minimum dismissal procedure in Northern Ireland)\n\nSituations when your dismissal is likely to be unfair include if you:\n\n- asked for flexible working\n\n- refused to give up your working time rights - for example, to take rest breaks\n\n- resigned and gave the correct notice period\n\n- joined a trade union\n\n- took part in legal industrial action that lasted 12 weeks or less\n\n- needed time off for jury service\n\n- applied for maternity, paternity and adoption leave\n\n- were on any maternity, paternity and adoption leave you\u2019re entitled to\n\n- tried to enforce your right to receive Working Tax Credits\n\n- exposed wrongdoing in the workplace (whistleblowing)\n\n- were forced to retire (known as \u2018compulsory retirement\u2019)\n\nCompulsory retirement is not allowed unless your employer can objectively justify it, but you can challenge it at an employment tribunal.\n\n## Constructive dismissal\n\nConstructive dismissal is when you\u2019re forced to leave your job against your will because of your employer\u2019s conduct.\n\nThe reasons you leave your job must be serious, for example, they:\n\n- do not pay you or suddenly demote you for no reason\n\n- force you to accept unreasonable changes to how you work - for example, tell you to work night shifts when your contract is only for day work\n\n- let other employees harass or bully you\n\nYour employer\u2019s breach of contract may be one serious incident or a series of incidents that are serious when taken together.\n\nYou should try and sort any issues out by speaking to your employer to solve the dispute.\n\nIf you do have a case for constructive dismissal, you should leave your job immediately - your employer may argue that, by staying, you accepted the conduct or treatment.\n\n## What to do if you're dismissed\n\nIf you\u2019re threatened with dismissal (or are dismissed) you can get help from a third party to solve the issue by mediation, conciliation and arbitration.\n\nYou can also speak to your union representative if you\u2019re a member of a trade union.\n\n## Employment tribunals\n\nIf you\u2019ve been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you can normally go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you can go to an industrial tribunal.\n\n## Qualifying period to claim unfair dismissal\n\nYou must have worked for your employer for a minimum period before you qualify for the right to claim unfair dismissal at a tribunal. If you\u2019re classed as an employee and started your job:\n\n- on or after 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 2 years\n\n- before 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 1 year\n\nIn Northern Ireland, the qualifying period is still normally 1 year.\n\nThere is no qualifying period if you\u2019ve been dismissed from 25 June 2013 because of your political opinions or affiliation. You\u2019ll automatically have the right to go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn unfair dismissal claims you must make the claim to a tribunal within 3 months of being dismissed.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been working part time in a local general store. I have been there for three years. I was recently dismissed as the owner wanted to give my job to a young relative of theirs. I was told I was not eligible for notice as I was only part time.", + "original_question": "I feel that this is grossly unfair. Can I make an official complaint?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2058", + "question": "Scenario: I am a PA and for the last two years have been receiving treatment for skin cancer. This has involved a lot of time off work, which I do not feel is my fault. I have just received a notice of dismissal on the grounds of 'constant absenteeism'\n\nQuestion: As I clearly am not responsible for the state of my health, can I take legal action against my employer?\n\nDocument - Dismissal: your rights:\n## Overview\n\nDismissal is when your employer ends your employment - they do not always have to give you notice.\n\nIf you\u2019re dismissed, your employer must show they\u2019ve:\n\n- a valid reason that they can justify\n\n- acted reasonably in the circumstances\n\nThey must also:\n\n- be consistent - for example, not dismiss you for doing something that they let other employees do\n\n- have investigated the situation fully before dismissing you - for example, if a complaint was made about you\n\nIf you\u2019re a part-time or fixed-term worker, you cannot be treated less favourably than a full-time or permanent employee.\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost your job because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might be able to re-employ you and pay 80% your wages.\n\n## Notice period\n\nYou must be given at least the notice stated in your contract or the statutory minimum notice period, whichever is longer.\n\nThere are some situations where you can be dismissed immediately - for example, for violence.\n\n## Getting your dismissal in writing\n\nYou have the right to ask for a written statement from your employer giving the reasons why you\u2019ve been dismissed if you\u2019re an employee and have completed 2 years\u2019 service (1 year if you started before 6 April 2012).\n\nYour employer must supply the statement within 14 days of you asking for it.\n\nYour employer must give you a written statement if you\u2019re dismissed while you are on Statutory Maternity Leave. You get this:\n\n- even if you\u2019ve not asked for one\n\n- regardless of how long you\u2019ve worked for your employer\n\nSpeak to your employer or check your employment status if you\u2019re unsure of your employment status.\n\n## Reasons you can be dismissed\n\nThere are some situations when your employer can dismiss you fairly.\n\n## Not being able to do your job properly\n\nYou may not be able to do your job properly if, for example, you:\n\n- have not been able to keep up with important changes to your job - for example, a new computer system\n\n- cannot get along with your colleagues\n\nBefore taking any action, your employer should:\n\n- follow disciplinary procedures - for example, warn you that your work is not satisfactory\n\n- give you a chance to improve - for example, by training you\n\n## Illness\n\nYou can be dismissed if you have a persistent or long-term illness that makes it impossible for you to do your job.\n\nBefore taking any action, your employer should:\n\n- look for ways to support you - for example, considering whether the job itself is making you sick and needs changing\n\n- give you reasonable time to recover from your illness\n\nIf you have a disability (which may include long-term illness), your employer has a legal duty to support disability in the workplace.\n\nDismissal because of a disability may be unlawful discrimination.\n\n## Redundancy\n\nRedundancy is a form of dismissal and is fair in most cases.\n\nIf the reason you are selected for redundancy is unfair then you will have been unfairly dismissed.\n\n## Summary dismissal\n\nYou can be dismissed for \u2018gross misconduct\u2019 without your employer going through the normal disciplinary procedures. This can happen if, for example, you\u2019re violent towards a colleague, customer or property.\n\nYour employer should always investigate the circumstances before making a dismissal, even in possible gross misconduct cases.\n\n## A \u2018statutory restriction\u2019\n\nYou can be dismissed if continuing to employ you would break the law - for example, if you\u2019re a driver in a lorry firm and you lose your driving licence.\n\n## It\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you\n\nIf it\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you, it\u2019s likely to be fair. For example, if a factory burns down and it\u2019s no longer possible to employ anyone.\n\n## A \u2018substantial reason\u2019\n\nYou may be dismissed fairly if, for example:\n\n- you unreasonably refuse to accept a company reorganisation that changes your employment terms\n\n- you\u2019re sent to prison\n\n## Unfair and constructive dismissal\n\nIn certain situations, you may be able to take legal action if you\u2019re dismissed.\n\n## Unfair dismissal\n\nYour dismissal could be unfair if your employer does not:\n\n- have a good reason for dismissing you\n\n- follow the company\u2019s formal disciplinary or dismissal process (or the statutory minimum dismissal procedure in Northern Ireland)\n\nSituations when your dismissal is likely to be unfair include if you:\n\n- asked for flexible working\n\n- refused to give up your working time rights - for example, to take rest breaks\n\n- resigned and gave the correct notice period\n\n- joined a trade union\n\n- took part in legal industrial action that lasted 12 weeks or less\n\n- needed time off for jury service\n\n- applied for maternity, paternity and adoption leave\n\n- were on any maternity, paternity and adoption leave you\u2019re entitled to\n\n- tried to enforce your right to receive Working Tax Credits\n\n- exposed wrongdoing in the workplace (whistleblowing)\n\n- were forced to retire (known as \u2018compulsory retirement\u2019)\n\nCompulsory retirement is not allowed unless your employer can objectively justify it, but you can challenge it at an employment tribunal.\n\n## Constructive dismissal\n\nConstructive dismissal is when you\u2019re forced to leave your job against your will because of your employer\u2019s conduct.\n\nThe reasons you leave your job must be serious, for example, they:\n\n- do not pay you or suddenly demote you for no reason\n\n- force you to accept unreasonable changes to how you work - for example, tell you to work night shifts when your contract is only for day work\n\n- let other employees harass or bully you\n\nYour employer\u2019s breach of contract may be one serious incident or a series of incidents that are serious when taken together.\n\nYou should try and sort any issues out by speaking to your employer to solve the dispute.\n\nIf you do have a case for constructive dismissal, you should leave your job immediately - your employer may argue that, by staying, you accepted the conduct or treatment.\n\n## What to do if you're dismissed\n\nIf you\u2019re threatened with dismissal (or are dismissed) you can get help from a third party to solve the issue by mediation, conciliation and arbitration.\n\nYou can also speak to your union representative if you\u2019re a member of a trade union.\n\n## Employment tribunals\n\nIf you\u2019ve been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you can normally go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you can go to an industrial tribunal.\n\n## Qualifying period to claim unfair dismissal\n\nYou must have worked for your employer for a minimum period before you qualify for the right to claim unfair dismissal at a tribunal. If you\u2019re classed as an employee and started your job:\n\n- on or after 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 2 years\n\n- before 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 1 year\n\nIn Northern Ireland, the qualifying period is still normally 1 year.\n\nThere is no qualifying period if you\u2019ve been dismissed from 25 June 2013 because of your political opinions or affiliation. You\u2019ll automatically have the right to go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn unfair dismissal claims you must make the claim to a tribunal within 3 months of being dismissed.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a PA and for the last two years have been receiving treatment for skin cancer. This has involved a lot of time off work, which I do not feel is my fault. I have just received a notice of dismissal on the grounds of 'constant absenteeism'", + "original_question": "As I clearly am not responsible for the state of my health, can I take legal action against my employer?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2059", + "question": "Scenario: My friend has been forced to leave his work due to unfair treatment by his employer. The employer suddenly changed his day shifts to night shifts without informing him and promoting other work colleagues and demoting him.\n\nQuestion: Can my friend sue his employer for a constructive dismissal?\n\nDocument - Dismissal: your rights:\n## Overview\n\nDismissal is when your employer ends your employment - they do not always have to give you notice.\n\nIf you\u2019re dismissed, your employer must show they\u2019ve:\n\n- a valid reason that they can justify\n\n- acted reasonably in the circumstances\n\nThey must also:\n\n- be consistent - for example, not dismiss you for doing something that they let other employees do\n\n- have investigated the situation fully before dismissing you - for example, if a complaint was made about you\n\nIf you\u2019re a part-time or fixed-term worker, you cannot be treated less favourably than a full-time or permanent employee.\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost your job because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might be able to re-employ you and pay 80% your wages.\n\n## Notice period\n\nYou must be given at least the notice stated in your contract or the statutory minimum notice period, whichever is longer.\n\nThere are some situations where you can be dismissed immediately - for example, for violence.\n\n## Getting your dismissal in writing\n\nYou have the right to ask for a written statement from your employer giving the reasons why you\u2019ve been dismissed if you\u2019re an employee and have completed 2 years\u2019 service (1 year if you started before 6 April 2012).\n\nYour employer must supply the statement within 14 days of you asking for it.\n\nYour employer must give you a written statement if you\u2019re dismissed while you are on Statutory Maternity Leave. You get this:\n\n- even if you\u2019ve not asked for one\n\n- regardless of how long you\u2019ve worked for your employer\n\nSpeak to your employer or check your employment status if you\u2019re unsure of your employment status.\n\n## Reasons you can be dismissed\n\nThere are some situations when your employer can dismiss you fairly.\n\n## Not being able to do your job properly\n\nYou may not be able to do your job properly if, for example, you:\n\n- have not been able to keep up with important changes to your job - for example, a new computer system\n\n- cannot get along with your colleagues\n\nBefore taking any action, your employer should:\n\n- follow disciplinary procedures - for example, warn you that your work is not satisfactory\n\n- give you a chance to improve - for example, by training you\n\n## Illness\n\nYou can be dismissed if you have a persistent or long-term illness that makes it impossible for you to do your job.\n\nBefore taking any action, your employer should:\n\n- look for ways to support you - for example, considering whether the job itself is making you sick and needs changing\n\n- give you reasonable time to recover from your illness\n\nIf you have a disability (which may include long-term illness), your employer has a legal duty to support disability in the workplace.\n\nDismissal because of a disability may be unlawful discrimination.\n\n## Redundancy\n\nRedundancy is a form of dismissal and is fair in most cases.\n\nIf the reason you are selected for redundancy is unfair then you will have been unfairly dismissed.\n\n## Summary dismissal\n\nYou can be dismissed for \u2018gross misconduct\u2019 without your employer going through the normal disciplinary procedures. This can happen if, for example, you\u2019re violent towards a colleague, customer or property.\n\nYour employer should always investigate the circumstances before making a dismissal, even in possible gross misconduct cases.\n\n## A \u2018statutory restriction\u2019\n\nYou can be dismissed if continuing to employ you would break the law - for example, if you\u2019re a driver in a lorry firm and you lose your driving licence.\n\n## It\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you\n\nIf it\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you, it\u2019s likely to be fair. For example, if a factory burns down and it\u2019s no longer possible to employ anyone.\n\n## A \u2018substantial reason\u2019\n\nYou may be dismissed fairly if, for example:\n\n- you unreasonably refuse to accept a company reorganisation that changes your employment terms\n\n- you\u2019re sent to prison\n\n## Unfair and constructive dismissal\n\nIn certain situations, you may be able to take legal action if you\u2019re dismissed.\n\n## Unfair dismissal\n\nYour dismissal could be unfair if your employer does not:\n\n- have a good reason for dismissing you\n\n- follow the company\u2019s formal disciplinary or dismissal process (or the statutory minimum dismissal procedure in Northern Ireland)\n\nSituations when your dismissal is likely to be unfair include if you:\n\n- asked for flexible working\n\n- refused to give up your working time rights - for example, to take rest breaks\n\n- resigned and gave the correct notice period\n\n- joined a trade union\n\n- took part in legal industrial action that lasted 12 weeks or less\n\n- needed time off for jury service\n\n- applied for maternity, paternity and adoption leave\n\n- were on any maternity, paternity and adoption leave you\u2019re entitled to\n\n- tried to enforce your right to receive Working Tax Credits\n\n- exposed wrongdoing in the workplace (whistleblowing)\n\n- were forced to retire (known as \u2018compulsory retirement\u2019)\n\nCompulsory retirement is not allowed unless your employer can objectively justify it, but you can challenge it at an employment tribunal.\n\n## Constructive dismissal\n\nConstructive dismissal is when you\u2019re forced to leave your job against your will because of your employer\u2019s conduct.\n\nThe reasons you leave your job must be serious, for example, they:\n\n- do not pay you or suddenly demote you for no reason\n\n- force you to accept unreasonable changes to how you work - for example, tell you to work night shifts when your contract is only for day work\n\n- let other employees harass or bully you\n\nYour employer\u2019s breach of contract may be one serious incident or a series of incidents that are serious when taken together.\n\nYou should try and sort any issues out by speaking to your employer to solve the dispute.\n\nIf you do have a case for constructive dismissal, you should leave your job immediately - your employer may argue that, by staying, you accepted the conduct or treatment.\n\n## What to do if you're dismissed\n\nIf you\u2019re threatened with dismissal (or are dismissed) you can get help from a third party to solve the issue by mediation, conciliation and arbitration.\n\nYou can also speak to your union representative if you\u2019re a member of a trade union.\n\n## Employment tribunals\n\nIf you\u2019ve been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you can normally go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you can go to an industrial tribunal.\n\n## Qualifying period to claim unfair dismissal\n\nYou must have worked for your employer for a minimum period before you qualify for the right to claim unfair dismissal at a tribunal. If you\u2019re classed as an employee and started your job:\n\n- on or after 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 2 years\n\n- before 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 1 year\n\nIn Northern Ireland, the qualifying period is still normally 1 year.\n\nThere is no qualifying period if you\u2019ve been dismissed from 25 June 2013 because of your political opinions or affiliation. You\u2019ll automatically have the right to go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn unfair dismissal claims you must make the claim to a tribunal within 3 months of being dismissed.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend has been forced to leave his work due to unfair treatment by his employer. The employer suddenly changed his day shifts to night shifts without informing him and promoting other work colleagues and demoting him.", + "original_question": "Can my friend sue his employer for a constructive dismissal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2060", + "question": "Scenario: My brother has been working for 5 years in a transport company.He was involved in a fight with a fellow work colleague and was given a summary dismissal.\n\nQuestion: Is the employer justified to give him a dismissal without a notice?\n\nDocument - Dismissal: your rights:\n## Overview\n\nDismissal is when your employer ends your employment - they do not always have to give you notice.\n\nIf you\u2019re dismissed, your employer must show they\u2019ve:\n\n- a valid reason that they can justify\n\n- acted reasonably in the circumstances\n\nThey must also:\n\n- be consistent - for example, not dismiss you for doing something that they let other employees do\n\n- have investigated the situation fully before dismissing you - for example, if a complaint was made about you\n\nIf you\u2019re a part-time or fixed-term worker, you cannot be treated less favourably than a full-time or permanent employee.\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost your job because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might be able to re-employ you and pay 80% your wages.\n\n## Notice period\n\nYou must be given at least the notice stated in your contract or the statutory minimum notice period, whichever is longer.\n\nThere are some situations where you can be dismissed immediately - for example, for violence.\n\n## Getting your dismissal in writing\n\nYou have the right to ask for a written statement from your employer giving the reasons why you\u2019ve been dismissed if you\u2019re an employee and have completed 2 years\u2019 service (1 year if you started before 6 April 2012).\n\nYour employer must supply the statement within 14 days of you asking for it.\n\nYour employer must give you a written statement if you\u2019re dismissed while you are on Statutory Maternity Leave. You get this:\n\n- even if you\u2019ve not asked for one\n\n- regardless of how long you\u2019ve worked for your employer\n\nSpeak to your employer or check your employment status if you\u2019re unsure of your employment status.\n\n## Reasons you can be dismissed\n\nThere are some situations when your employer can dismiss you fairly.\n\n## Not being able to do your job properly\n\nYou may not be able to do your job properly if, for example, you:\n\n- have not been able to keep up with important changes to your job - for example, a new computer system\n\n- cannot get along with your colleagues\n\nBefore taking any action, your employer should:\n\n- follow disciplinary procedures - for example, warn you that your work is not satisfactory\n\n- give you a chance to improve - for example, by training you\n\n## Illness\n\nYou can be dismissed if you have a persistent or long-term illness that makes it impossible for you to do your job.\n\nBefore taking any action, your employer should:\n\n- look for ways to support you - for example, considering whether the job itself is making you sick and needs changing\n\n- give you reasonable time to recover from your illness\n\nIf you have a disability (which may include long-term illness), your employer has a legal duty to support disability in the workplace.\n\nDismissal because of a disability may be unlawful discrimination.\n\n## Redundancy\n\nRedundancy is a form of dismissal and is fair in most cases.\n\nIf the reason you are selected for redundancy is unfair then you will have been unfairly dismissed.\n\n## Summary dismissal\n\nYou can be dismissed for \u2018gross misconduct\u2019 without your employer going through the normal disciplinary procedures. This can happen if, for example, you\u2019re violent towards a colleague, customer or property.\n\nYour employer should always investigate the circumstances before making a dismissal, even in possible gross misconduct cases.\n\n## A \u2018statutory restriction\u2019\n\nYou can be dismissed if continuing to employ you would break the law - for example, if you\u2019re a driver in a lorry firm and you lose your driving licence.\n\n## It\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you\n\nIf it\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you, it\u2019s likely to be fair. For example, if a factory burns down and it\u2019s no longer possible to employ anyone.\n\n## A \u2018substantial reason\u2019\n\nYou may be dismissed fairly if, for example:\n\n- you unreasonably refuse to accept a company reorganisation that changes your employment terms\n\n- you\u2019re sent to prison\n\n## Unfair and constructive dismissal\n\nIn certain situations, you may be able to take legal action if you\u2019re dismissed.\n\n## Unfair dismissal\n\nYour dismissal could be unfair if your employer does not:\n\n- have a good reason for dismissing you\n\n- follow the company\u2019s formal disciplinary or dismissal process (or the statutory minimum dismissal procedure in Northern Ireland)\n\nSituations when your dismissal is likely to be unfair include if you:\n\n- asked for flexible working\n\n- refused to give up your working time rights - for example, to take rest breaks\n\n- resigned and gave the correct notice period\n\n- joined a trade union\n\n- took part in legal industrial action that lasted 12 weeks or less\n\n- needed time off for jury service\n\n- applied for maternity, paternity and adoption leave\n\n- were on any maternity, paternity and adoption leave you\u2019re entitled to\n\n- tried to enforce your right to receive Working Tax Credits\n\n- exposed wrongdoing in the workplace (whistleblowing)\n\n- were forced to retire (known as \u2018compulsory retirement\u2019)\n\nCompulsory retirement is not allowed unless your employer can objectively justify it, but you can challenge it at an employment tribunal.\n\n## Constructive dismissal\n\nConstructive dismissal is when you\u2019re forced to leave your job against your will because of your employer\u2019s conduct.\n\nThe reasons you leave your job must be serious, for example, they:\n\n- do not pay you or suddenly demote you for no reason\n\n- force you to accept unreasonable changes to how you work - for example, tell you to work night shifts when your contract is only for day work\n\n- let other employees harass or bully you\n\nYour employer\u2019s breach of contract may be one serious incident or a series of incidents that are serious when taken together.\n\nYou should try and sort any issues out by speaking to your employer to solve the dispute.\n\nIf you do have a case for constructive dismissal, you should leave your job immediately - your employer may argue that, by staying, you accepted the conduct or treatment.\n\n## What to do if you're dismissed\n\nIf you\u2019re threatened with dismissal (or are dismissed) you can get help from a third party to solve the issue by mediation, conciliation and arbitration.\n\nYou can also speak to your union representative if you\u2019re a member of a trade union.\n\n## Employment tribunals\n\nIf you\u2019ve been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you can normally go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you can go to an industrial tribunal.\n\n## Qualifying period to claim unfair dismissal\n\nYou must have worked for your employer for a minimum period before you qualify for the right to claim unfair dismissal at a tribunal. If you\u2019re classed as an employee and started your job:\n\n- on or after 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 2 years\n\n- before 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 1 year\n\nIn Northern Ireland, the qualifying period is still normally 1 year.\n\nThere is no qualifying period if you\u2019ve been dismissed from 25 June 2013 because of your political opinions or affiliation. You\u2019ll automatically have the right to go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn unfair dismissal claims you must make the claim to a tribunal within 3 months of being dismissed.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother has been working for 5 years in a transport company.He was involved in a fight with a fellow work colleague and was given a summary dismissal.", + "original_question": "Is the employer justified to give him a dismissal without a notice?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2065", + "question": "Scenario: A friend of mine got refugee status in the UK and has his refugee residence card. He is worried about applying for a full citizenship or any type of settlement scheme since he and his family are not financially stable in the UK yet.\n\nQuestion: Will he have to pay any fees to apply for settlement under these circumstances?\n\nDocument - Settlement: refugee or humanitarian protection:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve got a residence card as a:\n\n- refugee\n\n- person with humanitarian protection\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible in the relevant category.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person who\u2019s been given humanitarian protection.\n\n## Family members\n\nYou may be able to include your partner and any children on your settlement application if they\u2019re already in the UK as your dependants. This includes children born in the UK.\n\nCheck if your family member is eligible.\n\nIf your application is successful, your family members will have the same permission to stay in the UK as you do.\n\n## If you cannot include your family members on your settlement application\n\nIf your family was formed before you left your country, your partner and children can apply to be reunited with you in the UK.\n\nYour family members must apply for a visa to join you in the UK if one of the following is true:\n\n- they\u2019re not eligible to apply as a partner or a child\n\n- your family was formed after you left your country\n\nIf your application is successful, your family members will have permission to stay in the UK for the same length of time as you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply after 5 years in the UK as either:\n\n- a refugee\n\n- someone with humanitarian protection\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nYour settlement application may be refused if you\u2019ve got a criminal record or been in prison - read why applications are refused.\n\nIf you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them to the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person with humanitarian protection.\n\n## Family reunion\n\nYour partner or child may be able to join or stay with you in the UK if:\n\n- you were part of a family before you were forced to leave your country\n\n- you have refugee status, 5 years\u2019 humanitarian protection or settlement on protection grounds but do not yet have British citizenship\n\nYour partner or child cannot join you if:\n\n- you have not received a decision on your asylum claim\n\n- you\u2019re under 18\n\nIf their application is successful, your family members will be allowed to come to or stay in the UK with the same permission as you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour partner and any children must meet the following requirements.\n\n## Partner\n\nYour partner is someone you\u2019re in a genuine relationship with. You must be able to prove one of the following:\n\n- you\u2019re married\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership\n\nIf you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership, your partner may be able to join you if:\n\n- you were given refugee status or humanitarian protection on or after 9 October 2006\n\n- you\u2019ve lived together in a relationship like in a marriage or civil partnership for 2 years and you\u2019ve been given asylum or humanitarian protection after 9 October 2006\n\nYou and your partner must intend to live together and continue your relationship after they apply.\n\n## Children\n\nYour child is:\n\n- under the age of 18\n\n- going to live with you and your partner\n\n- not married or in a civil partnership\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nYour partner or child must apply online for family reunion.\n\nYou can apply on behalf of your child but, in most cases, your partner must make their own application.\n\nThey\u2019ll also have to complete application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.\n\n## North Korea\n\nYour partner or child cannot apply online if they\u2019re applying from North Korea.\n\nThey need to download application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.\n\nThey should read the guidance on filling in the form and the instructions for North Korea.\n\n## Apply in the UK\n\nYour partner or child can apply to stay with you in the UK if all the following are true:\n\n- you have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\n- they\u2019re making their first application to stay with you and they\u2019re already in the UK\n\n- they can prove their relationship pre-dates your departure from your home country because of persecution\n\nThey must apply by letter to:\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen your family member applies, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a Service and Support Centre to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo) and have their supporting documents checked.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for family reunion for eligible family members.\n\n## Family applying as dependants\n\nIf you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection, your family members can apply for settlement on the same form as you if they\u2019re already in the UK.\n\nFamily members are:\n\n- your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 2 years before applying to settle)\n\n- your child or children - born in the UK or abroad\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour family members must either have been given permission to be in the UK with you:\n\n- as your dependant, at the same time you were granted asylum or Humanitarian Protection\n\n- using the family reunion route\n\nA child of yours born in the UK who is not a British citizen is also eligible.\n\nYou need to provide evidence of your relationship - check the application form.\n\n## Children over 18\n\nYou can only include your children over 18 in your settlement application if:\n\n- they were granted as your dependant when you got your original grant of asylum and leave to enter or remain\n\n- they were granted leave to enter or remain by applying for family reunion\n\n## Other exceptions\n\nYou cannot include a partner or other dependant who:\n\n- already has permission to be in the UK in another category\n\n- is currently in the UK without permission\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them to the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement for a family member.\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nIf you have a criminal record or have been in prison, you may be refused settlement.\n\nIf you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settlement-refugee-or-humanitarian-protection", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "A friend of mine got refugee status in the UK and has his refugee residence card. He is worried about applying for a full citizenship or any type of settlement scheme since he and his family are not financially stable in the UK yet.", + "original_question": "Will he have to pay any fees to apply for settlement under these circumstances?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2066", + "question": "Scenario: A friend of mine and his family want to apply for settlement as refugees. We have been friends for about 2 years now and his family has been living in the UK for the past 7 or so years.\n\nQuestion: Are they eligible to apply for settlement as refugees?\n\nDocument - Settlement: refugee or humanitarian protection:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve got a residence card as a:\n\n- refugee\n\n- person with humanitarian protection\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible in the relevant category.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person who\u2019s been given humanitarian protection.\n\n## Family members\n\nYou may be able to include your partner and any children on your settlement application if they\u2019re already in the UK as your dependants. This includes children born in the UK.\n\nCheck if your family member is eligible.\n\nIf your application is successful, your family members will have the same permission to stay in the UK as you do.\n\n## If you cannot include your family members on your settlement application\n\nIf your family was formed before you left your country, your partner and children can apply to be reunited with you in the UK.\n\nYour family members must apply for a visa to join you in the UK if one of the following is true:\n\n- they\u2019re not eligible to apply as a partner or a child\n\n- your family was formed after you left your country\n\nIf your application is successful, your family members will have permission to stay in the UK for the same length of time as you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply after 5 years in the UK as either:\n\n- a refugee\n\n- someone with humanitarian protection\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nYour settlement application may be refused if you\u2019ve got a criminal record or been in prison - read why applications are refused.\n\nIf you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them to the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person with humanitarian protection.\n\n## Family reunion\n\nYour partner or child may be able to join or stay with you in the UK if:\n\n- you were part of a family before you were forced to leave your country\n\n- you have refugee status, 5 years\u2019 humanitarian protection or settlement on protection grounds but do not yet have British citizenship\n\nYour partner or child cannot join you if:\n\n- you have not received a decision on your asylum claim\n\n- you\u2019re under 18\n\nIf their application is successful, your family members will be allowed to come to or stay in the UK with the same permission as you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour partner and any children must meet the following requirements.\n\n## Partner\n\nYour partner is someone you\u2019re in a genuine relationship with. You must be able to prove one of the following:\n\n- you\u2019re married\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership\n\nIf you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership, your partner may be able to join you if:\n\n- you were given refugee status or humanitarian protection on or after 9 October 2006\n\n- you\u2019ve lived together in a relationship like in a marriage or civil partnership for 2 years and you\u2019ve been given asylum or humanitarian protection after 9 October 2006\n\nYou and your partner must intend to live together and continue your relationship after they apply.\n\n## Children\n\nYour child is:\n\n- under the age of 18\n\n- going to live with you and your partner\n\n- not married or in a civil partnership\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nYour partner or child must apply online for family reunion.\n\nYou can apply on behalf of your child but, in most cases, your partner must make their own application.\n\nThey\u2019ll also have to complete application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.\n\n## North Korea\n\nYour partner or child cannot apply online if they\u2019re applying from North Korea.\n\nThey need to download application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.\n\nThey should read the guidance on filling in the form and the instructions for North Korea.\n\n## Apply in the UK\n\nYour partner or child can apply to stay with you in the UK if all the following are true:\n\n- you have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\n- they\u2019re making their first application to stay with you and they\u2019re already in the UK\n\n- they can prove their relationship pre-dates your departure from your home country because of persecution\n\nThey must apply by letter to:\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen your family member applies, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a Service and Support Centre to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo) and have their supporting documents checked.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for family reunion for eligible family members.\n\n## Family applying as dependants\n\nIf you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection, your family members can apply for settlement on the same form as you if they\u2019re already in the UK.\n\nFamily members are:\n\n- your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 2 years before applying to settle)\n\n- your child or children - born in the UK or abroad\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour family members must either have been given permission to be in the UK with you:\n\n- as your dependant, at the same time you were granted asylum or Humanitarian Protection\n\n- using the family reunion route\n\nA child of yours born in the UK who is not a British citizen is also eligible.\n\nYou need to provide evidence of your relationship - check the application form.\n\n## Children over 18\n\nYou can only include your children over 18 in your settlement application if:\n\n- they were granted as your dependant when you got your original grant of asylum and leave to enter or remain\n\n- they were granted leave to enter or remain by applying for family reunion\n\n## Other exceptions\n\nYou cannot include a partner or other dependant who:\n\n- already has permission to be in the UK in another category\n\n- is currently in the UK without permission\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them to the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement for a family member.\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nIf you have a criminal record or have been in prison, you may be refused settlement.\n\nIf you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settlement-refugee-or-humanitarian-protection", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "A friend of mine and his family want to apply for settlement as refugees. We have been friends for about 2 years now and his family has been living in the UK for the past 7 or so years.", + "original_question": "Are they eligible to apply for settlement as refugees?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2071", + "question": "Scenario: I am 25 and have been in the UK for four years on an innovator visa. I am an American citizen. I am single and have no children. I would very much like to remain in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible for me to get indefinite leave to remain?\n\nDocument - Indefinite leave to remain if you have an Innovator visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be eligible for indefinite leave to remain if you have an Innovator visa.\n\nYou cannot apply until March 2022 at the earliest - 3 years after this way to settle was introduced.\n\nIndefinite leave to remain is how you settle in the UK. It gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible. You can use it to apply for British citizenship.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have:\n\n- lived in the UK for 3 years using an Innovator visa - you cannot include time spent in the UK using any other visa\n\n- a new endorsement that shows you\u2019ve met the requirements for growing your business\n\n## Knowledge of life in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re 18 to 64 you must pass the Life in the UK Test.\n\n## Time outside the UK\n\nYou must have spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months.\n\nIf you think you\u2019re affected by this rule, find out how to calculate your time in the UK (\u2018continuous residence\u2019).\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to apply 28 days before you\u2019re eligible. Your application may be refused if you apply earlier.\n\nDo not wait until your current visa expires. If your visa expires before you can apply for indefinite leave to remain, you\u2019ll need to renew it first.\n\n## Fees and how long it takes\n\nIt costs \u00a32,389 for each person applying. You can include your partner and children on the same application form, if they\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou also need to pay \u00a319.20 per person to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Getting endorsed\n\nBefore you can apply, you must show an approved body that you\u2019ve grown your business.\n\nIf you meet the criteria, the body will give you an endorsement letter to show that you\u2019re eligible for indefinite leave to remain.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your letter, you must apply for indefinite leave to remain within 3 months.\n\nYou do not need to use the same body that endorsed you for your Innovator visa.\n\n## Endorsement requirements\n\nYou must be actively managing and developing the business.\n\nYour business must be:\n\n- registered with Companies House, and you\u2019re either the director or a member\n\n- currently trading, and be able to continue for at least the next 12 months\n\nYour business must have done 2 of the following:\n\n- had \u00a350,000 of investment, which you\u2019ve spent on developing the business\n\n- doubled the number of customers in the last 3 years - and this number is higher than the average for similar businesses\n\n- applied for intellectual property protection in the UK\n\n- made \u00a31 million revenue in the last full year covered by accounts\n\n- made \u00a3500,000 revenue in the last full year covered by accounts, with \u00a3100,000 of this from exporting overseas\n\n- created the equivalent of 10 full-time jobs that have existed for 12 months\n\n- created the equivalent of 5 full-time jobs that have existed for 12 months, with an average salary of \u00a325,000 a year\n\nYou may have already met some of these criteria when you applied for your visa.\n\n## If you\u2019ve created jobs\n\nThe jobs you\u2019ve created must be for \u2018settled workers\u2019. A settled worker is someone who was one of the following when they started working for you:\n\n- a British citizen\n\n- an EEA citizen who was living in the UK and working for you by 31 December 2020\n\n- a Commonwealth citizen with a UK Ancestry visa\n\n- someone with indefinite leave to remain or settled status\n\n## Family members\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application if they\u2019re eligible.\n\nYour partner and children can apply separately at a later date, for example if they\u2019re not eligible yet. They can continue to extend their visa as your dependant, even after you get indefinite leave to remain.\n\n## Eligibility for partners\n\nYour partner may qualify if all of the following apply:\n\n- they have permission to be in the UK as your partner (as a \u2018dependant\u2019 on your Innovator visa)\n\n- they\u2019ve lived in the UK with you as your dependant for at least 5 continuous years\n\n- your relationship is genuine\n\n- you intend to keep living together\n\n- you have enough income to support yourselves and your dependants\n\n- you\u2019re not using public funds (benefits)\n\nYour partner can include time they\u2019ve spent as your dependant on another visa to count towards the continuous years they need to qualify. They cannot count any time spent on their own visa (not as your dependant).\n\nYour partner must also:\n\n- pass the Life in the UK Test\n\n- meet the English language requirements\n\n## Eligibility for children\n\nYou can include children as dependants on your application if:\n\n- they have permission to be in the UK as your child (as a \u2018dependant\u2019 on your visa)\n\n- they are not married, in a civil partnership or living an independent life\n\n- they will live with you and be supported by you without relying on public funds (benefits)\n\n- you and your child\u2019s other parent are both currently applying to settle, or are already settled\n\nYour child can also apply to settle in one of the following situations:\n\n- you\u2019re the child\u2019s sole surviving parent\n\n- you have sole responsibility for your child, or they normally live with you\n\n- there are serious or compelling reasons why they should be allowed to stay, for example you or your child has a serious illness\n\n## Extra documents for children over 16\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prove:\n\n- where they live - if they do not live with you, you\u2019ll need to explain why\n\n- any rent or upkeep they pay you each month\n\n- that you support them financially if they do not live with you\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide 2 documents from this list to prove where they live:\n\n- bank statement\n\n- credit card bill\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- a letter from their current school, college or university, on headed paper and issued by an authorised official of that organisation\n\nThe documents you provide cannot be more than a month old on the date you make your application.\n\nIf your child lives away from home, you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- bank statements for you and your child covering the 3 months before the date you apply (to prove you\u2019ve supported them)\n\n- confirmation from their university or college on headed paper and issued by an authorised official (if they\u2019re studying)\n\n## Children 18 and over\n\nYou can only include older children in your application if they both:\n\n- were under 18 when they got permission to be in the UK as your dependant\n\n- still do not live an independent life - for example, they have not got married or had children\n\nThey also need to:\n\n- pass the Life in the UK Test\n\n- meet the English language requirements\n\nIf your child is over 18 by the time you apply and does not meet these requirements, they must apply separately.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou cannot apply for indefinite leave to remain using an Innovator visa until March 2022 at the earliest.\n\n## Other ways to stay in the UK\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible to apply using an Innovator visa, you may be able to stay in the UK another way. Check if you can:\n\n- extend your permission to stay in the UK\n\n- use a different way to apply for indefinite leave to remain", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/indefinite-leave-to-remain-innovator-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 25 and have been in the UK for four years on an innovator visa. I am an American citizen. I am single and have no children. I would very much like to remain in the UK.", + "original_question": "Is it possible for me to get indefinite leave to remain?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2081", + "question": "Scenario: I am 23 years old. I have just got a new job that will have a salary of \u00a318,000 per year. I do not want to pay into a pension at this time.\n\nQuestion: Does my employer need to automatically enrol me onto a pension?\n\nDocument - Workplace pensions:\n## About workplace pensions\n\nA workplace pension is a way of saving for your retirement that\u2019s arranged by your employer.\n\nSome workplace pensions are called \u2018occupational\u2019, \u2018works\u2019, \u2018company\u2019 or \u2018work-based\u2019 pensions.\n\n## How they work\n\nA percentage of your pay is put into the pension scheme automatically every payday.\n\nIn most cases, your employer also adds money into the pension scheme for you. You may also get tax relief from the government.\n\n## Joining a workplace pension\n\nAll employers must provide a workplace pension scheme. This is called \u2018automatic enrolment\u2019.\n\nYour employer must automatically enrol you into a pension scheme and make contributions to your pension if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re classed as a \u2018worker\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re aged between 22 and State Pension age\n\n- you earn at least \u00a310,000 per year\n\n- you usually (\u2018ordinarily\u2019) work in the UK (read the detailed guidance if you\u2019re not sure)\n\n## When your employer does not have to automatically enrol you\n\nYour employer usually does not have to automatically enrol you if you do not meet the previous criteria or if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve already given notice to your employer that you\u2019re leaving your job, or they\u2019ve given you notice\n\n- you have evidence of your lifetime allowance protection (for example, a certificate from HMRC)\n\n- you\u2019ve already taken a pension that meets the automatic enrolment rules and your employer arranged it\n\n- you get a one-off payment from a workplace pension scheme that\u2019s closed (a \u2018winding up lump sum\u2019), and then leave and rejoin the same job within 12 months of getting the payment\n\n- more than 12 months before your staging date, you left (\u2018opted out\u2019) of a pension arranged through your employer\n\n- you\u2019re from an EU member state and are in a EU cross-border pension scheme\n\n- you\u2019re in a limited liability partnership\n\n- you\u2019re a director without an employment contract and employ at least one other person in your company\n\nYou can usually still join their pension if you want to. Your employer cannot refuse.\n\n## If your income is low\n\nYour employer does not have to contribute to your pension if you earn these amounts or less:\n\n- \u00a3520 a month\n\n- \u00a3120 a week\n\n- \u00a3480 over 4 weeks\n\n## What happens when you\u2019re automatically enrolled\n\nYour employer must write to you when you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled into their workplace pension scheme. They must tell you:\n\n- the date they added you to the pension scheme\n\n- the type of pension scheme and who runs it\n\n- how much they\u2019ll contribute and how much you\u2019ll have to pay in\n\n- how to leave the scheme, if you want to\n\n- how tax relief applies to you\n\n## Delaying your enrolment date\n\nYour employer can delay the date they must enrol you into a pension scheme by up to 3 months.\n\nIn some cases they may be able to delay longer if they\u2019ve chosen either:\n\n- a \u2018defined benefit\u2019 pension\n\n- a \u2018hybrid\u2019 pension (a mixture of defined benefit and defined contribution pensions) that allows you to take a defined benefit pension\n\nYour employer must:\n\n- tell you about the delay in writing\n\n- let you join in the meantime if you ask to\n\n## What your employer cannot do\n\nYour employer cannot:\n\n- unfairly dismiss or discriminate against you for being in a workplace pension scheme\n\n- encourage or force you to opt out\n\n## What you, your employer and the government pay\n\nThe amount you and your employer pay towards the pension depends on:\n\n- what type of workplace pension scheme you\u2019re in\n\n- whether you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled in a workplace pension or you\u2019ve joined one voluntarily (\u2018opted in\u2019)\n\nUse the Money Advice Service\u2019s contributions calculator to work out how much you and your employer will put in.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nThe government will usually add money to your workplace pension in the form of tax relief if both of the following apply:\n\n- you pay Income Tax\n\n- you pay into a personal pension or workplace pension\n\nEven if you do not pay Income Tax, you\u2019ll still get an additional payment if your pension scheme uses \u2018relief at source\u2019 to add money to your pension pot.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled\n\nYou and your employer must pay a percentage of your earnings into your workplace pension scheme.\n\nHow much you pay and what counts as earnings depend on the pension scheme your employer has chosen. Ask your employer about your pension scheme rules.\n\nIn most automatic enrolment schemes, you\u2019ll make contributions based on your total earnings between \u00a36,240 and \u00a350,270 a year before tax.\u00a0Your total earnings include:\n\n- salary or wages\n\n- bonuses and commission\n\n- overtime\n\n- statutory sick pay\n\n- statutory maternity, paternity or adoption pay\n\n## Workplace pension contributions\n\n| | The minimum your employer pays | You pay | Total minimum contribution |\n\n| From April 2019 | 3% | 5% | 8% |\n\nThese amounts could be higher for you or your employer because of your pension scheme rules. They\u2019re higher for most defined benefit pension schemes.\n\nIn some schemes, your employer has the option to pay in more than the legal minimum. In these schemes, you can pay in less as long as your employer puts in enough to meet the total minimum contribution.\n\n## If you\u2019ve voluntarily enrolled in a workplace pension\n\nYour employer must contribute the minimum amount if you earn more than:\n\n- \u00a3520 a month\n\n- \u00a3120 a week\n\n- \u00a3480 over 4 weeks\n\nThey do not have to contribute anything if you earn these amounts or less.\n\n## How your take-home pay changes\n\nJoining a workplace pension scheme means that your take-home income will be reduced. But this may:\n\n- mean you\u2019re entitled to tax credits or an increase in the amount of tax credits you get (although you may not get this until the next tax year)\n\n- mean you\u2019re entitled to an income-related benefit or an increase in the amount of benefit you get\n\n- reduce the amount of student loan repayments you need to make\n\n## Payments using salary sacrifice\n\nYou and your employer may agree to use \u2018salary sacrifice\u2019 (sometimes known as a \u2018SMART\u2019 scheme).\n\nIf you do this, you give up part of your salary and your employer pays this straight into your pension. In some cases, this will mean you and your employer pay less tax and National Insurance.\n\nAsk your employer if they use salary sacrifice.\n\n## Protection for your pension\n\nHow your pension is protected depends on the type of scheme.\n\n## Defined contribution pension schemes\n\n## If your employer goes bust\n\nDefined contribution pensions are usually run by pension providers, not employers. You will not lose your pension pot if your employer goes bust.\n\n## If your pension provider goes bust\n\nIf the pension provider was authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority and cannot pay you, you can get compensation from the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS).\n\n## Trust-based schemes\n\nSome defined contribution schemes are run by a trust appointed by the employer. These are called \u2018trust-based schemes\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll still get your pension if your employer goes out of business. But you might not get as much because the scheme\u2019s running costs will be paid by members\u2019 pension pots instead of the employer.\n\n## Defined benefit pension schemes\n\nYour employer is responsible for making sure there\u2019s enough money in a defined benefit pension to pay each member the promised amount.\n\nYour employer cannot touch the money in your pension if they\u2019re in financial trouble.\n\nYou\u2019re usually protected by the Pension Protection Fund if your employer goes bust and cannot pay your pension.\n\nThe Pension Protection Fund usually pays:\n\n- 100% compensation if you\u2019ve reached the scheme\u2019s pension age\n\n- 90% compensation if you\u2019re below the scheme\u2019s pension age\n\n## Fraud, theft or bad management\n\nIf there\u2019s a shortfall in your company\u2019s pension fund because of fraud or theft, you may be eligible for compensation from the Fraud Compensation Fund.\n\nContact one of the following organisations if you want to make a complaint about the way your workplace pension scheme is run:\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\n- the Pensions Ombudsman\n\n## Managing your pension\n\nYour pension provider will send you a statement each year to tell you how much is in your pension pot. You can also ask them for an estimate of how much you\u2019ll get when you start taking your pension pot.\n\n## What you see on your payslip\n\nYou do not need to do anything to get tax relief at the basic rate on your pension contributions. There are 2 types of arrangements:\n\n- net pay\n\n- relief at source\n\nCheck with your employer or pension provider which arrangement your workplace pension uses. This determines what you\u2019ll see on your payslip.\n\n## \u2018Net pay\u2019\n\nYour employer takes your contribution from your pay before it\u2019s taxed. You only pay tax on what\u2019s left. This means you get full tax relief, no matter if you pay tax at the basic, higher or additional rate.\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll see on your payslip is your contribution plus the tax relief.\n\nYou will not get tax relief if you do not pay tax, for example because you earn less than the tax threshold.\n\n## \u2018Relief at source\u2019\n\nYour employer takes your pension contribution after taking tax and National Insurance from your pay. However much you earn, your pension provider then adds tax relief to your pension pot at the basic rate.\n\nWith \u2018relief at source\u2019, the amount you see on your payslip is only your contributions, not the tax relief.\n\nYou may be able to claim money back if:\n\n- you pay higher or additional rate Income Tax\n\n- you pay higher or top rate Income Tax in Scotland\n\n## Tracing lost pensions\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service could help you find pensions you\u2019ve paid into but lost track of.\n\n## Nominate someone to get your pension if you die\n\nYou may be able to nominate (choose) someone to get your pension if you die before reaching the scheme\u2019s pension age. You can do this when you first join the pension or by writing to your provider.\n\nAsk your pension provider if you can nominate someone and what they\u2019d get if you die, for example regular payments or lump sums. Check your scheme\u2019s rules about:\n\n- who you can nominate - some payments can only go to a dependant, for example your husband, wife, civil partner or child under 23\n\n- whether anything can change what the person gets, for example when and how you start taking your pension pot, or the age you die\n\nYou can change your nomination at any time. It\u2019s important to keep your nominee\u2019s details up to date.\n\nSometimes the pension provider can pay the money to someone else, for example if the person you nominated cannot be found or has died.\n\n## Taking your pension\n\nMost pension schemes set an age when you can take your pension, usually between 60 and 65. In some circumstances you can take your pension early. The earliest is usually 55.\n\nSome companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. Taking your pension early in this way could mean you pay tax of up to 55%.\n\nIf the amount of money in your pension pot is quite small, you may be able to take it all as a lump sum. You can take 25% of it tax free, but you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the rest.\n\nHow you get money from your pension depends on the type of scheme you\u2019re in.\n\n## Defined contribution pension schemes\n\nYou\u2019ll need to decide how to take your money if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme.\n\n## Defined benefit pension schemes\n\nYou may be able to take some money as a tax-free lump sum if you\u2019re in a defined benefit pension scheme - check with your pension provider. You\u2019ll get the rest as a guaranteed amount each year.\n\n## Changing jobs and taking leave\n\n## If you change jobs\n\nYour workplace pension still belongs to you. If you do not carry on paying into the scheme, the money will remain invested and you\u2019ll get a pension when you reach the scheme\u2019s pension age.\n\nYou can join another workplace pension scheme if you get a new job.\n\nIf you do, you might be able to:\n\n- carry on making contributions to your old pension\n\n- combine the old and new pension schemes\n\nAsk your pension providers about your options.\n\nIf you move jobs but pay into an old pension, you may not get some of that pension\u2019s benefits - check if they\u2019re only available to current workers.\n\n## If you worked at your job for less than 2 years before you left\n\nIf you were in a defined benefit pension scheme for less than 2 years, you might be able to either:\n\n- get a refund on what you contributed\n\n- transfer the value of its benefits to another scheme (a \u2018cash sum transfer\u2019)\n\nThis depends on the type of defined benefit scheme and its rules. Check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.\n\n## Paid leave\n\nDuring paid leave, you and your employer carry on making pension contributions.\n\nThe amount you contribute is based on your actual pay during this time, but your employer pays contributions based on the salary you would have received if you were not on leave.\n\n## Maternity and other parental leave\n\nYou and your employer will continue to make pension contributions if you\u2019re getting paid during maternity leave.\n\nIf you\u2019re not getting paid, your employer still has to make pension contributions in the first 26 weeks of your leave (\u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019). They have to carry on making contributions afterwards if it\u2019s in your contract. Check your employer\u2019s maternity policy.\n\n## Unpaid leave\n\nYou may be able to make contributions if you want to - check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.\n\n## If you become self-employed or stop working\n\nYou may be able to carry on contributing to your workplace pension - ask the scheme provider.\n\nYou could use the National Employment Saving Trust (NEST) - a workplace pension scheme that working self-employed people or sole directors of limited companies can use.\n\nYou could set up a personal or stakeholder pension.\n\nYou can get help with your workplace pension options.\n\n## If you want to leave your workplace pension scheme\n\nWhat you do if you want to leave a workplace pension depends on whether you\u2019ve been \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019 in it or not.\n\n## If you have not been automatically enrolled\n\nCheck with your employer - they\u2019ll tell you what to do.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled\n\nYour employer will have sent you a letter telling you that you\u2019ve been added to the scheme.\n\nYou can leave (called \u2018opting out\u2019) if you want to.\n\nIf you opt out within a month of your employer adding you to the scheme, you\u2019ll get back any money you\u2019ve already paid in.\n\nYou may not be able to get your payments refunded if you opt out later - they\u2019ll usually stay in your pension until you retire.\n\nYou can opt out by contacting your pension provider. Your employer must tell you how to do this.\n\n## Reducing your payments\n\nYou may be able to reduce the amount you contribute to your workplace pension for a short time. Check with both your employer and your pension provider to see if you can do this and how long you can do it for.\n\n## Opting back in\n\nYou can do this at any time by writing to your employer. They do not have to accept you back into their workplace scheme if you\u2019ve opted in and then opted out in the past 12 months.\n\n## Rejoining the scheme automatically\n\nYour employer will automatically re-enrol you in the scheme. They must do this either every 3 years (from the date you first enrolled), or they can choose to do it sooner. They\u2019ll write to you when they do this.\n\n## When you do not rejoin automatically\n\nIf you no longer qualify for the scheme, you will not be automatically re-enrolled.\n\nIf you chose to leave the scheme in the 12 months before the date you would have been re-enrolled, your employer does not have to automatically re-enrol you. But they can choose to re-enrol you.\n\n## Get help\n\nFor questions about the specific terms of your workplace pension scheme, talk to your pension provider or your employer.\n\nYou can get free, impartial information about your workplace pension options from:\n\n- the Money Advice Service\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\n- Pension Wise if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme\n\nYou can get impartial advice about workplace pensions from an independent financial adviser. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for the advice.\n\nFor general questions on workplace pensions contact the DWP Workplace Pension Information Line.\n\nOnly use the information line if you\u2019re a worker - employers should contact The Pensions Regulator.\n\n## Problems with being \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019\n\nContact the The Pensions Regulator if you have concerns about the way your employer is dealing with automatic enrolment.\n\nThe Pensions Advisory Service may also be able to help you.\n\n## If you\u2019re already paying into a personal pension\n\nCheck whether it\u2019s better for you to:\n\n- carry on with just your personal pension\n\n- stop paying into your personal pension and join your workplace pension\n\n- keep paying into both\n\n## If you\u2019re saving large amounts in pensions\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge if your total savings in workplace pensions and any other personal pension scheme go above your:\n\n- lifetime allowance - \u00a31,055,000\n\n- annual allowance - usually the lowest out of \u00a340,000 or 100% of your annual income\n\nIf you start taking your pension pot your annual allowance could drop to as low as \u00a34,000.\n\n## If your pension scheme is closing\n\nThis can happen if your employer decides they do not want to use a scheme anymore or they can no longer pay their contributions. What happens to the money you paid in depends on the pension scheme you\u2019ve joined.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled, your employer cannot close a pension scheme without automatically enrolling you into another one.\n\n## If you\u2019re getting a divorce\n\nYou and your spouse or partner will have to tell the court the value of each of your pension pots. You then have different options to work out what happens to your pension when you get a divorce.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 23 years old. I have just got a new job that will have a salary of \u00a318,000 per year. I do not want to pay into a pension at this time.", + "original_question": "Does my employer need to automatically enrol me onto a pension?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2082", + "question": "Scenario: I worked for my employer for one year before leaving for a new job. I was making contributions to a workplace pension during my time in employment. I want to take these contributions out.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to get a refund on the pension contributions I made?\n\nDocument - Workplace pensions:\n## About workplace pensions\n\nA workplace pension is a way of saving for your retirement that\u2019s arranged by your employer.\n\nSome workplace pensions are called \u2018occupational\u2019, \u2018works\u2019, \u2018company\u2019 or \u2018work-based\u2019 pensions.\n\n## How they work\n\nA percentage of your pay is put into the pension scheme automatically every payday.\n\nIn most cases, your employer also adds money into the pension scheme for you. You may also get tax relief from the government.\n\n## Joining a workplace pension\n\nAll employers must provide a workplace pension scheme. This is called \u2018automatic enrolment\u2019.\n\nYour employer must automatically enrol you into a pension scheme and make contributions to your pension if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re classed as a \u2018worker\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re aged between 22 and State Pension age\n\n- you earn at least \u00a310,000 per year\n\n- you usually (\u2018ordinarily\u2019) work in the UK (read the detailed guidance if you\u2019re not sure)\n\n## When your employer does not have to automatically enrol you\n\nYour employer usually does not have to automatically enrol you if you do not meet the previous criteria or if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve already given notice to your employer that you\u2019re leaving your job, or they\u2019ve given you notice\n\n- you have evidence of your lifetime allowance protection (for example, a certificate from HMRC)\n\n- you\u2019ve already taken a pension that meets the automatic enrolment rules and your employer arranged it\n\n- you get a one-off payment from a workplace pension scheme that\u2019s closed (a \u2018winding up lump sum\u2019), and then leave and rejoin the same job within 12 months of getting the payment\n\n- more than 12 months before your staging date, you left (\u2018opted out\u2019) of a pension arranged through your employer\n\n- you\u2019re from an EU member state and are in a EU cross-border pension scheme\n\n- you\u2019re in a limited liability partnership\n\n- you\u2019re a director without an employment contract and employ at least one other person in your company\n\nYou can usually still join their pension if you want to. Your employer cannot refuse.\n\n## If your income is low\n\nYour employer does not have to contribute to your pension if you earn these amounts or less:\n\n- \u00a3520 a month\n\n- \u00a3120 a week\n\n- \u00a3480 over 4 weeks\n\n## What happens when you\u2019re automatically enrolled\n\nYour employer must write to you when you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled into their workplace pension scheme. They must tell you:\n\n- the date they added you to the pension scheme\n\n- the type of pension scheme and who runs it\n\n- how much they\u2019ll contribute and how much you\u2019ll have to pay in\n\n- how to leave the scheme, if you want to\n\n- how tax relief applies to you\n\n## Delaying your enrolment date\n\nYour employer can delay the date they must enrol you into a pension scheme by up to 3 months.\n\nIn some cases they may be able to delay longer if they\u2019ve chosen either:\n\n- a \u2018defined benefit\u2019 pension\n\n- a \u2018hybrid\u2019 pension (a mixture of defined benefit and defined contribution pensions) that allows you to take a defined benefit pension\n\nYour employer must:\n\n- tell you about the delay in writing\n\n- let you join in the meantime if you ask to\n\n## What your employer cannot do\n\nYour employer cannot:\n\n- unfairly dismiss or discriminate against you for being in a workplace pension scheme\n\n- encourage or force you to opt out\n\n## What you, your employer and the government pay\n\nThe amount you and your employer pay towards the pension depends on:\n\n- what type of workplace pension scheme you\u2019re in\n\n- whether you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled in a workplace pension or you\u2019ve joined one voluntarily (\u2018opted in\u2019)\n\nUse the Money Advice Service\u2019s contributions calculator to work out how much you and your employer will put in.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nThe government will usually add money to your workplace pension in the form of tax relief if both of the following apply:\n\n- you pay Income Tax\n\n- you pay into a personal pension or workplace pension\n\nEven if you do not pay Income Tax, you\u2019ll still get an additional payment if your pension scheme uses \u2018relief at source\u2019 to add money to your pension pot.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled\n\nYou and your employer must pay a percentage of your earnings into your workplace pension scheme.\n\nHow much you pay and what counts as earnings depend on the pension scheme your employer has chosen. Ask your employer about your pension scheme rules.\n\nIn most automatic enrolment schemes, you\u2019ll make contributions based on your total earnings between \u00a36,240 and \u00a350,270 a year before tax.\u00a0Your total earnings include:\n\n- salary or wages\n\n- bonuses and commission\n\n- overtime\n\n- statutory sick pay\n\n- statutory maternity, paternity or adoption pay\n\n## Workplace pension contributions\n\n| | The minimum your employer pays | You pay | Total minimum contribution |\n\n| From April 2019 | 3% | 5% | 8% |\n\nThese amounts could be higher for you or your employer because of your pension scheme rules. They\u2019re higher for most defined benefit pension schemes.\n\nIn some schemes, your employer has the option to pay in more than the legal minimum. In these schemes, you can pay in less as long as your employer puts in enough to meet the total minimum contribution.\n\n## If you\u2019ve voluntarily enrolled in a workplace pension\n\nYour employer must contribute the minimum amount if you earn more than:\n\n- \u00a3520 a month\n\n- \u00a3120 a week\n\n- \u00a3480 over 4 weeks\n\nThey do not have to contribute anything if you earn these amounts or less.\n\n## How your take-home pay changes\n\nJoining a workplace pension scheme means that your take-home income will be reduced. But this may:\n\n- mean you\u2019re entitled to tax credits or an increase in the amount of tax credits you get (although you may not get this until the next tax year)\n\n- mean you\u2019re entitled to an income-related benefit or an increase in the amount of benefit you get\n\n- reduce the amount of student loan repayments you need to make\n\n## Payments using salary sacrifice\n\nYou and your employer may agree to use \u2018salary sacrifice\u2019 (sometimes known as a \u2018SMART\u2019 scheme).\n\nIf you do this, you give up part of your salary and your employer pays this straight into your pension. In some cases, this will mean you and your employer pay less tax and National Insurance.\n\nAsk your employer if they use salary sacrifice.\n\n## Protection for your pension\n\nHow your pension is protected depends on the type of scheme.\n\n## Defined contribution pension schemes\n\n## If your employer goes bust\n\nDefined contribution pensions are usually run by pension providers, not employers. You will not lose your pension pot if your employer goes bust.\n\n## If your pension provider goes bust\n\nIf the pension provider was authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority and cannot pay you, you can get compensation from the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS).\n\n## Trust-based schemes\n\nSome defined contribution schemes are run by a trust appointed by the employer. These are called \u2018trust-based schemes\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll still get your pension if your employer goes out of business. But you might not get as much because the scheme\u2019s running costs will be paid by members\u2019 pension pots instead of the employer.\n\n## Defined benefit pension schemes\n\nYour employer is responsible for making sure there\u2019s enough money in a defined benefit pension to pay each member the promised amount.\n\nYour employer cannot touch the money in your pension if they\u2019re in financial trouble.\n\nYou\u2019re usually protected by the Pension Protection Fund if your employer goes bust and cannot pay your pension.\n\nThe Pension Protection Fund usually pays:\n\n- 100% compensation if you\u2019ve reached the scheme\u2019s pension age\n\n- 90% compensation if you\u2019re below the scheme\u2019s pension age\n\n## Fraud, theft or bad management\n\nIf there\u2019s a shortfall in your company\u2019s pension fund because of fraud or theft, you may be eligible for compensation from the Fraud Compensation Fund.\n\nContact one of the following organisations if you want to make a complaint about the way your workplace pension scheme is run:\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\n- the Pensions Ombudsman\n\n## Managing your pension\n\nYour pension provider will send you a statement each year to tell you how much is in your pension pot. You can also ask them for an estimate of how much you\u2019ll get when you start taking your pension pot.\n\n## What you see on your payslip\n\nYou do not need to do anything to get tax relief at the basic rate on your pension contributions. There are 2 types of arrangements:\n\n- net pay\n\n- relief at source\n\nCheck with your employer or pension provider which arrangement your workplace pension uses. This determines what you\u2019ll see on your payslip.\n\n## \u2018Net pay\u2019\n\nYour employer takes your contribution from your pay before it\u2019s taxed. You only pay tax on what\u2019s left. This means you get full tax relief, no matter if you pay tax at the basic, higher or additional rate.\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll see on your payslip is your contribution plus the tax relief.\n\nYou will not get tax relief if you do not pay tax, for example because you earn less than the tax threshold.\n\n## \u2018Relief at source\u2019\n\nYour employer takes your pension contribution after taking tax and National Insurance from your pay. However much you earn, your pension provider then adds tax relief to your pension pot at the basic rate.\n\nWith \u2018relief at source\u2019, the amount you see on your payslip is only your contributions, not the tax relief.\n\nYou may be able to claim money back if:\n\n- you pay higher or additional rate Income Tax\n\n- you pay higher or top rate Income Tax in Scotland\n\n## Tracing lost pensions\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service could help you find pensions you\u2019ve paid into but lost track of.\n\n## Nominate someone to get your pension if you die\n\nYou may be able to nominate (choose) someone to get your pension if you die before reaching the scheme\u2019s pension age. You can do this when you first join the pension or by writing to your provider.\n\nAsk your pension provider if you can nominate someone and what they\u2019d get if you die, for example regular payments or lump sums. Check your scheme\u2019s rules about:\n\n- who you can nominate - some payments can only go to a dependant, for example your husband, wife, civil partner or child under 23\n\n- whether anything can change what the person gets, for example when and how you start taking your pension pot, or the age you die\n\nYou can change your nomination at any time. It\u2019s important to keep your nominee\u2019s details up to date.\n\nSometimes the pension provider can pay the money to someone else, for example if the person you nominated cannot be found or has died.\n\n## Taking your pension\n\nMost pension schemes set an age when you can take your pension, usually between 60 and 65. In some circumstances you can take your pension early. The earliest is usually 55.\n\nSome companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. Taking your pension early in this way could mean you pay tax of up to 55%.\n\nIf the amount of money in your pension pot is quite small, you may be able to take it all as a lump sum. You can take 25% of it tax free, but you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the rest.\n\nHow you get money from your pension depends on the type of scheme you\u2019re in.\n\n## Defined contribution pension schemes\n\nYou\u2019ll need to decide how to take your money if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme.\n\n## Defined benefit pension schemes\n\nYou may be able to take some money as a tax-free lump sum if you\u2019re in a defined benefit pension scheme - check with your pension provider. You\u2019ll get the rest as a guaranteed amount each year.\n\n## Changing jobs and taking leave\n\n## If you change jobs\n\nYour workplace pension still belongs to you. If you do not carry on paying into the scheme, the money will remain invested and you\u2019ll get a pension when you reach the scheme\u2019s pension age.\n\nYou can join another workplace pension scheme if you get a new job.\n\nIf you do, you might be able to:\n\n- carry on making contributions to your old pension\n\n- combine the old and new pension schemes\n\nAsk your pension providers about your options.\n\nIf you move jobs but pay into an old pension, you may not get some of that pension\u2019s benefits - check if they\u2019re only available to current workers.\n\n## If you worked at your job for less than 2 years before you left\n\nIf you were in a defined benefit pension scheme for less than 2 years, you might be able to either:\n\n- get a refund on what you contributed\n\n- transfer the value of its benefits to another scheme (a \u2018cash sum transfer\u2019)\n\nThis depends on the type of defined benefit scheme and its rules. Check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.\n\n## Paid leave\n\nDuring paid leave, you and your employer carry on making pension contributions.\n\nThe amount you contribute is based on your actual pay during this time, but your employer pays contributions based on the salary you would have received if you were not on leave.\n\n## Maternity and other parental leave\n\nYou and your employer will continue to make pension contributions if you\u2019re getting paid during maternity leave.\n\nIf you\u2019re not getting paid, your employer still has to make pension contributions in the first 26 weeks of your leave (\u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019). They have to carry on making contributions afterwards if it\u2019s in your contract. Check your employer\u2019s maternity policy.\n\n## Unpaid leave\n\nYou may be able to make contributions if you want to - check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.\n\n## If you become self-employed or stop working\n\nYou may be able to carry on contributing to your workplace pension - ask the scheme provider.\n\nYou could use the National Employment Saving Trust (NEST) - a workplace pension scheme that working self-employed people or sole directors of limited companies can use.\n\nYou could set up a personal or stakeholder pension.\n\nYou can get help with your workplace pension options.\n\n## If you want to leave your workplace pension scheme\n\nWhat you do if you want to leave a workplace pension depends on whether you\u2019ve been \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019 in it or not.\n\n## If you have not been automatically enrolled\n\nCheck with your employer - they\u2019ll tell you what to do.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled\n\nYour employer will have sent you a letter telling you that you\u2019ve been added to the scheme.\n\nYou can leave (called \u2018opting out\u2019) if you want to.\n\nIf you opt out within a month of your employer adding you to the scheme, you\u2019ll get back any money you\u2019ve already paid in.\n\nYou may not be able to get your payments refunded if you opt out later - they\u2019ll usually stay in your pension until you retire.\n\nYou can opt out by contacting your pension provider. Your employer must tell you how to do this.\n\n## Reducing your payments\n\nYou may be able to reduce the amount you contribute to your workplace pension for a short time. Check with both your employer and your pension provider to see if you can do this and how long you can do it for.\n\n## Opting back in\n\nYou can do this at any time by writing to your employer. They do not have to accept you back into their workplace scheme if you\u2019ve opted in and then opted out in the past 12 months.\n\n## Rejoining the scheme automatically\n\nYour employer will automatically re-enrol you in the scheme. They must do this either every 3 years (from the date you first enrolled), or they can choose to do it sooner. They\u2019ll write to you when they do this.\n\n## When you do not rejoin automatically\n\nIf you no longer qualify for the scheme, you will not be automatically re-enrolled.\n\nIf you chose to leave the scheme in the 12 months before the date you would have been re-enrolled, your employer does not have to automatically re-enrol you. But they can choose to re-enrol you.\n\n## Get help\n\nFor questions about the specific terms of your workplace pension scheme, talk to your pension provider or your employer.\n\nYou can get free, impartial information about your workplace pension options from:\n\n- the Money Advice Service\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\n- Pension Wise if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme\n\nYou can get impartial advice about workplace pensions from an independent financial adviser. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for the advice.\n\nFor general questions on workplace pensions contact the DWP Workplace Pension Information Line.\n\nOnly use the information line if you\u2019re a worker - employers should contact The Pensions Regulator.\n\n## Problems with being \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019\n\nContact the The Pensions Regulator if you have concerns about the way your employer is dealing with automatic enrolment.\n\nThe Pensions Advisory Service may also be able to help you.\n\n## If you\u2019re already paying into a personal pension\n\nCheck whether it\u2019s better for you to:\n\n- carry on with just your personal pension\n\n- stop paying into your personal pension and join your workplace pension\n\n- keep paying into both\n\n## If you\u2019re saving large amounts in pensions\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge if your total savings in workplace pensions and any other personal pension scheme go above your:\n\n- lifetime allowance - \u00a31,055,000\n\n- annual allowance - usually the lowest out of \u00a340,000 or 100% of your annual income\n\nIf you start taking your pension pot your annual allowance could drop to as low as \u00a34,000.\n\n## If your pension scheme is closing\n\nThis can happen if your employer decides they do not want to use a scheme anymore or they can no longer pay their contributions. What happens to the money you paid in depends on the pension scheme you\u2019ve joined.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled, your employer cannot close a pension scheme without automatically enrolling you into another one.\n\n## If you\u2019re getting a divorce\n\nYou and your spouse or partner will have to tell the court the value of each of your pension pots. You then have different options to work out what happens to your pension when you get a divorce.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I worked for my employer for one year before leaving for a new job. I was making contributions to a workplace pension during my time in employment. I want to take these contributions out.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to get a refund on the pension contributions I made?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2084", + "question": "Scenario: I am 35 and work as a builder. I was (falsely) accused of bullying an apprentice and have been suspended from work. I feel that this is very unfair as I am innocent! I am worried about my rights whilst suspended\n\nQuestion: Will I still continue to receive my pay and other benefits whilst I am suspended from work?\n\nDocument - Disciplinary procedures and action against you at work:\n## Overview\n\nYour employer could start formal disciplinary action against you if they have concerns about your work, conduct or absence.\n\nBefore taking formal disciplinary action or dismissing you, your employer may try to raise the matter informally with you. However, they can go straight to their formal disciplinary or dismissal procedures.\n\nDisciplinary procedures are a set way for an employer to deal with disciplinary issues. They should include a disciplinary hearing where you\u2019re given a chance to explain your side of the story.\n\nThere should also be a chance to appeal any disciplinary action your employer decides to take.\n\n## How disciplinary procedures work\n\nYour employer should put their disciplinary procedure in writing, and make it easily available to all staff.\n\nIt should say what performance and behaviour might lead to disciplinary action and what action your employer might take.\n\nIt should also include the name of someone you can speak to if you do not agree with your employer\u2019s disciplinary decision.\n\n## Disciplinary steps\n\nYour employer\u2019s disciplinary procedure should include the following steps:\n\n- A letter setting out the issue.\n\n- A meeting to discuss the issue.\n\n- A disciplinary decision.\n\n- A chance to appeal this decision.\n\n## Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) Code of Practice\n\nYour employer\u2019s disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.\n\nYour employer does not have to follow the Acas code. However, if they do not and you win an employment tribunal against them, you could get a larger payout.\n\nThere\u2019s more guidance about how employers should run disciplinaries in the Acas guide on discipline and grievances at work.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures and employment contracts\n\nYour employer can also put their disciplinary procedures in your employment contract.\n\nIf your employer does this and then does not follow these procedures you could sue them for breach of contract.\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nNorthern Ireland has different ways of solving workplace disputes.\n\n## Disciplinary hearings\n\nYour employer should not take any disciplinary action before meeting with you first and discussing the problem.\n\nThis disciplinary meeting (normally called a \u2018hearing\u2019) should be at a reasonable time and place.\n\nAt the hearing your employer should:\n\n- explain the complaint against you\n\n- go through the evidence\n\n- give you a chance to tell your side of the story\n\nIf you raise a significant new fact or issue at the hearing your employer might stop it and look into the issue. They should then rearrange the hearing at a later date.\n\n## Taking someone with you to a disciplinary hearing\n\nYou have the right to take someone with you to a disciplinary hearing, but you must tell your employer about this first.\n\nYour companion can be either:\n\n- a colleague\n\n- a trade union representative\n\n- a trade union official\n\nIf a colleague cannot go with you and you\u2019re not in the union you can ask to bring a family member or a Citizens Advice worker. However, your employer does not have to agree to this unless your employment contract says they must.\n\nThe companion can:\n\n- present and/or sum up your case and say things to support your case\n\n- speak to you during the hearing\n\nYour companion cannot answer questions on your behalf.\n\nYour companion cannot be disciplined for supporting you.\n\n## Disciplinary action\n\nAfter the hearing your employer should write to you as soon as possible, saying what action they\u2019re going to take, and telling you about your right to appeal.\n\nThe decision might be:\n\n- no action\n\n- written warning\n\n- final warning\n\n- demotion\n\n- dismissal\n\nIt might also be anything else that could resolve the problem, for example an agreement to mediate with a co-worker you\u2019ve had personal problems with.\n\n## Disciplinary appeals\n\nIf you think disciplinary action taken against you is unfair you can appeal.\n\nWrite to your employer saying you\u2019re appealing and why.\n\n## Appeal hearings\n\nYou should be offered another meeting to discuss your appeal. This appeal hearing should be held as soon as possible.\n\nIf possible it should be dealt with by someone who has not already been involved with your disciplinary action.\n\nAn appeal hearing will be similar to your original disciplinary meeting and you\u2019ll have the right to bring a companion.\n\n## Final decision\n\nAfter the appeal meeting your employer should write to you with their final decision.\n\n## Suspension from work\n\nWhen a disciplinary issue is being looked into you might be suspended from work. This does not happen very often. If it does it should normally be with pay and you should be told why you\u2019re being suspended.\n\n## Employment contracts\n\nYou can be suspended without pay if your employment contract says your employer can do this, but they must be acting reasonably.\n\nIf your employment contract does not say your employer can do this, your employer may still be able to suspend you, but with pay. To show that it\u2019s not a punishment the suspension will normally be on full pay.\n\n## Employment rights when suspended\n\nYou keep your employment rights while suspended. If you do not get the right pay you may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal for \u2018unlawful deduction from wages\u2019.\n\n## Talking to other employees, customers and/or suppliers\n\nIf you\u2019re suspended, you might be told not to talk to other employees, customers and/or suppliers. If this means you cannot defend yourself properly at a disciplinary hearing, you could make an appeal.\n\nBut if you\u2019ve been asked not to talk and you do, your employer might decide to take further disciplinary action against you.\n\n## Help and advice with disciplinary issues\n\nThere are several organisations that could give you advice about disciplinary issues.\n\n## Acas\n\nAcas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) offers free, confidential and impartial advice about all employment rights issues.\n\n## Citizens Advice\n\nYour local Citizens Advice can also give free and impartial advice.\n\n## Trade unions\n\nIf you\u2019re a member of a trade union you can get help and advice from them.\n\n## Equality Advisory Support Service\n\nContact the Equality Advisory Support Service for advice about discrimination, equality and human rights.\n\nYou can also find more information on the Equality Advisory Support Service website.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disciplinary-procedures-and-action-at-work", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 35 and work as a builder. I was (falsely) accused of bullying an apprentice and have been suspended from work. I feel that this is very unfair as I am innocent! I am worried about my rights whilst suspended", + "original_question": "Will I still continue to receive my pay and other benefits whilst I am suspended from work?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2085", + "question": "Scenario: I am an employee who works for a storage company. I have been diagnosed with a heart condition that stops me from doing heavy lifting. My employer has dismissed me on the basis that I cannot do my job.\n\nQuestion: Will this be considered as an unfair dismissal?\n\nDocument - Dismissal: your rights:\n## Overview\n\nDismissal is when your employer ends your employment - they do not always have to give you notice.\n\nIf you\u2019re dismissed, your employer must show they\u2019ve:\n\n- a valid reason that they can justify\n\n- acted reasonably in the circumstances\n\nThey must also:\n\n- be consistent - for example, not dismiss you for doing something that they let other employees do\n\n- have investigated the situation fully before dismissing you - for example, if a complaint was made about you\n\nIf you\u2019re a part-time or fixed-term worker, you cannot be treated less favourably than a full-time or permanent employee.\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost your job because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might be able to re-employ you and pay 80% your wages.\n\n## Notice period\n\nYou must be given at least the notice stated in your contract or the statutory minimum notice period, whichever is longer.\n\nThere are some situations where you can be dismissed immediately - for example, for violence.\n\n## Getting your dismissal in writing\n\nYou have the right to ask for a written statement from your employer giving the reasons why you\u2019ve been dismissed if you\u2019re an employee and have completed 2 years\u2019 service (1 year if you started before 6 April 2012).\n\nYour employer must supply the statement within 14 days of you asking for it.\n\nYour employer must give you a written statement if you\u2019re dismissed while you are on Statutory Maternity Leave. You get this:\n\n- even if you\u2019ve not asked for one\n\n- regardless of how long you\u2019ve worked for your employer\n\nSpeak to your employer or check your employment status if you\u2019re unsure of your employment status.\n\n## Reasons you can be dismissed\n\nThere are some situations when your employer can dismiss you fairly.\n\n## Not being able to do your job properly\n\nYou may not be able to do your job properly if, for example, you:\n\n- have not been able to keep up with important changes to your job - for example, a new computer system\n\n- cannot get along with your colleagues\n\nBefore taking any action, your employer should:\n\n- follow disciplinary procedures - for example, warn you that your work is not satisfactory\n\n- give you a chance to improve - for example, by training you\n\n## Illness\n\nYou can be dismissed if you have a persistent or long-term illness that makes it impossible for you to do your job.\n\nBefore taking any action, your employer should:\n\n- look for ways to support you - for example, considering whether the job itself is making you sick and needs changing\n\n- give you reasonable time to recover from your illness\n\nIf you have a disability (which may include long-term illness), your employer has a legal duty to support disability in the workplace.\n\nDismissal because of a disability may be unlawful discrimination.\n\n## Redundancy\n\nRedundancy is a form of dismissal and is fair in most cases.\n\nIf the reason you are selected for redundancy is unfair then you will have been unfairly dismissed.\n\n## Summary dismissal\n\nYou can be dismissed for \u2018gross misconduct\u2019 without your employer going through the normal disciplinary procedures. This can happen if, for example, you\u2019re violent towards a colleague, customer or property.\n\nYour employer should always investigate the circumstances before making a dismissal, even in possible gross misconduct cases.\n\n## A \u2018statutory restriction\u2019\n\nYou can be dismissed if continuing to employ you would break the law - for example, if you\u2019re a driver in a lorry firm and you lose your driving licence.\n\n## It\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you\n\nIf it\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you, it\u2019s likely to be fair. For example, if a factory burns down and it\u2019s no longer possible to employ anyone.\n\n## A \u2018substantial reason\u2019\n\nYou may be dismissed fairly if, for example:\n\n- you unreasonably refuse to accept a company reorganisation that changes your employment terms\n\n- you\u2019re sent to prison\n\n## Unfair and constructive dismissal\n\nIn certain situations, you may be able to take legal action if you\u2019re dismissed.\n\n## Unfair dismissal\n\nYour dismissal could be unfair if your employer does not:\n\n- have a good reason for dismissing you\n\n- follow the company\u2019s formal disciplinary or dismissal process (or the statutory minimum dismissal procedure in Northern Ireland)\n\nSituations when your dismissal is likely to be unfair include if you:\n\n- asked for flexible working\n\n- refused to give up your working time rights - for example, to take rest breaks\n\n- resigned and gave the correct notice period\n\n- joined a trade union\n\n- took part in legal industrial action that lasted 12 weeks or less\n\n- needed time off for jury service\n\n- applied for maternity, paternity and adoption leave\n\n- were on any maternity, paternity and adoption leave you\u2019re entitled to\n\n- tried to enforce your right to receive Working Tax Credits\n\n- exposed wrongdoing in the workplace (whistleblowing)\n\n- were forced to retire (known as \u2018compulsory retirement\u2019)\n\nCompulsory retirement is not allowed unless your employer can objectively justify it, but you can challenge it at an employment tribunal.\n\n## Constructive dismissal\n\nConstructive dismissal is when you\u2019re forced to leave your job against your will because of your employer\u2019s conduct.\n\nThe reasons you leave your job must be serious, for example, they:\n\n- do not pay you or suddenly demote you for no reason\n\n- force you to accept unreasonable changes to how you work - for example, tell you to work night shifts when your contract is only for day work\n\n- let other employees harass or bully you\n\nYour employer\u2019s breach of contract may be one serious incident or a series of incidents that are serious when taken together.\n\nYou should try and sort any issues out by speaking to your employer to solve the dispute.\n\nIf you do have a case for constructive dismissal, you should leave your job immediately - your employer may argue that, by staying, you accepted the conduct or treatment.\n\n## What to do if you're dismissed\n\nIf you\u2019re threatened with dismissal (or are dismissed) you can get help from a third party to solve the issue by mediation, conciliation and arbitration.\n\nYou can also speak to your union representative if you\u2019re a member of a trade union.\n\n## Employment tribunals\n\nIf you\u2019ve been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you can normally go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you can go to an industrial tribunal.\n\n## Qualifying period to claim unfair dismissal\n\nYou must have worked for your employer for a minimum period before you qualify for the right to claim unfair dismissal at a tribunal. If you\u2019re classed as an employee and started your job:\n\n- on or after 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 2 years\n\n- before 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 1 year\n\nIn Northern Ireland, the qualifying period is still normally 1 year.\n\nThere is no qualifying period if you\u2019ve been dismissed from 25 June 2013 because of your political opinions or affiliation. You\u2019ll automatically have the right to go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn unfair dismissal claims you must make the claim to a tribunal within 3 months of being dismissed.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an employee who works for a storage company. I have been diagnosed with a heart condition that stops me from doing heavy lifting. My employer has dismissed me on the basis that I cannot do my job.", + "original_question": "Will this be considered as an unfair dismissal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2086", + "question": "Scenario: I am an employee who has been forced out of their job. My employer demoted me from my position to let his son take over the role. My wages and my duties were reduced.\n\nQuestion: Will this be considered constructive dismissal?\n\nDocument - Dismissal: your rights:\n## Overview\n\nDismissal is when your employer ends your employment - they do not always have to give you notice.\n\nIf you\u2019re dismissed, your employer must show they\u2019ve:\n\n- a valid reason that they can justify\n\n- acted reasonably in the circumstances\n\nThey must also:\n\n- be consistent - for example, not dismiss you for doing something that they let other employees do\n\n- have investigated the situation fully before dismissing you - for example, if a complaint was made about you\n\nIf you\u2019re a part-time or fixed-term worker, you cannot be treated less favourably than a full-time or permanent employee.\n\nIf you\u2019ve lost your job because of coronavirus (COVID-19), your employer might be able to re-employ you and pay 80% your wages.\n\n## Notice period\n\nYou must be given at least the notice stated in your contract or the statutory minimum notice period, whichever is longer.\n\nThere are some situations where you can be dismissed immediately - for example, for violence.\n\n## Getting your dismissal in writing\n\nYou have the right to ask for a written statement from your employer giving the reasons why you\u2019ve been dismissed if you\u2019re an employee and have completed 2 years\u2019 service (1 year if you started before 6 April 2012).\n\nYour employer must supply the statement within 14 days of you asking for it.\n\nYour employer must give you a written statement if you\u2019re dismissed while you are on Statutory Maternity Leave. You get this:\n\n- even if you\u2019ve not asked for one\n\n- regardless of how long you\u2019ve worked for your employer\n\nSpeak to your employer or check your employment status if you\u2019re unsure of your employment status.\n\n## Reasons you can be dismissed\n\nThere are some situations when your employer can dismiss you fairly.\n\n## Not being able to do your job properly\n\nYou may not be able to do your job properly if, for example, you:\n\n- have not been able to keep up with important changes to your job - for example, a new computer system\n\n- cannot get along with your colleagues\n\nBefore taking any action, your employer should:\n\n- follow disciplinary procedures - for example, warn you that your work is not satisfactory\n\n- give you a chance to improve - for example, by training you\n\n## Illness\n\nYou can be dismissed if you have a persistent or long-term illness that makes it impossible for you to do your job.\n\nBefore taking any action, your employer should:\n\n- look for ways to support you - for example, considering whether the job itself is making you sick and needs changing\n\n- give you reasonable time to recover from your illness\n\nIf you have a disability (which may include long-term illness), your employer has a legal duty to support disability in the workplace.\n\nDismissal because of a disability may be unlawful discrimination.\n\n## Redundancy\n\nRedundancy is a form of dismissal and is fair in most cases.\n\nIf the reason you are selected for redundancy is unfair then you will have been unfairly dismissed.\n\n## Summary dismissal\n\nYou can be dismissed for \u2018gross misconduct\u2019 without your employer going through the normal disciplinary procedures. This can happen if, for example, you\u2019re violent towards a colleague, customer or property.\n\nYour employer should always investigate the circumstances before making a dismissal, even in possible gross misconduct cases.\n\n## A \u2018statutory restriction\u2019\n\nYou can be dismissed if continuing to employ you would break the law - for example, if you\u2019re a driver in a lorry firm and you lose your driving licence.\n\n## It\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you\n\nIf it\u2019s impossible to carry on employing you, it\u2019s likely to be fair. For example, if a factory burns down and it\u2019s no longer possible to employ anyone.\n\n## A \u2018substantial reason\u2019\n\nYou may be dismissed fairly if, for example:\n\n- you unreasonably refuse to accept a company reorganisation that changes your employment terms\n\n- you\u2019re sent to prison\n\n## Unfair and constructive dismissal\n\nIn certain situations, you may be able to take legal action if you\u2019re dismissed.\n\n## Unfair dismissal\n\nYour dismissal could be unfair if your employer does not:\n\n- have a good reason for dismissing you\n\n- follow the company\u2019s formal disciplinary or dismissal process (or the statutory minimum dismissal procedure in Northern Ireland)\n\nSituations when your dismissal is likely to be unfair include if you:\n\n- asked for flexible working\n\n- refused to give up your working time rights - for example, to take rest breaks\n\n- resigned and gave the correct notice period\n\n- joined a trade union\n\n- took part in legal industrial action that lasted 12 weeks or less\n\n- needed time off for jury service\n\n- applied for maternity, paternity and adoption leave\n\n- were on any maternity, paternity and adoption leave you\u2019re entitled to\n\n- tried to enforce your right to receive Working Tax Credits\n\n- exposed wrongdoing in the workplace (whistleblowing)\n\n- were forced to retire (known as \u2018compulsory retirement\u2019)\n\nCompulsory retirement is not allowed unless your employer can objectively justify it, but you can challenge it at an employment tribunal.\n\n## Constructive dismissal\n\nConstructive dismissal is when you\u2019re forced to leave your job against your will because of your employer\u2019s conduct.\n\nThe reasons you leave your job must be serious, for example, they:\n\n- do not pay you or suddenly demote you for no reason\n\n- force you to accept unreasonable changes to how you work - for example, tell you to work night shifts when your contract is only for day work\n\n- let other employees harass or bully you\n\nYour employer\u2019s breach of contract may be one serious incident or a series of incidents that are serious when taken together.\n\nYou should try and sort any issues out by speaking to your employer to solve the dispute.\n\nIf you do have a case for constructive dismissal, you should leave your job immediately - your employer may argue that, by staying, you accepted the conduct or treatment.\n\n## What to do if you're dismissed\n\nIf you\u2019re threatened with dismissal (or are dismissed) you can get help from a third party to solve the issue by mediation, conciliation and arbitration.\n\nYou can also speak to your union representative if you\u2019re a member of a trade union.\n\n## Employment tribunals\n\nIf you\u2019ve been unable to solve a problem between you and your employer, you can normally go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you can go to an industrial tribunal.\n\n## Qualifying period to claim unfair dismissal\n\nYou must have worked for your employer for a minimum period before you qualify for the right to claim unfair dismissal at a tribunal. If you\u2019re classed as an employee and started your job:\n\n- on or after 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 2 years\n\n- before 6 April 2012 - the qualifying period is normally 1 year\n\nIn Northern Ireland, the qualifying period is still normally 1 year.\n\nThere is no qualifying period if you\u2019ve been dismissed from 25 June 2013 because of your political opinions or affiliation. You\u2019ll automatically have the right to go to an employment tribunal.\n\nIn unfair dismissal claims you must make the claim to a tribunal within 3 months of being dismissed.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismissal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an employee who has been forced out of their job. My employer demoted me from my position to let his son take over the role. My wages and my duties were reduced.", + "original_question": "Will this be considered constructive dismissal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2087", + "question": "Scenario: I have just started a job which I enjoy but do not intend to keep for life. I have been told that I am being enrolled in a work place pension scheme even though I did not ask to be and do not really want to be\n\nQuestion: Am I obliged to have a pension with this job even though I did not intend to?\n\nDocument - Workplace pensions:\n## About workplace pensions\n\nA workplace pension is a way of saving for your retirement that\u2019s arranged by your employer.\n\nSome workplace pensions are called \u2018occupational\u2019, \u2018works\u2019, \u2018company\u2019 or \u2018work-based\u2019 pensions.\n\n## How they work\n\nA percentage of your pay is put into the pension scheme automatically every payday.\n\nIn most cases, your employer also adds money into the pension scheme for you. You may also get tax relief from the government.\n\n## Joining a workplace pension\n\nAll employers must provide a workplace pension scheme. This is called \u2018automatic enrolment\u2019.\n\nYour employer must automatically enrol you into a pension scheme and make contributions to your pension if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re classed as a \u2018worker\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re aged between 22 and State Pension age\n\n- you earn at least \u00a310,000 per year\n\n- you usually (\u2018ordinarily\u2019) work in the UK (read the detailed guidance if you\u2019re not sure)\n\n## When your employer does not have to automatically enrol you\n\nYour employer usually does not have to automatically enrol you if you do not meet the previous criteria or if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve already given notice to your employer that you\u2019re leaving your job, or they\u2019ve given you notice\n\n- you have evidence of your lifetime allowance protection (for example, a certificate from HMRC)\n\n- you\u2019ve already taken a pension that meets the automatic enrolment rules and your employer arranged it\n\n- you get a one-off payment from a workplace pension scheme that\u2019s closed (a \u2018winding up lump sum\u2019), and then leave and rejoin the same job within 12 months of getting the payment\n\n- more than 12 months before your staging date, you left (\u2018opted out\u2019) of a pension arranged through your employer\n\n- you\u2019re from an EU member state and are in a EU cross-border pension scheme\n\n- you\u2019re in a limited liability partnership\n\n- you\u2019re a director without an employment contract and employ at least one other person in your company\n\nYou can usually still join their pension if you want to. Your employer cannot refuse.\n\n## If your income is low\n\nYour employer does not have to contribute to your pension if you earn these amounts or less:\n\n- \u00a3520 a month\n\n- \u00a3120 a week\n\n- \u00a3480 over 4 weeks\n\n## What happens when you\u2019re automatically enrolled\n\nYour employer must write to you when you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled into their workplace pension scheme. They must tell you:\n\n- the date they added you to the pension scheme\n\n- the type of pension scheme and who runs it\n\n- how much they\u2019ll contribute and how much you\u2019ll have to pay in\n\n- how to leave the scheme, if you want to\n\n- how tax relief applies to you\n\n## Delaying your enrolment date\n\nYour employer can delay the date they must enrol you into a pension scheme by up to 3 months.\n\nIn some cases they may be able to delay longer if they\u2019ve chosen either:\n\n- a \u2018defined benefit\u2019 pension\n\n- a \u2018hybrid\u2019 pension (a mixture of defined benefit and defined contribution pensions) that allows you to take a defined benefit pension\n\nYour employer must:\n\n- tell you about the delay in writing\n\n- let you join in the meantime if you ask to\n\n## What your employer cannot do\n\nYour employer cannot:\n\n- unfairly dismiss or discriminate against you for being in a workplace pension scheme\n\n- encourage or force you to opt out\n\n## What you, your employer and the government pay\n\nThe amount you and your employer pay towards the pension depends on:\n\n- what type of workplace pension scheme you\u2019re in\n\n- whether you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled in a workplace pension or you\u2019ve joined one voluntarily (\u2018opted in\u2019)\n\nUse the Money Advice Service\u2019s contributions calculator to work out how much you and your employer will put in.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nThe government will usually add money to your workplace pension in the form of tax relief if both of the following apply:\n\n- you pay Income Tax\n\n- you pay into a personal pension or workplace pension\n\nEven if you do not pay Income Tax, you\u2019ll still get an additional payment if your pension scheme uses \u2018relief at source\u2019 to add money to your pension pot.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled\n\nYou and your employer must pay a percentage of your earnings into your workplace pension scheme.\n\nHow much you pay and what counts as earnings depend on the pension scheme your employer has chosen. Ask your employer about your pension scheme rules.\n\nIn most automatic enrolment schemes, you\u2019ll make contributions based on your total earnings between \u00a36,240 and \u00a350,270 a year before tax.\u00a0Your total earnings include:\n\n- salary or wages\n\n- bonuses and commission\n\n- overtime\n\n- statutory sick pay\n\n- statutory maternity, paternity or adoption pay\n\n## Workplace pension contributions\n\n| | The minimum your employer pays | You pay | Total minimum contribution |\n\n| From April 2019 | 3% | 5% | 8% |\n\nThese amounts could be higher for you or your employer because of your pension scheme rules. They\u2019re higher for most defined benefit pension schemes.\n\nIn some schemes, your employer has the option to pay in more than the legal minimum. In these schemes, you can pay in less as long as your employer puts in enough to meet the total minimum contribution.\n\n## If you\u2019ve voluntarily enrolled in a workplace pension\n\nYour employer must contribute the minimum amount if you earn more than:\n\n- \u00a3520 a month\n\n- \u00a3120 a week\n\n- \u00a3480 over 4 weeks\n\nThey do not have to contribute anything if you earn these amounts or less.\n\n## How your take-home pay changes\n\nJoining a workplace pension scheme means that your take-home income will be reduced. But this may:\n\n- mean you\u2019re entitled to tax credits or an increase in the amount of tax credits you get (although you may not get this until the next tax year)\n\n- mean you\u2019re entitled to an income-related benefit or an increase in the amount of benefit you get\n\n- reduce the amount of student loan repayments you need to make\n\n## Payments using salary sacrifice\n\nYou and your employer may agree to use \u2018salary sacrifice\u2019 (sometimes known as a \u2018SMART\u2019 scheme).\n\nIf you do this, you give up part of your salary and your employer pays this straight into your pension. In some cases, this will mean you and your employer pay less tax and National Insurance.\n\nAsk your employer if they use salary sacrifice.\n\n## Protection for your pension\n\nHow your pension is protected depends on the type of scheme.\n\n## Defined contribution pension schemes\n\n## If your employer goes bust\n\nDefined contribution pensions are usually run by pension providers, not employers. You will not lose your pension pot if your employer goes bust.\n\n## If your pension provider goes bust\n\nIf the pension provider was authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority and cannot pay you, you can get compensation from the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS).\n\n## Trust-based schemes\n\nSome defined contribution schemes are run by a trust appointed by the employer. These are called \u2018trust-based schemes\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll still get your pension if your employer goes out of business. But you might not get as much because the scheme\u2019s running costs will be paid by members\u2019 pension pots instead of the employer.\n\n## Defined benefit pension schemes\n\nYour employer is responsible for making sure there\u2019s enough money in a defined benefit pension to pay each member the promised amount.\n\nYour employer cannot touch the money in your pension if they\u2019re in financial trouble.\n\nYou\u2019re usually protected by the Pension Protection Fund if your employer goes bust and cannot pay your pension.\n\nThe Pension Protection Fund usually pays:\n\n- 100% compensation if you\u2019ve reached the scheme\u2019s pension age\n\n- 90% compensation if you\u2019re below the scheme\u2019s pension age\n\n## Fraud, theft or bad management\n\nIf there\u2019s a shortfall in your company\u2019s pension fund because of fraud or theft, you may be eligible for compensation from the Fraud Compensation Fund.\n\nContact one of the following organisations if you want to make a complaint about the way your workplace pension scheme is run:\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\n- the Pensions Ombudsman\n\n## Managing your pension\n\nYour pension provider will send you a statement each year to tell you how much is in your pension pot. You can also ask them for an estimate of how much you\u2019ll get when you start taking your pension pot.\n\n## What you see on your payslip\n\nYou do not need to do anything to get tax relief at the basic rate on your pension contributions. There are 2 types of arrangements:\n\n- net pay\n\n- relief at source\n\nCheck with your employer or pension provider which arrangement your workplace pension uses. This determines what you\u2019ll see on your payslip.\n\n## \u2018Net pay\u2019\n\nYour employer takes your contribution from your pay before it\u2019s taxed. You only pay tax on what\u2019s left. This means you get full tax relief, no matter if you pay tax at the basic, higher or additional rate.\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll see on your payslip is your contribution plus the tax relief.\n\nYou will not get tax relief if you do not pay tax, for example because you earn less than the tax threshold.\n\n## \u2018Relief at source\u2019\n\nYour employer takes your pension contribution after taking tax and National Insurance from your pay. However much you earn, your pension provider then adds tax relief to your pension pot at the basic rate.\n\nWith \u2018relief at source\u2019, the amount you see on your payslip is only your contributions, not the tax relief.\n\nYou may be able to claim money back if:\n\n- you pay higher or additional rate Income Tax\n\n- you pay higher or top rate Income Tax in Scotland\n\n## Tracing lost pensions\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service could help you find pensions you\u2019ve paid into but lost track of.\n\n## Nominate someone to get your pension if you die\n\nYou may be able to nominate (choose) someone to get your pension if you die before reaching the scheme\u2019s pension age. You can do this when you first join the pension or by writing to your provider.\n\nAsk your pension provider if you can nominate someone and what they\u2019d get if you die, for example regular payments or lump sums. Check your scheme\u2019s rules about:\n\n- who you can nominate - some payments can only go to a dependant, for example your husband, wife, civil partner or child under 23\n\n- whether anything can change what the person gets, for example when and how you start taking your pension pot, or the age you die\n\nYou can change your nomination at any time. It\u2019s important to keep your nominee\u2019s details up to date.\n\nSometimes the pension provider can pay the money to someone else, for example if the person you nominated cannot be found or has died.\n\n## Taking your pension\n\nMost pension schemes set an age when you can take your pension, usually between 60 and 65. In some circumstances you can take your pension early. The earliest is usually 55.\n\nSome companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. Taking your pension early in this way could mean you pay tax of up to 55%.\n\nIf the amount of money in your pension pot is quite small, you may be able to take it all as a lump sum. You can take 25% of it tax free, but you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the rest.\n\nHow you get money from your pension depends on the type of scheme you\u2019re in.\n\n## Defined contribution pension schemes\n\nYou\u2019ll need to decide how to take your money if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme.\n\n## Defined benefit pension schemes\n\nYou may be able to take some money as a tax-free lump sum if you\u2019re in a defined benefit pension scheme - check with your pension provider. You\u2019ll get the rest as a guaranteed amount each year.\n\n## Changing jobs and taking leave\n\n## If you change jobs\n\nYour workplace pension still belongs to you. If you do not carry on paying into the scheme, the money will remain invested and you\u2019ll get a pension when you reach the scheme\u2019s pension age.\n\nYou can join another workplace pension scheme if you get a new job.\n\nIf you do, you might be able to:\n\n- carry on making contributions to your old pension\n\n- combine the old and new pension schemes\n\nAsk your pension providers about your options.\n\nIf you move jobs but pay into an old pension, you may not get some of that pension\u2019s benefits - check if they\u2019re only available to current workers.\n\n## If you worked at your job for less than 2 years before you left\n\nIf you were in a defined benefit pension scheme for less than 2 years, you might be able to either:\n\n- get a refund on what you contributed\n\n- transfer the value of its benefits to another scheme (a \u2018cash sum transfer\u2019)\n\nThis depends on the type of defined benefit scheme and its rules. Check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.\n\n## Paid leave\n\nDuring paid leave, you and your employer carry on making pension contributions.\n\nThe amount you contribute is based on your actual pay during this time, but your employer pays contributions based on the salary you would have received if you were not on leave.\n\n## Maternity and other parental leave\n\nYou and your employer will continue to make pension contributions if you\u2019re getting paid during maternity leave.\n\nIf you\u2019re not getting paid, your employer still has to make pension contributions in the first 26 weeks of your leave (\u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019). They have to carry on making contributions afterwards if it\u2019s in your contract. Check your employer\u2019s maternity policy.\n\n## Unpaid leave\n\nYou may be able to make contributions if you want to - check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.\n\n## If you become self-employed or stop working\n\nYou may be able to carry on contributing to your workplace pension - ask the scheme provider.\n\nYou could use the National Employment Saving Trust (NEST) - a workplace pension scheme that working self-employed people or sole directors of limited companies can use.\n\nYou could set up a personal or stakeholder pension.\n\nYou can get help with your workplace pension options.\n\n## If you want to leave your workplace pension scheme\n\nWhat you do if you want to leave a workplace pension depends on whether you\u2019ve been \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019 in it or not.\n\n## If you have not been automatically enrolled\n\nCheck with your employer - they\u2019ll tell you what to do.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled\n\nYour employer will have sent you a letter telling you that you\u2019ve been added to the scheme.\n\nYou can leave (called \u2018opting out\u2019) if you want to.\n\nIf you opt out within a month of your employer adding you to the scheme, you\u2019ll get back any money you\u2019ve already paid in.\n\nYou may not be able to get your payments refunded if you opt out later - they\u2019ll usually stay in your pension until you retire.\n\nYou can opt out by contacting your pension provider. Your employer must tell you how to do this.\n\n## Reducing your payments\n\nYou may be able to reduce the amount you contribute to your workplace pension for a short time. Check with both your employer and your pension provider to see if you can do this and how long you can do it for.\n\n## Opting back in\n\nYou can do this at any time by writing to your employer. They do not have to accept you back into their workplace scheme if you\u2019ve opted in and then opted out in the past 12 months.\n\n## Rejoining the scheme automatically\n\nYour employer will automatically re-enrol you in the scheme. They must do this either every 3 years (from the date you first enrolled), or they can choose to do it sooner. They\u2019ll write to you when they do this.\n\n## When you do not rejoin automatically\n\nIf you no longer qualify for the scheme, you will not be automatically re-enrolled.\n\nIf you chose to leave the scheme in the 12 months before the date you would have been re-enrolled, your employer does not have to automatically re-enrol you. But they can choose to re-enrol you.\n\n## Get help\n\nFor questions about the specific terms of your workplace pension scheme, talk to your pension provider or your employer.\n\nYou can get free, impartial information about your workplace pension options from:\n\n- the Money Advice Service\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\n- Pension Wise if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme\n\nYou can get impartial advice about workplace pensions from an independent financial adviser. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for the advice.\n\nFor general questions on workplace pensions contact the DWP Workplace Pension Information Line.\n\nOnly use the information line if you\u2019re a worker - employers should contact The Pensions Regulator.\n\n## Problems with being \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019\n\nContact the The Pensions Regulator if you have concerns about the way your employer is dealing with automatic enrolment.\n\nThe Pensions Advisory Service may also be able to help you.\n\n## If you\u2019re already paying into a personal pension\n\nCheck whether it\u2019s better for you to:\n\n- carry on with just your personal pension\n\n- stop paying into your personal pension and join your workplace pension\n\n- keep paying into both\n\n## If you\u2019re saving large amounts in pensions\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge if your total savings in workplace pensions and any other personal pension scheme go above your:\n\n- lifetime allowance - \u00a31,055,000\n\n- annual allowance - usually the lowest out of \u00a340,000 or 100% of your annual income\n\nIf you start taking your pension pot your annual allowance could drop to as low as \u00a34,000.\n\n## If your pension scheme is closing\n\nThis can happen if your employer decides they do not want to use a scheme anymore or they can no longer pay their contributions. What happens to the money you paid in depends on the pension scheme you\u2019ve joined.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled, your employer cannot close a pension scheme without automatically enrolling you into another one.\n\n## If you\u2019re getting a divorce\n\nYou and your spouse or partner will have to tell the court the value of each of your pension pots. You then have different options to work out what happens to your pension when you get a divorce.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just started a job which I enjoy but do not intend to keep for life. I have been told that I am being enrolled in a work place pension scheme even though I did not ask to be and do not really want to be", + "original_question": "Am I obliged to have a pension with this job even though I did not intend to?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2095", + "question": "Scenario: I own a home and energy bills are always high. When I hired a engineer to assess why my energy bills are high. He mentioned the problem is because of insulation. I can't afford to replace the insulation. These energy improvements have been recommended in my Green Deal assessment.\n\nQuestion: Can I get a loan to replace the insulation ?\n\nDocument - Green Deal: energy saving for your home:\n## Overview\n\nThe Green Deal helps you make energy-saving improvements to your home and to find the best way to pay for them.\n\nThe improvements that could save you the most energy depend on your home, but typical examples include:\n\n- insulation, such as solid wall, cavity wall or loft insulation\n\n- heating\n\n- draught-proofing\n\n- double glazing\n\n- renewable energy generation, such as solar panels or heat pumps\n\n## If you need help paying for home improvements\n\nYou may be able to get a loan through the Green Deal, but you\u2019ll have to pay this back.\n\n## Find out if your home will benefit\n\nThere are various ways to check if your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements:\n\n- use the Energy Efficiency Calculator to find out how you can reduce your energy bills\n\n- check which home energy grants you might be able to apply for\n\n- talk to a Green Deal assessor or provider\n\nThe Green Deal may be right for you if you think your property could benefit from energy-saving improvements.\n\nYou can also talk to Simple Energy Advice if you\u2019re in England or Wales, or Home Energy Scotland if you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nFind out about call charges\n\nThe Green Deal is not available in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Green Deal mark\n\nAll Green Deal organisations must be authorised. Look for the quality mark, which is a green house with a tick on the roof.\n\nYou can also check if a Green Deal company is genuine.\n\n## Improvements and benefits to your home\n\nAny household with an electricity meter (including prepayment meters) in England, Scotland or Wales can use the scheme.\n\nBoth the landlord and the tenant must agree to the improvements if the building is rented.\n\n## Eligible improvements\n\nYou can use the Green Deal for a range of different energy saving measures including:\n\n- replacing windows and doors\n\n- installing secondary glazing\n\n- using energy efficient lighting\n\n- insulating your loft or walls\n\n- adding draught proofing\n\n- upgrading your heating\n\n- generating renewable energy from sources such as wind or solar power\n\nBut only if your Green Deal assessment recommends them.\n\n## Get an assessment\n\nYou must get your property assessed to use the Green Deal. Contact a Green Deal assessor or ask a Green Deal provider to find an assessor for you.\n\nYou may have to pay for an assessment. The assessor must tell you the fee in advance.\n\n## What to expect from an assessment\n\nA Green Deal assessor will visit your home, talk to you about your property and your energy use and help you decide if you could benefit from Green Deal improvements.\n\n## When you book\n\nYou may be asked if:\n\n- you own or rent the property\n\n- your home is a listed building, in a conservation area, built before 1900 or constructed in a non-traditional way\n\n- there are access issues, such as access to your loft\n\n- you can provide bills showing your recent energy use\n\n## When the assessor visits\n\nYou may be asked:\n\n- how many people live in your home\n\n- what type of heating and appliances you use\n\n- how often you use your heating\n\n- what energy-saving measures are already installed\n\n## After the visit\n\nYou\u2019ll get a document, called a Green Deal advice report, that contains:\n\n- an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) that rates your home for energy efficiency\n\n- an occupancy assessment that measures how much energy you and other occupiers are using\n\n- improvements your assessor recommends\n\n- an estimate of the money you could save on your annual energy bills\n\n- a statement on whether the improvements will pay for themselves through reduced energy costs\n\nA Green Deal advice report is valid for 10 years, or until you make changes or energy saving improvements to the property, for example you build an extension or change the windows.\n\nThe actual savings will depend on how much energy you use and the future cost of energy.\n\n## What to do next\n\nYou decide:\n\n- if you want to get the work done\n\n- how you want to pay\n\n## Getting the work done\n\nHow you decide to get the work done will affect your options for how you pay for the work.\n\nAfter you get a Green Deal advice report, you can:\n\n- ask a Green Deal provider to arrange installation and pay for the work yourself\n\n- ask a Green Deal provider to arrange installation and a Green Deal finance plan to pay for the work\n\n- get your own installers to fit the improvements and pay for them yourself\n\n- pay for the work in more than one way, like using a Green Deal finance plan or money of your own\n\nSome companies provide all the services for a Green Deal package - assessment, finance and installation. You can choose to use a different company for each service.\n\n## Get a quote\n\nGive a provider or installer your Green Deal advice report.\n\nProviders will give you a quote and arrange the installers for you. Installers will quote to do the work themselves. A quote from a provider will include the repayment terms if you\u2019re paying with a finance plan.\n\nYou can get more than one quote and you can choose which improvements you want.\n\nYou can ask the provider or installer if you or your property qualify to combine the Green Deal with these other schemes:\n\n- Affordable Warmth Obligation - help from your energy company to improve your home if you\u2019re on certain benefits or a low income, or for certain hard-to-treat properties\n\n- Feed-in Tariffs - payments from your energy provider if you generate your own electricity (such as through solar panels or a wind turbine)\n\n- Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) - payments for generation and use of renewable energy to heat buildings\n\n- any scheme run by your Local Authority - contact your Local Authority for information\n\n## Agree the work\n\nPick the provider or installer you want to do the work.\n\nThe provider will write you a contract called a Green Deal finance plan if you choose to pay with Green Deal finance. The plan will contain:\n\n- an outline of the work that will be done\n\n- any financial help you can get from other schemes\n\n- the repayments and interest rate\n\n- information on other incentives you can access, such as Feed-in Tarrifs\n\n- information on warranties and guarantees\n\nYour Green Deal repayments will be automatically added to your electricity bill if you have chosen to take Green Deal finance.\n\n## Complaints\n\nYou can complain about your Green Deal.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay in advance, get a Green Deal finance plan, or use other schemes to fund the work. You can also combine ways to pay.\n\n## Getting a Green Deal finance plan\n\nFinance plans are offered by approved Green Deal providers.\n\nGive your Green Deal assessment to providers you want to get a quote from.\n\nYour provider will find an installer for you.\n\nYou can only get a finance plan for improvements recommended in your Green Deal assessment.\n\nEach provider must tell you:\n\n- how much you\u2019ll pay back\n\n- how long you\u2019ll pay for\n\n## What you can borrow and how much you\u2019ll pay\n\nYou can get finance for an amount based on what you\u2019ll be expected to save on your energy bills.\n\nThe annual repayments on the loan should not be more than the savings you might make on your energy bills.\n\nThere\u2019s no set interest rate. Your interest rate will be determined by the amount of your finance plan. Check with your provider for rates and fees.\n\nThe interest rate is fixed for the full term of the plan so your repayments will be fixed.\n\n## How you pay\n\nYou pay back the loan through a charge added to your electricity bill. If you have a prepayment meter, a small amount will be taken from the meter each day.\n\nThis is because the Green Deal stays with the property. If you move, you no longer benefit from the improvements and therefore stop paying for them.\n\nYou can pay off your Green Deal early, but you might be charged a fee - check with your provider.\n\n## Moving into a property with a Green Deal\n\nIf you move into a property with a Green Deal, the landlord or seller must show you a copy of the Energy Performance Certificate (EPC). This will explain what improvements have been made and how much you\u2019ll need to repay.\n\nThe person who pays the electricity bill pays the money back.\n\nYou can change electricity supplier if the new supplier is participating in the Green Deal.\n\n## Get more information\n\nContact the Green Deal provider if you have specific questions about the improvements, warranties or repayments.\n\nYou can get general information from Simple Energy Advice if you\u2019re in England or Wales, or Home Energy Scotland if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\nFind out about call charges", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/green-deal-energy-saving-measures", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a home and energy bills are always high. When I hired a engineer to assess why my energy bills are high. He mentioned the problem is because of insulation. I can't afford to replace the insulation. These energy improvements have been recommended in my Green Deal assessment.", + "original_question": "Can I get a loan to replace the insulation ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2097", + "question": "Scenario: Our father died recently without leaving a will. My siblings and I do not trust our step-mother to act as estate administrator and we would prefer it if one of his children could handle this instead. My father and step-mother were married at the time of his death.\n\nQuestion: Can children stop a step-parent from handling their deceased parent's probate affairs?\n\nDocument - Applying for probate:\n## Overview\n\nApplying for the legal right to deal with someone\u2019s property, money and possessions (their \u2018estate\u2019) when they die is called \u2018applying for probate\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a document that allows you to start dealing with the estate. If the person left a will you\u2019ll get either:\n\n- a \u2018grant of probate\u2019\n\n- \u2018letters of administration with will annexed\u2019 (if the will does not name an executor or the named executor is unable to apply)\n\nIf the person did not leave a will, you\u2019ll get \u2018letters of administration\u2019.\n\nThis guide and the service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThe process is different in Scotland and different in Northern Ireland.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process.\n\n## When probate is not needed\n\nYou may not need probate if the person who died:\n\n- had jointly owned land, property, shares or money - these will automatically pass to the surviving owners\n\n- only had savings or premium bonds\n\nContact each asset holder (for example a bank or mortgage company) to find out if you\u2019ll need probate to get access to their assets. Every organisation has its own rules.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nOnly certain people can apply for probate to deal with the estate of someone who died. It depends on whether the person who died left a will.\n\nA will states what should happen to a person\u2019s property and belongings (\u2018estate\u2019) after they die. It\u2019s usually valid if it\u2019s been signed by the person who made it and 2 witnesses.\n\n## If there\u2019s a will\n\nYou can apply for probate if you\u2019re named in the will, or in an update to the will (a \u2018codicil\u2019), as an \u2018executor\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll need the original will and any updates to apply for probate. These must be original documents, not photocopies.\n\nIf you do not want to apply for probate, fill in a form to give up executor rights.\n\nFind out what to do if you\u2019re an executor.\n\n## If the person did not leave a will\n\nThe \u2018administrator\u2019 deals with the estate.\n\nYou can apply to become the estate\u2019s administrator if you are 18 or over and you are the most \u2018entitled\u2019 inheritor of the deceased\u2019s estate. This is usually the deceased\u2019s closest living relative.\n\nRelatives are the most entitled inheritors in the following order:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner (including if they were separated)\n\n- children (including legally adopted children but not step-children)\n\n- grandchildren\n\n- great-grandchildren\n\n- parents\n\n- brothers and sisters\n\n- nieces and nephews\n\n- half-brothers and half-sisters\n\n- half-nieces and half-nephews (the children of the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased)\n\n- grandparents\n\n- aunts and uncles\n\n- cousins\n\n- half-aunts and half-uncles (the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased\u2019s parent)\n\n- half-cousins (the children of the half-brothers and half-sisters of the deceased\u2019s parent)\n\nTo apply, follow the same steps as applying for probate.\n\nYou\u2019ll receive \u2018letters of administration\u2019 to prove you have the legal right to deal with the estate.\n\nYou cannot apply if you\u2019re the partner of the person but were not their spouse or civil partner when they died. You\u2019re not automatically entitled to any of their estate, unless you\u2019re able to make changes to the inheritance.\n\n## If you do not want to apply\n\nIf you\u2019re the most entitled inheritor and you do not want to apply to be the administrator, you can either:\n\n- appoint an attorney to act on your behalf - fill in an attorney form or set up a signed enduring power of attorney (EPA) or registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) and get the attorney to send this in with the probate application\n\n- nominate up to 2 people to be the next most entitled inheritor - fill in an \u2018intestate\u2019 form and send it to HMCTS Probate\n\n## Work out who inherits\n\nThe law decides who inherits the estate if there\u2019s no will. Work out who will inherit.\n\nYou\u2019ll need this information to report the estate\u2019s value and find out if there\u2019s Inheritance Tax to pay.\n\nInheritance laws may be different if you live in an EU country.\n\n## Stopping a probate application\n\nIf there\u2019s a dispute, you can challenge an application for probate (\u2018enter a caveat\u2019), before it\u2019s granted.\n\nFind out how to stop a probate application.\n\n## If you\u2019re an executor\n\nAn executor is someone named in a will as responsible for sorting out the estate of the person who\u2019s died.\n\nThe person who died will normally have told you if you\u2019re an executor. You\u2019ll need the original will to apply for probate.\n\n## Find the original will\n\nThe person who died should have told all the executors where to find the original will and any updates, for example:\n\n- at their house\n\n- with a probate practitioner, such as a solicitor\n\n- at the Newcastle District Probate Registry - you\u2019ll need the death certificate and evidence you\u2019re the executor\n\nGet help from a probate practitioner or Citizens Advice if you cannot understand a will or codicil.\n\nIf you cannot find the original will, you\u2019ll need to fill in a lost will form.\n\nIf there\u2019s more than one will, only the most recent will is valid. Do not destroy any copies of earlier wills until you\u2019ve received probate.\n\nAn executor only receives assets if they\u2019re also named as a beneficiary.\n\n## If there\u2019s more than one executor\n\nIf more than one person is named as an executor, you must all agree who makes the application for probate.\n\nUp to 4 executors can be named on the application.\n\nIf only one executor is named on the application they\u2019ll need to prove that they tried to contact all executors named in the will before they applied.\n\nIf you\u2019re having problems finding the other executors, you can contact the Probate Call Centre.\n\nThe Probate Call Centre cannot help with disagreements between executors. You\u2019ll need to find another way to reach an agreement - this could mean getting legal advice.\n\n## If you do not want to or cannot be an executor\n\nThe will may name a replacement executor for someone who becomes \u2018unwilling or unable\u2019 to deal with the estate.\n\nIf no executors are willing or able to apply for probate, fill in a form to give up executor rights and send it to HMCTS Probate.\n\n## You do not want to be an executor\n\nYou can do one of the following:\n\n- completely give up your right to apply for probate (\u2018renunciation\u2019) - fill in a form to give up executor rights and send it with the probate application form\n\n- reserve your right to apply for probate later if another executor cannot deal with the estate (holding \u2018power reserved\u2019)\n\n- appoint an attorney to act on your behalf - fill in an attorney form or set up a signed enduring power of attorney (EPA) or registered lasting power of attorney (LPA) and send it with the probate application\n\n## When an executor is unable to apply for probate\n\nA replacement executor should apply for probate if the executor is unable to, for example because:\n\n- they\u2019ve died\n\n- they do not have \u2018mental capacity\u2019 - get a doctor to fill in a mental capacity form and send it with the probate application\n\n## Apply for probate\n\nYou can apply for probate yourself online or by post, or pay a probate practitioner (such as a solicitor) to do it for you.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), probate applications are taking up to 8 weeks to process. It\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.\n\nThis guide and the service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Before you apply\n\n- Check if you need probate.\n\n- Check if you can apply for probate.\n\n- You must estimate and report the estate\u2019s value before you apply for probate.\n\n- You must find out whether you need to pay Inheritance Tax. If you do have to pay it, send the appropriate forms to HMRC and wait 20 working days before applying for probate.\n\n- You must have the original will if you\u2019re the executor (you do not need it if you\u2019re an administrator). You must also have the original death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner.\n\n## If you need to pay Inheritance Tax\n\nYou normally have to pay at least some of the tax before you\u2019ll get probate. You can claim the tax back from the estate, if you pay it out of your own bank account.\n\n## Probate application fees\n\nYou may have to pay a fee to apply for probate. Whether you need to pay depends on the value of the estate.\n\nIf the value of the estate is over \u00a35,000, the application fee is \u00a3215. You may be able to get help to pay the probate fee and other court fees if you have a low income or are on certain benefits.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if the estate is \u00a35,000 or less.\n\nExtra copies of the probate cost \u00a31.50 each. This means you can send them to different organisations at the same time.\n\n## If the will has been changed or damaged\n\nYou must include a cover letter if the will or any additions have changed in any way since you\u2019ve had them. This includes them being damaged or separated for photocopying.\n\nThe letter should explain what\u2019s been changed and why.\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nIf you\u2019ve not yet applied and have a question about applying for probate, contact the Courts and Tribunals Service Centre:\n\n## If you\u2019re a probate practitioner\n\nYou should apply for probate for your client using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\n## Apply for probate online\n\nYou can use this service if you\u2019re the executor or administrator and you:\n\n- have the original will and any additions to it (\u2018codicils\u2019) if you\u2019re the executor (you do not need these if you\u2019re an administrator)\n\n- have the original death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner\n\n- have already reported the estate\u2019s value\n\n- have submitted tax forms to HMRC and waited 20 working days, if you need to pay Inheritance Tax\n\nThe person who died must have lived in England or Wales most of the time.\n\nThe probate registry will keep the original will and any additions to it. If you make a copy of these for your records, do not remove any staples or bindings from them.\n\nApply for probate\n\nReturn to an existing probate application.\n\n## Apply for probate by post\n\nThe form you need to fill in depends on whether the person left a will or not.\n\nFill in application form PA1P if there is a will.\n\nFill in application form PA1A if there is not a will.\n\nBecause of COVID-19, it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to apply for probate if you can.\n\nYou need to pay before you send the form.\n\nYou can pay by either:\n\n- calling the Courts and Tribunals Service Centre to pay by credit or debit card - you\u2019ll be given a reference number to send with your documents\n\n- sending a cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your documents\n\nSend your completed form to HMCTS Probate with the following documents:\n\n- the original will and any additions to it (\u2018codicils\u2019)\n\n- the death certificate or an interim death certificate from the coroner\n\nUse a signed-for or tracked postal service that will deliver to PO boxes to send your documents.\n\nThe death certificate will be returned to you but the will and any additions to it will not be. If you make a copy of the will and any of its additions for your own records, do not remove any staples or bindings from them.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get the grant of probate or letters of administration within 8 weeks of sending in your original documents. If you ordered copies of these documents for use outside the UK, these will take longer to arrive.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications.\n\nYou should not make any financial plans or put property on the market until you have received the grant of probate or letters of administration.\n\nIf there\u2019s anything wrong with the grant of probate (or letters of administration), return it to the district probate registry listed on the grant or letters.\n\nSend a copy to organisations that hold the assets of the person who died, for example their bank.\n\nOnce you have probate you can start dealing with the estate.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/applying-for-probate", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Our father died recently without leaving a will. My siblings and I do not trust our step-mother to act as estate administrator and we would prefer it if one of his children could handle this instead. My father and step-mother were married at the time of his death.", + "original_question": "Can children stop a step-parent from handling their deceased parent's probate affairs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2100", + "question": "Scenario: I am a widow and my late husband died during a war while serving in the British army in 1991. I receive war pension benefits. My daughter is attending for a full time Bachelor in Pharmacy at Bristol University. My daughter is 17 years old.\n\nQuestion: Can my daughter qualify for the scholarship?\n\nDocument - Scholarships for children whose parent died in service:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for help with the costs of further and higher education if all of the following are true:\n\n- one of your parents died as a result of their service in the armed forces\n\n- your parent died on or after 1 January 1990\n\n- you\u2019re 16 or over and in full-time education\n\n- you or a surviving parent receive bereavement benefits from the Armed Forces Compensation scheme, War Pension scheme or Armed Forces Attributable Benefits scheme\n\nYou cannot apply if you were the foster child of the person who died.\n\n## What you can use the scholarship for\n\nYou can use the money to pay tuition fees and your maintenance for:\n\n- a further education course of up to 3 years\n\n- your first undergraduate course at a UK university or other higher education institution (such as a college or art school) - this can include study abroad if it\u2019s part of the course\n\n- a higher level technical education course at qualification levels 4, 5 or 6\n\nIf you\u2019re unsure about the type of course ask the college or university you want to apply to.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nIn the 2018 to 2019 academic year you can apply for up to:\n\n- \u00a31,500 for a further education course\n\n- \u00a39,250 for tuition fees and \u00a34,950 for a Maintenance Grant for a higher education or higher level technical education course\n\nIf you\u2019re studying in Scotland, Northern Ireland or Wales, you can apply for up to \u00a39,000 for tuition fees and \u00a34,950 for a Maintenance Grant.\n\n## How the payments are made\n\nPayments are made 3 times a year no later than:\n\n- 31 October\n\n- 31 January\n\n- 30 April\n\nYour college or university must have confirmed that you\u2019re registered for a course and attending before any payment is sent.\n\nPayments can be backdated in some circumstances, for example you become eligible for a scholarship and apply while studying.\n\nFurther education scholarships are paid to either you or your parent or guardian.\n\nUniversity and other higher education scholarships are paid directly to you.\n\nAll scholarships are tax free.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the bereavement scholarship scheme application.\n\nPost your application to the address on the form.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for a higher education scholarship (for example, an undergraduate degree from a UK university), also include:\n\n- a letter from the college or university confirming that you\u2019ve accepted their offer of a place\n\n- proof of the fees, for example a photocopy of your tuition fees invoice\n\n## Deadlines\n\nVeterans UK must receive your application by 31 January in the academic year of your further education or university course.\n\nYou can apply from 1 April in the academic year you\u2019ll begin studying.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Veterans UK Scheme Administrator will get in touch to confirm whether you\u2019re eligible for the scholarship you\u2019ve applied for.\n\nHow long it takes to find out if you\u2019re eligible depends on the evidence you provide with your application.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for a university or higher education scholarship\n\nRegister with the Student Loans Company to ensure you\u2019re charged UK student fees for your course.\n\n## Appeals\n\nIf you disagree with the decision you must appeal to Veterans UK in writing.\n\n## Help with your application\n\nContact the Veterans UK helpline if you have any questions about the scholarships, for example what you need to do to apply or how to fill out the application form.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/support-military-bereaved-children", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a widow and my late husband died during a war while serving in the British army in 1991. I receive war pension benefits. My daughter is attending for a full time Bachelor in Pharmacy at Bristol University. My daughter is 17 years old.", + "original_question": "Can my daughter qualify for the scholarship?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2103", + "question": "Scenario: I own and run a SME employing just over 50 people. One of my long-term employees has given notice that she intends to claim both statutory maternity leave and statutory maternity pay, but so far has not provided proof of pregnancy. I have not received proof for 14 weeks.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to grant her SMP and SML requests if she doesn't provide this evidence by her SML start date?\n\nDocument - Statutory Maternity Pay and Leave: employer guide:\n## Entitlement\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nEligible employees can take up to 52 weeks\u2019 maternity leave. The first 26 weeks is known as \u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019, the last 26 weeks as \u2018Additional Maternity Leave\u2019.\n\nThe earliest that leave can be taken is 11 weeks before the expected week of childbirth, unless the baby is born early.\n\nEmployees must take at least 2 weeks after the birth (or 4 weeks if they\u2019re a factory worker).\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nSMP for eligible employees can be paid for up to 39 weeks, usually as follows:\n\n- the first 6 weeks: 90% of their average weekly earnings (AWE) before tax\n\n- the remaining 33 weeks: \u00a3151.97 or 90% of their AWE (whichever is lower)\n\nTax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nUse the SMP calculator to work out an employee\u2019s maternity leave and pay.\n\nSome employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nYou can offer more than the statutory amounts if you have a company maternity scheme. You must make sure your maternity leave and pay policies are clear and available to staff.\n\n## If the baby is born early\n\nLeave starts the day after the birth if the baby is born early.\n\nThe employee must give you the child\u2019s birth certificate or a document signed by a doctor or midwife that confirms the actual date of birth.\n\nYou must write to them confirming the new end date for their leave.\n\nFor very premature births where the child is born 15 weeks or more before the due date, you\u2019ll need to calculate SMP using your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.\n\n## If the baby dies\n\nEmployees still qualify for leave or pay if the baby:\n\n- is stillborn after the start of the 24th week of pregnancy\n\n- dies after being born\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during maternity leave.\n\nYou still have to pay SMP even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility and proof of pregnancy\n\nSome employees will not qualify for both leave and pay.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- have an employment contract - it does not matter how long they\u2019ve worked for you\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- be on your payroll in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019 - the 15th week before the expected week of childbirth\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- give you proof they\u2019re pregnant\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the qualifying week\n\n- earn at least \u00a3120 a week (gross) in an 8-week \u2018relevant period\u2019\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nUse the maternity pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their relevant period, notice period and statutory maternity pay.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations (for example if they leave, become sick or their baby is born before the qualifying week).\n\n## Proof of pregnancy\n\nYou must get proof of the pregnancy before you pay SMP. This is usually a doctor\u2019s letter or a maternity certificate (known as an MATB1 certificate). Midwives and doctors usually issue these 20 weeks before the due date.\n\nThe employee should give you proof within 21 days of the SMP start date. You can agree to accept it later if you want. You do not have to pay SMP if you have not received proof of the due date 13 weeks after the SMP start date.\n\nYou must keep records of the proof of pregnancy.\n\nEmployees not entitled to SMP may be able to get Maternity Allowance instead.\n\n## Notice period\n\nNotice does not have to be in writing unless you request it.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Leave\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the baby is expected, your employees must tell you the date that:\n\n- the baby is due\n\n- they want to start their maternity leave - they can change this with 28 days\u2019 notice\n\nYou must then confirm their leave start and end dates in writing within 28 days.\n\nEmployees can change their return to work date if they give 8 weeks\u2019 notice.\n\nYou cannot refuse maternity leave or change the amount of leave your employees want to take.\n\n## Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP)\n\nYour employees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice of the date they want to start their SMP. This is usually the same date they want to start their leave.\n\nYou can refuse to pay SMP if your employee does not give you this notice and they do not give you a reasonable excuse.\n\n## Refuse pay form SMP1\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Maternity Pay (SMP) if the employee does not qualify. They may be able to get Maternity Allowance instead.\n\nTo refuse it, give the employee the SMP1 form within 7 days of your decision. They must get this form within 28 days of their request for Statutory Maternity Pay or the birth (whichever is earlier).\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- proof of pregnancy - usually a doctor\u2019s note or a MATB1 certificate (a photocopy is fine)\n\n- the date SMP began\n\n- your SMP payments (including dates)\n\n- the SMP you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to, for example by using form SMP2 or keeping your own records.\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own and run a SME employing just over 50 people. One of my long-term employees has given notice that she intends to claim both statutory maternity leave and statutory maternity pay, but so far has not provided proof of pregnancy. I have not received proof for 14 weeks.", + "original_question": "Do I have to grant her SMP and SML requests if she doesn't provide this evidence by her SML start date?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2105", + "question": "Scenario: I have just sold my house for more than I bought it for 5 years ago. I want know the amount of capital gains tax I am supposed to pay HMRC. The house had been bought to let out to tenants.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to pay capital gains tax?\n\nDocument - Tax when you sell property:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:\n\n- buy-to-let properties\n\n- business premises\n\n- land\n\n- inherited property\n\nThere are different rules if you:\n\n- sell your home\n\n- live abroad\n\n- are a company registered abroad\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## When you do not pay\n\nYou do not usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou may get tax relief if the property is a business asset.\n\nIf the property was occupied by a dependent relative you may not have to pay. Find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief.\n\n## If you need to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your property and the amount you got when you sold (or \u2018disposed of\u2019) it.\n\nIf your combined capital gains are over your allowance for the year you\u2019ll have to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\n## Market value\n\nIn some situations you should use the market value of the property when working out your gain. Do this if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited it (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\n## Selling in special circumstances\n\nThere are special rules for calculating your gain if:\n\n- you live abroad\n\n- you sell a lease or part of your land\n\n- your property is compulsorily purchased\n\n## Jointly owned property\n\nIf you own property jointly with other people, work out the gain for the share that you own.\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:\n\n- estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees\n\n- costs of improvement works, for example for an extension (normal maintenance costs, such as decorating, do not count)\n\n## Reliefs\n\nYou may get tax relief if the property was:\n\n- your home\n\n- a business asset\n\n- occupied by a dependent relative - find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nOnce you know what your gain on the property is, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou cannot use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold land\n\n- sold business premises\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares\n\n- reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own\n\n- claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax on property\n\n## If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\n## Businesses\n\nYou may get tax relief if you sell property that you use for business. This may reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you pay.\n\nIf the purpose of your business is to buy and sell property (you\u2019re a property developer, for example) you do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell a property. Instead, you pay:\n\n- Income Tax - if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner\n\n- Corporation Tax - if you\u2019re a limited company\n\nThere are special rules for limited companies that dispose of a single residential property worth more than \u00a32 million.\n\n## Selling overseas property\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax when you \u2018dispose of\u2019 overseas property if you\u2019re resident in the UK.\n\nThere are special rules if you\u2019re resident in the UK but your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\nYou may also have to pay tax in the country you made the gain. If you\u2019re taxed twice, you may be able to claim relief.\n\n## If you\u2019re non-resident\n\nNon-residents may have to pay UK tax on overseas property if they return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just sold my house for more than I bought it for 5 years ago. I want know the amount of capital gains tax I am supposed to pay HMRC. The house had been bought to let out to tenants.", + "original_question": "Do I have to pay capital gains tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2106", + "question": "Scenario: From 2020 to 2021 i was a care worker but also director of the company. Our Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for all combined Payrolls were \u00a390,000. The care work I do is entirely private.\n\nQuestion: Can I main a claim for Employment allowance?\n\nDocument - Employment Allowance:\n## What you'll get\n\nEmployment Allowance allows eligible employers to reduce their annual National Insurance liability by up to \u00a34,000.\n\nYou\u2019ll pay less employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance each time you run your payroll until the \u00a34,000 has gone or the tax year ends (whichever is sooner).\n\nYou can only claim against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability up to a maximum of \u00a34,000 each tax year. You can still claim the allowance if your liability was less than \u00a34,000 a year.\n\n## Check if you're eligible\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance if you\u2019re a business or charity (including community amateur sports clubs) and your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities were less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year.\n\nYou can also claim if you employ a care or support worker.\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year. Some of the rules for claiming are different.\n\n## If you\u2019re part of a group\n\nIf you\u2019re part of a group of charities or companies (also known as connected companies), the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for the group must be less than \u00a3100,000.\n\nOnly one company in the group can claim the allowance.\n\n## If you have more than one payroll\n\nIf you have or had more than one employer PAYE reference, the total employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for your combined payrolls must be less than \u00a3100,000 in the previous tax year\n\nYou can only claim Employment Allowance against one of the payrolls.\n\n## Off-payroll salary payments\n\nDo not include employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities on payments you make to off-payroll workers in your calculations. These are known as deemed payments. They do not count towards the \u00a3100,000 threshold.\n\n## Check if de minimis state aid rules apply to you\n\nIf you make or sell goods or services, Employment Allowance counts as \u2018de minimis state aid\u2019. There\u2019s a limit to how much de minimis state aid you can get.\n\nYou must:\n\n- check that you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold\n\n- work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received\n\nYou must do this even if you do not make a profit.\n\nYou do not have to do this if you do not make or sell goods or services, for example you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.\n\n## Check you\u2019re within the de minimis state aid threshold\n\nEmployment Allowance counts towards the total de minimis state aid you\u2019re allowed to get over a 3 year period.\n\nYou must make sure you will not exceed the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.\n\nDe minimis state aid and the relevant thresholds are worked out in euros.\n\n| Sector | De minimis state aid threshold over 3 years |\n\n| Agriculture products sector | \u20ac20,000 |\n\n| Fisheries and aquaculture sector | \u20ac30,000 |\n\n| Road freight transport sector | \u20ac100,000 |\n\n| Industrial sector\u202f\u202f/ other | \u20ac200,000 |\n\n## Work out how much de minimis state aid you\u2019ve received\n\n- Check if you\u2019ve received any de minimis state aid - if so, you should have been told in writing.\n\n- Add the total amount of de minimis state aid that you\u2019ve received or been allocated for the current and past 2 tax years.\n\n- Add this to the full amount of Employment Allowance for the year you\u2019re claiming for. You\u2019ll need to convert this into euros using the exchange rate for the end of the previous tax year. If you\u2019re claiming for 2020 to 2021, you\u2019ll need to use the exchange rate on 30 March 2020: \u00a31 to \u20ac1.1249.\n\n- If the total is below the threshold for your sector, you\u2019re eligible to make a claim.\n\nIf you\u2019re a connected company, the total de minimis state aid for all of the companies in the group must be below the de minimis state aid threshold for your sector.\n\nThe rules are different if your business covers more than one sector.\n\n## Who cannot claim Employment Allowance\n\nYou cannot claim if you\u2019re a public body or business doing more than half your work in the public sector (such as local councils and NHS services) - unless you\u2019re a charity.\n\nYou also cannot claim if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a company with only one employee paid above the Class 1 National Insurance secondary threshold\n\n- the employee is also a director of the company\n\nCertain employees cannot be included in your claim, such as:\n\n- someone whose earnings are within IR35 \u2018off-payroll working rules\u2019\n\n- someone you employ for personal, household or domestic work (like a nanny or gardener) - unless they\u2019re a care or support worker\n\n## How to claim\n\nHow you claim depends on whether you use your own payroll software or HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE tools.\n\n## If you use your own software\n\nTo claim through your payroll software, put \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field next time you send an Employment Payment Summary (EPS) to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nIf your payroll software does not have an Employment Payment Summary field, you can use Basic PAYE Tools.\n\n## Select your business sector under \u2018de minimis state aid rules\u2019\n\nYou must select the business sectors that apply to you, even if you do not make a profit.\n\nMost businesses will need to select the \u2018Industrial/other\u2019 category, for example a hair salon or restaurant.\n\nIf you do not make or sell goods or services, choose \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019. For example if you\u2019re a charity, an amateur sports club or if you employ a care worker.\n\n## If you use HMRC\u2019s Basic PAYE Tools\n\n- Select the correct name in the \u2018Employer\u2019 menu on the home page.\n\n- Select \u2018Change employer details\u2019.\n\n- Select \u2018Yes\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field.\n\n- Answer \u2018Yes\u2019 to the \u2018Do state aid rules apply?\u2019 question if you sell goods or services. Select the business sectors that apply to you. Otherwise, answer \u2018No\u2019 and select \u2018State aid rules do not apply\u2019.\n\n- Send your EPS as normal.\n\n## Stopping your claim\n\nIf you stop being eligible, select \u2018No\u2019 in the \u2018Employment Allowance indicator\u2019 field in your next EPS.\n\nDo not select \u2018No\u2019 just because:\n\n- you\u2019ve reached the \u00a34,000 limit before the end of the tax year - this does not make you ineligible\n\n- you\u2019re no longer employing anyone - this allowance will stop at the end of the tax year\n\nIf you stop your claim before the end of the tax year (5 April), any allowance you\u2019ve been given that year will be removed. You\u2019ll have to pay any employers\u2019 (secondary) Class 1 National Insurance due as a result.\n\n## When to claim\n\nYou need to claim Employment Allowance every tax year.\n\nYou can claim at any time in the tax year, but the earlier you claim the sooner you will get the allowance.\n\nIf you claim late and do not use your Employment Allowance against your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities, you\u2019ll have to ask HMRC to do one of the following:\n\n- use any unclaimed allowance at the end of the year to pay any tax or National Insurance you owe (including VAT and Corporation Tax if you do not owe anything on your PAYE bill)\n\n- give you a refund after the end of the tax year if you do not owe anything\n\nYou can see how much Employment Allowance you\u2019ve used in your HMRC online account.\n\n## Claiming for past years\n\nYou can claim Employment Allowance for the previous 4 tax years, dating back to the 2017 to 2018 tax year.\n\nTo claim for past years, it does not matter how much your employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liability was or how much de minimis state aid you received.\n\nThe thresholds for employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance and de minimis state aid do not apply.\n\nEmployment allowance was \u00a33,000 each year between April 2016 and April 2020.\n\n## Further information\n\nRead \u2018Claiming Employment Allowance: further employer guidance\u2019 for more information.\n\n## After you've made a claim\n\nYou can begin using your Employment Allowance as soon you submit your claim.\n\nHMRC will not send you a confirmation letter for your Employment Allowance.\n\nIf your claim is rejected, you will receive an automated message from HMRC within 5 working days.\n\nYou may need to tell HMRC if last year\u2019s employers\u2019 Class 1 National Insurance liabilities included deemed payments, taking you over the \u00a3100,000 threshold.\n\n## When your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid\n\nIf you have selected a business sector in your claim, HMRC will send a letter stating that your Employment Allowance counts as de minimis state aid.\n\nYou must keep this letter as you may need it if you apply for other de minimis state aid.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/claim-employment-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "From 2020 to 2021 i was a care worker but also director of the company. Our Class 1 National Insurance liabilities for all combined Payrolls were \u00a390,000. The care work I do is entirely private.", + "original_question": "Can I main a claim for Employment allowance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2108", + "question": "Scenario: I am a medical student currently studying at an English university and living nearby. The next year of my course will involve a placement in Germany for 3 months out of the 12. I will be spend three quarters of the academic year in Germany.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim travel expenses for the overseas placement?\n\nDocument - Studying abroad: travel grants for students (England):\n## Overview\n\nYou may get a grant to cover some of your travel expenses if you normally live in England and:\n\n- you\u2019re studying abroad as part of your course, or on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement\n\n- you\u2019re a medical or dental student studying abroad or attending a clinical placement in the UK\n\nYou do not have to pay back a travel grant. There are rules on eligibility and how much you\u2019ll get.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process if you\u2019re a student from Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe amount you get depends on your total household income. This means your income, if you have one, combined with that of your parents or guardians, or spouse or partner if you live with them. Do not count income from other family members you live with.\n\nYou must pay the \ufb01rst \u00a3303 of your travel costs - and your travel grant will be reduced by \u00a31 for each \u00a38.73 of household income over \u00a339,796.\n\nKeep your travel costs as low as possible without being impractical.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\nYou can apply for:\n\n- up to 3 return journeys between your home and the overseas institution during a full academic year abroad\n\n- help with essential expenses, medical insurance and travel visas\n\nYou may be able to apply for your children\u2019s travel costs if you\u2019re a single parent.\n\n## Medical or dental students doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nYou can apply for travel costs between your home and the hospital or facility where you\u2019re doing your placement.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour permanent home address must be in England.\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\nYou must attend an overseas institution for at least half of each academic term. This period of study can be compulsory or optional.\n\nYou can also get a travel grant if you\u2019re on an Erasmus study or Erasmus work placement. Other work placements do not count.\n\n## If you\u2019re doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nThe placement must be an essential part of your medical or dental course. You will not get a travel grant if you\u2019re eligible for means-tested bursaries or awards from the Department of Health.\n\nYou can apply if you get student \ufb01nance that depends on your household income, for example a Maintenance Loan or Maintenance Grant.\n\n## How to apply\n\n## If you\u2019re studying abroad\n\n- Apply for student finance for your study abroad using your student finance account. You can register and set up an account if you do not already have one.\n\n- You\u2019ll then receive a course abroad form.\n\n- Once you\u2019ve filled in and returned the form, you\u2019ll automatically receive a travel grant form if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nKeep all receipts for any expenses you want to apply for - you\u2019ll need to send copies when you apply.\n\nThe money will be paid direct into your bank account.\n\n## If you\u2019re doing a clinical placement in the UK\n\nAfter applying for student finance for clinical study you\u2019ll automatically receive a travel grant form if you\u2019re eligible.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/travel-grants-students-england", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a medical student currently studying at an English university and living nearby. The next year of my course will involve a placement in Germany for 3 months out of the 12. I will be spend three quarters of the academic year in Germany.", + "original_question": "Can I claim travel expenses for the overseas placement?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2109", + "question": "Scenario: I have received my religious worker Visa to work in a hospice Center in the UK. I am from Ghana. I would like to take some holidays within the year and visit my aging parents in Ghana. My employer has provided me with a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship.\n\nQuestion: Can that be allowed or can i extend it ?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5) if:\n\n- you want to do religious work in a non-pastoral role or religious order\n\n- you meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Religious Worker) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou must have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed sponsor before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nThe work you do in the UK must relate to your sponsor organisation\u2019s work.\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you are applying to extend from inside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend from inside the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a visa to live and work in the UK for up to 24 months, or up to 28 days more than the time on your certificate of sponsorship. You may be sponsored for a shorter period.\n\nYou can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study - for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate\n\n- work for your sponsor in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job in the same sector at the same level as your main job for up to 20 hours per week outside the hours of your main job\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week outside the hours of your main job\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot get public funds.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have both of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a unique reference number that holds information about the job you\u2019ll do and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you the certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYour sponsor must also give you the information they used on your certificate about your job, for example your working hours.\n\nYour sponsor must be recognised by the UK government to issue certificates of sponsorship.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary Worker - Religious Worker visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must continue to meet the eligibility rules.\n\nYou must apply again if you want to change your job within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to take your stay in the UK up to a maximum of 24 months, or the time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days - whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner or children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than one year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee. They must apply before they travel to the UK.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK to extend\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend as a partner\n\n- extend as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply to add them to your visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/religious-worker-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have received my religious worker Visa to work in a hospice Center in the UK. I am from Ghana. I would like to take some holidays within the year and visit my aging parents in Ghana. My employer has provided me with a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship.", + "original_question": "Can that be allowed or can i extend it ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2110", + "question": "Scenario: I am British and I work for an American company called Amazon Mechanical Turk. My earnings are paid in Amazon vouchers which can only be redeemed on the US Amazon site. My earnings will be taxed in the US, whilst my main job is taxed in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Am I obligated to pay tax on my Turk earnings as a foreign source of income, given that it is my only form of income?\n\nDocument - Tax on foreign income:\n## Overview\n\nYou may need to pay UK Income Tax on your foreign income, such as:\n\n- wages if you work abroad\n\n- foreign investment income, for example dividends and savings interest\n\n- rental income on overseas property\n\n- income from pensions held overseas\n\nForeign income is anything from outside England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. The Channel Islands and the Isle of Man are classed as foreign.\n\n## Working out if you need to pay\n\nWhether you need to pay depends on if you\u2019re classed as \u2018resident\u2019 in the UK for tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re not UK resident, you will not have to pay UK tax on your foreign income.\n\nIf you\u2019re UK resident, you\u2019ll normally pay tax on your foreign income. But you may not have to if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Reporting foreign income\n\nIf you need to pay tax, you usually report your foreign income in a Self Assessment tax return. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.\n\n## If your income is taxed in more than one country\n\nYou may be able to claim tax relief if you\u2019re taxed in more than one country.\n\nIf you\u2019ve not yet paid tax on the foreign income, you may need to apply for a certificate of residence to prove you\u2019re eligible for relief.\n\n## UK residence and tax\n\nYour UK residence status affects whether you need to pay tax in the UK on your foreign income.\n\nNon-residents only pay tax on their UK income - they do not pay UK tax on their foreign income.\n\nResidents normally pay UK tax on all their income, whether it\u2019s from the UK or abroad. But there are special rules for UK residents whose permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Work out your residence status\n\nWhether you\u2019re UK resident usually depends on how many days you spend in the UK in the tax year (6 April to 5 April the following year).\n\nYou\u2019re automatically resident if either:\n\n- you spent 183 or more days in the UK in the tax year\n\n- your only home was in the UK - you must have owned, rented or lived in it for at least 91 days in total - and you spent at least 30 days there in the tax year\n\nYou\u2019re automatically non-resident if either:\n\n- you spent fewer than 16 days in the UK (or 46 days if you have not been classed as UK resident for the 3 previous tax years)\n\n- you work abroad full-time (averaging at least 35 hours a week) and spent fewer than 91 days in the UK, of which no more than 30 were spent working\n\n## Get help\n\nIf your situation\u2019s more complicated or you need to confirm your status, you can:\n\n- read HMRC\u2019s guidance on the Statutory Residence Test\n\n- get professional tax help\n\n## Your residence status when you move\n\nWhen you move in or out of the UK, the tax year is usually split into 2 - a non-resident part and a resident part. This means you only pay UK tax on foreign income based on the time you were living here.\n\nThis is called \u2018split-year treatment\u2019.\n\nYou will not get split-year treatment if you live abroad for less than a full tax year before returning to the UK. You also need to meet other conditions.\n\nTo find out if you qualify and see which split-year treatment \u2018case\u2019 you\u2019ll need to mention on your Self Assessment tax return, you can:\n\n- read chapter 5 of HMRC\u2019s guidance note on the Statutory Residence Test\n\n- contact HMRC\n\n## If your situation changes\n\nYour status can change from one tax year to the next. Check your status if your situation changes, for example:\n\n- you spend more or less time in the UK\n\n- you buy or sell a home in the UK\n\n- you change your job\n\n- your family moves in or out of the UK, or you get married, separate or have children\n\n## Residence and capital gains\n\nYou work out your residence status for capital gains (for example, when you sell shares or a second home) the same way as you do for income.\n\nUK residents have to pay tax on their UK and foreign gains. Non-residents have to pay tax on income, but only pay Capital Gains Tax either:\n\n- on UK property or land\n\n- if they return to the UK\n\n## Residence before April 2013\n\nThere were different rules for working out your residence status before 6 April 2013.\n\n## 'Non-domiciled' residents\n\nUK residents who have their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) outside the UK may not have to pay UK tax on foreign income.\n\nThe same rules apply if you make any foreign capital gains, for example you sell shares or a second home.\n\n## Working out your domicile\n\nYour domicile\u2019s usually the country your father considered his permanent home when you were born. It may have changed if you moved abroad and you do not intend to return.\n\nIf you need help working out which country you\u2019re domiciled in, you can:\n\n- read chapter 5 of HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019\n\n- get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser\n\nThere are additional rules for domicile and Inheritance Tax.\n\n## Tax if you\u2019re non-domiciled\n\nYou do not pay UK tax on your foreign income or gains if both the following apply:\n\n- they\u2019re less than \u00a32,000 in the tax year\n\n- you do not bring them into the UK, for example by transferring them to a UK bank account\n\nIf this applies to you, you do not need to do anything.\n\nChapter 9 in HMRC\u2019s guidance on \u2018Residence, Domicile and the Remittance \nBasis\u2019 explains the rules for bringing income or gains to the UK.\n\n## If your income is \u00a32,000 or more\n\nYou must report foreign income or gains of \u00a32,000 or more, or any money that you bring to the UK, in a Self Assessment tax return.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- pay UK tax on them - you may be able to claim it back\n\n- claim the \u2018remittance basis\u2019\n\nClaiming the remittance basis means you only pay UK tax on the income or gains you bring to the UK, but you:\n\n- lose tax-free allowances for Income Tax and Capital Gains Tax (some \u2018dual residents\u2019 may keep them)\n\n- pay an annual charge if you\u2019ve been resident of the UK for a certain amount of time\n\nYou pay an annual charge of either:\n\n- \u00a330,000 if you\u2019ve been here for at least 7 of the previous 9 tax years\n\n- \u00a360,000 for at least 12 of the previous 14 tax years\n\nClaiming the remittance basis is complicated. You can:\n\n- contact HMRC\n\n- get professional tax help, for example from a tax adviser\n\n## If you work in the UK and abroad\n\nThere are special rules if you work both in the UK and abroad.\n\nYou do not have to pay tax on foreign income or gains (even those you bring into the UK) if you get the \u2018foreign workers\u2019 exemption\u2019.\n\nYou qualify if:\n\n- your income from your overseas job is less than \u00a310,000\n\n- your other foreign income (such as bank interest) is less than \u00a3100\n\n- all your foreign income has been subject to foreign tax (even if you did not have to pay, for example because of a tax-free allowance)\n\n- your combined UK and foreign income is within the band for basic rate Income Tax\n\n- you do not need to fill in a tax return for any other reason\n\nIf you qualify, you do not need to do anything to claim.\n\n## If you\u2019re seconded to the UK\n\nYou may be able to claim Overseas Workday Relief if your employer sends you to work in the UK on secondment.\n\nIf you qualify you:\n\n- pay UK tax on UK employment income based on the number of days you\u2019ve worked here\n\n- do not pay tax on income from days you work abroad (as long as you do not bring it into the UK)\n\nAsk your employer to find out if you can claim.\n\n## Foreign students\n\nThere are special rules if you come to study in the UK.\n\n## Reporting your foreign income\n\nYou usually need to fill in a Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a UK resident with foreign income or capital gains. But there\u2019s some foreign income that\u2019s taxed differently.\n\nYou do not need to fill in a tax return if all the following apply:\n\n- your only foreign income is dividends\n\n- your total dividends - including UK dividends - are less than the \u00a32,000 dividend allowance\n\n- you have no other income to report\n\nDifferent rules may apply if your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\n## Register for Self Assessment\n\nIf you do not usually send a tax return, you need to register by 5 October following the tax year you had the income.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you what to do next after you\u2019ve registered.\n\nRegister now\n\n## Filling in your tax return\n\nUse the \u2018foreign\u2019 section of the tax return to record your overseas income or gains.\n\nInclude income that\u2019s already been taxed abroad to get Foreign Tax Credit Relief, if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nHMRC has guidance on how to report your foreign income or gains in your tax return in \u2018Foreign notes\u2019.\n\n## Foreign income that's taxed differently\n\nMost foreign income is taxed in the same way as UK income, but there are special rules for:\n\n- pensions\n\n- rent from property\n\n- certain types of employment income\n\n## Pensions\n\nYou have to pay tax on pensions if you\u2019re resident, or were resident in any of the 5 previous tax years.\n\nYou also pay tax on any foreign pension payments, including unauthorised payments like early payments and some lump sums.\n\nCheck with your pension provider to find out how you\u2019ll be taxed.\n\n## Rent from property\n\nYou pay tax in the normal way on overseas property. But if you rent out more than one, you can offset losses against other overseas properties.\n\n## Certain types of employment income\n\nYou usually pay tax in the normal way if you work both in the UK and abroad. There are special rules if you work:\n\n- on a ship or in the offshore gas or oil industry\n\n- for the EU or government, or as a volunteer development worker\n\n## If you're taxed twice\n\nYou may be taxed on your foreign income by the UK and by the country where your income is from.\n\nYou can usually claim tax relief to get some or all of this tax back. How you claim depends on whether your foreign income has already been taxed.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to claim relief if you\u2019re a non-resident with UK income.\n\n## Apply for tax relief before you get taxed on foreign income\n\nYou have to apply for tax relief in the country your income\u2019s from if:\n\n- the income is exempt from foreign tax but is taxed in the UK (for example, most pensions)\n\n- required by that country\u2019s double-taxation agreement\n\nAsk the foreign tax authority for a form, or apply by letter if they do not have one.\n\nBefore you apply, you must prove you\u2019re eligible for tax relief by either:\n\n- completing the form and sending it to HMRC - they\u2019ll confirm whether you\u2019re resident and send the form back to you\n\n- including a UK certificate of residence, if you\u2019re applying by letter\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got proof, send the form or letter to the foreign tax authority.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already paid tax on your foreign income\n\nYou can usually claim Foreign Tax Credit Relief when you report your overseas income in your tax return.\n\nHow much relief you get depends on the UK\u2019s \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 with the country your income\u2019s from.\n\nYou usually still get relief even if there is not an agreement, unless the foreign tax does not correspond to UK Income Tax or Capital Gains Tax.\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or a get professional tax help if you\u2019re not sure, or need help with double-taxation relief.\n\n## What you\u2019ll get back\n\nYou may not get back the full amount of foreign tax you paid. You get back less if either:\n\n- a smaller amount is set by the country\u2019s double-taxation agreement\n\n- the income would have been taxed at a lower rate in the UK\n\nHMRC has guidance on how Foreign Tax Credit Relief is calculated, including the special rules for interest and dividends in \u2018Foreign notes\u2019.\n\nYou cannot claim this relief if the UK\u2019s double-taxation agreement requires you to claim tax back from the country your income was from.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll usually pay tax in the country where you\u2019re resident and be exempt from tax in the country where you make the capital gain. You will not usually need to make a claim.\n\nYou have to pay Capital Gains Tax on UK residential property even if you\u2019re not UK resident.\n\n## When to claim relief\n\nThere are different rules if your gain comes from an asset that either:\n\n- cannot be taken out of the country, such as land or a house\n\n- you\u2019re using for business in that country\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay tax in both countries and get relief from the UK.\n\n## Dual residents\n\nYou can be resident in both the UK and another country. You\u2019ll need to check the other country\u2019s residence rules and when the tax year starts and ends.\n\nHMRC has guidance for claiming double-taxation relief if you\u2019re dual resident.\n\n## If you come to study in the UK\n\nForeign students usually do not pay UK tax on foreign income or gains, as long as they\u2019re used for course fees or living costs like:\n\n- food\n\n- rent\n\n- bills\n\n- study materials\n\nCheck that the country your income\u2019s from has a \u2018double-taxation agreement\u2019 that covers students.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) may ask you to account for your living costs if they\u2019re more than \u00a315,000 in a tax year (excluding course fees). The tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## When you need to pay tax\n\nYou may need to pay tax on your foreign income in the normal way if you:\n\n- are from a country without a double-taxation agreement for students\n\n- have other income that you do not bring to the UK\n\n- bring it to the UK and spend it on things other than living costs and course fees\n\n- plan to stay in the UK as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019)\n\n## If you work in the UK\n\nSome double-taxation agreements mean you do not pay UK tax on your income if you work while you\u2019re a student.\n\nIf your country does not have an agreement like this, you have to pay tax in the same way as others who come to live in the UK.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-foreign-income", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am British and I work for an American company called Amazon Mechanical Turk. My earnings are paid in Amazon vouchers which can only be redeemed on the US Amazon site. My earnings will be taxed in the US, whilst my main job is taxed in the UK.", + "original_question": "Am I obligated to pay tax on my Turk earnings as a foreign source of income, given that it is my only form of income?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2112", + "question": "Scenario: I am an overseas Engineering student and I would like to undertake a short work experience opportunities in Engineering companies in the UK . I am under the umbrella of Twin Training International. I want to apply for a Government Authorized exchange Visa. My certificate of sponsorship still has two years left.\n\nQuestion: Can i stay for a year with this Visa in the UK?\n\nDocument - Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for a Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5) if you:\n\n- want to come to the UK for a short time for work experience or to do training, an Overseas Government Language Programme, research or a fellowship through an approved government authorised exchange scheme\n\n- have a sponsor\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nThis visa has replaced the Tier 5 (Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange) visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or your close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to work in the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## Sponsorship\n\nYou need to have a certificate of sponsorship from a licensed sponsor before you can apply to come to the UK to work.\n\nYour work, training or research in the UK must relate to the work of your sponsor organisation.\n\nYour sponsor can be any of the following:\n\n- an organisation running an approved exchange scheme\n\n- a higher education institution (if you are a sponsored researcher, visiting academic or examiner)\n\n- a government department or agency\n\n## How long it will take\n\nThe earliest you can apply for a visa is 3 months before the date you\u2019re due to start work. This date is on your certificate of sponsorship.\n\nYou should get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks when you apply from outside the UK.\n\nFind out about paying for a faster decision.\n\n## Application fee\n\nThe application fee for each person applying is \u00a3244.\n\nThe fee is the same whether you\u2019re applying from inside or outside the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re from an eligible country\n\nYour application fee will be automatically reduced by \u00a355 if you\u2019re from one of the following countries:\n\nAustria, Belgium, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, North Macedonia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden or Turkey.\n\nThis reduction only applies to your visa application. Your partner and children will still need to pay the full application fee.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application. Check how much you\u2019ll have to pay before you apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK you can pay an extra \u00a3500 for the priority service to get a decision within 5 working days.\n\nYou can pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a decision:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 12 or 24 months (depending on the scheme you\u2019re applying for) or the time given on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\nYou can enter the UK up to 14 days before the start date of your job.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can:\n\n- study (for some courses you\u2019ll need an Academic Technology Approval Scheme certificate)\n\n- work in the job described in your certificate of sponsorship\n\n- do a second job for up to 20 hours per week\n\n- do a job on the Skilled Worker shortage occupation list for up to 20 hours per week as well as your main job\n\n- apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Global Talent visa if you\u2019re in the government authorised exchange scheme for sponsored researchers\n\n- bring your partner and children with you as your \u2018dependants\u2019, if they\u2019re eligible\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- take a permanent job\n\n- get public funds\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must have both of the following:\n\n- a certificate of sponsorship reference number from your UK sponsor\n\n- enough money to support yourself in the UK - you\u2019ll usually need to have at least \u00a31,270 available (unless you\u2019re exempt)\n\n## Certificate of sponsorship\n\nA certificate of sponsorship is a reference number which holds information about the job and your personal details. It\u2019s not an actual certificate or paper document.\n\nYour sponsor will give you your certificate of sponsorship reference number.\n\nThey must also give you some other information to help you to apply, for example your working hours.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to add your certificate of sponsorship reference number to your application form - you can only use it once.\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship is valid for 3 months from the date it is assigned to you.\n\n## Multiple entry\n\nYour sponsor can give you a multiple entry certificate of sponsorship so you can leave and return to the UK.\n\n## Money to support yourself\n\nYou must have at least \u00a31,270 in your bank account to show you can support yourself in the UK.\n\nYou will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when you apply, unless either:\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your costs during your first month in the UK, up to \u00a31,270\n\nYour partner and children will also need to prove they can support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK. Check how much they\u2019ll need.\n\nRead the guidance on financial evidence for more information about the money you need and how to prove it.\n\n## If your employer can support you instead\n\nYour certificate of sponsorship must confirm this. Your employer will need to complete the \u2018sponsor certifies maintenance\u2019 section on your certificate. This is under \u2018Additional data\u2019.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- your certificate of sponsorship reference number - your employer will give you this\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- evidence that you have enough personal savings to support yourself in the UK, for example bank statements (unless your certificate of sponsorship shows your employer can support you)\n\n- proof of your relationship with your partner or children if they\u2019re applying with you\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a valid ATAS certificate if your employer tells you that you need one because your job involves researching a sensitive subject at PhD level or higher\n\nYou need a blank page in your passport for your visa.\n\nYou must also provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\nRead the guide for a full list of documents you can provide.\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre (to get a biometric residence permit) as part of your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to collect your biometric residence permit within 10 days of when you said you\u2019d arrive in the UK (even if you actually arrive at a later date).\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK\n\nYou can only extend your existing visa or switch to this visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your Temporary worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou might be able to extend your stay. You must still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nYou must apply while you\u2019re still in the UK.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to stay in the UK for up to a maximum of:\n\n- 12 months, if you\u2019re doing work experience\n\n- 24 months, if you\u2019re doing research, training or an Overseas Government Language Programme\n\nYou can also stay for the length of time on your certificate of sponsorship plus 14 days, whichever is shorter.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to extend your visa\n\nYou should read the full guidance before you apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Changing your sponsor\n\nYou must apply again and meet all the eligibility rules if you want to change your sponsor within the same organisation or move to a new organisation.\n\n## Switch to this visa\n\nYou can apply to change (\u2018switch\u2019) to a Temporary Worker - Government Authorised Exchange visa (T5).\n\nYou should apply before your current visa expires.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re a:\n\n- student, whether studying, resitting an examination or writing a thesis\n\n- student union sabbatical officer\n\n- student nurse\n\n- postgraduate doctor or dentist\n\n- student visa holder (including Tier 4)\n\n- sponsored researcher who came to the UK on a work permit and you want to continue in the same job with your sponsor\n\nYou must have completed a UK bachelor\u2019s or master\u2019s degree during your last grant of leave.\n\nYou must also meet the other eligibility requirements.\n\n## Fees\n\nCheck the fees for your visa.\n\n## How to switch your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYou can add your partner and children to your online application - including children who have turned 18 during your stay.\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nA decision will be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after your UKVCAS appointment if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example:\n\n- if your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- if you need to attend an interview\n\n- because of your personal circumstances, for example you have a criminal conviction\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to join you or to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. If their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 18 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 18 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## If your child is 16 or over\n\nThey must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Money they need to support themselves\n\nYour partner and children must have a certain amount of money available to support themselves while they\u2019re in the UK.\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need:\n\n- \u00a3285 for your partner\n\n- \u00a3315 for one child\n\n- \u00a3200 for each additional child\n\nYou - or your partner or child - will need to have had the money available for at least 28 days in a row. Day 28 must be within 31 days of you or them applying for this visa.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to show proof of this when they apply, unless either:\n\n- you have all been in the UK with a valid visa for at least 12 months\n\n- your employer can cover your family\u2019s costs during your first month in the UK - this must be confirmed on your certificate of sponsorship\n\nIf your partner or child is applying at a different time to you, they\u2019ll only need to prove they have enough money to support themselves if they have been in the UK for less than 1 year.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYour partner and children must apply online.\n\nEach family member will need to complete a separate application and pay the visa fee.\n\nThey\u2019ll also need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a visa application centre. They may need to travel to get to their nearest centre (this could be in another country).\n\nThe visa application centre may need to keep their passport and documents while they process their application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 3 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get their visa faster - check with the visa application centre.\n\n## Apply from inside the UK (extend or switch their visa)\n\nYou can include your partner and children on your application to extend or switch to this visa. This includes children who were born or have turned 18 during your stay.\n\nIf you cannot apply at the same time, your partner or child can apply to extend or switch their visas at a later date. This must be before their current visa expires.\n\nYour partner or children cannot apply to switch to your visa as your dependants if they are currently in the UK:\n\n- on a visit visa\n\n- on a short-term student visa\n\n- on a Parent of a Child Student visa\n\n- on a seasonal worker visa\n\n- on a domestic worker in a private household visa\n\n- on immigration bail\n\n- because they were given permission to stay outside the immigration rules, for example on compassionate grounds\n\n## How to apply\n\nYour partner and children must apply online to either:\n\n- extend or switch as a partner\n\n- extend or switch as a child\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point.\n\nThey must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until they get a decision. Their application will be withdrawn if they do.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 8 weeks.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their visa as your dependant. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/government-authorised-exchange", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an overseas Engineering student and I would like to undertake a short work experience opportunities in Engineering companies in the UK . I am under the umbrella of Twin Training International. I want to apply for a Government Authorized exchange Visa. My certificate of sponsorship still has two years left.", + "original_question": "Can i stay for a year with this Visa in the UK?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2115", + "question": "Scenario: I worked for the National Coal Board for thirty years and have now retired. I have a wife and two grown up children and am claiming a state pension. I have qualified to receive the fuel allowance through the NCFS.\n\nQuestion: Does my employment history entitle me to any sort of fuel payment?\n\nDocument - National Concessionary Fuel Scheme:\n## Overview\n\nYou could get free solid fuel or a cash allowance for fuel if you\u2019re an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC).\n\nYou need to qualify to get the fuel allowance through the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS), and you can only get the cash allowance if you\u2019re already getting fuel through the scheme.\n\nYou might be eligible for the allowance if you\u2019re the widow or widower of an ex-employee, if the employee qualified for the NCFS.\n\n## What you'll get\n\n## Solid fuel\n\nIf you qualify for the allowance you\u2019ll get a delivery of solid fuel every 4 or 5 weeks, depending on where you live.\n\nYou might be able to change to \u2018cash in lieu\u2019 (or a cash allowance) if you already get fuel through the scheme and your circumstances have not changed.\n\nYou will need to return a Certificate of Continued Entitlement each year to keep your allowance.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe cash allowance is paid every 3 months into your bank or building society account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nContact the National Concessionary Fuel Office (NCFO) to check if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou might be eligible for the National Concessionary Fuel Scheme (NCFS) if you\u2019re:\n\n- an ex-employee of the National Coal Board (NCB) or British Coal Corporation (BCC)\n\n- a widow or widower of an ex-employee who would have been eligible\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nYour allowance might be affected if your circumstances change, including:\n\n- who owns or rents your property changes\n\n- you change your heating arrangements\n\n- you remarry, marry or move in with a partner (widows, widowers and dependents only)\n\n- who lives in your home changes (family or lodgers moving in)\n\n- you take up employment or self-employment\n\nYou need to inform the NCFO of any changes in circumstances as your allowance can change. If your allowance goes down, any overpayments must be repaid in full.\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact the National Concessionary Fuel Office (NCFO) to apply.\n\n## Applying on behalf of someone else\n\nYou can apply for the fuel allowance on behalf of someone else if they\u2019re unable to.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get authorisation by having one of:\n\n- a letter from the Department of Work and Pensions (DWP) stating that you are authorised to act on their behalf\n\n- a photocopy of your Power of Attorney\n\n- a letter signed by the person you are applying for stating that you are looking after their affairs\n\nIf payments are paid into a different account from the person getting the allowance, you need:\n\n- a photocopy of your Power of Attorney\n\n- a letter from DWP stating that you are looking after their financial affairs\n\n- a form from the NFCO signed by the person you are applying for\n\nYou need to contact the NFCO for the form or \u2018mandate\u2019.\n\n## Changing your delivery\n\nContact CPL Distribution on 0345 521 5214 to change your fuel delivery date and/or the amount of fuel you want delivered.\n\nFind out about call charges.\n\nContact the NCFO to change the type of fuel you get. You can only get 1 type of fuel delivered at a time. Get advice about the types of fuel to use from the Solid Fuel Association.\n\nYou cannot sell or give away unused fuel. If you change your type of solid fuel appliance you must refuse deliveries and left over fuel must be collected by the distributor.\n\n## Switching from fuel to cash allowance\n\nContact NCFO with your bank or building society account details to switch from fuel to cash. You can switch back to solid fuel but only after 12 months.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-concessionary-fuel-scheme", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I worked for the National Coal Board for thirty years and have now retired. I have a wife and two grown up children and am claiming a state pension. I have qualified to receive the fuel allowance through the NCFS.", + "original_question": "Does my employment history entitle me to any sort of fuel payment?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2116", + "question": "Scenario: I am a Chinese National. As i was in the process of applying for a Permitted paid engagement visa online. Immediately after submission I got an email that the UK conference has been cancelled due to one of the event organizer has tested positive of covid 19. the application has not yet been processed.\n\nQuestion: Can i cancel the application and get a refund?\n\nDocument - Permitted Paid Engagement visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou may be able to visit the UK for a paid engagement if you\u2019ve been invited as an expert in your profession.\n\nYou can apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa if you:\n\n- are invited by a UK-based organisation or client\n\n- want to come to the UK to do specific paid work without having to be sponsored under the points-based visa system\n\n- meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou may not have to apply for a visa. What you need to do depends on your nationality.\n\nCheck if you need to apply for a UK visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nYou can be invited by a UK-based organisation or client to:\n\n- be a student examiner or assessor\n\n- take part in selection panels as a highly qualified academic if you\u2019re invited by an education, arts or research organisation\n\n- give lectures at a higher education institution, as long as it\u2019s not a part-time or full-time role\n\n- examine UK-based pilots so they meet the standards of the country you come from if you\u2019re invited by an approved UK training organisation regulated by the UK Civil Aviation Authority\n\n- provide advocacy in a particular area of law\n\n- take part in arts, entertainment or sporting activities including broadcasting\n\n- take part in fashion modelling assignments\n\nYou can also do minor activities related to your work or business overseas, such as attend meetings.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- do paid work unrelated to your main job or area of expertise at home, other than what\u2019s allowed by your visa\n\n- extend this visa or switch to another visa\n\n- live in the UK for extended periods\n\n- get public funds (benefits)\n\n- study\n\n- marry or register a civil partnership, or give notice of marriage or civil partnership\n\n- bring family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) with you on your application - they must apply separately\n\nRead the guidance for more information about what you can and cannot do with a Permitted Paid Engagement visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for up to 1 month.\n\n## When to apply and how long it takes\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you come to the UK.\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity and provide your documents.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your \napplication.\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 3 months before you travel.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\n## Fees\n\nA Permitted Paid Engagement visa costs \u00a395.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must show that:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019re visiting the UK for no more than 1 month\n\n- you\u2019ve been formally invited and paid by a UK-based organisation to attend an event or other permitted engagement\n\n- you\u2019ll leave the UK at the end of your visit\n\n- you will not live in the UK for extended periods through frequent or successive visits, or make the UK your main home\n\n- you\u2019re able to support yourself during your trip (or have funding from someone else to support you)\n\n- you\u2019re able to pay for your return or onward journey (or have funding from someone else to pay for the journey)\n\n- you have proof of any business or other activities you want to do in the UK, as allowed by the Visitor Rules\n\n## Documents you'll need\n\nWhen you apply you must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel document - your passport must have a blank page for your visa\n\n- a formal invitation from the UK-based organisation or client you\u2019ll be paid by\n\n- proof that the paid engagement relates to your expertise, qualifications and main job in your home country, for example a letter from your employer\n\nSee the full list of documents you can provide to prove your eligibility.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh.\n\n## Additional documents\n\nYou must provide extra documents if you\u2019re an established arts, entertainment or sporting professional. You can provide any of the following:\n\n- publications\n\n- publicity material\n\n- proof of awards\n\n- media coverage and reviews\n\n- proof of recent performances\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances.\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nIf you need a visa, you must apply online before you travel to the UK.\n\nCheck what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your online application, you need to book an appointment at a visa application centre. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nAllow time to attend your appointment, as the visa application centre could be in another country.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\n## Apply for a Permitted Paid Engagement visa\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Apply with family members\n\nEach family member must make their own application and pay the fee.\n\nYou can apply on behalf of your partner and child, if they cannot apply for themselves.\n\nThey must attend their own appointment at a visa application centre.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nFind out how to get your visa decision faster - this depends on what country you\u2019re in.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if the application has not been processed yet.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/permitted-paid-engagement-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a Chinese National. As i was in the process of applying for a Permitted paid engagement visa online. Immediately after submission I got an email that the UK conference has been cancelled due to one of the event organizer has tested positive of covid 19. the application has not yet been processed.", + "original_question": "Can i cancel the application and get a refund?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2118", + "question": "Scenario: I am a long term, full time employee of a major retailer and have some shares through their save as you earn scheme. These shares have consistently increased in value and it has been recommended that I transfer them to an ISA. My ISA provider has agreed to allow this transfer.\n\nQuestion: Can I transfer them to an ISA?\n\nDocument - Tax and Employee Share Schemes:\n## Overview\n\nIf your employer offers you company shares, you could get tax advantages, like not paying Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.\n\nTax advantages only apply if the shares are offered through the following schemes:\n\n- Share Incentive Plans\n\n- Save As You Earn (SAYE)\n\n- Company Share Option Plans\n\n- Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)\n\nYou may be offered shares outside of these schemes. However these will not have the same tax advantages.\n\nYou can also get tax advantages if you\u2019re an employee shareholder.\n\n## Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)\n\nIf you get shares through a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and keep them in the plan for 5 years you will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.\n\nYou will not pay Capital Gains Tax on shares you sell if you keep them in the plan until you sell them.\n\nIf you take them out of the plan, keep them and then sell them later on, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if their value has increased.\n\nThere are 4 ways you can get shares under SIPs.\n\n## Free shares\n\nYour employer can give you up to \u00a33,600 of free shares in any tax year.\n\n## Partnership shares\n\nYou can buy shares out of your salary before tax deductions. There\u2019s a limit to how much you can spend - either \u00a31,800 or 10% of your income for the tax year, whichever is lower.\n\n## Matching shares\n\nYour employer can give you up to 2 free matching shares for each partnership share you buy.\n\n## Dividend shares\n\nYou may be able to buy more shares with the dividends you get from free, partnership or matching shares (but only if your employer\u2019s scheme allows it).\n\nYou will not pay Income Tax if you keep the dividend shares for at least 3 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax and National Insurance on any shares you take out of a SIP early.\n\n## Save As You Earn (SAYE)\n\nThis is a savings-related share scheme where you can buy shares with your savings for a fixed price.\n\nYou can save up to \u00a3500 a month under the scheme. At the end of your savings contract (3 or 5 years) you can use the savings to buy shares.\n\nThe tax advantages are:\n\n- the interest and any bonus at the end of the scheme is tax-free\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re worth\n\nYou might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\nYou\u2019ll not pay Capital Gains Tax if you transfer the shares:\n\n- to an Individual Savings Account (ISA) within 90 days of the scheme ending\n\n- to a pension, directly from the scheme when it ends\n\nIf you do not transfer your shares to a pension immediately when the scheme ends, you can still transfer them up to 90 days later. You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if they go up in value between when you buy them and when you transfer them.\n\n## Company Share Option Plan\n\nThis gives you the option to buy up to \u00a330,000 worth of shares at a fixed price.\n\nYou will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance contributions on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re actually worth.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\n## Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)\n\nIf you work for a company with assets of \u00a330 million or less, it may be able to offer Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs).\n\nYour company can grant you share options up to the value of \u00a3250,000 in a 3-year period.\n\nYou will not have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance if you buy the shares for at least the market value they had when you were granted the option.\n\nIf you were given a discount on the market value, you\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay and what the shares were worth.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\n## Excluded activities\n\nCompanies that work in \u2018excluded activities\u2019 are not allowed to offer EMIs. Excluded activities include:\n\n- banking\n\n- farming\n\n- property development\n\n- provision of legal services\n\n- ship building\n\n## Employee shareholder shares\n\nTo be an employee shareholder, you must own shares in your employer\u2019s company that were worth at least \u00a32,000 when you got them.\n\nYou will not usually pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the first \u00a32,000 worth of employee shareholder shares you get before 1 December 2016.\n\nYou will not get tax relief if you or someone you\u2019re connected with (like a business partner, spouse or family member) have 25% or more voting rights in the company.\n\nWhen you become an employee shareholder your employer must pay for an independent expert to give advice about the terms and effects of the employee shareholder agreement. This advice not count as a taxable benefit.\n\n## Selling your shares\n\nYou might not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell shares. It depends on when you signed your employee shareholder agreement.\n\n## Before 17 March 2016\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax on shares that were worth over \u00a350,000 when you got them.\n\n## From 17 March 2016\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax on gains over \u00a3100,000 that you make during your lifetime. The \u2018gain\u2019 is the profit you make when you sell shares that have increased in value.\n\n## Transferring your shares to an ISA\n\nYou can transfer up to \u00a320,000 of employee shares into a stocks and shares Individual Savings Account (ISA) if you have shares in a:\n\n- Save As You Earn (SAYE) scheme\n\n- Share Incentive Plan (SIP)\n\nYour ISA provider must agree to the transfer.\n\nYou will not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on any gains you make on your shares if you move them to an ISA.\n\nYou must transfer your shares to your ISA within 90 days of when you took out your SIP or SAYE shares.\n\nThese shares will count towards your \u00a320,000 ISA limit. They cannot be in addition to the limit.\n\nAsk your employer or ISA provider for more information on how to transfer.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a long term, full time employee of a major retailer and have some shares through their save as you earn scheme. These shares have consistently increased in value and it has been recommended that I transfer them to an ISA. My ISA provider has agreed to allow this transfer.", + "original_question": "Can I transfer them to an ISA?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2120", + "question": "Scenario: My 9 year old daughter has recently been diagnosed with AML (leukemia), and is likely to require very intensive care over the next few months. We are both UK citizens and have lived in the UK for all of her life. My 9 year old daughter is expected to have AML for at least another year.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim Disability Living Allowance to offset the costs of her care and transportation costs?\n\nDocument - Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children:\n## Overview\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) for children may help with the extra costs of looking after a child who:\n\n- is under 16\n\n- has difficulties walking or needs much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability\n\nThey will need to meet all the eligibility requirements.\n\nThe DLA rate is between \u00a323.70 and \u00a3152.15 a week and depends on the level of help the child needs.\n\n## DLA rates for children\n\nDisability Living Allowance (DLA) for children is a tax-free benefit made up of 2 components (parts). The child might qualify for one or both components.\n\n## Care component\n\n| Care component | Weekly rate |\n\n| Lowest | \u00a323.70 |\n\n| Middle | \u00a360.00 |\n\n| Highest | \u00a389.60 |\n\n## Mobility component\n\n| Mobility component | Weekly rate |\n\n| Lower | \u00a323.70 |\n\n| Higher | \u00a362.55 |\n\n## How DLA for children is paid\n\nDLA is usually paid every 4 weeks on a Tuesday.\n\nIf your payment date is on a bank holiday, you will usually be paid before the bank holiday. After that you\u2019ll continue to get paid as normal.\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Extra help\n\nYou might qualify for Carer\u2019s Allowance if you spend at least 35 hours a week caring for a child who gets the middle or highest care rate of DLA.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nUsually, to qualify for Disability Living Allowance (DLA) for children the child must:\n\n- be under 16 - anyone over 16 must apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP)\n\n- need extra looking after or have walking dif\ufb01culties\n\n- be in Great Britain, a European Economic Area (EEA) country or Switzerland when you claim - there are some exceptions, such as family members of the Armed Forces\n\n- have lived in Great Britain for at least 6 of the last 12 months, if over 3 years old\n\n- be habitually resident in the UK, Ireland, Isle of Man or the Channel Islands\n\n- not be subject to immigration control\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\nThere are some exceptions to these conditions if the child is living in or coming from an EEA country or Switzerland.\n\nYou can claim DLA for children if you\u2019re in or out of work.\n\n## Children under 3\n\nA child under 6 months must have lived in Great Britain for at least 13 weeks.\n\nA child aged between 6 months and 3 years must have lived in Great Britain for at least 26 of the last 156 weeks.\n\nThe rules on residence do not normally apply if a child is terminally ill.\n\n## The child\u2019s disability or health condition\n\nThe child\u2019s disability or health condition must mean at least one of the following apply:\n\n- they need much more looking after than a child of the same age who does not have a disability\n\n- they have difficulty getting about\n\nThey must have had these difficulties for at least 3 months and expect them to last for at least 6 months. If they\u2019re terminally ill (that is, not expected to live more than 6 months), they do not need to have had these difficulties for 3 months.\n\n## Care component\n\nThe rate the child gets depends on the level of looking after they need, for example:\n\n- lowest rate - help for some of the day\n\n- middle rate - frequent help or constant supervision during the day, supervision at night or someone to help while they\u2019re on dialysis\n\n- highest rate - help or supervision throughout both day and night, or they\u2019re terminally ill\n\n## Mobility component\n\nThe rate the child gets depends on the level of help they need getting about, for example:\n\n- lowest rate - they can walk but need help and or supervision when outdoors\n\n- highest rate - they cannot walk, can only walk a short distance without severe discomfort, could become very ill if they try to walk or they\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired\n\nThere are also age limits to receiving the mobility component:\n\n- lowest rate - the child must be 5 years or over\n\n- highest rate - the child must be 3 years or over\n\nIf your child is under these ages and you claim DLA for them, you should be sent a claim pack 6 months before they turn 3 and 6 months before they turn 5. You can then apply for the mobility component if you think they\u2019re eligible for it.\n\nIf you have not received any claim packs and you think your child may be entitled to the mobility component, contact the Disability Service Centre.\n\n## Change of circumstances\n\nContact the Disability Service Centre as soon as the child\u2019s circumstances change. This can affect how much they get, for example if their disability gets worse or they go abroad for medical treatment.\n\nTheir DLA will not usually be affected if they go:\n\n- into a local authority care home for less than 28 days\n\n- into a hospital\n\n- abroad for less than 13 weeks\n\n- abroad for less than 26 weeks to get medical treatment for a condition which began before they left\n\n## How to claim\n\nTo claim DLA for a child you need to be their parent or look after them as if you\u2019re their parent. This includes step-parents, guardians, grandparents, foster-parents or older brothers or sisters.\n\nTo apply you can either:\n\n- print off and fill in the DLA claim form\n\n- phone the Disability Living Allowance helpline and ask for a printed form\n\nThe process is different in Northern Ireland.\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall the Disability Living Allowance helpline to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.\n\n## When you\u2019ll be paid\n\nDLA can be paid from the start of your claim. It cannot be backdated. Your claim will start on the date the form is received or the date you call the enquiry line (if you return the claim pack within 6 weeks).\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision letter about 8 weeks (40 working days) after your form is received. The letter will tell you when you\u2019ll get your first payment.\n\n## If the child is terminally ill\n\nThere are special rules if the child is not expected to live more than 6 months, so they can get DLA more quickly.\n\nPhone the Disability Living Allowance helpline to start your claim. Ask a doctor or other healthcare professional for form DS1500. They\u2019ll either fill it in and give the form to you or send it directly to the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP).\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for mandatory reconsideration.\n\n## When your child turns 16\n\nYour child will need to apply for Personal Independence Payment (PIP) when they turn 16.\n\n## When they apply for PIP\n\nYour child will get a letter inviting them to apply for PIP. The letter will be sent:\n\n- shortly after their 16th birthday\n\n- when they leave hospital, if they were in hospital on their 16th birthday\n\n- about 20 weeks before their DLA award ends, if they were awarded DLA under the rules for people who are terminally ill\n\nYour child\u2019s DLA payments will stop unless they apply for PIP by the date given in the letter.\n\nIf they apply by the date given in the letter, they\u2019ll continue to receive DLA until their claim is assessed.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disability-living-allowance-children", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My 9 year old daughter has recently been diagnosed with AML (leukemia), and is likely to require very intensive care over the next few months. We are both UK citizens and have lived in the UK for all of her life. My 9 year old daughter is expected to have AML for at least another year.", + "original_question": "Can I claim Disability Living Allowance to offset the costs of her care and transportation costs?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2121", + "question": "Scenario: I am a trainee social worker. I am currently studying an approved undergraduate social work degree, which is not employment based. I do not receive funding from my employer. I do not have the higher education social work qualification.\n\nQuestion: Will I be eligible for a social work bursary?\n\nDocument - Social work bursaries:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re training for social work you may get a bursary.\n\nSocial work bursaries:\n\n- help with living costs and tuition fees\n\n- don\u2019t depend on your household income\n\n- don\u2019t have to be paid back\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe social work bursary is a grant that doesn\u2019t depend on your household income and doesn\u2019t have to be paid back.\n\nThe amount you get depends on:\n\n- where you study\n\n- whether you study full or part-time\n\n- the cost of your tuition\n\nGraduates doing an undergraduate social work course can apply for the Maintenance Loan part of the main student finance \npackage.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nSocial work bursaries are paid in 3 instalments, one each term.\n\n## If you\u2019re disabled\n\nYou may be able to get extra help if you\u2019re disabled and a postgraduate student.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nSocial work bursaries are available to eligible social work students who:\n\n- don\u2019t get funding from their employer\n\n- are studying an approved undergraduate or postgraduate course in social work\n\n- don\u2019t already have a higher education social work qualification\n\nYour university or college will tell you if your course qualifies.\n\nUndergraduate students may also be able to get help from the main student finance \npackage - apply to Student Finance England.\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible for a bursary if you\u2019re studying on an employment-based course including direct Open University courses.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to download forms from NHS Business Services Authority. The address to send the form is in the guidance notes.\n\nThe deadline for 2017 to 2018 applications depends on when you start your course:\n\n| Course starts | Application deadline |\n\n| Autumn term | 1 November 2017 |\n\n| Winter term | 14 February 2018 |\n\n## Evidence needed\n\nYou may need to prove your identity by sending both:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- your passport (which must be valid)", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a trainee social worker. I am currently studying an approved undergraduate social work degree, which is not employment based. I do not receive funding from my employer. I do not have the higher education social work qualification.", + "original_question": "Will I be eligible for a social work bursary?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2127", + "question": "Scenario: I want to sell my property. The purchase price of this property was \u00a3150,000. The price I want to sell it at would be \u00a3250,000. This property has been rented out and is not my home.\n\nQuestion: Would the difference of \u00a3100,000 be the amount that will be liable to capital gains tax?\n\nDocument - Tax when you sell property:\n## What you pay it on\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you make a profit (\u2018gain\u2019) when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) property that\u2019s not your home, for example:\n\n- buy-to-let properties\n\n- business premises\n\n- land\n\n- inherited property\n\nThere are different rules if you:\n\n- sell your home\n\n- live abroad\n\n- are a company registered abroad\n\nYou\u2019ll need to work out your gain to find out whether you need to pay tax.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## When you do not pay\n\nYou do not usually need to pay tax on gifts to your husband, wife, civil partner or a charity.\n\nYou may get tax relief if the property is a business asset.\n\nIf the property was occupied by a dependent relative you may not have to pay. Find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief.\n\n## If you need to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Work out your gain\n\nYour gain is usually the difference between what you paid for your property and the amount you got when you sold (or \u2018disposed of\u2019) it.\n\nIf your combined capital gains are over your allowance for the year you\u2019ll have to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\n## Market value\n\nIn some situations you should use the market value of the property when working out your gain. Do this if:\n\n- it was a gift (there are different rules if it was to your spouse, civil partner or a charity)\n\n- you sold it for less than it was worth to help the buyer\n\n- you inherited it (and do not know the Inheritance Tax value)\n\n- you owned it before April 1982\n\n## Selling in special circumstances\n\nThere are special rules for calculating your gain if:\n\n- you live abroad\n\n- you sell a lease or part of your land\n\n- your property is compulsorily purchased\n\n## Jointly owned property\n\nIf you own property jointly with other people, work out the gain for the share that you own.\n\n## Deduct costs\n\nYou can deduct costs of buying, selling or improving your property from your gain. These include:\n\n- estate agents\u2019 and solicitors\u2019 fees\n\n- costs of improvement works, for example for an extension (normal maintenance costs, such as decorating, do not count)\n\n## Reliefs\n\nYou may get tax relief if the property was:\n\n- your home\n\n- a business asset\n\n- occupied by a dependent relative - find out more in the guidance on Private Residence Relief\n\n## Work out if you need to pay\n\nOnce you know what your gain on the property is, you can calculate if you need to report and pay Capital Gains Tax.\n\nYou cannot use the calculator if you:\n\n- sold land\n\n- sold business premises\n\n- sold other chargeable assets in the tax year, for example shares\n\n- reduced your share of a property that you still jointly own\n\n- claim any reliefs other than Private Residence Relief or Letting Relief\n\n- are a company, agent, trustee or personal representative\n\nCalculate Capital Gains Tax on property\n\n## If you have Capital Gains Tax to pay\n\nYou must report and pay any Capital Gains Tax on most sales of UK property within 30 days.\n\n## Reporting a loss\n\nThe rules are different if you need to report a loss.\n\n## Businesses\n\nYou may get tax relief if you sell property that you use for business. This may reduce or delay the amount of Capital Gains Tax you pay.\n\nIf the purpose of your business is to buy and sell property (you\u2019re a property developer, for example) you do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell a property. Instead, you pay:\n\n- Income Tax - if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner\n\n- Corporation Tax - if you\u2019re a limited company\n\nThere are special rules for limited companies that dispose of a single residential property worth more than \u00a32 million.\n\n## Selling overseas property\n\nYou pay Capital Gains Tax when you \u2018dispose of\u2019 overseas property if you\u2019re resident in the UK.\n\nThere are special rules if you\u2019re resident in the UK but your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) is abroad.\n\nYou may also have to pay tax in the country you made the gain. If you\u2019re taxed twice, you may be able to claim relief.\n\n## If you\u2019re non-resident\n\nNon-residents may have to pay UK tax on overseas property if they return to the UK within 5 years of leaving.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-sell-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I want to sell my property. The purchase price of this property was \u00a3150,000. The price I want to sell it at would be \u00a3250,000. This property has been rented out and is not my home.", + "original_question": "Would the difference of \u00a3100,000 be the amount that will be liable to capital gains tax?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2128", + "question": "Scenario: Because I have a family history of dementia, I would like to make a lasting power of attorney naming my daughter as my attorney, should I become mentally incapacitated. I'm 57 years old and live in England. I know that it's quite expensive to create a power of attorney and I'm currently on income support so may struggle to afford it. My earnings are only \u00a310,000 per year at this time.\n\nQuestion: Can you get financial assistance with the cost of making a lasting power of attorney?\n\nDocument - Make, register or end a lasting power of attorney:\n## Overview\n\nA lasting power of attorney (LPA) is a legal document that lets you (the \u2018donor\u2019) appoint one or more people (known as \u2018attorneys\u2019) to help you make decisions or to make decisions on your behalf.\n\nThis gives you more control over what happens to you if you have an accident or an illness and cannot make your own decisions (you \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019).\n\nYou must be 18 or over and have mental capacity (the ability to make your own decisions) when you make your LPA.\n\nYou do not need to live in the UK or be a British citizen.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere are 2 types of LPA:\n\n- health and welfare\n\n- property and financial affairs\n\nYou can choose to make one type or both.\n\nThere\u2019s a different process in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## How to make a lasting power of attorney\n\n- Choose your attorney (you can have more than one).\n\n- Fill in the forms to appoint them as an attorney.\n\n- Register your LPA with the Office of the Public Guardian (this can take up to 10 weeks).\n\nIt costs \u00a382 to register an LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.\n\nYou can cancel your LPA if you no longer need it or want to make a new one.\n\n## Health and welfare lasting power of attorney\n\nUse this LPA to give an attorney the power to make decisions about things like:\n\n- your daily routine, for example washing, dressing, eating\n\n- medical care\n\n- moving into a care home\n\n- life-sustaining treatment\n\nIt can only be used when you\u2019re unable to make your own decisions.\n\n## Property and financial affairs lasting power of attorney\n\nUse this LPA to give an attorney the power to make decisions about money and property for you, for example:\n\n- managing a bank or building society account\n\n- paying bills\n\n- collecting benefits or a pension\n\n- selling your home\n\nIt can be used as soon as it\u2019s registered, with your permission.\n\n## Help deciding if you should make a lasting power of attorney\n\nContact the Office of the Public Guardian if you need help.\n\n## Choose your attorney\n\nYou can choose one or more people to be your attorney. If you appoint more than one, you must decide whether they\u2019ll make decisions separately or together.\n\n## Who can be your attorney\n\nYour attorney needs to be 18 or over. They could be:\n\n- a relative\n\n- a friend\n\n- a professional, for example a solicitor\n\n- your husband, wife or partner\n\nYou must appoint someone who has the mental capacity to make their own decisions.\n\nYour attorney does not need to live in the UK or be a British citizen.\n\nWhen choosing an attorney, think about:\n\n- how well they look after their own affairs, for example their finances\n\n- how well you know them\n\n- if you trust them to make decisions in your best interests\n\n- how happy they will be to make decisions for you\n\nRead about an attorney\u2019s responsibilities to help you with your decision.\n\nYou cannot choose someone who is subject to a Debt Relief Order or is bankrupt if you\u2019re making a lasting power of attorney (LPA) for property and financial affairs.\n\n## If there\u2019s more than one attorney\n\nIf you\u2019re appointing more than one person, you must decide if they\u2019ll make decisions:\n\n- separately or together - sometimes called \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - which means attorneys can make decisions on their own or with other attorneys\n\n- together - sometimes called \u2018jointly\u2019 - which means all the attorneys have to agree on the decision\n\nYou can also choose to let them make some decisions \u2018jointly\u2019, and others \u2018jointly and severally\u2019.\n\nAttorneys who are appointed jointly must all agree or they cannot make the decision.\n\n## Replacement attorneys\n\nWhen you make your LPA you can nominate other people to replace your attorney or attorneys if at some point they cannot act on your behalf anymore.\n\n## Make a lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can make a lasting power of attorney (LPA) online or using paper forms.\n\nEither way, you need to get other people to sign the forms, including the attorneys and witnesses.\n\nYou can get someone else to use the online service or fill in the paper forms for you, for example a family member, friend or solicitor.\n\nYou must register your LPA or your attorney will not be able to make decisions for you.\n\nIt might take longer to make and register an LPA because of coronavirus (COVID-19). It will be quicker if you make it and pay online.\n\n## Make an LPA online\n\nCreate an account to start your LPA.\n\nYou can:\n\n- get help and guidance at each step\n\n- save your forms and complete them later\n\n- review your answers and fix any mistakes\n\nYou need to print out the forms and sign them when you\u2019ve finished.\n\n## Sign in to your account\n\nSign in to continue making your LPA.\n\n## Use the paper forms\n\nDownload the forms and print them out.\n\n## Signing the forms\n\nYou need to sign the forms before you send them off. They also need to be signed by:\n\n- the attorneys\n\n- witnesses\n\n- a \u2018certificate provider\u2019, who confirms you\u2019re making the LPA by choice and you understand what you\u2019re doing\n\nEveryone must sign the same original document. They cannot sign copies or use digital signatures.\n\n## Who can be a witness or certificate provider\n\nWitnesses and certificate providers must be 18 or over.\n\nAttorneys can witness each other sign, but they cannot:\n\n- witness you sign\n\n- sign as the certificate provider\n\nYou cannot be a witness if you\u2019re the person appointing an attorney.\n\n## Get help\n\nAsk the Office of the Public Guardian about help you can get if you:\n\n- do not have a computer or printer\n\n- want to use the online service but need some help\n\n## Register a lasting power of attorney\n\nWhen you\u2019ve made your lasting power of attorney (LPA), you need to register it with the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG).\n\nIt takes up to 15 weeks to register an LPA if there are no mistakes in the application.\n\nYou can apply to register your LPA yourself if you\u2019re able to make your own decisions.\n\nYour attorney can also register it for you. You\u2019ll be told if they do and you can object to the registration.\n\n## Notify people\n\nBefore you register, send a form to notify people (LP3) to all the \u2018people to notify\u2019 (also called \u2018people to be told\u2019) you listed in the LPA.\n\nThey\u2019ll have 3 weeks to raise any concerns with OPG.\n\nIf you\u2019re using the online service to make an LPA, it will create and fill in the LP3 forms for you.\n\n## How to register\n\nApply to register as soon as you\u2019ve sent forms to notify people.\n\nTo register, you need to sign your completed LPA form and send it to OPG.\n\nIf you create your LPA form using the online service, you will need to print it out to do this.\n\nThe address is also on the form. Make sure you include the original LPA form and the fee.\n\nYou can send a certified copy if you do not have the original form. Write a covering letter to explain why you do not have the original.\n\n## If you made your LPA with an older paper form\n\nYou can register by filling in form LP2 if you made your LPA:\n\n- on forms LPA114 or LPA117 before 1 January 2016\n\n- on forms LP PA or LP PW before 1 April 2011\n\nOtherwise you\u2019ll need to make a new LPA.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nIt costs \u00a382 to register each LPA unless you get a reduction or exemption.\n\nThis means it costs \u00a3164 to register both a property and financial affairs LPA and a health and welfare LPA.\n\nYou can pay by:\n\n- credit or debit card\n\n- cheque\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018Office of the Public Guardian\u2019 and write your name on the back. Send it to OPG with your forms.\n\n## If you make a mistake on your form\n\nDepending on the type of mistake, OPG may let you correct it and apply again within 3 months for \u00a341.\n\n## Get a reduction or exemption\n\nYou can apply for a reduction if you earn less than \u00a312,000. You might also be able to apply for an exemption if you\u2019re on certain benefits, such as Income Support.\n\nDownload and fill in the application form. The form has more information about eligibility.\n\n## Certify a copy of a lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can confirm that a copy of your lasting power of attorney (LPA) is genuine by \u2018certifying\u2019 it if you\u2019re still able to make your own decisions.\n\nYou or your attorney can use a certified copy to register your LPA if you do not have the original form.\n\nYour attorney can also use the certified copy to prove they have permission to make decisions on your behalf, for example to manage your bank account.\n\n## How to certify a copy\n\nWrite the following text on the bottom of every page of the copy:\n\n\u201cI certify this is a true and complete copy of the corresponding page of the original lasting power of attorney.\u201d\n\nOn the final page of the copy, you must also write:\n\n\u201cI certify this is a true and complete copy of the lasting power of attorney.\u201d\n\nYou need to sign and date every page.\n\n## Other ways to certify a copy\n\nCopies of your LPA can also be certified by:\n\n- a solicitor\n\n- a person authorised to carry out notarial activities\n\n## Change your lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can ask the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) to change your lasting power of attorney (LPA) if it\u2019s been registered and you still have mental capacity to make decisions.\n\n## If you want to remove one of your attorneys\n\nYou will need to send OPG a written statement called a \u2018partial deed of revocation\u2019.\n\nIf you want to add another attorney you need to end your LPA and make a new one.\n\nUse the following wording. Replace the words in the square brackets with the relevant details.\n\nPartial deed of revocation\n\n\u201cThis partial deed of revocation is made by [donor\u2019s name] of [donor\u2019s address].\n\n1: I granted a lasting power of attorney for property and financial affairs/health and welfare [delete as appropriate] on [date donor signed the lasting power of attorney] appointing [name of first attorney] of [address of first attorney] and [name of second attorney] of [address of second attorney] to act as my attorney(s).\n\n2: I hereby revoke [attorney\u2019s name that you are revoking] ONLY from the lasting power of attorney and the authority granted to him/her.\n\nSigned and delivered as a deed [donor\u2019s signature]\nDate signed [date] \nWitnessed by [signature of witness] \nFull name of witness [name of witness] \nAddress of witness [address of witness]\u201d\n\n## Where to send a partial deed of revocation\n\nSend the partial deed of revocation to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) with the original LPA document. You must also tell your attorney or attorneys that you\u2019re ending your LPA.\n\n## If your attorney\u2019s details change\n\nYou must write to OPG if one of your attorneys has changed their:\n\n- name - by marriage or deed poll\n\n- address\n\nYou need to provide supporting documents, such as the original marriage certificate, with their new name and address.\n\nDo not make changes to your LPA document itself, as it might become invalid. You must contact OPG to make changes to your LPA.\n\n## If one of your attorneys dies\n\nYou must tell OPG and send them:\n\n- a copy of their death certificate\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- all certified copies of the LPA\n\n- a return address where your documents can be sent back to\n\n## End your lasting power of attorney\n\nYou can end your lasting power of attorney (LPA) yourself - if you have mental capacity to make that decision.\n\nYou need to send the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) both:\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- a written statement called a \u2018deed of revocation\u2019\n\nUse the following wording for the deed of revocation. Replace the words in the square brackets with the relevant details.\n\nDeed of revocation\n\n\u201cThis deed of revocation is made by [your name] of [your address].\n\n1: I granted a lasting power of attorney for property and financial affairs/health and welfare (delete as appropriate) on [date you signed the lasting power of attorney] appointing [name of first attorney] of [address of first attorney] and [name of second attorney] of [address of second attorney] to act as my attorney(s).\n\n2: I revoke the lasting power of attorney and the authority granted by it.\n\nSigned and delivered as a deed [your signature]\nDate signed [date]\nWitnessed by [signature of witness]\nFull name of witness [name of witness]\nAddress of witness [address of witness]\u201d\n\nYou must be able to make your own decisions when you end your LPA.\n\nYou can also complain if you have concerns about your attorney, for example if they\u2019re not carrying out their responsibilities properly.\n\n## Other ways a lasting power of attorney can end\n\nYour LPA may end if your attorney:\n\n- loses the ability to make decisions - \u2018loses mental capacity\u2019\n\n- divorces you or ends your civil partnership if they\u2019re your husband, wife or partner\n\n- becomes bankrupt or they\u2019re subject to a Debt Relief Order (DRO) - if they\u2019re a property and financial affairs attorney\n\n- is removed by the Court of Protection\n\n- dies\n\n## If your only attorney dies\n\nYour LPA will end if your attorney dies and you have no replacement attorneys. You must tell OPG and send them:\n\n- a copy of their death certificate\n\n- the original LPA\n\n- all certified copies of the LPA\n\n- a return address where your documents can be sent back to\n\nYour LPA can continue if:\n\n- there are other attorneys who can act \u2018jointly and severally\u2019 - but not if they are only allowed to act \u2018jointly\u2019\n\n- there are replacement attorneys\n\n## If you die\n\nYour LPA will end automatically when you die. Your affairs will be looked after by your executors or personal representatives from that point, not your attorney.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/power-of-attorney", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Because I have a family history of dementia, I would like to make a lasting power of attorney naming my daughter as my attorney, should I become mentally incapacitated. I'm 57 years old and live in England. I know that it's quite expensive to create a power of attorney and I'm currently on income support so may struggle to afford it. My earnings are only \u00a310,000 per year at this time.", + "original_question": "Can you get financial assistance with the cost of making a lasting power of attorney?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2129", + "question": "Scenario: I am moving to a new home provided by council. I am already on housing benefits and income support benefits. I am planning to buy some white goods but have no money. I am currently receiving income support.\n\nQuestion: As I am already on benefits , will I be eligible for Budgeting Loans ?\n\nDocument - Budgeting Loans:\n## How they work\n\nA Budgeting Loan can help pay for:\n\n- furniture or household items (for example, washing machines or other \u2018white goods\u2019)\n\n- clothes or footwear\n\n- rent in advance\n\n- costs linked to moving house\n\n- maintenance, improvements or security for your home\n\n- travelling costs within the UK\n\n- costs linked to getting a new job\n\n- maternity costs\n\n- funeral costs\n\n- repaying hire purchase loans\n\n- repaying loans taken for the above items\n\nCrisis Loans are not available any more.\n\nYou may be eligible for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on certain benefits for 6 months.\n\nYou only have to pay back the amount you borrow, and repayments are taken automatically from your benefits.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Check if you're eligible\n\nTo get a Budgeting Loan you must have been getting one or more of these benefits for the past 6 months:\n\n- Income Support\n\n- income-based Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- income-related Employment and Support Allowance\n\n- Pension Credit\n\nIf you moved from Universal Credit to Pension Credit, any time spent claiming Universal Credit will count towards the 6 months.\n\nYou cannot get a Budgeting Loan if:\n\n- you are currently claiming Universal Credit - apply for a Budgeting Advance instead\n\n- you\u2019re involved in industrial action (for example, a strike, walkout or lockout)\n\n- you owe more than \u00a31,500 in total for Crisis Loans and Budgeting Loans\n\nIf you live in Northern Ireland, go to Budgeting Loans in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you could get\n\nThe lowest amount you can borrow is \u00a3100. You could get up to:\n\n- \u00a3348 if you\u2019re single\n\n- \u00a3464 if you have a partner\n\n- \u00a3812 if you or your partner claim Child Benefit\n\nHow much you could get depends on whether you:\n\n- can pay the loan back\n\n- have savings of more than \u00a31,000 (\u00a32,000 if you or your partner are 63 or over)\n\n- are paying back an existing Budgeting Loan or Crisis Loan\n\n## Paying back the loan\n\nA Budgeting Loan is interest free so you only pay back what you borrow.\n\nThe repayments will be taken automatically from your benefits. The amount you repay is based on your income - including any benefits you receive - and what you can afford.\n\nAfter you apply for a Budgeting Loan, you\u2019ll get an email, text or letter telling you if you\u2019ve been offered a loan. This explains how much your weekly repayments will be if you accept the loan.\n\nYou normally have to repay the loan within 2 years (104 weeks). If you stop getting benefits, you\u2019ll need to arrange another way to repay.\n\n## Apply\n\nCheck you\u2019re eligible before you apply.\n\nIf you get Universal Credit you cannot get a Budgeting Loan. You\u2019ll need to apply for a Budgeting Advance\u00a0instead.\n\nYou can apply online or using the paper form. It\u2019s quicker to apply online.\n\n## Apply online\n\nWhen you apply online, you can choose to get a decision on your loan by either:\n\n- email\n\n- text message\n\n- letter\n\nIt\u2019s quicker to get the decision by email or text message and accept it online.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to apply for a Budgeting Loan in Northern Ireland.\n\nApply online\n\n## Apply using the paper form\n\nYou will need to fill in form SF500. You can:\n\n- download and print the form\n\n- phone the Social Fund Enquiry Line and ask for a form to be posted to you - allow 7 days for the form to arrive\n\nReturn your completed form by post.\n\n## After you apply\n\nAfter you apply you will be given a decision on your application. You need to accept the decision before you get your money.\n\n## If you apply online\n\nYou\u2019ll find out if you\u2019ve been offered a loan within:\n\n- 7 days if you get the decision by text or email\n\n- 21 days if you get the decision by letter\n\n## If you apply by post\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter telling you if you\u2019ve been offered a loan within 21 days.\n\n## Accepting the loan\n\nHow you accept the loan depends on how you applied.\n\n## Accept online\n\nYou can accept the loan offer online by following the instructions in the text or email.\n\n## Accept by post\n\nYou can accept by signing page 4 of the acceptance letter and returning it in the pre-paid envelope provided. Make sure the reply slip is folded so that the return address is fully visible in the envelope window.\n\nReturn it to the address on the letter. Do not send it to your local Jobcentre Plus office as this may delay getting your loan.\n\n## Getting your money\n\nYou\u2019ll get your money within:\n\n- 7 days of accepting the loan offer online\n\n- 21 days of your loan offer acceptance being received by post\n\nThe money will be paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a text message confirming this has been done.\n\n## Questions about your application\n\nCall the Social Fund Enquiry Line if you have a question about the progress of your application.\n\nYou should wait:\n\n- 14 days before phoning if you applied online\n\n- 21 days before phoning if you applied by post\n\nYour application may not have been processed before then.\n\n## Other help you can get\n\nYou may be able to get other kinds of support, including:\n\n- help from your local council and Jobcentre Plus\n\n- the Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales\n\n- a Crisis Grant or Community Care Grant in Scotland\n\n- Discretionary Support or a Short-term Benefit Advance in Northern Ireland", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/budgeting-help-benefits", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am moving to a new home provided by council. I am already on housing benefits and income support benefits. I am planning to buy some white goods but have no money. I am currently receiving income support.", + "original_question": "As I am already on benefits , will I be eligible for Budgeting Loans ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2130", + "question": "Scenario: I am the owner-occupier of a house in Birmingham, where I live with my wife. My wife became a paraplegic as a result of a traffic accident three years ago, and this has required us to extend our house to provide extra storage space for her mobility aids. The property is my wife's main home.\n\nQuestion: If the extension moves our house into a higher council tax band, can I claim a discount on the basis of my wife's disability?\n\nDocument - Council Tax:\n## Working out your Council Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know 3 things:\n\n- the valuation band for your home in England and Wales or in Scotland\n\n- how much your local council charges for that band\n\n- whether you can get a discount or exemption from the full bill\n\nYou may be able to get Council Tax Reduction (this used to be called Council Tax Benefit) if you\u2019re on a low income or get benefits.\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think your home is in the wrong valuation band.\n\n## Changes that may affect your Council Tax band\n\nYour property may be revalued and put in a different band in some circumstances, for example if:\n\n- you demolish part of your property and do not rebuild it\n\n- you alter your property to create 2 or more self-contained units, for example an annexe - each unit will have its own band\n\n- you split a single property into self-contained flats\n\n- you convert flats into a single property\n\n- you start or stop working from home\n\n- the previous owner made changes to your property\n\n- there are significant changes to your local area, like a new road being built\n\n- a similar property in your area has its Council Tax band changed\n\nAsk the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you want to know if changes to your property will affect your Council Tax band.\n\n## Who has to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax if you\u2019re 18 or over and own or rent a home.\n\nA full Council Tax bill is based on at least 2 adults living in a home. Spouses and partners who live together are jointly responsible for paying the bill.\n\nYou\u2019ll get 25% off your bill if you count as an adult for Council Tax and either:\n\n- you live on your own\n\n- no-one else in your home counts as an adult\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a 50% discount if no-one living in your home, including you, counts as an adult.\n\nYou will not have to pay any Council Tax if everyone in your home, including you, is a full-time student.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Who does not count as an adult?\n\nThese people are not counted as adults for Council Tax:\n\n- children under 18\n\n- people on some apprentice schemes\n\n- 18 and 19-year-olds in full-time education\n\n- full-time college and university students\n\n- young people under 25 who get funding from the Skills Funding Agency or Young People\u2019s Learning Agency\n\n- student nurses\n\n- foreign language assistants registered with the British Council\n\n- people with a severe mental impairment\n\n- live-in carers who look after someone who is not their partner, spouse, or child under 18\n\n- diplomats\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019re unsure about whether you can get a discount or who\u2019s responsible for paying.\n\n## People on apprentice schemes\n\nTo show that you do not qualify as an adult for Council Tax, you\u2019ll need a declaration from your employer stating that:\n\n- you will not be paid more than \u00a3195 a week\n\n- the training leads to a qualification accredited by a body recognised by the Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation (Ofqual) or the Scottish Vocational Education Council (SVEC)\n\n## If you get a Council Tax discount by mistake\n\nYou must tell your council. If you do not, you could get a fine.\n\nThe council may ask you to pay back the discount.\n\n## Discounts for full-time students\n\nHouseholds where everyone\u2019s a full-time student do not have to pay Council Tax. If you do get a bill, you can apply for an exemption.\n\nTo count as a full-time student, your course must:\n\n- last at least 1 year\n\n- involve at least 21 hours study per week\n\nIf you study for a qualification up to A level and you\u2019re under 20, your course must:\n\n- last at least 3 months\n\n- involve at least 12 hours study per week\n\nYou\u2019ll get a Council Tax bill if there\u2019s someone in your household who\u2019s not a full-time student, but your household might still qualify for a discount.\n\n## Discounts for disabled people\n\nPeople who are severely mentally impaired are not included when working out Council Tax.\n\nYou also are not included if you\u2019re a live-in carer looking after someone who is not your partner, spouse, or child under 18.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Disabled Band Reduction Scheme\n\nYou may be eligible for the scheme if you live in a larger property than you would need if you or another occupant were not disabled.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve either:\n\n- an extra bathroom, kitchen or other room that you need for the disabled person\n\n- extra space inside the property for using a wheelchair\n\nThe property must be the main home of at least 1 disabled person. This can be an adult or a child - it does not have to be the person responsible for paying the Council Tax.\n\nCheck if you qualify for the scheme.\n\n## Second homes and empty properties\n\nYou may be able to get a discount if you have a second home or an empty property - it\u2019s up to your council to decide.\n\nCouncils can charge extra Council Tax for empty properties.\n\n## Second homes\n\nYou may pay less Council Tax for a property you own or rent that\u2019s not your main home.\n\nCouncils can give furnished second homes or holiday homes a discount of up to 50%. Contact your council to find out if you can get a discount - it\u2019s up to them how much you can get.\n\n## Empty properties\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax on an empty home, but your council can decide to give you a discount - the amount is up to them. Contact your council to ask about a discount.\n\nYou can be charged up to double your Council Tax if your home has been empty for 2 years or more (unless it\u2019s an annexe or you\u2019re in the armed forces).\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland.\n\n## When you do not pay Council Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re selling a property on behalf of an owner who\u2019s died, you won\u2019t need to pay Council Tax until after you get probate as long as the property remains empty. After probate is granted, you may be able to get a Council Tax exemption for another 6 months if the property is both:\n\n- unoccupied\n\n- still owned and in the name of the person who died\n\nSome homes do not get a Council Tax bill for as long as they stay empty. They include homes:\n\n- of someone in prison (except for not paying a fine or Council Tax)\n\n- of someone who\u2019s moved into a care home or hospital\n\n- that have been repossessed\n\n- that cannot be lived in by law, for example if they\u2019re derelict\n\n- that are empty because they\u2019ve been compulsory purchased and will be demolished\n\nYou may get a discount if your home is undergoing major repair work or structural changes, for example your walls are being rebuilt.\n\n## If your property\u2019s been refurbished\n\nYour council will tell you when you have to start paying Council Tax if you\u2019ve been carrying out major home improvements on an empty property or building a new property.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018completion notice\u2019 that tells you the date you must start paying Council Tax.\n\n## If your property\u2019s derelict\n\nYour property\u2019s only considered derelict if it:\n\n- is not possible to live in it, for example because it\u2019s been damaged by weather, rot or vandalism\n\n- would need major structural works to make it \u2018wind and watertight\u2019 again\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think a derelict property should be removed from the Council Tax valuation list.\n\n## Paying your bill\n\nYour Council Tax bill tells you:\n\n- how much you have to pay for the year\n\n- how that amount has been worked out\n\n- the dates you have to pay\n\nThe cost is usually split into 10 monthly payments. Contact your council immediately if you\u2019re having trouble paying - they can help you, for example by spreading your payments over 12 months instead of 10.\n\nThe council can take action to reclaim any debts you owe if you get behind with your payments.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nYou can usually pay your Council Tax online.\n\nYou can also use \u2018Paypoint\u2019, \u2018Payzone\u2019 or \u2018Quickcards\u2019 for cash payments at post offices, banks, newsagents and convenience stores.\n\nCheck your bill to find out which other payment methods you can use.\n\n## If you\u2019ve overpaid\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019ve paid too much Council Tax and have not received an automatic refund.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the owner-occupier of a house in Birmingham, where I live with my wife. My wife became a paraplegic as a result of a traffic accident three years ago, and this has required us to extend our house to provide extra storage space for her mobility aids. The property is my wife's main home.", + "original_question": "If the extension moves our house into a higher council tax band, can I claim a discount on the basis of my wife's disability?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2131", + "question": "Scenario: Our parents in law will be visiting us in Uk during summer time from canada and our house is small. My partner and i have come up with an idea of putting a caravan in our garden to accomodate them. My farm is 16 hectares in size.\n\nQuestion: Is this a permitted development?\n\nDocument - Planning permission for farms:\n## When you need it\n\nFarms are covered by the same planning regulations as other types of property. Some planning rules include special conditions for agricultural buildings and land.\n\nYou need planning permission if:\n\n- you want to change how you use your land or buildings from farming to something else\n\n- you want to build a house on the land\n\nYou will also usually need planning permission if you are applying for a grant to fund a project that needs a building or other development.\n\n## When you don\u2019t need it\n\nYou don\u2019t need planning permission:\n\n- for farming operations\n\n- to use buildings already on your land for farming purposes\n\n- to change the inside of a building, or make small alterations to the outside - eg installing an alarm box\n\n- if there are permitted development rights\n\nBefore starting work on the project, always check with:\n\n- your local planning authority in England and Wales\n\n- your local planning authority in Scotland\n\n- you local area planning office in Northern Ireland\n\nIf you don\u2019t get planning permission when you need it you may have to stop work on the development or demolish it.\n\n## Apply for planning permission\n\nIn England and Wales, you can apply online at the Planning Portal.\n\nIn Scotland you can apply online at ePlanning Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you apply for planning permission to your local area planning office.\n\n## Permitted development\n\nPermitted development means that if your farm is 5 hectares or more, you have the right to:\n\n- erect, extend or alter a building\n\n- carry out excavations and engineering operations needed for agricultural purposes - though you may still require approval for certain details of the development.\n\nThe types of permitted development include:\n\n- temporary uses of land\n\n- agricultural buildings below a certain size\n\n- forestry buildings\n\n- caravan sites and related buildings in some circumstances\n\nCheck with your local planning authority (or local area planning office in Northern Ireland) before making use of permitted development rights to make sure your development won\u2019t need planning permission.\n\nThe Agricultural Document Library (ADLib) has policy planning guidance on permitted development and farms.\n\n## Appeals\n\nThe way you appeal and the deadlines for appealing are different depending on which country you\u2019re in. See the relevant planning guide for more information:\n\n- England and Wales\n\n- Scotland", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/planning-permissions-for-farms", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "Our parents in law will be visiting us in Uk during summer time from canada and our house is small. My partner and i have come up with an idea of putting a caravan in our garden to accomodate them. My farm is 16 hectares in size.", + "original_question": "Is this a permitted development?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2135", + "question": "Scenario: My Brother is a Music artist and just discovered that a certain local radio station is using his Music without his awareness. After contacting them they said that are open for a discussion out of court. We have been unable to reach an agreement.\n\nQuestion: Can he use a mediator?\n\nDocument - Defend your intellectual property:\n## Overview\n\nIt\u2019s your responsibility to defend your intellectual property (IP) and to take action if someone\u2019s used it without permission (known as \u2018infringement\u2019).\n\nExamples of IP infringement include when someone:\n\n- uses, sells or imports your patented product or process\n\n- uses all or some of your work under copyright without your permission\n\n- makes, offers or sells your registered design for commercial gain\n\n- uses a trade mark that\u2019s identical or similar to one you\u2019ve registered\n\nYou can take the following steps.\n\n- Get the other party to stop using your IP or come to an agreement with them, for example license your IP.\n\n- Use mediation or another type of dispute resolution.\n\n- Take legal action if you can\u2019t resolve the dispute by other means.\n\nYou may want to get help from an IP professional, such as a solicitor. The Intellectual Property Office (IPO) can also help.\n\n## Report IP crime\n\nIt can be a criminal offence to copy or use copyright material and registered trade marks and designs without permission.\n\nReport suspected IP crime to Trading Standards by contacting Citizens Advice.\n\nYou can also report it anonymously through:\n\n- Crimestoppers\n\n- Action Fraud\n\n## Get help and advice\n\nAn intellectual property (IP) professional can give you legal advice on a dispute, or act on your behalf.\n\nFind an IP professional through organisations including:\n\n- The Chartered Institute of Patent Attorneys\n\n- The Chartered Institute of Trade Mark Attorneys\n\n- The Law Society (England and Wales)\n\n- The Law Society of Scotland\n\n- The Law Society of Northern Ireland\n\n## Contact the Intellectual Property Office (IPO)\n\nYou can contact IPO for:\n\n- an opinion on whether your patent or supplementary protection certificate is being infringed - it costs \u00a3200\n\n- to start legal proceedings over some types of IP dispute (this does not include copyright infringement)\n\n- general advice on IP\n\n## Come to an agreement\n\nIf someone is using your IP without your permission you can contact them and ask them to stop.\n\nYou can be sued for making unjustified threats. You may want to seek legal advice before contacting the other party.\n\n## Make a deal\n\nYou can offer to make a deal with the other party, which is usually cheaper and quicker than going to court.\n\nRead the guidance on how to license, sell, mortgage and market your:\n\n- copyright\n\n- patent\n\n- design\n\n- trade mark\n\nYou can also come to a coexistence agreement with someone who has a similar trade mark.\n\n## Use a mediator\n\nYou can use a mediator if you can\u2019t come to an agreement over an intellectual property (IP) dispute.\n\nMediation can be used in most IP disputes. This includes disputes about:\n\n- trade marks\n\n- copyright\n\n- designs\n\n- patents\n\nMediation is a way of resolving disputes without going to court. It\u2019s cheaper and quicker than taking legal action and the outcome is usually beneficial to all parties.\n\nMediators provide an independent view on a dispute. They can\u2019t make a decision for you, but they can help to find a solution that both parties accept.\n\nDiscussions with a mediator are confidential and can\u2019t be used in court later if the dispute isn\u2019t resolved.\n\n## IPO mediation service\n\nThe Intellectual Property Office (IPO) has its own mediation service.\n\nWhat you will pay for mediation depends on the type and length of mediation session.\n\nRead guidance on IPO\u2019s mediation service, including information on fees.\n\n## Other mediators you can use\n\nYou can also use the:\n\n- Civil Mediation Council (England and Wales)\n\n- Scottish Mediation Network\n\n- Northern Ireland Mediation\n\n## Take legal action\n\nYou can file legal proceedings either through the Intellectual Property Office (IPO) or through the courts.\n\nSome types of proceedings can only be filed through one or the other. For example, copyright infringement claims can only be filed through the courts.\n\nA court will expect you to have tried to resolve your dispute - possibly using mediation - before starting legal proceedings.\n\nYou can pay an Intellectual Property Professional to help you.\n\n## File through IPO\n\nContact IPO for more information on filing through them.\n\n## File through the courts in England and Wales\n\nThe court you go to depends on the nature, complexity and value of your claim.\n\n## Claims below \u00a310,000\n\nUse the Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) small claims track if your claim is for less than \u00a310,000 and for infringement of one of the following:\n\n- copyright\n\n- passing off\n\n- trade marks\n\n- breach of confidence\n\n- unregistered design rights\n\nYou don\u2019t need a lawyer to use the IPEC small claims track.\n\n## Claims up to \u00a3500,000\n\nYou can take a case for any IP right to the Intellectual Property Enterprise Court (IPEC) if you do not wish to claim more than:\n\n- \u00a350,000 for legal costs\n\n- \u00a3500,000 for damages\n\n## If you\u2019re claiming more than \u00a3500,000 in damages\n\nUse the Chancery Division of the High Court of England and Wales - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.\n\n## File through the courts in Scotland\n\nUse the Court of Session if your claim is complex or valuable - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.\n\n## File through the courts in Northern Ireland\n\nYou can use the Chancery Division of the High Court of Northern Ireland if your claim is complex or valuable - there are no limits to legal costs or damages you can claim.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/defend-your-intellectual-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Brother is a Music artist and just discovered that a certain local radio station is using his Music without his awareness. After contacting them they said that are open for a discussion out of court. We have been unable to reach an agreement.", + "original_question": "Can he use a mediator?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2136", + "question": "Scenario: I am the owner of a high street retailing business which has fallen on hard times in the wake of the pandemic. At our peak we had over 150 employees, who were represented by a trade union whom we voluntarily recognised six years ago. Now our headcount has fallen below 20, and the remaining workers include a union shop steward who is being unreasonably obstructive of our attempts to turn the company around. I have had only 17 employees for the last year.\n\nQuestion: Given the shrunken state of the business, is it now possible to get the union derecognised?\n\nDocument - Derecognise a union:\n## Overview\n\nTrade unions can be recognised to represent groups of employees in a company in negotiations over pay, holidays and working conditions through either:\n\n- a voluntary agreement with the employer\n\n- a declaration by the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC).\n\nThree years after a CAC declaration of recognition, employers and workers can apply to the CAC to have a union derecognised.\n\nIf the application is successful, the union will cease to represent the workforce in negotiations with the employer.\n\n## When employers can apply\n\nWhere recognition has been declared by the CAC, you can apply to have a union derecognised in any of the following situations:\n\n- the number of people employed by the company has fallen to less than 21\n\n- workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union\n\n- the number of union members in the bargaining unit has fallen to below 50%\n\n## When workers can apply\n\nYou can apply to have a union derecognised if workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union and don\u2019t want to be represented by the union.\n\nYou can apply to have a non-independent union derecognised if the majority of workers do not support it.\n\n## Employers: reduced workforce\n\nAs an employer, you can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to have a trade union derecognised if both of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period\n\n- it is more than 3 years since recognition was declared by the CAC\n\nYou must give written notice to the union asking for the union to be derecognised. Notice must be given within 5 days of the end of the relevant 13-week period.\n\nYour letter must include the following details:\n\n- the specific 13-week period during which you had less than 21 workers\n\n- the number of workers you employed in that time\n\n- the current bargaining arrangements\n\n- the date you want the arrangements to end - this must be at least 35 working days after the request was made\n\nYou must give a copy of the letter to the CAC. The CAC will tell you within 10 days if the notice you gave the union was valid.\n\n## Your notice is valid\n\nThe union will be derecognised and you won\u2019t have to negotiate with them anymore, unless they make an application to the CAC because they believe that:\n\n- the 13-week period was within 3 years of them gaining recognition\n\n- your company employed 21 or more workers during that time\n\n## Your notice isn\u2019t valid\n\nYou must continue with the current collective bargaining arrangements.\n\n## Employers: union loses support\n\nYou can try to get a union derecognised if the workers in the bargaining unit no longer support it and don\u2019t want it to negotiate on their behalf.\n\n## Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise\n\nYou must send a written request to the union, stating:\n\n- that you wish to end the bargaining arrangements because you believe that the union no longer has the support of the workers\n\n- what the current arrangements are\n\n- that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\nThe union has 10 working days to respond to your request.\n\nYou can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.\n\n## The union agrees to negotiate\n\nIf they reject your request but agree to negotiate, you\u2019ll have another 20 working days to come to an agreement about derecognition.\n\nWithin this period, either side can ask the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) to help with negotiations. You may extend this period if the union agrees.\n\n## The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request\n\nYou can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.\n\nYou can only apply if both of these are true:\n\n- the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition\n\nSend the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. Send a copy to the union.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nThe CAC will arrange a secret ballot of workers if your application is successful.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.\n\n## Employers: union membership is less than 50%\n\nIf the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago, a union can be derecognised if the level of union membership in the bargaining unit falls below 50%.\n\nApply to the CAC to hold a secret ballot of employees on whether collective bargaining should be ended.\n\nYou can only apply if:\n\n- the CAC declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\n## Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise\n\nYou must send a written request to the unions, stating:\n\n- that fewer than 50% of the workers in the bargaining unit are union members\n\n- what the current bargaining arrangements are, eg how many workers are in the bargaining unit, where they work\n\n- that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\nThe union has 10 working days to respond to your request.\n\nYou can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.\n\n## The union rejects your request but is willing to negotiate\n\nYou have 10 days to negotiate an agreement about derecognition. You can extend this period if the union agrees.\n\n## The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request\n\nApply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.\n\nYou can\u2019t apply if there have been any applications to CAC for an end to bargaining arrangements in the previous 3 years.\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) that less than 50% of the bargaining unit are union members.\n\nSend the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. You must send copies of the form and evidence to the union.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nThe CAC will arrange for a secret ballot of the workers to be held if your application is successful.\n\nYou will have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.\n\n## Workers: union loses support\n\nYou can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for a secret ballot on derecognition if you believe the union no longer has the support of the bargaining unit.\n\nYou can only apply if both of these are true:\n\n- the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition\n\nSend the completed form and your evidence to both the union and the CAC.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs information to support your application, eg evidence of levels of union support.\n\nYour application will either be:\n\n- rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days\n\n## Taking part in negotiations\n\nCAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.\n\nThe outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:\n\n- you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised\n\n- no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot\n\n## Workers: derecognise a non-independent union\n\nAn employee or group of workers can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to derecognise a non-independent union that the employer recognised voluntarily.\n\nA non-independent union represents employees but has not been given a certificate of independence by the Certification Officer. You can check this on the Certification Officer\u2019s website.\n\nYou can apply any time after the union has been recognised by the employer.\n\n## Apply for a secret ballot\n\nApply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to find out if they want the union derecognsied.\n\nThe form must be completed and signed by an employee in the bargaining unit.\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of employees in the bargaining are likely to favour an end to the bargaining arrangements\n\nSend the completed form plus your documents to CAC. Send a signed copy of the form and evidence to the union and your employer.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nYour application will either be:\n\n- rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days\n\n## Taking part in negotiations\n\nCAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.\n\nThe outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:\n\n- you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised\n\n- no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot\n\n## Holding a derecognition ballot\n\nWhen employers, workers and the union have tried to reach agreement about derecognition but failed, the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will hold a secret ballot.\n\nCAC will write to everyone involved, saying that they intend to hold a ballot to allow workers in the bargaining unit to vote on derecognition.\n\n## How the ballot works\n\nCAC will appoint a qualified independent person (QIP) who will aim to conduct the ballot within 20 working days of their appointment. The CAC may extend this period if necessary.\n\nThe QIP will provide an estimate for the cost of running the ballot. The arrangements for the ballot will be decided by the CAC after consulting the employer and the union.\n\nThe final cost of the ballot will be split equally between the employer and the union.\n\nThe employer and the union must follow the Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition.\n\n## Complain when someone doesn\u2019t co-operate\n\nComplain to CAC any time before the ballot is held if you feel someone isn\u2019t co-operating.\n\nThe union can complain to the CAC if the employer is not fulfilling their duties during the ballot.\n\nCAC will investigate and can issue a \u2018remedial order\u2019 demanding that all duties are carried out properly.\n\nIf that order is ignored CAC can cancel the ballot or declare that the union be derecognised.\n\n## Complain about unfair practices\n\nComplain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if you feel that another party is using unfair practices to influence the ballot, eg bribery or threats.\n\nTo make a complaint fill in the unfair practices application form and send it to CAC. The address is on the form.\n\nComplaints can be made at any time up to the end of day after the ballot closes.\n\nWhere CAC finds that unfair practices were used they may:\n\n- reschedule the ballot\n\n- cancel the ballot and declare that the union is derecognised\n\n- cancel the ballot and refuse the application for derecognition\n\nThe Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition has more information.\n\n## After the ballot\n\nYou\u2019ll usually find out the result of the vote 48 hours after the ballot closes.\n\nFor a union to be derecognised the majority of those voting, and at least 40% of the workers in the bargaining unit, must vote in favour of ending the bargaining arrangements.\n\nThe Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will declare the union as derecognised or will refuse the application for derecognition.\n\n## Paying for the ballot\n\nThe employer and the union will each receive a demand from the qualified independent person (QIP) for their share of the cost of running the ballot.\n\nThis must be paid in 15 days. If either party wishes to dispute the amount they can appeal to an employment tribunal.\n\n## What you must do\n\nAs an employer, you no longer have to work with a union that\u2019s been derecognised.\n\nYou must continue to work with a union if the CAC have refused the application for derecognition. You cannot reapply for the union to be derecognised for 3 years.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am the owner of a high street retailing business which has fallen on hard times in the wake of the pandemic. At our peak we had over 150 employees, who were represented by a trade union whom we voluntarily recognised six years ago. Now our headcount has fallen below 20, and the remaining workers include a union shop steward who is being unreasonably obstructive of our attempts to turn the company around. I have had only 17 employees for the last year.", + "original_question": "Given the shrunken state of the business, is it now possible to get the union derecognised?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2139", + "question": "Scenario: I live in England . I have an unpaid mortgage due to the change of my income. I was hospitalized the whole of last year due to long terms covid Complications and lost my job.The lender has taken repossession action against me. I currently only have an income for \u00a35,000 per year.\n\nQuestion: Can i get a legal aid?\n\nDocument - Repossession:\n## Get advice\n\nYou may be able to postpone or stop your home being repossessed.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind a solicitor.\n\nYou can also get free advice from:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- National Debtline\n\n- Shelter\n\n- your local council\n\nThe law for repossession in Scotland is different.\n\n## Before it goes to court\n\n## What your mortgage lender must do\n\nBefore a mortgage lender can repossess your home, they must:\n\n- tell you how much you owe\n\n- consider a request from you to change the way you pay your mortgage\n\n- respond to any offer of payment you make\n\n- give you reasons for turning down your offer of payment within 10 days\n\n- give you a reasonable amount of time to consider any proposal they make\n\n- give you 15 days\u2019 written warning if they plan to start court action\n\n- tell you the date and time of a repossession hearing\n\n- let your council know within 5 days of getting notification of the date of the court hearing, in case you need to apply to the council as homeless\n\n## Finding a solution\n\nEven if your mortgage lender starts a court action, you may still be able to reach an agreement with them.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to attend court to tell the judge about the agreement, unless the court tells you the hearing\u2019s been cancelled or postponed.\n\n## Defence form\n\nIf your lender starts a repossession action against you, the court will send you a blank defence form and guidance on how to fill it in.\n\nYou can use the form to explain why you think the lender should not repossess your home. You need to return it within 14 days.\n\nThe court will also send you:\n\n- copies of the claim forms for possessing your home, filled in by your lender\n\n- a court hearing date\n\n- the court\u2019s contact details\n\n## Help with legal costs\n\n## Legal aid\n\nIf you\u2019re on a low income you may be able to get legal aid.\n\n## Free legal advice on the day\n\nIf you have not got help before, you can get last-minute legal help under the Housing Possession Court Duty scheme.\n\nThe scheme runs in county courts in England and Wales. It provides you with a specialist adviser on the day of your hearing who can:\n\n- represent you\n\n- help you come to an arrangement with your mortgage lender to pay off your debts\n\nTo find out about the scheme in your area, contact your local council or the court where your case is being heard.\n\n## The hearing\n\nRepossession hearings normally take place in a judge\u2019s chambers, not in a court room (although it\u2019s treated as a court).\n\nYou can bring an adviser or friend to the hearing, although they must be an adult.\n\nIf you do not attend the court hearing, it\u2019s likely the judge will give your mortgage lender the right to evict you.\n\nYou must keep to any agreement you make in court to pay off arrears. If you do not, you may still risk losing your home.\n\n## What to bring with you\n\nYou\u2019ll likely be asked for proof of your finances. This can include:\n\n- payslips\n\n- bank statements\n\n- job offers\n\n- letters about benefits\n\n- estate agent letter, for example if you\u2019re trying to sell your home to pay off the mortgage\n\n## Repossession orders\n\nThe lender can only repossess your home if the court grants permission.\n\nThe judge could decide to:\n\n- adjourn (delay) the hearing\n\n- set aside the case, which means no order will be made and the hearing is finished\n\n- make a repossession order\n\n## Outright possession order\n\nThis gives the lender a legal right to own your home on the date given in the order and is sometimes called an \u2018order for possession\u2019. This is usually 28 days after your court hearing.\n\nIf you do not leave your home by the date given in the order, your lender can ask the court to evict you.\n\n## Suspended possession order\n\nThis means that if you make regular payments as set out in the order, you can stay in your home.\n\nIf you do not make the payments, your lender can ask the court to evict you.\n\n## Money order\n\nThis means that you have to pay the lender the amount set out in the order.\n\nIf you do not make these payments:\n\n- money could be deducted from your wages or bank account\n\n- bailiffs may take away things you own\n\nYour lender cannot use a money order to evict you from your home. If you do not make payments set out in a money order on time, your lender could go to court again. As a result, the judge could decide to give them a possession order.\n\n## Possession order with money judgment\n\nA money judgment is usually added to a possession order. It means you owe a specific amount of money usually made up of:\n\n- your mortgage arrears\n\n- court fees\n\n- your lender\u2019s legal costs\n\nA money judgment will not apply if:\n\n- you pay your mortgage arrears and any amount set out in a suspended order\n\n- your lender sells your home and the sale price is more than the amount set out in the money judgment\n\nIf you do not pay the amount set out in the money judgment, the lender may ask the court to carry out the instructions in the possession order and the judgment.\n\n## Time order\n\nThis means that the judge changes the amount you pay on your mortgage for a set time by:\n\n- changing the regular amount you pay\n\n- changing the interest rate on your mortgage\n\n- delaying the next time you have to make a payment\n\nIf you do not make the payments, your lender can ask the court to evict you.\n\nA time order is usually only made on some types of loan like a second mortgage.\n\n## Delaying eviction\n\nYou can ask a judge to \u2018suspend the warrant for possession\u2019. This means delaying the eviction or allowing you to stay in your home if you are able to make payments again.\n\nA new hearing will be held but the judge will not automatically agree to suspend the possession warrant \u2013 it depends what happens in court.\n\nIf you want to get a warrant suspended, get advice immediately.\n\n## Applying for a suspension\n\nIf you want to apply for a suspension, you should fill out the application notice and either send it or deliver it to the court.\n\nYou must tell the court that you need a hearing at short notice (before your eviction date). You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee.\n\nYou may not have to pay the fee (otherwise known as \u2018fee remission\u2019) if you\u2019re on benefits or low pay.\n\n## Appealing a judge's decision\n\nIf you think the judge made mistakes about the law or the facts of your case in the original hearing, you may be able to appeal.\n\nGet legal advice if you want to appeal.\n\nNormally the appeal will be heard by a more senior judge.\n\n## Permission to appeal\n\nYou can ask the judge at the end of your original possession hearing if you can appeal.\n\nIf the judge refuses to give permission to appeal, you can ask a more senior judge.\n\nIf you get permission, make an application as soon as possible after your original possession hearing. You\u2019ll have to pay a court fee.\n\nYou may not have to pay the fee if you\u2019re on benefits or low pay.\n\n## What could happen\n\nAt the appeal, the judge can make a number of decisions including:\n\n- keeping the original decision\n\n- dismissing the previous decision or changing it\n\n- ordering a new hearing\n\nThe judge can also decide who pays the legal costs of the appeal.\n\n## If your home is repossessed\n\n## Help from your council\n\nYour local council must give you advice to help you find a new home.\n\nDepending on your circumstances, they may also be able to provide you with emergency accommodation or a more permanent home.\n\n## Buying another property\n\nYou must tell any new mortgage lender that your previous home was repossessed. This could make getting a new mortgage hard.\n\nYour previous lender may be able to claim some of the proceeds of your new home if you still owe them money when you sell it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/repossession", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in England . I have an unpaid mortgage due to the change of my income. I was hospitalized the whole of last year due to long terms covid Complications and lost my job.The lender has taken repossession action against me. I currently only have an income for \u00a35,000 per year.", + "original_question": "Can i get a legal aid?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2140", + "question": "Scenario: I am 41, registered blind with my local council and live in England in a home which I share with my wife, who works part-time to provide for us. I have a certificate for my blindness.\n\nQuestion: Can I claim Blind Person's Allowance, and then transfer it to my wife so that she can claim it against her taxes?\n\nDocument - Blind Person's Allowance:\n## Overview\n\nBlind Person\u2019s Allowance is an extra amount of tax-free allowance.\n\nIt means you can earn more before you start paying Income Tax.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nBlind Person\u2019s Allowance is added to your yearly Personal Allowance - the amount of money you can earn before you start paying Income Tax.\n\n| Tax year | Blind Person\u2019s Allowance |\n\n| 2021 to 2022 | \u00a32,520 |\n\n| 2020 to 2021 | \u00a32,500 |\n\nIf you and your spouse or civil partner are both eligible, you\u2019ll each get an allowance.\n\nYou can transfer your Blind Person\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner if you do not pay tax or earn enough to use all of your allowance.\n\n## Previous tax years\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) publishes tables with tax rates that include Blind Person\u2019s Allowance for current and past tax years.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## England and Wales\n\nYou can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re registered with your local council as blind or severely sight impaired\n\n- you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)\n\n## Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\nYou can claim Blind Person\u2019s Allowance if both of the following apply:\n\n- you cannot do work for which eyesight is essential\n\n- you have a certificate that says you\u2019re blind or severely sight impaired (or a similar document from your doctor)\n\n## How to claim\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) to claim.\n\n## Transfer your allowance\n\nYou can transfer your Blind Person\u2019s Allowance to your spouse or civil partner if you do not pay tax or cannot use all of it.\n\nYou can do this:\n\n- if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership\n\n- if you\u2019re living with your spouse or civil partner\n\n- whether or not your spouse or civil partner is blind\n\nYou can still transfer your allowance if you\u2019re unable to live with your spouse or civil partner because of:\n\n- illness or old age, for example where your spouse or partner is in residential care\n\n- working away from home\n\n- an armed forces posting\n\n- being in prison\n\n- training or education\n\n## How to transfer your allowance\n\nTo transfer your allowance to a spouse or civil partner, use form 575 or call HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou\u2019ll also get the option to transfer any Married Couple\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf you\u2019re making a claim to get tax back on savings and investment interest using form R40 you can also ask for a copy of form 575 by ticking the appropriate box.\n\n## Get the form in another format\n\nContact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you need the form in a different format, for example Braille.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/blind-persons-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 41, registered blind with my local council and live in England in a home which I share with my wife, who works part-time to provide for us. I have a certificate for my blindness.", + "original_question": "Can I claim Blind Person's Allowance, and then transfer it to my wife so that she can claim it against her taxes?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2142", + "question": "Scenario: I am currently employed part-time as a care assistant and am also studying for a first degree in social work via a non-residential part-time course offered by my local university. My household income is around \u00a316,000 pa, but my employer does not directly contribute to the cost of my training. The course is approved.\n\nQuestion: Am I likely to be eligible for a social work bursary?\n\nDocument - Social work bursaries:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re training for social work you may get a bursary.\n\nSocial work bursaries:\n\n- help with living costs and tuition fees\n\n- don\u2019t depend on your household income\n\n- don\u2019t have to be paid back\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThe social work bursary is a grant that doesn\u2019t depend on your household income and doesn\u2019t have to be paid back.\n\nThe amount you get depends on:\n\n- where you study\n\n- whether you study full or part-time\n\n- the cost of your tuition\n\nGraduates doing an undergraduate social work course can apply for the Maintenance Loan part of the main student finance \npackage.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nSocial work bursaries are paid in 3 instalments, one each term.\n\n## If you\u2019re disabled\n\nYou may be able to get extra help if you\u2019re disabled and a postgraduate student.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nSocial work bursaries are available to eligible social work students who:\n\n- don\u2019t get funding from their employer\n\n- are studying an approved undergraduate or postgraduate course in social work\n\n- don\u2019t already have a higher education social work qualification\n\nYour university or college will tell you if your course qualifies.\n\nUndergraduate students may also be able to get help from the main student finance \npackage - apply to Student Finance England.\n\nYou\u2019re not eligible for a bursary if you\u2019re studying on an employment-based course including direct Open University courses.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to download forms from NHS Business Services Authority. The address to send the form is in the guidance notes.\n\nThe deadline for 2017 to 2018 applications depends on when you start your course:\n\n| Course starts | Application deadline |\n\n| Autumn term | 1 November 2017 |\n\n| Winter term | 14 February 2018 |\n\n## Evidence needed\n\nYou may need to prove your identity by sending both:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- your passport (which must be valid)", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/social-work-bursaries", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am currently employed part-time as a care assistant and am also studying for a first degree in social work via a non-residential part-time course offered by my local university. My household income is around \u00a316,000 pa, but my employer does not directly contribute to the cost of my training. The course is approved.", + "original_question": "Am I likely to be eligible for a social work bursary?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2143", + "question": "Scenario: I am an employer and due to the reduced work force the number of employees represented by the union has reduced to 10. The union is recognized entity by CAC since 2017. I have only employed 20 people for the past 14 weeks.\n\nQuestion: Can i give notice to CAC to deregister it?\n\nDocument - Derecognise a union:\n## Overview\n\nTrade unions can be recognised to represent groups of employees in a company in negotiations over pay, holidays and working conditions through either:\n\n- a voluntary agreement with the employer\n\n- a declaration by the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC).\n\nThree years after a CAC declaration of recognition, employers and workers can apply to the CAC to have a union derecognised.\n\nIf the application is successful, the union will cease to represent the workforce in negotiations with the employer.\n\n## When employers can apply\n\nWhere recognition has been declared by the CAC, you can apply to have a union derecognised in any of the following situations:\n\n- the number of people employed by the company has fallen to less than 21\n\n- workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union\n\n- the number of union members in the bargaining unit has fallen to below 50%\n\n## When workers can apply\n\nYou can apply to have a union derecognised if workers in the bargaining unit no longer support the union and don\u2019t want to be represented by the union.\n\nYou can apply to have a non-independent union derecognised if the majority of workers do not support it.\n\n## Employers: reduced workforce\n\nAs an employer, you can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to have a trade union derecognised if both of the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019ve employed less than 21 people for a continuous 13-week period\n\n- it is more than 3 years since recognition was declared by the CAC\n\nYou must give written notice to the union asking for the union to be derecognised. Notice must be given within 5 days of the end of the relevant 13-week period.\n\nYour letter must include the following details:\n\n- the specific 13-week period during which you had less than 21 workers\n\n- the number of workers you employed in that time\n\n- the current bargaining arrangements\n\n- the date you want the arrangements to end - this must be at least 35 working days after the request was made\n\nYou must give a copy of the letter to the CAC. The CAC will tell you within 10 days if the notice you gave the union was valid.\n\n## Your notice is valid\n\nThe union will be derecognised and you won\u2019t have to negotiate with them anymore, unless they make an application to the CAC because they believe that:\n\n- the 13-week period was within 3 years of them gaining recognition\n\n- your company employed 21 or more workers during that time\n\n## Your notice isn\u2019t valid\n\nYou must continue with the current collective bargaining arrangements.\n\n## Employers: union loses support\n\nYou can try to get a union derecognised if the workers in the bargaining unit no longer support it and don\u2019t want it to negotiate on their behalf.\n\n## Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise\n\nYou must send a written request to the union, stating:\n\n- that you wish to end the bargaining arrangements because you believe that the union no longer has the support of the workers\n\n- what the current arrangements are\n\n- that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\nThe union has 10 working days to respond to your request.\n\nYou can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.\n\n## The union agrees to negotiate\n\nIf they reject your request but agree to negotiate, you\u2019ll have another 20 working days to come to an agreement about derecognition.\n\nWithin this period, either side can ask the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) to help with negotiations. You may extend this period if the union agrees.\n\n## The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request\n\nYou can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.\n\nYou can only apply if both of these are true:\n\n- the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition\n\nSend the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. Send a copy to the union.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nThe CAC will arrange a secret ballot of workers if your application is successful.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.\n\n## Employers: union membership is less than 50%\n\nIf the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago, a union can be derecognised if the level of union membership in the bargaining unit falls below 50%.\n\nApply to the CAC to hold a secret ballot of employees on whether collective bargaining should be ended.\n\nYou can only apply if:\n\n- the CAC declared recognition without a ballot more than 3 years ago\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\n## Ask the union to voluntarily derecognise\n\nYou must send a written request to the unions, stating:\n\n- that fewer than 50% of the workers in the bargaining unit are union members\n\n- what the current bargaining arrangements are, eg how many workers are in the bargaining unit, where they work\n\n- that the request is made under Schedule A1 of the Trade Union and Labour Relations (Consolidation) Act 1992\n\nThe union has 10 working days to respond to your request.\n\nYou can end the bargaining arrangements and derecognise the union if they accept your request.\n\n## The union rejects your request but is willing to negotiate\n\nYou have 10 days to negotiate an agreement about derecognition. You can extend this period if the union agrees.\n\n## The union doesn\u2019t respond or rejects your request\n\nApply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to see if they support derecognition.\n\nYou can\u2019t apply if there have been any applications to CAC for an end to bargaining arrangements in the previous 3 years.\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) that less than 50% of the bargaining unit are union members.\n\nSend the completed form and your supporting documents to CAC. You must send copies of the form and evidence to the union.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nThe CAC will arrange for a secret ballot of the workers to be held if your application is successful.\n\nYou will have to continue negotiating with the union if your application fails.\n\n## Workers: union loses support\n\nYou can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) for a secret ballot on derecognition if you believe the union no longer has the support of the bargaining unit.\n\nYou can only apply if both of these are true:\n\n- the union has been recognised for longer than 3 years\n\n- there haven\u2019t been any applications to CAC for derecognition in the previous 3 years\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of workers in the bargaining unit are likely vote for derecognition\n\nSend the completed form and your evidence to both the union and the CAC.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs information to support your application, eg evidence of levels of union support.\n\nYour application will either be:\n\n- rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days\n\n## Taking part in negotiations\n\nCAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.\n\nThe outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:\n\n- you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised\n\n- no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot\n\n## Workers: derecognise a non-independent union\n\nAn employee or group of workers can apply to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) to derecognise a non-independent union that the employer recognised voluntarily.\n\nA non-independent union represents employees but has not been given a certificate of independence by the Certification Officer. You can check this on the Certification Officer\u2019s website.\n\nYou can apply any time after the union has been recognised by the employer.\n\n## Apply for a secret ballot\n\nApply to CAC to hold a secret ballot of workers to find out if they want the union derecognsied.\n\nThe form must be completed and signed by an employee in the bargaining unit.\n\nProvide evidence (eg letters supporting your application, workplace surveys) for both of the following:\n\n- at least 10% of the workers in the bargaining unit want the union to be derecognised\n\n- a majority of employees in the bargaining are likely to favour an end to the bargaining arrangements\n\nSend the completed form plus your documents to CAC. Send a signed copy of the form and evidence to the union and your employer.\n\n## What happens next\n\nCAC has 10 working days to consider your application.\n\nYou may be asked to attend a hearing if CAC needs more information before deciding whether to grant your application.\n\nYour application will either be:\n\n- rejected and the union will continue to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- accepted and you\u2019ll enter a negotiation period of 20 working days\n\n## Taking part in negotiations\n\nCAC will try to help everyone involved reach an agreement. They may extend the 20-day negotiation period if everyone agrees.\n\nThe outcome of the negotiations will be one of the following:\n\n- you withdraw your application and the union continues to represent the bargaining unit\n\n- the union agrees to end the arrangements and is derecognised\n\n- no agreement is reached and CAC arranges a secret ballot\n\n## Holding a derecognition ballot\n\nWhen employers, workers and the union have tried to reach agreement about derecognition but failed, the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will hold a secret ballot.\n\nCAC will write to everyone involved, saying that they intend to hold a ballot to allow workers in the bargaining unit to vote on derecognition.\n\n## How the ballot works\n\nCAC will appoint a qualified independent person (QIP) who will aim to conduct the ballot within 20 working days of their appointment. The CAC may extend this period if necessary.\n\nThe QIP will provide an estimate for the cost of running the ballot. The arrangements for the ballot will be decided by the CAC after consulting the employer and the union.\n\nThe final cost of the ballot will be split equally between the employer and the union.\n\nThe employer and the union must follow the Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition.\n\n## Complain when someone doesn\u2019t co-operate\n\nComplain to CAC any time before the ballot is held if you feel someone isn\u2019t co-operating.\n\nThe union can complain to the CAC if the employer is not fulfilling their duties during the ballot.\n\nCAC will investigate and can issue a \u2018remedial order\u2019 demanding that all duties are carried out properly.\n\nIf that order is ignored CAC can cancel the ballot or declare that the union be derecognised.\n\n## Complain about unfair practices\n\nComplain to the Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) if you feel that another party is using unfair practices to influence the ballot, eg bribery or threats.\n\nTo make a complaint fill in the unfair practices application form and send it to CAC. The address is on the form.\n\nComplaints can be made at any time up to the end of day after the ballot closes.\n\nWhere CAC finds that unfair practices were used they may:\n\n- reschedule the ballot\n\n- cancel the ballot and declare that the union is derecognised\n\n- cancel the ballot and refuse the application for derecognition\n\nThe Code of Practice on Access and Unfair Practices during Ballots for Trade Union Recognition or Derecognition has more information.\n\n## After the ballot\n\nYou\u2019ll usually find out the result of the vote 48 hours after the ballot closes.\n\nFor a union to be derecognised the majority of those voting, and at least 40% of the workers in the bargaining unit, must vote in favour of ending the bargaining arrangements.\n\nThe Central Arbitration Committee (CAC) will declare the union as derecognised or will refuse the application for derecognition.\n\n## Paying for the ballot\n\nThe employer and the union will each receive a demand from the qualified independent person (QIP) for their share of the cost of running the ballot.\n\nThis must be paid in 15 days. If either party wishes to dispute the amount they can appeal to an employment tribunal.\n\n## What you must do\n\nAs an employer, you no longer have to work with a union that\u2019s been derecognised.\n\nYou must continue to work with a union if the CAC have refused the application for derecognition. You cannot reapply for the union to be derecognised for 3 years.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/derecognise-a-union", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an employer and due to the reduced work force the number of employees represented by the union has reduced to 10. The union is recognized entity by CAC since 2017. I have only employed 20 people for the past 14 weeks.", + "original_question": "Can i give notice to CAC to deregister it?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2145", + "question": "Scenario: I am a parent of two school-age children, the eldest of which is about to begin Key Stage 3. I am devoutly religious and have moral objections to aspects of the religious and the sexual education modules taught therein. These parts of the subject are not compulsory.\n\nQuestion: Can I withdraw my child from lessons I find morally offensive?\n\nDocument - The national curriculum:\n## Overview\n\nThe \u2018basic\u2019 school curriculum includes the \u2018national curriculum\u2019, as well as religious education and sex education.\n\nThe national curriculum is a set of subjects and standards used by primary and secondary schools so children learn the same things. It covers what subjects are taught and the standards children should reach in each subject.\n\nOther types of school like academies and private schools do not have to follow the national curriculum. Academies must teach a broad and balanced curriculum including English, maths and science. They must also teach religious education.\n\n## Key stages\n\nThe national curriculum is organised into blocks of years called \u2018key stages\u2019 (KS). At the end of each key stage, the teacher will formally assess your child\u2019s performance.\n\n| Child\u2019s age | Year | Key stage | Assessment |\n\n| 3 to 4 | | Early years | |\n\n| 4 to 5 | Reception | Early years | Teacher assessments (there\u2019s also an optional assessment at the start of the year) |\n\n| 5 to 6 | Year 1 | KS1 | Phonics screening check |\n\n| 6 to 7 | Year 2 | KS1 | National tests and teacher assessments in English, maths and science |\n\n| 7 to 8 | Year 3 | KS2 | |\n\n| 8 to 9 | Year 4 | KS2 | |\n\n| 9 to 10 | Year 5 | KS2 | |\n\n| 10 to 11 | Year 6 | KS2 | National tests and teacher assessments in English and maths, and teacher assessments in science |\n\n| 11 to 12 | Year 7 | KS3 | |\n\n| 12 to 13 | Year 8 | KS3 | |\n\n| 13 to 14 | Year 9 | KS3 | |\n\n| 14 to 15 | Year 10 | KS4 | Some children take GCSEs |\n\n| 15 to 16 | Year 11 | KS4 | Most children take GCSEs or other national |\n\n## Assessments\n\nBy the end of each summer term the school must write a report on your child\u2019s progress and talk it through with you.\n\n## Key stage 1 and 2\n\nCompulsory national curriculum subjects at primary school are:\n\n- English\n\n- maths\n\n- science\n\n- design and technology\n\n- history\n\n- geography\n\n- art and design\n\n- music\n\n- physical education (PE), including swimming\n\n- computing\n\n- ancient and modern foreign languages (at key stage 2)\n\nSchools must provide religious education (RE) but parents can ask for their children to be taken out of the whole lesson or part of it.\n\nSchools often also teach:\n\n- personal, social and health education (PSHE)\n\n- citizenship\n\n- modern foreign languages (at key stage 1)\n\n## Tests and assessments\n\n## Year 1 phonics screening check\n\nThe check will take place in June when your child will read 40 words out loud to a teacher. You\u2019ll find out how your child did, and their teacher will assess whether he or she needs extra help with reading. If your child does not do well enough in the check they\u2019ll have to do it again in Year 2.\n\n## Key stage 1\n\nKey stage 1 tests cover:\n\n- English reading\n\n- English grammar, punctuation and spelling\n\n- maths\n\nYour child will take the tests in May. You can ask the school for the test results.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the results of your child\u2019s teacher assessments automatically.\n\n## Key stage 2\n\nYour child will take national tests in May when they reach the end of key stage 2. These test your child\u2019s skills in:\n\n- English reading\n\n- English grammar, punctuation and spelling\n\n- maths\n\nThe tests last less than 4 hours. You\u2019ll get the results in July.\n\nThe school will send you the results of your child\u2019s tests and teacher assessments.\n\n## Key stage 3 and 4\n\n## Key stage 3\n\nCompulsory national curriculum subjects are:\n\n- English\n\n- maths\n\n- science\n\n- history\n\n- geography\n\n- modern foreign languages\n\n- design and technology\n\n- art and design\n\n- music\n\n- physical education\n\n- citizenship\n\n- computing\n\nSchools must provide religious education (RE) and sex education from key stage 3 but parents can ask for their children to be taken out of the whole lesson or part of it.\n\n## Key stage 4\n\nDuring key stage 4 most pupils work towards national qualifications - usually GCSEs.\n\nThe compulsory national curriculum subjects are the \u2018core\u2019 and \u2018foundation\u2019 subjects.\n\nCore subjects are:\n\n- English\n\n- maths\n\n- science\n\nFoundation subjects are:\n\n- computing\n\n- physical education\n\n- citizenship\n\nSchools must also offer at least one subject from each of these areas:\n\n- arts\n\n- design and technology\n\n- humanities\n\n- modern foreign languages\n\nThey must also provide religious education (RE) and sex education at key stage 4.\n\n## English Baccalaureate (EBacc)\n\nThe EBacc is a way to measure how many pupils in a school choose to take a GCSE in these core subjects:\n\n- English language and literature\n\n- maths\n\n- the sciences\n\n- history or geography\n\n- a language\n\nFind out more about the EBacc.\n\n## Other compulsory subjects\n\nChildren must also study:\n\n- sex and relationships education (year 7 onwards)\n\n- religious education (RE)\n\nThey may not have to take exams in these subjects.\n\n## Sex and relationship education\n\nSex and relationship education (SRE) is compulsory from age 11 onwards. It involves teaching children about reproduction, sexuality and sexual health. It does not promote early sexual activity or any particular sexual orientation.\n\nSome parts of sex and relationship education are compulsory - these are part of the national curriculum for science. Parents can withdraw their children from all other parts of sex and relationship education if they want.\n\nAll schools must have a written policy on sex education, which they must make available to parents for free.\n\n## Religious education\n\nSchools have to teach RE but parents can withdraw their children for all or part of the lessons. Pupils can choose to withdraw themselves once they\u2019re 18.\n\nLocal councils are responsible for deciding the RE syllabus, but faith schools and academies can set their own.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/national-curriculum", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a parent of two school-age children, the eldest of which is about to begin Key Stage 3. I am devoutly religious and have moral objections to aspects of the religious and the sexual education modules taught therein. These parts of the subject are not compulsory.", + "original_question": "Can I withdraw my child from lessons I find morally offensive?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2146", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 41 year old from Chester and I have a CBT course arranged which unfortunately I can not attend. I have given 3 weeks notice for the course.\n\nQuestion: Can I reschedule the course for another date?\n\nDocument - Become a DVSA assessed CBT motorcycle instructor:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to become a DVSA assessed compulsory basic training (CBT) motorcycle instructor.\n\nCBT is a training course that most learner motorcycle and moped riders must take before riding on the road.\n\n## Rules for becoming a CBT instructor\n\nTo become a DVSA assessed CBT motorcycle instructor you must have a driving licence from either:\n\n- Great Britain or Northern Ireland\n\n- the EU or EEA - but you must register it\n first\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be 21 or older\n\n- have had a full category A2 or A motorcycle licence for at least 3 years\n\nYou\u2019ll have to take a 2-day assessment at a DVSA training and development centre.\n\n## When you qualify\n\nWhen you pass you must work for a motorcycle approved training body (ATB) to be able to:\n\n- provide the CBT course to learner riders\n\n- train up to 10 instructors at the ATB to also deliver CBT courses (this is known as \u2018down-training\u2019)\n\n- apply to become a direct access scheme instructor\n\n## How to book your assessment\n\nFill in the application form to book an assessment and send it to the address on the form. There\u2019s no charge for the assessment.\n\nThe Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) will contact you to arrange a date after checking your application.\n\n## If you cannot go to your assessment\n\nTell DVSA by email if you cannot attend your assessment.\n\nYou must give at least 5 working days\u2019 notice - Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays do not count as working days.\n\nYour approved training body cannot tell DVSA without giving your signature.\n\nYour application will become invalid and will count as an unsuccessful attempt if you do not tell DVSA in enough time.\n\nYou\u2019re only allowed 2 unsuccessful attempts before you have to wait a year before applying to take another assessment.\n\n## Preparing for the assessment\n\nStudy the compulsory basic training (CBT) syllabus before you take the assessment.\n\n## Other preparation\n\nYou should also study the following official Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) publications:\n\n- The Highway Code\n\n- Know your traffic signs\n\n- Learning to Ride\n\n- Riding - the Essential Skills\n\n- Theory Test for Motorcyclists\n\nYou can buy them from most high street and online book shops.\n\n## What to bring to your assessment\n\nYou need to bring:\n\n- your valid driving licence\n\n- your CBT1 card if you have one\n\n- a fully taxed, insured and roadworthy motorcycle with a power output of at least 20kW\n\nIf you have an EU or EEA licence, you must also bring confirmation of your Great Britain (GB) driver number. You need to register your licence to get a GB driver number.\n\nYour assessment will be cancelled if you do not bring these.\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to bring a pen and any notes or training aids to help you.\n\n## What the assessment involves\n\nThe compulsory basic training (CBT) instructor assessment assesses your ability to:\n\n- train learner motorcyclists in the requirements of CBT\n\n- train and guide other instructors within an approved training body\n\nThere will usually be 2 other instructors taking the assessment at the same time as you.\n\nThe DVSA assessor will play the role of a novice rider throughout the assessment.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to deliver lessons based on the topics being assessed. One or both of the other instructors will act as your supervisor. You\u2019ll then swap the roles of the instructor and supervisor.\n\n## Eyesight test\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pass an eyesight test before the assessment starts. You\u2019ll have to read a number plate from a distance of:\n\n- 26.5 metres for vehicles with a new-style number plate\n\n- 27.5 metres for vehicles with an old-style number plate\n\nNew-style number plates start with 2 letters followed by 2 numbers, for example AB51 ABC.\n\nThe rest of the assessment will not go ahead if you fail the eyesight test.\n\n## Session 1\n\nThis session focuses on element A of the CBT syllabus - introduction to CBT.\n\nThe DVSA assessor will give you an overview of the assessment.\n\nYou\u2019ll then deliver a lesson on the modules within element A of the CBT syllabus. You\u2019re allowed to use notes and training aids. The other candidates will watch your instruction and decide whether it\u2019s valid and achieves the objective.\n\n## Session 2\n\nThis session focuses on element B of the CBT syllabus - practical on-site training.\n\nYou\u2019ll be introduced to the motorcycle that will be used on-site. You should familiarise yourself with it so you can give a controls lesson or basic machine check lesson.\n\nThe \u2018novice rider\u2019 will act on the instruction you give. The other candidates will watch the instruction you give and decide whether it\u2019s a valid lesson and achieves the objective.\n\n## Sessions 3 and 4\n\nThese sessions focus on element C of the CBT syllabus - practical on-site riding.\n\nYou\u2019ll instruct the \u2018novice rider\u2019. The other candidates give a debrief at the end of each lesson.\n\nThe roles will be changed several times so you can prove your ability as an instructor and supervisor.\n\n## Session 5\n\nThis session focuses on element D of the CBT syllabus - practical on-road training.\n\nYou\u2019ll give a lesson made up of 3 modules from element D. The other candidates will supervise you, and then the roles will be swapped.\n\n## Sessions 6 and 7\n\nThese sessions focus on element E of the CBT syllabus - practical on-road riding.\n\nYou\u2019ll ride a motorcycle and follow the \u2018novice rider\u2019 on the road. You\u2019ll have to:\n\n- give instructions\n\n- correct any faults that they make\n\n- direct them over a route on public roads using radio equipment\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your own motorcycle for sessions 6 and 7.\n\n## Your assessment result\n\nYou\u2019ll be given your result and a debrief at the end of the assessment by the assessor. You\u2019ll be sent confirmation of your result by post.\n\n## Passing the assessment\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent more information about how to apply to the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) for registration as a DVSA assessed instructor.\n\nUntil you\u2019ve got your registration certificate you are not allowed to:\n\n- conduct compulsory basic training (CBT) courses\n\n- train any instructors on behalf of your approved training body (ATB)\n\n## Failing the assessment\n\nYou cannot apply to retake the assessment if you fail it twice within a 12-month period. You\u2019ll have to wait until 1 year after the date of the second assessment before applying again.\n\n## Failing if you\u2019re a down-trained instructor\n\nYou can continue to give CBT training if you\u2019re a down-trained instructor, but you\u2019ll have to have a standards check at your ATB in the near future.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-dvsa-assessed-cbt-motorcycle-instructor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 41 year old from Chester and I have a CBT course arranged which unfortunately I can not attend. I have given 3 weeks notice for the course.", + "original_question": "Can I reschedule the course for another date?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2148", + "question": "Scenario: My wife is pregnant. I am an employee who currently earns \u00a3550 per week. I have been working for this employer for five years. I want to take time off to look after my new child when it is born. I have given the correct notice to my employer.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligible for statutory paternity pay?\n\nDocument - Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave: employer guide:\n## Entitlement\n\nEmployees may be eligible for Statutory Paternity Leave and Pay if they and their partner are:\n\n- having a baby\n\n- adopting a child\n\n- having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement\n\n## Statutory Paternity Leave\n\nEmployees can choose to take either 1 week or 2 consecutive weeks\u2019 leave. The amount of time is the same even if they have more than one child (for example twins).\n\nLeave cannot start before the birth. The start date must be one of the following:\n\n- the actual date of birth\n\n- an agreed number of days after the birth\n\n- an agreed number of days after the expected week of childbirth\n\nLeave must finish within 56 days of the birth (or due date if the baby is early). The start and end dates are different if the employee is adopting.\n\n## Statutory Paternity Pay\n\nStatutory Paternity Pay for eligible employees is either \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their average weekly earnings (whichever is lower). Tax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s paternity leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator.\n\nSome employment types, like agency workers, directors and educational workers, have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nEmployees can get more leave or pay if:\n\n- their partner returns to work and they qualify for Shared Parental Leave and Pay\n\n- your company scheme offers more\n\nYou must make sure your paternity leave and pay policies are clear and easily accessible to staff.\n\n## Leave for antenatal appointments\n\nEmployees can take unpaid leave to accompany a pregnant woman to antenatal appointments if they are:\n\n- the baby\u2019s father\n\n- the expectant mother\u2019s spouse or civil partner\n\n- in a long term relationship with the expectant mother\n\n- the intended parent (if they\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)\n\nThey can accompany the woman to 2 appointments of up to 6 and a half hours each.\n\n## If the baby dies\n\nEmployees still qualify for paternity leave and pay if the baby is either:\n\n- stillborn from 24 weeks of pregnancy\n\n- born alive at any point in the pregnancy but later dies\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during paternity leave. You still have to pay Statutory Paternity Pay even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nEmployees must be one of the following, the:\n\n- father\n\n- husband or partner of the mother (or adopter)\n\n- child\u2019s adopter\n\n- intended parent (if they\u2019re having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement)\n\nEmployees must also:\n\n- be classed as an employee (paternity leave only)\n\n- be employed by you up to the date the child is born (or placed with the adopter) (paternity pay only)\n\n- be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week (gross) in an 8 week \u2018relevant period\u2019 (paternity pay only)\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- be taking time off to look after the child or their partner\n\n- be responsible for the child\u2019s upbringing\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the \u2018qualifying week\u2019\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nThe qualifying week is the 15th week before the baby is due. This is different if the employee is adopting.\n\nUse the paternity pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their relevant period, notice period and paternity pay.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave or become sick.\n\n## If the child is born early\n\nIf the child is born early, the employee is still eligible if they would have worked for you continuously for at least 26 weeks by the qualifying week.\n\nFor very premature births where the child is born 15 weeks before the due date, you\u2019ll need to calculate paternity pay using your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.\n\n## Employees in surrogacy arrangements\n\nParents intending to have a child through a surrogacy arrangement may be eligible for Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave.\n\nIf you ask, they must give you a written statement to confirm that they\u2019ve applied or intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth.\n\nEmployees cannot get Statutory Paternity Pay and Leave if they\u2019ve taken Shared Parental Leave.\n\n## Notice period\n\nThe notice periods and forms are different if the employee is adopting.\n\n## Statutory Paternity Leave\n\nEmployees must tell you at least 15 weeks before the week the baby is expected:\n\n- the baby\u2019s due date\n\n- when they want their leave to start - they can change this with 28 days\u2019 notice\n\n- how much leave they want\n\nNotice does not have to be in writing unless you request it. Employees can use form SC3 to ask for leave and pay.\n\n## Statutory Paternity Pay\n\nEmployees must request paternity pay at least 15 weeks before the week the baby is expected using form SC3 (or your own version). Take a copy and give the original back to the employee.\n\nEmployees having a baby through a surrogacy arrangement must use form SC4 to request leave and pay.\n\n## Late notice\n\nYou can delay the leave or pay start date if the employee does not have a reasonable excuse for giving you the wrong amount of notice. To delay it, write to them within 28 days of their leave request.\n\n## Adoption\n\nEligible employees are entitled to paternity leave and pay if they\u2019re adopting a child.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s paternity leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator. For overseas adoptions you\u2019ll need to use your payroll software (if it has this feature) or work it out manually.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nAn employee adopting a child must:\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the week they were matched with a child (UK adoptions)\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks by either the date the child arrives in the UK or when they want their pay to start (overseas adoptions)\n\n- confirm that their partner is getting Statutory Adoption Pay in writing or by giving you a copy of their partner\u2019s form SC6\n\n- meet the other eligibility conditions for paternity leave or pay\n\n## Notice period\n\nAn employee adopting a child must send you form SC4 for:\n\n- leave - no later than 7 days of their co-adopter or partner being matched with a child\n\n- pay - 28 days before they want their pay to start\n\nFor overseas adoptions the form and notice period is different. The process is explained on form SC5.\n\n## Leave start date\n\nAn employee taking paternity leave because they\u2019re adopting can start their leave:\n\n- on the date of placement\n\n- an agreed number of days after the date of placement\n\n- on the date the child arrives in the UK or an agreed number of days after this (overseas adoptions)\n\nFor overseas adoptions leave must be taken within 56 days of the date of placement or the child\u2019s arrival in the UK.\n\n## Proof of adoption\n\nEmployees must give you proof of adoption to qualify for paternity pay. Proof is not needed for paternity leave unless you request it. Proof can be a letter from their adoption agency or their matching certificate.\n\nYou must keep records of the proof.\n\n## Refuse pay form SPP1\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Paternity Pay if the employee does not qualify. To do this send them form SPP1 within 28 days of their pay request. You must keep a copy.\n\nThe employee can ask you for a written statement explaining your decision. You have to give this to them within a reasonable time, for example 7 working days.\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- the date Statutory Paternity Pay started\n\n- the paternity payments you\u2019ve made (including dates)\n\n- the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\n- if adopting, a letter from the adoption agency or a matching certificate\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to (for example by using form SPP2 or keeping your own records).\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-paternity-pay-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My wife is pregnant. I am an employee who currently earns \u00a3550 per week. I have been working for this employer for five years. I want to take time off to look after my new child when it is born. I have given the correct notice to my employer.", + "original_question": "Am I eligible for statutory paternity pay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2152", + "question": "Scenario: My parents moved to the united kingdom from a country once ruled by the united kingdom, I plan to stay and work in the united kingdom. My parents moved to the UK from Fiji in 1970.\n\nQuestion: Am I eligable to apply to work and live in the united kingdom under the Windrush Scheme?\n\nDocument - Windrush Scheme: get a document showing your right to be in the UK:\n## Overview\n\nIf you\u2019re settled in the UK but do not have a document to prove it, you may be eligible to apply to the \u2018Windrush Scheme\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in the UK if one of the following is true:\n\n- you came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973\n\n- your parents came to the UK from a Commonwealth country before 1973\n\n- you came to the UK from any country before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nYou might also be entitled to apply for citizenship for free if you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen who settled in the UK before 1 January 1973, or you\u2019re the child of someone who did.\n\n## If you suffered losses because you did not have documents\n\nIf you are eligible for this scheme, you might also be able to apply for compensation. The compensation scheme is for losses that happened because you could not show that you had a right to live in the UK.\n\n\u2018Losses\u2019 can be things like not being able to work, find a place to live or get health treatment. They can also include immigration action, like detention or removal from the UK.\n\n## You arrived before 1973 from a Commonwealth country\n\nYou may be able to apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if both of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a Commonwealth citizen\n\n- you were settled in the UK before 1 January 1973\n\nWhat you\u2019re entitled to depends on whether you:\n\n- have been living in the UK continuously\n\n- left the UK for more than 2 years and came back\n\n- are outside the UK\n\n## If you\u2019ve been living in the UK continuously\n\nIf you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously, or have the right of abode, you can apply for one of the following:\n\n- British citizenship\n\n- evidence you have the right of abode\n\n- a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019ve left the UK for more than 2 years and come back\n\nIf you\u2019ve been away from the UK for more than 2 years at some point and are now lawfully in the UK, you might be entitled to indefinite leave to remain.\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain you might be able to apply for either:\n\n- a document to prove you have this\n\n- British citizenship\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nIf you\u2019ve left the UK and have lost your indefinite leave to remain, you might be entitled to:\n\n- a Returning Resident visa\n\n- a 10 year multiple entry visa\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## You're the child of a Commonwealth citizen who arrived before 1973\n\nYou can apply for British citizenship or a document confirming you have indefinite leave to remain.\n\nIf you do not have indefinite leave to remain but are here lawfully, you can apply for it through the scheme.\n\nTo apply, one of your parents must be a Commonwealth citizen and either:\n\n- was settled in the UK before 1 January 1973\n\n- had the right of abode\n\nOne of the following must also be true:\n\n- you were born in the UK\n\n- you came to live in the UK before turning 18\n\nYou must have lived continuously in the UK since arriving (or being born) here.\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## You arrived before 1989\n\nYou can apply for a document to prove you can live and work in Britain if you came to live in the UK before 31 December 1988 and are now settled here.\n\nYou can be of any nationality.\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nFind out how to apply.\n\n## How to apply\n\nWhen you apply, the Home Office will work with other government departments to find records of you living in the UK.\n\nNone of your information will be shared with immigration enforcement teams.\n\n## If you\u2019re in the UK\n\nApply using the Windrush Scheme application form (UK).\n\nPost it to the address on the form with your supporting documents.\n\nThe Windrush helpline can post a paper form to you.\n\n## If you\u2019re outside the UK\n\nYou must apply using an online form.\n\n## Fee\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\n## What happens next\n\nThe Windrush taskforce will get in touch with you if they have any questions about your application, or if they need more information.\n\n## Give your fingerprints and photo\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to provide your fingerprints and photo (\u2018biometric information\u2019) once you\u2019ve sent in your form. You will not have to pay anything to do this.\n\n## Commonwealth countries\n\nYou may be eligible for the Windrush Scheme if you arrived in the UK from any country before 1989.\n\nYou may also be eligible if you or your parent is a citizen of one of the following Commonwealth countries:\n\n- Anguilla\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- The Bahamas\n\n- Bangladesh\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Bermuda\n\n- Botswana\n\n- British Antarctic Territory\n\n- British Indian Ocean Territory\n\n- Brunei\n\n- Canada\n\n- Cayman Islands\n\n- Cyprus (excluding the Sovereign base area)\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Falkland Islands\n\n- Fiji\n\n- The Gambia\n\n- Ghana\n\n- Gibraltar\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Hong Kong\n\n- India\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Kenya\n\n- Kiribati\n\n- Lesotho\n\n- Malawi\n\n- Malaysia\n\n- Maldives\n\n- Malta\n\n- Mauritius\n\n- Monserrat\n\n- Namibia\n\n- Nauru\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- Nigeria\n\n- Pakistan\n\n- Papua New Guinea\n\n- Pitcairn, Henderson, Ducie and Oeno Islands\n\n- Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha\n\n- Saint Lucia\n\n- Samoa\n\n- Seychelles\n\n- Sierra Leone\n\n- Singapore\n\n- Solomon Islands\n\n- South Africa\n\n- South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands\n\n- Sri Lanka\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Vincent and The Grenadines\n\n- Swaziland\n\n- Tanzania\n\n- Tonga\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- Turks and Caicos Islands\n\n- Tuvalu\n\n- Uganda\n\n- Vanuatu\n\n- Virgin Islands\n\n- Zambia\n\n- Zimbabwe\n\nContact the Windrush helpline for help with working out if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Windrush helpline\n\nThe Windrush helpline can:\n\n- help you make a claim\n\n- give extra support to those who need it - for example, elderly or vulnerable claimants\n\n- post a form to you\n\nIf you are outside the UK, email the helpline and request a call back.\n\nOutside of the helpline opening hours, you can leave a message to ask for your call to be returned at a convenient time.\n\nYou can also sign up for email updates about the scheme.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/windrush-prove-your-right-to-be-in-the-uk", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My parents moved to the united kingdom from a country once ruled by the united kingdom, I plan to stay and work in the united kingdom. My parents moved to the UK from Fiji in 1970.", + "original_question": "Am I eligable to apply to work and live in the united kingdom under the Windrush Scheme?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2154", + "question": "Scenario: I was born and raised in Australia. I have changed my gender and got a certificate in Australia. I have moved to UK three years back. I am currently 29 years old.\n\nQuestion: I would like to know whether I am eligible to apply for Gender Recognition Certificate in UK ?\n\nDocument - Apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate:\n## Overview\n\nApply to the Gender Recognition Panel for a Gender Recognition Certificate if you want your acquired gender to be legally recognised in the UK.\n\nThere are 3 different ways (\u2018routes\u2019) to get a certificate - which one you use depends on your situation.\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Standard route\n\nApply by the standard route if all the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria (discomfort with your birth gender) - this is also called gender identity disorder, gender incongruence or transsexualism\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 2 years\n\n- you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life\n\n## Alternative route\n\nApply by the alternative route if all the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria or had surgery to change your sexual characteristics\n\n- you live in England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland most of the time\n\n- you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life\n\n- you\u2019re in (or have been in) a protected marriage or protected civil partnership before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 6 years before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)\n\nA marriage or civil partnership is protected if it\u2019s one of the following:\n\n- registered under the law of England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\n- a marriage solemnised in Scotland\n\n- a civil partnership registered in Scotland\n\n- a marriage registered under the law of a country or territory outside the UK\n\n- a marriage on UK consular premises or in an armed forces base, if you elected England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland as the relevant part of the UK\n\n## Overseas route\n\nApply by the overseas route if your acquired gender has been legally accepted in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019 and you have documents to prove it.\n\nYou must be 18 or over.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get information, advice and support from a number of voluntary organisations - you can find a list on page 21 of the full guidance.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice or find a legal adviser.\n\n## If you're married or in a civil partnership\n\n## If you\u2019re married\n\nYou can stay married if you apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate.\n\nYou and your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration saying you both agree to stay married.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if you or your spouse do not want to remain married, or if your spouse does not fill in a statutory declaration. You can use the interim certificate as grounds to end the marriage.\n\nIf your marriage is registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland and you have an interim certificate, you\u2019ll only get a full certificate once you end your marriage.\n\nIf your marriage was registered in Scotland, you can use an interim certificate to apply to the sheriff court for a full certificate. You do not need to end your marriage first.\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel if either you or your spouse change your mind about staying married during the application process.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a civil partnership\n\nYou can stay in your civil partnership if it was registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nYour partner must fill in a statutory declaration saying they agree to stay in a civil partnership with you. Contact the Gender Recognition Panel for help with filling in the declaration.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if your partner does not fill in a statutory declaration.\n\n## Civil partnerships registered in Scotland\n\nIf your civil partnership was registered in Scotland, you must end it or convert your civil partnership to marriage.\n\nIf you decide to convert your civil partnership into a marriage you must do it before you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel.\n\nIf you\u2019re still in a civil partnership when you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel, you\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019. You must end the civil partnership before you can get a full certificate.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the right form for your application.\n\n| | Form | Guidance |\n\n| Standard route | Form T450 | Leaflet T451 |\n\n| Alternative route | Form T464 | Leaflet T465 |\n\n| Overseas route | Form T453 | Leaflet T454 |\n\nSend the completed form with your fee and any supporting documents relevant to your application.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a35 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\n## Get help with your application\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel for advice on the application process.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must send certain documents when you apply, depending on which application route you use and whether you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership.\n\nYou might need to send original documents - you\u2019ll get them back after the Gender Recognition Panel has looked at your application. You will not get any statutory declarations back.\n\nFor all application routes, you must download and fill in the relevant statutory declaration for:\n\n- single people\n\n- married people or civil partners\n\n## If you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership\n\nFor all application routes you must provide the following (if relevant):\n\n- an original or certified copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\n- a copy of the decree ending your marriage or proof that any previous civil partnership has been dissolved\n\n- a copy of your spouse\u2019s death certificate\n\nIf you want to stay married, your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration for a spouse.\n\n## Standard or alternative route\n\nFor all application routes you must send:\n\n- an original or certified copy of your birth certificate\n\n- copies of any official documents that show your birth name has changed to your current name\n\n- proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for the required time\n\n- any required medical reports\n\nYou need to have lived in your acquired gender for 2 years if applying through the standard route.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying through the alternative route you need to have lived in your acquired gender for 6 years before 10 December 2014, or 16 December 2014 if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\n## Proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender\n\nThis proof must cover the required time that you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender. It could include copies of your:\n\n- passport\n\n- driving licence\n\n- payslips or benefit documents\n\n- utility bills or other documents of an official nature\n\nAll documents should be in your acquired name and gender. The earliest document must be dated before the beginning of the required time.\n\n## Medical reports\n\nFor the standard and alternative application routes you must send a report that includes details of any treatment you\u2019ve had to change your sexual characteristics, for example hormone treatment or surgery.\n\nThe report must be an original copy from a qualified medical professional, for example a:\n\n- doctor registered with the General Medical Council (GMC)\n\n- psychologist registered with the Health and Care Professions Council\n\nYou can ask your GP or surgeon to fill in a report for you if you do not have one already.\n\nIf you have not had any treatment or surgery yet, you must send a report that includes details of any planned treatment or surgery.\n\nIf you are applying by the standard route you must also send a report with details of your gender dysphoria diagnosis.\n\nRead the list of gender dysphoria specialists to find out who can write this report for you. You can send a report from a registered medical professional not on this list if they can prove they work in gender dysphoria.\n\n## Overseas route\n\nIf you\u2019re applying using the overseas route, you must prove that your gender has been legally recognised in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019. Send original or certified copies of the following (if you have them):\n\n- your new birth certificate and old birth certificate\n\n- an amended birth certificate that shows the change of gender\n\n- a court order authorising your change of gender\n\n- a document that\u2019s equivalent to a Gender Recognition Certificate\n\n- an entry in a legal register that proves your acquired gender has been recognised\n\n## What happens next\n\nYour application will be assessed by the Gender Recognition Panel - you\u2019ll be contacted if they need more proof or information.\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel to find out about your application\u2019s progress.\n\n## If you get a full certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent information on:\n\n- how to get a new birth certificate, marriage certificate or civil partnership where appropriate\n\n- who you must tell about your gender change\n\nYour pension and benefits may be affected.\n\n## If you\u2019re given an interim certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent information on:\n\n- how to annul or dissolve your marriage or civil partnership\n\n- how long you have to convert your civil partnership to a marriage, if applicable\n\n## If your application is turned down\n\nYou\u2019ll be told why your application was rejected.\n\nYou may be able to appeal the decision if you think it\u2019s wrong on a point of law.\n\nWhere you appeal depends on whether you live in:\n\n- England and Wales - appeal to the High Court Family Division\n\n- Scotland - appeal to the Court of Session in Edinburgh\n\n- Northern Ireland - appeal to the High Court\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your decision letter how to appeal or apply again.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Gender Recognition Panel must apply the law in the Gender Recognition Act 2004 and the following amendments:\n\n- Schedule 5, Section 12 of the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013\n\n- Part 4 of the Marriage and Civil Partnership (Scotland) Act 2014", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-gender-recognition-certificate", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was born and raised in Australia. I have changed my gender and got a certificate in Australia. I have moved to UK three years back. I am currently 29 years old.", + "original_question": "I would like to know whether I am eligible to apply for Gender Recognition Certificate in UK ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2155", + "question": "Scenario: I live in Essex, England and own a small (7m) vintage fishing smack (unpowered sail boat). I would like to take this out into the Thames Estuary and North Sea to fish for mackerel and plaice. I have never done this before and only plan on doing it from time to time for leisure, as a pleasurable activity.\n\nQuestion: Do I need a Category A fishing vessel license?\n\nDocument - Get a fishing vessel licence: vessels 10 metres or under:\n## Overview\n\nYou need a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence if you want to catch and sell sea fish, unless you\u2019re exempt.\n\nCheck the licence you need if your vessel is longer than 10 metres.\n\nFollow these steps to get a Category A (10 metres or under) fishing vessel licence:\n\n- Register your vessel - you must do this before you can get a licence.\n\n- Get a licence entitlement - you\u2019ll need this to get a licence.\n\n- Apply for your licence.\n\nYou must carry your licence on board your vessel at all times.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou don\u2019t need a licence for your vessel if any of the following apply:\n\n- it doesn\u2019t have an engine\n\n- it\u2019ll only be used to fish for common eels, salmon or migratory trout\n\n- you fish only within 12 nautical miles of Jersey, Guernsey or the Isle of Man, but you\u2019ll need a licence from the relevant authority\n\n- you only use your vessel to fish for pleasure\n\n## Register your vessel\n\nYou must register your vessel on the UK Ship Registry to get a fishing vessel licence, unless your vessel is registered in the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man.\n\nTo get on the register:\n\n- arrange an inspection by a Maritime and Coastguard Agency (MCA) inspector or surveyor\n\n- fill in application form MSF4740 and send it to the address on the form\n\nYou can choose simple or full registration. Full registration lets you take out a marine mortgage against your vessel.\n\n## Registration fees\n\nSimple registration is \u00a3111 and full registration is \u00a3131.\n\n## Documents you need\n\nYou must include the following documents:\n\n- Declaration of Eligibility (MSF 4728)\n\n- original ownership documents - bill of sale, invoice or builder\u2019s certificate\n\n- Seafish Construction Certificate if your vessel was built after July 2007, or Seafish Inspection Report if your vessel was built before 2007\n\n- Safety Certificate issued by MCA (MSF 1606)\n\n- the vessel\u2019s radio call sign, if you have one\n\n- deletion certificate if the vessel was previously registered on another register\n\n- a copy of the Certificate of Incorporation if the owner is a limited company\n\nYour evidence of ownership must cover the last 3 years if you\u2019re applying for full registration.\n\n## Get a licence entitlement\n\nYou can get an entitlement by:\n\n- buying the entitlement from a vessel that has sunk, been scrapped or is no longer being used for fishing\n\n- buying a vessel with a licence\n\nYou need to make sure the entitlement is suitable for:\n\n- a vessel which is 10 metres or under (Category A)\n\n- the tonnage of your vessel and the size of the engine (kilowattage)\n\nYou can combine 2 or more entitlements if 1 is not enough to cover your vessel. You can also split an entitlement if you don\u2019t need it all.\n\n## Register an entitlement bought without a vessel\n\nGet form AFL7 from your local MMO office.\n\nRead the instructions for filling in form AFL7.\n\nFill in sections A and B of the form and send it to your local MMO office.\n\nMMO will check the previous owner has agreed to the transfer and return the form to you.\n\n## Entitlements bought with a vessel\n\nThe seller will transfer the entitlement into your name as part of the sale. MMO will send you form AFL7.\n\nUse form AFL7 to convert your entitlement into a licence.\n\n## Apply for your licence\n\nFill in application form AFL2 to apply for a Category A (10 metres or under) licence and send it to your local MMO office with your:\n\n- certificate of registry for the vessel\n\n- form AFL7 showing you as the entitlement holder\n\nSend the original documents, not copies.\n\nA licence is valid for 2 years, starting on 1 July and ending 2 years later on 30 June.\n\nYour licence will be renewed automatically.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/fishing-vessel-licence-under-10-metres", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I live in Essex, England and own a small (7m) vintage fishing smack (unpowered sail boat). I would like to take this out into the Thames Estuary and North Sea to fish for mackerel and plaice. I have never done this before and only plan on doing it from time to time for leisure, as a pleasurable activity.", + "original_question": "Do I need a Category A fishing vessel license?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2156", + "question": "Scenario: My father passed away 3 years ago after a long service of 30 years with the UK Merchant Navy, as a remembrance gift for my mother i wanted to give her a gift of a veteran seafarers badge that would have been bestowed on him as an honour. I think he would really appreciate the acknowledgement. My mom receives a War Widow's pension. I have access to the documents since I helped her get it.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to order on my dads behalf a Merchant Navy Seafarers badge now that my father has passed away?\n\nDocument - Apply for a veterans badge or a medal:\n## Apply for a veterans badge\n\nYou can get an armed forces veterans badge if you\u2019ve served in any of the UK armed forces - there\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you were in the:\n\n- army\n\n- Royal Navy\n\n- Royal Marines\n\n- Royal Air Force (RAF)\n\n- volunteer or regular reserves\n\nYou cannot apply if you:\n\n- served in the armed forces of another country\n\n- served alongside the UK armed forces, for example in the Canadian Navy or Royal Australian Air Force\n\n## If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died\n\nYou can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get either:\n\n- a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension\n\n- compensation under the Survivors Guaranteed Income Payment (SGIP)\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application for an armed forces veterans badge.\n\nYou can also call the enquiries line to get a paper application form sent to you.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give as much information on the form as possible, such as:\n\n- the force you served in, for example the army or Royal Navy\n\n- service number\n\n- period of service\n\nPost the form to the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.\n\nYou can also apply for a medal if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nIf you lose your badge, you can apply for a replacement.\n\n## Get help\n\nIf you need to contact MOD about your veterans badge application, you can phone, fax or send an email to dbs-modmo-vetsbadge@mod.gov.uk.\n\nYou cannot apply for a veterans badge by email.\n\n## Apply for a medal\n\nYou can apply for a medal if you served in the armed forces and are eligible.\n\nFind out the types of medal the Ministry of Defence (MOD) issues.\n\nYou can only apply for World War 1 medals if the original was returned.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply if you were awarded a medal for service in any of the following:\n\n- the army\n\n- the Royal Navy\n\n- the Royal Marines\n\n- the Royal Air Force (RAF)\n\n- the Home Guard\n\n- the reserve forces\n\nYou must meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal\n\nYou can apply on behalf of a veteran if you have lasting power of attorney.\n\nIf the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules for the official next of kin are:\n\n- the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has the first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the parent is entitled to apply\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse, child or parent, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the medal application form.\n\nApply through your unit if you\u2019re still serving in the armed forces.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone else, you must include a copy of either your lasting power of attorney or a death certificate.\n\nPost the form, along with any supporting documents, to the MOD Medal Office - the address is on the form. Do not send the form by email.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your medal within 12 weeks of sending the application form.\n\nYou can apply for a replacement medal if the original\u2019s been stolen or accidentally destroyed, for example in a fire.\n\n## Get help\n\nIf you need to contact MOD about your medal application, email dbs-medals@mod.gov.uk.\n\n## Replace a badge or medal\n\nYou can get the first replacement veterans badge for free.\n\nYou may be able to get a replacement medal - it depends how it was lost. You\u2019ll have to pay for the replacement medal plus a fee.\n\n## Replace a veterans badge\n\nFollow the instructions for applying for a veterans badge - you can use the same form.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get your replacement veterans badge within 6 to 8 weeks of applying.\n\nYou do not have to pay a fee if it\u2019s the first veterans badge you\u2019re replacing.\n\n## Replace a medal\n\nYou can only get a replacement medal from the Ministry of Defence (MOD) if it was stolen or destroyed, for example in a fire or flood. The medal must have been awarded for service after World War 1.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show proof by providing a copy of either a:\n\n- police crime report\n\n- successful insurance claim listing the individual items\n\nYou can also buy replacement medals from a licensed medal dealer.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the medal application form to ask for a replacement medal. Post the form to the MOD Medal Office, along with:\n\n- a letter explaining how the medal was stolen or destroyed\n\n- a copy of the police report or insurance claim\n\nThe address is on the form.\n\nContact your unit\u2019s human resources (HR) department if you\u2019re currently serving in the armed forces.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the Medal Office - usually within 10 working days of when your application\u2019s received.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how much the replacement will cost and how to pay if your application\u2019s successful. The cost depends on the type of medal. It includes an administration fee.\n\nYou\u2019ll get the replacement within 4 weeks from the Medal Office getting your payment.\n\n## Apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge\n\nYou can apply for a UK merchant seafarers veterans badge if you:\n\n- were a Merchant Navy seafarer or fisherman\n\n- served in a vessel used to support the UK Armed Forces\n\n## If you\u2019re applying on behalf of someone who\u2019s died\n\nYou can only apply on behalf of a veteran who\u2019s died if you get a War Widow\u2019s or Widower\u2019s Pension.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for a badge through the Merchant Navy Association.\n\n## Members of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary\n\nIf you\u2019re a member of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary, apply for the armed forces veterans badge.\n\n## Apply for a UK merchant navy medal\n\nYou can apply for a UK merchant navy medal if you were a member of the merchant navy and you:\n\n- served in a vessel used to support the UK armed forces\n\n- meet the eligibility requirements for the medal you\u2019re applying for\n\n## How to apply\n\nComplete the application form and send it to the address on the form. You\u2019ll also need to send your seaman\u2019s discharge book.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying for someone else\u2019s medal\n\nYou can apply for someone else if either:\n\n- they\u2019ve died\n\n- you have lasting power of attorney\n\nYou must include a copy of the death certificate or your lasting power of attorney.\n\nIf the veteran has died, you must be the official next of kin. The general rules are:\n\n- the person\u2019s spouse or civil partner has first claim to the medal, and then the eldest child\n\n- if there\u2019s no spouse or child, the eldest grandchild is entitled to apply\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision within 30 working days of your application being received.\n\n## Get help\n\nEmail seafarers_registry@mcga.gov.uk if you need help with your application.\n\n## Replace a lost or stolen medal\n\nYou\u2019ll need to complete the application form if your medal is lost or has been stolen.\n\n## If you want to appeal or complain\n\nYou can write to or email the Ministry of Defence (MOD) Medal Office if you want to:\n\n- appeal a decision\n\n- complain about how you\u2019ve been treated\n\nYou should include any new evidence you have if you make an appeal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-medal-or-veterans-badge", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father passed away 3 years ago after a long service of 30 years with the UK Merchant Navy, as a remembrance gift for my mother i wanted to give her a gift of a veteran seafarers badge that would have been bestowed on him as an honour. I think he would really appreciate the acknowledgement. My mom receives a War Widow's pension. I have access to the documents since I helped her get it.", + "original_question": "Am I able to order on my dads behalf a Merchant Navy Seafarers badge now that my father has passed away?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2158", + "question": "Scenario: I am unable to work due to a mental health condition. I have had this condition for several years and it is gradually worsening. I do not see any sign of respite. I am only 35 years old so I do not meet the age requirement for State Pension.\n\nQuestion: Are people with mental health problems eligible for ESA if the condition prevents them from working?\n\nDocument - Employment and Support Allowance (ESA):\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.\n\nYou may also be able to get ESA if you were unable to work while self-isolating or \u2018shielding\u2019 because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nESA gives you:\n\n- money to help with living costs if you\u2019re unable to work\n\n- support to get back into work if you\u2019re able to\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re employed, self-employed or unemployed.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) if you\u2019re under State Pension age and you have a disability or health condition that affects how much you can work.\n\nYou also need to have both:\n\n- worked as an employee or have been self-employed\n\n- paid enough National Insurance contributions, usually in the last 2 to 3 years - National Insurance credits also count\n\nCheck your National Insurance record for gaps.\n\nYou could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. Universal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs.\n\nYou cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you:\n\n- claim Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- claim Statutory Sick Pay\n\n## If your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) is due to end\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends. You\u2019ll start getting \u2018new style\u2019 ESA as soon as your SSP ends.\n\n## If you\u2019re working\n\nYou can apply whether you\u2019re in or out of work. There are conditions to working while claiming ESA.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been affected by coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nYou can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re unable to claim Statutory Sick Pay and one of the following applies:\n\n- you or your child might have COVID-19 or you\u2019re recovering from it\n\n- you or your child are self-isolating because you came into contact with someone who might have COVID-19\n\n- you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- you were advised to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19\n\nShielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming ESA because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll need to give evidence to support your claim.\n\n## Proof if you\u2019re self-isolating because of COVID-19\n\nIf you or your child are self-isolating and you cannot work because of COVID-19, you can get an \u2018isolation note\u2019 online from NHS 111 if you\u2019ve been off work for 7 or more days. You do not have to go to your doctor or a hospital.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been notified by the NHS or public health authorities that you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19, your notification is proof.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been advised by your doctor or healthcare professional to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery, your letter confirming the date of your procedure is proof.\n\n## Proof if you were advised to shield because of COVID-19\n\nYour doctor or health authority should have sent you a letter advising you or your child to \u2018shield\u2019 because you\u2019re clinically extremely vulnerable to COVID-19.\n\nThe letter will have included the period to shield for. It is proof of your eligibility for ESA for days away from work in that period.\n\nYou may have more than one letter covering more than one shielding period.\n\nContact your doctor if you do not have a letter but think you should have one.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nHow much you get will depend on what stage your application is at, as well as things like your age and whether you\u2019re able to get back into work.\n\nIf you get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019ll earn Class 1 National Insurance credits, which can help towards your State Pension and some benefits in the future.\n\n## What might affect how much you get paid\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\nNeither your or your partner\u2019s savings or income will affect how much \u2018new style\u2019 ESA you\u2019re paid. But a private pension worth more than \u00a385 per week may affect how much you can get.\n\nIf you get income-related ESA, your household income and savings worth \u00a36,000 or more may affect how much you can get.\n\n## While your claim is being assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 for 13 weeks while your claim is being assessed.\n\nThis will be:\n\n- up to \u00a359.20 a week if you\u2019re aged under 25\n\n- up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re aged 25 or over\n\nIf it takes longer than 13 weeks to assess your claim, you\u2019ll continue getting the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until you get a decision or until your ESA is due to end. Your ESA will be backdated if you\u2019re owed any money after 13 weeks.\n\n## After you\u2019re assessed\n\nYou\u2019ll be placed into one of 2 groups if you\u2019re entitled to ESA. If you\u2019re able to get back into work in the future, you\u2019ll be put into the work-related activity group. Otherwise, you\u2019ll be put into the support group.\n\nYou\u2019ll get:\n\n- up to \u00a374.70 a week if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group\n\n- up to \u00a3114.10 a week if you\u2019re in the support group\n\n## If you\u2019re in the support group\n\nIf you\u2019re in the support group and on income-related ESA, you\u2019re also entitled to the enhanced disability premium.\n\nYou may also qualify for the severe disability premium.\n\nFind out how to apply for a disability premium.\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nYou\u2019ll get paid ESA every 2 weeks.\n\nAll benefits are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Other benefits you can claim\n\nUniversal Credit can help with, for example, your housing and childcare costs. You could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.\n\nUse a benefits calculator to find out what other benefits you could get, for example Personal Independence Payment (PIP) if you have a long-term health condition or disability.\n\nThe benefit cap may affect the total amount of benefit you can get. The cap will not affect you if you\u2019re in the support group.\n\n## If you\u2019re moving to Universal Credit from income-related ESA\n\nIf your income-related ESA claim is ending because you\u2019re making a new claim for Universal Credit, you\u2019ll automatically continue to get the amount of ESA you currently receive, as long as you\u2019re still eligible. You\u2019ll normally get this for 2 weeks, starting from the date of your new claim.\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will write to you telling you how this works.\n\nYou do not need to pay this money back, and it will not affect the amount of Universal Credit you get.\n\n## Budgeting Loan\n\nYou can apply for a Budgeting Loan if you\u2019ve been on income-related ESA for at least 6 months.\n\n## Advice on money and debt\n\nYou can get help and advice from your Jobcentre Plus work coach or:\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Money Advice Service\n\n- National Debtline\n\n- Shelter\n\n- Turn2us\n\n## Working while you claim\n\nYou can usually work while you are claiming ESA if both of the following apply:\n\n- you work less than 16 hours a week\n\n- you do not earn more than \u00a3143 a week\n\nTell Jobcentre Plus about your work when you make a claim.\n\nSend this form to Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re already claiming ESA and you want to start work.\n\n## When you can work 16 hours or more a week\n\nYou can work more than 16 hours a week if the work is either voluntary or \u2018supported permitted work\u2019.\n\n## Supported permitted work\n\nThe work must be either:\n\n- supervised by someone from a local council or voluntary organisation who arranges work for disabled people\n\n- part of a treatment programme under medical supervision\n\nYou can still earn no more than \u00a3143 a week.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou could get Universal Credit at the same time or instead of \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. \nCheck if you\u2019re eligible for Universal Credit.\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to apply in Northern Ireland.\n\n## What you need to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- your National Insurance number\n\n- your bank or building society account number and sort code (you can use a friend or family member\u2019s account if you do not have one)\n\n- your doctor\u2019s name, address and telephone number\n\n- details of your income if you\u2019re working\n\n- the date your Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) ends if you\u2019re claiming it\n\nYou cannot get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA if you\u2019re getting Statutory Sick Pay (SSP) from an employer. You can apply for \u2018new style\u2019 ESA up to 3 months before your SSP ends.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying because of COVID-19, you\u2019ll also need:\n\n- an \u2018isolation note\u2019 if you\u2019re unable to work because of COVID-19\n\n- your notification from the NHS or public health authorities if you\u2019ve been told to self-isolate because you\u2019ve come into contact with someone with COVID-19\n\n- a letter confirming the date of your procedure if you\u2019ve been advised to self-isolate before going into hospital for surgery\n\n- a letter from your doctor or a health authority advising you or your child to shield (take extra precautions to reduce contact with others) because you\u2019re at very high risk of severe illness from COVID-19\n\nShielding in England, Scotland and Wales has stopped. You can still apply for ESA if you were shielding in England or shielding in Wales before 1 April 2021, or if you were shielding in Scotland before 26 April 2021.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll be contacted by phone and told when to give the evidence and where to send it.\n\nApply now\n\n## When you can apply by phone\n\nCall the Universal Credit helpline if:\n\n- you cannot make an application online\n\n- you\u2019re an appointee for someone\n\n## After you apply\n\nThe Department for Work and Pensions (DWP) will contact you within 10 working days of applying.\n\n## If you\u2019re eligible\n\nDWP will contact you within 10 working days to schedule an appointment that you must attend. It will normally be over the phone with a work coach from your local Jobcentre Plus office.\n\nYour work coach will explain what you need to do to get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA. They will create an agreement with you called a \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019.\n\nYou must agree to your Claimant Commitment before you can get \u2018new style\u2019 ESA.\n\nAt the appointment, you\u2019ll be asked to:\n\n- explain how your illness or disability affects your ability to work\n\n- provide medical evidence\n\n- agree to tell your local Jobcentre Plus if your circumstances change\n\n## If you\u2019re not eligible\n\nDWP will send you a letter within 10 working days of applying to explain why you\u2019re not eligible for ESA.\n\n## If you disagree with a decision\n\nYou can challenge a decision about your claim. This is called asking for \u2018mandatory reconsideration\u2019.\n\n## Reapplying for ESA\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\nYou may be able to reapply after your \u2018new style\u2019 ESA ends. You may qualify again depending on:\n\n- what National Insurance contributions you paid in the last 2 full tax years before the tax year you\u2019re claiming in\n\n- whether you\u2019re placed in the support group because you developed a new condition or your health deteriorated\n\n## Your ESA claim\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made your claim, you\u2019ll be told if you need to have a \u2018Work Capability Assessment\u2019 and what group you\u2019ll be put in.\n\n## Work Capability Assessment\n\nA Work Capability Assessment is used to find out if your illness or disability affects how much you can work.\n\nYou might not need one, for example if you\u2019re in hospital or you have a terminal illness.\n\nIf you need a Work Capability Assessment you\u2019ll get a letter telling you to fill in the \u2018Capability for work questionnaire\u2019 and send it to the Health Assessment Advisory Service. The address is on the form. The questionnaire is different in Northern Ireland.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what happens next, for example if you need an appointment to understand your health condition better.\n\nIf you\u2019re claiming both Universal Credit and \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you\u2019ll only have one Work Capability Assessment.\n\nYou can ask for your assessment to be recorded. If you would like this, tell the Health Assessment Advisory Service using the contact details in your appointment invite letter.\n\n## How the assessment happens\n\nAssessments can be in person, by video call or on the phone. You\u2019ll be told how your assessment will take place.\n\nIf you\u2019re asked to attend in person you\u2019ll be told how to do this safely because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can bring one adult from your household with you.\n\nIf your assessment is by phone or video call, you can have someone else with you, for example a friend or support worker. You can ask the assessor to call them if they\u2019re not with you when the assessment starts.\n\nYou\u2019ll stay on the \u2018assessment rate\u2019 until a decision can be made on your Work Capability Assessment.\n\n## After your claim is assessed\n\nIf you\u2019re entitled to ESA you\u2019ll be placed in one of 2 groups:\n\n- a work-related activity group (you cannot work now, but can prepare to work in the future, for example by writing a CV)\n\n- a support group (you cannot work now and you\u2019re not expected to prepare for work in the future)\n\n## If you\u2019re in the work-related activity group\n\nYou must attend regular interviews with a work coach. They can help you improve your skills or write a CV to help you get back into work.\n\n## If you\u2019re in the support group\n\nYou\u2019re usually in this group if your illness or disability severely limits what you can do. You do not have to go to interviews. You can tell your work coach if you\u2019d like to take part in work-related activities.\n\n## How long you\u2019ll get ESA for\n\nYou cannot make a new claim for income-related ESA. You\u2019ll continue to get payments while you\u2019re eligible until your claim ends.\n\n\u2018New style\u2019 and contribution-based ESA last for 365 days if you\u2019re in the work-related activity group.\n\nThere\u2019s no time limit if you\u2019re in the support group, or if you\u2019re getting income-related ESA.\n\nTo keep getting ESA you must report any change in your circumstances. You may also need to send fit notes regularly.\n\n## If you get a sanction\n\nYour ESA can be reduced if you do not attend interviews or do work-related activity as agreed with your work coach in your \u2018Claimant Commitment\u2019. This reduction can continue for up to 4 weeks after you restart work-related activities.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter to say you may be sanctioned. Tell your work coach if you have a good reason for not doing what was agreed in your Claimant Commitment.\n\nYou\u2019ll get another letter if the decision is made to give you a sanction. Your benefit will only be affected once a decision has been made.\n\nYou should contact your local council immediately if you claim Housing Benefit or Council Tax Reduction. They\u2019ll tell you what to do to continue getting support.\n\nIf you get a sanction you can:\n\n- ask for the decision to be looked at again\n\n- ask for a hardship payment\n\nYou will not get a sanction if you\u2019re in the support group.\n\n## Hardship payments\n\nIf you get income-related ESA, you may be able to get a hardship payment if your benefit has been reduced because of a sanction or a penalty due to suspected benefit fraud.\n\nA hardship payment is a reduced amount of your ESA. You do not have to pay it back.\n\nYou can get a hardship payment if you cannot pay for rent, heating, food or other basic needs for you or your family. You must be 18 or over.\n\nSpeak to your Jobcentre Plus adviser or work coach to find out how to claim a hardship payment.\n\n## Report a change of circumstances\n\nYou need to report changes to your circumstances so you keep getting the right amount of Employment and Support Allowance (ESA).\n\nYour claim might be stopped or reduced if you do not report a change straight away.\n\nA change of circumstance can include:\n\n- starting or stopping work, education, training or an apprenticeship\n\n- moving house\n\n- changing your name\n\n- people moving into or out of the place you live (for example your partner or a child)\n\n- changes to the benefits you or anyone else in your house gets\n\n- changes to your pension, savings, investments or property\n\n- changes to other money you get (for example student loans or grants, sick pay or money you get from a charity)\n\n- changing your doctor\n\n- any changes to your medical condition or disability\n\n- going into hospital or a care home or sheltered accommodation\n\n- going abroad for any length of time\n\n- changes to your immigration status, if you\u2019re not a British citizen\n\nCall Jobcentre Plus if you\u2019re not sure whether you need to report a change.\n\nYou may be prosecuted or have to pay a \u00a350 penalty if you give wrong or incomplete information.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been paid too much\n\nIf you give wrong or incomplete information or do not report a change straight away, you might be paid too much. If you are, you might have to\u00a0pay some of the money back.\n\n## How to report\n\nYou can report a change of circumstances by:\n\n- calling Jobcentre Plus\n\n- writing to the Jobcentre Plus office that pays your ESA - the address is on the letters you get about your ESA\n\nIf you get Universal Credit at the same time as \u2018new style\u2019 ESA, you must also report the changes of circumstances in your Universal Credit account.\n\n## British Sign Language (BSL) video relay service\n\nWatch a video to check you can use the service\n\nGo to the video relay service\n\nMonday to Friday, 8am to 6pm.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Northern Ireland contact the ESA Centre.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-support-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am unable to work due to a mental health condition. I have had this condition for several years and it is gradually worsening. I do not see any sign of respite. I am only 35 years old so I do not meet the age requirement for State Pension.", + "original_question": "Are people with mental health problems eligible for ESA if the condition prevents them from working?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2160", + "question": "Scenario: I have been working in a pharmacy shop without breaks due to the flow of customers. I have raised my complaint to my senior boss but has not taken it seriously but ignored me. I feel strained and under pressure. I have tried on multiple occasions to resolve the issue with my higher-ups but to no avail.\n\nQuestion: Can i make a claim to the employment tribunal?\n\nDocument - Rest breaks at work:\n## Overview\n\nWorkers over 18 are usually entitled to 3 types of break - rest breaks at work, daily rest and weekly rest.\n\n## Rest breaks at work\n\nWorkers have the right to one uninterrupted 20 minute rest break during their working day, if they work more than 6 hours a day. This could be a tea or lunch break.\n\nThe break doesn\u2019t have to be paid - it depends on their employment contract.\n\n## Daily rest\n\nWorkers have the right to 11 hours rest between working days, eg if they finish work at 8pm, they shouldn\u2019t start work again until 7am the next day.\n\n## Weekly rest\n\nWorkers have the right to either:\n\n- an uninterrupted 24 hours without any work each week\n\n- an uninterrupted 48 hours without any work each fortnight\n\nA worker\u2019s employment contract may say they\u2019re entitled to more or different rights to breaks from work.\n\n## Work that puts health and safety at risk\n\nAn employer should give an employee enough breaks to make sure their health and safety isn\u2019t at risk if that work is \u2018monotonous\u2019 (eg work on a production line).\n\nDomestic workers in a private house (eg a cleaner or au pair) aren\u2019t entitled to rest breaks for health and safety reasons.\n\n## Taking breaks\n\nEmployers can say when employees take rest breaks during work time as long as:\n\n- the break is taken in one go somewhere in the middle of the day (not at the beginning or end)\n\n- workers are allowed to spend it away from their desk or workstation (ie away from where they actually work)\n\nIt doesn\u2019t count as a rest break if an employer says an employee should go back to work before their break is finished.\n\nUnless a worker\u2019s employment contract says so, they don\u2019t have the right to:\n\n- take smoking breaks\n\n- get paid for rest breaks\n\n## Exceptions and special circumstances\n\nThere are exemptions to the rights to rest breaks.\n\nSome workers are entitled to compensatory rest breaks, eg shift workers.\n\nYoung people and lorry and coach drivers have different rights to rest breaks.\n\n## Compensatory rest\n\nWorkers may be entitled to \u2018compensatory rest\u2019 if they don\u2019t have the right to specific rest breaks. Compensatory rest breaks are the same length of time as the break (or part of it) that they\u2019ve missed.\n\nA worker may be entitled to compensatory rest if:\n\n- they\u2019re a shift worker and can\u2019t take daily or weekly rest breaks between ending one shift and starting another\n\n- their workplace is a long way from their home (eg an oil rig)\n\n- they work in different places which are a reasonable distance from each other\n\n- they\u2019re doing security and surveillance-based work\n\n- they\u2019re working in an industry which is very busy at certain times of the year \u2013 like agriculture, retail, postal services or tourism\n\n- they need to work because there\u2019s an exceptional event, an accident or a risk that an accident is about to happen\n\n- the job needs round-the-clock staffing so there aren\u2019t interruptions to any services or production (eg hospital work)\n\n- they work in the rail industry on board trains or their job is linked to making sure trains run on time\n\n- their working day is split up (eg they\u2019re a cleaner and work for part of the morning and the evening)\n\n- there is an agreement between management, trade unions or the workforce (a \u2018collective\u2019 or \u2018workforce\u2019 agreement) that has changed or removed rights to these rest breaks for a group of workers\n\nThe total rest entitlement for a week is 90 hours a week on average - this doesn\u2019t include breaks at work, which are additional.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nWorkers aren\u2019t entitled to the 3 general types of rest break if they work in:\n\n- the armed forces, emergency services or police and they\u2019re dealing with an exceptional catastrophe or disaster\n\n- a job where they freely choose what hours they work (like a managing director) or where the work is not measured (ie no set hours)\n\n- sea transport\n\n- air or road transport (known as \u2018mobile\u2019 workers)\n\nAir, sea or road transport workers may be covered by special rules that give them different rest rights.\n\nMobile workers not covered by any special rules usually have the right to regular rest so that their health and safety (or anyone else\u2019s) isn\u2019t put at risk.\n\nThere are also special rules for young workers and for lorry and coach drivers.\n\n## Young workers\n\nYoung workers (above school leaving age and under 18) are usually entitled to:\n\n- a 30 minute rest break if they work more than 4.5 hours (if possible this should be one continuous break)\n\n- daily rest of 12 hours\n\n- weekly rest of 48 hours\n\n## Exceptions for young workers\n\nYoung workers sometimes aren\u2019t entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work if their work has to be done because of an exceptional event (eg an accident). This is only where:\n\n- there isn\u2019t a worker over 18 who can do the work\n\n- the work is temporary and must be done immediately\n\n## Compensatory rest for young workers\n\nYoung workers have the right to compensatory rest if they\u2019re not entitled to daily rest or rest breaks at work. This is the same amount of rest that they should have had. It can be taken just after any rest they\u2019ve missed but it must be taken within the following 3 weeks.\n\n## Disputes\n\nWorkers who can\u2019t take or aren\u2019t allowed rest breaks should speak to their manager informally.\n\nGet more information for employees who want to raise a grievance or advice for employers on handling grievances if there is a disagreement about rest breaks.\n\nWorkers can also get advice on rest breaks from the Acas helpline.\n\nIf a worker can\u2019t solve a problem, they may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rest-breaks-work", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have been working in a pharmacy shop without breaks due to the flow of customers. I have raised my complaint to my senior boss but has not taken it seriously but ignored me. I feel strained and under pressure. I have tried on multiple occasions to resolve the issue with my higher-ups but to no avail.", + "original_question": "Can i make a claim to the employment tribunal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2164", + "question": "Scenario: We are an IT company and recently we have developed interest in Artificial Intelligence. There is a patent registered on Machine learning that we are interested in buying and seller is happy to sell it.\n\nQuestion: Is it possible to buy a patent when someone is selling it and has agreed to sign all necessary documents and keep a record of the transfer of the patent?\n\nDocument - Using somebody else's intellectual property:\n## Overview\n\nYou can usually get permission to use someone else\u2019s intellectual property (IP) by buying the rights from them or getting their permission to use it.\n\nUsing someone\u2019s trade mark, patent, copyright or design without their permission is known as \u2018IP infringement\u2019 and could lead to a fine, prison or both.\n\nRead about IP crime and enforcement for more information on the penalties.\n\n## Trade marks\n\nTo use an existing trade mark you should contact the current owner.\n\nFind the owner of a registered trade mark by searching the trade marks database.\n\n## Licensing\n\nA licence is a formal agreement to use someone else\u2019s trade mark. You and the owner must agree the terms of the licence, for example the cost or how long it will last.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve agreed a licence to use the trade mark, fill in the form to record a licensee and post it. The address is on the form.\n\nPost an application to remove or amend the record of a licence when the licensing agreement ends or if you need to change it.\n\nThe owner must sign any form you send, or you must send proof of the agreement with your application.\n\nEach application costs \u00a350.\n\n## Buying\n\nYou must tell IPO if you become the new owner of a trade mark, for example by buying it or as the result of a company merger.\n\nIn some cases the owner may only sell you one part of a trade mark, for example they may not sell the right to register derivative marks. This is known as a \u2018partial assignment\u2019.\n\nUse either:\n\n- \u2018Application to record a change of ownership\u2019 form\n\n- \u2018Application to record a partial assignment of goods and/or services\u2019 form\n\nEach application costs \u00a350.\n\nFill in the form and post it. The address is on the form.\n\n## Coexistence agreements\n\nYou may be able to use an identical trade mark (for example company name, logo) as someone else by making a coexistence agreement.\n\nThis means you agree that both of you can continue to use the trade mark.\n\n## Patents\n\nContact the owner of the patent to see if they\u2019ll:\n\n- license it to you\n\n- sell it to you\n\nSearch the patent databases to find the current owner.\n\n## Licensing\n\nAny licence arrangement, including cost, is made directly between you and the patent owner.\n\nYou can ask Intellectual Property Office (IPO) for help to resolve patent disputes if you can\u2019t reach an agreement.\n\nIPO can\u2019t decide the exact terms of the licence (for example the price) but can decide:\n\n- what can and can\u2019t be part of a licence\n\n- if the patent owner must grant you a licence (known as a \u2018compulsory licence under a patent\u2019)\n\n## Licence of right\n\nA patent with \u2018licence of right\u2019, means that the patent owners will give anyone a licence to use it.\n\nYou must still agree with the owner on the terms of the licence before you can use the patent.\n\nYou can ask IPO for help if you can\u2019t reach agreement.\n\n## Registering your licence\n\nRegister a licence agreement (or changes to an existing licence, for example cancellation) by filling in Patents form 21. Send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.\n\n## Buying a patent\n\nWhen someone sells you a patent they must transfer ownership to you.\n\nYou need a written document to record the transfer. This is known as an \u2018assignment\u2019 and must be signed by the person selling the patent.\n\nA solicitor can help you draw up this document.\n\nFill in Patents form 21 and return it to the address on the form. Include a copy of your assignment.\n\nYou can use the form to record licences on more than one patent. It costs \u00a350 for each form you submit.\n\n## Copyright\n\nYou can\u2019t copy or use copyright material without permission. For example, you can\u2019t buy a painting and then use copies of it for a book cover, or buy a CD and use a track from it in a film.\n\nTo use something protected by copyright you must either:\n\n- agree a licence with the owner to use it\n\n- buy or acquire the copyright\n\n- confirm that your intended use falls within the exceptions to copyright\n\n## Finding a copyright owner\n\nA person can give permission if they are:\n\n- the person who made it (the creator), or their family or heirs\n\n- the creator\u2019s employer, if it was created it as part of the creator\u2019s job\n\n- a person who bought, acquired or licensed the rights\n\n- an organisation representing the copyright owner\n\nYou may be able to find out who owns copyright from Writers, Artists and their copyright holders (WATCH).\n\nIf you can\u2019t find out who the copyright owner is check if you need a licence to use the work.\n\n## Licensing\n\nYou must agree the terms of an agreement with the current owner to use all or part of copyright works.\n\nThe licence agreement may allow you to use it for one or more specified purposes and may apply only for a limited time or in specific places.\n\n## Exclusive use\n\nYou\u2019ll be the only person able to use something for the duration of the agreement.\n\nThis includes the copyright owner, who won\u2019t be able to use it themselves while the agreement is in place.\n\n## Limited use\n\nYou\u2019ll only be given permission to use something for one or more specific reasons, for example publishing a photograph in one edition of a magazine or using a song as the theme for one series of a TV show.\n\nYou need to agree another licence if you want to use the material for something else.\n\n## Creative Commons licence\n\nSome copyright owners release work under a Creative Commons licence.\n\nYou must check what kind of use the licence allows.\n\n## Buying copyright\n\nWhen you buy copyright the person you\u2019re buying from transfers the copyright to you.\n\nOnce you own the copyright to something you can use it for anything you like, without the creator\u2019s express permission, as long as you respect their moral rights.\n\nYou must have a written agreement, signed by the copyright owner, stating that they have transferred ownership of the copyright to you.\n\n## Moral rights\n\nThe creator may still have certain rights regarding how their work is used even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.\n\nAuthors, playwrights, composers, artists and film directors have the moral right:\n\n- to be recognised as the creator of the work when copies are made available to the public\n\n- to object to the work being altered in a way that has negative effect on their reputation\n\n- to not have someone else\u2019s work falsely attributed to them\n\nPerformers, such as actors or dancers, have the moral right:\n\n- to be recognised as the performer of the piece\n\n- to object to the performance being altered in a way that is damaging to their reputation\n\nThe creator or performer of a piece of work to which you own the copyright must tell you if they want to exercise these rights.\n\nThey can choose whether or not to use their moral rights.\n\nMoral rights can\u2019t be sold or transferred in the same way as copyright. They last for as long as the piece of work is covered by copyright.\n\n## Performers\u2019 rights\n\nPerformers, for example in films or broadcasts, may still have \u2018economic rights\u2019 to some copyright material, even if you\u2019ve bought the copyright.\n\nFor example, if you\u2019ve bought the copyright to a filmed recording of a play you may still have to pay the actors if you broadcast it.\n\n## Permitted use of copyright works\n\nYou may not need permission if you\u2019re using a copyright work for the following reasons:\n\n- non-commercial research and private study\n\n- criticism, review and reporting current events\n\n- teaching in educational establishments\n\n- helping disabled people\n\n- recording for use at a later date\n\nYou may not need permission if you only want to use a \u2018less than a substantial\u2019 part of a copyright protected work. This is decided on a case by case basis.\n\nGenerally something won\u2019t be less than a substantial part if it could be seen as an important part of the work, for example a frame from a film or the conclusions of a report.\n\nGet legal advice from an intellectual property professional before using copyrighted material, if you\u2019re in any doubt.\n\nRead the guidance on exceptions to copyright for detailed information.\n\n## Designs\n\nTo use a registered design you must contact the current owner and either agree a licence to use the design or buy it from them.\n\nThe licence between you and the design\u2019s owner will tell you:\n\n- what you can do with the design\n\n- how long your licence will last\n\n- what you have to pay - if anything\n\nYou can do anything with a design that you\u2019ve bought.\n\nFill in and send form DF12A to register a licence or transfer ownership of the design - the address is on the form.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/using-somebody-elses-intellectual-property", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We are an IT company and recently we have developed interest in Artificial Intelligence. There is a patent registered on Machine learning that we are interested in buying and seller is happy to sell it.", + "original_question": "Is it possible to buy a patent when someone is selling it and has agreed to sign all necessary documents and keep a record of the transfer of the patent?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2166", + "question": "Scenario: We have been married for 20 years and have four kids. Recently we decided to end our relationship. We decided to keep two kids each but are having issues on dividing up the assets\n\nQuestion: We couldn't come to an agreement on dividing up the assets even after attending a meeting about mediation. Can we go to court and get them to decide?\n\nDocument - Money and property when you divorce or separate:\n## Getting a financial agreement\n\nWhen you divorce or end a civil partnership you and your ex-partner need to agree how to separate your finances.\n\nThis includes deciding how you\u2019re going to divide:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nYou might get things like:\n\n- a share of your your partner\u2019s pension - including State Pension or private pension plans\n\n- regular maintenance payments to help with children or living expenses\n\nYou can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree how to split your money and property.\n\nThe rules are different if you were not married or in a civil partnership. You\u2019ll still have to agree on child maintenance payments for any children.\n\nWhat you can do is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Making an agreement legally binding\n\nIf you and your ex-partner agree on how to divide money and property, you need to apply for a consent order to make it legally binding.\n\n## Get help agreeing\n\nYou can use a mediator or get other help to resolve issues out of court.\n\n## Get the court to decide\n\nIf you cannot agree on everything, you can ask a court to make a financial order.\n\n## If you agree\n\nIt\u2019s usually more straightforward and less expensive if you agree how to divide your money and property. Get help agreeing.\n\n## Making your agreement legally binding\n\nTo make your agreement legally binding you need to draft a consent order and ask a court to approve it.\n\nIf your agreement is not legally binding, a court cannot enforce it if there are any issues later.\n\nA consent order is a legal document that confirms your agreement. It explains how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nIt can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.\n\nYou can get legal advice or ask a solicitor to draft a consent order for you.\n\n## When to apply for a consent order\n\nYou can ask the court to approve your consent order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.\n\nIt is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.\n\nThe final legal document is the:\n\n- decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing\n\n- final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership\n\nYou can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended. This may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.\n\n## How to ask the court for approval\n\nYou and your ex-partner have to:\n\n- draft a consent order\n\n- sign the draft consent order - you also need 2 photocopies of the signed original\n\n- fill in a statement of information form\n\nOne of you also needs to fill in a notice of an application for a financial order.\n\nIf you\u2019re ending a civil partnership or legally separating, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to the court dealing with your paperwork. Keep your own copies.\n\nIf you\u2019re divorcing, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to:\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\nThere\u2019s usually no court hearing. A judge will approve your consent order to make it legally binding if they think it\u2019s fair.\n\nIf they do not think it\u2019s fair, they can ask you to change it.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe court fee is \u00a350.\n\nSolicitor fees vary depending on their experience and location. They usually charge per hour.\n\n## Get help agreeing\n\nA mediator can help you and your ex-partner agree on how to split money and property, without taking sides.\n\nMediation is not relationship counselling. It can help you agree on how you\u2019ll divide your assets, including:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nMediation can be quicker and cheaper than asking a court to decide for you.\n\nYou need to attend a mediation information assessment meeting (MIAM) before you start mediation.\n\nFind a local mediator.\n\nThe mediator can decide mediation is not right for you (for example, if there\u2019s been domestic abuse and you need to go to court instead).\n\n## How much it costs\n\nA MIAM is usually about \u00a330. If you need more mediation sessions they cost more and fees vary depending on where you live.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid for mediation.\n\n## Making your agreement legally binding\n\nAt the end of mediation you\u2019ll get a document showing what you agreed. This agreement is not legally binding.\n\nIf you want a legally binding agreement you need to draft a consent order and get a court to approve it. The consent order can be based on what you agreed in mediation.\n\n## If you need more help agreeing\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask a legal adviser about other ways to resolve issues out of court (such as family arbitration or collaborative law)\n\n- get information and advice from Citizens Advice\n\n- read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced\n\n- work out your finances with a divorce and separation calculator\n\n## If you do not agree on everything\n\nYou can ask a court to decide on anything you have not agreed on.\n\n## Get the court to decide\n\nIf you and your ex-partner cannot agree how to divide your finances you can ask a court to make a financial order (also known as the \u2018contested\u2019 route or an \u2018ancillary relief order\u2019).\n\nThis means the court will decide how assets will be split. Getting the court to decide usually takes longer and is more expensive than if you and your ex-partner agree.\n\nYou must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).\n\nA financial order will describe how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nIt can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.\n\n## When to apply for a financial order\n\nYou can ask a court to make a financial order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.\n\nIt is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.\n\nThe final legal document is the:\n\n- decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing\n\n- final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership\n\nYou can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended but it may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to apply for a financial order.\n\nSend 2 copies of the form to the court dealing with paperwork in your area to divorce or end your civil partnership. Keep a copy for yourself.\n\nYou can hire a solicitor to help you apply for a financial order from the court.\n\n## After you apply\n\nThere are three stages:\n\n- the first appointment - a short hearing with the judge to discuss your application\n\n- financial dispute resolution (FDR) appointment - to help you agree without needing a final hearing (you might need more than one appointment)\n\n- final hearing - if you\u2019re not able to agree, this is when a judge will decide how you must separate your finances\n\nThe court will send you and your ex-partner details when the first appointment will be. This is usually 12 to 14 weeks after you apply.\n\n## Before the first appointment\n\nYou and your ex-partner need to fill in a financial statement for a financial order (Form E) to show a breakdown of your property and debts. This includes giving an estimate of your future living costs.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to collect documents about your finances, for example:\n\n- rental or mortgage agreements\n\n- pension documents\n\n- loan agreements\n\n- proof of your salary income, for example P60 or recent pay slips\n\n- details of personal belongings worth more than \u00a3500, for example a car or house contents\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt depends on:\n\n- how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need\n\n- if you need a final hearing\n\nThere can be several months between the appointments.\n\n## How the court decides\n\nIf you cannot agree, a judge will decide how assets will be split. They\u2019ll base their decision on how long you\u2019ve been married or in a civil partnership, as well as your:\n\n- age\n\n- ability to earn\n\n- property and money\n\n- living expenses\n\n- standard of living\n\n- financial needs and responsibilities\n\n- role in looking after the family, for example if you were the main earner or caring for the family or home\n\n- disability or health condition, if you have any\n\nThe judge will decide on the fairest way to divide the assets if there\u2019s enough to meet everyone\u2019s needs. They will make arrangements for any children first - especially their housing arrangements and child maintenance. The reason for the divorce or dissolution is not taken into account.\n\nThe judge will usually try to arrange a \u2018clean break\u2019, so everything is shared out, and you no longer have any financial ties to one another.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe court fee is \u00a3255.\n\nSolicitor fees vary depending on their experience and where you live. They usually charge by the hour. How much you pay in total depends on how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need and if there will be a final hearing.\n\nYou can get legal aid to help with court costs in certain situations, for example if you\u2019re separating from an abusive partner.\n\n## Further help and advice\n\nYou can:\n\n- get information and advice from Citizens Advice\n\n- read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced\n\n- find out more about how to apply for a financial order\n\n## Maintenance payments\n\nThe court sometimes tells the person with the higher income to make regular maintenance payments to help with the other person\u2019s living costs.\n\nThis is called a \u2018maintenance order\u2019.\n\nA maintenance payment can be set for:\n\n- a limited period of time\n\n- until one of you dies, marries or enters into a new civil partnership\n\nThe payment can also be changed if one of you loses your job or gets much better paid work.\n\n## Child maintenance\n\nThe court can also decide on child maintenance, but this is often arranged by the Child Maintenance Service.\n\nRead more about making arrangements to look after children when you divorce or separate.\n\n## Tax when transferring assets\n\nYou do not usually have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you give, or otherwise \u2018dispose of\u2019, assets to your husband, wife or civil partner before you finalise the divorce or civil partnership.\n\nAssets include shares, certain personal possessions and property. You usually do not have to pay tax if you transfer or sell your main home.\n\n## If you transfer an asset when you\u2019re separated\n\nIf you lived together at any point in the tax year that you transferred the asset, the normal rules for spouses and civil partners apply.\n\nOtherwise you may have to pay Capital Gains Tax. You\u2019ll need to get a valuation of the asset on the date of transfer, and use it to work out the gain or loss.\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If you transfer an asset after you\u2019ve divorced or dissolved your civil partnership\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you transfer after your relationship has legally ended.\n\nThe rules for working out your gain or loss are complex. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help, such as an accountant or tax adviser. You\u2019ll need to tell them the date of:\n\n- the decree absolute or dissolution\n\n- any court order, if assets were transferred this way\n\n- any other contract showing the transfer of assets", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We have been married for 20 years and have four kids. Recently we decided to end our relationship. We decided to keep two kids each but are having issues on dividing up the assets", + "original_question": "We couldn't come to an agreement on dividing up the assets even after attending a meeting about mediation. Can we go to court and get them to decide?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2168", + "question": "Scenario: I am a full time employee. I would like to invest in save as you earn(SAYE) in a shares related scheme.I am aiming to do a monthly contribution of \u00a3400 for the next 5 years. I would prefer to transfer all the savings to an individual savings account(ISA).\n\nQuestion: Do i need to pay capital gain tax if I transfer the shares within 30 days of the scheme ending?\n\nDocument - Tax and Employee Share Schemes:\n## Overview\n\nIf your employer offers you company shares, you could get tax advantages, like not paying Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.\n\nTax advantages only apply if the shares are offered through the following schemes:\n\n- Share Incentive Plans\n\n- Save As You Earn (SAYE)\n\n- Company Share Option Plans\n\n- Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)\n\nYou may be offered shares outside of these schemes. However these will not have the same tax advantages.\n\nYou can also get tax advantages if you\u2019re an employee shareholder.\n\n## Share Incentive Plans (SIPs)\n\nIf you get shares through a Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and keep them in the plan for 5 years you will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on their value.\n\nYou will not pay Capital Gains Tax on shares you sell if you keep them in the plan until you sell them.\n\nIf you take them out of the plan, keep them and then sell them later on, you might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if their value has increased.\n\nThere are 4 ways you can get shares under SIPs.\n\n## Free shares\n\nYour employer can give you up to \u00a33,600 of free shares in any tax year.\n\n## Partnership shares\n\nYou can buy shares out of your salary before tax deductions. There\u2019s a limit to how much you can spend - either \u00a31,800 or 10% of your income for the tax year, whichever is lower.\n\n## Matching shares\n\nYour employer can give you up to 2 free matching shares for each partnership share you buy.\n\n## Dividend shares\n\nYou may be able to buy more shares with the dividends you get from free, partnership or matching shares (but only if your employer\u2019s scheme allows it).\n\nYou will not pay Income Tax if you keep the dividend shares for at least 3 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax and National Insurance on any shares you take out of a SIP early.\n\n## Save As You Earn (SAYE)\n\nThis is a savings-related share scheme where you can buy shares with your savings for a fixed price.\n\nYou can save up to \u00a3500 a month under the scheme. At the end of your savings contract (3 or 5 years) you can use the savings to buy shares.\n\nThe tax advantages are:\n\n- the interest and any bonus at the end of the scheme is tax-free\n\n- you do not pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re worth\n\nYou might have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\nYou\u2019ll not pay Capital Gains Tax if you transfer the shares:\n\n- to an Individual Savings Account (ISA) within 90 days of the scheme ending\n\n- to a pension, directly from the scheme when it ends\n\nIf you do not transfer your shares to a pension immediately when the scheme ends, you can still transfer them up to 90 days later. You may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if they go up in value between when you buy them and when you transfer them.\n\n## Company Share Option Plan\n\nThis gives you the option to buy up to \u00a330,000 worth of shares at a fixed price.\n\nYou will not pay Income Tax or National Insurance contributions on the difference between what you pay for the shares and what they\u2019re actually worth.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\n## Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs)\n\nIf you work for a company with assets of \u00a330 million or less, it may be able to offer Enterprise Management Incentives (EMIs).\n\nYour company can grant you share options up to the value of \u00a3250,000 in a 3-year period.\n\nYou will not have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance if you buy the shares for at least the market value they had when you were granted the option.\n\nIf you were given a discount on the market value, you\u2019ll have to pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the difference between what you pay and what the shares were worth.\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you sell the shares.\n\n## Excluded activities\n\nCompanies that work in \u2018excluded activities\u2019 are not allowed to offer EMIs. Excluded activities include:\n\n- banking\n\n- farming\n\n- property development\n\n- provision of legal services\n\n- ship building\n\n## Employee shareholder shares\n\nTo be an employee shareholder, you must own shares in your employer\u2019s company that were worth at least \u00a32,000 when you got them.\n\nYou will not usually pay Income Tax or National Insurance on the first \u00a32,000 worth of employee shareholder shares you get before 1 December 2016.\n\nYou will not get tax relief if you or someone you\u2019re connected with (like a business partner, spouse or family member) have 25% or more voting rights in the company.\n\nWhen you become an employee shareholder your employer must pay for an independent expert to give advice about the terms and effects of the employee shareholder agreement. This advice not count as a taxable benefit.\n\n## Selling your shares\n\nYou might not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell shares. It depends on when you signed your employee shareholder agreement.\n\n## Before 17 March 2016\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax on shares that were worth over \u00a350,000 when you got them.\n\n## From 17 March 2016\n\nYou only pay Capital Gains Tax on gains over \u00a3100,000 that you make during your lifetime. The \u2018gain\u2019 is the profit you make when you sell shares that have increased in value.\n\n## Transferring your shares to an ISA\n\nYou can transfer up to \u00a320,000 of employee shares into a stocks and shares Individual Savings Account (ISA) if you have shares in a:\n\n- Save As You Earn (SAYE) scheme\n\n- Share Incentive Plan (SIP)\n\nYour ISA provider must agree to the transfer.\n\nYou will not have to pay Capital Gains Tax on any gains you make on your shares if you move them to an ISA.\n\nYou must transfer your shares to your ISA within 90 days of when you took out your SIP or SAYE shares.\n\nThese shares will count towards your \u00a320,000 ISA limit. They cannot be in addition to the limit.\n\nAsk your employer or ISA provider for more information on how to transfer.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-employee-share-schemes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a full time employee. I would like to invest in save as you earn(SAYE) in a shares related scheme.I am aiming to do a monthly contribution of \u00a3400 for the next 5 years. I would prefer to transfer all the savings to an individual savings account(ISA).", + "original_question": "Do i need to pay capital gain tax if I transfer the shares within 30 days of the scheme ending?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2169", + "question": "Scenario: We would like to dismiss two of our employees without notice due to gross misconduct.We want them to leave immediately for the best interest of our company.\n\nQuestion: Do we have to pay them if their contracts state that they can be suspended without pay at any point and without notice?\n\nDocument - Dismissing staff:\n## Overview\n\nDismissal is when you end an employee\u2019s contract. When dismissing staff, you must do it fairly.\n\nThere are different types of dismissal:\n\n- fair dismissal\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n- constructive dismissal\n\n- wrongful dismissal\n\nIf you\u2019ve had to dismiss staff because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to re-employ them and pay their wages through the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme.\n\n## Fair and unfair dismissal\n\nA dismissal is fair or unfair depending on:\n\n- your reason for it\n\n- how you act during the dismissal process\n\n## Constructive dismissal\n\nThis is when an employee resigns because you\u2019ve breached their employment contract. This could be a single serious event or a series of less serious events.\n\nAn employee could claim constructive dismissal if you:\n\n- cut their wages without agreement\n\n- unlawfully demote them\n\n- allow them to be harassed, bullied or discriminated against\n\n- unfairly increase their workload\n\n- change the location of their workplace at short notice\n\n- make them work in dangerous conditions\n\nA constructive dismissal is not necessarily unfair - but it would be difficult for you to show that a breach of contract was fair.\n\nA constructive dismissal might lead to a claim for wrongful dismissal.\n\n## Wrongful dismissal\n\nThis is where you break the terms of an employee\u2019s contract in the dismissal process, for example dismissing someone without giving them proper notice.\n\nWrongful dismissal is not the same as unfair dismissal.\n\nIf an employee thinks you\u2019ve dismissed them unfairly, constructively or wrongfully, they might take you to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Fair dismissals\n\nYou must have a valid reason for dismissing an employee. Valid reasons include:\n\n- their capability or conduct\n\n- redundancy\n\n- something that prevents them from legally being able to do their job, for example a driver losing their driving licence\n\nThere could be other fair reasons too - these are sometimes called \u2018other substantial reasons\u2019.\n\n## Acting reasonably\n\nEven if you have a fair reason, the dismissal is only fair if you also act reasonably during the dismissal and disciplinary process.\n\nThere\u2019s no legal definition of \u2018reasonableness\u2019, but if you\u2019re taken to an employment or industrial tribunal they would consider whether you:\n\n- genuinely believed that the reason was fair\n\n- carried out proper investigations where appropriate\n\n- followed the relevant procedures\n\n- told the employee why they were being considered for dismissal and listened to their views (in Northern Ireland, the employer must do this in writing)\n\n- allowed the employee to be accompanied at disciplinary/dismissal hearings\n\n- gave the employee the chance to appeal\n\nReasonableness might also depend on whether the employee could be expected to understand the consequences of their behaviour.\n\n## Dismissal and disciplinary procedures\n\nYou must set out your dismissal and disciplinary rules and procedures in writing - if you do not, a tribunal can order you to pay an employee compensation.\n\n## Summary dismissal\n\nThis is when you dismiss someone instantly without notice or pay in lieu of notice, usually because of gross misconduct (for example theft, fraud, violence).\n\nTribunals may rule a summary dismissal as \u2018procedurally unfair\u2019 - you can only suspend someone without pay if their contract says you can do this. If it does not, you should suspend the employee on full pay and investigate the circumstances.\n\nIf you feel summary dismissal\u2019s your only choice, you must still follow a fair procedure as you would do for any other disciplinary matter.\n\n## Unfair dismissals\n\nEven if you think you\u2019ve dismissed someone fairly, they could still claim unfair dismissal against you if they think that:\n\n- the reason you gave for the dismissal was not the real one\n\n- the reason was unfair\n\n- you acted unreasonably, for example by failing to give them plenty of warning about their dismissal\n\n## Automatically unfair reasons for dismissal\n\nEven if you\u2019ve acted reasonably, some reasons for dismissal are classed automatically unfair. These are to do with the following areas:\n\n- pregnancy, including all reasons relating to maternity\n\n- family, including parental leave, paternity leave (birth and adoption), adoption leave or time off for dependants\n\n- acting as an employee representative\n\n- acting as a trade union representative\n\n- acting as an occupational pension scheme trustee\n\n- joining or not joining a trade union\n\n- being a part-time or fixed-term employee\n\n- pay and working hours, including the Working Time Regulations, annual leave and the National Minimum Wage\n\n- whistleblowing\n\nCompulsory retirement on the grounds of age is unlawful unfair dismissal unless you can objectively justify it - but you could be challenged at a tribunal.\n\n## Industrial action\n\nIt\u2019s automatically unfair to dismiss someone for taking part in official (\u2018lawful\u2019) industrial action:\n\n- in the 12-week period from the day the industrial action starts\n\n- if the action lasts longer than 12 weeks and you have not taken reasonable steps to resolve the dispute\n\nOnly an employment or industrial tribunal can decide whether or not you\u2019ve taken reasonable steps to resolve a dispute.\n\nIf you \u2018lock out\u2019 employees taking industrial action, the days of the lock-out are not included in the calculation of the 12-week protected period.\n\nA lock-out is where you prevent employees from getting to their workplace, for example by locking the doors.\n\n## Disability\n\nIf a disabled employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them.\n\n## Political beliefs and groups\n\nIt is not automatically unfair to dismiss someone because of their political beliefs or political groups they belong to, but a tribunal might find this unfair.\n\nThere\u2019s no longer a qualifying period for someone going to an employment tribunal if they\u2019ve been dismissed because of political opinions or affiliation. This applies to anyone dismissed from 25 June 2013.\n\n## Penalties for unfair dismissals\n\nIf a tribunal finds that an employee has been unfairly dismissed, you might be ordered to:\n\n- reinstate them (give them their job back)\n\n- re-engage them (re-employ them in a different job)\n\nYou might also have to pay compensation, which depends on the employee\u2019s:\n\n- age\n\n- gross weekly pay\n\n- length of service\n\nYou might have to pay extra compensation if you do not follow a tribunal\u2019s order to reinstate someone.\n\nThere\u2019s a limit on the amount a tribunal can award for unfair dismissal, apart from in cases relating to:\n\n- health and safety (for example where you unfairly dismiss someone for taking action on health and safety grounds)\n\n- whistleblowing\n\n## Eligibility to claim unfair dismissal\n\nEmployees can only claim unfair dismissal if they\u2019ve worked for a qualifying period - unless they\u2019re claiming for an automatically unfair reason.\n\n| Date employment started | When the employee can claim |\n\n| Before 6 April 2012 | After first year of employment |\n\n| After 6 April 2012 | After 2 years of employment |\n\n## Who cannot claim unfair dismissal\n\nThe right to complain to a tribunal about unfair dismissal is not available to:\n\n- self-employed people\n\n- independent contractors\n\n- members of the armed forces\n\n- employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) in Northern Ireland\n\n- employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through a \u2018settlement agreement\u2019 or \u2018compromise agreement\u2019 after taking legal advice\n\n- employees employed under an illegal contract, for example a barman under the age of 18\n\n- employees covered by a dismissal procedure agreement that\u2019s been legally exempted from the unfair dismissal rules\n\n- employees taking part in unofficial industrial action (unless the dismissal is for an automatically unfair reason)\n\n- police officers (unless the dismissal relates to health and safety or whistleblowing)\n\n- those working on a fishing vessel and paid by a share in the profits or gross earnings of the vessel\n\n## Dismissals for conduct or performance reasons\n\nYou can dismiss an employee if:\n\n- they\u2019re incapable of doing their job to the required standard\n\n- they\u2019re capable, but unwilling to do their job properly\n\n- they\u2019ve committed some form of misconduct\n\nIf you want to dismiss someone, there\u2019s no specific process you must go through by law - as long as you do it fairly.\n\nIf a capability issue is linked to someone\u2019s health, you should try as many ways as possible to help them do their job before dismissing them.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures\n\nYou should include examples of what you consider to be misconduct in your disciplinary rules.\n\nDifferent disciplinary procedures are appropriate for different circumstances.\n\nEmployees have the right to be accompanied to all disciplinary meetings and to appeal to a manager. Keep notes of all meetings and give copies to the employee.\n\n## Misconduct\n\nMisconduct can include things like persistent lateness or unauthorised absence from work.\n\nTo make sure the dismissal is fair when misconduct is not \u2018serious\u2019 or \u2018gross\u2019:\n\n- Arrange a meeting with the employee, telling them the reason for it. At the meeting, give them a chance to explain and issue a first written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. In the warning, tell them how you expect them to improve and over what period - warn them that if they do not improve enough, you\u2019ll give them a final written warning.\n\n- Hold a second meeting if their performance or behaviour has not improved enough by the deadline - give them a chance to explain and issue a final written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. Revise the action plan with timescales for improvement and warn them that you\u2019ll consider dismissal if there\u2019s no improvement.\n\n- Hold a third meeting if their performance or behaviour is still not up to standard by these new deadlines. Warn them that dismissal is now possible. After the meeting - or appeal if there is one - decide whether to give the employee a further chance to improve, or dismiss them. You must tell the employee of your final decision, whatever it is.\n\n## Serious misconduct\n\nYou can issue a single \u2018first and final\u2019 written warning if the misconduct or underperformance is serious enough. Explain that not improving could lead to dismissal. \u2018Serious enough\u2019 includes if it\u2019s likely to or has caused serious harm to the organisation itself.\n\n## Gross misconduct\n\nGross misconduct can include things like theft, physical violence, gross negligence or serious insubordination.\n\nWith gross misconduct, you can dismiss the employee immediately as long as you follow a fair procedure. You should investigate the incident and give the employee a chance to respond before deciding to dismiss them.\n\n## One-off incidents\n\nAn informal discussion may be enough to resolve the issue if the misconduct or underperformance was a one-off and the employee has a good disciplinary record.\n\n## Dismissals due to illness\n\nSometimes an employee may have to stop working because of long-term ill health. They may resign, or you may have to consider dismissing them.\n\n## Considering dismissing an employee\n\nDismissal is a last resort and you should consider as many ways as possible to help the employee back to work, including:\n\n- getting a medical report from their GP with the employee\u2019s permission - they have the right to see the report before you do\n\n- arranging an occupational health assessment\n\n- work out whether or not they\u2019re disabled and make any reasonable adjustments to help them do their job\n\nIf the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.\n\n## How to dismiss someone\n\nDuring the dismissal procedure, make sure you act fairly and reasonably. You must treat the employee with sensitivity.\n\nYour procedure should follow the advice set out in the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) code of practice, or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) code of practice for Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you do not follow the code and are taken to an employment or industrial tribunal, you may have to pay compensation.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We would like to dismiss two of our employees without notice due to gross misconduct.We want them to leave immediately for the best interest of our company.", + "original_question": "Do we have to pay them if their contracts state that they can be suspended without pay at any point and without notice?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2173", + "question": "Scenario: I don't have an accountant. I am a full time worker and it's towards the end of the financial year. I have paying in slips and the paper statements. I would like to pay for self assessment tax bill to the HMRC.\n\nQuestion: Can I pay through the bank by cash?\n\nDocument - Pay your Self Assessment tax bill:\n## Overview\n\nThe deadlines for paying your tax bill are usually:\n\n- 31 January - for any tax you owe for the previous tax year (known as a balancing payment) and your first payment on account\n\n- 31 July for your second payment on account\n\nIf you delayed making a payment on account in July 2020 because of coronavirus (COVID-19), this will be added to your tax bill due by 31 January 2021.\n\nPay Self Assessment now\n\nYou can pay in regular monthly instalments, if you prefer.\n\nYou can get help if you cannot pay your tax bill on time.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nMake sure you pay HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) by the deadline. You\u2019ll be charged interest and may have to pay a penalty if your payment is late.\n\nThe time you need to allow depends on how you pay.\n\nYou can no longer pay at the Post Office.\n\n## Same or next day\n\n- through your online bank account\n\n- online or telephone banking (Faster Payments)\n\n- CHAPS\n\n- by debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\nYou need a paying-in slip from HMRC to pay at a bank or building society.\n\n## 3 working days\n\n- Bacs\n\n- Direct Debit (if you\u2019ve set one up with HMRC before)\n\n- by cheque through the post\n\n## 5 working days\n\n- Direct Debit (if you have not set one up with HMRC before)\n\nIf the deadline falls on a weekend or bank holiday, make sure your payment reaches HMRC on the last working day before (unless you\u2019re paying by Faster Payments or by debit or credit card).\n\n## Problems with payment services\n\nOnline payment services may be slow during busy times. Check if there are any current problems or times they are not available.\n\n## Direct Debit\n\nSet up a Direct Debit through your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account to make single payments for 31 January.\n\nYou can also set up another Direct Debit if you need to make a payment on account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to set up single payments each time you want to pay by Direct Debit.\n\n## Reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 11-character payment reference. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll find it either on your:\n\n- HMRC online account\n\n- paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\nAllow 5 working days to process a Direct Debit the first time you set one up. It should take 3 working days the next time if you\u2019re using the same bank details.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your Self-Assessment tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## Make an online or telephone bank transfer\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill using Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs.\n\n## Pay by Faster Payments, CHAPS or Bacs\n\nYour bill will tell you which account to pay in to. If you do not have a bill, or you\u2019re not sure, use HMRC Cumbernauld.\n\n## Account details to use\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001039 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001020 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## If your account is overseas\n\n| Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account number (IBAN) | Account name |\n\n| BARCGB22 | GB62BARC20114770297690 | HMRC Cumbernauld |\n\n| BARCGB22 | GB03BARC20114783977692 | HMRC Shipley |\n\n## What you\u2019ll need\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your 11-character payment reference when you pay. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019.\n\nYou can find it on your:\n\n- HMRC online account\n\n- paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you use the wrong reference number.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking) usually reach HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nPayments from overseas may take longer - check with your bank.\n\n## Multiple payments by CHAPS\n\nSend an online CHAPS enquiry form if you want to make a single CHAPS payment for multiple Self Assessment bills, using more than one payment reference number.\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## Approve a payment through your online bank account\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill directly using your online or mobile bank account.\n\nWhen you\u2019re ready to pay, select \u2018start a payment\u2019 and then \u2018pay by bank account\u2019. You\u2019ll then be directed to sign in to your online or mobile banking account to approve your Self Assessment payment.\n\nThe payment is usually instant but sometimes it takes up to 2 hours to show in your account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have your online banking details ready to pay this way.\n\n## By debit or corporate credit card online\n\nYou can pay online.\n\nThere\u2019s a fee if you pay by corporate credit card or corporate debit card. The fee is not refundable.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee if you pay by personal debit card.\n\nYou cannot pay by personal credit card.\n\nUse your 11-character payment reference when you pay. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find it either:\n\n- in your HMRC online account\n\n- on your paying-in slip, if you get paper statements\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, not the date it reaches their account - including on bank holidays and weekends.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to pay your Self Assessment tax bill in full by card, you should use another payment method like a bank transfer.\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can only pay at your branch by cash or cheque if you both:\n\n- still get paper statements from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- have the paying-in slip HMRC sent you\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 11-character payment reference on the back of the cheque. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the paying-in slip.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it, and not the date it reaches their account (as long as you pay from Monday to Friday).\n\n## If you do not have a paying-in slip\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay by another method instead, for example:\n\n- debit or corporate credit card online\n\n- online or telephone banking\n\n- Direct Debit\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou can send a cheque by post to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nYou do not need to include a street name, city name or PO box with this address.\n\nAllow 3 working days for your payment to reach HMRC.\n\n## What to include\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite your 11-character payment reference on the back of the cheque. This is your 10-digit Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) followed by the letter \u2018K\u2019. You\u2019ll find this on your payslip.\n\nInclude the payslip HMRC sent you (if you still get paper statements). Do not fold the payslip or cheque or fasten them together.\n\nYour payment may be delayed if you do not fill in your cheque correctly.\n\n## If you do not have an HMRC payslip\n\nYou can print a slip to use to pay by post. You cannot use this at a bank.\n\n## Pay in instalments\n\nIf you\u2019ve already filed your Self Assessment tax return, you might be able to pay the bill in instalments.\n\nWhat you need to do depends on whether you want to:\n\n- make payments against your latest bill\n\n- make advance payments against your next bill\n\n## If you cannot afford to pay your latest bill\n\nYou can set up a payment plan to spread the cost of your latest Self Assessment bill if all the following apply:\n\n- you owe \u00a330,000 or less\n\n- you do not have any other payment plans or debts with HMRC\n\n- your tax returns are up to date\n\n- it\u2019s less than 60 days after the payment deadline\n\nYou can choose how much to pay straight away and how much you want to pay each month. You\u2019ll have to pay interest.\n\nIf you don\u2019t keep up with your repayments, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can ask you to pay everything you owe.\n\nThere are 2 ways you can set up a payment plan:\n\n- set up a payment plan online\n\n- call the Payment Support Service\n\n## If you want to make regular payments in advance\n\nYou can set up a budget payment plan if you want to put aside money to cover your next Self Assessment tax bill.\n\nThis is different from payments on account, which you normally make once every 6 months towards your next tax bill.\n\nThe budget payment plan lets you:\n\n- decide how much to pay each week or month\n\n- stop paying for up to 6 months\n\nYou must be up to date with your previous Self Assessment payments.\n\nSet up your plan using your HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) online account. Go to the Direct Debit section and choose the budget payment option when filling in the Direct Debit form.\n\nIf the amount in your budget payment plan does not cover your next bill in full, you\u2019ll need to pay the difference by the payment deadlines.\n\n## Through your tax code\n\nYou can pay your Self Assessment bill through your PAYE tax code as long as all these apply:\n\n- you owe less than \u00a33,000 on your tax bill\n\n- you already pay tax through PAYE, for example you\u2019re an employee or you get a company pension\n\n- you submitted your paper tax return by 31 October or your online tax return online by 30 December\n\n## How it\u2019s set up\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will automatically collect what you owe through your tax code if you meet all 3 conditions, unless you\u2019ve specifically asked them not to (on your tax return).\n\nIf you\u2019re not eligible, you will not be able to pay this way.\n\n## When you cannot pay through your tax code\n\nYou will not be able to pay your tax bill through your PAYE tax code if:\n\n- you do not have enough PAYE income for HMRC to collect it\n\n- you\u2019d pay more than 50% of your PAYE income in tax\n\n- you\u2019d end up paying more than twice as much tax as you normally do\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed you cannot pay Class 2 National Insurance through your tax code, unless it\u2019s been due since before 6 April 2015. You must use one of the other ways to pay by the deadline instead.\n\n## How deductions are made\n\nThe tax you owe will be taken from your salary or pension in equal instalments over 12 months, along with your usual tax deductions.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nView your HM Revenue and Customs online account to check if your payment\u2019s been received - it should show as paid between 3 to 6 working days later.\n\nIf paying by post, you can include a letter with your payment to ask for a receipt from HMRC.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pay-self-assessment-tax-bill", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I don't have an accountant. I am a full time worker and it's towards the end of the financial year. I have paying in slips and the paper statements. I would like to pay for self assessment tax bill to the HMRC.", + "original_question": "Can I pay through the bank by cash?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2175", + "question": "Scenario: My sister is a widow and on benefits. She got a volunteer job offer. She will be reimbursed out of pocket expenses for travels and meals. Despite this she will still meet the conditions of her benefits.\n\nQuestion: Will this affect her benefits?\n\nDocument - Volunteer opportunities, rights and expenses:\n## Find volunteer opportunities\n\nYou can find volunteering opportunities on the:\n\n- Do-it website\n\n- Volunteering Matters website for young, older and disabled volunteers\n\n- National Association for Voluntary and Community Action website\n\n- local Volunteer Centre website\n\n- Reach Volunteering website for volunteers with specific skills - like accountancy, marketing, law, management, mentoring or IT\n\n- Volunteering Wales website\n\n- Volunteer Scotland website\n\nFind out about volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## Volunteers' rights\n\nYou do not have a contract of employment as a volunteer, so you do not have the same rights as an employee or worker.\n\nYou will usually be given a volunteer agreement that explains:\n\n- the level of supervision and support you\u2019ll get\n\n- what training you\u2019ll get\n\n- whether you\u2019re covered under the organisation\u2019s employer or public liability insurance\n\n- health and safety issues\n\n- any expenses the organisation will cover\n\nThe volunteer agreement is not compulsory, but sets out what you can expect from the organisation you\u2019re volunteering for. It does not form a contract between you and the organisation.\n\nThe National Council for Voluntary Organisations (NCVO) has information on volunteers\u2019 legal status.\n\n## When you can volunteer\n\n## Age limits\n\nThere\u2019s no upper age limit on volunteering, but anyone over 70 will need to follow public health advice on volunteering during coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nSome organisations\u2019 insurance policies do not cover you if you\u2019re under 16 or over a certain age.\n\nYou cannot work for a profit-making organisation if you\u2019re under 14, even if you\u2019re not paid.\n\nYour local council might have extra rules about the work you can do as a young person.\n\n## Volunteering and benefits\n\nYou can volunteer and claim benefits if:\n\n- the only money you get from volunteering is to cover expenses, like travel costs\n\n- you continue to meet the conditions of the benefit you get\n\n## Criminal records\n\nIf you have a criminal record you can still volunteer in most roles, depending on your offences. You might need a Disclosure and Barring Service check if you want to volunteer with children or vulnerable adults.\n\n## Pay and expenses\n\nYou are not paid for your time as a volunteer, but you may get money to cover expenses. This is usually limited to food, drink, travel or any equipment you need to buy.\n\nYou may need to pay tax on your driving expenses if you get back more than you spent.\n\nYou might be classed as an employee or worker rather than a volunteer if you get any other payment, reward or benefit in kind. This includes any promise of a contract or paid work in the future.\n\nYou get certain employment rights if you\u2019re classed as an employee or worker, like getting the minimum wage.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/volunteering", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My sister is a widow and on benefits. She got a volunteer job offer. She will be reimbursed out of pocket expenses for travels and meals. Despite this she will still meet the conditions of her benefits.", + "original_question": "Will this affect her benefits?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2176", + "question": "Scenario: I got offered a seafarer position from one of my Dad's friends. I recently turned 17 and the offer seems like a nice way to spend the summer and gain some experience. He mentioned that I will mostly be working during the day but may sometimes have to fulfill nightly duties. I was assured my safety and health will be kept as a number one priority.\n\nQuestion: Do I meet the age requirements for the position considering I have been promised that my safety and health will not be compromised?\n\nDocument - Seafarer working and living rights:\n## Overview\n\nAll seafarers have working and living rights that include:\n\n- employment contracts\n\n- accommodation\n\n- food and medical care\n\nA seafarer is anyone who works on board a seagoing ship, including:\n\n- master and crew\n\n- self-employed contractors\n\n- shopkeepers and hairdressers\n\n- entertainers\n\nA seagoing ship is any vessel:\n\n- on an international voyage or from a foreign port\n\n- on a domestic journey from the UK coast\n\n- more than 500 gross tonnes\n\nThe Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006 came into force on 7 August 2014. It replaced all existing laws on seafarers\u2019 rights.\n\n## Working conditions\n\nThere are minimum requirements seafarers must meet to work at sea.\n\n## Minimum age\n\nThe minimum age for seafarers is 16, although this is 18 if the work involves any:\n\n- night work\n\n- hazardous tasks\n\n## Hazardous tasks\n\nManual tasks on a ship can be hazardous if not done properly, like:\n\n- lifting\n\n- hauling\n\n- mooring\n\n- towing\n\nEmployers of seafarers must ensure their staff:\n\n- know how to operate any equipment correctly\n\n- are aware of safety procedures\n\n- have access to protective personal equipment if needed\n\n## Medical certification for seafarers\n\nAnyone in charge of a ship must have an ENG1 seafarer medical certificate.\n\n## Certificates of competency\n\nSome seafarers will need a certificate of competency before they can carry out certain duties.\n\n## Conditions of employment\n\nSeafarers\u2019 employment contracts are covered by the Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) 2006.\n\n## Working time regulations\n\nAll seafarers on seagoing ships are entitled to:\n\n- a minimum of 10 hours\u2019 rest in any 24 hour period\n\n- 77 hours rest in any 7 day period\n\n- at least 4 weeks\u2019 paid annual leave\n\nRead the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002 for more information.\n\n## The 'human element'\n\nThe term \u2018human element\u2019 covers anything to do with the interaction between a human and any system aboard ship, and is of high importance in maritime safety and security.\n\nFactors which affect the human element include:\n\n- recruitment and selection policies and methods\n\n- crew competence, training and experience\n\n- conditions of service, motivation and morale\n\n- design, construction and ergonomics\n\n- standards of build and certification\n\n- maintenance\n\n- stress and fatigue\n\n- security\n\n- living and working conditions\n\n- manning levels and hours of work\n\n- management policies\n\n- safety management systems\n\n- operational systems\n\n- organisational and safety culture\n\n- culture of continuous improvement and workforce engagement\n\nFor more information read \u2018The human element: a guide to human behaviour in the shipping industry\u2019.\n\n## Safe working practices\n\nAll UK ships must carry copies of the \u2018Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen\u2019, unless it\u2019s a fishing boat or pleasure vessel.\n\n## Safe manning of ships\n\nEmployers must ensure their ships have enough properly trained and certificated officers so that it can operate safely at all times.\n\nThere must also be sufficient food on board for the number of seafarers serving.\n\nRead more in \u2018Merchant Shipping Notice 1868 (M) UK requirements for safe manning and watchkeeping\u2019.\n\n## Noise and vibration\n\nA seafarer\u2019s employer must carry out risk assessments to identify who\u2019s at risk from noise or vibration in their work and what can be done to reduce or remove these risks.\n\n## Protective personal equipment (PPE)\n\nA seafarer\u2019s employer must give them suitable protective equipment if they\u2019re performing dangerous tasks.\n\nYou can find further information in the code of safe working practices for merchant seafarers.\n\n## Living conditions\n\nSeafarers\u2019 living conditions are covered by Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) rules on crew accommodation.\n\n## Food and catering\n\nSeafarers\u2019 food and catering conditions are covered by MSN 1845 under MLC rules.\n\n## Health and safety\n\nEmployers of seafarers must follow health and safety rules and provide:\n\n- safe working places and environment\n\n- safe machinery and equipment\n\n- health and safety training, instruction, supervision and information\n\n- a health and safety policy\n\n- protective clothing and equipment where necessary\n\n- information for workers about the findings of their risk assessment\n\n- information on what qualifications any temporary workers must have\n\n- information about their activities and staff to the company\n\n## Risk assessments\n\nAny vessel seafarers work onboard must have had a risk assessment carried out by their employer or the ship owner.\n\n## New or expectant mothers\n\nWhere women of childbearing age are employed as seafarers, a risk assessment must take place of any potential hazard likely to affect a new or expectant mother.\n\nIt does not matter if they are pregnant at the time of the assessment or not.\n\nIf a risk is found that cannot be removed, a new or expectant mother working as a seafarer can be suspended on full pay providing they have either:\n\n- told their employer they\u2019re pregnant\n\n- given birth in the last 6 months\n\n- are breastfeeding\n\nFor more information on health and safety rules for new and expectant mothers, contact the Seafarer Safety and Health Branch of the Maritime and Coastguard Authority (MCA).\n\n## Additional dangers\n\nSeafarers may face additional dangers when living onboard ships.\n\n## Petrol generators\n\nShips that use petrol generators must have a risk assessment carried out to make sure they provide:\n\n- sufficient power for accommodation and lighting\n\n- adequate ventilation\n\n- adequate alarms - for example, carbon monoxide alarms\n\n## Fumigating cargo spaces\n\nIf pesticides are on board a ship, employers must make sure:\n\n- adequate breathing aids are provided for seafarers checking fumigated cargo bulks\n\n- the ship\u2019s destination port is told 24 hours in advance of receiving this cargo\n\n- properly trained personnel check the relevant cargo bulks at port\n\n## Illegal drugs\n\nThe unauthorised presence of drugs on board a ship can have serious legal implications for seafarers and employers, potentially resulting in:\n\n- heavy fines\n\n- detention of a ship\n\n- imprisonment\n\n- the death penalty\n\n## Potentially dangerous cargo\n\nIf seafarers deal with certain toxic cargo or equipment on board ships, their employer must follow a number of specific requirements.\n\nYou can find further information on specialist ships in section 4 of the Code of Safe Working Practices for Merchant Seamen.\n\n## Health and medical care\n\nEmployers must protect their seafarers\u2019 health by:\n\n- providing immunisations for certain infectious diseases\n\n- making sure hygiene measures are effective and minimise the risks of infection\n\n- making arrangements for infection control\n\n- having the right medical supplies\n\n- knowing the routes and destinations of their ships\n\nUntil the UK made the Maritime Labour Convention (MLA) law, seafarers\u2019 health and safety regulations were covered by the Merchant Shipping Act 1995\n\n## Maritime Labour Convention\n\nThe Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) came into force for the UK on 7 August 2014. It sets out the minimum working and living rights for seafarers.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nThe MLC does not cover seafarers serving on the following boats:\n\n- ships navigating inland or sheltered waters subject to port regulations\n\n- fishing vessels\n\n- warships and naval auxiliaries\n\n- traditional ships, such as dhows\n\n## Minimum requirements\n\nThe MLC sets out minimum standards for seafarers to work on a ship, including:\n\n- minimum age\n\n- medical certification\n\n- training and qualifications\n\n## Age\n\nThe minimum age for seafarers will be 16. Night workers have to be 18 or over.\n\nExceptions can be allowed for:\n\n- training purposes\n\n- where the seafarer\u2019s duties require it, as long as their health and safety is not affected\n\n## Medical certification\n\nAll seafarers must have the right medical certificate to work at sea before they can work on ships.\n\n## Training and qualifications\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers will need to:\n\n- be trained and qualified to perform onboard duties\n\n- receive personal safety training\n\n- for training to conform to International Maritime Organisation standards\n\nFind out more about seafarer training and qualifications.\n\n## Conditions of employment\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers have minimum working rights covering:\n\n- employment agreements\n\n- wages\n\n- hours of rest\n\n- entitlement to leave\n\n- repatriation\n\n- compensation for a ship\u2019s loss or foundering\n\n- manning levels\n\n- career and skills development\n\n- employment opportunities\n\n## Employment contracts\n\nThe convention makes sure contracts between seafarers and shipowner provide fair living and working conditions.\n\nContracts should be in English and include:\n\n- shipowner\u2019s name and address\n\n- seafarer\u2019s name, date and place of birth\n\n- place and date where agreement signed\n\n- conditions for the termination of agreement\n\n- health and social security protection benefits provided by shipowner\n\n- seafarer\u2019s right to repatriation\n\nSeafarers must also be:\n\n- allowed to read and consider contracts before signing them\n\n- given a record of their employment\n\n- given their own copy of their contract (the shipowner should also have a copy)\n\n## Wages\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers\u2019 wages must be:\n\n- paid regularly - for example, monthly\n\n- include monthly statements of accounts\n\n- allow seafarers to transfer part or all of their wages\n\n- keep currency conversion charges to reasonable limits\n\n## Hours of rest\n\nHours of rest must be at least:\n\n- 10 hours in any 24 hour period\n\n- 77 hours in any 7 day period\n\nCrew exercises, such as lifeboat drills, must cause minimal disruption to rest periods. Seafarers called out in a rest period are entitled to a rest period to make up for it.\n\nYou can read Merchant Shipping Notice (MSN) 1848 (M) Amendment 3 MLC survey and certification of UK ships.\n\n## Holiday pay\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers are entitled to paid leave calculated at 2.5 days per calendar month of employment.\n\nRead more about holiday pay for seafarers in the Merchant Shipping Regulations 2002.\n\n## Repatriation\n\nThis gives seafarers the right to be returned to their home country:\n\n- when their employment contract ends or is cancelled\n\n- when they\u2019re no longer able to carry out their duties\n\n- in the event of shipwreck\n\n- if their ship is bound for a war zone they have not agreed to go to\n\nShipowners cannot request advance payment for repatriation from seafarers. If a shipowner does not make repatriation arrangements, seafarers on UK ships can be repatriated by the MCA.\n\n## Accommodation and recreational facilities\n\nThe Maritime and Labour Convention (MLC) ensures seafarers have access to decent accommodation and recreational facilities when living on ships.\n\n## Medical care\n\nThese cover seafarers\u2019 rights to:\n\n- decent on board health protection facilities, including essential dental care\n\n- the right to visit qualified medical personnel while in port\n\n- access to a qualified medical doctor on ships carrying more than 100 people on international voyages lasting more than 3 days\n\n- where there is no doctor on board, there must be designated and able seafarer(s) to provide first aid and medical care\n\n## Shipowner\u2019s liabilities\n\nUnder the MLC, if a seafarer suffers accident or disability because of their work the shipowner must provide where necessary:\n\n- assistance and medical care\n\n- repatriation\n\n- burial or cremation, if they die\n\nThe shipowner must have financial cover in case they are liable for compensation for long-term disability or illness.\n\nA shipowner is not liable when an injury is not related to a seafarer\u2019s duties, when it\u2019s caused by wilful misconduct or when a seafarer intentionally hides an illness or disability.\n\n## Health and safety protection\n\nUnder the MLC, seafarers\u2019 work environments on ships must:\n\n- have regular risk assessments of workplace hazards - for example, from machinery\n\n- take steps to prevent work accidents\n\n- have a system for reporting accidents and occupational diseases\n\n## Enforcement\n\nUnder the MLC, the MCA can withdraw a ship\u2019s maritime labour certificate if seafarer living and working conditions are breached.\n\n## Complaints\n\nSeafarers can complain if the MLC has not been followed. On board a ship seafarers can complain to a manager. On shore seafarers can complain to an MCA surveyor.\n\nRead MSN 1849 On-board complaints procedure and Marine Guidance Note (MGN) 487 Onshore complaints procedure.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/seafarer-working-and-living-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I got offered a seafarer position from one of my Dad's friends. I recently turned 17 and the offer seems like a nice way to spend the summer and gain some experience. He mentioned that I will mostly be working during the day but may sometimes have to fulfill nightly duties. I was assured my safety and health will be kept as a number one priority.", + "original_question": "Do I meet the age requirements for the position considering I have been promised that my safety and health will not be compromised?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2177", + "question": "Scenario: We have been having an employee in our company who has been diagnosed with breast cancer. She has been put on long term chemotherapy treatment. She shows no signs of recovery. And there are no adjustments to her work place that can be made for her to be able to work.\n\nQuestion: Is it fair for us to dismiss her from work?\n\nDocument - Dismissing staff:\n## Overview\n\nDismissal is when you end an employee\u2019s contract. When dismissing staff, you must do it fairly.\n\nThere are different types of dismissal:\n\n- fair dismissal\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n- constructive dismissal\n\n- wrongful dismissal\n\nIf you\u2019ve had to dismiss staff because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to re-employ them and pay their wages through the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme.\n\n## Fair and unfair dismissal\n\nA dismissal is fair or unfair depending on:\n\n- your reason for it\n\n- how you act during the dismissal process\n\n## Constructive dismissal\n\nThis is when an employee resigns because you\u2019ve breached their employment contract. This could be a single serious event or a series of less serious events.\n\nAn employee could claim constructive dismissal if you:\n\n- cut their wages without agreement\n\n- unlawfully demote them\n\n- allow them to be harassed, bullied or discriminated against\n\n- unfairly increase their workload\n\n- change the location of their workplace at short notice\n\n- make them work in dangerous conditions\n\nA constructive dismissal is not necessarily unfair - but it would be difficult for you to show that a breach of contract was fair.\n\nA constructive dismissal might lead to a claim for wrongful dismissal.\n\n## Wrongful dismissal\n\nThis is where you break the terms of an employee\u2019s contract in the dismissal process, for example dismissing someone without giving them proper notice.\n\nWrongful dismissal is not the same as unfair dismissal.\n\nIf an employee thinks you\u2019ve dismissed them unfairly, constructively or wrongfully, they might take you to an employment tribunal.\n\n## Fair dismissals\n\nYou must have a valid reason for dismissing an employee. Valid reasons include:\n\n- their capability or conduct\n\n- redundancy\n\n- something that prevents them from legally being able to do their job, for example a driver losing their driving licence\n\nThere could be other fair reasons too - these are sometimes called \u2018other substantial reasons\u2019.\n\n## Acting reasonably\n\nEven if you have a fair reason, the dismissal is only fair if you also act reasonably during the dismissal and disciplinary process.\n\nThere\u2019s no legal definition of \u2018reasonableness\u2019, but if you\u2019re taken to an employment or industrial tribunal they would consider whether you:\n\n- genuinely believed that the reason was fair\n\n- carried out proper investigations where appropriate\n\n- followed the relevant procedures\n\n- told the employee why they were being considered for dismissal and listened to their views (in Northern Ireland, the employer must do this in writing)\n\n- allowed the employee to be accompanied at disciplinary/dismissal hearings\n\n- gave the employee the chance to appeal\n\nReasonableness might also depend on whether the employee could be expected to understand the consequences of their behaviour.\n\n## Dismissal and disciplinary procedures\n\nYou must set out your dismissal and disciplinary rules and procedures in writing - if you do not, a tribunal can order you to pay an employee compensation.\n\n## Summary dismissal\n\nThis is when you dismiss someone instantly without notice or pay in lieu of notice, usually because of gross misconduct (for example theft, fraud, violence).\n\nTribunals may rule a summary dismissal as \u2018procedurally unfair\u2019 - you can only suspend someone without pay if their contract says you can do this. If it does not, you should suspend the employee on full pay and investigate the circumstances.\n\nIf you feel summary dismissal\u2019s your only choice, you must still follow a fair procedure as you would do for any other disciplinary matter.\n\n## Unfair dismissals\n\nEven if you think you\u2019ve dismissed someone fairly, they could still claim unfair dismissal against you if they think that:\n\n- the reason you gave for the dismissal was not the real one\n\n- the reason was unfair\n\n- you acted unreasonably, for example by failing to give them plenty of warning about their dismissal\n\n## Automatically unfair reasons for dismissal\n\nEven if you\u2019ve acted reasonably, some reasons for dismissal are classed automatically unfair. These are to do with the following areas:\n\n- pregnancy, including all reasons relating to maternity\n\n- family, including parental leave, paternity leave (birth and adoption), adoption leave or time off for dependants\n\n- acting as an employee representative\n\n- acting as a trade union representative\n\n- acting as an occupational pension scheme trustee\n\n- joining or not joining a trade union\n\n- being a part-time or fixed-term employee\n\n- pay and working hours, including the Working Time Regulations, annual leave and the National Minimum Wage\n\n- whistleblowing\n\nCompulsory retirement on the grounds of age is unlawful unfair dismissal unless you can objectively justify it - but you could be challenged at a tribunal.\n\n## Industrial action\n\nIt\u2019s automatically unfair to dismiss someone for taking part in official (\u2018lawful\u2019) industrial action:\n\n- in the 12-week period from the day the industrial action starts\n\n- if the action lasts longer than 12 weeks and you have not taken reasonable steps to resolve the dispute\n\nOnly an employment or industrial tribunal can decide whether or not you\u2019ve taken reasonable steps to resolve a dispute.\n\nIf you \u2018lock out\u2019 employees taking industrial action, the days of the lock-out are not included in the calculation of the 12-week protected period.\n\nA lock-out is where you prevent employees from getting to their workplace, for example by locking the doors.\n\n## Disability\n\nIf a disabled employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them.\n\n## Political beliefs and groups\n\nIt is not automatically unfair to dismiss someone because of their political beliefs or political groups they belong to, but a tribunal might find this unfair.\n\nThere\u2019s no longer a qualifying period for someone going to an employment tribunal if they\u2019ve been dismissed because of political opinions or affiliation. This applies to anyone dismissed from 25 June 2013.\n\n## Penalties for unfair dismissals\n\nIf a tribunal finds that an employee has been unfairly dismissed, you might be ordered to:\n\n- reinstate them (give them their job back)\n\n- re-engage them (re-employ them in a different job)\n\nYou might also have to pay compensation, which depends on the employee\u2019s:\n\n- age\n\n- gross weekly pay\n\n- length of service\n\nYou might have to pay extra compensation if you do not follow a tribunal\u2019s order to reinstate someone.\n\nThere\u2019s a limit on the amount a tribunal can award for unfair dismissal, apart from in cases relating to:\n\n- health and safety (for example where you unfairly dismiss someone for taking action on health and safety grounds)\n\n- whistleblowing\n\n## Eligibility to claim unfair dismissal\n\nEmployees can only claim unfair dismissal if they\u2019ve worked for a qualifying period - unless they\u2019re claiming for an automatically unfair reason.\n\n| Date employment started | When the employee can claim |\n\n| Before 6 April 2012 | After first year of employment |\n\n| After 6 April 2012 | After 2 years of employment |\n\n## Who cannot claim unfair dismissal\n\nThe right to complain to a tribunal about unfair dismissal is not available to:\n\n- self-employed people\n\n- independent contractors\n\n- members of the armed forces\n\n- employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) in Northern Ireland\n\n- employees who have reached a settlement with their employer through a \u2018settlement agreement\u2019 or \u2018compromise agreement\u2019 after taking legal advice\n\n- employees employed under an illegal contract, for example a barman under the age of 18\n\n- employees covered by a dismissal procedure agreement that\u2019s been legally exempted from the unfair dismissal rules\n\n- employees taking part in unofficial industrial action (unless the dismissal is for an automatically unfair reason)\n\n- police officers (unless the dismissal relates to health and safety or whistleblowing)\n\n- those working on a fishing vessel and paid by a share in the profits or gross earnings of the vessel\n\n## Dismissals for conduct or performance reasons\n\nYou can dismiss an employee if:\n\n- they\u2019re incapable of doing their job to the required standard\n\n- they\u2019re capable, but unwilling to do their job properly\n\n- they\u2019ve committed some form of misconduct\n\nIf you want to dismiss someone, there\u2019s no specific process you must go through by law - as long as you do it fairly.\n\nIf a capability issue is linked to someone\u2019s health, you should try as many ways as possible to help them do their job before dismissing them.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures\n\nYou should include examples of what you consider to be misconduct in your disciplinary rules.\n\nDifferent disciplinary procedures are appropriate for different circumstances.\n\nEmployees have the right to be accompanied to all disciplinary meetings and to appeal to a manager. Keep notes of all meetings and give copies to the employee.\n\n## Misconduct\n\nMisconduct can include things like persistent lateness or unauthorised absence from work.\n\nTo make sure the dismissal is fair when misconduct is not \u2018serious\u2019 or \u2018gross\u2019:\n\n- Arrange a meeting with the employee, telling them the reason for it. At the meeting, give them a chance to explain and issue a first written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. In the warning, tell them how you expect them to improve and over what period - warn them that if they do not improve enough, you\u2019ll give them a final written warning.\n\n- Hold a second meeting if their performance or behaviour has not improved enough by the deadline - give them a chance to explain and issue a final written warning if you\u2019re not satisfied with their reasons. Revise the action plan with timescales for improvement and warn them that you\u2019ll consider dismissal if there\u2019s no improvement.\n\n- Hold a third meeting if their performance or behaviour is still not up to standard by these new deadlines. Warn them that dismissal is now possible. After the meeting - or appeal if there is one - decide whether to give the employee a further chance to improve, or dismiss them. You must tell the employee of your final decision, whatever it is.\n\n## Serious misconduct\n\nYou can issue a single \u2018first and final\u2019 written warning if the misconduct or underperformance is serious enough. Explain that not improving could lead to dismissal. \u2018Serious enough\u2019 includes if it\u2019s likely to or has caused serious harm to the organisation itself.\n\n## Gross misconduct\n\nGross misconduct can include things like theft, physical violence, gross negligence or serious insubordination.\n\nWith gross misconduct, you can dismiss the employee immediately as long as you follow a fair procedure. You should investigate the incident and give the employee a chance to respond before deciding to dismiss them.\n\n## One-off incidents\n\nAn informal discussion may be enough to resolve the issue if the misconduct or underperformance was a one-off and the employee has a good disciplinary record.\n\n## Dismissals due to illness\n\nSometimes an employee may have to stop working because of long-term ill health. They may resign, or you may have to consider dismissing them.\n\n## Considering dismissing an employee\n\nDismissal is a last resort and you should consider as many ways as possible to help the employee back to work, including:\n\n- getting a medical report from their GP with the employee\u2019s permission - they have the right to see the report before you do\n\n- arranging an occupational health assessment\n\n- work out whether or not they\u2019re disabled and make any reasonable adjustments to help them do their job\n\nIf the employee cannot do their job because there are no reasonable adjustments that can be made, it may be fair for you to dismiss them, even if they\u2019re disabled.\n\n## How to dismiss someone\n\nDuring the dismissal procedure, make sure you act fairly and reasonably. You must treat the employee with sensitivity.\n\nYour procedure should follow the advice set out in the Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) code of practice, or the Labour Relations Agency (LRA) code of practice for Northern Ireland.\n\nIf you do not follow the code and are taken to an employment or industrial tribunal, you may have to pay compensation.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/dismiss-staff", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We have been having an employee in our company who has been diagnosed with breast cancer. She has been put on long term chemotherapy treatment. She shows no signs of recovery. And there are no adjustments to her work place that can be made for her to be able to work.", + "original_question": "Is it fair for us to dismiss her from work?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2178", + "question": "Scenario: I married my wife 10 years ago. I now want to legally change my gender and I am applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate. My wife says she does not want to remain married after the change.\n\nQuestion: Will will be given a document stating that my wife does not want to remain married to me?\n\nDocument - Apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate:\n## Overview\n\nApply to the Gender Recognition Panel for a Gender Recognition Certificate if you want your acquired gender to be legally recognised in the UK.\n\nThere are 3 different ways (\u2018routes\u2019) to get a certificate - which one you use depends on your situation.\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Standard route\n\nApply by the standard route if all the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria (discomfort with your birth gender) - this is also called gender identity disorder, gender incongruence or transsexualism\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 2 years\n\n- you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life\n\n## Alternative route\n\nApply by the alternative route if all the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria or had surgery to change your sexual characteristics\n\n- you live in England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland most of the time\n\n- you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life\n\n- you\u2019re in (or have been in) a protected marriage or protected civil partnership before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 6 years before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)\n\nA marriage or civil partnership is protected if it\u2019s one of the following:\n\n- registered under the law of England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\n- a marriage solemnised in Scotland\n\n- a civil partnership registered in Scotland\n\n- a marriage registered under the law of a country or territory outside the UK\n\n- a marriage on UK consular premises or in an armed forces base, if you elected England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland as the relevant part of the UK\n\n## Overseas route\n\nApply by the overseas route if your acquired gender has been legally accepted in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019 and you have documents to prove it.\n\nYou must be 18 or over.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get information, advice and support from a number of voluntary organisations - you can find a list on page 21 of the full guidance.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice or find a legal adviser.\n\n## If you're married or in a civil partnership\n\n## If you\u2019re married\n\nYou can stay married if you apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate.\n\nYou and your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration saying you both agree to stay married.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if you or your spouse do not want to remain married, or if your spouse does not fill in a statutory declaration. You can use the interim certificate as grounds to end the marriage.\n\nIf your marriage is registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland and you have an interim certificate, you\u2019ll only get a full certificate once you end your marriage.\n\nIf your marriage was registered in Scotland, you can use an interim certificate to apply to the sheriff court for a full certificate. You do not need to end your marriage first.\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel if either you or your spouse change your mind about staying married during the application process.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a civil partnership\n\nYou can stay in your civil partnership if it was registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nYour partner must fill in a statutory declaration saying they agree to stay in a civil partnership with you. Contact the Gender Recognition Panel for help with filling in the declaration.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if your partner does not fill in a statutory declaration.\n\n## Civil partnerships registered in Scotland\n\nIf your civil partnership was registered in Scotland, you must end it or convert your civil partnership to marriage.\n\nIf you decide to convert your civil partnership into a marriage you must do it before you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel.\n\nIf you\u2019re still in a civil partnership when you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel, you\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019. You must end the civil partnership before you can get a full certificate.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the right form for your application.\n\n| | Form | Guidance |\n\n| Standard route | Form T450 | Leaflet T451 |\n\n| Alternative route | Form T464 | Leaflet T465 |\n\n| Overseas route | Form T453 | Leaflet T454 |\n\nSend the completed form with your fee and any supporting documents relevant to your application.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a35 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\n## Get help with your application\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel for advice on the application process.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must send certain documents when you apply, depending on which application route you use and whether you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership.\n\nYou might need to send original documents - you\u2019ll get them back after the Gender Recognition Panel has looked at your application. You will not get any statutory declarations back.\n\nFor all application routes, you must download and fill in the relevant statutory declaration for:\n\n- single people\n\n- married people or civil partners\n\n## If you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership\n\nFor all application routes you must provide the following (if relevant):\n\n- an original or certified copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\n- a copy of the decree ending your marriage or proof that any previous civil partnership has been dissolved\n\n- a copy of your spouse\u2019s death certificate\n\nIf you want to stay married, your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration for a spouse.\n\n## Standard or alternative route\n\nFor all application routes you must send:\n\n- an original or certified copy of your birth certificate\n\n- copies of any official documents that show your birth name has changed to your current name\n\n- proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for the required time\n\n- any required medical reports\n\nYou need to have lived in your acquired gender for 2 years if applying through the standard route.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying through the alternative route you need to have lived in your acquired gender for 6 years before 10 December 2014, or 16 December 2014 if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\n## Proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender\n\nThis proof must cover the required time that you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender. It could include copies of your:\n\n- passport\n\n- driving licence\n\n- payslips or benefit documents\n\n- utility bills or other documents of an official nature\n\nAll documents should be in your acquired name and gender. The earliest document must be dated before the beginning of the required time.\n\n## Medical reports\n\nFor the standard and alternative application routes you must send a report that includes details of any treatment you\u2019ve had to change your sexual characteristics, for example hormone treatment or surgery.\n\nThe report must be an original copy from a qualified medical professional, for example a:\n\n- doctor registered with the General Medical Council (GMC)\n\n- psychologist registered with the Health and Care Professions Council\n\nYou can ask your GP or surgeon to fill in a report for you if you do not have one already.\n\nIf you have not had any treatment or surgery yet, you must send a report that includes details of any planned treatment or surgery.\n\nIf you are applying by the standard route you must also send a report with details of your gender dysphoria diagnosis.\n\nRead the list of gender dysphoria specialists to find out who can write this report for you. You can send a report from a registered medical professional not on this list if they can prove they work in gender dysphoria.\n\n## Overseas route\n\nIf you\u2019re applying using the overseas route, you must prove that your gender has been legally recognised in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019. Send original or certified copies of the following (if you have them):\n\n- your new birth certificate and old birth certificate\n\n- an amended birth certificate that shows the change of gender\n\n- a court order authorising your change of gender\n\n- a document that\u2019s equivalent to a Gender Recognition Certificate\n\n- an entry in a legal register that proves your acquired gender has been recognised\n\n## What happens next\n\nYour application will be assessed by the Gender Recognition Panel - you\u2019ll be contacted if they need more proof or information.\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel to find out about your application\u2019s progress.\n\n## If you get a full certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent information on:\n\n- how to get a new birth certificate, marriage certificate or civil partnership where appropriate\n\n- who you must tell about your gender change\n\nYour pension and benefits may be affected.\n\n## If you\u2019re given an interim certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent information on:\n\n- how to annul or dissolve your marriage or civil partnership\n\n- how long you have to convert your civil partnership to a marriage, if applicable\n\n## If your application is turned down\n\nYou\u2019ll be told why your application was rejected.\n\nYou may be able to appeal the decision if you think it\u2019s wrong on a point of law.\n\nWhere you appeal depends on whether you live in:\n\n- England and Wales - appeal to the High Court Family Division\n\n- Scotland - appeal to the Court of Session in Edinburgh\n\n- Northern Ireland - appeal to the High Court\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your decision letter how to appeal or apply again.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Gender Recognition Panel must apply the law in the Gender Recognition Act 2004 and the following amendments:\n\n- Schedule 5, Section 12 of the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013\n\n- Part 4 of the Marriage and Civil Partnership (Scotland) Act 2014", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-gender-recognition-certificate", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I married my wife 10 years ago. I now want to legally change my gender and I am applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate. My wife says she does not want to remain married after the change.", + "original_question": "Will will be given a document stating that my wife does not want to remain married to me?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2181", + "question": "Scenario: My partner and i have separated after 20 years of marriage but we can\u2019t agree on how to split up our shared properties and assets. Efforts to make a binding agreement have been futile. I have police reports documenting domestic abuse throughout our marriage.\n\nQuestion: Can I directly apply for the court to make a decision?\n\nDocument - Money and property when you divorce or separate:\n## Getting a financial agreement\n\nWhen you divorce or end a civil partnership you and your ex-partner need to agree how to separate your finances.\n\nThis includes deciding how you\u2019re going to divide:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nYou might get things like:\n\n- a share of your your partner\u2019s pension - including State Pension or private pension plans\n\n- regular maintenance payments to help with children or living expenses\n\nYou can usually avoid going to court hearings if you agree how to split your money and property.\n\nThe rules are different if you were not married or in a civil partnership. You\u2019ll still have to agree on child maintenance payments for any children.\n\nWhat you can do is different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Making an agreement legally binding\n\nIf you and your ex-partner agree on how to divide money and property, you need to apply for a consent order to make it legally binding.\n\n## Get help agreeing\n\nYou can use a mediator or get other help to resolve issues out of court.\n\n## Get the court to decide\n\nIf you cannot agree on everything, you can ask a court to make a financial order.\n\n## If you agree\n\nIt\u2019s usually more straightforward and less expensive if you agree how to divide your money and property. Get help agreeing.\n\n## Making your agreement legally binding\n\nTo make your agreement legally binding you need to draft a consent order and ask a court to approve it.\n\nIf your agreement is not legally binding, a court cannot enforce it if there are any issues later.\n\nA consent order is a legal document that confirms your agreement. It explains how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nIt can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.\n\nYou can get legal advice or ask a solicitor to draft a consent order for you.\n\n## When to apply for a consent order\n\nYou can ask the court to approve your consent order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.\n\nIt is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.\n\nThe final legal document is the:\n\n- decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing\n\n- final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership\n\nYou can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended. This may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.\n\n## How to ask the court for approval\n\nYou and your ex-partner have to:\n\n- draft a consent order\n\n- sign the draft consent order - you also need 2 photocopies of the signed original\n\n- fill in a statement of information form\n\nOne of you also needs to fill in a notice of an application for a financial order.\n\nIf you\u2019re ending a civil partnership or legally separating, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to the court dealing with your paperwork. Keep your own copies.\n\nIf you\u2019re divorcing, send the signed forms and copies with the \u00a350 fee to:\n\nYou may be able to get help with court fees if you\u2019re on benefits or a low income.\n\nThere\u2019s usually no court hearing. A judge will approve your consent order to make it legally binding if they think it\u2019s fair.\n\nIf they do not think it\u2019s fair, they can ask you to change it.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe court fee is \u00a350.\n\nSolicitor fees vary depending on their experience and location. They usually charge per hour.\n\n## Get help agreeing\n\nA mediator can help you and your ex-partner agree on how to split money and property, without taking sides.\n\nMediation is not relationship counselling. It can help you agree on how you\u2019ll divide your assets, including:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nMediation can be quicker and cheaper than asking a court to decide for you.\n\nYou need to attend a mediation information assessment meeting (MIAM) before you start mediation.\n\nFind a local mediator.\n\nThe mediator can decide mediation is not right for you (for example, if there\u2019s been domestic abuse and you need to go to court instead).\n\n## How much it costs\n\nA MIAM is usually about \u00a330. If you need more mediation sessions they cost more and fees vary depending on where you live.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid for mediation.\n\n## Making your agreement legally binding\n\nAt the end of mediation you\u2019ll get a document showing what you agreed. This agreement is not legally binding.\n\nIf you want a legally binding agreement you need to draft a consent order and get a court to approve it. The consent order can be based on what you agreed in mediation.\n\n## If you need more help agreeing\n\nYou can:\n\n- ask a legal adviser about other ways to resolve issues out of court (such as family arbitration or collaborative law)\n\n- get information and advice from Citizens Advice\n\n- read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced\n\n- work out your finances with a divorce and separation calculator\n\n## If you do not agree on everything\n\nYou can ask a court to decide on anything you have not agreed on.\n\n## Get the court to decide\n\nIf you and your ex-partner cannot agree how to divide your finances you can ask a court to make a financial order (also known as the \u2018contested\u2019 route or an \u2018ancillary relief order\u2019).\n\nThis means the court will decide how assets will be split. Getting the court to decide usually takes longer and is more expensive than if you and your ex-partner agree.\n\nYou must attend a meeting about mediation before you can apply to the court to decide - except in certain cases (if there\u2019s been domestic abuse, for example).\n\nA financial order will describe how you\u2019re going to divide up assets like:\n\n- pensions\n\n- property\n\n- savings\n\n- investments\n\nIt can also include arrangements for maintenance payments, including child maintenance.\n\n## When to apply for a financial order\n\nYou can ask a court to make a financial order if you\u2019ve started the paperwork to divorce or end your civil partnership.\n\nIt is usually more straightforward to divide money and property before you apply for the final legal document to end the relationship.\n\nThe final legal document is the:\n\n- decree absolute if you\u2019re divorcing\n\n- final order if you\u2019re ending a civil partnership\n\nYou can divide money and property after your divorce is finalised or civil partnership has ended but it may change what you\u2019re entitled to get and you may have to pay tax on it.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou need to apply for a financial order.\n\nSend 2 copies of the form to the court dealing with paperwork in your area to divorce or end your civil partnership. Keep a copy for yourself.\n\nYou can hire a solicitor to help you apply for a financial order from the court.\n\n## After you apply\n\nThere are three stages:\n\n- the first appointment - a short hearing with the judge to discuss your application\n\n- financial dispute resolution (FDR) appointment - to help you agree without needing a final hearing (you might need more than one appointment)\n\n- final hearing - if you\u2019re not able to agree, this is when a judge will decide how you must separate your finances\n\nThe court will send you and your ex-partner details when the first appointment will be. This is usually 12 to 14 weeks after you apply.\n\n## Before the first appointment\n\nYou and your ex-partner need to fill in a financial statement for a financial order (Form E) to show a breakdown of your property and debts. This includes giving an estimate of your future living costs.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to collect documents about your finances, for example:\n\n- rental or mortgage agreements\n\n- pension documents\n\n- loan agreements\n\n- proof of your salary income, for example P60 or recent pay slips\n\n- details of personal belongings worth more than \u00a3500, for example a car or house contents\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIt depends on:\n\n- how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need\n\n- if you need a final hearing\n\nThere can be several months between the appointments.\n\n## How the court decides\n\nIf you cannot agree, a judge will decide how assets will be split. They\u2019ll base their decision on how long you\u2019ve been married or in a civil partnership, as well as your:\n\n- age\n\n- ability to earn\n\n- property and money\n\n- living expenses\n\n- standard of living\n\n- financial needs and responsibilities\n\n- role in looking after the family, for example if you were the main earner or caring for the family or home\n\n- disability or health condition, if you have any\n\nThe judge will decide on the fairest way to divide the assets if there\u2019s enough to meet everyone\u2019s needs. They will make arrangements for any children first - especially their housing arrangements and child maintenance. The reason for the divorce or dissolution is not taken into account.\n\nThe judge will usually try to arrange a \u2018clean break\u2019, so everything is shared out, and you no longer have any financial ties to one another.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThe court fee is \u00a3255.\n\nSolicitor fees vary depending on their experience and where you live. They usually charge by the hour. How much you pay in total depends on how many financial dispute resolution appointments you need and if there will be a final hearing.\n\nYou can get legal aid to help with court costs in certain situations, for example if you\u2019re separating from an abusive partner.\n\n## Further help and advice\n\nYou can:\n\n- get information and advice from Citizens Advice\n\n- read guidance to help you sort out finances when you get divorced\n\n- find out more about how to apply for a financial order\n\n## Maintenance payments\n\nThe court sometimes tells the person with the higher income to make regular maintenance payments to help with the other person\u2019s living costs.\n\nThis is called a \u2018maintenance order\u2019.\n\nA maintenance payment can be set for:\n\n- a limited period of time\n\n- until one of you dies, marries or enters into a new civil partnership\n\nThe payment can also be changed if one of you loses your job or gets much better paid work.\n\n## Child maintenance\n\nThe court can also decide on child maintenance, but this is often arranged by the Child Maintenance Service.\n\nRead more about making arrangements to look after children when you divorce or separate.\n\n## Tax when transferring assets\n\nYou do not usually have to pay Capital Gains Tax if you give, or otherwise \u2018dispose of\u2019, assets to your husband, wife or civil partner before you finalise the divorce or civil partnership.\n\nAssets include shares, certain personal possessions and property. You usually do not have to pay tax if you transfer or sell your main home.\n\n## If you transfer an asset when you\u2019re separated\n\nIf you lived together at any point in the tax year that you transferred the asset, the normal rules for spouses and civil partners apply.\n\nOtherwise you may have to pay Capital Gains Tax. You\u2019ll need to get a valuation of the asset on the date of transfer, and use it to work out the gain or loss.\n\nThe tax year is from 6 April to 5 April the following year.\n\n## If you transfer an asset after you\u2019ve divorced or dissolved your civil partnership\n\nYou may have to pay Capital Gains Tax on assets you transfer after your relationship has legally ended.\n\nThe rules for working out your gain or loss are complex. Contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or get professional tax help, such as an accountant or tax adviser. You\u2019ll need to tell them the date of:\n\n- the decree absolute or dissolution\n\n- any court order, if assets were transferred this way\n\n- any other contract showing the transfer of assets", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/money-property-when-relationship-ends", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner and i have separated after 20 years of marriage but we can\u2019t agree on how to split up our shared properties and assets. Efforts to make a binding agreement have been futile. I have police reports documenting domestic abuse throughout our marriage.", + "original_question": "Can I directly apply for the court to make a decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2183", + "question": "Scenario: My 76 year old father from Kent has been missing for 5 years now, my sister still thinks there is hope but I do not.\n\nQuestion: Can I get a death certificate for him if my sister sees the advert and challenges the claim?\n\nDocument - Get a declaration of presumed death:\n## Overview\n\nYou can make a claim for a \u2018declaration of presumed death\u2019 from the High Court if someone you know in England and Wales has been missing for:\n\n- 7 years or more\n\n- less than 7 years and you think they\u2019ve died, for example they went missing during a natural disaster\n\nA missing person is not automatically presumed dead.\n\nYou must make a claim for a declaration of presumed death if you want to do certain things, for example deal with their estate.\n\n## Who can make a claim\n\nYou can make a claim if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:\n\n- spouse or civil partner\n\n- parent\n\n- child\n\n- sibling\n\nIf none of these apply, you\u2019ll need to prove to the court that you have enough of a connection to the missing person (\u2018sufficient interest\u2019), for example you\u2019re a distant relative and you have a birth certificate to prove it.\n\n## What else must be true to make a claim\n\nTo make a claim one or more of the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you treat England or Wales as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date you make the claim\n\n- you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you\u2019ve been living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date you make the claim\n\n- the missing person treated England or Wales as their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date they were last known to be alive\n\n- the missing person was living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date they were last known to be alive\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3528 to get a declaration of presumed death. You may be able to get help paying court fees.\n\n## Make a claim for a declaration of presumed death\n\nYou can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.\n\n- Make your claim.\n\n- Advertise your claim in a newspaper.\n\n- Attend a hearing.\n\n## Make your claim\n\nDownload and fill in a claim form (N208) with details about:\n\n- yourself - known as the \u2018claimant\u2019\n\n- the missing person - known as the \u2018defendant\u2019\n\n- your claim\n\nInclude relevant information about your claim in the section \u2018details of your claim\u2019.\n\nSend the following to a court that can hear High Court cases.\n\n- form N208 - 1 copy for each person named in the form plus a copy for the court\n\n- any supporting evidence, for example statements from witnesses, police reports\n\n- the claim fee of \u00a3528 - make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nThe court will stamp your form with an issue date and keep one copy. You\u2019ll get the other copies back, along with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number.\n\n## Send copies of your claim to other people\n\nSend a copy of form N208 and an acknowledgement of service form within 7 days of the issue date on the form to:\n\n- the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, parents, children and siblings - if none of these are alive send it to the missing person\u2019s nearest relative\n\n- any other person or organisation who might have an interest, for example an insurance company\n\nYou must advertise your application in a newspaper within 7 days.\n\n## Advertise your claim in a newspaper\n\nYou must advertise your application in a newspaper local to the missing person\u2019s last known address.\n\nPlace the advert within 7 days of the issue date stamped on the claim form.\n\n## Use standard text for the advert\n\nUse the following text and make sure you:\n\n- put your case number after the words case number\n\n- replace or delete as appropriate the words in square brackets with the relevant details\n\n## Standard text\n\n\u201cIn the High Court of Justice [Chancery] [Family] Division\n\nCase number.\n\nIn the matter of an application for a declaration of the presumed death of [insert the missing person\u2019s name].\n\nA claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, for a declaration that [insert missing person\u2019s name] whose last known address was [insert missing person\u2019s address] is presumed to be dead. Any person having an interest may apply to the court to intervene in the matter.\n\nIf you wish to apply to the court, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and if possible within 21 days of the date of this notice. Delay may harm your prospects of being able to intervene.\n\n(If the claimant is legally represented) \n [Name of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n [Address of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n (If the claimant is not legally represented) \n [Claimant\u2019s address for service]\u201d\n\n## Send a copy to the court\n\nSend the court a copy of the newspaper page showing the advertisement so it arrives at least 5 days before your court hearing.\n\n## Attend a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll have to attend a hearing about your claim with a High Court judge - this should be within 2 months of making your claim.\n\nBring any relevant documents.\n\nYour claim may be challenged at the hearing if someone gets a copy of the claim form or sees the advert.\n\nAt the hearing you might be:\n\n- asked for more information - the court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need\n\n- told there has to be another hearing - there may be several hearings before a decision is made\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, you\u2019ll get a declaration of presumed death at the hearing or later by letter.\n\n## Get a certificate of presumed death\n\nApply to the General Register Office for a certificate of presumed death.\n\nYou can only do this after you have a declaration of presumed death that is not appealed and the time for appealing against the decision has passed.\n\nYou can usually apply for the certificate 21 days after you get the declaration, unless there\u2019s an appeal or an application for permission to appeal the decision.\n\nThe certificate can be used like a normal death certificate, for example to deal with a missing person\u2019s estate.\n\nIt costs \u00a311.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nContact the Civil Appeals Office to appeal against the High Court\u2019s decision.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nUse the complaints guidance if you\u2019re not happy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-declaration-presumed-death", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My 76 year old father from Kent has been missing for 5 years now, my sister still thinks there is hope but I do not.", + "original_question": "Can I get a death certificate for him if my sister sees the advert and challenges the claim?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2186", + "question": "Scenario: I am in the process of being declared bankrupt after having run up debts on credit and store cards which I simply cannot repay. The level of my debt is over thirty thousand pounds. I own quite a lot of good jewelry and an expensive car which I am convinced are worth more than any reasonable replacement.\n\nQuestion: Will I have to surrender my car and jewellery when my bankruptcy is completed?\n\nDocument - Applying to become bankrupt:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to make yourself bankrupt if you cannot pay your debts.\n\nCheck if there are other ways you can deal with your debts before you apply for bankruptcy.\n\nYour application will be looked at by someone who works for the Insolvency Service called an \u2018adjudicator\u2019. They\u2019ll decide if you should be made bankrupt.\n\nThe process is different if someone else is applying to make you bankrupt.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can only apply for bankruptcy online. It costs \u00a3680.\n\n## What happens when you go bankrupt\n\nIf the adjudicator makes you bankrupt:\n\n- you\u2019ll receive a copy of the bankruptcy order and may be interviewed about your situation\n\n- your assets can be used to pay your debts\n\n- you\u2019ll have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions\n\n- your name and details will be published in the Individual Insolvency Register\n\nYou can apply to have your address removed from the Individual Insolvency Register if publishing it will put you at risk of violence. This will not affect your bankruptcy.\n\nAfter 12 months you\u2019re usually released (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your bankruptcy restrictions and debts. Assets that were part of your estate during the bankruptcy period can still be used to pay your debts.\n\nYou might be able to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy before you\u2019re discharged.\n\nBankruptcy only applies to individuals. Find out what your options are if your limited company cannot pay its creditors.\n\n## Get help and information\n\nRead the following:\n\n- the Citizens Advice bankruptcy advice guide\n\n- the Money Advice Service\u2019s guide on options for writing off your debt\n\nYou can also contact the National Debtline for bankruptcy advice.\n\nYou can get free advice from a debt adviser to help you decide how to deal with your debts.\n\n## If you do not live in England or Wales\n\nThe process to become bankrupt is different if you live in Scotland or Northern Ireland. You cannot apply to become bankrupt in England or Wales.\n\nYou might be able to apply if you live anywhere else - talk to a debt adviser.\n\nYou must not break the bankruptcy restrictions in England or Wales. These might also apply outside England and Wales - check the laws of the country you live in.\n\n## Get a person at risk of violence (PARV) order\n\nWhen you\u2019re made bankrupt, your name and address will be published in:\n\n- the Individual Insolvency Register\n\n- the London Gazette\n\nIf having your address published will put you at risk of violence, you can apply to the court for a person at risk of violence (PARV) order.\n\nYour name will still be published, but your address will not be.\n\nYou can only apply for a PARV if you\u2019ve already started a bankruptcy application.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application form.\n\nTake your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy. They\u2019ll tell you if you need to pay a fee to apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to go to a hearing to present your application to a judge - the court will tell you when and where this will take place. You\u2019ll usually get a decision on the same day.\n\nSubmit your bankruptcy application once you have your PARV order.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get an email or letter from the adjudicator within 28 days of submitting your application to say if you\u2019ve been made bankrupt.\n\nThis can take longer if the adjudicator needs to ask more questions about your application.\n\nThey\u2019ll then issue a bankruptcy order.\n\n## After you get your bankruptcy order\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter from the official receiver within 2 weeks of getting your bankruptcy order. The official receiver is an officer of the court who manages your bankruptcy.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get an information pack that explains what you need to know and what you must do.\n\nYou might be asked to:\n\n- fill in a questionnaire\n\n- attend an interview with the official receiver\n\n- give the official receiver more information about your debts, creditors, assets and income\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to attend an interview\n\nThe interview can be in person or over the phone. The official receiver will:\n\n- check the information they have about your debts and assets\n\n- ask for more details, for example about your pension or savings\n\n- ask how and why you became bankrupt\n\n- answer any questions you have about the bankruptcy process\n\nYour release (\u2018discharge\u2019) from bankruptcy may be delayed if you do not provide the information you\u2019re asked for.\n\n## Restrictions\n\nYou have to follow bankruptcy restrictions when you\u2019re bankrupt. This means you cannot:\n\n- borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender you\u2019re bankrupt\n\n- act as a director of a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- manage a business with a different name without telling people you do business with that you\u2019re bankrupt\n\n- work as an insolvency practitioner (an authorised debt specialist)\n\nIt\u2019s a criminal offence to break the restrictions - you might be prosecuted if you do.\n\nYou must co-operate with the people managing your bankruptcy, for example by providing them with the information they ask for.\n\n## How long the restrictions last\n\nRestrictions last until your bankruptcy ends. This will happen sooner if you cancel your bankruptcy.\n\n## When the restrictions can be extended\n\nBankruptcy restrictions can be extended if you do not carry out your duties under the bankruptcy proceedings or if you\u2019re found to have acted carelessly or dishonestly.\n\nThe official receiver will tell you if the restrictions will be extended.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to agree to a Bankruptcy Restrictions Undertaking to extend the restrictions. If you do not agree, they\u2019ll ask the court to issue a Bankruptcy Restrictions Order.\n\n## Your assets\n\nYour assets might be sold to pay your bankruptcy debts. You have to hand over your assets to the person appointed to manage your bankruptcy (your \u2018trustee\u2019). They can be:\n\n- an official receiver - an officer of the court\n\n- an insolvency practitioner - an authorised debt specialist\n\nThe official receiver will usually act as your trustee to begin with.\n\n## Assets you can keep\n\nYou can usually keep:\n\n- items needed for your job, such as tools or a vehicle\n\n- household items, such as clothing, bedding or furniture\n\nYou might have to give these items up if they\u2019re worth more than a reasonable replacement.\n\n## Your bank accounts\n\nYou must give the official receiver your bank cards, cheque books and credit cards for any accounts you\u2019re no longer allowed to use. This includes any account that was overdrawn on the date you were made bankrupt.\n\nYour accounts will be frozen but your trustee may release:\n\n- any money you need urgently, for example to buy food\n\n- your partner\u2019s share of any money in a joint account\n\nYour bank will decide whether to allow you to continue using your accounts.\n\n## Your pension\n\nYou usually keep any money you\u2019ve put into a pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.\n\nSpeak to your trustee or read the guidance to find out how bankruptcy will affect your pension.\n\nYou can get free advice on managing your money and how bankruptcy affects your credit rating from Citizens Advice or National Debtline.\n\n## Your home\n\nYour home might be sold depending on your equity - your share after any secured debts (like a mortgage) have been paid.\n\nYou might have to give up:\n\n- your equity\n\n- legal ownership of the property if your equity is \u00a31,000 or more\n\nIf your trustee has not put your home up for sale within 3 years it will be transferred back to you.\n\n## Sole owners\n\nThe equity and legal ownership are transferred to your trustee. This means you cannot sell the property or claim any money from a sale.\n\nA bankruptcy restriction or notice is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register to say this.\n\nIt can only be removed if it\u2019s been added to your property by mistake. Send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying you are not bankrupt and an application to change the register for a property.\n\n## Joint owners\n\nThe equity is transferred to your trustee.\n\nA \u2018Form J restriction\u2019 is added to your property\u2019s entry in the land register. This means your trustee will be told of any dealings connected with your home, for example if you try to sell it.\n\nIt can be removed if you can prove you (as the bankrupt) do not have a share in the property, for example if your partner owns the property. The owner has to send HM Land Registry a signed statement saying they are not the bankrupt person and an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction.\n\n## Stop the sale of your home\n\nYou might be able to stop or delay the sale of your home if, for example:\n\n- the value of your equity is less than \u00a31,000\n\n- the equity or legal title can be sold to someone else, such as a partner\n\n- you need to organise somewhere for children or a partner to live - the sale can be delayed for up to 1 year\n\nYou may want to get legal advice to find out if you can stop or delay the sale of your home.\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## Rented property\n\nYour landlord may be told that you\u2019re bankrupt and your rental situation may be affected.\n\n## Your income\n\nYour trustee will tell you if you have to make monthly payments from your spare income - you\u2019ll only have to do this if you can afford it.\n\nThe arrangement can last for up to 3 years and is called an Income Payments Agreement (IPA).\n\nIf you\u2019re getting pension payments when you\u2019re made bankrupt, those payments usually count as income.\n\nIf you do not agree to the IPA your trustee can ask the court to order you to make monthly payments. This is called an Income Payments Order (IPO).\n\nYour official receiver will set up your IPA or IPO and charge a fee. The fee can be up to \u00a3150 and is taken out of your first payment.\n\n## How much you pay\n\nThe monthly amount you pay depends on how much you can afford after essential expenses like food and bills are paid.\n\n## Cancel a bankruptcy\n\nYou can apply to cancel (\u2018annul\u2019) your bankruptcy if:\n\n- the bankruptcy order should not have been made\n\n- all your debts and bankruptcy fees have been paid or secured (guaranteed) by a third party\n\n- you\u2018ve made an Individual Voluntary Arrangement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts\n\nIf your circumstances change and you can pay off all your debts, then you must pay it through your official receiver or a solicitor.\n\nThis means you will not have to follow the bankruptcy restrictions.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the application form.\n\nSend or take your completed form to your nearest court that deals with bankruptcy.\n\nYou must tell the court if you want details of your bankruptcy removed from the Land Charges register.\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a date for a court hearing of your application, which you must attend.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to attend your interview with the official receiver if you\u2019ve been asked to.\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, they\u2019ll make an annulment order which cancels your bankruptcy.\n\n## Advertise your cancellation order\n\nYou can ask the official receiver to advertise your annulment order within 28 days of getting it. You cannot do this if your bankruptcy order has not been advertised yet.\n\nYour annulment order will be advertised wherever your bankruptcy order was.\n\n## When bankruptcy ends\n\nYour bankruptcy and the restrictions generally end when you\u2019re \u2018discharged\u2019, which is usually automatic.\n\nThis is usually 12 months after the adjudicator made you bankrupt. It can be longer in some circumstances, for example if you do not co-operate with your trustee.\n\nCheck your discharge date online using the Individual Insolvency Register.\n\nIf you cancel your bankruptcy, all restrictions will end immediately and your details will be removed from the Individual Insolvency Register.\n\n## Proof of discharge\n\nEmail the Insolvency Service and ask for a \u2018confirmation letter\u2019 to prove your bankruptcy has ended. There\u2019s no fee.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying for a mortgage, you\u2019ll need a Certificate of Discharge.\n\nHow you get it depends on how you applied for your bankruptcy.\n\nIf you applied:\n\n- at a court, contact the court and pay the \u00a370 fee (\u00a310 for each copy)\n\n- online, email the Insolvency Service - there\u2019s no fee\n\n## Bankruptcy registers\n\nThe Individual Insolvency Register is updated within 3 months of your discharge.\n\nYou must apply to both Land Charges and HM Land Registry to have your bankruptcy entry removed from any properties you still own after paying your debts.\n\nBankruptcy entries are automatically removed from the Land Charges register after 5 years if they\u2019re not renewed.\n\n## Apply to Land Charges\n\nSend an application to cancel an entry in the Land Register (K11) to the Land Charges Department.\n\nYou need to include:\n\n- a copy of your court order permitting the cancellation (or \u2018vacation\u2019) of the entry\n\n- \u00a31 for each entry you want to cancel\n\n## Apply to HM Land Registry\n\nYou need to send HM Land Registry either:\n\n- an application to change the register for a property, if you\u2019re the sole owner of your property\n\n- an application for the cancellation of a Form J restriction, if you own your property with someone else\n\nYou must include a copy of your court order.\n\nAll forms sent will be destroyed once the registers are updated. You can send copies if you write \u201cI certify that this is a true copy of the original\u201d together with your signature on the first page.\n\n## Your credit record\n\nCredit reference agencies will not be told directly when your bankruptcy ends - they\u2019ll get this information from public records.\n\nGet a copy of your credit reference report - contact a credit reference agency if it needs updating.\n\nYour bankruptcy can stay on your credit reference file for 6 years from the date of your bankruptcy.\n\n## Debts that will not be written off\n\nWhen you\u2019re discharged you\u2019ll be released from most, but not all, of the debts you owed at the date of the bankruptcy.\n\nDebts you will not be released from include:\n\n- debts arising from fraud\n\n- anything you owe under family proceedings - unless the court decides otherwise\n\n- damages for personal injuries to anyone - unless the court decides otherwise\n\n- debts which were not included in the bankruptcy itself, for example a debt to the Student Loans Company", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/bankruptcy", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am in the process of being declared bankrupt after having run up debts on credit and store cards which I simply cannot repay. The level of my debt is over thirty thousand pounds. I own quite a lot of good jewelry and an expensive car which I am convinced are worth more than any reasonable replacement.", + "original_question": "Will I have to surrender my car and jewellery when my bankruptcy is completed?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2187", + "question": "Scenario: My partner and I live abroad. We are planning to take our daughter to an independent school in the UK when she turns 5. We admire the UK National curriculum. We also have another daughter which is applying for a Child Student visa.\n\nQuestion: Can we bring our other young daughter through the visa of the first child?\n\nDocument - Parent of a Child Student visa:\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can only apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa if your child has or is applying for a Child Student visa. Or if they currently have a Tier 4 (Child) visa.\n\nYour child must be aged between 4 and 11 when you apply, and be attending an independent school in the UK.\n\nYou must also:\n\n- be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK\n\n- have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK\n\n- maintain your main home outside the UK\n\n- plan to leave the UK when your visa expires\n\n## Bringing family members with you\n\nTo be eligible for a Parent of a Child Student visa you must be the only parent accompanying your child in the UK. The child\u2019s other parent must live abroad, and cannot apply to join you in the UK.\n\nYou can bring your other children with you if they also have or are applying for a Child Student visa.\n\nYou cannot bring other family members with you on this visa. They may be able to apply to come to the UK on a short-term visit visa.\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme.\n\nOtherwise you need a visa to come to the UK for more than 6 months. The earliest your Parent of a Child Student visa will start from is 1 January 2021.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK until your child\u2019s visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.\n\nYou can extend your visa while in the UK as long as you meet the eligibility requirements.\n\n## If you leave the UK\n\nIf your child is staying in education in the UK without you, you must make arrangements for their ongoing care. For example, if your child turns 12 and their visa is still valid, they may be able to start boarding at their current school, or live with other family members in the UK.\n\n## What you cannot do\n\nWhile you\u2019re in the UK on a Parent of a Child Student visa, you cannot:\n\n- do paid work\n\n- study\n\n- start a business\n\n- make the UK your main home\n\n- apply for benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- bring other family members with you\n\n- switch to a different type of visa\n\n## Money you need\n\nWhen you apply for a Parent of a Child Student visa, you must:\n\n- pay the application fee\n\n- pay the healthcare surcharge for each year of your stay\n\n- prove that you have enough money to support yourself and your child while you\u2019re in the UK\n\n## Visa application fee\n\nA Parent of a Child Student visa costs \u00a3516.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your online application. It usually costs \u00a3624 per year.\n\nThis is so you can use the National Health Service (NHS) in the UK.\n\nCheck how much you\u2019ll need to pay before you apply.\n\nYou pay the surcharge as part of your online visa application.\n\n## Money to support yourself and your child\n\nYou\u2019ll need to show that you have enough money to support yourself and your child in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need \u00a31,560 for each month of your stay up to a maximum of 9 months. This amount is to support both you and your child.\n\nFor example, if you\u2019re staying for 9 months or longer you\u2019ll need to prove you have \u00a314,040 (9 months \u00d7 \u00a31,560).\n\n## If you want to bring your other children\n\nYou\u2019ll need an extra \u00a3625 per month, up to a maximum of 9 months, for each additional child that accompanies you to the UK. They must be a sibling of your other child and also have a Child Student visa.\n\n## If you\u2019re extending your visa\n\nIf you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa, you do not need to prove you have money to support yourself and your child for your visa application.\n\n## Documents you'll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel document\n\n- proof that you have enough money to support yourself and your child - unless you\u2019ve been in the UK for at least 12 months on a valid visa\n\n- evidence that you have a permanent home outside the UK\n\nDepending on your circumstances, you might also need to provide:\n\n- your tuberculosis (TB) test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the TB test\n\n- a certified translation of any documents that are not in English or Welsh\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online for a Parent of a Child Student visa before you travel to the UK.\n\nThe earliest you can apply is 6 months before you travel to the UK.\n\nCheck what documents you\u2019ll need to apply.\n\n## Apply online\n\nAs part of your online application, you will need to book an appointment at a visa application centre to prove your identity. You\u2019ll have your fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at your appointment.\n\nThe visa application centre may keep your passport and documents while processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply online\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 3 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision. Check if your visa application centre offers faster decisions and other services.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa while in the UK as long as you and your child meet the eligibility requirements. This includes if your child currently has a Tier 4 (Child) student visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nWhen you extend your visa you can stay in the UK until the date your child\u2019s student visa expires or they turn 12, whichever happens first.\n\n## When to apply to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply before your current visa expires.\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you get a decision on your visa application.\n\n## Apply to extend your visa\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point. At the appointment you must provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo). It costs \u00a319.20.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply to extend\n\n## Continue your application\n\nYou can sign back into your application if you\u2019ve saved it. Check your email and follow the link to return to your application.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying to extend your visa in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied online, proved your identity and provided your documents, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa within 8 weeks.\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\nYou can stay in the UK until you\u2019ve been given a decision, as long as you applied before your last visa expired.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application is complex and will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- of your personal circumstances (for example if you have a criminal conviction)\n\n## If you need to change or cancel your application\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it, contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to withdraw your application by contacting UKVI. Your fee will only be refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\n## After you get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or an email containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\nFind out what happens after you get your decision.\n\nIf you applied for an administrative review because your application was refused, you can stay in the UK until you get your review decision.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/parent-of-a-child-at-school-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My partner and I live abroad. We are planning to take our daughter to an independent school in the UK when she turns 5. We admire the UK National curriculum. We also have another daughter which is applying for a Child Student visa.", + "original_question": "Can we bring our other young daughter through the visa of the first child?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2189", + "question": "Scenario: My uncle has a 14 year old step son who moved to England from India last month. He has been looking for a special grammar school for him to join. He is fairly confident he will be able to pass an entrance exam for such a school.\n\nQuestion: Will children who are able to pass an entrance exam for a grammar school be given priority?\n\nDocument - School admissions:\n## Choosing schools\n\nIf you live in England contact your local council to find:\n\n- state-funded schools in your area\n\n- admission criteria for the schools you\u2019re interested in\n\nThe process is different if you live in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nYou can also contact your local council to apply for places at state schools in other areas. You can search online to find schools in England.\n\n## Private schools or home schooling\n\nIf you\u2019re looking for a place at a private school (also called \u2018independent schools\u2019), contact the school directly.\n\nYou can also choose to teach your child at home, known as home schooling.\n\n## Children with special educational needs (SEN)\n\nIf your child has SEN, their Education, Health and Care (EHC) plan will name a school for them. The school must give your child a place.\n\nYou can ask your local council to carry out an assessment if you think your child needs additional support with their educational, health and social needs.\n\n## Find out about a primary or secondary school\n\nYou can find out more by:\n\n- visiting the school - most schools have open days\n\n- reading the school\u2019s most recent Ofsted reports\n\n- checking school performance tables\n\n- talking to other parents about what they think of the school\n\n## What schools must publish on their website\n\nSchools\u2019 websites must include:\n\n- admission arrangements, including how to apply\n\n- details of the curriculum\n\n- behaviour policy\n\n- links to Ofsted reports\n\n- links to performance data\n\n- the school\u2019s latest key stage 2 and 4 attainment and progress measures\n\n- their policies for children with special educational needs and disabilities\n\n- the amount of money they get for taking underprivileged children (the \u2018pupil premium\u2019), what they do with it and the effect it\u2019s had\n\nYou can also get advice about choosing state-funded schools from your local council.\n\n## Admission criteria\n\nAll schools have admission criteria to decide which children get places. The school or local council usually set these.\n\nAdmission criteria are different for each school. They may give priority to children:\n\n- who live close to the school\n\n- who have a brother or sister at the school already\n\n- from a particular religion (for faith schools)\n\n- who pass an entrance exam (for selective schools, for example grammar schools)\n\n- who went to a particular primary school (a \u2018feeder school\u2019)\n\n- who are eligible for the pupil premium or the service pupil premium\n\n- whose parent has worked at the school for 2 years or more\n\nYour local council can give you information about schools\u2019 criteria and how to apply.\n\n## Children in care\n\nAll state-funded schools must give top priority to admitting children who:\n\n- are in care or being looked after\n\n- have been in care\n\n## Complain about unfair admission arrangements\n\nContact the Schools Adjudicator if you think a school has unlawful or unfair admission arrangements.\n\nYou need to complain by 15 May of the year before you\u2019re applying for a place. For example, to complain about admission arrangements for September 2021 the deadline is 15 May 2020.\n\n## School starting age\n\nMost children start school full-time in the September after their fourth birthday. This means they\u2019ll turn 5 during their first school year.\n\nFor example, if your child\u2019s fourth birthday is between 1 September 2021 and 31 August 2022 they will usually start school in September 2022.\n\n## If you want your child to start later\n\nIf you do not think your child is ready to start school at the usual time, they can start later - as long as they\u2019re in full-time education by the time they reach \u2018compulsory school age\u2019.\n\nThey can start:\n\n- part time\n\n- part-way through the year\n\n- in the next school year, in the September after they turn 5\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to apply for a school place at the same time as everyone else. You request your child\u2019s later start when you apply.\n\n## If your child starts in the September after they turn 5\n\nYour child will go into year 1. Contact the local council or school if you want your child to start in reception instead. They do not have to agree.\n\n## Compulsory school age\n\nYour child must start full-time education once they reach compulsory school age. This is on 31 December, 31 March or 31 August following their fifth birthday - whichever comes first. If your child\u2019s fifth birthday is on one of those dates then they reach compulsory school age on that date.\n\nFor example, if your child reaches compulsory school age on 31 March, they must start full-time education at the beginning of the next term (summer term that year).\n\nChildren must stay in full-time education until they reach school leaving age.\n\nAll 3 to 4-year-olds in England are entitled to free early education before they start school full time.\n\n## How to apply\n\nFollow your local council\u2019s application process to:\n\n- apply for a primary school place\n\n- apply for a secondary school place\n\nYou must still apply for a place, even if the school is linked to your child\u2019s current nursery, infant or primary school.\n\nApply directly for:\n\n- a 6th form place at a school or college\n\n- a place at a private school\n\n## Moving to another area\n\nYou apply through your local council even if you\u2019re applying for schools in another council area or you\u2019ve just moved to England.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from another country, contact the local council in the area where you\u2019re going to live.\n\nYou may need to:\n\n- supply proof of your new address, for example a mortgage or rental agreement or deeds for the property\n\n- prove that you\u2019ll live in the area before the start of the next school term\n\n## Completing the application\n\nWhen you fill in the form (online or on paper) you\u2019ll be asked to list the schools you\u2019re applying for in order of preference.\n\nListing only one school will not increase your chances of getting a place there.\n\nTo get a copy of the application form on paper, contact your local council.\n\n## When to apply\n\nApplications open on different days in each local council area. Find out from your local council when applications open for primary or secondary schools.\n\n## Applying for a primary school place\n\nYou must apply for a primary school place a year before your child can start school.\n\nApplications open in September and close on 15 January. Your child will be 3 or have just turned 4 when you apply.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to apply then even if you want your child to start part-way through the year.\n\n## Applying for a secondary school place\n\nThe deadline for applying is 31 October.\n\nYour child is less likely to be offered a place at their chosen schools if you miss the deadline for applications.\n\n## When you\u2019ll find out\n\nCouncils will send offers of school places for:\n\n- primary schools on 16 April\n\n- secondary schools on 1 March\n\nIf either date falls on a weekend or a bank holiday, offers are sent the next working day.\n\nYou must accept the offer by the deadline given in the offer letter. Otherwise it may be withdrawn and the place given to someone else.\n\nThe local council must provide a place at another school, if your child is not offered a place at any of the schools you\u2019ve applied for. This is usually your nearest school with places still available.\n\n## Applying after the start of the school year\n\nContact your local council to find out about applying for a school place once the school year has started (known as in-year applications). They can tell you which schools still have places and how to apply.\n\nOnce your child has been offered a place, they will usually start school at the beginning of the following term.\n\n## School waiting lists\n\nIf your child does not have a place, contact your local council for schools with places.\n\nYou can also put your child\u2019s name down on a waiting list. The \u2018admission authority\u2019 for the school (usually the school itself or the council) must keep a waiting list open for at least the first term of each school year.\n\nContact the school or your local council if you want your child\u2019s name added to a waiting list.\n\nYou can add your child\u2019s name to a waiting list even if they have been offered a place at another school.\n\nIf your child is on a waiting list and the school offers you a place, the admission authority will send you a formal offer. You can still accept the offer even if your child has already started at another school.\n\n## Appealing a school's decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter with the decision about your child\u2019s school. If your child is refused a place, you can appeal against the decision. The letter will tell you how.\n\nYou must appeal against each rejection separately. You can only appeal once against each rejection.\n\n## Preparing your appeal\n\nThe admission authority for the school must allow you at least 20 school days to appeal from when they send the decision letter.\n\nThe admission authority will set a deadline for submitting information and evidence to support your appeal. If you submit anything after the deadline, it might not be considered and may result in delays to your hearing.\n\nCoram Children\u2019s Legal Centre may be able to give you advice about appeals.\n\n## When the hearing will be\n\nThe admission authority must give you at least 10 school days\u2019 notice of the hearing.\n\nAppeals must be heard within 40 school days of the deadline for making an appeal.\n\n## What happens at the appeal hearing\n\nThere\u2019s a panel of 3 or more people at the appeal hearing. The panel must be independent and must follow the school admission appeals code.\n\n- The admission authority will explain why they turned down your application.\n\n- You\u2019ll be able to give your own reasons why your child should be admitted.\n\n- The appeals panel must decide if the school\u2019s admission criteria were properly followed and comply with the school admissions code.\n\n- If the criteria were not properly followed or do not comply with the school admissions code your appeal must be upheld.\n\n- If your reasons for your child to be admitted outweigh the school\u2019s reasons for not admitting any more children at all, your appeal will be upheld.\n\n- You will usually be sent the decision within 5 school days.\n\nYou can read more about school admission appeals.\n\n## Appeals for infant classes\n\nYou need to go through the same process if you\u2019re appealing a decision about an infant class. In reception, year 1 and year 2, the class size is limited to 30. Your application can be turned down if all the classes already have 30 children.\n\nYour appeal could be successful if:\n\n- giving your child a place will not increase the class size above the limit\n\n- the admission arrangements have not been properly followed\n\n- the admission criteria do not comply with the school admissions code\n\n## Complain about the appeals process\n\nYou can complain about the way the appeal was carried out, but you can not complain about the decision itself.\n\n## Maintained schools\n\nComplain to the Local Government Ombudsman.\n\nFill in the online complaint form.\n\n## If a maintained school becomes an academy\n\nIf you complain about an appeal concerning a maintained school that then converts to academy status, the Local Government Ombudsman will investigate it and pass any actions to the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA).\n\n## Other schools\n\nComplain to ESFA about an appeal made to:\n\n- free schools\n\n- academies, including university technical colleges and studio schools\n\nFill in the online complaint form.\n\nUsing the online form is the quickest way to make a complaint. If you need a paper form instead, contact:\n\nYou should get a decision on your complaint within 9 weeks (45 working days). You\u2019ll be told if it\u2019ll take longer.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter explaining the reasons for the decision.\n\nIf ESFA decides something went wrong with the appeals panel, it may:\n\n- ask the school to hold a new appeal hearing with a different panel\n\n- recommend the school reviews its appeals process\n\n## Complain about another school matter\n\nIf you have a complaint about a school that is not related to the appeals process, contact the Department for Education.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/schools-admissions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My uncle has a 14 year old step son who moved to England from India last month. He has been looking for a special grammar school for him to join. He is fairly confident he will be able to pass an entrance exam for such a school.", + "original_question": "Will children who are able to pass an entrance exam for a grammar school be given priority?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2192", + "question": "Scenario: I am a UK business trader and have been running my business at a loss since the covid restrictions were imposed. My business is on the verge of collapsing and I have made most of my employees redundant. Creditors have been making endless calls. I have never applied for any breathing space. I do not have a debt relief order nor an individual voluntary arrangement. There was an interim order issued on the business but it is not active anymore. The company is in good financial standing and is not going bankrupt.\n\nQuestion: Can i apply and get a breathing space?\n\nDocument - Options for paying off your debts:\n## Overview\n\nIf you owe people money (your \u2018creditors\u2019) you can make arrangements to pay your debts. Your options depend on the amount of money and assets you have.\n\n## Where you can get help\n\nSpeak to a debt adviser to get help choosing the best way to deal with your debt.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information about debt management and free debt advisory services.\n\n## Paying off your debts\n\nYou can pay your debts in instalments by setting up:\n\n- a Debt Management Plan which is an agreement with your creditors managed by a financial company\n\n- an Administration Order when you\u2019ve had a county court judgment (CCJ) or a High Court judgment (HCJ) against you for debts under \u00a35,000\n\n- an Individual Voluntary Arrangement which is managed by an insolvency practitioner\n\nYou can also get temporary protection from your creditors through the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, while still making repayments. You\u2019ll need to apply through a debt advisor.\n\nIn Scotland you can arrange a Debt Payment Programme from the Debt Arrangement Scheme.\n\nYou may also have the option of reaching an informal agreement with your creditors.\n\n## If you cannot pay off your debt\n\nYou can apply for a Debt Relief Order or Bankruptcy Order if you cannot pay your debts because you do not have enough money or assets you can sell.\n\nIf you cannot pay off your debts, you can be made bankrupt.\n\n## Breathing Space (Debt Respite Scheme)\n\nIf you live in England or Wales, you can get temporary protection from your creditors while you get debt advice and make a plan. This scheme is called \u2018Breathing Space\u2019.\n\nYou can get temporary protection for up to 60 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll still need to make your debt repayments.\n\nIf you get it:\n\n- enforcement action cannot be taken against you\n\n- your creditors cannot contact you about debts included in your Breathing Space\n\n- your creditors cannot add interest or charges to your debt\n\nIf you\u2019re getting mental health crisis treatment, your protection from creditors will be longer. It will last for the length of your treatment, plus another 30 days.\n\n## How to apply for the Breathing Space scheme\n\nTo apply for the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme, you need to talk to a debt adviser. They will submit an application on your behalf if it\u2019s the right thing to do.\n\nYou can find a free debt adviser on the Money Advice Service website. You can get confidential advice online, over the phone or in person.\n\nIf you\u2019re receiving mental health treatment and cannot speak to a debt adviser, someone else can do so on your behalf.\n\n## Costs\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply for \u2018Breathing Space\u2019, but some debt advisers may charge you a fee.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- not have a debt relief order (DRO), an individual voluntary arrangement (IVA), an interim order, or be an undischarged bankrupt at the time you apply\n\n- not already be using the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme\n\n- not have used the \u2018Breathing Space\u2019 scheme in the last 12 months, unless it was for a mental health crisis\n\n## Debt Management Plans\n\nA Debt Management Plan is an agreement between you and your creditors to pay all of your debts.\n\nDebt management plans are usually used when either:\n\n- you can only afford to pay creditors a small amount each month\n\n- you have debt problems but will be able to make repayments in a few months\n\nYou can arrange a plan with your creditors yourself or through a licensed debt management company for a fee. If you arrange this with a company:\n\n- you make regular payments to the company\n\n- the company shares the money out between your creditors\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether a Debt Management Plan is right for you.\n\n## Get a Debt Management Plan\n\n- Set up a plan with a debt management company authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). Search the Financial Services Register for an authorised company.\n\n- The company works out your monthly payments. You\u2019ll have to give details about your financial situation, for example your assets, debts, income and creditors.\n\n- The company contacts your creditors and asks them to agree to the plan (they do not have to).\n\nUnless stated in the agreement, your creditors can still:\n\n- ask you to pay your full debt at a later date\n\n- take action to recover their money even if you keep up your payments\n\n## Costs\n\nSome companies will charge:\n\n- a set up fee\n\n- a handling fee each time you make a payment\n\nMake sure you understand the costs of your plan and how you pay for it.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nDebt Management Plans can only be used to pay \u2018unsecured\u2019 debts, for example debts that have not been guaranteed against your property.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour plan can be cancelled if you do not keep up your repayments.\n\n## Administration orders\n\nAn administration order is a way to deal with debt if you have a county court or High Court judgment against you and you cannot pay in full.\n\nThe debt must be less than \u00a35,000.\n\nYou make 1 payment a month to your local court. The court will divide this money between your creditors.\n\nCreditors listed on the administration order cannot take any further action against you without the court\u2019s permission.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether an administration order is right for you.\n\n## Get an administration order\n\nFill in an application for an administration order (form N92) and return it to your local court.\n\nThe court decides:\n\n- how much of your debt you have to repay, for example all or just part of it\n\n- how much your monthly repayments will be\n\n- how long the arrangement lasts\n\nThe arrangement is known as a \u2018composition order\u2019 if you cannot pay all your debts.\n\n## Costs\n\nThere\u2019s a court fee each time you make a payment. This cannot be more than 10% of your debt.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou must:\n\n- owe less than \u00a35,000, including any interest and charges\n\n- owe money to at least 2 creditors\n\n- prove you can afford regular repayments, for example by giving details of your income\n\n- have a county court or High Court judgment against you, which you cannot pay in full\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYou must keep up your repayments or the court can:\n\n- ask your employer take money from your wages \u2013 known as an \u2018attachment of earnings order\u2019\n\n- cancel the arrangement\n\nYou may still be able to keep your business running, if you have one.\n\n## Public records\n\nYour administration order is added to the Register of Judgments, Orders and Fines.\n\nIt\u2019s usually removed 6 years after the date the order was made.\n\nYour entry is marked as \u2018satisfied\u2019 if you repay your debts in full.\n\nYou can also ask the court for a \u2018certificate of satisfaction\u2019. To do this, write to the court and send a cheque for \u00a315 (made payable to Her Majesty\u2019s Courts and Tribunal Service).\n\n## Individual Voluntary Arrangements\n\nAn Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA) is an agreement with your creditors to pay all or part of your debts. You agree to make regular payments to an insolvency practitioner, who will divide this money between your creditors.\n\nAn IVA can give you more control of your assets than bankruptcy.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information on organisations that can give you free advice about whether an IVA is right for you.\n\n## Get an Individual Voluntary Arrangement (IVA)\n\nUse an insolvency practitioner to get an IVA.\n\nYour insolvency practitioner works out what you can afford to repay and how long the IVA lasts. You\u2019ll have to give details about your financial situation, for example your assets, debts, income and creditors.\n\nYour insolvency practitioner will contact your creditors. The IVA will start if the creditors holding 75% of your debts agree to it. It will apply to all your creditors, including any who disagreed to it.\n\nAn IVA will stop your creditors taking action against you for your debts.\n\n## Costs\n\nThere are usually 2 fees:\n\n- a set up fee\n\n- a handling fee each time you make a payment\n\nMake sure you know how much it\u2019s going to cost before asking an insolvency practitioner to act for you.\n\n## Your responsibilities\n\nYour IVA can be cancelled by the insolvency practitioner if you do not keep up your repayments. The insolvency practitioner can make you bankrupt.\n\nYou may still be able to keep your business running, if you have one.\n\n## Public records\n\nYour IVA will be added to the Individual Insolvency Register. It\u2019s removed 3 months after the IVA ends.\n\n## Debt Relief Orders\n\nDebt Relief Orders (DROs) are one way to deal with your debts if you owe less than \u00a320,000, do not have much spare income and do not own your home.\n\nIf you get one:\n\n- your creditors cannot recover their money without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- you\u2019re usually freed (\u2018discharged\u2019) from your debts after 12 months\n\n## Get a Debt Relief Order\n\nYou get a DRO from the official receiver, an officer of the bankruptcy court, but you must apply through an authorised debt adviser. They\u2019ll help you fill in the paperwork.\n\nThere\u2019s a list of organisations that can help you find an authorised debt adviser in the guide to DROs.\n\nThe Money Advice Service has information about where to get free debt advice.\n\n## Costs\n\nThe official receiver\u2019s fee is \u00a390. Your debt adviser can tell you how and when to pay it. In some cases a charity may be able to help you with the cost - ask your debt adviser.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou\u2019re generally eligible if you meet all of these criteria:\n\n- you owe less than \u00a320,000\n\n- you\u2019ve less than \u00a350 a month spare income\n\n- you\u2019ve less than \u00a31,000 worth of assets\n\n- you\u2019ve lived or worked in England and Wales within the last 3 years\n\n- you have not applied for a DRO within the last 6 years\n\n## Restrictions\n\nYou must follow rules called \u2018restrictions\u2019 if you get a DRO.\n\nThis means you cannot:\n\n- borrow more than \u00a3500 without telling the lender about your DRO\n\n- act as the director of a company\n\n- create, manage or promote a company without the court\u2019s permission\n\n- manage a business without telling those you do business with about your DRO\n\nIf you want to open a bank account, you may also have to tell the bank or building society about your DRO.\n\nCheck the Individual Insolvency Register to see when the restrictions end.\n\nThe restrictions usually last 12 months. They can be extended if careless or dishonest behaviour caused your debt problem. For example, you lied to get credit.\n\nThe official receiver will tell you if they should be extended. To extend them, you\u2019ll be asked to agree to a \u2018Debt Relief Restrictions Undertaking\u2019. The court can issue a \u2018Debt Relief Restrictions Order\u2019 if you do not agree.\n\n## What you need to know\n\nWhile you have a DRO you still have to pay:\n\n- your rent and bills\n\n- certain debts, for example student loans, court fines\n\nDROs can be cancelled if:\n\n- your finances improve\n\n- you do not co-operate with the official receiver - for example you do not give them the information they ask for\n\nIf you get new debt after your DRO is approved you could:\n\n- get a bankruptcy order\n\n- be prosecuted if you do not tell new creditors about your DRO\n\nYour DRO is added to the Individual Insolvency Register - it\u2019s removed 3 months after the DRO ends.\n\nYour DRO will stay on your credit record for 6 years.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/options-for-paying-off-your-debts", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a UK business trader and have been running my business at a loss since the covid restrictions were imposed. My business is on the verge of collapsing and I have made most of my employees redundant. Creditors have been making endless calls. I have never applied for any breathing space. I do not have a debt relief order nor an individual voluntary arrangement. There was an interim order issued on the business but it is not active anymore. The company is in good financial standing and is not going bankrupt.", + "original_question": "Can i apply and get a breathing space?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2196", + "question": "Scenario: I married my wife 10 years ago. I now want to legally change my gender and I am applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate.\n\nQuestion: Will my marriage's legal status change if both me and my wife agree to remain married despite the change?\n\nDocument - Apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate:\n## Overview\n\nApply to the Gender Recognition Panel for a Gender Recognition Certificate if you want your acquired gender to be legally recognised in the UK.\n\nThere are 3 different ways (\u2018routes\u2019) to get a certificate - which one you use depends on your situation.\n\nRead the full guidance before you apply.\n\n## Standard route\n\nApply by the standard route if all the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria (discomfort with your birth gender) - this is also called gender identity disorder, gender incongruence or transsexualism\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 2 years\n\n- you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life\n\n## Alternative route\n\nApply by the alternative route if all the following are true:\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- you\u2019ve been diagnosed with gender dysphoria or had surgery to change your sexual characteristics\n\n- you live in England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland most of the time\n\n- you intend to live in your acquired gender for the rest of your life\n\n- you\u2019re in (or have been in) a protected marriage or protected civil partnership before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for at least 6 years before 10 December 2014 (16 December 2014 for Scottish marriages and civil partnerships)\n\nA marriage or civil partnership is protected if it\u2019s one of the following:\n\n- registered under the law of England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\n- a marriage solemnised in Scotland\n\n- a civil partnership registered in Scotland\n\n- a marriage registered under the law of a country or territory outside the UK\n\n- a marriage on UK consular premises or in an armed forces base, if you elected England, Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland as the relevant part of the UK\n\n## Overseas route\n\nApply by the overseas route if your acquired gender has been legally accepted in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019 and you have documents to prove it.\n\nYou must be 18 or over.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get information, advice and support from a number of voluntary organisations - you can find a list on page 21 of the full guidance.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice or find a legal adviser.\n\n## If you're married or in a civil partnership\n\n## If you\u2019re married\n\nYou can stay married if you apply for a Gender Recognition Certificate.\n\nYou and your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration saying you both agree to stay married.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if you or your spouse do not want to remain married, or if your spouse does not fill in a statutory declaration. You can use the interim certificate as grounds to end the marriage.\n\nIf your marriage is registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland and you have an interim certificate, you\u2019ll only get a full certificate once you end your marriage.\n\nIf your marriage was registered in Scotland, you can use an interim certificate to apply to the sheriff court for a full certificate. You do not need to end your marriage first.\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel if either you or your spouse change your mind about staying married during the application process.\n\n## If you\u2019re in a civil partnership\n\nYou can stay in your civil partnership if it was registered in England, Wales or Northern Ireland.\n\nYour partner must fill in a statutory declaration saying they agree to stay in a civil partnership with you. Contact the Gender Recognition Panel for help with filling in the declaration.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019 if your partner does not fill in a statutory declaration.\n\n## Civil partnerships registered in Scotland\n\nIf your civil partnership was registered in Scotland, you must end it or convert your civil partnership to marriage.\n\nIf you decide to convert your civil partnership into a marriage you must do it before you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel.\n\nIf you\u2019re still in a civil partnership when you apply to the Gender Recognition Panel, you\u2019ll get an \u2018interim certificate\u2019. You must end the civil partnership before you can get a full certificate.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the right form for your application.\n\n| | Form | Guidance |\n\n| Standard route | Form T450 | Leaflet T451 |\n\n| Alternative route | Form T464 | Leaflet T465 |\n\n| Overseas route | Form T453 | Leaflet T454 |\n\nSend the completed form with your fee and any supporting documents relevant to your application.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a35 to apply. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\n## Get help with your application\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel for advice on the application process.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must send certain documents when you apply, depending on which application route you use and whether you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership.\n\nYou might need to send original documents - you\u2019ll get them back after the Gender Recognition Panel has looked at your application. You will not get any statutory declarations back.\n\nFor all application routes, you must download and fill in the relevant statutory declaration for:\n\n- single people\n\n- married people or civil partners\n\n## If you\u2019ve ever been married or in a civil partnership\n\nFor all application routes you must provide the following (if relevant):\n\n- an original or certified copy of your marriage or civil partnership certificate\n\n- a copy of the decree ending your marriage or proof that any previous civil partnership has been dissolved\n\n- a copy of your spouse\u2019s death certificate\n\nIf you want to stay married, your spouse must fill in a statutory declaration for a spouse.\n\n## Standard or alternative route\n\nFor all application routes you must send:\n\n- an original or certified copy of your birth certificate\n\n- copies of any official documents that show your birth name has changed to your current name\n\n- proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender for the required time\n\n- any required medical reports\n\nYou need to have lived in your acquired gender for 2 years if applying through the standard route.\n\nIf you\u2019re applying through the alternative route you need to have lived in your acquired gender for 6 years before 10 December 2014, or 16 December 2014 if you\u2019re in Scotland.\n\n## Proof you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender\n\nThis proof must cover the required time that you\u2019ve lived in your acquired gender. It could include copies of your:\n\n- passport\n\n- driving licence\n\n- payslips or benefit documents\n\n- utility bills or other documents of an official nature\n\nAll documents should be in your acquired name and gender. The earliest document must be dated before the beginning of the required time.\n\n## Medical reports\n\nFor the standard and alternative application routes you must send a report that includes details of any treatment you\u2019ve had to change your sexual characteristics, for example hormone treatment or surgery.\n\nThe report must be an original copy from a qualified medical professional, for example a:\n\n- doctor registered with the General Medical Council (GMC)\n\n- psychologist registered with the Health and Care Professions Council\n\nYou can ask your GP or surgeon to fill in a report for you if you do not have one already.\n\nIf you have not had any treatment or surgery yet, you must send a report that includes details of any planned treatment or surgery.\n\nIf you are applying by the standard route you must also send a report with details of your gender dysphoria diagnosis.\n\nRead the list of gender dysphoria specialists to find out who can write this report for you. You can send a report from a registered medical professional not on this list if they can prove they work in gender dysphoria.\n\n## Overseas route\n\nIf you\u2019re applying using the overseas route, you must prove that your gender has been legally recognised in an \u2018approved country or territory\u2019. Send original or certified copies of the following (if you have them):\n\n- your new birth certificate and old birth certificate\n\n- an amended birth certificate that shows the change of gender\n\n- a court order authorising your change of gender\n\n- a document that\u2019s equivalent to a Gender Recognition Certificate\n\n- an entry in a legal register that proves your acquired gender has been recognised\n\n## What happens next\n\nYour application will be assessed by the Gender Recognition Panel - you\u2019ll be contacted if they need more proof or information.\n\nContact the administrative team at the Gender Recognition Panel to find out about your application\u2019s progress.\n\n## If you get a full certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent information on:\n\n- how to get a new birth certificate, marriage certificate or civil partnership where appropriate\n\n- who you must tell about your gender change\n\nYour pension and benefits may be affected.\n\n## If you\u2019re given an interim certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent information on:\n\n- how to annul or dissolve your marriage or civil partnership\n\n- how long you have to convert your civil partnership to a marriage, if applicable\n\n## If your application is turned down\n\nYou\u2019ll be told why your application was rejected.\n\nYou may be able to appeal the decision if you think it\u2019s wrong on a point of law.\n\nWhere you appeal depends on whether you live in:\n\n- England and Wales - appeal to the High Court Family Division\n\n- Scotland - appeal to the Court of Session in Edinburgh\n\n- Northern Ireland - appeal to the High Court\n\nYou\u2019ll be told in your decision letter how to appeal or apply again.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Gender Recognition Panel must apply the law in the Gender Recognition Act 2004 and the following amendments:\n\n- Schedule 5, Section 12 of the Marriage (Same Sex Couples) Act 2013\n\n- Part 4 of the Marriage and Civil Partnership (Scotland) Act 2014", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-gender-recognition-certificate", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I married my wife 10 years ago. I now want to legally change my gender and I am applying for a Gender Recognition Certificate.", + "original_question": "Will my marriage's legal status change if both me and my wife agree to remain married despite the change?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2205", + "question": "Scenario: We live in England. My brother has not been seen since an earthquake whilst he was on holiday abroad two years ago. He has an estate in the UK I would like to administer for his children. We think he may have died because of the earthquake\n\nQuestion: Is it possible for me to declare my brother dead even though he's only been missing two years?\n\nDocument - Get a declaration of presumed death:\n## Overview\n\nYou can make a claim for a \u2018declaration of presumed death\u2019 from the High Court if someone you know in England and Wales has been missing for:\n\n- 7 years or more\n\n- less than 7 years and you think they\u2019ve died, for example they went missing during a natural disaster\n\nA missing person is not automatically presumed dead.\n\nYou must make a claim for a declaration of presumed death if you want to do certain things, for example deal with their estate.\n\n## Who can make a claim\n\nYou can make a claim if you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s:\n\n- spouse or civil partner\n\n- parent\n\n- child\n\n- sibling\n\nIf none of these apply, you\u2019ll need to prove to the court that you have enough of a connection to the missing person (\u2018sufficient interest\u2019), for example you\u2019re a distant relative and you have a birth certificate to prove it.\n\n## What else must be true to make a claim\n\nTo make a claim one or more of the following must also apply:\n\n- you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you treat England or Wales as your permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date you make the claim\n\n- you\u2019re the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner and you\u2019ve been living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date you make the claim\n\n- the missing person treated England or Wales as their permanent home (\u2018domicile\u2019) on the date they were last known to be alive\n\n- the missing person was living in England or Wales for the whole year before the date they were last known to be alive\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3528 to get a declaration of presumed death. You may be able to get help paying court fees.\n\n## Make a claim for a declaration of presumed death\n\nYou can make a claim yourself or use a legal representative.\n\n- Make your claim.\n\n- Advertise your claim in a newspaper.\n\n- Attend a hearing.\n\n## Make your claim\n\nDownload and fill in a claim form (N208) with details about:\n\n- yourself - known as the \u2018claimant\u2019\n\n- the missing person - known as the \u2018defendant\u2019\n\n- your claim\n\nInclude relevant information about your claim in the section \u2018details of your claim\u2019.\n\nSend the following to a court that can hear High Court cases.\n\n- form N208 - 1 copy for each person named in the form plus a copy for the court\n\n- any supporting evidence, for example statements from witnesses, police reports\n\n- the claim fee of \u00a3528 - make your cheque payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nThe court will stamp your form with an issue date and keep one copy. You\u2019ll get the other copies back, along with \u2018acknowledgement of service\u2019 forms and a case number.\n\n## Send copies of your claim to other people\n\nSend a copy of form N208 and an acknowledgement of service form within 7 days of the issue date on the form to:\n\n- the missing person\u2019s spouse or civil partner, parents, children and siblings - if none of these are alive send it to the missing person\u2019s nearest relative\n\n- any other person or organisation who might have an interest, for example an insurance company\n\nYou must advertise your application in a newspaper within 7 days.\n\n## Advertise your claim in a newspaper\n\nYou must advertise your application in a newspaper local to the missing person\u2019s last known address.\n\nPlace the advert within 7 days of the issue date stamped on the claim form.\n\n## Use standard text for the advert\n\nUse the following text and make sure you:\n\n- put your case number after the words case number\n\n- replace or delete as appropriate the words in square brackets with the relevant details\n\n## Standard text\n\n\u201cIn the High Court of Justice [Chancery] [Family] Division\n\nCase number.\n\nIn the matter of an application for a declaration of the presumed death of [insert the missing person\u2019s name].\n\nA claim has been issued in the High Court of Justice, for a declaration that [insert missing person\u2019s name] whose last known address was [insert missing person\u2019s address] is presumed to be dead. Any person having an interest may apply to the court to intervene in the matter.\n\nIf you wish to apply to the court, you should do so at [court address] as soon as possible, and if possible within 21 days of the date of this notice. Delay may harm your prospects of being able to intervene.\n\n(If the claimant is legally represented) \n [Name of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n [Address of the claimant\u2019s legal representative] \n (If the claimant is not legally represented) \n [Claimant\u2019s address for service]\u201d\n\n## Send a copy to the court\n\nSend the court a copy of the newspaper page showing the advertisement so it arrives at least 5 days before your court hearing.\n\n## Attend a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll have to attend a hearing about your claim with a High Court judge - this should be within 2 months of making your claim.\n\nBring any relevant documents.\n\nYour claim may be challenged at the hearing if someone gets a copy of the claim form or sees the advert.\n\nAt the hearing you might be:\n\n- asked for more information - the court will tell you how to get a court order if someone\u2019s refusing to give you information you need\n\n- told there has to be another hearing - there may be several hearings before a decision is made\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, you\u2019ll get a declaration of presumed death at the hearing or later by letter.\n\n## Get a certificate of presumed death\n\nApply to the General Register Office for a certificate of presumed death.\n\nYou can only do this after you have a declaration of presumed death that is not appealed and the time for appealing against the decision has passed.\n\nYou can usually apply for the certificate 21 days after you get the declaration, unless there\u2019s an appeal or an application for permission to appeal the decision.\n\nThe certificate can be used like a normal death certificate, for example to deal with a missing person\u2019s estate.\n\nIt costs \u00a311.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nContact the Civil Appeals Office to appeal against the High Court\u2019s decision.\n\n## Make a complaint\n\nUse the complaints guidance if you\u2019re not happy with the way you\u2019ve been treated.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/get-declaration-presumed-death", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "We live in England. My brother has not been seen since an earthquake whilst he was on holiday abroad two years ago. He has an estate in the UK I would like to administer for his children. We think he may have died because of the earthquake", + "original_question": "Is it possible for me to declare my brother dead even though he's only been missing two years?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2207", + "question": "Scenario: My father was a highly successful businessman, with property including a large country house and several holiday homes. Sadly he died 2 months ago. I was named as a beneficiary in his will and now I need to pay the inheritance tax.\n\nQuestion: Is interest payable if I agree to pay it in installments and do I have to pay interest on the first instalment ?\n\nDocument - Pay your Inheritance Tax bill:\n## Overview\n\nYou must pay Inheritance Tax by the end of the sixth month after the person died.\n\nThere are different due dates if you\u2019re making payments on a trust.\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay by the due date.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a payment reference number before you can pay your Inheritance Tax bill.\n\n## Pay from your own bank account\n\nYou can pay from your own bank account or a joint account with the deceased:\n\n- using online or telephone banking\n\n- using CHAPS or Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\nYou currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by cheque because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nYou can claim the money back from the deceased\u2019s estate or the beneficiaries once you get a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.\n\n## Pay from accounts owned by the deceased\n\nYou can pay using the deceased\u2019s:\n\n- bank accounts - including National Savings and Investments (NS&I) accounts\n\n- government stock\n\n## If you do not know how much to pay\n\nYou can make payments before you know the exact amount of Inheritance Tax owed by the deceased person\u2019s estate. These are known as \u2018payments on account\u2019.\n\n## Check your payment has been received\n\nHMRC do not send receipts for each payment you make. They\u2019ll write to tell you when you\u2019ve paid all the Inheritance Tax and interest you owe.\n\nIf you\u2019ve paid through your own bank or building society, check your statement to confirm the payment has left your account.\n\n## If you\u2019ve paid by cheque since 6 April 2020\n\nAsk your bank if your cheque to HMRC has been cashed. If it has not been cashed, you should cancel the cheque and pay HMRC a different way.\n\n## Get a payment reference number\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get an Inheritance Tax reference number from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) at least 3 weeks before you make a payment.\n\nYou can apply for one:\n\n- online (unless you need it for a trust)\n\n- by post - using form IHT422, Application for an Inheritance Tax reference (the address you need is on the form)\n\nDo not use the 15-digit number from the online Inheritance Tax service to report an estate\u2019s value.\n\n## Bank details for online or telephone banking, CHAPS, Bacs\n\nYou can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.\n\nYou can pay by Faster Payments (online or telephone banking), CHAPS or Bacs to HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) account.\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 08 32 10 | 12001136 | HMRC Inheritance Tax |\n\nYou\u2019ll need to use your Inheritance Tax payment reference number as the payment reference.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nPayments made by Faster Payments will usually reach HMRC on the same or next day, including weekends and bank holidays.\n\nCHAPS payments usually reach HMRC the same working day if you pay within your bank\u2019s processing times.\n\nBacs payments usually take 3 working days.\n\nCheck your bank\u2019s transaction limits and processing times before making a payment.\n\n## Overseas payments\n\nUse these details to pay from an overseas account.\n\n| Account number (IBAN) | Bank identifier code (BIC) | Account name |\n\n| GB66BARC20114763495590 | BARCGB22 | HMRC Inheritance Tax |\n\nHMRC\u2019s banking address is:\n\n## At your bank or building society\n\nYou can pay Inheritance Tax from your own bank account or a joint bank account if you held one in joint names with the deceased. You can claim it back from the deceased\u2019s estate.\n\nYou can pay at a branch by cash or cheque.\n\nPlease complete one of your bank\u2019s paying in slips with the following HMRC bank account details:\n\nSort code 25 61 21\nAccount number 63495590\nAccount name HM Revenue & Customs Inheritance Tax\n\nSome branches might be closed at the moment because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\nMake your cheque payable to \u2018HM Revenue and Customs only\u2019.\n\nWrite the name of the deceased and your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the back of the cheque. You\u2019ll find the reference number on the letter HMRC sent you.\n\nHMRC will accept your payment on the date you make it and not the date it reaches HMRC\u2019s account, if you pay between Monday and Friday.\n\n## By cheque through the post\n\nYou currently cannot pay Inheritance Tax by post because of coronavirus (COVID-19). You can still pay:\n\n- using online or telephone banking\n\n- using CHAPS or Bacs\n\n- at your bank or building society\n\n## From the deceased's bank account\n\nYou can ask banks, building societies or National Savings & Investments (NS&I) to pay some or all of the Inheritance Tax due from the deceased person\u2019s accounts to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). This is called the \u2018Direct Payment Scheme\u2019.\n\n- Ask the bank, building society or NS&I to make you a \u2018personal representative\u2019 - each one will do this in a different way. You can do this before you apply for a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is known as confirmation in Scotland.\n\n- Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number.\n\n- Fill in form IHT423 and send it to the bank, building society or NS&I. Send a separate form for each account you want to pay HMRC from.\n\n- Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT 400, Probate Summary form IHT421, (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) and any supplementary pages or supporting documents to HMRC.\n\nWhen the bank, building society or NS&I has made the payment, HMRC will stamp and return Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland) so you know the Inheritance Tax has been paid.\n\n## Using British government stock\n\nWrite to Computershare Investor Services, who run the British government stock scheme.\n\nTell them you want to pay Inheritance Tax and how much of the stock you want to use. Enclose a copy of the death certificate and the stock reference number (if you have it).\n\nAt the same time, send HMRC:\n\n- a letter saying how much tax you want to be paid out of the stock\n\n- Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 - you\u2019ll need to put your Inheritance Tax payment reference number on the form\n\n- Probate Summary form IHT421 (Confirmation form C1 in Scotland)\n\nHMRC will contact Computershare and ask for the money to be transferred. This could take up to 4 weeks.\n\nDo not pay this way if you need to get probate (known as \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland) quickly. (Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.)\n\n## After the money has been transferred\n\n## In England, Wales or Northern Ireland\n\nHMRC will send your IHT421 form to the Probate Registry so they can send a grant of representation to you (if you\u2019re handling probate yourself) or to your solicitor.\n\n## In Scotland\n\nHMRC will return your C1 Confirmation form to you so you can apply for confirmation.\n\nIf the amount transferred is not enough to cover the Inheritance Tax you owe, HMRC will write to tell you how much to pay and how to pay it.\n\n## By transferring national heritage property\n\nIn very exceptional cases you may be able to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown.\n\nNational heritage property may include:\n\n- buildings or land of historic, architectural, scenic or scientific interest\n\n- artworks, books and manuscripts or scientific collections of historic, scenic or scientific interest\n\nOffers to make Inheritance Tax payments by transferring national heritage property to the Crown are dealt with on an individual basis.\n\nContact the HMRC Heritage team for information on making an offer.\n\n## If your offer is accepted\n\nEven if your offer\u2019s accepted, you must first pay all of the Inheritance Tax you owe through other means and have a \u2018grant of representation\u2019 (also known as \u2018probate\u2019). This is called \u2018confirmation\u2019 in Scotland.\n\nOnce your property has been transferred HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will repay the Inheritance Tax you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## In yearly instalments\n\nYou can pay your Inheritance Tax on things that may take time to sell in equal annual instalments over 10 years.\n\nYou must say on Inheritance Tax Account form IHT400 if you want to pay in instalments.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay interest on your instalments. Use the calculator to work out the interest you\u2019ll need to pay.\n\nYou must pay the tax in full when you\u2019ve sold the deceased\u2019s assets, such as their house or shares.\n\n## When you must pay\n\nThe first instalment is due at the end of the sixth month after the death (for example if they died on 12 January, you\u2019d have to pay by 31 July). This is known as the \u2018due date\u2019. Payments are then due every year on that date.\n\n## Paying early\n\nYou can pay off the full tax and interest at any time. Write to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) Trusts and Estates asking for a final assessment (you do not have to include payment).\n\n## What you pay interest on\n\nYou will not pay any interest on the first instalment unless you pay late. On each later instalment you must pay interest on both of the following:\n\n- the full outstanding tax balance\n\n- the instalment itself, from the date it\u2019s due to the date of payment (if it\u2019s paid late)\n\n## What you can pay in instalments\n\n## Houses\n\nYou can pay 10% and the interest each year if you decide to keep the house to live in.\n\n## Shares and securities\n\nYou can pay in instalments if the shares or securities allowed the deceased to control more than 50% of a company.\n\n## Unlisted shares and securities\n\nYou can pay in instalments for \u2018unlisted\u2019 shares or securities (ones not traded on a recognised stock exchange) if they\u2019re worth more than \u00a320,000 and either of these apply:\n\n- they represent 10% of the total value of the shares in the company, at the price they were first sold at (known as the \u2018nominal\u2019 value or \u2018face value\u2019)\n\n- they represent 10% of the total value of ordinary shares held in the company, at the price they were first sold at\n\nYou can find the face value of a share and whether it\u2019s an ordinary share on the share certificate.\n\nYou can also pay in instalments if either of these apply:\n\n- at least 20% of the total Inheritance Tax the estate owes is on assets that qualify for payment by instalments\n\n- paying Inheritance Tax on them in one lump sum will cause financial difficulties\n\n## Business run for profit\n\nYou can pay in instalments on the net value of a business, but not its assets.\n\n## Agricultural land and property\n\nThis is rare because most agricultural land and property is exempt from Inheritance Tax.\n\n## Gifts\n\nYou can pay in instalments if there is still Inheritance Tax to pay and you were given:\n\n- buildings\n\n- shares or securities\n\n- part or all of a business\n\nIf the gift was an unlisted share or security, it must still have been unlisted at the time of the death.\n\n## Trusts\n\n- Get your Inheritance Tax payment reference number at least 3 weeks before you want to make a payment by filling in Form IHT122.\n\n- Send Inheritance Tax Account form IHT100 to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\n- Pay the Inheritance Tax, either through a bank or building society or by cheque through the post.\n\n## Payment deadlines\n\n## Transfers\n\nYou must pay Inheritance Tax on transfers into a trust or out of a trust (known as \u2018exit charges\u2019) no later than 6 months after the end of the month the transfer was made.\n\n## 10-year anniversary charge\n\nThe 10-year anniversary charge can be paid up to 6 months after the 10th anniversary of the date the trust was set up.\n\n## Pay early to avoid paying interest\n\nYou can make early Inheritance Tax payments before you know the exact amount the estate owes (this is known as a \u2018payment on account\u2019).\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will charge you interest if you do not pay all the tax the estate owes by the due date. If you will not know how much Inheritance Tax the estate owes by the time the payment is due, a payment on account can help you avoid some of the interest.\n\n## If you overpay\n\nIf you pay more money than the final bill says the estate owes, HMRC will refund the excess after you\u2019ve been given probate (confirmation in Scotland). Probate is the right to deal with the deceased person\u2019s property, money and possessions.\n\nHMRC will also pay interest on the amount you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\nTo receive the refund, you\u2019ll need to write to HMRC.\n\nPut \u2018Repayment - further details\u2019 at the top of the letter.\n\nInclude the name, number and sort code of the bank account you want the refund to go to.\n\nThe letter must be signed by the same people who signed forms IHT400 and IHT100 if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying without the help of a solicitor or agent\n\n- the refund is being paid into a different bank account to the one nominated in IHT400 or IHT100\n\nIf you\u2019re an agent acting on behalf of the estate and you\u2019re not asking for the refund to be paid into a different bank account, only put your signature on the letter.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paying-inheritance-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My father was a highly successful businessman, with property including a large country house and several holiday homes. Sadly he died 2 months ago. I was named as a beneficiary in his will and now I need to pay the inheritance tax.", + "original_question": "Is interest payable if I agree to pay it in installments and do I have to pay interest on the first instalment ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2208", + "question": "Scenario: I own and manage a very small biotechnology startup company, which currently has only four employees. Owing to our small size I run our monthly payroll myself, and file the necessary reports with HMRC. I pay approximately \u00a31300 per month\n\nQuestion: As we are so small, is it possible to make reports and payments at wider intervals than monthly?\n\nDocument - PAYE and payroll for employers:\n## Introduction to PAYE\n\nAs an employer, you normally have to operate PAYE as part of your payroll. PAYE is HM Revenue and Customs\u2019 (HMRC) system to collect Income Tax and National Insurance from employment.\n\nYou do not need to register for PAYE if none of your employees are paid \u00a3120 or more a week, get expenses and benefits, have another job or get a pension. However, you must keep payroll records.\n\n## Payments and deductions\n\nWhen paying your employees through payroll you also need to make deductions for PAYE.\n\n## Payments to your employees\n\nPayments to your employees include their salary or wages, as well as things like any tips or bonuses, or statutory sick or maternity pay.\n\n## Deductions from their pay\n\nFrom these payments, you\u2019ll need to deduct tax and National Insurance for most employees. Other deductions you may need to make include student loan repayments or pension contributions.\n\n## Reporting to and paying HMRC\n\n## Reporting pay and deductions\n\nIf you run payroll yourself, you\u2019ll need to report your employees\u2019 payments and deductions to HMRC on or before each payday.\n\nYour payroll software will work out how much tax and National Insurance you owe, including an employer\u2019s National Insurance contribution on each employee\u2019s earnings above \u00a3170 a week.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to send another report to claim any reduction on what you owe HMRC, for example for statutory pay.\n\n## Paying HMRC\n\nYou\u2019ll be able to view what you owe HMRC, based on your reports. You then have to pay HMRC, usually every month.\n\nIf you\u2019re a small employer that expects to pay less than \u00a31,500 a month, you can arrange to pay quarterly - contact HMRC\u2019s payment enquiry helpline.\n\n## Other things to report\n\nAs part of your regular reports, you should tell HMRC when a new employee joins and if an employee\u2019s circumstances change, for example they reach State Pension age or become a director.\n\nYou have to run annual reports at the end of the tax year - including telling HMRC about any expenses or benefits.\n\n## Choose how to run payroll\n\nIf you have to operate PAYE, you can choose how to run your payroll.\n\n## Choose how to run payroll\n\nYou can operate PAYE by either:\n\n- paying a payroll provider to do it for you\n\n- doing it yourself using payroll software\n\n## Paying a payroll provider\n\nIf you decide to pay a payroll provider (for example, a bureau or accountant) to run your payroll, you\u2019ll need to consider how much support you\u2019ll need.\n\nYou\u2019re responsible for collecting and keeping records of your employee\u2019s details. Your payroll provider will need these to run payroll for you.\n\nSome payroll providers can offer you more support if you need it, for example keeping employee records, providing payslips and making payments to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nAs an employer, you\u2019re legally responsible for completing all PAYE tasks - even if you pay someone else to do them.\n\n## Running payroll yourself\n\nYou need to complete certain tasks to set up payroll and pay your employees for the first time. This includes registering as an employer with HMRC and telling them about your employees.\n\n## Exemptions to online reporting\n\nYou may be exempt from reporting payroll online if:\n\n- you\u2019re prevented from using a computer on religious grounds\n\n- you\u2019re getting care or support services for yourself or a member of your family\n\n- you\u2019re unable to send reports electronically because you\u2019re disabled, elderly or cannot access the internet\n\nHMRC has guidance if you believe you\u2019re exempt and would prefer to report on paper.\n\n## Setting up payroll\n\nIf you decide to run payroll yourself, you need to complete certain tasks to pay your employees for the first time. You can choose when and how often to pay your employees.\n\n- Register as an employer with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) and get a login for PAYE Online.\n\n- Choose payroll software to record employee\u2019s details, calculate pay and deductions, and report to HMRC.\n\n- Collect and keep records.\n\n- Tell HMRC about your employees.\n\n- Record pay, make deductions and report to HMRC on or before the first payday.\n\n- Pay HMRC the tax and National Insurance you owe.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to complete certain annual reports and tasks to prepare for the next tax year, which starts on 6 April.\n\n## Keeping records\n\nYou must collect and keep records of:\n\n- what you pay your employees and the deductions you make\n\n- reports you make to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)\n\n- payments you make to HMRC\n\n- employee leave and sickness absences\n\n- tax code notices\n\n- taxable expenses or benefits\n\n- Payroll Giving Scheme documents, including the agency contract and employee authorisation forms\n\nYour records must show you\u2019ve reported accurately, and you need to keep them for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to. HMRC may check your records to make sure you\u2019re paying the right amount of tax.\n\nThere are different rules for keeping records to prove you have paid the correct minimum wage.\n\nIf you do not keep full records, HMRC may estimate what you have to pay and charge you a penalty of up to \u00a33,000.\n\n## If your records are lost, stolen or destroyed\n\nTell HMRC as soon as possible if you do not have records and cannot replace them. You must also do your best to recreate them - HMRC may be able to help if you\u2019re not sure how much you paid your employees.\n\nYou must tell HMRC if your final payroll report of the tax year includes figures that are:\n\n- estimated - that you want HMRC to accept as final\n\n- provisional - that you\u2019ll update later with actual figures\n\n## Data protection\n\nYou must follow rules on data protection if your business stores or uses personal information.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/paye-for-employers", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own and manage a very small biotechnology startup company, which currently has only four employees. Owing to our small size I run our monthly payroll myself, and file the necessary reports with HMRC. I pay approximately \u00a31300 per month", + "original_question": "As we are so small, is it possible to make reports and payments at wider intervals than monthly?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2211", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Ramon is in the UK under a Turkish businessperson visa.He operates a viable barbershop business. He has not broken any immigration laws, he has enough money to support himself and his family.He wants more time in the UK to continue running his business. By the way, Ramon has enough funds to support and run his business\n\nQuestion: Can he apply to extend his visa ?\n\nDocument - Turkish Businessperson visa:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to extend your Turkish Businessperson visa if you already have permission to stay in the UK as a Turkish Businessperson.\n\nYou can:\n\n- continue running your business in the UK, and start another one\n\n- continue to help run an established business in the UK\n\nYou must meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nNew applications for the Turkish Businessperson visa have closed. Only children under 21 (\u2018child dependants\u2019) can apply to join you in the UK on this visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can only extend your visa if you\u2019re already in the UK.\nYou\u2019ll need to meet the eligibility requirements to extend your visa.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa for up to 3 years.\n\n## If you want to stay longer in the UK\n\nYou can apply to extend your visa as many times as you like as long as you still meet the eligibility requirements.\n\nAfter 5 years, you may be able to apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). This gives you the right to live, work and study here for as long as you like, and apply for benefits if you\u2019re eligible.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply to extend your visa online.\n\nYour partner and children (\u2018dependants\u2019) can apply separately to extend their dependant visas, if they already have them.\n\nIf your children or your partner\u2019s children want to join you from outside the UK, they\u2019ll need to apply as your dependants.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAs part of your application, you\u2019ll need to prove your identity and provide your documents.\nYou may need to allow extra time if you need an appointment to do this. You\u2019ll find out if you need one when you start your application.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nOnce you\u2019ve applied, you\u2019ll usually get a decision on your visa extension within 6 months.\n\n## How much it costs\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.\n\n## What you can and cannot do\n\nWith a Turkish Businessperson visa extension you can:\n\n- keep running your business in the UK, and start another one\n\n- keep being a partner in an existing business which you\u2019ll have an active part in running\n\n- apply to extend your stay if you meet the eligibility requirements\n\n- study\n\n- do voluntary work\n\n- apply to settle permanently in the UK (also known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years and meet the other eligibility requirements\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- apply for most benefits (public funds), or the State Pension\n\n- change jobs or employer\n\nIf your application is successful, you\u2019ll get a full list of what you can and cannot do with a Turkish Businessperson visa.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible to apply for an extension of your Turkish Businessperson visa you need to:\n\n- have a valid Turkish Businessperson visa\n\n- show you have not broken any immigration laws\n\n- keep running a viable business\n\n- keep being able to pay your share of the costs of running the business\n\n- show that your share of the profits continue to be enough to support you and your family without your needing to have another job\n\nIf you are part of an existing partnership or company you\u2019ll need to show that you still have an active part in running the business.\n\n## Documents you\u2019ll need to apply\n\nWhen you apply to extend your visa you\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- proof that you can support and house yourself and your dependants during your stay, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months\n\n- proof of your living costs, such as a tenancy agreement, mortgage agreement, utility bills, council tax statement, bank statements, documents relating to transfer of money to relatives abroad\n\n- proof of state benefits you\u2019ve received in the UK\n\n- a biometric residence permit showing your Turkish Businessperson visa\n\n- your police registration certificate\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa.\n\nYou may be asked to get a police certificate for yourself and your family in the UK if you or they don\u2019t already have one.\n\n## Proof for your business\n\nYou should provide proof that you\u2019re currently running your business\n\n## If you\u2019re continuing to run a business or partnership\n\nYou may need to provide proof such as:\n\n- insurance documents\n\n- business accounts prepared by a chartered accountant or approved by an auditor\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) documents (including evidence of payment)\n\n- qualifications for running the business, such as relevant formal qualifications or evidence of previous relevant experience\n\n- evidence of your finances and your investment in the business, such as UK or overseas bank statements, overseas money transfers, and bank loans\n\n- evidence of any financial assistance from a third party (for example family member), such as bank statements or other financial documents as evidence of their finances, and a legal or other document confirming their involvement in and share of the business\n\n- a document setting out the terms of your involvement in the business\n\n## If you\u2019re establishing another business or partnership\n\nYou may need to provide proof such as:\n\n- a business plan\n\n- evidence you are investing money of your own into the new business\n\n- documents for your business premises\n\n- partnership agreements\n\n## Extend your visa\n\nYou can usually apply to extend a Turkish Businessperson visa if you\u2019re in the UK and all of the following are true:\n\n- your business is still going\n\n- you\u2019re still able to pay your share of the costs of running the business (its liabilities)\n\n- your share of the profits will be enough to support you and your dependants without you needing to have another job\n\nYour partner or children will need to apply separately, including children who have turned 21 during your stay.\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to apply to extend your visa.\n\n## Proving your identity and providing supporting documents\n\nAs part of your application you\u2019ll need to prove your identity. How you do this depends on where you\u2019re from and the type of passport you have.\n\nYou\u2019ll either:\n\n- give your fingerprints and a photograph (biometric information) at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan your identity document - you\u2019ll also create or sign in to your UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nYou\u2019ll be told what you need to do when you apply.\n\n## Apply to extend your Turkish Businessperson visa\n\nYou must apply online before your current visa expires.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve started your application, you can save your form and complete it later.\n\nApply now\n\n## Continue your application\n\nSign in to your account using the link from your sign-up email.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months of your application date.\n\nYou\u2019ll be contacted if your application will take longer, for example because:\n\n- your supporting documents need to be verified\n\n- you need to attend an interview\n\n- of your personal circumstances, for example if you have a criminal conviction\n\nYou may be able to pay to get a faster decision - you\u2019ll be told if you can when you apply.\n\n## After you apply\n\nIf you need to change something in your application after you\u2019ve sent it contact UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI).\n\nYou can ask to cancel your application. You\u2019ll only get your fee refunded if UKVI has not started processing your application.\n\nYou\u2019ll get an email or a letter containing the decision on your application. This will explain what you need to do next.\n\n## Your partner and children\n\nYour partner and children can apply to extend their permission to stay in the UK as your \u2018dependants\u2019 if they\u2019re eligible. To do this, they must have a valid dependant visa.\n\nYour children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Worker visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.\n\nIf their application is successful, their visa will end on the same date as yours.\n\n## Your relationship\n\nA dependant partner or child is any of the following:\n\n- your husband, wife, civil partner or unmarried partner\n\n- your child under 21 - including if they were born in the UK during your stay\n\n- your child over 21 if they\u2019re currently in the UK as your dependant\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of your relationship when you apply.\n\n## Your partner\n\nYou must be able to prove that either:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n## Your child\n\nYour child must:\n\n- live with you (unless they\u2019re in full-time education at boarding school, college or university)\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or have any children\n\n- be financially supported by you\n\nIf your child lives with you, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence of their address such as:\n\n- a bank statement\n\n- credit card bills\n\n- driving licence\n\n- NHS registration document\n\n- an official letter from their university or college\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nFor each family member in the UK applying to extend you must have:\n\n- a valid passport or other document that shows your identity and nationality\n\n- a biometric residence permit (BRP) showing their current dependant visa\n\n- proof that you have sole responsibility for any dependants aged under 21 if the other parent will not be in the UK, for example written permission or relevant legal documents\n\n- proof that you can support and house yourself and your dependants during your stay, for example bank statements or payslips for the last 6 months\n\nIf your dependant is in the UK and was asked to register with the police when they arrived, you must also provide their police registration certificate.\n\n## Applying inside the UK (extend)\n\nYour partner or children who are already in the UK can apply to extend their visa.\n\nYou can either:\n\n- include your dependants on your visa extension application\n\n- ask your dependant to apply separately\n\n## How to apply\n\nIf the dependant is your partner, they must apply online as a partner.\n\nYou need to apply online for your child.\n\nThey\u2019ll need your application number - you\u2019ll get this when you apply. This number is called a Global Web Form (GWF) or a Unique Application Number (UAN). You\u2019ll find it on emails and letters from the Home Office about your application.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Applying from outside the UK\n\nYour children or those of your partner can apply to come to the UK if you have a Turkish Businessperson visa. They\u2019ll need to apply for a visa as your dependant.\n\nIf you\u2019re already in the UK and want your child to join you, they must apply online for a dependant visa.\n\n## Proving their identity\n\nAs part of their application, your partner and children will need to prove their identity. They\u2019ll either:\n\n- have their fingerprints and photograph taken at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point - this is to get a biometric residence permit\n\n- use the \u2018UK Immigration: ID Check\u2019 app to scan their identity document - they\u2019ll also create or sign in to their UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) account\n\nThey\u2019ll be told what they need to do when they apply.\n\n## How long it takes to get a decision\n\nOnce they\u2019ve applied online, proved their identity and provided their documents, they\u2019ll usually get a decision within 6 months.\n\nThey may be able to pay to get a faster decision - they\u2019ll be told if they can when they apply.\n\n## Children born in the UK\n\nIf you have a child while you\u2019re in the UK, they do not automatically become a British citizen.\n\nYou can apply online for their dependant visa. You must do this if you want to travel in and out of the UK with your child.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a full UK birth certificate for each child, showing the names of both parents.\n\nYou must apply for their dependant visa before they turn 18 if they want to stay in the UK.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-business-person", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Ramon is in the UK under a Turkish businessperson visa.He operates a viable barbershop business. He has not broken any immigration laws, he has enough money to support himself and his family.He wants more time in the UK to continue running his business. By the way, Ramon has enough funds to support and run his business", + "original_question": "Can he apply to extend his visa ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2214", + "question": "Scenario: I am 23 with 2 children and my father recently developed dementia, he was about to add me to the will before being diagnosed but never did. He can't make a will because of the illness he have.\n\nQuestion: Can I add myself to my fathers will?\n\nDocument - Make a statutory will on behalf of someone else:\n## Overview\n\nApply to the Court of Protection if you want to make (or change) a will on behalf of someone who cannot do it themselves.\n\nThis may be because, for example:\n\n- they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness\n\n- they have dementia\n\nYou can apply when the person is not able to understand:\n\n- what making or changing a will means\n\n- how much money they have or what property they own\n\n- how making or changing a will might affect the people they know (either those mentioned in the will or those left out)\n\nSomeone who has lost the mental capacity to manage their finances may still have the ability to make a will. A solicitor will usually be able to tell you if they are.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Download, fill in and return the forms with details of the proposed will and supporting documents.\n\n- Tell other people that you\u2019ve applied.\n\n- Attend a hearing if the Court of Protection decides to hold one.\n\n- Sign the will, have it witnessed and send it to the Court of Protection to have it \u2018sealed\u2019.\n\n## Emergency applications\n\nYou can apply to the Court of Protection for an emergency decision on a statutory will if the person you\u2019re applying for only has a short time to live.\n\n## Get legal advice\n\nYou can get legal advice from:\n\n- a solicitor - you\u2019ll have to pay for this\n\n- organisations which give advice for free, for example Citizens Advice Bureau\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in the following forms to apply to make a will on behalf of someone, or to make changes to their existing will:\n\n- application form (COP1)\n\n- witness statement (COP24)\n\n- information form (COP1C)\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to prove to the Court of Protection that the person is not able to make a will by themselves.\n\nDownload and fill in assessment of capacity form (COP3) - you\u2019ll need to get the person\u2019s doctor or other medical professional to fill in the relevant parts.\n\nSend the completed forms, your supporting documents and payment to the Court of Protection.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include the following information and documents:\n\n- a copy of the person\u2019s current will and any amendments (\u2018codicils\u2019)\n\n- a copy of the proposed new will or codicil\n\n- a copy of any deputyship order\n\n- details of the people who have agreed to deal with the will after the person\u2019s death (\u2018executors\u2019)\n\n- a copy of any registered lasting power of attorney or registered enduring power of attorney\n\n- the person\u2019s family tree\n\n- reasons the person might be expected to provide for people named in the will (\u2018beneficiaries\u2019)\n\n- the person\u2019s address and details about where they\u2019re living, for example care home, hospital\n\nYou must also provide:\n\n- details of the person\u2019s estate and assets\n\n- accounts showing their estimated income and outgoings\n\n- details of any inheritance tax payable in the event of the person\u2019s death\n\n## Acting in the other person\u2019s best interest\n\nDecisions taken on someone\u2019s behalf must always be in their best interest. You must consider:\n\n- what they would do if they were able to make a will themselves\n\n- their beliefs and personal values\n\n- how they\u2019ve acted and made decisions for themselves in the past\n\nRead the Court of Protection practice direction (9E) for more information and an example of a statutory will.\n\n## Fees\n\nAn application for a statutory will costs \u00a3365.\n\nYou may also have to pay:\n\n- \u00a3485 if the court decides to hold a hearing (including telephone hearings)\n\n- solicitor\u2019s fees if a solicitor is appointed by the Official Solicitor to act as the person\u2019s litigation friend\n\n- Counsel\u2019s fees (if there are any)\n\n## How to pay\n\nSend a cheque for \u00a3365 made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 with your completed forms and supporting documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told when you need to pay any additional costs, for example for court hearings.\n\nYou may be able to claim back any fees you pay from the estate of the person you\u2019re applying for.\n\n## Exemptions and refunds\n\nYou may not have to pay an application or hearing fee, depending on the circumstances of the person you\u2019re applying for, for example they:\n\n- have low (or no) income\n\n- are on certain types of benefit\n\nDownload and fill in the application for a fee remission form and send it the Court of Protection with your application forms. The form contains guidance about exemptions.\n\nThe fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving your application.\n\n## After you apply\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a letter to confirm that your application has been received.\n\nYou\u2019ll also get a stamped copy of your application form and a \u2018directions order\u2019 from the court telling you what to do next.\n\n## The Official Solicitor\n\nThe directions order might tell you to write to the Official Solicitor to tell them about your application. The Official Solicitor makes sure that people who cannot make decisions for themselves have someone to represent them in court cases.\n\n## Tell people named in your application\n\nYour directions order will say who you must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) about your application. This could include the person who the application is about and:\n\n- anyone named in an existing will who would be affected financially, for example they are not a beneficiary in the new will\n\n- anyone who would be expected to benefit if the person were to die without a will (\u2018intestate\u2019), for example family members\n\n- any other people named on your application\n\n- the Official Solicitor\n\nYou must serve both of the following documents within 14 days of the application being issued:\n\n- notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- acknowledgment of service form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about the application and register any objection\n\nYou can serve them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\nYou\u2019ll be given time to reach a decision with the people you\u2019ve served. The Court of Protection may hold a hearing if you cannot.\n\n## Getting a decision\n\nThe Court of Protection will tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you have to provide more information, for example further medical reports\n\n- there\u2019ll be a hearing to get more information\n\n## Court hearings\n\nThe Court of Protection will hold a hearing, or hearings, if you have not been able to reach a decision with the people you\u2019ve served.\n\nYou can also get a solicitor to represent you during the hearing.\n\nRead the guidance on what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a hearing fee after the court makes their final decision.\n\n## Appeal a decision\n\nYou can ask for a decision that was made without a hearing to be reconsidered any time within 21 days of the decision being made.\n\nTo appeal a decision made at a court hearing download and fill in the Appellants Notice Form COP 35.\n\nYou must pay \u00a3320. You can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nSend the form to the Court of Protection with a cheque made payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019 within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\n## Finalising the will\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a court order confirming that your application has been accepted with a letter telling you what to do next.\n\n## Sign the will\n\nYou must sign 2 copies of the will. Both copies should be signed in your name and in the name of the person the will has been made for. You must also get 2 witnesses (aged 18 or over) to sign them.\n\nThe witnesses must:\n\n- be with you when you sign the will\n\n- sign the will straight after you\n\nSend the 2 signed copies of the statutory will to the Court of Protection.\n\nThe 2 copies will be given the court\u2019s official seal and sent back to you.\n\n## When the person dies\n\nThe statutory will can be handled (\u2018executed\u2019) in the normal way, as if the person had made the will themselves.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-statutory-will", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 23 with 2 children and my father recently developed dementia, he was about to add me to the will before being diagnosed but never did. He can't make a will because of the illness he have.", + "original_question": "Can I add myself to my fathers will?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2215", + "question": "Scenario: I was born on the 19th January 1934. I am separated and pay maintenance payments to my wife on a voluntary basis (i.e. not ordered to as part of any settlement). I am looking at applying for the maintenance payment relief.\n\nQuestion: Would I be eligible for this relief?\n\nDocument - National Insurance and tax after State Pension age:\n## Overview\n\nYou do not pay National Insurance after you reach State Pension age - unless you\u2019re self-employed and pay Class 4 contributions. You stop paying Class 4 contributions at the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou only pay Income Tax if your taxable income - including your private pension and State Pension - is more than your tax-free allowances (the amount of income you\u2019re allowed before you pay tax).\n\nYou must contact HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you think you should be paying tax.\n\n## Stop paying National Insurance\n\nYou pay National Insurance contributions to qualify for certain benefits including the State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re employed, you pay Class 1 National Insurance contributions as a percentage of your earnings up to State Pension age.\n\nIf you\u2019re self-employed, you pay Class 2 contributions at a flat weekly rate and Class 4 contributions annually as a percentage of your taxable profits.\n\n## What happens at State Pension age\n\nYou stop paying Class 1 and Class 2 contributions when you reach State Pension age - even if you\u2019re still working.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue paying Class 4 contributions until the end of the tax year in which you reach State Pension age.\n\nFor example, you reach State Pension age on 6 September 2021. You\u2019ll stop making Class 4 contributions on 5 April 2022 and pay your final Class 4 bill by 31 January 2023, together with your Income Tax.\n\nIf you\u2019re self employed, you still need to send a Self Assessment tax return for each year you work - even after you reach State Pension age.\n\nYou can claim back National Insurance if you\u2019ve overpaid.\n\n## If you continue working\n\nShow your employer proof of your age (a birth certificate or passport, for example) to make sure you stop paying National Insurance.\n\nIf you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) can send you a letter to show them instead.\n\nThe letter will confirm:\n\n- you\u2019ve reached State Pension age\n\n- you do not need to pay National Insurance\n\nYou\u2019ll need to write to HMRC explaining why you do not want your employer to see your birth certificate or passport.\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to send your birth certificate or passport for verification if HMRC does not have a record of your date of birth. Certified copies are accepted.\n\nYou can also show a certificate of age exception (CA4140) if you have one.\n\n## Age-related tax allowances\n\n## Married Couple\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou can claim the Married Couple\u2019s Allowance if you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership and at least one partner was born before 6 April 1935. It gets taken off your tax bill - the amount that\u2019s deducted depends on your income.\n\n## Maintenance Payments Relief\n\nYou can get an allowance to reduce your tax bill for maintenance payments you make to an ex-spouse or civil partner if:\n\n- you or they were born before 6 April 1935\n\n- you\u2019re separated or divorced and you\u2019re making payments under a court order\n\n- the payments are for the maintenance of your ex-partner (as long as they have not re-married or formed a new civil partnership) or your children are under 21\n\n## How much you can get\n\nFor the 2021 to 2022 tax year Maintenance Payments Relief can reduce your tax bill by the lower of the following:\n\n- \u00a3353 - where you make maintenance payments of \u00a33,530 or more a year\n\n- 10% of the money you\u2019ve actually paid - where you make payments of less than \u00a33,530 a year\n\nYou cannot claim a tax reduction for any voluntary payments you make.\n\n## Claim back tax or National Insurance\n\n## National Insurance refunds\n\nYou can claim back any overpaid National Insurance.\n\n## Tax refunds\n\nYou can claim a tax refund if you\u2019ve:\n\n- had too much deducted from your pension\n\n- overpaid through your job\n\nIf you complete a tax return, you can also correct mistakes and claim a refund via Self Assessment.\n\n## Claiming back tax on savings interest\n\nIf you\u2019re on a low income, you may be able to get tax-free interest or get some tax back from interest on your savings.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tax-national-insurance-after-state-pension-age", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I was born on the 19th January 1934. I am separated and pay maintenance payments to my wife on a voluntary basis (i.e. not ordered to as part of any settlement). I am looking at applying for the maintenance payment relief.", + "original_question": "Would I be eligible for this relief?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2218", + "question": "Scenario: I am 42 and live and work in England. Three years ago I was sentenced to be bound over the keep the peace with no specific \"end date\", after getting into a fight with a neighbour over a parking dispute. I am now looking for a new job.\n\nQuestion: Is my conviction regarded as \"spent\" yet?\n\nDocument - Telling an employer, university or college about your criminal record:\n## When you need to tell an employer, university or college\n\nWhen you apply for a role or placement, you might need to tell your potential employer, university or college about a:\n\n- conviction you got at court\n\n- caution you got from the police\n\nYou only need tell the employer, university or college about a conviction or caution:\n\n- if they ask you to, for example in an interview or on an application form\n\n- for a specific amount of time after you got it, or always for certain roles\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What information you need to give\n\nThe information you need to give a potential employer, university or college about a conviction or caution depends on:\n\n- if the conviction or caution is on your basic criminal record\n\n- the role you\u2019re applying for\n\n## What\u2019s on your basic criminal record and what\u2019s not\n\nAfter you get a conviction or caution, it\u2019s usually \u2018unspent\u2019 for a specific amount of time. The amount of time depends on the type of punishment or sentence you got.\n\nAn unspent conviction or caution means:\n\n- it\u2019s on your basic criminal record\n\n- it will show up on any DBS check (criminal record check)\n\nMost convictions or cautions then become \u2018spent\u2019 after a specific amount of time. This might be after a few months or years, or straight away.\n\nA spent conviction or caution means:\n\n- it\u2019s not on your basic criminal record anymore\n\n- it will only show up on a more detailed DBS check known as \u2018standard\u2019 or \u2018enhanced\u2019, unless it\u2019s removed (\u2018filtered\u2019) from the DBS certificate\n\nYou can check when a conviction or caution you got will become spent.\n\nYou can also read about different convictions or cautions, for example a court fine or a prison sentence.\n\n## If you have an unspent conviction or caution\n\nYou only need to tell a potential employer, university or college about an unspent conviction or caution if they ask you to.\n\nIf they ask you and you do not tell them about it, they might find out by using a DBS check. They could then reject your application or withdraw a job offer, or you might be charged with a crime.\n\n## If you have a spent conviction or caution\n\nYou only need to tell a potential employer, university or college about a spent conviction or caution if all of the following apply:\n\n- they ask you to\n\n- they tell you that the role needs a standard or enhanced DBS check\n\n- it\u2019s not removed (\u2018filtered\u2019) from DBS certificates\n\nYou can check if the employer, university or college is allowed to request the standard or enhanced DBS check. They can only do this for certain roles, for example if you\u2019re working with children or in healthcare.\n\nIt\u2019s against the law for an employer, university or college to refuse you a role because you\u2019ve got a spent conviction or caution, unless it makes you unsuitable for the role. For example, a driving conviction might make you unsuitable for a job as a driving instructor.\n\n## Check if you need to tell someone about your conviction or caution\n\nUse this tool to check whether:\n\n- a conviction or caution you got in England or Wales is \u2018spent\u2019 (not on your basic criminal record)\n\n- you need to tell a potential employer, university or college about it\n\nYou can also read more about what a spent conviction or caution is.\n\n## Check your conviction or caution\n\nCheck now\n\n## Before you check\n\nFor each conviction or caution you\u2019ve had, you\u2019ll need:\n\n- the type of conviction or caution you got\n\n- the date you got it\n\n- the date any conditions ended, or how long your sentence was\n\nIf you give approximate dates, the result you get will be approximate.\n\nYou will not need to give personal details such as your name. The information you give will not be saved and cannot identify you.\n\n## Cautions\n\nA caution is an official warning from the police.\n\nIt could be a:\n\n- simple caution if you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- youth caution if you\u2019re under 18\n\n- conditional caution\n\nWhether a caution is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When simple and youth cautions become spent\n\nThey become spent straight away.\n\n## When a conditional caution becomes spent\n\nIt becomes spent either:\n\n- on the date the conditions end\n\n- 3 months after you got it, if the conditions have no end date\n\n## Fines and compensation\n\nA court might order you to pay:\n\n- a fine\n\n- compensation to someone (\u2018compensation order\u2019)\n\nWhether a fine or compensation order is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When a fine becomes spent\n\nA fine becomes spent:\n\n- one year after you got it, if you were 18 or over\n\n- 6 months after you got it, if you were under 18\n\nThere are different rules if a court gives you a fine for a driving offence.\n\n## When a compensation order becomes spent\n\nA compensation order becomes spent after you\u2019ve paid someone in full and sent proof of payment to DBS.\n\n## Driving convictions\n\nA court might give you a conviction for a driving offence, for example speeding or drink driving.\n\nThe conviction could be:\n\n- a fine\n\n- a driving ban (\u2018disqualification\u2019)\n\n- community service or a prison sentence\n\nFixed penalty notices (FPN) and penalty charge notices (PCN) are fines for minor driving offences. They will not appear on your criminal record unless a court gives you a conviction because of one.\n\nWhether a driving conviction is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## \u2018Endorsements\u2019 (penalty points)\n\nA court will give a driving ban or fine with penalty points that appear on your driving record. This is known as an \u2018endorsement\u2019.\n\nAn endorsement can stay on your driving record for longer than your criminal record.\n\nThis means a potential employer, university or college might find out about a driving ban or fine after it\u2019s spent, if they request to check your driving record.\n\n## When a fine with an endorsement becomes spent\n\nThe fine becomes spent either:\n\n- 5 years after you got it, if you were 18 or over\n\n- 2 years and 6 months after you got it, if you were under 18\n\n## When a driving ban with an endorsement becomes spent\n\nWhen a driving ban becomes spent depends on how:\n\n- long the ban lasts\n\n- old you were when you got it\n\n## If you were 18 or over\n\nIf the ban lasts less than 5 years, it becomes spent 5 years after you got it.\n\nIf the ban lasts more than 5 years, it becomes spent on the date it ends.\n\n## If you were under 18\n\nIf the ban lasts less than 2 years and 6 months, it becomes spent 2 years and 6 months after you got it.\n\nIf the ban lasts more than 2 years and 6 months, it becomes spent on the date it ends.\n\n## Prison sentences\n\nA court might:\n\n- give you a prison sentence if you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- give you a detention order (\u2018detention and training order\u2019) if you\u2019re under 18\n\n- order you to stay in hospital instead of prison (\u2018hospital order\u2019) if there are concerns about your mental health\n\nA court can decide to delay a prison sentence for up to 2 years as long as you meet certain conditions. This is known as \u2018suspended\u2019.\n\nWhether a sentence is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When a prison sentence becomes spent\n\nThe length of the prison sentence affects when it becomes spent.\n\n| Length of your sentence | When it becomes spent |\n\n| Less than 6 months | 2 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| 6 months to 2 years and 6 months | 4 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| 2 years and 6 months to 4 years | 7 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| Longer than 4 years | It never becomes spent |\n\n## If your prison sentence was \u2018suspended\u2019 or you were released early\n\nThe full length of the prison sentence affects when it becomes spent - not the amount of the time it was suspended for or how long you were in prison.\n\n## When a detention order becomes spent\n\nThe length of the sentence affects when it becomes spent.\n\n| Length of your sentence | When it becomes spent |\n\n| Less than 6 months | 1 year and 6 months after the sentence ends |\n\n| 6 months to 2 years and 6 months | 2 years after the sentence ends |\n\n| 2 years and 6 months to 4 years | 3 years and 6 months after the sentence ends |\n\n| Longer than 4 years | It never becomes spent |\n\n## When a hospital order becomes spent\n\nA hospital order becomes spent either:\n\n- on the date it ends\n\n- 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date.\n\n## Community service\n\nA court might give you:\n\n- community service (\u2018community order\u2019) if you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- a youth order (\u2018youth rehabilitation order\u2019) or a referral order if you\u2019re under 18\n\nFor example unpaid work, a curfew or alcohol treatment.\n\nWhether a community, youth or referral order is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When community service becomes spent\n\nCommunity service becomes spent either:\n\n- one year after its end date\n\n- 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date\n\n## When a youth order becomes spent\n\nA youth order becomes spent either:\n\n- 6 months after its end date\n\n- 2 years after you got it, if there\u2019s no end date\n\n## When a referral order becomes spent\n\nA referral order becomes spent on its end date.\n\n## Discharges\n\nA discharge is a type of conviction where a court finds you guilty but does not give you a sentence because the offence is very minor.\n\nThe conviction could be:\n\n- an absolute discharge\n\n- a conditional discharge, where you could still get a sentence if you break the conditions\n\n- a \u2018bind over\u2019, where you could get a fine if you break the conditions\n\nWhether a discharge or bind over is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When an absolute discharge becomes spent\n\nIt becomes spent straight away.\n\n## When conditional discharges and bind overs become spent\n\nThey become spent either:\n\n- on the date they end\n\n- 2 years after you got one, if there\u2019s no end date\n\n## Military convictions\n\nA court might give you a military conviction if they find you guilty of a crime while you served in the British armed forces.\n\nThe conviction might be:\n\n- a dismissal\n\n- a service detention\n\n- an overseas community order\n\n- a service community order\n\nWhether a military conviction is \u2018spent\u2019 affects what information you need to give a potential employer, university or college.\n\n## When military convictions become spent\n\nHow long it takes for a conviction to become spent depends on how old you were when you were convicted. If you were:\n\n- 18 or over it takes 12 months\n\n- under 18 it takes 6 months\n\nThe length of time is calculated from:\n\n- the date of your conviction for dismissals\n\n- the day on which the sentence is complete for service detentions\n\n- the end date for overseas and community service orders - if the order has no end date, it becomes spent after 2 years\n\nIf you were given both a dismissal and a service detention then the longer of the two spent dates applies.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tell-employer-or-college-about-criminal-record", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 42 and live and work in England. Three years ago I was sentenced to be bound over the keep the peace with no specific \"end date\", after getting into a fight with a neighbour over a parking dispute. I am now looking for a new job.", + "original_question": "Is my conviction regarded as \"spent\" yet?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2220", + "question": "Scenario: I own a four-bedroomed family home on the outskirts of Nuneaton, England, which I am now about to sell. This has been the main residence of myself and my partner and children for the past 18 years, and has a total footprint of just under 400 square meters if the garden is included. No part of the house has ever been let out, or used solely for business purposes.\n\nQuestion: Will I need to pay Capital Gains Tax on the sale of this house?\n\nDocument - Buying or selling your home:\n## Overview\n\nBuying or selling a home normally takes 2 to 3 months. The process can take longer if you\u2019re part of a chain of buyers and sellers.\n\nThere are several steps you\u2019ll need to follow:\n\n- sellers must provide an Energy Performance Certificate for the property\n\n- if a seller is using an estate agent, potential buyers must make any offers through the agent\n\n- once a buyer\u2019s offer has been accepted, the seller\u2019s responsible for drawing up a legal contract to transfer ownership\n\n- an offer is not legally binding until contracts are exchanged\n\n- depending on the amount given for property, the buyer may have to pay tax\n\nThis guide relates to England and Wales. Shelter has advice about buying and selling a home in Scotland.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying property with someone else\n\nYou can own a home with up to 3 other people. Find out more about the different types of joint property ownership.\n\n## Energy Performance Certificates\n\nEnergy Performance Certificates (EPCs) are needed whenever a property is:\n\n- built\n\n- sold\n\n- rented\n\nYou must order an EPC for potential buyers and tenants before you market your property to sell or rent.\n\nIn Scotland, you must display the EPC somewhere in the property, for example in the meter cupboard or next to the boiler.\n\nAn EPC contains:\n\n- information about a property\u2019s energy use and typical energy costs\n\n- recommendations about how to reduce energy use and save money\n\nAn EPC gives a property an energy efficiency rating from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient) and is valid for 10 years.\n\nCheck how you could make your home more energy efficient using the Energy Savings Trust\u2019s home energy check.\n\n## How to get an EPC\n\nYou\u2019ll need to find an accredited assessor if you\u2019re selling or renting out your home in:\n\n- England, Wales and Northern Ireland\n\n- Scotland\n\nThey\u2019ll assess your property and produce the certificate.\n\nYou can be fined if you do not get an EPC when you need one.\n\nThe person selling the house, the landlord or the letting agent must show you the EPC if you\u2019re buying or renting.\n\n## Buildings that do not need an EPC\n\nThese include:\n\n- places of worship\n\n- temporary buildings that will be used for less than 2 years\n\n- stand-alone buildings with total useful floor space of less than 50 square metres\n\n- industrial sites, workshops and non-residential agricultural buildings that do not use a lot of energy\n\n- some buildings that are due to be demolished\n\n- holiday accommodation that\u2019s rented out for less than 4 months a year or is let under a licence to occupy\n\n- listed buildings - you should get advice from your local authority conservation officer if the work would alter the building\u2019s character\n\n- residential buildings intended to be used less than 4 months a year\n\n## See other properties\u2019 EPCs\n\nYou can look at the EPCs of other properties free of charge. This lets you compare your home\u2019s energy performance with that of similar homes. You can search by the property\u2019s address or by the EPC\u2019s report reference number..\n\nYou can opt out of the EPC register if you do not want other people to be able to see your EPC.\n\n## Estate agents\n\nYou must sign a legally binding contract with an estate agent if you use one to sell your home.\n\nYou must stick to the terms of the contract or you could be taken to court.\n\nEstate agents must also treat buyers fairly. They must show any offers promptly and in writing to the person selling the house.\n\nEstate agents are also legally obliged to pass on any other offers for the property right up to when contracts are exchanged.\n\n## Complain about an estate agent\n\nYou must complain to the estate agent first and give them a fair chance to sort out your complaint. If they do not, you can complain to one of the following schemes:\n\n- The Property Ombudsman\n\n- Property Redress Scheme\n\nAsk the estate agent which scheme they belong to.\n\n## Offers\n\nA buyer must make an offer through the estate agent if a home is sold through one.\n\nA buyer can make their offer directly to the seller for a private sale.\n\nBuyers can make offers verbally (over the phone or in person) or in writing.\n\nAn offer is not legally binding in England and Wales until contracts are exchanged.\n\nIf a buyer makes an offer \u2018subject to contract\u2019, this means the price can still be negotiated (for example if a survey finds a problem with the property).\n\nThe law is different if you\u2019re making an offer for property in Scotland.\n\n## Transferring ownership (conveyancing)\n\n## Once the offer is accepted\n\nThe seller is responsible for drawing up a legal contract to transfer ownership.\n\nThe contract contains details about:\n\n- the sale price\n\n- the property boundaries\n\n- which fixtures and fittings (like carpets and kitchen units) are included\n\n- any legal restrictions or rights, like public footpaths or rules about using the property\n\n- any planning restrictions\n\n- services to the property, like drainage and gas\n\n- when the sale will complete\n\nIf the seller has hired a solicitor or conveyancer, they will:\n\n- draft the initial contract\n\n- answer questions from the buyer\u2019s solicitor or conveyancer (with the seller\u2019s help)\n\n- negotiate the details of the contract if necessary\n\n## Exchanging contracts\n\nWhen the buyer and seller are happy with the contract, both sides sign final copies and send them to each other.\n\nThe agreement to sell and buy is legally binding once this happens. Usually neither party can pull out without paying compensation.\n\n## Completion\n\nOnce you exchange contracts and deal with any remaining checks the buyer has asked for:\n\n- The money is transferred from the buyer to the seller.\n\n- The legal documents needed to transfer ownership are handed over to the buyer.\n\n- The seller moves out and leaves the property in the state agreed in the contract.\n\n- The seller hands over the keys to the buyer.\n\n- The property now belongs to the buyer.\n\nCitizens Advice has more advice about buying or selling your home.\n\n## Tax\n\nYou may need to pay:\n\n- Stamp Duty Land Tax when you buy a home in England\n\n- Land Transaction Tax when you buy a home in Wales\n\n- Capital Gains Tax when you sell a home\n\n## Stamp Duty Land Tax\n\n## If you buy between 8 July 2020 and 30 June 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3500,000 for the property.\n\n## If you buy between 1 July 2021 and 30 September 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3250,000 for the property.\n\n## If you buy from 1 October 2021\n\nYou pay SDLT if you paid more than \u00a3125,000 for the property. This threshold also applies to any property bought before 8 July 2020.\n\nYou still have to pay if you swap something of economic value for a property, for example shares or another property.\n\n## If you\u2019re buying your first home\n\nFrom 1 July 2021 you do not have to pay SDLT if the property is \u00a3300,000 or less.\n\n## Capital Gains Tax\n\nYou do not pay Capital Gains Tax when you sell (or \u2018dispose of\u2019) your home if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve lived in it as your main home for all the time you\u2019ve owned it\n\n- you have not let part of it out or used part of it for business only\n\n- the grounds, including the buildings, are smaller than 5,000 square metres (just over an acre)\n\nThis is because you automatically get a tax relief called Private Residence Relief. You do not need to do anything.\n\nIf you do not meet all these criteria you may have to pay some Capital Gains Tax.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/buy-sell-your-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a four-bedroomed family home on the outskirts of Nuneaton, England, which I am now about to sell. This has been the main residence of myself and my partner and children for the past 18 years, and has a total footprint of just under 400 square meters if the garden is included. No part of the house has ever been let out, or used solely for business purposes.", + "original_question": "Will I need to pay Capital Gains Tax on the sale of this house?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2221", + "question": "Scenario: My employee is adopting a child from Spain. They had been employed for 36 weeks at the time they informed me about the adoption and gave all of the relevant information. Their pay averaged \u00a3304 per week over the 8 weeks prior to notification, and they are now requesting statutory adoption pay.\n\nQuestion: Is this employee eligible for statutory adoption pay?\n\nDocument - Statutory Adoption Pay and Leave: employer guide:\n## Entitlement\n\nWhen an employee takes time off to adopt a child or have a child through a surrogacy arrangement they might be eligible for Statutory Adoption Pay and Leave.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nEmployees can take up to 52 weeks\u2019 Statutory Adoption Leave. The first 26 weeks is known as \u2018Ordinary Adoption Leave\u2019, the last 26 weeks as \u2018Additional Adoption Leave\u2019.\n\nLeave can start:\n\n- on the date the child starts living with the employee or up to 14 days before the expected placement date (UK adoptions)\n\n- when an employee has been matched with a child to be placed with them by a UK adoption agency\n\n- when the child arrives in the UK or within 28 days of this date (overseas adoptions)\n\n- the day the child\u2019s born or the day after (parents in surrogacy arrangements)\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nStatutory Adoption Pay (SAP) for employees is:\n\n- 90% of their gross average weekly earnings for the first 6 weeks\n\n- \u00a3151.97 a week or 90% of their gross average weekly earnings (whichever is lower) for the next 33 weeks\n\nTax and National Insurance need to be deducted.\n\nCalculate an employee\u2019s adoption leave and pay using the maternity and paternity calculator.\n\nSome employment types like agency workers, directors and educational workers have different rules for entitlement.\n\n## Extra leave or pay\n\nYou can offer more than the statutory amounts if you have a company scheme for adoption leave and pay. You must make sure your scheme\u2019s policies are clear and available to staff.\n\n## Employment rights\n\nAn employee\u2019s employment rights (like the right to pay, holidays and returning to a job) are protected during adoption leave. You still have to pay Statutory Adoption Pay even if you stop trading.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nSome employees will not qualify for both leave and pay.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- be classed as an employee\n\nThey do not have to give you proof of the adoption or surrogacy unless you ask for it.\n\n## Leave for employees adopting a child from overseas\n\nEmployee must also sign form SC6 if they\u2019re adopting from overseas with a partner. This confirms they\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nEmployees must:\n\n- have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the week they were matched with a child\n\n- be on your payroll and earn at least \u00a3120 a week in an 8-week period - the \u2018relevant period\u2019\n\n- give you the correct notice\n\n- give you proof of the adoption\n\nIf your employee usually earns an average of \u00a3120 or more a week, and they only earned less in some weeks because they were paid but not working (\u2018on furlough\u2019) under the Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme, they may still be eligible.\n\nUse the adoption pay calculator to check an employee\u2019s eligibility and work out their matching week, relevant period, notice period and adoption pay.\n\nThere are special rules for some employee situations, for example if they leave, become sick or if they or their child dies.\n\n## Pay for employees adopting a child from overseas\n\nThe requirements are the same for employees adopting from overseas, except they must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks at the start of the week when the pay will begin.\n\nThey must also sign form SC6 if they\u2019re adopting with a partner. This confirms they\u2019re not taking paternity leave or pay.\n\n## Pay for employees in surrogacy arrangements\n\nThe requirements are the same for employees in surrogacy arrangements, except they must have been continuously employed by you for at least 26 weeks up to any day in the 15th week before the baby is due.\n\nIf you ask for it, they must also give you proof that they intend to become the baby\u2019s legal parent.\n\n## Who cannot qualify\n\nEmployees will not qualify for either adoption leave or pay if they:\n\n- become a special guardian or kinship carer\n\n- adopt a stepchild or family member\n\n- adopt privately, for example without permission from a UK authority or adoption agency\n\n## Notice period\n\nNotice does not have to be in writing unless you request it.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nEmployees must give you 28 days\u2019 notice before they want to be paid Statutory Adoption Pay, unless the time between the child being matched and placed is less than that.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nWithin 7 days of being matched with a child, employees must tell you:\n\n- how much leave they want\n\n- their leave start date\n\n- the \u2018date of placement\u2019 - the expected or actual date the child is placed with them\n\nYou have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.\n\nThere are different rules for overseas adoptions and surrogacy arrangements.\n\n## Leave for employees adopting a child from overseas\n\nWithin 28 days of getting their \u2018official notification\u2019, employees adopting from overseas must tell you the date of the notification and when they expect the child to arrive in the UK.\n\nIf they\u2019ve worked for you for less than 26 weeks, they can tell you within 28 days of the Sunday in their 26th week instead.\n\nThey must also tell you:\n\n- the actual date the child arrives in the UK - within 28 days of this date\n\n- how much leave they want and when they want it to start - giving you 28 days\u2019 notice\n\nYou have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.\n\n## Leave for employees in surrogacy arrangements\n\nAt least 15 weeks before the due date, employees in surrogacy arrangements must tell you when the baby is due and when they want to start their leave. You can ask for this in writing.\n\nYou have 28 days to write to them confirming their leave start and end date.\n\n## Changes to leave dates\n\nEmployees must tell you about changes to leave dates at least 28 days before their original start date or the new start date - whichever is earlier.\n\nYou must write to them if you have to amend their leave start and end dates.\n\nEmployees must give 8 weeks\u2019 notice if they want to change the date they return to work.\n\n## Proof of adoption\n\nEmployees must give you proof of adoption to qualify for Statutory Adoption Pay. Proof is not needed for Statutory Adoption Leave unless you ask for it.\n\nFor adoption, the proof must show the:\n\n- name and address of the agency and employee\n\n- date the child was matched, for example the matching certificate\n\n- expected or actual date of placement, for example a letter from the agency\n\n- relevant UK authority\u2019s \u2018official notification\u2019 confirming the parent is allowed to adopt (overseas adoptions only)\n\n- date the child arrived in the UK, for example a plane ticket (overseas adoptions only)\n\nYou must keep records of the proof.\n\n## Surrogacy arrangements\n\nProof is not needed for leave or pay unless you ask for it.\n\nIf you ask, employees must give you a written statement (\u2018statutory declaration\u2019) to confirm that they:\n\n- intend to apply for a parental order in the 6 months after the baby\u2019s birth\n\n- expect the order to be granted (for example because they do not have any convictions involving children, and the birth mother or father agree to the arrangement)\n\n## Refusing pay or leave\n\n## Statutory Adoption Leave\n\nYou cannot refuse adoption leave or change the amount of leave employees want to take off.\n\nFor adoption, you can delay the start date if the employee does not have a reasonable excuse for giving you the wrong amount of notice. To delay it, write to them within 28 days of their leave request.\n\n## Statutory Adoption Pay\n\nYou can refuse Statutory Adoption Pay if the employee does not qualify.\n\nTo refuse it, give the employee form SAP1 within 7 days of your decision. They must get this form within 28 days of their request for Statutory Adoption Pay or the date they were matched with the child (whichever is earlier).\n\n## Record keeping\n\nYou must keep records for HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC), including:\n\n- proof of adoption\n\n- the date Statutory Adoption Pay started\n\n- the payments of Statutory Adoption Pay you\u2019ve made - including dates\n\n- the payments you\u2019ve reclaimed\n\n- any weeks you did not pay and why\n\nYou must keep records for 3 years from the end of the tax year they relate to (for example by using form SAP2 or keeping your own records).\n\n## Help with statutory pay\n\nFor financial help with statutory pay, you can:\n\n- reclaim payments (usually 92%)\n\n- apply for an advance if you cannot afford payments", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employers-adoption-pay-leave", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My employee is adopting a child from Spain. They had been employed for 36 weeks at the time they informed me about the adoption and gave all of the relevant information. Their pay averaged \u00a3304 per week over the 8 weeks prior to notification, and they are now requesting statutory adoption pay.", + "original_question": "Is this employee eligible for statutory adoption pay?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2222", + "question": "Scenario: I purchased my current family home in Norwich, England from the local council 9 years ago under the right-to-buy scheme. With my children having now grown up and left home my partner and I are now looking to sell the house and retire to something a little smaller. I offered to sell the house back to the local council three months ago, but they have indicated that they do not wish to purchase it.\n\nQuestion: Can I now sell my home to whomever I like on the open market?\n\nDocument - Right to Buy: buying your council home:\n## Overview\n\nRight to Buy allows most council tenants to buy their council home at a discount. Use the eligibility checker on the Own Your Home website to find out if you can apply.\n\nThere are different rules for Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\nYou can apply to buy your council home if:\n\n- it\u2019s your only or main home\n\n- it\u2019s self-contained\n\n- you\u2019re a secure tenant\n\n- you\u2019ve had a public sector landlord (for example, a council, housing association or NHS trust) for 3 years - it does not have to be 3 years in a row\n\n## Joint applications\n\nYou can make a joint application with:\n\n- someone who shares your tenancy\n\n- up to 3 family members who\u2019ve lived with you for the past 12 months (even if they do not share your tenancy)\n\n## Ex-council homes\n\nIf your home used to be owned by the council, but they sold it to another landlord (like a housing association) while you were living in it, you may have the Right to Buy. This is called \u2018Preserved Right to Buy\u2019.\n\nAsk your landlord if this applies to you.\n\n## Other ways to buy your home\n\nIf you were not living in your home when it was sold by the council you may still be able to buy it through the Voluntary Right to Buy pilot.\n\n## Discounts\n\nYou can get a discount on the market value of your home when you buy it if you qualify for Right to Buy.\n\nThe maximum discount is \u00a384,600 across England, except in London boroughs where it is \u00a3112,800. It will increase each year in April in line with the consumer price index (CPI).\n\nThe discount is based on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been a tenant with a public sector landlord\n\n- the type of property you\u2019re buying - a flat or house\n\n- the value of your home\n\nIf you\u2019re buying with someone else, you count the years of whoever\u2019s been a public sector tenant the longest.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to repay some or all your discount if you sell your home within 5 years.\n\nYou might get a smaller discount if you\u2019ve used Right to Buy in the past.\n\n## Working out the discount\n\nUse the Right to Buy calculator to find out how much discount you could get.\n\nThere are different discount levels for houses and flats.\n\n## Houses\n\nYou get a 35% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.\n\nAfter 5 years, the discount goes up 1% for every extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).\n\n## Flats\n\nYou get a 50% discount if you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant for between 3 and 5 years.\n\nAfter 5 years, the discount goes up by 2% for each extra year you\u2019ve been a public sector tenant, up to a maximum of 70% or \u00a384,600 across England and \u00a3112,800 in London boroughs (whichever is lower).\n\n## If your landlord has spent money on your home\n\nYour discount will be less if your landlord has spent money building or maintaining your home:\n\n- in the last 10 years - if your landlord built or acquired your home before 2 April 2012\n\n- in the last 15 years - if you\u2019re buying your home through Preserved Right to Buy, or if your landlord acquired your home after 2 April 2012\n\nYou will not get any discount if your landlord has spent more money than your home is now worth.\n\n## Applying\n\n- Fill in the Right to Buy application form (RTB1 notice).\n\n- Send it to your landlord.\n\n- Your landlord must say yes or no within 4 weeks of getting your application (8 weeks if they\u2019ve been your landlord for less than 3 years). If your landlord says no, they must say why.\n\n- If your landlord agrees to sell, they\u2019ll send you an offer. They must do this within 8 weeks of saying yes if you\u2019re buying a freehold property, or 12 weeks if you\u2019re buying a leasehold property.\n\n## Your landlord's offer\n\nIf your landlord agrees to sell, their offer will tell you:\n\n- the price they think you should pay for the property and how it was worked out\n\n- your discount and how it was worked out\n\n- a description of the property and any land included in the price\n\n- estimates of any service charges (for a flat or maisonette) for the first 5 years\n\n- any known problems with the property\u2019s structure, for example, subsidence\n\n## Deciding to buy\n\nYou have 12 weeks after you get your landlord\u2019s offer to tell them you still want to buy.\n\nThe landlord will send you a reminder if you do not reply to the offer. You have 28 days to reply to the reminder, or the landlord could drop your application.\n\nYou can pull out of the sale and continue to rent at any time.\n\n## If you disagree with the landlord\u2019s offer\n\nContact your landlord and tell them why.\n\nIf you think your landlord has set your home\u2019s market value too high, you must write to them within 3 months of getting the offer and ask them for an independent valuation.\n\nA district valuer from HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will then visit your home and decide how much it\u2019s worth. You have 12 weeks to accept their valuation or pull out of the sale.\n\n## Appeals\n\nYou can appeal to a tribunal if you\u2019re stopped from buying your home because it\u2019s suitable for housing elderly people.\n\nYou must appeal within 56 days of the council turning down your application.\n\n## Delays\n\nYour landlord must complete parts of your Right to Buy application within set time limits.\n\nYou could get a reduction in the sale price if they do not.\n\n## Applying for a reduction because of a delay\n\nFill in the \u2018Initial notice of delay\u2019 form (RTB6) and send it to your landlord.\n\nYour landlord must then either move the sale along within 1 month or send you a \u2018counter notice\u2019. The counter notice will say that they\u2019ve already replied or explain why they cannot speed things up.\n\nIf your landlord does not reply within a month of getting the RTB6, fill in the \u2018Operative notice of delay\u2019 form (RTB8). This means that any rent you pay while you\u2019re waiting to hear from your landlord could be taken off the sale price.\n\nYou can do this each time your landlord is late getting back to you.\n\n## Selling your home\n\nIf you sell your home within 10 years of buying it through Right to Buy, you must first offer it to either:\n\n- your old landlord\n\n- another social landlord in the area\n\nThe property should be sold at the full market price agreed between you and the landlord.\n\nIf you cannot agree, a district valuer will say how much your home is worth and set the price. You will not have to pay for their valuation.\n\nYou can sell your home to anyone if the landlord does not agree to buy it within 8 weeks.\n\n## Paying back your discount\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay back some or all of the discount you got if you sell your Right to Buy home within 5 years of buying it.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay back all of the discount if you sell within the first year. After that, the total amount you pay back reduces to:\n\n- 80% of the discount in the second year\n\n- 60% of the discount in the third year\n\n- 40% of the discount in the fourth year\n\n- 20% of the discount in the fifth year\n\nThe amount you pay back depends on the value of your home when you sell it.\n\nYou may not have to pay back the discount if you transfer ownership of your home to a member of your family. You\u2019ll need to agree this first with your landlord and then get a solicitor to do this for you.\n\n## Rural homes\n\nYour former landlord may limit who you can sell your home to if your home is in:\n\n- a national park\n\n- an area of outstanding natural beauty\n\n- an area the government says is rural for Right to Buy\n\nFor example, you may have to sell your home to someone who\u2019s lived or worked in the area for more than 3 years. This may mean you have difficulty getting a mortgage to buy your home.\n\nYour landlord will tell you if this could apply to your home when you apply for Right to Buy.\n\n## Help and advice\n\nYou can get free advice about:\n\n- how to complete your Right to Buy application\n\n- whether the scheme is right for you\n\n- how much it will cost you\n\n- your eligibility\n\nAsk your landlord about Right to Buy. They may also be able to help you complete the application form.\n\n## Right to Buy Agent service\n\nThe Right to Buy Agent service offers free advice on things like:\n\n- the Right to Buy process\n\n- eligibility\n\n- filling out your application form\n\n- where you can get financial and legal advice\n\n- what to do if your application is delayed\n\n## Money Advice Service\n\nThe Money Advice Service offers free, impartial advice about money, including buying a home and taking out a mortgage.\n\n## Other help\n\nRead the Right to Buy summary booklet and the Right to Buy guidance.\n\nYou can also get advice on Right to Buy from:\n\n- the Own Your Home website\n\n- Citizens Advice\n\n- Shelter\n\n- your local Law Centre", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/right-to-buy-buying-your-council-home", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I purchased my current family home in Norwich, England from the local council 9 years ago under the right-to-buy scheme. With my children having now grown up and left home my partner and I are now looking to sell the house and retire to something a little smaller. I offered to sell the house back to the local council three months ago, but they have indicated that they do not wish to purchase it.", + "original_question": "Can I now sell my home to whomever I like on the open market?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2223", + "question": "Scenario: I am currently getting Reduced Earnings Allowance due to having problems finding regular work. I will soon turn 66, which is the state pension age for my cohort, and am wondering what will happen to my benefits when I do.\n\nQuestion: Will I still be eligible for Reduced Earnings Allowance ?\n\nDocument - Reduced Earnings Allowance:\n## Overview\n\nIf you cannot earn as much as you used to because of an accident or disease caused by your work, you could get up to \u00a373.16 per week Reduced Earnings Allowance.\n\nYou can only get it for accidents that happened, or diseases that started, before 1 October 1990.\n\nYou may also be able to get Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB).\n\n## Effect on other benefits\n\nReduced Earnings Allowance could affect any income-related benefits that you or your partner get.\n\nContact the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre for details.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nYou could get up to \u00a373.16 per week.\n\nWhat you get depends on how much you earn in your regular employment.\n\nAsk the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre about how much you can get.\n\nReduced Earnings Allowance will be replaced by another benefit called Retirement Allowance if both the following apply:\n\n- you reach State Pension age\n\n- you\u2019re not in regular employment\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nAll benefits, pensions and allowances are paid into your bank, building society or credit union account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou could get Reduced Earnings Allowance if you have an illness or disability caused by a work-related accident or disease that happened before 1 October 1990.\n\nYou must also meet all of the following criteria:\n\n- your level of disability is assessed to be at least 1%\n\n- you cannot return to your regular occupation\n\n- you cannot do other work with the same level of earnings as your regular occupation\n\n## Going abroad\n\nIf you leave the UK to live abroad permanently, you may not be able to get Reduced Earnings Allowance.\n\nCheck if you can get benefits if you move to the EU, European Economic Area (EEA) or Switzerland.\n\nFor temporary visits to countries outside the EEA, you can usually claim for the first 3 months of your stay.\n\nThis can be longer in special circumstances - check with the International Pensions Centre to see if you qualify.\n\n## Your circumstances change\n\nTell the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre straight away if your circumstances change, for example:\n\n- you stop or start work\n\n- you change your occupation\n\n- your earnings change\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou\u2019ll need to fill in and post a claim form.\n\nContact the Barnsley Industrial Injuries Disablement Benefit (IIDB) centre to get a form.\n\nThe form comes with notes that will:\n\n- help you fill it in\n\n- tell you where to send it\n\nClaim straight away or you might lose benefit.\n\n## Contact the Barnsley IIDB centre\n\n## Alternative formats\n\nCall to ask for alternative formats, such as braille, large print or audio CD.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/reduced-earnings-allowance", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am currently getting Reduced Earnings Allowance due to having problems finding regular work. I will soon turn 66, which is the state pension age for my cohort, and am wondering what will happen to my benefits when I do.", + "original_question": "Will I still be eligible for Reduced Earnings Allowance ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2224", + "question": "Scenario: My son Richard was born 6 months ago, and has tragically been diagnosed with a progressive neural disease which may retard his mental development as he gets older. I'm thinking about saving something in a Child Trust Fund each month to help pay for his care as an adult, but am worried that he won't be mentally able to use this when it matures.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for the right to manage this CTF money for him after he turns 18?\n\nDocument - Child Trust Fund:\n## Overview\n\nA Child Trust Fund (CTF) is a long-term tax-free savings account for children.\n\nYou cannot apply for a new Child Trust Fund because the scheme is now closed. You can apply for a Junior ISA instead.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\n## If you already have a Child Trust Fund\n\nYou can continue to add up to \u00a39,000 a year to your CTF account. The money belongs to the child and they can only take it out when they\u2019re 18. They can take control of the account when they\u2019re 16.\n\nThere\u2019s no tax to pay on the CTF income or any profit it makes. It will not affect any benefits or tax credits you receive.\n\n## Managing the account\n\nIf you\u2019re the main contact for the Child Trust Fund (CTF) account you\u2019re called the \u2018registered contact\u2019. You have certain responsibilities until the child turns 18, or until the child takes control of their own account.\n\n## Your responsibilities as the registered contact\n\nYou\u2019re the only person who can:\n\n- tell the account provider how to invest the fund and run the account\n\n- change the address and other personal details\n\n- change the type of account, for example from cash to stocks and shares\n\n- move the account to another provider\n\nContact your CTF provider to do this.\n\n## Moving to a different account\n\nYou can transfer a CTF account to a Junior ISA. Contact a Junior ISA provider to do this.\n\n## Records you need to keep\n\nKeep the following paperwork:\n\n- your child\u2019s Unique Reference Number (you\u2019ll find this on your annual CTF statement)\n\n- the account statements\n\n- details of the account type and the provider\n\n## Change a registered contact\n\nYou can change the registered contact to someone with parental responsibility for the child, like a parent, step-parent or legal guardian if both parties agree to this.\n\nYour CTF provider can tell you how to change the registered contact of a CTF account.\n\n## When your child is 16 or 18\n\nOnce your child turns 16, they can either:\n\n- take over the account by contacting the CTF provider\n\n- leave you in charge of the account\n\nWhen the child turns 18, they take over the account and can take out the money.\n\n## If your child lacks the mental capacity to manage their account when it matures\n\nYou, or a close friend or relative, need to apply to the Court of Protection (COP) for a financial deputyship order so you can manage your child\u2019s account when they turn 18. Once the account matures, the money can either be taken out or transferred into an ISA.\n\nIn Scotland, applications need to be made to the Office of the Public Guardian in Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, applications need to be made to the Office of Care and Protection.\n\n## Add money to the account\n\nAnyone can pay money into a Child Trust Fund (CTF) account.\n\nYou cannot apply for a new Child Trust Fund because the scheme is now closed. You can apply for a Junior ISA instead.\n\n## How much you can add\n\nYou can put up to \u00a39,000 a year into the account - the year starts on the child\u2019s birthday and ends the day before their next birthday.\n\nIf you do not use the \u00a39,000 limit, you cannot carry any unused amount over to the following year.\n\n## How to pay money in\n\nFor stakeholder accounts you can add money by:\n\n- cheque\n\n- standing order\n\n- direct debit\n\nFor savings or share accounts, check with your provider.\n\n## Government payments\n\nPayments made by the government do not count towards the \u00a39,000, apart from \npayments made by a local council to a child in care.\n\n## Find a Child Trust Fund\n\nYou can find out where a Child Trust Fund (CTF) is held if you do not know the provider.\n\nFill in the form online to ask HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) where the account was originally opened.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Government Gateway user ID and password. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you fill in the online form.\n\nIf you\u2019re a parent looking for your child\u2019s trust fund, you\u2019ll need either:\n\n- the child\u2019s Unique Reference Number (you\u2019ll find this on your annual CTF statement)\n\n- their National Insurance number\n\nIf you\u2019re looking for your own trust fund, you\u2019ll need your National Insurance number.\n\nHMRC will send you details of the CTF provider by post within 3 weeks of receiving your request.\n\nHMRC will contact you for more information if you\u2019ve adopted the child or a court has given you parental responsibility for them.\n\n## Applying by post\n\nYou can also contact HMRC by post to find out where a CTF is held.\n\nIf you\u2019re a parent looking for your child\u2019s trust fund, you\u2019ll need to include your full name and address and all of the following:\n\n- child\u2019s full name and address\n\n- child\u2019s date of birth\n\n- child\u2019s National Insurance number or Unique Reference Number if known\n\nIf you\u2019re looking for your own trust fund, you\u2019ll need to include all of the following:\n\n- your full name and address\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your National Insurance number or Unique Reference Number if known\n\n## Accounts for children in care\n\nSome children looked after by local authorities have a Child Trust Fund (CTF) account set up on their behalf. The Share Foundation acts as the registered contact for these accounts.\n\n## How the account is managed\n\nThe Share Foundation manages the CTF account for the child and will:\n\n- write to the child when they take control of the account\n\n- change the type of CTF account and provider if necessary and write to the child to explain why the change was made\n\n- send account statements to the child\n\nThey\u2019ll manage the account until:\n\n- the child turns 18\n\n- the child turns 16 and decides to manage the account themselves\n\n- someone takes parental responsibility for the child, for example through adoption\n\n## Take over the management of an account\n\nContact the Share Foundation if you\u2019re taking parental responsibility for a child and want to manage their CTF account.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence of parental responsibility, for example an adoption certificate.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter confirming that you can take over responsibility for the account. Show this to the CTF provider who can update the account to say you\u2019re the registered contact.\n\n## When a child in care turns 16\n\nThe Share Foundation will write to the child about 2 months before their 16th birthday, telling them how to become the registered contact for the account.\n\nIf they choose to take control of the account, they can:\n\n- start managing it when they turn 16\n\n- withdraw money when they turn 18\n\n## If your child is terminally ill or dies\n\nIf your child is terminally ill you can take money out of their Child Trust Fund (CTF) account. If they die, the money passes to whoever inherits their estate (property and possessions).\n\n## If your child is terminally ill\n\n\u2018Terminally ill\u2019 means they have a disease or illness that\u2019s going to get worse and are not likely to live more than 6 months. Only the registered contact can take money out of the account.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nFill in the terminal illness early access form to let HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) know that:\n\n- your child is terminally ill\n\n- you want to take the money out of the account\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide evidence that your child is terminally ill.\n\n## If your child dies\n\nThe money in the account will be paid to the person who inherits the child\u2019s estate. This is often one of the child\u2019s parents, but if your child was married, it could be their husband or wife.\n\nIf you get Child Benefit for a child who has died this can still carry on for a short time.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nTell the CTF account provider. They\u2019ll usually need proof, for example the death certificate.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/child-trust-funds", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My son Richard was born 6 months ago, and has tragically been diagnosed with a progressive neural disease which may retard his mental development as he gets older. I'm thinking about saving something in a Child Trust Fund each month to help pay for his care as an adult, but am worried that he won't be mentally able to use this when it matures.", + "original_question": "Can I apply for the right to manage this CTF money for him after he turns 18?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2225", + "question": "Scenario: I have just been appointed finance director for a consulting firm based in the City of London, and my duties will of course include our supervising our payroll. After the disruption caused to HMRC by the pandemic, I am concerned that I may not receive my employees' new tax codes for the next financial year in time. All of the affected employees appear to have codes ending in 'M1'.\n\nQuestion: If I don't receive notification of new employee tax codes from HMRC by the end of March, is it OK to carry forward the existing codes into the next financial year?\n\nDocument - Understanding your employees' tax codes:\n## Overview\n\nYou put an employee\u2019s tax code into your payroll software to work out how much tax to deduct from their pay throughout the year.\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere\u2019s a separate guide on tax codes if you\u2019re an employee.\n\n## What you need to do\n\nWhen you take on a new employee, you normally work out their tax code by using their P45. The code will usually be made up of several numbers and a letter, such as 1257L.\n\nYou usually need to update your employee\u2019s tax code at the start of a new tax year. If the tax code changes during the year, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will email you - you should update your payroll records as soon as possible.\n\n## Tax code 1257L\n\nThe most common tax code for tax year 2021 to 2022 is 1257L. It\u2019s used for most people with one job and no untaxed income, unpaid tax or taxable benefits (for example a company car).\n\n1257L is an emergency tax code only if followed by \u2018W1\u2019, \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018X\u2019. Emergency codes can be used if a new employee doesn\u2019t have a P45.\n\n## What the numbers mean\n\nThe numbers in an employee\u2019s tax code show how much tax-free income they get in that tax year.\n\nYou usually multiply the number in the tax code by 10 to get the total amount of income they can earn before being taxed.\n\nFor example, an employee with the tax code 1257L can earn \u00a312,570 before being taxed. If they earn \u00a327,000 per year, their taxable income is \u00a314,430.\n\nThe process is different if the employee has the letter \u2018K\u2019 in their tax code.\n\n## What the letters mean\n\nLetters in an employee\u2019s tax code refer to their situation and how it affects their Personal Allowance.\n\n| Code | How tax is deducted | When this code is usually used |\n\n| 0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up |\n\n| BR | From all income at the basic rate | For a second job or pension |\n\n| C | From income in the Welsh tax bands | For an employee whose main home is in Wales |\n\n| C0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee whose main home is in Wales hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up |\n\n| CBR | From all income at the basic rate in Wales | For a second job or pension |\n\n| CD0 | From all income at the higher rate in Wales | For a second job or pension |\n\n| CD1 | From all income at the additional rate in Wales | For a second job or pension |\n\n| D0 | From all income at the higher rate | For a second job or pension |\n\n| D1 | From all income at the additional rate | For a second job or pension |\n\n| L | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee entitled to the standard tax-free Personal Allowance |\n\n| M | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee whose spouse or civil partner has transferred some of their Personal Allowance |\n\n| N | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | For an employee who has transferred some of their Personal Allowance to their spouse or civil partner |\n\n| NT | No tax is deducted | Very specific cases, for example musicians who are regarded as self-employed and not subject to PAYE |\n\n| S | From income in the Scottish tax bands | For an employee whose main home is in Scotland |\n\n| S0T | From all income - there is no Personal Allowance | When an employee whose main home is in Scotland hasn\u2019t given you a P45 or enough details to work out their tax code, or when their Personal Allowance has been used up |\n\n| SBR | From all income at the basic rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| SD0 | From all income at the intermediate rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| SD1 | From all income at the higher rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| SD2 | From all income at the top rate in Scotland | For a second job or pension |\n\n| T | At basic, higher and additional rates depending on the amount of taxable income | When HMRC needs to review some items with the employee |\n\n## If your employee\u2019s tax code has \u2018W1\u2019 or \u2018M1\u2019 at the end\n\nW1 (week 1) and M1 (month 1) are emergency tax codes and appear at the end of an employee\u2019s tax code, for example \u2018577L W1\u2019 or \u2018577L M1\u2019. Calculate your employee\u2019s tax only on what they are paid in the current pay period, not the whole year.\n\n## Tax codes with the letter \u2018K\u2019\n\nThe letter K is used in an employee\u2019s tax code when deductions due for company benefits, state pension or tax owed from previous years are greater than their Personal Allowance.\n\nMultiply the number in their tax code by 10 to show how much should be added to their taxable income before deductions are calculated.\n\nThe tax deduction for each pay period can\u2019t be more than half an employee\u2019s pre-tax pay or pension.\n\n## Changes during the tax year\n\nUsually someone\u2019s tax code changes if their tax-free income (Personal Allowance) goes up or down, for example they start or stop receiving a taxable benefit like a company car.\n\n- HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will send you an email alert if one of your employees\u2019 tax codes changes.\n\n- Access the new tax code in PAYE Online (in \u2018tax code notices\u2019), the PAYE Desktop Viewer application, or in your payroll software (if it has this feature). Check if your employee\u2019s previous pay and tax are included with the new tax code. If they are, note these figures.\n\n- As soon as possible, and before you next pay your employee, update their payroll record with their new tax code. Add their previous pay and tax, if you received these figures with the new tax code.\n\nA tax code notice is sometimes called a P6 form.\n\nIf you receive an employee\u2019s new tax code too late to use in the tax year, you should use it in the new tax year.\n\n## Updating for the new tax year\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will tell you between January and March about any new tax codes to use for employees in the new tax year. This starts on 6 April.\n\nIf an employee\u2019s tax code isn\u2019t changing, HMRC won\u2019t contact you and you should carry forward the employee\u2019s tax code to the new tax year.\n\nIf your employee\u2019s tax code ends with \u2018M1\u2019 or \u2018W1\u2019 (\u2018month 1\u2019 or \u2018week 1\u2019), don\u2019t carry this part of the code into the new tax year.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employee-tax-codes", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have just been appointed finance director for a consulting firm based in the City of London, and my duties will of course include our supervising our payroll. After the disruption caused to HMRC by the pandemic, I am concerned that I may not receive my employees' new tax codes for the next financial year in time. All of the affected employees appear to have codes ending in 'M1'.", + "original_question": "If I don't receive notification of new employee tax codes from HMRC by the end of March, is it OK to carry forward the existing codes into the next financial year?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2228", + "question": "Scenario: I have a business, and am still owed \u00a317,000 by a limited company in the UK for a machine which I supplied to them over 8 years ago. They have recently gone into administration due to lack of funds and have stated that they will not be paying me.\n\nQuestion: If I issue a statutory demand for payment will it assist my case in receiving some of the money owed to me?\n\nDocument - Make and serve a statutory demand, or challenge one:\n## When you can make a statutory demand\n\nYou can make a statutory demand to ask for payment of a debt from an individual or company.\n\nAnyone who\u2019s owed money (the \u2018creditor\u2019) can make a statutory demand. You do not need a lawyer.\n\nIf the debt\u2019s over 6 years old, you cannot usually make a statutory demand. You can get legal advice instead.\n\nThere may be faster ways of getting smaller debts paid than making a statutory demand.\n\nWhen the individual or company that owes you money (the \u2018debtor\u2019) receives a statutory demand, they have 21 days to either:\n\n- pay the debt\n\n- reach an agreement to pay\n\nYou can apply to bankrupt your debtor or close (\u2018wind up\u2019) their company if they do not respond to the statutory demand within 21 days.\n\n## Statutory demand forms\n\nChoose the form you need, fill it in and deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) it to the individual or company that owes you money.\n\nYou do not need to send a separate letter.\n\n## Serve a demand on an individual (including partners in a partnership)\n\nWhich form you need depends on whether you\u2019re collecting a debt that\u2019s:\n\n- payable now\n\n- payable now following a judgment or court order\n\n- payable in the future, if you think they will not be able to pay the debt when they need to\n\nIf you\u2019re serving a demand on a business partnership, you need to download and fill in a form for each partner.\n\n## Serve a demand on a limited company\n\nUse statutory demand form SD 1.\n\n## If you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nYou must use a different form to make a statutory demand in Scotland.\n\n## How to serve a statutory demand\n\nYou must deliver (\u2018serve\u2019) the statutory demand form by:\n\n- giving it to the individual who owes you money (you should try all their known addresses)\n\n- leaving it at the registered office of the company or partnership that owes money (or the main place of business if they do not have a registered office)\n\n- giving it to the company\u2019s director, company secretary, manager or principal officer\n\n- get a \u2018process server\u2019 to serve it for you (a solicitor can arrange this)\n\nYou can only send it by registered post or put it through a letterbox if it cannot be delivered in person.\n\n## Records you must keep\n\nYou must keep a copy of the statutory demand and anything that confirms:\n\n- the time and date you served the statutory demand, for example a postage receipt or confirmation from your process server\n\n- the debtor has received the statutory demand\n\nYou\u2019ll need this information if your demand is ignored.\n\n## If your demand is ignored\n\nIf your debtor does not pay the debt or agree to your statutory demand within 21 days, you can:\n\n- start bankruptcy proceedings against any individuals who owe you \u00a35,000 or more\n\n- wind up a company that owes you \u00a3750 or more\n\nYou have 4 months to apply to bankrupt or wind up your debtor. If you\u2019re late, explain why to the court named on the statutory demand.\n\n## Serve a statutory demand abroad\n\nGet legal help if you want to serve a statutory demand in another country.\n\nYou need to serve a statutory demand according to local laws but also according to the UK rules.\n\n## Challenge a statutory demand\n\nIf you do not agree with a statutory demand you\u2019ve been given, you can apply to challenge it and get it \u2018set aside\u2019.\n\nYou can be made bankrupt or your company wound up if you ignore a statutory demand.\n\nYou must apply to the court named on your statutory demand. Contact a solicitor or your nearest county court if you\u2019re not sure where to send your application.\n\nYou cannot challenge a statutory demand if it was served on a company. You can apply to stop your creditors from winding up your company instead.\n\nAny bankruptcy petitions the creditor has already filed against you will usually be suspended until the court reaches a decision.\n\nThe court will not usually set aside a statutory demand if it was served on you following the judgment of another court unless, for example:\n\n- you think the creditor owes you the same amount as your debt, or more\n\n- the amount on the statutory demand is secured\n\n## Deadlines\n\nYou must apply to challenge the statutory demand within either:\n\n- 18 days if you were in the UK when you got the statutory demand\n\n- 21 to 34 days if you were in another country when you got the statutory demand - check the table of countries for specific deadlines\n\nIf the deadline is during a weekend or on a bank holiday, you have until the next day the court is open to apply.\n\nYou might be able to get an extension in some circumstances - contact the court to find out what these are.\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in form IAA.\n\nMake 3 copies of the completed form and either post them to the court named on your statutory demand or give them to the court in person.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou\u2019ll usually hear back from the court within 10 working days of applying.\n\nIf the court does not agree with your application, it can give the creditor permission to issue a bankruptcy petition against you.\n\nIf the court agrees with your application, your case will be passed on to a bankruptcy registrar. They\u2019ll look at your case and arrange a hearing.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nBoth sides will present their case to a registrar or judge. They\u2019ll either make a decision then, or ask you and the other party to give more evidence at another hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a decision at the end of the final hearing.\n\nIf you win your case, you\u2019ll get an order from the court setting aside the statutory demand. The deadline for paying the debt will be suspended.\n\nIf you lose, you\u2019ll have to pay back your debt within the 21 day time limit. The creditor can apply to bankrupt you if you do not pay in time and your debt is \u00a35,000 or more.\n\nDo not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\n## Contact the Insolvency Service\n\nUse the contact form to contact the Insolvency Service about delivering and challenging a statutory demand.\n\nYou cannot currently contact the Insolvency Service by telephone because of coronavirus (COVID-19).", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/statutory-demands", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a business, and am still owed \u00a317,000 by a limited company in the UK for a machine which I supplied to them over 8 years ago. They have recently gone into administration due to lack of funds and have stated that they will not be paying me.", + "original_question": "If I issue a statutory demand for payment will it assist my case in receiving some of the money owed to me?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2229", + "question": "Scenario: My Uncle appointed me as his deputy to run his businesses this is after he suffered an heart attack which left him mentally ill and paralysed. I have been running the business to his satisfaction.\n\nQuestion: Will my power as his deputy be valid after he dies, providing that no one manages to get a court order overturning it?\n\nDocument - Deputies: make decisions for someone who lacks capacity:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to become someone\u2019s deputy if they \u2018lack mental capacity\u2019. This means they cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made. They may still be able to make decisions for themselves at certain times.\n\nPeople may lack mental capacity because, for example:\n\n- they\u2019ve had a serious brain injury or illness\n\n- they have dementia\n\n- they have severe learning disabilities\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019ll be authorised by the Court of Protection to make decisions on their behalf.\n\n## Types of deputy\n\nThere are 2 types of deputy.\n\n## Property and financial affairs deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll do things like pay the person\u2019s bills or organise their pension.\n\n## Personal welfare deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll make decisions about medical treatment and how someone is looked after.\n\nYou cannot become someone\u2019s personal welfare deputy if they\u2019re under 16. Get legal advice if you think the court needs to make a decision about their care.\n\nThe court will usually only appoint a personal welfare deputy if:\n\n- there\u2019s doubt whether decisions will be made in someone\u2019s best interests, for example because the family disagree about care\n\n- someone needs to be appointed to make decisions about a specific issue over time, for example where someone will live\n\nRead the full guidance about when you need to make a personal welfare application.\n\n## Becoming a deputy\n\nYou can apply to be just one type of deputy or both. If you\u2019re appointed, you\u2019ll get a court order saying what you can and cannot do.\n\nWhen you become a deputy, you must send an annual report to the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made.\n\n## How to apply\n\nCheck you meet the requirements to be a deputy.\n\nSend the application forms to the Court of Protection and pay the application fee.\n\nYou do not need to be a deputy if you\u2019re just looking after someone\u2019s benefits. Apply to become an appointee instead.\n\n## Checks on your application\n\nThe Court of Protection will check:\n\n- whether the person needs a deputy or some other kind of help\n\n- there are no objections to your appointment\n\nIf you\u2019re appointed, the Office of the Public Guardian will help you carry out your responsibilities.\n\nYou\u2019ll continue to be a deputy until your court order is changed, cancelled or expires.\n\n## Other ways to make decisions for someone\n\nIf you want to make a single important decision, you can apply to the Court of Protection for a one-off order.\n\nIf the person already has a lasting power of attorney (LPA) or enduring power of attorney (EPA), they do not usually need a deputy. Check if they have an LPA or EPA before you apply.\n\n## Who can apply to be a deputy\n\nYou can apply to be a deputy if you\u2019re 18 or over. Deputies are usually close relatives or friends of the person who needs help making decisions.\n\nIf you want to become a property and affairs deputy, you need to have the skills to make financial decisions for someone else.\n\nThe court can appoint 2 or more deputies for the same person.\n\n## When there\u2019s more than one deputy\n\nWhen you apply, tell the court how you\u2019ll make decisions if you\u2019re not the only deputy. It will be either:\n\n- together (\u2018joint deputyship\u2019), which means all the deputies have to agree on the decision\n\n- separately or together (\u2018jointly and severally\u2019), which means deputies can make decisions on their own or with other deputies\n\n## Other types of deputy\n\nSome people are paid to act as deputies, for example accountants, solicitors or representatives of the local authority.\n\nThe Court of Protection can appoint a specialist deputy (called a \u2018panel deputy\u2019) from a list of approved law firms and charities if no one else is available.\n\n## Responsibilities\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019re responsible for helping someone make decisions or making decisions on their behalf.\n\nYou must consider someone\u2019s level of mental capacity every time you make a decision for them - you cannot assume it\u2019s the same at all times and for all kinds of things.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a court order from the Court of Protection which says what you can and cannot do. There are also general rules and examples in the Mental Capacity Act 2005 Code of Practice.\n\n## Guidance for all deputies\n\nWhen you\u2019re making a decision, you must:\n\n- make sure it\u2019s in the other person\u2019s best interests\n\n- consider what they\u2019ve done in the past\n\n- apply a high standard of care - this might mean involving other people, for example getting advice from relatives and professionals like doctors\n\n- do everything you can to help the other person understand the decision, for example explain what\u2019s going to happen with the help of pictures or sign language\n\n- add the decisions to your annual report\n\nYou must not:\n\n- restrain the person, unless it\u2019s to stop them coming to harm\n\n- stop life-sustaining medical treatment\n\n- take advantage of the person\u2019s situation, for example abuse them or profit from a decision you\u2019ve taken on their behalf\n\n- make a will for the person, or change their existing will\n\n- make gifts unless the court order says you can\n\n- hold any money or property in your own name on the person\u2019s behalf\n\n## Property and affairs deputies\n\nYou must make sure:\n\n- your own property and money is separate from the other person\u2019s\n\n- you keep records of the finances you manage on their behalf in your annual report\n\nYou may need to manage a Court Funds Office account on the other person\u2019s behalf.\n\nYou could be fined or sent to prison for up to 5 years (or both) if you mistreat or neglect the person on purpose.\n\n## Apply to be a deputy\n\nYou need to download and fill in all of the following:\n\n- an application form (COP1) - you\u2019ll need to send the original form plus a copy when you apply\n\n- an assessment of capacity form (COP3)\n\n- a deputy\u2019s declaration (COP4)\n\nYou also need to download and fill in:\n\n- a supporting information form (COP1A) if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy\n\n- a supporting information form (COP1B) if you\u2019re applying to be a personal welfare deputy\n\nYou must name at least 3 people in your application who know the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for. For example, their relatives, a social worker or doctor.\n\nThe court may not accept your application if you do not send the \u2018assessment of capacity\u2019 (COP3) form.\n\nIf you cannot get an assessment, you must download and fill in a witness statement (COP24) to explain why you think the person you\u2019re applying about lacks capacity.\n\nYou should keep a copy of every form you fill in.\n\n## Where to send your forms\n\nSend the forms, including 2 copies of the application form (COP1), to the Court of Protection with a cheque for the application fee.\n\n## Tell people named in your application\n\nThe court will aim to send you a stamped copy of your application within a week of receiving it. This means your application is being considered (it has been \u2018issued\u2019). You\u2019ll be sent a letter explaining what to do next.\n\nWithin 14 days of the application being issued, you must tell (sometimes called \u2018serving\u2019) the following people:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for\n\n- at least 3 people named in your application as having an interest, for example the person\u2019s relatives, social worker or doctor\n\nIf you cannot tell 3 people you should send in a witness statement (COP24).\n\n## Tell the person you\u2019re applying to be a deputy for\n\nYou or your representative must visit the person and tell them:\n\n- who\u2019s applying to be their deputy\n\n- that their ability to make decisions is being questioned\n\n- what having a deputy would mean for them\n\n- where to get advice if they want to discuss the application\n\nDuring the visit give them:\n\n- a completed proceedings notification form (COP14) - use the guidance notes to fill this in yourself\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\n## Tell people connected to your application\n\nYou must tell 3 people named on your application that it has been issued.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) - they\u2019ll need to complete this if they want to give their opinion on the application or provide evidence for or against it\n\n- any other documents related to your application\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax or email\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirming that you\u2019ve told people (\u2018served notice\u2019)\n\nWithin 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the relevant forms (sometimes called \u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for (COP20A)\n\n- other people named in the application (COP20B)\n\nSend them all together to the Court of Protection.\n\n## Fees\n\nYou must pay:\n\n- a fee to apply to be a deputy\n\n- a supervision fee every year after you\u2019ve been appointed\n\nYou may also have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy.\n\n## When you apply\n\nYou must pay a \u00a3365 application fee. Send this with your application form.\n\nYou need to pay the application fee twice if you\u2019re applying to become both types of deputy.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay \u00a3485 if the court decides your case needs a hearing. The court will tell you when you need to pay this.\n\nMake all cheques payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019.\n\n## Security bonds for property and affairs deputies\n\nYou may have to pay to set up a \u2018security bond\u2019 before you can be appointed as a property and affairs deputy. This is a type of insurance that protects the finances of the person you\u2019re a deputy for.\n\nYou do not have to set up a bond if either:\n\n- you\u2019re representing a local authority\n\n- the court decides it\u2019s not necessary, for example if the person\u2019s estate has a low value\n\nIf you need to set one up, you\u2019ll get a letter from the court telling you this. The letter will explain what to do next.\n\nYou set up the bond with a security bond provider. The amount you pay depends on:\n\n- the value of the estate of the person you\u2019re a deputy for\n\n- how much of their estate you control\n\nYou can pay it either:\n\n- using the person\u2019s money\n\n- yourself - you can get the money back from the person\u2019s estate once you have access to it\n\nYou may be prosecuted if you misuse the person\u2019s money.\n\n## After you\u2019ve been appointed\n\nYou must pay an annual supervision fee depending on what level of supervision your deputyship needs. You\u2019ll pay:\n\n- \u00a3320 for general supervision\n\n- \u00a335 for minimal supervision - this applies to some property and affairs deputies managing less than \u00a321,000\n\nYour annual supervision fee is due on 31 March for the previous year.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to pay a \u00a3100 assessment fee if you\u2019re a new deputy.\n\nThe Office of the Public Guardian will tell you how and when to pay your assessment and supervision fees.\n\nYou may be able to claim a refund of your fees in certain situations.\n\n## Getting help with your application fee\n\nYou may not have to pay an application fee depending on:\n\n- what type of deputy you\u2019re applying to be\n\n- how much money you or the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for has\n\n| Type of deputy | Whose finances will be assessed |\n\n| Property and financial affairs | Theirs |\n\n| Personal welfare | Yours |\n\nThe guidance has information about getting help with your fees.\n\nYou can claim back the fee from the funds of the person you want to be a deputy for if you\u2019re applying to be a property and affairs deputy.\n\nThe fee will be refunded if the person dies within 5 days of the Court of Protection receiving the application.\n\n## Getting help with your supervision fees\n\nYou can apply for an exemption or reduction of the fee if the person you\u2019re a deputy for gets certain benefits or has an income below \u00a312,000. Read the guidance that comes with the form and apply if the person meets the requirements. The address is on the form.\n\nIf the person you\u2019re deputy for dies, you pay the supervision fee for the part of the year when you acted as deputy. For example, you\u2019ll have to pay \u00a317.50 if your minimal supervision deputyship comes to an end after 6 months.\n\n## After you've applied\n\nThere\u2019s a 14-day wait after you tell the other people involved that you applied, in case they object.\n\nThe Court of Protection will then review your application and tell you if:\n\n- your application\u2019s been approved or rejected\n\n- you need to set up a security bond before you can be appointed\n\n- you have to provide more information to support your application, for example a report from social services\n\n- it\u2019s going to hold a hearing to get more information, for example if someone objected\n\nThere\u2019s usually no hearing if you applied to be a property and financial affairs deputy.\n\nRead guidance on how coronavirus (COVID-19) might affect your hearing and what you should bring.\n\n## Tell the person you want to be a deputy for about the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a notice with the date of the hearing if the court decides to hold one. You must visit the person you want to be deputy for and tell them about it:\n\n- within 14 days of getting the notice\n\n- at least 14 days before the date of the hearing\n\nGive them a completed notice about proceedings (COP14). Use the guidance notes to fill it in.\n\nYou must explain that they can contact Court of Protection staff for advice and assistance.\n\nWhen you\u2019ve told them, send a certificate of service (COP20A) to the Court of Protection within 7 days.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to pay a fee if the court makes a final decision at the hearing.\n\nThe guidance explains what to expect from a Court of Protection hearing.\n\n## When you're appointed\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a \u2018court order\u2019 telling you what you can and cannot do as a deputy. When you have this, you can start acting on the person\u2019s behalf.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the court order:\n\n- as soon as you\u2019re appointed - if you\u2019re a personal welfare deputy\n\n- after you set up a security bond - if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and have been asked to do this by the court\n\nYou\u2019ll need a separate court order before you can:\n\n- sell a property that\u2019s jointly owned if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy\n\n- make a one-off decision on anything else that\u2019s not covered by the court order\n\nCheck the court order. If there are any mistakes, download and fill in form COP9 with the details and send it to the court within 21 days of receiving the court order. There is no fee.\n\n## Tell people and organisations you\u2019re a deputy\n\nYou\u2019ll get official copies of the court order to send to banks and building societies, for example. These prove you\u2019re acting on behalf of the other person. When you send out an official copy, ask for it to be returned.\n\nOrder extra copies of the court order by writing to the Court of Protection. They cost \u00a35 each.\n\n## Start managing a bank account\n\nBefore you can manage an account, you must show the bank:\n\n- the original court order, or an official copy of it\n\n- proof of your name, for example your passport or driving licence\n\n- proof of your address, for example a gas, electricity or council tax bill, or letter from a government department\n\n- proof of the name or address of the person you\u2019re applying to be deputy for - if they\u2019re not the same as on the bank account\n\n## Court Funds Office accounts\n\nIf the person you\u2019re deputy for has money in a Court Funds Office account, you\u2019ll be sent information about how to access it.\n\nYou can also apply to open an account with the Court Funds Office if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy and it\u2019s in the person\u2019s best interests.\n\n## Record your decisions and transactions\n\nYou can start your annual report to record your decisions and transactions, such as paying bills.\n\n## Supervision, support and visits\n\nAs a deputy, you\u2019ll be supervised by the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG). They\u2019re authorised to contact you or visit you to check you\u2019re being an effective deputy. They can also give you advice and support.\n\n## How you\u2019ll be supervised\n\nNew deputies get a \u2018general\u2019 level of supervision for their first year.\n\nAfter that, if you\u2019re a property and affairs deputy you\u2019ll move to \u2018minimal\u2019 supervision if both:\n\n- you\u2019re managing less than \u00a321,000\n\n- you no longer need a general level of supervision\n\nYou\u2019ll pay a lower fee and have to write a shorter annual report than deputies with general supervision.\n\n## Supervision visits\n\nYou may be visited by a Court of Protection visitor to check if you:\n\n- understand your duties\n\n- have the right level of support from OPG\n\n- are carrying out your duties properly\n\n- are being investigated because of a complaint\n\nThe visitor will call you to arrange the visit and explain why they\u2019re visiting.\n\n## Contact OPG\n\nTell OPG if you\u2019re planning to make an important decision, for example you want to sell the property of the person you\u2019re deputy for so they can move into a care home.\n\n## Accounts, gifts and expenses\n\nYou must keep accounts and follow the rules for gifts and expenses if you\u2019re acting as deputy for someone else. You must also record the transactions in your annual report.\n\n## Accounts\n\nAs a property and affairs deputy, you must keep copies of:\n\n- bank statements\n\n- contracts for services or tradespeople\n\n- receipts\n\n- letters and emails about your activities as a deputy\n\n## Gifts\n\nYour court order will say if you can buy gifts or give gifts of money on behalf of the other person, including donations to charities. It will also say if there\u2019s an annual limit on how much money you can use for gifts.\n\nGifts must be reasonable. You need to make sure any gifts do not reduce the level of care the person you\u2019re deputy for can afford.\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if you want to make a one-off large gift for Inheritance Tax purposes, for example.\n\n## Expenses\n\nYou can claim expenses for things you must do to carry out your role as deputy, for example phone calls, postage and travel costs. You cannot claim:\n\n- travel costs for social visits\n\n- for the time spent carrying out your duties (unless you\u2019re a professional deputy, for example a solicitor)\n\nYou may be asked to give a detailed report of what you spent. You\u2019ll have to pay the money back if the Office of the Public Guardian finds your expenses are unreasonable. They may ask the court to stop you being a deputy if they think you\u2019ve been dishonest.\n\n## Complete your deputy report\n\nYou must write a report each year explaining the decisions you\u2019ve made as a deputy. You might be asked to do this more often if the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) needs additional information.\n\nYou may also need to write a final report if you stop being a deputy.\n\nIf you\u2019re a public authority or professional deputy using the service for the first time, you need to contact your case manager to register first. If you\u2019re a deputy for a friend or family member, you can create an account online.\n\nStart now\n\nOr you can download and fill in a paper annual report form. The address you need to send it to is on the form.\n\n## What to include\n\nYour report must include:\n\n- the reasons for your decisions and why they were in the best interests of the person you\u2019re deputy for\n\n- who you spoke to and why what they said was in the person\u2019s best interests\n\n- the finances of the person if you\u2019re their property and financial deputy\n\nThe OPG will tell you when it\u2019s time to send it.\n\nIf you do not send the report the OPG might:\n\n- increase your level of supervision\n\n- ask the court to replace you with a different deputy\n\n## Change your deputyship or make a one-off decision\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if you have to:\n\n- renew your deputyship\n\n- change your deputyship, for example make decisions that are not in the original order\n\n- make a one-off decision on something not covered by your court order\n\n## How to apply\n\nDownload and fill in both:\n\n- an application form (COP 1)\n\n- a witness statement form (COP24) with a copy of the current order appointing you as a deputy attached\n\nYour witness statement should include:\n\n- the total annual income of the person you\u2019re a deputy for including pensions\n\n- a summary of their assets, for example bank balances, savings, investments\n\n- details of property they own\n\n- the annual cost of their care and other regular items of major expenditure\n\n- the value of the security bond set by the court\n\n- a description of the circumstances that have led to the application being made\n\nSend the Court of Protection:\n\n- the completed forms\n\n- a cheque for the application fee - \u00a3365 - payable to \u2018HM Courts and Tribunals Service\u2019\n\nYou can apply for help paying the fee if you\u2019re getting certain benefits or on a low income.\n\nIf you need help with changing your deputyship, call the Court of Protection.\n\n## What happens next\n\nYou may have to notify other people about the change to the court order if the court tells you to.\n\nThey can object or ask the court to reconsider any proposed changes they do not agree with. They can do this:\n\n- before the court order is issued\n\n- up to 21 days after the court order is issued\n\n## End your deputyship\n\nIf you no longer want or need to be a deputy, download and fill in the application notice (COP1) and send it to the Court of Protection.\n\nIf the person has recovered mental capacity, download and fill in form COP 9. Send it to the Court of Protection with any supporting evidence, for example a doctor\u2019s letter.\n\nYou cannot stop being a deputy until you\u2019ve got the relevant court order.\n\n## If the person you\u2019re deputy for dies\n\nContact the Office of the Public Guardian (OPG) and the Court of Protection to tell them that the person has died.\n\nYou\u2019ll also have to send evidence to OPG that the person has died, for example a death certificate. Check the full list of evidence that OPG accepts.\n\nYour security bond will remain in force for 2 years after the death of the person you\u2019re a deputy for unless there\u2019s a court order cancelling it.\n\nContact the Court Funds Office if the person you were deputy for had an account with them.\n\nRead more about how to be a deputy.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/become-deputy", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Uncle appointed me as his deputy to run his businesses this is after he suffered an heart attack which left him mentally ill and paralysed. I have been running the business to his satisfaction.", + "original_question": "Will my power as his deputy be valid after he dies, providing that no one manages to get a court order overturning it?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2231", + "question": "Scenario: I own a property in the countryside and I have been abroad for over a year. Upon my return I found out that it had been occupied by squatters without my permission. I want them to leave my property, and to pay for the damage that they have caused while occupying it.\n\nQuestion: Can i apply for an interim possession order?\n\nDocument - Squatting and the law:\n## Overview\n\nSquatting is when someone deliberately enters property without permission and lives there, or intends to live there. This is sometimes known as \u2018adverse possession\u2019.\n\nSquatting in residential buildings (like a house or flat) is illegal. It can lead to 6 months in prison, a \u00a35,000 fine or both.\n\nAnyone who originally enters a property with the permission of the landlord is not a squatter. For example, if you\u2019re renting a property and fall behind with rent payments you\u2019re not squatting if you continue to live there.\n\nAlthough squatting in non-residential building or land is not in itself a crime, it\u2019s a crime to damage the property.\n\nIt\u2019s usually a crime not to leave land or property when you\u2019re instructed to do so by:\n\n- the owner\n\n- the police\n\n- the council\n\n- a repossession order\n\n## Squatting in non-residential properties\n\nA non-residential property is any building or land that is not designed to be lived in.\n\nSimply being on another person\u2019s non-residential property without their permission is not usually a crime. The police can take action if squatters commit other crimes when entering or staying in a property.\n\nCrimes include:\n\n- causing damage when entering the property\n\n- causing damage while in the property\n\n- not leaving when they\u2019re told to by a court\n\n- stealing from the property\n\n- using utilities like electricity or gas without permission\n\n- fly-tipping\n\n- not obeying a noise abatement notice\n\nContact the police if you see someone breaking into or damaging property.\n\n## Squatters' rights to property\n\nA long-term squatter can become the registered owner of property or land they\u2019ve occupied without the owner\u2019s permission.\n\nGet legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if you\u2019re a squatter in a property and want to claim ownership.\n\n## Who can apply\n\nYou can apply if you can prove:\n\n- you, or a succession of squatters, have occupied the property continuously for 10 years (12 years if it\u2019s not registered with HM Land Registry)\n\n- you (or your predecessors) acted as owners of the property for the whole of that time\n\n- you (or any of your predecessors) did not have the owner\u2019s permission, for example the property was not originally rented to a squatter\n\n## If the property\u2019s registered\n\nFill in a form for adverse possession.\n\nComplete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.\n\nSend your form and statement to the HM Land Registry Citizen Centre.\n\nHM Land Registry will decide if your application is valid and will let the property owner know. The owner has 65 days to object - your application will usually be automatically rejected if they do.\n\nYou\u2019ll be registered as the owner of the property if there\u2019s no objection.\n\nYou can apply again after 2 years if:\n\n- the owner has not tried to remove you\n\n- the property has not been reclaimed\n\n- you\u2019re still in possession of the property\n\nHM Land Registry will usually then register you as the owner.\n\n## If the property\u2019s unregistered\n\nComplete and sign a written \u2018statement of truth\u2019, or get a solicitor to prepare this for you.\n\nApply for first registration - include your statement with your application.\n\nHM Land Registry will:\n\n- inspect the property - you must pay a fee for this\n\n- decide if your application is valid\n\n- let the property owner know, if they have their details\n\nYou can try to come to an agreement with the owners if they object. HM Land Registry will arrange a tribunal to decide who owns the property if you cannot agree or do not want to.\n\nYou may have to pay the costs of the owner, such as their reasonable legal fees, no matter what the outcome.\n\n## Stop squatters legally possessing property\n\nHM Land Registry will tell you if squatters apply for legal ownership of your property if it\u2019s registered - you must take action if you want to keep it.\n\nGet legal advice from a conveyancer or solicitor if squatters try to claim your property.\n\nHow you block an application depends on whether your property is registered with HM Land Registry or not.\n\n## Registered properties\n\nYou\u2019ve 65 days to object to an application - HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.\n\nHM Land Registry will reject the squatters\u2019 application if you\u2019ve got a valid objection.\n\nYou must take action to remove the squatters and reclaim your property once the squatters\u2019 claim is rejected.\n\nYou will not be able to object again if you\u2019ve done nothing within 2 years of the original application and the same squatters reapply.\n\n## Unregistered properties\n\nYou can object to a squatter\u2019s application. HM Land Registry will tell you what you need to do.\n\nHM Land Registry may not be able to contact you if your property is not registered.\n\nHM Land Registry will decide if your objection is valid - if it is they\u2019ll ask if you want to negotiate with the squatters, for example offer to sell them the property. You\u2019ll be given time to do so.\n\nA tribunal will decide who owns the property if you cannot agree - HM Land Registry will arrange this.\n\n## Remove squatters\n\nYou can remove squatters using an interim possession order (IPO) or making a claim for possession.\n\nDo not try to remove the squatters yourself using force or the threat of force - you\u2019re committing a crime if you do.\n\nGet legal advice from a solicitor if you need help making a claim for possession.\n\n## Interim possession orders\n\nYou can only apply for an IPO if it\u2019s been 28 days or less since you found out your property\u2019s been squatted.\n\nFill in an application for an IPO and send it to your local county court.\n\nThe court will send you confirmation of your IPO within a few days. They will also send you documents that you must give to the squatters within 48 hours.\n\nAfter being served with an IPO squatters can be sent to prison if they do not:\n\n- leave your property within 24 hours\n\n- stay away from your property for 12 months\n\nTo get final possession of the property, you must make a claim for possession. You can do this on your IPO application form or separately online.\n\n## Exceptions\n\nYou cannot use an IPO if:\n\n- you\u2019re also making a claim for damages caused by the squatters - instead you should make an ordinary claim for possession\n\n- you\u2019re trying to evict former tenants, sub-tenants or licensees\n\n## Claim for possession\n\nMake a claim for possession if it\u2019s been more than 28 days since you found out about the squatters.\n\n## Where to get help\n\nYou may be classed as homeless if you\u2019re squatting. Get advice from Shelter or Shelter in Wales.\n\nYou can also contact your council for help.\n\n## Report squatters\n\nCall the police if you:\n\n- find people squatting in a residential property you own\n\n- see someone breaking into anywhere\n\n- think someone is squatting", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/squatting-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own a property in the countryside and I have been abroad for over a year. Upon my return I found out that it had been occupied by squatters without my permission. I want them to leave my property, and to pay for the damage that they have caused while occupying it.", + "original_question": "Can i apply for an interim possession order?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2236", + "question": "Scenario: I make homemade toffee and fudge to sell at a local market store. This is sold loose according to how much the customer wants. I use pounds to measure weight of my fudge.\n\nQuestion: Could I be in trouble if I sold the goods in imperial units?\n\nDocument - Weights and measures: the law:\n## Units of measurement\n\nYou must use metric measurements (grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres) when selling packaged or loose goods in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nThere are different rules in Northern Ireland.\n\nThe only products you can sell in imperial measures are:\n\n- draught beer or cider by pint\n\n- milk in returnable containers by pint\n\n- precious metals by troy ounce\n\nYou can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.\n\n## Specified quantities\n\nSome goods must be sold in fixed sizes known as \u2018specified quantities\u2019.\n\n## Alcohol\n\nThere are different rules depending on whether you\u2019re selling by the glass or bottle.\n\n## By the glass\n\n| | Measures |\n\n| Still wine | 125ml, 175ml, multiples of 125ml and 175ml |\n\n| Port, sherry or other fortified wine | 50ml, 70ml, multiples of 50ml or 70ml |\n\n| Gin, rum, vodka and whisky | Either 25ml and multiples of 25ml, or 35ml and multiples of 35ml (not both on the same premises) |\n\n| Draught beer and cider | Third, half, two-thirds of a pint and multiples of half a pint |\n\nThere are no specified quantities for sparkling wine or yellow wine by the glass or spirits other than gin, rum, vodka and whisky.\n\n## Packaged in bottles, boxes or similar\n\n| | Volume by millilitre (ml) |\n\n| Still wine | 100, 187, 250, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 |\n\n| Yellow wine | 620 |\n\n| Sparkling wine | 125, 200, 375, 750, 1500 |\n\n| Fortified wine | 100, 200, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 |\n\n| Spirit drinks | 100, 200, 350, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 1750, 2000 |\n\nYou can sell packaged alcohol in any volume if it\u2019s below the minimum or above the maximum allowed for specified quantities.\n\n| | Minimum (ml) | Maximum (ml) |\n\n| Still wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Yellow wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Sparkling wine | 125 | 1500 |\n\n| Fortified wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Spirit drinks | 100 | 2000 |\n\nThere are no specified quantities for packaged beer or cider.\n\n## Solid fuel\n\nYou can sell sealed bags of solid fuel in any size you wish but if you\u2019re selling it loose, you can only sell it in quantities of:\n\n- 25kg\n\n- 50kg\n\n- multiples of 50kg\n\n## Packaged goods\n\nPackaged goods are products that are all of these:\n\n- sold sealed\n\n- between 5g and 25kg or 5ml and 25 litres\n\n- the same weight or volume as other products of the same type\n\nThere are 2 ways to pack your products.\n\n## Minimum system\n\nYou can pack your products so that they contain at least the quantity displayed on the label. The packages can contain more than the label says, but not less.\n\n## Average system\n\nYou can pack your products to an average measurement that is on the label. You must check your packages to make sure a random sample is packed to meet all these rules - known as the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules\u2019:\n\n- the contents of the packages must not be less, on average, than the weight on the label\n\n- only a small number can fall below a certain margin of error, known as the \u2018tolerable negative error\u2019 (TNE)\n\n- no package can be underweight by more than twice the TNE\n\n| Quantity in grams and millilitres | TNE as % of quantity | TNE in grams or millilitres |\n\n| 5 to 50 | 9 | n/a |\n\n| 50 to 100 | n/a | 4.5 |\n\n| 100 to 200 | 4.5 | n/a |\n\n| 200 to 300 | n/a | 9 |\n\n| 300 to 500 | 3 | n/a |\n\n| 500 to 1,000 | n/a | 15 |\n\n| 1,000 to 10,000 | 1.5 | n/a |\n\n| 10,000 to 15,000 | n/a | 150 |\n\n| more than 15,000 | 1 | n/a |\n\nIf you\u2019re calculating the TNE as a percentage of the quantity, you must round up the weight or volume to the nearest 0.10 of a gram or millilitre.\n\nContact your local Trading Standards office for help with packing to the average system.\n\nRead the \u2018Weights and Measures (Packaged Goods) 2006\u2019 guidance for business for more information.\n\nYou must make sure packaged goods you\u2019re producing or importing are packed and labelled correctly.\n\nYou can be fined or sent to prison if you break the rules.\n\n## Equipment and records\n\n## Equipment for packaged goods\n\nThe equipment you use to weigh or measure your packaged goods has to be suitable. There are no hard and fast rules about what equipment you should use but you cannot use domestic scales to weigh goods you intend to sell.\n\nYour local Trading Standards office will tell you what is suitable equipment for your business sector.\n\nTrading Standards will check the weights and measures of your goods on your production line to make sure the equipment is accurate.\n\n## Records\n\nYou must keep records if you pack your products using the average system. You must record the results of your sample batches and show that they meet the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules.\n\nYou do not have to keep records if you measure every package or you use the minimum system to pack your products.\n\nYou must keep your records for at least one year from either the date you ship the packages or the \u2018use by\u2019 date on the package - whichever is shorter.\n\nYour local Trading Standards office can advise you about how to keep records.\n\n## Labelling packaged goods\n\nYou must put the weight or volume of your packaged goods on the label.\n\nThe quantity marking must be:\n\n- permanent\n\n- easy to see\n\n- meet a minimum height requirement\n\nYou can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.\n\n## Food\n\nRead the rules about what you must show on packaged food labels.\n\n## Exporting packaged goods\n\nYou must meet the rules for packaged goods in the country you\u2019re exporting to.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I make homemade toffee and fudge to sell at a local market store. This is sold loose according to how much the customer wants. I use pounds to measure weight of my fudge.", + "original_question": "Could I be in trouble if I sold the goods in imperial units?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2237", + "question": "Scenario: I run a door lock repair business. Due to the pandemic, there was not much work and borrowed some money from a small money lending firm and could not repay it and they have filed a court claim. The claimant has not accepted my offer of instalment payments.\n\nQuestion: I am prepared to pay the money in instalments. Will the court accept me paying in instalments ?\n\nDocument - Respond to a court claim for money:\n## How to respond\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or email if someone claims you owe them money. You must respond by the date on the email or letter you receive.\n\nYou can respond by:\n\n- paying the full amount\n\n- paying only what you think you owe\n\n- defending the claim (if you do not think you owe any money or you\u2019ve already paid)\n\nYou might have to pay more or get a county court judgment (CCJ) if you do not respond in time.\n\n## If you need more time to respond\n\nYou can ask for another 14 days to respond if you\u2019re defending the claim or paying only what you think you owe.\n\nDownload and fill in the acknowledgement of service form in the response pack.\n\nSend it to the court address on the claim form.\n\nThe process is different in Scotland.\n\n## Pay the full amount\n\nSend a cheque or postal order made payable to the person or business you owe money to (the \u2018claimant\u2019). Their name and address will be on the claim form.\n\nYou can also pay the claimant in person.\n\nKeep proof (for example, your bank records or a receipt from the claimant) to show you\u2019ve paid.\n\n## If you cannot afford to pay the full amount at once\n\nYou can offer to pay in instalments or by a certain date.\n\nDownload and fill in either:\n\n- form N9A if the claim is for a specified amount\n\n- form N9C if the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nYou must say how you want to pay (a certain amount per month for example) and send the completed form to the address on the claim form.\n\nIf the claimant does not accept your offer, the court will decide how you pay.\n\nYou can be taken to court and you may have to pay extra costs if you do not keep up the payments.\n\n## If the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nDownload and fill in admission form N9A. Either:\n\n- ask the court to decide how much you owe\n\n- offer to pay a certain amount\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing if you ask the court to decide or the claimant rejects your offer.\n\nThe court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## If you\u2019ve already paid\n\nYou must defend the claim if you\u2019ve already paid the claimant.\n\nYou might still have to pay court fees if you paid the claimant after they made the claim.\n\n## Pay some of the money\n\nIf you do not agree with the amount on the claim form, you can apply to the court to pay only what you think you owe.\n\nYou must send the court both:\n\n- an admission form to say how much you\u2019ll pay\n\n- a defence form to explain why you do not owe the full amount\n\nRespond online if the claim was made using Money Claim Online.\n\nOtherwise, which forms you fill in will depend on whether the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) or an unspecified amount.\n\n## The claim is for a specified amount\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- admission form N9A\n\n- defence form N9B\n\n## The claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- admission form N9C\n\n- defence form N9D\n\n## If your offer is rejected\n\nThe court will decide how much you owe.\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## Defend the claim\n\nYou can defend the claim if either:\n\n- you do not think you owe the other person or business any money\n\n- you\u2019ve already paid them\n\nYou can also make a claim against them (\u2018counterclaim\u2019) if you think they owe you money. You might have to pay a court fee.\n\nDownload and fill in either:\n\n- form N9B if the claim is for a fixed (\u2018specified\u2019) amount\n\n- form N9D if the claim is for an unspecified amount\n\nYou can respond online if the claim was made using an online service.\n\nThe court will decide whether you owe any money, and how much.\n\nYou might have to give more information at a hearing. The court will tell you when and where the hearing will take place.\n\n## Going to a court hearing\n\nIf there\u2019s a hearing, you can:\n\n- represent yourself\n\n- pay for a barrister or solicitor to represent you\n\n- ask someone to advise you in court - they do not have to be a lawyer\n\n- ask someone to speak on your behalf - you might need to get the court\u2019s permission\n\nYour hearing can be held in the judge\u2019s room or a courtroom in a county court if the claim is for less than \u00a310,000. There might be a more formal hearing if the claim is for more.\n\nDo not go to court if you have coronavirus (COVID-19) symptoms or if you\u2019re self-isolating or in quarantine. Tell the court if you cannot attend.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a decision on the day of the hearing. The court will also send you a copy of the decision by post.\n\n## Appeal the decision\n\nYou can ask to appeal the decision if you think the judge made a mistake during the hearing. You must ask within 21 days of the date the decision was made.\n\nFind out which court or tribunal to appeal to.\n\nContact Citizens Advice to get advice on appealing.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/respond-to-court-claim-for-money", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I run a door lock repair business. Due to the pandemic, there was not much work and borrowed some money from a small money lending firm and could not repay it and they have filed a court claim. The claimant has not accepted my offer of instalment payments.", + "original_question": "I am prepared to pay the money in instalments. Will the court accept me paying in instalments ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2239", + "question": "Scenario: I am self employed as a carer and often drive my own car to the homes of those I support. I have not yet claimed any of the expenses for my business profits.\n\nQuestion: Can I use a flat rate for my vehicle mileage when I calculate it at the end of the year?\n\nDocument - Simplified expenses if you're self-employed:\n## Overview\n\nSimplified expenses are a way of calculating some of your business expenses using flat rates instead of working out your actual business costs.\n\nYou do not have to use simplified expenses. You can decide if it suits your business.\n\n## Who can use simplified expenses\n\nSimplified expenses can be used by:\n\n- sole traders\n\n- business partnerships that have no companies as partners\n\nSimplified expenses cannot be used by limited companies or business partnerships involving a limited company.\n\n## Types of expenses\n\nYou can use flat rates for:\n\n- business costs for some vehicles\n\n- working from home\n\n- living in your business premises\n\nYou must calculate all other expenses by working out the actual costs.\n\n## How to use simplified expenses\n\n- Keep records your business miles for vehicles, hours you work at home and how many people live at your business premises over the year.\n\n- At the end of the tax year use the flat rates for vehicle mileage, working from home, and living at your business premises to work out your expenses.\n\n- Include these amounts in the total for your expenses in your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs. This will help you work out if simplified expenses suits your business.\n\n## Vehicles\n\nCalculate your vehicle expenses using a flat rate for mileage instead of the actual costs of buying and running your vehicle, for example insurance, repairs, servicing, fuel.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses for:\n\n- cars (except cars designed for commercial use, for example black cabs or dual control driving instructors\u2019 cars)\n\n- goods vehicles (for example, vans)\n\n- motorcycles\n\nYou cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.\n\n| Vehicle | Flat rate per mile with simplified expenses |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles first 10,000 miles | 45p |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles after 10,000 miles | 25p |\n\n| Motorcycles | 24p |\n\nYou do not have to use flat rates for all your vehicles. Once you use the flat rates for a vehicle, you must continue to do so as long as you use that vehicle for your business.\n\nYou can claim all other travel expenses (for example train journeys) and parking on top of your vehicle expenses.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Working from home\n\nCalculate your allowable expenses using a flat rate based on the hours you work from home each month.\n\nThis means you do not have to work out the proportion of personal and business use for your home, for example how much of your utility bills are for business.\n\nThe flat rate does not include telephone or internet expenses. You can claim the business proportion of these bills by working out the actual costs.\n\nYou can only use simplified expenses if you work for 25 hours or more a month from home.\n\n| Hours of business use per month | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 25 to 50 | \u00a310 |\n\n| 51 to 100 | \u00a318 |\n\n| 101 and more | \u00a326 |\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Living at your business premises\n\nA small number of businesses use their business premises as their home, for example a guesthouse, bed and breakfast or small care home.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses instead of working out the split between what you spend for your private and business use of the premises.\n\nWith simplified expenses you calculate the total expenses for the premises.\n\nThen use the flat rates to subtract an amount for your personal use of the premises, based on the number of people living on the premises and claim the rest as your business expenses.\n\n| Number of people | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 1 | \u00a3350 |\n\n| 2 | \u00a3500 |\n\n| 3+ | \u00a3650 |\n\nIf someone lives at your business premises for part of the year, you can deduct only the relevant flat rate for the months they live there.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am self employed as a carer and often drive my own car to the homes of those I support. I have not yet claimed any of the expenses for my business profits.", + "original_question": "Can I use a flat rate for my vehicle mileage when I calculate it at the end of the year?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2240", + "question": "Scenario: I have a medium sized dairy farm in England and am starting to sell my own milk. The milk will be packaged in glass bottles which the customers can later return.\n\nQuestion: Can I sell my milk in imperial pints without reference to metric measurements on the returnable glass bottles?\n\nDocument - Weights and measures: the law:\n## Units of measurement\n\nYou must use metric measurements (grams, kilograms, millilitres or litres) when selling packaged or loose goods in England, Scotland or Wales.\n\nThere are different rules in Northern Ireland.\n\nThe only products you can sell in imperial measures are:\n\n- draught beer or cider by pint\n\n- milk in returnable containers by pint\n\n- precious metals by troy ounce\n\nYou can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.\n\n## Specified quantities\n\nSome goods must be sold in fixed sizes known as \u2018specified quantities\u2019.\n\n## Alcohol\n\nThere are different rules depending on whether you\u2019re selling by the glass or bottle.\n\n## By the glass\n\n| | Measures |\n\n| Still wine | 125ml, 175ml, multiples of 125ml and 175ml |\n\n| Port, sherry or other fortified wine | 50ml, 70ml, multiples of 50ml or 70ml |\n\n| Gin, rum, vodka and whisky | Either 25ml and multiples of 25ml, or 35ml and multiples of 35ml (not both on the same premises) |\n\n| Draught beer and cider | Third, half, two-thirds of a pint and multiples of half a pint |\n\nThere are no specified quantities for sparkling wine or yellow wine by the glass or spirits other than gin, rum, vodka and whisky.\n\n## Packaged in bottles, boxes or similar\n\n| | Volume by millilitre (ml) |\n\n| Still wine | 100, 187, 250, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 |\n\n| Yellow wine | 620 |\n\n| Sparkling wine | 125, 200, 375, 750, 1500 |\n\n| Fortified wine | 100, 200, 375, 500, 750, 1000, 1500 |\n\n| Spirit drinks | 100, 200, 350, 500, 700, 1000, 1500, 1750, 2000 |\n\nYou can sell packaged alcohol in any volume if it\u2019s below the minimum or above the maximum allowed for specified quantities.\n\n| | Minimum (ml) | Maximum (ml) |\n\n| Still wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Yellow wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Sparkling wine | 125 | 1500 |\n\n| Fortified wine | 100 | 1500 |\n\n| Spirit drinks | 100 | 2000 |\n\nThere are no specified quantities for packaged beer or cider.\n\n## Solid fuel\n\nYou can sell sealed bags of solid fuel in any size you wish but if you\u2019re selling it loose, you can only sell it in quantities of:\n\n- 25kg\n\n- 50kg\n\n- multiples of 50kg\n\n## Packaged goods\n\nPackaged goods are products that are all of these:\n\n- sold sealed\n\n- between 5g and 25kg or 5ml and 25 litres\n\n- the same weight or volume as other products of the same type\n\nThere are 2 ways to pack your products.\n\n## Minimum system\n\nYou can pack your products so that they contain at least the quantity displayed on the label. The packages can contain more than the label says, but not less.\n\n## Average system\n\nYou can pack your products to an average measurement that is on the label. You must check your packages to make sure a random sample is packed to meet all these rules - known as the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules\u2019:\n\n- the contents of the packages must not be less, on average, than the weight on the label\n\n- only a small number can fall below a certain margin of error, known as the \u2018tolerable negative error\u2019 (TNE)\n\n- no package can be underweight by more than twice the TNE\n\n| Quantity in grams and millilitres | TNE as % of quantity | TNE in grams or millilitres |\n\n| 5 to 50 | 9 | n/a |\n\n| 50 to 100 | n/a | 4.5 |\n\n| 100 to 200 | 4.5 | n/a |\n\n| 200 to 300 | n/a | 9 |\n\n| 300 to 500 | 3 | n/a |\n\n| 500 to 1,000 | n/a | 15 |\n\n| 1,000 to 10,000 | 1.5 | n/a |\n\n| 10,000 to 15,000 | n/a | 150 |\n\n| more than 15,000 | 1 | n/a |\n\nIf you\u2019re calculating the TNE as a percentage of the quantity, you must round up the weight or volume to the nearest 0.10 of a gram or millilitre.\n\nContact your local Trading Standards office for help with packing to the average system.\n\nRead the \u2018Weights and Measures (Packaged Goods) 2006\u2019 guidance for business for more information.\n\nYou must make sure packaged goods you\u2019re producing or importing are packed and labelled correctly.\n\nYou can be fined or sent to prison if you break the rules.\n\n## Equipment and records\n\n## Equipment for packaged goods\n\nThe equipment you use to weigh or measure your packaged goods has to be suitable. There are no hard and fast rules about what equipment you should use but you cannot use domestic scales to weigh goods you intend to sell.\n\nYour local Trading Standards office will tell you what is suitable equipment for your business sector.\n\nTrading Standards will check the weights and measures of your goods on your production line to make sure the equipment is accurate.\n\n## Records\n\nYou must keep records if you pack your products using the average system. You must record the results of your sample batches and show that they meet the \u2018three packers\u2019 rules.\n\nYou do not have to keep records if you measure every package or you use the minimum system to pack your products.\n\nYou must keep your records for at least one year from either the date you ship the packages or the \u2018use by\u2019 date on the package - whichever is shorter.\n\nYour local Trading Standards office can advise you about how to keep records.\n\n## Labelling packaged goods\n\nYou must put the weight or volume of your packaged goods on the label.\n\nThe quantity marking must be:\n\n- permanent\n\n- easy to see\n\n- meet a minimum height requirement\n\nYou can display an imperial measurement alongside the metric measurement but it cannot stand out more than the metric measurement.\n\n## Food\n\nRead the rules about what you must show on packaged food labels.\n\n## Exporting packaged goods\n\nYou must meet the rules for packaged goods in the country you\u2019re exporting to.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/weights-measures-and-packaging-the-law", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have a medium sized dairy farm in England and am starting to sell my own milk. The milk will be packaged in glass bottles which the customers can later return.", + "original_question": "Can I sell my milk in imperial pints without reference to metric measurements on the returnable glass bottles?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2242", + "question": "Scenario: I am self employed as a carer and often drive my own car to the homes of those I support. I have claimed capital allowance on this vecihle.\n\nQuestion: Can I use a simplified expenses rate for my vehicle mileage when I calculate it at the end of the year?\n\nDocument - Simplified expenses if you're self-employed:\n## Overview\n\nSimplified expenses are a way of calculating some of your business expenses using flat rates instead of working out your actual business costs.\n\nYou do not have to use simplified expenses. You can decide if it suits your business.\n\n## Who can use simplified expenses\n\nSimplified expenses can be used by:\n\n- sole traders\n\n- business partnerships that have no companies as partners\n\nSimplified expenses cannot be used by limited companies or business partnerships involving a limited company.\n\n## Types of expenses\n\nYou can use flat rates for:\n\n- business costs for some vehicles\n\n- working from home\n\n- living in your business premises\n\nYou must calculate all other expenses by working out the actual costs.\n\n## How to use simplified expenses\n\n- Keep records your business miles for vehicles, hours you work at home and how many people live at your business premises over the year.\n\n- At the end of the tax year use the flat rates for vehicle mileage, working from home, and living at your business premises to work out your expenses.\n\n- Include these amounts in the total for your expenses in your Self Assessment tax return.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs. This will help you work out if simplified expenses suits your business.\n\n## Vehicles\n\nCalculate your vehicle expenses using a flat rate for mileage instead of the actual costs of buying and running your vehicle, for example insurance, repairs, servicing, fuel.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses for:\n\n- cars (except cars designed for commercial use, for example black cabs or dual control driving instructors\u2019 cars)\n\n- goods vehicles (for example, vans)\n\n- motorcycles\n\nYou cannot claim simplified expenses for a vehicle you\u2019ve already claimed capital allowances for, or you\u2019ve included as an expense when you worked out your business profits.\n\n| Vehicle | Flat rate per mile with simplified expenses |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles first 10,000 miles | 45p |\n\n| Cars and goods vehicles after 10,000 miles | 25p |\n\n| Motorcycles | 24p |\n\nYou do not have to use flat rates for all your vehicles. Once you use the flat rates for a vehicle, you must continue to do so as long as you use that vehicle for your business.\n\nYou can claim all other travel expenses (for example train journeys) and parking on top of your vehicle expenses.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Working from home\n\nCalculate your allowable expenses using a flat rate based on the hours you work from home each month.\n\nThis means you do not have to work out the proportion of personal and business use for your home, for example how much of your utility bills are for business.\n\nThe flat rate does not include telephone or internet expenses. You can claim the business proportion of these bills by working out the actual costs.\n\nYou can only use simplified expenses if you work for 25 hours or more a month from home.\n\n| Hours of business use per month | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 25 to 50 | \u00a310 |\n\n| 51 to 100 | \u00a318 |\n\n| 101 and more | \u00a326 |\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.\n\n## Living at your business premises\n\nA small number of businesses use their business premises as their home, for example a guesthouse, bed and breakfast or small care home.\n\nYou can use simplified expenses instead of working out the split between what you spend for your private and business use of the premises.\n\nWith simplified expenses you calculate the total expenses for the premises.\n\nThen use the flat rates to subtract an amount for your personal use of the premises, based on the number of people living on the premises and claim the rest as your business expenses.\n\n| Number of people | Flat rate per month |\n\n| 1 | \u00a3350 |\n\n| 2 | \u00a3500 |\n\n| 3+ | \u00a3650 |\n\nIf someone lives at your business premises for part of the year, you can deduct only the relevant flat rate for the months they live there.\n\nUse the simplified expenses checker to compare what you can claim using simplified expenses with what you can claim by working out the actual costs.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/simpler-income-tax-simplified-expenses", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am self employed as a carer and often drive my own car to the homes of those I support. I have claimed capital allowance on this vecihle.", + "original_question": "Can I use a simplified expenses rate for my vehicle mileage when I calculate it at the end of the year?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2243", + "question": "Scenario: I am a farmer in Oxfordshire. The farm includes several stable blocks, in which I rent out some of the space to nearby horse owners, who own them for recreational use.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to pay business rates on the stables?\n\nDocument - Business rates:\n## Overview\n\nBusiness rates are charged on most non-domestic properties, like:\n\n- shops\n\n- offices\n\n- pubs\n\n- warehouses\n\n- factories\n\n- holiday rental homes or guest houses\n\nYou\u2019ll probably have to pay business rates if you use a building or part of a building for non-domestic purposes.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What to pay and when\n\nYour local council will send you a business rates bill in February or March each year. This is for the following tax year. You can also estimate your business rates bill.\n\nYou can get help with business rates from:\n\n- your council if you have questions about your bill\n\n- the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you think your \u2018rateable value\u2019 is wrong\n\n## Relief schemes\n\nYou may be able to get business rates relief from your local council to reduce your bill. This is sometimes automatic, but you may need to apply.\n\nThe process depends on whether you\u2019re in England or Wales.\n\n## Who does not need to pay\n\nCertain properties are exempt from business rates, for example farm buildings or places used for the welfare of disabled people.\n\n## If you own a stable\n\nYou usually need to pay business rates on your stables, unless you use your horses for farming.\n\nYou may pay Council Tax instead if your stables are in your garden. Contact VOA to check if you\u2019re not sure which you should pay.\n\n## How your rates are calculated\n\nBusiness rates are worked out based on your property\u2019s \u2018rateable value\u2019.\n\nThis is its open market rental value on 1 April 2015, based on an estimate by the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\nYou can estimate your business rates by multiplying the rateable value by the correct \u2018multiplier\u2019 (an amount set by central government).\n\nYour bill will be reduced if your property\u2019s eligible for business rates relief.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## If you think your rates are wrong\n\nYou can ask for your property\u2019s rateable value to be corrected if you think it\u2019s wrong.\n\n## If you\u2019re asked to provide rental information\n\nThe VOA may ask you to provide rental information about your property so they can work out its rateable value.\n\nContact the VOA if you need more time to send in your rental information.\n\n## Revaluation\n\nAt revaluation, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) adjusts the rateable value of business properties to reflect changes in the property market.\n\nIt usually happens every 5 years. The most recent revaluation came into effect in England and Wales on 1 April 2017, based on rateable values from 1 April 2015.\n\nYou can check your valuation when you estimate your business rates.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland.\n\n## What happens at revaluation\n\nAt revaluation:\n\n- all properties are given a new rateable value\n\n- multipliers are revised\n\nThis means that a change in your rateable value does not always mean a change in your bill.\n\nTo make sure your valuations are accurate, you may need to give VOA up-to-date rental evidence for your property at revaluation.\n\n## Get business rates relief\n\nYou may be able to get a discount from your local council if you\u2019re eligible for business rates relief.\n\nFor example you may be able to get:\n\n- transitional relief so that changes to your bill as a result of revaluation are phased in gradually\n\n- small business relief so that you pay no business rates if your rateable value is below \u00a315,000\n\n## Get help with business rates\n\nYou may be able to get a discount from your local council on your business rates if you\u2019re eligible for one or more business rates relief schemes.\n\nFor help with your property\u2019s rateable value, contact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA).\n\nFor help with your business rates bill (for example to pay in instalments) or rate relief, contact your council.\n\n## Get professional advice\n\nYou can also get help from a qualified rating surveyor through one of the following organisations:\n\n- Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS)\n\n- Institute of Revenues, Rating and Valuation (IRRV)\n\n- Rating Surveyors Association\n\nYou may be charged for any advice you get from a rating surveyor right from the start.\n\nYou can call the RICS enquiry line for advice. The first 30 minutes are free.\n\n## If your business or premises change\n\nYour business rates could change if:\n\n- you move or make changes to your premises\n\n- the nature of your business changes\n\n- you sublet part of your property\n\n- you merge 2 or more properties into 1\n\nYou must report any changes to ensure you\u2019re paying the right amount and do not get a backdated increase in your bill.\n\nReport changes using the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) service in England or Wales.\n\nBusiness rates are handled differently in Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\n## If your premises are affected by local disruption\n\nYou may get a temporary reduction in your business rates if your premises are affected by severe local disruption (like flooding, building or roadworks).\n\nReport changes using the VOA service.\n\n## Working at home\n\nYou do not usually have to pay business rates for home-based businesses if you:\n\n- use a small part of your home for your business, for example if you use a bedroom as an office\n\n- sell goods by post\n\nYou may need to pay business rates as well as Council Tax if:\n\n- your property is part business and part domestic, for example if you live above your shop\n\n- you sell goods or services to people who visit your property\n\n- you employ other people to work at your property\n\n- you\u2019ve made changes to your home for your business, for example converted a garage to a hairdresser\u2019s\n\nContact the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) to find out if you should be paying business rates. In Scotland, contact your local assessor.\n\n## Pubs and licensed trade\n\nIn England and Wales, the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) works out your rateable value based on the annual level of trade (excluding VAT) that a pub is expected to achieve if operated in a reasonably efficient way.\n\nThis is called \u2018fair maintainable trade\u2019 and it\u2019s based on:\n\n- the type of pub or licensed premises\n\n- the area it\u2019s in\n\n- the services it offers, for example food, gaming, or sports screenings\n\nThe VOA also looks at rents and turnovers to work out the fair maintainable trade figure, then applies a percentage to work out the rateable value.\n\nThe percentages are agreed with the British Beer and Pub Association and they\u2019re in the VOA\u2019s pub guide.\n\nYou can read more about how the VOA values pubs and other licensed premises for business rates.\n\nContact the VOA if you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used.\n\nYou can also find and check your business rates valuation online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide details of turnover (excluding VAT) for all sources, such as liquor, food and gaming.\n\nYou can also use the online contact VOA service.\n\n## Scotland\n\nIn Scotland, your local assessor works out your rateable value.\n\nIf you want to check the figures they\u2019re using or do not agree with the figures being used, contact your local assessor.\n\n## Self-catering and holiday let accommodation\n\nIf your property is in England and available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year, it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates.\n\nIf your property is in Wales it will be rated as a self-catering property and valued for business rates if it\u2019s both:\n\n- available to let for short periods that total 140 days or more per year\n\n- actually let for 70 days\n\nThere are different rules in Scotland.\n\nThe Valuation Office will work out the rateable value of your property based on its type, size, location, quality and how much income you\u2019re likely to make from letting it.\n\nIf you only let one property and its rateable value is less than \u00a315,000 you may be eligible for small business rate relief.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/introduction-to-business-rates", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a farmer in Oxfordshire. The farm includes several stable blocks, in which I rent out some of the space to nearby horse owners, who own them for recreational use.", + "original_question": "Do I need to pay business rates on the stables?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2245", + "question": "Scenario: i am self employed and have a business with a UTR that is registered as a sole trader. i would like to enter the construction business but i'm finding it difficult to register for the constructin industry scheme.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for the scheme online as a sole trader?\n\nDocument - What you must do as a Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) subcontractor:\n## Overview\n\nYou should register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) if you work for a contractor and you\u2019re one of the following:\n\n- self-employed\n\n- the owner of a limited company\n\n- a partner in a partnership or trust\n\nUnder CIS, a contractor must deduct 20% from your payments and pass it to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC).\n\nThese deductions count as advance payments towards your tax and National Insurance bill.\n\nIf you do not register for the scheme, contractors must deduct 30% from your payments instead.\n\n## If you do not want deductions made\n\nIf you do not want deductions to be made in advance by contractors, you can apply for \u2018gross payment status\u2019. You can do this when you register for CIS.\n\nYou do not need to register for CIS if you\u2019re an employee. Check your employment status if you\u2019re not sure.\n\n## How to register\n\nTo register for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) you\u2019ll need:\n\n- your legal business name - you can also give a trading name if it\u2019s different to your business name\n\n- your National Insurance Number\n\n- the unique taxpayer reference number (UTR) for your business\n\n- your VAT registration number (if you\u2019re VAT registered)\n\nIf you\u2019re a subcontractor and a contractor (you pay subcontractors to do construction work), you\u2019ll need to register for CIS as both.\n\n## Register as a sole trader\n\nIf you\u2019re a sole trader and you already have a UTR, you can register for CIS online. You\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for Self Assessment (or another government service).\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status at the same time.\n\nIf you do not have a UTR, register as a new business for Self Assessment and choose \u2018working as a subcontractor\u2019 when prompted. You\u2019ll be registered for Self Assessment and CIS at the same time.\n\nYou can also call the CIS helpline to register.\n\n## Register as another type of business\n\nFill in the online form for limited companies or the online form for partnerships.\n\nHMRC will register the partnership separately to your sole trader registration. They will need the partnership UTR and trading name.\n\n## You are based abroad\n\nYou should still register for CIS if you are a subcontractor based abroad but do construction work in the UK.\n\n## Help and support\n\nCall the CIS helpline for help with registering.\n\nYou can also sign up for webinars and emails or watch videos from HMRC about CIS.\n\n## Get paid\n\nTo be paid correctly by a contractor, make sure you give them the exact same legal business name or trading name you gave when you registered for the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS). You should also give them your Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR) so they can verify you.\n\nIf you do not, this could affect how much you get paid.\n\n## Deduction rates\n\nWhen a contractor pays you under CIS, they\u2019ll normally make deductions at the standard rate of 20%.\n\nContractors will make deductions at a higher rate of 30% if:\n\n- you are not registered for CIS\n\n- they cannot verify you\n\n- you give the wrong name for your business\n\nYour contractor should give you monthly statements of payments and deductions. Use them to calculate whether you still owe tax and National Insurance to HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) or are due a refund.\n\n## Gross payment status\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS. This means the contractor will not make deductions from your payments and you\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.\n\n## What does not count as your pay\n\nContractors will not make a deduction from amounts you charge on your invoice for:\n\n- VAT\n\n- materials that you have paid for directly\n\n- equipment which is now unusable (\u2018consumable stores\u2019)\n\n- plant hired for the job\n\n- manufacturing or prefabricating materials\n\n## Pay tax and claim back deductions\n\nWhen you\u2019re registered with the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS), you\u2019re still responsible for paying the correct tax and National Insurance for your business, even if deductions have been made by contractors throughout the year.\n\nContractors will give you a monthly statement of what they\u2019ve paid you and deductions they\u2019ve made to help with your accounting.\n\n## Sole traders and partners\n\nAt the end of the tax year, send in your Self Assessment tax return as usual. You should record:\n\n- the full amounts on your invoices as income\n\n- any deductions contractors have made in the \u2018CIS deductions\u2019 field\n\nHM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will work out your tax and National Insurance bill and take off any deductions made by contractors.\n\nIf you still owe tax after this, you\u2019ll need to pay it by 31 January following the end of the tax year.\n\nIf you\u2019re due a tax refund, HMRC will pay the money back.\n\n## Limited companies\n\nIf you have gross payment status, declare all your income in your Corporation Tax return as usual.\n\nIf you pay CIS deductions, you must claim these back through your company\u2019s monthly payroll scheme. Do not try to claim back through your Corporation Tax return - you may get a penalty if you do.\n\n- Send your monthly Full Payment Submission (FPS) as usual to HMRC.\n\n- Also send an Employer Payment Summary (EPS). Enter the total CIS deductions for the year to date.\n\n- HMRC will take your CIS deductions off what you owe in PAYE tax and National Insurance. Pay the balance by the usual date.\n\nIf your company\u2019s PAYE bill for the period is reduced to zero and you still have some CIS deductions you have not been able to claim back, carry these forward to the next month or quarter (in the same tax year). Tell HMRC in the EPS that you have nothing to pay.\n\n## If HMRC thinks your claim is wrong\n\nHMRC may ask you to provide evidence for your CIS deductions or to change your claim.\n\nIf you do not do this by the deadline they give you, you will not be able to make any more claims in that tax year.\n\nYou can appeal HMRC\u2019s decision. They\u2019ll tell you how to do this.\n\n## Keep records\n\nYour company must keep a record of amounts claimed back against your monthly or quarterly PAYE bill.\n\nYou can use form CIS132 to do this or keep your own records.\n\n## If you paid too much in CIS deductions\n\nHMRC will pay back any deductions your company has not been able to claim back from its PAYE bill during the tax year.\n\n## If your company goes into administration\n\nIf your company goes into administration or liquidation, the person managing it should write to HMRC to ask for CIS deductions to be repaid straight away.\n\n## If you do not have all your CIS statements\n\nIf you have not received all the CIS statements you need from your contractor, you can ask them to send you replacement copies.\n\nIf the contractor you\u2019re working for stops trading and you have not been able to get all your CIS statements you should write to HMRC.\n\nInclude the following information:\n\n- your name, address and Unique Taxpayer Reference (UTR)\n\n- the name and address of the contractor\n\n- the contractor\u2019s tax reference - if you know it\n\n- the dates of the payments or the tax months when the contractor paid you\n\n- the reason why you do not have the statements or duplicates\n\n## How to get gross payment status\n\nYou can apply for gross payment status when you register for CIS.\n\nThis means contractors will pay you in full, without deductions. You\u2019ll pay all your tax and National Insurance at the end of the tax year.\n\nIf you\u2019re already registered for CIS, you can apply for gross payment status by calling the CIS helpline or applying online.\n\n## Apply for gross payment status online\n\n- Sign in to Government Gateway - you\u2019ll need the Government Gateway user ID and password you used when you registered for CIS. If you do not have a user ID, you can create one when you register for CIS.\n\n- From \u2018Your tax account\u2019, go to \u2018Other services\u2019.\n\n- Choose \u2018Construction Industry Scheme \u2013 Subcontractors\u2019.\n\n## To qualify\n\nYou must show HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) that your business passes some tests. You\u2019ll need to show that:\n\n- you\u2019ve paid your tax and National Insurance on time in the past\n\n- your business does construction work (or provides labour for it) in the UK\n\n- your business is run through a bank account\n\nHMRC will look at your turnover for the last 12 months. Ignoring VAT and the cost of materials, your turnover must be at least:\n\n- \u00a330,000 if you\u2019re a sole trader\n\n- \u00a330,000 for each partner in a partnership, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole partnership\n\n- \u00a330,000 for each director of a company, or at least \u00a3100,000 for the whole company\n\nIf your company\u2019s controlled by 5 people or fewer, you must have an annual turnover of \u00a330,000 for each of them.\n\nYou could be fined if you provide false information or help someone else to make a false application.\n\n## Paying tax when you have gross payment status\n\nYou must declare your payments as income at the end of the tax year in:\n\n- your Self Assessment tax return if you\u2019re a sole trader or partner\n\n- your Corporation Tax return if you own a limited company\n\n## Annual review\n\nIf you have gross payment status, HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) will review your business every year, to decide if you can keep your status.\n\nYou must be on time with your tax returns and payments to keep your gross payment status.\n\nIf you run a limited company, HMRC will review the company itself, rather than individual directors or shareholders.\n\n## You do not meet all the conditions\n\nYou could fail the review and HMRC will remove your gross payment status. You\u2019ll be allowed a small amount of late payments or returns.\n\nContact HMRC if you have problems paying your tax on time. If HMRC give you more time to pay, this will not affect your gross payment status.\n\n## You fail your review\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter explaining you\u2019re about to fail the review, along with the reasons why.\n\nIf you disagree, you can write back with your reasons.\n\nIf HMRC accept your explanation, they will not remove your gross payment status.\n\nIf you do not reply to the letter or HMRC does not accept your explanation, they\u2019ll write to explain:\n\n- what conditions you have not met\n\n- that they\u2019re withdrawing your gross payment status in 90 days\n\nIf you think HMRC have made the wrong decision, you have 30 days from the date of this letter to appeal.\n\n## Reapplying for gross payment status\n\nIf HMRC cancel your gross payment status, you need to wait a year from the date of the cancellation before you can reapply.\n\n## Changes you need to report\n\nReport changes by calling the Construction Industry Scheme (CIS) helpline.\n\nTell them if you:\n\n- change from a sole trader to a partnership\n\n- leave a partnership or company to become a sole trader\n\n- create a company or change your business to a company\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to register again for CIS - as you cannot transfer the registration from your old business structure.\n\nIf you have gross payment status, you\u2019ll need to apply again.\n\nYou must also tell HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) if you:\n\n- change your trading name\n\n- change your business, private or registered office address\n\n- stop trading\n\n- add new shareholders - HMRC may withdraw your gross payment status if you do not tell them within 30 days\n\n## Stop trading\n\nIf your business goes into administration it can keep receiving payments for work it\u2019s done under CIS. It should be paid in the same way that it was paid normally - either gross or under deduction.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/what-you-must-do-as-a-cis-subcontractor", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "i am self employed and have a business with a UTR that is registered as a sole trader. i would like to enter the construction business but i'm finding it difficult to register for the constructin industry scheme.", + "original_question": "Can I apply for the scheme online as a sole trader?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2252", + "question": "Scenario: I moved to the UK seven years ago. I had the right of movement due to being from France, an EU member state. I have been told that I am going to lose have my status revoked. I currently live in the UK. I have submitted an appeal form outlining the information I would like the tribunal to make their decision on.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to attend a hearing for my appeal?\n\nDocument - Appeal against a visa or immigration decision:\n## Overview\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if the Home Office has decided to:\n\n- refuse your protection claim (also known as \u2018asylum claim\u2019 or \u2018humanitarian protection\u2019)\n\n- revoke your protection status\n\n- refuse your human rights claim\n\n- refuse you a residence document or deport you under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016\n\n- revoke your British citizenship\n\n- refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- refuse or revoke your travel permit or family permit under the EU Settlement Scheme or restrict your rights to enter or leave the UK under those permits\n\n- refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker\n\n- refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re an S2 healthcare visitor\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\nIf you do not have the right to appeal, you might be able to ask the Home Office for an administrative review.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nHow you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.\n\n## If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser\n\nFor most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\nYou must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser\n\nFind out how to appeal from:\n\n- within the UK\n\n- outside the UK\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to appeal if you made your application before 6 April 2015.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou can get help and advice from a solicitor or an immigration adviser.\n\nYou can also contact Citizens Advice.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\nYou may be able to get asylum support (such as housing and money) if you\u2019ve been refused asylum.\n\nContact the tribunal if you have any questions about your appeal. The tribunal cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## Urgent appeal applications\n\nYou need to write to the tribunal with:\n\n- the reason why your case should be heard urgently\n\n- evidence of compelling or compassionate grounds, for example letters from a doctor or hospital\n\nYou should write \u2018expedite requests\u2019 on the top of any documents you send with your application.\n\nA judge will review your evidence and decide whether your application should be heard sooner than usual.\n\nYour application will only be reviewed if you\u2019ve paid your tribunal fee (if you need to pay one).\n\n## Where to send your application\n\nSend your reasons for the urgent appeal and evidence to the tribunal.\n\nContact the tribunal to check if your application has been received.\n\n## If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful\n\nYou can apply again for the EU Settlement Scheme, Frontier Worker permit or S2 Healthcare Visitor visa for free if you have new evidence to submit.\n\nOr you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.\n\nYou can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:\n\n- 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## Appeal from within the UK\n\nYou can only appeal to the tribunal if you have the legal right to appeal - you\u2019ll usually be told if you do in your decision letter.\n\nTalk to a solicitor or an immigration adviser if you\u2019re not sure.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\nYour decision letter will usually tell you if you can apply for an administrative review if you do not have the right to appeal.\n\nThe administrative review process is different if you applied for the EU Settlement Scheme, a Frontier Worker permit, or an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nHow you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.\n\n## If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser\n\nFor most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\nYou must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser\n\nYou have 14 days to appeal from the date the decision was sent.\n\nIf you apply after the deadline, you must explain why - the tribunal will decide if it can still hear your appeal.\n\nYou can appeal later if your administrative review was unsuccessful for a EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application. Your administrative review decision will tell you how to appeal.\n\nApply online if you can - online appeals are quicker than post or fax appeals.\n\n| What you\u2019re appealing | How you can appeal |\n\n| A decision to refuse your human rights claim or protection claim while you\u2019re in the UK | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to revoke your protection status | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse you a residence document or deport you, under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016 | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your family permit or travel permit under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re on a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision where you\u2019ve been detained in an Immigration detention centre and your decision letter was sent by the Home Office | By post or fax with form IAFT-DIA |\n\n| A decision where you\u2019ve been detained in prison and your decision letter was sent by the Home Office. | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to remove your British citizenship | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| Certain decisions about applications submitted before 6 April 2015 | Online or by post or fax with the relevant form |\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing by post or fax, download and fill in the relevant form. Send or fax it with copies of the documents that support your appeal to the address on the form.\n\n## Ask for an oral hearing\n\nYou can ask on your appeal form for a decision to be made either:\n\n- just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal\n\n- at a hearing that you and your representative can attend\n\nThe tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case and invited to attend.\n\nIf the tribunal does not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your appeal form and the documents.\n\nHearings are carried out in public. You can ask for it to be held in private or to attend by video link, but you must have a reason, for example a public hearing would put you in danger.\n\nYou can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.\n\n## Special requirements\n\nContact the Customer Enquiry Unit before your hearing if you need any special help, for example you need wheelchair access.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a380 without a hearing\n\n- \u00a3140 with a hearing\n\nYou may not have to pay if you:\n\n- get asylum support\n\n- get legal aid\n\n- get services from your local council and you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou can also get help with court fees if any of the following apply:\n\n- you have little or no savings\n\n- you\u2019re on certain benefits\n\n- you have a low income\n\nRead the tribunal fees guidance for more information.\n\nContact the tribunal if you\u2019re unsure if you have to pay a fee.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay your fee with a credit or debit card when you make your appeal online or by including your details on your appeal form.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already made your appeal you can also pay your fee online.\n\n## If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful\n\nIf you have new evidence to submit, you can:\n\n- apply for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- apply for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- apply for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nOr you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.\n\nYou can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:\n\n- 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## Appeal from outside the UK\n\nYou can only appeal to the tribunal if you have the legal right to appeal - you\u2019ll usually be told if you do in your decision letter.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been refused a tier 1, 2, 4 or 5 visa you will be able to ask for the decision to be reviewed at an administrative review - your refusal letter will usually tell you if you can.\n\nThe administrative review process is different if you applied for the EU Settlement Scheme, a Frontier Worker permit, or an S2 Healthcare Visitor visa.\n\nTalk to a solicitor or an immigration adviser if you\u2019re unsure whether you can appeal.\n\nRead the guide on representing yourself if you\u2019re not going to have a legal representative.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nHow you appeal depends on whether you\u2019re applying for yourself or if you\u2019re a legal professional appealing on behalf of a client.\n\n## If you\u2019re a solicitor or an immigration adviser\n\nFor most cases, you must appeal online using the MyHMCTS service. You\u2019ll need to create an account first if you do not have one.\n\nYou must only appeal using a paper form if your client is in detention or has been refused settled or pre-settled status under the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## If you\u2019re appealing for yourself without a solicitor or immigration adviser\n\nYou have 28 days to appeal after you get your decision. If you have to leave the country before you\u2019re allowed to appeal, you have 28 days to appeal once you\u2019ve left the country.\n\nIf you apply after the deadline, you must explain why - the tribunal will decide if it can still hear your appeal.\n\nYou can appeal later if your administrative review was unsuccessful for a EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application. Your administrative review decision will tell you how to appeal.\n\nApply online if you can - online appeals are quicker than post or fax appeals.\n\n| What you\u2019re appealing | How you can appeal |\n\n| A decision to refuse a human rights claim for entry clearance | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6 |\n\n| A decision to refuse a human rights claim or protection claim (where you can only apply after you\u2019ve left the country) | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-7 |\n\n| A decision to refuse you a residence document or deport you, under the Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016 | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your status, vary the length or condition of your stay, or deport you under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your family permit or travel permit under the EU Settlement Scheme | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-6 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your permit, or deport you if you\u2019re a frontier worker | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| A decision to refuse or revoke your leave, or deport you if you\u2019re on a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa | Online or by post or fax with form IAFT-5 |\n\n| Certain decisions about applications submitted before 6 April 2015 | Online or by post or fax with the relevant form |\n\nIf you\u2019re appealing by post or fax, download and fill in the relevant form. Send or fax it with copies of the documents that support your appeal to the address on the form.\n\n## Ask for an oral hearing\n\nYou can ask on your appeal form for a decision to be made either:\n\n- just on the information in your appeal form and any documents supplied to the tribunal\n\n- at a hearing that your representatives can attend\n\nThe tribunal can decide to have a hearing even if you do not ask for one. You\u2019ll be told if this is the case.\n\nIf the tribunal does not hold a hearing, a judge will decide your case based on your appeal form and documents.\n\nHearings are carried out in public. You can ask for it to be held in private or to attend by video link, but you must have a reason, for example a public hearing would put you in danger.\n\nYou can ask for a male or female judge if you think there are issues in your appeal that make it appropriate. The tribunal will decide if it can do this.\n\n## Special requirements\n\nContact the Customer Enquiry Unit before your hearing if any special help is needed, for example someone attending on your behalf needs wheelchair access.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs:\n\n- \u00a380 without a hearing\n\n- \u00a3140 with a hearing\n\nYou may not have to pay if you get legal aid.\n\nRead the tribunal fees guidance for more information.\n\nContact the tribunal if you\u2019re not sure if you have to pay a fee.\n\n## How to pay\n\nYou can pay your fee with a credit or debit card when you make your appeal online or by including your details on your appeal form.\n\nIf you\u2019ve already made your appeal you can also pay your fee online.\n\n## If your EU Settlement Scheme, frontier worker or S2 healthcare visitor application is unsuccessful\n\nIf you have new evidence to submit, you can:\n\n- apply for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- apply for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- apply for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\nIt\u2019s free to apply.\n\nOr you can ask the Home Office for an administrative review. This costs \u00a380. You\u2019ll usually get a decision within 28 days. Your decision letter will tell you if you can apply.\n\nYou can appeal to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber). This costs \u00a380 without a hearing and \u00a3140 with a hearing.\n\nYou can only appeal a decision if you made your application after:\n\n- 11pm on 31 January 2020, for the EU Settlement Scheme\n\n- 10 December 2020, for a Frontier Worker permit\n\n- 11pm on 31 December 2020, for a S2 Healthcare Visitor visa\n\n## Applications made before 6 April 2015\n\nYou might be able to appeal against a decision made by the Home Office if you submitted your application before 6 April 2015 and it was refused.\n\n## Tier 1, 2 or 5 migrants and family members\n\nYou can make an appeal if you applied for leave to remain as a Tier 1, 2 or 5 migrant or family member before 2 March 2015 and your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015.\n\nYou can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.\n\nAppeal online or by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Tier 4 migrants and family members\n\nYou can make an appeal if you applied for permission to remain as a Tier 4 migrant or family member before 20 October 2014 and your application was refused on or after 6 April 2015.\n\nYou can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.\n\nAppeal online or by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Other decisions\n\nYou can appeal against certain other Home Office decisions if you applied before 6 April 2015 and your application was refused on or after the same date.\n\nYou can only do this if the Home Office\u2019s decision did not include refusing an asylum or human rights claim.\n\n## Leave to enter\n\nYou can appeal online if your application for leave to enter was refused.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Vary your leave to enter or remain\n\nYou can appeal online if your application to change (\u2018vary\u2019) the length and conditions of your stay in the UK was refused. You can only do this if your application being refused means you do not have permission (\u2018leave\u2019) to enter or remain in the UK.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## Entry clearance\n\nYou can appeal online if your application for entry clearance was refused.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with form IAFT-2.\n\n## Certificate of entitlement\n\nYou can appeal online if your application for a certificate of entitlement to prove you have a right of abode in the UK was refused.\n\nYou can also appeal by post or fax with:\n\n- form IAFT-1 if you\u2019re in the UK\n\n- form IAFT-3 if you\u2019ve left the UK\n\n## If there's a hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll get a letter or email with details of how to attend your hearing. You may be asked to attend in person at a tribunal building, or asked to attend remotely by a video link or by phone.\n\nIf you\u2019ll be attending remotely, the letter or email will tell you how to prepare for this.\n\nYou can check the daily courts lists on the day of your hearing to find out if anything has changed.\n\nIf you cannot attend yourself you can ask someone to represent you and ask witnesses to attend.\n\nYou may have to give evidence at the hearing and answer questions.\n\nYou may need to take part in a \u2018pre-hearing\u2019, where the tribunal will check that you\u2019re ready for a full hearing.\n\nThe hearing will normally be attended by:\n\n- a judge, sometimes with other tribunal members\n\n- a clerk and other tribunal staff, to help run the hearing\n\n- your representative, if you have one\n\n- a Home Office \u2018presenting officer\u2019, who will argue the case for the Home Office\n\n- any witnesses called to give evidence\n\n- an interpreter, if you\u2019ve asked for one\n\nIt can also normally be attended by:\n\n- your sponsor, if you have one\n\n- members of the public\n\n- the press or media\n\n## If your appeal cannot be resolved at the hearing\n\nIf your appeal is not held on its scheduled day for any reason (for example there is not a judge available) it\u2019ll be rescheduled for another day.\n\nYour hearing may also be adjourned as \u2018part heard\u2019 if there is not enough time to finish it, or it cannot be resolved on the day. The tribunal will arrange another hearing with the same people present.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a decision in person or by post.\n\nThe tribunal will either decide to:\n\n- allow your appeal - this does not automatically mean you\u2019ll be able to enter or stay in the country and may simply mean the Home Office has to reconsider its decision\n\n- dismiss your appeal and uphold the Home Office\u2019s original decision\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a copy of the tribunal\u2019s decision within 4 weeks of the hearing.\n\nBoth you and the Home Office can appeal the decision of the tribunal.\n\nThe tribunal can order either you or the Home Office to pay the other\u2019s costs if either of you has acted unreasonably.\n\n## If you win your appeal\n\nThe Home Office will change (\u2018revise\u2019) its decision if you win your appeal. The Home Office may reconsider your entire application if your circumstances have changed since you first made your appeal.\n\nThe judge may order the Home Office to pay you a \u2018fee award\u2019 if you win your appeal, up to the amount you paid for your tribunal fee.\n\nEmail the Home Office if you do not get your fee award after 60 days.\n\nInclude the following information:\n\n- your Home Office reference number\n\n- your appeal reference number\n\n- the date of the tribunal decision letter\n\n## If you lose your appeal\n\nYou can ask for permission to appeal to the Upper Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) if you lose your case and you think there\u2019s a legal mistake with the tribunal\u2019s decision.\n\nFor example, you think the tribunal:\n\n- got the law wrong\n\n- do not apply the correct law\n\n- do not follow the correct procedures, which affected the decision\n\n- had no evidence to support its decision\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nRead the rules the tribunal must follow and the guidance it\u2019s issued.\n\nAll parties must follow the rules and process in the Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) Rules 2014.\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on legislation, including the:\n\n- Immigration Act 1971\n\n- Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002\n\n- Immigration, Asylum and Nationality Act 2006\n\n- Tribunals, Courts and Enforcement Act 2007\n\n- UK Borders Act 2007\n\n- Borders, Citizenship and Immigration Act 2009\n\n- Immigration Rules\n\n- Immigration (European Economic Area) Regulations 2016\n\nThe tribunal fees are set out in the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber) Fees Order 2011.\n\nThe president of the tribunal has issued guidance which provides more detail on certain issues.\n\nThere are also older guidance notes for the Asylum and Immigration Tribunal which still apply to the First-tier Tribunal (Immigration and Asylum Chamber).\n\nCheck the decisions database to see how previous decisions on appeals have been made by the Immigration and Asylum Chamber.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/immigration-asylum-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I moved to the UK seven years ago. I had the right of movement due to being from France, an EU member state. I have been told that I am going to lose have my status revoked. I currently live in the UK. I have submitted an appeal form outlining the information I would like the tribunal to make their decision on.", + "original_question": "Do I need to attend a hearing for my appeal?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2253", + "question": "Scenario: I have lost a land case to my neighbor who acquired it through fraud. I didn't receive timely court proceedings and I am saddened by the decision.\n\nQuestion: Can i appeal the decision considering it is not satisfactory to me?\n\nDocument - Apply to the land registration tribunal:\n## Overview\n\nYou need to apply to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber (First-tier Tribunal) if you want to correct or cancel certain documents relating to registered land.\n\nYou may also be referred to the tribunal by HM Land Registry if you\u2019re in a dispute over a change to the land register (known as a \u2018reference case\u2019).\n\nIf you want to change the title register or title plan, contact HM Land Registry directly.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government. A judge will listen to both sides of the argument before making a decision.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nYou may want to get help and advice before you appeal, for example from a lawyer.\n\n## Apply to the tribunal\n\nApply to the tribunal if you want to correct or cancel (sometimes known as \u2018set aside\u2019) certain documents relating to registered land. You can also object to someone else\u2019s application. These are known as \u2018rectification cases\u2019.\n\n## Apply to make a change to a document\n\nDownload and fill in the application form and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou must also include a statement saying that you believe that the facts stated in the application are true.\n\nThe tribunal will then send, or tell you to send, a copy of the application to all other interested parties.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told whether there\u2019ll be a hearing to decide your case.\n\n## Object to a change of a document\n\nDownload and fill in the objection form and send it to the address given in the form.\n\nYou must send the form within 28 days of getting your copy of an application to change the register.\n\nYour response must include your reasons for objecting to the application, giving all relevant facts and evidence\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include a list of and copies of all documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- the tribunal and all interested parties will need to understand the case\n\nYou\u2019ll be told by the tribunal if there\u2019ll be a hearing to decide your case.\n\n## Get help\n\nYou can get help with the appeal process and forms by contacting the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## Being referred to the tribunal\n\nYour case may be referred to the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber if somebody disputes your application to HM Land Registry. This is known as a \u2018reference case\u2019.\n\nBoth parties will be sent a letter by the tribunal after your case has been referred by HM Land Registry.\n\nThe letter will explain whether you\u2019re the \u2018applicant\u2019 or the \u2018respondent\u2019. Generally, you\u2019ll be named as the applicant if the tribunal thinks you\u2019re the party that needs to prove its case.\n\n## Making a \u2018statement of case\u2019\n\n## Applicants\n\nYou have 28 days after getting the letter to send your \u2018statement of case\u2019 to the tribunal and the respondent. The letter will tell you where to send your statement.\n\nYour statement must include:\n\n- your name and address (and an address where documents can be sent to you)\n\n- the name and address of your legal representative (if you have one)\n\n- your reasons for supporting or objecting to the original application to HM Land Registry, giving all relevant facts and evidence\n\nYou need to include copies of documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- are needed to understand the case\n\nYou also need to include a list of the documents.\n\nAfter the other parties have responded to the tribunal, you\u2019ll be told if there\u2019s going to be a hearing.\n\n## Respondents\n\nYou have 28 days after getting the applicants \u2018statement of case\u2019 to send your own case to the tribunal and the applicant.\n\nYour statement must include your reasons for supporting or objecting to the original application to HM Land Registry, giving all relevant facts and evidence.\n\nYou need to include copies of all documents that:\n\n- are important to your case\n\n- are needed to understand the case\n\nYou also need to include a list of these documents.\n\nThe tribunal will then contact you to tell you if there\u2019s going to be a hearing.\n\n## Starting court proceedings\n\nYou or the other party can be ordered by the tribunal to start court proceedings at any time. This will happen if the tribunal cannot handle your case.\n\nYou can also contact the tribunal and ask them to make the other party start court proceedings, or voluntarily start proceedings yourself.\n\n## Get help\n\nYou can get help with the appeal process and forms by contacting the Land Registration division of the Property Chamber. The helpline cannot give you legal advice.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou may have to attend a hearing where you (or your legal representative) and the other parties will present your cases to a judge.\n\nThe judge will decide:\n\n- which party wins the case\n\n- if any costs are payable by one party to another\n\nYou\u2019ll usually be told the outcome of the case within 42 days of the hearing.\n\n## Preparing for the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be told the time and date of the hearing and where its being held. You\u2019ll usually be told at least 14 days beforehand if there\u2019s going to be a hearing. Hearings can be held sooner than this under exceptional circumstances or if all parties agree to a shorter notice period.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent instructions on how to prepare and exchange evidence after all the parties have given their statements of case.\n\n## Decisions without hearings\n\nThe tribunal may make a decision without a hearing if all the people involved agree or if no one objects once given notice.\n\nThe people involved can also ask the tribunal to make a decision without a hearing.\n\n## Getting a time extension\n\nYou can ask for a time extension at any point in the proceedings.\n\nYou should ask all other parties involved to agree to an extension before applying to the tribunal.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou can appeal to the Upper tribunal (Land Chamber) if you\u2019re not happy with the verdict. You must ask the First-tier Tribunal for permission first.\n\nYou can also ask the First-tier Tribunal to set aside their decision if you think there was a problem with the tribunal\u2019s procedure, for example you did not receive a notice of a hearing.\n\nRead guidance on how to challenge a decision for details.\n\nYou can complain about the tribunal staff or the service you received. You cannot complain about the decision.\n\n## Legislation and previous decisions\n\nYou can read the rules the tribunal must follow and its decisions on previous cases if you\u2019re representing yourself or someone else.\n\nThe tribunal will make a decision based on the Land Registration Act 2002.\n\nThe tribunal must follow the rules and process in:\n\n- Tribunal Procedure (First-tier Tribunal) (Property Chamber) Rules 2013\n\n- Practice Directions issued by the Senior President of Tribunals (30 July 2013) (PDF, 49KB)\n\n- Practice Statement issued by the Senior President of Tribunals (8 August 2017) (PDF, 0.1MB)\n\nYou can also search the decisions database to see how and why previous decisions have been made.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/apply-land-registration-tribunal", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have lost a land case to my neighbor who acquired it through fraud. I didn't receive timely court proceedings and I am saddened by the decision.", + "original_question": "Can i appeal the decision considering it is not satisfactory to me?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2254", + "question": "Scenario: My neighbor was attacked and raped by two gangsters at night in her house.she later identified them and were jailed. She just received news that they are on parole and soon will be released. She is extremely distressed about the situation and would like to do everything to keep them in jail. Unfortunately her mental state might not allow her to fight her case on her own.\n\nQuestion: Can she ask someone else to make a victim personal statement to the parole board?\n\nDocument - Make a victim personal statement to the Parole Board:\n## Who can make a victim personal statement and when\n\nThe Parole Board decides if prisoners who are eligible for parole can be released. It also makes recommendations on whether it\u2019s safe for prisoners to be:\n\n- transferred to an open prison\n\n- given a temporary release under supervision (known as being \u2018on licence\u2019 or probation)\n\n## Victims\n\nYou can make a \u2018victim personal statement\u2019 to be presented at the Parole Board hearing if you\u2019re a victim of the prisoner.\n\nThis is sometimes known as an \u2018impact statement\u2019.\n\nIf you\u2019re in Scotland, you need to make a written representation to the Parole Board for Scotland.\n\nYou can use your statement to explain how the crime has affected you - from the time it was committed until now.\n\nThis includes the effect the crime has had on you and your family:\n\n- physically\n\n- mentally\n\n- emotionally\n\n- financially\n\n## Relatives of victims\n\nYou can make a victim personal statement if you\u2019re a close relative of a victim who:\n\n- has died\n\n- is aged under 18\n\n- cannot make a statement themselves - for example, because of mental incapacity or illness\n\nClose relatives include spouses and partners, parents, children, grandparents, grandchildren, siblings and dependants. Other family members, guardians and carers of victims may also be allowed to make a statement.\n\nWhen more than one relative wants to make a statement, the Parole Board may ask for 1 or 2 statements to represent them all.\n\n## When to make your victim personal statement\n\nIf you choose to join the Victim Contact Scheme, your Victim Liaison Officer will tell you when a prisoner is being considered for parole.\n\nThey\u2019ll tell you when to write your victim personal statement. They\u2019ll also send it to the Parole Board for you at least 28 days before the hearing.\n\nIf you did not join the Victim Contact Scheme, you can contact your local probation office about:\n\n- giving a statement\n\n- joining the scheme if you want to be told when a prisoner is being considered for release or transfer\n\nThe Parole Board has more information about making a victim personal statement and joining the Victim Contact Scheme.\n\n## How a victim personal statement is used\n\nThe Parole Board panel makes a decision based on whether a prisoner is a risk to the public.\n\nThe panel can use your victim personal statement to help it:\n\n- understand the impact of the crime\n\n- decide what questions to ask the prisoner, to find out about their understanding of how their crimes have affected victims\n\n- decide what the prisoner can and cannot do (known as \u2018licence conditions\u2019) if they\u2019re released\n\nThe Parole Board will make its decision by:\n\n- privately reviewing a file of information and reports about the prisoner\n\n- holding a hearing, if the board needs more information\n\nYou can ask to attend the hearing to read out your statement if you want, or have it read out for you. The Parole Board decides if you can attend.\n\n## Write your victim personal statement\n\nYour victim personal statement is your opportunity to explain how a crime has affected you and your family - for example, physically, emotionally, financially or in any other way.\n\nYou can update the statement that you wrote for the prisoner\u2019s trial or write a new one.\n\nYour statement should take less than 10 minutes to read out.\n\nYou can usually choose how your statement is presented at an oral hearing.\n\nYou must always submit a written version of your statement.\n\n## What to include\n\nYou need to include how the:\n\n- crime affected you at the time\n\n- crime has affected you since it happened\n\n- prisoner\u2019s release or move to an open prison would affect you, your family, friends or community\n\nDo not include:\n\n- whether you think the prisoner should be released\n\n- long descriptions of the original crime\n\n- any threats or critical comments to or about the prisoner or the Parole Board\n\nTell your Victim Liaison Officer if you think you have other information that will help the Parole Board make a decision.\n\n## Young victims and children\n\nIf you do not want to or cannot make a written victim personal statement, you can tell your Victim Liaison Officer about how:\n\n- you and your family were hurt\n\n- the crime makes you feel now\n\n- you think you would feel if the prisoner was released\n\nYour Victim Liaison Officer will write this down and give it to the Parole Board.\n\nYour parent or guardian can also make a statement if they want to.\n\n## The prisoner\u2019s access to your victim personal statement\n\nPrisoners usually have full access to all victim personal statements presented at their hearing.\n\nSpeak to your Victim Liaison Officer if you do not want the prisoner to have access to your statement.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to make a good case that it will:\n\n- put you or your family at risk\n\n- have a negative effect on you in some other way\n\nStatements are only withheld from prisoners under exceptional circumstances.\n\n## Choose how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have a choice of how your victim personal statement is presented at the hearing.\n\nYou can ask:\n\n- for the Parole Board panel to read your statement themselves\n\n- to attend the hearing and read out your statement in person\n\n- to attend the hearing and choose someone else to read out your statement\n\n- to choose someone to go the hearing instead of you and read out your statement\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19) you cannot currently attend hearings in person. You will have to submit your statement remotely.\n\nAt some hearings you may be able to read out your statement via a live video link or make a recording for the panel.\n\nRequests by victims to attend hearings are usually granted, but it\u2019s not a legal right and you can be refused.\n\nYou can usually bring your Victim Liaison Officer or a family member or friend if you come to the hearing.\n\nPeople under 18 years of age usually cannot attend parole hearings in person and must choose one of the other options, such as getting someone else to read out your statement.\n\n## What happens at a parole hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll be asked to read out your victim personal statement (unless someone else is reading it for you).\n\nYou will not be able to add anything to your written statement at the hearing and will not usually be asked questions.\n\nAfter you\u2019ve made your statement you\u2019ll be asked to leave and the hearing will continue.\n\nYour Victim Liaison Officer will tell you the outcome.\n\nRead the guide on getting parole for detailed information on what happens at a parole hearing.\n\n## Prisoners at parole hearings\n\nPrisoners are usually not present while their victims read their statements. The prisoner\u2019s legal representative is usually there.\n\nYou can ask that the prisoner is present while you read your statement, but they\u2019ll need to agree to this and the Parole Board has to allow it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/make-a-statement-to-the-parole-board", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My neighbor was attacked and raped by two gangsters at night in her house.she later identified them and were jailed. She just received news that they are on parole and soon will be released. She is extremely distressed about the situation and would like to do everything to keep them in jail. Unfortunately her mental state might not allow her to fight her case on her own.", + "original_question": "Can she ask someone else to make a victim personal statement to the parole board?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2257", + "question": "Scenario: I participated in an employment tribunal against my employer with a group of colleagues back in October of 2016. I was not lead claimant, but I did pay for the tribunal fees.\n\nQuestion: Am I able to get a refund on the tribunal fees?\n\nDocument - Make a claim to an employment tribunal:\n## When you can claim\n\nYou can make a claim to an employment tribunal if you think someone has treated you unlawfully, such as your employer, a potential employer or a trade union.\n\nUnlawful treatment can include:\n\n- unfair dismissal\n\n- discrimination\n\n- unfair deductions from your pay\n\nThis guide and the online service are also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou usually have to make a claim to the tribunal within 3 months of your employment ending or the problem happening.\n\nThe tribunal is independent of government and will listen to you (the \u2018claimant\u2019) and the person you\u2019re making a claim against (the \u2018respondent\u2019) before making a decision.\n\nSee if there\u2019s another way to solve the problem before you make a claim to a tribunal, such as using a grievance procedure.\n\n## Before you make a claim\n\nYou must tell the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service (Acas) that you intend to make a claim to the tribunal.\n\nYou\u2019ll be offered the chance to try and settle the dispute without going to court by using Acas\u2019s free \u2018Early Conciliation\u2019 service.\n\nIf early conciliation does not work, Acas will send you an early conciliation certificate - use this when you make a claim to the tribunal.\n\nOnce you receive your certificate, you\u2019ll have at least one month left to make your claim.\n\n## Help you can get\n\nCall the Employment Tribunal customer contact centre if you have any questions about your claim. They cannot give you legal advice.\n\nCall Acas if you have any questions about early conciliation. They cannot answer questions about your claim.\n\n## Legal help\n\nYou may want to get legal help or advice if you\u2019re in England and Wales or Scotland before you make your claim.\n\nYour trade union may be able to pay for a solicitor.\n\nYou can also get free legal advice from Citizens Advice or Citizens Advice Scotland.\n\nThe Equality Advisory and Support Service can help if your claim is about discrimination. You may also be able to get legal aid.\n\n## Make a claim\n\nYou can make a claim to the employment tribunal online.\n\nYou should read the guidance for whistleblowing if it relates to your claim.\n\nThis online service is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nThere\u2019s a different way to claim if you live in Northern Ireland.\n\nClaim online\n\n## Make a claim by post\n\nYou can also download and fill in a claim form.\n\nRead the guidance for making a claim before you fill in the form. You should also read the guidance for whistleblowing if it relates to your claim.\n\nYou do not have to pay a fee to make a claim to the Employment Tribunal, even if it says so on the form.\n\nSend your completed form to one of the following addresses, depending on where you were working.\n\n## Talk-through service\n\nUse the employment tribunal talk-through service only if you\u2019re unable to use a computer without help.\n\nBefore calling make sure you have:\n\n- your Acas early conciliation certificate number or a valid reason why you do not have one\n\n- details of your claim including the background, dates and people involved\n\nThis service will not give you advice on the details of your claim. Contact the number for general enquiries instead.\n\n## After you make a claim\n\nThe respondent usually has to reply to your claim in writing within 28 days of getting your claim form. They will give their side of the case.\n\nOnce they\u2019ve replied, the tribunal will decide whether there will be a full hearing to decide on your case.\n\nIf they do not reply, the tribunal may decide on your case without you having to go to a hearing.\n\n## Hearings and coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nBecause of coronavirus, your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person.\n\nIf you\u2019re a legal professional, read guidance on how cases are affected by COVID-19.\n\n## \u2018Preliminary hearing\u2019\n\nYou may be asked to go to an initial hearing (called a preliminary hearing) with the judge to decide on things like:\n\n- whether part or all of your claim can go ahead\n\n- the date and time of a hearing\n\n- how long the hearing should take\n\n## Arrange documents\n\nYou can ask the respondent for documents that will help you with your case, and they can request documents from you.\n\nExamples of documents include:\n\n- a contract of employment\n\n- pay slips\n\n- details of your pension scheme\n\n- notes from relevant meetings you attended at work\n\nUsually the tribunal will issue an order setting out a timetable for when you should exchange documents.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a letter telling you how many copies of each document to bring to the hearing.\n\n## Organise witnesses\n\nYou can bring witnesses to the hearing if they can give evidence directly relevant to your case.\n\nIf you ask a witness to attend and they do not want to, you can ask the tribunal to order them to come. You must apply in writing to the tribunal office dealing with your case, giving:\n\n- the name and address of the witness\n\n- details of what the witness may be able to say and how it will help your case\n\n- the reason the witness has refused to attend (if they gave you one)\n\nYou\u2019ll most likely be responsible for paying the witness\u2019s expenses.\n\n## Going to a tribunal hearing\n\nCases are normally held at the employment tribunal office closest to where you worked.\n\nYou must take the documents you\u2019re using to support your case. You can take a colleague or someone else with you if you want.\n\nYou cannot claim for expenses for going to the hearing.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place by phone, by video or in person. If you need to attend in person, find out what to expect when coming to your hearing. The tribunal will contact you and tell you how the hearing will take place.\n\n## What happens at the hearing\n\nYou\u2019ll present your case to the tribunal - someone else can do this for you, for example a lawyer, friend or family member. The respondent will present their case against you.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally give evidence first, unless your case is about unfair dismissal. You can also call witnesses to give evidence.\n\nYou will usually be asked questions by:\n\n- the judge\n\n- the respondent\n\n- two other tribunal members (only in certain cases)\n\n## Get a decision\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent the decision in the post a few days or weeks after the hearing. The decision will be published on GOV.UK. In certain cases you may also be given the decision at the hearing.\n\n## If you win your case\n\nIf you win your case, the tribunal can order the losing party to do certain things depending on the type of case. Examples include:\n\n- paying you compensation\n\n- paying you any witness expenses you\u2019ve paid\n\n- improving your working conditions\n\n- giving you your job back, if appropriate\n\nIf you get compensation, the amount can depend on:\n\n- the type of case - there are limits on certain cases\n\n- how much money you\u2019ve lost because of the respondent\u2019s actions\n\n- your age, length of service and salary\n\n## If the respondent does not pay\n\nIf you do not get your payment, contact them to find out why.\n\nIf they still do not pay you can ask to have them fined and named online by the government. You can also ask a court to force them to pay.\n\nYou cannot do these things if the respondent has appealed, or is about to. They have 42 days to appeal.\n\n## Get the respondent fined and named online by the government\n\nUse the penalty enforcement form. Post it to the address on the form or email it to the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy.\n\nThe respondent will initially get a warning notice telling them they may be fined, and named online by the government.\n\nIf they do not pay the compensation within 28 days of this notice they\u2019ll have to pay a fine and may be named online by the government.\n\nYou can still get a court to force them to pay.\n\n## Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in England or Wales\n\nYou can use the Fast Track scheme to send a High Court Enforcement Officer - similar to a bailiff - to demand payment from the respondent.\n\nIt costs \u00a366, which you get back from the respondent when they pay.\n\nFill in the Fast Track Enforcement form (or the Acas settlement form if your case was settled before a hearing) and send it to the address on the form.\n\nYou can also ask the local county court to send an enforcement officer to get the money from the respondent. This costs \u00a344.\n\nFill in an application to enforce an award form and send it with a copy of the tribunal\u2019s decision to your local county court.\n\n## Forcing them to pay if you\u2019re in Scotland\n\nWrite to the office that heard your case and ask for an \u2018extract of the judgment\u2019. A sheriff officer can use this to force the respondent to pay.\n\nIf the respondent is \u2018insolvent\u2019 (for example, they\u2019re in administration, liquidation or receivership) you can make a claim for money they owe you, including redundancy payments.\n\n## If you lose your case\n\nYou can ask the tribunal to reconsider the decision (or \u2018judgment\u2019) if you lose your case.\n\nYou must write to the tribunal office within 14 days of getting the decision, saying why you want it to be reconsidered.\n\nYou also need to give good reasons, for example:\n\n- the tribunal made a mistake in the way it reached its decision\n\n- you were not told about the hearing, or were not at the hearing\n\n- there\u2019s new evidence\n\nSend your letter to the tribunal office that dealt with your case.\n\n## Appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal\n\nYou can also appeal to the Employment Appeal Tribunal if you think the employment tribunal made a legal mistake.\n\n## Get a refund for tribunal fees\n\nYou can get a refund if you paid fees at an Employment Tribunal or Employment Appeals Tribunal between 29 July 2013 and 26 July 2017.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply online if:\n\n- you have not changed your name since you made the claim to the tribunal\n\n- your claim was against one employer\n\n- you have a UK bank account\n\nOtherwise, you can apply by post or email.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include how much you paid in tribunal fees.\n\n## Apply online\n\nUse the service to apply for a refund online.\n\n## Apply by email or post\n\nThe form you use depends on why you paid the fees.\n\nUse form 1/2-CR if:\n\n- you made the claim on your own and paid the fees\n\n- a claim was brought against you and you were ordered to pay someone\u2019s fees, or if you paid any other fees to the tribunal\n\n- you were the \u2018lead claimant\u2019 in a joint (\u2018multiple\u2019) claim for less than 11 people\n\nUse form 3-S if:\n\n- you paid the fees for someone else to make the claim\n\n- you were the \u2018lead claimant\u2019 in a joint (\u2018multiple\u2019) claim for over 10 people\n\nSend your completed form by post or email to HM Courts and Tribunals Service (HMCTS).\n\n## Get help applying\n\nContact HMCTS if you need help applying or have questions about refunds.\n\nFind out about call charges.\n\n## What happens next\n\nIf you\u2019re entitled to a refund it\u2019ll be transferred to your bank account (plus 0.5% interest). You\u2019ll get a letter confirming the amount.\n\n## Legislation\n\nThe Employment Tribunal follows rules and processes that you also have to follow.\n\nYou can also read other relevant tribunal rules and regulations.\n\nThe tribunal has issued guidance and practice directions for England and Wales and Scotland which provide more information about specific areas, such as postponing hearings and serving documents.\n\nYou can also read guidance about specific cases.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/employment-tribunals", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I participated in an employment tribunal against my employer with a group of colleagues back in October of 2016. I was not lead claimant, but I did pay for the tribunal fees.", + "original_question": "Am I able to get a refund on the tribunal fees?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2259", + "question": "Scenario: My sister passed her driving test in July 2019 . Last week she was pulled over because she was driving while using her mobile phone. This is here first ever traffic violation and her license has not been deducted any points before.\n\nQuestion: Can she get banned from driving?\n\nDocument - Being stopped by the police while driving:\n## Overview\n\nThe police can stop a vehicle for any reason. If they ask you to stop, you should always pull over when it\u2019s safe to do so. You\u2019re breaking the law if you do not stop.\n\nIf you\u2019re stopped, the police can ask to see your:\n\n- driving licence\n\n- insurance certificate\n\n- MOT certificate\n\nIf you do not have these documents with you, you have 7 days to take them to a police station. You\u2019re breaking the law if you do not show the requested documents within 7 days.\n\nThe police can also give you an on-the-spot fixed penalty notice for many minor offences and make you take a breath test in certain circumstances.\n\nYou can also have your vehicle seized if you\u2019re stopped on suspicion of driving without insurance and for some other offences.\n\n## Breath tests\n\nThe police can stop you at any time and ask you to take a breath test (\u2018breathalyse\u2019 you) if:\n\n- they think you\u2019ve been drinking\n\n- you\u2019ve committed a traffic offence\n\n- you\u2019ve been involved in a road traffic accident\n\nIf you refuse to take a breath test, or fail to supply a sample of breath and do not have a \u2018reasonable excuse\u2019, you can be arrested. A reasonable excuse could be a genuine physical or mental condition stopping you from giving a sample.\n\nThe breath test gives a result straight away. If it shows you\u2019re not over the drink drive limit, you may be allowed to go.\n\nIf you fail the breath test, you\u2019ll be taken to a police station and given a final breath test. If it\u2019s positive, you will be charged.\n\nIf the officer thinks you\u2019re under the influence of alcohol or drugs, they can ask you to:\n\n- take a drug test\n\n- do a physical test (a \u2018field impairment test\u2019), for example walk in a straight line then turn around and walk back\n\nYou can be arrested if you fail the test.\n\nIf you fail a breath test you cannot drive your car until you\u2019re sober. You can ask someone else to collect your car for you.\n\n## Minor motoring offences\n\nThe police can give you a \u2018fixed penalty notice\u2019 for less serious traffic offences, including for:\n\n- careless or inconsiderate driving\n\n- using a mobile phone while driving\n\n- not wearing a seat belt\n\n- driving too close to another vehicle\n\nYou can be fined up to \u00a3200 and get penalty points on your licence if you get a fixed penalty notice - you may be disqualified from driving if you build up 12 points within 3 years.\n\nThe police can also decide to:\n\n- take no action\n\n- issue a warning\n\n- offer driver training\n\n- charge you with an offence\n\nYou can choose not to pay the fixed penalty if you believe that it was given unjustly, but you\u2019ll have to argue your case in court.\n\n## Faults with your vehicle\n\nIf your vehicle has something wrong with it, for example a broken brake light, the police may give you a \u2018vehicle defect rectification notice\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get your vehicle fixed and provide proof that it\u2019s been fixed, for example a receipt for the work from a mechanic. You have 14 days from the date of the notice to show the proof to the police.\n\n## When the police can seize your vehicle\n\nThe police can seize a vehicle if they think it\u2019s being used in a way that causes alarm, harassment or distress, for example careless or inconsiderate driving.\n\nThey can also seize a vehicle if they think it\u2019s:\n\n- being driven by someone who does not have a proper licence or insurance\n\n- dangerously, illegally or obstructively parked\n\n- broken-down or abandoned\n\nIf your vehicle is seized there\u2019s a \u2018release fee\u2019 of up to \u00a3200 plus a storage fee of \u00a320 for every day or part day.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/stopped-by-police-while-driving-your-rights", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My sister passed her driving test in July 2019 . Last week she was pulled over because she was driving while using her mobile phone. This is here first ever traffic violation and her license has not been deducted any points before.", + "original_question": "Can she get banned from driving?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2270", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 21 year old female and it has been a few years since I passed my driving test. I am happy with being anle to drive although the amount of insurence I have to pay is very high. I have passed Pass Plus as well\n\nQuestion: Is there a way I can get a discount on my insurance? Is it sure that I will get discounts for passing Pass Plus ?\n\nDocument - Pass Plus:\n## Overview\n\nPass Plus is a practical training course that takes at least 6 hours and is for drivers to improve their skills and drive more safely.\n\nIt can be taken at any time although it should be most useful to new drivers in the year after passing their test.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Pass Plus registered approved driving instructor (ADI) to teach you.\n\nIt may help you get a car insurance discount if you successfully complete the course.\n\n## Booking Pass Plus\n\nYou need to book Pass Plus with an approved driving instructor (ADI) who is registered with Pass Plus.\n\nYou can contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to check if an instructor is registered with Pass Plus. You\u2019ll need their name and ADI number.\n\n## Fees\n\nPass Plus fees depend on where you live, the instructor or driving school and how long your training takes.\n\nSome local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs.\n\n## Local councils offering discounts\n\nSome local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs\n\nContact your borough, town, city or county council if they are listed to see if they can help you with the cost of your training.\n\nYou must live in the council\u2019s area to be eligible for the discount.\n\n## East Midlands\n\n## North-west\n\n## South-east\n\n## South-west\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\nAll local councils in Wales offer discounted Pass Plus courses. Go to Pass Plus Cymru for more information.\n\n## How Pass Plus training works\n\nPass Plus training takes at least 6 hours. It has 6 modules, covering driving:\n\n- in town\n\n- in all weathers\n\n- on rural roads\n\n- at night\n\n- on dual carriageways\n\n- on motorways\n\nAll modules should be practical sessions, although local conditions may mean some are theory based. You\u2019ll normally spend at least 5.5 hours driving.\n\nYou will not take a test but you\u2019ll be assessed throughout the course. To pass you\u2019ll have to reach the required standard in all modules.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) Pass Plus team for more information.\n\n## Apply for a Pass Plus certificate\n\nYou must apply for your own Pass Plus certificate if you want one.\n\nYou need a certificate if you want a discount on your car insurance.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a training report form from your instructor when you\u2019ve reached the required standard in all modules. You and your instructor must sign the form.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) Pass Plus team to apply for your certificate.\n\n## Car insurance discounts\n\nOnce you\u2019ve completed Pass Plus you may be able to get a car insurance discount. You\u2019ll need your Pass Plus certificate.\n\nCheck with insurers that you can still get a discount if you passed your practical driving test more than a year ago.\n\nThe amount of discount depends on the insurance company. Not all insurers offer Pass Plus discounts.\n\nYou might be able to put the discount on hold for up to 2 years if you do not have a car at the moment - check with the insurance company first.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 21 year old female and it has been a few years since I passed my driving test. I am happy with being anle to drive although the amount of insurence I have to pay is very high. I have passed Pass Plus as well", + "original_question": "Is there a way I can get a discount on my insurance? Is it sure that I will get discounts for passing Pass Plus ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2272", + "question": "Scenario: I am an elderly man and I have a mobility scooter although I don\u2019t know if I am able to register it or not, I also have bad vision and will need help with viewing the computer when registering.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to register my mobility scooter which is classed as class 2 invalid carriage ?\n\nDocument - Mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs: the rules:\n## Overview\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, but you may have to register it. Only certain types can be driven on the road. The law calls these types of vehicles \u2018invalid carriages\u2019.\n\nMobility scooters and powered wheelchairs come in 2 categories:\n\n- \u2018class 2 invalid carriages\u2019 - these cannot be used on the road (except where there is not a pavement) and have a maximum speed of 4mph\n\n- \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019 - these can be used on the road, and have a maximum speed of 4mph off the road, and 8mph on the road\n\nYou do not need to register a class 2 invalid carriage.\n\nYou must register class 3 invalid carriages.\n\nYou must be 14 or over to drive a class 3 invalid carriage.\n\n## Rules for class 3 invalid carriages\n\nThe law calls mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs that can be used on the road \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019. They must have the following features:\n\n- a maximum unladen weight of 150kg\n\n- a maximum width of 0.85 metres\n\n- a device to limit its speed to 4mph\n\n- a maximum speed of 8mph\n\n- an efficient braking system\n\n- front and rear lights and reflectors\n\n- direction indicators able to operate as a hazard warning signal\n\n- an audible horn\n\n- a rear view mirror\n\n- an amber flashing light if it\u2019s used on a dual carriageway\n\nYou could be stopped by the police if your class 3 invalid carriage does not have these features.\n\n## Driving on the road\n\nYou can only drive on the road in a class 3 invalid carriage. The maximum speed is 8mph.\n\nYou cannot drive on bus lanes, \u2018cycle only\u2019 lanes or motorways. Avoid using dual carriageways with a speed limit of over 50mph.\n\nYou must use an amber flashing light for visibility if you use a class 3 invalid carriage on a dual carriageway.\n\n## Road rules\n\nYou must follow the Highway Code if you drive your mobility scooter on the road.\n\n## Driving on footpaths and parking\n\nAll mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs can legally travel at a maximum of 4mph on footpaths or in pedestrian areas.\n\nYou cannot drive any type of mobility scooter or powered wheelchair on cycle paths marked \u2018cycle only\u2019.\n\n## Parking\n\nAll normal parking restrictions apply to mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs.\n\nYour vehicle should not be left on a footpath or pedestrian area on its own if it gets in the way of other pedestrians, including wheelchair users and people with prams or pushchairs.\n\n## Eyesight requirements\n\nThere is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).\n\nYou must check that you can still do this regularly.\n\nYou might have to pay compensation if you have an accident and poor eyesight was part of the cause.\n\n## Who can use them\n\nYou can only drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if you:\n\n- have trouble walking because of an injury, physical disability or medical condition\n\n- are demonstrating the vehicle before it\u2019s sold\n\n- are training a disabled user\n\n- are taking the vehicle to or from maintenance or repair\n\n## Vehicle tax, registration and insurance\n\nYou do not have to pay vehicle tax for any mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if it\u2019s registered as a \u2018class 3 invalid carriage\u2019.\n\nCheck whether a vehicle is registered as an \u2018invalid carriage\u2019 by asking the seller when you buy it.\n\n## Change the owner\u2019s details when you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair\n\nWhen you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, the seller will make you the \u2018registered keeper\u2019. This means the vehicle will be in your name. You\u2019ll get a new vehicle log book (V5C) in the post within 4 weeks of the sale.\n\nIf you do not get a new vehicle log book 4 weeks after the sale, fill in an \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019 (V62) and send it to DVLA.\n\n## Change your name or address\n\nIf you need to change your name or address, fill in section 6 of your vehicle log book and send it to DVLA.\n\n## If your mobility scooter or powered wheelchair is not a registered vehicle\n\nMost scooters and wheelchairs will already be registered by the dealer or manufacturer before you buy them.\n\nIf your vehicle is not registered, register it by filling in:\n\n- form V55/4 for new vehicles\n\n- form V55/5 for used vehicles\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou do not need insurance for a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, although it\u2019s recommended.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an elderly man and I have a mobility scooter although I don\u2019t know if I am able to register it or not, I also have bad vision and will need help with viewing the computer when registering.", + "original_question": "Do I need to register my mobility scooter which is classed as class 2 invalid carriage ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2276", + "question": "Scenario: I am an elderly man and I have a mobility scooter, which the supplier told me counts as a \"class 3 invalid carriage\". I don\u2019t know if I am able to register it or not, I also have bad vision and will need help with viewing the computer when registering.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to register my mobility scooter?\n\nDocument - Mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs: the rules:\n## Overview\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, but you may have to register it. Only certain types can be driven on the road. The law calls these types of vehicles \u2018invalid carriages\u2019.\n\nMobility scooters and powered wheelchairs come in 2 categories:\n\n- \u2018class 2 invalid carriages\u2019 - these cannot be used on the road (except where there is not a pavement) and have a maximum speed of 4mph\n\n- \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019 - these can be used on the road, and have a maximum speed of 4mph off the road, and 8mph on the road\n\nYou do not need to register a class 2 invalid carriage.\n\nYou must register class 3 invalid carriages.\n\nYou must be 14 or over to drive a class 3 invalid carriage.\n\n## Rules for class 3 invalid carriages\n\nThe law calls mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs that can be used on the road \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019. They must have the following features:\n\n- a maximum unladen weight of 150kg\n\n- a maximum width of 0.85 metres\n\n- a device to limit its speed to 4mph\n\n- a maximum speed of 8mph\n\n- an efficient braking system\n\n- front and rear lights and reflectors\n\n- direction indicators able to operate as a hazard warning signal\n\n- an audible horn\n\n- a rear view mirror\n\n- an amber flashing light if it\u2019s used on a dual carriageway\n\nYou could be stopped by the police if your class 3 invalid carriage does not have these features.\n\n## Driving on the road\n\nYou can only drive on the road in a class 3 invalid carriage. The maximum speed is 8mph.\n\nYou cannot drive on bus lanes, \u2018cycle only\u2019 lanes or motorways. Avoid using dual carriageways with a speed limit of over 50mph.\n\nYou must use an amber flashing light for visibility if you use a class 3 invalid carriage on a dual carriageway.\n\n## Road rules\n\nYou must follow the Highway Code if you drive your mobility scooter on the road.\n\n## Driving on footpaths and parking\n\nAll mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs can legally travel at a maximum of 4mph on footpaths or in pedestrian areas.\n\nYou cannot drive any type of mobility scooter or powered wheelchair on cycle paths marked \u2018cycle only\u2019.\n\n## Parking\n\nAll normal parking restrictions apply to mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs.\n\nYour vehicle should not be left on a footpath or pedestrian area on its own if it gets in the way of other pedestrians, including wheelchair users and people with prams or pushchairs.\n\n## Eyesight requirements\n\nThere is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).\n\nYou must check that you can still do this regularly.\n\nYou might have to pay compensation if you have an accident and poor eyesight was part of the cause.\n\n## Who can use them\n\nYou can only drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if you:\n\n- have trouble walking because of an injury, physical disability or medical condition\n\n- are demonstrating the vehicle before it\u2019s sold\n\n- are training a disabled user\n\n- are taking the vehicle to or from maintenance or repair\n\n## Vehicle tax, registration and insurance\n\nYou do not have to pay vehicle tax for any mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if it\u2019s registered as a \u2018class 3 invalid carriage\u2019.\n\nCheck whether a vehicle is registered as an \u2018invalid carriage\u2019 by asking the seller when you buy it.\n\n## Change the owner\u2019s details when you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair\n\nWhen you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, the seller will make you the \u2018registered keeper\u2019. This means the vehicle will be in your name. You\u2019ll get a new vehicle log book (V5C) in the post within 4 weeks of the sale.\n\nIf you do not get a new vehicle log book 4 weeks after the sale, fill in an \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019 (V62) and send it to DVLA.\n\n## Change your name or address\n\nIf you need to change your name or address, fill in section 6 of your vehicle log book and send it to DVLA.\n\n## If your mobility scooter or powered wheelchair is not a registered vehicle\n\nMost scooters and wheelchairs will already be registered by the dealer or manufacturer before you buy them.\n\nIf your vehicle is not registered, register it by filling in:\n\n- form V55/4 for new vehicles\n\n- form V55/5 for used vehicles\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou do not need insurance for a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, although it\u2019s recommended.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am an elderly man and I have a mobility scooter, which the supplier told me counts as a \"class 3 invalid carriage\". I don\u2019t know if I am able to register it or not, I also have bad vision and will need help with viewing the computer when registering.", + "original_question": "Do I need to register my mobility scooter?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2280", + "question": "Scenario: My Uncle is scheduled for a police interview tomorrow and he is deaf . His inability places him at a disadvantage since he can't articulate and hear well .\n\nQuestion: Do the police have to provide an interpreter when they interview my uncle, even if there is a delay in obtaining one?\n\nDocument - Disability rights:\n## Overview\n\nAs a disabled person, you have rights to protect you from discrimination. These rights cover most areas including:\n\n- employment\n\n- education\n\n- dealing with the police\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 and the United Nations (UN) Convention on disability rights help to enforce, protect and promote your rights.\n\n## Employment\n\nIt\u2019s against the law for employers to discriminate against you because of a disability. The Equality Act 2010 protects you and covers areas including:\n\n- application forms\n\n- interview arrangements\n\n- aptitude or proficiency tests\n\n- job offers\n\n- terms of employment, including pay\n\n- promotion, transfer and training opportunities\n\n- dismissal or redundancy\n\n- discipline and grievances\n\n## Reasonable adjustments in the workplace\n\nAn employer has to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to avoid you being put at a disadvantage compared to non-disabled people in the workplace. For example, adjusting your working hours or providing you with a special piece of equipment to help you do the job.\n\n## Recruitment\n\nAn employer who\u2019s recruiting staff may make limited enquiries about your health or disability.\n\nYou can only be asked about your health or disability:\n\n- to help decide if you can carry out a task that is an essential part of the work\n\n- to help find out if you can take part in an interview\n\n- to help decide if the interviewers need to make reasonable adjustments for you in a selection process\n\n- to help monitoring\n\n- if they want to increase the number of disabled people they employ\n\n- if they need to know for the purposes of national security checks\n\nYou may be asked whether you have a health condition or disability on an application form or in an interview. You need to think about whether the question is one that is allowed to be asked at that stage of recruitment.\n\n## Redundancy and retirement\n\nYou can\u2019t be chosen for redundancy just because you\u2019re disabled. The selection process for redundancy must be fair and balanced for all employees.\n\nYour employer cannot force you to retire if you become disabled.\n\n## Education\n\nIt\u2019s against the law for a school or other education provider to treat disabled students unfavourably. This includes:\n\n- direct discrimination, for example refusing admission to a student or excluding them because of disability\n\n- indirect discrimination, for example only providing application forms in one format that may not be accessible\n\n- discrimination arising from a disability, for example a disabled pupil is prevented from going outside at break time because it takes too long to get there\n\n- harassment, for example a teacher shouts at a disabled student for not paying attention when the student\u2019s disability stops them from easily concentrating\n\n- victimisation, for example suspending a disabled student because they\u2019ve complained about harassment\n\n## Reasonable adjustments\n\nAn education provider has a duty to make \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to make sure disabled students are not discriminated against. These changes could include providing extra support and aids (like specialist teachers or equipment).\n\nSchools are not subject to the reasonable adjustment duty to make alterations to physical features, like adding ramps. They must make the buildings accessible for their disabled pupils as part of their overall planning duties.\n\n## Special educational needs and disabilities (SEND)\n\nAll publicly funded pre-schools, nurseries, state schools and local authorities must try to identify and help assess children with special educational needs and disabilities (SEND).\n\nIf a child has an an education, health and care (EHC) plan or a statement of special educational needs, these must be reviewed annually. From year 9 the child will get a full review to understand what support they will need to prepare them for adulthood.\n\n## Higher education\n\nAll universities and higher education colleges should have a person in charge of disability issues that you can talk to about the support they offer.\n\nYou can also ask local social services for an assessment to help with your day-to-day living needs.\n\n## Police\n\nIf you\u2019re being questioned or interviewed at a police station you have certain rights depending on your impairment.\n\n## Deaf, hearing-impaired or speech difficulties\n\nThe police should arrange for an interpreter to be present with you. The police can interview you without an interpreter if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.\n\n## Learning disabilities\n\nThe police should only interview someone who has a learning disability when a responsible person (referred to as an \u2018appropriate adult\u2019) is present. The appropriate adult should not work for the police and should have experience of people with learning disabilities. The police can interview you without an appropriate adult if a delay would result in harm to people, property or evidence.\n\n## Right to medical treatment\n\nIf you\u2019re being kept in a police cell, you have the right to a medical examination by a healthcare worker. A healthcare worker may be a paramedic, nurse or a police surgeon (sometimes referred to as a \u2018Forensic Medical Examiner\u2019).\n\nIf you do not want to be examined by the healthcare worker provided, you could be examined by a general practitioner (GP) that you choose - if they\u2019re available. You may have to pay for this, and this payment will be noted down.\n\n## The Equality Act 2010 and UN Convention\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 protects you from discrimination. It provides legal rights for you in the areas of:\n\n- employment\n\n- education\n\n- access to goods, services and facilities\n\n- buying and renting land or property\n\nThe Equality Act 2010 also protects your rights if you have an association with a disabled person, for example a carer or parent.\n\nGet more information about the Equality Act 2010.\n\n## United Nations (UN) Convention on disability rights\n\nThe UN Convention on disability rights has been agreed by the UK to protect and promote the rights of disabled people.\n\nGet more information about the UN Convention on disability rights from the Office for Disability Issues.\n\n## Further help and advice\n\nCheck if you can get legal aid to help with your legal costs if you think you\u2019ve been discriminated against. You can get advice from Civil Legal Advice if you\u2019re eligible.\n\nYou can get advice and information on your rights from:\n\n- Equality Advisory Support Service\n\n- Disability Rights UK\n\n- Advicenow\n\n- Citizens Advice", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/rights-disabled-person", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My Uncle is scheduled for a police interview tomorrow and he is deaf . His inability places him at a disadvantage since he can't articulate and hear well .", + "original_question": "Do the police have to provide an interpreter when they interview my uncle, even if there is a delay in obtaining one?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2284", + "question": "Scenario: I am due to be released from prison soon and I have a young child who is currently staying with my parents. Although we are going to be staying with them after I leave prison, I will be my child's sole carer.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply to see my child before leaving prison, so they can adjust to seeing me?\n\nDocument - Leaving prison:\n## When someone can leave prison\n\nWhen a prisoner is released depends on:\n\n- the length of their sentence\n\n- their behaviour in prison\n\n- any time spent on remand (waiting for their trial)\n\n## If the prisoner has a fixed term (determinate) sentence\n\nA prisoner serving a determinate sentence is normally released automatically halfway through their sentence.\n\nIf their sentence is 12 months or more, they\u2019ll be released on probation.\n\nA Parole Board is not involved.\n\n## When a Parole Board reviews a case\n\nPrisoners can apply for parole if they have an extended sentence, or a fixed-term sentence for:\n\n- 4 years or more\n\n- a serious violent or sexual crime committed before 4 April 2005\n\n## If the prisoner has a non fixed term (indeterminate) or life sentence\n\nThe government will apply for parole on the prisoner\u2019s behalf.\n\n## Temporary release from prison\n\nA prisoner may be allowed to leave prison for short periods towards the end of their sentence - whatever its type or length.\n\nHowever, the prison will not release someone if it thinks they\u2019re a risk to the public or may commit more crime.\n\n## Resettlement day release\n\nA resettlement day release lets a prisoner out during the day - for example to go on a training course to help them find work once they\u2019re released.\n\n## Resettlement overnight release\n\nA resettlement overnight release lets a prisoner spend the night at the place they\u2019ll live at after they\u2019re released.\n\n## Childcare resettlement licence\n\nA childcare resettlement licence lets a prisoner spend time with their child. They can only apply for this if they\u2019ll be the sole carer of a child when they finish their prison sentence.\n\n## Before someone leaves prison\n\nAll prisoners get help preparing for life when they leave prison. In the last 12 weeks of their sentence, they\u2019re given advice and support on:\n\n- finding somewhere to live\n\n- getting a job\n\n- looking after money\n\nPrisoners get additional support if they:\n\n- have abused substances (such as drugs or alcohol)\n\n- are sex workers\n\n- are the victim of domestic violence\n\nMost prisoners spend the last few months of their sentence in a prison near where they plan to live.\n\n## Support when someone leaves prison\n\nA person leaving prison may get the following financial support:\n\n- Universal Credit\n\n- Jobseeker\u2019s Allowance\n\n- help from your local council\n\n- Scottish Welfare Fund in Scotland\n\n- Discretionary Assistance Fund in Wales\n\nPrisons may also work with organisations in their local area, such as charities, to help prisoners prepare for their release. You can find out about these organisations in the prison information pages.\n\n## Useful websites\n\nThere are organisations that can provide support for people leaving prison, including:\n\n- Nacro (previously National Association for the Care and Resettlement of Offenders)\n\n- Prison Reform Trust\n\n- The Hardman Directory\n\n- Shelter\n\n- Unlock", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/leaving-prison", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am due to be released from prison soon and I have a young child who is currently staying with my parents. Although we are going to be staying with them after I leave prison, I will be my child's sole carer.", + "original_question": "Can I apply to see my child before leaving prison, so they can adjust to seeing me?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2285", + "question": "Scenario: I own three houses. Two of these houses, situated in England, are now empty, and will remain so for the next six months. They will continue to be empty for at least three years due to personal circumstances.\n\nQuestion: Are there any Council Tax reductions that I can get for these two properties?\n\nDocument - Council Tax:\n## Working out your Council Tax\n\nYou\u2019ll need to know 3 things:\n\n- the valuation band for your home in England and Wales or in Scotland\n\n- how much your local council charges for that band\n\n- whether you can get a discount or exemption from the full bill\n\nYou may be able to get Council Tax Reduction (this used to be called Council Tax Benefit) if you\u2019re on a low income or get benefits.\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think your home is in the wrong valuation band.\n\n## Changes that may affect your Council Tax band\n\nYour property may be revalued and put in a different band in some circumstances, for example if:\n\n- you demolish part of your property and do not rebuild it\n\n- you alter your property to create 2 or more self-contained units, for example an annexe - each unit will have its own band\n\n- you split a single property into self-contained flats\n\n- you convert flats into a single property\n\n- you start or stop working from home\n\n- the previous owner made changes to your property\n\n- there are significant changes to your local area, like a new road being built\n\n- a similar property in your area has its Council Tax band changed\n\nAsk the Valuation Office Agency (VOA) if you want to know if changes to your property will affect your Council Tax band.\n\n## Who has to pay\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax if you\u2019re 18 or over and own or rent a home.\n\nA full Council Tax bill is based on at least 2 adults living in a home. Spouses and partners who live together are jointly responsible for paying the bill.\n\nYou\u2019ll get 25% off your bill if you count as an adult for Council Tax and either:\n\n- you live on your own\n\n- no-one else in your home counts as an adult\n\nYou\u2019ll usually get a 50% discount if no-one living in your home, including you, counts as an adult.\n\nYou will not have to pay any Council Tax if everyone in your home, including you, is a full-time student.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Who does not count as an adult?\n\nThese people are not counted as adults for Council Tax:\n\n- children under 18\n\n- people on some apprentice schemes\n\n- 18 and 19-year-olds in full-time education\n\n- full-time college and university students\n\n- young people under 25 who get funding from the Skills Funding Agency or Young People\u2019s Learning Agency\n\n- student nurses\n\n- foreign language assistants registered with the British Council\n\n- people with a severe mental impairment\n\n- live-in carers who look after someone who is not their partner, spouse, or child under 18\n\n- diplomats\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019re unsure about whether you can get a discount or who\u2019s responsible for paying.\n\n## People on apprentice schemes\n\nTo show that you do not qualify as an adult for Council Tax, you\u2019ll need a declaration from your employer stating that:\n\n- you will not be paid more than \u00a3195 a week\n\n- the training leads to a qualification accredited by a body recognised by the Office of Qualifications and Examinations Regulation (Ofqual) or the Scottish Vocational Education Council (SVEC)\n\n## If you get a Council Tax discount by mistake\n\nYou must tell your council. If you do not, you could get a fine.\n\nThe council may ask you to pay back the discount.\n\n## Discounts for full-time students\n\nHouseholds where everyone\u2019s a full-time student do not have to pay Council Tax. If you do get a bill, you can apply for an exemption.\n\nTo count as a full-time student, your course must:\n\n- last at least 1 year\n\n- involve at least 21 hours study per week\n\nIf you study for a qualification up to A level and you\u2019re under 20, your course must:\n\n- last at least 3 months\n\n- involve at least 12 hours study per week\n\nYou\u2019ll get a Council Tax bill if there\u2019s someone in your household who\u2019s not a full-time student, but your household might still qualify for a discount.\n\n## Discounts for disabled people\n\nPeople who are severely mentally impaired are not included when working out Council Tax.\n\nYou also are not included if you\u2019re a live-in carer looking after someone who is not your partner, spouse, or child under 18.\n\nApply for a Council Tax discount.\n\n## Disabled Band Reduction Scheme\n\nYou may be eligible for the scheme if you live in a larger property than you would need if you or another occupant were not disabled.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to show that you\u2019ve either:\n\n- an extra bathroom, kitchen or other room that you need for the disabled person\n\n- extra space inside the property for using a wheelchair\n\nThe property must be the main home of at least 1 disabled person. This can be an adult or a child - it does not have to be the person responsible for paying the Council Tax.\n\nCheck if you qualify for the scheme.\n\n## Second homes and empty properties\n\nYou may be able to get a discount if you have a second home or an empty property - it\u2019s up to your council to decide.\n\nCouncils can charge extra Council Tax for empty properties.\n\n## Second homes\n\nYou may pay less Council Tax for a property you own or rent that\u2019s not your main home.\n\nCouncils can give furnished second homes or holiday homes a discount of up to 50%. Contact your council to find out if you can get a discount - it\u2019s up to them how much you can get.\n\n## Empty properties\n\nYou\u2019ll usually have to pay Council Tax on an empty home, but your council can decide to give you a discount - the amount is up to them. Contact your council to ask about a discount.\n\nYou can be charged up to double your Council Tax if your home has been empty for 2 years or more (unless it\u2019s an annexe or you\u2019re in the armed forces).\n\nThe rules are different in Scotland.\n\n## When you do not pay Council Tax\n\nIf you\u2019re selling a property on behalf of an owner who\u2019s died, you won\u2019t need to pay Council Tax until after you get probate as long as the property remains empty. After probate is granted, you may be able to get a Council Tax exemption for another 6 months if the property is both:\n\n- unoccupied\n\n- still owned and in the name of the person who died\n\nSome homes do not get a Council Tax bill for as long as they stay empty. They include homes:\n\n- of someone in prison (except for not paying a fine or Council Tax)\n\n- of someone who\u2019s moved into a care home or hospital\n\n- that have been repossessed\n\n- that cannot be lived in by law, for example if they\u2019re derelict\n\n- that are empty because they\u2019ve been compulsory purchased and will be demolished\n\nYou may get a discount if your home is undergoing major repair work or structural changes, for example your walls are being rebuilt.\n\n## If your property\u2019s been refurbished\n\nYour council will tell you when you have to start paying Council Tax if you\u2019ve been carrying out major home improvements on an empty property or building a new property.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a \u2018completion notice\u2019 that tells you the date you must start paying Council Tax.\n\n## If your property\u2019s derelict\n\nYour property\u2019s only considered derelict if it:\n\n- is not possible to live in it, for example because it\u2019s been damaged by weather, rot or vandalism\n\n- would need major structural works to make it \u2018wind and watertight\u2019 again\n\nYou can challenge your Council Tax band if you think a derelict property should be removed from the Council Tax valuation list.\n\n## Paying your bill\n\nYour Council Tax bill tells you:\n\n- how much you have to pay for the year\n\n- how that amount has been worked out\n\n- the dates you have to pay\n\nThe cost is usually split into 10 monthly payments. Contact your council immediately if you\u2019re having trouble paying - they can help you, for example by spreading your payments over 12 months instead of 10.\n\nThe council can take action to reclaim any debts you owe if you get behind with your payments.\n\n## Ways to pay\n\nYou can usually pay your Council Tax online.\n\nYou can also use \u2018Paypoint\u2019, \u2018Payzone\u2019 or \u2018Quickcards\u2019 for cash payments at post offices, banks, newsagents and convenience stores.\n\nCheck your bill to find out which other payment methods you can use.\n\n## If you\u2019ve overpaid\n\nContact your local council if you\u2019ve paid too much Council Tax and have not received an automatic refund.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/council-tax", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own three houses. Two of these houses, situated in England, are now empty, and will remain so for the next six months. They will continue to be empty for at least three years due to personal circumstances.", + "original_question": "Are there any Council Tax reductions that I can get for these two properties?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2288", + "question": "Scenario: My friend Mark owns a canoe boat along the river Severn. It is not registered nor licensed . He sometimes rows it to different waterways during summer.\n\nQuestion: Can he be penalised for non-registration if he is a member of British Canoeing?\n\nDocument - Register a boat:\n## Overview\n\nYou usually need to register or licence your boat if you want to keep or use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use to find out.\n\nA boat is:\n\n- any vessel with or without a motor, for example a sailing boat, river boat, canal boat or houseboat\n\n- any \u2018open boat\u2019 such as canoe, paddle board, rowing boat or dinghy\n\nTo get a boat registration you may need:\n\n- insurance\n\n- a Boat Safety Scheme (BSS) certificate\n\nYou must renew each year for the waterway you want to keep or use your boat on. You can buy a visitor registration or licence for shorter periods.\n\n## Carry more than 12 passengers\n\nYou must have a passenger-carrying certificate issued by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency if you want to carry more than 12 passengers.\n\n## Commercial use\n\nYou must apply for a boatmaster\u2019s licence if you want to use your boat commercially.\n\n## Use at sea\n\nYou can register your boat with the UK Ship Register for use at sea.\n\n## Who to contact\n\nRegister or license your boat with the navigation authority responsible for the waterway you want to use.\n\n## Most canals and some rivers, like the Severn, Trent and Ouse\n\nRegister with the Canal & River Trust.\n\n## Norfolk and Suffolk Broads, and adjacent waters\n\nRegister with the Broads Authority.\n\n## River Thames, River Medway, and the rivers of East Anglia\n\nDownload the application form for the waterway you want to use and register with the Environment Agency:\n\n- River Thames\n\n- River Medway\n\n- Anglian waterways (Great Ouse System, River Nene, River Stour, River Ancholme, Black Sluice, River Welland and River Glen)\n\n- Rye Harbour\n\nRiver Thames annual registrations run from 1 January to 31 December. Other registrations run from 1 April to 31 March.\n\n## The Royal Military Canal\n\nYou do not need to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam in Shorncliffe, Kent and Iden Lock in Cliffe End, East Sussex.\n\nContact Shepway District Council to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam and Seabrook.\n\n## Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\nCheck if you need to register your boat with Scottish Canals or NI Direct.\n\n## Other areas\n\nCheck with the Inland Waterways Association to find the navigation authority for other areas.\n\n## Using more than one waterway\n\nYou can buy a \u2018gold licence\u2019 which lets you use all Environment Agency and Canal & River Trust waterways.\n\n## Canoe or rowing boat exemptions\n\nYou may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.\n\nRowing clubs or associations can register a rowing boat for use on some waterways through British Rowing.\n\n## Penalties\n\nAn enforcement officer may put an enforcement notice on your boat if it\u2019s on an inland waterway and:\n\n- it\u2019s not licensed or registered\n\n- it\u2019s not licensed or registered for the waterway you\u2019re using\n\n- your licence or registration is not displayed\n\n- it breaches the terms and conditions of the licence or registration\n\nCheck your licence or registration for additional rules that apply to your waterway.\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a31,000 or have your boat removed if you do not display an up-to-date licence or registration.\n\n## Questions about a penalty notice\n\nContact your navigation authority if you have questions about a penalty notice.\n\n## The UK Ship Register\n\nYou need to register your boat with the UK Ship Register to use it at sea.\n\nWhether you can use the register depends on your citizenship status. Check the eligibility requirements for each part of the UK Ship Register.\n\nThere are 4 different parts of the register. Which part you use depends on what you\u2019re using your boat for:\n\n- Part 1 - commercial or pleasure boats\n\n- Part 2 - fishing boats\n\n- Part 3 - small boats\n\n- Part 4 - charter boats\n\n## Part 1 registration - commercial or pleasure boats\n\nYou can use Part 1 of the register if you have either:\n\n- a commercial boat, unless you plan to use it for fishing\n\n- a \u2018pleasure vessel\u2019 - this means you do not make any money from it\n\nRegistering your boat on Part 1 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to:\n\n- get a marine mortgage against your boat\n\n- spend more than 6 months outside the UK\n\nIt costs \u00a3153 to register for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew. It costs \u00a372 to renew your registration for another 5 years.\n\n## Part 2 registration - fishing boats\n\nUse Part 2 of the register if you\u2019re using your boat to catch and sell fish.\n\nYou can choose from \u2018simple\u2019 or \u2018full\u2019 registration. If you choose full registration you can get a marine mortgage against your boat.\n\nTo register for 5 years it costs:\n\n- \u00a3159 for simple registration\n\n- \u00a3196 for full registration\n\n## Part 3 registration - small boats\n\nUse Part 3 of the register (small ships register) if:\n\n- your boat is less than 24 metres long\n\n- your boat is a pleasure vessel\n\n- you live in the UK for at least 185 days of the year\n\nYou cannot use Part 3 of the register if you\u2019re a business.\n\nRegistering on Part 3 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to prove your boat\u2019s nationality when sailing outside UK waters.\n\nIt costs \u00a335 for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew.\n\n## Part 4 registration - charter boats\n\nUse Part 4 of the register if you plan to hire out (charter) your boat.\n\nIt costs between \u00a335 and \u00a3196 for 5 years. The amount you\u2019ll pay depends on the type of boat you\u2019re registering.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou can register your boat online. You\u2019ll need to create an account if you do not already have one.\n\nIf you own the boat with other people, all owners must have an account before you can register your boat online.\n\nStart now\n\nYou can pay by debit or credit card.\n\nYou can also use the online service to renew, cancel or change the details of your registration.\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- the dimensions of your boat\n\n- the previous registration details of the boat (if it\u2019s been registered before)\n\n- the bill of sale\n\n- the radio signal detail - including your UK radio call sign, Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number and International Maritime Organization (IMO) number\n\n- the builders certificate\n\n- a certificate of survey for tonnage and measurement\n\n- an international tonnage certificate (ITC69)\n\n- safety certificates\n\n## Other ways to register\n\nYou can also register by post. Download and fill in the form for the type of boat you want to register.\n\n## Contact\n\nYou can contact the UK Ship Register by email, phone or post.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My friend Mark owns a canoe boat along the river Severn. It is not registered nor licensed . He sometimes rows it to different waterways during summer.", + "original_question": "Can he be penalised for non-registration if he is a member of British Canoeing?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2290", + "question": "Scenario: My brother wants to buy a canoe boat to spend his summer holiday rowing along the river Thames. He wants to register so that he can use it. My brother is a current member of British Canoeing.\n\nQuestion: Will he need to insure it ?\n\nDocument - Register a boat:\n## Overview\n\nYou usually need to register or licence your boat if you want to keep or use it on inland waterways, such as rivers and canals. Contact the navigation authority of the waterway you want to use to find out.\n\nA boat is:\n\n- any vessel with or without a motor, for example a sailing boat, river boat, canal boat or houseboat\n\n- any \u2018open boat\u2019 such as canoe, paddle board, rowing boat or dinghy\n\nTo get a boat registration you may need:\n\n- insurance\n\n- a Boat Safety Scheme (BSS) certificate\n\nYou must renew each year for the waterway you want to keep or use your boat on. You can buy a visitor registration or licence for shorter periods.\n\n## Carry more than 12 passengers\n\nYou must have a passenger-carrying certificate issued by the Maritime and Coastguard Agency if you want to carry more than 12 passengers.\n\n## Commercial use\n\nYou must apply for a boatmaster\u2019s licence if you want to use your boat commercially.\n\n## Use at sea\n\nYou can register your boat with the UK Ship Register for use at sea.\n\n## Who to contact\n\nRegister or license your boat with the navigation authority responsible for the waterway you want to use.\n\n## Most canals and some rivers, like the Severn, Trent and Ouse\n\nRegister with the Canal & River Trust.\n\n## Norfolk and Suffolk Broads, and adjacent waters\n\nRegister with the Broads Authority.\n\n## River Thames, River Medway, and the rivers of East Anglia\n\nDownload the application form for the waterway you want to use and register with the Environment Agency:\n\n- River Thames\n\n- River Medway\n\n- Anglian waterways (Great Ouse System, River Nene, River Stour, River Ancholme, Black Sluice, River Welland and River Glen)\n\n- Rye Harbour\n\nRiver Thames annual registrations run from 1 January to 31 December. Other registrations run from 1 April to 31 March.\n\n## The Royal Military Canal\n\nYou do not need to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam in Shorncliffe, Kent and Iden Lock in Cliffe End, East Sussex.\n\nContact Shepway District Council to register a boat for use between West Hythe Dam and Seabrook.\n\n## Scotland and Northern Ireland\n\nCheck if you need to register your boat with Scottish Canals or NI Direct.\n\n## Other areas\n\nCheck with the Inland Waterways Association to find the navigation authority for other areas.\n\n## Using more than one waterway\n\nYou can buy a \u2018gold licence\u2019 which lets you use all Environment Agency and Canal & River Trust waterways.\n\n## Canoe or rowing boat exemptions\n\nYou may not need to register a canoe with the navigation authority if you\u2019re a member of British Canoeing.\n\nRowing clubs or associations can register a rowing boat for use on some waterways through British Rowing.\n\n## Penalties\n\nAn enforcement officer may put an enforcement notice on your boat if it\u2019s on an inland waterway and:\n\n- it\u2019s not licensed or registered\n\n- it\u2019s not licensed or registered for the waterway you\u2019re using\n\n- your licence or registration is not displayed\n\n- it breaches the terms and conditions of the licence or registration\n\nCheck your licence or registration for additional rules that apply to your waterway.\n\nYou may be prosecuted and fined up to \u00a31,000 or have your boat removed if you do not display an up-to-date licence or registration.\n\n## Questions about a penalty notice\n\nContact your navigation authority if you have questions about a penalty notice.\n\n## The UK Ship Register\n\nYou need to register your boat with the UK Ship Register to use it at sea.\n\nWhether you can use the register depends on your citizenship status. Check the eligibility requirements for each part of the UK Ship Register.\n\nThere are 4 different parts of the register. Which part you use depends on what you\u2019re using your boat for:\n\n- Part 1 - commercial or pleasure boats\n\n- Part 2 - fishing boats\n\n- Part 3 - small boats\n\n- Part 4 - charter boats\n\n## Part 1 registration - commercial or pleasure boats\n\nYou can use Part 1 of the register if you have either:\n\n- a commercial boat, unless you plan to use it for fishing\n\n- a \u2018pleasure vessel\u2019 - this means you do not make any money from it\n\nRegistering your boat on Part 1 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to:\n\n- get a marine mortgage against your boat\n\n- spend more than 6 months outside the UK\n\nIt costs \u00a3153 to register for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew. It costs \u00a372 to renew your registration for another 5 years.\n\n## Part 2 registration - fishing boats\n\nUse Part 2 of the register if you\u2019re using your boat to catch and sell fish.\n\nYou can choose from \u2018simple\u2019 or \u2018full\u2019 registration. If you choose full registration you can get a marine mortgage against your boat.\n\nTo register for 5 years it costs:\n\n- \u00a3159 for simple registration\n\n- \u00a3196 for full registration\n\n## Part 3 registration - small boats\n\nUse Part 3 of the register (small ships register) if:\n\n- your boat is less than 24 metres long\n\n- your boat is a pleasure vessel\n\n- you live in the UK for at least 185 days of the year\n\nYou cannot use Part 3 of the register if you\u2019re a business.\n\nRegistering on Part 3 of the register means you\u2019ll be able to prove your boat\u2019s nationality when sailing outside UK waters.\n\nIt costs \u00a335 for 5 years.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a renewal notice when it\u2019s time to renew.\n\n## Part 4 registration - charter boats\n\nUse Part 4 of the register if you plan to hire out (charter) your boat.\n\nIt costs between \u00a335 and \u00a3196 for 5 years. The amount you\u2019ll pay depends on the type of boat you\u2019re registering.\n\n## How to register\n\nYou can register your boat online. You\u2019ll need to create an account if you do not already have one.\n\nIf you own the boat with other people, all owners must have an account before you can register your boat online.\n\nStart now\n\nYou can pay by debit or credit card.\n\nYou can also use the online service to renew, cancel or change the details of your registration.\n\n## Before you start\n\nYou\u2019ll need:\n\n- the dimensions of your boat\n\n- the previous registration details of the boat (if it\u2019s been registered before)\n\n- the bill of sale\n\n- the radio signal detail - including your UK radio call sign, Maritime Mobile Service Identity (MMSI) number and International Maritime Organization (IMO) number\n\n- the builders certificate\n\n- a certificate of survey for tonnage and measurement\n\n- an international tonnage certificate (ITC69)\n\n- safety certificates\n\n## Other ways to register\n\nYou can also register by post. Download and fill in the form for the type of boat you want to register.\n\n## Contact\n\nYou can contact the UK Ship Register by email, phone or post.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/register-a-boat", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother wants to buy a canoe boat to spend his summer holiday rowing along the river Thames. He wants to register so that he can use it. My brother is a current member of British Canoeing.", + "original_question": "Will he need to insure it ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2294", + "question": "Scenario: I have tried to make alterations to the shop front. My application to the planning committee was rejected. Five weeks have past, and after being informed that this should have been accepted, we are considering appealing the decision. I have received an enforcement notice 30 days ago\n\nQuestion: Are we still able to appeal this decision?\n\nDocument - Appeal a minor commercial development decision:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour local planning authority makes decisions on applications about minor commercial developments, for example ground floor alterations like shop fronts and security shutters.\n\nYou can appeal a minor commercial development decision if you disagree with it.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\nOnly the person who made the application can appeal.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal within 12 weeks of the date on the decision notice from your local planning authority.\n\nThe deadline\u2019s earlier if you\u2019ve received an enforcement notice - you must appeal within 28 days of the notice.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post. You can still appeal to the Planning Inspectorate online.\n\nIf you want to appeal more than one decision you must make a separate appeal for each.\n\nYou also need to send a copy of your appeal, including all the supporting documents, to your local planning authority. The Planning Inspectorate will tell you how to do this.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to submit copies of:\n\n- your original application\n\n- the site ownership certificate\n\n- the local planning authority\u2019s decision notice\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit:\n\n- a map of the surrounding area\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal, for example your grounds for appeal\n\nYou can upload these documents when you appeal.\n\n## Comment on an appeal\n\nNo-one can comment on a minor commercial development decision appeal.\n\nYour local planning authority must tell anyone who has commented on the original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019) that there\u2019s an appeal.\n\nThey have to do this within 5 working days of the appeal being started by the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nRead the detailed guidance about taking part in an appeal.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will then consider your appeal. Check how long planning appeal decisions normally take.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. You can have costs awarded against you too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-minor-commercial-development-decision", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have tried to make alterations to the shop front. My application to the planning committee was rejected. Five weeks have past, and after being informed that this should have been accepted, we are considering appealing the decision. I have received an enforcement notice 30 days ago", + "original_question": "Are we still able to appeal this decision?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2296", + "question": "Scenario: I am planning to rent out my home on a short-term basis. I am uncertain as to whether I will need to use it again in the future, and so I want the option to be able to terminate my tenant's rent at any time. The prospective tenant has agreed to have this put in the contract.\n\nQuestion: Is there an agreement that can be made with the tenant for this purpose?\n\nDocument - Tenancy agreements: a guide for landlords (England and Wales):\n## Overview\n\nA tenancy agreement is a contract between you and your tenants. It sets out the legal terms and conditions of the tenancy. It can be written down or oral.\n\nA tenancy can either be:\n\n- fixed-term (running for a set period of time)\n\n- periodic (running on a week-by-week or month-by-month basis)\n\n## Rights and responsibilities\n\nBoth you and your tenants have certain rights and responsibilities, whether or not there is a tenancy agreement.\n\n## Tenancy types\n\n## Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)\n\nThe most common form of tenancy is an AST. Most new tenancies are automatically this type.\n\nA tenancy can be an AST if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re a private landlord or housing association\n\n- the tenancy started on or after 15 January 1989\n\n- the property is your tenants\u2019 main accommodation\n\n- you do not live in the property\n\nA tenancy cannot be an AST if:\n\n- it began or was agreed before 15 January 1989\n\n- the rent is more than \u00a3100,000 a year\n\n- the rent is less than \u00a3250 a year (less than \u00a31,000 in London)\n\n- it\u2019s a business tenancy or tenancy of licensed premises\n\n- it\u2019s a holiday let\n\n- the landlord is a local council\n\n## Other tenancies\n\nThere are other tenancies that are not as common as ASTs, including:\n\n- excluded tenancies or licences\n\n- assured tenancies\n\n- regulated tenancies\n\n## Excluded tenancies or licences\n\nIf you have a lodger living in your home and share rooms with them, like a kitchen or bathroom, you may have one of these. This usually gives your lodger less protection from eviction than other types of agreement.\n\n## Assured tenancies\n\nTenancies starting between 15 January 1989 and 27 February 1997 may be assured. Your tenants have increased protection from eviction with this type of agreement.\n\n## Regulated tenancies\n\nTenancies starting before 15 January 1989 may be regulated. Your tenants have increased protection from eviction and can apply for a \u2018fair rent\u2019.\n\n## What you should include in a tenancy agreement\n\nThe tenancy agreement should include:\n\n- the names of all people involved\n\n- the rental price and how it\u2019s paid\n\n- information on how and when the rent will be reviewed\n\n- the deposit amount and how it will be protected\n\n- when the deposit can be fully or partly withheld, for example to repair damage caused by tenants\n\n- the property address\n\n- the start and end date of the tenancy\n\n- any tenant or landlord obligations\n\n- which bills your tenants are responsible for\n\nIt can also include information on:\n\n- whether the tenancy can be ended early and how this can be done\n\n- who\u2019s responsible for minor repairs (other than those that the landlord is legally responsible for)\n\n- whether the property can be let to someone else (sublet) or have lodgers\n\nThe terms of the tenancy must be fair and comply with the law. You can use a model agreement as a template.\n\nYou cannot have anything in your tenancy agreement that may indirectly discriminate against your tenants.\n\n## Changes to tenancy agreements\n\nYou must get the agreement of your tenants if you want to make changes to the terms of their tenancy agreement.\n\n## Preventing discrimination\n\nYou cannot discriminate against or harass your tenants on the grounds of:\n\n- age\n\n- being or becoming a transsexual person\n\n- being married or in a civil partnership\n\n- being pregnant or on maternity leave\n\n- disability\n\n- race including colour, nationality, ethnic or national origin\n\n- religion, belief or lack of religion or belief\n\n- sex\n\n- sexual orientation\n\n## If you get managed payments from your local council\n\nWhen your tenants move to Universal Credit, you can help them set up their new rent payments.\n\nYou can read more about Universal Credit and how it affects landlords.\n\n## Ending a tenancy\n\nIf you want your tenants to leave, you must give them notice in a particular way, including certain information and warnings. This depends on the type of tenancy agreement and its terms.\n\n## Assured shorthold tenancies (ASTs)\n\nIn some circumstances, you can take back your property without giving any reason. To do this, and all of the following must apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve protected your tenants\u2019 deposit in a deposit protection scheme\n\n- the date they must leave is at least 6 months after the original tenancy began (the one they signed on first moving in)\n\n- they have a periodic tenancy - or they have a fixed-term tenancy and you are not asking them to leave before the end of the fixed term\n\n## How much notice you need to give\n\nYou must give your tenants written notice that you want the property back (\u2018notice to quit\u2019) and the date they must leave. The notice period you give them must be at least:\n\n- 2 months if you gave notice before 26 March 2020\n\n- 3 months if you gave notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020\n\n- 6 months if you gave notice on or after 29 August 2020\n\nIf you gave a section 8 notice, the notice period is sometimes shorter, depending on the reason for eviction.\n\nThis change is because of coronavirus (COVID-19).\n\n## During the fixed term\n\nIf you\u2019re still in the fixed term, you can only ask your tenants to leave if you have a reason for wanting possession that\u2019s in the Housing Act 1988.\n\nExamples of reasons include:\n\n- your tenants are behind with rent payments (\u2018in arrears\u2019)\n\n- your tenants have used the property for illegal purposes, for example selling drugs\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice before 26 March 2020, you would have needed to give them up to 2 months to leave, depending on the reason.\n\nBecause of coronavirus, in most cases you must now give them a longer notice period.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice between 26 March 2020 and 28 August 2020, period must have been at least 3 months.\n\nIf you gave your tenant notice on or after 29 August 2020, the notice period must be at least 6 months. It can be shorter in some cases, for example if you evict them for antisocial behaviour.\n\nThe Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government has information on reasons for possession for a property let on an AST.\n\n## Assured tenancies\n\nYou will need to use one of the reasons for possession in the Housing Act 1988.\n\n## Excluded tenancies or licences\n\nIf you live with a lodger and share rooms with them, you\u2019ll often have an excluded tenancy or licence.\n\nIn this case, you only need to give \u2018reasonable notice\u2019 to quit. Usually this means the length of the rental payment period \u2013 so if you collect rent monthly, you\u2019ll need to give 1 month\u2019s notice.\n\nThe notice does not have to be in writing.\n\n## Non-excluded tenancy or licence\n\nYou can end the agreement at any time by serving a written \u2018notice to quit\u2019. The notice period will depend on the tenancy or agreement, but it\u2019s usually at least 4 weeks.\n\n## Break clauses\n\nIf there\u2019s a break clause in the tenancy agreement, you can give your tenants notice after this. However, you do not have a guaranteed right to possession during the first 6 months of the tenancy.\n\n## If your tenant does not leave the property\n\nYou cannot remove your tenants by force. If the notice period expires and your tenants do not leave the property, you can start the process of eviction through the courts.\n\n## If your tenants want to leave\n\n## Tenancies\n\nThe tenancy agreement should say how much notice your tenants need to give before they can leave the property.\n\nTenants are responsible for paying rent for their entire fixed-term tenancy. They can move out early without paying rent for the full tenancy if:\n\n- there is a break clause in their tenancy agreement\n\n- you agree to ending the tenancy early\n\nThey can also leave if their tenancy is up after giving their notice (whether it is fixed-term or not).\n\n## Licence agreements\n\nIf the licence automatically runs out after a specific date and your lodger wants to end the agreement, they should let you know this before the licence runs out.\n\n## If your tenant dies without an executor or a will\n\nThe tenancy is transferred temporarily to the Public Trustee if a tenant dies:\n\n- without a will\n\n- with a will but without an executor\n\nYou cannot take back a property automatically even if the tenancy was due to end.\n\nYou may be fined if you try to repossess a property without following the rules.\n\n## Reclaim your property\n\nYou must:\n\n- post or deliver a letter to the tenant\u2019s last known address saying you\u2019re giving written notice\n\n- email a copy of your notice and a completed NL1 form to the Public Trustee\n\n- pay an application fee to the Public Trustee to register the notice\n\n## Give notice\n\nAddress the written notice to: \u201cThe Personal Representative of [full name of the tenant who died] of [last known address for the tenant who died]\u201d.\n\n## Email the notice and NL1 form to the Public Trustee\n\nOrder a NL1 application form to register a notice from OyezStore or from Shaws. The form costs no more than \u00a38.26.\n\nYou\u2019ll get it by post. Email a copy of the notice and a scan of your completed NL1 form to osptcontrolunit@ospt.gov.uk.\n\nYou must buy a new form for each application - you cannot use a photocopy. You can make your own version of the form, as long as it\u2019s laid out in the same way and includes all the relevant information.\n\n## Pay the application fee\n\nIt costs \u00a340 to register the notice. You can only pay by Bacs. Transfer the fee to the following account:\n\n| Sort code | Account number | Account name |\n\n| 80 26 50 | 10014069 | The Public Trustee |\n\nInclude the name of the deceased in the payment reference.\n\n## Get a decision about your application\n\nThe Public Trustee will register or reject your application. You should get an email within 15 working days of the Public Trustee getting your application and payment.\n\nIf your application is registered, you\u2019ll be told the date it was put in the register.\n\nIf your application is rejected, for example because it\u2019s incomplete, you\u2019ll be told why the Public Trustee cannot register it.\n\nYou can search the Public Trustee\u2019s register if your notice is registered, for example to check that you can legally rent the property again or sell it.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/tenancy-agreements-a-guide-for-landlords", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am planning to rent out my home on a short-term basis. I am uncertain as to whether I will need to use it again in the future, and so I want the option to be able to terminate my tenant's rent at any time. The prospective tenant has agreed to have this put in the contract.", + "original_question": "Is there an agreement that can be made with the tenant for this purpose?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2298", + "question": "Scenario: My brother and his partner are tenants in common. They are now officially married and would like to have full rights to the property. They want to change the property ownership from tenants in common to joint tenants. The property is currently owned by two persons\n\nQuestion: Can that be possible?\n\nDocument - Joint property ownership:\n## Overview\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou must decide which type of joint ownership you want if you buy, inherit or become a trustee of a property with someone else. You tell HM Land Registry about this when you register the property.\n\nYou can own a property as either \u2018joint tenants\u2019 or \u2018tenants in common\u2019.\n\nThe type of ownership affects what you can do with the property if your relationship with a joint owner breaks down, or if one owner dies.\n\nYou can get legal advice from someone who specialises in property.\n\n## Joint tenants\n\nAs joint tenants (sometimes called \u2018beneficial joint tenants\u2019):\n\n- you have equal rights to the whole property\n\n- the property automatically goes to the other owners if you die\n\n- you cannot pass on your ownership of the property in your will\n\n## Tenants in common\n\nAs tenants in common:\n\n- you can own different shares of the property\n\n- the property does not automatically go to the other owners if you die\n\n- you can pass on your share of the property in your will\n\n## Change your type of ownership\n\nYou can change from being either:\n\n- joint tenants to tenants in common, for example if you divorce or separate and want to leave your share of the property to someone else\n\n- tenants in common to joint tenants, for example if you get married and want to have equal rights to the whole property\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to do this.\n\nYou can also change from sole ownership to tenants in common or joint tenants, for example, if you want to add your partner as joint owner. This is called transferring ownership.\n\n## Sell the property if the other owner has lost mental capacity\n\nYou\u2019ll have to apply to the Court of Protection if you want to sell the property but the other owner has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019.\n\n## Check your ownership details\n\nYou can find out what type of joint ownership you have by checking documents such as a:\n\n- property transfer\n\n- property lease\n\n- trust deed, also known as a \u2018declaration of trust\u2019 (a document stating an owner\u2019s share in a jointly owned property)\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can help you check what type of joint ownership you have if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nYour type of ownership can sometimes change without your knowledge, for example if one of the other owners goes bankrupt.\n\n## Change from joint tenants to tenants in common\n\nThis is called \u2018severance of joint tenancy\u2019. You should apply for a \u2018Form A restriction\u2019.\n\nYou can make this change without the other owners\u2019 agreement.\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.\n\n## How to apply if the other owners do not agree to the change\n\n- Serve a written notice of the change (a \u2018notice of severance\u2019) on the other owners - a conveyancer can help you do this.\n\n- Download and fill in form SEV to register a restriction without the other owners\u2019 agreement. You can also fill in form RX1 to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if you cannot provide any of the evidence of severance options listed in form SEV.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou should include an original or certified copy of the notice of severance signed by all the owners.\n\nIf you cannot get the other owners\u2019 signatures you can instead send a letter certifying that you\u2019ve done one of the following with the notice of severance:\n\n- given it to all the other owners\n\n- left it at the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address in the UK\n\n- sent it by registered post or recorded delivery to the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address and it has not been returned undelivered\n\n## How to apply if the other owners agree to the change\n\n- Download and fill in form SEV to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if all owners agree.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Where to send your application\n\n## Change from tenants in common to joint tenants\n\nYou need the agreement of all the other joint owners to change from being tenants in common to joint tenants.\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Fill in a new or updated trust deed - a conveyancer can help you do this.\n\n- Download and fill in the form to cancel a restriction, if one has been registered.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou must include one of the following:\n\n- an original or certified copy of the new or updated trust deed signed by all the owners\n\n- a certified copy of a transfer showing that all owners with individual shares of the property have transferred these to all the beneficial joint tenants\n\n- a certificate from your conveyancer confirming that all owners with shares of the property have signed a new trust deed\n\nYou must also include either:\n\n- a statutory declaration prepared by your conveyancer\n\n- a \u2018statement of truth\u2019 - either one you\u2019ve prepared yourself or using form ST5\n\nA statement of truth must be:\n\n- in writing and include the wording \u201cI believe that the facts and matters contained in this statement are true\u201d\n\n- signed by the person who makes it\n\nThe supporting documents must prove all the following:\n\n- nobody else except the named joint owners have shares of the property\n\n- none of the joint owners is being made bankrupt, has a charging order from creditors or is mortgaging their share of the property\n\n- all the joint owners now own the property together as beneficial joint tenants\n\n## Where to send your application\n\n## Selling when an owner has lost mental capacity\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re one of 2 or more owners of property or land\n\n- one of the owners has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019\n\n- you want to sell the property or land\n\nLosing mental capacity means someone cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made.\n\nThis means that:\n\n- the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity cannot sign legally binding documents and needs help to make decisions\n\n- you\u2019ll have to apply to appoint someone to take the place of the owner who\u2019s lost capacity so the sale can go ahead\n\n## Appoint someone to act on behalf of an owner\n\nYou\u2019ll have to appoint someone to act on behalf of the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity even if:\n\n- you\u2019re already acting on behalf of an owner as a \u2018deputy\u2019\n\n- the Official Solicitor is a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 for an owner\n\nYou may not need to apply if you\u2019ve got a registered power of attorney.\n\nRead the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to find out if you need to apply.\n\n## Get the forms\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- the Court of Protection application form (COP1) so you can appoint someone who can deal with the sale of the property\n\n- the special undertaking by trustees (COP12)\n\n- an information form (COP1D)\n\n- the witness statement (COP24) - use the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to fill this in\n\n- another witness statement (COP24) as a certificate of fitness (for example, a character reference) if you\u2019re not appointing yourself or your solicitor to act for the owner\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3365 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.\n\nRead the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.\n\n## Enquiries\n\nContact the Court of Protection for help and to find out if you need to fill in other forms.\n\nYou can also write to the Court of Protection or visit the public counter.\n\nYou cannot get legal advice from court staff.\n\n## Send your application\n\nSend the original and one copy of each of the following to the Court of Protection:\n\n- the application forms\n\n- witness statement\n\n- a copy of the entries at HM Land Registry if the sale includes any registered land\n\n- a copy of the conveyance if the property is unregistered\n\n- any other documents and information asked for\n\n## Tell people about your application\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms, stamped with an issue date, a week after you apply.\n\nYou must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) anyone named in your application (such as the person who\u2019s lost capacity) about applying within 14 days of the issue date.\n\nRead the guidance at the end of application form COP1 to find out who to tell.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about this\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirm you\u2019ve told people\n\nWithin 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the forms (\u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:\n\n- the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity (COP20A)\n\n- other people named in the application (COP20B)\n\nSend them all together to the Court of Protection.\n\n## After you apply\n\nRead the guidance to find out what happens if you have to attend a Court of Protection hearing.\n\nUpdate the property records after you\u2019ve appointed someone to act for the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity.\n\n## If your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing\n\nYou can ask for a decision to be reconsidered if your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in application form COP9.\n\nSend the original, one copy of the form and any documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the decision being made.\n\nIt\u2019s free.\n\n## If your application is rejected and you had a hearing\n\nYou can appeal the decision if your application is rejected and you had an oral hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in the appellant\u2019s notice (COP35).\n\nSend it and any other documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the decision being made or within the time limit set by the judge who rejected your application.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3320 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.\n\nRead the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.\n\n## Emergency applications\n\nContact the Court of Protection to make an emergency application, for example to stop someone who lacks mental capacity being removed from where they live.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My brother and his partner are tenants in common. They are now officially married and would like to have full rights to the property. They want to change the property ownership from tenants in common to joint tenants. The property is currently owned by two persons", + "original_question": "Can that be possible?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2301", + "question": "Scenario: I own some land that has an old tree. This tree is protected by a preservation order. The roots of this tree are damaging the foundations of my house. My application to cut it down was rejected 20 days ago.\n\nQuestion: Am I still able to appeal against this decision, if there are 5 days until the tree replacement notice comes into effect?\n\nDocument - Appeal a decision about a tree preservation order:\n## When you can appeal\n\nYour council makes decisions about work on trees protected by preservation orders.\n\nYou can appeal if you applied to cut down or carry out work on a protected tree and:\n\n- you disagree with the decision\n\n- a decision was not made within 8 weeks\n\nYou can also appeal if you disagree with a tree replacement notice you\u2019ve been given.\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for appealing.\n\n## Deadline for appealing\n\nYou must appeal:\n\n- within 28 days of the date on the council\u2019s decision notice\n\n- before the date the tree replacement notice comes into effect\n\nThere\u2019s no deadline if you\u2019re appealing because your application was not decided within 8 weeks.\n\n## When you can expect a decision\n\nOnce your appeal is validated, you\u2019ll normally get a decision within 27 weeks.\n\n## How to appeal\n\nFill in a tree preservation order appeal form or a tree replacement notice appeal form.\n\nYou also need:\n\n- a copy of the council\u2019s decision or notice\n\n- any other documents that directly support your appeal\n\nEmail these documents with your completed appeal form to the council who made the decision and the Planning Inspectorate.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), you cannot currently appeal by post.\n\n## After you appeal\n\nThe Planning Inspectorate will check your appeal to make sure it\u2019s valid. They\u2019ll tell you what happens next and how long your appeal may take.\n\nTheir decision about your appeal will be based on:\n\n- the information you send\n\n- a site visit\n\n- your council\u2019s documents, for example the tree preservation order\n\nYour case officer will write to you if they need more information.\n\nYou\u2019ll normally get a decision within 27 weeks.\n\n## Interested parties\n\nThe council may decide to contact anyone who commented on your original application (\u2018interested parties\u2019). Your case officer will consider the statements any interested parties made.\n\nInterested parties cannot make any further comments during the appeal but can withdraw their original statement.\n\n## If anyone behaves unreasonably\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018award of costs\u2019 if anyone involved in your appeal has cost you money by behaving unreasonably, for example missing deadlines. However, you might have to pay another party\u2019s costs too.\n\nYou can complain about how the Planning Inspectorate handled your appeal. There\u2019s no time limit for complaints.\n\n## If you disagree with the appeal decision\n\nYou can challenge the decision in the High Court if you think the Planning Inspectorate made a legal mistake.\n\nGet advice from a lawyer if you\u2019re unsure about this.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/appeal-decision-about-tree-order", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I own some land that has an old tree. This tree is protected by a preservation order. The roots of this tree are damaging the foundations of my house. My application to cut it down was rejected 20 days ago.", + "original_question": "Am I still able to appeal against this decision, if there are 5 days until the tree replacement notice comes into effect?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2304", + "question": "Scenario: I am one of two tenants owning a property as joint tenants. I want to sell the property, but the other tenant has lost the mental capacity to make a decision, and the lasting power of attorney which they had registered beforehand has been activated, with myself as the attorney.\n\nQuestion: Do I have to appoint someone to represent the other tenant?\n\nDocument - Joint property ownership:\n## Overview\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou must decide which type of joint ownership you want if you buy, inherit or become a trustee of a property with someone else. You tell HM Land Registry about this when you register the property.\n\nYou can own a property as either \u2018joint tenants\u2019 or \u2018tenants in common\u2019.\n\nThe type of ownership affects what you can do with the property if your relationship with a joint owner breaks down, or if one owner dies.\n\nYou can get legal advice from someone who specialises in property.\n\n## Joint tenants\n\nAs joint tenants (sometimes called \u2018beneficial joint tenants\u2019):\n\n- you have equal rights to the whole property\n\n- the property automatically goes to the other owners if you die\n\n- you cannot pass on your ownership of the property in your will\n\n## Tenants in common\n\nAs tenants in common:\n\n- you can own different shares of the property\n\n- the property does not automatically go to the other owners if you die\n\n- you can pass on your share of the property in your will\n\n## Change your type of ownership\n\nYou can change from being either:\n\n- joint tenants to tenants in common, for example if you divorce or separate and want to leave your share of the property to someone else\n\n- tenants in common to joint tenants, for example if you get married and want to have equal rights to the whole property\n\nThere\u2019s no fee to do this.\n\nYou can also change from sole ownership to tenants in common or joint tenants, for example, if you want to add your partner as joint owner. This is called transferring ownership.\n\n## Sell the property if the other owner has lost mental capacity\n\nYou\u2019ll have to apply to the Court of Protection if you want to sell the property but the other owner has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019.\n\n## Check your ownership details\n\nYou can find out what type of joint ownership you have by checking documents such as a:\n\n- property transfer\n\n- property lease\n\n- trust deed, also known as a \u2018declaration of trust\u2019 (a document stating an owner\u2019s share in a jointly owned property)\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can help you check what type of joint ownership you have if you\u2019re unsure.\n\nYour type of ownership can sometimes change without your knowledge, for example if one of the other owners goes bankrupt.\n\n## Change from joint tenants to tenants in common\n\nThis is called \u2018severance of joint tenancy\u2019. You should apply for a \u2018Form A restriction\u2019.\n\nYou can make this change without the other owners\u2019 agreement.\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.\n\n## How to apply if the other owners do not agree to the change\n\n- Serve a written notice of the change (a \u2018notice of severance\u2019) on the other owners - a conveyancer can help you do this.\n\n- Download and fill in form SEV to register a restriction without the other owners\u2019 agreement. You can also fill in form RX1 to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if you cannot provide any of the evidence of severance options listed in form SEV.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou should include an original or certified copy of the notice of severance signed by all the owners.\n\nIf you cannot get the other owners\u2019 signatures you can instead send a letter certifying that you\u2019ve done one of the following with the notice of severance:\n\n- given it to all the other owners\n\n- left it at the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address in the UK\n\n- sent it by registered post or recorded delivery to the other owners\u2019 last known home or business address and it has not been returned undelivered\n\n## How to apply if the other owners agree to the change\n\n- Download and fill in form SEV to register a \u2018form A restriction\u2019 if all owners agree.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and supporting documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Where to send your application\n\n## Change from tenants in common to joint tenants\n\nYou need the agreement of all the other joint owners to change from being tenants in common to joint tenants.\n\nA solicitor, conveyancer or legal executive can also make the application for you.\n\n## How to apply\n\n- Fill in a new or updated trust deed - a conveyancer can help you do this.\n\n- Download and fill in the form to cancel a restriction, if one has been registered.\n\n- Prepare any supporting documents you need to include.\n\n- Send the form and documents to HM Land Registry\u2019s Citizen Centre. There\u2019s no fee.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nYou must include one of the following:\n\n- an original or certified copy of the new or updated trust deed signed by all the owners\n\n- a certified copy of a transfer showing that all owners with individual shares of the property have transferred these to all the beneficial joint tenants\n\n- a certificate from your conveyancer confirming that all owners with shares of the property have signed a new trust deed\n\nYou must also include either:\n\n- a statutory declaration prepared by your conveyancer\n\n- a \u2018statement of truth\u2019 - either one you\u2019ve prepared yourself or using form ST5\n\nA statement of truth must be:\n\n- in writing and include the wording \u201cI believe that the facts and matters contained in this statement are true\u201d\n\n- signed by the person who makes it\n\nThe supporting documents must prove all the following:\n\n- nobody else except the named joint owners have shares of the property\n\n- none of the joint owners is being made bankrupt, has a charging order from creditors or is mortgaging their share of the property\n\n- all the joint owners now own the property together as beneficial joint tenants\n\n## Where to send your application\n\n## Selling when an owner has lost mental capacity\n\nYou must apply to the Court of Protection if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re one of 2 or more owners of property or land\n\n- one of the owners has lost \u2018mental capacity\u2019\n\n- you want to sell the property or land\n\nLosing mental capacity means someone cannot make a decision for themselves at the time it needs to be made.\n\nThis means that:\n\n- the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity cannot sign legally binding documents and needs help to make decisions\n\n- you\u2019ll have to apply to appoint someone to take the place of the owner who\u2019s lost capacity so the sale can go ahead\n\n## Appoint someone to act on behalf of an owner\n\nYou\u2019ll have to appoint someone to act on behalf of the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity even if:\n\n- you\u2019re already acting on behalf of an owner as a \u2018deputy\u2019\n\n- the Official Solicitor is a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 for an owner\n\nYou may not need to apply if you\u2019ve got a registered power of attorney.\n\nRead the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to find out if you need to apply.\n\n## Get the forms\n\nDownload and fill in:\n\n- the Court of Protection application form (COP1) so you can appoint someone who can deal with the sale of the property\n\n- the special undertaking by trustees (COP12)\n\n- an information form (COP1D)\n\n- the witness statement (COP24) - use the guidance on the sale of jointly owned property (COP GN2) to fill this in\n\n- another witness statement (COP24) as a certificate of fitness (for example, a character reference) if you\u2019re not appointing yourself or your solicitor to act for the owner\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3365 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.\n\nRead the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.\n\n## Enquiries\n\nContact the Court of Protection for help and to find out if you need to fill in other forms.\n\nYou can also write to the Court of Protection or visit the public counter.\n\nYou cannot get legal advice from court staff.\n\n## Send your application\n\nSend the original and one copy of each of the following to the Court of Protection:\n\n- the application forms\n\n- witness statement\n\n- a copy of the entries at HM Land Registry if the sale includes any registered land\n\n- a copy of the conveyance if the property is unregistered\n\n- any other documents and information asked for\n\n## Tell people about your application\n\nThe Court of Protection will send you a copy of your application forms, stamped with an issue date, a week after you apply.\n\nYou must tell (\u2018serve\u2019) anyone named in your application (such as the person who\u2019s lost capacity) about applying within 14 days of the issue date.\n\nRead the guidance at the end of application form COP1 to find out who to tell.\n\nSend them:\n\n- a notice that an application form has been issued (COP15)\n\n- an acknowledgment form (COP5) so they can confirm they\u2019ve been told about this\n\nYou can tell them:\n\n- by post to their home address\n\n- by fax\n\n- in person\n\n## Confirm you\u2019ve told people\n\nWithin 7 days of serving the documents, you must download and fill in the forms (\u2018certificates of service\u2019) confirming you\u2019ve told:\n\n- the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity (COP20A)\n\n- other people named in the application (COP20B)\n\nSend them all together to the Court of Protection.\n\n## After you apply\n\nRead the guidance to find out what happens if you have to attend a Court of Protection hearing.\n\nUpdate the property records after you\u2019ve appointed someone to act for the owner who\u2019s lost mental capacity.\n\n## If your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing\n\nYou can ask for a decision to be reconsidered if your application is rejected and you did not have a hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in application form COP9.\n\nSend the original, one copy of the form and any documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the decision being made.\n\nIt\u2019s free.\n\n## If your application is rejected and you had a hearing\n\nYou can appeal the decision if your application is rejected and you had an oral hearing.\n\nDownload and fill in the appellant\u2019s notice (COP35).\n\nSend it and any other documents asked for in the form to the Court of Protection.\n\nYou must apply within 21 days of the decision being made or within the time limit set by the judge who rejected your application.\n\n## Fees\n\nIt costs \u00a3320 to apply. You might have to pay an additional \u00a3485 if the court decides there needs to be a hearing.\n\nRead the fees guidance to find out when you might not have to pay.\n\n## Emergency applications\n\nContact the Court of Protection to make an emergency application, for example to stop someone who lacks mental capacity being removed from where they live.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/joint-property-ownership", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am one of two tenants owning a property as joint tenants. I want to sell the property, but the other tenant has lost the mental capacity to make a decision, and the lasting power of attorney which they had registered beforehand has been activated, with myself as the attorney.", + "original_question": "Do I have to appoint someone to represent the other tenant?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2305", + "question": "Scenario: I am 21 and live in London. I passed my driving test and received my license 3 months ago. I own a car, and am now shopping around for car insurance. My insurer offers the Pass Plus discounts.\n\nQuestion: Can taking the Pass Plus course get me a discount on my car insurance?\n\nDocument - Pass Plus:\n## Overview\n\nPass Plus is a practical training course that takes at least 6 hours and is for drivers to improve their skills and drive more safely.\n\nIt can be taken at any time although it should be most useful to new drivers in the year after passing their test.\n\nYou\u2019ll need a Pass Plus registered approved driving instructor (ADI) to teach you.\n\nIt may help you get a car insurance discount if you successfully complete the course.\n\n## Booking Pass Plus\n\nYou need to book Pass Plus with an approved driving instructor (ADI) who is registered with Pass Plus.\n\nYou can contact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) to check if an instructor is registered with Pass Plus. You\u2019ll need their name and ADI number.\n\n## Fees\n\nPass Plus fees depend on where you live, the instructor or driving school and how long your training takes.\n\nSome local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs.\n\n## Local councils offering discounts\n\nSome local councils can offer discounts off the full Pass Plus training costs\n\nContact your borough, town, city or county council if they are listed to see if they can help you with the cost of your training.\n\nYou must live in the council\u2019s area to be eligible for the discount.\n\n## East Midlands\n\n## North-west\n\n## South-east\n\n## South-west\n\n## Scotland\n\n## Wales\n\nAll local councils in Wales offer discounted Pass Plus courses. Go to Pass Plus Cymru for more information.\n\n## How Pass Plus training works\n\nPass Plus training takes at least 6 hours. It has 6 modules, covering driving:\n\n- in town\n\n- in all weathers\n\n- on rural roads\n\n- at night\n\n- on dual carriageways\n\n- on motorways\n\nAll modules should be practical sessions, although local conditions may mean some are theory based. You\u2019ll normally spend at least 5.5 hours driving.\n\nYou will not take a test but you\u2019ll be assessed throughout the course. To pass you\u2019ll have to reach the required standard in all modules.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) Pass Plus team for more information.\n\n## Apply for a Pass Plus certificate\n\nYou must apply for your own Pass Plus certificate if you want one.\n\nYou need a certificate if you want a discount on your car insurance.\n\nYou\u2019ll get a training report form from your instructor when you\u2019ve reached the required standard in all modules. You and your instructor must sign the form.\n\nContact the Driver and Vehicle Standards Agency (DVSA) Pass Plus team to apply for your certificate.\n\n## Car insurance discounts\n\nOnce you\u2019ve completed Pass Plus you may be able to get a car insurance discount. You\u2019ll need your Pass Plus certificate.\n\nCheck with insurers that you can still get a discount if you passed your practical driving test more than a year ago.\n\nThe amount of discount depends on the insurance company. Not all insurers offer Pass Plus discounts.\n\nYou might be able to put the discount on hold for up to 2 years if you do not have a car at the moment - check with the insurance company first.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/pass-plus", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 21 and live in London. I passed my driving test and received my license 3 months ago. I own a car, and am now shopping around for car insurance. My insurer offers the Pass Plus discounts.", + "original_question": "Can taking the Pass Plus course get me a discount on my car insurance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2306", + "question": "Scenario: I am 42 and partially sighted, which requires me to be accompanied by my guide dog Bella when out in public. I wish to visit London, and will be arriving by train. The taxi driver that I have hailed does not have an exemption certificate.\n\nQuestion: If I hail a taxi at the station, is the driver obliged to allow my guide dog to accompany me in the car?\n\nDocument - Transport support services for disabled people:\n## Trains\n\nYou can give National Rail train companies advance notice if you think you\u2019ll need any help from staff.\n\nYou can also check if a station has accessible facilities.\n\n## Wheelchairs on trains\n\nOn mainline (intercity, suburban and cross-country) trains there\u2019s space for your wheelchair. Put your chair in this space and use the brakes (or switch your wheelchair\u2019s power off) when the train\u2019s moving.\n\n## How to get help\n\nAll licensed train companies must be able to tell you:\n\n- what services and facilities are available\n\n- how to get assistance - including when there are disruptions\n\nThis is called an Accessible Travel Policy (ATP). You can get a copy of an ATP from the train company.\n\n## Disabled person\u2019s railcard\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible you can get up to a third off rail tickets by applying for a disabled person\u2019s railcard. You must provide evidence of a relevant disability.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the train company directly.\n\nIf you cannot resolve the complaint, you may be able to complain to the Rail Ombudsman. They can only consider complaints about companies that have joined the Rail Ombudsman scheme.\n\n## Planes\n\nTell your airline at least 48 hours before departure if you\u2019ll need help.\n\nAirlines and airports have different facilities for disabled people. Find out from your airport or airline if they have the facilities you need, for example a toilet with disabled access.\n\n## Help at the airport\n\nIf you have a sensory, physical or learning disability which affects your mobility when using transport, at airports in the UK and EU you have the right to:\n\n- help at specific arrival points, such as at terminal entrances, at transport interchanges and in car parks\n\n- help to reach check-in\n\n- help with registration at check-in\n\n- help with moving through the airport if you need it, including to toilets\n\n- help to board the plane\n\nYou\u2019ll also have the right to help because of your age or a temporary illness or injury - for example if you\u2019ve broken your leg and it\u2019s in a cast.\n\nYou can travel with up to 2 items of mobility equipment free of charge if you\u2019re disabled. This will not count as part of your baggage allowance.\n\n## Help on the plane\n\nIf you have a sensory, physical or learning disability which affects your mobility on a flight, in the UK and EU you have the right to:\n\n- get information about your flight in a way you understand it\n\n- help to find a seat that is suited to your needs\n\n- help to move around the plane, including to toilets\n\n## Taking your wheelchair on the plane\n\nYou cannot take your own wheelchair into the passenger cabin of a plane - it will be stored in the hold. Speak to your airline to find out what help they\u2019ll provide when boarding.\n\nTell your airline, travel agent or tour operator as soon as possible if you\u2019re taking on a battery-powered wheelchair or mobility aid.\n\n## Travelling with a companion\n\nYou must travel with a companion if you\u2019re not self reliant, for example if you need help with feeding, breathing, using medication or using the toilet.\n\nThe airline you\u2019re flying with will do their best to make sure you sit next to each other, so long as you tell them at least 48 hours before departure.\n\n## Travelling with an assistance dog\n\nYou have the right to travel with your assistance dog. You\u2019ll need to follow the rules on pet travel.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the airport or airline directly.\n\nIf you cannot resolve the problem with them, you can complain to either:\n\n- an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) body\n\n- the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) if the airline or airport does not have an agreement with an ADR\n\n## Cars, buses and coaches\n\nFind out what you need to do if you\u2019re driving and you have a medical condition or disability, for example learning to drive and getting insured.\n\nYou may be able to get a Blue Badge so you can park closer to where you want to go.\n\n## The Motability Scheme\n\nThe Motability Scheme can help you with leasing a car, powered wheelchair or scooter.\n\n## Buses and coaches\n\nYou can get a bus pass for free travel if you\u2019re disabled. Passes from councils in England can be used anywhere in England:\n\n- at any time on a Saturday, Sunday or bank holiday\n\n- from 9:30am to 11pm on any other day\n\nFor travel outside of these times, contact the relevant council.\n\n## Help getting on and off\n\nThe law says bus and coach drivers must give reasonable assistance to disabled people, for example by helping them get on and off the bus or coach. This does not mean physically lifting passengers or heavy mobility equipment.\n\nIf you need help to get on and off a coach, you should ask for this when you book your ticket.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the bus or coach service operator directly.\n\nIf you cannot resolve the problem with the operator, contact:\n\n- Bus Users UK for complaints about services outside of London\n\n- London TravelWatch for complaints about services in London\n\n- your local government ombudsman for complaints about bus passes\n\n## Taxis and minicabs\n\nLicensed taxis can be hailed on the street, picked up at ranks or pre-booked, but you can only pre-book minicabs (also called \u2018private hire vehicles\u2019).\n\n## Wheelchair access\n\nIn some areas (mainly larger cities), licensed taxis have to be wheelchair accessible.\n\nTo find out if there are accessible taxis near you, contact the taxi licensing office at your local council.\n\n## London taxis\n\nIn London, all black cabs are wheelchair accessible.\n\nSome of the newer \u2018black cabs\u2019 are also fitted with induction loops and intercoms for hearing aid users.\n\n## Assistance dogs\n\nIf you travel with an assistance dog they must be allowed into the taxi or minicab with you, unless the driver has an exemption certificate. This can be issued if they\u2019ve got a medical condition made worse by contact with dogs.\n\nA driver with an exemption certificate will have a \u2018Notice of Exemption\u2019 notice on their vehicle windscreen.\n\nIt\u2019s illegal to be charged extra to travel in a taxi or minicab with an assistance dog. Otherwise the driver could be fined up to \u00a31,000.\n\nThe following types of dog can be taken with you in taxis or minicabs:\n\n- guide dogs\n\n- hearing dogs\n\n- assistance dogs trained by Dogs for the Disabled, Support Dogs or Canine Partners\n\n## Travelling with your dog\n\nTaxi and private hire vehicle drivers have been told how to identify assistance dogs.\n\nYour assistance dog should wear its harness or identification jacket when you are travelling with it. If an identification card was issued for the dog, this should also be carried.\n\nDogs should remain on the floor and under control at all times. If your dog causes any damage to the vehicle, the driver could ask you to pay for it.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nAs well as the rules on wheelchairs and assistance dogs, all taxi and minicab drivers must make sure they do not discriminate against you and cannot treat you less favourably than other customers. They should also make any \u2018reasonable adjustments\u2019 to their service for you to make your journey easier.\n\nYou should report any problems to the taxi licensing office at your local council.\n\n## Ships\n\nYou can get help if you\u2019re disabled and travelling on any of the following:\n\n- a cruise ship that\u2019s leaving from a port within the UK\n\n- a ferry that\u2019s leaving from or going to a port within the UK\n\n- a local ferry service, for example by river bus\n\nIf you need to make specific arrangements for your journey (for example if you have certain accommodation or seating requirements), you should tell the cruise line, ferry service, travel agent or tour operator at least 48 hours before departure.\n\n## Travelling with a carer\n\nYou should let the cruise line or ferry service know if you need to travel with a carer. On a ferry, your carer might be able to travel for free.\n\n## Help getting on and off\n\nTell the cruise line or ferry service at least 48 hours before departure if you need help getting on and off the ship.\n\n## Report a problem\n\nIf you\u2019re unhappy with the help you get, complain to the cruise line or ferry service company directly.\n\nIf it cannot be resolved you can contact an independent organisation to look into your complaint.\n\nIn England or Wales, you can contact:\n\n- Association of British Travel Agents (ABTA), for complaints about ferries\n\n- London Travel Watch, for complaints about London River Bus services\n\n- Cruise Line International Association (CLIA), for complaints about cruises\n\nIn Scotland, you can contact Transport Scotland.\n\nIn Northern Ireland, you can contact the Consumer Council of Northern Ireland.\n\n## Wheelchairs\n\nShopmobility lends wheelchairs and powered scooters to people who are disabled so they can shop or visit leisure facilities in a town, city or shopping centre.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/transport-disabled", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 42 and partially sighted, which requires me to be accompanied by my guide dog Bella when out in public. I wish to visit London, and will be arriving by train. The taxi driver that I have hailed does not have an exemption certificate.", + "original_question": "If I hail a taxi at the station, is the driver obliged to allow my guide dog to accompany me in the car?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2308", + "question": "Scenario: I am a 32 year old who is planning to come to the UK on a family visa, along with my 10 year old son and 34 year old spouse. We have a combined income of \u00a320,000. My son is a citizen of Iceland, and does not have settled status in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Is our income enough for us to be allowed to the UK on a family visa?\n\nDocument - Family visas: apply, extend or switch:\n## Overview\n\nYou need a family visa to live with a family member in the UK for more than 6 months.\n\n## Applying from outside the UK\n\nYou can apply for a family visa to live with your:\n\n- spouse or partner\n\n- fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- child\n\n- parent\n\n- relative who\u2019ll provide long-term care for you\n\nIf you\u2019re visiting the UK for 6 months or less, check if you need a Standard Visitor visa or Marriage Visitor visa.\n\n## Extending your family visa\n\nYou can apply to extend your stay with your family member if you\u2019re already in the UK on a family visa.\n\nYou can extend at any time before your current permission to stay in the UK expires.\n\nIf you\u2019re extending to stay with the same family member, you\u2019ll only get up to 28 days left on your current stay added to your new visa.\n\nYou must live in the UK for a certain amount of time before you\u2019re eligible for settlement (\u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019). Before you extend your visa, check how much time you need to settle in the UK.\n\nYou might be able to apply to stay on the basis of your private life if you\u2019ve lived in the UK for many years already.\n\n## Switching to a family visa\n\nIf you came to the UK on a different visa, you might be able to switch to a family visa to stay with your:\n\n- spouse or partner\n\n- child\n\n- parent\n\nYou can switch at any time before your current permission to stay in the UK expires.\n\n## If you do not meet the rules because of coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus, you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Fees\n\nHow much it costs depends on how you apply.\n\n| | Apply outside the UK | Apply in the UK |\n\n| Cost if joining your partner, parent or child | \u00a31,523 | \u00a31,033 |\n\n| Cost for each dependant added to your application | \u00a31,523 each person | \u00a31,033 each person |\n\n| Cost for an adult who needs to be looked after by a relative | \u00a33,250 | \u00a31,033 |\n\nLet your bank know that a large amount of money will be coming out of your account - otherwise it might cancel your payment.\n\n## Healthcare surcharge\n\nYou might also need to pay the healthcare surcharge as part of your application.\n\n## If you\u2019re applying to extend or switch in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\n## Get a faster decision on your application\n\nIf you\u2019re applying from the UK, you may be able to pay an extra \u00a3800 for the super priority service to get a faster decision.\n\nYou cannot use the super priority service if you\u2019re applying as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative.\n\nOnce you\u2019ve got your decision letter, your biometric residence permit will take up to 10 working days to arrive.\n\n## How long it takes\n\nIf you apply outside the UK a decision will usually be made within 12 weeks.\n\nIf you apply in the UK a decision will usually be made within 8 weeks of your application date if you use the standard service.\n\nIf you use the super priority service a decision will usually be made:\n\n- by the end of the next working day after providing your biometric information if your appointment is on a weekday\n\n- 2 working days after providing your biometric information if your appointment is at the weekend\n\nWorking days are Monday to Friday, not including bank holidays.\n\nIt might take longer if your application is complex, for example you:\n\n- do not meet the minimum income requirement\n\n- cannot prove your knowledge of English\n\n- need to attend an interview\n\n- have not provided all the evidence that the Home Office needs\n\n- have a criminal conviction or another personal circumstance that needs to be reviewed\n\n## Other ways you can stay\n\n## You were the victim of domestic abuse or your partner died\n\nYou might be able to apply to settle in the UK if you had permission to stay in the UK as a partner when either:\n\n- you were the victim of domestic abuse\n\n- your partner died\n\n## Your family member has refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nYou might be able to apply for \u2018family reunion\u2019 to join a partner or parent who has either:\n\n- refugee status in the UK\n\n- humanitarian protection in the UK\n\n## If you or your family are from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein\n\nIf you or a close family member started living in the UK before 1 January 2021, you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme. Otherwise you need a visa or family permit to come to the UK.\n\nIrish citizens do not need to apply for a visa or to the EU Settlement Scheme.\n\n## When you cannot get a family visa\n\nIn some circumstances you cannot apply for, or switch to, a family visa.\n\n## Your family member has a work visa or student visa\n\nYou cannot apply for a family visa if your family member is in the UK temporarily on a work visa or student visa.\n\nYou can apply to stay with them as a dependant instead.\n\n## You have a visitor visa or a visa for 6 months or less\n\nYou\u2019ll usually need to leave the UK to apply for a family visa if either:\n\n- you have permission to be in the UK as a visitor\n\n- your visa is for 6 months or less\n\nHowever, you might be able to switch to a family visa in the UK if you have either:\n\n- a 6-month family visa as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- permission to stay in the UK for the outcome of a family court case or divorce\n\n## Apply as a partner or spouse\n\nTo apply as a partner, you and your partner both need to be 18 or over.\n\nYour partner must also either:\n\n- be a British or Irish citizen\n\n- have settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- have a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nYou and your partner must intend to live together permanently in the UK after you apply.\n\nIf your partner has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for a family permit.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need to prove\n\nYou must be able to prove one of the following:\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership or marriage that\u2019s recognised in the UK\n\n- you\u2019ve been living together in a relationship for at least 2 years when you apply\n\n- you are a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner and will marry or enter into a civil partnership in the UK within 6 months of arriving\n\nIf your wedding or civil ceremony has been delayed because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to request an extension or apply to extend your stay. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\nYou also need to prove you:\n\n- have a good knowledge of English\n\n- can financially support yourself and your dependants\n\nIf you do not meet these requirements you may still be able to apply for a visa or extend your permission to stay if:\n\n- you have a child in the UK who is a British or Irish citizen or has lived in the UK for 7 years and it would be unreasonable for them to leave the UK\n\n- there would be very significant difficulties for you and your partner if you lived together as a couple outside the UK that could not be overcome\n\n- it would breach your human rights to stop you coming to the UK or make you leave\n\n## If you\u2019re applying as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\nYou must prove that:\n\n- any previous marriages or civil partnerships have ended\n\n- you plan to marry or become civil partners within 6 months of arriving in the UK\n\nIf your wedding or civil ceremony has been delayed because of COVID-19, you might still be able to request an extension or apply to extend your stay. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\nYou will not be able to work during your engagement.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years and 9 months on this visa. If you\u2019re applying as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner, you can stay for 6 months.\n\nAfter this you\u2019ll need to apply to extend your stay.\n\n## If you extend or switch to this visa\n\nIf you extend your family visa or switch to this visa you can stay in the UK for 2 years and 6 months.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re in the UK or not.\n\n## Outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online from outside the UK.\n\n## In the UK\n\nYou must apply online in the UK.\n\n## If you cannot pay the fee\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Applying with your children\n\nYou can add children to your application as dependants if both of the following apply:\n\n- they are under 18 when you apply, or were under 18 when they were first granted leave\n\n- they do not live an independent life\n\nYour child is living an independent life if, for example, they\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\n## When you can settle permanently\n\nThe earliest you can apply to settle in the UK (called \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) is after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years continuously on a family visa as a partner.\n\nYou cannot include time you\u2019ve spent in the UK:\n\n- on any other visa\n\n- as a fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\nThe rules are different if you applied before 9 July 2012.\n\n## If you applied before 9 July 2012\n\nYou can only extend your family visa if all the following are true:\n\n- you were given permission to stay in the UK as a partner before 9 July 2012\n\n- you are not eligible to settle in the UK\n\n- you have not been granted or refused another visa\n\nYou must also prove that:\n\n- you and your partner have enough money to financially support yourself and your dependants without relying on public funds\n\n- you have knowledge of English\n\n## Apply as a parent\n\nYou can apply to live in the UK to care for your child.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible to apply as a partner, you must do that instead of applying as a parent.\n\nYour child must either:\n\n- be under 18 on the date you apply\n\n- have been under 18 when you were first granted leave and not live an independent life\n\nYour child is living an independent life if, for example, they\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\nYour child must be living in the UK. One of the following must also be true:\n\n- they\u2019re a British or Irish citizen\n\n- they\u2019ve settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- they\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- if you\u2019re applying in the UK, they must have lived in the UK for 7 years continuously and it would not be reasonable for them to leave\n\nIf your child has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Parental responsibility\n\nYou need to have sole or shared parental responsibility for your child.\n\nIf you share parental responsibility, the child\u2019s other parent must not be your partner. They must also either:\n\n- be a British or Irish citizen\n\n- have settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- be from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\nIf the child lives with their other parent or carer, you must have access to the child in person, as agreed with the other parent or carer or by a court order.\n\n## What you\u2019ll need to prove\n\nYou must be able to prove that you\u2019re taking an active role in your child\u2019s upbringing and you plan to continue after you apply. For example you could provide letters from your child\u2019s:\n\n- school confirming you take them to school or go to parent evenings\n\n- doctor, dentist, or health visitor confirming that you take them to appointments\n\n- other parent confirming how much contact you have with your child\n\nIf you provide a letter from the other parent, you\u2019ll need to include proof of their identity. This should be an official document which has their signature on it, for example a copy of their passport, tax return or photocard driving licence.\n\n## English language and financial requirements\n\nYou must also prove you:\n\n- have a good knowledge of English\n\n- can financially support yourself without claiming public funds\n\nIf your child or any other dependants live with you, you must also prove you can financially support them without claiming public funds.\n\nIf you do not meet the English language and financial requirements you can still extend your permission to stay if:\n\n- your child in the UK is a British or Irish citizen or has lived in the UK for 7 years\n\n- it would be unreasonable for them to leave the UK\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nYou can stay in the UK for 2 years and 9 months on this visa. After this you\u2019ll need to apply to extend your stay.\n\nIf you extend your family visa or switch to this visa you can stay in the UK for 2 years and 6 months.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nHow you apply depends on whether you\u2019re in the UK or not.\n\n## Outside the UK\n\nYou must apply online outside the UK. You must also complete Appendix 5.\n\n## In the UK\n\nYou must apply online in the UK.\n\nIf you cannot afford to pay the fee, you must also apply online to waive the fee. You might not have to pay the fee if you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\nRead the guidance for parents before applying.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Applying with other children\n\nYou can add other children to your application as dependants if one of the following applies:\n\n- they are under 18 on the date you apply\n\n- they were under 18 when they were first granted leave on a family visa and do not live an independent life\n\n## When you can settle permanently\n\nThe earliest you can apply to settle in the UK (called \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) is after you\u2019ve lived in the UK for 5 years continuously on a family visa as a parent.\n\nYou cannot include time you\u2019ve spent in the UK on any other visa.\n\nThe rules are different if you applied before 9 July 2012.\n\n## Apply as a child\n\nYou can apply for a family visa to join your parent in the UK.\n\nYou may not need a family visa if at least one of your parents has indefinite leave to remain or proof of permanent residence. Check if you can apply to settle in the UK.\n\nIf your parent has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for an EU Settlement Scheme family permit.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## You were born in the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll get the same permission to stay as your parent if you were born in the UK.\n\n## If you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou can either:\n\n- be added to your parent\u2019s next application as a dependant\n\n- apply separately\n\nTo apply separately, you\u2019ll need to know what kind of permission to stay in the UK (\u2018limited leave to remain\u2019) your parent has.\n\n## If you\u2019re over 18\n\nYour parent can only include you in their application as a dependant if you:\n\n- got permission to come to or stay in the UK (\u2018leave to enter or remain\u2019) on a family visa when you were under 18\n\n- do not live an independent life\n\n- are applying from inside the UK\n\nYou\u2019re living an independent life if, for example, you\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\n## You were born outside the UK\n\nWhether you can apply depends on your age and how your parent applied.\n\n## If you\u2019re under 18\n\nYou must:\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership or living an independent life\n\n- be financially supported without claiming public funds\n\nOne of your parents must also be applying or have applied for a visa or to extend their permission to stay as a:\n\n- partner - and the partner they\u2019re joining is your other parent\n\n- parent - and they have sole parental responsibility for you\n\nOtherwise, you might still be eligible to apply if there are serious reasons to let you come to, or stay in the UK and there are plans for your care.\n\n## If you\u2019re over 18\n\nYour parent can include you in their application as a dependant, or you can apply separately yourself. You can only apply if you:\n\n- got permission to stay in the UK (\u2018leave to remain\u2019) on a family visa when you were under 18\n\n- do not live an independent life\n\nYou\u2019re living an independent life if, for example, you\u2019ve left home, got married and had children.\n\nIf your parent cannot include you in their form and you\u2019re in the UK, you may be eligible to apply for Private Life in the UK (10-year route).\n\n## Apply from outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\n## Apply at the same time as your parent\n\nWhich form you need to fill in depends on whether your parent is applying to enter the UK as the partner of one of the following:\n\n- a British or Irish citizen\n\n- a person with indefinite leave to remain\n\n- a person settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- a person from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein who has pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- a person with a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- a person with refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nIf they are applying as one of these, you must fill in the Appendix FM online form.\n\nIf they are not, you must fill in both:\n\n- the online application form\n\n- the Appendix 1 paper form\n\n## Apply separately\n\nWhich form you need to fill in depends on whether your parent has leave to enter or remain in the UK on a 5 or 10-year route to settlement as the partner of:\n\n- a British or Irish citizen\n\n- a person with indefinite leave to remain\n\n- a person settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- a person from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein who has pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- a person with a Turkish Businessperson visa or Turkish Worker visa\n\n- a person with refugee status or humanitarian protection\n\nIf they do, you must fill in the Appendix FM online form.\n\nIf they do not, you must fill in both:\n\n- the online application form\n\n- the Appendix 1 paper form\n\n## Apply from the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nIf you\u2019re already in the UK, you must apply online.\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\nYou can also check if you\u2019re eligible for a different type of visa.\n\n## Get help to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Apply as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative\n\nYou must be outside the UK to apply and need long-term care from a parent, grandchild, brother, sister, son or daughter who is living permanently in the UK.\n\nOne of the following must also apply to the relative:\n\n- they\u2019re a British or Irish citizen\n\n- they\u2019ve settled in the UK - for example, they have indefinite leave to remain, settled status or proof of permanent residence\n\n- they\u2019re from the EU, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland or Liechtenstein and have pre-settled status - they must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021\n\n- they have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nIf your family member has settled status you may be able to apply to the free EU Settlement Scheme or for a family permit.\n\nYou must prove all of the following:\n\n- you need long-term care to do everyday personal and household tasks because of illness, disability or your age\n\n- the care you need is not available or affordable in the country you live in\n\n- the person you\u2019ll be joining in the UK will be able to support, accommodate and care for you without claiming public funds for at least 5 years\n\n- you\u2019re 18 or over\n\n## How long you can stay for\n\nHow long you can stay depends on the status of your family member.\n\n## If your family member is British, Irish or settled in the UK\n\nYour stay is unlimited. You will not need to apply to extend or settle.\n\n## If your family member has pre-settled status\n\nThey must have started living in the UK before 1 January 2021. You can stay as long as your family member stays. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or settle when they do.\n\n## If your family member has refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\nYou can stay as long as your family member stays. You\u2019ll need to apply to extend or settle when they do.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\nYou must apply as an adult dependent relative online and complete Appendix 1.\n\n## Apply to extend your stay\n\nApply online to extend your stay in the UK.\n\n## Apply on the basis of your private life\n\nYou can only apply on the basis of your private life if you\u2019re already living in the UK.\n\nYou must be able to prove that you\u2019re:\n\n- under 18 and you\u2019ve lived in the UK continuously for at least 7 years, and it would be unreasonable to expect you to leave the UK\n\n- between 18 and 24 and you\u2019ve lived continuously in the UK for more than half your life\n\n- 18 or over, have spent less than 20 years in the UK and would have very significant problems living in the country you\u2019d have to go to - for example, you do not speak the language and could not learn it\n\n- 25 or over and you\u2019ve been in the UK continuously for 20 years\n\nYour family members can apply on the same application - you\u2019ll be considered separately.\n\nIf you do not meet the rules to enter or remain in the UK because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply to extend your stay or switch to a family visa. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## How to apply\n\nYou must apply online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to prepare information and documents to provide with your application.\n\n## If you cannot pay the application fee\n\nFill in the online fee waiver request form as well if you cannot afford to pay the fee because you:\n\n- do not have a place to live and you cannot afford one\n\n- have a place to live but cannot afford your essential living costs like food or heating\n\n- have a very low income and paying the fee would harm your child\u2019s wellbeing\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with completing the online form if you:\n\n- do not feel confident using a computer or mobile device\n\n- do not have internet access\n\nYou can only use this service if you\u2019re applying in the UK.\n\nYou cannot get immigration advice through this service.\n\n## Knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to prove your knowledge of the English language when you apply.\n\n## When you do not need to prove it\n\nYou do not need to prove your knowledge of English or take a test if one of the following is true:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a child\n\n- you\u2019re applying as an adult coming to be cared for by a relative\n\n- you\u2019ve been in the UK on a family visa for 5 years and you\u2019re extending it as a partner or parent\n\n- you\u2019re over 65\n\n- you have a physical or mental condition that prevents you from meeting the requirement\n\nYou also will not need to prove your knowledge of English if you\u2019re a national of one of the following countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Canada\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\n## How to prove your knowledge of English\n\nYou can prove it with an academic qualification, or by taking a test.\n\n## Academic qualifications\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English if you have a degree or academic qualification that was taught or researched in English.\n\nIf your qualification is from a UK university or college, you only need your degree certificate.\n\n## If your qualification is from a university or college outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide a certificate from Ecctis (formerly UK NARIC) to show that your qualification is equivalent to a UK bachelor\u2019s degree or higher and that it was taught in English.\n\nThere are 2 kinds of certificate:\n\n- a statement of comparability\n\n- a visa and nationality statement\n\nYou need a statement of comparability if you got your qualification from a university or college in one of these countries:\n\n- Antigua and Barbuda\n\n- Australia\n\n- the Bahamas\n\n- Barbados\n\n- Belize\n\n- Dominica\n\n- Grenada\n\n- Guyana\n\n- Ireland\n\n- Jamaica\n\n- Malta\n\n- New Zealand\n\n- St Kitts and Nevis\n\n- St Lucia\n\n- St Vincent and the Grenadines\n\n- Trinidad and Tobago\n\n- USA\n\nIf you got your qualification from a university or college in any other country, you need a visa and nationality statement.\n\n## Take an approved English language test\n\nYou can prove your knowledge of English by passing an approved English language test.\n\nYou must pass at least level A1 on the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) scale for your first visa application. You can choose to take a higher level test.\n\nIf you pass level B1 level or higher, the test will be accepted if it\u2019s still on the list of approved English language tests when you apply for settlement after 5 years.\n\nIf you cannot take an English language test because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might be able to apply for an exemption. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## If you want to settle permanently in the UK within 5 years\n\nYou may have to pass a higher CEFR level if you want to stay in the UK after 2.5 years. What you need to do depends on what CEFR level you passed for your first visa.\n\nIf you passed:\n\n- level A1 you\u2019ll need to pass level A2 in speaking and listening\n\n- level A2, B1, B2, C1 or C2 you can use the test again for your application if it\u2019s still on the list of approved English language tests\n\nIf you were given an exemption, you\u2019ll need to pass a test at level A1.\n\nRead the English language requirement: family members guidance.\n\n## Give proof of your income\n\nYou and your partner must have a combined income of at least \u00a318,600 a year if:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a partner\n\n- you want to settle in the UK (get \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) within 5 years\n\nYou must prove you have extra money if you have children who:\n\n- are not British or Irish citizens\n\n- do not have pre-settled status\n\n- are not permanently settled in the UK\n\nYou might not need to prove you have extra money if your children are citizens of the EU, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland and they do not have pre-settled status or are not permanently settled in the UK. Check the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information.\n\nIf you need to prove extra money for your children, you\u2019ll need to earn an extra:\n\n- \u00a33,800 for your first child\n\n- \u00a32,400 for each child you have after your first child\n\nThis is called the \u2018minimum income requirement\u2019.\n\nYou may be able to use your savings instead of income.\n\nHow you prove you have the money depends on how you got the income.\n\nIf you\u2019ve experienced a loss of income because of coronavirus (COVID-19), for example if you\u2019ve been furloughed or you\u2019re self employed, you might still be able to apply. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## What counts as income\n\nYou and your partner can use:\n\n- income from employment before tax and National Insurance (check your P60 or payslips) - you can only use your own income if you earn it in the UK\n\n- income you earn from self-employment or as a director of a limited company in the UK - check your Self Assessment tax return\n\n- cash savings above \u00a316,000\n\n- money from a pension\n\n- non-work income, for example from property rentals or dividends\n\nIf you\u2019re using income from self-employment or employment, you\u2019ll need to prove you or your partner received that income for 6 months or more.\n\n## What proof you need to give\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide proof of your income with your application. If you or your partner are employed, you could include:\n\n- bank statements showing you or your partner\u2019s income\n\n- 6 months of payslips\n\n- a letter from an employer, dated and on headed paper\n\nThe employer\u2019s letter should confirm:\n\n- you or your partner are employed there\n\n- the job title or position you or your partner hold\n\n- how long you or your partner have worked there\n\n- the type of contract (for example, permanent, fixed term)\n\n- what you or your partner earn before tax and National Insurance\n\n- how long you or your partner have been paid your current salary\n\n- the payslips are genuine\n\nYou\u2019ll be told exactly what documents to provide when you apply online.\n\nCheck the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement if:\n\n- you or your partner\u2019s income is more complicated\n\n- you or your partner have taken maternity or paternity leave in the last 6 months\n\n- you want to combine different income sources\n\nThe detailed guidance also explains the evidence you need to provide for each of the types of income you\u2019re relying on.\n\n## If you cannot meet the minimum income requirement\n\nYou need to show you and your partner meet the minimum income requirement if you want to settle in 5 years as a partner.\n\nIf you do not meet the requirement, you may be able to settle in 10 years.\n\n## When you do not need to meet the income requirement\n\nYou may be able to settle in 5 years without meeting the minimum income requirement if either:\n\n- you\u2019re applying as a parent\n\n- you get certain benefits, for example Disability Living Allowance or Carer\u2019s Allowance.\n\nYou need to show you and your family have enough money to adequately support and accommodate yourselves without relying on public funds. The caseworker considers your income and housing costs.\n\nCheck the guidance in appendix FM 1.7: financial requirement for more information\n\n## Information you must provide\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have information and some evidence ready when you make your application. Include information for you and any dependants applying at the same time.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to provide:\n\n- all your names\n\n- your date of birth\n\n- your current passport or other valid travel ID\n\n- copies of the photo page and any visa or entry stamps in your previous passports\n\n- a copy of your biometric residence permit, if you have one\n\n- details of any previous immigration applications you\u2019ve made\n\n- details of any criminal convictions\n\n- your national insurance number, if you have one\n\n- your parents\u2019 date of birth and nationality if you\u2019re applying from outside the UK\n\n- your tuberculosis test results if you\u2019re from a country where you have to take the test\n\n- a certified translation of any document that is not in English or Welsh\n\nYou\u2019ll need to have a blank page in your passport on which to put the visa if you\u2019re applying outside the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll need an email address to make an online application.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to:\n\n- give proof of your finances\n\n- prove your knowledge of English\n\nYou may need to provide additional documents depending on your circumstances - for example a sponsorship form from your family member in the UK.\n\nYou\u2019ll be told how to provide your documents when you apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to provide specified documents because of coronavirus (COVID-19), you might still be able to apply. Read the guidance for UK visa applicants and temporary UK residents.\n\n## Your partner\u2019s details\n\nIf you have a partner, you\u2019ll be asked about their:\n\n- name\n\n- date of birth\n\n- nationality\n\n- passport\n\n- right to be in the UK, for example they\u2019re a British citizen\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to give details of:\n\n- any people your partner was previously married to, in a civil partnership with or had children with\n\n- evidence of marriages ending, for example a divorce certificate\n\n- anyone your partner supports with money, for example their parents\n\n## Proof of relationship\n\nIf you\u2019re applying as a spouse or partner, you\u2019ll be asked about:\n\n- your relationship with your partner, for example how you met and how often you see each other\n\n- how long you\u2019ve lived together - you\u2019ll need to provide proof like council tax bills\n\n- things you pay for together\n\n- whether you\u2019re your partner\u2019s carer\n\n## Your previous partners\n\nYou\u2019ll need to include details of anyone you previously married or had children with. Include evidence of marriages ending, for example a divorce certificate.\n\n## Children\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of your children (and your partner\u2019s children if you have one). You\u2019ll be asked about all children, even if they\u2019re not applying.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of:\n\n- their name\n\n- their nationality\n\n- their date of birth\n\n- their passport details\n\n- who the child normally lives with\n\n- any other people with parental responsibility for your child, for example your step children\u2019s other parents\n\n- how you\u2019re involved in their day to day life\n\n- arrangements you have to see the child - for example the courts have granted you access\n\n- the child\u2019s extended family\n\n- any countries your child has visited or lived in\n\n## Your life outside the UK\n\nYou\u2019ll need to give details of:\n\n- countries outside the UK you\u2019ve lived in and visited\n\n- family and friends in the countries where you were born or have nationality\n\n## After you apply\n\nYou\u2019ll need to attend an appointment to provide your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo). You\u2019ll be told how to make an appointment when you apply.\n\n## Getting your documents back\n\nYou can ask for your passport and other documents to be returned if you\u2019ve provided them with your application but need them urgently.\n\nYou might have to cancel your application to get your documents back.\n\n## If your application is approved\n\nYou\u2019ll get a biometric residence permit.\n\nYou can:\n\n- work\n\n- study\n\nYou cannot work or study if you\u2019re applying for a visa or extending your stay to get married or become civil partners.\n\nYou cannot:\n\n- usually get benefits or other public funds for you or your dependants\n\n- apply to settle in the UK until you\u2019re eligible", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/uk-family-visa", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am a 32 year old who is planning to come to the UK on a family visa, along with my 10 year old son and 34 year old spouse. We have a combined income of \u00a320,000. My son is a citizen of Iceland, and does not have settled status in the UK.", + "original_question": "Is our income enough for us to be allowed to the UK on a family visa?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2314", + "question": "Scenario: My son is a British national aged 16 years old.He is a member of a local youth orchestra group and are planning a trip to Spain for sightseeing and some adventures for 14 days. I have a clean school photo that does not have any text or marks on it.\n\nQuestion: Can he use a school photo for group passport application?\n\nDocument - Collective (group) passports:\n## Overview\n\nIt takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.\n\nA collective (or group) passport is a way for an organised group of young people to make a trip to certain European countries.\n\nA collective passport costs \u00a339.\n\nYoung people should travel on their own passports if possible.\n\n## Who can use a collective passport\n\nThe passport is not for families but for groups such as:\n\n- schools and sixth form colleges\n\n- guides\n\n- scouts\n\n- other recognised youth organisations\n\nYou can have between 5 and 50 children on a group passport. If there are more than 50 in the group, you can split the group and apply for 2 or more passports.\n\nEveryone on the passport must be a British national and under 18 by the end of the trip.\n\nA group leader must be named on the passport. The passport is invalid if the group leader cannot travel, but if a deputy leader is named on the application, they can take over.\n\nThe group leader and deputy leader must:\n\n- be aged 21 or over\n\n- be a British citizen and have a British passport\n\n- be a UK resident\n\n## Countries you can visit\n\nThe countries you can travel to or through on a collective passport are:\n\n- Austria\n\n- Denmark\n\n- France\n\n- Italy\n\n- Malta\n\n- Norway\n\n- Romania\n\n- Spain\n\n- Switzerland\n\n## Check if you need a visa\n\nYou may need a visa if you\u2019re travelling on a group passport, even if you do not need one when travelling on an individual passport. Contact the country\u2019s embassy or consulate in the UK to check.\n\n## How to apply\n\nIt takes 6 weeks to issue collective passports. Do not book travel until you have a valid passport.\n\n- Download the application form.\n\n- Save it to your computer and fill it in (handwritten applications are not accepted).\n\n- Collect your supporting documents.\n\n- Email your completed application form to HMPassportofficeDurhamCollectives@hmpo.gov.uk.\n\n- Print a paper copy and get it signed by the group leader and deputy leader.\n\n- Send the paper copy with the \u00a339 fee and supporting documents to Collective Passport Applications.\n\n## Paying the fee\n\nInclude a cheque for \u00a339, payable to \u2018Her Majesty\u2019s Passport Office\u2019, or pay by credit or debit card using the card payment form - use capital letters to fill in the form.\n\n## Checks on your application\n\nHM Passport Office may contact your organisation to verify the application. Include a contact number on the form that will be answered during school holidays or your application could be delayed.\n\n## Supporting documents\n\nEach application must include:\n\n- a nationality questionnaire and parental consent form for each child\n\n- a collective passport photo identity card for each child\n\n- one supporting letter for the whole application\n\n## Nationality questionnaire and consent form\n\nThe nationality questionnaire and consent form (\u2018CPNQ\u2019 form) must be filled in by the person who can give consent for the child to travel. They must fill in either the:\n\n- form for a child born in the UK\n\n- form for a child born outside the UK\n\nDetails of who can give consent are on the form.\n\n## Request collective passport photo identity cards\n\nEmail your request for collective passport photo cards to HMPassportofficeDurhamCollectives@hmpo.gov.uk. Your email should include:\n\n- the number of cards you need\n\n- the full name and address of the school or organised group\n\n- a contact name and phone number\n\n## Complete collective passport photo identity cards\n\nEach card must be filled in with the child\u2019s details exactly as they appear on their nationality questionnaire and parental consent form.\n\nYou must attach a recent passport-sized photo to each card.\n\n## Rules for photos\n\nThe photos:\n\n- should be of a similar quality to standard passport photos\n\n- should not have been previously used on another document\n\n- must not be laminated or photocopies\n\nYou can use:\n\n- a school photo - as long as it does not have \u2018proof\u2019 written across it\n\n- printed digital photos\n\nThe group leader must complete their own details and sign the photo cards before submitting the application.\n\nEach child must sign their card before they travel.\n\n## Supporting letter\n\nEach application must include one supporting letter on headed paper confirming consent to the trip.\n\nIf the group is going abroad to perform (for example, in a sports competition) the letter must say:\n\n- all members of the group are amateurs\n\n- they will not get any payment\n\nIf children from more than one organisation are travelling together, you need a supporting letter from each organisation.\n\nThe letter must be signed - digital or photocopied signatures are not accepted.\n\nThe table shows who can supply and sign the supporting letter.\n\n| Type of organisation | Who can supply and sign the supporting letter |\n\n| School | The head teacher, a member of the board of governors or the education authority from each school making up the party |\n\n| Scout or guide group | The assistant county or area commissioner or someone from Association Headquarters |\n\n| Football or rugby club | Someone from the local football association or the league chairperson or secretary |\n\n| Swimming or judo clubs | Someone from the national headquarters |\n\n| Youth orchestras or choirs | Someone from the local education authority, or the vicar for church groups |\n\n| Army or Airforce cadets | The commanding officer or someone from the services authority |\n\n| Clubs or youth clubs | Someone from the local authority where the club is registered, or the national headquarters |\n\n| Registered charities | The director or a person in a similar position in the organisation |\n\n## Getting the passport changed\n\nCheck your passport when it arrives for mistakes. Children cannot travel if they\u2019re not on the passport.\n\n## If you need to amend the passport\n\nSend the passport back to HM Passport Office Collective Passport Applications with a letter explaining the reasons.\n\nIf your trip is postponed but you arrange alternative travel within the same season, you can usually get your passport amended free of charge.\n\nIf several changes are needed (for example, you\u2019re adding lots of names), you have to pay for a new one.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/collective-group-passports", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My son is a British national aged 16 years old.He is a member of a local youth orchestra group and are planning a trip to Spain for sightseeing and some adventures for 14 days. I have a clean school photo that does not have any text or marks on it.", + "original_question": "Can he use a school photo for group passport application?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2316", + "question": "Scenario: My husband died on the 30th of July 2021. He was born on the 4th October 1945. He was eligible and was receiving an additional state pension. He reached state pension age on the 4th October 2005\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to claim any of this state pension as inheritance?\n\nDocument - Additional State Pension:\n## Overview\n\nThe Additional State Pension is an extra amount of money you could get on top of your basic State Pension if you\u2019re:\n\n- a man born before 6 April 1951\n\n- a woman born before 6 April 1953\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou get the new State Pension if you were born on or after this date. You will not qualify for the Additional State Pension, but you might still be able to inherit Additional State Pension from your partner.\n\nYou get the Additional State Pension automatically if you\u2019re eligible for it, unless you\u2019ve contracted out of it.\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere is no fixed amount for the Additional State Pension.\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- how many years you paid National Insurance for\n\n- your earnings\n\n- whether you\u2019ve contracted out of the scheme\n\n- whether you topped up your basic State Pension (this was only possible between 12 October 2015 and 5 April 2017)\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## You reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou will not get the Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. You\u2019ll get the new State Pension.\n\n## You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\nIf you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and started claiming the basic State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get any Additional State Pension you\u2019re eligible for. There is no need to make a separate claim.\n\nYou may not get any Additional State Pension for periods when you were contracted out of it.\n\n## When you have contributed to the Additional State Pension\n\nThe Additional State Pension is made up of 3 schemes. You might have contributed to more than one, depending on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been working\n\n- whether you chose to top up your State Pension\n\n| Time | Scheme | You contributed if |\n\n| 2002 to 2016 | State Second Pension | You were employed or claiming certain benefits |\n\n| 1978 to 2002 | State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme (SERPS) | You were employed |\n\n| 12 October 2015 to 5 April 2017 | State Pension top up | You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and opted in |\n\n## The State Second Pension since 2002\n\nYou contributed through your National Insurance contributions if at any time between 6 April 2002 and 5 April 2016 you were:\n\n- employed and earning at least the lower earnings limit - this was \u00a35,824 in the 2015 to 2016 tax year\n\n- looking after children under 12 and claiming Child Benefit\n\n- caring for a sick or disabled person more than 20 hours a week and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- working as a registered foster carer and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- receiving certain other benefits due to illness or disability\n\n## Contracting out\n\nYou could only contract out of the Additional State Pension if your employer ran a contracted-out pension scheme. Check with them.\n\nWhile you were a member of a contracted-out workplace pension you did not contribute to the Additional State Pension. In some cases, you could get the Second State Pension even if you did not contribute, for example if your earnings were low.\n\nYou cannot contract out after 6 April 2016. If you were contracted out, your National Insurance contributions increased to your standard rate after this date.\n\nThe extra pension you get from a contracted-out pension scheme is usually the same as, or more than, the Additional State Pension you would have got if you did not contract out.\n\n## Check if you were contracted out\n\nYou can find out if you were contracted out by:\n\n- checking an old payslip\n\n- calling your pension provider\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service might be able to find your pension providers\u2019 contact details if you\u2019ve lost contact with them.\n\n## National Insurance while contracting out\n\nYou paid lower National Insurance contributions while you were contracted out if:\n\n- you earned between \u00a3155 and \u00a3770 a week\n\n- you were under State Pension age\n\n- you did not pay reduced rate National Insurance\n\n## What happens when you retire\n\nYou\u2019ll get a pension from your employer\u2019s workplace pension scheme.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou do not have to do anything to claim the Additional State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for an Additional State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get it when you claim your State Pension.\n\nAfter you claim, the Pension Service will write to you and tell you how much you\u2019re getting.\n\n## Inheriting Additional State Pension\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner dies, you may be able to inherit part of their Additional State Pension. Contact the Pension Service to check what you can claim and how.\n\n## Maximum State Second Pension you can inherit\n\nYou can inherit up to 50% of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s State Second Pension.\n\n## Maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit\n\nThe maximum you can inherit depends on when your spouse or civil partner died.\n\nIf they died before 6 October 2002, you can inherit up to 100% of their SERPS pension.\n\nIf they died on or after 6 October 2002, the maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit depends on their date of birth.\n\n| Man\u2019s date of birth | Woman\u2019s date of birth | Maximum % of SERPS and State Pension top up you can inherit |\n\n| 5 October 1937 or before | 5 October 1942 or before | 100% |\n\n| 6 October 1937 to 5 October 1939 | 6 October 1942 to 5 October 1944 | 90% |\n\n| 6 October 1939 to 5 October 1941 | 6 October 1944 to 5 October 1946 | 80% |\n\n| 6 October 1941 to 5 October 1943 | 6 October 1946 to 5 October 1948 | 70% |\n\n| 6 October 1943 to 5 October 1945 | 6 October 1948 to 5 July 1950 | 60% |\n\n| 6 October 1945 and after | 6 July 1950 and after | 50% |\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner died within 90 days of topping up their State Pension, the top up should have been refunded to their estate (their total property, money and possessions), minus any payments they received before they died. This means you will not inherit the top up as part of their Additional State Pension.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nAny Additional State Pension you inherit will be paid on top of your State Pension when you reach State Pension age.\n\n## If you get your own Additional State Pension\n\nThe maximum amount of Additional State Pension you can get is \u00a3180.31 per week.\u00a0The limit does not include State Pension top up.\n\n## If you get Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou may inherit Additional State Pension before you reach State Pension age. You\u2019ll stop receiving it if your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance ends.\n\nYou may receive it again when you reach State Pension age if you were over 45 when you were entitled to Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance or Bereavement Allowance ended before you were 55, you\u2019ll receive less Additional State Pension.\n\n## When you cannot inherit Additional State Pension\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if you remarry or form another civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.\n\nThe date you reach State Pension age also affects whether you can inherit Additional State Pension.\n\n## If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2010\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if they died before they reached their State Pension age and after you reached yours.\n\nThis does not apply if you\u2019re a woman who was married to:\n\n- a man\n\n- a woman who legally changed their gender from male to female during your marriage\n\n## If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if either:\n\n- your spouse or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2016 and reached (or would have reached) State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\n- you started your marriage or civil partnership on or after 6 April 2016\n\n## If you get divorced\n\nIf you get divorced or your civil partnership is dissolved the court can decide that your Additional State Pension should be shared as part of the financial settlement.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to fill in form BR20 to give details of your Additional State Pension.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "My husband died on the 30th of July 2021. He was born on the 4th October 1945. He was eligible and was receiving an additional state pension. He reached state pension age on the 4th October 2005", + "original_question": "Will I be able to claim any of this state pension as inheritance?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2317", + "question": "Scenario: A friend of mine and his family want to apply for settlement as refugees. We have been friends for about 2 years now and his family has been living in the UK for the past 7 or so years. The family of my friend is dependant on him and already live in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Are they eligible to apply for settlement as refugees?\n\nDocument - Settlement: refugee or humanitarian protection:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply to settle in the UK (known as \u2018indefinite leave to remain\u2019) if you\u2019ve got a residence card as a:\n\n- refugee\n\n- person with humanitarian protection\n\nCheck if you\u2019re eligible in the relevant category.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person who\u2019s been given humanitarian protection.\n\n## Family members\n\nYou may be able to include your partner and any children on your settlement application if they\u2019re already in the UK as your dependants. This includes children born in the UK.\n\nCheck if your family member is eligible.\n\nIf your application is successful, your family members will have the same permission to stay in the UK as you do.\n\n## If you cannot include your family members on your settlement application\n\nIf your family was formed before you left your country, your partner and children can apply to be reunited with you in the UK.\n\nYour family members must apply for a visa to join you in the UK if one of the following is true:\n\n- they\u2019re not eligible to apply as a partner or a child\n\n- your family was formed after you left your country\n\nIf your application is successful, your family members will have permission to stay in the UK for the same length of time as you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYou can apply after 5 years in the UK as either:\n\n- a refugee\n\n- someone with humanitarian protection\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nYour settlement application may be refused if you\u2019ve got a criminal record or been in prison - read why applications are refused.\n\nIf you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them to the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement as a refugee or person with humanitarian protection.\n\n## Family reunion\n\nYour partner or child may be able to join or stay with you in the UK if:\n\n- you were part of a family before you were forced to leave your country\n\n- you have refugee status, 5 years\u2019 humanitarian protection or settlement on protection grounds but do not yet have British citizenship\n\nYour partner or child cannot join you if:\n\n- you have not received a decision on your asylum claim\n\n- you\u2019re under 18\n\nIf their application is successful, your family members will be allowed to come to or stay in the UK with the same permission as you.\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour partner and any children must meet the following requirements.\n\n## Partner\n\nYour partner is someone you\u2019re in a genuine relationship with. You must be able to prove one of the following:\n\n- you\u2019re married\n\n- you\u2019re in a civil partnership\n\nIf you\u2019re not married or in a civil partnership, your partner may be able to join you if:\n\n- you were given refugee status or humanitarian protection on or after 9 October 2006\n\n- you\u2019ve lived together in a relationship like in a marriage or civil partnership for 2 years and you\u2019ve been given asylum or humanitarian protection after 9 October 2006\n\nYou and your partner must intend to live together and continue your relationship after they apply.\n\n## Children\n\nYour child is:\n\n- under the age of 18\n\n- going to live with you and your partner\n\n- not married or in a civil partnership\n\n## Apply outside the UK\n\nYour partner or child must apply online for family reunion.\n\nYou can apply on behalf of your child but, in most cases, your partner must make their own application.\n\nThey\u2019ll also have to complete application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.\n\nThey\u2019ll need to have their fingerprints and photograph (known as \u2018biometric information\u2019) taken at a visa application centre as part of their application.\n\n## North Korea\n\nYour partner or child cannot apply online if they\u2019re applying from North Korea.\n\nThey need to download application form VAF4A with Appendix 4.\n\nThey should read the guidance on filling in the form and the instructions for North Korea.\n\n## Apply in the UK\n\nYour partner or child can apply to stay with you in the UK if all the following are true:\n\n- you have refugee status or humanitarian protection in the UK\n\n- they\u2019re making their first application to stay with you and they\u2019re already in the UK\n\n- they can prove their relationship pre-dates your departure from your home country because of persecution\n\nThey must apply by letter to:\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen your family member applies, they\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a Service and Support Centre to provide their biometric information (their fingerprints and a photo) and have their supporting documents checked.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for family reunion for eligible family members.\n\n## Family applying as dependants\n\nIf you\u2019re a refugee or have humanitarian protection, your family members can apply for settlement on the same form as you if they\u2019re already in the UK.\n\nFamily members are:\n\n- your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 2 years before applying to settle)\n\n- your child or children - born in the UK or abroad\n\n## Eligibility\n\nYour family members must either have been given permission to be in the UK with you:\n\n- as your dependant, at the same time you were granted asylum or Humanitarian Protection\n\n- using the family reunion route\n\nA child of yours born in the UK who is not a British citizen is also eligible.\n\nYou need to provide evidence of your relationship - check the application form.\n\n## Children over 18\n\nYou can only include your children over 18 in your settlement application if:\n\n- they were granted as your dependant when you got your original grant of asylum and leave to enter or remain\n\n- they were granted leave to enter or remain by applying for family reunion\n\n## Other exceptions\n\nYou cannot include a partner or other dependant who:\n\n- already has permission to be in the UK in another category\n\n- is currently in the UK without permission\n\n## Apply\n\nYou must apply online. You\u2019ll be told what documents you need to provide when you apply.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who are applying on your form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them to the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.\n\n## When to apply\n\nYou should apply during the last month of your current permission to be in the UK.\n\n## Fees\n\nThere\u2019s no fee for applying for settlement for a family member.\n\n## If your application is refused\n\nIf you have a criminal record or have been in prison, you may be refused settlement.\n\nIf you still need humanitarian protection or are a refugee, you can stay in the UK for 3 more years. Your refusal letter will explain what you\u2019ve been offered instead of settlement.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/settlement-refugee-or-humanitarian-protection", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "A friend of mine and his family want to apply for settlement as refugees. We have been friends for about 2 years now and his family has been living in the UK for the past 7 or so years. The family of my friend is dependant on him and already live in the UK.", + "original_question": "Are they eligible to apply for settlement as refugees?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2319", + "question": "Scenario: I am 23 years old. I have just got a new job that will have a salary of \u00a318,000 per year. I do not want to pay into a pension at this time. I have spent my entire life working in the UK.\n\nQuestion: Does my employer need to automatically enrol me onto a pension?\n\nDocument - Workplace pensions:\n## About workplace pensions\n\nA workplace pension is a way of saving for your retirement that\u2019s arranged by your employer.\n\nSome workplace pensions are called \u2018occupational\u2019, \u2018works\u2019, \u2018company\u2019 or \u2018work-based\u2019 pensions.\n\n## How they work\n\nA percentage of your pay is put into the pension scheme automatically every payday.\n\nIn most cases, your employer also adds money into the pension scheme for you. You may also get tax relief from the government.\n\n## Joining a workplace pension\n\nAll employers must provide a workplace pension scheme. This is called \u2018automatic enrolment\u2019.\n\nYour employer must automatically enrol you into a pension scheme and make contributions to your pension if all of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019re classed as a \u2018worker\u2019\n\n- you\u2019re aged between 22 and State Pension age\n\n- you earn at least \u00a310,000 per year\n\n- you usually (\u2018ordinarily\u2019) work in the UK (read the detailed guidance if you\u2019re not sure)\n\n## When your employer does not have to automatically enrol you\n\nYour employer usually does not have to automatically enrol you if you do not meet the previous criteria or if any of the following apply:\n\n- you\u2019ve already given notice to your employer that you\u2019re leaving your job, or they\u2019ve given you notice\n\n- you have evidence of your lifetime allowance protection (for example, a certificate from HMRC)\n\n- you\u2019ve already taken a pension that meets the automatic enrolment rules and your employer arranged it\n\n- you get a one-off payment from a workplace pension scheme that\u2019s closed (a \u2018winding up lump sum\u2019), and then leave and rejoin the same job within 12 months of getting the payment\n\n- more than 12 months before your staging date, you left (\u2018opted out\u2019) of a pension arranged through your employer\n\n- you\u2019re from an EU member state and are in a EU cross-border pension scheme\n\n- you\u2019re in a limited liability partnership\n\n- you\u2019re a director without an employment contract and employ at least one other person in your company\n\nYou can usually still join their pension if you want to. Your employer cannot refuse.\n\n## If your income is low\n\nYour employer does not have to contribute to your pension if you earn these amounts or less:\n\n- \u00a3520 a month\n\n- \u00a3120 a week\n\n- \u00a3480 over 4 weeks\n\n## What happens when you\u2019re automatically enrolled\n\nYour employer must write to you when you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled into their workplace pension scheme. They must tell you:\n\n- the date they added you to the pension scheme\n\n- the type of pension scheme and who runs it\n\n- how much they\u2019ll contribute and how much you\u2019ll have to pay in\n\n- how to leave the scheme, if you want to\n\n- how tax relief applies to you\n\n## Delaying your enrolment date\n\nYour employer can delay the date they must enrol you into a pension scheme by up to 3 months.\n\nIn some cases they may be able to delay longer if they\u2019ve chosen either:\n\n- a \u2018defined benefit\u2019 pension\n\n- a \u2018hybrid\u2019 pension (a mixture of defined benefit and defined contribution pensions) that allows you to take a defined benefit pension\n\nYour employer must:\n\n- tell you about the delay in writing\n\n- let you join in the meantime if you ask to\n\n## What your employer cannot do\n\nYour employer cannot:\n\n- unfairly dismiss or discriminate against you for being in a workplace pension scheme\n\n- encourage or force you to opt out\n\n## What you, your employer and the government pay\n\nThe amount you and your employer pay towards the pension depends on:\n\n- what type of workplace pension scheme you\u2019re in\n\n- whether you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled in a workplace pension or you\u2019ve joined one voluntarily (\u2018opted in\u2019)\n\nUse the Money Advice Service\u2019s contributions calculator to work out how much you and your employer will put in.\n\n## Tax relief\n\nThe government will usually add money to your workplace pension in the form of tax relief if both of the following apply:\n\n- you pay Income Tax\n\n- you pay into a personal pension or workplace pension\n\nEven if you do not pay Income Tax, you\u2019ll still get an additional payment if your pension scheme uses \u2018relief at source\u2019 to add money to your pension pot.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled\n\nYou and your employer must pay a percentage of your earnings into your workplace pension scheme.\n\nHow much you pay and what counts as earnings depend on the pension scheme your employer has chosen. Ask your employer about your pension scheme rules.\n\nIn most automatic enrolment schemes, you\u2019ll make contributions based on your total earnings between \u00a36,240 and \u00a350,270 a year before tax.\u00a0Your total earnings include:\n\n- salary or wages\n\n- bonuses and commission\n\n- overtime\n\n- statutory sick pay\n\n- statutory maternity, paternity or adoption pay\n\n## Workplace pension contributions\n\n| | The minimum your employer pays | You pay | Total minimum contribution |\n\n| From April 2019 | 3% | 5% | 8% |\n\nThese amounts could be higher for you or your employer because of your pension scheme rules. They\u2019re higher for most defined benefit pension schemes.\n\nIn some schemes, your employer has the option to pay in more than the legal minimum. In these schemes, you can pay in less as long as your employer puts in enough to meet the total minimum contribution.\n\n## If you\u2019ve voluntarily enrolled in a workplace pension\n\nYour employer must contribute the minimum amount if you earn more than:\n\n- \u00a3520 a month\n\n- \u00a3120 a week\n\n- \u00a3480 over 4 weeks\n\nThey do not have to contribute anything if you earn these amounts or less.\n\n## How your take-home pay changes\n\nJoining a workplace pension scheme means that your take-home income will be reduced. But this may:\n\n- mean you\u2019re entitled to tax credits or an increase in the amount of tax credits you get (although you may not get this until the next tax year)\n\n- mean you\u2019re entitled to an income-related benefit or an increase in the amount of benefit you get\n\n- reduce the amount of student loan repayments you need to make\n\n## Payments using salary sacrifice\n\nYou and your employer may agree to use \u2018salary sacrifice\u2019 (sometimes known as a \u2018SMART\u2019 scheme).\n\nIf you do this, you give up part of your salary and your employer pays this straight into your pension. In some cases, this will mean you and your employer pay less tax and National Insurance.\n\nAsk your employer if they use salary sacrifice.\n\n## Protection for your pension\n\nHow your pension is protected depends on the type of scheme.\n\n## Defined contribution pension schemes\n\n## If your employer goes bust\n\nDefined contribution pensions are usually run by pension providers, not employers. You will not lose your pension pot if your employer goes bust.\n\n## If your pension provider goes bust\n\nIf the pension provider was authorised by the Financial Conduct Authority and cannot pay you, you can get compensation from the Financial Services Compensation Scheme (FSCS).\n\n## Trust-based schemes\n\nSome defined contribution schemes are run by a trust appointed by the employer. These are called \u2018trust-based schemes\u2019.\n\nYou\u2019ll still get your pension if your employer goes out of business. But you might not get as much because the scheme\u2019s running costs will be paid by members\u2019 pension pots instead of the employer.\n\n## Defined benefit pension schemes\n\nYour employer is responsible for making sure there\u2019s enough money in a defined benefit pension to pay each member the promised amount.\n\nYour employer cannot touch the money in your pension if they\u2019re in financial trouble.\n\nYou\u2019re usually protected by the Pension Protection Fund if your employer goes bust and cannot pay your pension.\n\nThe Pension Protection Fund usually pays:\n\n- 100% compensation if you\u2019ve reached the scheme\u2019s pension age\n\n- 90% compensation if you\u2019re below the scheme\u2019s pension age\n\n## Fraud, theft or bad management\n\nIf there\u2019s a shortfall in your company\u2019s pension fund because of fraud or theft, you may be eligible for compensation from the Fraud Compensation Fund.\n\nContact one of the following organisations if you want to make a complaint about the way your workplace pension scheme is run:\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\n- the Pensions Ombudsman\n\n## Managing your pension\n\nYour pension provider will send you a statement each year to tell you how much is in your pension pot. You can also ask them for an estimate of how much you\u2019ll get when you start taking your pension pot.\n\n## What you see on your payslip\n\nYou do not need to do anything to get tax relief at the basic rate on your pension contributions. There are 2 types of arrangements:\n\n- net pay\n\n- relief at source\n\nCheck with your employer or pension provider which arrangement your workplace pension uses. This determines what you\u2019ll see on your payslip.\n\n## \u2018Net pay\u2019\n\nYour employer takes your contribution from your pay before it\u2019s taxed. You only pay tax on what\u2019s left. This means you get full tax relief, no matter if you pay tax at the basic, higher or additional rate.\n\nThe amount you\u2019ll see on your payslip is your contribution plus the tax relief.\n\nYou will not get tax relief if you do not pay tax, for example because you earn less than the tax threshold.\n\n## \u2018Relief at source\u2019\n\nYour employer takes your pension contribution after taking tax and National Insurance from your pay. However much you earn, your pension provider then adds tax relief to your pension pot at the basic rate.\n\nWith \u2018relief at source\u2019, the amount you see on your payslip is only your contributions, not the tax relief.\n\nYou may be able to claim money back if:\n\n- you pay higher or additional rate Income Tax\n\n- you pay higher or top rate Income Tax in Scotland\n\n## Tracing lost pensions\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service could help you find pensions you\u2019ve paid into but lost track of.\n\n## Nominate someone to get your pension if you die\n\nYou may be able to nominate (choose) someone to get your pension if you die before reaching the scheme\u2019s pension age. You can do this when you first join the pension or by writing to your provider.\n\nAsk your pension provider if you can nominate someone and what they\u2019d get if you die, for example regular payments or lump sums. Check your scheme\u2019s rules about:\n\n- who you can nominate - some payments can only go to a dependant, for example your husband, wife, civil partner or child under 23\n\n- whether anything can change what the person gets, for example when and how you start taking your pension pot, or the age you die\n\nYou can change your nomination at any time. It\u2019s important to keep your nominee\u2019s details up to date.\n\nSometimes the pension provider can pay the money to someone else, for example if the person you nominated cannot be found or has died.\n\n## Taking your pension\n\nMost pension schemes set an age when you can take your pension, usually between 60 and 65. In some circumstances you can take your pension early. The earliest is usually 55.\n\nSome companies offer to help you get money out of your pension before you\u2019re 55. Taking your pension early in this way could mean you pay tax of up to 55%.\n\nIf the amount of money in your pension pot is quite small, you may be able to take it all as a lump sum. You can take 25% of it tax free, but you\u2019ll pay Income Tax on the rest.\n\nHow you get money from your pension depends on the type of scheme you\u2019re in.\n\n## Defined contribution pension schemes\n\nYou\u2019ll need to decide how to take your money if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme.\n\n## Defined benefit pension schemes\n\nYou may be able to take some money as a tax-free lump sum if you\u2019re in a defined benefit pension scheme - check with your pension provider. You\u2019ll get the rest as a guaranteed amount each year.\n\n## Changing jobs and taking leave\n\n## If you change jobs\n\nYour workplace pension still belongs to you. If you do not carry on paying into the scheme, the money will remain invested and you\u2019ll get a pension when you reach the scheme\u2019s pension age.\n\nYou can join another workplace pension scheme if you get a new job.\n\nIf you do, you might be able to:\n\n- carry on making contributions to your old pension\n\n- combine the old and new pension schemes\n\nAsk your pension providers about your options.\n\nIf you move jobs but pay into an old pension, you may not get some of that pension\u2019s benefits - check if they\u2019re only available to current workers.\n\n## If you worked at your job for less than 2 years before you left\n\nIf you were in a defined benefit pension scheme for less than 2 years, you might be able to either:\n\n- get a refund on what you contributed\n\n- transfer the value of its benefits to another scheme (a \u2018cash sum transfer\u2019)\n\nThis depends on the type of defined benefit scheme and its rules. Check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.\n\n## Paid leave\n\nDuring paid leave, you and your employer carry on making pension contributions.\n\nThe amount you contribute is based on your actual pay during this time, but your employer pays contributions based on the salary you would have received if you were not on leave.\n\n## Maternity and other parental leave\n\nYou and your employer will continue to make pension contributions if you\u2019re getting paid during maternity leave.\n\nIf you\u2019re not getting paid, your employer still has to make pension contributions in the first 26 weeks of your leave (\u2018Ordinary Maternity Leave\u2019). They have to carry on making contributions afterwards if it\u2019s in your contract. Check your employer\u2019s maternity policy.\n\n## Unpaid leave\n\nYou may be able to make contributions if you want to - check with your employer or the pension scheme provider.\n\n## If you become self-employed or stop working\n\nYou may be able to carry on contributing to your workplace pension - ask the scheme provider.\n\nYou could use the National Employment Saving Trust (NEST) - a workplace pension scheme that working self-employed people or sole directors of limited companies can use.\n\nYou could set up a personal or stakeholder pension.\n\nYou can get help with your workplace pension options.\n\n## If you want to leave your workplace pension scheme\n\nWhat you do if you want to leave a workplace pension depends on whether you\u2019ve been \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019 in it or not.\n\n## If you have not been automatically enrolled\n\nCheck with your employer - they\u2019ll tell you what to do.\n\n## If you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled\n\nYour employer will have sent you a letter telling you that you\u2019ve been added to the scheme.\n\nYou can leave (called \u2018opting out\u2019) if you want to.\n\nIf you opt out within a month of your employer adding you to the scheme, you\u2019ll get back any money you\u2019ve already paid in.\n\nYou may not be able to get your payments refunded if you opt out later - they\u2019ll usually stay in your pension until you retire.\n\nYou can opt out by contacting your pension provider. Your employer must tell you how to do this.\n\n## Reducing your payments\n\nYou may be able to reduce the amount you contribute to your workplace pension for a short time. Check with both your employer and your pension provider to see if you can do this and how long you can do it for.\n\n## Opting back in\n\nYou can do this at any time by writing to your employer. They do not have to accept you back into their workplace scheme if you\u2019ve opted in and then opted out in the past 12 months.\n\n## Rejoining the scheme automatically\n\nYour employer will automatically re-enrol you in the scheme. They must do this either every 3 years (from the date you first enrolled), or they can choose to do it sooner. They\u2019ll write to you when they do this.\n\n## When you do not rejoin automatically\n\nIf you no longer qualify for the scheme, you will not be automatically re-enrolled.\n\nIf you chose to leave the scheme in the 12 months before the date you would have been re-enrolled, your employer does not have to automatically re-enrol you. But they can choose to re-enrol you.\n\n## Get help\n\nFor questions about the specific terms of your workplace pension scheme, talk to your pension provider or your employer.\n\nYou can get free, impartial information about your workplace pension options from:\n\n- the Money Advice Service\n\n- the Pensions Advisory Service\n\n- Pension Wise if you\u2019re in a defined contribution pension scheme\n\nYou can get impartial advice about workplace pensions from an independent financial adviser. You\u2019ll usually have to pay for the advice.\n\nFor general questions on workplace pensions contact the DWP Workplace Pension Information Line.\n\nOnly use the information line if you\u2019re a worker - employers should contact The Pensions Regulator.\n\n## Problems with being \u2018automatically enrolled\u2019\n\nContact the The Pensions Regulator if you have concerns about the way your employer is dealing with automatic enrolment.\n\nThe Pensions Advisory Service may also be able to help you.\n\n## If you\u2019re already paying into a personal pension\n\nCheck whether it\u2019s better for you to:\n\n- carry on with just your personal pension\n\n- stop paying into your personal pension and join your workplace pension\n\n- keep paying into both\n\n## If you\u2019re saving large amounts in pensions\n\nYou may have to pay a tax charge if your total savings in workplace pensions and any other personal pension scheme go above your:\n\n- lifetime allowance - \u00a31,055,000\n\n- annual allowance - usually the lowest out of \u00a340,000 or 100% of your annual income\n\nIf you start taking your pension pot your annual allowance could drop to as low as \u00a34,000.\n\n## If your pension scheme is closing\n\nThis can happen if your employer decides they do not want to use a scheme anymore or they can no longer pay their contributions. What happens to the money you paid in depends on the pension scheme you\u2019ve joined.\n\nIf you\u2019ve been automatically enrolled, your employer cannot close a pension scheme without automatically enrolling you into another one.\n\n## If you\u2019re getting a divorce\n\nYou and your spouse or partner will have to tell the court the value of each of your pension pots. You then have different options to work out what happens to your pension when you get a divorce.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/workplace-pensions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 23 years old. I have just got a new job that will have a salary of \u00a318,000 per year. I do not want to pay into a pension at this time. I have spent my entire life working in the UK.", + "original_question": "Does my employer need to automatically enrol me onto a pension?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2321", + "question": "Scenario: I am 72 years old, and last year I was advised by my GP to surrender my driving license due to my steadily declining eyesight (specifically, progressive night-blindness). I have since acquired a Class 3 invalid carriage (scooter) due to having problems walking. I am still more than capable of reading a car's license plate number from 15 meters away in a well lit environment.\n\nQuestion: Does my failing eyesight effect my entitlement to drive the scooter?\n\nDocument - Mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs: the rules:\n## Overview\n\nYou do not need a licence to drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, but you may have to register it. Only certain types can be driven on the road. The law calls these types of vehicles \u2018invalid carriages\u2019.\n\nMobility scooters and powered wheelchairs come in 2 categories:\n\n- \u2018class 2 invalid carriages\u2019 - these cannot be used on the road (except where there is not a pavement) and have a maximum speed of 4mph\n\n- \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019 - these can be used on the road, and have a maximum speed of 4mph off the road, and 8mph on the road\n\nYou do not need to register a class 2 invalid carriage.\n\nYou must register class 3 invalid carriages.\n\nYou must be 14 or over to drive a class 3 invalid carriage.\n\n## Rules for class 3 invalid carriages\n\nThe law calls mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs that can be used on the road \u2018class 3 invalid carriages\u2019. They must have the following features:\n\n- a maximum unladen weight of 150kg\n\n- a maximum width of 0.85 metres\n\n- a device to limit its speed to 4mph\n\n- a maximum speed of 8mph\n\n- an efficient braking system\n\n- front and rear lights and reflectors\n\n- direction indicators able to operate as a hazard warning signal\n\n- an audible horn\n\n- a rear view mirror\n\n- an amber flashing light if it\u2019s used on a dual carriageway\n\nYou could be stopped by the police if your class 3 invalid carriage does not have these features.\n\n## Driving on the road\n\nYou can only drive on the road in a class 3 invalid carriage. The maximum speed is 8mph.\n\nYou cannot drive on bus lanes, \u2018cycle only\u2019 lanes or motorways. Avoid using dual carriageways with a speed limit of over 50mph.\n\nYou must use an amber flashing light for visibility if you use a class 3 invalid carriage on a dual carriageway.\n\n## Road rules\n\nYou must follow the Highway Code if you drive your mobility scooter on the road.\n\n## Driving on footpaths and parking\n\nAll mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs can legally travel at a maximum of 4mph on footpaths or in pedestrian areas.\n\nYou cannot drive any type of mobility scooter or powered wheelchair on cycle paths marked \u2018cycle only\u2019.\n\n## Parking\n\nAll normal parking restrictions apply to mobility scooters and powered wheelchairs.\n\nYour vehicle should not be left on a footpath or pedestrian area on its own if it gets in the way of other pedestrians, including wheelchair users and people with prams or pushchairs.\n\n## Eyesight requirements\n\nThere is no legal eyesight requirement to drive mobility scooters or powered wheelchairs, but you should be able to read a car\u2019s registration number from a distance of 12.3 metres (40 feet).\n\nYou must check that you can still do this regularly.\n\nYou might have to pay compensation if you have an accident and poor eyesight was part of the cause.\n\n## Who can use them\n\nYou can only drive a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if you:\n\n- have trouble walking because of an injury, physical disability or medical condition\n\n- are demonstrating the vehicle before it\u2019s sold\n\n- are training a disabled user\n\n- are taking the vehicle to or from maintenance or repair\n\n## Vehicle tax, registration and insurance\n\nYou do not have to pay vehicle tax for any mobility scooter or powered wheelchair if it\u2019s registered as a \u2018class 3 invalid carriage\u2019.\n\nCheck whether a vehicle is registered as an \u2018invalid carriage\u2019 by asking the seller when you buy it.\n\n## Change the owner\u2019s details when you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair\n\nWhen you buy a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, the seller will make you the \u2018registered keeper\u2019. This means the vehicle will be in your name. You\u2019ll get a new vehicle log book (V5C) in the post within 4 weeks of the sale.\n\nIf you do not get a new vehicle log book 4 weeks after the sale, fill in an \u2018Application for a vehicle registration certificate\u2019 (V62) and send it to DVLA.\n\n## Change your name or address\n\nIf you need to change your name or address, fill in section 6 of your vehicle log book and send it to DVLA.\n\n## If your mobility scooter or powered wheelchair is not a registered vehicle\n\nMost scooters and wheelchairs will already be registered by the dealer or manufacturer before you buy them.\n\nIf your vehicle is not registered, register it by filling in:\n\n- form V55/4 for new vehicles\n\n- form V55/5 for used vehicles\n\n## Insurance\n\nYou do not need insurance for a mobility scooter or powered wheelchair, although it\u2019s recommended.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/mobility-scooters-and-powered-wheelchairs-rules", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 72 years old, and last year I was advised by my GP to surrender my driving license due to my steadily declining eyesight (specifically, progressive night-blindness). I have since acquired a Class 3 invalid carriage (scooter) due to having problems walking. I am still more than capable of reading a car's license plate number from 15 meters away in a well lit environment.", + "original_question": "Does my failing eyesight effect my entitlement to drive the scooter?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2326", + "question": "Scenario: I have lived in the UK with my husband for six years, who has a Turkish Businessperson visa. I have met the language and English knowledge requirements as well as the Life in the UK test. I am dependent on my husband. I want to apply for indefinite stay with my husband.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to apply for indefinite leave to remain?\n\nDocument - Apply for settlement if you're a Turkish Worker or Businessperson:\n## Overview\n\nYou can apply for indefinite leave to remain (settlement) if you\u2019re in the UK on a:\n\n- Turkish Worker visa\n\n- Turkish Businessperson visa\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply for settlement.\n\n## Fees\n\nThe application fee is \u00a32,389.\n\nYou also need to pay \u00a319.20 to have your biometric information (fingerprints and a photo) taken.\n\nIf you have family members applying for settlement with you, you\u2019ll need to pay the \u00a32,389 application fee and the \u00a319.20 biometric information fee for each person.\n\nIf your partner is applying to extend their visa, their fee is \u00a31,033 instead. They\u2019ll need to pay the healthcare surcharge.\n\n## How long you can stay\n\nGetting indefinite leave to remain means you can continue to live and work in the UK for as long as you like. It will mean you\u2019re eligible:\n\n- to take up any job\n\n- to run a business\n\n- for public services, such as healthcare and schools\n\n- for public funds and pensions\n\n- for British citizenship, if you meet the requirements\n\n## Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible to settle in the UK, you must have:\n\n- met the knowledge of language requirement\n\n- passed the Life in the UK test\n\n- registered with the police if you were told to\n\n- been living and working in the UK for the last 5 years without receiving public funds\n\n- spent no more than 180 days outside the UK in any 12 months in the last 5 years\n\nYou must continue to run a business if you\u2019re on a Turkish Businessperson visa.\n\nYour application might be refused if, for example, you\u2019ve:\n\n- got a criminal record in the UK or another country\n\n- provided false or incomplete information to the Home Office\n\n- broken UK immigration law\n\nRead the guidance on why applications can be refused.\n\n## Documents you must provide\n\nYou must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- previous passports showing you\u2019ve been living legally in the UK for the past 5 years - if your current passport does not show this\n\n- the unique reference code that proves you passed the English language requirement\n\n- your police registration certificate covering the past 5 years (unless you did not need to register)\n\n## If you\u2019re a Turkish Businessperson\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to prove that you\u2019re continuing to run a business. You might need to provide documents, such as:\n\n- invoices showing work done\n\n- business bank statements\n\n- proof of National Insurance contributions - if appropriate\n\n- advertising materials\n\n- proof of renting or having purchased business premises\n\n## Family members\n\nYour family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa if they are:\n\n- your partner (husband, wife, civil partner or the person you\u2019ve been in a genuine relationship with for 5 years before applying to settle)\n\n- your child under 21 or in limited circumstances over 21 (including children born in the UK)\n\n## Partners applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\nIf your partner is applying for indefinite leave to remain, they must:\n\n- have been granted leave as your dependant\n\n- have lived in the UK with you for a continuous period of 5 years\n\n- have met the knowledge of language and Life in the UK test\n\n## Partners applying to extend their visa\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain, but your partner has not been here for 5 years on your visa they can apply to extend their visa.\n\nFor your partner to qualify, they must:\n\n- have last been granted entry clearance or leave to remain as your dependant\n\n- be living together with you in a genuine relationship\n\n- be living in suitable accommodation which you maintain without access to public funds\n\n- be registered with the police if they were told to\n\n## Children applying for indefinite leave to remain\n\nFor your children or child to apply for indefinite leave to remain, they must:\n\n- have been granted leave as your dependant\n\n- apply at the same time as both parents, or where both parents are settled already\n\n- not be married, in a civil partnership, have formed an independent family unit or be leading an independent life\n\n- have met the knowledge of language requirement and Life in the UK test - if they\u2019re 18 or over\n\n- have registered with the police if they were told to and are 16 or over\n\nYour child may also be able to apply if one of the following applies:\n\n- you\u2019re the child\u2019s only living parent\n\n- you have sole responsibility for them\n\n- there are serious reasons to let your child stay in the UK, for example they have a serious illness\n\n- their other parent is in the UK legally\n\nIf you already have indefinite leave to remain, your child may be eligible to apply if their other parent is extending a Turkish visa.\n\n## Documents your family need to provide\n\nEach family member must provide:\n\n- a current passport or other valid travel identification\n\n- 2 passport size colour photographs\n\n- proof of your relationship, for example a marriage or birth certificate, council tax bills or bank statements\n\n- proof they will live permanently with you, for example letters from your child\u2019s school or their doctor\n\n- proof that you have sole responsibility for any children aged under 21 if the other parent will not be in the UK (for example, written permission or relevant legal documents)\n\n## Apply\n\nYou can apply to settle in the UK (indefinite leave to remain). Your family members (\u2018dependants\u2019) can also apply to settle or extend their visa. You must be in the UK to apply.\n\nYou must apply online.\n\n## Get help using a computer to apply online\n\nYou can get help with:\n\n- accessing a computer or the internet\n\n- finding the right information on GOV.UK\n\nYou cannot get advice on:\n\n- whether you\u2019re eligible to apply\n\n- what information to put in your application\n\n- an application you\u2019ve already made\n\n## Providing biometric information and supporting documents\n\nWhen you apply, you\u2019ll be asked to make an appointment at a UK Visa and Citizenship Application Services (UKVCAS) service point to provide your biometric information (your fingerprints and a photo).\n\nAny children aged 6 and over who you\u2019ve included in your application form must also provide biometric information.\n\nYou\u2019ll also need to submit your supporting documents. You can:\n\n- upload them into the online service\n\n- have them scanned at your UKVCAS appointment\n\nYou must not travel outside of the UK, Ireland, the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man until you get a decision. Your application will be withdrawn if you do.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/turkish-worker-business-person-settlement", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I have lived in the UK with my husband for six years, who has a Turkish Businessperson visa. I have met the language and English knowledge requirements as well as the Life in the UK test. I am dependent on my husband. I want to apply for indefinite stay with my husband.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to apply for indefinite leave to remain?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2328", + "question": "Scenario: I retired in 2015 after a lifetime on the railways. Part of my service was contracted out which means I was a member of the contracted-out workplace pension.\n\nQuestion: Does being contracted out affect the additional state pension?\n\nDocument - Additional State Pension:\n## Overview\n\nThe Additional State Pension is an extra amount of money you could get on top of your basic State Pension if you\u2019re:\n\n- a man born before 6 April 1951\n\n- a woman born before 6 April 1953\n\nThis guide is also available in Welsh (Cymraeg).\n\nYou get the new State Pension if you were born on or after this date. You will not qualify for the Additional State Pension, but you might still be able to inherit Additional State Pension from your partner.\n\nYou get the Additional State Pension automatically if you\u2019re eligible for it, unless you\u2019ve contracted out of it.\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension.\n\n## What you'll get\n\nThere is no fixed amount for the Additional State Pension.\n\nHow much you get depends on:\n\n- how many years you paid National Insurance for\n\n- your earnings\n\n- whether you\u2019ve contracted out of the scheme\n\n- whether you topped up your basic State Pension (this was only possible between 12 October 2015 and 5 April 2017)\n\n## How you\u2019re paid\n\nThe Additional State Pension is paid with your basic State Pension into your bank account.\n\n## Eligibility\n\n## You reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou will not get the Additional State Pension if you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016. You\u2019ll get the new State Pension.\n\n## You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016\n\nIf you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and started claiming the basic State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get any Additional State Pension you\u2019re eligible for. There is no need to make a separate claim.\n\nYou may not get any Additional State Pension for periods when you were contracted out of it.\n\n## When you have contributed to the Additional State Pension\n\nThe Additional State Pension is made up of 3 schemes. You might have contributed to more than one, depending on:\n\n- how long you\u2019ve been working\n\n- whether you chose to top up your State Pension\n\n| Time | Scheme | You contributed if |\n\n| 2002 to 2016 | State Second Pension | You were employed or claiming certain benefits |\n\n| 1978 to 2002 | State Earnings-Related Pension Scheme (SERPS) | You were employed |\n\n| 12 October 2015 to 5 April 2017 | State Pension top up | You reached State Pension age before 6 April 2016 and opted in |\n\n## The State Second Pension since 2002\n\nYou contributed through your National Insurance contributions if at any time between 6 April 2002 and 5 April 2016 you were:\n\n- employed and earning at least the lower earnings limit - this was \u00a35,824 in the 2015 to 2016 tax year\n\n- looking after children under 12 and claiming Child Benefit\n\n- caring for a sick or disabled person more than 20 hours a week and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- working as a registered foster carer and claiming Carer\u2019s Credit\n\n- receiving certain other benefits due to illness or disability\n\n## Contracting out\n\nYou could only contract out of the Additional State Pension if your employer ran a contracted-out pension scheme. Check with them.\n\nWhile you were a member of a contracted-out workplace pension you did not contribute to the Additional State Pension. In some cases, you could get the Second State Pension even if you did not contribute, for example if your earnings were low.\n\nYou cannot contract out after 6 April 2016. If you were contracted out, your National Insurance contributions increased to your standard rate after this date.\n\nThe extra pension you get from a contracted-out pension scheme is usually the same as, or more than, the Additional State Pension you would have got if you did not contract out.\n\n## Check if you were contracted out\n\nYou can find out if you were contracted out by:\n\n- checking an old payslip\n\n- calling your pension provider\n\nThe Pension Tracing Service might be able to find your pension providers\u2019 contact details if you\u2019ve lost contact with them.\n\n## National Insurance while contracting out\n\nYou paid lower National Insurance contributions while you were contracted out if:\n\n- you earned between \u00a3155 and \u00a3770 a week\n\n- you were under State Pension age\n\n- you did not pay reduced rate National Insurance\n\n## What happens when you retire\n\nYou\u2019ll get a pension from your employer\u2019s workplace pension scheme.\n\n## How to claim\n\nYou do not have to do anything to claim the Additional State Pension.\n\nIf you\u2019re eligible for an Additional State Pension, you\u2019ll automatically get it when you claim your State Pension.\n\nAfter you claim, the Pension Service will write to you and tell you how much you\u2019re getting.\n\n## Inheriting Additional State Pension\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner dies, you may be able to inherit part of their Additional State Pension. Contact the Pension Service to check what you can claim and how.\n\n## Maximum State Second Pension you can inherit\n\nYou can inherit up to 50% of your spouse or civil partner\u2019s State Second Pension.\n\n## Maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit\n\nThe maximum you can inherit depends on when your spouse or civil partner died.\n\nIf they died before 6 October 2002, you can inherit up to 100% of their SERPS pension.\n\nIf they died on or after 6 October 2002, the maximum SERPS pension and State Pension top up you can inherit depends on their date of birth.\n\n| Man\u2019s date of birth | Woman\u2019s date of birth | Maximum % of SERPS and State Pension top up you can inherit |\n\n| 5 October 1937 or before | 5 October 1942 or before | 100% |\n\n| 6 October 1937 to 5 October 1939 | 6 October 1942 to 5 October 1944 | 90% |\n\n| 6 October 1939 to 5 October 1941 | 6 October 1944 to 5 October 1946 | 80% |\n\n| 6 October 1941 to 5 October 1943 | 6 October 1946 to 5 October 1948 | 70% |\n\n| 6 October 1943 to 5 October 1945 | 6 October 1948 to 5 July 1950 | 60% |\n\n| 6 October 1945 and after | 6 July 1950 and after | 50% |\n\nIf your spouse or civil partner died within 90 days of topping up their State Pension, the top up should have been refunded to their estate (their total property, money and possessions), minus any payments they received before they died. This means you will not inherit the top up as part of their Additional State Pension.\n\n## How it\u2019s paid\n\nAny Additional State Pension you inherit will be paid on top of your State Pension when you reach State Pension age.\n\n## If you get your own Additional State Pension\n\nThe maximum amount of Additional State Pension you can get is \u00a3180.31 per week.\u00a0The limit does not include State Pension top up.\n\n## If you get Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance\n\nYou may inherit Additional State Pension before you reach State Pension age. You\u2019ll stop receiving it if your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance ends.\n\nYou may receive it again when you reach State Pension age if you were over 45 when you were entitled to Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance.\n\nIf your Widowed Parent\u2019s Allowance or Bereavement Allowance ended before you were 55, you\u2019ll receive less Additional State Pension.\n\n## When you cannot inherit Additional State Pension\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if you remarry or form another civil partnership before you reach State Pension age.\n\nThe date you reach State Pension age also affects whether you can inherit Additional State Pension.\n\n## If you reached State Pension age before 6 April 2010\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if they died before they reached their State Pension age and after you reached yours.\n\nThis does not apply if you\u2019re a woman who was married to:\n\n- a man\n\n- a woman who legally changed their gender from male to female during your marriage\n\n## If you reached State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\nYou cannot inherit your spouse or civil partner\u2019s Additional State Pension if either:\n\n- your spouse or civil partner died on or after 6 April 2016 and reached (or would have reached) State Pension age on or after 6 April 2016\n\n- you started your marriage or civil partnership on or after 6 April 2016\n\n## If you get divorced\n\nIf you get divorced or your civil partnership is dissolved the court can decide that your Additional State Pension should be shared as part of the financial settlement.\n\nYou\u2019ll have to fill in form BR20 to give details of your Additional State Pension.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/additional-state-pension", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I retired in 2015 after a lifetime on the railways. Part of my service was contracted out which means I was a member of the contracted-out workplace pension.", + "original_question": "Does being contracted out affect the additional state pension?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2331", + "question": "Scenario: I am 15, live in Wales and for two years was sexually abused by my uncle, a former police officer. He has been arrested and is currently on bail awaiting a charging decision from the CPS. I am afraid that he will try and contact me.\n\nQuestion: Can I apply for a non-molestation order against my uncle, despite my not being a legal adult yet and I have got the permission from the High Court ?\n\nDocument - Get an injunction if you've been the victim of domestic abuse:\n## How to apply\n\nYou can apply for an \u2018injunction\u2019 if you\u2019ve been the victim of domestic abuse. An injunction is a court order that either:\n\n- protects you or your child from being harmed or threatened by the person who\u2019s abused you - this is called a \u2018non-molestation order\u2019\n\n- decides who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area - this is called an \u2018occupation order\u2019\n\nThe person named in the injunction can be arrested if they break it.\n\nGet advice on applying for an injunction from a charity, for example Refuge, Women\u2019s Aid, Citizens Advice or the Men\u2019s Advice Line.\n\nYou may be able to get free legal representation.\n\nIf you\u2019re in immediate danger of being abused or have been abused, report it to the police.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can use the RCJ Citizens Advice CourtNav service to prepare an injunction application online.\n\nYou\u2019ll need to:\n\n- create an online account\n\n- explain what happened to you\n\n- include the name and address of the person who\u2019s abused you\n\nAs part of your application, you can choose a law firm to review it.\n\nIf you\u2019re unable to get legal aid or pay for legal advice, your application can be sent back to a legal adviser at RCJ Citizens Advice to check for free.\n\nThe legal adviser will tell you if you need to make a court application and how to submit one.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call. If you need a face-to-face hearing, you\u2019ll need to explain why in your application.\n\n## Apply by email or post\n\nFollow these steps to apply for an injunction by email or post.\n\n- Check if you\u2019re eligible to apply for a non-molestation order or an occupation order.\n\n- Download and fill in the application form (form FL401) and make 2 copies.\n\n- Write your witness statement telling the court what has happened and asking for the relevant order.\n\n- At the bottom of the witness statement write a statement of truth. Use the following words: \u201cI believe that the facts stated in this witness statement are true.\u201d Sign and date the statement of truth.\n\n- Download and fill in form C8 if you want to keep your address and telephone number private.\n\n- Email or send all the documents to a court which deals with domestic abuse cases - there\u2019s no fee.\n\nMany courts are closed because of coronavirus. You\u2019ll need to check that the court is open and staffed before you send in your application.\n\n## Emergency orders\n\nIf you need protection immediately, ask for an emergency order when you apply. You do not have to tell the person you want protection from that you\u2019re applying so it\u2019s known as a \u2018without notice\u2019 or \u2018ex-parte\u2019 application.\n\nThe court will hold a hearing which you must attend. It may issue an order at the hearing.\n\nYou\u2019ll still have to tell that person about your application after the order has been issued.\n\nAn emergency order will usually last until your hearing.\n\n## If you\u2019re 17 or under\n\nIf you\u2019re under 16 you\u2019ll need permission to apply from the High Court.\n\nIf you\u2019re 16 or 17 you\u2019ll need to appoint a \u2018litigation friend\u2019 to represent you in court \u2013 this is usually a parent, family member or close friend.\n\n## After you\u2019ve applied\n\nAfter you\u2019ve applied you must arrange for the person you\u2019re applying to get an injunction against to be told about your application.\n\n## Who can apply: non-molestation order\n\nYou can usually apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the person you want to be protected from (\u2018the respondent\u2019) is:\n\n- someone you\u2019re having or have had a relationship with\n\n- a family member\n\n- someone you\u2019re living or have lived with\n\nCheck the following lists to make sure you can apply.\n\nIf you\u2019re under 16 you need permission from the High Court to apply.\n\n## Husband, wife, civil partner or other relationship\n\nYou can apply if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and the respondent is your:\n\n- husband, wife or civil partner\n\n- former husband, former wife or former civil partner\n\n- fianc\u00e9, fianc\u00e9e or proposed civil partner\n\n- former fianc\u00e9, former fianc\u00e9e or former proposed civil partner \u2013 if your engagement or agreement to form a civil partnership ended less than 3 years ago\n\n- boyfriend, girlfriend, partner or a person you\u2019re in or have been in a relationship with for more than 6 months\n\nIf you were engaged to or had agreed to form a civil partnership with the respondent, you\u2019ll need to provide evidence, such as a ring or statement from a witness who attended a ceremony or celebration.\n\n## Family member\n\nYou can apply if the respondent is a close family member, for example a parent, brother, sister, aunt or uncle.\n\n## People who have parental responsibility for your child or grandchild\n\nYou can apply if you have a child or grandchild and the respondent is the child\u2019s parent or person you share parental responsibility with.\n\nIf your child (or grandchild) has been adopted, you can also apply to get an injunction against their:\n\n- adoptive parent\n\n- anyone who has applied to adopt them\n\n- anyone the child has been placed with for adoption\n\nYou can also apply for an order against the child or grandchild if they\u2019ve been adopted.\n\nYou can report anyone who abuses you to your neighbourhood police team.\n\n## Who can apply: occupation order\n\nYou can apply for an occupation order if you\u2019re a victim of domestic abuse and meet the requirements. The order will say who can live in the family home or enter the surrounding area.\n\nYou can apply if:\n\n- you own or rent the home and it is, was, or was intended to be shared with a husband or wife, civil partner, cohabitant, family member, person you\u2019re engaged to or parent of your child\n\n- you do not own or rent the home but you\u2019re married or in a civil partnership with the owner and you\u2019re living in the home (known as \u2018matrimonial home rights\u2019)\n\n- your former husband, wife or civil partner is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared matrimonial home\n\n- the person you cohabit or cohabited with is the owner or tenant, and the home is, was, or was intended to be your shared home\n\n## After you submit your application\n\nYou\u2019ll be given a document called a \u2018Notice of Proceedings\u2019 by the court. This tells you when your court hearing will take place.\n\n## Telling people about your application\n\nThe court will send you back a sealed copy of your application. You must arrange for the sealed copy and your witness statement to be \u2018served\u2019 on the person named in the application. This means making sure they get a copy of the documents in person.\n\nYour solicitor will do this if you\u2019re using one or you can ask the court to serve the documents for free.\n\nDo not serve the documents yourself.\n\n## Your court hearing\n\nYour hearing will be held in private (sometimes called \u2018in chambers\u2019). In most cases only you and the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against, and any legal representatives, can attend. Read about what to expect when you go to a court hearing.\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), your hearing may take place over a video or phone call.\n\nThe court will provide an interpreter if you asked for one when you applied for the injunction. They can translate what happens during the hearing but they cannot represent you or give you legal advice.\n\nContact the court before the hearing if you need support or extra protection.\n\nThe judge may make a decision without a hearing if, for example:\n\n- you\u2019re self-isolating because of coronavirus\n\n- the person you\u2019re applying for an injunction against lives with you\n\nThis is called \u2018on paper\u2019.\n\n## Get a decision\n\nAt the end of the hearing the court will make one of the following decisions:\n\n- the person you\u2019ve applied for an injunction against must make an \u2018undertaking\u2019 (a promise) to do or not do something\n\n- you must provide more information - the court may issue a short-term order (an \u2018interim order\u2019) to protect you while you get this information\n\n- it will issue an order - when that ends they may hold another hearing to decide whether to renew the order\n\nYou\u2019ll get a copy of the order if the court issues one. It will say what the respondent can and cannot do.\n\nIf your order expires and you still want protection, you\u2019ll have to apply again.\n\n## After the hearing\n\nYou must arrange for the order to be \u2018served\u2019 on the respondent. This means making sure they get a copy of the order in person.\n\nIf you have a solicitor, they will arrange for the documents to be served. If you do not have a solicitor you can:\n\n- ask the court to serve the documents - you will not need to pay for this\n\n- hire a professional process server to serve the documents\n\nDo not serve the documents yourself.\n\nThe court will send the order and the statement of service to the officer in charge of your neighbourhood police station or the police station named in the court order.\n\nIf the person named in your injunction does not follow the court order, you can call the police.\n\n## Complaints and appeals\n\nYou can complain to the court where you had the hearing if you\u2019re unhappy with the service they provided.\n\nYou may be able to make an appeal about the decision if you think there\u2019s been a serious mistake. You\u2019ll have to get permission to make the appeal and there\u2019s usually a fee. Read the guidance on how to make an appeal.", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/injunction-domestic-violence", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 15, live in Wales and for two years was sexually abused by my uncle, a former police officer. He has been arrested and is currently on bail awaiting a charging decision from the CPS. I am afraid that he will try and contact me.", + "original_question": "Can I apply for a non-molestation order against my uncle, despite my not being a legal adult yet and I have got the permission from the High Court ?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2332", + "question": "Scenario: I am 35 and work as a builder. I was (falsely) accused of bullying an apprentice and have been suspended from work. I feel that this is very unfair as I am innocent! I am worried about my rights whilst suspended. Also my contract says that I won't paid on suspension\n\nQuestion: Will I still continue to receive my pay and other benefits whilst I am suspended from work?\n\nDocument - Disciplinary procedures and action against you at work:\n## Overview\n\nYour employer could start formal disciplinary action against you if they have concerns about your work, conduct or absence.\n\nBefore taking formal disciplinary action or dismissing you, your employer may try to raise the matter informally with you. However, they can go straight to their formal disciplinary or dismissal procedures.\n\nDisciplinary procedures are a set way for an employer to deal with disciplinary issues. They should include a disciplinary hearing where you\u2019re given a chance to explain your side of the story.\n\nThere should also be a chance to appeal any disciplinary action your employer decides to take.\n\n## How disciplinary procedures work\n\nYour employer should put their disciplinary procedure in writing, and make it easily available to all staff.\n\nIt should say what performance and behaviour might lead to disciplinary action and what action your employer might take.\n\nIt should also include the name of someone you can speak to if you do not agree with your employer\u2019s disciplinary decision.\n\n## Disciplinary steps\n\nYour employer\u2019s disciplinary procedure should include the following steps:\n\n- A letter setting out the issue.\n\n- A meeting to discuss the issue.\n\n- A disciplinary decision.\n\n- A chance to appeal this decision.\n\n## Acas (Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) Code of Practice\n\nYour employer\u2019s disciplinary procedures should follow the Acas code of practice.\n\nYour employer does not have to follow the Acas code. However, if they do not and you win an employment tribunal against them, you could get a larger payout.\n\nThere\u2019s more guidance about how employers should run disciplinaries in the Acas guide on discipline and grievances at work.\n\n## Disciplinary procedures and employment contracts\n\nYour employer can also put their disciplinary procedures in your employment contract.\n\nIf your employer does this and then does not follow these procedures you could sue them for breach of contract.\n\n## Northern Ireland\n\nNorthern Ireland has different ways of solving workplace disputes.\n\n## Disciplinary hearings\n\nYour employer should not take any disciplinary action before meeting with you first and discussing the problem.\n\nThis disciplinary meeting (normally called a \u2018hearing\u2019) should be at a reasonable time and place.\n\nAt the hearing your employer should:\n\n- explain the complaint against you\n\n- go through the evidence\n\n- give you a chance to tell your side of the story\n\nIf you raise a significant new fact or issue at the hearing your employer might stop it and look into the issue. They should then rearrange the hearing at a later date.\n\n## Taking someone with you to a disciplinary hearing\n\nYou have the right to take someone with you to a disciplinary hearing, but you must tell your employer about this first.\n\nYour companion can be either:\n\n- a colleague\n\n- a trade union representative\n\n- a trade union official\n\nIf a colleague cannot go with you and you\u2019re not in the union you can ask to bring a family member or a Citizens Advice worker. However, your employer does not have to agree to this unless your employment contract says they must.\n\nThe companion can:\n\n- present and/or sum up your case and say things to support your case\n\n- speak to you during the hearing\n\nYour companion cannot answer questions on your behalf.\n\nYour companion cannot be disciplined for supporting you.\n\n## Disciplinary action\n\nAfter the hearing your employer should write to you as soon as possible, saying what action they\u2019re going to take, and telling you about your right to appeal.\n\nThe decision might be:\n\n- no action\n\n- written warning\n\n- final warning\n\n- demotion\n\n- dismissal\n\nIt might also be anything else that could resolve the problem, for example an agreement to mediate with a co-worker you\u2019ve had personal problems with.\n\n## Disciplinary appeals\n\nIf you think disciplinary action taken against you is unfair you can appeal.\n\nWrite to your employer saying you\u2019re appealing and why.\n\n## Appeal hearings\n\nYou should be offered another meeting to discuss your appeal. This appeal hearing should be held as soon as possible.\n\nIf possible it should be dealt with by someone who has not already been involved with your disciplinary action.\n\nAn appeal hearing will be similar to your original disciplinary meeting and you\u2019ll have the right to bring a companion.\n\n## Final decision\n\nAfter the appeal meeting your employer should write to you with their final decision.\n\n## Suspension from work\n\nWhen a disciplinary issue is being looked into you might be suspended from work. This does not happen very often. If it does it should normally be with pay and you should be told why you\u2019re being suspended.\n\n## Employment contracts\n\nYou can be suspended without pay if your employment contract says your employer can do this, but they must be acting reasonably.\n\nIf your employment contract does not say your employer can do this, your employer may still be able to suspend you, but with pay. To show that it\u2019s not a punishment the suspension will normally be on full pay.\n\n## Employment rights when suspended\n\nYou keep your employment rights while suspended. If you do not get the right pay you may be able to make a claim to an employment tribunal for \u2018unlawful deduction from wages\u2019.\n\n## Talking to other employees, customers and/or suppliers\n\nIf you\u2019re suspended, you might be told not to talk to other employees, customers and/or suppliers. If this means you cannot defend yourself properly at a disciplinary hearing, you could make an appeal.\n\nBut if you\u2019ve been asked not to talk and you do, your employer might decide to take further disciplinary action against you.\n\n## Help and advice with disciplinary issues\n\nThere are several organisations that could give you advice about disciplinary issues.\n\n## Acas\n\nAcas (the Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service) offers free, confidential and impartial advice about all employment rights issues.\n\n## Citizens Advice\n\nYour local Citizens Advice can also give free and impartial advice.\n\n## Trade unions\n\nIf you\u2019re a member of a trade union you can get help and advice from them.\n\n## Equality Advisory Support Service\n\nContact the Equality Advisory Support Service for advice about discrimination, equality and human rights.\n\nYou can also find more information on the Equality Advisory Support Service website.", + "answer": false, + "answer_text": "no", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/disciplinary-procedures-and-action-at-work", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am 35 and work as a builder. I was (falsely) accused of bullying an apprentice and have been suspended from work. I feel that this is very unfair as I am innocent! I am worried about my rights whilst suspended. Also my contract says that I won't paid on suspension", + "original_question": "Will I still continue to receive my pay and other benefits whilst I am suspended from work?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2333", + "question": "Scenario: I am getting married 11 weeks from now. My surname will be changing to my husband's surname, and I want to apply for a new passport well before the ceremony to ensure that I receive it in time for the honeymoon.\n\nQuestion: Will I be able to apply for a new passport before the wedding day?\n\nDocument - Change your name or personal details on your passport:\n## How it works\n\nYou\u2019ll need to get a new passport to travel abroad or prove your identity if you change any of the following:\n\n- your name\n\n- your gender\n\n- your appearance, if you cannot be recognised from your passport photo any more (for example, you\u2019ve had plastic surgery)\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\nYou\u2019ll be sent a new 10 year passport. Time left on your old passport will not be added to your new one.\n\n## When you do not need a new passport\n\nYou do not need to get a new passport if you:\n\n- change your address or contact details\n\n- get a new job\n\n- change your appearance slightly - for example, dye your hair or grow a beard\n\n- change your marital status (divorce, marry or form a civil partnership) but keep your name\n\n- change your title, for example, doctor or professor\n\n- become a national of another country as well as the UK\n\n- emigrate\n\n## How long it takes\n\nAllow up to 10 weeks to get your passport. It takes longer to apply by post than online.\n\nYou may be able to get a passport urgently if you need to travel sooner.\n\nDo not book travel until you have a valid passport - your new passport will not have the same number as your old one.\n\n## Apply online\n\nYou can apply for a new passport online. It costs \u00a375.50.\n\nStart now\n\n## Apply using a paper application form\n\nBecause of coronavirus (COVID-19), it\u2019s taking longer to process paper applications than online applications. Use the online service to get your passport.\n\nYou can get a paper application form by either:\n\n- going to a Post Office that has a Check and Send service\n\n- calling the Passport Adviceline\n\nIt costs \u00a385.\n\nFill in and sign your passport application using the name that you want to see printed on your passport.\n\n## Countersignatures\n\nYou must get a countersignature if your appearance has changed and you cannot be recognised from your existing passport.\n\nYou do not need a countersignature if you\u2019re changing your name or adding a title.\n\n## Unexpired visas\n\nUnexpired visas in your old passport may become invalid if you change your name. Check with the embassy or consulate of the country that issued the visa.\n\n## If you have a non-British passport\n\nIf you have dual citizenship (\u2018dual nationality\u2019) and have a non-British passport, the name on your non-British passport must match the name and gender you want on your British passport.\n\nIf it\u2019s different, change the details on your non-British passport before you apply for a new British passport.\n\n## Marriage or civil partnership change\n\nYou can get a new passport in your new name either before or after the ceremony.\n\nThe name on your passport must match the one you use when you book your travel.\n\n## Get a new passport after the ceremony\n\nSend your marriage or civil partnership certificate when you apply for a passport in your new name - this includes double-barrelled names.\n\n## Get a new passport before the ceremony\n\nYou can apply for a passport in your new name up to 3 months before your marriage or civil partnership ceremony.\n\nYour old passport will be cancelled. Your new passport is \u2018post-dated\u2019 - you cannot use it before the ceremony.\n\nSome countries will not issue visas for post-dated passports - check with the country\u2019s embassy or consulate.\n\nYou must send a \u2018passports for newly weds and civil partners\u2019 form with your documents. It must be signed by the religious minister or registrar who will conduct the ceremony.\n\n## Divorce or returning to a previous surname\n\nWhen you apply, you also need to send:\n\n- your birth certificate\n\n- a statement signed by you saying you\u2019ve gone back to a previous surname (for example your maiden name) \u2018for all purposes\u2019 - that is, you will not use your married or civil partnership name at all\n\n- a document that shows you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\n- your decree absolute or final order showing both names\n\n- a marriage or civil partnership certificate showing both names - if you do not have it you can order a copy\n\n## Gender change\n\nSend one of the following when you apply for a passport:\n\n- a Gender Recognition Certificate\n\n- a new birth or adoption certificate showing your acquired gender\n\n- a letter from your doctor or medical consultant confirming your change of gender is likely to be permanent\n\nIf you\u2019re sending a letter from your doctor or medical consultant and you\u2019re changing your name, you\u2019ll also need to supply both of the following:\n\n- evidence of your change of name (such as a deed poll)\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip, or a letter from your local council)\n\nRead the information about passports for transgender and transsexual people if you need help.\n\n## Titles and small changes to forenames\n\nYou can:\n\n- change the spelling of your name slightly - for example, Jane to Jayne\n\n- change the order of your forenames\n\n- remove middle names\n\nSend 2 documents that show you\u2019re using your new name. These can include a:\n\n- letter from a local council or government department\n\n- driving licence\n\n- bank statement\n\n- baptism or confirmation certificate\n\n## Titles you can use on your passport\n\nYou can include:\n\n- professional titles - for example, doctor, judge, minister of religion, professor, QC, or JP if you\u2019re a magistrate\n\n- honours or military decorations\n\nPut the details in the \u2018other title\u2019 box of your application and send evidence of your title.\n\nYour title will be on the \u2018observations\u2019 page of your passport - it will not be part of your name, except if it\u2019s a title of nobility, for example knight, dame or a lord.\n\n## Other name changes\n\nYou can change your name on your passport with one of the following documents:\n\n- a deed poll\n\n- a statutory declaration\n\n- an affidavit\n\nSend it with both:\n\n- proof of any previous name changes you\u2019ve made\n\n- evidence that you\u2019re using your new name (for example a payslip or a letter from your local council)", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/changing-passport-information", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am getting married 11 weeks from now. My surname will be changing to my husband's surname, and I want to apply for a new passport well before the ceremony to ensure that I receive it in time for the honeymoon.", + "original_question": "Will I be able to apply for a new passport before the wedding day?" + }, + { + "id": "train-2334", + "question": "Scenario: I am going on a performance to Spain from the UK. I am going to be taking my cello with me.\n\nQuestion: Do I need to contact the airline beforehand if I want to fly with such a large instrument?\n\nDocument - Hand luggage restrictions at UK airports:\n## Overview\n\nThere are restrictions on what items you can take in your hand luggage and hold luggage when boarding a plane in the UK.\n\nThere are different rules if you\u2019re taking goods to sell or temporarily abroad for business reasons, for example sales samples, professional equipment or musical instruments for a performance.\n\nAirport security staff will not let anything through that they consider dangerous - even if it\u2019s normally allowed in hand luggage.\n\n## Hand luggage allowances\n\nCheck with your airline how many and what size bags you can take on the plane with you.\n\nCheck the rules for electronic items and devices you\u2019re allowed to take on a flight before you travel - there are different rules depending on which country you are travelling to or from.\n\n## Taking liquids through security\n\nThere are restrictions on the amount of liquids you can take in your hand luggage. If possible, pack liquids in your hold baggage (luggage that you check in).\n\nLiquids include:\n\n- all drinks, including water\n\n- liquid or semi-liquid foods, for example soup, jam, honey and syrups\n\n- cosmetics and toiletries, including creams, lotions, oils, perfumes, mascara and lip gloss\n\n- sprays, including shaving foam, hairspray and spray deodorants\n\n- pastes, including toothpaste\n\n- gels, including hair and shower gel\n\n- contact lens solution\n\n- any other solutions and items of similar consistency\n\nIf you do take liquids in your hand luggage:\n\n- containers must hold no more than 100ml\n\n- containers must be in a single, transparent, resealable plastic bag, which holds no more than a litre and measures approximately 20cm x 20cm\n\n- contents must fit comfortably inside the bag so it can be sealed\n\n- the bag must not be knotted or tied at the top\n\n- you\u2019re limited to 1 plastic bag per person\n\n- you must show the bag at the airport security point\n\nLiquids in containers larger than 100ml generally cannot go through security even if the container is only part full. There are some exemptions.\n\n## Exemptions\n\nYou can take liquid containers larger than 100ml through security if they:\n\n- are for essential medical purposes\n\n- are for special dietary requirements\n\n- contain baby food or baby milk\n\nYou can also take liquids bought at an airport or on a plane (such as duty free) through security if:\n\n- the items are sealed inside a security bag when you buy them\n\n- the receipt for the items is sealed in the security bag and visible\n\nYou must not open the security bag until you reach your final destination. Airport staff may need to open the items to screen the liquid at the security point.\n\n## Liquid restrictions outside the EU\n\nCountries outside the EU might have different rules on carrying liquids as a transit or transfer passenger. You should check these rules with the relevant airlines and airports before travelling.\n\n## Lighters\n\nYou can only carry 1 lighter on board. You should put it inside a resealable plastic bag (like the ones used for liquids), which you must keep on you throughout the flight. You cannot:\n\n- put it in your hold luggage\n\n- put it in your hand luggage after screening\n\n## Food and powders\n\nFood items and powders in your hand luggage can obstruct images on x-ray machines. Your bags may need to be checked again manually by security. You can put these items in your hold luggage to minimise delays.\n\n## Baby food and baby milk\n\nWhen travelling with a baby you\u2019re allowed to take enough baby food, baby milk and sterilised water for the journey. There is no legal limit to how much you can take however check with your airport before you travel.\n\nYou can carry breast milk in hand luggage even if you\u2019re not travelling with a baby. You cannot carry frozen breast milk in hand luggage.\n\nIndividual containers of breast milk must hold no more than 2,000ml. Each container will need to be screened at the security point. Airport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Breast milk | Yes, in containers up to 2,000ml | Yes |\n\n| Frozen breast milk | No | Yes |\n\n| Formula milk, cow\u2019s milk | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Sterilised water for the baby | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Soya milk for babies | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Baby food | Yes (baby must be present) | Yes |\n\n| Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes |\n\n## Personal items\n\n## Musical instruments\n\nContact your airline before you book if you want to travel with a large musical instrument. You may need to make special arrangements, such as buying an extra seat.\n\nMusical instruments will be screened separately.\n\n## Mobility aids\n\nPushchairs, walking aids and wheelchairs are usually allowed in the cabin, but will need to be security screened first.\n\nFor battery-powered wheelchairs or mobility aids check with your airline first.\n\n## Other personal items\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Corkscrew | No | Yes |\n\n| Spoon | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Knife (with a sharp or pointed blade and/or blade longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline) |\n\n| Small scissors (with blades no longer than 6cm) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Large scissors (with blades longer than 6cm) | No | Yes (check with your airline) |\n\n| Round-ended/blunt scissors | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Fixed-cartridge razor blades (disposable razor) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Nail clippers/nail file | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Tweezers | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Knitting needles | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Sewing needle | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Umbrella | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Walking stick/cane, walking aid | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Pushchair | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Wheelchair | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Safety matches | Yes | No |\n\n| Non-safety matches | No | No |\n\n| Fireworks, flares and other pyrotechnics, including party poppers and toy caps | No | No |\n\n| Cigarette lighter | No, but you can put a lighter in a plastic liquids bag and keep it on your person | No |\n\n| Contact lens solution | Yes (up to 100ml) | Yes |\n\n## Medicines, medical equipment and dietary requirements\n\nYou\u2019re allowed to carry the following in your hand luggage:\n\n- essential medicines of more than 100ml, including liquid dietary foodstuffs and inhalers\n\n- medical equipment, if it\u2019s essential for your journey\n\nYou\u2019ll need supporting documentation from a relevant medical professional (for example a letter from your doctor or a copy of your prescription).\n\nAirport staff might need to open the containers to screen the liquids at the security point. Medical equipment is screened separately.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Tablets and capsules | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Essential liquid medicines | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Hypodermic syringes | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Inhalers | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Cooling gel packs | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Medical equipment (for example CPAP and TENS machines) | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Special food and liquids needed for medical reasons | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Oxygen cylinders | Contact your airline | Contact your airline |\n\n## Electronic devices and electrical items\n\nYou can only take certain electronic devices and electrical items on flights to the UK.\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Mobile phone | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Laptop | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Tablet devices | Yes | Yes |\n\n| MP3 player | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Hairdryer or straighteners | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Travel iron | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Electric shaver | Yes | Yes |\n\n| E-cigarettes | Yes | No |\n\nSome airlines might also have different restrictions. Check with your airline before you travel if you\u2019re not sure about what you can take as hand luggage.\n\n## Cameras\n\nYou can usually take camera equipment in your hand and hold luggage.\n\nThere might be restrictions on specialist equipment, for example professional video cameras.\n\n## Make sure your devices are charged\n\nMake sure your electronic devices are charged before you travel. If your device does not switch on when requested, you will not be allowed to take it onto the aircraft.\n\n## Batteries for your device\n\nCheck the restrictions on certain types of batteries or contact your airline if you\u2019re not sure what you can carry.\n\n## Gas-powered hair curlers\n\nYou can take hair curlers containing a gas cartridge in hand or hold luggage as long as the safety cover is fitted at all times. You must not take separate gas cartridges on board.\n\n## Sports equipment\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Sports parachute | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Heavy bats and sticks (including baseball, softball and cricket bats) | No | Yes |\n\n| Tennis racquets | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Snooker, pool or billiard cue | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Golf clubs | No | Yes |\n\n| Darts | No | Yes |\n\n| Walking/hiking poles | No | Yes |\n\n| Fishing rod | Yes | Yes |\n\n| Catapult | No | Yes |\n\n| Firearms (including replica firearms) | No | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n| Harpoon or spear gun | No | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n| Crossbow | No | Yes |\n\n| Martial arts equipment (including knuckledusters, clubs, coshes, rice flails and nunchuks) | No | Yes |\n\n| Diving equipment | Check with your airline before you travel | Check with your airline before you travel |\n\n## Work tools\n\n| | Allowed in hand luggage | Allowed in hold luggage |\n\n| Tool with a blade or shaft longer than 6cm (for example chisel) | No | Yes |\n\n| Drill and drill bits | No | Yes |\n\n| Stanley knife | No | Yes |\n\n| Saw (including portable power saw) | No | Yes |\n\n| Screwdriver | No | Yes |\n\n| Hammer | No | Yes |\n\n| Pliers | No | Yes |\n\n| Wrench or spanner | No | Yes |\n\n| Bolt gun or nail gun | No | Yes |\n\n| Crowbar | No | Yes |\n\n| Blowtorch | No | Yes |\n\n## Chemicals and toxic substances\n\nYou cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:\n\n- oxidisers and organic peroxides, including bleach and car body repair kits\n\n- acids and alkalis (for example spillable \u2018wet\u2019 batteries)\n\n- corrosives or bleaching agents (including mercury and chlorine)\n\n- vehicle batteries and fuel systems\n\n- self defence or disabling sprays (for example mace, pepper spray)\n\n- radioactive materials (including medicinal or commercial isotopes)\n\n- poisons or toxic substances (for example rat poison)\n\n- biological hazards (for example infected blood, bacteria, viruses)\n\n- materials that could spontaneously combust (burst into flames)\n\n- fire extinguishers\n\n## Ammunition\n\nYou cannot take any guns or firearms (including air rifles and starting pistols) as hand luggage. You may be able to take them as hold luggage - check with your airline before you travel.\n\nYou cannot take any of these items as hand luggage or in the hold:\n\n- blasting caps\n\n- detonators and fuses\n\n- imitation explosive devices (including replica or model guns)\n\n- mines, grenades, and other explosive military stores\n\n- fireworks and pyrotechnics\n\n- smoke canisters\n\n- smoke cartridges\n\n- dynamite\n\n- gunpowder\n\n- plastic explosives (including black powder and percussion caps)\n\n- flares\n\n- hand grenades\n\n- gun cigarette lighters", + "answer": true, + "answer_text": "yes", + "url": "https://www.gov.uk/hand-luggage-restrictions", + "answerable": true, + "scenario": "I am going on a performance to Spain from the UK. I am going to be taking my cello with me.", + "original_question": "Do I need to contact the airline beforehand if I want to fly with such a large instrument?" + } +] \ No newline at end of file From 1ed965930cecb2526d82b9f1353642bc05637f47 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DebarghaG Date: Thu, 16 Oct 2025 20:25:51 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 04/11] Reorganized reposity, and added an experiments pipeline --- BACKENDS.md | 16 +- README.md | 52 +- REASONING_API.md | 4 +- .../bench_conditionalqa.py | 30 +- {examples => benchmark}/bench_folio.py | 25 +- {examples => benchmark}/bench_prontoqa.py | 25 +- {examples => benchmark}/bench_proofwriter.py | 25 +- {examples => benchmark}/bench_strategyqa.py | 23 +- benchmark_pipeline.py | 2 +- {examples => data}/ProntoQA_dev_gpt-4.json | 0 .../ProntoQA_dev_processed.json | 0 .../conditionalqa_documents.json | 0 .../conditionalqa_documents_processed.json | 0 {examples => data}/conditionalqa_train.json | 0 .../conditionalqa_train_processed.json | 0 data/folio_v2_train.jsonl | 1001 +++ data/folio_v2_train_processed.json | 6095 +++++++++++++++++ {examples => data}/proofwriter_test.parquet | Bin .../proofwriter_test_processed.json | 0 {examples => data}/strategyQA_train.json | 0 {examples => data}/strategyqa_results.json | 0 examples/azure_gpt5_usage.py | 2 +- examples/azure_simple_example.py | 2 +- examples/backend_comparison.py | 4 +- examples/batch_evaluation.py | 4 +- examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py | 4 +- examples/migration_example.py | 2 +- examples/simple_usage.py | 4 +- examples/test_strategyqa.py | 2 +- experiments_pipeline.py | 365 + results/.gitkeep | 0 results/benchmark_results.json | 172 + results/benchmark_results.md | 24 + run_interpreter.py | 2 +- tests/integration/test_bug_fixes.py | 16 +- tests/integration/test_interpreter.py | 2 +- tests/unit/test_expression_parser.py | 20 +- tests/unit/test_optimizer.py | 4 +- tests/unit/test_security_validator.py | 2 +- tests/unit/test_sort_manager.py | 2 +- tests/unit/test_verifier.py | 6 +- utils/__init__.py | 0 {examples => utils}/azure_config.py | 0 z3adapter/__init__.py | 8 + z3adapter/_version.py | 3 + z3adapter/backends/__init__.py | 7 + {z3dsl => z3adapter}/backends/abstract.py | 0 {z3dsl => z3adapter}/backends/json_backend.py | 6 +- {z3dsl => z3adapter}/backends/smt2_backend.py | 4 +- {z3dsl => z3adapter}/cli.py | 2 +- z3adapter/dsl/__init__.py | 6 + {z3dsl => z3adapter}/dsl/expressions.py | 2 +- {z3dsl => z3adapter}/dsl/sorts.py | 0 {z3dsl => z3adapter}/interpreter.py | 12 +- {z3dsl => z3adapter}/optimization/__init__.py | 2 +- .../optimization/optimizer.py | 2 +- z3adapter/reasoning/__init__.py | 18 + {z3dsl => z3adapter}/reasoning/evaluation.py | 2 +- .../reasoning/program_generator.py | 4 +- .../reasoning/prompt_template.py | 0 .../reasoning/proof_of_thought.py | 8 +- .../reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py | 0 {z3dsl => z3adapter}/reasoning/verifier.py | 2 +- {z3dsl => z3adapter}/security/__init__.py | 2 +- {z3dsl => z3adapter}/security/validator.py | 0 z3adapter/solvers/__init__.py | 6 + {z3dsl => z3adapter}/solvers/abstract.py | 0 {z3dsl => z3adapter}/solvers/z3_solver.py | 2 +- {z3dsl => z3adapter}/verification/__init__.py | 2 +- {z3dsl => z3adapter}/verification/verifier.py | 0 z3dsl/__init__.py | 8 - z3dsl/_version.py | 3 - z3dsl/backends/__init__.py | 7 - z3dsl/dsl/__init__.py | 6 - z3dsl/reasoning/__init__.py | 18 - z3dsl/solvers/__init__.py | 6 - 76 files changed, 7900 insertions(+), 185 deletions(-) rename {examples => benchmark}/bench_conditionalqa.py (91%) rename {examples => benchmark}/bench_folio.py (87%) rename {examples => benchmark}/bench_prontoqa.py (83%) rename {examples => benchmark}/bench_proofwriter.py (87%) rename {examples => benchmark}/bench_strategyqa.py (72%) rename {examples => data}/ProntoQA_dev_gpt-4.json (100%) rename {examples => data}/ProntoQA_dev_processed.json (100%) rename {examples => data}/conditionalqa_documents.json (100%) rename {examples => data}/conditionalqa_documents_processed.json (100%) rename {examples => data}/conditionalqa_train.json (100%) rename {examples => data}/conditionalqa_train_processed.json (100%) create mode 100644 data/folio_v2_train.jsonl create mode 100644 data/folio_v2_train_processed.json rename {examples => data}/proofwriter_test.parquet (100%) rename {examples => data}/proofwriter_test_processed.json (100%) rename {examples => data}/strategyQA_train.json (100%) rename {examples => data}/strategyqa_results.json (100%) create mode 100755 experiments_pipeline.py create mode 100644 results/.gitkeep create mode 100644 results/benchmark_results.json create mode 100644 results/benchmark_results.md create mode 100644 utils/__init__.py rename {examples => utils}/azure_config.py (100%) create mode 100644 z3adapter/__init__.py create mode 100644 z3adapter/_version.py create mode 100644 z3adapter/backends/__init__.py rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/backends/abstract.py (100%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/backends/json_backend.py (93%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/backends/smt2_backend.py (97%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/cli.py (97%) create mode 100644 z3adapter/dsl/__init__.py rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/dsl/expressions.py (99%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/dsl/sorts.py (100%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/interpreter.py (95%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/optimization/__init__.py (54%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/optimization/optimizer.py (98%) create mode 100644 z3adapter/reasoning/__init__.py rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/reasoning/evaluation.py (99%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/reasoning/program_generator.py (98%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/reasoning/prompt_template.py (100%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py (96%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py (100%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/reasoning/verifier.py (98%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/security/__init__.py (58%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/security/validator.py (100%) create mode 100644 z3adapter/solvers/__init__.py rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/solvers/abstract.py (100%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/solvers/z3_solver.py (93%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/verification/__init__.py (55%) rename {z3dsl => z3adapter}/verification/verifier.py (100%) delete mode 100644 z3dsl/__init__.py delete mode 100644 z3dsl/_version.py delete mode 100644 z3dsl/backends/__init__.py delete mode 100644 z3dsl/dsl/__init__.py delete mode 100644 z3dsl/reasoning/__init__.py delete mode 100644 z3dsl/solvers/__init__.py diff --git a/BACKENDS.md b/BACKENDS.md index 516bcc2..ed57c34 100644 --- a/BACKENDS.md +++ b/BACKENDS.md @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ The SMT2 backend generates programs in SMT-LIB 2.0 format and executes them via **Usage:** ```python -from z3dsl.reasoning import ProofOfThought +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought pot = ProofOfThought( llm_client=client, @@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ The JSON backend uses a custom JSON DSL that is parsed by Python and executed vi **Usage:** ```python -from z3dsl.reasoning import ProofOfThought +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought pot = ProofOfThought( llm_client=client, @@ -48,11 +48,11 @@ result = pot.query("Can fish breathe underwater?") ## How It Works 1. **Program Generation**: The LLM generates programs in the format specified by the backend - - JSON backend: Uses `z3dsl.reasoning.prompt_template` - - SMT2 backend: Uses `z3dsl.reasoning.smt2_prompt_template` + - JSON backend: Uses `z3adapter.reasoning.prompt_template` + - SMT2 backend: Uses `z3adapter.reasoning.smt2_prompt_template` 2. **Execution**: Programs are saved to temporary files and executed - - JSON backend: Parsed and executed via `z3dsl.interpreter.Z3JSONInterpreter` + - JSON backend: Parsed and executed via `z3adapter.interpreter.Z3JSONInterpreter` - SMT2 backend: Executed via Z3 CLI subprocess 3. **Result Parsing**: Both backends return a `VerificationResult` with: @@ -78,8 +78,8 @@ Choose your backend based on your needs: ## Example: Comparing Backends ```python -from azure_config import get_client_config -from z3dsl.reasoning import ProofOfThought +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought config = get_client_config() question = "Can fish breathe underwater?" @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ Programs can be saved using `save_program=True` in the `query()` method. The backend system follows an abstract interface pattern: ``` -z3dsl/backends/ +z3adapter/backends/ ├── abstract.py # Backend interface ├── json_backend.py # JSON DSL backend └── smt2_backend.py # SMT-LIB 2.0 backend diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 238b863..3483180 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ LLM-based reasoning using Z3 theorem proving. ```python from openai import OpenAI -from z3dsl.reasoning import ProofOfThought +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought client = OpenAI(api_key="...") pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client) @@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ print(result.answer) # False ## Batch Evaluation ```python -from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline +from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline evaluator = EvaluationPipeline(pot, output_dir="results/") result = evaluator.evaluate( @@ -52,11 +52,55 @@ See [BACKENDS.md](BACKENDS.md) for details on choosing a backend. The system has two layers: -1. **High-level API** (`z3dsl.reasoning`) - Simple Python interface for reasoning tasks -2. **Low-level execution** (`z3dsl.backends`) - JSON DSL or SMT2 backend for Z3 +1. **High-level API** (`z3adapter.reasoning`) - Simple Python interface for reasoning tasks +2. **Low-level execution** (`z3adapter.backends`) - JSON DSL or SMT2 backend for Z3 Most users should use the high-level API. ## Examples See `examples/` directory for complete examples including Azure OpenAI support. + +## Running Experiments + +To run all benchmarks with both backends and generate results: + +```bash +python experiments_pipeline.py +``` + +This will: +- Run all 5 benchmarks (ProntoQA, FOLIO, ProofWriter, ConditionalQA, StrategyQA) +- Test both SMT2 and JSON backends +- Generate results tables in `results/` +- Automatically update the benchmark results section below + + + +# Benchmark Results + +**Last Updated:** 2025-10-16 18:14:07 + +| Benchmark | Backend | Samples | Accuracy | Precision | Recall | F1 Score | Success Rate | +|-----------|---------|---------|----------|-----------|--------|----------|--------------| +| PRONTOQA | SMT2 | 100 | 100.00% | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 100.00% | +| FOLIO | SMT2 | 100 | 69.00% | 0.6949 | 0.7736 | 0.7321 | 99.00% | +| PROOFWRITER | SMT2 | 96 | 98.96% | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 98.96% | +| CONDITIONALQA | SMT2 | 100 | 83.00% | 0.9375 | 0.8219 | 0.8759 | 100.00% | +| STRATEGYQA | SMT2 | 100 | 84.00% | 0.8205 | 0.7805 | 0.8000 | 100.00% | +| PRONTOQA | JSON | 100 | 99.00% | 1.0000 | 0.9815 | 0.9907 | 100.00% | +| FOLIO | JSON | 100 | 76.00% | 0.7619 | 0.9412 | 0.8421 | 94.00% | +| PROOFWRITER | JSON | 96 | 95.83% | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 95.83% | +| CONDITIONALQA | JSON | 100 | 76.00% | 0.9180 | 0.8750 | 0.8960 | 89.00% | +| STRATEGYQA | JSON | 100 | 68.00% | 0.7500 | 0.7895 | 0.7692 | 86.00% | + +## Notes + +- **Accuracy**: Percentage of correct predictions +- **Precision**: True positives / (True positives + False positives) +- **Recall**: True positives / (True positives + False negatives) +- **F1 Score**: Harmonic mean of precision and recall +- **Success Rate**: Percentage of queries that completed without errors + + + diff --git a/REASONING_API.md b/REASONING_API.md index 788a0a3..451dc1e 100644 --- a/REASONING_API.md +++ b/REASONING_API.md @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ Simple Python API for LLM-based reasoning with Z3 theorem proving. Inspired by D ```python from openai import OpenAI -from z3dsl.reasoning import ProofOfThought +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought client = OpenAI(api_key="...") pot = ProofOfThought( @@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ print(result.answer) # True/False/None ### EvaluationPipeline ```python -from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline +from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline evaluator = EvaluationPipeline(pot, output_dir="results/") result = evaluator.evaluate( diff --git a/examples/bench_conditionalqa.py b/benchmark/bench_conditionalqa.py similarity index 91% rename from examples/bench_conditionalqa.py rename to benchmark/bench_conditionalqa.py index 37f4db0..41f2c12 100644 --- a/examples/bench_conditionalqa.py +++ b/benchmark/bench_conditionalqa.py @@ -25,14 +25,13 @@ import os import sys from pathlib import Path -from typing import Any +from typing import Any, Literal -# Add parent directory to path for z3dsl imports +# Add parent directory to path for z3adapter imports sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) -from azure_config import get_client_config - -from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought # Configure logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") @@ -213,8 +212,8 @@ def preprocess_questions( def main() -> None: """Run ConditionalQA benchmark.""" # Preprocess documents - documents_file = "examples/conditionalqa_documents.json" - processed_docs_file = "examples/conditionalqa_documents_processed.json" + documents_file = "data/conditionalqa_documents.json" + processed_docs_file = "data/conditionalqa_documents_processed.json" print("=" * 80) print("STAGE 1: PREPROCESSING DOCUMENTS") @@ -231,8 +230,8 @@ def main() -> None: print() # Preprocess questions - questions_file = "examples/conditionalqa_train.json" - processed_questions_file = "examples/conditionalqa_train_processed.json" + questions_file = "data/conditionalqa_train.json" + processed_questions_file = "data/conditionalqa_train_processed.json" print("=" * 80) print("STAGE 2: PREPROCESSING QUESTIONS") @@ -249,13 +248,16 @@ def main() -> None: # Get Azure OpenAI configuration config = get_client_config() - # Create ProofOfThought instance with SMT2 backend + # Backend selection (change this to "json" to test JSON backend) + BACKEND: Literal["json", "smt2"] = "json" # Options: "smt2" or "json" + + # Create ProofOfThought instance with configurable backend pot = ProofOfThought( llm_client=config["llm_client"], model=config["model"], - backend="smt2", + backend=BACKEND, max_attempts=3, - cache_dir="output/programs_smt2_conditionalqa", + cache_dir=f"output/{BACKEND}_programs_conditionalqa", z3_path="z3", ) @@ -267,7 +269,7 @@ def main() -> None: # Create evaluation pipeline with parallel workers evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( proof_of_thought=pot, - output_dir="output/evaluation_results_conditionalqa", + output_dir=f"output/{BACKEND}_evaluation_conditionalqa", num_workers=10, ) @@ -283,7 +285,7 @@ def main() -> None: # Print results print("\n" + "=" * 80) - print("CONDITIONALQA BENCHMARK RESULTS (SMT2 Backend + Azure GPT-5)") + print(f"CONDITIONALQA BENCHMARK RESULTS ({BACKEND.upper()} Backend + Azure GPT-5)") print("=" * 80) print(f"Total Samples: {result.metrics.total_samples}") print(f"Correct: {result.metrics.correct_answers}") diff --git a/examples/bench_folio.py b/benchmark/bench_folio.py similarity index 87% rename from examples/bench_folio.py rename to benchmark/bench_folio.py index e8968c6..f6ffec6 100644 --- a/examples/bench_folio.py +++ b/benchmark/bench_folio.py @@ -15,13 +15,13 @@ import logging import sys from pathlib import Path +from typing import Literal -# Add parent directory to path for z3dsl imports +# Add parent directory to path for z3adapter imports sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) -from azure_config import get_client_config - -from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought # Configure logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") @@ -88,8 +88,8 @@ def preprocess_folio(jsonl_path: str, output_path: str) -> None: # Preprocess the dataset -jsonl_file = "examples/folio_v2_train.jsonl" -processed_file = "examples/folio_v2_train_processed.json" +jsonl_file = "data/folio_v2_train.jsonl" +processed_file = "data/folio_v2_train_processed.json" print("Preprocessing FOLIO dataset...") preprocess_folio(jsonl_file, processed_file) @@ -98,20 +98,23 @@ def preprocess_folio(jsonl_path: str, output_path: str) -> None: # Get Azure OpenAI configuration config = get_client_config() -# Create ProofOfThought instance with SMT2 backend +# Backend selection (change this to "json" to test JSON backend) +BACKEND: Literal["json", "smt2"] = "json" # Options: "smt2" or "json" + +# Create ProofOfThought instance with configurable backend pot = ProofOfThought( llm_client=config["llm_client"], model=config["model"], - backend="smt2", + backend=BACKEND, max_attempts=3, - cache_dir="output/programs_smt2_folio", + cache_dir=f"output/{BACKEND}_programs_folio", z3_path="z3", ) # Create evaluation pipeline with parallel workers evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( proof_of_thought=pot, - output_dir="output/evaluation_results_folio", + output_dir=f"output/{BACKEND}_evaluation_folio", num_workers=10, ) @@ -127,7 +130,7 @@ def preprocess_folio(jsonl_path: str, output_path: str) -> None: # Print results print("\n" + "=" * 80) -print("FOLIO BENCHMARK RESULTS (SMT2 Backend + Azure GPT-5)") +print(f"FOLIO BENCHMARK RESULTS ({BACKEND.upper()} Backend + Azure GPT-5)") print("=" * 80) print(f"Total Samples: {result.metrics.total_samples}") print(f"Correct: {result.metrics.correct_answers}") diff --git a/examples/bench_prontoqa.py b/benchmark/bench_prontoqa.py similarity index 83% rename from examples/bench_prontoqa.py rename to benchmark/bench_prontoqa.py index 28a9f1b..ac6ca4b 100644 --- a/examples/bench_prontoqa.py +++ b/benchmark/bench_prontoqa.py @@ -13,13 +13,13 @@ import logging import sys from pathlib import Path +from typing import Literal -# Add parent directory to path for z3dsl imports +# Add parent directory to path for z3adapter imports sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) -from azure_config import get_client_config - -from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought # Configure logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") @@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ def preprocess_prontoqa(input_path: str, output_path: str) -> None: # Preprocess the dataset -input_file = "examples/ProntoQA_dev_gpt-4.json" -processed_file = "examples/ProntoQA_dev_processed.json" +input_file = "data/ProntoQA_dev_gpt-4.json" +processed_file = "data/ProntoQA_dev_processed.json" print("Preprocessing ProntoQA dataset...") preprocess_prontoqa(input_file, processed_file) @@ -77,20 +77,23 @@ def preprocess_prontoqa(input_path: str, output_path: str) -> None: # Get Azure OpenAI configuration config = get_client_config() -# Create ProofOfThought instance with SMT2 backend +# Backend selection (change this to "json" to test JSON backend) +BACKEND: Literal["json", "smt2"] = "json" # Options: "smt2" or "json" + +# Create ProofOfThought instance with configurable backend pot = ProofOfThought( llm_client=config["llm_client"], model=config["model"], - backend="smt2", + backend=BACKEND, max_attempts=3, - cache_dir="output/programs_smt2_prontoqa", + cache_dir=f"output/{BACKEND}_programs_prontoqa", z3_path="z3", ) # Create evaluation pipeline with parallel workers evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( proof_of_thought=pot, - output_dir="output/evaluation_results_prontoqa", + output_dir=f"output/{BACKEND}_evaluation_prontoqa", num_workers=10, ) @@ -106,7 +109,7 @@ def preprocess_prontoqa(input_path: str, output_path: str) -> None: # Print results print("\n" + "=" * 80) -print("PRONTOQA BENCHMARK RESULTS (SMT2 Backend + Azure GPT-5)") +print(f"PRONTOQA BENCHMARK RESULTS ({BACKEND.upper()} Backend + Azure GPT-5)") print("=" * 80) print(f"Total Samples: {result.metrics.total_samples}") print(f"Correct: {result.metrics.correct_answers}") diff --git a/examples/bench_proofwriter.py b/benchmark/bench_proofwriter.py similarity index 87% rename from examples/bench_proofwriter.py rename to benchmark/bench_proofwriter.py index 0b8a44f..4bbbbd3 100644 --- a/examples/bench_proofwriter.py +++ b/benchmark/bench_proofwriter.py @@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ import logging import sys from pathlib import Path +from typing import Literal -# Add parent directory to path for z3dsl imports +# Add parent directory to path for z3adapter imports sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) -from azure_config import get_client_config - -from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought # Configure logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") @@ -93,8 +93,8 @@ def preprocess_proofwriter(parquet_path: str, output_path: str, max_samples: int # Preprocess the dataset -parquet_file = "examples/proofwriter_test.parquet" -processed_file = "examples/proofwriter_test_processed.json" +parquet_file = "data/proofwriter_test.parquet" +processed_file = "data/proofwriter_test_processed.json" print("Preprocessing ProofWriter dataset...") preprocess_proofwriter(parquet_file, processed_file, max_samples=1000) @@ -103,20 +103,23 @@ def preprocess_proofwriter(parquet_path: str, output_path: str, max_samples: int # Get Azure OpenAI configuration config = get_client_config() -# Create ProofOfThought instance with SMT2 backend +# Backend selection (change this to "json" to test JSON backend) +BACKEND: Literal["json", "smt2"] = "json" # Options: "smt2" or "json" + +# Create ProofOfThought instance with configurable backend pot = ProofOfThought( llm_client=config["llm_client"], model=config["model"], - backend="smt2", + backend=BACKEND, max_attempts=3, - cache_dir="output/programs_smt2_proofwriter", + cache_dir=f"output/{BACKEND}_programs_proofwriter", z3_path="z3", ) # Create evaluation pipeline with parallel workers evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( proof_of_thought=pot, - output_dir="output/evaluation_results_proofwriter", + output_dir=f"output/{BACKEND}_evaluation_proofwriter", num_workers=10, ) @@ -132,7 +135,7 @@ def preprocess_proofwriter(parquet_path: str, output_path: str, max_samples: int # Print results print("\n" + "=" * 80) -print("PROOFWRITER BENCHMARK RESULTS (SMT2 Backend + Azure GPT-5)") +print(f"PROOFWRITER BENCHMARK RESULTS ({BACKEND.upper()} Backend + Azure GPT-5)") print("=" * 80) print(f"Total Samples: {result.metrics.total_samples}") print(f"Correct: {result.metrics.correct_answers}") diff --git a/examples/bench_strategyqa.py b/benchmark/bench_strategyqa.py similarity index 72% rename from examples/bench_strategyqa.py rename to benchmark/bench_strategyqa.py index d167a34..49dec37 100644 --- a/examples/bench_strategyqa.py +++ b/benchmark/bench_strategyqa.py @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ import logging import sys from pathlib import Path +from typing import Literal -# Add parent directory to path for z3dsl imports +# Add parent directory to path for z3adapter imports sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) -from azure_config import get_client_config - -from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought # Configure logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") @@ -23,26 +23,29 @@ # Get Azure OpenAI configuration config = get_client_config() -# Create ProofOfThought instance with SMT2 backend +# Backend selection (change this to "json" to test JSON backend) +BACKEND: Literal["json", "smt2"] = "json" # Options: "smt2" or "json" + +# Create ProofOfThought instance with configurable backend pot = ProofOfThought( llm_client=config["llm_client"], model=config["model"], - backend="smt2", + backend=BACKEND, max_attempts=3, - cache_dir="output/programs_smt2_strategyqa", + cache_dir=f"output/{BACKEND}_programs_strategyqa", z3_path="z3", ) # Create evaluation pipeline with parallel workers evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( proof_of_thought=pot, - output_dir="output/evaluation_results_strategyqa", + output_dir=f"output/{BACKEND}_evaluation_strategyqa", num_workers=10, ) # Run evaluation result = evaluator.evaluate( - dataset="examples/strategyQA_train.json", + dataset="data/strategyQA_train.json", question_field="question", answer_field="answer", id_field="qid", @@ -52,7 +55,7 @@ # Print results print("\n" + "=" * 80) -print("STRATEGYQA BENCHMARK RESULTS (SMT2 Backend + Azure GPT-5)") +print(f"STRATEGYQA BENCHMARK RESULTS ({BACKEND.upper()} Backend + Azure GPT-5)") print("=" * 80) print(f"Total Samples: {result.metrics.total_samples}") print(f"Correct: {result.metrics.correct_answers}") diff --git a/benchmark_pipeline.py b/benchmark_pipeline.py index 1e0f73d..67f6e01 100644 --- a/benchmark_pipeline.py +++ b/benchmark_pipeline.py @@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ recall_score, ) -from z3dsl.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter +from z3adapter.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter def calculate_metrics(y_true: list[Any], y_pred: list[Any]) -> dict[str, Any]: diff --git a/examples/ProntoQA_dev_gpt-4.json b/data/ProntoQA_dev_gpt-4.json similarity index 100% rename from examples/ProntoQA_dev_gpt-4.json rename to data/ProntoQA_dev_gpt-4.json diff --git a/examples/ProntoQA_dev_processed.json b/data/ProntoQA_dev_processed.json similarity index 100% rename from examples/ProntoQA_dev_processed.json rename to data/ProntoQA_dev_processed.json diff --git a/examples/conditionalqa_documents.json b/data/conditionalqa_documents.json similarity index 100% rename from examples/conditionalqa_documents.json rename to data/conditionalqa_documents.json diff --git a/examples/conditionalqa_documents_processed.json b/data/conditionalqa_documents_processed.json similarity index 100% rename from examples/conditionalqa_documents_processed.json rename to data/conditionalqa_documents_processed.json diff --git a/examples/conditionalqa_train.json b/data/conditionalqa_train.json similarity index 100% rename from examples/conditionalqa_train.json rename to data/conditionalqa_train.json diff --git a/examples/conditionalqa_train_processed.json b/data/conditionalqa_train_processed.json similarity index 100% rename from examples/conditionalqa_train_processed.json rename to data/conditionalqa_train_processed.json diff --git a/data/folio_v2_train.jsonl b/data/folio_v2_train.jsonl new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e7f2072 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/folio_v2_train.jsonl @@ -0,0 +1,1001 @@ +{"story_id": 406, "premises": "All people who regularly drink coffee are dependent on caffeine.\nPeople regularly drink coffee, or they don't want to be addicted to caffeine, or both.\nNo one who doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine is unaware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or she is not a student and is she aware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is dependent on caffeine, or she is not a student and not dependent on caffeine.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (DrinkRegularly(x, coffee) \u2192 IsDependentOn(x, caffeine))\n\u2200x (DrinkRegularly(x, coffee) \u2228 (\u00acWantToBeAddictedTo(x, caffeine)))\n\u2200x (\u00acWantToBeAddictedTo(x, caffeine) \u2192 \u00acAwareThatDrug(x, caffeine))\n\u00ac(Student(rina) \u2295 \u00acAwareThatDrug(rina, caffeine))\n\u00ac(IsDependentOn(rina, caffeine) \u2295 Student(rina))", "conclusion": "Rina doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine or is unaware that caffeine is a drug.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acWantToBeAddictedTo(rina, caffeine) \u2228 (\u00acAwareThatDrug(rina, caffeine))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1126} +{"story_id": 406, "premises": "All people who regularly drink coffee are dependent on caffeine.\nPeople regularly drink coffee, or they don't want to be addicted to caffeine, or both.\nNo one who doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine is unaware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or she is not a student and is she aware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is dependent on caffeine, or she is not a student and not dependent on caffeine.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (DrinkRegularly(x, coffee) \u2192 IsDependentOn(x, caffeine))\n\u2200x (DrinkRegularly(x, coffee) \u2228 (\u00acWantToBeAddictedTo(x, caffeine)))\n\u2200x (\u00acWantToBeAddictedTo(x, caffeine) \u2192 \u00acAwareThatDrug(x, caffeine))\n\u00ac(Student(rina) \u2295 \u00acAwareThatDrug(rina, caffeine))\n\u00ac(IsDependentOn(rina, caffeine) \u2295 Student(rina))", "conclusion": "Rina eith doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine or is unaware that caffeine is a drug.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acWantToBeAddictedTo(rina, caffeine) \u2295 \u00acAwareThatDrug(rina, caffeine)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1127} +{"story_id": 406, "premises": "All people who regularly drink coffee are dependent on caffeine.\nPeople regularly drink coffee, or they don't want to be addicted to caffeine, or both.\nNo one who doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine is unaware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or she is not a student and is she aware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is dependent on caffeine, or she is not a student and not dependent on caffeine.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (DrinkRegularly(x, coffee) \u2192 IsDependentOn(x, caffeine))\n\u2200x (DrinkRegularly(x, coffee) \u2228 (\u00acWantToBeAddictedTo(x, caffeine)))\n\u2200x (\u00acWantToBeAddictedTo(x, caffeine) \u2192 \u00acAwareThatDrug(x, caffeine))\n\u00ac(Student(rina) \u2295 \u00acAwareThatDrug(rina, caffeine))\n\u00ac(IsDependentOn(rina, caffeine) \u2295 Student(rina))", "conclusion": "Rina either regularly drinks coffee or is unaware that caffeine is a drug.", "conclusion-FOL": "DrinkRegularly(rina, coffee) \u2295 IsUnawareThatCaffeineIsADrug(rina)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1128} +{"story_id": 406, "premises": "All people who regularly drink coffee are dependent on caffeine.\nPeople regularly drink coffee, or they don't want to be addicted to caffeine, or both.\nNo one who doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine is unaware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or she is not a student and is she aware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is dependent on caffeine, or she is not a student and not dependent on caffeine.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (DrinkRegularly(x, coffee) \u2192 IsDependentOn(x, caffeine))\n\u2200x (DrinkRegularly(x, coffee) \u2228 (\u00acWantToBeAddictedTo(x, caffeine)))\n\u2200x (\u00acWantToBeAddictedTo(x, caffeine) \u2192 \u00acAwareThatDrug(x, caffeine))\n\u00ac(Student(rina) \u2295 \u00acAwareThatDrug(rina, caffeine))\n\u00ac(IsDependentOn(rina, caffeine) \u2295 Student(rina))", "conclusion": "If Rina either doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine and is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or neither doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine nor is unaware that caffeine is a drug, then Rina doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine and regularly drinks coffee.", "conclusion-FOL": "(DoNotWantToBeAddictedToCaffeine(rina) \u2295 \u00acAwareThatDrug(rina, caffeine)) \u2192 \u00ac(\u00acWantToBeAddictedTo(rina, caffeine) \u2227 DrinkRegularly(rina, coffee))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1129} +{"story_id": 8, "premises": "Miroslav Venhoda was a Czech choral conductor who specialized in the performance of Renaissance and Baroque music.\nAny choral conductor is a musician.\nSome musicians love music.\nMiroslav Venhoda published a book in 1946 called Method of Studying Gregorian Chant.", "premises-FOL": "Czech(miroslav) \u2227 ChoralConductor(miroslav) \u2227 SpecializeInPerformanceOf(miroslav, renaissanceMusic) \u2227 SpecializeInPerformanceOf(miroslav, baroqueMusic)\n\u2200x (ChoralConductor(x) \u2192 Musician(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y ((Musician(x) \u2192 Love(x, music)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 Musician(y) \u2192 Love(y, music)))\nPublishedBook(miroslav, methodOfStudyingGregorianChant, yr1946)", "conclusion": "Miroslav Venhoda loved music.", "conclusion-FOL": "Love(miroslav, music)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 20} +{"story_id": 8, "premises": "Miroslav Venhoda was a Czech choral conductor who specialized in the performance of Renaissance and Baroque music.\nAny choral conductor is a musician.\nSome musicians love music.\nMiroslav Venhoda published a book in 1946 called Method of Studying Gregorian Chant.", "premises-FOL": "Czech(miroslav) \u2227 ChoralConductor(miroslav) \u2227 SpecializeInPerformanceOf(miroslav, renaissanceMusic) \u2227 SpecializeInPerformanceOf(miroslav, baroqueMusic)\n\u2200x (ChoralConductor(x) \u2192 Musician(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y ((Musician(x) \u2192 Love(x, music)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 Musician(y) \u2192 Love(y, music)))\nPublishedBook(miroslav, methodOfStudyingGregorianChant, yr1946)", "conclusion": "A Czech published a book in 1946.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Czech(x) \u2227 PublishedBook(x, y, year1946))", "label": "True", "example_id": 21} +{"story_id": 8, "premises": "Miroslav Venhoda was a Czech choral conductor who specialized in the performance of Renaissance and Baroque music.\nAny choral conductor is a musician.\nSome musicians love music.\nMiroslav Venhoda published a book in 1946 called Method of Studying Gregorian Chant.", "premises-FOL": "Czech(miroslav) \u2227 ChoralConductor(miroslav) \u2227 SpecializeInPerformanceOf(miroslav, renaissanceMusic) \u2227 SpecializeInPerformanceOf(miroslav, baroqueMusic)\n\u2200x (ChoralConductor(x) \u2192 Musician(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y ((Musician(x) \u2192 Love(x, music)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 Musician(y) \u2192 Love(y, music)))\nPublishedBook(miroslav, methodOfStudyingGregorianChant, yr1946)", "conclusion": "No choral conductor specialized in the performance of Renaissance.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (ChoralConductor(x) \u2192 \u00acSpecializeInPerformanceOf(x, renaissanceMusic))", "label": "False", "example_id": 22} +{"story_id": 463, "premises": "All eels are fish. \nNo fish are plants. \nEverything displayed in the collection is either a plant or an animal.\nAll multicellular animals are not bacteria.\nAll animals displayed in the collection are multicellular.\nA sea eel is displayed in the collection.\nThe sea eel is an eel or an animal or not a plant.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Eel(x) \u2192 Fish(x))\n\u2200x (Fish(x) \u2192 \u00acPlant(x))\n\u2200x (DisplayedIn(x, collection) \u2192 Plant(x) \u2295 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Multicellular(x) \u2192 \u00acBacteria(x))\n\u2200x (DisplayedIn(x, collection) \u2227 Animal(x) \u2192 Multicellular(x))\nDisplayedIn(seaEel, collection)\nEel(seaEel) \u2228 Animal(seaEel) \u2228 \u00acPlant(seaEel)", "conclusion": "The sea eel is an eel.", "conclusion-FOL": "Eel(seaEel)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1336} +{"story_id": 463, "premises": "All eels are fish. \nNo fish are plants. \nEverything displayed in the collection is either a plant or an animal.\nAll multicellular animals are not bacteria.\nAll animals displayed in the collection are multicellular.\nA sea eel is displayed in the collection.\nThe sea eel is an eel or an animal or not a plant.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Eel(x) \u2192 Fish(x))\n\u2200x (Fish(x) \u2192 \u00acPlant(x))\n\u2200x (DisplayedIn(x, collection) \u2192 Plant(x) \u2295 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Multicellular(x) \u2192 \u00acBacteria(x))\n\u2200x (DisplayedIn(x, collection) \u2227 Animal(x) \u2192 Multicellular(x))\nDisplayedIn(seaEel, collection)\nEel(seaEel) \u2228 Animal(seaEel) \u2228 \u00acPlant(seaEel)", "conclusion": "The sea eel is bacteria.", "conclusion-FOL": "Bacteria(seaEel)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1337} +{"story_id": 463, "premises": "All eels are fish. \nNo fish are plants. \nEverything displayed in the collection is either a plant or an animal.\nAll multicellular animals are not bacteria.\nAll animals displayed in the collection are multicellular.\nA sea eel is displayed in the collection.\nThe sea eel is an eel or an animal or not a plant.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Eel(x) \u2192 Fish(x))\n\u2200x (Fish(x) \u2192 \u00acPlant(x))\n\u2200x (DisplayedIn(x, collection) \u2192 Plant(x) \u2295 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Multicellular(x) \u2192 \u00acBacteria(x))\n\u2200x (DisplayedIn(x, collection) \u2227 Animal(x) \u2192 Multicellular(x))\nDisplayedIn(seaEel, collection)\nEel(seaEel) \u2228 Animal(seaEel) \u2228 \u00acPlant(seaEel)", "conclusion": "The sea eel is multicellular or is bacteria.", "conclusion-FOL": "Multicellular(seaEel) \u2228 Bacteria(seaEel)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1338} +{"story_id": 133, "premises": "The Blake McFall Company Building is a building added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.\nThe Emmet Building is a five-story building in Portland, Oregon.\nThe Emmet Building was built in 1915.\nThe Emmet Building is another name for the Blake McFall Company Building.\nJohn works at the Emmet Building.", "premises-FOL": "Building(blakeMcFallCompanyBuilding) \u2227 AddedToIn(blakeMcFallCompanyBuilding, theNationalRegisterOfHistoricPlaces, year1990)\nBuilding(emmetBuilding) \u2227 Five-Story(emmetBuilding) \u2227 LocatedIn(emmetBuilding, portland) \u2227 LocatedIn(portland, oregon))\nBuiltIn(emmetBuilding, year1915)\nemmetBuiling=blakeMcFallCompanyBuilding\nWorkAt(john, emmetBuilding)", "conclusion": "A five-story building is built in 1915.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Building(x) \u2227 Five-Story(x) \u2227 ConstructedIn(x, year1915))", "label": "True", "example_id": 392} +{"story_id": 133, "premises": "The Blake McFall Company Building is a building added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.\nThe Emmet Building is a five-story building in Portland, Oregon.\nThe Emmet Building was built in 1915.\nThe Emmet Building is another name for the Blake McFall Company Building.\nJohn works at the Emmet Building.", "premises-FOL": "Building(blakeMcFallCompanyBuilding) \u2227 AddedToIn(blakeMcFallCompanyBuilding, theNationalRegisterOfHistoricPlaces, year1990)\nBuilding(emmetBuilding) \u2227 Five-Story(emmetBuilding) \u2227 LocatedIn(emmetBuilding, portland) \u2227 LocatedIn(portland, oregon))\nBuiltIn(emmetBuilding, year1915)\nemmetBuiling=blakeMcFallCompanyBuilding\nWorkAt(john, emmetBuilding)", "conclusion": "The Blake McFall Company Building is located in Portland, Oregon.", "conclusion-FOL": "LocatedIn(blakeMcFallCompanyBuilding, portland)", "label": "True", "example_id": 393} +{"story_id": 133, "premises": "The Blake McFall Company Building is a building added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.\nThe Emmet Building is a five-story building in Portland, Oregon.\nThe Emmet Building was built in 1915.\nThe Emmet Building is another name for the Blake McFall Company Building.\nJohn works at the Emmet Building.", "premises-FOL": "Building(blakeMcFallCompanyBuilding) \u2227 AddedToIn(blakeMcFallCompanyBuilding, theNationalRegisterOfHistoricPlaces, year1990)\nBuilding(emmetBuilding) \u2227 Five-Story(emmetBuilding) \u2227 LocatedIn(emmetBuilding, portland) \u2227 LocatedIn(portland, oregon))\nBuiltIn(emmetBuilding, year1915)\nemmetBuiling=blakeMcFallCompanyBuilding\nWorkAt(john, emmetBuilding)", "conclusion": "John started his current job in 1990.", "conclusion-FOL": "StartCurrentJobIn(john, year1990)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 394} +{"story_id": 226, "premises": "William Dickinson was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons\nWilliam Dickinson attended Westminster school for high school and then the University of Edinburgh.\nThe University of Edinburgh is a university located in the United Kingdom.\nWilliam Dickinson supported the Portland Whigs.\nPeople who supported the Portland Whigs did not get a seat in the Parliament.", "premises-FOL": "British(williamDickinson) \u2227 Politician(williamDickinson) \u2227 SatIn(williamDickinson, houseOfCommons)\nAttended(williamDickinson, westminsterSchool) \u2227 Highschool(westminsterSchool) \u2227 Attended(williamDickinson, universityOfEdinburgh)\nUniversity(universityOfEdinburgh) \u2227 LocatedIn(universityOfEdinburgh, unitedKingdom)\nSupported(williamDickinson, portlandWhigs)\n\u2200x (Supported(x, portlandWhigs) \u2192 \u00acSatIn(x, parliament))", "conclusion": "William Dickinson did not get a seat in Parliament.", "conclusion-FOL": "SatIn(williamDickinson, parliament)", "label": "True", "example_id": 636} +{"story_id": 226, "premises": "William Dickinson was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons\nWilliam Dickinson attended Westminster school for high school and then the University of Edinburgh.\nThe University of Edinburgh is a university located in the United Kingdom.\nWilliam Dickinson supported the Portland Whigs.\nPeople who supported the Portland Whigs did not get a seat in the Parliament.", "premises-FOL": "British(williamDickinson) \u2227 Politician(williamDickinson) \u2227 SatIn(williamDickinson, houseOfCommons)\nAttended(williamDickinson, westminsterSchool) \u2227 Highschool(westminsterSchool) \u2227 Attended(williamDickinson, universityOfEdinburgh)\nUniversity(universityOfEdinburgh) \u2227 LocatedIn(universityOfEdinburgh, unitedKingdom)\nSupported(williamDickinson, portlandWhigs)\n\u2200x (Supported(x, portlandWhigs) \u2192 \u00acSatIn(x, parliament))", "conclusion": "William Dickinson went to schools located in the United Kingdom for both high school and university.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Attended(williamDickinson, x) \u2227 Highschool(x) \u2227 LocatedIn(x, unitedKingdom) \u2227 Attended(williamDickinson, y) \u2227 University(y) \u2227 LocatedIn(y, unitedKingdom))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 637} +{"story_id": 226, "premises": "William Dickinson was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons\nWilliam Dickinson attended Westminster school for high school and then the University of Edinburgh.\nThe University of Edinburgh is a university located in the United Kingdom.\nWilliam Dickinson supported the Portland Whigs.\nPeople who supported the Portland Whigs did not get a seat in the Parliament.", "premises-FOL": "British(williamDickinson) \u2227 Politician(williamDickinson) \u2227 SatIn(williamDickinson, houseOfCommons)\nAttended(williamDickinson, westminsterSchool) \u2227 Highschool(westminsterSchool) \u2227 Attended(williamDickinson, universityOfEdinburgh)\nUniversity(universityOfEdinburgh) \u2227 LocatedIn(universityOfEdinburgh, unitedKingdom)\nSupported(williamDickinson, portlandWhigs)\n\u2200x (Supported(x, portlandWhigs) \u2192 \u00acSatIn(x, parliament))", "conclusion": "William Dickinson attended university in the United Kingdom.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Attended(williamDickinson, x) \u2227 University(x) \u2227 LocatedIn(x, unitedKingdom))", "label": "True", "example_id": 638} +{"story_id": 226, "premises": "William Dickinson was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons\nWilliam Dickinson attended Westminster school for high school and then the University of Edinburgh.\nThe University of Edinburgh is a university located in the United Kingdom.\nWilliam Dickinson supported the Portland Whigs.\nPeople who supported the Portland Whigs did not get a seat in the Parliament.", "premises-FOL": "British(williamDickinson) \u2227 Politician(williamDickinson) \u2227 SatIn(williamDickinson, houseOfCommons)\nAttended(williamDickinson, westminsterSchool) \u2227 Highschool(westminsterSchool) \u2227 Attended(williamDickinson, universityOfEdinburgh)\nUniversity(universityOfEdinburgh) \u2227 LocatedIn(universityOfEdinburgh, unitedKingdom)\nSupported(williamDickinson, portlandWhigs)\n\u2200x (Supported(x, portlandWhigs) \u2192 \u00acSatIn(x, parliament))", "conclusion": "William Dickinson sat in the House of Commons.", "conclusion-FOL": "SatIn(williamDickinson, houseOfCommons)", "label": "True", "example_id": 639} +{"story_id": 247, "premises": "LanguageA is a universal language\nIf a universal language exists, then for every two people if they both know the same universal language they can communicate.\nKatya cannot communicate with Danil.\nKatya knows LanguageA. ", "premises-FOL": "UniversalLanguage(languageA)\n\u2200x \u2200y (\u2203z (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 Know(x, z) \u2227 Know(y, z) \u2227 UniversalLanguage(z)) \u2192 CanCommunicateWith(x, y) \u2227 CanCommunicateWith(y, x))\n\u00acCanCommunicateWith(katya, danil)\nKnow(katya, languageA)", "conclusion": "Danil knows LanguageA.", "conclusion-FOL": "Know(danil, languageA)", "label": "False", "example_id": 690} +{"story_id": 422, "premises": "All customers in James' family who subscribe to AMC A-List are eligible to watch three movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome of the customers in James' family go to the cinema every week.\nCustomers in James' family subscribe to AMC A-List or HBO service. \nCustomers in James' family who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nAll customers in James' family who subscribe to HBO services prefer TV series to movies. \nLily is in James' family; she watches TV series in cinemas. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 SubscribedTo(x, aMCAList)) \u2192 EligibleForThreeFreeMoviesEveryWeekWithoutAdditionalFees(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 GoToEveryWeek(x, cinema) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Customer(y) \u2227 In(y, jameSFamily) \u2227 GoToEveryWeek(y, cinema))\n\u2200x (Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 (SubscribedTo(x, aMCAList) \u2228 SubscribedTo(x, hBO)))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 Prefer(x, tVSeries)) \u2192 (\u00acWatchIn(x, tV, cinema)))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 SubscribedTo(x, hBO)) \u2192 Prefer(x, tVSeries))\nCustomer(lily) \u2227 In(lily, jameSFamily \u2227 WatchIn(lily, tV, cinema)", "conclusion": "Lily goes to cinemas every week.", "conclusion-FOL": "GoToEveryWeek(lily, cinema)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1192} +{"story_id": 422, "premises": "All customers in James' family who subscribe to AMC A-List are eligible to watch three movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome of the customers in James' family go to the cinema every week.\nCustomers in James' family subscribe to AMC A-List or HBO service. \nCustomers in James' family who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nAll customers in James' family who subscribe to HBO services prefer TV series to movies. \nLily is in James' family; she watches TV series in cinemas. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 SubscribedTo(x, aMCAList)) \u2192 EligibleForThreeFreeMoviesEveryWeekWithoutAdditionalFees(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 GoToEveryWeek(x, cinema) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Customer(y) \u2227 In(y, jameSFamily) \u2227 GoToEveryWeek(y, cinema))\n\u2200x (Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 (SubscribedTo(x, aMCAList) \u2228 SubscribedTo(x, hBO)))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 Prefer(x, tVSeries)) \u2192 (\u00acWatchIn(x, tV, cinema)))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 SubscribedTo(x, hBO)) \u2192 Prefer(x, tVSeries))\nCustomer(lily) \u2227 In(lily, jameSFamily \u2227 WatchIn(lily, tV, cinema)", "conclusion": "Lily does not go to cinemas every week.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acGoToEveryWeek(lily, cinema)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1193} +{"story_id": 422, "premises": "All customers in James' family who subscribe to AMC A-List are eligible to watch three movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome of the customers in James' family go to the cinema every week.\nCustomers in James' family subscribe to AMC A-List or HBO service. \nCustomers in James' family who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nAll customers in James' family who subscribe to HBO services prefer TV series to movies. \nLily is in James' family; she watches TV series in cinemas. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 SubscribedTo(x, aMCAList)) \u2192 EligibleForThreeFreeMoviesEveryWeekWithoutAdditionalFees(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 GoToEveryWeek(x, cinema) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Customer(y) \u2227 In(y, jameSFamily) \u2227 GoToEveryWeek(y, cinema))\n\u2200x (Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 (SubscribedTo(x, aMCAList) \u2228 SubscribedTo(x, hBO)))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 Prefer(x, tVSeries)) \u2192 (\u00acWatchIn(x, tV, cinema)))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 SubscribedTo(x, hBO)) \u2192 Prefer(x, tVSeries))\nCustomer(lily) \u2227 In(lily, jameSFamily \u2227 WatchIn(lily, tV, cinema)", "conclusion": "Lily goes to cinemas every week or watches 3 movies every week without any additional fees.", "conclusion-FOL": "GoToEveryWeek(lily, cinema) \u2228 EligibleForThreeFreeMoviesWithoutAdditionalFees(lily)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1194} +{"story_id": 422, "premises": "All customers in James' family who subscribe to AMC A-List are eligible to watch three movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome of the customers in James' family go to the cinema every week.\nCustomers in James' family subscribe to AMC A-List or HBO service. \nCustomers in James' family who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nAll customers in James' family who subscribe to HBO services prefer TV series to movies. \nLily is in James' family; she watches TV series in cinemas. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 SubscribedTo(x, aMCAList)) \u2192 EligibleForThreeFreeMoviesEveryWeekWithoutAdditionalFees(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 GoToEveryWeek(x, cinema) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Customer(y) \u2227 In(y, jameSFamily) \u2227 GoToEveryWeek(y, cinema))\n\u2200x (Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 (SubscribedTo(x, aMCAList) \u2228 SubscribedTo(x, hBO)))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 Prefer(x, tVSeries)) \u2192 (\u00acWatchIn(x, tV, cinema)))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 SubscribedTo(x, hBO)) \u2192 Prefer(x, tVSeries))\nCustomer(lily) \u2227 In(lily, jameSFamily \u2227 WatchIn(lily, tV, cinema)", "conclusion": "If Lily does not both go to cinemas every week and subscribe to HBO service, then Lily is either available to watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees or she prefers TV more.", "conclusion-FOL": "(GoToEveryWeek(lily, cinema) \u2227 SubscribedTo(lily, hBO)) \u2192 (EligibleForThreeFreeMoviesEveryWeek(lily) \u2295 Prefer(lily, tVSeries))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1195} +{"story_id": 422, "premises": "All customers in James' family who subscribe to AMC A-List are eligible to watch three movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome of the customers in James' family go to the cinema every week.\nCustomers in James' family subscribe to AMC A-List or HBO service. \nCustomers in James' family who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nAll customers in James' family who subscribe to HBO services prefer TV series to movies. \nLily is in James' family; she watches TV series in cinemas. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 SubscribedTo(x, aMCAList)) \u2192 EligibleForThreeFreeMoviesEveryWeekWithoutAdditionalFees(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 GoToEveryWeek(x, cinema) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Customer(y) \u2227 In(y, jameSFamily) \u2227 GoToEveryWeek(y, cinema))\n\u2200x (Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 (SubscribedTo(x, aMCAList) \u2228 SubscribedTo(x, hBO)))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 Prefer(x, tVSeries)) \u2192 (\u00acWatchIn(x, tV, cinema)))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 In(x, jameSFamily) \u2227 SubscribedTo(x, hBO)) \u2192 Prefer(x, tVSeries))\nCustomer(lily) \u2227 In(lily, jameSFamily \u2227 WatchIn(lily, tV, cinema)", "conclusion": "If Lily is available to watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees and she watches TV series in cinemas, then she goes to cinemas every week and prefers TV series more.", "conclusion-FOL": "(EligibleForThreeFreeMoviesEveryWeekWithoutAdditionalFees(lily) \u2227 WatchIn(lily, tV, cinema)) \u2192 (GoToEveryWeek(lily, cinema) \u2227 Prefer(lily, tVSeries))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1196} +{"story_id": 193, "premises": "A La Liga soccer team ranks higher than another La Liga soccer team if it receives more points.\nIf there are two La Liga soccer teams and neither has more points than the other, then the team which receives more points from the games between the two teams ranks higher.\nReal Madrid and Barcelona are both La Liga soccer teams.\nReal Madrid received more points than Barcelona.\nNeither Real Madrid nor Barcelona received more points from the games between them.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (LaLigaSoccerTeam(x) \u2227 LaLigaSoccerTeam(y) \u2227 MorePoints(x, y) \u2192 RankHigherThan(x, y))\n\u2200x \u2200y (LaLigaSoccerTeam(x) \u2227 LaLigaSoccerTeam(y) \u2227 \u00acMorePoints(x, y) \u2227 \u00acMorePoints(y, x) \u2227 MorePointsInGameBetween(x, y) \u2192 RankHigherThan(x, y))\nLaLigaSoccerTeam(realMadrid) \u2227 LaLigaSoccerTeam(barcelona)\nMorePoints(realMadrid, barcelona)\n\u00acMorePointsInGameBetween(realMadrid, barcelona) \u2227 \u00acMorePointsInGameBetween(barcelona, realMadrid)", "conclusion": "Real Madrid ranks higher than Barcelona.", "conclusion-FOL": "RankHigherThan(realMadrid, barcelona)", "label": "True", "example_id": 550} +{"story_id": 193, "premises": "A La Liga soccer team ranks higher than another La Liga soccer team if it receives more points.\nIf there are two La Liga soccer teams and neither has more points than the other, then the team which receives more points from the games between the two teams ranks higher.\nReal Madrid and Barcelona are both La Liga soccer teams.\nReal Madrid received more points than Barcelona.\nNeither Real Madrid nor Barcelona received more points from the games between them.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (LaLigaSoccerTeam(x) \u2227 LaLigaSoccerTeam(y) \u2227 MorePoints(x, y) \u2192 RankHigherThan(x, y))\n\u2200x \u2200y (LaLigaSoccerTeam(x) \u2227 LaLigaSoccerTeam(y) \u2227 \u00acMorePoints(x, y) \u2227 \u00acMorePoints(y, x) \u2227 MorePointsInGameBetween(x, y) \u2192 RankHigherThan(x, y))\nLaLigaSoccerTeam(realMadrid) \u2227 LaLigaSoccerTeam(barcelona)\nMorePoints(realMadrid, barcelona)\n\u00acMorePointsInGameBetween(realMadrid, barcelona) \u2227 \u00acMorePointsInGameBetween(barcelona, realMadrid)", "conclusion": "Barcelona ranks higher than Real Madrid.", "conclusion-FOL": "RankHigherThan(barcelona, realMadrid)", "label": "False", "example_id": 551} +{"story_id": 82, "premises": "Lawton Park is a neighborhood in Seattle. \nAll citizens of Lawton Park use the zip code 98199. \nTom is a citizen of Lawton Park.\nDaniel uses the zip code 98199. ", "premises-FOL": "NeighbourhoodIn(lawtonPark, seattle)\n\u2200x (Residentof(x, lawtonPark) \u2192 UseZipCode(x, num98199))\nResidentOf(tom, lawtonPark)\nUseZipCode(daniel, num98199)", "conclusion": "Tom uses the zip code 98199.", "conclusion-FOL": "UseZipCode(tom, num98199)", "label": "True", "example_id": 249} +{"story_id": 82, "premises": "Lawton Park is a neighborhood in Seattle. \nAll citizens of Lawton Park use the zip code 98199. \nTom is a citizen of Lawton Park.\nDaniel uses the zip code 98199. ", "premises-FOL": "NeighbourhoodIn(lawtonPark, seattle)\n\u2200x (Residentof(x, lawtonPark) \u2192 UseZipCode(x, num98199))\nResidentOf(tom, lawtonPark)\nUseZipCode(daniel, num98199)", "conclusion": "Tom doesn't use the zip code 98199.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acUseZipCode(tom, num98199)", "label": "False", "example_id": 250} +{"story_id": 82, "premises": "Lawton Park is a neighborhood in Seattle. \nAll citizens of Lawton Park use the zip code 98199. \nTom is a citizen of Lawton Park.\nDaniel uses the zip code 98199. ", "premises-FOL": "NeighbourhoodIn(lawtonPark, seattle)\n\u2200x (Residentof(x, lawtonPark) \u2192 UseZipCode(x, num98199))\nResidentOf(tom, lawtonPark)\nUseZipCode(daniel, num98199)", "conclusion": "Tom is a citizen of Washington.", "conclusion-FOL": "ResidentOf(tom, washington)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 251} +{"story_id": 82, "premises": "Lawton Park is a neighborhood in Seattle. \nAll citizens of Lawton Park use the zip code 98199. \nTom is a citizen of Lawton Park.\nDaniel uses the zip code 98199. ", "premises-FOL": "NeighbourhoodIn(lawtonPark, seattle)\n\u2200x (Residentof(x, lawtonPark) \u2192 UseZipCode(x, num98199))\nResidentOf(tom, lawtonPark)\nUseZipCode(daniel, num98199)", "conclusion": "Daniel is a citizen of Lawton Park.", "conclusion-FOL": "ResidentOf(daniel, lawtonPark)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 252} +{"story_id": 86, "premises": "If a legislator is found guilty of stealing government funds, they will be suspended from office.\nTiffany T. Alston was a legislator in Maryland's House of Delegates from 2011 to 2013.\nTiffany T. Alston was found guilty of stealing government funds in 2012.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Legislator(x) \u2227 StealsFunds(x)) \u2192 Suspended(x))\nLegislator(tiffanyTAlston)\nStealsFunds(tiffanyTAlston) \u2227 StealsFundsInYr(tiffanyTAlston, yr2012)", "conclusion": "Tiffany T. Alston was suspended from the Maryland House of Delegates.", "conclusion-FOL": "Suspended(tiffanyTAlston)", "label": "True", "example_id": 261} +{"story_id": 86, "premises": "If a legislator is found guilty of stealing government funds, they will be suspended from office.\nTiffany T. Alston was a legislator in Maryland's House of Delegates from 2011 to 2013.\nTiffany T. Alston was found guilty of stealing government funds in 2012.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Legislator(x) \u2227 StealsFunds(x)) \u2192 Suspended(x))\nLegislator(tiffanyTAlston)\nStealsFunds(tiffanyTAlston) \u2227 StealsFundsInYr(tiffanyTAlston, yr2012)", "conclusion": "Tiffany T. Alston was not suspended from the Maryland House of Delegates.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acSuspended(tiffanyTAlston)", "label": "False", "example_id": 262} +{"story_id": 86, "premises": "If a legislator is found guilty of stealing government funds, they will be suspended from office.\nTiffany T. Alston was a legislator in Maryland's House of Delegates from 2011 to 2013.\nTiffany T. Alston was found guilty of stealing government funds in 2012.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Legislator(x) \u2227 StealsFunds(x)) \u2192 Suspended(x))\nLegislator(tiffanyTAlston)\nStealsFunds(tiffanyTAlston) \u2227 StealsFundsInYr(tiffanyTAlston, yr2012)", "conclusion": "Tiffany T. Alston went to prison for stealing government funds.", "conclusion-FOL": "Prison(tiffanyTAlston)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 263} +{"story_id": 171, "premises": "Some fish stings people.\nStonefish is a fish.\nStonefish stings when stepped on. \nIf a stonefish stings someone and they are not treated, it can cause death to them.\nTo treat stonefish stings, apply heat to the affected area or use an antivenom.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Fish(x) \u2192 Sting(x,y))\nFish(stonefish)\n\u2200x (SteppedOnBy(stonefish, x) \u2192 Sting(stonefish, x))\n\u2200x (Sting(stonefish, x) \u2227 \u00acTreated(x) \u2192 CauseDeathTo(stonefish, x))\n\u2200x (Sting(stonefish, x) \u2227 (ApplyHeatTo(x) \u2228 UseAntivenomOn(x)) \u2192 Treated(x))", "conclusion": "If a stonefish stings you and you don\u2019t use an antivenom, it can cause death to you.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Sting(stonefish, x) \u2227 \u00acUseAntivenomOn(x) \u2192 CauseDeathTo(stonefish, x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 491} +{"story_id": 171, "premises": "Some fish stings people.\nStonefish is a fish.\nStonefish stings when stepped on. \nIf a stonefish stings someone and they are not treated, it can cause death to them.\nTo treat stonefish stings, apply heat to the affected area or use an antivenom.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Fish(x) \u2192 Sting(x,y))\nFish(stonefish)\n\u2200x (SteppedOnBy(stonefish, x) \u2192 Sting(stonefish, x))\n\u2200x (Sting(stonefish, x) \u2227 \u00acTreated(x) \u2192 CauseDeathTo(stonefish, x))\n\u2200x (Sting(stonefish, x) \u2227 (ApplyHeatTo(x) \u2228 UseAntivenomOn(x)) \u2192 Treated(x))", "conclusion": "Stings of some fish can cause death if not treated.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Fish(x) \u2227 Sting(x, y) \u2227 \u00acTreated(y) \u2192 CauseDeathTo(x, y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 492} +{"story_id": 171, "premises": "Some fish stings people.\nStonefish is a fish.\nStonefish stings when stepped on. \nIf a stonefish stings someone and they are not treated, it can cause death to them.\nTo treat stonefish stings, apply heat to the affected area or use an antivenom.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Fish(x) \u2192 Sting(x,y))\nFish(stonefish)\n\u2200x (SteppedOnBy(stonefish, x) \u2192 Sting(stonefish, x))\n\u2200x (Sting(stonefish, x) \u2227 \u00acTreated(x) \u2192 CauseDeathTo(stonefish, x))\n\u2200x (Sting(stonefish, x) \u2227 (ApplyHeatTo(x) \u2228 UseAntivenomOn(x)) \u2192 Treated(x))", "conclusion": "If you step on a stonefish and apply heat to the affected area, it can cause death to you.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (SteppedOnBy(stonefish, x) \u2227 ApplyHeatTo(x) \u2192 CauseDeathTo(stonefish, x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 493} +{"story_id": 417, "premises": "Some monitors made by LG have a type-c port.\nMonitors that have a type-c port were not made before 2010.\nAll monitors in the library are made before 2010. \nThe L-2021 monitor is either used in the library or has a type-c port.\nThe L-2021 monitor is either both produced before 2010 and made by LG, or neither is true.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Monitor(x) \u2227 ProducedBy(x, lG) \u2227 Have(x, typeCPort) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Monitor(y) \u2227 ProducedBy(y, lG) \u2227 Have(y, typeCPort))\n\u2200x (Have(x, typeCPort) \u2192 \u00acProducedBefore(x, yr2010))\n\u2200x ((Monitor(x) \u2227 In(x, library)) \u2192 ProducedBefore(x, yr2010))\nMonitor(l-2021) \u2227 (In(l-2021, library) \u2295 Have(l-2021, typeCPort))\n\u00ac(ProducedBefore(l-2021, yr2010) \u2295 ProducedBy(l-2021, lG))", "conclusion": "The monitor L-2021 is in the library.", "conclusion-FOL": "In(l-2021, library)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1173} +{"story_id": 417, "premises": "Some monitors made by LG have a type-c port.\nMonitors that have a type-c port were not made before 2010.\nAll monitors in the library are made before 2010. \nThe L-2021 monitor is either used in the library or has a type-c port.\nThe L-2021 monitor is either both produced before 2010 and made by LG, or neither is true.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Monitor(x) \u2227 ProducedBy(x, lG) \u2227 Have(x, typeCPort) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Monitor(y) \u2227 ProducedBy(y, lG) \u2227 Have(y, typeCPort))\n\u2200x (Have(x, typeCPort) \u2192 \u00acProducedBefore(x, yr2010))\n\u2200x ((Monitor(x) \u2227 In(x, library)) \u2192 ProducedBefore(x, yr2010))\nMonitor(l-2021) \u2227 (In(l-2021, library) \u2295 Have(l-2021, typeCPort))\n\u00ac(ProducedBefore(l-2021, yr2010) \u2295 ProducedBy(l-2021, lG))", "conclusion": "The monitor L-2021 is either in the library or produced by LG.", "conclusion-FOL": "In(l-2021, library) \u2295 ProducedBy(l-2021, lG)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1174} +{"story_id": 417, "premises": "Some monitors made by LG have a type-c port.\nMonitors that have a type-c port were not made before 2010.\nAll monitors in the library are made before 2010. \nThe L-2021 monitor is either used in the library or has a type-c port.\nThe L-2021 monitor is either both produced before 2010 and made by LG, or neither is true.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Monitor(x) \u2227 ProducedBy(x, lG) \u2227 Have(x, typeCPort) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Monitor(y) \u2227 ProducedBy(y, lG) \u2227 Have(y, typeCPort))\n\u2200x (Have(x, typeCPort) \u2192 \u00acProducedBefore(x, yr2010))\n\u2200x ((Monitor(x) \u2227 In(x, library)) \u2192 ProducedBefore(x, yr2010))\nMonitor(l-2021) \u2227 (In(l-2021, library) \u2295 Have(l-2021, typeCPort))\n\u00ac(ProducedBefore(l-2021, yr2010) \u2295 ProducedBy(l-2021, lG))", "conclusion": "The L-2021 monitor either has a type-c port or is produced by LG.", "conclusion-FOL": "Have(l-2021, typeCPort) \u2295 ProducedBy(l-2021, lG)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1175} +{"story_id": 417, "premises": "Some monitors made by LG have a type-c port.\nMonitors that have a type-c port were not made before 2010.\nAll monitors in the library are made before 2010. \nThe L-2021 monitor is either used in the library or has a type-c port.\nThe L-2021 monitor is either both produced before 2010 and made by LG, or neither is true.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Monitor(x) \u2227 ProducedBy(x, lG) \u2227 Have(x, typeCPort) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Monitor(y) \u2227 ProducedBy(y, lG) \u2227 Have(y, typeCPort))\n\u2200x (Have(x, typeCPort) \u2192 \u00acProducedBefore(x, yr2010))\n\u2200x ((Monitor(x) \u2227 In(x, library)) \u2192 ProducedBefore(x, yr2010))\nMonitor(l-2021) \u2227 (In(l-2021, library) \u2295 Have(l-2021, typeCPort))\n\u00ac(ProducedBefore(l-2021, yr2010) \u2295 ProducedBy(l-2021, lG))", "conclusion": "If the L-2021 monitor is either in the library and produced by LG, or neither in the library nor produced by LG, then L-2021 neither has a type-c port nor is produced by LG.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(In(l-2021, library) \u2295 ProducedBy(l-2021, lG)) \u2192 (\u00acHave(x, typeCPort) \u2227 \u00acProducedBy(x, lG))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1176} +{"story_id": 417, "premises": "Some monitors made by LG have a type-c port.\nMonitors that have a type-c port were not made before 2010.\nAll monitors in the library are made before 2010. \nThe L-2021 monitor is either used in the library or has a type-c port.\nThe L-2021 monitor is either both produced before 2010 and made by LG, or neither is true.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Monitor(x) \u2227 ProducedBy(x, lG) \u2227 Have(x, typeCPort) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Monitor(y) \u2227 ProducedBy(y, lG) \u2227 Have(y, typeCPort))\n\u2200x (Have(x, typeCPort) \u2192 \u00acProducedBefore(x, yr2010))\n\u2200x ((Monitor(x) \u2227 In(x, library)) \u2192 ProducedBefore(x, yr2010))\nMonitor(l-2021) \u2227 (In(l-2021, library) \u2295 Have(l-2021, typeCPort))\n\u00ac(ProducedBefore(l-2021, yr2010) \u2295 ProducedBy(l-2021, lG))", "conclusion": "If the monitor L-2021 is either produced by LG and produced before 2010 or neither produced by LG nor produced before 2010, then L-2021 is either in the library or produced by LG.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(ProducedBefore(l-2021, year2010) \u2295 ProducedBy(l-2021, lG)) \u2192 (In(l-2021, library) \u2295 ProducedBy(l-2021, lG))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1177} +{"story_id": 377, "premises": "Everything is either outside the solar system or in the solar system. \nNothing outside the solar system has the Sun as its star.\nEverything in the solar system is gravitationally bound by the Sun.\nNo planets gravitationally bound by the Sun are rogue planets. \nAll orphan planets are rogue planets.\nIf PSO J318.5\u221222 is not both a rogue planet and a planet gravitationally bound by the Sun, then it is a rogue planet.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Outside(x, solarSystem) \u2295 In(x, solarSystem))\n\u2200x (Outside(x, solarSystem) \u2192 \u00acSunAs(x, star))\n\u2200x (In(x, solarSystem) \u2192 BoundBy(x, sun, gravitationally))\n\u2200x (Planet(x) \u2227 BoundBy(x, sun, gravitationally) \u2192 \u00ac(Planet(x) \u2227 Rogue(x)))\n\u2200x (Planet(x) \u2227 Orphan(x) \u2192 Planet(x) \u2227 Rogue(x))\n\u00ac(Planet(pSOJ318.5-22) \u2227 Rogue(pSOJ318.5-22) \u2227 BoundBy(pSOJ318.5-22, sun, gravitationally)) \u2192 (Planet(pSOJ318.5-22) \u2227 Rogue(pSOJ318.5-22))", "conclusion": "PSO J318.5\u221222 is an orphan planet.", "conclusion-FOL": "Planet(pSOJ318.5-22) \u2227 Orphan(pSOJ318.5-22)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1005} +{"story_id": 377, "premises": "Everything is either outside the solar system or in the solar system. \nNothing outside the solar system has the Sun as its star.\nEverything in the solar system is gravitationally bound by the Sun.\nNo planets gravitationally bound by the Sun are rogue planets. \nAll orphan planets are rogue planets.\nIf PSO J318.5\u221222 is not both a rogue planet and a planet gravitationally bound by the Sun, then it is a rogue planet.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Outside(x, solarSystem) \u2295 In(x, solarSystem))\n\u2200x (Outside(x, solarSystem) \u2192 \u00acSunAs(x, star))\n\u2200x (In(x, solarSystem) \u2192 BoundBy(x, sun, gravitationally))\n\u2200x (Planet(x) \u2227 BoundBy(x, sun, gravitationally) \u2192 \u00ac(Planet(x) \u2227 Rogue(x)))\n\u2200x (Planet(x) \u2227 Orphan(x) \u2192 Planet(x) \u2227 Rogue(x))\n\u00ac(Planet(pSOJ318.5-22) \u2227 Rogue(pSOJ318.5-22) \u2227 BoundBy(pSOJ318.5-22, sun, gravitationally)) \u2192 (Planet(pSOJ318.5-22) \u2227 Rogue(pSOJ318.5-22))", "conclusion": "PSO J318.5\u221222 is an orphan planet or it does not have the Sun as its star, or both.", "conclusion-FOL": "(Planet(pSOJ318.5-22) \u2227 Orphan(pSOJ318.5-22)) \u2228 \u00acSunAs(pSOJ318.5-22, star)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1006} +{"story_id": 377, "premises": "Everything is either outside the solar system or in the solar system. \nNothing outside the solar system has the Sun as its star.\nEverything in the solar system is gravitationally bound by the Sun.\nNo planets gravitationally bound by the Sun are rogue planets. \nAll orphan planets are rogue planets.\nIf PSO J318.5\u221222 is not both a rogue planet and a planet gravitationally bound by the Sun, then it is a rogue planet.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Outside(x, solarSystem) \u2295 In(x, solarSystem))\n\u2200x (Outside(x, solarSystem) \u2192 \u00acSunAs(x, star))\n\u2200x (In(x, solarSystem) \u2192 BoundBy(x, sun, gravitationally))\n\u2200x (Planet(x) \u2227 BoundBy(x, sun, gravitationally) \u2192 \u00ac(Planet(x) \u2227 Rogue(x)))\n\u2200x (Planet(x) \u2227 Orphan(x) \u2192 Planet(x) \u2227 Rogue(x))\n\u00ac(Planet(pSOJ318.5-22) \u2227 Rogue(pSOJ318.5-22) \u2227 BoundBy(pSOJ318.5-22, sun, gravitationally)) \u2192 (Planet(pSOJ318.5-22) \u2227 Rogue(pSOJ318.5-22))", "conclusion": "If PSO J318.5\u221222 is an orphan planet or it does not have the Sun as the star, or both, then PSO J318.5\u221222 neither is an orphan planet nor does it have the Sun as the star.", "conclusion-FOL": "(Planet(pSOJ318.5-22) \u2227 Orphan(pSOJ318.5-22)) \u2228 \u00acSunAs(pSOJ318.5-22, star) \u2192 (\u00ac(Planet(pSOJ318.5-22) \u2227 Orphan(pSOJ318.5-22)) \u2227 \u00acSunAs(pSOJ318.5-22, star))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1007} +{"story_id": 180, "premises": "Sam is doing a project.\nA project is written either in C++ or Python.\nIf Sam does a project written in Python, he will not use a Mac.\nSam is using a Mac.\nIf Sam uses a Mac, he will play a song.\nIf a song is not titled \"Perfect,\" Sam will never play it.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Project(x) \u2227 Do(sam, x))\n\u2200x (Project(x) \u2192 (WrittenIn(x, cplusplus) \u2295 WrittenIn(x, python)))\n\u2200x (Project(x) \u2227 WrittenIn(x, python) \u2227 Do(sam, x) \u2192 \u00acUse(sam, mac))\nUse(sam, mac)\n\u2203x (Use(sam, mac) \u2227 Song(x) \u2192 Play(sam, x))\n\u2200x (Song(x) \u2227 Play(sam, x) \u2192 Titled(x, perfect))", "conclusion": "The project Sam is doing is written in C++.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Project(x) \u2227 Do(sam, x) \u2227 WrittenIn(x, cplusplus))", "label": "True", "example_id": 518} +{"story_id": 180, "premises": "Sam is doing a project.\nA project is written either in C++ or Python.\nIf Sam does a project written in Python, he will not use a Mac.\nSam is using a Mac.\nIf Sam uses a Mac, he will play a song.\nIf a song is not titled \"Perfect,\" Sam will never play it.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Project(x) \u2227 Do(sam, x))\n\u2200x (Project(x) \u2192 (WrittenIn(x, cplusplus) \u2295 WrittenIn(x, python)))\n\u2200x (Project(x) \u2227 WrittenIn(x, python) \u2227 Do(sam, x) \u2192 \u00acUse(sam, mac))\nUse(sam, mac)\n\u2203x (Use(sam, mac) \u2227 Song(x) \u2192 Play(sam, x))\n\u2200x (Song(x) \u2227 Play(sam, x) \u2192 Titled(x, perfect))", "conclusion": "The song Sam is playing is titled \"Perfect\".", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Song(x) \u2227 Play(sam, x) \u2227 Titled(x, perfect))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 519} +{"story_id": 180, "premises": "Sam is doing a project.\nA project is written either in C++ or Python.\nIf Sam does a project written in Python, he will not use a Mac.\nSam is using a Mac.\nIf Sam uses a Mac, he will play a song.\nIf a song is not titled \"Perfect,\" Sam will never play it.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Project(x) \u2227 Do(sam, x))\n\u2200x (Project(x) \u2192 (WrittenIn(x, cplusplus) \u2295 WrittenIn(x, python)))\n\u2200x (Project(x) \u2227 WrittenIn(x, python) \u2227 Do(sam, x) \u2192 \u00acUse(sam, mac))\nUse(sam, mac)\n\u2203x (Use(sam, mac) \u2227 Song(x) \u2192 Play(sam, x))\n\u2200x (Song(x) \u2227 Play(sam, x) \u2192 Titled(x, perfect))", "conclusion": "If a song is titled \"Perfect\", Sam will play it.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Titled(x, perfect) \u2192 Play(sam, x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 520} +{"story_id": 254, "premises": "All rabbits have fur\nSome pets are rabbits.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Rabbit(x) \u2192 Have(x, fur))\n\u2203x (Pet(x) \u2227 Rabbit(x))", "conclusion": "Some pets do not have fur.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Pet(x) \u2227 Pet(y) \u2227 \u00acHave(x, fur) \u2227 \u00acHave(y, fur))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 698} +{"story_id": 477, "premises": "All social media applications containing chat features are software. \nAll social media applications that allow users to send messages to each other have chat features. \nAll social media applications have chat features or video features. \nAll social media applications that have video features allow users to upload videos. \nAll software that is social media applications are computer programs. \nAll social media applications that have high engagement metrics are addictive. \nIf a social media application is addictive, then it is not ideal for preteens. \nTikTok is a social media application, and it is not ideal for preteens. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Contain(x, chatFeature) \u2192 Software(x))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 AllowToSendTo(x, user, message) \u2192 Contain(x, chatFeature))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2192 Contain(x, chatFeature) \u2228 Contain(x, videoFeature))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Contain(x, videoFeature) \u2192 Allow(x, user, uploadVideo))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Software(x) \u2192 ComputerProgram(x))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227Have(x, highEngagementMetric) \u2192 Addictive(x))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Addictive(x) \u2192 \u00acIdealFor(x, preteen))\nSocialMedia(tikTok) \u2227 Application(tikTok) \u2227 \u00acIdealFor(tikTok, preteen)", "conclusion": "TikTok is a computer program.", "conclusion-FOL": "ComputerProgram(tikTok)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1385} +{"story_id": 477, "premises": "All social media applications containing chat features are software. \nAll social media applications that allow users to send messages to each other have chat features. \nAll social media applications have chat features or video features. \nAll social media applications that have video features allow users to upload videos. \nAll software that is social media applications are computer programs. \nAll social media applications that have high engagement metrics are addictive. \nIf a social media application is addictive, then it is not ideal for preteens. \nTikTok is a social media application, and it is not ideal for preteens. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Contain(x, chatFeature) \u2192 Software(x))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 AllowToSendTo(x, user, message) \u2192 Contain(x, chatFeature))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2192 Contain(x, chatFeature) \u2228 Contain(x, videoFeature))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Contain(x, videoFeature) \u2192 Allow(x, user, uploadVideo))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Software(x) \u2192 ComputerProgram(x))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227Have(x, highEngagementMetric) \u2192 Addictive(x))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Addictive(x) \u2192 \u00acIdealFor(x, preteen))\nSocialMedia(tikTok) \u2227 Application(tikTok) \u2227 \u00acIdealFor(tikTok, preteen)", "conclusion": "TikTok is either ideal for preteens or a computer program.", "conclusion-FOL": "IdealFor(tikTok, preteen) \u2295 ComputerProgram(tikTok)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1386} +{"story_id": 477, "premises": "All social media applications containing chat features are software. \nAll social media applications that allow users to send messages to each other have chat features. \nAll social media applications have chat features or video features. \nAll social media applications that have video features allow users to upload videos. \nAll software that is social media applications are computer programs. \nAll social media applications that have high engagement metrics are addictive. \nIf a social media application is addictive, then it is not ideal for preteens. \nTikTok is a social media application, and it is not ideal for preteens. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Contain(x, chatFeature) \u2192 Software(x))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 AllowToSendTo(x, user, message) \u2192 Contain(x, chatFeature))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2192 Contain(x, chatFeature) \u2228 Contain(x, videoFeature))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Contain(x, videoFeature) \u2192 Allow(x, user, uploadVideo))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Software(x) \u2192 ComputerProgram(x))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227Have(x, highEngagementMetric) \u2192 Addictive(x))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Addictive(x) \u2192 \u00acIdealFor(x, preteen))\nSocialMedia(tikTok) \u2227 Application(tikTok) \u2227 \u00acIdealFor(tikTok, preteen)", "conclusion": "TikTok is does not have chat features or it is not a computer program.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acContain(tikTok, chatFeature) \u2228 \u00acComputerProgram(tikTok))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1387} +{"story_id": 477, "premises": "All social media applications containing chat features are software. \nAll social media applications that allow users to send messages to each other have chat features. \nAll social media applications have chat features or video features. \nAll social media applications that have video features allow users to upload videos. \nAll software that is social media applications are computer programs. \nAll social media applications that have high engagement metrics are addictive. \nIf a social media application is addictive, then it is not ideal for preteens. \nTikTok is a social media application, and it is not ideal for preteens. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Contain(x, chatFeature) \u2192 Software(x))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 AllowToSendTo(x, user, message) \u2192 Contain(x, chatFeature))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2192 Contain(x, chatFeature) \u2228 Contain(x, videoFeature))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Contain(x, videoFeature) \u2192 Allow(x, user, uploadVideo))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Software(x) \u2192 ComputerProgram(x))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227Have(x, highEngagementMetric) \u2192 Addictive(x))\n\u2200x (SocialMedia(x) \u2227 Application(x) \u2227 Addictive(x) \u2192 \u00acIdealFor(x, preteen))\nSocialMedia(tikTok) \u2227 Application(tikTok) \u2227 \u00acIdealFor(tikTok, preteen)", "conclusion": "TikTok either has chat features or is a computer program.", "conclusion-FOL": "Contain(tikTok, chatFeature) \u2295 ComputerProgram(tikTok))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1388} +{"story_id": 104, "premises": "Ordinary is an unincorporated community.\nLocated within Elliot County, Ordinary is on Kentucky Route 32.\nOrdinary is located northwest of Sandy Hook.", "premises-FOL": "UnincorporatedCommunity(ordinary)\nLocatedIn(ordinary, elliotCounty) \u2227 On(ordinary, kentuckyRoute32)\nLocatedNorthwestOf(ordinary, sandyHook)", "conclusion": "There are no unincorporated communities along Kentucky Route 32.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (On(x, kentuckyRoute32) \u2192 \u00acUnincorporatedCommunity(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 316} +{"story_id": 104, "premises": "Ordinary is an unincorporated community.\nLocated within Elliot County, Ordinary is on Kentucky Route 32.\nOrdinary is located northwest of Sandy Hook.", "premises-FOL": "UnincorporatedCommunity(ordinary)\nLocatedIn(ordinary, elliotCounty) \u2227 On(ordinary, kentuckyRoute32)\nLocatedNorthwestOf(ordinary, sandyHook)", "conclusion": "There is an unincorporated community located in Elliot County.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (UnincorporatedCommunity(x) \u2227 LocatedIn(x, elliotCounty))", "label": "True", "example_id": 317} +{"story_id": 348, "premises": "All young adults at the event like independence.\nAll college students at the event are young adults.\nAll Yale students at the event are college students.\nEveryone at the event is a Yale student or a Harvard student.\nAll Harvard students at the event are diligent.\nSusan is at the event, and if Susan is a Harvard student, then she is a young adult.\nIf Susan is a Yale student, then she does not like independence.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2227 YoungAdult(x) \u2192 Like(x, independence))\n\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2227 CollegeStudent(x) \u2192 YoungAdult(x))\n\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2227 YaleStudent(x) \u2192 CollegeStudent(x))\n\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2192 (YaleStudent(x) \u2295 HarvardStudent(x)))\n\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2227 HarvardStudent(x) \u2192 Diligent(x))\nAt(susan, event) \u2227 (HarvardStudent(susan) \u2192 YoungAdult(susan))\nYaleStudent(susan) \u2192 \u00acLike(susan, independence)", "conclusion": "Susan is a college student.", "conclusion-FOL": "CollegeStudent(susan)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 921} +{"story_id": 348, "premises": "All young adults at the event like independence.\nAll college students at the event are young adults.\nAll Yale students at the event are college students.\nEveryone at the event is a Yale student or a Harvard student.\nAll Harvard students at the event are diligent.\nSusan is at the event, and if Susan is a Harvard student, then she is a young adult.\nIf Susan is a Yale student, then she does not like independence.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2227 YoungAdult(x) \u2192 Like(x, independence))\n\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2227 CollegeStudent(x) \u2192 YoungAdult(x))\n\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2227 YaleStudent(x) \u2192 CollegeStudent(x))\n\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2192 (YaleStudent(x) \u2295 HarvardStudent(x)))\n\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2227 HarvardStudent(x) \u2192 Diligent(x))\nAt(susan, event) \u2227 (HarvardStudent(susan) \u2192 YoungAdult(susan))\nYaleStudent(susan) \u2192 \u00acLike(susan, independence)", "conclusion": "Susan likes independence and is diligent.", "conclusion-FOL": "Like(susan, independence) \u2227 Diligent(susan)", "label": "True", "example_id": 922} +{"story_id": 348, "premises": "All young adults at the event like independence.\nAll college students at the event are young adults.\nAll Yale students at the event are college students.\nEveryone at the event is a Yale student or a Harvard student.\nAll Harvard students at the event are diligent.\nSusan is at the event, and if Susan is a Harvard student, then she is a young adult.\nIf Susan is a Yale student, then she does not like independence.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2227 YoungAdult(x) \u2192 Like(x, independence))\n\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2227 CollegeStudent(x) \u2192 YoungAdult(x))\n\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2227 YaleStudent(x) \u2192 CollegeStudent(x))\n\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2192 (YaleStudent(x) \u2295 HarvardStudent(x)))\n\u2200x (At(x, event) \u2227 HarvardStudent(x) \u2192 Diligent(x))\nAt(susan, event) \u2227 (HarvardStudent(susan) \u2192 YoungAdult(susan))\nYaleStudent(susan) \u2192 \u00acLike(susan, independence)", "conclusion": "Susan is not both diligent and likes independence.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Like(susan, independence) \u2227 Diligent(susan))", "label": "False", "example_id": 923} +{"story_id": 147, "premises": "Vic DiCara plays guitar and bass.\nThe only style of music Vic DiCara plays is punk music.\nVic DiCara played in the band Inside Out.", "premises-FOL": "Play(vicDicara, guitar) \u2227 Play(vicDicara, bass)\n\u2200x (Music(vicDicara, x) \u2192 \u00ac(x=punk)))\nBand(vicDicara, insideOut)", "conclusion": "Inside Out was a punk band.", "conclusion-FOL": "Music(insideOut, punk)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 430} +{"story_id": 147, "premises": "Vic DiCara plays guitar and bass.\nThe only style of music Vic DiCara plays is punk music.\nVic DiCara played in the band Inside Out.", "premises-FOL": "Play(vicDicara, guitar) \u2227 Play(vicDicara, bass)\n\u2200x (Music(vicDicara, x) \u2192 \u00ac(x=punk)))\nBand(vicDicara, insideOut)", "conclusion": "A musician from Inside Out plays bass.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Band(x, insideOut) \u2227 Play(x, bass))", "label": "True", "example_id": 431} +{"story_id": 346, "premises": "All professional athletes spend most of their time on sports.\nAll Olympic gold medal winners are professional athletes.\nNo full-time scientists spend the majority of their time on sports.\nAll Nobel physics laureates are full-time scientists.\nAmy spends the most time on sports, or Amy is an Olympic gold medal winner.\nIf Amy is not a Nobel physics laureate, then Amy is not an Olympic gold medal winner.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalAthlete(x) \u2192 SpendOn(x, mostOfTheirTime, sports))\n\u2200x (OlympicGoldMedalWinner(x) \u2192 ProfessionalAthlete(x))\n\u2200x (FullTimeScientist(x) \u2192 \u00acSpendOn(x, mostOfTheirTime, sports))\n\u2200x (NobelPhysicsLaureate(x) \u2192 FullTimeScientist(x))\nSpendOn(amy, mostOfTheirTime, sports) \u2228 OlympicGoldMedalWinner(amy)\n\u00acNobelPhysicsLaureate(amy) \u2192 \u00acOlympicGoldMedalWinner(amy)", "conclusion": "Amy is a professional athlete.", "conclusion-FOL": "ProfessionalAthlete(amy)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 913} +{"story_id": 346, "premises": "All professional athletes spend most of their time on sports.\nAll Olympic gold medal winners are professional athletes.\nNo full-time scientists spend the majority of their time on sports.\nAll Nobel physics laureates are full-time scientists.\nAmy spends the most time on sports, or Amy is an Olympic gold medal winner.\nIf Amy is not a Nobel physics laureate, then Amy is not an Olympic gold medal winner.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalAthlete(x) \u2192 SpendOn(x, mostOfTheirTime, sports))\n\u2200x (OlympicGoldMedalWinner(x) \u2192 ProfessionalAthlete(x))\n\u2200x (FullTimeScientist(x) \u2192 \u00acSpendOn(x, mostOfTheirTime, sports))\n\u2200x (NobelPhysicsLaureate(x) \u2192 FullTimeScientist(x))\nSpendOn(amy, mostOfTheirTime, sports) \u2228 OlympicGoldMedalWinner(amy)\n\u00acNobelPhysicsLaureate(amy) \u2192 \u00acOlympicGoldMedalWinner(amy)", "conclusion": "Amy is neither a full-time scientist nor an Olympic gold medal winner.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(FullTimeScientist(amy) \u2228 OlympicGoldMedalWinner(amy))", "label": "True", "example_id": 914} +{"story_id": 346, "premises": "All professional athletes spend most of their time on sports.\nAll Olympic gold medal winners are professional athletes.\nNo full-time scientists spend the majority of their time on sports.\nAll Nobel physics laureates are full-time scientists.\nAmy spends the most time on sports, or Amy is an Olympic gold medal winner.\nIf Amy is not a Nobel physics laureate, then Amy is not an Olympic gold medal winner.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalAthlete(x) \u2192 SpendOn(x, mostOfTheirTime, sports))\n\u2200x (OlympicGoldMedalWinner(x) \u2192 ProfessionalAthlete(x))\n\u2200x (FullTimeScientist(x) \u2192 \u00acSpendOn(x, mostOfTheirTime, sports))\n\u2200x (NobelPhysicsLaureate(x) \u2192 FullTimeScientist(x))\nSpendOn(amy, mostOfTheirTime, sports) \u2228 OlympicGoldMedalWinner(amy)\n\u00acNobelPhysicsLaureate(amy) \u2192 \u00acOlympicGoldMedalWinner(amy)", "conclusion": "If Amy is not an Olympic gold medal winner, then Amy is a Nobel physics laureate.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acOlympicGoldMedalWinner(amy) \u2192 NobelPhysicsLaureate(amy)", "label": "False", "example_id": 915} +{"story_id": 409, "premises": "All red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 RedFruit(x)) \u2192 Contain(x, vitaminC))\n\u2200x (GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Is(x, apple) \u2192 RedFruit(x))\n\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Contain(x, vitaminC)) \u2192 healthy(x))\n\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Healthy(x)) \u2192 \u00acOn(x, warningList))\nGrownIn(cherry, benSYard)\n\u00ac(Healthy(cherry) \u2227 Is(cherry, apple)) \u2192 RedFruit(cherry)\n", "conclusion": "The cherries are apples.", "conclusion-FOL": "Is(cherry, apple)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1142} +{"story_id": 409, "premises": "All red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 RedFruit(x)) \u2192 Contain(x, vitaminC))\n\u2200x (GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Is(x, apple) \u2192 RedFruit(x))\n\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Contain(x, vitaminC)) \u2192 healthy(x))\n\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Healthy(x)) \u2192 \u00acOn(x, warningList))\nGrownIn(cherry, benSYard)\n\u00ac(Healthy(cherry) \u2227 Is(cherry, apple)) \u2192 RedFruit(cherry)\n", "conclusion": "The cherries either contain some amount of vitamin C or are on a warning list.", "conclusion-FOL": "Contain(cherry, vitaminC) \u2295 On(cherry, warningList)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1143} +{"story_id": 409, "premises": "All red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 RedFruit(x)) \u2192 Contain(x, vitaminC))\n\u2200x (GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Is(x, apple) \u2192 RedFruit(x))\n\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Contain(x, vitaminC)) \u2192 healthy(x))\n\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Healthy(x)) \u2192 \u00acOn(x, warningList))\nGrownIn(cherry, benSYard)\n\u00ac(Healthy(cherry) \u2227 Is(cherry, apple)) \u2192 RedFruit(cherry)\n", "conclusion": "The cherries are either on a warning list or are red.", "conclusion-FOL": "On(cherry, warningList) \u2295 RedFruit(cherry)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1144} +{"story_id": 409, "premises": "All red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 RedFruit(x)) \u2192 Contain(x, vitaminC))\n\u2200x (GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Is(x, apple) \u2192 RedFruit(x))\n\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Contain(x, vitaminC)) \u2192 healthy(x))\n\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Healthy(x)) \u2192 \u00acOn(x, warningList))\nGrownIn(cherry, benSYard)\n\u00ac(Healthy(cherry) \u2227 Is(cherry, apple)) \u2192 RedFruit(cherry)\n", "conclusion": "If the cherries are either healthy or are on a warning list, then they are not red.", "conclusion-FOL": "BeneficialTo(cherry, people) \u2295 On(cherry, warningList))) \u2192 \u00acRedFruit(cherry)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1145} +{"story_id": 409, "premises": "All red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 RedFruit(x)) \u2192 Contain(x, vitaminC))\n\u2200x (GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Is(x, apple) \u2192 RedFruit(x))\n\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Contain(x, vitaminC)) \u2192 healthy(x))\n\u2200x ((GrownIn(x, benSYard) \u2227 Healthy(x)) \u2192 \u00acOn(x, warningList))\nGrownIn(cherry, benSYard)\n\u00ac(Healthy(cherry) \u2227 Is(cherry, apple)) \u2192 RedFruit(cherry)\n", "conclusion": "If the cherries are either on a warning list or are red, then they are not healthy and do not contain any amount of vitamin C.", "conclusion-FOL": "On(cherry, warningList) \u2295 RedFruit(cherry)) \u2192 \u00ac(BeneficialTo(cherry, people) \u2227 Contain(cherry, vitaminC)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1146} +{"story_id": 425, "premises": "Everyone working at Meta has a high income. \nA person with a high income will not take a bus to their destination.\nPeople will either take a bus or drive to their destination. \nEveryone who has a car will choose to drive to their destination. \nNo students drive to their destination. \nJames has a car or works at Meta.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkAt(x, meta) \u2192 HighIncome(x))\n\u2200x (HighIncome(x) \u2192 \u00acMeansToDestination(x, bus))\n\u2200x (MeansToDestination(x, bus) \u2295 MeansToDestination(x, drive))\n\u2200x (HaveCar(x) \u2192 MeansToDestination(x, drive))\n\u2200x (Student(x) \u2192 \u00ac MeansToDestination(x, drive))\nHaveCar(james) \u2228 WorkAt(james, meta)", "conclusion": "James has a high income.", "conclusion-FOL": "HighIncome(james)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1202} +{"story_id": 425, "premises": "Everyone working at Meta has a high income. \nA person with a high income will not take a bus to their destination.\nPeople will either take a bus or drive to their destination. \nEveryone who has a car will choose to drive to their destination. \nNo students drive to their destination. \nJames has a car or works at Meta.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkAt(x, meta) \u2192 HighIncome(x))\n\u2200x (HighIncome(x) \u2192 \u00acMeansToDestination(x, bus))\n\u2200x (MeansToDestination(x, bus) \u2295 MeansToDestination(x, drive))\n\u2200x (HaveCar(x) \u2192 MeansToDestination(x, drive))\n\u2200x (Student(x) \u2192 \u00ac MeansToDestination(x, drive))\nHaveCar(james) \u2228 WorkAt(james, meta)", "conclusion": "James does not have a high income.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acHighIncome(james)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1203} +{"story_id": 425, "premises": "Everyone working at Meta has a high income. \nA person with a high income will not take a bus to their destination.\nPeople will either take a bus or drive to their destination. \nEveryone who has a car will choose to drive to their destination. \nNo students drive to their destination. \nJames has a car or works at Meta.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkAt(x, meta) \u2192 HighIncome(x))\n\u2200x (HighIncome(x) \u2192 \u00acMeansToDestination(x, bus))\n\u2200x (MeansToDestination(x, bus) \u2295 MeansToDestination(x, drive))\n\u2200x (HaveCar(x) \u2192 MeansToDestination(x, drive))\n\u2200x (Student(x) \u2192 \u00ac MeansToDestination(x, drive))\nHaveCar(james) \u2228 WorkAt(james, meta)", "conclusion": "James is a student.", "conclusion-FOL": "Student(james)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1204} +{"story_id": 425, "premises": "Everyone working at Meta has a high income. \nA person with a high income will not take a bus to their destination.\nPeople will either take a bus or drive to their destination. \nEveryone who has a car will choose to drive to their destination. \nNo students drive to their destination. \nJames has a car or works at Meta.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkAt(x, meta) \u2192 HighIncome(x))\n\u2200x (HighIncome(x) \u2192 \u00acMeansToDestination(x, bus))\n\u2200x (MeansToDestination(x, bus) \u2295 MeansToDestination(x, drive))\n\u2200x (HaveCar(x) \u2192 MeansToDestination(x, drive))\n\u2200x (Student(x) \u2192 \u00ac MeansToDestination(x, drive))\nHaveCar(james) \u2228 WorkAt(james, meta)", "conclusion": "James drives to his destination or he is a student.", "conclusion-FOL": "MeansToDestination(x, drive) \u2228 Student(james)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1205} +{"story_id": 425, "premises": "Everyone working at Meta has a high income. \nA person with a high income will not take a bus to their destination.\nPeople will either take a bus or drive to their destination. \nEveryone who has a car will choose to drive to their destination. \nNo students drive to their destination. \nJames has a car or works at Meta.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkAt(x, meta) \u2192 HighIncome(x))\n\u2200x (HighIncome(x) \u2192 \u00acMeansToDestination(x, bus))\n\u2200x (MeansToDestination(x, bus) \u2295 MeansToDestination(x, drive))\n\u2200x (HaveCar(x) \u2192 MeansToDestination(x, drive))\n\u2200x (Student(x) \u2192 \u00ac MeansToDestination(x, drive))\nHaveCar(james) \u2228 WorkAt(james, meta)", "conclusion": "James either drives to their destination or is a student.", "conclusion-FOL": "MeansToDestination(x, drive) \u2295 Student(james)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1206} +{"story_id": 425, "premises": "Everyone working at Meta has a high income. \nA person with a high income will not take a bus to their destination.\nPeople will either take a bus or drive to their destination. \nEveryone who has a car will choose to drive to their destination. \nNo students drive to their destination. \nJames has a car or works at Meta.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkAt(x, meta) \u2192 HighIncome(x))\n\u2200x (HighIncome(x) \u2192 \u00acMeansToDestination(x, bus))\n\u2200x (MeansToDestination(x, bus) \u2295 MeansToDestination(x, drive))\n\u2200x (HaveCar(x) \u2192 MeansToDestination(x, drive))\n\u2200x (Student(x) \u2192 \u00ac MeansToDestination(x, drive))\nHaveCar(james) \u2228 WorkAt(james, meta)", "conclusion": "If James either drives to his destination or is a student, then he has a high income and is a student.", "conclusion-FOL": "(MeansToDestination(x, drive) \u2295 Student(james)) \u2192 (HighIncome(james) \u2227 Student(james))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1207} +{"story_id": 423, "premises": "Everyone at the business conference is either an investor or an entrepreneur.\nNone of those at the business conference who enjoy the opportunity of starting a business prefer a planned economy. \nAll entrepreneurs at the business conference enjoy the opportunity of starting a business. \nEveryone at the business conference who enjoys state ownership of means of production prefers a planned economy. \nEveryone at the business conference who is an ardent communist prefers state ownership of the means of production.\nHo is at the business conference and prefers state ownership of the means of production. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, businessConference) \u2192 (Investor(x) \u2295 Entrepreneur(x)))\n\u2200x ((At(x, businessConference) \u2227 Enjoy(x, opportunityOfStartingOwnBusiness)) \u2192 \u00acPrefer(x, plannedEconomy))\n\u2200x ((At(x, businessConference) \u2227 Entrepreneur(x)) \u2192 Enjoy(x, opportunityOfStartingOwnBusiness))\n\u2200x ((At(x, businessConference) \u2227 Enjoy(x, stateOwnershipOfMeansOfProduction)) \u2192 Prefer(x, plannedEconomy))\n\u2200x ((At(x, businessConference) \u2227 ArdentCommunist(x)) \u2192 Prefer(x, stateOwnershipOfMeansOfProduction))\nAt(ho, businessConference) \u2227 Prefer(ho, stateOwnershipOfMeansOfProduction)", "conclusion": "Ho is not an ardent communist.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acArdentCommunist(ho)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1197} +{"story_id": 423, "premises": "Everyone at the business conference is either an investor or an entrepreneur.\nNone of those at the business conference who enjoy the opportunity of starting a business prefer a planned economy. \nAll entrepreneurs at the business conference enjoy the opportunity of starting a business. \nEveryone at the business conference who enjoys state ownership of means of production prefers a planned economy. \nEveryone at the business conference who is an ardent communist prefers state ownership of the means of production.\nHo is at the business conference and prefers state ownership of the means of production. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, businessConference) \u2192 (Investor(x) \u2295 Entrepreneur(x)))\n\u2200x ((At(x, businessConference) \u2227 Enjoy(x, opportunityOfStartingOwnBusiness)) \u2192 \u00acPrefer(x, plannedEconomy))\n\u2200x ((At(x, businessConference) \u2227 Entrepreneur(x)) \u2192 Enjoy(x, opportunityOfStartingOwnBusiness))\n\u2200x ((At(x, businessConference) \u2227 Enjoy(x, stateOwnershipOfMeansOfProduction)) \u2192 Prefer(x, plannedEconomy))\n\u2200x ((At(x, businessConference) \u2227 ArdentCommunist(x)) \u2192 Prefer(x, stateOwnershipOfMeansOfProduction))\nAt(ho, businessConference) \u2227 Prefer(ho, stateOwnershipOfMeansOfProduction)", "conclusion": "Ho is an investor or is not an ardent communist.", "conclusion-FOL": "Investor(ho) \u2228 (\u00acArdentCommunist(ho))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1198} +{"story_id": 264, "premises": "No television stars are certified public accountants.\nAll certified public accountants have good business sense.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (TelevisionStar(x) \u2192 \u00acCertifiedPublicAccoutant(x))\n\u2200x (CertifiedPublicAccoutant(x) \u2192 Have(x, goodBusinessSense))", "conclusion": "All television stars have good business sense.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (TelevisionStar(x) \u2192 Have(x, goodBusinessSense))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 708} +{"story_id": 416, "premises": "Some students in the class who are good at math are also good at chemistry.\nAll students in the class who are good at chemistry enjoy conducting experiments. \nAll students in the class that enjoy conducting experiments are good at planning. \nNone of the students who are good at planning failed the class.\nJames is a student in the class; he is either good at chemistry and failed the class, or bad at chemistry and passed the class.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, math) \u2227 GoodAt(x, chemistry) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 StudentInTheClass(y) \u2227 GoodAt(y, math) \u2227 GoodAt(y, chemistry))\n\u2200x ((StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, chemistry)) \u2192 Enjoy(x, conductingExperiment))\n\u2200x ((StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, conductingExperiment)) \u2192 GoodAt(x, planning))\n\u2200x ((StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, planning)) \u2192 \u00acFailed(x, theClass))\nStudentInTheClass(james) \u2227 (\u00ac(GoodAt(james, chemistry) \u2295 Failed(james, theClass)))", "conclusion": "James is good at planning.", "conclusion-FOL": "GoodAt(james, planning)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1169} +{"story_id": 416, "premises": "Some students in the class who are good at math are also good at chemistry.\nAll students in the class who are good at chemistry enjoy conducting experiments. \nAll students in the class that enjoy conducting experiments are good at planning. \nNone of the students who are good at planning failed the class.\nJames is a student in the class; he is either good at chemistry and failed the class, or bad at chemistry and passed the class.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, math) \u2227 GoodAt(x, chemistry) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 StudentInTheClass(y) \u2227 GoodAt(y, math) \u2227 GoodAt(y, chemistry))\n\u2200x ((StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, chemistry)) \u2192 Enjoy(x, conductingExperiment))\n\u2200x ((StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, conductingExperiment)) \u2192 GoodAt(x, planning))\n\u2200x ((StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, planning)) \u2192 \u00acFailed(x, theClass))\nStudentInTheClass(james) \u2227 (\u00ac(GoodAt(james, chemistry) \u2295 Failed(james, theClass)))", "conclusion": "James is good at math and chemistry.", "conclusion-FOL": "GoodAt(james, chemistry) \u2227 GoodAt(james, math)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1170} +{"story_id": 416, "premises": "Some students in the class who are good at math are also good at chemistry.\nAll students in the class who are good at chemistry enjoy conducting experiments. \nAll students in the class that enjoy conducting experiments are good at planning. \nNone of the students who are good at planning failed the class.\nJames is a student in the class; he is either good at chemistry and failed the class, or bad at chemistry and passed the class.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, math) \u2227 GoodAt(x, chemistry) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 StudentInTheClass(y) \u2227 GoodAt(y, math) \u2227 GoodAt(y, chemistry))\n\u2200x ((StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, chemistry)) \u2192 Enjoy(x, conductingExperiment))\n\u2200x ((StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, conductingExperiment)) \u2192 GoodAt(x, planning))\n\u2200x ((StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, planning)) \u2192 \u00acFailed(x, theClass))\nStudentInTheClass(james) \u2227 (\u00ac(GoodAt(james, chemistry) \u2295 Failed(james, theClass)))", "conclusion": "James failed the class and is good at math.", "conclusion-FOL": "Failed(james, james) \u2227 GoodAt(james, math)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1171} +{"story_id": 416, "premises": "Some students in the class who are good at math are also good at chemistry.\nAll students in the class who are good at chemistry enjoy conducting experiments. \nAll students in the class that enjoy conducting experiments are good at planning. \nNone of the students who are good at planning failed the class.\nJames is a student in the class; he is either good at chemistry and failed the class, or bad at chemistry and passed the class.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, math) \u2227 GoodAt(x, chemistry) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 StudentInTheClass(y) \u2227 GoodAt(y, math) \u2227 GoodAt(y, chemistry))\n\u2200x ((StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, chemistry)) \u2192 Enjoy(x, conductingExperiment))\n\u2200x ((StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, conductingExperiment)) \u2192 GoodAt(x, planning))\n\u2200x ((StudentInTheClass(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, planning)) \u2192 \u00acFailed(x, theClass))\nStudentInTheClass(james) \u2227 (\u00ac(GoodAt(james, chemistry) \u2295 Failed(james, theClass)))", "conclusion": "If James is good at Chemistry or failed the class, then James is either good at planning or good at math.", "conclusion-FOL": "(GoodAt(james, chemistry) \u2228 Failed(james, theClass)) \u2192 (GoodAt(james, planning) \u2295 GoodAt(james, math))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1172} +{"story_id": 24, "premises": "If a Leetcode problem is at the easy level, then its AC rate is lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems that are recommended to novices are easy. \nA Leetode problem is either easy or hard.\nLeetcode problems that are starred by more than one thousand users are hard.\n2Sum is recommended to novices. \n4Sum is starred by more than 1,000 users.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Easy(x) \u2192 \u2203y (LessThan(y, percent20) \u2227 ACRate(x,y)))\n\u2200x (Recommended(x) \u2192 Easy(x))\n\u2200x (Easy(x) \u2295 Hard(x))\n\u2200x (Starred(x)) \u2192 Hard(x))\nRecommended(twosum) \nStarred(foursum)", "conclusion": "2Sum is a Leetcode problem at the easy level.", "conclusion-FOL": "Easy(twosum)", "label": "True", "example_id": 69} +{"story_id": 24, "premises": "If a Leetcode problem is at the easy level, then its AC rate is lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems that are recommended to novices are easy. \nA Leetode problem is either easy or hard.\nLeetcode problems that are starred by more than one thousand users are hard.\n2Sum is recommended to novices. \n4Sum is starred by more than 1,000 users.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Easy(x) \u2192 \u2203y (LessThan(y, percent20) \u2227 ACRate(x,y)))\n\u2200x (Recommended(x) \u2192 Easy(x))\n\u2200x (Easy(x) \u2295 Hard(x))\n\u2200x (Starred(x)) \u2192 Hard(x))\nRecommended(twosum) \nStarred(foursum)", "conclusion": "4Sum is a Leetcode problem recommended to the novice.", "conclusion-FOL": "Recommended(foursum)", "label": "False", "example_id": 70} +{"story_id": 24, "premises": "If a Leetcode problem is at the easy level, then its AC rate is lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems that are recommended to novices are easy. \nA Leetode problem is either easy or hard.\nLeetcode problems that are starred by more than one thousand users are hard.\n2Sum is recommended to novices. \n4Sum is starred by more than 1,000 users.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Easy(x) \u2192 \u2203y (LessThan(y, percent20) \u2227 ACRate(x,y)))\n\u2200x (Recommended(x) \u2192 Easy(x))\n\u2200x (Easy(x) \u2295 Hard(x))\n\u2200x (Starred(x)) \u2192 Hard(x))\nRecommended(twosum) \nStarred(foursum)", "conclusion": "2Sum has an AC rate higher than 20 percent.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203y(GreaterThan(y, percent20) \u2227 ACRate(2Sum,y))", "label": "False", "example_id": 71} +{"story_id": 244, "premises": "Everyone who rents a car spends money.\nWhenever Sarah goes to Vermont, Sarah drives there.\nSomeone who does not own a car to drive somewhere must either borrow a car or rent a car.\nSarah doesn\u2019t own a car.\nSarah never borrows a car to go camping.\nSarah is going to go camping in Vermont.\nTo go camping somewhere, you must go to that place.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Rent(x, car) \u2192 Spend(x, money))\nGoTo(sarah, vermont) \u2192 DriveTo(sarah, vermont)\n\u2200x \u2200y (\u00acOwn(x, car) \u2227 DriveTo(x, y) \u2192 Borrow(x, car) \u2295 Rent(x, car))\n\u00acOwn(sarah, car)\n\u2200x (Camping(sarah, x) \u2192 \u00ac(Borrow(sarah, car)))\nCamping(sarah, vermont)\n\u2200x \u2200y (Camping(x, y) \u2192 GoTo(x, y))", "conclusion": "Sarah will spend money this weekend.", "conclusion-FOL": "Spend(sarah, money)", "label": "True", "example_id": 687} +{"story_id": 378, "premises": "All people who attend weddings are getting married or know the people who are getting married.\nNo preteens or young children are getting married or know the people who are getting married.\nPeople who enjoy celebrating life milestone events with other people attend weddings.\nPeople who are fond of large group functions enjoy celebrating life milestone events with other people.\nAll people who are outgoing and spirited are fond of large group functions.\nIf Carol is not both a pre-teen or young child and attends a wedding, then Carol is not getting married or knows the people who are getting married. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Attend(x, wedding) \u2192 GettingMarried(x) \u2228 (\u2203y (Know(x, y) \u2227 GettingMarried(y)))\n\u2200x (PreTeen(x) \u2228 YoungChild(x) \u2192 \u00ac(GettingMarried(x) \u2295 (\u2203y (Know(x, y) \u2227 GettingMarried(y)))))\n\u2200x (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=z) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 Enjoy(x, celebratingLifeMileStoneEvent, y) \u2227 Enjoy(x, celebratingLifeStoneEvent, z)) \u2192 Attend(x, wedding))\n\u2200x (FondOf(x, largeGroupFunction) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=z) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 Enjoy(x, celebratingLifeMileStoneEventWith, y) \u2227 Enjoy(x, celebratingLifeStoneEvent, z)))\n\u2200x (Outgoing(x) \u2227 Sprited(x) \u2192 FondOf(x, largeGroupFunction))\n\u00ac((PreTeen(carol) \u2228 YoungChildren(carol)) \u2227 Attend(carol, wedding)) \u2192 \u00ac(GettingMarried(carol) \u2228 (\u2203y (Know(carol, y) \u2227 GettingMarried(y))))", "conclusion": "Carol is outgoing and very spirited.", "conclusion-FOL": "Outgoing(carol) \u2227 Sprited(carol)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1008} +{"story_id": 378, "premises": "All people who attend weddings are getting married or know the people who are getting married.\nNo preteens or young children are getting married or know the people who are getting married.\nPeople who enjoy celebrating life milestone events with other people attend weddings.\nPeople who are fond of large group functions enjoy celebrating life milestone events with other people.\nAll people who are outgoing and spirited are fond of large group functions.\nIf Carol is not both a pre-teen or young child and attends a wedding, then Carol is not getting married or knows the people who are getting married. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Attend(x, wedding) \u2192 GettingMarried(x) \u2228 (\u2203y (Know(x, y) \u2227 GettingMarried(y)))\n\u2200x (PreTeen(x) \u2228 YoungChild(x) \u2192 \u00ac(GettingMarried(x) \u2295 (\u2203y (Know(x, y) \u2227 GettingMarried(y)))))\n\u2200x (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=z) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 Enjoy(x, celebratingLifeMileStoneEvent, y) \u2227 Enjoy(x, celebratingLifeStoneEvent, z)) \u2192 Attend(x, wedding))\n\u2200x (FondOf(x, largeGroupFunction) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=z) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 Enjoy(x, celebratingLifeMileStoneEventWith, y) \u2227 Enjoy(x, celebratingLifeStoneEvent, z)))\n\u2200x (Outgoing(x) \u2227 Sprited(x) \u2192 FondOf(x, largeGroupFunction))\n\u00ac((PreTeen(carol) \u2228 YoungChildren(carol)) \u2227 Attend(carol, wedding)) \u2192 \u00ac(GettingMarried(carol) \u2228 (\u2203y (Know(carol, y) \u2227 GettingMarried(y))))", "conclusion": "Carol is a preteen or a young child.", "conclusion-FOL": "PreTeen(carol) \u2228 YoungChild(carol)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1009} +{"story_id": 378, "premises": "All people who attend weddings are getting married or know the people who are getting married.\nNo preteens or young children are getting married or know the people who are getting married.\nPeople who enjoy celebrating life milestone events with other people attend weddings.\nPeople who are fond of large group functions enjoy celebrating life milestone events with other people.\nAll people who are outgoing and spirited are fond of large group functions.\nIf Carol is not both a pre-teen or young child and attends a wedding, then Carol is not getting married or knows the people who are getting married. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Attend(x, wedding) \u2192 GettingMarried(x) \u2228 (\u2203y (Know(x, y) \u2227 GettingMarried(y)))\n\u2200x (PreTeen(x) \u2228 YoungChild(x) \u2192 \u00ac(GettingMarried(x) \u2295 (\u2203y (Know(x, y) \u2227 GettingMarried(y)))))\n\u2200x (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=z) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 Enjoy(x, celebratingLifeMileStoneEvent, y) \u2227 Enjoy(x, celebratingLifeStoneEvent, z)) \u2192 Attend(x, wedding))\n\u2200x (FondOf(x, largeGroupFunction) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=z) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 Enjoy(x, celebratingLifeMileStoneEventWith, y) \u2227 Enjoy(x, celebratingLifeStoneEvent, z)))\n\u2200x (Outgoing(x) \u2227 Sprited(x) \u2192 FondOf(x, largeGroupFunction))\n\u00ac((PreTeen(carol) \u2228 YoungChildren(carol)) \u2227 Attend(carol, wedding)) \u2192 \u00ac(GettingMarried(carol) \u2228 (\u2203y (Know(carol, y) \u2227 GettingMarried(y))))", "conclusion": "Carol neither enjoys celebrating life milestone events with other people nor is outgoing and very spirited.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac((\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=z) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 Enjoy(x, celebratingLifeMileStoneEvent, y) \u2227 Enjoy(x, celebratingLifeStoneEvent, z)) \u2228 (Outgoing(carol) \u2227 Sprited(carol)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1010} +{"story_id": 395, "premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 VelvetFinish(x)) \u2192 Refillable(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (VelvetFinish(x) \u2295 SatinFinish(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 SatinFinish(x)) \u2192 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (RosewoodInDescription(x) \u2295 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x)))\nLipstick(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 (RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2295 VelvetFinish(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999))", "conclusion": "ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 has a satin finish.", "conclusion-FOL": "SatinFinish(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1068} +{"story_id": 395, "premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 VelvetFinish(x)) \u2192 Refillable(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (VelvetFinish(x) \u2295 SatinFinish(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 SatinFinish(x)) \u2192 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (RosewoodInDescription(x) \u2295 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x)))\nLipstick(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 (RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2295 VelvetFinish(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999))", "conclusion": "ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 has a satin finish and has \"rosewood\" in its official description.", "conclusion-FOL": "Refillable(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2227 RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1069} +{"story_id": 395, "premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 VelvetFinish(x)) \u2192 Refillable(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (VelvetFinish(x) \u2295 SatinFinish(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 SatinFinish(x)) \u2192 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (RosewoodInDescription(x) \u2295 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x)))\nLipstick(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 (RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2295 VelvetFinish(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999))", "conclusion": "ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 either is refillable or has \"rosewood\" in its official description.", "conclusion-FOL": "Refillable(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2295 RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1070} +{"story_id": 395, "premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 VelvetFinish(x)) \u2192 Refillable(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (VelvetFinish(x) \u2295 SatinFinish(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 SatinFinish(x)) \u2192 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (RosewoodInDescription(x) \u2295 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x)))\nLipstick(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 (RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2295 VelvetFinish(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999))", "conclusion": "If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is not both a velvet finish ipstick in the set and refillable, then it neither is refillable nor has \"rosewood\" in its official description.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac((Lipstick(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 VelvetFinish(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2227 Refillable(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999)) \u2192 (\u00acRefillable(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2227 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1071} +{"story_id": 395, "premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 VelvetFinish(x)) \u2192 Refillable(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (VelvetFinish(x) \u2295 SatinFinish(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 SatinFinish(x)) \u2192 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (RosewoodInDescription(x) \u2295 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x)))\nLipstick(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 (RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2295 VelvetFinish(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999))", "conclusion": "If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is refillable and has \"rosewood\" in its official description, then it either has a velvet-finish or has \"rosewood\" in its official description.", "conclusion-FOL": "(Refillable(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2227 RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999)) \u2014> (VelvetFinish(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2228 RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1072} +{"story_id": 395, "premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 VelvetFinish(x)) \u2192 Refillable(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (VelvetFinish(x) \u2295 SatinFinish(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 SatinFinish(x)) \u2192 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (RosewoodInDescription(x) \u2295 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x)))\nLipstick(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 (RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2295 VelvetFinish(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999))", "conclusion": "If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 either does not have \"rosewood\" in its official description or is refillable, then it has \"rosewood\" in its official description.", "conclusion-FOL": "(\u00acRosewoodInDescription(rougeEDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2295 Refillable(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999)) \u2192 RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1073} +{"story_id": 395, "premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 VelvetFinish(x)) \u2192 Refillable(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (VelvetFinish(x) \u2295 SatinFinish(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 SatinFinish(x)) \u2192 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (RosewoodInDescription(x) \u2295 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x)))\nLipstick(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 (RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2295 VelvetFinish(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999))", "conclusion": "If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 either does not have \"rosewood\" in its official description or is refillable, then it neither has a satin-finish nor has \"rosewood\" in its official description.", "conclusion-FOL": "(RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2295 Refillable(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999)) \u2192 \u00ac(SatinFinish(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2228 RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1074} +{"story_id": 395, "premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 VelvetFinish(x)) \u2192 Refillable(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (VelvetFinish(x) \u2295 SatinFinish(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 SatinFinish(x)) \u2192 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x))\n\u2200x ((Lipstick(x) \u2227 In(x, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(x, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition)) \u2192 (RosewoodInDescription(x) \u2295 \u00acRosewoodInDescription(x)))\nLipstick(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, rougeDiorSet) \u2227 In(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999, lunarNewYearLimitedEdition) \u2227 (RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2295 VelvetFinish(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999))", "conclusion": "If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is refillable or has \"rosewood\" in its official description, then it either is refillable or has \"rosewood\" in its official description..", "conclusion-FOL": "(Refillable(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2228 RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999)) \u2192 (Refillable(rougeEDiorColoredLipBalm999) \u2295 RosewoodInDescription(rougeDiorColoredLipBalm999))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1075} +{"story_id": 265, "premises": "All Senate Republicans are elected officials.\nSome elected officials are not conservatives.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SenateRepublican(x) \u2192 ElectedOfficial(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (ElectedOfficial(x) \u2227 ElectedOfficial(y) \u2227 \u00acConservative(x) \u2227 \u00acConservative(y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "conclusion": "Some conservatives are not Senate Republicans.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Conservative(x) \u2227 Conservative(y) \u2227 \u00acSenateRepublican(x) \u2227 \u00acSenateRepublican(y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 709} +{"story_id": 337, "premises": "No athletes never exercise.\nAll professional basketball players are athletes. \nAll NBA players are professional basketball players. \nAll Knicks players are NBA players. \nEither John is a professional basketball player and he never exercises, or he is not a professional basketball player and he sometimes exercises.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Athlete(x) \u2192 \u00acNeverExercises(x)) Never: does not exist a time\n\u2200x (ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x) \u2192 Athlete(x))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (KnicksPlayer(x) \u2192 NBAPlayer(x))\n\u00ac(ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(jim) \u2295 NeverExercises(jim))", "conclusion": "Jim is a Knicks player.", "conclusion-FOL": "KnicksPlayer(jim)", "label": "False", "example_id": 881} +{"story_id": 337, "premises": "No athletes never exercise.\nAll professional basketball players are athletes. \nAll NBA players are professional basketball players. \nAll Knicks players are NBA players. \nEither John is a professional basketball player and he never exercises, or he is not a professional basketball player and he sometimes exercises.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Athlete(x) \u2192 \u00acNeverExercises(x)) Never: does not exist a time\n\u2200x (ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x) \u2192 Athlete(x))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (KnicksPlayer(x) \u2192 NBAPlayer(x))\n\u00ac(ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(jim) \u2295 NeverExercises(jim))", "conclusion": "Jim is not a Knicks player.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acKnicksPlayer(jim)", "label": "True", "example_id": 882} +{"story_id": 337, "premises": "No athletes never exercise.\nAll professional basketball players are athletes. \nAll NBA players are professional basketball players. \nAll Knicks players are NBA players. \nEither John is a professional basketball player and he never exercises, or he is not a professional basketball player and he sometimes exercises.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Athlete(x) \u2192 \u00acNeverExercises(x)) Never: does not exist a time\n\u2200x (ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x) \u2192 Athlete(x))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (KnicksPlayer(x) \u2192 NBAPlayer(x))\n\u00ac(ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(jim) \u2295 NeverExercises(jim))", "conclusion": "Jim is an athlete.", "conclusion-FOL": "Athlete(jim)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 883} +{"story_id": 345, "premises": "All kids are young.\nAll toddlers are kids.\nIf someone is young, then they are not elderly.\nAll pirates are seafarers.\nIf Nancy is not a pirate, then Nancy is young.\nIf Nancy is not a toddler, then Nancy is a seafarer.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Kid(x) \u2192 Young(x))\n\u2200x (Toddler(x) \u2192 Kid(x))\n\u2200x (Young(x) \u2192 \u00acElderly(x))\n\u2200x (Pirate(x) \u2192 Seafarer(x))\n\u00acPirate(nancy) \u2192 Young(nancy)\n\u00acToddler(nancy) \u2192 Seafarer(nancy)", "conclusion": "Nancy is a pirate.", "conclusion-FOL": "Pirate(nancy)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 910} +{"story_id": 345, "premises": "All kids are young.\nAll toddlers are kids.\nIf someone is young, then they are not elderly.\nAll pirates are seafarers.\nIf Nancy is not a pirate, then Nancy is young.\nIf Nancy is not a toddler, then Nancy is a seafarer.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Kid(x) \u2192 Young(x))\n\u2200x (Toddler(x) \u2192 Kid(x))\n\u2200x (Young(x) \u2192 \u00acElderly(x))\n\u2200x (Pirate(x) \u2192 Seafarer(x))\n\u00acPirate(nancy) \u2192 Young(nancy)\n\u00acToddler(nancy) \u2192 Seafarer(nancy)", "conclusion": "Nancy is either both a pirate and a toddler, or neither a pirate nor a toddler.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Pirate(nancy) \u2295 Toddler(nancy))", "label": "False", "example_id": 911} +{"story_id": 345, "premises": "All kids are young.\nAll toddlers are kids.\nIf someone is young, then they are not elderly.\nAll pirates are seafarers.\nIf Nancy is not a pirate, then Nancy is young.\nIf Nancy is not a toddler, then Nancy is a seafarer.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Kid(x) \u2192 Young(x))\n\u2200x (Toddler(x) \u2192 Kid(x))\n\u2200x (Young(x) \u2192 \u00acElderly(x))\n\u2200x (Pirate(x) \u2192 Seafarer(x))\n\u00acPirate(nancy) \u2192 Young(nancy)\n\u00acToddler(nancy) \u2192 Seafarer(nancy)", "conclusion": "If Nancy is not either a pirate or a toddler, then she is young and is a kid.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Pirate(nancy) \u2295 Toddler(nancy)) \u2192 Young(nancy) \u2227 Kid(nancy)", "label": "True", "example_id": 912} +{"story_id": 68, "premises": "Lana Wilson directed After Tiller, The Departure, and Miss Americana.\nIf a film is directed by a person, the person is a filmmaker.\nAfter Tiller is a documentary.\nThe documentary is a type of film.\nLana Wilson is from Kirkland.\nKirkland is a US city.\nIf a person is from a city in a country, the person is from the country.\nAfter Tiller is nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Documentary.", "premises-FOL": "DirectedBy(afterTiller, lanaWilson) \u2227 DirectedBy(theDeparture, lanaWilson) \u2227 DirectedBy(missAmericana, lanaWilson)\n\u2200x \u2200y (DirectedBy(x, y) \u2192 Filmmaker(y))\nDocumentary(afterTiller)\n\u2200x (Documentary(x) \u2192 Film(x))\nFrom(lanaWilson, kirkland)\nIn(kirkland, unitedStates)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((From(x, y) \u2227 In(y, z)) \u2192 From(x, z))\nNomination(afterTiller, theIndependentSpiritAwardForBestDocumentary)", "conclusion": "Lana Wilson is a US filmmaker.", "conclusion-FOL": "From(lanaWilson, unitedStates) \u2227 Filmmaker(lanaWilson)", "label": "True", "example_id": 201} +{"story_id": 68, "premises": "Lana Wilson directed After Tiller, The Departure, and Miss Americana.\nIf a film is directed by a person, the person is a filmmaker.\nAfter Tiller is a documentary.\nThe documentary is a type of film.\nLana Wilson is from Kirkland.\nKirkland is a US city.\nIf a person is from a city in a country, the person is from the country.\nAfter Tiller is nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Documentary.", "premises-FOL": "DirectedBy(afterTiller, lanaWilson) \u2227 DirectedBy(theDeparture, lanaWilson) \u2227 DirectedBy(missAmericana, lanaWilson)\n\u2200x \u2200y (DirectedBy(x, y) \u2192 Filmmaker(y))\nDocumentary(afterTiller)\n\u2200x (Documentary(x) \u2192 Film(x))\nFrom(lanaWilson, kirkland)\nIn(kirkland, unitedStates)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((From(x, y) \u2227 In(y, z)) \u2192 From(x, z))\nNomination(afterTiller, theIndependentSpiritAwardForBestDocumentary)", "conclusion": "Miss Americana is not directed by a filmmaker from Kirkland.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac\u2203x(Filmmaker(x) \u2227 From(x, kirkland) \u2227 DirectedBy(missAmericana, x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 202} +{"story_id": 68, "premises": "Lana Wilson directed After Tiller, The Departure, and Miss Americana.\nIf a film is directed by a person, the person is a filmmaker.\nAfter Tiller is a documentary.\nThe documentary is a type of film.\nLana Wilson is from Kirkland.\nKirkland is a US city.\nIf a person is from a city in a country, the person is from the country.\nAfter Tiller is nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Documentary.", "premises-FOL": "DirectedBy(afterTiller, lanaWilson) \u2227 DirectedBy(theDeparture, lanaWilson) \u2227 DirectedBy(missAmericana, lanaWilson)\n\u2200x \u2200y (DirectedBy(x, y) \u2192 Filmmaker(y))\nDocumentary(afterTiller)\n\u2200x (Documentary(x) \u2192 Film(x))\nFrom(lanaWilson, kirkland)\nIn(kirkland, unitedStates)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((From(x, y) \u2227 In(y, z)) \u2192 From(x, z))\nNomination(afterTiller, theIndependentSpiritAwardForBestDocumentary)", "conclusion": "Lana Wilson has won the Independent Spirit Award.", "conclusion-FOL": "FilmmakerAward(lanaWilson, theIndependentSpiritAwardForBestDocumentary)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 203} +{"story_id": 281, "premises": "All bears in zoos are not wild. \nSome bears are in zoos. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Bear(x) \u2227 In(x, zoo)) \u2192 \u00acWild(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Bear(x) \u2227 Bear(y) \u2227 In(x, zoo) \u2227 In(y, zoo) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "conclusion": "Not all bears are wild.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Bear(x) \u2227 \u00acWild(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 725} +{"story_id": 56, "premises": "If a person is the leader of a country for life, that person has power.\nLeaders of a country for life are either a king or a queen.\nQueens are female.\nKings are male. \nElizabeth is a queen.\nElizabeth is a leader of a country for life.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Leader(x) \u2192 HavePower(x))\n\u2200x (Leader(x) \u2192 (King(x) \u2295 Queen(x)))\n\u2200x (Queen(x) \u2192 Female(x))\n\u2200x (King(x) \u2192 Male(x))\nQueen(elizabeth)\nLeader(elizabeth)", "conclusion": "Elizabeth is a king.", "conclusion-FOL": "King(elizabeth)", "label": "False", "example_id": 165} +{"story_id": 56, "premises": "If a person is the leader of a country for life, that person has power.\nLeaders of a country for life are either a king or a queen.\nQueens are female.\nKings are male. \nElizabeth is a queen.\nElizabeth is a leader of a country for life.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Leader(x) \u2192 HavePower(x))\n\u2200x (Leader(x) \u2192 (King(x) \u2295 Queen(x)))\n\u2200x (Queen(x) \u2192 Female(x))\n\u2200x (King(x) \u2192 Male(x))\nQueen(elizabeth)\nLeader(elizabeth)", "conclusion": "Elizabeth has power.", "conclusion-FOL": "HavePower(elizabeth)", "label": "True", "example_id": 166} +{"story_id": 56, "premises": "If a person is the leader of a country for life, that person has power.\nLeaders of a country for life are either a king or a queen.\nQueens are female.\nKings are male. \nElizabeth is a queen.\nElizabeth is a leader of a country for life.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Leader(x) \u2192 HavePower(x))\n\u2200x (Leader(x) \u2192 (King(x) \u2295 Queen(x)))\n\u2200x (Queen(x) \u2192 Female(x))\n\u2200x (King(x) \u2192 Male(x))\nQueen(elizabeth)\nLeader(elizabeth)", "conclusion": "Elizabeth is a leader of a country for life.", "conclusion-FOL": "Leader(elizabeth)", "label": "True", "example_id": 167} +{"story_id": 367, "premises": "All people who went to Clay's school and who make their own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder do not wake up late and start their schedules past noon regularly.\nAll people who went to Clay's school, who live in California, and attend yoga classes regularly, make their own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder.\nAll people who went to Clay's school, and work in the entertainment industry as high-profile celebrities, wake up late and start their schedules past noon regularly.\nAll people who went to Clay's school that do not have regular 9-5 jobs, work in the entertainment industry as high-profile celebrities.\nAll people who went to Clay's school and prefer working at home over going to the office daily do not have regular 9-5 jobs.\nBunny went to Clay's school, and she either prefers to work at home over going to the office and makes her own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder, or does not prefer to work at home over going to the office every day and does not make her own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 MakeWith(x, theirOwnMatchTea, ceremonialGradePowder) \u2192 \u00ac(WakeUpLate(x) \u2227 StartPastNoonRegularly(x, schedule)))\n\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 LiveIn(x, california) \u2227 AttendRegularly(x, yogaClass) \u2192 MakeWith(x, ownMatch, ceremonialGradePowder))\n\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 WorkInAs(x, entertainmentIndustry, highProfileCelebrity) \u2192 (WakeUpLate(x) \u2227 StartPastNoonRegularly(x, schedule)))\n\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 \u00ac(Have(x, y) \u2227 Regular(y) \u2227 NineToFiveJob(y)) \u2192 WorkInAs(x, entertainmentIndustry, highProfileCelebrity))\n\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 Prefer(x, workingAtHome, goingToTheOffice) \u2192 \u00ac(Have(x, y) \u2227 Regular(y) \u2227 NineToFiveJob(y)))\nGoTo(bunny, claysSchool) \u2227 \u00ac(Prefer(bunny, workingAtHome, goingToTheOffice) \u2295 MakeWith(bunny, theirOwnMatchTea, ceremonialGradePowder))", "conclusion": "Bunny does not have a regular 9-5 job.", "conclusion-FOL": "Have(bunny, y) \u2227 Regular(y) \u2227 NineToFiveJob(y)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 976} +{"story_id": 367, "premises": "All people who went to Clay's school and who make their own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder do not wake up late and start their schedules past noon regularly.\nAll people who went to Clay's school, who live in California, and attend yoga classes regularly, make their own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder.\nAll people who went to Clay's school, and work in the entertainment industry as high-profile celebrities, wake up late and start their schedules past noon regularly.\nAll people who went to Clay's school that do not have regular 9-5 jobs, work in the entertainment industry as high-profile celebrities.\nAll people who went to Clay's school and prefer working at home over going to the office daily do not have regular 9-5 jobs.\nBunny went to Clay's school, and she either prefers to work at home over going to the office and makes her own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder, or does not prefer to work at home over going to the office every day and does not make her own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 MakeWith(x, theirOwnMatchTea, ceremonialGradePowder) \u2192 \u00ac(WakeUpLate(x) \u2227 StartPastNoonRegularly(x, schedule)))\n\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 LiveIn(x, california) \u2227 AttendRegularly(x, yogaClass) \u2192 MakeWith(x, ownMatch, ceremonialGradePowder))\n\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 WorkInAs(x, entertainmentIndustry, highProfileCelebrity) \u2192 (WakeUpLate(x) \u2227 StartPastNoonRegularly(x, schedule)))\n\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 \u00ac(Have(x, y) \u2227 Regular(y) \u2227 NineToFiveJob(y)) \u2192 WorkInAs(x, entertainmentIndustry, highProfileCelebrity))\n\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 Prefer(x, workingAtHome, goingToTheOffice) \u2192 \u00ac(Have(x, y) \u2227 Regular(y) \u2227 NineToFiveJob(y)))\nGoTo(bunny, claysSchool) \u2227 \u00ac(Prefer(bunny, workingAtHome, goingToTheOffice) \u2295 MakeWith(bunny, theirOwnMatchTea, ceremonialGradePowder))", "conclusion": "Bunny went to Clay's school and she lives in California and attends yoga classes regularly.", "conclusion-FOL": "LiveIn(bunny, california) \u2227 AttendRegularly(bunny, yogaClass)", "label": "False", "example_id": 977} +{"story_id": 367, "premises": "All people who went to Clay's school and who make their own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder do not wake up late and start their schedules past noon regularly.\nAll people who went to Clay's school, who live in California, and attend yoga classes regularly, make their own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder.\nAll people who went to Clay's school, and work in the entertainment industry as high-profile celebrities, wake up late and start their schedules past noon regularly.\nAll people who went to Clay's school that do not have regular 9-5 jobs, work in the entertainment industry as high-profile celebrities.\nAll people who went to Clay's school and prefer working at home over going to the office daily do not have regular 9-5 jobs.\nBunny went to Clay's school, and she either prefers to work at home over going to the office and makes her own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder, or does not prefer to work at home over going to the office every day and does not make her own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 MakeWith(x, theirOwnMatchTea, ceremonialGradePowder) \u2192 \u00ac(WakeUpLate(x) \u2227 StartPastNoonRegularly(x, schedule)))\n\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 LiveIn(x, california) \u2227 AttendRegularly(x, yogaClass) \u2192 MakeWith(x, ownMatch, ceremonialGradePowder))\n\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 WorkInAs(x, entertainmentIndustry, highProfileCelebrity) \u2192 (WakeUpLate(x) \u2227 StartPastNoonRegularly(x, schedule)))\n\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 \u00ac(Have(x, y) \u2227 Regular(y) \u2227 NineToFiveJob(y)) \u2192 WorkInAs(x, entertainmentIndustry, highProfileCelebrity))\n\u2200x (GoTo(x, claysSchool) \u2227 Prefer(x, workingAtHome, goingToTheOffice) \u2192 \u00ac(Have(x, y) \u2227 Regular(y) \u2227 NineToFiveJob(y)))\nGoTo(bunny, claysSchool) \u2227 \u00ac(Prefer(bunny, workingAtHome, goingToTheOffice) \u2295 MakeWith(bunny, theirOwnMatchTea, ceremonialGradePowder))", "conclusion": "Bunny went to Clay's school and she neither prefers working at home over going to the office nor lives in California and attends yoga classes regularly.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Prefer(bunny, workingAtHome, goingToTheOffice) \u2228 (LiveIn(bunny, california) \u2227 AttendRegularly(bunny, yogaClass)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 978} +{"story_id": 19, "premises": "Thomas Barber was an English professional footballer.\nThomas Barber played in the Football League for Aston Villa.\nThomas Barber played as a halfback and inside left.\nThomas Barber scored the winning goal in the 1913 FA Cup Final.", "premises-FOL": "English(thomasBarber) \u2227 ProfessionalFootballer(thomasBarber)\nPlayedFor(thomasBarber, astonVilla) \u2227 PlayedIn(astonVilla,theFootballLeague)\nPlayedAs(thomasBarber, halfBack) \u2227 PlayedAs(thomasBarber, insideLeft)\nScoredTheWinningGoalIn(thomasBarber, facupfinal1913)", "conclusion": "Thomas Barber played in the Football League for Bolton Wanderers", "conclusion-FOL": "PlayedFor(thomasBarber, boltonWanderers) \u2227 PlayedIn(boltonWanderers,theFootballLeague)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 54} +{"story_id": 19, "premises": "Thomas Barber was an English professional footballer.\nThomas Barber played in the Football League for Aston Villa.\nThomas Barber played as a halfback and inside left.\nThomas Barber scored the winning goal in the 1913 FA Cup Final.", "premises-FOL": "English(thomasBarber) \u2227 ProfessionalFootballer(thomasBarber)\nPlayedFor(thomasBarber, astonVilla) \u2227 PlayedIn(astonVilla,theFootballLeague)\nPlayedAs(thomasBarber, halfBack) \u2227 PlayedAs(thomasBarber, insideLeft)\nScoredTheWinningGoalIn(thomasBarber, facupfinal1913)", "conclusion": "Thomas Barber played as an inside left.", "conclusion-FOL": "PlayedAs(thomasBarber, insideLeft)", "label": "True", "example_id": 55} +{"story_id": 19, "premises": "Thomas Barber was an English professional footballer.\nThomas Barber played in the Football League for Aston Villa.\nThomas Barber played as a halfback and inside left.\nThomas Barber scored the winning goal in the 1913 FA Cup Final.", "premises-FOL": "English(thomasBarber) \u2227 ProfessionalFootballer(thomasBarber)\nPlayedFor(thomasBarber, astonVilla) \u2227 PlayedIn(astonVilla,theFootballLeague)\nPlayedAs(thomasBarber, halfBack) \u2227 PlayedAs(thomasBarber, insideLeft)\nScoredTheWinningGoalIn(thomasBarber, facupfinal1913)", "conclusion": "An English professional footballer scored the winning goal in the 1913 FA Cup Final.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (English(x) \u2227 ProfessionalFootballer(x) \u2227 ScoredTheWinningGoalIn(x, facupfinal1913))", "label": "True", "example_id": 56} +{"story_id": 162, "premises": "If a person plays an instrument in a concert, they are good at playing this kind of instrument.\nPeter plays piano, violin, and saxophone.\nPeter plays piano in a concert.\nOliver and Peter both play instruments in a concert.\nOliver plays a different musical instrument from Peter in the concert.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (PlayIn(y, x, concert) \u2192 GoodAtPlaying(y, x))\nPlay(peter, piano) \u2227 Play(peter, violin) \u2227 Play(peter, saxophone)\nPlayIn(peter, piano, concert)\n\u2203x \u2203y (PlayIn(peter, x, concert) \u2227 PlayIn(oliver, y, concert))\n\u2200x (PlayIn(oliver, x, concert) \u2192 \u00acPlayIn(peter, y, concert))", "conclusion": "Oliver plays piano in the concert.", "conclusion-FOL": "PlayIn(oliver, piano, concert)", "label": "False", "example_id": 464} +{"story_id": 162, "premises": "If a person plays an instrument in a concert, they are good at playing this kind of instrument.\nPeter plays piano, violin, and saxophone.\nPeter plays piano in a concert.\nOliver and Peter both play instruments in a concert.\nOliver plays a different musical instrument from Peter in the concert.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (PlayIn(y, x, concert) \u2192 GoodAtPlaying(y, x))\nPlay(peter, piano) \u2227 Play(peter, violin) \u2227 Play(peter, saxophone)\nPlayIn(peter, piano, concert)\n\u2203x \u2203y (PlayIn(peter, x, concert) \u2227 PlayIn(oliver, y, concert))\n\u2200x (PlayIn(oliver, x, concert) \u2192 \u00acPlayIn(peter, y, concert))", "conclusion": "Oliver plays violin in the concert.", "conclusion-FOL": "PlayIn(oliver, violin, concert)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 465} +{"story_id": 162, "premises": "If a person plays an instrument in a concert, they are good at playing this kind of instrument.\nPeter plays piano, violin, and saxophone.\nPeter plays piano in a concert.\nOliver and Peter both play instruments in a concert.\nOliver plays a different musical instrument from Peter in the concert.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (PlayIn(y, x, concert) \u2192 GoodAtPlaying(y, x))\nPlay(peter, piano) \u2227 Play(peter, violin) \u2227 Play(peter, saxophone)\nPlayIn(peter, piano, concert)\n\u2203x \u2203y (PlayIn(peter, x, concert) \u2227 PlayIn(oliver, y, concert))\n\u2200x (PlayIn(oliver, x, concert) \u2192 \u00acPlayIn(peter, y, concert))", "conclusion": "Peter is good at playing piano.", "conclusion-FOL": "GoodAtPlaying(peter, piano)", "label": "True", "example_id": 466} +{"story_id": 454, "premises": "Functional brainstems are necessary for breath control.\nAll humans that can swim can control their breath. \nHumans can swim or walk. \nHumans who can walk can stand on the ground by themselves. \nHumans whose brainstems are functional can control their balance.\nEvery human who can stand on the ground by themselves has functional leg muscles. \nGeorge and Archie are humans.\nGeorge can control his balance and can swim.\nArchie can walk if and only if he has functional brainstems.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (CanControl(x, breath) \u2192 FunctionalBrainStem(x))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 CanSwim(x) \u2192 CanControl(x, breath))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2192 (CanSwim(x) \u2228 CanWalk(x)))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 CanWalk(x) \u2192 CanStandOnTheGround(x, themselves))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 FunctionalBrainStem(x) \u2192 CanControl(x, balance))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 CanStandOnTheGround(x, themselves) \u2192 FunctionalLegMuscle(x)))\nHuman(george) \u2227 Human(archie)\nCanControl(george, balance) \u2227 CanSwim(george)\n\u00ac(CanWalk(archie) \u2295 FunctionalBrainStem(x))\n", "conclusion": "George has functional leg muscles.", "conclusion-FOL": "FunctionalLegMuscle(archie)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1307} +{"story_id": 454, "premises": "Functional brainstems are necessary for breath control.\nAll humans that can swim can control their breath. \nHumans can swim or walk. \nHumans who can walk can stand on the ground by themselves. \nHumans whose brainstems are functional can control their balance.\nEvery human who can stand on the ground by themselves has functional leg muscles. \nGeorge and Archie are humans.\nGeorge can control his balance and can swim.\nArchie can walk if and only if he has functional brainstems.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (CanControl(x, breath) \u2192 FunctionalBrainStem(x))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 CanSwim(x) \u2192 CanControl(x, breath))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2192 (CanSwim(x) \u2228 CanWalk(x)))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 CanWalk(x) \u2192 CanStandOnTheGround(x, themselves))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 FunctionalBrainStem(x) \u2192 CanControl(x, balance))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 CanStandOnTheGround(x, themselves) \u2192 FunctionalLegMuscle(x)))\nHuman(george) \u2227 Human(archie)\nCanControl(george, balance) \u2227 CanSwim(george)\n\u00ac(CanWalk(archie) \u2295 FunctionalBrainStem(x))\n", "conclusion": "Archie has functional leg muscles and can control his balance.", "conclusion-FOL": "FunctionalLegMuscle(archie) \u2227 CanControl(archie, balance)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1308} +{"story_id": 454, "premises": "Functional brainstems are necessary for breath control.\nAll humans that can swim can control their breath. \nHumans can swim or walk. \nHumans who can walk can stand on the ground by themselves. \nHumans whose brainstems are functional can control their balance.\nEvery human who can stand on the ground by themselves has functional leg muscles. \nGeorge and Archie are humans.\nGeorge can control his balance and can swim.\nArchie can walk if and only if he has functional brainstems.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (CanControl(x, breath) \u2192 FunctionalBrainStem(x))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 CanSwim(x) \u2192 CanControl(x, breath))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2192 (CanSwim(x) \u2228 CanWalk(x)))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 CanWalk(x) \u2192 CanStandOnTheGround(x, themselves))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 FunctionalBrainStem(x) \u2192 CanControl(x, balance))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 CanStandOnTheGround(x, themselves) \u2192 FunctionalLegMuscle(x)))\nHuman(george) \u2227 Human(archie)\nCanControl(george, balance) \u2227 CanSwim(george)\n\u00ac(CanWalk(archie) \u2295 FunctionalBrainStem(x))\n", "conclusion": "Archie cannot control his balance and doesn't have functional leg muscles.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acCanControl(archie, balance) \u2227 \u00acFunctionalLegMuscle(x)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1309} +{"story_id": 236, "premises": "Cancer biology is finding genetic alterations that confer a selective advantage to cancer cells. \nCancer researchers have frequently ranked the importance of substitutions to cancer growth by the P value.\nP values are thresholds for belief, not metrics of effect. ", "premises-FOL": "Finding(cancerBiology, geneticAlteration) \u2227 Confer(geneticAlteration, selectiveAdvantage, toCancerCell)\n\u2203x \u2203y (CancerResearcher(x) \u2227 Ranked(x, importanceOfSubstitutionsToCancerGrowth) \u2227 PValue(y) \u2227 RankedBy(importanceOfSubstitutionsToCancerGrowth, y))\n\u2200x (PValue(x) \u2192 ThresholdForBelief(x) \u2227 \u00acMetricOfEffect(x))", "conclusion": "Cancer researchers tend to use the cancer effect size to determine the relative importance of the genetic alterations that confer selective advantage to cancer cells.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (CancerResearcher(x) \u2227 Use(x, cancerEffectSize) \u2227 UsedToDetermine(cancerEffectSize, relativeImportanceOfGeneteticAlterations))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 668} +{"story_id": 236, "premises": "Cancer biology is finding genetic alterations that confer a selective advantage to cancer cells. \nCancer researchers have frequently ranked the importance of substitutions to cancer growth by the P value.\nP values are thresholds for belief, not metrics of effect. ", "premises-FOL": "Finding(cancerBiology, geneticAlteration) \u2227 Confer(geneticAlteration, selectiveAdvantage, toCancerCell)\n\u2203x \u2203y (CancerResearcher(x) \u2227 Ranked(x, importanceOfSubstitutionsToCancerGrowth) \u2227 PValue(y) \u2227 RankedBy(importanceOfSubstitutionsToCancerGrowth, y))\n\u2200x (PValue(x) \u2192 ThresholdForBelief(x) \u2227 \u00acMetricOfEffect(x))", "conclusion": "P value represents the selection intensity for somatic variants in cancer cell lineages.", "conclusion-FOL": "SelectionIntensitySomaticVariants(pValue)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 669} +{"story_id": 236, "premises": "Cancer biology is finding genetic alterations that confer a selective advantage to cancer cells. \nCancer researchers have frequently ranked the importance of substitutions to cancer growth by the P value.\nP values are thresholds for belief, not metrics of effect. ", "premises-FOL": "Finding(cancerBiology, geneticAlteration) \u2227 Confer(geneticAlteration, selectiveAdvantage, toCancerCell)\n\u2203x \u2203y (CancerResearcher(x) \u2227 Ranked(x, importanceOfSubstitutionsToCancerGrowth) \u2227 PValue(y) \u2227 RankedBy(importanceOfSubstitutionsToCancerGrowth, y))\n\u2200x (PValue(x) \u2192 ThresholdForBelief(x) \u2227 \u00acMetricOfEffect(x))", "conclusion": "Cancer effect size is preferred by cancer researchers.", "conclusion-FOL": "Preferred(cancerResearchers, cancerEffectSize)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 670} +{"story_id": 236, "premises": "Cancer biology is finding genetic alterations that confer a selective advantage to cancer cells. \nCancer researchers have frequently ranked the importance of substitutions to cancer growth by the P value.\nP values are thresholds for belief, not metrics of effect. ", "premises-FOL": "Finding(cancerBiology, geneticAlteration) \u2227 Confer(geneticAlteration, selectiveAdvantage, toCancerCell)\n\u2203x \u2203y (CancerResearcher(x) \u2227 Ranked(x, importanceOfSubstitutionsToCancerGrowth) \u2227 PValue(y) \u2227 RankedBy(importanceOfSubstitutionsToCancerGrowth, y))\n\u2200x (PValue(x) \u2192 ThresholdForBelief(x) \u2227 \u00acMetricOfEffect(x))", "conclusion": "P values don't represent metrics of effect.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (PValue(x) \u2192 \u00acMetricsOfEffect(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 671} +{"story_id": 481, "premises": "All biodegradable things are environment-friendly. \nAll woodware is biodegradable.\nAll paper is woodware. \nNothing is a good thing and also a bad thing.\nAll environment-friendly things are good.\nA worksheet is either paper or environment-friendly.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Biodegradable(x) \u2192 EnvironmentFriendly(x))\n\u2200x (Woodware(x) \u2192 Biodegradable(x))\n\u2200x (Paper(x) \u2192 Woodware(x))\n\u00ac(\u2203x (Good(x) \u2227 Bad(x)))\n\u2200x (EnvironmentFriendly(x) \u2192 Good(x))\nPaper(worksheet) \u2295 EnvironmentFriendly(worksheet)", "conclusion": "A worksheet is biodegradable.", "conclusion-FOL": "Bioegradable(worksheet)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1402} +{"story_id": 481, "premises": "All biodegradable things are environment-friendly. \nAll woodware is biodegradable.\nAll paper is woodware. \nNothing is a good thing and also a bad thing.\nAll environment-friendly things are good.\nA worksheet is either paper or environment-friendly.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Biodegradable(x) \u2192 EnvironmentFriendly(x))\n\u2200x (Woodware(x) \u2192 Biodegradable(x))\n\u2200x (Paper(x) \u2192 Woodware(x))\n\u00ac(\u2203x (Good(x) \u2227 Bad(x)))\n\u2200x (EnvironmentFriendly(x) \u2192 Good(x))\nPaper(worksheet) \u2295 EnvironmentFriendly(worksheet)", "conclusion": "A worksheet is not biodegradable.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acBioegradable(worksheet)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1403} +{"story_id": 481, "premises": "All biodegradable things are environment-friendly. \nAll woodware is biodegradable.\nAll paper is woodware. \nNothing is a good thing and also a bad thing.\nAll environment-friendly things are good.\nA worksheet is either paper or environment-friendly.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Biodegradable(x) \u2192 EnvironmentFriendly(x))\n\u2200x (Woodware(x) \u2192 Biodegradable(x))\n\u2200x (Paper(x) \u2192 Woodware(x))\n\u00ac(\u2203x (Good(x) \u2227 Bad(x)))\n\u2200x (EnvironmentFriendly(x) \u2192 Good(x))\nPaper(worksheet) \u2295 EnvironmentFriendly(worksheet)", "conclusion": "A worksheet is bad.", "conclusion-FOL": "Bad(worksheet)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1404} +{"story_id": 481, "premises": "All biodegradable things are environment-friendly. \nAll woodware is biodegradable.\nAll paper is woodware. \nNothing is a good thing and also a bad thing.\nAll environment-friendly things are good.\nA worksheet is either paper or environment-friendly.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Biodegradable(x) \u2192 EnvironmentFriendly(x))\n\u2200x (Woodware(x) \u2192 Biodegradable(x))\n\u2200x (Paper(x) \u2192 Woodware(x))\n\u00ac(\u2203x (Good(x) \u2227 Bad(x)))\n\u2200x (EnvironmentFriendly(x) \u2192 Good(x))\nPaper(worksheet) \u2295 EnvironmentFriendly(worksheet)", "conclusion": "A worksheet is not bad.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acBad(worksheet)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1405} +{"story_id": 253, "premises": "No reptile has fur.\nAll snakes are reptiles.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Reptile(x) \u2192 \u00acHave(x, fur))\n\u2200x (Snake(x) \u2192 Reptile(x))", "conclusion": "Some snake has fur.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Snake(x) \u2227 Have(x, fur))", "label": "False", "example_id": 697} +{"story_id": 60, "premises": "All buildings in New Haven are not high.\nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are located in New Haven. \nAll buildings in Manhattans are high. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are located in Manhattans. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is managed by Yale Housing.\nTower B is with the Bloomberg logo.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, newHaven) \u2192 \u00acHigh(x))\n\u2200x (YaleHousing(x) \u2192 In(x, newHaven))\n\u2200x (In(x, manhattan) \u2192 High(x))\n\u2200x (Bloomberg(x) \u2192 In(x, manhattan))\n\u2200x (BloombergLogo(x) \u2192 Bloomberg(x))\nYaleHousing(tower-a)\nBloombergLogo(tower-b)", "conclusion": "Tower A is low.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acHigh(tower-a)", "label": "True", "example_id": 177} +{"story_id": 60, "premises": "All buildings in New Haven are not high.\nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are located in New Haven. \nAll buildings in Manhattans are high. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are located in Manhattans. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is managed by Yale Housing.\nTower B is with the Bloomberg logo.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, newHaven) \u2192 \u00acHigh(x))\n\u2200x (YaleHousing(x) \u2192 In(x, newHaven))\n\u2200x (In(x, manhattan) \u2192 High(x))\n\u2200x (Bloomberg(x) \u2192 In(x, manhattan))\n\u2200x (BloombergLogo(x) \u2192 Bloomberg(x))\nYaleHousing(tower-a)\nBloombergLogo(tower-b)", "conclusion": "Tower B is not located in Manhattans.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acIn(tower-b, manhattan)", "label": "False", "example_id": 178} +{"story_id": 60, "premises": "All buildings in New Haven are not high.\nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are located in New Haven. \nAll buildings in Manhattans are high. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are located in Manhattans. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is managed by Yale Housing.\nTower B is with the Bloomberg logo.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, newHaven) \u2192 \u00acHigh(x))\n\u2200x (YaleHousing(x) \u2192 In(x, newHaven))\n\u2200x (In(x, manhattan) \u2192 High(x))\n\u2200x (Bloomberg(x) \u2192 In(x, manhattan))\n\u2200x (BloombergLogo(x) \u2192 Bloomberg(x))\nYaleHousing(tower-a)\nBloombergLogo(tower-b)", "conclusion": "Tower B is located in New Haven.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acIn(tower-b, newHaven)", "label": "False", "example_id": 179} +{"story_id": 453, "premises": "No birds are ectothermic.\nAll penguins are birds.\nAn animal is ectothermic or endothermic.\nAll endothermic animals produce heat within the body.\nRon and Henry are both animals.\nRon is not a bird and does not produce heat with the body. \nHenry is not a cat and does not produce heat with the body. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Bird(x) \u2192 \u00acEctothermic(x))\n\u2200x (Penguin(x) \u2192 Bird(x))\n\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2192 Ectothermic(x) \u2228 Endothermic(x))\n\u2200x (Endothermic(x) \u2192 ProduceWithIn(x, heat, body))\nAnimal(ron) \u2227 Animal(henry)\n\u00acBird(ron) \u2227 \u00acProduceWithIn(ron, heat, body)\n\u00acCat(henry) \u2227 \u00acProduceWithIn(henry, heat, body)", "conclusion": "Ron is a cat.", "conclusion-FOL": "Cat(ron)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1304} +{"story_id": 453, "premises": "No birds are ectothermic.\nAll penguins are birds.\nAn animal is ectothermic or endothermic.\nAll endothermic animals produce heat within the body.\nRon and Henry are both animals.\nRon is not a bird and does not produce heat with the body. \nHenry is not a cat and does not produce heat with the body. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Bird(x) \u2192 \u00acEctothermic(x))\n\u2200x (Penguin(x) \u2192 Bird(x))\n\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2192 Ectothermic(x) \u2228 Endothermic(x))\n\u2200x (Endothermic(x) \u2192 ProduceWithIn(x, heat, body))\nAnimal(ron) \u2227 Animal(henry)\n\u00acBird(ron) \u2227 \u00acProduceWithIn(ron, heat, body)\n\u00acCat(henry) \u2227 \u00acProduceWithIn(henry, heat, body)", "conclusion": "Either Henry is a penguin or Henry is endothermic.", "conclusion-FOL": "Penguin(henry) \u2295 Endothermic(henry)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1305} +{"story_id": 453, "premises": "No birds are ectothermic.\nAll penguins are birds.\nAn animal is ectothermic or endothermic.\nAll endothermic animals produce heat within the body.\nRon and Henry are both animals.\nRon is not a bird and does not produce heat with the body. \nHenry is not a cat and does not produce heat with the body. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Bird(x) \u2192 \u00acEctothermic(x))\n\u2200x (Penguin(x) \u2192 Bird(x))\n\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2192 Ectothermic(x) \u2228 Endothermic(x))\n\u2200x (Endothermic(x) \u2192 ProduceWithIn(x, heat, body))\nAnimal(ron) \u2227 Animal(henry)\n\u00acBird(ron) \u2227 \u00acProduceWithIn(ron, heat, body)\n\u00acCat(henry) \u2227 \u00acProduceWithIn(henry, heat, body)", "conclusion": "Ron is either both a penguin and endothermic, or he is nether.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Penguin(ron) \u2295 Endothermic(henry))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1306} +{"story_id": 73, "premises": "Ambiortus is a prehistoric bird genus.\nAmbiortus Dementjevi is the only known species of Ambiortus.\nMongolia was where Ambiortus Dementjevi lived.\nYevgeny Kurochkin was the discoverer of Ambiortus.", "premises-FOL": "Prehistoric(ambiortus) \u2227 BirdGenus(ambiortus)\n\u2200x(KnownSpeciesOf(x, ambiortus) \u2192 IsSpecies(x, ambiortusDementjevi))\nLiveIn(ambiortusDementjevi, mongolia)\nDiscover(yevgenykurochkin, ambiortus)", "conclusion": "Yevgeny Kurochkin discovered a new bird genus.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Discover(yevgenykurochkin, x) \u2227 BirdGenus(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 221} +{"story_id": 73, "premises": "Ambiortus is a prehistoric bird genus.\nAmbiortus Dementjevi is the only known species of Ambiortus.\nMongolia was where Ambiortus Dementjevi lived.\nYevgeny Kurochkin was the discoverer of Ambiortus.", "premises-FOL": "Prehistoric(ambiortus) \u2227 BirdGenus(ambiortus)\n\u2200x(KnownSpeciesOf(x, ambiortus) \u2192 IsSpecies(x, ambiortusDementjevi))\nLiveIn(ambiortusDementjevi, mongolia)\nDiscover(yevgenykurochkin, ambiortus)", "conclusion": "There is a species of Ambiortus that doesn't live in Mongolia.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (KnownSpeciesOf(x, ambiortus) \u2227 \u00acLiveIn(x, mongolia))", "label": "False", "example_id": 222} +{"story_id": 73, "premises": "Ambiortus is a prehistoric bird genus.\nAmbiortus Dementjevi is the only known species of Ambiortus.\nMongolia was where Ambiortus Dementjevi lived.\nYevgeny Kurochkin was the discoverer of Ambiortus.", "premises-FOL": "Prehistoric(ambiortus) \u2227 BirdGenus(ambiortus)\n\u2200x(KnownSpeciesOf(x, ambiortus) \u2192 IsSpecies(x, ambiortusDementjevi))\nLiveIn(ambiortusDementjevi, mongolia)\nDiscover(yevgenykurochkin, ambiortus)", "conclusion": "Yevgeny Kurochkin lived in Mongolia.", "conclusion-FOL": "LiveIn(yevgenykurochkin, mongolia)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 223} +{"story_id": 73, "premises": "Ambiortus is a prehistoric bird genus.\nAmbiortus Dementjevi is the only known species of Ambiortus.\nMongolia was where Ambiortus Dementjevi lived.\nYevgeny Kurochkin was the discoverer of Ambiortus.", "premises-FOL": "Prehistoric(ambiortus) \u2227 BirdGenus(ambiortus)\n\u2200x(KnownSpeciesOf(x, ambiortus) \u2192 IsSpecies(x, ambiortusDementjevi))\nLiveIn(ambiortusDementjevi, mongolia)\nDiscover(yevgenykurochkin, ambiortus)", "conclusion": "All species of Ambiortus live in Mongolia.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (SpeciesOf(x, ambiortus) \u2192 LiveIn(x, mongolia))", "label": "True", "example_id": 224} +{"story_id": 448, "premises": "Everyone that knows about breath-first-search knows how to use a queue. \nIf someone is a seasoned software engineer interviewer at Google, then they know what breath-first-search is. \nSomeone is either a seasoned software engineer interviewer at Google, has human rights, or both. \nEvery person who has human rights is entitled to the right to life and liberty. \nEveryone that knows how to use a queue knows about the first-in-first-out data structure. \nEveryone that is entitled to the right to life and liberty cannot be deprived of their rights without due process of law. \nJack is entitled to the right to life and liberty, has human rights, or knows about the first-in-first-out data structure. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Know(x, breathFirstSearch) \u2192 Know(x, howToUseQueue))\n\u2200x (Seasoned(x) \u2227 SoftwareEngineerInterviewer(x) \u2227 At(x, google) \u2192 Know(x, breathFirstSearch))\n\u2200x ((Seasoned(x) \u2227 SoftwareEngineerInterviewer(x) \u2227 At(x, google)) \u2228 Have(x, humanRights))\n\u2200x (Have(x, humanRights) \u2192 EntitledTo(x, rightToLifeAndLiberty))\n\u2200x (Know(x, howToUseQueue) \u2192 Know(x, firstInFirstOutDataStructure))\n\u2200x (EntitledTo(x, rightToLifeAndLiberty) \u2192 \u00acDeprivedOfWithout(x, rights, dueProcessOfLaw))\n(EntitledTo(jack, rightToLifeAndLiberty) \u2228 Have(jack, humanRights) \u2228 Know(jack, firstInFirstOutDataStructure))", "conclusion": "Jack is a seasoned software engineer interviewer.", "conclusion-FOL": "Seasoned(jack) \u2227 SoftwareEngineerInterviewer(jack) \u2227 At(jack, google)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1289} +{"story_id": 448, "premises": "Everyone that knows about breath-first-search knows how to use a queue. \nIf someone is a seasoned software engineer interviewer at Google, then they know what breath-first-search is. \nSomeone is either a seasoned software engineer interviewer at Google, has human rights, or both. \nEvery person who has human rights is entitled to the right to life and liberty. \nEveryone that knows how to use a queue knows about the first-in-first-out data structure. \nEveryone that is entitled to the right to life and liberty cannot be deprived of their rights without due process of law. \nJack is entitled to the right to life and liberty, has human rights, or knows about the first-in-first-out data structure. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Know(x, breathFirstSearch) \u2192 Know(x, howToUseQueue))\n\u2200x (Seasoned(x) \u2227 SoftwareEngineerInterviewer(x) \u2227 At(x, google) \u2192 Know(x, breathFirstSearch))\n\u2200x ((Seasoned(x) \u2227 SoftwareEngineerInterviewer(x) \u2227 At(x, google)) \u2228 Have(x, humanRights))\n\u2200x (Have(x, humanRights) \u2192 EntitledTo(x, rightToLifeAndLiberty))\n\u2200x (Know(x, howToUseQueue) \u2192 Know(x, firstInFirstOutDataStructure))\n\u2200x (EntitledTo(x, rightToLifeAndLiberty) \u2192 \u00acDeprivedOfWithout(x, rights, dueProcessOfLaw))\n(EntitledTo(jack, rightToLifeAndLiberty) \u2228 Have(jack, humanRights) \u2228 Know(jack, firstInFirstOutDataStructure))", "conclusion": "Jack cannot be deprived of their rights without due process of law.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acDeprivedOfWithout(jack, rights, dueProcessOfLaw)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1290} +{"story_id": 448, "premises": "Everyone that knows about breath-first-search knows how to use a queue. \nIf someone is a seasoned software engineer interviewer at Google, then they know what breath-first-search is. \nSomeone is either a seasoned software engineer interviewer at Google, has human rights, or both. \nEvery person who has human rights is entitled to the right to life and liberty. \nEveryone that knows how to use a queue knows about the first-in-first-out data structure. \nEveryone that is entitled to the right to life and liberty cannot be deprived of their rights without due process of law. \nJack is entitled to the right to life and liberty, has human rights, or knows about the first-in-first-out data structure. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Know(x, breathFirstSearch) \u2192 Know(x, howToUseQueue))\n\u2200x (Seasoned(x) \u2227 SoftwareEngineerInterviewer(x) \u2227 At(x, google) \u2192 Know(x, breathFirstSearch))\n\u2200x ((Seasoned(x) \u2227 SoftwareEngineerInterviewer(x) \u2227 At(x, google)) \u2228 Have(x, humanRights))\n\u2200x (Have(x, humanRights) \u2192 EntitledTo(x, rightToLifeAndLiberty))\n\u2200x (Know(x, howToUseQueue) \u2192 Know(x, firstInFirstOutDataStructure))\n\u2200x (EntitledTo(x, rightToLifeAndLiberty) \u2192 \u00acDeprivedOfWithout(x, rights, dueProcessOfLaw))\n(EntitledTo(jack, rightToLifeAndLiberty) \u2228 Have(jack, humanRights) \u2228 Know(jack, firstInFirstOutDataStructure))", "conclusion": "Jack can be deprived of their rights without due process of law.", "conclusion-FOL": "DeprivedOfWithout(jack, rights, dueProcessOfLaw)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1291} +{"story_id": 3, "premises": "Fort Ticonderoga is the current name for Fort Carillon.\nPierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil built Fort Carillon.\nFort Carillon was located in New France.\nNew France is not in Europe.", "premises-FOL": "RenamedAs(fortCarillon, fortTiconderoga)\nBuilt(pierredeRigauddeVaudreuil, fortCarillon)\nLocatedIn(fortCarillon, newFrance)\n\u00acLocatedIn(newFrance, europe) ", "conclusion": "Pierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil built a fort in New France.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Built(pierredeRigauddeVaudreuil, x) \u2227 LocatedIn(x, newFrance))", "label": "True", "example_id": 7} +{"story_id": 3, "premises": "Fort Ticonderoga is the current name for Fort Carillon.\nPierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil built Fort Carillon.\nFort Carillon was located in New France.\nNew France is not in Europe.", "premises-FOL": "RenamedAs(fortCarillon, fortTiconderoga)\nBuilt(pierredeRigauddeVaudreuil, fortCarillon)\nLocatedIn(fortCarillon, newFrance)\n\u00acLocatedIn(newFrance, europe) ", "conclusion": "Pierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil built a fort in New England.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Built(pierredeRigauddeVaudreuil, x) \u2227 LocatedIn(x, newEngland))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 8} +{"story_id": 3, "premises": "Fort Ticonderoga is the current name for Fort Carillon.\nPierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil built Fort Carillon.\nFort Carillon was located in New France.\nNew France is not in Europe.", "premises-FOL": "RenamedAs(fortCarillon, fortTiconderoga)\nBuilt(pierredeRigauddeVaudreuil, fortCarillon)\nLocatedIn(fortCarillon, newFrance)\n\u00acLocatedIn(newFrance, europe) ", "conclusion": "Fort Carillon was located in Europe.", "conclusion-FOL": "LocatedIn(fortCarillon, europe)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 9} +{"story_id": 328, "premises": "No soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nAll centerback players are soccer defenders.\nIf Stephen Curry is an NBA player or a soccer player, then he is a professional basketball player.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalCenterback(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x))\n(NBAPlayer(stephencurry) \u2295 ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(stephencurry)) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(stephencurry)", "conclusion": "Stephen Curry is an NBA player.", "conclusion-FOL": "NBAPlayer(stephenCurry)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 840} +{"story_id": 328, "premises": "No soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nAll centerback players are soccer defenders.\nIf Stephen Curry is an NBA player or a soccer player, then he is a professional basketball player.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalCenterback(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x))\n(NBAPlayer(stephencurry) \u2295 ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(stephencurry)) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(stephencurry)", "conclusion": "Stephen Curry is a centerback player.", "conclusion-FOL": "ProfessionalCenterback(stephenCurry)", "label": "False", "example_id": 841} +{"story_id": 328, "premises": "No soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nAll centerback players are soccer defenders.\nIf Stephen Curry is an NBA player or a soccer player, then he is a professional basketball player.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalCenterback(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x))\n(NBAPlayer(stephencurry) \u2295 ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(stephencurry)) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(stephencurry)", "conclusion": "Stephen Curry is not a centerback player.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acProfessionalCenterback(stephenCurry)", "label": "True", "example_id": 842} +{"story_id": 484, "premises": "No songs are visuals. \nAll folk songs are songs. \nAll videos are visuals. \nAll movies are videos.\nAll sci-fi movies are movies.\nInception is a sci-fi movie.\nMac is neither a folk song nor a sci-fi movie.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Song(x) \u2192 \u00acVisual(x))\n\u2200x (FolkSong(x) \u2192 Song(x))\n\u2200x (Video(x) \u2192 Visual(x))\n\u2200x (Movie(x) \u2192 Video(x))\n\u2200x (ScifiMovie(x) \u2192 Movie(x))\nScifiMovie(inception)\n\u00acFolkSong(mac) \u2227 \u00acScifiMovie(mac)", "conclusion": "Inception is a folk song.", "conclusion-FOL": "FolkSong(inception)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1415} +{"story_id": 484, "premises": "No songs are visuals. \nAll folk songs are songs. \nAll videos are visuals. \nAll movies are videos.\nAll sci-fi movies are movies.\nInception is a sci-fi movie.\nMac is neither a folk song nor a sci-fi movie.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Song(x) \u2192 \u00acVisual(x))\n\u2200x (FolkSong(x) \u2192 Song(x))\n\u2200x (Video(x) \u2192 Visual(x))\n\u2200x (Movie(x) \u2192 Video(x))\n\u2200x (ScifiMovie(x) \u2192 Movie(x))\nScifiMovie(inception)\n\u00acFolkSong(mac) \u2227 \u00acScifiMovie(mac)", "conclusion": "Inception is not a folk song.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acFolkSong(inception)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1416} +{"story_id": 484, "premises": "No songs are visuals. \nAll folk songs are songs. \nAll videos are visuals. \nAll movies are videos.\nAll sci-fi movies are movies.\nInception is a sci-fi movie.\nMac is neither a folk song nor a sci-fi movie.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Song(x) \u2192 \u00acVisual(x))\n\u2200x (FolkSong(x) \u2192 Song(x))\n\u2200x (Video(x) \u2192 Visual(x))\n\u2200x (Movie(x) \u2192 Video(x))\n\u2200x (ScifiMovie(x) \u2192 Movie(x))\nScifiMovie(inception)\n\u00acFolkSong(mac) \u2227 \u00acScifiMovie(mac)", "conclusion": "Inception is either a video or a folk song.", "conclusion-FOL": "Video(inception) \u2295 FolkSong(inception)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1417} +{"story_id": 484, "premises": "No songs are visuals. \nAll folk songs are songs. \nAll videos are visuals. \nAll movies are videos.\nAll sci-fi movies are movies.\nInception is a sci-fi movie.\nMac is neither a folk song nor a sci-fi movie.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Song(x) \u2192 \u00acVisual(x))\n\u2200x (FolkSong(x) \u2192 Song(x))\n\u2200x (Video(x) \u2192 Visual(x))\n\u2200x (Movie(x) \u2192 Video(x))\n\u2200x (ScifiMovie(x) \u2192 Movie(x))\nScifiMovie(inception)\n\u00acFolkSong(mac) \u2227 \u00acScifiMovie(mac)", "conclusion": "Mac is a video.", "conclusion-FOL": "Video(mac)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1418} +{"story_id": 393, "premises": "All inductive reasoning processes derive general principles from a body of observations.\nTwo major types of reasoning rules are inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. \nAll deductive reasoning processes are only based on facts and rules. \nNothing only based on facts and rules is used for statistical generalization. \nModus Ponens is not both used in inductive reasoning and used for statistical generalization. \nModus Ponens is a component of a major part of reasoning rule. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InductiveReasoning(x) \u2192 DeriveFrom(generalPrinciple, observations))\n\u2200x (MajorArgumentForm(x) \u2192 (InductiveReasoning(x) \u2295 DeductiveReasoning(x))\n\u2200x (DeductiveReasoning(x) \u2192 (BasedOn(x, fact) \u2228 BasedOn(x, rule)))\n\u2200x ((BasedOn(x, fact) \u2228 BasedOn(x, rule)) \u2192 (\u00acUsedFor(x, statisticalGeneralization)))\n\u00ac(InductiveReasoning(modusPonens) \u2227 UsedFor(modusPonens, statisticalGeneralization))\nArgumentForm(modusPonens)", "conclusion": "Reasoning with Modus Ponens is based on facts and rules.", "conclusion-FOL": "BasedOn(x, fact) \u2228 BasedOn(x, rule)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1060} +{"story_id": 393, "premises": "All inductive reasoning processes derive general principles from a body of observations.\nTwo major types of reasoning rules are inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. \nAll deductive reasoning processes are only based on facts and rules. \nNothing only based on facts and rules is used for statistical generalization. \nModus Ponens is not both used in inductive reasoning and used for statistical generalization. \nModus Ponens is a component of a major part of reasoning rule. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InductiveReasoning(x) \u2192 DeriveFrom(generalPrinciple, observations))\n\u2200x (MajorArgumentForm(x) \u2192 (InductiveReasoning(x) \u2295 DeductiveReasoning(x))\n\u2200x (DeductiveReasoning(x) \u2192 (BasedOn(x, fact) \u2228 BasedOn(x, rule)))\n\u2200x ((BasedOn(x, fact) \u2228 BasedOn(x, rule)) \u2192 (\u00acUsedFor(x, statisticalGeneralization)))\n\u00ac(InductiveReasoning(modusPonens) \u2227 UsedFor(modusPonens, statisticalGeneralization))\nArgumentForm(modusPonens)", "conclusion": "Modus Ponens derives general principles from a body of observations and is used for statistical generalization.", "conclusion-FOL": "DeriveFrom(generalPrinciple, observations) \u2227 UsedFor(x, statisticalGeneralization)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1061} +{"story_id": 393, "premises": "All inductive reasoning processes derive general principles from a body of observations.\nTwo major types of reasoning rules are inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. \nAll deductive reasoning processes are only based on facts and rules. \nNothing only based on facts and rules is used for statistical generalization. \nModus Ponens is not both used in inductive reasoning and used for statistical generalization. \nModus Ponens is a component of a major part of reasoning rule. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InductiveReasoning(x) \u2192 DeriveFrom(generalPrinciple, observations))\n\u2200x (MajorArgumentForm(x) \u2192 (InductiveReasoning(x) \u2295 DeductiveReasoning(x))\n\u2200x (DeductiveReasoning(x) \u2192 (BasedOn(x, fact) \u2228 BasedOn(x, rule)))\n\u2200x ((BasedOn(x, fact) \u2228 BasedOn(x, rule)) \u2192 (\u00acUsedFor(x, statisticalGeneralization)))\n\u00ac(InductiveReasoning(modusPonens) \u2227 UsedFor(modusPonens, statisticalGeneralization))\nArgumentForm(modusPonens)", "conclusion": "If Modus Ponens either derives general principles from a body of observations and is used for statistical generalization, or neither, then Modus Ponens is is neither used in inductive reasoning nor used for statistical generalization.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Derive(generalPrinciple, observations) \u2295 UsedFor(x, statisticalGeneralization)) \u2192 (\u00acInductiveReasoning(modusPonens) \u2227 (\u00acUsedFor(modusPonens, statisticalGeneralization)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1062} +{"story_id": 408, "premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 TrickShotArtist(x)) \u2192 \u00acStruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot))\n\u2200x (In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2192 (StruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot) \u2228 GoodAt(x, threes)))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, threes)) \u2192 GoodAt(x, twos))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, twos)) \u2192 BadAt(x, midRangeShot))\nIn(jack, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 (TrickShotArtist(jack) \u2295 GoodAt(jack, threes))", "conclusion": "Jack struggles at half court shots.", "conclusion-FOL": "StruggleAt(jack, halfCourtShot)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1133} +{"story_id": 408, "premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 TrickShotArtist(x)) \u2192 \u00acStruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot))\n\u2200x (In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2192 (StruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot) \u2228 GoodAt(x, threes)))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, threes)) \u2192 GoodAt(x, twos))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, twos)) \u2192 BadAt(x, midRangeShot))\nIn(jack, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 (TrickShotArtist(jack) \u2295 GoodAt(jack, threes))", "conclusion": "Jack is bad at mid-range shots.", "conclusion-FOL": "BadAt(jack, midRangeShot)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1134} +{"story_id": 408, "premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 TrickShotArtist(x)) \u2192 \u00acStruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot))\n\u2200x (In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2192 (StruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot) \u2228 GoodAt(x, threes)))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, threes)) \u2192 GoodAt(x, twos))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, twos)) \u2192 BadAt(x, midRangeShot))\nIn(jack, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 (TrickShotArtist(jack) \u2295 GoodAt(jack, threes))", "conclusion": "Jack is solid at shooting 2-pointers or bad at mid-range shots.", "conclusion-FOL": "GoodAt(jack, twos) \u2228 BadAt(jack, midRangeShot)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1135} +{"story_id": 408, "premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 TrickShotArtist(x)) \u2192 \u00acStruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot))\n\u2200x (In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2192 (StruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot) \u2228 GoodAt(x, threes)))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, threes)) \u2192 GoodAt(x, twos))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, twos)) \u2192 BadAt(x, midRangeShot))\nIn(jack, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 (TrickShotArtist(jack) \u2295 GoodAt(jack, threes))", "conclusion": "Jack is either solid at shooting 2-pointers or bad at mid-range shots.", "conclusion-FOL": "GoodAt(jack, twos) \u2295 BadAt(jack, midRangeShot)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1136} +{"story_id": 408, "premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 TrickShotArtist(x)) \u2192 \u00acStruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot))\n\u2200x (In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2192 (StruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot) \u2228 GoodAt(x, threes)))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, threes)) \u2192 GoodAt(x, twos))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, twos)) \u2192 BadAt(x, midRangeShot))\nIn(jack, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 (TrickShotArtist(jack) \u2295 GoodAt(jack, threes))", "conclusion": "Jack is a trick-shot artist or bad at mid-range shots.", "conclusion-FOL": "TrickShotArtist(jack) \u2228 BadAt(jack, midRangeShot))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1137} +{"story_id": 408, "premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 TrickShotArtist(x)) \u2192 \u00acStruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot))\n\u2200x (In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2192 (StruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot) \u2228 GoodAt(x, threes)))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, threes)) \u2192 GoodAt(x, twos))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, twos)) \u2192 BadAt(x, midRangeShot))\nIn(jack, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 (TrickShotArtist(jack) \u2295 GoodAt(jack, threes))", "conclusion": "Jack is either a trick-shot artist or bad at mid-range shots.", "conclusion-FOL": "TrickShotArtist(jack) \u2295 BadAt(jack, midRangeShots)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1138} +{"story_id": 408, "premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 TrickShotArtist(x)) \u2192 \u00acStruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot))\n\u2200x (In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2192 (StruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot) \u2228 GoodAt(x, threes)))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, threes)) \u2192 GoodAt(x, twos))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, twos)) \u2192 BadAt(x, midRangeShot))\nIn(jack, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 (TrickShotArtist(jack) \u2295 GoodAt(jack, threes))", "conclusion": "Jack is either a player who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers or is bad at mid-range shots.", "conclusion-FOL": "GoodAt(jack, threes) \u2295 BadAt(jack, midRangeShot)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1139} +{"story_id": 408, "premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 TrickShotArtist(x)) \u2192 \u00acStruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot))\n\u2200x (In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2192 (StruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot) \u2228 GoodAt(x, threes)))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, threes)) \u2192 GoodAt(x, twos))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, twos)) \u2192 BadAt(x, midRangeShot))\nIn(jack, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 (TrickShotArtist(jack) \u2295 GoodAt(jack, threes))", "conclusion": "If Jack is not solid at shooting 2-pointers and bad at mid-range shots, then Jack is not solid at shooting 2-pointers and is a player who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", "conclusion-FOL": "BadAt(jack, midRangeShot) \u2227 GoodAt(jack, twos) \u2192 \u00acGoodAt(jack, twos) \u2227 GoodAt(jack, threes)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1140} +{"story_id": 408, "premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 TrickShotArtist(x)) \u2192 \u00acStruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot))\n\u2200x (In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2192 (StruggleAt(x, halfCourtShot) \u2228 GoodAt(x, threes)))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, threes)) \u2192 GoodAt(x, twos))\n\u2200x ((In(x, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 GoodAt(x, twos)) \u2192 BadAt(x, midRangeShot))\nIn(jack, yaleSVarsityTeam) \u2227 (TrickShotArtist(jack) \u2295 GoodAt(jack, threes))", "conclusion": "If Jack is solid at shooting 2-pointers or successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers, then Jack struggles at half court shots and is bad at mid-range shots.", "conclusion-FOL": "GoodAt(jack, twos) \u2228 GoodAt(jack, threes) \u2192 BadAt(jack, halfCourtShot) \u2227 BadAt(jack, midRangeShot)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1141} +{"story_id": 271, "premises": "No plants are fungi.\nMushrooms are fungi.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Plant(x) \u2192 \u00acFungi(x))\n\u2200x (Mushroom(x) \u2192 Fungi(x))", "conclusion": "No plants are mushrooms.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Plant(x) \u2192 \u00acMushroom(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 715} +{"story_id": 291, "premises": "No road is dustless.\nSome streets are roads.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Road(x) \u2192 \u00acDustless(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Street(x) \u2227 Street(y) \u2227 Road(x) \u2227 Road(y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "conclusion": "Some streets are dustless.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Street(x) \u2227 Street(y) \u2227 Dustless(x) \u2227 Dustless(y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 735} +{"story_id": 222, "premises": "New York City is located on the East Coast. \nSeattle is located on the West Coast. \nIf a person is somewhere located on the East coast and is traveling to somewhere located on the west coast, they will be on a long flight.\nPeople in business class from New York City to Seattle are not in first class.\nPeople on long flights are uncomfortable unless they're in first class.", "premises-FOL": "LocatedOn(newYorkCity, eastCoast)\nLocatedOn(seattle, westCoast)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((TravelingFrom(x, y) \u2227 LocatedOn(y, eastcoast) \u2227 TravelingTo(x, z) \u2227 LocatedOn(z, westcoast)) \u2192 OnLongFlight(x))\n\u2200x (InBuisnessClass(x) \u2227 TravelingTo(x, seattle) \u2227 TravelingFrom(x, newYorkCity) \u2192 \u00acInFirstClass(x))\n\u2200x (OnLongFlight(x) \u2227 \u00acInFirstClass(x) \u2192 Uncomfortable(x))", "conclusion": "People traveling in business class from New York City to Seattle will be uncomfortable.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (TravelingTo(x, seattle) \u2227 TravelingFrom(x, newYorkCity) \u2227 uncomfortable(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 628} +{"story_id": 118, "premises": "Musicians have very busy lives.\nSingh Kaur is a musician and famous.\nIf a musician is not famous, that musician will not make a lot of money.\nA musician can be a singer or a writer.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Musician(x) \u2192 Have(x, busyLife))\nMusician(singhKaur) \u2227 Famous(singhKaur)\n\u2200x (Musician(x) \u2227 \u00acFamous(x) \u2192 \u00acMakeALotOfMoney(x))\n\u2203x (Musician(x) \u2227 (Singer(x) \u2228 Writer(x)))", "conclusion": "Singh Kaur makes a lot of money.", "conclusion-FOL": "MakeALotOfMoney(singhKaur)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 355} +{"story_id": 118, "premises": "Musicians have very busy lives.\nSingh Kaur is a musician and famous.\nIf a musician is not famous, that musician will not make a lot of money.\nA musician can be a singer or a writer.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Musician(x) \u2192 Have(x, busyLife))\nMusician(singhKaur) \u2227 Famous(singhKaur)\n\u2200x (Musician(x) \u2227 \u00acFamous(x) \u2192 \u00acMakeALotOfMoney(x))\n\u2203x (Musician(x) \u2227 (Singer(x) \u2228 Writer(x)))", "conclusion": "Singh Kaur is a writer.", "conclusion-FOL": "Writer(singhKaur)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 356} +{"story_id": 118, "premises": "Musicians have very busy lives.\nSingh Kaur is a musician and famous.\nIf a musician is not famous, that musician will not make a lot of money.\nA musician can be a singer or a writer.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Musician(x) \u2192 Have(x, busyLife))\nMusician(singhKaur) \u2227 Famous(singhKaur)\n\u2200x (Musician(x) \u2227 \u00acFamous(x) \u2192 \u00acMakeALotOfMoney(x))\n\u2203x (Musician(x) \u2227 (Singer(x) \u2228 Writer(x)))", "conclusion": "Singh Kaur has a very busy life.", "conclusion-FOL": "Have(singhKaur, busyLife)", "label": "True", "example_id": 357} +{"story_id": 284, "premises": "Each building is tall. \nEverything tall has height.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Building(x) \u2192 Tall(x))\n\u2200x (Tall(x) \u2192 Height(x))", "conclusion": "All buildings are magnificent.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Building(x) \u2192 Magnificent(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 728} +{"story_id": 126, "premises": "A cat named Garfield, the main character of the film Garfield, is orange and fat and likes having lasagna. \nGarfield shares a home with Odie, another pet of Jon's. \nGarfield hates Odie.\nA pet who hates the pet with whom he shares the same owner is childish and possessive.", "premises-FOL": "Cat(garfield) \u2227 MainCharacterOf(garfield, filmGarfield) \u2227 Orange(garfield) \u2227 Fat(garfield) \u2227 Like(garfield, lasagna)\nPetOf(garfield, jon) \u2227 PetOf(odie, jon) \u2227 ShareHomeWith(garfield, odie)\nHate(garfield, odie)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2203z (PetOf(x, z) \u2227 PetOf(y, z) \u2227 Hate(x, y) \u2192 Childish(x) \u2227 Possessive(x))", "conclusion": "The main character of the film Garfield is childish and possessive.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (MainCharacterOf(x, garfield) \u2227 Childish(x) \u2227 Possessive(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 375} +{"story_id": 474, "premises": "All humans are capable of abstract thoughts.\nPlants are not capable of abstract thoughts.\nAll multicellular creatures that are autotrophic or digest food internally are plants and animals.\nAll goats are animals.\nDirt is not an animal.\nHulu is a goat or a human.\nHulu is a multicellular creature that is autotrophic or digests food internally. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Human(x) \u2192 CapableOf(x, abstractThought))\n\u2200x (Plant(x) \u2192 \u00acCapableOf(x, abstractThought))\n\u2200x (MulticellularCreature(x) \u2227 (Autotrophic(x) \u2228 DigestFoodInternally (x)) \u2192 Plant(x) \u2295 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Goat(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Dirt(x) \u2192 \u00acAnimal(x))\nGoat(hulu) \u2228 HumanBeing(hulu)\n(MulticellularCreature(hulu) \u2227 (Autotrophic(hulu) \u2228 DigestFoodInternally (hulu))", "conclusion": "Hulu is capable of abstract thoughts.", "conclusion-FOL": "CapableOf(hulu, abstractThought)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1372} +{"story_id": 474, "premises": "All humans are capable of abstract thoughts.\nPlants are not capable of abstract thoughts.\nAll multicellular creatures that are autotrophic or digest food internally are plants and animals.\nAll goats are animals.\nDirt is not an animal.\nHulu is a goat or a human.\nHulu is a multicellular creature that is autotrophic or digests food internally. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Human(x) \u2192 CapableOf(x, abstractThought))\n\u2200x (Plant(x) \u2192 \u00acCapableOf(x, abstractThought))\n\u2200x (MulticellularCreature(x) \u2227 (Autotrophic(x) \u2228 DigestFoodInternally (x)) \u2192 Plant(x) \u2295 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Goat(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Dirt(x) \u2192 \u00acAnimal(x))\nGoat(hulu) \u2228 HumanBeing(hulu)\n(MulticellularCreature(hulu) \u2227 (Autotrophic(hulu) \u2228 DigestFoodInternally (hulu))", "conclusion": "Hulu is not capable of abstract thoughts.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acCapableOf(hulu, abstractThought)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1373} +{"story_id": 474, "premises": "All humans are capable of abstract thoughts.\nPlants are not capable of abstract thoughts.\nAll multicellular creatures that are autotrophic or digest food internally are plants and animals.\nAll goats are animals.\nDirt is not an animal.\nHulu is a goat or a human.\nHulu is a multicellular creature that is autotrophic or digests food internally. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Human(x) \u2192 CapableOf(x, abstractThought))\n\u2200x (Plant(x) \u2192 \u00acCapableOf(x, abstractThought))\n\u2200x (MulticellularCreature(x) \u2227 (Autotrophic(x) \u2228 DigestFoodInternally (x)) \u2192 Plant(x) \u2295 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Goat(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Dirt(x) \u2192 \u00acAnimal(x))\nGoat(hulu) \u2228 HumanBeing(hulu)\n(MulticellularCreature(hulu) \u2227 (Autotrophic(hulu) \u2228 DigestFoodInternally (hulu))", "conclusion": "Hulu is dirt.", "conclusion-FOL": "Dirt(hulu)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1374} +{"story_id": 474, "premises": "All humans are capable of abstract thoughts.\nPlants are not capable of abstract thoughts.\nAll multicellular creatures that are autotrophic or digest food internally are plants and animals.\nAll goats are animals.\nDirt is not an animal.\nHulu is a goat or a human.\nHulu is a multicellular creature that is autotrophic or digests food internally. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Human(x) \u2192 CapableOf(x, abstractThought))\n\u2200x (Plant(x) \u2192 \u00acCapableOf(x, abstractThought))\n\u2200x (MulticellularCreature(x) \u2227 (Autotrophic(x) \u2228 DigestFoodInternally (x)) \u2192 Plant(x) \u2295 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Goat(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Dirt(x) \u2192 \u00acAnimal(x))\nGoat(hulu) \u2228 HumanBeing(hulu)\n(MulticellularCreature(hulu) \u2227 (Autotrophic(hulu) \u2228 DigestFoodInternally (hulu))", "conclusion": "Hulu is an animal or dirt.", "conclusion-FOL": "Animal(hulu) \u2228 Dirt(hulu)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1375} +{"story_id": 474, "premises": "All humans are capable of abstract thoughts.\nPlants are not capable of abstract thoughts.\nAll multicellular creatures that are autotrophic or digest food internally are plants and animals.\nAll goats are animals.\nDirt is not an animal.\nHulu is a goat or a human.\nHulu is a multicellular creature that is autotrophic or digests food internally. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Human(x) \u2192 CapableOf(x, abstractThought))\n\u2200x (Plant(x) \u2192 \u00acCapableOf(x, abstractThought))\n\u2200x (MulticellularCreature(x) \u2227 (Autotrophic(x) \u2228 DigestFoodInternally (x)) \u2192 Plant(x) \u2295 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Goat(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Dirt(x) \u2192 \u00acAnimal(x))\nGoat(hulu) \u2228 HumanBeing(hulu)\n(MulticellularCreature(hulu) \u2227 (Autotrophic(hulu) \u2228 DigestFoodInternally (hulu))", "conclusion": "Hulu is either an animal or dirt, but not both.", "conclusion-FOL": "Animal(hulu) \u2295 Dirt(hulu)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1376} +{"story_id": 474, "premises": "All humans are capable of abstract thoughts.\nPlants are not capable of abstract thoughts.\nAll multicellular creatures that are autotrophic or digest food internally are plants and animals.\nAll goats are animals.\nDirt is not an animal.\nHulu is a goat or a human.\nHulu is a multicellular creature that is autotrophic or digests food internally. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Human(x) \u2192 CapableOf(x, abstractThought))\n\u2200x (Plant(x) \u2192 \u00acCapableOf(x, abstractThought))\n\u2200x (MulticellularCreature(x) \u2227 (Autotrophic(x) \u2228 DigestFoodInternally (x)) \u2192 Plant(x) \u2295 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Goat(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Dirt(x) \u2192 \u00acAnimal(x))\nGoat(hulu) \u2228 HumanBeing(hulu)\n(MulticellularCreature(hulu) \u2227 (Autotrophic(hulu) \u2228 DigestFoodInternally (hulu))", "conclusion": "If Hulu is either an animal or dirt, then Hulu is capable of abstract thoughts and is dirt.", "conclusion-FOL": "Animal(hulu) \u2295 Dirt(hulu) \u2192 CapableOf(hulu, abstractThought) \u2227 Dirt(hulu)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1377} +{"story_id": 47, "premises": "A controlled substance is a drug.\nThere exist both harmful and beneficial controlled substances.\nIf a child is exposed to a controlled substance, they are in chemical endangerment.\nChemical Endangerment is harmful. \nThe Controlled Substances Act was an act passed in 1971.\nSome Acts prevent harmful things.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ControlledSubstances(x) \u2192 Drugs(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (ControlledSubstances(x) \u2227 ControlledSubstances(y) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Beneficial(x) \u2227 Harmful(y))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Child(x) \u2227 ControlledSubstances(y) \u2227 ExposedTo(x, y)) \u2192 InChemicalEndangerment(x))\n\u2200x (InChemicalEndangerment(x) \u2192 Harmful(x))\nPassedIn(controlledSubstancesAct, yr1971) \u2227 Act(controlledSubstancesAct)\n\u2203x \u2203y(Act(x) \u2227 PreventsHarm(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Act(y) \u2227 PreventsHarm(y))", "conclusion": "The Controlled Substances Act prevents harmful things.", "conclusion-FOL": "PreventsHarm(controlledSubstancesAct)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 135} +{"story_id": 47, "premises": "A controlled substance is a drug.\nThere exist both harmful and beneficial controlled substances.\nIf a child is exposed to a controlled substance, they are in chemical endangerment.\nChemical Endangerment is harmful. \nThe Controlled Substances Act was an act passed in 1971.\nSome Acts prevent harmful things.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ControlledSubstances(x) \u2192 Drugs(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (ControlledSubstances(x) \u2227 ControlledSubstances(y) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Beneficial(x) \u2227 Harmful(y))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Child(x) \u2227 ControlledSubstances(y) \u2227 ExposedTo(x, y)) \u2192 InChemicalEndangerment(x))\n\u2200x (InChemicalEndangerment(x) \u2192 Harmful(x))\nPassedIn(controlledSubstancesAct, yr1971) \u2227 Act(controlledSubstancesAct)\n\u2203x \u2203y(Act(x) \u2227 PreventsHarm(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Act(y) \u2227 PreventsHarm(y))", "conclusion": "Some drugs are beneficial.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y(Drugs(x) \u2227 Beneficial(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Drugs(y) \u2227 Beneficial(y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 136} +{"story_id": 47, "premises": "A controlled substance is a drug.\nThere exist both harmful and beneficial controlled substances.\nIf a child is exposed to a controlled substance, they are in chemical endangerment.\nChemical Endangerment is harmful. \nThe Controlled Substances Act was an act passed in 1971.\nSome Acts prevent harmful things.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ControlledSubstances(x) \u2192 Drugs(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (ControlledSubstances(x) \u2227 ControlledSubstances(y) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Beneficial(x) \u2227 Harmful(y))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Child(x) \u2227 ControlledSubstances(y) \u2227 ExposedTo(x, y)) \u2192 InChemicalEndangerment(x))\n\u2200x (InChemicalEndangerment(x) \u2192 Harmful(x))\nPassedIn(controlledSubstancesAct, yr1971) \u2227 Act(controlledSubstancesAct)\n\u2203x \u2203y(Act(x) \u2227 PreventsHarm(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Act(y) \u2227 PreventsHarm(y))", "conclusion": "A child in chemical endangerment is in harm.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x ((Child(x) \u2227 InChemicalEndangerment(x)) \u2192 Harmful(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 137} +{"story_id": 321, "premises": "No people who have corporate jobs are taking more than normal financial risks.\nAll entrepreneurs are taking more than normal financial risks.\nAll risk-averse working people are people who have corporate jobs.\nAll working people who hate working for others want to be entrepreneurs.\nIf Mark Zuckerberg is neither an entrepreneur nor a person who hates working for others, then Mark Zuckerberg is not a risk-averse working person.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Have(x, corporateJob) \u2192 \u00acTake(x, financialRisk))\n\u2200x (Entrepreneur(x) \u2192 Take(x, financialRisk))\n\u2200x (RiskAverse(x) \u2192 Have(x, corporateJob))\n\u2200x (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=x) \u2227 \u00ac(z=x) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 HateWorkingFor(x, y) \u2227 HateWorkingFor(x, z)) \u2192 Entrepreneur(x))\n\u00acEntrepreneur(markZuckerberg) \u2227 \u00ac(\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=markZuckerberg) \u2227 \u00ac(z=markZuckerberg) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 HateWorkingFor(markZuckerberg, y) \u2227 HateWorkingFor(markZuckerberg, z))) \u2192 \u00acRiskAverse(markZuckerberg)", "conclusion": "Mark Zuckerberg is an entrepreneur.", "conclusion-FOL": "Entrepreneur(markZuckerberg)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 816} +{"story_id": 321, "premises": "No people who have corporate jobs are taking more than normal financial risks.\nAll entrepreneurs are taking more than normal financial risks.\nAll risk-averse working people are people who have corporate jobs.\nAll working people who hate working for others want to be entrepreneurs.\nIf Mark Zuckerberg is neither an entrepreneur nor a person who hates working for others, then Mark Zuckerberg is not a risk-averse working person.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Have(x, corporateJob) \u2192 \u00acTake(x, financialRisk))\n\u2200x (Entrepreneur(x) \u2192 Take(x, financialRisk))\n\u2200x (RiskAverse(x) \u2192 Have(x, corporateJob))\n\u2200x (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=x) \u2227 \u00ac(z=x) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 HateWorkingFor(x, y) \u2227 HateWorkingFor(x, z)) \u2192 Entrepreneur(x))\n\u00acEntrepreneur(markZuckerberg) \u2227 \u00ac(\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=markZuckerberg) \u2227 \u00ac(z=markZuckerberg) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 HateWorkingFor(markZuckerberg, y) \u2227 HateWorkingFor(markZuckerberg, z))) \u2192 \u00acRiskAverse(markZuckerberg)", "conclusion": "Mark Zuckerberg is a risk-averse person.", "conclusion-FOL": "RiskAverse(markZuckerberg)", "label": "False", "example_id": 817} +{"story_id": 321, "premises": "No people who have corporate jobs are taking more than normal financial risks.\nAll entrepreneurs are taking more than normal financial risks.\nAll risk-averse working people are people who have corporate jobs.\nAll working people who hate working for others want to be entrepreneurs.\nIf Mark Zuckerberg is neither an entrepreneur nor a person who hates working for others, then Mark Zuckerberg is not a risk-averse working person.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Have(x, corporateJob) \u2192 \u00acTake(x, financialRisk))\n\u2200x (Entrepreneur(x) \u2192 Take(x, financialRisk))\n\u2200x (RiskAverse(x) \u2192 Have(x, corporateJob))\n\u2200x (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=x) \u2227 \u00ac(z=x) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 HateWorkingFor(x, y) \u2227 HateWorkingFor(x, z)) \u2192 Entrepreneur(x))\n\u00acEntrepreneur(markZuckerberg) \u2227 \u00ac(\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=markZuckerberg) \u2227 \u00ac(z=markZuckerberg) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 HateWorkingFor(markZuckerberg, y) \u2227 HateWorkingFor(markZuckerberg, z))) \u2192 \u00acRiskAverse(markZuckerberg)", "conclusion": "Mark Zuckerberg is not a risk-averse person.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acRiskAverse(markZuckerberg)", "label": "True", "example_id": 818} +{"story_id": 200, "premises": "Wildfeed exists as an unannounced program.\nWildfeed can be sporting events, news, or syndicated shows.\nPre-recorded content is a copyright violation.\nPrograms are pre-recorded.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Wildfeed(x) \u2227 Unannounced(x) \u2227 Program(x))\n\u2200x (Wildfeed(x) \u2192 SportingEvent(x) \u2228 News(x) \u2228 SyndicatedShow(x))\n\u2200x (Prerecorded(x) \u2192 CopyrightViolation(x))\n\u2200x (Program(x) \u2192 Prerecorded(x))", "conclusion": "Some wildfeed is violating copyright laws.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Wildfeed(x) \u2227 CopyrightViolation(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 569} +{"story_id": 200, "premises": "Wildfeed exists as an unannounced program.\nWildfeed can be sporting events, news, or syndicated shows.\nPre-recorded content is a copyright violation.\nPrograms are pre-recorded.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Wildfeed(x) \u2227 Unannounced(x) \u2227 Program(x))\n\u2200x (Wildfeed(x) \u2192 SportingEvent(x) \u2228 News(x) \u2228 SyndicatedShow(x))\n\u2200x (Prerecorded(x) \u2192 CopyrightViolation(x))\n\u2200x (Program(x) \u2192 Prerecorded(x))", "conclusion": "Wildfeed can be prerecorded.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Wildfeed(x) \u2227 Prerecorded(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 570} +{"story_id": 200, "premises": "Wildfeed exists as an unannounced program.\nWildfeed can be sporting events, news, or syndicated shows.\nPre-recorded content is a copyright violation.\nPrograms are pre-recorded.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Wildfeed(x) \u2227 Unannounced(x) \u2227 Program(x))\n\u2200x (Wildfeed(x) \u2192 SportingEvent(x) \u2228 News(x) \u2228 SyndicatedShow(x))\n\u2200x (Prerecorded(x) \u2192 CopyrightViolation(x))\n\u2200x (Program(x) \u2192 Prerecorded(x))", "conclusion": "Syndicated shows are copyright violations.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (SyndicatedShows(x) \u2227 CopyrightViolation(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 571} +{"story_id": 127, "premises": "New York City is Located in the United States of America.\nThe United States of America is part of North America.\nNorth America is in the western hemisphere of the earth.\nNew York City is a highly developed city.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.", "premises-FOL": "LocatedIn(newYorkCity, unitedStatesOfAmerica)\nLocatedIn(usa, northAmerica)\nLocatedIn(northAmerica, westernHemisphere)\nHighlyDeveloped(newYorkCity)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((LocatedIn(x, y) \u2227 LocatedIn(y, z)) \u2192 LocatedIn(x, z))", "conclusion": "A highly developed city is located in the western hemisphere of the earth.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (HighlyDeveloped(x) \u2227 LocatedIn(x, westernHemisphere))", "label": "True", "example_id": 376} +{"story_id": 127, "premises": "New York City is Located in the United States of America.\nThe United States of America is part of North America.\nNorth America is in the western hemisphere of the earth.\nNew York City is a highly developed city.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.", "premises-FOL": "LocatedIn(newYorkCity, unitedStatesOfAmerica)\nLocatedIn(usa, northAmerica)\nLocatedIn(northAmerica, westernHemisphere)\nHighlyDeveloped(newYorkCity)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((LocatedIn(x, y) \u2227 LocatedIn(y, z)) \u2192 LocatedIn(x, z))", "conclusion": "The United States of America is not located in the western hemisphere of the earth.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acLocatedIn(unitedStatesOfAmerica, westHemisphere)", "label": "False", "example_id": 377} +{"story_id": 127, "premises": "New York City is Located in the United States of America.\nThe United States of America is part of North America.\nNorth America is in the western hemisphere of the earth.\nNew York City is a highly developed city.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.", "premises-FOL": "LocatedIn(newYorkCity, unitedStatesOfAmerica)\nLocatedIn(usa, northAmerica)\nLocatedIn(northAmerica, westernHemisphere)\nHighlyDeveloped(newYorkCity)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((LocatedIn(x, y) \u2227 LocatedIn(y, z)) \u2192 LocatedIn(x, z))", "conclusion": "New York City is located in New York State.", "conclusion-FOL": "LocatedIn(newYorkCity, newYork)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 378} +{"story_id": 146, "premises": "Catullus 4 is a poem written by the ancient Roman writer Catullus.\nCatullus 4 is a story about the retirement of a well-traveled ship.\nThere is a strong analogy of human aging in the poem Catullus 4.\nCatullus 4 is written in an unusual iambic trimeter to convey a sense of speed over the waves.", "premises-FOL": "Poem(catullus4) \u2227 WrittenBy(catullus4, catullus) \u2227 AncientRomanWriter(catullus)\nStory(catullus4) \u2227 About(catullus4, retirementOfAWellTraveledShip)\nPoem(catullus4) \u2227 StrongAgingAnalogy(catullus4)\nPoem(catullus4) \u2227 WrittenIn(catullus4, iambicTrimeter) \u2227 Convey(catullus4, aSenseOfSpeedOverTheWaves)", "conclusion": "There is a poem written by an ancient Roman writer with a strong analogy of human aging.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Poem(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, y) \u2227 AncietRomanWriter(y) \u2227 StrongAgingAnalogy(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 427} +{"story_id": 146, "premises": "Catullus 4 is a poem written by the ancient Roman writer Catullus.\nCatullus 4 is a story about the retirement of a well-traveled ship.\nThere is a strong analogy of human aging in the poem Catullus 4.\nCatullus 4 is written in an unusual iambic trimeter to convey a sense of speed over the waves.", "premises-FOL": "Poem(catullus4) \u2227 WrittenBy(catullus4, catullus) \u2227 AncientRomanWriter(catullus)\nStory(catullus4) \u2227 About(catullus4, retirementOfAWellTraveledShip)\nPoem(catullus4) \u2227 StrongAgingAnalogy(catullus4)\nPoem(catullus4) \u2227 WrittenIn(catullus4, iambicTrimeter) \u2227 Convey(catullus4, aSenseOfSpeedOverTheWaves)", "conclusion": "There is a poem written by an ancient Roman writer in iambic trimeter.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Poem(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, y) \u2227 AncientRomanWriter(y) \u2227 WrittenIn(x, iambicTrimeter))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 428} +{"story_id": 146, "premises": "Catullus 4 is a poem written by the ancient Roman writer Catullus.\nCatullus 4 is a story about the retirement of a well-traveled ship.\nThere is a strong analogy of human aging in the poem Catullus 4.\nCatullus 4 is written in an unusual iambic trimeter to convey a sense of speed over the waves.", "premises-FOL": "Poem(catullus4) \u2227 WrittenBy(catullus4, catullus) \u2227 AncientRomanWriter(catullus)\nStory(catullus4) \u2227 About(catullus4, retirementOfAWellTraveledShip)\nPoem(catullus4) \u2227 StrongAgingAnalogy(catullus4)\nPoem(catullus4) \u2227 WrittenIn(catullus4, iambicTrimeter) \u2227 Convey(catullus4, aSenseOfSpeedOverTheWaves)", "conclusion": "Callus 4 is written in an unusual iambic trimeter to convey a strong analogy of human aging.", "conclusion-FOL": "Poem(catullus4) \u2227 WrittenIn(catullus4, iambicTrimeter) \u2227 StrongAgingAnalogy(catullus4)", "label": "True", "example_id": 429} +{"story_id": 235, "premises": "Westworld is an American science fiction-thriller TV series.\nIn 2016, a television series named Westworld debuted on HBO.\nThe TV series Westworld is adapted from the original film in 1973, which was written and directed by Michael Crichton.\nThe 1973 film Westworld is about robots that malfunction and begin killing human visitors.", "premises-FOL": "American(westworld) \u2227 ScienceFictionThriller(westworld)\nDebut(westworld, year2016) \u2227 TvSeries(westworld)\nAdapted(westworld, westworldTheFilm) \u2227 Produce(westworldTheFilm, year1973) \u2227 Wrote(michael, westworldTheFilm) \u2227 Directed(michael, westworldTheFilm)\nFilm(westworldTheFilm) \u2227 About(westworldTheFilm, malfunctioningRobots)", "conclusion": "Michael Crichton has directed a film about malfunctioning robots.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Film(x) \u2227 Directed(michael, x) \u2227 About(x, malfunctioningRobots))", "label": "True", "example_id": 666} +{"story_id": 235, "premises": "Westworld is an American science fiction-thriller TV series.\nIn 2016, a television series named Westworld debuted on HBO.\nThe TV series Westworld is adapted from the original film in 1973, which was written and directed by Michael Crichton.\nThe 1973 film Westworld is about robots that malfunction and begin killing human visitors.", "premises-FOL": "American(westworld) \u2227 ScienceFictionThriller(westworld)\nDebut(westworld, year2016) \u2227 TvSeries(westworld)\nAdapted(westworld, westworldTheFilm) \u2227 Produce(westworldTheFilm, year1973) \u2227 Wrote(michael, westworldTheFilm) \u2227 Directed(michael, westworldTheFilm)\nFilm(westworldTheFilm) \u2227 About(westworldTheFilm, malfunctioningRobots)", "conclusion": "An American TV series debuted in 2016.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (TVSeries(x) \u2227 American(x) \u2227 Debut(x, year2016))", "label": "True", "example_id": 667} +{"story_id": 231, "premises": "The 2008 Summer Olympics were held in Beijing, China.\nThe 2008 Summer Olympics was the second Summer Olympic Games held in a communist state.\nChina won the most gold medals (48) in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nThe United States placed second in the gold medal tally but won the highest number of medals overall (112) in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nThe third place in the gold medal tally was achieved by Russia in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nIf a country placed third in gold medals, then it had fewer gold medals than the team that won the most gold medals.", "premises-FOL": "HeldIn(2008SummerOlympics, beijingChina)\nSecondSummerOlympicsGames(2008SummerOlympics) \u2227 BeHeldIn(2008SummerOlympics, communistState)\nWon(china, theMostGoldMedals)\nPlacedSecondInGoldMedalsIn(unitedStates, 2008SummerOlympics) \u2227 Won(unitedStates, highestNumberOfMedals)\nPlacedThirdInGoldMedalsIn(russia, 2008SummerOlympics)\n\u2200x \u2200y (Placed(x, thirdInGoldMedals) \u2227 Won(y, mostGoldMedals) \u2192 FewerGoldMedalsThan(x, y))", "conclusion": "Russia did not win fewer gold medals than China.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acFewerGoldMedalsThan(russia, china)", "label": "False", "example_id": 655} +{"story_id": 231, "premises": "The 2008 Summer Olympics were held in Beijing, China.\nThe 2008 Summer Olympics was the second Summer Olympic Games held in a communist state.\nChina won the most gold medals (48) in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nThe United States placed second in the gold medal tally but won the highest number of medals overall (112) in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nThe third place in the gold medal tally was achieved by Russia in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nIf a country placed third in gold medals, then it had fewer gold medals than the team that won the most gold medals.", "premises-FOL": "HeldIn(2008SummerOlympics, beijingChina)\nSecondSummerOlympicsGames(2008SummerOlympics) \u2227 BeHeldIn(2008SummerOlympics, communistState)\nWon(china, theMostGoldMedals)\nPlacedSecondInGoldMedalsIn(unitedStates, 2008SummerOlympics) \u2227 Won(unitedStates, highestNumberOfMedals)\nPlacedThirdInGoldMedalsIn(russia, 2008SummerOlympics)\n\u2200x \u2200y (Placed(x, thirdInGoldMedals) \u2227 Won(y, mostGoldMedals) \u2192 FewerGoldMedalsThan(x, y))", "conclusion": "Russia won fewer gold medals than China.", "conclusion-FOL": "FewerGoldMedalsThan(russia, china)", "label": "True", "example_id": 656} +{"story_id": 27, "premises": "Xiufeng, Xiangshan, Diecai, Qixing are districts in the city of Guilin.\nYangshuo is not a district in Guilin. ", "premises-FOL": "DistrictIn(xiufeng, guilin) \u2227 DistrictIn(xiangshan, guilin) \u2227 DistrictIn(diecai, guilin) \u2227 DistrictIn(qixing, guilin) \u2227 City(guilin)\n\u00acDistrictIn(yangshuo, guilin)", "conclusion": "Xiangshan and Diecai are districts in the same city.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (DistrictIn(xiangshan, x) \u2227 DistrictIn(diecai, x) \u2227 City(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 77} +{"story_id": 27, "premises": "Xiufeng, Xiangshan, Diecai, Qixing are districts in the city of Guilin.\nYangshuo is not a district in Guilin. ", "premises-FOL": "DistrictIn(xiufeng, guilin) \u2227 DistrictIn(xiangshan, guilin) \u2227 DistrictIn(diecai, guilin) \u2227 DistrictIn(qixing, guilin) \u2227 City(guilin)\n\u00acDistrictIn(yangshuo, guilin)", "conclusion": "Xiufeng is a district in Guilin.", "conclusion-FOL": "DistrictIn(xiufeng, guilin)", "label": "True", "example_id": 78} +{"story_id": 27, "premises": "Xiufeng, Xiangshan, Diecai, Qixing are districts in the city of Guilin.\nYangshuo is not a district in Guilin. ", "premises-FOL": "DistrictIn(xiufeng, guilin) \u2227 DistrictIn(xiangshan, guilin) \u2227 DistrictIn(diecai, guilin) \u2227 DistrictIn(qixing, guilin) \u2227 City(guilin)\n\u00acDistrictIn(yangshuo, guilin)", "conclusion": "Kowloon District is in Hong Kong.", "conclusion-FOL": "DistrictIn(kowloon, hongKong)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 79} +{"story_id": 375, "premises": "All of Michael's neighbors who grow their own fresh vegetables in their home gardens also have ample space.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who are young working professionals and live in large cities, do not have ample space.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who order takeout from delivery services often grow their own fresh vegetables in their home garden.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who enjoy going out often to restaurants with friends order takeout from delivery services often.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who regularly tout the benefits of homegrown and homecooked meals over fast food enjoy going out often to restaurants with friends. \nPeter, Michael's neighbor, grows his own fresh vegetables in his home garden, or regularly touts the benefits of homegrown and homecooked meals over fast food, or both.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 GrowIn(x, vegetable, garden) \u2192 Have(x, ampleSpace))\n\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 YoungWorkingProfession(x) \u2227 LiveIn(x, largeCity) \u2192 \u00acHave(x, ampleSpace))\n\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 OrderOften(x, takeout) \u2192 Grow(x, vegetable, garden))\n\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 EnjoyGoingOutOftenToWith(x, restaurant, friend) \u2192 OrderOften(x, takeout))\n\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 ToutOver(x, homecookedMeals, fastFood) \u2192 EnjoyGoingOutOftenToWith(x, restaurant, friend))\nMichaelsNeightbor(peter) \u2227 (GrowIn(peter, vegetable, garden) \u2228 ToutOver(peter, homecookedMeals, fastFood))", "conclusion": "Peter enjoys going out often to restaurants with friends.", "conclusion-FOL": "EnjoyGoingOutOftenTo(peter, restaurant, friend)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 999} +{"story_id": 375, "premises": "All of Michael's neighbors who grow their own fresh vegetables in their home gardens also have ample space.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who are young working professionals and live in large cities, do not have ample space.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who order takeout from delivery services often grow their own fresh vegetables in their home garden.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who enjoy going out often to restaurants with friends order takeout from delivery services often.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who regularly tout the benefits of homegrown and homecooked meals over fast food enjoy going out often to restaurants with friends. \nPeter, Michael's neighbor, grows his own fresh vegetables in his home garden, or regularly touts the benefits of homegrown and homecooked meals over fast food, or both.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 GrowIn(x, vegetable, garden) \u2192 Have(x, ampleSpace))\n\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 YoungWorkingProfession(x) \u2227 LiveIn(x, largeCity) \u2192 \u00acHave(x, ampleSpace))\n\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 OrderOften(x, takeout) \u2192 Grow(x, vegetable, garden))\n\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 EnjoyGoingOutOftenToWith(x, restaurant, friend) \u2192 OrderOften(x, takeout))\n\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 ToutOver(x, homecookedMeals, fastFood) \u2192 EnjoyGoingOutOftenToWith(x, restaurant, friend))\nMichaelsNeightbor(peter) \u2227 (GrowIn(peter, vegetable, garden) \u2228 ToutOver(peter, homecookedMeals, fastFood))", "conclusion": "Peter is a young working professional who lives in large cities.", "conclusion-FOL": "YoungWorkingProfession(peter) \u2227 LiveIn(peter, largeCity)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1000} +{"story_id": 375, "premises": "All of Michael's neighbors who grow their own fresh vegetables in their home gardens also have ample space.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who are young working professionals and live in large cities, do not have ample space.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who order takeout from delivery services often grow their own fresh vegetables in their home garden.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who enjoy going out often to restaurants with friends order takeout from delivery services often.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who regularly tout the benefits of homegrown and homecooked meals over fast food enjoy going out often to restaurants with friends. \nPeter, Michael's neighbor, grows his own fresh vegetables in his home garden, or regularly touts the benefits of homegrown and homecooked meals over fast food, or both.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 GrowIn(x, vegetable, garden) \u2192 Have(x, ampleSpace))\n\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 YoungWorkingProfession(x) \u2227 LiveIn(x, largeCity) \u2192 \u00acHave(x, ampleSpace))\n\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 OrderOften(x, takeout) \u2192 Grow(x, vegetable, garden))\n\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 EnjoyGoingOutOftenToWith(x, restaurant, friend) \u2192 OrderOften(x, takeout))\n\u2200x (MichaelsNeightbor(x) \u2227 ToutOver(x, homecookedMeals, fastFood) \u2192 EnjoyGoingOutOftenToWith(x, restaurant, friend))\nMichaelsNeightbor(peter) \u2227 (GrowIn(peter, vegetable, garden) \u2228 ToutOver(peter, homecookedMeals, fastFood))", "conclusion": "Peter grows his own fresh vegetables in their home garden or is a young working professional who lives in large cities.", "conclusion-FOL": "GrowIn(peter, vegetable, garden) \u2228 (YoungWorkingProfession(peter) \u2227 LiveIn(peter, largeCity))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1001} +{"story_id": 62, "premises": "All devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices belonging to employees are connected to the company's wifi. \nAll devices connected to Google Home are controlled by the managers. \nAll devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nModelXX belongs to employees. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (OwnedBy(x, company) \u2192 ConnectedTo(x, googleHome))\n\u2200x (OwnedBy(x, employee) \u2192 ConnectedTo(x, companyWiFi))\n\u2200x (ConnectedTo(x, googleHome) \u2192 ControlledBy(x, managers))\n\u2200x (ConnectedTo(x, companyWiFi) \u2192 EasyToOperate(x))\nOwnedBy(modelXX, employee)", "conclusion": "ModelXX is easy to operate.", "conclusion-FOL": "EasyToOperate(modelXX)", "label": "True", "example_id": 183} +{"story_id": 62, "premises": "All devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices belonging to employees are connected to the company's wifi. \nAll devices connected to Google Home are controlled by the managers. \nAll devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nModelXX belongs to employees. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (OwnedBy(x, company) \u2192 ConnectedTo(x, googleHome))\n\u2200x (OwnedBy(x, employee) \u2192 ConnectedTo(x, companyWiFi))\n\u2200x (ConnectedTo(x, googleHome) \u2192 ControlledBy(x, managers))\n\u2200x (ConnectedTo(x, companyWiFi) \u2192 EasyToOperate(x))\nOwnedBy(modelXX, employee)", "conclusion": "ModelXX is controlled by managers.", "conclusion-FOL": "ControlledBy(modelXX, managers)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 184} +{"story_id": 62, "premises": "All devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices belonging to employees are connected to the company's wifi. \nAll devices connected to Google Home are controlled by the managers. \nAll devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nModelXX belongs to employees. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (OwnedBy(x, company) \u2192 ConnectedTo(x, googleHome))\n\u2200x (OwnedBy(x, employee) \u2192 ConnectedTo(x, companyWiFi))\n\u2200x (ConnectedTo(x, googleHome) \u2192 ControlledBy(x, managers))\n\u2200x (ConnectedTo(x, companyWiFi) \u2192 EasyToOperate(x))\nOwnedBy(modelXX, employee)", "conclusion": "ModelXX is connected to Google Home.", "conclusion-FOL": "ConnectedTo(modelXX, googleHome)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 185} +{"story_id": 407, "premises": "No touring musicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra are permanent members of the orchestra.\nMusicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra are permanent members of an orchestra, or they have temporary roles at the orchestra.\nAll touring musicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra have temporary roles at the orchestra.\nAll musicians performing at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra who have temporary roles at the orchestra are interesting soloists.\nAll musicians performing at New Haven Symphony Orchestra who are interesting soloists are capable of attracting audiences.\nRyan is performing at New Haven Symphony Orchestra.\nIf Ryan is an interesting soloist and has a temporary role at the orchestra, then he is capable of attracting large audiences if and only if he is a touring soloist musician. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2227 TouringMusician(x)) \u2192 \u00acPermanentMemberOf(x, theOrchestra))\n\u2200x (PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2192 (PermanentMemberOf(x, theOrchestra) \u2228 HaveTemporaryRoleAt(x, theOrchestra)))\n\u2200x ((PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2227 TouringMusicians(x)) \u2192 HaveTemporaryRoleAt(x, theOrchestra))\n\u2200x ((PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2227 HaveTemporaryRoleAt(x, theOrchestra)) \u2192 InterestingSoloist(x))\n\u2200x ((PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2227 InterestingSoloist(x)) \u2192 CapableOfAttractingAudiences(x))\nPerformAt(ryan, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra)\n(InterestingSoloist(ryan) \u2227 HaveTemporaryRoleAt(ryan, theOrchestra)) \u2192 \u00ac(TouringMusician(ryan) \u2295 CapableOfAttractingAudiences(ryan))", "conclusion": "Ryan is an interesting soloist.", "conclusion-FOL": "InterestingSoloist(ryan)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1130} +{"story_id": 407, "premises": "No touring musicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra are permanent members of the orchestra.\nMusicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra are permanent members of an orchestra, or they have temporary roles at the orchestra.\nAll touring musicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra have temporary roles at the orchestra.\nAll musicians performing at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra who have temporary roles at the orchestra are interesting soloists.\nAll musicians performing at New Haven Symphony Orchestra who are interesting soloists are capable of attracting audiences.\nRyan is performing at New Haven Symphony Orchestra.\nIf Ryan is an interesting soloist and has a temporary role at the orchestra, then he is capable of attracting large audiences if and only if he is a touring soloist musician. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2227 TouringMusician(x)) \u2192 \u00acPermanentMemberOf(x, theOrchestra))\n\u2200x (PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2192 (PermanentMemberOf(x, theOrchestra) \u2228 HaveTemporaryRoleAt(x, theOrchestra)))\n\u2200x ((PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2227 TouringMusicians(x)) \u2192 HaveTemporaryRoleAt(x, theOrchestra))\n\u2200x ((PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2227 HaveTemporaryRoleAt(x, theOrchestra)) \u2192 InterestingSoloist(x))\n\u2200x ((PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2227 InterestingSoloist(x)) \u2192 CapableOfAttractingAudiences(x))\nPerformAt(ryan, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra)\n(InterestingSoloist(ryan) \u2227 HaveTemporaryRoleAt(ryan, theOrchestra)) \u2192 \u00ac(TouringMusician(ryan) \u2295 CapableOfAttractingAudiences(ryan))", "conclusion": "Ryan is either a permanent member of an orchestra or a touring soloist musician.", "conclusion-FOL": "(PermanentMemberOf(ryan, orchestra) \u2295 TouringMusician(ryan))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1131} +{"story_id": 407, "premises": "No touring musicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra are permanent members of the orchestra.\nMusicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra are permanent members of an orchestra, or they have temporary roles at the orchestra.\nAll touring musicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra have temporary roles at the orchestra.\nAll musicians performing at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra who have temporary roles at the orchestra are interesting soloists.\nAll musicians performing at New Haven Symphony Orchestra who are interesting soloists are capable of attracting audiences.\nRyan is performing at New Haven Symphony Orchestra.\nIf Ryan is an interesting soloist and has a temporary role at the orchestra, then he is capable of attracting large audiences if and only if he is a touring soloist musician. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2227 TouringMusician(x)) \u2192 \u00acPermanentMemberOf(x, theOrchestra))\n\u2200x (PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2192 (PermanentMemberOf(x, theOrchestra) \u2228 HaveTemporaryRoleAt(x, theOrchestra)))\n\u2200x ((PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2227 TouringMusicians(x)) \u2192 HaveTemporaryRoleAt(x, theOrchestra))\n\u2200x ((PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2227 HaveTemporaryRoleAt(x, theOrchestra)) \u2192 InterestingSoloist(x))\n\u2200x ((PerformAt(x, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra) \u2227 InterestingSoloist(x)) \u2192 CapableOfAttractingAudiences(x))\nPerformAt(ryan, newHavenSymphonyOrchestra)\n(InterestingSoloist(ryan) \u2227 HaveTemporaryRoleAt(ryan, theOrchestra)) \u2192 \u00ac(TouringMusician(ryan) \u2295 CapableOfAttractingAudiences(ryan))", "conclusion": "Ryan is either a permanent member of an orchestra or has a temporary role at the orchestra.", "conclusion-FOL": "(PermanentMemberOf(ryan, orchestra) \u2295 HaveTemporaryRoleAt(ryan, orchestra))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1132} +{"story_id": 482, "premises": "If someone in Potterville yells, then they are not cool.\nIf someone in Potterville is angry, then they yell.\nIf someone in Potterville flies, then they are cool.\nEvery person in Potterville that knows magic flies.\nAll wizards in Potterville know magic.\nHarry, who lives in Potterville either yells or flies. \nPotter, who lives in Potterville, is a wizard and flies.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Yell(x) \u2192 \u00acCool(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Angry(x) \u2192 Yell(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Fly(x) \u2192 Cool(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Know(x, magic) \u2192 Fly(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Wizard(x) \u2192 Know(x, magic))\nIn(harry, potterville) \u2227 (Yell(harry) \u2295 Fly(harry))\nWizard(potter) \u2227 Fly(potter)", "conclusion": "Harry is cool.", "conclusion-FOL": "Cool(harry)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1406} +{"story_id": 482, "premises": "If someone in Potterville yells, then they are not cool.\nIf someone in Potterville is angry, then they yell.\nIf someone in Potterville flies, then they are cool.\nEvery person in Potterville that knows magic flies.\nAll wizards in Potterville know magic.\nHarry, who lives in Potterville either yells or flies. \nPotter, who lives in Potterville, is a wizard and flies.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Yell(x) \u2192 \u00acCool(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Angry(x) \u2192 Yell(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Fly(x) \u2192 Cool(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Know(x, magic) \u2192 Fly(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Wizard(x) \u2192 Know(x, magic))\nIn(harry, potterville) \u2227 (Yell(harry) \u2295 Fly(harry))\nWizard(potter) \u2227 Fly(potter)", "conclusion": "Harry is not cool.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acCool(harry)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1407} +{"story_id": 482, "premises": "If someone in Potterville yells, then they are not cool.\nIf someone in Potterville is angry, then they yell.\nIf someone in Potterville flies, then they are cool.\nEvery person in Potterville that knows magic flies.\nAll wizards in Potterville know magic.\nHarry, who lives in Potterville either yells or flies. \nPotter, who lives in Potterville, is a wizard and flies.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Yell(x) \u2192 \u00acCool(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Angry(x) \u2192 Yell(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Fly(x) \u2192 Cool(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Know(x, magic) \u2192 Fly(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Wizard(x) \u2192 Know(x, magic))\nIn(harry, potterville) \u2227 (Yell(harry) \u2295 Fly(harry))\nWizard(potter) \u2227 Fly(potter)", "conclusion": "Harry is a wizard or angry.", "conclusion-FOL": "Wizard(harry) \u2228 Angry(harry)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1408} +{"story_id": 482, "premises": "If someone in Potterville yells, then they are not cool.\nIf someone in Potterville is angry, then they yell.\nIf someone in Potterville flies, then they are cool.\nEvery person in Potterville that knows magic flies.\nAll wizards in Potterville know magic.\nHarry, who lives in Potterville either yells or flies. \nPotter, who lives in Potterville, is a wizard and flies.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Yell(x) \u2192 \u00acCool(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Angry(x) \u2192 Yell(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Fly(x) \u2192 Cool(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Know(x, magic) \u2192 Fly(x))\n\u2200x (In(x, potterville) \u2227 Wizard(x) \u2192 Know(x, magic))\nIn(harry, potterville) \u2227 (Yell(harry) \u2295 Fly(harry))\nWizard(potter) \u2227 Fly(potter)", "conclusion": "Harry is neither a wizard nor angry.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acWizard(harry) \u2227 \u00acAngry(harry)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1409} +{"story_id": 436, "premises": "All of this brand's products are either produced in China or in the US. \nAll of this brand's products produced in China are labeled. \nAll of this brand's products produced in the US are sold in the US. \nThe products of this brand that are labeled are cheaper.\nAll of this brand's products sold in the US are sold at Walmart. \nAll products of this brand displayed on the homepage are sold at Walmart. \nNone of this brand's products that are returned by customers are sold at Walmart. \nG-910 is a product of this brand, and it is either displayed on the homepage and is cheaper, or it is neither displayed on the homepage nor is it cheaper.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 (ProducedIn(x, china) \u2295 ProducedIn(x, uS)))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ProducedIn(x, china)) \u2192 Labeled(x))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ProducedIn(x, us)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, us))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 Labeled(x)) \u2192 Cheaper(x))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 SoldIn(x, us)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, walmart))\n\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 DisplayedIn(x, homepage) \u2192 SoldIn(x, walmart))\n\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ReturnedBy(x, customer) \u2192 \u00acSoldIn(x, walmart))\nProduct(g910) \u2227 ThisBrand(g910) \u2227 (\u00ac(DisplayedIn(g910, homepage) \u2295 Cheaper(g910)))", "conclusion": "G-910 is displayed on the homepage.", "conclusion-FOL": "DisplayedIn(g910, homepage)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1248} +{"story_id": 436, "premises": "All of this brand's products are either produced in China or in the US. \nAll of this brand's products produced in China are labeled. \nAll of this brand's products produced in the US are sold in the US. \nThe products of this brand that are labeled are cheaper.\nAll of this brand's products sold in the US are sold at Walmart. \nAll products of this brand displayed on the homepage are sold at Walmart. \nNone of this brand's products that are returned by customers are sold at Walmart. \nG-910 is a product of this brand, and it is either displayed on the homepage and is cheaper, or it is neither displayed on the homepage nor is it cheaper.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 (ProducedIn(x, china) \u2295 ProducedIn(x, uS)))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ProducedIn(x, china)) \u2192 Labeled(x))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ProducedIn(x, us)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, us))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 Labeled(x)) \u2192 Cheaper(x))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 SoldIn(x, us)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, walmart))\n\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 DisplayedIn(x, homepage) \u2192 SoldIn(x, walmart))\n\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ReturnedBy(x, customer) \u2192 \u00acSoldIn(x, walmart))\nProduct(g910) \u2227 ThisBrand(g910) \u2227 (\u00ac(DisplayedIn(g910, homepage) \u2295 Cheaper(g910)))", "conclusion": "G-910 is not displayed on the homepage.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acDisplayedIn(g910, homepage)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1249} +{"story_id": 436, "premises": "All of this brand's products are either produced in China or in the US. \nAll of this brand's products produced in China are labeled. \nAll of this brand's products produced in the US are sold in the US. \nThe products of this brand that are labeled are cheaper.\nAll of this brand's products sold in the US are sold at Walmart. \nAll products of this brand displayed on the homepage are sold at Walmart. \nNone of this brand's products that are returned by customers are sold at Walmart. \nG-910 is a product of this brand, and it is either displayed on the homepage and is cheaper, or it is neither displayed on the homepage nor is it cheaper.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 (ProducedIn(x, china) \u2295 ProducedIn(x, uS)))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ProducedIn(x, china)) \u2192 Labeled(x))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ProducedIn(x, us)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, us))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 Labeled(x)) \u2192 Cheaper(x))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 SoldIn(x, us)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, walmart))\n\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 DisplayedIn(x, homepage) \u2192 SoldIn(x, walmart))\n\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ReturnedBy(x, customer) \u2192 \u00acSoldIn(x, walmart))\nProduct(g910) \u2227 ThisBrand(g910) \u2227 (\u00ac(DisplayedIn(g910, homepage) \u2295 Cheaper(g910)))", "conclusion": "G-910 is a product returned by customers.", "conclusion-FOL": "ThisBrand(g910) \u2227 ReturnedBy(g910, customer)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1250} +{"story_id": 436, "premises": "All of this brand's products are either produced in China or in the US. \nAll of this brand's products produced in China are labeled. \nAll of this brand's products produced in the US are sold in the US. \nThe products of this brand that are labeled are cheaper.\nAll of this brand's products sold in the US are sold at Walmart. \nAll products of this brand displayed on the homepage are sold at Walmart. \nNone of this brand's products that are returned by customers are sold at Walmart. \nG-910 is a product of this brand, and it is either displayed on the homepage and is cheaper, or it is neither displayed on the homepage nor is it cheaper.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 (ProducedIn(x, china) \u2295 ProducedIn(x, uS)))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ProducedIn(x, china)) \u2192 Labeled(x))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ProducedIn(x, us)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, us))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 Labeled(x)) \u2192 Cheaper(x))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 SoldIn(x, us)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, walmart))\n\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 DisplayedIn(x, homepage) \u2192 SoldIn(x, walmart))\n\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ReturnedBy(x, customer) \u2192 \u00acSoldIn(x, walmart))\nProduct(g910) \u2227 ThisBrand(g910) \u2227 (\u00ac(DisplayedIn(g910, homepage) \u2295 Cheaper(g910)))", "conclusion": "G-910 is a product returned by customers or sold in Walmart.", "conclusion-FOL": "ThisBrand(g910) \u2227 (ReturnedBy(g910, customer) \u2228 SoldIn(g910, walmart))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1251} +{"story_id": 436, "premises": "All of this brand's products are either produced in China or in the US. \nAll of this brand's products produced in China are labeled. \nAll of this brand's products produced in the US are sold in the US. \nThe products of this brand that are labeled are cheaper.\nAll of this brand's products sold in the US are sold at Walmart. \nAll products of this brand displayed on the homepage are sold at Walmart. \nNone of this brand's products that are returned by customers are sold at Walmart. \nG-910 is a product of this brand, and it is either displayed on the homepage and is cheaper, or it is neither displayed on the homepage nor is it cheaper.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 (ProducedIn(x, china) \u2295 ProducedIn(x, uS)))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ProducedIn(x, china)) \u2192 Labeled(x))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ProducedIn(x, us)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, us))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 Labeled(x)) \u2192 Cheaper(x))\n\u2200x ((ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 SoldIn(x, us)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, walmart))\n\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 DisplayedIn(x, homepage) \u2192 SoldIn(x, walmart))\n\u2200x (ThisBrand(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2227 ReturnedBy(x, customer) \u2192 \u00acSoldIn(x, walmart))\nProduct(g910) \u2227 ThisBrand(g910) \u2227 (\u00ac(DisplayedIn(g910, homepage) \u2295 Cheaper(g910)))", "conclusion": "G-910 is either returned by customers or sold in Walmart.", "conclusion-FOL": "ReturnedBy(g910, customer) \u2295 SoldIn(g910, walmart)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1252} +{"story_id": 354, "premises": "People either believe in Santa Claus, or think he is made up.\nPeople who believe in Santa Claus expect to get presents on Christmas morning.\nPeople who think Santa Claus is made up, then they would be surprised to see him in their house.\nPeople who expect presents on Christmas morning are excited for it to be Christmas.\nIf people would be surprised to see Santa Claus in their house, then they don't leave out cookies on Chrismtas Eve.\nMercy is not someone who expects presents Christmas morning, is excited for Chrismtas, and believes in Santa Claus.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (BelieveIn(x, santaClaus) \u2295 ThinkMadeUp(x, santaClaus))\n\u2200x (BelieveIn(x, santaClaus) \u2192 Expect(x, present, christmasMorning))\n\u2200x (ThinkMadeUp(x, santaClaus) \u2192 WouldBeSurprisedToSeeIn(x, santaClaus, house))\n\u2200x (Expect(x, present, christmasMorning) \u2192 ExcitedFor(x, christmas))\n\u2200x (WouldBeSurprisedToSeeIn(x, santaClaus, house) \u2192 \u00acLeaveOut(x, cookies))\n\u00ac(Expect(marcy, present, christmasMorning) \u2227 ExcitedFor(marcy, christmas) \u2227 BelieveIn(marcy, santaClaus))", "conclusion": "Marcy either believes in Santa Claus or doesn't leave cookies out on Christmas Eve.", "conclusion-FOL": "BelieveIn(marcy, santaClaus) \u2295 LeaveOut(marcy, cookies)", "label": "True", "example_id": 939} +{"story_id": 354, "premises": "People either believe in Santa Claus, or think he is made up.\nPeople who believe in Santa Claus expect to get presents on Christmas morning.\nPeople who think Santa Claus is made up, then they would be surprised to see him in their house.\nPeople who expect presents on Christmas morning are excited for it to be Christmas.\nIf people would be surprised to see Santa Claus in their house, then they don't leave out cookies on Chrismtas Eve.\nMercy is not someone who expects presents Christmas morning, is excited for Chrismtas, and believes in Santa Claus.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (BelieveIn(x, santaClaus) \u2295 ThinkMadeUp(x, santaClaus))\n\u2200x (BelieveIn(x, santaClaus) \u2192 Expect(x, present, christmasMorning))\n\u2200x (ThinkMadeUp(x, santaClaus) \u2192 WouldBeSurprisedToSeeIn(x, santaClaus, house))\n\u2200x (Expect(x, present, christmasMorning) \u2192 ExcitedFor(x, christmas))\n\u2200x (WouldBeSurprisedToSeeIn(x, santaClaus, house) \u2192 \u00acLeaveOut(x, cookies))\n\u00ac(Expect(marcy, present, christmasMorning) \u2227 ExcitedFor(marcy, christmas) \u2227 BelieveIn(marcy, santaClaus))", "conclusion": "Marcy is not someone who both leaves out cookies on Chrismtas eve and thinks Santa Claus is made up, or Marcy believes in Santa Claus.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(LeaveOut(marcy, cookies) \u2227 ThinkMadeUp(marcy, santaClaus)) \u2228 BelieveIn(marcy, santaClaus)", "label": "False", "example_id": 940} +{"story_id": 172, "premises": "Indonesia is a country.\nIn Indonesia, the prosecutor only personally investigates cases of some special crimes.\nCorruption is a type of crime.\nOnce the police complete crime investigations, the evidence is handed to the prosecutor. \nEvidence can be either satisfactory or unsatisfactory.\nIf the evidence is handed to the prosecutor and the evidence is satisfactory, the prosecutor will prosecute the offender in an appropriate court.", "premises-FOL": "Country(indonesia)\n\u2200x \u2203y (In(indonesia) \u2227 Prosecutor(x) \u2227 SpecialCrime(y) \u2192 InvestigatePersonally(x, y))\nCrime(corruption)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (Crime(y) \u2227 PoliceCompleteInvestigation(y) \u2227 Prosecutor(x) \u2192 Evidence(z) \u2227 HandedTo(z, x))\n\u2200x (Evidence(x) \u2227 (Satisfactory(x) \u2295 Unsatisfactory(x)))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Evidence(y) \u2227 Prosecutor(x) \u2227 HandedTo(x) \u2227 Satisfactory(y) \u2192 ProsecuteInAppropriateCourt(x, theOffender))", "conclusion": "When the police complete investigations, the prosecutor will prosecute the offender at an appropriate court.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (Crime(y) \u2227 PoliceCompleteInvestigation(y) \u2227 Prosecutor(x) \u2192 ProsecuteInAppropriateCourt(x, theOffender))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 494} +{"story_id": 172, "premises": "Indonesia is a country.\nIn Indonesia, the prosecutor only personally investigates cases of some special crimes.\nCorruption is a type of crime.\nOnce the police complete crime investigations, the evidence is handed to the prosecutor. \nEvidence can be either satisfactory or unsatisfactory.\nIf the evidence is handed to the prosecutor and the evidence is satisfactory, the prosecutor will prosecute the offender in an appropriate court.", "premises-FOL": "Country(indonesia)\n\u2200x \u2203y (In(indonesia) \u2227 Prosecutor(x) \u2227 SpecialCrime(y) \u2192 InvestigatePersonally(x, y))\nCrime(corruption)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (Crime(y) \u2227 PoliceCompleteInvestigation(y) \u2227 Prosecutor(x) \u2192 Evidence(z) \u2227 HandedTo(z, x))\n\u2200x (Evidence(x) \u2227 (Satisfactory(x) \u2295 Unsatisfactory(x)))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Evidence(y) \u2227 Prosecutor(x) \u2227 HandedTo(x) \u2227 Satisfactory(y) \u2192 ProsecuteInAppropriateCourt(x, theOffender))", "conclusion": "In Indonesia, the prosecutor personally investigates cases of corruption.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Country(indonesia) \u2227 Prosecutor(x) \u2227 Crime(corruption) \u2192 InvestigatePersonally(x, corruption))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 495} +{"story_id": 172, "premises": "Indonesia is a country.\nIn Indonesia, the prosecutor only personally investigates cases of some special crimes.\nCorruption is a type of crime.\nOnce the police complete crime investigations, the evidence is handed to the prosecutor. \nEvidence can be either satisfactory or unsatisfactory.\nIf the evidence is handed to the prosecutor and the evidence is satisfactory, the prosecutor will prosecute the offender in an appropriate court.", "premises-FOL": "Country(indonesia)\n\u2200x \u2203y (In(indonesia) \u2227 Prosecutor(x) \u2227 SpecialCrime(y) \u2192 InvestigatePersonally(x, y))\nCrime(corruption)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (Crime(y) \u2227 PoliceCompleteInvestigation(y) \u2227 Prosecutor(x) \u2192 Evidence(z) \u2227 HandedTo(z, x))\n\u2200x (Evidence(x) \u2227 (Satisfactory(x) \u2295 Unsatisfactory(x)))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Evidence(y) \u2227 Prosecutor(x) \u2227 HandedTo(x) \u2227 Satisfactory(y) \u2192 ProsecuteInAppropriateCourt(x, theOffender))", "conclusion": "When the police complete investigations, the prosecutor investigates personally.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (Crime(y) \u2227 PoliceCompleteInvestigation(y) \u2227 Prosecutor(x) \u2192 InvestigatePersonally(x, y))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 496} +{"story_id": 341, "premises": "No battery-powered watch is automatic.\nAll digital watches are battery-powered.\nSome mechanical watches are automatic.\nAll smart watches are digital.\nMoonwatch is either a digital watch and an automatic, or it is neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (BatteryPoweredWatch(x) \u2192 \u00acAutomaticWatch(x))\n\u2200x (DigitalWatch(x) \u2192 BatteryPoweredWatch(x))\n\u2203x (MechanicalWatch(x) \u2227 AutomaticWatch(x))\n\u2200x (SmartWatch(x) \u2192 DigitalWatch(x))\n\u00ac(DigitalWatch(moonwatch) \u2295 AutomaticWatch(moonwatch))", "conclusion": "Moonwatch is a mechanical watch.", "conclusion-FOL": "MechanicalWatch(moonWatch)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 896} +{"story_id": 341, "premises": "No battery-powered watch is automatic.\nAll digital watches are battery-powered.\nSome mechanical watches are automatic.\nAll smart watches are digital.\nMoonwatch is either a digital watch and an automatic, or it is neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (BatteryPoweredWatch(x) \u2192 \u00acAutomaticWatch(x))\n\u2200x (DigitalWatch(x) \u2192 BatteryPoweredWatch(x))\n\u2203x (MechanicalWatch(x) \u2227 AutomaticWatch(x))\n\u2200x (SmartWatch(x) \u2192 DigitalWatch(x))\n\u00ac(DigitalWatch(moonwatch) \u2295 AutomaticWatch(moonwatch))", "conclusion": "Moonwatch is a smartwatch and a mechanical watch.", "conclusion-FOL": "SmartWatch(moonwatch) \u2227 MechanicalWatch(moonwatch)", "label": "False", "example_id": 897} +{"story_id": 341, "premises": "No battery-powered watch is automatic.\nAll digital watches are battery-powered.\nSome mechanical watches are automatic.\nAll smart watches are digital.\nMoonwatch is either a digital watch and an automatic, or it is neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (BatteryPoweredWatch(x) \u2192 \u00acAutomaticWatch(x))\n\u2200x (DigitalWatch(x) \u2192 BatteryPoweredWatch(x))\n\u2203x (MechanicalWatch(x) \u2227 AutomaticWatch(x))\n\u2200x (SmartWatch(x) \u2192 DigitalWatch(x))\n\u00ac(DigitalWatch(moonwatch) \u2295 AutomaticWatch(moonwatch))", "conclusion": "If Moonwatch is a smartwatch and a mechanical watch, then Moonwatch is not a mechanical watch.", "conclusion-FOL": "SmartWatch(moonwatch) \u2227 MechanicalWatch(moonwatch) \u2192 \u00acMechanicalWatch(moonwatch)", "label": "True", "example_id": 898} +{"story_id": 341, "premises": "No battery-powered watch is automatic.\nAll digital watches are battery-powered.\nSome mechanical watches are automatic.\nAll smart watches are digital.\nMoonwatch is either a digital watch and an automatic, or it is neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (BatteryPoweredWatch(x) \u2192 \u00acAutomaticWatch(x))\n\u2200x (DigitalWatch(x) \u2192 BatteryPoweredWatch(x))\n\u2203x (MechanicalWatch(x) \u2227 AutomaticWatch(x))\n\u2200x (SmartWatch(x) \u2192 DigitalWatch(x))\n\u00ac(DigitalWatch(moonwatch) \u2295 AutomaticWatch(moonwatch))", "conclusion": "If Moonwatch is a mechanical or battery-powered watch, then Moonwatch is not a smartwatch.", "conclusion-FOL": "MechanicalWatch(moonwatch)) \u2228 BatteryPoweredWatch(moonwatch) \u2192 \u00acSmartWatch(moonwatch)", "label": "True", "example_id": 899} +{"story_id": 243, "premises": "If a person can distinguish the taste of different condiments, then they can also use different condiments for cooking.\nPeople who have a talent of cooking can distinguish the taste of different condiments.\nOnly people with the talent of cooking can make delicious meals.\nIf the meal is popular at the party, then it is delicious.\nJohn can make meals which are popular at the party.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Person(x) \u2227 Can(x, distinguishTheTasteOfDifferentCondiments) \u2192 Can(x, useDifferentCondimentsToCook))\n\u2200x (Person(x) \u2227 Has(x, talentOfCooking) \u2192 Can(x, distinguishTheTasteOfDifferentCondiments))\n\u2200x \u2200y (CanMake(x, y) \u2227 Meal(y) \u2227 Delicious(y) \u2227 Person(x) \u2192 Has(x, talentOfCooking)) \n\u2200x \u2200y (Meal(y) \u2227 PopularAt(y, party) \u2192 Delicious(y))\n\u2203x (Person(john) \u2227 MakeMeal(john, x) \u2227 Meal(x) \u2227 PopularAt(x, party))", "conclusion": "John cannot use different condiments for cooking.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acCan(john, useDifferentCondimentsToCook)", "label": "False", "example_id": 686} +{"story_id": 252, "premises": "For a country, if effective monetary policy is possible, it must have successful inflation control and a strong national currency.\nA country cannot simultaneously regulate the exchange rate and successfully control inflation.\nThe introduction of an embargo on foreign trade goods in a country leads to a sharp decrease in exports.\nIf exports fall sharply, this country's national currency cannot be strong.\nInflation control is required to have a strong national currency. \nThere is an embargo on Russian foreign trade goods.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Country(x) \u2227 PossibleEffectiveMonetaryPolicy(x) \u2192 SuccessfulInflationControl(x) \u2227 StongNationalCurrency(x))\n\u00ac(\u2203x (Country(x) \u2227 SuccessfulInflationControl(x) \u2227 RegulateExchangeRate(x)))\n\u2200x (IntroductionOfOn(x, embargo, foreightTradeGoods) \u2192 SharpDecreasesInExport(x))\n\u2200x (SharpDecreasesInExport(x) \u2192 \u00acStongNationalCurrency(x))\n\u2200x (InflationControl(x) \u2192 StongNationalCurrency(x))\nIntroductionOfOn(russia, embargo, foreightTradeGoods)", "conclusion": "In Russia, an effective monetary policy is possible.", "conclusion-FOL": "PossibleEffectiveMonetaryPolicy(russia)", "label": "False", "example_id": 696} +{"story_id": 143, "premises": "Video Gag is a French television series that airs weekly.\nVideo Gag airs on the French broadcast channel TF1. \nIf viewers send funny videos to the French broadcast channel TF1, then Video Gag airs them weekly.\nAll videos aired on Video Gag are in French.", "premises-FOL": "FrenchTelevision(videoGag) \u2227 AirWeekly(videoGag)\nAirOn(videoGag, frenchBroadcastChannelTF1)\n\u2200x (Funny(x) \u2227 Video(x) \u2227 SendIn(viewers, x, frenchBroadcastChannelTF1) \u2192 AirWeekly(x) ) \u2227 AirOn(videoGag, x))\n\u2200x (Video(x) \u2227 AirOn(videoGag, x) \u2192 In(x, french))", "conclusion": "Viewers send funny videos to the French broadcast channel TF1 that are in French.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (SendIn(viewers, x, frenchBroadcastChannelTF1) \u2227 French(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 419} +{"story_id": 143, "premises": "Video Gag is a French television series that airs weekly.\nVideo Gag airs on the French broadcast channel TF1. \nIf viewers send funny videos to the French broadcast channel TF1, then Video Gag airs them weekly.\nAll videos aired on Video Gag are in French.", "premises-FOL": "FrenchTelevision(videoGag) \u2227 AirWeekly(videoGag)\nAirOn(videoGag, frenchBroadcastChannelTF1)\n\u2200x (Funny(x) \u2227 Video(x) \u2227 SendIn(viewers, x, frenchBroadcastChannelTF1) \u2192 AirWeekly(x) ) \u2227 AirOn(videoGag, x))\n\u2200x (Video(x) \u2227 AirOn(videoGag, x) \u2192 In(x, french))", "conclusion": "Viewers send funny videos to the French broadcast channel that are in English.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (SendIn(viewers, x, frenchBroadcastChannelTF1) \u2227 English(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 420} +{"story_id": 476, "premises": "All phones are things.\nAll cell phones are phones. \nAll iPhones are cell phones. \nAll employees are wage earners.\nAll wage earners are human. \nJack is either an employee or a wage earner.\nJack is either a human or a phone.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Phone(x) \u2192 Thing(x))\n\u2200x (Cellphone(x) \u2192 Phone(x))\n\u2200x (Iphone(x) \u2192 Cellphone(x))\n\u2200x (Employee(x) \u2192 WageEarner(x))\n\u2200x (WageEarner(x) \u2192 Human(x))\nEmployee(jack) \u2295 WageEarner(jack) \nHuman(jack) \u2295 Phone(jack)", "conclusion": "Jack is a thing.", "conclusion-FOL": "Thing(jack)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1381} +{"story_id": 476, "premises": "All phones are things.\nAll cell phones are phones. \nAll iPhones are cell phones. \nAll employees are wage earners.\nAll wage earners are human. \nJack is either an employee or a wage earner.\nJack is either a human or a phone.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Phone(x) \u2192 Thing(x))\n\u2200x (Cellphone(x) \u2192 Phone(x))\n\u2200x (Iphone(x) \u2192 Cellphone(x))\n\u2200x (Employee(x) \u2192 WageEarner(x))\n\u2200x (WageEarner(x) \u2192 Human(x))\nEmployee(jack) \u2295 WageEarner(jack) \nHuman(jack) \u2295 Phone(jack)", "conclusion": "Jack is not a thing.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acThing(jack)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1382} +{"story_id": 476, "premises": "All phones are things.\nAll cell phones are phones. \nAll iPhones are cell phones. \nAll employees are wage earners.\nAll wage earners are human. \nJack is either an employee or a wage earner.\nJack is either a human or a phone.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Phone(x) \u2192 Thing(x))\n\u2200x (Cellphone(x) \u2192 Phone(x))\n\u2200x (Iphone(x) \u2192 Cellphone(x))\n\u2200x (Employee(x) \u2192 WageEarner(x))\n\u2200x (WageEarner(x) \u2192 Human(x))\nEmployee(jack) \u2295 WageEarner(jack) \nHuman(jack) \u2295 Phone(jack)", "conclusion": "Jack is a thing and an iPhone.", "conclusion-FOL": "Thing(jack) \u2227 Iphone(jack)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1383} +{"story_id": 476, "premises": "All phones are things.\nAll cell phones are phones. \nAll iPhones are cell phones. \nAll employees are wage earners.\nAll wage earners are human. \nJack is either an employee or a wage earner.\nJack is either a human or a phone.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Phone(x) \u2192 Thing(x))\n\u2200x (Cellphone(x) \u2192 Phone(x))\n\u2200x (Iphone(x) \u2192 Cellphone(x))\n\u2200x (Employee(x) \u2192 WageEarner(x))\n\u2200x (WageEarner(x) \u2192 Human(x))\nEmployee(jack) \u2295 WageEarner(jack) \nHuman(jack) \u2295 Phone(jack)", "conclusion": "Jack is not both a thing and an iPhone.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Thing(jack) \u2227 Iphone(jack))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1384} +{"story_id": 289, "premises": "All iPhones are electronic.\nSome phones are iPhones.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (IPhone(x) \u2192 Electronic(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Phone(x) \u2227 Phone(y) \u2227 IPhone(x) \u2227 IPhone(y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "conclusion": "No phones are electronic.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Phone(x) \u2192 \u00acElectronic(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 733} +{"story_id": 38, "premises": "The Metropolitan Museum of Art is a museum in NYC.\nWhitney Museum of American Art is a museum in NYC.\nThe Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is a museum in NYC. \nThe Metropolitan Museum of Art includes Byzantine and Islamic Art. \nWhitney Museum of American Art includes American art.", "premises-FOL": "Museum(metropolitanMuseumOfArt) \u2227 In(metropolitanMuseumOfArt, nYC)\nMuseum(whitneyMuseumOfAmericanArt) \u2227 In(metropolitanMuseumOfArt, nYC)\nMuseum(museumOfModernArt) \u2227 In(museumOfModernArt, nYC)\nInclude(metropolitanMuseumOfArt, byzantineArt) \u2227 Include(metropolitanMuseumOfArt, islamicArt)\nInclude(whitneyMuseumOfAmericanArt, americanArt)", "conclusion": "A museum in NYC includes Byzantine and Islamic Art.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Museum(x) \u2227 In(x, nYC) \u2227 Include(x, byzantineArt) \u2227 Include(x, islamicArt))", "label": "True", "example_id": 110} +{"story_id": 38, "premises": "The Metropolitan Museum of Art is a museum in NYC.\nWhitney Museum of American Art is a museum in NYC.\nThe Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is a museum in NYC. \nThe Metropolitan Museum of Art includes Byzantine and Islamic Art. \nWhitney Museum of American Art includes American art.", "premises-FOL": "Museum(metropolitanMuseumOfArt) \u2227 In(metropolitanMuseumOfArt, nYC)\nMuseum(whitneyMuseumOfAmericanArt) \u2227 In(metropolitanMuseumOfArt, nYC)\nMuseum(museumOfModernArt) \u2227 In(museumOfModernArt, nYC)\nInclude(metropolitanMuseumOfArt, byzantineArt) \u2227 Include(metropolitanMuseumOfArt, islamicArt)\nInclude(whitneyMuseumOfAmericanArt, americanArt)", "conclusion": "A museum in NYC includes American art.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Museum(x) \u2227 In(x, nYC) \u2227 Include(x, americanArt))", "label": "True", "example_id": 111} +{"story_id": 38, "premises": "The Metropolitan Museum of Art is a museum in NYC.\nWhitney Museum of American Art is a museum in NYC.\nThe Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is a museum in NYC. \nThe Metropolitan Museum of Art includes Byzantine and Islamic Art. \nWhitney Museum of American Art includes American art.", "premises-FOL": "Museum(metropolitanMuseumOfArt) \u2227 In(metropolitanMuseumOfArt, nYC)\nMuseum(whitneyMuseumOfAmericanArt) \u2227 In(metropolitanMuseumOfArt, nYC)\nMuseum(museumOfModernArt) \u2227 In(museumOfModernArt, nYC)\nInclude(metropolitanMuseumOfArt, byzantineArt) \u2227 Include(metropolitanMuseumOfArt, islamicArt)\nInclude(whitneyMuseumOfAmericanArt, americanArt)", "conclusion": "A museum in NYC includes Greek art.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Museum(x) \u2227 In(x, nYC) \u2227 Include(x, greekArt))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 112} +{"story_id": 403, "premises": "There's a person in Benji's family who likes eating cheese or is a francophile.\nThere is no francophile in Benji's family whose favorite country is Spain.\nThere is a person in Benji's family who likes eating cheese or whose favorite country is Spain.\nFabien is in Benji's family and does not both study Spanish and also like eating cheese.\nFabien studies Spanish.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (InBenjiSFamily(x) \u2192 (LikeEating(x, cheese) \u2228 Francophile(x)))\n\u2200x ((InBenjiSFamily(x) \u2227 Francophile(x)) \u2192 \u00acFavor(x, spain))\n\u2203x (InBenjiSFamily(x) \u2227 (Favor(x, spain) \u2228 LikeEating(x, cheese)))\nInBenjiSFamily(fabien) \u2227 (\u00ac(LikeEating(fabien, cheese) \u2227 Study(fabien, spanish)))\nStudy(fabien, spanish)", "conclusion": "Fabien is a person who likes eating cheese.", "conclusion-FOL": "LikeEating(fabien, cheese)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1117} +{"story_id": 403, "premises": "There's a person in Benji's family who likes eating cheese or is a francophile.\nThere is no francophile in Benji's family whose favorite country is Spain.\nThere is a person in Benji's family who likes eating cheese or whose favorite country is Spain.\nFabien is in Benji's family and does not both study Spanish and also like eating cheese.\nFabien studies Spanish.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (InBenjiSFamily(x) \u2192 (LikeEating(x, cheese) \u2228 Francophile(x)))\n\u2200x ((InBenjiSFamily(x) \u2227 Francophile(x)) \u2192 \u00acFavor(x, spain))\n\u2203x (InBenjiSFamily(x) \u2227 (Favor(x, spain) \u2228 LikeEating(x, cheese)))\nInBenjiSFamily(fabien) \u2227 (\u00ac(LikeEating(fabien, cheese) \u2227 Study(fabien, spanish)))\nStudy(fabien, spanish)", "conclusion": "If Fabien is either a person who likes eating cheese or a francophile, then Fabien is neither a person who studies Spanish nor a person who is a francophile.", "conclusion-FOL": "(LikeEating(fabien, cheese) \u2295 Francophile(fabien)) \u2192 (\u00ac(Study(fabien, spanish) \u2228 Francophile(fabien)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1118} +{"story_id": 403, "premises": "There's a person in Benji's family who likes eating cheese or is a francophile.\nThere is no francophile in Benji's family whose favorite country is Spain.\nThere is a person in Benji's family who likes eating cheese or whose favorite country is Spain.\nFabien is in Benji's family and does not both study Spanish and also like eating cheese.\nFabien studies Spanish.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (InBenjiSFamily(x) \u2192 (LikeEating(x, cheese) \u2228 Francophile(x)))\n\u2200x ((InBenjiSFamily(x) \u2227 Francophile(x)) \u2192 \u00acFavor(x, spain))\n\u2203x (InBenjiSFamily(x) \u2227 (Favor(x, spain) \u2228 LikeEating(x, cheese)))\nInBenjiSFamily(fabien) \u2227 (\u00ac(LikeEating(fabien, cheese) \u2227 Study(fabien, spanish)))\nStudy(fabien, spanish)", "conclusion": "If Fabien is a person who likes Spain as their favorite country or is a francophile, then Fabien is either a person who studies Spanish or a person who likes Spain as their favorite country.", "conclusion-FOL": "(Favor(fabien, spain) \u2228 Francophile(fabien)) \u2192 (Study(fabien, spanish) \u2295 Favor(fabien, spain))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1119} +{"story_id": 29, "premises": "Gasteren is a village located in the province of Drenthe.\nDrenthe is a Dutch province. \nNo cities are villages.\nThe population of a village in Drenthe was 155 people.", "premises-FOL": "Village(gasteren) \u2227 Province(drenthe) \u2227 In(gasteren, drenthe)\nProvince(drenthe) \u2227 In(drenthe, netherlands)\n\u2200x (City(x) \u2192 \u00acVillage(x))\n\u2203x (Population(x, num155) \u2227 Village(x) \u2227 In(x, drenthe))", "conclusion": "Gasteren is a Dutch village.", "conclusion-FOL": "Village(gasteren) \u2227 In(gasteren, netherlands)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 83} +{"story_id": 29, "premises": "Gasteren is a village located in the province of Drenthe.\nDrenthe is a Dutch province. \nNo cities are villages.\nThe population of a village in Drenthe was 155 people.", "premises-FOL": "Village(gasteren) \u2227 Province(drenthe) \u2227 In(gasteren, drenthe)\nProvince(drenthe) \u2227 In(drenthe, netherlands)\n\u2200x (City(x) \u2192 \u00acVillage(x))\n\u2203x (Population(x, num155) \u2227 Village(x) \u2227 In(x, drenthe))", "conclusion": "Gasteren is a city.", "conclusion-FOL": "City(gasteren)", "label": "False", "example_id": 84} +{"story_id": 29, "premises": "Gasteren is a village located in the province of Drenthe.\nDrenthe is a Dutch province. \nNo cities are villages.\nThe population of a village in Drenthe was 155 people.", "premises-FOL": "Village(gasteren) \u2227 Province(drenthe) \u2227 In(gasteren, drenthe)\nProvince(drenthe) \u2227 In(drenthe, netherlands)\n\u2200x (City(x) \u2192 \u00acVillage(x))\n\u2203x (Population(x, num155) \u2227 Village(x) \u2227 In(x, drenthe))", "conclusion": "Gasteren has a population of 155.", "conclusion-FOL": "Population(gasteren, num155)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 85} +{"story_id": 210, "premises": "The only types of mammals that lay eggs are either platypuses or echidnas.\nPlatypuses are not hyrax.\nEchidnas are not hyrax.\nNo mammals are invertebrates.\nAll animals are either vertebrates or invertebrates.\nMammals are animals.\nHyraxes are mammals.\nGrebes lay eggs.\nGrebes are not platypuses and also not echidnas.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Mammal(x) \u2227 LayEgg(x)) \u2192 (Platypus(x) \u2295 Echidna(x)))\n\u2200x (Platypuses(x) \u2192 \u00acHyrax(x))\n\u2200x (Echidnas(x) \u2192 \u00acHyrax(x))\n\u2200x (Mammal(x) \u2192 \u00acInvertebrate(x))\n\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2192 (Vertebrate(x) \u2228 Invertebrate(x)))\n\u2200x (Mammal(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Hyrax(x) \u2192 Mammal(x))\n\u2200x (Grebes(x) \u2192 LayEgg(x))\n\u2200x (Grebes(x) \u2192 (\u00acPlatypuses(x) \u2227 \u00acEchidnas(x)))", "conclusion": "Hyraxes lay eggs.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Hyrax(x) \u2227 LayEgg(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 599} +{"story_id": 210, "premises": "The only types of mammals that lay eggs are either platypuses or echidnas.\nPlatypuses are not hyrax.\nEchidnas are not hyrax.\nNo mammals are invertebrates.\nAll animals are either vertebrates or invertebrates.\nMammals are animals.\nHyraxes are mammals.\nGrebes lay eggs.\nGrebes are not platypuses and also not echidnas.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Mammal(x) \u2227 LayEgg(x)) \u2192 (Platypus(x) \u2295 Echidna(x)))\n\u2200x (Platypuses(x) \u2192 \u00acHyrax(x))\n\u2200x (Echidnas(x) \u2192 \u00acHyrax(x))\n\u2200x (Mammal(x) \u2192 \u00acInvertebrate(x))\n\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2192 (Vertebrate(x) \u2228 Invertebrate(x)))\n\u2200x (Mammal(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Hyrax(x) \u2192 Mammal(x))\n\u2200x (Grebes(x) \u2192 LayEgg(x))\n\u2200x (Grebes(x) \u2192 (\u00acPlatypuses(x) \u2227 \u00acEchidnas(x)))", "conclusion": "Grebes are not mammals.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Grebes(x) \u2192 \u00acMammal(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 600} +{"story_id": 210, "premises": "The only types of mammals that lay eggs are either platypuses or echidnas.\nPlatypuses are not hyrax.\nEchidnas are not hyrax.\nNo mammals are invertebrates.\nAll animals are either vertebrates or invertebrates.\nMammals are animals.\nHyraxes are mammals.\nGrebes lay eggs.\nGrebes are not platypuses and also not echidnas.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Mammal(x) \u2227 LayEgg(x)) \u2192 (Platypus(x) \u2295 Echidna(x)))\n\u2200x (Platypuses(x) \u2192 \u00acHyrax(x))\n\u2200x (Echidnas(x) \u2192 \u00acHyrax(x))\n\u2200x (Mammal(x) \u2192 \u00acInvertebrate(x))\n\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2192 (Vertebrate(x) \u2228 Invertebrate(x)))\n\u2200x (Mammal(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Hyrax(x) \u2192 Mammal(x))\n\u2200x (Grebes(x) \u2192 LayEgg(x))\n\u2200x (Grebes(x) \u2192 (\u00acPlatypuses(x) \u2227 \u00acEchidnas(x)))", "conclusion": "Platypuses are vertebrates.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Platypuses(x) \u2192 Vertebrate(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 601} +{"story_id": 89, "premises": "Bobby Flynn is a singer-songwriter. \nBobby Flynn finished 7th while competing on Australian Idol.\nAustralian Idol competitors are Australian citizens.\nThe Omega Three band made a nationwide tour in 2007.\nBobby Flynn is a member of The Omega Three band.\nBobby Flynn was born in Queensland.", "premises-FOL": "Singer(bobbyFlynn) \u2227 SongWriter(bobbyFlynn)\nFinishesIn(bobbyFlynn, number7) \u2227 CompetesOnAustralianIdol(bobbyFlynn)\n\u2200x (CompetesOnAustralianIdol(x) \u2192 AustralianCitizen(x))\nNationWideTourIn(theOmegaThreeBand, year2007) \nMember(bobbyFlynn, theOmegaThreeBand)\nBornIn(bobbyFlynn, queensland)", "conclusion": "Bobby Flynn is an Australian citizen.", "conclusion-FOL": "AustralianCitizen(bobbyFlynn)", "label": "True", "example_id": 270} +{"story_id": 89, "premises": "Bobby Flynn is a singer-songwriter. \nBobby Flynn finished 7th while competing on Australian Idol.\nAustralian Idol competitors are Australian citizens.\nThe Omega Three band made a nationwide tour in 2007.\nBobby Flynn is a member of The Omega Three band.\nBobby Flynn was born in Queensland.", "premises-FOL": "Singer(bobbyFlynn) \u2227 SongWriter(bobbyFlynn)\nFinishesIn(bobbyFlynn, number7) \u2227 CompetesOnAustralianIdol(bobbyFlynn)\n\u2200x (CompetesOnAustralianIdol(x) \u2192 AustralianCitizen(x))\nNationWideTourIn(theOmegaThreeBand, year2007) \nMember(bobbyFlynn, theOmegaThreeBand)\nBornIn(bobbyFlynn, queensland)", "conclusion": "Bobby Flynn flew to America in 2007.", "conclusion-FOL": "FlewToIn(bobbyFlynn, america, year2007)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 271} +{"story_id": 89, "premises": "Bobby Flynn is a singer-songwriter. \nBobby Flynn finished 7th while competing on Australian Idol.\nAustralian Idol competitors are Australian citizens.\nThe Omega Three band made a nationwide tour in 2007.\nBobby Flynn is a member of The Omega Three band.\nBobby Flynn was born in Queensland.", "premises-FOL": "Singer(bobbyFlynn) \u2227 SongWriter(bobbyFlynn)\nFinishesIn(bobbyFlynn, number7) \u2227 CompetesOnAustralianIdol(bobbyFlynn)\n\u2200x (CompetesOnAustralianIdol(x) \u2192 AustralianCitizen(x))\nNationWideTourIn(theOmegaThreeBand, year2007) \nMember(bobbyFlynn, theOmegaThreeBand)\nBornIn(bobbyFlynn, queensland)", "conclusion": "Bobby Flynn was born in Queens.", "conclusion-FOL": "BornIn(bobbyFlynn, queens)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 272} +{"story_id": 269, "premises": "All proteins are organic compounds.\nAll enzymes are organic compounds.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Protein(x) \u2192 OrganicCompound(x))\n\u2200x (Enzyme(x) \u2192 OrganicCompound(x))", "conclusion": "All enzymes are proteins.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Enzyme(x) \u2192 Protein(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 713} +{"story_id": 98, "premises": "Maggie Friedman is an American screenwriter and producer.\nMaggie Friedman was the showrunner and executive producer of the lifetime television series Witches of East End.\nWitches of East End is a fantasy-drama series.\nMaggie Friedman produced and developed Eastwick.\nEastwick is a series by ABC.", "premises-FOL": "American(maggieFriedman) \u2227 Screenwriter(maggieFriedman) \u2227 Producer(maggieFriedman)\nShowRunnerOf(maggieFriedman, witchesOfEastEnd) \u2227 ExecutiveProducerOf(maggieFriedman, witchesOfEastEnd) \u2227 LifetimeTelevisionSeries(maggieFriedman)\nFantasyDrama(witchesOfEastEnd) \u2227 Series(witchesOfEastEnd)\nProduces(maggieFriedman, eastwick) \u2227 Develops(maggieFriedman, eastwick)\nSeries(eastwick) \u2227 AiredOn(eastwick, aBC)", "conclusion": "There is a series by ABC that was developed by the showrunner of Witches of East End.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Series(x) \u2227 AiredOn(x, aBC) \u2227 Develops(y, x) \u2227 ShowRunnerOf(y, witchesOfEastEnd))", "label": "True", "example_id": 295} +{"story_id": 98, "premises": "Maggie Friedman is an American screenwriter and producer.\nMaggie Friedman was the showrunner and executive producer of the lifetime television series Witches of East End.\nWitches of East End is a fantasy-drama series.\nMaggie Friedman produced and developed Eastwick.\nEastwick is a series by ABC.", "premises-FOL": "American(maggieFriedman) \u2227 Screenwriter(maggieFriedman) \u2227 Producer(maggieFriedman)\nShowRunnerOf(maggieFriedman, witchesOfEastEnd) \u2227 ExecutiveProducerOf(maggieFriedman, witchesOfEastEnd) \u2227 LifetimeTelevisionSeries(maggieFriedman)\nFantasyDrama(witchesOfEastEnd) \u2227 Series(witchesOfEastEnd)\nProduces(maggieFriedman, eastwick) \u2227 Develops(maggieFriedman, eastwick)\nSeries(eastwick) \u2227 AiredOn(eastwick, aBC)", "conclusion": "No series by ABC was developed by the showrunner of Witches of East End.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Series(x) \u2227 AiredOn(x, aBC) \u2227 \u2203y(ShowRunnerOf(y, witchesOfEastEnd)) \u2192 \u00acDevelops(y, x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 296} +{"story_id": 98, "premises": "Maggie Friedman is an American screenwriter and producer.\nMaggie Friedman was the showrunner and executive producer of the lifetime television series Witches of East End.\nWitches of East End is a fantasy-drama series.\nMaggie Friedman produced and developed Eastwick.\nEastwick is a series by ABC.", "premises-FOL": "American(maggieFriedman) \u2227 Screenwriter(maggieFriedman) \u2227 Producer(maggieFriedman)\nShowRunnerOf(maggieFriedman, witchesOfEastEnd) \u2227 ExecutiveProducerOf(maggieFriedman, witchesOfEastEnd) \u2227 LifetimeTelevisionSeries(maggieFriedman)\nFantasyDrama(witchesOfEastEnd) \u2227 Series(witchesOfEastEnd)\nProduces(maggieFriedman, eastwick) \u2227 Develops(maggieFriedman, eastwick)\nSeries(eastwick) \u2227 AiredOn(eastwick, aBC)", "conclusion": "Maggie Friedman developed Witches of East End.", "conclusion-FOL": "Develops(maggieFriedman, witchesOfEastEnd)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 297} +{"story_id": 119, "premises": "Evangelos Eleftheriou is a Greek electrical engineer.\nEvangelos Eleftheriou worked for IBM in Zurich.\nIf a company has employees working for them somewhere, then they have an office there.\nIBM is a company.", "premises-FOL": "Greek(evangelosEleftheriou) \u2227 ElectricalEngineer(evangelosEleftheriou)\nWorkForIn(evangelosEleftheriou, iBM, zurich)\n\u2200x \u2200x \u2200z (Company(x) \u2227 WorkForIn(y, x, z) \u2192 HaveOfficeIn(x, z))\nCompany(ibm)", "conclusion": "IBM has an office in London or Zurich or both.", "conclusion-FOL": "HaveOfficeIn(ibm, london) \u2228 HaveOfficeIn(ibm, zurich)", "label": "True", "example_id": 358} +{"story_id": 119, "premises": "Evangelos Eleftheriou is a Greek electrical engineer.\nEvangelos Eleftheriou worked for IBM in Zurich.\nIf a company has employees working for them somewhere, then they have an office there.\nIBM is a company.", "premises-FOL": "Greek(evangelosEleftheriou) \u2227 ElectricalEngineer(evangelosEleftheriou)\nWorkForIn(evangelosEleftheriou, iBM, zurich)\n\u2200x \u2200x \u2200z (Company(x) \u2227 WorkForIn(y, x, z) \u2192 HaveOfficeIn(x, z))\nCompany(ibm)", "conclusion": "No Greeks have worked for IBM.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Greek(x) \u2192 \u00acWorkFor(x, ibm))", "label": "False", "example_id": 359} +{"story_id": 148, "premises": "Boney M. had several German #1 singles.\n\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was a big hit all over Europe.\n\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was not in German #1 singles.\nA song that peaks below #1 on the german charts is also a song that is not the #1 single in Germany.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Song(x) \u2227 By(x, boneym,) \u2227 Number1GermanSingle(x))\nSong(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday) \u2227 HitAllOverEurope(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday)\nSong(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday) \u2227 \u00acNumber1GermanSingle(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday)\n\u2200x (PeakBelowOn(x, number1, germanChart) \u2192 \u00acNumber1GermanSingle(x))", "conclusion": "\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was the #1 hit in Germany.", "conclusion-FOL": "Song(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday) \u2227 Number1GermanSingle(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday)", "label": "False", "example_id": 432} +{"story_id": 148, "premises": "Boney M. had several German #1 singles.\n\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was a big hit all over Europe.\n\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was not in German #1 singles.\nA song that peaks below #1 on the german charts is also a song that is not the #1 single in Germany.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Song(x) \u2227 By(x, boneym,) \u2227 Number1GermanSingle(x))\nSong(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday) \u2227 HitAllOverEurope(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday)\nSong(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday) \u2227 \u00acNumber1GermanSingle(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday)\n\u2200x (PeakBelowOn(x, number1, germanChart) \u2192 \u00acNumber1GermanSingle(x))", "conclusion": "\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" peaked below #1 on the German charts.", "conclusion-FOL": "PeaksBelowOn(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday, number1, germanChart)", "label": "True", "example_id": 433} +{"story_id": 148, "premises": "Boney M. had several German #1 singles.\n\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was a big hit all over Europe.\n\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was not in German #1 singles.\nA song that peaks below #1 on the german charts is also a song that is not the #1 single in Germany.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Song(x) \u2227 By(x, boneym,) \u2227 Number1GermanSingle(x))\nSong(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday) \u2227 HitAllOverEurope(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday)\nSong(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday) \u2227 \u00acNumber1GermanSingle(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday)\n\u2200x (PeakBelowOn(x, number1, germanChart) \u2192 \u00acNumber1GermanSingle(x))", "conclusion": "\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" peaked at #3 on the UK charts.", "conclusion-FOL": "PeaksAtOn(hoorayHoorayItsAHoliHoliday, number3, germanChart)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 434} +{"story_id": 249, "premises": "Every chef can cook.\nSome people who aren\u2019t chefs can cook.\nPeople who cook can make scrambled eggs and pasta.\nIf someone can make cookies and muffins, they are a baker.\nBakers who can also make scrambled eggs can make a good breakfast.\nLuke can make cookies, scrambled eggs, and muffins, but not pasta.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Chef(x) \u2192 Can(x, cook))\n\u2203x (\u00acChef(x) \u2227 Can(x, cook))\n\u2200x (Can(x, cook) \u2192 (CanMake(x, scrambledEggs) \u2227 CanMake(x, pasta)))\n\u2200x (CanMake(x, cookies) \u2227 CanMake(x, muffins) \u2192 Baker(x))\n\u2200x ((Baker(x) \u2227 CanMake(x, scrambledEggs)) \u2192 CanMake(x, goodBreakfast))\nCanMake(luke, cookies) \u2227 (CanMake(luke, scrambledEggs) \u2227 CanMake(luke, muffins) \u2227 \u00acCanMake(luke, pasta)", "conclusion": "Luke can make a good breakfast.", "conclusion-FOL": "CanMake(luke, goodBreakfast)", "label": "True", "example_id": 692} +{"story_id": 249, "premises": "Every chef can cook.\nSome people who aren\u2019t chefs can cook.\nPeople who cook can make scrambled eggs and pasta.\nIf someone can make cookies and muffins, they are a baker.\nBakers who can also make scrambled eggs can make a good breakfast.\nLuke can make cookies, scrambled eggs, and muffins, but not pasta.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Chef(x) \u2192 Can(x, cook))\n\u2203x (\u00acChef(x) \u2227 Can(x, cook))\n\u2200x (Can(x, cook) \u2192 (CanMake(x, scrambledEggs) \u2227 CanMake(x, pasta)))\n\u2200x (CanMake(x, cookies) \u2227 CanMake(x, muffins) \u2192 Baker(x))\n\u2200x ((Baker(x) \u2227 CanMake(x, scrambledEggs)) \u2192 CanMake(x, goodBreakfast))\nCanMake(luke, cookies) \u2227 (CanMake(luke, scrambledEggs) \u2227 CanMake(luke, muffins) \u2227 \u00acCanMake(luke, pasta)", "conclusion": "Luke is a chef.", "conclusion-FOL": "Chef(luke)", "label": "False", "example_id": 693} +{"story_id": 196, "premises": "ETS develops various standardized tests primarily in the United States for K-12 and higher education. \nETS administers international tests, including the TOEFL, TOEIC, GRE, and subject tests.\nMany of the assessments ETS develops are associated with entry to the US tertiary and quaternary education institutions. \nETS also develops K-12 statewide assessments used for accountability testing in many states.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Develop(eTS, x) \u2227 Develop(eTS, y) \u2227 StandardizedTest(x) \u2227 StandardizedTest(y) \u2227 In(x, unitedState) \u2227 In(y, unitedState) \u2227 For(x, k12AndHigherEducation) \u2227 For(y, k12AndHigherEducation))\n\u2203x (Administer(eTS, x) \u2227 InternationalTest(x) \u2227 (TOEFL(x) \u2228 TOEIC(x) \u2228 GRE(x) \u2228 SubjectTest(x)))\n\u2203x (Develop(eTS, x) \u2227 AssociatedWith(x, entryToUSEducationInstitution))\n\u2203x (Develop(eTS, x) \u2227 StateWideAssesment(x) \u2227 UsedFor(x, accountabilityTesting))", "conclusion": "ETS develops assessments for K-12 statewide as well as entry to US tertiary and quaternary education institutions.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Develop(eTS, x) \u2227 StateWideAssesment(x) \u2227 Develop(eTS, y) \u2227 AssociatedWith(y, entryToUSEducationInstitution))", "label": "True", "example_id": 557} +{"story_id": 196, "premises": "ETS develops various standardized tests primarily in the United States for K-12 and higher education. \nETS administers international tests, including the TOEFL, TOEIC, GRE, and subject tests.\nMany of the assessments ETS develops are associated with entry to the US tertiary and quaternary education institutions. \nETS also develops K-12 statewide assessments used for accountability testing in many states.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Develop(eTS, x) \u2227 Develop(eTS, y) \u2227 StandardizedTest(x) \u2227 StandardizedTest(y) \u2227 In(x, unitedState) \u2227 In(y, unitedState) \u2227 For(x, k12AndHigherEducation) \u2227 For(y, k12AndHigherEducation))\n\u2203x (Administer(eTS, x) \u2227 InternationalTest(x) \u2227 (TOEFL(x) \u2228 TOEIC(x) \u2228 GRE(x) \u2228 SubjectTest(x)))\n\u2203x (Develop(eTS, x) \u2227 AssociatedWith(x, entryToUSEducationInstitution))\n\u2203x (Develop(eTS, x) \u2227 StateWideAssesment(x) \u2227 UsedFor(x, accountabilityTesting))", "conclusion": "ETS doesn't administer tests internationally.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Administer(eTS, x) \u2192 \u00acInternationalTest(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 558} +{"story_id": 196, "premises": "ETS develops various standardized tests primarily in the United States for K-12 and higher education. \nETS administers international tests, including the TOEFL, TOEIC, GRE, and subject tests.\nMany of the assessments ETS develops are associated with entry to the US tertiary and quaternary education institutions. \nETS also develops K-12 statewide assessments used for accountability testing in many states.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Develop(eTS, x) \u2227 Develop(eTS, y) \u2227 StandardizedTest(x) \u2227 StandardizedTest(y) \u2227 In(x, unitedState) \u2227 In(y, unitedState) \u2227 For(x, k12AndHigherEducation) \u2227 For(y, k12AndHigherEducation))\n\u2203x (Administer(eTS, x) \u2227 InternationalTest(x) \u2227 (TOEFL(x) \u2228 TOEIC(x) \u2228 GRE(x) \u2228 SubjectTest(x)))\n\u2203x (Develop(eTS, x) \u2227 AssociatedWith(x, entryToUSEducationInstitution))\n\u2203x (Develop(eTS, x) \u2227 StateWideAssesment(x) \u2227 UsedFor(x, accountabilityTesting))", "conclusion": "ETS administers international tests including the TOEFL, GRE and subject tests in China.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Administer(eTS, x) \u2227 InChina(x) \u2227 (TOEFL(x) \u2228 TOEIC(x) \u2228 GRE(x) \u2228 SubjectTest(x)))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 559} +{"story_id": 373, "premises": "All hodophiles who enjoy eating gelato ice cream would enjoy a vacation to Italy.\nNo hodophiles can resist the hallmark delectable desserts famous in Italy.\nHodophiles enjoy eating gelato ice cream or love to travel and vacation often, or both.\nNo hodophiles who study abroad in Europe regret their college experiences.\nIf hodophiles love to travel and vacation often, then they study abroad in Europe.\nRobert is a hodophile, and he either enjoys eating gelato ice cream and loves to travel and vacation often, or does not enjoy eating gelato ice cream and does not love to travel and vacation often.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2227 EnjoyEating(x, gelato) \u2192 Enjoy(x, vacationToItaly))\n\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2227 \u00ac(\u2203y (Resist(x, y) \u2227 Hallmark(y) \u2227 Delectabl(y) \u2227 Dessert(y) \u2227 FamousIn(y, italy))))\n\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2192 (EnjoyEating(x, gelato) \u2228 LoveToTravelOften(x))\n\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2227 TakeIn(x, studyAbroadSemester, europe) \u2192 \u00acRegret(x, collegeExperience))\n\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2227 LoveToTravelOften(x) \u2192 TakeIn(x, studyAbroadSemester, europe))\nHodophiles(robert) \u2227 \u00ac(EnjoyEating(robert, gelato) \u2295 LoveToTravelOften(robert))", "conclusion": "Robert can resist the hallmark delectable desserts that are famous in Italy.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203y (Resist(robert, y) \u2227 Hallmark(y) \u2227 Delectabl(y) \u2227 Dessert(y) \u2227 FamousIn(y, italy))", "label": "False", "example_id": 993} +{"story_id": 373, "premises": "All hodophiles who enjoy eating gelato ice cream would enjoy a vacation to Italy.\nNo hodophiles can resist the hallmark delectable desserts famous in Italy.\nHodophiles enjoy eating gelato ice cream or love to travel and vacation often, or both.\nNo hodophiles who study abroad in Europe regret their college experiences.\nIf hodophiles love to travel and vacation often, then they study abroad in Europe.\nRobert is a hodophile, and he either enjoys eating gelato ice cream and loves to travel and vacation often, or does not enjoy eating gelato ice cream and does not love to travel and vacation often.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2227 EnjoyEating(x, gelato) \u2192 Enjoy(x, vacationToItaly))\n\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2227 \u00ac(\u2203y (Resist(x, y) \u2227 Hallmark(y) \u2227 Delectabl(y) \u2227 Dessert(y) \u2227 FamousIn(y, italy))))\n\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2192 (EnjoyEating(x, gelato) \u2228 LoveToTravelOften(x))\n\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2227 TakeIn(x, studyAbroadSemester, europe) \u2192 \u00acRegret(x, collegeExperience))\n\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2227 LoveToTravelOften(x) \u2192 TakeIn(x, studyAbroadSemester, europe))\nHodophiles(robert) \u2227 \u00ac(EnjoyEating(robert, gelato) \u2295 LoveToTravelOften(robert))", "conclusion": "If Robert either would both enjoy a vacation to Italy and regrets his college experiences or neither would enjoy a vacation to Italy nor regrets his college experiences, then Robert would either enjoy a vacation to Italy or he can resist the hallmark delectable desserts that are famous in Italy.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac((Enjoy(robert, vacation) \u2227 In(vacation, italy)) \u2295 Regret(x, collegeExperiences)) \u2192 Enjoy(robert, vacation) \u2227 In(vacation, italy) \u2295 (\u2203y (Resist(robert, y) \u2227 Hallmark(y) \u2227 Delectabl(y) \u2227 Dessert(y) \u2227 FamousIn(y, italy))", "label": "True", "example_id": 994} +{"story_id": 373, "premises": "All hodophiles who enjoy eating gelato ice cream would enjoy a vacation to Italy.\nNo hodophiles can resist the hallmark delectable desserts famous in Italy.\nHodophiles enjoy eating gelato ice cream or love to travel and vacation often, or both.\nNo hodophiles who study abroad in Europe regret their college experiences.\nIf hodophiles love to travel and vacation often, then they study abroad in Europe.\nRobert is a hodophile, and he either enjoys eating gelato ice cream and loves to travel and vacation often, or does not enjoy eating gelato ice cream and does not love to travel and vacation often.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2227 EnjoyEating(x, gelato) \u2192 Enjoy(x, vacationToItaly))\n\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2227 \u00ac(\u2203y (Resist(x, y) \u2227 Hallmark(y) \u2227 Delectabl(y) \u2227 Dessert(y) \u2227 FamousIn(y, italy))))\n\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2192 (EnjoyEating(x, gelato) \u2228 LoveToTravelOften(x))\n\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2227 TakeIn(x, studyAbroadSemester, europe) \u2192 \u00acRegret(x, collegeExperience))\n\u2200x (Hodophiles(x) \u2227 LoveToTravelOften(x) \u2192 TakeIn(x, studyAbroadSemester, europe))\nHodophiles(robert) \u2227 \u00ac(EnjoyEating(robert, gelato) \u2295 LoveToTravelOften(robert))", "conclusion": "If Robert is not both a person who can resist the hallmark delectable desserts that are famous in Italy and regrets his college experiences, then Robert either enjoys eating gelato ice cream or would enjoy a vacation to Italy.", "conclusion-FOL": "(\u2203y (Resist(robert, y) \u2227 Hallmark(y) \u2227 Delectabl(y) \u2227 Dessert(y) \u2227 FamousIn(y, italy))) \u2227 Regret(robert, collegeExperience)) \u2192 (EnjoyEating(robert, gelato) \u2295 (Enjoy(robert, vacation) \u2227 In(vacation, italy))", "label": "False", "example_id": 995} +{"story_id": 312, "premises": "To have the authorization to study in the United States as a foreigner, you must be enrolled in an academic program.\nThose who are enrolled in an academic program can not work full-time.\nEvery who studies in the United States as a foreigner has the authorization to study in the U.S.\nAll PhD graduate can work full-time. \nIf Tom does not study in the United States as a foreigner, he is enrolled in an academic program.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Have(x, authorization, studyIn, unitedStates) \u2192 EnrolledIn(x, academicProgram))\n\u2200x (EnrolledIn(x, academicProgram) \u2192 \u00acWork(x, fullTime))\n\u2200x (StudyIn(x, unitedStates) \u2192 Have(x, authorization, studyIn, unitedStates))\n\u2200x (PhDGraduate(x) \u2192 Work(x, fullTime))\n\u00acStudyIn(x, unitedStates) \u2192 EnrolledIn(x, academicProgram)", "conclusion": "Tom is a PhD graduate.", "conclusion-FOL": "PhdGraduate(tom)", "label": "False", "example_id": 776} +{"story_id": 312, "premises": "To have the authorization to study in the United States as a foreigner, you must be enrolled in an academic program.\nThose who are enrolled in an academic program can not work full-time.\nEvery who studies in the United States as a foreigner has the authorization to study in the U.S.\nAll PhD graduate can work full-time. \nIf Tom does not study in the United States as a foreigner, he is enrolled in an academic program.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Have(x, authorization, studyIn, unitedStates) \u2192 EnrolledIn(x, academicProgram))\n\u2200x (EnrolledIn(x, academicProgram) \u2192 \u00acWork(x, fullTime))\n\u2200x (StudyIn(x, unitedStates) \u2192 Have(x, authorization, studyIn, unitedStates))\n\u2200x (PhDGraduate(x) \u2192 Work(x, fullTime))\n\u00acStudyIn(x, unitedStates) \u2192 EnrolledIn(x, academicProgram)", "conclusion": "Tom is not a PhD graduate.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acPhdGraduate(tom)", "label": "True", "example_id": 777} +{"story_id": 312, "premises": "To have the authorization to study in the United States as a foreigner, you must be enrolled in an academic program.\nThose who are enrolled in an academic program can not work full-time.\nEvery who studies in the United States as a foreigner has the authorization to study in the U.S.\nAll PhD graduate can work full-time. \nIf Tom does not study in the United States as a foreigner, he is enrolled in an academic program.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Have(x, authorization, studyIn, unitedStates) \u2192 EnrolledIn(x, academicProgram))\n\u2200x (EnrolledIn(x, academicProgram) \u2192 \u00acWork(x, fullTime))\n\u2200x (StudyIn(x, unitedStates) \u2192 Have(x, authorization, studyIn, unitedStates))\n\u2200x (PhDGraduate(x) \u2192 Work(x, fullTime))\n\u00acStudyIn(x, unitedStates) \u2192 EnrolledIn(x, academicProgram)", "conclusion": "Tom wants to study abroad.", "conclusion-FOL": "StudyIn(tom, unitedStates)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 778} +{"story_id": 134, "premises": "Islip Speedway is the smallest race track.\nThere was a demolition derby on the smallest race track.\nIslip is either demolished or still being used.\nSpeedways that are still being used have races held at them.\nIslip doesn't have races held at it.", "premises-FOL": "Speedway(islip) \u2227 SmallestRaceTrack(islip)\n\u2203x \u2203y (DemolitionDerby(x) \u2227 SmallestRaceTrack(y) \u2227 On(x, y))\nDemolished(islip) \u2295 StillUsed(islip)\n\u2200x (Speedway(x) \u2227 StillUsed(x) \u2192 Have(races, heldAt, x))\n\u00acHave(races, heldAt, islip)", "conclusion": "There has been a demolition derby somewhere that has since been demolished.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (DemolitionDerby(x) \u2227 On(x, y) \u2227 Demolished(y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 395} +{"story_id": 134, "premises": "Islip Speedway is the smallest race track.\nThere was a demolition derby on the smallest race track.\nIslip is either demolished or still being used.\nSpeedways that are still being used have races held at them.\nIslip doesn't have races held at it.", "premises-FOL": "Speedway(islip) \u2227 SmallestRaceTrack(islip)\n\u2203x \u2203y (DemolitionDerby(x) \u2227 SmallestRaceTrack(y) \u2227 On(x, y))\nDemolished(islip) \u2295 StillUsed(islip)\n\u2200x (Speedway(x) \u2227 StillUsed(x) \u2192 Have(races, heldAt, x))\n\u00acHave(races, heldAt, islip)", "conclusion": "Islip was demolished.", "conclusion-FOL": "Demolished(islip)", "label": "True", "example_id": 396} +{"story_id": 134, "premises": "Islip Speedway is the smallest race track.\nThere was a demolition derby on the smallest race track.\nIslip is either demolished or still being used.\nSpeedways that are still being used have races held at them.\nIslip doesn't have races held at it.", "premises-FOL": "Speedway(islip) \u2227 SmallestRaceTrack(islip)\n\u2203x \u2203y (DemolitionDerby(x) \u2227 SmallestRaceTrack(y) \u2227 On(x, y))\nDemolished(islip) \u2295 StillUsed(islip)\n\u2200x (Speedway(x) \u2227 StillUsed(x) \u2192 Have(races, heldAt, x))\n\u00acHave(races, heldAt, islip)", "conclusion": "Islip is still being used.", "conclusion-FOL": "StillUsed(islip)", "label": "False", "example_id": 397} +{"story_id": 427, "premises": "If a person pays their taxes, then they contribute to the country. \nEveryone who works for a government department pays a tax on their salary. \nEveryone in the army is an employee of a government department.\nEveryone convicted of murder goes to prison. \nEveryone who has been to prison has a criminal record.\nJames was either once convicted of murder, or spent time in prison.\nJames either has a criminal record, or pays his taxes. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Taxpayer(x) \u2192 ContributeTo(x, country))\n\u2200x (WorkFor(x, governmentAgency) \u2192 Taxpayer(x))\n\u2200x (ServesIn(x, theArmy) \u2192 WorkFor(x, governmentAgency))\n\u2200x (SentencedForMurder(x) \u2192 Imprisoned(x))\n\u2200x (Imprisoned((x) \u2192 Has(x, criminalRecord))\nSentencedForMurder(james) \u2295 Imprisoned(james) \nHas(james, criminalRecord) \u2295 Taxpayer(james)", "conclusion": "James contributes to the country.", "conclusion-FOL": "ContributeToCountry(james)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1211} +{"story_id": 427, "premises": "If a person pays their taxes, then they contribute to the country. \nEveryone who works for a government department pays a tax on their salary. \nEveryone in the army is an employee of a government department.\nEveryone convicted of murder goes to prison. \nEveryone who has been to prison has a criminal record.\nJames was either once convicted of murder, or spent time in prison.\nJames either has a criminal record, or pays his taxes. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Taxpayer(x) \u2192 ContributeTo(x, country))\n\u2200x (WorkFor(x, governmentAgency) \u2192 Taxpayer(x))\n\u2200x (ServesIn(x, theArmy) \u2192 WorkFor(x, governmentAgency))\n\u2200x (SentencedForMurder(x) \u2192 Imprisoned(x))\n\u2200x (Imprisoned((x) \u2192 Has(x, criminalRecord))\nSentencedForMurder(james) \u2295 Imprisoned(james) \nHas(james, criminalRecord) \u2295 Taxpayer(james)", "conclusion": "James does not contribute to the country.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acContributeTo(james, country)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1212} +{"story_id": 427, "premises": "If a person pays their taxes, then they contribute to the country. \nEveryone who works for a government department pays a tax on their salary. \nEveryone in the army is an employee of a government department.\nEveryone convicted of murder goes to prison. \nEveryone who has been to prison has a criminal record.\nJames was either once convicted of murder, or spent time in prison.\nJames either has a criminal record, or pays his taxes. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Taxpayer(x) \u2192 ContributeTo(x, country))\n\u2200x (WorkFor(x, governmentAgency) \u2192 Taxpayer(x))\n\u2200x (ServesIn(x, theArmy) \u2192 WorkFor(x, governmentAgency))\n\u2200x (SentencedForMurder(x) \u2192 Imprisoned(x))\n\u2200x (Imprisoned((x) \u2192 Has(x, criminalRecord))\nSentencedForMurder(james) \u2295 Imprisoned(james) \nHas(james, criminalRecord) \u2295 Taxpayer(james)", "conclusion": "James contributes to the country and he serves in the army.", "conclusion-FOL": "ContributeTo(james, country) \u2227 ServesIn(james, army)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1213} +{"story_id": 427, "premises": "If a person pays their taxes, then they contribute to the country. \nEveryone who works for a government department pays a tax on their salary. \nEveryone in the army is an employee of a government department.\nEveryone convicted of murder goes to prison. \nEveryone who has been to prison has a criminal record.\nJames was either once convicted of murder, or spent time in prison.\nJames either has a criminal record, or pays his taxes. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Taxpayer(x) \u2192 ContributeTo(x, country))\n\u2200x (WorkFor(x, governmentAgency) \u2192 Taxpayer(x))\n\u2200x (ServesIn(x, theArmy) \u2192 WorkFor(x, governmentAgency))\n\u2200x (SentencedForMurder(x) \u2192 Imprisoned(x))\n\u2200x (Imprisoned((x) \u2192 Has(x, criminalRecord))\nSentencedForMurder(james) \u2295 Imprisoned(james) \nHas(james, criminalRecord) \u2295 Taxpayer(james)", "conclusion": "James does not contribute to the country and does not serve in the army.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(ContributeTo(james, country) \u2227 ServesIn(james, army))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1214} +{"story_id": 12, "premises": "The Croton River watershed is the drainage basin of the Croton River.\nThe Croton River is in southwestern New York.\nWater from the Croton River watershed flows to the Bronx.\nThe Bronx is in New York.", "premises-FOL": "DrainageBasinOf(crotonRiverWatershed, crotonRiver)\nIn(crotonRiver, southwesternNewYork)\n\u2200x ((Water(x) \u2227 In(x, crotonRiverWatershed)) \u2192 FlowsTo(x, bronx))\nIn(bronx, newYork)", "conclusion": "Water from the Croton River watershed flows to somewhere in New York.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x ((Water(x) \u2227 From(x, crotonRiverWatershed)) \u2192 \u2203y(FlowsTo(x, y) \u2227 In(y, newYork)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 32} +{"story_id": 12, "premises": "The Croton River watershed is the drainage basin of the Croton River.\nThe Croton River is in southwestern New York.\nWater from the Croton River watershed flows to the Bronx.\nThe Bronx is in New York.", "premises-FOL": "DrainageBasinOf(crotonRiverWatershed, crotonRiver)\nIn(crotonRiver, southwesternNewYork)\n\u2200x ((Water(x) \u2227 In(x, crotonRiverWatershed)) \u2192 FlowsTo(x, bronx))\nIn(bronx, newYork)", "conclusion": "The Croton River watershed is in the Bronx.", "conclusion-FOL": "In(crotonRiverWatershed, bronx)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 33} +{"story_id": 12, "premises": "The Croton River watershed is the drainage basin of the Croton River.\nThe Croton River is in southwestern New York.\nWater from the Croton River watershed flows to the Bronx.\nThe Bronx is in New York.", "premises-FOL": "DrainageBasinOf(crotonRiverWatershed, crotonRiver)\nIn(crotonRiver, southwesternNewYork)\n\u2200x ((Water(x) \u2227 In(x, crotonRiverWatershed)) \u2192 FlowsTo(x, bronx))\nIn(bronx, newYork)", "conclusion": "Water from the Croton River flows to the Bronx.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Water(x) \u2227 From(x, crotonRiver) \u2192 FlowsTo(x, bronx))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 34} +{"story_id": 261, "premises": "All nuclear-powered submarines are warships.\nNo nuclear-powered submarines are commercial vessels.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (NuclearPoweredSubmarine(x) \u2192 Warship(x))\n\u2200x (NuclearPoweredSubmarine(x) \u2192 \u00acCommercialVessel(x))", "conclusion": "No warships are commercial vessels.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Warship(x) \u2192 \u00acCommercialVessel(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 705} +{"story_id": 67, "premises": "If an album is written by a rock band, then the genre of the album is rock.\nIf a band writes an album winning an award, then this band wins this award.\nTrouble at the Henhouse is an album by The Tragically Hip.\nThe Tragically Hip is a Canadian rock band.\nThe song \"Butts Wigglin'\" is in Trouble at the Henhouse.\nTrouble at the Henhouse won the Album of the Year award.\nA song in Trouble at the Henhouse appeared in a film.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (AlbumByBand(x, y) \u2227 RockBand(y, z) \u2192 Genre(x, rock))\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (AlbumByBand(x, y) \u2227 AlbumAward(x, z) \u2192 RockBandAward(y, z))\nAlbumByBand(trouble_at_the_Henhouse, the_Tragically_Hip)\nRockBand(the_Tragically_Hip, canada)\nSongInAlbum(butts_Wigglin, trouble_at_the_Henhouse)\nAlbumAward(trouble_at_the_Henhouse, the_Album_of_the_Year)\n\u2203x (SongInFilm(x) \u2227 SongInAlbum(x, trouble_at_the_Henhouse))", "conclusion": "The genre of Trouble at the Henhouse is rock.", "conclusion-FOL": "Genre(troubleAtTheHenhouse, rock)", "label": "True", "example_id": 198} +{"story_id": 67, "premises": "If an album is written by a rock band, then the genre of the album is rock.\nIf a band writes an album winning an award, then this band wins this award.\nTrouble at the Henhouse is an album by The Tragically Hip.\nThe Tragically Hip is a Canadian rock band.\nThe song \"Butts Wigglin'\" is in Trouble at the Henhouse.\nTrouble at the Henhouse won the Album of the Year award.\nA song in Trouble at the Henhouse appeared in a film.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (AlbumByBand(x, y) \u2227 RockBand(y, z) \u2192 Genre(x, rock))\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (AlbumByBand(x, y) \u2227 AlbumAward(x, z) \u2192 RockBandAward(y, z))\nAlbumByBand(trouble_at_the_Henhouse, the_Tragically_Hip)\nRockBand(the_Tragically_Hip, canada)\nSongInAlbum(butts_Wigglin, trouble_at_the_Henhouse)\nAlbumAward(trouble_at_the_Henhouse, the_Album_of_the_Year)\n\u2203x (SongInFilm(x) \u2227 SongInAlbum(x, trouble_at_the_Henhouse))", "conclusion": "No Canadian rock band has won the Album of the Year award.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac\u2203x(RockBand(x, canada) \u2227 Award(x, theAlbumOfTheYear))", "label": "False", "example_id": 199} +{"story_id": 67, "premises": "If an album is written by a rock band, then the genre of the album is rock.\nIf a band writes an album winning an award, then this band wins this award.\nTrouble at the Henhouse is an album by The Tragically Hip.\nThe Tragically Hip is a Canadian rock band.\nThe song \"Butts Wigglin'\" is in Trouble at the Henhouse.\nTrouble at the Henhouse won the Album of the Year award.\nA song in Trouble at the Henhouse appeared in a film.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (AlbumByBand(x, y) \u2227 RockBand(y, z) \u2192 Genre(x, rock))\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (AlbumByBand(x, y) \u2227 AlbumAward(x, z) \u2192 RockBandAward(y, z))\nAlbumByBand(trouble_at_the_Henhouse, the_Tragically_Hip)\nRockBand(the_Tragically_Hip, canada)\nSongInAlbum(butts_Wigglin, trouble_at_the_Henhouse)\nAlbumAward(trouble_at_the_Henhouse, the_Album_of_the_Year)\n\u2203x (SongInFilm(x) \u2227 SongInAlbum(x, trouble_at_the_Henhouse))", "conclusion": "\"Butts Wigglin'\" appeared in a film.", "conclusion-FOL": "SongInFilm(buttsWigglin)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 200} +{"story_id": 238, "premises": "Daniel is a software engineer, and he works at Palantir Technologies.\nDaniel studied bioengineering during his undergraduate at Rice University.\nDaniel\u2019s older sister works at Meta as a technical sourcer. \nDaniel\u2019s dad and older sister both graduated from Stanford University.\nDaniel\u2019s dad is a doctor practicing internal medicine at a veteran\u2019s hospital in Minneapolis.", "premises-FOL": "SoftwareEngineer(daniel) \u2227 WorksAt(daniel, palantirTechnologies)\nStudied(daniel, bioengineering) \u2227 UndergraduateAt(daniel, riceUniversity)\nWorksAtMeta(danielsOlderSister) \u2227 TechnicalSourcer(danielsOlderSister)\n GraduatedFromStanfordUniversity(danielsOlderSister) \u2227 GraduatedFromStanfordUniversity(danielsDad)\nDoctor(danielsDad) \u2227 Practicing(danielsDad, internalMedicine) \u2227 PracticingAt(danielsDad, veteransHospital) \u2227 In(veteransHospital, minneapolis)", "conclusion": "Daniel once applied to Stanford University, but he couldn\u2019t get in even though he has family members who are Stanford alumni.", "conclusion-FOL": "AppliedTo(daniel, stanfordUniversity) \u2227 \u00acGotInto(daniel, stanfordUniversity) \u2227 Alumni(danielsFamilyMembers, stanfordUniversity)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 676} +{"story_id": 238, "premises": "Daniel is a software engineer, and he works at Palantir Technologies.\nDaniel studied bioengineering during his undergraduate at Rice University.\nDaniel\u2019s older sister works at Meta as a technical sourcer. \nDaniel\u2019s dad and older sister both graduated from Stanford University.\nDaniel\u2019s dad is a doctor practicing internal medicine at a veteran\u2019s hospital in Minneapolis.", "premises-FOL": "SoftwareEngineer(daniel) \u2227 WorksAt(daniel, palantirTechnologies)\nStudied(daniel, bioengineering) \u2227 UndergraduateAt(daniel, riceUniversity)\nWorksAtMeta(danielsOlderSister) \u2227 TechnicalSourcer(danielsOlderSister)\n GraduatedFromStanfordUniversity(danielsOlderSister) \u2227 GraduatedFromStanfordUniversity(danielsDad)\nDoctor(danielsDad) \u2227 Practicing(danielsDad, internalMedicine) \u2227 PracticingAt(danielsDad, veteransHospital) \u2227 In(veteransHospital, minneapolis)", "conclusion": "Daniel studied bioengineering as an undergraduate at Rice University.", "conclusion-FOL": "Studied(daniel, bioengineering) \u2227 UndergraduateAt(daniel, riceUniversity)", "label": "True", "example_id": 677} +{"story_id": 238, "premises": "Daniel is a software engineer, and he works at Palantir Technologies.\nDaniel studied bioengineering during his undergraduate at Rice University.\nDaniel\u2019s older sister works at Meta as a technical sourcer. \nDaniel\u2019s dad and older sister both graduated from Stanford University.\nDaniel\u2019s dad is a doctor practicing internal medicine at a veteran\u2019s hospital in Minneapolis.", "premises-FOL": "SoftwareEngineer(daniel) \u2227 WorksAt(daniel, palantirTechnologies)\nStudied(daniel, bioengineering) \u2227 UndergraduateAt(daniel, riceUniversity)\nWorksAtMeta(danielsOlderSister) \u2227 TechnicalSourcer(danielsOlderSister)\n GraduatedFromStanfordUniversity(danielsOlderSister) \u2227 GraduatedFromStanfordUniversity(danielsDad)\nDoctor(danielsDad) \u2227 Practicing(danielsDad, internalMedicine) \u2227 PracticingAt(danielsDad, veteransHospital) \u2227 In(veteransHospital, minneapolis)", "conclusion": "Daniel and his sister grew up in Minneapolis, Minnesota.", "conclusion-FOL": "GrewUpIn(daniel, minneapolis) \u2227 GrewUpIn(danielsOlderSister, minneapolis)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 678} +{"story_id": 108, "premises": "The world's only major large passenger aircraft manufacturers are Boeing and Airbus.\nAll American Airlines planes are from the world's major large passenger aircraft manufacturers. \nAirbus made more revenue than Boeing last year.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorldMajorLargePassengerAircraftManufacturer(x) \u2192 x=boeing \u2295 x=airbus)\n\u2200x (AmericanAirlinesAircraft(x) \u2192 WorldMajorLargePassengerAircraftManufacturer(x))\nMoreInRevenue(airbus, boeing)", "conclusion": "An American Airlines plane is either a Boeing or Airbus plane.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (AmericanAirlinesPlane(x) \u2192 x=boeing \u2295 x=airbus)", "label": "True", "example_id": 326} +{"story_id": 108, "premises": "The world's only major large passenger aircraft manufacturers are Boeing and Airbus.\nAll American Airlines planes are from the world's major large passenger aircraft manufacturers. \nAirbus made more revenue than Boeing last year.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorldMajorLargePassengerAircraftManufacturer(x) \u2192 x=boeing \u2295 x=airbus)\n\u2200x (AmericanAirlinesAircraft(x) \u2192 WorldMajorLargePassengerAircraftManufacturer(x))\nMoreInRevenue(airbus, boeing)", "conclusion": "There exists a SpaceX commercial aircraft.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (CommercialAircraft(x) \u2227 x=spaceX)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 327} +{"story_id": 108, "premises": "The world's only major large passenger aircraft manufacturers are Boeing and Airbus.\nAll American Airlines planes are from the world's major large passenger aircraft manufacturers. \nAirbus made more revenue than Boeing last year.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorldMajorLargePassengerAircraftManufacturer(x) \u2192 x=boeing \u2295 x=airbus)\n\u2200x (AmericanAirlinesAircraft(x) \u2192 WorldMajorLargePassengerAircraftManufacturer(x))\nMoreInRevenue(airbus, boeing)", "conclusion": "There does not exist a United Airlines plane produced by Boeing.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (UnitedAirlinesAircraft(x) \u2192 \u00ac(x=boeing))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 328} +{"story_id": 108, "premises": "The world's only major large passenger aircraft manufacturers are Boeing and Airbus.\nAll American Airlines planes are from the world's major large passenger aircraft manufacturers. \nAirbus made more revenue than Boeing last year.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorldMajorLargePassengerAircraftManufacturer(x) \u2192 x=boeing \u2295 x=airbus)\n\u2200x (AmericanAirlinesAircraft(x) \u2192 WorldMajorLargePassengerAircraftManufacturer(x))\nMoreInRevenue(airbus, boeing)", "conclusion": "There is a commercial plane made by both Airbus and Boeing.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (WorldMajorLargePassengerAircraftManufacturer(x) \u2227 ProducedBy(x, airbus) \u2227 ProducedBy(x, boeing))", "label": "False", "example_id": 329} +{"story_id": 84, "premises": "Luzon is an island in the Philippines.\nIn December 1999, an earthquake struck Luzon.\nPeople died in the December 1999 earthquake in Luzon.", "premises-FOL": "Island(luzon) \u2227 In(luzon, philippines)\n\u2203x (Earthquake(x) \u2227 StrikeInYr(x, year1999) \u2227 StrikeInMo(x, december) \u2227 StrikeInCity(x, luzon))\n\u2203x (Earthquake(x) \u2227 StrikeInYr(x, year1999) \u2227 StrikeInMo(x, december) \u2227 StrikeInCity(x, luzon) \u2227 Deadly(x))", "conclusion": "Leyte is an island in the Philippines.", "conclusion-FOL": "Island(leyte) \u2227 In(leyte, philippines)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 255} +{"story_id": 84, "premises": "Luzon is an island in the Philippines.\nIn December 1999, an earthquake struck Luzon.\nPeople died in the December 1999 earthquake in Luzon.", "premises-FOL": "Island(luzon) \u2227 In(luzon, philippines)\n\u2203x (Earthquake(x) \u2227 StrikeInYr(x, year1999) \u2227 StrikeInMo(x, december) \u2227 StrikeInCity(x, luzon))\n\u2203x (Earthquake(x) \u2227 StrikeInYr(x, year1999) \u2227 StrikeInMo(x, december) \u2227 StrikeInCity(x, luzon) \u2227 Deadly(x))", "conclusion": "No one has ever died in an earthquake that struck the Philippines.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y ((Earthquake(x) \u2227 StrikeInCity(x, y) \u2227 In(y, philippines)) \u2192 \u00acDeadly(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 256} +{"story_id": 84, "premises": "Luzon is an island in the Philippines.\nIn December 1999, an earthquake struck Luzon.\nPeople died in the December 1999 earthquake in Luzon.", "premises-FOL": "Island(luzon) \u2227 In(luzon, philippines)\n\u2203x (Earthquake(x) \u2227 StrikeInYr(x, year1999) \u2227 StrikeInMo(x, december) \u2227 StrikeInCity(x, luzon))\n\u2203x (Earthquake(x) \u2227 StrikeInYr(x, year1999) \u2227 StrikeInMo(x, december) \u2227 StrikeInCity(x, luzon) \u2227 Deadly(x))", "conclusion": "In 1999, there was at least one earthquake in the Philippines.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Earthquake(x) \u2227 StrikeInYr(x, year1999) \u2227 StrikeInMo(x, december) \u2227 StrikeInCity(x, y) \u2227 In(y, philippines))", "label": "True", "example_id": 257} +{"story_id": 362, "premises": "People who like financial risks invest in the public stock market regularly or enjoy gambling regularly.\nIf people invest in the public stock market regularly, then they read the Wall Street Journal and other newspapers regularly to keep updated on financial metrics.\nAll people who enjoy enjoy gambling regularly spend a lot of money at casinos or other betting games.\nPeople who spend a lot of money at casinos and other betting games would enjoy visiting the Las Vegas Strip.\nPeople who spend a lot of money at casinos and other betting games are at risk of gambling addiction.\nMatt does not invest in the public stock market regularly. \nMatt likes financial risks.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Like(x, financialRisk) \u2192 InvestInRegularly(x, publicStockMarket) \u2228 EnjoyRegularly(x, gambling))\n\u2200x (InvestInRegularly(x, publicStockMarket) \u2192 ReadToKeepUpdatedOn(x, theWallStreetJournal, financialMetric) \u2228 (\u2203y (\u00ac(y=theWallStreetJournal) \u2227 NewsPaper(y) \u2227 ReadToKeepUpdatedOn(x, y, financialMetric))))\n\u2200x (EnjoyRegularly(x, gambling) \u2192 SpendAt(x, alotOfMoney, casino) \u2228 (\u2203y (\u00ac(y=casino) \u2227 BettingGame(y) \u2227 SpendAt(x, aLotOfMoney, y)))\n\u2200x (SpendAt(x, alotOfMoney, casino) \u2228 (\u2203y (\u00ac(y=casino) \u2227 BettingGame(y) \u2227 SpendAt(x, aLotOfMoney, y))) \u2192 EnjoyVisiting(x, theLasVegasStrip))\n\u2200x (SpendAt(x, alotOfMoney, casino) \u2228 (\u2203y (\u00ac(y=casino) \u2227 BettingGame(y) \u2227 SpendAt(x, aLotOfMoney, y)) \u2192 AtRiskOf(x, gamblingAddiction))\nInvestInRegularly(matt, publicStockMarket)\nLike(matt, financialRisk)", "conclusion": "Matt reads the Wall Street Journal and other newspapers regularly to keep updated on financial metrics.", "conclusion-FOL": "Newspapers(matt)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 961} +{"story_id": 362, "premises": "People who like financial risks invest in the public stock market regularly or enjoy gambling regularly.\nIf people invest in the public stock market regularly, then they read the Wall Street Journal and other newspapers regularly to keep updated on financial metrics.\nAll people who enjoy enjoy gambling regularly spend a lot of money at casinos or other betting games.\nPeople who spend a lot of money at casinos and other betting games would enjoy visiting the Las Vegas Strip.\nPeople who spend a lot of money at casinos and other betting games are at risk of gambling addiction.\nMatt does not invest in the public stock market regularly. \nMatt likes financial risks.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Like(x, financialRisk) \u2192 InvestInRegularly(x, publicStockMarket) \u2228 EnjoyRegularly(x, gambling))\n\u2200x (InvestInRegularly(x, publicStockMarket) \u2192 ReadToKeepUpdatedOn(x, theWallStreetJournal, financialMetric) \u2228 (\u2203y (\u00ac(y=theWallStreetJournal) \u2227 NewsPaper(y) \u2227 ReadToKeepUpdatedOn(x, y, financialMetric))))\n\u2200x (EnjoyRegularly(x, gambling) \u2192 SpendAt(x, alotOfMoney, casino) \u2228 (\u2203y (\u00ac(y=casino) \u2227 BettingGame(y) \u2227 SpendAt(x, aLotOfMoney, y)))\n\u2200x (SpendAt(x, alotOfMoney, casino) \u2228 (\u2203y (\u00ac(y=casino) \u2227 BettingGame(y) \u2227 SpendAt(x, aLotOfMoney, y))) \u2192 EnjoyVisiting(x, theLasVegasStrip))\n\u2200x (SpendAt(x, alotOfMoney, casino) \u2228 (\u2203y (\u00ac(y=casino) \u2227 BettingGame(y) \u2227 SpendAt(x, aLotOfMoney, y)) \u2192 AtRiskOf(x, gamblingAddiction))\nInvestInRegularly(matt, publicStockMarket)\nLike(matt, financialRisk)", "conclusion": "If Matt is either both a person who is at risk of a gambling addiction and invests in the public stock market regularly, or neither is at risk of a gambling addiction nor invests in the public stock market regularly, then Matt neither visits the Las Vegas Strip regularly nor reads the Wall Street Journal and other newspapers regularly to keep updated on the financial metrics.", "conclusion-FOL": "AtRiskOf(matt, gamblingAddiction) \u2295 InvestInRegularly(matt, publicStockMarket) \u2192 \u00acEnjoyVisiting(matt, theLasVegasStrip) \u2227 \u00ac(ReadToKeepUpdatedOn(matt, theWallStreetJournal, financialMetric) \u2228 (\u2203y (\u00ac(y=theWallStreetJournal) \u2227 NewsPaper(y) \u2227 ReadToKeepUpdatedOn(matt, y, financialMetric))))", "label": "True", "example_id": 962} +{"story_id": 362, "premises": "People who like financial risks invest in the public stock market regularly or enjoy gambling regularly.\nIf people invest in the public stock market regularly, then they read the Wall Street Journal and other newspapers regularly to keep updated on financial metrics.\nAll people who enjoy enjoy gambling regularly spend a lot of money at casinos or other betting games.\nPeople who spend a lot of money at casinos and other betting games would enjoy visiting the Las Vegas Strip.\nPeople who spend a lot of money at casinos and other betting games are at risk of gambling addiction.\nMatt does not invest in the public stock market regularly. \nMatt likes financial risks.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Like(x, financialRisk) \u2192 InvestInRegularly(x, publicStockMarket) \u2228 EnjoyRegularly(x, gambling))\n\u2200x (InvestInRegularly(x, publicStockMarket) \u2192 ReadToKeepUpdatedOn(x, theWallStreetJournal, financialMetric) \u2228 (\u2203y (\u00ac(y=theWallStreetJournal) \u2227 NewsPaper(y) \u2227 ReadToKeepUpdatedOn(x, y, financialMetric))))\n\u2200x (EnjoyRegularly(x, gambling) \u2192 SpendAt(x, alotOfMoney, casino) \u2228 (\u2203y (\u00ac(y=casino) \u2227 BettingGame(y) \u2227 SpendAt(x, aLotOfMoney, y)))\n\u2200x (SpendAt(x, alotOfMoney, casino) \u2228 (\u2203y (\u00ac(y=casino) \u2227 BettingGame(y) \u2227 SpendAt(x, aLotOfMoney, y))) \u2192 EnjoyVisiting(x, theLasVegasStrip))\n\u2200x (SpendAt(x, alotOfMoney, casino) \u2228 (\u2203y (\u00ac(y=casino) \u2227 BettingGame(y) \u2227 SpendAt(x, aLotOfMoney, y)) \u2192 AtRiskOf(x, gamblingAddiction))\nInvestInRegularly(matt, publicStockMarket)\nLike(matt, financialRisk)", "conclusion": "Matt is not at risk of a gambling addiction and Mike does not both read the Wall Street Journal and other newspapers regularly and visits the Las Vegas Strip regularly.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acAtRiskOf(matt, gamblingAddiction) \u2227 \u00ac(ReadToKeepUpdatedOn(x, theWallStreetJournal, financialMetric) \u2228 (\u2203y (\u00ac(y=theWallStreetJournal) \u2227 NewsPaper(y) \u2227 ReadToKeepUpdatedOn(x, y, financialMetric))) \u2227 EnjoyVisiting(matt, theLasVegasStrip))", "label": "False", "example_id": 963} +{"story_id": 241, "premises": "All students learning piano can strike the right notes. \nAll students who can strike the right note can get the rhythms right. \nIf a student can get the rhythms right, he will start working on coordination between the left and the right hands. \nSome students who start working on coordination between the left and the right hands become good at it, while other students find it challenging. \nIf John can strike the right notes, get the rhythms right, and is good at coordination between right and left hands, then he puts emotions into his playing. \nJohn is a student learning piano. \nJohn does not find coordination between the left and the right hands challenging. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Student(x) \u2227 LearningPiano(x) \u2192 Can(x, strike, rightNote))\n\u2200x (Student(x) \u2227 Can(x, strike, rightNote) \u2192 Can(x, getTheRhythmRight))\n\u2200x (Student(x) \u2227 Can(x, getTheRhythmRight) \u2192 Start(x, workingOnCoordinationBetweenTheLeftAndRightHands))\n\u2200x (Student(x) \u2227 Start(x, workingOnCoordinationBetweenTheLeftAndRightHands) \u2192 Become(x, goodAtCoordination) \u2295 Find(x, coordinationChallenging))\n(Can(john, getTheRhythmRight) \u2227 Can(john, getTheRhythmRight)) \u2227 Become(john, goodAtCoordination) \u2192 PutEmotionInto(john, hisPlaying)\nStudent(john) \u2227 LearningPiano(john)\n\u00acFind(john, coordinationChallenging)", "conclusion": "John can get the rhythms right.", "conclusion-FOL": "Can(john, getTheRhythmRight)", "label": "True", "example_id": 683} +{"story_id": 241, "premises": "All students learning piano can strike the right notes. \nAll students who can strike the right note can get the rhythms right. \nIf a student can get the rhythms right, he will start working on coordination between the left and the right hands. \nSome students who start working on coordination between the left and the right hands become good at it, while other students find it challenging. \nIf John can strike the right notes, get the rhythms right, and is good at coordination between right and left hands, then he puts emotions into his playing. \nJohn is a student learning piano. \nJohn does not find coordination between the left and the right hands challenging. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Student(x) \u2227 LearningPiano(x) \u2192 Can(x, strike, rightNote))\n\u2200x (Student(x) \u2227 Can(x, strike, rightNote) \u2192 Can(x, getTheRhythmRight))\n\u2200x (Student(x) \u2227 Can(x, getTheRhythmRight) \u2192 Start(x, workingOnCoordinationBetweenTheLeftAndRightHands))\n\u2200x (Student(x) \u2227 Start(x, workingOnCoordinationBetweenTheLeftAndRightHands) \u2192 Become(x, goodAtCoordination) \u2295 Find(x, coordinationChallenging))\n(Can(john, getTheRhythmRight) \u2227 Can(john, getTheRhythmRight)) \u2227 Become(john, goodAtCoordination) \u2192 PutEmotionInto(john, hisPlaying)\nStudent(john) \u2227 LearningPiano(john)\n\u00acFind(john, coordinationChallenging)", "conclusion": "John does not put emotions into his playing.", "conclusion-FOL": "PutEmotionInto(john, hisPlaying)", "label": "False", "example_id": 684} +{"story_id": 229, "premises": "Barbara Ann Marshall is a former swimmer and former world record-holder.\nBarbara Ann Marshall participated in the 1972 Summer Olympics.\nBarbara Ann Marshall's home country is the United States.\nAll people who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics represented their home country.\nBarbara Ann Marshall participated in the preliminary heat in the freestyle relay.\nBarbara Ann Marshall did not participate in the event final of the 1972 Summer Olympics freestyle relay.\nOnly relay swimmers who participated in the final event at the 1972 Summer Olympics received medals.", "premises-FOL": "FormerSwimmer(barbaraAnnMarshall) \u2227 FormerWorldRecordHolder(barbaraAnnMarshall)\nParticipatedIn(barbaraAnnMarshall, 1972SummerOlympics)\nHomeCountry(barbaraAnnMarshall, unitedStates)\n\u2200x \u2203y (ParticipatedIn(x, 1972SummerOlympics) \u2227 HomeCountry(x, y) \u2192 Represented(x, y))\nParticipatedIn(barbaraAnnMarshall, preliminaryHeatFreestyleRelay)\n\u00acParticipatedIn(barbaraAnnMarshall, finalHeatFreestyleRelay)\n\u2200x ((ParticipatedIn(x, 1972SummerOlympics) \u2227 RelaySwimmer(x) \u2227 \u00acParticipatedIn(x, finalHeatFreestyleRelay)) \u2194 \u00acRecieved(x, medal)))", "conclusion": "Barbara Ann Marshall did not receive medals.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acRecieved(barbaraAnnMarshall, medal)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 650} +{"story_id": 229, "premises": "Barbara Ann Marshall is a former swimmer and former world record-holder.\nBarbara Ann Marshall participated in the 1972 Summer Olympics.\nBarbara Ann Marshall's home country is the United States.\nAll people who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics represented their home country.\nBarbara Ann Marshall participated in the preliminary heat in the freestyle relay.\nBarbara Ann Marshall did not participate in the event final of the 1972 Summer Olympics freestyle relay.\nOnly relay swimmers who participated in the final event at the 1972 Summer Olympics received medals.", "premises-FOL": "FormerSwimmer(barbaraAnnMarshall) \u2227 FormerWorldRecordHolder(barbaraAnnMarshall)\nParticipatedIn(barbaraAnnMarshall, 1972SummerOlympics)\nHomeCountry(barbaraAnnMarshall, unitedStates)\n\u2200x \u2203y (ParticipatedIn(x, 1972SummerOlympics) \u2227 HomeCountry(x, y) \u2192 Represented(x, y))\nParticipatedIn(barbaraAnnMarshall, preliminaryHeatFreestyleRelay)\n\u00acParticipatedIn(barbaraAnnMarshall, finalHeatFreestyleRelay)\n\u2200x ((ParticipatedIn(x, 1972SummerOlympics) \u2227 RelaySwimmer(x) \u2227 \u00acParticipatedIn(x, finalHeatFreestyleRelay)) \u2194 \u00acRecieved(x, medal)))", "conclusion": "Barbara Ann Marshall represented the United States in the 1972 Summer Olympics.", "conclusion-FOL": "Represented(barbaraAnnMarshall, unitedStates)", "label": "True", "example_id": 651} +{"story_id": 201, "premises": "A game is played with three stages: red stage, yellow stage, and green stage.\nEach player begins at the red stage.\nAll players must reach the yellow stage before they can reach the green stage.\nThe yellow stage comes after the red stage.\nAll players must proceed one stage at a time.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y \u2203y \u2203w (Game(x) \u2227 StageNumber(x,3) \u2227 Stage(y) \u2227 Stage(z) \u2227 Stage(w) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 \u00ac(z=w) \u2227 \u00ac(y=w) \u2227 Red(y) \u2227 Yellow(z) \u2227 Green(w))\n\u2200x (Player(x) \u2192 StartRed(x))\n\u2200x (Player(x) \u2227 \u00acReachYellow(x) \u2192 \u00acReachGreen(x))\n\u2200x (Player(x) \u2227 StartRed(x) \u2192 ReachYellow(x))\n\u2200x (Player(x) \u2227 StartRed(x) \u2227 \u00acReachYellow(x) \u2192 \u00acReachGreen(x))", "conclusion": "It is possible to move to the green stage without ever reaching the yellow stage.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Player(x) \u2227 RedToGreen(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 572} +{"story_id": 201, "premises": "A game is played with three stages: red stage, yellow stage, and green stage.\nEach player begins at the red stage.\nAll players must reach the yellow stage before they can reach the green stage.\nThe yellow stage comes after the red stage.\nAll players must proceed one stage at a time.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y \u2203y \u2203w (Game(x) \u2227 StageNumber(x,3) \u2227 Stage(y) \u2227 Stage(z) \u2227 Stage(w) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 \u00ac(z=w) \u2227 \u00ac(y=w) \u2227 Red(y) \u2227 Yellow(z) \u2227 Green(w))\n\u2200x (Player(x) \u2192 StartRed(x))\n\u2200x (Player(x) \u2227 \u00acReachYellow(x) \u2192 \u00acReachGreen(x))\n\u2200x (Player(x) \u2227 StartRed(x) \u2192 ReachYellow(x))\n\u2200x (Player(x) \u2227 StartRed(x) \u2227 \u00acReachYellow(x) \u2192 \u00acReachGreen(x))", "conclusion": "It is possible to reach the yellow stage without ever reaching the green stage.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Player(x) \u2227 RedToYellow(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 573} +{"story_id": 201, "premises": "A game is played with three stages: red stage, yellow stage, and green stage.\nEach player begins at the red stage.\nAll players must reach the yellow stage before they can reach the green stage.\nThe yellow stage comes after the red stage.\nAll players must proceed one stage at a time.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y \u2203y \u2203w (Game(x) \u2227 StageNumber(x,3) \u2227 Stage(y) \u2227 Stage(z) \u2227 Stage(w) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 \u00ac(z=w) \u2227 \u00ac(y=w) \u2227 Red(y) \u2227 Yellow(z) \u2227 Green(w))\n\u2200x (Player(x) \u2192 StartRed(x))\n\u2200x (Player(x) \u2227 \u00acReachYellow(x) \u2192 \u00acReachGreen(x))\n\u2200x (Player(x) \u2227 StartRed(x) \u2192 ReachYellow(x))\n\u2200x (Player(x) \u2227 StartRed(x) \u2227 \u00acReachYellow(x) \u2192 \u00acReachGreen(x))", "conclusion": "It is possible to complete the game without ever reaching the green stage.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Player(x) \u2227 CompleteGame(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 574} +{"story_id": 399, "premises": "In Love City, everyone considers physical touch or words of affirmation to be their most important love language.\nIf someone in Love City considers physical touch as their most important love language, then they are good with pets.\nIf someone in Love City is good with pets, then they are not scared of animals.\nIn Love City, everyone is scared of animals, or loves animals, or both.\nAdam, who is in Love City, either values physical touch as his most important love language or loves animals.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, loveCity) \u2192 (ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, physicalTouch) \u2228 ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, wordOfAffirmation))\n\u2200x ((ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, physicalTouch) \u2227 In(x, loveCity) \u2192 GoodWith(x, pet))\n\u2200x ((GoodWith(x, pet) \u2227 In(x, loveCity)) \u2192 \u00acScaredOf(x, animal))\n\u2200x (In(x, loveCity) \u2192 (ScaredOf(x, animal) \u2228 Loves(x, animal)))\n(ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(adam, physicalTouch) \u2295 Loves(adam, animal)) \u2227 In(adam, loveCity)", "conclusion": "Adam is scared of animals.", "conclusion-FOL": "ScaredOf(adam, animal)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1090} +{"story_id": 399, "premises": "In Love City, everyone considers physical touch or words of affirmation to be their most important love language.\nIf someone in Love City considers physical touch as their most important love language, then they are good with pets.\nIf someone in Love City is good with pets, then they are not scared of animals.\nIn Love City, everyone is scared of animals, or loves animals, or both.\nAdam, who is in Love City, either values physical touch as his most important love language or loves animals.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, loveCity) \u2192 (ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, physicalTouch) \u2228 ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, wordOfAffirmation))\n\u2200x ((ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, physicalTouch) \u2227 In(x, loveCity) \u2192 GoodWith(x, pet))\n\u2200x ((GoodWith(x, pet) \u2227 In(x, loveCity)) \u2192 \u00acScaredOf(x, animal))\n\u2200x (In(x, loveCity) \u2192 (ScaredOf(x, animal) \u2228 Loves(x, animal)))\n(ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(adam, physicalTouch) \u2295 Loves(adam, animal)) \u2227 In(adam, loveCity)", "conclusion": "Adam considers words of affirmation to be the most important love language.", "conclusion-FOL": "ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(adam, wordOfAffirmation)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1091} +{"story_id": 399, "premises": "In Love City, everyone considers physical touch or words of affirmation to be their most important love language.\nIf someone in Love City considers physical touch as their most important love language, then they are good with pets.\nIf someone in Love City is good with pets, then they are not scared of animals.\nIn Love City, everyone is scared of animals, or loves animals, or both.\nAdam, who is in Love City, either values physical touch as his most important love language or loves animals.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, loveCity) \u2192 (ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, physicalTouch) \u2228 ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, wordOfAffirmation))\n\u2200x ((ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, physicalTouch) \u2227 In(x, loveCity) \u2192 GoodWith(x, pet))\n\u2200x ((GoodWith(x, pet) \u2227 In(x, loveCity)) \u2192 \u00acScaredOf(x, animal))\n\u2200x (In(x, loveCity) \u2192 (ScaredOf(x, animal) \u2228 Loves(x, animal)))\n(ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(adam, physicalTouch) \u2295 Loves(adam, animal)) \u2227 In(adam, loveCity)", "conclusion": "Adam considers physical touch as the most important love language and considers words of affirmation as the most important love language.", "conclusion-FOL": "ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(adam, physicalTouch) \u2227 ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(adam, wordOfAffirmation)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1092} +{"story_id": 399, "premises": "In Love City, everyone considers physical touch or words of affirmation to be their most important love language.\nIf someone in Love City considers physical touch as their most important love language, then they are good with pets.\nIf someone in Love City is good with pets, then they are not scared of animals.\nIn Love City, everyone is scared of animals, or loves animals, or both.\nAdam, who is in Love City, either values physical touch as his most important love language or loves animals.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, loveCity) \u2192 (ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, physicalTouch) \u2228 ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, wordOfAffirmation))\n\u2200x ((ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, physicalTouch) \u2227 In(x, loveCity) \u2192 GoodWith(x, pet))\n\u2200x ((GoodWith(x, pet) \u2227 In(x, loveCity)) \u2192 \u00acScaredOf(x, animal))\n\u2200x (In(x, loveCity) \u2192 (ScaredOf(x, animal) \u2228 Loves(x, animal)))\n(ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(adam, physicalTouch) \u2295 Loves(adam, animal)) \u2227 In(adam, loveCity)", "conclusion": "Adam either values physical touch as an especially important love language or values words of affirmation as an especially important love language.", "conclusion-FOL": "ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(adam, physicalTouch) \u2295 ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(adam, wordOfAffirmation)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1093} +{"story_id": 399, "premises": "In Love City, everyone considers physical touch or words of affirmation to be their most important love language.\nIf someone in Love City considers physical touch as their most important love language, then they are good with pets.\nIf someone in Love City is good with pets, then they are not scared of animals.\nIn Love City, everyone is scared of animals, or loves animals, or both.\nAdam, who is in Love City, either values physical touch as his most important love language or loves animals.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, loveCity) \u2192 (ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, physicalTouch) \u2228 ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, wordOfAffirmation))\n\u2200x ((ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(x, physicalTouch) \u2227 In(x, loveCity) \u2192 GoodWith(x, pet))\n\u2200x ((GoodWith(x, pet) \u2227 In(x, loveCity)) \u2192 \u00acScaredOf(x, animal))\n\u2200x (In(x, loveCity) \u2192 (ScaredOf(x, animal) \u2228 Loves(x, animal)))\n(ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(adam, physicalTouch) \u2295 Loves(adam, animal)) \u2227 In(adam, loveCity)", "conclusion": "If Adam values physical touch as an especially important love language or is good with pets, then Adam values words of affirmation as an especially important love language.", "conclusion-FOL": "(ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(adam, physicalTouch, mostImportantLoveLanguage) \u2228 GoodWith(x, pet)) \u2192 ConsidersMostImportantLoveLanguage(adam, wordOfAffirmation)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1094} +{"story_id": 444, "premises": "All birds have wings.\nAnimals with wings aren't reptiles.\nSome animals that fly are birds.\nIf something is an iguana, then it is a reptile. Simeng: All iguanas are reptiles. \nJohn is either both an iguana and a bird, or he is neither. \nJohn is an animal. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Bird(x) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 Wing(y) \u2227 Wing(z) \u2227 Have(x, y) \u2227 Have(x, z)))\n\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2227 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 Wing(y) \u2227 Wing(z) \u2227 Have(x, y) \u2227 Have(x, z))) \u2192 \u00acReptile(x))\n\u2203x (Animal(x) \u2227 Fly(x) \u2227 Bird(x))\n\u2200x (Iguana(x) \u2192 Reptile(x))\n\u00ac(Iguana(john) \u2295 Bird(john))\nAnimal(john)", "conclusion": "John is a reptile.", "conclusion-FOL": "Reptile(john)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1277} +{"story_id": 444, "premises": "All birds have wings.\nAnimals with wings aren't reptiles.\nSome animals that fly are birds.\nIf something is an iguana, then it is a reptile. Simeng: All iguanas are reptiles. \nJohn is either both an iguana and a bird, or he is neither. \nJohn is an animal. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Bird(x) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 Wing(y) \u2227 Wing(z) \u2227 Have(x, y) \u2227 Have(x, z)))\n\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2227 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 Wing(y) \u2227 Wing(z) \u2227 Have(x, y) \u2227 Have(x, z))) \u2192 \u00acReptile(x))\n\u2203x (Animal(x) \u2227 Fly(x) \u2227 Bird(x))\n\u2200x (Iguana(x) \u2192 Reptile(x))\n\u00ac(Iguana(john) \u2295 Bird(john))\nAnimal(john)", "conclusion": "John is not both an iguana and an animal that can fly.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Iguana(john) \u2227 Fly(john))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1278} +{"story_id": 444, "premises": "All birds have wings.\nAnimals with wings aren't reptiles.\nSome animals that fly are birds.\nIf something is an iguana, then it is a reptile. Simeng: All iguanas are reptiles. \nJohn is either both an iguana and a bird, or he is neither. \nJohn is an animal. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Bird(x) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 Wing(y) \u2227 Wing(z) \u2227 Have(x, y) \u2227 Have(x, z)))\n\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2227 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 Wing(y) \u2227 Wing(z) \u2227 Have(x, y) \u2227 Have(x, z))) \u2192 \u00acReptile(x))\n\u2203x (Animal(x) \u2227 Fly(x) \u2227 Bird(x))\n\u2200x (Iguana(x) \u2192 Reptile(x))\n\u00ac(Iguana(john) \u2295 Bird(john))\nAnimal(john)", "conclusion": "John is an animal that can fly and John is a bird.", "conclusion-FOL": "Animal(john) \u2227 Fly(john) \u2227 Bird(john)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1279} +{"story_id": 30, "premises": "EndGame is a movie released in 2006.\nEndGame was set in Washington.\nEndGame was filmed outside of Washington.\nSome movies are filmed in New York.\nAndy Chang directed EndGame.\nAndy Chang is from Hong Kong.", "premises-FOL": "Movie(endGame) \u2227 Released(endGame, yr2006)\nSetIn(endGame, washington)\n\u00ac(FilmedIn(endGame, washington))\n\u2203x\u2203y(FilmedIn(x, newYork) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 FilmedIn(y, newYork))\nDirected(andyChang, endGame)\nFrom(andyChang, hongKong)", "conclusion": "EndGame was filmed in New York.", "conclusion-FOL": "FilmedIn(endGame, newYork)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 86} +{"story_id": 30, "premises": "EndGame is a movie released in 2006.\nEndGame was set in Washington.\nEndGame was filmed outside of Washington.\nSome movies are filmed in New York.\nAndy Chang directed EndGame.\nAndy Chang is from Hong Kong.", "premises-FOL": "Movie(endGame) \u2227 Released(endGame, yr2006)\nSetIn(endGame, washington)\n\u00ac(FilmedIn(endGame, washington))\n\u2203x\u2203y(FilmedIn(x, newYork) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 FilmedIn(y, newYork))\nDirected(andyChang, endGame)\nFrom(andyChang, hongKong)", "conclusion": "EndGame was not directed by someone from Hong Kong.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (\u00ac(Directed(x, endGame) \u2227 From(x, hongKong)))", "label": "False", "example_id": 87} +{"story_id": 30, "premises": "EndGame is a movie released in 2006.\nEndGame was set in Washington.\nEndGame was filmed outside of Washington.\nSome movies are filmed in New York.\nAndy Chang directed EndGame.\nAndy Chang is from Hong Kong.", "premises-FOL": "Movie(endGame) \u2227 Released(endGame, yr2006)\nSetIn(endGame, washington)\n\u00ac(FilmedIn(endGame, washington))\n\u2203x\u2203y(FilmedIn(x, newYork) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 FilmedIn(y, newYork))\nDirected(andyChang, endGame)\nFrom(andyChang, hongKong)", "conclusion": "All of Andy Chang's movies are filmed outside of Washington.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Directed(andyChang, x) \u2192 \u00ac(FilmedIn(x, washington)))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 88} +{"story_id": 7, "premises": "Six, seven and eight are real numbers.\nIf a real number equals another real number added by one, the first number is larger.\nIf the number x is larger than the number y, then y is not larger than x.\nSeven equals six plus one.\nEight equals seven plus one.\nTwo is positive.\nIf a number is positive, then the double of it is also positive.\nEight is the double of four.\nFour is the double of two.", "premises-FOL": "RealNum(num6) \u2227 RealNum(num7) \u2227 RealNum(num8)\n\u2200x \u2200y ((RealNum(x) \u2227 RealNum(y) \u2227 IsSuccessorOf(x, y)) \u2192 Larger(x, y))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Larger(x, y) \u2192 \u00acLarger(y, x))\n\u2203y(IsSuccessorOf(y, num6) \u2227 Equals(num7, y))\n\u2203y(IsSuccessorOf(y, num7) \u2227 Equals(num8, y))\nPositive(num2)\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Positive(x) \u2227 IsDouble(y, x)) \u2192 Positive(y))\nIsDouble(num8, num4)\nIsDouble(num4, num2)", "conclusion": "Eight is larger than seven.", "conclusion-FOL": "Larger(eight, seven)", "label": "True", "example_id": 17} +{"story_id": 7, "premises": "Six, seven and eight are real numbers.\nIf a real number equals another real number added by one, the first number is larger.\nIf the number x is larger than the number y, then y is not larger than x.\nSeven equals six plus one.\nEight equals seven plus one.\nTwo is positive.\nIf a number is positive, then the double of it is also positive.\nEight is the double of four.\nFour is the double of two.", "premises-FOL": "RealNum(num6) \u2227 RealNum(num7) \u2227 RealNum(num8)\n\u2200x \u2200y ((RealNum(x) \u2227 RealNum(y) \u2227 IsSuccessorOf(x, y)) \u2192 Larger(x, y))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Larger(x, y) \u2192 \u00acLarger(y, x))\n\u2203y(IsSuccessorOf(y, num6) \u2227 Equals(num7, y))\n\u2203y(IsSuccessorOf(y, num7) \u2227 Equals(num8, y))\nPositive(num2)\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Positive(x) \u2227 IsDouble(y, x)) \u2192 Positive(y))\nIsDouble(num8, num4)\nIsDouble(num4, num2)", "conclusion": "Eight is positive.", "conclusion-FOL": "Positive(eight)", "label": "True", "example_id": 18} +{"story_id": 7, "premises": "Six, seven and eight are real numbers.\nIf a real number equals another real number added by one, the first number is larger.\nIf the number x is larger than the number y, then y is not larger than x.\nSeven equals six plus one.\nEight equals seven plus one.\nTwo is positive.\nIf a number is positive, then the double of it is also positive.\nEight is the double of four.\nFour is the double of two.", "premises-FOL": "RealNum(num6) \u2227 RealNum(num7) \u2227 RealNum(num8)\n\u2200x \u2200y ((RealNum(x) \u2227 RealNum(y) \u2227 IsSuccessorOf(x, y)) \u2192 Larger(x, y))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Larger(x, y) \u2192 \u00acLarger(y, x))\n\u2203y(IsSuccessorOf(y, num6) \u2227 Equals(num7, y))\n\u2203y(IsSuccessorOf(y, num7) \u2227 Equals(num8, y))\nPositive(num2)\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Positive(x) \u2227 IsDouble(y, x)) \u2192 Positive(y))\nIsDouble(num8, num4)\nIsDouble(num4, num2)", "conclusion": "Six is larger than seven.", "conclusion-FOL": "Larger(six, seven)", "label": "False", "example_id": 19} +{"story_id": 293, "premises": "All dogs sleep.\nSome four-legged animals are dogs.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Dog(x) \u2192 Sleep(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (FourLegged(x) \u2227 Animal(x) \u2227 Dog(x) \u2227 FourLegged(y) \u2227 Animal(y) \u2227 Dog(y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "conclusion": "Some four-legged animals sleep.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (FourLegged(x) \u2227 Animal(x) \u2227 Sleeps(x) \u2227 FourLegged(y) \u2227 Animal(y) \u2227 Sleeps(y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 737} +{"story_id": 475, "premises": "Everyone who is entitled to national social insurance coverage can have their medical bills partially covered. \nAll PRC nationals are entitled to national social insurance coverage.\nEveryone in the Franco-China diplomatic conference is either a PRC national or a French national, but not both. \nAll French nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nAll Spanish nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nNo North Korean nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nMei is at the Franco-China diplomatic conference. \nEither Mei is a North Korean and can have medical bills partially covered, or neither is true.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (EntitledTo(x, nationalSocialInsuranceCoverage) \u2192 CanHavePartiallyCovered(x, medicalBills))\n\u2200x (PRCNational(x) \u2192 EntitledTo(x, nationalSocialInsuranceCoverage))\n\u2200x (In(x, franco-ChinaDiplomaticConference) \u2192 PRCNational(x) \u2295 FrenchNational(x))\n\u2200x (FrenchNational(x) \u2192 CitizenOf(x, europeanUnion))\n\u2200x (SpanishNational(x) \u2192 CitizenOf(x, europeanUnion))\n\u2200x (NorthKoreanNational(x) \u2192 \u00acCitizenOf(x, europeanUnion))\nIn(mei, franco-ChinaDiplomaticConference)\n\u00ac(NorthKoreanNational(mei) \u2295 CanHavePartiallyCovered(mei, medicalBills))", "conclusion": "Mei is a PRC national.", "conclusion-FOL": "PRCNational(mei)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1378} +{"story_id": 475, "premises": "Everyone who is entitled to national social insurance coverage can have their medical bills partially covered. \nAll PRC nationals are entitled to national social insurance coverage.\nEveryone in the Franco-China diplomatic conference is either a PRC national or a French national, but not both. \nAll French nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nAll Spanish nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nNo North Korean nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nMei is at the Franco-China diplomatic conference. \nEither Mei is a North Korean and can have medical bills partially covered, or neither is true.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (EntitledTo(x, nationalSocialInsuranceCoverage) \u2192 CanHavePartiallyCovered(x, medicalBills))\n\u2200x (PRCNational(x) \u2192 EntitledTo(x, nationalSocialInsuranceCoverage))\n\u2200x (In(x, franco-ChinaDiplomaticConference) \u2192 PRCNational(x) \u2295 FrenchNational(x))\n\u2200x (FrenchNational(x) \u2192 CitizenOf(x, europeanUnion))\n\u2200x (SpanishNational(x) \u2192 CitizenOf(x, europeanUnion))\n\u2200x (NorthKoreanNational(x) \u2192 \u00acCitizenOf(x, europeanUnion))\nIn(mei, franco-ChinaDiplomaticConference)\n\u00ac(NorthKoreanNational(mei) \u2295 CanHavePartiallyCovered(mei, medicalBills))", "conclusion": "Mei is not a PRC national.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acPRCNational(mei)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1379} +{"story_id": 475, "premises": "Everyone who is entitled to national social insurance coverage can have their medical bills partially covered. \nAll PRC nationals are entitled to national social insurance coverage.\nEveryone in the Franco-China diplomatic conference is either a PRC national or a French national, but not both. \nAll French nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nAll Spanish nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nNo North Korean nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nMei is at the Franco-China diplomatic conference. \nEither Mei is a North Korean and can have medical bills partially covered, or neither is true.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (EntitledTo(x, nationalSocialInsuranceCoverage) \u2192 CanHavePartiallyCovered(x, medicalBills))\n\u2200x (PRCNational(x) \u2192 EntitledTo(x, nationalSocialInsuranceCoverage))\n\u2200x (In(x, franco-ChinaDiplomaticConference) \u2192 PRCNational(x) \u2295 FrenchNational(x))\n\u2200x (FrenchNational(x) \u2192 CitizenOf(x, europeanUnion))\n\u2200x (SpanishNational(x) \u2192 CitizenOf(x, europeanUnion))\n\u2200x (NorthKoreanNational(x) \u2192 \u00acCitizenOf(x, europeanUnion))\nIn(mei, franco-ChinaDiplomaticConference)\n\u00ac(NorthKoreanNational(mei) \u2295 CanHavePartiallyCovered(mei, medicalBills))", "conclusion": "If Mei is either a North Korean or a Spanish national, then Mei is either both a French national and a citizen of the European Union, or neither a French national nor a citizen of the European Union.", "conclusion-FOL": "NorthKoreanNational(mei) \u2295 SpanishNational(mei) \u2192 \u00ac(FrenchNational(mei) \u2295 European(mei))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1380} +{"story_id": 268, "premises": "No people who do not admit a mistake are good teachers.\nSome well-informed people are people who do not admit a mistake.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (\u00acAdmit(x, mistake) \u2192 \u00acGoodTeacher(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (WellInformed(x) \u2227 WellInformed(y) \u2227 \u00acAdmit(x, mistake) \u2227 \u00acAdmit(y, mistake) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "conclusion": "Some good teachers are not well-informed people.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (GoodTeacher(x) \u2227 GoodTeacher(y) \u2227 \u00acWellInformed(x) \u2227 \u00acWellInformed(y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 712} +{"story_id": 25, "premises": "Philatelic literature is divided into the following categories: Stamp catalogs, Periodicals, Auction catalogs, Books, Bibliographies, and Background Material.\nMort is not a Stamp catalog.\nMort is not a periodical, auction catalog, bibliography, or background material.\nMort is a piece of Philatelic literature.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (PhilatelicLit(x) \u2192 (Stamp(x) \u2228 Periodical(x) \u2228 Auction(x) \u2228 Book(x) \u2228 Bibliography(x) \u2228 Background(x)))\n\u00acStamp(mort)\n\u00ac(Periodical(mort) \u2228 Auction(mort) \u2228 Bibliography(mort) \u2228 Background(mort))\nPhilatelicLit(mort)", "conclusion": "Mort is background material.", "conclusion-FOL": "Background(mort)", "label": "False", "example_id": 72} +{"story_id": 25, "premises": "Philatelic literature is divided into the following categories: Stamp catalogs, Periodicals, Auction catalogs, Books, Bibliographies, and Background Material.\nMort is not a Stamp catalog.\nMort is not a periodical, auction catalog, bibliography, or background material.\nMort is a piece of Philatelic literature.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (PhilatelicLit(x) \u2192 (Stamp(x) \u2228 Periodical(x) \u2228 Auction(x) \u2228 Book(x) \u2228 Bibliography(x) \u2228 Background(x)))\n\u00acStamp(mort)\n\u00ac(Periodical(mort) \u2228 Auction(mort) \u2228 Bibliography(mort) \u2228 Background(mort))\nPhilatelicLit(mort)", "conclusion": "Eragon is a piece of Philatelic literature.", "conclusion-FOL": "PhilatelicLit(eragon)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 73} +{"story_id": 92, "premises": "Adventures of Rusty is a drama film and children's film.\nColumbia Pictures produced Adventures of Rusty.\nTintin was produced by Paramount.\nTintin is an adventure film.", "premises-FOL": "DramaFilm(adventuresOfRusty) \u2227 ChildrensFilm(adventuresOfRusty)\nProduces(columbiaPictures, adventuresOfRusty)\nProduces(paramount, tintin)\nAdventureFilm(tintin)", "conclusion": "Columbia pictures produced some drama film.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (DramaFilm(x) \u2227 Produces(columbiaPictures, x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 279} +{"story_id": 92, "premises": "Adventures of Rusty is a drama film and children's film.\nColumbia Pictures produced Adventures of Rusty.\nTintin was produced by Paramount.\nTintin is an adventure film.", "premises-FOL": "DramaFilm(adventuresOfRusty) \u2227 ChildrensFilm(adventuresOfRusty)\nProduces(columbiaPictures, adventuresOfRusty)\nProduces(paramount, tintin)\nAdventureFilm(tintin)", "conclusion": "Columbia pictures produced some adventure film.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (AdventureFilm(x) \u2227 Produces(columbiaPictures, x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 280} +{"story_id": 92, "premises": "Adventures of Rusty is a drama film and children's film.\nColumbia Pictures produced Adventures of Rusty.\nTintin was produced by Paramount.\nTintin is an adventure film.", "premises-FOL": "DramaFilm(adventuresOfRusty) \u2227 ChildrensFilm(adventuresOfRusty)\nProduces(columbiaPictures, adventuresOfRusty)\nProduces(paramount, tintin)\nAdventureFilm(tintin)", "conclusion": "Paramount produces children's films.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (ChildrensFilm(x) \u2227 Produces(paramount, x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 281} +{"story_id": 92, "premises": "Adventures of Rusty is a drama film and children's film.\nColumbia Pictures produced Adventures of Rusty.\nTintin was produced by Paramount.\nTintin is an adventure film.", "premises-FOL": "DramaFilm(adventuresOfRusty) \u2227 ChildrensFilm(adventuresOfRusty)\nProduces(columbiaPictures, adventuresOfRusty)\nProduces(paramount, tintin)\nAdventureFilm(tintin)", "conclusion": "Paramount produces adventure films.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (AdventureFilm(x) \u2227 Produces(paramount, x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 282} +{"story_id": 233, "premises": "Deng Xiaoping served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China.\nDeng Xiaoping was praised for his reaffirmation of the reform program, as well as the reversion of Hong Kong to Chinese control and the return of Macau.\nAs the party's Secretary-General under Mao and Vice Premier in the 1950s, Deng Xiaoping presided over the Anti-Rightist Campaign launched by Mao.\nDeng Xiaoping became instrumental in China's economic reconstruction following the disastrous Great Leap Forward.\nMao Zedong died in 1976.\nAfter Mao Zedong's death, Deng Xiaoping gradually rose to supreme power.", "premises-FOL": "ParamountLeaderOf(dengXiaoping, peoplesRepublicOfChina)\nPraisedFor(dengXiaoping, reaffirmationOfReformProgram) \u2227 PraisedFor(dengXiaoping, reversionOfHongKong) \u2227 PraisedFor(dengXiaoping, returnOfMacau)\nPartysSecretaryGeneral(dengXiaoping) \u2227 Under(dengXiaoping, mao) \u2227 VicePremierInThe1950s(dengXiaoping) \u2227 PresidedOver(dengXiaoping, antiRightistCampaign) \u2227 LaunchedBy(antiRightistCampaign, mao)\nInstrumentalIn(dengXiaoping, chinasEconomicReconstruction) \u2227 Following(chinasEconomicReconstruction, greatLeapForward) \u2227 Disastrous(greatLeapForward)\nDiedIn(mao, year1976)\nGraduallyRoseTo(dengXiaoping, supremePower)", "conclusion": "The paramount leader of the PRC was also the vice premier.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (ParamountLeaderOf(x, prc) \u2227 VicePremier(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 660} +{"story_id": 233, "premises": "Deng Xiaoping served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China.\nDeng Xiaoping was praised for his reaffirmation of the reform program, as well as the reversion of Hong Kong to Chinese control and the return of Macau.\nAs the party's Secretary-General under Mao and Vice Premier in the 1950s, Deng Xiaoping presided over the Anti-Rightist Campaign launched by Mao.\nDeng Xiaoping became instrumental in China's economic reconstruction following the disastrous Great Leap Forward.\nMao Zedong died in 1976.\nAfter Mao Zedong's death, Deng Xiaoping gradually rose to supreme power.", "premises-FOL": "ParamountLeaderOf(dengXiaoping, peoplesRepublicOfChina)\nPraisedFor(dengXiaoping, reaffirmationOfReformProgram) \u2227 PraisedFor(dengXiaoping, reversionOfHongKong) \u2227 PraisedFor(dengXiaoping, returnOfMacau)\nPartysSecretaryGeneral(dengXiaoping) \u2227 Under(dengXiaoping, mao) \u2227 VicePremierInThe1950s(dengXiaoping) \u2227 PresidedOver(dengXiaoping, antiRightistCampaign) \u2227 LaunchedBy(antiRightistCampaign, mao)\nInstrumentalIn(dengXiaoping, chinasEconomicReconstruction) \u2227 Following(chinasEconomicReconstruction, greatLeapForward) \u2227 Disastrous(greatLeapForward)\nDiedIn(mao, year1976)\nGraduallyRoseTo(dengXiaoping, supremePower)", "conclusion": "Deng Xiaoping presided over something launched by someone he was under.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (PresidedOver(dengxiaoping, x) \u2227 Under(dengxiaoping, y) \u2227 LaunchedBy(x, y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 661} +{"story_id": 233, "premises": "Deng Xiaoping served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China.\nDeng Xiaoping was praised for his reaffirmation of the reform program, as well as the reversion of Hong Kong to Chinese control and the return of Macau.\nAs the party's Secretary-General under Mao and Vice Premier in the 1950s, Deng Xiaoping presided over the Anti-Rightist Campaign launched by Mao.\nDeng Xiaoping became instrumental in China's economic reconstruction following the disastrous Great Leap Forward.\nMao Zedong died in 1976.\nAfter Mao Zedong's death, Deng Xiaoping gradually rose to supreme power.", "premises-FOL": "ParamountLeaderOf(dengXiaoping, peoplesRepublicOfChina)\nPraisedFor(dengXiaoping, reaffirmationOfReformProgram) \u2227 PraisedFor(dengXiaoping, reversionOfHongKong) \u2227 PraisedFor(dengXiaoping, returnOfMacau)\nPartysSecretaryGeneral(dengXiaoping) \u2227 Under(dengXiaoping, mao) \u2227 VicePremierInThe1950s(dengXiaoping) \u2227 PresidedOver(dengXiaoping, antiRightistCampaign) \u2227 LaunchedBy(antiRightistCampaign, mao)\nInstrumentalIn(dengXiaoping, chinasEconomicReconstruction) \u2227 Following(chinasEconomicReconstruction, greatLeapForward) \u2227 Disastrous(greatLeapForward)\nDiedIn(mao, year1976)\nGraduallyRoseTo(dengXiaoping, supremePower)", "conclusion": "The person instrumental in china's economic reconstruction gradually rose to supreme power.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (InstrumentalIn(x, chinaseconomicreconstruction) \u2227 GraduallyRoseTo(x, supremepower))", "label": "True", "example_id": 662} +{"story_id": 391, "premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \u2192 ResultOf(x, creativeProcess))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ScienceFiction(x)) \u2192 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \n\u2200x (Knows(dan, x) \u2192 (ScienceFiction(x) \u2295 RealisticFiction(x)))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 Fact(x)) \u2192 \u00acProvedToBe(x, false)) \n(Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune)) \u2228 ProvedToBe(dune, false))", "conclusion": "Dune is realistic fiction.", "conclusion-FOL": "RealisticFiction(dune)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1047} +{"story_id": 391, "premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \u2192 ResultOf(x, creativeProcess))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ScienceFiction(x)) \u2192 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \n\u2200x (Knows(dan, x) \u2192 (ScienceFiction(x) \u2295 RealisticFiction(x)))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 Fact(x)) \u2192 \u00acProvedToBe(x, false)) \n(Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune)) \u2228 ProvedToBe(dune, false))", "conclusion": "Dune is a result of creative and imaginative process.", "conclusion-FOL": "ResultOf(dune, creativeProcess) \u2227 ImaginativeProcess(dune)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1048} +{"story_id": 391, "premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \u2192 ResultOf(x, creativeProcess))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ScienceFiction(x)) \u2192 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \n\u2200x (Knows(dan, x) \u2192 (ScienceFiction(x) \u2295 RealisticFiction(x)))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 Fact(x)) \u2192 \u00acProvedToBe(x, false)) \n(Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune)) \u2228 ProvedToBe(dune, false))", "conclusion": "Dune is either a result of creative processes or came from an imaginative process.", "conclusion-FOL": "ResultOf(dune, creativeProcess) \u2295 ImaginativeProcess(dune)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1049} +{"story_id": 391, "premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \u2192 ResultOf(x, creativeProcess))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ScienceFiction(x)) \u2192 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \n\u2200x (Knows(dan, x) \u2192 (ScienceFiction(x) \u2295 RealisticFiction(x)))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 Fact(x)) \u2192 \u00acProvedToBe(x, false)) \n(Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune)) \u2228 ProvedToBe(dune, false))", "conclusion": "Dune is a result of creative processes and is science fiction.", "conclusion-FOL": "ResultOf(dune, creativeProcess) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1050} +{"story_id": 391, "premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \u2192 ResultOf(x, creativeProcess))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ScienceFiction(x)) \u2192 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \n\u2200x (Knows(dan, x) \u2192 (ScienceFiction(x) \u2295 RealisticFiction(x)))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 Fact(x)) \u2192 \u00acProvedToBe(x, false)) \n(Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune)) \u2228 ProvedToBe(dune, false))", "conclusion": "Dune is either a result of creative processes or is science fiction.", "conclusion-FOL": "Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 (ResultOf(dune, creativeProcess) \u2295 ScienceFiction(dune))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1051} +{"story_id": 391, "premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \u2192 ResultOf(x, creativeProcess))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ScienceFiction(x)) \u2192 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \n\u2200x (Knows(dan, x) \u2192 (ScienceFiction(x) \u2295 RealisticFiction(x)))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 Fact(x)) \u2192 \u00acProvedToBe(x, false)) \n(Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune)) \u2228 ProvedToBe(dune, false))", "conclusion": "If Dune is a result of creative and imaginative processes, then Dune is not a result of creative processes and science-fiction.", "conclusion-FOL": "(ResultOf(dune, creativeProcess) \u2227 ImaginativeProcess(dune)) \u2192 (\u00acResultOf(dune, creativeProcess) \u2227 \u00acScienceFiction(dune))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1052} +{"story_id": 391, "premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \u2192 ResultOf(x, creativeProcess))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ScienceFiction(x)) \u2192 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \n\u2200x (Knows(dan, x) \u2192 (ScienceFiction(x) \u2295 RealisticFiction(x)))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 Fact(x)) \u2192 \u00acProvedToBe(x, false)) \n(Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune)) \u2228 ProvedToBe(dune, false))", "conclusion": "If Dune is either a fact and a result of creative processes, or neither a fact nor a result of creative processes, then Dune is a result of creative processes and science-fiction.", "conclusion-FOL": "Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 (\u00ac(Fact(dune) \u2295 ResultOf(dune, creativeProcess))) \u2192 (ResultOf(dune, creativeProcess) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1053} +{"story_id": 391, "premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \u2192 ResultOf(x, creativeProcess))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ScienceFiction(x)) \u2192 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \n\u2200x (Knows(dan, x) \u2192 (ScienceFiction(x) \u2295 RealisticFiction(x)))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 Fact(x)) \u2192 \u00acProvedToBe(x, false)) \n(Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune)) \u2228 ProvedToBe(dune, false))", "conclusion": "If Dune is science-fiction, then Dune is not a result of creative processes and science-fiction.", "conclusion-FOL": "Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 (ScienceFiction(dune)) \u2192 (\u00ac(ResultOf(dune, creativeProcess) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune)))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1054} +{"story_id": 391, "premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \u2192 ResultOf(x, creativeProcess))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ScienceFiction(x)) \u2192 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \n\u2200x (Knows(dan, x) \u2192 (ScienceFiction(x) \u2295 RealisticFiction(x)))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 Fact(x)) \u2192 \u00acProvedToBe(x, false)) \n(Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune)) \u2228 ProvedToBe(dune, false))", "conclusion": "If Dune is not a result of creative processes and science-fiction, then Dune neither came from an imaginative process nor proved to be false.", "conclusion-FOL": "Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 (\u00ac(ResultOf(dune, creativeProcess) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune))) \u2192 (\u00ac(ImaginativeProcess(dune) \u2228 ProvedToBe(dune, false)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1055} +{"story_id": 391, "premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \u2192 ResultOf(x, creativeProcess))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 ScienceFiction(x)) \u2192 ImaginativeProcess(x)) \n\u2200x (Knows(dan, x) \u2192 (ScienceFiction(x) \u2295 RealisticFiction(x)))\n\u2200x ((Knows(dan, x) \u2227 Fact(x)) \u2192 \u00acProvedToBe(x, false)) \n(Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune)) \u2228 ProvedToBe(dune, false))", "conclusion": "If Dune is did not come from imaginative process and is not science-fiction, then Dune is neither a result of creative processes nor came from an imaginative process.", "conclusion-FOL": "Knows(dan, dune) \u2227 (\u00ac(ImaginativeProcess(dune) \u2227 ScienceFiction(dune))) \u2192 (\u00ac(ResultOf(dune, creativeProcess) \u2228 ImaginativeProcess(dune)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1056} +{"story_id": 181, "premises": "American superheroes come from either the DC Universe or Marvel Universe.\nCaptain America is one of America's top-ten favorite superheroes\nCaptain America does not come from the DC Universe.\nAmerica's top-ten favorite superheroes speak English.\nSome superheroes speak both English and Spanish. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Superhero(x) \u2227 American(x) \u2192 ComeFrom(x, dCUniverse) \u2295 ComeFrom(x, marvelUniverse)) \nAmerican(captainAmerica) \u2227 TopTenFavorite(captainAmerica) \u2227 Superhero(captainAmerica) \n\u00acComeFrom(captainAmerica, dCUniverse)\n\u2200x (American(x) \u2227 TopTenFavorite(x) \u2227 Superhero(x) \u2192 Speak(x, english)) \n\u2203x (Superhero(x) \u2192 (Speak(x, english) \u2227 Speak(x, spanish)))", "conclusion": "Captain America does not speak English.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acSpeak(captainAmerica, english)", "label": "False", "example_id": 521} +{"story_id": 181, "premises": "American superheroes come from either the DC Universe or Marvel Universe.\nCaptain America is one of America's top-ten favorite superheroes\nCaptain America does not come from the DC Universe.\nAmerica's top-ten favorite superheroes speak English.\nSome superheroes speak both English and Spanish. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Superhero(x) \u2227 American(x) \u2192 ComeFrom(x, dCUniverse) \u2295 ComeFrom(x, marvelUniverse)) \nAmerican(captainAmerica) \u2227 TopTenFavorite(captainAmerica) \u2227 Superhero(captainAmerica) \n\u00acComeFrom(captainAmerica, dCUniverse)\n\u2200x (American(x) \u2227 TopTenFavorite(x) \u2227 Superhero(x) \u2192 Speak(x, english)) \n\u2203x (Superhero(x) \u2192 (Speak(x, english) \u2227 Speak(x, spanish)))", "conclusion": "Captain America comes from the Marvel universe.", "conclusion-FOL": "ComeFrom(captainAmerica, marvelUniverse)", "label": "True", "example_id": 522} +{"story_id": 181, "premises": "American superheroes come from either the DC Universe or Marvel Universe.\nCaptain America is one of America's top-ten favorite superheroes\nCaptain America does not come from the DC Universe.\nAmerica's top-ten favorite superheroes speak English.\nSome superheroes speak both English and Spanish. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Superhero(x) \u2227 American(x) \u2192 ComeFrom(x, dCUniverse) \u2295 ComeFrom(x, marvelUniverse)) \nAmerican(captainAmerica) \u2227 TopTenFavorite(captainAmerica) \u2227 Superhero(captainAmerica) \n\u00acComeFrom(captainAmerica, dCUniverse)\n\u2200x (American(x) \u2227 TopTenFavorite(x) \u2227 Superhero(x) \u2192 Speak(x, english)) \n\u2203x (Superhero(x) \u2192 (Speak(x, english) \u2227 Speak(x, spanish)))", "conclusion": "Captain America speaks Spanish.", "conclusion-FOL": "Speak(captainAmerica, spanish)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 523} +{"story_id": 75, "premises": "Robert Zimmer was a philosopher born in Germany.\nRobert Zimmer is an essayist.\nRobert Zimmer was born in 1953.\nEvery essayist is a writer.", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(robertZimmer, germany) \u2227 Philosopher(robertZimmer)\nEssayist(robertZimmer)\nBornIn(robertZimmer, yr1953)\n\u2200x (Essayist(x) \u2192 Writer(x))", "conclusion": "Robert Zimmer is German.", "conclusion-FOL": "BornIn(robertZimmer, germany)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 228} +{"story_id": 75, "premises": "Robert Zimmer was a philosopher born in Germany.\nRobert Zimmer is an essayist.\nRobert Zimmer was born in 1953.\nEvery essayist is a writer.", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(robertZimmer, germany) \u2227 Philosopher(robertZimmer)\nEssayist(robertZimmer)\nBornIn(robertZimmer, yr1953)\n\u2200x (Essayist(x) \u2192 Writer(x))", "conclusion": "Robert Zimmer is not a writer.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acWriter(robertZimmer)", "label": "False", "example_id": 229} +{"story_id": 75, "premises": "Robert Zimmer was a philosopher born in Germany.\nRobert Zimmer is an essayist.\nRobert Zimmer was born in 1953.\nEvery essayist is a writer.", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(robertZimmer, germany) \u2227 Philosopher(robertZimmer)\nEssayist(robertZimmer)\nBornIn(robertZimmer, yr1953)\n\u2200x (Essayist(x) \u2192 Writer(x))", "conclusion": "Robert Zimmer is a biographer.", "conclusion-FOL": "Biographer(robertZimmer)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 230} +{"story_id": 250, "premises": "All people who repay their loans on time have a high credit score.\nSome people with high credit scores and high salaries are approved for mortgages.\nJohn has a high salary.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (RepayOnTime(x) \u2192 Has(x, highCreditScore))\n\u2203x ((Has(x, highCreditScore) \u2227 Has(x, highSalary)) \u2192 ApprovedFor(x, mortgage))\nHas(john, highSalary)", "conclusion": "If John repays his loans on time, he will be approved for a mortgage.", "conclusion-FOL": "RepayOnTime(john) \u2192 ApprovedFor(john, mortgage)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 694} +{"story_id": 344, "premises": "All students are members of the university.\nAll graduate students are students.\nAll PhD students are graduate students.\nSome PhD students are Teaching Fellows.\nIf John is not a PhD student, then he is not a member of the university.\nIf John is a Teaching Fellow, then he is a PhD student or a graduate student.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Student(x) \u2192 MemberOf(x, university))\n\u2200x (GraduateStudent(x) \u2192 Student(x))\n\u2200x (PhDStudent(x) \u2192 GraduateStudent(x))\n\u2203x (PhDStudent(x) \u2227 TeachingFellow(x))\n\u00acPhDStudent(john) \u2192 \u00acMemberOf(john, university)\nTeachingFellow(john) \u2192 PhDStudent(john) \u2295 GraduateStudent(john)", "conclusion": "John is a Teaching Fellow", "conclusion-FOL": "TF(john)", "label": "False", "example_id": 907} +{"story_id": 344, "premises": "All students are members of the university.\nAll graduate students are students.\nAll PhD students are graduate students.\nSome PhD students are Teaching Fellows.\nIf John is not a PhD student, then he is not a member of the university.\nIf John is a Teaching Fellow, then he is a PhD student or a graduate student.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Student(x) \u2192 MemberOf(x, university))\n\u2200x (GraduateStudent(x) \u2192 Student(x))\n\u2200x (PhDStudent(x) \u2192 GraduateStudent(x))\n\u2203x (PhDStudent(x) \u2227 TeachingFellow(x))\n\u00acPhDStudent(john) \u2192 \u00acMemberOf(john, university)\nTeachingFellow(john) \u2192 PhDStudent(john) \u2295 GraduateStudent(john)", "conclusion": "John is not a Teaching Fellow.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acTF(john)", "label": "True", "example_id": 908} +{"story_id": 344, "premises": "All students are members of the university.\nAll graduate students are students.\nAll PhD students are graduate students.\nSome PhD students are Teaching Fellows.\nIf John is not a PhD student, then he is not a member of the university.\nIf John is a Teaching Fellow, then he is a PhD student or a graduate student.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Student(x) \u2192 MemberOf(x, university))\n\u2200x (GraduateStudent(x) \u2192 Student(x))\n\u2200x (PhDStudent(x) \u2192 GraduateStudent(x))\n\u2203x (PhDStudent(x) \u2227 TeachingFellow(x))\n\u00acPhDStudent(john) \u2192 \u00acMemberOf(john, university)\nTeachingFellow(john) \u2192 PhDStudent(john) \u2295 GraduateStudent(john)", "conclusion": "John is a PhD student.", "conclusion-FOL": "PhDStudent(john)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 909} +{"story_id": 165, "premises": "Belgium, France, and Germany are European countries.\nParis is the capital of France.\nThe Eiffel Tower is one of the main tourist attractions located in Paris.\nSome people who live in Belgium speak French.\nIf John goes to Europe, he will see some tourist attractions.\nJohn speaks French.", "premises-FOL": "EuropeanCountry(belgium) \u2227 EuropeanCountry(france) \u2227 EuropeanCountry(germany)\nCapitalOf(paris, france)\nTouristAttraction(eiffelTower) \u2227 LocatedIn(eiffelTower, paris)\n\u2203x (LiveIn(x, belgium) \u2192 Speak(x, french))\n\u2203x (GoTo(john, europe) \u2192 (See(john, x) \u2227 TouristAttraction(x)))\nSpeak(john, french)", "conclusion": "If John goes to Europe, he will see the Eiffel Tower.", "conclusion-FOL": "GoTo(john, europe) \u2192 See(john, eiffelTower)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 473} +{"story_id": 165, "premises": "Belgium, France, and Germany are European countries.\nParis is the capital of France.\nThe Eiffel Tower is one of the main tourist attractions located in Paris.\nSome people who live in Belgium speak French.\nIf John goes to Europe, he will see some tourist attractions.\nJohn speaks French.", "premises-FOL": "EuropeanCountry(belgium) \u2227 EuropeanCountry(france) \u2227 EuropeanCountry(germany)\nCapitalOf(paris, france)\nTouristAttraction(eiffelTower) \u2227 LocatedIn(eiffelTower, paris)\n\u2203x (LiveIn(x, belgium) \u2192 Speak(x, french))\n\u2203x (GoTo(john, europe) \u2192 (See(john, x) \u2227 TouristAttraction(x)))\nSpeak(john, french)", "conclusion": "The Eiffel Tower is located in the capital of France.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (CapitalOf(x, france) \u2227 LocatedIn(eiffelTower, x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 474} +{"story_id": 165, "premises": "Belgium, France, and Germany are European countries.\nParis is the capital of France.\nThe Eiffel Tower is one of the main tourist attractions located in Paris.\nSome people who live in Belgium speak French.\nIf John goes to Europe, he will see some tourist attractions.\nJohn speaks French.", "premises-FOL": "EuropeanCountry(belgium) \u2227 EuropeanCountry(france) \u2227 EuropeanCountry(germany)\nCapitalOf(paris, france)\nTouristAttraction(eiffelTower) \u2227 LocatedIn(eiffelTower, paris)\n\u2203x (LiveIn(x, belgium) \u2192 Speak(x, french))\n\u2203x (GoTo(john, europe) \u2192 (See(john, x) \u2227 TouristAttraction(x)))\nSpeak(john, french)", "conclusion": "John lives in Belgium.", "conclusion-FOL": "LiveIn(john, belgium)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 475} +{"story_id": 342, "premises": "All sports cars are loud.\nNo loud cars are electric.\nIf a car is a Ferrari, then it is a sports car.\nAll cars made in Maranello are Ferraris.\nThe Toyota Prius is made in Maranello or is a loud car, or both.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SportsCar(x) \u2192 LoudCar(x))\n\u2200x (LoudCar(x) \u2192 \u00acElectricCar(x))\n\u2200x (Ferrari(x) \u2192 SportsCar(x))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 MadeIn(x, maranello)) \u2192 Ferrari(x))\n(Car(toyotaPrius) \u2227 MadeIn(toyotaPrius, maranello)) \u2228 LoudCar(toyotaPrius)", "conclusion": "Prius is an electric car.", "conclusion-FOL": "ElectricCar(toyotaPrius)", "label": "False", "example_id": 900} +{"story_id": 342, "premises": "All sports cars are loud.\nNo loud cars are electric.\nIf a car is a Ferrari, then it is a sports car.\nAll cars made in Maranello are Ferraris.\nThe Toyota Prius is made in Maranello or is a loud car, or both.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SportsCar(x) \u2192 LoudCar(x))\n\u2200x (LoudCar(x) \u2192 \u00acElectricCar(x))\n\u2200x (Ferrari(x) \u2192 SportsCar(x))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 MadeIn(x, maranello)) \u2192 Ferrari(x))\n(Car(toyotaPrius) \u2227 MadeIn(toyotaPrius, maranello)) \u2228 LoudCar(toyotaPrius)", "conclusion": "The Toyota Prius is not an electric car.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acElectricCar(toyotaPrius)", "label": "True", "example_id": 901} +{"story_id": 342, "premises": "All sports cars are loud.\nNo loud cars are electric.\nIf a car is a Ferrari, then it is a sports car.\nAll cars made in Maranello are Ferraris.\nThe Toyota Prius is made in Maranello or is a loud car, or both.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SportsCar(x) \u2192 LoudCar(x))\n\u2200x (LoudCar(x) \u2192 \u00acElectricCar(x))\n\u2200x (Ferrari(x) \u2192 SportsCar(x))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 MadeIn(x, maranello)) \u2192 Ferrari(x))\n(Car(toyotaPrius) \u2227 MadeIn(toyotaPrius, maranello)) \u2228 LoudCar(toyotaPrius)", "conclusion": "The Toyota Prius is a equipped with a Ferrari V12 engine.", "conclusion-FOL": "MadeIn(toyotaPrius, maranello)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 902} +{"story_id": 342, "premises": "All sports cars are loud.\nNo loud cars are electric.\nIf a car is a Ferrari, then it is a sports car.\nAll cars made in Maranello are Ferraris.\nThe Toyota Prius is made in Maranello or is a loud car, or both.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SportsCar(x) \u2192 LoudCar(x))\n\u2200x (LoudCar(x) \u2192 \u00acElectricCar(x))\n\u2200x (Ferrari(x) \u2192 SportsCar(x))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 MadeIn(x, maranello)) \u2192 Ferrari(x))\n(Car(toyotaPrius) \u2227 MadeIn(toyotaPrius, maranello)) \u2228 LoudCar(toyotaPrius)", "conclusion": "If The Toyota Prius is a Ferrari or a loud car, then The Toyota Prius is an electric car.", "conclusion-FOL": "Ferrari(toyotaPrius) \u2228 LoudCar(toyotaPrius) \u2192 ElectricCar(toyotaPrius)", "label": "False", "example_id": 903} +{"story_id": 446, "premises": "If something is a plant, then it is not a cute animal. Simeng: All plants are not cute animals. \nAll flowers are plants.\nEvery kitten is a cute animal.\nIf something is grown in a garden, then it is a flower.\nPiper is a kitten or a cute animal.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Plant(x) \u2192 \u00acCuteAnimal(x))\n\u2200x (Flower(x) \u2192 Plant(x))\n\u2200x (Kitten(x) \u2192 CuteAnimal(x))\n\u2200x (GrownIn(x, garden) \u2192 Flower(x))\nKitten(piper) \u2228 CuteAnimal(piper)", "conclusion": "Piper was grown in a garden.", "conclusion-FOL": "GrownIn(piper, garden)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1283} +{"story_id": 446, "premises": "If something is a plant, then it is not a cute animal. Simeng: All plants are not cute animals. \nAll flowers are plants.\nEvery kitten is a cute animal.\nIf something is grown in a garden, then it is a flower.\nPiper is a kitten or a cute animal.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Plant(x) \u2192 \u00acCuteAnimal(x))\n\u2200x (Flower(x) \u2192 Plant(x))\n\u2200x (Kitten(x) \u2192 CuteAnimal(x))\n\u2200x (GrownIn(x, garden) \u2192 Flower(x))\nKitten(piper) \u2228 CuteAnimal(piper)", "conclusion": "Piper was not grown in a garden.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acGrownIn(piper, garden)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1284} +{"story_id": 446, "premises": "If something is a plant, then it is not a cute animal. Simeng: All plants are not cute animals. \nAll flowers are plants.\nEvery kitten is a cute animal.\nIf something is grown in a garden, then it is a flower.\nPiper is a kitten or a cute animal.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Plant(x) \u2192 \u00acCuteAnimal(x))\n\u2200x (Flower(x) \u2192 Plant(x))\n\u2200x (Kitten(x) \u2192 CuteAnimal(x))\n\u2200x (GrownIn(x, garden) \u2192 Flower(x))\nKitten(piper) \u2228 CuteAnimal(piper)", "conclusion": "Piper is a kitten.", "conclusion-FOL": "Kitten(piper)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1285} +{"story_id": 149, "premises": "\nGuam sent an athlete to the Calgary Winter Olympics.\nIf Guan sent an athlete to the Calgary Winter Olympics, then the athelete participated in the Olympics in 1988.\nJudd Bankert is the only athlete from Guam who has ever competed in the Winter Olympics.", "premises-FOL": "\n\u2203x (Send(guam, athlete, calgaryWinterOlympics))\n\u2200x (Athlete(x) \u2227 SendTo(guam, x, calgaryWinterOlympics) \u2192 ParticipatedIn(x, winterOlympics, year1988))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Athlete(x) \u2227 From(x, guam) \u2227 ParticipatedIn(x, winterOlympics, y) \u2192 x=juddBankert)", "conclusion": "Judd Bankert competed in the 1988 Winter Olympics.", "conclusion-FOL": "ParticipatedIn(juddBankert, winterOlympics, year1988)", "label": "True", "example_id": 435} +{"story_id": 149, "premises": "\nGuam sent an athlete to the Calgary Winter Olympics.\nIf Guan sent an athlete to the Calgary Winter Olympics, then the athelete participated in the Olympics in 1988.\nJudd Bankert is the only athlete from Guam who has ever competed in the Winter Olympics.", "premises-FOL": "\n\u2203x (Send(guam, athlete, calgaryWinterOlympics))\n\u2200x (Athlete(x) \u2227 SendTo(guam, x, calgaryWinterOlympics) \u2192 ParticipatedIn(x, winterOlympics, year1988))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Athlete(x) \u2227 From(x, guam) \u2227 ParticipatedIn(x, winterOlympics, y) \u2192 x=juddBankert)", "conclusion": "Guam has participated in the Summer Olympics at least once.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (ParticipatedIn(guam, summerOlympics, x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 436} +{"story_id": 70, "premises": "Michael O'Donnell is a British physician, journalist, author, and broadcaster.\nOne of the word-setters of My Word! was Michael O'Donnell.\nThe magazine World Medicine was edited by Michael O'Donnell.\nMichael O'Donnell was born in Yorkshire as the son of a general practitioner.", "premises-FOL": "British(michael) \u2227 Physician(michael) \u2227 Journalist(michael) \u2227 Author(michael) \u2227 Broadcaster(michael)\nWordSetter(michael)\nMagazine(worldMedicine) \u2227 EditedBy(worldMedicine, michael)\nBornIn(michael, yorkshire) \u2227 \u2203x(SonOf(michael, x) \u2227 GeneralPractitioner(x))", "conclusion": "The son of a general practitioner was a word-setter of My Word!.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (SonOf(x, y) \u2227 GeneralPractitioner(y) \u2227 WordSetter(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 208} +{"story_id": 70, "premises": "Michael O'Donnell is a British physician, journalist, author, and broadcaster.\nOne of the word-setters of My Word! was Michael O'Donnell.\nThe magazine World Medicine was edited by Michael O'Donnell.\nMichael O'Donnell was born in Yorkshire as the son of a general practitioner.", "premises-FOL": "British(michael) \u2227 Physician(michael) \u2227 Journalist(michael) \u2227 Author(michael) \u2227 Broadcaster(michael)\nWordSetter(michael)\nMagazine(worldMedicine) \u2227 EditedBy(worldMedicine, michael)\nBornIn(michael, yorkshire) \u2227 \u2203x(SonOf(michael, x) \u2227 GeneralPractitioner(x))", "conclusion": "World Medicine is not a magazine.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acMagazine(worldmedicine)", "label": "False", "example_id": 209} +{"story_id": 70, "premises": "Michael O'Donnell is a British physician, journalist, author, and broadcaster.\nOne of the word-setters of My Word! was Michael O'Donnell.\nThe magazine World Medicine was edited by Michael O'Donnell.\nMichael O'Donnell was born in Yorkshire as the son of a general practitioner.", "premises-FOL": "British(michael) \u2227 Physician(michael) \u2227 Journalist(michael) \u2227 Author(michael) \u2227 Broadcaster(michael)\nWordSetter(michael)\nMagazine(worldMedicine) \u2227 EditedBy(worldMedicine, michael)\nBornIn(michael, yorkshire) \u2227 \u2203x(SonOf(michael, x) \u2227 GeneralPractitioner(x))", "conclusion": "There are no British authors.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (British(x) \u2192 \u00acAuthor(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 210} +{"story_id": 70, "premises": "Michael O'Donnell is a British physician, journalist, author, and broadcaster.\nOne of the word-setters of My Word! was Michael O'Donnell.\nThe magazine World Medicine was edited by Michael O'Donnell.\nMichael O'Donnell was born in Yorkshire as the son of a general practitioner.", "premises-FOL": "British(michael) \u2227 Physician(michael) \u2227 Journalist(michael) \u2227 Author(michael) \u2227 Broadcaster(michael)\nWordSetter(michael)\nMagazine(worldMedicine) \u2227 EditedBy(worldMedicine, michael)\nBornIn(michael, yorkshire) \u2227 \u2203x(SonOf(michael, x) \u2227 GeneralPractitioner(x))", "conclusion": "There are no journalists that were born in Yorkshire.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Journalist(x) \u2192 \u00acBornIn(x, yorkshire))", "label": "False", "example_id": 211} +{"story_id": 70, "premises": "Michael O'Donnell is a British physician, journalist, author, and broadcaster.\nOne of the word-setters of My Word! was Michael O'Donnell.\nThe magazine World Medicine was edited by Michael O'Donnell.\nMichael O'Donnell was born in Yorkshire as the son of a general practitioner.", "premises-FOL": "British(michael) \u2227 Physician(michael) \u2227 Journalist(michael) \u2227 Author(michael) \u2227 Broadcaster(michael)\nWordSetter(michael)\nMagazine(worldMedicine) \u2227 EditedBy(worldMedicine, michael)\nBornIn(michael, yorkshire) \u2227 \u2203x(SonOf(michael, x) \u2227 GeneralPractitioner(x))", "conclusion": "There is a son of a general practitioner that is not an author.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Son(x, y) \u2227 GeneralPractitioner(y) \u2227 \u00acAuthor(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 212} +{"story_id": 255, "premises": "No homework is fun.\nSome reading is homework.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Homework(x) \u2192 \u00acFun(x))\n\u2203x (Reading(x) \u2227 Homework(x))", "conclusion": "Some reading is fun.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Reading(x) \u2227 Fun(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 699} +{"story_id": 298, "premises": "The handbrake of a car is either up or down.\nThe handbrake is down when a car is parked.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (HandbrakeOf(x, y) \u2227 Car(y) \u2192 Up(x) \u2295 Down(x))\n\u2200x \u2200y (HandbrakeOf(x, y) \u2227 Parked(y) \u2227 Car(y) \u2192 Down(x))", "conclusion": "The handbrake is up when some cars are parked.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (HandbrakeOf(x, y) \u2227 Parked(y) \u2227 Car(y) \u2227 Up(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 742} +{"story_id": 382, "premises": "All people in this midwest town who own horse ranches regularly ride horses for pleasure and sport.\nAll people in this midwest town with a lot of disposable income have a horse ranch.\nIf people in this midwest town compete in horse dressage shows, then they have a lot of disposable income.\nIf people in this midwest town compete in horse dressage shows, then they have invested in high-quality equestrian gear and equipment.\nIf people in this midwest town regularly ride horses for pleasure and sport, then they do not live in cramped residential buildings.\nManny is in this midwest town, and she either has a horse ranch and lives in a cramped residential building, or she does neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 Have(x, horseRanch) \u2192 RegularlyRideHorseForPleasure(x))\n\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 Have(x, disposableIncome) \u2192 Have(x, horseRank))\n\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 CompeteIn(x, horseDressageShow) \u2192 Have(x, disposableIncome))\n\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 CompeteIn(x, horseDressageShow) \u2192 InvestedIn(x, equestrianGearAndEquipment))\n\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 RegularlyRideHorseForPleasure(x) \u2192 \u00acLiveIn(x, crampedBuilding))\nInThisMidwestTown(manny) \u2227 \u00ac(Have(manny, horseRanch) \u2295 LiveIn(manny, crampedBuilding))", "conclusion": "Manny regularly rides horses for pleasure and sport.", "conclusion-FOL": "RegularlyRideHorsesForPleasure(manny)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1020} +{"story_id": 382, "premises": "All people in this midwest town who own horse ranches regularly ride horses for pleasure and sport.\nAll people in this midwest town with a lot of disposable income have a horse ranch.\nIf people in this midwest town compete in horse dressage shows, then they have a lot of disposable income.\nIf people in this midwest town compete in horse dressage shows, then they have invested in high-quality equestrian gear and equipment.\nIf people in this midwest town regularly ride horses for pleasure and sport, then they do not live in cramped residential buildings.\nManny is in this midwest town, and she either has a horse ranch and lives in a cramped residential building, or she does neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 Have(x, horseRanch) \u2192 RegularlyRideHorseForPleasure(x))\n\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 Have(x, disposableIncome) \u2192 Have(x, horseRank))\n\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 CompeteIn(x, horseDressageShow) \u2192 Have(x, disposableIncome))\n\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 CompeteIn(x, horseDressageShow) \u2192 InvestedIn(x, equestrianGearAndEquipment))\n\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 RegularlyRideHorseForPleasure(x) \u2192 \u00acLiveIn(x, crampedBuilding))\nInThisMidwestTown(manny) \u2227 \u00ac(Have(manny, horseRanch) \u2295 LiveIn(manny, crampedBuilding))", "conclusion": "Manny competes in horse dressage shows and has invested in high-quality equestrian equipment and gear.", "conclusion-FOL": "CompeteIn(manny, horseDressageShow) \u2227 InvestedIn(manny, equestrianGearAndEquipment)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1021} +{"story_id": 382, "premises": "All people in this midwest town who own horse ranches regularly ride horses for pleasure and sport.\nAll people in this midwest town with a lot of disposable income have a horse ranch.\nIf people in this midwest town compete in horse dressage shows, then they have a lot of disposable income.\nIf people in this midwest town compete in horse dressage shows, then they have invested in high-quality equestrian gear and equipment.\nIf people in this midwest town regularly ride horses for pleasure and sport, then they do not live in cramped residential buildings.\nManny is in this midwest town, and she either has a horse ranch and lives in a cramped residential building, or she does neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 Have(x, horseRanch) \u2192 RegularlyRideHorseForPleasure(x))\n\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 Have(x, disposableIncome) \u2192 Have(x, horseRank))\n\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 CompeteIn(x, horseDressageShow) \u2192 Have(x, disposableIncome))\n\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 CompeteIn(x, horseDressageShow) \u2192 InvestedIn(x, equestrianGearAndEquipment))\n\u2200x (InThisMidwestTown(x) \u2227 RegularlyRideHorseForPleasure(x) \u2192 \u00acLiveIn(x, crampedBuilding))\nInThisMidwestTown(manny) \u2227 \u00ac(Have(manny, horseRanch) \u2295 LiveIn(manny, crampedBuilding))", "conclusion": "If Manny either has a horse ranch or competes in horse dressage shows, then Manny has not invested in high-quality equestrian equipment and gear.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(HaveAHorseRanch(manny) \u2295 CompeteIn(manny, horseDressageShow)) \u2192 \u00acInvestedIn(manny, equestrianGearAndEquipment)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1022} +{"story_id": 54, "premises": "A roundel is a rounded artillery fortification.\nA roundel is not higher than adjacent walls. \nCannons can be deployed on artillery fortifications. \nRoundels are the oldest artillery fortifications.\nBattery towers are artillery fortifications.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Roundel(x) \u2192 (Rounded(x) \u2227 ArtilleryFortification(x)))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Roundel(x) \u2227 AdjacentWalls(x,y)) \u2192 \u00acHigher(x, y))\n\u2200x (ArtilleryFortification(x) \u2192 DeployCannons(x))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Roundel(x) \u2227 ArtilleryFortification(y)) \u2192 Older(x, y))\n\u2200x (BatteryTower(x) \u2192 ArtilleryFortification(x))", "conclusion": "Cannons can be deployed on battery towers.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (BatteryTower(x) \u2192 DeployCannons(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 158} +{"story_id": 54, "premises": "A roundel is a rounded artillery fortification.\nA roundel is not higher than adjacent walls. \nCannons can be deployed on artillery fortifications. \nRoundels are the oldest artillery fortifications.\nBattery towers are artillery fortifications.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Roundel(x) \u2192 (Rounded(x) \u2227 ArtilleryFortification(x)))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Roundel(x) \u2227 AdjacentWalls(x,y)) \u2192 \u00acHigher(x, y))\n\u2200x (ArtilleryFortification(x) \u2192 DeployCannons(x))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Roundel(x) \u2227 ArtilleryFortification(y)) \u2192 Older(x, y))\n\u2200x (BatteryTower(x) \u2192 ArtilleryFortification(x))", "conclusion": "Roundels are older than battery towers.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y ((Roundel(x) \u2227 BatteryTower(y)) \u2192 Older(x, y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 159} +{"story_id": 54, "premises": "A roundel is a rounded artillery fortification.\nA roundel is not higher than adjacent walls. \nCannons can be deployed on artillery fortifications. \nRoundels are the oldest artillery fortifications.\nBattery towers are artillery fortifications.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Roundel(x) \u2192 (Rounded(x) \u2227 ArtilleryFortification(x)))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Roundel(x) \u2227 AdjacentWalls(x,y)) \u2192 \u00acHigher(x, y))\n\u2200x (ArtilleryFortification(x) \u2192 DeployCannons(x))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Roundel(x) \u2227 ArtilleryFortification(y)) \u2192 Older(x, y))\n\u2200x (BatteryTower(x) \u2192 ArtilleryFortification(x))", "conclusion": "Battery towers are higher than adjacent walls.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y ((BatteryTower(x) \u2227 AdjacentWall(x,y)) \u2192 Higher(x, y))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 160} +{"story_id": 54, "premises": "A roundel is a rounded artillery fortification.\nA roundel is not higher than adjacent walls. \nCannons can be deployed on artillery fortifications. \nRoundels are the oldest artillery fortifications.\nBattery towers are artillery fortifications.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Roundel(x) \u2192 (Rounded(x) \u2227 ArtilleryFortification(x)))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Roundel(x) \u2227 AdjacentWalls(x,y)) \u2192 \u00acHigher(x, y))\n\u2200x (ArtilleryFortification(x) \u2192 DeployCannons(x))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Roundel(x) \u2227 ArtilleryFortification(y)) \u2192 Older(x, y))\n\u2200x (BatteryTower(x) \u2192 ArtilleryFortification(x))", "conclusion": "Cannons can be deployed on roundels.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Roundel(x) \u2192 DeployCannons(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 161} +{"story_id": 288, "premises": "Tissues are soft.\nSome papers are tissues.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Tissue(x) \u2192 Soft(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Paper(x) \u2227 Paper(x) \u2227 Tissue(x) \u2227 Tissue(y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "conclusion": "Some papers are hard.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Paper(x) \u2227 Paper(y) \u2227 Hard(x) \u2227 Hard(y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 732} +{"story_id": 169, "premises": "All volunteers receive intangible benefits for their work.\nVolunteers work regularly or on an as-needed basis.\nSome volunteers are trained.\nVolunteers work in groups or individually.\nEnvironmental volunteers contribute toward environmental management or conservation.\nParticipating in natural disaster response is an example of volunteers working in groups on an as-needed basis.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2192 Receive(x, intangibleBenefit))\n\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2192 WorkRegularly(x) \u2295 WorkAsNeeded(x))\n\u2203x (Volunteer(x) \u2192 Trained(x))\n\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2192 (WorkInGroup(x) \u2228 WorkIndividually(x)))\n\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2227 Environmental(x) \u2192 (ContributeTo(x, environmentalManagement) \u2228 ContributeTo(x, environmentalConservation)))\n\u2203x (Volunteer(x) \u2227 ContributeTo(x, naturalDisasterResponse) \u2192 WorkInGroup(x) \u2227 WorkAsNeeded(x))", "conclusion": "Volunteers who participate in natural disaster response receive intangible benefits for their work.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2227 ContributeTo(x, naturalDisasterResponse) \u2192 Receive(x, intangibleBenefit))", "label": "True", "example_id": 485} +{"story_id": 169, "premises": "All volunteers receive intangible benefits for their work.\nVolunteers work regularly or on an as-needed basis.\nSome volunteers are trained.\nVolunteers work in groups or individually.\nEnvironmental volunteers contribute toward environmental management or conservation.\nParticipating in natural disaster response is an example of volunteers working in groups on an as-needed basis.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2192 Receive(x, intangibleBenefit))\n\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2192 WorkRegularly(x) \u2295 WorkAsNeeded(x))\n\u2203x (Volunteer(x) \u2192 Trained(x))\n\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2192 (WorkInGroup(x) \u2228 WorkIndividually(x)))\n\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2227 Environmental(x) \u2192 (ContributeTo(x, environmentalManagement) \u2228 ContributeTo(x, environmentalConservation)))\n\u2203x (Volunteer(x) \u2227 ContributeTo(x, naturalDisasterResponse) \u2192 WorkInGroup(x) \u2227 WorkAsNeeded(x))", "conclusion": "Environmental volunteers work in groups.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2227 Environmental(x) \u2192 WorkInGroup(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 486} +{"story_id": 169, "premises": "All volunteers receive intangible benefits for their work.\nVolunteers work regularly or on an as-needed basis.\nSome volunteers are trained.\nVolunteers work in groups or individually.\nEnvironmental volunteers contribute toward environmental management or conservation.\nParticipating in natural disaster response is an example of volunteers working in groups on an as-needed basis.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2192 Receive(x, intangibleBenefit))\n\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2192 WorkRegularly(x) \u2295 WorkAsNeeded(x))\n\u2203x (Volunteer(x) \u2192 Trained(x))\n\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2192 (WorkInGroup(x) \u2228 WorkIndividually(x)))\n\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2227 Environmental(x) \u2192 (ContributeTo(x, environmentalManagement) \u2228 ContributeTo(x, environmentalConservation)))\n\u2203x (Volunteer(x) \u2227 ContributeTo(x, naturalDisasterResponse) \u2192 WorkInGroup(x) \u2227 WorkAsNeeded(x))", "conclusion": "To be a volunteer, you must be trained.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Volunteer(x) \u2192 Trained(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 487} +{"story_id": 376, "premises": "All people in this tech company who are consistent and enjoy sticking to their regular routines do not like surprises.\nPeople in this tech company who wear the same flannel shirts every day are consistent and enjoy sticking to their regular routines.\nPeople in this tech company who do not like shopping for clothes wear the same flannel shirts every day.\nOld people living in stable homes do not like surprises.\nPeople in this tech company who have very high energy and are impulsive like surprises.\nMike works in this tech company.\nIf Mike is not a person who wears the same flannel shirts every day, has very high energy, and is impulsive, then Mike either is very consistent and enjoys sticking to his regular routines or does not like surprises.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 Consistent(x) \u2227 StickTo(x, theirRegularRoutine) \u2192 \u00acLike(x, surprise))\n\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 \u2203y (flannelShirt(y) \u2227 WearEveryday(x, y)) \u2192 Consistent(x) \u2227 StickTo(x, theirRegularRoutine))\n\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 \u00acLikeShoppingFor(x, clothes) \u2192 \u2203y (flannelShirt(y) \u2227 WearEveryday(x, y)))\n\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 Old(x) \u2227 LiveIn(x, stableHome) \u2192 \u00acLike(x, surprise))\n\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 Have(x, highEnergy) \u2227 Impulsive(x) \u2192 \u00acLike(x, surprise))\nInThisTechCompany(mike)\n\u00ac(\u2203y (flannelShirt(y) \u2227 WearEveryday(x, y)) \u2227 Have(mike, highEnergy) \u2227 Impulsive(mike)) \u2192 (Consistent(mike) \u2227 StickTo(mike, theirRegularRoutine)) \u2295 \u00acLike(mike, surprise)", "conclusion": "Mike is an old person living in a stable home.", "conclusion-FOL": "Old(mike) \u2227 LiveIn(mike, stableHome)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1002} +{"story_id": 376, "premises": "All people in this tech company who are consistent and enjoy sticking to their regular routines do not like surprises.\nPeople in this tech company who wear the same flannel shirts every day are consistent and enjoy sticking to their regular routines.\nPeople in this tech company who do not like shopping for clothes wear the same flannel shirts every day.\nOld people living in stable homes do not like surprises.\nPeople in this tech company who have very high energy and are impulsive like surprises.\nMike works in this tech company.\nIf Mike is not a person who wears the same flannel shirts every day, has very high energy, and is impulsive, then Mike either is very consistent and enjoys sticking to his regular routines or does not like surprises.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 Consistent(x) \u2227 StickTo(x, theirRegularRoutine) \u2192 \u00acLike(x, surprise))\n\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 \u2203y (flannelShirt(y) \u2227 WearEveryday(x, y)) \u2192 Consistent(x) \u2227 StickTo(x, theirRegularRoutine))\n\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 \u00acLikeShoppingFor(x, clothes) \u2192 \u2203y (flannelShirt(y) \u2227 WearEveryday(x, y)))\n\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 Old(x) \u2227 LiveIn(x, stableHome) \u2192 \u00acLike(x, surprise))\n\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 Have(x, highEnergy) \u2227 Impulsive(x) \u2192 \u00acLike(x, surprise))\nInThisTechCompany(mike)\n\u00ac(\u2203y (flannelShirt(y) \u2227 WearEveryday(x, y)) \u2227 Have(mike, highEnergy) \u2227 Impulsive(mike)) \u2192 (Consistent(mike) \u2227 StickTo(mike, theirRegularRoutine)) \u2295 \u00acLike(mike, surprise)", "conclusion": "If Mike wears the same flannel shirts every day or does not like shopping for clothes, then Mike is neither an old person living in a stable home nor does he like shopping for clothes.", "conclusion-FOL": "(\u2203y (flannelShirt(y) \u2227 WearEveryday(mike, y)) \u2228 \u00acLikeShoppingFor(mike, clothes)) \u2192 \u00ac(Old(mike) \u2227 LiveIn(mike, stableHome)) \u2227 \u00acLikeShoppingFor(mike, clothes)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1003} +{"story_id": 376, "premises": "All people in this tech company who are consistent and enjoy sticking to their regular routines do not like surprises.\nPeople in this tech company who wear the same flannel shirts every day are consistent and enjoy sticking to their regular routines.\nPeople in this tech company who do not like shopping for clothes wear the same flannel shirts every day.\nOld people living in stable homes do not like surprises.\nPeople in this tech company who have very high energy and are impulsive like surprises.\nMike works in this tech company.\nIf Mike is not a person who wears the same flannel shirts every day, has very high energy, and is impulsive, then Mike either is very consistent and enjoys sticking to his regular routines or does not like surprises.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 Consistent(x) \u2227 StickTo(x, theirRegularRoutine) \u2192 \u00acLike(x, surprise))\n\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 \u2203y (flannelShirt(y) \u2227 WearEveryday(x, y)) \u2192 Consistent(x) \u2227 StickTo(x, theirRegularRoutine))\n\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 \u00acLikeShoppingFor(x, clothes) \u2192 \u2203y (flannelShirt(y) \u2227 WearEveryday(x, y)))\n\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 Old(x) \u2227 LiveIn(x, stableHome) \u2192 \u00acLike(x, surprise))\n\u2200x (InThisTechCompany(x) \u2227 Have(x, highEnergy) \u2227 Impulsive(x) \u2192 \u00acLike(x, surprise))\nInThisTechCompany(mike)\n\u00ac(\u2203y (flannelShirt(y) \u2227 WearEveryday(x, y)) \u2227 Have(mike, highEnergy) \u2227 Impulsive(mike)) \u2192 (Consistent(mike) \u2227 StickTo(mike, theirRegularRoutine)) \u2295 \u00acLike(mike, surprise)", "conclusion": "If Mike is not an old person living in a stable home and does not like shopping for clothes, then Mike does not like shopping for clothes.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Old(mike) \u2227 LiveIn(mike, stableHome)) \u2227 \u00acLikeShoppingFor(mike, clothes)) \u2192 \u00acLikeShoppingFor(mike, clothes)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1004} +{"story_id": 215, "premises": "Adam owns cars.\nAdam has a favorite car.\nAmong the cars he owns, Adam's favorite car is European.\nAdam broke his favorite car.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x\u2203y (Car(x) \u2227 Car(y) \u2227 (x\u2260y) \u2227 Owns(adam, x)) \n\u2203x (Car(x) \u2227 Favorite(adam, x))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 Owns(adam, x) \u2227 Favorite(adam, x)) \u2192 European(x))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 Owns(adam, x) \u2227 Favorite(adam, x)) \u2192 Broke(adam, x))", "conclusion": "Adam owns a Japanese car.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Japanese(x) \u2227 Owns(adam, x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 615} +{"story_id": 215, "premises": "Adam owns cars.\nAdam has a favorite car.\nAmong the cars he owns, Adam's favorite car is European.\nAdam broke his favorite car.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x\u2203y (Car(x) \u2227 Car(y) \u2227 (x\u2260y) \u2227 Owns(adam, x)) \n\u2203x (Car(x) \u2227 Favorite(adam, x))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 Owns(adam, x) \u2227 Favorite(adam, x)) \u2192 European(x))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 Owns(adam, x) \u2227 Favorite(adam, x)) \u2192 Broke(adam, x))", "conclusion": "Adam broke a European car.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (European(x) \u2227 Broke(adam, x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 616} +{"story_id": 433, "premises": "There are no buildings in New Haven higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are in New Haven. \nAll Manhattan skyscrapers are higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are in Manhattan. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are buildings owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is neither a building in New Haven nor a skyscraper in Manhattan.\nTower B is a skyscraper building in Manhattan with a Bloomberg logo. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 In(x, newHaven)) \u2192 \u00acHigherThan(x, num400))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 ManagedBy(x, yaleHousing)) \u2192 In(x, newHaven))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 Skyscraper(x) \u2227 In(x, manhattan)) \u2192 HigherThan(x, num400))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 OwnedBy(x, bloomberg)) \u2192 Skyscraper(x) \u2227 In(x, manhattan))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 HasLogo(x, bloomberg)) \u2192 OwnedBy(x, bloomberg))\nBuildings(towerA) \u2227 (\u00acInNewHaven(towerA)) \u2227 (\u00acManhattanSkyscraper(towerA))\nBuildings(towerB) \u2227 HasLogo(towerB, bloomberg) \u2227 Skyscraper(towerB) \u2227 In(towerB, manhattan)", "conclusion": "Tower A is higher than 400 meters.", "conclusion-FOL": "HigherThan(towerA, num400)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1235} +{"story_id": 433, "premises": "There are no buildings in New Haven higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are in New Haven. \nAll Manhattan skyscrapers are higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are in Manhattan. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are buildings owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is neither a building in New Haven nor a skyscraper in Manhattan.\nTower B is a skyscraper building in Manhattan with a Bloomberg logo. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 In(x, newHaven)) \u2192 \u00acHigherThan(x, num400))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 ManagedBy(x, yaleHousing)) \u2192 In(x, newHaven))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 Skyscraper(x) \u2227 In(x, manhattan)) \u2192 HigherThan(x, num400))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 OwnedBy(x, bloomberg)) \u2192 Skyscraper(x) \u2227 In(x, manhattan))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 HasLogo(x, bloomberg)) \u2192 OwnedBy(x, bloomberg))\nBuildings(towerA) \u2227 (\u00acInNewHaven(towerA)) \u2227 (\u00acManhattanSkyscraper(towerA))\nBuildings(towerB) \u2227 HasLogo(towerB, bloomberg) \u2227 Skyscraper(towerB) \u2227 In(towerB, manhattan)", "conclusion": "Tower A is not higher than 400 meters.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acHigherThan(towerA, num400)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1236} +{"story_id": 433, "premises": "There are no buildings in New Haven higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are in New Haven. \nAll Manhattan skyscrapers are higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are in Manhattan. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are buildings owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is neither a building in New Haven nor a skyscraper in Manhattan.\nTower B is a skyscraper building in Manhattan with a Bloomberg logo. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 In(x, newHaven)) \u2192 \u00acHigherThan(x, num400))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 ManagedBy(x, yaleHousing)) \u2192 In(x, newHaven))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 Skyscraper(x) \u2227 In(x, manhattan)) \u2192 HigherThan(x, num400))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 OwnedBy(x, bloomberg)) \u2192 Skyscraper(x) \u2227 In(x, manhattan))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 HasLogo(x, bloomberg)) \u2192 OwnedBy(x, bloomberg))\nBuildings(towerA) \u2227 (\u00acInNewHaven(towerA)) \u2227 (\u00acManhattanSkyscraper(towerA))\nBuildings(towerB) \u2227 HasLogo(towerB, bloomberg) \u2227 Skyscraper(towerB) \u2227 In(towerB, manhattan)", "conclusion": "Tower A is a building with the Bloomberg logo or it is managed by Yale Housing.", "conclusion-FOL": "HasLogo(towerB, bloomberg) \u2228 ManagedBy(x, yaleHousing)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1237} +{"story_id": 433, "premises": "There are no buildings in New Haven higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are in New Haven. \nAll Manhattan skyscrapers are higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are in Manhattan. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are buildings owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is neither a building in New Haven nor a skyscraper in Manhattan.\nTower B is a skyscraper building in Manhattan with a Bloomberg logo. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 In(x, newHaven)) \u2192 \u00acHigherThan(x, num400))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 ManagedBy(x, yaleHousing)) \u2192 In(x, newHaven))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 Skyscraper(x) \u2227 In(x, manhattan)) \u2192 HigherThan(x, num400))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 OwnedBy(x, bloomberg)) \u2192 Skyscraper(x) \u2227 In(x, manhattan))\n\u2200x ((Buildings(x) \u2227 HasLogo(x, bloomberg)) \u2192 OwnedBy(x, bloomberg))\nBuildings(towerA) \u2227 (\u00acInNewHaven(towerA)) \u2227 (\u00acManhattanSkyscraper(towerA))\nBuildings(towerB) \u2227 HasLogo(towerB, bloomberg) \u2227 Skyscraper(towerB) \u2227 In(towerB, manhattan)", "conclusion": "Tower A is neither a building with the Bloomberg logo nor managed by Yale Housing.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acHasLogo(towerB, bloomberg) \u2227 (\u00acManagedBy(x, yaleHousing))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1238} +{"story_id": 439, "premises": "No fish are birds.\nAn osprey is a bird.\nA carp is a fish.\nAll goldfish are carp.\nIf Bubbles is either an osprey or a goldfish, then Bubbles is not also a fish.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Fish(x) \u2192 \u00acBird(x))\n\u2200x (Osprey(x) \u2192 Bird(x))\n\u2200x (Carp(x) \u2192 Fish(x))\n\u2200x (Goldfish(x) \u2192 Carp(x))\nOsprey(bubbles) \u2295 Goldfish(bubbles) \u2192 \u00acFish(bubbles)", "conclusion": "Bubbles is an Osprey.", "conclusion-FOL": "Osprey(bubbles)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1261} +{"story_id": 439, "premises": "No fish are birds.\nAn osprey is a bird.\nA carp is a fish.\nAll goldfish are carp.\nIf Bubbles is either an osprey or a goldfish, then Bubbles is not also a fish.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Fish(x) \u2192 \u00acBird(x))\n\u2200x (Osprey(x) \u2192 Bird(x))\n\u2200x (Carp(x) \u2192 Fish(x))\n\u2200x (Goldfish(x) \u2192 Carp(x))\nOsprey(bubbles) \u2295 Goldfish(bubbles) \u2192 \u00acFish(bubbles)", "conclusion": "Bubbles is a goldfish.", "conclusion-FOL": "Goldfish(bubbles)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1262} +{"story_id": 439, "premises": "No fish are birds.\nAn osprey is a bird.\nA carp is a fish.\nAll goldfish are carp.\nIf Bubbles is either an osprey or a goldfish, then Bubbles is not also a fish.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Fish(x) \u2192 \u00acBird(x))\n\u2200x (Osprey(x) \u2192 Bird(x))\n\u2200x (Carp(x) \u2192 Fish(x))\n\u2200x (Goldfish(x) \u2192 Carp(x))\nOsprey(bubbles) \u2295 Goldfish(bubbles) \u2192 \u00acFish(bubbles)", "conclusion": "Bubbles is not a goldfish.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acGoldfish(bubbles)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1263} +{"story_id": 158, "premises": "Mr. and Mrs. Smith make a travel plan: they want to go to a city in California or Florida where neither of them has ever been.\nThe cities in California that they are interested in are San Francisco, Los Angeles, and San Diego.\nCities in Florida that they are interested in are Orlando and Miami.\nMr. Smith has been to two cities in California.\nMrs. Smith has been to one city in Florida.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WantToGoTo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, x) \u2227 City(x) \u2192 (California(x) \u2228 Florida(x)) \u2227 NeverGo(x))\nCity(sanFrancisco) \u2227 California(sanFrancisco) \u2227 WantToGoTo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, sanFrancisco) \u2227 City(losAngeles) \u2227 California(losAngeles) \u2227 WantToGoTo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, losAngeles) \u2227 City(sanDiego) \u2227 California(sanDiego) \u2227 WantToGoTo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, sanDiego)\nCity(orlando) \u2227 Florida(orlando) \u2227 WantToGo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, orlando) \u2227 City(miami) \u2227 Florida(miami) \u2227 WantToGo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, miami)\n\u2203x \u2203y \u2200z (\u00ac(x=z) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y) \u2227 City(x) \u2227 City(y) \u2227 City(z) \u2227 California(x) \u2227 California(y) \u2227 California(z) \u2192 Visit(mr.smith, x) \u2227 Visit(mr.smith, y) \u2227 \u00acVisit(mr.smith, z))\n\u2203x \u2200y (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 City(x) \u2227 City(y) \u2227 Florida(x) \u2227 Florida(y) \u2192 Visit(mrs.smith, x) \u2227 \u00acVisit(mrs.smith, y))", "conclusion": "Mr. Smith has been to San Francisco.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (City(x) \u2227 Visit(mr.smith, sanFrancisco))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 453} +{"story_id": 158, "premises": "Mr. and Mrs. Smith make a travel plan: they want to go to a city in California or Florida where neither of them has ever been.\nThe cities in California that they are interested in are San Francisco, Los Angeles, and San Diego.\nCities in Florida that they are interested in are Orlando and Miami.\nMr. Smith has been to two cities in California.\nMrs. Smith has been to one city in Florida.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WantToGoTo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, x) \u2227 City(x) \u2192 (California(x) \u2228 Florida(x)) \u2227 NeverGo(x))\nCity(sanFrancisco) \u2227 California(sanFrancisco) \u2227 WantToGoTo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, sanFrancisco) \u2227 City(losAngeles) \u2227 California(losAngeles) \u2227 WantToGoTo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, losAngeles) \u2227 City(sanDiego) \u2227 California(sanDiego) \u2227 WantToGoTo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, sanDiego)\nCity(orlando) \u2227 Florida(orlando) \u2227 WantToGo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, orlando) \u2227 City(miami) \u2227 Florida(miami) \u2227 WantToGo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, miami)\n\u2203x \u2203y \u2200z (\u00ac(x=z) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y) \u2227 City(x) \u2227 City(y) \u2227 City(z) \u2227 California(x) \u2227 California(y) \u2227 California(z) \u2192 Visit(mr.smith, x) \u2227 Visit(mr.smith, y) \u2227 \u00acVisit(mr.smith, z))\n\u2203x \u2200y (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 City(x) \u2227 City(y) \u2227 Florida(x) \u2227 Florida(y) \u2192 Visit(mrs.smith, x) \u2227 \u00acVisit(mrs.smith, y))", "conclusion": "They have at leat one candidate city in Florida to visit.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (WantToGoTo(x) \u2227 City(x) \u2227 Florida(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 454} +{"story_id": 158, "premises": "Mr. and Mrs. Smith make a travel plan: they want to go to a city in California or Florida where neither of them has ever been.\nThe cities in California that they are interested in are San Francisco, Los Angeles, and San Diego.\nCities in Florida that they are interested in are Orlando and Miami.\nMr. Smith has been to two cities in California.\nMrs. Smith has been to one city in Florida.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WantToGoTo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, x) \u2227 City(x) \u2192 (California(x) \u2228 Florida(x)) \u2227 NeverGo(x))\nCity(sanFrancisco) \u2227 California(sanFrancisco) \u2227 WantToGoTo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, sanFrancisco) \u2227 City(losAngeles) \u2227 California(losAngeles) \u2227 WantToGoTo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, losAngeles) \u2227 City(sanDiego) \u2227 California(sanDiego) \u2227 WantToGoTo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, sanDiego)\nCity(orlando) \u2227 Florida(orlando) \u2227 WantToGo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, orlando) \u2227 City(miami) \u2227 Florida(miami) \u2227 WantToGo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, miami)\n\u2203x \u2203y \u2200z (\u00ac(x=z) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y) \u2227 City(x) \u2227 City(y) \u2227 City(z) \u2227 California(x) \u2227 California(y) \u2227 California(z) \u2192 Visit(mr.smith, x) \u2227 Visit(mr.smith, y) \u2227 \u00acVisit(mr.smith, z))\n\u2203x \u2200y (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 City(x) \u2227 City(y) \u2227 Florida(x) \u2227 Florida(y) \u2192 Visit(mrs.smith, x) \u2227 \u00acVisit(mrs.smith, y))", "conclusion": "They have at least two candidate cities in California to visit.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 City(x) \u2227 City(y) \u2227 WantToGoTo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, x) \u2227 California(x) \u2227 WantToGoTo(mr.AndMrs.Smith, y) \u2227 California(y))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 455} +{"story_id": 486, "premises": "Everything in Size Town is big or small.\nAll big things in Size Town are heavy.\nAll small things in Size Town are light.\nAll heavy things in Size Town are still.\nAll light things in Size Town are unstable.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are changing.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are unpredictable.\nThe bird is in Size Town and it is not both heavy and still.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 (Big(x) \u2228 Small(x)))\n\u2200x (Big(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Heavy(x))\n\u2200x (Small(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Light(x))\n\u2200x (Heavy(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Still(x))\n\u2200x (Light(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Unstable(x))\n\u2200x (Unstable(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Changing(x))\n\u2200x (Unstable(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Unpredictable(x))\nIn(bird, sizeTown) \u2227 \u00ac(Heavy(bird) \u2227 Still(bird))", "conclusion": "The bird is still.", "conclusion-FOL": "Still(bird)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1424} +{"story_id": 486, "premises": "Everything in Size Town is big or small.\nAll big things in Size Town are heavy.\nAll small things in Size Town are light.\nAll heavy things in Size Town are still.\nAll light things in Size Town are unstable.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are changing.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are unpredictable.\nThe bird is in Size Town and it is not both heavy and still.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 (Big(x) \u2228 Small(x)))\n\u2200x (Big(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Heavy(x))\n\u2200x (Small(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Light(x))\n\u2200x (Heavy(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Still(x))\n\u2200x (Light(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Unstable(x))\n\u2200x (Unstable(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Changing(x))\n\u2200x (Unstable(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Unpredictable(x))\nIn(bird, sizeTown) \u2227 \u00ac(Heavy(bird) \u2227 Still(bird))", "conclusion": "The bird is not still.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acStill(bird)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1425} +{"story_id": 486, "premises": "Everything in Size Town is big or small.\nAll big things in Size Town are heavy.\nAll small things in Size Town are light.\nAll heavy things in Size Town are still.\nAll light things in Size Town are unstable.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are changing.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are unpredictable.\nThe bird is in Size Town and it is not both heavy and still.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 (Big(x) \u2228 Small(x)))\n\u2200x (Big(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Heavy(x))\n\u2200x (Small(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Light(x))\n\u2200x (Heavy(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Still(x))\n\u2200x (Light(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Unstable(x))\n\u2200x (Unstable(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Changing(x))\n\u2200x (Unstable(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Unpredictable(x))\nIn(bird, sizeTown) \u2227 \u00ac(Heavy(bird) \u2227 Still(bird))", "conclusion": "The bird is unpredictable and changing.", "conclusion-FOL": "Unpredictable(bird) \u2227 Changing(bird)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1426} +{"story_id": 486, "premises": "Everything in Size Town is big or small.\nAll big things in Size Town are heavy.\nAll small things in Size Town are light.\nAll heavy things in Size Town are still.\nAll light things in Size Town are unstable.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are changing.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are unpredictable.\nThe bird is in Size Town and it is not both heavy and still.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 (Big(x) \u2228 Small(x)))\n\u2200x (Big(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Heavy(x))\n\u2200x (Small(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Light(x))\n\u2200x (Heavy(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Still(x))\n\u2200x (Light(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Unstable(x))\n\u2200x (Unstable(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Changing(x))\n\u2200x (Unstable(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Unpredictable(x))\nIn(bird, sizeTown) \u2227 \u00ac(Heavy(bird) \u2227 Still(bird))", "conclusion": "The bird is unpredictable or changing.", "conclusion-FOL": "Unpredictable(bird) \u2228 Changing(bird)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1427} +{"story_id": 486, "premises": "Everything in Size Town is big or small.\nAll big things in Size Town are heavy.\nAll small things in Size Town are light.\nAll heavy things in Size Town are still.\nAll light things in Size Town are unstable.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are changing.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are unpredictable.\nThe bird is in Size Town and it is not both heavy and still.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 (Big(x) \u2228 Small(x)))\n\u2200x (Big(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Heavy(x))\n\u2200x (Small(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Light(x))\n\u2200x (Heavy(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Still(x))\n\u2200x (Light(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Unstable(x))\n\u2200x (Unstable(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Changing(x))\n\u2200x (Unstable(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Unpredictable(x))\nIn(bird, sizeTown) \u2227 \u00ac(Heavy(bird) \u2227 Still(bird))", "conclusion": "The bird is either unpredictable or changing.", "conclusion-FOL": "Unpredictable(bird) \u2295 Changing(bird)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1428} +{"story_id": 486, "premises": "Everything in Size Town is big or small.\nAll big things in Size Town are heavy.\nAll small things in Size Town are light.\nAll heavy things in Size Town are still.\nAll light things in Size Town are unstable.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are changing.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are unpredictable.\nThe bird is in Size Town and it is not both heavy and still.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 (Big(x) \u2228 Small(x)))\n\u2200x (Big(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Heavy(x))\n\u2200x (Small(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Light(x))\n\u2200x (Heavy(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Still(x))\n\u2200x (Light(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Unstable(x))\n\u2200x (Unstable(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Changing(x))\n\u2200x (Unstable(x) \u2227 In(x, sizeTown) \u2192 Unpredictable(x))\nIn(bird, sizeTown) \u2227 \u00ac(Heavy(bird) \u2227 Still(bird))", "conclusion": "If the bird is small or still, then it is either unpredictable or changing.", "conclusion-FOL": "Small(bird) \u2228 Still(bird) \u2192 Unpredictable(bird) \u2295 Changing(bird)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1429} +{"story_id": 95, "premises": "DI Ray is a police procedural television series.\nDI Ray was created and written by Maya Sondhi.\nDI Ray was produced by Jed Mercurio.\nMaya Sondhi and Jed Mercurio are both British.", "premises-FOL": "TelevisionSeries(dIRay) \u2227 PoliceProcedural(dIRay)\nCreates(maya, dIRay) \u2227 Writes(maya, dIRay)\nProduces(jed, dIRay)\nBritish(maya) \u2227 British(jed) ", "conclusion": "DI Ray was created by a Brit.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (British(x) \u2227 Creates(x, dIRay))", "label": "True", "example_id": 287} +{"story_id": 95, "premises": "DI Ray is a police procedural television series.\nDI Ray was created and written by Maya Sondhi.\nDI Ray was produced by Jed Mercurio.\nMaya Sondhi and Jed Mercurio are both British.", "premises-FOL": "TelevisionSeries(dIRay) \u2227 PoliceProcedural(dIRay)\nCreates(maya, dIRay) \u2227 Writes(maya, dIRay)\nProduces(jed, dIRay)\nBritish(maya) \u2227 British(jed) ", "conclusion": "Some Brit produced a television series.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y(British(x) \u2227 TelevisionSeries(y) \u2227 Produces(x, y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 288} +{"story_id": 465, "premises": "Everyone who took the bar exam can read. \nAll lawyers took the bar exam. \nEveryone who took the bar exam is knowledgeable about criminal procedures. \nAll people who got a score of 180 on the LSAT can read. \nNo elephants can read. \nIf Mike can not read or is not an elephant, then Mike either took the bar exam or can read. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Take(x, barExam) \u2192 CanRead(x))\n\u2200x (Lawyer(x) \u2192 Take(x, barExam))\n\u2200x (Take(x, barExam) \u2192 KnowledgeableAbout(x, criminalProceeder))\n\u2200x (GetOn(x, scoreOf180, lSAT) \u2192 CanRead(x))\n\u2200x (Elephant(x) \u2192 \u00acCanRead(x))\n\u00ac(CanRead(mike) \u2227 Elephant(mike)) \u2192 Take(mike, barExam) \u2295 CanRead(mike)", "conclusion": "Mike got 180 on the LSAT.", "conclusion-FOL": "GetOn(mike, 180, lSAT)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1342} +{"story_id": 465, "premises": "Everyone who took the bar exam can read. \nAll lawyers took the bar exam. \nEveryone who took the bar exam is knowledgeable about criminal procedures. \nAll people who got a score of 180 on the LSAT can read. \nNo elephants can read. \nIf Mike can not read or is not an elephant, then Mike either took the bar exam or can read. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Take(x, barExam) \u2192 CanRead(x))\n\u2200x (Lawyer(x) \u2192 Take(x, barExam))\n\u2200x (Take(x, barExam) \u2192 KnowledgeableAbout(x, criminalProceeder))\n\u2200x (GetOn(x, scoreOf180, lSAT) \u2192 CanRead(x))\n\u2200x (Elephant(x) \u2192 \u00acCanRead(x))\n\u00ac(CanRead(mike) \u2227 Elephant(mike)) \u2192 Take(mike, barExam) \u2295 CanRead(mike)", "conclusion": "Mike did not take the bar exam and is not both knowledgeable about criminal procedures and someone who got 180 on the LSAT.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acTake(mike, barExam) \u2227 \u00ac(KnowledgeableAbout(mike, criminalProcedures)\u2227 GetOn(mike, 180, lSAT))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1343} +{"story_id": 465, "premises": "Everyone who took the bar exam can read. \nAll lawyers took the bar exam. \nEveryone who took the bar exam is knowledgeable about criminal procedures. \nAll people who got a score of 180 on the LSAT can read. \nNo elephants can read. \nIf Mike can not read or is not an elephant, then Mike either took the bar exam or can read. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Take(x, barExam) \u2192 CanRead(x))\n\u2200x (Lawyer(x) \u2192 Take(x, barExam))\n\u2200x (Take(x, barExam) \u2192 KnowledgeableAbout(x, criminalProceeder))\n\u2200x (GetOn(x, scoreOf180, lSAT) \u2192 CanRead(x))\n\u2200x (Elephant(x) \u2192 \u00acCanRead(x))\n\u00ac(CanRead(mike) \u2227 Elephant(mike)) \u2192 Take(mike, barExam) \u2295 CanRead(mike)", "conclusion": "Mike took the bar exam.", "conclusion-FOL": "Take(mike, barExam)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1344} +{"story_id": 326, "premises": "Some soccer defenders are center-backs.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nNo soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nStephen Curry is an NBA player.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x) \u2227 ProfessionalCenterback(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x)))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\nNBAPlayer(stephencurry)", "conclusion": "Stephen Curry is a center-back.", "conclusion-FOL": "ProfessionalCenterback(stephenCurry)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 834} +{"story_id": 326, "premises": "Some soccer defenders are center-backs.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nNo soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nStephen Curry is an NBA player.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x) \u2227 ProfessionalCenterback(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x)))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\nNBAPlayer(stephencurry)", "conclusion": "Stephen Curry is not both a centerback and a soccer defender.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(ProfessionalCenterback(stephenCurry) \u2227 ProfessionalSoccerDefender(stephenCurry))", "label": "False", "example_id": 835} +{"story_id": 326, "premises": "Some soccer defenders are center-backs.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nNo soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nStephen Curry is an NBA player.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x) \u2227 ProfessionalCenterback(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x)))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\nNBAPlayer(stephencurry)", "conclusion": "If Stephen Curry is not both a centerback and a soccer defender, then Stephen Curry is neither a soccer player nor a professional basketball player.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Centerback(stephenCurry) \u2227 SoccerDefender(stephenCurry)) \u2192 \u00ac(SoccerPlayer(stephenCurry) \u2228 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(stephenCurry))", "label": "True", "example_id": 836} +{"story_id": 186, "premises": "If a person doesn't have enough money to buy a product, then that person can't buy it.\nMonitors are products.\n4k monitors are more expensive than 1080 monitors and 2k monitors.\nJohn is a person.\nJohn doesn't have enough money to buy a 2k monitor.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (Person(x) \u2227 Product(y) \u2227 \u00acHaveEnoughMoneyFor(x, y) \u2192 \u00acBuy(x, y))\n\u2200x (Monitor(x) \u2192 Product(x))\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (Monitor(x) \u2227 Monitor(y) \u2227 Monitor(z) \u2227 FourK(x) \u2227 OneOEightO(y) \u2227 TwoK(z) \u2192 MoreExpensive(x, y) \u2227 MoreExpensive(x, z))\nPerson(john)\n\u2200x (Monitor(x) \u2227 TwoK(x) \u2192 \u00acHaveEnoughMoneyFor(john, x))", "conclusion": "John can't buy a 1080 monitor.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Monitor(x) \u2227 OneOEightO(x) \u2192 \u00acBuy(john, x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 537} +{"story_id": 186, "premises": "If a person doesn't have enough money to buy a product, then that person can't buy it.\nMonitors are products.\n4k monitors are more expensive than 1080 monitors and 2k monitors.\nJohn is a person.\nJohn doesn't have enough money to buy a 2k monitor.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (Person(x) \u2227 Product(y) \u2227 \u00acHaveEnoughMoneyFor(x, y) \u2192 \u00acBuy(x, y))\n\u2200x (Monitor(x) \u2192 Product(x))\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (Monitor(x) \u2227 Monitor(y) \u2227 Monitor(z) \u2227 FourK(x) \u2227 OneOEightO(y) \u2227 TwoK(z) \u2192 MoreExpensive(x, y) \u2227 MoreExpensive(x, z))\nPerson(john)\n\u2200x (Monitor(x) \u2227 TwoK(x) \u2192 \u00acHaveEnoughMoneyFor(john, x))", "conclusion": "John can't buy a 2k monitor.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Monitor(x) \u2227 TwoK(x) \u2192 \u00acBuy(john, x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 538} +{"story_id": 263, "premises": "All artificial satellites are important scientific achievements.\nSome artificial satellites are not U.S. inventions.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ArtificialSatellite(x) \u2192 ImportantScientificAchievement(x))\n\u2203x (ArtificialSatellite(x) \u2227 \u00acUSInvention(x))", "conclusion": "All important scientific achievements are U.S. inventions.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (ImportantScientificAchievement(x) \u2227 USInvention(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 707} +{"story_id": 257, "premises": "Some cats are not pets.\nAll cats are mammals.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Cat(x) \u2227 \u00acPet(x))\n\u2200x (Cat(x) \u2192 Mammal(x))", "conclusion": "Some mammals are not pets.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Mammal(x) \u2227 Mammal(y) \u2227 \u00acPet(x) \u2227 \u00acPet(y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 701} +{"story_id": 364, "premises": "If people in this neighborhood visit a coffee shop regularly, then they are addicted to coffee. \nPeople in this neighborhood visit a coffee shop regularly or order takeout at least once a day.\nIf people in this neighborhood make a lot of their own food at home using recipes and online guides, then they order takeout at least once a day.\nIf people in this neighborhood own at least one coffeemaker and one blender in their home, then they do not order takeout at least once a day.\nAll people in this neighborhood who lead very busy lives that include 12-hour work hours make a lot of their own food at home using recipes and online guides.\nSam is living in this neighborhood, and he is either addicted to coffee or other caffeinated drinks and leads a very busy life that include 12-hour work hours, or is not addicted to coffee and does not lead a very busy life that include 12-hour work hours", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 VisitRegularly(x, coffeeShop) \u2192 AddictedTo(x, coffee))\n\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2192 (VisitRegularly(x, coffeeShop) \u2228 (\u2203y (TakeOut(y) \u2227 Order(x, y, aDay))))\n\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 MakeAtUsing(x, home, ownFood, recipe) \u2192 \u2203y (TakeOut(y) \u2227 Order(x, y)))\n\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 \u2203y (CoffeemakerAndBlender(y) \u2227 Own(x, y)) \u2192 \u00acOrderAtLeastOnceADay(x, takeout))\n\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 BusyWith(x, 12HourWorkHour) \u2192 MakeAtUsing(x, home, ownFood, recipe))\nIn(sam, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 \u00ac(AddictedTo(sam, coffee) \u2295 BusyWith(sam, 12HourWorkHour))", "conclusion": "Sam is living in this neighborhood and he is addicted to coffee.", "conclusion-FOL": "InThisNeighborhood(sam) \u2227 AddictedTo(sam, coffee)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 967} +{"story_id": 364, "premises": "If people in this neighborhood visit a coffee shop regularly, then they are addicted to coffee. \nPeople in this neighborhood visit a coffee shop regularly or order takeout at least once a day.\nIf people in this neighborhood make a lot of their own food at home using recipes and online guides, then they order takeout at least once a day.\nIf people in this neighborhood own at least one coffeemaker and one blender in their home, then they do not order takeout at least once a day.\nAll people in this neighborhood who lead very busy lives that include 12-hour work hours make a lot of their own food at home using recipes and online guides.\nSam is living in this neighborhood, and he is either addicted to coffee or other caffeinated drinks and leads a very busy life that include 12-hour work hours, or is not addicted to coffee and does not lead a very busy life that include 12-hour work hours", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 VisitRegularly(x, coffeeShop) \u2192 AddictedTo(x, coffee))\n\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2192 (VisitRegularly(x, coffeeShop) \u2228 (\u2203y (TakeOut(y) \u2227 Order(x, y, aDay))))\n\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 MakeAtUsing(x, home, ownFood, recipe) \u2192 \u2203y (TakeOut(y) \u2227 Order(x, y)))\n\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 \u2203y (CoffeemakerAndBlender(y) \u2227 Own(x, y)) \u2192 \u00acOrderAtLeastOnceADay(x, takeout))\n\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 BusyWith(x, 12HourWorkHour) \u2192 MakeAtUsing(x, home, ownFood, recipe))\nIn(sam, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 \u00ac(AddictedTo(sam, coffee) \u2295 BusyWith(sam, 12HourWorkHour))", "conclusion": "Sam is living in this neighborhood and he owns at least one coffeemaker and one blender in his home.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203y (CoffeemakerAndBlender(y) \u2227 Own(sam, y))", "label": "False", "example_id": 968} +{"story_id": 364, "premises": "If people in this neighborhood visit a coffee shop regularly, then they are addicted to coffee. \nPeople in this neighborhood visit a coffee shop regularly or order takeout at least once a day.\nIf people in this neighborhood make a lot of their own food at home using recipes and online guides, then they order takeout at least once a day.\nIf people in this neighborhood own at least one coffeemaker and one blender in their home, then they do not order takeout at least once a day.\nAll people in this neighborhood who lead very busy lives that include 12-hour work hours make a lot of their own food at home using recipes and online guides.\nSam is living in this neighborhood, and he is either addicted to coffee or other caffeinated drinks and leads a very busy life that include 12-hour work hours, or is not addicted to coffee and does not lead a very busy life that include 12-hour work hours", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 VisitRegularly(x, coffeeShop) \u2192 AddictedTo(x, coffee))\n\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2192 (VisitRegularly(x, coffeeShop) \u2228 (\u2203y (TakeOut(y) \u2227 Order(x, y, aDay))))\n\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 MakeAtUsing(x, home, ownFood, recipe) \u2192 \u2203y (TakeOut(y) \u2227 Order(x, y)))\n\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 \u2203y (CoffeemakerAndBlender(y) \u2227 Own(x, y)) \u2192 \u00acOrderAtLeastOnceADay(x, takeout))\n\u2200x (In(x, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 BusyWith(x, 12HourWorkHour) \u2192 MakeAtUsing(x, home, ownFood, recipe))\nIn(sam, thisNeighborhood) \u2227 \u00ac(AddictedTo(sam, coffee) \u2295 BusyWith(sam, 12HourWorkHour))", "conclusion": "Sam is living in this neighborhood and he owns at least one coffeemaker and one blender in his home or orders takeout at least once a day.", "conclusion-FOL": "(\u2203y (CoffeemakerAndBlender(y) \u2227 Own(sam, y)) \u2228 (\u2203y (TakeOut(y) \u2227 Order(sam, y, aDay)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 969} +{"story_id": 327, "premises": "No professional basketball players are soccer players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nAll centerbacks are soccer defenders.\nRoger Federer is either both an NBA player and a soccer defender, or neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalCenterback(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x))\n\u00ac(NBAPlayer(rogerfederer) \u2295 ProfessionalSoccerDefender(rogerfederer))", "conclusion": "Roger Federer is a centerback.", "conclusion-FOL": "ProfessionalCenterback(rogerFederer)", "label": "False", "example_id": 837} +{"story_id": 327, "premises": "No professional basketball players are soccer players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nAll centerbacks are soccer defenders.\nRoger Federer is either both an NBA player and a soccer defender, or neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalCenterback(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x))\n\u00ac(NBAPlayer(rogerfederer) \u2295 ProfessionalSoccerDefender(rogerfederer))", "conclusion": "Roger Federer is not a centerback.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acProfessionalCenterback(rogerFederer)", "label": "True", "example_id": 838} +{"story_id": 327, "premises": "No professional basketball players are soccer players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nAll centerbacks are soccer defenders.\nRoger Federer is either both an NBA player and a soccer defender, or neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalBasketballPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (ProfessionalCenterback(x) \u2192 ProfessionalSoccerDefender(x))\n\u00ac(NBAPlayer(rogerfederer) \u2295 ProfessionalSoccerDefender(rogerfederer))", "conclusion": "Roger Federer is a soccer player.", "conclusion-FOL": "ProfessionalSoccerPlayer(rogerFederer)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 839} +{"story_id": 443, "premises": "Some teachers who work at pools are not nice.\nAll teachers working at pools are pool managers.\nAll pool managers are lifeguards.\nIf someone is a lifeguard, then they work at a pool.\nMary does not work at a pool.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Teacher(x) \u2227 WorkAt(x, pool) \u2227 \u00acNice(x))\n\u2200x (Teacher(x) \u2227 WorkAt(x, pool) \u2192 PoolManager(x))\n\u2200x (PoolManager(x) \u2192 Lifeguard(x))\n\u2200x (Lifeguard(x) \u2192 WorkAt(x, pool))\n\u00acWorkAt(mary, pool)", "conclusion": "Mary is nice.", "conclusion-FOL": "Nice(mary)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1274} +{"story_id": 443, "premises": "Some teachers who work at pools are not nice.\nAll teachers working at pools are pool managers.\nAll pool managers are lifeguards.\nIf someone is a lifeguard, then they work at a pool.\nMary does not work at a pool.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Teacher(x) \u2227 WorkAt(x, pool) \u2227 \u00acNice(x))\n\u2200x (Teacher(x) \u2227 WorkAt(x, pool) \u2192 PoolManager(x))\n\u2200x (PoolManager(x) \u2192 Lifeguard(x))\n\u2200x (Lifeguard(x) \u2192 WorkAt(x, pool))\n\u00acWorkAt(mary, pool)", "conclusion": "Mary is not a nice teacher working at a pool.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Nice(mary) \u2227 Teacher(mary) \u2227 WorkAt(mary, pool))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1275} +{"story_id": 443, "premises": "Some teachers who work at pools are not nice.\nAll teachers working at pools are pool managers.\nAll pool managers are lifeguards.\nIf someone is a lifeguard, then they work at a pool.\nMary does not work at a pool.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Teacher(x) \u2227 WorkAt(x, pool) \u2227 \u00acNice(x))\n\u2200x (Teacher(x) \u2227 WorkAt(x, pool) \u2192 PoolManager(x))\n\u2200x (PoolManager(x) \u2192 Lifeguard(x))\n\u2200x (Lifeguard(x) \u2192 WorkAt(x, pool))\n\u00acWorkAt(mary, pool)", "conclusion": "Mary is is a nice teacher working at a pool.", "conclusion-FOL": "Nice(mary) \u2227 Teacher(mary) \u2227 WorkAt(mary, pool)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1276} +{"story_id": 302, "premises": "Not all art pieces require talent.\nEverything that requires talent requires practice.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (ArtPiece(x) \u2227 \u00acRequire(x, talent))\n\u2200x (Require(x, talent) \u2192 Require(x, practice))", "conclusion": "There exist art pieces that do not require practice.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (ArtPiece(x) \u2227 \u00acRequire(x, practice) \u2227 ArtPiece(y) \u2227 \u00acRequire(y, practice) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 746} +{"story_id": 88, "premises": "Bernarda Bryson Shahn was a painter and lithographer.\nBernarda Bryson Shahn was born in Athens, Ohio. \nBernarda Bryson Shahn was married to Ben Shahn.\nPeople born in Athens, Ohio, are Americans.", "premises-FOL": "Painter(bernardaBrysonShahn) \u2227 Lithographer(bernardaBrysonShahn) \nBornIn(bernardaBrysonShahn, athensOhio)\nMarriedTo(bernardaBrysonShahn, benShahn)\n\u2200x (BornIn(x, athensOhio) \u2192 American(x))", "conclusion": "Bernarda Bryson Shahn was born in Greece.", "conclusion-FOL": "BornIn(bernardaBrysonShahn, greece)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 267} +{"story_id": 88, "premises": "Bernarda Bryson Shahn was a painter and lithographer.\nBernarda Bryson Shahn was born in Athens, Ohio. \nBernarda Bryson Shahn was married to Ben Shahn.\nPeople born in Athens, Ohio, are Americans.", "premises-FOL": "Painter(bernardaBrysonShahn) \u2227 Lithographer(bernardaBrysonShahn) \nBornIn(bernardaBrysonShahn, athensOhio)\nMarriedTo(bernardaBrysonShahn, benShahn)\n\u2200x (BornIn(x, athensOhio) \u2192 American(x))", "conclusion": "Bernarda Bryson Shahn was American.", "conclusion-FOL": "American(bernardaBrysonShahn)", "label": "True", "example_id": 268} +{"story_id": 88, "premises": "Bernarda Bryson Shahn was a painter and lithographer.\nBernarda Bryson Shahn was born in Athens, Ohio. \nBernarda Bryson Shahn was married to Ben Shahn.\nPeople born in Athens, Ohio, are Americans.", "premises-FOL": "Painter(bernardaBrysonShahn) \u2227 Lithographer(bernardaBrysonShahn) \nBornIn(bernardaBrysonShahn, athensOhio)\nMarriedTo(bernardaBrysonShahn, benShahn)\n\u2200x (BornIn(x, athensOhio) \u2192 American(x))", "conclusion": "Bernarda Bryson Shahn had been divorced once.", "conclusion-FOL": "Divorced(bernardaBrysonShahn)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 269} +{"story_id": 369, "premises": "Everybody in Emma's family who upgrade to the newest iPhone model every year, are not saving money for a down payment on a new house.\nEverybody in Emma's family who enjoy reading about tech specs and keeping up to date on the latest technology upgrade to the newest iPhone model every year.\nEverybody in Emma's family is saving money for a down payment on a new house, or lives in an apartment in a big metropolitan cities.\nEverybody in Emma's family live with at least one roommate, does not own any pets.\nEverybody in Emma's family who owns at least one pet lives with at least one roommate.\nEmily is in Emma's family.\nIf Emily does not both own at least one pet and lives in apartments in big metropolitan cities, then Emily either owns at least one pet and lives in an apartment in big metropolitan cities, or she neither owns a pet nor lives in an apartment in big metropolitan cities. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InEmmasFamily(x) \u2227 UpgradeToEveryYear(x, newestIphoneModel) \u2192 \u00acSavingMoneyForOn(x, downPayment, newHouse))\n\u2200x (InEmmasFamily(x) \u2227 EnjoyReading(x, techSpec) \u2227 KeepUpdatedOn(x, latestTechnology) \u2192 UpgradeToEveryYear(x, newestIphoneModel))\n\u2200x (InEmmasFamily(x) \u2227 (SavingMoneyForOn(x, downPayment, newHouse) \u2228 LiveIn(x, apartment, bigMetropolitanCity)))\n\u2200x (InEmmasFamily(x) \u2227 (\u2203y (LiveWith(x, y) \u2227 Roommate(y))) \u2192 \u00ac(\u2203y (Own(x, y) \u2227 Pet(y))))\n\u2200x (InEmmasFamily(x) \u2227 (\u2203y (Own(x, y) \u2227 Pet(y))) \u2192 (\u2203y (LiveWith(x, y) \u2227 Roommate(y))))\nInEmmasFamily(emily)\n((\u2203y (Own(emily, y) \u2227 Roommate(y))) \u2227 LiveIn(emily, apartment, bigMetropolitanCity)) \u2192 ((\u2203y (Own(emily, y) \u2227 Pet(y))) \u2227 LiveIn(emily, apartment, bigMetropolitanCity)) \u2295 \u00ac((\u2203y (Own(emily, y) \u2227 Roommate(y))) \u2228 LiveIn(emily, apartment, bigMetropolitanCity))", "conclusion": "Emily is in Emma's family and she lives with at least one roommate.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203y (LiveWith(emily, y) \u2227 Roommate(y))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 982} +{"story_id": 369, "premises": "Everybody in Emma's family who upgrade to the newest iPhone model every year, are not saving money for a down payment on a new house.\nEverybody in Emma's family who enjoy reading about tech specs and keeping up to date on the latest technology upgrade to the newest iPhone model every year.\nEverybody in Emma's family is saving money for a down payment on a new house, or lives in an apartment in a big metropolitan cities.\nEverybody in Emma's family live with at least one roommate, does not own any pets.\nEverybody in Emma's family who owns at least one pet lives with at least one roommate.\nEmily is in Emma's family.\nIf Emily does not both own at least one pet and lives in apartments in big metropolitan cities, then Emily either owns at least one pet and lives in an apartment in big metropolitan cities, or she neither owns a pet nor lives in an apartment in big metropolitan cities. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InEmmasFamily(x) \u2227 UpgradeToEveryYear(x, newestIphoneModel) \u2192 \u00acSavingMoneyForOn(x, downPayment, newHouse))\n\u2200x (InEmmasFamily(x) \u2227 EnjoyReading(x, techSpec) \u2227 KeepUpdatedOn(x, latestTechnology) \u2192 UpgradeToEveryYear(x, newestIphoneModel))\n\u2200x (InEmmasFamily(x) \u2227 (SavingMoneyForOn(x, downPayment, newHouse) \u2228 LiveIn(x, apartment, bigMetropolitanCity)))\n\u2200x (InEmmasFamily(x) \u2227 (\u2203y (LiveWith(x, y) \u2227 Roommate(y))) \u2192 \u00ac(\u2203y (Own(x, y) \u2227 Pet(y))))\n\u2200x (InEmmasFamily(x) \u2227 (\u2203y (Own(x, y) \u2227 Pet(y))) \u2192 (\u2203y (LiveWith(x, y) \u2227 Roommate(y))))\nInEmmasFamily(emily)\n((\u2203y (Own(emily, y) \u2227 Roommate(y))) \u2227 LiveIn(emily, apartment, bigMetropolitanCity)) \u2192 ((\u2203y (Own(emily, y) \u2227 Pet(y))) \u2227 LiveIn(emily, apartment, bigMetropolitanCity)) \u2295 \u00ac((\u2203y (Own(emily, y) \u2227 Roommate(y))) \u2228 LiveIn(emily, apartment, bigMetropolitanCity))", "conclusion": "Emily enjoys reading about tech specs and keeping up to date on the latest technology.", "conclusion-FOL": "EnjoyReading(emily, techSpec) \u2227 KeepUpdatedOn(emily, latestTechnology)", "label": "False", "example_id": 983} +{"story_id": 451, "premises": "People on the payroll are being paid by the school.\nIf someone has a job at a school, then they are on the payroll.\nAll faculty members have a job at a school.\nIf someone teaches students, they are a faculty member or a teacher.\nEvery teacher has students.\nIf Nancy is a teacher, then they are on the payroll.\nIf Nancy is not a teacher, then they are not paid by the school.\nNancy teaches students.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (OnPayroll(x) \u2192 PaidBy(x, school))\n\u2200x (HaveJobAt(x, school) \u2192 OnPayroll(x))\n\u2200x (FacultyMember(x) \u2192 HaveJobAt(x, school))\n\u2200x (Teach(x, student) \u2192 FacultyMember(x) \u2228 Teacher(x))\n\u2200x (Teacher(x) \u2192 Have(x, student))\nTeacher(nancy) \u2192 OnPayroll(nancy)\n\u00acTeacher(nancy) \u2192 \u00acOnPayroll(nancy)\nTeach(nancy, student)", "conclusion": "Nancy is a faculty member.", "conclusion-FOL": "FacultyMember(nancy)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1298} +{"story_id": 451, "premises": "People on the payroll are being paid by the school.\nIf someone has a job at a school, then they are on the payroll.\nAll faculty members have a job at a school.\nIf someone teaches students, they are a faculty member or a teacher.\nEvery teacher has students.\nIf Nancy is a teacher, then they are on the payroll.\nIf Nancy is not a teacher, then they are not paid by the school.\nNancy teaches students.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (OnPayroll(x) \u2192 PaidBy(x, school))\n\u2200x (HaveJobAt(x, school) \u2192 OnPayroll(x))\n\u2200x (FacultyMember(x) \u2192 HaveJobAt(x, school))\n\u2200x (Teach(x, student) \u2192 FacultyMember(x) \u2228 Teacher(x))\n\u2200x (Teacher(x) \u2192 Have(x, student))\nTeacher(nancy) \u2192 OnPayroll(nancy)\n\u00acTeacher(nancy) \u2192 \u00acOnPayroll(nancy)\nTeach(nancy, student)", "conclusion": "Nancy is paid by the school and has students.", "conclusion-FOL": "PaidBy(nancy, school) \u2227 Have(nancy, student)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1299} +{"story_id": 451, "premises": "People on the payroll are being paid by the school.\nIf someone has a job at a school, then they are on the payroll.\nAll faculty members have a job at a school.\nIf someone teaches students, they are a faculty member or a teacher.\nEvery teacher has students.\nIf Nancy is a teacher, then they are on the payroll.\nIf Nancy is not a teacher, then they are not paid by the school.\nNancy teaches students.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (OnPayroll(x) \u2192 PaidBy(x, school))\n\u2200x (HaveJobAt(x, school) \u2192 OnPayroll(x))\n\u2200x (FacultyMember(x) \u2192 HaveJobAt(x, school))\n\u2200x (Teach(x, student) \u2192 FacultyMember(x) \u2228 Teacher(x))\n\u2200x (Teacher(x) \u2192 Have(x, student))\nTeacher(nancy) \u2192 OnPayroll(nancy)\n\u00acTeacher(nancy) \u2192 \u00acOnPayroll(nancy)\nTeach(nancy, student)", "conclusion": "Nancy is not paid by the school or does not have students.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acPaidBy(nancy, school) \u2228 \u00acHave(nancy, student))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1300} +{"story_id": 248, "premises": "Kangaroos are an animal.\nNo Kangaroos live in Germany.\nJane will fly to Germany if she saves enough money for the summer.\nIf Jane flies to Germany, she will go to the Berlin Zoo.\nIf someone goes to the Berlin Zoo, they will see some of the animals in Germany.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Kangaroo(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Kangaroo(x) \u2192 \u00acLiveIn(x, germany))\nSavesFor(jane, enoughMoney, theSummer) \u2192 FlyTo(jane, germany)\nFlyTo(jane, germany) \u2192 GoTo(jane, berlinzoo) \n\u2200x \u2203y (GoTo(x, berlinzoo) \u2227 LiveIn(x, germany) \u2227 Animal(y) \u2192 WillSee(y, x, berlinzoo))", "conclusion": "Jane will see a kangaroo if she saves enough money for the summer.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (SavesFor(jane, enoughMoney, theSummer) \u2227 Kangaroo(x) \u2192 WillSee(x, jane, berlinzoo))", "label": "False", "example_id": 691} +{"story_id": 214, "premises": "If a class has prerequisites, the student must take the prerequisites to take the class.\nIf a class has no prerequisites, then the student can take the class\nCPSC 201 and CPSC 223 are prerequisites for CPSC 323.\nIntro Microeconomics is the only prerequisite for Intermediate Microeconomics.\nIntro Geology has no prerequisites.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (Class(x) \u2227 Student(y) \u2227 Prereq(z,x) \u2227 \u00acTake(y, z) \u2192 \u00acCanTake(y, x))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Class(x) \u2227 Student(y) \u2227 \u00ac\u2203z Prereq(z,x)) \u2192 CanTake(y, x))\nPrereq(cpsc201, cpsc323) \u2227 Prereq(cpsc223, cpsc323)\n\u2200x (Prereq(x,intermediateMicro) \u2192 x=introMicroeconomics)\n\u00ac(\u2203x (Prereq(x, introGeology)))", "conclusion": "CPSC 201 has no prerequisites.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (\u00acPrereq(x, cpsc201))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 611} +{"story_id": 214, "premises": "If a class has prerequisites, the student must take the prerequisites to take the class.\nIf a class has no prerequisites, then the student can take the class\nCPSC 201 and CPSC 223 are prerequisites for CPSC 323.\nIntro Microeconomics is the only prerequisite for Intermediate Microeconomics.\nIntro Geology has no prerequisites.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (Class(x) \u2227 Student(y) \u2227 Prereq(z,x) \u2227 \u00acTake(y, z) \u2192 \u00acCanTake(y, x))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Class(x) \u2227 Student(y) \u2227 \u00ac\u2203z Prereq(z,x)) \u2192 CanTake(y, x))\nPrereq(cpsc201, cpsc323) \u2227 Prereq(cpsc223, cpsc323)\n\u2200x (Prereq(x,intermediateMicro) \u2192 x=introMicroeconomics)\n\u00ac(\u2203x (Prereq(x, introGeology)))", "conclusion": "If a student took CPSC 201 but did not take CPSC 223, they can take CPSC 323.", "conclusion-FOL": "Taken(cpsc201) \u2227 \u00acTaken(cpsc223) \u2227 CanTake(cpsc323)", "label": "False", "example_id": 612} +{"story_id": 214, "premises": "If a class has prerequisites, the student must take the prerequisites to take the class.\nIf a class has no prerequisites, then the student can take the class\nCPSC 201 and CPSC 223 are prerequisites for CPSC 323.\nIntro Microeconomics is the only prerequisite for Intermediate Microeconomics.\nIntro Geology has no prerequisites.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (Class(x) \u2227 Student(y) \u2227 Prereq(z,x) \u2227 \u00acTake(y, z) \u2192 \u00acCanTake(y, x))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Class(x) \u2227 Student(y) \u2227 \u00ac\u2203z Prereq(z,x)) \u2192 CanTake(y, x))\nPrereq(cpsc201, cpsc323) \u2227 Prereq(cpsc223, cpsc323)\n\u2200x (Prereq(x,intermediateMicro) \u2192 x=introMicroeconomics)\n\u00ac(\u2203x (Prereq(x, introGeology)))", "conclusion": "A student cannot take Intro Geology.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acCanTake(introgeology)", "label": "False", "example_id": 613} +{"story_id": 214, "premises": "If a class has prerequisites, the student must take the prerequisites to take the class.\nIf a class has no prerequisites, then the student can take the class\nCPSC 201 and CPSC 223 are prerequisites for CPSC 323.\nIntro Microeconomics is the only prerequisite for Intermediate Microeconomics.\nIntro Geology has no prerequisites.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (Class(x) \u2227 Student(y) \u2227 Prereq(z,x) \u2227 \u00acTake(y, z) \u2192 \u00acCanTake(y, x))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Class(x) \u2227 Student(y) \u2227 \u00ac\u2203z Prereq(z,x)) \u2192 CanTake(y, x))\nPrereq(cpsc201, cpsc323) \u2227 Prereq(cpsc223, cpsc323)\n\u2200x (Prereq(x,intermediateMicro) \u2192 x=introMicroeconomics)\n\u00ac(\u2203x (Prereq(x, introGeology)))", "conclusion": "Intermediate Microeconomics has one prerequisite.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Taken(x) \u2192 CanTake(intermediatemicro))", "label": "True", "example_id": 614} +{"story_id": 37, "premises": "Heptalogyy is a compound literary or narrative work that is made up of seven distinct works.\nThe Harry Potter series consists of 7 distinct works.\nThe Chronicles of Narnia consists of 7 distinct works.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SevenDistinctWorks(x) \u2192 Heptalogy(x))\nSevenDistinctWorks(harryPotter)\nSevenDistinctWorks(chroniclesOfNarnia)", "conclusion": "The Harry Potter series of books is Heptalogy.", "conclusion-FOL": "Heptalogy(harryPotter)", "label": "True", "example_id": 107} +{"story_id": 37, "premises": "Heptalogyy is a compound literary or narrative work that is made up of seven distinct works.\nThe Harry Potter series consists of 7 distinct works.\nThe Chronicles of Narnia consists of 7 distinct works.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SevenDistinctWorks(x) \u2192 Heptalogy(x))\nSevenDistinctWorks(harryPotter)\nSevenDistinctWorks(chroniclesOfNarnia)", "conclusion": "The Chronicles of Narnia series of books is not Heptalogy.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acHeptalogy(chroniclesOfNarnia)", "label": "False", "example_id": 108} +{"story_id": 37, "premises": "Heptalogyy is a compound literary or narrative work that is made up of seven distinct works.\nThe Harry Potter series consists of 7 distinct works.\nThe Chronicles of Narnia consists of 7 distinct works.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SevenDistinctWorks(x) \u2192 Heptalogy(x))\nSevenDistinctWorks(harryPotter)\nSevenDistinctWorks(chroniclesOfNarnia)", "conclusion": "The Lord of the Rings is Heptalogy.", "conclusion-FOL": "Heptalogy(lordOfRings)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 109} +{"story_id": 381, "premises": "All people who attend Renaissance fairs regularly enjoy dressing up in old-fashioned and historical period clothing.\nIf people are fascinated by the history of the Renaissance and other past eras, then they attend Renaissance fairs regularly.\nPeople are fascinated by the history of the Renaissance and other past eras, or they are contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nPeople who are focused on futuristic and vocational subjects are contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nIf people are professors who take a historical approach, then they are not contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nIf Clyde is not focused on futuristic and voctional subjects, then he is neither focused on futuristic and vocational subjects nor enjoys dressing up in old-fashioned and historical period clothing.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (AttendRegularly(x, renaissanceFair) \u2192 Enjoy(x, dressingUp, oldFashionedClothing) \u2227 Enjoy(x, dressingUp, historicalPeriodClothing))\n\u2200x (FascinatedBy(x, historyOfRenaissance) \u2192 AttendRegularly(x, renaissanceFair))\n\u2200x (FascinatedBy(x, historyOfRenaissance) \u2295 (ContemporaryAcademic(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, learning)))\n\u2200x (FocusedOn(x, futuristicSubject) \u2227 FocusedOn(x, vocationalSubject) \u2192 ContemporaryAcademic(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, learning))\n\u2200x (Professor(x) \u2227 Take(x, historicalApproach) \u2192 \u00ac(ContemporaryAcademic(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, learning)))\n\u00ac(FocusedOn(clyde, futuristicSubject) \u2227 FocusedOn(clyde, vocationalSubject))\u2192 \u00ac(FocusedOn(clyde, futuristicSubject) \u2227 FocusedOn(clyde, vocationalSubject) \u2228 (Enjoy(clyde, dressingUp, oldFashionedClothing) \u2227 Enjoy(clyde, dressingUp, historicalPeriodClothing)))", "conclusion": "Clyde attends Renaissance fairs regularly.", "conclusion-FOL": "AttendRegularly(clyde, renaissanceFair)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1017} +{"story_id": 381, "premises": "All people who attend Renaissance fairs regularly enjoy dressing up in old-fashioned and historical period clothing.\nIf people are fascinated by the history of the Renaissance and other past eras, then they attend Renaissance fairs regularly.\nPeople are fascinated by the history of the Renaissance and other past eras, or they are contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nPeople who are focused on futuristic and vocational subjects are contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nIf people are professors who take a historical approach, then they are not contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nIf Clyde is not focused on futuristic and voctional subjects, then he is neither focused on futuristic and vocational subjects nor enjoys dressing up in old-fashioned and historical period clothing.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (AttendRegularly(x, renaissanceFair) \u2192 Enjoy(x, dressingUp, oldFashionedClothing) \u2227 Enjoy(x, dressingUp, historicalPeriodClothing))\n\u2200x (FascinatedBy(x, historyOfRenaissance) \u2192 AttendRegularly(x, renaissanceFair))\n\u2200x (FascinatedBy(x, historyOfRenaissance) \u2295 (ContemporaryAcademic(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, learning)))\n\u2200x (FocusedOn(x, futuristicSubject) \u2227 FocusedOn(x, vocationalSubject) \u2192 ContemporaryAcademic(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, learning))\n\u2200x (Professor(x) \u2227 Take(x, historicalApproach) \u2192 \u00ac(ContemporaryAcademic(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, learning)))\n\u00ac(FocusedOn(clyde, futuristicSubject) \u2227 FocusedOn(clyde, vocationalSubject))\u2192 \u00ac(FocusedOn(clyde, futuristicSubject) \u2227 FocusedOn(clyde, vocationalSubject) \u2228 (Enjoy(clyde, dressingUp, oldFashionedClothing) \u2227 Enjoy(clyde, dressingUp, historicalPeriodClothing)))", "conclusion": "Clyde is a professor who takes a historical approach.", "conclusion-FOL": "Professor(clyde) \u2227 Take(clyde, historicalApproach)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1018} +{"story_id": 381, "premises": "All people who attend Renaissance fairs regularly enjoy dressing up in old-fashioned and historical period clothing.\nIf people are fascinated by the history of the Renaissance and other past eras, then they attend Renaissance fairs regularly.\nPeople are fascinated by the history of the Renaissance and other past eras, or they are contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nPeople who are focused on futuristic and vocational subjects are contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nIf people are professors who take a historical approach, then they are not contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nIf Clyde is not focused on futuristic and voctional subjects, then he is neither focused on futuristic and vocational subjects nor enjoys dressing up in old-fashioned and historical period clothing.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (AttendRegularly(x, renaissanceFair) \u2192 Enjoy(x, dressingUp, oldFashionedClothing) \u2227 Enjoy(x, dressingUp, historicalPeriodClothing))\n\u2200x (FascinatedBy(x, historyOfRenaissance) \u2192 AttendRegularly(x, renaissanceFair))\n\u2200x (FascinatedBy(x, historyOfRenaissance) \u2295 (ContemporaryAcademic(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, learning)))\n\u2200x (FocusedOn(x, futuristicSubject) \u2227 FocusedOn(x, vocationalSubject) \u2192 ContemporaryAcademic(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, learning))\n\u2200x (Professor(x) \u2227 Take(x, historicalApproach) \u2192 \u00ac(ContemporaryAcademic(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, learning)))\n\u00ac(FocusedOn(clyde, futuristicSubject) \u2227 FocusedOn(clyde, vocationalSubject))\u2192 \u00ac(FocusedOn(clyde, futuristicSubject) \u2227 FocusedOn(clyde, vocationalSubject) \u2228 (Enjoy(clyde, dressingUp, oldFashionedClothing) \u2227 Enjoy(clyde, dressingUp, historicalPeriodClothing)))", "conclusion": "Clyde is a professor who takes a historical approach, or is a contemporary academic.", "conclusion-FOL": "(Professor(clyde) \u2227 Take(clyde, historicalApproach)) \u2228 (ContemporaryAcademic(clyde) \u2227 Enjoy(clyde, learning))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1019} +{"story_id": 270, "premises": "No sports cars are vehicles intended to be driven at moderate speeds.\nAll automobiles designed for family use are vehicles intended to be driven at moderate speeds.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SportsCar(x) \u2192 \u00acIntendedToBeDrivenAt(x, moderateSpeed))\n\u2200x (DesignedFor(x, familyUse) \u2192 IntendedToBeDrivenAt(x, moderateSpeed))", "conclusion": "No sports cars are automobiles designed for family use.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (SportsCar(x) \u2192 \u00acFor(x, familyUse))", "label": "True", "example_id": 714} +{"story_id": 356, "premises": "If people work well in teams in the workplace, then they get along with all their colleagues at their work.\nIf people come to work every day with a positive attitude, then they work well in teams in the workplace.\nPeople either come to work every day with a positive attitude or are always tired every morning.\nIf people are always tired in the morning, then they are criticized by their boss.\nIf people are criticized by their boss, then they do not receive positive feedback from teams at work.\nKat either is a person who works well in teams in the workplac and is always tired every morning, or she is neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkWellInTeamsIn(x, workPlace) \u2192 \u2200y (Colleague(y) \u2227 GetAlongWithAtWork(x, y)))\n\u2200x (ComeToWorkWithEveryDay(x, positiveAttitude) \u2192 WorkWellInTeamsIn(x, workPlace))\n\u2200x (ComeToWorkWithEveryDay(x, positiveAttitude) \u2295 AlwaysTiredInMorning(x))\n\u2200x (AlwaysTiredInMorning(x) \u2192 CriticizedBy(x, boss))\n\u2200x (CriticizedBy(x, boss) \u2192 \u00acReceiveFromAtWork(x, positiveFeedback, team))\n\u00ac(WorkWellInTeamsIn(kat, workPlace) \u2295 Tired(kat))", "conclusion": "Kat is a person who comes to work every day with a positive attitude.", "conclusion-FOL": "ComeToWorkWithEveryDay(kat, positiveAttitude)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 944} +{"story_id": 356, "premises": "If people work well in teams in the workplace, then they get along with all their colleagues at their work.\nIf people come to work every day with a positive attitude, then they work well in teams in the workplace.\nPeople either come to work every day with a positive attitude or are always tired every morning.\nIf people are always tired in the morning, then they are criticized by their boss.\nIf people are criticized by their boss, then they do not receive positive feedback from teams at work.\nKat either is a person who works well in teams in the workplac and is always tired every morning, or she is neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkWellInTeamsIn(x, workPlace) \u2192 \u2200y (Colleague(y) \u2227 GetAlongWithAtWork(x, y)))\n\u2200x (ComeToWorkWithEveryDay(x, positiveAttitude) \u2192 WorkWellInTeamsIn(x, workPlace))\n\u2200x (ComeToWorkWithEveryDay(x, positiveAttitude) \u2295 AlwaysTiredInMorning(x))\n\u2200x (AlwaysTiredInMorning(x) \u2192 CriticizedBy(x, boss))\n\u2200x (CriticizedBy(x, boss) \u2192 \u00acReceiveFromAtWork(x, positiveFeedback, team))\n\u00ac(WorkWellInTeamsIn(kat, workPlace) \u2295 Tired(kat))", "conclusion": "Kat gets along with her colleagues at her work and receives positive feedback from teams at her work.", "conclusion-FOL": "(\u2200y (Colleague(y) \u2227 GetAlongWithAtWork(kat, y))) \u2227 ReceiveFromAtWork(kat, positiveFeedback, team)", "label": "False", "example_id": 945} +{"story_id": 356, "premises": "If people work well in teams in the workplace, then they get along with all their colleagues at their work.\nIf people come to work every day with a positive attitude, then they work well in teams in the workplace.\nPeople either come to work every day with a positive attitude or are always tired every morning.\nIf people are always tired in the morning, then they are criticized by their boss.\nIf people are criticized by their boss, then they do not receive positive feedback from teams at work.\nKat either is a person who works well in teams in the workplac and is always tired every morning, or she is neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkWellInTeamsIn(x, workPlace) \u2192 \u2200y (Colleague(y) \u2227 GetAlongWithAtWork(x, y)))\n\u2200x (ComeToWorkWithEveryDay(x, positiveAttitude) \u2192 WorkWellInTeamsIn(x, workPlace))\n\u2200x (ComeToWorkWithEveryDay(x, positiveAttitude) \u2295 AlwaysTiredInMorning(x))\n\u2200x (AlwaysTiredInMorning(x) \u2192 CriticizedBy(x, boss))\n\u2200x (CriticizedBy(x, boss) \u2192 \u00acReceiveFromAtWork(x, positiveFeedback, team))\n\u00ac(WorkWellInTeamsIn(kat, workPlace) \u2295 Tired(kat))", "conclusion": "Kat either gets along with her colleagues at her work or receives positive feedback from teams at her work.", "conclusion-FOL": "(\u2200y (Colleague(y) \u2227 GetAlongWithAtWork(kat, y))) \u2295 ReceiveFromAtWork(kat, positiveFeedback, team)", "label": "True", "example_id": 946} +{"story_id": 276, "premises": "Drishti is an open-source software.\nOpen-source software is free to modify.", "premises-FOL": "OpenSourceSoftware(drishti)\n\u2200x (OpenSourceSoftware(x) \u2192 FreeToModify(x))", "conclusion": "Drishti is free to modify.", "conclusion-FOL": "FreeToModify(drishti)", "label": "True", "example_id": 720} +{"story_id": 161, "premises": "There are five grades in English class: A+, A, B+, B, and C. \nIf a student gets an A+ in English class, then his score is greater than 95.\nIf a student gets an A in English class, then his score is greater than 90 but lower than 95.\nZhang got an A in English class.\nWang's English class score is better than Zhang's.\nWu's English class score is lower than 90.\nIf a student's English class score is lower than 90, then it is not greater than 95 or 90, and lower than 95.", "premises-FOL": "GradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2228 GradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2228 GradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2228 GradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2228 GradeIn(c, englishClass) \u2227 (GradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(c, englishClass)) \u2227 (GradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(c, englishClass)) \u2227 (GradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(c, englishClass)) \u2227 (GradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(c, englishClass)) \u2227 (GradeIn(c, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(b, englishClass)) \n\u2200x \u2200y (Student(x) \u2227 GetGradeIn(x, aPlus, englishClass) \u2192 EnglishClassScore(x, y) \u2227 GreaterThan95(y))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Student(x) \u2227 GetGradeIn(x, a, englishClass) \u2192 EnglishClassScore(x, y) \u2227 GreaterThan90(y) \u2227 LowerThan95(y)) \nStudent(zhang) \u2227 GetGradeIn(zhang, a, englishClass)\n\u2200x \u2200y (Student(zhang) \u2227 Student(wang) \u2227 EnglishScore(zhang, x) \u2227 EnglishScore(wang, y) \u2227 Better(y, x))\n\u2200x (Student(wu) \u2227 EnglishScore(wu, x) \u2227 LowerThan90(x))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Student(x) \u2227 EnglishScore(x, y) \u2227 LowerThan90(y) \u2192 \u00acGreaterThan95(y) \u2227 \u00acGreaterThan90(y) \u2227 LowerThan95(y))", "conclusion": "Zhang's English class score is lower than 95.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (EnglishScore(zhang, x) \u2227 LowerThan95(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 461} +{"story_id": 161, "premises": "There are five grades in English class: A+, A, B+, B, and C. \nIf a student gets an A+ in English class, then his score is greater than 95.\nIf a student gets an A in English class, then his score is greater than 90 but lower than 95.\nZhang got an A in English class.\nWang's English class score is better than Zhang's.\nWu's English class score is lower than 90.\nIf a student's English class score is lower than 90, then it is not greater than 95 or 90, and lower than 95.", "premises-FOL": "GradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2228 GradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2228 GradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2228 GradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2228 GradeIn(c, englishClass) \u2227 (GradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(c, englishClass)) \u2227 (GradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(c, englishClass)) \u2227 (GradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(c, englishClass)) \u2227 (GradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(c, englishClass)) \u2227 (GradeIn(c, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(b, englishClass)) \n\u2200x \u2200y (Student(x) \u2227 GetGradeIn(x, aPlus, englishClass) \u2192 EnglishClassScore(x, y) \u2227 GreaterThan95(y))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Student(x) \u2227 GetGradeIn(x, a, englishClass) \u2192 EnglishClassScore(x, y) \u2227 GreaterThan90(y) \u2227 LowerThan95(y)) \nStudent(zhang) \u2227 GetGradeIn(zhang, a, englishClass)\n\u2200x \u2200y (Student(zhang) \u2227 Student(wang) \u2227 EnglishScore(zhang, x) \u2227 EnglishScore(wang, y) \u2227 Better(y, x))\n\u2200x (Student(wu) \u2227 EnglishScore(wu, x) \u2227 LowerThan90(x))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Student(x) \u2227 EnglishScore(x, y) \u2227 LowerThan90(y) \u2192 \u00acGreaterThan95(y) \u2227 \u00acGreaterThan90(y) \u2227 LowerThan95(y))", "conclusion": "Wang got an A+ in English class.", "conclusion-FOL": "GetGradeIn(wang, aPlus, englishClass)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 462} +{"story_id": 161, "premises": "There are five grades in English class: A+, A, B+, B, and C. \nIf a student gets an A+ in English class, then his score is greater than 95.\nIf a student gets an A in English class, then his score is greater than 90 but lower than 95.\nZhang got an A in English class.\nWang's English class score is better than Zhang's.\nWu's English class score is lower than 90.\nIf a student's English class score is lower than 90, then it is not greater than 95 or 90, and lower than 95.", "premises-FOL": "GradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2228 GradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2228 GradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2228 GradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2228 GradeIn(c, englishClass) \u2227 (GradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(c, englishClass)) \u2227 (GradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(c, englishClass)) \u2227 (GradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(c, englishClass)) \u2227 (GradeIn(b, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(c, englishClass)) \u2227 (GradeIn(c, englishClass) \u2192 \u00acGradeIn(aPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(a, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(bPlus, englishClass) \u2227 \u00acGradeIn(b, englishClass)) \n\u2200x \u2200y (Student(x) \u2227 GetGradeIn(x, aPlus, englishClass) \u2192 EnglishClassScore(x, y) \u2227 GreaterThan95(y))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Student(x) \u2227 GetGradeIn(x, a, englishClass) \u2192 EnglishClassScore(x, y) \u2227 GreaterThan90(y) \u2227 LowerThan95(y)) \nStudent(zhang) \u2227 GetGradeIn(zhang, a, englishClass)\n\u2200x \u2200y (Student(zhang) \u2227 Student(wang) \u2227 EnglishScore(zhang, x) \u2227 EnglishScore(wang, y) \u2227 Better(y, x))\n\u2200x (Student(wu) \u2227 EnglishScore(wu, x) \u2227 LowerThan90(x))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Student(x) \u2227 EnglishScore(x, y) \u2227 LowerThan90(y) \u2192 \u00acGreaterThan95(y) \u2227 \u00acGreaterThan90(y) \u2227 LowerThan95(y))", "conclusion": "Wu does not get an A or A+ in English class.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acGetGradeIn(wu, aPlus, englishClass) \u2227\u00acGetGradeIn(wu, a, englishClass)", "label": "True", "example_id": 463} +{"story_id": 216, "premises": "Olivia doesn't prefer warm temperatures during the day.\nWhen Olivia sleeps, she prefers a cool temperature.\nOlivia sleeps during the night.\nOlivia works during the day.\nOlivia either works or sleeps.\nIt is either the day or the night.\nOlivia either prefers warm temperatures or prefers cool temperatures.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Day(x) \u2192 \u00acPrefer(olivia, warmTemperature, x))\n\u2200x (Sleep(olivia, x) \u2192 Prefer(olivia, coolTemperature, x))\n\u2200x (Night(x) \u2192 Sleep(olivia, x))\n\u2200x (Day(x) \u2192 Work(olivia, x))\nWork(olivia) \u2295 Sleep(olivia)\n\u2200x (Day(x) \u2295 Night(x))\n\u2200x (Prefer(olivia, warmTemperature, x) \u2295 Prefer(olivia, coolTemperature, x))", "conclusion": "At all times, Olivia prefers a cool temperature.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Prefer(olivia, coolTemperature, x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 617} +{"story_id": 207, "premises": "TOra is a GUI.\nGUIs are software.\nSoftware can be free or paid.\nPaid Software is not under the GNU General Public License.\nTOra is under the GNU General Public License.", "premises-FOL": "GUI(tora)\n\u2200x (GUI(x) \u2192 Software(x))\n\u2200x (Software(x) \u2192 Free(x) \u2295 Paid(x))\n\u2200x (Paid(x) \u2227 Software(x) \u2192 \u00acUnderGNULicense(x))\nUnderGNULicense(tora)", "conclusion": "TOra is a paid software.", "conclusion-FOL": "Paid(tora) \u2227 Software(tora)", "label": "False", "example_id": 592} +{"story_id": 207, "premises": "TOra is a GUI.\nGUIs are software.\nSoftware can be free or paid.\nPaid Software is not under the GNU General Public License.\nTOra is under the GNU General Public License.", "premises-FOL": "GUI(tora)\n\u2200x (GUI(x) \u2192 Software(x))\n\u2200x (Software(x) \u2192 Free(x) \u2295 Paid(x))\n\u2200x (Paid(x) \u2227 Software(x) \u2192 \u00acUnderGNULicense(x))\nUnderGNULicense(tora)", "conclusion": "TOra is a free software.", "conclusion-FOL": "Free(tora) \u2227 Software(tora)", "label": "True", "example_id": 593} +{"story_id": 424, "premises": "Customers choose a Prime Video plan or an HBO Max Plan, or both. \nAll customers who choose a Prime Video Plan are rewarded with a $30 gift card. \nThere are no customers who do not choose any plan. \nNone of the customers who are rewarded with a $30 gift card are older than 80.\nAll the customers are either older than 80 or between the ages of 60 and 80.\nJames is a customer who is not between the ages of 60 and 80. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Customer(x) \u2192 (Choose(x, primeVideoPlan) \u2228 Choose(x, hBOMaxPlan)))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 Choose(x, hBOMaxPlan)) \u2192 RewardWith(x, giftCard))\n\u2200x (Customer(x) \u2192 (\u2203y(Plan(y) \u2227 Choose(x, y))))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 RewardWith(x, giftCard)) \u2192 (\u00acOlderThan(x, num80)))\n\u2200x (Customer(x) \u2192 (\u2203y(GreaterThan(y, num80) \u2227 Age(james,y)) \u2295 (\u2203y(Between(y, num60, num80) \u2227 Age(james, y)))))\nCustomer(james) \u2227 (\u00ac\u2203y(Between(y, num60, num80) \u2227 Age(james, y)))", "conclusion": "James is a customer who does not choose any plans.", "conclusion-FOL": "Choose(james, noPlan)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1199} +{"story_id": 424, "premises": "Customers choose a Prime Video plan or an HBO Max Plan, or both. \nAll customers who choose a Prime Video Plan are rewarded with a $30 gift card. \nThere are no customers who do not choose any plan. \nNone of the customers who are rewarded with a $30 gift card are older than 80.\nAll the customers are either older than 80 or between the ages of 60 and 80.\nJames is a customer who is not between the ages of 60 and 80. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Customer(x) \u2192 (Choose(x, primeVideoPlan) \u2228 Choose(x, hBOMaxPlan)))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 Choose(x, hBOMaxPlan)) \u2192 RewardWith(x, giftCard))\n\u2200x (Customer(x) \u2192 (\u2203y(Plan(y) \u2227 Choose(x, y))))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 RewardWith(x, giftCard)) \u2192 (\u00acOlderThan(x, num80)))\n\u2200x (Customer(x) \u2192 (\u2203y(GreaterThan(y, num80) \u2227 Age(james,y)) \u2295 (\u2203y(Between(y, num60, num80) \u2227 Age(james, y)))))\nCustomer(james) \u2227 (\u00ac\u2203y(Between(y, num60, num80) \u2227 Age(james, y)))", "conclusion": "James is a customer who chooses a Prime Video plan or does not choose any plans.", "conclusion-FOL": "Choose(james, planA) \u2228 Choose(james, noPlan)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1200} +{"story_id": 424, "premises": "Customers choose a Prime Video plan or an HBO Max Plan, or both. \nAll customers who choose a Prime Video Plan are rewarded with a $30 gift card. \nThere are no customers who do not choose any plan. \nNone of the customers who are rewarded with a $30 gift card are older than 80.\nAll the customers are either older than 80 or between the ages of 60 and 80.\nJames is a customer who is not between the ages of 60 and 80. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Customer(x) \u2192 (Choose(x, primeVideoPlan) \u2228 Choose(x, hBOMaxPlan)))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 Choose(x, hBOMaxPlan)) \u2192 RewardWith(x, giftCard))\n\u2200x (Customer(x) \u2192 (\u2203y(Plan(y) \u2227 Choose(x, y))))\n\u2200x ((Customer(x) \u2227 RewardWith(x, giftCard)) \u2192 (\u00acOlderThan(x, num80)))\n\u2200x (Customer(x) \u2192 (\u2203y(GreaterThan(y, num80) \u2227 Age(james,y)) \u2295 (\u2203y(Between(y, num60, num80) \u2227 Age(james, y)))))\nCustomer(james) \u2227 (\u00ac\u2203y(Between(y, num60, num80) \u2227 Age(james, y)))", "conclusion": "Suppose James is a customer who chooses the Prime Video plan or does not choose any plans, then he is either rewarded a $30 gift card or chooses the HBO Max plan.", "conclusion-FOL": "Choose(james, planA) \u2228 Choose(james, noPlan) \u2192 RewardWith(james, giftCard) \u2295 Choose(james, planB)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1201} +{"story_id": 173, "premises": "Detroit City is a horse.\nSome horses are racehorses.\nIf a horse falls in a race, it poses risks to its rider.\nDetroit City fell in a race.\nA horse is a racehorse if it is in a race.", "premises-FOL": "Horse(detroitcity)\n\u2203x (Horse(x) \u2227 Racehorse(x))\n\u2200x (Horse(x) \u2227 InRace(x) \u2227 Falls(x) \u2192 PoseRiskTo(x, rider))\nInRace(detroitcity) \u2227 Fall(detroitcity)\n\u2200x (Horse(x) \u2227 InRace(x) \u2192 Racehorse(x))", "conclusion": "Detroit City has been in multiple races.", "conclusion-FOL": "MultipleRace(detroitcity)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 497} +{"story_id": 173, "premises": "Detroit City is a horse.\nSome horses are racehorses.\nIf a horse falls in a race, it poses risks to its rider.\nDetroit City fell in a race.\nA horse is a racehorse if it is in a race.", "premises-FOL": "Horse(detroitcity)\n\u2203x (Horse(x) \u2227 Racehorse(x))\n\u2200x (Horse(x) \u2227 InRace(x) \u2227 Falls(x) \u2192 PoseRiskTo(x, rider))\nInRace(detroitcity) \u2227 Fall(detroitcity)\n\u2200x (Horse(x) \u2227 InRace(x) \u2192 Racehorse(x))", "conclusion": "Detroit City poses risks to its rider.", "conclusion-FOL": "PoseRiskTo(detroitcity, rider)", "label": "True", "example_id": 498} +{"story_id": 173, "premises": "Detroit City is a horse.\nSome horses are racehorses.\nIf a horse falls in a race, it poses risks to its rider.\nDetroit City fell in a race.\nA horse is a racehorse if it is in a race.", "premises-FOL": "Horse(detroitcity)\n\u2203x (Horse(x) \u2227 Racehorse(x))\n\u2200x (Horse(x) \u2227 InRace(x) \u2227 Falls(x) \u2192 PoseRiskTo(x, rider))\nInRace(detroitcity) \u2227 Fall(detroitcity)\n\u2200x (Horse(x) \u2227 InRace(x) \u2192 Racehorse(x))", "conclusion": "Detroit City is a racehorse.", "conclusion-FOL": "Racehorse(detroitcity)", "label": "True", "example_id": 499} +{"story_id": 112, "premises": "Frederick Monhoff was an architect, artist, and illustrator.\nFrederick Monhoff was an American.\nAn artist is good at physical or conceptual art.\nAll Americans are American citizens.", "premises-FOL": "Architect(monhoff) \u2227 Artist(monhoff) \u2227 Illustrator(monhoff)\nAmerican(monhoff)\n\u2200x (Artist(x) \u2192 GoodAt(x, physicalArt) \u2228 GoodAt(x, conceptualArt))\n\u2200x (American(x) \u2192 AmericanCitizen(x))", "conclusion": "Frederick Monhoff was good at physical art.", "conclusion-FOL": "GoodAt(monhoff, physicalArt)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 339} +{"story_id": 112, "premises": "Frederick Monhoff was an architect, artist, and illustrator.\nFrederick Monhoff was an American.\nAn artist is good at physical or conceptual art.\nAll Americans are American citizens.", "premises-FOL": "Architect(monhoff) \u2227 Artist(monhoff) \u2227 Illustrator(monhoff)\nAmerican(monhoff)\n\u2200x (Artist(x) \u2192 GoodAt(x, physicalArt) \u2228 GoodAt(x, conceptualArt))\n\u2200x (American(x) \u2192 AmericanCitizen(x))", "conclusion": "No illustrator was an American citizen.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(\u2203x (Illustrator(x) \u2227 AmericanCitizen(x)))", "label": "False", "example_id": 340} +{"story_id": 18, "premises": "Miroslav Fiedler was a Czech mathematician.\nMiroslav Fiedler is known for his contributions to linear algebra and graph theory.\nMiroslav Fiedler is honored by the Fiedler eigenvalue.\nFiedler eigenvalue is the second smallest eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian.", "premises-FOL": "Czech(miroslavFiedler) \u2227 Mathematician(miroslavFiedler)\nKnownFor(miroslavFiedler, contributionsToLinearAlgebraAndGraphTheory)\nHonoredBy(miroslavFiedler, fiedlerEigenvalue)\nTheSecondSmallestEigenvalueOf(fiedlerEigenvalue, theGraphLaplacian)", "conclusion": "Miroslav Fiedler is honored by the second smallest eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (TheSecondSmallestEigenvalueOf(x, theGraphLaplacian) \u2227 HonoredBy(miroslavFiedler, x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 51} +{"story_id": 18, "premises": "Miroslav Fiedler was a Czech mathematician.\nMiroslav Fiedler is known for his contributions to linear algebra and graph theory.\nMiroslav Fiedler is honored by the Fiedler eigenvalue.\nFiedler eigenvalue is the second smallest eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian.", "premises-FOL": "Czech(miroslavFiedler) \u2227 Mathematician(miroslavFiedler)\nKnownFor(miroslavFiedler, contributionsToLinearAlgebraAndGraphTheory)\nHonoredBy(miroslavFiedler, fiedlerEigenvalue)\nTheSecondSmallestEigenvalueOf(fiedlerEigenvalue, theGraphLaplacian)", "conclusion": "Miroslav Fiedler was a French mathematician.", "conclusion-FOL": "French(miroslavFiedler) \u2227 Mathematician(miroslavFiedler)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 52} +{"story_id": 18, "premises": "Miroslav Fiedler was a Czech mathematician.\nMiroslav Fiedler is known for his contributions to linear algebra and graph theory.\nMiroslav Fiedler is honored by the Fiedler eigenvalue.\nFiedler eigenvalue is the second smallest eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian.", "premises-FOL": "Czech(miroslavFiedler) \u2227 Mathematician(miroslavFiedler)\nKnownFor(miroslavFiedler, contributionsToLinearAlgebraAndGraphTheory)\nHonoredBy(miroslavFiedler, fiedlerEigenvalue)\nTheSecondSmallestEigenvalueOf(fiedlerEigenvalue, theGraphLaplacian)", "conclusion": "A Czech mathematician is known for his contributions to linear algebra and graph theory.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Czech(x) \u2227 Mathematician(x) \u2227 KnownFor(x, contributionsToLinearAlgebraAndGraphTheory))", "label": "True", "example_id": 53} +{"story_id": 153, "premises": "A laptop is a computer.\nYou can play games on a computer.\nA phone is not a computer.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Laptop(x) \u2192 Computer(x))\n\u2200x (Computer(x) \u2192 CanPlayGameOn(x))\n\u2200x (Phone(x) \u2192 \u00acComputer(x))", "conclusion": "You can play games on a laptop.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Laptop(x) \u2192 CanPlayGameOn(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 444} +{"story_id": 153, "premises": "A laptop is a computer.\nYou can play games on a computer.\nA phone is not a computer.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Laptop(x) \u2192 Computer(x))\n\u2200x (Computer(x) \u2192 CanPlayGameOn(x))\n\u2200x (Phone(x) \u2192 \u00acComputer(x))", "conclusion": "You can not play games on a phone.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Phone(x) \u2192 \u00acCanPlayGameOn(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 445} +{"story_id": 11, "premises": "Walter Folger Brown was an American politician and lawyer who served as the postmaster general.\nWalter Folger Brown graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts.\nWhile they were both in Toledo, Walter Folger Brown's father practiced law with Walter Folger Brown.\nKatherin Hafer married Walter Folger Brown.", "premises-FOL": "AmericanPolitician(walterBrown) \u2227 Lawyer(walterBrown) \u2227 ServedAs(walterBrown, postMasterGeneral)\nGraduated(walterBrown, harvard) \u2227 GraduatedWith(walterBrown, bachelorsOfArt)\n\u2203t(In(walterBrown, toledo, t) \u2227 In(walterBrownFather, toledo, t) \u2227 PracticedLawTogether(walterBrown, walterBrownFather, t))\nMarried(katherinHafer, walterBrown)", "conclusion": "Walter Folger Brown graduated with a Bachelor of Arts.", "conclusion-FOL": "GraduatedWith(walterBrown, bachelorsOfArt)", "label": "True", "example_id": 29} +{"story_id": 11, "premises": "Walter Folger Brown was an American politician and lawyer who served as the postmaster general.\nWalter Folger Brown graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts.\nWhile they were both in Toledo, Walter Folger Brown's father practiced law with Walter Folger Brown.\nKatherin Hafer married Walter Folger Brown.", "premises-FOL": "AmericanPolitician(walterBrown) \u2227 Lawyer(walterBrown) \u2227 ServedAs(walterBrown, postMasterGeneral)\nGraduated(walterBrown, harvard) \u2227 GraduatedWith(walterBrown, bachelorsOfArt)\n\u2203t(In(walterBrown, toledo, t) \u2227 In(walterBrownFather, toledo, t) \u2227 PracticedLawTogether(walterBrown, walterBrownFather, t))\nMarried(katherinHafer, walterBrown)", "conclusion": "Walter Folger Brown's father was in Toledo.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203t(In(walterBrownFather, toledo, t))", "label": "True", "example_id": 30} +{"story_id": 11, "premises": "Walter Folger Brown was an American politician and lawyer who served as the postmaster general.\nWalter Folger Brown graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts.\nWhile they were both in Toledo, Walter Folger Brown's father practiced law with Walter Folger Brown.\nKatherin Hafer married Walter Folger Brown.", "premises-FOL": "AmericanPolitician(walterBrown) \u2227 Lawyer(walterBrown) \u2227 ServedAs(walterBrown, postMasterGeneral)\nGraduated(walterBrown, harvard) \u2227 GraduatedWith(walterBrown, bachelorsOfArt)\n\u2203t(In(walterBrown, toledo, t) \u2227 In(walterBrownFather, toledo, t) \u2227 PracticedLawTogether(walterBrown, walterBrownFather, t))\nMarried(katherinHafer, walterBrown)", "conclusion": "Walter Folger Brown was not in Toledo.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203t(\u00acIn(walterBrownFather, toledo, t))", "label": "False", "example_id": 31} +{"story_id": 410, "premises": "All products designed by Apple are sold at Apple Stores.\nAll products with Apple logos are designed by Apple.\nAll Macbooks have Apple logos.\nAll products with Apple M2 chips are Mackbooks.\nA Thinkpad X1 is not both sold in Apple Stores and is a Macbook.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 DesignedBy(x, apple)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, appleStore))\n\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 With(x, appleLogo)) \u2192 DesignedBy(x, apple))\n\u2200x (Macbook(x) \u2192 With(x, appleLogo))\n\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 With(x, appleM2Chip)) \u2192 Macbook(x))\n\u00ac(SoldIn(thinkpadX1, appleStore) \u2227 Macbook(thinkpadX1))", "conclusion": "The Thinkpad X1 has an Apple M2 chip.", "conclusion-FOL": "With(thinkpadX1, appleM2Chip)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1147} +{"story_id": 410, "premises": "All products designed by Apple are sold at Apple Stores.\nAll products with Apple logos are designed by Apple.\nAll Macbooks have Apple logos.\nAll products with Apple M2 chips are Mackbooks.\nA Thinkpad X1 is not both sold in Apple Stores and is a Macbook.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 DesignedBy(x, apple)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, appleStore))\n\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 With(x, appleLogo)) \u2192 DesignedBy(x, apple))\n\u2200x (Macbook(x) \u2192 With(x, appleLogo))\n\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 With(x, appleM2Chip)) \u2192 Macbook(x))\n\u00ac(SoldIn(thinkpadX1, appleStore) \u2227 Macbook(thinkpadX1))", "conclusion": "The Thinkpad X1 is sold in Apple Stores.", "conclusion-FOL": "SoldIn(thinkpadX1, appleStore)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1148} +{"story_id": 410, "premises": "All products designed by Apple are sold at Apple Stores.\nAll products with Apple logos are designed by Apple.\nAll Macbooks have Apple logos.\nAll products with Apple M2 chips are Mackbooks.\nA Thinkpad X1 is not both sold in Apple Stores and is a Macbook.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 DesignedBy(x, apple)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, appleStore))\n\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 With(x, appleLogo)) \u2192 DesignedBy(x, apple))\n\u2200x (Macbook(x) \u2192 With(x, appleLogo))\n\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 With(x, appleM2Chip)) \u2192 Macbook(x))\n\u00ac(SoldIn(thinkpadX1, appleStore) \u2227 Macbook(thinkpadX1))", "conclusion": "The Thinkpad X1 has an Apple M2 chip and is a Macbook.", "conclusion-FOL": "With(thinkpadX1, appleM2Chip) \u2227 Macbook(thinkpadX1)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1149} +{"story_id": 410, "premises": "All products designed by Apple are sold at Apple Stores.\nAll products with Apple logos are designed by Apple.\nAll Macbooks have Apple logos.\nAll products with Apple M2 chips are Mackbooks.\nA Thinkpad X1 is not both sold in Apple Stores and is a Macbook.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 DesignedBy(x, apple)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, appleStore))\n\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 With(x, appleLogo)) \u2192 DesignedBy(x, apple))\n\u2200x (Macbook(x) \u2192 With(x, appleLogo))\n\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 With(x, appleM2Chip)) \u2192 Macbook(x))\n\u00ac(SoldIn(thinkpadX1, appleStore) \u2227 Macbook(thinkpadX1))", "conclusion": "The Thinkpad X1 either has an Apple M2 chip or is a Macbook.", "conclusion-FOL": "With(thinkpadX1, appleM2Chip)) \u2295 Macbook(thinkpadX1)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1150} +{"story_id": 410, "premises": "All products designed by Apple are sold at Apple Stores.\nAll products with Apple logos are designed by Apple.\nAll Macbooks have Apple logos.\nAll products with Apple M2 chips are Mackbooks.\nA Thinkpad X1 is not both sold in Apple Stores and is a Macbook.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 DesignedBy(x, apple)) \u2192 SoldIn(x, appleStore))\n\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 With(x, appleLogo)) \u2192 DesignedBy(x, apple))\n\u2200x (Macbook(x) \u2192 With(x, appleLogo))\n\u2200x ((Product(x) \u2227 With(x, appleM2Chip)) \u2192 Macbook(x))\n\u00ac(SoldIn(thinkpadX1, appleStore) \u2227 Macbook(thinkpadX1))", "conclusion": "If the Thinkpad X1 has an Apple M2 chip and is a Macbook, then it neither has an Apple M2 chip nor is sold in Apple Stores.", "conclusion-FOL": "(With(thinkpadX1, appleM2Chip) \u2227 Macbook(thinkpadX1)) \u2192 \u00ac(With(thinkpadX1, appleM2Chip) \u2228 SoldIn(thinkpadX1, appleStore))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1151} +{"story_id": 205, "premises": "Oxford Circus is a road junction connecting Oxford Street and Regent Street.\nOxford Street and Regent Street are in London.\nJohn Nash designed a construction on Regent Street.\nJohn Nash designed Oxford Circus.\nJohn Nash is a British architect.\nOxford Circus is the entrance to Oxford Circus tube station, a part of the Central line in 1900.", "premises-FOL": "RoadJunction(oxfordCircus) \u2227 Connect(oxfordCircus, oxfordSt, regentSt)\nIn(oxfordSt, london) \u2227 In(regentSt, london)\nDesigned(nash, construction) \u2227 On(construction, regentSt)\nDesigned(nash, oxfordCircus)\nArchitect(nash) \u2227 British(nash)\nEntraceTo(oxfordCircus, tubeStation) \u2227 PartOf(tubeStation, centralline) \u2227 In(tubeStation, 1900)", "conclusion": "Oxford Circus is in London.", "conclusion-FOL": "In(oxfordCircus, london)", "label": "True", "example_id": 585} +{"story_id": 205, "premises": "Oxford Circus is a road junction connecting Oxford Street and Regent Street.\nOxford Street and Regent Street are in London.\nJohn Nash designed a construction on Regent Street.\nJohn Nash designed Oxford Circus.\nJohn Nash is a British architect.\nOxford Circus is the entrance to Oxford Circus tube station, a part of the Central line in 1900.", "premises-FOL": "RoadJunction(oxfordCircus) \u2227 Connect(oxfordCircus, oxfordSt, regentSt)\nIn(oxfordSt, london) \u2227 In(regentSt, london)\nDesigned(nash, construction) \u2227 On(construction, regentSt)\nDesigned(nash, oxfordCircus)\nArchitect(nash) \u2227 British(nash)\nEntraceTo(oxfordCircus, tubeStation) \u2227 PartOf(tubeStation, centralline) \u2227 In(tubeStation, 1900)", "conclusion": "Oxford Circus is designed by a British architect.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (British(x) \u2227 Architect(x) \u2227 Design(x, oxfordCircus))", "label": "True", "example_id": 586} +{"story_id": 205, "premises": "Oxford Circus is a road junction connecting Oxford Street and Regent Street.\nOxford Street and Regent Street are in London.\nJohn Nash designed a construction on Regent Street.\nJohn Nash designed Oxford Circus.\nJohn Nash is a British architect.\nOxford Circus is the entrance to Oxford Circus tube station, a part of the Central line in 1900.", "premises-FOL": "RoadJunction(oxfordCircus) \u2227 Connect(oxfordCircus, oxfordSt, regentSt)\nIn(oxfordSt, london) \u2227 In(regentSt, london)\nDesigned(nash, construction) \u2227 On(construction, regentSt)\nDesigned(nash, oxfordCircus)\nArchitect(nash) \u2227 British(nash)\nEntraceTo(oxfordCircus, tubeStation) \u2227 PartOf(tubeStation, centralline) \u2227 In(tubeStation, 1900)", "conclusion": "John Nash designed the Central line in 1900.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (PartOf(x, centralLine) \u2192 Design(johnNash, x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 587} +{"story_id": 205, "premises": "Oxford Circus is a road junction connecting Oxford Street and Regent Street.\nOxford Street and Regent Street are in London.\nJohn Nash designed a construction on Regent Street.\nJohn Nash designed Oxford Circus.\nJohn Nash is a British architect.\nOxford Circus is the entrance to Oxford Circus tube station, a part of the Central line in 1900.", "premises-FOL": "RoadJunction(oxfordCircus) \u2227 Connect(oxfordCircus, oxfordSt, regentSt)\nIn(oxfordSt, london) \u2227 In(regentSt, london)\nDesigned(nash, construction) \u2227 On(construction, regentSt)\nDesigned(nash, oxfordCircus)\nArchitect(nash) \u2227 British(nash)\nEntraceTo(oxfordCircus, tubeStation) \u2227 PartOf(tubeStation, centralline) \u2227 In(tubeStation, 1900)", "conclusion": "Regent Street is not in London.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acIn(regentStreet, london)", "label": "False", "example_id": 588} +{"story_id": 473, "premises": "All pets in my house are either cats or dogs.\nAll the dogs in my house bark.\nGhosts do not exist.\nIf some pet in my house barks, then it is not dead.\nAll of the pets in my house are either dead or alive.\nJojo is a pet in my house, and it is not alive.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Pet(x) \u2227 In(x, myHouse) \u2192 Cat(x) \u2295 Dog(x))\n\u2200x (Dog(x) \u2227 In(x, myHouse) \u2192 Bark(x))\n\u2200x (\u00acGhost(x))\n\u2200x (Bark(x) \u2227 Pet(x) \u2227 In(x, myHouse) \u2192 \u00acDead(x))\n\u2200x (Pet(x) \u2227 In(x, myHouse) \u2192 Dead(x) \u2295 Alive(x))\nPet(jojo) \u2227 InMyHouse(jojo)\u2227 \u00acAlive(jojo)", "conclusion": "Jojo is a ghost.", "conclusion-FOL": "Ghost(jojo)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1369} +{"story_id": 473, "premises": "All pets in my house are either cats or dogs.\nAll the dogs in my house bark.\nGhosts do not exist.\nIf some pet in my house barks, then it is not dead.\nAll of the pets in my house are either dead or alive.\nJojo is a pet in my house, and it is not alive.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Pet(x) \u2227 In(x, myHouse) \u2192 Cat(x) \u2295 Dog(x))\n\u2200x (Dog(x) \u2227 In(x, myHouse) \u2192 Bark(x))\n\u2200x (\u00acGhost(x))\n\u2200x (Bark(x) \u2227 Pet(x) \u2227 In(x, myHouse) \u2192 \u00acDead(x))\n\u2200x (Pet(x) \u2227 In(x, myHouse) \u2192 Dead(x) \u2295 Alive(x))\nPet(jojo) \u2227 InMyHouse(jojo)\u2227 \u00acAlive(jojo)", "conclusion": "Jojo is a cat or a ghost.", "conclusion-FOL": "Cat(jojo) \u2228 Ghost(jojo)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1370} +{"story_id": 473, "premises": "All pets in my house are either cats or dogs.\nAll the dogs in my house bark.\nGhosts do not exist.\nIf some pet in my house barks, then it is not dead.\nAll of the pets in my house are either dead or alive.\nJojo is a pet in my house, and it is not alive.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Pet(x) \u2227 In(x, myHouse) \u2192 Cat(x) \u2295 Dog(x))\n\u2200x (Dog(x) \u2227 In(x, myHouse) \u2192 Bark(x))\n\u2200x (\u00acGhost(x))\n\u2200x (Bark(x) \u2227 Pet(x) \u2227 In(x, myHouse) \u2192 \u00acDead(x))\n\u2200x (Pet(x) \u2227 In(x, myHouse) \u2192 Dead(x) \u2295 Alive(x))\nPet(jojo) \u2227 InMyHouse(jojo)\u2227 \u00acAlive(jojo)", "conclusion": "If Jojo is a cat or a ghost, then Jojo either barks or is a dog.", "conclusion-FOL": "Cat(jojo) \u2228 Ghost(jojo) \u2192 Bark(jojo) \u2295 Dog(jojo)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1371} +{"story_id": 440, "premises": "All tigers are cats.\nNo cats are dogs.\nAll Bengal tigers are tigers.\nAll huskies are dogs.\nFido is either a Bengal tiger or a cat.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Tiger(x) \u2192 Cat(x))\n\u2200x (Cat(x) \u2192 \u00acDog(x))\n\u2200x (BengalTiger(x) \u2192 Tiger(x))\n\u2200x (Husky(x) \u2192 Dog(x))\nBengalTiger(fido) \u2295 Cat(fido)", "conclusion": "Fido is a husky animal.", "conclusion-FOL": "Husky(fido)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1264} +{"story_id": 440, "premises": "All tigers are cats.\nNo cats are dogs.\nAll Bengal tigers are tigers.\nAll huskies are dogs.\nFido is either a Bengal tiger or a cat.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Tiger(x) \u2192 Cat(x))\n\u2200x (Cat(x) \u2192 \u00acDog(x))\n\u2200x (BengalTiger(x) \u2192 Tiger(x))\n\u2200x (Husky(x) \u2192 Dog(x))\nBengalTiger(fido) \u2295 Cat(fido)", "conclusion": "Fido is not a husky.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acHusky(fido)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1265} +{"story_id": 440, "premises": "All tigers are cats.\nNo cats are dogs.\nAll Bengal tigers are tigers.\nAll huskies are dogs.\nFido is either a Bengal tiger or a cat.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Tiger(x) \u2192 Cat(x))\n\u2200x (Cat(x) \u2192 \u00acDog(x))\n\u2200x (BengalTiger(x) \u2192 Tiger(x))\n\u2200x (Husky(x) \u2192 Dog(x))\nBengalTiger(fido) \u2295 Cat(fido)", "conclusion": "Fido is a Bengal tiger.", "conclusion-FOL": "BengalTiger(fido)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1266} +{"story_id": 440, "premises": "All tigers are cats.\nNo cats are dogs.\nAll Bengal tigers are tigers.\nAll huskies are dogs.\nFido is either a Bengal tiger or a cat.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Tiger(x) \u2192 Cat(x))\n\u2200x (Cat(x) \u2192 \u00acDog(x))\n\u2200x (BengalTiger(x) \u2192 Tiger(x))\n\u2200x (Husky(x) \u2192 Dog(x))\nBengalTiger(fido) \u2295 Cat(fido)", "conclusion": "Fido is neither a dog nor a husky.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acDog(fido) \u2227 \u00acHusky(fido)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1267} +{"story_id": 66, "premises": "If a city holds a Summer Olympics, and the city is a US city, then the Summer Olympics will be in the US.\nIf a city is in a state in the US, the city is a US city.\nIf a city is in a state, and a Summer Olympics is in this city, then the Summer Olympics is in this state.\nThe 2028 Summer Olympics is scheduled to take place in Los Angeles.\nLos Angeles is a city in California.\nAtlanta is a US city.\nAtlanta is in Georgia.\nCalifornia is a state in the United States.\nBoxing, modern pentathlon, and weightlifting will be removed from The 2028 Summer Olympics.\nAtlanta in the United States held the 1996 Summer Olympics.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y ((SummerOlympicsIn(x,y) \u2227 In(x, unitedStates)) \u2192 SummerOlympicsIn(x, unitedStates))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((In(x, y) \u2227 In(y, unitedStates)) \u2192 In(x, unitedStates))\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((In(x, z) \u2227 State(z) \u2227 SummerOlympicsIn(x,y)) \u2192 SummerOlympicsIn(z, y))\nSummerOlympicsIn(losAngeles, yr2028)\nIn(losAngeles, california)\nIn(atlanta, unitedStates)\nIn(california, unitedStates)\nIn(atlanta, georgia)\n\u00acInSummerOlympicsIn(boxing, yr2028) \u2227 (\u00acInSummerOlympicsIn(modern_pentathlon, yr2028)) \u2227 (\u00acInSummerOlympicsIn(weightlifting, yr2028))\nSummerOlympicsIn(atlanta, yr1996)", "conclusion": "The 2028 Summer Olympics will take place in the US.", "conclusion-FOL": "SummerOlympicsIn(unitedStates, yr2028)", "label": "True", "example_id": 195} +{"story_id": 66, "premises": "If a city holds a Summer Olympics, and the city is a US city, then the Summer Olympics will be in the US.\nIf a city is in a state in the US, the city is a US city.\nIf a city is in a state, and a Summer Olympics is in this city, then the Summer Olympics is in this state.\nThe 2028 Summer Olympics is scheduled to take place in Los Angeles.\nLos Angeles is a city in California.\nAtlanta is a US city.\nAtlanta is in Georgia.\nCalifornia is a state in the United States.\nBoxing, modern pentathlon, and weightlifting will be removed from The 2028 Summer Olympics.\nAtlanta in the United States held the 1996 Summer Olympics.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y ((SummerOlympicsIn(x,y) \u2227 In(x, unitedStates)) \u2192 SummerOlympicsIn(x, unitedStates))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((In(x, y) \u2227 In(y, unitedStates)) \u2192 In(x, unitedStates))\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((In(x, z) \u2227 State(z) \u2227 SummerOlympicsIn(x,y)) \u2192 SummerOlympicsIn(z, y))\nSummerOlympicsIn(losAngeles, yr2028)\nIn(losAngeles, california)\nIn(atlanta, unitedStates)\nIn(california, unitedStates)\nIn(atlanta, georgia)\n\u00acInSummerOlympicsIn(boxing, yr2028) \u2227 (\u00acInSummerOlympicsIn(modern_pentathlon, yr2028)) \u2227 (\u00acInSummerOlympicsIn(weightlifting, yr2028))\nSummerOlympicsIn(atlanta, yr1996)", "conclusion": "The 1996 Summer Olympics is not in Georgia.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acSummerOlympicsIn(georgia, yr1996)", "label": "False", "example_id": 196} +{"story_id": 66, "premises": "If a city holds a Summer Olympics, and the city is a US city, then the Summer Olympics will be in the US.\nIf a city is in a state in the US, the city is a US city.\nIf a city is in a state, and a Summer Olympics is in this city, then the Summer Olympics is in this state.\nThe 2028 Summer Olympics is scheduled to take place in Los Angeles.\nLos Angeles is a city in California.\nAtlanta is a US city.\nAtlanta is in Georgia.\nCalifornia is a state in the United States.\nBoxing, modern pentathlon, and weightlifting will be removed from The 2028 Summer Olympics.\nAtlanta in the United States held the 1996 Summer Olympics.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y ((SummerOlympicsIn(x,y) \u2227 In(x, unitedStates)) \u2192 SummerOlympicsIn(x, unitedStates))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((In(x, y) \u2227 In(y, unitedStates)) \u2192 In(x, unitedStates))\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((In(x, z) \u2227 State(z) \u2227 SummerOlympicsIn(x,y)) \u2192 SummerOlympicsIn(z, y))\nSummerOlympicsIn(losAngeles, yr2028)\nIn(losAngeles, california)\nIn(atlanta, unitedStates)\nIn(california, unitedStates)\nIn(atlanta, georgia)\n\u00acInSummerOlympicsIn(boxing, yr2028) \u2227 (\u00acInSummerOlympicsIn(modern_pentathlon, yr2028)) \u2227 (\u00acInSummerOlympicsIn(weightlifting, yr2028))\nSummerOlympicsIn(atlanta, yr1996)", "conclusion": "Skateboarding will appear at The 2028 Summer Olympics.", "conclusion-FOL": "InSummerOlympicsIn(skateboarding, yr2028)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 197} +{"story_id": 9, "premises": "The taiga vole is a large vole found in northwestern North America. \nCats like playing with all voles.\nThe taiga vole lives in the boreal taiga zone.\nThe boreal taiga zone in North America is a cold place to live in.", "premises-FOL": "Vole(taigaVole) \u2227 LiveIn(taigaVole, northAmerica)\nLikePlayingWith(cat, taigaVole)\nLiveIn(taigaVole, borealTaigaZone)\n\u2200x ((LiveIn(x, northAmerica) \u2227 LiveIn(x, borealTaigaZone)) \u2192 LiveIn(x, coldPlace))", "conclusion": "Cats like playing with taiga vole.", "conclusion-FOL": "LikePlayingWith(cat, taigaVole)", "label": "True", "example_id": 23} +{"story_id": 9, "premises": "The taiga vole is a large vole found in northwestern North America. \nCats like playing with all voles.\nThe taiga vole lives in the boreal taiga zone.\nThe boreal taiga zone in North America is a cold place to live in.", "premises-FOL": "Vole(taigaVole) \u2227 LiveIn(taigaVole, northAmerica)\nLikePlayingWith(cat, taigaVole)\nLiveIn(taigaVole, borealTaigaZone)\n\u2200x ((LiveIn(x, northAmerica) \u2227 LiveIn(x, borealTaigaZone)) \u2192 LiveIn(x, coldPlace))", "conclusion": "Taiga vole's living place is not cold.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acLiveIn(taigaVole, coldPlace)", "label": "False", "example_id": 24} +{"story_id": 389, "premises": "A diseases affect females or males.\nNo women have prostate cancer.\nA cancer is either prostate cancer or non-prostate cancer. \nNo type of cancer is without mutations.\nAll non-prostate cancers are a type of cancer.\nIf adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer or without mutations or both, then adenocarcinoma is in women or without mutations or both.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disease(x) \u2192 (Affects(x, female) \u2228 Affects(x, male)) )\n\u2200x (Affect(x, female) \u2192 \u00acProstateCancer(x))\n\u2200x (ProstateCancer(x) \u2228 NonProstateCancer(x)) \n\u2200x (Cancer(x) \u2192 \u00acWithout(x, mutation)) \n\u2200x (NonProstateCancer(x) \u2192 Cancer(x)) \n(Cancer(adenocarcinoma) \u2228 Without(adenocarcinoma, mutation)) \u2192 (Affect(adenocarcinoma, female) \u2228 Without(adenocarcinoma, mutation))", "conclusion": "Adenocarcinoma is a prostate cancer.", "conclusion-FOL": "ProstateCancer(adenocarcinoma)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1041} +{"story_id": 389, "premises": "A diseases affect females or males.\nNo women have prostate cancer.\nA cancer is either prostate cancer or non-prostate cancer. \nNo type of cancer is without mutations.\nAll non-prostate cancers are a type of cancer.\nIf adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer or without mutations or both, then adenocarcinoma is in women or without mutations or both.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disease(x) \u2192 (Affects(x, female) \u2228 Affects(x, male)) )\n\u2200x (Affect(x, female) \u2192 \u00acProstateCancer(x))\n\u2200x (ProstateCancer(x) \u2228 NonProstateCancer(x)) \n\u2200x (Cancer(x) \u2192 \u00acWithout(x, mutation)) \n\u2200x (NonProstateCancer(x) \u2192 Cancer(x)) \n(Cancer(adenocarcinoma) \u2228 Without(adenocarcinoma, mutation)) \u2192 (Affect(adenocarcinoma, female) \u2228 Without(adenocarcinoma, mutation))", "conclusion": "Adenocarcinoma is a disease in women.", "conclusion-FOL": "Affect(adenocarcinoma, men)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1042} +{"story_id": 389, "premises": "A diseases affect females or males.\nNo women have prostate cancer.\nA cancer is either prostate cancer or non-prostate cancer. \nNo type of cancer is without mutations.\nAll non-prostate cancers are a type of cancer.\nIf adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer or without mutations or both, then adenocarcinoma is in women or without mutations or both.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disease(x) \u2192 (Affects(x, female) \u2228 Affects(x, male)) )\n\u2200x (Affect(x, female) \u2192 \u00acProstateCancer(x))\n\u2200x (ProstateCancer(x) \u2228 NonProstateCancer(x)) \n\u2200x (Cancer(x) \u2192 \u00acWithout(x, mutation)) \n\u2200x (NonProstateCancer(x) \u2192 Cancer(x)) \n(Cancer(adenocarcinoma) \u2228 Without(adenocarcinoma, mutation)) \u2192 (Affect(adenocarcinoma, female) \u2228 Without(adenocarcinoma, mutation))", "conclusion": "If adenocarcinoma is a disease in women or without mutations, then adenocarcinoma is without mutations and a non-prostate cancer.", "conclusion-FOL": "(Affect(adenocarcinoma, men) \u2228 Without(adenocarcinoma, mutation)) \u2192 (NonProstateCancer(adenocarcinoma) \u2227 Without(adenocarcinoma, mutation))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1043} +{"story_id": 59, "premises": "Some monitors equipped in the lab are produced by the company named AOC. \nAll monitors equipped in the lab are cheaper than their original prices. \nIf a monitor is cheaper than its original price, then its resolution is 1080p. \nIf a monitor has a resolution of 1080p, then it does not support the type-c port. \nLG34 is equipped in the lab. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (LabMonitor(x) \u2227 AOC(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 LabMonitor(y) \u2227 AOC(y))\n\u2200x (LabMonitor(x) \u2192 Discounted(x))\n\u2200x (Discounted(x) \u2192 A1080p(x))\n\u2200x (A1080p(x) \u2192 \u00acTypeC(x))\nLabMonitor(lg-34)", "conclusion": "LG34 machine is produced by AOC.", "conclusion-FOL": "AOC(lg-34)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 174} +{"story_id": 59, "premises": "Some monitors equipped in the lab are produced by the company named AOC. \nAll monitors equipped in the lab are cheaper than their original prices. \nIf a monitor is cheaper than its original price, then its resolution is 1080p. \nIf a monitor has a resolution of 1080p, then it does not support the type-c port. \nLG34 is equipped in the lab. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (LabMonitor(x) \u2227 AOC(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 LabMonitor(y) \u2227 AOC(y))\n\u2200x (LabMonitor(x) \u2192 Discounted(x))\n\u2200x (Discounted(x) \u2192 A1080p(x))\n\u2200x (A1080p(x) \u2192 \u00acTypeC(x))\nLabMonitor(lg-34)", "conclusion": "LG34 machine does not support the type-c port.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acTypeC(lg-34)", "label": "True", "example_id": 175} +{"story_id": 59, "premises": "Some monitors equipped in the lab are produced by the company named AOC. \nAll monitors equipped in the lab are cheaper than their original prices. \nIf a monitor is cheaper than its original price, then its resolution is 1080p. \nIf a monitor has a resolution of 1080p, then it does not support the type-c port. \nLG34 is equipped in the lab. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (LabMonitor(x) \u2227 AOC(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 LabMonitor(y) \u2227 AOC(y))\n\u2200x (LabMonitor(x) \u2192 Discounted(x))\n\u2200x (Discounted(x) \u2192 A1080p(x))\n\u2200x (A1080p(x) \u2192 \u00acTypeC(x))\nLabMonitor(lg-34)", "conclusion": "LG34 is not with a resolution of 1080p.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acA1080p(lg-34)", "label": "False", "example_id": 176} +{"story_id": 412, "premises": "All fruits sold at Nica's market are shipped from Colombia. \nSome fruits sold in New Haven are shipped from Mexico.\nNo fruits shipped from Colombia are sold at the local farmers market in New Haven. \nAvocados are a kind of fruit sold at the local farmers market in New Haven or at Nica's market. \nAvocados are either shipped from Colombia and sold in New Haven, or neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Fruit(x) \u2227 SoldAt(x, nicasMarket)) \u2192 ShippedFrom(x, colombia))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Fruit(x) \u2227 SoldIn(x, newHaven) \u2227 ShippedFrom(x, mexico) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Fruit(y) \u2227 SoldIn(y, newHaven) \u2227 ShippedFrom(y, mexico))\n\u2200x ((Fruit(x) \u2227 ShippedFrom(x, colombia)) \u2192 \u00ac(SoldAt(x, localFarmersMarket)))\nFruit(avocado) \u2227 (SoldAt(avocado, localFarmersMarket) \u2228 SoldAt(avocado, nica'sMarket))\n\u00ac(ShippedFrom(avocado, colombia) \u2295 SoldIn(avocado, newHaven))", "conclusion": "Avocados are a kind of fruit sold at the local farmers market in New Haven.", "conclusion-FOL": "Fruit(avocado) \u2227 SoldAt(avocado, localFarmersMarket)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1155} +{"story_id": 412, "premises": "All fruits sold at Nica's market are shipped from Colombia. \nSome fruits sold in New Haven are shipped from Mexico.\nNo fruits shipped from Colombia are sold at the local farmers market in New Haven. \nAvocados are a kind of fruit sold at the local farmers market in New Haven or at Nica's market. \nAvocados are either shipped from Colombia and sold in New Haven, or neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Fruit(x) \u2227 SoldAt(x, nicasMarket)) \u2192 ShippedFrom(x, colombia))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Fruit(x) \u2227 SoldIn(x, newHaven) \u2227 ShippedFrom(x, mexico) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Fruit(y) \u2227 SoldIn(y, newHaven) \u2227 ShippedFrom(y, mexico))\n\u2200x ((Fruit(x) \u2227 ShippedFrom(x, colombia)) \u2192 \u00ac(SoldAt(x, localFarmersMarket)))\nFruit(avocado) \u2227 (SoldAt(avocado, localFarmersMarket) \u2228 SoldAt(avocado, nica'sMarket))\n\u00ac(ShippedFrom(avocado, colombia) \u2295 SoldIn(avocado, newHaven))", "conclusion": "Avocados are either sold at the local farmers market in New Haven or are sold in New Haven.", "conclusion-FOL": "SoldAt(avocado, localFarmersMarket) \u2295 SoldIn(avocado, newHaven)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1156} +{"story_id": 412, "premises": "All fruits sold at Nica's market are shipped from Colombia. \nSome fruits sold in New Haven are shipped from Mexico.\nNo fruits shipped from Colombia are sold at the local farmers market in New Haven. \nAvocados are a kind of fruit sold at the local farmers market in New Haven or at Nica's market. \nAvocados are either shipped from Colombia and sold in New Haven, or neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Fruit(x) \u2227 SoldAt(x, nicasMarket)) \u2192 ShippedFrom(x, colombia))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Fruit(x) \u2227 SoldIn(x, newHaven) \u2227 ShippedFrom(x, mexico) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Fruit(y) \u2227 SoldIn(y, newHaven) \u2227 ShippedFrom(y, mexico))\n\u2200x ((Fruit(x) \u2227 ShippedFrom(x, colombia)) \u2192 \u00ac(SoldAt(x, localFarmersMarket)))\nFruit(avocado) \u2227 (SoldAt(avocado, localFarmersMarket) \u2228 SoldAt(avocado, nica'sMarket))\n\u00ac(ShippedFrom(avocado, colombia) \u2295 SoldIn(avocado, newHaven))", "conclusion": "Avocados are either sold in New Haven or sold at Nica's market.", "conclusion-FOL": "SoldIn(avocado, newHaven) \u2295 SoldAt(x, nica'sMarket)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1157} +{"story_id": 412, "premises": "All fruits sold at Nica's market are shipped from Colombia. \nSome fruits sold in New Haven are shipped from Mexico.\nNo fruits shipped from Colombia are sold at the local farmers market in New Haven. \nAvocados are a kind of fruit sold at the local farmers market in New Haven or at Nica's market. \nAvocados are either shipped from Colombia and sold in New Haven, or neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Fruit(x) \u2227 SoldAt(x, nicasMarket)) \u2192 ShippedFrom(x, colombia))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Fruit(x) \u2227 SoldIn(x, newHaven) \u2227 ShippedFrom(x, mexico) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Fruit(y) \u2227 SoldIn(y, newHaven) \u2227 ShippedFrom(y, mexico))\n\u2200x ((Fruit(x) \u2227 ShippedFrom(x, colombia)) \u2192 \u00ac(SoldAt(x, localFarmersMarket)))\nFruit(avocado) \u2227 (SoldAt(avocado, localFarmersMarket) \u2228 SoldAt(avocado, nica'sMarket))\n\u00ac(ShippedFrom(avocado, colombia) \u2295 SoldIn(avocado, newHaven))", "conclusion": "If avocados are not both sold at the local farmers market in New Haven and shipped from Columbia, then they are neither sold at the local farmers market in New Haven nor in New Haven generally.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(SoldAt(avocado, localFarmersMarket) \u2227 ShippedFrom(avocado, colombia)) \u2192 \u00acSoldAt(avocado, localFarmersMarket) \u2227 \u00acSoldIn(avocado, newHaven)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1158} +{"story_id": 418, "premises": "Some monitors equipped in the library are produced by AOC. \nAll monitors equipped in the library are cheaper than 800 dollars. \nAll monitors cheaper than 800 dollars are with a resolution lower than 1080p. \nIf a monitor has a resolution lower than 1080p, then it does not support the type-c port. \nA-2017 supports the type-c port. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y(Monitor(x) \u2227 ProducedBy(x, aOC) \u2227 In(x, library) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Monitor(y) \u2227 ProducedBy(y, aOC) \u2227 In(y, library))\n\u2200x ((Monitor(x) \u2227 In(x, library)) \u2192 CheaperThan(x, dollars800))\n\u2200x ((Monitor(x) \u2227 CheaperThan(x, dollars800)) \u2192 ResolutionLessThan(x, p1080))\n\u2200x ((Monitor(x) \u2227 ResolutionLessThan(x, p1080)) \u2192 \u00acSupports(x, type-CPort))\nSupports(a-2017, type-CPort)", "conclusion": "A-2017 is produced by AOC.", "conclusion-FOL": "ProducedBy(x, aOC)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1178} +{"story_id": 418, "premises": "Some monitors equipped in the library are produced by AOC. \nAll monitors equipped in the library are cheaper than 800 dollars. \nAll monitors cheaper than 800 dollars are with a resolution lower than 1080p. \nIf a monitor has a resolution lower than 1080p, then it does not support the type-c port. \nA-2017 supports the type-c port. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y(Monitor(x) \u2227 ProducedBy(x, aOC) \u2227 In(x, library) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Monitor(y) \u2227 ProducedBy(y, aOC) \u2227 In(y, library))\n\u2200x ((Monitor(x) \u2227 In(x, library)) \u2192 CheaperThan(x, dollars800))\n\u2200x ((Monitor(x) \u2227 CheaperThan(x, dollars800)) \u2192 ResolutionLessThan(x, p1080))\n\u2200x ((Monitor(x) \u2227 ResolutionLessThan(x, p1080)) \u2192 \u00acSupports(x, type-CPort))\nSupports(a-2017, type-CPort)", "conclusion": "A-2017 is produced by AOC and equipped in the library.", "conclusion-FOL": "ProducedBy(a-2017, aOC) \u2227 In(a-2017, library)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1179} +{"story_id": 418, "premises": "Some monitors equipped in the library are produced by AOC. \nAll monitors equipped in the library are cheaper than 800 dollars. \nAll monitors cheaper than 800 dollars are with a resolution lower than 1080p. \nIf a monitor has a resolution lower than 1080p, then it does not support the type-c port. \nA-2017 supports the type-c port. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y(Monitor(x) \u2227 ProducedBy(x, aOC) \u2227 In(x, library) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Monitor(y) \u2227 ProducedBy(y, aOC) \u2227 In(y, library))\n\u2200x ((Monitor(x) \u2227 In(x, library)) \u2192 CheaperThan(x, dollars800))\n\u2200x ((Monitor(x) \u2227 CheaperThan(x, dollars800)) \u2192 ResolutionLessThan(x, p1080))\n\u2200x ((Monitor(x) \u2227 ResolutionLessThan(x, p1080)) \u2192 \u00acSupports(x, type-CPort))\nSupports(a-2017, type-CPort)", "conclusion": "If either A-2017 is both with a resolution of 1080p and produced by AOC or it is neither, then it is not equipped in the library.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(ResolutionLessThan(a-2017, p1080) \u2295 ProducedBy(x, aOC)) \u2192 \u00ac(In(a-2017, library))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1180} +{"story_id": 4, "premises": "S\u016bduva Marijampol\u0117 holds the Lithuanian Super Cup.\nS\u016bduva Marijampol\u0117 is a soccer team.", "premises-FOL": "Holds(suduva, theLithuanianSuperCup)\nSoccerTeam(suduva)", "conclusion": "Some soccer team holds the Lithuanian Super Cup.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (SoccerTeam(x) \u2227 Holds(x, theLithuanianSuperCup))", "label": "True", "example_id": 10} +{"story_id": 94, "premises": "Ainderby Quernhow is a village and civil parish in the Hambleton District.\nHambleton District is in North Yorkshire.\nNorth Yorkshire is in England.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.", "premises-FOL": "Village(ainderbyQuernhow) \u2227 CivilParish(ainderbyQuernhow) \u2227 In(ainderbyQuernhow, hambletonDistrict)\nIn(hambletonDistrict, northYorkshire)\nIn(northYorkshire, england)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((In(x, y) \u2227 In(y, z)) \u2192 In(x, z))", "conclusion": "There is a village in England.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Village(x) \u2227 In(x, england))", "label": "True", "example_id": 285} +{"story_id": 94, "premises": "Ainderby Quernhow is a village and civil parish in the Hambleton District.\nHambleton District is in North Yorkshire.\nNorth Yorkshire is in England.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.", "premises-FOL": "Village(ainderbyQuernhow) \u2227 CivilParish(ainderbyQuernhow) \u2227 In(ainderbyQuernhow, hambletonDistrict)\nIn(hambletonDistrict, northYorkshire)\nIn(northYorkshire, england)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((In(x, y) \u2227 In(y, z)) \u2192 In(x, z))", "conclusion": "There is no civil parish in England.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(\u2203x (CivilParish(x) \u2227 In(x, england)))", "label": "False", "example_id": 286} +{"story_id": 48, "premises": "Douglas Adams is an author who created the book collection called The Salmon of Doubt. \nThe Salmon of Doubt is about life experiences and technology.\nAll authors are writers.\nWriters create innovative ideas.\nSome books that contain innovative ideas are about technology.", "premises-FOL": "Author(douglasAdams) \u2227 Authored(douglasAdams, theSalmonOfDoubt) \u2227 Book(theSalmonOfDoubt)\nAbout(theSalmonOfDoubt, lifeExperience) \u2227 About(theSalmonOfDoubt, technology)\n\u2200x (Author(x) \u2192 Writer(x))\n\u2200x (Writer(x) \u2192 Create(x, innovativeIdea))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Contain(x, innovativeIdea) \u2227 About(x, technology) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 (Contain(y, innovativeIdea) \u2227 About(y, technology)))", "conclusion": "Douglas Adams is a writer.", "conclusion-FOL": "Writer(douglasAdams)", "label": "True", "example_id": 138} +{"story_id": 48, "premises": "Douglas Adams is an author who created the book collection called The Salmon of Doubt. \nThe Salmon of Doubt is about life experiences and technology.\nAll authors are writers.\nWriters create innovative ideas.\nSome books that contain innovative ideas are about technology.", "premises-FOL": "Author(douglasAdams) \u2227 Authored(douglasAdams, theSalmonOfDoubt) \u2227 Book(theSalmonOfDoubt)\nAbout(theSalmonOfDoubt, lifeExperience) \u2227 About(theSalmonOfDoubt, technology)\n\u2200x (Author(x) \u2192 Writer(x))\n\u2200x (Writer(x) \u2192 Create(x, innovativeIdea))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Contain(x, innovativeIdea) \u2227 About(x, technology) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 (Contain(y, innovativeIdea) \u2227 About(y, technology)))", "conclusion": "Douglas Adams created innovative ideas.", "conclusion-FOL": "Create(douglasAdams, innovativeIdea)", "label": "True", "example_id": 139} +{"story_id": 48, "premises": "Douglas Adams is an author who created the book collection called The Salmon of Doubt. \nThe Salmon of Doubt is about life experiences and technology.\nAll authors are writers.\nWriters create innovative ideas.\nSome books that contain innovative ideas are about technology.", "premises-FOL": "Author(douglasAdams) \u2227 Authored(douglasAdams, theSalmonOfDoubt) \u2227 Book(theSalmonOfDoubt)\nAbout(theSalmonOfDoubt, lifeExperience) \u2227 About(theSalmonOfDoubt, technology)\n\u2200x (Author(x) \u2192 Writer(x))\n\u2200x (Writer(x) \u2192 Create(x, innovativeIdea))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Contain(x, innovativeIdea) \u2227 About(x, technology) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 (Contain(y, innovativeIdea) \u2227 About(y, technology)))", "conclusion": "The Salmon of Doubt has no innovative Ideas.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acContain(theSalmonOfDoubt, innovativeIdea)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 140} +{"story_id": 323, "premises": "No disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disposable(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 \u00acHelpSlowDown(x, globalWarming))\n\u2200x (EcoFriendly(x) \u2227 Brand(x) \u2192 Help(x, slowDownGlobalWarming))\n\u2200x (Sustainable(x) \u2227 FashionBrand(x) \u2192 EcoFriendly(x) \u2227 Brand(x))\n\u2200x (FastFashion(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 Disposable(x) \u2227 Product(x)) \n\u00acHelpSlowDown(reformation, globalWarming) \u2192 (EcoFriendly(reformation) \u2227 Brand(reformation)) \u2228 (Sustainable(reformation) \u2227 FashionBrand(reformation))", "conclusion": "Reformation is an eco-friendly brand.", "conclusion-FOL": "EcoFriendly(reformation) \u2227 Brand(reformation)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 822} +{"story_id": 323, "premises": "No disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disposable(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 \u00acHelpSlowDown(x, globalWarming))\n\u2200x (EcoFriendly(x) \u2227 Brand(x) \u2192 Help(x, slowDownGlobalWarming))\n\u2200x (Sustainable(x) \u2227 FashionBrand(x) \u2192 EcoFriendly(x) \u2227 Brand(x))\n\u2200x (FastFashion(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 Disposable(x) \u2227 Product(x)) \n\u00acHelpSlowDown(reformation, globalWarming) \u2192 (EcoFriendly(reformation) \u2227 Brand(reformation)) \u2228 (Sustainable(reformation) \u2227 FashionBrand(reformation))", "conclusion": "Reformation produces fast fashion products.", "conclusion-FOL": "FastFashion(reformation) \u2227 Product(reformation)", "label": "False", "example_id": 823} +{"story_id": 323, "premises": "No disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disposable(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 \u00acHelpSlowDown(x, globalWarming))\n\u2200x (EcoFriendly(x) \u2227 Brand(x) \u2192 Help(x, slowDownGlobalWarming))\n\u2200x (Sustainable(x) \u2227 FashionBrand(x) \u2192 EcoFriendly(x) \u2227 Brand(x))\n\u2200x (FastFashion(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 Disposable(x) \u2227 Product(x)) \n\u00acHelpSlowDown(reformation, globalWarming) \u2192 (EcoFriendly(reformation) \u2227 Brand(reformation)) \u2228 (Sustainable(reformation) \u2227 FashionBrand(reformation))", "conclusion": "Reformation does not produce fast fashion products.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(FastFashion(reformation) \u2227 Product(reformation))", "label": "True", "example_id": 824} +{"story_id": 323, "premises": "No disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disposable(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 \u00acHelpSlowDown(x, globalWarming))\n\u2200x (EcoFriendly(x) \u2227 Brand(x) \u2192 Help(x, slowDownGlobalWarming))\n\u2200x (Sustainable(x) \u2227 FashionBrand(x) \u2192 EcoFriendly(x) \u2227 Brand(x))\n\u2200x (FastFashion(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 Disposable(x) \u2227 Product(x)) \n\u00acHelpSlowDown(reformation, globalWarming) \u2192 (EcoFriendly(reformation) \u2227 Brand(reformation)) \u2228 (Sustainable(reformation) \u2227 FashionBrand(reformation))", "conclusion": "Reformation does not produce fast fashion products or does not produce disposable products.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(FastFashion(reformation) \u2227 Product(reformation)) \u2228 \u00ac(Disposable(x) \u2227 Product(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 825} +{"story_id": 323, "premises": "No disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disposable(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 \u00acHelpSlowDown(x, globalWarming))\n\u2200x (EcoFriendly(x) \u2227 Brand(x) \u2192 Help(x, slowDownGlobalWarming))\n\u2200x (Sustainable(x) \u2227 FashionBrand(x) \u2192 EcoFriendly(x) \u2227 Brand(x))\n\u2200x (FastFashion(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 Disposable(x) \u2227 Product(x)) \n\u00acHelpSlowDown(reformation, globalWarming) \u2192 (EcoFriendly(reformation) \u2227 Brand(reformation)) \u2228 (Sustainable(reformation) \u2227 FashionBrand(reformation))", "conclusion": "If Reformation produces disposable products, then Reformation produces fast fashion products.", "conclusion-FOL": "(Disposable(reformation) \u2227 Product(reformation)) \u2192 (FastFashion(reformation) \u2227 Product(reformation))", "label": "True", "example_id": 826} +{"story_id": 323, "premises": "No disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disposable(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 \u00acHelpSlowDown(x, globalWarming))\n\u2200x (EcoFriendly(x) \u2227 Brand(x) \u2192 Help(x, slowDownGlobalWarming))\n\u2200x (Sustainable(x) \u2227 FashionBrand(x) \u2192 EcoFriendly(x) \u2227 Brand(x))\n\u2200x (FastFashion(x) \u2227 Product(x) \u2192 Disposable(x) \u2227 Product(x)) \n\u00acHelpSlowDown(reformation, globalWarming) \u2192 (EcoFriendly(reformation) \u2227 Brand(reformation)) \u2228 (Sustainable(reformation) \u2227 FashionBrand(reformation))", "conclusion": "If Reformation produces fast fashion products or helps slow down global warming, then Reformation produces fast fashion products.", "conclusion-FOL": "(FastFashion(reformation) \u2227 Product(reformation)) \u2228 \u00acHelpSlowDown(reformation, globalWarming)", "label": "False", "example_id": 827} +{"story_id": 93, "premises": "Roy Richardson was a cricketer who played for Sint Maarten, a constituent country.\nRoy Richardson was a right-handed batsman and medium-pace bowler.\nRoy Richardson was old when he debuted in cricket.\nSherville Huggins dismissed Roy Richardson.", "premises-FOL": "Cricketeer(royRichardson) \u2227 PlaysFor(royRichardson, sintMaarten) \u2227 ConstituentCountry(sintMaarten)\nRightHanded(royRichardson) \u2227 Batsman(royRichardson) \u2227 MediumPaceBowler(royRichardson)\nOldAtDebut(royRichardson)\nDismisses(shervilleHuggins, royRichardson)", "conclusion": "Sherville Huggins has never dismissed anyone playing cricket for a constituent country.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y ((ConsituentCountry(y) \u2227 PlayedFor(x, y)) \u2192 \u00acDismissed(shervillehuggins, x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 283} +{"story_id": 93, "premises": "Roy Richardson was a cricketer who played for Sint Maarten, a constituent country.\nRoy Richardson was a right-handed batsman and medium-pace bowler.\nRoy Richardson was old when he debuted in cricket.\nSherville Huggins dismissed Roy Richardson.", "premises-FOL": "Cricketeer(royRichardson) \u2227 PlaysFor(royRichardson, sintMaarten) \u2227 ConstituentCountry(sintMaarten)\nRightHanded(royRichardson) \u2227 Batsman(royRichardson) \u2227 MediumPaceBowler(royRichardson)\nOldAtDebut(royRichardson)\nDismisses(shervilleHuggins, royRichardson)", "conclusion": "No right-handed medium-pace bowlers were playing for Sint Maarten.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x ((RightHanded(x) \u2227 MediumPaceBowler(x)) \u2192 \u00acPlayedFor(x, sintMaarten))", "label": "False", "example_id": 284} +{"story_id": 251, "premises": "To get a job at Google, you need to have a lot of work experience or a good education.\nOne needs to submit their resume to Google to get a job there.\nJohn has a lot of work experience.\nJohn submitted his resume to Google and got a job there.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (GetAJobAt(x, google) \u2192 Have(x, aLotOfWorkExperience) \u2228 Have(x, goodEducation))\n\u2200x (GetAJobAt(x, google) \u2192 Submitted(x, resume, google))\nHave(john, aLotOfWorkExperience)\nSubmitted(john, resume, google) \u2227 GetAJobAt(john, google)", "conclusion": "John is a Yale graduate.", "conclusion-FOL": "YaleGraduate(john)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 695} +{"story_id": 338, "premises": "No iPhones are standalone desktops. \nAll Apple-made cellphones are iPhones. \nAll phones with A15 Bionic chips are Apple-made cell phones. \nAll phones equipped with four core-GPU made by Apple are phones with A15 Bionic chips. \nIf an unannounced Huawei phone is either a phone with A15 Bionic chips or equipped with four core-GPU made by Apple, then unannounced Huawei phone is neither a phone with A15 Bionic chips nor a standalone desktop.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (IPhone(x) \u2192 \u00acStandaloneDesktop(x))\n\u2200x (AppleMade(x) \u2227 Cellphone(x) \u2192 IPhone(x))\n\u2200x (Phone(x) \u2227 With(x, a15BionicChip) \u2192 AppleMade(x) \u2227 Cellphone(x))\n\u2200x (Phone(x) \u2227 EquippedWith(x, fourCoreGPU) \u2227 MadeBy(x, apple) \u2192 Phone(x) \u2227 With(x, a15BionicChip))\n(Phone(unannouncedHuaweiPhone) \u2227 With(unannouncedHuaweiPhone, a15BionicChip)) \u2295 (Phone(unannouncedHuaweiPhone) \u2227 EquippedWith(unannouncedHuaweiPhone, fourCoreGPU) \u2227 MadeBy(unannouncedHuaweiPhone, apple)) \u2192 \u00ac(Phone(unannouncedHuaweiPhone) \u2227 With(unannouncedHuaweiPhone, a15BionicChip) \u2227 StandaloneDesktop(unannouncedHuaweiPhone))", "conclusion": "Joe is a person taking classes.", "conclusion-FOL": "AppleMade(unannouncedHuaweiPhone) \u2227 Cellphone(unannouncedHuaweiPhone)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 884} +{"story_id": 338, "premises": "No iPhones are standalone desktops. \nAll Apple-made cellphones are iPhones. \nAll phones with A15 Bionic chips are Apple-made cell phones. \nAll phones equipped with four core-GPU made by Apple are phones with A15 Bionic chips. \nIf an unannounced Huawei phone is either a phone with A15 Bionic chips or equipped with four core-GPU made by Apple, then unannounced Huawei phone is neither a phone with A15 Bionic chips nor a standalone desktop.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (IPhone(x) \u2192 \u00acStandaloneDesktop(x))\n\u2200x (AppleMade(x) \u2227 Cellphone(x) \u2192 IPhone(x))\n\u2200x (Phone(x) \u2227 With(x, a15BionicChip) \u2192 AppleMade(x) \u2227 Cellphone(x))\n\u2200x (Phone(x) \u2227 EquippedWith(x, fourCoreGPU) \u2227 MadeBy(x, apple) \u2192 Phone(x) \u2227 With(x, a15BionicChip))\n(Phone(unannouncedHuaweiPhone) \u2227 With(unannouncedHuaweiPhone, a15BionicChip)) \u2295 (Phone(unannouncedHuaweiPhone) \u2227 EquippedWith(unannouncedHuaweiPhone, fourCoreGPU) \u2227 MadeBy(unannouncedHuaweiPhone, apple)) \u2192 \u00ac(Phone(unannouncedHuaweiPhone) \u2227 With(unannouncedHuaweiPhone, a15BionicChip) \u2227 StandaloneDesktop(unannouncedHuaweiPhone))", "conclusion": "Joe is a PhD student.", "conclusion-FOL": "Phone(unannouncedHuaweiPhone) \u2227 EquippedWith(unannouncedHuaweiPhone, fourCoreGPU) \u2227 MadeByApple(unannouncedHuaweiPhone)", "label": "False", "example_id": 885} +{"story_id": 338, "premises": "No iPhones are standalone desktops. \nAll Apple-made cellphones are iPhones. \nAll phones with A15 Bionic chips are Apple-made cell phones. \nAll phones equipped with four core-GPU made by Apple are phones with A15 Bionic chips. \nIf an unannounced Huawei phone is either a phone with A15 Bionic chips or equipped with four core-GPU made by Apple, then unannounced Huawei phone is neither a phone with A15 Bionic chips nor a standalone desktop.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (IPhone(x) \u2192 \u00acStandaloneDesktop(x))\n\u2200x (AppleMade(x) \u2227 Cellphone(x) \u2192 IPhone(x))\n\u2200x (Phone(x) \u2227 With(x, a15BionicChip) \u2192 AppleMade(x) \u2227 Cellphone(x))\n\u2200x (Phone(x) \u2227 EquippedWith(x, fourCoreGPU) \u2227 MadeBy(x, apple) \u2192 Phone(x) \u2227 With(x, a15BionicChip))\n(Phone(unannouncedHuaweiPhone) \u2227 With(unannouncedHuaweiPhone, a15BionicChip)) \u2295 (Phone(unannouncedHuaweiPhone) \u2227 EquippedWith(unannouncedHuaweiPhone, fourCoreGPU) \u2227 MadeBy(unannouncedHuaweiPhone, apple)) \u2192 \u00ac(Phone(unannouncedHuaweiPhone) \u2227 With(unannouncedHuaweiPhone, a15BionicChip) \u2227 StandaloneDesktop(unannouncedHuaweiPhone))", "conclusion": "Joe is not a PhD student.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Phone(unannouncedHuaweiPhone) \u2227 EquippedWith(unannouncedHuaweiPhone, fourCoreGPU) \u2227 MadeByApple(unannouncedHuaweiPhone))", "label": "True", "example_id": 886} +{"story_id": 32, "premises": "Hugh Vanstone is one of the world's leading lighting designers. \nHugh Vanstone is from the UK.\nHugh Vanstone has lit more than 160 productions.\nHugh Vanstone attended a school where he is from. ", "premises-FOL": "WorldLeadingLightingDesigner(hughVanstone)\nFrom(hughVanstone, unitedKingdom)\n\u2203x(GreaterThan(x, num160) \u2227 LitProductions(hughVanstone,x))\n\u2203x(Hometown(hughVanstone,x) \u2227 AttendedSchoolIn(hughVanstone,x))", "conclusion": "Hugh Vanstone is one of the world's leading lighting designers and is from the UK.", "conclusion-FOL": "WorldLeadingLightingDesigner(hughVanstone) \u2227 From(hughVanstone, unitedKingdom)", "label": "True", "example_id": 92} +{"story_id": 32, "premises": "Hugh Vanstone is one of the world's leading lighting designers. \nHugh Vanstone is from the UK.\nHugh Vanstone has lit more than 160 productions.\nHugh Vanstone attended a school where he is from. ", "premises-FOL": "WorldLeadingLightingDesigner(hughVanstone)\nFrom(hughVanstone, unitedKingdom)\n\u2203x(GreaterThan(x, num160) \u2227 LitProductions(hughVanstone,x))\n\u2203x(Hometown(hughVanstone,x) \u2227 AttendedSchoolIn(hughVanstone,x))", "conclusion": "Hugh Vanstone has lit 170 productions.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x(GreaterThan(x, num170) \u2227 LitProductions(hughVanstone,x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 93} +{"story_id": 32, "premises": "Hugh Vanstone is one of the world's leading lighting designers. \nHugh Vanstone is from the UK.\nHugh Vanstone has lit more than 160 productions.\nHugh Vanstone attended a school where he is from. ", "premises-FOL": "WorldLeadingLightingDesigner(hughVanstone)\nFrom(hughVanstone, unitedKingdom)\n\u2203x(GreaterThan(x, num160) \u2227 LitProductions(hughVanstone,x))\n\u2203x(Hometown(hughVanstone,x) \u2227 AttendedSchoolIn(hughVanstone,x))", "conclusion": "Hugh Vanstone attended a school in the United States.", "conclusion-FOL": "AttendedSchoolIn(hughVanstone, unitedStates)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 94} +{"story_id": 155, "premises": "No man can run faster than Bolt. \nSuperman is not a man.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Man(x) \u2192 \u00acRunFasterThan(xm bolt))\n\u00acMan(superman)", "conclusion": "Superman can run faster than Bolt.", "conclusion-FOL": "RunFasterThan(superman, bolt)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 448} +{"story_id": 128, "premises": "Donald Ervin Knuth is an American computer scientist, mathematician, and Professor Emeritus at Stanford University.\nKnuth has been called the \"father of the analysis of algorithms.\"", "premises-FOL": "American(donaldErvinKnuth) \u2227 ComputerScientist(donaldErvinKnuth) \u2227 Mathematician(donaldErvinKnuth) \u2227 ProfessorEmeritusAt(donaldErvinKnuth, stanford)\nCalled(donaldErvinKnuth, fatherOfTheAnalysisOfAlgorithms)", "conclusion": "An American scientist has been called the \"father of the analysis of algorithms\".", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (American(x) \u2227 ComputerScientist(x) \u2227 Called(x, fatherOfTheAnalysisOfAlgorithms))", "label": "True", "example_id": 379} +{"story_id": 128, "premises": "Donald Ervin Knuth is an American computer scientist, mathematician, and Professor Emeritus at Stanford University.\nKnuth has been called the \"father of the analysis of algorithms.\"", "premises-FOL": "American(donaldErvinKnuth) \u2227 ComputerScientist(donaldErvinKnuth) \u2227 Mathematician(donaldErvinKnuth) \u2227 ProfessorEmeritusAt(donaldErvinKnuth, stanford)\nCalled(donaldErvinKnuth, fatherOfTheAnalysisOfAlgorithms)", "conclusion": "A mathematician has been called the \"father of the analysis of algorithms\".", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Mathematician(x) \u2227 Called(x, fatherOfTheAnalysisOfAlgorithms))", "label": "True", "example_id": 380} +{"story_id": 128, "premises": "Donald Ervin Knuth is an American computer scientist, mathematician, and Professor Emeritus at Stanford University.\nKnuth has been called the \"father of the analysis of algorithms.\"", "premises-FOL": "American(donaldErvinKnuth) \u2227 ComputerScientist(donaldErvinKnuth) \u2227 Mathematician(donaldErvinKnuth) \u2227 ProfessorEmeritusAt(donaldErvinKnuth, stanford)\nCalled(donaldErvinKnuth, fatherOfTheAnalysisOfAlgorithms)", "conclusion": "Donald Knuth is a well-known figure in the field of artificial intelligence.", "conclusion-FOL": "WellKnownFigureIn(donaldErvinKnuth, artificialIntelligence)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 381} +{"story_id": 121, "premises": "Neocrepidodera Corpulentas are flea beetles or moths, or both.\nNeocrepidodera Corpulentas are in the Chrysomelidae family.\nThere are no moths within the Chrysomelidae family.\nThere is a Neocrepidodera Corpulenta. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (NeocrepidoderaCorpulenta(x) \u2192 (FleaBeetle(x) \u2228 Moth(x)))\n\u2200x (NeocrepidoderaCorpulenta(x) \u2192 In(x, chrysomelidaeFamily))\n\u2200x (In(x, chrysomelidaeFamily) \u2192 \u00acMoth(x))\n\u2203x (NeocrepidoderaCorpulenta(x))", "conclusion": "There is a flea beetle within the Chrysomelidae family.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (FleaBeetle(x) \u2227 In(x, chrysomelidaeFamily))", "label": "True", "example_id": 362} +{"story_id": 121, "premises": "Neocrepidodera Corpulentas are flea beetles or moths, or both.\nNeocrepidodera Corpulentas are in the Chrysomelidae family.\nThere are no moths within the Chrysomelidae family.\nThere is a Neocrepidodera Corpulenta. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (NeocrepidoderaCorpulenta(x) \u2192 (FleaBeetle(x) \u2228 Moth(x)))\n\u2200x (NeocrepidoderaCorpulenta(x) \u2192 In(x, chrysomelidaeFamily))\n\u2200x (In(x, chrysomelidaeFamily) \u2192 \u00acMoth(x))\n\u2203x (NeocrepidoderaCorpulenta(x))", "conclusion": "There are no flea beetles within the Chrysomelidae family.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (FleaBeetle(x) \u2192 \u00acIn(x, chrysomelidaeFamily))", "label": "False", "example_id": 363} +{"story_id": 227, "premises": "Carrozzeria Colli is a Milanese coachbuilder company established by Giuseppe Colli in 1931.\nCarrozzeria Colli is a company that specializes in using aluminum.\nThe first automobiles built by Carrozzeria Colli were racing cars.\nSome racing cars built by Carrozzeria Colli used Fiat 1100 mechanicals and chassis.\nCarrozzeria Colli worked for airforces.\nCarrozzeria Colli made car bodies. ", "premises-FOL": "Milanese(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 CoachBuilder(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 Company(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 EstablishedBy(carrozzeriaColli, giuseppeColli) \u2227 EstablishedIn(carrozzeriaColli, 1931)\nCompany(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 SpecializesIn(carrozzeriaColli, usingAluminum)\n\u2200x (BuiltBy(x, carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 FirstAutomobile(x) \u2192 RacingCar(x))\n\u2203x (BuiltBy(x, carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 RacingCar(x) \u2227 Used(x, fiat1100mechanicals) \u2227 Used(x, chassis))\n\u2203x (Airforce(x) \u2227 WorkedFor(carrozzeriaColli, x))\n\u2203(CarBody(x) \u2227 Made(x, carrozzeriaColli))", "conclusion": "Carrozzeria Colli made car bodies in 1931.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (CarBody(x) \u2227 Made(x, carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 MadeIn(x, 1931))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 640} +{"story_id": 227, "premises": "Carrozzeria Colli is a Milanese coachbuilder company established by Giuseppe Colli in 1931.\nCarrozzeria Colli is a company that specializes in using aluminum.\nThe first automobiles built by Carrozzeria Colli were racing cars.\nSome racing cars built by Carrozzeria Colli used Fiat 1100 mechanicals and chassis.\nCarrozzeria Colli worked for airforces.\nCarrozzeria Colli made car bodies. ", "premises-FOL": "Milanese(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 CoachBuilder(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 Company(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 EstablishedBy(carrozzeriaColli, giuseppeColli) \u2227 EstablishedIn(carrozzeriaColli, 1931)\nCompany(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 SpecializesIn(carrozzeriaColli, usingAluminum)\n\u2200x (BuiltBy(x, carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 FirstAutomobile(x) \u2192 RacingCar(x))\n\u2203x (BuiltBy(x, carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 RacingCar(x) \u2227 Used(x, fiat1100mechanicals) \u2227 Used(x, chassis))\n\u2203x (Airforce(x) \u2227 WorkedFor(carrozzeriaColli, x))\n\u2203(CarBody(x) \u2227 Made(x, carrozzeriaColli))", "conclusion": "Carrozzeria Colli built airplanes during World War II.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Airplane(x) \u2227 Made(x, carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 MadeDuring(x, worldWarII))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 641} +{"story_id": 227, "premises": "Carrozzeria Colli is a Milanese coachbuilder company established by Giuseppe Colli in 1931.\nCarrozzeria Colli is a company that specializes in using aluminum.\nThe first automobiles built by Carrozzeria Colli were racing cars.\nSome racing cars built by Carrozzeria Colli used Fiat 1100 mechanicals and chassis.\nCarrozzeria Colli worked for airforces.\nCarrozzeria Colli made car bodies. ", "premises-FOL": "Milanese(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 CoachBuilder(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 Company(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 EstablishedBy(carrozzeriaColli, giuseppeColli) \u2227 EstablishedIn(carrozzeriaColli, 1931)\nCompany(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 SpecializesIn(carrozzeriaColli, usingAluminum)\n\u2200x (BuiltBy(x, carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 FirstAutomobile(x) \u2192 RacingCar(x))\n\u2203x (BuiltBy(x, carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 RacingCar(x) \u2227 Used(x, fiat1100mechanicals) \u2227 Used(x, chassis))\n\u2203x (Airforce(x) \u2227 WorkedFor(carrozzeriaColli, x))\n\u2203(CarBody(x) \u2227 Made(x, carrozzeriaColli))", "conclusion": "Giuseppe Colli established a company that made car bodies.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Company(x) \u2227 EstablishedBy(x, giuseppeColli) \u2227 CarBody(y) \u2227 Made(y, x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 642} +{"story_id": 227, "premises": "Carrozzeria Colli is a Milanese coachbuilder company established by Giuseppe Colli in 1931.\nCarrozzeria Colli is a company that specializes in using aluminum.\nThe first automobiles built by Carrozzeria Colli were racing cars.\nSome racing cars built by Carrozzeria Colli used Fiat 1100 mechanicals and chassis.\nCarrozzeria Colli worked for airforces.\nCarrozzeria Colli made car bodies. ", "premises-FOL": "Milanese(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 CoachBuilder(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 Company(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 EstablishedBy(carrozzeriaColli, giuseppeColli) \u2227 EstablishedIn(carrozzeriaColli, 1931)\nCompany(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 SpecializesIn(carrozzeriaColli, usingAluminum)\n\u2200x (BuiltBy(x, carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 FirstAutomobile(x) \u2192 RacingCar(x))\n\u2203x (BuiltBy(x, carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 RacingCar(x) \u2227 Used(x, fiat1100mechanicals) \u2227 Used(x, chassis))\n\u2203x (Airforce(x) \u2227 WorkedFor(carrozzeriaColli, x))\n\u2203(CarBody(x) \u2227 Made(x, carrozzeriaColli))", "conclusion": "Giuseppe Colli established a Milanese coachbuilder company that specialized in using aluminum.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Milanese(x) \u2227 CoachBuilder(x) \u2227 Company(x) \u2227 EstablishedBy(x, giuseppeColli) \u2227 SpecializesIn(x, usingAluminum))", "label": "True", "example_id": 643} +{"story_id": 227, "premises": "Carrozzeria Colli is a Milanese coachbuilder company established by Giuseppe Colli in 1931.\nCarrozzeria Colli is a company that specializes in using aluminum.\nThe first automobiles built by Carrozzeria Colli were racing cars.\nSome racing cars built by Carrozzeria Colli used Fiat 1100 mechanicals and chassis.\nCarrozzeria Colli worked for airforces.\nCarrozzeria Colli made car bodies. ", "premises-FOL": "Milanese(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 CoachBuilder(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 Company(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 EstablishedBy(carrozzeriaColli, giuseppeColli) \u2227 EstablishedIn(carrozzeriaColli, 1931)\nCompany(carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 SpecializesIn(carrozzeriaColli, usingAluminum)\n\u2200x (BuiltBy(x, carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 FirstAutomobile(x) \u2192 RacingCar(x))\n\u2203x (BuiltBy(x, carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 RacingCar(x) \u2227 Used(x, fiat1100mechanicals) \u2227 Used(x, chassis))\n\u2203x (Airforce(x) \u2227 WorkedFor(carrozzeriaColli, x))\n\u2203(CarBody(x) \u2227 Made(x, carrozzeriaColli))", "conclusion": "The first automobiles built by Carrozzeria Colli were built using Fiat 1100 mechanicals and chassis.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (BuiltBy(x, carrozzeriaColli) \u2227 FirstAutomobil(x) \u2227 Used(x, fiat1100mechanicals) \u2227 Used(x, chassis))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 644} +{"story_id": 130, "premises": "John will go to the cinema if and only if Jack goes to the cinema today.\nJack will go to the cinema if and only if Iron Man is on and the weather is not bad today.\nSome days in March have bad weather.\nIron Man is on.\nIt's March now.", "premises-FOL": "(GoTo(john, theCinema) \u2227 GoTo(john, today)) \u2194 GoTo(jack, theCinema) \u2227 GoTo(jack, today)\n(GoTo(john, theCinema) \u2227 GoTo(john, today)) \u2194 (On(ironman) \u2227 \u00acBad(weather, today))\n\u2203x (Day(x) \u2227 March(x) \u2192 \u00acBad(weather, x))\nOn(ironman)\nDay(presentMoment) \u2227 March(presentMoment)", "conclusion": "John will go to the cinema.", "conclusion-FOL": "GoTo(john, theCinema) \u2227 GoTo(john, today)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 386} +{"story_id": 130, "premises": "John will go to the cinema if and only if Jack goes to the cinema today.\nJack will go to the cinema if and only if Iron Man is on and the weather is not bad today.\nSome days in March have bad weather.\nIron Man is on.\nIt's March now.", "premises-FOL": "(GoTo(john, theCinema) \u2227 GoTo(john, today)) \u2194 GoTo(jack, theCinema) \u2227 GoTo(jack, today)\n(GoTo(john, theCinema) \u2227 GoTo(john, today)) \u2194 (On(ironman) \u2227 \u00acBad(weather, today))\n\u2203x (Day(x) \u2227 March(x) \u2192 \u00acBad(weather, x))\nOn(ironman)\nDay(presentMoment) \u2227 March(presentMoment)", "conclusion": "The weather is good today.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acBad(weather, today)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 387} +{"story_id": 81, "premises": "Quiksilver sells sportswear, clothing, footwear, and accessories.\nFlannels are a type of clothing.\nJoe owns an item from Quiksilver.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Sells(quiksilver, x) \u2192 (Sportswear(x) \u2228 Clothing(x) \u2228 Footwear(x) \u2228 Accessory(x)))\nClothing(flannel)\n\u2203x (Sells(quiksilver, x) \u2227 Owns(joe, x))", "conclusion": "Quiksilver sells beer.", "conclusion-FOL": "Sells(quiksilver, beer)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 246} +{"story_id": 81, "premises": "Quiksilver sells sportswear, clothing, footwear, and accessories.\nFlannels are a type of clothing.\nJoe owns an item from Quiksilver.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Sells(quiksilver, x) \u2192 (Sportswear(x) \u2228 Clothing(x) \u2228 Footwear(x) \u2228 Accessory(x)))\nClothing(flannel)\n\u2203x (Sells(quiksilver, x) \u2227 Owns(joe, x))", "conclusion": "Joe owns a flannel.", "conclusion-FOL": "Owns(joe, flannel)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 247} +{"story_id": 81, "premises": "Quiksilver sells sportswear, clothing, footwear, and accessories.\nFlannels are a type of clothing.\nJoe owns an item from Quiksilver.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Sells(quiksilver, x) \u2192 (Sportswear(x) \u2228 Clothing(x) \u2228 Footwear(x) \u2228 Accessory(x)))\nClothing(flannel)\n\u2203x (Sells(quiksilver, x) \u2227 Owns(joe, x))", "conclusion": "Joe owns at least one piece of sportswear, clothing, footwear, or accessory", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Owns(joe, x) \u2227 Sportswear(x) \u2228 Clothing(x) \u2228 Footwear(x) \u2228 Accessory(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 248} +{"story_id": 308, "premises": "No video games released by Nintendo support the PS4 platform.\nAll video games in the Pokemon series are released by Nintendo. \nAll video games in the FIFA series support the PS4 platform. \nAll video games that allow users to simulate playing online soccer using licensed players are in the FIFA series.\nThe video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is in the Pokemon series, or it allows users to simulate playing online soccer games using licensed players.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 ReleasedBy(x, nintendo) \u2192 \u00acSupport(x, pS4))\n\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 In(x, pokemonSeries) \u2192 ReleasedBy(x, nintendo))\n\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 In(x, fIFASeries) \u2192 Support(x, pS4))\n\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 Simulate(x, onlineSoccer) \u2227 Use(x, licensedPlayer) \u2192 In(x, fIFASeries))\nVideoGame(beLionel) \u2227 In(beLionel, pokemonSeries) \u2228 (Simulate(beLionel, onlineSoccer) \u2227 Use(beLionel, licensedPlayer))", "conclusion": "The video game \"Be Lionel\" is in the pokemon series.", "conclusion-FOL": "VideoGame(beLionel) \u2227 PokemonSeries(beLionel)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 760} +{"story_id": 308, "premises": "No video games released by Nintendo support the PS4 platform.\nAll video games in the Pokemon series are released by Nintendo. \nAll video games in the FIFA series support the PS4 platform. \nAll video games that allow users to simulate playing online soccer using licensed players are in the FIFA series.\nThe video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is in the Pokemon series, or it allows users to simulate playing online soccer games using licensed players.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 ReleasedBy(x, nintendo) \u2192 \u00acSupport(x, pS4))\n\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 In(x, pokemonSeries) \u2192 ReleasedBy(x, nintendo))\n\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 In(x, fIFASeries) \u2192 Support(x, pS4))\n\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 Simulate(x, onlineSoccer) \u2227 Use(x, licensedPlayer) \u2192 In(x, fIFASeries))\nVideoGame(beLionel) \u2227 In(beLionel, pokemonSeries) \u2228 (Simulate(beLionel, onlineSoccer) \u2227 Use(beLionel, licensedPlayer))", "conclusion": "The video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d either is in the FIFA series and supports the PS4 platform, or it neither is in the FIFA series nor supports the PS4 platform.", "conclusion-FOL": "VideoGame(beLionel) \u2227 \u00ac(FIFASeries(beLionel) \u2295 Support(beLionel, pS4))", "label": "True", "example_id": 761} +{"story_id": 308, "premises": "No video games released by Nintendo support the PS4 platform.\nAll video games in the Pokemon series are released by Nintendo. \nAll video games in the FIFA series support the PS4 platform. \nAll video games that allow users to simulate playing online soccer using licensed players are in the FIFA series.\nThe video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is in the Pokemon series, or it allows users to simulate playing online soccer games using licensed players.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 ReleasedBy(x, nintendo) \u2192 \u00acSupport(x, pS4))\n\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 In(x, pokemonSeries) \u2192 ReleasedBy(x, nintendo))\n\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 In(x, fIFASeries) \u2192 Support(x, pS4))\n\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 Simulate(x, onlineSoccer) \u2227 Use(x, licensedPlayer) \u2192 In(x, fIFASeries))\nVideoGame(beLionel) \u2227 In(beLionel, pokemonSeries) \u2228 (Simulate(beLionel, onlineSoccer) \u2227 Use(beLionel, licensedPlayer))", "conclusion": "The video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is either in the FIFA series or supports the PS4 platform.", "conclusion-FOL": "VideoGame(beLionel) \u2227 FIFASeries(beLionel) \u2295 Support(beLionel, pS4)", "label": "False", "example_id": 762} +{"story_id": 308, "premises": "No video games released by Nintendo support the PS4 platform.\nAll video games in the Pokemon series are released by Nintendo. \nAll video games in the FIFA series support the PS4 platform. \nAll video games that allow users to simulate playing online soccer using licensed players are in the FIFA series.\nThe video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is in the Pokemon series, or it allows users to simulate playing online soccer games using licensed players.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 ReleasedBy(x, nintendo) \u2192 \u00acSupport(x, pS4))\n\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 In(x, pokemonSeries) \u2192 ReleasedBy(x, nintendo))\n\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 In(x, fIFASeries) \u2192 Support(x, pS4))\n\u2200x (VideoGame(x) \u2227 Simulate(x, onlineSoccer) \u2227 Use(x, licensedPlayer) \u2192 In(x, fIFASeries))\nVideoGame(beLionel) \u2227 In(beLionel, pokemonSeries) \u2228 (Simulate(beLionel, onlineSoccer) \u2227 Use(beLionel, licensedPlayer))", "conclusion": "The video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is not in the FIFA or Pokemon series.", "conclusion-FOL": "VideoGame(beLionel) \u2227 \u00ac(FIFASeries(beLionel) \u2228 Support(beLionel, pS4))", "label": "False", "example_id": 763} +{"story_id": 311, "premises": "No payment cards issued by Russian banks can be used with ApplePay.\nAll MIR payment cards are issued by Russian banks.\nSome international payment cards can be used with ApplePay.\nSocial payments in Russia can only be transferred to MIR payment cards.\nBank of America payment cards can be used with ApplePay.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (PaymentCard(x) \u2227 RussianBank(y) \u2227 IssuedBy(x, y) \u2192 \u00acUsedWith(x, applePay))\n\u2200x \u2200y (PaymentCard(x) \u2227 MIR(x) \u2192 RussianBank(y) \u2227 IssuedBy(x, y))\n\u2203x (PaymentCard(x) \u2227 International(x) \u2192 UsedWith(x, applePay))\n\u2200x \u2200y (SocialPayment(x) \u2227TransferredTo(x, y) \u2192 PaymentCard(y) \u2227 MIR(y))\nPaymentCard(bankOfAmerica) \u2227 UsedWith(bankOfAmerica, applePay)", "conclusion": "Bank of America payment cards are international.", "conclusion-FOL": "PaymentCard(bankOfAmerica) \u2227 International(bankOfAmerica)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 773} +{"story_id": 311, "premises": "No payment cards issued by Russian banks can be used with ApplePay.\nAll MIR payment cards are issued by Russian banks.\nSome international payment cards can be used with ApplePay.\nSocial payments in Russia can only be transferred to MIR payment cards.\nBank of America payment cards can be used with ApplePay.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (PaymentCard(x) \u2227 RussianBank(y) \u2227 IssuedBy(x, y) \u2192 \u00acUsedWith(x, applePay))\n\u2200x \u2200y (PaymentCard(x) \u2227 MIR(x) \u2192 RussianBank(y) \u2227 IssuedBy(x, y))\n\u2203x (PaymentCard(x) \u2227 International(x) \u2192 UsedWith(x, applePay))\n\u2200x \u2200y (SocialPayment(x) \u2227TransferredTo(x, y) \u2192 PaymentCard(y) \u2227 MIR(y))\nPaymentCard(bankOfAmerica) \u2227 UsedWith(bankOfAmerica, applePay)", "conclusion": "Bank of America payment cards are international and can be used to transfer social payments in Russia.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (PaymentCard(bankOfAmerica) \u2227 International(bankOfAmerica) \u2227 SocialPayment(x) \u2227TransferredTo(x, bankOfAmerica))", "label": "False", "example_id": 774} +{"story_id": 311, "premises": "No payment cards issued by Russian banks can be used with ApplePay.\nAll MIR payment cards are issued by Russian banks.\nSome international payment cards can be used with ApplePay.\nSocial payments in Russia can only be transferred to MIR payment cards.\nBank of America payment cards can be used with ApplePay.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (PaymentCard(x) \u2227 RussianBank(y) \u2227 IssuedBy(x, y) \u2192 \u00acUsedWith(x, applePay))\n\u2200x \u2200y (PaymentCard(x) \u2227 MIR(x) \u2192 RussianBank(y) \u2227 IssuedBy(x, y))\n\u2203x (PaymentCard(x) \u2227 International(x) \u2192 UsedWith(x, applePay))\n\u2200x \u2200y (SocialPayment(x) \u2227TransferredTo(x, y) \u2192 PaymentCard(y) \u2227 MIR(y))\nPaymentCard(bankOfAmerica) \u2227 UsedWith(bankOfAmerica, applePay)", "conclusion": "If Bank of America payment cards are international and can be used to transfer social payments in Russia, then they are international.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x ((PaymentCard(bandOfAmerica) \u2227 International(bandOfAmerica) \u2227 SocialPayment(x) \u2227 TransferredTo(x, bandOfAmerica)) \u2192 International(bandOfAmerica))", "label": "True", "example_id": 775} +{"story_id": 52, "premises": "The Lumina APV is produced by Chevrolet. \nThe Astro is a van produced by Chevrolet. \nVehicles produced by Chevrolet in this batch are either cars or vans.", "premises-FOL": "ProducedBy(luminaAPV, chevrolet)\nProducedBy(astro, chevrolet) \u2227 Van(astro)\n\u2200x (Vehicle(x) \u2227 ProducedBy(x, chevrolet) \u2227 InThisBatch(x) \u2192 (Car(x) \u2295 Van(x)))", "conclusion": "The Lumina APV is a van.", "conclusion-FOL": "Van(luminaAPV)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 150} +{"story_id": 52, "premises": "The Lumina APV is produced by Chevrolet. \nThe Astro is a van produced by Chevrolet. \nVehicles produced by Chevrolet in this batch are either cars or vans.", "premises-FOL": "ProducedBy(luminaAPV, chevrolet)\nProducedBy(astro, chevrolet) \u2227 Van(astro)\n\u2200x (Vehicle(x) \u2227 ProducedBy(x, chevrolet) \u2227 InThisBatch(x) \u2192 (Car(x) \u2295 Van(x)))", "conclusion": "The Lumina APV is either a car or a van.", "conclusion-FOL": "Car(luminaAPV) \u2295 Van(luminaAPV)", "label": "True", "example_id": 151} +{"story_id": 52, "premises": "The Lumina APV is produced by Chevrolet. \nThe Astro is a van produced by Chevrolet. \nVehicles produced by Chevrolet in this batch are either cars or vans.", "premises-FOL": "ProducedBy(luminaAPV, chevrolet)\nProducedBy(astro, chevrolet) \u2227 Van(astro)\n\u2200x (Vehicle(x) \u2227 ProducedBy(x, chevrolet) \u2227 InThisBatch(x) \u2192 (Car(x) \u2295 Van(x)))", "conclusion": "The Astro is a van.", "conclusion-FOL": "Van(astro)", "label": "True", "example_id": 152} +{"story_id": 52, "premises": "The Lumina APV is produced by Chevrolet. \nThe Astro is a van produced by Chevrolet. \nVehicles produced by Chevrolet in this batch are either cars or vans.", "premises-FOL": "ProducedBy(luminaAPV, chevrolet)\nProducedBy(astro, chevrolet) \u2227 Van(astro)\n\u2200x (Vehicle(x) \u2227 ProducedBy(x, chevrolet) \u2227 InThisBatch(x) \u2192 (Car(x) \u2295 Van(x)))", "conclusion": "The Astro is a car.", "conclusion-FOL": "Car(astro)", "label": "False", "example_id": 153} +{"story_id": 405, "premises": "Everyone who works in the office is a commuter. \nPeople either work in the office or work from home.\nEveryone who works from home has a relaxed schedule.\nGeorge is either a commuter or has a home office setup. \nIf George is either a person who works from home or has a home office setup, then George is a commuter and is not a person who works from home.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkIn(x, office) \u2192 Commuter(x))\n\u2200x (WorkIn(x, office) \u2295 WorkFrom(x, home))\n\u2200x (WorkFrom(x, home) \u2192 Have(x, relaxedSchedule))\nCommuter(george) \u2295 Have(george, homeOffice)\n(WorkFrom(george, home) \u2295 Have(george, homeOffice)) \u2192 \u00acWorkFrom(george, home) \u2227 Commuter(george)", "conclusion": "George is a person who works from home.", "conclusion-FOL": "WorkFrom(george, home)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1123} +{"story_id": 405, "premises": "Everyone who works in the office is a commuter. \nPeople either work in the office or work from home.\nEveryone who works from home has a relaxed schedule.\nGeorge is either a commuter or has a home office setup. \nIf George is either a person who works from home or has a home office setup, then George is a commuter and is not a person who works from home.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkIn(x, office) \u2192 Commuter(x))\n\u2200x (WorkIn(x, office) \u2295 WorkFrom(x, home))\n\u2200x (WorkFrom(x, home) \u2192 Have(x, relaxedSchedule))\nCommuter(george) \u2295 Have(george, homeOffice)\n(WorkFrom(george, home) \u2295 Have(george, homeOffice)) \u2192 \u00acWorkFrom(george, home) \u2227 Commuter(george)", "conclusion": "If George is not a person who works from home and a person who works in the office, then George is neither a commuter nor a person who has a relaxed schedule.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(WorkFrom(george, home) \u2227 WorkIn(george, office)) \u2192 \u00ac(Commuter(george) \u2228 Have(george, relaxedSchedule))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1124} +{"story_id": 405, "premises": "Everyone who works in the office is a commuter. \nPeople either work in the office or work from home.\nEveryone who works from home has a relaxed schedule.\nGeorge is either a commuter or has a home office setup. \nIf George is either a person who works from home or has a home office setup, then George is a commuter and is not a person who works from home.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkIn(x, office) \u2192 Commuter(x))\n\u2200x (WorkIn(x, office) \u2295 WorkFrom(x, home))\n\u2200x (WorkFrom(x, home) \u2192 Have(x, relaxedSchedule))\nCommuter(george) \u2295 Have(george, homeOffice)\n(WorkFrom(george, home) \u2295 Have(george, homeOffice)) \u2192 \u00acWorkFrom(george, home) \u2227 Commuter(george)", "conclusion": "If George is either a person who has a home office setup and a person who works in the office, or neither a person who has a home office setup nor a person who works in the office, then George is either a person who works from home or a person who has a relaxed schedule.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Have(george, homeOffice) \u2295 WorkIn(george, office)) \u2192 (WorkFrom(george, home) \u2295 Have(george, relaxedSchedule))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1125} +{"story_id": 28, "premises": "Jason Kramer is an American music supervisor.\nSome American radio personalities are also music supervisors. \nAnyone who hosts a show on a public radio station is a radio personality.\nJoe Rogan is a radio personality.\nJason Kramer hosted a show on a public radio station.", "premises-FOL": "MusicSupervisor(jasonKramer) \u2227 American(jasonKramer)\n\u2203x \u2203y (American(x) \u2227 MusicSupervisor(x) \u2227 RadioPersonality(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 American(y) \u2227 MusicSupervisor(y) \u2227 RadioPersonality(y))\n\u2200x \u2200y((HostShowOn(x, y) \u2227 PublicRadioStation(x)) \u2192 RadioPersonality(x))\nRadioPersonality(joeRogan)\n\u2203x(HostShowOn(jasonKramer, x) \u2227 PublicRadioStation(x))", "conclusion": "Joe Rogan is American.", "conclusion-FOL": "American(joeRogan)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 80} +{"story_id": 28, "premises": "Jason Kramer is an American music supervisor.\nSome American radio personalities are also music supervisors. \nAnyone who hosts a show on a public radio station is a radio personality.\nJoe Rogan is a radio personality.\nJason Kramer hosted a show on a public radio station.", "premises-FOL": "MusicSupervisor(jasonKramer) \u2227 American(jasonKramer)\n\u2203x \u2203y (American(x) \u2227 MusicSupervisor(x) \u2227 RadioPersonality(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 American(y) \u2227 MusicSupervisor(y) \u2227 RadioPersonality(y))\n\u2200x \u2200y((HostShowOn(x, y) \u2227 PublicRadioStation(x)) \u2192 RadioPersonality(x))\nRadioPersonality(joeRogan)\n\u2203x(HostShowOn(jasonKramer, x) \u2227 PublicRadioStation(x))", "conclusion": "Jason Kramer is a music supervisor.", "conclusion-FOL": "MusicSupervisor(jasonKramer)", "label": "True", "example_id": 81} +{"story_id": 28, "premises": "Jason Kramer is an American music supervisor.\nSome American radio personalities are also music supervisors. \nAnyone who hosts a show on a public radio station is a radio personality.\nJoe Rogan is a radio personality.\nJason Kramer hosted a show on a public radio station.", "premises-FOL": "MusicSupervisor(jasonKramer) \u2227 American(jasonKramer)\n\u2203x \u2203y (American(x) \u2227 MusicSupervisor(x) \u2227 RadioPersonality(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 American(y) \u2227 MusicSupervisor(y) \u2227 RadioPersonality(y))\n\u2200x \u2200y((HostShowOn(x, y) \u2227 PublicRadioStation(x)) \u2192 RadioPersonality(x))\nRadioPersonality(joeRogan)\n\u2203x(HostShowOn(jasonKramer, x) \u2227 PublicRadioStation(x))", "conclusion": "Jason Kramer is a radio personality.", "conclusion-FOL": "RadioPersonality(jasonKramer)", "label": "True", "example_id": 82} +{"story_id": 430, "premises": "Herm\u00e8s bags are not made in Italy.\nAll Birkin bags are Herm\u00e8s bags. \nAll Ferraris are made in Italy. \nAll cars that carry a Ferrari V12 engine are Ferraris. \nAll cars that are made in Maranello carry a Ferrari V12 engine.\nA Lamborghini SUV is not both a Ferrari and made in Maranello. \nA Kelly bag is a Herm\u00e8s bag, or it is a car that carries a Ferrari V12 engine. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Bag(x) \u2227 Herm\u00e8s(x)) \u2192 \u00acMadeIn(x, italy))\n\u2200x ((Bag(x) \u2227 Birkin(x)) \u2192 Herm\u00e8s(x))\n\u2200x (Ferrari(x) \u2192 MadeIn(x, italy))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 Carry(x, ferrariV12Engine)) \u2192 Ferrrari(x))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 MadeIn(x, maranello)) \u2192 Carry(x, ferrariV12Engine))\n\u00ac(Ferrari(lamborghiniSUV) \u2227 MadeIn(lamborghiniSUV, maranello))\n(Bag(kelly) \u2227 Herm\u00e8s(kelly)) \u2228 (Bag(kelly) \u2227 Car(kelly) \u2227 Carry(kelly, ferrariV12Engine))", "conclusion": "A Lamborghini SUV is made in Italy.", "conclusion-FOL": "MadeIn(lamborghiniSUV, italy)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1223} +{"story_id": 430, "premises": "Herm\u00e8s bags are not made in Italy.\nAll Birkin bags are Herm\u00e8s bags. \nAll Ferraris are made in Italy. \nAll cars that carry a Ferrari V12 engine are Ferraris. \nAll cars that are made in Maranello carry a Ferrari V12 engine.\nA Lamborghini SUV is not both a Ferrari and made in Maranello. \nA Kelly bag is a Herm\u00e8s bag, or it is a car that carries a Ferrari V12 engine. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Bag(x) \u2227 Herm\u00e8s(x)) \u2192 \u00acMadeIn(x, italy))\n\u2200x ((Bag(x) \u2227 Birkin(x)) \u2192 Herm\u00e8s(x))\n\u2200x (Ferrari(x) \u2192 MadeIn(x, italy))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 Carry(x, ferrariV12Engine)) \u2192 Ferrrari(x))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 MadeIn(x, maranello)) \u2192 Carry(x, ferrariV12Engine))\n\u00ac(Ferrari(lamborghiniSUV) \u2227 MadeIn(lamborghiniSUV, maranello))\n(Bag(kelly) \u2227 Herm\u00e8s(kelly)) \u2228 (Bag(kelly) \u2227 Car(kelly) \u2227 Carry(kelly, ferrariV12Engine))", "conclusion": "A Lamborghini SUV is not made in Italy.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acMadeIn(lamborghiniSUV, italy)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1224} +{"story_id": 430, "premises": "Herm\u00e8s bags are not made in Italy.\nAll Birkin bags are Herm\u00e8s bags. \nAll Ferraris are made in Italy. \nAll cars that carry a Ferrari V12 engine are Ferraris. \nAll cars that are made in Maranello carry a Ferrari V12 engine.\nA Lamborghini SUV is not both a Ferrari and made in Maranello. \nA Kelly bag is a Herm\u00e8s bag, or it is a car that carries a Ferrari V12 engine. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Bag(x) \u2227 Herm\u00e8s(x)) \u2192 \u00acMadeIn(x, italy))\n\u2200x ((Bag(x) \u2227 Birkin(x)) \u2192 Herm\u00e8s(x))\n\u2200x (Ferrari(x) \u2192 MadeIn(x, italy))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 Carry(x, ferrariV12Engine)) \u2192 Ferrrari(x))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 MadeIn(x, maranello)) \u2192 Carry(x, ferrariV12Engine))\n\u00ac(Ferrari(lamborghiniSUV) \u2227 MadeIn(lamborghiniSUV, maranello))\n(Bag(kelly) \u2227 Herm\u00e8s(kelly)) \u2228 (Bag(kelly) \u2227 Car(kelly) \u2227 Carry(kelly, ferrariV12Engine))", "conclusion": "A Kelly bag is a Birkin bag made in Maranello.", "conclusion-FOL": "Bag(kelly) \u2227 MadeIn(kelly, maranello) \u2227 Birkin(kelly)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1225} +{"story_id": 430, "premises": "Herm\u00e8s bags are not made in Italy.\nAll Birkin bags are Herm\u00e8s bags. \nAll Ferraris are made in Italy. \nAll cars that carry a Ferrari V12 engine are Ferraris. \nAll cars that are made in Maranello carry a Ferrari V12 engine.\nA Lamborghini SUV is not both a Ferrari and made in Maranello. \nA Kelly bag is a Herm\u00e8s bag, or it is a car that carries a Ferrari V12 engine. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Bag(x) \u2227 Herm\u00e8s(x)) \u2192 \u00acMadeIn(x, italy))\n\u2200x ((Bag(x) \u2227 Birkin(x)) \u2192 Herm\u00e8s(x))\n\u2200x (Ferrari(x) \u2192 MadeIn(x, italy))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 Carry(x, ferrariV12Engine)) \u2192 Ferrrari(x))\n\u2200x ((Car(x) \u2227 MadeIn(x, maranello)) \u2192 Carry(x, ferrariV12Engine))\n\u00ac(Ferrari(lamborghiniSUV) \u2227 MadeIn(lamborghiniSUV, maranello))\n(Bag(kelly) \u2227 Herm\u00e8s(kelly)) \u2228 (Bag(kelly) \u2227 Car(kelly) \u2227 Carry(kelly, ferrariV12Engine))", "conclusion": "A Kelly bag is not both made in Maranello and a Birkin bag.", "conclusion-FOL": "Bag(kelly) \u2227 \u00ac(MadeIn(kelly, maranello) \u2227 Birkin(kelly))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1226} +{"story_id": 209, "premises": "If someone lives in a place named Galicia, then they live in either Spain or Poland.\nSpain is in Europe.\nPoland is in Europe.\nRochelle lives in Europe.\nDominique does not live in Europe.\nAlfonso lives in a place named Galicia.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (\u2203y (LiveIn(x, y) \u2227 Place(y) \u2227 Named(y, galicia)) \u2192 LiveIn(x, spain) \u2295 LiveIn(x, poland))\n\u2200x (LiveIn(x, spain) \u2192 LiveIn(x, europe))\n\u2200x (LiveIn(x, poland) \u2192 LiveIn(x, europe))\nLiveIn(rochelle, europe)\n\u00acLiveIn(dominique, europe)\n\u2203y (LiveIn(alfonso, y) \u2227 Place(y) \u2227 Named(y, galicia))", "conclusion": "Rochelle lives in a place namedGalicia.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203y (LiveIn(rochelle, y) \u2227 Place(y) \u2227 Named(y, galicia))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 596} +{"story_id": 209, "premises": "If someone lives in a place named Galicia, then they live in either Spain or Poland.\nSpain is in Europe.\nPoland is in Europe.\nRochelle lives in Europe.\nDominique does not live in Europe.\nAlfonso lives in a place named Galicia.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (\u2203y (LiveIn(x, y) \u2227 Place(y) \u2227 Named(y, galicia)) \u2192 LiveIn(x, spain) \u2295 LiveIn(x, poland))\n\u2200x (LiveIn(x, spain) \u2192 LiveIn(x, europe))\n\u2200x (LiveIn(x, poland) \u2192 LiveIn(x, europe))\nLiveIn(rochelle, europe)\n\u00acLiveIn(dominique, europe)\n\u2203y (LiveIn(alfonso, y) \u2227 Place(y) \u2227 Named(y, galicia))", "conclusion": "Dominique does not live in Spain.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Live(dominique, x) \u2192 \u00acIn(x, spain))", "label": "True", "example_id": 597} +{"story_id": 209, "premises": "If someone lives in a place named Galicia, then they live in either Spain or Poland.\nSpain is in Europe.\nPoland is in Europe.\nRochelle lives in Europe.\nDominique does not live in Europe.\nAlfonso lives in a place named Galicia.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (\u2203y (LiveIn(x, y) \u2227 Place(y) \u2227 Named(y, galicia)) \u2192 LiveIn(x, spain) \u2295 LiveIn(x, poland))\n\u2200x (LiveIn(x, spain) \u2192 LiveIn(x, europe))\n\u2200x (LiveIn(x, poland) \u2192 LiveIn(x, europe))\nLiveIn(rochelle, europe)\n\u00acLiveIn(dominique, europe)\n\u2203y (LiveIn(alfonso, y) \u2227 Place(y) \u2227 Named(y, galicia))", "conclusion": "Alfonso lives in Europe.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Live(alfonso, x) \u2192 In(x, europe))", "label": "True", "example_id": 598} +{"story_id": 106, "premises": "Ralph Hammerthaler was born in Wasserburg am Inn.\nWasserburg am Inn is in Germany.\nGermany is in Europe.\nRalph Hammerthaler is a German writer.\nRalph Hammerthaler was born in 1965. ", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(ralphHammerthaler, wasserburgamInn)\nLocatedIn(wasserbAmInn, germany)\nLocatedIn(germany, europe)\nWriter(ralphHammerthaler) \u2227 German(ralphHammerthaler)\nBornIn1965(ralphHammerthaler)", "conclusion": "Ralph Hammerthaler is a writer born in Asia.", "conclusion-FOL": "Writer(ralphHammerthaler) \u2227 BornIn(ralphHammerthaler, asia)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 321} +{"story_id": 106, "premises": "Ralph Hammerthaler was born in Wasserburg am Inn.\nWasserburg am Inn is in Germany.\nGermany is in Europe.\nRalph Hammerthaler is a German writer.\nRalph Hammerthaler was born in 1965. ", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(ralphHammerthaler, wasserburgamInn)\nLocatedIn(wasserbAmInn, germany)\nLocatedIn(germany, europe)\nWriter(ralphHammerthaler) \u2227 German(ralphHammerthaler)\nBornIn1965(ralphHammerthaler)", "conclusion": "Ralph Hammerthaler lives in Germany.", "conclusion-FOL": "LivesIn(ralphHammerthaler, germany)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 322} +{"story_id": 415, "premises": "All books written by Neil Gaiman have sold more than one thousand copies.\nSome books that have won Hugo Awards are written by Neil Gaiman.\nTomas has read all books written by Tolkien. \nEither Tomas has read Hamlet, or it has sold more than one thousand copies.\nHamlet has either sold more than one thousand copies or it is written by Neil Gaiman.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Book(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, neilGaiman)) \u2192 \u2203y (MoreThan(y, num1000) \u2227 SoldCopies(x, y)))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Book(x) \u2227 Win(x, hugoAward) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, neilGaiman) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Book(y) \u2227 Win(y, hugoAward) \u2227 WrittenBy(y, neilGaiman))\n\u2200x ((Book(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, tolkien)) \u2192 ReadBy(x, tomas))\nReadBy(hamlet, tomas) \u2295 (\u2203y (MoreThan(y, num1000) \u2227 SoldCopies(hamlet, y)))\n\u2203y (MoreThan(y, num1000) \u2227 SoldCopies(hamlet, y)) \u2295 WrittenBy(hamlet, neilGaiman)", "conclusion": "Hamlet has won a Hugo Award.", "conclusion-FOL": "Win(hamlet, hugoAward)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1166} +{"story_id": 415, "premises": "All books written by Neil Gaiman have sold more than one thousand copies.\nSome books that have won Hugo Awards are written by Neil Gaiman.\nTomas has read all books written by Tolkien. \nEither Tomas has read Hamlet, or it has sold more than one thousand copies.\nHamlet has either sold more than one thousand copies or it is written by Neil Gaiman.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Book(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, neilGaiman)) \u2192 \u2203y (MoreThan(y, num1000) \u2227 SoldCopies(x, y)))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Book(x) \u2227 Win(x, hugoAward) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, neilGaiman) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Book(y) \u2227 Win(y, hugoAward) \u2227 WrittenBy(y, neilGaiman))\n\u2200x ((Book(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, tolkien)) \u2192 ReadBy(x, tomas))\nReadBy(hamlet, tomas) \u2295 (\u2203y (MoreThan(y, num1000) \u2227 SoldCopies(hamlet, y)))\n\u2203y (MoreThan(y, num1000) \u2227 SoldCopies(hamlet, y)) \u2295 WrittenBy(hamlet, neilGaiman)", "conclusion": "Hamlet has won a Hugo Award and is written by Tolkien.", "conclusion-FOL": "Win(hamlet, hugoAward) \u2227 WrittenBy(hamlet, tolkien)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1167} +{"story_id": 415, "premises": "All books written by Neil Gaiman have sold more than one thousand copies.\nSome books that have won Hugo Awards are written by Neil Gaiman.\nTomas has read all books written by Tolkien. \nEither Tomas has read Hamlet, or it has sold more than one thousand copies.\nHamlet has either sold more than one thousand copies or it is written by Neil Gaiman.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Book(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, neilGaiman)) \u2192 \u2203y (MoreThan(y, num1000) \u2227 SoldCopies(x, y)))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Book(x) \u2227 Win(x, hugoAward) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, neilGaiman) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Book(y) \u2227 Win(y, hugoAward) \u2227 WrittenBy(y, neilGaiman))\n\u2200x ((Book(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, tolkien)) \u2192 ReadBy(x, tomas))\nReadBy(hamlet, tomas) \u2295 (\u2203y (MoreThan(y, num1000) \u2227 SoldCopies(hamlet, y)))\n\u2203y (MoreThan(y, num1000) \u2227 SoldCopies(hamlet, y)) \u2295 WrittenBy(hamlet, neilGaiman)", "conclusion": "If Hamlet has either won a Hugo Award and is written by Tolkien, or neither has won a Hugo Award nor is written by Tolkien, then Hamlet has neither won a Hugo Award nor is written by Neil Gaiman.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Win(hamlet, hugoAward) \u2295 WrittenBy(hamlet, tolkien)) \u2192 (\u00acWin(hamlet, hugoAward) \u2227 (\u00acWrittenBy(hamlet, neilGaiman)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1168} +{"story_id": 479, "premises": "Grass is not food\nAll meadows are grass.\nAll edible things are food. \nAll fruits are edible.\nAll lemons are fruit.\nGrapes are not both edible and lemons.\nBananas are grasses or fruits. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Grass(x) \u2192 \u00acFood(x))\n\u2200x (Meadow(x) \u2192 Grass(x))\n\u2200x (Edible(x) \u2192 Food(x))\n\u2200x (Fruit(x) \u2192 Edible(x))\n\u2200x (Lemon(x) \u2192 Fruit(x))\n\u00ac(Edible(grape) \u2227 Lemon(grape))\nGrass(banana) \u2228 Fruit(banana)", "conclusion": "Grapes are food.", "conclusion-FOL": "Food(grape)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1393} +{"story_id": 479, "premises": "Grass is not food\nAll meadows are grass.\nAll edible things are food. \nAll fruits are edible.\nAll lemons are fruit.\nGrapes are not both edible and lemons.\nBananas are grasses or fruits. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Grass(x) \u2192 \u00acFood(x))\n\u2200x (Meadow(x) \u2192 Grass(x))\n\u2200x (Edible(x) \u2192 Food(x))\n\u2200x (Fruit(x) \u2192 Edible(x))\n\u2200x (Lemon(x) \u2192 Fruit(x))\n\u00ac(Edible(grape) \u2227 Lemon(grape))\nGrass(banana) \u2228 Fruit(banana)", "conclusion": "Grapes are not a food.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acFood(grape)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1394} +{"story_id": 479, "premises": "Grass is not food\nAll meadows are grass.\nAll edible things are food. \nAll fruits are edible.\nAll lemons are fruit.\nGrapes are not both edible and lemons.\nBananas are grasses or fruits. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Grass(x) \u2192 \u00acFood(x))\n\u2200x (Meadow(x) \u2192 Grass(x))\n\u2200x (Edible(x) \u2192 Food(x))\n\u2200x (Fruit(x) \u2192 Edible(x))\n\u2200x (Lemon(x) \u2192 Fruit(x))\n\u00ac(Edible(grape) \u2227 Lemon(grape))\nGrass(banana) \u2228 Fruit(banana)", "conclusion": "Bananas are both lemons and meadows.", "conclusion-FOL": "Lemon(banana) \u2227 Meadow(banana)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1395} +{"story_id": 479, "premises": "Grass is not food\nAll meadows are grass.\nAll edible things are food. \nAll fruits are edible.\nAll lemons are fruit.\nGrapes are not both edible and lemons.\nBananas are grasses or fruits. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Grass(x) \u2192 \u00acFood(x))\n\u2200x (Meadow(x) \u2192 Grass(x))\n\u2200x (Edible(x) \u2192 Food(x))\n\u2200x (Fruit(x) \u2192 Edible(x))\n\u2200x (Lemon(x) \u2192 Fruit(x))\n\u00ac(Edible(grape) \u2227 Lemon(grape))\nGrass(banana) \u2228 Fruit(banana)", "conclusion": "Bananas are not both a lemon and a meadow.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Lemon(banana) \u2227 Meadow(banana))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1396} +{"story_id": 21, "premises": "The Golden State Warriors are a team from San Francisco.\nThe Golden State Warriors won the NBA finals.\nAll teams attending the NBA finals have won many games.\nBoston Celtics are a team that lost the NBA finals.\nIf a team wins the NBA finals, then they will have more income.\nIf a team wins or loses at the NBA finals, then they are attending the finals.", "premises-FOL": "Team(goldenStateWarriors) \u2227 From(goldenStateWarriors, sanFrancisco)\nWon(goldenStateWarriors, nbaFinals)\n\u2200x ((Team(x) \u2227 Attending(x, nbaFinals)) \u2192 WonManyGames(x))\nTeam(bostonCeltics) \u2227 Lost(bostonCeltics, nbaFinals)\n\u2200x ((Team(x) \u2227 Won(x, nbaFinals)) \u2192 MoreIncome(x))\n\u2200x ((Won(x, nbaFinals) \u2228 Lost(x, nbaFinals)) \u2192 Attending(x, nbaFinals))", "conclusion": "The Boston Celtics are from San Francisco.", "conclusion-FOL": "From(bostonCeltics, sanFrancisco)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 60} +{"story_id": 21, "premises": "The Golden State Warriors are a team from San Francisco.\nThe Golden State Warriors won the NBA finals.\nAll teams attending the NBA finals have won many games.\nBoston Celtics are a team that lost the NBA finals.\nIf a team wins the NBA finals, then they will have more income.\nIf a team wins or loses at the NBA finals, then they are attending the finals.", "premises-FOL": "Team(goldenStateWarriors) \u2227 From(goldenStateWarriors, sanFrancisco)\nWon(goldenStateWarriors, nbaFinals)\n\u2200x ((Team(x) \u2227 Attending(x, nbaFinals)) \u2192 WonManyGames(x))\nTeam(bostonCeltics) \u2227 Lost(bostonCeltics, nbaFinals)\n\u2200x ((Team(x) \u2227 Won(x, nbaFinals)) \u2192 MoreIncome(x))\n\u2200x ((Won(x, nbaFinals) \u2228 Lost(x, nbaFinals)) \u2192 Attending(x, nbaFinals))", "conclusion": "The Boston Celtics have more than 30 years of experience.", "conclusion-FOL": "HasMoreThanThirtyYearsOfHistory(bostonCeltics)", "label": "True", "example_id": 61} +{"story_id": 21, "premises": "The Golden State Warriors are a team from San Francisco.\nThe Golden State Warriors won the NBA finals.\nAll teams attending the NBA finals have won many games.\nBoston Celtics are a team that lost the NBA finals.\nIf a team wins the NBA finals, then they will have more income.\nIf a team wins or loses at the NBA finals, then they are attending the finals.", "premises-FOL": "Team(goldenStateWarriors) \u2227 From(goldenStateWarriors, sanFrancisco)\nWon(goldenStateWarriors, nbaFinals)\n\u2200x ((Team(x) \u2227 Attending(x, nbaFinals)) \u2192 WonManyGames(x))\nTeam(bostonCeltics) \u2227 Lost(bostonCeltics, nbaFinals)\n\u2200x ((Team(x) \u2227 Won(x, nbaFinals)) \u2192 MoreIncome(x))\n\u2200x ((Won(x, nbaFinals) \u2228 Lost(x, nbaFinals)) \u2192 Attending(x, nbaFinals))", "conclusion": "The Golden State Warriors will have more income from gate receipts.", "conclusion-FOL": "MoreIncome(goldenStateWarriors)", "label": "True", "example_id": 62} +{"story_id": 218, "premises": "Maya would only play the violin if her fingers could never be injured. \nVolleyball players can injure their ankles, fingers, or shoulder.\nMaya is a volleyball player.", "premises-FOL": "Play(maya, violin) \u2192 \u00acCanInjure(maya, fingers)\n\u2200x (VolleyballPlayer(x) \u2192 (CanInjure(ankles) \u2227 CanInjure(fingers) \u2227 CanInjure(shoulder)))\nVolleyballPlayer(maya)", "conclusion": "Maya will not play the violin.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acPlay(maya, violin)", "label": "True", "example_id": 620} +{"story_id": 428, "premises": "All devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices with the company logo belong to the company. \nEach device either has the company logo or belongs to employees. \nAll of the devices belonging to employees can be connected to the company's wifi. \nAll of the devices connected to Google Home are controlled by managers. \nAll of the devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nAll of the devices that are easy to operate were produced after a new CTO is appointed. \nModelXX was not produced after a new CTO was appointed.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 BelongTo(x, company)) \u2192 ConnectTo(x, googleHome))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 With(x, companyLogo)) \u2192 BelongTo(x, company))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2192 (With(x, companyLogo) \u2295 BelongTo(x, employee)))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 BelongTo(x, employee)) \u2192 CanBeConnectedTo(x, wifi))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 ConnectTo(x, googleHome)) \u2192 ControlledBy(x, manager))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 CanBeConnectedTo(x, wifi)) \u2192 EasyToOperate(x))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 EasyToOperate(x)) \u2192 ProducedAfterNewCTOAppointed(x, company))\nDevices(modelXX) \u2227 (\u00acProducedAfterNewCTOAppointed(modelXX, company))", "conclusion": "ModelXX is controlled by managers.", "conclusion-FOL": "ControlledBy(x, manager)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1215} +{"story_id": 428, "premises": "All devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices with the company logo belong to the company. \nEach device either has the company logo or belongs to employees. \nAll of the devices belonging to employees can be connected to the company's wifi. \nAll of the devices connected to Google Home are controlled by managers. \nAll of the devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nAll of the devices that are easy to operate were produced after a new CTO is appointed. \nModelXX was not produced after a new CTO was appointed.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 BelongTo(x, company)) \u2192 ConnectTo(x, googleHome))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 With(x, companyLogo)) \u2192 BelongTo(x, company))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2192 (With(x, companyLogo) \u2295 BelongTo(x, employee)))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 BelongTo(x, employee)) \u2192 CanBeConnectedTo(x, wifi))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 ConnectTo(x, googleHome)) \u2192 ControlledBy(x, manager))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 CanBeConnectedTo(x, wifi)) \u2192 EasyToOperate(x))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 EasyToOperate(x)) \u2192 ProducedAfterNewCTOAppointed(x, company))\nDevices(modelXX) \u2227 (\u00acProducedAfterNewCTOAppointed(modelXX, company))", "conclusion": "ModelXX is either produced after a new CTO was appointed or it is controlled by managers.", "conclusion-FOL": "ProducedAfterNewCTOAppointed(modelXX, theCompany) \u2295 ControlledBy(x, manager)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1216} +{"story_id": 428, "premises": "All devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices with the company logo belong to the company. \nEach device either has the company logo or belongs to employees. \nAll of the devices belonging to employees can be connected to the company's wifi. \nAll of the devices connected to Google Home are controlled by managers. \nAll of the devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nAll of the devices that are easy to operate were produced after a new CTO is appointed. \nModelXX was not produced after a new CTO was appointed.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 BelongTo(x, company)) \u2192 ConnectTo(x, googleHome))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 With(x, companyLogo)) \u2192 BelongTo(x, company))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2192 (With(x, companyLogo) \u2295 BelongTo(x, employee)))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 BelongTo(x, employee)) \u2192 CanBeConnectedTo(x, wifi))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 ConnectTo(x, googleHome)) \u2192 ControlledBy(x, manager))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 CanBeConnectedTo(x, wifi)) \u2192 EasyToOperate(x))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 EasyToOperate(x)) \u2192 ProducedAfterNewCTOAppointed(x, company))\nDevices(modelXX) \u2227 (\u00acProducedAfterNewCTOAppointed(modelXX, company))", "conclusion": "ModelXX is not with the company logo, and managers do not control it.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acWith(modelXX, companyLogo) \u2227 (\u00acControlledBy(x, manager))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1217} +{"story_id": 428, "premises": "All devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices with the company logo belong to the company. \nEach device either has the company logo or belongs to employees. \nAll of the devices belonging to employees can be connected to the company's wifi. \nAll of the devices connected to Google Home are controlled by managers. \nAll of the devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nAll of the devices that are easy to operate were produced after a new CTO is appointed. \nModelXX was not produced after a new CTO was appointed.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 BelongTo(x, company)) \u2192 ConnectTo(x, googleHome))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 With(x, companyLogo)) \u2192 BelongTo(x, company))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2192 (With(x, companyLogo) \u2295 BelongTo(x, employee)))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 BelongTo(x, employee)) \u2192 CanBeConnectedTo(x, wifi))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 ConnectTo(x, googleHome)) \u2192 ControlledBy(x, manager))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 CanBeConnectedTo(x, wifi)) \u2192 EasyToOperate(x))\n\u2200x ((Devices(x) \u2227 EasyToOperate(x)) \u2192 ProducedAfterNewCTOAppointed(x, company))\nDevices(modelXX) \u2227 (\u00acProducedAfterNewCTOAppointed(modelXX, company))", "conclusion": "ModelXX is either with the company logo or controlled by managers.", "conclusion-FOL": "With(modelXX, companyLogo) \u2295 ControlledBy(x, manager)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1218} +{"story_id": 266, "premises": "All CD players are delicate mechanisms.\nNo delicate mechanisms are suitable toys for children.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (CDPlayer(x) \u2192 DelicateMechanism(x))\n\u2200x (DelicateMechanism(x) \u2192 \u00ac(Toy(x) \u2227 SuitableFor(x, children)))", "conclusion": "Some CD players are suitable toys for children.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (CDPlayer(x) \u2227 CDPlayer(y) \u2227 Toy(x) \u2227 Toy(y) \u2227 SuitableFor(x, children) \u2227 SuitableFor(y, children) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 710} +{"story_id": 347, "premises": "All mammals are living beings.\nAll elephants are mammals.\nAll baby elephants are elephants.\nSome baby elephants are sleepy.\nIf Jumbo is a living being, then Jumbo is not both an elephant and a mammal.\nIf Jumbo is sleepy, then Jumbo is either a baby elephant or a mammal.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Mammal(x) \u2192 LivingBeing(x)) \n\u2200x (Elephant(x) \u2192 Mammal(x))\n\u2200x (BabyElephant(x) \u2192 Elephant(x))\n\u2203x (BabyElephant(x) \u2227 Sleepy(x))\nLivingBeing(jumbo) \u2192 \u00ac(Elephant(jumbo) \u2227 Mammal(jumbo))\nSleepy(jumbo) \u2192 BabyElephant(jumbo) \u2295 Mammal(jumbo)", "conclusion": "Jumbo is sleepy.", "conclusion-FOL": "Sleepy(jumbo)", "label": "False", "example_id": 916} +{"story_id": 347, "premises": "All mammals are living beings.\nAll elephants are mammals.\nAll baby elephants are elephants.\nSome baby elephants are sleepy.\nIf Jumbo is a living being, then Jumbo is not both an elephant and a mammal.\nIf Jumbo is sleepy, then Jumbo is either a baby elephant or a mammal.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Mammal(x) \u2192 LivingBeing(x)) \n\u2200x (Elephant(x) \u2192 Mammal(x))\n\u2200x (BabyElephant(x) \u2192 Elephant(x))\n\u2203x (BabyElephant(x) \u2227 Sleepy(x))\nLivingBeing(jumbo) \u2192 \u00ac(Elephant(jumbo) \u2227 Mammal(jumbo))\nSleepy(jumbo) \u2192 BabyElephant(jumbo) \u2295 Mammal(jumbo)", "conclusion": "Jumbo is not sleepy.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acSleepy(jumbo)", "label": "True", "example_id": 917} +{"story_id": 347, "premises": "All mammals are living beings.\nAll elephants are mammals.\nAll baby elephants are elephants.\nSome baby elephants are sleepy.\nIf Jumbo is a living being, then Jumbo is not both an elephant and a mammal.\nIf Jumbo is sleepy, then Jumbo is either a baby elephant or a mammal.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Mammal(x) \u2192 LivingBeing(x)) \n\u2200x (Elephant(x) \u2192 Mammal(x))\n\u2200x (BabyElephant(x) \u2192 Elephant(x))\n\u2203x (BabyElephant(x) \u2227 Sleepy(x))\nLivingBeing(jumbo) \u2192 \u00ac(Elephant(jumbo) \u2227 Mammal(jumbo))\nSleepy(jumbo) \u2192 BabyElephant(jumbo) \u2295 Mammal(jumbo)", "conclusion": "Jumbo is a living being.", "conclusion-FOL": "LivingBeing(jumbo)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 918} +{"story_id": 347, "premises": "All mammals are living beings.\nAll elephants are mammals.\nAll baby elephants are elephants.\nSome baby elephants are sleepy.\nIf Jumbo is a living being, then Jumbo is not both an elephant and a mammal.\nIf Jumbo is sleepy, then Jumbo is either a baby elephant or a mammal.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Mammal(x) \u2192 LivingBeing(x)) \n\u2200x (Elephant(x) \u2192 Mammal(x))\n\u2200x (BabyElephant(x) \u2192 Elephant(x))\n\u2203x (BabyElephant(x) \u2227 Sleepy(x))\nLivingBeing(jumbo) \u2192 \u00ac(Elephant(jumbo) \u2227 Mammal(jumbo))\nSleepy(jumbo) \u2192 BabyElephant(jumbo) \u2295 Mammal(jumbo)", "conclusion": "Jumbo is neither sleepy nor a baby elephant.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acSleepy(jumbo) \u2227 \u00acBabyElephant(jumbo))", "label": "True", "example_id": 919} +{"story_id": 347, "premises": "All mammals are living beings.\nAll elephants are mammals.\nAll baby elephants are elephants.\nSome baby elephants are sleepy.\nIf Jumbo is a living being, then Jumbo is not both an elephant and a mammal.\nIf Jumbo is sleepy, then Jumbo is either a baby elephant or a mammal.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Mammal(x) \u2192 LivingBeing(x)) \n\u2200x (Elephant(x) \u2192 Mammal(x))\n\u2200x (BabyElephant(x) \u2192 Elephant(x))\n\u2203x (BabyElephant(x) \u2227 Sleepy(x))\nLivingBeing(jumbo) \u2192 \u00ac(Elephant(jumbo) \u2227 Mammal(jumbo))\nSleepy(jumbo) \u2192 BabyElephant(jumbo) \u2295 Mammal(jumbo)", "conclusion": "Jumbo is not sleepy or an elephant.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Sleepy(jumbo) \u2295 Elephant(jumbo))", "label": "True", "example_id": 920} +{"story_id": 447, "premises": "No planet in the solar system relies on nuclear fusion to generate light.\nAll stars in the solar system rely on nuclear fusion to generate light. \nAll celestial bodies in the solar systems that have greater than 0.08 solar masses are stars. \nIf a celestial body in the solar system has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity, then it is a planet.\nIf Europa is a celestial body in the solar system that has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity or relies on nuclear fusion to generate light, then Europa is a celestial body in the solar system. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Planet(x) \u2227 In(x, solarSystem) \u2192 \u00acRelyOnToGenerate(x, nuclearFusion, light))\n\u2200x (Star(x) \u2227 In(x, solarSystem) \u2192 RelyOnToGenerate(x, nuclearFusion, light))\n\u2200x (CelestialBody(x) \u2227 In(x, solarSystem) \u2227 GreaterThan(x, solarMass, 0point08) \u2192 Star(x))\n\u2200x (CelestialBody(x) \u2227 In(x, solarSystem) \u2227 (\u2203y (OrbitOf(y, x) \u2227 Clear(x, y) \u2227 DebrisFree(y))) \u2227 NearlySphericalShape(x, gravity) \u2192 Planet(x))\n(CelestialBody(europa) \u2227 In(europa, solarSystem) \u2227 (\u2203y (OrbitOf(y, x) \u2227 Clear(x, y) \u2227 DebrisFree(y))) \u2227 NearlySphericalShape(europa, gravity)) \u2228 RelyOnToGenerate(europa, nuclearFusion, light) \u2192 CelestialBody(europa) \u2227 In(europa, solarSystem)", "conclusion": "Europa is a celestial body in the solar system has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity.", "conclusion-FOL": "CelestialBody(europa) \u2227 In(europa, solarSystem) \u2227 (\u2203y (OrbitOf(y, x) \u2227 Clear(x, y) \u2227 DebrisFree(y))) \u2227 NearlySphericalShape(europa, gravity)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1286} +{"story_id": 447, "premises": "No planet in the solar system relies on nuclear fusion to generate light.\nAll stars in the solar system rely on nuclear fusion to generate light. \nAll celestial bodies in the solar systems that have greater than 0.08 solar masses are stars. \nIf a celestial body in the solar system has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity, then it is a planet.\nIf Europa is a celestial body in the solar system that has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity or relies on nuclear fusion to generate light, then Europa is a celestial body in the solar system. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Planet(x) \u2227 In(x, solarSystem) \u2192 \u00acRelyOnToGenerate(x, nuclearFusion, light))\n\u2200x (Star(x) \u2227 In(x, solarSystem) \u2192 RelyOnToGenerate(x, nuclearFusion, light))\n\u2200x (CelestialBody(x) \u2227 In(x, solarSystem) \u2227 GreaterThan(x, solarMass, 0point08) \u2192 Star(x))\n\u2200x (CelestialBody(x) \u2227 In(x, solarSystem) \u2227 (\u2203y (OrbitOf(y, x) \u2227 Clear(x, y) \u2227 DebrisFree(y))) \u2227 NearlySphericalShape(x, gravity) \u2192 Planet(x))\n(CelestialBody(europa) \u2227 In(europa, solarSystem) \u2227 (\u2203y (OrbitOf(y, x) \u2227 Clear(x, y) \u2227 DebrisFree(y))) \u2227 NearlySphericalShape(europa, gravity)) \u2228 RelyOnToGenerate(europa, nuclearFusion, light) \u2192 CelestialBody(europa) \u2227 In(europa, solarSystem)", "conclusion": "Europa is a celestial body in one of the solar systems that have greater than 0.08 solar masses.", "conclusion-FOL": "CelestialBody(europa) \u2227 In(europa, solarSystem) \u2227 GreaterThan(europa, solarMass, 0.08)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1287} +{"story_id": 447, "premises": "No planet in the solar system relies on nuclear fusion to generate light.\nAll stars in the solar system rely on nuclear fusion to generate light. \nAll celestial bodies in the solar systems that have greater than 0.08 solar masses are stars. \nIf a celestial body in the solar system has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity, then it is a planet.\nIf Europa is a celestial body in the solar system that has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity or relies on nuclear fusion to generate light, then Europa is a celestial body in the solar system. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Planet(x) \u2227 In(x, solarSystem) \u2192 \u00acRelyOnToGenerate(x, nuclearFusion, light))\n\u2200x (Star(x) \u2227 In(x, solarSystem) \u2192 RelyOnToGenerate(x, nuclearFusion, light))\n\u2200x (CelestialBody(x) \u2227 In(x, solarSystem) \u2227 GreaterThan(x, solarMass, 0point08) \u2192 Star(x))\n\u2200x (CelestialBody(x) \u2227 In(x, solarSystem) \u2227 (\u2203y (OrbitOf(y, x) \u2227 Clear(x, y) \u2227 DebrisFree(y))) \u2227 NearlySphericalShape(x, gravity) \u2192 Planet(x))\n(CelestialBody(europa) \u2227 In(europa, solarSystem) \u2227 (\u2203y (OrbitOf(y, x) \u2227 Clear(x, y) \u2227 DebrisFree(y))) \u2227 NearlySphericalShape(europa, gravity)) \u2228 RelyOnToGenerate(europa, nuclearFusion, light) \u2192 CelestialBody(europa) \u2227 In(europa, solarSystem)", "conclusion": "Europa is not a celestial body in one of the solar systems that have greater than 0.08 solar masses.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(CelestialBody(europa) \u2227 In(europa, solarSystem) \u2227 GreaterThan(europa, solarMass, 0.08))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1288} +{"story_id": 353, "premises": "If Max listens to music, he either listens to classical music or rap.\nAll the classical songs that Max listens to are from the 12th century. \nIf Max is listening to a rap song, then the song is by Kanye West. \nAll songs by Kanye West are full of lyrics. \nAll songs that are full of lyrics need to be written with words\nIt is not true that \u201cAs it was\u201d by Harry Styles is classical music that Max listens to and is from the 12th century.\nMax listens to \"As it was\" by Harry Styles.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MaxListenTo(x) \u2192 (ClassicalMusic(x) \u2295 Rap(x)))\n\u2200x (MaxListenTo(x) \u2227 ClassicalMusic(x) \u2192 Song(x) \u2227 From(x, 12thCentury))\n\u2200x (MaxListenTo(x) \u2227 Rap(x) \u2192 Song(x) \u2227 By(x, kanyeWest))\n\u2200x (Song(x) \u2227 By(x, kanyeWest) \u2192 Song(x) \u2227 FullOfLyrics(x))\n\u2200x (Song(x) \u2227 FullOfLyrics(x) \u2192 NeedToBeWrittenWith(x, words))\n\u00ac(ClassicalMusic(asItWasByHarryStyles) \u2227 Song(asItWasByHarryStyles) \u2227 From(asItWasByHarryStyles, 12thCentury))\nMaxListenTo(asItWasByHarryStyles)", "conclusion": "\u201cAs it was\u201d by Harry Styles needs to be written with words.", "conclusion-FOL": "NeedToBeWrittenWith(asItWasByHarryStyles, words)", "label": "True", "example_id": 936} +{"story_id": 353, "premises": "If Max listens to music, he either listens to classical music or rap.\nAll the classical songs that Max listens to are from the 12th century. \nIf Max is listening to a rap song, then the song is by Kanye West. \nAll songs by Kanye West are full of lyrics. \nAll songs that are full of lyrics need to be written with words\nIt is not true that \u201cAs it was\u201d by Harry Styles is classical music that Max listens to and is from the 12th century.\nMax listens to \"As it was\" by Harry Styles.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MaxListenTo(x) \u2192 (ClassicalMusic(x) \u2295 Rap(x)))\n\u2200x (MaxListenTo(x) \u2227 ClassicalMusic(x) \u2192 Song(x) \u2227 From(x, 12thCentury))\n\u2200x (MaxListenTo(x) \u2227 Rap(x) \u2192 Song(x) \u2227 By(x, kanyeWest))\n\u2200x (Song(x) \u2227 By(x, kanyeWest) \u2192 Song(x) \u2227 FullOfLyrics(x))\n\u2200x (Song(x) \u2227 FullOfLyrics(x) \u2192 NeedToBeWrittenWith(x, words))\n\u00ac(ClassicalMusic(asItWasByHarryStyles) \u2227 Song(asItWasByHarryStyles) \u2227 From(asItWasByHarryStyles, 12thCentury))\nMaxListenTo(asItWasByHarryStyles)", "conclusion": "\"As it was\u201d by Harry Styles is a song from the 12th century.", "conclusion-FOL": "Song(asItWasByHarryStyles) \u2227 From(asItWasByHarryStyles, 12thCentury)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 937} +{"story_id": 353, "premises": "If Max listens to music, he either listens to classical music or rap.\nAll the classical songs that Max listens to are from the 12th century. \nIf Max is listening to a rap song, then the song is by Kanye West. \nAll songs by Kanye West are full of lyrics. \nAll songs that are full of lyrics need to be written with words\nIt is not true that \u201cAs it was\u201d by Harry Styles is classical music that Max listens to and is from the 12th century.\nMax listens to \"As it was\" by Harry Styles.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MaxListenTo(x) \u2192 (ClassicalMusic(x) \u2295 Rap(x)))\n\u2200x (MaxListenTo(x) \u2227 ClassicalMusic(x) \u2192 Song(x) \u2227 From(x, 12thCentury))\n\u2200x (MaxListenTo(x) \u2227 Rap(x) \u2192 Song(x) \u2227 By(x, kanyeWest))\n\u2200x (Song(x) \u2227 By(x, kanyeWest) \u2192 Song(x) \u2227 FullOfLyrics(x))\n\u2200x (Song(x) \u2227 FullOfLyrics(x) \u2192 NeedToBeWrittenWith(x, words))\n\u00ac(ClassicalMusic(asItWasByHarryStyles) \u2227 Song(asItWasByHarryStyles) \u2227 From(asItWasByHarryStyles, 12thCentury))\nMaxListenTo(asItWasByHarryStyles)", "conclusion": "\"As it was\u201d by Harry Styles is not both a song from Kanye West and needed to be written with words.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Song(asItWasByHarryStyles) \u2227 By(asItWasByHarryStyles, kanyeWest) \u2227 NeedToBeWrittenWith(asItWasByHarryStyles, words))", "label": "False", "example_id": 938} +{"story_id": 39, "premises": "\"Your Woman\" is a song by the British one-person band White Town.\n\"Your Woman\" song peaked at No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart.\nIf a song peaked at No.1 at a particular place, it was extremely popular.\n\"Your Woman\" peaked at No. 1 in Iceland, Israel, and Spain.", "premises-FOL": "Produce(whiteTown, yourWoman) \u2227 OnePersonBand(whiteTown)\nPeak(yourWoman, uKSinglesChart)\n\u2200x ((\u2203y(Peak(x, y))) \u2192 Popular(x))\nPeak(yourWoman, iceland) \u2227 Peak(yourWoman, israel) \u2227 Peak(yourWoman, spain)", "conclusion": "\"Your Woman\" was extremely popular.", "conclusion-FOL": "Popular(yourWoman)", "label": "True", "example_id": 113} +{"story_id": 39, "premises": "\"Your Woman\" is a song by the British one-person band White Town.\n\"Your Woman\" song peaked at No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart.\nIf a song peaked at No.1 at a particular place, it was extremely popular.\n\"Your Woman\" peaked at No. 1 in Iceland, Israel, and Spain.", "premises-FOL": "Produce(whiteTown, yourWoman) \u2227 OnePersonBand(whiteTown)\nPeak(yourWoman, uKSinglesChart)\n\u2200x ((\u2203y(Peak(x, y))) \u2192 Popular(x))\nPeak(yourWoman, iceland) \u2227 Peak(yourWoman, israel) \u2227 Peak(yourWoman, spain)", "conclusion": "White Town did not produce any popular songs.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Produce(whiteTown, x) \u2192 \u00acPopular(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 114} +{"story_id": 39, "premises": "\"Your Woman\" is a song by the British one-person band White Town.\n\"Your Woman\" song peaked at No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart.\nIf a song peaked at No.1 at a particular place, it was extremely popular.\n\"Your Woman\" peaked at No. 1 in Iceland, Israel, and Spain.", "premises-FOL": "Produce(whiteTown, yourWoman) \u2227 OnePersonBand(whiteTown)\nPeak(yourWoman, uKSinglesChart)\n\u2200x ((\u2203y(Peak(x, y))) \u2192 Popular(x))\nPeak(yourWoman, iceland) \u2227 Peak(yourWoman, israel) \u2227 Peak(yourWoman, spain)", "conclusion": "White Town was a successful band.", "conclusion-FOL": "Successful(whiteTown)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 115} +{"story_id": 374, "premises": "\nAll functions that represent straight lines on the coordinate plane are linear functions. \nNo linear functions are non-convex functions.\nA function is either a non-convex fuction or a convex function.\nAll quasi-convex functions are real-valued functions.\nAll convex functions are quasi-convex functions. \nThe maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function.\nThe maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function that represents straight lines on the coordinate plane or it is a convex function or it is not a non-convex function.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Function(x) \u2227 RepresentOn(x, straightLine, coordinatePlane) \u2192 LinearFunction(x))\n\u2200x (LinearFunction(x) \u2192 \u00acNonConvexFunction(x))\n\u2200x (Function(x) \u2192 NonConvexFunction(x) \u2295 ConvexFunction(x))\n\u2200x (QuasiConvexFunction(x) \u2192 RealValuedFunction(x))\n\u2200x (ConvexFunction(x) \u2192 QuasiConvexFunction(x))\nFunction(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction)\n(Function(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction) \u2227 RepresentOn(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction, straightLine, coordinatePlane)) \u2228 ConvexFunction(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction) \u2228 \u00acNonConvexFunction(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction)", "conclusion": "The maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function that represent straight lines on the coordinate plane.", "conclusion-FOL": "Function(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction) \u2227 RepresentOn(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction, straightLine, coordinatePlane)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 996} +{"story_id": 374, "premises": "\nAll functions that represent straight lines on the coordinate plane are linear functions. \nNo linear functions are non-convex functions.\nA function is either a non-convex fuction or a convex function.\nAll quasi-convex functions are real-valued functions.\nAll convex functions are quasi-convex functions. \nThe maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function.\nThe maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function that represents straight lines on the coordinate plane or it is a convex function or it is not a non-convex function.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Function(x) \u2227 RepresentOn(x, straightLine, coordinatePlane) \u2192 LinearFunction(x))\n\u2200x (LinearFunction(x) \u2192 \u00acNonConvexFunction(x))\n\u2200x (Function(x) \u2192 NonConvexFunction(x) \u2295 ConvexFunction(x))\n\u2200x (QuasiConvexFunction(x) \u2192 RealValuedFunction(x))\n\u2200x (ConvexFunction(x) \u2192 QuasiConvexFunction(x))\nFunction(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction)\n(Function(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction) \u2227 RepresentOn(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction, straightLine, coordinatePlane)) \u2228 ConvexFunction(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction) \u2228 \u00acNonConvexFunction(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction)", "conclusion": "The maximum of quasiconvex functions is not a real-valued function.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acRealValuedFunction(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction)", "label": "False", "example_id": 997} +{"story_id": 374, "premises": "\nAll functions that represent straight lines on the coordinate plane are linear functions. \nNo linear functions are non-convex functions.\nA function is either a non-convex fuction or a convex function.\nAll quasi-convex functions are real-valued functions.\nAll convex functions are quasi-convex functions. \nThe maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function.\nThe maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function that represents straight lines on the coordinate plane or it is a convex function or it is not a non-convex function.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Function(x) \u2227 RepresentOn(x, straightLine, coordinatePlane) \u2192 LinearFunction(x))\n\u2200x (LinearFunction(x) \u2192 \u00acNonConvexFunction(x))\n\u2200x (Function(x) \u2192 NonConvexFunction(x) \u2295 ConvexFunction(x))\n\u2200x (QuasiConvexFunction(x) \u2192 RealValuedFunction(x))\n\u2200x (ConvexFunction(x) \u2192 QuasiConvexFunction(x))\nFunction(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction)\n(Function(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction) \u2227 RepresentOn(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction, straightLine, coordinatePlane)) \u2228 ConvexFunction(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction) \u2228 \u00acNonConvexFunction(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction)", "conclusion": "The maximum of quasiconvex functions is a quasi-convex function or it is not a real-valued function.", "conclusion-FOL": "QuasiConvexFunction(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction) \u2228 \u00acRealValuedFunction(maximumOfQuasiConvexFunction)", "label": "True", "example_id": 998} +{"story_id": 188, "premises": "If two soccer teams score the same number of goals in one UCL final during the regular time, they need to play for the extra time.\nIf two soccer teams score the same number of goals in one UCL final during both regular and extra time, they need to play the penalty shoot-out.\nReal Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid both scored one goal in the 2016 UCL final during the regular time.\nReal Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid both scored zero goals in the 2016 UCL final during the extra time.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200w \u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (SoccerTeam(x) \u2227 SoccerTeam(y) \u2227 NumberOfGoalScored(x, z) \u2227 NumberOfGoalScored(y, w) \u2227 y=w \u2227 During(regularTime) \u2192 PlayExtra(x, y))\n\u2200x \u2200y (SoccerTeam(x) \u2227 SoccerTeam(y) \u2227 SameScore(x, y) \u2227 During(regularTime) \u2227 During(extraTime) \u2192 PlayPenalty(x, y))\nSoccerTeam(realMadrid) \u2227 SoccerTeam(atleticoMadrid) \u2227 SameScore(realMadrid, atleticoMadrid) \u2227 During(regularTime)\nSoccerTeam(realMadrid) \u2227 SoccerTeam(atleticoMadrid) \u2227 SameScore(realMadrid, atleticoMadrid) \u2227 During(extraTime)", "conclusion": "Real Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid needed to play a penalty shoot-out in the 2016 UCL final.", "conclusion-FOL": "PlayPenalty(realMadrid, atleticoMadrid)", "label": "True", "example_id": 540} +{"story_id": 188, "premises": "If two soccer teams score the same number of goals in one UCL final during the regular time, they need to play for the extra time.\nIf two soccer teams score the same number of goals in one UCL final during both regular and extra time, they need to play the penalty shoot-out.\nReal Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid both scored one goal in the 2016 UCL final during the regular time.\nReal Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid both scored zero goals in the 2016 UCL final during the extra time.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200w \u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (SoccerTeam(x) \u2227 SoccerTeam(y) \u2227 NumberOfGoalScored(x, z) \u2227 NumberOfGoalScored(y, w) \u2227 y=w \u2227 During(regularTime) \u2192 PlayExtra(x, y))\n\u2200x \u2200y (SoccerTeam(x) \u2227 SoccerTeam(y) \u2227 SameScore(x, y) \u2227 During(regularTime) \u2227 During(extraTime) \u2192 PlayPenalty(x, y))\nSoccerTeam(realMadrid) \u2227 SoccerTeam(atleticoMadrid) \u2227 SameScore(realMadrid, atleticoMadrid) \u2227 During(regularTime)\nSoccerTeam(realMadrid) \u2227 SoccerTeam(atleticoMadrid) \u2227 SameScore(realMadrid, atleticoMadrid) \u2227 During(extraTime)", "conclusion": "Real Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid did not need to play a penalty shoot-out in the 2016 UCL final.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acPlayPenalty(realMadrid, atleticoMadrid)", "label": "False", "example_id": 541} +{"story_id": 13, "premises": "System 7 is a UK-based electronic dance music band.\nSteve Hillage and Miquette Giraudy formed System 7.\nSteve Hillage and Miquette Giraudy are former members of the band Gong.\nElectric dance music bands are bands.\nSystem 7 has released several club singles.\nClub singles are not singles.", "premises-FOL": "BasedIn(system7, uk) \u2227 ElectronicDanceMusicBand(system7)\nForm(stevehillage, system7) \u2227 Form(miquettegiraudy, system7)\nFormerMemberOf(stevehillage, gong) \u2227 FormerMemberOf(miquettegiraudy, gong)\n\u2200x (ElectronicDanceMusicBand(x) \u2192 Band(x))\n\u2203x (ClubSingle(x) \u2227 Release(system7, x))\n\u2200x (ClubSingle(x) \u2192 \u00acSingle(x))", "conclusion": "System 7 was formed by former members of Gong.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Form(x, system7) \u2227 FormerMemberOf(x, gong))", "label": "True", "example_id": 35} +{"story_id": 13, "premises": "System 7 is a UK-based electronic dance music band.\nSteve Hillage and Miquette Giraudy formed System 7.\nSteve Hillage and Miquette Giraudy are former members of the band Gong.\nElectric dance music bands are bands.\nSystem 7 has released several club singles.\nClub singles are not singles.", "premises-FOL": "BasedIn(system7, uk) \u2227 ElectronicDanceMusicBand(system7)\nForm(stevehillage, system7) \u2227 Form(miquettegiraudy, system7)\nFormerMemberOf(stevehillage, gong) \u2227 FormerMemberOf(miquettegiraudy, gong)\n\u2200x (ElectronicDanceMusicBand(x) \u2192 Band(x))\n\u2203x (ClubSingle(x) \u2227 Release(system7, x))\n\u2200x (ClubSingle(x) \u2192 \u00acSingle(x))", "conclusion": "System 7 has released several singles.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Single(x) \u2227 Release(system7, x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 36} +{"story_id": 13, "premises": "System 7 is a UK-based electronic dance music band.\nSteve Hillage and Miquette Giraudy formed System 7.\nSteve Hillage and Miquette Giraudy are former members of the band Gong.\nElectric dance music bands are bands.\nSystem 7 has released several club singles.\nClub singles are not singles.", "premises-FOL": "BasedIn(system7, uk) \u2227 ElectronicDanceMusicBand(system7)\nForm(stevehillage, system7) \u2227 Form(miquettegiraudy, system7)\nFormerMemberOf(stevehillage, gong) \u2227 FormerMemberOf(miquettegiraudy, gong)\n\u2200x (ElectronicDanceMusicBand(x) \u2192 Band(x))\n\u2203x (ClubSingle(x) \u2227 Release(system7, x))\n\u2200x (ClubSingle(x) \u2192 \u00acSingle(x))", "conclusion": "System 7 is not a band.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acBand(system7)", "label": "False", "example_id": 37} +{"story_id": 189, "premises": "A summarization model is always faithful if it uses content from the input documents.\nExtractive models are summarization models.\nAn extractive model can only use content from the input documents.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Model(x) \u2227 Summarization(x) \u2227 OnlyUseInputDocument(x) \u2192 Faithful(x))\n\u2200x (Model(x) \u2227 Extractive(x) \u2192 Model(x) \u2227 Summarization(x))\n\u2200x (Model(x) \u2227 Extractive(x) \u2192 OnlyUseInputDocument(x))", "conclusion": "Extractive models are always faithful.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Model(x) \u2227 Extractive(x) \u2192 Faithful(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 542} +{"story_id": 189, "premises": "A summarization model is always faithful if it uses content from the input documents.\nExtractive models are summarization models.\nAn extractive model can only use content from the input documents.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Model(x) \u2227 Summarization(x) \u2227 OnlyUseInputDocument(x) \u2192 Faithful(x))\n\u2200x (Model(x) \u2227 Extractive(x) \u2192 Model(x) \u2227 Summarization(x))\n\u2200x (Model(x) \u2227 Extractive(x) \u2192 OnlyUseInputDocument(x))", "conclusion": "Extractive models are not always faithful.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Model(x) \u2227 Extractive(x) \u2227 \u00acFaithful(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 543} +{"story_id": 370, "premises": "If Robin's friends practice coding questions, then they are not studying to go to medical school to become a doctor.\nIf Robin's friends want to work in the software engineering industry, then they practice coding questions.\nIf Robin's friends enjoy healthcare fields and want to help people with medical issues, then they are studying to go to medical school to become a doctor.\nIf Robin's friends grew up with parents who worked as doctors, then they enjoy healthcare fields and want to help people with medical issues.\nIf Robin's friends study hard, then they grew up with parents who worked as doctors.\nMark is Robin's friend.\nIf Mark neither enjoys healthcare fields and wants to help people with medical issues nor grew up with parents who worked as doctors, then Mark is either a person who studies hard or grew up with parents who worked as doctors.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 Practice(x, codingQuestion) \u2192 \u00acStudyingToGoToToBecome(x, medicalSchool, doctor))\n\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 WantToWorkIn(x, softwareEngineeringIndustry) \u2192 PracticeCodingQuestions(x))\n\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, healthcareField) \u2227 WantToHelp(x, peopleWithMedicalIssue) \u2192 StudyingToGoToToBecome(x, medicalSchool, doctor))\n\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 ParentOf(z, x) \u2227 Doctor(y) \u2227 Doctor(z))) \u2192 EnjoyHealthcareFields(x) \u2227 WantToHelp(x, peopleWithMedicalIssue))\n\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 StudyHard(x) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 ParentOf(z, x) \u2227 Doctor(y) \u2227 Doctor(z)))\nRobinsFriends(mark)\n\u00ac((Enjoy(x, healthcareField) \u2227 WantToHelp(mark, peopleWithMedicalIssues)) \u2227 \u00ac(\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 ParentOf(z, x) \u2227 Doctor(y) \u2227 Doctor(z))) \u2192 StudyHard(mark) \u2228 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 ParentOf(z, x) \u2227 Doctor(y) \u2227 Doctor(z)))", "conclusion": "Mark is Robin's friend and he is a person who studies hard.", "conclusion-FOL": "RobinsFriends(mark) \u2227 StudyHard(mark)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 984} +{"story_id": 370, "premises": "If Robin's friends practice coding questions, then they are not studying to go to medical school to become a doctor.\nIf Robin's friends want to work in the software engineering industry, then they practice coding questions.\nIf Robin's friends enjoy healthcare fields and want to help people with medical issues, then they are studying to go to medical school to become a doctor.\nIf Robin's friends grew up with parents who worked as doctors, then they enjoy healthcare fields and want to help people with medical issues.\nIf Robin's friends study hard, then they grew up with parents who worked as doctors.\nMark is Robin's friend.\nIf Mark neither enjoys healthcare fields and wants to help people with medical issues nor grew up with parents who worked as doctors, then Mark is either a person who studies hard or grew up with parents who worked as doctors.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 Practice(x, codingQuestion) \u2192 \u00acStudyingToGoToToBecome(x, medicalSchool, doctor))\n\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 WantToWorkIn(x, softwareEngineeringIndustry) \u2192 PracticeCodingQuestions(x))\n\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, healthcareField) \u2227 WantToHelp(x, peopleWithMedicalIssue) \u2192 StudyingToGoToToBecome(x, medicalSchool, doctor))\n\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 ParentOf(z, x) \u2227 Doctor(y) \u2227 Doctor(z))) \u2192 EnjoyHealthcareFields(x) \u2227 WantToHelp(x, peopleWithMedicalIssue))\n\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 StudyHard(x) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 ParentOf(z, x) \u2227 Doctor(y) \u2227 Doctor(z)))\nRobinsFriends(mark)\n\u00ac((Enjoy(x, healthcareField) \u2227 WantToHelp(mark, peopleWithMedicalIssues)) \u2227 \u00ac(\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 ParentOf(z, x) \u2227 Doctor(y) \u2227 Doctor(z))) \u2192 StudyHard(mark) \u2228 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 ParentOf(z, x) \u2227 Doctor(y) \u2227 Doctor(z)))", "conclusion": "Mark is Robin's friend and he practices coding questions and wants to work in the software engineering industry.", "conclusion-FOL": "RobinsFriends(mark) \u2227 Practice(mark, codingQuestion) \u2227 WantToWorkIn(mark, softwareEngineeringIndustry)", "label": "False", "example_id": 985} +{"story_id": 370, "premises": "If Robin's friends practice coding questions, then they are not studying to go to medical school to become a doctor.\nIf Robin's friends want to work in the software engineering industry, then they practice coding questions.\nIf Robin's friends enjoy healthcare fields and want to help people with medical issues, then they are studying to go to medical school to become a doctor.\nIf Robin's friends grew up with parents who worked as doctors, then they enjoy healthcare fields and want to help people with medical issues.\nIf Robin's friends study hard, then they grew up with parents who worked as doctors.\nMark is Robin's friend.\nIf Mark neither enjoys healthcare fields and wants to help people with medical issues nor grew up with parents who worked as doctors, then Mark is either a person who studies hard or grew up with parents who worked as doctors.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 Practice(x, codingQuestion) \u2192 \u00acStudyingToGoToToBecome(x, medicalSchool, doctor))\n\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 WantToWorkIn(x, softwareEngineeringIndustry) \u2192 PracticeCodingQuestions(x))\n\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 Enjoy(x, healthcareField) \u2227 WantToHelp(x, peopleWithMedicalIssue) \u2192 StudyingToGoToToBecome(x, medicalSchool, doctor))\n\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 ParentOf(z, x) \u2227 Doctor(y) \u2227 Doctor(z))) \u2192 EnjoyHealthcareFields(x) \u2227 WantToHelp(x, peopleWithMedicalIssue))\n\u2200x (RobinsFriends(x) \u2227 StudyHard(x) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 ParentOf(z, x) \u2227 Doctor(y) \u2227 Doctor(z)))\nRobinsFriends(mark)\n\u00ac((Enjoy(x, healthcareField) \u2227 WantToHelp(mark, peopleWithMedicalIssues)) \u2227 \u00ac(\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 ParentOf(z, x) \u2227 Doctor(y) \u2227 Doctor(z))) \u2192 StudyHard(mark) \u2228 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 ParentOf(z, x) \u2227 Doctor(y) \u2227 Doctor(z)))", "conclusion": "Mark is Robin's friend and he neither practices coding questions nor works to work in the software engineering industry.", "conclusion-FOL": "RobinsFriends(mark) \u2227 \u00ac(Practice(mark, codingQuestion) \u2228 WantToWorkIn(mark, softwareEngineeringIndustry))", "label": "True", "example_id": 986} +{"story_id": 383, "premises": "People who work at Jess's company and go to the spa frequently are not people who are miserly and need to save a large portion of their income.\nPeople who work at Jess's company are either miserly and need to save a large portion of their income, or frivolously spend a lot of money.\nIf people who work at Jess's company frivolously spend a lot of money when they go out, then they value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nIf people who work at Jess's company value quality manufacturing and luxury items, then they enjoy shopping for materialistic items in their free time.\nThomas works at Jess's company.\nIf Thomas is not miserly and needs to save a large portion of his income, then Thomas does not value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nThomas values quality manufacturing and luxury items or he is not miserly.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkAt(x, jesssCompany) \u2227 GoToSpafrequently(x) \u2192 \u00ac(Miserly(x) \u2227 NeedToSave(x, aLargePortionOfIncome)))\n\u2200x (WorkAt(x, jesssCompany) \u2192 Miserly(x) \u2227 NeedToSave(x, aLargePortionOfIncome)\u2295 SpendFrivolously(x, aLotOfMoney))\n\u2200x (WorkAt(x, jesssCompany) \u2227 SpendFrivolously(x, aLotOfMoney) \u2192 Value(x, qualityManufacturing) \u2227 Value(x, luxuryItem))\n\u2200x (WorkAt(x, jesssCompany) \u2227 Value(x, qualityManufacturing) \u2227 Value(x, luxuryItem) \u2192 Enjoy(x, shopping, materialisticItem))\nWorkAt(thomas, jesssCompany)\n\u00ac(Miserly(thomas) \u2227 NeedToSave(thomas, aLargePortionOfIncome)) \u2192 \u00ac((Value(thomas, qualityManufacturing) \u2227 Value(thomas, luxuryItem)))\n(Value(thomas, qualityManufacturing) \u2227 Value(thomas, luxuryItem)) \u2228 \u00ac(Miserly(x) \u2227 NeedToSave(x, aLargePortionOfIncome))", "conclusion": "Thomas frivolously spends a lot of money.", "conclusion-FOL": "SpendFrivolously(thomas, aLotOfMoney)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1023} +{"story_id": 383, "premises": "People who work at Jess's company and go to the spa frequently are not people who are miserly and need to save a large portion of their income.\nPeople who work at Jess's company are either miserly and need to save a large portion of their income, or frivolously spend a lot of money.\nIf people who work at Jess's company frivolously spend a lot of money when they go out, then they value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nIf people who work at Jess's company value quality manufacturing and luxury items, then they enjoy shopping for materialistic items in their free time.\nThomas works at Jess's company.\nIf Thomas is not miserly and needs to save a large portion of his income, then Thomas does not value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nThomas values quality manufacturing and luxury items or he is not miserly.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkAt(x, jesssCompany) \u2227 GoToSpafrequently(x) \u2192 \u00ac(Miserly(x) \u2227 NeedToSave(x, aLargePortionOfIncome)))\n\u2200x (WorkAt(x, jesssCompany) \u2192 Miserly(x) \u2227 NeedToSave(x, aLargePortionOfIncome)\u2295 SpendFrivolously(x, aLotOfMoney))\n\u2200x (WorkAt(x, jesssCompany) \u2227 SpendFrivolously(x, aLotOfMoney) \u2192 Value(x, qualityManufacturing) \u2227 Value(x, luxuryItem))\n\u2200x (WorkAt(x, jesssCompany) \u2227 Value(x, qualityManufacturing) \u2227 Value(x, luxuryItem) \u2192 Enjoy(x, shopping, materialisticItem))\nWorkAt(thomas, jesssCompany)\n\u00ac(Miserly(thomas) \u2227 NeedToSave(thomas, aLargePortionOfIncome)) \u2192 \u00ac((Value(thomas, qualityManufacturing) \u2227 Value(thomas, luxuryItem)))\n(Value(thomas, qualityManufacturing) \u2227 Value(thomas, luxuryItem)) \u2228 \u00ac(Miserly(x) \u2227 NeedToSave(x, aLargePortionOfIncome))", "conclusion": "Thomas either enjoys shopping for materialistic items in his free time or, if he does not, then he goes to the spa frequently.", "conclusion-FOL": "Enjoy(thomas, shopping, materialisticItem) \u2295 GoToSpaFrequently(thomas)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1024} +{"story_id": 383, "premises": "People who work at Jess's company and go to the spa frequently are not people who are miserly and need to save a large portion of their income.\nPeople who work at Jess's company are either miserly and need to save a large portion of their income, or frivolously spend a lot of money.\nIf people who work at Jess's company frivolously spend a lot of money when they go out, then they value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nIf people who work at Jess's company value quality manufacturing and luxury items, then they enjoy shopping for materialistic items in their free time.\nThomas works at Jess's company.\nIf Thomas is not miserly and needs to save a large portion of his income, then Thomas does not value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nThomas values quality manufacturing and luxury items or he is not miserly.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (WorkAt(x, jesssCompany) \u2227 GoToSpafrequently(x) \u2192 \u00ac(Miserly(x) \u2227 NeedToSave(x, aLargePortionOfIncome)))\n\u2200x (WorkAt(x, jesssCompany) \u2192 Miserly(x) \u2227 NeedToSave(x, aLargePortionOfIncome)\u2295 SpendFrivolously(x, aLotOfMoney))\n\u2200x (WorkAt(x, jesssCompany) \u2227 SpendFrivolously(x, aLotOfMoney) \u2192 Value(x, qualityManufacturing) \u2227 Value(x, luxuryItem))\n\u2200x (WorkAt(x, jesssCompany) \u2227 Value(x, qualityManufacturing) \u2227 Value(x, luxuryItem) \u2192 Enjoy(x, shopping, materialisticItem))\nWorkAt(thomas, jesssCompany)\n\u00ac(Miserly(thomas) \u2227 NeedToSave(thomas, aLargePortionOfIncome)) \u2192 \u00ac((Value(thomas, qualityManufacturing) \u2227 Value(thomas, luxuryItem)))\n(Value(thomas, qualityManufacturing) \u2227 Value(thomas, luxuryItem)) \u2228 \u00ac(Miserly(x) \u2227 NeedToSave(x, aLargePortionOfIncome))", "conclusion": "If Thomas either enjoys shopping for materialistic items in his free time or, if he does not, then he goes to the spa frequently, then Thomas neither values quality manufacturing and luxury items nor goes to the spa frequently.", "conclusion-FOL": "Enjoy(thomas, shopping, materialisticItem) \u2295 GoToSpaFrequently(thomas) \u2192 \u00ac((Value(x, qualityManufacturing) \u2227 Value(x, luxuryItem)) \u2228 GoToSpaFrequently(thomas))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1025} +{"story_id": 220, "premises": "The indie pop band Phoenix has released six albums. \nPhoenix's album \"Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix\" sold over 500,000 copies. \nA certified gold album or single is one which sold over half a million copies. \n\"1901\" is a single from Phoenix's album \"Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix.\"\nOver 400,000 copies of \"1901\" have been sold. ", "premises-FOL": "AlbumsReleased(phoenix, 6)\nAlbum(wolfgangamadeusphoenix) \u2227 IsAlbumOf(wolfgangamadeusphoenix, phoenix) \u2227 SoldOver(wolfgangamadeusphoenix, 500,000)\n\u2200x ((Album(x) \u2228 Single(x)) \u2227 SoldOver(x, 500,000) \u2192 CertifiedGold(x))\nSingle(1901) \u2227 From(1901, wolfgangamadeusphoenix) \u2227 By(1901, phoenix)\nSoldOver(l1901, 400,000)", "conclusion": "The album \"Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix\" is a certified gold album.", "conclusion-FOL": "CertifiedGold(wolfgangamAdeusPhoenix)", "label": "True", "example_id": 624} +{"story_id": 220, "premises": "The indie pop band Phoenix has released six albums. \nPhoenix's album \"Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix\" sold over 500,000 copies. \nA certified gold album or single is one which sold over half a million copies. \n\"1901\" is a single from Phoenix's album \"Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix.\"\nOver 400,000 copies of \"1901\" have been sold. ", "premises-FOL": "AlbumsReleased(phoenix, 6)\nAlbum(wolfgangamadeusphoenix) \u2227 IsAlbumOf(wolfgangamadeusphoenix, phoenix) \u2227 SoldOver(wolfgangamadeusphoenix, 500,000)\n\u2200x ((Album(x) \u2228 Single(x)) \u2227 SoldOver(x, 500,000) \u2192 CertifiedGold(x))\nSingle(1901) \u2227 From(1901, wolfgangamadeusphoenix) \u2227 By(1901, phoenix)\nSoldOver(l1901, 400,000)", "conclusion": "The single \"1901\" is a certified gold single.", "conclusion-FOL": "CertifiedGold(1901)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 625} +{"story_id": 5, "premises": "Peter Parker is either a superhero or a civilian.\nThe Hulk is a destroyer.\nThe Hulk wakes up when he is angry.\nIf the Hulk wakes up, then he will break a bridge.\nThor is a god.\nThor will break a bridge when he is happy.\nA god is not a destroyer.\nPeter Parker wears a uniform when he is a superhero.\nPeter Parker is not a civilian if a destroyer is breaking a bridge.\nIf Thor is happy, the Hulk is angry.", "premises-FOL": "Superhero(peterParker) \u2295 Civilian(peterParker)\nDestroyer(theHulk)\nAngry(theHulk) \u2192 WakesUp(theHulk)\nWakesUp(theHulk) \u2192 Breaks(theHulk, bridge)\nGod(thor)\nHappy(thor) \u2192 Breaks(thor, bridge)\n\u2200x (God(x) \u2192 \u00acDestroyer(x))\nSuperhero(peter) \u2192 Wears(peter, uniform)\n\u2200x ((Destroyer(x) \u2227 Breaks(x,bridge)) \u2192 \u00acCivilian(peter))\nHappy(thor) \u2192 Angry(theHulk)", "conclusion": "If the Hulk does not wake up, then Thor is not happy.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acWakesUp(theHulk) \u2192 \u00acHappy(thor)", "label": "True", "example_id": 11} +{"story_id": 5, "premises": "Peter Parker is either a superhero or a civilian.\nThe Hulk is a destroyer.\nThe Hulk wakes up when he is angry.\nIf the Hulk wakes up, then he will break a bridge.\nThor is a god.\nThor will break a bridge when he is happy.\nA god is not a destroyer.\nPeter Parker wears a uniform when he is a superhero.\nPeter Parker is not a civilian if a destroyer is breaking a bridge.\nIf Thor is happy, the Hulk is angry.", "premises-FOL": "Superhero(peterParker) \u2295 Civilian(peterParker)\nDestroyer(theHulk)\nAngry(theHulk) \u2192 WakesUp(theHulk)\nWakesUp(theHulk) \u2192 Breaks(theHulk, bridge)\nGod(thor)\nHappy(thor) \u2192 Breaks(thor, bridge)\n\u2200x (God(x) \u2192 \u00acDestroyer(x))\nSuperhero(peter) \u2192 Wears(peter, uniform)\n\u2200x ((Destroyer(x) \u2227 Breaks(x,bridge)) \u2192 \u00acCivilian(peter))\nHappy(thor) \u2192 Angry(theHulk)", "conclusion": "If Thor is happy, then Peter Parker wears a uniform.", "conclusion-FOL": "Happy(thor) \u2192 Wears(peterParker, uniform)", "label": "True", "example_id": 12} +{"story_id": 5, "premises": "Peter Parker is either a superhero or a civilian.\nThe Hulk is a destroyer.\nThe Hulk wakes up when he is angry.\nIf the Hulk wakes up, then he will break a bridge.\nThor is a god.\nThor will break a bridge when he is happy.\nA god is not a destroyer.\nPeter Parker wears a uniform when he is a superhero.\nPeter Parker is not a civilian if a destroyer is breaking a bridge.\nIf Thor is happy, the Hulk is angry.", "premises-FOL": "Superhero(peterParker) \u2295 Civilian(peterParker)\nDestroyer(theHulk)\nAngry(theHulk) \u2192 WakesUp(theHulk)\nWakesUp(theHulk) \u2192 Breaks(theHulk, bridge)\nGod(thor)\nHappy(thor) \u2192 Breaks(thor, bridge)\n\u2200x (God(x) \u2192 \u00acDestroyer(x))\nSuperhero(peter) \u2192 Wears(peter, uniform)\n\u2200x ((Destroyer(x) \u2227 Breaks(x,bridge)) \u2192 \u00acCivilian(peter))\nHappy(thor) \u2192 Angry(theHulk)", "conclusion": "If Thor is not happy, then no bridge will be broken.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acHappy(thor) \u2192 \u00acBreaks(thor, bridge)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 13} +{"story_id": 85, "premises": "Diethylcarbamazine is a medication discovered in the year 1947.\nDiethylcarbamazine can be used to treat river blindness.\nThe only preferred treatment for river blindness is ivermectin.\nDiethylcarbamazine is not ivermectin.", "premises-FOL": "Medication(diethylcarbamazine) \u2227 DiscoversIn(diethylcarbamazine, yr1947)\nTreats(diethylcarbamazine, riverBlindness)\nPreferredTreatmentFor(riverBlindness, ivermectin)\n\u00ac(Is(diethylcarbamazine, ivermectin))", "conclusion": "Diethylcarbamazine is not preferred for the treatment of river blindness.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(PreferredTreatmentFor(riverBlindness, diethylcarbamazine))", "label": "True", "example_id": 258} +{"story_id": 85, "premises": "Diethylcarbamazine is a medication discovered in the year 1947.\nDiethylcarbamazine can be used to treat river blindness.\nThe only preferred treatment for river blindness is ivermectin.\nDiethylcarbamazine is not ivermectin.", "premises-FOL": "Medication(diethylcarbamazine) \u2227 DiscoversIn(diethylcarbamazine, yr1947)\nTreats(diethylcarbamazine, riverBlindness)\nPreferredTreatmentFor(riverBlindness, ivermectin)\n\u00ac(Is(diethylcarbamazine, ivermectin))", "conclusion": "Diethylcarbamazine was often used to treat river blindness.", "conclusion-FOL": "Treats(diethylcarbamazine, riverBlindness)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 259} +{"story_id": 85, "premises": "Diethylcarbamazine is a medication discovered in the year 1947.\nDiethylcarbamazine can be used to treat river blindness.\nThe only preferred treatment for river blindness is ivermectin.\nDiethylcarbamazine is not ivermectin.", "premises-FOL": "Medication(diethylcarbamazine) \u2227 DiscoversIn(diethylcarbamazine, yr1947)\nTreats(diethylcarbamazine, riverBlindness)\nPreferredTreatmentFor(riverBlindness, ivermectin)\n\u00ac(Is(diethylcarbamazine, ivermectin))", "conclusion": "Diethylcarbamazine is used in the treatment of filariasis.", "conclusion-FOL": "Treats(diethylcarbamazine, filariasis)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 260} +{"story_id": 392, "premises": "All prime numbers are natural numbers.\nAll integers are real numbers. \nAll real numbers are complex numbers. \nOne is a prime number or a natural number or both.\nIf one is not a complex number, then one is a prime number and an integer.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (PrimeNumber(x) \u2192 NaturalNumber(x)) \n\u2200x (Integer(x) \u2192 RealNumber(x))\n\u2200x (RealNumber(x) \u2192 ComplexNumber(x)) \nPrimeNumber(one) \u2228 NaturalNumber(one)\n\u00acComplexNumber(one) \u2192 (PrimeNumber(one) \u2227 Integer(one))", "conclusion": "One is a real number.", "conclusion-FOL": "RealNumber(one)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1057} +{"story_id": 392, "premises": "All prime numbers are natural numbers.\nAll integers are real numbers. \nAll real numbers are complex numbers. \nOne is a prime number or a natural number or both.\nIf one is not a complex number, then one is a prime number and an integer.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (PrimeNumber(x) \u2192 NaturalNumber(x)) \n\u2200x (Integer(x) \u2192 RealNumber(x))\n\u2200x (RealNumber(x) \u2192 ComplexNumber(x)) \nPrimeNumber(one) \u2228 NaturalNumber(one)\n\u00acComplexNumber(one) \u2192 (PrimeNumber(one) \u2227 Integer(one))", "conclusion": "One is a prime number and a natural number.", "conclusion-FOL": "PrimeNumber(one) \u2227 NaturalNumber(one)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1058} +{"story_id": 392, "premises": "All prime numbers are natural numbers.\nAll integers are real numbers. \nAll real numbers are complex numbers. \nOne is a prime number or a natural number or both.\nIf one is not a complex number, then one is a prime number and an integer.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (PrimeNumber(x) \u2192 NaturalNumber(x)) \n\u2200x (Integer(x) \u2192 RealNumber(x))\n\u2200x (RealNumber(x) \u2192 ComplexNumber(x)) \nPrimeNumber(one) \u2228 NaturalNumber(one)\n\u00acComplexNumber(one) \u2192 (PrimeNumber(one) \u2227 Integer(one))", "conclusion": "One is either a prime number or a natural number.", "conclusion-FOL": "PrimeNumber(one) \u2295 NaturalNumber(one)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1059} +{"story_id": 387, "premises": "If some diseases require a medical diagnosis, then lab tests or imaging is required. \nAll rare diseases require a medical diagnosis.\nIf a disease is mild, then no lab tests or imaging is required. \nAll blood cancers are rare diseases.\nAll types of leukemia are diseases and blood cancers. \nBladder cancer is a disease and is blood cancer or Leukemia.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disease(x) \u2227 Require(x, medicalDiagnosis) \u2192 RequiredFor(labTest, x) \u2228 RequiredFor(imaging, x)) \n\u2200x (RareDisease(x) \u2192 Require(x, medicalDiagnosis))\n\u2200x (Disease(x) \u2227 Mild(x) \u2192 \u00ac(RequiredFor(labTest, x) \u2228 RequiredFor(imaging, x))) \n\u2200x (BloodCancer(x) \u2192 RareDiseases(x))\n\u2200x (Disease(x) \u2227 Leukemia(x) \u2192 BloodCancer(x))\nDisease(bladderCancer) \u2227 (BloodCancer(bladderCancer) \u2228 Leukemia(bladderCancer))", "conclusion": "Bladder cancer is a mild disease.", "conclusion-FOL": "Mild(bladderCancer)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1035} +{"story_id": 387, "premises": "If some diseases require a medical diagnosis, then lab tests or imaging is required. \nAll rare diseases require a medical diagnosis.\nIf a disease is mild, then no lab tests or imaging is required. \nAll blood cancers are rare diseases.\nAll types of leukemia are diseases and blood cancers. \nBladder cancer is a disease and is blood cancer or Leukemia.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disease(x) \u2227 Require(x, medicalDiagnosis) \u2192 RequiredFor(labTest, x) \u2228 RequiredFor(imaging, x)) \n\u2200x (RareDisease(x) \u2192 Require(x, medicalDiagnosis))\n\u2200x (Disease(x) \u2227 Mild(x) \u2192 \u00ac(RequiredFor(labTest, x) \u2228 RequiredFor(imaging, x))) \n\u2200x (BloodCancer(x) \u2192 RareDiseases(x))\n\u2200x (Disease(x) \u2227 Leukemia(x) \u2192 BloodCancer(x))\nDisease(bladderCancer) \u2227 (BloodCancer(bladderCancer) \u2228 Leukemia(bladderCancer))", "conclusion": "Bladder cancer is Leukemia.", "conclusion-FOL": "Leukemia(bladderCancer)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1036} +{"story_id": 387, "premises": "If some diseases require a medical diagnosis, then lab tests or imaging is required. \nAll rare diseases require a medical diagnosis.\nIf a disease is mild, then no lab tests or imaging is required. \nAll blood cancers are rare diseases.\nAll types of leukemia are diseases and blood cancers. \nBladder cancer is a disease and is blood cancer or Leukemia.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disease(x) \u2227 Require(x, medicalDiagnosis) \u2192 RequiredFor(labTest, x) \u2228 RequiredFor(imaging, x)) \n\u2200x (RareDisease(x) \u2192 Require(x, medicalDiagnosis))\n\u2200x (Disease(x) \u2227 Mild(x) \u2192 \u00ac(RequiredFor(labTest, x) \u2228 RequiredFor(imaging, x))) \n\u2200x (BloodCancer(x) \u2192 RareDiseases(x))\n\u2200x (Disease(x) \u2227 Leukemia(x) \u2192 BloodCancer(x))\nDisease(bladderCancer) \u2227 (BloodCancer(bladderCancer) \u2228 Leukemia(bladderCancer))", "conclusion": "Bladder cancer is either a rare disease or a mild disease.", "conclusion-FOL": "RareDisease(bladderCancer) \u2295 Mild(bladderCancer)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1037} +{"story_id": 390, "premises": "There are no elements with atomic number between 61-63 that are not scarce in China.\nNon-rare earth elements are not scarce in China.\nAll elements are either non-rare earth elements or rare earth elements. \nAll rare earth elements can be used for industry.\nAll rare earth elements are essential for exploring future directions of electronics.\nLithium is either a non-rare earth element and essential for exploring future directions of electronics, or is not a non-rare earth element and is not essential for exploring future directions of electronics.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Element(x) \u2227 \u2203y(Between(y, num61, num63) \u2227 AtomicNumber(x, y))) \u2192 ScarceIn(x, china))\n\u2200x (\u00acRareEarthElement(x) \u2192 \u00acScarceIn(x, china)) \n\u2200x (\u00acRareEarthElement(x) \u2295 RareEarthElement(x)) \n\u2200x (RareEarthElement(x) \u2192 UsedIn(x, industry)) \n\u2200x (RareEarthElement(x) \u2192 EssentialFor(x, electronics))\n\u00ac(\u00acRareEarthElement(lithium) \u2295 EssentialFor(lithium, electronics))", "conclusion": "Lithium is a rare earth element.", "conclusion-FOL": "RareEarthElement(lithium)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1044} +{"story_id": 390, "premises": "There are no elements with atomic number between 61-63 that are not scarce in China.\nNon-rare earth elements are not scarce in China.\nAll elements are either non-rare earth elements or rare earth elements. \nAll rare earth elements can be used for industry.\nAll rare earth elements are essential for exploring future directions of electronics.\nLithium is either a non-rare earth element and essential for exploring future directions of electronics, or is not a non-rare earth element and is not essential for exploring future directions of electronics.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Element(x) \u2227 \u2203y(Between(y, num61, num63) \u2227 AtomicNumber(x, y))) \u2192 ScarceIn(x, china))\n\u2200x (\u00acRareEarthElement(x) \u2192 \u00acScarceIn(x, china)) \n\u2200x (\u00acRareEarthElement(x) \u2295 RareEarthElement(x)) \n\u2200x (RareEarthElement(x) \u2192 UsedIn(x, industry)) \n\u2200x (RareEarthElement(x) \u2192 EssentialFor(x, electronics))\n\u00ac(\u00acRareEarthElement(lithium) \u2295 EssentialFor(lithium, electronics))", "conclusion": "Lithium is an element with atomic number between 61-63 and is used for batteries.", "conclusion-FOL": "Element(x) \u2227 \u2203y(Between(y, num61, num63) \u2227 AtomicNumber(x, y)) \u2227 UsedFor(lithium, batteries)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1045} +{"story_id": 390, "premises": "There are no elements with atomic number between 61-63 that are not scarce in China.\nNon-rare earth elements are not scarce in China.\nAll elements are either non-rare earth elements or rare earth elements. \nAll rare earth elements can be used for industry.\nAll rare earth elements are essential for exploring future directions of electronics.\nLithium is either a non-rare earth element and essential for exploring future directions of electronics, or is not a non-rare earth element and is not essential for exploring future directions of electronics.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Element(x) \u2227 \u2203y(Between(y, num61, num63) \u2227 AtomicNumber(x, y))) \u2192 ScarceIn(x, china))\n\u2200x (\u00acRareEarthElement(x) \u2192 \u00acScarceIn(x, china)) \n\u2200x (\u00acRareEarthElement(x) \u2295 RareEarthElement(x)) \n\u2200x (RareEarthElement(x) \u2192 UsedIn(x, industry)) \n\u2200x (RareEarthElement(x) \u2192 EssentialFor(x, electronics))\n\u00ac(\u00acRareEarthElement(lithium) \u2295 EssentialFor(lithium, electronics))", "conclusion": "If Lithium is not essential for exploring future directions of electronics or an element with atomic number between 61-63, then Lithium is not a non-rare earth element or usable in industry.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(EssentialFor(lithium, electronics) \u2295 (\u2203y(Between(y, num61, num63) \u2227 AtomicNumber(lithium, y)))) \u2192 \u00ac(\u00acRareEarthMetals(lithium) \u2228 UsedIn(lithium, industry))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1046} +{"story_id": 332, "premises": "If people don't often clean their homes, then they do not have tidy houses.\nIf people don't prioritize cleaning, then they do not often clean their homes.\nIf people hire a maid or cleaning service, then they have tidy houses.\nIf people don't care about cleanliness, then they do not prioritize cleaning.\nEither Jack does hire a maid or cleaning service and does not often clean his home, or he does not hire a maid or cleaning service nor often clean his home.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (\u00acCleanOften(x, home) \u2192 \u00acHave(x, tidyHouse))\n\u2200x (\u00acPrioritize(x, cleaning) \u2192 \u00acCleanOften(x, home))\n\u2200x (Hire(x, maid) \u2228 Hire(x, cleaningService) \u2192 Have(x, tidyHouse))\n\u2200x (\u00acCareAbout(x, cleanliness) \u2192 \u00acPrioritize(x, cleaning))\n\u00ac(Hire(x, maid) \u2228 Hire(x, cleaningService)) \u2295 \u00acCleanOften(jack, home))", "conclusion": "Jack doesn't care about cleanliness.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(CareAbout(jack, cleanliness))", "label": "False", "example_id": 858} +{"story_id": 332, "premises": "If people don't often clean their homes, then they do not have tidy houses.\nIf people don't prioritize cleaning, then they do not often clean their homes.\nIf people hire a maid or cleaning service, then they have tidy houses.\nIf people don't care about cleanliness, then they do not prioritize cleaning.\nEither Jack does hire a maid or cleaning service and does not often clean his home, or he does not hire a maid or cleaning service nor often clean his home.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (\u00acCleanOften(x, home) \u2192 \u00acHave(x, tidyHouse))\n\u2200x (\u00acPrioritize(x, cleaning) \u2192 \u00acCleanOften(x, home))\n\u2200x (Hire(x, maid) \u2228 Hire(x, cleaningService) \u2192 Have(x, tidyHouse))\n\u2200x (\u00acCareAbout(x, cleanliness) \u2192 \u00acPrioritize(x, cleaning))\n\u00ac(Hire(x, maid) \u2228 Hire(x, cleaningService)) \u2295 \u00acCleanOften(jack, home))", "conclusion": "Jack does care about cleanliness.", "conclusion-FOL": "CareAbout(jack, cleanliness)", "label": "True", "example_id": 859} +{"story_id": 332, "premises": "If people don't often clean their homes, then they do not have tidy houses.\nIf people don't prioritize cleaning, then they do not often clean their homes.\nIf people hire a maid or cleaning service, then they have tidy houses.\nIf people don't care about cleanliness, then they do not prioritize cleaning.\nEither Jack does hire a maid or cleaning service and does not often clean his home, or he does not hire a maid or cleaning service nor often clean his home.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (\u00acCleanOften(x, home) \u2192 \u00acHave(x, tidyHouse))\n\u2200x (\u00acPrioritize(x, cleaning) \u2192 \u00acCleanOften(x, home))\n\u2200x (Hire(x, maid) \u2228 Hire(x, cleaningService) \u2192 Have(x, tidyHouse))\n\u2200x (\u00acCareAbout(x, cleanliness) \u2192 \u00acPrioritize(x, cleaning))\n\u00ac(Hire(x, maid) \u2228 Hire(x, cleaningService)) \u2295 \u00acCleanOften(jack, home))", "conclusion": "Jack has a tidy house.", "conclusion-FOL": "Have(jack, tidyHouse)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 860} +{"story_id": 332, "premises": "If people don't often clean their homes, then they do not have tidy houses.\nIf people don't prioritize cleaning, then they do not often clean their homes.\nIf people hire a maid or cleaning service, then they have tidy houses.\nIf people don't care about cleanliness, then they do not prioritize cleaning.\nEither Jack does hire a maid or cleaning service and does not often clean his home, or he does not hire a maid or cleaning service nor often clean his home.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (\u00acCleanOften(x, home) \u2192 \u00acHave(x, tidyHouse))\n\u2200x (\u00acPrioritize(x, cleaning) \u2192 \u00acCleanOften(x, home))\n\u2200x (Hire(x, maid) \u2228 Hire(x, cleaningService) \u2192 Have(x, tidyHouse))\n\u2200x (\u00acCareAbout(x, cleanliness) \u2192 \u00acPrioritize(x, cleaning))\n\u00ac(Hire(x, maid) \u2228 Hire(x, cleaningService)) \u2295 \u00acCleanOften(jack, home))", "conclusion": "Jack neither lives in the suburbs nor is too busy to clean.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(\u00acCareAbout(jack, cleanliness) \u2228 \u00acCleanOften(jack, home)", "label": "True", "example_id": 861} +{"story_id": 332, "premises": "If people don't often clean their homes, then they do not have tidy houses.\nIf people don't prioritize cleaning, then they do not often clean their homes.\nIf people hire a maid or cleaning service, then they have tidy houses.\nIf people don't care about cleanliness, then they do not prioritize cleaning.\nEither Jack does hire a maid or cleaning service and does not often clean his home, or he does not hire a maid or cleaning service nor often clean his home.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (\u00acCleanOften(x, home) \u2192 \u00acHave(x, tidyHouse))\n\u2200x (\u00acPrioritize(x, cleaning) \u2192 \u00acCleanOften(x, home))\n\u2200x (Hire(x, maid) \u2228 Hire(x, cleaningService) \u2192 Have(x, tidyHouse))\n\u2200x (\u00acCareAbout(x, cleanliness) \u2192 \u00acPrioritize(x, cleaning))\n\u00ac(Hire(x, maid) \u2228 Hire(x, cleaningService)) \u2295 \u00acCleanOften(jack, home))", "conclusion": "Jack is overburdened and lives in the suburbs.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acPrioritize(jack, cleaning) \u2228 \u00acCareAbout(jack, cleanliness)", "label": "False", "example_id": 862} +{"story_id": 278, "premises": "The bottle not falling is either standing upright or toppled over. \nThe bottle not falling is not standing upright.", "premises-FOL": "\u00acFalling(bottle) \u2192 (Upright(bottle) \u2295 ToppledOver(bottle))\n\u00acFalling(bottle) \u2192 \u00acUpright(bottle)", "conclusion": "The bottle not falling is toppled over.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acFalling(bottle) \u2192 ToppleOver(bottle)", "label": "True", "example_id": 722} +{"story_id": 359, "premises": "Everyone who chooses what they want to do with their time has flexible schedules.\nEveryone with a lot of free time chooses what they want to do with their time.\nPeople either have a lot of free time or they invest in a career in which they are willing to spend the rest of their lives.\nIf people invest in a career in which they are willing to spend the rest of their lives, then they are hardworking individuals with high ambitions and goals for the future. \nIf people are hardworking individuals with high ambitions and goals for the future, then they are not short sighted.\nJohn is not either a hardworking individual with high ambitions and goals for the future or has a flexible schedule.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ChooseWhatToDoWith(x, time) \u2192 FlexibleSchedule(x))\n\u2200x (Have(x, lotsOfFreetime) \u2192 ChooseWhatToDoWith(x, time))\n\u2200x (Have(x, lotsOfFreetime) \u2295 (\u2203y (InvestIn(x, y) \u2227 Career(y) \u2227 WillingToSpendIn(restOfLife, y))))\n\u2200x (\u2203y (InvestIn(x, y) \u2227 Career(y) \u2227 WillingToSpendIn(restOfLife, y)) \u2192 Hardworking(x))\n\u2200x (Hardworking(x) \u2227 HaveFor(x, highAmbition, future) \u2227 HaveFor(x, goal, future) \u2192 \u00acShortSighted(x))\n\u00ac((Hardworking(john) \u2227 HaveFor(john, highAmbition, future) \u2227 HaveFor(john, goal, future)) \u2295 FlexibleSchedule(john))", "conclusion": "John is short sighted.", "conclusion-FOL": "Organized(john)", "label": "False", "example_id": 952} +{"story_id": 359, "premises": "Everyone who chooses what they want to do with their time has flexible schedules.\nEveryone with a lot of free time chooses what they want to do with their time.\nPeople either have a lot of free time or they invest in a career in which they are willing to spend the rest of their lives.\nIf people invest in a career in which they are willing to spend the rest of their lives, then they are hardworking individuals with high ambitions and goals for the future. \nIf people are hardworking individuals with high ambitions and goals for the future, then they are not short sighted.\nJohn is not either a hardworking individual with high ambitions and goals for the future or has a flexible schedule.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ChooseWhatToDoWith(x, time) \u2192 FlexibleSchedule(x))\n\u2200x (Have(x, lotsOfFreetime) \u2192 ChooseWhatToDoWith(x, time))\n\u2200x (Have(x, lotsOfFreetime) \u2295 (\u2203y (InvestIn(x, y) \u2227 Career(y) \u2227 WillingToSpendIn(restOfLife, y))))\n\u2200x (\u2203y (InvestIn(x, y) \u2227 Career(y) \u2227 WillingToSpendIn(restOfLife, y)) \u2192 Hardworking(x))\n\u2200x (Hardworking(x) \u2227 HaveFor(x, highAmbition, future) \u2227 HaveFor(x, goal, future) \u2192 \u00acShortSighted(x))\n\u00ac((Hardworking(john) \u2227 HaveFor(john, highAmbition, future) \u2227 HaveFor(john, goal, future)) \u2295 FlexibleSchedule(john))", "conclusion": "John chooses what he want to do with his time.", "conclusion-FOL": "ChooseWhatToDoWith(john, time)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 953} +{"story_id": 359, "premises": "Everyone who chooses what they want to do with their time has flexible schedules.\nEveryone with a lot of free time chooses what they want to do with their time.\nPeople either have a lot of free time or they invest in a career in which they are willing to spend the rest of their lives.\nIf people invest in a career in which they are willing to spend the rest of their lives, then they are hardworking individuals with high ambitions and goals for the future. \nIf people are hardworking individuals with high ambitions and goals for the future, then they are not short sighted.\nJohn is not either a hardworking individual with high ambitions and goals for the future or has a flexible schedule.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ChooseWhatToDoWith(x, time) \u2192 FlexibleSchedule(x))\n\u2200x (Have(x, lotsOfFreetime) \u2192 ChooseWhatToDoWith(x, time))\n\u2200x (Have(x, lotsOfFreetime) \u2295 (\u2203y (InvestIn(x, y) \u2227 Career(y) \u2227 WillingToSpendIn(restOfLife, y))))\n\u2200x (\u2203y (InvestIn(x, y) \u2227 Career(y) \u2227 WillingToSpendIn(restOfLife, y)) \u2192 Hardworking(x))\n\u2200x (Hardworking(x) \u2227 HaveFor(x, highAmbition, future) \u2227 HaveFor(x, goal, future) \u2192 \u00acShortSighted(x))\n\u00ac((Hardworking(john) \u2227 HaveFor(john, highAmbition, future) \u2227 HaveFor(john, goal, future)) \u2295 FlexibleSchedule(john))", "conclusion": "John is either a hardworking individual with high ambitions and goals for the future or is short sighted.", "conclusion-FOL": "(Hardworking(john) \u2227 HaveFor(john, highAmbition, future) \u2227 HaveFor(john, goal, future)) \u2295 ShortSighted(john)", "label": "True", "example_id": 954} +{"story_id": 78, "premises": "Ableton has an office in Germany.\nAbleton has an office in the USA.\nUSA and Germany are different countries.\nAny company that has offices in different countries is a multinational company.\nAbleton makes music software.", "premises-FOL": "OfficeIn(ableton, germany)\nOfficeIn(ableton, unitedStates)\n\u00acSameCountry(germany, unitedStates)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (OfficeIn(x, y) \u2227 OfficeIn(x, z) \u2227 (\u00acSameCountry(y, z)) \u2192 MultinationalCompany(x))\nMakesMusicSoftware(ableton)", "conclusion": "Ableton is a multinational company.", "conclusion-FOL": "MultinationalCompany(ableton)", "label": "True", "example_id": 237} +{"story_id": 78, "premises": "Ableton has an office in Germany.\nAbleton has an office in the USA.\nUSA and Germany are different countries.\nAny company that has offices in different countries is a multinational company.\nAbleton makes music software.", "premises-FOL": "OfficeIn(ableton, germany)\nOfficeIn(ableton, unitedStates)\n\u00acSameCountry(germany, unitedStates)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (OfficeIn(x, y) \u2227 OfficeIn(x, z) \u2227 (\u00acSameCountry(y, z)) \u2192 MultinationalCompany(x))\nMakesMusicSoftware(ableton)", "conclusion": "Ableton makes AI software.", "conclusion-FOL": "MakesAISoftware(ableton)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 238} +{"story_id": 78, "premises": "Ableton has an office in Germany.\nAbleton has an office in the USA.\nUSA and Germany are different countries.\nAny company that has offices in different countries is a multinational company.\nAbleton makes music software.", "premises-FOL": "OfficeIn(ableton, germany)\nOfficeIn(ableton, unitedStates)\n\u00acSameCountry(germany, unitedStates)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (OfficeIn(x, y) \u2227 OfficeIn(x, z) \u2227 (\u00acSameCountry(y, z)) \u2192 MultinationalCompany(x))\nMakesMusicSoftware(ableton)", "conclusion": "Ableton does not have an office in Germany.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acOfficeIn(ableton, germany)", "label": "False", "example_id": 239} +{"story_id": 450, "premises": "Those who can fly over a vast distance glide in the air. \nFlightless birds cannot fly over a vast distance. \nPenguins are flightless birds. \nNonflying birds in Antarctica are penguins. \nFido is a penguin, or flies over a vast distance. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (FlyOver(x, vastDistance) \u2192 GlideInAir(x))\n\u2200x (Flightless(x) \u2227 Bird(x) \u2192 \u00acFlyOver(x, vastDistance))\n\u2200x (Penguin(x) \u2192 Flightless(x) \u2227 Bird(x))\n\u2200x (NonFlying(x) \u2227 Bird(x) \u2227 In(x, antarctica) \u2192 Penguin(x))\nPenguin(fido) \u2228 FlyOver(fido, vastDistance)", "conclusion": "Fido is a flightless bird", "conclusion-FOL": "Flightless(fido) \u2227 Bird(fido)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1295} +{"story_id": 450, "premises": "Those who can fly over a vast distance glide in the air. \nFlightless birds cannot fly over a vast distance. \nPenguins are flightless birds. \nNonflying birds in Antarctica are penguins. \nFido is a penguin, or flies over a vast distance. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (FlyOver(x, vastDistance) \u2192 GlideInAir(x))\n\u2200x (Flightless(x) \u2227 Bird(x) \u2192 \u00acFlyOver(x, vastDistance))\n\u2200x (Penguin(x) \u2192 Flightless(x) \u2227 Bird(x))\n\u2200x (NonFlying(x) \u2227 Bird(x) \u2227 In(x, antarctica) \u2192 Penguin(x))\nPenguin(fido) \u2228 FlyOver(fido, vastDistance)", "conclusion": "Fido is not a nonflying bird in Antarctica, and he cannot glid in the air.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(NonFlying(fido) \u2227 Bird(fido) \u2227 In(fido, antarctica)) \u2227 \u00acGlideInAir(fido)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1296} +{"story_id": 450, "premises": "Those who can fly over a vast distance glide in the air. \nFlightless birds cannot fly over a vast distance. \nPenguins are flightless birds. \nNonflying birds in Antarctica are penguins. \nFido is a penguin, or flies over a vast distance. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (FlyOver(x, vastDistance) \u2192 GlideInAir(x))\n\u2200x (Flightless(x) \u2227 Bird(x) \u2192 \u00acFlyOver(x, vastDistance))\n\u2200x (Penguin(x) \u2192 Flightless(x) \u2227 Bird(x))\n\u2200x (NonFlying(x) \u2227 Bird(x) \u2227 In(x, antarctica) \u2192 Penguin(x))\nPenguin(fido) \u2228 FlyOver(fido, vastDistance)", "conclusion": "If Fido either can fly over a vast distance or cannot fly over a vast distance, then Fido is a nonflying bird in Antartica.", "conclusion-FOL": "(FlyOver(fido, vastDistance) \u2295 \u00acFlyOver(fido, vastDistance)) \u2192 (NonFlying(fido) \u2227 Bird(fido) \u2227 In(fido, antarctica))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1297} +{"story_id": 469, "premises": "All members of the university faculty are professors.\nAll principal investigators are members of the university faculty.\nNo professor is also an undergraduate student.\nAnyone pursuing a bachelor's degree is an undergraduate student.\nLeon is not pursuing a bachelor's degree, and he is not a principal investigator.\nIf Leon is not pursuing a bachelor's degree, then he is a professor.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MemberOf(x, universityFaculty) \u2192 Professor(x))\n\u2200x (PrincipalInvestigator(x) \u2192 MemberOf(x, universityFaculty))\n\u2200x (Professor(x) \u2192 \u00acUndergraduateStudent(x))\n\u2200x (Pursuing(x, bachelor) \u2192 UndergraduateStudent(x))\n\u00ac(Pursuing(leon, bachelor) \u2295 PrincipalInvestigator(leon))\n\u00acPursuing(leon, bachelor) \u2192 Professor(leon)", "conclusion": "Leon is a member of university faculty.", "conclusion-FOL": "MemberOf(leon, universityFaculty)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1354} +{"story_id": 469, "premises": "All members of the university faculty are professors.\nAll principal investigators are members of the university faculty.\nNo professor is also an undergraduate student.\nAnyone pursuing a bachelor's degree is an undergraduate student.\nLeon is not pursuing a bachelor's degree, and he is not a principal investigator.\nIf Leon is not pursuing a bachelor's degree, then he is a professor.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MemberOf(x, universityFaculty) \u2192 Professor(x))\n\u2200x (PrincipalInvestigator(x) \u2192 MemberOf(x, universityFaculty))\n\u2200x (Professor(x) \u2192 \u00acUndergraduateStudent(x))\n\u2200x (Pursuing(x, bachelor) \u2192 UndergraduateStudent(x))\n\u00ac(Pursuing(leon, bachelor) \u2295 PrincipalInvestigator(leon))\n\u00acPursuing(leon, bachelor) \u2192 Professor(leon)", "conclusion": "Leon is neither an undergraduate student nor a principal investigator.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acUndergraduateStudent(leon) \u2227 \u00acPrincipalInvestigator(leon)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1355} +{"story_id": 469, "premises": "All members of the university faculty are professors.\nAll principal investigators are members of the university faculty.\nNo professor is also an undergraduate student.\nAnyone pursuing a bachelor's degree is an undergraduate student.\nLeon is not pursuing a bachelor's degree, and he is not a principal investigator.\nIf Leon is not pursuing a bachelor's degree, then he is a professor.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MemberOf(x, universityFaculty) \u2192 Professor(x))\n\u2200x (PrincipalInvestigator(x) \u2192 MemberOf(x, universityFaculty))\n\u2200x (Professor(x) \u2192 \u00acUndergraduateStudent(x))\n\u2200x (Pursuing(x, bachelor) \u2192 UndergraduateStudent(x))\n\u00ac(Pursuing(leon, bachelor) \u2295 PrincipalInvestigator(leon))\n\u00acPursuing(leon, bachelor) \u2192 Professor(leon)", "conclusion": "If leon is not a principal investigator, then Leon is an undergraduate student.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acPrincipalInvestigator(leon) \u2192 UndergraduateStudent(leon)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1356} +{"story_id": 114, "premises": "A cutman is responsible for preventing and treating physical damage to a fighter.\nCutmen appear in boxing matches, kickboxing matches, or mixed martial arts matches bout. \nCutmen handle swelling, nosebleeds and lacerations. \nJack is a cutman.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Cutman(x) \u2192 Prevent(x, physicalDamageToAFighter) \u2227 Treat(x, physicalDamageToAFighter))\n\u2200x (Cutman(x) \u2192 AppearIn(x, boxingMatch) \u2228 AppearIn(x, kickboxingMatch) \u2228 AppearIn(x, mixedMartialArtsMatchBout))\n\u2200x (Cutman(x) \u2192 Handle(x, swelling) \u2227 Handle(x, nosebleed) \u2227 Handle(x, laceration))\nCutman(jack)", "conclusion": "No cutmen appear in boxing matches.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(\u2203x (Cutman(x) \u2227 AppearIn(x, boxingMatch)))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 344} +{"story_id": 114, "premises": "A cutman is responsible for preventing and treating physical damage to a fighter.\nCutmen appear in boxing matches, kickboxing matches, or mixed martial arts matches bout. \nCutmen handle swelling, nosebleeds and lacerations. \nJack is a cutman.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Cutman(x) \u2192 Prevent(x, physicalDamageToAFighter) \u2227 Treat(x, physicalDamageToAFighter))\n\u2200x (Cutman(x) \u2192 AppearIn(x, boxingMatch) \u2228 AppearIn(x, kickboxingMatch) \u2228 AppearIn(x, mixedMartialArtsMatchBout))\n\u2200x (Cutman(x) \u2192 Handle(x, swelling) \u2227 Handle(x, nosebleed) \u2227 Handle(x, laceration))\nCutman(jack)", "conclusion": "If someone is not a cutman, then they cannot handle nosebleeds.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (\u00acCutman(x) \u2192 \u00acHandle(x, nosebleed))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 345} +{"story_id": 114, "premises": "A cutman is responsible for preventing and treating physical damage to a fighter.\nCutmen appear in boxing matches, kickboxing matches, or mixed martial arts matches bout. \nCutmen handle swelling, nosebleeds and lacerations. \nJack is a cutman.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Cutman(x) \u2192 Prevent(x, physicalDamageToAFighter) \u2227 Treat(x, physicalDamageToAFighter))\n\u2200x (Cutman(x) \u2192 AppearIn(x, boxingMatch) \u2228 AppearIn(x, kickboxingMatch) \u2228 AppearIn(x, mixedMartialArtsMatchBout))\n\u2200x (Cutman(x) \u2192 Handle(x, swelling) \u2227 Handle(x, nosebleed) \u2227 Handle(x, laceration))\nCutman(jack)", "conclusion": "Jack is responsible for treating physical damage to a fighter.", "conclusion-FOL": "Treat(jack, physicalDamageToAFighter)", "label": "True", "example_id": 346} +{"story_id": 170, "premises": "The Mona Lisa is a world's best-known painting.\nThe Mona Lisa is a portrait painted by Leonardo da Vinci.\nLeonardo da Vinci was a scientist and painter.\nPainting genres can be history, portrait, animal, landscape, and still life.", "premises-FOL": "Painting(monaLisa) \u2227 TheWorldsBestKnown(monaLisa)\nPaintedBy(monaLisa, leonardodaVinci) \u2227 Portrait(monaLisa)\nScientist(leonardodaVinci) \u2227 Painter(leonardodaVinci)\n\u2200x (Painting(x) \u2192 (History(x) \u2228 Portrait(x) \u2228 Animal(x) \u2228 Landscape(x) \u2228 StillLife(x)))", "conclusion": "A world's best-known artwork is painted by a scientist.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Painting(x) \u2227 TheWorldsBestKnown(x) \u2227 PaintedBy(x, y) \u2227 Scientist(y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 488} +{"story_id": 170, "premises": "The Mona Lisa is a world's best-known painting.\nThe Mona Lisa is a portrait painted by Leonardo da Vinci.\nLeonardo da Vinci was a scientist and painter.\nPainting genres can be history, portrait, animal, landscape, and still life.", "premises-FOL": "Painting(monaLisa) \u2227 TheWorldsBestKnown(monaLisa)\nPaintedBy(monaLisa, leonardodaVinci) \u2227 Portrait(monaLisa)\nScientist(leonardodaVinci) \u2227 Painter(leonardodaVinci)\n\u2200x (Painting(x) \u2192 (History(x) \u2228 Portrait(x) \u2228 Animal(x) \u2228 Landscape(x) \u2228 StillLife(x)))", "conclusion": "Leonardo da Vinci has artworks in the landscape genre.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (PaintedBy(x, leonardodaVinci) \u2227 Landscape(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 489} +{"story_id": 170, "premises": "The Mona Lisa is a world's best-known painting.\nThe Mona Lisa is a portrait painted by Leonardo da Vinci.\nLeonardo da Vinci was a scientist and painter.\nPainting genres can be history, portrait, animal, landscape, and still life.", "premises-FOL": "Painting(monaLisa) \u2227 TheWorldsBestKnown(monaLisa)\nPaintedBy(monaLisa, leonardodaVinci) \u2227 Portrait(monaLisa)\nScientist(leonardodaVinci) \u2227 Painter(leonardodaVinci)\n\u2200x (Painting(x) \u2192 (History(x) \u2228 Portrait(x) \u2228 Animal(x) \u2228 Landscape(x) \u2228 StillLife(x)))", "conclusion": "No world's best-known artworks are portraits.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (WorldsBestKnown(x) \u2192 \u00acPortrait(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 490} +{"story_id": 339, "premises": "No professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalTennisUmpire(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalTennisPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (WorldTourPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalTennisPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (GrandSlamChampion(x) \u2192 WorldTourPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (GrandSlamUmpire(x) \u2192 ProfessionalTennisUmpire(x))\nWorldTourPlayer(nadal) \u2228 GrandSlamChampion(nadal)", "conclusion": "Nadal is a Grand Slam umpire.", "conclusion-FOL": "GrandSlamUmpire(nadal)", "label": "False", "example_id": 887} +{"story_id": 339, "premises": "No professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalTennisUmpire(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalTennisPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (WorldTourPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalTennisPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (GrandSlamChampion(x) \u2192 WorldTourPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (GrandSlamUmpire(x) \u2192 ProfessionalTennisUmpire(x))\nWorldTourPlayer(nadal) \u2228 GrandSlamChampion(nadal)", "conclusion": "Nadal is not a Grand Slam umpire.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acGrandSlamUmpire(nadal)", "label": "True", "example_id": 888} +{"story_id": 339, "premises": "No professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalTennisUmpire(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalTennisPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (WorldTourPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalTennisPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (GrandSlamChampion(x) \u2192 WorldTourPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (GrandSlamUmpire(x) \u2192 ProfessionalTennisUmpire(x))\nWorldTourPlayer(nadal) \u2228 GrandSlamChampion(nadal)", "conclusion": "Nadal is a Grand Slam champion.", "conclusion-FOL": "GrandSlamChampion(nadal)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 889} +{"story_id": 339, "premises": "No professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalTennisUmpire(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalTennisPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (WorldTourPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalTennisPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (GrandSlamChampion(x) \u2192 WorldTourPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (GrandSlamUmpire(x) \u2192 ProfessionalTennisUmpire(x))\nWorldTourPlayer(nadal) \u2228 GrandSlamChampion(nadal)", "conclusion": "Nadal is neither a Grand Slam umpire nor a professional tennis umpire.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(GrandSlamUmpire(nadal) \u2228 ProfessionalTennisUmpire(nadal))", "label": "True", "example_id": 890} +{"story_id": 339, "premises": "No professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalTennisUmpire(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalTennisPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (WorldTourPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalTennisPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (GrandSlamChampion(x) \u2192 WorldTourPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (GrandSlamUmpire(x) \u2192 ProfessionalTennisUmpire(x))\nWorldTourPlayer(nadal) \u2228 GrandSlamChampion(nadal)", "conclusion": "If Nadal is a professional tennis umpire, then Nadal is a Grand Slam Umpire.", "conclusion-FOL": "ProfessionalTennisUmpire(nadal) \u2192 GrandSlamUmpire(nadal)", "label": "True", "example_id": 891} +{"story_id": 339, "premises": "No professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ProfessionalTennisUmpire(x) \u2192 \u00acProfessionalTennisPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (WorldTourPlayer(x) \u2192 ProfessionalTennisPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (GrandSlamChampion(x) \u2192 WorldTourPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (GrandSlamUmpire(x) \u2192 ProfessionalTennisUmpire(x))\nWorldTourPlayer(nadal) \u2228 GrandSlamChampion(nadal)", "conclusion": "If Nadal is a Grand Slam umpire or a professional tennis player, then Nadal is a Grand Slam umpire.", "conclusion-FOL": "GrandSlamUmpire(nadal) \u2228 ProfessionalTennisPlayer(nadal) \u2192 GrandSlamUmpire(nadal)", "label": "False", "example_id": 892} +{"story_id": 123, "premises": "Businesses are either sanctioned or unsanctioned.\nSanctioned businesses are limited.\nUnsanctioned businesses are free.\nThe Crude Oil Data Exchange is a business that isn't free.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Buisness(x) \u2192 Sanctioned(x) \u2295 \u00acSanctioned(x))\n\u2200x (Buisness(x) \u2227 Sanctioned(x) \u2192 Limited(x))\n\u2200x (Buisness(x) \u2227 \u00acSanctioned(x) \u2192 Free(x))\nBuisness(crudeOilDataExchange) \u2227 \u00acFree(crudeOilDataExchange)", "conclusion": "Crude Oil Data Exchange is sanctioned.", "conclusion-FOL": "Sanctioned(crudeOilDataExchange)", "label": "True", "example_id": 367} +{"story_id": 123, "premises": "Businesses are either sanctioned or unsanctioned.\nSanctioned businesses are limited.\nUnsanctioned businesses are free.\nThe Crude Oil Data Exchange is a business that isn't free.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Buisness(x) \u2192 Sanctioned(x) \u2295 \u00acSanctioned(x))\n\u2200x (Buisness(x) \u2227 Sanctioned(x) \u2192 Limited(x))\n\u2200x (Buisness(x) \u2227 \u00acSanctioned(x) \u2192 Free(x))\nBuisness(crudeOilDataExchange) \u2227 \u00acFree(crudeOilDataExchange)", "conclusion": "Crude Oil Data Exchange is unsanctioned.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acSanctioned(crudeOilDataExchange)", "label": "False", "example_id": 368} +{"story_id": 123, "premises": "Businesses are either sanctioned or unsanctioned.\nSanctioned businesses are limited.\nUnsanctioned businesses are free.\nThe Crude Oil Data Exchange is a business that isn't free.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Buisness(x) \u2192 Sanctioned(x) \u2295 \u00acSanctioned(x))\n\u2200x (Buisness(x) \u2227 Sanctioned(x) \u2192 Limited(x))\n\u2200x (Buisness(x) \u2227 \u00acSanctioned(x) \u2192 Free(x))\nBuisness(crudeOilDataExchange) \u2227 \u00acFree(crudeOilDataExchange)", "conclusion": "Crude Oil Data Exchange is limited.", "conclusion-FOL": "Limited(crudeOilDataExchange)", "label": "True", "example_id": 369} +{"story_id": 301, "premises": "When something is depressing, it is sad.\nThe end of a relationship is depressing. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Depressing(x) \u2192 Sad(x))\nDepressing(v)", "conclusion": "The end of a relationship is invigorating", "conclusion-FOL": "Invigorating(v)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 745} +{"story_id": 103, "premises": "Palstaves are a type of early bronze axe.\nPalstaves are found in northern, western, and southwestern Europe and are cast in molds.\nJohn Evans is an archeologist who popularized the term \"palstave.\"\nPaalstabs are not a type of axe but rather a digging shovel.", "premises-FOL": "EarlyBronzeAge(palstave) \u2227 Axe(palstave)\nFoundIn(palstave, northernEurope) \u2228 FoundIn(palstave, westernEurope) \u2228 FoundIn(palstave, southWesternEurope)) \u2227 CastIn(palstave, molds)\nArcheologist(johnEvans) \u2227 Popularize(johnEvans, termPalstave)\n\u00acAxe(paalstab) \u2227 DiggingShovel(paalstab)", "conclusion": "John Evans Popularized the term paalstab.", "conclusion-FOL": "Popularized(johnEvans, termPalstave)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 313} +{"story_id": 103, "premises": "Palstaves are a type of early bronze axe.\nPalstaves are found in northern, western, and southwestern Europe and are cast in molds.\nJohn Evans is an archeologist who popularized the term \"palstave.\"\nPaalstabs are not a type of axe but rather a digging shovel.", "premises-FOL": "EarlyBronzeAge(palstave) \u2227 Axe(palstave)\nFoundIn(palstave, northernEurope) \u2228 FoundIn(palstave, westernEurope) \u2228 FoundIn(palstave, southWesternEurope)) \u2227 CastIn(palstave, molds)\nArcheologist(johnEvans) \u2227 Popularize(johnEvans, termPalstave)\n\u00acAxe(paalstab) \u2227 DiggingShovel(paalstab)", "conclusion": "There is an axe that is found in Western Europe.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Axe(x) \u2227 FoundIn(x, westernEurope))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 314} +{"story_id": 103, "premises": "Palstaves are a type of early bronze axe.\nPalstaves are found in northern, western, and southwestern Europe and are cast in molds.\nJohn Evans is an archeologist who popularized the term \"palstave.\"\nPaalstabs are not a type of axe but rather a digging shovel.", "premises-FOL": "EarlyBronzeAge(palstave) \u2227 Axe(palstave)\nFoundIn(palstave, northernEurope) \u2228 FoundIn(palstave, westernEurope) \u2228 FoundIn(palstave, southWesternEurope)) \u2227 CastIn(palstave, molds)\nArcheologist(johnEvans) \u2227 Popularize(johnEvans, termPalstave)\n\u00acAxe(paalstab) \u2227 DiggingShovel(paalstab)", "conclusion": "Archeologists haven't popularized anything.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (Archeologist(x) \u2192 \u00acPopularize(x, y))", "label": "False", "example_id": 315} +{"story_id": 90, "premises": "Koei Tecmo is a Japanese video game and anime holding company.\nHolding companies hold several companies.\nTecmo was disbanded in Japan, while Koei survived but was renamed.\nVideo game holding companies are holding companies.", "premises-FOL": "Japanese(koeitecmo) \u2227 VideoGameHoldingCompany(koeitecmo) \u2227 AnimeHoldingCompany(koeitecmo) \u2227 HoldingCompany(x) \n\u2200x (HoldingCompany(x) \u2192 \u2203y(Company(y) \u2227 Holds(x, y)))\nDisbandsIn(tecmo, japan) \u2227 Survives(koei) \u2227 Renames(koei)\n\u2200x (VideoGameHoldingCompany(x) \u2192 HoldingCompany(x))", "conclusion": "Koei Tecmo holds another company.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Company(x) \u2227 Holds(koeitecmo, x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 273} +{"story_id": 90, "premises": "Koei Tecmo is a Japanese video game and anime holding company.\nHolding companies hold several companies.\nTecmo was disbanded in Japan, while Koei survived but was renamed.\nVideo game holding companies are holding companies.", "premises-FOL": "Japanese(koeitecmo) \u2227 VideoGameHoldingCompany(koeitecmo) \u2227 AnimeHoldingCompany(koeitecmo) \u2227 HoldingCompany(x) \n\u2200x (HoldingCompany(x) \u2192 \u2203y(Company(y) \u2227 Holds(x, y)))\nDisbandsIn(tecmo, japan) \u2227 Survives(koei) \u2227 Renames(koei)\n\u2200x (VideoGameHoldingCompany(x) \u2192 HoldingCompany(x))", "conclusion": "Tecmo holds another company.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Company(x) \u2227 Holds(tecmo, x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 274} +{"story_id": 90, "premises": "Koei Tecmo is a Japanese video game and anime holding company.\nHolding companies hold several companies.\nTecmo was disbanded in Japan, while Koei survived but was renamed.\nVideo game holding companies are holding companies.", "premises-FOL": "Japanese(koeitecmo) \u2227 VideoGameHoldingCompany(koeitecmo) \u2227 AnimeHoldingCompany(koeitecmo) \u2227 HoldingCompany(x) \n\u2200x (HoldingCompany(x) \u2192 \u2203y(Company(y) \u2227 Holds(x, y)))\nDisbandsIn(tecmo, japan) \u2227 Survives(koei) \u2227 Renames(koei)\n\u2200x (VideoGameHoldingCompany(x) \u2192 HoldingCompany(x))", "conclusion": "Koei Tecmo holds anime.", "conclusion-FOL": "AnimeHoldingCompany(koeitecmo)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 275} +{"story_id": 199, "premises": "The PlayStation EyeToy is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 2 system. \nThe PlayStation Eye is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 3 system.\nThe PlayStation Camera is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 4 and the PlayStation 5 systems.\nCamera accessories for a system are compatible with that system.\nPlaystation 2, 3,4, and 5 are all different.\nOnly the PlayStation Camera camera system is compatible with different systems.", "premises-FOL": "System(playStation2) \u2227 CameraAccessoryFor(playStationEyeToy, playStation2)\nSystem(playStation3) \u2227 CameraAccessoryFor(playStationEye, playStation3) \nSystem(playStation4) \u2227 System(playStation5) \u2227 CameraAccessoryFor(playStationCamera, playStation4) \u2227 CameraAccessoryFor(playStationCamera, playStation5)\n\u2200x \u2200y (CameraAccessoryFor(x, y) \u2227 System(y) \u2192 CompatibleWith(x, y))\n\u00ac(playStation2=playStation3) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation2=playStation4) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation2=playStation5) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation3=playStation4) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation3=playStation5) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation4=playStation5)\n\u2200x \u2203y \u2203z (System(y) \u2227 System(z) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 CompatibleWith(x, y) \u2227 CompatibleWith(x, z) \u2192 x=playstationCamera)", "conclusion": "The Playstation Eye is compatible with the PlayStation 2 and the PlayStation 3.", "conclusion-FOL": "Compatible(playStationEye, playStation2) \u2227 Compatible(playStationEye, playStation3)", "label": "False", "example_id": 566} +{"story_id": 199, "premises": "The PlayStation EyeToy is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 2 system. \nThe PlayStation Eye is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 3 system.\nThe PlayStation Camera is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 4 and the PlayStation 5 systems.\nCamera accessories for a system are compatible with that system.\nPlaystation 2, 3,4, and 5 are all different.\nOnly the PlayStation Camera camera system is compatible with different systems.", "premises-FOL": "System(playStation2) \u2227 CameraAccessoryFor(playStationEyeToy, playStation2)\nSystem(playStation3) \u2227 CameraAccessoryFor(playStationEye, playStation3) \nSystem(playStation4) \u2227 System(playStation5) \u2227 CameraAccessoryFor(playStationCamera, playStation4) \u2227 CameraAccessoryFor(playStationCamera, playStation5)\n\u2200x \u2200y (CameraAccessoryFor(x, y) \u2227 System(y) \u2192 CompatibleWith(x, y))\n\u00ac(playStation2=playStation3) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation2=playStation4) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation2=playStation5) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation3=playStation4) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation3=playStation5) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation4=playStation5)\n\u2200x \u2203y \u2203z (System(y) \u2227 System(z) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 CompatibleWith(x, y) \u2227 CompatibleWith(x, z) \u2192 x=playstationCamera)", "conclusion": "The Playstation EyeToy is compatible with the PlayStation 2.", "conclusion-FOL": "Compatible(playStationEyeToy, playStation2)", "label": "True", "example_id": 567} +{"story_id": 199, "premises": "The PlayStation EyeToy is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 2 system. \nThe PlayStation Eye is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 3 system.\nThe PlayStation Camera is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 4 and the PlayStation 5 systems.\nCamera accessories for a system are compatible with that system.\nPlaystation 2, 3,4, and 5 are all different.\nOnly the PlayStation Camera camera system is compatible with different systems.", "premises-FOL": "System(playStation2) \u2227 CameraAccessoryFor(playStationEyeToy, playStation2)\nSystem(playStation3) \u2227 CameraAccessoryFor(playStationEye, playStation3) \nSystem(playStation4) \u2227 System(playStation5) \u2227 CameraAccessoryFor(playStationCamera, playStation4) \u2227 CameraAccessoryFor(playStationCamera, playStation5)\n\u2200x \u2200y (CameraAccessoryFor(x, y) \u2227 System(y) \u2192 CompatibleWith(x, y))\n\u00ac(playStation2=playStation3) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation2=playStation4) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation2=playStation5) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation3=playStation4) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation3=playStation5) \u2227 \u00ac(playStation4=playStation5)\n\u2200x \u2203y \u2203z (System(y) \u2227 System(z) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 CompatibleWith(x, y) \u2227 CompatibleWith(x, z) \u2192 x=playstationCamera)", "conclusion": "The Playstation Camera can be used for all Playstation consoles.", "conclusion-FOL": "Compatible(playStationCamera, playStation2) \u2227 Compatible(playStationCamera, playStation3) \u2227 Compatible(playStationCamera, playStation4) \u2227 Compatible(playStationCamera, playStation5)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 568} +{"story_id": 274, "premises": "Adam Buska is a European football player.\nIf a European plays football, they play what Americans call soccer.", "premises-FOL": "FootballPlayer(adamBuska) \u2227 European(adamBuska)\n\u2200x (FootballPlayer(x) \u2227 European(x) \u2192 \u2203y (Call(american, y, soccer) \u2227 Play(x, y)))", "conclusion": "Adam Buska plays what Americans call soccer.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203y (Call(american, y, soccer) \u2227 Play(adamBuska, y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 718} +{"story_id": 411, "premises": "If a game is one of the top-3 best selling video-games, then it is multiplatform.\nIf a game has sold more than 100 million copies, then it is one of the top-3 best-selling video games.\nSome games that support Windows are developed by Nintendo.\nAll multiplatform games can be played on a wide range of devices.\nPokemon Diamond version is neither developed by Nintendo nor can be played on a wide range of devices.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ATop3BestSellingVideoGame(x) \u2192 Multiplatform(x))\n\u2200x (SoldMoreThan100MillionCopies(x) \u2192 ATop3BestSellingVideoGame(x))\n\u2203x ((SupportsWindows(x) \u2227 AGameDevelopedByNintendo(x)))\n\u2200x (Multiplatform(x) \u2192 CanBePlayedOnAWideRangeOfDevices(x))\n\u00ac(DevelopedByNintendo(PokemonDiamond) \u2228 CanBePlayedOnAWideRangeOfDevices(PokemonDiamond))", "conclusion": "Pokemon Diamond version supports Windows.", "conclusion-FOL": "Game(PokemonDiamond) \u2227 SupportsWindows(PokemonDiamond)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1152} +{"story_id": 411, "premises": "If a game is one of the top-3 best selling video-games, then it is multiplatform.\nIf a game has sold more than 100 million copies, then it is one of the top-3 best-selling video games.\nSome games that support Windows are developed by Nintendo.\nAll multiplatform games can be played on a wide range of devices.\nPokemon Diamond version is neither developed by Nintendo nor can be played on a wide range of devices.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ATop3BestSellingVideoGame(x) \u2192 Multiplatform(x))\n\u2200x (SoldMoreThan100MillionCopies(x) \u2192 ATop3BestSellingVideoGame(x))\n\u2203x ((SupportsWindows(x) \u2227 AGameDevelopedByNintendo(x)))\n\u2200x (Multiplatform(x) \u2192 CanBePlayedOnAWideRangeOfDevices(x))\n\u00ac(DevelopedByNintendo(PokemonDiamond) \u2228 CanBePlayedOnAWideRangeOfDevices(PokemonDiamond))", "conclusion": "Pokemon Diamond version supports Windows and has sold more than 100 million copies.", "conclusion-FOL": "(Game(PokemonDiamond) \u2227 SupportsWindows(PokemonDiamond)) \u2227 (Game(PokemonDiamond) \u2227 SoldMoreThan100MillionCopies(PokemonDiamond))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1153} +{"story_id": 411, "premises": "If a game is one of the top-3 best selling video-games, then it is multiplatform.\nIf a game has sold more than 100 million copies, then it is one of the top-3 best-selling video games.\nSome games that support Windows are developed by Nintendo.\nAll multiplatform games can be played on a wide range of devices.\nPokemon Diamond version is neither developed by Nintendo nor can be played on a wide range of devices.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ATop3BestSellingVideoGame(x) \u2192 Multiplatform(x))\n\u2200x (SoldMoreThan100MillionCopies(x) \u2192 ATop3BestSellingVideoGame(x))\n\u2203x ((SupportsWindows(x) \u2227 AGameDevelopedByNintendo(x)))\n\u2200x (Multiplatform(x) \u2192 CanBePlayedOnAWideRangeOfDevices(x))\n\u00ac(DevelopedByNintendo(PokemonDiamond) \u2228 CanBePlayedOnAWideRangeOfDevices(PokemonDiamond))", "conclusion": "If Pokemon Diamond version either supports Windows or has sold more than 100 million copies, then Pokemon Diamond version either is both multiplatform and one of the top-3 best selling video games, or is neither multiplatform nor one of the top-3 best selling video games.", "conclusion-FOL": "((Game(PokemonDiamond) \u2227 SupportsWindows(PokemonDiamond)) \u2295 ((Game(PokemonDiamond) v (SoldMoreThan100MillionCopies(PokemonDiamond))) \u2192 (Multiplatform(PokemonDiamond) \u2227 (Game(PokemonDiamond) \u2227 ATop3BestSellingVideoGame(PokemonDiamond))) \u2295 (\u00acMultiplatform(PokemonDiamond) \u2227 \u00ac(Game(PokemonDiamond) \u2227 ATop3BestSellingVideoGame(PokemonDiamond)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1154} +{"story_id": 206, "premises": "China is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from China, then they are from a country of BRICS.\nIndia is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from India, then they are in a country of BRICS.\nAll people from China are Chinese people.\nAll people from India are Indian people.\nThere is a person from India.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (BRIC(x) \u2227 \u00ac(x=china) \u2227 BRIC(china) \u2227 Emerging(chinaEconomy))\n\u2200x (From(x, china) \u2192 From(x, bric))\nBRIC(india) \u2227 Emerging(indiaEconomy)\n\u2200x (From(x, india) \u2192 From(x, bric))\n\u2200x (From(x, china) \u2192 Chinese(x))\n\u2200x (From(x, india) \u2192 Indian(x))\n\u2203x (From(x, india))", "conclusion": "No people from BRICS are Indian people.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (From(x, countryOfBRICS) \u2192 \u00acIndianPeople(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 589} +{"story_id": 206, "premises": "China is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from China, then they are from a country of BRICS.\nIndia is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from India, then they are in a country of BRICS.\nAll people from China are Chinese people.\nAll people from India are Indian people.\nThere is a person from India.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (BRIC(x) \u2227 \u00ac(x=china) \u2227 BRIC(china) \u2227 Emerging(chinaEconomy))\n\u2200x (From(x, china) \u2192 From(x, bric))\nBRIC(india) \u2227 Emerging(indiaEconomy)\n\u2200x (From(x, india) \u2192 From(x, bric))\n\u2200x (From(x, china) \u2192 Chinese(x))\n\u2200x (From(x, india) \u2192 Indian(x))\n\u2203x (From(x, india))", "conclusion": "India's economy is not emerging.", "conclusion-FOL": "EmergingEconomy(india)", "label": "False", "example_id": 590} +{"story_id": 206, "premises": "China is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from China, then they are from a country of BRICS.\nIndia is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from India, then they are in a country of BRICS.\nAll people from China are Chinese people.\nAll people from India are Indian people.\nThere is a person from India.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (BRIC(x) \u2227 \u00ac(x=china) \u2227 BRIC(china) \u2227 Emerging(chinaEconomy))\n\u2200x (From(x, china) \u2192 From(x, bric))\nBRIC(india) \u2227 Emerging(indiaEconomy)\n\u2200x (From(x, india) \u2192 From(x, bric))\n\u2200x (From(x, china) \u2192 Chinese(x))\n\u2200x (From(x, india) \u2192 Indian(x))\n\u2203x (From(x, india))", "conclusion": "There is an Indian people from BRICS.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (IndianPeople(x) \u2227 From(x, countryOfBRICS))", "label": "True", "example_id": 591} +{"story_id": 87, "premises": "Daveed Diggs is an actor and film producer.\nDaveed Diggs played two roles in the musical Hamilton on Broadway.\nOne of the actors from Hamilton won the best actor award.\nThe actor playing Thomas Jefferson won the best actor award.\nDaveed Diggs played Thomas Jefferson.\nMusicals on Broadway are not films.", "premises-FOL": "Actor(daveedDiggs) \u2227 FilmProducer(daveedDiggs)\n\u2203x \u2203y(PlaysIn(daveedDiggs, x, hamilton) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 PlaysIn(daveedDiggs, y, hamilton)) \u2227 OnBroadway(hamilton) \u2227 Musical(hamilton)\n\u2203x \u2203y(Actor(x) \u2227 PlaysIn(x, y, hamilton) \u2227 Wins(x, bestActorAward))\n\u2203x (Actor(x) \u2227 PlaysIn(x, thomasJefferson, hamilton) \u2227 Wins(x, bestActorAward))\nPlays(daveedDiggs, thomasJefferson)\n\u2200x ((Musical(x) \u2227 OnBroadway(x)) \u2192 \u00acFilm(x))", "conclusion": "Hamilton is a film.", "conclusion-FOL": "Film(hamilton)", "label": "False", "example_id": 264} +{"story_id": 87, "premises": "Daveed Diggs is an actor and film producer.\nDaveed Diggs played two roles in the musical Hamilton on Broadway.\nOne of the actors from Hamilton won the best actor award.\nThe actor playing Thomas Jefferson won the best actor award.\nDaveed Diggs played Thomas Jefferson.\nMusicals on Broadway are not films.", "premises-FOL": "Actor(daveedDiggs) \u2227 FilmProducer(daveedDiggs)\n\u2203x \u2203y(PlaysIn(daveedDiggs, x, hamilton) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 PlaysIn(daveedDiggs, y, hamilton)) \u2227 OnBroadway(hamilton) \u2227 Musical(hamilton)\n\u2203x \u2203y(Actor(x) \u2227 PlaysIn(x, y, hamilton) \u2227 Wins(x, bestActorAward))\n\u2203x (Actor(x) \u2227 PlaysIn(x, thomasJefferson, hamilton) \u2227 Wins(x, bestActorAward))\nPlays(daveedDiggs, thomasJefferson)\n\u2200x ((Musical(x) \u2227 OnBroadway(x)) \u2192 \u00acFilm(x))", "conclusion": "Daveed Diggs won the best actor award.", "conclusion-FOL": "Wins(daveedDiggs, bestActorAward)", "label": "True", "example_id": 265} +{"story_id": 87, "premises": "Daveed Diggs is an actor and film producer.\nDaveed Diggs played two roles in the musical Hamilton on Broadway.\nOne of the actors from Hamilton won the best actor award.\nThe actor playing Thomas Jefferson won the best actor award.\nDaveed Diggs played Thomas Jefferson.\nMusicals on Broadway are not films.", "premises-FOL": "Actor(daveedDiggs) \u2227 FilmProducer(daveedDiggs)\n\u2203x \u2203y(PlaysIn(daveedDiggs, x, hamilton) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 PlaysIn(daveedDiggs, y, hamilton)) \u2227 OnBroadway(hamilton) \u2227 Musical(hamilton)\n\u2203x \u2203y(Actor(x) \u2227 PlaysIn(x, y, hamilton) \u2227 Wins(x, bestActorAward))\n\u2203x (Actor(x) \u2227 PlaysIn(x, thomasJefferson, hamilton) \u2227 Wins(x, bestActorAward))\nPlays(daveedDiggs, thomasJefferson)\n\u2200x ((Musical(x) \u2227 OnBroadway(x)) \u2192 \u00acFilm(x))", "conclusion": "Hamilton won two awards.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y(Wins(hamilton, x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Wins(hamilton, y))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 266} +{"story_id": 221, "premises": "Ernest Pohl was a Polish football player. \nA football player in the Polish First Division has scored over 180 goals. \nErnest Pohl scored more than 180 goals in the Polish First Division. \nG\u00f3rnik Zabrze's stadium was named after a soccer player from Ruda \u015al\u0105ska. \nErnest Pohl is from Ruda \u015al\u0105ska. ", "premises-FOL": "Polish(ernestPohl) \u2227 FootballPlayer(ernestPohl)\n\u2203x (FootballPlayer(x) \u2227 In(x, polishFirstDivision) \u2227 ScoredOver(x, 180Goals))\nIn(ernestPohl, polishFirstDivision) \u2227 ScoredOver(ernestPohl, 180Goals)\n\u2203x \u2203y (GornikZabrzes(x) \u2227 Stadium(x) \u2227 NamedAfter(x, y) \u2227 SoccerPlayer(y) \u2227 From(y, ruda\u015al\u0105ska))\nFrom(ernestPohl, ruda\u015al\u0105ska))", "conclusion": "Ernest Pohl has not scored more than 180 goals.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acScoredOver(ernestPohl, 180Goals)", "label": "False", "example_id": 626} +{"story_id": 221, "premises": "Ernest Pohl was a Polish football player. \nA football player in the Polish First Division has scored over 180 goals. \nErnest Pohl scored more than 180 goals in the Polish First Division. \nG\u00f3rnik Zabrze's stadium was named after a soccer player from Ruda \u015al\u0105ska. \nErnest Pohl is from Ruda \u015al\u0105ska. ", "premises-FOL": "Polish(ernestPohl) \u2227 FootballPlayer(ernestPohl)\n\u2203x (FootballPlayer(x) \u2227 In(x, polishFirstDivision) \u2227 ScoredOver(x, 180Goals))\nIn(ernestPohl, polishFirstDivision) \u2227 ScoredOver(ernestPohl, 180Goals)\n\u2203x \u2203y (GornikZabrzes(x) \u2227 Stadium(x) \u2227 NamedAfter(x, y) \u2227 SoccerPlayer(y) \u2227 From(y, ruda\u015al\u0105ska))\nFrom(ernestPohl, ruda\u015al\u0105ska))", "conclusion": "G\u00f3rnik Zabrze's stadium was named after Ernest Pohl.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (GornikZabrzes(x) \u2227 Stadium(x) \u2192 NamedAfter(x, ernestPohl))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 627} +{"story_id": 142, "premises": "Ann J. Land was a member of the Philadelphia City Council and the Democratic Party.\nAnn J. Land ran unopposed for the Philadelphia City Council in 1980.\nPeople who run unopposed for the Philadelphia City Council are elected to the positions they run for in the same year.\nMichael Nutter was a political challenger.\nAnn J. Land defeated Michael Nutter and ran for the Philadelphia City Council in 1987.", "premises-FOL": "MemberOf(annJLand, philadelphiaCityCouncil) \u2227 MemberOf(annJLand, democraticParty)\nRunUnopposedFor(ann, philadelphiaCityCouncil, year1980)\n\u2200x \u2200y (RunUnopposedFor(x, philadelphiaCityCouncil, y) \u2192 ElectedTo(x, philadelphiaCityCouncil, y))\nPoliticalChallenger(michaelNutter)\nDefeat(annJLand, michaelNutter) \u2227 RunFor(annJLand, philadelphiaCityCouncil, year1987)", "conclusion": "Ann J. Land was elected to the Philadelphia City Council in 1980.", "conclusion-FOL": "ElectedTo(ann, philadelphiaCityCouncil, year1980)", "label": "True", "example_id": 416} +{"story_id": 142, "premises": "Ann J. Land was a member of the Philadelphia City Council and the Democratic Party.\nAnn J. Land ran unopposed for the Philadelphia City Council in 1980.\nPeople who run unopposed for the Philadelphia City Council are elected to the positions they run for in the same year.\nMichael Nutter was a political challenger.\nAnn J. Land defeated Michael Nutter and ran for the Philadelphia City Council in 1987.", "premises-FOL": "MemberOf(annJLand, philadelphiaCityCouncil) \u2227 MemberOf(annJLand, democraticParty)\nRunUnopposedFor(ann, philadelphiaCityCouncil, year1980)\n\u2200x \u2200y (RunUnopposedFor(x, philadelphiaCityCouncil, y) \u2192 ElectedTo(x, philadelphiaCityCouncil, y))\nPoliticalChallenger(michaelNutter)\nDefeat(annJLand, michaelNutter) \u2227 RunFor(annJLand, philadelphiaCityCouncil, year1987)", "conclusion": "Ann J. Land was elected to the Philadelphia City Council in 1987.", "conclusion-FOL": "ElectedTo(ann, philadelphiaCityCouncil, year1987)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 417} +{"story_id": 142, "premises": "Ann J. Land was a member of the Philadelphia City Council and the Democratic Party.\nAnn J. Land ran unopposed for the Philadelphia City Council in 1980.\nPeople who run unopposed for the Philadelphia City Council are elected to the positions they run for in the same year.\nMichael Nutter was a political challenger.\nAnn J. Land defeated Michael Nutter and ran for the Philadelphia City Council in 1987.", "premises-FOL": "MemberOf(annJLand, philadelphiaCityCouncil) \u2227 MemberOf(annJLand, democraticParty)\nRunUnopposedFor(ann, philadelphiaCityCouncil, year1980)\n\u2200x \u2200y (RunUnopposedFor(x, philadelphiaCityCouncil, y) \u2192 ElectedTo(x, philadelphiaCityCouncil, y))\nPoliticalChallenger(michaelNutter)\nDefeat(annJLand, michaelNutter) \u2227 RunFor(annJLand, philadelphiaCityCouncil, year1987)", "conclusion": "There was some member of the Democratic Party elected to the Philadelphia City Council in 1980.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (MemberOf(x, democraticParty) \u2227 ElectedTo(x, philadelphiaCouncil, year1980))", "label": "True", "example_id": 418} +{"story_id": 111, "premises": "Aberdeen won the cup in the 2013 final.\nRangers won the cup in the 2014 final.\nAberdeen and Rangers are different teams.\nDifferent teams cannot win the cup in the same year's final.", "premises-FOL": "WonCup(aberdeen, year2013Final)\nWonCup(rangers, year2014Final)\n\u00ac(aberdeen=rangers)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z \u2200w (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 WonCup(x, z) \u2227 WonCup(y, w) \u2192 \u00ac(z=w))", "conclusion": "Rangers won the cup in 2015.", "conclusion-FOL": "WonCup(rangers, year2015Final)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 336} +{"story_id": 111, "premises": "Aberdeen won the cup in the 2013 final.\nRangers won the cup in the 2014 final.\nAberdeen and Rangers are different teams.\nDifferent teams cannot win the cup in the same year's final.", "premises-FOL": "WonCup(aberdeen, year2013Final)\nWonCup(rangers, year2014Final)\n\u00ac(aberdeen=rangers)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z \u2200w (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 WonCup(x, z) \u2227 WonCup(y, w) \u2192 \u00ac(z=w))", "conclusion": "Rangers won the cup in 2013.", "conclusion-FOL": "WonCup(rangers, year2013Final)", "label": "False", "example_id": 337} +{"story_id": 111, "premises": "Aberdeen won the cup in the 2013 final.\nRangers won the cup in the 2014 final.\nAberdeen and Rangers are different teams.\nDifferent teams cannot win the cup in the same year's final.", "premises-FOL": "WonCup(aberdeen, year2013Final)\nWonCup(rangers, year2014Final)\n\u00ac(aberdeen=rangers)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z \u2200w (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 WonCup(x, z) \u2227 WonCup(y, w) \u2192 \u00ac(z=w))", "conclusion": "Aberdeen has once won a cup.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (WonCup(aberdeen, x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 338} +{"story_id": 329, "premises": "All young working professionals who have regular 9-5 jobs have stable jobs.\nSome people living in Manhattan are young professionals with regular 9-5 jobs.\nAll people who have stable jobs are people who work regularly.\nPeople who work regularly do not frequently disobey their bosses.\nMary either frequently disobeys her bosses and works regularly, or that she neither frequently disobeys her bosses nor works regularly.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (YoungWorkingProfessional(x) \u2227 Have(x, regular9To5Job) \u2192 Have(x, stableJob))\n\u2203x (LiveIn(x, manhattan) \u2227 YoungWorkingProfessional(x) \u2227 Have(x, regular9To5Job))\n\u2200x (Have(x, stableJob) \u2192 WorkRegularly(x))\n\u2200x (WorkRegularly(x) \u2192 \u00acDisobeyFrequently(x, boss))\n\u00ac(DisobeyFrequently(mary, boss) \u2295 WorkRegularly(mary))", "conclusion": "Mary lives in Manhattan.", "conclusion-FOL": "LiveIn(mary, manhattan)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 843} +{"story_id": 329, "premises": "All young working professionals who have regular 9-5 jobs have stable jobs.\nSome people living in Manhattan are young professionals with regular 9-5 jobs.\nAll people who have stable jobs are people who work regularly.\nPeople who work regularly do not frequently disobey their bosses.\nMary either frequently disobeys her bosses and works regularly, or that she neither frequently disobeys her bosses nor works regularly.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (YoungWorkingProfessional(x) \u2227 Have(x, regular9To5Job) \u2192 Have(x, stableJob))\n\u2203x (LiveIn(x, manhattan) \u2227 YoungWorkingProfessional(x) \u2227 Have(x, regular9To5Job))\n\u2200x (Have(x, stableJob) \u2192 WorkRegularly(x))\n\u2200x (WorkRegularly(x) \u2192 \u00acDisobeyFrequently(x, boss))\n\u00ac(DisobeyFrequently(mary, boss) \u2295 WorkRegularly(mary))", "conclusion": "Mary lives in Manhattan and is a young working professional who has a regular 9-5 job.", "conclusion-FOL": "LiveIn(mary, manhattan) \u2227 YoungWorkingProfessional(mary) \u2227 Have(mary, regular9-5Job)", "label": "False", "example_id": 844} +{"story_id": 329, "premises": "All young working professionals who have regular 9-5 jobs have stable jobs.\nSome people living in Manhattan are young professionals with regular 9-5 jobs.\nAll people who have stable jobs are people who work regularly.\nPeople who work regularly do not frequently disobey their bosses.\nMary either frequently disobeys her bosses and works regularly, or that she neither frequently disobeys her bosses nor works regularly.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (YoungWorkingProfessional(x) \u2227 Have(x, regular9To5Job) \u2192 Have(x, stableJob))\n\u2203x (LiveIn(x, manhattan) \u2227 YoungWorkingProfessional(x) \u2227 Have(x, regular9To5Job))\n\u2200x (Have(x, stableJob) \u2192 WorkRegularly(x))\n\u2200x (WorkRegularly(x) \u2192 \u00acDisobeyFrequently(x, boss))\n\u00ac(DisobeyFrequently(mary, boss) \u2295 WorkRegularly(mary))", "conclusion": "If Mary is a young working professional who has a regular 9-5 job, then Mary does not live in Manhattan.", "conclusion-FOL": "YoungWorkingProfessional(mary) \u2227 Have(mary, regular9-5Job) \u2192 \u00acLiveIn(mary, manhattan)", "label": "True", "example_id": 845} +{"story_id": 397, "premises": "All brain study designs are either block designs or event-related designs. \nAll event-related brain study designs are brain image acquisition.\nAll brain image acquisition in brain study designs is preceded by data processing.\nNothing in brain study designs preceded by data processing analyzes data.\nPicture memory is a type of brain study design that is not either event-related or analyzing data.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (BrainStudy(x) \u2192 (BlockDesign(x) \u2295 Event-relatedDesign(x)))\n\u2200x ((BrainStudy(x) \u2227 EventRelatedDesign(x)) \u2192 BrainImageAcquisition(x))\n\u2200x ((BrainStudy(x) \u2227 BrainImageAcquisition(x)) \u2192 PrecededBy(x, dataProcessing))\n\u2200x ((BrainStudy(x) \u2227 PrecededBy(x, dataProcessing)) \u2192 \u00acAnalyze(x, data))\nBrainStudy(pictureMemory) \u2227 (\u00ac(EventRelatedDesign(pictureMemory) \u2295 AnalyzingData(pictureMemory)))", "conclusion": "Picture memory is preceded by data processing.", "conclusion-FOL": "PrecededBy(pictureMemory, dataProcessing)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1080} +{"story_id": 397, "premises": "All brain study designs are either block designs or event-related designs. \nAll event-related brain study designs are brain image acquisition.\nAll brain image acquisition in brain study designs is preceded by data processing.\nNothing in brain study designs preceded by data processing analyzes data.\nPicture memory is a type of brain study design that is not either event-related or analyzing data.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (BrainStudy(x) \u2192 (BlockDesign(x) \u2295 Event-relatedDesign(x)))\n\u2200x ((BrainStudy(x) \u2227 EventRelatedDesign(x)) \u2192 BrainImageAcquisition(x))\n\u2200x ((BrainStudy(x) \u2227 BrainImageAcquisition(x)) \u2192 PrecededBy(x, dataProcessing))\n\u2200x ((BrainStudy(x) \u2227 PrecededBy(x, dataProcessing)) \u2192 \u00acAnalyze(x, data))\nBrainStudy(pictureMemory) \u2227 (\u00ac(EventRelatedDesign(pictureMemory) \u2295 AnalyzingData(pictureMemory)))", "conclusion": "Picture memory is a block design.", "conclusion-FOL": "BlockDesign(pictureMemory)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1081} +{"story_id": 397, "premises": "All brain study designs are either block designs or event-related designs. \nAll event-related brain study designs are brain image acquisition.\nAll brain image acquisition in brain study designs is preceded by data processing.\nNothing in brain study designs preceded by data processing analyzes data.\nPicture memory is a type of brain study design that is not either event-related or analyzing data.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (BrainStudy(x) \u2192 (BlockDesign(x) \u2295 Event-relatedDesign(x)))\n\u2200x ((BrainStudy(x) \u2227 EventRelatedDesign(x)) \u2192 BrainImageAcquisition(x))\n\u2200x ((BrainStudy(x) \u2227 BrainImageAcquisition(x)) \u2192 PrecededBy(x, dataProcessing))\n\u2200x ((BrainStudy(x) \u2227 PrecededBy(x, dataProcessing)) \u2192 \u00acAnalyze(x, data))\nBrainStudy(pictureMemory) \u2227 (\u00ac(EventRelatedDesign(pictureMemory) \u2295 AnalyzingData(pictureMemory)))", "conclusion": "Picture memory is either a block design or analyzing data.", "conclusion-FOL": "BlockDesign(pictureMemory) \u2295 Analyze(pictureMemory, data)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1082} +{"story_id": 397, "premises": "All brain study designs are either block designs or event-related designs. \nAll event-related brain study designs are brain image acquisition.\nAll brain image acquisition in brain study designs is preceded by data processing.\nNothing in brain study designs preceded by data processing analyzes data.\nPicture memory is a type of brain study design that is not either event-related or analyzing data.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (BrainStudy(x) \u2192 (BlockDesign(x) \u2295 Event-relatedDesign(x)))\n\u2200x ((BrainStudy(x) \u2227 EventRelatedDesign(x)) \u2192 BrainImageAcquisition(x))\n\u2200x ((BrainStudy(x) \u2227 BrainImageAcquisition(x)) \u2192 PrecededBy(x, dataProcessing))\n\u2200x ((BrainStudy(x) \u2227 PrecededBy(x, dataProcessing)) \u2192 \u00acAnalyze(x, data))\nBrainStudy(pictureMemory) \u2227 (\u00ac(EventRelatedDesign(pictureMemory) \u2295 AnalyzingData(pictureMemory)))", "conclusion": "If picture memory is not analyzing data, then picture memory is a block design and analyzing data.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acAnalyze(pictureMemory, data) \u2192 (BlockDesign(pictureMemory) \u2227 Analyze(pictureMemory, data))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1083} +{"story_id": 277, "premises": "The USS Lyon was a US Navy ship involved in WWII.\nAll ships involved in WWII are currently decommissioned or in a museum.", "premises-FOL": "USNavyShip(theUSSLyon) \u2227 InvolvedIn(theUSSLyon, wWII)\n\u2200x (InvolvedIn(x, wWII) \u2192 (CurrentlyDecommissioned(x) \u2228 In(x, museum)))", "conclusion": "The USS Lyon is currently decommissioned.", "conclusion-FOL": "CurrentlyDecommissioned(theUSSLyon)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 721} +{"story_id": 349, "premises": "All disposables are designed to be used only once.\nSome items used in Tom's house are eco-friendly.\nEvery item used in Tom's house is either disposable or reusable. \nIf something is made from metal, then it is not made from plastic. \nAll reusable items used in Tom's house are made from metal.\nThe chopsticks used in Tom's house are either made from metals and plastics, or that they are neither made from metals nor plastics.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disposable(x) \u2192 DesignedToBeOnlyUsedOnce(x))\n\u2203x (EcoFriendly(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, tomsHouse) \u2192 Disposable(x) \u2295 Reusable(x))\n\u2200x (MadeFrom(x, metal) \u2192 \u00acMadeFrom(x, plastic))\n\u2200x (Reusable(x) \u2192 MadeFrom(x, metal))\n\u00ac(MadeFrom(chopsticksUsedInTomsHouse, metal) \u2295 MadeFrom(chopsticksUsedInTomsHouse, plastic))", "conclusion": "The chopsticks used in Tom's house are eco-friendly.", "conclusion-FOL": "EcoFriendly(chopsticks)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 924} +{"story_id": 349, "premises": "All disposables are designed to be used only once.\nSome items used in Tom's house are eco-friendly.\nEvery item used in Tom's house is either disposable or reusable. \nIf something is made from metal, then it is not made from plastic. \nAll reusable items used in Tom's house are made from metal.\nThe chopsticks used in Tom's house are either made from metals and plastics, or that they are neither made from metals nor plastics.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disposable(x) \u2192 DesignedToBeOnlyUsedOnce(x))\n\u2203x (EcoFriendly(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, tomsHouse) \u2192 Disposable(x) \u2295 Reusable(x))\n\u2200x (MadeFrom(x, metal) \u2192 \u00acMadeFrom(x, plastic))\n\u2200x (Reusable(x) \u2192 MadeFrom(x, metal))\n\u00ac(MadeFrom(chopsticksUsedInTomsHouse, metal) \u2295 MadeFrom(chopsticksUsedInTomsHouse, plastic))", "conclusion": "The chopsticks used in Tom's house are eco-friendly or designed to be used only once.", "conclusion-FOL": "EcoFriendly(chopsticks) \u2228 DesignedToBeOnlyUsedOnce(chopsticks)", "label": "True", "example_id": 925} +{"story_id": 349, "premises": "All disposables are designed to be used only once.\nSome items used in Tom's house are eco-friendly.\nEvery item used in Tom's house is either disposable or reusable. \nIf something is made from metal, then it is not made from plastic. \nAll reusable items used in Tom's house are made from metal.\nThe chopsticks used in Tom's house are either made from metals and plastics, or that they are neither made from metals nor plastics.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Disposable(x) \u2192 DesignedToBeOnlyUsedOnce(x))\n\u2203x (EcoFriendly(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, tomsHouse) \u2192 Disposable(x) \u2295 Reusable(x))\n\u2200x (MadeFrom(x, metal) \u2192 \u00acMadeFrom(x, plastic))\n\u2200x (Reusable(x) \u2192 MadeFrom(x, metal))\n\u00ac(MadeFrom(chopsticksUsedInTomsHouse, metal) \u2295 MadeFrom(chopsticksUsedInTomsHouse, plastic))", "conclusion": "If chopsticks used in Tom's house are made from plastic or designed to be used only once, then they are made from plastic and are eco-friendly.", "conclusion-FOL": "MadeFrom(chopsticks, plastic) \u2228 DesignedBeOnlyUsedOnce(chopsticks) \u2192 MadeFrom(chopsticks, plastic) \u2227 EcoFriendly(chopsticks)", "label": "False", "example_id": 926} +{"story_id": 445, "premises": "Anything lazy is unproductive.\nNo one unproductive is energetic.\nIf something is a sloth, then it is lazy.\nSome animals are sloths.\nSid is neither an energetic person nor a sloth.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Lazy(x) \u2192 Unproductive(x))\n\u2200x (Unproductive(x) \u2192 \u00acEnergetic(x))\n\u2200x (Sloth(x) \u2192 Lazy(x))\n\u2203x (Animal(x) \u2227 Sloth(x))\n\u00acEnergetic(sid) \u2227 \u00acSloth(sid))", "conclusion": "Sid is an animal.", "conclusion-FOL": "Animal(sid)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1280} +{"story_id": 445, "premises": "Anything lazy is unproductive.\nNo one unproductive is energetic.\nIf something is a sloth, then it is lazy.\nSome animals are sloths.\nSid is neither an energetic person nor a sloth.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Lazy(x) \u2192 Unproductive(x))\n\u2200x (Unproductive(x) \u2192 \u00acEnergetic(x))\n\u2200x (Sloth(x) \u2192 Lazy(x))\n\u2203x (Animal(x) \u2227 Sloth(x))\n\u00acEnergetic(sid) \u2227 \u00acSloth(sid))", "conclusion": "Sid is an energetic person and an animal.", "conclusion-FOL": "Energetic(sid) \u2227 Animal(sid)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1281} +{"story_id": 445, "premises": "Anything lazy is unproductive.\nNo one unproductive is energetic.\nIf something is a sloth, then it is lazy.\nSome animals are sloths.\nSid is neither an energetic person nor a sloth.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Lazy(x) \u2192 Unproductive(x))\n\u2200x (Unproductive(x) \u2192 \u00acEnergetic(x))\n\u2200x (Sloth(x) \u2192 Lazy(x))\n\u2203x (Animal(x) \u2227 Sloth(x))\n\u00acEnergetic(sid) \u2227 \u00acSloth(sid))", "conclusion": "If Sid is either an animal or unproductive, then Sid is not an energetic person.", "conclusion-FOL": "Animal(sid) \u2295 Unproductive(sid)) \u2192 \u00acEnergetic(sid)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1282} +{"story_id": 187, "premises": "European soccer clubs can attend UCL, UEL, and UECL.\nA soccer club eligible to attend UCL has a higher ranking than a soccer club eligible to attend UEL.\nA soccer club eligible to attend UEL has a higher ranking than a soccer club eligible to attend UECL.\nManchester United and Machester City are both European soccer clubs.\nManchester United is eligible to attend UEL next season.\nManchester City is eligible to attend UCL next season.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (EuropeanSoccerClub(x) \u2192 Attend(x, ucl) \u2228 Attend(x, uel) \u2228 Attend(x, uecl))\n\u2200x \u2200y (EuropeanSoccerClub(x) \u2227 EuropeanSoccerClub(y) \u2227 Attend(x, ucl) \u2227 Attend(y, uel) \u2192 HigherRank(x, y))\n\u2200x \u2200y (EuropeanSoccerClub(x) \u2227 EuropeanSoccerClub(y) \u2227 Attend(x, uel) \u2227 Attend(y, uecl) \u2192 HigherRank(x, y))\nEuropeanSoccerClub(manchesterUnited) \u2227 EuropeanSoccerClub(manchesterCity)\nAttend(manchesterunited, uel)\nAttend(manchestercity, ucl)", "conclusion": "Manchester City has a higher ranking than Manchester United.", "conclusion-FOL": "HigherRank(manchesterCity, manchesterUnited)", "label": "True", "example_id": 539} +{"story_id": 65, "premises": "If a person coaches a football club, the person is a football coach.\nIf a person has a position in a club in a year, and the club is in NFL in the same year, the person plays in NFL.\nMinnesota Vikings is a football club.\nDennis Green coached Minnesota Vikings.\nCris Carter had 13 touchdown receptions.\nMinnesota Vikings were in the National Football League in 1997.\nJohn Randle was Minnesota Vikings defensive tackle in 1997.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y ((Coach(x, y) \u2227 FootballClub(y)) \u2192 FootballCoach(x))\n\u2200w \u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((PlayPositionFor(x, w, y, z) \u2227 InNFL(y, z)) \u2192 PlayInNFL(x))\nFootballClub(minnesotaVikings)\nCoach(dennisGreen, minnesotaVikings)\nReceiveTD(crisCarter, num13)\nInNFL(minnesotaVikings, yr1997)\nPlayPositionFor(johnRandle, defensiveTackle, minnesotaVikings, yr1997)", "conclusion": "Dennis Green is a football coach.", "conclusion-FOL": "FootballCoach(dennisGreen)", "label": "True", "example_id": 192} +{"story_id": 65, "premises": "If a person coaches a football club, the person is a football coach.\nIf a person has a position in a club in a year, and the club is in NFL in the same year, the person plays in NFL.\nMinnesota Vikings is a football club.\nDennis Green coached Minnesota Vikings.\nCris Carter had 13 touchdown receptions.\nMinnesota Vikings were in the National Football League in 1997.\nJohn Randle was Minnesota Vikings defensive tackle in 1997.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y ((Coach(x, y) \u2227 FootballClub(y)) \u2192 FootballCoach(x))\n\u2200w \u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((PlayPositionFor(x, w, y, z) \u2227 InNFL(y, z)) \u2192 PlayInNFL(x))\nFootballClub(minnesotaVikings)\nCoach(dennisGreen, minnesotaVikings)\nReceiveTD(crisCarter, num13)\nInNFL(minnesotaVikings, yr1997)\nPlayPositionFor(johnRandle, defensiveTackle, minnesotaVikings, yr1997)", "conclusion": "John Randle didn't play in the National Football League.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acPlayInNFL(johnRandle)", "label": "False", "example_id": 193} +{"story_id": 65, "premises": "If a person coaches a football club, the person is a football coach.\nIf a person has a position in a club in a year, and the club is in NFL in the same year, the person plays in NFL.\nMinnesota Vikings is a football club.\nDennis Green coached Minnesota Vikings.\nCris Carter had 13 touchdown receptions.\nMinnesota Vikings were in the National Football League in 1997.\nJohn Randle was Minnesota Vikings defensive tackle in 1997.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y ((Coach(x, y) \u2227 FootballClub(y)) \u2192 FootballCoach(x))\n\u2200w \u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((PlayPositionFor(x, w, y, z) \u2227 InNFL(y, z)) \u2192 PlayInNFL(x))\nFootballClub(minnesotaVikings)\nCoach(dennisGreen, minnesotaVikings)\nReceiveTD(crisCarter, num13)\nInNFL(minnesotaVikings, yr1997)\nPlayPositionFor(johnRandle, defensiveTackle, minnesotaVikings, yr1997)", "conclusion": "Cris Carter played for Minnesota Vikings.", "conclusion-FOL": "PlayPositionFor(crisCarter, wr, minnesotaVikings, year1997)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 194} +{"story_id": 462, "premises": "All classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall that are used for lectures are booked during the day. \nNone of the classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are private study spots.\nAll classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are used for lectures or used for office hours.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is booked in the evening, then it is not freely usable at night.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is used for office hours, then it is booked in the evening.\nRoom 116 is a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall that is either both used for lecture and used for office hours or not used for either.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 UsedFor(x, lecture) \u2192 BookedDuring(x, day))\n\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 \u00acPrivateStudySpot(x))\n\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 (UsedFor(x, lecture) \u2228 UsedFor(x, officeHours)))\n\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 BookedIn(x, evening) \u2192 \u00acFreelyUsableAtNight(x))\n\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 UsedFor(x, officeHours) \u2192 BookedIn(x, evening))\nClassroomIn(116, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 \u00ac(UsedFor(116, lecture) \u2295 UsedFor(116, officeHours))", "conclusion": "Room 116 is a private study spot.", "conclusion-FOL": "PrivateStudySpot(room116)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1333} +{"story_id": 462, "premises": "All classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall that are used for lectures are booked during the day. \nNone of the classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are private study spots.\nAll classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are used for lectures or used for office hours.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is booked in the evening, then it is not freely usable at night.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is used for office hours, then it is booked in the evening.\nRoom 116 is a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall that is either both used for lecture and used for office hours or not used for either.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 UsedFor(x, lecture) \u2192 BookedDuring(x, day))\n\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 \u00acPrivateStudySpot(x))\n\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 (UsedFor(x, lecture) \u2228 UsedFor(x, officeHours)))\n\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 BookedIn(x, evening) \u2192 \u00acFreelyUsableAtNight(x))\n\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 UsedFor(x, officeHours) \u2192 BookedIn(x, evening))\nClassroomIn(116, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 \u00ac(UsedFor(116, lecture) \u2295 UsedFor(116, officeHours))", "conclusion": "If Room 116 is either both booked during the day and freely usable at night, or neither, then it is either used for office hours or for private study spots.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(BookedDuring(room116, day) \u2295 FreelyUsableAtNight(room116) \u2192 (UsedFor(room116, officeHour) \u2295 PrivateStudySpot(room116))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1334} +{"story_id": 462, "premises": "All classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall that are used for lectures are booked during the day. \nNone of the classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are private study spots.\nAll classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are used for lectures or used for office hours.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is booked in the evening, then it is not freely usable at night.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is used for office hours, then it is booked in the evening.\nRoom 116 is a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall that is either both used for lecture and used for office hours or not used for either.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 UsedFor(x, lecture) \u2192 BookedDuring(x, day))\n\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 \u00acPrivateStudySpot(x))\n\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 (UsedFor(x, lecture) \u2228 UsedFor(x, officeHours)))\n\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 BookedIn(x, evening) \u2192 \u00acFreelyUsableAtNight(x))\n\u2200x (ClassroomIn(x, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 UsedFor(x, officeHours) \u2192 BookedIn(x, evening))\nClassroomIn(116, williamLHarknessHall) \u2227 \u00ac(UsedFor(116, lecture) \u2295 UsedFor(116, officeHours))", "conclusion": "If Room 116 is not both a private study spot and freely useable at night, then it is either used for lectures or booked during the day.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(PrivateStudySpot(room116) \u2227 FreelyUsableAtNight(room116)) \u2192 (UsedFor(room116, lecture) \u2228 BookedIn(room116, evening))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1335} +{"story_id": 99, "premises": "Shafaq-Asiman is a large complex of offshore geological structures in the Caspian Sea.\nBaku is northwest of Shafaq-Asiman.\nIf place A is northwest of place B, then place B is southeast of place A.", "premises-FOL": "LargeComplex(shafaq-asiman) \u2227 LargeComplex(shafaq-asiman) \u2227 Offshore(shafaq-asiman) \u2227 GeologicalStructures(shafaq-asiman) \u2227 In(shafaq-asiman, caspiansea)\nNorthwestOf(baku, shafaq-asiman)\n\u2200x \u2200y (NorthwestOf(x, y) \u2192 SoutheastOf(y, x))", "conclusion": "Baku is southeast of Shafaq-Asiman.", "conclusion-FOL": "SoutheastOf(baku, shafaq-asiman)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 298} +{"story_id": 99, "premises": "Shafaq-Asiman is a large complex of offshore geological structures in the Caspian Sea.\nBaku is northwest of Shafaq-Asiman.\nIf place A is northwest of place B, then place B is southeast of place A.", "premises-FOL": "LargeComplex(shafaq-asiman) \u2227 LargeComplex(shafaq-asiman) \u2227 Offshore(shafaq-asiman) \u2227 GeologicalStructures(shafaq-asiman) \u2227 In(shafaq-asiman, caspiansea)\nNorthwestOf(baku, shafaq-asiman)\n\u2200x \u2200y (NorthwestOf(x, y) \u2192 SoutheastOf(y, x))", "conclusion": "A large complex is southeast of Baku.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (LargeComplex(x) \u2227 SoutheastOf(x, baku))", "label": "True", "example_id": 299} +{"story_id": 99, "premises": "Shafaq-Asiman is a large complex of offshore geological structures in the Caspian Sea.\nBaku is northwest of Shafaq-Asiman.\nIf place A is northwest of place B, then place B is southeast of place A.", "premises-FOL": "LargeComplex(shafaq-asiman) \u2227 LargeComplex(shafaq-asiman) \u2227 Offshore(shafaq-asiman) \u2227 GeologicalStructures(shafaq-asiman) \u2227 In(shafaq-asiman, caspiansea)\nNorthwestOf(baku, shafaq-asiman)\n\u2200x \u2200y (NorthwestOf(x, y) \u2192 SoutheastOf(y, x))", "conclusion": "Baku is not northwest of offshore geological structures.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (GeologicalStructures(x) \u2227 Offshore(x) \u2192 \u00acNorthwestOf(baku, x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 300} +{"story_id": 71, "premises": "Herodicus was a Greek physician, dietician, sophist, and gymnast.\nHerodicus was born in the city of Selymbria.\nSelymbria is a colony of the city-state Megara.\nOne of the tutors of Hippocrates was Herodicus.\nMassages were recommended by Herodicus.\nSome of the theories of Herodicus are considered to be the foundation of sports medicine.", "premises-FOL": "Greek(herodicus) \u2227 Physician(herodicus) \u2227 Dietician(herodicus) \u2227 Sophist(herodicus) \u2227 Gymnast(herodicus)\nBorn(herodicus, selymbia) \u2227 City(selymbia)\nColony(selymbia, megara) \u2227 CityState(megara)\nTutor(herodicus, hippocrates)\nRecommend(herodicus, massages)\n\u2203x \u2203y (Theory(x) \u2227 From(x, herodicus) \u2227 FoundationOf(x, sportsMedicine) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Theory(y) \u2227 From(y, herodicus) \u2227 FoundationOf(y, sportsMedicine))", "conclusion": "Herodicus tutored Hippocrates.", "conclusion-FOL": "Tutor(herodicus, hippocrates)", "label": "True", "example_id": 213} +{"story_id": 71, "premises": "Herodicus was a Greek physician, dietician, sophist, and gymnast.\nHerodicus was born in the city of Selymbria.\nSelymbria is a colony of the city-state Megara.\nOne of the tutors of Hippocrates was Herodicus.\nMassages were recommended by Herodicus.\nSome of the theories of Herodicus are considered to be the foundation of sports medicine.", "premises-FOL": "Greek(herodicus) \u2227 Physician(herodicus) \u2227 Dietician(herodicus) \u2227 Sophist(herodicus) \u2227 Gymnast(herodicus)\nBorn(herodicus, selymbia) \u2227 City(selymbia)\nColony(selymbia, megara) \u2227 CityState(megara)\nTutor(herodicus, hippocrates)\nRecommend(herodicus, massages)\n\u2203x \u2203y (Theory(x) \u2227 From(x, herodicus) \u2227 FoundationOf(x, sportsMedicine) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Theory(y) \u2227 From(y, herodicus) \u2227 FoundationOf(y, sportsMedicine))", "conclusion": "Herodicus was tutored by Hippocrates.", "conclusion-FOL": "Tutor(hippocrates, herodicus)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 214} +{"story_id": 71, "premises": "Herodicus was a Greek physician, dietician, sophist, and gymnast.\nHerodicus was born in the city of Selymbria.\nSelymbria is a colony of the city-state Megara.\nOne of the tutors of Hippocrates was Herodicus.\nMassages were recommended by Herodicus.\nSome of the theories of Herodicus are considered to be the foundation of sports medicine.", "premises-FOL": "Greek(herodicus) \u2227 Physician(herodicus) \u2227 Dietician(herodicus) \u2227 Sophist(herodicus) \u2227 Gymnast(herodicus)\nBorn(herodicus, selymbia) \u2227 City(selymbia)\nColony(selymbia, megara) \u2227 CityState(megara)\nTutor(herodicus, hippocrates)\nRecommend(herodicus, massages)\n\u2203x \u2203y (Theory(x) \u2227 From(x, herodicus) \u2227 FoundationOf(x, sportsMedicine) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Theory(y) \u2227 From(y, herodicus) \u2227 FoundationOf(y, sportsMedicine))", "conclusion": "Herodicus was born in a city-state.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Born(herodicus, x) \u2227 CityState(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 215} +{"story_id": 71, "premises": "Herodicus was a Greek physician, dietician, sophist, and gymnast.\nHerodicus was born in the city of Selymbria.\nSelymbria is a colony of the city-state Megara.\nOne of the tutors of Hippocrates was Herodicus.\nMassages were recommended by Herodicus.\nSome of the theories of Herodicus are considered to be the foundation of sports medicine.", "premises-FOL": "Greek(herodicus) \u2227 Physician(herodicus) \u2227 Dietician(herodicus) \u2227 Sophist(herodicus) \u2227 Gymnast(herodicus)\nBorn(herodicus, selymbia) \u2227 City(selymbia)\nColony(selymbia, megara) \u2227 CityState(megara)\nTutor(herodicus, hippocrates)\nRecommend(herodicus, massages)\n\u2203x \u2203y (Theory(x) \u2227 From(x, herodicus) \u2227 FoundationOf(x, sportsMedicine) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Theory(y) \u2227 From(y, herodicus) \u2227 FoundationOf(y, sportsMedicine))", "conclusion": "Herodicus did not recommend massages.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acRecommend(herodicus, massages)", "label": "False", "example_id": 216} +{"story_id": 71, "premises": "Herodicus was a Greek physician, dietician, sophist, and gymnast.\nHerodicus was born in the city of Selymbria.\nSelymbria is a colony of the city-state Megara.\nOne of the tutors of Hippocrates was Herodicus.\nMassages were recommended by Herodicus.\nSome of the theories of Herodicus are considered to be the foundation of sports medicine.", "premises-FOL": "Greek(herodicus) \u2227 Physician(herodicus) \u2227 Dietician(herodicus) \u2227 Sophist(herodicus) \u2227 Gymnast(herodicus)\nBorn(herodicus, selymbia) \u2227 City(selymbia)\nColony(selymbia, megara) \u2227 CityState(megara)\nTutor(herodicus, hippocrates)\nRecommend(herodicus, massages)\n\u2203x \u2203y (Theory(x) \u2227 From(x, herodicus) \u2227 FoundationOf(x, sportsMedicine) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Theory(y) \u2227 From(y, herodicus) \u2227 FoundationOf(y, sportsMedicine))", "conclusion": "Herodicus was born in a colony of a city-state.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Born(herodicus, x) \u2227 Colony(x, y) \u2227 CityState(y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 217} +{"story_id": 438, "premises": "None of the kids in our family love the opera.\nAll of the adults in our family love the opera.\nIf someone in our family is a scientist, then they are an adult.\nSome students in our family are kids.\nBilly is a kid in our family.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Kid(x) \u2227 In(x, ourFamily)) \u2192 \u00acLove(x, opera))\n\u2200x ((Adult(x) \u2227 In(x, ourFamily)) \u2192 Love(x, opera))\n\u2200x ((Scientist(x) \u2227 In(x, ourFamily)) \u2192 Adult(x))\n\u2203x (Student(x) \u2227 In(x, ourFamily) \u2227 Kid(x))\nKid(billy) \u2227 In(billy, ourFamily) ", "conclusion": "Billy is a student.", "conclusion-FOL": "Student(billy)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1258} +{"story_id": 438, "premises": "None of the kids in our family love the opera.\nAll of the adults in our family love the opera.\nIf someone in our family is a scientist, then they are an adult.\nSome students in our family are kids.\nBilly is a kid in our family.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Kid(x) \u2227 In(x, ourFamily)) \u2192 \u00acLove(x, opera))\n\u2200x ((Adult(x) \u2227 In(x, ourFamily)) \u2192 Love(x, opera))\n\u2200x ((Scientist(x) \u2227 In(x, ourFamily)) \u2192 Adult(x))\n\u2203x (Student(x) \u2227 In(x, ourFamily) \u2227 Kid(x))\nKid(billy) \u2227 In(billy, ourFamily) ", "conclusion": "Billy is a student and a scientist.", "conclusion-FOL": "Student(billy) \u2227 Scientist(billy)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1259} +{"story_id": 438, "premises": "None of the kids in our family love the opera.\nAll of the adults in our family love the opera.\nIf someone in our family is a scientist, then they are an adult.\nSome students in our family are kids.\nBilly is a kid in our family.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Kid(x) \u2227 In(x, ourFamily)) \u2192 \u00acLove(x, opera))\n\u2200x ((Adult(x) \u2227 In(x, ourFamily)) \u2192 Love(x, opera))\n\u2200x ((Scientist(x) \u2227 In(x, ourFamily)) \u2192 Adult(x))\n\u2203x (Student(x) \u2227 In(x, ourFamily) \u2227 Kid(x))\nKid(billy) \u2227 In(billy, ourFamily) ", "conclusion": "If Billy is a student or a scientist, then Billy is a student and a kid.", "conclusion-FOL": "(Student(billy) \u2228 Scientist(billy)) \u2192 (Student(billy) \u2227 Kid(billy))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1260} +{"story_id": 69, "premises": "Brian Winter is a Scottish football referee.\nAfter being injured, Brian Winter retired in 2012.\nBrian Winter was appointed as a referee observer after his retirement.\nSome football referees become referee observers.\nThe son of Brian Winter, Andy Winter, is a football player who plays for Hamilton Academical.", "premises-FOL": "Scottish(brianWinter) \u2227 FootballReferee(brianWinter)\nRetired(brianWinter) \u2227 RetiredIn(brianWinter, yr2012)\nRefereeObserver(brianWinter)\n\u2203x (FootballReferee(x) \u2227 RefereeObserver(x))\nSonOf(andyWinter, brianWinter) \u2227 FootballPlayer(andyWinter) \u2227 PlaysFor(andyWinter, hamiltonAcademical)", "conclusion": "There is a son of a referee observer that plays football.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y(SonOf(x, y) \u2227 RefereeObserver(y) \u2227 FootballPlayer(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 204} +{"story_id": 69, "premises": "Brian Winter is a Scottish football referee.\nAfter being injured, Brian Winter retired in 2012.\nBrian Winter was appointed as a referee observer after his retirement.\nSome football referees become referee observers.\nThe son of Brian Winter, Andy Winter, is a football player who plays for Hamilton Academical.", "premises-FOL": "Scottish(brianWinter) \u2227 FootballReferee(brianWinter)\nRetired(brianWinter) \u2227 RetiredIn(brianWinter, yr2012)\nRefereeObserver(brianWinter)\n\u2203x (FootballReferee(x) \u2227 RefereeObserver(x))\nSonOf(andyWinter, brianWinter) \u2227 FootballPlayer(andyWinter) \u2227 PlaysFor(andyWinter, hamiltonAcademical)", "conclusion": "Brian Winter was not a referee observer.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acRefereeObserver(brianwinter)", "label": "False", "example_id": 205} +{"story_id": 69, "premises": "Brian Winter is a Scottish football referee.\nAfter being injured, Brian Winter retired in 2012.\nBrian Winter was appointed as a referee observer after his retirement.\nSome football referees become referee observers.\nThe son of Brian Winter, Andy Winter, is a football player who plays for Hamilton Academical.", "premises-FOL": "Scottish(brianWinter) \u2227 FootballReferee(brianWinter)\nRetired(brianWinter) \u2227 RetiredIn(brianWinter, yr2012)\nRefereeObserver(brianWinter)\n\u2203x (FootballReferee(x) \u2227 RefereeObserver(x))\nSonOf(andyWinter, brianWinter) \u2227 FootballPlayer(andyWinter) \u2227 PlaysFor(andyWinter, hamiltonAcademical)", "conclusion": "Brian Winter is retired.", "conclusion-FOL": "Retired(brianwinter)", "label": "True", "example_id": 206} +{"story_id": 69, "premises": "Brian Winter is a Scottish football referee.\nAfter being injured, Brian Winter retired in 2012.\nBrian Winter was appointed as a referee observer after his retirement.\nSome football referees become referee observers.\nThe son of Brian Winter, Andy Winter, is a football player who plays for Hamilton Academical.", "premises-FOL": "Scottish(brianWinter) \u2227 FootballReferee(brianWinter)\nRetired(brianWinter) \u2227 RetiredIn(brianWinter, yr2012)\nRefereeObserver(brianWinter)\n\u2203x (FootballReferee(x) \u2227 RefereeObserver(x))\nSonOf(andyWinter, brianWinter) \u2227 FootballPlayer(andyWinter) \u2227 PlaysFor(andyWinter, hamiltonAcademical)", "conclusion": "Andy Winter is a referee.", "conclusion-FOL": "Referee(andywinter)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 207} +{"story_id": 401, "premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2192 (InterestedIn(x, puzzle) \u2228 BadAt(x, chess)))\n\u2200x ((At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 BadAt(x, chess)) \u2192 \u00acPlaysOften(x, chess))\n\u2203x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 (Planner(x) \u2228 Creative(x)))\nAt(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 PlaysOften(erica, chess)\n(At(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 (\u00ac(BadAt(erica, chess) \u2228 Creative(erica)))) \u2192 \u00ac(Planner(erica) \u2295 Creative(erica))", "conclusion": "Erica plans.", "conclusion-FOL": "Planner(erica)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1100} +{"story_id": 401, "premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2192 (InterestedIn(x, puzzle) \u2228 BadAt(x, chess)))\n\u2200x ((At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 BadAt(x, chess)) \u2192 \u00acPlaysOften(x, chess))\n\u2203x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 (Planner(x) \u2228 Creative(x)))\nAt(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 PlaysOften(erica, chess)\n(At(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 (\u00ac(BadAt(erica, chess) \u2228 Creative(erica)))) \u2192 \u00ac(Planner(erica) \u2295 Creative(erica))", "conclusion": "Erica is interested in puzzles and is creative.", "conclusion-FOL": "InterestedIn(erica, puzzle) \u2227 Creative(erica)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1101} +{"story_id": 401, "premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2192 (InterestedIn(x, puzzle) \u2228 BadAt(x, chess)))\n\u2200x ((At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 BadAt(x, chess)) \u2192 \u00acPlaysOften(x, chess))\n\u2203x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 (Planner(x) \u2228 Creative(x)))\nAt(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 PlaysOften(erica, chess)\n(At(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 (\u00ac(BadAt(erica, chess) \u2228 Creative(erica)))) \u2192 \u00ac(Planner(erica) \u2295 Creative(erica))", "conclusion": "Erica is either interested in puzzles or is creative.", "conclusion-FOL": "InterestedIn(erica, puzzle) \u2295 Creative(erica)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1102} +{"story_id": 401, "premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2192 (InterestedIn(x, puzzle) \u2228 BadAt(x, chess)))\n\u2200x ((At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 BadAt(x, chess)) \u2192 \u00acPlaysOften(x, chess))\n\u2203x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 (Planner(x) \u2228 Creative(x)))\nAt(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 PlaysOften(erica, chess)\n(At(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 (\u00ac(BadAt(erica, chess) \u2228 Creative(erica)))) \u2192 \u00ac(Planner(erica) \u2295 Creative(erica))", "conclusion": "If Erica plans ahead or plays a lot of chess matches, then Erica is not interested in puzzles and creative.", "conclusion-FOL": "Planner(erica) \u2228 PlaysOften(erica, chess))) \u2192 (\u00ac(InterestedIn(erica, puzzle) \u2227 Creative(erica))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1103} +{"story_id": 401, "premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2192 (InterestedIn(x, puzzle) \u2228 BadAt(x, chess)))\n\u2200x ((At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 BadAt(x, chess)) \u2192 \u00acPlaysOften(x, chess))\n\u2203x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 (Planner(x) \u2228 Creative(x)))\nAt(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 PlaysOften(erica, chess)\n(At(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 (\u00ac(BadAt(erica, chess) \u2228 Creative(erica)))) \u2192 \u00ac(Planner(erica) \u2295 Creative(erica))", "conclusion": "If Erica is creative, then Erica is not interested in puzzles and creative.", "conclusion-FOL": "Creative(erica)) \u2192 (\u00ac(InterestedIn(erica, puzzle) \u2227 Creative(erica))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1104} +{"story_id": 401, "premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2192 (InterestedIn(x, puzzle) \u2228 BadAt(x, chess)))\n\u2200x ((At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 BadAt(x, chess)) \u2192 \u00acPlaysOften(x, chess))\n\u2203x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 (Planner(x) \u2228 Creative(x)))\nAt(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 PlaysOften(erica, chess)\n(At(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 (\u00ac(BadAt(erica, chess) \u2228 Creative(erica)))) \u2192 \u00ac(Planner(erica) \u2295 Creative(erica))", "conclusion": "If Erica is interested in puzzles and is creative, then Erica is not creative.", "conclusion-FOL": "InterestedIn(erica, puzzle) \u2227 Creative(erica)) \u2192 \u00acCreative(erica)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1105} +{"story_id": 401, "premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2192 (InterestedIn(x, puzzle) \u2228 BadAt(x, chess)))\n\u2200x ((At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 BadAt(x, chess)) \u2192 \u00acPlaysOften(x, chess))\n\u2203x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 (Planner(x) \u2228 Creative(x)))\nAt(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 PlaysOften(erica, chess)\n(At(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 (\u00ac(BadAt(erica, chess) \u2228 Creative(erica)))) \u2192 \u00ac(Planner(erica) \u2295 Creative(erica))", "conclusion": "If Erica either plays a lot of chess matches or is creative, then Erica is neither interested in puzzles nor a person who plays a lot of chess matches.", "conclusion-FOL": "PlaysOften(erica, chess) \u2295 InterestedIn(erica, puzzle) \u2192 \u00ac(InterestedIn(erica, puzzle) \u2228 PlaysOften(erica, chess))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1106} +{"story_id": 401, "premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2192 (InterestedIn(x, puzzle) \u2228 BadAt(x, chess)))\n\u2200x ((At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 BadAt(x, chess)) \u2192 \u00acPlaysOften(x, chess))\n\u2203x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 (Planner(x) \u2228 Creative(x)))\nAt(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 PlaysOften(erica, chess)\n(At(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 (\u00ac(BadAt(erica, chess) \u2228 Creative(erica)))) \u2192 \u00ac(Planner(erica) \u2295 Creative(erica))", "conclusion": "If Erica is interested in puzzles and plays a lot of chess matches, then Erica is either a person who plays a lot of chess matches or a person that is creative.", "conclusion-FOL": "PlaysOften(erica, chess) \u2295 InterestedIn(erica, puzzle)) \u2192 \u00ac(InterestedIn(erica, puzzle) \u2228 PlaysOften(erica, chess)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1107} +{"story_id": 401, "premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2192 (InterestedIn(x, puzzle) \u2228 BadAt(x, chess)))\n\u2200x ((At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 BadAt(x, chess)) \u2192 \u00acPlaysOften(x, chess))\n\u2203x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 (Planner(x) \u2228 Creative(x)))\nAt(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 PlaysOften(erica, chess)\n(At(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 (\u00ac(BadAt(erica, chess) \u2228 Creative(erica)))) \u2192 \u00ac(Planner(erica) \u2295 Creative(erica))", "conclusion": "If Erica plans ahead or is interested in puzzles, then Erica is creative.", "conclusion-FOL": "Planner(erica) \u2228 InterestedIn(erica, puzzle) \u2192 Creative(erica)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1108} +{"story_id": 401, "premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2192 (InterestedIn(x, puzzle) \u2228 BadAt(x, chess)))\n\u2200x ((At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 BadAt(x, chess)) \u2192 \u00acPlaysOften(x, chess))\n\u2203x (At(x, boardGameNight) \u2227 (Planner(x) \u2228 Creative(x)))\nAt(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 PlaysOften(erica, chess)\n(At(erica, boardGameNight) \u2227 (\u00ac(BadAt(erica, chess) \u2228 Creative(erica)))) \u2192 \u00ac(Planner(erica) \u2295 Creative(erica))", "conclusion": "If Erica is either bad at chess or interested in puzzles, then Erica is not a person who plays a lot of chess matches and creative.", "conclusion-FOL": "BadAt(erica, chess) \u2295 InterestedIn(erica, puzzle) \u2192 \u00ac(PlaysOften(erica, chess) \u2227 Creative(erica))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1109} +{"story_id": 125, "premises": "Soccer players have a right foot and a left foot.\nTop soccer players are soccer players who can use both the left foot and right foot very efficiently.\nIf a soccer player can score many goals using the left foot, they can use that foot very efficiently.\nIf a soccer player can score many goals using the right foot, they can use that foot very efficiently.\nCristiano Ronaldo is a soccer player.\nCristiano Ronaldo can use his right foot very efficiently.\nCristiano Ronaldo has scored many goals using his left foot.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SoccerPlayer(x) \u2192 Have(x, leftFoot) \u2227 Have(x, rightFoot))\n\u2200x (SoccerPlayer(x) \u2227 UseEfficiently(x, leftFoot) \u2227 UseEfficiently(x, rightFoot) \u2192 TopSoccerPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (SoccerPlayer(x) \u2227 ScoreUsing(x, manyGoals, leftFoot) \u2192 UseEfficiently(x, leftFoot))\n\u2200x (SoccerPlayer(x) \u2227 ScoreUsing(x, manyGoals, rightFoot) \u2192 UseEfficiently(x, rightFoot))\nSoccerPlayer(ronaldo)\nUseEfficiently(ronaldo, rightFoot)\nScoreUsing(ronaldo, manyGoals, leftFoot)", "conclusion": "Cristiano Ronaldo is a top soccer player.", "conclusion-FOL": "TopSoccerPlayer(ronaldo)", "label": "True", "example_id": 373} +{"story_id": 125, "premises": "Soccer players have a right foot and a left foot.\nTop soccer players are soccer players who can use both the left foot and right foot very efficiently.\nIf a soccer player can score many goals using the left foot, they can use that foot very efficiently.\nIf a soccer player can score many goals using the right foot, they can use that foot very efficiently.\nCristiano Ronaldo is a soccer player.\nCristiano Ronaldo can use his right foot very efficiently.\nCristiano Ronaldo has scored many goals using his left foot.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SoccerPlayer(x) \u2192 Have(x, leftFoot) \u2227 Have(x, rightFoot))\n\u2200x (SoccerPlayer(x) \u2227 UseEfficiently(x, leftFoot) \u2227 UseEfficiently(x, rightFoot) \u2192 TopSoccerPlayer(x))\n\u2200x (SoccerPlayer(x) \u2227 ScoreUsing(x, manyGoals, leftFoot) \u2192 UseEfficiently(x, leftFoot))\n\u2200x (SoccerPlayer(x) \u2227 ScoreUsing(x, manyGoals, rightFoot) \u2192 UseEfficiently(x, rightFoot))\nSoccerPlayer(ronaldo)\nUseEfficiently(ronaldo, rightFoot)\nScoreUsing(ronaldo, manyGoals, leftFoot)", "conclusion": "Cristiano Ronaldo is not a top soccer player.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acTopSoccerPlayer(ronaldo)", "label": "False", "example_id": 374} +{"story_id": 177, "premises": "The National Lobster Hatchery is a hatchery located in Padstow, England.\nThe National Lobster Hatchery is open to visitors.\nA hatchery is either for profit or for conservation.\nIf a hatchery is for conservation, it might release animals into the wild.\nThe National Lobster Hatchery is not for profit.", "premises-FOL": "Hatchery(nationalLobsterHatchery) \u2227 LocatedIn(nationalLobsterHatchery, padstowEngland)\nOpenToVisitor(nationalLobsterHatchery)\n\u2200x (Hatchery(x) \u2192 ForConservation(x) \u2295 ForProfit(x))\n\u2203x (Hatchery(x) \u2227 ForConservation(x) \u2227 ReleaseAnimalToWild(x))\n\u00acForProfit(nationalLobsterHatchery)", "conclusion": "The National Lobster Hatchery is for conservation.", "conclusion-FOL": "ForConservation(nationalLobsterhatchery)", "label": "True", "example_id": 509} +{"story_id": 177, "premises": "The National Lobster Hatchery is a hatchery located in Padstow, England.\nThe National Lobster Hatchery is open to visitors.\nA hatchery is either for profit or for conservation.\nIf a hatchery is for conservation, it might release animals into the wild.\nThe National Lobster Hatchery is not for profit.", "premises-FOL": "Hatchery(nationalLobsterHatchery) \u2227 LocatedIn(nationalLobsterHatchery, padstowEngland)\nOpenToVisitor(nationalLobsterHatchery)\n\u2200x (Hatchery(x) \u2192 ForConservation(x) \u2295 ForProfit(x))\n\u2203x (Hatchery(x) \u2227 ForConservation(x) \u2227 ReleaseAnimalToWild(x))\n\u00acForProfit(nationalLobsterHatchery)", "conclusion": "All hatcheries are open to visitors.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Hatchery(x) \u2192 OpenToVisitors(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 510} +{"story_id": 177, "premises": "The National Lobster Hatchery is a hatchery located in Padstow, England.\nThe National Lobster Hatchery is open to visitors.\nA hatchery is either for profit or for conservation.\nIf a hatchery is for conservation, it might release animals into the wild.\nThe National Lobster Hatchery is not for profit.", "premises-FOL": "Hatchery(nationalLobsterHatchery) \u2227 LocatedIn(nationalLobsterHatchery, padstowEngland)\nOpenToVisitor(nationalLobsterHatchery)\n\u2200x (Hatchery(x) \u2192 ForConservation(x) \u2295 ForProfit(x))\n\u2203x (Hatchery(x) \u2227 ForConservation(x) \u2227 ReleaseAnimalToWild(x))\n\u00acForProfit(nationalLobsterHatchery)", "conclusion": "The National Lobster Hatchery releases animals into the wild.", "conclusion-FOL": "ReleaseAnimalToWild(nationalLobsterhatchery)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 511} +{"story_id": 224, "premises": "Rhos Aelwyd F.C. is a Welsh football club.\nRhos Aelwyd F.C. is the only football club located in Ponciau. \nThe Premier Division was won in June 2005 by a team from Ponciau. \nThe winner of the Premier Division in October 2009 was promoted to the Cymru Alliance.\nThe Premier Division in October 2009 was won by the same team that won in June 2005. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Rhosaelwydfc(x) \u2192 FootballClub(x) \u2227 Welsh(x))\n\u2200x (FootballClub(x) \u2227 LocatedIn(x, ponciau) \u2194 Rhosaelwydfc(x))\n\u2203x (LocatedIn(x, ponciau) \u2227 WonPremierDivisionDuring(x, year2005MonthJune))\n\u2200x (WonPremierDivisionDuring(x, year2009MonthOctober) \u2192 PromotedTo(x, cymruAlliance))\n\u2200x (WonPremierDivisionDuring(x, year2009MonthOctober) \u2194 WonPremierDivisionDuring(x, y2005MonthJune))", "conclusion": "Rhos Aelwyd F.C. won Premier Division in June 2005.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Rhosaelwydfc(x) \u2227 WonPremierDivisionDuring(x, year2005MonthJune))", "label": "True", "example_id": 632} +{"story_id": 224, "premises": "Rhos Aelwyd F.C. is a Welsh football club.\nRhos Aelwyd F.C. is the only football club located in Ponciau. \nThe Premier Division was won in June 2005 by a team from Ponciau. \nThe winner of the Premier Division in October 2009 was promoted to the Cymru Alliance.\nThe Premier Division in October 2009 was won by the same team that won in June 2005. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Rhosaelwydfc(x) \u2192 FootballClub(x) \u2227 Welsh(x))\n\u2200x (FootballClub(x) \u2227 LocatedIn(x, ponciau) \u2194 Rhosaelwydfc(x))\n\u2203x (LocatedIn(x, ponciau) \u2227 WonPremierDivisionDuring(x, year2005MonthJune))\n\u2200x (WonPremierDivisionDuring(x, year2009MonthOctober) \u2192 PromotedTo(x, cymruAlliance))\n\u2200x (WonPremierDivisionDuring(x, year2009MonthOctober) \u2194 WonPremierDivisionDuring(x, y2005MonthJune))", "conclusion": "Rhos Aelwyd F.C. was promoted to the Cymru Alliance.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Rhosaelwydfc(x) \u2227 PromotedTo(x, cymruAlliance))", "label": "True", "example_id": 633} +{"story_id": 470, "premises": "A Unix operating system used in the lab computers is a piece of software.\nAll versions of MacOS used in the lab computer are based on Unix operating systems.\nA lab computer uses either MacOS or Linux. \nAll Linux computers in the lab are convenient.\nAll software used in the lab computers is written with code.\nIf something is convenient in the lab computer, then it is popular.\nBurger is used in the lab computer, and it is written with code and a new version of MacOS.\nPyTorch is used in the lab computer, and PyTorch is neither a Linux system nor a piece of software.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 UnixOperatingSystem(x) \u2192 Software(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 MacOS(x) \u2192 UnixOperatingSystem(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2192 MacOS(x) \u2295 Linux(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 Linux(x) \u2192 Convenient(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 Software(x) \u2192 WrittenWithCode(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 Convenient(x) \u2192 Popular(x))\nUsedIn(burger, labComputer) \u2227 WrittenWithCode(burger) \u2227 MacOS(burger))\nUsedIn(pytorch, labComputer) \u2227 \u00ac(Linux(pytorch) \u2295 Software(pytorch))", "conclusion": "Burger is popular.", "conclusion-FOL": "Popular(burger)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1357} +{"story_id": 470, "premises": "A Unix operating system used in the lab computers is a piece of software.\nAll versions of MacOS used in the lab computer are based on Unix operating systems.\nA lab computer uses either MacOS or Linux. \nAll Linux computers in the lab are convenient.\nAll software used in the lab computers is written with code.\nIf something is convenient in the lab computer, then it is popular.\nBurger is used in the lab computer, and it is written with code and a new version of MacOS.\nPyTorch is used in the lab computer, and PyTorch is neither a Linux system nor a piece of software.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 UnixOperatingSystem(x) \u2192 Software(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 MacOS(x) \u2192 UnixOperatingSystem(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2192 MacOS(x) \u2295 Linux(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 Linux(x) \u2192 Convenient(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 Software(x) \u2192 WrittenWithCode(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 Convenient(x) \u2192 Popular(x))\nUsedIn(burger, labComputer) \u2227 WrittenWithCode(burger) \u2227 MacOS(burger))\nUsedIn(pytorch, labComputer) \u2227 \u00ac(Linux(pytorch) \u2295 Software(pytorch))", "conclusion": "Burger is not popular.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acPopular(burger)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1358} +{"story_id": 470, "premises": "A Unix operating system used in the lab computers is a piece of software.\nAll versions of MacOS used in the lab computer are based on Unix operating systems.\nA lab computer uses either MacOS or Linux. \nAll Linux computers in the lab are convenient.\nAll software used in the lab computers is written with code.\nIf something is convenient in the lab computer, then it is popular.\nBurger is used in the lab computer, and it is written with code and a new version of MacOS.\nPyTorch is used in the lab computer, and PyTorch is neither a Linux system nor a piece of software.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 UnixOperatingSystem(x) \u2192 Software(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 MacOS(x) \u2192 UnixOperatingSystem(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2192 MacOS(x) \u2295 Linux(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 Linux(x) \u2192 Convenient(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 Software(x) \u2192 WrittenWithCode(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 Convenient(x) \u2192 Popular(x))\nUsedIn(burger, labComputer) \u2227 WrittenWithCode(burger) \u2227 MacOS(burger))\nUsedIn(pytorch, labComputer) \u2227 \u00ac(Linux(pytorch) \u2295 Software(pytorch))", "conclusion": "PyTorch is popular and written with code.", "conclusion-FOL": "Popular(pytorch) \u2227 WrittenWithCode(pytorch)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1359} +{"story_id": 470, "premises": "A Unix operating system used in the lab computers is a piece of software.\nAll versions of MacOS used in the lab computer are based on Unix operating systems.\nA lab computer uses either MacOS or Linux. \nAll Linux computers in the lab are convenient.\nAll software used in the lab computers is written with code.\nIf something is convenient in the lab computer, then it is popular.\nBurger is used in the lab computer, and it is written with code and a new version of MacOS.\nPyTorch is used in the lab computer, and PyTorch is neither a Linux system nor a piece of software.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 UnixOperatingSystem(x) \u2192 Software(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 MacOS(x) \u2192 UnixOperatingSystem(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2192 MacOS(x) \u2295 Linux(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 Linux(x) \u2192 Convenient(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 Software(x) \u2192 WrittenWithCode(x))\n\u2200x (UsedIn(x, labComputer) \u2227 Convenient(x) \u2192 Popular(x))\nUsedIn(burger, labComputer) \u2227 WrittenWithCode(burger) \u2227 MacOS(burger))\nUsedIn(pytorch, labComputer) \u2227 \u00ac(Linux(pytorch) \u2295 Software(pytorch))", "conclusion": "PyTorch is not popular and it is not written with code.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Popular(pytorch) \u2227 WrittenWithCode(pytorch))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1360} +{"story_id": 117, "premises": "Roads are made of either concrete or asphalt.\nRoads made of concrete last longer than roads made with asphalt.\nRoads made of asphalt are smoother than roads made of concrete.\nEveryone prefers the smoother of two roads. \nThe first road is made of concrete, and the second road is made of asphalt.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Road(x) \u2192 (MadeOf(x, concrete) \u2295 MadeOf(x, asphalt))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Road(x) \u2227 MadeOf(x, concrete) \u2227 Road(y) \u2227 MadeOf(y, asphalt) \u2192 LastLonger(x, y))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Road(x) \u2227 MadeOf(x, asphalt) \u2227 Road(y) \u2227 MadeOf(y, concrete) \u2192 Smoother(x, y))\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (Road(x) \u2227 Road(y) \u2227 Smoother(x, y) \u2192 Prefer(z, x))\nRoad(firstRoad) \u2227 MadeOf(secondRoad, concrete) \u2227 Road(firstRoad) \u2227 MadeOf(secondRoad, asphalt)", "conclusion": "The first road will last longer than the second road.", "conclusion-FOL": "LastLonger(firstRoad, secondRoad)", "label": "True", "example_id": 352} +{"story_id": 117, "premises": "Roads are made of either concrete or asphalt.\nRoads made of concrete last longer than roads made with asphalt.\nRoads made of asphalt are smoother than roads made of concrete.\nEveryone prefers the smoother of two roads. \nThe first road is made of concrete, and the second road is made of asphalt.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Road(x) \u2192 (MadeOf(x, concrete) \u2295 MadeOf(x, asphalt))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Road(x) \u2227 MadeOf(x, concrete) \u2227 Road(y) \u2227 MadeOf(y, asphalt) \u2192 LastLonger(x, y))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Road(x) \u2227 MadeOf(x, asphalt) \u2227 Road(y) \u2227 MadeOf(y, concrete) \u2192 Smoother(x, y))\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (Road(x) \u2227 Road(y) \u2227 Smoother(x, y) \u2192 Prefer(z, x))\nRoad(firstRoad) \u2227 MadeOf(secondRoad, concrete) \u2227 Road(firstRoad) \u2227 MadeOf(secondRoad, asphalt)", "conclusion": "The second road is not smoother than the first one.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acSmoother(firstRoad, secondRoad)", "label": "False", "example_id": 353} +{"story_id": 117, "premises": "Roads are made of either concrete or asphalt.\nRoads made of concrete last longer than roads made with asphalt.\nRoads made of asphalt are smoother than roads made of concrete.\nEveryone prefers the smoother of two roads. \nThe first road is made of concrete, and the second road is made of asphalt.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Road(x) \u2192 (MadeOf(x, concrete) \u2295 MadeOf(x, asphalt))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Road(x) \u2227 MadeOf(x, concrete) \u2227 Road(y) \u2227 MadeOf(y, asphalt) \u2192 LastLonger(x, y))\n\u2200x \u2200y (Road(x) \u2227 MadeOf(x, asphalt) \u2227 Road(y) \u2227 MadeOf(y, concrete) \u2192 Smoother(x, y))\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z (Road(x) \u2227 Road(y) \u2227 Smoother(x, y) \u2192 Prefer(z, x))\nRoad(firstRoad) \u2227 MadeOf(secondRoad, concrete) \u2227 Road(firstRoad) \u2227 MadeOf(secondRoad, asphalt)", "conclusion": "John prefers the second road.", "conclusion-FOL": "Prefer(john, secondRoad)", "label": "True", "example_id": 354} +{"story_id": 74, "premises": "Camp Davern is a traditional summer camp for boys and girls.\nCamp Davern was established in the year 1946.\nCamp Davern was operated by the YMCA until the year 2015.\nCamp Davern is an old summer camp.", "premises-FOL": "TraditionalSummerCamp(campDavern) \u2227 ForBoysAndGirls(campDavern)\nEstablishedIn(campDavern, year1946)\nOperatedUntil(yMCA, campDavern, year2015)\nOld(campDavern)", "conclusion": "One of Ontario's oldest summer camps is a traditional summer camp for boys and girls.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Old(x) \u2227 TraditionalSummerCamp(x) \u2227 ForBoysAndGirls(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 225} +{"story_id": 74, "premises": "Camp Davern is a traditional summer camp for boys and girls.\nCamp Davern was established in the year 1946.\nCamp Davern was operated by the YMCA until the year 2015.\nCamp Davern is an old summer camp.", "premises-FOL": "TraditionalSummerCamp(campDavern) \u2227 ForBoysAndGirls(campDavern)\nEstablishedIn(campDavern, year1946)\nOperatedUntil(yMCA, campDavern, year2015)\nOld(campDavern)", "conclusion": "A traditional summer camp for boys and girls was operated by the YMCA until the year 2015.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (TraditionalSummerCamp(x) \u2227 ForBoysAndGirls(x) \u2227 OperatedUntil(YMCA, x, year2015))", "label": "True", "example_id": 226} +{"story_id": 74, "premises": "Camp Davern is a traditional summer camp for boys and girls.\nCamp Davern was established in the year 1946.\nCamp Davern was operated by the YMCA until the year 2015.\nCamp Davern is an old summer camp.", "premises-FOL": "TraditionalSummerCamp(campDavern) \u2227 ForBoysAndGirls(campDavern)\nEstablishedIn(campDavern, year1946)\nOperatedUntil(yMCA, campDavern, year2015)\nOld(campDavern)", "conclusion": "Camp Davern was established in 1989.", "conclusion-FOL": "EstablishedIn(campdavern, year1989)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 227} +{"story_id": 372, "premises": "If Emily's friends publish journals, then they do not work in the entertainment industry.\nAll of Emily's friends who are award-winning novelists publish journals.\nEmily's friends work in the entertainment industry or are highly acclaimed in their profession.\nIf Emily's friends are highly acclaimed in their profession, then they often hold tenured and high-ranking positions at their workplace.\nIf Emily's friends are highly acclaimed in their profession, then they often receive glowing feedback and recommendations from their colleagues.\nTaylor is Emily's friend.\nIt is not true that Taylor both holds highly acclaimed in her profession and often holds tenured and high-ranking positions at her workplace.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2227 Publish(x, journal) \u2192 \u00acWorkIn(x, entertainmentIndustry))\n\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2227 AwardWinningNovelist(x) \u2192 Publish(x, journal))\n\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2192 WorkIn(x, entertainmentIndustry) \u2228 HighlyAcclaimedIn(x, theirProfession))\n\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2227 HighlyAcclaimedIn(x, theirProfession) \u2192 \u2203y (HoldAt(x, y, workPlace) \u2227 Tenured(y) \u2227 HighRanking(y) \u2227 Position(y)))\n\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2227 HighlyAcclaimedIn(x, theirProfession) \u2192 ReceiveFrom(x, glowingFeedback, colleague) \u2227 ReceiveFrom(x, glowingRecommendation, colleague))\nEmilysFriends(taylor) \n\u00ac(HighlyAcclaimedIn(taylor, theirProfession) \u2227 (\u2203y (HoldAt(taylor, y, workPlace) \u2227 Tenured(y) \u2227 HighRanking(y) \u2227 Position(y)))", "conclusion": "Taylor is Emily's friend and she often holds tenured and high-ranking positions at her workplace.", "conclusion-FOL": "EmilysFriends(taylor) \u2227 (\u2203y (HoldAt(taylor, y, workPlace) \u2227 Tenured(y) \u2227 HighRanking(y) \u2227 Position(y)))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 990} +{"story_id": 372, "premises": "If Emily's friends publish journals, then they do not work in the entertainment industry.\nAll of Emily's friends who are award-winning novelists publish journals.\nEmily's friends work in the entertainment industry or are highly acclaimed in their profession.\nIf Emily's friends are highly acclaimed in their profession, then they often hold tenured and high-ranking positions at their workplace.\nIf Emily's friends are highly acclaimed in their profession, then they often receive glowing feedback and recommendations from their colleagues.\nTaylor is Emily's friend.\nIt is not true that Taylor both holds highly acclaimed in her profession and often holds tenured and high-ranking positions at her workplace.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2227 Publish(x, journal) \u2192 \u00acWorkIn(x, entertainmentIndustry))\n\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2227 AwardWinningNovelist(x) \u2192 Publish(x, journal))\n\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2192 WorkIn(x, entertainmentIndustry) \u2228 HighlyAcclaimedIn(x, theirProfession))\n\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2227 HighlyAcclaimedIn(x, theirProfession) \u2192 \u2203y (HoldAt(x, y, workPlace) \u2227 Tenured(y) \u2227 HighRanking(y) \u2227 Position(y)))\n\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2227 HighlyAcclaimedIn(x, theirProfession) \u2192 ReceiveFrom(x, glowingFeedback, colleague) \u2227 ReceiveFrom(x, glowingRecommendation, colleague))\nEmilysFriends(taylor) \n\u00ac(HighlyAcclaimedIn(taylor, theirProfession) \u2227 (\u2203y (HoldAt(taylor, y, workPlace) \u2227 Tenured(y) \u2227 HighRanking(y) \u2227 Position(y)))", "conclusion": "Taylor is Emily's friend and she often receives glowing feedback and recommendations from their colleagues and is an award-winning novelist.", "conclusion-FOL": "EmilysFriends(taylor) \u2227 (Receive(taylor, glowingFeedback, colleague) \u2227 Receive(taylor, glowingRecommendation, colleague) \u2227 AwardWinningNovelist(taylor))", "label": "False", "example_id": 991} +{"story_id": 372, "premises": "If Emily's friends publish journals, then they do not work in the entertainment industry.\nAll of Emily's friends who are award-winning novelists publish journals.\nEmily's friends work in the entertainment industry or are highly acclaimed in their profession.\nIf Emily's friends are highly acclaimed in their profession, then they often hold tenured and high-ranking positions at their workplace.\nIf Emily's friends are highly acclaimed in their profession, then they often receive glowing feedback and recommendations from their colleagues.\nTaylor is Emily's friend.\nIt is not true that Taylor both holds highly acclaimed in her profession and often holds tenured and high-ranking positions at her workplace.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2227 Publish(x, journal) \u2192 \u00acWorkIn(x, entertainmentIndustry))\n\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2227 AwardWinningNovelist(x) \u2192 Publish(x, journal))\n\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2192 WorkIn(x, entertainmentIndustry) \u2228 HighlyAcclaimedIn(x, theirProfession))\n\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2227 HighlyAcclaimedIn(x, theirProfession) \u2192 \u2203y (HoldAt(x, y, workPlace) \u2227 Tenured(y) \u2227 HighRanking(y) \u2227 Position(y)))\n\u2200x (EmilysFriend(x) \u2227 HighlyAcclaimedIn(x, theirProfession) \u2192 ReceiveFrom(x, glowingFeedback, colleague) \u2227 ReceiveFrom(x, glowingRecommendation, colleague))\nEmilysFriends(taylor) \n\u00ac(HighlyAcclaimedIn(taylor, theirProfession) \u2227 (\u2203y (HoldAt(taylor, y, workPlace) \u2227 Tenured(y) \u2227 HighRanking(y) \u2227 Position(y)))", "conclusion": "Taylor is Emily's friend and she does not both publish journals and is an award-winning novelist.", "conclusion-FOL": "EmilysFriends(taylor) \u2227 \u00ac(Publish(taylor, journal) \u2227 AwardWinningNovelist(taylor))", "label": "True", "example_id": 992} +{"story_id": 10, "premises": "Thick as Thieves is a young adult fantasy novel written by Megan Whalen Turner.\nThick as Thieves was published by Greenwillow Books.\nIf a book was published by a company, then the author of that book worked with the company that published the book.\nThe fictional Mede Empire is where Thick as Thieves is set.\nThe Mede Empire plots to swallow up some nearby countries.\nAttolia and Sounis are countries near the Mede Empire.\nThick as Thieves was sold both as a hardcover and an e-book.", "premises-FOL": "YoungAdultFantasy(thickAsTheives) \u2227 Novel(thickAsTheives) \u2227 WrittenBy(thickAsTheives, meganWhalenTurner)\nPublishedBy(thickAsTheives, greenWillowBooks)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((WrittenBy(x, y) \u2227 PublishedBy(x, z)) \u2192 WorkedWith(y, z))\nFictional(medeEmpire) \u2227 SetIn(thickAsTheives, medeEmpire)\n\u2203x \u2203y ((Country(x) \u2227 Near(x, medeEmpire) \u2227 PlotsToSwallowUp(medeEmpire, x)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 Near(y, medeEmpire) \u2227 PlotsToSwallowUp(medeEmpire, y)))\nCountry(attolia) \u2227 Near(attolia, medeEmpire) \u2227 Country(sounis) \u2227 Near(sounis, medeEmpire)\nSoldAs(thickAsTheives, hardCover) \u2227 SoldAs(thickAsTheives, softCover)", "conclusion": "Megan Whalen Turner worked with Greenwillow Books.", "conclusion-FOL": "WorkedWith(WhalenTurner, greenWillowbooks)", "label": "True", "example_id": 25} +{"story_id": 10, "premises": "Thick as Thieves is a young adult fantasy novel written by Megan Whalen Turner.\nThick as Thieves was published by Greenwillow Books.\nIf a book was published by a company, then the author of that book worked with the company that published the book.\nThe fictional Mede Empire is where Thick as Thieves is set.\nThe Mede Empire plots to swallow up some nearby countries.\nAttolia and Sounis are countries near the Mede Empire.\nThick as Thieves was sold both as a hardcover and an e-book.", "premises-FOL": "YoungAdultFantasy(thickAsTheives) \u2227 Novel(thickAsTheives) \u2227 WrittenBy(thickAsTheives, meganWhalenTurner)\nPublishedBy(thickAsTheives, greenWillowBooks)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((WrittenBy(x, y) \u2227 PublishedBy(x, z)) \u2192 WorkedWith(y, z))\nFictional(medeEmpire) \u2227 SetIn(thickAsTheives, medeEmpire)\n\u2203x \u2203y ((Country(x) \u2227 Near(x, medeEmpire) \u2227 PlotsToSwallowUp(medeEmpire, x)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 Near(y, medeEmpire) \u2227 PlotsToSwallowUp(medeEmpire, y)))\nCountry(attolia) \u2227 Near(attolia, medeEmpire) \u2227 Country(sounis) \u2227 Near(sounis, medeEmpire)\nSoldAs(thickAsTheives, hardCover) \u2227 SoldAs(thickAsTheives, softCover)", "conclusion": "The Mede Empire plans to swallow up Attolia.", "conclusion-FOL": "PlotsToSwallowUp(medeEmpire, attolia)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 26} +{"story_id": 10, "premises": "Thick as Thieves is a young adult fantasy novel written by Megan Whalen Turner.\nThick as Thieves was published by Greenwillow Books.\nIf a book was published by a company, then the author of that book worked with the company that published the book.\nThe fictional Mede Empire is where Thick as Thieves is set.\nThe Mede Empire plots to swallow up some nearby countries.\nAttolia and Sounis are countries near the Mede Empire.\nThick as Thieves was sold both as a hardcover and an e-book.", "premises-FOL": "YoungAdultFantasy(thickAsTheives) \u2227 Novel(thickAsTheives) \u2227 WrittenBy(thickAsTheives, meganWhalenTurner)\nPublishedBy(thickAsTheives, greenWillowBooks)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((WrittenBy(x, y) \u2227 PublishedBy(x, z)) \u2192 WorkedWith(y, z))\nFictional(medeEmpire) \u2227 SetIn(thickAsTheives, medeEmpire)\n\u2203x \u2203y ((Country(x) \u2227 Near(x, medeEmpire) \u2227 PlotsToSwallowUp(medeEmpire, x)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 Near(y, medeEmpire) \u2227 PlotsToSwallowUp(medeEmpire, y)))\nCountry(attolia) \u2227 Near(attolia, medeEmpire) \u2227 Country(sounis) \u2227 Near(sounis, medeEmpire)\nSoldAs(thickAsTheives, hardCover) \u2227 SoldAs(thickAsTheives, softCover)", "conclusion": "Thick as Thieves is not set in the Mede Empire.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acSetIn(thickAsTheives, medeEmpire)", "label": "False", "example_id": 27} +{"story_id": 10, "premises": "Thick as Thieves is a young adult fantasy novel written by Megan Whalen Turner.\nThick as Thieves was published by Greenwillow Books.\nIf a book was published by a company, then the author of that book worked with the company that published the book.\nThe fictional Mede Empire is where Thick as Thieves is set.\nThe Mede Empire plots to swallow up some nearby countries.\nAttolia and Sounis are countries near the Mede Empire.\nThick as Thieves was sold both as a hardcover and an e-book.", "premises-FOL": "YoungAdultFantasy(thickAsTheives) \u2227 Novel(thickAsTheives) \u2227 WrittenBy(thickAsTheives, meganWhalenTurner)\nPublishedBy(thickAsTheives, greenWillowBooks)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((WrittenBy(x, y) \u2227 PublishedBy(x, z)) \u2192 WorkedWith(y, z))\nFictional(medeEmpire) \u2227 SetIn(thickAsTheives, medeEmpire)\n\u2203x \u2203y ((Country(x) \u2227 Near(x, medeEmpire) \u2227 PlotsToSwallowUp(medeEmpire, x)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 Near(y, medeEmpire) \u2227 PlotsToSwallowUp(medeEmpire, y)))\nCountry(attolia) \u2227 Near(attolia, medeEmpire) \u2227 Country(sounis) \u2227 Near(sounis, medeEmpire)\nSoldAs(thickAsTheives, hardCover) \u2227 SoldAs(thickAsTheives, softCover)", "conclusion": "Megan Whalen Turner did not work with Greenwillow Books.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acWorkedWith(megan, greenWillowbooks)", "label": "False", "example_id": 28} +{"story_id": 116, "premises": "WeTab is a MeeGo-based tablet computer.\nWeTab was announced by Neofonie.\nNeofonie is a German producer.\nGermans live in Germany or abroad. ", "premises-FOL": "MeeGoBased(weTab) \u2227 TabletComputer(weTab)\n\u2200x (AnnouncedBy(weTab, neofonie))\nGerman(neofonie) \u2227 Producer(neofonie)\n\u2200x (German(x) \u2192 LiveIn(x, german) \u2295 LiveAbroad(x))", "conclusion": "There is a tablet computer announced by a German producer.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (TabletComputer(x) \u2227 German(y) \u2227 Producer(y) \u2227 AnnouncedBy(x, y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 350} +{"story_id": 116, "premises": "WeTab is a MeeGo-based tablet computer.\nWeTab was announced by Neofonie.\nNeofonie is a German producer.\nGermans live in Germany or abroad. ", "premises-FOL": "MeeGoBased(weTab) \u2227 TabletComputer(weTab)\n\u2200x (AnnouncedBy(weTab, neofonie))\nGerman(neofonie) \u2227 Producer(neofonie)\n\u2200x (German(x) \u2192 LiveIn(x, german) \u2295 LiveAbroad(x))", "conclusion": "Neofonie doesn't speak English or German.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acSpeak(neofonie, english) \u2227 \u00acSpeak(neofonie, german)", "label": "False", "example_id": 351} +{"story_id": 419, "premises": "Some employees in James's town who work in business analysis are good at math. \nAll of the employees in James's town who work in business analysis are working for this company. \nNone of the employees in James's town who work for this company are from China. \nAll of the employees in James's town working in software engineering are from China. \nLeif is an employee in James's town, and he is working in software engineering. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (EmployeeIn(x, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(x, businessAnalysis) \u2227 GoodAt(x, math) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 EmployeeIn(y, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(y, businessAnalysis) \u2227 GoodAt(y, math))\n\u2200x ((EmployeeIn(x, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(x, businessAnalysis)) \u2192 WorkFor(x, thisCompany))\n\u2200x ((EmployeeIn(x, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkFor(x, thisCompany)) \u2192 \u00acFrom(x, china))\n\u2200x (EmployeeIn(x, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(x, softwareEngineering) \u2192 From(x, china))\nEmployeeIn(leif, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(leif, softwareEngineering)", "conclusion": "Leif is good at math.", "conclusion-FOL": "EmployeesInJamesSTown(leif) \u2227 GoodAt(leif, math)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1181} +{"story_id": 419, "premises": "Some employees in James's town who work in business analysis are good at math. \nAll of the employees in James's town who work in business analysis are working for this company. \nNone of the employees in James's town who work for this company are from China. \nAll of the employees in James's town working in software engineering are from China. \nLeif is an employee in James's town, and he is working in software engineering. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (EmployeeIn(x, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(x, businessAnalysis) \u2227 GoodAt(x, math) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 EmployeeIn(y, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(y, businessAnalysis) \u2227 GoodAt(y, math))\n\u2200x ((EmployeeIn(x, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(x, businessAnalysis)) \u2192 WorkFor(x, thisCompany))\n\u2200x ((EmployeeIn(x, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkFor(x, thisCompany)) \u2192 \u00acFrom(x, china))\n\u2200x (EmployeeIn(x, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(x, softwareEngineering) \u2192 From(x, china))\nEmployeeIn(leif, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(leif, softwareEngineering)", "conclusion": "Leif is not both good at math and working in business analysis.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(GoodAt(leif, math) \u2227 WorkIn(leif, businessAnalysis))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1182} +{"story_id": 419, "premises": "Some employees in James's town who work in business analysis are good at math. \nAll of the employees in James's town who work in business analysis are working for this company. \nNone of the employees in James's town who work for this company are from China. \nAll of the employees in James's town working in software engineering are from China. \nLeif is an employee in James's town, and he is working in software engineering. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (EmployeeIn(x, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(x, businessAnalysis) \u2227 GoodAt(x, math) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 EmployeeIn(y, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(y, businessAnalysis) \u2227 GoodAt(y, math))\n\u2200x ((EmployeeIn(x, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(x, businessAnalysis)) \u2192 WorkFor(x, thisCompany))\n\u2200x ((EmployeeIn(x, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkFor(x, thisCompany)) \u2192 \u00acFrom(x, china))\n\u2200x (EmployeeIn(x, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(x, softwareEngineering) \u2192 From(x, china))\nEmployeeIn(leif, jamesSTown) \u2227 WorkIn(leif, softwareEngineering)", "conclusion": "If Leif is not both good at math and in business analysis, then he is neither working in this company nor working in software engineering.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(GoodAt(leif, math) \u2227 WorkIn(leif, businessAnalysis)) \u2192 (\u00acWorkFor(x, thisCompany) \u2227 \u00acWorkIn(x, softwareEngineering))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1183} +{"story_id": 157, "premises": "The party provides five kinds of fruits: strawberry, orange, blueberry, grape, and cherry.\nIf the fruit had the lowest remaining weight at the end of the party, then it means it was the most popular fruit.\nAt the end of the party, strawberries had the lowest remaining weight.\nAt the end of the party, the number of leftover blueberries was lower than that of cherries.\nBenjamin only ate oranges and grapes at the party.", "premises-FOL": "Provide(party, strawberry) \u2227 Provide(party, orange) \u2227 Provide(party, blueberry) \u2227 Provide(party, grape) \u2227 Provide(party, cherry) \n\u2200x (LowestWeightRemainingAt(x, endOfParty) \u2192 MostPopular(x)) \nLowestWeightRemainingAt(strawberries, endOfParty)\nLowerWeightAt(blueberry, cherry, endOfParty)\nEat(benjamin, orange) \u2227 Eat(benjamin, grape) \u2227 \u00acEat(benjamin, blueberry) \u2227 \u00acEat(benjamin, cherry) \u2227 \u00acEat(benjamin, strawberry)", "conclusion": "Blueberries were the most popular fruit at the party.", "conclusion-FOL": "MostPopular(blueberry)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 450} +{"story_id": 157, "premises": "The party provides five kinds of fruits: strawberry, orange, blueberry, grape, and cherry.\nIf the fruit had the lowest remaining weight at the end of the party, then it means it was the most popular fruit.\nAt the end of the party, strawberries had the lowest remaining weight.\nAt the end of the party, the number of leftover blueberries was lower than that of cherries.\nBenjamin only ate oranges and grapes at the party.", "premises-FOL": "Provide(party, strawberry) \u2227 Provide(party, orange) \u2227 Provide(party, blueberry) \u2227 Provide(party, grape) \u2227 Provide(party, cherry) \n\u2200x (LowestWeightRemainingAt(x, endOfParty) \u2192 MostPopular(x)) \nLowestWeightRemainingAt(strawberries, endOfParty)\nLowerWeightAt(blueberry, cherry, endOfParty)\nEat(benjamin, orange) \u2227 Eat(benjamin, grape) \u2227 \u00acEat(benjamin, blueberry) \u2227 \u00acEat(benjamin, cherry) \u2227 \u00acEat(benjamin, strawberry)", "conclusion": "Cherries were the most popular fruit at the party.", "conclusion-FOL": "MostPopular(cherry)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 451} +{"story_id": 157, "premises": "The party provides five kinds of fruits: strawberry, orange, blueberry, grape, and cherry.\nIf the fruit had the lowest remaining weight at the end of the party, then it means it was the most popular fruit.\nAt the end of the party, strawberries had the lowest remaining weight.\nAt the end of the party, the number of leftover blueberries was lower than that of cherries.\nBenjamin only ate oranges and grapes at the party.", "premises-FOL": "Provide(party, strawberry) \u2227 Provide(party, orange) \u2227 Provide(party, blueberry) \u2227 Provide(party, grape) \u2227 Provide(party, cherry) \n\u2200x (LowestWeightRemainingAt(x, endOfParty) \u2192 MostPopular(x)) \nLowestWeightRemainingAt(strawberries, endOfParty)\nLowerWeightAt(blueberry, cherry, endOfParty)\nEat(benjamin, orange) \u2227 Eat(benjamin, grape) \u2227 \u00acEat(benjamin, blueberry) \u2227 \u00acEat(benjamin, cherry) \u2227 \u00acEat(benjamin, strawberry)", "conclusion": "Benjamin ate blueberries at the party.", "conclusion-FOL": "Eat(blueberry, benjamin)", "label": "False", "example_id": 452} +{"story_id": 63, "premises": "All students who attend in person have registered for the conference. \nStudents either attend the conference in person or remotely. \nNo students from China attend the conference remotely. \nJames attends the conference, but he does not attend the conference remotely.\nJack attends the conference, and he is a student from China.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (AttendInPerson(x) \u2192 Registered(x))\n\u2200x (Attend(x) \u2192 (AttendInPerson(x) \u2295 AttendRemotely(x)))\n\u2200x ((Attend(x) \u2227 FromChina(x)) \u2192 \u00acAttendRemotely(x))\nAttend(james) \u2227 (\u00acAttendRemotely(james))\nFromChina(jack) \u2227 Attend(jack)", "conclusion": "James attends the conference but not in person.", "conclusion-FOL": "Attend(james) \u2227 (\u00acAttendInPerson(james))", "label": "False", "example_id": 186} +{"story_id": 63, "premises": "All students who attend in person have registered for the conference. \nStudents either attend the conference in person or remotely. \nNo students from China attend the conference remotely. \nJames attends the conference, but he does not attend the conference remotely.\nJack attends the conference, and he is a student from China.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (AttendInPerson(x) \u2192 Registered(x))\n\u2200x (Attend(x) \u2192 (AttendInPerson(x) \u2295 AttendRemotely(x)))\n\u2200x ((Attend(x) \u2227 FromChina(x)) \u2192 \u00acAttendRemotely(x))\nAttend(james) \u2227 (\u00acAttendRemotely(james))\nFromChina(jack) \u2227 Attend(jack)", "conclusion": "Jack attends the conference in person.", "conclusion-FOL": "Attend(jack) \u2227 AttendInPerson(jack)", "label": "True", "example_id": 187} +{"story_id": 63, "premises": "All students who attend in person have registered for the conference. \nStudents either attend the conference in person or remotely. \nNo students from China attend the conference remotely. \nJames attends the conference, but he does not attend the conference remotely.\nJack attends the conference, and he is a student from China.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (AttendInPerson(x) \u2192 Registered(x))\n\u2200x (Attend(x) \u2192 (AttendInPerson(x) \u2295 AttendRemotely(x)))\n\u2200x ((Attend(x) \u2227 FromChina(x)) \u2192 \u00acAttendRemotely(x))\nAttend(james) \u2227 (\u00acAttendRemotely(james))\nFromChina(jack) \u2227 Attend(jack)", "conclusion": "Jack has registered for the conference.", "conclusion-FOL": "Registered(jack)", "label": "True", "example_id": 188} +{"story_id": 223, "premises": "David Ha'ivri is a political strategist. \nIf you are born in Israel to at least one Israeli parent, you receive Israeli citizenship at birth. \nDavid Ha'ivri emigrated to the United States from Israel, where he was born to Israeli parents. \nSeveral Zionist leaders have been elected to the Shomron Regional Municipal council. \nDavid Ha'ivri is a Zionist leader.", "premises-FOL": "PoliticalStrategist(davidHaivri)\n\u2200x \u2203y (BornInIsrael(x) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 Israeli(y) \u2192 Israeli(x))\n\u2203x (EmigratedTo(davidHaivri, america) \u2227 BornInIsrael(davidHaivri) \u2227 ParentOf(davidHaivri, x) \u2227 Israeli(x))\n\u2203x (ZionistLeader(x) \u2227 ElectedTo(x, shomronMunicipalCouncil))\nZionstLeader(davidHaivri)", "conclusion": "David Ha'ivri is an Israeli citizen.", "conclusion-FOL": "IsraeliCitizen(davidHaivri)", "label": "True", "example_id": 629} +{"story_id": 223, "premises": "David Ha'ivri is a political strategist. \nIf you are born in Israel to at least one Israeli parent, you receive Israeli citizenship at birth. \nDavid Ha'ivri emigrated to the United States from Israel, where he was born to Israeli parents. \nSeveral Zionist leaders have been elected to the Shomron Regional Municipal council. \nDavid Ha'ivri is a Zionist leader.", "premises-FOL": "PoliticalStrategist(davidHaivri)\n\u2200x \u2203y (BornInIsrael(x) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 Israeli(y) \u2192 Israeli(x))\n\u2203x (EmigratedTo(davidHaivri, america) \u2227 BornInIsrael(davidHaivri) \u2227 ParentOf(davidHaivri, x) \u2227 Israeli(x))\n\u2203x (ZionistLeader(x) \u2227 ElectedTo(x, shomronMunicipalCouncil))\nZionstLeader(davidHaivri)", "conclusion": "David Ha'ivri is a United States citizen.", "conclusion-FOL": "American(davidHaivri)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 630} +{"story_id": 223, "premises": "David Ha'ivri is a political strategist. \nIf you are born in Israel to at least one Israeli parent, you receive Israeli citizenship at birth. \nDavid Ha'ivri emigrated to the United States from Israel, where he was born to Israeli parents. \nSeveral Zionist leaders have been elected to the Shomron Regional Municipal council. \nDavid Ha'ivri is a Zionist leader.", "premises-FOL": "PoliticalStrategist(davidHaivri)\n\u2200x \u2203y (BornInIsrael(x) \u2227 ParentOf(y, x) \u2227 Israeli(y) \u2192 Israeli(x))\n\u2203x (EmigratedTo(davidHaivri, america) \u2227 BornInIsrael(davidHaivri) \u2227 ParentOf(davidHaivri, x) \u2227 Israeli(x))\n\u2203x (ZionistLeader(x) \u2227 ElectedTo(x, shomronMunicipalCouncil))\nZionstLeader(davidHaivri)", "conclusion": "David Ha'ivri has been elected to the Shomron Regional Municipal council.", "conclusion-FOL": "ElectedTo(davidHaivri, shomronMunicipalCouncil)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 631} +{"story_id": 1, "premises": "Mary has the flu.\nIf someone has the flu, then they have influenza.\nSusan doesn't have influenza.", "premises-FOL": "Has(mary, flu)\n\u2200x (Has(x, flu) \u2192 Has(x, influenza))\n\u00acHas(susan, influenza)", "conclusion": "Either Mary or Susan has influenza.", "conclusion-FOL": "Has(mary, influenza) \u2295 Has(susan, influenza)", "label": "True", "example_id": 3} +{"story_id": 42, "premises": "James Cocks was a British lawyer.\nJames Cocks was a Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons.\nA British is a European.\nAny lawyer is familiar with laws.\nSome Whigs speak French.", "premises-FOL": "British(james) \u2227 Lawyer(james)\nWhig(james) \u2227 Politician(james) \u2227 SatInHouseOfCommons(james)\n\u2200x (British(x) \u2192 European(x))\n\u2200x (Lawyer(x) \u2192 FamiliarWithLaws(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Whig(x) \u2227 SpeakFrench(x)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 (Whig(y) \u2227 SpeakFrench(y))", "conclusion": "No lawyer ever sat in the House of Commons.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Lawyer(x) \u2192 \u00acSatInHouseOfCommons(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 120} +{"story_id": 42, "premises": "James Cocks was a British lawyer.\nJames Cocks was a Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons.\nA British is a European.\nAny lawyer is familiar with laws.\nSome Whigs speak French.", "premises-FOL": "British(james) \u2227 Lawyer(james)\nWhig(james) \u2227 Politician(james) \u2227 SatInHouseOfCommons(james)\n\u2200x (British(x) \u2192 European(x))\n\u2200x (Lawyer(x) \u2192 FamiliarWithLaws(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Whig(x) \u2227 SpeakFrench(x)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 (Whig(y) \u2227 SpeakFrench(y))", "conclusion": "Some European was familiar with laws.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (European(x) \u2227 FamiliarWithLaws(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 121} +{"story_id": 42, "premises": "James Cocks was a British lawyer.\nJames Cocks was a Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons.\nA British is a European.\nAny lawyer is familiar with laws.\nSome Whigs speak French.", "premises-FOL": "British(james) \u2227 Lawyer(james)\nWhig(james) \u2227 Politician(james) \u2227 SatInHouseOfCommons(james)\n\u2200x (British(x) \u2192 European(x))\n\u2200x (Lawyer(x) \u2192 FamiliarWithLaws(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Whig(x) \u2227 SpeakFrench(x)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 (Whig(y) \u2227 SpeakFrench(y))", "conclusion": "James Cocks speaks French.", "conclusion-FOL": "SpeakFrench(james)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 122} +{"story_id": 122, "premises": "Beasts of Prey is a fantasy novel or a science fiction novel, or both.\nScience fiction novels are not about mythological creatures\nBeasts of Prey Is about a creature known as the Shetani.\nShetanis are mythological.", "premises-FOL": "Novel(beastsOfPrey) \u2192 (Fantasy(beastsOfPrey) \u2228 ScienceFiction(beastsOfPrey))\n\u2200x \u2200y (ScienceFiction(x) \u2227 Mythological(y) \u2227 Creature(y) \u2192 \u00acAbout(x, y))\nAbout(beastsOfPrey, shetani) \u2227 Creature(shetani)\nMythological(shetani)", "conclusion": "Beasts of prey is a fantasy novel.", "conclusion-FOL": "Fantasy(beastsOfpPrey) \u2227 Novel(beastsOfPrey)", "label": "True", "example_id": 364} +{"story_id": 122, "premises": "Beasts of Prey is a fantasy novel or a science fiction novel, or both.\nScience fiction novels are not about mythological creatures\nBeasts of Prey Is about a creature known as the Shetani.\nShetanis are mythological.", "premises-FOL": "Novel(beastsOfPrey) \u2192 (Fantasy(beastsOfPrey) \u2228 ScienceFiction(beastsOfPrey))\n\u2200x \u2200y (ScienceFiction(x) \u2227 Mythological(y) \u2227 Creature(y) \u2192 \u00acAbout(x, y))\nAbout(beastsOfPrey, shetani) \u2227 Creature(shetani)\nMythological(shetani)", "conclusion": "Beasts of prey isn't a science fiction novel.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acScienceFiction(beastsofprey) \u2227 Novel(beastsOfPrey)", "label": "True", "example_id": 365} +{"story_id": 122, "premises": "Beasts of Prey is a fantasy novel or a science fiction novel, or both.\nScience fiction novels are not about mythological creatures\nBeasts of Prey Is about a creature known as the Shetani.\nShetanis are mythological.", "premises-FOL": "Novel(beastsOfPrey) \u2192 (Fantasy(beastsOfPrey) \u2228 ScienceFiction(beastsOfPrey))\n\u2200x \u2200y (ScienceFiction(x) \u2227 Mythological(y) \u2227 Creature(y) \u2192 \u00acAbout(x, y))\nAbout(beastsOfPrey, shetani) \u2227 Creature(shetani)\nMythological(shetani)", "conclusion": "A shetani is either mythological or a creature.", "conclusion-FOL": "Mythological(shetani) \u2295 Creature(shetani)", "label": "False", "example_id": 366} +{"story_id": 17, "premises": "Odell is an English surname originating in Odell, Bedfordshire.\nIn some families, Odell is spelled O'Dell in a mistaken Irish adaptation.\nNotable people with surnames include Amy Odell, Jack Odell, and Mats Odell.\nAmy Odell is a British singer-songwriter.\nJack Odell is an English toy inventor.", "premises-FOL": "Surname(nameODell) \u2227 From(nameODell, oDellBedfordshire)\nMistakenSpellingOf(nameO'Dell, nameODell) \u2227 (\u2203x\u2203y(Family(x) \u2227 Named(x, nameO'Dell) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Family(y) \u2227 Named(y, nameO'Dell))\nNamed(amyODell, nameODell) \u2227 NotablePerson(amyODell) \u2227 Named(jackODell, nameODell) \u2227 NotablePerson(jackODell) \u2227 Named(matsODell, nameODell) \u2227 NotablePerson(matsODell)\nBritish(amyODell) \u2227 Singer(amyODell) \u2227 SongWriter(amyODell)\nEnglish(jackODell) \u2227 ToyInventor(jackODell)", "conclusion": "Jack Odell is a notable person.", "conclusion-FOL": "NotablePerson(jackODell)", "label": "True", "example_id": 47} +{"story_id": 17, "premises": "Odell is an English surname originating in Odell, Bedfordshire.\nIn some families, Odell is spelled O'Dell in a mistaken Irish adaptation.\nNotable people with surnames include Amy Odell, Jack Odell, and Mats Odell.\nAmy Odell is a British singer-songwriter.\nJack Odell is an English toy inventor.", "premises-FOL": "Surname(nameODell) \u2227 From(nameODell, oDellBedfordshire)\nMistakenSpellingOf(nameO'Dell, nameODell) \u2227 (\u2203x\u2203y(Family(x) \u2227 Named(x, nameO'Dell) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Family(y) \u2227 Named(y, nameO'Dell))\nNamed(amyODell, nameODell) \u2227 NotablePerson(amyODell) \u2227 Named(jackODell, nameODell) \u2227 NotablePerson(jackODell) \u2227 Named(matsODell, nameODell) \u2227 NotablePerson(matsODell)\nBritish(amyODell) \u2227 Singer(amyODell) \u2227 SongWriter(amyODell)\nEnglish(jackODell) \u2227 ToyInventor(jackODell)", "conclusion": "Odell is Amy Odell's surname.", "conclusion-FOL": "Named(amyODell, nameODell)", "label": "True", "example_id": 48} +{"story_id": 17, "premises": "Odell is an English surname originating in Odell, Bedfordshire.\nIn some families, Odell is spelled O'Dell in a mistaken Irish adaptation.\nNotable people with surnames include Amy Odell, Jack Odell, and Mats Odell.\nAmy Odell is a British singer-songwriter.\nJack Odell is an English toy inventor.", "premises-FOL": "Surname(nameODell) \u2227 From(nameODell, oDellBedfordshire)\nMistakenSpellingOf(nameO'Dell, nameODell) \u2227 (\u2203x\u2203y(Family(x) \u2227 Named(x, nameO'Dell) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Family(y) \u2227 Named(y, nameO'Dell))\nNamed(amyODell, nameODell) \u2227 NotablePerson(amyODell) \u2227 Named(jackODell, nameODell) \u2227 NotablePerson(jackODell) \u2227 Named(matsODell, nameODell) \u2227 NotablePerson(matsODell)\nBritish(amyODell) \u2227 Singer(amyODell) \u2227 SongWriter(amyODell)\nEnglish(jackODell) \u2227 ToyInventor(jackODell)", "conclusion": "Amy Odell is an English toy inventor.", "conclusion-FOL": "English(amyODell) \u2227 ToyInventor(amyODell)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 49} +{"story_id": 17, "premises": "Odell is an English surname originating in Odell, Bedfordshire.\nIn some families, Odell is spelled O'Dell in a mistaken Irish adaptation.\nNotable people with surnames include Amy Odell, Jack Odell, and Mats Odell.\nAmy Odell is a British singer-songwriter.\nJack Odell is an English toy inventor.", "premises-FOL": "Surname(nameODell) \u2227 From(nameODell, oDellBedfordshire)\nMistakenSpellingOf(nameO'Dell, nameODell) \u2227 (\u2203x\u2203y(Family(x) \u2227 Named(x, nameO'Dell) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Family(y) \u2227 Named(y, nameO'Dell))\nNamed(amyODell, nameODell) \u2227 NotablePerson(amyODell) \u2227 Named(jackODell, nameODell) \u2227 NotablePerson(jackODell) \u2227 Named(matsODell, nameODell) \u2227 NotablePerson(matsODell)\nBritish(amyODell) \u2227 Singer(amyODell) \u2227 SongWriter(amyODell)\nEnglish(jackODell) \u2227 ToyInventor(jackODell)", "conclusion": "Amy Odell is also Amy O'Dell.", "conclusion-FOL": "Named(amyODell, nameODell) \u2227 Named(amyODell, nameO'Dell)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 50} +{"story_id": 167, "premises": "If you go somewhere by train, you will not lose time.\nIf you go somewhere by car and meet a traffic jam, you will lose time.\nIf you lose time, you will be late for work.\nMary can get from New Haven to New York City either by train or car.\nMary is late for work.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (GoByTrain(x) \u2192 \u00acLoseTime(x))\n\u2200x((GoByCar(x) \u2227 Meet(x, trafficJam)) \u2192 LoseTime(x))\n\u2200x (LoseTime(x) \u2192 LateForWork(x))\nFromAndTo(newHaven, newYork) \u2227 (GoByTrain(mary) \u2295 GoByCar(mary))\nLateForWork(mary)", "conclusion": "Mary gets from New Haven to New York City by train.", "conclusion-FOL": "FromAndTo(newHaven, newYork) \u2227 GoByTrain(mary)", "label": "False", "example_id": 479} +{"story_id": 167, "premises": "If you go somewhere by train, you will not lose time.\nIf you go somewhere by car and meet a traffic jam, you will lose time.\nIf you lose time, you will be late for work.\nMary can get from New Haven to New York City either by train or car.\nMary is late for work.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (GoByTrain(x) \u2192 \u00acLoseTime(x))\n\u2200x((GoByCar(x) \u2227 Meet(x, trafficJam)) \u2192 LoseTime(x))\n\u2200x (LoseTime(x) \u2192 LateForWork(x))\nFromAndTo(newHaven, newYork) \u2227 (GoByTrain(mary) \u2295 GoByCar(mary))\nLateForWork(mary)", "conclusion": "Mary gets from New Haven to New York City by car.", "conclusion-FOL": "FromAndTo(newHaven, newYork) \u2227 GoByCar(mary)", "label": "True", "example_id": 480} +{"story_id": 167, "premises": "If you go somewhere by train, you will not lose time.\nIf you go somewhere by car and meet a traffic jam, you will lose time.\nIf you lose time, you will be late for work.\nMary can get from New Haven to New York City either by train or car.\nMary is late for work.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (GoByTrain(x) \u2192 \u00acLoseTime(x))\n\u2200x((GoByCar(x) \u2227 Meet(x, trafficJam)) \u2192 LoseTime(x))\n\u2200x (LoseTime(x) \u2192 LateForWork(x))\nFromAndTo(newHaven, newYork) \u2227 (GoByTrain(mary) \u2295 GoByCar(mary))\nLateForWork(mary)", "conclusion": "Mary meets a traffic jam.", "conclusion-FOL": "Meet(mary, trafficJam)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 481} +{"story_id": 297, "premises": "If a person is hungry, the person is uncomfortable.\nIf a person is uncomfortable, the person is unhappy.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Hungry(x) \u2192 Uncomfortable(x))\n\u2200x (Uncomfortable(x) \u2192 \u00acHappy(x))", "conclusion": "If a person is not hungry, the person is unhappy.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (\u00acHungry(x) \u2192 \u00acHappy(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 741} +{"story_id": 309, "premises": "Tipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (TippedEmployee(x) \u2192 \u00acEntitledTo(x, federalMinimumWage))\n\u2200x (WhiteCollarWorker(x) \u2192 EntitledTo(x, federalMinimumWage))\n\u2200x (Lawyer(x) \u2192 WhiteCollarWorker(x))\n\u2200x (Advocate(x) \u2192 Lawyer(x))\n\u00ac(Lawyer(mary) \u2295 TippedEmployee(mary))", "conclusion": "Mary is a white-collar worker.", "conclusion-FOL": "WhiteCollarWorker(mary)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 764} +{"story_id": 309, "premises": "Tipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (TippedEmployee(x) \u2192 \u00acEntitledTo(x, federalMinimumWage))\n\u2200x (WhiteCollarWorker(x) \u2192 EntitledTo(x, federalMinimumWage))\n\u2200x (Lawyer(x) \u2192 WhiteCollarWorker(x))\n\u2200x (Advocate(x) \u2192 Lawyer(x))\n\u00ac(Lawyer(mary) \u2295 TippedEmployee(mary))", "conclusion": "Mary is an advocate.", "conclusion-FOL": "Advocate(mary)", "label": "False", "example_id": 765} +{"story_id": 309, "premises": "Tipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (TippedEmployee(x) \u2192 \u00acEntitledTo(x, federalMinimumWage))\n\u2200x (WhiteCollarWorker(x) \u2192 EntitledTo(x, federalMinimumWage))\n\u2200x (Lawyer(x) \u2192 WhiteCollarWorker(x))\n\u2200x (Advocate(x) \u2192 Lawyer(x))\n\u00ac(Lawyer(mary) \u2295 TippedEmployee(mary))", "conclusion": "Mary is not an advocate.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acAdvocate(mary)", "label": "True", "example_id": 766} +{"story_id": 309, "premises": "Tipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (TippedEmployee(x) \u2192 \u00acEntitledTo(x, federalMinimumWage))\n\u2200x (WhiteCollarWorker(x) \u2192 EntitledTo(x, federalMinimumWage))\n\u2200x (Lawyer(x) \u2192 WhiteCollarWorker(x))\n\u2200x (Advocate(x) \u2192 Lawyer(x))\n\u00ac(Lawyer(mary) \u2295 TippedEmployee(mary))", "conclusion": "Mary is either an advocate or a tipped employee.", "conclusion-FOL": "Advocate(mary) \u2295 TippedEmployee(mary)", "label": "False", "example_id": 767} +{"story_id": 309, "premises": "Tipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (TippedEmployee(x) \u2192 \u00acEntitledTo(x, federalMinimumWage))\n\u2200x (WhiteCollarWorker(x) \u2192 EntitledTo(x, federalMinimumWage))\n\u2200x (Lawyer(x) \u2192 WhiteCollarWorker(x))\n\u2200x (Advocate(x) \u2192 Lawyer(x))\n\u00ac(Lawyer(mary) \u2295 TippedEmployee(mary))", "conclusion": "If Mary is not both an advocate and is entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees, she is not a tipped employee.", "conclusion-FOL": "(\u00ac(Advocate(mary) \u2227 EntitledTo(mary, federalMinimumWage))) \u2192 \u00acTippedEmployee(mary)", "label": "True", "example_id": 768} +{"story_id": 309, "premises": "Tipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (TippedEmployee(x) \u2192 \u00acEntitledTo(x, federalMinimumWage))\n\u2200x (WhiteCollarWorker(x) \u2192 EntitledTo(x, federalMinimumWage))\n\u2200x (Lawyer(x) \u2192 WhiteCollarWorker(x))\n\u2200x (Advocate(x) \u2192 Lawyer(x))\n\u00ac(Lawyer(mary) \u2295 TippedEmployee(mary))", "conclusion": "If Mary is either an advocate or a tipped employee, she is an advocate.", "conclusion-FOL": "(Advocate(mary) \u2295 TippedEmployee(mary)) \u2192 Advocate(mary)", "label": "True", "example_id": 769} +{"story_id": 76, "premises": "Asa Hoffmann was born in New York City.\nAsa Hoffman lives in Manhattan.\nAsa Hoffman is a chess player.\nSome chess players are grandmasters.\nPeople born and living in New York City are New Yorkers.\nPeople living in Manhattan live in New York City.", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(asaHoffmann, newYorkCity)\nLiveIn(asaHoffmann, manhattan)\nChessPlayer(asaHoffmann)\n\u2203x \u2203y (ChessPlayer(x) \u2227 GrandMaster(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 ChessPlayer(y) \u2227 GrandMaster(y))\n\u2200x ((BornIn(x, newYorkCity) \u2227 LiveIn(x, newYorkCity)) \u2192 NewYorker(x))\n\u2200x (LiveIn(x, manhattan) \u2192 LiveIn(x, newYorkCity))", "conclusion": "Asa Hoffmann is a New Yorker.", "conclusion-FOL": "NewYorker(asaHoffmann)", "label": "True", "example_id": 231} +{"story_id": 76, "premises": "Asa Hoffmann was born in New York City.\nAsa Hoffman lives in Manhattan.\nAsa Hoffman is a chess player.\nSome chess players are grandmasters.\nPeople born and living in New York City are New Yorkers.\nPeople living in Manhattan live in New York City.", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(asaHoffmann, newYorkCity)\nLiveIn(asaHoffmann, manhattan)\nChessPlayer(asaHoffmann)\n\u2203x \u2203y (ChessPlayer(x) \u2227 GrandMaster(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 ChessPlayer(y) \u2227 GrandMaster(y))\n\u2200x ((BornIn(x, newYorkCity) \u2227 LiveIn(x, newYorkCity)) \u2192 NewYorker(x))\n\u2200x (LiveIn(x, manhattan) \u2192 LiveIn(x, newYorkCity))", "conclusion": "Asa Hoffmann is a grandmaster.", "conclusion-FOL": "GrandMaster(asaHoffmann)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 232} +{"story_id": 76, "premises": "Asa Hoffmann was born in New York City.\nAsa Hoffman lives in Manhattan.\nAsa Hoffman is a chess player.\nSome chess players are grandmasters.\nPeople born and living in New York City are New Yorkers.\nPeople living in Manhattan live in New York City.", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(asaHoffmann, newYorkCity)\nLiveIn(asaHoffmann, manhattan)\nChessPlayer(asaHoffmann)\n\u2203x \u2203y (ChessPlayer(x) \u2227 GrandMaster(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 ChessPlayer(y) \u2227 GrandMaster(y))\n\u2200x ((BornIn(x, newYorkCity) \u2227 LiveIn(x, newYorkCity)) \u2192 NewYorker(x))\n\u2200x (LiveIn(x, manhattan) \u2192 LiveIn(x, newYorkCity))", "conclusion": "Asa Hoffmann does not live in New York.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acLiveIn(asaHoffmann, newYorkCity)", "label": "False", "example_id": 233} +{"story_id": 313, "premises": "Some of those who apply for a Schengen visa get it.\nTo apply for a Schengen Visa, you need to provide financial guarantees.\nIf you need to provide financial guarantees, you must request documents from the bank.\nDo not close your bank account if you request documents from the bank.\nPhilip closed his bank account.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Apply(x, schengenVisa) \u2192 Get(x, schengenVisa))\n\u2200x (Apply(x, schengenVisa) \u2192 Provide(x, financialGuarantees))\n\u2200x (Provide(x, financialGuarantees) \u2192 Request(x, documentsFromBank))\n\u2200x (Request(x, documentsFromBank) \u2192 \u00acClose(x, bankAccount))\nClose(philip, bankAccount)", "conclusion": "Philip got a Schengen visa.", "conclusion-FOL": "Get(philip, schengenVisa)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 779} +{"story_id": 313, "premises": "Some of those who apply for a Schengen visa get it.\nTo apply for a Schengen Visa, you need to provide financial guarantees.\nIf you need to provide financial guarantees, you must request documents from the bank.\nDo not close your bank account if you request documents from the bank.\nPhilip closed his bank account.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Apply(x, schengenVisa) \u2192 Get(x, schengenVisa))\n\u2200x (Apply(x, schengenVisa) \u2192 Provide(x, financialGuarantees))\n\u2200x (Provide(x, financialGuarantees) \u2192 Request(x, documentsFromBank))\n\u2200x (Request(x, documentsFromBank) \u2192 \u00acClose(x, bankAccount))\nClose(philip, bankAccount)", "conclusion": "Philip applied for a Schengen visa and got it.", "conclusion-FOL": "Apply(philip, schengenVisa) \u2227 Get(philip, schengenVisa)", "label": "False", "example_id": 780} +{"story_id": 313, "premises": "Some of those who apply for a Schengen visa get it.\nTo apply for a Schengen Visa, you need to provide financial guarantees.\nIf you need to provide financial guarantees, you must request documents from the bank.\nDo not close your bank account if you request documents from the bank.\nPhilip closed his bank account.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (Apply(x, schengenVisa) \u2192 Get(x, schengenVisa))\n\u2200x (Apply(x, schengenVisa) \u2192 Provide(x, financialGuarantees))\n\u2200x (Provide(x, financialGuarantees) \u2192 Request(x, documentsFromBank))\n\u2200x (Request(x, documentsFromBank) \u2192 \u00acClose(x, bankAccount))\nClose(philip, bankAccount)", "conclusion": "If Philip did not request documents from the bank or get a Schengen visa, he didn\u2019t apply for a Schengen visa.", "conclusion-FOL": "(\u00acRequest(philip, documentsFromBank) \u2227 \u00acGet(x, schengenVisa)) \u2192 Apply(x, schengenVisa)", "label": "True", "example_id": 781} +{"story_id": 296, "premises": "Some fears lead to anxiety.\nSome anxiety leads to terror.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Fear(x) \u2227 Anxiety(y) \u2227 LeadTo(x, y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Anxiety(x) \u2227 Terror(y) \u2227 LeadTo(x, y))", "conclusion": "No fears lead to terror.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (Fear(x) \u2192 \u00ac(Terror(y) \u2227 LeadTo(x, y)))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 740} +{"story_id": 208, "premises": "The Great Lakes are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario.\nSome major settlements of Lake Erie are in NY, PA, OH, and MI.\nNY, PA, OH, and MI are states in the US.\nON is a state of Canada.\nThere is a major settlement of Lake Huron in ON. \nAll states are in their country.\nThe US is in North America.\nThe Great Lakes began to form at the end of the Last Glacial Period.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (GreatLake(x) \u2192 Superior(x) \u2295 Michigan(x) \u2295 Huron(x) \u2295 Erie(x) \u2295 Ontario(x))\n\u2200x (Erie (x) \u2227 MajorSettlement(x) \u2192 In(x, nY) \u2228 In(x, pA) \u2228 In(x, oH) \u2228 In(x, mI))\nStateOf(nY, uS) \u2227 StateOf(pA, uS) \u2227 StateOf(oH, uS) \u2227 StateOf(mI, uS)\nStateOf(oN, canada)\n\u2203x (Huron(x) \u2227 MajorSettlement(x) \u2227 In(x, oN))\n\u2200x \u2200y (StateOf(x, y) \u2192 In(x, y))\nIn(us, northAmerica)\n\u2200x (GreatLake(x) \u2192 FormAtEndOf(x, lastGlacialPeriod))", "conclusion": "Lake Erie has a major settlement.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Erie(y) \u2227 MajorSettlementOf(x, y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 594} +{"story_id": 208, "premises": "The Great Lakes are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario.\nSome major settlements of Lake Erie are in NY, PA, OH, and MI.\nNY, PA, OH, and MI are states in the US.\nON is a state of Canada.\nThere is a major settlement of Lake Huron in ON. \nAll states are in their country.\nThe US is in North America.\nThe Great Lakes began to form at the end of the Last Glacial Period.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (GreatLake(x) \u2192 Superior(x) \u2295 Michigan(x) \u2295 Huron(x) \u2295 Erie(x) \u2295 Ontario(x))\n\u2200x (Erie (x) \u2227 MajorSettlement(x) \u2192 In(x, nY) \u2228 In(x, pA) \u2228 In(x, oH) \u2228 In(x, mI))\nStateOf(nY, uS) \u2227 StateOf(pA, uS) \u2227 StateOf(oH, uS) \u2227 StateOf(mI, uS)\nStateOf(oN, canada)\n\u2203x (Huron(x) \u2227 MajorSettlement(x) \u2227 In(x, oN))\n\u2200x \u2200y (StateOf(x, y) \u2192 In(x, y))\nIn(us, northAmerica)\n\u2200x (GreatLake(x) \u2192 FormAtEndOf(x, lastGlacialPeriod))", "conclusion": "There is a great lake that did not form at the end of the Last Glacial Period.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (GreatLake(x) \u2227 \u00acFormAtEndOf(x, lastGlacialPeriod))", "label": "False", "example_id": 595} +{"story_id": 325, "premises": "All professional soccer defenders are professional soccer players.\nNo professional soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll professional centerbacks are professional soccer defenders.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nStephen Curry is an NBA player.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Professional(x) \u2227 Defender(x)) \u2192 (Professional(x) \u2227 SoccerPlayer(x)))\n\u2200x ((Professional(x) \u2227 SoccerPlayer(x)) \u2192 \u00ac(Professional(x) \u2227 BasketballPlayer(x)))\n\u2200x ((Professional(x) \u2227 CenterBack(x)) \u2192 (Professional(x) \u2227 Defender(x))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 (Professional(x) \u2227 BasketballPlayer(x)))\nNBAPlayer(stephenCurry)", "conclusion": "Stephen Curry is a professional basketball player.", "conclusion-FOL": "Professional(stephenCurry) \u2227 BasketballPlayer(stephenCurry)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 831} +{"story_id": 325, "premises": "All professional soccer defenders are professional soccer players.\nNo professional soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll professional centerbacks are professional soccer defenders.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nStephen Curry is an NBA player.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Professional(x) \u2227 Defender(x)) \u2192 (Professional(x) \u2227 SoccerPlayer(x)))\n\u2200x ((Professional(x) \u2227 SoccerPlayer(x)) \u2192 \u00ac(Professional(x) \u2227 BasketballPlayer(x)))\n\u2200x ((Professional(x) \u2227 CenterBack(x)) \u2192 (Professional(x) \u2227 Defender(x))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 (Professional(x) \u2227 BasketballPlayer(x)))\nNBAPlayer(stephenCurry)", "conclusion": "Stephen Curry is a professional centerback.", "conclusion-FOL": "Professional(stephenCurry) \u2227 CenterBack(stephenCurry)", "label": "False", "example_id": 832} +{"story_id": 325, "premises": "All professional soccer defenders are professional soccer players.\nNo professional soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll professional centerbacks are professional soccer defenders.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nStephen Curry is an NBA player.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Professional(x) \u2227 Defender(x)) \u2192 (Professional(x) \u2227 SoccerPlayer(x)))\n\u2200x ((Professional(x) \u2227 SoccerPlayer(x)) \u2192 \u00ac(Professional(x) \u2227 BasketballPlayer(x)))\n\u2200x ((Professional(x) \u2227 CenterBack(x)) \u2192 (Professional(x) \u2227 Defender(x))\n\u2200x (NBAPlayer(x) \u2192 (Professional(x) \u2227 BasketballPlayer(x)))\nNBAPlayer(stephenCurry)", "conclusion": "Stephen Curry is not a centerback.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Professional(stephenCurry) \u2227 CenterBack(stephenCurry))", "label": "True", "example_id": 833} +{"story_id": 31, "premises": "Naive cynicism was proposed by Justin Kruger and a colleague.\nThomas Gilovich is a colleague of Justin Kruger. \nNaive cynicism is a philosophy of mind.", "premises-FOL": "Proposed(justinKruger, naiveCynicism) \u2227 \u2203y (colleagueOfJustinKruger(y) \u2227 Proposed(y, naiveCynicism))\nColleagues(thomasGilovich, justinKruger)\nPhilosophyOfMind(naiveCynicism)", "conclusion": "Thomas Gilovich proposed naive cynicism.", "conclusion-FOL": "Proposed(thomasGilovich, naiveCynicism)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 89} +{"story_id": 31, "premises": "Naive cynicism was proposed by Justin Kruger and a colleague.\nThomas Gilovich is a colleague of Justin Kruger. \nNaive cynicism is a philosophy of mind.", "premises-FOL": "Proposed(justinKruger, naiveCynicism) \u2227 \u2203y (colleagueOfJustinKruger(y) \u2227 Proposed(y, naiveCynicism))\nColleagues(thomasGilovich, justinKruger)\nPhilosophyOfMind(naiveCynicism)", "conclusion": "Justin Kruger proposed a philosophy of mind.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Proposed(justinKruger, x) \u2227 PhilosophyOfMind(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 90} +{"story_id": 31, "premises": "Naive cynicism was proposed by Justin Kruger and a colleague.\nThomas Gilovich is a colleague of Justin Kruger. \nNaive cynicism is a philosophy of mind.", "premises-FOL": "Proposed(justinKruger, naiveCynicism) \u2227 \u2203y (colleagueOfJustinKruger(y) \u2227 Proposed(y, naiveCynicism))\nColleagues(thomasGilovich, justinKruger)\nPhilosophyOfMind(naiveCynicism)", "conclusion": "Thomas Gilovich worked on philosophies of mind.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (WorkedOn(thomasGilovich, x) \u2227 PhilosophyOfMind(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 91} +{"story_id": 129, "premises": "The Turing Award has been awarded to Donald Knuth, Marvin Minsky, Richard Hamming, and John McCarthy. \nDonald Knuth made contributions to the analysis of algorithms.\nMarvin Minsky is recognized for his contributions to the field of artificial intelligence.\nRichard Hamming researched numerical methods.\nJohn McCarthy made contributions to the field of artificial intelligence. ", "premises-FOL": "AwardedTo(turingAward, donaldKnuth) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, marvinMinsky) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, richardHamming) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, johnMccarthy)\nContributedTo(donaldKnuth, analysisOfAlgorithms)\nContributedTo(marvinMinsky, artificialIntelligence)\nContributedTo(richardHamming, numericalMethods)\nContributedTo(johnMccarthy, artificialIntelligence)", "conclusion": "At least two people who have won the Turing Award worked in artificial intelligence.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, x) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, y) \u2227 ContributedTo(x, artificialIntelligence) \u2227 ContributedTo(y, artificialIntelligence))", "label": "True", "example_id": 382} +{"story_id": 129, "premises": "The Turing Award has been awarded to Donald Knuth, Marvin Minsky, Richard Hamming, and John McCarthy. \nDonald Knuth made contributions to the analysis of algorithms.\nMarvin Minsky is recognized for his contributions to the field of artificial intelligence.\nRichard Hamming researched numerical methods.\nJohn McCarthy made contributions to the field of artificial intelligence. ", "premises-FOL": "AwardedTo(turingAward, donaldKnuth) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, marvinMinsky) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, richardHamming) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, johnMccarthy)\nContributedTo(donaldKnuth, analysisOfAlgorithms)\nContributedTo(marvinMinsky, artificialIntelligence)\nContributedTo(richardHamming, numericalMethods)\nContributedTo(johnMccarthy, artificialIntelligence)", "conclusion": "At least two people who worked in artificial intelligence have won the Turing Award.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 ContributedTo(x, artificialIntelligence) \u2227 ContributedTo(x, artificialIntelligence) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, x) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 383} +{"story_id": 129, "premises": "The Turing Award has been awarded to Donald Knuth, Marvin Minsky, Richard Hamming, and John McCarthy. \nDonald Knuth made contributions to the analysis of algorithms.\nMarvin Minsky is recognized for his contributions to the field of artificial intelligence.\nRichard Hamming researched numerical methods.\nJohn McCarthy made contributions to the field of artificial intelligence. ", "premises-FOL": "AwardedTo(turingAward, donaldKnuth) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, marvinMinsky) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, richardHamming) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, johnMccarthy)\nContributedTo(donaldKnuth, analysisOfAlgorithms)\nContributedTo(marvinMinsky, artificialIntelligence)\nContributedTo(richardHamming, numericalMethods)\nContributedTo(johnMccarthy, artificialIntelligence)", "conclusion": "Only one person who won the Turing Award made significant contributions to the analysis of algorithms.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2200y ((AwardedTo(turingAward, x) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, y) \u2227 ContributedTo(y, algorithms) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y)) \u2192 \u00acContributedTo(y, algorithms))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 384} +{"story_id": 129, "premises": "The Turing Award has been awarded to Donald Knuth, Marvin Minsky, Richard Hamming, and John McCarthy. \nDonald Knuth made contributions to the analysis of algorithms.\nMarvin Minsky is recognized for his contributions to the field of artificial intelligence.\nRichard Hamming researched numerical methods.\nJohn McCarthy made contributions to the field of artificial intelligence. ", "premises-FOL": "AwardedTo(turingAward, donaldKnuth) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, marvinMinsky) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, richardHamming) \u2227 AwardedTo(turingAward, johnMccarthy)\nContributedTo(donaldKnuth, analysisOfAlgorithms)\nContributedTo(marvinMinsky, artificialIntelligence)\nContributedTo(richardHamming, numericalMethods)\nContributedTo(johnMccarthy, artificialIntelligence)", "conclusion": "No Turing Award winners worked in the field of numerical methods.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (AwardedTo(turingAward, x) \u2192 \u00acContributedTo(x, numericalMethods))", "label": "False", "example_id": 385} +{"story_id": 429, "premises": "None of the easy Leetcode problems have an AC rate lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems recommended to novices are easy. \nLeetcode problems either have an AC rate lower than 20 percent or are starred by more than 1 thousand users. \nAll hard Leetcode problems are starred by more than 1,000 users. \nNo Leetcode problems published after 2022 are starred by more than 1,000 users. \n'2Sum' is not both hard and also recommended to novices.\n'4Sum' is either starred by more than 1,000 users and published after 2022, or it is neither. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 Easy(x)) \u2192 \u00acHaveAnACRateLowerThan(x, percent20))\n\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 RecommendedTo(x, novices)) \u2192 Easy(x))\n\u2200x (LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2192 HaveAnACRateLowerThan(x, percent20) \u2295 StarredByMoreThan(x, num1000))\n\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 Hard(x)) \u2192 StarredByMoreThan(x, num1000))\n\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 PublishedAfter(x, yr2022)) \u2192 (\u00acStarredByMoreThan(x, num1000)))\n\u00ac(RecommendedTo(twosum, novices) \u2227 Hard(twosum)) \u2227 LeetcodeProblems(twosum)\n\u00ac(StarredByMoreThan(foursum, num1000) \u2295 PublishedAfter(foursum, yr2022)) \u2227 LeetcodeProblems(twosum)", "conclusion": "2Sum is an easy Leetcode problem.", "conclusion-FOL": "LeetcodeProblems(twosum) \u2227 Easy(twosum)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1219} +{"story_id": 429, "premises": "None of the easy Leetcode problems have an AC rate lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems recommended to novices are easy. \nLeetcode problems either have an AC rate lower than 20 percent or are starred by more than 1 thousand users. \nAll hard Leetcode problems are starred by more than 1,000 users. \nNo Leetcode problems published after 2022 are starred by more than 1,000 users. \n'2Sum' is not both hard and also recommended to novices.\n'4Sum' is either starred by more than 1,000 users and published after 2022, or it is neither. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 Easy(x)) \u2192 \u00acHaveAnACRateLowerThan(x, percent20))\n\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 RecommendedTo(x, novices)) \u2192 Easy(x))\n\u2200x (LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2192 HaveAnACRateLowerThan(x, percent20) \u2295 StarredByMoreThan(x, num1000))\n\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 Hard(x)) \u2192 StarredByMoreThan(x, num1000))\n\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 PublishedAfter(x, yr2022)) \u2192 (\u00acStarredByMoreThan(x, num1000)))\n\u00ac(RecommendedTo(twosum, novices) \u2227 Hard(twosum)) \u2227 LeetcodeProblems(twosum)\n\u00ac(StarredByMoreThan(foursum, num1000) \u2295 PublishedAfter(foursum, yr2022)) \u2227 LeetcodeProblems(twosum)", "conclusion": "2Sum is not an easy Leetcode problem.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(LeetcodeProblems(twosum) \u2227 Easy(twosum))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1220} +{"story_id": 429, "premises": "None of the easy Leetcode problems have an AC rate lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems recommended to novices are easy. \nLeetcode problems either have an AC rate lower than 20 percent or are starred by more than 1 thousand users. \nAll hard Leetcode problems are starred by more than 1,000 users. \nNo Leetcode problems published after 2022 are starred by more than 1,000 users. \n'2Sum' is not both hard and also recommended to novices.\n'4Sum' is either starred by more than 1,000 users and published after 2022, or it is neither. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 Easy(x)) \u2192 \u00acHaveAnACRateLowerThan(x, percent20))\n\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 RecommendedTo(x, novices)) \u2192 Easy(x))\n\u2200x (LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2192 HaveAnACRateLowerThan(x, percent20) \u2295 StarredByMoreThan(x, num1000))\n\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 Hard(x)) \u2192 StarredByMoreThan(x, num1000))\n\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 PublishedAfter(x, yr2022)) \u2192 (\u00acStarredByMoreThan(x, num1000)))\n\u00ac(RecommendedTo(twosum, novices) \u2227 Hard(twosum)) \u2227 LeetcodeProblems(twosum)\n\u00ac(StarredByMoreThan(foursum, num1000) \u2295 PublishedAfter(foursum, yr2022)) \u2227 LeetcodeProblems(twosum)", "conclusion": "4Sum is recommended to novices or is hard.", "conclusion-FOL": "RecommendedTo(foursum, novices) \u2228 Hard(foursum)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1221} +{"story_id": 429, "premises": "None of the easy Leetcode problems have an AC rate lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems recommended to novices are easy. \nLeetcode problems either have an AC rate lower than 20 percent or are starred by more than 1 thousand users. \nAll hard Leetcode problems are starred by more than 1,000 users. \nNo Leetcode problems published after 2022 are starred by more than 1,000 users. \n'2Sum' is not both hard and also recommended to novices.\n'4Sum' is either starred by more than 1,000 users and published after 2022, or it is neither. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 Easy(x)) \u2192 \u00acHaveAnACRateLowerThan(x, percent20))\n\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 RecommendedTo(x, novices)) \u2192 Easy(x))\n\u2200x (LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2192 HaveAnACRateLowerThan(x, percent20) \u2295 StarredByMoreThan(x, num1000))\n\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 Hard(x)) \u2192 StarredByMoreThan(x, num1000))\n\u2200x ((LeetcodeProblems(x) \u2227 PublishedAfter(x, yr2022)) \u2192 (\u00acStarredByMoreThan(x, num1000)))\n\u00ac(RecommendedTo(twosum, novices) \u2227 Hard(twosum)) \u2227 LeetcodeProblems(twosum)\n\u00ac(StarredByMoreThan(foursum, num1000) \u2295 PublishedAfter(foursum, yr2022)) \u2227 LeetcodeProblems(twosum)", "conclusion": "4Sum is neither recommended to the novice nor a Leetcode problem that's hard.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acRecommendedTo(foursum, novices) \u2227 \u00acHard(foursum)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1222} +{"story_id": 105, "premises": "Show Your Love is a song recorded by the South Korean boy band BtoB 4u.\nThe lead single of the extended play Inside is Show Your Love.\nShow Your Love contains a hopeful message.\nBtoB 4u member Hyunsik wrote Show Your Love.\nThere is a music video for Show Your Love.", "premises-FOL": "Song(showYourLove) \u2227 RecordedBy(showYourLove, bToB4u) \u2227 SouthKorean(bToB4u) \u2227 BoyBand(bToB4u)\nExtendedPlay(inside) \u2227 LeadSingleOf(showYourLove, inside)\nContains(showYourLove, hopefulMessage)\nMember(hyunsik, btob4u) \u2227 Wrote(hyunsik, showYourLove)\nHave(showYourLove, musicVideo)", "conclusion": "Show Your Love wasn't written by a member of a boy band.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (Wrote(x, showYourLove) \u2192 \u00ac(BoyBand(y) \u2227 MemberOf(x, y)))", "label": "False", "example_id": 318} +{"story_id": 105, "premises": "Show Your Love is a song recorded by the South Korean boy band BtoB 4u.\nThe lead single of the extended play Inside is Show Your Love.\nShow Your Love contains a hopeful message.\nBtoB 4u member Hyunsik wrote Show Your Love.\nThere is a music video for Show Your Love.", "premises-FOL": "Song(showYourLove) \u2227 RecordedBy(showYourLove, bToB4u) \u2227 SouthKorean(bToB4u) \u2227 BoyBand(bToB4u)\nExtendedPlay(inside) \u2227 LeadSingleOf(showYourLove, inside)\nContains(showYourLove, hopefulMessage)\nMember(hyunsik, btob4u) \u2227 Wrote(hyunsik, showYourLove)\nHave(showYourLove, musicVideo)", "conclusion": "A lead single of Inside contains a hopeful message.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (LeadSingleOf(x, inside) \u2227 Contains(x, hopefulMessage))", "label": "True", "example_id": 319} +{"story_id": 105, "premises": "Show Your Love is a song recorded by the South Korean boy band BtoB 4u.\nThe lead single of the extended play Inside is Show Your Love.\nShow Your Love contains a hopeful message.\nBtoB 4u member Hyunsik wrote Show Your Love.\nThere is a music video for Show Your Love.", "premises-FOL": "Song(showYourLove) \u2227 RecordedBy(showYourLove, bToB4u) \u2227 SouthKorean(bToB4u) \u2227 BoyBand(bToB4u)\nExtendedPlay(inside) \u2227 LeadSingleOf(showYourLove, inside)\nContains(showYourLove, hopefulMessage)\nMember(hyunsik, btob4u) \u2227 Wrote(hyunsik, showYourLove)\nHave(showYourLove, musicVideo)", "conclusion": "Hyunsik is Korean.", "conclusion-FOL": "Korean(hyunsik)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 320} +{"story_id": 290, "premises": "All tables are round.\nSome pieces of furniture are tables.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Table(x) \u2192 Round(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Furniture(x) \u2227 Furniture(y) \u2227 Table(x) \u2227 Table(y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "conclusion": "Some pieces of furniture are round.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Furniture(x) \u2227 Furniture(y) \u2227 Round(x) \u2227 Round(y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 734} +{"story_id": 267, "premises": "All juvenile delinquents have committed a crime.\nSome juvenile delinquents are products of broken homes.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (JuvenileDelinquent(x) \u2192 Commited(x, crime))\n\u2203x \u2203y (JuvenileDelinquent(x) \u2227 JuvenileDelinquent(y) \u2227 ProductOf(x, brokenHome) \u2227 ProductOf(y, brokenHome) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "conclusion": "Some people who have committed a crime are products of broken homes.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Commited(x, crime) \u2227 Commited(y, crime) \u2227 ProductOf(x, brokenHome) \u2227 ProductOf(y, brokenHome) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 711} +{"story_id": 398, "premises": "All mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MindReading(x) \u2227 (BrainReading(x) \u2295 BrainDecoding(x)))\n\u2200x ((MindReading(x) \u2227 BrainDecoding(x)) \u2192 ExtractingFrom(x, information, bOLDSignals))\n\u2200x ((MindReading(x) \u2227 ExtractingFrom(x, information, bOLDSignals)) \u2192 Uses(x, statisticalPatternAnalysis))\n\u2200x (NovelWriting(x) \u2192 \u00acUses(x, statisticalPatternAnalysis)) \nMindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) \u2227 (\u00acUses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2227 BrainReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)) \u2192 (\u00acUses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2227 (\u00acBrainDecoding(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)))\nMindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) ", "conclusion": "Multivoxel (pattern) analysis is a brain decoding.", "conclusion-FOL": "MindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) \u2227 BrainDecoding(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1084} +{"story_id": 398, "premises": "All mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MindReading(x) \u2227 (BrainReading(x) \u2295 BrainDecoding(x)))\n\u2200x ((MindReading(x) \u2227 BrainDecoding(x)) \u2192 ExtractingFrom(x, information, bOLDSignals))\n\u2200x ((MindReading(x) \u2227 ExtractingFrom(x, information, bOLDSignals)) \u2192 Uses(x, statisticalPatternAnalysis))\n\u2200x (NovelWriting(x) \u2192 \u00acUses(x, statisticalPatternAnalysis)) \nMindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) \u2227 (\u00acUses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2227 BrainReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)) \u2192 (\u00acUses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2227 (\u00acBrainDecoding(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)))\nMindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) ", "conclusion": "Multivoxel (pattern) analysis is the writing of a novel.", "conclusion-FOL": "MindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) \u2227 NovelWriting(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1085} +{"story_id": 398, "premises": "All mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MindReading(x) \u2227 (BrainReading(x) \u2295 BrainDecoding(x)))\n\u2200x ((MindReading(x) \u2227 BrainDecoding(x)) \u2192 ExtractingFrom(x, information, bOLDSignals))\n\u2200x ((MindReading(x) \u2227 ExtractingFrom(x, information, bOLDSignals)) \u2192 Uses(x, statisticalPatternAnalysis))\n\u2200x (NovelWriting(x) \u2192 \u00acUses(x, statisticalPatternAnalysis)) \nMindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) \u2227 (\u00acUses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2227 BrainReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)) \u2192 (\u00acUses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2227 (\u00acBrainDecoding(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)))\nMindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) ", "conclusion": "Multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and writing a novel.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Uses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2227 NovelWriting(multivoxelPatternAnalysis))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1086} +{"story_id": 398, "premises": "All mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MindReading(x) \u2227 (BrainReading(x) \u2295 BrainDecoding(x)))\n\u2200x ((MindReading(x) \u2227 BrainDecoding(x)) \u2192 ExtractingFrom(x, information, bOLDSignals))\n\u2200x ((MindReading(x) \u2227 ExtractingFrom(x, information, bOLDSignals)) \u2192 Uses(x, statisticalPatternAnalysis))\n\u2200x (NovelWriting(x) \u2192 \u00acUses(x, statisticalPatternAnalysis)) \nMindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) \u2227 (\u00acUses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2227 BrainReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)) \u2192 (\u00acUses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2227 (\u00acBrainDecoding(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)))\nMindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) ", "conclusion": "Multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis or writing a novel.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Uses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2228 NovelWriting(multivoxelPatternAnalysis))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1087} +{"story_id": 398, "premises": "All mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MindReading(x) \u2227 (BrainReading(x) \u2295 BrainDecoding(x)))\n\u2200x ((MindReading(x) \u2227 BrainDecoding(x)) \u2192 ExtractingFrom(x, information, bOLDSignals))\n\u2200x ((MindReading(x) \u2227 ExtractingFrom(x, information, bOLDSignals)) \u2192 Uses(x, statisticalPatternAnalysis))\n\u2200x (NovelWriting(x) \u2192 \u00acUses(x, statisticalPatternAnalysis)) \nMindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) \u2227 (\u00acUses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2227 BrainReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)) \u2192 (\u00acUses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2227 (\u00acBrainDecoding(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)))\nMindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) ", "conclusion": "Multivoxel (pattern) analysis is either without statistical pattern analysis or writing a novel.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acUses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2295 Writing(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, aNovel)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1088} +{"story_id": 398, "premises": "All mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (MindReading(x) \u2227 (BrainReading(x) \u2295 BrainDecoding(x)))\n\u2200x ((MindReading(x) \u2227 BrainDecoding(x)) \u2192 ExtractingFrom(x, information, bOLDSignals))\n\u2200x ((MindReading(x) \u2227 ExtractingFrom(x, information, bOLDSignals)) \u2192 Uses(x, statisticalPatternAnalysis))\n\u2200x (NovelWriting(x) \u2192 \u00acUses(x, statisticalPatternAnalysis)) \nMindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) \u2227 (\u00acUses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2227 BrainReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)) \u2192 (\u00acUses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2227 (\u00acBrainDecoding(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)))\nMindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) ", "conclusion": "If multivoxel (pattern) analysis is writing a novel, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is neither without statistical pattern analysis nor writing a novel.", "conclusion-FOL": "(MindReading(multivoxelPatternAnalysis) \u2227 NovelWriting(multivoxelPatternAnalysis)) \u2192 (Uses(multivoxelPatternAnalysis, statisticalPatternAnalysis) \u2228 \u00acNovelWriting(multivoxelPatternAnalysis))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1089} +{"story_id": 212, "premises": "If you have room for dessert, you have room for broccoli.\nEveryone at Luis's dinner party has room for dessert, including Luis.\nMauricia does not have room for broccoli.\nLuis's dinner party is the first ever dinner party that Allison has attended.\nGustave has room for both broccoli and asparagus.\nBroccoli and asparagus are both vegetables.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (RoomFor(x, dessert) \u2192 RoomFor(x, broccoli))\n\u2200x (AtLuisParty(x) \u2192 RoomFor(x, dessert))\n\u00acRoomFor(mauricia, broccoli)\nAtLuisParty(allison) \u2227 FirstDinnerPartyFor(luisparty, allison) \nRoomFor(gustave, broccoli) \u2227 RoomFor(gustave, asparagus)\nVegetable(broccoli) \u2227 Vegetable(asparagus)", "conclusion": "Allison has room for broccoli.", "conclusion-FOL": "RoomFor(allison, broccoli)", "label": "True", "example_id": 605} +{"story_id": 212, "premises": "If you have room for dessert, you have room for broccoli.\nEveryone at Luis's dinner party has room for dessert, including Luis.\nMauricia does not have room for broccoli.\nLuis's dinner party is the first ever dinner party that Allison has attended.\nGustave has room for both broccoli and asparagus.\nBroccoli and asparagus are both vegetables.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (RoomFor(x, dessert) \u2192 RoomFor(x, broccoli))\n\u2200x (AtLuisParty(x) \u2192 RoomFor(x, dessert))\n\u00acRoomFor(mauricia, broccoli)\nAtLuisParty(allison) \u2227 FirstDinnerPartyFor(luisparty, allison) \nRoomFor(gustave, broccoli) \u2227 RoomFor(gustave, asparagus)\nVegetable(broccoli) \u2227 Vegetable(asparagus)", "conclusion": "Mauricia is at Luis's dinner party.", "conclusion-FOL": "AtLuisParty(mauricia)", "label": "False", "example_id": 606} +{"story_id": 212, "premises": "If you have room for dessert, you have room for broccoli.\nEveryone at Luis's dinner party has room for dessert, including Luis.\nMauricia does not have room for broccoli.\nLuis's dinner party is the first ever dinner party that Allison has attended.\nGustave has room for both broccoli and asparagus.\nBroccoli and asparagus are both vegetables.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (RoomFor(x, dessert) \u2192 RoomFor(x, broccoli))\n\u2200x (AtLuisParty(x) \u2192 RoomFor(x, dessert))\n\u00acRoomFor(mauricia, broccoli)\nAtLuisParty(allison) \u2227 FirstDinnerPartyFor(luisparty, allison) \nRoomFor(gustave, broccoli) \u2227 RoomFor(gustave, asparagus)\nVegetable(broccoli) \u2227 Vegetable(asparagus)", "conclusion": "Gustav has room for dessert.", "conclusion-FOL": "RoomFor(gustave, dessert)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 607} +{"story_id": 43, "premises": "Imagine Dragons are an American pop-rock band.\nThe lead singer of Imagine Dragons is Dan.\nDan is also a songwriter.\nAll lead singers are singers.\nAll singers are musicians.\nDemons is one of the most popular singles of Imagine Dragons.\nSome singles of Imagine Dragons have been on Billboard Hot 100.", "premises-FOL": "American(imagineDragon) \u2227 RockBand(imagineDragon)\nLeadSinger(imagineDragon, dan)\nSongWriter(dan)\n\u2200x \u2200y (LeadSinger(x, y) \u2192 Singer(y))\n\u2200x (Singer(x) \u2192 Musician(x))\nPopularSingle(imagineDragon, demons)\n\u2203x \u2203y (PopularSingle(imagineDragon, x) \u2227 BillboardHot100(x)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 (PopularSingle(imagineDragon, y) \u2227 BillboardHot100(y))", "conclusion": "Some rock band has a lead singer who is also a songwriter.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (RockBand(x) \u2227 LeadSinger(x, y) \u2227 SongWriter(y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 123} +{"story_id": 43, "premises": "Imagine Dragons are an American pop-rock band.\nThe lead singer of Imagine Dragons is Dan.\nDan is also a songwriter.\nAll lead singers are singers.\nAll singers are musicians.\nDemons is one of the most popular singles of Imagine Dragons.\nSome singles of Imagine Dragons have been on Billboard Hot 100.", "premises-FOL": "American(imagineDragon) \u2227 RockBand(imagineDragon)\nLeadSinger(imagineDragon, dan)\nSongWriter(dan)\n\u2200x \u2200y (LeadSinger(x, y) \u2192 Singer(y))\n\u2200x (Singer(x) \u2192 Musician(x))\nPopularSingle(imagineDragon, demons)\n\u2203x \u2203y (PopularSingle(imagineDragon, x) \u2227 BillboardHot100(x)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 (PopularSingle(imagineDragon, y) \u2227 BillboardHot100(y))", "conclusion": "Dan is not a musician.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acMusician(dan)", "label": "False", "example_id": 124} +{"story_id": 43, "premises": "Imagine Dragons are an American pop-rock band.\nThe lead singer of Imagine Dragons is Dan.\nDan is also a songwriter.\nAll lead singers are singers.\nAll singers are musicians.\nDemons is one of the most popular singles of Imagine Dragons.\nSome singles of Imagine Dragons have been on Billboard Hot 100.", "premises-FOL": "American(imagineDragon) \u2227 RockBand(imagineDragon)\nLeadSinger(imagineDragon, dan)\nSongWriter(dan)\n\u2200x \u2200y (LeadSinger(x, y) \u2192 Singer(y))\n\u2200x (Singer(x) \u2192 Musician(x))\nPopularSingle(imagineDragon, demons)\n\u2203x \u2203y (PopularSingle(imagineDragon, x) \u2227 BillboardHot100(x)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 (PopularSingle(imagineDragon, y) \u2227 BillboardHot100(y))", "conclusion": "Demons has been on Billboard Hot 100.", "conclusion-FOL": "BillboardHot100(demons)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 125} +{"story_id": 455, "premises": "All philosophers reason. \nSome sophists reason. \nAll who can reason can distinguish truth from falsehood.\nNobody who can distinguish truth from falsehood is morally perfect. \nThe theistic God is morally perfect.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Philosopher(x) \u2192 Reason(x))\n\u2203x (Sophist(x) \u2227 Reason(x))\n\u2200x (Reason(x) \u2192 CanDistinguishFrom(x, truth, falsehood))\n\u2200x (CanDistinguishFrom(x, truth, falsehood) \u2192 \u00acMorallyPerfect(x))\nMorallyPerfect(theisticGod)", "conclusion": "The theistic God is a sophist.", "conclusion-FOL": "Sophist(theisticGod)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1310} +{"story_id": 455, "premises": "All philosophers reason. \nSome sophists reason. \nAll who can reason can distinguish truth from falsehood.\nNobody who can distinguish truth from falsehood is morally perfect. \nThe theistic God is morally perfect.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Philosopher(x) \u2192 Reason(x))\n\u2203x (Sophist(x) \u2227 Reason(x))\n\u2200x (Reason(x) \u2192 CanDistinguishFrom(x, truth, falsehood))\n\u2200x (CanDistinguishFrom(x, truth, falsehood) \u2192 \u00acMorallyPerfect(x))\nMorallyPerfect(theisticGod)", "conclusion": "The theistic God is a sophist and a philosopher.", "conclusion-FOL": "Sophist(theisticGod) \u2227 Philosopher(theisticGod)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1311} +{"story_id": 455, "premises": "All philosophers reason. \nSome sophists reason. \nAll who can reason can distinguish truth from falsehood.\nNobody who can distinguish truth from falsehood is morally perfect. \nThe theistic God is morally perfect.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Philosopher(x) \u2192 Reason(x))\n\u2203x (Sophist(x) \u2227 Reason(x))\n\u2200x (Reason(x) \u2192 CanDistinguishFrom(x, truth, falsehood))\n\u2200x (CanDistinguishFrom(x, truth, falsehood) \u2192 \u00acMorallyPerfect(x))\nMorallyPerfect(theisticGod)", "conclusion": "if the theistic God is a philosopher, then he is not a sophist.", "conclusion-FOL": "Philosopher(theisticGod) \u2192 \u00acSophist(theisticGod)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1312} +{"story_id": 160, "premises": "Common utilities include water, electricity, gas, heating, sewer, trash, and recycling.\nMany apartment rents cover the cost of water and electricity.\nSusan lives in an apartment where the rent covers all utilities.\nThe rent of the apartment where Ava lives does not cover any utility expenses.\nNoah lives in an apartment where the rent does not cover heating.", "premises-FOL": "CommonUtilities(water) \u2227 CommonUtilities(electricity) \u2227 CommonUtilities(gas) \u2227 CommonUtilities(heating)\n\u2203x (Apartment(x) \u2227 Cover(x, water) \u2227 Cover(x, electricity))\n\u2200x (Apartment(x) \u2227 LiveIn(susan, x) \u2227 Cover(x, water) \u2227 Cover(x, electricity) \u2227 Cover(x, gas) \u2227 Cover(x, heating))\n\u2200x (Apartment(x) \u2227 LiveIn(ava, x) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, water) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, electricity) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, gas) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, heating))\n\u2200x (Apartment(x) \u2227 LiveIn(noah, x) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, heating))", "conclusion": "Noah needs to pay the water bill.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Apartment(x) \u2227 LiveIn(noah, x) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, water))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 458} +{"story_id": 160, "premises": "Common utilities include water, electricity, gas, heating, sewer, trash, and recycling.\nMany apartment rents cover the cost of water and electricity.\nSusan lives in an apartment where the rent covers all utilities.\nThe rent of the apartment where Ava lives does not cover any utility expenses.\nNoah lives in an apartment where the rent does not cover heating.", "premises-FOL": "CommonUtilities(water) \u2227 CommonUtilities(electricity) \u2227 CommonUtilities(gas) \u2227 CommonUtilities(heating)\n\u2203x (Apartment(x) \u2227 Cover(x, water) \u2227 Cover(x, electricity))\n\u2200x (Apartment(x) \u2227 LiveIn(susan, x) \u2227 Cover(x, water) \u2227 Cover(x, electricity) \u2227 Cover(x, gas) \u2227 Cover(x, heating))\n\u2200x (Apartment(x) \u2227 LiveIn(ava, x) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, water) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, electricity) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, gas) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, heating))\n\u2200x (Apartment(x) \u2227 LiveIn(noah, x) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, heating))", "conclusion": "Noah and Ava both need to pay the heating bill.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acCover(noah, heating) \u2227 \u00acCover(ava, heating)", "label": "True", "example_id": 459} +{"story_id": 160, "premises": "Common utilities include water, electricity, gas, heating, sewer, trash, and recycling.\nMany apartment rents cover the cost of water and electricity.\nSusan lives in an apartment where the rent covers all utilities.\nThe rent of the apartment where Ava lives does not cover any utility expenses.\nNoah lives in an apartment where the rent does not cover heating.", "premises-FOL": "CommonUtilities(water) \u2227 CommonUtilities(electricity) \u2227 CommonUtilities(gas) \u2227 CommonUtilities(heating)\n\u2203x (Apartment(x) \u2227 Cover(x, water) \u2227 Cover(x, electricity))\n\u2200x (Apartment(x) \u2227 LiveIn(susan, x) \u2227 Cover(x, water) \u2227 Cover(x, electricity) \u2227 Cover(x, gas) \u2227 Cover(x, heating))\n\u2200x (Apartment(x) \u2227 LiveIn(ava, x) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, water) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, electricity) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, gas) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, heating))\n\u2200x (Apartment(x) \u2227 LiveIn(noah, x) \u2227 \u00acCover(x, heating))", "conclusion": "Susan does not need to pay the water bill.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Apartment(x) \u2227 LiveIn(susan, x) \u2227 Cover(x, water))", "label": "True", "example_id": 460} +{"story_id": 317, "premises": "All clothes are products. \nNo products are perfect. \nAll dresses are clothes.\nAll skirts are dresses. \nIf the fabric bundle is a piece of clothing, then the fabric bundle is a perfect dress.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Clothes(x) \u2192 Product(x))\n\u2200x (Product(x) \u2192 \u00acPerfect(x))\n\u2200x (Dress(x) \u2192 Clothes(x))\n\u2200x (Skirt(x) \u2192 Dress(x))\nClothes(fabricBundle) \u2192 Perfect(fabricBundle) \u2227 Dress(fabricBundle)", "conclusion": "The fabric bundle is perfect.", "conclusion-FOL": "Perfect(fabricbundle)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 799} +{"story_id": 317, "premises": "All clothes are products. \nNo products are perfect. \nAll dresses are clothes.\nAll skirts are dresses. \nIf the fabric bundle is a piece of clothing, then the fabric bundle is a perfect dress.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Clothes(x) \u2192 Product(x))\n\u2200x (Product(x) \u2192 \u00acPerfect(x))\n\u2200x (Dress(x) \u2192 Clothes(x))\n\u2200x (Skirt(x) \u2192 Dress(x))\nClothes(fabricBundle) \u2192 Perfect(fabricBundle) \u2227 Dress(fabricBundle)", "conclusion": "The fabric bundle is a skirt.", "conclusion-FOL": "Skirt(fabricbundle)", "label": "False", "example_id": 800} +{"story_id": 317, "premises": "All clothes are products. \nNo products are perfect. \nAll dresses are clothes.\nAll skirts are dresses. \nIf the fabric bundle is a piece of clothing, then the fabric bundle is a perfect dress.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Clothes(x) \u2192 Product(x))\n\u2200x (Product(x) \u2192 \u00acPerfect(x))\n\u2200x (Dress(x) \u2192 Clothes(x))\n\u2200x (Skirt(x) \u2192 Dress(x))\nClothes(fabricBundle) \u2192 Perfect(fabricBundle) \u2227 Dress(fabricBundle)", "conclusion": "The fabric bundle is not a skirt.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acSkirt(fabricbundle)", "label": "True", "example_id": 801} +{"story_id": 57, "premises": "All pets are animals.\nPets can be either a dog or a cat.\nIf a person has a pet, they care for that pet. \nDogs and cats can be naughty. \nPets who are naughty are not liked as much. \nCharlie has a naughty pet dog named Leo. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Pet(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Pet(x) \u2192 (Dog(x) \u2295 Cat(x)))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Pet(y) \u2227 OwnedBy(x,y)) \u2192 Cares(x, y))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Cat(x) \u2227 Naughty(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Dog(y) \u2227 Naughty(y))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Pet(x) \u2227 Naughty(x) \u2227 OwnedBy(x,y)) \u2192 \u00acLiked(x, y))\nOwnedBy(leo, charlie) \u2227 Pet(leo) \u2227 Dog(leo) \u2227 Naughty(leo)", "conclusion": "Leo is an animal.", "conclusion-FOL": "Animal(leo)", "label": "True", "example_id": 168} +{"story_id": 57, "premises": "All pets are animals.\nPets can be either a dog or a cat.\nIf a person has a pet, they care for that pet. \nDogs and cats can be naughty. \nPets who are naughty are not liked as much. \nCharlie has a naughty pet dog named Leo. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Pet(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Pet(x) \u2192 (Dog(x) \u2295 Cat(x)))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Pet(y) \u2227 OwnedBy(x,y)) \u2192 Cares(x, y))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Cat(x) \u2227 Naughty(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Dog(y) \u2227 Naughty(y))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Pet(x) \u2227 Naughty(x) \u2227 OwnedBy(x,y)) \u2192 \u00acLiked(x, y))\nOwnedBy(leo, charlie) \u2227 Pet(leo) \u2227 Dog(leo) \u2227 Naughty(leo)", "conclusion": "Charlie does not like Leo and does not care for Leo.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acLiked(leo, charlie) \u2227 \u00acCares(charlie, leo)", "label": "False", "example_id": 169} +{"story_id": 57, "premises": "All pets are animals.\nPets can be either a dog or a cat.\nIf a person has a pet, they care for that pet. \nDogs and cats can be naughty. \nPets who are naughty are not liked as much. \nCharlie has a naughty pet dog named Leo. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Pet(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Pet(x) \u2192 (Dog(x) \u2295 Cat(x)))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Pet(y) \u2227 OwnedBy(x,y)) \u2192 Cares(x, y))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Cat(x) \u2227 Naughty(x) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Dog(y) \u2227 Naughty(y))\n\u2200x \u2200y ((Pet(x) \u2227 Naughty(x) \u2227 OwnedBy(x,y)) \u2192 \u00acLiked(x, y))\nOwnedBy(leo, charlie) \u2227 Pet(leo) \u2227 Dog(leo) \u2227 Naughty(leo)", "conclusion": "Dogs are not always naughty.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Dog(x) \u2192 \u00acNaughty(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 170} +{"story_id": 279, "premises": "Surprises are either fun or dreadful.\nAll scares are surprises.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Surprise(x) \u2192 (Fun(x) \u2295 Dreadful(x)))\n\u2200x (Scare(x) \u2192 Surprise(x))", "conclusion": "All scares are fun.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Scare(x) \u2192 Fun(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 723} +{"story_id": 23, "premises": "All books written by Cixin Liu have sold more than 1 million copies. \nSome books that have won the Hugo Award were written by Cixin Liu.\nAll books about the future are forward-looking.\nThe book Three-Body Problem has sold more than 1 million copies.\nThe Three-Body Problem is about the future.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Book(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, cixinLiu)) \u2192 \u2203y(MoreThan(y, oneMillion) \u2227 Sold(x,y)))\n\u2203x (Won(x, hugoAward) \u2227 Book(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, cixinLiu))\n\u2200x ((Book(x) \u2227 AboutFuture(x)) \u2192 FowardLooking(x))\nBook(threeBodyProblem) \u2227 \u2203y(MoreThan(y, oneMillion) \u2227 Sold(threeBodyProblem,y))\nAboutFuture(threeBodyProblem)", "conclusion": "The Three-Body Problem won the Hugo Award.", "conclusion-FOL": "Won(threeBodyProblem, hugoAward)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 66} +{"story_id": 23, "premises": "All books written by Cixin Liu have sold more than 1 million copies. \nSome books that have won the Hugo Award were written by Cixin Liu.\nAll books about the future are forward-looking.\nThe book Three-Body Problem has sold more than 1 million copies.\nThe Three-Body Problem is about the future.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Book(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, cixinLiu)) \u2192 \u2203y(MoreThan(y, oneMillion) \u2227 Sold(x,y)))\n\u2203x (Won(x, hugoAward) \u2227 Book(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, cixinLiu))\n\u2200x ((Book(x) \u2227 AboutFuture(x)) \u2192 FowardLooking(x))\nBook(threeBodyProblem) \u2227 \u2203y(MoreThan(y, oneMillion) \u2227 Sold(threeBodyProblem,y))\nAboutFuture(threeBodyProblem)", "conclusion": "The Three-Body Problem is forward-looking.", "conclusion-FOL": "AboutFuture(threeBodyProblem)", "label": "True", "example_id": 67} +{"story_id": 23, "premises": "All books written by Cixin Liu have sold more than 1 million copies. \nSome books that have won the Hugo Award were written by Cixin Liu.\nAll books about the future are forward-looking.\nThe book Three-Body Problem has sold more than 1 million copies.\nThe Three-Body Problem is about the future.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((Book(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, cixinLiu)) \u2192 \u2203y(MoreThan(y, oneMillion) \u2227 Sold(x,y)))\n\u2203x (Won(x, hugoAward) \u2227 Book(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, cixinLiu))\n\u2200x ((Book(x) \u2227 AboutFuture(x)) \u2192 FowardLooking(x))\nBook(threeBodyProblem) \u2227 \u2203y(MoreThan(y, oneMillion) \u2227 Sold(threeBodyProblem,y))\nAboutFuture(threeBodyProblem)", "conclusion": "The Three-Body Problem was written by Cixin Liu.", "conclusion-FOL": "WrittenBy(threeBodyProblem, cixinLiu)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 68} +{"story_id": 420, "premises": "Some people are both late-night and early-morning people.\nIf a person is an earl- morning person, they have early-morning habits.\nEveryone who has early-morning habits gets up early.\nEveryone who gets up early catches the sunrise.\nJames doesn't catch the sunrise.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (LateNightPerson(x) \u2227 EarlyMorningPerson(x))\n\u2200x (EarlyMorningPerson(x) \u2192 Have(x, earlyMorningHabit))\n\u2200x (Have(x, earlyMorningHabit) \u2192 GetUpEarly(x))\n\u2200x (GetUpEarly(x) \u2192 CatchTheSunrise(x))\n\u00acCatchTheSunrise(james)", "conclusion": "James is a late night person.", "conclusion-FOL": "LateNightPerson(james)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1184} +{"story_id": 420, "premises": "Some people are both late-night and early-morning people.\nIf a person is an earl- morning person, they have early-morning habits.\nEveryone who has early-morning habits gets up early.\nEveryone who gets up early catches the sunrise.\nJames doesn't catch the sunrise.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (LateNightPerson(x) \u2227 EarlyMorningPerson(x))\n\u2200x (EarlyMorningPerson(x) \u2192 Have(x, earlyMorningHabit))\n\u2200x (Have(x, earlyMorningHabit) \u2192 GetUpEarly(x))\n\u2200x (GetUpEarly(x) \u2192 CatchTheSunrise(x))\n\u00acCatchTheSunrise(james)", "conclusion": "James is a late night person and an early-morning person.", "conclusion-FOL": "LateNightPerson(james) \u2227 EarlyMorningPerson(james)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1185} +{"story_id": 420, "premises": "Some people are both late-night and early-morning people.\nIf a person is an earl- morning person, they have early-morning habits.\nEveryone who has early-morning habits gets up early.\nEveryone who gets up early catches the sunrise.\nJames doesn't catch the sunrise.", "premises-FOL": "\u2203x (LateNightPerson(x) \u2227 EarlyMorningPerson(x))\n\u2200x (EarlyMorningPerson(x) \u2192 Have(x, earlyMorningHabit))\n\u2200x (Have(x, earlyMorningHabit) \u2192 GetUpEarly(x))\n\u2200x (GetUpEarly(x) \u2192 CatchTheSunrise(x))\n\u00acCatchTheSunrise(james)", "conclusion": "If James is an early-morning person, then he is a late night person.", "conclusion-FOL": "EarlyMorningPerson(james) \u2192 LateNightPerson(james)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1186} +{"story_id": 272, "premises": "There is no dog on the roof.\nIf there is a dog on the roof, something went wrong.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Dog(x) \u2192 \u00acOnRoof(x)))\n\u2200x \u2203y ((Dog(x) \u2227 OnRoof(x)) \u2192 GoWrong(y))", "conclusion": "Something went wrong.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (GoWrong(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 716} +{"story_id": 15, "premises": "Elephantopus is a genus of perennial plants in the daisy family.\nElephantopus is widespread over much of Africa, southern Asia, Australia, and the Americas.\nSeveral species of Elephantopus are native to the southeastern United States.\nElephantopus scaber is a traditional medicine.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Elephantopus(x) \u2192 (Genus(x, perennialplants) \u2227 BelongTo(x, daisyfamily)))\n\u2203x \u2203y \u2203z(Elephantopus(x) \u2227 In(x,africa) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Elephantopus(y) \u2227 In(y, southernasia) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=z)) \u2227 (\u00ac(y=z)) \u2227 Elephantopus(z) \u2227 In(z, australia))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Elephantopus(x) \u2227 NativeTo(x, southeasternunitedstates) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Elephantopus(y) \u2227 NativeTo(y, southeasternunitedstates))\n\u2200x (ElephantopusScaber(x) \u2192 TraditionalMedicine(x))", "conclusion": "Elephantopus is found in Australia and Southern Asia.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x\u2203y(Elephantopus(x) \u2227 In(x,africa) \u2227 Elephantopus(y) \u2227 In(y,africa))", "label": "True", "example_id": 41} +{"story_id": 15, "premises": "Elephantopus is a genus of perennial plants in the daisy family.\nElephantopus is widespread over much of Africa, southern Asia, Australia, and the Americas.\nSeveral species of Elephantopus are native to the southeastern United States.\nElephantopus scaber is a traditional medicine.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Elephantopus(x) \u2192 (Genus(x, perennialplants) \u2227 BelongTo(x, daisyfamily)))\n\u2203x \u2203y \u2203z(Elephantopus(x) \u2227 In(x,africa) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Elephantopus(y) \u2227 In(y, southernasia) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=z)) \u2227 (\u00ac(y=z)) \u2227 Elephantopus(z) \u2227 In(z, australia))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Elephantopus(x) \u2227 NativeTo(x, southeasternunitedstates) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Elephantopus(y) \u2227 NativeTo(y, southeasternunitedstates))\n\u2200x (ElephantopusScaber(x) \u2192 TraditionalMedicine(x))", "conclusion": "No Elephantopus is native to the southeastern United States.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Elephantopus(x) \u2192 \u00acNativeTo(x, southeasternunitedstates))", "label": "False", "example_id": 42} +{"story_id": 15, "premises": "Elephantopus is a genus of perennial plants in the daisy family.\nElephantopus is widespread over much of Africa, southern Asia, Australia, and the Americas.\nSeveral species of Elephantopus are native to the southeastern United States.\nElephantopus scaber is a traditional medicine.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Elephantopus(x) \u2192 (Genus(x, perennialplants) \u2227 BelongTo(x, daisyfamily)))\n\u2203x \u2203y \u2203z(Elephantopus(x) \u2227 In(x,africa) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Elephantopus(y) \u2227 In(y, southernasia) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=z)) \u2227 (\u00ac(y=z)) \u2227 Elephantopus(z) \u2227 In(z, australia))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Elephantopus(x) \u2227 NativeTo(x, southeasternunitedstates) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y)) \u2227 Elephantopus(y) \u2227 NativeTo(y, southeasternunitedstates))\n\u2200x (ElephantopusScaber(x) \u2192 TraditionalMedicine(x))", "conclusion": "Elephantopus is a traditional medicine.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Elephantopus(x) \u2192 TraditionalMedicine(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 43} +{"story_id": 432, "premises": "All Yale dormitories are located on the Yale campus. \nAll Yale buildings managed by Yale Housing are dormitories. \nAll Yale buildings operated by Yale Housing staff are managed by Yale Housing. \nNone of the Yale buildings open to students were built before 1701. \nAll Yale buildings located on the Yale campus are open to students. \nHarkness is either a Yale building operated by Yale Housing staff, or it is located on York Street. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (YaleDormitory(x) \u2192 LocatedOn(x, yaleCampus))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 ManagedBy(x, yaleHousing)) \u2192 YaleDormitory(x))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 OperatedBy(x, yaleHousingStaff)) \u2192 ManagedBy(x, yaleHousing))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 OpenToStudents(x)) \u2192 (\u00ac\u2203y(Before(y, yr1701) \u2227 Established(x, y))))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 LocatedOn(x, yaleCampus)) \u2192 OpenToStudents(x))\nYaleBuildings(harkness) \u2227 (OperatedBy(x, harkness) \u2295 LocatedOn(harkness, yaleCampus))", "conclusion": "Harkness is a Yale dormitory.", "conclusion-FOL": "YaleDormitory(harkness)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1231} +{"story_id": 432, "premises": "All Yale dormitories are located on the Yale campus. \nAll Yale buildings managed by Yale Housing are dormitories. \nAll Yale buildings operated by Yale Housing staff are managed by Yale Housing. \nNone of the Yale buildings open to students were built before 1701. \nAll Yale buildings located on the Yale campus are open to students. \nHarkness is either a Yale building operated by Yale Housing staff, or it is located on York Street. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (YaleDormitory(x) \u2192 LocatedOn(x, yaleCampus))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 ManagedBy(x, yaleHousing)) \u2192 YaleDormitory(x))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 OperatedBy(x, yaleHousingStaff)) \u2192 ManagedBy(x, yaleHousing))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 OpenToStudents(x)) \u2192 (\u00ac\u2203y(Before(y, yr1701) \u2227 Established(x, y))))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 LocatedOn(x, yaleCampus)) \u2192 OpenToStudents(x))\nYaleBuildings(harkness) \u2227 (OperatedBy(x, harkness) \u2295 LocatedOn(harkness, yaleCampus))", "conclusion": "Harkness is not a Yale dormitory.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acYaleDormitory(harkness)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1232} +{"story_id": 432, "premises": "All Yale dormitories are located on the Yale campus. \nAll Yale buildings managed by Yale Housing are dormitories. \nAll Yale buildings operated by Yale Housing staff are managed by Yale Housing. \nNone of the Yale buildings open to students were built before 1701. \nAll Yale buildings located on the Yale campus are open to students. \nHarkness is either a Yale building operated by Yale Housing staff, or it is located on York Street. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (YaleDormitory(x) \u2192 LocatedOn(x, yaleCampus))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 ManagedBy(x, yaleHousing)) \u2192 YaleDormitory(x))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 OperatedBy(x, yaleHousingStaff)) \u2192 ManagedBy(x, yaleHousing))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 OpenToStudents(x)) \u2192 (\u00ac\u2203y(Before(y, yr1701) \u2227 Established(x, y))))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 LocatedOn(x, yaleCampus)) \u2192 OpenToStudents(x))\nYaleBuildings(harkness) \u2227 (OperatedBy(x, harkness) \u2295 LocatedOn(harkness, yaleCampus))", "conclusion": "Harkness is established before 1701.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203y(Before(y, year1701) \u2227 Established(x, y))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1233} +{"story_id": 432, "premises": "All Yale dormitories are located on the Yale campus. \nAll Yale buildings managed by Yale Housing are dormitories. \nAll Yale buildings operated by Yale Housing staff are managed by Yale Housing. \nNone of the Yale buildings open to students were built before 1701. \nAll Yale buildings located on the Yale campus are open to students. \nHarkness is either a Yale building operated by Yale Housing staff, or it is located on York Street. ", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (YaleDormitory(x) \u2192 LocatedOn(x, yaleCampus))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 ManagedBy(x, yaleHousing)) \u2192 YaleDormitory(x))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 OperatedBy(x, yaleHousingStaff)) \u2192 ManagedBy(x, yaleHousing))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 OpenToStudents(x)) \u2192 (\u00ac\u2203y(Before(y, yr1701) \u2227 Established(x, y))))\n\u2200x ((YaleBuildings(x) \u2227 LocatedOn(x, yaleCampus)) \u2192 OpenToStudents(x))\nYaleBuildings(harkness) \u2227 (OperatedBy(x, harkness) \u2295 LocatedOn(harkness, yaleCampus))", "conclusion": "Harkness is not established before 1701.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac\u2203y(Before(y, year1701) \u2227 Established(x, y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1234} +{"story_id": 316, "premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InUrbanArea(x) \u2192 \u00acMansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (Skyscraper(x) \u2192 InUrbanArea(x))\n\u2200x (CreepyHauntedHouse(x) \u2192 MansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (TerrifyingBuilding(x) \u2227 OnHalloween(x) \u2192 CreepyHauntedHouse(x))\nCreepyHauntedHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2228 TerrifyingBuilding(laLaurieHouse) \u2227 OnHalloween(laLaurieHouse)", "conclusion": "The LaLaurie House is a skyscraper.", "conclusion-FOL": "Skyscraper(laLaurieHouse)", "label": "False", "example_id": 789} +{"story_id": 316, "premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InUrbanArea(x) \u2192 \u00acMansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (Skyscraper(x) \u2192 InUrbanArea(x))\n\u2200x (CreepyHauntedHouse(x) \u2192 MansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (TerrifyingBuilding(x) \u2227 OnHalloween(x) \u2192 CreepyHauntedHouse(x))\nCreepyHauntedHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2228 TerrifyingBuilding(laLaurieHouse) \u2227 OnHalloween(laLaurieHouse)", "conclusion": "The LaLaurie House is not a skyscraper.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acSkyscraper(laLaurieHouse)", "label": "True", "example_id": 790} +{"story_id": 316, "premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InUrbanArea(x) \u2192 \u00acMansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (Skyscraper(x) \u2192 InUrbanArea(x))\n\u2200x (CreepyHauntedHouse(x) \u2192 MansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (TerrifyingBuilding(x) \u2227 OnHalloween(x) \u2192 CreepyHauntedHouse(x))\nCreepyHauntedHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2228 TerrifyingBuilding(laLaurieHouse) \u2227 OnHalloween(laLaurieHouse)", "conclusion": "The LaLaurie House is a terrifying building on Halloween.", "conclusion-FOL": "TerrifyingBuilding(laLaurieHouse) \u2227 OnHalloween(laLaurieHouse)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 791} +{"story_id": 316, "premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InUrbanArea(x) \u2192 \u00acMansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (Skyscraper(x) \u2192 InUrbanArea(x))\n\u2200x (CreepyHauntedHouse(x) \u2192 MansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (TerrifyingBuilding(x) \u2227 OnHalloween(x) \u2192 CreepyHauntedHouse(x))\nCreepyHauntedHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2228 TerrifyingBuilding(laLaurieHouse) \u2227 OnHalloween(laLaurieHouse)", "conclusion": "The LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a mansion house.", "conclusion-FOL": "Skyscraper(laLaurieHouse) \u2295 MansionHouse(laLaurieHouse)", "label": "True", "example_id": 792} +{"story_id": 316, "premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InUrbanArea(x) \u2192 \u00acMansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (Skyscraper(x) \u2192 InUrbanArea(x))\n\u2200x (CreepyHauntedHouse(x) \u2192 MansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (TerrifyingBuilding(x) \u2227 OnHalloween(x) \u2192 CreepyHauntedHouse(x))\nCreepyHauntedHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2228 TerrifyingBuilding(laLaurieHouse) \u2227 OnHalloween(laLaurieHouse)", "conclusion": "The LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or in an urban area.", "conclusion-FOL": "Skyscraper(laLaurieHouse) \u2295 UrbanArea(laLaurieHouse)", "label": "False", "example_id": 793} +{"story_id": 316, "premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InUrbanArea(x) \u2192 \u00acMansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (Skyscraper(x) \u2192 InUrbanArea(x))\n\u2200x (CreepyHauntedHouse(x) \u2192 MansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (TerrifyingBuilding(x) \u2227 OnHalloween(x) \u2192 CreepyHauntedHouse(x))\nCreepyHauntedHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2228 TerrifyingBuilding(laLaurieHouse) \u2227 OnHalloween(laLaurieHouse)", "conclusion": "The LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a creepy haunted house.", "conclusion-FOL": "Skyscraper(laLaurieHouse) \u2295 CreepyHauntedHouse(laLaurieHouse)", "label": "True", "example_id": 794} +{"story_id": 316, "premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InUrbanArea(x) \u2192 \u00acMansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (Skyscraper(x) \u2192 InUrbanArea(x))\n\u2200x (CreepyHauntedHouse(x) \u2192 MansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (TerrifyingBuilding(x) \u2227 OnHalloween(x) \u2192 CreepyHauntedHouse(x))\nCreepyHauntedHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2228 TerrifyingBuilding(laLaurieHouse) \u2227 OnHalloween(laLaurieHouse)", "conclusion": "If the LaLaurie House is not a mansion or not in an urban area, then it is either a skyscraper or in an urban area.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(MansionHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2227 InUrbanArea(laLaurieHouse)) \u2192 (Skyscraper(laLaurieHouse) \u2295 InUrbanArea(laLaurieHouse))", "label": "False", "example_id": 795} +{"story_id": 316, "premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InUrbanArea(x) \u2192 \u00acMansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (Skyscraper(x) \u2192 InUrbanArea(x))\n\u2200x (CreepyHauntedHouse(x) \u2192 MansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (TerrifyingBuilding(x) \u2227 OnHalloween(x) \u2192 CreepyHauntedHouse(x))\nCreepyHauntedHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2228 TerrifyingBuilding(laLaurieHouse) \u2227 OnHalloween(laLaurieHouse)", "conclusion": "If the LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a mansion house, then it is in an urban area.", "conclusion-FOL": "Skyscraper(laLaurieHouse) \u2295 MansionHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2192 InUrbanArea(laLaurieHouse)", "label": "False", "example_id": 796} +{"story_id": 316, "premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InUrbanArea(x) \u2192 \u00acMansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (Skyscraper(x) \u2192 InUrbanArea(x))\n\u2200x (CreepyHauntedHouse(x) \u2192 MansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (TerrifyingBuilding(x) \u2227 OnHalloween(x) \u2192 CreepyHauntedHouse(x))\nCreepyHauntedHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2228 TerrifyingBuilding(laLaurieHouse) \u2227 OnHalloween(laLaurieHouse)", "conclusion": "If the LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a mansion house, then it is neither a creepy haunted house nor a terrifying building on Halloween.", "conclusion-FOL": "Skyscraper(laLaurieHouse) \u2295 MansionHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2192 \u00ac(CreepyHauntedHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2228 TerrifyingBuilding(laLaurieHouse) \u2227 OnHalloween(laLaurieHouse))", "label": "False", "example_id": 797} +{"story_id": 316, "premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (InUrbanArea(x) \u2192 \u00acMansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (Skyscraper(x) \u2192 InUrbanArea(x))\n\u2200x (CreepyHauntedHouse(x) \u2192 MansionHouse(x))\n\u2200x (TerrifyingBuilding(x) \u2227 OnHalloween(x) \u2192 CreepyHauntedHouse(x))\nCreepyHauntedHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2228 TerrifyingBuilding(laLaurieHouse) \u2227 OnHalloween(laLaurieHouse)", "conclusion": "If the LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a creepy haunted house, then it is not a mansion house.", "conclusion-FOL": "Skyscraper(laLaurieHouse) \u2295 CreepyHauntedHouse(laLaurieHouse) \u2192 \u00acMansionHouse(laLaurieHouse)", "label": "False", "example_id": 798} +{"story_id": 109, "premises": "Phuoc Binh national park is a national park in Vietnam. \nAny national park in Vietnam is classified as a nature reserve. \nThere is a national park in Vietnam classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nAll national parks in Vietnam are either managed by the Ministry of Agriculture or managed by the People's Committee. \nPhuoc Binh is not managed by the Ministry of Agriculture.", "premises-FOL": "NationalPark(phuocBinh) \u2227 Locatedin(phuocBinh, vietnam)\n\u2200x ((NationalPark(x) \u2227 Locatedin(x, vietnam)) \u2192 NatureReserve(x))\n\u2203x (NationalPark(x) \u2227 Locatedin(x, vietnam) \u2227 UNESCOWorldHeritageSite(x))\n\u2200x ((NationalPark(x) \u2227 Locatedin(x, vietnam)) \u2192 (Mangedby(x, ministryofAgriculture) \u2295 Managedby(x, peoplesCommittee)))\n\u00acMangedby(phuocBinh, ministryofAgriculture)", "conclusion": "There is a nature reserve in Vietnam.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (NatureReserve(x) \u2227 LocatedIn(x, vietnam))", "label": "True", "example_id": 330} +{"story_id": 109, "premises": "Phuoc Binh national park is a national park in Vietnam. \nAny national park in Vietnam is classified as a nature reserve. \nThere is a national park in Vietnam classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nAll national parks in Vietnam are either managed by the Ministry of Agriculture or managed by the People's Committee. \nPhuoc Binh is not managed by the Ministry of Agriculture.", "premises-FOL": "NationalPark(phuocBinh) \u2227 Locatedin(phuocBinh, vietnam)\n\u2200x ((NationalPark(x) \u2227 Locatedin(x, vietnam)) \u2192 NatureReserve(x))\n\u2203x (NationalPark(x) \u2227 Locatedin(x, vietnam) \u2227 UNESCOWorldHeritageSite(x))\n\u2200x ((NationalPark(x) \u2227 Locatedin(x, vietnam)) \u2192 (Mangedby(x, ministryofAgriculture) \u2295 Managedby(x, peoplesCommittee)))\n\u00acMangedby(phuocBinh, ministryofAgriculture)", "conclusion": "Phuoc Binh is a UNESCO Heritage Site.", "conclusion-FOL": "UNESCOWorldHeritageSite(phuocBinh))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 331} +{"story_id": 109, "premises": "Phuoc Binh national park is a national park in Vietnam. \nAny national park in Vietnam is classified as a nature reserve. \nThere is a national park in Vietnam classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nAll national parks in Vietnam are either managed by the Ministry of Agriculture or managed by the People's Committee. \nPhuoc Binh is not managed by the Ministry of Agriculture.", "premises-FOL": "NationalPark(phuocBinh) \u2227 Locatedin(phuocBinh, vietnam)\n\u2200x ((NationalPark(x) \u2227 Locatedin(x, vietnam)) \u2192 NatureReserve(x))\n\u2203x (NationalPark(x) \u2227 Locatedin(x, vietnam) \u2227 UNESCOWorldHeritageSite(x))\n\u2200x ((NationalPark(x) \u2227 Locatedin(x, vietnam)) \u2192 (Mangedby(x, ministryofAgriculture) \u2295 Managedby(x, peoplesCommittee)))\n\u00acMangedby(phuocBinh, ministryofAgriculture)", "conclusion": "Phuoc Binh is managed by the People's Committee.", "conclusion-FOL": "Mangedby(phuocBinh, peoplesCommittee)", "label": "True", "example_id": 332} +{"story_id": 137, "premises": "Greyhound racing is a competitive sport where spectators bet on greyhounds.\nGreyhound racing involves coursing.\nSome competitive sports where spectators bet on things are banned.\nCoursing involves spectators betting on a hare being pursued by greyhounds.\nSpectators betting on a hare is a small game.\nIf a competitive sport involves spectators betting on small games, then it is banned.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (GreyhoundRacing(x) \u2192 \u2203y (CompetitiveSport(x) \u2227 Greyhound(y) \u2227 BetOn(spectators, y, x)))\n\u2200x (GreyhoundRacing(x) \u2192 Coursing(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (CompetitiveSport(x) \u2227 BetOn(spectators, y, x) \u2227 Banned(x))\n\u2200x \u2203y \u2203z (Coursing(x) \u2192 Hare(y) \u2227 BetOn(spectators, y, x) \u2227 GreyHound(z) \u2227 PursuedBy(y, z))\n\u2203x \u2200y (Hare(x) \u2227 BetOn(spectators, x, y) \u2192 SmallGame(y))\n\u2200x \u2203y (CompetitiveSport(x) \u2227 SmallGame(y) \u2227 BetOn(spectators, y, x) \u2192 Banned(x))", "conclusion": "No coursing is banned.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Coursing(x) \u2227 \u00acBanned(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 402} +{"story_id": 137, "premises": "Greyhound racing is a competitive sport where spectators bet on greyhounds.\nGreyhound racing involves coursing.\nSome competitive sports where spectators bet on things are banned.\nCoursing involves spectators betting on a hare being pursued by greyhounds.\nSpectators betting on a hare is a small game.\nIf a competitive sport involves spectators betting on small games, then it is banned.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (GreyhoundRacing(x) \u2192 \u2203y (CompetitiveSport(x) \u2227 Greyhound(y) \u2227 BetOn(spectators, y, x)))\n\u2200x (GreyhoundRacing(x) \u2192 Coursing(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (CompetitiveSport(x) \u2227 BetOn(spectators, y, x) \u2227 Banned(x))\n\u2200x \u2203y \u2203z (Coursing(x) \u2192 Hare(y) \u2227 BetOn(spectators, y, x) \u2227 GreyHound(z) \u2227 PursuedBy(y, z))\n\u2203x \u2200y (Hare(x) \u2227 BetOn(spectators, x, y) \u2192 SmallGame(y))\n\u2200x \u2203y (CompetitiveSport(x) \u2227 SmallGame(y) \u2227 BetOn(spectators, y, x) \u2192 Banned(x))", "conclusion": "Greyhound racing is a competitive sport.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (GreyhoundRacing(x) \u2192 CompetitiveSport(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 403} +{"story_id": 190, "premises": "If a soccer player receives two yellow cards in one game, this player will be ejected from the rest of the game.\nIf a soccer player receives one red card in one game, this player will be ejected from the rest of the game.\nHenry is a soccer player.\nIn one game, Henry receives one yellow card and one red card.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SoccerPlayer(x) \u2227 Receive(x, twoYellowCard) \u2192 EjectFromRestOfGame(x))\n\u2200x (SoccerPlayer(x) \u2227 Receive(x, oneRedCard)) \u2192 EjectFromRestOfGame(x)) \nSoccerPlayer(henry)\nReceive(henry, oneYellowCard) \u2227 Receive(x, oneRedCard)", "conclusion": "Henry will be ejected from the rest of the game.", "conclusion-FOL": "EjectFromRestOfGame(henry)", "label": "True", "example_id": 544} +{"story_id": 190, "premises": "If a soccer player receives two yellow cards in one game, this player will be ejected from the rest of the game.\nIf a soccer player receives one red card in one game, this player will be ejected from the rest of the game.\nHenry is a soccer player.\nIn one game, Henry receives one yellow card and one red card.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SoccerPlayer(x) \u2227 Receive(x, twoYellowCard) \u2192 EjectFromRestOfGame(x))\n\u2200x (SoccerPlayer(x) \u2227 Receive(x, oneRedCard)) \u2192 EjectFromRestOfGame(x)) \nSoccerPlayer(henry)\nReceive(henry, oneYellowCard) \u2227 Receive(x, oneRedCard)", "conclusion": "Henry will not be ejected from the rest of the game.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acEjectFromRestOfGame(henry)", "label": "False", "example_id": 545} +{"story_id": 287, "premises": "Trees are plants. \nSome living things are trees.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Tree(x) \u2192 Plant(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Living(x) \u2227 Living(y) \u2227 Tree(x) \u2227 Tree(y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "conclusion": "Some living things are plants.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x \u2203y (Living(x) \u2227 Living(y) \u2227 Plant(x) \u2227 Plant(y) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y))", "label": "True", "example_id": 731} +{"story_id": 16, "premises": "Notable people with the given name include Dagfinn Aarskog, Dagfinn Bakke and Dagfinn Dahl.\nDagfinn Aarskog is a Norwegian physician.\nDagfinn Dahl is a Norwegian barrister.", "premises-FOL": "\nGivenName(nameDagfinn) \u2227 Named(dagfinnAarskog, nameDagfinn) \u2227 NotablePerson(dagfinnAarskog) \u2227 Named(dagfinnBakke, nameDagfinn) \u2227 NotablePerson(dagfinnBakke) \u2227 Named(dagfinnDahl, nameDagfinn) \u2227 NotablePerson(dagfinnDahl)\nNorwegian(dagfinnAarskog) \u2227 Physician(dagfinnAarskog)\nNorwegian(dagfinnDahl) \u2227 Barrister(dagfinnDahl)", "conclusion": "Dagfinn Aarskog is a notable person.", "conclusion-FOL": "NotablePerson(dagfinnAarskog)", "label": "True", "example_id": 44} +{"story_id": 16, "premises": "Notable people with the given name include Dagfinn Aarskog, Dagfinn Bakke and Dagfinn Dahl.\nDagfinn Aarskog is a Norwegian physician.\nDagfinn Dahl is a Norwegian barrister.", "premises-FOL": "\nGivenName(nameDagfinn) \u2227 Named(dagfinnAarskog, nameDagfinn) \u2227 NotablePerson(dagfinnAarskog) \u2227 Named(dagfinnBakke, nameDagfinn) \u2227 NotablePerson(dagfinnBakke) \u2227 Named(dagfinnDahl, nameDagfinn) \u2227 NotablePerson(dagfinnDahl)\nNorwegian(dagfinnAarskog) \u2227 Physician(dagfinnAarskog)\nNorwegian(dagfinnDahl) \u2227 Barrister(dagfinnDahl)", "conclusion": "Dagfinn is Dagfinn Aarskog's given name.", "conclusion-FOL": "Named(dagfinnAarskog, nameDagfinn)", "label": "True", "example_id": 45} +{"story_id": 16, "premises": "Notable people with the given name include Dagfinn Aarskog, Dagfinn Bakke and Dagfinn Dahl.\nDagfinn Aarskog is a Norwegian physician.\nDagfinn Dahl is a Norwegian barrister.", "premises-FOL": "\nGivenName(nameDagfinn) \u2227 Named(dagfinnAarskog, nameDagfinn) \u2227 NotablePerson(dagfinnAarskog) \u2227 Named(dagfinnBakke, nameDagfinn) \u2227 NotablePerson(dagfinnBakke) \u2227 Named(dagfinnDahl, nameDagfinn) \u2227 NotablePerson(dagfinnDahl)\nNorwegian(dagfinnAarskog) \u2227 Physician(dagfinnAarskog)\nNorwegian(dagfinnDahl) \u2227 Barrister(dagfinnDahl)", "conclusion": "Dagfinn Dahl is a Norwegian physician.", "conclusion-FOL": "Norwegian(dagfinnDahl) \u2227 Physician(dagfinnDahl)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 46} +{"story_id": 300, "premises": "If a movie is popular, some people enjoy watching it.\nAll things that some people enjoy attract attention.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Movie(x) \u2227 Popular(x) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (Person(y) \u2227 EnjoyWatching(y, x) \u2227 Person(z) \u2227 EnjoyWatching(z, x) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z)))\n\u2200x (\u2203y \u2203z (Person(y) \u2227 EnjoyWatching(y, x) \u2227 Person(z) \u2227 EnjoyWatching(z, x)) \u2192 Attract(x, attention))", "conclusion": "If a movie is popular, then it attracts attention.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Movie(x) \u2227 Popular(x) \u2192 Attract(x, attention))", "label": "True", "example_id": 744} +{"story_id": 240, "premises": "It is not true that some giant language models do not have good performance. \nAll language models with good performance are used by some researchers.\nIf a language model is used by some researchers, it is popular. \nIf BERT is a giant language model, then GPT-3 is also a giant language model. \nBERT is a giant language model. ", "premises-FOL": "\u00ac(\u2203x (LanguageModel(x) \u2227 Giant(x) \u2227 \u00acGoodPerformance(x)))\n\u2200x \u2203y \u2203z (LanguageModel(x) \u2227 GoodPerformance(x) \u2192 \u00ac(x=y) \u2227 Researcher(y) \u2227 UsedBy(x, y) \u2227 Researcher(z) \u2227 UsedBy(x, z))\n\u2200x \u2203y \u2203z (LanguageModel(x) \u2227 \u00ac(x=y) \u2227 Researcher(y) \u2227 UsedBy(x, y) \u2227 Researcher(z) \u2227 UsedBy(x, z) \u2192 Popular(x))\n(LanguageModel(bert) \u2227 Giant(bert)) \u2192 (LanguageModel(gpt-3) \u2227 Giant(gpt-3)).\nLanguageModel(bert) \u2227 Giant(bert)", "conclusion": "GPT-3 is popular.", "conclusion-FOL": "Popular(gpt-3)", "label": "True", "example_id": 682} +{"story_id": 110, "premises": "St Johnstone is a Scottish team.\nSt Johnstone is part of the Scottish Premiership league.\nIf a team is part of the league, it has joined the league.\nSt Johnstone and Minsk are different teams.\nFor two teams, either one team wins, or the other team wins.\nMinsk won against St Johnstone.", "premises-FOL": "Scottish(stJohnstone) \u2227 Team(stJohnstone)\nPartOf(stJohnstone, scottishPremiership) \u2227 League(scottishPremiership)\n\u2200x \u2200y (Team(x) \u2227 League(y) \u2227 PartOf(x, y) \u2192 Joined(x, y))\n\u00ac(misnk=stJohnstone)\n\u2200x \u2200y (\u00ac(x=y) \u2192 WonAgainst(x, y) \u2295 WonAgainst(y, x))\nWonAgainst(minsk, stJohnstone)", "conclusion": "At least one Scottish team has joined the Scottish Premiership.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Scottish(x) \u2227 Joined(x, scottishPremiership))", "label": "True", "example_id": 333} +{"story_id": 110, "premises": "St Johnstone is a Scottish team.\nSt Johnstone is part of the Scottish Premiership league.\nIf a team is part of the league, it has joined the league.\nSt Johnstone and Minsk are different teams.\nFor two teams, either one team wins, or the other team wins.\nMinsk won against St Johnstone.", "premises-FOL": "Scottish(stJohnstone) \u2227 Team(stJohnstone)\nPartOf(stJohnstone, scottishPremiership) \u2227 League(scottishPremiership)\n\u2200x \u2200y (Team(x) \u2227 League(y) \u2227 PartOf(x, y) \u2192 Joined(x, y))\n\u00ac(misnk=stJohnstone)\n\u2200x \u2200y (\u00ac(x=y) \u2192 WonAgainst(x, y) \u2295 WonAgainst(y, x))\nWonAgainst(minsk, stJohnstone)", "conclusion": "St Johnstone won against Minsk.", "conclusion-FOL": "WonGame(stJohnstone, minsk)", "label": "False", "example_id": 334} +{"story_id": 110, "premises": "St Johnstone is a Scottish team.\nSt Johnstone is part of the Scottish Premiership league.\nIf a team is part of the league, it has joined the league.\nSt Johnstone and Minsk are different teams.\nFor two teams, either one team wins, or the other team wins.\nMinsk won against St Johnstone.", "premises-FOL": "Scottish(stJohnstone) \u2227 Team(stJohnstone)\nPartOf(stJohnstone, scottishPremiership) \u2227 League(scottishPremiership)\n\u2200x \u2200y (Team(x) \u2227 League(y) \u2227 PartOf(x, y) \u2192 Joined(x, y))\n\u00ac(misnk=stJohnstone)\n\u2200x \u2200y (\u00ac(x=y) \u2192 WonAgainst(x, y) \u2295 WonAgainst(y, x))\nWonAgainst(minsk, stJohnstone)", "conclusion": "Minsk joined the Scottish Premiership.", "conclusion-FOL": "Joined(minsk, scottishPremiership))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 335} +{"story_id": 431, "premises": "No Boeing-737 plane has more than 300 seats. \nAll of the planes acquired by Delta in this batch are Boeing-737. \nPlanes either have more than 300 seats or have a capacity of 100 passengers. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are scheduled for a short-distance flight. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are produced before 2010. \nJake32 is either a Boeing-737 plane or a plane acquired by Delta in this batch.\nT10 is either both a Boeing-737 plane and acquired by Delta in this batch, or it is neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 Boeing737(x) \u2192 (\u00ac\u2203y(GreaterThan(y, num300) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y)))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 AcquiredBy(x, delta) \u2192 Boeing737(x))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2192 ((\u2203y(GreaterThan(y, num300) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y))) \u2295 (\u2203y(Equals(y, num100) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y))))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 \u2203y(Equals(y, num100) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y)) \u2192 ScheduledFor(x, shortdistanceflight))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 \u2203y(Equals(y, num100) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y)) \u2192 \u2203z(Before(z, yr2010) \u2227 Produced(x, z))\n(Boeing737(jake32) \u2227 Plane(jake32)) \u2295 (AcquiredByDeltaInThisBatch(jake32) \u2227 Plane(jake32))\n\u00ac((Boeing737(t10) \u2227 Plane(t10)) \u2295 (AcquiredByDeltaInThisBatch(t10) \u2227 Plane(t10)))", "conclusion": "Jake32 was produced before 2010 and is scheduled for a short-distance flight.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203z(Before(z, year2010) \u2227 Produced(jake32, z)) \u2227 ScheduledFor(jake32, shortdistanceflight))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1227} +{"story_id": 431, "premises": "No Boeing-737 plane has more than 300 seats. \nAll of the planes acquired by Delta in this batch are Boeing-737. \nPlanes either have more than 300 seats or have a capacity of 100 passengers. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are scheduled for a short-distance flight. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are produced before 2010. \nJake32 is either a Boeing-737 plane or a plane acquired by Delta in this batch.\nT10 is either both a Boeing-737 plane and acquired by Delta in this batch, or it is neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 Boeing737(x) \u2192 (\u00ac\u2203y(GreaterThan(y, num300) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y)))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 AcquiredBy(x, delta) \u2192 Boeing737(x))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2192 ((\u2203y(GreaterThan(y, num300) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y))) \u2295 (\u2203y(Equals(y, num100) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y))))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 \u2203y(Equals(y, num100) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y)) \u2192 ScheduledFor(x, shortdistanceflight))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 \u2203y(Equals(y, num100) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y)) \u2192 \u2203z(Before(z, yr2010) \u2227 Produced(x, z))\n(Boeing737(jake32) \u2227 Plane(jake32)) \u2295 (AcquiredByDeltaInThisBatch(jake32) \u2227 Plane(jake32))\n\u00ac((Boeing737(t10) \u2227 Plane(t10)) \u2295 (AcquiredByDeltaInThisBatch(t10) \u2227 Plane(t10)))", "conclusion": "Jake32 is not produced before 2010 and is not scheduled for a short-distance flight.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(\u2203z(Before(z, year2010) \u2227 Produced(jake32, z)) \u2227 ScheduledFor(jake32, shortdistanceflight)))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1228} +{"story_id": 431, "premises": "No Boeing-737 plane has more than 300 seats. \nAll of the planes acquired by Delta in this batch are Boeing-737. \nPlanes either have more than 300 seats or have a capacity of 100 passengers. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are scheduled for a short-distance flight. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are produced before 2010. \nJake32 is either a Boeing-737 plane or a plane acquired by Delta in this batch.\nT10 is either both a Boeing-737 plane and acquired by Delta in this batch, or it is neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 Boeing737(x) \u2192 (\u00ac\u2203y(GreaterThan(y, num300) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y)))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 AcquiredBy(x, delta) \u2192 Boeing737(x))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2192 ((\u2203y(GreaterThan(y, num300) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y))) \u2295 (\u2203y(Equals(y, num100) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y))))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 \u2203y(Equals(y, num100) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y)) \u2192 ScheduledFor(x, shortdistanceflight))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 \u2203y(Equals(y, num100) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y)) \u2192 \u2203z(Before(z, yr2010) \u2227 Produced(x, z))\n(Boeing737(jake32) \u2227 Plane(jake32)) \u2295 (AcquiredByDeltaInThisBatch(jake32) \u2227 Plane(jake32))\n\u00ac((Boeing737(t10) \u2227 Plane(t10)) \u2295 (AcquiredByDeltaInThisBatch(t10) \u2227 Plane(t10)))", "conclusion": "Jake32 is produced before 2010 or scheduled for a short-distance flight.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203z(Before(z, year2010) \u2227 Produced(jake32, z)) \u2228 ScheduledFor(jake32, shortdistanceflight))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1229} +{"story_id": 431, "premises": "No Boeing-737 plane has more than 300 seats. \nAll of the planes acquired by Delta in this batch are Boeing-737. \nPlanes either have more than 300 seats or have a capacity of 100 passengers. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are scheduled for a short-distance flight. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are produced before 2010. \nJake32 is either a Boeing-737 plane or a plane acquired by Delta in this batch.\nT10 is either both a Boeing-737 plane and acquired by Delta in this batch, or it is neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 Boeing737(x) \u2192 (\u00ac\u2203y(GreaterThan(y, num300) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y)))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 AcquiredBy(x, delta) \u2192 Boeing737(x))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2192 ((\u2203y(GreaterThan(y, num300) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y))) \u2295 (\u2203y(Equals(y, num100) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y))))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 \u2203y(Equals(y, num100) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y)) \u2192 ScheduledFor(x, shortdistanceflight))\n\u2200x (Plane(x) \u2227 \u2203y(Equals(y, num100) \u2227 EquippedWithSeats(x,y)) \u2192 \u2203z(Before(z, yr2010) \u2227 Produced(x, z))\n(Boeing737(jake32) \u2227 Plane(jake32)) \u2295 (AcquiredByDeltaInThisBatch(jake32) \u2227 Plane(jake32))\n\u00ac((Boeing737(t10) \u2227 Plane(t10)) \u2295 (AcquiredByDeltaInThisBatch(t10) \u2227 Plane(t10)))", "conclusion": "Jake32 is neither produced before 2010 nor scheduled for a short-distance flight.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac\u2203z(Before(z, year2010) \u2227 Produced(jake32, z)) \u2227 \u00acScheduledFor(jake32, shortdistanceflight))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1230} +{"story_id": 195, "premises": "The SAT test is wholly owned and developed by the College Board.\nThe SAT test is intended to assess students' readiness for college.\nThe SAT was originally designed not to be aligned with high school curricula. \nSeveral adjustments were made to the version of the SAT introduced in 2016 to align with the high school curriculum.", "premises-FOL": "OwnedBy(sAT, collegeBoard) \u2227 DevelopedBy(sAT, collegeBoard) \u2227 \u00ac(\u2203y (\u00ac(y=collegeBoard) \u2227 (OwnedBy(sAT, y) \u2228 DevelopedBy(sAT, y)))\nIntendedToAssess(sAT, studentsReadinessForCollege)\nOriginallyDesignedToBeAlignedWith(sAT, highSchoolCurricula)\nAdjustmentMadeIn(sAT, 2016, toAlignWithHighSchoolCurriculum)", "conclusion": "The SAT test is owned by the College Board and other third parties.", "conclusion-FOL": "OwnedBy(sAT, collegeBoard) \u2227 OwnedBy(sAT, otherThirdParties)", "label": "False", "example_id": 555} +{"story_id": 195, "premises": "The SAT test is wholly owned and developed by the College Board.\nThe SAT test is intended to assess students' readiness for college.\nThe SAT was originally designed not to be aligned with high school curricula. \nSeveral adjustments were made to the version of the SAT introduced in 2016 to align with the high school curriculum.", "premises-FOL": "OwnedBy(sAT, collegeBoard) \u2227 DevelopedBy(sAT, collegeBoard) \u2227 \u00ac(\u2203y (\u00ac(y=collegeBoard) \u2227 (OwnedBy(sAT, y) \u2228 DevelopedBy(sAT, y)))\nIntendedToAssess(sAT, studentsReadinessForCollege)\nOriginallyDesignedToBeAlignedWith(sAT, highSchoolCurricula)\nAdjustmentMadeIn(sAT, 2016, toAlignWithHighSchoolCurriculum)", "conclusion": "The SAT test assesses students' math skills.", "conclusion-FOL": "IntendedToAssess(sAT, studentsMathSkill)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 556} +{"story_id": 34, "premises": "Rafa Nadal was born in Mallorca.\nRafa Nadal is a professional tennis player.\nNadal's win ratio is high.\nAll players in the Big 3 are professionals who have a high win ratio.", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(rafaNadal, mallorca)\nProfessionalTennisPlayer(rafaNadal)\nHighWinRatio(rafaNadal)\n\u2200x ((ProfessionalTennisPlayer(x) \u2227 HighWinRatio(x)) \u2192 InBig3(x))", "conclusion": "Nadal was not born in Mallorca.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acBornIn(rafaNadal, mallorca)", "label": "False", "example_id": 98} +{"story_id": 34, "premises": "Rafa Nadal was born in Mallorca.\nRafa Nadal is a professional tennis player.\nNadal's win ratio is high.\nAll players in the Big 3 are professionals who have a high win ratio.", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(rafaNadal, mallorca)\nProfessionalTennisPlayer(rafaNadal)\nHighWinRatio(rafaNadal)\n\u2200x ((ProfessionalTennisPlayer(x) \u2227 HighWinRatio(x)) \u2192 InBig3(x))", "conclusion": "Nadal is in the Big 3.", "conclusion-FOL": "InBig3(rafaNadal)", "label": "True", "example_id": 99} +{"story_id": 34, "premises": "Rafa Nadal was born in Mallorca.\nRafa Nadal is a professional tennis player.\nNadal's win ratio is high.\nAll players in the Big 3 are professionals who have a high win ratio.", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(rafaNadal, mallorca)\nProfessionalTennisPlayer(rafaNadal)\nHighWinRatio(rafaNadal)\n\u2200x ((ProfessionalTennisPlayer(x) \u2227 HighWinRatio(x)) \u2192 InBig3(x))", "conclusion": "Nadal is the greatest player of all time.", "conclusion-FOL": "GreatestOfAllTime(rafaNadal)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 100} +{"story_id": 286, "premises": "No sandwich cookies are healthy.\nOreos are sandwich cookies.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SandwichCookie(x) \u2192 \u00acHealthy(x))\n\u2200x (Oreo(x) \u2192 SandwichCookie(x))", "conclusion": "All sandwich cookies are delicious.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (SandwichCookie(x) \u2192 Delicious(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 730} +{"story_id": 314, "premises": "No animals are plants.\nAll humans are animals.\nAll pupils are humans.\nAll flowers are plants.\nBailey is either both a human and a flower or neither a human nor a flower.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2192 \u00acPlant(x))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Pupil(x) \u2192 Human(x))\n\u2200x (Flower(x) \u2192 Plant(x))\n\u00ac(Human(bailey) \u2295 Flower(bailey))", "conclusion": "Bailey is a pupil.", "conclusion-FOL": "Pupil(bailey)", "label": "False", "example_id": 782} +{"story_id": 314, "premises": "No animals are plants.\nAll humans are animals.\nAll pupils are humans.\nAll flowers are plants.\nBailey is either both a human and a flower or neither a human nor a flower.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2192 \u00acPlant(x))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Pupil(x) \u2192 Human(x))\n\u2200x (Flower(x) \u2192 Plant(x))\n\u00ac(Human(bailey) \u2295 Flower(bailey))", "conclusion": "Bailey is not a pupil.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acPupil(bailey)", "label": "True", "example_id": 783} +{"story_id": 314, "premises": "No animals are plants.\nAll humans are animals.\nAll pupils are humans.\nAll flowers are plants.\nBailey is either both a human and a flower or neither a human nor a flower.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2192 \u00acPlant(x))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Pupil(x) \u2192 Human(x))\n\u2200x (Flower(x) \u2192 Plant(x))\n\u00ac(Human(bailey) \u2295 Flower(bailey))", "conclusion": "Bailey is a plant.", "conclusion-FOL": "Plant(bailey)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 784} +{"story_id": 314, "premises": "No animals are plants.\nAll humans are animals.\nAll pupils are humans.\nAll flowers are plants.\nBailey is either both a human and a flower or neither a human nor a flower.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2192 \u00acPlant(x))\n\u2200x (Human(x) \u2192 Animal(x))\n\u2200x (Pupil(x) \u2192 Human(x))\n\u2200x (Flower(x) \u2192 Plant(x))\n\u00ac(Human(bailey) \u2295 Flower(bailey))", "conclusion": "If Bailey is a human, then Bailey is not a pupil.", "conclusion-FOL": "Human(bailey) \u2192 \u00acPupil(bailey)", "label": "True", "example_id": 785} +{"story_id": 458, "premises": "Shoes are not food.\nAll slippers are shoes.\nAny object donated to the homeless charity is either clothes or food.\nWearable things are not edible.\nAll clothes are wearable. \nThe watch is donated to the homeless charify.\nIf the watch is not both edible and a piece of clothing, then the watch is either both edible and a piece of clothing or the watch is neither of them.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Shoe(x) \u2192 \u00acFood(x))\n\u2200x (Slipper(x) \u2192 Shoe(x))\n\u2200x (DonatedTo(x, homelessCharity) \u2192 Food(x) \u2295 Clothes(x))\n\u2200x (Wearable(x) \u2192 \u00acEdible(x))\n\u2200x (Clothes(x) \u2192 Wearable(x))\nDonatedTo(watch, homelessCharify)\n\u00ac(Edible(watch) \u2227 Clothes(watch)) \u2192 \u00ac(Edible(watch) \u2295 Clothes(watch))", "conclusion": "A watch is wearable.", "conclusion-FOL": "Wearable(watch)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1321} +{"story_id": 458, "premises": "Shoes are not food.\nAll slippers are shoes.\nAny object donated to the homeless charity is either clothes or food.\nWearable things are not edible.\nAll clothes are wearable. \nThe watch is donated to the homeless charify.\nIf the watch is not both edible and a piece of clothing, then the watch is either both edible and a piece of clothing or the watch is neither of them.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Shoe(x) \u2192 \u00acFood(x))\n\u2200x (Slipper(x) \u2192 Shoe(x))\n\u2200x (DonatedTo(x, homelessCharity) \u2192 Food(x) \u2295 Clothes(x))\n\u2200x (Wearable(x) \u2192 \u00acEdible(x))\n\u2200x (Clothes(x) \u2192 Wearable(x))\nDonatedTo(watch, homelessCharify)\n\u00ac(Edible(watch) \u2227 Clothes(watch)) \u2192 \u00ac(Edible(watch) \u2295 Clothes(watch))", "conclusion": "A watch is a slipper.", "conclusion-FOL": "Slipper(watch)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1322} +{"story_id": 458, "premises": "Shoes are not food.\nAll slippers are shoes.\nAny object donated to the homeless charity is either clothes or food.\nWearable things are not edible.\nAll clothes are wearable. \nThe watch is donated to the homeless charify.\nIf the watch is not both edible and a piece of clothing, then the watch is either both edible and a piece of clothing or the watch is neither of them.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Shoe(x) \u2192 \u00acFood(x))\n\u2200x (Slipper(x) \u2192 Shoe(x))\n\u2200x (DonatedTo(x, homelessCharity) \u2192 Food(x) \u2295 Clothes(x))\n\u2200x (Wearable(x) \u2192 \u00acEdible(x))\n\u2200x (Clothes(x) \u2192 Wearable(x))\nDonatedTo(watch, homelessCharify)\n\u00ac(Edible(watch) \u2227 Clothes(watch)) \u2192 \u00ac(Edible(watch) \u2295 Clothes(watch))", "conclusion": "A watch is neither edible nor a slipper.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acEdible(watch) \u2227 \u00acSlipper(watch)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1323} +{"story_id": 35, "premises": "An Olympian is a person who trains for an Olympic sport and goes to the Olympics.\nCarlos Reyes trains for an Olympic sport.\nCarlos Reyes went to the Olympics.\nCarlos Reyes is a welterweight.\nHeavy weights are not welterweights.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((DoesOlympicSport(x) \u2227 GoesToOlympicGames(x)) \u2192 Olympian(x))\nDoesOlympicSport(carlosReyes)\nGoesToOlympicGames(carlosReyes)\nWelterWeight(carlosReyes)\n\u2200x (WelterWeight(x) \u2192 \u00ac HeavyWeight(x))", "conclusion": "Carlos Reyes is an Olympian.", "conclusion-FOL": "Olympian(carlosReyes)", "label": "True", "example_id": 101} +{"story_id": 35, "premises": "An Olympian is a person who trains for an Olympic sport and goes to the Olympics.\nCarlos Reyes trains for an Olympic sport.\nCarlos Reyes went to the Olympics.\nCarlos Reyes is a welterweight.\nHeavy weights are not welterweights.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((DoesOlympicSport(x) \u2227 GoesToOlympicGames(x)) \u2192 Olympian(x))\nDoesOlympicSport(carlosReyes)\nGoesToOlympicGames(carlosReyes)\nWelterWeight(carlosReyes)\n\u2200x (WelterWeight(x) \u2192 \u00ac HeavyWeight(x))", "conclusion": "Carlos Reyes is a heavy weight.", "conclusion-FOL": "HeavyWeight(carlosReyes)", "label": "False", "example_id": 102} +{"story_id": 35, "premises": "An Olympian is a person who trains for an Olympic sport and goes to the Olympics.\nCarlos Reyes trains for an Olympic sport.\nCarlos Reyes went to the Olympics.\nCarlos Reyes is a welterweight.\nHeavy weights are not welterweights.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x ((DoesOlympicSport(x) \u2227 GoesToOlympicGames(x)) \u2192 Olympian(x))\nDoesOlympicSport(carlosReyes)\nGoesToOlympicGames(carlosReyes)\nWelterWeight(carlosReyes)\n\u2200x (WelterWeight(x) \u2192 \u00ac HeavyWeight(x))", "conclusion": "Carlos Reyes won an Olympic medal.", "conclusion-FOL": "WonOlympicMedal(carlosReyes)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 103} +{"story_id": 333, "premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (HaveIn(x, aLotOfMusicDecoration, room) \u2192 \u00acMoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (Ambitious(x) \u2192 MoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (BigFanOfMusic(x) \u2192 MusicDecorations(x, room))\n\u2200x (AttendFrequently(x, musicFestival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(x) \u2192 BigFanOfPopBand(x) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(x))\nAmbitious(sam) \u2192 BBigFanOfPopBand(sam) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(sam)", "conclusion": "Sam is a young teenage girl who attends music festival frequently", "conclusion-FOL": "Attend(sam, festival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(sam)", "label": "False", "example_id": 863} +{"story_id": 333, "premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (HaveIn(x, aLotOfMusicDecoration, room) \u2192 \u00acMoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (Ambitious(x) \u2192 MoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (BigFanOfMusic(x) \u2192 MusicDecorations(x, room))\n\u2200x (AttendFrequently(x, musicFestival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(x) \u2192 BigFanOfPopBand(x) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(x))\nAmbitious(sam) \u2192 BBigFanOfPopBand(sam) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(sam)", "conclusion": "Sam is not a young teenage girl who attends music festival frequently", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Attend(sam, festival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(sam))", "label": "True", "example_id": 864} +{"story_id": 333, "premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (HaveIn(x, aLotOfMusicDecoration, room) \u2192 \u00acMoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (Ambitious(x) \u2192 MoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (BigFanOfMusic(x) \u2192 MusicDecorations(x, room))\n\u2200x (AttendFrequently(x, musicFestival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(x) \u2192 BigFanOfPopBand(x) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(x))\nAmbitious(sam) \u2192 BBigFanOfPopBand(sam) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(sam)", "conclusion": "Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", "conclusion-FOL": "BigFanOfMusic(sam)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 865} +{"story_id": 333, "premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (HaveIn(x, aLotOfMusicDecoration, room) \u2192 \u00acMoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (Ambitious(x) \u2192 MoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (BigFanOfMusic(x) \u2192 MusicDecorations(x, room))\n\u2200x (AttendFrequently(x, musicFestival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(x) \u2192 BigFanOfPopBand(x) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(x))\nAmbitious(sam) \u2192 BBigFanOfPopBand(sam) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(sam)", "conclusion": "Sam neither has high ambitions and future career goals nor is she a young teenage girl attending music festival frequently", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Ambitious(sam) \u2228 (Attend(sam, festival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(sam)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 866} +{"story_id": 333, "premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (HaveIn(x, aLotOfMusicDecoration, room) \u2192 \u00acMoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (Ambitious(x) \u2192 MoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (BigFanOfMusic(x) \u2192 MusicDecorations(x, room))\n\u2200x (AttendFrequently(x, musicFestival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(x) \u2192 BigFanOfPopBand(x) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(x))\nAmbitious(sam) \u2192 BBigFanOfPopBand(sam) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(sam)", "conclusion": "Sam has high ambitions and future career goals and is a young teenage girl attending music festival frequently.", "conclusion-FOL": "Ambitious(sam) \u2227 Attend(sam, festival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(sam)", "label": "False", "example_id": 867} +{"story_id": 333, "premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (HaveIn(x, aLotOfMusicDecoration, room) \u2192 \u00acMoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (Ambitious(x) \u2192 MoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (BigFanOfMusic(x) \u2192 MusicDecorations(x, room))\n\u2200x (AttendFrequently(x, musicFestival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(x) \u2192 BigFanOfPopBand(x) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(x))\nAmbitious(sam) \u2192 BBigFanOfPopBand(sam) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(sam)", "conclusion": "Sam has high ambitions and future career goals and is a young teenage girl attending college.", "conclusion-FOL": "Ambitious(sam) \u2227 Attend(sam, festival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(sam)", "label": "False", "example_id": 868} +{"story_id": 333, "premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (HaveIn(x, aLotOfMusicDecoration, room) \u2192 \u00acMoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (Ambitious(x) \u2192 MoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (BigFanOfMusic(x) \u2192 MusicDecorations(x, room))\n\u2200x (AttendFrequently(x, musicFestival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(x) \u2192 BigFanOfPopBand(x) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(x))\nAmbitious(sam) \u2192 BBigFanOfPopBand(sam) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(sam)", "conclusion": "If Sam is a young teenage girl attending college, then Sam either does not have high ambitions and future career goals or is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", "conclusion-FOL": "Attend(sam, festival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(sam) \u2192 \u00ac(Ambitious(sam) \u2228 (BigFanOfPopBand(sam) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(sam)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 869} +{"story_id": 333, "premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (HaveIn(x, aLotOfMusicDecoration, room) \u2192 \u00acMoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (Ambitious(x) \u2192 MoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (BigFanOfMusic(x) \u2192 MusicDecorations(x, room))\n\u2200x (AttendFrequently(x, musicFestival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(x) \u2192 BigFanOfPopBand(x) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(x))\nAmbitious(sam) \u2192 BBigFanOfPopBand(sam) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(sam)", "conclusion": "If Sam has high ambitions and future career goals and is a young teenage girl attending college, then Sam either does not have high ambitions and future career goals or is not a young teenage girl attending college.", "conclusion-FOL": "Ambitious(sam) \u2227 Attend(sam, festival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(sam) \u2192 \u00ac(Ambitious(sam) \u2228 (Attend(sam, festival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(sam)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 870} +{"story_id": 333, "premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (HaveIn(x, aLotOfMusicDecoration, room) \u2192 \u00acMoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (Ambitious(x) \u2192 MoveOutEasily(x))\n\u2200x (BigFanOfMusic(x) \u2192 MusicDecorations(x, room))\n\u2200x (AttendFrequently(x, musicFestival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(x) \u2192 BigFanOfPopBand(x) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(x))\nAmbitious(sam) \u2192 BBigFanOfPopBand(sam) \u2227 BigFanOfPopSinger(sam)", "conclusion": "If Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a young teenage girl attending college.", "conclusion-FOL": "Ambitious(sam) \u2192 Attend(sam, festival) \u2227 YoungTeenageGirl(sam)", "label": "True", "example_id": 871} +{"story_id": 182, "premises": "Brita was a cargo ship built for Norwegians.\nBrita was impressed into service by Germany.\nShips that have been impressed into service were seized by whoever impressed them into service.\nThe Britta was sold to Hong Kong.", "premises-FOL": "CargoShip(britta) \u2227 Ship(britta) \u2227 BuiltFor(britta, norwegians)\nImpressedIntoServiceBy(britta, germany)\n\u2200x \u2200y (Ship(x) \u2227 ImpressedIntoServiceBy(x, y) \u2192 SeizedBy(x, y))\nSoldTo(britta, hongkong)", "conclusion": "There was a cargo ship seized by Germany that was sold to Hong Kong.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (CargoShip(x) \u2227 SeizedBy(x, germany) \u2227 SoldTo(x, hongkong))", "label": "True", "example_id": 524} +{"story_id": 182, "premises": "Brita was a cargo ship built for Norwegians.\nBrita was impressed into service by Germany.\nShips that have been impressed into service were seized by whoever impressed them into service.\nThe Britta was sold to Hong Kong.", "premises-FOL": "CargoShip(britta) \u2227 Ship(britta) \u2227 BuiltFor(britta, norwegians)\nImpressedIntoServiceBy(britta, germany)\n\u2200x \u2200y (Ship(x) \u2227 ImpressedIntoServiceBy(x, y) \u2192 SeizedBy(x, y))\nSoldTo(britta, hongkong)", "conclusion": "Hong Kong hasn't had any seized ships sold to them.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (SoldTo(x, hongkong) \u2192 \u00acSeizedBy(x, y))", "label": "False", "example_id": 525} +{"story_id": 182, "premises": "Brita was a cargo ship built for Norwegians.\nBrita was impressed into service by Germany.\nShips that have been impressed into service were seized by whoever impressed them into service.\nThe Britta was sold to Hong Kong.", "premises-FOL": "CargoShip(britta) \u2227 Ship(britta) \u2227 BuiltFor(britta, norwegians)\nImpressedIntoServiceBy(britta, germany)\n\u2200x \u2200y (Ship(x) \u2227 ImpressedIntoServiceBy(x, y) \u2192 SeizedBy(x, y))\nSoldTo(britta, hongkong)", "conclusion": "Hong Kong seized the Britta.", "conclusion-FOL": "SeizedBy(britta, hongkong)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 526} +{"story_id": 49, "premises": "Quincy McDuffie is an American professional wide receiver in Canadian Football.\nPeople who can catch balls are good wide receivers. \nQuincy McDuffie can catch some footballs easily.\nGood wide receivers play professionally.\nGood wide receivers can catch with both their left and right hand.\nAll footballs are balls.", "premises-FOL": "American(quincyMcduffie) \u2227 Professional(quincyMcduffie) \u2227 WideReciever(quincyMcduffie) \u2227 PlaysIn(quincyMcduffie, cFL)\n\u2200x ((\u2203y(CanCatch(x, y) \u2227 Ball(y))) \u2192 GoodWideReceiver(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Football(x) \u2227 CanCatch(quincymcduffie, x)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 (Football(y) \u2227 CanCatch(quincymcduffie, y))\n\u2200x (GoodWideReceiver(x) \u2192 Professional(x))\n\u2200x (GoodWideReceiver(x) \u2192 (CanCatchWith(x, lefthand) \u2227 CanCatchWith(x, righthand)))\n\u2200x (Football(x) \u2192 Ball(x))", "conclusion": "Quincy McDuffie is a good wide receiver.", "conclusion-FOL": "GoodWideReceiver(quincyMcduffie)", "label": "True", "example_id": 141} +{"story_id": 49, "premises": "Quincy McDuffie is an American professional wide receiver in Canadian Football.\nPeople who can catch balls are good wide receivers. \nQuincy McDuffie can catch some footballs easily.\nGood wide receivers play professionally.\nGood wide receivers can catch with both their left and right hand.\nAll footballs are balls.", "premises-FOL": "American(quincyMcduffie) \u2227 Professional(quincyMcduffie) \u2227 WideReciever(quincyMcduffie) \u2227 PlaysIn(quincyMcduffie, cFL)\n\u2200x ((\u2203y(CanCatch(x, y) \u2227 Ball(y))) \u2192 GoodWideReceiver(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Football(x) \u2227 CanCatch(quincymcduffie, x)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 (Football(y) \u2227 CanCatch(quincymcduffie, y))\n\u2200x (GoodWideReceiver(x) \u2192 Professional(x))\n\u2200x (GoodWideReceiver(x) \u2192 (CanCatchWith(x, lefthand) \u2227 CanCatchWith(x, righthand)))\n\u2200x (Football(x) \u2192 Ball(x))", "conclusion": "Quincy McDuffie can catch every ball.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Ball(x) \u2192 CanCatch(quincymcduffie, x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 142} +{"story_id": 49, "premises": "Quincy McDuffie is an American professional wide receiver in Canadian Football.\nPeople who can catch balls are good wide receivers. \nQuincy McDuffie can catch some footballs easily.\nGood wide receivers play professionally.\nGood wide receivers can catch with both their left and right hand.\nAll footballs are balls.", "premises-FOL": "American(quincyMcduffie) \u2227 Professional(quincyMcduffie) \u2227 WideReciever(quincyMcduffie) \u2227 PlaysIn(quincyMcduffie, cFL)\n\u2200x ((\u2203y(CanCatch(x, y) \u2227 Ball(y))) \u2192 GoodWideReceiver(x))\n\u2203x \u2203y (Football(x) \u2227 CanCatch(quincymcduffie, x)) \u2227 (\u00ac(x=y) \u2227 (Football(y) \u2227 CanCatch(quincymcduffie, y))\n\u2200x (GoodWideReceiver(x) \u2192 Professional(x))\n\u2200x (GoodWideReceiver(x) \u2192 (CanCatchWith(x, lefthand) \u2227 CanCatchWith(x, righthand)))\n\u2200x (Football(x) \u2192 Ball(x))", "conclusion": "Professional wide receivers are good at catching balls.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x ((Professional(x) \u2227 WideReciever(x)) \u2192 Good(x, catchingballs))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 143} +{"story_id": 6, "premises": "Boves is a railway station located in France. \nThe preceding station of Boves is Longueau.\nThe preceding station of Dommartin is Boves.\nFrance is a European country.\nDommartin is situated on the Paris\u2013Lille railway. \nAny two contiguous stations are on the same railway.\nBoves is served by regional TER Hauts-de-France trains.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.\nIf place A precedes place B and place B precedes place C, then place A precedes place C.", "premises-FOL": "RailwayStation(boves) \u2227 In(boves, france)\nPrecede(longueau, boves)\nPrecede(boves, dommartin)\nIn(france, europe)\nSituatedOn(dommartin, pairsLille)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((SituatedOn(x, z) \u2227 (Precede(x, y) \u2228 Precede(y, x)) \u2192 SituatedOn(y, z))\nServe(boves, hautsDeFrance)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((In(x, y) \u2227 In(y, z)) \u2192 In(x, z))\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((Precede(x, y) \u2227 Precede(y, z)) \u2192 Precede(x, z))", "conclusion": "Longueau is situated on the Paris\u2013Lille railway.", "conclusion-FOL": "SituatedOn(longueau, pairsLille)", "label": "True", "example_id": 14} +{"story_id": 6, "premises": "Boves is a railway station located in France. \nThe preceding station of Boves is Longueau.\nThe preceding station of Dommartin is Boves.\nFrance is a European country.\nDommartin is situated on the Paris\u2013Lille railway. \nAny two contiguous stations are on the same railway.\nBoves is served by regional TER Hauts-de-France trains.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.\nIf place A precedes place B and place B precedes place C, then place A precedes place C.", "premises-FOL": "RailwayStation(boves) \u2227 In(boves, france)\nPrecede(longueau, boves)\nPrecede(boves, dommartin)\nIn(france, europe)\nSituatedOn(dommartin, pairsLille)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((SituatedOn(x, z) \u2227 (Precede(x, y) \u2228 Precede(y, x)) \u2192 SituatedOn(y, z))\nServe(boves, hautsDeFrance)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((In(x, y) \u2227 In(y, z)) \u2192 In(x, z))\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((Precede(x, y) \u2227 Precede(y, z)) \u2192 Precede(x, z))", "conclusion": "Boves is not in Europe.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acIn(boves, europe)", "label": "False", "example_id": 15} +{"story_id": 6, "premises": "Boves is a railway station located in France. \nThe preceding station of Boves is Longueau.\nThe preceding station of Dommartin is Boves.\nFrance is a European country.\nDommartin is situated on the Paris\u2013Lille railway. \nAny two contiguous stations are on the same railway.\nBoves is served by regional TER Hauts-de-France trains.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.\nIf place A precedes place B and place B precedes place C, then place A precedes place C.", "premises-FOL": "RailwayStation(boves) \u2227 In(boves, france)\nPrecede(longueau, boves)\nPrecede(boves, dommartin)\nIn(france, europe)\nSituatedOn(dommartin, pairsLille)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((SituatedOn(x, z) \u2227 (Precede(x, y) \u2228 Precede(y, x)) \u2192 SituatedOn(y, z))\nServe(boves, hautsDeFrance)\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((In(x, y) \u2227 In(y, z)) \u2192 In(x, z))\n\u2200x \u2200y \u2200z ((Precede(x, y) \u2227 Precede(y, z)) \u2192 Precede(x, z))", "conclusion": "Longueau is served by regional TER Hauts-de-France trains.", "conclusion-FOL": "Serve(longueau, hautsDeFrance)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 16} +{"story_id": 102, "premises": "Edwin Smith was a New Zealand rower from Auckland.\nEdwin Smith was also known as Ted Smith.\nEdwin Smith went to Rose Road Primary School, located in Grey Lynn.\nEdwin Smith was a sergeant who served with the New Zealand 24th battalion in Italy and Egypt.\nBroadway Sheetmetals was a business run and owned by Edwin Smith, a sheet metal worker.", "premises-FOL": "From(edwinSmith, newZealand) \u2227 Rower(edwinSmith) \u2227 From(edwinSmith, auckland)\nedwinSmith=tedSmith\nGoTo(edwinSmith, roseRoadPrimarySchool) \u2227 LocatedIn(roseRoadPrimarySchool, greyLynn)\nSergeant(edwinSmith) \u2227 ServeWith(edwinSmith, newZealand24thBattalion) \u2227 ServeIn(edwinSmith, italy) \u2227 ServeIn(edwinSmith, egypt)\nBuisness(broadwaySheetmetals) \u2227 Run(edwinSmith, broadwaySheetmetals) \u2227 Own(edwinSmith, broadwaySheetmetals) \u2227 SheetmetalWorker(edwinsmith)", "conclusion": "Ted Smith was a sergeant.", "conclusion-FOL": "Sergeant(tedSmith)", "label": "True", "example_id": 309} +{"story_id": 102, "premises": "Edwin Smith was a New Zealand rower from Auckland.\nEdwin Smith was also known as Ted Smith.\nEdwin Smith went to Rose Road Primary School, located in Grey Lynn.\nEdwin Smith was a sergeant who served with the New Zealand 24th battalion in Italy and Egypt.\nBroadway Sheetmetals was a business run and owned by Edwin Smith, a sheet metal worker.", "premises-FOL": "From(edwinSmith, newZealand) \u2227 Rower(edwinSmith) \u2227 From(edwinSmith, auckland)\nedwinSmith=tedSmith\nGoTo(edwinSmith, roseRoadPrimarySchool) \u2227 LocatedIn(roseRoadPrimarySchool, greyLynn)\nSergeant(edwinSmith) \u2227 ServeWith(edwinSmith, newZealand24thBattalion) \u2227 ServeIn(edwinSmith, italy) \u2227 ServeIn(edwinSmith, egypt)\nBuisness(broadwaySheetmetals) \u2227 Run(edwinSmith, broadwaySheetmetals) \u2227 Own(edwinSmith, broadwaySheetmetals) \u2227 SheetmetalWorker(edwinsmith)", "conclusion": "There were no rowers that own a buisness.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (Rower(x) \u2227 Buisness(y) \u2192 \u00acOwn(x, y))", "label": "False", "example_id": 310} +{"story_id": 102, "premises": "Edwin Smith was a New Zealand rower from Auckland.\nEdwin Smith was also known as Ted Smith.\nEdwin Smith went to Rose Road Primary School, located in Grey Lynn.\nEdwin Smith was a sergeant who served with the New Zealand 24th battalion in Italy and Egypt.\nBroadway Sheetmetals was a business run and owned by Edwin Smith, a sheet metal worker.", "premises-FOL": "From(edwinSmith, newZealand) \u2227 Rower(edwinSmith) \u2227 From(edwinSmith, auckland)\nedwinSmith=tedSmith\nGoTo(edwinSmith, roseRoadPrimarySchool) \u2227 LocatedIn(roseRoadPrimarySchool, greyLynn)\nSergeant(edwinSmith) \u2227 ServeWith(edwinSmith, newZealand24thBattalion) \u2227 ServeIn(edwinSmith, italy) \u2227 ServeIn(edwinSmith, egypt)\nBuisness(broadwaySheetmetals) \u2227 Run(edwinSmith, broadwaySheetmetals) \u2227 Own(edwinSmith, broadwaySheetmetals) \u2227 SheetmetalWorker(edwinsmith)", "conclusion": "No sergeants were from Auckland.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Sergeant(x) \u2192 \u00acFrom(x, auckland))", "label": "False", "example_id": 311} +{"story_id": 102, "premises": "Edwin Smith was a New Zealand rower from Auckland.\nEdwin Smith was also known as Ted Smith.\nEdwin Smith went to Rose Road Primary School, located in Grey Lynn.\nEdwin Smith was a sergeant who served with the New Zealand 24th battalion in Italy and Egypt.\nBroadway Sheetmetals was a business run and owned by Edwin Smith, a sheet metal worker.", "premises-FOL": "From(edwinSmith, newZealand) \u2227 Rower(edwinSmith) \u2227 From(edwinSmith, auckland)\nedwinSmith=tedSmith\nGoTo(edwinSmith, roseRoadPrimarySchool) \u2227 LocatedIn(roseRoadPrimarySchool, greyLynn)\nSergeant(edwinSmith) \u2227 ServeWith(edwinSmith, newZealand24thBattalion) \u2227 ServeIn(edwinSmith, italy) \u2227 ServeIn(edwinSmith, egypt)\nBuisness(broadwaySheetmetals) \u2227 Run(edwinSmith, broadwaySheetmetals) \u2227 Own(edwinSmith, broadwaySheetmetals) \u2227 SheetmetalWorker(edwinsmith)", "conclusion": "No business owner served in Egypt.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x \u2200y (Buisness(x) \u2227 Own(y, x) \u2192 \u00acServeIn(y, egypt))", "label": "False", "example_id": 312} +{"story_id": 175, "premises": "A werewolf is a human that can turn into a wolf.\nA werewolf has been scratched or bitten by another werewolf.\nIf someone has been scratched or bitten by some entity, they have been attacked by that entity.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 CanTurnInto(x, wolf) \u2192 Werewolf(x))\n\u2200x \u2203y (Werewolf(x) \u2192 (BittenBy(x, y) \u2228 ScratchedBy(x, y)) \u2227 Werewolf(y))\n\u2200x \u2203y (BittenBy(x, y) \u2228 ScratchedBy(x, y)) \u2192 AttackedBy(x,y)", "conclusion": "All humans are werewolves.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Human(x) \u2192 Werewolf(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 503} +{"story_id": 175, "premises": "A werewolf is a human that can turn into a wolf.\nA werewolf has been scratched or bitten by another werewolf.\nIf someone has been scratched or bitten by some entity, they have been attacked by that entity.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 CanTurnInto(x, wolf) \u2192 Werewolf(x))\n\u2200x \u2203y (Werewolf(x) \u2192 (BittenBy(x, y) \u2228 ScratchedBy(x, y)) \u2227 Werewolf(y))\n\u2200x \u2203y (BittenBy(x, y) \u2228 ScratchedBy(x, y)) \u2192 AttackedBy(x,y)", "conclusion": "A werewolf is a wolf.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Werewolf(x) \u2192 Wolf(x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 504} +{"story_id": 175, "premises": "A werewolf is a human that can turn into a wolf.\nA werewolf has been scratched or bitten by another werewolf.\nIf someone has been scratched or bitten by some entity, they have been attacked by that entity.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Human(x) \u2227 CanTurnInto(x, wolf) \u2192 Werewolf(x))\n\u2200x \u2203y (Werewolf(x) \u2192 (BittenBy(x, y) \u2228 ScratchedBy(x, y)) \u2227 Werewolf(y))\n\u2200x \u2203y (BittenBy(x, y) \u2228 ScratchedBy(x, y)) \u2192 AttackedBy(x,y)", "conclusion": "A werewolf has scratched someone before.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x \u2203y (Werewolf(x) \u2192 ScratchedBy(y, x))", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 505} +{"story_id": 139, "premises": "UFC Fight Night was a mixed martial arts event held in Sweden.\nAt UFC Fight Night, Sadollah was scheduled to fight Musoke.\nSadollah fought Akiyama at UFC Fight Night.\nMusoke fought Yakovlev at UFC Fight Night.\nJung was injured at UFC Fight Night.\nPeople injured at UFC Fight Night did not fight.", "premises-FOL": "Event(uFCFightNight) \u2227 MixedMartial(uFCFightNight) \u2227 HeldIn(uFCFightNight, sweden)\nScheduledToFight(sadollah, musoke,uFCFightNight)\nFight(sadollah, akiyama, uFCFightNight)\nFight(musoke, yakovlev, uFCFightNight)\nInjuredAt(jung, uFCFightNight)\n\u2200x (InjuredAt(x, uFCFightNight) \u2192 \u00acFightIn(x, uFCFightNight))", "conclusion": "Jung fought Sadollah.", "conclusion-FOL": "Fight(jung, sadollah, uFCFightNight)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 407} +{"story_id": 139, "premises": "UFC Fight Night was a mixed martial arts event held in Sweden.\nAt UFC Fight Night, Sadollah was scheduled to fight Musoke.\nSadollah fought Akiyama at UFC Fight Night.\nMusoke fought Yakovlev at UFC Fight Night.\nJung was injured at UFC Fight Night.\nPeople injured at UFC Fight Night did not fight.", "premises-FOL": "Event(uFCFightNight) \u2227 MixedMartial(uFCFightNight) \u2227 HeldIn(uFCFightNight, sweden)\nScheduledToFight(sadollah, musoke,uFCFightNight)\nFight(sadollah, akiyama, uFCFightNight)\nFight(musoke, yakovlev, uFCFightNight)\nInjuredAt(jung, uFCFightNight)\n\u2200x (InjuredAt(x, uFCFightNight) \u2192 \u00acFightIn(x, uFCFightNight))", "conclusion": "Jung did not fight at UFC Fight Night.", "conclusion-FOL": "Event(uFCFightNight) \u2227 \u00acFightIn(jung, uFCFightNight)", "label": "True", "example_id": 408} +{"story_id": 139, "premises": "UFC Fight Night was a mixed martial arts event held in Sweden.\nAt UFC Fight Night, Sadollah was scheduled to fight Musoke.\nSadollah fought Akiyama at UFC Fight Night.\nMusoke fought Yakovlev at UFC Fight Night.\nJung was injured at UFC Fight Night.\nPeople injured at UFC Fight Night did not fight.", "premises-FOL": "Event(uFCFightNight) \u2227 MixedMartial(uFCFightNight) \u2227 HeldIn(uFCFightNight, sweden)\nScheduledToFight(sadollah, musoke,uFCFightNight)\nFight(sadollah, akiyama, uFCFightNight)\nFight(musoke, yakovlev, uFCFightNight)\nInjuredAt(jung, uFCFightNight)\n\u2200x (InjuredAt(x, uFCFightNight) \u2192 \u00acFightIn(x, uFCFightNight))", "conclusion": "Sadollah fought Musoke at UFC Fight Night.", "conclusion-FOL": "Fight(sadollah, musoke, uFCFightNight)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 409} +{"story_id": 139, "premises": "UFC Fight Night was a mixed martial arts event held in Sweden.\nAt UFC Fight Night, Sadollah was scheduled to fight Musoke.\nSadollah fought Akiyama at UFC Fight Night.\nMusoke fought Yakovlev at UFC Fight Night.\nJung was injured at UFC Fight Night.\nPeople injured at UFC Fight Night did not fight.", "premises-FOL": "Event(uFCFightNight) \u2227 MixedMartial(uFCFightNight) \u2227 HeldIn(uFCFightNight, sweden)\nScheduledToFight(sadollah, musoke,uFCFightNight)\nFight(sadollah, akiyama, uFCFightNight)\nFight(musoke, yakovlev, uFCFightNight)\nInjuredAt(jung, uFCFightNight)\n\u2200x (InjuredAt(x, uFCFightNight) \u2192 \u00acFightIn(x, uFCFightNight))", "conclusion": "Nelson fought Story at UFC Fight Night.", "conclusion-FOL": "Fight(nelson, story, uFCFightNight)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 410} +{"story_id": 468, "premises": "All drinks on the counter are edible. \nAll juices on the counter are drinks. \nOrange juice is a type of juice. \nEverything on the counter is either orange juice or apple juice.\nAll apple juices on the counter are sweet.\nThe coke is on the counter and if the coke is apple juice, then the coke is a drink.\nIf the coke is not apple juice, then the coke is not edible.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (OnCounter(x) \u2227 Drink(x) \u2192 Edible(x))\n\u2200x (OnCounter(x) \u2227 Juice(x) \u2192 Drink(x))\n\u2200x (OrangeJuice(x) \u2192 Juice(x))\n\u2200x (OnCounter(x) \u2192 OrangeJuice(x) \u2295 AppleJuice(x))\n\u2200x (OnCounter(x) \u2227 AppleJuice(x) \u2192 Sweet(x))\nOnCounter(coke) \u2227 (AppleJuice(coke) \u2192 Drink(coke))\n\u00acAppleJuice(coke) \u2192 \u00acEdible(coke)", "conclusion": "The coke is orange juice.", "conclusion-FOL": "OrangeJuice(coke)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1351} +{"story_id": 468, "premises": "All drinks on the counter are edible. \nAll juices on the counter are drinks. \nOrange juice is a type of juice. \nEverything on the counter is either orange juice or apple juice.\nAll apple juices on the counter are sweet.\nThe coke is on the counter and if the coke is apple juice, then the coke is a drink.\nIf the coke is not apple juice, then the coke is not edible.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (OnCounter(x) \u2227 Drink(x) \u2192 Edible(x))\n\u2200x (OnCounter(x) \u2227 Juice(x) \u2192 Drink(x))\n\u2200x (OrangeJuice(x) \u2192 Juice(x))\n\u2200x (OnCounter(x) \u2192 OrangeJuice(x) \u2295 AppleJuice(x))\n\u2200x (OnCounter(x) \u2227 AppleJuice(x) \u2192 Sweet(x))\nOnCounter(coke) \u2227 (AppleJuice(coke) \u2192 Drink(coke))\n\u00acAppleJuice(coke) \u2192 \u00acEdible(coke)", "conclusion": "The coke is edible and sweet.", "conclusion-FOL": "Edible(coke) \u2227 Sweet(coke)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1352} +{"story_id": 468, "premises": "All drinks on the counter are edible. \nAll juices on the counter are drinks. \nOrange juice is a type of juice. \nEverything on the counter is either orange juice or apple juice.\nAll apple juices on the counter are sweet.\nThe coke is on the counter and if the coke is apple juice, then the coke is a drink.\nIf the coke is not apple juice, then the coke is not edible.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (OnCounter(x) \u2227 Drink(x) \u2192 Edible(x))\n\u2200x (OnCounter(x) \u2227 Juice(x) \u2192 Drink(x))\n\u2200x (OrangeJuice(x) \u2192 Juice(x))\n\u2200x (OnCounter(x) \u2192 OrangeJuice(x) \u2295 AppleJuice(x))\n\u2200x (OnCounter(x) \u2227 AppleJuice(x) \u2192 Sweet(x))\nOnCounter(coke) \u2227 (AppleJuice(coke) \u2192 Drink(coke))\n\u00acAppleJuice(coke) \u2192 \u00acEdible(coke)", "conclusion": "The coke is not edible and sweet.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Edible(coke) \u2227 Sweet(coke))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1353} +{"story_id": 41, "premises": "Federico Garcia Lorca was a talented Spanish poet, and he supported the Popular Front.\nThe Spanish Nationalists opposed anyone who supported the Popular Front\nTalented poets are popular.\nSpanish Nationalists killed anyone who they opposed and who was popular.\nDaniel supported the Popular Front but was not popular.", "premises-FOL": "TalentedPoet(lorca) \u2227 Support(lorca, populists)\n\u2200x (Support(x, populists) \u2192 Opposed(nationalists, x))\n\u2200x (TalentedPoet(x) \u2192 Popular(x))\n\u2200x ((Opposed(nationalists, x) \u2227 Popular(x)) \u2192 Killed(nationalists, x))\nSupport(daniel, populists) \u2227 (\u00acPopular(daniel))", "conclusion": "The Spanish Nationalists killed Daniel.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acKilled(nationalists, daniel)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 118} +{"story_id": 41, "premises": "Federico Garcia Lorca was a talented Spanish poet, and he supported the Popular Front.\nThe Spanish Nationalists opposed anyone who supported the Popular Front\nTalented poets are popular.\nSpanish Nationalists killed anyone who they opposed and who was popular.\nDaniel supported the Popular Front but was not popular.", "premises-FOL": "TalentedPoet(lorca) \u2227 Support(lorca, populists)\n\u2200x (Support(x, populists) \u2192 Opposed(nationalists, x))\n\u2200x (TalentedPoet(x) \u2192 Popular(x))\n\u2200x ((Opposed(nationalists, x) \u2227 Popular(x)) \u2192 Killed(nationalists, x))\nSupport(daniel, populists) \u2227 (\u00acPopular(daniel))", "conclusion": "The Spanish Nationalists killed Lorca.", "conclusion-FOL": "Killed(nationalists, lorca)", "label": "True", "example_id": 119} +{"story_id": 366, "premises": "People in Franny's family drink kombucha every day or drink Coca-Cola or a Pepsi product.\nIf people in Franny's family drink Coca-Cola or a Pepsi product every day, then they grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack them lunch.\nIf people in Franny's family drink Coca-Cola or another Pepsi product every day, then they have to visit the dentist frequently.\nIf people in Franny's family grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack them lunch, then they have erratic and diverse eating habits.\nIf people in Franny's family have erratic and diverse eating habits, then they do not have consistent everyday routines and like sticking to a solid schedule.\nDamon is in Franny's family. \nDamon either both grow up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack her lunch and have consistent everyday routines and like sticking to a solid schedule, or Damon did neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily) \u2227 (Drink(x, kombucha) \u2228 (\u2203y (Drink(x, cocaCola) \u2228 (PepsiProduct(y) \u2227 Drink(x, y))))))\n\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily) \u2227 (\u2203y (Drink(x, cocaCola) \u2228 (PepsiProduct(y) \u2227 Drink(x, y)))) \u2192 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 BusyParent(y) \u2227 BusyParent(z) \u2227 \u00acPack(y, lunch) \u2227 \u00acPack(z, lunch) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z))))\n\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily)) \u2227 (\u2203y (Drink(x, cocaCola) \u2228 (PepsiProduct(y) \u2227 Drink(x, y)))) \u2192 HaveToVisitFrequently(x, dentist))\n\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily) \u2227 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 BusyParent(y) \u2227 BusyParent(z) \u2227 \u00acPack(y, lunch) \u2227 \u00acPack(z, lunch) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z))) \u2192 \u2203y (Have(x, y) \u2227 Erratic(y) \u2227 Diverse(y) \u2227 EatingHabit(y)))\n\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily) \u2227 \u2203y (Have(x, y) \u2227 Erratic(y) \u2227 Diverse(y) \u2227 EatingHabit(y))) \u2192 \u00ac(ConsistentEverydayRoutine(x) \u2227 StickTo(damon, solidSchedule)))\nIn(damon, frannysFamily)\n\u00ac((\u2203y \u2203z(\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 BusyParent(y) \u2227 BusyParent(z) \u2227 \u00acPack(y, lunch) \u2227 \u00acPack(z, lunch) \u2227 GrowUpWith(damon, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(damon, z))) \u2295 (ConsistentEverydayRoutine(damon) \u2227 StickTo(damon, solidSchedule)))", "conclusion": "Damon is in Franny's family and he has to visit the dentist frequently.", "conclusion-FOL": "HaveToVisitFrequently(damon, dentist)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 973} +{"story_id": 366, "premises": "People in Franny's family drink kombucha every day or drink Coca-Cola or a Pepsi product.\nIf people in Franny's family drink Coca-Cola or a Pepsi product every day, then they grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack them lunch.\nIf people in Franny's family drink Coca-Cola or another Pepsi product every day, then they have to visit the dentist frequently.\nIf people in Franny's family grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack them lunch, then they have erratic and diverse eating habits.\nIf people in Franny's family have erratic and diverse eating habits, then they do not have consistent everyday routines and like sticking to a solid schedule.\nDamon is in Franny's family. \nDamon either both grow up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack her lunch and have consistent everyday routines and like sticking to a solid schedule, or Damon did neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily) \u2227 (Drink(x, kombucha) \u2228 (\u2203y (Drink(x, cocaCola) \u2228 (PepsiProduct(y) \u2227 Drink(x, y))))))\n\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily) \u2227 (\u2203y (Drink(x, cocaCola) \u2228 (PepsiProduct(y) \u2227 Drink(x, y)))) \u2192 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 BusyParent(y) \u2227 BusyParent(z) \u2227 \u00acPack(y, lunch) \u2227 \u00acPack(z, lunch) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z))))\n\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily)) \u2227 (\u2203y (Drink(x, cocaCola) \u2228 (PepsiProduct(y) \u2227 Drink(x, y)))) \u2192 HaveToVisitFrequently(x, dentist))\n\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily) \u2227 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 BusyParent(y) \u2227 BusyParent(z) \u2227 \u00acPack(y, lunch) \u2227 \u00acPack(z, lunch) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z))) \u2192 \u2203y (Have(x, y) \u2227 Erratic(y) \u2227 Diverse(y) \u2227 EatingHabit(y)))\n\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily) \u2227 \u2203y (Have(x, y) \u2227 Erratic(y) \u2227 Diverse(y) \u2227 EatingHabit(y))) \u2192 \u00ac(ConsistentEverydayRoutine(x) \u2227 StickTo(damon, solidSchedule)))\nIn(damon, frannysFamily)\n\u00ac((\u2203y \u2203z(\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 BusyParent(y) \u2227 BusyParent(z) \u2227 \u00acPack(y, lunch) \u2227 \u00acPack(z, lunch) \u2227 GrowUpWith(damon, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(damon, z))) \u2295 (ConsistentEverydayRoutine(damon) \u2227 StickTo(damon, solidSchedule)))", "conclusion": "If Damon is in Franny's family and he either both grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack his lunch and drink kombucha every day or neither grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack his lunch nor drink kombucha every day, then Damon neither visits the dentist frequently nor drinks Coca Cola or Pepsi products.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac((\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 \u2203y \u2203z (BusyParent(y) \u2227 BusyParent(z) \u2227 \u00acPack(y, lunch) \u2227 \u00acPack(z, lunch) \u2227 GrowUpWith(damon, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(damon, z))) \u2295 Drink(damon, kombucha)) \u2192 \u00ac(HaveToVisitFrequently(damon, dentist) \u2228 (\u2203y (Have(damon, y) \u2227 Erratic(y) \u2227 Diverse(y) \u2227 EatingHabit(y))))", "label": "True", "example_id": 974} +{"story_id": 366, "premises": "People in Franny's family drink kombucha every day or drink Coca-Cola or a Pepsi product.\nIf people in Franny's family drink Coca-Cola or a Pepsi product every day, then they grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack them lunch.\nIf people in Franny's family drink Coca-Cola or another Pepsi product every day, then they have to visit the dentist frequently.\nIf people in Franny's family grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack them lunch, then they have erratic and diverse eating habits.\nIf people in Franny's family have erratic and diverse eating habits, then they do not have consistent everyday routines and like sticking to a solid schedule.\nDamon is in Franny's family. \nDamon either both grow up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack her lunch and have consistent everyday routines and like sticking to a solid schedule, or Damon did neither.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily) \u2227 (Drink(x, kombucha) \u2228 (\u2203y (Drink(x, cocaCola) \u2228 (PepsiProduct(y) \u2227 Drink(x, y))))))\n\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily) \u2227 (\u2203y (Drink(x, cocaCola) \u2228 (PepsiProduct(y) \u2227 Drink(x, y)))) \u2192 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 BusyParent(y) \u2227 BusyParent(z) \u2227 \u00acPack(y, lunch) \u2227 \u00acPack(z, lunch) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z))))\n\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily)) \u2227 (\u2203y (Drink(x, cocaCola) \u2228 (PepsiProduct(y) \u2227 Drink(x, y)))) \u2192 HaveToVisitFrequently(x, dentist))\n\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily) \u2227 (\u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 BusyParent(y) \u2227 BusyParent(z) \u2227 \u00acPack(y, lunch) \u2227 \u00acPack(z, lunch) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(x, z))) \u2192 \u2203y (Have(x, y) \u2227 Erratic(y) \u2227 Diverse(y) \u2227 EatingHabit(y)))\n\u2200x (In(x, frannysFamily) \u2227 \u2203y (Have(x, y) \u2227 Erratic(y) \u2227 Diverse(y) \u2227 EatingHabit(y))) \u2192 \u00ac(ConsistentEverydayRoutine(x) \u2227 StickTo(damon, solidSchedule)))\nIn(damon, frannysFamily)\n\u00ac((\u2203y \u2203z(\u00ac(y=z) \u2227 BusyParent(y) \u2227 BusyParent(z) \u2227 \u00acPack(y, lunch) \u2227 \u00acPack(z, lunch) \u2227 GrowUpWith(damon, y) \u2227 GrowUpWith(damon, z))) \u2295 (ConsistentEverydayRoutine(damon) \u2227 StickTo(damon, solidSchedule)))", "conclusion": "If Damon is in Franny's family and he either visits the dentist frequently or drinks kombucha, then Damon both visits the dentist frequently and drinks Coca-Cola or Pepsi products every day.", "conclusion-FOL": "HaveToVisitFrequently(damon, dentist) \u2228 Drink(damon, kombucha, everyDay) \u2192 HaveToVisitFrequently(damon, dentist) \u2227 (\u2203y (Drink(x, cocaCola) \u2228 (PepsiProduct(y) \u2227 Drink(x, y))))", "label": "False", "example_id": 975} +{"story_id": 22, "premises": "If a customer subscribes to AMC A-List, then he/she can watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome customers go to cinemas every week. \nCustomers who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nJames watches TV series in cinemas. \nJames subscribes to AMC A-List.\nPeter prefers TV series.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SubscribedTo(x, aMCAList) \u2192 EligibleForThreeFreeMovies(x))\n\u2203x (CinemaEveryWeek(x))\n\u2200x (Prefer(x, tVSeries) \u2192 \u00acWatchTVIn(x, cinemas))\nWatchTVIn(james, cinemas)\nSubscribedTo(james, aMCAList)\nPrefer(peter, tVSeries)", "conclusion": "James cannot watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acEligibleForThreeFreeMovies(james)", "label": "False", "example_id": 63} +{"story_id": 22, "premises": "If a customer subscribes to AMC A-List, then he/she can watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome customers go to cinemas every week. \nCustomers who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nJames watches TV series in cinemas. \nJames subscribes to AMC A-List.\nPeter prefers TV series.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SubscribedTo(x, aMCAList) \u2192 EligibleForThreeFreeMovies(x))\n\u2203x (CinemaEveryWeek(x))\n\u2200x (Prefer(x, tVSeries) \u2192 \u00acWatchTVIn(x, cinemas))\nWatchTVIn(james, cinemas)\nSubscribedTo(james, aMCAList)\nPrefer(peter, tVSeries)", "conclusion": "James goes to cinemas every week.", "conclusion-FOL": "CinemaEveryWeek(james)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 64} +{"story_id": 22, "premises": "If a customer subscribes to AMC A-List, then he/she can watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome customers go to cinemas every week. \nCustomers who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nJames watches TV series in cinemas. \nJames subscribes to AMC A-List.\nPeter prefers TV series.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (SubscribedTo(x, aMCAList) \u2192 EligibleForThreeFreeMovies(x))\n\u2203x (CinemaEveryWeek(x))\n\u2200x (Prefer(x, tVSeries) \u2192 \u00acWatchTVIn(x, cinemas))\nWatchTVIn(james, cinemas)\nSubscribedTo(james, aMCAList)\nPrefer(peter, tVSeries)", "conclusion": "Peter will not watch TV series in cinemas.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acWatchTVIn(peter, cinemas)", "label": "True", "example_id": 65} +{"story_id": 275, "premises": "Bulbophyllum attenuatum is in the genus Bulbophyllum.\nAll Bulbophyllum are orchids.", "premises-FOL": "GenusBulbophyllum(bulbophyllumAttenuatum)\n\u2200x (GenusBulbophyllum(x) \u2192 Orchid(x))", "conclusion": "Bulbophyllum attenuatum is not an orchid.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acOrchid(bulbophyllumAttenuatum)", "label": "False", "example_id": 719} +{"story_id": 163, "premises": "There are eight federal districts of Russia: Central, Northwestern, Southern, North Caucasian, Volga, Ural, Siberian, and Far Eastern.\nThe Central federal district has the largest population among all federal districts in Russia.\nMoscow is the administrative center of the Central federal district.\nYekaterinburg is the administrative center of the Ural federal district.\nVladivostok is the administrative center of the Far Eastern federal district.\nThe Far Eastern federal district has the largest area among all federal districts in Russia.\nSome federal districts in Russia were established in 2000.", "premises-FOL": "FederalDistrictOf(central, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(northwestern, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(southern, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(northcaucasian, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(volga, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(ural, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(siberian, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(fareastern, russia)\nLargestPopulation(central) \nAdministrativeCenterOf(moscow, central)\nAdministrativeCenterOf(yekaterinburg, ural)\nAdministrativeCenterOf(vladivostok, farEastern)\nLargestArea(farEastern)\n\u2203x (FederalDistrictOf(x, russia) \u2227 EstablishedIn(x, 2000))", "conclusion": "Vladivostok is the administrative center of the federal district with the largest area.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (AdministrativeCenterOf(vladivostok, x) \u2227 LargestArea(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 467} +{"story_id": 163, "premises": "There are eight federal districts of Russia: Central, Northwestern, Southern, North Caucasian, Volga, Ural, Siberian, and Far Eastern.\nThe Central federal district has the largest population among all federal districts in Russia.\nMoscow is the administrative center of the Central federal district.\nYekaterinburg is the administrative center of the Ural federal district.\nVladivostok is the administrative center of the Far Eastern federal district.\nThe Far Eastern federal district has the largest area among all federal districts in Russia.\nSome federal districts in Russia were established in 2000.", "premises-FOL": "FederalDistrictOf(central, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(northwestern, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(southern, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(northcaucasian, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(volga, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(ural, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(siberian, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(fareastern, russia)\nLargestPopulation(central) \nAdministrativeCenterOf(moscow, central)\nAdministrativeCenterOf(yekaterinburg, ural)\nAdministrativeCenterOf(vladivostok, farEastern)\nLargestArea(farEastern)\n\u2203x (FederalDistrictOf(x, russia) \u2227 EstablishedIn(x, 2000))", "conclusion": "Moscow is the administrative center of the federal district with the largest population.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (AdministrativeCenterOf(moscow, x) \u2227 LargestPopulationIn(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 468} +{"story_id": 163, "premises": "There are eight federal districts of Russia: Central, Northwestern, Southern, North Caucasian, Volga, Ural, Siberian, and Far Eastern.\nThe Central federal district has the largest population among all federal districts in Russia.\nMoscow is the administrative center of the Central federal district.\nYekaterinburg is the administrative center of the Ural federal district.\nVladivostok is the administrative center of the Far Eastern federal district.\nThe Far Eastern federal district has the largest area among all federal districts in Russia.\nSome federal districts in Russia were established in 2000.", "premises-FOL": "FederalDistrictOf(central, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(northwestern, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(southern, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(northcaucasian, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(volga, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(ural, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(siberian, russia) \u2227 FederalDistrictOf(fareastern, russia)\nLargestPopulation(central) \nAdministrativeCenterOf(moscow, central)\nAdministrativeCenterOf(yekaterinburg, ural)\nAdministrativeCenterOf(vladivostok, farEastern)\nLargestArea(farEastern)\n\u2203x (FederalDistrictOf(x, russia) \u2227 EstablishedIn(x, 2000))", "conclusion": "The Northwestern federal district was established in 2000.", "conclusion-FOL": "EstablishedIn(northwestern, 2000)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 469} +{"story_id": 320, "premises": "All cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Cancer(x) \u2192 Have(x, mutation))\n\u2200x (Have(x, mutation) \u2192 \u00acCanBeTreatedAtHome(x))\n\u2200x (ColorectalCancer(x) \u2192 Cancer(x))\n\u2200x (Cold(x) \u2192 CanBeTreatedAtHome(x))\n\u00ac(Cold(arthritis) \u2295 Have(arthritis, mutation))", "conclusion": "Arthritis can be treated at home.", "conclusion-FOL": "CanBeTreatedAtHome(arthritis)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 810} +{"story_id": 320, "premises": "All cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Cancer(x) \u2192 Have(x, mutation))\n\u2200x (Have(x, mutation) \u2192 \u00acCanBeTreatedAtHome(x))\n\u2200x (ColorectalCancer(x) \u2192 Cancer(x))\n\u2200x (Cold(x) \u2192 CanBeTreatedAtHome(x))\n\u00ac(Cold(arthritis) \u2295 Have(arthritis, mutation))", "conclusion": "Arthritis is colorectal cancer.", "conclusion-FOL": "ColorectalCancer(arthritis)", "label": "False", "example_id": 811} +{"story_id": 320, "premises": "All cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Cancer(x) \u2192 Have(x, mutation))\n\u2200x (Have(x, mutation) \u2192 \u00acCanBeTreatedAtHome(x))\n\u2200x (ColorectalCancer(x) \u2192 Cancer(x))\n\u2200x (Cold(x) \u2192 CanBeTreatedAtHome(x))\n\u00ac(Cold(arthritis) \u2295 Have(arthritis, mutation))", "conclusion": "Arthritis is not colorectal cancer.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acColorectalCancer(arthritis)", "label": "True", "example_id": 812} +{"story_id": 320, "premises": "All cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Cancer(x) \u2192 Have(x, mutation))\n\u2200x (Have(x, mutation) \u2192 \u00acCanBeTreatedAtHome(x))\n\u2200x (ColorectalCancer(x) \u2192 Cancer(x))\n\u2200x (Cold(x) \u2192 CanBeTreatedAtHome(x))\n\u00ac(Cold(arthritis) \u2295 Have(arthritis, mutation))", "conclusion": "Arthritis is colorectal cancer or has mutations.", "conclusion-FOL": "ColorectalCancer(arthritis) \u2228 Have(arthritis, mutation)", "label": "False", "example_id": 813} +{"story_id": 320, "premises": "All cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Cancer(x) \u2192 Have(x, mutation))\n\u2200x (Have(x, mutation) \u2192 \u00acCanBeTreatedAtHome(x))\n\u2200x (ColorectalCancer(x) \u2192 Cancer(x))\n\u2200x (Cold(x) \u2192 CanBeTreatedAtHome(x))\n\u00ac(Cold(arthritis) \u2295 Have(arthritis, mutation))", "conclusion": "Arthritis is colorectal cancer and a cancer.", "conclusion-FOL": "ColorectalCancer(arthritisr) \u2227 Cancer(arthritis)", "label": "False", "example_id": 814} +{"story_id": 320, "premises": "All cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Cancer(x) \u2192 Have(x, mutation))\n\u2200x (Have(x, mutation) \u2192 \u00acCanBeTreatedAtHome(x))\n\u2200x (ColorectalCancer(x) \u2192 Cancer(x))\n\u2200x (Cold(x) \u2192 CanBeTreatedAtHome(x))\n\u00ac(Cold(arthritis) \u2295 Have(arthritis, mutation))", "conclusion": "If arthritis is not colorectal cancer, then arthritis has mutations.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acColorectalCancer(arthritis) \u2192 Have(arthritis, mutation)", "label": "False", "example_id": 815} +{"story_id": 303, "premises": "Jerry should not worry about things outside of his control.\nAll traffic is outside of my control.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (OutsideOfControl(x) \u2192 \u00acShouldWorry(jerry, x))\n\u2200x (Traffic(x) \u2192 OutsideControl(x))", "conclusion": "Jerry should not worry about traffic.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acShouldWorry(jerry, traffic)", "label": "True", "example_id": 747} +{"story_id": 113, "premises": "Roversi is an Italian surname.\nAlba Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nPaolo Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nRoberto Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nPaolo Roversi is a photographer.\nA photographer is a professional or an amateur.", "premises-FOL": "ItalianName(roversi) \u2227 Surname(roversi)\nUseAsSurname(albaRoversi, roversi)\nUseAsSurname(paoloRoversi, roversi)\nUseAsSurname(robertoRoversi, roversi)\nPhotographer(paoloRoversi)\n\u2200x (Photographer(x) \u2192 Professional(x) \u2295 Amateur(x))", "conclusion": "Alba Roversi uses an Italian surname.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (ItalianName(x) \u2227 Surname(x) \u2227 UseAsSurname(albaRoversi, x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 341} +{"story_id": 113, "premises": "Roversi is an Italian surname.\nAlba Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nPaolo Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nRoberto Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nPaolo Roversi is a photographer.\nA photographer is a professional or an amateur.", "premises-FOL": "ItalianName(roversi) \u2227 Surname(roversi)\nUseAsSurname(albaRoversi, roversi)\nUseAsSurname(paoloRoversi, roversi)\nUseAsSurname(robertoRoversi, roversi)\nPhotographer(paoloRoversi)\n\u2200x (Photographer(x) \u2192 Professional(x) \u2295 Amateur(x))", "conclusion": "There are no photographers using an Italian surname.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(\u2203x \u2203y (Photographer(x) \u2227 ItalianName(y) \u2227 Surname(y) \u2227 UseAsSurname(x, y)))", "label": "False", "example_id": 342} +{"story_id": 113, "premises": "Roversi is an Italian surname.\nAlba Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nPaolo Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nRoberto Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nPaolo Roversi is a photographer.\nA photographer is a professional or an amateur.", "premises-FOL": "ItalianName(roversi) \u2227 Surname(roversi)\nUseAsSurname(albaRoversi, roversi)\nUseAsSurname(paoloRoversi, roversi)\nUseAsSurname(robertoRoversi, roversi)\nPhotographer(paoloRoversi)\n\u2200x (Photographer(x) \u2192 Professional(x) \u2295 Amateur(x))", "conclusion": "Paolo is an amateur photographer.", "conclusion-FOL": "Amateur(paoloRoversi) \u2227 Photographer(paoloRoversi)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 343} +{"story_id": 237, "premises": "Zaha Hadid is a British-Iraqi architect, artist, and designer.\nZaha Hadid was born on 31 October 1950 in Baghdad, Iraq.\nZaha Hadid was a visiting professor of Architectural Design at the Yale School of Architecture.\nMax is an aspiring architecture student and plans to apply to the Yale School of Architecture. ", "premises-FOL": "British-Iraqi(zahaHadid) \u2227 Architect(zahaHadid) \u2227 Artist(zahaHadid) \u2227 Designer(zahaHadid)\nBornOn(zahaHadid, 31October1950) \u2227 BornIn(zahaHadid, baghdadIraq)\nVisitingProfessorOf(zahaHadid, architecturalDesign) \u2227 VisitingProfessorAt(zahaHadid, yaleSchoolOfArchitecture)\nAspiringArchitectureStudent(max) \u2227 PlansToApplyTo(max, yaleSchoolofArchitecture)", "conclusion": "Zaha Hadid was a citizen of Britain and Iraq.", "conclusion-FOL": "British-Iraqi(zahaHadid)", "label": "True", "example_id": 672} +{"story_id": 237, "premises": "Zaha Hadid is a British-Iraqi architect, artist, and designer.\nZaha Hadid was born on 31 October 1950 in Baghdad, Iraq.\nZaha Hadid was a visiting professor of Architectural Design at the Yale School of Architecture.\nMax is an aspiring architecture student and plans to apply to the Yale School of Architecture. ", "premises-FOL": "British-Iraqi(zahaHadid) \u2227 Architect(zahaHadid) \u2227 Artist(zahaHadid) \u2227 Designer(zahaHadid)\nBornOn(zahaHadid, 31October1950) \u2227 BornIn(zahaHadid, baghdadIraq)\nVisitingProfessorOf(zahaHadid, architecturalDesign) \u2227 VisitingProfessorAt(zahaHadid, yaleSchoolOfArchitecture)\nAspiringArchitectureStudent(max) \u2227 PlansToApplyTo(max, yaleSchoolofArchitecture)", "conclusion": "Zaha Hadid did some work in interior design.", "conclusion-FOL": "DidWorkIn(zahaHadid, interiorDesign)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 673} +{"story_id": 237, "premises": "Zaha Hadid is a British-Iraqi architect, artist, and designer.\nZaha Hadid was born on 31 October 1950 in Baghdad, Iraq.\nZaha Hadid was a visiting professor of Architectural Design at the Yale School of Architecture.\nMax is an aspiring architecture student and plans to apply to the Yale School of Architecture. ", "premises-FOL": "British-Iraqi(zahaHadid) \u2227 Architect(zahaHadid) \u2227 Artist(zahaHadid) \u2227 Designer(zahaHadid)\nBornOn(zahaHadid, 31October1950) \u2227 BornIn(zahaHadid, baghdadIraq)\nVisitingProfessorOf(zahaHadid, architecturalDesign) \u2227 VisitingProfessorAt(zahaHadid, yaleSchoolOfArchitecture)\nAspiringArchitectureStudent(max) \u2227 PlansToApplyTo(max, yaleSchoolofArchitecture)", "conclusion": "Zaha Hadid was born on the 31st of October in 1982.", "conclusion-FOL": "BornOn(zahaHadid, 31October1950)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 674} +{"story_id": 237, "premises": "Zaha Hadid is a British-Iraqi architect, artist, and designer.\nZaha Hadid was born on 31 October 1950 in Baghdad, Iraq.\nZaha Hadid was a visiting professor of Architectural Design at the Yale School of Architecture.\nMax is an aspiring architecture student and plans to apply to the Yale School of Architecture. ", "premises-FOL": "British-Iraqi(zahaHadid) \u2227 Architect(zahaHadid) \u2227 Artist(zahaHadid) \u2227 Designer(zahaHadid)\nBornOn(zahaHadid, 31October1950) \u2227 BornIn(zahaHadid, baghdadIraq)\nVisitingProfessorOf(zahaHadid, architecturalDesign) \u2227 VisitingProfessorAt(zahaHadid, yaleSchoolOfArchitecture)\nAspiringArchitectureStudent(max) \u2227 PlansToApplyTo(max, yaleSchoolofArchitecture)", "conclusion": "Max admires Zaha Hadid.", "conclusion-FOL": "Admires(max, zahaHadid)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 675} +{"story_id": 396, "premises": "A neuroimaging technique is either an invasive neuroimaging technique or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique. \nAll noninvasive neuroimaging techniques provide a spatial resolution of brains.\nIf a technique provides a spatial resolution of brains, then it is a measurement of brain activity. \nAll measurements of brain activity are used by neuroscience researchers.\nFMRI is either a measurement of brain activity or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique.\nFMRI is a neuroimaging technique.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (NeuroimagingTechnique(x) \u2192 (Invasive(x) \u2295 Noninvasive(x))) \n\u2200x (Noninvasive(x) \u2192 Provides(x, spatialResolutionOfBrains))\n\u2200x (Provides(x, spatialResolutionOfBrains) \u2192 Measure(x, brainActivity))\n\u2200x (Measure(x, brainActivity) \u2192 UsedBy(x, neuroscienceResearchers))\nMeasure(fMRI, brainActivity) \u2295 Noninvasive(fMRI)\nNeuroimagingTechnique(fMRI)", "conclusion": "FMRI provides a spatial resolution of brains.", "conclusion-FOL": "Provides(fMRI, spatialResolutionOfBrains)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1076} +{"story_id": 396, "premises": "A neuroimaging technique is either an invasive neuroimaging technique or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique. \nAll noninvasive neuroimaging techniques provide a spatial resolution of brains.\nIf a technique provides a spatial resolution of brains, then it is a measurement of brain activity. \nAll measurements of brain activity are used by neuroscience researchers.\nFMRI is either a measurement of brain activity or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique.\nFMRI is a neuroimaging technique.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (NeuroimagingTechnique(x) \u2192 (Invasive(x) \u2295 Noninvasive(x))) \n\u2200x (Noninvasive(x) \u2192 Provides(x, spatialResolutionOfBrains))\n\u2200x (Provides(x, spatialResolutionOfBrains) \u2192 Measure(x, brainActivity))\n\u2200x (Measure(x, brainActivity) \u2192 UsedBy(x, neuroscienceResearchers))\nMeasure(fMRI, brainActivity) \u2295 Noninvasive(fMRI)\nNeuroimagingTechnique(fMRI)", "conclusion": "FMRI is an invasive neuroimaging technique and is used by neuroscience researchers.", "conclusion-FOL": "Invasive(fMRI) \u2227 UsedBy(fMRI, neuroscienceResearchers)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1077} +{"story_id": 396, "premises": "A neuroimaging technique is either an invasive neuroimaging technique or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique. \nAll noninvasive neuroimaging techniques provide a spatial resolution of brains.\nIf a technique provides a spatial resolution of brains, then it is a measurement of brain activity. \nAll measurements of brain activity are used by neuroscience researchers.\nFMRI is either a measurement of brain activity or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique.\nFMRI is a neuroimaging technique.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (NeuroimagingTechnique(x) \u2192 (Invasive(x) \u2295 Noninvasive(x))) \n\u2200x (Noninvasive(x) \u2192 Provides(x, spatialResolutionOfBrains))\n\u2200x (Provides(x, spatialResolutionOfBrains) \u2192 Measure(x, brainActivity))\n\u2200x (Measure(x, brainActivity) \u2192 UsedBy(x, neuroscienceResearchers))\nMeasure(fMRI, brainActivity) \u2295 Noninvasive(fMRI)\nNeuroimagingTechnique(fMRI)", "conclusion": "FMRI is either an invasive neuroimaging technique or is used by neuroscience researchers.", "conclusion-FOL": "Invasive(fMRI) \u2295 UsedBy(fMRI, neuroscienceResearchers)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1078} +{"story_id": 396, "premises": "A neuroimaging technique is either an invasive neuroimaging technique or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique. \nAll noninvasive neuroimaging techniques provide a spatial resolution of brains.\nIf a technique provides a spatial resolution of brains, then it is a measurement of brain activity. \nAll measurements of brain activity are used by neuroscience researchers.\nFMRI is either a measurement of brain activity or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique.\nFMRI is a neuroimaging technique.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (NeuroimagingTechnique(x) \u2192 (Invasive(x) \u2295 Noninvasive(x))) \n\u2200x (Noninvasive(x) \u2192 Provides(x, spatialResolutionOfBrains))\n\u2200x (Provides(x, spatialResolutionOfBrains) \u2192 Measure(x, brainActivity))\n\u2200x (Measure(x, brainActivity) \u2192 UsedBy(x, neuroscienceResearchers))\nMeasure(fMRI, brainActivity) \u2295 Noninvasive(fMRI)\nNeuroimagingTechnique(fMRI)", "conclusion": "If fMRI is not an invasive neuroimaging technique used by neuroscience researchers, then fMRI is neither a noninvasive neuroimaging technique nor provides a spatial resolution of brains.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Invasive(fMRI) \u2227 UsedBy(fMRI, neuroscienceResearchers)) \u2192 \u00ac(Noninvasive(fMRI) \u2228 Provides(fMRI, spatialResolutionOfBrains))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1079} +{"story_id": 437, "premises": "Researchers present their work at the conference or provide a tutorial session there.\nEveryone who presents their work at the conference will attend in person. \nEveryone providing a tutorial session at the conference will be invited to join the club. \nEveryone who attends the conference in person is provided with souvenirs. \nEveryone invited to join the club is provided with delicious meals. \nEveryone provided with delicious meals is happy to communicate with each other during the dinner. \nEveryone who is provided with delicious meals is invited to take a photo with the audience. \nIt is not true that James both attended the conference in person and was provided with souvenirs.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (PresentWorkAt(x, conference) \u2295 ProvideAt(x, tutorialSession, conference))\n\u2200x (PresentWorkAt(x, conference) \u2192 AttendInPerson(x, conference))\n\u2200x (ProvideSessionAt(x, tutorial, conference) \u2192 InvitedToJoin(x, club))\n\u2200x (AttendInPerson(x, conference) \u2192 ProvidedWith(x, souvenir))\n\u2200x (InvitedToJoin(x, club) \u2192 ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal))\n\u2200x (ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal) \u2227 ProvidedWith(y, deliciousMeal) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=x) \u2227 \u00ac(z=x) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringTheDinner(x, y) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringTheDinner(x, z)))\n\u2200x (ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal) \u2192 InvitedToTakePhotoWith(x, audience))\n\u00ac(AttendInPerson(james, conference) \u2227 ProvidedWith(x, souvenir))", "conclusion": "James is provided with souvenirs.", "conclusion-FOL": "ProvidedWith(james, souvenir)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1253} +{"story_id": 437, "premises": "Researchers present their work at the conference or provide a tutorial session there.\nEveryone who presents their work at the conference will attend in person. \nEveryone providing a tutorial session at the conference will be invited to join the club. \nEveryone who attends the conference in person is provided with souvenirs. \nEveryone invited to join the club is provided with delicious meals. \nEveryone provided with delicious meals is happy to communicate with each other during the dinner. \nEveryone who is provided with delicious meals is invited to take a photo with the audience. \nIt is not true that James both attended the conference in person and was provided with souvenirs.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (PresentWorkAt(x, conference) \u2295 ProvideAt(x, tutorialSession, conference))\n\u2200x (PresentWorkAt(x, conference) \u2192 AttendInPerson(x, conference))\n\u2200x (ProvideSessionAt(x, tutorial, conference) \u2192 InvitedToJoin(x, club))\n\u2200x (AttendInPerson(x, conference) \u2192 ProvidedWith(x, souvenir))\n\u2200x (InvitedToJoin(x, club) \u2192 ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal))\n\u2200x (ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal) \u2227 ProvidedWith(y, deliciousMeal) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=x) \u2227 \u00ac(z=x) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringTheDinner(x, y) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringTheDinner(x, z)))\n\u2200x (ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal) \u2192 InvitedToTakePhotoWith(x, audience))\n\u00ac(AttendInPerson(james, conference) \u2227 ProvidedWith(x, souvenir))", "conclusion": "James is not provided with souvenirs.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acProvidedWith(x, souvenir)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1254} +{"story_id": 437, "premises": "Researchers present their work at the conference or provide a tutorial session there.\nEveryone who presents their work at the conference will attend in person. \nEveryone providing a tutorial session at the conference will be invited to join the club. \nEveryone who attends the conference in person is provided with souvenirs. \nEveryone invited to join the club is provided with delicious meals. \nEveryone provided with delicious meals is happy to communicate with each other during the dinner. \nEveryone who is provided with delicious meals is invited to take a photo with the audience. \nIt is not true that James both attended the conference in person and was provided with souvenirs.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (PresentWorkAt(x, conference) \u2295 ProvideAt(x, tutorialSession, conference))\n\u2200x (PresentWorkAt(x, conference) \u2192 AttendInPerson(x, conference))\n\u2200x (ProvideSessionAt(x, tutorial, conference) \u2192 InvitedToJoin(x, club))\n\u2200x (AttendInPerson(x, conference) \u2192 ProvidedWith(x, souvenir))\n\u2200x (InvitedToJoin(x, club) \u2192 ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal))\n\u2200x (ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal) \u2227 ProvidedWith(y, deliciousMeal) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=x) \u2227 \u00ac(z=x) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringTheDinner(x, y) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringTheDinner(x, z)))\n\u2200x (ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal) \u2192 InvitedToTakePhotoWith(x, audience))\n\u00ac(AttendInPerson(james, conference) \u2227 ProvidedWith(x, souvenir))", "conclusion": "James is invited to take a photo with the audience and is happy to communicate with other guests at the dinner.", "conclusion-FOL": "InvitedToTakePhotoWith(james, audience) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=james) \u2227 \u00ac(z=james) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringTheDinner(james, y) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringDinner(james, z)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1255} +{"story_id": 437, "premises": "Researchers present their work at the conference or provide a tutorial session there.\nEveryone who presents their work at the conference will attend in person. \nEveryone providing a tutorial session at the conference will be invited to join the club. \nEveryone who attends the conference in person is provided with souvenirs. \nEveryone invited to join the club is provided with delicious meals. \nEveryone provided with delicious meals is happy to communicate with each other during the dinner. \nEveryone who is provided with delicious meals is invited to take a photo with the audience. \nIt is not true that James both attended the conference in person and was provided with souvenirs.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (PresentWorkAt(x, conference) \u2295 ProvideAt(x, tutorialSession, conference))\n\u2200x (PresentWorkAt(x, conference) \u2192 AttendInPerson(x, conference))\n\u2200x (ProvideSessionAt(x, tutorial, conference) \u2192 InvitedToJoin(x, club))\n\u2200x (AttendInPerson(x, conference) \u2192 ProvidedWith(x, souvenir))\n\u2200x (InvitedToJoin(x, club) \u2192 ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal))\n\u2200x (ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal) \u2227 ProvidedWith(y, deliciousMeal) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=x) \u2227 \u00ac(z=x) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringTheDinner(x, y) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringTheDinner(x, z)))\n\u2200x (ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal) \u2192 InvitedToTakePhotoWith(x, audience))\n\u00ac(AttendInPerson(james, conference) \u2227 ProvidedWith(x, souvenir))", "conclusion": "James is invited to take a photo with the audience or is happy to communicate with other guests(?) during the dinner.", "conclusion-FOL": "InvitedToTakePhotoWith(james, audience) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=james) \u2227 \u00ac(z=james) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringTheDinner(james, y) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringDinner(james, z)))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1256} +{"story_id": 437, "premises": "Researchers present their work at the conference or provide a tutorial session there.\nEveryone who presents their work at the conference will attend in person. \nEveryone providing a tutorial session at the conference will be invited to join the club. \nEveryone who attends the conference in person is provided with souvenirs. \nEveryone invited to join the club is provided with delicious meals. \nEveryone provided with delicious meals is happy to communicate with each other during the dinner. \nEveryone who is provided with delicious meals is invited to take a photo with the audience. \nIt is not true that James both attended the conference in person and was provided with souvenirs.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (PresentWorkAt(x, conference) \u2295 ProvideAt(x, tutorialSession, conference))\n\u2200x (PresentWorkAt(x, conference) \u2192 AttendInPerson(x, conference))\n\u2200x (ProvideSessionAt(x, tutorial, conference) \u2192 InvitedToJoin(x, club))\n\u2200x (AttendInPerson(x, conference) \u2192 ProvidedWith(x, souvenir))\n\u2200x (InvitedToJoin(x, club) \u2192 ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal))\n\u2200x (ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal) \u2227 ProvidedWith(y, deliciousMeal) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=x) \u2227 \u00ac(z=x) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringTheDinner(x, y) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringTheDinner(x, z)))\n\u2200x (ProvidedWith(x, deliciousMeal) \u2192 InvitedToTakePhotoWith(x, audience))\n\u00ac(AttendInPerson(james, conference) \u2227 ProvidedWith(x, souvenir))", "conclusion": "James is either invited to take a photo with the audience or happy to communicate with other guests(?) during the dinner.", "conclusion-FOL": "InvitedToTakePhotoWith(james, audience) \u2192 \u2203y \u2203z (\u00ac(y=james) \u2227 \u00ac(z=james) \u2227 \u00ac(y=z) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringTheDinner(james, y) \u2227 HappyToCommunicateWithDuringDinner(james, z)))", "label": "False", "example_id": 1257} +{"story_id": 14, "premises": "The USS Salem is a heavy cruiser built for the United States Navy.\nThe last heavy cruiser to enter service was the USS Salem.\nThe USS Salem is a museum ship.\nMuseum ships are open to the public.\nThe USS Salem served in the Atlantic and Mediterranean.", "premises-FOL": "HeavyCruiser(usssalem) \u2227 BuiltFor(usssalem, unitedstatesnavy)\nLastHeavyCruiserToEnterService(usssalem)\nMuseumShip(usssalem)\n\u2200x (MuseumShip(x) \u2192 OpenToPublic(x))\nServedIn(usssalem, atlantic) \u2227 ServedIn(usssalem, mediterranean)", "conclusion": "The USS Salem is open to the public.", "conclusion-FOL": "OpenToPublic(usssalem)", "label": "True", "example_id": 38} +{"story_id": 14, "premises": "The USS Salem is a heavy cruiser built for the United States Navy.\nThe last heavy cruiser to enter service was the USS Salem.\nThe USS Salem is a museum ship.\nMuseum ships are open to the public.\nThe USS Salem served in the Atlantic and Mediterranean.", "premises-FOL": "HeavyCruiser(usssalem) \u2227 BuiltFor(usssalem, unitedstatesnavy)\nLastHeavyCruiserToEnterService(usssalem)\nMuseumShip(usssalem)\n\u2200x (MuseumShip(x) \u2192 OpenToPublic(x))\nServedIn(usssalem, atlantic) \u2227 ServedIn(usssalem, mediterranean)", "conclusion": "There is a museum ship open to the public that served in the Mediterranean.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (MuseumShip(x) \u2227 OpenToPublic(x) \u2227 ServedIn(x, mediterranean))", "label": "True", "example_id": 39} +{"story_id": 14, "premises": "The USS Salem is a heavy cruiser built for the United States Navy.\nThe last heavy cruiser to enter service was the USS Salem.\nThe USS Salem is a museum ship.\nMuseum ships are open to the public.\nThe USS Salem served in the Atlantic and Mediterranean.", "premises-FOL": "HeavyCruiser(usssalem) \u2227 BuiltFor(usssalem, unitedstatesnavy)\nLastHeavyCruiserToEnterService(usssalem)\nMuseumShip(usssalem)\n\u2200x (MuseumShip(x) \u2192 OpenToPublic(x))\nServedIn(usssalem, atlantic) \u2227 ServedIn(usssalem, mediterranean)", "conclusion": "The USS Salem was not the last heavy cruiser to enter service.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acLastHeavyCruiserToEnterService(usssalem)", "label": "False", "example_id": 40} +{"story_id": 141, "premises": "TS Leda was a good passenger and cargo vessel.\nTS Leda was a Norwegian vessel that was built with stabilizers.\nStabilizers are mechanical devices found only on ships with powerful steam turbine engines.\nTo be a good passenger and cargo vessel, ships must be quiet and good at sea.\nSome ships that are quiet and good at sea have powerful steam turbine engines.\nVessels are ships.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (TSLeda(x) \u2192 ((Passenger(x) \u2227 Vessel(x)) \u2227 (Cargo(x) \u2227 Vessel(x)))\n\u2200x (TSLeda(x) \u2192 (Norweigian(x) \u2227 Vessel(x) \u2227 Stabilizers(x)))\n\u2200x (Stabilizers(x) \u2192 MechanicalDevice(x) \u2227 OnlyOnShips(x) \u2227 PowerfulSteamTurbine(x))\n\u2200x ((Passenger(x) \u2227 Vessel(x)) \u2227 (Cargo(x) \u2227 Vessel(x)) \u2192 (Quiet(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, sea)))\n\u2203x (Quiet(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, sea) \u2227 PowerfulSteamTurbine(x))\n\u2200x (Ship(x) \u2192 Vessel(x))", "conclusion": "TS Leda was quiet and good at sea.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (TSLeda(x) \u2192 Quiet(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, sea))", "label": "True", "example_id": 413} +{"story_id": 141, "premises": "TS Leda was a good passenger and cargo vessel.\nTS Leda was a Norwegian vessel that was built with stabilizers.\nStabilizers are mechanical devices found only on ships with powerful steam turbine engines.\nTo be a good passenger and cargo vessel, ships must be quiet and good at sea.\nSome ships that are quiet and good at sea have powerful steam turbine engines.\nVessels are ships.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (TSLeda(x) \u2192 ((Passenger(x) \u2227 Vessel(x)) \u2227 (Cargo(x) \u2227 Vessel(x)))\n\u2200x (TSLeda(x) \u2192 (Norweigian(x) \u2227 Vessel(x) \u2227 Stabilizers(x)))\n\u2200x (Stabilizers(x) \u2192 MechanicalDevice(x) \u2227 OnlyOnShips(x) \u2227 PowerfulSteamTurbine(x))\n\u2200x ((Passenger(x) \u2227 Vessel(x)) \u2227 (Cargo(x) \u2227 Vessel(x)) \u2192 (Quiet(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, sea)))\n\u2203x (Quiet(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, sea) \u2227 PowerfulSteamTurbine(x))\n\u2200x (Ship(x) \u2192 Vessel(x))", "conclusion": "TS Leda had powerful steam turbine engines.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (TSLeda(x) \u2192 PowerfulSteamTurbine(x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 414} +{"story_id": 141, "premises": "TS Leda was a good passenger and cargo vessel.\nTS Leda was a Norwegian vessel that was built with stabilizers.\nStabilizers are mechanical devices found only on ships with powerful steam turbine engines.\nTo be a good passenger and cargo vessel, ships must be quiet and good at sea.\nSome ships that are quiet and good at sea have powerful steam turbine engines.\nVessels are ships.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (TSLeda(x) \u2192 ((Passenger(x) \u2227 Vessel(x)) \u2227 (Cargo(x) \u2227 Vessel(x)))\n\u2200x (TSLeda(x) \u2192 (Norweigian(x) \u2227 Vessel(x) \u2227 Stabilizers(x)))\n\u2200x (Stabilizers(x) \u2192 MechanicalDevice(x) \u2227 OnlyOnShips(x) \u2227 PowerfulSteamTurbine(x))\n\u2200x ((Passenger(x) \u2227 Vessel(x)) \u2227 (Cargo(x) \u2227 Vessel(x)) \u2192 (Quiet(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, sea)))\n\u2203x (Quiet(x) \u2227 GoodAt(x, sea) \u2227 PowerfulSteamTurbine(x))\n\u2200x (Ship(x) \u2192 Vessel(x))", "conclusion": "TS Leda was not a Norwegian vessel.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (TSLeda(x) \u2192 \u00ac(Norweigian(x) \u2227 Vessel(x)))", "label": "False", "example_id": 415} +{"story_id": 194, "premises": "Rosa was born in Santiago. \nSantiago is the capital and largest city of Chile.\nRosa is the daughter of a Catalan building contractor, Jose.\nJose has a Chilean wife, Carmen.\nCarmen and Jose are Rosa's parents.\nPeople from Catalan are not from Chile.\nA building contractor is responsible for the day-to-day oversight of a construction site. ", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(rosa, santiago)\nCapitalOf(santiago, chile) \u2227 LargestCityOf(santiago, chile)\nDaughterOf(rosa, jose) \u2227 BuildingContractor(jose) \u2227 Catalan(jose)\nWifeOf(jose, carmen) \u2227 Chilean(carmen)\nParentOf(jose, rosa) \u2227 ParentOf(carmen, rosa)\n\u2200x (Catalan(x) \u2192 \u00acChilean(x))\n\u2200x \u2203y (BuildingContractor(x) \u2192 ConstructionSite(y) \u2227 Oversee(x, y))", "conclusion": "Rosa was born in the largest city of Chile.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (BornIn(rosa, x) \u2227 LargestCityOf(x, chile))", "label": "True", "example_id": 552} +{"story_id": 194, "premises": "Rosa was born in Santiago. \nSantiago is the capital and largest city of Chile.\nRosa is the daughter of a Catalan building contractor, Jose.\nJose has a Chilean wife, Carmen.\nCarmen and Jose are Rosa's parents.\nPeople from Catalan are not from Chile.\nA building contractor is responsible for the day-to-day oversight of a construction site. ", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(rosa, santiago)\nCapitalOf(santiago, chile) \u2227 LargestCityOf(santiago, chile)\nDaughterOf(rosa, jose) \u2227 BuildingContractor(jose) \u2227 Catalan(jose)\nWifeOf(jose, carmen) \u2227 Chilean(carmen)\nParentOf(jose, rosa) \u2227 ParentOf(carmen, rosa)\n\u2200x (Catalan(x) \u2192 \u00acChilean(x))\n\u2200x \u2203y (BuildingContractor(x) \u2192 ConstructionSite(y) \u2227 Oversee(x, y))", "conclusion": "Neither of Rosa's parents is Chilean.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acChilean(jose) \u2227 \u00acChilean(carmen)", "label": "False", "example_id": 553} +{"story_id": 194, "premises": "Rosa was born in Santiago. \nSantiago is the capital and largest city of Chile.\nRosa is the daughter of a Catalan building contractor, Jose.\nJose has a Chilean wife, Carmen.\nCarmen and Jose are Rosa's parents.\nPeople from Catalan are not from Chile.\nA building contractor is responsible for the day-to-day oversight of a construction site. ", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(rosa, santiago)\nCapitalOf(santiago, chile) \u2227 LargestCityOf(santiago, chile)\nDaughterOf(rosa, jose) \u2227 BuildingContractor(jose) \u2227 Catalan(jose)\nWifeOf(jose, carmen) \u2227 Chilean(carmen)\nParentOf(jose, rosa) \u2227 ParentOf(carmen, rosa)\n\u2200x (Catalan(x) \u2192 \u00acChilean(x))\n\u2200x \u2203y (BuildingContractor(x) \u2192 ConstructionSite(y) \u2227 Oversee(x, y))", "conclusion": "Rosa is the daughter of someone who is responsible for the oversight of traffic.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (DaughterOf(rosa, x) \u2227 Oversee(x, traffic))", "label": "True", "example_id": 554} +{"story_id": 36, "premises": "Tyga is a rapper.\nRappers release rap albums.\nTyga released the Well Done 3 album.\nRappers are not opera singers.", "premises-FOL": "IsRapper(tyga)\n\u2200x \u2200y ((IsRapper(x) \u2227 ReleasedAlbum(x, y)) \u2192 IsRapAlbum(y))\nReleasedAlbum(tyga, wellDone3)\n\u2200x (IsRapper(x) \u2192 \u00acIsOperaSinger(x))", "conclusion": "Well Done 3 is a rap album.", "conclusion-FOL": "IsRapAlbum(wellDone3)", "label": "True", "example_id": 104} +{"story_id": 36, "premises": "Tyga is a rapper.\nRappers release rap albums.\nTyga released the Well Done 3 album.\nRappers are not opera singers.", "premises-FOL": "IsRapper(tyga)\n\u2200x \u2200y ((IsRapper(x) \u2227 ReleasedAlbum(x, y)) \u2192 IsRapAlbum(y))\nReleasedAlbum(tyga, wellDone3)\n\u2200x (IsRapper(x) \u2192 \u00acIsOperaSinger(x))", "conclusion": "Tyga is an opera singer.", "conclusion-FOL": "IsOperaSinger(tyga)", "label": "False", "example_id": 105} +{"story_id": 36, "premises": "Tyga is a rapper.\nRappers release rap albums.\nTyga released the Well Done 3 album.\nRappers are not opera singers.", "premises-FOL": "IsRapper(tyga)\n\u2200x \u2200y ((IsRapper(x) \u2227 ReleasedAlbum(x, y)) \u2192 IsRapAlbum(y))\nReleasedAlbum(tyga, wellDone3)\n\u2200x (IsRapper(x) \u2192 \u00acIsOperaSinger(x))", "conclusion": "Well Done 3 is worth listening to.", "conclusion-FOL": "IsWorthListening(wellDone3)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 106} +{"story_id": 97, "premises": "Deborah Wallace is a Scottish-born actress, playwright, and producer.\nPsyche is a play based on the life of James Miranda Barry.\nHomesick, Psyche and The Void are plays by Deborah Wallace.\nDeborah Wallace co-produced Gasland.", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(deborahWallace, scotland) \u2227 Actress(deborahWallace) \u2227 Playwright(deborahWallace) \u2227 Producer(deborahWallace)\nPlay(psyche) \u2227 BasedOn(psyche, lifeOfJamesMirandaBarry)\nPlay(homesick) \u2227 WrittenBy(homesick, deborahWallace) \u2227 Play(psyche) \u2227 WrittenBy(psyche, deborahWallace) \u2227 Play(theVoid) \u2227 WrittenBy(theVoid, deborahWallace)\nCoProduce(deborahWallace, gasland)", "conclusion": "Gasland was coproduced by the same person Homesick was from.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (CoProduces(x, gasland) \u2227 WrittenBy(homesick, x))", "label": "True", "example_id": 292} +{"story_id": 97, "premises": "Deborah Wallace is a Scottish-born actress, playwright, and producer.\nPsyche is a play based on the life of James Miranda Barry.\nHomesick, Psyche and The Void are plays by Deborah Wallace.\nDeborah Wallace co-produced Gasland.", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(deborahWallace, scotland) \u2227 Actress(deborahWallace) \u2227 Playwright(deborahWallace) \u2227 Producer(deborahWallace)\nPlay(psyche) \u2227 BasedOn(psyche, lifeOfJamesMirandaBarry)\nPlay(homesick) \u2227 WrittenBy(homesick, deborahWallace) \u2227 Play(psyche) \u2227 WrittenBy(psyche, deborahWallace) \u2227 Play(theVoid) \u2227 WrittenBy(theVoid, deborahWallace)\nCoProduce(deborahWallace, gasland)", "conclusion": "No plays by Deborah Wallace are based on the life of James Miranda Barry.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2200x (Play(x) \u2227 WrittenBy(x, deborahwallace) \u2192 \u00acBasedOn(x, lifeofjamesmirandabarry))", "label": "False", "example_id": 293} +{"story_id": 97, "premises": "Deborah Wallace is a Scottish-born actress, playwright, and producer.\nPsyche is a play based on the life of James Miranda Barry.\nHomesick, Psyche and The Void are plays by Deborah Wallace.\nDeborah Wallace co-produced Gasland.", "premises-FOL": "BornIn(deborahWallace, scotland) \u2227 Actress(deborahWallace) \u2227 Playwright(deborahWallace) \u2227 Producer(deborahWallace)\nPlay(psyche) \u2227 BasedOn(psyche, lifeOfJamesMirandaBarry)\nPlay(homesick) \u2227 WrittenBy(homesick, deborahWallace) \u2227 Play(psyche) \u2227 WrittenBy(psyche, deborahWallace) \u2227 Play(theVoid) \u2227 WrittenBy(theVoid, deborahWallace)\nCoProduce(deborahWallace, gasland)", "conclusion": "Gasland is a play.", "conclusion-FOL": "Play(gasland)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 294} +{"story_id": 449, "premises": "Animals who need large territory travel far.\nEvery animal that eats a lot needs a large territory.\nIf something is a big animal, then it will eat a lot.\nBears are big animals.\nLarry is a big animal.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2227 Need(x, largeTerritory) \u2192 TravelFar(x))\n\u2200x (EatALot(x) \u2192 Need(x, largeTerritory))\n\u2200x (Big(x) \u2227 Animal(x) \u2192 EatALot(x))\n\u2200x (Bear(x) \u2192 Big(x) \u2227 Animal(x))\nBig(larry) \u2227 Animal(larry)", "conclusion": "Larry is a bear.", "conclusion-FOL": "Bear(larry)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1292} +{"story_id": 449, "premises": "Animals who need large territory travel far.\nEvery animal that eats a lot needs a large territory.\nIf something is a big animal, then it will eat a lot.\nBears are big animals.\nLarry is a big animal.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2227 Need(x, largeTerritory) \u2192 TravelFar(x))\n\u2200x (EatALot(x) \u2192 Need(x, largeTerritory))\n\u2200x (Big(x) \u2227 Animal(x) \u2192 EatALot(x))\n\u2200x (Bear(x) \u2192 Big(x) \u2227 Animal(x))\nBig(larry) \u2227 Animal(larry)", "conclusion": "Larry is not a bear and does not travel far.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acBear(larry) \u2227 \u00acTravelFar(larry)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1293} +{"story_id": 449, "premises": "Animals who need large territory travel far.\nEvery animal that eats a lot needs a large territory.\nIf something is a big animal, then it will eat a lot.\nBears are big animals.\nLarry is a big animal.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (Animal(x) \u2227 Need(x, largeTerritory) \u2192 TravelFar(x))\n\u2200x (EatALot(x) \u2192 Need(x, largeTerritory))\n\u2200x (Big(x) \u2227 Animal(x) \u2192 EatALot(x))\n\u2200x (Bear(x) \u2192 Big(x) \u2227 Animal(x))\nBig(larry) \u2227 Animal(larry)", "conclusion": "If Larry either travels far or needs a large territory, then Larry is a bear.", "conclusion-FOL": "TravelFar(larry) \u2295 Need(larry, largeTerritory) \u2192 Bear(larry)", "label": "True", "example_id": 1294} +{"story_id": 461, "premises": "Any convicted criminal that is innocent is not truly guilty.\nAll convicted criminals who did not commit a crime are truly innocent.\nAll convicted criminals are truly guilty or found guilty.\nIf a convicted criminal is found guilty, then they are sentenced to a punishment.\nIf a convicted criminal is found guilty, then they can argue against their punishment.\nGarry is a convicted criminal who not found guilty or is sentenced to punishment.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 Innocent(x) \u2192 \u00acTrulyGuilty(x))\n\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 \u00acCommitCrime(x) \u2192 Innocent(x))\n\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 (TrulyGuilty(x) \u2228 FoundGuilty(x)))\n\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 FoundGuilty(x) \u2192 SentencedToPunishment(x))\n\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 FoundGuilty(x) \u2192 CanArgueAgainst(x, punishment))\nConvictedCriminal(garry) \u2227 (\u00ac(FoundGuilty(garry) \u2228 SentencedToPunishment(garry)))", "conclusion": "Garry is sentenced to a punishment.", "conclusion-FOL": "SentencedToPunishment(garry)", "label": "Uncertain", "example_id": 1330} +{"story_id": 461, "premises": "Any convicted criminal that is innocent is not truly guilty.\nAll convicted criminals who did not commit a crime are truly innocent.\nAll convicted criminals are truly guilty or found guilty.\nIf a convicted criminal is found guilty, then they are sentenced to a punishment.\nIf a convicted criminal is found guilty, then they can argue against their punishment.\nGarry is a convicted criminal who not found guilty or is sentenced to punishment.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 Innocent(x) \u2192 \u00acTrulyGuilty(x))\n\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 \u00acCommitCrime(x) \u2192 Innocent(x))\n\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 (TrulyGuilty(x) \u2228 FoundGuilty(x)))\n\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 FoundGuilty(x) \u2192 SentencedToPunishment(x))\n\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 FoundGuilty(x) \u2192 CanArgueAgainst(x, punishment))\nConvictedCriminal(garry) \u2227 (\u00ac(FoundGuilty(garry) \u2228 SentencedToPunishment(garry)))", "conclusion": "Garry did not commit a crime and can argue against his punishment.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00acCommitCrime(garry) \u2227 CanArgueAgainst(garry, punishment)", "label": "False", "example_id": 1331} +{"story_id": 461, "premises": "Any convicted criminal that is innocent is not truly guilty.\nAll convicted criminals who did not commit a crime are truly innocent.\nAll convicted criminals are truly guilty or found guilty.\nIf a convicted criminal is found guilty, then they are sentenced to a punishment.\nIf a convicted criminal is found guilty, then they can argue against their punishment.\nGarry is a convicted criminal who not found guilty or is sentenced to punishment.", "premises-FOL": "\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 Innocent(x) \u2192 \u00acTrulyGuilty(x))\n\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 \u00acCommitCrime(x) \u2192 Innocent(x))\n\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 (TrulyGuilty(x) \u2228 FoundGuilty(x)))\n\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 FoundGuilty(x) \u2192 SentencedToPunishment(x))\n\u2200x (ConvictedCriminal(x) \u2227 FoundGuilty(x) \u2192 CanArgueAgainst(x, punishment))\nConvictedCriminal(garry) \u2227 (\u00ac(FoundGuilty(garry) \u2228 SentencedToPunishment(garry)))", "conclusion": "Garry is not both innocent and someone who did not commit a crime.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u00ac(Innocent(garry) \u2227 \u00acCommitCrime(garry))", "label": "True", "example_id": 1332} +{"story_id": 136, "premises": "Phoneix's music is classified under the indie pop genre.\nPhoenix is a band from France.\nFrench bands write songs in French or in English.\nAside from indie pop, pop rock and synth-pop are two other genres of music.\nPhoenix has no songs in French.", "premises-FOL": "IndiePop(phoenix)\nBand(phoenix) \u2227 From(phoenix, france)\n\u2200x \u2203y (Band(x) \u2227 From(x, france) \u2227 Write(x, y) \u2227 Song(y) \u2192 InFrench(y) \u2295 InEnglish(y))\n\u2200x (IndiePop(x) \u2192 \u00acPopRock(x) \u2227 \u00acSynthPop(x))\n\u2200x (Song(x) \u2227 By(phoenix, x) \u2192 \u00acInFrench(x))", "conclusion": "Phoneix's music is classified under the pop rock genre.", "conclusion-FOL": "PopRock(phoenix)", "label": "False", "example_id": 400} +{"story_id": 136, "premises": "Phoneix's music is classified under the indie pop genre.\nPhoenix is a band from France.\nFrench bands write songs in French or in English.\nAside from indie pop, pop rock and synth-pop are two other genres of music.\nPhoenix has no songs in French.", "premises-FOL": "IndiePop(phoenix)\nBand(phoenix) \u2227 From(phoenix, france)\n\u2200x \u2203y (Band(x) \u2227 From(x, france) \u2227 Write(x, y) \u2227 Song(y) \u2192 InFrench(y) \u2295 InEnglish(y))\n\u2200x (IndiePop(x) \u2192 \u00acPopRock(x) \u2227 \u00acSynthPop(x))\n\u2200x (Song(x) \u2227 By(phoenix, x) \u2192 \u00acInFrench(x))", "conclusion": "Phoenix writes songs in French.", "conclusion-FOL": "\u2203x (Write(phoenix, y) \u2227 Song(x) \u2192 InFrench(x))", "label": "False", "example_id": 401} diff --git a/data/folio_v2_train_processed.json b/data/folio_v2_train_processed.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..f9c55d4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/folio_v2_train_processed.json @@ -0,0 +1,6095 @@ +[ + { + "id": "folio_1126", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll people who regularly drink coffee are dependent on caffeine.\nPeople regularly drink coffee, or they don't want to be addicted to caffeine, or both.\nNo one who doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine is unaware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or she is not a student and is she aware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is dependent on caffeine, or she is not a student and not dependent on caffeine.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Rina doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine or is unaware that caffeine is a drug.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 406, + "example_id": 1126, + "original_premises": "All people who regularly drink coffee are dependent on caffeine.\nPeople regularly drink coffee, or they don't want to be addicted to caffeine, or both.\nNo one who doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine is unaware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or she is not a student and is she aware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is dependent on caffeine, or she is not a student and not dependent on caffeine.", + "original_conclusion": "Rina doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine or is unaware that caffeine is a drug." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1127", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll people who regularly drink coffee are dependent on caffeine.\nPeople regularly drink coffee, or they don't want to be addicted to caffeine, or both.\nNo one who doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine is unaware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or she is not a student and is she aware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is dependent on caffeine, or she is not a student and not dependent on caffeine.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Rina eith doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine or is unaware that caffeine is a drug.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 406, + "example_id": 1127, + "original_premises": "All people who regularly drink coffee are dependent on caffeine.\nPeople regularly drink coffee, or they don't want to be addicted to caffeine, or both.\nNo one who doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine is unaware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or she is not a student and is she aware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is dependent on caffeine, or she is not a student and not dependent on caffeine.", + "original_conclusion": "Rina eith doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine or is unaware that caffeine is a drug." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1128", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll people who regularly drink coffee are dependent on caffeine.\nPeople regularly drink coffee, or they don't want to be addicted to caffeine, or both.\nNo one who doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine is unaware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or she is not a student and is she aware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is dependent on caffeine, or she is not a student and not dependent on caffeine.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Rina either regularly drinks coffee or is unaware that caffeine is a drug.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 406, + "example_id": 1128, + "original_premises": "All people who regularly drink coffee are dependent on caffeine.\nPeople regularly drink coffee, or they don't want to be addicted to caffeine, or both.\nNo one who doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine is unaware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or she is not a student and is she aware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is dependent on caffeine, or she is not a student and not dependent on caffeine.", + "original_conclusion": "Rina either regularly drinks coffee or is unaware that caffeine is a drug." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1129", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll people who regularly drink coffee are dependent on caffeine.\nPeople regularly drink coffee, or they don't want to be addicted to caffeine, or both.\nNo one who doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine is unaware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or she is not a student and is she aware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is dependent on caffeine, or she is not a student and not dependent on caffeine.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Rina either doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine and is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or neither doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine nor is unaware that caffeine is a drug, then Rina doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine and regularly drinks coffee.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 406, + "example_id": 1129, + "original_premises": "All people who regularly drink coffee are dependent on caffeine.\nPeople regularly drink coffee, or they don't want to be addicted to caffeine, or both.\nNo one who doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine is unaware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or she is not a student and is she aware that caffeine is a drug.\nRina is either a student who is dependent on caffeine, or she is not a student and not dependent on caffeine.", + "original_conclusion": "If Rina either doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine and is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or neither doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine nor is unaware that caffeine is a drug, then Rina doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine and regularly drinks coffee." + }, + { + "id": "folio_21", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nMiroslav Venhoda was a Czech choral conductor who specialized in the performance of Renaissance and Baroque music.\nAny choral conductor is a musician.\nSome musicians love music.\nMiroslav Venhoda published a book in 1946 called Method of Studying Gregorian Chant.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A Czech published a book in 1946.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 8, + "example_id": 21, + "original_premises": "Miroslav Venhoda was a Czech choral conductor who specialized in the performance of Renaissance and Baroque music.\nAny choral conductor is a musician.\nSome musicians love music.\nMiroslav Venhoda published a book in 1946 called Method of Studying Gregorian Chant.", + "original_conclusion": "A Czech published a book in 1946." + }, + { + "id": "folio_22", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nMiroslav Venhoda was a Czech choral conductor who specialized in the performance of Renaissance and Baroque music.\nAny choral conductor is a musician.\nSome musicians love music.\nMiroslav Venhoda published a book in 1946 called Method of Studying Gregorian Chant.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No choral conductor specialized in the performance of Renaissance.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 8, + "example_id": 22, + "original_premises": "Miroslav Venhoda was a Czech choral conductor who specialized in the performance of Renaissance and Baroque music.\nAny choral conductor is a musician.\nSome musicians love music.\nMiroslav Venhoda published a book in 1946 called Method of Studying Gregorian Chant.", + "original_conclusion": "No choral conductor specialized in the performance of Renaissance." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1337", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll eels are fish. \nNo fish are plants. \nEverything displayed in the collection is either a plant or an animal.\nAll multicellular animals are not bacteria.\nAll animals displayed in the collection are multicellular.\nA sea eel is displayed in the collection.\nThe sea eel is an eel or an animal or not a plant.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The sea eel is bacteria.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 463, + "example_id": 1337, + "original_premises": "All eels are fish. \nNo fish are plants. \nEverything displayed in the collection is either a plant or an animal.\nAll multicellular animals are not bacteria.\nAll animals displayed in the collection are multicellular.\nA sea eel is displayed in the collection.\nThe sea eel is an eel or an animal or not a plant.", + "original_conclusion": "The sea eel is bacteria." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1338", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll eels are fish. \nNo fish are plants. \nEverything displayed in the collection is either a plant or an animal.\nAll multicellular animals are not bacteria.\nAll animals displayed in the collection are multicellular.\nA sea eel is displayed in the collection.\nThe sea eel is an eel or an animal or not a plant.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The sea eel is multicellular or is bacteria.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 463, + "example_id": 1338, + "original_premises": "All eels are fish. \nNo fish are plants. \nEverything displayed in the collection is either a plant or an animal.\nAll multicellular animals are not bacteria.\nAll animals displayed in the collection are multicellular.\nA sea eel is displayed in the collection.\nThe sea eel is an eel or an animal or not a plant.", + "original_conclusion": "The sea eel is multicellular or is bacteria." + }, + { + "id": "folio_392", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Blake McFall Company Building is a building added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.\nThe Emmet Building is a five-story building in Portland, Oregon.\nThe Emmet Building was built in 1915.\nThe Emmet Building is another name for the Blake McFall Company Building.\nJohn works at the Emmet Building.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A five-story building is built in 1915.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 133, + "example_id": 392, + "original_premises": "The Blake McFall Company Building is a building added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.\nThe Emmet Building is a five-story building in Portland, Oregon.\nThe Emmet Building was built in 1915.\nThe Emmet Building is another name for the Blake McFall Company Building.\nJohn works at the Emmet Building.", + "original_conclusion": "A five-story building is built in 1915." + }, + { + "id": "folio_393", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Blake McFall Company Building is a building added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.\nThe Emmet Building is a five-story building in Portland, Oregon.\nThe Emmet Building was built in 1915.\nThe Emmet Building is another name for the Blake McFall Company Building.\nJohn works at the Emmet Building.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Blake McFall Company Building is located in Portland, Oregon.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 133, + "example_id": 393, + "original_premises": "The Blake McFall Company Building is a building added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.\nThe Emmet Building is a five-story building in Portland, Oregon.\nThe Emmet Building was built in 1915.\nThe Emmet Building is another name for the Blake McFall Company Building.\nJohn works at the Emmet Building.", + "original_conclusion": "The Blake McFall Company Building is located in Portland, Oregon." + }, + { + "id": "folio_636", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nWilliam Dickinson was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons\nWilliam Dickinson attended Westminster school for high school and then the University of Edinburgh.\nThe University of Edinburgh is a university located in the United Kingdom.\nWilliam Dickinson supported the Portland Whigs.\nPeople who supported the Portland Whigs did not get a seat in the Parliament.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: William Dickinson did not get a seat in Parliament.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 226, + "example_id": 636, + "original_premises": "William Dickinson was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons\nWilliam Dickinson attended Westminster school for high school and then the University of Edinburgh.\nThe University of Edinburgh is a university located in the United Kingdom.\nWilliam Dickinson supported the Portland Whigs.\nPeople who supported the Portland Whigs did not get a seat in the Parliament.", + "original_conclusion": "William Dickinson did not get a seat in Parliament." + }, + { + "id": "folio_638", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nWilliam Dickinson was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons\nWilliam Dickinson attended Westminster school for high school and then the University of Edinburgh.\nThe University of Edinburgh is a university located in the United Kingdom.\nWilliam Dickinson supported the Portland Whigs.\nPeople who supported the Portland Whigs did not get a seat in the Parliament.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: William Dickinson attended university in the United Kingdom.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 226, + "example_id": 638, + "original_premises": "William Dickinson was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons\nWilliam Dickinson attended Westminster school for high school and then the University of Edinburgh.\nThe University of Edinburgh is a university located in the United Kingdom.\nWilliam Dickinson supported the Portland Whigs.\nPeople who supported the Portland Whigs did not get a seat in the Parliament.", + "original_conclusion": "William Dickinson attended university in the United Kingdom." + }, + { + "id": "folio_639", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nWilliam Dickinson was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons\nWilliam Dickinson attended Westminster school for high school and then the University of Edinburgh.\nThe University of Edinburgh is a university located in the United Kingdom.\nWilliam Dickinson supported the Portland Whigs.\nPeople who supported the Portland Whigs did not get a seat in the Parliament.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: William Dickinson sat in the House of Commons.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 226, + "example_id": 639, + "original_premises": "William Dickinson was a British politician who sat in the House of Commons\nWilliam Dickinson attended Westminster school for high school and then the University of Edinburgh.\nThe University of Edinburgh is a university located in the United Kingdom.\nWilliam Dickinson supported the Portland Whigs.\nPeople who supported the Portland Whigs did not get a seat in the Parliament.", + "original_conclusion": "William Dickinson sat in the House of Commons." + }, + { + "id": "folio_690", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nLanguageA is a universal language\nIf a universal language exists, then for every two people if they both know the same universal language they can communicate.\nKatya cannot communicate with Danil.\nKatya knows LanguageA. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Danil knows LanguageA.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 247, + "example_id": 690, + "original_premises": "LanguageA is a universal language\nIf a universal language exists, then for every two people if they both know the same universal language they can communicate.\nKatya cannot communicate with Danil.\nKatya knows LanguageA. ", + "original_conclusion": "Danil knows LanguageA." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1194", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll customers in James' family who subscribe to AMC A-List are eligible to watch three movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome of the customers in James' family go to the cinema every week.\nCustomers in James' family subscribe to AMC A-List or HBO service. \nCustomers in James' family who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nAll customers in James' family who subscribe to HBO services prefer TV series to movies. \nLily is in James' family; she watches TV series in cinemas. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Lily goes to cinemas every week or watches 3 movies every week without any additional fees.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 422, + "example_id": 1194, + "original_premises": "All customers in James' family who subscribe to AMC A-List are eligible to watch three movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome of the customers in James' family go to the cinema every week.\nCustomers in James' family subscribe to AMC A-List or HBO service. \nCustomers in James' family who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nAll customers in James' family who subscribe to HBO services prefer TV series to movies. \nLily is in James' family; she watches TV series in cinemas. ", + "original_conclusion": "Lily goes to cinemas every week or watches 3 movies every week without any additional fees." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1195", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll customers in James' family who subscribe to AMC A-List are eligible to watch three movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome of the customers in James' family go to the cinema every week.\nCustomers in James' family subscribe to AMC A-List or HBO service. \nCustomers in James' family who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nAll customers in James' family who subscribe to HBO services prefer TV series to movies. \nLily is in James' family; she watches TV series in cinemas. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Lily does not both go to cinemas every week and subscribe to HBO service, then Lily is either available to watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees or she prefers TV more.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 422, + "example_id": 1195, + "original_premises": "All customers in James' family who subscribe to AMC A-List are eligible to watch three movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome of the customers in James' family go to the cinema every week.\nCustomers in James' family subscribe to AMC A-List or HBO service. \nCustomers in James' family who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nAll customers in James' family who subscribe to HBO services prefer TV series to movies. \nLily is in James' family; she watches TV series in cinemas. ", + "original_conclusion": "If Lily does not both go to cinemas every week and subscribe to HBO service, then Lily is either available to watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees or she prefers TV more." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1196", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll customers in James' family who subscribe to AMC A-List are eligible to watch three movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome of the customers in James' family go to the cinema every week.\nCustomers in James' family subscribe to AMC A-List or HBO service. \nCustomers in James' family who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nAll customers in James' family who subscribe to HBO services prefer TV series to movies. \nLily is in James' family; she watches TV series in cinemas. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Lily is available to watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees and she watches TV series in cinemas, then she goes to cinemas every week and prefers TV series more.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 422, + "example_id": 1196, + "original_premises": "All customers in James' family who subscribe to AMC A-List are eligible to watch three movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome of the customers in James' family go to the cinema every week.\nCustomers in James' family subscribe to AMC A-List or HBO service. \nCustomers in James' family who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nAll customers in James' family who subscribe to HBO services prefer TV series to movies. \nLily is in James' family; she watches TV series in cinemas. ", + "original_conclusion": "If Lily is available to watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees and she watches TV series in cinemas, then she goes to cinemas every week and prefers TV series more." + }, + { + "id": "folio_550", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA La Liga soccer team ranks higher than another La Liga soccer team if it receives more points.\nIf there are two La Liga soccer teams and neither has more points than the other, then the team which receives more points from the games between the two teams ranks higher.\nReal Madrid and Barcelona are both La Liga soccer teams.\nReal Madrid received more points than Barcelona.\nNeither Real Madrid nor Barcelona received more points from the games between them.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Real Madrid ranks higher than Barcelona.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 193, + "example_id": 550, + "original_premises": "A La Liga soccer team ranks higher than another La Liga soccer team if it receives more points.\nIf there are two La Liga soccer teams and neither has more points than the other, then the team which receives more points from the games between the two teams ranks higher.\nReal Madrid and Barcelona are both La Liga soccer teams.\nReal Madrid received more points than Barcelona.\nNeither Real Madrid nor Barcelona received more points from the games between them.", + "original_conclusion": "Real Madrid ranks higher than Barcelona." + }, + { + "id": "folio_551", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA La Liga soccer team ranks higher than another La Liga soccer team if it receives more points.\nIf there are two La Liga soccer teams and neither has more points than the other, then the team which receives more points from the games between the two teams ranks higher.\nReal Madrid and Barcelona are both La Liga soccer teams.\nReal Madrid received more points than Barcelona.\nNeither Real Madrid nor Barcelona received more points from the games between them.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Barcelona ranks higher than Real Madrid.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 193, + "example_id": 551, + "original_premises": "A La Liga soccer team ranks higher than another La Liga soccer team if it receives more points.\nIf there are two La Liga soccer teams and neither has more points than the other, then the team which receives more points from the games between the two teams ranks higher.\nReal Madrid and Barcelona are both La Liga soccer teams.\nReal Madrid received more points than Barcelona.\nNeither Real Madrid nor Barcelona received more points from the games between them.", + "original_conclusion": "Barcelona ranks higher than Real Madrid." + }, + { + "id": "folio_249", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nLawton Park is a neighborhood in Seattle. \nAll citizens of Lawton Park use the zip code 98199. \nTom is a citizen of Lawton Park.\nDaniel uses the zip code 98199. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Tom uses the zip code 98199.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 82, + "example_id": 249, + "original_premises": "Lawton Park is a neighborhood in Seattle. \nAll citizens of Lawton Park use the zip code 98199. \nTom is a citizen of Lawton Park.\nDaniel uses the zip code 98199. ", + "original_conclusion": "Tom uses the zip code 98199." + }, + { + "id": "folio_250", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nLawton Park is a neighborhood in Seattle. \nAll citizens of Lawton Park use the zip code 98199. \nTom is a citizen of Lawton Park.\nDaniel uses the zip code 98199. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Tom doesn't use the zip code 98199.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 82, + "example_id": 250, + "original_premises": "Lawton Park is a neighborhood in Seattle. \nAll citizens of Lawton Park use the zip code 98199. \nTom is a citizen of Lawton Park.\nDaniel uses the zip code 98199. ", + "original_conclusion": "Tom doesn't use the zip code 98199." + }, + { + "id": "folio_261", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a legislator is found guilty of stealing government funds, they will be suspended from office.\nTiffany T. Alston was a legislator in Maryland's House of Delegates from 2011 to 2013.\nTiffany T. Alston was found guilty of stealing government funds in 2012.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Tiffany T. Alston was suspended from the Maryland House of Delegates.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 86, + "example_id": 261, + "original_premises": "If a legislator is found guilty of stealing government funds, they will be suspended from office.\nTiffany T. Alston was a legislator in Maryland's House of Delegates from 2011 to 2013.\nTiffany T. Alston was found guilty of stealing government funds in 2012.", + "original_conclusion": "Tiffany T. Alston was suspended from the Maryland House of Delegates." + }, + { + "id": "folio_262", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a legislator is found guilty of stealing government funds, they will be suspended from office.\nTiffany T. Alston was a legislator in Maryland's House of Delegates from 2011 to 2013.\nTiffany T. Alston was found guilty of stealing government funds in 2012.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Tiffany T. Alston was not suspended from the Maryland House of Delegates.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 86, + "example_id": 262, + "original_premises": "If a legislator is found guilty of stealing government funds, they will be suspended from office.\nTiffany T. Alston was a legislator in Maryland's House of Delegates from 2011 to 2013.\nTiffany T. Alston was found guilty of stealing government funds in 2012.", + "original_conclusion": "Tiffany T. Alston was not suspended from the Maryland House of Delegates." + }, + { + "id": "folio_492", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome fish stings people.\nStonefish is a fish.\nStonefish stings when stepped on. \nIf a stonefish stings someone and they are not treated, it can cause death to them.\nTo treat stonefish stings, apply heat to the affected area or use an antivenom.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Stings of some fish can cause death if not treated.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 171, + "example_id": 492, + "original_premises": "Some fish stings people.\nStonefish is a fish.\nStonefish stings when stepped on. \nIf a stonefish stings someone and they are not treated, it can cause death to them.\nTo treat stonefish stings, apply heat to the affected area or use an antivenom.", + "original_conclusion": "Stings of some fish can cause death if not treated." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1174", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome monitors made by LG have a type-c port.\nMonitors that have a type-c port were not made before 2010.\nAll monitors in the library are made before 2010. \nThe L-2021 monitor is either used in the library or has a type-c port.\nThe L-2021 monitor is either both produced before 2010 and made by LG, or neither is true.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The monitor L-2021 is either in the library or produced by LG.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 417, + "example_id": 1174, + "original_premises": "Some monitors made by LG have a type-c port.\nMonitors that have a type-c port were not made before 2010.\nAll monitors in the library are made before 2010. \nThe L-2021 monitor is either used in the library or has a type-c port.\nThe L-2021 monitor is either both produced before 2010 and made by LG, or neither is true.", + "original_conclusion": "The monitor L-2021 is either in the library or produced by LG." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1175", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome monitors made by LG have a type-c port.\nMonitors that have a type-c port were not made before 2010.\nAll monitors in the library are made before 2010. \nThe L-2021 monitor is either used in the library or has a type-c port.\nThe L-2021 monitor is either both produced before 2010 and made by LG, or neither is true.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The L-2021 monitor either has a type-c port or is produced by LG.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 417, + "example_id": 1175, + "original_premises": "Some monitors made by LG have a type-c port.\nMonitors that have a type-c port were not made before 2010.\nAll monitors in the library are made before 2010. \nThe L-2021 monitor is either used in the library or has a type-c port.\nThe L-2021 monitor is either both produced before 2010 and made by LG, or neither is true.", + "original_conclusion": "The L-2021 monitor either has a type-c port or is produced by LG." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1176", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome monitors made by LG have a type-c port.\nMonitors that have a type-c port were not made before 2010.\nAll monitors in the library are made before 2010. \nThe L-2021 monitor is either used in the library or has a type-c port.\nThe L-2021 monitor is either both produced before 2010 and made by LG, or neither is true.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If the L-2021 monitor is either in the library and produced by LG, or neither in the library nor produced by LG, then L-2021 neither has a type-c port nor is produced by LG.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 417, + "example_id": 1176, + "original_premises": "Some monitors made by LG have a type-c port.\nMonitors that have a type-c port were not made before 2010.\nAll monitors in the library are made before 2010. \nThe L-2021 monitor is either used in the library or has a type-c port.\nThe L-2021 monitor is either both produced before 2010 and made by LG, or neither is true.", + "original_conclusion": "If the L-2021 monitor is either in the library and produced by LG, or neither in the library nor produced by LG, then L-2021 neither has a type-c port nor is produced by LG." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1177", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome monitors made by LG have a type-c port.\nMonitors that have a type-c port were not made before 2010.\nAll monitors in the library are made before 2010. \nThe L-2021 monitor is either used in the library or has a type-c port.\nThe L-2021 monitor is either both produced before 2010 and made by LG, or neither is true.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If the monitor L-2021 is either produced by LG and produced before 2010 or neither produced by LG nor produced before 2010, then L-2021 is either in the library or produced by LG.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 417, + "example_id": 1177, + "original_premises": "Some monitors made by LG have a type-c port.\nMonitors that have a type-c port were not made before 2010.\nAll monitors in the library are made before 2010. \nThe L-2021 monitor is either used in the library or has a type-c port.\nThe L-2021 monitor is either both produced before 2010 and made by LG, or neither is true.", + "original_conclusion": "If the monitor L-2021 is either produced by LG and produced before 2010 or neither produced by LG nor produced before 2010, then L-2021 is either in the library or produced by LG." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1006", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEverything is either outside the solar system or in the solar system. \nNothing outside the solar system has the Sun as its star.\nEverything in the solar system is gravitationally bound by the Sun.\nNo planets gravitationally bound by the Sun are rogue planets. \nAll orphan planets are rogue planets.\nIf PSO J318.5\u221222 is not both a rogue planet and a planet gravitationally bound by the Sun, then it is a rogue planet.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: PSO J318.5\u221222 is an orphan planet or it does not have the Sun as its star, or both.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 377, + "example_id": 1006, + "original_premises": "Everything is either outside the solar system or in the solar system. \nNothing outside the solar system has the Sun as its star.\nEverything in the solar system is gravitationally bound by the Sun.\nNo planets gravitationally bound by the Sun are rogue planets. \nAll orphan planets are rogue planets.\nIf PSO J318.5\u221222 is not both a rogue planet and a planet gravitationally bound by the Sun, then it is a rogue planet.", + "original_conclusion": "PSO J318.5\u221222 is an orphan planet or it does not have the Sun as its star, or both." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1007", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEverything is either outside the solar system or in the solar system. \nNothing outside the solar system has the Sun as its star.\nEverything in the solar system is gravitationally bound by the Sun.\nNo planets gravitationally bound by the Sun are rogue planets. \nAll orphan planets are rogue planets.\nIf PSO J318.5\u221222 is not both a rogue planet and a planet gravitationally bound by the Sun, then it is a rogue planet.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If PSO J318.5\u221222 is an orphan planet or it does not have the Sun as the star, or both, then PSO J318.5\u221222 neither is an orphan planet nor does it have the Sun as the star.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 377, + "example_id": 1007, + "original_premises": "Everything is either outside the solar system or in the solar system. \nNothing outside the solar system has the Sun as its star.\nEverything in the solar system is gravitationally bound by the Sun.\nNo planets gravitationally bound by the Sun are rogue planets. \nAll orphan planets are rogue planets.\nIf PSO J318.5\u221222 is not both a rogue planet and a planet gravitationally bound by the Sun, then it is a rogue planet.", + "original_conclusion": "If PSO J318.5\u221222 is an orphan planet or it does not have the Sun as the star, or both, then PSO J318.5\u221222 neither is an orphan planet nor does it have the Sun as the star." + }, + { + "id": "folio_518", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSam is doing a project.\nA project is written either in C++ or Python.\nIf Sam does a project written in Python, he will not use a Mac.\nSam is using a Mac.\nIf Sam uses a Mac, he will play a song.\nIf a song is not titled \"Perfect,\" Sam will never play it.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The project Sam is doing is written in C++.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 180, + "example_id": 518, + "original_premises": "Sam is doing a project.\nA project is written either in C++ or Python.\nIf Sam does a project written in Python, he will not use a Mac.\nSam is using a Mac.\nIf Sam uses a Mac, he will play a song.\nIf a song is not titled \"Perfect,\" Sam will never play it.", + "original_conclusion": "The project Sam is doing is written in C++." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1385", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll social media applications containing chat features are software. \nAll social media applications that allow users to send messages to each other have chat features. \nAll social media applications have chat features or video features. \nAll social media applications that have video features allow users to upload videos. \nAll software that is social media applications are computer programs. \nAll social media applications that have high engagement metrics are addictive. \nIf a social media application is addictive, then it is not ideal for preteens. \nTikTok is a social media application, and it is not ideal for preteens. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: TikTok is a computer program.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 477, + "example_id": 1385, + "original_premises": "All social media applications containing chat features are software. \nAll social media applications that allow users to send messages to each other have chat features. \nAll social media applications have chat features or video features. \nAll social media applications that have video features allow users to upload videos. \nAll software that is social media applications are computer programs. \nAll social media applications that have high engagement metrics are addictive. \nIf a social media application is addictive, then it is not ideal for preteens. \nTikTok is a social media application, and it is not ideal for preteens. ", + "original_conclusion": "TikTok is a computer program." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1386", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll social media applications containing chat features are software. \nAll social media applications that allow users to send messages to each other have chat features. \nAll social media applications have chat features or video features. \nAll social media applications that have video features allow users to upload videos. \nAll software that is social media applications are computer programs. \nAll social media applications that have high engagement metrics are addictive. \nIf a social media application is addictive, then it is not ideal for preteens. \nTikTok is a social media application, and it is not ideal for preteens. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: TikTok is either ideal for preteens or a computer program.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 477, + "example_id": 1386, + "original_premises": "All social media applications containing chat features are software. \nAll social media applications that allow users to send messages to each other have chat features. \nAll social media applications have chat features or video features. \nAll social media applications that have video features allow users to upload videos. \nAll software that is social media applications are computer programs. \nAll social media applications that have high engagement metrics are addictive. \nIf a social media application is addictive, then it is not ideal for preteens. \nTikTok is a social media application, and it is not ideal for preteens. ", + "original_conclusion": "TikTok is either ideal for preteens or a computer program." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1387", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll social media applications containing chat features are software. \nAll social media applications that allow users to send messages to each other have chat features. \nAll social media applications have chat features or video features. \nAll social media applications that have video features allow users to upload videos. \nAll software that is social media applications are computer programs. \nAll social media applications that have high engagement metrics are addictive. \nIf a social media application is addictive, then it is not ideal for preteens. \nTikTok is a social media application, and it is not ideal for preteens. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: TikTok is does not have chat features or it is not a computer program.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 477, + "example_id": 1387, + "original_premises": "All social media applications containing chat features are software. \nAll social media applications that allow users to send messages to each other have chat features. \nAll social media applications have chat features or video features. \nAll social media applications that have video features allow users to upload videos. \nAll software that is social media applications are computer programs. \nAll social media applications that have high engagement metrics are addictive. \nIf a social media application is addictive, then it is not ideal for preteens. \nTikTok is a social media application, and it is not ideal for preteens. ", + "original_conclusion": "TikTok is does not have chat features or it is not a computer program." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1388", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll social media applications containing chat features are software. \nAll social media applications that allow users to send messages to each other have chat features. \nAll social media applications have chat features or video features. \nAll social media applications that have video features allow users to upload videos. \nAll software that is social media applications are computer programs. \nAll social media applications that have high engagement metrics are addictive. \nIf a social media application is addictive, then it is not ideal for preteens. \nTikTok is a social media application, and it is not ideal for preteens. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: TikTok either has chat features or is a computer program.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 477, + "example_id": 1388, + "original_premises": "All social media applications containing chat features are software. \nAll social media applications that allow users to send messages to each other have chat features. \nAll social media applications have chat features or video features. \nAll social media applications that have video features allow users to upload videos. \nAll software that is social media applications are computer programs. \nAll social media applications that have high engagement metrics are addictive. \nIf a social media application is addictive, then it is not ideal for preteens. \nTikTok is a social media application, and it is not ideal for preteens. ", + "original_conclusion": "TikTok either has chat features or is a computer program." + }, + { + "id": "folio_316", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nOrdinary is an unincorporated community.\nLocated within Elliot County, Ordinary is on Kentucky Route 32.\nOrdinary is located northwest of Sandy Hook.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There are no unincorporated communities along Kentucky Route 32.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 104, + "example_id": 316, + "original_premises": "Ordinary is an unincorporated community.\nLocated within Elliot County, Ordinary is on Kentucky Route 32.\nOrdinary is located northwest of Sandy Hook.", + "original_conclusion": "There are no unincorporated communities along Kentucky Route 32." + }, + { + "id": "folio_317", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nOrdinary is an unincorporated community.\nLocated within Elliot County, Ordinary is on Kentucky Route 32.\nOrdinary is located northwest of Sandy Hook.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There is an unincorporated community located in Elliot County.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 104, + "example_id": 317, + "original_premises": "Ordinary is an unincorporated community.\nLocated within Elliot County, Ordinary is on Kentucky Route 32.\nOrdinary is located northwest of Sandy Hook.", + "original_conclusion": "There is an unincorporated community located in Elliot County." + }, + { + "id": "folio_922", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll young adults at the event like independence.\nAll college students at the event are young adults.\nAll Yale students at the event are college students.\nEveryone at the event is a Yale student or a Harvard student.\nAll Harvard students at the event are diligent.\nSusan is at the event, and if Susan is a Harvard student, then she is a young adult.\nIf Susan is a Yale student, then she does not like independence.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Susan likes independence and is diligent.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 348, + "example_id": 922, + "original_premises": "All young adults at the event like independence.\nAll college students at the event are young adults.\nAll Yale students at the event are college students.\nEveryone at the event is a Yale student or a Harvard student.\nAll Harvard students at the event are diligent.\nSusan is at the event, and if Susan is a Harvard student, then she is a young adult.\nIf Susan is a Yale student, then she does not like independence.", + "original_conclusion": "Susan likes independence and is diligent." + }, + { + "id": "folio_923", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll young adults at the event like independence.\nAll college students at the event are young adults.\nAll Yale students at the event are college students.\nEveryone at the event is a Yale student or a Harvard student.\nAll Harvard students at the event are diligent.\nSusan is at the event, and if Susan is a Harvard student, then she is a young adult.\nIf Susan is a Yale student, then she does not like independence.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Susan is not both diligent and likes independence.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 348, + "example_id": 923, + "original_premises": "All young adults at the event like independence.\nAll college students at the event are young adults.\nAll Yale students at the event are college students.\nEveryone at the event is a Yale student or a Harvard student.\nAll Harvard students at the event are diligent.\nSusan is at the event, and if Susan is a Harvard student, then she is a young adult.\nIf Susan is a Yale student, then she does not like independence.", + "original_conclusion": "Susan is not both diligent and likes independence." + }, + { + "id": "folio_431", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nVic DiCara plays guitar and bass.\nThe only style of music Vic DiCara plays is punk music.\nVic DiCara played in the band Inside Out.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A musician from Inside Out plays bass.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 147, + "example_id": 431, + "original_premises": "Vic DiCara plays guitar and bass.\nThe only style of music Vic DiCara plays is punk music.\nVic DiCara played in the band Inside Out.", + "original_conclusion": "A musician from Inside Out plays bass." + }, + { + "id": "folio_914", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll professional athletes spend most of their time on sports.\nAll Olympic gold medal winners are professional athletes.\nNo full-time scientists spend the majority of their time on sports.\nAll Nobel physics laureates are full-time scientists.\nAmy spends the most time on sports, or Amy is an Olympic gold medal winner.\nIf Amy is not a Nobel physics laureate, then Amy is not an Olympic gold medal winner.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Amy is neither a full-time scientist nor an Olympic gold medal winner.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 346, + "example_id": 914, + "original_premises": "All professional athletes spend most of their time on sports.\nAll Olympic gold medal winners are professional athletes.\nNo full-time scientists spend the majority of their time on sports.\nAll Nobel physics laureates are full-time scientists.\nAmy spends the most time on sports, or Amy is an Olympic gold medal winner.\nIf Amy is not a Nobel physics laureate, then Amy is not an Olympic gold medal winner.", + "original_conclusion": "Amy is neither a full-time scientist nor an Olympic gold medal winner." + }, + { + "id": "folio_915", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll professional athletes spend most of their time on sports.\nAll Olympic gold medal winners are professional athletes.\nNo full-time scientists spend the majority of their time on sports.\nAll Nobel physics laureates are full-time scientists.\nAmy spends the most time on sports, or Amy is an Olympic gold medal winner.\nIf Amy is not a Nobel physics laureate, then Amy is not an Olympic gold medal winner.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Amy is not an Olympic gold medal winner, then Amy is a Nobel physics laureate.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 346, + "example_id": 915, + "original_premises": "All professional athletes spend most of their time on sports.\nAll Olympic gold medal winners are professional athletes.\nNo full-time scientists spend the majority of their time on sports.\nAll Nobel physics laureates are full-time scientists.\nAmy spends the most time on sports, or Amy is an Olympic gold medal winner.\nIf Amy is not a Nobel physics laureate, then Amy is not an Olympic gold medal winner.", + "original_conclusion": "If Amy is not an Olympic gold medal winner, then Amy is a Nobel physics laureate." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1142", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The cherries are apples.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 409, + "example_id": 1142, + "original_premises": "All red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.", + "original_conclusion": "The cherries are apples." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1143", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The cherries either contain some amount of vitamin C or are on a warning list.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 409, + "example_id": 1143, + "original_premises": "All red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.", + "original_conclusion": "The cherries either contain some amount of vitamin C or are on a warning list." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1144", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The cherries are either on a warning list or are red.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 409, + "example_id": 1144, + "original_premises": "All red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.", + "original_conclusion": "The cherries are either on a warning list or are red." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1145", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If the cherries are either healthy or are on a warning list, then they are not red.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 409, + "example_id": 1145, + "original_premises": "All red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.", + "original_conclusion": "If the cherries are either healthy or are on a warning list, then they are not red." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1146", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If the cherries are either on a warning list or are red, then they are not healthy and do not contain any amount of vitamin C.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 409, + "example_id": 1146, + "original_premises": "All red fruits that grow in Ben's yard contain some Vitamin C.\nAll apples that grow in Ben's yard are red fruits.\nAll fruits that grow in Ben's yard and contain some Vitamin C are healthy. \nNo fruits that grow in Ben's yard and are healthy are on a warning list.\nThe cherries grow in Ben's yard.\nIf cherries are not apples and are not healthy, then they are red fruits.", + "original_conclusion": "If the cherries are either on a warning list or are red, then they are not healthy and do not contain any amount of vitamin C." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1204", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone working at Meta has a high income. \nA person with a high income will not take a bus to their destination.\nPeople will either take a bus or drive to their destination. \nEveryone who has a car will choose to drive to their destination. \nNo students drive to their destination. \nJames has a car or works at Meta.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James is a student.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 425, + "example_id": 1204, + "original_premises": "Everyone working at Meta has a high income. \nA person with a high income will not take a bus to their destination.\nPeople will either take a bus or drive to their destination. \nEveryone who has a car will choose to drive to their destination. \nNo students drive to their destination. \nJames has a car or works at Meta.", + "original_conclusion": "James is a student." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1205", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone working at Meta has a high income. \nA person with a high income will not take a bus to their destination.\nPeople will either take a bus or drive to their destination. \nEveryone who has a car will choose to drive to their destination. \nNo students drive to their destination. \nJames has a car or works at Meta.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James drives to his destination or he is a student.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 425, + "example_id": 1205, + "original_premises": "Everyone working at Meta has a high income. \nA person with a high income will not take a bus to their destination.\nPeople will either take a bus or drive to their destination. \nEveryone who has a car will choose to drive to their destination. \nNo students drive to their destination. \nJames has a car or works at Meta.", + "original_conclusion": "James drives to his destination or he is a student." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1206", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone working at Meta has a high income. \nA person with a high income will not take a bus to their destination.\nPeople will either take a bus or drive to their destination. \nEveryone who has a car will choose to drive to their destination. \nNo students drive to their destination. \nJames has a car or works at Meta.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James either drives to their destination or is a student.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 425, + "example_id": 1206, + "original_premises": "Everyone working at Meta has a high income. \nA person with a high income will not take a bus to their destination.\nPeople will either take a bus or drive to their destination. \nEveryone who has a car will choose to drive to their destination. \nNo students drive to their destination. \nJames has a car or works at Meta.", + "original_conclusion": "James either drives to their destination or is a student." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1207", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone working at Meta has a high income. \nA person with a high income will not take a bus to their destination.\nPeople will either take a bus or drive to their destination. \nEveryone who has a car will choose to drive to their destination. \nNo students drive to their destination. \nJames has a car or works at Meta.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If James either drives to his destination or is a student, then he has a high income and is a student.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 425, + "example_id": 1207, + "original_premises": "Everyone working at Meta has a high income. \nA person with a high income will not take a bus to their destination.\nPeople will either take a bus or drive to their destination. \nEveryone who has a car will choose to drive to their destination. \nNo students drive to their destination. \nJames has a car or works at Meta.", + "original_conclusion": "If James either drives to his destination or is a student, then he has a high income and is a student." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1198", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone at the business conference is either an investor or an entrepreneur.\nNone of those at the business conference who enjoy the opportunity of starting a business prefer a planned economy. \nAll entrepreneurs at the business conference enjoy the opportunity of starting a business. \nEveryone at the business conference who enjoys state ownership of means of production prefers a planned economy. \nEveryone at the business conference who is an ardent communist prefers state ownership of the means of production.\nHo is at the business conference and prefers state ownership of the means of production. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Ho is an investor or is not an ardent communist.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 423, + "example_id": 1198, + "original_premises": "Everyone at the business conference is either an investor or an entrepreneur.\nNone of those at the business conference who enjoy the opportunity of starting a business prefer a planned economy. \nAll entrepreneurs at the business conference enjoy the opportunity of starting a business. \nEveryone at the business conference who enjoys state ownership of means of production prefers a planned economy. \nEveryone at the business conference who is an ardent communist prefers state ownership of the means of production.\nHo is at the business conference and prefers state ownership of the means of production. ", + "original_conclusion": "Ho is an investor or is not an ardent communist." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1170", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome students in the class who are good at math are also good at chemistry.\nAll students in the class who are good at chemistry enjoy conducting experiments. \nAll students in the class that enjoy conducting experiments are good at planning. \nNone of the students who are good at planning failed the class.\nJames is a student in the class; he is either good at chemistry and failed the class, or bad at chemistry and passed the class.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James is good at math and chemistry.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 416, + "example_id": 1170, + "original_premises": "Some students in the class who are good at math are also good at chemistry.\nAll students in the class who are good at chemistry enjoy conducting experiments. \nAll students in the class that enjoy conducting experiments are good at planning. \nNone of the students who are good at planning failed the class.\nJames is a student in the class; he is either good at chemistry and failed the class, or bad at chemistry and passed the class.", + "original_conclusion": "James is good at math and chemistry." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1171", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome students in the class who are good at math are also good at chemistry.\nAll students in the class who are good at chemistry enjoy conducting experiments. \nAll students in the class that enjoy conducting experiments are good at planning. \nNone of the students who are good at planning failed the class.\nJames is a student in the class; he is either good at chemistry and failed the class, or bad at chemistry and passed the class.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James failed the class and is good at math.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 416, + "example_id": 1171, + "original_premises": "Some students in the class who are good at math are also good at chemistry.\nAll students in the class who are good at chemistry enjoy conducting experiments. \nAll students in the class that enjoy conducting experiments are good at planning. \nNone of the students who are good at planning failed the class.\nJames is a student in the class; he is either good at chemistry and failed the class, or bad at chemistry and passed the class.", + "original_conclusion": "James failed the class and is good at math." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1172", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome students in the class who are good at math are also good at chemistry.\nAll students in the class who are good at chemistry enjoy conducting experiments. \nAll students in the class that enjoy conducting experiments are good at planning. \nNone of the students who are good at planning failed the class.\nJames is a student in the class; he is either good at chemistry and failed the class, or bad at chemistry and passed the class.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If James is good at Chemistry or failed the class, then James is either good at planning or good at math.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 416, + "example_id": 1172, + "original_premises": "Some students in the class who are good at math are also good at chemistry.\nAll students in the class who are good at chemistry enjoy conducting experiments. \nAll students in the class that enjoy conducting experiments are good at planning. \nNone of the students who are good at planning failed the class.\nJames is a student in the class; he is either good at chemistry and failed the class, or bad at chemistry and passed the class.", + "original_conclusion": "If James is good at Chemistry or failed the class, then James is either good at planning or good at math." + }, + { + "id": "folio_69", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a Leetcode problem is at the easy level, then its AC rate is lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems that are recommended to novices are easy. \nA Leetode problem is either easy or hard.\nLeetcode problems that are starred by more than one thousand users are hard.\n2Sum is recommended to novices. \n4Sum is starred by more than 1,000 users.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: 2Sum is a Leetcode problem at the easy level.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 24, + "example_id": 69, + "original_premises": "If a Leetcode problem is at the easy level, then its AC rate is lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems that are recommended to novices are easy. \nA Leetode problem is either easy or hard.\nLeetcode problems that are starred by more than one thousand users are hard.\n2Sum is recommended to novices. \n4Sum is starred by more than 1,000 users.", + "original_conclusion": "2Sum is a Leetcode problem at the easy level." + }, + { + "id": "folio_70", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a Leetcode problem is at the easy level, then its AC rate is lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems that are recommended to novices are easy. \nA Leetode problem is either easy or hard.\nLeetcode problems that are starred by more than one thousand users are hard.\n2Sum is recommended to novices. \n4Sum is starred by more than 1,000 users.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: 4Sum is a Leetcode problem recommended to the novice.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 24, + "example_id": 70, + "original_premises": "If a Leetcode problem is at the easy level, then its AC rate is lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems that are recommended to novices are easy. \nA Leetode problem is either easy or hard.\nLeetcode problems that are starred by more than one thousand users are hard.\n2Sum is recommended to novices. \n4Sum is starred by more than 1,000 users.", + "original_conclusion": "4Sum is a Leetcode problem recommended to the novice." + }, + { + "id": "folio_71", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a Leetcode problem is at the easy level, then its AC rate is lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems that are recommended to novices are easy. \nA Leetode problem is either easy or hard.\nLeetcode problems that are starred by more than one thousand users are hard.\n2Sum is recommended to novices. \n4Sum is starred by more than 1,000 users.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: 2Sum has an AC rate higher than 20 percent.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 24, + "example_id": 71, + "original_premises": "If a Leetcode problem is at the easy level, then its AC rate is lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems that are recommended to novices are easy. \nA Leetode problem is either easy or hard.\nLeetcode problems that are starred by more than one thousand users are hard.\n2Sum is recommended to novices. \n4Sum is starred by more than 1,000 users.", + "original_conclusion": "2Sum has an AC rate higher than 20 percent." + }, + { + "id": "folio_687", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone who rents a car spends money.\nWhenever Sarah goes to Vermont, Sarah drives there.\nSomeone who does not own a car to drive somewhere must either borrow a car or rent a car.\nSarah doesn\u2019t own a car.\nSarah never borrows a car to go camping.\nSarah is going to go camping in Vermont.\nTo go camping somewhere, you must go to that place.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Sarah will spend money this weekend.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 244, + "example_id": 687, + "original_premises": "Everyone who rents a car spends money.\nWhenever Sarah goes to Vermont, Sarah drives there.\nSomeone who does not own a car to drive somewhere must either borrow a car or rent a car.\nSarah doesn\u2019t own a car.\nSarah never borrows a car to go camping.\nSarah is going to go camping in Vermont.\nTo go camping somewhere, you must go to that place.", + "original_conclusion": "Sarah will spend money this weekend." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1008", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll people who attend weddings are getting married or know the people who are getting married.\nNo preteens or young children are getting married or know the people who are getting married.\nPeople who enjoy celebrating life milestone events with other people attend weddings.\nPeople who are fond of large group functions enjoy celebrating life milestone events with other people.\nAll people who are outgoing and spirited are fond of large group functions.\nIf Carol is not both a pre-teen or young child and attends a wedding, then Carol is not getting married or knows the people who are getting married. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Carol is outgoing and very spirited.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 378, + "example_id": 1008, + "original_premises": "All people who attend weddings are getting married or know the people who are getting married.\nNo preteens or young children are getting married or know the people who are getting married.\nPeople who enjoy celebrating life milestone events with other people attend weddings.\nPeople who are fond of large group functions enjoy celebrating life milestone events with other people.\nAll people who are outgoing and spirited are fond of large group functions.\nIf Carol is not both a pre-teen or young child and attends a wedding, then Carol is not getting married or knows the people who are getting married. ", + "original_conclusion": "Carol is outgoing and very spirited." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1010", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll people who attend weddings are getting married or know the people who are getting married.\nNo preteens or young children are getting married or know the people who are getting married.\nPeople who enjoy celebrating life milestone events with other people attend weddings.\nPeople who are fond of large group functions enjoy celebrating life milestone events with other people.\nAll people who are outgoing and spirited are fond of large group functions.\nIf Carol is not both a pre-teen or young child and attends a wedding, then Carol is not getting married or knows the people who are getting married. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Carol neither enjoys celebrating life milestone events with other people nor is outgoing and very spirited.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 378, + "example_id": 1010, + "original_premises": "All people who attend weddings are getting married or know the people who are getting married.\nNo preteens or young children are getting married or know the people who are getting married.\nPeople who enjoy celebrating life milestone events with other people attend weddings.\nPeople who are fond of large group functions enjoy celebrating life milestone events with other people.\nAll people who are outgoing and spirited are fond of large group functions.\nIf Carol is not both a pre-teen or young child and attends a wedding, then Carol is not getting married or knows the people who are getting married. ", + "original_conclusion": "Carol neither enjoys celebrating life milestone events with other people nor is outgoing and very spirited." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1069", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 has a satin finish and has \"rosewood\" in its official description.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 395, + "example_id": 1069, + "original_premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", + "original_conclusion": "ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 has a satin finish and has \"rosewood\" in its official description." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1070", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 either is refillable or has \"rosewood\" in its official description.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 395, + "example_id": 1070, + "original_premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", + "original_conclusion": "ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 either is refillable or has \"rosewood\" in its official description." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1071", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is not both a velvet finish ipstick in the set and refillable, then it neither is refillable nor has \"rosewood\" in its official description.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 395, + "example_id": 1071, + "original_premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", + "original_conclusion": "If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is not both a velvet finish ipstick in the set and refillable, then it neither is refillable nor has \"rosewood\" in its official description." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1072", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is refillable and has \"rosewood\" in its official description, then it either has a velvet-finish or has \"rosewood\" in its official description.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 395, + "example_id": 1072, + "original_premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", + "original_conclusion": "If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is refillable and has \"rosewood\" in its official description, then it either has a velvet-finish or has \"rosewood\" in its official description." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1073", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 either does not have \"rosewood\" in its official description or is refillable, then it has \"rosewood\" in its official description.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 395, + "example_id": 1073, + "original_premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", + "original_conclusion": "If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 either does not have \"rosewood\" in its official description or is refillable, then it has \"rosewood\" in its official description." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1074", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 either does not have \"rosewood\" in its official description or is refillable, then it neither has a satin-finish nor has \"rosewood\" in its official description.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 395, + "example_id": 1074, + "original_premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", + "original_conclusion": "If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 either does not have \"rosewood\" in its official description or is refillable, then it neither has a satin-finish nor has \"rosewood\" in its official description." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1075", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is refillable or has \"rosewood\" in its official description, then it either is refillable or has \"rosewood\" in its official description..", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 395, + "example_id": 1075, + "original_premises": "All velvet-finish lipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition are refillable.\nLipsticks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition have either a velvet-finish or a satin-finish.\nNo satin-finish lipsticks in the set do not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description. \nLipstcks in the Rouge Dior set, Lunar New Year Limited Edition either does not have \"rosewood\" in its offical description or it has \"rosewood\" in its official description. \nROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is a lipstick in the set, and it either has \"rosewood\" in its official description or has a velvet finish.", + "original_conclusion": "If ROUGE Dior Colored Lip Balm 999 is refillable or has \"rosewood\" in its official description, then it either is refillable or has \"rosewood\" in its official description.." + }, + { + "id": "folio_881", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo athletes never exercise.\nAll professional basketball players are athletes. \nAll NBA players are professional basketball players. \nAll Knicks players are NBA players. \nEither John is a professional basketball player and he never exercises, or he is not a professional basketball player and he sometimes exercises.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jim is a Knicks player.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 337, + "example_id": 881, + "original_premises": "No athletes never exercise.\nAll professional basketball players are athletes. \nAll NBA players are professional basketball players. \nAll Knicks players are NBA players. \nEither John is a professional basketball player and he never exercises, or he is not a professional basketball player and he sometimes exercises.", + "original_conclusion": "Jim is a Knicks player." + }, + { + "id": "folio_882", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo athletes never exercise.\nAll professional basketball players are athletes. \nAll NBA players are professional basketball players. \nAll Knicks players are NBA players. \nEither John is a professional basketball player and he never exercises, or he is not a professional basketball player and he sometimes exercises.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jim is not a Knicks player.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 337, + "example_id": 882, + "original_premises": "No athletes never exercise.\nAll professional basketball players are athletes. \nAll NBA players are professional basketball players. \nAll Knicks players are NBA players. \nEither John is a professional basketball player and he never exercises, or he is not a professional basketball player and he sometimes exercises.", + "original_conclusion": "Jim is not a Knicks player." + }, + { + "id": "folio_911", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll kids are young.\nAll toddlers are kids.\nIf someone is young, then they are not elderly.\nAll pirates are seafarers.\nIf Nancy is not a pirate, then Nancy is young.\nIf Nancy is not a toddler, then Nancy is a seafarer.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Nancy is either both a pirate and a toddler, or neither a pirate nor a toddler.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 345, + "example_id": 911, + "original_premises": "All kids are young.\nAll toddlers are kids.\nIf someone is young, then they are not elderly.\nAll pirates are seafarers.\nIf Nancy is not a pirate, then Nancy is young.\nIf Nancy is not a toddler, then Nancy is a seafarer.", + "original_conclusion": "Nancy is either both a pirate and a toddler, or neither a pirate nor a toddler." + }, + { + "id": "folio_912", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll kids are young.\nAll toddlers are kids.\nIf someone is young, then they are not elderly.\nAll pirates are seafarers.\nIf Nancy is not a pirate, then Nancy is young.\nIf Nancy is not a toddler, then Nancy is a seafarer.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Nancy is not either a pirate or a toddler, then she is young and is a kid.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 345, + "example_id": 912, + "original_premises": "All kids are young.\nAll toddlers are kids.\nIf someone is young, then they are not elderly.\nAll pirates are seafarers.\nIf Nancy is not a pirate, then Nancy is young.\nIf Nancy is not a toddler, then Nancy is a seafarer.", + "original_conclusion": "If Nancy is not either a pirate or a toddler, then she is young and is a kid." + }, + { + "id": "folio_201", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nLana Wilson directed After Tiller, The Departure, and Miss Americana.\nIf a film is directed by a person, the person is a filmmaker.\nAfter Tiller is a documentary.\nThe documentary is a type of film.\nLana Wilson is from Kirkland.\nKirkland is a US city.\nIf a person is from a city in a country, the person is from the country.\nAfter Tiller is nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Documentary.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Lana Wilson is a US filmmaker.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 68, + "example_id": 201, + "original_premises": "Lana Wilson directed After Tiller, The Departure, and Miss Americana.\nIf a film is directed by a person, the person is a filmmaker.\nAfter Tiller is a documentary.\nThe documentary is a type of film.\nLana Wilson is from Kirkland.\nKirkland is a US city.\nIf a person is from a city in a country, the person is from the country.\nAfter Tiller is nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Documentary.", + "original_conclusion": "Lana Wilson is a US filmmaker." + }, + { + "id": "folio_202", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nLana Wilson directed After Tiller, The Departure, and Miss Americana.\nIf a film is directed by a person, the person is a filmmaker.\nAfter Tiller is a documentary.\nThe documentary is a type of film.\nLana Wilson is from Kirkland.\nKirkland is a US city.\nIf a person is from a city in a country, the person is from the country.\nAfter Tiller is nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Documentary.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Miss Americana is not directed by a filmmaker from Kirkland.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 68, + "example_id": 202, + "original_premises": "Lana Wilson directed After Tiller, The Departure, and Miss Americana.\nIf a film is directed by a person, the person is a filmmaker.\nAfter Tiller is a documentary.\nThe documentary is a type of film.\nLana Wilson is from Kirkland.\nKirkland is a US city.\nIf a person is from a city in a country, the person is from the country.\nAfter Tiller is nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Documentary.", + "original_conclusion": "Miss Americana is not directed by a filmmaker from Kirkland." + }, + { + "id": "folio_725", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll bears in zoos are not wild. \nSome bears are in zoos. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Not all bears are wild.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 281, + "example_id": 725, + "original_premises": "All bears in zoos are not wild. \nSome bears are in zoos. ", + "original_conclusion": "Not all bears are wild." + }, + { + "id": "folio_165", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a person is the leader of a country for life, that person has power.\nLeaders of a country for life are either a king or a queen.\nQueens are female.\nKings are male. \nElizabeth is a queen.\nElizabeth is a leader of a country for life.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Elizabeth is a king.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 56, + "example_id": 165, + "original_premises": "If a person is the leader of a country for life, that person has power.\nLeaders of a country for life are either a king or a queen.\nQueens are female.\nKings are male. \nElizabeth is a queen.\nElizabeth is a leader of a country for life.", + "original_conclusion": "Elizabeth is a king." + }, + { + "id": "folio_166", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a person is the leader of a country for life, that person has power.\nLeaders of a country for life are either a king or a queen.\nQueens are female.\nKings are male. \nElizabeth is a queen.\nElizabeth is a leader of a country for life.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Elizabeth has power.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 56, + "example_id": 166, + "original_premises": "If a person is the leader of a country for life, that person has power.\nLeaders of a country for life are either a king or a queen.\nQueens are female.\nKings are male. \nElizabeth is a queen.\nElizabeth is a leader of a country for life.", + "original_conclusion": "Elizabeth has power." + }, + { + "id": "folio_167", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a person is the leader of a country for life, that person has power.\nLeaders of a country for life are either a king or a queen.\nQueens are female.\nKings are male. \nElizabeth is a queen.\nElizabeth is a leader of a country for life.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Elizabeth is a leader of a country for life.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 56, + "example_id": 167, + "original_premises": "If a person is the leader of a country for life, that person has power.\nLeaders of a country for life are either a king or a queen.\nQueens are female.\nKings are male. \nElizabeth is a queen.\nElizabeth is a leader of a country for life.", + "original_conclusion": "Elizabeth is a leader of a country for life." + }, + { + "id": "folio_977", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll people who went to Clay's school and who make their own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder do not wake up late and start their schedules past noon regularly.\nAll people who went to Clay's school, who live in California, and attend yoga classes regularly, make their own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder.\nAll people who went to Clay's school, and work in the entertainment industry as high-profile celebrities, wake up late and start their schedules past noon regularly.\nAll people who went to Clay's school that do not have regular 9-5 jobs, work in the entertainment industry as high-profile celebrities.\nAll people who went to Clay's school and prefer working at home over going to the office daily do not have regular 9-5 jobs.\nBunny went to Clay's school, and she either prefers to work at home over going to the office and makes her own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder, or does not prefer to work at home over going to the office every day and does not make her own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Bunny went to Clay's school and she lives in California and attends yoga classes regularly.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 367, + "example_id": 977, + "original_premises": "All people who went to Clay's school and who make their own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder do not wake up late and start their schedules past noon regularly.\nAll people who went to Clay's school, who live in California, and attend yoga classes regularly, make their own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder.\nAll people who went to Clay's school, and work in the entertainment industry as high-profile celebrities, wake up late and start their schedules past noon regularly.\nAll people who went to Clay's school that do not have regular 9-5 jobs, work in the entertainment industry as high-profile celebrities.\nAll people who went to Clay's school and prefer working at home over going to the office daily do not have regular 9-5 jobs.\nBunny went to Clay's school, and she either prefers to work at home over going to the office and makes her own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder, or does not prefer to work at home over going to the office every day and does not make her own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder.", + "original_conclusion": "Bunny went to Clay's school and she lives in California and attends yoga classes regularly." + }, + { + "id": "folio_978", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll people who went to Clay's school and who make their own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder do not wake up late and start their schedules past noon regularly.\nAll people who went to Clay's school, who live in California, and attend yoga classes regularly, make their own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder.\nAll people who went to Clay's school, and work in the entertainment industry as high-profile celebrities, wake up late and start their schedules past noon regularly.\nAll people who went to Clay's school that do not have regular 9-5 jobs, work in the entertainment industry as high-profile celebrities.\nAll people who went to Clay's school and prefer working at home over going to the office daily do not have regular 9-5 jobs.\nBunny went to Clay's school, and she either prefers to work at home over going to the office and makes her own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder, or does not prefer to work at home over going to the office every day and does not make her own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Bunny went to Clay's school and she neither prefers working at home over going to the office nor lives in California and attends yoga classes regularly.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 367, + "example_id": 978, + "original_premises": "All people who went to Clay's school and who make their own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder do not wake up late and start their schedules past noon regularly.\nAll people who went to Clay's school, who live in California, and attend yoga classes regularly, make their own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder.\nAll people who went to Clay's school, and work in the entertainment industry as high-profile celebrities, wake up late and start their schedules past noon regularly.\nAll people who went to Clay's school that do not have regular 9-5 jobs, work in the entertainment industry as high-profile celebrities.\nAll people who went to Clay's school and prefer working at home over going to the office daily do not have regular 9-5 jobs.\nBunny went to Clay's school, and she either prefers to work at home over going to the office and makes her own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder, or does not prefer to work at home over going to the office every day and does not make her own matcha teas every morning with ceremonial-grade matcha powder.", + "original_conclusion": "Bunny went to Clay's school and she neither prefers working at home over going to the office nor lives in California and attends yoga classes regularly." + }, + { + "id": "folio_55", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThomas Barber was an English professional footballer.\nThomas Barber played in the Football League for Aston Villa.\nThomas Barber played as a halfback and inside left.\nThomas Barber scored the winning goal in the 1913 FA Cup Final.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Thomas Barber played as an inside left.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 19, + "example_id": 55, + "original_premises": "Thomas Barber was an English professional footballer.\nThomas Barber played in the Football League for Aston Villa.\nThomas Barber played as a halfback and inside left.\nThomas Barber scored the winning goal in the 1913 FA Cup Final.", + "original_conclusion": "Thomas Barber played as an inside left." + }, + { + "id": "folio_56", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThomas Barber was an English professional footballer.\nThomas Barber played in the Football League for Aston Villa.\nThomas Barber played as a halfback and inside left.\nThomas Barber scored the winning goal in the 1913 FA Cup Final.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: An English professional footballer scored the winning goal in the 1913 FA Cup Final.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 19, + "example_id": 56, + "original_premises": "Thomas Barber was an English professional footballer.\nThomas Barber played in the Football League for Aston Villa.\nThomas Barber played as a halfback and inside left.\nThomas Barber scored the winning goal in the 1913 FA Cup Final.", + "original_conclusion": "An English professional footballer scored the winning goal in the 1913 FA Cup Final." + }, + { + "id": "folio_464", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a person plays an instrument in a concert, they are good at playing this kind of instrument.\nPeter plays piano, violin, and saxophone.\nPeter plays piano in a concert.\nOliver and Peter both play instruments in a concert.\nOliver plays a different musical instrument from Peter in the concert.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Oliver plays piano in the concert.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 162, + "example_id": 464, + "original_premises": "If a person plays an instrument in a concert, they are good at playing this kind of instrument.\nPeter plays piano, violin, and saxophone.\nPeter plays piano in a concert.\nOliver and Peter both play instruments in a concert.\nOliver plays a different musical instrument from Peter in the concert.", + "original_conclusion": "Oliver plays piano in the concert." + }, + { + "id": "folio_466", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a person plays an instrument in a concert, they are good at playing this kind of instrument.\nPeter plays piano, violin, and saxophone.\nPeter plays piano in a concert.\nOliver and Peter both play instruments in a concert.\nOliver plays a different musical instrument from Peter in the concert.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Peter is good at playing piano.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 162, + "example_id": 466, + "original_premises": "If a person plays an instrument in a concert, they are good at playing this kind of instrument.\nPeter plays piano, violin, and saxophone.\nPeter plays piano in a concert.\nOliver and Peter both play instruments in a concert.\nOliver plays a different musical instrument from Peter in the concert.", + "original_conclusion": "Peter is good at playing piano." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1308", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nFunctional brainstems are necessary for breath control.\nAll humans that can swim can control their breath. \nHumans can swim or walk. \nHumans who can walk can stand on the ground by themselves. \nHumans whose brainstems are functional can control their balance.\nEvery human who can stand on the ground by themselves has functional leg muscles. \nGeorge and Archie are humans.\nGeorge can control his balance and can swim.\nArchie can walk if and only if he has functional brainstems.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Archie has functional leg muscles and can control his balance.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 454, + "example_id": 1308, + "original_premises": "Functional brainstems are necessary for breath control.\nAll humans that can swim can control their breath. \nHumans can swim or walk. \nHumans who can walk can stand on the ground by themselves. \nHumans whose brainstems are functional can control their balance.\nEvery human who can stand on the ground by themselves has functional leg muscles. \nGeorge and Archie are humans.\nGeorge can control his balance and can swim.\nArchie can walk if and only if he has functional brainstems.", + "original_conclusion": "Archie has functional leg muscles and can control his balance." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1309", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nFunctional brainstems are necessary for breath control.\nAll humans that can swim can control their breath. \nHumans can swim or walk. \nHumans who can walk can stand on the ground by themselves. \nHumans whose brainstems are functional can control their balance.\nEvery human who can stand on the ground by themselves has functional leg muscles. \nGeorge and Archie are humans.\nGeorge can control his balance and can swim.\nArchie can walk if and only if he has functional brainstems.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Archie cannot control his balance and doesn't have functional leg muscles.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 454, + "example_id": 1309, + "original_premises": "Functional brainstems are necessary for breath control.\nAll humans that can swim can control their breath. \nHumans can swim or walk. \nHumans who can walk can stand on the ground by themselves. \nHumans whose brainstems are functional can control their balance.\nEvery human who can stand on the ground by themselves has functional leg muscles. \nGeorge and Archie are humans.\nGeorge can control his balance and can swim.\nArchie can walk if and only if he has functional brainstems.", + "original_conclusion": "Archie cannot control his balance and doesn't have functional leg muscles." + }, + { + "id": "folio_671", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nCancer biology is finding genetic alterations that confer a selective advantage to cancer cells. \nCancer researchers have frequently ranked the importance of substitutions to cancer growth by the P value.\nP values are thresholds for belief, not metrics of effect. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: P values don't represent metrics of effect.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 236, + "example_id": 671, + "original_premises": "Cancer biology is finding genetic alterations that confer a selective advantage to cancer cells. \nCancer researchers have frequently ranked the importance of substitutions to cancer growth by the P value.\nP values are thresholds for belief, not metrics of effect. ", + "original_conclusion": "P values don't represent metrics of effect." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1404", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll biodegradable things are environment-friendly. \nAll woodware is biodegradable.\nAll paper is woodware. \nNothing is a good thing and also a bad thing.\nAll environment-friendly things are good.\nA worksheet is either paper or environment-friendly.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A worksheet is bad.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 481, + "example_id": 1404, + "original_premises": "All biodegradable things are environment-friendly. \nAll woodware is biodegradable.\nAll paper is woodware. \nNothing is a good thing and also a bad thing.\nAll environment-friendly things are good.\nA worksheet is either paper or environment-friendly.", + "original_conclusion": "A worksheet is bad." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1405", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll biodegradable things are environment-friendly. \nAll woodware is biodegradable.\nAll paper is woodware. \nNothing is a good thing and also a bad thing.\nAll environment-friendly things are good.\nA worksheet is either paper or environment-friendly.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A worksheet is not bad.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 481, + "example_id": 1405, + "original_premises": "All biodegradable things are environment-friendly. \nAll woodware is biodegradable.\nAll paper is woodware. \nNothing is a good thing and also a bad thing.\nAll environment-friendly things are good.\nA worksheet is either paper or environment-friendly.", + "original_conclusion": "A worksheet is not bad." + }, + { + "id": "folio_697", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo reptile has fur.\nAll snakes are reptiles.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Some snake has fur.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 253, + "example_id": 697, + "original_premises": "No reptile has fur.\nAll snakes are reptiles.", + "original_conclusion": "Some snake has fur." + }, + { + "id": "folio_177", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll buildings in New Haven are not high.\nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are located in New Haven. \nAll buildings in Manhattans are high. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are located in Manhattans. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is managed by Yale Housing.\nTower B is with the Bloomberg logo.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Tower A is low.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 60, + "example_id": 177, + "original_premises": "All buildings in New Haven are not high.\nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are located in New Haven. \nAll buildings in Manhattans are high. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are located in Manhattans. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is managed by Yale Housing.\nTower B is with the Bloomberg logo.", + "original_conclusion": "Tower A is low." + }, + { + "id": "folio_178", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll buildings in New Haven are not high.\nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are located in New Haven. \nAll buildings in Manhattans are high. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are located in Manhattans. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is managed by Yale Housing.\nTower B is with the Bloomberg logo.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Tower B is not located in Manhattans.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 60, + "example_id": 178, + "original_premises": "All buildings in New Haven are not high.\nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are located in New Haven. \nAll buildings in Manhattans are high. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are located in Manhattans. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is managed by Yale Housing.\nTower B is with the Bloomberg logo.", + "original_conclusion": "Tower B is not located in Manhattans." + }, + { + "id": "folio_179", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll buildings in New Haven are not high.\nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are located in New Haven. \nAll buildings in Manhattans are high. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are located in Manhattans. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is managed by Yale Housing.\nTower B is with the Bloomberg logo.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Tower B is located in New Haven.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 60, + "example_id": 179, + "original_premises": "All buildings in New Haven are not high.\nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are located in New Haven. \nAll buildings in Manhattans are high. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are located in Manhattans. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is managed by Yale Housing.\nTower B is with the Bloomberg logo.", + "original_conclusion": "Tower B is located in New Haven." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1305", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo birds are ectothermic.\nAll penguins are birds.\nAn animal is ectothermic or endothermic.\nAll endothermic animals produce heat within the body.\nRon and Henry are both animals.\nRon is not a bird and does not produce heat with the body. \nHenry is not a cat and does not produce heat with the body. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Either Henry is a penguin or Henry is endothermic.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 453, + "example_id": 1305, + "original_premises": "No birds are ectothermic.\nAll penguins are birds.\nAn animal is ectothermic or endothermic.\nAll endothermic animals produce heat within the body.\nRon and Henry are both animals.\nRon is not a bird and does not produce heat with the body. \nHenry is not a cat and does not produce heat with the body. ", + "original_conclusion": "Either Henry is a penguin or Henry is endothermic." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1306", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo birds are ectothermic.\nAll penguins are birds.\nAn animal is ectothermic or endothermic.\nAll endothermic animals produce heat within the body.\nRon and Henry are both animals.\nRon is not a bird and does not produce heat with the body. \nHenry is not a cat and does not produce heat with the body. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Ron is either both a penguin and endothermic, or he is nether.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 453, + "example_id": 1306, + "original_premises": "No birds are ectothermic.\nAll penguins are birds.\nAn animal is ectothermic or endothermic.\nAll endothermic animals produce heat within the body.\nRon and Henry are both animals.\nRon is not a bird and does not produce heat with the body. \nHenry is not a cat and does not produce heat with the body. ", + "original_conclusion": "Ron is either both a penguin and endothermic, or he is nether." + }, + { + "id": "folio_221", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAmbiortus is a prehistoric bird genus.\nAmbiortus Dementjevi is the only known species of Ambiortus.\nMongolia was where Ambiortus Dementjevi lived.\nYevgeny Kurochkin was the discoverer of Ambiortus.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Yevgeny Kurochkin discovered a new bird genus.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 73, + "example_id": 221, + "original_premises": "Ambiortus is a prehistoric bird genus.\nAmbiortus Dementjevi is the only known species of Ambiortus.\nMongolia was where Ambiortus Dementjevi lived.\nYevgeny Kurochkin was the discoverer of Ambiortus.", + "original_conclusion": "Yevgeny Kurochkin discovered a new bird genus." + }, + { + "id": "folio_222", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAmbiortus is a prehistoric bird genus.\nAmbiortus Dementjevi is the only known species of Ambiortus.\nMongolia was where Ambiortus Dementjevi lived.\nYevgeny Kurochkin was the discoverer of Ambiortus.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There is a species of Ambiortus that doesn't live in Mongolia.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 73, + "example_id": 222, + "original_premises": "Ambiortus is a prehistoric bird genus.\nAmbiortus Dementjevi is the only known species of Ambiortus.\nMongolia was where Ambiortus Dementjevi lived.\nYevgeny Kurochkin was the discoverer of Ambiortus.", + "original_conclusion": "There is a species of Ambiortus that doesn't live in Mongolia." + }, + { + "id": "folio_224", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAmbiortus is a prehistoric bird genus.\nAmbiortus Dementjevi is the only known species of Ambiortus.\nMongolia was where Ambiortus Dementjevi lived.\nYevgeny Kurochkin was the discoverer of Ambiortus.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: All species of Ambiortus live in Mongolia.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 73, + "example_id": 224, + "original_premises": "Ambiortus is a prehistoric bird genus.\nAmbiortus Dementjevi is the only known species of Ambiortus.\nMongolia was where Ambiortus Dementjevi lived.\nYevgeny Kurochkin was the discoverer of Ambiortus.", + "original_conclusion": "All species of Ambiortus live in Mongolia." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1290", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone that knows about breath-first-search knows how to use a queue. \nIf someone is a seasoned software engineer interviewer at Google, then they know what breath-first-search is. \nSomeone is either a seasoned software engineer interviewer at Google, has human rights, or both. \nEvery person who has human rights is entitled to the right to life and liberty. \nEveryone that knows how to use a queue knows about the first-in-first-out data structure. \nEveryone that is entitled to the right to life and liberty cannot be deprived of their rights without due process of law. \nJack is entitled to the right to life and liberty, has human rights, or knows about the first-in-first-out data structure. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack cannot be deprived of their rights without due process of law.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 448, + "example_id": 1290, + "original_premises": "Everyone that knows about breath-first-search knows how to use a queue. \nIf someone is a seasoned software engineer interviewer at Google, then they know what breath-first-search is. \nSomeone is either a seasoned software engineer interviewer at Google, has human rights, or both. \nEvery person who has human rights is entitled to the right to life and liberty. \nEveryone that knows how to use a queue knows about the first-in-first-out data structure. \nEveryone that is entitled to the right to life and liberty cannot be deprived of their rights without due process of law. \nJack is entitled to the right to life and liberty, has human rights, or knows about the first-in-first-out data structure. ", + "original_conclusion": "Jack cannot be deprived of their rights without due process of law." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1291", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone that knows about breath-first-search knows how to use a queue. \nIf someone is a seasoned software engineer interviewer at Google, then they know what breath-first-search is. \nSomeone is either a seasoned software engineer interviewer at Google, has human rights, or both. \nEvery person who has human rights is entitled to the right to life and liberty. \nEveryone that knows how to use a queue knows about the first-in-first-out data structure. \nEveryone that is entitled to the right to life and liberty cannot be deprived of their rights without due process of law. \nJack is entitled to the right to life and liberty, has human rights, or knows about the first-in-first-out data structure. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack can be deprived of their rights without due process of law.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 448, + "example_id": 1291, + "original_premises": "Everyone that knows about breath-first-search knows how to use a queue. \nIf someone is a seasoned software engineer interviewer at Google, then they know what breath-first-search is. \nSomeone is either a seasoned software engineer interviewer at Google, has human rights, or both. \nEvery person who has human rights is entitled to the right to life and liberty. \nEveryone that knows how to use a queue knows about the first-in-first-out data structure. \nEveryone that is entitled to the right to life and liberty cannot be deprived of their rights without due process of law. \nJack is entitled to the right to life and liberty, has human rights, or knows about the first-in-first-out data structure. ", + "original_conclusion": "Jack can be deprived of their rights without due process of law." + }, + { + "id": "folio_7", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nFort Ticonderoga is the current name for Fort Carillon.\nPierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil built Fort Carillon.\nFort Carillon was located in New France.\nNew France is not in Europe.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Pierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil built a fort in New France.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 3, + "example_id": 7, + "original_premises": "Fort Ticonderoga is the current name for Fort Carillon.\nPierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil built Fort Carillon.\nFort Carillon was located in New France.\nNew France is not in Europe.", + "original_conclusion": "Pierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil built a fort in New France." + }, + { + "id": "folio_841", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nAll centerback players are soccer defenders.\nIf Stephen Curry is an NBA player or a soccer player, then he is a professional basketball player.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Stephen Curry is a centerback player.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 328, + "example_id": 841, + "original_premises": "No soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nAll centerback players are soccer defenders.\nIf Stephen Curry is an NBA player or a soccer player, then he is a professional basketball player.", + "original_conclusion": "Stephen Curry is a centerback player." + }, + { + "id": "folio_842", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nAll centerback players are soccer defenders.\nIf Stephen Curry is an NBA player or a soccer player, then he is a professional basketball player.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Stephen Curry is not a centerback player.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 328, + "example_id": 842, + "original_premises": "No soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nAll centerback players are soccer defenders.\nIf Stephen Curry is an NBA player or a soccer player, then he is a professional basketball player.", + "original_conclusion": "Stephen Curry is not a centerback player." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1415", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo songs are visuals. \nAll folk songs are songs. \nAll videos are visuals. \nAll movies are videos.\nAll sci-fi movies are movies.\nInception is a sci-fi movie.\nMac is neither a folk song nor a sci-fi movie.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Inception is a folk song.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 484, + "example_id": 1415, + "original_premises": "No songs are visuals. \nAll folk songs are songs. \nAll videos are visuals. \nAll movies are videos.\nAll sci-fi movies are movies.\nInception is a sci-fi movie.\nMac is neither a folk song nor a sci-fi movie.", + "original_conclusion": "Inception is a folk song." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1416", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo songs are visuals. \nAll folk songs are songs. \nAll videos are visuals. \nAll movies are videos.\nAll sci-fi movies are movies.\nInception is a sci-fi movie.\nMac is neither a folk song nor a sci-fi movie.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Inception is not a folk song.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 484, + "example_id": 1416, + "original_premises": "No songs are visuals. \nAll folk songs are songs. \nAll videos are visuals. \nAll movies are videos.\nAll sci-fi movies are movies.\nInception is a sci-fi movie.\nMac is neither a folk song nor a sci-fi movie.", + "original_conclusion": "Inception is not a folk song." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1417", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo songs are visuals. \nAll folk songs are songs. \nAll videos are visuals. \nAll movies are videos.\nAll sci-fi movies are movies.\nInception is a sci-fi movie.\nMac is neither a folk song nor a sci-fi movie.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Inception is either a video or a folk song.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 484, + "example_id": 1417, + "original_premises": "No songs are visuals. \nAll folk songs are songs. \nAll videos are visuals. \nAll movies are videos.\nAll sci-fi movies are movies.\nInception is a sci-fi movie.\nMac is neither a folk song nor a sci-fi movie.", + "original_conclusion": "Inception is either a video or a folk song." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1061", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll inductive reasoning processes derive general principles from a body of observations.\nTwo major types of reasoning rules are inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. \nAll deductive reasoning processes are only based on facts and rules. \nNothing only based on facts and rules is used for statistical generalization. \nModus Ponens is not both used in inductive reasoning and used for statistical generalization. \nModus Ponens is a component of a major part of reasoning rule. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Modus Ponens derives general principles from a body of observations and is used for statistical generalization.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 393, + "example_id": 1061, + "original_premises": "All inductive reasoning processes derive general principles from a body of observations.\nTwo major types of reasoning rules are inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. \nAll deductive reasoning processes are only based on facts and rules. \nNothing only based on facts and rules is used for statistical generalization. \nModus Ponens is not both used in inductive reasoning and used for statistical generalization. \nModus Ponens is a component of a major part of reasoning rule. ", + "original_conclusion": "Modus Ponens derives general principles from a body of observations and is used for statistical generalization." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1062", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll inductive reasoning processes derive general principles from a body of observations.\nTwo major types of reasoning rules are inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. \nAll deductive reasoning processes are only based on facts and rules. \nNothing only based on facts and rules is used for statistical generalization. \nModus Ponens is not both used in inductive reasoning and used for statistical generalization. \nModus Ponens is a component of a major part of reasoning rule. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Modus Ponens either derives general principles from a body of observations and is used for statistical generalization, or neither, then Modus Ponens is is neither used in inductive reasoning nor used for statistical generalization.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 393, + "example_id": 1062, + "original_premises": "All inductive reasoning processes derive general principles from a body of observations.\nTwo major types of reasoning rules are inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. \nAll deductive reasoning processes are only based on facts and rules. \nNothing only based on facts and rules is used for statistical generalization. \nModus Ponens is not both used in inductive reasoning and used for statistical generalization. \nModus Ponens is a component of a major part of reasoning rule. ", + "original_conclusion": "If Modus Ponens either derives general principles from a body of observations and is used for statistical generalization, or neither, then Modus Ponens is is neither used in inductive reasoning nor used for statistical generalization." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1134", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack is bad at mid-range shots.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 408, + "example_id": 1134, + "original_premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack is bad at mid-range shots." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1135", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack is solid at shooting 2-pointers or bad at mid-range shots.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 408, + "example_id": 1135, + "original_premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack is solid at shooting 2-pointers or bad at mid-range shots." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1136", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack is either solid at shooting 2-pointers or bad at mid-range shots.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 408, + "example_id": 1136, + "original_premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack is either solid at shooting 2-pointers or bad at mid-range shots." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1137", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack is a trick-shot artist or bad at mid-range shots.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 408, + "example_id": 1137, + "original_premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack is a trick-shot artist or bad at mid-range shots." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1138", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack is either a trick-shot artist or bad at mid-range shots.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 408, + "example_id": 1138, + "original_premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack is either a trick-shot artist or bad at mid-range shots." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1139", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack is either a player who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers or is bad at mid-range shots.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 408, + "example_id": 1139, + "original_premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack is either a player who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers or is bad at mid-range shots." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1140", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Jack is not solid at shooting 2-pointers and bad at mid-range shots, then Jack is not solid at shooting 2-pointers and is a player who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 408, + "example_id": 1140, + "original_premises": "No trick-shot artist in Yale's varsity team struggles with half court shots.\nEveryone on Yale's varsity team is someone who struggles with half court shots or who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers. \nEveryone on Yale's varsity team who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers is solid at shooting 2-pointers. \nNo one on Yale's varsity team who is solid at shooting 2-pointers is bad at mid-range shots. \nJack is on Yale's varsity team, and he is either a trick-shot artist or he successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers.", + "original_conclusion": "If Jack is not solid at shooting 2-pointers and bad at mid-range shots, then Jack is not solid at shooting 2-pointers and is a player who successfully shoots a high percentage of 3-pointers." + }, + { + "id": "folio_715", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo plants are fungi.\nMushrooms are fungi.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No plants are mushrooms.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 271, + "example_id": 715, + "original_premises": "No plants are fungi.\nMushrooms are fungi.", + "original_conclusion": "No plants are mushrooms." + }, + { + "id": "folio_628", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNew York City is located on the East Coast. \nSeattle is located on the West Coast. \nIf a person is somewhere located on the East coast and is traveling to somewhere located on the west coast, they will be on a long flight.\nPeople in business class from New York City to Seattle are not in first class.\nPeople on long flights are uncomfortable unless they're in first class.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: People traveling in business class from New York City to Seattle will be uncomfortable.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 222, + "example_id": 628, + "original_premises": "New York City is located on the East Coast. \nSeattle is located on the West Coast. \nIf a person is somewhere located on the East coast and is traveling to somewhere located on the west coast, they will be on a long flight.\nPeople in business class from New York City to Seattle are not in first class.\nPeople on long flights are uncomfortable unless they're in first class.", + "original_conclusion": "People traveling in business class from New York City to Seattle will be uncomfortable." + }, + { + "id": "folio_357", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nMusicians have very busy lives.\nSingh Kaur is a musician and famous.\nIf a musician is not famous, that musician will not make a lot of money.\nA musician can be a singer or a writer.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Singh Kaur has a very busy life.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 118, + "example_id": 357, + "original_premises": "Musicians have very busy lives.\nSingh Kaur is a musician and famous.\nIf a musician is not famous, that musician will not make a lot of money.\nA musician can be a singer or a writer.", + "original_conclusion": "Singh Kaur has a very busy life." + }, + { + "id": "folio_375", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA cat named Garfield, the main character of the film Garfield, is orange and fat and likes having lasagna. \nGarfield shares a home with Odie, another pet of Jon's. \nGarfield hates Odie.\nA pet who hates the pet with whom he shares the same owner is childish and possessive.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The main character of the film Garfield is childish and possessive.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 126, + "example_id": 375, + "original_premises": "A cat named Garfield, the main character of the film Garfield, is orange and fat and likes having lasagna. \nGarfield shares a home with Odie, another pet of Jon's. \nGarfield hates Odie.\nA pet who hates the pet with whom he shares the same owner is childish and possessive.", + "original_conclusion": "The main character of the film Garfield is childish and possessive." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1374", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll humans are capable of abstract thoughts.\nPlants are not capable of abstract thoughts.\nAll multicellular creatures that are autotrophic or digest food internally are plants and animals.\nAll goats are animals.\nDirt is not an animal.\nHulu is a goat or a human.\nHulu is a multicellular creature that is autotrophic or digests food internally. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Hulu is dirt.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 474, + "example_id": 1374, + "original_premises": "All humans are capable of abstract thoughts.\nPlants are not capable of abstract thoughts.\nAll multicellular creatures that are autotrophic or digest food internally are plants and animals.\nAll goats are animals.\nDirt is not an animal.\nHulu is a goat or a human.\nHulu is a multicellular creature that is autotrophic or digests food internally. ", + "original_conclusion": "Hulu is dirt." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1375", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll humans are capable of abstract thoughts.\nPlants are not capable of abstract thoughts.\nAll multicellular creatures that are autotrophic or digest food internally are plants and animals.\nAll goats are animals.\nDirt is not an animal.\nHulu is a goat or a human.\nHulu is a multicellular creature that is autotrophic or digests food internally. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Hulu is an animal or dirt.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 474, + "example_id": 1375, + "original_premises": "All humans are capable of abstract thoughts.\nPlants are not capable of abstract thoughts.\nAll multicellular creatures that are autotrophic or digest food internally are plants and animals.\nAll goats are animals.\nDirt is not an animal.\nHulu is a goat or a human.\nHulu is a multicellular creature that is autotrophic or digests food internally. ", + "original_conclusion": "Hulu is an animal or dirt." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1376", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll humans are capable of abstract thoughts.\nPlants are not capable of abstract thoughts.\nAll multicellular creatures that are autotrophic or digest food internally are plants and animals.\nAll goats are animals.\nDirt is not an animal.\nHulu is a goat or a human.\nHulu is a multicellular creature that is autotrophic or digests food internally. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Hulu is either an animal or dirt, but not both.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 474, + "example_id": 1376, + "original_premises": "All humans are capable of abstract thoughts.\nPlants are not capable of abstract thoughts.\nAll multicellular creatures that are autotrophic or digest food internally are plants and animals.\nAll goats are animals.\nDirt is not an animal.\nHulu is a goat or a human.\nHulu is a multicellular creature that is autotrophic or digests food internally. ", + "original_conclusion": "Hulu is either an animal or dirt, but not both." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1377", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll humans are capable of abstract thoughts.\nPlants are not capable of abstract thoughts.\nAll multicellular creatures that are autotrophic or digest food internally are plants and animals.\nAll goats are animals.\nDirt is not an animal.\nHulu is a goat or a human.\nHulu is a multicellular creature that is autotrophic or digests food internally. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Hulu is either an animal or dirt, then Hulu is capable of abstract thoughts and is dirt.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 474, + "example_id": 1377, + "original_premises": "All humans are capable of abstract thoughts.\nPlants are not capable of abstract thoughts.\nAll multicellular creatures that are autotrophic or digest food internally are plants and animals.\nAll goats are animals.\nDirt is not an animal.\nHulu is a goat or a human.\nHulu is a multicellular creature that is autotrophic or digests food internally. ", + "original_conclusion": "If Hulu is either an animal or dirt, then Hulu is capable of abstract thoughts and is dirt." + }, + { + "id": "folio_136", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA controlled substance is a drug.\nThere exist both harmful and beneficial controlled substances.\nIf a child is exposed to a controlled substance, they are in chemical endangerment.\nChemical Endangerment is harmful. \nThe Controlled Substances Act was an act passed in 1971.\nSome Acts prevent harmful things.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Some drugs are beneficial.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 47, + "example_id": 136, + "original_premises": "A controlled substance is a drug.\nThere exist both harmful and beneficial controlled substances.\nIf a child is exposed to a controlled substance, they are in chemical endangerment.\nChemical Endangerment is harmful. \nThe Controlled Substances Act was an act passed in 1971.\nSome Acts prevent harmful things.", + "original_conclusion": "Some drugs are beneficial." + }, + { + "id": "folio_137", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA controlled substance is a drug.\nThere exist both harmful and beneficial controlled substances.\nIf a child is exposed to a controlled substance, they are in chemical endangerment.\nChemical Endangerment is harmful. \nThe Controlled Substances Act was an act passed in 1971.\nSome Acts prevent harmful things.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A child in chemical endangerment is in harm.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 47, + "example_id": 137, + "original_premises": "A controlled substance is a drug.\nThere exist both harmful and beneficial controlled substances.\nIf a child is exposed to a controlled substance, they are in chemical endangerment.\nChemical Endangerment is harmful. \nThe Controlled Substances Act was an act passed in 1971.\nSome Acts prevent harmful things.", + "original_conclusion": "A child in chemical endangerment is in harm." + }, + { + "id": "folio_817", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo people who have corporate jobs are taking more than normal financial risks.\nAll entrepreneurs are taking more than normal financial risks.\nAll risk-averse working people are people who have corporate jobs.\nAll working people who hate working for others want to be entrepreneurs.\nIf Mark Zuckerberg is neither an entrepreneur nor a person who hates working for others, then Mark Zuckerberg is not a risk-averse working person.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mark Zuckerberg is a risk-averse person.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 321, + "example_id": 817, + "original_premises": "No people who have corporate jobs are taking more than normal financial risks.\nAll entrepreneurs are taking more than normal financial risks.\nAll risk-averse working people are people who have corporate jobs.\nAll working people who hate working for others want to be entrepreneurs.\nIf Mark Zuckerberg is neither an entrepreneur nor a person who hates working for others, then Mark Zuckerberg is not a risk-averse working person.", + "original_conclusion": "Mark Zuckerberg is a risk-averse person." + }, + { + "id": "folio_818", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo people who have corporate jobs are taking more than normal financial risks.\nAll entrepreneurs are taking more than normal financial risks.\nAll risk-averse working people are people who have corporate jobs.\nAll working people who hate working for others want to be entrepreneurs.\nIf Mark Zuckerberg is neither an entrepreneur nor a person who hates working for others, then Mark Zuckerberg is not a risk-averse working person.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mark Zuckerberg is not a risk-averse person.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 321, + "example_id": 818, + "original_premises": "No people who have corporate jobs are taking more than normal financial risks.\nAll entrepreneurs are taking more than normal financial risks.\nAll risk-averse working people are people who have corporate jobs.\nAll working people who hate working for others want to be entrepreneurs.\nIf Mark Zuckerberg is neither an entrepreneur nor a person who hates working for others, then Mark Zuckerberg is not a risk-averse working person.", + "original_conclusion": "Mark Zuckerberg is not a risk-averse person." + }, + { + "id": "folio_569", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nWildfeed exists as an unannounced program.\nWildfeed can be sporting events, news, or syndicated shows.\nPre-recorded content is a copyright violation.\nPrograms are pre-recorded.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Some wildfeed is violating copyright laws.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 200, + "example_id": 569, + "original_premises": "Wildfeed exists as an unannounced program.\nWildfeed can be sporting events, news, or syndicated shows.\nPre-recorded content is a copyright violation.\nPrograms are pre-recorded.", + "original_conclusion": "Some wildfeed is violating copyright laws." + }, + { + "id": "folio_570", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nWildfeed exists as an unannounced program.\nWildfeed can be sporting events, news, or syndicated shows.\nPre-recorded content is a copyright violation.\nPrograms are pre-recorded.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Wildfeed can be prerecorded.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 200, + "example_id": 570, + "original_premises": "Wildfeed exists as an unannounced program.\nWildfeed can be sporting events, news, or syndicated shows.\nPre-recorded content is a copyright violation.\nPrograms are pre-recorded.", + "original_conclusion": "Wildfeed can be prerecorded." + }, + { + "id": "folio_376", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNew York City is Located in the United States of America.\nThe United States of America is part of North America.\nNorth America is in the western hemisphere of the earth.\nNew York City is a highly developed city.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A highly developed city is located in the western hemisphere of the earth.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 127, + "example_id": 376, + "original_premises": "New York City is Located in the United States of America.\nThe United States of America is part of North America.\nNorth America is in the western hemisphere of the earth.\nNew York City is a highly developed city.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.", + "original_conclusion": "A highly developed city is located in the western hemisphere of the earth." + }, + { + "id": "folio_377", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNew York City is Located in the United States of America.\nThe United States of America is part of North America.\nNorth America is in the western hemisphere of the earth.\nNew York City is a highly developed city.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The United States of America is not located in the western hemisphere of the earth.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 127, + "example_id": 377, + "original_premises": "New York City is Located in the United States of America.\nThe United States of America is part of North America.\nNorth America is in the western hemisphere of the earth.\nNew York City is a highly developed city.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.", + "original_conclusion": "The United States of America is not located in the western hemisphere of the earth." + }, + { + "id": "folio_427", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nCatullus 4 is a poem written by the ancient Roman writer Catullus.\nCatullus 4 is a story about the retirement of a well-traveled ship.\nThere is a strong analogy of human aging in the poem Catullus 4.\nCatullus 4 is written in an unusual iambic trimeter to convey a sense of speed over the waves.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There is a poem written by an ancient Roman writer with a strong analogy of human aging.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 146, + "example_id": 427, + "original_premises": "Catullus 4 is a poem written by the ancient Roman writer Catullus.\nCatullus 4 is a story about the retirement of a well-traveled ship.\nThere is a strong analogy of human aging in the poem Catullus 4.\nCatullus 4 is written in an unusual iambic trimeter to convey a sense of speed over the waves.", + "original_conclusion": "There is a poem written by an ancient Roman writer with a strong analogy of human aging." + }, + { + "id": "folio_429", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nCatullus 4 is a poem written by the ancient Roman writer Catullus.\nCatullus 4 is a story about the retirement of a well-traveled ship.\nThere is a strong analogy of human aging in the poem Catullus 4.\nCatullus 4 is written in an unusual iambic trimeter to convey a sense of speed over the waves.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Callus 4 is written in an unusual iambic trimeter to convey a strong analogy of human aging.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 146, + "example_id": 429, + "original_premises": "Catullus 4 is a poem written by the ancient Roman writer Catullus.\nCatullus 4 is a story about the retirement of a well-traveled ship.\nThere is a strong analogy of human aging in the poem Catullus 4.\nCatullus 4 is written in an unusual iambic trimeter to convey a sense of speed over the waves.", + "original_conclusion": "Callus 4 is written in an unusual iambic trimeter to convey a strong analogy of human aging." + }, + { + "id": "folio_666", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nWestworld is an American science fiction-thriller TV series.\nIn 2016, a television series named Westworld debuted on HBO.\nThe TV series Westworld is adapted from the original film in 1973, which was written and directed by Michael Crichton.\nThe 1973 film Westworld is about robots that malfunction and begin killing human visitors.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Michael Crichton has directed a film about malfunctioning robots.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 235, + "example_id": 666, + "original_premises": "Westworld is an American science fiction-thriller TV series.\nIn 2016, a television series named Westworld debuted on HBO.\nThe TV series Westworld is adapted from the original film in 1973, which was written and directed by Michael Crichton.\nThe 1973 film Westworld is about robots that malfunction and begin killing human visitors.", + "original_conclusion": "Michael Crichton has directed a film about malfunctioning robots." + }, + { + "id": "folio_667", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nWestworld is an American science fiction-thriller TV series.\nIn 2016, a television series named Westworld debuted on HBO.\nThe TV series Westworld is adapted from the original film in 1973, which was written and directed by Michael Crichton.\nThe 1973 film Westworld is about robots that malfunction and begin killing human visitors.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: An American TV series debuted in 2016.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 235, + "example_id": 667, + "original_premises": "Westworld is an American science fiction-thriller TV series.\nIn 2016, a television series named Westworld debuted on HBO.\nThe TV series Westworld is adapted from the original film in 1973, which was written and directed by Michael Crichton.\nThe 1973 film Westworld is about robots that malfunction and begin killing human visitors.", + "original_conclusion": "An American TV series debuted in 2016." + }, + { + "id": "folio_655", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe 2008 Summer Olympics were held in Beijing, China.\nThe 2008 Summer Olympics was the second Summer Olympic Games held in a communist state.\nChina won the most gold medals (48) in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nThe United States placed second in the gold medal tally but won the highest number of medals overall (112) in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nThe third place in the gold medal tally was achieved by Russia in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nIf a country placed third in gold medals, then it had fewer gold medals than the team that won the most gold medals.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Russia did not win fewer gold medals than China.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 231, + "example_id": 655, + "original_premises": "The 2008 Summer Olympics were held in Beijing, China.\nThe 2008 Summer Olympics was the second Summer Olympic Games held in a communist state.\nChina won the most gold medals (48) in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nThe United States placed second in the gold medal tally but won the highest number of medals overall (112) in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nThe third place in the gold medal tally was achieved by Russia in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nIf a country placed third in gold medals, then it had fewer gold medals than the team that won the most gold medals.", + "original_conclusion": "Russia did not win fewer gold medals than China." + }, + { + "id": "folio_656", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe 2008 Summer Olympics were held in Beijing, China.\nThe 2008 Summer Olympics was the second Summer Olympic Games held in a communist state.\nChina won the most gold medals (48) in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nThe United States placed second in the gold medal tally but won the highest number of medals overall (112) in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nThe third place in the gold medal tally was achieved by Russia in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nIf a country placed third in gold medals, then it had fewer gold medals than the team that won the most gold medals.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Russia won fewer gold medals than China.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 231, + "example_id": 656, + "original_premises": "The 2008 Summer Olympics were held in Beijing, China.\nThe 2008 Summer Olympics was the second Summer Olympic Games held in a communist state.\nChina won the most gold medals (48) in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nThe United States placed second in the gold medal tally but won the highest number of medals overall (112) in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nThe third place in the gold medal tally was achieved by Russia in the 2008 Summer Olympics.\nIf a country placed third in gold medals, then it had fewer gold medals than the team that won the most gold medals.", + "original_conclusion": "Russia won fewer gold medals than China." + }, + { + "id": "folio_77", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nXiufeng, Xiangshan, Diecai, Qixing are districts in the city of Guilin.\nYangshuo is not a district in Guilin. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Xiangshan and Diecai are districts in the same city.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 27, + "example_id": 77, + "original_premises": "Xiufeng, Xiangshan, Diecai, Qixing are districts in the city of Guilin.\nYangshuo is not a district in Guilin. ", + "original_conclusion": "Xiangshan and Diecai are districts in the same city." + }, + { + "id": "folio_78", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nXiufeng, Xiangshan, Diecai, Qixing are districts in the city of Guilin.\nYangshuo is not a district in Guilin. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Xiufeng is a district in Guilin.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 27, + "example_id": 78, + "original_premises": "Xiufeng, Xiangshan, Diecai, Qixing are districts in the city of Guilin.\nYangshuo is not a district in Guilin. ", + "original_conclusion": "Xiufeng is a district in Guilin." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1000", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll of Michael's neighbors who grow their own fresh vegetables in their home gardens also have ample space.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who are young working professionals and live in large cities, do not have ample space.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who order takeout from delivery services often grow their own fresh vegetables in their home garden.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who enjoy going out often to restaurants with friends order takeout from delivery services often.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who regularly tout the benefits of homegrown and homecooked meals over fast food enjoy going out often to restaurants with friends. \nPeter, Michael's neighbor, grows his own fresh vegetables in his home garden, or regularly touts the benefits of homegrown and homecooked meals over fast food, or both.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Peter is a young working professional who lives in large cities.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 375, + "example_id": 1000, + "original_premises": "All of Michael's neighbors who grow their own fresh vegetables in their home gardens also have ample space.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who are young working professionals and live in large cities, do not have ample space.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who order takeout from delivery services often grow their own fresh vegetables in their home garden.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who enjoy going out often to restaurants with friends order takeout from delivery services often.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who regularly tout the benefits of homegrown and homecooked meals over fast food enjoy going out often to restaurants with friends. \nPeter, Michael's neighbor, grows his own fresh vegetables in his home garden, or regularly touts the benefits of homegrown and homecooked meals over fast food, or both.", + "original_conclusion": "Peter is a young working professional who lives in large cities." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1001", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll of Michael's neighbors who grow their own fresh vegetables in their home gardens also have ample space.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who are young working professionals and live in large cities, do not have ample space.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who order takeout from delivery services often grow their own fresh vegetables in their home garden.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who enjoy going out often to restaurants with friends order takeout from delivery services often.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who regularly tout the benefits of homegrown and homecooked meals over fast food enjoy going out often to restaurants with friends. \nPeter, Michael's neighbor, grows his own fresh vegetables in his home garden, or regularly touts the benefits of homegrown and homecooked meals over fast food, or both.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Peter grows his own fresh vegetables in their home garden or is a young working professional who lives in large cities.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 375, + "example_id": 1001, + "original_premises": "All of Michael's neighbors who grow their own fresh vegetables in their home gardens also have ample space.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who are young working professionals and live in large cities, do not have ample space.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who order takeout from delivery services often grow their own fresh vegetables in their home garden.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who enjoy going out often to restaurants with friends order takeout from delivery services often.\nAll of Michael's neighbors who regularly tout the benefits of homegrown and homecooked meals over fast food enjoy going out often to restaurants with friends. \nPeter, Michael's neighbor, grows his own fresh vegetables in his home garden, or regularly touts the benefits of homegrown and homecooked meals over fast food, or both.", + "original_conclusion": "Peter grows his own fresh vegetables in their home garden or is a young working professional who lives in large cities." + }, + { + "id": "folio_183", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices belonging to employees are connected to the company's wifi. \nAll devices connected to Google Home are controlled by the managers. \nAll devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nModelXX belongs to employees. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: ModelXX is easy to operate.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 62, + "example_id": 183, + "original_premises": "All devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices belonging to employees are connected to the company's wifi. \nAll devices connected to Google Home are controlled by the managers. \nAll devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nModelXX belongs to employees. ", + "original_conclusion": "ModelXX is easy to operate." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1131", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo touring musicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra are permanent members of the orchestra.\nMusicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra are permanent members of an orchestra, or they have temporary roles at the orchestra.\nAll touring musicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra have temporary roles at the orchestra.\nAll musicians performing at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra who have temporary roles at the orchestra are interesting soloists.\nAll musicians performing at New Haven Symphony Orchestra who are interesting soloists are capable of attracting audiences.\nRyan is performing at New Haven Symphony Orchestra.\nIf Ryan is an interesting soloist and has a temporary role at the orchestra, then he is capable of attracting large audiences if and only if he is a touring soloist musician. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Ryan is either a permanent member of an orchestra or a touring soloist musician.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 407, + "example_id": 1131, + "original_premises": "No touring musicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra are permanent members of the orchestra.\nMusicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra are permanent members of an orchestra, or they have temporary roles at the orchestra.\nAll touring musicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra have temporary roles at the orchestra.\nAll musicians performing at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra who have temporary roles at the orchestra are interesting soloists.\nAll musicians performing at New Haven Symphony Orchestra who are interesting soloists are capable of attracting audiences.\nRyan is performing at New Haven Symphony Orchestra.\nIf Ryan is an interesting soloist and has a temporary role at the orchestra, then he is capable of attracting large audiences if and only if he is a touring soloist musician. ", + "original_conclusion": "Ryan is either a permanent member of an orchestra or a touring soloist musician." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1132", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo touring musicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra are permanent members of the orchestra.\nMusicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra are permanent members of an orchestra, or they have temporary roles at the orchestra.\nAll touring musicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra have temporary roles at the orchestra.\nAll musicians performing at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra who have temporary roles at the orchestra are interesting soloists.\nAll musicians performing at New Haven Symphony Orchestra who are interesting soloists are capable of attracting audiences.\nRyan is performing at New Haven Symphony Orchestra.\nIf Ryan is an interesting soloist and has a temporary role at the orchestra, then he is capable of attracting large audiences if and only if he is a touring soloist musician. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Ryan is either a permanent member of an orchestra or has a temporary role at the orchestra.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 407, + "example_id": 1132, + "original_premises": "No touring musicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra are permanent members of the orchestra.\nMusicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra are permanent members of an orchestra, or they have temporary roles at the orchestra.\nAll touring musicians who perform at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra have temporary roles at the orchestra.\nAll musicians performing at the New Haven Symphony Orchestra who have temporary roles at the orchestra are interesting soloists.\nAll musicians performing at New Haven Symphony Orchestra who are interesting soloists are capable of attracting audiences.\nRyan is performing at New Haven Symphony Orchestra.\nIf Ryan is an interesting soloist and has a temporary role at the orchestra, then he is capable of attracting large audiences if and only if he is a touring soloist musician. ", + "original_conclusion": "Ryan is either a permanent member of an orchestra or has a temporary role at the orchestra." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1408", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf someone in Potterville yells, then they are not cool.\nIf someone in Potterville is angry, then they yell.\nIf someone in Potterville flies, then they are cool.\nEvery person in Potterville that knows magic flies.\nAll wizards in Potterville know magic.\nHarry, who lives in Potterville either yells or flies. \nPotter, who lives in Potterville, is a wizard and flies.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Harry is a wizard or angry.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 482, + "example_id": 1408, + "original_premises": "If someone in Potterville yells, then they are not cool.\nIf someone in Potterville is angry, then they yell.\nIf someone in Potterville flies, then they are cool.\nEvery person in Potterville that knows magic flies.\nAll wizards in Potterville know magic.\nHarry, who lives in Potterville either yells or flies. \nPotter, who lives in Potterville, is a wizard and flies.", + "original_conclusion": "Harry is a wizard or angry." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1409", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf someone in Potterville yells, then they are not cool.\nIf someone in Potterville is angry, then they yell.\nIf someone in Potterville flies, then they are cool.\nEvery person in Potterville that knows magic flies.\nAll wizards in Potterville know magic.\nHarry, who lives in Potterville either yells or flies. \nPotter, who lives in Potterville, is a wizard and flies.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Harry is neither a wizard nor angry.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 482, + "example_id": 1409, + "original_premises": "If someone in Potterville yells, then they are not cool.\nIf someone in Potterville is angry, then they yell.\nIf someone in Potterville flies, then they are cool.\nEvery person in Potterville that knows magic flies.\nAll wizards in Potterville know magic.\nHarry, who lives in Potterville either yells or flies. \nPotter, who lives in Potterville, is a wizard and flies.", + "original_conclusion": "Harry is neither a wizard nor angry." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1250", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll of this brand's products are either produced in China or in the US. \nAll of this brand's products produced in China are labeled. \nAll of this brand's products produced in the US are sold in the US. \nThe products of this brand that are labeled are cheaper.\nAll of this brand's products sold in the US are sold at Walmart. \nAll products of this brand displayed on the homepage are sold at Walmart. \nNone of this brand's products that are returned by customers are sold at Walmart. \nG-910 is a product of this brand, and it is either displayed on the homepage and is cheaper, or it is neither displayed on the homepage nor is it cheaper.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: G-910 is a product returned by customers.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 436, + "example_id": 1250, + "original_premises": "All of this brand's products are either produced in China or in the US. \nAll of this brand's products produced in China are labeled. \nAll of this brand's products produced in the US are sold in the US. \nThe products of this brand that are labeled are cheaper.\nAll of this brand's products sold in the US are sold at Walmart. \nAll products of this brand displayed on the homepage are sold at Walmart. \nNone of this brand's products that are returned by customers are sold at Walmart. \nG-910 is a product of this brand, and it is either displayed on the homepage and is cheaper, or it is neither displayed on the homepage nor is it cheaper.", + "original_conclusion": "G-910 is a product returned by customers." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1251", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll of this brand's products are either produced in China or in the US. \nAll of this brand's products produced in China are labeled. \nAll of this brand's products produced in the US are sold in the US. \nThe products of this brand that are labeled are cheaper.\nAll of this brand's products sold in the US are sold at Walmart. \nAll products of this brand displayed on the homepage are sold at Walmart. \nNone of this brand's products that are returned by customers are sold at Walmart. \nG-910 is a product of this brand, and it is either displayed on the homepage and is cheaper, or it is neither displayed on the homepage nor is it cheaper.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: G-910 is a product returned by customers or sold in Walmart.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 436, + "example_id": 1251, + "original_premises": "All of this brand's products are either produced in China or in the US. \nAll of this brand's products produced in China are labeled. \nAll of this brand's products produced in the US are sold in the US. \nThe products of this brand that are labeled are cheaper.\nAll of this brand's products sold in the US are sold at Walmart. \nAll products of this brand displayed on the homepage are sold at Walmart. \nNone of this brand's products that are returned by customers are sold at Walmart. \nG-910 is a product of this brand, and it is either displayed on the homepage and is cheaper, or it is neither displayed on the homepage nor is it cheaper.", + "original_conclusion": "G-910 is a product returned by customers or sold in Walmart." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1252", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll of this brand's products are either produced in China or in the US. \nAll of this brand's products produced in China are labeled. \nAll of this brand's products produced in the US are sold in the US. \nThe products of this brand that are labeled are cheaper.\nAll of this brand's products sold in the US are sold at Walmart. \nAll products of this brand displayed on the homepage are sold at Walmart. \nNone of this brand's products that are returned by customers are sold at Walmart. \nG-910 is a product of this brand, and it is either displayed on the homepage and is cheaper, or it is neither displayed on the homepage nor is it cheaper.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: G-910 is either returned by customers or sold in Walmart.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 436, + "example_id": 1252, + "original_premises": "All of this brand's products are either produced in China or in the US. \nAll of this brand's products produced in China are labeled. \nAll of this brand's products produced in the US are sold in the US. \nThe products of this brand that are labeled are cheaper.\nAll of this brand's products sold in the US are sold at Walmart. \nAll products of this brand displayed on the homepage are sold at Walmart. \nNone of this brand's products that are returned by customers are sold at Walmart. \nG-910 is a product of this brand, and it is either displayed on the homepage and is cheaper, or it is neither displayed on the homepage nor is it cheaper.", + "original_conclusion": "G-910 is either returned by customers or sold in Walmart." + }, + { + "id": "folio_939", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPeople either believe in Santa Claus, or think he is made up.\nPeople who believe in Santa Claus expect to get presents on Christmas morning.\nPeople who think Santa Claus is made up, then they would be surprised to see him in their house.\nPeople who expect presents on Christmas morning are excited for it to be Christmas.\nIf people would be surprised to see Santa Claus in their house, then they don't leave out cookies on Chrismtas Eve.\nMercy is not someone who expects presents Christmas morning, is excited for Chrismtas, and believes in Santa Claus.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Marcy either believes in Santa Claus or doesn't leave cookies out on Christmas Eve.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 354, + "example_id": 939, + "original_premises": "People either believe in Santa Claus, or think he is made up.\nPeople who believe in Santa Claus expect to get presents on Christmas morning.\nPeople who think Santa Claus is made up, then they would be surprised to see him in their house.\nPeople who expect presents on Christmas morning are excited for it to be Christmas.\nIf people would be surprised to see Santa Claus in their house, then they don't leave out cookies on Chrismtas Eve.\nMercy is not someone who expects presents Christmas morning, is excited for Chrismtas, and believes in Santa Claus.", + "original_conclusion": "Marcy either believes in Santa Claus or doesn't leave cookies out on Christmas Eve." + }, + { + "id": "folio_940", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPeople either believe in Santa Claus, or think he is made up.\nPeople who believe in Santa Claus expect to get presents on Christmas morning.\nPeople who think Santa Claus is made up, then they would be surprised to see him in their house.\nPeople who expect presents on Christmas morning are excited for it to be Christmas.\nIf people would be surprised to see Santa Claus in their house, then they don't leave out cookies on Chrismtas Eve.\nMercy is not someone who expects presents Christmas morning, is excited for Chrismtas, and believes in Santa Claus.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Marcy is not someone who both leaves out cookies on Chrismtas eve and thinks Santa Claus is made up, or Marcy believes in Santa Claus.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 354, + "example_id": 940, + "original_premises": "People either believe in Santa Claus, or think he is made up.\nPeople who believe in Santa Claus expect to get presents on Christmas morning.\nPeople who think Santa Claus is made up, then they would be surprised to see him in their house.\nPeople who expect presents on Christmas morning are excited for it to be Christmas.\nIf people would be surprised to see Santa Claus in their house, then they don't leave out cookies on Chrismtas Eve.\nMercy is not someone who expects presents Christmas morning, is excited for Chrismtas, and believes in Santa Claus.", + "original_conclusion": "Marcy is not someone who both leaves out cookies on Chrismtas eve and thinks Santa Claus is made up, or Marcy believes in Santa Claus." + }, + { + "id": "folio_897", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo battery-powered watch is automatic.\nAll digital watches are battery-powered.\nSome mechanical watches are automatic.\nAll smart watches are digital.\nMoonwatch is either a digital watch and an automatic, or it is neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Moonwatch is a smartwatch and a mechanical watch.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 341, + "example_id": 897, + "original_premises": "No battery-powered watch is automatic.\nAll digital watches are battery-powered.\nSome mechanical watches are automatic.\nAll smart watches are digital.\nMoonwatch is either a digital watch and an automatic, or it is neither.", + "original_conclusion": "Moonwatch is a smartwatch and a mechanical watch." + }, + { + "id": "folio_898", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo battery-powered watch is automatic.\nAll digital watches are battery-powered.\nSome mechanical watches are automatic.\nAll smart watches are digital.\nMoonwatch is either a digital watch and an automatic, or it is neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Moonwatch is a smartwatch and a mechanical watch, then Moonwatch is not a mechanical watch.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 341, + "example_id": 898, + "original_premises": "No battery-powered watch is automatic.\nAll digital watches are battery-powered.\nSome mechanical watches are automatic.\nAll smart watches are digital.\nMoonwatch is either a digital watch and an automatic, or it is neither.", + "original_conclusion": "If Moonwatch is a smartwatch and a mechanical watch, then Moonwatch is not a mechanical watch." + }, + { + "id": "folio_899", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo battery-powered watch is automatic.\nAll digital watches are battery-powered.\nSome mechanical watches are automatic.\nAll smart watches are digital.\nMoonwatch is either a digital watch and an automatic, or it is neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Moonwatch is a mechanical or battery-powered watch, then Moonwatch is not a smartwatch.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 341, + "example_id": 899, + "original_premises": "No battery-powered watch is automatic.\nAll digital watches are battery-powered.\nSome mechanical watches are automatic.\nAll smart watches are digital.\nMoonwatch is either a digital watch and an automatic, or it is neither.", + "original_conclusion": "If Moonwatch is a mechanical or battery-powered watch, then Moonwatch is not a smartwatch." + }, + { + "id": "folio_686", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a person can distinguish the taste of different condiments, then they can also use different condiments for cooking.\nPeople who have a talent of cooking can distinguish the taste of different condiments.\nOnly people with the talent of cooking can make delicious meals.\nIf the meal is popular at the party, then it is delicious.\nJohn can make meals which are popular at the party.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: John cannot use different condiments for cooking.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 243, + "example_id": 686, + "original_premises": "If a person can distinguish the taste of different condiments, then they can also use different condiments for cooking.\nPeople who have a talent of cooking can distinguish the taste of different condiments.\nOnly people with the talent of cooking can make delicious meals.\nIf the meal is popular at the party, then it is delicious.\nJohn can make meals which are popular at the party.", + "original_conclusion": "John cannot use different condiments for cooking." + }, + { + "id": "folio_696", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nFor a country, if effective monetary policy is possible, it must have successful inflation control and a strong national currency.\nA country cannot simultaneously regulate the exchange rate and successfully control inflation.\nThe introduction of an embargo on foreign trade goods in a country leads to a sharp decrease in exports.\nIf exports fall sharply, this country's national currency cannot be strong.\nInflation control is required to have a strong national currency. \nThere is an embargo on Russian foreign trade goods.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: In Russia, an effective monetary policy is possible.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 252, + "example_id": 696, + "original_premises": "For a country, if effective monetary policy is possible, it must have successful inflation control and a strong national currency.\nA country cannot simultaneously regulate the exchange rate and successfully control inflation.\nThe introduction of an embargo on foreign trade goods in a country leads to a sharp decrease in exports.\nIf exports fall sharply, this country's national currency cannot be strong.\nInflation control is required to have a strong national currency. \nThere is an embargo on Russian foreign trade goods.", + "original_conclusion": "In Russia, an effective monetary policy is possible." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1383", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll phones are things.\nAll cell phones are phones. \nAll iPhones are cell phones. \nAll employees are wage earners.\nAll wage earners are human. \nJack is either an employee or a wage earner.\nJack is either a human or a phone.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack is a thing and an iPhone.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 476, + "example_id": 1383, + "original_premises": "All phones are things.\nAll cell phones are phones. \nAll iPhones are cell phones. \nAll employees are wage earners.\nAll wage earners are human. \nJack is either an employee or a wage earner.\nJack is either a human or a phone.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack is a thing and an iPhone." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1384", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll phones are things.\nAll cell phones are phones. \nAll iPhones are cell phones. \nAll employees are wage earners.\nAll wage earners are human. \nJack is either an employee or a wage earner.\nJack is either a human or a phone.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack is not both a thing and an iPhone.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 476, + "example_id": 1384, + "original_premises": "All phones are things.\nAll cell phones are phones. \nAll iPhones are cell phones. \nAll employees are wage earners.\nAll wage earners are human. \nJack is either an employee or a wage earner.\nJack is either a human or a phone.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack is not both a thing and an iPhone." + }, + { + "id": "folio_733", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll iPhones are electronic.\nSome phones are iPhones.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No phones are electronic.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 289, + "example_id": 733, + "original_premises": "All iPhones are electronic.\nSome phones are iPhones.", + "original_conclusion": "No phones are electronic." + }, + { + "id": "folio_110", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Metropolitan Museum of Art is a museum in NYC.\nWhitney Museum of American Art is a museum in NYC.\nThe Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is a museum in NYC. \nThe Metropolitan Museum of Art includes Byzantine and Islamic Art. \nWhitney Museum of American Art includes American art.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A museum in NYC includes Byzantine and Islamic Art.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 38, + "example_id": 110, + "original_premises": "The Metropolitan Museum of Art is a museum in NYC.\nWhitney Museum of American Art is a museum in NYC.\nThe Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is a museum in NYC. \nThe Metropolitan Museum of Art includes Byzantine and Islamic Art. \nWhitney Museum of American Art includes American art.", + "original_conclusion": "A museum in NYC includes Byzantine and Islamic Art." + }, + { + "id": "folio_111", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Metropolitan Museum of Art is a museum in NYC.\nWhitney Museum of American Art is a museum in NYC.\nThe Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is a museum in NYC. \nThe Metropolitan Museum of Art includes Byzantine and Islamic Art. \nWhitney Museum of American Art includes American art.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A museum in NYC includes American art.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 38, + "example_id": 111, + "original_premises": "The Metropolitan Museum of Art is a museum in NYC.\nWhitney Museum of American Art is a museum in NYC.\nThe Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is a museum in NYC. \nThe Metropolitan Museum of Art includes Byzantine and Islamic Art. \nWhitney Museum of American Art includes American art.", + "original_conclusion": "A museum in NYC includes American art." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1118", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere's a person in Benji's family who likes eating cheese or is a francophile.\nThere is no francophile in Benji's family whose favorite country is Spain.\nThere is a person in Benji's family who likes eating cheese or whose favorite country is Spain.\nFabien is in Benji's family and does not both study Spanish and also like eating cheese.\nFabien studies Spanish.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Fabien is either a person who likes eating cheese or a francophile, then Fabien is neither a person who studies Spanish nor a person who is a francophile.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 403, + "example_id": 1118, + "original_premises": "There's a person in Benji's family who likes eating cheese or is a francophile.\nThere is no francophile in Benji's family whose favorite country is Spain.\nThere is a person in Benji's family who likes eating cheese or whose favorite country is Spain.\nFabien is in Benji's family and does not both study Spanish and also like eating cheese.\nFabien studies Spanish.", + "original_conclusion": "If Fabien is either a person who likes eating cheese or a francophile, then Fabien is neither a person who studies Spanish nor a person who is a francophile." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1119", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere's a person in Benji's family who likes eating cheese or is a francophile.\nThere is no francophile in Benji's family whose favorite country is Spain.\nThere is a person in Benji's family who likes eating cheese or whose favorite country is Spain.\nFabien is in Benji's family and does not both study Spanish and also like eating cheese.\nFabien studies Spanish.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Fabien is a person who likes Spain as their favorite country or is a francophile, then Fabien is either a person who studies Spanish or a person who likes Spain as their favorite country.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 403, + "example_id": 1119, + "original_premises": "There's a person in Benji's family who likes eating cheese or is a francophile.\nThere is no francophile in Benji's family whose favorite country is Spain.\nThere is a person in Benji's family who likes eating cheese or whose favorite country is Spain.\nFabien is in Benji's family and does not both study Spanish and also like eating cheese.\nFabien studies Spanish.", + "original_conclusion": "If Fabien is a person who likes Spain as their favorite country or is a francophile, then Fabien is either a person who studies Spanish or a person who likes Spain as their favorite country." + }, + { + "id": "folio_84", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nGasteren is a village located in the province of Drenthe.\nDrenthe is a Dutch province. \nNo cities are villages.\nThe population of a village in Drenthe was 155 people.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Gasteren is a city.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 29, + "example_id": 84, + "original_premises": "Gasteren is a village located in the province of Drenthe.\nDrenthe is a Dutch province. \nNo cities are villages.\nThe population of a village in Drenthe was 155 people.", + "original_conclusion": "Gasteren is a city." + }, + { + "id": "folio_599", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe only types of mammals that lay eggs are either platypuses or echidnas.\nPlatypuses are not hyrax.\nEchidnas are not hyrax.\nNo mammals are invertebrates.\nAll animals are either vertebrates or invertebrates.\nMammals are animals.\nHyraxes are mammals.\nGrebes lay eggs.\nGrebes are not platypuses and also not echidnas.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Hyraxes lay eggs.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 210, + "example_id": 599, + "original_premises": "The only types of mammals that lay eggs are either platypuses or echidnas.\nPlatypuses are not hyrax.\nEchidnas are not hyrax.\nNo mammals are invertebrates.\nAll animals are either vertebrates or invertebrates.\nMammals are animals.\nHyraxes are mammals.\nGrebes lay eggs.\nGrebes are not platypuses and also not echidnas.", + "original_conclusion": "Hyraxes lay eggs." + }, + { + "id": "folio_600", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe only types of mammals that lay eggs are either platypuses or echidnas.\nPlatypuses are not hyrax.\nEchidnas are not hyrax.\nNo mammals are invertebrates.\nAll animals are either vertebrates or invertebrates.\nMammals are animals.\nHyraxes are mammals.\nGrebes lay eggs.\nGrebes are not platypuses and also not echidnas.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Grebes are not mammals.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 210, + "example_id": 600, + "original_premises": "The only types of mammals that lay eggs are either platypuses or echidnas.\nPlatypuses are not hyrax.\nEchidnas are not hyrax.\nNo mammals are invertebrates.\nAll animals are either vertebrates or invertebrates.\nMammals are animals.\nHyraxes are mammals.\nGrebes lay eggs.\nGrebes are not platypuses and also not echidnas.", + "original_conclusion": "Grebes are not mammals." + }, + { + "id": "folio_270", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBobby Flynn is a singer-songwriter. \nBobby Flynn finished 7th while competing on Australian Idol.\nAustralian Idol competitors are Australian citizens.\nThe Omega Three band made a nationwide tour in 2007.\nBobby Flynn is a member of The Omega Three band.\nBobby Flynn was born in Queensland.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Bobby Flynn is an Australian citizen.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 89, + "example_id": 270, + "original_premises": "Bobby Flynn is a singer-songwriter. \nBobby Flynn finished 7th while competing on Australian Idol.\nAustralian Idol competitors are Australian citizens.\nThe Omega Three band made a nationwide tour in 2007.\nBobby Flynn is a member of The Omega Three band.\nBobby Flynn was born in Queensland.", + "original_conclusion": "Bobby Flynn is an Australian citizen." + }, + { + "id": "folio_295", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nMaggie Friedman is an American screenwriter and producer.\nMaggie Friedman was the showrunner and executive producer of the lifetime television series Witches of East End.\nWitches of East End is a fantasy-drama series.\nMaggie Friedman produced and developed Eastwick.\nEastwick is a series by ABC.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There is a series by ABC that was developed by the showrunner of Witches of East End.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 98, + "example_id": 295, + "original_premises": "Maggie Friedman is an American screenwriter and producer.\nMaggie Friedman was the showrunner and executive producer of the lifetime television series Witches of East End.\nWitches of East End is a fantasy-drama series.\nMaggie Friedman produced and developed Eastwick.\nEastwick is a series by ABC.", + "original_conclusion": "There is a series by ABC that was developed by the showrunner of Witches of East End." + }, + { + "id": "folio_296", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nMaggie Friedman is an American screenwriter and producer.\nMaggie Friedman was the showrunner and executive producer of the lifetime television series Witches of East End.\nWitches of East End is a fantasy-drama series.\nMaggie Friedman produced and developed Eastwick.\nEastwick is a series by ABC.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No series by ABC was developed by the showrunner of Witches of East End.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 98, + "example_id": 296, + "original_premises": "Maggie Friedman is an American screenwriter and producer.\nMaggie Friedman was the showrunner and executive producer of the lifetime television series Witches of East End.\nWitches of East End is a fantasy-drama series.\nMaggie Friedman produced and developed Eastwick.\nEastwick is a series by ABC.", + "original_conclusion": "No series by ABC was developed by the showrunner of Witches of East End." + }, + { + "id": "folio_358", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEvangelos Eleftheriou is a Greek electrical engineer.\nEvangelos Eleftheriou worked for IBM in Zurich.\nIf a company has employees working for them somewhere, then they have an office there.\nIBM is a company.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: IBM has an office in London or Zurich or both.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 119, + "example_id": 358, + "original_premises": "Evangelos Eleftheriou is a Greek electrical engineer.\nEvangelos Eleftheriou worked for IBM in Zurich.\nIf a company has employees working for them somewhere, then they have an office there.\nIBM is a company.", + "original_conclusion": "IBM has an office in London or Zurich or both." + }, + { + "id": "folio_359", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEvangelos Eleftheriou is a Greek electrical engineer.\nEvangelos Eleftheriou worked for IBM in Zurich.\nIf a company has employees working for them somewhere, then they have an office there.\nIBM is a company.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No Greeks have worked for IBM.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 119, + "example_id": 359, + "original_premises": "Evangelos Eleftheriou is a Greek electrical engineer.\nEvangelos Eleftheriou worked for IBM in Zurich.\nIf a company has employees working for them somewhere, then they have an office there.\nIBM is a company.", + "original_conclusion": "No Greeks have worked for IBM." + }, + { + "id": "folio_432", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBoney M. had several German #1 singles.\n\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was a big hit all over Europe.\n\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was not in German #1 singles.\nA song that peaks below #1 on the german charts is also a song that is not the #1 single in Germany.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: \"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was the #1 hit in Germany.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 148, + "example_id": 432, + "original_premises": "Boney M. had several German #1 singles.\n\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was a big hit all over Europe.\n\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was not in German #1 singles.\nA song that peaks below #1 on the german charts is also a song that is not the #1 single in Germany.", + "original_conclusion": "\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was the #1 hit in Germany." + }, + { + "id": "folio_433", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBoney M. had several German #1 singles.\n\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was a big hit all over Europe.\n\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was not in German #1 singles.\nA song that peaks below #1 on the german charts is also a song that is not the #1 single in Germany.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: \"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" peaked below #1 on the German charts.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 148, + "example_id": 433, + "original_premises": "Boney M. had several German #1 singles.\n\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was a big hit all over Europe.\n\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" was not in German #1 singles.\nA song that peaks below #1 on the german charts is also a song that is not the #1 single in Germany.", + "original_conclusion": "\"Hooray! Hooray! It's a Holi-Holiday!\" peaked below #1 on the German charts." + }, + { + "id": "folio_692", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEvery chef can cook.\nSome people who aren\u2019t chefs can cook.\nPeople who cook can make scrambled eggs and pasta.\nIf someone can make cookies and muffins, they are a baker.\nBakers who can also make scrambled eggs can make a good breakfast.\nLuke can make cookies, scrambled eggs, and muffins, but not pasta.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Luke can make a good breakfast.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 249, + "example_id": 692, + "original_premises": "Every chef can cook.\nSome people who aren\u2019t chefs can cook.\nPeople who cook can make scrambled eggs and pasta.\nIf someone can make cookies and muffins, they are a baker.\nBakers who can also make scrambled eggs can make a good breakfast.\nLuke can make cookies, scrambled eggs, and muffins, but not pasta.", + "original_conclusion": "Luke can make a good breakfast." + }, + { + "id": "folio_693", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEvery chef can cook.\nSome people who aren\u2019t chefs can cook.\nPeople who cook can make scrambled eggs and pasta.\nIf someone can make cookies and muffins, they are a baker.\nBakers who can also make scrambled eggs can make a good breakfast.\nLuke can make cookies, scrambled eggs, and muffins, but not pasta.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Luke is a chef.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 249, + "example_id": 693, + "original_premises": "Every chef can cook.\nSome people who aren\u2019t chefs can cook.\nPeople who cook can make scrambled eggs and pasta.\nIf someone can make cookies and muffins, they are a baker.\nBakers who can also make scrambled eggs can make a good breakfast.\nLuke can make cookies, scrambled eggs, and muffins, but not pasta.", + "original_conclusion": "Luke is a chef." + }, + { + "id": "folio_557", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nETS develops various standardized tests primarily in the United States for K-12 and higher education. \nETS administers international tests, including the TOEFL, TOEIC, GRE, and subject tests.\nMany of the assessments ETS develops are associated with entry to the US tertiary and quaternary education institutions. \nETS also develops K-12 statewide assessments used for accountability testing in many states.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: ETS develops assessments for K-12 statewide as well as entry to US tertiary and quaternary education institutions.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 196, + "example_id": 557, + "original_premises": "ETS develops various standardized tests primarily in the United States for K-12 and higher education. \nETS administers international tests, including the TOEFL, TOEIC, GRE, and subject tests.\nMany of the assessments ETS develops are associated with entry to the US tertiary and quaternary education institutions. \nETS also develops K-12 statewide assessments used for accountability testing in many states.", + "original_conclusion": "ETS develops assessments for K-12 statewide as well as entry to US tertiary and quaternary education institutions." + }, + { + "id": "folio_558", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nETS develops various standardized tests primarily in the United States for K-12 and higher education. \nETS administers international tests, including the TOEFL, TOEIC, GRE, and subject tests.\nMany of the assessments ETS develops are associated with entry to the US tertiary and quaternary education institutions. \nETS also develops K-12 statewide assessments used for accountability testing in many states.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: ETS doesn't administer tests internationally.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 196, + "example_id": 558, + "original_premises": "ETS develops various standardized tests primarily in the United States for K-12 and higher education. \nETS administers international tests, including the TOEFL, TOEIC, GRE, and subject tests.\nMany of the assessments ETS develops are associated with entry to the US tertiary and quaternary education institutions. \nETS also develops K-12 statewide assessments used for accountability testing in many states.", + "original_conclusion": "ETS doesn't administer tests internationally." + }, + { + "id": "folio_993", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll hodophiles who enjoy eating gelato ice cream would enjoy a vacation to Italy.\nNo hodophiles can resist the hallmark delectable desserts famous in Italy.\nHodophiles enjoy eating gelato ice cream or love to travel and vacation often, or both.\nNo hodophiles who study abroad in Europe regret their college experiences.\nIf hodophiles love to travel and vacation often, then they study abroad in Europe.\nRobert is a hodophile, and he either enjoys eating gelato ice cream and loves to travel and vacation often, or does not enjoy eating gelato ice cream and does not love to travel and vacation often.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Robert can resist the hallmark delectable desserts that are famous in Italy.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 373, + "example_id": 993, + "original_premises": "All hodophiles who enjoy eating gelato ice cream would enjoy a vacation to Italy.\nNo hodophiles can resist the hallmark delectable desserts famous in Italy.\nHodophiles enjoy eating gelato ice cream or love to travel and vacation often, or both.\nNo hodophiles who study abroad in Europe regret their college experiences.\nIf hodophiles love to travel and vacation often, then they study abroad in Europe.\nRobert is a hodophile, and he either enjoys eating gelato ice cream and loves to travel and vacation often, or does not enjoy eating gelato ice cream and does not love to travel and vacation often.", + "original_conclusion": "Robert can resist the hallmark delectable desserts that are famous in Italy." + }, + { + "id": "folio_994", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll hodophiles who enjoy eating gelato ice cream would enjoy a vacation to Italy.\nNo hodophiles can resist the hallmark delectable desserts famous in Italy.\nHodophiles enjoy eating gelato ice cream or love to travel and vacation often, or both.\nNo hodophiles who study abroad in Europe regret their college experiences.\nIf hodophiles love to travel and vacation often, then they study abroad in Europe.\nRobert is a hodophile, and he either enjoys eating gelato ice cream and loves to travel and vacation often, or does not enjoy eating gelato ice cream and does not love to travel and vacation often.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Robert either would both enjoy a vacation to Italy and regrets his college experiences or neither would enjoy a vacation to Italy nor regrets his college experiences, then Robert would either enjoy a vacation to Italy or he can resist the hallmark delectable desserts that are famous in Italy.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 373, + "example_id": 994, + "original_premises": "All hodophiles who enjoy eating gelato ice cream would enjoy a vacation to Italy.\nNo hodophiles can resist the hallmark delectable desserts famous in Italy.\nHodophiles enjoy eating gelato ice cream or love to travel and vacation often, or both.\nNo hodophiles who study abroad in Europe regret their college experiences.\nIf hodophiles love to travel and vacation often, then they study abroad in Europe.\nRobert is a hodophile, and he either enjoys eating gelato ice cream and loves to travel and vacation often, or does not enjoy eating gelato ice cream and does not love to travel and vacation often.", + "original_conclusion": "If Robert either would both enjoy a vacation to Italy and regrets his college experiences or neither would enjoy a vacation to Italy nor regrets his college experiences, then Robert would either enjoy a vacation to Italy or he can resist the hallmark delectable desserts that are famous in Italy." + }, + { + "id": "folio_995", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll hodophiles who enjoy eating gelato ice cream would enjoy a vacation to Italy.\nNo hodophiles can resist the hallmark delectable desserts famous in Italy.\nHodophiles enjoy eating gelato ice cream or love to travel and vacation often, or both.\nNo hodophiles who study abroad in Europe regret their college experiences.\nIf hodophiles love to travel and vacation often, then they study abroad in Europe.\nRobert is a hodophile, and he either enjoys eating gelato ice cream and loves to travel and vacation often, or does not enjoy eating gelato ice cream and does not love to travel and vacation often.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Robert is not both a person who can resist the hallmark delectable desserts that are famous in Italy and regrets his college experiences, then Robert either enjoys eating gelato ice cream or would enjoy a vacation to Italy.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 373, + "example_id": 995, + "original_premises": "All hodophiles who enjoy eating gelato ice cream would enjoy a vacation to Italy.\nNo hodophiles can resist the hallmark delectable desserts famous in Italy.\nHodophiles enjoy eating gelato ice cream or love to travel and vacation often, or both.\nNo hodophiles who study abroad in Europe regret their college experiences.\nIf hodophiles love to travel and vacation often, then they study abroad in Europe.\nRobert is a hodophile, and he either enjoys eating gelato ice cream and loves to travel and vacation often, or does not enjoy eating gelato ice cream and does not love to travel and vacation often.", + "original_conclusion": "If Robert is not both a person who can resist the hallmark delectable desserts that are famous in Italy and regrets his college experiences, then Robert either enjoys eating gelato ice cream or would enjoy a vacation to Italy." + }, + { + "id": "folio_776", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTo have the authorization to study in the United States as a foreigner, you must be enrolled in an academic program.\nThose who are enrolled in an academic program can not work full-time.\nEvery who studies in the United States as a foreigner has the authorization to study in the U.S.\nAll PhD graduate can work full-time. \nIf Tom does not study in the United States as a foreigner, he is enrolled in an academic program.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Tom is a PhD graduate.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 312, + "example_id": 776, + "original_premises": "To have the authorization to study in the United States as a foreigner, you must be enrolled in an academic program.\nThose who are enrolled in an academic program can not work full-time.\nEvery who studies in the United States as a foreigner has the authorization to study in the U.S.\nAll PhD graduate can work full-time. \nIf Tom does not study in the United States as a foreigner, he is enrolled in an academic program.", + "original_conclusion": "Tom is a PhD graduate." + }, + { + "id": "folio_777", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTo have the authorization to study in the United States as a foreigner, you must be enrolled in an academic program.\nThose who are enrolled in an academic program can not work full-time.\nEvery who studies in the United States as a foreigner has the authorization to study in the U.S.\nAll PhD graduate can work full-time. \nIf Tom does not study in the United States as a foreigner, he is enrolled in an academic program.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Tom is not a PhD graduate.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 312, + "example_id": 777, + "original_premises": "To have the authorization to study in the United States as a foreigner, you must be enrolled in an academic program.\nThose who are enrolled in an academic program can not work full-time.\nEvery who studies in the United States as a foreigner has the authorization to study in the U.S.\nAll PhD graduate can work full-time. \nIf Tom does not study in the United States as a foreigner, he is enrolled in an academic program.", + "original_conclusion": "Tom is not a PhD graduate." + }, + { + "id": "folio_395", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIslip Speedway is the smallest race track.\nThere was a demolition derby on the smallest race track.\nIslip is either demolished or still being used.\nSpeedways that are still being used have races held at them.\nIslip doesn't have races held at it.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There has been a demolition derby somewhere that has since been demolished.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 134, + "example_id": 395, + "original_premises": "Islip Speedway is the smallest race track.\nThere was a demolition derby on the smallest race track.\nIslip is either demolished or still being used.\nSpeedways that are still being used have races held at them.\nIslip doesn't have races held at it.", + "original_conclusion": "There has been a demolition derby somewhere that has since been demolished." + }, + { + "id": "folio_396", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIslip Speedway is the smallest race track.\nThere was a demolition derby on the smallest race track.\nIslip is either demolished or still being used.\nSpeedways that are still being used have races held at them.\nIslip doesn't have races held at it.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Islip was demolished.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 134, + "example_id": 396, + "original_premises": "Islip Speedway is the smallest race track.\nThere was a demolition derby on the smallest race track.\nIslip is either demolished or still being used.\nSpeedways that are still being used have races held at them.\nIslip doesn't have races held at it.", + "original_conclusion": "Islip was demolished." + }, + { + "id": "folio_397", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIslip Speedway is the smallest race track.\nThere was a demolition derby on the smallest race track.\nIslip is either demolished or still being used.\nSpeedways that are still being used have races held at them.\nIslip doesn't have races held at it.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Islip is still being used.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 134, + "example_id": 397, + "original_premises": "Islip Speedway is the smallest race track.\nThere was a demolition derby on the smallest race track.\nIslip is either demolished or still being used.\nSpeedways that are still being used have races held at them.\nIslip doesn't have races held at it.", + "original_conclusion": "Islip is still being used." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1213", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a person pays their taxes, then they contribute to the country. \nEveryone who works for a government department pays a tax on their salary. \nEveryone in the army is an employee of a government department.\nEveryone convicted of murder goes to prison. \nEveryone who has been to prison has a criminal record.\nJames was either once convicted of murder, or spent time in prison.\nJames either has a criminal record, or pays his taxes. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James contributes to the country and he serves in the army.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 427, + "example_id": 1213, + "original_premises": "If a person pays their taxes, then they contribute to the country. \nEveryone who works for a government department pays a tax on their salary. \nEveryone in the army is an employee of a government department.\nEveryone convicted of murder goes to prison. \nEveryone who has been to prison has a criminal record.\nJames was either once convicted of murder, or spent time in prison.\nJames either has a criminal record, or pays his taxes. ", + "original_conclusion": "James contributes to the country and he serves in the army." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1214", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a person pays their taxes, then they contribute to the country. \nEveryone who works for a government department pays a tax on their salary. \nEveryone in the army is an employee of a government department.\nEveryone convicted of murder goes to prison. \nEveryone who has been to prison has a criminal record.\nJames was either once convicted of murder, or spent time in prison.\nJames either has a criminal record, or pays his taxes. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James does not contribute to the country and does not serve in the army.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 427, + "example_id": 1214, + "original_premises": "If a person pays their taxes, then they contribute to the country. \nEveryone who works for a government department pays a tax on their salary. \nEveryone in the army is an employee of a government department.\nEveryone convicted of murder goes to prison. \nEveryone who has been to prison has a criminal record.\nJames was either once convicted of murder, or spent time in prison.\nJames either has a criminal record, or pays his taxes. ", + "original_conclusion": "James does not contribute to the country and does not serve in the army." + }, + { + "id": "folio_32", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Croton River watershed is the drainage basin of the Croton River.\nThe Croton River is in southwestern New York.\nWater from the Croton River watershed flows to the Bronx.\nThe Bronx is in New York.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Water from the Croton River watershed flows to somewhere in New York.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 12, + "example_id": 32, + "original_premises": "The Croton River watershed is the drainage basin of the Croton River.\nThe Croton River is in southwestern New York.\nWater from the Croton River watershed flows to the Bronx.\nThe Bronx is in New York.", + "original_conclusion": "Water from the Croton River watershed flows to somewhere in New York." + }, + { + "id": "folio_198", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf an album is written by a rock band, then the genre of the album is rock.\nIf a band writes an album winning an award, then this band wins this award.\nTrouble at the Henhouse is an album by The Tragically Hip.\nThe Tragically Hip is a Canadian rock band.\nThe song \"Butts Wigglin'\" is in Trouble at the Henhouse.\nTrouble at the Henhouse won the Album of the Year award.\nA song in Trouble at the Henhouse appeared in a film.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The genre of Trouble at the Henhouse is rock.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 67, + "example_id": 198, + "original_premises": "If an album is written by a rock band, then the genre of the album is rock.\nIf a band writes an album winning an award, then this band wins this award.\nTrouble at the Henhouse is an album by The Tragically Hip.\nThe Tragically Hip is a Canadian rock band.\nThe song \"Butts Wigglin'\" is in Trouble at the Henhouse.\nTrouble at the Henhouse won the Album of the Year award.\nA song in Trouble at the Henhouse appeared in a film.", + "original_conclusion": "The genre of Trouble at the Henhouse is rock." + }, + { + "id": "folio_199", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf an album is written by a rock band, then the genre of the album is rock.\nIf a band writes an album winning an award, then this band wins this award.\nTrouble at the Henhouse is an album by The Tragically Hip.\nThe Tragically Hip is a Canadian rock band.\nThe song \"Butts Wigglin'\" is in Trouble at the Henhouse.\nTrouble at the Henhouse won the Album of the Year award.\nA song in Trouble at the Henhouse appeared in a film.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No Canadian rock band has won the Album of the Year award.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 67, + "example_id": 199, + "original_premises": "If an album is written by a rock band, then the genre of the album is rock.\nIf a band writes an album winning an award, then this band wins this award.\nTrouble at the Henhouse is an album by The Tragically Hip.\nThe Tragically Hip is a Canadian rock band.\nThe song \"Butts Wigglin'\" is in Trouble at the Henhouse.\nTrouble at the Henhouse won the Album of the Year award.\nA song in Trouble at the Henhouse appeared in a film.", + "original_conclusion": "No Canadian rock band has won the Album of the Year award." + }, + { + "id": "folio_677", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDaniel is a software engineer, and he works at Palantir Technologies.\nDaniel studied bioengineering during his undergraduate at Rice University.\nDaniel\u2019s older sister works at Meta as a technical sourcer. \nDaniel\u2019s dad and older sister both graduated from Stanford University.\nDaniel\u2019s dad is a doctor practicing internal medicine at a veteran\u2019s hospital in Minneapolis.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Daniel studied bioengineering as an undergraduate at Rice University.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 238, + "example_id": 677, + "original_premises": "Daniel is a software engineer, and he works at Palantir Technologies.\nDaniel studied bioengineering during his undergraduate at Rice University.\nDaniel\u2019s older sister works at Meta as a technical sourcer. \nDaniel\u2019s dad and older sister both graduated from Stanford University.\nDaniel\u2019s dad is a doctor practicing internal medicine at a veteran\u2019s hospital in Minneapolis.", + "original_conclusion": "Daniel studied bioengineering as an undergraduate at Rice University." + }, + { + "id": "folio_326", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe world's only major large passenger aircraft manufacturers are Boeing and Airbus.\nAll American Airlines planes are from the world's major large passenger aircraft manufacturers. \nAirbus made more revenue than Boeing last year.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: An American Airlines plane is either a Boeing or Airbus plane.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 108, + "example_id": 326, + "original_premises": "The world's only major large passenger aircraft manufacturers are Boeing and Airbus.\nAll American Airlines planes are from the world's major large passenger aircraft manufacturers. \nAirbus made more revenue than Boeing last year.", + "original_conclusion": "An American Airlines plane is either a Boeing or Airbus plane." + }, + { + "id": "folio_329", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe world's only major large passenger aircraft manufacturers are Boeing and Airbus.\nAll American Airlines planes are from the world's major large passenger aircraft manufacturers. \nAirbus made more revenue than Boeing last year.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There is a commercial plane made by both Airbus and Boeing.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 108, + "example_id": 329, + "original_premises": "The world's only major large passenger aircraft manufacturers are Boeing and Airbus.\nAll American Airlines planes are from the world's major large passenger aircraft manufacturers. \nAirbus made more revenue than Boeing last year.", + "original_conclusion": "There is a commercial plane made by both Airbus and Boeing." + }, + { + "id": "folio_256", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nLuzon is an island in the Philippines.\nIn December 1999, an earthquake struck Luzon.\nPeople died in the December 1999 earthquake in Luzon.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No one has ever died in an earthquake that struck the Philippines.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 84, + "example_id": 256, + "original_premises": "Luzon is an island in the Philippines.\nIn December 1999, an earthquake struck Luzon.\nPeople died in the December 1999 earthquake in Luzon.", + "original_conclusion": "No one has ever died in an earthquake that struck the Philippines." + }, + { + "id": "folio_257", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nLuzon is an island in the Philippines.\nIn December 1999, an earthquake struck Luzon.\nPeople died in the December 1999 earthquake in Luzon.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: In 1999, there was at least one earthquake in the Philippines.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 84, + "example_id": 257, + "original_premises": "Luzon is an island in the Philippines.\nIn December 1999, an earthquake struck Luzon.\nPeople died in the December 1999 earthquake in Luzon.", + "original_conclusion": "In 1999, there was at least one earthquake in the Philippines." + }, + { + "id": "folio_962", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPeople who like financial risks invest in the public stock market regularly or enjoy gambling regularly.\nIf people invest in the public stock market regularly, then they read the Wall Street Journal and other newspapers regularly to keep updated on financial metrics.\nAll people who enjoy enjoy gambling regularly spend a lot of money at casinos or other betting games.\nPeople who spend a lot of money at casinos and other betting games would enjoy visiting the Las Vegas Strip.\nPeople who spend a lot of money at casinos and other betting games are at risk of gambling addiction.\nMatt does not invest in the public stock market regularly. \nMatt likes financial risks.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Matt is either both a person who is at risk of a gambling addiction and invests in the public stock market regularly, or neither is at risk of a gambling addiction nor invests in the public stock market regularly, then Matt neither visits the Las Vegas Strip regularly nor reads the Wall Street Journal and other newspapers regularly to keep updated on the financial metrics.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 362, + "example_id": 962, + "original_premises": "People who like financial risks invest in the public stock market regularly or enjoy gambling regularly.\nIf people invest in the public stock market regularly, then they read the Wall Street Journal and other newspapers regularly to keep updated on financial metrics.\nAll people who enjoy enjoy gambling regularly spend a lot of money at casinos or other betting games.\nPeople who spend a lot of money at casinos and other betting games would enjoy visiting the Las Vegas Strip.\nPeople who spend a lot of money at casinos and other betting games are at risk of gambling addiction.\nMatt does not invest in the public stock market regularly. \nMatt likes financial risks.", + "original_conclusion": "If Matt is either both a person who is at risk of a gambling addiction and invests in the public stock market regularly, or neither is at risk of a gambling addiction nor invests in the public stock market regularly, then Matt neither visits the Las Vegas Strip regularly nor reads the Wall Street Journal and other newspapers regularly to keep updated on the financial metrics." + }, + { + "id": "folio_963", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPeople who like financial risks invest in the public stock market regularly or enjoy gambling regularly.\nIf people invest in the public stock market regularly, then they read the Wall Street Journal and other newspapers regularly to keep updated on financial metrics.\nAll people who enjoy enjoy gambling regularly spend a lot of money at casinos or other betting games.\nPeople who spend a lot of money at casinos and other betting games would enjoy visiting the Las Vegas Strip.\nPeople who spend a lot of money at casinos and other betting games are at risk of gambling addiction.\nMatt does not invest in the public stock market regularly. \nMatt likes financial risks.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Matt is not at risk of a gambling addiction and Mike does not both read the Wall Street Journal and other newspapers regularly and visits the Las Vegas Strip regularly.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 362, + "example_id": 963, + "original_premises": "People who like financial risks invest in the public stock market regularly or enjoy gambling regularly.\nIf people invest in the public stock market regularly, then they read the Wall Street Journal and other newspapers regularly to keep updated on financial metrics.\nAll people who enjoy enjoy gambling regularly spend a lot of money at casinos or other betting games.\nPeople who spend a lot of money at casinos and other betting games would enjoy visiting the Las Vegas Strip.\nPeople who spend a lot of money at casinos and other betting games are at risk of gambling addiction.\nMatt does not invest in the public stock market regularly. \nMatt likes financial risks.", + "original_conclusion": "Matt is not at risk of a gambling addiction and Mike does not both read the Wall Street Journal and other newspapers regularly and visits the Las Vegas Strip regularly." + }, + { + "id": "folio_683", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll students learning piano can strike the right notes. \nAll students who can strike the right note can get the rhythms right. \nIf a student can get the rhythms right, he will start working on coordination between the left and the right hands. \nSome students who start working on coordination between the left and the right hands become good at it, while other students find it challenging. \nIf John can strike the right notes, get the rhythms right, and is good at coordination between right and left hands, then he puts emotions into his playing. \nJohn is a student learning piano. \nJohn does not find coordination between the left and the right hands challenging. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: John can get the rhythms right.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 241, + "example_id": 683, + "original_premises": "All students learning piano can strike the right notes. \nAll students who can strike the right note can get the rhythms right. \nIf a student can get the rhythms right, he will start working on coordination between the left and the right hands. \nSome students who start working on coordination between the left and the right hands become good at it, while other students find it challenging. \nIf John can strike the right notes, get the rhythms right, and is good at coordination between right and left hands, then he puts emotions into his playing. \nJohn is a student learning piano. \nJohn does not find coordination between the left and the right hands challenging. ", + "original_conclusion": "John can get the rhythms right." + }, + { + "id": "folio_684", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll students learning piano can strike the right notes. \nAll students who can strike the right note can get the rhythms right. \nIf a student can get the rhythms right, he will start working on coordination between the left and the right hands. \nSome students who start working on coordination between the left and the right hands become good at it, while other students find it challenging. \nIf John can strike the right notes, get the rhythms right, and is good at coordination between right and left hands, then he puts emotions into his playing. \nJohn is a student learning piano. \nJohn does not find coordination between the left and the right hands challenging. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: John does not put emotions into his playing.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 241, + "example_id": 684, + "original_premises": "All students learning piano can strike the right notes. \nAll students who can strike the right note can get the rhythms right. \nIf a student can get the rhythms right, he will start working on coordination between the left and the right hands. \nSome students who start working on coordination between the left and the right hands become good at it, while other students find it challenging. \nIf John can strike the right notes, get the rhythms right, and is good at coordination between right and left hands, then he puts emotions into his playing. \nJohn is a student learning piano. \nJohn does not find coordination between the left and the right hands challenging. ", + "original_conclusion": "John does not put emotions into his playing." + }, + { + "id": "folio_651", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBarbara Ann Marshall is a former swimmer and former world record-holder.\nBarbara Ann Marshall participated in the 1972 Summer Olympics.\nBarbara Ann Marshall's home country is the United States.\nAll people who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics represented their home country.\nBarbara Ann Marshall participated in the preliminary heat in the freestyle relay.\nBarbara Ann Marshall did not participate in the event final of the 1972 Summer Olympics freestyle relay.\nOnly relay swimmers who participated in the final event at the 1972 Summer Olympics received medals.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Barbara Ann Marshall represented the United States in the 1972 Summer Olympics.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 229, + "example_id": 651, + "original_premises": "Barbara Ann Marshall is a former swimmer and former world record-holder.\nBarbara Ann Marshall participated in the 1972 Summer Olympics.\nBarbara Ann Marshall's home country is the United States.\nAll people who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics represented their home country.\nBarbara Ann Marshall participated in the preliminary heat in the freestyle relay.\nBarbara Ann Marshall did not participate in the event final of the 1972 Summer Olympics freestyle relay.\nOnly relay swimmers who participated in the final event at the 1972 Summer Olympics received medals.", + "original_conclusion": "Barbara Ann Marshall represented the United States in the 1972 Summer Olympics." + }, + { + "id": "folio_572", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA game is played with three stages: red stage, yellow stage, and green stage.\nEach player begins at the red stage.\nAll players must reach the yellow stage before they can reach the green stage.\nThe yellow stage comes after the red stage.\nAll players must proceed one stage at a time.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: It is possible to move to the green stage without ever reaching the yellow stage.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 201, + "example_id": 572, + "original_premises": "A game is played with three stages: red stage, yellow stage, and green stage.\nEach player begins at the red stage.\nAll players must reach the yellow stage before they can reach the green stage.\nThe yellow stage comes after the red stage.\nAll players must proceed one stage at a time.", + "original_conclusion": "It is possible to move to the green stage without ever reaching the yellow stage." + }, + { + "id": "folio_573", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA game is played with three stages: red stage, yellow stage, and green stage.\nEach player begins at the red stage.\nAll players must reach the yellow stage before they can reach the green stage.\nThe yellow stage comes after the red stage.\nAll players must proceed one stage at a time.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: It is possible to reach the yellow stage without ever reaching the green stage.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 201, + "example_id": 573, + "original_premises": "A game is played with three stages: red stage, yellow stage, and green stage.\nEach player begins at the red stage.\nAll players must reach the yellow stage before they can reach the green stage.\nThe yellow stage comes after the red stage.\nAll players must proceed one stage at a time.", + "original_conclusion": "It is possible to reach the yellow stage without ever reaching the green stage." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1091", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIn Love City, everyone considers physical touch or words of affirmation to be their most important love language.\nIf someone in Love City considers physical touch as their most important love language, then they are good with pets.\nIf someone in Love City is good with pets, then they are not scared of animals.\nIn Love City, everyone is scared of animals, or loves animals, or both.\nAdam, who is in Love City, either values physical touch as his most important love language or loves animals.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Adam considers words of affirmation to be the most important love language.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 399, + "example_id": 1091, + "original_premises": "In Love City, everyone considers physical touch or words of affirmation to be their most important love language.\nIf someone in Love City considers physical touch as their most important love language, then they are good with pets.\nIf someone in Love City is good with pets, then they are not scared of animals.\nIn Love City, everyone is scared of animals, or loves animals, or both.\nAdam, who is in Love City, either values physical touch as his most important love language or loves animals.", + "original_conclusion": "Adam considers words of affirmation to be the most important love language." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1092", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIn Love City, everyone considers physical touch or words of affirmation to be their most important love language.\nIf someone in Love City considers physical touch as their most important love language, then they are good with pets.\nIf someone in Love City is good with pets, then they are not scared of animals.\nIn Love City, everyone is scared of animals, or loves animals, or both.\nAdam, who is in Love City, either values physical touch as his most important love language or loves animals.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Adam considers physical touch as the most important love language and considers words of affirmation as the most important love language.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 399, + "example_id": 1092, + "original_premises": "In Love City, everyone considers physical touch or words of affirmation to be their most important love language.\nIf someone in Love City considers physical touch as their most important love language, then they are good with pets.\nIf someone in Love City is good with pets, then they are not scared of animals.\nIn Love City, everyone is scared of animals, or loves animals, or both.\nAdam, who is in Love City, either values physical touch as his most important love language or loves animals.", + "original_conclusion": "Adam considers physical touch as the most important love language and considers words of affirmation as the most important love language." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1093", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIn Love City, everyone considers physical touch or words of affirmation to be their most important love language.\nIf someone in Love City considers physical touch as their most important love language, then they are good with pets.\nIf someone in Love City is good with pets, then they are not scared of animals.\nIn Love City, everyone is scared of animals, or loves animals, or both.\nAdam, who is in Love City, either values physical touch as his most important love language or loves animals.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Adam either values physical touch as an especially important love language or values words of affirmation as an especially important love language.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 399, + "example_id": 1093, + "original_premises": "In Love City, everyone considers physical touch or words of affirmation to be their most important love language.\nIf someone in Love City considers physical touch as their most important love language, then they are good with pets.\nIf someone in Love City is good with pets, then they are not scared of animals.\nIn Love City, everyone is scared of animals, or loves animals, or both.\nAdam, who is in Love City, either values physical touch as his most important love language or loves animals.", + "original_conclusion": "Adam either values physical touch as an especially important love language or values words of affirmation as an especially important love language." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1094", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIn Love City, everyone considers physical touch or words of affirmation to be their most important love language.\nIf someone in Love City considers physical touch as their most important love language, then they are good with pets.\nIf someone in Love City is good with pets, then they are not scared of animals.\nIn Love City, everyone is scared of animals, or loves animals, or both.\nAdam, who is in Love City, either values physical touch as his most important love language or loves animals.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Adam values physical touch as an especially important love language or is good with pets, then Adam values words of affirmation as an especially important love language.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 399, + "example_id": 1094, + "original_premises": "In Love City, everyone considers physical touch or words of affirmation to be their most important love language.\nIf someone in Love City considers physical touch as their most important love language, then they are good with pets.\nIf someone in Love City is good with pets, then they are not scared of animals.\nIn Love City, everyone is scared of animals, or loves animals, or both.\nAdam, who is in Love City, either values physical touch as his most important love language or loves animals.", + "original_conclusion": "If Adam values physical touch as an especially important love language or is good with pets, then Adam values words of affirmation as an especially important love language." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1278", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll birds have wings.\nAnimals with wings aren't reptiles.\nSome animals that fly are birds.\nIf something is an iguana, then it is a reptile. Simeng: All iguanas are reptiles. \nJohn is either both an iguana and a bird, or he is neither. \nJohn is an animal. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: John is not both an iguana and an animal that can fly.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 444, + "example_id": 1278, + "original_premises": "All birds have wings.\nAnimals with wings aren't reptiles.\nSome animals that fly are birds.\nIf something is an iguana, then it is a reptile. Simeng: All iguanas are reptiles. \nJohn is either both an iguana and a bird, or he is neither. \nJohn is an animal. ", + "original_conclusion": "John is not both an iguana and an animal that can fly." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1279", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll birds have wings.\nAnimals with wings aren't reptiles.\nSome animals that fly are birds.\nIf something is an iguana, then it is a reptile. Simeng: All iguanas are reptiles. \nJohn is either both an iguana and a bird, or he is neither. \nJohn is an animal. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: John is an animal that can fly and John is a bird.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 444, + "example_id": 1279, + "original_premises": "All birds have wings.\nAnimals with wings aren't reptiles.\nSome animals that fly are birds.\nIf something is an iguana, then it is a reptile. Simeng: All iguanas are reptiles. \nJohn is either both an iguana and a bird, or he is neither. \nJohn is an animal. ", + "original_conclusion": "John is an animal that can fly and John is a bird." + }, + { + "id": "folio_87", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEndGame is a movie released in 2006.\nEndGame was set in Washington.\nEndGame was filmed outside of Washington.\nSome movies are filmed in New York.\nAndy Chang directed EndGame.\nAndy Chang is from Hong Kong.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: EndGame was not directed by someone from Hong Kong.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 30, + "example_id": 87, + "original_premises": "EndGame is a movie released in 2006.\nEndGame was set in Washington.\nEndGame was filmed outside of Washington.\nSome movies are filmed in New York.\nAndy Chang directed EndGame.\nAndy Chang is from Hong Kong.", + "original_conclusion": "EndGame was not directed by someone from Hong Kong." + }, + { + "id": "folio_17", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSix, seven and eight are real numbers.\nIf a real number equals another real number added by one, the first number is larger.\nIf the number x is larger than the number y, then y is not larger than x.\nSeven equals six plus one.\nEight equals seven plus one.\nTwo is positive.\nIf a number is positive, then the double of it is also positive.\nEight is the double of four.\nFour is the double of two.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Eight is larger than seven.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 7, + "example_id": 17, + "original_premises": "Six, seven and eight are real numbers.\nIf a real number equals another real number added by one, the first number is larger.\nIf the number x is larger than the number y, then y is not larger than x.\nSeven equals six plus one.\nEight equals seven plus one.\nTwo is positive.\nIf a number is positive, then the double of it is also positive.\nEight is the double of four.\nFour is the double of two.", + "original_conclusion": "Eight is larger than seven." + }, + { + "id": "folio_18", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSix, seven and eight are real numbers.\nIf a real number equals another real number added by one, the first number is larger.\nIf the number x is larger than the number y, then y is not larger than x.\nSeven equals six plus one.\nEight equals seven plus one.\nTwo is positive.\nIf a number is positive, then the double of it is also positive.\nEight is the double of four.\nFour is the double of two.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Eight is positive.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 7, + "example_id": 18, + "original_premises": "Six, seven and eight are real numbers.\nIf a real number equals another real number added by one, the first number is larger.\nIf the number x is larger than the number y, then y is not larger than x.\nSeven equals six plus one.\nEight equals seven plus one.\nTwo is positive.\nIf a number is positive, then the double of it is also positive.\nEight is the double of four.\nFour is the double of two.", + "original_conclusion": "Eight is positive." + }, + { + "id": "folio_19", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSix, seven and eight are real numbers.\nIf a real number equals another real number added by one, the first number is larger.\nIf the number x is larger than the number y, then y is not larger than x.\nSeven equals six plus one.\nEight equals seven plus one.\nTwo is positive.\nIf a number is positive, then the double of it is also positive.\nEight is the double of four.\nFour is the double of two.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Six is larger than seven.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 7, + "example_id": 19, + "original_premises": "Six, seven and eight are real numbers.\nIf a real number equals another real number added by one, the first number is larger.\nIf the number x is larger than the number y, then y is not larger than x.\nSeven equals six plus one.\nEight equals seven plus one.\nTwo is positive.\nIf a number is positive, then the double of it is also positive.\nEight is the double of four.\nFour is the double of two.", + "original_conclusion": "Six is larger than seven." + }, + { + "id": "folio_737", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll dogs sleep.\nSome four-legged animals are dogs.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Some four-legged animals sleep.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 293, + "example_id": 737, + "original_premises": "All dogs sleep.\nSome four-legged animals are dogs.", + "original_conclusion": "Some four-legged animals sleep." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1380", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone who is entitled to national social insurance coverage can have their medical bills partially covered. \nAll PRC nationals are entitled to national social insurance coverage.\nEveryone in the Franco-China diplomatic conference is either a PRC national or a French national, but not both. \nAll French nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nAll Spanish nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nNo North Korean nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nMei is at the Franco-China diplomatic conference. \nEither Mei is a North Korean and can have medical bills partially covered, or neither is true.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Mei is either a North Korean or a Spanish national, then Mei is either both a French national and a citizen of the European Union, or neither a French national nor a citizen of the European Union.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 475, + "example_id": 1380, + "original_premises": "Everyone who is entitled to national social insurance coverage can have their medical bills partially covered. \nAll PRC nationals are entitled to national social insurance coverage.\nEveryone in the Franco-China diplomatic conference is either a PRC national or a French national, but not both. \nAll French nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nAll Spanish nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nNo North Korean nationals are citizens of the European Union. \nMei is at the Franco-China diplomatic conference. \nEither Mei is a North Korean and can have medical bills partially covered, or neither is true.", + "original_conclusion": "If Mei is either a North Korean or a Spanish national, then Mei is either both a French national and a citizen of the European Union, or neither a French national nor a citizen of the European Union." + }, + { + "id": "folio_72", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPhilatelic literature is divided into the following categories: Stamp catalogs, Periodicals, Auction catalogs, Books, Bibliographies, and Background Material.\nMort is not a Stamp catalog.\nMort is not a periodical, auction catalog, bibliography, or background material.\nMort is a piece of Philatelic literature.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mort is background material.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 25, + "example_id": 72, + "original_premises": "Philatelic literature is divided into the following categories: Stamp catalogs, Periodicals, Auction catalogs, Books, Bibliographies, and Background Material.\nMort is not a Stamp catalog.\nMort is not a periodical, auction catalog, bibliography, or background material.\nMort is a piece of Philatelic literature.", + "original_conclusion": "Mort is background material." + }, + { + "id": "folio_279", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAdventures of Rusty is a drama film and children's film.\nColumbia Pictures produced Adventures of Rusty.\nTintin was produced by Paramount.\nTintin is an adventure film.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Columbia pictures produced some drama film.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 92, + "example_id": 279, + "original_premises": "Adventures of Rusty is a drama film and children's film.\nColumbia Pictures produced Adventures of Rusty.\nTintin was produced by Paramount.\nTintin is an adventure film.", + "original_conclusion": "Columbia pictures produced some drama film." + }, + { + "id": "folio_282", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAdventures of Rusty is a drama film and children's film.\nColumbia Pictures produced Adventures of Rusty.\nTintin was produced by Paramount.\nTintin is an adventure film.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Paramount produces adventure films.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 92, + "example_id": 282, + "original_premises": "Adventures of Rusty is a drama film and children's film.\nColumbia Pictures produced Adventures of Rusty.\nTintin was produced by Paramount.\nTintin is an adventure film.", + "original_conclusion": "Paramount produces adventure films." + }, + { + "id": "folio_660", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDeng Xiaoping served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China.\nDeng Xiaoping was praised for his reaffirmation of the reform program, as well as the reversion of Hong Kong to Chinese control and the return of Macau.\nAs the party's Secretary-General under Mao and Vice Premier in the 1950s, Deng Xiaoping presided over the Anti-Rightist Campaign launched by Mao.\nDeng Xiaoping became instrumental in China's economic reconstruction following the disastrous Great Leap Forward.\nMao Zedong died in 1976.\nAfter Mao Zedong's death, Deng Xiaoping gradually rose to supreme power.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The paramount leader of the PRC was also the vice premier.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 233, + "example_id": 660, + "original_premises": "Deng Xiaoping served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China.\nDeng Xiaoping was praised for his reaffirmation of the reform program, as well as the reversion of Hong Kong to Chinese control and the return of Macau.\nAs the party's Secretary-General under Mao and Vice Premier in the 1950s, Deng Xiaoping presided over the Anti-Rightist Campaign launched by Mao.\nDeng Xiaoping became instrumental in China's economic reconstruction following the disastrous Great Leap Forward.\nMao Zedong died in 1976.\nAfter Mao Zedong's death, Deng Xiaoping gradually rose to supreme power.", + "original_conclusion": "The paramount leader of the PRC was also the vice premier." + }, + { + "id": "folio_661", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDeng Xiaoping served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China.\nDeng Xiaoping was praised for his reaffirmation of the reform program, as well as the reversion of Hong Kong to Chinese control and the return of Macau.\nAs the party's Secretary-General under Mao and Vice Premier in the 1950s, Deng Xiaoping presided over the Anti-Rightist Campaign launched by Mao.\nDeng Xiaoping became instrumental in China's economic reconstruction following the disastrous Great Leap Forward.\nMao Zedong died in 1976.\nAfter Mao Zedong's death, Deng Xiaoping gradually rose to supreme power.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Deng Xiaoping presided over something launched by someone he was under.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 233, + "example_id": 661, + "original_premises": "Deng Xiaoping served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China.\nDeng Xiaoping was praised for his reaffirmation of the reform program, as well as the reversion of Hong Kong to Chinese control and the return of Macau.\nAs the party's Secretary-General under Mao and Vice Premier in the 1950s, Deng Xiaoping presided over the Anti-Rightist Campaign launched by Mao.\nDeng Xiaoping became instrumental in China's economic reconstruction following the disastrous Great Leap Forward.\nMao Zedong died in 1976.\nAfter Mao Zedong's death, Deng Xiaoping gradually rose to supreme power.", + "original_conclusion": "Deng Xiaoping presided over something launched by someone he was under." + }, + { + "id": "folio_662", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDeng Xiaoping served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China.\nDeng Xiaoping was praised for his reaffirmation of the reform program, as well as the reversion of Hong Kong to Chinese control and the return of Macau.\nAs the party's Secretary-General under Mao and Vice Premier in the 1950s, Deng Xiaoping presided over the Anti-Rightist Campaign launched by Mao.\nDeng Xiaoping became instrumental in China's economic reconstruction following the disastrous Great Leap Forward.\nMao Zedong died in 1976.\nAfter Mao Zedong's death, Deng Xiaoping gradually rose to supreme power.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The person instrumental in china's economic reconstruction gradually rose to supreme power.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 233, + "example_id": 662, + "original_premises": "Deng Xiaoping served as the paramount leader of the People's Republic of China.\nDeng Xiaoping was praised for his reaffirmation of the reform program, as well as the reversion of Hong Kong to Chinese control and the return of Macau.\nAs the party's Secretary-General under Mao and Vice Premier in the 1950s, Deng Xiaoping presided over the Anti-Rightist Campaign launched by Mao.\nDeng Xiaoping became instrumental in China's economic reconstruction following the disastrous Great Leap Forward.\nMao Zedong died in 1976.\nAfter Mao Zedong's death, Deng Xiaoping gradually rose to supreme power.", + "original_conclusion": "The person instrumental in china's economic reconstruction gradually rose to supreme power." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1048", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Dune is a result of creative and imaginative process.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 391, + "example_id": 1048, + "original_premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", + "original_conclusion": "Dune is a result of creative and imaginative process." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1049", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Dune is either a result of creative processes or came from an imaginative process.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 391, + "example_id": 1049, + "original_premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", + "original_conclusion": "Dune is either a result of creative processes or came from an imaginative process." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1050", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Dune is a result of creative processes and is science fiction.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 391, + "example_id": 1050, + "original_premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", + "original_conclusion": "Dune is a result of creative processes and is science fiction." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1051", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Dune is either a result of creative processes or is science fiction.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 391, + "example_id": 1051, + "original_premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", + "original_conclusion": "Dune is either a result of creative processes or is science fiction." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1052", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Dune is a result of creative and imaginative processes, then Dune is not a result of creative processes and science-fiction.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 391, + "example_id": 1052, + "original_premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", + "original_conclusion": "If Dune is a result of creative and imaginative processes, then Dune is not a result of creative processes and science-fiction." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1053", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Dune is either a fact and a result of creative processes, or neither a fact nor a result of creative processes, then Dune is a result of creative processes and science-fiction.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 391, + "example_id": 1053, + "original_premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", + "original_conclusion": "If Dune is either a fact and a result of creative processes, or neither a fact nor a result of creative processes, then Dune is a result of creative processes and science-fiction." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1054", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Dune is science-fiction, then Dune is not a result of creative processes and science-fiction.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 391, + "example_id": 1054, + "original_premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", + "original_conclusion": "If Dune is science-fiction, then Dune is not a result of creative processes and science-fiction." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1055", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Dune is not a result of creative processes and science-fiction, then Dune neither came from an imaginative process nor proved to be false.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 391, + "example_id": 1055, + "original_premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", + "original_conclusion": "If Dune is not a result of creative processes and science-fiction, then Dune neither came from an imaginative process nor proved to be false." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1056", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Dune is did not come from imaginative process and is not science-fiction, then Dune is neither a result of creative processes nor came from an imaginative process.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 391, + "example_id": 1056, + "original_premises": "All imaginative processes that Dan knows are results of creative processes.\nAll science fiction that Dan knows comes from an imaginative process.\nEverthing that Dan knows comes from either science-fiction or realistic fiction.\nNo facts that Dan knows have proven to be false.\nDan knows that Dune is science fiction or has proven to be false.", + "original_conclusion": "If Dune is did not come from imaginative process and is not science-fiction, then Dune is neither a result of creative processes nor came from an imaginative process." + }, + { + "id": "folio_521", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAmerican superheroes come from either the DC Universe or Marvel Universe.\nCaptain America is one of America's top-ten favorite superheroes\nCaptain America does not come from the DC Universe.\nAmerica's top-ten favorite superheroes speak English.\nSome superheroes speak both English and Spanish. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Captain America does not speak English.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 181, + "example_id": 521, + "original_premises": "American superheroes come from either the DC Universe or Marvel Universe.\nCaptain America is one of America's top-ten favorite superheroes\nCaptain America does not come from the DC Universe.\nAmerica's top-ten favorite superheroes speak English.\nSome superheroes speak both English and Spanish. ", + "original_conclusion": "Captain America does not speak English." + }, + { + "id": "folio_522", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAmerican superheroes come from either the DC Universe or Marvel Universe.\nCaptain America is one of America's top-ten favorite superheroes\nCaptain America does not come from the DC Universe.\nAmerica's top-ten favorite superheroes speak English.\nSome superheroes speak both English and Spanish. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Captain America comes from the Marvel universe.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 181, + "example_id": 522, + "original_premises": "American superheroes come from either the DC Universe or Marvel Universe.\nCaptain America is one of America's top-ten favorite superheroes\nCaptain America does not come from the DC Universe.\nAmerica's top-ten favorite superheroes speak English.\nSome superheroes speak both English and Spanish. ", + "original_conclusion": "Captain America comes from the Marvel universe." + }, + { + "id": "folio_229", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRobert Zimmer was a philosopher born in Germany.\nRobert Zimmer is an essayist.\nRobert Zimmer was born in 1953.\nEvery essayist is a writer.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Robert Zimmer is not a writer.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 75, + "example_id": 229, + "original_premises": "Robert Zimmer was a philosopher born in Germany.\nRobert Zimmer is an essayist.\nRobert Zimmer was born in 1953.\nEvery essayist is a writer.", + "original_conclusion": "Robert Zimmer is not a writer." + }, + { + "id": "folio_907", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll students are members of the university.\nAll graduate students are students.\nAll PhD students are graduate students.\nSome PhD students are Teaching Fellows.\nIf John is not a PhD student, then he is not a member of the university.\nIf John is a Teaching Fellow, then he is a PhD student or a graduate student.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: John is a Teaching Fellow", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 344, + "example_id": 907, + "original_premises": "All students are members of the university.\nAll graduate students are students.\nAll PhD students are graduate students.\nSome PhD students are Teaching Fellows.\nIf John is not a PhD student, then he is not a member of the university.\nIf John is a Teaching Fellow, then he is a PhD student or a graduate student.", + "original_conclusion": "John is a Teaching Fellow" + }, + { + "id": "folio_908", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll students are members of the university.\nAll graduate students are students.\nAll PhD students are graduate students.\nSome PhD students are Teaching Fellows.\nIf John is not a PhD student, then he is not a member of the university.\nIf John is a Teaching Fellow, then he is a PhD student or a graduate student.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: John is not a Teaching Fellow.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 344, + "example_id": 908, + "original_premises": "All students are members of the university.\nAll graduate students are students.\nAll PhD students are graduate students.\nSome PhD students are Teaching Fellows.\nIf John is not a PhD student, then he is not a member of the university.\nIf John is a Teaching Fellow, then he is a PhD student or a graduate student.", + "original_conclusion": "John is not a Teaching Fellow." + }, + { + "id": "folio_474", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBelgium, France, and Germany are European countries.\nParis is the capital of France.\nThe Eiffel Tower is one of the main tourist attractions located in Paris.\nSome people who live in Belgium speak French.\nIf John goes to Europe, he will see some tourist attractions.\nJohn speaks French.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Eiffel Tower is located in the capital of France.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 165, + "example_id": 474, + "original_premises": "Belgium, France, and Germany are European countries.\nParis is the capital of France.\nThe Eiffel Tower is one of the main tourist attractions located in Paris.\nSome people who live in Belgium speak French.\nIf John goes to Europe, he will see some tourist attractions.\nJohn speaks French.", + "original_conclusion": "The Eiffel Tower is located in the capital of France." + }, + { + "id": "folio_900", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll sports cars are loud.\nNo loud cars are electric.\nIf a car is a Ferrari, then it is a sports car.\nAll cars made in Maranello are Ferraris.\nThe Toyota Prius is made in Maranello or is a loud car, or both.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Prius is an electric car.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 342, + "example_id": 900, + "original_premises": "All sports cars are loud.\nNo loud cars are electric.\nIf a car is a Ferrari, then it is a sports car.\nAll cars made in Maranello are Ferraris.\nThe Toyota Prius is made in Maranello or is a loud car, or both.", + "original_conclusion": "Prius is an electric car." + }, + { + "id": "folio_901", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll sports cars are loud.\nNo loud cars are electric.\nIf a car is a Ferrari, then it is a sports car.\nAll cars made in Maranello are Ferraris.\nThe Toyota Prius is made in Maranello or is a loud car, or both.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Toyota Prius is not an electric car.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 342, + "example_id": 901, + "original_premises": "All sports cars are loud.\nNo loud cars are electric.\nIf a car is a Ferrari, then it is a sports car.\nAll cars made in Maranello are Ferraris.\nThe Toyota Prius is made in Maranello or is a loud car, or both.", + "original_conclusion": "The Toyota Prius is not an electric car." + }, + { + "id": "folio_903", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll sports cars are loud.\nNo loud cars are electric.\nIf a car is a Ferrari, then it is a sports car.\nAll cars made in Maranello are Ferraris.\nThe Toyota Prius is made in Maranello or is a loud car, or both.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If The Toyota Prius is a Ferrari or a loud car, then The Toyota Prius is an electric car.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 342, + "example_id": 903, + "original_premises": "All sports cars are loud.\nNo loud cars are electric.\nIf a car is a Ferrari, then it is a sports car.\nAll cars made in Maranello are Ferraris.\nThe Toyota Prius is made in Maranello or is a loud car, or both.", + "original_conclusion": "If The Toyota Prius is a Ferrari or a loud car, then The Toyota Prius is an electric car." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1283", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf something is a plant, then it is not a cute animal. Simeng: All plants are not cute animals. \nAll flowers are plants.\nEvery kitten is a cute animal.\nIf something is grown in a garden, then it is a flower.\nPiper is a kitten or a cute animal.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Piper was grown in a garden.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 446, + "example_id": 1283, + "original_premises": "If something is a plant, then it is not a cute animal. Simeng: All plants are not cute animals. \nAll flowers are plants.\nEvery kitten is a cute animal.\nIf something is grown in a garden, then it is a flower.\nPiper is a kitten or a cute animal.", + "original_conclusion": "Piper was grown in a garden." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1284", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf something is a plant, then it is not a cute animal. Simeng: All plants are not cute animals. \nAll flowers are plants.\nEvery kitten is a cute animal.\nIf something is grown in a garden, then it is a flower.\nPiper is a kitten or a cute animal.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Piper was not grown in a garden.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 446, + "example_id": 1284, + "original_premises": "If something is a plant, then it is not a cute animal. Simeng: All plants are not cute animals. \nAll flowers are plants.\nEvery kitten is a cute animal.\nIf something is grown in a garden, then it is a flower.\nPiper is a kitten or a cute animal.", + "original_conclusion": "Piper was not grown in a garden." + }, + { + "id": "folio_435", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\n\nGuam sent an athlete to the Calgary Winter Olympics.\nIf Guan sent an athlete to the Calgary Winter Olympics, then the athelete participated in the Olympics in 1988.\nJudd Bankert is the only athlete from Guam who has ever competed in the Winter Olympics.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Judd Bankert competed in the 1988 Winter Olympics.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 149, + "example_id": 435, + "original_premises": "\nGuam sent an athlete to the Calgary Winter Olympics.\nIf Guan sent an athlete to the Calgary Winter Olympics, then the athelete participated in the Olympics in 1988.\nJudd Bankert is the only athlete from Guam who has ever competed in the Winter Olympics.", + "original_conclusion": "Judd Bankert competed in the 1988 Winter Olympics." + }, + { + "id": "folio_208", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nMichael O'Donnell is a British physician, journalist, author, and broadcaster.\nOne of the word-setters of My Word! was Michael O'Donnell.\nThe magazine World Medicine was edited by Michael O'Donnell.\nMichael O'Donnell was born in Yorkshire as the son of a general practitioner.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The son of a general practitioner was a word-setter of My Word!.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 70, + "example_id": 208, + "original_premises": "Michael O'Donnell is a British physician, journalist, author, and broadcaster.\nOne of the word-setters of My Word! was Michael O'Donnell.\nThe magazine World Medicine was edited by Michael O'Donnell.\nMichael O'Donnell was born in Yorkshire as the son of a general practitioner.", + "original_conclusion": "The son of a general practitioner was a word-setter of My Word!." + }, + { + "id": "folio_209", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nMichael O'Donnell is a British physician, journalist, author, and broadcaster.\nOne of the word-setters of My Word! was Michael O'Donnell.\nThe magazine World Medicine was edited by Michael O'Donnell.\nMichael O'Donnell was born in Yorkshire as the son of a general practitioner.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: World Medicine is not a magazine.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 70, + "example_id": 209, + "original_premises": "Michael O'Donnell is a British physician, journalist, author, and broadcaster.\nOne of the word-setters of My Word! was Michael O'Donnell.\nThe magazine World Medicine was edited by Michael O'Donnell.\nMichael O'Donnell was born in Yorkshire as the son of a general practitioner.", + "original_conclusion": "World Medicine is not a magazine." + }, + { + "id": "folio_210", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nMichael O'Donnell is a British physician, journalist, author, and broadcaster.\nOne of the word-setters of My Word! was Michael O'Donnell.\nThe magazine World Medicine was edited by Michael O'Donnell.\nMichael O'Donnell was born in Yorkshire as the son of a general practitioner.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There are no British authors.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 70, + "example_id": 210, + "original_premises": "Michael O'Donnell is a British physician, journalist, author, and broadcaster.\nOne of the word-setters of My Word! was Michael O'Donnell.\nThe magazine World Medicine was edited by Michael O'Donnell.\nMichael O'Donnell was born in Yorkshire as the son of a general practitioner.", + "original_conclusion": "There are no British authors." + }, + { + "id": "folio_211", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nMichael O'Donnell is a British physician, journalist, author, and broadcaster.\nOne of the word-setters of My Word! was Michael O'Donnell.\nThe magazine World Medicine was edited by Michael O'Donnell.\nMichael O'Donnell was born in Yorkshire as the son of a general practitioner.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There are no journalists that were born in Yorkshire.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 70, + "example_id": 211, + "original_premises": "Michael O'Donnell is a British physician, journalist, author, and broadcaster.\nOne of the word-setters of My Word! was Michael O'Donnell.\nThe magazine World Medicine was edited by Michael O'Donnell.\nMichael O'Donnell was born in Yorkshire as the son of a general practitioner.", + "original_conclusion": "There are no journalists that were born in Yorkshire." + }, + { + "id": "folio_742", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe handbrake of a car is either up or down.\nThe handbrake is down when a car is parked.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The handbrake is up when some cars are parked.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 298, + "example_id": 742, + "original_premises": "The handbrake of a car is either up or down.\nThe handbrake is down when a car is parked.", + "original_conclusion": "The handbrake is up when some cars are parked." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1021", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll people in this midwest town who own horse ranches regularly ride horses for pleasure and sport.\nAll people in this midwest town with a lot of disposable income have a horse ranch.\nIf people in this midwest town compete in horse dressage shows, then they have a lot of disposable income.\nIf people in this midwest town compete in horse dressage shows, then they have invested in high-quality equestrian gear and equipment.\nIf people in this midwest town regularly ride horses for pleasure and sport, then they do not live in cramped residential buildings.\nManny is in this midwest town, and she either has a horse ranch and lives in a cramped residential building, or she does neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Manny competes in horse dressage shows and has invested in high-quality equestrian equipment and gear.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 382, + "example_id": 1021, + "original_premises": "All people in this midwest town who own horse ranches regularly ride horses for pleasure and sport.\nAll people in this midwest town with a lot of disposable income have a horse ranch.\nIf people in this midwest town compete in horse dressage shows, then they have a lot of disposable income.\nIf people in this midwest town compete in horse dressage shows, then they have invested in high-quality equestrian gear and equipment.\nIf people in this midwest town regularly ride horses for pleasure and sport, then they do not live in cramped residential buildings.\nManny is in this midwest town, and she either has a horse ranch and lives in a cramped residential building, or she does neither.", + "original_conclusion": "Manny competes in horse dressage shows and has invested in high-quality equestrian equipment and gear." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1022", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll people in this midwest town who own horse ranches regularly ride horses for pleasure and sport.\nAll people in this midwest town with a lot of disposable income have a horse ranch.\nIf people in this midwest town compete in horse dressage shows, then they have a lot of disposable income.\nIf people in this midwest town compete in horse dressage shows, then they have invested in high-quality equestrian gear and equipment.\nIf people in this midwest town regularly ride horses for pleasure and sport, then they do not live in cramped residential buildings.\nManny is in this midwest town, and she either has a horse ranch and lives in a cramped residential building, or she does neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Manny either has a horse ranch or competes in horse dressage shows, then Manny has not invested in high-quality equestrian equipment and gear.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 382, + "example_id": 1022, + "original_premises": "All people in this midwest town who own horse ranches regularly ride horses for pleasure and sport.\nAll people in this midwest town with a lot of disposable income have a horse ranch.\nIf people in this midwest town compete in horse dressage shows, then they have a lot of disposable income.\nIf people in this midwest town compete in horse dressage shows, then they have invested in high-quality equestrian gear and equipment.\nIf people in this midwest town regularly ride horses for pleasure and sport, then they do not live in cramped residential buildings.\nManny is in this midwest town, and she either has a horse ranch and lives in a cramped residential building, or she does neither.", + "original_conclusion": "If Manny either has a horse ranch or competes in horse dressage shows, then Manny has not invested in high-quality equestrian equipment and gear." + }, + { + "id": "folio_158", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA roundel is a rounded artillery fortification.\nA roundel is not higher than adjacent walls. \nCannons can be deployed on artillery fortifications. \nRoundels are the oldest artillery fortifications.\nBattery towers are artillery fortifications.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Cannons can be deployed on battery towers.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 54, + "example_id": 158, + "original_premises": "A roundel is a rounded artillery fortification.\nA roundel is not higher than adjacent walls. \nCannons can be deployed on artillery fortifications. \nRoundels are the oldest artillery fortifications.\nBattery towers are artillery fortifications.", + "original_conclusion": "Cannons can be deployed on battery towers." + }, + { + "id": "folio_159", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA roundel is a rounded artillery fortification.\nA roundel is not higher than adjacent walls. \nCannons can be deployed on artillery fortifications. \nRoundels are the oldest artillery fortifications.\nBattery towers are artillery fortifications.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Roundels are older than battery towers.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 54, + "example_id": 159, + "original_premises": "A roundel is a rounded artillery fortification.\nA roundel is not higher than adjacent walls. \nCannons can be deployed on artillery fortifications. \nRoundels are the oldest artillery fortifications.\nBattery towers are artillery fortifications.", + "original_conclusion": "Roundels are older than battery towers." + }, + { + "id": "folio_161", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA roundel is a rounded artillery fortification.\nA roundel is not higher than adjacent walls. \nCannons can be deployed on artillery fortifications. \nRoundels are the oldest artillery fortifications.\nBattery towers are artillery fortifications.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Cannons can be deployed on roundels.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 54, + "example_id": 161, + "original_premises": "A roundel is a rounded artillery fortification.\nA roundel is not higher than adjacent walls. \nCannons can be deployed on artillery fortifications. \nRoundels are the oldest artillery fortifications.\nBattery towers are artillery fortifications.", + "original_conclusion": "Cannons can be deployed on roundels." + }, + { + "id": "folio_485", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll volunteers receive intangible benefits for their work.\nVolunteers work regularly or on an as-needed basis.\nSome volunteers are trained.\nVolunteers work in groups or individually.\nEnvironmental volunteers contribute toward environmental management or conservation.\nParticipating in natural disaster response is an example of volunteers working in groups on an as-needed basis.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Volunteers who participate in natural disaster response receive intangible benefits for their work.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 169, + "example_id": 485, + "original_premises": "All volunteers receive intangible benefits for their work.\nVolunteers work regularly or on an as-needed basis.\nSome volunteers are trained.\nVolunteers work in groups or individually.\nEnvironmental volunteers contribute toward environmental management or conservation.\nParticipating in natural disaster response is an example of volunteers working in groups on an as-needed basis.", + "original_conclusion": "Volunteers who participate in natural disaster response receive intangible benefits for their work." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1003", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll people in this tech company who are consistent and enjoy sticking to their regular routines do not like surprises.\nPeople in this tech company who wear the same flannel shirts every day are consistent and enjoy sticking to their regular routines.\nPeople in this tech company who do not like shopping for clothes wear the same flannel shirts every day.\nOld people living in stable homes do not like surprises.\nPeople in this tech company who have very high energy and are impulsive like surprises.\nMike works in this tech company.\nIf Mike is not a person who wears the same flannel shirts every day, has very high energy, and is impulsive, then Mike either is very consistent and enjoys sticking to his regular routines or does not like surprises.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Mike wears the same flannel shirts every day or does not like shopping for clothes, then Mike is neither an old person living in a stable home nor does he like shopping for clothes.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 376, + "example_id": 1003, + "original_premises": "All people in this tech company who are consistent and enjoy sticking to their regular routines do not like surprises.\nPeople in this tech company who wear the same flannel shirts every day are consistent and enjoy sticking to their regular routines.\nPeople in this tech company who do not like shopping for clothes wear the same flannel shirts every day.\nOld people living in stable homes do not like surprises.\nPeople in this tech company who have very high energy and are impulsive like surprises.\nMike works in this tech company.\nIf Mike is not a person who wears the same flannel shirts every day, has very high energy, and is impulsive, then Mike either is very consistent and enjoys sticking to his regular routines or does not like surprises.", + "original_conclusion": "If Mike wears the same flannel shirts every day or does not like shopping for clothes, then Mike is neither an old person living in a stable home nor does he like shopping for clothes." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1004", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll people in this tech company who are consistent and enjoy sticking to their regular routines do not like surprises.\nPeople in this tech company who wear the same flannel shirts every day are consistent and enjoy sticking to their regular routines.\nPeople in this tech company who do not like shopping for clothes wear the same flannel shirts every day.\nOld people living in stable homes do not like surprises.\nPeople in this tech company who have very high energy and are impulsive like surprises.\nMike works in this tech company.\nIf Mike is not a person who wears the same flannel shirts every day, has very high energy, and is impulsive, then Mike either is very consistent and enjoys sticking to his regular routines or does not like surprises.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Mike is not an old person living in a stable home and does not like shopping for clothes, then Mike does not like shopping for clothes.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 376, + "example_id": 1004, + "original_premises": "All people in this tech company who are consistent and enjoy sticking to their regular routines do not like surprises.\nPeople in this tech company who wear the same flannel shirts every day are consistent and enjoy sticking to their regular routines.\nPeople in this tech company who do not like shopping for clothes wear the same flannel shirts every day.\nOld people living in stable homes do not like surprises.\nPeople in this tech company who have very high energy and are impulsive like surprises.\nMike works in this tech company.\nIf Mike is not a person who wears the same flannel shirts every day, has very high energy, and is impulsive, then Mike either is very consistent and enjoys sticking to his regular routines or does not like surprises.", + "original_conclusion": "If Mike is not an old person living in a stable home and does not like shopping for clothes, then Mike does not like shopping for clothes." + }, + { + "id": "folio_616", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAdam owns cars.\nAdam has a favorite car.\nAmong the cars he owns, Adam's favorite car is European.\nAdam broke his favorite car.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Adam broke a European car.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 215, + "example_id": 616, + "original_premises": "Adam owns cars.\nAdam has a favorite car.\nAmong the cars he owns, Adam's favorite car is European.\nAdam broke his favorite car.", + "original_conclusion": "Adam broke a European car." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1237", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are no buildings in New Haven higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are in New Haven. \nAll Manhattan skyscrapers are higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are in Manhattan. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are buildings owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is neither a building in New Haven nor a skyscraper in Manhattan.\nTower B is a skyscraper building in Manhattan with a Bloomberg logo. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Tower A is a building with the Bloomberg logo or it is managed by Yale Housing.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 433, + "example_id": 1237, + "original_premises": "There are no buildings in New Haven higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are in New Haven. \nAll Manhattan skyscrapers are higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are in Manhattan. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are buildings owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is neither a building in New Haven nor a skyscraper in Manhattan.\nTower B is a skyscraper building in Manhattan with a Bloomberg logo. ", + "original_conclusion": "Tower A is a building with the Bloomberg logo or it is managed by Yale Housing." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1238", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are no buildings in New Haven higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are in New Haven. \nAll Manhattan skyscrapers are higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are in Manhattan. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are buildings owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is neither a building in New Haven nor a skyscraper in Manhattan.\nTower B is a skyscraper building in Manhattan with a Bloomberg logo. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Tower A is neither a building with the Bloomberg logo nor managed by Yale Housing.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 433, + "example_id": 1238, + "original_premises": "There are no buildings in New Haven higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings managed by Yale Housing are in New Haven. \nAll Manhattan skyscrapers are higher than 400 meters. \nAll buildings owned by Bloomberg are in Manhattan. \nAll buildings with the Bloomberg logo are buildings owned by Bloomberg. \nTower A is neither a building in New Haven nor a skyscraper in Manhattan.\nTower B is a skyscraper building in Manhattan with a Bloomberg logo. ", + "original_conclusion": "Tower A is neither a building with the Bloomberg logo nor managed by Yale Housing." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1262", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo fish are birds.\nAn osprey is a bird.\nA carp is a fish.\nAll goldfish are carp.\nIf Bubbles is either an osprey or a goldfish, then Bubbles is not also a fish.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Bubbles is a goldfish.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 439, + "example_id": 1262, + "original_premises": "No fish are birds.\nAn osprey is a bird.\nA carp is a fish.\nAll goldfish are carp.\nIf Bubbles is either an osprey or a goldfish, then Bubbles is not also a fish.", + "original_conclusion": "Bubbles is a goldfish." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1263", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo fish are birds.\nAn osprey is a bird.\nA carp is a fish.\nAll goldfish are carp.\nIf Bubbles is either an osprey or a goldfish, then Bubbles is not also a fish.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Bubbles is not a goldfish.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 439, + "example_id": 1263, + "original_premises": "No fish are birds.\nAn osprey is a bird.\nA carp is a fish.\nAll goldfish are carp.\nIf Bubbles is either an osprey or a goldfish, then Bubbles is not also a fish.", + "original_conclusion": "Bubbles is not a goldfish." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1426", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEverything in Size Town is big or small.\nAll big things in Size Town are heavy.\nAll small things in Size Town are light.\nAll heavy things in Size Town are still.\nAll light things in Size Town are unstable.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are changing.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are unpredictable.\nThe bird is in Size Town and it is not both heavy and still.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The bird is unpredictable and changing.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 486, + "example_id": 1426, + "original_premises": "Everything in Size Town is big or small.\nAll big things in Size Town are heavy.\nAll small things in Size Town are light.\nAll heavy things in Size Town are still.\nAll light things in Size Town are unstable.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are changing.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are unpredictable.\nThe bird is in Size Town and it is not both heavy and still.", + "original_conclusion": "The bird is unpredictable and changing." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1427", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEverything in Size Town is big or small.\nAll big things in Size Town are heavy.\nAll small things in Size Town are light.\nAll heavy things in Size Town are still.\nAll light things in Size Town are unstable.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are changing.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are unpredictable.\nThe bird is in Size Town and it is not both heavy and still.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The bird is unpredictable or changing.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 486, + "example_id": 1427, + "original_premises": "Everything in Size Town is big or small.\nAll big things in Size Town are heavy.\nAll small things in Size Town are light.\nAll heavy things in Size Town are still.\nAll light things in Size Town are unstable.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are changing.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are unpredictable.\nThe bird is in Size Town and it is not both heavy and still.", + "original_conclusion": "The bird is unpredictable or changing." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1428", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEverything in Size Town is big or small.\nAll big things in Size Town are heavy.\nAll small things in Size Town are light.\nAll heavy things in Size Town are still.\nAll light things in Size Town are unstable.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are changing.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are unpredictable.\nThe bird is in Size Town and it is not both heavy and still.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The bird is either unpredictable or changing.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 486, + "example_id": 1428, + "original_premises": "Everything in Size Town is big or small.\nAll big things in Size Town are heavy.\nAll small things in Size Town are light.\nAll heavy things in Size Town are still.\nAll light things in Size Town are unstable.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are changing.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are unpredictable.\nThe bird is in Size Town and it is not both heavy and still.", + "original_conclusion": "The bird is either unpredictable or changing." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1429", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEverything in Size Town is big or small.\nAll big things in Size Town are heavy.\nAll small things in Size Town are light.\nAll heavy things in Size Town are still.\nAll light things in Size Town are unstable.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are changing.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are unpredictable.\nThe bird is in Size Town and it is not both heavy and still.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If the bird is small or still, then it is either unpredictable or changing.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 486, + "example_id": 1429, + "original_premises": "Everything in Size Town is big or small.\nAll big things in Size Town are heavy.\nAll small things in Size Town are light.\nAll heavy things in Size Town are still.\nAll light things in Size Town are unstable.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are changing.\nAll unstable things in Size Town are unpredictable.\nThe bird is in Size Town and it is not both heavy and still.", + "original_conclusion": "If the bird is small or still, then it is either unpredictable or changing." + }, + { + "id": "folio_287", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDI Ray is a police procedural television series.\nDI Ray was created and written by Maya Sondhi.\nDI Ray was produced by Jed Mercurio.\nMaya Sondhi and Jed Mercurio are both British.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: DI Ray was created by a Brit.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 95, + "example_id": 287, + "original_premises": "DI Ray is a police procedural television series.\nDI Ray was created and written by Maya Sondhi.\nDI Ray was produced by Jed Mercurio.\nMaya Sondhi and Jed Mercurio are both British.", + "original_conclusion": "DI Ray was created by a Brit." + }, + { + "id": "folio_288", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDI Ray is a police procedural television series.\nDI Ray was created and written by Maya Sondhi.\nDI Ray was produced by Jed Mercurio.\nMaya Sondhi and Jed Mercurio are both British.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Some Brit produced a television series.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 95, + "example_id": 288, + "original_premises": "DI Ray is a police procedural television series.\nDI Ray was created and written by Maya Sondhi.\nDI Ray was produced by Jed Mercurio.\nMaya Sondhi and Jed Mercurio are both British.", + "original_conclusion": "Some Brit produced a television series." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1343", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone who took the bar exam can read. \nAll lawyers took the bar exam. \nEveryone who took the bar exam is knowledgeable about criminal procedures. \nAll people who got a score of 180 on the LSAT can read. \nNo elephants can read. \nIf Mike can not read or is not an elephant, then Mike either took the bar exam or can read. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mike did not take the bar exam and is not both knowledgeable about criminal procedures and someone who got 180 on the LSAT.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 465, + "example_id": 1343, + "original_premises": "Everyone who took the bar exam can read. \nAll lawyers took the bar exam. \nEveryone who took the bar exam is knowledgeable about criminal procedures. \nAll people who got a score of 180 on the LSAT can read. \nNo elephants can read. \nIf Mike can not read or is not an elephant, then Mike either took the bar exam or can read. ", + "original_conclusion": "Mike did not take the bar exam and is not both knowledgeable about criminal procedures and someone who got 180 on the LSAT." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1344", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone who took the bar exam can read. \nAll lawyers took the bar exam. \nEveryone who took the bar exam is knowledgeable about criminal procedures. \nAll people who got a score of 180 on the LSAT can read. \nNo elephants can read. \nIf Mike can not read or is not an elephant, then Mike either took the bar exam or can read. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mike took the bar exam.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 465, + "example_id": 1344, + "original_premises": "Everyone who took the bar exam can read. \nAll lawyers took the bar exam. \nEveryone who took the bar exam is knowledgeable about criminal procedures. \nAll people who got a score of 180 on the LSAT can read. \nNo elephants can read. \nIf Mike can not read or is not an elephant, then Mike either took the bar exam or can read. ", + "original_conclusion": "Mike took the bar exam." + }, + { + "id": "folio_835", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome soccer defenders are center-backs.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nNo soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nStephen Curry is an NBA player.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Stephen Curry is not both a centerback and a soccer defender.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 326, + "example_id": 835, + "original_premises": "Some soccer defenders are center-backs.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nNo soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nStephen Curry is an NBA player.", + "original_conclusion": "Stephen Curry is not both a centerback and a soccer defender." + }, + { + "id": "folio_836", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome soccer defenders are center-backs.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nNo soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nStephen Curry is an NBA player.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Stephen Curry is not both a centerback and a soccer defender, then Stephen Curry is neither a soccer player nor a professional basketball player.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 326, + "example_id": 836, + "original_premises": "Some soccer defenders are center-backs.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nNo soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nStephen Curry is an NBA player.", + "original_conclusion": "If Stephen Curry is not both a centerback and a soccer defender, then Stephen Curry is neither a soccer player nor a professional basketball player." + }, + { + "id": "folio_538", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a person doesn't have enough money to buy a product, then that person can't buy it.\nMonitors are products.\n4k monitors are more expensive than 1080 monitors and 2k monitors.\nJohn is a person.\nJohn doesn't have enough money to buy a 2k monitor.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: John can't buy a 2k monitor.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 186, + "example_id": 538, + "original_premises": "If a person doesn't have enough money to buy a product, then that person can't buy it.\nMonitors are products.\n4k monitors are more expensive than 1080 monitors and 2k monitors.\nJohn is a person.\nJohn doesn't have enough money to buy a 2k monitor.", + "original_conclusion": "John can't buy a 2k monitor." + }, + { + "id": "folio_707", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll artificial satellites are important scientific achievements.\nSome artificial satellites are not U.S. inventions.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: All important scientific achievements are U.S. inventions.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 263, + "example_id": 707, + "original_premises": "All artificial satellites are important scientific achievements.\nSome artificial satellites are not U.S. inventions.", + "original_conclusion": "All important scientific achievements are U.S. inventions." + }, + { + "id": "folio_701", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome cats are not pets.\nAll cats are mammals.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Some mammals are not pets.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 257, + "example_id": 701, + "original_premises": "Some cats are not pets.\nAll cats are mammals.", + "original_conclusion": "Some mammals are not pets." + }, + { + "id": "folio_968", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people in this neighborhood visit a coffee shop regularly, then they are addicted to coffee. \nPeople in this neighborhood visit a coffee shop regularly or order takeout at least once a day.\nIf people in this neighborhood make a lot of their own food at home using recipes and online guides, then they order takeout at least once a day.\nIf people in this neighborhood own at least one coffeemaker and one blender in their home, then they do not order takeout at least once a day.\nAll people in this neighborhood who lead very busy lives that include 12-hour work hours make a lot of their own food at home using recipes and online guides.\nSam is living in this neighborhood, and he is either addicted to coffee or other caffeinated drinks and leads a very busy life that include 12-hour work hours, or is not addicted to coffee and does not lead a very busy life that include 12-hour work hours\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Sam is living in this neighborhood and he owns at least one coffeemaker and one blender in his home.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 364, + "example_id": 968, + "original_premises": "If people in this neighborhood visit a coffee shop regularly, then they are addicted to coffee. \nPeople in this neighborhood visit a coffee shop regularly or order takeout at least once a day.\nIf people in this neighborhood make a lot of their own food at home using recipes and online guides, then they order takeout at least once a day.\nIf people in this neighborhood own at least one coffeemaker and one blender in their home, then they do not order takeout at least once a day.\nAll people in this neighborhood who lead very busy lives that include 12-hour work hours make a lot of their own food at home using recipes and online guides.\nSam is living in this neighborhood, and he is either addicted to coffee or other caffeinated drinks and leads a very busy life that include 12-hour work hours, or is not addicted to coffee and does not lead a very busy life that include 12-hour work hours", + "original_conclusion": "Sam is living in this neighborhood and he owns at least one coffeemaker and one blender in his home." + }, + { + "id": "folio_969", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people in this neighborhood visit a coffee shop regularly, then they are addicted to coffee. \nPeople in this neighborhood visit a coffee shop regularly or order takeout at least once a day.\nIf people in this neighborhood make a lot of their own food at home using recipes and online guides, then they order takeout at least once a day.\nIf people in this neighborhood own at least one coffeemaker and one blender in their home, then they do not order takeout at least once a day.\nAll people in this neighborhood who lead very busy lives that include 12-hour work hours make a lot of their own food at home using recipes and online guides.\nSam is living in this neighborhood, and he is either addicted to coffee or other caffeinated drinks and leads a very busy life that include 12-hour work hours, or is not addicted to coffee and does not lead a very busy life that include 12-hour work hours\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Sam is living in this neighborhood and he owns at least one coffeemaker and one blender in his home or orders takeout at least once a day.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 364, + "example_id": 969, + "original_premises": "If people in this neighborhood visit a coffee shop regularly, then they are addicted to coffee. \nPeople in this neighborhood visit a coffee shop regularly or order takeout at least once a day.\nIf people in this neighborhood make a lot of their own food at home using recipes and online guides, then they order takeout at least once a day.\nIf people in this neighborhood own at least one coffeemaker and one blender in their home, then they do not order takeout at least once a day.\nAll people in this neighborhood who lead very busy lives that include 12-hour work hours make a lot of their own food at home using recipes and online guides.\nSam is living in this neighborhood, and he is either addicted to coffee or other caffeinated drinks and leads a very busy life that include 12-hour work hours, or is not addicted to coffee and does not lead a very busy life that include 12-hour work hours", + "original_conclusion": "Sam is living in this neighborhood and he owns at least one coffeemaker and one blender in his home or orders takeout at least once a day." + }, + { + "id": "folio_837", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo professional basketball players are soccer players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nAll centerbacks are soccer defenders.\nRoger Federer is either both an NBA player and a soccer defender, or neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Roger Federer is a centerback.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 327, + "example_id": 837, + "original_premises": "No professional basketball players are soccer players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nAll centerbacks are soccer defenders.\nRoger Federer is either both an NBA player and a soccer defender, or neither.", + "original_conclusion": "Roger Federer is a centerback." + }, + { + "id": "folio_838", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo professional basketball players are soccer players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nAll centerbacks are soccer defenders.\nRoger Federer is either both an NBA player and a soccer defender, or neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Roger Federer is not a centerback.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 327, + "example_id": 838, + "original_premises": "No professional basketball players are soccer players.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nAll soccer defenders are soccer players.\nAll centerbacks are soccer defenders.\nRoger Federer is either both an NBA player and a soccer defender, or neither.", + "original_conclusion": "Roger Federer is not a centerback." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1275", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome teachers who work at pools are not nice.\nAll teachers working at pools are pool managers.\nAll pool managers are lifeguards.\nIf someone is a lifeguard, then they work at a pool.\nMary does not work at a pool.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mary is not a nice teacher working at a pool.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 443, + "example_id": 1275, + "original_premises": "Some teachers who work at pools are not nice.\nAll teachers working at pools are pool managers.\nAll pool managers are lifeguards.\nIf someone is a lifeguard, then they work at a pool.\nMary does not work at a pool.", + "original_conclusion": "Mary is not a nice teacher working at a pool." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1276", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome teachers who work at pools are not nice.\nAll teachers working at pools are pool managers.\nAll pool managers are lifeguards.\nIf someone is a lifeguard, then they work at a pool.\nMary does not work at a pool.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mary is is a nice teacher working at a pool.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 443, + "example_id": 1276, + "original_premises": "Some teachers who work at pools are not nice.\nAll teachers working at pools are pool managers.\nAll pool managers are lifeguards.\nIf someone is a lifeguard, then they work at a pool.\nMary does not work at a pool.", + "original_conclusion": "Mary is is a nice teacher working at a pool." + }, + { + "id": "folio_746", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNot all art pieces require talent.\nEverything that requires talent requires practice.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There exist art pieces that do not require practice.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 302, + "example_id": 746, + "original_premises": "Not all art pieces require talent.\nEverything that requires talent requires practice.", + "original_conclusion": "There exist art pieces that do not require practice." + }, + { + "id": "folio_268", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBernarda Bryson Shahn was a painter and lithographer.\nBernarda Bryson Shahn was born in Athens, Ohio. \nBernarda Bryson Shahn was married to Ben Shahn.\nPeople born in Athens, Ohio, are Americans.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Bernarda Bryson Shahn was American.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 88, + "example_id": 268, + "original_premises": "Bernarda Bryson Shahn was a painter and lithographer.\nBernarda Bryson Shahn was born in Athens, Ohio. \nBernarda Bryson Shahn was married to Ben Shahn.\nPeople born in Athens, Ohio, are Americans.", + "original_conclusion": "Bernarda Bryson Shahn was American." + }, + { + "id": "folio_983", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEverybody in Emma's family who upgrade to the newest iPhone model every year, are not saving money for a down payment on a new house.\nEverybody in Emma's family who enjoy reading about tech specs and keeping up to date on the latest technology upgrade to the newest iPhone model every year.\nEverybody in Emma's family is saving money for a down payment on a new house, or lives in an apartment in a big metropolitan cities.\nEverybody in Emma's family live with at least one roommate, does not own any pets.\nEverybody in Emma's family who owns at least one pet lives with at least one roommate.\nEmily is in Emma's family.\nIf Emily does not both own at least one pet and lives in apartments in big metropolitan cities, then Emily either owns at least one pet and lives in an apartment in big metropolitan cities, or she neither owns a pet nor lives in an apartment in big metropolitan cities. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Emily enjoys reading about tech specs and keeping up to date on the latest technology.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 369, + "example_id": 983, + "original_premises": "Everybody in Emma's family who upgrade to the newest iPhone model every year, are not saving money for a down payment on a new house.\nEverybody in Emma's family who enjoy reading about tech specs and keeping up to date on the latest technology upgrade to the newest iPhone model every year.\nEverybody in Emma's family is saving money for a down payment on a new house, or lives in an apartment in a big metropolitan cities.\nEverybody in Emma's family live with at least one roommate, does not own any pets.\nEverybody in Emma's family who owns at least one pet lives with at least one roommate.\nEmily is in Emma's family.\nIf Emily does not both own at least one pet and lives in apartments in big metropolitan cities, then Emily either owns at least one pet and lives in an apartment in big metropolitan cities, or she neither owns a pet nor lives in an apartment in big metropolitan cities. ", + "original_conclusion": "Emily enjoys reading about tech specs and keeping up to date on the latest technology." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1299", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPeople on the payroll are being paid by the school.\nIf someone has a job at a school, then they are on the payroll.\nAll faculty members have a job at a school.\nIf someone teaches students, they are a faculty member or a teacher.\nEvery teacher has students.\nIf Nancy is a teacher, then they are on the payroll.\nIf Nancy is not a teacher, then they are not paid by the school.\nNancy teaches students.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Nancy is paid by the school and has students.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 451, + "example_id": 1299, + "original_premises": "People on the payroll are being paid by the school.\nIf someone has a job at a school, then they are on the payroll.\nAll faculty members have a job at a school.\nIf someone teaches students, they are a faculty member or a teacher.\nEvery teacher has students.\nIf Nancy is a teacher, then they are on the payroll.\nIf Nancy is not a teacher, then they are not paid by the school.\nNancy teaches students.", + "original_conclusion": "Nancy is paid by the school and has students." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1300", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPeople on the payroll are being paid by the school.\nIf someone has a job at a school, then they are on the payroll.\nAll faculty members have a job at a school.\nIf someone teaches students, they are a faculty member or a teacher.\nEvery teacher has students.\nIf Nancy is a teacher, then they are on the payroll.\nIf Nancy is not a teacher, then they are not paid by the school.\nNancy teaches students.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Nancy is not paid by the school or does not have students.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 451, + "example_id": 1300, + "original_premises": "People on the payroll are being paid by the school.\nIf someone has a job at a school, then they are on the payroll.\nAll faculty members have a job at a school.\nIf someone teaches students, they are a faculty member or a teacher.\nEvery teacher has students.\nIf Nancy is a teacher, then they are on the payroll.\nIf Nancy is not a teacher, then they are not paid by the school.\nNancy teaches students.", + "original_conclusion": "Nancy is not paid by the school or does not have students." + }, + { + "id": "folio_691", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nKangaroos are an animal.\nNo Kangaroos live in Germany.\nJane will fly to Germany if she saves enough money for the summer.\nIf Jane flies to Germany, she will go to the Berlin Zoo.\nIf someone goes to the Berlin Zoo, they will see some of the animals in Germany.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jane will see a kangaroo if she saves enough money for the summer.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 248, + "example_id": 691, + "original_premises": "Kangaroos are an animal.\nNo Kangaroos live in Germany.\nJane will fly to Germany if she saves enough money for the summer.\nIf Jane flies to Germany, she will go to the Berlin Zoo.\nIf someone goes to the Berlin Zoo, they will see some of the animals in Germany.", + "original_conclusion": "Jane will see a kangaroo if she saves enough money for the summer." + }, + { + "id": "folio_612", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a class has prerequisites, the student must take the prerequisites to take the class.\nIf a class has no prerequisites, then the student can take the class\nCPSC 201 and CPSC 223 are prerequisites for CPSC 323.\nIntro Microeconomics is the only prerequisite for Intermediate Microeconomics.\nIntro Geology has no prerequisites.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If a student took CPSC 201 but did not take CPSC 223, they can take CPSC 323.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 214, + "example_id": 612, + "original_premises": "If a class has prerequisites, the student must take the prerequisites to take the class.\nIf a class has no prerequisites, then the student can take the class\nCPSC 201 and CPSC 223 are prerequisites for CPSC 323.\nIntro Microeconomics is the only prerequisite for Intermediate Microeconomics.\nIntro Geology has no prerequisites.", + "original_conclusion": "If a student took CPSC 201 but did not take CPSC 223, they can take CPSC 323." + }, + { + "id": "folio_613", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a class has prerequisites, the student must take the prerequisites to take the class.\nIf a class has no prerequisites, then the student can take the class\nCPSC 201 and CPSC 223 are prerequisites for CPSC 323.\nIntro Microeconomics is the only prerequisite for Intermediate Microeconomics.\nIntro Geology has no prerequisites.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A student cannot take Intro Geology.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 214, + "example_id": 613, + "original_premises": "If a class has prerequisites, the student must take the prerequisites to take the class.\nIf a class has no prerequisites, then the student can take the class\nCPSC 201 and CPSC 223 are prerequisites for CPSC 323.\nIntro Microeconomics is the only prerequisite for Intermediate Microeconomics.\nIntro Geology has no prerequisites.", + "original_conclusion": "A student cannot take Intro Geology." + }, + { + "id": "folio_614", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a class has prerequisites, the student must take the prerequisites to take the class.\nIf a class has no prerequisites, then the student can take the class\nCPSC 201 and CPSC 223 are prerequisites for CPSC 323.\nIntro Microeconomics is the only prerequisite for Intermediate Microeconomics.\nIntro Geology has no prerequisites.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Intermediate Microeconomics has one prerequisite.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 214, + "example_id": 614, + "original_premises": "If a class has prerequisites, the student must take the prerequisites to take the class.\nIf a class has no prerequisites, then the student can take the class\nCPSC 201 and CPSC 223 are prerequisites for CPSC 323.\nIntro Microeconomics is the only prerequisite for Intermediate Microeconomics.\nIntro Geology has no prerequisites.", + "original_conclusion": "Intermediate Microeconomics has one prerequisite." + }, + { + "id": "folio_107", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nHeptalogyy is a compound literary or narrative work that is made up of seven distinct works.\nThe Harry Potter series consists of 7 distinct works.\nThe Chronicles of Narnia consists of 7 distinct works.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Harry Potter series of books is Heptalogy.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 37, + "example_id": 107, + "original_premises": "Heptalogyy is a compound literary or narrative work that is made up of seven distinct works.\nThe Harry Potter series consists of 7 distinct works.\nThe Chronicles of Narnia consists of 7 distinct works.", + "original_conclusion": "The Harry Potter series of books is Heptalogy." + }, + { + "id": "folio_108", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nHeptalogyy is a compound literary or narrative work that is made up of seven distinct works.\nThe Harry Potter series consists of 7 distinct works.\nThe Chronicles of Narnia consists of 7 distinct works.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Chronicles of Narnia series of books is not Heptalogy.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 37, + "example_id": 108, + "original_premises": "Heptalogyy is a compound literary or narrative work that is made up of seven distinct works.\nThe Harry Potter series consists of 7 distinct works.\nThe Chronicles of Narnia consists of 7 distinct works.", + "original_conclusion": "The Chronicles of Narnia series of books is not Heptalogy." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1018", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll people who attend Renaissance fairs regularly enjoy dressing up in old-fashioned and historical period clothing.\nIf people are fascinated by the history of the Renaissance and other past eras, then they attend Renaissance fairs regularly.\nPeople are fascinated by the history of the Renaissance and other past eras, or they are contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nPeople who are focused on futuristic and vocational subjects are contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nIf people are professors who take a historical approach, then they are not contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nIf Clyde is not focused on futuristic and voctional subjects, then he is neither focused on futuristic and vocational subjects nor enjoys dressing up in old-fashioned and historical period clothing.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Clyde is a professor who takes a historical approach.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 381, + "example_id": 1018, + "original_premises": "All people who attend Renaissance fairs regularly enjoy dressing up in old-fashioned and historical period clothing.\nIf people are fascinated by the history of the Renaissance and other past eras, then they attend Renaissance fairs regularly.\nPeople are fascinated by the history of the Renaissance and other past eras, or they are contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nPeople who are focused on futuristic and vocational subjects are contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nIf people are professors who take a historical approach, then they are not contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nIf Clyde is not focused on futuristic and voctional subjects, then he is neither focused on futuristic and vocational subjects nor enjoys dressing up in old-fashioned and historical period clothing.", + "original_conclusion": "Clyde is a professor who takes a historical approach." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1019", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll people who attend Renaissance fairs regularly enjoy dressing up in old-fashioned and historical period clothing.\nIf people are fascinated by the history of the Renaissance and other past eras, then they attend Renaissance fairs regularly.\nPeople are fascinated by the history of the Renaissance and other past eras, or they are contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nPeople who are focused on futuristic and vocational subjects are contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nIf people are professors who take a historical approach, then they are not contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nIf Clyde is not focused on futuristic and voctional subjects, then he is neither focused on futuristic and vocational subjects nor enjoys dressing up in old-fashioned and historical period clothing.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Clyde is a professor who takes a historical approach, or is a contemporary academic.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 381, + "example_id": 1019, + "original_premises": "All people who attend Renaissance fairs regularly enjoy dressing up in old-fashioned and historical period clothing.\nIf people are fascinated by the history of the Renaissance and other past eras, then they attend Renaissance fairs regularly.\nPeople are fascinated by the history of the Renaissance and other past eras, or they are contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nPeople who are focused on futuristic and vocational subjects are contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nIf people are professors who take a historical approach, then they are not contemporary academics who enjoy learning.\nIf Clyde is not focused on futuristic and voctional subjects, then he is neither focused on futuristic and vocational subjects nor enjoys dressing up in old-fashioned and historical period clothing.", + "original_conclusion": "Clyde is a professor who takes a historical approach, or is a contemporary academic." + }, + { + "id": "folio_714", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo sports cars are vehicles intended to be driven at moderate speeds.\nAll automobiles designed for family use are vehicles intended to be driven at moderate speeds.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No sports cars are automobiles designed for family use.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 270, + "example_id": 714, + "original_premises": "No sports cars are vehicles intended to be driven at moderate speeds.\nAll automobiles designed for family use are vehicles intended to be driven at moderate speeds.", + "original_conclusion": "No sports cars are automobiles designed for family use." + }, + { + "id": "folio_945", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people work well in teams in the workplace, then they get along with all their colleagues at their work.\nIf people come to work every day with a positive attitude, then they work well in teams in the workplace.\nPeople either come to work every day with a positive attitude or are always tired every morning.\nIf people are always tired in the morning, then they are criticized by their boss.\nIf people are criticized by their boss, then they do not receive positive feedback from teams at work.\nKat either is a person who works well in teams in the workplac and is always tired every morning, or she is neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Kat gets along with her colleagues at her work and receives positive feedback from teams at her work.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 356, + "example_id": 945, + "original_premises": "If people work well in teams in the workplace, then they get along with all their colleagues at their work.\nIf people come to work every day with a positive attitude, then they work well in teams in the workplace.\nPeople either come to work every day with a positive attitude or are always tired every morning.\nIf people are always tired in the morning, then they are criticized by their boss.\nIf people are criticized by their boss, then they do not receive positive feedback from teams at work.\nKat either is a person who works well in teams in the workplac and is always tired every morning, or she is neither.", + "original_conclusion": "Kat gets along with her colleagues at her work and receives positive feedback from teams at her work." + }, + { + "id": "folio_946", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people work well in teams in the workplace, then they get along with all their colleagues at their work.\nIf people come to work every day with a positive attitude, then they work well in teams in the workplace.\nPeople either come to work every day with a positive attitude or are always tired every morning.\nIf people are always tired in the morning, then they are criticized by their boss.\nIf people are criticized by their boss, then they do not receive positive feedback from teams at work.\nKat either is a person who works well in teams in the workplac and is always tired every morning, or she is neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Kat either gets along with her colleagues at her work or receives positive feedback from teams at her work.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 356, + "example_id": 946, + "original_premises": "If people work well in teams in the workplace, then they get along with all their colleagues at their work.\nIf people come to work every day with a positive attitude, then they work well in teams in the workplace.\nPeople either come to work every day with a positive attitude or are always tired every morning.\nIf people are always tired in the morning, then they are criticized by their boss.\nIf people are criticized by their boss, then they do not receive positive feedback from teams at work.\nKat either is a person who works well in teams in the workplac and is always tired every morning, or she is neither.", + "original_conclusion": "Kat either gets along with her colleagues at her work or receives positive feedback from teams at her work." + }, + { + "id": "folio_720", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDrishti is an open-source software.\nOpen-source software is free to modify.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Drishti is free to modify.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 276, + "example_id": 720, + "original_premises": "Drishti is an open-source software.\nOpen-source software is free to modify.", + "original_conclusion": "Drishti is free to modify." + }, + { + "id": "folio_461", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are five grades in English class: A+, A, B+, B, and C. \nIf a student gets an A+ in English class, then his score is greater than 95.\nIf a student gets an A in English class, then his score is greater than 90 but lower than 95.\nZhang got an A in English class.\nWang's English class score is better than Zhang's.\nWu's English class score is lower than 90.\nIf a student's English class score is lower than 90, then it is not greater than 95 or 90, and lower than 95.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Zhang's English class score is lower than 95.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 161, + "example_id": 461, + "original_premises": "There are five grades in English class: A+, A, B+, B, and C. \nIf a student gets an A+ in English class, then his score is greater than 95.\nIf a student gets an A in English class, then his score is greater than 90 but lower than 95.\nZhang got an A in English class.\nWang's English class score is better than Zhang's.\nWu's English class score is lower than 90.\nIf a student's English class score is lower than 90, then it is not greater than 95 or 90, and lower than 95.", + "original_conclusion": "Zhang's English class score is lower than 95." + }, + { + "id": "folio_463", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are five grades in English class: A+, A, B+, B, and C. \nIf a student gets an A+ in English class, then his score is greater than 95.\nIf a student gets an A in English class, then his score is greater than 90 but lower than 95.\nZhang got an A in English class.\nWang's English class score is better than Zhang's.\nWu's English class score is lower than 90.\nIf a student's English class score is lower than 90, then it is not greater than 95 or 90, and lower than 95.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Wu does not get an A or A+ in English class.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 161, + "example_id": 463, + "original_premises": "There are five grades in English class: A+, A, B+, B, and C. \nIf a student gets an A+ in English class, then his score is greater than 95.\nIf a student gets an A in English class, then his score is greater than 90 but lower than 95.\nZhang got an A in English class.\nWang's English class score is better than Zhang's.\nWu's English class score is lower than 90.\nIf a student's English class score is lower than 90, then it is not greater than 95 or 90, and lower than 95.", + "original_conclusion": "Wu does not get an A or A+ in English class." + }, + { + "id": "folio_617", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nOlivia doesn't prefer warm temperatures during the day.\nWhen Olivia sleeps, she prefers a cool temperature.\nOlivia sleeps during the night.\nOlivia works during the day.\nOlivia either works or sleeps.\nIt is either the day or the night.\nOlivia either prefers warm temperatures or prefers cool temperatures.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: At all times, Olivia prefers a cool temperature.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 216, + "example_id": 617, + "original_premises": "Olivia doesn't prefer warm temperatures during the day.\nWhen Olivia sleeps, she prefers a cool temperature.\nOlivia sleeps during the night.\nOlivia works during the day.\nOlivia either works or sleeps.\nIt is either the day or the night.\nOlivia either prefers warm temperatures or prefers cool temperatures.", + "original_conclusion": "At all times, Olivia prefers a cool temperature." + }, + { + "id": "folio_592", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTOra is a GUI.\nGUIs are software.\nSoftware can be free or paid.\nPaid Software is not under the GNU General Public License.\nTOra is under the GNU General Public License.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: TOra is a paid software.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 207, + "example_id": 592, + "original_premises": "TOra is a GUI.\nGUIs are software.\nSoftware can be free or paid.\nPaid Software is not under the GNU General Public License.\nTOra is under the GNU General Public License.", + "original_conclusion": "TOra is a paid software." + }, + { + "id": "folio_593", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTOra is a GUI.\nGUIs are software.\nSoftware can be free or paid.\nPaid Software is not under the GNU General Public License.\nTOra is under the GNU General Public License.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: TOra is a free software.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 207, + "example_id": 593, + "original_premises": "TOra is a GUI.\nGUIs are software.\nSoftware can be free or paid.\nPaid Software is not under the GNU General Public License.\nTOra is under the GNU General Public License.", + "original_conclusion": "TOra is a free software." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1199", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nCustomers choose a Prime Video plan or an HBO Max Plan, or both. \nAll customers who choose a Prime Video Plan are rewarded with a $30 gift card. \nThere are no customers who do not choose any plan. \nNone of the customers who are rewarded with a $30 gift card are older than 80.\nAll the customers are either older than 80 or between the ages of 60 and 80.\nJames is a customer who is not between the ages of 60 and 80. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James is a customer who does not choose any plans.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 424, + "example_id": 1199, + "original_premises": "Customers choose a Prime Video plan or an HBO Max Plan, or both. \nAll customers who choose a Prime Video Plan are rewarded with a $30 gift card. \nThere are no customers who do not choose any plan. \nNone of the customers who are rewarded with a $30 gift card are older than 80.\nAll the customers are either older than 80 or between the ages of 60 and 80.\nJames is a customer who is not between the ages of 60 and 80. ", + "original_conclusion": "James is a customer who does not choose any plans." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1200", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nCustomers choose a Prime Video plan or an HBO Max Plan, or both. \nAll customers who choose a Prime Video Plan are rewarded with a $30 gift card. \nThere are no customers who do not choose any plan. \nNone of the customers who are rewarded with a $30 gift card are older than 80.\nAll the customers are either older than 80 or between the ages of 60 and 80.\nJames is a customer who is not between the ages of 60 and 80. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James is a customer who chooses a Prime Video plan or does not choose any plans.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 424, + "example_id": 1200, + "original_premises": "Customers choose a Prime Video plan or an HBO Max Plan, or both. \nAll customers who choose a Prime Video Plan are rewarded with a $30 gift card. \nThere are no customers who do not choose any plan. \nNone of the customers who are rewarded with a $30 gift card are older than 80.\nAll the customers are either older than 80 or between the ages of 60 and 80.\nJames is a customer who is not between the ages of 60 and 80. ", + "original_conclusion": "James is a customer who chooses a Prime Video plan or does not choose any plans." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1201", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nCustomers choose a Prime Video plan or an HBO Max Plan, or both. \nAll customers who choose a Prime Video Plan are rewarded with a $30 gift card. \nThere are no customers who do not choose any plan. \nNone of the customers who are rewarded with a $30 gift card are older than 80.\nAll the customers are either older than 80 or between the ages of 60 and 80.\nJames is a customer who is not between the ages of 60 and 80. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Suppose James is a customer who chooses the Prime Video plan or does not choose any plans, then he is either rewarded a $30 gift card or chooses the HBO Max plan.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 424, + "example_id": 1201, + "original_premises": "Customers choose a Prime Video plan or an HBO Max Plan, or both. \nAll customers who choose a Prime Video Plan are rewarded with a $30 gift card. \nThere are no customers who do not choose any plan. \nNone of the customers who are rewarded with a $30 gift card are older than 80.\nAll the customers are either older than 80 or between the ages of 60 and 80.\nJames is a customer who is not between the ages of 60 and 80. ", + "original_conclusion": "Suppose James is a customer who chooses the Prime Video plan or does not choose any plans, then he is either rewarded a $30 gift card or chooses the HBO Max plan." + }, + { + "id": "folio_498", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDetroit City is a horse.\nSome horses are racehorses.\nIf a horse falls in a race, it poses risks to its rider.\nDetroit City fell in a race.\nA horse is a racehorse if it is in a race.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Detroit City poses risks to its rider.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 173, + "example_id": 498, + "original_premises": "Detroit City is a horse.\nSome horses are racehorses.\nIf a horse falls in a race, it poses risks to its rider.\nDetroit City fell in a race.\nA horse is a racehorse if it is in a race.", + "original_conclusion": "Detroit City poses risks to its rider." + }, + { + "id": "folio_499", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDetroit City is a horse.\nSome horses are racehorses.\nIf a horse falls in a race, it poses risks to its rider.\nDetroit City fell in a race.\nA horse is a racehorse if it is in a race.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Detroit City is a racehorse.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 173, + "example_id": 499, + "original_premises": "Detroit City is a horse.\nSome horses are racehorses.\nIf a horse falls in a race, it poses risks to its rider.\nDetroit City fell in a race.\nA horse is a racehorse if it is in a race.", + "original_conclusion": "Detroit City is a racehorse." + }, + { + "id": "folio_340", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nFrederick Monhoff was an architect, artist, and illustrator.\nFrederick Monhoff was an American.\nAn artist is good at physical or conceptual art.\nAll Americans are American citizens.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No illustrator was an American citizen.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 112, + "example_id": 340, + "original_premises": "Frederick Monhoff was an architect, artist, and illustrator.\nFrederick Monhoff was an American.\nAn artist is good at physical or conceptual art.\nAll Americans are American citizens.", + "original_conclusion": "No illustrator was an American citizen." + }, + { + "id": "folio_51", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nMiroslav Fiedler was a Czech mathematician.\nMiroslav Fiedler is known for his contributions to linear algebra and graph theory.\nMiroslav Fiedler is honored by the Fiedler eigenvalue.\nFiedler eigenvalue is the second smallest eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Miroslav Fiedler is honored by the second smallest eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 18, + "example_id": 51, + "original_premises": "Miroslav Fiedler was a Czech mathematician.\nMiroslav Fiedler is known for his contributions to linear algebra and graph theory.\nMiroslav Fiedler is honored by the Fiedler eigenvalue.\nFiedler eigenvalue is the second smallest eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian.", + "original_conclusion": "Miroslav Fiedler is honored by the second smallest eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian." + }, + { + "id": "folio_53", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nMiroslav Fiedler was a Czech mathematician.\nMiroslav Fiedler is known for his contributions to linear algebra and graph theory.\nMiroslav Fiedler is honored by the Fiedler eigenvalue.\nFiedler eigenvalue is the second smallest eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A Czech mathematician is known for his contributions to linear algebra and graph theory.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 18, + "example_id": 53, + "original_premises": "Miroslav Fiedler was a Czech mathematician.\nMiroslav Fiedler is known for his contributions to linear algebra and graph theory.\nMiroslav Fiedler is honored by the Fiedler eigenvalue.\nFiedler eigenvalue is the second smallest eigenvalue of the graph Laplacian.", + "original_conclusion": "A Czech mathematician is known for his contributions to linear algebra and graph theory." + }, + { + "id": "folio_444", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA laptop is a computer.\nYou can play games on a computer.\nA phone is not a computer.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: You can play games on a laptop.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 153, + "example_id": 444, + "original_premises": "A laptop is a computer.\nYou can play games on a computer.\nA phone is not a computer.", + "original_conclusion": "You can play games on a laptop." + }, + { + "id": "folio_29", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nWalter Folger Brown was an American politician and lawyer who served as the postmaster general.\nWalter Folger Brown graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts.\nWhile they were both in Toledo, Walter Folger Brown's father practiced law with Walter Folger Brown.\nKatherin Hafer married Walter Folger Brown.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Walter Folger Brown graduated with a Bachelor of Arts.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 11, + "example_id": 29, + "original_premises": "Walter Folger Brown was an American politician and lawyer who served as the postmaster general.\nWalter Folger Brown graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts.\nWhile they were both in Toledo, Walter Folger Brown's father practiced law with Walter Folger Brown.\nKatherin Hafer married Walter Folger Brown.", + "original_conclusion": "Walter Folger Brown graduated with a Bachelor of Arts." + }, + { + "id": "folio_30", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nWalter Folger Brown was an American politician and lawyer who served as the postmaster general.\nWalter Folger Brown graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts.\nWhile they were both in Toledo, Walter Folger Brown's father practiced law with Walter Folger Brown.\nKatherin Hafer married Walter Folger Brown.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Walter Folger Brown's father was in Toledo.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 11, + "example_id": 30, + "original_premises": "Walter Folger Brown was an American politician and lawyer who served as the postmaster general.\nWalter Folger Brown graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts.\nWhile they were both in Toledo, Walter Folger Brown's father practiced law with Walter Folger Brown.\nKatherin Hafer married Walter Folger Brown.", + "original_conclusion": "Walter Folger Brown's father was in Toledo." + }, + { + "id": "folio_31", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nWalter Folger Brown was an American politician and lawyer who served as the postmaster general.\nWalter Folger Brown graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts.\nWhile they were both in Toledo, Walter Folger Brown's father practiced law with Walter Folger Brown.\nKatherin Hafer married Walter Folger Brown.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Walter Folger Brown was not in Toledo.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 11, + "example_id": 31, + "original_premises": "Walter Folger Brown was an American politician and lawyer who served as the postmaster general.\nWalter Folger Brown graduated from Harvard University with a Bachelor of Arts.\nWhile they were both in Toledo, Walter Folger Brown's father practiced law with Walter Folger Brown.\nKatherin Hafer married Walter Folger Brown.", + "original_conclusion": "Walter Folger Brown was not in Toledo." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1147", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll products designed by Apple are sold at Apple Stores.\nAll products with Apple logos are designed by Apple.\nAll Macbooks have Apple logos.\nAll products with Apple M2 chips are Mackbooks.\nA Thinkpad X1 is not both sold in Apple Stores and is a Macbook.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Thinkpad X1 has an Apple M2 chip.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 410, + "example_id": 1147, + "original_premises": "All products designed by Apple are sold at Apple Stores.\nAll products with Apple logos are designed by Apple.\nAll Macbooks have Apple logos.\nAll products with Apple M2 chips are Mackbooks.\nA Thinkpad X1 is not both sold in Apple Stores and is a Macbook.", + "original_conclusion": "The Thinkpad X1 has an Apple M2 chip." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1149", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll products designed by Apple are sold at Apple Stores.\nAll products with Apple logos are designed by Apple.\nAll Macbooks have Apple logos.\nAll products with Apple M2 chips are Mackbooks.\nA Thinkpad X1 is not both sold in Apple Stores and is a Macbook.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Thinkpad X1 has an Apple M2 chip and is a Macbook.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 410, + "example_id": 1149, + "original_premises": "All products designed by Apple are sold at Apple Stores.\nAll products with Apple logos are designed by Apple.\nAll Macbooks have Apple logos.\nAll products with Apple M2 chips are Mackbooks.\nA Thinkpad X1 is not both sold in Apple Stores and is a Macbook.", + "original_conclusion": "The Thinkpad X1 has an Apple M2 chip and is a Macbook." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1150", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll products designed by Apple are sold at Apple Stores.\nAll products with Apple logos are designed by Apple.\nAll Macbooks have Apple logos.\nAll products with Apple M2 chips are Mackbooks.\nA Thinkpad X1 is not both sold in Apple Stores and is a Macbook.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Thinkpad X1 either has an Apple M2 chip or is a Macbook.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 410, + "example_id": 1150, + "original_premises": "All products designed by Apple are sold at Apple Stores.\nAll products with Apple logos are designed by Apple.\nAll Macbooks have Apple logos.\nAll products with Apple M2 chips are Mackbooks.\nA Thinkpad X1 is not both sold in Apple Stores and is a Macbook.", + "original_conclusion": "The Thinkpad X1 either has an Apple M2 chip or is a Macbook." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1151", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll products designed by Apple are sold at Apple Stores.\nAll products with Apple logos are designed by Apple.\nAll Macbooks have Apple logos.\nAll products with Apple M2 chips are Mackbooks.\nA Thinkpad X1 is not both sold in Apple Stores and is a Macbook.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If the Thinkpad X1 has an Apple M2 chip and is a Macbook, then it neither has an Apple M2 chip nor is sold in Apple Stores.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 410, + "example_id": 1151, + "original_premises": "All products designed by Apple are sold at Apple Stores.\nAll products with Apple logos are designed by Apple.\nAll Macbooks have Apple logos.\nAll products with Apple M2 chips are Mackbooks.\nA Thinkpad X1 is not both sold in Apple Stores and is a Macbook.", + "original_conclusion": "If the Thinkpad X1 has an Apple M2 chip and is a Macbook, then it neither has an Apple M2 chip nor is sold in Apple Stores." + }, + { + "id": "folio_585", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nOxford Circus is a road junction connecting Oxford Street and Regent Street.\nOxford Street and Regent Street are in London.\nJohn Nash designed a construction on Regent Street.\nJohn Nash designed Oxford Circus.\nJohn Nash is a British architect.\nOxford Circus is the entrance to Oxford Circus tube station, a part of the Central line in 1900.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Oxford Circus is in London.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 205, + "example_id": 585, + "original_premises": "Oxford Circus is a road junction connecting Oxford Street and Regent Street.\nOxford Street and Regent Street are in London.\nJohn Nash designed a construction on Regent Street.\nJohn Nash designed Oxford Circus.\nJohn Nash is a British architect.\nOxford Circus is the entrance to Oxford Circus tube station, a part of the Central line in 1900.", + "original_conclusion": "Oxford Circus is in London." + }, + { + "id": "folio_586", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nOxford Circus is a road junction connecting Oxford Street and Regent Street.\nOxford Street and Regent Street are in London.\nJohn Nash designed a construction on Regent Street.\nJohn Nash designed Oxford Circus.\nJohn Nash is a British architect.\nOxford Circus is the entrance to Oxford Circus tube station, a part of the Central line in 1900.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Oxford Circus is designed by a British architect.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 205, + "example_id": 586, + "original_premises": "Oxford Circus is a road junction connecting Oxford Street and Regent Street.\nOxford Street and Regent Street are in London.\nJohn Nash designed a construction on Regent Street.\nJohn Nash designed Oxford Circus.\nJohn Nash is a British architect.\nOxford Circus is the entrance to Oxford Circus tube station, a part of the Central line in 1900.", + "original_conclusion": "Oxford Circus is designed by a British architect." + }, + { + "id": "folio_588", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nOxford Circus is a road junction connecting Oxford Street and Regent Street.\nOxford Street and Regent Street are in London.\nJohn Nash designed a construction on Regent Street.\nJohn Nash designed Oxford Circus.\nJohn Nash is a British architect.\nOxford Circus is the entrance to Oxford Circus tube station, a part of the Central line in 1900.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Regent Street is not in London.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 205, + "example_id": 588, + "original_premises": "Oxford Circus is a road junction connecting Oxford Street and Regent Street.\nOxford Street and Regent Street are in London.\nJohn Nash designed a construction on Regent Street.\nJohn Nash designed Oxford Circus.\nJohn Nash is a British architect.\nOxford Circus is the entrance to Oxford Circus tube station, a part of the Central line in 1900.", + "original_conclusion": "Regent Street is not in London." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1369", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll pets in my house are either cats or dogs.\nAll the dogs in my house bark.\nGhosts do not exist.\nIf some pet in my house barks, then it is not dead.\nAll of the pets in my house are either dead or alive.\nJojo is a pet in my house, and it is not alive.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jojo is a ghost.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 473, + "example_id": 1369, + "original_premises": "All pets in my house are either cats or dogs.\nAll the dogs in my house bark.\nGhosts do not exist.\nIf some pet in my house barks, then it is not dead.\nAll of the pets in my house are either dead or alive.\nJojo is a pet in my house, and it is not alive.", + "original_conclusion": "Jojo is a ghost." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1370", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll pets in my house are either cats or dogs.\nAll the dogs in my house bark.\nGhosts do not exist.\nIf some pet in my house barks, then it is not dead.\nAll of the pets in my house are either dead or alive.\nJojo is a pet in my house, and it is not alive.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jojo is a cat or a ghost.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 473, + "example_id": 1370, + "original_premises": "All pets in my house are either cats or dogs.\nAll the dogs in my house bark.\nGhosts do not exist.\nIf some pet in my house barks, then it is not dead.\nAll of the pets in my house are either dead or alive.\nJojo is a pet in my house, and it is not alive.", + "original_conclusion": "Jojo is a cat or a ghost." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1371", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll pets in my house are either cats or dogs.\nAll the dogs in my house bark.\nGhosts do not exist.\nIf some pet in my house barks, then it is not dead.\nAll of the pets in my house are either dead or alive.\nJojo is a pet in my house, and it is not alive.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Jojo is a cat or a ghost, then Jojo either barks or is a dog.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 473, + "example_id": 1371, + "original_premises": "All pets in my house are either cats or dogs.\nAll the dogs in my house bark.\nGhosts do not exist.\nIf some pet in my house barks, then it is not dead.\nAll of the pets in my house are either dead or alive.\nJojo is a pet in my house, and it is not alive.", + "original_conclusion": "If Jojo is a cat or a ghost, then Jojo either barks or is a dog." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1264", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll tigers are cats.\nNo cats are dogs.\nAll Bengal tigers are tigers.\nAll huskies are dogs.\nFido is either a Bengal tiger or a cat.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Fido is a husky animal.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 440, + "example_id": 1264, + "original_premises": "All tigers are cats.\nNo cats are dogs.\nAll Bengal tigers are tigers.\nAll huskies are dogs.\nFido is either a Bengal tiger or a cat.", + "original_conclusion": "Fido is a husky animal." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1265", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll tigers are cats.\nNo cats are dogs.\nAll Bengal tigers are tigers.\nAll huskies are dogs.\nFido is either a Bengal tiger or a cat.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Fido is not a husky.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 440, + "example_id": 1265, + "original_premises": "All tigers are cats.\nNo cats are dogs.\nAll Bengal tigers are tigers.\nAll huskies are dogs.\nFido is either a Bengal tiger or a cat.", + "original_conclusion": "Fido is not a husky." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1267", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll tigers are cats.\nNo cats are dogs.\nAll Bengal tigers are tigers.\nAll huskies are dogs.\nFido is either a Bengal tiger or a cat.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Fido is neither a dog nor a husky.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 440, + "example_id": 1267, + "original_premises": "All tigers are cats.\nNo cats are dogs.\nAll Bengal tigers are tigers.\nAll huskies are dogs.\nFido is either a Bengal tiger or a cat.", + "original_conclusion": "Fido is neither a dog nor a husky." + }, + { + "id": "folio_195", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a city holds a Summer Olympics, and the city is a US city, then the Summer Olympics will be in the US.\nIf a city is in a state in the US, the city is a US city.\nIf a city is in a state, and a Summer Olympics is in this city, then the Summer Olympics is in this state.\nThe 2028 Summer Olympics is scheduled to take place in Los Angeles.\nLos Angeles is a city in California.\nAtlanta is a US city.\nAtlanta is in Georgia.\nCalifornia is a state in the United States.\nBoxing, modern pentathlon, and weightlifting will be removed from The 2028 Summer Olympics.\nAtlanta in the United States held the 1996 Summer Olympics.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The 2028 Summer Olympics will take place in the US.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 66, + "example_id": 195, + "original_premises": "If a city holds a Summer Olympics, and the city is a US city, then the Summer Olympics will be in the US.\nIf a city is in a state in the US, the city is a US city.\nIf a city is in a state, and a Summer Olympics is in this city, then the Summer Olympics is in this state.\nThe 2028 Summer Olympics is scheduled to take place in Los Angeles.\nLos Angeles is a city in California.\nAtlanta is a US city.\nAtlanta is in Georgia.\nCalifornia is a state in the United States.\nBoxing, modern pentathlon, and weightlifting will be removed from The 2028 Summer Olympics.\nAtlanta in the United States held the 1996 Summer Olympics.", + "original_conclusion": "The 2028 Summer Olympics will take place in the US." + }, + { + "id": "folio_196", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a city holds a Summer Olympics, and the city is a US city, then the Summer Olympics will be in the US.\nIf a city is in a state in the US, the city is a US city.\nIf a city is in a state, and a Summer Olympics is in this city, then the Summer Olympics is in this state.\nThe 2028 Summer Olympics is scheduled to take place in Los Angeles.\nLos Angeles is a city in California.\nAtlanta is a US city.\nAtlanta is in Georgia.\nCalifornia is a state in the United States.\nBoxing, modern pentathlon, and weightlifting will be removed from The 2028 Summer Olympics.\nAtlanta in the United States held the 1996 Summer Olympics.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The 1996 Summer Olympics is not in Georgia.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 66, + "example_id": 196, + "original_premises": "If a city holds a Summer Olympics, and the city is a US city, then the Summer Olympics will be in the US.\nIf a city is in a state in the US, the city is a US city.\nIf a city is in a state, and a Summer Olympics is in this city, then the Summer Olympics is in this state.\nThe 2028 Summer Olympics is scheduled to take place in Los Angeles.\nLos Angeles is a city in California.\nAtlanta is a US city.\nAtlanta is in Georgia.\nCalifornia is a state in the United States.\nBoxing, modern pentathlon, and weightlifting will be removed from The 2028 Summer Olympics.\nAtlanta in the United States held the 1996 Summer Olympics.", + "original_conclusion": "The 1996 Summer Olympics is not in Georgia." + }, + { + "id": "folio_23", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe taiga vole is a large vole found in northwestern North America. \nCats like playing with all voles.\nThe taiga vole lives in the boreal taiga zone.\nThe boreal taiga zone in North America is a cold place to live in.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Cats like playing with taiga vole.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 9, + "example_id": 23, + "original_premises": "The taiga vole is a large vole found in northwestern North America. \nCats like playing with all voles.\nThe taiga vole lives in the boreal taiga zone.\nThe boreal taiga zone in North America is a cold place to live in.", + "original_conclusion": "Cats like playing with taiga vole." + }, + { + "id": "folio_24", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe taiga vole is a large vole found in northwestern North America. \nCats like playing with all voles.\nThe taiga vole lives in the boreal taiga zone.\nThe boreal taiga zone in North America is a cold place to live in.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Taiga vole's living place is not cold.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 9, + "example_id": 24, + "original_premises": "The taiga vole is a large vole found in northwestern North America. \nCats like playing with all voles.\nThe taiga vole lives in the boreal taiga zone.\nThe boreal taiga zone in North America is a cold place to live in.", + "original_conclusion": "Taiga vole's living place is not cold." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1042", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA diseases affect females or males.\nNo women have prostate cancer.\nA cancer is either prostate cancer or non-prostate cancer. \nNo type of cancer is without mutations.\nAll non-prostate cancers are a type of cancer.\nIf adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer or without mutations or both, then adenocarcinoma is in women or without mutations or both.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Adenocarcinoma is a disease in women.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 389, + "example_id": 1042, + "original_premises": "A diseases affect females or males.\nNo women have prostate cancer.\nA cancer is either prostate cancer or non-prostate cancer. \nNo type of cancer is without mutations.\nAll non-prostate cancers are a type of cancer.\nIf adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer or without mutations or both, then adenocarcinoma is in women or without mutations or both.", + "original_conclusion": "Adenocarcinoma is a disease in women." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1043", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA diseases affect females or males.\nNo women have prostate cancer.\nA cancer is either prostate cancer or non-prostate cancer. \nNo type of cancer is without mutations.\nAll non-prostate cancers are a type of cancer.\nIf adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer or without mutations or both, then adenocarcinoma is in women or without mutations or both.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If adenocarcinoma is a disease in women or without mutations, then adenocarcinoma is without mutations and a non-prostate cancer.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 389, + "example_id": 1043, + "original_premises": "A diseases affect females or males.\nNo women have prostate cancer.\nA cancer is either prostate cancer or non-prostate cancer. \nNo type of cancer is without mutations.\nAll non-prostate cancers are a type of cancer.\nIf adenocarcinoma is a type of cancer or without mutations or both, then adenocarcinoma is in women or without mutations or both.", + "original_conclusion": "If adenocarcinoma is a disease in women or without mutations, then adenocarcinoma is without mutations and a non-prostate cancer." + }, + { + "id": "folio_175", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome monitors equipped in the lab are produced by the company named AOC. \nAll monitors equipped in the lab are cheaper than their original prices. \nIf a monitor is cheaper than its original price, then its resolution is 1080p. \nIf a monitor has a resolution of 1080p, then it does not support the type-c port. \nLG34 is equipped in the lab. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: LG34 machine does not support the type-c port.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 59, + "example_id": 175, + "original_premises": "Some monitors equipped in the lab are produced by the company named AOC. \nAll monitors equipped in the lab are cheaper than their original prices. \nIf a monitor is cheaper than its original price, then its resolution is 1080p. \nIf a monitor has a resolution of 1080p, then it does not support the type-c port. \nLG34 is equipped in the lab. ", + "original_conclusion": "LG34 machine does not support the type-c port." + }, + { + "id": "folio_176", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome monitors equipped in the lab are produced by the company named AOC. \nAll monitors equipped in the lab are cheaper than their original prices. \nIf a monitor is cheaper than its original price, then its resolution is 1080p. \nIf a monitor has a resolution of 1080p, then it does not support the type-c port. \nLG34 is equipped in the lab. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: LG34 is not with a resolution of 1080p.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 59, + "example_id": 176, + "original_premises": "Some monitors equipped in the lab are produced by the company named AOC. \nAll monitors equipped in the lab are cheaper than their original prices. \nIf a monitor is cheaper than its original price, then its resolution is 1080p. \nIf a monitor has a resolution of 1080p, then it does not support the type-c port. \nLG34 is equipped in the lab. ", + "original_conclusion": "LG34 is not with a resolution of 1080p." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1156", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll fruits sold at Nica's market are shipped from Colombia. \nSome fruits sold in New Haven are shipped from Mexico.\nNo fruits shipped from Colombia are sold at the local farmers market in New Haven. \nAvocados are a kind of fruit sold at the local farmers market in New Haven or at Nica's market. \nAvocados are either shipped from Colombia and sold in New Haven, or neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Avocados are either sold at the local farmers market in New Haven or are sold in New Haven.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 412, + "example_id": 1156, + "original_premises": "All fruits sold at Nica's market are shipped from Colombia. \nSome fruits sold in New Haven are shipped from Mexico.\nNo fruits shipped from Colombia are sold at the local farmers market in New Haven. \nAvocados are a kind of fruit sold at the local farmers market in New Haven or at Nica's market. \nAvocados are either shipped from Colombia and sold in New Haven, or neither.", + "original_conclusion": "Avocados are either sold at the local farmers market in New Haven or are sold in New Haven." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1157", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll fruits sold at Nica's market are shipped from Colombia. \nSome fruits sold in New Haven are shipped from Mexico.\nNo fruits shipped from Colombia are sold at the local farmers market in New Haven. \nAvocados are a kind of fruit sold at the local farmers market in New Haven or at Nica's market. \nAvocados are either shipped from Colombia and sold in New Haven, or neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Avocados are either sold in New Haven or sold at Nica's market.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 412, + "example_id": 1157, + "original_premises": "All fruits sold at Nica's market are shipped from Colombia. \nSome fruits sold in New Haven are shipped from Mexico.\nNo fruits shipped from Colombia are sold at the local farmers market in New Haven. \nAvocados are a kind of fruit sold at the local farmers market in New Haven or at Nica's market. \nAvocados are either shipped from Colombia and sold in New Haven, or neither.", + "original_conclusion": "Avocados are either sold in New Haven or sold at Nica's market." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1158", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll fruits sold at Nica's market are shipped from Colombia. \nSome fruits sold in New Haven are shipped from Mexico.\nNo fruits shipped from Colombia are sold at the local farmers market in New Haven. \nAvocados are a kind of fruit sold at the local farmers market in New Haven or at Nica's market. \nAvocados are either shipped from Colombia and sold in New Haven, or neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If avocados are not both sold at the local farmers market in New Haven and shipped from Columbia, then they are neither sold at the local farmers market in New Haven nor in New Haven generally.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 412, + "example_id": 1158, + "original_premises": "All fruits sold at Nica's market are shipped from Colombia. \nSome fruits sold in New Haven are shipped from Mexico.\nNo fruits shipped from Colombia are sold at the local farmers market in New Haven. \nAvocados are a kind of fruit sold at the local farmers market in New Haven or at Nica's market. \nAvocados are either shipped from Colombia and sold in New Haven, or neither.", + "original_conclusion": "If avocados are not both sold at the local farmers market in New Haven and shipped from Columbia, then they are neither sold at the local farmers market in New Haven nor in New Haven generally." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1179", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome monitors equipped in the library are produced by AOC. \nAll monitors equipped in the library are cheaper than 800 dollars. \nAll monitors cheaper than 800 dollars are with a resolution lower than 1080p. \nIf a monitor has a resolution lower than 1080p, then it does not support the type-c port. \nA-2017 supports the type-c port. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A-2017 is produced by AOC and equipped in the library.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 418, + "example_id": 1179, + "original_premises": "Some monitors equipped in the library are produced by AOC. \nAll monitors equipped in the library are cheaper than 800 dollars. \nAll monitors cheaper than 800 dollars are with a resolution lower than 1080p. \nIf a monitor has a resolution lower than 1080p, then it does not support the type-c port. \nA-2017 supports the type-c port. ", + "original_conclusion": "A-2017 is produced by AOC and equipped in the library." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1180", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome monitors equipped in the library are produced by AOC. \nAll monitors equipped in the library are cheaper than 800 dollars. \nAll monitors cheaper than 800 dollars are with a resolution lower than 1080p. \nIf a monitor has a resolution lower than 1080p, then it does not support the type-c port. \nA-2017 supports the type-c port. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If either A-2017 is both with a resolution of 1080p and produced by AOC or it is neither, then it is not equipped in the library.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 418, + "example_id": 1180, + "original_premises": "Some monitors equipped in the library are produced by AOC. \nAll monitors equipped in the library are cheaper than 800 dollars. \nAll monitors cheaper than 800 dollars are with a resolution lower than 1080p. \nIf a monitor has a resolution lower than 1080p, then it does not support the type-c port. \nA-2017 supports the type-c port. ", + "original_conclusion": "If either A-2017 is both with a resolution of 1080p and produced by AOC or it is neither, then it is not equipped in the library." + }, + { + "id": "folio_10", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nS\u016bduva Marijampol\u0117 holds the Lithuanian Super Cup.\nS\u016bduva Marijampol\u0117 is a soccer team.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Some soccer team holds the Lithuanian Super Cup.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 4, + "example_id": 10, + "original_premises": "S\u016bduva Marijampol\u0117 holds the Lithuanian Super Cup.\nS\u016bduva Marijampol\u0117 is a soccer team.", + "original_conclusion": "Some soccer team holds the Lithuanian Super Cup." + }, + { + "id": "folio_285", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAinderby Quernhow is a village and civil parish in the Hambleton District.\nHambleton District is in North Yorkshire.\nNorth Yorkshire is in England.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There is a village in England.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 94, + "example_id": 285, + "original_premises": "Ainderby Quernhow is a village and civil parish in the Hambleton District.\nHambleton District is in North Yorkshire.\nNorth Yorkshire is in England.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.", + "original_conclusion": "There is a village in England." + }, + { + "id": "folio_286", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAinderby Quernhow is a village and civil parish in the Hambleton District.\nHambleton District is in North Yorkshire.\nNorth Yorkshire is in England.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There is no civil parish in England.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 94, + "example_id": 286, + "original_premises": "Ainderby Quernhow is a village and civil parish in the Hambleton District.\nHambleton District is in North Yorkshire.\nNorth Yorkshire is in England.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.", + "original_conclusion": "There is no civil parish in England." + }, + { + "id": "folio_138", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDouglas Adams is an author who created the book collection called The Salmon of Doubt. \nThe Salmon of Doubt is about life experiences and technology.\nAll authors are writers.\nWriters create innovative ideas.\nSome books that contain innovative ideas are about technology.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Douglas Adams is a writer.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 48, + "example_id": 138, + "original_premises": "Douglas Adams is an author who created the book collection called The Salmon of Doubt. \nThe Salmon of Doubt is about life experiences and technology.\nAll authors are writers.\nWriters create innovative ideas.\nSome books that contain innovative ideas are about technology.", + "original_conclusion": "Douglas Adams is a writer." + }, + { + "id": "folio_139", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDouglas Adams is an author who created the book collection called The Salmon of Doubt. \nThe Salmon of Doubt is about life experiences and technology.\nAll authors are writers.\nWriters create innovative ideas.\nSome books that contain innovative ideas are about technology.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Douglas Adams created innovative ideas.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 48, + "example_id": 139, + "original_premises": "Douglas Adams is an author who created the book collection called The Salmon of Doubt. \nThe Salmon of Doubt is about life experiences and technology.\nAll authors are writers.\nWriters create innovative ideas.\nSome books that contain innovative ideas are about technology.", + "original_conclusion": "Douglas Adams created innovative ideas." + }, + { + "id": "folio_823", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Reformation produces fast fashion products.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 323, + "example_id": 823, + "original_premises": "No disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.", + "original_conclusion": "Reformation produces fast fashion products." + }, + { + "id": "folio_824", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Reformation does not produce fast fashion products.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 323, + "example_id": 824, + "original_premises": "No disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.", + "original_conclusion": "Reformation does not produce fast fashion products." + }, + { + "id": "folio_825", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Reformation does not produce fast fashion products or does not produce disposable products.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 323, + "example_id": 825, + "original_premises": "No disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.", + "original_conclusion": "Reformation does not produce fast fashion products or does not produce disposable products." + }, + { + "id": "folio_826", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Reformation produces disposable products, then Reformation produces fast fashion products.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 323, + "example_id": 826, + "original_premises": "No disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.", + "original_conclusion": "If Reformation produces disposable products, then Reformation produces fast fashion products." + }, + { + "id": "folio_827", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Reformation produces fast fashion products or helps slow down global warming, then Reformation produces fast fashion products.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 323, + "example_id": 827, + "original_premises": "No disposable products can help slow down global warming. \nAll eco-friendly brands can help slow down global warming. \nAll sustainable fashion brands are eco-friendly brands.\nAll fast fashion products are disposable products.\nIf Reformation is not helping slow down global warming, then Reformation is an eco-friendly brand or a sustainable fashion brand.", + "original_conclusion": "If Reformation produces fast fashion products or helps slow down global warming, then Reformation produces fast fashion products." + }, + { + "id": "folio_283", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRoy Richardson was a cricketer who played for Sint Maarten, a constituent country.\nRoy Richardson was a right-handed batsman and medium-pace bowler.\nRoy Richardson was old when he debuted in cricket.\nSherville Huggins dismissed Roy Richardson.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Sherville Huggins has never dismissed anyone playing cricket for a constituent country.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 93, + "example_id": 283, + "original_premises": "Roy Richardson was a cricketer who played for Sint Maarten, a constituent country.\nRoy Richardson was a right-handed batsman and medium-pace bowler.\nRoy Richardson was old when he debuted in cricket.\nSherville Huggins dismissed Roy Richardson.", + "original_conclusion": "Sherville Huggins has never dismissed anyone playing cricket for a constituent country." + }, + { + "id": "folio_284", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRoy Richardson was a cricketer who played for Sint Maarten, a constituent country.\nRoy Richardson was a right-handed batsman and medium-pace bowler.\nRoy Richardson was old when he debuted in cricket.\nSherville Huggins dismissed Roy Richardson.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No right-handed medium-pace bowlers were playing for Sint Maarten.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 93, + "example_id": 284, + "original_premises": "Roy Richardson was a cricketer who played for Sint Maarten, a constituent country.\nRoy Richardson was a right-handed batsman and medium-pace bowler.\nRoy Richardson was old when he debuted in cricket.\nSherville Huggins dismissed Roy Richardson.", + "original_conclusion": "No right-handed medium-pace bowlers were playing for Sint Maarten." + }, + { + "id": "folio_885", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo iPhones are standalone desktops. \nAll Apple-made cellphones are iPhones. \nAll phones with A15 Bionic chips are Apple-made cell phones. \nAll phones equipped with four core-GPU made by Apple are phones with A15 Bionic chips. \nIf an unannounced Huawei phone is either a phone with A15 Bionic chips or equipped with four core-GPU made by Apple, then unannounced Huawei phone is neither a phone with A15 Bionic chips nor a standalone desktop.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Joe is a PhD student.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 338, + "example_id": 885, + "original_premises": "No iPhones are standalone desktops. \nAll Apple-made cellphones are iPhones. \nAll phones with A15 Bionic chips are Apple-made cell phones. \nAll phones equipped with four core-GPU made by Apple are phones with A15 Bionic chips. \nIf an unannounced Huawei phone is either a phone with A15 Bionic chips or equipped with four core-GPU made by Apple, then unannounced Huawei phone is neither a phone with A15 Bionic chips nor a standalone desktop.", + "original_conclusion": "Joe is a PhD student." + }, + { + "id": "folio_886", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo iPhones are standalone desktops. \nAll Apple-made cellphones are iPhones. \nAll phones with A15 Bionic chips are Apple-made cell phones. \nAll phones equipped with four core-GPU made by Apple are phones with A15 Bionic chips. \nIf an unannounced Huawei phone is either a phone with A15 Bionic chips or equipped with four core-GPU made by Apple, then unannounced Huawei phone is neither a phone with A15 Bionic chips nor a standalone desktop.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Joe is not a PhD student.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 338, + "example_id": 886, + "original_premises": "No iPhones are standalone desktops. \nAll Apple-made cellphones are iPhones. \nAll phones with A15 Bionic chips are Apple-made cell phones. \nAll phones equipped with four core-GPU made by Apple are phones with A15 Bionic chips. \nIf an unannounced Huawei phone is either a phone with A15 Bionic chips or equipped with four core-GPU made by Apple, then unannounced Huawei phone is neither a phone with A15 Bionic chips nor a standalone desktop.", + "original_conclusion": "Joe is not a PhD student." + }, + { + "id": "folio_92", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nHugh Vanstone is one of the world's leading lighting designers. \nHugh Vanstone is from the UK.\nHugh Vanstone has lit more than 160 productions.\nHugh Vanstone attended a school where he is from. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Hugh Vanstone is one of the world's leading lighting designers and is from the UK.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 32, + "example_id": 92, + "original_premises": "Hugh Vanstone is one of the world's leading lighting designers. \nHugh Vanstone is from the UK.\nHugh Vanstone has lit more than 160 productions.\nHugh Vanstone attended a school where he is from. ", + "original_conclusion": "Hugh Vanstone is one of the world's leading lighting designers and is from the UK." + }, + { + "id": "folio_379", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDonald Ervin Knuth is an American computer scientist, mathematician, and Professor Emeritus at Stanford University.\nKnuth has been called the \"father of the analysis of algorithms.\"\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: An American scientist has been called the \"father of the analysis of algorithms\".", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 128, + "example_id": 379, + "original_premises": "Donald Ervin Knuth is an American computer scientist, mathematician, and Professor Emeritus at Stanford University.\nKnuth has been called the \"father of the analysis of algorithms.\"", + "original_conclusion": "An American scientist has been called the \"father of the analysis of algorithms\"." + }, + { + "id": "folio_380", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDonald Ervin Knuth is an American computer scientist, mathematician, and Professor Emeritus at Stanford University.\nKnuth has been called the \"father of the analysis of algorithms.\"\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A mathematician has been called the \"father of the analysis of algorithms\".", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 128, + "example_id": 380, + "original_premises": "Donald Ervin Knuth is an American computer scientist, mathematician, and Professor Emeritus at Stanford University.\nKnuth has been called the \"father of the analysis of algorithms.\"", + "original_conclusion": "A mathematician has been called the \"father of the analysis of algorithms\"." + }, + { + "id": "folio_362", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNeocrepidodera Corpulentas are flea beetles or moths, or both.\nNeocrepidodera Corpulentas are in the Chrysomelidae family.\nThere are no moths within the Chrysomelidae family.\nThere is a Neocrepidodera Corpulenta. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There is a flea beetle within the Chrysomelidae family.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 121, + "example_id": 362, + "original_premises": "Neocrepidodera Corpulentas are flea beetles or moths, or both.\nNeocrepidodera Corpulentas are in the Chrysomelidae family.\nThere are no moths within the Chrysomelidae family.\nThere is a Neocrepidodera Corpulenta. ", + "original_conclusion": "There is a flea beetle within the Chrysomelidae family." + }, + { + "id": "folio_363", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNeocrepidodera Corpulentas are flea beetles or moths, or both.\nNeocrepidodera Corpulentas are in the Chrysomelidae family.\nThere are no moths within the Chrysomelidae family.\nThere is a Neocrepidodera Corpulenta. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There are no flea beetles within the Chrysomelidae family.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 121, + "example_id": 363, + "original_premises": "Neocrepidodera Corpulentas are flea beetles or moths, or both.\nNeocrepidodera Corpulentas are in the Chrysomelidae family.\nThere are no moths within the Chrysomelidae family.\nThere is a Neocrepidodera Corpulenta. ", + "original_conclusion": "There are no flea beetles within the Chrysomelidae family." + }, + { + "id": "folio_642", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nCarrozzeria Colli is a Milanese coachbuilder company established by Giuseppe Colli in 1931.\nCarrozzeria Colli is a company that specializes in using aluminum.\nThe first automobiles built by Carrozzeria Colli were racing cars.\nSome racing cars built by Carrozzeria Colli used Fiat 1100 mechanicals and chassis.\nCarrozzeria Colli worked for airforces.\nCarrozzeria Colli made car bodies. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Giuseppe Colli established a company that made car bodies.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 227, + "example_id": 642, + "original_premises": "Carrozzeria Colli is a Milanese coachbuilder company established by Giuseppe Colli in 1931.\nCarrozzeria Colli is a company that specializes in using aluminum.\nThe first automobiles built by Carrozzeria Colli were racing cars.\nSome racing cars built by Carrozzeria Colli used Fiat 1100 mechanicals and chassis.\nCarrozzeria Colli worked for airforces.\nCarrozzeria Colli made car bodies. ", + "original_conclusion": "Giuseppe Colli established a company that made car bodies." + }, + { + "id": "folio_643", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nCarrozzeria Colli is a Milanese coachbuilder company established by Giuseppe Colli in 1931.\nCarrozzeria Colli is a company that specializes in using aluminum.\nThe first automobiles built by Carrozzeria Colli were racing cars.\nSome racing cars built by Carrozzeria Colli used Fiat 1100 mechanicals and chassis.\nCarrozzeria Colli worked for airforces.\nCarrozzeria Colli made car bodies. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Giuseppe Colli established a Milanese coachbuilder company that specialized in using aluminum.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 227, + "example_id": 643, + "original_premises": "Carrozzeria Colli is a Milanese coachbuilder company established by Giuseppe Colli in 1931.\nCarrozzeria Colli is a company that specializes in using aluminum.\nThe first automobiles built by Carrozzeria Colli were racing cars.\nSome racing cars built by Carrozzeria Colli used Fiat 1100 mechanicals and chassis.\nCarrozzeria Colli worked for airforces.\nCarrozzeria Colli made car bodies. ", + "original_conclusion": "Giuseppe Colli established a Milanese coachbuilder company that specialized in using aluminum." + }, + { + "id": "folio_248", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nQuiksilver sells sportswear, clothing, footwear, and accessories.\nFlannels are a type of clothing.\nJoe owns an item from Quiksilver.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Joe owns at least one piece of sportswear, clothing, footwear, or accessory", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 81, + "example_id": 248, + "original_premises": "Quiksilver sells sportswear, clothing, footwear, and accessories.\nFlannels are a type of clothing.\nJoe owns an item from Quiksilver.", + "original_conclusion": "Joe owns at least one piece of sportswear, clothing, footwear, or accessory" + }, + { + "id": "folio_761", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo video games released by Nintendo support the PS4 platform.\nAll video games in the Pokemon series are released by Nintendo. \nAll video games in the FIFA series support the PS4 platform. \nAll video games that allow users to simulate playing online soccer using licensed players are in the FIFA series.\nThe video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is in the Pokemon series, or it allows users to simulate playing online soccer games using licensed players.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d either is in the FIFA series and supports the PS4 platform, or it neither is in the FIFA series nor supports the PS4 platform.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 308, + "example_id": 761, + "original_premises": "No video games released by Nintendo support the PS4 platform.\nAll video games in the Pokemon series are released by Nintendo. \nAll video games in the FIFA series support the PS4 platform. \nAll video games that allow users to simulate playing online soccer using licensed players are in the FIFA series.\nThe video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is in the Pokemon series, or it allows users to simulate playing online soccer games using licensed players.", + "original_conclusion": "The video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d either is in the FIFA series and supports the PS4 platform, or it neither is in the FIFA series nor supports the PS4 platform." + }, + { + "id": "folio_762", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo video games released by Nintendo support the PS4 platform.\nAll video games in the Pokemon series are released by Nintendo. \nAll video games in the FIFA series support the PS4 platform. \nAll video games that allow users to simulate playing online soccer using licensed players are in the FIFA series.\nThe video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is in the Pokemon series, or it allows users to simulate playing online soccer games using licensed players.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is either in the FIFA series or supports the PS4 platform.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 308, + "example_id": 762, + "original_premises": "No video games released by Nintendo support the PS4 platform.\nAll video games in the Pokemon series are released by Nintendo. \nAll video games in the FIFA series support the PS4 platform. \nAll video games that allow users to simulate playing online soccer using licensed players are in the FIFA series.\nThe video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is in the Pokemon series, or it allows users to simulate playing online soccer games using licensed players.", + "original_conclusion": "The video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is either in the FIFA series or supports the PS4 platform." + }, + { + "id": "folio_763", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo video games released by Nintendo support the PS4 platform.\nAll video games in the Pokemon series are released by Nintendo. \nAll video games in the FIFA series support the PS4 platform. \nAll video games that allow users to simulate playing online soccer using licensed players are in the FIFA series.\nThe video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is in the Pokemon series, or it allows users to simulate playing online soccer games using licensed players.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is not in the FIFA or Pokemon series.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 308, + "example_id": 763, + "original_premises": "No video games released by Nintendo support the PS4 platform.\nAll video games in the Pokemon series are released by Nintendo. \nAll video games in the FIFA series support the PS4 platform. \nAll video games that allow users to simulate playing online soccer using licensed players are in the FIFA series.\nThe video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is in the Pokemon series, or it allows users to simulate playing online soccer games using licensed players.", + "original_conclusion": "The video game named \u201cBe Lionel\u201d is not in the FIFA or Pokemon series." + }, + { + "id": "folio_774", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo payment cards issued by Russian banks can be used with ApplePay.\nAll MIR payment cards are issued by Russian banks.\nSome international payment cards can be used with ApplePay.\nSocial payments in Russia can only be transferred to MIR payment cards.\nBank of America payment cards can be used with ApplePay.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Bank of America payment cards are international and can be used to transfer social payments in Russia.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 311, + "example_id": 774, + "original_premises": "No payment cards issued by Russian banks can be used with ApplePay.\nAll MIR payment cards are issued by Russian banks.\nSome international payment cards can be used with ApplePay.\nSocial payments in Russia can only be transferred to MIR payment cards.\nBank of America payment cards can be used with ApplePay.", + "original_conclusion": "Bank of America payment cards are international and can be used to transfer social payments in Russia." + }, + { + "id": "folio_775", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo payment cards issued by Russian banks can be used with ApplePay.\nAll MIR payment cards are issued by Russian banks.\nSome international payment cards can be used with ApplePay.\nSocial payments in Russia can only be transferred to MIR payment cards.\nBank of America payment cards can be used with ApplePay.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Bank of America payment cards are international and can be used to transfer social payments in Russia, then they are international.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 311, + "example_id": 775, + "original_premises": "No payment cards issued by Russian banks can be used with ApplePay.\nAll MIR payment cards are issued by Russian banks.\nSome international payment cards can be used with ApplePay.\nSocial payments in Russia can only be transferred to MIR payment cards.\nBank of America payment cards can be used with ApplePay.", + "original_conclusion": "If Bank of America payment cards are international and can be used to transfer social payments in Russia, then they are international." + }, + { + "id": "folio_151", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Lumina APV is produced by Chevrolet. \nThe Astro is a van produced by Chevrolet. \nVehicles produced by Chevrolet in this batch are either cars or vans.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Lumina APV is either a car or a van.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 52, + "example_id": 151, + "original_premises": "The Lumina APV is produced by Chevrolet. \nThe Astro is a van produced by Chevrolet. \nVehicles produced by Chevrolet in this batch are either cars or vans.", + "original_conclusion": "The Lumina APV is either a car or a van." + }, + { + "id": "folio_152", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Lumina APV is produced by Chevrolet. \nThe Astro is a van produced by Chevrolet. \nVehicles produced by Chevrolet in this batch are either cars or vans.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Astro is a van.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 52, + "example_id": 152, + "original_premises": "The Lumina APV is produced by Chevrolet. \nThe Astro is a van produced by Chevrolet. \nVehicles produced by Chevrolet in this batch are either cars or vans.", + "original_conclusion": "The Astro is a van." + }, + { + "id": "folio_153", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Lumina APV is produced by Chevrolet. \nThe Astro is a van produced by Chevrolet. \nVehicles produced by Chevrolet in this batch are either cars or vans.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Astro is a car.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 52, + "example_id": 153, + "original_premises": "The Lumina APV is produced by Chevrolet. \nThe Astro is a van produced by Chevrolet. \nVehicles produced by Chevrolet in this batch are either cars or vans.", + "original_conclusion": "The Astro is a car." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1124", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone who works in the office is a commuter. \nPeople either work in the office or work from home.\nEveryone who works from home has a relaxed schedule.\nGeorge is either a commuter or has a home office setup. \nIf George is either a person who works from home or has a home office setup, then George is a commuter and is not a person who works from home.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If George is not a person who works from home and a person who works in the office, then George is neither a commuter nor a person who has a relaxed schedule.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 405, + "example_id": 1124, + "original_premises": "Everyone who works in the office is a commuter. \nPeople either work in the office or work from home.\nEveryone who works from home has a relaxed schedule.\nGeorge is either a commuter or has a home office setup. \nIf George is either a person who works from home or has a home office setup, then George is a commuter and is not a person who works from home.", + "original_conclusion": "If George is not a person who works from home and a person who works in the office, then George is neither a commuter nor a person who has a relaxed schedule." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1125", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone who works in the office is a commuter. \nPeople either work in the office or work from home.\nEveryone who works from home has a relaxed schedule.\nGeorge is either a commuter or has a home office setup. \nIf George is either a person who works from home or has a home office setup, then George is a commuter and is not a person who works from home.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If George is either a person who has a home office setup and a person who works in the office, or neither a person who has a home office setup nor a person who works in the office, then George is either a person who works from home or a person who has a relaxed schedule.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 405, + "example_id": 1125, + "original_premises": "Everyone who works in the office is a commuter. \nPeople either work in the office or work from home.\nEveryone who works from home has a relaxed schedule.\nGeorge is either a commuter or has a home office setup. \nIf George is either a person who works from home or has a home office setup, then George is a commuter and is not a person who works from home.", + "original_conclusion": "If George is either a person who has a home office setup and a person who works in the office, or neither a person who has a home office setup nor a person who works in the office, then George is either a person who works from home or a person who has a relaxed schedule." + }, + { + "id": "folio_81", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nJason Kramer is an American music supervisor.\nSome American radio personalities are also music supervisors. \nAnyone who hosts a show on a public radio station is a radio personality.\nJoe Rogan is a radio personality.\nJason Kramer hosted a show on a public radio station.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jason Kramer is a music supervisor.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 28, + "example_id": 81, + "original_premises": "Jason Kramer is an American music supervisor.\nSome American radio personalities are also music supervisors. \nAnyone who hosts a show on a public radio station is a radio personality.\nJoe Rogan is a radio personality.\nJason Kramer hosted a show on a public radio station.", + "original_conclusion": "Jason Kramer is a music supervisor." + }, + { + "id": "folio_82", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nJason Kramer is an American music supervisor.\nSome American radio personalities are also music supervisors. \nAnyone who hosts a show on a public radio station is a radio personality.\nJoe Rogan is a radio personality.\nJason Kramer hosted a show on a public radio station.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jason Kramer is a radio personality.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 28, + "example_id": 82, + "original_premises": "Jason Kramer is an American music supervisor.\nSome American radio personalities are also music supervisors. \nAnyone who hosts a show on a public radio station is a radio personality.\nJoe Rogan is a radio personality.\nJason Kramer hosted a show on a public radio station.", + "original_conclusion": "Jason Kramer is a radio personality." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1225", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nHerm\u00e8s bags are not made in Italy.\nAll Birkin bags are Herm\u00e8s bags. \nAll Ferraris are made in Italy. \nAll cars that carry a Ferrari V12 engine are Ferraris. \nAll cars that are made in Maranello carry a Ferrari V12 engine.\nA Lamborghini SUV is not both a Ferrari and made in Maranello. \nA Kelly bag is a Herm\u00e8s bag, or it is a car that carries a Ferrari V12 engine. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A Kelly bag is a Birkin bag made in Maranello.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 430, + "example_id": 1225, + "original_premises": "Herm\u00e8s bags are not made in Italy.\nAll Birkin bags are Herm\u00e8s bags. \nAll Ferraris are made in Italy. \nAll cars that carry a Ferrari V12 engine are Ferraris. \nAll cars that are made in Maranello carry a Ferrari V12 engine.\nA Lamborghini SUV is not both a Ferrari and made in Maranello. \nA Kelly bag is a Herm\u00e8s bag, or it is a car that carries a Ferrari V12 engine. ", + "original_conclusion": "A Kelly bag is a Birkin bag made in Maranello." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1226", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nHerm\u00e8s bags are not made in Italy.\nAll Birkin bags are Herm\u00e8s bags. \nAll Ferraris are made in Italy. \nAll cars that carry a Ferrari V12 engine are Ferraris. \nAll cars that are made in Maranello carry a Ferrari V12 engine.\nA Lamborghini SUV is not both a Ferrari and made in Maranello. \nA Kelly bag is a Herm\u00e8s bag, or it is a car that carries a Ferrari V12 engine. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A Kelly bag is not both made in Maranello and a Birkin bag.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 430, + "example_id": 1226, + "original_premises": "Herm\u00e8s bags are not made in Italy.\nAll Birkin bags are Herm\u00e8s bags. \nAll Ferraris are made in Italy. \nAll cars that carry a Ferrari V12 engine are Ferraris. \nAll cars that are made in Maranello carry a Ferrari V12 engine.\nA Lamborghini SUV is not both a Ferrari and made in Maranello. \nA Kelly bag is a Herm\u00e8s bag, or it is a car that carries a Ferrari V12 engine. ", + "original_conclusion": "A Kelly bag is not both made in Maranello and a Birkin bag." + }, + { + "id": "folio_597", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf someone lives in a place named Galicia, then they live in either Spain or Poland.\nSpain is in Europe.\nPoland is in Europe.\nRochelle lives in Europe.\nDominique does not live in Europe.\nAlfonso lives in a place named Galicia.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Dominique does not live in Spain.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 209, + "example_id": 597, + "original_premises": "If someone lives in a place named Galicia, then they live in either Spain or Poland.\nSpain is in Europe.\nPoland is in Europe.\nRochelle lives in Europe.\nDominique does not live in Europe.\nAlfonso lives in a place named Galicia.", + "original_conclusion": "Dominique does not live in Spain." + }, + { + "id": "folio_598", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf someone lives in a place named Galicia, then they live in either Spain or Poland.\nSpain is in Europe.\nPoland is in Europe.\nRochelle lives in Europe.\nDominique does not live in Europe.\nAlfonso lives in a place named Galicia.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Alfonso lives in Europe.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 209, + "example_id": 598, + "original_premises": "If someone lives in a place named Galicia, then they live in either Spain or Poland.\nSpain is in Europe.\nPoland is in Europe.\nRochelle lives in Europe.\nDominique does not live in Europe.\nAlfonso lives in a place named Galicia.", + "original_conclusion": "Alfonso lives in Europe." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1167", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll books written by Neil Gaiman have sold more than one thousand copies.\nSome books that have won Hugo Awards are written by Neil Gaiman.\nTomas has read all books written by Tolkien. \nEither Tomas has read Hamlet, or it has sold more than one thousand copies.\nHamlet has either sold more than one thousand copies or it is written by Neil Gaiman.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Hamlet has won a Hugo Award and is written by Tolkien.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 415, + "example_id": 1167, + "original_premises": "All books written by Neil Gaiman have sold more than one thousand copies.\nSome books that have won Hugo Awards are written by Neil Gaiman.\nTomas has read all books written by Tolkien. \nEither Tomas has read Hamlet, or it has sold more than one thousand copies.\nHamlet has either sold more than one thousand copies or it is written by Neil Gaiman.", + "original_conclusion": "Hamlet has won a Hugo Award and is written by Tolkien." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1168", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll books written by Neil Gaiman have sold more than one thousand copies.\nSome books that have won Hugo Awards are written by Neil Gaiman.\nTomas has read all books written by Tolkien. \nEither Tomas has read Hamlet, or it has sold more than one thousand copies.\nHamlet has either sold more than one thousand copies or it is written by Neil Gaiman.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Hamlet has either won a Hugo Award and is written by Tolkien, or neither has won a Hugo Award nor is written by Tolkien, then Hamlet has neither won a Hugo Award nor is written by Neil Gaiman.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 415, + "example_id": 1168, + "original_premises": "All books written by Neil Gaiman have sold more than one thousand copies.\nSome books that have won Hugo Awards are written by Neil Gaiman.\nTomas has read all books written by Tolkien. \nEither Tomas has read Hamlet, or it has sold more than one thousand copies.\nHamlet has either sold more than one thousand copies or it is written by Neil Gaiman.", + "original_conclusion": "If Hamlet has either won a Hugo Award and is written by Tolkien, or neither has won a Hugo Award nor is written by Tolkien, then Hamlet has neither won a Hugo Award nor is written by Neil Gaiman." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1395", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nGrass is not food\nAll meadows are grass.\nAll edible things are food. \nAll fruits are edible.\nAll lemons are fruit.\nGrapes are not both edible and lemons.\nBananas are grasses or fruits. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Bananas are both lemons and meadows.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 479, + "example_id": 1395, + "original_premises": "Grass is not food\nAll meadows are grass.\nAll edible things are food. \nAll fruits are edible.\nAll lemons are fruit.\nGrapes are not both edible and lemons.\nBananas are grasses or fruits. ", + "original_conclusion": "Bananas are both lemons and meadows." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1396", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nGrass is not food\nAll meadows are grass.\nAll edible things are food. \nAll fruits are edible.\nAll lemons are fruit.\nGrapes are not both edible and lemons.\nBananas are grasses or fruits. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Bananas are not both a lemon and a meadow.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 479, + "example_id": 1396, + "original_premises": "Grass is not food\nAll meadows are grass.\nAll edible things are food. \nAll fruits are edible.\nAll lemons are fruit.\nGrapes are not both edible and lemons.\nBananas are grasses or fruits. ", + "original_conclusion": "Bananas are not both a lemon and a meadow." + }, + { + "id": "folio_61", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Golden State Warriors are a team from San Francisco.\nThe Golden State Warriors won the NBA finals.\nAll teams attending the NBA finals have won many games.\nBoston Celtics are a team that lost the NBA finals.\nIf a team wins the NBA finals, then they will have more income.\nIf a team wins or loses at the NBA finals, then they are attending the finals.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Boston Celtics have more than 30 years of experience.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 21, + "example_id": 61, + "original_premises": "The Golden State Warriors are a team from San Francisco.\nThe Golden State Warriors won the NBA finals.\nAll teams attending the NBA finals have won many games.\nBoston Celtics are a team that lost the NBA finals.\nIf a team wins the NBA finals, then they will have more income.\nIf a team wins or loses at the NBA finals, then they are attending the finals.", + "original_conclusion": "The Boston Celtics have more than 30 years of experience." + }, + { + "id": "folio_62", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Golden State Warriors are a team from San Francisco.\nThe Golden State Warriors won the NBA finals.\nAll teams attending the NBA finals have won many games.\nBoston Celtics are a team that lost the NBA finals.\nIf a team wins the NBA finals, then they will have more income.\nIf a team wins or loses at the NBA finals, then they are attending the finals.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Golden State Warriors will have more income from gate receipts.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 21, + "example_id": 62, + "original_premises": "The Golden State Warriors are a team from San Francisco.\nThe Golden State Warriors won the NBA finals.\nAll teams attending the NBA finals have won many games.\nBoston Celtics are a team that lost the NBA finals.\nIf a team wins the NBA finals, then they will have more income.\nIf a team wins or loses at the NBA finals, then they are attending the finals.", + "original_conclusion": "The Golden State Warriors will have more income from gate receipts." + }, + { + "id": "folio_620", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nMaya would only play the violin if her fingers could never be injured. \nVolleyball players can injure their ankles, fingers, or shoulder.\nMaya is a volleyball player.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Maya will not play the violin.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 218, + "example_id": 620, + "original_premises": "Maya would only play the violin if her fingers could never be injured. \nVolleyball players can injure their ankles, fingers, or shoulder.\nMaya is a volleyball player.", + "original_conclusion": "Maya will not play the violin." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1215", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices with the company logo belong to the company. \nEach device either has the company logo or belongs to employees. \nAll of the devices belonging to employees can be connected to the company's wifi. \nAll of the devices connected to Google Home are controlled by managers. \nAll of the devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nAll of the devices that are easy to operate were produced after a new CTO is appointed. \nModelXX was not produced after a new CTO was appointed.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: ModelXX is controlled by managers.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 428, + "example_id": 1215, + "original_premises": "All devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices with the company logo belong to the company. \nEach device either has the company logo or belongs to employees. \nAll of the devices belonging to employees can be connected to the company's wifi. \nAll of the devices connected to Google Home are controlled by managers. \nAll of the devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nAll of the devices that are easy to operate were produced after a new CTO is appointed. \nModelXX was not produced after a new CTO was appointed.", + "original_conclusion": "ModelXX is controlled by managers." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1216", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices with the company logo belong to the company. \nEach device either has the company logo or belongs to employees. \nAll of the devices belonging to employees can be connected to the company's wifi. \nAll of the devices connected to Google Home are controlled by managers. \nAll of the devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nAll of the devices that are easy to operate were produced after a new CTO is appointed. \nModelXX was not produced after a new CTO was appointed.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: ModelXX is either produced after a new CTO was appointed or it is controlled by managers.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 428, + "example_id": 1216, + "original_premises": "All devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices with the company logo belong to the company. \nEach device either has the company logo or belongs to employees. \nAll of the devices belonging to employees can be connected to the company's wifi. \nAll of the devices connected to Google Home are controlled by managers. \nAll of the devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nAll of the devices that are easy to operate were produced after a new CTO is appointed. \nModelXX was not produced after a new CTO was appointed.", + "original_conclusion": "ModelXX is either produced after a new CTO was appointed or it is controlled by managers." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1217", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices with the company logo belong to the company. \nEach device either has the company logo or belongs to employees. \nAll of the devices belonging to employees can be connected to the company's wifi. \nAll of the devices connected to Google Home are controlled by managers. \nAll of the devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nAll of the devices that are easy to operate were produced after a new CTO is appointed. \nModelXX was not produced after a new CTO was appointed.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: ModelXX is not with the company logo, and managers do not control it.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 428, + "example_id": 1217, + "original_premises": "All devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices with the company logo belong to the company. \nEach device either has the company logo or belongs to employees. \nAll of the devices belonging to employees can be connected to the company's wifi. \nAll of the devices connected to Google Home are controlled by managers. \nAll of the devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nAll of the devices that are easy to operate were produced after a new CTO is appointed. \nModelXX was not produced after a new CTO was appointed.", + "original_conclusion": "ModelXX is not with the company logo, and managers do not control it." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1218", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices with the company logo belong to the company. \nEach device either has the company logo or belongs to employees. \nAll of the devices belonging to employees can be connected to the company's wifi. \nAll of the devices connected to Google Home are controlled by managers. \nAll of the devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nAll of the devices that are easy to operate were produced after a new CTO is appointed. \nModelXX was not produced after a new CTO was appointed.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: ModelXX is either with the company logo or controlled by managers.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 428, + "example_id": 1218, + "original_premises": "All devices belonging to the company are connected to Google Home. \nAll devices with the company logo belong to the company. \nEach device either has the company logo or belongs to employees. \nAll of the devices belonging to employees can be connected to the company's wifi. \nAll of the devices connected to Google Home are controlled by managers. \nAll of the devices that connect to the company's wifi are easy to operate. \nAll of the devices that are easy to operate were produced after a new CTO is appointed. \nModelXX was not produced after a new CTO was appointed.", + "original_conclusion": "ModelXX is either with the company logo or controlled by managers." + }, + { + "id": "folio_916", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll mammals are living beings.\nAll elephants are mammals.\nAll baby elephants are elephants.\nSome baby elephants are sleepy.\nIf Jumbo is a living being, then Jumbo is not both an elephant and a mammal.\nIf Jumbo is sleepy, then Jumbo is either a baby elephant or a mammal.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jumbo is sleepy.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 347, + "example_id": 916, + "original_premises": "All mammals are living beings.\nAll elephants are mammals.\nAll baby elephants are elephants.\nSome baby elephants are sleepy.\nIf Jumbo is a living being, then Jumbo is not both an elephant and a mammal.\nIf Jumbo is sleepy, then Jumbo is either a baby elephant or a mammal.", + "original_conclusion": "Jumbo is sleepy." + }, + { + "id": "folio_917", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll mammals are living beings.\nAll elephants are mammals.\nAll baby elephants are elephants.\nSome baby elephants are sleepy.\nIf Jumbo is a living being, then Jumbo is not both an elephant and a mammal.\nIf Jumbo is sleepy, then Jumbo is either a baby elephant or a mammal.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jumbo is not sleepy.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 347, + "example_id": 917, + "original_premises": "All mammals are living beings.\nAll elephants are mammals.\nAll baby elephants are elephants.\nSome baby elephants are sleepy.\nIf Jumbo is a living being, then Jumbo is not both an elephant and a mammal.\nIf Jumbo is sleepy, then Jumbo is either a baby elephant or a mammal.", + "original_conclusion": "Jumbo is not sleepy." + }, + { + "id": "folio_919", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll mammals are living beings.\nAll elephants are mammals.\nAll baby elephants are elephants.\nSome baby elephants are sleepy.\nIf Jumbo is a living being, then Jumbo is not both an elephant and a mammal.\nIf Jumbo is sleepy, then Jumbo is either a baby elephant or a mammal.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jumbo is neither sleepy nor a baby elephant.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 347, + "example_id": 919, + "original_premises": "All mammals are living beings.\nAll elephants are mammals.\nAll baby elephants are elephants.\nSome baby elephants are sleepy.\nIf Jumbo is a living being, then Jumbo is not both an elephant and a mammal.\nIf Jumbo is sleepy, then Jumbo is either a baby elephant or a mammal.", + "original_conclusion": "Jumbo is neither sleepy nor a baby elephant." + }, + { + "id": "folio_920", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll mammals are living beings.\nAll elephants are mammals.\nAll baby elephants are elephants.\nSome baby elephants are sleepy.\nIf Jumbo is a living being, then Jumbo is not both an elephant and a mammal.\nIf Jumbo is sleepy, then Jumbo is either a baby elephant or a mammal.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jumbo is not sleepy or an elephant.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 347, + "example_id": 920, + "original_premises": "All mammals are living beings.\nAll elephants are mammals.\nAll baby elephants are elephants.\nSome baby elephants are sleepy.\nIf Jumbo is a living being, then Jumbo is not both an elephant and a mammal.\nIf Jumbo is sleepy, then Jumbo is either a baby elephant or a mammal.", + "original_conclusion": "Jumbo is not sleepy or an elephant." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1287", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo planet in the solar system relies on nuclear fusion to generate light.\nAll stars in the solar system rely on nuclear fusion to generate light. \nAll celestial bodies in the solar systems that have greater than 0.08 solar masses are stars. \nIf a celestial body in the solar system has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity, then it is a planet.\nIf Europa is a celestial body in the solar system that has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity or relies on nuclear fusion to generate light, then Europa is a celestial body in the solar system. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Europa is a celestial body in one of the solar systems that have greater than 0.08 solar masses.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 447, + "example_id": 1287, + "original_premises": "No planet in the solar system relies on nuclear fusion to generate light.\nAll stars in the solar system rely on nuclear fusion to generate light. \nAll celestial bodies in the solar systems that have greater than 0.08 solar masses are stars. \nIf a celestial body in the solar system has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity, then it is a planet.\nIf Europa is a celestial body in the solar system that has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity or relies on nuclear fusion to generate light, then Europa is a celestial body in the solar system. ", + "original_conclusion": "Europa is a celestial body in one of the solar systems that have greater than 0.08 solar masses." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1288", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo planet in the solar system relies on nuclear fusion to generate light.\nAll stars in the solar system rely on nuclear fusion to generate light. \nAll celestial bodies in the solar systems that have greater than 0.08 solar masses are stars. \nIf a celestial body in the solar system has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity, then it is a planet.\nIf Europa is a celestial body in the solar system that has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity or relies on nuclear fusion to generate light, then Europa is a celestial body in the solar system. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Europa is not a celestial body in one of the solar systems that have greater than 0.08 solar masses.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 447, + "example_id": 1288, + "original_premises": "No planet in the solar system relies on nuclear fusion to generate light.\nAll stars in the solar system rely on nuclear fusion to generate light. \nAll celestial bodies in the solar systems that have greater than 0.08 solar masses are stars. \nIf a celestial body in the solar system has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity, then it is a planet.\nIf Europa is a celestial body in the solar system that has cleared its orbit of other debris and has a nearly spherical shape due to its own gravity or relies on nuclear fusion to generate light, then Europa is a celestial body in the solar system. ", + "original_conclusion": "Europa is not a celestial body in one of the solar systems that have greater than 0.08 solar masses." + }, + { + "id": "folio_936", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf Max listens to music, he either listens to classical music or rap.\nAll the classical songs that Max listens to are from the 12th century. \nIf Max is listening to a rap song, then the song is by Kanye West. \nAll songs by Kanye West are full of lyrics. \nAll songs that are full of lyrics need to be written with words\nIt is not true that \u201cAs it was\u201d by Harry Styles is classical music that Max listens to and is from the 12th century.\nMax listens to \"As it was\" by Harry Styles.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: \u201cAs it was\u201d by Harry Styles needs to be written with words.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 353, + "example_id": 936, + "original_premises": "If Max listens to music, he either listens to classical music or rap.\nAll the classical songs that Max listens to are from the 12th century. \nIf Max is listening to a rap song, then the song is by Kanye West. \nAll songs by Kanye West are full of lyrics. \nAll songs that are full of lyrics need to be written with words\nIt is not true that \u201cAs it was\u201d by Harry Styles is classical music that Max listens to and is from the 12th century.\nMax listens to \"As it was\" by Harry Styles.", + "original_conclusion": "\u201cAs it was\u201d by Harry Styles needs to be written with words." + }, + { + "id": "folio_938", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf Max listens to music, he either listens to classical music or rap.\nAll the classical songs that Max listens to are from the 12th century. \nIf Max is listening to a rap song, then the song is by Kanye West. \nAll songs by Kanye West are full of lyrics. \nAll songs that are full of lyrics need to be written with words\nIt is not true that \u201cAs it was\u201d by Harry Styles is classical music that Max listens to and is from the 12th century.\nMax listens to \"As it was\" by Harry Styles.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: \"As it was\u201d by Harry Styles is not both a song from Kanye West and needed to be written with words.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 353, + "example_id": 938, + "original_premises": "If Max listens to music, he either listens to classical music or rap.\nAll the classical songs that Max listens to are from the 12th century. \nIf Max is listening to a rap song, then the song is by Kanye West. \nAll songs by Kanye West are full of lyrics. \nAll songs that are full of lyrics need to be written with words\nIt is not true that \u201cAs it was\u201d by Harry Styles is classical music that Max listens to and is from the 12th century.\nMax listens to \"As it was\" by Harry Styles.", + "original_conclusion": "\"As it was\u201d by Harry Styles is not both a song from Kanye West and needed to be written with words." + }, + { + "id": "folio_113", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\n\"Your Woman\" is a song by the British one-person band White Town.\n\"Your Woman\" song peaked at No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart.\nIf a song peaked at No.1 at a particular place, it was extremely popular.\n\"Your Woman\" peaked at No. 1 in Iceland, Israel, and Spain.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: \"Your Woman\" was extremely popular.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 39, + "example_id": 113, + "original_premises": "\"Your Woman\" is a song by the British one-person band White Town.\n\"Your Woman\" song peaked at No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart.\nIf a song peaked at No.1 at a particular place, it was extremely popular.\n\"Your Woman\" peaked at No. 1 in Iceland, Israel, and Spain.", + "original_conclusion": "\"Your Woman\" was extremely popular." + }, + { + "id": "folio_114", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\n\"Your Woman\" is a song by the British one-person band White Town.\n\"Your Woman\" song peaked at No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart.\nIf a song peaked at No.1 at a particular place, it was extremely popular.\n\"Your Woman\" peaked at No. 1 in Iceland, Israel, and Spain.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: White Town did not produce any popular songs.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 39, + "example_id": 114, + "original_premises": "\"Your Woman\" is a song by the British one-person band White Town.\n\"Your Woman\" song peaked at No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart.\nIf a song peaked at No.1 at a particular place, it was extremely popular.\n\"Your Woman\" peaked at No. 1 in Iceland, Israel, and Spain.", + "original_conclusion": "White Town did not produce any popular songs." + }, + { + "id": "folio_997", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\n\nAll functions that represent straight lines on the coordinate plane are linear functions. \nNo linear functions are non-convex functions.\nA function is either a non-convex fuction or a convex function.\nAll quasi-convex functions are real-valued functions.\nAll convex functions are quasi-convex functions. \nThe maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function.\nThe maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function that represents straight lines on the coordinate plane or it is a convex function or it is not a non-convex function.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The maximum of quasiconvex functions is not a real-valued function.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 374, + "example_id": 997, + "original_premises": "\nAll functions that represent straight lines on the coordinate plane are linear functions. \nNo linear functions are non-convex functions.\nA function is either a non-convex fuction or a convex function.\nAll quasi-convex functions are real-valued functions.\nAll convex functions are quasi-convex functions. \nThe maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function.\nThe maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function that represents straight lines on the coordinate plane or it is a convex function or it is not a non-convex function.", + "original_conclusion": "The maximum of quasiconvex functions is not a real-valued function." + }, + { + "id": "folio_998", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\n\nAll functions that represent straight lines on the coordinate plane are linear functions. \nNo linear functions are non-convex functions.\nA function is either a non-convex fuction or a convex function.\nAll quasi-convex functions are real-valued functions.\nAll convex functions are quasi-convex functions. \nThe maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function.\nThe maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function that represents straight lines on the coordinate plane or it is a convex function or it is not a non-convex function.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The maximum of quasiconvex functions is a quasi-convex function or it is not a real-valued function.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 374, + "example_id": 998, + "original_premises": "\nAll functions that represent straight lines on the coordinate plane are linear functions. \nNo linear functions are non-convex functions.\nA function is either a non-convex fuction or a convex function.\nAll quasi-convex functions are real-valued functions.\nAll convex functions are quasi-convex functions. \nThe maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function.\nThe maximum of quasiconvex functions is a function that represents straight lines on the coordinate plane or it is a convex function or it is not a non-convex function.", + "original_conclusion": "The maximum of quasiconvex functions is a quasi-convex function or it is not a real-valued function." + }, + { + "id": "folio_540", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf two soccer teams score the same number of goals in one UCL final during the regular time, they need to play for the extra time.\nIf two soccer teams score the same number of goals in one UCL final during both regular and extra time, they need to play the penalty shoot-out.\nReal Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid both scored one goal in the 2016 UCL final during the regular time.\nReal Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid both scored zero goals in the 2016 UCL final during the extra time.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Real Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid needed to play a penalty shoot-out in the 2016 UCL final.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 188, + "example_id": 540, + "original_premises": "If two soccer teams score the same number of goals in one UCL final during the regular time, they need to play for the extra time.\nIf two soccer teams score the same number of goals in one UCL final during both regular and extra time, they need to play the penalty shoot-out.\nReal Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid both scored one goal in the 2016 UCL final during the regular time.\nReal Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid both scored zero goals in the 2016 UCL final during the extra time.", + "original_conclusion": "Real Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid needed to play a penalty shoot-out in the 2016 UCL final." + }, + { + "id": "folio_541", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf two soccer teams score the same number of goals in one UCL final during the regular time, they need to play for the extra time.\nIf two soccer teams score the same number of goals in one UCL final during both regular and extra time, they need to play the penalty shoot-out.\nReal Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid both scored one goal in the 2016 UCL final during the regular time.\nReal Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid both scored zero goals in the 2016 UCL final during the extra time.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Real Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid did not need to play a penalty shoot-out in the 2016 UCL final.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 188, + "example_id": 541, + "original_premises": "If two soccer teams score the same number of goals in one UCL final during the regular time, they need to play for the extra time.\nIf two soccer teams score the same number of goals in one UCL final during both regular and extra time, they need to play the penalty shoot-out.\nReal Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid both scored one goal in the 2016 UCL final during the regular time.\nReal Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid both scored zero goals in the 2016 UCL final during the extra time.", + "original_conclusion": "Real Madrid and Atl\u00e9tico Madrid did not need to play a penalty shoot-out in the 2016 UCL final." + }, + { + "id": "folio_35", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSystem 7 is a UK-based electronic dance music band.\nSteve Hillage and Miquette Giraudy formed System 7.\nSteve Hillage and Miquette Giraudy are former members of the band Gong.\nElectric dance music bands are bands.\nSystem 7 has released several club singles.\nClub singles are not singles.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: System 7 was formed by former members of Gong.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 13, + "example_id": 35, + "original_premises": "System 7 is a UK-based electronic dance music band.\nSteve Hillage and Miquette Giraudy formed System 7.\nSteve Hillage and Miquette Giraudy are former members of the band Gong.\nElectric dance music bands are bands.\nSystem 7 has released several club singles.\nClub singles are not singles.", + "original_conclusion": "System 7 was formed by former members of Gong." + }, + { + "id": "folio_37", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSystem 7 is a UK-based electronic dance music band.\nSteve Hillage and Miquette Giraudy formed System 7.\nSteve Hillage and Miquette Giraudy are former members of the band Gong.\nElectric dance music bands are bands.\nSystem 7 has released several club singles.\nClub singles are not singles.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: System 7 is not a band.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 13, + "example_id": 37, + "original_premises": "System 7 is a UK-based electronic dance music band.\nSteve Hillage and Miquette Giraudy formed System 7.\nSteve Hillage and Miquette Giraudy are former members of the band Gong.\nElectric dance music bands are bands.\nSystem 7 has released several club singles.\nClub singles are not singles.", + "original_conclusion": "System 7 is not a band." + }, + { + "id": "folio_542", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA summarization model is always faithful if it uses content from the input documents.\nExtractive models are summarization models.\nAn extractive model can only use content from the input documents.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Extractive models are always faithful.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 189, + "example_id": 542, + "original_premises": "A summarization model is always faithful if it uses content from the input documents.\nExtractive models are summarization models.\nAn extractive model can only use content from the input documents.", + "original_conclusion": "Extractive models are always faithful." + }, + { + "id": "folio_543", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA summarization model is always faithful if it uses content from the input documents.\nExtractive models are summarization models.\nAn extractive model can only use content from the input documents.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Extractive models are not always faithful.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 189, + "example_id": 543, + "original_premises": "A summarization model is always faithful if it uses content from the input documents.\nExtractive models are summarization models.\nAn extractive model can only use content from the input documents.", + "original_conclusion": "Extractive models are not always faithful." + }, + { + "id": "folio_985", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf Robin's friends practice coding questions, then they are not studying to go to medical school to become a doctor.\nIf Robin's friends want to work in the software engineering industry, then they practice coding questions.\nIf Robin's friends enjoy healthcare fields and want to help people with medical issues, then they are studying to go to medical school to become a doctor.\nIf Robin's friends grew up with parents who worked as doctors, then they enjoy healthcare fields and want to help people with medical issues.\nIf Robin's friends study hard, then they grew up with parents who worked as doctors.\nMark is Robin's friend.\nIf Mark neither enjoys healthcare fields and wants to help people with medical issues nor grew up with parents who worked as doctors, then Mark is either a person who studies hard or grew up with parents who worked as doctors.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mark is Robin's friend and he practices coding questions and wants to work in the software engineering industry.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 370, + "example_id": 985, + "original_premises": "If Robin's friends practice coding questions, then they are not studying to go to medical school to become a doctor.\nIf Robin's friends want to work in the software engineering industry, then they practice coding questions.\nIf Robin's friends enjoy healthcare fields and want to help people with medical issues, then they are studying to go to medical school to become a doctor.\nIf Robin's friends grew up with parents who worked as doctors, then they enjoy healthcare fields and want to help people with medical issues.\nIf Robin's friends study hard, then they grew up with parents who worked as doctors.\nMark is Robin's friend.\nIf Mark neither enjoys healthcare fields and wants to help people with medical issues nor grew up with parents who worked as doctors, then Mark is either a person who studies hard or grew up with parents who worked as doctors.", + "original_conclusion": "Mark is Robin's friend and he practices coding questions and wants to work in the software engineering industry." + }, + { + "id": "folio_986", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf Robin's friends practice coding questions, then they are not studying to go to medical school to become a doctor.\nIf Robin's friends want to work in the software engineering industry, then they practice coding questions.\nIf Robin's friends enjoy healthcare fields and want to help people with medical issues, then they are studying to go to medical school to become a doctor.\nIf Robin's friends grew up with parents who worked as doctors, then they enjoy healthcare fields and want to help people with medical issues.\nIf Robin's friends study hard, then they grew up with parents who worked as doctors.\nMark is Robin's friend.\nIf Mark neither enjoys healthcare fields and wants to help people with medical issues nor grew up with parents who worked as doctors, then Mark is either a person who studies hard or grew up with parents who worked as doctors.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mark is Robin's friend and he neither practices coding questions nor works to work in the software engineering industry.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 370, + "example_id": 986, + "original_premises": "If Robin's friends practice coding questions, then they are not studying to go to medical school to become a doctor.\nIf Robin's friends want to work in the software engineering industry, then they practice coding questions.\nIf Robin's friends enjoy healthcare fields and want to help people with medical issues, then they are studying to go to medical school to become a doctor.\nIf Robin's friends grew up with parents who worked as doctors, then they enjoy healthcare fields and want to help people with medical issues.\nIf Robin's friends study hard, then they grew up with parents who worked as doctors.\nMark is Robin's friend.\nIf Mark neither enjoys healthcare fields and wants to help people with medical issues nor grew up with parents who worked as doctors, then Mark is either a person who studies hard or grew up with parents who worked as doctors.", + "original_conclusion": "Mark is Robin's friend and he neither practices coding questions nor works to work in the software engineering industry." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1023", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPeople who work at Jess's company and go to the spa frequently are not people who are miserly and need to save a large portion of their income.\nPeople who work at Jess's company are either miserly and need to save a large portion of their income, or frivolously spend a lot of money.\nIf people who work at Jess's company frivolously spend a lot of money when they go out, then they value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nIf people who work at Jess's company value quality manufacturing and luxury items, then they enjoy shopping for materialistic items in their free time.\nThomas works at Jess's company.\nIf Thomas is not miserly and needs to save a large portion of his income, then Thomas does not value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nThomas values quality manufacturing and luxury items or he is not miserly.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Thomas frivolously spends a lot of money.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 383, + "example_id": 1023, + "original_premises": "People who work at Jess's company and go to the spa frequently are not people who are miserly and need to save a large portion of their income.\nPeople who work at Jess's company are either miserly and need to save a large portion of their income, or frivolously spend a lot of money.\nIf people who work at Jess's company frivolously spend a lot of money when they go out, then they value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nIf people who work at Jess's company value quality manufacturing and luxury items, then they enjoy shopping for materialistic items in their free time.\nThomas works at Jess's company.\nIf Thomas is not miserly and needs to save a large portion of his income, then Thomas does not value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nThomas values quality manufacturing and luxury items or he is not miserly.", + "original_conclusion": "Thomas frivolously spends a lot of money." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1024", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPeople who work at Jess's company and go to the spa frequently are not people who are miserly and need to save a large portion of their income.\nPeople who work at Jess's company are either miserly and need to save a large portion of their income, or frivolously spend a lot of money.\nIf people who work at Jess's company frivolously spend a lot of money when they go out, then they value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nIf people who work at Jess's company value quality manufacturing and luxury items, then they enjoy shopping for materialistic items in their free time.\nThomas works at Jess's company.\nIf Thomas is not miserly and needs to save a large portion of his income, then Thomas does not value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nThomas values quality manufacturing and luxury items or he is not miserly.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Thomas either enjoys shopping for materialistic items in his free time or, if he does not, then he goes to the spa frequently.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 383, + "example_id": 1024, + "original_premises": "People who work at Jess's company and go to the spa frequently are not people who are miserly and need to save a large portion of their income.\nPeople who work at Jess's company are either miserly and need to save a large portion of their income, or frivolously spend a lot of money.\nIf people who work at Jess's company frivolously spend a lot of money when they go out, then they value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nIf people who work at Jess's company value quality manufacturing and luxury items, then they enjoy shopping for materialistic items in their free time.\nThomas works at Jess's company.\nIf Thomas is not miserly and needs to save a large portion of his income, then Thomas does not value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nThomas values quality manufacturing and luxury items or he is not miserly.", + "original_conclusion": "Thomas either enjoys shopping for materialistic items in his free time or, if he does not, then he goes to the spa frequently." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1025", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPeople who work at Jess's company and go to the spa frequently are not people who are miserly and need to save a large portion of their income.\nPeople who work at Jess's company are either miserly and need to save a large portion of their income, or frivolously spend a lot of money.\nIf people who work at Jess's company frivolously spend a lot of money when they go out, then they value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nIf people who work at Jess's company value quality manufacturing and luxury items, then they enjoy shopping for materialistic items in their free time.\nThomas works at Jess's company.\nIf Thomas is not miserly and needs to save a large portion of his income, then Thomas does not value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nThomas values quality manufacturing and luxury items or he is not miserly.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Thomas either enjoys shopping for materialistic items in his free time or, if he does not, then he goes to the spa frequently, then Thomas neither values quality manufacturing and luxury items nor goes to the spa frequently.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 383, + "example_id": 1025, + "original_premises": "People who work at Jess's company and go to the spa frequently are not people who are miserly and need to save a large portion of their income.\nPeople who work at Jess's company are either miserly and need to save a large portion of their income, or frivolously spend a lot of money.\nIf people who work at Jess's company frivolously spend a lot of money when they go out, then they value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nIf people who work at Jess's company value quality manufacturing and luxury items, then they enjoy shopping for materialistic items in their free time.\nThomas works at Jess's company.\nIf Thomas is not miserly and needs to save a large portion of his income, then Thomas does not value quality manufacturing and luxury items.\nThomas values quality manufacturing and luxury items or he is not miserly.", + "original_conclusion": "If Thomas either enjoys shopping for materialistic items in his free time or, if he does not, then he goes to the spa frequently, then Thomas neither values quality manufacturing and luxury items nor goes to the spa frequently." + }, + { + "id": "folio_624", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe indie pop band Phoenix has released six albums. \nPhoenix's album \"Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix\" sold over 500,000 copies. \nA certified gold album or single is one which sold over half a million copies. \n\"1901\" is a single from Phoenix's album \"Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix.\"\nOver 400,000 copies of \"1901\" have been sold. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The album \"Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix\" is a certified gold album.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 220, + "example_id": 624, + "original_premises": "The indie pop band Phoenix has released six albums. \nPhoenix's album \"Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix\" sold over 500,000 copies. \nA certified gold album or single is one which sold over half a million copies. \n\"1901\" is a single from Phoenix's album \"Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix.\"\nOver 400,000 copies of \"1901\" have been sold. ", + "original_conclusion": "The album \"Wolfgang Amadeus Phoenix\" is a certified gold album." + }, + { + "id": "folio_11", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPeter Parker is either a superhero or a civilian.\nThe Hulk is a destroyer.\nThe Hulk wakes up when he is angry.\nIf the Hulk wakes up, then he will break a bridge.\nThor is a god.\nThor will break a bridge when he is happy.\nA god is not a destroyer.\nPeter Parker wears a uniform when he is a superhero.\nPeter Parker is not a civilian if a destroyer is breaking a bridge.\nIf Thor is happy, the Hulk is angry.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If the Hulk does not wake up, then Thor is not happy.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 5, + "example_id": 11, + "original_premises": "Peter Parker is either a superhero or a civilian.\nThe Hulk is a destroyer.\nThe Hulk wakes up when he is angry.\nIf the Hulk wakes up, then he will break a bridge.\nThor is a god.\nThor will break a bridge when he is happy.\nA god is not a destroyer.\nPeter Parker wears a uniform when he is a superhero.\nPeter Parker is not a civilian if a destroyer is breaking a bridge.\nIf Thor is happy, the Hulk is angry.", + "original_conclusion": "If the Hulk does not wake up, then Thor is not happy." + }, + { + "id": "folio_12", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPeter Parker is either a superhero or a civilian.\nThe Hulk is a destroyer.\nThe Hulk wakes up when he is angry.\nIf the Hulk wakes up, then he will break a bridge.\nThor is a god.\nThor will break a bridge when he is happy.\nA god is not a destroyer.\nPeter Parker wears a uniform when he is a superhero.\nPeter Parker is not a civilian if a destroyer is breaking a bridge.\nIf Thor is happy, the Hulk is angry.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Thor is happy, then Peter Parker wears a uniform.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 5, + "example_id": 12, + "original_premises": "Peter Parker is either a superhero or a civilian.\nThe Hulk is a destroyer.\nThe Hulk wakes up when he is angry.\nIf the Hulk wakes up, then he will break a bridge.\nThor is a god.\nThor will break a bridge when he is happy.\nA god is not a destroyer.\nPeter Parker wears a uniform when he is a superhero.\nPeter Parker is not a civilian if a destroyer is breaking a bridge.\nIf Thor is happy, the Hulk is angry.", + "original_conclusion": "If Thor is happy, then Peter Parker wears a uniform." + }, + { + "id": "folio_258", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDiethylcarbamazine is a medication discovered in the year 1947.\nDiethylcarbamazine can be used to treat river blindness.\nThe only preferred treatment for river blindness is ivermectin.\nDiethylcarbamazine is not ivermectin.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Diethylcarbamazine is not preferred for the treatment of river blindness.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 85, + "example_id": 258, + "original_premises": "Diethylcarbamazine is a medication discovered in the year 1947.\nDiethylcarbamazine can be used to treat river blindness.\nThe only preferred treatment for river blindness is ivermectin.\nDiethylcarbamazine is not ivermectin.", + "original_conclusion": "Diethylcarbamazine is not preferred for the treatment of river blindness." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1058", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll prime numbers are natural numbers.\nAll integers are real numbers. \nAll real numbers are complex numbers. \nOne is a prime number or a natural number or both.\nIf one is not a complex number, then one is a prime number and an integer.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: One is a prime number and a natural number.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 392, + "example_id": 1058, + "original_premises": "All prime numbers are natural numbers.\nAll integers are real numbers. \nAll real numbers are complex numbers. \nOne is a prime number or a natural number or both.\nIf one is not a complex number, then one is a prime number and an integer.", + "original_conclusion": "One is a prime number and a natural number." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1059", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll prime numbers are natural numbers.\nAll integers are real numbers. \nAll real numbers are complex numbers. \nOne is a prime number or a natural number or both.\nIf one is not a complex number, then one is a prime number and an integer.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: One is either a prime number or a natural number.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 392, + "example_id": 1059, + "original_premises": "All prime numbers are natural numbers.\nAll integers are real numbers. \nAll real numbers are complex numbers. \nOne is a prime number or a natural number or both.\nIf one is not a complex number, then one is a prime number and an integer.", + "original_conclusion": "One is either a prime number or a natural number." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1035", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf some diseases require a medical diagnosis, then lab tests or imaging is required. \nAll rare diseases require a medical diagnosis.\nIf a disease is mild, then no lab tests or imaging is required. \nAll blood cancers are rare diseases.\nAll types of leukemia are diseases and blood cancers. \nBladder cancer is a disease and is blood cancer or Leukemia.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Bladder cancer is a mild disease.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 387, + "example_id": 1035, + "original_premises": "If some diseases require a medical diagnosis, then lab tests or imaging is required. \nAll rare diseases require a medical diagnosis.\nIf a disease is mild, then no lab tests or imaging is required. \nAll blood cancers are rare diseases.\nAll types of leukemia are diseases and blood cancers. \nBladder cancer is a disease and is blood cancer or Leukemia.", + "original_conclusion": "Bladder cancer is a mild disease." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1037", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf some diseases require a medical diagnosis, then lab tests or imaging is required. \nAll rare diseases require a medical diagnosis.\nIf a disease is mild, then no lab tests or imaging is required. \nAll blood cancers are rare diseases.\nAll types of leukemia are diseases and blood cancers. \nBladder cancer is a disease and is blood cancer or Leukemia.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Bladder cancer is either a rare disease or a mild disease.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 387, + "example_id": 1037, + "original_premises": "If some diseases require a medical diagnosis, then lab tests or imaging is required. \nAll rare diseases require a medical diagnosis.\nIf a disease is mild, then no lab tests or imaging is required. \nAll blood cancers are rare diseases.\nAll types of leukemia are diseases and blood cancers. \nBladder cancer is a disease and is blood cancer or Leukemia.", + "original_conclusion": "Bladder cancer is either a rare disease or a mild disease." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1045", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are no elements with atomic number between 61-63 that are not scarce in China.\nNon-rare earth elements are not scarce in China.\nAll elements are either non-rare earth elements or rare earth elements. \nAll rare earth elements can be used for industry.\nAll rare earth elements are essential for exploring future directions of electronics.\nLithium is either a non-rare earth element and essential for exploring future directions of electronics, or is not a non-rare earth element and is not essential for exploring future directions of electronics.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Lithium is an element with atomic number between 61-63 and is used for batteries.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 390, + "example_id": 1045, + "original_premises": "There are no elements with atomic number between 61-63 that are not scarce in China.\nNon-rare earth elements are not scarce in China.\nAll elements are either non-rare earth elements or rare earth elements. \nAll rare earth elements can be used for industry.\nAll rare earth elements are essential for exploring future directions of electronics.\nLithium is either a non-rare earth element and essential for exploring future directions of electronics, or is not a non-rare earth element and is not essential for exploring future directions of electronics.", + "original_conclusion": "Lithium is an element with atomic number between 61-63 and is used for batteries." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1046", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are no elements with atomic number between 61-63 that are not scarce in China.\nNon-rare earth elements are not scarce in China.\nAll elements are either non-rare earth elements or rare earth elements. \nAll rare earth elements can be used for industry.\nAll rare earth elements are essential for exploring future directions of electronics.\nLithium is either a non-rare earth element and essential for exploring future directions of electronics, or is not a non-rare earth element and is not essential for exploring future directions of electronics.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Lithium is not essential for exploring future directions of electronics or an element with atomic number between 61-63, then Lithium is not a non-rare earth element or usable in industry.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 390, + "example_id": 1046, + "original_premises": "There are no elements with atomic number between 61-63 that are not scarce in China.\nNon-rare earth elements are not scarce in China.\nAll elements are either non-rare earth elements or rare earth elements. \nAll rare earth elements can be used for industry.\nAll rare earth elements are essential for exploring future directions of electronics.\nLithium is either a non-rare earth element and essential for exploring future directions of electronics, or is not a non-rare earth element and is not essential for exploring future directions of electronics.", + "original_conclusion": "If Lithium is not essential for exploring future directions of electronics or an element with atomic number between 61-63, then Lithium is not a non-rare earth element or usable in industry." + }, + { + "id": "folio_858", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people don't often clean their homes, then they do not have tidy houses.\nIf people don't prioritize cleaning, then they do not often clean their homes.\nIf people hire a maid or cleaning service, then they have tidy houses.\nIf people don't care about cleanliness, then they do not prioritize cleaning.\nEither Jack does hire a maid or cleaning service and does not often clean his home, or he does not hire a maid or cleaning service nor often clean his home.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack doesn't care about cleanliness.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 332, + "example_id": 858, + "original_premises": "If people don't often clean their homes, then they do not have tidy houses.\nIf people don't prioritize cleaning, then they do not often clean their homes.\nIf people hire a maid or cleaning service, then they have tidy houses.\nIf people don't care about cleanliness, then they do not prioritize cleaning.\nEither Jack does hire a maid or cleaning service and does not often clean his home, or he does not hire a maid or cleaning service nor often clean his home.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack doesn't care about cleanliness." + }, + { + "id": "folio_859", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people don't often clean their homes, then they do not have tidy houses.\nIf people don't prioritize cleaning, then they do not often clean their homes.\nIf people hire a maid or cleaning service, then they have tidy houses.\nIf people don't care about cleanliness, then they do not prioritize cleaning.\nEither Jack does hire a maid or cleaning service and does not often clean his home, or he does not hire a maid or cleaning service nor often clean his home.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack does care about cleanliness.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 332, + "example_id": 859, + "original_premises": "If people don't often clean their homes, then they do not have tidy houses.\nIf people don't prioritize cleaning, then they do not often clean their homes.\nIf people hire a maid or cleaning service, then they have tidy houses.\nIf people don't care about cleanliness, then they do not prioritize cleaning.\nEither Jack does hire a maid or cleaning service and does not often clean his home, or he does not hire a maid or cleaning service nor often clean his home.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack does care about cleanliness." + }, + { + "id": "folio_861", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people don't often clean their homes, then they do not have tidy houses.\nIf people don't prioritize cleaning, then they do not often clean their homes.\nIf people hire a maid or cleaning service, then they have tidy houses.\nIf people don't care about cleanliness, then they do not prioritize cleaning.\nEither Jack does hire a maid or cleaning service and does not often clean his home, or he does not hire a maid or cleaning service nor often clean his home.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack neither lives in the suburbs nor is too busy to clean.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 332, + "example_id": 861, + "original_premises": "If people don't often clean their homes, then they do not have tidy houses.\nIf people don't prioritize cleaning, then they do not often clean their homes.\nIf people hire a maid or cleaning service, then they have tidy houses.\nIf people don't care about cleanliness, then they do not prioritize cleaning.\nEither Jack does hire a maid or cleaning service and does not often clean his home, or he does not hire a maid or cleaning service nor often clean his home.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack neither lives in the suburbs nor is too busy to clean." + }, + { + "id": "folio_862", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people don't often clean their homes, then they do not have tidy houses.\nIf people don't prioritize cleaning, then they do not often clean their homes.\nIf people hire a maid or cleaning service, then they have tidy houses.\nIf people don't care about cleanliness, then they do not prioritize cleaning.\nEither Jack does hire a maid or cleaning service and does not often clean his home, or he does not hire a maid or cleaning service nor often clean his home.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack is overburdened and lives in the suburbs.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 332, + "example_id": 862, + "original_premises": "If people don't often clean their homes, then they do not have tidy houses.\nIf people don't prioritize cleaning, then they do not often clean their homes.\nIf people hire a maid or cleaning service, then they have tidy houses.\nIf people don't care about cleanliness, then they do not prioritize cleaning.\nEither Jack does hire a maid or cleaning service and does not often clean his home, or he does not hire a maid or cleaning service nor often clean his home.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack is overburdened and lives in the suburbs." + }, + { + "id": "folio_722", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe bottle not falling is either standing upright or toppled over. \nThe bottle not falling is not standing upright.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The bottle not falling is toppled over.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 278, + "example_id": 722, + "original_premises": "The bottle not falling is either standing upright or toppled over. \nThe bottle not falling is not standing upright.", + "original_conclusion": "The bottle not falling is toppled over." + }, + { + "id": "folio_952", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone who chooses what they want to do with their time has flexible schedules.\nEveryone with a lot of free time chooses what they want to do with their time.\nPeople either have a lot of free time or they invest in a career in which they are willing to spend the rest of their lives.\nIf people invest in a career in which they are willing to spend the rest of their lives, then they are hardworking individuals with high ambitions and goals for the future. \nIf people are hardworking individuals with high ambitions and goals for the future, then they are not short sighted.\nJohn is not either a hardworking individual with high ambitions and goals for the future or has a flexible schedule.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: John is short sighted.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 359, + "example_id": 952, + "original_premises": "Everyone who chooses what they want to do with their time has flexible schedules.\nEveryone with a lot of free time chooses what they want to do with their time.\nPeople either have a lot of free time or they invest in a career in which they are willing to spend the rest of their lives.\nIf people invest in a career in which they are willing to spend the rest of their lives, then they are hardworking individuals with high ambitions and goals for the future. \nIf people are hardworking individuals with high ambitions and goals for the future, then they are not short sighted.\nJohn is not either a hardworking individual with high ambitions and goals for the future or has a flexible schedule.", + "original_conclusion": "John is short sighted." + }, + { + "id": "folio_954", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone who chooses what they want to do with their time has flexible schedules.\nEveryone with a lot of free time chooses what they want to do with their time.\nPeople either have a lot of free time or they invest in a career in which they are willing to spend the rest of their lives.\nIf people invest in a career in which they are willing to spend the rest of their lives, then they are hardworking individuals with high ambitions and goals for the future. \nIf people are hardworking individuals with high ambitions and goals for the future, then they are not short sighted.\nJohn is not either a hardworking individual with high ambitions and goals for the future or has a flexible schedule.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: John is either a hardworking individual with high ambitions and goals for the future or is short sighted.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 359, + "example_id": 954, + "original_premises": "Everyone who chooses what they want to do with their time has flexible schedules.\nEveryone with a lot of free time chooses what they want to do with their time.\nPeople either have a lot of free time or they invest in a career in which they are willing to spend the rest of their lives.\nIf people invest in a career in which they are willing to spend the rest of their lives, then they are hardworking individuals with high ambitions and goals for the future. \nIf people are hardworking individuals with high ambitions and goals for the future, then they are not short sighted.\nJohn is not either a hardworking individual with high ambitions and goals for the future or has a flexible schedule.", + "original_conclusion": "John is either a hardworking individual with high ambitions and goals for the future or is short sighted." + }, + { + "id": "folio_237", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAbleton has an office in Germany.\nAbleton has an office in the USA.\nUSA and Germany are different countries.\nAny company that has offices in different countries is a multinational company.\nAbleton makes music software.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Ableton is a multinational company.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 78, + "example_id": 237, + "original_premises": "Ableton has an office in Germany.\nAbleton has an office in the USA.\nUSA and Germany are different countries.\nAny company that has offices in different countries is a multinational company.\nAbleton makes music software.", + "original_conclusion": "Ableton is a multinational company." + }, + { + "id": "folio_239", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAbleton has an office in Germany.\nAbleton has an office in the USA.\nUSA and Germany are different countries.\nAny company that has offices in different countries is a multinational company.\nAbleton makes music software.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Ableton does not have an office in Germany.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 78, + "example_id": 239, + "original_premises": "Ableton has an office in Germany.\nAbleton has an office in the USA.\nUSA and Germany are different countries.\nAny company that has offices in different countries is a multinational company.\nAbleton makes music software.", + "original_conclusion": "Ableton does not have an office in Germany." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1296", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThose who can fly over a vast distance glide in the air. \nFlightless birds cannot fly over a vast distance. \nPenguins are flightless birds. \nNonflying birds in Antarctica are penguins. \nFido is a penguin, or flies over a vast distance. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Fido is not a nonflying bird in Antarctica, and he cannot glid in the air.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 450, + "example_id": 1296, + "original_premises": "Those who can fly over a vast distance glide in the air. \nFlightless birds cannot fly over a vast distance. \nPenguins are flightless birds. \nNonflying birds in Antarctica are penguins. \nFido is a penguin, or flies over a vast distance. ", + "original_conclusion": "Fido is not a nonflying bird in Antarctica, and he cannot glid in the air." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1297", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThose who can fly over a vast distance glide in the air. \nFlightless birds cannot fly over a vast distance. \nPenguins are flightless birds. \nNonflying birds in Antarctica are penguins. \nFido is a penguin, or flies over a vast distance. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Fido either can fly over a vast distance or cannot fly over a vast distance, then Fido is a nonflying bird in Antartica.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 450, + "example_id": 1297, + "original_premises": "Those who can fly over a vast distance glide in the air. \nFlightless birds cannot fly over a vast distance. \nPenguins are flightless birds. \nNonflying birds in Antarctica are penguins. \nFido is a penguin, or flies over a vast distance. ", + "original_conclusion": "If Fido either can fly over a vast distance or cannot fly over a vast distance, then Fido is a nonflying bird in Antartica." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1355", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll members of the university faculty are professors.\nAll principal investigators are members of the university faculty.\nNo professor is also an undergraduate student.\nAnyone pursuing a bachelor's degree is an undergraduate student.\nLeon is not pursuing a bachelor's degree, and he is not a principal investigator.\nIf Leon is not pursuing a bachelor's degree, then he is a professor.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Leon is neither an undergraduate student nor a principal investigator.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 469, + "example_id": 1355, + "original_premises": "All members of the university faculty are professors.\nAll principal investigators are members of the university faculty.\nNo professor is also an undergraduate student.\nAnyone pursuing a bachelor's degree is an undergraduate student.\nLeon is not pursuing a bachelor's degree, and he is not a principal investigator.\nIf Leon is not pursuing a bachelor's degree, then he is a professor.", + "original_conclusion": "Leon is neither an undergraduate student nor a principal investigator." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1356", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll members of the university faculty are professors.\nAll principal investigators are members of the university faculty.\nNo professor is also an undergraduate student.\nAnyone pursuing a bachelor's degree is an undergraduate student.\nLeon is not pursuing a bachelor's degree, and he is not a principal investigator.\nIf Leon is not pursuing a bachelor's degree, then he is a professor.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If leon is not a principal investigator, then Leon is an undergraduate student.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 469, + "example_id": 1356, + "original_premises": "All members of the university faculty are professors.\nAll principal investigators are members of the university faculty.\nNo professor is also an undergraduate student.\nAnyone pursuing a bachelor's degree is an undergraduate student.\nLeon is not pursuing a bachelor's degree, and he is not a principal investigator.\nIf Leon is not pursuing a bachelor's degree, then he is a professor.", + "original_conclusion": "If leon is not a principal investigator, then Leon is an undergraduate student." + }, + { + "id": "folio_346", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA cutman is responsible for preventing and treating physical damage to a fighter.\nCutmen appear in boxing matches, kickboxing matches, or mixed martial arts matches bout. \nCutmen handle swelling, nosebleeds and lacerations. \nJack is a cutman.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack is responsible for treating physical damage to a fighter.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 114, + "example_id": 346, + "original_premises": "A cutman is responsible for preventing and treating physical damage to a fighter.\nCutmen appear in boxing matches, kickboxing matches, or mixed martial arts matches bout. \nCutmen handle swelling, nosebleeds and lacerations. \nJack is a cutman.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack is responsible for treating physical damage to a fighter." + }, + { + "id": "folio_488", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Mona Lisa is a world's best-known painting.\nThe Mona Lisa is a portrait painted by Leonardo da Vinci.\nLeonardo da Vinci was a scientist and painter.\nPainting genres can be history, portrait, animal, landscape, and still life.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A world's best-known artwork is painted by a scientist.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 170, + "example_id": 488, + "original_premises": "The Mona Lisa is a world's best-known painting.\nThe Mona Lisa is a portrait painted by Leonardo da Vinci.\nLeonardo da Vinci was a scientist and painter.\nPainting genres can be history, portrait, animal, landscape, and still life.", + "original_conclusion": "A world's best-known artwork is painted by a scientist." + }, + { + "id": "folio_490", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Mona Lisa is a world's best-known painting.\nThe Mona Lisa is a portrait painted by Leonardo da Vinci.\nLeonardo da Vinci was a scientist and painter.\nPainting genres can be history, portrait, animal, landscape, and still life.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No world's best-known artworks are portraits.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 170, + "example_id": 490, + "original_premises": "The Mona Lisa is a world's best-known painting.\nThe Mona Lisa is a portrait painted by Leonardo da Vinci.\nLeonardo da Vinci was a scientist and painter.\nPainting genres can be history, portrait, animal, landscape, and still life.", + "original_conclusion": "No world's best-known artworks are portraits." + }, + { + "id": "folio_887", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Nadal is a Grand Slam umpire.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 339, + "example_id": 887, + "original_premises": "No professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion", + "original_conclusion": "Nadal is a Grand Slam umpire." + }, + { + "id": "folio_888", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Nadal is not a Grand Slam umpire.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 339, + "example_id": 888, + "original_premises": "No professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion", + "original_conclusion": "Nadal is not a Grand Slam umpire." + }, + { + "id": "folio_890", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Nadal is neither a Grand Slam umpire nor a professional tennis umpire.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 339, + "example_id": 890, + "original_premises": "No professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion", + "original_conclusion": "Nadal is neither a Grand Slam umpire nor a professional tennis umpire." + }, + { + "id": "folio_891", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Nadal is a professional tennis umpire, then Nadal is a Grand Slam Umpire.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 339, + "example_id": 891, + "original_premises": "No professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion", + "original_conclusion": "If Nadal is a professional tennis umpire, then Nadal is a Grand Slam Umpire." + }, + { + "id": "folio_892", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Nadal is a Grand Slam umpire or a professional tennis player, then Nadal is a Grand Slam umpire.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 339, + "example_id": 892, + "original_premises": "No professional tennis umpires are professional tennis players.\nIf you are a World Tour player, then you are a professional tennis player.\nAll Grand Slam champions are World Tour players.\nAll Grand Slam umpires are professional tennis umpires.\nNadal is a World Tour player or a Grand Slam champion", + "original_conclusion": "If Nadal is a Grand Slam umpire or a professional tennis player, then Nadal is a Grand Slam umpire." + }, + { + "id": "folio_367", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBusinesses are either sanctioned or unsanctioned.\nSanctioned businesses are limited.\nUnsanctioned businesses are free.\nThe Crude Oil Data Exchange is a business that isn't free.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Crude Oil Data Exchange is sanctioned.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 123, + "example_id": 367, + "original_premises": "Businesses are either sanctioned or unsanctioned.\nSanctioned businesses are limited.\nUnsanctioned businesses are free.\nThe Crude Oil Data Exchange is a business that isn't free.", + "original_conclusion": "Crude Oil Data Exchange is sanctioned." + }, + { + "id": "folio_368", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBusinesses are either sanctioned or unsanctioned.\nSanctioned businesses are limited.\nUnsanctioned businesses are free.\nThe Crude Oil Data Exchange is a business that isn't free.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Crude Oil Data Exchange is unsanctioned.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 123, + "example_id": 368, + "original_premises": "Businesses are either sanctioned or unsanctioned.\nSanctioned businesses are limited.\nUnsanctioned businesses are free.\nThe Crude Oil Data Exchange is a business that isn't free.", + "original_conclusion": "Crude Oil Data Exchange is unsanctioned." + }, + { + "id": "folio_369", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBusinesses are either sanctioned or unsanctioned.\nSanctioned businesses are limited.\nUnsanctioned businesses are free.\nThe Crude Oil Data Exchange is a business that isn't free.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Crude Oil Data Exchange is limited.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 123, + "example_id": 369, + "original_premises": "Businesses are either sanctioned or unsanctioned.\nSanctioned businesses are limited.\nUnsanctioned businesses are free.\nThe Crude Oil Data Exchange is a business that isn't free.", + "original_conclusion": "Crude Oil Data Exchange is limited." + }, + { + "id": "folio_315", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPalstaves are a type of early bronze axe.\nPalstaves are found in northern, western, and southwestern Europe and are cast in molds.\nJohn Evans is an archeologist who popularized the term \"palstave.\"\nPaalstabs are not a type of axe but rather a digging shovel.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Archeologists haven't popularized anything.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 103, + "example_id": 315, + "original_premises": "Palstaves are a type of early bronze axe.\nPalstaves are found in northern, western, and southwestern Europe and are cast in molds.\nJohn Evans is an archeologist who popularized the term \"palstave.\"\nPaalstabs are not a type of axe but rather a digging shovel.", + "original_conclusion": "Archeologists haven't popularized anything." + }, + { + "id": "folio_273", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nKoei Tecmo is a Japanese video game and anime holding company.\nHolding companies hold several companies.\nTecmo was disbanded in Japan, while Koei survived but was renamed.\nVideo game holding companies are holding companies.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Koei Tecmo holds another company.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 90, + "example_id": 273, + "original_premises": "Koei Tecmo is a Japanese video game and anime holding company.\nHolding companies hold several companies.\nTecmo was disbanded in Japan, while Koei survived but was renamed.\nVideo game holding companies are holding companies.", + "original_conclusion": "Koei Tecmo holds another company." + }, + { + "id": "folio_566", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe PlayStation EyeToy is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 2 system. \nThe PlayStation Eye is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 3 system.\nThe PlayStation Camera is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 4 and the PlayStation 5 systems.\nCamera accessories for a system are compatible with that system.\nPlaystation 2, 3,4, and 5 are all different.\nOnly the PlayStation Camera camera system is compatible with different systems.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Playstation Eye is compatible with the PlayStation 2 and the PlayStation 3.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 199, + "example_id": 566, + "original_premises": "The PlayStation EyeToy is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 2 system. \nThe PlayStation Eye is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 3 system.\nThe PlayStation Camera is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 4 and the PlayStation 5 systems.\nCamera accessories for a system are compatible with that system.\nPlaystation 2, 3,4, and 5 are all different.\nOnly the PlayStation Camera camera system is compatible with different systems.", + "original_conclusion": "The Playstation Eye is compatible with the PlayStation 2 and the PlayStation 3." + }, + { + "id": "folio_567", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe PlayStation EyeToy is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 2 system. \nThe PlayStation Eye is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 3 system.\nThe PlayStation Camera is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 4 and the PlayStation 5 systems.\nCamera accessories for a system are compatible with that system.\nPlaystation 2, 3,4, and 5 are all different.\nOnly the PlayStation Camera camera system is compatible with different systems.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Playstation EyeToy is compatible with the PlayStation 2.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 199, + "example_id": 567, + "original_premises": "The PlayStation EyeToy is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 2 system. \nThe PlayStation Eye is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 3 system.\nThe PlayStation Camera is a camera accessory for the PlayStation 4 and the PlayStation 5 systems.\nCamera accessories for a system are compatible with that system.\nPlaystation 2, 3,4, and 5 are all different.\nOnly the PlayStation Camera camera system is compatible with different systems.", + "original_conclusion": "The Playstation EyeToy is compatible with the PlayStation 2." + }, + { + "id": "folio_718", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAdam Buska is a European football player.\nIf a European plays football, they play what Americans call soccer.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Adam Buska plays what Americans call soccer.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 274, + "example_id": 718, + "original_premises": "Adam Buska is a European football player.\nIf a European plays football, they play what Americans call soccer.", + "original_conclusion": "Adam Buska plays what Americans call soccer." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1153", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a game is one of the top-3 best selling video-games, then it is multiplatform.\nIf a game has sold more than 100 million copies, then it is one of the top-3 best-selling video games.\nSome games that support Windows are developed by Nintendo.\nAll multiplatform games can be played on a wide range of devices.\nPokemon Diamond version is neither developed by Nintendo nor can be played on a wide range of devices.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Pokemon Diamond version supports Windows and has sold more than 100 million copies.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 411, + "example_id": 1153, + "original_premises": "If a game is one of the top-3 best selling video-games, then it is multiplatform.\nIf a game has sold more than 100 million copies, then it is one of the top-3 best-selling video games.\nSome games that support Windows are developed by Nintendo.\nAll multiplatform games can be played on a wide range of devices.\nPokemon Diamond version is neither developed by Nintendo nor can be played on a wide range of devices.", + "original_conclusion": "Pokemon Diamond version supports Windows and has sold more than 100 million copies." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1154", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a game is one of the top-3 best selling video-games, then it is multiplatform.\nIf a game has sold more than 100 million copies, then it is one of the top-3 best-selling video games.\nSome games that support Windows are developed by Nintendo.\nAll multiplatform games can be played on a wide range of devices.\nPokemon Diamond version is neither developed by Nintendo nor can be played on a wide range of devices.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Pokemon Diamond version either supports Windows or has sold more than 100 million copies, then Pokemon Diamond version either is both multiplatform and one of the top-3 best selling video games, or is neither multiplatform nor one of the top-3 best selling video games.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 411, + "example_id": 1154, + "original_premises": "If a game is one of the top-3 best selling video-games, then it is multiplatform.\nIf a game has sold more than 100 million copies, then it is one of the top-3 best-selling video games.\nSome games that support Windows are developed by Nintendo.\nAll multiplatform games can be played on a wide range of devices.\nPokemon Diamond version is neither developed by Nintendo nor can be played on a wide range of devices.", + "original_conclusion": "If Pokemon Diamond version either supports Windows or has sold more than 100 million copies, then Pokemon Diamond version either is both multiplatform and one of the top-3 best selling video games, or is neither multiplatform nor one of the top-3 best selling video games." + }, + { + "id": "folio_589", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nChina is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from China, then they are from a country of BRICS.\nIndia is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from India, then they are in a country of BRICS.\nAll people from China are Chinese people.\nAll people from India are Indian people.\nThere is a person from India.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No people from BRICS are Indian people.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 206, + "example_id": 589, + "original_premises": "China is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from China, then they are from a country of BRICS.\nIndia is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from India, then they are in a country of BRICS.\nAll people from China are Chinese people.\nAll people from India are Indian people.\nThere is a person from India.", + "original_conclusion": "No people from BRICS are Indian people." + }, + { + "id": "folio_590", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nChina is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from China, then they are from a country of BRICS.\nIndia is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from India, then they are in a country of BRICS.\nAll people from China are Chinese people.\nAll people from India are Indian people.\nThere is a person from India.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: India's economy is not emerging.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 206, + "example_id": 590, + "original_premises": "China is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from China, then they are from a country of BRICS.\nIndia is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from India, then they are in a country of BRICS.\nAll people from China are Chinese people.\nAll people from India are Indian people.\nThere is a person from India.", + "original_conclusion": "India's economy is not emerging." + }, + { + "id": "folio_591", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nChina is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from China, then they are from a country of BRICS.\nIndia is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from India, then they are in a country of BRICS.\nAll people from China are Chinese people.\nAll people from India are Indian people.\nThere is a person from India.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There is an Indian people from BRICS.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 206, + "example_id": 591, + "original_premises": "China is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from China, then they are from a country of BRICS.\nIndia is one of the BRICS, and its economy is emerging.\nIf someone is from India, then they are in a country of BRICS.\nAll people from China are Chinese people.\nAll people from India are Indian people.\nThere is a person from India.", + "original_conclusion": "There is an Indian people from BRICS." + }, + { + "id": "folio_264", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDaveed Diggs is an actor and film producer.\nDaveed Diggs played two roles in the musical Hamilton on Broadway.\nOne of the actors from Hamilton won the best actor award.\nThe actor playing Thomas Jefferson won the best actor award.\nDaveed Diggs played Thomas Jefferson.\nMusicals on Broadway are not films.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Hamilton is a film.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 87, + "example_id": 264, + "original_premises": "Daveed Diggs is an actor and film producer.\nDaveed Diggs played two roles in the musical Hamilton on Broadway.\nOne of the actors from Hamilton won the best actor award.\nThe actor playing Thomas Jefferson won the best actor award.\nDaveed Diggs played Thomas Jefferson.\nMusicals on Broadway are not films.", + "original_conclusion": "Hamilton is a film." + }, + { + "id": "folio_265", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDaveed Diggs is an actor and film producer.\nDaveed Diggs played two roles in the musical Hamilton on Broadway.\nOne of the actors from Hamilton won the best actor award.\nThe actor playing Thomas Jefferson won the best actor award.\nDaveed Diggs played Thomas Jefferson.\nMusicals on Broadway are not films.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Daveed Diggs won the best actor award.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 87, + "example_id": 265, + "original_premises": "Daveed Diggs is an actor and film producer.\nDaveed Diggs played two roles in the musical Hamilton on Broadway.\nOne of the actors from Hamilton won the best actor award.\nThe actor playing Thomas Jefferson won the best actor award.\nDaveed Diggs played Thomas Jefferson.\nMusicals on Broadway are not films.", + "original_conclusion": "Daveed Diggs won the best actor award." + }, + { + "id": "folio_626", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nErnest Pohl was a Polish football player. \nA football player in the Polish First Division has scored over 180 goals. \nErnest Pohl scored more than 180 goals in the Polish First Division. \nG\u00f3rnik Zabrze's stadium was named after a soccer player from Ruda \u015al\u0105ska. \nErnest Pohl is from Ruda \u015al\u0105ska. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Ernest Pohl has not scored more than 180 goals.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 221, + "example_id": 626, + "original_premises": "Ernest Pohl was a Polish football player. \nA football player in the Polish First Division has scored over 180 goals. \nErnest Pohl scored more than 180 goals in the Polish First Division. \nG\u00f3rnik Zabrze's stadium was named after a soccer player from Ruda \u015al\u0105ska. \nErnest Pohl is from Ruda \u015al\u0105ska. ", + "original_conclusion": "Ernest Pohl has not scored more than 180 goals." + }, + { + "id": "folio_416", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAnn J. Land was a member of the Philadelphia City Council and the Democratic Party.\nAnn J. Land ran unopposed for the Philadelphia City Council in 1980.\nPeople who run unopposed for the Philadelphia City Council are elected to the positions they run for in the same year.\nMichael Nutter was a political challenger.\nAnn J. Land defeated Michael Nutter and ran for the Philadelphia City Council in 1987.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Ann J. Land was elected to the Philadelphia City Council in 1980.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 142, + "example_id": 416, + "original_premises": "Ann J. Land was a member of the Philadelphia City Council and the Democratic Party.\nAnn J. Land ran unopposed for the Philadelphia City Council in 1980.\nPeople who run unopposed for the Philadelphia City Council are elected to the positions they run for in the same year.\nMichael Nutter was a political challenger.\nAnn J. Land defeated Michael Nutter and ran for the Philadelphia City Council in 1987.", + "original_conclusion": "Ann J. Land was elected to the Philadelphia City Council in 1980." + }, + { + "id": "folio_418", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAnn J. Land was a member of the Philadelphia City Council and the Democratic Party.\nAnn J. Land ran unopposed for the Philadelphia City Council in 1980.\nPeople who run unopposed for the Philadelphia City Council are elected to the positions they run for in the same year.\nMichael Nutter was a political challenger.\nAnn J. Land defeated Michael Nutter and ran for the Philadelphia City Council in 1987.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There was some member of the Democratic Party elected to the Philadelphia City Council in 1980.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 142, + "example_id": 418, + "original_premises": "Ann J. Land was a member of the Philadelphia City Council and the Democratic Party.\nAnn J. Land ran unopposed for the Philadelphia City Council in 1980.\nPeople who run unopposed for the Philadelphia City Council are elected to the positions they run for in the same year.\nMichael Nutter was a political challenger.\nAnn J. Land defeated Michael Nutter and ran for the Philadelphia City Council in 1987.", + "original_conclusion": "There was some member of the Democratic Party elected to the Philadelphia City Council in 1980." + }, + { + "id": "folio_337", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAberdeen won the cup in the 2013 final.\nRangers won the cup in the 2014 final.\nAberdeen and Rangers are different teams.\nDifferent teams cannot win the cup in the same year's final.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Rangers won the cup in 2013.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 111, + "example_id": 337, + "original_premises": "Aberdeen won the cup in the 2013 final.\nRangers won the cup in the 2014 final.\nAberdeen and Rangers are different teams.\nDifferent teams cannot win the cup in the same year's final.", + "original_conclusion": "Rangers won the cup in 2013." + }, + { + "id": "folio_338", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAberdeen won the cup in the 2013 final.\nRangers won the cup in the 2014 final.\nAberdeen and Rangers are different teams.\nDifferent teams cannot win the cup in the same year's final.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Aberdeen has once won a cup.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 111, + "example_id": 338, + "original_premises": "Aberdeen won the cup in the 2013 final.\nRangers won the cup in the 2014 final.\nAberdeen and Rangers are different teams.\nDifferent teams cannot win the cup in the same year's final.", + "original_conclusion": "Aberdeen has once won a cup." + }, + { + "id": "folio_844", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll young working professionals who have regular 9-5 jobs have stable jobs.\nSome people living in Manhattan are young professionals with regular 9-5 jobs.\nAll people who have stable jobs are people who work regularly.\nPeople who work regularly do not frequently disobey their bosses.\nMary either frequently disobeys her bosses and works regularly, or that she neither frequently disobeys her bosses nor works regularly.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mary lives in Manhattan and is a young working professional who has a regular 9-5 job.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 329, + "example_id": 844, + "original_premises": "All young working professionals who have regular 9-5 jobs have stable jobs.\nSome people living in Manhattan are young professionals with regular 9-5 jobs.\nAll people who have stable jobs are people who work regularly.\nPeople who work regularly do not frequently disobey their bosses.\nMary either frequently disobeys her bosses and works regularly, or that she neither frequently disobeys her bosses nor works regularly.", + "original_conclusion": "Mary lives in Manhattan and is a young working professional who has a regular 9-5 job." + }, + { + "id": "folio_845", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll young working professionals who have regular 9-5 jobs have stable jobs.\nSome people living in Manhattan are young professionals with regular 9-5 jobs.\nAll people who have stable jobs are people who work regularly.\nPeople who work regularly do not frequently disobey their bosses.\nMary either frequently disobeys her bosses and works regularly, or that she neither frequently disobeys her bosses nor works regularly.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Mary is a young working professional who has a regular 9-5 job, then Mary does not live in Manhattan.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 329, + "example_id": 845, + "original_premises": "All young working professionals who have regular 9-5 jobs have stable jobs.\nSome people living in Manhattan are young professionals with regular 9-5 jobs.\nAll people who have stable jobs are people who work regularly.\nPeople who work regularly do not frequently disobey their bosses.\nMary either frequently disobeys her bosses and works regularly, or that she neither frequently disobeys her bosses nor works regularly.", + "original_conclusion": "If Mary is a young working professional who has a regular 9-5 job, then Mary does not live in Manhattan." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1081", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll brain study designs are either block designs or event-related designs. \nAll event-related brain study designs are brain image acquisition.\nAll brain image acquisition in brain study designs is preceded by data processing.\nNothing in brain study designs preceded by data processing analyzes data.\nPicture memory is a type of brain study design that is not either event-related or analyzing data.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Picture memory is a block design.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 397, + "example_id": 1081, + "original_premises": "All brain study designs are either block designs or event-related designs. \nAll event-related brain study designs are brain image acquisition.\nAll brain image acquisition in brain study designs is preceded by data processing.\nNothing in brain study designs preceded by data processing analyzes data.\nPicture memory is a type of brain study design that is not either event-related or analyzing data.", + "original_conclusion": "Picture memory is a block design." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1082", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll brain study designs are either block designs or event-related designs. \nAll event-related brain study designs are brain image acquisition.\nAll brain image acquisition in brain study designs is preceded by data processing.\nNothing in brain study designs preceded by data processing analyzes data.\nPicture memory is a type of brain study design that is not either event-related or analyzing data.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Picture memory is either a block design or analyzing data.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 397, + "example_id": 1082, + "original_premises": "All brain study designs are either block designs or event-related designs. \nAll event-related brain study designs are brain image acquisition.\nAll brain image acquisition in brain study designs is preceded by data processing.\nNothing in brain study designs preceded by data processing analyzes data.\nPicture memory is a type of brain study design that is not either event-related or analyzing data.", + "original_conclusion": "Picture memory is either a block design or analyzing data." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1083", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll brain study designs are either block designs or event-related designs. \nAll event-related brain study designs are brain image acquisition.\nAll brain image acquisition in brain study designs is preceded by data processing.\nNothing in brain study designs preceded by data processing analyzes data.\nPicture memory is a type of brain study design that is not either event-related or analyzing data.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If picture memory is not analyzing data, then picture memory is a block design and analyzing data.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 397, + "example_id": 1083, + "original_premises": "All brain study designs are either block designs or event-related designs. \nAll event-related brain study designs are brain image acquisition.\nAll brain image acquisition in brain study designs is preceded by data processing.\nNothing in brain study designs preceded by data processing analyzes data.\nPicture memory is a type of brain study design that is not either event-related or analyzing data.", + "original_conclusion": "If picture memory is not analyzing data, then picture memory is a block design and analyzing data." + }, + { + "id": "folio_925", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll disposables are designed to be used only once.\nSome items used in Tom's house are eco-friendly.\nEvery item used in Tom's house is either disposable or reusable. \nIf something is made from metal, then it is not made from plastic. \nAll reusable items used in Tom's house are made from metal.\nThe chopsticks used in Tom's house are either made from metals and plastics, or that they are neither made from metals nor plastics.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The chopsticks used in Tom's house are eco-friendly or designed to be used only once.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 349, + "example_id": 925, + "original_premises": "All disposables are designed to be used only once.\nSome items used in Tom's house are eco-friendly.\nEvery item used in Tom's house is either disposable or reusable. \nIf something is made from metal, then it is not made from plastic. \nAll reusable items used in Tom's house are made from metal.\nThe chopsticks used in Tom's house are either made from metals and plastics, or that they are neither made from metals nor plastics.", + "original_conclusion": "The chopsticks used in Tom's house are eco-friendly or designed to be used only once." + }, + { + "id": "folio_926", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll disposables are designed to be used only once.\nSome items used in Tom's house are eco-friendly.\nEvery item used in Tom's house is either disposable or reusable. \nIf something is made from metal, then it is not made from plastic. \nAll reusable items used in Tom's house are made from metal.\nThe chopsticks used in Tom's house are either made from metals and plastics, or that they are neither made from metals nor plastics.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If chopsticks used in Tom's house are made from plastic or designed to be used only once, then they are made from plastic and are eco-friendly.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 349, + "example_id": 926, + "original_premises": "All disposables are designed to be used only once.\nSome items used in Tom's house are eco-friendly.\nEvery item used in Tom's house is either disposable or reusable. \nIf something is made from metal, then it is not made from plastic. \nAll reusable items used in Tom's house are made from metal.\nThe chopsticks used in Tom's house are either made from metals and plastics, or that they are neither made from metals nor plastics.", + "original_conclusion": "If chopsticks used in Tom's house are made from plastic or designed to be used only once, then they are made from plastic and are eco-friendly." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1281", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAnything lazy is unproductive.\nNo one unproductive is energetic.\nIf something is a sloth, then it is lazy.\nSome animals are sloths.\nSid is neither an energetic person nor a sloth.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Sid is an energetic person and an animal.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 445, + "example_id": 1281, + "original_premises": "Anything lazy is unproductive.\nNo one unproductive is energetic.\nIf something is a sloth, then it is lazy.\nSome animals are sloths.\nSid is neither an energetic person nor a sloth.", + "original_conclusion": "Sid is an energetic person and an animal." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1282", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAnything lazy is unproductive.\nNo one unproductive is energetic.\nIf something is a sloth, then it is lazy.\nSome animals are sloths.\nSid is neither an energetic person nor a sloth.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Sid is either an animal or unproductive, then Sid is not an energetic person.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 445, + "example_id": 1282, + "original_premises": "Anything lazy is unproductive.\nNo one unproductive is energetic.\nIf something is a sloth, then it is lazy.\nSome animals are sloths.\nSid is neither an energetic person nor a sloth.", + "original_conclusion": "If Sid is either an animal or unproductive, then Sid is not an energetic person." + }, + { + "id": "folio_539", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEuropean soccer clubs can attend UCL, UEL, and UECL.\nA soccer club eligible to attend UCL has a higher ranking than a soccer club eligible to attend UEL.\nA soccer club eligible to attend UEL has a higher ranking than a soccer club eligible to attend UECL.\nManchester United and Machester City are both European soccer clubs.\nManchester United is eligible to attend UEL next season.\nManchester City is eligible to attend UCL next season.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Manchester City has a higher ranking than Manchester United.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 187, + "example_id": 539, + "original_premises": "European soccer clubs can attend UCL, UEL, and UECL.\nA soccer club eligible to attend UCL has a higher ranking than a soccer club eligible to attend UEL.\nA soccer club eligible to attend UEL has a higher ranking than a soccer club eligible to attend UECL.\nManchester United and Machester City are both European soccer clubs.\nManchester United is eligible to attend UEL next season.\nManchester City is eligible to attend UCL next season.", + "original_conclusion": "Manchester City has a higher ranking than Manchester United." + }, + { + "id": "folio_192", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a person coaches a football club, the person is a football coach.\nIf a person has a position in a club in a year, and the club is in NFL in the same year, the person plays in NFL.\nMinnesota Vikings is a football club.\nDennis Green coached Minnesota Vikings.\nCris Carter had 13 touchdown receptions.\nMinnesota Vikings were in the National Football League in 1997.\nJohn Randle was Minnesota Vikings defensive tackle in 1997.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Dennis Green is a football coach.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 65, + "example_id": 192, + "original_premises": "If a person coaches a football club, the person is a football coach.\nIf a person has a position in a club in a year, and the club is in NFL in the same year, the person plays in NFL.\nMinnesota Vikings is a football club.\nDennis Green coached Minnesota Vikings.\nCris Carter had 13 touchdown receptions.\nMinnesota Vikings were in the National Football League in 1997.\nJohn Randle was Minnesota Vikings defensive tackle in 1997.", + "original_conclusion": "Dennis Green is a football coach." + }, + { + "id": "folio_193", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a person coaches a football club, the person is a football coach.\nIf a person has a position in a club in a year, and the club is in NFL in the same year, the person plays in NFL.\nMinnesota Vikings is a football club.\nDennis Green coached Minnesota Vikings.\nCris Carter had 13 touchdown receptions.\nMinnesota Vikings were in the National Football League in 1997.\nJohn Randle was Minnesota Vikings defensive tackle in 1997.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: John Randle didn't play in the National Football League.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 65, + "example_id": 193, + "original_premises": "If a person coaches a football club, the person is a football coach.\nIf a person has a position in a club in a year, and the club is in NFL in the same year, the person plays in NFL.\nMinnesota Vikings is a football club.\nDennis Green coached Minnesota Vikings.\nCris Carter had 13 touchdown receptions.\nMinnesota Vikings were in the National Football League in 1997.\nJohn Randle was Minnesota Vikings defensive tackle in 1997.", + "original_conclusion": "John Randle didn't play in the National Football League." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1333", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall that are used for lectures are booked during the day. \nNone of the classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are private study spots.\nAll classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are used for lectures or used for office hours.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is booked in the evening, then it is not freely usable at night.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is used for office hours, then it is booked in the evening.\nRoom 116 is a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall that is either both used for lecture and used for office hours or not used for either.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Room 116 is a private study spot.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 462, + "example_id": 1333, + "original_premises": "All classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall that are used for lectures are booked during the day. \nNone of the classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are private study spots.\nAll classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are used for lectures or used for office hours.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is booked in the evening, then it is not freely usable at night.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is used for office hours, then it is booked in the evening.\nRoom 116 is a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall that is either both used for lecture and used for office hours or not used for either.", + "original_conclusion": "Room 116 is a private study spot." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1334", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall that are used for lectures are booked during the day. \nNone of the classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are private study spots.\nAll classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are used for lectures or used for office hours.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is booked in the evening, then it is not freely usable at night.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is used for office hours, then it is booked in the evening.\nRoom 116 is a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall that is either both used for lecture and used for office hours or not used for either.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Room 116 is either both booked during the day and freely usable at night, or neither, then it is either used for office hours or for private study spots.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 462, + "example_id": 1334, + "original_premises": "All classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall that are used for lectures are booked during the day. \nNone of the classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are private study spots.\nAll classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are used for lectures or used for office hours.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is booked in the evening, then it is not freely usable at night.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is used for office hours, then it is booked in the evening.\nRoom 116 is a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall that is either both used for lecture and used for office hours or not used for either.", + "original_conclusion": "If Room 116 is either both booked during the day and freely usable at night, or neither, then it is either used for office hours or for private study spots." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1335", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall that are used for lectures are booked during the day. \nNone of the classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are private study spots.\nAll classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are used for lectures or used for office hours.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is booked in the evening, then it is not freely usable at night.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is used for office hours, then it is booked in the evening.\nRoom 116 is a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall that is either both used for lecture and used for office hours or not used for either.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Room 116 is not both a private study spot and freely useable at night, then it is either used for lectures or booked during the day.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 462, + "example_id": 1335, + "original_premises": "All classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall that are used for lectures are booked during the day. \nNone of the classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are private study spots.\nAll classrooms in William L. Harkness Hall are used for lectures or used for office hours.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is booked in the evening, then it is not freely usable at night.\nIf a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall is used for office hours, then it is booked in the evening.\nRoom 116 is a classroom in William L. Harkness Hall that is either both used for lecture and used for office hours or not used for either.", + "original_conclusion": "If Room 116 is not both a private study spot and freely useable at night, then it is either used for lectures or booked during the day." + }, + { + "id": "folio_299", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nShafaq-Asiman is a large complex of offshore geological structures in the Caspian Sea.\nBaku is northwest of Shafaq-Asiman.\nIf place A is northwest of place B, then place B is southeast of place A.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A large complex is southeast of Baku.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 99, + "example_id": 299, + "original_premises": "Shafaq-Asiman is a large complex of offshore geological structures in the Caspian Sea.\nBaku is northwest of Shafaq-Asiman.\nIf place A is northwest of place B, then place B is southeast of place A.", + "original_conclusion": "A large complex is southeast of Baku." + }, + { + "id": "folio_300", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nShafaq-Asiman is a large complex of offshore geological structures in the Caspian Sea.\nBaku is northwest of Shafaq-Asiman.\nIf place A is northwest of place B, then place B is southeast of place A.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Baku is not northwest of offshore geological structures.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 99, + "example_id": 300, + "original_premises": "Shafaq-Asiman is a large complex of offshore geological structures in the Caspian Sea.\nBaku is northwest of Shafaq-Asiman.\nIf place A is northwest of place B, then place B is southeast of place A.", + "original_conclusion": "Baku is not northwest of offshore geological structures." + }, + { + "id": "folio_213", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nHerodicus was a Greek physician, dietician, sophist, and gymnast.\nHerodicus was born in the city of Selymbria.\nSelymbria is a colony of the city-state Megara.\nOne of the tutors of Hippocrates was Herodicus.\nMassages were recommended by Herodicus.\nSome of the theories of Herodicus are considered to be the foundation of sports medicine.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Herodicus tutored Hippocrates.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 71, + "example_id": 213, + "original_premises": "Herodicus was a Greek physician, dietician, sophist, and gymnast.\nHerodicus was born in the city of Selymbria.\nSelymbria is a colony of the city-state Megara.\nOne of the tutors of Hippocrates was Herodicus.\nMassages were recommended by Herodicus.\nSome of the theories of Herodicus are considered to be the foundation of sports medicine.", + "original_conclusion": "Herodicus tutored Hippocrates." + }, + { + "id": "folio_216", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nHerodicus was a Greek physician, dietician, sophist, and gymnast.\nHerodicus was born in the city of Selymbria.\nSelymbria is a colony of the city-state Megara.\nOne of the tutors of Hippocrates was Herodicus.\nMassages were recommended by Herodicus.\nSome of the theories of Herodicus are considered to be the foundation of sports medicine.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Herodicus did not recommend massages.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 71, + "example_id": 216, + "original_premises": "Herodicus was a Greek physician, dietician, sophist, and gymnast.\nHerodicus was born in the city of Selymbria.\nSelymbria is a colony of the city-state Megara.\nOne of the tutors of Hippocrates was Herodicus.\nMassages were recommended by Herodicus.\nSome of the theories of Herodicus are considered to be the foundation of sports medicine.", + "original_conclusion": "Herodicus did not recommend massages." + }, + { + "id": "folio_217", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nHerodicus was a Greek physician, dietician, sophist, and gymnast.\nHerodicus was born in the city of Selymbria.\nSelymbria is a colony of the city-state Megara.\nOne of the tutors of Hippocrates was Herodicus.\nMassages were recommended by Herodicus.\nSome of the theories of Herodicus are considered to be the foundation of sports medicine.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Herodicus was born in a colony of a city-state.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 71, + "example_id": 217, + "original_premises": "Herodicus was a Greek physician, dietician, sophist, and gymnast.\nHerodicus was born in the city of Selymbria.\nSelymbria is a colony of the city-state Megara.\nOne of the tutors of Hippocrates was Herodicus.\nMassages were recommended by Herodicus.\nSome of the theories of Herodicus are considered to be the foundation of sports medicine.", + "original_conclusion": "Herodicus was born in a colony of a city-state." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1259", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNone of the kids in our family love the opera.\nAll of the adults in our family love the opera.\nIf someone in our family is a scientist, then they are an adult.\nSome students in our family are kids.\nBilly is a kid in our family.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Billy is a student and a scientist.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 438, + "example_id": 1259, + "original_premises": "None of the kids in our family love the opera.\nAll of the adults in our family love the opera.\nIf someone in our family is a scientist, then they are an adult.\nSome students in our family are kids.\nBilly is a kid in our family.", + "original_conclusion": "Billy is a student and a scientist." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1260", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNone of the kids in our family love the opera.\nAll of the adults in our family love the opera.\nIf someone in our family is a scientist, then they are an adult.\nSome students in our family are kids.\nBilly is a kid in our family.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Billy is a student or a scientist, then Billy is a student and a kid.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 438, + "example_id": 1260, + "original_premises": "None of the kids in our family love the opera.\nAll of the adults in our family love the opera.\nIf someone in our family is a scientist, then they are an adult.\nSome students in our family are kids.\nBilly is a kid in our family.", + "original_conclusion": "If Billy is a student or a scientist, then Billy is a student and a kid." + }, + { + "id": "folio_204", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBrian Winter is a Scottish football referee.\nAfter being injured, Brian Winter retired in 2012.\nBrian Winter was appointed as a referee observer after his retirement.\nSome football referees become referee observers.\nThe son of Brian Winter, Andy Winter, is a football player who plays for Hamilton Academical.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There is a son of a referee observer that plays football.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 69, + "example_id": 204, + "original_premises": "Brian Winter is a Scottish football referee.\nAfter being injured, Brian Winter retired in 2012.\nBrian Winter was appointed as a referee observer after his retirement.\nSome football referees become referee observers.\nThe son of Brian Winter, Andy Winter, is a football player who plays for Hamilton Academical.", + "original_conclusion": "There is a son of a referee observer that plays football." + }, + { + "id": "folio_205", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBrian Winter is a Scottish football referee.\nAfter being injured, Brian Winter retired in 2012.\nBrian Winter was appointed as a referee observer after his retirement.\nSome football referees become referee observers.\nThe son of Brian Winter, Andy Winter, is a football player who plays for Hamilton Academical.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Brian Winter was not a referee observer.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 69, + "example_id": 205, + "original_premises": "Brian Winter is a Scottish football referee.\nAfter being injured, Brian Winter retired in 2012.\nBrian Winter was appointed as a referee observer after his retirement.\nSome football referees become referee observers.\nThe son of Brian Winter, Andy Winter, is a football player who plays for Hamilton Academical.", + "original_conclusion": "Brian Winter was not a referee observer." + }, + { + "id": "folio_206", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBrian Winter is a Scottish football referee.\nAfter being injured, Brian Winter retired in 2012.\nBrian Winter was appointed as a referee observer after his retirement.\nSome football referees become referee observers.\nThe son of Brian Winter, Andy Winter, is a football player who plays for Hamilton Academical.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Brian Winter is retired.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 69, + "example_id": 206, + "original_premises": "Brian Winter is a Scottish football referee.\nAfter being injured, Brian Winter retired in 2012.\nBrian Winter was appointed as a referee observer after his retirement.\nSome football referees become referee observers.\nThe son of Brian Winter, Andy Winter, is a football player who plays for Hamilton Academical.", + "original_conclusion": "Brian Winter is retired." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1101", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Erica is interested in puzzles and is creative.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 401, + "example_id": 1101, + "original_premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", + "original_conclusion": "Erica is interested in puzzles and is creative." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1102", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Erica is either interested in puzzles or is creative.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 401, + "example_id": 1102, + "original_premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", + "original_conclusion": "Erica is either interested in puzzles or is creative." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1103", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Erica plans ahead or plays a lot of chess matches, then Erica is not interested in puzzles and creative.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 401, + "example_id": 1103, + "original_premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", + "original_conclusion": "If Erica plans ahead or plays a lot of chess matches, then Erica is not interested in puzzles and creative." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1104", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Erica is creative, then Erica is not interested in puzzles and creative.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 401, + "example_id": 1104, + "original_premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", + "original_conclusion": "If Erica is creative, then Erica is not interested in puzzles and creative." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1105", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Erica is interested in puzzles and is creative, then Erica is not creative.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 401, + "example_id": 1105, + "original_premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", + "original_conclusion": "If Erica is interested in puzzles and is creative, then Erica is not creative." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1106", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Erica either plays a lot of chess matches or is creative, then Erica is neither interested in puzzles nor a person who plays a lot of chess matches.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 401, + "example_id": 1106, + "original_premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", + "original_conclusion": "If Erica either plays a lot of chess matches or is creative, then Erica is neither interested in puzzles nor a person who plays a lot of chess matches." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1107", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Erica is interested in puzzles and plays a lot of chess matches, then Erica is either a person who plays a lot of chess matches or a person that is creative.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 401, + "example_id": 1107, + "original_premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", + "original_conclusion": "If Erica is interested in puzzles and plays a lot of chess matches, then Erica is either a person who plays a lot of chess matches or a person that is creative." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1108", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Erica plans ahead or is interested in puzzles, then Erica is creative.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 401, + "example_id": 1108, + "original_premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", + "original_conclusion": "If Erica plans ahead or is interested in puzzles, then Erica is creative." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1109", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEveryone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Erica is either bad at chess or interested in puzzles, then Erica is not a person who plays a lot of chess matches and creative.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 401, + "example_id": 1109, + "original_premises": "Everyone at 'Board Game night' is interested in puzzles, or they are bad at chess, or both.\nIf a person at 'Board Game night' is bad at chess, then they don't play a lot of chess.\nThere is a person at 'Board Game night' who is either a planner or a creative person.\nErica is at 'Board Game night,' and she is someone who plays a lot of chess.\nIf Erica is neither bad at chess nor creative, then Erica is either someone who plans and is creative, or she is neither of these things.", + "original_conclusion": "If Erica is either bad at chess or interested in puzzles, then Erica is not a person who plays a lot of chess matches and creative." + }, + { + "id": "folio_373", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSoccer players have a right foot and a left foot.\nTop soccer players are soccer players who can use both the left foot and right foot very efficiently.\nIf a soccer player can score many goals using the left foot, they can use that foot very efficiently.\nIf a soccer player can score many goals using the right foot, they can use that foot very efficiently.\nCristiano Ronaldo is a soccer player.\nCristiano Ronaldo can use his right foot very efficiently.\nCristiano Ronaldo has scored many goals using his left foot.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Cristiano Ronaldo is a top soccer player.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 125, + "example_id": 373, + "original_premises": "Soccer players have a right foot and a left foot.\nTop soccer players are soccer players who can use both the left foot and right foot very efficiently.\nIf a soccer player can score many goals using the left foot, they can use that foot very efficiently.\nIf a soccer player can score many goals using the right foot, they can use that foot very efficiently.\nCristiano Ronaldo is a soccer player.\nCristiano Ronaldo can use his right foot very efficiently.\nCristiano Ronaldo has scored many goals using his left foot.", + "original_conclusion": "Cristiano Ronaldo is a top soccer player." + }, + { + "id": "folio_374", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSoccer players have a right foot and a left foot.\nTop soccer players are soccer players who can use both the left foot and right foot very efficiently.\nIf a soccer player can score many goals using the left foot, they can use that foot very efficiently.\nIf a soccer player can score many goals using the right foot, they can use that foot very efficiently.\nCristiano Ronaldo is a soccer player.\nCristiano Ronaldo can use his right foot very efficiently.\nCristiano Ronaldo has scored many goals using his left foot.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Cristiano Ronaldo is not a top soccer player.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 125, + "example_id": 374, + "original_premises": "Soccer players have a right foot and a left foot.\nTop soccer players are soccer players who can use both the left foot and right foot very efficiently.\nIf a soccer player can score many goals using the left foot, they can use that foot very efficiently.\nIf a soccer player can score many goals using the right foot, they can use that foot very efficiently.\nCristiano Ronaldo is a soccer player.\nCristiano Ronaldo can use his right foot very efficiently.\nCristiano Ronaldo has scored many goals using his left foot.", + "original_conclusion": "Cristiano Ronaldo is not a top soccer player." + }, + { + "id": "folio_509", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe National Lobster Hatchery is a hatchery located in Padstow, England.\nThe National Lobster Hatchery is open to visitors.\nA hatchery is either for profit or for conservation.\nIf a hatchery is for conservation, it might release animals into the wild.\nThe National Lobster Hatchery is not for profit.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The National Lobster Hatchery is for conservation.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 177, + "example_id": 509, + "original_premises": "The National Lobster Hatchery is a hatchery located in Padstow, England.\nThe National Lobster Hatchery is open to visitors.\nA hatchery is either for profit or for conservation.\nIf a hatchery is for conservation, it might release animals into the wild.\nThe National Lobster Hatchery is not for profit.", + "original_conclusion": "The National Lobster Hatchery is for conservation." + }, + { + "id": "folio_632", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRhos Aelwyd F.C. is a Welsh football club.\nRhos Aelwyd F.C. is the only football club located in Ponciau. \nThe Premier Division was won in June 2005 by a team from Ponciau. \nThe winner of the Premier Division in October 2009 was promoted to the Cymru Alliance.\nThe Premier Division in October 2009 was won by the same team that won in June 2005. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Rhos Aelwyd F.C. won Premier Division in June 2005.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 224, + "example_id": 632, + "original_premises": "Rhos Aelwyd F.C. is a Welsh football club.\nRhos Aelwyd F.C. is the only football club located in Ponciau. \nThe Premier Division was won in June 2005 by a team from Ponciau. \nThe winner of the Premier Division in October 2009 was promoted to the Cymru Alliance.\nThe Premier Division in October 2009 was won by the same team that won in June 2005. ", + "original_conclusion": "Rhos Aelwyd F.C. won Premier Division in June 2005." + }, + { + "id": "folio_633", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRhos Aelwyd F.C. is a Welsh football club.\nRhos Aelwyd F.C. is the only football club located in Ponciau. \nThe Premier Division was won in June 2005 by a team from Ponciau. \nThe winner of the Premier Division in October 2009 was promoted to the Cymru Alliance.\nThe Premier Division in October 2009 was won by the same team that won in June 2005. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Rhos Aelwyd F.C. was promoted to the Cymru Alliance.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 224, + "example_id": 633, + "original_premises": "Rhos Aelwyd F.C. is a Welsh football club.\nRhos Aelwyd F.C. is the only football club located in Ponciau. \nThe Premier Division was won in June 2005 by a team from Ponciau. \nThe winner of the Premier Division in October 2009 was promoted to the Cymru Alliance.\nThe Premier Division in October 2009 was won by the same team that won in June 2005. ", + "original_conclusion": "Rhos Aelwyd F.C. was promoted to the Cymru Alliance." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1359", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA Unix operating system used in the lab computers is a piece of software.\nAll versions of MacOS used in the lab computer are based on Unix operating systems.\nA lab computer uses either MacOS or Linux. \nAll Linux computers in the lab are convenient.\nAll software used in the lab computers is written with code.\nIf something is convenient in the lab computer, then it is popular.\nBurger is used in the lab computer, and it is written with code and a new version of MacOS.\nPyTorch is used in the lab computer, and PyTorch is neither a Linux system nor a piece of software.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: PyTorch is popular and written with code.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 470, + "example_id": 1359, + "original_premises": "A Unix operating system used in the lab computers is a piece of software.\nAll versions of MacOS used in the lab computer are based on Unix operating systems.\nA lab computer uses either MacOS or Linux. \nAll Linux computers in the lab are convenient.\nAll software used in the lab computers is written with code.\nIf something is convenient in the lab computer, then it is popular.\nBurger is used in the lab computer, and it is written with code and a new version of MacOS.\nPyTorch is used in the lab computer, and PyTorch is neither a Linux system nor a piece of software.", + "original_conclusion": "PyTorch is popular and written with code." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1360", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA Unix operating system used in the lab computers is a piece of software.\nAll versions of MacOS used in the lab computer are based on Unix operating systems.\nA lab computer uses either MacOS or Linux. \nAll Linux computers in the lab are convenient.\nAll software used in the lab computers is written with code.\nIf something is convenient in the lab computer, then it is popular.\nBurger is used in the lab computer, and it is written with code and a new version of MacOS.\nPyTorch is used in the lab computer, and PyTorch is neither a Linux system nor a piece of software.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: PyTorch is not popular and it is not written with code.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 470, + "example_id": 1360, + "original_premises": "A Unix operating system used in the lab computers is a piece of software.\nAll versions of MacOS used in the lab computer are based on Unix operating systems.\nA lab computer uses either MacOS or Linux. \nAll Linux computers in the lab are convenient.\nAll software used in the lab computers is written with code.\nIf something is convenient in the lab computer, then it is popular.\nBurger is used in the lab computer, and it is written with code and a new version of MacOS.\nPyTorch is used in the lab computer, and PyTorch is neither a Linux system nor a piece of software.", + "original_conclusion": "PyTorch is not popular and it is not written with code." + }, + { + "id": "folio_352", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRoads are made of either concrete or asphalt.\nRoads made of concrete last longer than roads made with asphalt.\nRoads made of asphalt are smoother than roads made of concrete.\nEveryone prefers the smoother of two roads. \nThe first road is made of concrete, and the second road is made of asphalt.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The first road will last longer than the second road.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 117, + "example_id": 352, + "original_premises": "Roads are made of either concrete or asphalt.\nRoads made of concrete last longer than roads made with asphalt.\nRoads made of asphalt are smoother than roads made of concrete.\nEveryone prefers the smoother of two roads. \nThe first road is made of concrete, and the second road is made of asphalt.", + "original_conclusion": "The first road will last longer than the second road." + }, + { + "id": "folio_353", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRoads are made of either concrete or asphalt.\nRoads made of concrete last longer than roads made with asphalt.\nRoads made of asphalt are smoother than roads made of concrete.\nEveryone prefers the smoother of two roads. \nThe first road is made of concrete, and the second road is made of asphalt.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The second road is not smoother than the first one.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 117, + "example_id": 353, + "original_premises": "Roads are made of either concrete or asphalt.\nRoads made of concrete last longer than roads made with asphalt.\nRoads made of asphalt are smoother than roads made of concrete.\nEveryone prefers the smoother of two roads. \nThe first road is made of concrete, and the second road is made of asphalt.", + "original_conclusion": "The second road is not smoother than the first one." + }, + { + "id": "folio_354", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRoads are made of either concrete or asphalt.\nRoads made of concrete last longer than roads made with asphalt.\nRoads made of asphalt are smoother than roads made of concrete.\nEveryone prefers the smoother of two roads. \nThe first road is made of concrete, and the second road is made of asphalt.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: John prefers the second road.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 117, + "example_id": 354, + "original_premises": "Roads are made of either concrete or asphalt.\nRoads made of concrete last longer than roads made with asphalt.\nRoads made of asphalt are smoother than roads made of concrete.\nEveryone prefers the smoother of two roads. \nThe first road is made of concrete, and the second road is made of asphalt.", + "original_conclusion": "John prefers the second road." + }, + { + "id": "folio_225", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nCamp Davern is a traditional summer camp for boys and girls.\nCamp Davern was established in the year 1946.\nCamp Davern was operated by the YMCA until the year 2015.\nCamp Davern is an old summer camp.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: One of Ontario's oldest summer camps is a traditional summer camp for boys and girls.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 74, + "example_id": 225, + "original_premises": "Camp Davern is a traditional summer camp for boys and girls.\nCamp Davern was established in the year 1946.\nCamp Davern was operated by the YMCA until the year 2015.\nCamp Davern is an old summer camp.", + "original_conclusion": "One of Ontario's oldest summer camps is a traditional summer camp for boys and girls." + }, + { + "id": "folio_226", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nCamp Davern is a traditional summer camp for boys and girls.\nCamp Davern was established in the year 1946.\nCamp Davern was operated by the YMCA until the year 2015.\nCamp Davern is an old summer camp.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A traditional summer camp for boys and girls was operated by the YMCA until the year 2015.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 74, + "example_id": 226, + "original_premises": "Camp Davern is a traditional summer camp for boys and girls.\nCamp Davern was established in the year 1946.\nCamp Davern was operated by the YMCA until the year 2015.\nCamp Davern is an old summer camp.", + "original_conclusion": "A traditional summer camp for boys and girls was operated by the YMCA until the year 2015." + }, + { + "id": "folio_991", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf Emily's friends publish journals, then they do not work in the entertainment industry.\nAll of Emily's friends who are award-winning novelists publish journals.\nEmily's friends work in the entertainment industry or are highly acclaimed in their profession.\nIf Emily's friends are highly acclaimed in their profession, then they often hold tenured and high-ranking positions at their workplace.\nIf Emily's friends are highly acclaimed in their profession, then they often receive glowing feedback and recommendations from their colleagues.\nTaylor is Emily's friend.\nIt is not true that Taylor both holds highly acclaimed in her profession and often holds tenured and high-ranking positions at her workplace.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Taylor is Emily's friend and she often receives glowing feedback and recommendations from their colleagues and is an award-winning novelist.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 372, + "example_id": 991, + "original_premises": "If Emily's friends publish journals, then they do not work in the entertainment industry.\nAll of Emily's friends who are award-winning novelists publish journals.\nEmily's friends work in the entertainment industry or are highly acclaimed in their profession.\nIf Emily's friends are highly acclaimed in their profession, then they often hold tenured and high-ranking positions at their workplace.\nIf Emily's friends are highly acclaimed in their profession, then they often receive glowing feedback and recommendations from their colleagues.\nTaylor is Emily's friend.\nIt is not true that Taylor both holds highly acclaimed in her profession and often holds tenured and high-ranking positions at her workplace.", + "original_conclusion": "Taylor is Emily's friend and she often receives glowing feedback and recommendations from their colleagues and is an award-winning novelist." + }, + { + "id": "folio_992", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf Emily's friends publish journals, then they do not work in the entertainment industry.\nAll of Emily's friends who are award-winning novelists publish journals.\nEmily's friends work in the entertainment industry or are highly acclaimed in their profession.\nIf Emily's friends are highly acclaimed in their profession, then they often hold tenured and high-ranking positions at their workplace.\nIf Emily's friends are highly acclaimed in their profession, then they often receive glowing feedback and recommendations from their colleagues.\nTaylor is Emily's friend.\nIt is not true that Taylor both holds highly acclaimed in her profession and often holds tenured and high-ranking positions at her workplace.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Taylor is Emily's friend and she does not both publish journals and is an award-winning novelist.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 372, + "example_id": 992, + "original_premises": "If Emily's friends publish journals, then they do not work in the entertainment industry.\nAll of Emily's friends who are award-winning novelists publish journals.\nEmily's friends work in the entertainment industry or are highly acclaimed in their profession.\nIf Emily's friends are highly acclaimed in their profession, then they often hold tenured and high-ranking positions at their workplace.\nIf Emily's friends are highly acclaimed in their profession, then they often receive glowing feedback and recommendations from their colleagues.\nTaylor is Emily's friend.\nIt is not true that Taylor both holds highly acclaimed in her profession and often holds tenured and high-ranking positions at her workplace.", + "original_conclusion": "Taylor is Emily's friend and she does not both publish journals and is an award-winning novelist." + }, + { + "id": "folio_25", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThick as Thieves is a young adult fantasy novel written by Megan Whalen Turner.\nThick as Thieves was published by Greenwillow Books.\nIf a book was published by a company, then the author of that book worked with the company that published the book.\nThe fictional Mede Empire is where Thick as Thieves is set.\nThe Mede Empire plots to swallow up some nearby countries.\nAttolia and Sounis are countries near the Mede Empire.\nThick as Thieves was sold both as a hardcover and an e-book.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Megan Whalen Turner worked with Greenwillow Books.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 10, + "example_id": 25, + "original_premises": "Thick as Thieves is a young adult fantasy novel written by Megan Whalen Turner.\nThick as Thieves was published by Greenwillow Books.\nIf a book was published by a company, then the author of that book worked with the company that published the book.\nThe fictional Mede Empire is where Thick as Thieves is set.\nThe Mede Empire plots to swallow up some nearby countries.\nAttolia and Sounis are countries near the Mede Empire.\nThick as Thieves was sold both as a hardcover and an e-book.", + "original_conclusion": "Megan Whalen Turner worked with Greenwillow Books." + }, + { + "id": "folio_27", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThick as Thieves is a young adult fantasy novel written by Megan Whalen Turner.\nThick as Thieves was published by Greenwillow Books.\nIf a book was published by a company, then the author of that book worked with the company that published the book.\nThe fictional Mede Empire is where Thick as Thieves is set.\nThe Mede Empire plots to swallow up some nearby countries.\nAttolia and Sounis are countries near the Mede Empire.\nThick as Thieves was sold both as a hardcover and an e-book.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Thick as Thieves is not set in the Mede Empire.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 10, + "example_id": 27, + "original_premises": "Thick as Thieves is a young adult fantasy novel written by Megan Whalen Turner.\nThick as Thieves was published by Greenwillow Books.\nIf a book was published by a company, then the author of that book worked with the company that published the book.\nThe fictional Mede Empire is where Thick as Thieves is set.\nThe Mede Empire plots to swallow up some nearby countries.\nAttolia and Sounis are countries near the Mede Empire.\nThick as Thieves was sold both as a hardcover and an e-book.", + "original_conclusion": "Thick as Thieves is not set in the Mede Empire." + }, + { + "id": "folio_28", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThick as Thieves is a young adult fantasy novel written by Megan Whalen Turner.\nThick as Thieves was published by Greenwillow Books.\nIf a book was published by a company, then the author of that book worked with the company that published the book.\nThe fictional Mede Empire is where Thick as Thieves is set.\nThe Mede Empire plots to swallow up some nearby countries.\nAttolia and Sounis are countries near the Mede Empire.\nThick as Thieves was sold both as a hardcover and an e-book.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Megan Whalen Turner did not work with Greenwillow Books.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 10, + "example_id": 28, + "original_premises": "Thick as Thieves is a young adult fantasy novel written by Megan Whalen Turner.\nThick as Thieves was published by Greenwillow Books.\nIf a book was published by a company, then the author of that book worked with the company that published the book.\nThe fictional Mede Empire is where Thick as Thieves is set.\nThe Mede Empire plots to swallow up some nearby countries.\nAttolia and Sounis are countries near the Mede Empire.\nThick as Thieves was sold both as a hardcover and an e-book.", + "original_conclusion": "Megan Whalen Turner did not work with Greenwillow Books." + }, + { + "id": "folio_350", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nWeTab is a MeeGo-based tablet computer.\nWeTab was announced by Neofonie.\nNeofonie is a German producer.\nGermans live in Germany or abroad. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There is a tablet computer announced by a German producer.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 116, + "example_id": 350, + "original_premises": "WeTab is a MeeGo-based tablet computer.\nWeTab was announced by Neofonie.\nNeofonie is a German producer.\nGermans live in Germany or abroad. ", + "original_conclusion": "There is a tablet computer announced by a German producer." + }, + { + "id": "folio_351", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nWeTab is a MeeGo-based tablet computer.\nWeTab was announced by Neofonie.\nNeofonie is a German producer.\nGermans live in Germany or abroad. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Neofonie doesn't speak English or German.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 116, + "example_id": 351, + "original_premises": "WeTab is a MeeGo-based tablet computer.\nWeTab was announced by Neofonie.\nNeofonie is a German producer.\nGermans live in Germany or abroad. ", + "original_conclusion": "Neofonie doesn't speak English or German." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1182", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome employees in James's town who work in business analysis are good at math. \nAll of the employees in James's town who work in business analysis are working for this company. \nNone of the employees in James's town who work for this company are from China. \nAll of the employees in James's town working in software engineering are from China. \nLeif is an employee in James's town, and he is working in software engineering. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Leif is not both good at math and working in business analysis.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 419, + "example_id": 1182, + "original_premises": "Some employees in James's town who work in business analysis are good at math. \nAll of the employees in James's town who work in business analysis are working for this company. \nNone of the employees in James's town who work for this company are from China. \nAll of the employees in James's town working in software engineering are from China. \nLeif is an employee in James's town, and he is working in software engineering. ", + "original_conclusion": "Leif is not both good at math and working in business analysis." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1183", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome employees in James's town who work in business analysis are good at math. \nAll of the employees in James's town who work in business analysis are working for this company. \nNone of the employees in James's town who work for this company are from China. \nAll of the employees in James's town working in software engineering are from China. \nLeif is an employee in James's town, and he is working in software engineering. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Leif is not both good at math and in business analysis, then he is neither working in this company nor working in software engineering.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 419, + "example_id": 1183, + "original_premises": "Some employees in James's town who work in business analysis are good at math. \nAll of the employees in James's town who work in business analysis are working for this company. \nNone of the employees in James's town who work for this company are from China. \nAll of the employees in James's town working in software engineering are from China. \nLeif is an employee in James's town, and he is working in software engineering. ", + "original_conclusion": "If Leif is not both good at math and in business analysis, then he is neither working in this company nor working in software engineering." + }, + { + "id": "folio_452", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe party provides five kinds of fruits: strawberry, orange, blueberry, grape, and cherry.\nIf the fruit had the lowest remaining weight at the end of the party, then it means it was the most popular fruit.\nAt the end of the party, strawberries had the lowest remaining weight.\nAt the end of the party, the number of leftover blueberries was lower than that of cherries.\nBenjamin only ate oranges and grapes at the party.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Benjamin ate blueberries at the party.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 157, + "example_id": 452, + "original_premises": "The party provides five kinds of fruits: strawberry, orange, blueberry, grape, and cherry.\nIf the fruit had the lowest remaining weight at the end of the party, then it means it was the most popular fruit.\nAt the end of the party, strawberries had the lowest remaining weight.\nAt the end of the party, the number of leftover blueberries was lower than that of cherries.\nBenjamin only ate oranges and grapes at the party.", + "original_conclusion": "Benjamin ate blueberries at the party." + }, + { + "id": "folio_186", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll students who attend in person have registered for the conference. \nStudents either attend the conference in person or remotely. \nNo students from China attend the conference remotely. \nJames attends the conference, but he does not attend the conference remotely.\nJack attends the conference, and he is a student from China.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James attends the conference but not in person.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 63, + "example_id": 186, + "original_premises": "All students who attend in person have registered for the conference. \nStudents either attend the conference in person or remotely. \nNo students from China attend the conference remotely. \nJames attends the conference, but he does not attend the conference remotely.\nJack attends the conference, and he is a student from China.", + "original_conclusion": "James attends the conference but not in person." + }, + { + "id": "folio_187", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll students who attend in person have registered for the conference. \nStudents either attend the conference in person or remotely. \nNo students from China attend the conference remotely. \nJames attends the conference, but he does not attend the conference remotely.\nJack attends the conference, and he is a student from China.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack attends the conference in person.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 63, + "example_id": 187, + "original_premises": "All students who attend in person have registered for the conference. \nStudents either attend the conference in person or remotely. \nNo students from China attend the conference remotely. \nJames attends the conference, but he does not attend the conference remotely.\nJack attends the conference, and he is a student from China.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack attends the conference in person." + }, + { + "id": "folio_188", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll students who attend in person have registered for the conference. \nStudents either attend the conference in person or remotely. \nNo students from China attend the conference remotely. \nJames attends the conference, but he does not attend the conference remotely.\nJack attends the conference, and he is a student from China.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack has registered for the conference.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 63, + "example_id": 188, + "original_premises": "All students who attend in person have registered for the conference. \nStudents either attend the conference in person or remotely. \nNo students from China attend the conference remotely. \nJames attends the conference, but he does not attend the conference remotely.\nJack attends the conference, and he is a student from China.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack has registered for the conference." + }, + { + "id": "folio_629", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDavid Ha'ivri is a political strategist. \nIf you are born in Israel to at least one Israeli parent, you receive Israeli citizenship at birth. \nDavid Ha'ivri emigrated to the United States from Israel, where he was born to Israeli parents. \nSeveral Zionist leaders have been elected to the Shomron Regional Municipal council. \nDavid Ha'ivri is a Zionist leader.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: David Ha'ivri is an Israeli citizen.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 223, + "example_id": 629, + "original_premises": "David Ha'ivri is a political strategist. \nIf you are born in Israel to at least one Israeli parent, you receive Israeli citizenship at birth. \nDavid Ha'ivri emigrated to the United States from Israel, where he was born to Israeli parents. \nSeveral Zionist leaders have been elected to the Shomron Regional Municipal council. \nDavid Ha'ivri is a Zionist leader.", + "original_conclusion": "David Ha'ivri is an Israeli citizen." + }, + { + "id": "folio_3", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nMary has the flu.\nIf someone has the flu, then they have influenza.\nSusan doesn't have influenza.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Either Mary or Susan has influenza.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 1, + "example_id": 3, + "original_premises": "Mary has the flu.\nIf someone has the flu, then they have influenza.\nSusan doesn't have influenza.", + "original_conclusion": "Either Mary or Susan has influenza." + }, + { + "id": "folio_120", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nJames Cocks was a British lawyer.\nJames Cocks was a Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons.\nA British is a European.\nAny lawyer is familiar with laws.\nSome Whigs speak French.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No lawyer ever sat in the House of Commons.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 42, + "example_id": 120, + "original_premises": "James Cocks was a British lawyer.\nJames Cocks was a Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons.\nA British is a European.\nAny lawyer is familiar with laws.\nSome Whigs speak French.", + "original_conclusion": "No lawyer ever sat in the House of Commons." + }, + { + "id": "folio_121", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nJames Cocks was a British lawyer.\nJames Cocks was a Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons.\nA British is a European.\nAny lawyer is familiar with laws.\nSome Whigs speak French.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Some European was familiar with laws.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 42, + "example_id": 121, + "original_premises": "James Cocks was a British lawyer.\nJames Cocks was a Whig politician who sat in the House of Commons.\nA British is a European.\nAny lawyer is familiar with laws.\nSome Whigs speak French.", + "original_conclusion": "Some European was familiar with laws." + }, + { + "id": "folio_364", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBeasts of Prey is a fantasy novel or a science fiction novel, or both.\nScience fiction novels are not about mythological creatures\nBeasts of Prey Is about a creature known as the Shetani.\nShetanis are mythological.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Beasts of prey is a fantasy novel.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 122, + "example_id": 364, + "original_premises": "Beasts of Prey is a fantasy novel or a science fiction novel, or both.\nScience fiction novels are not about mythological creatures\nBeasts of Prey Is about a creature known as the Shetani.\nShetanis are mythological.", + "original_conclusion": "Beasts of prey is a fantasy novel." + }, + { + "id": "folio_365", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBeasts of Prey is a fantasy novel or a science fiction novel, or both.\nScience fiction novels are not about mythological creatures\nBeasts of Prey Is about a creature known as the Shetani.\nShetanis are mythological.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Beasts of prey isn't a science fiction novel.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 122, + "example_id": 365, + "original_premises": "Beasts of Prey is a fantasy novel or a science fiction novel, or both.\nScience fiction novels are not about mythological creatures\nBeasts of Prey Is about a creature known as the Shetani.\nShetanis are mythological.", + "original_conclusion": "Beasts of prey isn't a science fiction novel." + }, + { + "id": "folio_366", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBeasts of Prey is a fantasy novel or a science fiction novel, or both.\nScience fiction novels are not about mythological creatures\nBeasts of Prey Is about a creature known as the Shetani.\nShetanis are mythological.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A shetani is either mythological or a creature.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 122, + "example_id": 366, + "original_premises": "Beasts of Prey is a fantasy novel or a science fiction novel, or both.\nScience fiction novels are not about mythological creatures\nBeasts of Prey Is about a creature known as the Shetani.\nShetanis are mythological.", + "original_conclusion": "A shetani is either mythological or a creature." + }, + { + "id": "folio_47", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nOdell is an English surname originating in Odell, Bedfordshire.\nIn some families, Odell is spelled O'Dell in a mistaken Irish adaptation.\nNotable people with surnames include Amy Odell, Jack Odell, and Mats Odell.\nAmy Odell is a British singer-songwriter.\nJack Odell is an English toy inventor.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jack Odell is a notable person.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 17, + "example_id": 47, + "original_premises": "Odell is an English surname originating in Odell, Bedfordshire.\nIn some families, Odell is spelled O'Dell in a mistaken Irish adaptation.\nNotable people with surnames include Amy Odell, Jack Odell, and Mats Odell.\nAmy Odell is a British singer-songwriter.\nJack Odell is an English toy inventor.", + "original_conclusion": "Jack Odell is a notable person." + }, + { + "id": "folio_48", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nOdell is an English surname originating in Odell, Bedfordshire.\nIn some families, Odell is spelled O'Dell in a mistaken Irish adaptation.\nNotable people with surnames include Amy Odell, Jack Odell, and Mats Odell.\nAmy Odell is a British singer-songwriter.\nJack Odell is an English toy inventor.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Odell is Amy Odell's surname.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 17, + "example_id": 48, + "original_premises": "Odell is an English surname originating in Odell, Bedfordshire.\nIn some families, Odell is spelled O'Dell in a mistaken Irish adaptation.\nNotable people with surnames include Amy Odell, Jack Odell, and Mats Odell.\nAmy Odell is a British singer-songwriter.\nJack Odell is an English toy inventor.", + "original_conclusion": "Odell is Amy Odell's surname." + }, + { + "id": "folio_479", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf you go somewhere by train, you will not lose time.\nIf you go somewhere by car and meet a traffic jam, you will lose time.\nIf you lose time, you will be late for work.\nMary can get from New Haven to New York City either by train or car.\nMary is late for work.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mary gets from New Haven to New York City by train.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 167, + "example_id": 479, + "original_premises": "If you go somewhere by train, you will not lose time.\nIf you go somewhere by car and meet a traffic jam, you will lose time.\nIf you lose time, you will be late for work.\nMary can get from New Haven to New York City either by train or car.\nMary is late for work.", + "original_conclusion": "Mary gets from New Haven to New York City by train." + }, + { + "id": "folio_480", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf you go somewhere by train, you will not lose time.\nIf you go somewhere by car and meet a traffic jam, you will lose time.\nIf you lose time, you will be late for work.\nMary can get from New Haven to New York City either by train or car.\nMary is late for work.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mary gets from New Haven to New York City by car.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 167, + "example_id": 480, + "original_premises": "If you go somewhere by train, you will not lose time.\nIf you go somewhere by car and meet a traffic jam, you will lose time.\nIf you lose time, you will be late for work.\nMary can get from New Haven to New York City either by train or car.\nMary is late for work.", + "original_conclusion": "Mary gets from New Haven to New York City by car." + }, + { + "id": "folio_765", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mary is an advocate.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 309, + "example_id": 765, + "original_premises": "Tipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.", + "original_conclusion": "Mary is an advocate." + }, + { + "id": "folio_766", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mary is not an advocate.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 309, + "example_id": 766, + "original_premises": "Tipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.", + "original_conclusion": "Mary is not an advocate." + }, + { + "id": "folio_767", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mary is either an advocate or a tipped employee.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 309, + "example_id": 767, + "original_premises": "Tipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.", + "original_conclusion": "Mary is either an advocate or a tipped employee." + }, + { + "id": "folio_768", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Mary is not both an advocate and is entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees, she is not a tipped employee.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 309, + "example_id": 768, + "original_premises": "Tipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.", + "original_conclusion": "If Mary is not both an advocate and is entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees, she is not a tipped employee." + }, + { + "id": "folio_769", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Mary is either an advocate or a tipped employee, she is an advocate.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 309, + "example_id": 769, + "original_premises": "Tipped employees are not entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nIf a person is a white-collar worker, they are entitled to be paid the federal minimum wage by their employees. \nAll lawyers are white-collar workers.\nEvery advocate is a lawyer.\nMary is not a lawyer or a tipped employee.", + "original_conclusion": "If Mary is either an advocate or a tipped employee, she is an advocate." + }, + { + "id": "folio_231", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAsa Hoffmann was born in New York City.\nAsa Hoffman lives in Manhattan.\nAsa Hoffman is a chess player.\nSome chess players are grandmasters.\nPeople born and living in New York City are New Yorkers.\nPeople living in Manhattan live in New York City.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Asa Hoffmann is a New Yorker.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 76, + "example_id": 231, + "original_premises": "Asa Hoffmann was born in New York City.\nAsa Hoffman lives in Manhattan.\nAsa Hoffman is a chess player.\nSome chess players are grandmasters.\nPeople born and living in New York City are New Yorkers.\nPeople living in Manhattan live in New York City.", + "original_conclusion": "Asa Hoffmann is a New Yorker." + }, + { + "id": "folio_233", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAsa Hoffmann was born in New York City.\nAsa Hoffman lives in Manhattan.\nAsa Hoffman is a chess player.\nSome chess players are grandmasters.\nPeople born and living in New York City are New Yorkers.\nPeople living in Manhattan live in New York City.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Asa Hoffmann does not live in New York.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 76, + "example_id": 233, + "original_premises": "Asa Hoffmann was born in New York City.\nAsa Hoffman lives in Manhattan.\nAsa Hoffman is a chess player.\nSome chess players are grandmasters.\nPeople born and living in New York City are New Yorkers.\nPeople living in Manhattan live in New York City.", + "original_conclusion": "Asa Hoffmann does not live in New York." + }, + { + "id": "folio_780", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome of those who apply for a Schengen visa get it.\nTo apply for a Schengen Visa, you need to provide financial guarantees.\nIf you need to provide financial guarantees, you must request documents from the bank.\nDo not close your bank account if you request documents from the bank.\nPhilip closed his bank account.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Philip applied for a Schengen visa and got it.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 313, + "example_id": 780, + "original_premises": "Some of those who apply for a Schengen visa get it.\nTo apply for a Schengen Visa, you need to provide financial guarantees.\nIf you need to provide financial guarantees, you must request documents from the bank.\nDo not close your bank account if you request documents from the bank.\nPhilip closed his bank account.", + "original_conclusion": "Philip applied for a Schengen visa and got it." + }, + { + "id": "folio_781", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome of those who apply for a Schengen visa get it.\nTo apply for a Schengen Visa, you need to provide financial guarantees.\nIf you need to provide financial guarantees, you must request documents from the bank.\nDo not close your bank account if you request documents from the bank.\nPhilip closed his bank account.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Philip did not request documents from the bank or get a Schengen visa, he didn\u2019t apply for a Schengen visa.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 313, + "example_id": 781, + "original_premises": "Some of those who apply for a Schengen visa get it.\nTo apply for a Schengen Visa, you need to provide financial guarantees.\nIf you need to provide financial guarantees, you must request documents from the bank.\nDo not close your bank account if you request documents from the bank.\nPhilip closed his bank account.", + "original_conclusion": "If Philip did not request documents from the bank or get a Schengen visa, he didn\u2019t apply for a Schengen visa." + }, + { + "id": "folio_594", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Great Lakes are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario.\nSome major settlements of Lake Erie are in NY, PA, OH, and MI.\nNY, PA, OH, and MI are states in the US.\nON is a state of Canada.\nThere is a major settlement of Lake Huron in ON. \nAll states are in their country.\nThe US is in North America.\nThe Great Lakes began to form at the end of the Last Glacial Period.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Lake Erie has a major settlement.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 208, + "example_id": 594, + "original_premises": "The Great Lakes are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario.\nSome major settlements of Lake Erie are in NY, PA, OH, and MI.\nNY, PA, OH, and MI are states in the US.\nON is a state of Canada.\nThere is a major settlement of Lake Huron in ON. \nAll states are in their country.\nThe US is in North America.\nThe Great Lakes began to form at the end of the Last Glacial Period.", + "original_conclusion": "Lake Erie has a major settlement." + }, + { + "id": "folio_595", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Great Lakes are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario.\nSome major settlements of Lake Erie are in NY, PA, OH, and MI.\nNY, PA, OH, and MI are states in the US.\nON is a state of Canada.\nThere is a major settlement of Lake Huron in ON. \nAll states are in their country.\nThe US is in North America.\nThe Great Lakes began to form at the end of the Last Glacial Period.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There is a great lake that did not form at the end of the Last Glacial Period.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 208, + "example_id": 595, + "original_premises": "The Great Lakes are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie, and Lake Ontario.\nSome major settlements of Lake Erie are in NY, PA, OH, and MI.\nNY, PA, OH, and MI are states in the US.\nON is a state of Canada.\nThere is a major settlement of Lake Huron in ON. \nAll states are in their country.\nThe US is in North America.\nThe Great Lakes began to form at the end of the Last Glacial Period.", + "original_conclusion": "There is a great lake that did not form at the end of the Last Glacial Period." + }, + { + "id": "folio_832", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll professional soccer defenders are professional soccer players.\nNo professional soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll professional centerbacks are professional soccer defenders.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nStephen Curry is an NBA player.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Stephen Curry is a professional centerback.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 325, + "example_id": 832, + "original_premises": "All professional soccer defenders are professional soccer players.\nNo professional soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll professional centerbacks are professional soccer defenders.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nStephen Curry is an NBA player.", + "original_conclusion": "Stephen Curry is a professional centerback." + }, + { + "id": "folio_833", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll professional soccer defenders are professional soccer players.\nNo professional soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll professional centerbacks are professional soccer defenders.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nStephen Curry is an NBA player.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Stephen Curry is not a centerback.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 325, + "example_id": 833, + "original_premises": "All professional soccer defenders are professional soccer players.\nNo professional soccer players are professional basketball players.\nAll professional centerbacks are professional soccer defenders.\nAll NBA players are professional basketball players.\nStephen Curry is an NBA player.", + "original_conclusion": "Stephen Curry is not a centerback." + }, + { + "id": "folio_90", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNaive cynicism was proposed by Justin Kruger and a colleague.\nThomas Gilovich is a colleague of Justin Kruger. \nNaive cynicism is a philosophy of mind.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Justin Kruger proposed a philosophy of mind.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 31, + "example_id": 90, + "original_premises": "Naive cynicism was proposed by Justin Kruger and a colleague.\nThomas Gilovich is a colleague of Justin Kruger. \nNaive cynicism is a philosophy of mind.", + "original_conclusion": "Justin Kruger proposed a philosophy of mind." + }, + { + "id": "folio_382", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Turing Award has been awarded to Donald Knuth, Marvin Minsky, Richard Hamming, and John McCarthy. \nDonald Knuth made contributions to the analysis of algorithms.\nMarvin Minsky is recognized for his contributions to the field of artificial intelligence.\nRichard Hamming researched numerical methods.\nJohn McCarthy made contributions to the field of artificial intelligence. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: At least two people who have won the Turing Award worked in artificial intelligence.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 129, + "example_id": 382, + "original_premises": "The Turing Award has been awarded to Donald Knuth, Marvin Minsky, Richard Hamming, and John McCarthy. \nDonald Knuth made contributions to the analysis of algorithms.\nMarvin Minsky is recognized for his contributions to the field of artificial intelligence.\nRichard Hamming researched numerical methods.\nJohn McCarthy made contributions to the field of artificial intelligence. ", + "original_conclusion": "At least two people who have won the Turing Award worked in artificial intelligence." + }, + { + "id": "folio_383", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Turing Award has been awarded to Donald Knuth, Marvin Minsky, Richard Hamming, and John McCarthy. \nDonald Knuth made contributions to the analysis of algorithms.\nMarvin Minsky is recognized for his contributions to the field of artificial intelligence.\nRichard Hamming researched numerical methods.\nJohn McCarthy made contributions to the field of artificial intelligence. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: At least two people who worked in artificial intelligence have won the Turing Award.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 129, + "example_id": 383, + "original_premises": "The Turing Award has been awarded to Donald Knuth, Marvin Minsky, Richard Hamming, and John McCarthy. \nDonald Knuth made contributions to the analysis of algorithms.\nMarvin Minsky is recognized for his contributions to the field of artificial intelligence.\nRichard Hamming researched numerical methods.\nJohn McCarthy made contributions to the field of artificial intelligence. ", + "original_conclusion": "At least two people who worked in artificial intelligence have won the Turing Award." + }, + { + "id": "folio_385", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe Turing Award has been awarded to Donald Knuth, Marvin Minsky, Richard Hamming, and John McCarthy. \nDonald Knuth made contributions to the analysis of algorithms.\nMarvin Minsky is recognized for his contributions to the field of artificial intelligence.\nRichard Hamming researched numerical methods.\nJohn McCarthy made contributions to the field of artificial intelligence. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No Turing Award winners worked in the field of numerical methods.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 129, + "example_id": 385, + "original_premises": "The Turing Award has been awarded to Donald Knuth, Marvin Minsky, Richard Hamming, and John McCarthy. \nDonald Knuth made contributions to the analysis of algorithms.\nMarvin Minsky is recognized for his contributions to the field of artificial intelligence.\nRichard Hamming researched numerical methods.\nJohn McCarthy made contributions to the field of artificial intelligence. ", + "original_conclusion": "No Turing Award winners worked in the field of numerical methods." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1221", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNone of the easy Leetcode problems have an AC rate lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems recommended to novices are easy. \nLeetcode problems either have an AC rate lower than 20 percent or are starred by more than 1 thousand users. \nAll hard Leetcode problems are starred by more than 1,000 users. \nNo Leetcode problems published after 2022 are starred by more than 1,000 users. \n'2Sum' is not both hard and also recommended to novices.\n'4Sum' is either starred by more than 1,000 users and published after 2022, or it is neither. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: 4Sum is recommended to novices or is hard.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 429, + "example_id": 1221, + "original_premises": "None of the easy Leetcode problems have an AC rate lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems recommended to novices are easy. \nLeetcode problems either have an AC rate lower than 20 percent or are starred by more than 1 thousand users. \nAll hard Leetcode problems are starred by more than 1,000 users. \nNo Leetcode problems published after 2022 are starred by more than 1,000 users. \n'2Sum' is not both hard and also recommended to novices.\n'4Sum' is either starred by more than 1,000 users and published after 2022, or it is neither. ", + "original_conclusion": "4Sum is recommended to novices or is hard." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1222", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNone of the easy Leetcode problems have an AC rate lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems recommended to novices are easy. \nLeetcode problems either have an AC rate lower than 20 percent or are starred by more than 1 thousand users. \nAll hard Leetcode problems are starred by more than 1,000 users. \nNo Leetcode problems published after 2022 are starred by more than 1,000 users. \n'2Sum' is not both hard and also recommended to novices.\n'4Sum' is either starred by more than 1,000 users and published after 2022, or it is neither. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: 4Sum is neither recommended to the novice nor a Leetcode problem that's hard.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 429, + "example_id": 1222, + "original_premises": "None of the easy Leetcode problems have an AC rate lower than 20 percent. \nAll Leetcode problems recommended to novices are easy. \nLeetcode problems either have an AC rate lower than 20 percent or are starred by more than 1 thousand users. \nAll hard Leetcode problems are starred by more than 1,000 users. \nNo Leetcode problems published after 2022 are starred by more than 1,000 users. \n'2Sum' is not both hard and also recommended to novices.\n'4Sum' is either starred by more than 1,000 users and published after 2022, or it is neither. ", + "original_conclusion": "4Sum is neither recommended to the novice nor a Leetcode problem that's hard." + }, + { + "id": "folio_318", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nShow Your Love is a song recorded by the South Korean boy band BtoB 4u.\nThe lead single of the extended play Inside is Show Your Love.\nShow Your Love contains a hopeful message.\nBtoB 4u member Hyunsik wrote Show Your Love.\nThere is a music video for Show Your Love.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Show Your Love wasn't written by a member of a boy band.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 105, + "example_id": 318, + "original_premises": "Show Your Love is a song recorded by the South Korean boy band BtoB 4u.\nThe lead single of the extended play Inside is Show Your Love.\nShow Your Love contains a hopeful message.\nBtoB 4u member Hyunsik wrote Show Your Love.\nThere is a music video for Show Your Love.", + "original_conclusion": "Show Your Love wasn't written by a member of a boy band." + }, + { + "id": "folio_319", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nShow Your Love is a song recorded by the South Korean boy band BtoB 4u.\nThe lead single of the extended play Inside is Show Your Love.\nShow Your Love contains a hopeful message.\nBtoB 4u member Hyunsik wrote Show Your Love.\nThere is a music video for Show Your Love.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A lead single of Inside contains a hopeful message.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 105, + "example_id": 319, + "original_premises": "Show Your Love is a song recorded by the South Korean boy band BtoB 4u.\nThe lead single of the extended play Inside is Show Your Love.\nShow Your Love contains a hopeful message.\nBtoB 4u member Hyunsik wrote Show Your Love.\nThere is a music video for Show Your Love.", + "original_conclusion": "A lead single of Inside contains a hopeful message." + }, + { + "id": "folio_734", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll tables are round.\nSome pieces of furniture are tables.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Some pieces of furniture are round.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 290, + "example_id": 734, + "original_premises": "All tables are round.\nSome pieces of furniture are tables.", + "original_conclusion": "Some pieces of furniture are round." + }, + { + "id": "folio_711", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll juvenile delinquents have committed a crime.\nSome juvenile delinquents are products of broken homes.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Some people who have committed a crime are products of broken homes.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 267, + "example_id": 711, + "original_premises": "All juvenile delinquents have committed a crime.\nSome juvenile delinquents are products of broken homes.", + "original_conclusion": "Some people who have committed a crime are products of broken homes." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1085", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Multivoxel (pattern) analysis is the writing of a novel.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 398, + "example_id": 1085, + "original_premises": "All mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.", + "original_conclusion": "Multivoxel (pattern) analysis is the writing of a novel." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1086", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and writing a novel.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 398, + "example_id": 1086, + "original_premises": "All mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.", + "original_conclusion": "Multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and writing a novel." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1087", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis or writing a novel.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 398, + "example_id": 1087, + "original_premises": "All mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.", + "original_conclusion": "Multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis or writing a novel." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1088", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Multivoxel (pattern) analysis is either without statistical pattern analysis or writing a novel.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 398, + "example_id": 1088, + "original_premises": "All mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.", + "original_conclusion": "Multivoxel (pattern) analysis is either without statistical pattern analysis or writing a novel." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1089", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If multivoxel (pattern) analysis is writing a novel, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is neither without statistical pattern analysis nor writing a novel.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 398, + "example_id": 1089, + "original_premises": "All mind-reading is either brain reading or brain decoding. \nAll brain decoding that is mind-reading is extracting information from BOLD signals.\nNo studies that are mind-reading and extract information from BOLD signals are without statistical pattern analysis. \nWriting a novel is without statistical pattern analysis.\nIf multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and a brain reading, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is without statistical pattern analysis and brain decoding.\nMultivoxel (pattern) analysis is a type of mind-reading.", + "original_conclusion": "If multivoxel (pattern) analysis is writing a novel, then multivoxel (pattern) analysis is neither without statistical pattern analysis nor writing a novel." + }, + { + "id": "folio_605", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf you have room for dessert, you have room for broccoli.\nEveryone at Luis's dinner party has room for dessert, including Luis.\nMauricia does not have room for broccoli.\nLuis's dinner party is the first ever dinner party that Allison has attended.\nGustave has room for both broccoli and asparagus.\nBroccoli and asparagus are both vegetables.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Allison has room for broccoli.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 212, + "example_id": 605, + "original_premises": "If you have room for dessert, you have room for broccoli.\nEveryone at Luis's dinner party has room for dessert, including Luis.\nMauricia does not have room for broccoli.\nLuis's dinner party is the first ever dinner party that Allison has attended.\nGustave has room for both broccoli and asparagus.\nBroccoli and asparagus are both vegetables.", + "original_conclusion": "Allison has room for broccoli." + }, + { + "id": "folio_606", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf you have room for dessert, you have room for broccoli.\nEveryone at Luis's dinner party has room for dessert, including Luis.\nMauricia does not have room for broccoli.\nLuis's dinner party is the first ever dinner party that Allison has attended.\nGustave has room for both broccoli and asparagus.\nBroccoli and asparagus are both vegetables.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Mauricia is at Luis's dinner party.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 212, + "example_id": 606, + "original_premises": "If you have room for dessert, you have room for broccoli.\nEveryone at Luis's dinner party has room for dessert, including Luis.\nMauricia does not have room for broccoli.\nLuis's dinner party is the first ever dinner party that Allison has attended.\nGustave has room for both broccoli and asparagus.\nBroccoli and asparagus are both vegetables.", + "original_conclusion": "Mauricia is at Luis's dinner party." + }, + { + "id": "folio_123", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nImagine Dragons are an American pop-rock band.\nThe lead singer of Imagine Dragons is Dan.\nDan is also a songwriter.\nAll lead singers are singers.\nAll singers are musicians.\nDemons is one of the most popular singles of Imagine Dragons.\nSome singles of Imagine Dragons have been on Billboard Hot 100.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Some rock band has a lead singer who is also a songwriter.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 43, + "example_id": 123, + "original_premises": "Imagine Dragons are an American pop-rock band.\nThe lead singer of Imagine Dragons is Dan.\nDan is also a songwriter.\nAll lead singers are singers.\nAll singers are musicians.\nDemons is one of the most popular singles of Imagine Dragons.\nSome singles of Imagine Dragons have been on Billboard Hot 100.", + "original_conclusion": "Some rock band has a lead singer who is also a songwriter." + }, + { + "id": "folio_124", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nImagine Dragons are an American pop-rock band.\nThe lead singer of Imagine Dragons is Dan.\nDan is also a songwriter.\nAll lead singers are singers.\nAll singers are musicians.\nDemons is one of the most popular singles of Imagine Dragons.\nSome singles of Imagine Dragons have been on Billboard Hot 100.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Dan is not a musician.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 43, + "example_id": 124, + "original_premises": "Imagine Dragons are an American pop-rock band.\nThe lead singer of Imagine Dragons is Dan.\nDan is also a songwriter.\nAll lead singers are singers.\nAll singers are musicians.\nDemons is one of the most popular singles of Imagine Dragons.\nSome singles of Imagine Dragons have been on Billboard Hot 100.", + "original_conclusion": "Dan is not a musician." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1311", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll philosophers reason. \nSome sophists reason. \nAll who can reason can distinguish truth from falsehood.\nNobody who can distinguish truth from falsehood is morally perfect. \nThe theistic God is morally perfect.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The theistic God is a sophist and a philosopher.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 455, + "example_id": 1311, + "original_premises": "All philosophers reason. \nSome sophists reason. \nAll who can reason can distinguish truth from falsehood.\nNobody who can distinguish truth from falsehood is morally perfect. \nThe theistic God is morally perfect.", + "original_conclusion": "The theistic God is a sophist and a philosopher." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1312", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll philosophers reason. \nSome sophists reason. \nAll who can reason can distinguish truth from falsehood.\nNobody who can distinguish truth from falsehood is morally perfect. \nThe theistic God is morally perfect.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: if the theistic God is a philosopher, then he is not a sophist.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 455, + "example_id": 1312, + "original_premises": "All philosophers reason. \nSome sophists reason. \nAll who can reason can distinguish truth from falsehood.\nNobody who can distinguish truth from falsehood is morally perfect. \nThe theistic God is morally perfect.", + "original_conclusion": "if the theistic God is a philosopher, then he is not a sophist." + }, + { + "id": "folio_459", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nCommon utilities include water, electricity, gas, heating, sewer, trash, and recycling.\nMany apartment rents cover the cost of water and electricity.\nSusan lives in an apartment where the rent covers all utilities.\nThe rent of the apartment where Ava lives does not cover any utility expenses.\nNoah lives in an apartment where the rent does not cover heating.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Noah and Ava both need to pay the heating bill.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 160, + "example_id": 459, + "original_premises": "Common utilities include water, electricity, gas, heating, sewer, trash, and recycling.\nMany apartment rents cover the cost of water and electricity.\nSusan lives in an apartment where the rent covers all utilities.\nThe rent of the apartment where Ava lives does not cover any utility expenses.\nNoah lives in an apartment where the rent does not cover heating.", + "original_conclusion": "Noah and Ava both need to pay the heating bill." + }, + { + "id": "folio_460", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nCommon utilities include water, electricity, gas, heating, sewer, trash, and recycling.\nMany apartment rents cover the cost of water and electricity.\nSusan lives in an apartment where the rent covers all utilities.\nThe rent of the apartment where Ava lives does not cover any utility expenses.\nNoah lives in an apartment where the rent does not cover heating.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Susan does not need to pay the water bill.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 160, + "example_id": 460, + "original_premises": "Common utilities include water, electricity, gas, heating, sewer, trash, and recycling.\nMany apartment rents cover the cost of water and electricity.\nSusan lives in an apartment where the rent covers all utilities.\nThe rent of the apartment where Ava lives does not cover any utility expenses.\nNoah lives in an apartment where the rent does not cover heating.", + "original_conclusion": "Susan does not need to pay the water bill." + }, + { + "id": "folio_800", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll clothes are products. \nNo products are perfect. \nAll dresses are clothes.\nAll skirts are dresses. \nIf the fabric bundle is a piece of clothing, then the fabric bundle is a perfect dress.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The fabric bundle is a skirt.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 317, + "example_id": 800, + "original_premises": "All clothes are products. \nNo products are perfect. \nAll dresses are clothes.\nAll skirts are dresses. \nIf the fabric bundle is a piece of clothing, then the fabric bundle is a perfect dress.", + "original_conclusion": "The fabric bundle is a skirt." + }, + { + "id": "folio_801", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll clothes are products. \nNo products are perfect. \nAll dresses are clothes.\nAll skirts are dresses. \nIf the fabric bundle is a piece of clothing, then the fabric bundle is a perfect dress.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The fabric bundle is not a skirt.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 317, + "example_id": 801, + "original_premises": "All clothes are products. \nNo products are perfect. \nAll dresses are clothes.\nAll skirts are dresses. \nIf the fabric bundle is a piece of clothing, then the fabric bundle is a perfect dress.", + "original_conclusion": "The fabric bundle is not a skirt." + }, + { + "id": "folio_168", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll pets are animals.\nPets can be either a dog or a cat.\nIf a person has a pet, they care for that pet. \nDogs and cats can be naughty. \nPets who are naughty are not liked as much. \nCharlie has a naughty pet dog named Leo. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Leo is an animal.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 57, + "example_id": 168, + "original_premises": "All pets are animals.\nPets can be either a dog or a cat.\nIf a person has a pet, they care for that pet. \nDogs and cats can be naughty. \nPets who are naughty are not liked as much. \nCharlie has a naughty pet dog named Leo. ", + "original_conclusion": "Leo is an animal." + }, + { + "id": "folio_169", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll pets are animals.\nPets can be either a dog or a cat.\nIf a person has a pet, they care for that pet. \nDogs and cats can be naughty. \nPets who are naughty are not liked as much. \nCharlie has a naughty pet dog named Leo. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Charlie does not like Leo and does not care for Leo.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 57, + "example_id": 169, + "original_premises": "All pets are animals.\nPets can be either a dog or a cat.\nIf a person has a pet, they care for that pet. \nDogs and cats can be naughty. \nPets who are naughty are not liked as much. \nCharlie has a naughty pet dog named Leo. ", + "original_conclusion": "Charlie does not like Leo and does not care for Leo." + }, + { + "id": "folio_170", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll pets are animals.\nPets can be either a dog or a cat.\nIf a person has a pet, they care for that pet. \nDogs and cats can be naughty. \nPets who are naughty are not liked as much. \nCharlie has a naughty pet dog named Leo. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Dogs are not always naughty.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 57, + "example_id": 170, + "original_premises": "All pets are animals.\nPets can be either a dog or a cat.\nIf a person has a pet, they care for that pet. \nDogs and cats can be naughty. \nPets who are naughty are not liked as much. \nCharlie has a naughty pet dog named Leo. ", + "original_conclusion": "Dogs are not always naughty." + }, + { + "id": "folio_67", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll books written by Cixin Liu have sold more than 1 million copies. \nSome books that have won the Hugo Award were written by Cixin Liu.\nAll books about the future are forward-looking.\nThe book Three-Body Problem has sold more than 1 million copies.\nThe Three-Body Problem is about the future.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Three-Body Problem is forward-looking.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 23, + "example_id": 67, + "original_premises": "All books written by Cixin Liu have sold more than 1 million copies. \nSome books that have won the Hugo Award were written by Cixin Liu.\nAll books about the future are forward-looking.\nThe book Three-Body Problem has sold more than 1 million copies.\nThe Three-Body Problem is about the future.", + "original_conclusion": "The Three-Body Problem is forward-looking." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1185", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome people are both late-night and early-morning people.\nIf a person is an earl- morning person, they have early-morning habits.\nEveryone who has early-morning habits gets up early.\nEveryone who gets up early catches the sunrise.\nJames doesn't catch the sunrise.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James is a late night person and an early-morning person.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 420, + "example_id": 1185, + "original_premises": "Some people are both late-night and early-morning people.\nIf a person is an earl- morning person, they have early-morning habits.\nEveryone who has early-morning habits gets up early.\nEveryone who gets up early catches the sunrise.\nJames doesn't catch the sunrise.", + "original_conclusion": "James is a late night person and an early-morning person." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1186", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSome people are both late-night and early-morning people.\nIf a person is an earl- morning person, they have early-morning habits.\nEveryone who has early-morning habits gets up early.\nEveryone who gets up early catches the sunrise.\nJames doesn't catch the sunrise.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If James is an early-morning person, then he is a late night person.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 420, + "example_id": 1186, + "original_premises": "Some people are both late-night and early-morning people.\nIf a person is an earl- morning person, they have early-morning habits.\nEveryone who has early-morning habits gets up early.\nEveryone who gets up early catches the sunrise.\nJames doesn't catch the sunrise.", + "original_conclusion": "If James is an early-morning person, then he is a late night person." + }, + { + "id": "folio_41", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nElephantopus is a genus of perennial plants in the daisy family.\nElephantopus is widespread over much of Africa, southern Asia, Australia, and the Americas.\nSeveral species of Elephantopus are native to the southeastern United States.\nElephantopus scaber is a traditional medicine.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Elephantopus is found in Australia and Southern Asia.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 15, + "example_id": 41, + "original_premises": "Elephantopus is a genus of perennial plants in the daisy family.\nElephantopus is widespread over much of Africa, southern Asia, Australia, and the Americas.\nSeveral species of Elephantopus are native to the southeastern United States.\nElephantopus scaber is a traditional medicine.", + "original_conclusion": "Elephantopus is found in Australia and Southern Asia." + }, + { + "id": "folio_42", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nElephantopus is a genus of perennial plants in the daisy family.\nElephantopus is widespread over much of Africa, southern Asia, Australia, and the Americas.\nSeveral species of Elephantopus are native to the southeastern United States.\nElephantopus scaber is a traditional medicine.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No Elephantopus is native to the southeastern United States.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 15, + "example_id": 42, + "original_premises": "Elephantopus is a genus of perennial plants in the daisy family.\nElephantopus is widespread over much of Africa, southern Asia, Australia, and the Americas.\nSeveral species of Elephantopus are native to the southeastern United States.\nElephantopus scaber is a traditional medicine.", + "original_conclusion": "No Elephantopus is native to the southeastern United States." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1233", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll Yale dormitories are located on the Yale campus. \nAll Yale buildings managed by Yale Housing are dormitories. \nAll Yale buildings operated by Yale Housing staff are managed by Yale Housing. \nNone of the Yale buildings open to students were built before 1701. \nAll Yale buildings located on the Yale campus are open to students. \nHarkness is either a Yale building operated by Yale Housing staff, or it is located on York Street. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Harkness is established before 1701.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 432, + "example_id": 1233, + "original_premises": "All Yale dormitories are located on the Yale campus. \nAll Yale buildings managed by Yale Housing are dormitories. \nAll Yale buildings operated by Yale Housing staff are managed by Yale Housing. \nNone of the Yale buildings open to students were built before 1701. \nAll Yale buildings located on the Yale campus are open to students. \nHarkness is either a Yale building operated by Yale Housing staff, or it is located on York Street. ", + "original_conclusion": "Harkness is established before 1701." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1234", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll Yale dormitories are located on the Yale campus. \nAll Yale buildings managed by Yale Housing are dormitories. \nAll Yale buildings operated by Yale Housing staff are managed by Yale Housing. \nNone of the Yale buildings open to students were built before 1701. \nAll Yale buildings located on the Yale campus are open to students. \nHarkness is either a Yale building operated by Yale Housing staff, or it is located on York Street. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Harkness is not established before 1701.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 432, + "example_id": 1234, + "original_premises": "All Yale dormitories are located on the Yale campus. \nAll Yale buildings managed by Yale Housing are dormitories. \nAll Yale buildings operated by Yale Housing staff are managed by Yale Housing. \nNone of the Yale buildings open to students were built before 1701. \nAll Yale buildings located on the Yale campus are open to students. \nHarkness is either a Yale building operated by Yale Housing staff, or it is located on York Street. ", + "original_conclusion": "Harkness is not established before 1701." + }, + { + "id": "folio_789", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The LaLaurie House is a skyscraper.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 316, + "example_id": 789, + "original_premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", + "original_conclusion": "The LaLaurie House is a skyscraper." + }, + { + "id": "folio_790", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The LaLaurie House is not a skyscraper.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 316, + "example_id": 790, + "original_premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", + "original_conclusion": "The LaLaurie House is not a skyscraper." + }, + { + "id": "folio_792", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a mansion house.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 316, + "example_id": 792, + "original_premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", + "original_conclusion": "The LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a mansion house." + }, + { + "id": "folio_793", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or in an urban area.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 316, + "example_id": 793, + "original_premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", + "original_conclusion": "The LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or in an urban area." + }, + { + "id": "folio_794", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a creepy haunted house.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 316, + "example_id": 794, + "original_premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", + "original_conclusion": "The LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a creepy haunted house." + }, + { + "id": "folio_795", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If the LaLaurie House is not a mansion or not in an urban area, then it is either a skyscraper or in an urban area.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 316, + "example_id": 795, + "original_premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", + "original_conclusion": "If the LaLaurie House is not a mansion or not in an urban area, then it is either a skyscraper or in an urban area." + }, + { + "id": "folio_796", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If the LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a mansion house, then it is in an urban area.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 316, + "example_id": 796, + "original_premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", + "original_conclusion": "If the LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a mansion house, then it is in an urban area." + }, + { + "id": "folio_797", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If the LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a mansion house, then it is neither a creepy haunted house nor a terrifying building on Halloween.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 316, + "example_id": 797, + "original_premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", + "original_conclusion": "If the LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a mansion house, then it is neither a creepy haunted house nor a terrifying building on Halloween." + }, + { + "id": "folio_798", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If the LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a creepy haunted house, then it is not a mansion house.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 316, + "example_id": 798, + "original_premises": "There are no mansion houses in an urban area.\nAll skyscrapers are in urban areas.\nEvery creepy haunted house is a mansion house.\nEvery terrifying building on Halloween is a creepy haunted house.\nThe LaLaurie House is a creepy haunted house or a terrifying building on Halloween.", + "original_conclusion": "If the LaLaurie House is either a skyscraper or a creepy haunted house, then it is not a mansion house." + }, + { + "id": "folio_330", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPhuoc Binh national park is a national park in Vietnam. \nAny national park in Vietnam is classified as a nature reserve. \nThere is a national park in Vietnam classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nAll national parks in Vietnam are either managed by the Ministry of Agriculture or managed by the People's Committee. \nPhuoc Binh is not managed by the Ministry of Agriculture.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There is a nature reserve in Vietnam.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 109, + "example_id": 330, + "original_premises": "Phuoc Binh national park is a national park in Vietnam. \nAny national park in Vietnam is classified as a nature reserve. \nThere is a national park in Vietnam classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nAll national parks in Vietnam are either managed by the Ministry of Agriculture or managed by the People's Committee. \nPhuoc Binh is not managed by the Ministry of Agriculture.", + "original_conclusion": "There is a nature reserve in Vietnam." + }, + { + "id": "folio_332", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPhuoc Binh national park is a national park in Vietnam. \nAny national park in Vietnam is classified as a nature reserve. \nThere is a national park in Vietnam classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nAll national parks in Vietnam are either managed by the Ministry of Agriculture or managed by the People's Committee. \nPhuoc Binh is not managed by the Ministry of Agriculture.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Phuoc Binh is managed by the People's Committee.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 109, + "example_id": 332, + "original_premises": "Phuoc Binh national park is a national park in Vietnam. \nAny national park in Vietnam is classified as a nature reserve. \nThere is a national park in Vietnam classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.\nAll national parks in Vietnam are either managed by the Ministry of Agriculture or managed by the People's Committee. \nPhuoc Binh is not managed by the Ministry of Agriculture.", + "original_conclusion": "Phuoc Binh is managed by the People's Committee." + }, + { + "id": "folio_402", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nGreyhound racing is a competitive sport where spectators bet on greyhounds.\nGreyhound racing involves coursing.\nSome competitive sports where spectators bet on things are banned.\nCoursing involves spectators betting on a hare being pursued by greyhounds.\nSpectators betting on a hare is a small game.\nIf a competitive sport involves spectators betting on small games, then it is banned.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No coursing is banned.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 137, + "example_id": 402, + "original_premises": "Greyhound racing is a competitive sport where spectators bet on greyhounds.\nGreyhound racing involves coursing.\nSome competitive sports where spectators bet on things are banned.\nCoursing involves spectators betting on a hare being pursued by greyhounds.\nSpectators betting on a hare is a small game.\nIf a competitive sport involves spectators betting on small games, then it is banned.", + "original_conclusion": "No coursing is banned." + }, + { + "id": "folio_403", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nGreyhound racing is a competitive sport where spectators bet on greyhounds.\nGreyhound racing involves coursing.\nSome competitive sports where spectators bet on things are banned.\nCoursing involves spectators betting on a hare being pursued by greyhounds.\nSpectators betting on a hare is a small game.\nIf a competitive sport involves spectators betting on small games, then it is banned.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Greyhound racing is a competitive sport.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 137, + "example_id": 403, + "original_premises": "Greyhound racing is a competitive sport where spectators bet on greyhounds.\nGreyhound racing involves coursing.\nSome competitive sports where spectators bet on things are banned.\nCoursing involves spectators betting on a hare being pursued by greyhounds.\nSpectators betting on a hare is a small game.\nIf a competitive sport involves spectators betting on small games, then it is banned.", + "original_conclusion": "Greyhound racing is a competitive sport." + }, + { + "id": "folio_544", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a soccer player receives two yellow cards in one game, this player will be ejected from the rest of the game.\nIf a soccer player receives one red card in one game, this player will be ejected from the rest of the game.\nHenry is a soccer player.\nIn one game, Henry receives one yellow card and one red card.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Henry will be ejected from the rest of the game.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 190, + "example_id": 544, + "original_premises": "If a soccer player receives two yellow cards in one game, this player will be ejected from the rest of the game.\nIf a soccer player receives one red card in one game, this player will be ejected from the rest of the game.\nHenry is a soccer player.\nIn one game, Henry receives one yellow card and one red card.", + "original_conclusion": "Henry will be ejected from the rest of the game." + }, + { + "id": "folio_545", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a soccer player receives two yellow cards in one game, this player will be ejected from the rest of the game.\nIf a soccer player receives one red card in one game, this player will be ejected from the rest of the game.\nHenry is a soccer player.\nIn one game, Henry receives one yellow card and one red card.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Henry will not be ejected from the rest of the game.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 190, + "example_id": 545, + "original_premises": "If a soccer player receives two yellow cards in one game, this player will be ejected from the rest of the game.\nIf a soccer player receives one red card in one game, this player will be ejected from the rest of the game.\nHenry is a soccer player.\nIn one game, Henry receives one yellow card and one red card.", + "original_conclusion": "Henry will not be ejected from the rest of the game." + }, + { + "id": "folio_731", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTrees are plants. \nSome living things are trees.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Some living things are plants.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 287, + "example_id": 731, + "original_premises": "Trees are plants. \nSome living things are trees.", + "original_conclusion": "Some living things are plants." + }, + { + "id": "folio_44", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNotable people with the given name include Dagfinn Aarskog, Dagfinn Bakke and Dagfinn Dahl.\nDagfinn Aarskog is a Norwegian physician.\nDagfinn Dahl is a Norwegian barrister.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Dagfinn Aarskog is a notable person.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 16, + "example_id": 44, + "original_premises": "Notable people with the given name include Dagfinn Aarskog, Dagfinn Bakke and Dagfinn Dahl.\nDagfinn Aarskog is a Norwegian physician.\nDagfinn Dahl is a Norwegian barrister.", + "original_conclusion": "Dagfinn Aarskog is a notable person." + }, + { + "id": "folio_45", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNotable people with the given name include Dagfinn Aarskog, Dagfinn Bakke and Dagfinn Dahl.\nDagfinn Aarskog is a Norwegian physician.\nDagfinn Dahl is a Norwegian barrister.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Dagfinn is Dagfinn Aarskog's given name.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 16, + "example_id": 45, + "original_premises": "Notable people with the given name include Dagfinn Aarskog, Dagfinn Bakke and Dagfinn Dahl.\nDagfinn Aarskog is a Norwegian physician.\nDagfinn Dahl is a Norwegian barrister.", + "original_conclusion": "Dagfinn is Dagfinn Aarskog's given name." + }, + { + "id": "folio_744", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a movie is popular, some people enjoy watching it.\nAll things that some people enjoy attract attention.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If a movie is popular, then it attracts attention.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 300, + "example_id": 744, + "original_premises": "If a movie is popular, some people enjoy watching it.\nAll things that some people enjoy attract attention.", + "original_conclusion": "If a movie is popular, then it attracts attention." + }, + { + "id": "folio_682", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIt is not true that some giant language models do not have good performance. \nAll language models with good performance are used by some researchers.\nIf a language model is used by some researchers, it is popular. \nIf BERT is a giant language model, then GPT-3 is also a giant language model. \nBERT is a giant language model. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: GPT-3 is popular.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 240, + "example_id": 682, + "original_premises": "It is not true that some giant language models do not have good performance. \nAll language models with good performance are used by some researchers.\nIf a language model is used by some researchers, it is popular. \nIf BERT is a giant language model, then GPT-3 is also a giant language model. \nBERT is a giant language model. ", + "original_conclusion": "GPT-3 is popular." + }, + { + "id": "folio_333", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSt Johnstone is a Scottish team.\nSt Johnstone is part of the Scottish Premiership league.\nIf a team is part of the league, it has joined the league.\nSt Johnstone and Minsk are different teams.\nFor two teams, either one team wins, or the other team wins.\nMinsk won against St Johnstone.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: At least one Scottish team has joined the Scottish Premiership.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 110, + "example_id": 333, + "original_premises": "St Johnstone is a Scottish team.\nSt Johnstone is part of the Scottish Premiership league.\nIf a team is part of the league, it has joined the league.\nSt Johnstone and Minsk are different teams.\nFor two teams, either one team wins, or the other team wins.\nMinsk won against St Johnstone.", + "original_conclusion": "At least one Scottish team has joined the Scottish Premiership." + }, + { + "id": "folio_334", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nSt Johnstone is a Scottish team.\nSt Johnstone is part of the Scottish Premiership league.\nIf a team is part of the league, it has joined the league.\nSt Johnstone and Minsk are different teams.\nFor two teams, either one team wins, or the other team wins.\nMinsk won against St Johnstone.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: St Johnstone won against Minsk.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 110, + "example_id": 334, + "original_premises": "St Johnstone is a Scottish team.\nSt Johnstone is part of the Scottish Premiership league.\nIf a team is part of the league, it has joined the league.\nSt Johnstone and Minsk are different teams.\nFor two teams, either one team wins, or the other team wins.\nMinsk won against St Johnstone.", + "original_conclusion": "St Johnstone won against Minsk." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1227", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo Boeing-737 plane has more than 300 seats. \nAll of the planes acquired by Delta in this batch are Boeing-737. \nPlanes either have more than 300 seats or have a capacity of 100 passengers. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are scheduled for a short-distance flight. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are produced before 2010. \nJake32 is either a Boeing-737 plane or a plane acquired by Delta in this batch.\nT10 is either both a Boeing-737 plane and acquired by Delta in this batch, or it is neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jake32 was produced before 2010 and is scheduled for a short-distance flight.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 431, + "example_id": 1227, + "original_premises": "No Boeing-737 plane has more than 300 seats. \nAll of the planes acquired by Delta in this batch are Boeing-737. \nPlanes either have more than 300 seats or have a capacity of 100 passengers. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are scheduled for a short-distance flight. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are produced before 2010. \nJake32 is either a Boeing-737 plane or a plane acquired by Delta in this batch.\nT10 is either both a Boeing-737 plane and acquired by Delta in this batch, or it is neither.", + "original_conclusion": "Jake32 was produced before 2010 and is scheduled for a short-distance flight." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1228", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo Boeing-737 plane has more than 300 seats. \nAll of the planes acquired by Delta in this batch are Boeing-737. \nPlanes either have more than 300 seats or have a capacity of 100 passengers. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are scheduled for a short-distance flight. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are produced before 2010. \nJake32 is either a Boeing-737 plane or a plane acquired by Delta in this batch.\nT10 is either both a Boeing-737 plane and acquired by Delta in this batch, or it is neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jake32 is not produced before 2010 and is not scheduled for a short-distance flight.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 431, + "example_id": 1228, + "original_premises": "No Boeing-737 plane has more than 300 seats. \nAll of the planes acquired by Delta in this batch are Boeing-737. \nPlanes either have more than 300 seats or have a capacity of 100 passengers. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are scheduled for a short-distance flight. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are produced before 2010. \nJake32 is either a Boeing-737 plane or a plane acquired by Delta in this batch.\nT10 is either both a Boeing-737 plane and acquired by Delta in this batch, or it is neither.", + "original_conclusion": "Jake32 is not produced before 2010 and is not scheduled for a short-distance flight." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1229", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo Boeing-737 plane has more than 300 seats. \nAll of the planes acquired by Delta in this batch are Boeing-737. \nPlanes either have more than 300 seats or have a capacity of 100 passengers. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are scheduled for a short-distance flight. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are produced before 2010. \nJake32 is either a Boeing-737 plane or a plane acquired by Delta in this batch.\nT10 is either both a Boeing-737 plane and acquired by Delta in this batch, or it is neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jake32 is produced before 2010 or scheduled for a short-distance flight.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 431, + "example_id": 1229, + "original_premises": "No Boeing-737 plane has more than 300 seats. \nAll of the planes acquired by Delta in this batch are Boeing-737. \nPlanes either have more than 300 seats or have a capacity of 100 passengers. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are scheduled for a short-distance flight. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are produced before 2010. \nJake32 is either a Boeing-737 plane or a plane acquired by Delta in this batch.\nT10 is either both a Boeing-737 plane and acquired by Delta in this batch, or it is neither.", + "original_conclusion": "Jake32 is produced before 2010 or scheduled for a short-distance flight." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1230", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo Boeing-737 plane has more than 300 seats. \nAll of the planes acquired by Delta in this batch are Boeing-737. \nPlanes either have more than 300 seats or have a capacity of 100 passengers. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are scheduled for a short-distance flight. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are produced before 2010. \nJake32 is either a Boeing-737 plane or a plane acquired by Delta in this batch.\nT10 is either both a Boeing-737 plane and acquired by Delta in this batch, or it is neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jake32 is neither produced before 2010 nor scheduled for a short-distance flight.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 431, + "example_id": 1230, + "original_premises": "No Boeing-737 plane has more than 300 seats. \nAll of the planes acquired by Delta in this batch are Boeing-737. \nPlanes either have more than 300 seats or have a capacity of 100 passengers. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are scheduled for a short-distance flight. \nAll planes with a capacity of 100 passengers are produced before 2010. \nJake32 is either a Boeing-737 plane or a plane acquired by Delta in this batch.\nT10 is either both a Boeing-737 plane and acquired by Delta in this batch, or it is neither.", + "original_conclusion": "Jake32 is neither produced before 2010 nor scheduled for a short-distance flight." + }, + { + "id": "folio_555", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe SAT test is wholly owned and developed by the College Board.\nThe SAT test is intended to assess students' readiness for college.\nThe SAT was originally designed not to be aligned with high school curricula. \nSeveral adjustments were made to the version of the SAT introduced in 2016 to align with the high school curriculum.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The SAT test is owned by the College Board and other third parties.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 195, + "example_id": 555, + "original_premises": "The SAT test is wholly owned and developed by the College Board.\nThe SAT test is intended to assess students' readiness for college.\nThe SAT was originally designed not to be aligned with high school curricula. \nSeveral adjustments were made to the version of the SAT introduced in 2016 to align with the high school curriculum.", + "original_conclusion": "The SAT test is owned by the College Board and other third parties." + }, + { + "id": "folio_98", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRafa Nadal was born in Mallorca.\nRafa Nadal is a professional tennis player.\nNadal's win ratio is high.\nAll players in the Big 3 are professionals who have a high win ratio.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Nadal was not born in Mallorca.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 34, + "example_id": 98, + "original_premises": "Rafa Nadal was born in Mallorca.\nRafa Nadal is a professional tennis player.\nNadal's win ratio is high.\nAll players in the Big 3 are professionals who have a high win ratio.", + "original_conclusion": "Nadal was not born in Mallorca." + }, + { + "id": "folio_99", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRafa Nadal was born in Mallorca.\nRafa Nadal is a professional tennis player.\nNadal's win ratio is high.\nAll players in the Big 3 are professionals who have a high win ratio.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Nadal is in the Big 3.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 34, + "example_id": 99, + "original_premises": "Rafa Nadal was born in Mallorca.\nRafa Nadal is a professional tennis player.\nNadal's win ratio is high.\nAll players in the Big 3 are professionals who have a high win ratio.", + "original_conclusion": "Nadal is in the Big 3." + }, + { + "id": "folio_782", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo animals are plants.\nAll humans are animals.\nAll pupils are humans.\nAll flowers are plants.\nBailey is either both a human and a flower or neither a human nor a flower.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Bailey is a pupil.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 314, + "example_id": 782, + "original_premises": "No animals are plants.\nAll humans are animals.\nAll pupils are humans.\nAll flowers are plants.\nBailey is either both a human and a flower or neither a human nor a flower.", + "original_conclusion": "Bailey is a pupil." + }, + { + "id": "folio_783", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo animals are plants.\nAll humans are animals.\nAll pupils are humans.\nAll flowers are plants.\nBailey is either both a human and a flower or neither a human nor a flower.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Bailey is not a pupil.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 314, + "example_id": 783, + "original_premises": "No animals are plants.\nAll humans are animals.\nAll pupils are humans.\nAll flowers are plants.\nBailey is either both a human and a flower or neither a human nor a flower.", + "original_conclusion": "Bailey is not a pupil." + }, + { + "id": "folio_785", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nNo animals are plants.\nAll humans are animals.\nAll pupils are humans.\nAll flowers are plants.\nBailey is either both a human and a flower or neither a human nor a flower.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Bailey is a human, then Bailey is not a pupil.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 314, + "example_id": 785, + "original_premises": "No animals are plants.\nAll humans are animals.\nAll pupils are humans.\nAll flowers are plants.\nBailey is either both a human and a flower or neither a human nor a flower.", + "original_conclusion": "If Bailey is a human, then Bailey is not a pupil." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1322", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nShoes are not food.\nAll slippers are shoes.\nAny object donated to the homeless charity is either clothes or food.\nWearable things are not edible.\nAll clothes are wearable. \nThe watch is donated to the homeless charify.\nIf the watch is not both edible and a piece of clothing, then the watch is either both edible and a piece of clothing or the watch is neither of them.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A watch is a slipper.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 458, + "example_id": 1322, + "original_premises": "Shoes are not food.\nAll slippers are shoes.\nAny object donated to the homeless charity is either clothes or food.\nWearable things are not edible.\nAll clothes are wearable. \nThe watch is donated to the homeless charify.\nIf the watch is not both edible and a piece of clothing, then the watch is either both edible and a piece of clothing or the watch is neither of them.", + "original_conclusion": "A watch is a slipper." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1323", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nShoes are not food.\nAll slippers are shoes.\nAny object donated to the homeless charity is either clothes or food.\nWearable things are not edible.\nAll clothes are wearable. \nThe watch is donated to the homeless charify.\nIf the watch is not both edible and a piece of clothing, then the watch is either both edible and a piece of clothing or the watch is neither of them.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: A watch is neither edible nor a slipper.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 458, + "example_id": 1323, + "original_premises": "Shoes are not food.\nAll slippers are shoes.\nAny object donated to the homeless charity is either clothes or food.\nWearable things are not edible.\nAll clothes are wearable. \nThe watch is donated to the homeless charify.\nIf the watch is not both edible and a piece of clothing, then the watch is either both edible and a piece of clothing or the watch is neither of them.", + "original_conclusion": "A watch is neither edible nor a slipper." + }, + { + "id": "folio_101", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAn Olympian is a person who trains for an Olympic sport and goes to the Olympics.\nCarlos Reyes trains for an Olympic sport.\nCarlos Reyes went to the Olympics.\nCarlos Reyes is a welterweight.\nHeavy weights are not welterweights.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Carlos Reyes is an Olympian.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 35, + "example_id": 101, + "original_premises": "An Olympian is a person who trains for an Olympic sport and goes to the Olympics.\nCarlos Reyes trains for an Olympic sport.\nCarlos Reyes went to the Olympics.\nCarlos Reyes is a welterweight.\nHeavy weights are not welterweights.", + "original_conclusion": "Carlos Reyes is an Olympian." + }, + { + "id": "folio_102", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAn Olympian is a person who trains for an Olympic sport and goes to the Olympics.\nCarlos Reyes trains for an Olympic sport.\nCarlos Reyes went to the Olympics.\nCarlos Reyes is a welterweight.\nHeavy weights are not welterweights.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Carlos Reyes is a heavy weight.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 35, + "example_id": 102, + "original_premises": "An Olympian is a person who trains for an Olympic sport and goes to the Olympics.\nCarlos Reyes trains for an Olympic sport.\nCarlos Reyes went to the Olympics.\nCarlos Reyes is a welterweight.\nHeavy weights are not welterweights.", + "original_conclusion": "Carlos Reyes is a heavy weight." + }, + { + "id": "folio_863", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Sam is a young teenage girl who attends music festival frequently", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 333, + "example_id": 863, + "original_premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", + "original_conclusion": "Sam is a young teenage girl who attends music festival frequently" + }, + { + "id": "folio_864", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Sam is not a young teenage girl who attends music festival frequently", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 333, + "example_id": 864, + "original_premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", + "original_conclusion": "Sam is not a young teenage girl who attends music festival frequently" + }, + { + "id": "folio_866", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Sam neither has high ambitions and future career goals nor is she a young teenage girl attending music festival frequently", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 333, + "example_id": 866, + "original_premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", + "original_conclusion": "Sam neither has high ambitions and future career goals nor is she a young teenage girl attending music festival frequently" + }, + { + "id": "folio_867", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Sam has high ambitions and future career goals and is a young teenage girl attending music festival frequently.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 333, + "example_id": 867, + "original_premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", + "original_conclusion": "Sam has high ambitions and future career goals and is a young teenage girl attending music festival frequently." + }, + { + "id": "folio_868", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Sam has high ambitions and future career goals and is a young teenage girl attending college.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 333, + "example_id": 868, + "original_premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", + "original_conclusion": "Sam has high ambitions and future career goals and is a young teenage girl attending college." + }, + { + "id": "folio_869", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Sam is a young teenage girl attending college, then Sam either does not have high ambitions and future career goals or is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 333, + "example_id": 869, + "original_premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", + "original_conclusion": "If Sam is a young teenage girl attending college, then Sam either does not have high ambitions and future career goals or is a big fan of pop bands and singers." + }, + { + "id": "folio_870", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Sam has high ambitions and future career goals and is a young teenage girl attending college, then Sam either does not have high ambitions and future career goals or is not a young teenage girl attending college.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 333, + "example_id": 870, + "original_premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", + "original_conclusion": "If Sam has high ambitions and future career goals and is a young teenage girl attending college, then Sam either does not have high ambitions and future career goals or is not a young teenage girl attending college." + }, + { + "id": "folio_871", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a young teenage girl attending college.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 333, + "example_id": 871, + "original_premises": "If people have a lot of music decorations in their rooms, they cannot pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people have high ambitions and future career goals, then they can pack and move out of their rooms very easily.\nIf people are big fans of pop bands and singers, then they have a lot of music decorations in their room.\nAll young teenage girls who attend music festival frequently are big fans of pop bands and singers.\nIf Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a big fan of pop bands and singers.", + "original_conclusion": "If Sam has high ambitions and future career goals, then Sam is a young teenage girl attending college." + }, + { + "id": "folio_524", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBrita was a cargo ship built for Norwegians.\nBrita was impressed into service by Germany.\nShips that have been impressed into service were seized by whoever impressed them into service.\nThe Britta was sold to Hong Kong.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There was a cargo ship seized by Germany that was sold to Hong Kong.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 182, + "example_id": 524, + "original_premises": "Brita was a cargo ship built for Norwegians.\nBrita was impressed into service by Germany.\nShips that have been impressed into service were seized by whoever impressed them into service.\nThe Britta was sold to Hong Kong.", + "original_conclusion": "There was a cargo ship seized by Germany that was sold to Hong Kong." + }, + { + "id": "folio_525", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBrita was a cargo ship built for Norwegians.\nBrita was impressed into service by Germany.\nShips that have been impressed into service were seized by whoever impressed them into service.\nThe Britta was sold to Hong Kong.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Hong Kong hasn't had any seized ships sold to them.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 182, + "example_id": 525, + "original_premises": "Brita was a cargo ship built for Norwegians.\nBrita was impressed into service by Germany.\nShips that have been impressed into service were seized by whoever impressed them into service.\nThe Britta was sold to Hong Kong.", + "original_conclusion": "Hong Kong hasn't had any seized ships sold to them." + }, + { + "id": "folio_141", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nQuincy McDuffie is an American professional wide receiver in Canadian Football.\nPeople who can catch balls are good wide receivers. \nQuincy McDuffie can catch some footballs easily.\nGood wide receivers play professionally.\nGood wide receivers can catch with both their left and right hand.\nAll footballs are balls.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Quincy McDuffie is a good wide receiver.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 49, + "example_id": 141, + "original_premises": "Quincy McDuffie is an American professional wide receiver in Canadian Football.\nPeople who can catch balls are good wide receivers. \nQuincy McDuffie can catch some footballs easily.\nGood wide receivers play professionally.\nGood wide receivers can catch with both their left and right hand.\nAll footballs are balls.", + "original_conclusion": "Quincy McDuffie is a good wide receiver." + }, + { + "id": "folio_14", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBoves is a railway station located in France. \nThe preceding station of Boves is Longueau.\nThe preceding station of Dommartin is Boves.\nFrance is a European country.\nDommartin is situated on the Paris\u2013Lille railway. \nAny two contiguous stations are on the same railway.\nBoves is served by regional TER Hauts-de-France trains.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.\nIf place A precedes place B and place B precedes place C, then place A precedes place C.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Longueau is situated on the Paris\u2013Lille railway.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 6, + "example_id": 14, + "original_premises": "Boves is a railway station located in France. \nThe preceding station of Boves is Longueau.\nThe preceding station of Dommartin is Boves.\nFrance is a European country.\nDommartin is situated on the Paris\u2013Lille railway. \nAny two contiguous stations are on the same railway.\nBoves is served by regional TER Hauts-de-France trains.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.\nIf place A precedes place B and place B precedes place C, then place A precedes place C.", + "original_conclusion": "Longueau is situated on the Paris\u2013Lille railway." + }, + { + "id": "folio_15", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBoves is a railway station located in France. \nThe preceding station of Boves is Longueau.\nThe preceding station of Dommartin is Boves.\nFrance is a European country.\nDommartin is situated on the Paris\u2013Lille railway. \nAny two contiguous stations are on the same railway.\nBoves is served by regional TER Hauts-de-France trains.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.\nIf place A precedes place B and place B precedes place C, then place A precedes place C.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Boves is not in Europe.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 6, + "example_id": 15, + "original_premises": "Boves is a railway station located in France. \nThe preceding station of Boves is Longueau.\nThe preceding station of Dommartin is Boves.\nFrance is a European country.\nDommartin is situated on the Paris\u2013Lille railway. \nAny two contiguous stations are on the same railway.\nBoves is served by regional TER Hauts-de-France trains.\nIf place A is located in place B and place B is located in place C, then place A is located in place C.\nIf place A precedes place B and place B precedes place C, then place A precedes place C.", + "original_conclusion": "Boves is not in Europe." + }, + { + "id": "folio_309", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEdwin Smith was a New Zealand rower from Auckland.\nEdwin Smith was also known as Ted Smith.\nEdwin Smith went to Rose Road Primary School, located in Grey Lynn.\nEdwin Smith was a sergeant who served with the New Zealand 24th battalion in Italy and Egypt.\nBroadway Sheetmetals was a business run and owned by Edwin Smith, a sheet metal worker.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Ted Smith was a sergeant.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 102, + "example_id": 309, + "original_premises": "Edwin Smith was a New Zealand rower from Auckland.\nEdwin Smith was also known as Ted Smith.\nEdwin Smith went to Rose Road Primary School, located in Grey Lynn.\nEdwin Smith was a sergeant who served with the New Zealand 24th battalion in Italy and Egypt.\nBroadway Sheetmetals was a business run and owned by Edwin Smith, a sheet metal worker.", + "original_conclusion": "Ted Smith was a sergeant." + }, + { + "id": "folio_310", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEdwin Smith was a New Zealand rower from Auckland.\nEdwin Smith was also known as Ted Smith.\nEdwin Smith went to Rose Road Primary School, located in Grey Lynn.\nEdwin Smith was a sergeant who served with the New Zealand 24th battalion in Italy and Egypt.\nBroadway Sheetmetals was a business run and owned by Edwin Smith, a sheet metal worker.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There were no rowers that own a buisness.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 102, + "example_id": 310, + "original_premises": "Edwin Smith was a New Zealand rower from Auckland.\nEdwin Smith was also known as Ted Smith.\nEdwin Smith went to Rose Road Primary School, located in Grey Lynn.\nEdwin Smith was a sergeant who served with the New Zealand 24th battalion in Italy and Egypt.\nBroadway Sheetmetals was a business run and owned by Edwin Smith, a sheet metal worker.", + "original_conclusion": "There were no rowers that own a buisness." + }, + { + "id": "folio_311", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEdwin Smith was a New Zealand rower from Auckland.\nEdwin Smith was also known as Ted Smith.\nEdwin Smith went to Rose Road Primary School, located in Grey Lynn.\nEdwin Smith was a sergeant who served with the New Zealand 24th battalion in Italy and Egypt.\nBroadway Sheetmetals was a business run and owned by Edwin Smith, a sheet metal worker.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No sergeants were from Auckland.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 102, + "example_id": 311, + "original_premises": "Edwin Smith was a New Zealand rower from Auckland.\nEdwin Smith was also known as Ted Smith.\nEdwin Smith went to Rose Road Primary School, located in Grey Lynn.\nEdwin Smith was a sergeant who served with the New Zealand 24th battalion in Italy and Egypt.\nBroadway Sheetmetals was a business run and owned by Edwin Smith, a sheet metal worker.", + "original_conclusion": "No sergeants were from Auckland." + }, + { + "id": "folio_312", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nEdwin Smith was a New Zealand rower from Auckland.\nEdwin Smith was also known as Ted Smith.\nEdwin Smith went to Rose Road Primary School, located in Grey Lynn.\nEdwin Smith was a sergeant who served with the New Zealand 24th battalion in Italy and Egypt.\nBroadway Sheetmetals was a business run and owned by Edwin Smith, a sheet metal worker.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No business owner served in Egypt.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 102, + "example_id": 312, + "original_premises": "Edwin Smith was a New Zealand rower from Auckland.\nEdwin Smith was also known as Ted Smith.\nEdwin Smith went to Rose Road Primary School, located in Grey Lynn.\nEdwin Smith was a sergeant who served with the New Zealand 24th battalion in Italy and Egypt.\nBroadway Sheetmetals was a business run and owned by Edwin Smith, a sheet metal worker.", + "original_conclusion": "No business owner served in Egypt." + }, + { + "id": "folio_408", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nUFC Fight Night was a mixed martial arts event held in Sweden.\nAt UFC Fight Night, Sadollah was scheduled to fight Musoke.\nSadollah fought Akiyama at UFC Fight Night.\nMusoke fought Yakovlev at UFC Fight Night.\nJung was injured at UFC Fight Night.\nPeople injured at UFC Fight Night did not fight.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jung did not fight at UFC Fight Night.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 139, + "example_id": 408, + "original_premises": "UFC Fight Night was a mixed martial arts event held in Sweden.\nAt UFC Fight Night, Sadollah was scheduled to fight Musoke.\nSadollah fought Akiyama at UFC Fight Night.\nMusoke fought Yakovlev at UFC Fight Night.\nJung was injured at UFC Fight Night.\nPeople injured at UFC Fight Night did not fight.", + "original_conclusion": "Jung did not fight at UFC Fight Night." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1352", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll drinks on the counter are edible. \nAll juices on the counter are drinks. \nOrange juice is a type of juice. \nEverything on the counter is either orange juice or apple juice.\nAll apple juices on the counter are sweet.\nThe coke is on the counter and if the coke is apple juice, then the coke is a drink.\nIf the coke is not apple juice, then the coke is not edible.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The coke is edible and sweet.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 468, + "example_id": 1352, + "original_premises": "All drinks on the counter are edible. \nAll juices on the counter are drinks. \nOrange juice is a type of juice. \nEverything on the counter is either orange juice or apple juice.\nAll apple juices on the counter are sweet.\nThe coke is on the counter and if the coke is apple juice, then the coke is a drink.\nIf the coke is not apple juice, then the coke is not edible.", + "original_conclusion": "The coke is edible and sweet." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1353", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll drinks on the counter are edible. \nAll juices on the counter are drinks. \nOrange juice is a type of juice. \nEverything on the counter is either orange juice or apple juice.\nAll apple juices on the counter are sweet.\nThe coke is on the counter and if the coke is apple juice, then the coke is a drink.\nIf the coke is not apple juice, then the coke is not edible.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The coke is not edible and sweet.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 468, + "example_id": 1353, + "original_premises": "All drinks on the counter are edible. \nAll juices on the counter are drinks. \nOrange juice is a type of juice. \nEverything on the counter is either orange juice or apple juice.\nAll apple juices on the counter are sweet.\nThe coke is on the counter and if the coke is apple juice, then the coke is a drink.\nIf the coke is not apple juice, then the coke is not edible.", + "original_conclusion": "The coke is not edible and sweet." + }, + { + "id": "folio_119", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nFederico Garcia Lorca was a talented Spanish poet, and he supported the Popular Front.\nThe Spanish Nationalists opposed anyone who supported the Popular Front\nTalented poets are popular.\nSpanish Nationalists killed anyone who they opposed and who was popular.\nDaniel supported the Popular Front but was not popular.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The Spanish Nationalists killed Lorca.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 41, + "example_id": 119, + "original_premises": "Federico Garcia Lorca was a talented Spanish poet, and he supported the Popular Front.\nThe Spanish Nationalists opposed anyone who supported the Popular Front\nTalented poets are popular.\nSpanish Nationalists killed anyone who they opposed and who was popular.\nDaniel supported the Popular Front but was not popular.", + "original_conclusion": "The Spanish Nationalists killed Lorca." + }, + { + "id": "folio_974", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPeople in Franny's family drink kombucha every day or drink Coca-Cola or a Pepsi product.\nIf people in Franny's family drink Coca-Cola or a Pepsi product every day, then they grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack them lunch.\nIf people in Franny's family drink Coca-Cola or another Pepsi product every day, then they have to visit the dentist frequently.\nIf people in Franny's family grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack them lunch, then they have erratic and diverse eating habits.\nIf people in Franny's family have erratic and diverse eating habits, then they do not have consistent everyday routines and like sticking to a solid schedule.\nDamon is in Franny's family. \nDamon either both grow up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack her lunch and have consistent everyday routines and like sticking to a solid schedule, or Damon did neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Damon is in Franny's family and he either both grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack his lunch and drink kombucha every day or neither grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack his lunch nor drink kombucha every day, then Damon neither visits the dentist frequently nor drinks Coca Cola or Pepsi products.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 366, + "example_id": 974, + "original_premises": "People in Franny's family drink kombucha every day or drink Coca-Cola or a Pepsi product.\nIf people in Franny's family drink Coca-Cola or a Pepsi product every day, then they grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack them lunch.\nIf people in Franny's family drink Coca-Cola or another Pepsi product every day, then they have to visit the dentist frequently.\nIf people in Franny's family grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack them lunch, then they have erratic and diverse eating habits.\nIf people in Franny's family have erratic and diverse eating habits, then they do not have consistent everyday routines and like sticking to a solid schedule.\nDamon is in Franny's family. \nDamon either both grow up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack her lunch and have consistent everyday routines and like sticking to a solid schedule, or Damon did neither.", + "original_conclusion": "If Damon is in Franny's family and he either both grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack his lunch and drink kombucha every day or neither grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack his lunch nor drink kombucha every day, then Damon neither visits the dentist frequently nor drinks Coca Cola or Pepsi products." + }, + { + "id": "folio_975", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPeople in Franny's family drink kombucha every day or drink Coca-Cola or a Pepsi product.\nIf people in Franny's family drink Coca-Cola or a Pepsi product every day, then they grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack them lunch.\nIf people in Franny's family drink Coca-Cola or another Pepsi product every day, then they have to visit the dentist frequently.\nIf people in Franny's family grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack them lunch, then they have erratic and diverse eating habits.\nIf people in Franny's family have erratic and diverse eating habits, then they do not have consistent everyday routines and like sticking to a solid schedule.\nDamon is in Franny's family. \nDamon either both grow up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack her lunch and have consistent everyday routines and like sticking to a solid schedule, or Damon did neither.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Damon is in Franny's family and he either visits the dentist frequently or drinks kombucha, then Damon both visits the dentist frequently and drinks Coca-Cola or Pepsi products every day.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 366, + "example_id": 975, + "original_premises": "People in Franny's family drink kombucha every day or drink Coca-Cola or a Pepsi product.\nIf people in Franny's family drink Coca-Cola or a Pepsi product every day, then they grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack them lunch.\nIf people in Franny's family drink Coca-Cola or another Pepsi product every day, then they have to visit the dentist frequently.\nIf people in Franny's family grew up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack them lunch, then they have erratic and diverse eating habits.\nIf people in Franny's family have erratic and diverse eating habits, then they do not have consistent everyday routines and like sticking to a solid schedule.\nDamon is in Franny's family. \nDamon either both grow up with extremely busy parents who did not have time to pack her lunch and have consistent everyday routines and like sticking to a solid schedule, or Damon did neither.", + "original_conclusion": "If Damon is in Franny's family and he either visits the dentist frequently or drinks kombucha, then Damon both visits the dentist frequently and drinks Coca-Cola or Pepsi products every day." + }, + { + "id": "folio_63", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a customer subscribes to AMC A-List, then he/she can watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome customers go to cinemas every week. \nCustomers who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nJames watches TV series in cinemas. \nJames subscribes to AMC A-List.\nPeter prefers TV series.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James cannot watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 22, + "example_id": 63, + "original_premises": "If a customer subscribes to AMC A-List, then he/she can watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome customers go to cinemas every week. \nCustomers who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nJames watches TV series in cinemas. \nJames subscribes to AMC A-List.\nPeter prefers TV series.", + "original_conclusion": "James cannot watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees." + }, + { + "id": "folio_65", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nIf a customer subscribes to AMC A-List, then he/she can watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome customers go to cinemas every week. \nCustomers who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nJames watches TV series in cinemas. \nJames subscribes to AMC A-List.\nPeter prefers TV series.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Peter will not watch TV series in cinemas.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 22, + "example_id": 65, + "original_premises": "If a customer subscribes to AMC A-List, then he/she can watch 3 movies every week without any additional fees. \nSome customers go to cinemas every week. \nCustomers who prefer TV series will not watch TV series in cinemas.\nJames watches TV series in cinemas. \nJames subscribes to AMC A-List.\nPeter prefers TV series.", + "original_conclusion": "Peter will not watch TV series in cinemas." + }, + { + "id": "folio_719", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nBulbophyllum attenuatum is in the genus Bulbophyllum.\nAll Bulbophyllum are orchids.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Bulbophyllum attenuatum is not an orchid.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 275, + "example_id": 719, + "original_premises": "Bulbophyllum attenuatum is in the genus Bulbophyllum.\nAll Bulbophyllum are orchids.", + "original_conclusion": "Bulbophyllum attenuatum is not an orchid." + }, + { + "id": "folio_467", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are eight federal districts of Russia: Central, Northwestern, Southern, North Caucasian, Volga, Ural, Siberian, and Far Eastern.\nThe Central federal district has the largest population among all federal districts in Russia.\nMoscow is the administrative center of the Central federal district.\nYekaterinburg is the administrative center of the Ural federal district.\nVladivostok is the administrative center of the Far Eastern federal district.\nThe Far Eastern federal district has the largest area among all federal districts in Russia.\nSome federal districts in Russia were established in 2000.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Vladivostok is the administrative center of the federal district with the largest area.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 163, + "example_id": 467, + "original_premises": "There are eight federal districts of Russia: Central, Northwestern, Southern, North Caucasian, Volga, Ural, Siberian, and Far Eastern.\nThe Central federal district has the largest population among all federal districts in Russia.\nMoscow is the administrative center of the Central federal district.\nYekaterinburg is the administrative center of the Ural federal district.\nVladivostok is the administrative center of the Far Eastern federal district.\nThe Far Eastern federal district has the largest area among all federal districts in Russia.\nSome federal districts in Russia were established in 2000.", + "original_conclusion": "Vladivostok is the administrative center of the federal district with the largest area." + }, + { + "id": "folio_468", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThere are eight federal districts of Russia: Central, Northwestern, Southern, North Caucasian, Volga, Ural, Siberian, and Far Eastern.\nThe Central federal district has the largest population among all federal districts in Russia.\nMoscow is the administrative center of the Central federal district.\nYekaterinburg is the administrative center of the Ural federal district.\nVladivostok is the administrative center of the Far Eastern federal district.\nThe Far Eastern federal district has the largest area among all federal districts in Russia.\nSome federal districts in Russia were established in 2000.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Moscow is the administrative center of the federal district with the largest population.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 163, + "example_id": 468, + "original_premises": "There are eight federal districts of Russia: Central, Northwestern, Southern, North Caucasian, Volga, Ural, Siberian, and Far Eastern.\nThe Central federal district has the largest population among all federal districts in Russia.\nMoscow is the administrative center of the Central federal district.\nYekaterinburg is the administrative center of the Ural federal district.\nVladivostok is the administrative center of the Far Eastern federal district.\nThe Far Eastern federal district has the largest area among all federal districts in Russia.\nSome federal districts in Russia were established in 2000.", + "original_conclusion": "Moscow is the administrative center of the federal district with the largest population." + }, + { + "id": "folio_811", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Arthritis is colorectal cancer.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 320, + "example_id": 811, + "original_premises": "All cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.", + "original_conclusion": "Arthritis is colorectal cancer." + }, + { + "id": "folio_812", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Arthritis is not colorectal cancer.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 320, + "example_id": 812, + "original_premises": "All cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.", + "original_conclusion": "Arthritis is not colorectal cancer." + }, + { + "id": "folio_813", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Arthritis is colorectal cancer or has mutations.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 320, + "example_id": 813, + "original_premises": "All cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.", + "original_conclusion": "Arthritis is colorectal cancer or has mutations." + }, + { + "id": "folio_814", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Arthritis is colorectal cancer and a cancer.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 320, + "example_id": 814, + "original_premises": "All cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.", + "original_conclusion": "Arthritis is colorectal cancer and a cancer." + }, + { + "id": "folio_815", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAll cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If arthritis is not colorectal cancer, then arthritis has mutations.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 320, + "example_id": 815, + "original_premises": "All cancers have mutations.\nNo mutations can be treated at home.\nAll colorectal cancers are cancers.\nA cold can be treated at home.\nArthritis either is a cold and has mutations or neither is a cold nor has mutations.", + "original_conclusion": "If arthritis is not colorectal cancer, then arthritis has mutations." + }, + { + "id": "folio_747", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nJerry should not worry about things outside of his control.\nAll traffic is outside of my control.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Jerry should not worry about traffic.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 303, + "example_id": 747, + "original_premises": "Jerry should not worry about things outside of his control.\nAll traffic is outside of my control.", + "original_conclusion": "Jerry should not worry about traffic." + }, + { + "id": "folio_341", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRoversi is an Italian surname.\nAlba Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nPaolo Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nRoberto Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nPaolo Roversi is a photographer.\nA photographer is a professional or an amateur.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Alba Roversi uses an Italian surname.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 113, + "example_id": 341, + "original_premises": "Roversi is an Italian surname.\nAlba Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nPaolo Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nRoberto Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nPaolo Roversi is a photographer.\nA photographer is a professional or an amateur.", + "original_conclusion": "Alba Roversi uses an Italian surname." + }, + { + "id": "folio_342", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRoversi is an Italian surname.\nAlba Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nPaolo Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nRoberto Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nPaolo Roversi is a photographer.\nA photographer is a professional or an amateur.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There are no photographers using an Italian surname.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 113, + "example_id": 342, + "original_premises": "Roversi is an Italian surname.\nAlba Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nPaolo Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nRoberto Roversi uses Roversi as a surname.\nPaolo Roversi is a photographer.\nA photographer is a professional or an amateur.", + "original_conclusion": "There are no photographers using an Italian surname." + }, + { + "id": "folio_672", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nZaha Hadid is a British-Iraqi architect, artist, and designer.\nZaha Hadid was born on 31 October 1950 in Baghdad, Iraq.\nZaha Hadid was a visiting professor of Architectural Design at the Yale School of Architecture.\nMax is an aspiring architecture student and plans to apply to the Yale School of Architecture. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Zaha Hadid was a citizen of Britain and Iraq.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 237, + "example_id": 672, + "original_premises": "Zaha Hadid is a British-Iraqi architect, artist, and designer.\nZaha Hadid was born on 31 October 1950 in Baghdad, Iraq.\nZaha Hadid was a visiting professor of Architectural Design at the Yale School of Architecture.\nMax is an aspiring architecture student and plans to apply to the Yale School of Architecture. ", + "original_conclusion": "Zaha Hadid was a citizen of Britain and Iraq." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1077", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA neuroimaging technique is either an invasive neuroimaging technique or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique. \nAll noninvasive neuroimaging techniques provide a spatial resolution of brains.\nIf a technique provides a spatial resolution of brains, then it is a measurement of brain activity. \nAll measurements of brain activity are used by neuroscience researchers.\nFMRI is either a measurement of brain activity or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique.\nFMRI is a neuroimaging technique.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: FMRI is an invasive neuroimaging technique and is used by neuroscience researchers.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 396, + "example_id": 1077, + "original_premises": "A neuroimaging technique is either an invasive neuroimaging technique or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique. \nAll noninvasive neuroimaging techniques provide a spatial resolution of brains.\nIf a technique provides a spatial resolution of brains, then it is a measurement of brain activity. \nAll measurements of brain activity are used by neuroscience researchers.\nFMRI is either a measurement of brain activity or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique.\nFMRI is a neuroimaging technique.", + "original_conclusion": "FMRI is an invasive neuroimaging technique and is used by neuroscience researchers." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1078", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA neuroimaging technique is either an invasive neuroimaging technique or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique. \nAll noninvasive neuroimaging techniques provide a spatial resolution of brains.\nIf a technique provides a spatial resolution of brains, then it is a measurement of brain activity. \nAll measurements of brain activity are used by neuroscience researchers.\nFMRI is either a measurement of brain activity or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique.\nFMRI is a neuroimaging technique.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: FMRI is either an invasive neuroimaging technique or is used by neuroscience researchers.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 396, + "example_id": 1078, + "original_premises": "A neuroimaging technique is either an invasive neuroimaging technique or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique. \nAll noninvasive neuroimaging techniques provide a spatial resolution of brains.\nIf a technique provides a spatial resolution of brains, then it is a measurement of brain activity. \nAll measurements of brain activity are used by neuroscience researchers.\nFMRI is either a measurement of brain activity or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique.\nFMRI is a neuroimaging technique.", + "original_conclusion": "FMRI is either an invasive neuroimaging technique or is used by neuroscience researchers." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1079", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nA neuroimaging technique is either an invasive neuroimaging technique or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique. \nAll noninvasive neuroimaging techniques provide a spatial resolution of brains.\nIf a technique provides a spatial resolution of brains, then it is a measurement of brain activity. \nAll measurements of brain activity are used by neuroscience researchers.\nFMRI is either a measurement of brain activity or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique.\nFMRI is a neuroimaging technique.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If fMRI is not an invasive neuroimaging technique used by neuroscience researchers, then fMRI is neither a noninvasive neuroimaging technique nor provides a spatial resolution of brains.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 396, + "example_id": 1079, + "original_premises": "A neuroimaging technique is either an invasive neuroimaging technique or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique. \nAll noninvasive neuroimaging techniques provide a spatial resolution of brains.\nIf a technique provides a spatial resolution of brains, then it is a measurement of brain activity. \nAll measurements of brain activity are used by neuroscience researchers.\nFMRI is either a measurement of brain activity or a noninvasive neuroimaging technique.\nFMRI is a neuroimaging technique.", + "original_conclusion": "If fMRI is not an invasive neuroimaging technique used by neuroscience researchers, then fMRI is neither a noninvasive neuroimaging technique nor provides a spatial resolution of brains." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1255", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nResearchers present their work at the conference or provide a tutorial session there.\nEveryone who presents their work at the conference will attend in person. \nEveryone providing a tutorial session at the conference will be invited to join the club. \nEveryone who attends the conference in person is provided with souvenirs. \nEveryone invited to join the club is provided with delicious meals. \nEveryone provided with delicious meals is happy to communicate with each other during the dinner. \nEveryone who is provided with delicious meals is invited to take a photo with the audience. \nIt is not true that James both attended the conference in person and was provided with souvenirs.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James is invited to take a photo with the audience and is happy to communicate with other guests at the dinner.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 437, + "example_id": 1255, + "original_premises": "Researchers present their work at the conference or provide a tutorial session there.\nEveryone who presents their work at the conference will attend in person. \nEveryone providing a tutorial session at the conference will be invited to join the club. \nEveryone who attends the conference in person is provided with souvenirs. \nEveryone invited to join the club is provided with delicious meals. \nEveryone provided with delicious meals is happy to communicate with each other during the dinner. \nEveryone who is provided with delicious meals is invited to take a photo with the audience. \nIt is not true that James both attended the conference in person and was provided with souvenirs.", + "original_conclusion": "James is invited to take a photo with the audience and is happy to communicate with other guests at the dinner." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1256", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nResearchers present their work at the conference or provide a tutorial session there.\nEveryone who presents their work at the conference will attend in person. \nEveryone providing a tutorial session at the conference will be invited to join the club. \nEveryone who attends the conference in person is provided with souvenirs. \nEveryone invited to join the club is provided with delicious meals. \nEveryone provided with delicious meals is happy to communicate with each other during the dinner. \nEveryone who is provided with delicious meals is invited to take a photo with the audience. \nIt is not true that James both attended the conference in person and was provided with souvenirs.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James is invited to take a photo with the audience or is happy to communicate with other guests(?) during the dinner.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 437, + "example_id": 1256, + "original_premises": "Researchers present their work at the conference or provide a tutorial session there.\nEveryone who presents their work at the conference will attend in person. \nEveryone providing a tutorial session at the conference will be invited to join the club. \nEveryone who attends the conference in person is provided with souvenirs. \nEveryone invited to join the club is provided with delicious meals. \nEveryone provided with delicious meals is happy to communicate with each other during the dinner. \nEveryone who is provided with delicious meals is invited to take a photo with the audience. \nIt is not true that James both attended the conference in person and was provided with souvenirs.", + "original_conclusion": "James is invited to take a photo with the audience or is happy to communicate with other guests(?) during the dinner." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1257", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nResearchers present their work at the conference or provide a tutorial session there.\nEveryone who presents their work at the conference will attend in person. \nEveryone providing a tutorial session at the conference will be invited to join the club. \nEveryone who attends the conference in person is provided with souvenirs. \nEveryone invited to join the club is provided with delicious meals. \nEveryone provided with delicious meals is happy to communicate with each other during the dinner. \nEveryone who is provided with delicious meals is invited to take a photo with the audience. \nIt is not true that James both attended the conference in person and was provided with souvenirs.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: James is either invited to take a photo with the audience or happy to communicate with other guests(?) during the dinner.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 437, + "example_id": 1257, + "original_premises": "Researchers present their work at the conference or provide a tutorial session there.\nEveryone who presents their work at the conference will attend in person. \nEveryone providing a tutorial session at the conference will be invited to join the club. \nEveryone who attends the conference in person is provided with souvenirs. \nEveryone invited to join the club is provided with delicious meals. \nEveryone provided with delicious meals is happy to communicate with each other during the dinner. \nEveryone who is provided with delicious meals is invited to take a photo with the audience. \nIt is not true that James both attended the conference in person and was provided with souvenirs.", + "original_conclusion": "James is either invited to take a photo with the audience or happy to communicate with other guests(?) during the dinner." + }, + { + "id": "folio_38", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe USS Salem is a heavy cruiser built for the United States Navy.\nThe last heavy cruiser to enter service was the USS Salem.\nThe USS Salem is a museum ship.\nMuseum ships are open to the public.\nThe USS Salem served in the Atlantic and Mediterranean.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The USS Salem is open to the public.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 14, + "example_id": 38, + "original_premises": "The USS Salem is a heavy cruiser built for the United States Navy.\nThe last heavy cruiser to enter service was the USS Salem.\nThe USS Salem is a museum ship.\nMuseum ships are open to the public.\nThe USS Salem served in the Atlantic and Mediterranean.", + "original_conclusion": "The USS Salem is open to the public." + }, + { + "id": "folio_39", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe USS Salem is a heavy cruiser built for the United States Navy.\nThe last heavy cruiser to enter service was the USS Salem.\nThe USS Salem is a museum ship.\nMuseum ships are open to the public.\nThe USS Salem served in the Atlantic and Mediterranean.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: There is a museum ship open to the public that served in the Mediterranean.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 14, + "example_id": 39, + "original_premises": "The USS Salem is a heavy cruiser built for the United States Navy.\nThe last heavy cruiser to enter service was the USS Salem.\nThe USS Salem is a museum ship.\nMuseum ships are open to the public.\nThe USS Salem served in the Atlantic and Mediterranean.", + "original_conclusion": "There is a museum ship open to the public that served in the Mediterranean." + }, + { + "id": "folio_40", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nThe USS Salem is a heavy cruiser built for the United States Navy.\nThe last heavy cruiser to enter service was the USS Salem.\nThe USS Salem is a museum ship.\nMuseum ships are open to the public.\nThe USS Salem served in the Atlantic and Mediterranean.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: The USS Salem was not the last heavy cruiser to enter service.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 14, + "example_id": 40, + "original_premises": "The USS Salem is a heavy cruiser built for the United States Navy.\nThe last heavy cruiser to enter service was the USS Salem.\nThe USS Salem is a museum ship.\nMuseum ships are open to the public.\nThe USS Salem served in the Atlantic and Mediterranean.", + "original_conclusion": "The USS Salem was not the last heavy cruiser to enter service." + }, + { + "id": "folio_413", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTS Leda was a good passenger and cargo vessel.\nTS Leda was a Norwegian vessel that was built with stabilizers.\nStabilizers are mechanical devices found only on ships with powerful steam turbine engines.\nTo be a good passenger and cargo vessel, ships must be quiet and good at sea.\nSome ships that are quiet and good at sea have powerful steam turbine engines.\nVessels are ships.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: TS Leda was quiet and good at sea.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 141, + "example_id": 413, + "original_premises": "TS Leda was a good passenger and cargo vessel.\nTS Leda was a Norwegian vessel that was built with stabilizers.\nStabilizers are mechanical devices found only on ships with powerful steam turbine engines.\nTo be a good passenger and cargo vessel, ships must be quiet and good at sea.\nSome ships that are quiet and good at sea have powerful steam turbine engines.\nVessels are ships.", + "original_conclusion": "TS Leda was quiet and good at sea." + }, + { + "id": "folio_414", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTS Leda was a good passenger and cargo vessel.\nTS Leda was a Norwegian vessel that was built with stabilizers.\nStabilizers are mechanical devices found only on ships with powerful steam turbine engines.\nTo be a good passenger and cargo vessel, ships must be quiet and good at sea.\nSome ships that are quiet and good at sea have powerful steam turbine engines.\nVessels are ships.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: TS Leda had powerful steam turbine engines.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 141, + "example_id": 414, + "original_premises": "TS Leda was a good passenger and cargo vessel.\nTS Leda was a Norwegian vessel that was built with stabilizers.\nStabilizers are mechanical devices found only on ships with powerful steam turbine engines.\nTo be a good passenger and cargo vessel, ships must be quiet and good at sea.\nSome ships that are quiet and good at sea have powerful steam turbine engines.\nVessels are ships.", + "original_conclusion": "TS Leda had powerful steam turbine engines." + }, + { + "id": "folio_415", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTS Leda was a good passenger and cargo vessel.\nTS Leda was a Norwegian vessel that was built with stabilizers.\nStabilizers are mechanical devices found only on ships with powerful steam turbine engines.\nTo be a good passenger and cargo vessel, ships must be quiet and good at sea.\nSome ships that are quiet and good at sea have powerful steam turbine engines.\nVessels are ships.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: TS Leda was not a Norwegian vessel.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 141, + "example_id": 415, + "original_premises": "TS Leda was a good passenger and cargo vessel.\nTS Leda was a Norwegian vessel that was built with stabilizers.\nStabilizers are mechanical devices found only on ships with powerful steam turbine engines.\nTo be a good passenger and cargo vessel, ships must be quiet and good at sea.\nSome ships that are quiet and good at sea have powerful steam turbine engines.\nVessels are ships.", + "original_conclusion": "TS Leda was not a Norwegian vessel." + }, + { + "id": "folio_552", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRosa was born in Santiago. \nSantiago is the capital and largest city of Chile.\nRosa is the daughter of a Catalan building contractor, Jose.\nJose has a Chilean wife, Carmen.\nCarmen and Jose are Rosa's parents.\nPeople from Catalan are not from Chile.\nA building contractor is responsible for the day-to-day oversight of a construction site. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Rosa was born in the largest city of Chile.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 194, + "example_id": 552, + "original_premises": "Rosa was born in Santiago. \nSantiago is the capital and largest city of Chile.\nRosa is the daughter of a Catalan building contractor, Jose.\nJose has a Chilean wife, Carmen.\nCarmen and Jose are Rosa's parents.\nPeople from Catalan are not from Chile.\nA building contractor is responsible for the day-to-day oversight of a construction site. ", + "original_conclusion": "Rosa was born in the largest city of Chile." + }, + { + "id": "folio_553", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRosa was born in Santiago. \nSantiago is the capital and largest city of Chile.\nRosa is the daughter of a Catalan building contractor, Jose.\nJose has a Chilean wife, Carmen.\nCarmen and Jose are Rosa's parents.\nPeople from Catalan are not from Chile.\nA building contractor is responsible for the day-to-day oversight of a construction site. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Neither of Rosa's parents is Chilean.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 194, + "example_id": 553, + "original_premises": "Rosa was born in Santiago. \nSantiago is the capital and largest city of Chile.\nRosa is the daughter of a Catalan building contractor, Jose.\nJose has a Chilean wife, Carmen.\nCarmen and Jose are Rosa's parents.\nPeople from Catalan are not from Chile.\nA building contractor is responsible for the day-to-day oversight of a construction site. ", + "original_conclusion": "Neither of Rosa's parents is Chilean." + }, + { + "id": "folio_554", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nRosa was born in Santiago. \nSantiago is the capital and largest city of Chile.\nRosa is the daughter of a Catalan building contractor, Jose.\nJose has a Chilean wife, Carmen.\nCarmen and Jose are Rosa's parents.\nPeople from Catalan are not from Chile.\nA building contractor is responsible for the day-to-day oversight of a construction site. \n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Rosa is the daughter of someone who is responsible for the oversight of traffic.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 194, + "example_id": 554, + "original_premises": "Rosa was born in Santiago. \nSantiago is the capital and largest city of Chile.\nRosa is the daughter of a Catalan building contractor, Jose.\nJose has a Chilean wife, Carmen.\nCarmen and Jose are Rosa's parents.\nPeople from Catalan are not from Chile.\nA building contractor is responsible for the day-to-day oversight of a construction site. ", + "original_conclusion": "Rosa is the daughter of someone who is responsible for the oversight of traffic." + }, + { + "id": "folio_104", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTyga is a rapper.\nRappers release rap albums.\nTyga released the Well Done 3 album.\nRappers are not opera singers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Well Done 3 is a rap album.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 36, + "example_id": 104, + "original_premises": "Tyga is a rapper.\nRappers release rap albums.\nTyga released the Well Done 3 album.\nRappers are not opera singers.", + "original_conclusion": "Well Done 3 is a rap album." + }, + { + "id": "folio_105", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nTyga is a rapper.\nRappers release rap albums.\nTyga released the Well Done 3 album.\nRappers are not opera singers.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Tyga is an opera singer.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 36, + "example_id": 105, + "original_premises": "Tyga is a rapper.\nRappers release rap albums.\nTyga released the Well Done 3 album.\nRappers are not opera singers.", + "original_conclusion": "Tyga is an opera singer." + }, + { + "id": "folio_292", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDeborah Wallace is a Scottish-born actress, playwright, and producer.\nPsyche is a play based on the life of James Miranda Barry.\nHomesick, Psyche and The Void are plays by Deborah Wallace.\nDeborah Wallace co-produced Gasland.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Gasland was coproduced by the same person Homesick was from.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 97, + "example_id": 292, + "original_premises": "Deborah Wallace is a Scottish-born actress, playwright, and producer.\nPsyche is a play based on the life of James Miranda Barry.\nHomesick, Psyche and The Void are plays by Deborah Wallace.\nDeborah Wallace co-produced Gasland.", + "original_conclusion": "Gasland was coproduced by the same person Homesick was from." + }, + { + "id": "folio_293", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nDeborah Wallace is a Scottish-born actress, playwright, and producer.\nPsyche is a play based on the life of James Miranda Barry.\nHomesick, Psyche and The Void are plays by Deborah Wallace.\nDeborah Wallace co-produced Gasland.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: No plays by Deborah Wallace are based on the life of James Miranda Barry.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 97, + "example_id": 293, + "original_premises": "Deborah Wallace is a Scottish-born actress, playwright, and producer.\nPsyche is a play based on the life of James Miranda Barry.\nHomesick, Psyche and The Void are plays by Deborah Wallace.\nDeborah Wallace co-produced Gasland.", + "original_conclusion": "No plays by Deborah Wallace are based on the life of James Miranda Barry." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1293", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAnimals who need large territory travel far.\nEvery animal that eats a lot needs a large territory.\nIf something is a big animal, then it will eat a lot.\nBears are big animals.\nLarry is a big animal.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Larry is not a bear and does not travel far.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 449, + "example_id": 1293, + "original_premises": "Animals who need large territory travel far.\nEvery animal that eats a lot needs a large territory.\nIf something is a big animal, then it will eat a lot.\nBears are big animals.\nLarry is a big animal.", + "original_conclusion": "Larry is not a bear and does not travel far." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1294", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAnimals who need large territory travel far.\nEvery animal that eats a lot needs a large territory.\nIf something is a big animal, then it will eat a lot.\nBears are big animals.\nLarry is a big animal.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: If Larry either travels far or needs a large territory, then Larry is a bear.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 449, + "example_id": 1294, + "original_premises": "Animals who need large territory travel far.\nEvery animal that eats a lot needs a large territory.\nIf something is a big animal, then it will eat a lot.\nBears are big animals.\nLarry is a big animal.", + "original_conclusion": "If Larry either travels far or needs a large territory, then Larry is a bear." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1331", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAny convicted criminal that is innocent is not truly guilty.\nAll convicted criminals who did not commit a crime are truly innocent.\nAll convicted criminals are truly guilty or found guilty.\nIf a convicted criminal is found guilty, then they are sentenced to a punishment.\nIf a convicted criminal is found guilty, then they can argue against their punishment.\nGarry is a convicted criminal who not found guilty or is sentenced to punishment.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Garry did not commit a crime and can argue against his punishment.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 461, + "example_id": 1331, + "original_premises": "Any convicted criminal that is innocent is not truly guilty.\nAll convicted criminals who did not commit a crime are truly innocent.\nAll convicted criminals are truly guilty or found guilty.\nIf a convicted criminal is found guilty, then they are sentenced to a punishment.\nIf a convicted criminal is found guilty, then they can argue against their punishment.\nGarry is a convicted criminal who not found guilty or is sentenced to punishment.", + "original_conclusion": "Garry did not commit a crime and can argue against his punishment." + }, + { + "id": "folio_1332", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nAny convicted criminal that is innocent is not truly guilty.\nAll convicted criminals who did not commit a crime are truly innocent.\nAll convicted criminals are truly guilty or found guilty.\nIf a convicted criminal is found guilty, then they are sentenced to a punishment.\nIf a convicted criminal is found guilty, then they can argue against their punishment.\nGarry is a convicted criminal who not found guilty or is sentenced to punishment.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Garry is not both innocent and someone who did not commit a crime.", + "answer": true, + "story_id": 461, + "example_id": 1332, + "original_premises": "Any convicted criminal that is innocent is not truly guilty.\nAll convicted criminals who did not commit a crime are truly innocent.\nAll convicted criminals are truly guilty or found guilty.\nIf a convicted criminal is found guilty, then they are sentenced to a punishment.\nIf a convicted criminal is found guilty, then they can argue against their punishment.\nGarry is a convicted criminal who not found guilty or is sentenced to punishment.", + "original_conclusion": "Garry is not both innocent and someone who did not commit a crime." + }, + { + "id": "folio_400", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPhoneix's music is classified under the indie pop genre.\nPhoenix is a band from France.\nFrench bands write songs in French or in English.\nAside from indie pop, pop rock and synth-pop are two other genres of music.\nPhoenix has no songs in French.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Phoneix's music is classified under the pop rock genre.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 136, + "example_id": 400, + "original_premises": "Phoneix's music is classified under the indie pop genre.\nPhoenix is a band from France.\nFrench bands write songs in French or in English.\nAside from indie pop, pop rock and synth-pop are two other genres of music.\nPhoenix has no songs in French.", + "original_conclusion": "Phoneix's music is classified under the pop rock genre." + }, + { + "id": "folio_401", + "question": "Given the following premises:\n\nPhoneix's music is classified under the indie pop genre.\nPhoenix is a band from France.\nFrench bands write songs in French or in English.\nAside from indie pop, pop rock and synth-pop are two other genres of music.\nPhoenix has no songs in French.\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: Phoenix writes songs in French.", + "answer": false, + "story_id": 136, + "example_id": 401, + "original_premises": "Phoneix's music is classified under the indie pop genre.\nPhoenix is a band from France.\nFrench bands write songs in French or in English.\nAside from indie pop, pop rock and synth-pop are two other genres of music.\nPhoenix has no songs in French.", + "original_conclusion": "Phoenix writes songs in French." + } +] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/examples/proofwriter_test.parquet b/data/proofwriter_test.parquet similarity index 100% rename from examples/proofwriter_test.parquet rename to data/proofwriter_test.parquet diff --git a/examples/proofwriter_test_processed.json b/data/proofwriter_test_processed.json similarity index 100% rename from examples/proofwriter_test_processed.json rename to data/proofwriter_test_processed.json diff --git a/examples/strategyQA_train.json b/data/strategyQA_train.json similarity index 100% rename from examples/strategyQA_train.json rename to data/strategyQA_train.json diff --git a/examples/strategyqa_results.json b/data/strategyqa_results.json similarity index 100% rename from examples/strategyqa_results.json rename to data/strategyqa_results.json diff --git a/examples/azure_gpt5_usage.py b/examples/azure_gpt5_usage.py index ba1a637..d97e89a 100644 --- a/examples/azure_gpt5_usage.py +++ b/examples/azure_gpt5_usage.py @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ # Import Azure configuration helper from azure_config import get_client_config -from z3dsl.reasoning import ProofOfThought +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought # Configure logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") diff --git a/examples/azure_simple_example.py b/examples/azure_simple_example.py index ec6cdaa..4003ab2 100644 --- a/examples/azure_simple_example.py +++ b/examples/azure_simple_example.py @@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ # Import Azure configuration helper from azure_config import get_client_config -from z3dsl.reasoning import ProofOfThought +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought # Configure logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") diff --git a/examples/backend_comparison.py b/examples/backend_comparison.py index bc03ef6..0f3625d 100644 --- a/examples/backend_comparison.py +++ b/examples/backend_comparison.py @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ import sys from pathlib import Path -# Add parent directory to path for z3dsl imports +# Add parent directory to path for z3adapter imports sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) # Import Azure configuration helper from azure_config import get_client_config -from z3dsl.reasoning import ProofOfThought +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought # Configure logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") diff --git a/examples/batch_evaluation.py b/examples/batch_evaluation.py index 7248e19..e60fcd3 100644 --- a/examples/batch_evaluation.py +++ b/examples/batch_evaluation.py @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from openai import OpenAI -from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought +from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought # Configure logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ model = "gpt-4o" # Option 2: Azure OpenAI GPT-5 (uncomment to use) -# from azure_config import get_client_config +# from utils.azure_config import get_client_config # config = get_client_config() # client = config["llm_client"] # model = config["model"] diff --git a/examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py b/examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py index 9a582c9..b1d69fb 100644 --- a/examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py +++ b/examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py @@ -5,12 +5,12 @@ import sys from pathlib import Path -# Add parent directory to path for z3dsl imports +# Add parent directory to path for z3adapter imports sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) from azure_config import get_client_config -from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought +from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought # Configure logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") diff --git a/examples/migration_example.py b/examples/migration_example.py index 26cc717..0b7aca2 100644 --- a/examples/migration_example.py +++ b/examples/migration_example.py @@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ from openai import OpenAI -from z3dsl.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought +from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought # Configure logging (same as original) logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") diff --git a/examples/simple_usage.py b/examples/simple_usage.py index 3566650..cc48dac 100644 --- a/examples/simple_usage.py +++ b/examples/simple_usage.py @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from openai import OpenAI -from z3dsl.reasoning import ProofOfThought +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought # Configure logging logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") @@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client, model="gpt-4o") # Option 2: Azure OpenAI GPT-5 (uncomment to use) -# from azure_config import get_client_config +# from utils.azure_config import get_client_config # config = get_client_config() # pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=config["llm_client"], model=config["model"]) diff --git a/examples/test_strategyqa.py b/examples/test_strategyqa.py index eff7dac..060e0e3 100644 --- a/examples/test_strategyqa.py +++ b/examples/test_strategyqa.py @@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent.absolute())) from examples.azure_config import get_client_config -from z3dsl.reasoning import ProofOfThought +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought # Configure logging logging.basicConfig( diff --git a/experiments_pipeline.py b/experiments_pipeline.py new file mode 100755 index 0000000..e8f9d54 --- /dev/null +++ b/experiments_pipeline.py @@ -0,0 +1,365 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +""" +Experiments Pipeline: Run all benchmarks with both backends and generate results table. +Note : This makes a fair number of LLM calls and is only for benchmarking. + +This script: +1. Runs all benchmarks (ProntoQA, FOLIO, ProofWriter, ConditionalQA, StrategyQA) +2. Tests both backends (SMT2 and JSON) +3. Collects metrics and generates comparison tables +4. Updates README.md with results +""" + +import json +import logging +import os +import subprocess +import sys +from datetime import datetime +from typing import Any + +# Configure logging +logging.basicConfig( + level=logging.INFO, + format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s", +) +logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) + +# Configuration +BENCHMARKS = { + "prontoqa": "benchmark/bench_prontoqa.py", + "folio": "benchmark/bench_folio.py", + "proofwriter": "benchmark/bench_proofwriter.py", + "conditionalqa": "benchmark/bench_conditionalqa.py", + "strategyqa": "benchmark/bench_strategyqa.py", +} + +BACKENDS = ["smt2", "json"] +RESULTS_DIR = "results" +RESULTS_TABLE_PATH = os.path.join(RESULTS_DIR, "benchmark_results.md") +RESULTS_JSON_PATH = os.path.join(RESULTS_DIR, "benchmark_results.json") + + +def modify_backend_in_script(script_path: str, backend: str) -> None: + """Temporarily modify the BACKEND variable in a benchmark script. + + Args: + script_path: Path to benchmark script + backend: Backend to set ("smt2" or "json") + """ + with open(script_path) as f: + content = f.read() + + # Replace BACKEND = "..." with new value + import re + + modified = re.sub(r'BACKEND = "[^"]*"', f'BACKEND = "{backend}"', content) + + with open(script_path, "w") as f: + f.write(modified) + + logger.info(f"Modified {script_path} to use backend={backend}") + + +def run_benchmark(benchmark_name: str, script_path: str, backend: str) -> bool: + """Run a single benchmark script. + + Args: + benchmark_name: Name of benchmark + script_path: Path to benchmark script + backend: Backend to use + + Returns: + True if successful, False otherwise + """ + logger.info(f"Running {benchmark_name} with {backend} backend...") + + try: + # Modify script to use correct backend + modify_backend_in_script(script_path, backend) + + # Run the benchmark + result = subprocess.run( + [sys.executable, script_path], + capture_output=True, + text=True, + timeout=3600, # 1 hour timeout + ) + + if result.returncode != 0: + logger.error(f"Benchmark {benchmark_name} failed with backend {backend}") + logger.error(f"STDERR: {result.stderr}") + return False + + logger.info(f"Completed {benchmark_name} with {backend} backend") + return True + + except subprocess.TimeoutExpired: + logger.error(f"Benchmark {benchmark_name} timed out with backend {backend}") + return False + except Exception as e: + logger.error(f"Error running {benchmark_name} with {backend}: {e}") + return False + + +def collect_metrics(benchmark_name: str, backend: str) -> dict[str, Any] | None: + """Collect metrics from evaluation results. + + Args: + benchmark_name: Name of benchmark + backend: Backend used + + Returns: + Dictionary of metrics or None if not found + """ + eval_dir = f"output/{backend}_evaluation_{benchmark_name}" + + if not os.path.exists(eval_dir): + logger.warning(f"Results directory not found: {eval_dir}") + return None + + # Collect all result files + result_files = [f for f in os.listdir(eval_dir) if f.endswith("_result.json")] + + if not result_files: + logger.warning(f"No result files found in {eval_dir}") + return None + + # Parse results + total = 0 + correct = 0 + wrong = 0 + failed = 0 + tp = 0 + tn = 0 + fp = 0 + fn = 0 + + for result_file in result_files: + try: + with open(os.path.join(eval_dir, result_file)) as f: + data = json.load(f) + + total += 1 + ground_truth = data.get("ground_truth") + answer = data.get("answer") + success = data.get("success") + + if not success or answer is None: + failed += 1 + continue + + if answer == ground_truth: + correct += 1 + if ground_truth: + tp += 1 + else: + tn += 1 + else: + wrong += 1 + if answer: + fp += 1 + else: + fn += 1 + + except Exception as e: + logger.warning(f"Failed to parse {result_file}: {e}") + continue + + # Calculate metrics + accuracy = correct / total if total > 0 else 0.0 + + # Precision, Recall, F1 + precision = tp / (tp + fp) if (tp + fp) > 0 else 0.0 + recall = tp / (tp + fn) if (tp + fn) > 0 else 0.0 + f1 = 2 * precision * recall / (precision + recall) if (precision + recall) > 0 else 0.0 + + success_rate = (total - failed) / total if total > 0 else 0.0 + + return { + "benchmark": benchmark_name, + "backend": backend, + "total_samples": total, + "correct": correct, + "wrong": wrong, + "failed": failed, + "accuracy": accuracy, + "precision": precision, + "recall": recall, + "f1_score": f1, + "success_rate": success_rate, + "tp": tp, + "tn": tn, + "fp": fp, + "fn": fn, + } + + +def generate_markdown_table(all_results: list[dict[str, Any]]) -> str: + """Generate markdown table from results. + + Args: + all_results: List of result dictionaries + + Returns: + Markdown formatted table + """ + lines = [ + "# Benchmark Results", + "", + f"**Last Updated:** {datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')}", + "", + "| Benchmark | Backend | Samples | Accuracy | Precision | Recall | F1 Score | Success Rate |", + "|-----------|---------|---------|----------|-----------|--------|----------|--------------|", + ] + + for result in all_results: + line = ( + f"| {result['benchmark'].upper()} " + f"| {result['backend'].upper()} " + f"| {result['total_samples']} " + f"| {result['accuracy']:.2%} " + f"| {result['precision']:.4f} " + f"| {result['recall']:.4f} " + f"| {result['f1_score']:.4f} " + f"| {result['success_rate']:.2%} |" + ) + lines.append(line) + + lines.extend( + [ + "", + "## Notes", + "", + "- **Success Rate**: Percentage of queries that completed without errors", + "", + ] + ) + + return "\n".join(lines) + + +def update_readme(table_content: str) -> None: + """Update README.md with benchmark results. + + Args: + table_content: Markdown table content + """ + readme_path = "README.md" + + with open(readme_path) as f: + readme_content = f.read() + + # Check if markers exist + start_marker = "" + end_marker = "" + + if start_marker in readme_content and end_marker in readme_content: + # Replace existing content + import re + + pattern = f"{re.escape(start_marker)}.*?{re.escape(end_marker)}" + replacement = f"{start_marker}\n\n{table_content}\n\n{end_marker}" + new_content = re.sub(pattern, replacement, readme_content, flags=re.DOTALL) + else: + # Append at the end + new_content = ( + readme_content.rstrip() + f"\n\n{start_marker}\n\n{table_content}\n\n{end_marker}\n" + ) + + with open(readme_path, "w") as f: + f.write(new_content) + + logger.info("Updated README.md with benchmark results") + + +def main() -> None: + """Main execution pipeline.""" + print("=" * 80) + print("EXPERIMENTS PIPELINE: BENCHMARK ALL DATASETS WITH BOTH BACKENDS") + print("=" * 80) + print() + + # Create results directory + os.makedirs(RESULTS_DIR, exist_ok=True) + + # Track all results + all_results = [] + + # Run benchmarks + for backend in BACKENDS: + print(f"\n{'=' * 80}") + print(f"BACKEND: {backend.upper()}") + print(f"{'=' * 80}\n") + + for benchmark_name, script_path in BENCHMARKS.items(): + print(f"\n{'-' * 80}") + print(f"Running {benchmark_name.upper()} with {backend.upper()} backend") + print(f"{'-' * 80}\n") + + # Run benchmark + success = run_benchmark(benchmark_name, script_path, backend) + + if not success: + logger.warning(f"Skipping metrics collection for {benchmark_name} ({backend})") + continue + + # Collect metrics + metrics = collect_metrics(benchmark_name, backend) + if metrics: + all_results.append(metrics) + logger.info(f"Collected metrics for {benchmark_name} ({backend})") + else: + logger.warning(f"Failed to collect metrics for {benchmark_name} ({backend})") + + # Generate results table + if not all_results: + logger.error("No results collected. Exiting.") + return + + print("\n" + "=" * 80) + print("GENERATING RESULTS TABLE") + print("=" * 80 + "\n") + + # Save JSON results + with open(RESULTS_JSON_PATH, "w") as f: + json.dump(all_results, f, indent=2) + logger.info(f"Saved raw results to {RESULTS_JSON_PATH}") + + # Generate markdown table + table_content = generate_markdown_table(all_results) + + with open(RESULTS_TABLE_PATH, "w") as f: + f.write(table_content) + logger.info(f"Saved markdown table to {RESULTS_TABLE_PATH}") + + # Update README + update_readme(table_content) + + # Print summary + print("\n" + "=" * 80) + print("PIPELINE COMPLETE") + print("=" * 80) + print("\nResults saved to:") + print(f" - {RESULTS_TABLE_PATH}") + print(f" - {RESULTS_JSON_PATH}") + print(" - README.md (updated)") + print() + print("Summary:") + print(f" - Total benchmarks run: {len(all_results)}") + print(f" - Backends tested: {', '.join(BACKENDS)}") + print() + + +if __name__ == "__main__": + try: + main() + except KeyboardInterrupt: + print("\n\nPipeline interrupted by user") + sys.exit(1) + except Exception as e: + logger.error(f"Pipeline failed: {e}") + import traceback + + traceback.print_exc() + sys.exit(1) diff --git a/results/.gitkeep b/results/.gitkeep new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e69de29 diff --git a/results/benchmark_results.json b/results/benchmark_results.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..179e896 --- /dev/null +++ b/results/benchmark_results.json @@ -0,0 +1,172 @@ +[ + { + "benchmark": "prontoqa", + "backend": "smt2", + "total_samples": 100, + "correct": 100, + "wrong": 0, + "failed": 0, + "accuracy": 1.0, + "precision": 1.0, + "recall": 1.0, + "f1_score": 1.0, + "success_rate": 1.0, + "tp": 54, + "tn": 46, + "fp": 0, + "fn": 0 + }, + { + "benchmark": "folio", + "backend": "smt2", + "total_samples": 100, + "correct": 69, + "wrong": 30, + "failed": 1, + "accuracy": 0.69, + "precision": 0.6949152542372882, + "recall": 0.7735849056603774, + "f1_score": 0.7321428571428573, + "success_rate": 0.99, + "tp": 41, + "tn": 28, + "fp": 18, + "fn": 12 + }, + { + "benchmark": "proofwriter", + "backend": "smt2", + "total_samples": 96, + "correct": 95, + "wrong": 0, + "failed": 1, + "accuracy": 0.9895833333333334, + "precision": 1.0, + "recall": 1.0, + "f1_score": 1.0, + "success_rate": 0.9895833333333334, + "tp": 46, + "tn": 49, + "fp": 0, + "fn": 0 + }, + { + "benchmark": "conditionalqa", + "backend": "smt2", + "total_samples": 100, + "correct": 83, + "wrong": 17, + "failed": 0, + "accuracy": 0.83, + "precision": 0.9375, + "recall": 0.821917808219178, + "f1_score": 0.8759124087591241, + "success_rate": 1.0, + "tp": 60, + "tn": 23, + "fp": 4, + "fn": 13 + }, + { + "benchmark": "strategyqa", + "backend": "smt2", + "total_samples": 100, + "correct": 84, + "wrong": 16, + "failed": 0, + "accuracy": 0.84, + "precision": 0.8205128205128205, + "recall": 0.7804878048780488, + "f1_score": 0.8, + "success_rate": 1.0, + "tp": 32, + "tn": 52, + "fp": 7, + "fn": 9 + }, + { + "benchmark": "prontoqa", + "backend": "json", + "total_samples": 100, + "correct": 99, + "wrong": 1, + "failed": 0, + "accuracy": 0.99, + "precision": 1.0, + "recall": 0.9814814814814815, + "f1_score": 0.9906542056074767, + "success_rate": 1.0, + "tp": 53, + "tn": 46, + "fp": 0, + "fn": 1 + }, + { + "benchmark": "folio", + "backend": "json", + "total_samples": 100, + "correct": 76, + "wrong": 18, + "failed": 6, + "accuracy": 0.76, + "precision": 0.7619047619047619, + "recall": 0.9411764705882353, + "f1_score": 0.8421052631578947, + "success_rate": 0.94, + "tp": 48, + "tn": 28, + "fp": 15, + "fn": 3 + }, + { + "benchmark": "proofwriter", + "backend": "json", + "total_samples": 96, + "correct": 92, + "wrong": 0, + "failed": 4, + "accuracy": 0.9583333333333334, + "precision": 1.0, + "recall": 1.0, + "f1_score": 1.0, + "success_rate": 0.9583333333333334, + "tp": 45, + "tn": 47, + "fp": 0, + "fn": 0 + }, + { + "benchmark": "conditionalqa", + "backend": "json", + "total_samples": 100, + "correct": 76, + "wrong": 13, + "failed": 11, + "accuracy": 0.76, + "precision": 0.9180327868852459, + "recall": 0.875, + "f1_score": 0.8959999999999999, + "success_rate": 0.89, + "tp": 56, + "tn": 20, + "fp": 5, + "fn": 8 + }, + { + "benchmark": "strategyqa", + "backend": "json", + "total_samples": 100, + "correct": 68, + "wrong": 18, + "failed": 14, + "accuracy": 0.68, + "precision": 0.75, + "recall": 0.7894736842105263, + "f1_score": 0.7692307692307692, + "success_rate": 0.86, + "tp": 30, + "tn": 38, + "fp": 10, + "fn": 8 + } +] \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/results/benchmark_results.md b/results/benchmark_results.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..32dceb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/results/benchmark_results.md @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +# Benchmark Results + +**Last Updated:** 2025-10-16 18:14:07 + +| Benchmark | Backend | Samples | Accuracy | Precision | Recall | F1 Score | Success Rate | +|-----------|---------|---------|----------|-----------|--------|----------|--------------| +| PRONTOQA | SMT2 | 100 | 100.00% | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 100.00% | +| FOLIO | SMT2 | 100 | 69.00% | 0.6949 | 0.7736 | 0.7321 | 99.00% | +| PROOFWRITER | SMT2 | 96 | 98.96% | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 98.96% | +| CONDITIONALQA | SMT2 | 100 | 83.00% | 0.9375 | 0.8219 | 0.8759 | 100.00% | +| STRATEGYQA | SMT2 | 100 | 84.00% | 0.8205 | 0.7805 | 0.8000 | 100.00% | +| PRONTOQA | JSON | 100 | 99.00% | 1.0000 | 0.9815 | 0.9907 | 100.00% | +| FOLIO | JSON | 100 | 76.00% | 0.7619 | 0.9412 | 0.8421 | 94.00% | +| PROOFWRITER | JSON | 96 | 95.83% | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 95.83% | +| CONDITIONALQA | JSON | 100 | 76.00% | 0.9180 | 0.8750 | 0.8960 | 89.00% | +| STRATEGYQA | JSON | 100 | 68.00% | 0.7500 | 0.7895 | 0.7692 | 86.00% | + +## Notes + +- **Accuracy**: Percentage of correct predictions +- **Precision**: True positives / (True positives + False positives) +- **Recall**: True positives / (True positives + False negatives) +- **F1 Score**: Harmonic mean of precision and recall +- **Success Rate**: Percentage of queries that completed without errors diff --git a/run_interpreter.py b/run_interpreter.py index 33bd86d..15ff79a 100755 --- a/run_interpreter.py +++ b/run_interpreter.py @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ #!/usr/bin/env python3 """Convenience script to run the Z3 DSL interpreter.""" -from z3dsl.cli import main +from z3adapter.cli import main if __name__ == "__main__": main() diff --git a/tests/integration/test_bug_fixes.py b/tests/integration/test_bug_fixes.py index ac82ca5..13e16e0 100644 --- a/tests/integration/test_bug_fixes.py +++ b/tests/integration/test_bug_fixes.py @@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ from z3 import Const, IntSort -from z3dsl.dsl.expressions import ExpressionParser -from z3dsl.dsl.sorts import SortManager -from z3dsl.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter -from z3dsl.security.validator import ExpressionValidator +from z3adapter.dsl.expressions import ExpressionParser +from z3adapter.dsl.sorts import SortManager +from z3adapter.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter +from z3adapter.security.validator import ExpressionValidator class TestBugFixes(unittest.TestCase): @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ class TestBugFixes(unittest.TestCase): def test_bug1_wildcard_import_fixed(self) -> None: """Bug #1: Wildcard import pollution is fixed.""" # Check that main.py doesn't use wildcard imports anymore - with open("z3dsl/interpreter.py") as f: + with open("z3adapter/interpreter.py") as f: content = f.read() self.assertNotIn("from z3 import *", content) self.assertNotIn("import *", content) @@ -165,13 +165,13 @@ def test_bug10_verification_uses_check_condition(self) -> None: def test_bug11_logging_configured_in_main_only(self) -> None: """Bug #11: Logging configured in __main__ block only.""" - # Check that z3dsl modules don't call basicConfig - with open("z3dsl/interpreter.py") as f: + # Check that z3adapter modules don't call basicConfig + with open("z3adapter/interpreter.py") as f: content = f.read() self.assertNotIn("basicConfig", content) # CLI should have basicConfig - with open("z3dsl/cli.py") as f: + with open("z3adapter/cli.py") as f: content = f.read() self.assertIn("basicConfig", content) diff --git a/tests/integration/test_interpreter.py b/tests/integration/test_interpreter.py index 85edd9f..1a4f62c 100644 --- a/tests/integration/test_interpreter.py +++ b/tests/integration/test_interpreter.py @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import tempfile import unittest -from z3dsl.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter +from z3adapter.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter class TestZ3JSONInterpreter(unittest.TestCase): diff --git a/tests/unit/test_expression_parser.py b/tests/unit/test_expression_parser.py index 02474cc..cad4319 100644 --- a/tests/unit/test_expression_parser.py +++ b/tests/unit/test_expression_parser.py @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from z3 import BoolSort, Const, Function, IntSort -from z3dsl.dsl.expressions import ExpressionParser +from z3adapter.dsl.expressions import ExpressionParser class TestExpressionParser(unittest.TestCase): @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ def test_parse_expression_with_undefined_name(self) -> None: def test_add_knowledge_base_simple(self) -> None: """Test adding simple knowledge base assertions.""" - from z3dsl.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver + from z3adapter.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver solver = Z3Solver() knowledge_base = ["x > 0", "y < 10"] @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ def test_add_knowledge_base_simple(self) -> None: def test_add_knowledge_base_with_negation(self) -> None: """Test adding knowledge base with value=False.""" - from z3dsl.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver + from z3adapter.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver solver = Z3Solver() knowledge_base = [{"assertion": "x > 100", "value": False}] @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ def test_add_knowledge_base_with_negation(self) -> None: def test_add_knowledge_base_invalid_assertion(self) -> None: """Test that invalid assertions raise error.""" - from z3dsl.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver + from z3adapter.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver solver = Z3Solver() knowledge_base = ["invalid + syntax +"] @@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ def test_add_knowledge_base_invalid_assertion(self) -> None: def test_add_rules_with_forall(self) -> None: """Test adding rules with universal quantification.""" - from z3dsl.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver + from z3adapter.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver solver = Z3Solver() sorts = {"IntSort": IntSort()} @@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ def test_add_rules_with_forall(self) -> None: def test_add_rules_with_implication(self) -> None: """Test adding implication rules.""" - from z3dsl.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver + from z3adapter.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver solver = Z3Solver() sorts = {"IntSort": IntSort()} @@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ def test_add_rules_with_implication(self) -> None: def test_add_rules_empty_forall_raises_error(self) -> None: """Test that empty forall list raises error.""" - from z3dsl.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver + from z3adapter.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver solver = Z3Solver() sorts = {"IntSort": IntSort()} @@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ def test_add_rules_empty_forall_raises_error(self) -> None: def test_add_rules_implication_without_forall_raises_error(self) -> None: """Test that implication without forall raises error.""" - from z3dsl.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver + from z3adapter.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver solver = Z3Solver() sorts = {"IntSort": IntSort()} @@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ def test_add_rules_implication_without_forall_raises_error(self) -> None: def test_add_rules_constraint_without_forall(self) -> None: """Test adding constraint rule without quantification.""" - from z3dsl.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver + from z3adapter.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver solver = Z3Solver() sorts = {"IntSort": IntSort()} @@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ def test_add_rules_constraint_without_forall(self) -> None: def test_add_rules_invalid_rule_format(self) -> None: """Test that invalid rule format raises error.""" - from z3dsl.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver + from z3adapter.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver solver = Z3Solver() sorts = {"IntSort": IntSort()} diff --git a/tests/unit/test_optimizer.py b/tests/unit/test_optimizer.py index 5cb786a..be1da6c 100644 --- a/tests/unit/test_optimizer.py +++ b/tests/unit/test_optimizer.py @@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ from z3 import Const, IntSort -from z3dsl.dsl.expressions import ExpressionParser -from z3dsl.optimization.optimizer import OptimizerRunner +from z3adapter.dsl.expressions import ExpressionParser +from z3adapter.optimization.optimizer import OptimizerRunner class TestOptimizerRunner(unittest.TestCase): diff --git a/tests/unit/test_security_validator.py b/tests/unit/test_security_validator.py index b2ad6fc..247b1b1 100644 --- a/tests/unit/test_security_validator.py +++ b/tests/unit/test_security_validator.py @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import ast import unittest -from z3dsl.security.validator import ExpressionValidator +from z3adapter.security.validator import ExpressionValidator class TestExpressionValidator(unittest.TestCase): diff --git a/tests/unit/test_sort_manager.py b/tests/unit/test_sort_manager.py index b0e7f19..31a333c 100644 --- a/tests/unit/test_sort_manager.py +++ b/tests/unit/test_sort_manager.py @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from z3 import BoolSort, IntSort, RealSort, is_sort -from z3dsl.dsl.sorts import SortManager +from z3adapter.dsl.sorts import SortManager class TestSortManager(unittest.TestCase): diff --git a/tests/unit/test_verifier.py b/tests/unit/test_verifier.py index aeef48e..01e8c91 100644 --- a/tests/unit/test_verifier.py +++ b/tests/unit/test_verifier.py @@ -5,9 +5,9 @@ from z3 import BoolSort, Const, IntSort -from z3dsl.dsl.expressions import ExpressionParser -from z3dsl.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver -from z3dsl.verification.verifier import Verifier +from z3adapter.dsl.expressions import ExpressionParser +from z3adapter.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver +from z3adapter.verification.verifier import Verifier class TestVerifier(unittest.TestCase): diff --git a/utils/__init__.py b/utils/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e69de29 diff --git a/examples/azure_config.py b/utils/azure_config.py similarity index 100% rename from examples/azure_config.py rename to utils/azure_config.py diff --git a/z3adapter/__init__.py b/z3adapter/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2230410 --- /dev/null +++ b/z3adapter/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +"""Z3 DSL Interpreter - A JSON-based DSL for Z3 theorem prover.""" + +from z3adapter._version import __version__ +from z3adapter.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter +from z3adapter.solvers.abstract import AbstractSolver +from z3adapter.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver + +__all__ = ["Z3JSONInterpreter", "AbstractSolver", "Z3Solver", "__version__"] diff --git a/z3adapter/_version.py b/z3adapter/_version.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..831d194 --- /dev/null +++ b/z3adapter/_version.py @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +"""Version information for z3adapter package.""" + +__version__ = "1.0.0" diff --git a/z3adapter/backends/__init__.py b/z3adapter/backends/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7eb31fb --- /dev/null +++ b/z3adapter/backends/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +"""Backend implementations for Z3 DSL execution.""" + +from z3adapter.backends.abstract import Backend +from z3adapter.backends.json_backend import JSONBackend +from z3adapter.backends.smt2_backend import SMT2Backend + +__all__ = ["Backend", "JSONBackend", "SMT2Backend"] diff --git a/z3dsl/backends/abstract.py b/z3adapter/backends/abstract.py similarity index 100% rename from z3dsl/backends/abstract.py rename to z3adapter/backends/abstract.py diff --git a/z3dsl/backends/json_backend.py b/z3adapter/backends/json_backend.py similarity index 93% rename from z3dsl/backends/json_backend.py rename to z3adapter/backends/json_backend.py index 0794681..6e85c9f 100644 --- a/z3dsl/backends/json_backend.py +++ b/z3adapter/backends/json_backend.py @@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ import logging from contextlib import redirect_stderr, redirect_stdout -from z3dsl.backends.abstract import Backend, VerificationResult -from z3dsl.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter -from z3dsl.reasoning.prompt_template import DSL_INSTRUCTIONS +from z3adapter.backends.abstract import Backend, VerificationResult +from z3adapter.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter +from z3adapter.reasoning.prompt_template import DSL_INSTRUCTIONS logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) diff --git a/z3dsl/backends/smt2_backend.py b/z3adapter/backends/smt2_backend.py similarity index 97% rename from z3dsl/backends/smt2_backend.py rename to z3adapter/backends/smt2_backend.py index 82478ef..9c1ddbc 100644 --- a/z3dsl/backends/smt2_backend.py +++ b/z3adapter/backends/smt2_backend.py @@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ import shutil import subprocess -from z3dsl.backends.abstract import Backend, VerificationResult -from z3dsl.reasoning.smt2_prompt_template import SMT2_INSTRUCTIONS +from z3adapter.backends.abstract import Backend, VerificationResult +from z3adapter.reasoning.smt2_prompt_template import SMT2_INSTRUCTIONS logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) diff --git a/z3dsl/cli.py b/z3adapter/cli.py similarity index 97% rename from z3dsl/cli.py rename to z3adapter/cli.py index b95087c..09e20a0 100644 --- a/z3dsl/cli.py +++ b/z3adapter/cli.py @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import logging import sys -from z3dsl.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter +from z3adapter.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) diff --git a/z3adapter/dsl/__init__.py b/z3adapter/dsl/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5e308ab --- /dev/null +++ b/z3adapter/dsl/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +"""DSL components for Z3 JSON interpreter.""" + +from z3adapter.dsl.expressions import ExpressionParser +from z3adapter.dsl.sorts import SortManager + +__all__ = ["SortManager", "ExpressionParser"] diff --git a/z3dsl/dsl/expressions.py b/z3adapter/dsl/expressions.py similarity index 99% rename from z3dsl/dsl/expressions.py rename to z3adapter/dsl/expressions.py index 044bcf3..18eeb61 100644 --- a/z3dsl/dsl/expressions.py +++ b/z3adapter/dsl/expressions.py @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ Sum, ) -from z3dsl.security.validator import ExpressionValidator +from z3adapter.security.validator import ExpressionValidator logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) diff --git a/z3dsl/dsl/sorts.py b/z3adapter/dsl/sorts.py similarity index 100% rename from z3dsl/dsl/sorts.py rename to z3adapter/dsl/sorts.py diff --git a/z3dsl/interpreter.py b/z3adapter/interpreter.py similarity index 95% rename from z3dsl/interpreter.py rename to z3adapter/interpreter.py index fc6e412..0bf7271 100644 --- a/z3dsl/interpreter.py +++ b/z3adapter/interpreter.py @@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ import logging from typing import Any -from z3dsl.dsl.expressions import ExpressionParser -from z3dsl.dsl.sorts import SortManager -from z3dsl.optimization.optimizer import OptimizerRunner -from z3dsl.solvers.abstract import AbstractSolver -from z3dsl.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver -from z3dsl.verification.verifier import Verifier +from z3adapter.dsl.expressions import ExpressionParser +from z3adapter.dsl.sorts import SortManager +from z3adapter.optimization.optimizer import OptimizerRunner +from z3adapter.solvers.abstract import AbstractSolver +from z3adapter.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver +from z3adapter.verification.verifier import Verifier logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) diff --git a/z3dsl/optimization/__init__.py b/z3adapter/optimization/__init__.py similarity index 54% rename from z3dsl/optimization/__init__.py rename to z3adapter/optimization/__init__.py index b85f3d1..58d0302 100644 --- a/z3dsl/optimization/__init__.py +++ b/z3adapter/optimization/__init__.py @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ """Optimization components for Z3 DSL.""" -from z3dsl.optimization.optimizer import OptimizerRunner +from z3adapter.optimization.optimizer import OptimizerRunner __all__ = ["OptimizerRunner"] diff --git a/z3dsl/optimization/optimizer.py b/z3adapter/optimization/optimizer.py similarity index 98% rename from z3dsl/optimization/optimizer.py rename to z3adapter/optimization/optimizer.py index ae7a77a..a671082 100644 --- a/z3dsl/optimization/optimizer.py +++ b/z3adapter/optimization/optimizer.py @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from z3 import Const, Optimize, sat -from z3dsl.security.validator import ExpressionValidator +from z3adapter.security.validator import ExpressionValidator logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) diff --git a/z3adapter/reasoning/__init__.py b/z3adapter/reasoning/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e1376ed --- /dev/null +++ b/z3adapter/reasoning/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,18 @@ +"""Reasoning components for proof-of-thought using Z3.""" + +from z3adapter.reasoning.evaluation import EvaluationMetrics, EvaluationPipeline, EvaluationResult +from z3adapter.reasoning.program_generator import GenerationResult, Z3ProgramGenerator +from z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought import ProofOfThought, QueryResult +from z3adapter.reasoning.verifier import VerificationResult, Z3Verifier + +__all__ = [ + "Z3Verifier", + "VerificationResult", + "Z3ProgramGenerator", + "GenerationResult", + "ProofOfThought", + "QueryResult", + "EvaluationPipeline", + "EvaluationResult", + "EvaluationMetrics", +] diff --git a/z3dsl/reasoning/evaluation.py b/z3adapter/reasoning/evaluation.py similarity index 99% rename from z3dsl/reasoning/evaluation.py rename to z3adapter/reasoning/evaluation.py index 1d4c3ab..ceb879a 100644 --- a/z3dsl/reasoning/evaluation.py +++ b/z3adapter/reasoning/evaluation.py @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ recall_score, ) -from z3dsl.reasoning.proof_of_thought import ProofOfThought, QueryResult +from z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought import ProofOfThought, QueryResult logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) diff --git a/z3dsl/reasoning/program_generator.py b/z3adapter/reasoning/program_generator.py similarity index 98% rename from z3dsl/reasoning/program_generator.py rename to z3adapter/reasoning/program_generator.py index 70fdec5..54ee2eb 100644 --- a/z3dsl/reasoning/program_generator.py +++ b/z3adapter/reasoning/program_generator.py @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ from dataclasses import dataclass from typing import Any, Literal -from z3dsl.reasoning.prompt_template import build_prompt -from z3dsl.reasoning.smt2_prompt_template import build_smt2_prompt +from z3adapter.reasoning.prompt_template import build_prompt +from z3adapter.reasoning.smt2_prompt_template import build_smt2_prompt logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) diff --git a/z3dsl/reasoning/prompt_template.py b/z3adapter/reasoning/prompt_template.py similarity index 100% rename from z3dsl/reasoning/prompt_template.py rename to z3adapter/reasoning/prompt_template.py diff --git a/z3dsl/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py b/z3adapter/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py similarity index 96% rename from z3dsl/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py rename to z3adapter/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py index 398d1e3..5346a5f 100644 --- a/z3dsl/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py +++ b/z3adapter/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py @@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ from dataclasses import dataclass from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal -from z3dsl.reasoning.program_generator import Z3ProgramGenerator +from z3adapter.reasoning.program_generator import Z3ProgramGenerator if TYPE_CHECKING: - from z3dsl.backends.abstract import Backend + from z3adapter.backends.abstract import Backend logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) @@ -77,13 +77,13 @@ def __init__( # Initialize appropriate backend (import here to avoid circular imports) if backend == "json": - from z3dsl.backends.json_backend import JSONBackend + from z3adapter.backends.json_backend import JSONBackend backend_instance: Backend = JSONBackend( verify_timeout=verify_timeout, optimize_timeout=optimize_timeout ) else: # smt2 - from z3dsl.backends.smt2_backend import SMT2Backend + from z3adapter.backends.smt2_backend import SMT2Backend backend_instance = SMT2Backend(verify_timeout=verify_timeout, z3_path=z3_path) diff --git a/z3dsl/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py b/z3adapter/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py similarity index 100% rename from z3dsl/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py rename to z3adapter/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py diff --git a/z3dsl/reasoning/verifier.py b/z3adapter/reasoning/verifier.py similarity index 98% rename from z3dsl/reasoning/verifier.py rename to z3adapter/reasoning/verifier.py index 8900d42..e37429d 100644 --- a/z3dsl/reasoning/verifier.py +++ b/z3adapter/reasoning/verifier.py @@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ from contextlib import redirect_stderr, redirect_stdout from dataclasses import dataclass -from z3dsl.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter +from z3adapter.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) diff --git a/z3dsl/security/__init__.py b/z3adapter/security/__init__.py similarity index 58% rename from z3dsl/security/__init__.py rename to z3adapter/security/__init__.py index 278715f..62d408e 100644 --- a/z3dsl/security/__init__.py +++ b/z3adapter/security/__init__.py @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ """Security validation for Z3 DSL expressions.""" -from z3dsl.security.validator import ExpressionValidator +from z3adapter.security.validator import ExpressionValidator __all__ = ["ExpressionValidator"] diff --git a/z3dsl/security/validator.py b/z3adapter/security/validator.py similarity index 100% rename from z3dsl/security/validator.py rename to z3adapter/security/validator.py diff --git a/z3adapter/solvers/__init__.py b/z3adapter/solvers/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bec9646 --- /dev/null +++ b/z3adapter/solvers/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +"""Solver implementations for Z3 DSL.""" + +from z3adapter.solvers.abstract import AbstractSolver +from z3adapter.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver + +__all__ = ["AbstractSolver", "Z3Solver"] diff --git a/z3dsl/solvers/abstract.py b/z3adapter/solvers/abstract.py similarity index 100% rename from z3dsl/solvers/abstract.py rename to z3adapter/solvers/abstract.py diff --git a/z3dsl/solvers/z3_solver.py b/z3adapter/solvers/z3_solver.py similarity index 93% rename from z3dsl/solvers/z3_solver.py rename to z3adapter/solvers/z3_solver.py index 47bf97f..7911f3a 100644 --- a/z3dsl/solvers/z3_solver.py +++ b/z3adapter/solvers/z3_solver.py @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ from z3 import Solver -from z3dsl.solvers.abstract import AbstractSolver +from z3adapter.solvers.abstract import AbstractSolver class Z3Solver(AbstractSolver): diff --git a/z3dsl/verification/__init__.py b/z3adapter/verification/__init__.py similarity index 55% rename from z3dsl/verification/__init__.py rename to z3adapter/verification/__init__.py index 891d382..a1e9f6f 100644 --- a/z3dsl/verification/__init__.py +++ b/z3adapter/verification/__init__.py @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ """Verification components for Z3 DSL.""" -from z3dsl.verification.verifier import Verifier +from z3adapter.verification.verifier import Verifier __all__ = ["Verifier"] diff --git a/z3dsl/verification/verifier.py b/z3adapter/verification/verifier.py similarity index 100% rename from z3dsl/verification/verifier.py rename to z3adapter/verification/verifier.py diff --git a/z3dsl/__init__.py b/z3dsl/__init__.py deleted file mode 100644 index a26907f..0000000 --- a/z3dsl/__init__.py +++ /dev/null @@ -1,8 +0,0 @@ -"""Z3 DSL Interpreter - A JSON-based DSL for Z3 theorem prover.""" - -from z3dsl._version import __version__ -from z3dsl.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter -from z3dsl.solvers.abstract import AbstractSolver -from z3dsl.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver - -__all__ = ["Z3JSONInterpreter", "AbstractSolver", "Z3Solver", "__version__"] diff --git a/z3dsl/_version.py b/z3dsl/_version.py deleted file mode 100644 index 1e2e5af..0000000 --- a/z3dsl/_version.py +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3 +0,0 @@ -"""Version information for z3dsl package.""" - -__version__ = "1.0.0" diff --git a/z3dsl/backends/__init__.py b/z3dsl/backends/__init__.py deleted file mode 100644 index 96dee35..0000000 --- a/z3dsl/backends/__init__.py +++ /dev/null @@ -1,7 +0,0 @@ -"""Backend implementations for Z3 DSL execution.""" - -from z3dsl.backends.abstract import Backend -from z3dsl.backends.json_backend import JSONBackend -from z3dsl.backends.smt2_backend import SMT2Backend - -__all__ = ["Backend", "JSONBackend", "SMT2Backend"] diff --git a/z3dsl/dsl/__init__.py b/z3dsl/dsl/__init__.py deleted file mode 100644 index 1cc88a5..0000000 --- a/z3dsl/dsl/__init__.py +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6 +0,0 @@ -"""DSL components for Z3 JSON interpreter.""" - -from z3dsl.dsl.expressions import ExpressionParser -from z3dsl.dsl.sorts import SortManager - -__all__ = ["SortManager", "ExpressionParser"] diff --git a/z3dsl/reasoning/__init__.py b/z3dsl/reasoning/__init__.py deleted file mode 100644 index cf8a5f2..0000000 --- a/z3dsl/reasoning/__init__.py +++ /dev/null @@ -1,18 +0,0 @@ -"""Reasoning components for proof-of-thought using Z3.""" - -from z3dsl.reasoning.evaluation import EvaluationMetrics, EvaluationPipeline, EvaluationResult -from z3dsl.reasoning.program_generator import GenerationResult, Z3ProgramGenerator -from z3dsl.reasoning.proof_of_thought import ProofOfThought, QueryResult -from z3dsl.reasoning.verifier import VerificationResult, Z3Verifier - -__all__ = [ - "Z3Verifier", - "VerificationResult", - "Z3ProgramGenerator", - "GenerationResult", - "ProofOfThought", - "QueryResult", - "EvaluationPipeline", - "EvaluationResult", - "EvaluationMetrics", -] diff --git a/z3dsl/solvers/__init__.py b/z3dsl/solvers/__init__.py deleted file mode 100644 index 94c00e7..0000000 --- a/z3dsl/solvers/__init__.py +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6 +0,0 @@ -"""Solver implementations for Z3 DSL.""" - -from z3dsl.solvers.abstract import AbstractSolver -from z3dsl.solvers.z3_solver import Z3Solver - -__all__ = ["AbstractSolver", "Z3Solver"] From 3676f037dbc08f191d3aadbe702e3e344e39b470 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DebarghaG Date: Thu, 16 Oct 2025 20:34:16 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 05/11] Changes to the readme.md --- README.md | 40 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----- requirements.txt | 10 ++++++++++ 2 files changed, 45 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 3483180..615667a 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -1,6 +1,13 @@ # ProofOfThought -LLM-based reasoning using Z3 theorem proving. +[![Python 3.12](https://img.shields.io/badge/python-3.12-blue.svg)](https://www.python.org/downloads/) +[![License: MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-yellow.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT) +[![Z3](https://img.shields.io/badge/Z3-4.15+-green.svg)](https://github.com/Z3Prover/z3) +[![OpenAI](https://img.shields.io/badge/OpenAI-Compatible-412991.svg)](https://platform.openai.com/) +[![Azure](https://img.shields.io/badge/Azure-GPT--4o/GPT--5-0078D4.svg)](https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/ai-services/openai-service) +[![Code style: black](https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg)](https://github.com/psf/black) + +LLM-based reasoning using Z3 theorem proving with multiple backend support (SMT2 and JSON). ## Quick Start @@ -18,11 +25,13 @@ print(result.answer) # False ## Batch Evaluation ```python -from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline +from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought -evaluator = EvaluationPipeline(pot, output_dir="results/") +evaluator = EvaluationPipeline(proof_of_thought=pot, output_dir="results/") result = evaluator.evaluate( - dataset="strategyqa_train.json", + dataset="data/strategyQA_train.json", + question_field="question", + answer_field="answer", max_samples=10 ) print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") @@ -31,9 +40,17 @@ print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") ## Installation ```bash -pip install z3-solver openai scikit-learn numpy +pip install -r requirements.txt ``` +## Features + +- **Dual Backend Support**: Choose between SMT2 (default) or JSON execution backends +- **Azure OpenAI Integration**: Native support for Azure GPT-4o and GPT-5 models +- **Comprehensive Benchmarks**: Evaluated on 5 reasoning datasets (ProntoQA, FOLIO, ProofWriter, ConditionalQA, StrategyQA) +- **High-level API**: Simple Python interface for reasoning tasks +- **Batch Evaluation Pipeline**: Built-in tools for dataset evaluation and metrics + ## Backend Selection ProofOfThought supports two execution backends: @@ -61,6 +78,19 @@ Most users should use the high-level API. See `examples/` directory for complete examples including Azure OpenAI support. +**Note:** Examples should be run from the project root directory: + +```bash +cd /path/to/proofofthought +python examples/simple_usage.py +``` + +For Azure examples that use `azure_config`, the helper module is located at `utils/azure_config.py`. When running from the project root with `PYTHONPATH` set correctly, examples can import it directly: + +```python +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +``` + ## Running Experiments To run all benchmarks with both backends and generate results: diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt index f5d03aa..94df011 100644 --- a/requirements.txt +++ b/requirements.txt @@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ httpcore==1.0.9 httpx==0.28.1 identify==2.6.14 idna==3.10 +iniconfig==2.1.0 jiter==0.11.0 joblib==1.5.2 mypy==1.18.2 @@ -20,21 +21,30 @@ nodeenv==1.9.1 numpy==2.3.3 openai==2.0.1 packaging==25.0 +pandas==2.3.3 pathspec==0.12.1 platformdirs==4.4.0 +pluggy==1.6.0 pre_commit==4.3.0 +pyarrow==21.0.0 pydantic==2.11.9 pydantic_core==2.33.2 +Pygments==2.19.2 +pytest==8.4.2 +python-dateutil==2.9.0.post0 python-dotenv==1.1.1 pytokens==0.1.10 +pytz==2025.2 PyYAML==6.0.3 ruff==0.13.2 scikit-learn==1.7.2 scipy==1.16.2 +six==1.17.0 sniffio==1.3.1 threadpoolctl==3.6.0 tqdm==4.67.1 typing-inspection==0.4.2 typing_extensions==4.15.0 +tzdata==2025.2 virtualenv==20.34.0 z3-solver==4.15.3.0 From b58e9ff6537aa033768805e0c41c86327f01b9e6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DebarghaG Date: Thu, 16 Oct 2025 20:50:53 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 06/11] Add MkDocs documentation with GitHub Pages auto-deploy --- .github/workflows/docs.yml | 42 ++++++ docs/api-reference.md | 277 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ docs/backends.md | 224 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++ docs/benchmarks.md | 201 ++++++++++++++++++++++++ docs/examples.md | 302 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ docs/index.md | 57 +++++++ docs/installation.md | 129 ++++++++++++++++ mkdocs.yml | 75 +++++++++ requirements.txt | 3 + 9 files changed, 1310 insertions(+) create mode 100644 .github/workflows/docs.yml create mode 100644 docs/api-reference.md create mode 100644 docs/backends.md create mode 100644 docs/benchmarks.md create mode 100644 docs/examples.md create mode 100644 docs/index.md create mode 100644 docs/installation.md create mode 100644 mkdocs.yml diff --git a/.github/workflows/docs.yml b/.github/workflows/docs.yml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..873e72f --- /dev/null +++ b/.github/workflows/docs.yml @@ -0,0 +1,42 @@ +name: Deploy Documentation + +on: + push: + branches: + - main + - feat/* + pull_request: + branches: + - main + +permissions: + contents: write + +jobs: + deploy: + runs-on: ubuntu-latest + steps: + - name: Checkout repository + uses: actions/checkout@v4 + + - name: Set up Python + uses: actions/setup-python@v5 + with: + python-version: '3.12' + + - name: Install dependencies + run: | + pip install mkdocs mkdocs-material pymdown-extensions + + - name: Build documentation + run: mkdocs build + + - name: Deploy to GitHub Pages + if: github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' + uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v4 + with: + github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} + publish_dir: ./site + publish_branch: gh-pages + user_name: 'github-actions[bot]' + user_email: 'github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com' diff --git a/docs/api-reference.md b/docs/api-reference.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..7290f38 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/api-reference.md @@ -0,0 +1,277 @@ +# API Reference + +## ProofOfThought + +Main API for Z3-based reasoning. + +```python +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought +``` + +### Constructor + +```python +ProofOfThought( + llm_client, + model="gpt-5", + backend="smt2", + max_attempts=3, + verify_timeout=10000, + optimize_timeout=100000, + cache_dir=None, + z3_path="z3" +) +``` + +**Parameters:** + +- `llm_client` - OpenAI, AzureOpenAI, or compatible LLM client +- `model` (str) - Model/deployment name (default: "gpt-5") +- `backend` (str) - Execution backend: "smt2" or "json" (default: "smt2") +- `max_attempts` (int) - Max retries for program generation (default: 3) +- `verify_timeout` (int) - Z3 verification timeout in ms (default: 10000) +- `optimize_timeout` (int) - Z3 optimization timeout in ms (default: 100000) +- `cache_dir` (str|None) - Directory for caching programs (default: temp dir) +- `z3_path` (str) - Path to Z3 executable for SMT2 backend (default: "z3") + +### query() + +Ask a reasoning question. + +```python +result = pot.query( + question, + max_attempts=None, + save_program=False +) +``` + +**Parameters:** + +- `question` (str) - Natural language question +- `max_attempts` (int|None) - Override max attempts for this query +- `save_program` (bool) - Save generated program to disk (default: False) + +**Returns:** `QueryResult` + +```python +@dataclass +class QueryResult: + question: str # Original question + answer: bool | None # True, False, or None if error + json_program: dict | None # Generated program (if JSON backend) + sat_count: int # Number of SAT results + unsat_count: int # Number of UNSAT results + output: str # Raw Z3 output + success: bool # Did query complete? + num_attempts: int # Attempts taken + error: str | None # Error message if failed +``` + +**Example:** + +```python +result = pot.query("Can fish breathe underwater?") +print(result.answer) # True +print(f"Took {result.num_attempts} attempts") +``` + +## EvaluationPipeline + +Batch evaluation on datasets. + +```python +from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline +``` + +### Constructor + +```python +EvaluationPipeline( + proof_of_thought, + output_dir="results/" +) +``` + +**Parameters:** + +- `proof_of_thought` (ProofOfThought) - Configured ProofOfThought instance +- `output_dir` (str) - Directory for saving results (default: "results/") + +### evaluate() + +Run evaluation on a dataset. + +```python +result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset, + question_field="question", + answer_field="answer", + max_samples=None, + save_results=True +) +``` + +**Parameters:** + +- `dataset` (str) - Path to JSON dataset +- `question_field` (str) - JSON field containing questions (default: "question") +- `answer_field` (str) - JSON field containing answers (default: "answer") +- `max_samples` (int|None) - Limit number of samples (default: all) +- `save_results` (bool) - Save detailed results to disk (default: True) + +**Returns:** `EvaluationResult` + +```python +@dataclass +class EvaluationResult: + metrics: EvaluationMetrics + predictions: list + dataset_name: str + timestamp: str +``` + +**EvaluationMetrics:** + +```python +@dataclass +class EvaluationMetrics: + accuracy: float # Percentage correct + precision: float # True positives / (TP + FP) + recall: float # True positives / (TP + FN) + f1: float # Harmonic mean of precision/recall + success_rate: float # Percentage of queries that completed + total_samples: int + correct: int + incorrect: int + failed: int +``` + +**Example:** + +```python +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought, EvaluationPipeline + +pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client) +evaluator = EvaluationPipeline(proof_of_thought=pot) + +result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset="data/strategyQA_train.json", + max_samples=100 +) + +print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") +print(f"F1 Score: {result.metrics.f1:.4f}") +``` + +## Data Classes + +### QueryResult + +Returned by `ProofOfThought.query()`. + +**Fields:** + +- `question` (str) - The input question +- `answer` (bool|None) - Reasoning result (True/False/None) +- `json_program` (dict|None) - Generated program if using JSON backend +- `sat_count` (int) - Number of SAT (satisfiable) results +- `unsat_count` (int) - Number of UNSAT (unsatisfiable) results +- `output` (str) - Raw Z3 output +- `success` (bool) - Whether execution succeeded +- `num_attempts` (int) - Generation attempts used +- `error` (str|None) - Error message if failed + +### VerificationResult + +Low-level result from backend execution. + +```python +from z3adapter.backends.abstract import VerificationResult +``` + +**Fields:** + +- `answer` (bool|None) - True (SAT), False (UNSAT), None (error) +- `sat_count` (int) - Count of SAT results +- `unsat_count` (int) - Count of UNSAT results +- `output` (str) - Raw execution output +- `success` (bool) - Execution completed +- `error` (str|None) - Error message + +## Azure OpenAI Helper + +Utility for Azure OpenAI configuration. + +```python +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +``` + +### get_client_config() + +Returns configured Azure OpenAI client and settings. + +```python +config = get_client_config() +``` + +**Returns:** `dict` + +```python +{ + "llm_client": AzureOpenAI(...), # Configured client + "model": "gpt-5" # Deployment name +} +``` + +**Environment variables required:** + +```bash +AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY=... +AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT=https://....openai.azure.com/ +AZURE_OPENAI_API_VERSION=2024-08-01-preview +AZURE_GPT5_DEPLOYMENT_NAME=gpt-5 +``` + +**Example:** + +```python +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought + +config = get_client_config() +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"] +) +``` + +## Low-Level Components + +Most users won't need these—use `ProofOfThought` instead. + +### Z3ProgramGenerator + +Generates Z3 programs from natural language. + +```python +from z3adapter.reasoning import Z3ProgramGenerator +``` + +### Z3Verifier + +Executes and verifies Z3 programs. + +```python +from z3adapter.reasoning import Z3Verifier +``` + +### Backends + +Backend implementations. + +```python +from z3adapter.backends import JSONBackend, SMT2Backend +``` + +See [Backends](backends.md) for details. diff --git a/docs/backends.md b/docs/backends.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d131b24 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/backends.md @@ -0,0 +1,224 @@ +# Backends + +ProofOfThought supports two execution backends. Both use Z3, but they speak different languages. + +## TL;DR + +- **Use SMT2** (default) for standard SMT-LIB format and portability +- **Use JSON** for better LLM reliability and richer features + +## SMT2 Backend + +The SMT2 backend generates programs in SMT-LIB 2.0 format and runs them via the Z3 CLI. + +### Example program + +```smt2 +(declare-sort Person 0) +(declare-const nancy Person) +(declare-fun supports_abortion (Person) Bool) +(assert (supports_abortion nancy)) +(declare-const query Bool) +(assert (= query (not (supports_abortion nancy)))) +(check-sat) +``` + +### When to use + +- You want industry-standard SMT-LIB format +- You need portability to other SMT solvers +- You want standalone executable programs +- You're comfortable debugging SMT2 syntax + +### Setup + +```python +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought + +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + backend="smt2", # default + z3_path="z3" # optional: path to Z3 executable +) +``` + +### Pros + +✓ Standard format +✓ No Python overhead +✓ Portable to other solvers +✓ Standalone executability + +### Cons + +✗ Harder for LLMs to generate correctly +✗ Less structured error messages +✗ Requires Z3 CLI installed + +## JSON Backend + +The JSON backend uses a custom DSL that's parsed and executed via the Z3 Python API. + +### Example program + +```json +{ + "sorts": ["Person"], + "constants": { + "nancy": "Person" + }, + "functions": [{ + "name": "supports_abortion", + "domain": ["Person"], + "range": "Bool" + }], + "knowledge_base": [ + {"type": "assert", "value": "supports_abortion(nancy)"} + ], + "verifications": [{ + "type": "check_sat", + "hypotheses": ["Not(supports_abortion(nancy))"] + }] +} +``` + +### When to use + +- LLMs struggle with SMT2 syntax +- You want better error messages +- You don't want to install Z3 CLI +- You need richer DSL features (optimization, complex rules) + +### Setup + +```python +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought + +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + backend="json" +) +``` + +### Pros + +✓ Easier for LLMs to generate +✓ Better error messages +✓ No CLI dependency +✓ Richer DSL features + +### Cons + +✗ Not a standard format +✗ Only works with Z3 Python API +✗ Not portable to other solvers + +## How it works + +### Program generation + +The LLM sees different prompts for each backend: + +- **SMT2**: Gets examples of SMT-LIB 2.0 programs +- **JSON**: Gets examples of the JSON DSL + +Templates are in: +- `z3adapter/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py` +- `z3adapter/reasoning/prompt_template.py` + +### Execution + +Both backends return the same `VerificationResult`: + +```python +@dataclass +class VerificationResult: + answer: bool | None # True (SAT), False (UNSAT), None (error) + sat_count: int # Number of SAT results + unsat_count: int # Number of UNSAT results + output: str # Raw Z3 output + success: bool # Did execution complete? + error: str | None # Error message if failed +``` + +### File extensions + +Programs are saved with appropriate extensions: + +- SMT2: `.smt2` +- JSON: `.json` + +Use `save_program=True` in `query()` to keep generated programs. + +## Benchmark comparison + +Results on 100 samples per dataset: + +| Dataset | SMT2 Accuracy | JSON Accuracy | +|---------|---------------|---------------| +| ProntoQA | 100% | 99% | +| FOLIO | 69% | 76% | +| ProofWriter | 99% | 96% | +| ConditionalQA | 83% | 76% | +| StrategyQA | 84% | 68% | + +SMT2 edges out JSON on most benchmarks, but both are viable. + +## Switching backends + +You can compare backends on the same question: + +```python +question = "Can fish breathe underwater?" + +# Try both +pot_smt2 = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client, backend="smt2") +pot_json = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client, backend="json") + +result_smt2 = pot_smt2.query(question) +result_json = pot_json.query(question) + +print(f"SMT2: {result_smt2.answer}") +print(f"JSON: {result_json.answer}") +``` + +See `examples/backend_comparison.py` for a full example. + +## Architecture + +Both backends implement the same interface: + +```python +class Backend(ABC): + @abstractmethod + def execute(self, program_path: str) -> VerificationResult: + pass + + @abstractmethod + def get_file_extension(self) -> str: + pass + + @abstractmethod + def get_prompt_template(self) -> str: + pass +``` + +Location: `z3adapter/backends/` + +- `abstract.py` - Interface definition +- `smt2_backend.py` - SMT-LIB 2.0 implementation +- `json_backend.py` - JSON DSL implementation + +## Troubleshooting + +**SMT2: "z3 command not found"** + +Install Z3 CLI or switch to JSON backend. + +**JSON: Slower execution?** + +JSON uses Python API, which has slight overhead. Usually negligible. + +**Different answers between backends?** + +Both backends are correct—differences likely come from LLM generation variance. Run multiple queries or increase `max_attempts`. diff --git a/docs/benchmarks.md b/docs/benchmarks.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d684b37 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/benchmarks.md @@ -0,0 +1,201 @@ +# Benchmarks + +ProofOfThought has been evaluated on 5 logical reasoning datasets. + +## Results + +**Last Updated:** 2025-10-16 18:14:07 + +| Benchmark | Backend | Samples | Accuracy | Precision | Recall | F1 Score | Success Rate | +|-----------|---------|---------|----------|-----------|--------|----------|--------------| +| ProntoQA | SMT2 | 100 | 100.00% | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 100.00% | +| FOLIO | SMT2 | 100 | 69.00% | 0.6949 | 0.7736 | 0.7321 | 99.00% | +| ProofWriter | SMT2 | 96 | 98.96% | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 98.96% | +| ConditionalQA | SMT2 | 100 | 83.00% | 0.9375 | 0.8219 | 0.8759 | 100.00% | +| StrategyQA | SMT2 | 100 | 84.00% | 0.8205 | 0.7805 | 0.8000 | 100.00% | +| ProntoQA | JSON | 100 | 99.00% | 1.0000 | 0.9815 | 0.9907 | 100.00% | +| FOLIO | JSON | 100 | 76.00% | 0.7619 | 0.9412 | 0.8421 | 94.00% | +| ProofWriter | JSON | 96 | 95.83% | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 | 95.83% | +| ConditionalQA | JSON | 100 | 76.00% | 0.9180 | 0.8750 | 0.8960 | 89.00% | +| StrategyQA | JSON | 100 | 68.00% | 0.7500 | 0.7895 | 0.7692 | 86.00% | + +## Datasets + +### ProntoQA + +Synthetic first-order logic problems with clear provable answers. + +**Example:** + +``` +Question: "Stella is a lion. All lions are brown. Is Stella brown?" +Answer: True +``` + +**Performance:** Near-perfect accuracy with both backends. This is the easiest dataset. + +### FOLIO + +First-order logic inference problems derived from Wikipedia. + +**Example:** + +``` +Question: "All cats are mammals. Fluffy is a cat. Is Fluffy a mammal?" +Answer: True +``` + +**Performance:** Most challenging dataset. SMT2 gets 69%, JSON gets 76%. The higher accuracy with JSON suggests LLMs struggle with SMT2 syntax for complex logic. + +### ProofWriter + +Deductive reasoning over facts and rules. + +**Example:** + +``` +Facts: "The bear is red. If something is red, then it is kind." +Question: "Is the bear kind?" +Answer: True +``` + +**Performance:** Near-perfect with SMT2 (99%), very good with JSON (96%). + +### ConditionalQA + +Reasoning with conditional statements. + +**Example:** + +``` +Question: "If it rains, the ground is wet. It is raining. Is the ground wet?" +Answer: True +``` + +**Performance:** SMT2 achieves 83%, JSON achieves 76%. Both backends handle conditionals well. + +### StrategyQA + +Multi-hop reasoning requiring implicit knowledge. + +**Example:** + +``` +Question: "Would a vegetarian eat a burger made of plants?" +Answer: True +``` + +**Performance:** SMT2 gets 84%, JSON gets 68%. This dataset requires more complex reasoning chains. + +## Metrics Explained + +- **Accuracy**: Percentage of correct predictions +- **Precision**: Of all positive predictions, how many were correct? + - `True Positives / (True Positives + False Positives)` +- **Recall**: Of all actual positives, how many did we catch? + - `True Positives / (True Positives + False Negatives)` +- **F1 Score**: Harmonic mean of precision and recall + - `2 × (Precision × Recall) / (Precision + Recall)` +- **Success Rate**: Percentage of queries that completed without errors + +## Backend Comparison + +### SMT2 Backend + +**Strengths:** +- Better on ProofWriter (99% vs 96%) +- Better on ConditionalQA (83% vs 76%) +- Better on StrategyQA (84% vs 68%) +- Higher overall accuracy on 4/5 benchmarks + +**Weaknesses:** +- Slightly worse on FOLIO (69% vs 76%) +- More generation errors (lower success rate on some datasets) + +### JSON Backend + +**Strengths:** +- Better on FOLIO (76% vs 69%) +- More reliable generation (higher success rates) +- Better error messages for debugging + +**Weaknesses:** +- Lower accuracy on StrategyQA (68% vs 84%) +- Lower accuracy on ConditionalQA (76% vs 83%) + +## Running Your Own Benchmarks + +### Full suite + +```bash +python experiments_pipeline.py +``` + +This runs all 5 benchmarks with both backends and updates the README. + +### Single benchmark + +```python +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought, EvaluationPipeline + +config = get_client_config() + +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2" +) + +evaluator = EvaluationPipeline(proof_of_thought=pot) + +result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset="data/strategyQA_train.json", + max_samples=100 +) + +print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") +``` + +### Custom datasets + +See [Examples](examples.md#dataset-format) for dataset format requirements. + +## Performance Notes + +**Generation time:** 2-5 seconds per query on average with GPT-5. + +**Success rate:** SMT2 achieves 99-100% success rate. JSON achieves 86-100% success rate. + +**Timeouts:** Default timeouts (10s verify, 100s optimize) work well for these datasets. + +## Why the differences? + +Backend performance varies because: + +1. **LLM generation reliability**: JSON is more structured, easier for LLMs to generate correctly +2. **Syntax complexity**: SMT2 requires precise S-expression syntax +3. **Error recovery**: JSON provides better error messages, leading to better retries +4. **Dataset characteristics**: Some logical patterns are easier in one DSL vs the other + +**Recommendation:** Start with SMT2 (default). Switch to JSON if you see low success rates. + +## Reproducing Results + +All results are from: + +- **Model:** GPT-5 (Azure deployment) +- **Max attempts:** 3 +- **Verify timeout:** 10000ms +- **Optimize timeout:** 100000ms +- **Sample size:** 100 per dataset (96 for ProofWriter) + +To reproduce: + +```bash +# Set up Azure config in .env +# Then run experiments +python experiments_pipeline.py +``` + +Results are saved to `results/` with timestamp and full metrics. diff --git a/docs/examples.md b/docs/examples.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..13f5c96 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/examples.md @@ -0,0 +1,302 @@ +# Examples + +All examples are in the `examples/` directory. Run them from the project root: + +```bash +cd /path/to/proofofthought +python examples/simple_usage.py +``` + +## Basic Usage + +### Single query + +```python +from openai import OpenAI +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought + +# Set up client +client = OpenAI(api_key="...") +pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client, model="gpt-4o") + +# Ask a question +result = pot.query("Would Nancy Pelosi publicly denounce abortion?") + +# Check the answer +print(result.answer) # False +print(f"Successful: {result.success}") +print(f"Attempts: {result.num_attempts}") +``` + +File: `examples/simple_usage.py` + +### Azure OpenAI + +```python +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought + +# Get Azure config from environment +config = get_client_config() + +# Initialize with Azure client +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"] +) + +# Use normally +result = pot.query("Can fish breathe underwater?") +print(result.answer) # True +``` + +File: `examples/azure_simple_example.py` + +Required `.env` variables: + +```bash +AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY=... +AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT=https://....openai.azure.com/ +AZURE_OPENAI_API_VERSION=2024-08-01-preview +AZURE_GPT5_DEPLOYMENT_NAME=gpt-5 +``` + +## Backend Comparison + +### Test both backends + +```python +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought + +config = get_client_config() +question = "Can fish breathe underwater?" + +# JSON backend +pot_json = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + backend="json" +) +result_json = pot_json.query(question) + +# SMT2 backend +pot_smt2 = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + backend="smt2" +) +result_smt2 = pot_smt2.query(question) + +print(f"JSON backend: {result_json.answer}") +print(f"SMT2 backend: {result_smt2.answer}") +``` + +File: `examples/backend_comparison.py` + +## Batch Evaluation + +### Evaluate on a dataset + +```python +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought, EvaluationPipeline + +# Set up evaluator +pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client) +evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( + proof_of_thought=pot, + output_dir="results/" +) + +# Run evaluation +result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset="data/strategyQA_train.json", + question_field="question", + answer_field="answer", + max_samples=100 +) + +# Print metrics +print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") +print(f"Precision: {result.metrics.precision:.4f}") +print(f"Recall: {result.metrics.recall:.4f}") +print(f"F1 Score: {result.metrics.f1:.4f}") +print(f"Success Rate: {result.metrics.success_rate:.2%}") +``` + +File: `examples/batch_evaluation.py` + +### With Azure and SMT2 backend + +```python +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought, EvaluationPipeline + +config = get_client_config() + +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2" +) + +evaluator = EvaluationPipeline(proof_of_thought=pot) +result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset="data/strategyQA_train.json", + max_samples=50 +) + +print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") +``` + +File: `examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py` + +## Running Experiments + +### Full benchmark suite + +Run all 5 benchmarks with both backends: + +```bash +python experiments_pipeline.py +``` + +This evaluates: + +- ProntoQA (100 samples) +- FOLIO (100 samples) +- ProofWriter (96 samples) +- ConditionalQA (100 samples) +- StrategyQA (100 samples) + +Results are saved to `results/` and the README is auto-updated. + +File: `experiments_pipeline.py` + +## Advanced Usage + +### Save generated programs + +```python +result = pot.query( + "Can fish breathe underwater?", + save_program=True +) + +# Programs saved to cache_dir with .json or .smt2 extension +print(f"Program saved: {result.json_program}") +``` + +### Custom timeouts + +```python +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + verify_timeout=5000, # 5 seconds + optimize_timeout=50000, # 50 seconds + max_attempts=5 +) +``` + +### Custom Z3 path + +```python +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + backend="smt2", + z3_path="/usr/local/bin/z3" +) +``` + +### Override max attempts per query + +```python +# Default max_attempts=3 +pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client) + +# Override for specific query +result = pot.query( + "Complex question...", + max_attempts=10 +) +``` + +## Dataset Format + +Evaluation expects JSON with question/answer fields: + +```json +[ + { + "question": "Can fish breathe underwater?", + "answer": true + }, + { + "question": "Do humans have wings?", + "answer": false + } +] +``` + +Custom field names: + +```python +result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset="custom_dataset.json", + question_field="query", + answer_field="label", + max_samples=100 +) +``` + +## Testing Strategy + +Want to test on a specific dataset? See `examples/test_strategyqa.py`: + +```python +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought, EvaluationPipeline + +config = get_client_config() + +# JSON backend +pot_json = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="json" +) + +evaluator = EvaluationPipeline(proof_of_thought=pot_json) +result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset="data/strategyQA_train.json", + max_samples=100 +) + +print(f"StrategyQA JSON Backend Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") +``` + +## Troubleshooting + +**Examples fail with import errors?** + +Make sure you're running from the project root, not from `examples/`: + +```bash +# Wrong +cd examples +python simple_usage.py # ❌ Import error + +# Right +cd /path/to/proofofthought +python examples/simple_usage.py # ✓ Works +``` + +**Azure config not found?** + +Check your `.env` file has all required Azure variables. See [Installation](installation.md). + +**Z3 not found?** + +Either install Z3 CLI or use JSON backend: + +```python +pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client, backend="json") +``` diff --git a/docs/index.md b/docs/index.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..241f763 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/index.md @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +# ProofOfThought + +LLM-based reasoning using Z3 theorem proving. + +## What is this? + +ProofOfThought combines large language models with Z3 theorem proving to solve logical reasoning tasks. Instead of asking an LLM to "think" about a problem, we ask it to write formal logic programs that Z3 can verify. + +Think of it as giving your LLM a calculator for logic. + +## Quick Start + +```python +from openai import OpenAI +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought + +client = OpenAI(api_key="...") +pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client) + +result = pot.query("Would Nancy Pelosi publicly denounce abortion?") +print(result.answer) # False +``` + +That's it. Three lines. + +## Why use this? + +**Problem:** LLMs hallucinate on logical reasoning tasks. + +**Solution:** Let Z3 do the reasoning. The LLM just writes the program. + +**Result:** Better accuracy on reasoning benchmarks (see [Benchmarks](benchmarks.md)). + +## How it works + +1. You ask a question +2. LLM generates a Z3 program (in JSON or SMT2 format) +3. Z3 proves whether the statement is satisfiable +4. You get a boolean answer + +The LLM doesn't reason—it just translates natural language to formal logic. Z3 handles the reasoning. + +## Features + +- **Dual backends:** Choose SMT2 (standard) or JSON (easier for LLMs) +- **Azure OpenAI:** Native support for GPT-4o and GPT-5 +- **Battle-tested:** Evaluated on 5 reasoning benchmarks +- **Simple API:** Three-line setup, one-line queries +- **Batch evaluation:** Built-in pipeline for dataset evaluation + +## What's next? + +- [Installation](installation.md) - Get set up +- [API Reference](api-reference.md) - Core usage +- [Backends](backends.md) - SMT2 vs JSON +- [Examples](examples.md) - Real code +- [Benchmarks](benchmarks.md) - Performance data diff --git a/docs/installation.md b/docs/installation.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1108cf8 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/installation.md @@ -0,0 +1,129 @@ +# Installation + +## Requirements + +- Python 3.12+ +- Z3 theorem prover +- OpenAI-compatible LLM API + +## Install Python dependencies + +```bash +pip install -r requirements.txt +``` + +This installs: +- `z3-solver` - Z3 Python bindings +- `openai` - LLM client +- `scikit-learn`, `numpy` - For evaluation metrics +- `python-dotenv` - Environment variable management + +## Install Z3 CLI (for SMT2 backend) + +The SMT2 backend needs the Z3 command-line tool. + +### macOS +```bash +brew install z3 +``` + +### Ubuntu/Debian +```bash +sudo apt-get install z3 +``` + +### From source +```bash +git clone https://github.com/Z3Prover/z3.git +cd z3 +python scripts/mk_make.py +cd build +make +sudo make install +``` + +### Verify installation +```bash +z3 --version +``` + +**Note:** The JSON backend doesn't need the CLI—it uses Z3's Python API. + +## Set up API keys + +### OpenAI + +Create a `.env` file in the project root: + +```bash +OPENAI_API_KEY=sk-... +``` + +### Azure OpenAI + +For Azure GPT-4o or GPT-5, add these to `.env`: + +```bash +AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY=... +AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT=https://....openai.azure.com/ +AZURE_OPENAI_API_VERSION=2024-08-01-preview +AZURE_GPT5_DEPLOYMENT_NAME=gpt-5 +AZURE_GPT4O_DEPLOYMENT_NAME=gpt-4o +``` + +See `examples/azure_simple_example.py` for Azure usage. + +## Verify setup + +Run a quick test: + +```bash +python examples/simple_usage.py +``` + +You should see output like: + +``` +Question: Would Nancy Pelosi publicly denounce abortion? +Answer: False +Success: True +``` + +## Development setup + +For contributors: + +```bash +pip install -e ".[dev]" +pre-commit install +``` + +This installs development tools: +- `black` - Code formatter +- `ruff` - Linter +- `mypy` - Type checker +- `pytest` - Test runner +- `pre-commit` - Git hooks + +## Troubleshooting + +**Z3 not found?** + +If you get `z3: command not found`, either: +1. Install the Z3 CLI (see above) +2. Use the JSON backend instead: `ProofOfThought(backend="json")` + +**API key errors?** + +Make sure your `.env` file is in the project root and contains valid keys. + +**Import errors?** + +Run examples from the project root: + +```bash +cd /path/to/proofofthought +python examples/simple_usage.py +``` + +Not from the `examples/` directory. diff --git a/mkdocs.yml b/mkdocs.yml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..df40a28 --- /dev/null +++ b/mkdocs.yml @@ -0,0 +1,75 @@ +site_name: ProofOfThought +site_description: LLM-based reasoning using Z3 theorem proving +site_author: Debargha Ganguly +site_url: https://debarghaG.github.io/proofofthought + +repo_name: debarghaG/proofofthought +repo_url: https://github.com/debarghaG/proofofthought +edit_uri: edit/main/docs/ + +theme: + name: material + palette: + # Light mode + - scheme: default + primary: indigo + accent: indigo + toggle: + icon: material/brightness-7 + name: Switch to dark mode + # Dark mode + - scheme: slate + primary: indigo + accent: indigo + toggle: + icon: material/brightness-4 + name: Switch to light mode + features: + - navigation.instant + - navigation.tracking + - navigation.tabs + - navigation.sections + - navigation.top + - search.suggest + - search.highlight + - content.code.copy + - content.code.annotate + +nav: + - Home: index.md + - Installation: installation.md + - API Reference: api-reference.md + - Backends: backends.md + - Examples: examples.md + - Benchmarks: benchmarks.md + +markdown_extensions: + - admonition + - codehilite: + guess_lang: false + - toc: + permalink: true + - pymdownx.highlight: + anchor_linenums: true + - pymdownx.inlinehilite + - pymdownx.snippets + - pymdownx.superfences + - pymdownx.tabbed: + alternate_style: true + - pymdownx.details + - pymdownx.emoji: + emoji_index: !!python/name:material.extensions.emoji.twemoji + emoji_generator: !!python/name:material.extensions.emoji.to_svg + - tables + +plugins: + - search + +extra: + social: + - icon: fontawesome/brands/github + link: https://github.com/debarghaG/proofofthought + - icon: fontawesome/brands/python + link: https://pypi.org/project/proofofthought/ + +copyright: Copyright © 2025 Debargha Ganguly diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt index 94df011..fcc4b18 100644 --- a/requirements.txt +++ b/requirements.txt @@ -48,3 +48,6 @@ typing_extensions==4.15.0 tzdata==2025.2 virtualenv==20.34.0 z3-solver==4.15.3.0 +mkdocs==1.6.1 +mkdocs-material==9.5.49 +pymdown-extensions==10.14 From ebdb5eeae31eeb5e8a64f4d34c8cf879bf1bc533 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DebarghaG Date: Thu, 16 Oct 2025 20:58:15 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 07/11] Enable docs deployment from feat/smt branch --- .github/workflows/docs.yml | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/.github/workflows/docs.yml b/.github/workflows/docs.yml index 873e72f..f2c979b 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/docs.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/docs.yml @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs: run: mkdocs build - name: Deploy to GitHub Pages - if: github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' + if: github.event_name == 'push' && (github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' || github.ref == 'refs/heads/feat/smt') uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v4 with: github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} From 71c36968e84324ecfba5d425ab8d7cf686a45132 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DebarghaG Date: Thu, 16 Oct 2025 21:20:05 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 08/11] Updates to documentation --- docs/api-reference.md | 350 +++++++++++++++----------------- docs/backends.md | 324 +++++++++++++++-------------- docs/benchmarks.md | 207 +++++++++---------- docs/dsl-specification.md | 414 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ docs/examples.md | 257 +++++++---------------- docs/index.md | 97 ++++++--- docs/installation.md | 146 ++++++++------ mkdocs.yml | 46 +---- 8 files changed, 1091 insertions(+), 750 deletions(-) create mode 100644 docs/dsl-specification.md diff --git a/docs/api-reference.md b/docs/api-reference.md index 7290f38..9d2f5a2 100644 --- a/docs/api-reference.md +++ b/docs/api-reference.md @@ -2,276 +2,256 @@ ## ProofOfThought -Main API for Z3-based reasoning. - -```python -from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought -``` +`z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought.ProofOfThought` ### Constructor ```python -ProofOfThought( - llm_client, - model="gpt-5", - backend="smt2", - max_attempts=3, - verify_timeout=10000, - optimize_timeout=100000, - cache_dir=None, - z3_path="z3" -) +def __init__( + self, + llm_client: Any, + model: str = "gpt-5", + backend: Literal["json", "smt2"] = "smt2", + max_attempts: int = 3, + verify_timeout: int = 10000, + optimize_timeout: int = 100000, + cache_dir: str | None = None, + z3_path: str = "z3", +) -> None ``` **Parameters:** -- `llm_client` - OpenAI, AzureOpenAI, or compatible LLM client -- `model` (str) - Model/deployment name (default: "gpt-5") -- `backend` (str) - Execution backend: "smt2" or "json" (default: "smt2") -- `max_attempts` (int) - Max retries for program generation (default: 3) -- `verify_timeout` (int) - Z3 verification timeout in ms (default: 10000) -- `optimize_timeout` (int) - Z3 optimization timeout in ms (default: 100000) -- `cache_dir` (str|None) - Directory for caching programs (default: temp dir) -- `z3_path` (str) - Path to Z3 executable for SMT2 backend (default: "z3") +- `llm_client`: OpenAI/AzureOpenAI client instance +- `model`: Deployment/model name (default: `"gpt-5"`) +- `backend`: `"json"` or `"smt2"` (default: `"smt2"`) +- `max_attempts`: Retry limit for generation (default: `3`) +- `verify_timeout`: Z3 timeout in milliseconds (default: `10000`) +- `optimize_timeout`: Optimization timeout in ms, JSON only (default: `100000`) +- `cache_dir`: Program cache directory (default: `tempfile.gettempdir()`) +- `z3_path`: Z3 executable path for SMT2 (default: `"z3"`) ### query() -Ask a reasoning question. - ```python -result = pot.query( - question, - max_attempts=None, - save_program=False -) +def query( + self, + question: str, + temperature: float = 0.1, + max_tokens: int = 16384, + save_program: bool = False, + program_path: str | None = None, +) -> QueryResult ``` **Parameters:** -- `question` (str) - Natural language question -- `max_attempts` (int|None) - Override max attempts for this query -- `save_program` (bool) - Save generated program to disk (default: False) +- `question`: Natural language question +- `temperature`: LLM temperature (default: `0.1`, ignored for GPT-5 which only supports `1.0`) +- `max_tokens`: Max completion tokens (default: `16384`) +- `save_program`: Save generated program to disk (default: `False`) +- `program_path`: Custom save path (default: auto-generated in `cache_dir`) **Returns:** `QueryResult` +**Implementation:** Retry loop with error feedback + ```python -@dataclass -class QueryResult: - question: str # Original question - answer: bool | None # True, False, or None if error - json_program: dict | None # Generated program (if JSON backend) - sat_count: int # Number of SAT results - unsat_count: int # Number of UNSAT results - output: str # Raw Z3 output - success: bool # Did query complete? - num_attempts: int # Attempts taken - error: str | None # Error message if failed +for attempt in range(1, max_attempts + 1): + if attempt == 1: + gen_result = self.generator.generate(question, temperature, max_tokens) + else: + gen_result = self.generator.generate_with_feedback( + question, error_trace, previous_response, temperature, max_tokens + ) + # ... execute and check result ``` -**Example:** +## QueryResult ```python -result = pot.query("Can fish breathe underwater?") -print(result.answer) # True -print(f"Took {result.num_attempts} attempts") +@dataclass +class QueryResult: + question: str # Input question + answer: bool | None # True (SAT), False (UNSAT), None (ambiguous/error) + json_program: dict[str, Any] | None # Generated program if JSON backend + sat_count: int # SAT occurrences in output + unsat_count: int # UNSAT occurrences + output: str # Raw Z3 output + success: bool # Execution completed + num_attempts: int # Generation attempts used + error: str | None # Error message if failed ``` ## EvaluationPipeline -Batch evaluation on datasets. - -```python -from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline -``` +`z3adapter.reasoning.evaluation.EvaluationPipeline` ### Constructor ```python -EvaluationPipeline( - proof_of_thought, - output_dir="results/" -) +def __init__( + self, + proof_of_thought: ProofOfThought, + output_dir: str = "evaluation_results", + num_workers: int = 1, +) -> None ``` **Parameters:** -- `proof_of_thought` (ProofOfThought) - Configured ProofOfThought instance -- `output_dir` (str) - Directory for saving results (default: "results/") +- `proof_of_thought`: Configured ProofOfThought instance +- `output_dir`: Results directory (default: `"evaluation_results"`) +- `num_workers`: Parallel workers (default: `1`, uses `ThreadPoolExecutor` if `> 1`) ### evaluate() -Run evaluation on a dataset. - ```python -result = evaluator.evaluate( - dataset, - question_field="question", - answer_field="answer", - max_samples=None, - save_results=True -) +def evaluate( + self, + dataset: list[dict[str, Any]] | str, + question_field: str = "question", + answer_field: str = "answer", + id_field: str | None = None, + max_samples: int | None = None, + skip_existing: bool = True, +) -> EvaluationResult ``` **Parameters:** -- `dataset` (str) - Path to JSON dataset -- `question_field` (str) - JSON field containing questions (default: "question") -- `answer_field` (str) - JSON field containing answers (default: "answer") -- `max_samples` (int|None) - Limit number of samples (default: all) -- `save_results` (bool) - Save detailed results to disk (default: True) +- `dataset`: JSON file path or list of dicts +- `question_field`: Field name for question text (default: `"question"`) +- `answer_field`: Field name for ground truth (default: `"answer"`) +- `id_field`: Field for sample ID (default: `None`, auto-generates `sample_{idx}`) +- `max_samples`: Limit samples (default: `None`, all) +- `skip_existing`: Skip cached results (default: `True`) **Returns:** `EvaluationResult` -```python -@dataclass -class EvaluationResult: - metrics: EvaluationMetrics - predictions: list - dataset_name: str - timestamp: str -``` +**Caching:** Saves `{sample_id}_result.json` and `{sample_id}_program{ext}` to `output_dir` -**EvaluationMetrics:** +## EvaluationMetrics ```python @dataclass class EvaluationMetrics: - accuracy: float # Percentage correct - precision: float # True positives / (TP + FP) - recall: float # True positives / (TP + FN) - f1: float # Harmonic mean of precision/recall - success_rate: float # Percentage of queries that completed - total_samples: int - correct: int - incorrect: int - failed: int + accuracy: float # sklearn.metrics.accuracy_score + precision: float # sklearn.metrics.precision_score (zero_division=0) + recall: float # sklearn.metrics.recall_score (zero_division=0) + f1_score: float # 2 * (P * R) / (P + R) + specificity: float # TN / (TN + FP) + false_positive_rate: float # FP / (FP + TN) + false_negative_rate: float # FN / (FN + TP) + tp: int # True positives + fp: int # False positives + tn: int # True negatives + fn: int # False negatives + total_samples: int # Correct + wrong + failed + correct_answers: int # answer == ground_truth + wrong_answers: int # answer != ground_truth + failed_answers: int # success == False ``` -**Example:** +Computed via `sklearn.metrics.confusion_matrix` for binary classification. -```python -from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought, EvaluationPipeline - -pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client) -evaluator = EvaluationPipeline(proof_of_thought=pot) - -result = evaluator.evaluate( - dataset="data/strategyQA_train.json", - max_samples=100 -) - -print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") -print(f"F1 Score: {result.metrics.f1:.4f}") -``` +## Backend -## Data Classes +`z3adapter.backends.abstract.Backend` -### QueryResult - -Returned by `ProofOfThought.query()`. - -**Fields:** - -- `question` (str) - The input question -- `answer` (bool|None) - Reasoning result (True/False/None) -- `json_program` (dict|None) - Generated program if using JSON backend -- `sat_count` (int) - Number of SAT (satisfiable) results -- `unsat_count` (int) - Number of UNSAT (unsatisfiable) results -- `output` (str) - Raw Z3 output -- `success` (bool) - Whether execution succeeded -- `num_attempts` (int) - Generation attempts used -- `error` (str|None) - Error message if failed - -### VerificationResult - -Low-level result from backend execution. +Abstract interface: ```python -from z3adapter.backends.abstract import VerificationResult +class Backend(ABC): + @abstractmethod + def execute(self, program_path: str) -> VerificationResult: + pass + + @abstractmethod + def get_file_extension(self) -> str: + pass + + @abstractmethod + def get_prompt_template(self) -> str: + pass + + def determine_answer(self, sat_count: int, unsat_count: int) -> bool | None: + if sat_count > 0 and unsat_count == 0: + return True + elif unsat_count > 0 and sat_count == 0: + return False + else: + return None ``` -**Fields:** - -- `answer` (bool|None) - True (SAT), False (UNSAT), None (error) -- `sat_count` (int) - Count of SAT results -- `unsat_count` (int) - Count of UNSAT results -- `output` (str) - Raw execution output -- `success` (bool) - Execution completed -- `error` (str|None) - Error message - -## Azure OpenAI Helper +Implementations: `SMT2Backend`, `JSONBackend` -Utility for Azure OpenAI configuration. +## VerificationResult ```python -from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +@dataclass +class VerificationResult: + answer: bool | None # True (SAT), False (UNSAT), None (ambiguous/error) + sat_count: int + unsat_count: int + output: str # Raw execution output + success: bool # Execution completed without exception + error: str | None # Error message if failed ``` -### get_client_config() - -Returns configured Azure OpenAI client and settings. +## Z3ProgramGenerator -```python -config = get_client_config() -``` +`z3adapter.reasoning.program_generator.Z3ProgramGenerator` -**Returns:** `dict` +### generate() ```python -{ - "llm_client": AzureOpenAI(...), # Configured client - "model": "gpt-5" # Deployment name -} +def generate( + self, + question: str, + temperature: float = 0.1, + max_tokens: int = 16384, +) -> GenerationResult ``` -**Environment variables required:** - -```bash -AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY=... -AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT=https://....openai.azure.com/ -AZURE_OPENAI_API_VERSION=2024-08-01-preview -AZURE_GPT5_DEPLOYMENT_NAME=gpt-5 -``` - -**Example:** +**LLM API Call:** ```python -from utils.azure_config import get_client_config -from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought - -config = get_client_config() -pot = ProofOfThought( - llm_client=config["llm_client"], - model=config["model"] +response = self.llm_client.chat.completions.create( + model=self.model, + messages=[{"role": "user", "content": prompt}], + max_completion_tokens=max_tokens, ) ``` -## Low-Level Components - -Most users won't need these—use `ProofOfThought` instead. - -### Z3ProgramGenerator +Note: `temperature` parameter not passed (GPT-5 constraint). -Generates Z3 programs from natural language. +### generate_with_feedback() -```python -from z3adapter.reasoning import Z3ProgramGenerator -``` - -### Z3Verifier - -Executes and verifies Z3 programs. +Multi-turn conversation with error feedback: ```python -from z3adapter.reasoning import Z3Verifier +messages=[ + {"role": "user", "content": prompt}, + {"role": "assistant", "content": previous_response}, + {"role": "user", "content": feedback_message}, +] ``` -### Backends +## Utility: Azure Config -Backend implementations. +`utils.azure_config.get_client_config()` +Returns: ```python -from z3adapter.backends import JSONBackend, SMT2Backend +{ + "llm_client": AzureOpenAI(...), + "model": str # Deployment name from env +} ``` -See [Backends](backends.md) for details. +Required environment variables: +- `AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY` +- `AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT` +- `AZURE_OPENAI_API_VERSION` +- `AZURE_GPT5_DEPLOYMENT_NAME` or `AZURE_GPT4O_DEPLOYMENT_NAME` diff --git a/docs/backends.md b/docs/backends.md index d131b24..3e5a584 100644 --- a/docs/backends.md +++ b/docs/backends.md @@ -1,224 +1,244 @@ # Backends -ProofOfThought supports two execution backends. Both use Z3, but they speak different languages. +Two execution backends for Z3: SMT-LIB 2.0 (standard) and JSON DSL (custom). -## TL;DR +## SMT2Backend -- **Use SMT2** (default) for standard SMT-LIB format and portability -- **Use JSON** for better LLM reliability and richer features +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/backends/smt2_backend.py` -## SMT2 Backend +### Execution + +```python +subprocess.run([z3_path, f"-T:{timeout_seconds}", program_path]) +``` -The SMT2 backend generates programs in SMT-LIB 2.0 format and runs them via the Z3 CLI. +- Z3 CLI subprocess with timeout flag +- Hard timeout: `timeout_seconds + 10` +- Output captured from stdout + stderr -### Example program +### Result Parsing -```smt2 -(declare-sort Person 0) -(declare-const nancy Person) -(declare-fun supports_abortion (Person) Bool) -(assert (supports_abortion nancy)) -(declare-const query Bool) -(assert (= query (not (supports_abortion nancy)))) -(check-sat) +```python +sat_pattern = r"(? 0, unsat_count == 0` → `True` +- `unsat_count > 0, sat_count == 0` → `False` +- Otherwise → `None` -- You want industry-standard SMT-LIB format -- You need portability to other SMT solvers -- You want standalone executable programs -- You're comfortable debugging SMT2 syntax +### Prompt Template -### Setup +Source: `z3adapter/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py` -```python -from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought +Instructions for generating SMT-LIB 2.0 programs. Key requirements: +- All commands as S-expressions: `(command args...)` +- Declare sorts before use +- Single `(check-sat)` per program +- Semantic: `sat` = constraint satisfiable, `unsat` = contradicts knowledge base -pot = ProofOfThought( - llm_client=client, - backend="smt2", # default - z3_path="z3" # optional: path to Z3 executable -) -``` +### File Extension + +`.smt2` + +##JSON Backend -### Pros +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/backends/json_backend.py` -✓ Standard format -✓ No Python overhead -✓ Portable to other solvers -✓ Standalone executability +### Execution Pipeline -### Cons +```python +interpreter = Z3JSONInterpreter(program_path, verify_timeout, optimize_timeout) +interpreter.run() +sat_count, unsat_count = interpreter.get_verification_counts() +``` -✗ Harder for LLMs to generate correctly -✗ Less structured error messages -✗ Requires Z3 CLI installed +### Z3JSONInterpreter Pipeline -## JSON Backend +**Step 1: SortManager** (`z3adapter/dsl/sorts.py`) -The JSON backend uses a custom DSL that's parsed and executed via the Z3 Python API. +Topologically sorts type definitions to handle dependencies. Creates Z3 sorts: -### Example program +- Built-in: `BoolSort()`, `IntSort()`, `RealSort()` (pre-defined) +- Custom: `DeclareSort(name)`, `EnumSort(name, values)`, `BitVecSort(n)`, `ArraySort(domain, range)` +Example ArraySort dependency: ```json -{ - "sorts": ["Person"], - "constants": { - "nancy": "Person" - }, - "functions": [{ - "name": "supports_abortion", - "domain": ["Person"], - "range": "Bool" - }], - "knowledge_base": [ - {"type": "assert", "value": "supports_abortion(nancy)"} - ], - "verifications": [{ - "type": "check_sat", - "hypotheses": ["Not(supports_abortion(nancy))"] - }] -} +{"name": "IntArray", "type": "ArraySort(IntSort, IntSort)"} ``` -### When to use +Requires `IntSort` already defined (built-in) before creating `IntArray`. -- LLMs struggle with SMT2 syntax -- You want better error messages -- You don't want to install Z3 CLI -- You need richer DSL features (optimization, complex rules) +**Step 2: ExpressionParser** (`z3adapter/dsl/expressions.py`) -### Setup +Parses logical expressions from strings via restricted `eval()`: ```python -from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought - -pot = ProofOfThought( - llm_client=client, - backend="json" -) +safe_globals = {**Z3_OPERATORS, **functions} +context = {**functions, **constants, **variables, **quantified_vars} +ExpressionValidator.safe_eval(expr_str, safe_globals, context) ``` -### Pros +Whitelisted operators: +```python +Z3_OPERATORS = { + "And", "Or", "Not", "Implies", "If", "Distinct", + "Sum", "Product", "ForAll", "Exists", "Function", "Array", "BitVecVal" +} +``` -✓ Easier for LLMs to generate -✓ Better error messages -✓ No CLI dependency -✓ Richer DSL features +**Step 3: Verifier** (`z3adapter/verification/verifier.py`) -### Cons +For each verification condition: +```python +result = solver.check(condition) # Adds condition as hypothesis to KB +if result == sat: + sat_count += 1 +elif result == unsat: + unsat_count += 1 +``` -✗ Not a standard format -✗ Only works with Z3 Python API -✗ Not portable to other solvers +**Verification Semantics:** +- `solver.check(φ)` asks: "Is KB ∧ φ satisfiable?" +- SAT: φ is consistent with KB (possible) +- UNSAT: φ contradicts KB (impossible) -## How it works +### Prompt Template -### Program generation +Source: `z3adapter/reasoning/prompt_template.py` -The LLM sees different prompts for each backend: +Comprehensive 546-line specification of JSON DSL. Key sections: -- **SMT2**: Gets examples of SMT-LIB 2.0 programs -- **JSON**: Gets examples of the JSON DSL +**Sorts:** +```json +{"name": "Person", "type": "DeclareSort"} +``` -Templates are in: -- `z3adapter/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py` -- `z3adapter/reasoning/prompt_template.py` +**Functions:** +```json +{"name": "supports", "domain": ["Person", "Issue"], "range": "BoolSort"} +``` -### Execution +**Constants:** +```json +{"persons": {"sort": "Person", "members": ["nancy_pelosi"]}} +``` -Both backends return the same `VerificationResult`: +**Variables:** +Free variables for quantifier binding: +```json +{"name": "p", "sort": "Person"} +``` -```python -@dataclass -class VerificationResult: - answer: bool | None # True (SAT), False (UNSAT), None (error) - sat_count: int # Number of SAT results - unsat_count: int # Number of UNSAT results - output: str # Raw Z3 output - success: bool # Did execution complete? - error: str | None # Error message if failed +**Knowledge Base:** +```json +["ForAll([p], Implies(is_democrat(p), supports_abortion(p)))"] ``` -### File extensions +**Verifications:** +Three types: -Programs are saved with appropriate extensions: +1. Simple constraint: +```json +{"name": "test", "constraint": "supports_abortion(nancy)"} +``` -- SMT2: `.smt2` -- JSON: `.json` +2. Existential: +```json +{"name": "test", "exists": [{"name": "x", "sort": "Int"}], "constraint": "x > 0"} +``` -Use `save_program=True` in `query()` to keep generated programs. +3. Universal: +```json +{"name": "test", "forall": [{"name": "x", "sort": "Int"}], + "implies": {"antecedent": "x > 0", "consequent": "x >= 1"}} +``` -## Benchmark comparison +**Critical constraint:** Single verification per question (avoid ambiguous results from testing both φ and ¬φ). -Results on 100 samples per dataset: +### File Extension -| Dataset | SMT2 Accuracy | JSON Accuracy | -|---------|---------------|---------------| -| ProntoQA | 100% | 99% | -| FOLIO | 69% | 76% | -| ProofWriter | 99% | 96% | -| ConditionalQA | 83% | 76% | -| StrategyQA | 84% | 68% | +`.json` -SMT2 edges out JSON on most benchmarks, but both are viable. +## Benchmark Performance -## Switching backends +Results from `experiments_pipeline.py` (100 samples per dataset, GPT-5, `max_attempts=3`): -You can compare backends on the same question: +| Dataset | SMT2 Accuracy | JSON Accuracy | SMT2 Success | JSON Success | +|---------|---------------|---------------|--------------|--------------| +| ProntoQA | 100% | 99% | 100% | 100% | +| FOLIO | 69% | 76% | 99% | 94% | +| ProofWriter | 99% | 96% | 99% | 96% | +| ConditionalQA | 83% | 76% | 100% | 89% | +| StrategyQA | 84% | 68% | 100% | 86% | -```python -question = "Can fish breathe underwater?" +**Success Rate** = percentage of queries completing without error (generation + execution). -# Try both -pot_smt2 = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client, backend="smt2") -pot_json = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client, backend="json") +SMT2 higher accuracy on 4/5 datasets. JSON higher success rate variance (86-100% vs 99-100%). -result_smt2 = pot_smt2.query(question) -result_json = pot_json.query(question) +## Implementation Differences -print(f"SMT2: {result_smt2.answer}") -print(f"JSON: {result_json.answer}") +### Program Generation + +**SMT2:** Extract from markdown via: +```python +pattern = r"```smt2\s*([\s\S]*?)\s*```" ``` -See `examples/backend_comparison.py` for a full example. +**JSON:** Extract and parse via: +```python +pattern = r"```json\s*(\{[\s\S]*?\})\s*```" +json.loads(match.group(1)) +``` -## Architecture +### Error Handling -Both backends implement the same interface: +**SMT2:** +- Subprocess timeout → `TimeoutExpired` +- Parse errors → regex mismatch → `answer=None` +- Z3 errors in stderr → still parsed -```python -class Backend(ABC): - @abstractmethod - def execute(self, program_path: str) -> VerificationResult: - pass +**JSON:** +- JSON parse error → extraction failure +- Z3 Python API exception → caught in `try/except` +- Invalid sort reference → `ValueError` during SortManager +- Expression eval error → `ValueError` during ExpressionParser - @abstractmethod - def get_file_extension(self) -> str: - pass +### Timeout Configuration - @abstractmethod - def get_prompt_template(self) -> str: - pass -``` +**SMT2:** +- Single timeout parameter: `verify_timeout` (ms) +- Converted to seconds for Z3 CLI: `verify_timeout // 1000` +- Hard subprocess timeout: `timeout_seconds + 10` -Location: `z3adapter/backends/` +**JSON:** +- Two timeouts: `verify_timeout` (ms), `optimize_timeout` (ms) +- Set via `solver.set("timeout", verify_timeout)` in Verifier +- Applies per `solver.check()` call -- `abstract.py` - Interface definition -- `smt2_backend.py` - SMT-LIB 2.0 implementation -- `json_backend.py` - JSON DSL implementation +## Backend Selection Code -## Troubleshooting - -**SMT2: "z3 command not found"** +```python +if backend == "json": + from z3adapter.backends.json_backend import JSONBackend + backend_instance = JSONBackend(verify_timeout, optimize_timeout) +else: # smt2 + from z3adapter.backends.smt2_backend import SMT2Backend + backend_instance = SMT2Backend(verify_timeout, z3_path) +``` -Install Z3 CLI or switch to JSON backend. +File: `z3adapter/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py:78-90` -**JSON: Slower execution?** +## Prompt Selection -JSON uses Python API, which has slight overhead. Usually negligible. +```python +if self.backend == "json": + prompt = build_prompt(question) +else: # smt2 + prompt = build_smt2_prompt(question) +``` -**Different answers between backends?** +File: `z3adapter/reasoning/program_generator.py:78-81` -Both backends are correct—differences likely come from LLM generation variance. Run multiple queries or increase `max_attempts`. +Prompts include few-shot examples and format specifications. SMT2 prompt emphasizes S-expression syntax. JSON prompt details variable scoping and quantifier semantics. diff --git a/docs/benchmarks.md b/docs/benchmarks.md index d684b37..1d6d4f9 100644 --- a/docs/benchmarks.md +++ b/docs/benchmarks.md @@ -1,6 +1,24 @@ # Benchmarks -ProofOfThought has been evaluated on 5 logical reasoning datasets. +Evaluation on 5 logical reasoning datasets using Azure GPT-5. + +## Methodology + +**Model:** Azure GPT-5 deployment +**Configuration:** +- `max_attempts=3` (retry with error feedback) +- `verify_timeout=10000ms` +- `optimize_timeout=100000ms` (JSON backend only) +- `num_workers=10` (ThreadPoolExecutor for parallel processing) + +**Metrics:** `sklearn.metrics` +- Accuracy: `accuracy_score(y_true, y_pred)` +- Precision: `precision_score(y_true, y_pred, zero_division=0)` +- Recall: `recall_score(y_true, y_pred, zero_division=0)` +- F1: `2 * (precision * recall) / (precision + recall)` +- Success Rate: `(total - failed) / total` + +**Execution:** `experiments_pipeline.py` runs all benchmarks sequentially, modifying `BACKEND` variable in each `benchmark/bench_*.py` script via regex substitution. ## Results @@ -19,134 +37,138 @@ ProofOfThought has been evaluated on 5 logical reasoning datasets. | ConditionalQA | JSON | 100 | 76.00% | 0.9180 | 0.8750 | 0.8960 | 89.00% | | StrategyQA | JSON | 100 | 68.00% | 0.7500 | 0.7895 | 0.7692 | 86.00% | -## Datasets +## Dataset Characteristics ### ProntoQA -Synthetic first-order logic problems with clear provable answers. +Synthetic first-order logic with deterministic inference. **Example:** - ``` -Question: "Stella is a lion. All lions are brown. Is Stella brown?" +Facts: "Stella is a lion. All lions are brown." +Question: "Is Stella brown?" Answer: True ``` -**Performance:** Near-perfect accuracy with both backends. This is the easiest dataset. +**Performance:** +- SMT2: 100% (100/100) +- JSON: 99% (99/100) + +Both backends near-perfect. Simplest dataset. ### FOLIO -First-order logic inference problems derived from Wikipedia. +First-order logic from Wikipedia articles. -**Example:** +**Characteristics:** Complex nested quantifiers, longer inference chains. -``` -Question: "All cats are mammals. Fluffy is a cat. Is Fluffy a mammal?" -Answer: True -``` +**Performance:** +- SMT2: 69% (69/100) +- JSON: 76% (76/100) -**Performance:** Most challenging dataset. SMT2 gets 69%, JSON gets 76%. The higher accuracy with JSON suggests LLMs struggle with SMT2 syntax for complex logic. +JSON outperforms SMT2 (+7%). Most challenging dataset. Lower success rate for JSON (94% vs 99%) indicates generation difficulties. ### ProofWriter -Deductive reasoning over facts and rules. +Deductive reasoning over explicit facts and rules. **Example:** - ``` Facts: "The bear is red. If something is red, then it is kind." Question: "Is the bear kind?" Answer: True ``` -**Performance:** Near-perfect with SMT2 (99%), very good with JSON (96%). +**Performance:** +- SMT2: 98.96% (95/96) +- JSON: 95.83% (92/96) -### ConditionalQA +High accuracy for both. SMT2 slight edge (+3%). -Reasoning with conditional statements. +### ConditionalQA -**Example:** +Conditional reasoning with if-then statements. -``` -Question: "If it rains, the ground is wet. It is raining. Is the ground wet?" -Answer: True -``` +**Performance:** +- SMT2: 83% (83/100) +- JSON: 76% (76/100) -**Performance:** SMT2 achieves 83%, JSON achieves 76%. Both backends handle conditionals well. +SMT2 better accuracy (+7%) and higher success rate (100% vs 89%). ### StrategyQA -Multi-hop reasoning requiring implicit knowledge. +Multi-hop reasoning requiring implicit world knowledge. **Example:** - ``` Question: "Would a vegetarian eat a burger made of plants?" -Answer: True +Answer: True (requires knowing: vegetarians avoid meat, plant burgers have no meat) ``` -**Performance:** SMT2 gets 84%, JSON gets 68%. This dataset requires more complex reasoning chains. +**Performance:** +- SMT2: 84% (84/100) +- JSON: 68% (68/100) + +Largest gap (+16% for SMT2). Both achieve 100%/86% success rates respectively. -## Metrics Explained +## Analysis -- **Accuracy**: Percentage of correct predictions -- **Precision**: Of all positive predictions, how many were correct? - - `True Positives / (True Positives + False Positives)` -- **Recall**: Of all actual positives, how many did we catch? - - `True Positives / (True Positives + False Negatives)` -- **F1 Score**: Harmonic mean of precision and recall - - `2 × (Precision × Recall) / (Precision + Recall)` -- **Success Rate**: Percentage of queries that completed without errors +### Accuracy Summary -## Backend Comparison +**SMT2:** 86.8% average across datasets +**JSON:** 82.8% average across datasets -### SMT2 Backend +SMT2 superior on 4/5 datasets (FOLIO exception where JSON +7%). -**Strengths:** -- Better on ProofWriter (99% vs 96%) -- Better on ConditionalQA (83% vs 76%) -- Better on StrategyQA (84% vs 68%) -- Higher overall accuracy on 4/5 benchmarks +### Success Rate Summary -**Weaknesses:** -- Slightly worse on FOLIO (69% vs 76%) -- More generation errors (lower success rate on some datasets) +**SMT2:** 99.4% average (range: 98.96-100%) +**JSON:** 92.8% average (range: 86-100%) -### JSON Backend +SMT2 more reliable program generation and execution. JSON success rate variance higher, indicating LLM generation issues on some datasets. -**Strengths:** -- Better on FOLIO (76% vs 69%) -- More reliable generation (higher success rates) -- Better error messages for debugging +### Failure Modes -**Weaknesses:** -- Lower accuracy on StrategyQA (68% vs 84%) -- Lower accuracy on ConditionalQA (76% vs 83%) +**SMT2 failures:** +- JSON extraction from markdown: regex mismatch +- Z3 subprocess timeout (rare with 10s limit) +- Invalid SMT-LIB syntax (caught by Z3 parser) -## Running Your Own Benchmarks +**JSON failures:** +- JSON parsing errors post-extraction +- Invalid sort references (e.g., undefined `Person` sort) +- Expression evaluation errors in `ExpressionParser.parse_expression()` +- Z3 Python API exceptions + +## Reproducing Results -### Full suite +### Full benchmark suite ```bash python experiments_pipeline.py ``` -This runs all 5 benchmarks with both backends and updates the README. +Generates: +- `results/benchmark_results.json` - Raw metrics +- `results/benchmark_results.md` - Markdown table +- Updates `README.md` between `` markers ### Single benchmark +```bash +python benchmark/bench_strategyqa.py +``` + +Modify `BACKEND` variable in script (`smt2` or `json`). + +### Custom evaluation + ```python from utils.azure_config import get_client_config from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought, EvaluationPipeline config = get_client_config() - -pot = ProofOfThought( - llm_client=config["llm_client"], - model=config["model"], - backend="smt2" -) - +pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=config["llm_client"], backend="smt2") evaluator = EvaluationPipeline(proof_of_thought=pot) result = evaluator.evaluate( @@ -155,47 +177,30 @@ result = evaluator.evaluate( ) print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") +print(f"Precision: {result.metrics.precision:.4f}") +print(f"Recall: {result.metrics.recall:.4f}") +print(f"F1: {result.metrics.f1_score:.4f}") ``` -### Custom datasets - -See [Examples](examples.md#dataset-format) for dataset format requirements. - -## Performance Notes - -**Generation time:** 2-5 seconds per query on average with GPT-5. +## Dataset Sources -**Success rate:** SMT2 achieves 99-100% success rate. JSON achieves 86-100% success rate. +- **ProntoQA:** `data/prontoqa_test.json` +- **FOLIO:** `data/folio_test.json` +- **ProofWriter:** `data/proof_writer_test.json` +- **ConditionalQA:** `data/conditionalQA_test.json` +- **StrategyQA:** `data/strategyQA_train.json` -**Timeouts:** Default timeouts (10s verify, 100s optimize) work well for these datasets. +Format: JSON arrays with `question` and `answer` fields (boolean). -## Why the differences? +## Implementation Notes -Backend performance varies because: +**Parallel Processing:** +Benchmark scripts use `num_workers=10` with `ThreadPoolExecutor` (not `ProcessPoolExecutor` due to ProofOfThought unpicklability). -1. **LLM generation reliability**: JSON is more structured, easier for LLMs to generate correctly -2. **Syntax complexity**: SMT2 requires precise S-expression syntax -3. **Error recovery**: JSON provides better error messages, leading to better retries -4. **Dataset characteristics**: Some logical patterns are easier in one DSL vs the other - -**Recommendation:** Start with SMT2 (default). Switch to JSON if you see low success rates. - -## Reproducing Results - -All results are from: - -- **Model:** GPT-5 (Azure deployment) -- **Max attempts:** 3 -- **Verify timeout:** 10000ms -- **Optimize timeout:** 100000ms -- **Sample size:** 100 per dataset (96 for ProofWriter) - -To reproduce: - -```bash -# Set up Azure config in .env -# Then run experiments -python experiments_pipeline.py -``` +**Caching:** +`skip_existing=True` enables resumption. Results cached as: +- `output/{backend}_evaluation_{dataset}/{sample_id}_result.json` +- `output/{backend}_programs_{dataset}/{sample_id}_program.{ext}` -Results are saved to `results/` with timestamp and full metrics. +**Timeout Handling:** +`experiments_pipeline.py` sets 1-hour subprocess timeout per benchmark. Individual Z3 calls timeout at 10s (verify) or 100s (optimize). diff --git a/docs/dsl-specification.md b/docs/dsl-specification.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..596a765 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/dsl-specification.md @@ -0,0 +1,414 @@ +# DSL Specification + +Technical details of the JSON DSL implementation. + +## Rules vs Verifications + +**Critical distinction:** Rules modify the solver state. Verifications query the solver state. + +### Rules + +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/dsl/expressions.py:159-204` + +**Operation:** `solver.add(assertion)` + +Rules are **permanently asserted** into the solver's knowledge base during step 6 of interpretation. + +```python +# Line 189: Implication rule +solver.add(ForAll(variables, Implies(antecedent, consequent))) + +# Line 194-196: Constraint rule +if variables: + solver.add(ForAll(variables, constraint)) +else: + solver.add(constraint) +``` + +**Structure:** +```json +{ + "forall": [{"name": "p", "sort": "Person"}], + "implies": { + "antecedent": "is_democrat(p)", + "consequent": "supports_abortion(p)" + } +} +``` + +**Effect:** Defines axioms. Every subsequent verification will inherit this constraint. + +### Verifications + +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/verification/verifier.py:84-127` + +**Operation:** `solver.check(condition)` + +Verifications **test conditions** against the existing knowledge base without modifying it. + +```python +# Line 113 +result = solver.check(condition) # Temporary hypothesis check + +if result == sat: + self.sat_count += 1 +elif result == unsat: + self.unsat_count += 1 +``` + +**Semantics:** Checks if `KB ∧ condition` is satisfiable. + +- **SAT**: condition is consistent with KB +- **UNSAT**: condition contradicts KB + +**Structure:** +```json +{ + "name": "test_pelosi", + "constraint": "publicly_denounce(nancy, abortion)" +} +``` + +**Effect:** Returns SAT/UNSAT but does NOT add to KB. + +### Example + +```json +{ + "rules": [ + { + "forall": [{"name": "p", "sort": "Person"}], + "implies": {"antecedent": "is_democrat(p)", "consequent": "supports_abortion(p)"} + } + ], + "knowledge_base": ["is_democrat(nancy)"], + "verifications": [ + {"name": "test", "constraint": "supports_abortion(nancy)"} + ] +} +``` + +**Execution:** +1. `solver.add(ForAll([p], Implies(is_democrat(p), supports_abortion(p))))` — rule +2. `solver.add(is_democrat(nancy))` — knowledge base +3. `solver.check(supports_abortion(nancy))` — verification → **SAT** + +## Variable Scoping + +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/dsl/expressions.py:69-107` + +### Free Variables + +Declared in global `"variables"` section. Available throughout program. + +```json +"variables": [{"name": "x", "sort": "Int"}] +``` + +Added to evaluation context (line 91): +```python +context.update(self.variables) +``` + +### Quantified Variables + +Bound by `ForAll` or `Exists` quantifiers. Temporarily shadow free variables within quantified scope. + +```json +"knowledge_base": ["ForAll([x], x > 0)"] +``` + +Here `x` must exist in context (from `"variables"`) to be bound by `ForAll`. + +### Shadowing + +Code checks for shadowing (lines 100-106): +```python +for v in quantified_vars: + var_name = v.decl().name() + if var_name in context and var_name not in [...]: + logger.warning(f"Quantified variable '{var_name}' shadows existing symbol") + context[var_name] = v +``` + +Variables bound by quantifiers override free variables in local scope. + +## Answer Determination + +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/backends/abstract.py:52-67` + +```python +def determine_answer(self, sat_count: int, unsat_count: int) -> bool | None: + if sat_count > 0 and unsat_count == 0: + return True + elif unsat_count > 0 and sat_count == 0: + return False + else: + return None # Ambiguous +``` + +**Ambiguous results** (`None`) occur when: +- `sat_count > 0 and unsat_count > 0` — multiple verifications with conflicting results +- `sat_count == 0 and unsat_count == 0` — no verifications or all unknown + +**Handling:** `proof_of_thought.py:183-191` treats `None` as error and retries with feedback: +```python +if verify_result.answer is None: + error_trace = ( + f"Ambiguous verification result: " + f"SAT={verify_result.sat_count}, UNSAT={verify_result.unsat_count}" + ) + continue # Retry with error feedback +``` + +**Best practice:** Single verification per program (enforced by prompt template line 416). + +## Security Model + +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/security/validator.py` + +### AST Validation + +Before `eval()`, parses to AST and checks for dangerous constructs (lines 21-42): + +**Blocked:** +- Dunder attributes: `__import__`, `__class__`, etc. (line 24) +- Imports: `import`, `from ... import` (line 29) +- Function/class definitions (line 32) +- Builtin abuse: `eval`, `exec`, `compile`, `__import__` (line 36-42) + +### Restricted Evaluation + +```python +# Line 66 +eval(code, {"__builtins__": {}}, {**safe_globals, **context}) +``` + +- **No builtins**: `__builtins__: {}` prevents access to `open`, `print`, etc. +- **Whitelisted globals**: Only Z3 operators and user-defined functions +- **Local context**: Constants, variables, quantified vars + +**Whitelisted operators** (`expressions.py:33-47`): +```python +Z3_OPERATORS = { + "And", "Or", "Not", "Implies", "If", "Distinct", + "Sum", "Product", "ForAll", "Exists", "Function", "Array", "BitVecVal" +} +``` + +## Sort Dependency Resolution + +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/dsl/sorts.py:36-97` + +Uses **Kahn's algorithm** for topological sorting. + +### Dependency Extraction + +ArraySort creates dependencies (lines 59-62): +```python +if sort_type.startswith("ArraySort("): + domain_range = sort_type[len("ArraySort(") : -1] + parts = [s.strip() for s in domain_range.split(",")] + deps.extend(parts) +``` + +Example: +```json +{"name": "MyArray", "type": "ArraySort(IntSort, Person)"} +``` +Depends on: `IntSort` (built-in, skip), `Person` (must be defined first). + +### Topological Sort + +Kahn's algorithm (lines 66-87): +1. Calculate in-degree (dependency count) for each sort +2. Process sorts with zero dependencies first +3. Reduce in-degree of dependents +4. Detect cycles if not all sorts processed (lines 90-92) + +**Circular dependency detection:** +```python +if len(sorted_names) != len(dependencies): + remaining = set(dependencies.keys()) - set(sorted_names) + raise ValueError(f"Circular dependency detected in sorts: {remaining}") +``` + +## Optimizer Independence + +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/optimization/optimizer.py:29-39` + +```python +def __init__(self, ...): + self.optimizer = Optimize() # Separate instance +``` + +**Critical:** `Optimize()` is **separate from `Solver()`**. Does NOT share constraints. + +From docstring (line 38-39): +> The optimizer is separate from the solver and doesn't share constraints. +> This is intentional to allow independent optimization problems. + +Optimizer has its own variables and constraints (lines 49-69). Can reference global constants via extended context (line 60-61): +```python +base_context = self.expression_parser.build_context() +opt_context = {**base_context, **optimization_vars} +``` + +## Execution Pipeline + +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/interpreter.py:135-197` + +8-step execution sequence: + +```python +# Step 1: Create sorts +self.sort_manager.create_sorts(self.config["sorts"]) + +# Step 2: Create functions +functions = self.sort_manager.create_functions(self.config["functions"]) + +# Step 3: Create constants +self.sort_manager.create_constants(self.config["constants"]) + +# Step 4: Create variables +variables = self.sort_manager.create_variables(self.config.get("variables", [])) + +# Step 5: Initialize expression parser +self.expression_parser = ExpressionParser(functions, constants, variables) +self.expression_parser.mark_symbols_loaded() # Enable context caching + +# Step 6: Add knowledge base +self.expression_parser.add_knowledge_base(self.solver, self.config["knowledge_base"]) + +# Step 7: Add rules +self.expression_parser.add_rules(self.solver, self.config["rules"], sorts) + +# Step 8: Initialize verifier and add verifications +self.verifier = Verifier(self.expression_parser, sorts) +self.verifier.add_verifications(self.config["verifications"]) + +# Step 9: Perform actions (e.g., "verify_conditions") +self.perform_actions() +``` + +**Symbol loading:** Line 172 calls `mark_symbols_loaded()` to enable context caching (lines 78-84 in `expressions.py`). After this, `build_context()` returns cached dict instead of rebuilding. + +## Retry Mechanism + +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py:123-191` + +Retry loop with error feedback: + +```python +for attempt in range(1, self.max_attempts + 1): + if attempt == 1: + gen_result = self.generator.generate(question, ...) + else: + gen_result = self.generator.generate_with_feedback( + question, error_trace, previous_response, ... + ) +``` + +**Failure modes triggering retry:** + +1. **Generation failure** (lines 143-149): + ```python + if not gen_result.success or gen_result.program is None: + error_trace = gen_result.error or "Failed to generate program" + continue + ``` + +2. **Execution failure** (lines 176-180): + ```python + if not verify_result.success: + error_trace = verify_result.error or "Z3 verification failed" + continue + ``` + +3. **Ambiguous result** (lines 183-191): + ```python + if verify_result.answer is None: + error_trace = f"Ambiguous verification result: SAT={sat_count}, UNSAT={unsat_count}" + continue + ``` + +**Error feedback:** Multi-turn conversation (`program_generator.py:130-174`): +```python +messages=[ + {"role": "user", "content": prompt}, + {"role": "assistant", "content": previous_response}, + {"role": "user", "content": feedback_message}, +] +``` + +## Solver Semantics + +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/solvers/z3_solver.py:20-24` + +```python +def check(self, condition: Any = None) -> Any: + if condition is not None: + return self.solver.check(condition) # Temporary hypothesis + return self.solver.check() # Check all assertions +``` + +**Two modes:** + +1. **`solver.check()`**: Checks satisfiability of all `solver.add()` assertions +2. **`solver.check(φ)`**: Checks satisfiability of `assertions ∧ φ` **without adding φ** + +Verifications use mode 2 (`verifier.py:113`): +```python +result = solver.check(condition) +``` + +This is **temporary** — `condition` is NOT added to solver permanently. + +**Contrast with rules:** +- Rules: `solver.add(φ)` → permanent +- Verifications: `solver.check(φ)` → temporary test + +## Built-in Sorts + +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/dsl/sorts.py:31-34` + +Three built-in sorts pre-initialized: +```python +def _initialize_builtin_sorts(self) -> None: + built_in_sorts = {"BoolSort": BoolSort(), "IntSort": IntSort(), "RealSort": RealSort()} + self.sorts.update(built_in_sorts) +``` + +**Important:** Reference as `"BoolSort"`, `"IntSort"`, `"RealSort"` in JSON (not `"Bool"`, `"Int"`, `"Real"`). + +Do NOT declare in `"sorts"` section — already available. + +## Prompt Template Constraints + +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/reasoning/prompt_template.py` + +Key constraints enforced by prompt (extracted from code): + +**Line 228:** Rules with `"implies"` MUST have non-empty `"forall"` field +```python +# expressions.py:184-186 +if "implies" in rule: + if not variables: + raise ValueError("Implication rules require quantified variables") +``` + +**Line 298:** Empty quantifier lists forbidden +```python +# verifier.py:42-43, 55-56 +if not exists_vars: + raise ValueError(f"Empty 'exists' list in verification") +``` + +**Line 416:** Single verification per program (avoid ambiguous results) +```python +# Directly impacts determine_answer() — mixed SAT/UNSAT returns None +``` + +**Line 531:** Output format requirement +- Must wrap JSON in markdown code block: ` ```json ... ``` ` +- Regex extraction: `r"```json\s*(\{[\s\S]*?\})\s*```"` (`program_generator.py:224`) diff --git a/docs/examples.md b/docs/examples.md index 13f5c96..7841077 100644 --- a/docs/examples.md +++ b/docs/examples.md @@ -1,112 +1,69 @@ # Examples -All examples are in the `examples/` directory. Run them from the project root: +All examples in `examples/`. Run from project root: ```bash -cd /path/to/proofofthought -python examples/simple_usage.py +python examples/{script}.py ``` -## Basic Usage +## Basic Query -### Single query +`examples/simple_usage.py` ```python from openai import OpenAI from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought -# Set up client -client = OpenAI(api_key="...") +client = OpenAI(api_key=os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY")) pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client, model="gpt-4o") -# Ask a question result = pot.query("Would Nancy Pelosi publicly denounce abortion?") - -# Check the answer print(result.answer) # False -print(f"Successful: {result.success}") -print(f"Attempts: {result.num_attempts}") ``` -File: `examples/simple_usage.py` +## Azure OpenAI -### Azure OpenAI +`examples/azure_simple_example.py` ```python from utils.azure_config import get_client_config from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought -# Get Azure config from environment config = get_client_config() +pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=config["llm_client"], model=config["model"]) -# Initialize with Azure client -pot = ProofOfThought( - llm_client=config["llm_client"], - model=config["model"] -) - -# Use normally result = pot.query("Can fish breathe underwater?") print(result.answer) # True ``` -File: `examples/azure_simple_example.py` - -Required `.env` variables: - -```bash -AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY=... -AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT=https://....openai.azure.com/ -AZURE_OPENAI_API_VERSION=2024-08-01-preview -AZURE_GPT5_DEPLOYMENT_NAME=gpt-5 -``` - ## Backend Comparison -### Test both backends +`examples/backend_comparison.py` ```python -from utils.azure_config import get_client_config -from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought - config = get_client_config() question = "Can fish breathe underwater?" -# JSON backend -pot_json = ProofOfThought( - llm_client=config["llm_client"], - backend="json" -) -result_json = pot_json.query(question) +pot_json = ProofOfThought(llm_client=config["llm_client"], backend="json") +pot_smt2 = ProofOfThought(llm_client=config["llm_client"], backend="smt2") -# SMT2 backend -pot_smt2 = ProofOfThought( - llm_client=config["llm_client"], - backend="smt2" -) +result_json = pot_json.query(question) result_smt2 = pot_smt2.query(question) -print(f"JSON backend: {result_json.answer}") -print(f"SMT2 backend: {result_smt2.answer}") +print(f"JSON: {result_json.answer}") +print(f"SMT2: {result_smt2.answer}") ``` -File: `examples/backend_comparison.py` - ## Batch Evaluation -### Evaluate on a dataset +`examples/batch_evaluation.py` ```python -from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought, EvaluationPipeline +from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought -# Set up evaluator pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client) -evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( - proof_of_thought=pot, - output_dir="results/" -) +evaluator = EvaluationPipeline(proof_of_thought=pot, output_dir="results/") -# Run evaluation result = evaluator.evaluate( dataset="data/strategyQA_train.json", question_field="question", @@ -114,22 +71,15 @@ result = evaluator.evaluate( max_samples=100 ) -# Print metrics print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") -print(f"Precision: {result.metrics.precision:.4f}") -print(f"Recall: {result.metrics.recall:.4f}") -print(f"F1 Score: {result.metrics.f1:.4f}") -print(f"Success Rate: {result.metrics.success_rate:.2%}") +print(f"F1 Score: {result.metrics.f1_score:.4f}") ``` -File: `examples/batch_evaluation.py` +## Azure + SMT2 Evaluation -### With Azure and SMT2 backend +`examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py` ```python -from utils.azure_config import get_client_config -from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought, EvaluationPipeline - config = get_client_config() pot = ProofOfThought( @@ -139,89 +89,69 @@ pot = ProofOfThought( ) evaluator = EvaluationPipeline(proof_of_thought=pot) -result = evaluator.evaluate( - dataset="data/strategyQA_train.json", - max_samples=50 -) - -print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") +result = evaluator.evaluate("data/strategyQA_train.json", max_samples=50) ``` -File: `examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py` - -## Running Experiments +## Full Benchmark Suite -### Full benchmark suite +`experiments_pipeline.py` -Run all 5 benchmarks with both backends: +Runs all 5 benchmarks (ProntoQA, FOLIO, ProofWriter, ConditionalQA, StrategyQA) with both backends: ```bash python experiments_pipeline.py ``` -This evaluates: - -- ProntoQA (100 samples) -- FOLIO (100 samples) -- ProofWriter (96 samples) -- ConditionalQA (100 samples) -- StrategyQA (100 samples) - -Results are saved to `results/` and the README is auto-updated. - -File: `experiments_pipeline.py` - -## Advanced Usage - -### Save generated programs +Implementation: +- Modifies `benchmark/bench_*.py` files to set backend via regex +- Runs each script as subprocess with 1-hour timeout +- Collects metrics from `output/{backend}_evaluation_{benchmark}/` directories +- Generates markdown table and updates README.md +Configuration (`experiments_pipeline.py:29-41`): ```python -result = pot.query( - "Can fish breathe underwater?", - save_program=True -) - -# Programs saved to cache_dir with .json or .smt2 extension -print(f"Program saved: {result.json_program}") +BENCHMARKS = { + "prontoqa": "benchmark/bench_prontoqa.py", + "folio": "benchmark/bench_folio.py", + "proofwriter": "benchmark/bench_proofwriter.py", + "conditionalqa": "benchmark/bench_conditionalqa.py", + "strategyqa": "benchmark/bench_strategyqa.py", +} +BACKENDS = ["smt2", "json"] ``` -### Custom timeouts - -```python -pot = ProofOfThought( - llm_client=client, - verify_timeout=5000, # 5 seconds - optimize_timeout=50000, # 50 seconds - max_attempts=5 -) -``` +## Benchmark Script Structure -### Custom Z3 path +`benchmark/bench_strategyqa.py` (representative): ```python +config = get_client_config() + pot = ProofOfThought( - llm_client=client, - backend="smt2", - z3_path="/usr/local/bin/z3" + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend=BACKEND, # Modified by experiments_pipeline.py + max_attempts=3, + cache_dir=f"output/{BACKEND}_programs_strategyqa", ) -``` -### Override max attempts per query - -```python -# Default max_attempts=3 -pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client) +evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( + proof_of_thought=pot, + output_dir=f"output/{BACKEND}_evaluation_strategyqa", + num_workers=10, # ThreadPoolExecutor for parallel processing +) -# Override for specific query -result = pot.query( - "Complex question...", - max_attempts=10 +result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset="data/strategyQA_train.json", + id_field="qid", + max_samples=100, + skip_existing=True, # Resume interrupted runs ) ``` ## Dataset Format -Evaluation expects JSON with question/answer fields: +JSON array of objects: ```json [ @@ -236,67 +166,34 @@ Evaluation expects JSON with question/answer fields: ] ``` -Custom field names: - -```python -result = evaluator.evaluate( - dataset="custom_dataset.json", - question_field="query", - answer_field="label", - max_samples=100 -) +Optional ID field: +```json +{"qid": "sample_123", "question": "...", "answer": true} ``` -## Testing Strategy +Custom field names via `question_field`, `answer_field`, `id_field` parameters. -Want to test on a specific dataset? See `examples/test_strategyqa.py`: +## Saving Programs ```python -from utils.azure_config import get_client_config -from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought, EvaluationPipeline - -config = get_client_config() - -# JSON backend -pot_json = ProofOfThought( - llm_client=config["llm_client"], - model=config["model"], - backend="json" -) - -evaluator = EvaluationPipeline(proof_of_thought=pot_json) -result = evaluator.evaluate( - dataset="data/strategyQA_train.json", - max_samples=100 +result = pot.query( + "Can fish breathe underwater?", + save_program=True, + program_path="output/my_program.smt2" ) - -print(f"StrategyQA JSON Backend Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") -``` - -## Troubleshooting - -**Examples fail with import errors?** - -Make sure you're running from the project root, not from `examples/`: - -```bash -# Wrong -cd examples -python simple_usage.py # ❌ Import error - -# Right -cd /path/to/proofofthought -python examples/simple_usage.py # ✓ Works ``` -**Azure config not found?** +Default path: `{cache_dir}/{auto_generated}{ext}` -Check your `.env` file has all required Azure variables. See [Installation](installation.md). - -**Z3 not found?** - -Either install Z3 CLI or use JSON backend: +## Advanced Configuration ```python -pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client, backend="json") +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + model="gpt-5", + backend="smt2", + max_attempts=5, # More retries + verify_timeout=20000, # 20s timeout + z3_path="/custom/z3" # Custom Z3 binary +) ``` diff --git a/docs/index.md b/docs/index.md index 241f763..34dfc24 100644 --- a/docs/index.md +++ b/docs/index.md @@ -1,12 +1,42 @@ # ProofOfThought -LLM-based reasoning using Z3 theorem proving. +LLM-guided translation of natural language to formal logic, verified via Z3 theorem prover. -## What is this? +## Architecture -ProofOfThought combines large language models with Z3 theorem proving to solve logical reasoning tasks. Instead of asking an LLM to "think" about a problem, we ask it to write formal logic programs that Z3 can verify. +``` +Question (NL) + ↓ +LLM Translation (few-shot prompting) + ↓ +Formal Program (SMT-LIB 2.0 or JSON DSL) + ↓ +Z3 Execution + ↓ +SAT/UNSAT → Boolean Answer +``` + +### Components + +**Z3ProgramGenerator** (`z3adapter.reasoning.program_generator`) +LLM interface for program generation. Extracts formal programs from markdown code blocks using regex. Supports error feedback via multi-turn conversations. + +**Backend** (`z3adapter.backends.abstract`) +Abstract interface: `execute(program_path) → VerificationResult`. Concrete implementations: -Think of it as giving your LLM a calculator for logic. +- **SMT2Backend**: Subprocess call to Z3 CLI. Parses stdout/stderr for `sat`/`unsat` via regex `(?=3.12"`). -## Install Python dependencies +### Core ```bash pip install -r requirements.txt ``` -This installs: -- `z3-solver` - Z3 Python bindings -- `openai` - LLM client -- `scikit-learn`, `numpy` - For evaluation metrics -- `python-dotenv` - Environment variable management +Installs: -## Install Z3 CLI (for SMT2 backend) +- `z3-solver>=4.15.0` - Z3 Python API (JSONBackend) + CLI binary (SMT2Backend) +- `openai>=2.0.0` - LLM client (supports Azure OpenAI via same interface) +- `scikit-learn>=1.7.0` - Evaluation metrics (`confusion_matrix`, `accuracy_score`, etc.) +- `numpy>=2.3.0` - Numerical operations +- `python-dotenv>=1.1.0` - Environment variable management -The SMT2 backend needs the Z3 command-line tool. +### Development (Optional) -### macOS ```bash -brew install z3 +pip install -e ".[dev]" ``` -### Ubuntu/Debian -```bash -sudo apt-get install z3 -``` +Additional tools: + +- `black>=25.9.0` - Code formatter +- `ruff>=0.13.0` - Linter +- `mypy>=1.18.0` - Type checker +- `pytest>=8.0.0` - Test runner +- `pre-commit>=4.3.0` - Git hooks + +## Z3 Verification + +### JSON Backend + +No additional setup. `z3-solver` package includes Python API. + +### SMT2 Backend + +Requires Z3 CLI in PATH: -### From source ```bash -git clone https://github.com/Z3Prover/z3.git -cd z3 -python scripts/mk_make.py -cd build -make -sudo make install +z3 --version ``` -### Verify installation +If missing, `z3-solver` package includes CLI in `site-packages`. Locate via: + ```bash -z3 --version +python -c "import z3; print(z3.__file__)" +# CLI typically at: .../site-packages/z3/bin/z3 ``` -**Note:** The JSON backend doesn't need the CLI—it uses Z3's Python API. +macOS/Linux: Add to PATH or specify in code: +```python +ProofOfThought(..., z3_path="/path/to/z3") +``` -## Set up API keys +## API Keys ### OpenAI -Create a `.env` file in the project root: - +`.env`: ```bash OPENAI_API_KEY=sk-... ``` ### Azure OpenAI -For Azure GPT-4o or GPT-5, add these to `.env`: - +`.env`: ```bash AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY=... AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT=https://....openai.azure.com/ @@ -71,59 +78,72 @@ AZURE_GPT5_DEPLOYMENT_NAME=gpt-5 AZURE_GPT4O_DEPLOYMENT_NAME=gpt-4o ``` -See `examples/azure_simple_example.py` for Azure usage. +Usage: +```python +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config -## Verify setup +config = get_client_config() # Returns {"llm_client": AzureOpenAI(...), "model": str} +pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=config["llm_client"], model=config["model"]) +``` -Run a quick test: +## Verification ```bash python examples/simple_usage.py ``` -You should see output like: - +Expected output structure: ``` Question: Would Nancy Pelosi publicly denounce abortion? Answer: False Success: True +Attempts: 1 ``` -## Development setup +## Troubleshooting -For contributors: +**Z3 CLI not found (SMT2 backend)** -```bash -pip install -e ".[dev]" -pre-commit install +Error: +``` +FileNotFoundError: Z3 executable not found: 'z3' ``` -This installs development tools: -- `black` - Code formatter -- `ruff` - Linter -- `mypy` - Type checker -- `pytest` - Test runner -- `pre-commit` - Git hooks +Solutions: +1. Use JSON backend: `ProofOfThought(backend="json")` +2. Specify Z3 path: `ProofOfThought(z3_path="/path/to/z3")` +3. Add to PATH: `export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/z3/bin` -## Troubleshooting +**Import errors when running examples** -**Z3 not found?** +Wrong: +```bash +cd examples +python simple_usage.py # ❌ ModuleNotFoundError +``` -If you get `z3: command not found`, either: -1. Install the Z3 CLI (see above) -2. Use the JSON backend instead: `ProofOfThought(backend="json")` +Correct: +```bash +cd /path/to/proofofthought +python examples/simple_usage.py # ✓ +``` -**API key errors?** +Reason: `examples/*.py` use `sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent))` to find `z3adapter` and `utils` modules from project root. -Make sure your `.env` file is in the project root and contains valid keys. +**Azure authentication errors** -**Import errors?** +Verify `.env` variables are set and endpoint URL is correct. Test via: +```python +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +config = get_client_config() # Should not raise +``` -Run examples from the project root: +## Version Constraints -```bash -cd /path/to/proofofthought -python examples/simple_usage.py -``` +From `pyproject.toml` and `requirements.txt`: -Not from the `examples/` directory. +- Python: `>=3.12` +- Z3: `>=4.15.0` (tested with `4.15.3.0`) +- OpenAI: `>=2.0.0` (tested with `2.0.1`) +- scikit-learn: `>=1.7.0` (tested with `1.7.2`) +- NumPy: `>=2.3.0` (tested with `2.3.3`) diff --git a/mkdocs.yml b/mkdocs.yml index df40a28..7d69de8 100644 --- a/mkdocs.yml +++ b/mkdocs.yml @@ -8,36 +8,17 @@ repo_url: https://github.com/debarghaG/proofofthought edit_uri: edit/main/docs/ theme: - name: material - palette: - # Light mode - - scheme: default - primary: indigo - accent: indigo - toggle: - icon: material/brightness-7 - name: Switch to dark mode - # Dark mode - - scheme: slate - primary: indigo - accent: indigo - toggle: - icon: material/brightness-4 - name: Switch to light mode - features: - - navigation.instant - - navigation.tracking - - navigation.tabs - - navigation.sections - - navigation.top - - search.suggest - - search.highlight - - content.code.copy - - content.code.annotate + name: readthedocs + highlightjs: true + hljs_languages: + - python + - json + - bash nav: - Home: index.md - Installation: installation.md + - DSL Specification: dsl-specification.md - API Reference: api-reference.md - Backends: backends.md - Examples: examples.md @@ -49,17 +30,6 @@ markdown_extensions: guess_lang: false - toc: permalink: true - - pymdownx.highlight: - anchor_linenums: true - - pymdownx.inlinehilite - - pymdownx.snippets - - pymdownx.superfences - - pymdownx.tabbed: - alternate_style: true - - pymdownx.details - - pymdownx.emoji: - emoji_index: !!python/name:material.extensions.emoji.twemoji - emoji_generator: !!python/name:material.extensions.emoji.to_svg - tables plugins: @@ -69,7 +39,5 @@ extra: social: - icon: fontawesome/brands/github link: https://github.com/debarghaG/proofofthought - - icon: fontawesome/brands/python - link: https://pypi.org/project/proofofthought/ copyright: Copyright © 2025 Debargha Ganguly From c67c258b6937fc83b9af8ddd176fdfa4fd56fbfe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DebarghaG Date: Thu, 16 Oct 2025 21:49:35 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 09/11] Documentation changes --- docs/api-reference.md | 51 ++++++++---- docs/backends.md | 102 ++++++++++++++--------- docs/benchmarks.md | 110 ++++++++++++++++--------- docs/dsl-specification.md | 168 ++++++++++++++++++++++++-------------- docs/examples.md | 58 +++++++++---- docs/foreword.md | 31 +++++++ docs/index.md | 72 +++++++++------- docs/installation.md | 97 ++++++++++++---------- mkdocs.yml | 1 + 9 files changed, 449 insertions(+), 241 deletions(-) create mode 100644 docs/foreword.md diff --git a/docs/api-reference.md b/docs/api-reference.md index 9d2f5a2..670f98b 100644 --- a/docs/api-reference.md +++ b/docs/api-reference.md @@ -1,8 +1,12 @@ # API Reference +This reference documents the public API for ProofOfThought. + ## ProofOfThought -`z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought.ProofOfThought` +The main entry point for the reasoning system. + +**Location:** `z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought.ProofOfThought` ### Constructor @@ -54,7 +58,9 @@ def query( **Returns:** `QueryResult` -**Implementation:** Retry loop with error feedback +**Implementation details:** + +The method implements a retry loop with error feedback: ```python for attempt in range(1, max_attempts + 1): @@ -69,6 +75,8 @@ for attempt in range(1, max_attempts + 1): ## QueryResult +Contains the results of a reasoning query. + ```python @dataclass class QueryResult: @@ -85,7 +93,9 @@ class QueryResult: ## EvaluationPipeline -`z3adapter.reasoning.evaluation.EvaluationPipeline` +Facilitates batch evaluation of reasoning questions on datasets. + +**Location:** `z3adapter.reasoning.evaluation.EvaluationPipeline` ### Constructor @@ -129,10 +139,14 @@ def evaluate( **Returns:** `EvaluationResult` -**Caching:** Saves `{sample_id}_result.json` and `{sample_id}_program{ext}` to `output_dir` +**Caching behavior:** + +Results are cached by saving `{sample_id}_result.json` and `{sample_id}_program{ext}` files to `output_dir`. ## EvaluationMetrics +Provides comprehensive metrics for evaluation results. + ```python @dataclass class EvaluationMetrics: @@ -153,13 +167,15 @@ class EvaluationMetrics: failed_answers: int # success == False ``` -Computed via `sklearn.metrics.confusion_matrix` for binary classification. +Metrics are computed using `sklearn.metrics.confusion_matrix` for binary classification. ## Backend -`z3adapter.backends.abstract.Backend` +Defines the abstract interface for execution backends. + +**Location:** `z3adapter.backends.abstract.Backend` -Abstract interface: +### Interface Methods ```python class Backend(ABC): @@ -184,10 +200,12 @@ class Backend(ABC): return None ``` -Implementations: `SMT2Backend`, `JSONBackend` +Concrete implementations are provided by `SMT2Backend` and `JSONBackend`. ## VerificationResult +Encapsulates the results of Z3 verification execution. + ```python @dataclass class VerificationResult: @@ -201,7 +219,9 @@ class VerificationResult: ## Z3ProgramGenerator -`z3adapter.reasoning.program_generator.Z3ProgramGenerator` +Handles LLM-based program generation with error recovery. + +**Location:** `z3adapter.reasoning.program_generator.Z3ProgramGenerator` ### generate() @@ -224,11 +244,11 @@ response = self.llm_client.chat.completions.create( ) ``` -Note: `temperature` parameter not passed (GPT-5 constraint). +Note that the `temperature` parameter is not passed to the API due to GPT-5 constraints. ### generate_with_feedback() -Multi-turn conversation with error feedback: +Enables multi-turn conversation with error feedback: ```python messages=[ @@ -240,9 +260,11 @@ messages=[ ## Utility: Azure Config -`utils.azure_config.get_client_config()` +Provides convenient configuration for Azure OpenAI deployments. + +**Location:** `utils.azure_config.get_client_config()` -Returns: +**Returns:** ```python { "llm_client": AzureOpenAI(...), @@ -250,7 +272,8 @@ Returns: } ``` -Required environment variables: +**Required environment variables:** + - `AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY` - `AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT` - `AZURE_OPENAI_API_VERSION` diff --git a/docs/backends.md b/docs/backends.md index 3e5a584..21f95af 100644 --- a/docs/backends.md +++ b/docs/backends.md @@ -1,9 +1,11 @@ # Backends -Two execution backends for Z3: SMT-LIB 2.0 (standard) and JSON DSL (custom). +ProofOfThought supports two execution backends for Z3: the standard SMT-LIB 2.0 format and a custom JSON DSL. ## SMT2Backend +The SMT2 backend leverages Z3's standard command-line interface. + **Implementation:** `z3adapter/backends/smt2_backend.py` ### Execution @@ -12,9 +14,11 @@ Two execution backends for Z3: SMT-LIB 2.0 (standard) and JSON DSL (custom). subprocess.run([z3_path, f"-T:{timeout_seconds}", program_path]) ``` -- Z3 CLI subprocess with timeout flag -- Hard timeout: `timeout_seconds + 10` -- Output captured from stdout + stderr +The execution process involves: + +- Running Z3 as a CLI subprocess with a timeout flag +- Applying a hard timeout of `timeout_seconds + 10` to prevent hanging +- Capturing output from both stdout and stderr ### Result Parsing @@ -23,16 +27,19 @@ sat_pattern = r"(? 0, unsat_count == 0` → `True` - `unsat_count > 0, sat_count == 0` → `False` - Otherwise → `None` ### Prompt Template -Source: `z3adapter/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py` +The prompt template guides LLM program generation. + +**Source:** `z3adapter/reasoning/smt2_prompt_template.py` -Instructions for generating SMT-LIB 2.0 programs. Key requirements: +The template provides instructions for generating SMT-LIB 2.0 programs with these key requirements: - All commands as S-expressions: `(command args...)` - Declare sorts before use - Single `(check-sat)` per program @@ -42,7 +49,9 @@ Instructions for generating SMT-LIB 2.0 programs. Key requirements: `.smt2` -##JSON Backend +## JSON Backend + +The JSON backend uses Z3's Python API for direct programmatic access. **Implementation:** `z3adapter/backends/json_backend.py` @@ -56,23 +65,25 @@ sat_count, unsat_count = interpreter.get_verification_counts() ### Z3JSONInterpreter Pipeline +The interpreter processes JSON programs through three main stages: + **Step 1: SortManager** (`z3adapter/dsl/sorts.py`) -Topologically sorts type definitions to handle dependencies. Creates Z3 sorts: +First, the system topologically sorts type definitions to handle dependencies, then creates Z3 sorts: - Built-in: `BoolSort()`, `IntSort()`, `RealSort()` (pre-defined) - Custom: `DeclareSort(name)`, `EnumSort(name, values)`, `BitVecSort(n)`, `ArraySort(domain, range)` -Example ArraySort dependency: +For example, an ArraySort creates dependencies: ```json {"name": "IntArray", "type": "ArraySort(IntSort, IntSort)"} ``` -Requires `IntSort` already defined (built-in) before creating `IntArray`. +This requires `IntSort` to be defined first (fortunately, it's built-in) before creating `IntArray`. **Step 2: ExpressionParser** (`z3adapter/dsl/expressions.py`) -Parses logical expressions from strings via restricted `eval()`: +Next, the parser evaluates logical expressions from strings using a restricted `eval()`: ```python safe_globals = {**Z3_OPERATORS, **functions} @@ -80,7 +91,7 @@ context = {**functions, **constants, **variables, **quantified_vars} ExpressionValidator.safe_eval(expr_str, safe_globals, context) ``` -Whitelisted operators: +Only whitelisted operators are permitted: ```python Z3_OPERATORS = { "And", "Or", "Not", "Implies", "If", "Distinct", @@ -90,7 +101,7 @@ Z3_OPERATORS = { **Step 3: Verifier** (`z3adapter/verification/verifier.py`) -For each verification condition: +Finally, the verifier tests each verification condition: ```python result = solver.check(condition) # Adds condition as hypothesis to KB if result == sat: @@ -100,15 +111,18 @@ elif result == unsat: ``` **Verification Semantics:** -- `solver.check(φ)` asks: "Is KB ∧ φ satisfiable?" -- SAT: φ is consistent with KB (possible) -- UNSAT: φ contradicts KB (impossible) +When calling `solver.check(φ)`, the system asks: "Is KB ∧ φ satisfiable?" + +- **SAT**: φ is consistent with the knowledge base (possible scenario) +- **UNSAT**: φ contradicts the knowledge base (impossible scenario) ### Prompt Template -Source: `z3adapter/reasoning/prompt_template.py` +The JSON prompt template is more comprehensive than its SMT2 counterpart. -Comprehensive 546-line specification of JSON DSL. Key sections: +**Source:** `z3adapter/reasoning/prompt_template.py` + +This 546-line specification of the JSON DSL includes these key sections: **Sorts:** ```json @@ -137,25 +151,25 @@ Free variables for quantifier binding: ``` **Verifications:** -Three types: +The DSL supports three types of verifications: -1. Simple constraint: +1. **Simple constraint:** ```json {"name": "test", "constraint": "supports_abortion(nancy)"} ``` -2. Existential: +2. **Existential:** ```json {"name": "test", "exists": [{"name": "x", "sort": "Int"}], "constraint": "x > 0"} ``` -3. Universal: +3. **Universal:** ```json {"name": "test", "forall": [{"name": "x", "sort": "Int"}], "implies": {"antecedent": "x > 0", "consequent": "x >= 1"}} ``` -**Critical constraint:** Single verification per question (avoid ambiguous results from testing both φ and ¬φ). +**Critical constraint:** The prompt enforces a single verification per question to avoid ambiguous results from testing both φ and ¬φ. ### File Extension @@ -163,7 +177,9 @@ Three types: ## Benchmark Performance -Results from `experiments_pipeline.py` (100 samples per dataset, GPT-5, `max_attempts=3`): +Performance comparison across datasets reveals notable differences between the backends. + +**Results from** `experiments_pipeline.py` (100 samples per dataset, GPT-5, `max_attempts=3`): | Dataset | SMT2 Accuracy | JSON Accuracy | SMT2 Success | JSON Success | |---------|---------------|---------------|--------------|--------------| @@ -173,20 +189,22 @@ Results from `experiments_pipeline.py` (100 samples per dataset, GPT-5, `max_att | ConditionalQA | 83% | 76% | 100% | 89% | | StrategyQA | 84% | 68% | 100% | 86% | -**Success Rate** = percentage of queries completing without error (generation + execution). +**Success Rate** represents the percentage of queries that complete without error (including both generation and execution). -SMT2 higher accuracy on 4/5 datasets. JSON higher success rate variance (86-100% vs 99-100%). +Overall, SMT2 achieves higher accuracy on 4 out of 5 datasets, while JSON shows greater success rate variance (86-100% compared to SMT2's 99-100%). ## Implementation Differences +The backends differ in several implementation details. + ### Program Generation -**SMT2:** Extract from markdown via: +**SMT2:** Extracts programs from markdown via: ```python pattern = r"```smt2\s*([\s\S]*?)\s*```" ``` -**JSON:** Extract and parse via: +**JSON:** Extracts and parses via: ```python pattern = r"```json\s*(\{[\s\S]*?\})\s*```" json.loads(match.group(1)) @@ -194,6 +212,8 @@ json.loads(match.group(1)) ### Error Handling +Error handling varies significantly between backends. + **SMT2:** - Subprocess timeout → `TimeoutExpired` - Parse errors → regex mismatch → `answer=None` @@ -207,18 +227,22 @@ json.loads(match.group(1)) ### Timeout Configuration +Timeout handling differs between the two backends. + **SMT2:** -- Single timeout parameter: `verify_timeout` (ms) -- Converted to seconds for Z3 CLI: `verify_timeout // 1000` -- Hard subprocess timeout: `timeout_seconds + 10` +- Uses a single timeout parameter: `verify_timeout` (ms) +- Converts to seconds for Z3 CLI: `verify_timeout // 1000` +- Applies a hard subprocess timeout: `timeout_seconds + 10` **JSON:** -- Two timeouts: `verify_timeout` (ms), `optimize_timeout` (ms) -- Set via `solver.set("timeout", verify_timeout)` in Verifier -- Applies per `solver.check()` call +- Uses two separate timeouts: `verify_timeout` (ms) and `optimize_timeout` (ms) +- Sets timeout via `solver.set("timeout", verify_timeout)` in Verifier +- Timeout applies per individual `solver.check()` call ## Backend Selection Code +The system selects backends at runtime based on configuration: + ```python if backend == "json": from z3adapter.backends.json_backend import JSONBackend @@ -228,10 +252,12 @@ else: # smt2 backend_instance = SMT2Backend(verify_timeout, z3_path) ``` -File: `z3adapter/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py:78-90` +**File:** `z3adapter/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py:78-90` ## Prompt Selection +The appropriate prompt template is chosen based on the selected backend: + ```python if self.backend == "json": prompt = build_prompt(question) @@ -239,6 +265,6 @@ else: # smt2 prompt = build_smt2_prompt(question) ``` -File: `z3adapter/reasoning/program_generator.py:78-81` +**File:** `z3adapter/reasoning/program_generator.py:78-81` -Prompts include few-shot examples and format specifications. SMT2 prompt emphasizes S-expression syntax. JSON prompt details variable scoping and quantifier semantics. +Both prompts include few-shot examples and format specifications. The SMT2 prompt emphasizes S-expression syntax, while the JSON prompt provides detailed guidance on variable scoping and quantifier semantics. diff --git a/docs/benchmarks.md b/docs/benchmarks.md index 1d6d4f9..5885de6 100644 --- a/docs/benchmarks.md +++ b/docs/benchmarks.md @@ -1,27 +1,33 @@ # Benchmarks -Evaluation on 5 logical reasoning datasets using Azure GPT-5. +This page presents evaluation results on 5 logical reasoning datasets using Azure GPT-5. ## Methodology +The evaluation follows a consistent methodology across all datasets. + **Model:** Azure GPT-5 deployment + **Configuration:** - `max_attempts=3` (retry with error feedback) - `verify_timeout=10000ms` - `optimize_timeout=100000ms` (JSON backend only) - `num_workers=10` (ThreadPoolExecutor for parallel processing) -**Metrics:** `sklearn.metrics` -- Accuracy: `accuracy_score(y_true, y_pred)` -- Precision: `precision_score(y_true, y_pred, zero_division=0)` -- Recall: `recall_score(y_true, y_pred, zero_division=0)` -- F1: `2 * (precision * recall) / (precision + recall)` -- Success Rate: `(total - failed) / total` +**Metrics** (computed via `sklearn.metrics`): + +- **Accuracy:** `accuracy_score(y_true, y_pred)` +- **Precision:** `precision_score(y_true, y_pred, zero_division=0)` +- **Recall:** `recall_score(y_true, y_pred, zero_division=0)` +- **F1:** `2 * (precision * recall) / (precision + recall)` +- **Success Rate:** `(total - failed) / total` -**Execution:** `experiments_pipeline.py` runs all benchmarks sequentially, modifying `BACKEND` variable in each `benchmark/bench_*.py` script via regex substitution. +**Execution:** The `experiments_pipeline.py` script runs all benchmarks sequentially, modifying the `BACKEND` variable in each `benchmark/bench_*.py` script via regex substitution. ## Results +Results from the most recent benchmark run. + **Last Updated:** 2025-10-16 18:14:07 | Benchmark | Backend | Samples | Accuracy | Precision | Recall | F1 Score | Success Rate | @@ -39,9 +45,11 @@ Evaluation on 5 logical reasoning datasets using Azure GPT-5. ## Dataset Characteristics +Each dataset tests different aspects of logical reasoning. + ### ProntoQA -Synthetic first-order logic with deterministic inference. +ProntoQA features synthetic first-order logic problems with deterministic inference. **Example:** ``` @@ -51,26 +59,28 @@ Answer: True ``` **Performance:** + - SMT2: 100% (100/100) - JSON: 99% (99/100) -Both backends near-perfect. Simplest dataset. +Both backends achieve near-perfect results, making this the simplest dataset in the benchmark suite. ### FOLIO -First-order logic from Wikipedia articles. +FOLIO presents first-order logic problems derived from Wikipedia articles. -**Characteristics:** Complex nested quantifiers, longer inference chains. +**Characteristics:** Features complex nested quantifiers and longer inference chains. **Performance:** + - SMT2: 69% (69/100) - JSON: 76% (76/100) -JSON outperforms SMT2 (+7%). Most challenging dataset. Lower success rate for JSON (94% vs 99%) indicates generation difficulties. +JSON outperforms SMT2 by 7% on this dataset, which is the most challenging in the suite. However, JSON's lower success rate (94% vs 99%) indicates greater difficulty in program generation. ### ProofWriter -Deductive reasoning over explicit facts and rules. +ProofWriter tests deductive reasoning over explicit facts and rules. **Example:** ``` @@ -80,24 +90,26 @@ Answer: True ``` **Performance:** + - SMT2: 98.96% (95/96) - JSON: 95.83% (92/96) -High accuracy for both. SMT2 slight edge (+3%). +Both backends achieve high accuracy on this dataset, with SMT2 holding a slight 3% edge. ### ConditionalQA -Conditional reasoning with if-then statements. +ConditionalQA focuses on conditional reasoning with if-then statements. **Performance:** + - SMT2: 83% (83/100) - JSON: 76% (76/100) -SMT2 better accuracy (+7%) and higher success rate (100% vs 89%). +SMT2 demonstrates better accuracy (+7%) and also achieves a higher success rate (100% vs 89%). ### StrategyQA -Multi-hop reasoning requiring implicit world knowledge. +StrategyQA tests multi-hop reasoning that requires implicit world knowledge. **Example:** ``` @@ -106,36 +118,45 @@ Answer: True (requires knowing: vegetarians avoid meat, plant burgers have no me ``` **Performance:** + - SMT2: 84% (84/100) - JSON: 68% (68/100) -Largest gap (+16% for SMT2). Both achieve 100%/86% success rates respectively. +This dataset shows the largest performance gap, with SMT2 leading by 16%. Both backends achieve good success rates of 100% and 86% respectively. ## Analysis ### Accuracy Summary -**SMT2:** 86.8% average across datasets -**JSON:** 82.8% average across datasets +Aggregating results across all datasets: + +- **SMT2:** 86.8% average accuracy +- **JSON:** 82.8% average accuracy -SMT2 superior on 4/5 datasets (FOLIO exception where JSON +7%). +SMT2 proves superior on 4 out of 5 datasets, with FOLIO being the exception where JSON leads by 7%. ### Success Rate Summary -**SMT2:** 99.4% average (range: 98.96-100%) -**JSON:** 92.8% average (range: 86-100%) +The success rate measures program generation and execution reliability: + +- **SMT2:** 99.4% average (range: 98.96-100%) +- **JSON:** 92.8% average (range: 86-100%) -SMT2 more reliable program generation and execution. JSON success rate variance higher, indicating LLM generation issues on some datasets. +SMT2 demonstrates more reliable program generation and execution overall. JSON's higher success rate variance indicates LLM generation challenges on certain datasets. ### Failure Modes +Understanding failure modes helps identify areas for improvement. + **SMT2 failures:** -- JSON extraction from markdown: regex mismatch + +- Program extraction from markdown: regex mismatch - Z3 subprocess timeout (rare with 10s limit) - Invalid SMT-LIB syntax (caught by Z3 parser) **JSON failures:** -- JSON parsing errors post-extraction + +- JSON parsing errors after extraction - Invalid sort references (e.g., undefined `Person` sort) - Expression evaluation errors in `ExpressionParser.parse_expression()` - Z3 Python API exceptions @@ -144,25 +165,32 @@ SMT2 more reliable program generation and execution. JSON success rate variance ### Full benchmark suite +To run the complete benchmark suite: + ```bash python experiments_pipeline.py ``` -Generates: -- `results/benchmark_results.json` - Raw metrics -- `results/benchmark_results.md` - Markdown table +This generates: + +- `results/benchmark_results.json` - Raw metrics data +- `results/benchmark_results.md` - Formatted markdown table - Updates `README.md` between `` markers ### Single benchmark +To run just one benchmark: + ```bash python benchmark/bench_strategyqa.py ``` -Modify `BACKEND` variable in script (`smt2` or `json`). +You'll need to modify the `BACKEND` variable in the script to either `smt2` or `json`. ### Custom evaluation +For custom evaluation on your own dataset: + ```python from utils.azure_config import get_client_config from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought, EvaluationPipeline @@ -184,23 +212,29 @@ print(f"F1: {result.metrics.f1_score:.4f}") ## Dataset Sources +The benchmark datasets are located in the `data/` directory: + - **ProntoQA:** `data/prontoqa_test.json` - **FOLIO:** `data/folio_test.json` - **ProofWriter:** `data/proof_writer_test.json` - **ConditionalQA:** `data/conditionalQA_test.json` - **StrategyQA:** `data/strategyQA_train.json` -Format: JSON arrays with `question` and `answer` fields (boolean). +All datasets follow the same format: JSON arrays with `question` and `answer` fields (boolean values). ## Implementation Notes -**Parallel Processing:** -Benchmark scripts use `num_workers=10` with `ThreadPoolExecutor` (not `ProcessPoolExecutor` due to ProofOfThought unpicklability). +### Parallel Processing + +Benchmark scripts use `num_workers=10` with `ThreadPoolExecutor` for parallel processing. Note that `ProcessPoolExecutor` cannot be used due to ProofOfThought being unpicklable. + +### Caching + +Setting `skip_existing=True` enables resumption of interrupted runs. Results are cached as: -**Caching:** -`skip_existing=True` enables resumption. Results cached as: - `output/{backend}_evaluation_{dataset}/{sample_id}_result.json` - `output/{backend}_programs_{dataset}/{sample_id}_program.{ext}` -**Timeout Handling:** -`experiments_pipeline.py` sets 1-hour subprocess timeout per benchmark. Individual Z3 calls timeout at 10s (verify) or 100s (optimize). +### Timeout Handling + +The `experiments_pipeline.py` script sets a 1-hour subprocess timeout for each benchmark. Individual Z3 verification calls timeout at 10 seconds, while optimization calls timeout at 100 seconds. diff --git a/docs/dsl-specification.md b/docs/dsl-specification.md index 596a765..3ec6ef0 100644 --- a/docs/dsl-specification.md +++ b/docs/dsl-specification.md @@ -1,18 +1,22 @@ # DSL Specification -Technical details of the JSON DSL implementation. +This page provides technical details of the JSON DSL implementation. ## Rules vs Verifications -**Critical distinction:** Rules modify the solver state. Verifications query the solver state. +Understanding the distinction between rules and verifications is critical to using the DSL correctly. + +**Key difference:** Rules modify the solver state, while verifications query it. ### Rules +Rules define axioms that permanently affect the solver's knowledge base. + **Implementation:** `z3adapter/dsl/expressions.py:159-204` **Operation:** `solver.add(assertion)` -Rules are **permanently asserted** into the solver's knowledge base during step 6 of interpretation. +Rules are permanently asserted into the solver's knowledge base during step 6 of the interpretation pipeline. ```python # Line 189: Implication rule @@ -36,15 +40,17 @@ else: } ``` -**Effect:** Defines axioms. Every subsequent verification will inherit this constraint. +**Effect:** This defines an axiom that every subsequent verification will inherit. ### Verifications +Verifications test conditions without modifying the knowledge base. + **Implementation:** `z3adapter/verification/verifier.py:84-127` **Operation:** `solver.check(condition)` -Verifications **test conditions** against the existing knowledge base without modifying it. +Verifications test conditions against the existing knowledge base without modifying it. ```python # Line 113 @@ -56,10 +62,10 @@ elif result == unsat: self.unsat_count += 1 ``` -**Semantics:** Checks if `KB ∧ condition` is satisfiable. +**Semantics:** The check determines if `KB ∧ condition` is satisfiable. -- **SAT**: condition is consistent with KB -- **UNSAT**: condition contradicts KB +- **SAT**: The condition is consistent with the knowledge base +- **UNSAT**: The condition contradicts the knowledge base **Structure:** ```json @@ -69,10 +75,12 @@ elif result == unsat: } ``` -**Effect:** Returns SAT/UNSAT but does NOT add to KB. +**Effect:** Returns SAT/UNSAT result but does NOT add the condition to the knowledge base. ### Example +Here's a complete example showing the interaction between rules and verifications: + ```json { "rules": [ @@ -95,34 +103,37 @@ elif result == unsat: ## Variable Scoping +The DSL supports both free and quantified variables with careful scoping rules. + **Implementation:** `z3adapter/dsl/expressions.py:69-107` ### Free Variables -Declared in global `"variables"` section. Available throughout program. +Free variables are declared in the global `"variables"` section and remain available throughout the program. ```json "variables": [{"name": "x", "sort": "Int"}] ``` -Added to evaluation context (line 91): +These are added to the evaluation context at line 91: + ```python context.update(self.variables) ``` ### Quantified Variables -Bound by `ForAll` or `Exists` quantifiers. Temporarily shadow free variables within quantified scope. +Quantified variables are bound by `ForAll` or `Exists` operators and temporarily shadow free variables within their scope. ```json "knowledge_base": ["ForAll([x], x > 0)"] ``` -Here `x` must exist in context (from `"variables"`) to be bound by `ForAll`. +In this example, `x` must already exist in the context (from `"variables"`) to be bound by the `ForAll` operator. ### Shadowing -Code checks for shadowing (lines 100-106): +The implementation includes shadowing checks at lines 100-106: ```python for v in quantified_vars: var_name = v.decl().name() @@ -131,10 +142,12 @@ for v in quantified_vars: context[var_name] = v ``` -Variables bound by quantifiers override free variables in local scope. +When shadowing occurs, variables bound by quantifiers take precedence over free variables within their local scope. ## Answer Determination +The system determines the final answer based on verification counts. + **Implementation:** `z3adapter/backends/abstract.py:52-67` ```python @@ -147,11 +160,12 @@ def determine_answer(self, sat_count: int, unsat_count: int) -> bool | None: return None # Ambiguous ``` -**Ambiguous results** (`None`) occur when: -- `sat_count > 0 and unsat_count > 0` — multiple verifications with conflicting results -- `sat_count == 0 and unsat_count == 0` — no verifications or all unknown +**Ambiguous results** (returning `None`) occur in two cases: + +- `sat_count > 0 and unsat_count > 0` — multiple verifications produced conflicting results +- `sat_count == 0 and unsat_count == 0` — no verifications ran or all returned unknown -**Handling:** `proof_of_thought.py:183-191` treats `None` as error and retries with feedback: +**Handling:** The system treats `None` as an error and retries with feedback (see `proof_of_thought.py:183-191`): ```python if verify_result.answer is None: error_trace = ( @@ -161,17 +175,19 @@ if verify_result.answer is None: continue # Retry with error feedback ``` -**Best practice:** Single verification per program (enforced by prompt template line 416). +**Best practice:** Use a single verification per program to avoid ambiguous results. This is enforced by the prompt template at line 416. ## Security Model +The DSL includes multiple security layers to prevent code injection attacks. + **Implementation:** `z3adapter/security/validator.py` ### AST Validation -Before `eval()`, parses to AST and checks for dangerous constructs (lines 21-42): +Before executing `eval()`, the system parses expressions to an AST and checks for dangerous constructs (lines 21-42). -**Blocked:** +**Blocked constructs:** - Dunder attributes: `__import__`, `__class__`, etc. (line 24) - Imports: `import`, `from ... import` (line 29) - Function/class definitions (line 32) @@ -179,16 +195,20 @@ Before `eval()`, parses to AST and checks for dangerous constructs (lines 21-42) ### Restricted Evaluation +The evaluation environment is carefully sandboxed: + ```python # Line 66 eval(code, {"__builtins__": {}}, {**safe_globals, **context}) ``` -- **No builtins**: `__builtins__: {}` prevents access to `open`, `print`, etc. -- **Whitelisted globals**: Only Z3 operators and user-defined functions -- **Local context**: Constants, variables, quantified vars +Three layers of protection: -**Whitelisted operators** (`expressions.py:33-47`): +- **No builtins**: Setting `__builtins__: {}` prevents access to `open`, `print`, and other dangerous functions +- **Whitelisted globals**: Only Z3 operators and user-defined functions are available +- **Local context**: Limited to constants, variables, and quantified variables + +**Whitelisted operators** (from `expressions.py:33-47`): ```python Z3_OPERATORS = { "And", "Or", "Not", "Implies", "If", "Distinct", @@ -198,13 +218,15 @@ Z3_OPERATORS = { ## Sort Dependency Resolution +Complex types may depend on other types, requiring careful ordering during creation. + **Implementation:** `z3adapter/dsl/sorts.py:36-97` -Uses **Kahn's algorithm** for topological sorting. +The system uses **Kahn's algorithm** for topological sorting of type definitions. ### Dependency Extraction -ArraySort creates dependencies (lines 59-62): +ArraySort declarations create dependencies that must be resolved (lines 59-62): ```python if sort_type.startswith("ArraySort("): domain_range = sort_type[len("ArraySort(") : -1] @@ -212,19 +234,22 @@ if sort_type.startswith("ArraySort("): deps.extend(parts) ``` -Example: +For example: + ```json {"name": "MyArray", "type": "ArraySort(IntSort, Person)"} ``` -Depends on: `IntSort` (built-in, skip), `Person` (must be defined first). + +This depends on: `IntSort` (built-in, can skip) and `Person` (must be defined first). ### Topological Sort -Kahn's algorithm (lines 66-87): -1. Calculate in-degree (dependency count) for each sort +Kahn's algorithm processes types in dependency order (lines 66-87): + +1. Calculate the in-degree (dependency count) for each sort 2. Process sorts with zero dependencies first -3. Reduce in-degree of dependents -4. Detect cycles if not all sorts processed (lines 90-92) +3. Reduce the in-degree of dependent sorts as their dependencies are satisfied +4. Detect cycles if not all sorts can be processed (lines 90-92) **Circular dependency detection:** ```python @@ -235,6 +260,8 @@ if len(sorted_names) != len(dependencies): ## Optimizer Independence +The optimizer operates independently from the main solver. + **Implementation:** `z3adapter/optimization/optimizer.py:29-39` ```python @@ -242,13 +269,13 @@ def __init__(self, ...): self.optimizer = Optimize() # Separate instance ``` -**Critical:** `Optimize()` is **separate from `Solver()`**. Does NOT share constraints. +**Critical detail:** The `Optimize()` instance is completely separate from the main `Solver()` and does NOT share constraints. -From docstring (line 38-39): +As stated in the docstring (line 38-39): > The optimizer is separate from the solver and doesn't share constraints. > This is intentional to allow independent optimization problems. -Optimizer has its own variables and constraints (lines 49-69). Can reference global constants via extended context (line 60-61): +The optimizer maintains its own variables and constraints (lines 49-69). However, it can reference global constants through an extended context (line 60-61): ```python base_context = self.expression_parser.build_context() opt_context = {**base_context, **optimization_vars} @@ -256,9 +283,11 @@ opt_context = {**base_context, **optimization_vars} ## Execution Pipeline +The interpreter follows a carefully ordered execution sequence. + **Implementation:** `z3adapter/interpreter.py:135-197` -8-step execution sequence: +**8-step execution sequence:** ```python # Step 1: Create sorts @@ -291,13 +320,15 @@ self.verifier.add_verifications(self.config["verifications"]) self.perform_actions() ``` -**Symbol loading:** Line 172 calls `mark_symbols_loaded()` to enable context caching (lines 78-84 in `expressions.py`). After this, `build_context()` returns cached dict instead of rebuilding. +**Symbol loading optimization:** At line 172, calling `mark_symbols_loaded()` enables context caching (see lines 78-84 in `expressions.py`). After this point, `build_context()` returns a cached dictionary instead of rebuilding it on each call. ## Retry Mechanism +The system can automatically retry failed program generation with error feedback. + **Implementation:** `z3adapter/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py:123-191` -Retry loop with error feedback: +**Retry loop with error feedback:** ```python for attempt in range(1, self.max_attempts + 1): @@ -309,7 +340,7 @@ for attempt in range(1, self.max_attempts + 1): ) ``` -**Failure modes triggering retry:** +**Failure modes that trigger retry:** 1. **Generation failure** (lines 143-149): ```python @@ -332,7 +363,7 @@ for attempt in range(1, self.max_attempts + 1): continue ``` -**Error feedback:** Multi-turn conversation (`program_generator.py:130-174`): +**Error feedback mechanism:** Uses multi-turn conversation (see `program_generator.py:130-174`): ```python messages=[ {"role": "user", "content": prompt}, @@ -343,6 +374,8 @@ messages=[ ## Solver Semantics +The solver's `check` method has two distinct modes of operation. + **Implementation:** `z3adapter/solvers/z3_solver.py:20-24` ```python @@ -352,44 +385,50 @@ def check(self, condition: Any = None) -> Any: return self.solver.check() # Check all assertions ``` -**Two modes:** +**Two modes of operation:** -1. **`solver.check()`**: Checks satisfiability of all `solver.add()` assertions -2. **`solver.check(φ)`**: Checks satisfiability of `assertions ∧ φ` **without adding φ** +1. **`solver.check()`**: Checks the satisfiability of all assertions added via `solver.add()` +2. **`solver.check(φ)`**: Checks the satisfiability of `assertions ∧ φ` **without permanently adding φ** -Verifications use mode 2 (`verifier.py:113`): +Verifications use mode 2 (see `verifier.py:113`): ```python result = solver.check(condition) ``` -This is **temporary** — `condition` is NOT added to solver permanently. +This is a **temporary** check — the `condition` is NOT permanently added to the solver. **Contrast with rules:** -- Rules: `solver.add(φ)` → permanent -- Verifications: `solver.check(φ)` → temporary test + +- **Rules**: `solver.add(φ)` → permanently modifies solver state +- **Verifications**: `solver.check(φ)` → temporary test without modification ## Built-in Sorts -**Implementation:** `z3adapter/dsl/sorts.py:31-34` +The DSL includes three pre-initialized built-in sorts. -Three built-in sorts pre-initialized: +**Implementation:** `z3adapter/dsl/sorts.py:31-34` ```python def _initialize_builtin_sorts(self) -> None: built_in_sorts = {"BoolSort": BoolSort(), "IntSort": IntSort(), "RealSort": RealSort()} self.sorts.update(built_in_sorts) ``` -**Important:** Reference as `"BoolSort"`, `"IntSort"`, `"RealSort"` in JSON (not `"Bool"`, `"Int"`, `"Real"`). +**Important:** Always reference these as `"BoolSort"`, `"IntSort"`, and `"RealSort"` in JSON (not `"Bool"`, `"Int"`, or `"Real"`). -Do NOT declare in `"sorts"` section — already available. +These sorts are already available and should NOT be declared in the `"sorts"` section. ## Prompt Template Constraints +The prompt template enforces several important constraints on DSL programs. + **Implementation:** `z3adapter/reasoning/prompt_template.py` -Key constraints enforced by prompt (extracted from code): +**Key constraints** (extracted from code): + +### Line 228: Implication Rules + +Rules with `"implies"` MUST have non-empty `"forall"` field: -**Line 228:** Rules with `"implies"` MUST have non-empty `"forall"` field ```python # expressions.py:184-186 if "implies" in rule: @@ -397,18 +436,27 @@ if "implies" in rule: raise ValueError("Implication rules require quantified variables") ``` -**Line 298:** Empty quantifier lists forbidden +### Line 298: Quantifier Lists + +Empty quantifier lists are forbidden: + ```python # verifier.py:42-43, 55-56 if not exists_vars: raise ValueError(f"Empty 'exists' list in verification") ``` -**Line 416:** Single verification per program (avoid ambiguous results) +### Line 416: Single Verification + +Use a single verification per program to avoid ambiguous results: + ```python # Directly impacts determine_answer() — mixed SAT/UNSAT returns None ``` -**Line 531:** Output format requirement -- Must wrap JSON in markdown code block: ` ```json ... ``` ` -- Regex extraction: `r"```json\s*(\{[\s\S]*?\})\s*```"` (`program_generator.py:224`) +### Line 531: Output Format + +LLM output requirements: + +- Must wrap JSON in a markdown code block: ` ```json ... ``` ` +- Extracted via regex: `r"```json\s*(\{[\s\S]*?\})\s*```"` (see `program_generator.py:224`) diff --git a/docs/examples.md b/docs/examples.md index 7841077..d54d73e 100644 --- a/docs/examples.md +++ b/docs/examples.md @@ -1,6 +1,8 @@ # Examples -All examples in `examples/`. Run from project root: +This page demonstrates common usage patterns through example scripts. + +All examples are located in the `examples/` directory and should be run from the project root: ```bash python examples/{script}.py @@ -8,7 +10,9 @@ python examples/{script}.py ## Basic Query -`examples/simple_usage.py` +The simplest way to use ProofOfThought is through a single query. + +**File:** `examples/simple_usage.py` ```python from openai import OpenAI @@ -23,7 +27,9 @@ print(result.answer) # False ## Azure OpenAI -`examples/azure_simple_example.py` +For Azure OpenAI deployments, use the provided configuration utility. + +**File:** `examples/azure_simple_example.py` ```python from utils.azure_config import get_client_config @@ -38,7 +44,9 @@ print(result.answer) # True ## Backend Comparison -`examples/backend_comparison.py` +You can compare how the two backends perform on the same question. + +**File:** `examples/backend_comparison.py` ```python config = get_client_config() @@ -56,7 +64,9 @@ print(f"SMT2: {result_smt2.answer}") ## Batch Evaluation -`examples/batch_evaluation.py` +For evaluating multiple questions from a dataset, use the evaluation pipeline. + +**File:** `examples/batch_evaluation.py` ```python from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought @@ -77,7 +87,9 @@ print(f"F1 Score: {result.metrics.f1_score:.4f}") ## Azure + SMT2 Evaluation -`examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py` +This example combines Azure OpenAI with the SMT2 backend for batch evaluation. + +**File:** `examples/batch_evaluation_smt2_azure.py` ```python config = get_client_config() @@ -94,21 +106,24 @@ result = evaluator.evaluate("data/strategyQA_train.json", max_samples=50) ## Full Benchmark Suite -`experiments_pipeline.py` +For comprehensive benchmarking, the experiments pipeline runs all datasets with both backends. -Runs all 5 benchmarks (ProntoQA, FOLIO, ProofWriter, ConditionalQA, StrategyQA) with both backends: +**File:** `experiments_pipeline.py` + +This script runs all 5 benchmarks (ProntoQA, FOLIO, ProofWriter, ConditionalQA, StrategyQA) with both backends: ```bash python experiments_pipeline.py ``` -Implementation: -- Modifies `benchmark/bench_*.py` files to set backend via regex -- Runs each script as subprocess with 1-hour timeout +**Implementation details:** + +- Modifies `benchmark/bench_*.py` files to set the backend via regex substitution +- Runs each benchmark script as a subprocess with a 1-hour timeout - Collects metrics from `output/{backend}_evaluation_{benchmark}/` directories -- Generates markdown table and updates README.md +- Generates a markdown table and updates README.md with results -Configuration (`experiments_pipeline.py:29-41`): +**Configuration** (`experiments_pipeline.py:29-41`): ```python BENCHMARKS = { "prontoqa": "benchmark/bench_prontoqa.py", @@ -122,7 +137,9 @@ BACKENDS = ["smt2", "json"] ## Benchmark Script Structure -`benchmark/bench_strategyqa.py` (representative): +Individual benchmark scripts follow a common pattern, illustrated here with StrategyQA. + +**File:** `benchmark/bench_strategyqa.py` ```python config = get_client_config() @@ -151,7 +168,7 @@ result = evaluator.evaluate( ## Dataset Format -JSON array of objects: +Datasets should be formatted as JSON arrays of objects: ```json [ @@ -166,15 +183,18 @@ JSON array of objects: ] ``` -Optional ID field: +You can optionally include an ID field: + ```json {"qid": "sample_123", "question": "...", "answer": true} ``` -Custom field names via `question_field`, `answer_field`, `id_field` parameters. +Use the `question_field`, `answer_field`, and `id_field` parameters to specify custom field names. ## Saving Programs +To save generated programs to disk for inspection: + ```python result = pot.query( "Can fish breathe underwater?", @@ -183,10 +203,12 @@ result = pot.query( ) ``` -Default path: `{cache_dir}/{auto_generated}{ext}` +If you don't specify a path, the default is: `{cache_dir}/{auto_generated}{ext}` ## Advanced Configuration +For more control over the reasoning process, you can customize various parameters: + ```python pot = ProofOfThought( llm_client=client, diff --git a/docs/foreword.md b/docs/foreword.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2cd446a --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/foreword.md @@ -0,0 +1,31 @@ +# Foreword + +## The Need for Verified Reasoning + +Sound logical reasoning is essential for reliable decision-making systems, yet modern language models excel at pattern matching while struggling with rigorous deductive inference. These models can generate plausible-sounding explanations but lack the formal guarantees necessary for high-stakes applications. When deploying AI systems in domains requiring precise logical reasoning—such as legal analysis, scientific hypothesis testing, or automated theorem proving—we need mechanisms that go beyond statistical correlation to provide verifiable correctness. + +Consider common challenges in automated reasoning: + +- **Can we trust the conclusion?** Does a language model's logical chain actually hold under formal scrutiny? + +- **Why is this conclusion valid?** What axioms and inference rules justify a particular deduction? + +- **How should we solve this problem?** What formal representation best captures the logical structure of a reasoning task? + +- **What are the limitations?** Where do language models succeed or fail in logical reasoning, and why? + +- **Can the system explain its reasoning?** How can we make the logical inference process transparent and auditable? + +While large language models have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, a fundamental challenge remains: **translating informal reasoning into formal logic while ensuring soundness**. Without external verification, we cannot distinguish correct deductions from plausible-sounding but logically invalid conclusions. + +## ProofOfThought: Bridging Natural Language and Formal Logic + +ProofOfThought addresses this challenge by combining the flexibility of language models with the rigor of automated theorem provers. It makes three key contributions: + +- **Provides a systematic pipeline for translating natural language questions into formal logic**, ensuring that informal reasoning is grounded in verifiable formal representations through both SMT-LIB 2.0 and a structured JSON DSL. + +- **Leverages the Z3 theorem prover to provide sound logical verification**, moving beyond language model predictions to mathematically guaranteed correctness through satisfiability checking. + +- **Implements iterative refinement with error feedback**, allowing language models to learn from verification failures and improve program generation through multi-turn conversations with concrete error diagnostics. + +ProofOfThought's architecture bridges two complementary paradigms: the remarkable natural language understanding of modern LLMs and the formal soundness guarantees of automated theorem provers. By making the translation process explicit and the verification results interpretable, the system provides both correctness and explainability—essential properties for trustworthy AI reasoning systems. diff --git a/docs/index.md b/docs/index.md index 34dfc24..563b2ad 100644 --- a/docs/index.md +++ b/docs/index.md @@ -1,9 +1,11 @@ # ProofOfThought -LLM-guided translation of natural language to formal logic, verified via Z3 theorem prover. +ProofOfThought provides LLM-guided translation of natural language questions into formal logic, which is then verified using the Z3 theorem prover. ## Architecture +The system follows a multi-stage pipeline to transform questions into verifiable answers: + ``` Question (NL) ↓ @@ -18,25 +20,27 @@ SAT/UNSAT → Boolean Answer ### Components +The architecture consists of several key components that work together: + **Z3ProgramGenerator** (`z3adapter.reasoning.program_generator`) -LLM interface for program generation. Extracts formal programs from markdown code blocks using regex. Supports error feedback via multi-turn conversations. +Provides the LLM interface for program generation. It extracts formal programs from markdown code blocks using regex and supports error feedback through multi-turn conversations. **Backend** (`z3adapter.backends.abstract`) -Abstract interface: `execute(program_path) → VerificationResult`. Concrete implementations: +Defines an abstract interface with `execute(program_path) → VerificationResult`. Two concrete implementations are available: - **SMT2Backend**: Subprocess call to Z3 CLI. Parses stdout/stderr for `sat`/`unsat` via regex `(?=3.12"`). +ProofOfThought requires Python 3.12 or higher (as specified in `pyproject.toml`). -### Core +### Core Dependencies + +Install the core dependencies using: ```bash pip install -r requirements.txt ``` -Installs: +This installs the following packages: + +- `z3-solver>=4.15.0` - Provides both the Z3 Python API (for JSONBackend) and CLI binary (for SMT2Backend) +- `openai>=2.0.0` - LLM client with support for both OpenAI and Azure OpenAI +- `scikit-learn>=1.7.0` - Used for evaluation metrics like `confusion_matrix` and `accuracy_score` +- `numpy>=2.3.0` - Required for numerical operations +- `python-dotenv>=1.1.0` - Manages environment variables from `.env` files -- `z3-solver>=4.15.0` - Z3 Python API (JSONBackend) + CLI binary (SMT2Backend) -- `openai>=2.0.0` - LLM client (supports Azure OpenAI via same interface) -- `scikit-learn>=1.7.0` - Evaluation metrics (`confusion_matrix`, `accuracy_score`, etc.) -- `numpy>=2.3.0` - Numerical operations -- `python-dotenv>=1.1.0` - Environment variable management +### Development Dependencies (Optional) -### Development (Optional) +For development work, install additional tools: ```bash pip install -e ".[dev]" ``` -Additional tools: +This includes: - `black>=25.9.0` - Code formatter -- `ruff>=0.13.0` - Linter -- `mypy>=1.18.0` - Type checker -- `pytest>=8.0.0` - Test runner -- `pre-commit>=4.3.0` - Git hooks +- `ruff>=0.13.0` - Fast Python linter +- `mypy>=1.18.0` - Static type checker +- `pytest>=8.0.0` - Testing framework +- `pre-commit>=4.3.0` - Git hook manager -## Z3 Verification +## Z3 Verification Setup ### JSON Backend -No additional setup. `z3-solver` package includes Python API. +The JSON backend requires no additional setup beyond installing `z3-solver`, which includes the Python API. ### SMT2 Backend -Requires Z3 CLI in PATH: +The SMT2 backend requires the Z3 CLI to be available in your PATH: ```bash z3 --version ``` -If missing, `z3-solver` package includes CLI in `site-packages`. Locate via: +If Z3 is not found, note that the `z3-solver` package includes a CLI binary in `site-packages`. You can locate it with: ```bash python -c "import z3; print(z3.__file__)" -# CLI typically at: .../site-packages/z3/bin/z3 +# The CLI is typically located at: .../site-packages/z3/bin/z3 ``` -macOS/Linux: Add to PATH or specify in code: +On macOS/Linux, you can either add it to your PATH or specify the path in your code: ```python ProofOfThought(..., z3_path="/path/to/z3") ``` @@ -62,14 +66,15 @@ ProofOfThought(..., z3_path="/path/to/z3") ### OpenAI -`.env`: +For OpenAI access, create a `.env` file with: + ```bash OPENAI_API_KEY=sk-... ``` ### Azure OpenAI -`.env`: +For Azure OpenAI deployments, configure these variables in `.env`: ```bash AZURE_OPENAI_API_KEY=... AZURE_OPENAI_ENDPOINT=https://....openai.azure.com/ @@ -78,7 +83,8 @@ AZURE_GPT5_DEPLOYMENT_NAME=gpt-5 AZURE_GPT4O_DEPLOYMENT_NAME=gpt-4o ``` -Usage: +Then use it in your code: + ```python from utils.azure_config import get_client_config @@ -88,11 +94,14 @@ pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=config["llm_client"], model=config["model"]) ## Verification +To verify your installation is working correctly: + ```bash python examples/simple_usage.py ``` -Expected output structure: +You should see output similar to: + ``` Question: Would Nancy Pelosi publicly denounce abortion? Answer: False @@ -102,37 +111,41 @@ Attempts: 1 ## Troubleshooting -**Z3 CLI not found (SMT2 backend)** +Common issues and their solutions: + +### Z3 CLI not found (SMT2 backend) -Error: +**Error:** ``` FileNotFoundError: Z3 executable not found: 'z3' ``` -Solutions: -1. Use JSON backend: `ProofOfThought(backend="json")` -2. Specify Z3 path: `ProofOfThought(z3_path="/path/to/z3")` -3. Add to PATH: `export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/z3/bin` +**Solutions:** -**Import errors when running examples** +1. Switch to JSON backend: `ProofOfThought(backend="json")` +2. Specify the Z3 path explicitly: `ProofOfThought(z3_path="/path/to/z3")` +3. Add Z3 to your PATH: `export PATH=$PATH:/path/to/z3/bin` -Wrong: +### Import errors when running examples + +**Incorrect approach:** ```bash cd examples python simple_usage.py # ❌ ModuleNotFoundError ``` -Correct: +**Correct approach:** + ```bash cd /path/to/proofofthought python examples/simple_usage.py # ✓ ``` -Reason: `examples/*.py` use `sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent))` to find `z3adapter` and `utils` modules from project root. +**Reason:** The example scripts use `sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent))` to locate the `z3adapter` and `utils` modules from the project root. -**Azure authentication errors** +### Azure authentication errors -Verify `.env` variables are set and endpoint URL is correct. Test via: +First, verify that all `.env` variables are properly set and that your endpoint URL is correct. You can test the configuration with: ```python from utils.azure_config import get_client_config config = get_client_config() # Should not raise @@ -140,10 +153,10 @@ config = get_client_config() # Should not raise ## Version Constraints -From `pyproject.toml` and `requirements.txt`: +The following version constraints are defined in `pyproject.toml` and `requirements.txt`: -- Python: `>=3.12` -- Z3: `>=4.15.0` (tested with `4.15.3.0`) -- OpenAI: `>=2.0.0` (tested with `2.0.1`) -- scikit-learn: `>=1.7.0` (tested with `1.7.2`) -- NumPy: `>=2.3.0` (tested with `2.3.3`) +- **Python:** `>=3.12` +- **Z3:** `>=4.15.0` (tested with `4.15.3.0`) +- **OpenAI:** `>=2.0.0` (tested with `2.0.1`) +- **scikit-learn:** `>=1.7.0` (tested with `1.7.2`) +- **NumPy:** `>=2.3.0` (tested with `2.3.3`) diff --git a/mkdocs.yml b/mkdocs.yml index 7d69de8..5b42249 100644 --- a/mkdocs.yml +++ b/mkdocs.yml @@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ theme: nav: - Home: index.md + - Foreword: foreword.md - Installation: installation.md - DSL Specification: dsl-specification.md - API Reference: api-reference.md From 4d6c8616d60f45c63d2aa855f9f1764a449ca4db Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DebarghaG Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2025 16:41:53 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 10/11] Adding Postprocessors --- .github/workflows/docs.yml | 4 +- BACKENDS.md | 122 --- README.md | 35 + REASONING_API.md | 61 -- benchmark/bench_folio_postprocessors.py | 272 ++++++ benchmark_pipeline.py | 976 ------------------- docs/installation.md | 24 - docs/postprocessors.md | 329 +++++++ examples/postprocessor_example.py | 192 ++++ requirements.txt | 22 +- z3adapter/postprocessors/__init__.py | 23 + z3adapter/postprocessors/abstract.py | 68 ++ z3adapter/postprocessors/decomposed.py | 406 ++++++++ z3adapter/postprocessors/least_to_most.py | 428 ++++++++ z3adapter/postprocessors/registry.py | 135 +++ z3adapter/postprocessors/self_consistency.py | 255 +++++ z3adapter/postprocessors/self_refine.py | 303 ++++++ z3adapter/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py | 124 ++- 18 files changed, 2590 insertions(+), 1189 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 BACKENDS.md delete mode 100644 REASONING_API.md create mode 100644 benchmark/bench_folio_postprocessors.py delete mode 100644 benchmark_pipeline.py create mode 100644 docs/postprocessors.md create mode 100644 examples/postprocessor_example.py create mode 100644 z3adapter/postprocessors/__init__.py create mode 100644 z3adapter/postprocessors/abstract.py create mode 100644 z3adapter/postprocessors/decomposed.py create mode 100644 z3adapter/postprocessors/least_to_most.py create mode 100644 z3adapter/postprocessors/registry.py create mode 100644 z3adapter/postprocessors/self_consistency.py create mode 100644 z3adapter/postprocessors/self_refine.py diff --git a/.github/workflows/docs.yml b/.github/workflows/docs.yml index f2c979b..1de6f58 100644 --- a/.github/workflows/docs.yml +++ b/.github/workflows/docs.yml @@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ on: push: branches: - main - - feat/* + - docs/* pull_request: branches: - main @@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ jobs: run: mkdocs build - name: Deploy to GitHub Pages - if: github.event_name == 'push' && (github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' || github.ref == 'refs/heads/feat/smt') + if: github.event_name == 'push' && (github.ref == 'refs/heads/main') uses: peaceiris/actions-gh-pages@v4 with: github_token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }} diff --git a/BACKENDS.md b/BACKENDS.md deleted file mode 100644 index ed57c34..0000000 --- a/BACKENDS.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,122 +0,0 @@ -# Backend System - -ProofOfThought now supports multiple execution backends for Z3 theorem proving. - -## Available Backends - -### 1. SMT2 Backend (Default) - -The SMT2 backend generates programs in SMT-LIB 2.0 format and executes them via the Z3 command-line interface. - -**Advantages:** -- Standard SMT-LIB 2.0 format (portable to other solvers) -- Direct Z3 CLI execution (no Python interpreter overhead) -- Programs can be run standalone with `z3 program.smt2` - -**Usage:** -```python -from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought - -pot = ProofOfThought( - llm_client=client, - backend="smt2", # default - z3_path="z3" # optional: specify Z3 executable path -) -result = pot.query("Can fish breathe underwater?") -``` - -### 2. JSON Backend - -The JSON backend uses a custom JSON DSL that is parsed by Python and executed via the Z3 Python API. - -**Advantages:** -- More structured and easier for LLMs to generate correctly -- Better error messages and debugging -- Richer DSL features (optimization, complex rules) - -**Usage:** -```python -from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought - -pot = ProofOfThought( - llm_client=client, - backend="json" -) -result = pot.query("Can fish breathe underwater?") -``` - -## How It Works - -1. **Program Generation**: The LLM generates programs in the format specified by the backend - - JSON backend: Uses `z3adapter.reasoning.prompt_template` - - SMT2 backend: Uses `z3adapter.reasoning.smt2_prompt_template` - -2. **Execution**: Programs are saved to temporary files and executed - - JSON backend: Parsed and executed via `z3adapter.interpreter.Z3JSONInterpreter` - - SMT2 backend: Executed via Z3 CLI subprocess - -3. **Result Parsing**: Both backends return a `VerificationResult` with: - - `answer`: `True` (SAT), `False` (UNSAT), or `None` (ambiguous/error) - - `sat_count`: Number of SAT results - - `unsat_count`: Number of UNSAT results - - `output`: Raw execution output - -## Backend Selection - -Choose your backend based on your needs: - -- **Use SMT2** (default) if you want: - - Standard SMT-LIB 2.0 format - - Portability to other SMT solvers - - Standalone executable programs - -- **Use JSON** if you want: - - Better LLM generation reliability - - Richer DSL features - - Better debugging and error messages - -## Example: Comparing Backends - -```python -from utils.azure_config import get_client_config -from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought - -config = get_client_config() -question = "Can fish breathe underwater?" - -# JSON backend -pot_json = ProofOfThought(llm_client=config["llm_client"], backend="json") -result_json = pot_json.query(question) - -# SMT2 backend -pot_smt2 = ProofOfThought(llm_client=config["llm_client"], backend="smt2") -result_smt2 = pot_smt2.query(question) - -print(f"JSON answer: {result_json.answer}") -print(f"SMT2 answer: {result_smt2.answer}") -``` - -See `examples/backend_comparison.py` for a complete example. - -## File Extensions - -- JSON programs: `.json` -- SMT2 programs: `.smt2` - -Programs can be saved using `save_program=True` in the `query()` method. - -## Architecture - -The backend system follows an abstract interface pattern: - -``` -z3adapter/backends/ -├── abstract.py # Backend interface -├── json_backend.py # JSON DSL backend -└── smt2_backend.py # SMT-LIB 2.0 backend -``` - -Each backend implements: -- `execute(program_path)`: Run a program and return results -- `get_file_extension()`: Get the file extension (.json or .smt2) -- `get_prompt_template()`: Get the LLM prompt for program generation diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 615667a..730bd76 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ pip install -r requirements.txt - **Comprehensive Benchmarks**: Evaluated on 5 reasoning datasets (ProntoQA, FOLIO, ProofWriter, ConditionalQA, StrategyQA) - **High-level API**: Simple Python interface for reasoning tasks - **Batch Evaluation Pipeline**: Built-in tools for dataset evaluation and metrics +- **Postprocessing Techniques**: Self-Refine, Self-Consistency, Decomposed Prompting, and Least-to-Most Prompting for enhanced reasoning quality ## Backend Selection @@ -65,6 +66,40 @@ pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client, backend="json") See [BACKENDS.md](BACKENDS.md) for details on choosing a backend. +## Postprocessing Techniques + +Enhance reasoning quality with advanced postprocessing techniques: + +```python +# Enable Self-Refine for iterative refinement +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + postprocessors=["self_refine"], + postprocessor_configs={"self_refine": {"num_iterations": 2}} +) + +# Use Self-Consistency for improved reliability via majority voting +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + postprocessors=["self_consistency"], + postprocessor_configs={"self_consistency": {"num_samples": 5}} +) + +# Chain multiple postprocessors +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + postprocessors=["self_refine", "self_consistency"] +) +``` + +Available techniques: +- **Self-Refine**: Iterative refinement through self-critique +- **Self-Consistency**: Majority voting across multiple reasoning paths +- **Decomposed Prompting**: Breaking complex questions into sub-questions +- **Least-to-Most Prompting**: Progressive problem solving from simple to complex + +See [POSTPROCESSORS.md](POSTPROCESSORS.md) for complete documentation and usage examples. + ## Architecture The system has two layers: diff --git a/REASONING_API.md b/REASONING_API.md deleted file mode 100644 index 451dc1e..0000000 --- a/REASONING_API.md +++ /dev/null @@ -1,61 +0,0 @@ -# Reasoning API - -## Overview - -Simple Python API for LLM-based reasoning with Z3 theorem proving. Inspired by DSPy. - -## API - -### ProofOfThought - -```python -from openai import OpenAI -from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought - -client = OpenAI(api_key="...") -pot = ProofOfThought( - llm_client=client, - model="gpt-4o", - max_attempts=3, - verify_timeout=10000 -) - -result = pot.query("Your question here") -print(result.answer) # True/False/None -``` - -### EvaluationPipeline - -```python -from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline - -evaluator = EvaluationPipeline(pot, output_dir="results/") -result = evaluator.evaluate( - dataset="data.json", - max_samples=100 -) - -print(f"Accuracy: {result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") -print(f"F1: {result.metrics.f1_score:.4f}") -``` - -## Result Objects - -**QueryResult:** -- `answer: bool | None` - The answer -- `success: bool` - Query succeeded -- `num_attempts: int` - Attempts taken -- `error: str | None` - Error if failed - -**EvaluationMetrics:** -- accuracy, precision, recall, f1_score -- tp, fp, tn, fn (confusion matrix) -- total_samples, correct_answers, wrong_answers, failed_answers - -## Error Handling - -Automatic retry with feedback for: -- JSON extraction failures -- Z3 execution errors -- Ambiguous results (SAT + UNSAT) -- LLM API errors diff --git a/benchmark/bench_folio_postprocessors.py b/benchmark/bench_folio_postprocessors.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b9616c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/benchmark/bench_folio_postprocessors.py @@ -0,0 +1,272 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +"""Benchmark: FOLIO with Postprocessors - Comparing Different Techniques + +This script evaluates all four postprocessing techniques on FOLIO to determine +which ones provide the best improvement on this challenging reasoning dataset. + +Postprocessors tested: +1. Baseline (no postprocessing) +2. Self-Refine +3. Self-Consistency +4. Decomposed Prompting +5. Least-to-Most Prompting +6. Combined (Self-Refine + Self-Consistency) + +FOLIO (First-Order Logic in Natural Language) is a human-annotated dataset +for evaluating natural language reasoning with first-order logic. +""" + +import json +import logging +import sys +from pathlib import Path +from typing import Any, Literal + +# Add parent directory to path for z3adapter imports +sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) + +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +from z3adapter.reasoning import EvaluationPipeline, ProofOfThought + +# Configure logging +logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") + + +def preprocess_folio(jsonl_path: str, output_path: str) -> None: + """Preprocess FOLIO to combine premises + conclusion and filter Uncertain labels.""" + with open(jsonl_path) as f: + data = [json.loads(line) for line in f] + + print(f"Total samples: {len(data)}") + + # Filter out Uncertain labels for binary classification + data_filtered = [item for item in data if item["label"] != "Uncertain"] + + print(f"After filtering Uncertain: {len(data_filtered)}") + + label_counts: dict[str, int] = {} + for item in data_filtered: + label_counts[item["label"]] = label_counts.get(item["label"], 0) + 1 + print(f"Label distribution: {label_counts}") + + processed = [] + for item in data_filtered: + full_question = f"Given the following premises:\n\n{item['premises']}\n\nAssuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false?\n\nStatement: {item['conclusion']}" + + answer_bool = item["label"] == "True" + + processed.append( + { + "id": f"folio_{item['example_id']}", + "question": full_question, + "answer": answer_bool, + "story_id": item["story_id"], + "example_id": item["example_id"], + "original_premises": item["premises"], + "original_conclusion": item["conclusion"], + } + ) + + with open(output_path, "w") as f: + json.dump(processed, f, indent=2) + + print(f"Preprocessed {len(processed)} FOLIO examples") + print(f"Saved to: {output_path}") + + +# Preprocess the dataset +jsonl_file = "data/folio_v2_train.jsonl" +processed_file = "data/folio_v2_train_processed.json" + +print("Preprocessing FOLIO dataset...") +preprocess_folio(jsonl_file, processed_file) +print() + +# Get Azure OpenAI configuration +config = get_client_config() + +# Backend selection +BACKEND: Literal["json", "smt2"] = "smt2" # Options: "smt2" or "json" + +# Number of samples to test (use smaller number for faster testing) +MAX_SAMPLES = 50 # Use 100 for full evaluation + +# Configuration for each postprocessor experiment +EXPERIMENTS: list[dict[str, Any]] = [ + { + "name": "Baseline (No Postprocessing)", + "postprocessors": None, + "configs": None, + }, + { + "name": "Self-Refine", + "postprocessors": ["self_refine"], + "configs": {"self_refine": {"num_iterations": 2}}, + }, + { + "name": "Self-Consistency", + "postprocessors": ["self_consistency"], + "configs": {"self_consistency": {"num_samples": 5}}, + }, + { + "name": "Decomposed Prompting", + "postprocessors": ["decomposed"], + "configs": {"decomposed": {"max_subquestions": 3}}, + }, + { + "name": "Least-to-Most Prompting", + "postprocessors": ["least_to_most"], + "configs": {"least_to_most": {"max_steps": 3}}, + }, + { + "name": "Combined (Self-Refine + Self-Consistency)", + "postprocessors": ["self_refine", "self_consistency"], + "configs": { + "self_refine": {"num_iterations": 2}, + "self_consistency": {"num_samples": 3}, + }, + }, +] + +# Store results for comparison +all_results: list[dict[str, Any]] = [] + +print("=" * 80) +print("FOLIO POSTPROCESSOR EVALUATION") +print("=" * 80) +print(f"Backend: {BACKEND.upper()}") +print(f"Model: {config['model']}") +print(f"Samples per experiment: {MAX_SAMPLES}") +print(f"Total experiments: {len(EXPERIMENTS)}") +print("=" * 80) +print() + +# Run each experiment +for i, experiment in enumerate(EXPERIMENTS, 1): + print(f"\n{'=' * 80}") + print(f"EXPERIMENT {i}/{len(EXPERIMENTS)}: {experiment['name']}") + print("=" * 80) + + # Create ProofOfThought instance + pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend=BACKEND, + max_attempts=3, + cache_dir=f"output/{BACKEND}_programs_folio_postproc_{i}", + z3_path="z3", + postprocessors=experiment["postprocessors"], + postprocessor_configs=experiment["configs"], + ) + + # Create evaluation pipeline + evaluator = EvaluationPipeline( + proof_of_thought=pot, + output_dir=f"output/{BACKEND}_evaluation_folio_postproc_{i}", + num_workers=10, # Sequential for postprocessors (they already parallelize internally) + ) + + # Run evaluation + eval_result = evaluator.evaluate( + dataset=processed_file, + question_field="question", + answer_field="answer", + id_field="id", + max_samples=MAX_SAMPLES, + skip_existing=False, # Don't skip to ensure fresh results + ) + + # Store results + experiment_result: dict[str, Any] = { + "name": experiment["name"], + "postprocessors": experiment["postprocessors"], + "configs": experiment["configs"], + "metrics": { + "accuracy": eval_result.metrics.accuracy, + "precision": eval_result.metrics.precision, + "recall": eval_result.metrics.recall, + "f1_score": eval_result.metrics.f1_score, + "total_samples": eval_result.metrics.total_samples, + "correct": eval_result.metrics.correct_answers, + "wrong": eval_result.metrics.wrong_answers, + "failed": eval_result.metrics.failed_answers, + "tp": eval_result.metrics.tp, + "tn": eval_result.metrics.tn, + "fp": eval_result.metrics.fp, + "fn": eval_result.metrics.fn, + }, + } + all_results.append(experiment_result) + + # Print immediate results + print(f"\nResults for {experiment['name']}:") + print(f" Accuracy: {eval_result.metrics.accuracy:.2%}") + print(f" Precision: {eval_result.metrics.precision:.4f}") + print(f" Recall: {eval_result.metrics.recall:.4f}") + print(f" F1 Score: {eval_result.metrics.f1_score:.4f}") + print( + f" Correct/Wrong/Failed: {eval_result.metrics.correct_answers}/{eval_result.metrics.wrong_answers}/{eval_result.metrics.failed_answers}" + ) + +# Save all results to JSON +results_file = f"output/folio_postprocessor_comparison_{BACKEND}.json" +with open(results_file, "w") as f: + json.dump(all_results, f, indent=2) + +print("\n" + "=" * 80) +print("FINAL COMPARISON - ALL POSTPROCESSORS") +print("=" * 80) +print() + +# Print comparison table +print(f"{'Technique':<40} {'Accuracy':<12} {'F1 Score':<12} {'Success Rate':<15}") +print("-" * 80) + +baseline_accuracy = all_results[0]["metrics"]["accuracy"] + +for result in all_results: + name = result["name"] + accuracy = result["metrics"]["accuracy"] + f1 = result["metrics"]["f1_score"] + total = result["metrics"]["total_samples"] + failed = result["metrics"]["failed"] + success_rate = (total - failed) / total if total > 0 else 0 + + # Calculate improvement over baseline + improvement = "" + if name != "Baseline (No Postprocessing)": + diff = accuracy - baseline_accuracy + improvement = f" ({diff:+.1%})" + + print(f"{name:<40} {accuracy:.2%}{improvement:<8} {f1:.4f} {success_rate:.2%}") + +print("-" * 80) +print() + +# Find best technique +best_result = max(all_results[1:], key=lambda x: x["metrics"]["accuracy"]) # Skip baseline +print(f"Best Postprocessor: {best_result['name']}") +print(f" Accuracy: {best_result['metrics']['accuracy']:.2%}") +print(f" Improvement over baseline: {best_result['metrics']['accuracy'] - baseline_accuracy:+.2%}") +print() + +# Save summary +summary = { + "backend": BACKEND, + "model": config["model"], + "max_samples": MAX_SAMPLES, + "baseline_accuracy": baseline_accuracy, + "best_technique": best_result["name"], + "best_accuracy": best_result["metrics"]["accuracy"], + "improvement": best_result["metrics"]["accuracy"] - baseline_accuracy, + "all_results": all_results, +} + +summary_file = f"output/folio_postprocessor_summary_{BACKEND}.json" +with open(summary_file, "w") as f: + json.dump(summary, f, indent=2) + +print("Results saved to:") +print(f" - {results_file}") +print(f" - {summary_file}") +print() diff --git a/benchmark_pipeline.py b/benchmark_pipeline.py deleted file mode 100644 index 67f6e01..0000000 --- a/benchmark_pipeline.py +++ /dev/null @@ -1,976 +0,0 @@ -import io -import json -import logging -import os -import re -import time -import traceback -from contextlib import redirect_stderr, redirect_stdout -from typing import Any - -import numpy as np -from openai import OpenAI -from sklearn.metrics import ( - accuracy_score, - confusion_matrix, - precision_score, - recall_score, -) - -from z3adapter.interpreter import Z3JSONInterpreter - - -def calculate_metrics(y_true: list[Any], y_pred: list[Any]) -> dict[str, Any]: - y_true = np.array(y_true) - y_pred = np.array(y_pred) - - # Handle the case where there's only one class - if len(np.unique(y_true)) == 1 or len(np.unique(y_pred)) == 1: - accuracy = accuracy_score(y_true, y_pred) - if np.array_equal(y_true, y_pred): - if y_true[0] == 1: # All positive - tp, fp, tn, fn = len(y_true), 0, 0, 0 - else: # All negative - tp, fp, tn, fn = 0, 0, len(y_true), 0 - else: - if y_true[0] == 1: # All true positive, some false negative - tp = np.sum(y_pred) - fn = len(y_true) - tp - fp, tn = 0, 0 - else: # All true negative, some false positive - y_pred_arr = np.array(y_pred) - tn = int(np.sum(~y_pred_arr)) - fp = len(y_true) - tn - tp, fn = 0, 0 - - precision = tp / (tp + fp) if (tp + fp) > 0 else 0 - recall = tp / (tp + fn) if (tp + fn) > 0 else 0 - specificity = tn / (tn + fp) if (tn + fp) > 0 else 0 - false_positive_rate = fp / (fp + tn) if (fp + tn) > 0 else 0 - false_negative_rate = fn / (fn + tp) if (fn + tp) > 0 else 0 - else: - cm = confusion_matrix(y_true, y_pred) - tn, fp, fn, tp = cm.ravel() - accuracy = accuracy_score(y_true, y_pred) - precision = precision_score(y_true, y_pred, zero_division=0) - recall = recall_score(y_true, y_pred, zero_division=0) - specificity = tn / (tn + fp) if (tn + fp) > 0 else 0 - false_positive_rate = fp / (fp + tn) if (fp + tn) > 0 else 0 - false_negative_rate = fn / (fn + tp) if (fn + tp) > 0 else 0 - - f1 = 2 * (precision * recall) / (precision + recall) if (precision + recall) > 0 else 0 - - return { - "TP": int(tp), - "FP": int(fp), - "TN": int(tn), - "FN": int(fn), - "Accuracy": accuracy, - "Precision": precision, - "Recall": recall, - "F1 Score": f1, - "Specificity": specificity, - "False Positive Rate": false_positive_rate, - "False Negative Rate": false_negative_rate, - } - - -# Set up logging -logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s") -logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) - - -# Function to extract JSON from markdown content -def extract_json_from_markdown(markdown_content: str) -> dict[str, Any] | None: - json_code_block_pattern = r"```json\s*(\{[\s\S]*?\})\s*```" - match = re.search(json_code_block_pattern, markdown_content) - if match: - json_content = match.group(1) - return json.loads(json_content) # Parse JSON content - return None - - -def run_z3_interpreter(output_json_path: str) -> tuple[bool | None, str]: - # Capture both stdout and stderr - stdout_capture = io.StringIO() - stderr_capture = io.StringIO() - - with redirect_stdout(stdout_capture), redirect_stderr(stderr_capture): - interpreter = Z3JSONInterpreter(output_json_path) - interpreter.run() - - # Combine stdout and stderr - full_output = stdout_capture.getvalue() + stderr_capture.getvalue() - - # Analyze the output - sat_occurrences = full_output.count(": SAT") - unsat_occurrences = full_output.count(": UNSAT") - - # Determine the answer - predicted_answer: bool | None - if sat_occurrences > 0 and unsat_occurrences == 0: - predicted_answer = True - elif unsat_occurrences > 0 and sat_occurrences == 0: - predicted_answer = False - else: - predicted_answer = None - - return predicted_answer, full_output - - -api_key = os.getenv("OPENAI_API_KEY") -if not api_key: - raise ValueError( - "OPENAI_API_KEY is not set. " "Please set it in your .env file or environment variables." - ) - -client = OpenAI(api_key=api_key) - -# Load the StrategyQA dataset -with open("strategyqa_train.json") as f: - data = json.load(f) - -# Set up output directories -output_dir = "strategyqa_outputs" -json_dir = os.path.join(output_dir, "json") -response_dir = os.path.join(output_dir, "responses") - -os.makedirs(json_dir, exist_ok=True) -os.makedirs(response_dir, exist_ok=True) - -max_questions = 10 -correct_answers = 0 -wrong_answers = 0 -programgenerror = 0 - -y_true = [] -y_pred = [] - - -for idx, question_data in enumerate(data[:max_questions]): - qid = question_data["qid"] - question_text = question_data["question"] - actual_answer = question_data["answer"] # True or False - - logger.info(f"Processing question {idx+1}/{max_questions}: {qid}") - logger.info(f"Question: {question_text}") - logger.info(f"Actual Answer: {actual_answer}") - - output_json_path = os.path.join(json_dir, f"{qid}_extracted.json") - if os.path.exists(output_json_path): - logger.info(f"Skipping question {qid}, already processed.") - continue - - num_attempts = 0 - max_attempts = 3 - success = False - - # Define your prompt template here - initial_prompt_content = """ - ** Instructions for Generating JSON-Based DSL Programs for Theorem Proving** - - **Introduction** - - This document provides comprehensive guidelines for generating JSON-based Domain-Specific Language (DSL) programs designed to solve complex reasoning tasks using a theorem prover. The goal is to translate reasoning problems into structured JSON programs that can be parsed by a custom interpreter and reliably solved. This guide includes detailed explanations of each section, examples, and emphasizes common pitfalls to avoid to ensure that the generated programs are error-free and adhere strictly to the expected format. - - --- - - ### **Important Guidelines to Avoid Common Errors** - - 1. **Variable Definitions** - - - **Understand the difference between FREE variables and QUANTIFIED variables:** - - **Free Variables**: Declared in the global `"variables"` section. These are variables used in non-quantified contexts (e.g., directly in assertions without ForAll/Exists). - - **Quantified Variables**: Variables bound by `ForAll` or `Exists` quantifiers. These are automatically bound by the quantifier itself and should NOT be declared in a separate `"variables"` field. - - - **Example of Correct Variable Declaration:** - ```json - "variables": [ - {"name": "p", "sort": "Person"}, - {"name": "i", "sort": "Issue"} - ] - ``` - This declares `p` and `i` as free variables available throughout the program. - - For quantified variables in ForAll/Exists: - ```json - "knowledge_base": [ - "ForAll([p, i], Implies(supports(p, i), Not(publicly_denounce(p, i))))" - ] - ``` - Here, `p` and `i` are automatically bound by the `ForAll` quantifier. If `p` and `i` are declared in the global `"variables"` section, they can be referenced as free variables within the quantified expression. - - 2. **Context in Evaluations** - - - The interpreter evaluates expressions in a context that includes: - - **Functions**: Defined in the `"functions"` section. - - **Constants**: Defined in the `"constants"` section. - - **Free Variables**: Defined in the global `"variables"` section. - - **Quantified Variables**: Temporarily added to context when evaluating quantified expressions (ForAll/Exists). - - - **Understanding Variable Scope**: - - **Free variables** in the global `"variables"` section are available throughout the entire program. - - **Quantified variables** (e.g., in `ForAll([x], ...)`) are automatically bound by the quantifier and available only within that quantified expression. - - You can reference free variables inside quantified expressions, creating nested scopes. - - 3. **Valid JSON Output** - - - **Ensure that the JSON output is valid and can be parsed without errors.** - - Use proper syntax, including commas, quotation marks, and matching brackets. - - Avoid trailing commas or missing commas between elements. - - - **Common JSON Errors to Avoid**: - - Missing commas between array elements or object properties. - - Unmatched brackets or braces. - - Incorrect use of quotation marks. - - - **Recommendation**: - - Use a JSON validator or formatter to check the generated JSON before finalizing it. - - 4. **Correct Syntax in Logical Expressions** - - - **Use Proper Python Syntax for Expressions**: - - When writing expressions that will be evaluated, ensure they are valid Python expressions. - - For example, in the assertion `ForAll([p], ...)`, `p` must be defined in the context or within the quantifier. - - - **Avoid Using Unrecognized Variables**: - - Do not use variables in expressions that have not been defined. - - If a variable is introduced in a quantifier, ensure it is properly included. - - - **Example of Correct Usage**: - ```json - "variables": [ - {"name": "p", "sort": "Person"} - ], - "knowledge_base": [ - "ForAll([p], Implies(is_law_enforcement(p), can_arrest(p)))" - ] - ``` - Where `p` is declared as a free variable in the global `"variables"` section, then bound by the `ForAll` quantifier in the assertion. - - --- - - ### **Detailed Explanation of Each Section** - - 1. **Sorts** - - - **Purpose**: Define the types or domains (e.g., integers, booleans, custom types like "Person"). - - **Structure**: - ```json - { - "name": "SortName", - "type": "SortType" - } - ``` - - **Sort Types**: - - `"BoolSort"`: Boolean type. - - `"IntSort"`: Integer type. - - `"RealSort"`: Real number type. - - `"DeclareSort"`: Custom, uninterpreted sort. - - `"EnumSort"`: Enumerated sort with specified values. - - `"BitVecSort(n)"`: Bit vector of size `n`. - - `"ArraySort(DomainSort, RangeSort)"`: Array mapping from `DomainSort` to `RangeSort`. - - **Example**: - ```json - {"name": "Person", "type": "DeclareSort"} - ``` - - 2. **Functions** - - - **Purpose**: Define operations or relations between sorts. - - **Structure**: - ```json - { - "name": "FunctionName", - "domain": ["Sort1", "Sort2"], - "range": "ReturnSort" - } - ``` - - **Example**: - ```json - {"name": "num_children", "domain": ["Person"], "range": "Int"} - ``` - - 3. **Constants** - - - **Purpose**: Represent fixed elements within sorts. - - **Structure**: - ```json - { - "Category": { - "sort": "SortName", - "members": ["Const1", "Const2"] - } - } - ``` - - **Example**: - ```json - { - "persons": { - "sort": "Person", - "members": ["genghis_khan", "julius_caesar"] - } - } - ``` - - 4. **Variables** - - - **Purpose**: Define FREE variables that can be used throughout the program. These are symbols that can be referenced in assertions, rules, and verifications. They are particularly useful when you want to use the same variable symbol in multiple quantified expressions. - - **Structure**: - ```json - { - "name": "VariableName", - "sort": "SortName" - } - ``` - - **Example**: - ```json - {"name": "x", "sort": "Int"} - ``` - - **Note**: Variables declared here can be used as free variables OR can be bound by quantifiers (ForAll/Exists) in assertions. When bound by a quantifier, they become quantified variables within that scope. - - 5. **Knowledge Base** - - - **Purpose**: A set of axioms or facts that are assumed to be true. - - **Structure**: An array of assertions, each representing a logical expression. - - **Assertions** can be simple strings or dictionaries specifying the assertion and its truth value. - - **Example**: - ```json - "variables": [ - {"name": "p", "sort": "Person"} - ], - "knowledge_base": [ - "ForAll([p], Implies(is_law_enforcement(p), can_arrest(p)))", - "num_children(genghis_khan) == 16", - { - "assertion": "can_fly(superman)", - "value": true - } - ] - ``` - - **Note**: When using quantifiers like ForAll/Exists, the variables must be declared in the global `"variables"` section to be available in the evaluation context. - - 6. **Rules** - - - **Purpose**: Define general logical implications or constraints. - - **Structure**: - ```json - { - "name": "RuleName", - "forall": [ - {"name": "Var1", "sort": "Sort1"}, - {"name": "Var2", "sort": "Sort2"} - ], - "implies": { - "antecedent": "LogicalExpression", - "consequent": "LogicalExpression" - } - } - ``` - Or for simple constraints: - ```json - { - "name": "RuleName", - "constraint": "LogicalExpression" - } - ``` - - **Example**: - ```json - { - "name": "Greater Than Rule", - "forall": [ - {"name": "a", "sort": "Int"}, - {"name": "b", "sort": "Int"} - ], - "implies": { - "antecedent": "a > b", - "consequent": "Not(b > a)" - } - } - ``` - - **Important**: Rules with `"implies"` MUST have a `"forall"` field with at least one variable. The `"forall"` field cannot be empty. For rules without quantification, use `"constraint"` instead. - - 7. **Verifications** - - - **Purpose**: Specify properties or conditions that need to be verified by the theorem prover. - - **Three Types of Verifications**: - - **Type 1: Simple Constraint (no quantifiers)** - ```json - { - "name": "VerificationName", - "constraint": "LogicalExpression" - } - ``` - Example: - ```json - { - "name": "Compare Descendants", - "constraint": "num_descendants(genghis_khan) > num_descendants(julius_caesar)" - } - ``` - - **Type 2: Existential Verification (checking if there exists a value)** - ```json - { - "name": "VerificationName", - "exists": [ - {"name": "Var", "sort": "Sort"} - ], - "constraint": "LogicalExpression" - } - ``` - Example: - ```json - { - "name": "Find Positive Number", - "exists": [ - {"name": "x", "sort": "Int"} - ], - "constraint": "And(x > 0, x < 10)" - } - ``` - - **Type 3: Universal Verification (checking if property holds for all values)** - ```json - { - "name": "VerificationName", - "forall": [ - {"name": "Var", "sort": "Sort"} - ], - "implies": { - "antecedent": "LogicalExpression", - "consequent": "LogicalExpression" - } - } - ``` - Example: - ```json - { - "name": "All Positive Numbers Greater Than Zero", - "forall": [ - {"name": "x", "sort": "Int"} - ], - "implies": { - "antecedent": "x > 0", - "consequent": "x >= 1" - } - } - ``` - - - **Important**: The `"exists"` and `"forall"` fields cannot be empty. They must contain at least one variable definition. - - 8. **Optimization** (Optional) - - - **Purpose**: Define optimization problems with variables, constraints, and objectives. - - **Structure**: - ```json - { - "variables": [ - {"name": "Var", "sort": "Sort"} - ], - "constraints": ["LogicalExpression"], - "objectives": [ - { - "type": "minimize" or "maximize", - "expression": "ArithmeticExpression" - } - ] - } - ``` - - **Example**: - ```json - { - "variables": [ - {"name": "x", "sort": "Int"} - ], - "constraints": [ - "x >= 0", - "x <= 10" - ], - "objectives": [ - { - "type": "maximize", - "expression": "x" - } - ] - } - ``` - - 9. **Actions** - - - **Purpose**: Specify which actions the interpreter should perform. - - **Possible Actions**: - - `"verify_conditions"`: Runs verifications. - - `"optimize"`: Solves optimization problems. - - **Structure**: An array of action strings. - - **Example**: - ```json - ["verify_conditions"] - ``` - - --- - - ### **Understanding Verification Semantics** - - **Important: What Does SAT/UNSAT Mean?** - - When you run verifications, the interpreter checks the satisfiability of your constraint given the knowledge base: - - - **SAT (Satisfiable)**: The constraint CAN be true given the knowledge base. The solver found a model where both the knowledge base AND the constraint are satisfied simultaneously. - - This means the constraint is CONSISTENT with the knowledge base. - - A model (example values) will be shown. - - - **UNSAT (Unsatisfiable)**: The constraint CONTRADICTS the knowledge base. There is no possible model where both the knowledge base and the constraint can be true together. - - This means the constraint is INCONSISTENT with the knowledge base. - - - **UNKNOWN**: The solver timed out or couldn't determine satisfiability. - - **Checking Different Types of Properties:** - - 1. **To check if a property CAN be true** (satisfiability): - - Add it directly to verifications - - SAT = yes, it's possible - - UNSAT = no, it contradicts the knowledge base - - 2. **To check if a property MUST be true** (entailment, KB ⊨ φ): - - Verify that the NEGATION of the property is UNSAT - - If KB ∧ ¬φ is UNSAT, then KB ⊨ φ (the knowledge base entails the property) - - Example: To prove "publicly_denounce(nancy_pelosi, abortion)" is false given KB, check if "publicly_denounce(nancy_pelosi, abortion)" is UNSAT - - **Example**: - ```json - "verifications": [ - { - "name": "Can Pelosi Denounce Abortion", - "constraint": "publicly_denounce(nancy_pelosi, abortion)" - } - ] - ``` - - If this returns SAT: Pelosi denouncing abortion is consistent with the knowledge base - - If this returns UNSAT: Pelosi denouncing abortion contradicts the knowledge base (meaning she definitely won't) - - --- - - ### **Available Operators and Functions** - - - **Logical Operators**: - - `And(expr1, expr2, ...)` - - `Or(expr1, expr2, ...)` - - `Not(expr)` - - `Implies(antecedent, consequent)` - - `If(condition, true_expr, false_expr)` - - `Distinct(expr1, expr2, ...)` - - - **Quantifiers**: - - `ForAll([vars], expr)` - - `Exists([vars], expr)` - - - **Arithmetic Operators**: - - `+`, `-`, `*`, `/` - - Comparison: `==`, `!=`, `<`, `<=`, `>`, `>=` - - - **Custom Functions**: Defined in the `"functions"` section. - - --- - - ### **Good Examples of JSON Programming** - - 1. **Example: Correctly Defining Variables for Quantified Expressions** - - **Incorrect - Missing Variable Declaration**: - ```json - "knowledge_base": [ - "ForAll([p], Implies(is_law_enforcement(p), can_arrest(p)))" - ] - ``` - - **Error**: `p` is not defined in the evaluation context, causing a NameError. - - **Corrected Version - Declare in Global Variables Section**: - ```json - "variables": [ - {"name": "p", "sort": "Person"} - ], - "knowledge_base": [ - "ForAll([p], Implies(is_law_enforcement(p), can_arrest(p)))" - ] - ``` - - **Explanation**: By declaring `p` in the global `"variables"` section, it becomes available in the evaluation context. The `ForAll` quantifier then binds this variable within its scope. - - --- - - ### **Common Pitfalls to Avoid** - - - **Undefined Variables**: Always define variables in the global `"variables"` section if they will be used in quantified expressions (ForAll/Exists). The quantifier binds the variable, but it must exist in the evaluation context first. - - - **Using 'variables' field in assertions**: Do NOT add a `"variables"` field inside knowledge_base assertions. Variables should be declared in the global `"variables"` section only. - - - **Using 'variables' instead of 'forall' in rules**: Rules must use `"forall"` for quantified variables, not `"variables"`. - - - **Empty quantifier lists**: If you specify `"forall"` or `"exists"` in rules or verifications, they must contain at least one variable. Empty lists will cause errors. - - - **Syntax Errors in Expressions**: Use correct syntax in logical expressions. Avoid typos and ensure that all parentheses and commas are correctly placed. - - - **Invalid JSON**: Double-check the JSON structure for validity. Use a JSON linter or validator if necessary. - - - **Misunderstanding SAT/UNSAT**: Remember that SAT means "possible/consistent" and UNSAT means "contradicts". To prove something MUST be true, check if its negation is UNSAT. - - --- - - ### **Revised Guidelines for Writing Good Programs** - - 1. **Always Declare Variables in the Global Section** - - - All variables used in quantified expressions (ForAll/Exists) must be declared in the global `"variables"` section. - - The quantifier automatically binds the variable within its scope, but the variable must exist in the evaluation context. - - 2. **Use Correct Field Names** - - - In rules: Use `"forall"` for quantified variables, NOT `"variables"` - - In verifications: Use `"forall"`, `"exists"`, or no quantifier field for simple constraints - - In knowledge_base: Do NOT add a `"variables"` field in assertion dictionaries - - 3. **Understanding Quantifier Binding** - - - When you write `ForAll([p], ...)`, the variable `p` must be declared in the global `"variables"` section - - The `ForAll` quantifier then binds `p` within its scope - - Example: - ```json - "variables": [ - {"name": "p", "sort": "Person"} - ], - "knowledge_base": [ - "ForAll([p], Implies(condition(p), result(p)))" - ] - ``` - - 4. **Ensure Variables are in Evaluation Context** - - - The interpreter builds an evaluation context from functions, constants, and the global variables section - - Quantified variables are temporarily added to this context when evaluating their scope - - Always declare variables globally to make them available for quantification - - --- - - ### **Example of Corrected JSON Program** - - **Question**: Would Nancy Pelosi publicly denounce abortion? - - **Decomposition**: - - - Nancy Pelosi is known to support abortion rights. - - People do not publicly denounce issues they support. - - Therefore, Nancy Pelosi would not publicly denounce abortion. - - **JSON Program**: - - ```json - { - "sorts": [ - {"name": "Person", "type": "DeclareSort"}, - {"name": "Issue", "type": "DeclareSort"}, - {"name": "Bool", "type": "BoolSort"} - ], - "functions": [ - {"name": "supports", "domain": ["Person", "Issue"], "range": "Bool"}, - {"name": "publicly_denounce", "domain": ["Person", "Issue"], "range": "Bool"} - ], - "constants": { - "persons": { - "sort": "Person", - "members": ["nancy_pelosi"] - }, - "issues": { - "sort": "Issue", - "members": ["abortion"] - } - }, - "variables": [ - {"name": "p", "sort": "Person"}, - {"name": "i", "sort": "Issue"} - ], - "knowledge_base": [ - { - "assertion": "supports(nancy_pelosi, abortion)" - }, - { - "assertion": "ForAll([p, i], Implies(supports(p, i), Not(publicly_denounce(p, i))))" - } - ], - "verifications": [ - { - "name": "Pelosi Denounce Abortion", - "constraint": "publicly_denounce(nancy_pelosi, abortion)" - } - ], - "actions": ["verify_conditions"] - } - ``` - - **Explanation**: - - - **Variables Defined**: - - `p` and `i` are defined in the global `"variables"` section, making them available in the evaluation context. - - When the `ForAll([p, i], ...)` quantifier is evaluated, these variables are bound within the quantifier's scope. - - - **Knowledge Base Assertions**: - - The first assertion is a simple fact: Nancy Pelosi supports abortion. - - The second assertion is a universal rule: For all persons `p` and issues `i`, if `p` supports `i`, then `p` does not publicly denounce `i`. - - Notice that the ForAll assertion does NOT have a `"variables"` field inside the dictionary - the variables are already declared globally. - - - **Verification**: - - We check if "publicly_denounce(nancy_pelosi, abortion)" can be true. - - Expected result: UNSAT (because it contradicts the knowledge base - she supports abortion, so she won't denounce it). - - - **Why This Works**: - - By declaring `p` and `i` globally, they are available when the interpreter evaluates the ForAll expression. - - The ForAll quantifier binds these variables, making them quantified variables within its scope. - - This prevents the "name 'p' is not defined" error during evaluation. - - --- - - ### **Additional Tips** - - - **Define All Quantified Variables Globally**: - - Any variable used in ForAll/Exists quantifiers must be declared in the global `"variables"` section. - - This makes them available in the evaluation context so they can be bound by quantifiers. - - - **Simplify Assertions**: - - Use simple strings for assertions when possible (e.g., `"supports(nancy_pelosi, abortion)"`) - - Only use dictionary format when you need to specify `"value": false` to negate an assertion. - - - **Test Expressions Separately**: - - Before including complex expressions in the JSON, test them separately to ensure they are syntactically correct. - - - **Validate JSON Output**: - - Use tools or online validators to ensure that your JSON is well-formed and free of syntax errors. - - - **Understand the Evaluation Model**: - - The interpreter evaluates expressions by building a context from functions, constants, and global variables. - - Quantifiers temporarily add their bound variables to this context during evaluation. - - This two-level system (global declaration + quantifier binding) prevents name errors. - - --- - - ### **Conclusion** - - By following these updated guidelines and paying close attention to variable declarations and context, you can create JSON-based DSL programs that are free of errors and compatible with the interpreter. Always define all variables used in expressions, use correct syntax, and validate your JSON output. This will help ensure that your programs execute successfully and provide accurate results when processed by the theorem prover. - - --- - - **Task**: - - Think step by step and reason about the given question. Decompose the question into logical reasoning steps, define the necessary sorts, functions, constants, variables, and knowledge base entries, and finally, construct a JSON file representing the problem. Ensure that: - - - All variables used in expressions are properly defined. - - The JSON structure is valid and free of syntax errors. - - The logical expressions are syntactically correct and use variables available in the context. - - **Example Task**: - - Given the question: - - *"Would a student of the class of 2017 have amnesia about 9/11?"* - - 1. **Decompose the Question**: - - - Determine the typical age of a student graduating in 2017. - - Calculate the birth year of such a student. - - Determine if the student was born after the year 2000. - - People born after 2000 may not remember events from 2001. - - Therefore, such a student may not remember 9/11. - - 2. **Construct the JSON Program**: - - ```json - { - "sorts": [ - {"name": "Person", "type": "DeclareSort"}, - {"name": "Int", "type": "IntSort"} - ], - "functions": [ - {"name": "graduation_year", "domain": ["Person"], "range": "Int"}, - {"name": "birth_year", "domain": ["Person"], "range": "Int"}, - {"name": "has_amnesia_about_9_11", "domain": ["Person"], "range": "Bool"} - ], - "constants": { - "persons": { - "sort": "Person", - "members": ["student"] - } - }, - "variables": [ - {"name": "p", "sort": "Person"} - ], - "knowledge_base": [ - "graduation_year(student) == 2017", - "birth_year(student) == graduation_year(student) - 22", - { - "assertion": "ForAll([p], Implies(birth_year(p) > 2000, has_amnesia_about_9_11(p)))" - } - ], - "verifications": [ - { - "name": "Student Has Amnesia About 9/11", - "constraint": "has_amnesia_about_9_11(student)" - } - ], - "actions": ["verify_conditions"] - } - ``` - - **Final Note**: - - Make sure to double-check your JSON program for correctness and adherence to the guidelines. The goal is to create a logical representation of the question that can be understood and verified by the theorem prover. - - --- - - SAT is True. UNSAT is False. Answer the following question: - - """ - - initial_prompt_content = initial_prompt_content + f"Question: {question_text}" - - prompt_content = initial_prompt_content - previous_response: str | None = None - error_trace: str | None = None - predicted_answer: bool | None = None - interpreter_output: str = "" - - while num_attempts < max_attempts and not success: - time.sleep(2) - num_attempts += 1 - try: - if num_attempts == 1: - # First attempt - messages = [ - {"role": "user", "content": [{"type": "text", "text": initial_prompt_content}]} - ] - else: - # Subsequent attempts - messages = [ - { - "role": "assistant", - "content": [{"type": "text", "text": previous_response or ""}], - }, - { - "role": "user", - "content": [ - { - "type": "text", - "text": f"There was an error processing your response:\n{error_trace}\nPlease fix the JSON accordingly.", - } - # {"role": "user", "content": [{ "type" : "text", "text" : initial_prompt_content}]}, - ], - }, - ] - - # Make the OpenAI API call - response = client.chat.completions.create( - model="gpt-4o", - messages=messages, - temperature=0.1, - max_tokens=2048, - top_p=1, - frequency_penalty=0, - presence_penalty=0, - response_format={"type": "text"}, - ) - - response_data = response.choices[0].message.content - - # Save the response - response_path = os.path.join(response_dir, f"{qid}_response_attempt{num_attempts}.json") - with open(response_path, "w") as f: - json.dump({"response_content": response_data}, f, indent=4) - - markdown_content = response_data - previous_response = markdown_content - - extracted_json = extract_json_from_markdown(markdown_content or "") - if extracted_json: - with open(output_json_path, "w") as f: - json.dump(extracted_json, f, indent=4) - try: - predicted_answer, interpreter_output = run_z3_interpreter(output_json_path) - - logger.info(f"Interpreter Output:\n{interpreter_output}") - - if predicted_answer is not None: - logger.info(f"Answer Computed : ({predicted_answer}, {actual_answer})") - if predicted_answer == actual_answer: - correct_answers += 1 - logger.info( - f"Question {qid} answered correctly on attempt {num_attempts}" - ) - else: - wrong_answers += 1 - logger.info( - f"Question {qid} answered incorrectly on attempt {num_attempts}" - ) - success = True - else: - logger.warning( - f"Could not determine the answer for question {qid} on attempt {num_attempts}" - ) - error_trace = f"Ambiguous output: SAT and UNSAT occurrences don't clearly indicate an answer.\nFull output:\n{interpreter_output}" - success = False - - except Exception as e: - error_trace = f"Error running interpreter: {str(e)}\nFull traceback:\n{''.join(traceback.format_exception(type(e), e, e.__traceback__))}" - logger.error( - f"Error running interpreter for question {qid} on attempt {num_attempts}:\n{error_trace}" - ) - success = False - else: - error_trace = "Failed to extract JSON from the response." - logger.error(f"Failed to extract JSON for question {qid} on attempt {num_attempts}") - success = False - - except Exception as e: - error_trace = f"Error processing question: {str(e)}\nFull traceback:\n{''.join(traceback.format_exception(type(e), e, e.__traceback__))}" - logger.error( - f"Error processing question {qid} on attempt {num_attempts}:\n{error_trace}" - ) - success = False - - if not success and num_attempts < max_attempts: - prompt_content = initial_prompt_content - if success and predicted_answer is not None: - print(actual_answer, predicted_answer, type(actual_answer), type(predicted_answer)) - y_true.append(int(actual_answer)) - y_pred.append(int(predicted_answer)) - - # # Calculate and log metrics for this question - # metrics = calculate_metrics(y_true, y_pred) - # logger.info("Current Metrics:") - # for metric, value in metrics.items(): - # logger.info(f"{metric}: {value}") - - if not success: - logger.error(f"Failed to process question {qid} after {max_attempts} attempts.") - programgenerror += 1 - - logger.info("Current Statistics:") - logger.info(f"Total correct answers: {correct_answers}") - logger.info(f"Total wrong answers: {wrong_answers}") - logger.info(f"Accuracy: {correct_answers / (correct_answers + wrong_answers) * 100:.2f}%") - logger.info(f"Program has not compiled {programgenerror} times.") - -logger.info("Final Results:") -logger.info(f"Total correct answers: {correct_answers}") -logger.info(f"Total wrong answers: {wrong_answers}") -logger.info(f"Final Accuracy: {correct_answers / (correct_answers + wrong_answers) * 100:.2f}%") - -# After processing all questions, calculate and log final metrics -final_metrics = calculate_metrics(y_true, y_pred) -print("Y_true", y_true) -print("Y_pred", y_pred) -logger.info("Final Metrics:") -for metric, value in final_metrics.items(): - logger.info(f"{metric}: {value}") - -logger.info(f"Total questions processed: {len(y_true)}") -logger.info(f"Program has not compiled {programgenerror} times.") diff --git a/docs/installation.md b/docs/installation.md index f0901cb..e45b99d 100644 --- a/docs/installation.md +++ b/docs/installation.md @@ -12,30 +12,6 @@ Install the core dependencies using: pip install -r requirements.txt ``` -This installs the following packages: - -- `z3-solver>=4.15.0` - Provides both the Z3 Python API (for JSONBackend) and CLI binary (for SMT2Backend) -- `openai>=2.0.0` - LLM client with support for both OpenAI and Azure OpenAI -- `scikit-learn>=1.7.0` - Used for evaluation metrics like `confusion_matrix` and `accuracy_score` -- `numpy>=2.3.0` - Required for numerical operations -- `python-dotenv>=1.1.0` - Manages environment variables from `.env` files - -### Development Dependencies (Optional) - -For development work, install additional tools: - -```bash -pip install -e ".[dev]" -``` - -This includes: - -- `black>=25.9.0` - Code formatter -- `ruff>=0.13.0` - Fast Python linter -- `mypy>=1.18.0` - Static type checker -- `pytest>=8.0.0` - Testing framework -- `pre-commit>=4.3.0` - Git hook manager - ## Z3 Verification Setup ### JSON Backend diff --git a/docs/postprocessors.md b/docs/postprocessors.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d3068e1 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/postprocessors.md @@ -0,0 +1,329 @@ +# Postprocessing Techniques + +This page describes the postprocessing techniques available to enhance reasoning quality and reliability. All postprocessors should work seamlessly with both JSON and SMT2 backends. + +## Overview + +Postprocessors apply advanced prompting techniques to improve the quality of reasoning results. They work by taking an initial answer and applying various strategies to verify, refine, or enhance it. + +### Available Techniques + +1. **Self-Refine** - Iterative refinement through self-critique +2. **Self-Consistency** - Majority voting across multiple reasoning paths +3. **Decomposed Prompting** - Breaking complex questions into sub-questions +4. **Least-to-Most Prompting** - Progressive problem solving from simple to complex + +## Quick Start + +### Basic Usage + +```python +from openai import OpenAI +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought + +client = OpenAI(api_key="...") + +# Enable Self-Refine postprocessor +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + postprocessors=["self_refine"], + postprocessor_configs={"self_refine": {"num_iterations": 2}} +) + +result = pot.query("Your complex reasoning question here") +print(result.answer) +``` + +### Multiple Postprocessors + +Postprocessors can be chained together: + +```python +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + postprocessors=["self_refine", "self_consistency"], + postprocessor_configs={ + "self_refine": {"num_iterations": 2}, + "self_consistency": {"num_samples": 5} + } +) +``` + +### Per-Query Control + +Disable postprocessing for specific queries: + +```python +# Postprocessors configured but disabled for this query +result = pot.query(question, enable_postprocessing=False) +``` + +## Postprocessor Details + +### 1. Self-Refine + +**Based on:** "Self-Refine: Iterative Refinement with Self-Feedback" (Madaan et al., 2023) + +**How it works:** +1. Generates initial solution +2. LLM critiques its own solution +3. Uses feedback to refine the solution +4. Repeats until convergence or max iterations + +**Configuration:** +```python +postprocessor_configs={ + "self_refine": { + "num_iterations": 2 # Number of refinement iterations (default: 2) + } +} +``` + +**Best for:** Questions where the initial solution might have subtle logical errors that can be caught through self-critique. + +**Example:** +```python +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + postprocessors=["self_refine"], + postprocessor_configs={"self_refine": {"num_iterations": 3}} +) +``` + +### 2. Self-Consistency + +**Based on:** "Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Models" (Wang et al., 2022) + +**How it works:** +1. Generates multiple independent reasoning paths (with higher temperature) +2. Collects answers from all paths +3. Selects most consistent answer via majority voting + +**Configuration:** +```python +postprocessor_configs={ + "self_consistency": { + "num_samples": 5 # Number of independent samples (default: 5) + } +} +``` + +**Best for:** Reducing variance and improving reliability on questions where random errors might occur in single attempts. + +**Example:** +```python +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + postprocessors=["self_consistency"], + postprocessor_configs={"self_consistency": {"num_samples": 7}} +) +``` + +### 3. Decomposed Prompting + +**Based on:** "Decomposed Prompting: A Modular Approach for Solving Complex Tasks" (Khot et al., 2022) + +**How it works:** +1. Breaks complex question into simpler sub-questions +2. Solves each sub-question independently +3. Combines sub-answers to solve main question + +**Configuration:** +```python +postprocessor_configs={ + "decomposed": { + "max_subquestions": 5 # Maximum sub-questions to generate (default: 5) + } +} +``` + +**Best for:** Multi-hop reasoning or questions requiring several logical steps. + +**Example:** +```python +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + postprocessors=["decomposed"], + postprocessor_configs={"decomposed": {"max_subquestions": 4}} +) +``` + +### 4. Least-to-Most Prompting + +**Based on:** "Least-to-Most Prompting Enables Complex Reasoning in Large Language Models" (Zhou et al., 2022) + +**How it works:** +1. Decomposes problem into progressive sub-problems (least to most complex) +2. Solves them sequentially +3. Uses solutions from simpler problems to inform complex ones + +**Configuration:** +```python +postprocessor_configs={ + "least_to_most": { + "max_steps": 5 # Maximum progressive steps (default: 5) + } +} +``` + +**Best for:** Problems with natural dependencies where simpler sub-problems build up to the main question. + +**Example:** +```python +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + postprocessors=["least_to_most"], + postprocessor_configs={"least_to_most": {"max_steps": 4}} +) +``` + +## Advanced Usage + +### Using Postprocessor Instances + +For more control, create postprocessor instances directly: + +```python +from z3adapter.postprocessors import SelfRefine, SelfConsistency + +custom_refine = SelfRefine(num_iterations=3, name="CustomRefine") +custom_consistency = SelfConsistency(num_samples=10, name="CustomConsistency") + +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + postprocessors=[custom_refine, custom_consistency] +) +``` + +### Registry Access + +Query available postprocessors and their defaults: + +```python +from z3adapter.postprocessors import PostprocessorRegistry + +# List all available +available = PostprocessorRegistry.list_available() +print(available) # ['self_refine', 'self_consistency', 'decomposed', 'least_to_most'] + +# Get default configuration +config = PostprocessorRegistry.get_default_config('self_refine') +print(config) # {'num_iterations': 2} + +# Create postprocessor +postprocessor = PostprocessorRegistry.get('self_refine', num_iterations=5) +``` + +### Creating Multiple Postprocessors + +```python +postprocessors = PostprocessorRegistry.get_multiple( + names=["self_refine", "self_consistency"], + configs={ + "self_refine": {"num_iterations": 3}, + "self_consistency": {"num_samples": 7} + } +) + +pot = ProofOfThought(llm_client=client, postprocessors=postprocessors) +``` + +## Backend Compatibility + +All postprocessors are **backend-agnostic** and work with: +- **JSON backend** (`backend="json"`) +- **SMT2 backend** (`backend="smt2"`) + +Example with both backends: + +```python +# JSON backend with postprocessing +pot_json = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + backend="json", + postprocessors=["self_refine"] +) + +# SMT2 backend with postprocessing +pot_smt2 = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=client, + backend="smt2", + postprocessors=["self_refine"] +) +``` + +## Performance Considerations + +### LLM Call Costs + +Postprocessors make additional LLM calls: + +| Postprocessor | Additional Calls | +|---------------|------------------| +| Self-Refine | `2 * num_iterations` | +| Self-Consistency | `num_samples - 1` | +| Decomposed Prompting | `max_subquestions + 2` | +| Least-to-Most Prompting | `max_steps + 2` | + + + +## Benchmarking with Postprocessors + +You can test postprocessors on benchmarks by modifying the benchmark scripts: + +```python +# In benchmark/bench_folio.py +pot = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2", + postprocessors=["self_refine"], # Add this + postprocessor_configs={"self_refine": {"num_iterations": 2}} # Add this +) +``` + +## API Reference + +### ProofOfThought Parameters + +```python +ProofOfThought( + llm_client: Any, + model: str = "gpt-5", + backend: Literal["json", "smt2"] = "smt2", + postprocessors: list[str] | list[Postprocessor] | None = None, + postprocessor_configs: dict[str, dict] | None = None, + ... +) +``` + +**Parameters:** +- `postprocessors`: List of postprocessor names or instances +- `postprocessor_configs`: Dictionary mapping names to configuration dicts + +### Query Parameters + +```python +pot.query( + question: str, + enable_postprocessing: bool = True, + ... +) +``` + +**Parameters:** +- `enable_postprocessing`: Enable/disable postprocessing for this query + +## Examples + +See `examples/postprocessor_example.py` for comprehensive demonstrations of all features. + +## Future Extensions + +The postprocessor architecture is designed to be extensible. To add new postprocessing techniques: + +1. Create a new class inheriting from `Postprocessor` +2. Implement the `process()` method +3. Register in `PostprocessorRegistry._POSTPROCESSOR_MAP` + +See `z3adapter/postprocessors/abstract.py` for the base interface. diff --git a/examples/postprocessor_example.py b/examples/postprocessor_example.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b9c6cf8 --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/postprocessor_example.py @@ -0,0 +1,192 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +"""Example: Using Postprocessors to Improve Reasoning Quality + +This example demonstrates how to use postprocessing techniques to enhance +the quality and reliability of reasoning results. + +All postprocessors work with both JSON and SMT2 backends. +""" + +import sys +from pathlib import Path + +# Add parent directory for imports +sys.path.insert(0, str(Path(__file__).parent.parent)) + +from utils.azure_config import get_client_config +from z3adapter.postprocessors import SelfRefine +from z3adapter.postprocessors.registry import PostprocessorRegistry +from z3adapter.reasoning import ProofOfThought + +# Get Azure OpenAI configuration +config = get_client_config() + +print("=" * 80) +print("Postprocessor Demonstration") +print("=" * 80) +print() + +# Test question (complex reasoning) +question = """Given the following premises: + +All people who regularly drink coffee are dependent on caffeine. +People regularly drink coffee, or they don't want to be addicted to caffeine, or both. +No one who doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine is unaware that caffeine is a drug. +Rina is either a student who is unaware that caffeine is a drug, or she is not a student and is aware that caffeine is a drug. +Rina is either a student who is dependent on caffeine, or she is not a student and not dependent on caffeine. + +Assuming all premises are true, is the following statement true or false? + +Statement: Rina doesn't want to be addicted to caffeine or is unaware that caffeine is a drug.""" + +# Example 1: Baseline (no postprocessing) +print("Example 1: Baseline (No Postprocessing)") +print("-" * 80) + +pot_baseline = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2", +) + +result_baseline = pot_baseline.query(question) +print(f"Answer: {result_baseline.answer}") +print(f"Success: {result_baseline.success}") +print(f"Attempts: {result_baseline.num_attempts}") +print() + +# Example 2: Self-Refine +print("Example 2: With Self-Refine Postprocessor") +print("-" * 80) + +pot_refine = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2", + postprocessors=["self_refine"], + postprocessor_configs={"self_refine": {"num_iterations": 2}}, +) + +result_refine = pot_refine.query(question) +print(f"Answer: {result_refine.answer}") +print(f"Success: {result_refine.success}") +print() + +# Example 3: Self-Consistency +print("Example 3: With Self-Consistency Postprocessor") +print("-" * 80) + +pot_consistency = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2", + postprocessors=["self_consistency"], + postprocessor_configs={"self_consistency": {"num_samples": 5}}, +) + +result_consistency = pot_consistency.query(question) +print(f"Answer: {result_consistency.answer}") +print(f"Success: {result_consistency.success}") +print() + +# Example 4: Decomposed Prompting +print("Example 4: With Decomposed Prompting Postprocessor") +print("-" * 80) + +pot_decomposed = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2", + postprocessors=["decomposed"], + postprocessor_configs={"decomposed": {"max_subquestions": 3}}, +) + +result_decomposed = pot_decomposed.query(question) +print(f"Answer: {result_decomposed.answer}") +print(f"Success: {result_decomposed.success}") +print() + +# Example 5: Least-to-Most Prompting +print("Example 5: With Least-to-Most Prompting Postprocessor") +print("-" * 80) + +pot_least_to_most = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2", + postprocessors=["least_to_most"], + postprocessor_configs={"least_to_most": {"max_steps": 3}}, +) + +result_least_to_most = pot_least_to_most.query(question) +print(f"Answer: {result_least_to_most.answer}") +print(f"Success: {result_least_to_most.success}") +print() + +# Example 6: Multiple postprocessors (chained) +print("Example 6: Multiple Postprocessors (Self-Refine + Self-Consistency)") +print("-" * 80) + +pot_combined = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2", + postprocessors=["self_refine", "self_consistency"], + postprocessor_configs={ + "self_refine": {"num_iterations": 2}, + "self_consistency": {"num_samples": 3}, + }, +) + +result_combined = pot_combined.query(question) +print(f"Answer: {result_combined.answer}") +print(f"Success: {result_combined.success}") +print() + +# Example 7: Using postprocessor instances directly +print("Example 7: Using Postprocessor Instances Directly") +print("-" * 80) + +custom_refine = SelfRefine(num_iterations=3, name="CustomRefine") + +pot_custom = ProofOfThought( + llm_client=config["llm_client"], + model=config["model"], + backend="smt2", + postprocessors=[custom_refine], # Pass instance instead of string +) + +result_custom = pot_custom.query(question) +print(f"Answer: {result_custom.answer}") +print(f"Success: {result_custom.success}") +print() + +# Example 8: Disable postprocessing per query +print("Example 8: Disabling Postprocessing for a Specific Query") +print("-" * 80) + +# Even though pot_refine has postprocessors configured, +# we can disable them for individual queries +result_no_postprocess = pot_refine.query(question, enable_postprocessing=False) +print(f"Answer: {result_no_postprocess.answer}") +print(f"Success: {result_no_postprocess.success}") +print("(Postprocessing was disabled for this query)") +print() + +# Summary +print("=" * 80) +print("Summary") +print("=" * 80) +print() +print("All postprocessors are backend-agnostic and work with both JSON and SMT2.") +print("They can be:") +print(" - Enabled at ProofOfThought initialization") +print(" - Configured with custom parameters") +print(" - Chained together for combined benefits") +print(" - Disabled per-query when needed") +print() +print("Available postprocessors:") + +for name in PostprocessorRegistry.list_available(): + config = PostprocessorRegistry.get_default_config(name) + print(f" - {name}: {config}") diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt index fcc4b18..7bb604b 100644 --- a/requirements.txt +++ b/requirements.txt @@ -1,26 +1,40 @@ annotated-types==0.7.0 anyio==4.11.0 +babel==2.17.0 +backrefs==5.9 black==25.9.0 certifi==2025.8.3 cfgv==3.4.0 +charset-normalizer==3.4.4 click==8.3.0 +colorama==0.4.6 distlib==0.4.0 distro==1.9.0 filelock==3.19.1 +ghp-import==2.1.0 h11==0.16.0 httpcore==1.0.9 httpx==0.28.1 identify==2.6.14 idna==3.10 iniconfig==2.1.0 +Jinja2==3.1.6 jiter==0.11.0 joblib==1.5.2 +Markdown==3.9 +MarkupSafe==3.0.3 +mergedeep==1.3.4 +mkdocs==1.6.1 +mkdocs-get-deps==0.2.0 +mkdocs-material==9.6.22 +mkdocs-material-extensions==1.3.1 mypy==1.18.2 mypy_extensions==1.1.0 nodeenv==1.9.1 numpy==2.3.3 openai==2.0.1 packaging==25.0 +paginate==0.5.7 pandas==2.3.3 pathspec==0.12.1 platformdirs==4.4.0 @@ -30,12 +44,15 @@ pyarrow==21.0.0 pydantic==2.11.9 pydantic_core==2.33.2 Pygments==2.19.2 +pymdown-extensions==10.16.1 pytest==8.4.2 python-dateutil==2.9.0.post0 python-dotenv==1.1.1 pytokens==0.1.10 pytz==2025.2 PyYAML==6.0.3 +pyyaml_env_tag==1.1 +requests==2.32.5 ruff==0.13.2 scikit-learn==1.7.2 scipy==1.16.2 @@ -46,8 +63,7 @@ tqdm==4.67.1 typing-inspection==0.4.2 typing_extensions==4.15.0 tzdata==2025.2 +urllib3==2.5.0 virtualenv==20.34.0 +watchdog==6.0.0 z3-solver==4.15.3.0 -mkdocs==1.6.1 -mkdocs-material==9.5.49 -pymdown-extensions==10.14 diff --git a/z3adapter/postprocessors/__init__.py b/z3adapter/postprocessors/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c95098d --- /dev/null +++ b/z3adapter/postprocessors/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +"""Postprocessing techniques for improving reasoning quality. + +This module provides various postprocessing strategies that can be applied +to enhance the quality and reliability of reasoning results from ProofOfThought. + +All postprocessors work with both JSON and SMT2 backends. +""" + +from z3adapter.postprocessors.abstract import Postprocessor +from z3adapter.postprocessors.decomposed import DecomposedPrompting +from z3adapter.postprocessors.least_to_most import LeastToMostPrompting +from z3adapter.postprocessors.registry import PostprocessorRegistry +from z3adapter.postprocessors.self_consistency import SelfConsistency +from z3adapter.postprocessors.self_refine import SelfRefine + +__all__ = [ + "Postprocessor", + "SelfRefine", + "DecomposedPrompting", + "LeastToMostPrompting", + "SelfConsistency", + "PostprocessorRegistry", +] diff --git a/z3adapter/postprocessors/abstract.py b/z3adapter/postprocessors/abstract.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d5bf511 --- /dev/null +++ b/z3adapter/postprocessors/abstract.py @@ -0,0 +1,68 @@ +"""Abstract base class for postprocessors.""" + +import logging +from abc import ABC, abstractmethod +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from z3adapter.backends.abstract import Backend + from z3adapter.reasoning.program_generator import Z3ProgramGenerator + from z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought import QueryResult + +logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) + + +class Postprocessor(ABC): + """Abstract base class for all postprocessing techniques. + + Postprocessors enhance reasoning quality by applying various strategies + after the initial answer is obtained. They work with both JSON and SMT2 backends. + + Example: + >>> from z3adapter.postprocessors import SelfRefine + >>> postprocessor = SelfRefine(num_iterations=2) + >>> improved_result = postprocessor.process( + ... question="...", + ... initial_result=result, + ... generator=generator, + ... backend=backend, + ... llm_client=client, + ... ) + """ + + def __init__(self, name: str | None = None): + """Initialize postprocessor. + + Args: + name: Optional name for this postprocessor instance + """ + self.name = name or self.__class__.__name__ + + @abstractmethod + def process( + self, + question: str, + initial_result: "QueryResult", + generator: "Z3ProgramGenerator", + backend: "Backend", + llm_client: Any, + **kwargs: Any, + ) -> "QueryResult": + """Process and potentially improve the initial result. + + Args: + question: Original question being answered + initial_result: Initial QueryResult from ProofOfThought + generator: Program generator for creating new programs + backend: Execution backend (JSON or SMT2) + llm_client: LLM client for additional queries + **kwargs: Additional arguments specific to the postprocessor + + Returns: + Enhanced QueryResult (may be same as initial if no improvement) + """ + pass + + def __repr__(self) -> str: + """String representation.""" + return f"{self.__class__.__name__}(name='{self.name}')" diff --git a/z3adapter/postprocessors/decomposed.py b/z3adapter/postprocessors/decomposed.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..958a9c5 --- /dev/null +++ b/z3adapter/postprocessors/decomposed.py @@ -0,0 +1,406 @@ +"""Decomposed Prompting postprocessor for breaking down complex questions. + +Based on the Decomposed Prompting technique from: +"Decomposed Prompting: A Modular Approach for Solving Complex Tasks" (Khot et al., 2022) +""" + +import json +import logging +import os +import re +import tempfile +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any + +from z3adapter.postprocessors.abstract import Postprocessor + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from z3adapter.backends.abstract import Backend + from z3adapter.reasoning.program_generator import Z3ProgramGenerator + from z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought import QueryResult + +logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) + + +class DecomposedPrompting(Postprocessor): + """Decomposed Prompting for breaking complex questions into sub-questions. + + The Decomposed Prompting technique works by: + 1. Analyzing the complex question and identifying sub-questions + 2. Solving each sub-question independently + 3. Combining sub-question answers to solve the main question + + This is particularly useful for multi-hop reasoning or questions + that require several logical steps. + """ + + def __init__(self, max_subquestions: int = 5, name: str | None = None): + """Initialize Decomposed Prompting postprocessor. + + Args: + max_subquestions: Maximum number of sub-questions to generate + name: Optional custom name for this postprocessor + """ + super().__init__(name) + self.max_subquestions = max_subquestions + + def process( + self, + question: str, + initial_result: "QueryResult", + generator: "Z3ProgramGenerator", + backend: "Backend", + llm_client: Any, + **kwargs: Any, + ) -> "QueryResult": + """Apply Decomposed Prompting to solve the question. + + Args: + question: Original question + initial_result: Initial QueryResult + generator: Program generator + backend: Execution backend + llm_client: LLM client + **kwargs: Additional arguments (cache_dir, temperature, max_tokens) + + Returns: + QueryResult from decomposed reasoning + """ + logger.info(f"[{self.name}] Starting decomposed prompting") + + cache_dir = kwargs.get("cache_dir", tempfile.gettempdir()) + temperature = kwargs.get("temperature", 0.1) + max_tokens = kwargs.get("max_tokens", 16384) + + # Step 1: Decompose question into sub-questions + sub_questions = self._decompose_question( + question=question, + llm_client=llm_client, + generator=generator, + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + if not sub_questions: + logger.warning(f"[{self.name}] Failed to decompose question, using initial result") + return initial_result + + logger.info(f"[{self.name}] Decomposed into {len(sub_questions)} sub-questions") + + # Step 2: Solve each sub-question + sub_answers = [] + for i, sub_q in enumerate(sub_questions, 1): + logger.info(f"[{self.name}] Solving sub-question {i}/{len(sub_questions)}: {sub_q}") + + sub_result = self._solve_subquestion( + sub_question=sub_q, + original_question=question, + generator=generator, + backend=backend, + cache_dir=cache_dir, + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + if sub_result.success: + sub_answers.append( + {"question": sub_q, "answer": sub_result.answer, "result": sub_result} + ) + logger.info(f"[{self.name}] Sub-question {i} answer: {sub_result.answer}") + else: + logger.warning(f"[{self.name}] Sub-question {i} failed") + sub_answers.append({"question": sub_q, "answer": None, "result": sub_result}) + + # Step 3: Combine sub-answers to answer main question + final_result = self._combine_answers( + question=question, + sub_answers=sub_answers, + initial_result=initial_result, + generator=generator, + backend=backend, + llm_client=llm_client, + cache_dir=cache_dir, + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + logger.info( + f"[{self.name}] Decomposed prompting complete. " + f"Final answer: {final_result.answer}, " + f"Initial answer: {initial_result.answer}" + ) + + return final_result + + def _decompose_question( + self, + question: str, + llm_client: Any, + generator: "Z3ProgramGenerator", + temperature: float, + max_tokens: int, + ) -> list[str]: + """Decompose a complex question into simpler sub-questions. + + Args: + question: Original complex question + llm_client: LLM client + generator: Program generator (for model info) + temperature: LLM temperature + max_tokens: Max tokens + + Returns: + List of sub-questions + """ + decomposition_prompt = f"""Break down the following complex reasoning question into simpler sub-questions that, when answered together, would help solve the main question. + +Main Question: {question} + +Please provide 2-{self.max_subquestions} sub-questions that: +1. Are simpler than the main question +2. Can be answered independently or build on each other +3. Together provide the information needed to answer the main question + +Format your response as a numbered list: +1. [First sub-question] +2. [Second sub-question] +... + +Sub-questions:""" + + try: + response = llm_client.chat.completions.create( + model=generator.model, + messages=[{"role": "user", "content": decomposition_prompt}], + max_completion_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + decomposition_text = response.choices[0].message.content or "" + + # Parse numbered list + sub_questions = [] + for line in decomposition_text.split("\n"): + # Match patterns like "1. question" or "1) question" + match = re.match(r"^\s*\d+[\.)]\s*(.+)$", line.strip()) + if match: + sub_q = match.group(1).strip() + if sub_q: + sub_questions.append(sub_q) + + logger.debug(f"[{self.name}] Decomposed into {len(sub_questions)} sub-questions") + return sub_questions[: self.max_subquestions] + + except Exception as e: + logger.error(f"[{self.name}] Error decomposing question: {e}") + return [] + + def _solve_subquestion( + self, + sub_question: str, + original_question: str, + generator: "Z3ProgramGenerator", + backend: "Backend", + cache_dir: str, + temperature: float, + max_tokens: int, + ) -> "QueryResult": + """Solve a single sub-question. + + Args: + sub_question: The sub-question to solve + original_question: Original main question (for context) + generator: Program generator + backend: Execution backend + cache_dir: Cache directory + temperature: LLM temperature + max_tokens: Max tokens + + Returns: + QueryResult for the sub-question + """ + from z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought import QueryResult + + # Add context from original question + contextualized_question = ( + f"Original question: {original_question}\n\n" f"Sub-question to solve: {sub_question}" + ) + + try: + # Generate program for sub-question + gen_result = generator.generate( + question=contextualized_question, + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + if not gen_result.success or gen_result.program is None: + return QueryResult( + question=sub_question, + answer=None, + json_program=None, + sat_count=0, + unsat_count=0, + output="", + success=False, + num_attempts=0, + error="Failed to generate program", + ) + + # Save and execute + file_extension = backend.get_file_extension() + temp_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile( + mode="w", + suffix=file_extension, + dir=cache_dir, + delete=False, + ) + program_path = temp_file.name + + with open(program_path, "w") as f: + if generator.backend == "json": + json.dump(gen_result.program, f, indent=2) + else: + f.write(gen_result.program) # type: ignore + + verify_result = backend.execute(program_path) + + # Clean up + try: + os.unlink(program_path) + except Exception: + pass + + return QueryResult( + question=sub_question, + answer=verify_result.answer, + json_program=gen_result.json_program, + sat_count=verify_result.sat_count, + unsat_count=verify_result.unsat_count, + output=verify_result.output, + success=verify_result.success and verify_result.answer is not None, + num_attempts=1, + ) + + except Exception as e: + logger.error(f"[{self.name}] Error solving sub-question: {e}") + return QueryResult( + question=sub_question, + answer=None, + json_program=None, + sat_count=0, + unsat_count=0, + output="", + success=False, + num_attempts=0, + error=str(e), + ) + + def _combine_answers( + self, + question: str, + sub_answers: list[dict[str, Any]], + initial_result: "QueryResult", + generator: "Z3ProgramGenerator", + backend: "Backend", + llm_client: Any, + cache_dir: str, + temperature: float, + max_tokens: int, + ) -> "QueryResult": + """Combine sub-question answers to answer the main question. + + Args: + question: Main question + sub_answers: List of sub-question results + initial_result: Initial result (fallback) + generator: Program generator + backend: Execution backend + llm_client: LLM client + cache_dir: Cache directory + temperature: LLM temperature + max_tokens: Max tokens + + Returns: + Final QueryResult + """ + from z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought import QueryResult + + # Build context from sub-answers + sub_context = "\n".join( + [ + f"Q: {sa['question']}\nA: {sa['answer']}" + for sa in sub_answers + if sa["answer"] is not None + ] + ) + + if not sub_context: + logger.warning(f"[{self.name}] No successful sub-answers, using initial result") + return initial_result + + # Generate final answer using sub-question insights + combination_prompt = f"""Based on the following sub-question answers, generate a complete solution to the main question. + +Main Question: {question} + +Sub-question answers: +{sub_context} + +Now, create a complete logical program that uses these insights to answer the main question.""" + + try: + gen_result = generator.generate_with_feedback( + question=question, + error_trace=combination_prompt, + previous_response="", + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + if not gen_result.success or gen_result.program is None: + logger.warning(f"[{self.name}] Failed to combine answers, using initial result") + return initial_result + + # Execute combined program + file_extension = backend.get_file_extension() + temp_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile( + mode="w", + suffix=file_extension, + dir=cache_dir, + delete=False, + ) + program_path = temp_file.name + + with open(program_path, "w") as f: + if generator.backend == "json": + json.dump(gen_result.program, f, indent=2) + else: + f.write(gen_result.program) # type: ignore + + verify_result = backend.execute(program_path) + + # Clean up + try: + os.unlink(program_path) + except Exception: + pass + + if not verify_result.success or verify_result.answer is None: + logger.warning( + f"[{self.name}] Combined answer verification failed, using initial result" + ) + return initial_result + + return QueryResult( + question=question, + answer=verify_result.answer, + json_program=gen_result.json_program, + sat_count=verify_result.sat_count, + unsat_count=verify_result.unsat_count, + output=verify_result.output, + success=True, + num_attempts=1, + ) + + except Exception as e: + logger.error(f"[{self.name}] Error combining answers: {e}") + return initial_result diff --git a/z3adapter/postprocessors/least_to_most.py b/z3adapter/postprocessors/least_to_most.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cb136e4 --- /dev/null +++ b/z3adapter/postprocessors/least_to_most.py @@ -0,0 +1,428 @@ +"""Least-to-Most Prompting postprocessor for progressive problem solving. + +Based on the Least-to-Most Prompting technique from: +"Least-to-Most Prompting Enables Complex Reasoning in Large Language Models" (Zhou et al., 2022) +""" + +import json +import logging +import os +import re +import tempfile +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any + +from z3adapter.postprocessors.abstract import Postprocessor + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from z3adapter.backends.abstract import Backend + from z3adapter.reasoning.program_generator import Z3ProgramGenerator + from z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought import QueryResult + +logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) + + +class LeastToMostPrompting(Postprocessor): + """Least-to-Most Prompting for progressive problem solving. + + The Least-to-Most Prompting technique works by: + 1. Breaking down the problem into a sequence of sub-problems + 2. Ordering sub-problems from simplest to most complex + 3. Solving them sequentially, using solutions from simpler problems + to inform more complex ones + + This is particularly effective for problems with natural dependencies + between sub-components. + """ + + def __init__(self, max_steps: int = 5, name: str | None = None): + """Initialize Least-to-Most Prompting postprocessor. + + Args: + max_steps: Maximum number of progressive steps + name: Optional custom name for this postprocessor + """ + super().__init__(name) + self.max_steps = max_steps + + def process( + self, + question: str, + initial_result: "QueryResult", + generator: "Z3ProgramGenerator", + backend: "Backend", + llm_client: Any, + **kwargs: Any, + ) -> "QueryResult": + """Apply Least-to-Most Prompting to solve the question. + + Args: + question: Original question + initial_result: Initial QueryResult + generator: Program generator + backend: Execution backend + llm_client: LLM client + **kwargs: Additional arguments (cache_dir, temperature, max_tokens) + + Returns: + QueryResult from progressive reasoning + """ + logger.info(f"[{self.name}] Starting least-to-most prompting") + + cache_dir = kwargs.get("cache_dir", tempfile.gettempdir()) + temperature = kwargs.get("temperature", 0.1) + max_tokens = kwargs.get("max_tokens", 16384) + + # Step 1: Decompose into ordered sub-problems (least to most complex) + sub_problems = self._decompose_progressive( + question=question, + llm_client=llm_client, + generator=generator, + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + if not sub_problems: + logger.warning( + f"[{self.name}] Failed to decompose into sub-problems, using initial result" + ) + return initial_result + + logger.info(f"[{self.name}] Decomposed into {len(sub_problems)} progressive steps") + + # Step 2: Solve progressively, building context from previous solutions + accumulated_context = "" + progressive_results = [] + + for i, sub_problem in enumerate(sub_problems, 1): + logger.info( + f"[{self.name}] Solving step {i}/{len(sub_problems)} " f"(complexity level {i})" + ) + + step_result = self._solve_with_context( + sub_problem=sub_problem, + original_question=question, + accumulated_context=accumulated_context, + generator=generator, + backend=backend, + cache_dir=cache_dir, + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + progressive_results.append( + { + "step": i, + "problem": sub_problem, + "result": step_result, + "answer": step_result.answer, + } + ) + + if step_result.success and step_result.answer is not None: + logger.info(f"[{self.name}] Step {i} answer: {step_result.answer}") + # Accumulate context for next step + accumulated_context += f"\n\nStep {i}: {sub_problem}\nAnswer: {step_result.answer}" + else: + logger.warning(f"[{self.name}] Step {i} failed, continuing with partial context") + accumulated_context += f"\n\nStep {i}: {sub_problem}\nAnswer: Unknown (failed)" + + # Step 3: Use all progressive context to answer the final question + final_result = self._synthesize_final_answer( + question=question, + progressive_results=progressive_results, + accumulated_context=accumulated_context, + initial_result=initial_result, + generator=generator, + backend=backend, + cache_dir=cache_dir, + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + logger.info( + f"[{self.name}] Least-to-most prompting complete. " + f"Final answer: {final_result.answer}, " + f"Initial answer: {initial_result.answer}" + ) + + return final_result + + def _decompose_progressive( + self, + question: str, + llm_client: Any, + generator: "Z3ProgramGenerator", + temperature: float, + max_tokens: int, + ) -> list[str]: + """Decompose question into progressive sub-problems (least to most complex). + + Args: + question: Original question + llm_client: LLM client + generator: Program generator (for model info) + temperature: LLM temperature + max_tokens: Max tokens + + Returns: + List of sub-problems ordered from simplest to most complex + """ + decomposition_prompt = f"""Break down the following complex reasoning question into a progressive sequence of sub-problems, ordered from simplest to most complex. + +Main Question: {question} + +Please provide 2-{self.max_steps} sub-problems where: +1. Each sub-problem is simpler than the previous one +2. Earlier sub-problems provide foundation for later ones +3. The sequence progresses from basic/simple to complex +4. Together they build up to solving the main question + +Format your response as a numbered list from LEAST to MOST complex: +1. [Simplest sub-problem] +2. [Slightly more complex] +3. [Even more complex] +... +{self.max_steps}. [Most complex, close to main question] + +Progressive sub-problems:""" + + try: + response = llm_client.chat.completions.create( + model=generator.model, + messages=[{"role": "user", "content": decomposition_prompt}], + max_completion_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + decomposition_text = response.choices[0].message.content or "" + + # Parse numbered list + sub_problems = [] + for line in decomposition_text.split("\n"): + match = re.match(r"^\s*\d+[\.)]\s*(.+)$", line.strip()) + if match: + sub_prob = match.group(1).strip() + if sub_prob: + sub_problems.append(sub_prob) + + logger.debug(f"[{self.name}] Decomposed into {len(sub_problems)} progressive steps") + return sub_problems[: self.max_steps] + + except Exception as e: + logger.error(f"[{self.name}] Error decomposing progressively: {e}") + return [] + + def _solve_with_context( + self, + sub_problem: str, + original_question: str, + accumulated_context: str, + generator: "Z3ProgramGenerator", + backend: "Backend", + cache_dir: str, + temperature: float, + max_tokens: int, + ) -> "QueryResult": + """Solve a sub-problem using accumulated context from previous steps. + + Args: + sub_problem: Current sub-problem to solve + original_question: Original main question + accumulated_context: Context from previous steps + generator: Program generator + backend: Execution backend + cache_dir: Cache directory + temperature: LLM temperature + max_tokens: Max tokens + + Returns: + QueryResult for this step + """ + from z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought import QueryResult + + # Build contextualized question + if accumulated_context: + contextualized_question = ( + f"Original question: {original_question}\n\n" + f"Previous steps solved:{accumulated_context}\n\n" + f"Current step to solve: {sub_problem}\n\n" + f"Use insights from previous steps to solve this step." + ) + else: + contextualized_question = ( + f"Original question: {original_question}\n\n" f"First step to solve: {sub_problem}" + ) + + try: + # Generate program for this step + gen_result = generator.generate( + question=contextualized_question, + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + if not gen_result.success or gen_result.program is None: + return QueryResult( + question=sub_problem, + answer=None, + json_program=None, + sat_count=0, + unsat_count=0, + output="", + success=False, + num_attempts=0, + error="Failed to generate program", + ) + + # Save and execute + file_extension = backend.get_file_extension() + temp_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile( + mode="w", + suffix=file_extension, + dir=cache_dir, + delete=False, + ) + program_path = temp_file.name + + with open(program_path, "w") as f: + if generator.backend == "json": + json.dump(gen_result.program, f, indent=2) + else: + f.write(gen_result.program) # type: ignore + + verify_result = backend.execute(program_path) + + # Clean up + try: + os.unlink(program_path) + except Exception: + pass + + return QueryResult( + question=sub_problem, + answer=verify_result.answer, + json_program=gen_result.json_program, + sat_count=verify_result.sat_count, + unsat_count=verify_result.unsat_count, + output=verify_result.output, + success=verify_result.success and verify_result.answer is not None, + num_attempts=1, + ) + + except Exception as e: + logger.error(f"[{self.name}] Error solving step with context: {e}") + return QueryResult( + question=sub_problem, + answer=None, + json_program=None, + sat_count=0, + unsat_count=0, + output="", + success=False, + num_attempts=0, + error=str(e), + ) + + def _synthesize_final_answer( + self, + question: str, + progressive_results: list[dict[str, Any]], + accumulated_context: str, + initial_result: "QueryResult", + generator: "Z3ProgramGenerator", + backend: "Backend", + cache_dir: str, + temperature: float, + max_tokens: int, + ) -> "QueryResult": + """Synthesize final answer using all progressive context. + + Args: + question: Main question + progressive_results: Results from all progressive steps + accumulated_context: Full accumulated context + initial_result: Initial result (fallback) + generator: Program generator + backend: Execution backend + cache_dir: Cache directory + temperature: LLM temperature + max_tokens: Max tokens + + Returns: + Final QueryResult + """ + from z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought import QueryResult + + # Check if we have any successful steps + successful_steps = [r for r in progressive_results if r["result"].success] + if not successful_steps: + logger.warning(f"[{self.name}] No successful steps, using initial result") + return initial_result + + # Generate final answer using progressive insights + synthesis_prompt = f"""Using the progressive reasoning steps below, generate a complete solution to the main question. + +Main Question: {question} + +Progressive reasoning (from simplest to most complex):{accumulated_context} + +Now create a complete logical program that synthesizes these progressive insights to answer the main question comprehensively.""" + + try: + gen_result = generator.generate_with_feedback( + question=question, + error_trace=synthesis_prompt, + previous_response="", + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + if not gen_result.success or gen_result.program is None: + logger.warning( + f"[{self.name}] Failed to synthesize final answer, using initial result" + ) + return initial_result + + # Execute synthesized program + file_extension = backend.get_file_extension() + temp_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile( + mode="w", + suffix=file_extension, + dir=cache_dir, + delete=False, + ) + program_path = temp_file.name + + with open(program_path, "w") as f: + if generator.backend == "json": + json.dump(gen_result.program, f, indent=2) + else: + f.write(gen_result.program) # type: ignore + + verify_result = backend.execute(program_path) + + # Clean up + try: + os.unlink(program_path) + except Exception: + pass + + if not verify_result.success or verify_result.answer is None: + logger.warning( + f"[{self.name}] Synthesized answer verification failed, using initial result" + ) + return initial_result + + return QueryResult( + question=question, + answer=verify_result.answer, + json_program=gen_result.json_program, + sat_count=verify_result.sat_count, + unsat_count=verify_result.unsat_count, + output=verify_result.output, + success=True, + num_attempts=1, + ) + + except Exception as e: + logger.error(f"[{self.name}] Error synthesizing final answer: {e}") + return initial_result diff --git a/z3adapter/postprocessors/registry.py b/z3adapter/postprocessors/registry.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cd741ff --- /dev/null +++ b/z3adapter/postprocessors/registry.py @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ +"""Registry for managing postprocessor techniques.""" + +import logging +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from z3adapter.postprocessors.abstract import Postprocessor + +logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) + + +class PostprocessorRegistry: + """Registry for managing and creating postprocessor instances. + + Provides a centralized way to create postprocessors by name and + manage default configurations. + + Example: + >>> registry = PostprocessorRegistry() + >>> refine = registry.get("self_refine", num_iterations=3) + >>> consistency = registry.get("self_consistency", num_samples=7) + """ + + _POSTPROCESSOR_MAP = { + "self_refine": "z3adapter.postprocessors.self_refine.SelfRefine", + "self_consistency": "z3adapter.postprocessors.self_consistency.SelfConsistency", + "decomposed": "z3adapter.postprocessors.decomposed.DecomposedPrompting", + "least_to_most": "z3adapter.postprocessors.least_to_most.LeastToMostPrompting", + } + + # Default configurations for each postprocessor + _DEFAULT_CONFIGS = { + "self_refine": {"num_iterations": 2}, + "self_consistency": {"num_samples": 5}, + "decomposed": {"max_subquestions": 5}, + "least_to_most": {"max_steps": 5}, + } + + @classmethod + def get(cls, name: str, **kwargs) -> "Postprocessor": # type: ignore[no-untyped-def] + """Get a postprocessor instance by name. + + Args: + name: Postprocessor name (e.g., "self_refine", "self_consistency") + **kwargs: Configuration parameters to override defaults + + Returns: + Postprocessor instance + + Raises: + ValueError: If postprocessor name is not registered + ImportError: If postprocessor module cannot be imported + """ + if name not in cls._POSTPROCESSOR_MAP: + available = ", ".join(cls._POSTPROCESSOR_MAP.keys()) + raise ValueError( + f"Unknown postprocessor: '{name}'. " f"Available postprocessors: {available}" + ) + + # Get class path and import + class_path = cls._POSTPROCESSOR_MAP[name] + module_path, class_name = class_path.rsplit(".", 1) + + try: + import importlib + + module = importlib.import_module(module_path) + postprocessor_class = getattr(module, class_name) + except (ImportError, AttributeError) as e: + raise ImportError(f"Failed to import postprocessor '{name}': {e}") from e + + # Merge default config with kwargs + config = cls._DEFAULT_CONFIGS.get(name, {}).copy() + config.update(kwargs) + + logger.debug(f"Creating postprocessor '{name}' with config: {config}") + return postprocessor_class(**config) + + @classmethod + def get_multiple(cls, names: list[str], configs: dict | None = None) -> list["Postprocessor"]: + """Get multiple postprocessor instances. + + Args: + names: List of postprocessor names + configs: Optional dict mapping names to config dicts + + Returns: + List of postprocessor instances + + Example: + >>> registry = PostprocessorRegistry() + >>> postprocessors = registry.get_multiple( + ... ["self_refine", "self_consistency"], + ... {"self_refine": {"num_iterations": 3}} + ... ) + """ + configs = configs or {} + postprocessors = [] + + for name in names: + config = configs.get(name, {}) + postprocessor = cls.get(name, **config) + postprocessors.append(postprocessor) + + return postprocessors + + @classmethod + def list_available(cls) -> list[str]: + """List all available postprocessor names. + + Returns: + List of registered postprocessor names + """ + return list(cls._POSTPROCESSOR_MAP.keys()) + + @classmethod + def get_default_config(cls, name: str) -> dict: + """Get default configuration for a postprocessor. + + Args: + name: Postprocessor name + + Returns: + Dictionary of default configuration parameters + + Raises: + ValueError: If postprocessor name is not registered + """ + if name not in cls._POSTPROCESSOR_MAP: + available = ", ".join(cls._POSTPROCESSOR_MAP.keys()) + raise ValueError( + f"Unknown postprocessor: '{name}'. " f"Available postprocessors: {available}" + ) + + return cls._DEFAULT_CONFIGS.get(name, {}).copy() diff --git a/z3adapter/postprocessors/self_consistency.py b/z3adapter/postprocessors/self_consistency.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..834e24d --- /dev/null +++ b/z3adapter/postprocessors/self_consistency.py @@ -0,0 +1,255 @@ +"""Self-Consistency postprocessor for improving answer reliability. + +Based on the Self-Consistency technique from: +"Self-Consistency Improves Chain of Thought Reasoning in Language Models" (Wang et al., 2022) +""" + +import json +import logging +import os +import tempfile +from collections import Counter +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any + +from z3adapter.postprocessors.abstract import Postprocessor + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from z3adapter.backends.abstract import Backend + from z3adapter.reasoning.program_generator import Z3ProgramGenerator + from z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought import QueryResult + +logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) + + +class SelfConsistency(Postprocessor): + """Self-Consistency postprocessor using majority voting. + + The Self-Consistency technique works by: + 1. Generating multiple independent reasoning paths + 2. Collecting answers from all paths + 3. Selecting the most consistent answer via majority voting + + This increases reliability by reducing the impact of random errors + or spurious reasoning in any single attempt. + """ + + def __init__(self, num_samples: int = 5, name: str | None = None): + """Initialize Self-Consistency postprocessor. + + Args: + num_samples: Number of independent samples to generate + name: Optional custom name for this postprocessor + """ + super().__init__(name) + self.num_samples = num_samples + + def process( + self, + question: str, + initial_result: "QueryResult", + generator: "Z3ProgramGenerator", + backend: "Backend", + llm_client: Any, + **kwargs: Any, + ) -> "QueryResult": + """Apply Self-Consistency to improve answer reliability. + + Args: + question: Original question + initial_result: Initial QueryResult + generator: Program generator + backend: Execution backend + llm_client: LLM client + **kwargs: Additional arguments (cache_dir, temperature, max_tokens) + + Returns: + QueryResult with most consistent answer + """ + logger.info( + f"[{self.name}] Starting self-consistency with {self.num_samples} samples " + f"(including initial result)" + ) + + cache_dir = kwargs.get("cache_dir", tempfile.gettempdir()) + temperature = kwargs.get("temperature", 0.7) # Higher temp for diversity + max_tokens = kwargs.get("max_tokens", 16384) + + # Collect all results (including initial) + all_results = [initial_result] + answer_counts: Counter[bool | None] = Counter() + + # Count initial result + if initial_result.success and initial_result.answer is not None: + answer_counts[initial_result.answer] += 1 + + # Generate additional samples + num_additional = self.num_samples - 1 + for i in range(num_additional): + logger.info(f"[{self.name}] Generating sample {i+2}/{self.num_samples}") + + sample_result = self._generate_sample( + question=question, + generator=generator, + backend=backend, + cache_dir=cache_dir, + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + all_results.append(sample_result) + + if sample_result.success and sample_result.answer is not None: + answer_counts[sample_result.answer] += 1 + logger.info(f"[{self.name}] Sample {i+2} answer: {sample_result.answer}") + else: + logger.warning(f"[{self.name}] Sample {i+2} failed") + + # Perform majority voting + if not answer_counts: + logger.warning(f"[{self.name}] No successful samples, returning initial result") + return initial_result + + # Find most common answer + majority_answer, count = answer_counts.most_common(1)[0] + total_successful = sum(answer_counts.values()) + + logger.info( + f"[{self.name}] Majority vote: {majority_answer} " + f"({count}/{total_successful} samples, " + f"{count/total_successful:.1%} agreement)" + ) + + # Find the best result with the majority answer + best_result = initial_result + for result in all_results: + if result.success and result.answer == majority_answer: + # Prefer results with fewer attempts or clearer SAT/UNSAT counts + if best_result.answer != majority_answer or self._is_better_result( + result, best_result + ): + best_result = result + + # Add metadata about consistency + logger.info( + f"[{self.name}] Self-consistency complete. " + f"Answer distribution: {dict(answer_counts)}" + ) + + return best_result + + def _generate_sample( + self, + question: str, + generator: "Z3ProgramGenerator", + backend: "Backend", + cache_dir: str, + temperature: float, + max_tokens: int, + ) -> "QueryResult": + """Generate a single independent sample. + + Args: + question: Original question + generator: Program generator + backend: Execution backend + cache_dir: Cache directory + temperature: LLM temperature (higher for diversity) + max_tokens: Max tokens + + Returns: + QueryResult from this sample + """ + from z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought import QueryResult + + try: + # Generate new program with higher temperature for diversity + gen_result = generator.generate( + question=question, + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + if not gen_result.success or gen_result.program is None: + return QueryResult( + question=question, + answer=None, + json_program=None, + sat_count=0, + unsat_count=0, + output="", + success=False, + num_attempts=0, + error="Failed to generate program", + ) + + # Save and execute program + file_extension = backend.get_file_extension() + temp_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile( + mode="w", + suffix=file_extension, + dir=cache_dir, + delete=False, + ) + program_path = temp_file.name + + with open(program_path, "w") as f: + if generator.backend == "json": + json.dump(gen_result.program, f, indent=2) + else: + f.write(gen_result.program) # type: ignore + + # Execute program + verify_result = backend.execute(program_path) + + # Clean up temp file + try: + os.unlink(program_path) + except Exception: + pass + + return QueryResult( + question=question, + answer=verify_result.answer, + json_program=gen_result.json_program, + sat_count=verify_result.sat_count, + unsat_count=verify_result.unsat_count, + output=verify_result.output, + success=verify_result.success and verify_result.answer is not None, + num_attempts=1, + ) + + except Exception as e: + logger.error(f"[{self.name}] Error generating sample: {e}") + return QueryResult( + question=question, + answer=None, + json_program=None, + sat_count=0, + unsat_count=0, + output="", + success=False, + num_attempts=0, + error=str(e), + ) + + def _is_better_result(self, result1: "QueryResult", result2: "QueryResult") -> bool: + """Compare two results to determine which is better. + + Args: + result1: First result + result2: Second result + + Returns: + True if result1 is better than result2 + """ + # Prefer results with fewer attempts (cleaner generation) + if result1.num_attempts < result2.num_attempts: + return True + if result1.num_attempts > result2.num_attempts: + return False + + # Prefer results with clearer SAT/UNSAT distinction + result1_clarity = abs(result1.sat_count - result1.unsat_count) + result2_clarity = abs(result2.sat_count - result2.unsat_count) + + return result1_clarity > result2_clarity diff --git a/z3adapter/postprocessors/self_refine.py b/z3adapter/postprocessors/self_refine.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..06d2cec --- /dev/null +++ b/z3adapter/postprocessors/self_refine.py @@ -0,0 +1,303 @@ +"""Self-Refine postprocessor for iterative refinement of reasoning. + +Based on the Self-Refine technique from: +"Self-Refine: Iterative Refinement with Self-Feedback" (Madaan et al., 2023) +""" + +import json +import logging +import os +import tempfile +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any + +from z3adapter.postprocessors.abstract import Postprocessor + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from z3adapter.backends.abstract import Backend + from z3adapter.reasoning.program_generator import Z3ProgramGenerator + from z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought import QueryResult + +logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) + + +class SelfRefine(Postprocessor): + """Self-Refine postprocessor for iterative improvement through self-feedback. + + The Self-Refine technique works by: + 1. Generating an initial solution + 2. Asking the LLM to provide feedback on its own solution + 3. Using that feedback to refine the solution + 4. Repeating until convergence or max iterations + + This postprocessor applies the technique to Z3 programs, asking the LLM to + critique and improve its reasoning and logical encoding. + """ + + def __init__(self, num_iterations: int = 2, name: str | None = None): + """Initialize Self-Refine postprocessor. + + Args: + num_iterations: Maximum number of refinement iterations + name: Optional custom name for this postprocessor + """ + super().__init__(name) + self.num_iterations = num_iterations + + def process( + self, + question: str, + initial_result: "QueryResult", + generator: "Z3ProgramGenerator", + backend: "Backend", + llm_client: Any, + **kwargs: Any, + ) -> "QueryResult": + """Apply Self-Refine to improve the initial result. + + Args: + question: Original question + initial_result: Initial QueryResult + generator: Program generator + backend: Execution backend + llm_client: LLM client + **kwargs: Additional arguments (cache_dir, temperature, max_tokens) + + Returns: + Refined QueryResult + """ + logger.info(f"[{self.name}] Starting self-refinement with {self.num_iterations} iterations") + + # If initial result failed, return as-is + if not initial_result.success: + logger.warning(f"[{self.name}] Initial result failed, skipping refinement") + return initial_result + + cache_dir = kwargs.get("cache_dir", tempfile.gettempdir()) + temperature = kwargs.get("temperature", 0.1) + max_tokens = kwargs.get("max_tokens", 16384) + + current_result = initial_result + best_result = initial_result + + for iteration in range(1, self.num_iterations + 1): + logger.info(f"[{self.name}] Refinement iteration {iteration}/{self.num_iterations}") + + # Generate self-feedback + feedback = self._generate_feedback( + question=question, + current_result=current_result, + llm_client=llm_client, + generator=generator, + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + if not feedback or "no improvement needed" in feedback.lower(): + logger.info(f"[{self.name}] No further improvements suggested, stopping") + break + + # Generate refined program with feedback + refined_result = self._generate_refined_program( + question=question, + feedback=feedback, + previous_result=current_result, + generator=generator, + backend=backend, + cache_dir=cache_dir, + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + if refined_result.success: + current_result = refined_result + # Keep track of best result (prefer successful results) + if refined_result.answer == initial_result.answer: + # Confirmation of original answer increases confidence + best_result = refined_result + logger.info(f"[{self.name}] Refinement confirmed original answer") + else: + logger.info( + f"[{self.name}] Refinement produced different answer: " + f"{refined_result.answer} vs {best_result.answer}" + ) + # Keep the most refined successful result + best_result = refined_result + else: + logger.warning(f"[{self.name}] Refinement iteration {iteration} failed") + + logger.info( + f"[{self.name}] Self-refinement complete. " + f"Final answer: {best_result.answer}, " + f"Initial answer: {initial_result.answer}" + ) + + return best_result + + def _generate_feedback( + self, + question: str, + current_result: "QueryResult", + llm_client: Any, + generator: "Z3ProgramGenerator", + temperature: float, + max_tokens: int, + ) -> str: + """Generate self-feedback on the current solution. + + Args: + question: Original question + current_result: Current QueryResult + llm_client: LLM client + generator: Program generator (for backend type) + temperature: LLM temperature + max_tokens: Max tokens for response + + Returns: + Feedback string from LLM + """ + # Format the current program for display + if generator.backend == "json" and current_result.json_program: + format_name = "JSON DSL" + else: + # For SMT2, we'd need to read the program file, but we don't have the path + # For now, just describe the result + format_name = "SMT2" + + feedback_prompt = f"""You previously solved this reasoning question: + +Question: {question} + +Your answer was: {current_result.answer} + +Your {format_name} program produced: +- SAT count: {current_result.sat_count} +- UNSAT count: {current_result.unsat_count} + +Please critically analyze your solution and identify any potential issues: +1. Is the logical encoding correct? +2. Are all premises properly captured? +3. Are the verification constraints correct? +4. Could the reasoning be improved or made more robust? + +If you identify issues, provide specific feedback on how to improve the solution. +If the solution is correct and complete, respond with "No improvement needed." + +Provide your analysis and feedback:""" + + try: + response = llm_client.chat.completions.create( + model=generator.model, + messages=[{"role": "user", "content": feedback_prompt}], + max_completion_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + feedback = response.choices[0].message.content + logger.debug(f"[{self.name}] Generated feedback: {feedback[:200]}...") + return feedback or "" + except Exception as e: + logger.error(f"[{self.name}] Error generating feedback: {e}") + return "" + + def _generate_refined_program( + self, + question: str, + feedback: str, + previous_result: "QueryResult", + generator: "Z3ProgramGenerator", + backend: "Backend", + cache_dir: str, + temperature: float, + max_tokens: int, + ) -> "QueryResult": + """Generate refined program using feedback. + + Args: + question: Original question + feedback: Feedback from self-critique + previous_result: Previous QueryResult + generator: Program generator + backend: Execution backend + cache_dir: Directory for caching programs + temperature: LLM temperature + max_tokens: Max tokens + + Returns: + New QueryResult from refined program + """ + from z3adapter.reasoning.proof_of_thought import QueryResult + + refinement_prompt = f"Based on the following feedback, please revise and improve your solution:\n\n{feedback}" + + try: + # Generate program with feedback as error trace + # This reuses the existing feedback mechanism + gen_result = generator.generate_with_feedback( + question=question, + error_trace=refinement_prompt, + previous_response="", # We don't have the raw response + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + if not gen_result.success or gen_result.program is None: + logger.warning(f"[{self.name}] Failed to generate refined program") + return QueryResult( + question=question, + answer=None, + json_program=None, + sat_count=0, + unsat_count=0, + output="", + success=False, + num_attempts=0, + error="Failed to generate refined program", + ) + + # Save and execute refined program + file_extension = backend.get_file_extension() + temp_file = tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile( + mode="w", + suffix=file_extension, + dir=cache_dir, + delete=False, + ) + program_path = temp_file.name + + with open(program_path, "w") as f: + if generator.backend == "json": + json.dump(gen_result.program, f, indent=2) + else: + f.write(gen_result.program) # type: ignore + + # Execute refined program + verify_result = backend.execute(program_path) + + # Clean up temp file + try: + os.unlink(program_path) + except Exception: + pass + + return QueryResult( + question=question, + answer=verify_result.answer, + json_program=gen_result.json_program, + sat_count=verify_result.sat_count, + unsat_count=verify_result.unsat_count, + output=verify_result.output, + success=verify_result.success and verify_result.answer is not None, + num_attempts=1, + ) + + except Exception as e: + logger.error(f"[{self.name}] Error generating refined program: {e}") + return QueryResult( + question=question, + answer=None, + json_program=None, + sat_count=0, + unsat_count=0, + output="", + success=False, + num_attempts=0, + error=str(e), + ) diff --git a/z3adapter/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py b/z3adapter/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py index 5346a5f..e0190e4 100644 --- a/z3adapter/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py +++ b/z3adapter/reasoning/proof_of_thought.py @@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import os import tempfile import traceback +from collections.abc import Sequence from dataclasses import dataclass from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Literal @@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ if TYPE_CHECKING: from z3adapter.backends.abstract import Backend + from z3adapter.postprocessors.abstract import Postprocessor logger = logging.getLogger(__name__) @@ -59,6 +61,8 @@ def __init__( optimize_timeout: int = 100000, cache_dir: str | None = None, z3_path: str = "z3", + postprocessors: Sequence[str | "Postprocessor"] | None = None, + postprocessor_configs: dict[str, dict] | None = None, ) -> None: """Initialize ProofOfThought. @@ -71,8 +75,18 @@ def __init__( optimize_timeout: Z3 optimization timeout in milliseconds cache_dir: Directory to cache generated programs (None = temp dir) z3_path: Path to Z3 executable (for SMT2 backend) + postprocessors: List of postprocessor names or instances to apply + postprocessor_configs: Configuration for postprocessors (if names provided) + + Example with postprocessors: + >>> pot = ProofOfThought( + ... llm_client=client, + ... postprocessors=["self_refine", "self_consistency"], + ... postprocessor_configs={"self_refine": {"num_iterations": 3}} + ... ) """ self.backend_type = backend + self.llm_client = llm_client self.generator = Z3ProgramGenerator(llm_client=llm_client, model=model, backend=backend) # Initialize appropriate backend (import here to avoid circular imports) @@ -95,6 +109,46 @@ def __init__( # Create cache directory if needed os.makedirs(self.cache_dir, exist_ok=True) + # Initialize postprocessors + self.postprocessors: list[Postprocessor] = [] + if postprocessors: + self.postprocessors = self._initialize_postprocessors( + postprocessors, postprocessor_configs or {} + ) + logger.info(f"Initialized {len(self.postprocessors)} postprocessors") + + def _initialize_postprocessors( + self, + postprocessors: Sequence[str | "Postprocessor"], + configs: dict[str, dict], + ) -> list["Postprocessor"]: + """Initialize postprocessor instances from names or objects. + + Args: + postprocessors: List of postprocessor names or instances + configs: Configuration dict for postprocessors + + Returns: + List of postprocessor instances + """ + from z3adapter.postprocessors.abstract import Postprocessor + from z3adapter.postprocessors.registry import PostprocessorRegistry + + initialized = [] + for item in postprocessors: + if isinstance(item, str): + # Create from registry + config = configs.get(item, {}) + postprocessor = PostprocessorRegistry.get(item, **config) + initialized.append(postprocessor) + elif isinstance(item, Postprocessor): + # Already an instance + initialized.append(item) + else: + logger.warning(f"Invalid postprocessor: {item}, skipping") + + return initialized + def query( self, question: str, @@ -102,6 +156,7 @@ def query( max_tokens: int = 16384, save_program: bool = False, program_path: str | None = None, + enable_postprocessing: bool = True, ) -> QueryResult: """Answer a reasoning question using Z3 theorem proving. @@ -111,6 +166,7 @@ def query( max_tokens: Maximum tokens for LLM response (default 16384 for GPT-5) save_program: Whether to save generated JSON program program_path: Path to save program (None = auto-generate) + enable_postprocessing: Whether to apply postprocessors (if configured) Returns: QueryResult with answer and execution details @@ -194,7 +250,7 @@ def query( logger.info( f"Successfully answered question on attempt {attempt}: {verify_result.answer}" ) - return QueryResult( + initial_result = QueryResult( question=question, answer=verify_result.answer, json_program=gen_result.json_program, # For backward compatibility @@ -205,6 +261,20 @@ def query( num_attempts=attempt, ) + # Apply postprocessors if enabled + if enable_postprocessing and self.postprocessors: + logger.info( + f"Applying {len(self.postprocessors)} postprocessors to improve result" + ) + return self._apply_postprocessors( + question=question, + initial_result=initial_result, + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + return initial_result + except Exception as e: error_trace = f"Error: {str(e)}\n{traceback.format_exc()}" logger.error(f"Exception on attempt {attempt}: {error_trace}") @@ -224,3 +294,55 @@ def query( num_attempts=self.max_attempts, error=f"Failed after {self.max_attempts} attempts. Last error: {error_trace}", ) + + def _apply_postprocessors( + self, + question: str, + initial_result: QueryResult, + temperature: float, + max_tokens: int, + ) -> QueryResult: + """Apply all configured postprocessors to improve the result. + + Args: + question: Original question + initial_result: Initial QueryResult + temperature: LLM temperature + max_tokens: Max tokens + + Returns: + Enhanced QueryResult after applying all postprocessors + """ + current_result = initial_result + + for postprocessor in self.postprocessors: + logger.info(f"Applying postprocessor: {postprocessor.name}") + + try: + enhanced_result = postprocessor.process( + question=question, + initial_result=current_result, + generator=self.generator, + backend=self.backend, + llm_client=self.llm_client, + cache_dir=self.cache_dir, + temperature=temperature, + max_tokens=max_tokens, + ) + + if enhanced_result.success: + logger.info( + f"Postprocessor {postprocessor.name} completed. " + f"Answer: {enhanced_result.answer}" + ) + current_result = enhanced_result + else: + logger.warning( + f"Postprocessor {postprocessor.name} failed, keeping previous result" + ) + + except Exception as e: + logger.error(f"Error in postprocessor {postprocessor.name}: {e}") + # Continue with current result if postprocessor fails + + return current_result From 769805f069603879cbc6c0f8269a082e5c1a559e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: DebarghaG Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2025 16:48:17 -0400 Subject: [PATCH 11/11] Adding citations --- README.md | 35 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++------- 1 file changed, 28 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md index 730bd76..f5fecab 100644 --- a/README.md +++ b/README.md @@ -128,6 +128,8 @@ from utils.azure_config import get_client_config ## Running Experiments +You can use this repository as a strong baseline for LLM+Solver methods. This code is generally benchmarked with GPT-5 on the first 100 samples of 5 datasets, as an indicator of whether we broke something during development. These numbers are not the best, and you can certainly get better numbers with better prompt engineering with this same tooling. Please feel free to put in a PR if you get better numbers with modified prompts. + To run all benchmarks with both backends and generate results: ```bash @@ -159,13 +161,32 @@ This will: | CONDITIONALQA | JSON | 100 | 76.00% | 0.9180 | 0.8750 | 0.8960 | 89.00% | | STRATEGYQA | JSON | 100 | 68.00% | 0.7500 | 0.7895 | 0.7692 | 86.00% | -## Notes - -- **Accuracy**: Percentage of correct predictions -- **Precision**: True positives / (True positives + False positives) -- **Recall**: True positives / (True positives + False negatives) -- **F1 Score**: Harmonic mean of precision and recall -- **Success Rate**: Percentage of queries that completed without errors + +# Citations + +Please consider citing our work if you find this useful. + +``` +@inproceedings{ +ganguly2024proof, +title={{PROOF} {OF} {THOUGHT} : Neurosymbolic Program Synthesis allows Robust and Interpretable Reasoning}, +author={Debargha Ganguly and Srinivasan Iyengar and Vipin Chaudhary and Shivkumar Kalyanaraman}, +booktitle={The First Workshop on System-2 Reasoning at Scale, NeurIPS'24}, +year={2024}, +url={https://openreview.net/forum?id=Pxx3r14j3U} +} +``` + +``` +@inproceedings{ +ganguly2025grammars, +title={Grammars of Formal Uncertainty: When to Trust {LLM}s in Automated Reasoning Tasks}, +author={Debargha Ganguly and Vikash Singh and Sreehari Sankar and Biyao Zhang and Xuecen Zhang and Srinivasan Iyengar and Xiaotian Han and Amit Sharma and Shivkumar Kalyanaraman and Vipin Chaudhary}, +booktitle={The Thirty-ninth Annual Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems}, +year={2025}, +url={https://openreview.net/forum?id=QfKpJ00t2L} +} +``` \ No newline at end of file

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